Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unemployment Volatility in a Behavioural Search Model

Recent evidence that the opportunity cost of employment is pro cyclical implies that existing models based around search frictions in the labour market cannot match the large volatilities of unemployment and vacancies observed in the data. In this paper, we incorporate insights from behavioural economics into the search frictions framework. The resultant model can match observed volatilities even if the opportunity cost is strongly pro cyclical. The key mechanism in the model is that the pro-cyclicality of the opportunity cost has a limited impact on the reference wage of workers ; this feeds through into a limited volatility of the wage and so to a large unemployment volatility
Primary metaphors: Importance as size and weight in a comparative perspective

ABSTRACT This is a linguistic study of two primary metaphors with the same target-domain concept, “IMPORTANCE IS SIZE” and “IMPORTANCE IS WEIGHT,” in English and Chinese. It is suggested that these two primary metaphors are derived from the OBJECT image schema, abstracted from our embodied, sensorimotor experience, especially our visual and tactile perception, in dealing with physical objects in everyday life. The study focuses on size and weight adjectives in both languages and on linguistic evidence in two areas: their lexicalizations of the importance senses as found in the dictionaries, and their roles in the instantiation of the two primary metaphors in natural discourse as found in the corpora. Our further analysis also shows that the primary metaphors can be manifested without explicit use of size and weight words when relevant conceptual frames in the source, evoked by other words or images, are mapped onto the target domain, thus activating the relevant region of our encyclopedic knowledge and triggering off the primary metaphors in our conceptual system. We also construct a hypothetical mapping scheme for primary metaphors based on the OBJECT image schema, in which OBJECT is mapped onto its target via three of its fundamental dimensions: SIZE, WEIGHT, and SOLIDITY. It is hoped that this mapping scheme will benefit future comparative studies of primary metaphors across languages and cultures in a more systematic way.
LATERALIZED PRINT-TUNING AMONG DYSLEXIC STUDENTS 2

Despite their ample reading experience higher-educa tion students with dyslexia still show deficits in reading and reading-related skills. Lateralized print-tuning, the early sensitivity to print of the left parietal cortex signalled by the N1 event-rela t d potential (ERP) component, differs between beginning dyslexic readers and controls. For adults the findings are mixed. The present study aims to investigate whether print-tuning, as indexe d by the N1 component, differs between 24 students with dyslexia and 15 non-dyslexic controls . Since handedness has been linked to lateralization, first a separate analysis was condu cted including only right-handed participants (n = 12 in both groups), like in most previous studies . ERPs were measured during a judgement task, requiring visual, phonological, or semantic j udgments. In both groups the N1 was earlier and stronger in the left then in the right hemisphe re. However, when only strongly right-handed participants were evaluated, the N1 was less left-l ateralized for participants with dyslexia as compared to controls. Participants with dyslexia ha d longer reaction times during the ERPexperiment, and performed worse on many reading (-r elated) tasks. These findings suggest that abnormal print-tuning can still be found among high er-education students with dyslexia, and that handedness should be regarded in the study of print -tuning.
Prospects for German Post-War Single Family Home Neighborhoods. Case Studies in Five Western German Federal States

Suggested citation: Berndgen-Kaiser, A. (2016): Prospects for German Single Family Post-War Neighbohoods. In: Kadono; Y. ; Beilein, A. ; Polívka, J.; Reicher, C. (Eds.): Maturity and Regeneration of Residential Areas in Metropolitan Regions Trends, Interpretations and Strategies in Japan and Germany. city & region, vol. 2. Dortmund, pp. 146-168 1 The ILS, Research Institute for Regional and Urban Development, conducted a research project in collaboration with IREUS, the Stuttgart Institute of Regional Development Planning, and HFT the Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences to analyze the future viability of housing estates built from the 1950s to the 1970s in Germany. It was funded by the Wüstenrot Foundation. 1. Abstract
On protein quality control, myofibrillar myopathies, and neurodegeneration

Aims: A characteristic of polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases is the increased propensity of disease proteins to aggregate, which is thought to be a major contributing factor to the underlying neurodegeneration. Healthy cells contain mechanisms for handling protein damage, the protein quality control (PQC), which must be impaired or inefficient to permit proteotoxicity under pathological conditions. Methods: We used a quantitative analysis of immunohistochemical stainings of the pons of 8 patients with the polyQ disorder SCA3. We employed the anti– polyglutamine antibody 1C2, antibodies against p62 that is involved in delivering ubiquitinated protein aggregates to autophagosomes, antibodies against the chaperones HSPA1A and DNAJB1 and the proteasomal stress marker UBB +1 . Results: The 1C2 antibody stained Neuronal Nuclear Inclusions (NNI), Diffuse Nuclear Staining (DNS), Granular Cytoplasmic Staining (GCS) and combinations, with reproducible distribution. P62 always colocalized with 1C2 in NNI. DNS and GCS co-stained with a lower frequency. UBB +1 was present in a subset of neurons with NNI. A subset of UBB +1 containing neurons displayed increased levels of HSPA1A, while DNAJB1 was sequestered into the NNI. Conclusion: Based on our results, we propose a model for the aggregation associated pathology of SCA3: GCS and DNS aggregation likely represents early stages of pathology, which progresses towards formation of p62 positive NNI. A fraction of NNI exhibits UBB +1 staining, implying proteasomal overload at a later stage. Subsequently, the stress inducible HSPA1A is elevated while DNAJB1 is recruited into NNIs. This indicates that the stress response is only induced late when all endogenous PQC systems have failed.
A pr 2 01 8 On Bivariate Discrete Weibull Distribution

Recently, Lee and Cha (2015, ‘On two generalized classes of discrete bivariate distributions’, American Statistician, 221 230) proposed two general classes of discrete bivariate distributions. They have discussed some general properties and some specific cases of their proposed distributions. In this paper we have considered one model, namely bivariate discrete Weibull distribution, which has not been considered in the literature yet. The proposed bivariate discrete Weibull distribution is a discrete analogue of the Marshall-Olkin bivariate Weibull distribution. We study various properties of the proposed distribution and discuss its interesting physical interpretations. The proposed model has four parameters, and because of that it is a very flexible distribution. The maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters cannot be obtained in closed forms, and we have proposed a very efficient nested EM algorithm which works quite well for discrete data. We have also proposed augmented Gibbs sampling procedure to compute Bayes estimates of the unknown parameters based on a very flexible set of priors. Two data sets have been analyzed to show how the proposed model and the method work in practice. We will see that the performances are quite satisfactory. Finally, we conclude the paper.
Laser-induced Microplasma as Effective Tool for Phase Elements Fabrication on Amorphous and Crystalline Materials

Surface precision processing of Iceland spar and fused silica is shown experimentally by laserinduced microplasma action. The optimal regimes allowed to control the relief depth up to ~14 μm with the step of 50 nm are achieved and discussed. Two types of optical elements (random phase plate and spiral phase plate) are fabricated and tested in laser setups, to change initial intensity distribution (Gaussian) to flat-top and annular, consequently. Flap-top distribution characterized by low speckle modulation, i.e. high quality. The annular distribution corresponds to classical concepts.
MicroRNA-10 b inhibits proliferation , migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells via direct targeting of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor

MicroRNAs are deregulated in numerous types of human cancers and have crucial roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of human cancers. MicroRNA-10b (miR-10b) has been studied in several types of human cancer. However, the expression and roles of miR-10b in cervical cancer remain unknown. In the present study, the expression, functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-10b were explored in cervical cancer. The present data revealed that miR-10b was significantly downregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. In addition, miR-10b overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells, while miR-10b under-expression had the opposite effect. Based on bioinformatics analysis, a luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF‐1R) was identified as a direct target of miR‐10b in cervical cancer. In addition, IGF-1R small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of IGF-1R also inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-10b serves an important role in cervical cancer progression by targeting IGF-1R.
Adaptability through Spatial Management

This paper analyses the forms and adaptability of the assignment and management of farm territories in mountain areas of the French Massif Central, where permanent grassland and cattle farming predominate. The spatial management of 33 farms, and its links with cattle management and other farming system conditions, were investigated. In-depth analyses of four of those farms are presented. The case studies confirm the role of known factors influencing land use, but also reveal that more complex and interrelated factors, such as equipment, labour and buildings, affect the spatial management of farms. Spatial management emerges as a key element in the fodder security of the system.
Testing Hopkins’ Bioclimatic Law with PhenoCam data

Premise of the Study We investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation phenology with phenometrics derived from PhenoCam imagery. Specifically, we evaluated the Bioclimatic Law proposed by Hopkins, which relates phenological transitions to latitude, longitude, and elevation. Methods “Green‐up” and “green‐down” dates—representing the start and end of the annual cycles of vegetation activity—were estimated from measures of canopy greenness calculated from digital repeat photography. We used data from 65 deciduous broadleaf (DB) forest sites, 18 evergreen needleleaf (EN) forest sites, and 21 grassland (GR) sites. Results DB green‐up dates were well correlated with mean annual temperature and varied along spatial gradients consistent with the Bioclimatic Law. Interannual variation in DB phenology was most strongly associated with temperature anomalies during a relatively narrow window of time. EN phenology was not well correlated with either climatic factors or spatial gradients, but similar to DB phenology, interannual variation was most closely associated with temperature anomalies. For GR sites, mean annual precipitation explained most of the spatial variation in the duration of vegetation activity, whereas both temperature and precipitation anomalies explained interannual variation in phenology. Discussion PhenoCam data provide an objective and consistent means by which spatial and temporal patterns in vegetation phenology can be investigated.
Elucidating the Host Interactome of EV-A71 2C Reveals Viral Dependency Factors

Viral protein 2C plays a critical role in EV-A71 replication. The discovery of 2C binding proteins will likely provide potential targets to treat EV-A71 infection. Here, we provide a global proteomic analysis of the human proteins that interact with the EV-A71 2C protein. TRIM4, exportin2, and ARFGAP1 were validated as 2C binding partners. Further functional studies revealed that TRIM4, exportin2, and ARFGAP1 were novel host dependency factors for EV-A71. Moreover, enteroviruses’ 2C family proteins interacted with exportin2 and ARFGAP1. In conclusion, our study provides a cellular interactome of the EV-A71 2C and identifies the proviral roles of TRIM4, exportin2, and ARFGAP1 in EV-A71 infection.
A Multi-Dimensional Pluralist Response to the DSM-Controversies

Psychiatric classification is highly controversial, as could be witnessed again with the latest revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). These controversies comprise multiple kinds of critiques by a variety of actors. It is unlikely that all these issues will be overcome by one perfect solution in the future. Rather, it is precisely the DSM’s “one-size-fits-all-approach” that lies at the root of many of the current problems. To restore the scientific and public credibility of psychiatric classification, a multi-dimensional pluralist response is thus needed: (1) theoretical pluralism, meaning a promotion of different research projects and heuristic strategies, (2) taxonomic pluralism, which allows for different classifications used in research versus clinical practice, and (3) participatory pluralism, which concerns the diversity of perspectives and stakeholders in DSM-revisions.
Three in a Box: Understanding Cardiomyocyte, Fibroblast, and Innate Immune Cell Interactions to Orchestrate Cardiac Repair Processes

Following an insult by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, complex cellular, and molecular interactions determine a successful recovery or inadequate repair of damaged tissue. The efficiency of this process is particularly important in the heart, an organ characterized by very limited regenerative and repair capacity in higher adult vertebrates. Cardiac insult is characteristically associated with fibrosis and heart failure, as a result of cardiomyocyte death, myocardial degeneration, and adverse remodeling. Recent evidence implies that resident non-cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts but also macrophages -pillars of the innate immunity- form part of the inflammatory response and decisively affect the repair process following a cardiac insult. Multiple studies in model organisms (mouse, zebrafish) of various developmental stages (adult and neonatal) combined with genetically engineered cell plasticity and differentiation intervention protocols -mainly targeting cardiac fibroblasts or progenitor cells-reveal particular roles of resident and recruited innate immune cells and their secretome in the coordination of cardiac repair. The interplay of innate immune cells with cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes is emerging as a crucial platform to help our understanding and, importantly, to allow the development of effective interventions sufficient to minimize cardiac damage and dysfunction after injury.
Acute and chronic effects of morphine on Low-Mg2+ ACSF-induced epileptiform activity during infancy in mice hippocampal slices

Interaction of morphine and seizure is complex. Mouse brain hippocampal slices were used to estimate how acute and chronic morphine treatment alters the low-magnesium artificial cerebrospinal fluid (LM-ACSF)-induced seizure activity. Hippocampal slices were taken from the normal and morphine-treated mice. The normal mice received saline while the other group (morphine-treated mice) received morphine daily for 5 consecutive days. Saline/morphine administration was performed subcutaneously (s.c, 0.1 mL) at postnatal days 14-18. Hippocampal slices of all animals were perfused with LM-ACSF followed by different morphine concentrations (0, 10, 100, and 1000 μM) or naloxone (10 μM). Changes in the spike count were considered as indices for quantifying the seizure activity in the slices. In hippocampus of both groups perfused with 10 or 1000 μM morphine, epileptiform activity was suppressed while it was potentiated at 100 μM morphine. The excitatory effect of morphine at 100 μM was stronger in normal mice (acute exposure) than in dependent mice (chronic exposure). Naloxone suppressed the epileptiform activities in both groups. Suppressive effect of naloxone was more significant in morphine-treated mice than in normal mice. The seizure activity in morphine-dependent mice was more labile than that of normal mice. It can be concluded that morphine had a biphasic effect on LM-ACSF-induced epileptiform activities in both groups. The occurrence of seizure was comparable in acute and chronic exposure of morphine but strength of the effect was considerably robust in normal mice. The down regulation of opioid receptors in chronic exposure is likely to be responsible for these differences.
Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles as a next-generation drug delivery platform: state of the art, emerging technologies, and perspectives

Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) are next-generation core–shell nanostructures, conceptually derived from both liposome and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), where a polymer core remains enveloped by a lipid layer. Although they have garnered significant interest, they remain not yet widely exploited or ubiquitous. Recently, a fundamental transformation has occurred in the preparation of LPHNPs, characterized by a transition from a two-step to a one-step strategy, involving synchronous self-assembly of polymers and lipids. Owing to its two-in-one structure, this approach is of particular interest as a combinatorial drug delivery platform in oncology. In particular, the outer surface can be decorated in multifarious ways for active targeting of anticancer therapy, delivery of DNA or RNA materials, and use as a diagnostic imaging agent. This review will provide an update on recent key advancements in design, synthesis, and bioactivity evaluation as well as discussion of future clinical possibilities of LPHNPs.
Effects of Oxygen Concentration and Culture Time on Porcine Nucleus Pulposus Cell Metabolism: An in vitro Study

Low back pain is a common ailment that affects millions of individuals each year and is linked to degeneration of the intervertebral discs in the spine. Intervertebral disc degeneration is known to result from an imbalance in anabolic and catabolic activity by disc cells. Due to the avascular nature of the intervertebral disc, oxygen deficiency may occur in the central nucleus pulposus (NP). The resulting hypoxia affects matrix regulation and energy metabolism of disc cells, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates in vitro glucose consumption and gene expression by NP cells over time under varying oxygen tensions. Notochordal porcine NP cells were cultured in agarose discs at 21, 5, or 1% oxygen tension for 1, 5, or 10 days. The expression of 10 key matrix genes, as well as Brachyury (T), by NP cells was analyzed using RT-PCR. Glucose consumption was measured using a two-point method. Results show that culture time and oxygen tension significantly affect glucose consumption rates by porcine NP cells. There were also significant changes in T expression based on oxygen level and culture time. The 1% oxygen tension had a significantly higher T expression on day 10 than the other two groups, which may indicate a better maintenance of the notochordal phenotype. MMP 1 and 13 expression increased over time for all groups, while only the 5% group showed an increase over time for MMP 3. TIMP expression followed the direction of MMPs but to a lesser magnitude. Five percent and twenty-one percent oxygen tensions led to decreases in anabolic gene expression while 1% led to increases. Oxygen concentration and culture time significantly impacted glucose consumption rate and the gene expression of matrix regulatory genes with hypoxic conditions most accurately maintaining the proper NP phenotype. This information is valuable not only for understanding disc pathophysiology, but also for harnessing the potential of notochordal NP cells in therapeutic applications.
Cortical Dynamics of Semantic Priming and Interference during Word Production: An Intracerebral Study

Language production requires that semantic representations are mapped to lexical representations on the basis of the ongoing context to select the appropriate words. This mapping is thought to generate two opposing phenomena, “semantic priming,” where multiple word candidates are activated, and “interference,” where these word activities are differentiated to make a goal-relevant selection. In previous neuroimaging and neurophysiological research, priming and interference have been associated to activity in regions of a left frontotemporal network. Most of such studies relied on recordings that either have high temporal or high spatial resolution, but not both. Here, we employed intracerebral EEG techniques to explore with both high resolutions, the neural activity associated with these phenomena. The data came from nine epileptic patients who were stereotactically implanted for presurgical diagnostics. They performed a cyclic picture-naming task contrasting semantically homogeneous and heterogeneous contexts. Of the 84 brain regions sampled, 39 showed task-evoked activity that was significant and consistent across two patients or more. In nine of these regions, activity was significantly modulated by the semantic manipulation. It was reduced for semantically homogeneous contexts (i.e., priming) in eight of these regions, located in the temporal ventral pathway as well as frontal areas. Conversely, it was increased only in the pre-SMA, notably at an early poststimulus temporal window (200–300 msec) and a preresponse temporal window (700–800 msec). These temporal effects respectively suggest the pre-SMA's role in initial conflict detection (e.g., increased response caution) and in preresponse control. Such roles of the pre-SMA are traditional from a history of neural evidence in simple perceptual tasks, yet are also consistent with recent cognitive lexicosemantic theories that highlight top–down processes in language production. Finally, although no significant semantic modulation was found in the ACC, future intracerebral EEG work should continue to inspect ACC with the pre-SMA.