Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein supplementation augments the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to resistance-type exercise training: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Protein ingestion after a single bout of resistance-type exercise stimulates net muscle protein accretion during acute postexercise recovery. Consequently, it is generally accepted that protein supplementation is required to maximize the adaptive response of the skeletal muscle to prolonged resistance-type exercise training. However, there is much discrepancy in the literature regarding the proposed benefits of protein supplementation during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in younger and older populations. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to define the efficacy of protein supplementation to augment the adaptive response of the skeletal muscle to prolonged resistance-type exercise training in younger and older populations. DESIGN A systematic review of interventional evidence was performed through the use of a random-effects meta-analysis model. Data from the outcome variables fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass, type I and II muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press strength were collected from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of dietary protein supplementation during prolonged (>6 wk) resistance-type exercise training. RESULTS Data were included from 22 RCTs that included 680 subjects. Protein supplementation showed a positive effect for FFM (weighted mean difference: 0.69 kg; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91 kg; P < 0.00001) and 1-RM leg press strength (weighted mean difference: 13.5 kg; 95% CI: 6.4, 20.7 kg; P < 0.005) compared with a placebo after prolonged resistance-type exercise training in younger and older subjects. CONCLUSION Protein supplementation increases muscle mass and strength gains during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in both younger and older subjects.
120nm AlSb/InAs HEMT without gate recess: 290GHz fT and 335GHz fmax

In this paper, we report on high frequency performances of AlSb/InAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) with 120nm gate length at room temperature. The excellent combined cut-off frequencies fT/fmax of 290/335 GHz simultaneously obtained at drain bias of 0.36V is another demonstration of the ability of AlSb/InAs HEMT for high frequency operation with low-power consumption. Small-signal equivalent circuit parameters have been extracted.
Differences in Kindling Development in Seven Outbred and Inbred Rat Strains

The kindling phenomenon, i.e., the progressive development of focal and secondarily generalized seizures upon repeated electrical stimulation of a limbic brain region, occurs in various species, but with marked differences in kindling rate between species and also within the same species. In rats, differences in kindling rates have been reported within the same strain and between different strains, and both genetic and environmental influences are thought to be involved in this variability. In most studies on kindling in rats, outbred strains such as Sprague-Dawley have been used. In the present study, we compared rates of amygdala kindling development in two outbred (Sprague-Dawley, Wistar) and five inbred (Lewis, Fischer 344, ACI, Wistar-Kyoto, Brown Norway) rat strains, including several strains which have not been kindled before. We were particularly interested which parts of the stepwise progression of kindling differ among these strains. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the basolateral amygdala to electrical stimulation was determined before and after kindling. Once daily electrical stimulation of the basolateral amygdala resulted in marked interstrain differences in kindling rates, with Sprague-Dawley and Brown-Norway rats exhibiting the lowest number of stimulations to reach fully kindled (stage 5) seizures, and Lewis rats showing the highest number of the 7 strains. In contrast to the significant differences in number of stimulations to reach the fully kindled state, total (cumulative) afterdischarge duration (ADD) to reach stage 5 did not significantly differ among strains, substantiating that cumulative AD is the principal factor in the acquisition of kindled seizures. Marked differences in ADD of a stage 5 seizure were obtained between strains, with strains kindling rapidly exhibiting longer ADD than strains kindling slowly. Postkindling afterdischarge threshold (ADT) varied significantly among strains, but only 3 of the 7 strains showed a decrease of ADT compared to prekindling values. When the stepwise progression of kindling was evaluated, pronounced interstrain differences were determined in the time spent in the initial phase of kindling, i.e., stage 1 seizures, both in terms of stimulations and cumulative ADD, indicating that variations in kindling rates were predominantly due to the time needed to progress from stage 1 to subsequent stages of the kindling process. The data seem to indicate that inbred rat strains offer an interesting resource for dissecting the underlying genetic basis for phenotypic differences in epileptogenesis as induced by kindling, although the high variability of kindling rates seen within some inbred strains weakens this possibility.
In vitro propagation of Spilanthes mauritiana DC., an endangered medicinal herb, through axillary bud cultures

SummarySpilanthes mauritiana DC. , (Compositae), a East African medicinal herb containing pharmaceutically promising secondary metabolites, has successfully been raised in vitro. We have developed a clonal propagation protocol that uses juvenile plants as starting material. The addition of benzylaminopurine (BA) (1.0 μM) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.1 μM) to the culture medium resulted in maximum shooting response with minimal callusing. Shoots rooted best in vitro in MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; 0.2 μM), and plants that had already developed roots showed better growth, with maximum survival rate, in the greenhouse after an initial hardening.
Sensitivity enhancement in the TROSY experiment.

A modification of the TROSY experiment which allows for sensitivity enhancement without introduction of additional delays is presented. The method relies on the combination of two orthogonal pathways and results in a signal-to-noise gain of 2 independent of the size of the molecule. The sensitivity enhanced TROSY scheme can be combined with gradient coherence selection. The method has been applied to the 269 residue serine protease PB92.
Aging and List-Wide Modulations of Strategy Execution:A Study in Arithmetic

ABSTRACT Background/Study Context: This study aimed at further our understanding of the cognitive processes involved during strategy execution, and how the processes involved change with age. More specifically, the main goal was to investigate whether poorer-strategy effects (i.e., poorer performance when a cued strategy is not the best) and sequential modulations of poorer-strategy effects (i.e., decreased poorer-strategy effects on current problems following poorer-strategy problems compared with after better-strategy problems) are influenced by proportions of poorer-strategy problems. Methods: We used a computational estimation task (i.e., providing approximate products to two-digit multiplication problems such as 38 × 74) with problems sets including 75%, 50%, or 25% of poorer-strategy problems (i.e., participants have to estimate products with another strategy than the better strategy). The remaining problems were cued with the better strategy. Age-related differences were also investigated. Results: We found that proportions of poorer-strategy problems influenced sequential modulations of poorer-strategy effects. Indeed, sequential modulations of poorer-strategy effects were larger when proportions of poorer-strategy problems were equal than unequal. Moreover, proportion effects were different for young and older adults, as older adults benefited more from low proportions of poorer-strategy problems compared with young adults. Conclusion: These findings have important implications regarding cognitive control mechanisms underlying both list-wide and trial-to-trial modulations of strategy execution, and how these processes change during aging.
CHO cell production and sequence improvement in the 13C6FR1 anti-Ebola antibody

ABSTRACT From March 2014 through February 2015, the Ebola virus spread rapidly in West Africa, resulting in almost 30,000 infections and approximately 10,000 deaths. With no approved therapeutic options available, an experimental antibody cocktail known as ZMapp™ was administered to patients on a limited compassionate-use basis. The supply of ZMapp™ was highly constrained at the time because it was in preclinical development and a novel production system (tobacco plants) was being used for manufacturing. To increase the production of ZMapp™ for an uncertain future demand, a consortium was formed in the fall of 2014 to quickly manufacture these anti-Ebola antibodies in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using bioreactors for production at a scale appropriate for thousands of doses. As a result of the efforts of this consortium, valuable lessons were learned about the processing of the antibodies in a CHO-based system. One of the ZMapp™ cocktail antibodies, known as c13C6FR1, had been sequence-optimized in the framework region for production in tobacco and engineered as a chimeric antibody. When transfected into CHO cells with the unaltered sequence, 13C6FR1 was difficult to process. This report describes efforts to produce 13C6FR1 and the parental murine hybridoma sequence, 13C6mu, in CHO cells, and provides evidence for the insertion of a highly conserved framework amino acid that improved the physical properties necessary for high-level expression and purification. Furthermore, it describes the technical and logistical lessons learned that may be beneficial in the event of a future Ebola virus or other pandemic viral outbreaks where mAbs are considered potential therapeutics.
Partial Genome Assembly for a Candidate Division OP11 Single Cell from an Anoxic Spring (Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma)

ABSTRACT Members of candidate division OP11 are widely distributed in terrestrial and marine ecosystems, yet little information regarding their metabolic capabilities and ecological role within such habitats is currently available. Here, we report on the microfluidic isolation, multiple-displacement-amplification, pyrosequencing, and genomic analysis of a single cell (ZG1) belonging to candidate division OP11. Genome analysis of the ∼270-kb partial genome assembly obtained showed that it had no particular similarity to a specific phylum. Four hundred twenty-three open reading frames were identified, 46% of which had no function prediction. In-depth analysis revealed a heterotrophic lifestyle, with genes encoding endoglucanase, amylopullulanase, and laccase enzymes, suggesting a capacity for utilization of cellulose, starch, and, potentially, lignin, respectively. Genes encoding several glycolysis enzymes as well as formate utilization were identified, but no evidence for an electron transport chain was found. The presence of genes encoding various components of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis indicates a Gram-negative bacterial cell wall. The partial genome also provides evidence for antibiotic resistance (β-lactamase, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase), as well as antibiotic production (bacteriocin) and extracellular bactericidal peptidases. Multiple mechanisms for stress response were identified, as were elements of type I and type IV secretion systems. Finally, housekeeping genes identified within the partial genome were used to demonstrate the OP11 affiliation of multiple hitherto unclassified genomic fragments from multiple database-deposited metagenomic data sets. These results provide the first glimpse into the lifestyle of a member of a ubiquitous, yet poorly understood bacterial candidate division.
Randomized, placebo-controlled study of oregovomab for consolidation of clinical remission in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

PURPOSE To assess oregovomab as consolidation treatment of advanced ovarian cancer and refine the immunotherapeutic strategy for subsequent study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with stage III/IV ovarian cancer who had a complete clinical response to primary treatment were randomly assigned to oregovomab or placebo administered at weeks 0, 4, and 8, and every 12 weeks up to 2 years or until recurrence. The primary end-point was time to relapse (TTR). RESULTS One hundred forty-five patients were treated with oregovomab (n = 73) or placebo (n = 72). For the population overall, median TTR was not different between treatments at 13.3 months for oregovomab and 10.3 months for placebo (P =.71). Immune responses were induced in most actively treated patients. This was associated with prolonged TTR. Quality of life was not adversely impacted by treatment. Adverse events were reported with similar frequency in oregovomab and placebo groups, indicating a benign safety profile. A long-term survival follow-up is ongoing. Cox analysis of relapse data identified significant factors: performance status, CA-125 before third cycle, and baseline CA-125. Further evaluation identified a subpopulation with favorable prognostic indicators designated as the successful front-line therapy (SFLT) population. For the SFLT population, TTR was 24.0 months in the oregovomab group compared with 10.8 months for placebo (unadjusted hazard ratio of 0.543 [95% CI, 0.287 to 1.025]), a hypothesis-generating observation. CONCLUSION Consolidation therapy with oregovomab did not significantly improve TTR overall. A set of confirmatory phase III studies has been initiated to determine whether the SFLT population derives benefit from oregovomab treatment.
Template-switching during DNA synthesis by Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I.

Recombinant DNA molecules are often generated during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) when partially homologous templates are available [e.g., see Pääbo et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 4718-4721]. It has been suggested that these recombinant molecules are a consequence of truncated extension products annealing to partially homologous templates on subsequent PCR cycles. However, we demonstrate here that recombinants can be generated during a single round of primer extension in the absence of subsequent heat denaturation, indicating that template-switching produces some of these recombinant molecules. Two types of template-switches were observed: (i) switches to pre-existing templates and (ii) switches to the complementary nascent strand. Recombination is reduced several fold when the complementary template strands are physically separated by attachment to streptavidin magnetic beads. This result supports the hypothesis that either the polymerase or at least one of the two extending strands switches templates during DNA synthesis and that interaction between the complementary template strands is necessary for efficient template-switching.
Nutritional composition and amino acid profile of a sub-tropical red seaweed Gelidium pusillum collected from St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh

Nutritional fact study has prime importance to make the species edible and commercially viable to the food consumers. The proximate chemical composition and amino acid profile of Gelidium pusillum were studied to understand the nutritional status. The red seaweed Gelidium pusillum was rich in dietary fibre (24.74 ± 1.05%), lipid (2.16 ± 0.61%) and ash content (21.15 ± 0.74%). The mean protein content (11.31 ± 1.02% DW) was within the range of 10-47% for green and red seaweeds and this range was higher than Gracilaria cornea (5.47% DW), Gracilaria changgi (6.90% DW) and Eucheuma cottonii (9.76% DW). Gelidium pusillum was found to contained all the essential amino acids, which accounted for 52.08% of the total amino acids. Tyrosine (26.2 mg g-1 protein), methionine (15.8 mg g-1 protein) and Lysine (48.3 mg g-1 protein) were the limiting amino acid of Gelidium pusillum. However, the levels of other essential amino acids were above the FAO/WHO requirement pattern (EAA score ranged from 1.14 to 1.62). Aspartic and glutamic acids constituted a substantial amount of the total amino acids (24.68% of total amino acid). The result from this study suggested that Gelidium pusillum could be utilized as a healthy food item for human consumption.
Design of a massively parallel computing architecture for dense matrix multiplication

Transistor density made possible the design of massively parallel architectures with hundreds of cores on a single chip. Designing architectures with such high number of cores with efficient performance/area or power ratios is very challenging. In this paper we take a different approach to design many-core architectures. We start with a formal analysis of the algorithms considering architectural aspects, and then decide the structure of the architecture. To exemplify the approach we did a theoretical analysis of a dense matrix multiplication algorithm, implemented the architecture based on the theoretical model and simulated the system in SystemC. Results indicate that the proposed architecture is near two orders of magnitude more performance/area efficient than a cutting-edge general-purpose processor achieving near 1 TFLOP in a 100 mm2 chip with 65 nm technology.
Performance evaluation of parallel applications on multiprocessor systems on chip

A MPSOC based on Network-on-Chip (NoC) is developed and presented. Some matrix applications are developed for this platform according to the shared-memory programming model. Performance results are compared between the NoC based multiprocessor system and the traditional bus-based MPSOC. The concerns of efficient data distribution and requisition for the memory system have also been considered in this paper. A conclusion is made in the end showing the apparent advantages brought in by the NoC based MPSOC.
Present Research Situations And Future Prospects On Biomimetic Robot Fish

abstract As mankind steps into the 21st century, the exploration of the ocean also enters a new phase. In the recent decades, the research on biomimetic robot fish has attracted scientific communities’ attention increasingly. With its character of high flexibility and intelligence, biomimetic robot fish have become one of the research focuses in the field of underwater robots in recent years. This paper mainly describes the classification of propulsion modes and the corresponding characteristics, the international research situation, the open problems and future research issues for biomimetic robot fish.
The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey: a national health information resource.

This article describes the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), the third in a series of nationally representative surveys of medical care use and expenditures sponsored by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. The MEPS is designed to provide extensive data on the types of health care services American use, how frequently they use them, how much is paid for the services, and who pays for them. It also will provide information on the types and costs of private health insurance available to the U.S. population. The survey is unparalleled in its degree of detail, as well as its ability to link medical care use, payments, and health insurance coverage to specific survey respondents and their families. It allows analysts to examine how individual and family characteristics, including the characteristics of their health insurance, affect medical care use and spending. This article discusses each of the MEPS components, focusing on design enhancements that have been made since the survey was last conducted nearly a decade ago.
A prospective evaluation of abdominal ultrasound in blunt trauma: is it useful?

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility and feasibility of abdominal ultrasound (US) in blunt trauma patients. DESIGN This prospective study examined the operational issues and the diagnostic accuracy of US in selected blunt trauma patients triaged to a Level 1 trauma center. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients were evaluated by an attending trauma surgeon and our usual criteria for objective evaluation of the abdomen were applied. US was performed by US technicians and interpreted by the trauma surgeon. We prospectively evaluated the availability (time to arrival), the ease with which the US could be integrated into the resuscitation (minutes to start after arrival), and the time required to perform the study. The US results were compared to diagnostic peritoneal lavage and computed tomography findings, clinical course, operative findings, and to repeat US examinations to determine sensitivity, specificity, and usefulness. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 800 US studies were performed over 15 months. In four cases (0.5%), the US was incomplete for technical reasons. The results in the remaining 796 studies were as follows: [table: see text] The average time to arrival of the US was 17.3 minutes (range 0-120) and the average minutes to start after arrival was 7.0 (range 1-49). The average time required to perform the study was 10.6 minutes (range 2-26). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that US can be obtained rapidly, integrated into the resuscitation, and completed quickly. US provides a highly accurate, noninvasive method to evaluate the abdomen in the blunt trauma patient, and has supplanted the previously used methods at this institution.
Interrenal stress responsiveness of marbled sole, Pleuronectes yokohamae, inhabiting Tokyo Bay

The interrenal stress responsiveness of marbled sole (Pleuronectes yokohamae) captured in the interior (Tokyo) and at the mouth (the Uraga Strait; Uraga) of Tokyo Bay, in the coastal region of Onjuku (the eastern coastal region of Chiba prefecture; Pacific) and in Ishinomaki Bay (Ishinomaki) in Japan was investigated. That is, the effects of air‐exposure on plasma cortisol and glucose levels in the fish from the four different regions, and the effect of in vitro ACTH treatment on cortisol release from the head kidney tissue of the fish held under resting conditions were examined. In this study, it was found that (i) there were no significant differences in plasma cortisol and glucose levels among the fish from the four different regions under resting conditions, (ii) each air‐exposed fish increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels, (iii) the cortisol response in marbled sole inhabiting Tokyo Bay, in particular the interior, was lower, delayed and prolonged, and (iv) cortisol release from the head kidney to in vitro ACTH treatment was lower in the fish from Tokyo compared with the fish from the reference (not so polluted) sites, Pacific and Ishinomaki. These results suggest that marbled sole inhabiting Tokyo Bay, in particular the interior, have been altered in their responsiveness of cortisol‐producing interrenal cells to the stressor in the hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 17: 1–6, 2002
A mismatching eliminating method based on camera motion information

Most visual navigation relies on point matching and many of the matching point pairs are faulty. Generally, they are eliminated by the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithms. However, RANSAC algorithms are often time-consuming and their parameters are hard to adjust. For such a purpose, a new method is proposed to eliminate the error matching points of every two consecutive images based on motion information. The proposed method is applicable to the cases that the motion information is available and the interest points are all from a horizontal plane. It does not require iteration and thus time-efficient. To demonstrate the effectiveness, the proposed method is tested on synthetic data of both simulation points and real images. The results show that the proposed method has better performance over RANSAC algorithms.