Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Guideline on IgG4-related digestive disease – UEG and SGF evidence-based recommendations

The overall objective of these guidelines is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related digestive disease in adults and children. IgG4-related digestive disease can be diagnosed only with a comprehensive work-up that includes histology, organ morphology at imaging, serology, search for other organ involvement, and response to glucocorticoid treatment. Indications for treatment are symptomatic patients with obstructive jaundice, abdominal pain, posterior pancreatic pain, and involvement of extra-pancreatic digestive organs, including IgG4-related cholangitis. Treatment with glucocorticoids should be weight-based and initiated at a dose of 0.6–0.8 mg/kg body weight/day orally (typical starting dose 30-40 mg/day prednisone equivalent) for 1 month to induce remission and then be tapered within two additional months. Response to initial treatment should be assessed at week 2–4 with clinical, biochemical and morphological markers. Maintenance treatment with glucocorticoids should be considered in multi-organ disease or history of relapse. If there is no change in disease activity and burden within 3 months, the diagnosis should be reconsidered. If the disease relapsed during the 3 months of treatment, immunosuppressive drugs should be added.
Dovekie response to Glaucous Gull behaviour and approach in North Greenland

Dovekies Alle alle form breeding colonies of thousands of birds in North Greenland. One of their major predators, the Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus, attacks Dovekies while they attend their breeding colony. We found that Dovekies at the edge and at the center of the breeding colony responded similarly to gulls. Dovekies were sig- nificantly more likely to evacuate the colony when a gull approached low to medium in height (<60 m above colony) and flew with a steady wing beat or an irregular flight pattern. A gull that approached from inland was significantly more likely to cause the colony to evacuate than a gull that approached from the sea. Dovekies responded similarly to gulls in cloudy and clear conditions, but were significantly more likely to leave the colony when the weather was windy than when it was calm. Dovekies appear to evaluate the threat of gull predation based on the gull's behavior and its approach height. Our data suggest that Dovekies agree on the threat a gull poses as generally all birds evacu- ated the colony or remained. Partial evacuation of the colony was rare and occurred generally when gulls gave mixed signals such as flying high but irregularly. (Med et dansk resume: Sokongernes reaktion pa overflyvende Gramager i en nordgronlandsk koloni)
Lipid Composition of the Roots of Plantago Species: Response to Alteration of the Level of Mineral Nutrition and Ecological Significance

In a study of the adaptation of Plantago species to their specific environment the lipid composition of the roots of several species: Plantago major L. ssp. major, Plantago major L. ssp. pleiosperma Pilger, Plantago lanceolata L. , Plantago media L. , Plantago maritima L. , Plantago coronopus L. was studied as well as the effect of the nutritional regime. Upon exposure to low-salt conditions Plantago major L. ssp. major L. and Plantago maritima L. maintained the level of free sterols in the roots, despite a depressed level of total sterols, and the root lipids were more saturated than under high-salt conditions. Both factors may reduce nutrient leakage from the roots to the low-salt condition. Upon exposure to low-salt conditions, all Plantago species showed a decreased level of galactolipid (exception: Plantago coronopus) and a decreased level of sitosterol (exception: Plantago maritima); the latter being compensated by an elevated level of cholesterol + tocopherol in Plantago major ssp. pleiosperma, Plantago lanceolata and Plantago media. Plantago coronopus was the only species which under low-salt conditions showed an increased level of free sterols, among which cholesterol was the most important; thus indicating a high degree of regulation of membrane permeability under alternating nutritional conditions. The level of sulfolipid was kept constant in all Plantago species, with the highest level observed in Plantago maritima. The role which various lipids may play in maintenance of membrane integrity under alternating nutritional conditions is discussed.
Insect Rearing: Potential, Challenges, and Circularity

Environmental pollution, population increase, water availability and misuse of land are inexorably driving humans to take on important challenges related to sustainability. The next future is expected to see a significant increase of food and feed demands, which determines a serious threat to well-being levels and even survival of modern societies. Within this scenario, the efficient and sustainable use of insects as protein sources has been invoked as a possible strategic solution. As a candidate for remarkable growth, insect farming promises significant benefits to agri-food industry, offering interesting opportunities for implementing circular economy. In the present work, we review selected literature on insect rearing with the aim of providing a short rigorous introduction to the field to researchers, entrepreneurs and common readers. After a general overview of the field, including a description of insect nutritional values, the review focuses on the three insect species that are seemingly set to beneficially affect aquaculture, which is the activity presently more sensitive to circularity and sustainability innovation. Once traditional and advanced insect rearing methods are described, the challenges that the field is going to tackle are suitably highlighted.
RESEARCH ARTICLE Molecular identification of phytoplasmas in fasciated cacti and succulent species and associated hormonal perturbation

Fasciation, a frequent phenomenon in Cactaceae, has been attributed to various causes. The present study reports on phytoplasma-induced fasciation in Euphorbia coerulescens (Euphorbiaceae), Orbea gigantea (Asclepiadaceae), Opuntia cylindrica (Cactaceae), and Senecio stapeliiformis (Asteraceae). DNA was extracted from symptomless and fasciated tissues and amplified by nested PCR using universal primers P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 produced amplicons of 1.2 Kb. The nucleotide sequence analyses of the amplicons indicated that fasciated plants were infected by phytoplasma. Phylogenetic analysis placed the cacti fasciation phytoplasmas in 16SrII group. The hormonal content of symptomless and fasciated tissues including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), kinetin (Kin), N 6 -benzyladenine (BA), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA3) was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that fasciation in O. gigantea was correlated with the accumulation of Kin and IAA increasing five and two times, respectively, as compared to symptomless tissue. However, there was no consistent pattern of hormones in other fasciated species (E. coerulescens, O. cylindrica, and S. stapeliiformis), suggesting that different plant species might have different mechanism to develop fasciation associated with phytoplasma infection.
Konut Fiyatlarının Mekânsal Kantil Regresyon Yaklaşımına Göre Modellenmesi: Denizli İli Örneği

The aim of the study is to examine the relationships between housing prices and characteristics by spatial quantile regression approach within the framework of hedonic price theory. In the period of May-June 2019, 3666 units of housing data for sale were obtained from the central districts for the Denizli housing market and it was aimed to provide information regarding the demand direction of the Denizli housing market. According to the estimation results of spatial quantile regression, the effects of structural, physical and locational housing characteristics on the housing prices change for the quantiles with the highest and lowest housing prices. One of the remarkable findings of the study is that an increment in the prices of neighboring houses for different segments of the distribution of housing asking prices increases the housing prices at different rates. The housing prices in neighbor locations most affect positively the housing prices at the bottom of 25th quartile. Consequently, determining the characteristics that increase and decrease the housing prices for different segments might implicitly provide information about the housing preferences of households with different income levels.
Pharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants for Activity at Dopamine Receptor Subtypes. II. Screen for Binding Activity at the D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptor Subtypes

Aqueous, organic and alcoholic extracts of 163 Bolivian, Chinese and Pakistani medicinal plants were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the binding of radioligands selective for the D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtypes expressed in Sf9 cells. Based upon the results of the initial screen, 25 extracts were selected for further evaluation. Concentrationresponse competitive radioligand binding studies were performed to obtain IC 50 values for the inhibition of the binding at D1 or D2 receptors by the selected extracts. The D1:D2 receptor ratio of IC 50 values for the extracts ranged from approximately two-fold selective for the D1 receptor to threefold selective for the D2 receptor. D1 and D2 dopamine receptors are known to be linked to the activation and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity, respectively. Therefore, the selected extracts were tested for the ability to either a) stimulate adenylyl cyclase activity using stably transfected HEK 293 cells expressing human D1 receptors (hD1-HEK) or b) inhibit forskolin-dependent stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity in stably transfected HEK 293 cells expressing rat D2 dopamine receptors (rD2-HEK). Two extracts were found to stimulate adenylyl cyclase activity in hD1-HEK cells. However, similar results were observed when untransfected HEK cells were used, suggesting that the ability of these two extracts to increase cAMP levels in hD1-HEK cells was not mediated through a D1-like dopamine receptor. While the majority of extracts did not have an effect on forskolin-dependent stimulation in rD2-HEK cells, six extracts were capable of inhibiting adenylyl cyclase activity in these cells. For five of these extracts, the inhibitory effect appeared to be dependent upon the expression of D2 receptors because no inhibitory effect was observed when untransfected HEK 293 cells were used. In summary, the results of this preliminary radioligand binding and functional activity screen of extracts from medicinal plants for pharmacologic activity at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors indicated that the majority of components capable of binding to the D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtypes appeared to be essentially nonselective. While none of the selected extracts were found to have agonist activity at D1 receptors, several of the extracts exhibited inverse agonist activity at D1 dopamine receptors. Five of the extracts appeared to be agonists at D2 dopamine receptors. Therefore, several classes of extracts were identified which appeared to contained unique combinations of the following pharmacologic properties: D1 dopamine receptor antagonist, D2 dopamine receptor antagonist, D1 receptor inverse agonists and D2 receptor agonists. In addition, two of the extracts tested appeared to modulate adenylyl cyclase activity, but this activity did not appear to be mediated through activation of a dopamine receptor subtype.
First report of Aphid, Liosomaphis ornata Miyazaki, 1971 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from India

First occurrence of the aphid, Liosomaphis ornata Miyazaki (Hemiptera: Aphididae) making colonies on Berberis lycium Royle (Berberidaceae) from Naggar, Kullu, Himachal Pradesh, India is reported. The viviparous female is re-described with the help of photographs and measurements. A key to the species of Liosomaphis Walker occurring in India is provided.
Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in the fruits of Aronia spp.

Chokeberry (Aronia Medik.) is a non-traditional fruit plant known as a rich source of biologically active compounds and inhibits the numerous biological activities. We compared the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of fruits between widely cultivated Aronia mitschurinii (AM-TCH, from Tchekhov district; AM-D, from Dmitrov district; AM-OZ, from Orekhovo-Zuevsky district of Moscow region, Russia) and introduced North American Aronia species (Aronia arbutifolia (AA-M), A. melanocarpa (AML-M), A. × prunifolia (AP-M), which have not been planted yet in the arboretum of Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). Studying samples were collected in their secondary distribution range. Ethanolic extracts were determined for antioxidant capacity (antioxidant activity by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods, the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids) and measured spectrophotometrically. As standards were used Trolox (TE) for antioxidant activities, gallic acid (GAE) for polyphenol content, quercetin (QE) for flavonoid content, caffeic acid (CAE) for phenolic acid content. The antioxidant activity by DPPH method in ethanol extracts of investigated plants was from 6.96 (AM-D) to 8.89 (AM-OZ) mg TE.g-1 DW. Reducing the power of investigated extracts exhibited activity from 151.47 (AM-OZ) to 297.8 (AA-M) mg TE.g-1 DW. The content of polyphenol compounds determined from 25.98 (AM-TCH) to 54.39 (AA-M) mg GAE.g-1 DW, phenolic acids content was from 7.76 (AP-M) to 11.87 (AM-D) mg CAE.g-1 DW and the content of flavonoids detected from 8.12 (AM-OZ) to 16.62 (AM-D) mg QE. -1 DW. Obtained data showed a strong correlation between the content of polyphenol compounds and reducing the power of extracts (r = 0.700), between flavonoids and phenolic acids (r = 0.771) and also between phenolic acids and reducing power (r = 0.753) in Aronia ethanol extracts. Fruits of investigated species of Aronia can be propagated as a source of polyphenol compounds with antioxidant activity and obtained results may use for farther pharmacological study.
Growing Evolution of the Electrification Rate on Heavy Vehicles

In response to environmental impacts and all the limitations caused by fossil fuels, we have been witnessing in recent decades to the sharp development of hybrid electric and electric vehicles, particularly in heavy-duty passenger vehicles. Its proliferation is now widespread in virtually every major vehicle brand, reflecting operator confidence. In order to further mitigate the use of fossil fuels, the trend is to increase supply in 100% electric versions. However, the evolution of recent years, both in manufacturers commercial strategy of major brands and bodybuilders and in sales volume, seems to indicate a new demand stage for this kind of vehicles, which are still making the first steps in Portugal. However, high acquisition costs and limited autonomy are still major obstacles to a faster proliferation of electrification in heavy vehicles. Its strengths such as lower air and noise pollution, in addition to lower operating and maintenance costs, led to a growing acquisition in the Portuguese vehicle market, where 16 new heavy-duty passenger BEV have been sold this year. Real-world operational impacts of these vehicles indicate a energy use between 0.91 and 1.65 kWh/km depending on driving context. It has been also observed that operators are still adapting and not always using the full battery capacity. Keywords: Electrified heavy vehicles, Energy assessment, Driving mode, Load support, State of charge
A test of the Janzen-Connell model with two common tree species in Amazonian forest

ABSTRACT Field experiments and survival analysis were used to test whether the Janzen-Connell model operated for two common Amazonian tree species in Peru: the midstorey palm, Astrocaryum murumuru, and the canopy-emergent legume, Dipteryx micrantha. Seed and seedling survival patterns of these species partially supported the model, depending on tree species, type of predator, spatial scale and the particular year. At a small scale of a 2.5-ha plot, Astrocaryum seed predation by insects and mammals was density-dependent. At a larger scale of 100 ha, Dipteryx seed survival increased with distance from conspecific adults, but for Astrocaryum seeds there was no distance dependence. At the scale of 200–400 ha Dipteryx seed survival was negatively related to the number of individuals present in groups of conspecific adult trees. In 1992 a higher proportion of Astrocaryum seedlings survived far from, compared with close to, conspecific adult trees, whilst in 1993 more Dipteryx seedlings survived beneath conspecific adult trees than farther away.
Putative mechanisms of action for indole-3-carbinol in the prevention of colorectal cancer

Background: Multiple factors are known to contribute to the development of cancer and numerous agents have been shown to confer some protection. Diets high in vegetables, especially cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage etc.) provide such protection. Objective: To define the phytonutrients within this group of vegetables and how their chemoprotective properties might be conferred. Methods: Cruciferous vegetables provide the only human dietary source of a class of phytonutrients, the glucosinolates. The glucosinolate breakdown products, which include indole-3-carbinol and sulforaphane, have demonstrated various anticancer actions in laboratory studies. We give a brief overview of current understanding of the chemopreventive pathways for indole-3-carbinol in various human cancers and how this may relate, in particular, to colorectal cancer; the supporting evidence; and our opinion of its anticancer properties. The review is limited by the lack of bioavailability data in humans. Results: Indole-3-carbinol interacts with a multitude of intracellular processes, which may halt tumourgenesis and induce apoptosis.
Candidate Waveforms for ARoF in Beyond 5G

5G mobile networks aim to support a large variety of services with different and demanding requirements. To achieve this, analog radio over fiber (ARoF) fronthaul along with millimeter-wave (mmWave) cells is a strong candidate to be part of the 5G architecture. Very high throughput can be achieved by using mmWave signals due to the large available bandwidths, which combines well with the advantages of employing ARoF technology. Nevertheless, combined mmWave and ARoF systems face a particular challenge as the impacts of both channels—such as high free-space path loss, phase noise, chromatic dispersion, and other degrading effects—affect the signal without the possibility for intermediate restoration. The selection of the signal waveforms plays an important role in reducing these defects. In addition, waveforms are one of the keys in the physical layer available towards satisfying the requirements for 5G and beyond. In this manuscript, several key requirements are presented to determine the merit of candidate waveform formats to fulfill the 5G requirements in the mmWave ARoF architecture. An overview of the different suitable waveforms for this architecture is provided, discussing their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison in terms of different requirements is also presented in this paper.
Correlation analysis between the pre-operative contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters and biological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma and associated risk factors for prognosis after radiofrequency ablation

The present study aimed to assess the correlation between the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) parameters and biological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and identify risk factors of recurrence for the prognosis after radiofrequency ablation. A total of 72 patients with PTC were included. Disease recurrence and metastasis were evaluated based on the imaging performance and laboratory tests. Perfusion parameters were recorded and compared. After biopsy, the tumor tissues were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the expression levels of P53 and Ki67 were detected using immunohistochemistry. The association between the CEUS parameters and the expression of P53 and Ki67 was analyzed. Risk factors for disease recurrence were analyzed using logistic regression. Compared with normal tissues, PTC tissue was characterized by a slow perfusion pattern with no obvious enhancement. The peak time and intensity were lower, while the initial increasing time and mean transit time (MTT) were longer in the PTC tissue. The expression levels of P53 and Ki67 in PTC tissues were associated with age, local infiltration, lymph node metastasis and the number of lesions, but not with gender, tumor size, histological type or degree of differentiation. The initial increasing time, peak time and MTT were negatively correlated, while the peak intensity was positively correlated with the expression of P53 and Ki67 in PTC tissues. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that lymph node metastasis, age, local infiltration, peak intensity and MTT were risk factors for disease recurrence. In conclusion, quantitative CEUS parameters are closely linked to the biological characteristics of PTC and may serve as indicators for the prognosis of patients.
A METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING AND INTERPRETING SOME WEIGHTED PREMIUM PRINCIPLES

We present a method for constructing and interpreting weighted premium principles. The method is based on modifying the underlying risk distribution in such a way that the risk-adjusted expected value (or premium) is greater than the expected value of some conveniently chosen function of claims, which defines the insurer’s perception of the risk. Under some assumptions on the function of claims, the method produces distortion premium principles. We provide several examples under different assumptions on the claim arrival process and different functions of claims, including record claims and kth record claims.
Intrinsic rate of population increase of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae on the ornamental crop gerbera: intraspecific variation in host plant and herbivore

Eight cultivars of the ornamental crop Gerbera jamesonii Bolus (Asteraceae) were compared in host plant suitability for the two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). This was done by determining the intrinsic rate of population increase, rm, of spider mites on leaf discs of plants from each of the cultivars. Large differences in rm values were found, ranging from 0.088/day on cultivar Bianca to 0.242/day on cultivar Sirtaki. This variation in rm was mainly caused by differences in developmental time of the spider mites.
Effects of seasons and environmental conditions on semen quality of Senduro goats reared under tropical climate

A study was carried out to examine the effects of seasons and environmental conditions ambient temperature; AT, relative humidity; RH, temperature-humidity index; THI, and sunshine hours; SH on semen quality of Senduro goats in the tropical climate. A total of 252 ejaculates semen were collected from 3 Senduro bucks from January to December 2017. The semen quality was then evaluated including semen volume VOL , sperm concentration CONC , total sperm output TSO , individual motility IMOT , before freezing motility BFMOT , postthawing motility PTMOT . The acceptance rate of fresh semen ARFS , before freezing semen ARBFS , and postthawing semen ARPTS were also calculated. The results showed the seasons had a significant effect P 0.05 among these groups. Moreover, it was interesting that the maximum PTMOT was achieved at high AT and THI. In conclusion, the rainy season has more preferred ejaculate semen than the dry season, but the semen collection is still acceptable to be carried out throughout the year. This study also suggests that Senduro bucks have good adaptability to tropical conditions.