Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is sequential feeding a suitable technique to compensate for the negative effects of a tropical climate in finishing broilers

Feed withdrawal during the warmest part of the day (09:00 to 16:00 h) was compared with the distribution of ground corn and commercial feed consumed ad libitum by control broilers from 28 to 42 d exposed to tropical climatic conditions (averaged Ta = 25 °C; Relative Humidity (RH) = 72%). From 16:00 to 09:00 h, a continuous illumination was in the poultry shed and the chickens received a commercial diet. Each diet was supplied to 7 pens of 14 unsexed broilers. Both feed withdrawal and corn distribution during the day period reduced growth (P < 0.01) and deteriorated feed conversion (P < 0.01) compared to the ad libitum control. At the age of 41 d, the average body temperature (Tb) at 14:00 h in the control group was 42.56 °C. It was higher (P < 0.002) than that recorded in the corn fed group (42.27 °C) and the feed withdrawal chickens (42.11 °C). These effects measured in 4-6 week-old broilers exposed to a moderate tropical climate, illustrate the limitation of feed restriction and sequential feeding under practical conditions. Further research is needed to study the diurnal distribution of corn or feed withdrawal coupled with a balanced diet richer in essential amino acids than the commercial diet during the nocturnal period.
Differential and temporal immunomodulation of alpha4 integrins on CD4+ memory cells by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis

DIFFERENTIAL AND TEMPORAL IMMUNOMODULATION OF ALPHA4 INTEGRINS ON CD4 MEMORY CELLS BY BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS AND BORDETELLA PARAPERTUSSIS by Dipti Ravindra Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis), is reemerging worldwide due to vaccine inefficacy. The hallmarks of infection are extreme lymphocy tosis and delayed recovery, which are partially associated with pertussis toxin . Lymphocytes migrate to infected tissues using trafficking receptors. Specific c ombinations of these lymphocyte trafficking receptors are identified for skin and gut but are not well established for lung. This study focused on the effect of pertussis toxin on lung-associated traffic king receptors and tested the hypothesis that pertussis toxin alters dendritic cell mprinting of lung trafficking receptors on T cells, thus delaying resolution of the infecti on. B. pertussis-infected mice were compared with pertussis toxin-deficient strains. Imprinting of trafficking receptors on allogeneic T cells by dendritic cells derived from Bordetella-infected mice was analyzed by flow cytometry. Mice infected with Bordetella strains showed an increase in mature dendritic cells on day 5 post-infection. Despite their mature phenotype, dendritic cells from B. pertussis infection, were compromised in their ability to imprint lung trafficking re ceptors on allogenic T cells. These results indicated a pertussis toxin-dependent def ct in dendritic cell imprinting of lung trafficking receptors on T cells. In conclusion, this s tudy provides important data for future vaccine development against respiratory pathogens.
Functional expression of uridine diphospho glucuronosyltransferases in fission yeast

Uridine diphospho (UDP) glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the transfer of a sugar moiety from UDP-sugar to endogenous or exogenous compounds. The water solubility of these substances is increased thereby and their excretion from the human body is facilitated. The resulting glycosides, mostly glucuronides, can be pharmacologically relevant and are therefore needed as purified metabolites as reference standards or for toxicity studies. In this work, a whole-cell biotransformation system using recombinant Schizosaccharomyces pombe for the production of glycosides is described. It is based on the coexpression of a single UGT isoform and human UDP glucose-6-dehydrogenase, which delivers UDP-glucuronic acid. The system existed for UGT1A9 and has been extended in this work to be established now for each of the 19 human (and one further polymorphic variant of UGT2B7) and one rat isoform. The system was applied for different purposes. In one study, the usage of alternative UDP-sugar cofactors was investigated and the glucosidation of ibuprofen was shown. Furthermore, enhanced glucoside production rates could be obtained by overexpression of the fission yeast gene fyu1, which was discovered to act as UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase. Investigations of glucuronidation properties of single isoforms and those of different functional groups were studied as well. So, the glucuronidation of two substrates, which just differed in their functional group, being a hydroxyl group or a thiol, was compared. Uridin-diphospho (UDP) Glukuronosyltransferasen (UGTs) katalysieren den Transfer eines Zuckers von UDP-Zucker auf endogene oder exogene Stoffe. Dies erhoht deren Wasserloslichkeit und erleichtert somit ihre Ausscheidung aus dem Korper. Die resultierenden Glykoside, meist Glukuronide, konnen pharmakologisch relevant sein und werden als Referenzstandards oder in Toxizitatsstudien benotigt. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ganzzell-Biotransformationssystem mit rekombinanten S. pombe-Zellen fur die Produktion von Glykosiden beschrieben. Es basiert auf der Koexpression einer einzelnen UGT-Isoform mit humaner UDP-Glukose-6-Dehydrogenase, die UDP-Glukuronsaure liefert. Das System war bereits im Vorfeld fur UGT1A9 etabliert worden und wurde in dieser Arbeit erweitert auf alle 19 humane UGT-Isoformen (und eine weitere Variante von UGT2B7) sowie eine Ratten-UGT. Es wurde eingesetzt, um den Gebrauch alternativer UDP-Zucker Kofaktoren zu untersuchen. So konnte die Glukosidierung von Ibuprofen gezeigt werden. Weiter konnte die Glukosid Produktion durch die Uberexpression des Spalthefe-Gens fyu1 erhoht werden. Dieses fungierte dabei als UDP-Glukose Pyrophosphorylase. Untersuchungen von Glukuronidierungs-Eigenschaften von einzelnen Isoformen und von verschiedenen funktionellen Gruppen wurden ebenfalls durchgefuhrt. So wurde die Glukuronidierung eines Substrates mit einer durch ein Thiol ersetzten Hydroxyl-Gruppe durch verschiedene UGT Isoformen verglichen.
Understanding the performance of free-space optics [Invited]

Given the relative newness of free-space optics (FSO) technology in commercial applications, few standardized metrics exist for comparing the performance of different systems. Our goal here is to explain some of the design issues surrounding FSO systems and to provide sufficient information to allow potential users to evaluate the suitability of a specific FSO system for a particular application. In addition, we attempt to define the realistic performance limitations of FSO on the basis of existing technology and also to set reasonable expectations with regard to atmospheric conditions.
Paropsine chrysomelid attack on plantations of Eucalyptus nitens in Tasmania.

Of the 36 species of paropsine chrysomelids occurring naturally on eucalypts in Tasmania, five species have been observed attacking the introduced eucalypt, E. nitens (Deane et Maiden) Maiden, which is the main eucalypt species used in commercial plantations in Tasmania. The chrysomelids are Paropsis porosa Erichson on seedlings; Chrysophtharta agricola (Chapuis) on juvenile foliage; and C. bimaculata (Olivier), P. delittlei Selman, and P. charybdis Stal on adult foliage. To date C. bimaculata has been the most significant pest causing extensive and severe defoliation on several occasions to E. nitens plantations in northern Tasmania. A preliminary appraisal has been made of the significance of attack experienced to date for plantation growth rates. With current planting rates of E. nitens at about 3500 ha per annum and likely to increase in the future, integrated control and resistance breeding programmes are needed to keep these pests in check.
Avaliação da volatilização de amônia utilizando diferentes procedimentos de aplicação do fertilizante no solo.

Resumo: A determinacao da amonia volatilizada proveniente da aplicacao de fertilizantes nitrogenados vem sendo quantificada por diferentes metodologias. Dentre os metodos baseados na captura da amonia volatilizada do solo, em meio acido, existe a câmara SALE (Câmara Semiaberta Livre Estatica) de baixo custo confeccionada com garrafas PET. Duas formas de dispersao das amostras de ureia sobre o solo foram avaliadas, utilizando um gabarito (0,60 m x 0,15 m) para adubacao de 21,5 g de fertilizante por planta e a delimitacao da quantidade aplicada a area de abertura da câmara SALE (0,008 m2), utilizando uma estrutura metalica para fixacao das câmaras. Para isto, o experimento foi delineado com 3 tratamentos com 5 repeticoes, um tratamento testemunha sem aplicacao de fertilizantes, dois tratamentos com aplicacao de fertilizante, utilizando um gabarito e na area delimitada pela abertura da câmara SALE. A amonia volatilizada foi amostrada ao longo de 18 dias, com amostragem diaria durante os 5 primeiros dias, e posteriormente 3 vezes na semana. Os resultados mostram diferencas significativas considerando a amostragem ao longo do tempo, apresentando volatilizacao maximas do 2o ao 4o dia apos a aplicacao da ureia. A comparacao entre formas de aplicacao da ureia nao apresentou diferencas significativas, comprovando que o metodo proposto de delimitacao da aplicacao a largura da câmara SALE pode ser utilizado em campo para as medidas de volatilizacao de amonia, com a vantagem de aumentar a precisao das amostragens.
Finite Convex Integration

Given a solution f of (Int), then any function of type f + K where K is constant is a solution as well. Thus, we consider an additional initial-type condition: fix a couple (x0, x ∗ 0) in the family and λ0 ∈ R , consider only the lower semi-continuous convex functions that satisfy f(x0) = λ0 and x ∗ i ∈ ∂f(xi) ∀ i ∈ I. We denote by F the set of all such functions. In both cases (continuous or finite), this solution set F is empty unless a cyclic-monotonicity type condition, that we call (CM),
Acquisition of marine point receiver seismic data with a towed streamer.

Summary A new concept for the acquisition of point receiver towed streamer data is introduced. Recording of point receiver data, rather than the analogue outputs of hardwired arrays, enables both dynamic group forming and enhanced attenuation of noise. Dynamic group forming allows better signal preservation and enhanced frequency recovery, particularly at far offsets. Data adaptive noise attenuation methods allows improved attenuation of the low frequency noise induced by water flow around the streamer, enabling the enhancement of the low frequency signal-to-noise ratio through avoidance of low cut filters. Point receiver marine seismic data will improve the dynamic range of the seismic signal and enhance the viability of time-lapse monitoring of reservoirs with towed streamer data.
Development of Leaf Area Meter Using Open CV for Smartphone Application

This study aimed to design an accurate and practical system of leaf area determination using a smartphone. A software application for leaf area computation was developed using Open CV (Open Source Computer Vision) library. Open CV software was tested to estimate the accuracy of leaf area calculation. Leaf area calculations were undertaken using three different image resolutions to compare their accuracy. The results of the software calculations were then compared with the results of the laboratory leaf area meter to identify any errors. The results showed that higher image resolutions improved accuracy by reducing errors. High resolution image gave higher accuracy, however processing speed decreased. Leaf measurement in this project resulted in accuracy range between 92.8% to 99.0%. It was concluded that the Open CV algorithm gave fast and adequate accuracy for leaf area calculation, and that the smartphone mobile application system was practical for field use.
The Effect of Wire Dimension, Type and Thickness of Coating Layer on Friction of Coated Stainless-Steel Arch Wires

Background/Purpose: Esthetic coated arch wires are the desired types to match esthetic brackets in the clinical orthodontics, but the presence of coating layer is greatly affect friction during sliding mechanics. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of total wire dimension with the type and thickness of coating layer on friction of coated stainless-steel wires. Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 140 segments of coated stainless-steel arch wires involving two wire dimensions (0.016 × 0.022 inch and 0.019 × 0.025 inch). The samples were supplied from seven companies (DB, RMO, TP, DANY, G&H, Highland and Hubit) and the uncoated control samples were supplied from IOS company. Wire dimensions and thickness of coating layer were measured by the metallurgical light incident microscope and the static frictional force was measured using pulling the wire through set of ceramic brackets by the universal testing machine. The data were then statistically analyzed using ANOVA tests. Results: Generally measured wire dimensions do not match the stated dimensions by the manufacturer. The frictional forces of coated wires differ from uncoated control being higher in the labially coated wires and lesser in the fully Teflon coated wires owing to differences in the wire dimension, thickness of coating layer, and physical properties of coating materials. Conclusion: when tested in vitro, Teflon fully coated wires produce the least amount of friction.
A Non-Invasive Approach for the Detection and Monitoring of Diabetes in Mexico

The approximation of a Real-Time System for Detecting and Monitoring Diabetes is a model and a simulation of a functional system to help detect and monitor Diabetes Mellitus (DM) using non-invasive input devices. First, the public health problem of this disease is discussed and then; the general and particular system architecture is presented along with the methodologies of system design in real time computer such as SA-RT, LACATRE as well as a detailed explanation of the diagrams and system modules, and an analysis of faults is performed using Markov chains, plus an approximation of a proposal of a mathematical model for the prototype of a device for non-invasive monitoring glucose. Furthermore, it is considered necessary, the collaborative work in synergy with multidisciplinary professionals that include: Computer Science, Electronics Sciences, Chemical Sciences and Health Sciences.
Model reduction using proper orthogonal decomposition and predictive control of distributed reactor system

This paper studies the application of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to reduce the order of distributed reactor models with axial and radial diffusion and the implementation of model predictive control (MPC) based on discrete-time linear time invariant (LTI) reduced-ordermodels. In this paper, the control objective is to keep the operation of the reactor at a desired operating condition in spite of the disturbances in the feed flow. This operating condition is determined by means of an optimization algorithm that provides the optimal temperature and concentration profiles for the system. Around these optimal profiles, the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), that model the reactor are linearized, and afterwards the linear PDEs are discretized in space giving as a result a high-order linear model. POD and Galerkin projection are used to derive the low-order linear model that captures the dominant dynamics of the PDEs, which are subsequently used for controller design. An MPC formulation is constructed on the basis of the low-order linear model. The proposed approach is tested through simulation, and it is shown that the results are good with regard to keep the operation of the reactor.
Achiral and chiral analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the aquatic and riparian food webs in Twelve Mile Creek, South Carolina.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination in the Twelve Mile Creek arm of Lake Hartwell, South Carolina, has been an issue for decades. Lake Hartwell, which is a reservoir located on the border between the states of South Carolina and Georgia, was contaminated with an estimated 440,000 pounds of PCBs. PCBs were released from the Sangamo-Weston capacitor plant located on Town Creek, which feeds into Twelve Mile Creek and ultimately Lake Hartwell. The Twelve Mile Creek tributary connecting the Sangamo-Weston plant to Lake Hartwell has had little attention. Understanding PCBs contamination in the aquatic and riparian food webs of Twelve Mile Creek has not been comprehensively investigated to date. With the dominant properties of this class of organochlorine compounds such as low solubility, and high lipophilicity, PCBs are considered resistant to degradation in the environment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis was to evaluate the pattern of the PCBs contribution to the aquatic and riparian food webs and biological processes governing transfer of PCBs through food webs in Twelve Mile Creek. PCB analyses were conducted on sediments, aquatic and riparian organisms from Twelve Mile Creek, which were collected as part of a larger project by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Achiral PCBs analysis provided insight into total PCBs content of various trophic levels, and also on biomagnification of PCBs through the food webs. Chiral analysis of atropisomeric PCBs provided insight into biological discrimination between PCB congener enantiomers during uptake and biodegradation
Population genetic structure and postglacial colonization of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar )i n the Baltic Sea area based on microsatellite DNA variation

The genetic structure and phylogeography of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) across the Baltic Sea basin and neighbouring areas (eastern Atlantic Ocean, North Sea, Barents Sea, White Sea, and two Russian lakes, Onega and Ladoga) were studied to resolve the partly contradictory hypotheses of the species' postglacial colonization history. Thirty-eight populations (total of 2180 individuals) were studied for nine DNA microsatellite loci. Within the Baltic Sea, the anadromous populations formed three clear groups, corresponding to the northern (Gulf of Bothnia), eastern (Gulf of Finland and eastern Baltic Main Basin), and southern regions (western Baltic Main Basin). The genetic differ- ences among these three groups were clearly greater (GGB 5.6%; GGB being the proportion of diversity components between regions within basins) than were those among population groups in the eastern Atlantic Ocean (GGB 2.2%) from Ireland to the White Sea. The isolation-by-distance model explained part of the differentiation within, but not between, the regions. The results strongly indicate colonization of the Baltic Sea by at least three glacial lineages. Potential refugium areas for each lineage are proposed.
Excision for $K$-theory of connective ring spectra

We extend Geisser and Hesselholt's result on ``bi-relative K-theory'' from discrete rings to connective ring spectra. That is, if $\mathcal A$ is a homotopy cartesian $n$-cube of ring spectra (satisfying connectivity hypotheses), then the $(n+1)$-cube induced by the cyclotomic trace $$K(\mathcal A)\to TC(\mathcal A)$$ is homotopy cartesian after profinite completion. In other words, the fiber of the profinitely completed cyclotomic trace satisfies excision.
Analysis of 1 Million 3D Foot Scans from North America, Europe, Asia and Australia

The purpose of this study was to perform a preliminary analysis of 1 million 3D Foot scans. Data were collected with Volumental 3D foot scanners, located in footwear stores in North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Foot length and foot width measurements were extracted from the 3D scans using an algorithmic method. Kernel density estimation was performed for each gender and region to compare the distributions of foot length and relative foot width across the studied regions. The results show that Asian customers have significantly shorter and relatively wider feet than customers in other regions.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FUROSEMIDE LIQUISOLID COMPACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to enhance the dissolution pattern of the practically water-insoluble diuretic drug, furosemide through its formulation into liquisolid tablets. Methods: A mathematical model was used to formulate four liquisolid powder systems using polyethylene glycol 400 as a non-volatile water miscible liquid vehicle. The liquid loading factors of the vehicle were used to calculate the optimum quantities of carrier (Avicel PH 102) and coating materials (Aerosil 200) needed to prepare acceptably flowing and compactible powder mixtures and (R) ratio used was 25. The liquisolid tablets were evaluated for weight variation, percent friability, hardness, content uniformity, disintegration time and in vitro drug release profile. Drug and the prepared systems were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies. Results: The enhanced dissolution rate due to the increased wetting properties and the large available surface areas for dissolution were obtained in case of the liquisolid tablets. The selected optimal formulation (F2) of 50% drug concentration released 90% of its content during the first 10 min compared to 65% of DCT. FTIR studies revealed that there was no interaction between drug and polymers. DSC and PXRD indicated conversion of crystalline to amorphous form of furosemide. Conclusion: The dissolution rate of furosemide can be enhanced to a great extent by liquisolid technique.
Dynamic Integration of Interpolating Functions and Some Concrete Optimal Stopping Problems

This article describes a streamlined method for simultaneous integration of an entire family of interpolating functions that uses one and the same interpolation grid in one or more dimensions. A method for creating customized quadrature/cubature rules that takes advantage of certain special features of Mathematica’s InterpolatingFunction objects is presented. The use of such rules leads to a new and more efficient implementation of the method for optimal stopping of stochastic systems that was developed in [1]. In particular, this new implementation allows one to extend the scope of the method to free boundary optimal stopping problems in higher dimensions. Concrete applications to finance~mainly to Americanstyle financial derivatives~are presented. In particular, the price of an American put option that can be exercised with any one of two uncorrelated underlying assets is calculated as a function of the observed prices. This method is similar in nature to the well-known Longstaff|Schwartz algorithm, but does not involve Monte|Carlo simulation of any kind.
Porosity criterion for hyperbolic voids and the cosmic microwave background

The degree of randomness in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps has been shown to be measurable and indicative of the hyperbolic effect of voids on the propagation of the photon beams. In terms of an introduced porosity parameter, we now obtain the criterion for a hyperbolicity due to domination of voids in the line-of-sight direction. The criterion seems to be supported by the parameters of 30 Mpc scale voids revealed by the galactic redshift surveys. The importance of the geometrical effect of the voids is also due to their possible role in the temperature independent ellipticity of the excursion sets, as well as in the nature of dark energy. The role of possible larger scale inhomogeneities, from superclusters to semi-Hubble scale, in this effect remains yet unclear.