Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traditional chinese medicine for the treatment of chronic prostatitis in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for treating chronic prostatitis (CPT) in China. DESIGN Electronic medical database from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was searched, language is Chinese; date is from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2003. A total of 108 trials were found, and all studies with words like "randomization" or "quasi-randomization" in their abstracts were included, whether they used blinding or not. Nineteen theses that met the entry criteria were downloaded and fully printed. Four groups were divided: Chinese herbs orally treated group (based on syndrome differentiation), Chinese herbs externally treated group, Chinese herbs orally and externally treated group, and integrated Western with Chinese herbs treated group. RESULTS All 19 articles that met the entry criteria were clinical trial studies with low quality (Jadad Score <3). The results showed that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) may benefit the patients who had CPT. However, from the results of the funnel plots analysis of all four groups of clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria in this systematic review are distant asymmetrical and irregular plots, which indicate that a positive publication bias may exist. There was no obvious evidence indicating that the efficacy of the therapy in the treated groups using TCM was superior to that of the control group (Western medicine treatment group). CONCLUSIONS All of the four groups in the clinical trials have not provided evidence of evidence-based medicine (EBM) A class (including 1a, 1b, 1c level), failed to prove that the TCM may have beneficial effects for patients with CPT, because of low quality in all the trials and a positive publication bias. Therefore, in light of some positive outcomes, a good design of multicentered, randomized, parallel-controlled and blinding trials is needed in order to make further studies, and deserve further examination for the treatment of CPT with TCM.
An effective testing technique for component composition in EJBs

This paper proposes a new testing technique for component composition of EJBs. We define components made by a current developer as white box components and components made by another developer as black box components. Software from CBSD consists of black box components and white box components, and composition errors result from the interaction between black box components and white box components, or the interaction between two white box components. Our technique tests these composition errors. We select test cases by injecting a fault into a specific parts of the white box component. The specific parts we define in this paper lead to the high effectiveness of our technique. We evaluate this effectiveness through an experiment and a theorem. In addition, we provide an example in Enterprise JavaBeans.
Surgery for Parkinson's disease: integration of neurology and neurosurgery.

The development of chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) has significantly improved the lives of patients with midstage Parkinson’s disease (PD) suffering from complications of medical therapy. Outcome from DBS is determined by three factors: proper patient selection, accurate lead placement into the intended brain target, and careful postoperative device programming in conjunction with management of antiparkinsonian medications. For best results, patient selection and postoperative management must be done in conjunction with a neurologist specializing in the treatment of movement disorders. This article will review the current state of the art in DBS for PD, the role of the neurologist in care of the PD patient undergoing surgery, and current barriers to better integration of neurosurgical and neurological care.
Chimerism after organ transplantation

Recent evidence suggests that passenger leukocytes migrate after organ transplantation and produce persistent chimerism, which is essential for sustained survival of the allograft. Here, we describe how this hematolymphopoietic chimerism provides an important framework for interpretation of post-transplant phenomena and for initiation of therapeutically oriented transplantation research.
SimplyDroid: Efficient event sequence simplification for android application

To ensure the quality of Android applications, many automatic test case generation techniques have been proposed. Among them, the Monkey fuzz testing tool and its variants are simple, effective and widely applicable. However, one major drawback of those Monkey tools is that they often generate many events in a failure-inducing input trace, which makes the follow-up debugging activities hard to apply. It is desirable to simplify or reduce the input event sequence while triggering the same failure. In this paper, we propose an efficient event trace representation and the SimplyDroid tool with three hierarchical delta-debugging algorithms each operating on this trace representation to simplify crash traces. We have evaluated SimplyDroid on a suite of real-life Android applications with 92 crash traces. The empirical result shows that our new algorithms in SimplyDroid are both efficient and effective in reducing these event traces.
Endocrinological paraneoplastic syndromes Ectopic ACTH syndrome

malignant neoplasm of sinonasal tract, derived from olfactory epithelium. Unilateral nasal obstruction, epistaxis, sinusitis, and headaches are common symptoms. Olfactory neuroblastoma shows neuroendocrine differentiation and similarly to other neuroendocrine tumors can produce several types of peptic substances and hormones. Excess production of these substances can be responsible for different types of endocrinological paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS). Moreover, besides endocrinological, in ONB may also occur neurological PNS, caused by immune cross-reactivity between tumor and normal host tissues in the nervous system. Paraneoplastic syndromes in ONB include: syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS), humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM), hypertension due to catecholamine secretion by tumor, opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia (OMA) and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Paraneoplastic syndromes in ONB tend to have atypical features, therefore diagnosis may be difficult. In this review, we described initial symptoms, patterns of presentation, treatment and outcome of paraneoplastic syndromes in ONB, reported in the literature.
Experimental Evaluation of Coir: A System for Control and Data Parallelism

Though data-parallelism addresses a wide variety of problems in scientiic computing, this model in inadequate for general adaptive applications. Coir is our object-oriented thread-based model for data and task parallelism 25, 22, 24]. In this paper we brieey discuss the Coir objects-thread objects for control-parallelism and groups of thread objects, called ropes, for data-parallelism. Using an example from the CMU-task-parallel suitee5], we discuss the eeectiveness of our model in terms of expressibility and eeciency.
Crossed responses in human trapezius are not H-reflexes

Trapezius is commonly a ected in work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The H re ex may be a good tool to provide knowledge about the mechanisms involved in this motor dysfunction. In trapezius, previous ndings has described both ipsilateral and unusual crossed H re exes. Our study aimed to con rm these ndings by investigating the responses evoked in trapezius by stimulation of the C3/4 cervical nerves. Mmax and Hmax were measured in the ipsilateral trapezius in subjects (n=10) by percutaneous electrical stimulation of the accessory nerve and the cervical nerves of C3/4 respectively. Repeated stimulation of the C3/4 cervical nerves was performed during 3 di erent tasks (relaxation, contraction of ipsilateral side, contraction of contralateral side). Stimulation of the accessory nerve evoked M waves at an average latency of 2.9±0.2 ms for the upper part, 3.9±0.5 ms for the middle part, and 5.0±0.7 ms for the lower part of the ipsilateral trapezius. Stimulation of the C3/4 cervical nerves evoked ipsilateral re exes in the upper (n=8) middle (n=10) and in the lower (n=8) trapezius with an ipsilateral contraction. The latencies were 8.9±0.2 ms, 10.0±0.4 ms, and 10.9±0.4 ms respectively in the upper, middle, and lower parts of trapezius. These responses increased signi cantly with an increase in pre-stimulus EMG and decreased signi cantly with a decrease in pre-stimulus EMG in all ipsilateral parts of trapezius. Thus, they were considered H reexes. Contralaterally, responses with latencies corresponding to those observed ipsilaterally occurred in the upper (n=1), middle (n=9), and lower (n=6) part of trapezius. These potentials which were recorded from the left trapezius increased signi cantly more with contraction of the right trapezius compared with contraction on the left side. Thus, they were considered not to be H re exes but to be far eld EMG. This study found ipsilateral and contralateral responses consistent with previous ndings. However, we conclude that the contralateral response is not a crossed re ex. Further investigations are required to be able to fully dismiss that crossed re exes between the two trapezii are present.
Improving Drivers’ Hazard Perception and Performance Using a Less Visually-Demanding Interface

In-vehicle devices and infotainment systems occasionally lead to driver distraction, and as a result, increase the risk of missing on-road information. In the current study, a novel multi-touch interface for an in-vehicle infotainment system was evaluated, which potentially requires less visual attention and thus may reduce distraction and increase safety. The interface was compared with a functionally similar control interface in terms of hazard perception metrics and mental workload. Twenty-two participants drove a simulated route once with each system. During each drive, which included eight potentially-hazardous scenarios, participants were instructed to interact with one of the in-vehicle interfaces to perform phone calls or to navigate to specified destinations. Eye-gaze data were collected throughout the drive to evaluate whether participants detected the hazards while interacting with the in-vehicle interface, how much time they needed to identify them, and for how long they engaged with the secondary task. Additionally, after each drive, participants completed a NASA R-TLX questionnaire to evaluate their subjective workload during their engagement with the secondary tasks. Participants using the multi-touch interface needed less time to complete each secondary task and were quicker at identifying potential hazards around them. However, the probability of detecting hazards was similar for both interfaces. Finally, when using the multi-touch interface, participants reported lower subjective workload. The use of a multi-touch interface was found to improve drivers’ performance in terms of identifying hazards quicker than the control condition. The road safety and driver distraction implications of this novel interface are discussed.
Deception in Experiments: Revisiting the Arguments in Its Defense

In psychology, deception is commonly used to increase experimental control. Yet, its use has provoked concerns that it raises participants' suspicions, prompts second-guessing of experimenters' true intentions, and ultimately distorts behavior and endangers the control it is meant to achieve. Over time, these concerns regarding the methodological costs of the use of deception have been subjected to empirical analysis. We review the evidence stemming from these studies.
Alternative promoter usage of the Fos‐responsive gene Fit‐1 generates mRNA isoforms coding for either secreted or membrane‐bound proteins related to the IL‐1 receptor.

Fit‐1 has been identified previously as a Fos‐responsive gene of rat fibroblasts. Here we show that Fit‐1 is directly regulated by the estrogen‐inducible transcription factor Fos‐ER and that it belongs to the family of delayed early genes. Two different mRNA isoforms are expressed from the Fit‐1 gene. The Fit‐1M mRNA isolated from spleen codes for a membrane‐bound protein which is most closely related in its extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular domains to the type I interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) receptor. The Fit‐1S mRNA of fibroblasts directs, instead, the synthesis of a secreted protein consisting of only the extracellular domain. Analysis of the exon‐intron structure of the Fit‐1 gene indicated that the Fit‐1S and Fit‐1M mRNAs are transcribed from two different promoters and that the sequence differences at their 3′ ends result from alternative 3′ processing. Northern blot analysis with specific 5′ and 3′ probes directly demonstrated tight coupling between alternative promoter usage and 3′ processing of the Fit‐1 transcripts. The orthologous gene of the mouse (known as T1 or ST2) is expressed during ontogeny first in the fetal liver of the embryo and then in lung and hematopoietic tissues of the adult. The mRNA coding for the membrane‐bound protein is more abundantly expressed in all of these tissues, while the transcript for the secreted form predominates in fibroblasts and mammary epithelial cells. Differential regulation of two distinct promoters is thus used to determine the ratio between secreted and membrane‐bound forms of Fit‐1 (T1/ST2) which may modulate signaling in response to IL‐1.
A semantic framework for unified cloud service search, recommendation, retrieval and management

Cloud computing (CC) is a revolutionary paradigm of consuming Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services. However, while trying to find the optimal services, many users often feel confused due to the inadequacy of service information description. Although some efforts are made in the semantic modelling, retrieval and recommendation of cloud services, existing practices would only work effectively for certain restricted scenarios to deal for example with basic and non-interactive service specifications. In the meantime, various service management tasks are usually performed individually for diverse cloud resources for distinct service providers. This results into significant decreased effectiveness and efficiency for task implementation. Fundamentally, it is due to the lack of a generic service management interface which enables a unified service access and manipulation regardless of the providers or resource types. To address the above issues, the thesis proposes a semantic-driven framework, which integrates two main novel specification approaches, known as agility-oriented and fuzziness-embedded cloud service semantic specifications, and cloud service access and manipulation request operation specifications. These consequently enable comprehensive service specification by capturing the in-depth cloud concept details and their interactions, even across multiple service categories and abstraction levels. Utilising the specifications as CC knowledge foundation, a unified service recommendation and management platform is implemented. Based on considerable experiment data collected on real-world cloud services, the approaches demonstrate distinguished effectiveness in service search, retrieval and recommendation tasks whilst the platform shows outstanding performance for a wide range of service access, management and interaction tasks. Furthermore, the framework includes two sets of innovative specification processing algorithms specifically designed to serve advanced CC tasks: while the fuzzy rating and ontology evolution algorithms establish a manner of collaborative cloud service specification, the service orchestration reasoning algorithms reveal a promising means of dynamic service compositions.
Ant colony optimization with selective evaluation for feature selection in character recognition

This paper analyzes the size characteristics of character recognition domain with the aim of developing a feature selection algorithm adequate for the domain. Based on the results, we further analyze the timing requirements of three popular feature selection algorithms, greedy algorithm, genetic algorithm, and ant colony optimization. For a rigorous timing analysis, we adopt the concept of atomic operation. We propose a novel scheme called selective evaluation to improve convergence of ACO. The scheme cut down the computational load by excluding the evaluation of unnecessary or less promising candidate solutions. The scheme is realizable in ACO due to the valuable information, pheromone trail which helps identify those solutions. Experimental results showed that the ACO with selective evaluation was promising both in timing requirement and recognition performance.
Age‐related diurnal changes of dermal oedema: evaluation by high‐frequency ultrasound

Using high‐frequency ultrasound, we measured the influence of gravitational stress on skin echogenicity in 22 young (age range 17–27; median 19) and 22 elderly (age range 75–100; median 87) healthy adults. B‐mode ultrasound images were obtained from the medial malleolus, lateral calf, anterior thigh, volar forearm and the medial aspect of the arm three times daily; in the morning, immediately before rising, and 2 and 12 h later. The echogenicity was measured by counting the number of low echogenic pixels in the image. Pronounced changes of low echogenic pixel numbers were seen in the areas exposed to high gravitational stress, i.e, the ankle and calf. In the young age‐group echogenicity of the skin increased steadily during the day, whereas in the elderly population echogenicity decreased 2 h after getting up in the morning, and subsequently returned to the baseline level. In a control group of 10 people (aged 17–83; median 18), who remained in the supine position throughout the day, the echogenicity of the skin remained unchanged. As the echogenicity of the dermis is inversely related to the amount of fluid it contains, our results indicate that young skin responds to gravitational stress by fluid depletion. In the skin of the elderly, the mechanism of fluid removal appears to be defective. The impaired protection against the development of intradermal oedema in the elderly may predispose to the development of lipodermatosclerosis and leg ulceration.
A Study on the Nature of Code Clone Occurrence Predominantly in Feature Oriented Programming and the Prospects of Refactoring

In this position paper, it is tried to analyze the diverse type of code clones which is present and can easily be perpetuated in feature oriented programming. Along with that, a brief summary of the type of code clones and the use of Refactoring methodologies and tools which is effectively known to remove the problem of code clones is also discussed. The main observation that is made in this paper is the various type of code clones which are present in FOP. Through this discussion, it is intended to draw the attention to the various ways in which code clones could propagate and how important it is to curb it at the initial stages to reduce the complexities. General Terms Code Clone Detection techniques and tools, Metrices, Refactoring Methods.
System-level thermal-aware design of 3D multiprocessors with inter-tier liquid cooling

Rising chip temperatures and aggravated thermal reliability issues have characterized the emergence of 3D multiprocessor system-on-chips (3D-MPSoCs), necessitating the development of advanced cooling technologies. Microchannel based inter-tier liquid cooling of ICs has been envisaged as the most promising solution to this problem. A system-level thermal-aware design of electronic systems becomes imperative with the advent of these new cooling technologies, in order to preserve the reliable functioning of these ICs and effective management of the rising energy budgets of high-performance computing systems. This paper reviews the recent advances in the area of system-level thermal modeling and management techniques for 3D multiprocessors with advanced liquid cooling. These concepts are combined to present a vision of a green data-center of the future which reduces the CO2 emissions by reusing the heat it generates.
The green colour effect (GCE) of the killer strain Cryptococcus laurentii CBS 139 on Staib agar

Attention is drawn to the observation that the type strain Cryptococcus laurentii CBS 139, producing killer toxins (mycocins) directed at Cr. neoformans var. gattii, causes a green colour effect (GCE) on Staib agar (Guizotia abyssinica creatinine agar) in combination with an intense assimilation of creatinine. Five (9.6%) out of 52 strains of Cr. laurentii of various origin, showed a GCE and intense creatinine assimilation. Further research must show if all Cr. laurentii strains, characterized by a GCE similar to that of the strain CBS 139, are also capable of producing killer toxins. For further ecological and epidemiological research on strains producing killer toxins directed against species of the genus Cryptococcus, it is proposed to use Staib agar as differential culture medium indicating both colour effects, i.e. the GCE and the brown colour effect (BCE).
EXAMINATION OF ACTIN POLYMERIZATION AND VISCOSITY INDUCED BY CATIONS AND IONIC STRENGTH WHEN CROSS‐LINKED BY α‐ACTININ

Increasing potassium chloride concentration from 0 to 100mM and magnesium chloride from 0 to 2mM show a parallel rate increase in polymerizing actin, whereas increasing calcium chloride concentration from 0 to 0.2mM decreases the rate of polymerizing actin. The presence of α‐actinin has little influence on the polymerization kinetics of actin under these conditions. Viscometric measurements indicate that the presence of various mono‐ and divalent cations, ionic strength, and α‐actinin in combination are responsible for changes in the mechanical properties of solutions containing actin. The actin filament dynamic behavior is drastically reduced under these conditions as confirmed by quasi‐elastic light scattering.
Criteria of Kalman's Type to the Approximate Controllability and the Approximate Synchronization for a Coupled System of Wave Equations with Dirichlet Boundary Controls

In this paper the authors obtain necessary conditions, presented as criteria of Kalman's type, to the approximate null controllability, the approximate synchronization, and the approximate synchronization by groups, respectively, for a coupled system of wave equations with Dirichlet boundary controls. The sufficiency of these conditions is also established for $N\times N$ cascade systems, for some $2\times 2$ systems, as well as for diagonalizable systems in the one-space-dimensional case.
What can we learn from status epilepticus registries?

There is a remarkable dearth of information about the various therapies used, often widely so, to control refractory or super‐refractory status epilepticus despite its high mortality and morbidity. As pointed out by recent literature reviews, there are no controlled studies, and information is based almost entirely on open, often small and retrospective, case series or case reports. Randomized or controlled studies that are sufficiently powered are not feasible in relation to the many therapies and treatment approaches available. For this reason, we proposed an international case registry of therapies used in refractory and super‐refractory cases and their outcome. Clinicians from different countries will be asked to complete an online questionnaire when they treat a patient with refractory or super‐refractory status epilepticus. Information gathered from this database will summarize the spectrum of etiologies, treatments, and outcomes of this challenging condition and may even form the bases for treatment guidelines or future targeted treatment trials.