Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel Annulated Heterocycles Based on the Indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole Scaffold

The field of organic electronics has seen an evolution from basic research to the emergence of sophisticated commercially available devices in just a few decades. This rapid development, especially in the field of organic light emitting diodes, was possible owing to tremendous efforts in research and the development of new organic materials with better functionality. In the 1980s the first organic light emitting devices sparked enough interest to kickstart a whole research field even though they lacked the efficiencies to compete with their inorganic counterparts. With the development of phosphorescent emitters, which allow for a theoretical quantum efficiency of 100%, a high demand for new and better host materials emerged. In a quest for a balanced and fast transport of electrons as well as holes in those host materials, bipolar molecules are a promising group of components. Based on established triarylamine donor subunits, our research group recently introduced the fully planar indolo[3,2,1jk]carbazole (ICz) as a novel building block, using a new CH activation protocol. Characterization of this particular molecular scaffold revealed weak acceptor characteristics of the ICz moiety. In previous works this tendency was increased by the introduction of pyridinelike nitrogen atoms into the aromatic system. The goal of this thesis was to reverse this trend and develop donor building blocks based on the ICz scaffold via the incorporation of electron rich thiophene. Also, a fine tuning of the energy levels depending on the positioning of the sulfur atom was matter of interest. Electron rich building block base on the ICz scaffold Furthermore, the possibility to incorporate the ICz moiety into larger annulated systems was explored, owing to a high triplet energy (ET) and thermal stability of the ICz building block.
Sensitivity analysis of intervertebral disc parameters

The range of possibilities to investigate the biomechanical behavior of human biological structures is manifold. The classical investigation methods such as e.g. experimental studies and image processing are complemented by the biomechanical computer modeling. These different investigation methods represent their own fields of research, but a comparison of the results can be used to validate the applied method. Also explored material properties of different structures can be used, for example in the computer modeling, as input parameters. In order to ensure a realistic modeling, the knowledge of the influence of the structure-specific parameters on the biomechanical behavior of the entire model system is required. Especially the biomechanics of the intervertebral discs is seen in the literature as a central component of a spine model. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the impact of an input parameter variation is necessary. By means of a multibody simulation (MBS) model of the human lumbar spine, the impact of modified disc stiffness onto the spinal structures has been investigated. The used stiffness values are obtained from published literature. The model takes the biomechanical properties of the spinal structures such as the intervertebral discs, the fact joint and the ligamental structures into account and has been validated by comparing the results with results from appropriate literature. To analyze the effects of different input parameters variations on the biomechanical behavior of spinal structures, the upright standing is simulated. This research project shows that the implementation of different input parameters don’t necessarily lead to massive changes of the biomechanical behavior of the structures in which the input parameter has been varied, but may have a greater influence on other modeled structures.
Estrous synchronization and conception rate following insulin modified Co-synch protocol in postpartum anestrus cows

Negative energy balance in high producing cows reduces insulin and insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and delays onset of estrous cycle. Under Indian conditions the addition of insulin in the co-sync protocol was not studied in detail. Twelve pluriparous crossbred cows were selected and equally divided into two groups I and II. All the cows were treated with 10 µg of GnRH injection on day 0, 500 µg of PGF2α on day 7 and another 10 µg of GnRH 48 h after PGF2α (day 9) and timed artificial insemination (TAI) was done on day 9 and 10. Cows from group II were injected with insulin (0.2 I.U/ kg bwt) subcutaneously on day 0, 1 and 2 of the experiment. Higher intensity and longer duration of estrum was observed in cows from group II. The ovulation rate was higher in group I cows (83.33 vs. 50.00 per cent) however, no significant difference in conception rate was observed. The concentration of progesterone was slightly lower on day 7 after AI in group II. The concentration of estrogen up to estrum was higher in cows which became pregnant and a significant decline on day 7 and 45 after AI. The concentration of IGF-I was lower during estrum in cows which ovulated. (149.21±16.72 vs. 175.99±25.39 ng/ml). Among the cows which became pregnant the concentration of IGF-I was higher during estrum, day 7 and 45 after AI. Ovulatory responses were effectively turned into pregnancy in insulin injected postpartum anestrum cows, the protocol can utilized under field condition.
The Effects of Sodium Humate and Aflatoxin B 1 on Body Weight of Broiler

Of all animals, the poultry is a type that is particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of aflatoxin from contaminated feed. However, among fowl there is wide variability in specific species sensitivity to these mycotoxins. Comparative toxicological studies in avian species have shown that ducklings and turkey poults are the most sensitive species to aflatoxins, quails show intermediate sensitivity, whereas chickens are the most resistant (Diaz et al. 2008). The aflatoxins are a group of secondary metabolites produced by certain strains of fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus species (Pittet, 1998; Denli and Okan, 2006). While there are a number of aflatoxins such as B1, G1, B2, G2, aflatoxin B1 is the most prevalent and highly hepatotoxic and carcinogenic in both human and animals (Williams et al. 2004; Denli et al. 2004; Sadeghi et al. 2013). The aflatoxins B1, G1, B2, and G2 are structurally similar secondary fungal metabolites that can be produced by Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus (Rauber et al. 2007). Avoidance of contaminated feed is rarely feasible and feeds that contain relatively low concentrations of AFB1 may still have deleterious effects on sensitive species such as poultry. Poultry are suggested to be the species The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of dietary natural sorbent-sodium humate (HuNa) on the prevention of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in the broiler chicken. Seventy-two (72) broiler hybrid Hybro birds were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (G1) and 3 experimental groups (G2-G4) with addition of HuNa (G2); only AFB1 (G3) and HuNa; and AFB1 (G4). HuNa was added to a complete feed mixture daily for broiler chicks (1 g HuNa/100 g feed mixture) and AFB1 at the concentration of 25 g.kg of b.w. Parameters evaluated were body weight and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). AFB1 and HuNa were applied for broilers from 28 days of age. Statistically significant decrease activity of ALP (P≤0.05) was recorded in group G3 of broilers from day 42 and 56 of age onwards in comparison to group G1. However, statistically increased activity of ALP (P≤0.05) was observed in group G4 in comparison to control group G1. The body weight of broilers was lower by about 180 g after exposure to AFB1 (G3) compared to control (G1). Also, the addition of HuNa increased the body weight of broilers by about 26.67 g at the end of the experiment in comparison to control group. Statistically significant increase (P≤0.001) in body weight was recorded for group G3 and G4 on 56 day of age, compared to 28 days. The results of our experiment showed that HuNa has a positive effect on the growth of broilers. And it could have been a suitable natural supplement for growing broilers against the adverse effects of aflatoxins.
Sustainable Suppliers’ Selection in Ready-Made Garments: Toward Sustainable Manufacturing

Sustainability in Supply Chain has become a significant concern for manufacturing firms which integrates economic, environmental and social issues. In order to achieve sustainability in manufacturing operations, all stages of an organization's supply chain need to be incorporated towards sustainability, in other words, manufacturers firms that are willing to achieve sustainability must be aware of their partners’ sustainable responsibility and practicing. The procurement of sustainable components must be practiced through dealing with eligible sustainable suppliers which considered being a key factor to achieve sustainable manufacturing. Therefore, suppliers play an important role in sustainable manufacturing which lead to sustainable supply chain. The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the suppliers’ selection criteria that must be followed in Ready Made Garments (RMG) manufacturing companies in order to achieve sustainable manufacturing which is highly recommended in the EU market as a large buyer from Egypt, these criteria will be evaluated among six different suppliers in Egypt to measure to what extend do these suppliers engage to such sustainable criteria.
Bayesian Persuasion with Lie Detection

We consider a model of Bayesian persuasion in which the Receiver can detect lies with positive probability. We show that the Sender lies more when the lie detection probability increases. As long as the lie detection probability is sufficiently small the Sender's and the Receiver's equilibrium payoffs are unaffected by the lie detection technology because the Sender simply compensates by lying more. When the lie detection probability is sufficiently high, the Sender's (Receiver's) equilibrium payoff decreases (increases) with the lie detection probability.
Immunohistochemical Expression of EGFR, NF-kB and Cyclin D1 in Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP), a benign epithelial growth in the sinonasal region with epidermoid epithelial transformation, has been known for its invasiveness, recurrency, and its link with malignancy. Meanwhile sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) is an epithelial malignancy on squamous cells from the sinonasal region. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB), and Cyclin D1 are factors those might play important role in proliferation of SIP and SSCC. This research was conducted to investigate the expressions of EGFR, NF-kB and Cyclin D1 in SIP and SSCC. METHODS: A cross-sectional study by examining the EGFR, NF-kB, and Cyclin D1 immunohistochemical expressions of SIP and SSCC was conducted. Subjects whose blocks were used in this research, were diagnosed as SIP and SSCC at the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital. Samples were selected, processed for inmmunohistochemistry, evaluated and statistical analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-four SIP and 9 SSCC subjects with their paraffin blocks were selected. Clear immunohistochemical expressions of EGFR, NF-kB, and Cyclin D1 were observed for both SIP and SSCC. Significantly higher immunostaining levels of EGFR (45.6%, p =0.001) and NF-kB (42.2%, p =0.013) were observed in SSCC. Immunostaining levels of EGFR vs. NF-kB were moderately correlated ( p =0.03, r=0.437), while the immunostaining levels of NF-kB vs. Cyclin D1 were strongly correlated ( p =0.002, r=0.602). CONCLUSION: Expression of EGFR and NF-kB in SSCC were higher than the EGFR and NF-kB expression in SIP, suggesting that EGFR and NF-kB play important role in sinonasal malignancy. KEYWORDS: sinonasal, inverted papilloma, SCC, EGFR, NF-kB, Cyclin D1
Analysing landslides spatial distribution using GIS. Case study: Someşan Plateau

Landslides represent one of the most important hazardous geomorphological phenomena in the Someşan Plateau. Geographically this unit it is positioned on the north-western part of the Transylvanian Basin. For the landslides distribution analysis, we used five criteria: geology, slope, altitude, exposition and the local administrative units. We must have this type of studies, on one hand to find out how the current landslides are distributed, and on the other hand to identify the areas which are prone to this type of hazardous geomorphological phenomena. By investigating the study area’s ortophotoplans and topographic maps, 1892 landslides were vectorized to create a landslide inventory map. The study shows that lithologic conditions (the presence of friable rocks such as marls, clays, sand) and the land use (mostly agricultural lands) are the most defining factors for landslide to develop, it is believed that in the future landslides will appear on similar slope, orientation and geological conditions etc. In this situation, knowing the susceptible areas to landslides is beneficial for the territorial planning actions and also to avoid the building and rising other civil engineering constructions on lands which are prone to landslides.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUPERVISION AND JOB SATISFACTION AMONG PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN NAKURU WEST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

Overwhelming pressure to perform in the absence of support might explain public secondary school teachers’ lack of satisfaction with their work. Nevertheless, while supervision is an important aspect of educational management as it can enhance the quality of educational organizations, development of staff is key to better supervision. In this paper, the authors seek to examine the relationship between supervision practices and job satisfaction of teachers in public secondary schools in Nakuru West Sub-County. The study, which is guided by Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, adopted a correlation research design, and was carried out in Nakuru West Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya. The study targeted 326 teachers drawn from 9 public secondary schools in Nakuru West Sub-County. A sample size of 150 respondents obtained using stratified random sampling was used for the study. Data for the study was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The findings indicate that supervision practices (β = 0.125, p = 0.197 ˃ p = 0.05) have no significant association with job satisfaction; and, therefore, does not influence job satisfaction. The study recommends that the school management should pay more attention to their supervision practices and try to create a rapport with their teaching staff to enable them address issues regarding appraisals in their work. Article visualizations:
Asymmetric Polarization and Asymmetric Models: Democratic and Republican Interpretations of Electoral Dynamics PRELIMINARY DRAFT

This paper argues that Republican office-holders have become more ideologically extreme than Democrats in part because Democratic and Republican elites rely on electoral narratives that imply different models of the electoral process. While many Democratic narratives resemble the basic premise of the Downsian spatial model and its pressure towards ideological centrism, popular Republican narratives suggest at least four alternative models. In particular, a model derived from Phyllis Schlafly’s A Choice Not An Echo suggests that Republicans electoral fortunes improve if they to move to the right, not towards anything resembling a center, and narratives constructed around Ronald Reagan encourage belief in such a model. Such divergence in conceptual models at the elite level can lead to asymmetric polarization among office-holders. Paper prepared for delivery at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL.
Quartic spline collocation for fourth-order boundary value problems

We consider the numerical solution of linear fourth-order boundary value problems (BVPs) in one and two dimensions, by methods based on quartic splines and the collocation methodology. The discretization error is sixth order on the gridpoints and midpoints of a uniform partition and fifth order globally in the uniform norm. For the linear systems arising from the discretization of certain biharmonic problems by quartic spline collocation, we develop fast solvers based on Fourier transforms, leading to asymptotically almost optimal solution techniques.
Enhancement of biogas production from cattle dung using additive

Biogas is a clean, environmental friendly and renewable form of energy generated by anaerobic degradation of organic materials. The biogas production decreases drastically in winter probably due to decrease in temperature, which in turn decreases the dehydrogenase activity as observed in biogas slurry. Thus, it becomes necessity to find out some additive/ stimulant capable of enhancing biogas production. Jaggery is a good source of carbon and energy. It can stimulate the metabolic activity of micro flora. Therefore, in the present investigation jaggery was used as an additive for enhancement of biogas production from cattle dung under batch anaerobic digestion. Cattle dung (3 kg) was mixed with 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g jaggery respectively on dry weight basis in different digesters each having 5 litres capacity and digested for nine weeks with temperature varied from 12 to 24oC. The maximum biogas production (40.0 l/kg), highest volumetric biogas production (0.480 l/l/d) and maximum degradation of TS (27.2%) and VS (30.8%) was observed with supplementation of cattle dung with 40 g jaggery in batch anaerobic digestion.
A comparative study of immune, growth and health status of primiparous and multiparous Murrah buffaloes calves

The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of parity of Murrah buffaloes on immune, growth and health status in their calves. For this study 14 Murrah buffaloes newly born calves were selected from the Livestock Research Centre of National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, (Haryana) and were divided in to 2 groups (7 in each) based on the parity of their dams (primiparous and multiparous). Their blood samples were collected after calving on day 2nd, 7th, 28th, 42nd and 56th for estimation of total immunoglobulin concentration by Zinc sulphate turbidity test. The Mean±SE of total immunoglobulin concentration on day 2nd, 7th, 42nd and 56th after birth in calves borne to primiparous and multiparous Murrah buffaloes were 29.65±1.28 vs 33.93±1.47, 23.10±0.61 vs 29.98±0.96, 25.29±1.20 vs 27.21±1.45 and 28.39±0.75 vs 31.28±1.09 respectively. The total immunoglobulin concentration was significantly (P
Boosting lexical support does not enhance lexically guided perceptual learning.

A challenge for listeners is to learn the appropriate mapping between acoustics and phonetic categories for an individual talker. Lexically guided perceptual learning (LGPL) studies have shown that listeners can leverage lexical knowledge to guide this process. For instance, listeners learn to interpret ambiguous /s/-/∫/ blends as /s/ if they have previously encountered them in /s/-biased contexts like epi? ode. Here, we examined whether the degree of preceding lexical support might modulate the extent of perceptual learning. In Experiment 1, we first demonstrated that perceptual learning could be obtained in a modified LGPL paradigm where listeners were first biased to interpret ambiguous tokens as one phoneme (e.g., /s/) and then later as another (e.g., /∫/). In subsequent experiments, we tested whether the extent of learning differed depending on whether targets encountered predictive contexts or neutral contexts prior to the auditory target (e.g., epi? ode). Experiment 2 used auditory sentence contexts (e.g., "I love The Walking Dead and eagerly await every new . . ."), whereas Experiment 3 used written sentence contexts. In Experiment 4, participants did not receive sentence contexts but rather saw the written form of the target word (episode) or filler text (＃＃＃＃＃＃＃＃) prior to hearing the critical auditory token. While we consistently observed effects of context on in-the-moment processing of critical words, the size of the learning effect was not modulated by the type of context. We hypothesize that boosting lexical support through preceding context may not strongly influence perceptual learning when ambiguous speech sounds can be identified solely from lexical information. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Study the performance, suitability and economics of Cari-Nirbheek under backyard poultry farming in Koderma district of Jharkhand, India

The present investigation is about the Front Line Demonstrations (FLD) conducted at farmer’s field on backyard poultry by Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) - Koderma, Jharkhand, India. The impact of training on poultry farming was significant high and average knowledge score of the trainees increased from 3.22 to 8.58. The performance of dual purpose strain CARI-Nirbheek was better under backyard poultry farming. The overall mean body weight, the mean eggs production were significantly (P≤0.05) higher in CARI-Nirbheek birds than native birds. The overall mortality rate of CARI-Nirbheek birds were significant lower (P≤0.05) than native birds. The benefit cost ratio of rearing in CARI-Nirbheek was recorded 1: 3.01 per family. The income of small, marginal and landless poultry farmers were increased due to rearing of CARI-Nirbheek birds under backyard through low input and high output venture within a very short span of time. CARI-Nirbheek is one of the promising dual purpose strains of poultry, which can be popularized in rural areas of Koderma.
A Review of Control Scheme for a Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion System

Wind energy is taken into account to be one amongst the proved technologies. In this project to confirm continuous provider of power appropriate storage technology is employed as backup. A charge managementler for battery bank is developed supported MPPT logic control to confirm controlled charging and discharging of battery. The management schemes are integrated and also the effectiveness is valid by testing it with varied load and wind profiles in MATLAB/SIMULNIK. gift energy want greatly depends on the standard sources. however the inadequate accessibility and steady increase within the value of typical sources has shifted the main focus toward renewable sources of energy. Of the accessible different sources of energy, wind energy is taken into account to be one amongst the verified technologies.