Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Spatial Dispersion of P-Wave, QRS Complex, and QT-Interval on 12-Lead Electrocardiogram in Apparently Healthy Adults

Background: The spatial dispersion of P-wave, QRS complex, and QT interval on 12-lead electrocardiogram are related to the electrical instability in cardiac conducting tissues and elevated parameters are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Objectives: We sought to evaluate the dispersion of P-wave, QRS complex, and QT interval in healthy adult Nigerians and assess their relationship to age, gender, anthropometric and some physiologic parameters. Methods: A total of 128 subjects were recruited for the study. The participants consist of two groups; a young age group of 62 apparently healthy individuals (aged 18-35 years) and an elderly age group of 66 participants (aged 60-89 years) drawn from attendees to the quarterly medical lectures of the Ebreime Foundation for the Elderly, a non-Governmental organization. The exclusion criteria for the study were presence of acute or chronic illnesses and medications capable of affecting electrocardiogram. All subjects had background medical history assessment, clinical examination and resting 12-lead electrocardiography. The dispersion of P-wave, QRS and QT intervals were measured manually under magnifying glass by one observer and were taken as the difference between the maximum and minimum values of each parameter on standard 12lead electrocardiogram. Results: The elderly subjects had significantly higher body mass index compared to the young subjects. Blood pressure indices were comparable in the two groups. The dispersions of P-wave, QRS and QT on 12-lead electrocardiography were all significantly increased in the elderly. Significant gender variations were noted in QRS dispersion, QTc interval and QT dispersion which were all significantly increased in women. A significant correlation was noted between QT dispersion and body mass index (r = 0.280; p = 0.023). Conclusion: Age, gender and body mass index are significant determinants of P-wave, QRS, and QT dispersion in the adult population. Identification of high risk individuals for cardiovascular disease for prompt preventive intervention is of prime importance.
Analiza zastosowania narzędzia Cucumber w testowaniu aplikacji

The paper presents an analysis of the Cucumber automated test tool and describes how this tool is used in practice.As part of the paper, several test cases were created to fully verify the operation of the chosen approach to testing in programming in Java and Kotlin languages also the time of testing were compared in both languages from the object-oriented language family
Title: Effectiveness of rectal indomethacin in the prevention of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in unselected patients Authors:

Background and aims: several studies have shown that rectal indomethacin decreases the risk of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, in recent studies, its effectiveness is being questioned, especially in average risk patients. Our principal aim was to evaluate the efficacy of rectal indomethacin prophylaxis in the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted at a third-level university hospital. Data was collected from every patients who underwent ERCP between January 2014 and June 2016. After February 2015, all patients received 100 mg of rectal indomethacin prior to ERCP. We analyzed groups, with indomethacin and without indomethacin, in unselected patients. Results: a total of 524 patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 71.1 ± 17.0 (standard deviation [SD]) years. Of the total number of patients, 393 (75%) had an average risk; 277 received rectal indomethacin prior to ERCP, while 247 did not. In the group with indomethacin, 12 patients developed PEP (4.33%) versus ten in the indomethacin-free group (4.04%) (OR 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-3.40; p = 0.56). Severe-moderate PEP developed in seven patients (2.52%) in the indomethacin group and in two patients (0.81%) in the indomethacin-free group (p = 0.24). Previous sphincterotomy was a protective factor (OR 0.02; 95% CI, 0.02-0.2; p = 0.001) and age < 45 years was a risk factor: (OR 3.43; 95% CI, 1.14-10.32; p = 0.03). Conclusions: rectal indomethacin does not appear to decrease the risk of developing PEP in unselected patients.
Model of 33-day barotropic Rossby waves in the North Pacific

Sea-Surface Height (SSH) variability throughout a large part of the North Pacific has been shown to be coherent with Tropical Instability Waves (TIWs). At low latitudes, this variability appears consistent with an interpretation of barotropic Rossby waves radiating poleward from the TIWs, but questions arise regarding the patterns of SSH variability and the ultimate fate of such waves. In this note we analyze the output of a numerical barotropic model of the North Pacific, to address these questions and further test the barotropic Rossby wave interpretation. We find that amplitude patterns in the SSH variability are due partly to topographic refraction, but also to wave interference produced by the broad zonal wavenumber spectrum inherent in the TIW structure. A comparison of output from a model having realistic bathymetry with that of a flat-bottom model suggests that partial trapping associated with topographic refraction increases energy densities and fluxes at low latitudes, while inhibiting the radiation to higher latitudes. 10
Enhancing farming system water productivity through alternative land use and water management in vertisol areas of Ethiopian Blue Nile Basin (Abay)

Until recently, the Ethiopian government’s investment did not systematically target high potential areas for agricultural intensification, limiting the potential productivity gains. Waterlogged vertisols, which cover about 2.7 million hectares in the Ethiopian part of the Blue Nile Basin, are among the high potential soils where management interventions could result in positive impacts. This study utilized soil, climate, crop and livestock productivity data and models to demonstrate intensification strategies which can increase crop-livestock system productivity. To understand the effects of alternative land use and water management interventions on water productivity, the areas have been classified into three drainage status depending on slope classes. Accordingly, non-drainable (0–2%), drainable (2–5%) and naturally drained (>5%) respectively, represented areas where artificial drainage is not feasible, where drainage using broad bed and furrows (BBF) is recommended, and areas where waterlogging is not a problem and no intervention is needed. Early planting of wheat (Triticum spp.) on BBF instead of the traditional late planting on flat beds in drainable areas and rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation instead of the traditional extensive grazing or growing grass-pea (Lathyrus sativus) on the flat areas provide viable alternative cropping options. Yield data of the crops and biomass of the native grass were obtained from research stations in the area while the effective rainfall and crop water requirement were estimated using CROPWAT Model. The value of the native grass and crop straw as livestock feed was estimated based on previous works. With respect to effective rainfall, the water productivity increase due to BBF over the control ranged from 5% to 200%, with an average increase of 57%. Despite higher water consumption of rice, feeding its residues to livestock enhanced the overall economic water productivity of the system as compared to the natural grazing or grass-pea cultivation. This can be accounted for by higher rice biomass productivity and the greater demand for its grain. The study demonstrated that draining the excess water when the slope allows, growing suitable high value crops on non-drainable areas, and integration of livestock into improved land and water management enhance overall agricultural system water productivity.
TO ExPLORE ThE SOfTwARE APPLICATIONS IN REvENUE mANAGEmENT AND ThE ImPACT Of ThESE APPLICATIONS1: bASED ON A CASE STUDy Of UPSCALE hOTELS IN bOGOTá

The aim of this study is to explore the software applications in revenue management and the impact of these applications based in a case study of upscale hotels in Bogota Colombia. A mixed methodological approach was applied based on semi-structure inter-views and questionnaires. Findings show that the concept of rm is now starting to have relevance in Bogota. Nevertheless this area still has a lot to work because there is a lack of knowledge, or misunderstanding of the concept.
FORECASTING OF THE STOCK RATE OF LEADING WORLD COMPANIES USING ECONOMETRIC METHODS AND DCF ANALYSIS

In this article, we will cover various models for forecasting the stock price of global companies, namely the DCF model, with well-reasoned financial analysis and the ARIMA model, an integrated model of autoregression − moving average, as an econometric mechanism for point and interval forecasting. The main goal is to compare the obtained forecasting results and evaluate their real accuracy. The article is based on forecasting stock prices of two companies: Coca-Cola HBC AG (CCHGY) and Nestle S.A. (NSRGF). At the moment, it is not determined which approach is better for predicting the stock price − the analysis of financial indicators or the use of econometric data analysis methods. KEYWORDS
Modified High Level DC-DC Converter Based Online Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

To provide reliable and high quality power for critical loads in all grid conditions, Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are widely used. A non-isolated online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system is proposed in this paper. This system consists of bridgeless PFC boost rectifier, battery charger/discharger, and an inverter. A new battery charger/discharger has been implemented which ensures the bidirectional flow of power between dc-link and battery bank, reducing the battery bank voltage to only 24V, and regulates the dc-link voltage during battery power mode. Operating batteries in parallel improves the battery performance and resolve the problems related to conventional battery banks that arrange batteries in series. The output voltage for both linear and non-linear loads regulating system is proposed which contains a new control method, integrating slide mode and proportional-resonant control, for inverter. The controller exhibits excellent performance during transients and step changes in load. Operating principle and experimental results of 1kVA prototype have been presented for validation of the proposed system.
Good Governance: The Impact on the performance of Tunisian listed companies

The purpose of our research is to study the impact of governance tools on Tunisian company performance. Empirical verification conducted by an expert panel composed of 100 Tunisian companies listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange. The observation period is 10 years, from 2008 to 2018. It shows that the composition of the board of directors, the remuneration system, shareholders and information disclosure on the performance of these banks which have a positive impact. On the other hand, for the two performance indicators (ROE and ROA), the age of the company is not important.
Chasing Government Jobs: How Aggregate Labor Supply Responds to Public Sector Hiring Policy in India

Many countries allocate government jobs through a system of highly competitive exams. For example, in India, civil service exams regularly attract over a half a million applications, with an acceptance rate of less than 0.1%. This paper studies whether the intense competition for these jobs a ects aggregate labor supply. To answer this question, I study how the labor market responded to a civil service hiring freeze in the state of Tamil Nadu. I nd that candidates responded by spending more time studying, not less. A decade after the hiring freeze was lifted, the cohorts that were most impacted also have lower earnings, suggesting that participation in the exam process did not build human capital. Finally, I provide evidence that structural features of the testing environment such as how well candidates are able to forecast their own performance, and the underlying returns to study e ort help explain the observed response. Together, these results indicate that public sector hiring policy has the potential to move the whole labor market. *PhD candidate in Public Policy at Harvard University. Email: kmangal@g.harvard. edu. I am grateful to my advisors Emily Breza, Asim Khwaja, and Rohini Pande for their support. Robert Townsend provided much appreciated initial encouragement. Kranti Mane provided outstanding research assistance. I also thank Augustin Bergeron, Shweta Bhogale, Michael Boozer, Nikita Kohli, Tauhidur Rahman, Sagar Saxena, Utkarsh Saxena, Niharika Singh, Perdie Stilwell, Nikkil Sudharsanan, and seminar participants at Harvard for thoughtful discussions and comments. This work would not have been possible without the support of K. Nanthakumar and S. Nagarajan of the Tamil Nadu Government, the sta at the R&D Section of TNPSC, and Dr. Anand Patil and Mrs. Vaishali Patil in Maharashtra. I am also grateful to the many candidates for government jobs who were willing to take the time to share their world with me. Of course, any errors are my own. All human subjects data collection has been approved by the Harvard University IRB.
Age Structure of the Workforce in Growing and Declining Industries: Evidence from Hong Kong

Industry-specific human capital reduces the incentive for older workers to leave declining industries and raises the incentive for younger workers to join growing industries. Using the industry restructuring experience of Hong Kong, we find that a one percent increase in employment share of an industry is associated with a 0.60 year decrease in the average age of its workforce. The relationship is more pronounced among less educated workers, who have less general human capital, and male workers, who are more committed to the labor force, than among well educated workers and female workers. JEL classification. J10, J23, J24
INSTITUTO CARLOS CHAGAS MESTRADO EM BIOCIÊNCIAS E BIOTECNOLOGIA LOUISE ULRICH KURT AN APPROACH FOR QUALITY CONTROL AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEIN CONFORMERS BY USING CROSS-LINKING MASS SPECTROMETRY AND PATTERN RECOGNITION CURITIBA

We present RawVegetable, a software for mass spectrometry data assessment and quality control tailored toward shotgun proteomics and cross-linking experiments. RawVegetable provides four main modules with distinct features: (A) The charge state chromatogram that independently displays the ion current for each charge state; useful for optimizing the chromatography for highly charged ions and with lower XIC values such as those typically found in cross-linking experiments. (B) The XL-Artefact determination, which flags possible noncovalently associated peptides. (C) The TopN density estimation, for detecting retention time intervals of under or over-sampling, and (D) The chromatography reproducibility module, which provides pairwise comparisons between multiple experiments. RawVegetable, a tutorial, and the example data are freely available for academic use at: http://patternlabforproteomics.org/rawvegetable. Significance: Chromatography optimization is a critical step for any shotgun proteomic or cross-linking mass spectrometry experiment. Here, we present a nifty solution with several key features, such as displaying individual charge state chromatograms, highlighting chromatographic regions of underor over-sampling and checking for reproducibility.
CaCO 3 vaterites as components of target drug delivery systems

Successful treatment of the majority of oncological diseases that aff ect solid organs is related to appropriate use of potent and (to varying degrees) toxic antitumor drugs. In a number of cases, chemotherapy requires the maximum localized action of a drug in the tumor area. Th e most effi cient methods of drug administration are introducing medicinal compounds (MC) directly into the tumor or use of target drug delivery systems. Th e second method makes it possible to decrease general toxicity of MC, and to reach prolonged therapeutic action due to uniform and time-controlled release of a MC into tumor tissue.
Comparison of formaldehyde measurements by Hantzsch, CRDS and DOAS in the SAPHIR chamber

Abstract. Three instruments that use different techniques to measure gaseous formaldehyde ( HCHO ) concentrations were compared in experiments in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Julich. One instrument (AL4021, Aero-Laser GmbH) detects HCHO using the wet-chemical Hantzsch reaction (for efficient gas-phase stripping), chemical conversion and fluorescence measurement. An internal HCHO permeation source allows for daily calibrations. This instrument was characterized by sulfuric acid titration (overall accuracy 8.6 %) and yields measurements with a time resolution of 90 s and a limit of detection (3 σ ) of 0.3 ppbv . In addition, a new commercial instrument that makes use of cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) determined the concentrations of HCHO , water vapour, and methane (G2307, Picarro, Inc.). Its limit of detection (3 σ ) is specified as 0.3 ppbv for an integration time of 300 s , and its accuracy is limited by the drift of the zero signal (manufacturer specification 1.5 ppbv ). A custom-built high-resolution laser differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument provided HCHO measurements with a limit of detection (3 σ ) of 0.9 ppbv and an accuracy of 7 %​​​​​​​ using an optical multiple reflection cell. The measurements were conducted from June to December 2019 in experiments in which either ambient air flowed through the chamber or the photochemical degradation of organic compounds in synthetic air was investigated. Measured HCHO concentrations were up to 8 ppbv . Various mixtures of organic compounds, water vapour, nitrogen oxides and ozone were present in these experiments. Results demonstrate the need to correct the baseline in measurements performed by the Hantzsch instrument to compensate for drifting background signals. Corrections were equivalent to HCHO mixing ratios in the range of 0.5–1.5 ppbv . The baseline of the CRDS instrument showed a linear dependence on the water vapour mixing ratio with a slope of ( - 11.20 ± 1.60 ) ppbv % −1 below and ( - 0.72 ± 0.08 ) ppbv % −1 above a water vapour mixing ratio of 0.2 %. In addition, the intercepts of these linear relationships drifted within the specification of the instrument (1.5 ppbv ) over time but appeared to be equal for all water mixing ratios. Regular zero measurements are needed to account for the changes in the instrument zero. After correcting for the baselines of measurements by the Hantzsch and the CRDS instruments, linear regression analysis of measurements from all three instruments in experiments with ambient air indicated good agreement, with slopes of between 0.98 and 1.08 and negligible intercepts (linear correlation coefficients R2>0.96 ). The new small CRDS instrument measures HCHO with good precision and is accurate if the instrument zero is taken into account. Therefore, it can provide measurements with similar accuracy to the DOAS instrument but with slightly reduced precision compared to the Hantzsch instrument.
Stabilization of alumina slurry for chemical-mechanical polishing of copper

Stabilization of alumina slurries containing Fe(NO3)3 and benzotriazole (BTA) for chemical−mechanical polishing (CMP) of copper in acidic media was investigated. Slurry stability was evaluated from the initial settling rate of alumina particles in well-dispersed slurries. ζ potential and FTIR spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the observed effects. Fe3+, used as an etchant for copper, did not affect the slurry stability significantly, especially at low concentrations (<0.05 M). However, BTA worsened the stability, especially at higher concentrations, by reducing the electrostatic repulsion between alumina particles. This was confirmed by a drop in the measured ζ potential. FTIR spectra showed that BTA is chemisorbed onto alumina particle surfaces. Finally, the addition of poly(ethylene glycol) (MW = 1 000 000) improved the slurry stability significantly and a stable alumina slurry for the CMP of copper was obtained. Preliminary data on the removal rates of copper and the selectivities of removal betw.
S YSTEMATIC E VALUATION OF C AUSAL D ISCOVERY IN V ISUAL M ODEL B ASED R EINFORCEMENT L EARNING

Inducing causal relationships from observations is a classic problem in machine learning. Most work in causality starts from the premise that the causal variables themselves are observed. However, for AI agents such as robots trying to make sense of their environment, the only observables are low-level variables like pixels in images. To generalize well, an agent must induce high-level variables, particularly those which are causal or are affected by causal variables. A central goal for AI and causality is thus the joint discovery of abstract representations and causal structure. However, we note that existing environments for studying causal induction are poorly suited for this objective because they have complicated task-specific causal graphs which are impossible to manipulate parametrically (e.g., number of nodes, sparsity, causal chain length, etc.). In this work, our goal is to facilitate research in learning representations of high-level variables as well as causal structures among them. In order to systematically probe the ability of methods to identify these variables and structures, we design a suite of benchmarking RL environments. We evaluate various representation learning algorithms from the literature and find that explicitly incorporating structure and modularity in models can help causal induction in model-based reinforcement learning.
University of Birmingham Mental Health and Well-Being in Mothers of Children With Rare Genetic Syndromes Showing Chronic Challenging Behavior:

It is well documented that mothers of children with challenging behavior (CB) experience elevated levels of stress and that this persists over time, but less is known about the experience of mothers of children with rare genetic syndromes. This paper describes two studies, one cross-sectional and one longitudinal, comparing well-being in mothers of children with Angelman, Cornelia de Lange and Cri du Chat syndrome who have either shown chronic CB ( n =18) or low/no CB ( n =26) in the preceding seven years. The presence of chronic, long-term CB increased maternal stress but not depression or anxiety, and did not influence positive well-being. Stress relating specifically to their child’s genetic syndrome reduced with age, highlighting the need for further exploration in this area. This study aims to explore whether the presence of challenging behavior is associated with maternal mental health in mothers of children with AS, CdLS and CdC in order to answer the first research question; does the presence of challenging behavior affect mental health and well-being in mothers of children with rare genetic syndromes? This question will be explored using cross-sectional data, comparing maternal mental health in mothers of children with a rare genetic syndrome who have or have not shown clinically significant levels of challenging behavior in the five to seven years preceding data collection. The results show that mothers of children with AS, CdLS and CdC whose children show chronic challenging behavior experience elevated levels of general stress (QRSF-F) and report higher levels of stress relating to their child’s rare genetic syndromes (GSSS) than mothers of children with the same genetic syndromes who are not showing challenging behavior. Both of these results have a large effect size. There were no between-group differences on levels of anxiety, depression, positive affect or positive gain. The scores on the HADS indicate that within the Low/No group, 50% had scores indicative of clinical levels of