Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiological stress reactions: Interventions of psychosocial work environment – distress and rehabilitation Physiological stress reactions: Interventions of psychosocial work environment – distress and rehabilitation

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in physiological stress markers as a consequence of workplace reorganization. Moreover, we aimed to investigate changes in the psychosocial work environment (job strain, effort-reward imbalance (ERI)), in psychological distress (stress symptoms, perceived stress) and the association between these factors and changes in physiological stress markers. We used data from a longitudinal study that studied the health consequences of a major reorganization of non-state public offices executed in Denmark on 1 January 2007. Collection of clinical and questionnaire data was in 2006 and 2008, and in this sub-study we included 359 participants employed in five municipality or two county administrations. Since only four out of five municipalities and one out of two counties merged with others, we defined different reorganization groups: 1. Merger group, 2. New job group (participants who got new jobs outside the organization during follow-up), 3. Control group.To reflect stress reactions of the autonomic nervous system, the endocrine system and the immune system, we included 13 physiological markers. We observed significant changes in several physiological stress markers and further, stress symptoms and perceived stress increased significant in the whole study group during workplace
Ecological character displacement in Saharo-Arabian Vulpes: outfoxing Bergmann's rule

The red fox, a widely distributed Holarctic carnivore, exhibits a temperature- and latitude-correlated size gradient in the Palaearctic region, but little change of size in the southern part of its range, in the Saharo-Arabian region, where it is sympatric with a smaller congener, Ruppell's sand fox. The slope of the regression of red fox lower carnassial length against mean ambient temperature in the Saharo-Arabian region is very slight, and differs significantly from the slope in the allopatric zone. This deviation suggests ecological character displacement in the red fox in sympatry with its smaller congener. This hypothesis is enhanced by the existence of constant size ratios (1.18-1.21) between lower carnassial lengths of these two foxes throughout the Saharo-Arabian region, notwithstanding regional fluctuations in overall size. Moreover, in Israel, where the still smaller Blanford's fox exists, the ratios between the means for both lower carnassial length and condylo-basal length of the three sympatric species are remarkably constant. Condylo-basal length and canine diameter ratios between the red fox and Ruppell's sand fox in the different localities studied, while displaying the same general pattern, are considerably less regular than ratios of lower carnassial lengths. We suggest that the length of the carnassials relates directly to the feeding habits of these species, and is therefore the suitable morphological character to use when studying ecological character displacement in this group. The length and shape of the skull is influenced by other functions, as well as by autecological factors. Correlating the size of the red fox with various latitude correlated variables (e.g., ambient temperature) should be accompanied by investigation of its size relationship with congeners.
ENHANCED DIGESTION WITH EXELYSTM DLD — A DIRECT PATHWAY TO A SUSTAINABLE AND COST EFFECTIVE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

There is an increasing need for large wastewater treatment plants to generate as much electricity as possible from biogas. This not only ensures significant operational cost savings, but also improves the environmental profile of the plant. Enhanced digestion through the use of the ExelysTM continuous thermal hydrolysis process has the potential to help a large wastewater treatment plant move towards electrical energy neutrality. This article aims to use a modern European wastewater treatment plant as a case study to investigate the potential advantages an ExelysTM-DLD process could provide. The results indicate that despite already having an effective and efficient digestion process, through implementation of the ExelysTMDLD process, the plant has the potential to cover 65% of its total electrical needs from biogas. This is 33% more than the current situation. When looking to the future, through the optimisation of the wastewater treatment process and the application of the ExelysTM-DLD, large WWTP’s have the potential to be completely electrical energy neutral. This would be a significant financial advantage as electrical prices rise and carbon taxes are enforced.
Preliminary Analysis of Malware Detection in Opcode Sequences within IoT Environment

With the technological development and means of communication, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an essential role in providing many services in daily life through millions of heterogeneous but interconnected devices and nodes. This development is opening to many security and privacy challenges that can cause complete network breakdown, bypassed access control or the loss of critical data. This paper attempts to provide a preliminary analysis for malware detection within data generated by IoT-based devices and services in the form of operational codes (Opcode) sequences. Three machine learning algorithms are evaluated and compared for accuracy, precision, recall and F-measure. The results showed that the Random Forest (RF) achieved the best accuracy of 98%, followed by SVM and k-NN, both with 91%. The results are further analyzed based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Precision-Recall curve to further illustrate the difference in performance of all three algorithms when dealing with IoT data.
Determination of New Axes by Lateral Grafts and Incisions in Corymorpha in Relation to the Gradient and Dominance

Corymorpha palma transplanted into lateral incisions in the stems of other individuals may act as organizers or dominant regions and determine the development of a new hydranth and a longer or shorter stem. In this development the graft itself gives rise only to the distal part of the new hydranth, the hypostome or hypostome plus more or less of the manubrium, the remainder of the hydranth body and the stem arising from the tissues of the host by reorganization under the influence of the graft. In the paper cited above, some evidence was given indicating that the ability of the graft to act as organizer depends to some extent on the level of the body from which it is taken and the level into which it is grafted. It was thought desirable to investigate further this influence of body level on organizing ability, particularly since it seemed to show a relation to the axial gradient. The month of July, 1930, was spent at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in experiment along this line, the results of which are presented below. I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to the director of the Institution, Dr. T. Wayland Vaughan, for again placing at my disposal the facilities of the Institution and so making possible this continuation of earlier work.
The content of nickel, chromium and copper in some plants from polluted and control sites

* Corresponding Author: maza572002@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Heavy metals are some of the most pollutants in urban areas due to vehicle, industry, waste disposal and other human activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate concentrations of nickel, chromium and copper in leaf and root of pine, cypress, plantain and ash from three sites (heavy traffic, moderate traffic and control) in Isfahan, Iran, differentially impacted by pollution. Heavy traffic (Azadi St) and control sites (Sabahi St) had the highest and lowest amount of nickel and copper concentrations, respectively in all studied species. Moderate traffic site (Ahmadabad St) had the highest concentrations of Cr in leaf and root. The highest correlation coefficients between traits were related to Cu in leaf vs. Ni in leaf and Cu in root vs. Ni in root indicating positive influence of leaf and root to absorb these metals from soil, water and air. The order of heavy metal concentration (mg/kg) in plants leaves and roots were found in as follows: Cu>Ni >Cr. The higher Cu, Ni and Cr contents in leaves rather than in roots in all studied sites illustrated a contribution of significant atmospheric deposition. The best accumulator plant species for Ni, Cr and Cu from polluted sites was Pinus eldarica Medw.
Increased resistance to triadimefon and to benomyl in Sphaerotheca fuliginea populations following fungicide usage over one season

Fungicide sensitivity of Sphaerotheca fuliginea was monitored during powdery mildew epidemics in research plots and production fields of pumpkin. Benomyl-resistant isolates (insensitive to 200 μg/ml) were detected in all populations before benomyl was used. The only triadimefon-resistant isolate (insensitive to 100 μg/ml) detected prior to treatment was near triadimefon-treated plants. Populations in nontreated fields did not change appreciably. Fungicide application had a large impact on fungicide resistance. Proportion of resistant isolates in research plots treated four times with triadimefon plus chlorothalonil shifted from 0 to 81% for triadimefon and from 30 to 69% for benomyl between 15 August and 19 September 1991; proportion shifted from 3 to 100% for triadimefon and from 10 to 44% for benomyl between 14 August and 17 September 1992. The shift occurred rapidly: proportion of resistant isolates shifted within 2 weeks from 0 to 96% for triadimefon and from 10 to 74% for benomyl following two applications of triadimefon in a commercial field in August 1992. Most isolates (87%) from fungicide-treated fields tolerated triadimefon at 100 or 200 μg/ml. These were considered triadimefon-resistant because fungicide performance declined during September. However, control was commercially acceptable. Of 122 isolates collected from fungicide-treated pumpkin, one was benomyl-resistant, triadimefon-sensitive; 20 were benomyl-sensitive, triadimefon-resistant; six were sensitive to both fungicides; and 95 were resistant to both with 77 of these insensitive to triadimefon at 200 μg/ml. In contrast, 57 of 92 isolates from nontreated populations were sensitive to both fungicides, none were resistant to both, and 32 were resistant to benomyl.
Numerical Investigation of Bile Secretion and Pressure Rise in Obstructed Human Common Bile Duct

A fully obstructed Common Bile Duct (CBD) could lead to severe implications such as jaundice, cholangitis, and pancreatitis. A 2-D CFD model with the employment of Fluid-structure Interaction (FSI) formulations is established to investigate the interactions of bile with its surroundings. Ascertaining bile secretion against a total CBD obstruction is a major interest of this study. Therefore, a function is assigned to bile secretion pattern such that the resulting intraluminal pressure complies with clinical data. To cover the variation in the parameters representing the mechanical properties of the biliary system as well as bile secretion, specific piecewise ranges are given for each of them and consequently, numerous cases are simulated. Models which after simulation lead to pressure rises in the interval of 700 Pa to 1300 Pa are picked. This interval could roughly include the actual pressure rise of a vast majority of patients. It is determined that among numerous cases, higher distention does not necessarily correlate with higher pressure increase. Furthermore, the effect of alteration in each parameter in pressure rise is determined. This model is the first numerical step towards understanding the pathogenesis of complications resulting from a fully obstructed CBD and deformation of the CBD in general.
Blue light-induced phosphorylation of a plasma membrane protein in pea: A step in the signal transduction chain for phototropism

A 117 kDa polypeptide associated with the plasma membrane isolated from the growing zones of etiolated pea epicotyls is phosphorylated upon a brief exposure to blue light. The literature pertaining to this photosensitive system to date is briefly summarised prior to a short experimental section. In the experimental work the polypeptide has been studied in its non-denatured and denatured state in order to investigate its possible role in blue light-induced signal transduction. The polypeptide has a molecular weight near 117 kDa. Under non-denaturing conditions, following solubilisation in non-ionic detergent, and after electrophoresis, a complex migrating at approximately '335 kDa' still retains the ability to perceive the blue light signal and undergo phosphorylation. This complex is resolved into a phosphorylated protein of approximate molecular mass of 117 kDa by second dimensional analysis on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. It is not at present possible to determine whether this protein is the only one involved or whether two or more different proteins are required for the light-inducible phosphorylation. This reaction has been established elsewhere by genetic and physiological criteria to be an early step in the signal transduction pathway for phototropism. Two other reactions that are inducible in vitro in isolated plasma membranes from etiolated seedings - activation of GTPase activity and reduction of a b-type cytochrome-are almost certainly independent pathways unrelated to the phosphorylation reaction or to each other. Neither has as yet been associated definitively with a known physiological response.
Coronavirus Social Engineering Attacks: Issues and Recommendations

During the current coronavirus pandemic, cybercriminals are exploiting people’s anxieties to steal confidential information, distribute malicious software, perform ransomware attacks and use other social engineering attacks. The number of social engineering attacks is increasing day by day due to people's failure to recognize the attacks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for solutions to help people understand social engineering attacks and techniques. This paper helps individuals and industry by reviewing the most common coronavirus social engineering attacks and provides recommendations for responding to such an attack. The paper also discusses the psychology behind social engineering and introduces security awareness as a solution to reduce the risk of social engineering attacks.
A Type Theoretic Speciﬁcation of Type Inference

This paper presents the complete formalization of type inference for simply-typed lambda calculus, including uniﬁcation, and proves its soundness as well as completeness in the dependently-typed programming language Agda. The formalization clearly shows the interaction between allocation of new metavariables and substitution, something that was not observed in the previous formalizations. After introducing metavariables generically using the two-level types approach by Sheard and Pasalic, we extend McBride’s uniﬁcation algorithm to work on generic data deﬁned in the sum-of-product form. We then deﬁne a type inference function that, given an un-typed term, returns either a proof that the term is untypable or a corresponding well-typed term together with the proof that the inferred type is most general. During the proof development, we introduce a parallel relation between two inequalities, the key relation to keep the proof simple and clear. As a result, we could summarize the soundness of the type inference as typing rules that are intuitively clear but reﬂect all the details of the type inference in Agda.
In silico modelling of RNA-RNA dimer and its application for rational siRNA design and ncRNA target search

Non-protein coding region, which constitutes 98.5% of the human genome, were long depreciated as evolutive relict. It is only recently that the biological relevance of the non-coding RNAs associated with these non-coding regions was recognized. The development of experimental and bioinformatical methods aimed at detecting these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) lead to the discovery of more than 29,000,000 sequences, grouped into more than 1300 families. More often than not these ncRNAs function by binding to other RNAs, either pro- tein coding or non-protein coding. Compared to the number of tools to detect and classify ncRNAs, the number of tools to search for putative RNA binding partners is negligible. This leads to the actual situation where the function of the majority of the annotated ncRNAs genes is completely unknown. The aim of this work is to assess the function of different families of ncRNAs by developing new algorithms and methods to study RNA-RNA interactions. These new methods are extensions of RNA-folding algorithms applied to the problem of RNA- RNA interactions. Depending on the class of ncRNA studied, different methods were developed and tested. This work shows that the development of RNA-folding algorithms to study RNA- RNA interactions is a promising way to functionally annotate ncRNAs. Still other factors like RNA-proteins interaction, RNA-concentration or RNA-expression, play an important role in the process of RNA hybridization and will have to be taken into account in future works in order to achieve reliable prediction of RNA binding partners.
Title: Beyond Pass-Fail: Examining the Potential Utility of Two Thresholds in the Autism Screening Process Running Title: Two Thresholds in Autism Screening

Access to early intervention as early in development as possible is critical to maximizing long-term outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, despite the fact that ASD can be reliably diagnosed by 24 months, the average age of diagnosis is two years later. Waitlists for specialized developmental evaluations are one barrier to early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to examine one potential approach to reducing wait time for an ASD diagnostic evaluation by examining the utility of using more than one threshold for an autism screening tool, the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT). Participants included 171 children between 24 and 36 months of age who received a medical diagnostic evaluation through Illinois’ Early Intervention Program. This study directly compared the performance of the STAT when scored: (a) using the original single threshold, (b) using seven equally weighted items using a single threshold, and (c) using all items differentially weighted based on how strongly that item predicts a later ASD diagnosis. In addition, this study explored the potential utility of using two thresholds rather than a single threshold for each scoring method. Results of this study suggest that using a two-threshold logistic regression method has potential psychometric advantages over a single threshold and categorical scoring. Using this approach may reduce the wait time for specialty ASD diagnostic evaluations by maximizing true negatives and true positives, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex.
Machine Learning Techniques for Sentiment Analysis of movie reviews

In this smart world, every person has a chance to express their opinion in a digital way. Earlier, if a business executive wants to get feedback from the customer, he would have to find a means to know it from the customer directly. But with the explosion of social media, anyone today can express their views about anything in an unconstrained and freeway. In this paper, Naive Bayes and KNN models are developed to find the sentiments of people writing reviews with a goal of understanding the opinions of the public on a movies. Also, the emotions of people associated with different comments and their corresponding percentages have been calculated. The performance and accuracy of Naïve Bayes model is significantly good.
A Coupled Discrete Unified Gas-Kinetic Scheme for Convection Heat Transfer in Porous Media

In this paper, the discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme (DUGKS) is extended to the convection heat transfer in porous media at representative elementary volume (REV) scale, where the changes of velocity and temperature fields are described by two kinetic equations. The effects from the porous medium are incorporated into the method by including the porosity into the equilibrium distribution function, and adding a resistance force in the kinetic equation for the velocity field. The proposed method is systematically validated by several canonical cases, including the mixed convection in porous channel, the natural convection in porous cavity, and the natural convection in a cavity partially filled with porous media. The numerical results are in good agreement with the benchmark solutions and the available experimental data. It is also shown that the coupled DUGKS yields a second-order accuracy in both temporal and spatial spaces. AMS subject classifications: 82B40, 76S05, 76E06
Analysis of Natural Frequency Changes in Palm Trees Caused by Geometric and Morphologic Aspects

Tree is an important part of urban ecology. However, the condition of trees from time to time should be routinely observed in order to avoid the case of falling trees that often take casualties. There are several types of tree defects that can trigger the fall of a tree, such as decay, cancer, crack, etc. So far, there have been several methods to detect such defects as an early indicator of tree condition, for example by acoustic tomography, intrusive indentation, etc. In this study, a detection method is proposed by using natural frequency analysis (modal analysis) of a tree. The selected tree is palm tree. As an initial step, an analysis is required to determine the changes occurring in the natural frequency of palm trees that are affected by, 1) geometric aspects, such as diameter and tree height, 2) morphological aspects, such as the presence or absence of decay and its position on the tree. Natural frequency analysis is done with the help of FEM software. The result shows that the change in natural frequency is not very significant, in the range of 10% to 11%. Therefore, to be able to identify the condition of a tree, further research is needed. Abstrak. Pohon merupakan bagian penting dari ekologi perkotaan. Namun, kondisi pohon dari waktu ke waktu harus rutin diamati agar tidak terjadi kasus pohon tumbang yang seringkali memakan korban. Ada beberapa tipe kerusakan pohon yang bisa memicu tumbangnya suatu pohon, seperti kelapukan, kanker, keretakan (crack), dll. Selama ini, sudah ada beberapa metode untuk mendeteksi kerusakan-kerusakan tersebut sebagai indikator awal kondisi pohon, misalnya dengan acoustic tomography, intrusive indentation, dll. Pada penelitian ini, diajukan suatu metode deteksi menggunakan analisis frekuensi alamiah (modal analysis) suatu pohon. Pohon yang dipilih adalah pohon Palem. Sebagai tahap awal, diperlukan analisis untuk mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi pada frekuensi alamiah pohon Palem yang dipengaruhi oleh, 1) aspek geometris, seperti diameter dan tinggi pohon, dan 2) aspek morfologis, seperti ada tidaknya kelapukan dan keretakan, dan posisinya pada pohon. Analisis frekuensi alamiah dilakukan dengan bantuan software FEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan besaran frekuensi alamiah tidak terlalu signifikan dengan adanya kerusakan pada suatu pohon. Perubahan yang terjadi hanya di sekitar 10% sampai 11%, sehingga untuk dapat mendeteksi kondisi pohon dengan analisis frekuensi alamiah diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: vibrasi, modal analysis, pohon, condition monitoring © 2017. BKSTM-Indonesia. All rights reserved