Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approaching Freshet beneath Landfast Ice in Kugmallit Bay on the Canadian Arctic Shelf: Evidence from Sensor and Ground Truth Data

The Mackenzie River is the largest river in the North American Arctic. Its huge freshwater and sediment load impacts the Canadian Beaufort Shelf, transporting large quantities of sediment and associated organic carbon into the Arctic Ocean. The majority of this sediment transport occurs during the freshet peak flow season (May to June). Mackenzie River-Arctic Ocean coupling has been widely studied during open water seasons, but has rarely been investigated in shallow water under landfast ice in Kugmallit Bay with field-based surveys, except for those using remote sensing. We observed and measured sedimentation rates (51 g m-2 d-1) and the concentrations of chlorophyll a (mean 2.2 ? g L-1) and suspended particulate matter (8.5 mg L-1) and determined the sediment characteristics during early spring, before the breakup of landfast ice in Kugmallit Bay. We then compared these results with comparable data collected from the same site the previous summer. Comparison of organic quality in seston and trapped material demonstrated substantial seasonal differences. The subtle changes in biological and oceanographic variables beneath landfast ice that we measured using sensors and field sampling techniques suggest the onset of a spring melt occurring hundreds of kilometres farther south in the Mackenzie Basin.
Indicators of Energy Efficiency in Buildings. Comparison with Standards in Force in Argentina

In this work we make a comparative study of the energy behaviour in different building types. We analyze three cases of office buildings and three residential buildings, and compare them with a previous sample. We seek to find correlations or differences in behavior in terms of potential energy losses and gains, and UL values compared with Argentinian Standards to verify the degree of efficiency. For energy analysis we used a software which allows the analysis of thermal and energy building performance at steady state on a monthly basis. This software is called EnergoCAD and it also determines formal indicators based on IRAM standards. We conclude that the indicators used are clear to energetically “grade” buildings and to facilitate comparisons. In turn, smaller buildings are relatively less energy efficient than larger ones. At the same time it is noteworthy that the energy inefficiency has been growing rapidly over the years. Finally it is noted that none of the cases analyzed meets the National Standards.
Acting in adolescence: Symptom or Developmental transition?

Adolescence is par excellence a stage in life characterized by the tendency towards acts, which inludes both pathological aspects and common declinations of evolution: subjectivation during adolescence entails fluid articulation between external and internal reality. From Freud’s thoughts to Winnicott’s, along with other psychoanalysts who study institutions, acts finds their place at the crossroads between the internal and external. According to an interpretation that is no longer solely intrapsychic, but also relational, the response given by the object (therapist or institution) acquires the value of becoming a repetition or elaboration process to the patient’s communication, though primitive and acted out. It is therefore essential for professionals and institutions dealing with adolescents, especially with those who have psychopathologies, to work on the meaning of acts, thus creating a well suited relational space which the adolescents can use during their development.
A new Saharan dust source activation frequency map derived from MSG‐SEVIRI IR‐channels

We present a new dust source area map for the Sahara and Sahel region, derived from the spatiotemporal variability of composite images of Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) using the 8.7, 10.8 and 12.0 μm wavelength channels for March 2006–February 2007. Detected dust events have been compared to measured aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and horizontal visibility observations. Furthermore the monthly source area map has been compared with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument aerosol index (AI). A spatial shift of the derived frequency patterns and the local maxima of AI‐values can be explained by wind‐transport of airborne dust implicitly included in the AI signal. To illustrate the sensitivity of a regional model using the new dust source mask, we present a case study analysis that shows an improvement in reproducing aerosol optical thickness in comparison to the original dust source parameterization.
Cultural Influence on Strategic Human Resource Management Practices: A Jordanian Case Study

This study aims to investigate the impact of national culture on strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices on Pharmaceutical industries in Jordan. A quantitative research design using regression analysis was applied in this study and a total of 133 were obtained through a questionnaire distributed to pharmaceutical industries in Jordan. The results showed that national culture dimensions significantly affect SHRM practices and namely, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation, and individualism have an impact on SHRM practices. Except power distance has insignificant effect on SHRM practices. This study implies that HR managers must be aware of national culture of their country, and try to link it with SHRM practices to improve the company’s performance. Moreover, since national culture explained 20% of the variance in SHRM practices, future researches should be directed towards examining other factors affecting SHRM practices.
Drought tolerant tropical maize ( Zea mays L.) developed through genetic transformation with isopentenyltransferase gene

Maize is a staple food crop for millions of Africans. Despite this fact, African farmers have been harvesting average grain yield of not more than 2 t/ha while there is a potential of producing more than 10 t/ha. Drought is one of the major abiotic constraints contributing to this low productivity. Drought diminishes crop productivity mainly by causing premature leaf senescence. The ipt gene codes for isopentenyltransferase (IPT) enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of cytokinin and has been shown to enhance tolerance to drought in transgenic crops by delaying drought-induced leaf senescence. This created interest to investigate if ipt gene can be useful in enhancing drought tolerance in locally adapted African tropical maize genotypes. The tropical maize inbred line CML216 was transformed with ipt gene using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. Five transgenic lines which were proved to be stably transformed through Southern blot analysis with copy number of 2 to 4 per event were developed. In drought assay carried out in the glass house, transgenic lines expressing the ipt gene showed tolerance to drought as revealed by delayed leaf senescence compared to the wild type plants. Transgenic plants maintained higher relative water content and total chlorophyll during the drought period and produced significantly higher mean grain yield of 44.3 g/plant while the wild type plants produced mean grain yield of 1.43 g/plant. It is proposed that the transgenic lines developed in this study can be further tested for tolerance to drought under contained field trials. Furthermore, transgenic lines developed can be used in breeding programs to improve drought tolerance in other commercial tropical maize genotypes through conventional breeding. Keywords: Cytokinin, delayed leaf senescence, drought inducible, CML216, ipt gene
Observed versus simulated mountain waves over Scandinavia n improvement by enhanced model resolution

Two mountain wave events, which occurred over northern Scandinavia in December 2013 are analysed by means of airborne observations and global and mesoscale numerical simulations with horizontal mesh sizes of 16 km, 7.2 km, 2.4 km and 0.8 km. During both events westerly cross-mountain flow induced upward propagating mountain waves with different wave characteristics due to differing atmospheric background conditions. While wave breaking occured at altitudes between 25 km to 15 30 km during the first event due to weak stratospheric winds, waves propagated to altitudes above 30 km and interfacial waves formed in the troposphere at a stratospheric intrusion layer during the second event. Global and mesoscale simulations with 2 J. S. Wagner: GWLCYCLE I campaign 16 km and 7.2 km grid sizes were not able to simulate the amplitudes and wavelengths of the mountain waves correctly due to unresolved mountain peaks. In simulations with 2.4 km and 0.8 km horizontal resolution mountain waves with horizontal wavelengths larger than 15 km were resolved, but exhibited too small amplitudes and too high energy and momentum fluxes. 20 Simulated fluxes could be reduced by either increasing the vertical model grid resolution or by enhancing turbulent diffusion in the model, which is comparable to an improved representation of small-scale nonlinear wave effects.
SPECIES STATUS, AND THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF ACTIVITY OF BATS IN SOUTHWEST NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA

Abstract Seven bat species have been recorded in Nova Scotia, but little information is available on their relative abundance, ecology, and migratory patterns. In the summer of 2001 we used echolocation and trapping surveys at Kejimkujik National Park, Brier Island and Bon Portage Island to help fill this information gap. Our results suggest that significant populations of Myotis septentrionalis, M. lucifugus and Pipistrellus subflavus occur in the province. Although we note the first breeding record of the red bat (Lasiurus borealis) in Atlantic Canada, survey results suggest this species is probably rare and that previous records were probably extralimital. Fewer than five echolocation sequences were attributable to each of hoary bat (L. cinereus) and silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) suggesting that Nova Scotia is at, or beyond, the northern fringe of the range of these species. We recorded three or fewer echolocation sequences of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), however, further work should be done in more human-populated areas to confirm the distributional range of this species. At Kejimkujik National Park, we captured Myotis septentrionalis (n = 26), M. lucifugus (n = 17), and Pipistrellus subflavus (n = 3). Despite lower capture success of P. subflavus, echolocation surveys suggest that this species is locally abundant. These records may represent the most northerly breeding population of this species and is the first noted, and maybe only, breeding population of this species in Canada. Poor trapping success for this species is likely the result of its foraging behaviour (i.e., flying high over open areas). On Brier Island we captured only two M. lucifugus and no echolocation sequences were identified as P. subflavus. The magnitude of all species activity at the still water site on Brier Island was one-third the average magnitude of activity at still water sites at Kejimkujik National Park. We captured and/or recorded M. septentrionalis only along forested trails, P. subflavus only over water, and M. lucifugus at all site-types. The overall nightly activity pattern of M. lucifugus was characteristic of the activity pattern of Myotis spp. recorded in other areas, with a peak in activity just after sunset followed by a progressive decline in activity through the remainder of the night. However, P. subflavus activity was more constant through the night.
Military Expenditure Growth and Investment

This paper uses a panel of data 28 countries over the period 19601997 to examine the relationship between military expenditure, investment and growth. It brie‡y reviews the economic theory, emphasising the di¢cult identi…cation issues involved in determining the interaction between military expenditure and output and discusses econometric methods for panels. Then it provides estimates of various models examining the interaction between the three variables. The data do not suggest any strong relations between military expenditure and either investment or growth. This is not unexpected given the theoretical and econometric problems involved.
Microcephaly and Zika Virus: clinical features and associations

Cynthia Molina Bastos. TelessaudeRS/UFRGS, Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande dos Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. cynthia.bastos@telessauders.ufrgs.br (Corresponding author) Otávio Pereira D’Avila. TelessaudeRS/UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. otaviopereiradavila@gmail.com Roberto Nunes Umpierre. TelessaudeRS/UFRGS, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. rnumpierre@gmail.com Lavínia Schuler Faccini. Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. lavinia.faccini@ufrgs.br Marcelo Rodrigues Gonçalves. TelessaudeRS/UFRGS, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. marcelorog@gmail.com Erno Harzheim. TelessaudeRS/UFRGS, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. ernoharz@terra.com. br Microcefalia e Zika Vírus: características e associações
STUDIES ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE STRAWBERRY UNDER THE LIGHT TRANSMISSION TYPE SOLAR CELL CONDITION

We examined the cultivation of the strawberry under the light transmission type solar cell (panel) condition that absorbs the ultraviolet light for electricity, and passes ca. 20% of visible light from 400nm to 800nm for photosynthesis. Â Though the color of leaves under the solar cell was lighter than that under control area, the length and width of the leaves were not so different among the treatments. On the other hand, the number of honeybees visiting flowers and SSC were significantly correlated with the integrated photon flux density, and the number of fruits harvested and the yield showed strong correlation coefficient with it. However, the coefficient of correlation between the number of flowers bloomed or fruit size and the integrated photon flux density were relatively low, suggesting that the light interception by the solar cell does not affect much on the number of flowers bloomed or fruit size. As the yield and the quality of the strawberry fruits decreased with the light intensity by the light transmission type solar cell, the yield and the quality of the fruits can be improved by widening the space between the panels. Originally, the transmission type solar cell had been expected not only as ecological role of power generation, but also as the source of light in a room. Â Here, the authors propose an additional role of the transmission type solar cell as a roof panel of a greenhouse.
Radiative and climate effects of stratospheric sulfur geoengineering using seasonally varying injection areas

Abstract. Stratospheric sulfur injections have often been suggested as a cost-effective geoengineering method to prevent or slow down global warming. In geoengineering studies, these injections are commonly targeted to the Equator, where the yearly mean intensity of the solar radiation is the highest and from where the aerosols disperse globally due to the Brewer–Dobson Circulation. However, compensating for greenhouse gas-induced zonal warming by reducing solar radiation would require a relatively larger radiative forcing to the mid- and high latitudes and a lower forcing to the low latitudes than what is achieved by continuous equatorial injections. In this study we employ alternative aerosol injection scenarios to investigate if the resulting radiative forcing can be targeted to be zonally more uniform without decreasing the global the mean radiative forcing of stratospheric sulfur geoengineering. We used a global aerosol–climate model together with an Earth system model to study the radiative and climate effects of stratospheric sulfur injection scenarios with different injection areas. According to our simulations, varying the SO2 injection area seasonally would result in a similar global mean cooling effect as injecting SO2 to the Equator, but with a more uniform zonal distribution of shortwave radiative forcing. Compared to the case of equatorial injections, in the seasonally varying injection scenario where the maximum sulfur production from injected SO2 followed the maximum of solar radiation, the shortwave radiative forcing decreased by 27 % over the Equator (the latitudes between 20° N and 20° S) and increased by 15 % over higher latitudes. Compared to the continuous injections to the Equator, in summer months the radiative forcing was increased by 17 and 14 % and in winter months decreased by 14 and 16 % in Northern and Southern hemispheres, respectively. However, these forcings do not translate into as large changes in temperatures. The changes in forcing would only lead to 0.05 K warmer winters and 0.05 K cooler summers in the Northern Hemisphere, which is roughly 3 % of the cooling resulting from solar radiation management scenarios studied here.
EPQ MODEL WITH DEPRECIATION COST AND PROCESS QUALITY COST AS CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS OF TIME

Extensive research has been devoted to economic production quantity (EPQ) problem. However, little attention has been paid to problems where depreciation cost and process quality cost must be considered, simultaneously. In this paper, we consider the economic production quantity model of minimizing the annual total cost subject to depreciation cost and process quality cost, where depreciation cost and process quality cost are assumed to be continuous functions of holding time and of production run length, respectively. Local search meta-heuristics: iterated local search (ILS) and simulated annealing (SA) are proposed to solve proposed model. Finally, the meta-heuristics are computationally compared by using some numerical examples and results are analyzed.
Relational databases digital preservation

Digital preservation is emerging as an area of work and research that tries to provide answers that will ensure a continued and long-term access to information stored digitally. IT Platforms are constantly changing and evolving and nothing can guarantee the continuity of access to digital artifacts in their absence. This paper focuses on a specific family of digital objects: Relational Databases; they are the most frequent type of databases used by organizations worldwide. A neutral format that is hardware and software independent is the key to achieve a standard format to use in digital preservation of relational databases. XML for its neutrality was chosen for this representation of the database. The presented solution offers a possibility to achieve relational databases preservation. The prototype follows the ”Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System” (OAIS).
Biodegradable Scaffolds for Gastric Tissue Regeneration

Tissue engineering has been viewed as a valid approach toward the partial or total replacement of defective tissues and organs. Recent advances in nanotechnology have made it possible to develop biocompatible materials at the micro- and nano-scales to be used as scaffolds for cellular growth and regeneration of defective tissues. Gastric mucosal lining is an example of soft tissues that are highly susceptible to damage due to various reasons including cancer or ulcer development. Current therapeutic approaches to these diseases have some limitations. This chapter describes the basis for development of a novel modality combining nanotechnology, stem cells, and tissue engineering for the replacement of defective gastric tissues using synthetic biocompatible scaffolds. These microfibrous scaffolds are seeded with gastric stem cells, which are studied for their pro liferation and differentiation into functional gastric mucous cells. neck cells. These results provide the basis for a valid potential application of tissue engineering for regeneration of gastric tissues.
Multi-Criteria Optimization Manipulator Trajectory Planning

In the last twenty years genetic algorithms (GAs) were applied in a plethora of fields such as: control, system identification, robotics, planning and scheduling, image processing, and pattern and speech recognition (Back et al., 1997). In robotics the problems of trajectory planning, collision avoidance and manipulator structure design considering a single criteria has been solved using several techniques (Alander, 2003). Most engineering applications require the optimization of several criteria simultaneously. Often the problems are complex, include discrete and continuous variables and there is no prior knowledge about the search space. These kind of problems are very more complex, since they consider multiple design criteria simultaneously within the optimization procedure. This is known as a multi-criteria (or multiobjective) optimization, that has been addressed successfully through GAs (Deb, 2001). The overall aim of multi-criteria evolutionary algorithms is to achieve a set of non-dominated optimal solutions known as Pareto front. At the end of the optimization procedure, instead of a single optimal (or near optimal) solution, the decision maker can select a solution from the Pareto front. Some of the key issues in multi-criteria GAs are: i) the number of objectives, ii) to obtain a Pareto front as wide as possible and iii) to achieve a Pareto front uniformly spread. Indeed, multi-objective techniques using GAs have been increasing in relevance as a research area. In 1989, Goldberg suggested the use of a GA to solve multi-objective problems and since then other researchers have been developing new methods, such as the multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) (Fonseca & Fleming, 1995), the non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm (NSGA) (Deb, 2001), and the niched Pareto genetic algorithm (NPGA) (Horn et al., 1994), among several other variants (Coello, 1998). In this work the trajectory planning problem considers: i) robots with 2 and 3 degrees of freedom (dof ), ii) the inclusion of obstacles in the workspace and iii) up to five criteria that are used to qualify the evolving trajectory, namely the: joint traveling distance, joint velocity, end effector / Cartesian distance, end effector / Cartesian velocity and energy involved. These criteria are used to minimize the joint 27
How Do Alterations in Habitat Structure by an Invasive Grass Affect Salt-Marsh Resident Spiders?

In European salt marshes, recent invasions by the grass Elymus cithericus raise questions regarding subsequent habitat modification and its effects on the resident biota. In this study, we studied the effects of modified salt-marsh structure on occurring spider assemblages, especially on salt exposure and flood resistance. We showed that locations having tall and deep-rooted invasive vegetation contained more species able to resist tidal floods as compared with locations with natural vegetation. Dominant species displayed different temporal trends between habitat types after flooding, with some species being less affected by floods either in invaded or in natural habitats. Some cursorial species were able to (re)colonize salt marshes after a spring flood as salinity levels decreased. Finally, stand characteristics of E. athericus did not affect the distribution of halotolerant spiders. As a habitat structure relates to flood resistance and/or risk-avoiding strategies, our results indicate that the status of salt-marsh resident species should be considered according to their habitat affinity.