Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efferent modulation of hair cell tuning in the cochlea of the turtle.

Intracellular recordings were made from turtle cochlear hair cells in order to study the changes in their tuning properties resulting from electrical stimulation of the efferent axons. Efferent stimulation caused a reduction in the amplitude of the receptor potential at the hair cell's most sensitive or characteristic frequency, an increased amplitude at frequencies more than an octave below the characteristic frequency, and no change at very high frequencies. These differential effects resulted in a broadening of each cell's tuning curve, which, during maximal efferent stimulation degenerated from a sharply tuned resonance to a critically damped low‐pass filter. Efferent alterations in tuning were also inferred from the oscillations in membrane potential produced by acoustic clicks or extrinsic currents. The quality factor (Q) of tuning, derived from the decay of the oscillations, was progressively reduced with synaptic hyperpolarizations up to about 5 mV in amplitude. A consequence of efferent action was that the wave forms of transient pressure changes were more faithfully encoded as changes in hair cell membrane potential. Hyperpolarization of a hair cell by steady current injection resulted in a lowering of its characteristic frequency and quality factor, and an increase in steady‐state resistance. By comparison, for a given reduction in quality factor, efferent stimulation was associated with a smaller change in characteristic frequency. This difference is expected if the resonance is also damped by the shunting action of the synaptic conductance. Perfusion with perilymphs containing 0.5‐15 mM of the potassium channel blocker, tetraethylammonium bromide (TEA) reduced the hair cell's frequency selectivity, whether assayed acoustically or with extrinsic currents. Lower TEA concentrations abolished the efferent inhibitory post‐synaptic potential with only a minor change in tuning. TEA produced other effects different from efferent stimulation including (i) a lowering of the characteristic frequency, and (ii) a highly asymmetric receptor potential. These observations suggest that the efferents do not simply block membrane conductances associated with tuning. We conclude that the efferent modification of the shape of the tuning curve may be a composite result of the synaptic conductance and the hyperpolarization of the hair cell membrane.
Atomic force microscopy to study molecular mechanisms of amyloid fibril formation and toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia and memory loss for which no cure or effective prevention is currently available. Neurodegeneration in AD is linked to formation of amyloid plaques found in brain tissues of Alzheimer’s patients during post-mortem examination. Amyloid plaques are composed of amyloid fibrils and small oligomers – insoluble protein aggregates. Although amyloid plaques are found on the neuronal cell surfaces, the mechanism of amyloid toxicity is still not well understood. Currently, it is believed that the cytotoxicity is a result of the nonspecific interaction of small soluble amyloid oligomers (rather than longer fibrils) with the plasma membrane. In recent years, nanotechnology has contributed significantly to understanding the structure and function of lipid membranes and to the study of the molecular mechanisms of membrane-associated diseases. We review the current state of research, including applications of the latest nanotechnology approaches, on the interaction of lipid membranes with the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in relation to amyloid toxicity. We discuss the interactions of Aβ with model lipid membranes with a focus to demonstrate that composition, charge and phase of the lipid membrane, as well as lipid domains and rafts, affect the binding of Aβ to the membrane and contribute to toxicity. Understanding the role of the lipid membrane in AD at the nanoscale and molecular level will contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of amyloid toxicity and may aid into the development of novel preventive strategies to combat AD.
The outcome and structural integrity of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with use of the double-row suture anchor technique.

BACKGROUND The reported rate of failure after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair has varied widely. The influence of the repair technique on the failure rates and functional outcomes after open or arthroscopic rotator cuff repair remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the functional and anatomic results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs performed with the double-row suture anchor technique on the basis of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging arthrography in order to determine the postoperative integrity of the repairs. METHODS A prospective series of 105 consecutive shoulders undergoing arthroscopic double-row rotator cuff repair of the supraspinatus or a combination of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus were evaluated at a minimum of two years after surgery. The evaluation included a routine history and physical examination as well as determination of the preoperative and postoperative strength, pain, range of motion, and Constant scores. All shoulders had a preoperative and postoperative computed tomography arthrogram (103 shoulders) or magnetic resonance imaging arthrogram (two shoulders). RESULTS There were thirty-six small rotator cuff tears, forty-seven large isolated supraspinatus or combined supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon tears, and twenty-two massive rotator cuff tears. The mean Constant score (and standard deviation) was 43.2+/-15.1 points (range, 8 to 83 points) preoperatively and 80.1+/-11.1 points (range, 46 to 100 points) postoperatively. Twelve of the 105 repairs failed. Intact rotator cuff repairs were associated with significantly increased strength and active range of motion. CONCLUSIONS Arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear with use of the double-row suture anchor technique results in a much lower rate of failure than has previously been reported in association with either open or arthroscopic repair methods. Patients with an intact rotator cuff repair have better pain relief than those with a failed repair. After repair, large and massive rotator cuff tears result in more postoperative weakness than small tears do.
Hyaline-membrane disease, alkaline buffer treatment, and cerebral intraventricular halphaemorrhage.

In 55 preterm infants dying from hyaline-membrane disease (H.M.D.) in 1971-74, infants with associated cerebral intraventricular haemorrhage (H.M.D./I.V.H.) had been given more intravascular sodium-bicarbonate solution, but the same proportions of cases with H.M.D. and H.M.D./I.V. H. received bicarbonate at the time of birth. Much of the sodium-bicarbonate solution given to H.M.D./I.V. H. infants was injected in response to the clinical effects of I.V. H. Maximum serum-sodium concentrations correlated with sodium-bicarbonate dosage but not I.V. H. The incidence of I.V. H. in preterm infants in 1971-74 was unchanged from 1956-59 when alkaline buffer treatment was not used. These findings do not suggest that sodium-bicarbonate therapy plays a major part in the pathogenesis of I.V. H.
Multi-document summarization based on sentence cluster using non-negative matrix factorization

Multi-document summarization aims to produce a concise summary that contains salient information from a set of source documents. Many approaches use statistics and machine learning techniques to extract sentences from documents. In this paper, we propose a new multi-document summarization framework based on sentence cluster using Nonnegative Matrix Tri-Factorization (NMTF). The proposed framework employs NMTF to cluster sentences using inter-type relationships among documents, sentences and terms, and incorporate the intra-type information through manifold regularization. The most informative sentences are selected from each sentence cluster to form the summary. When evaluated on the DUC2004 and TAC2008 datasets, the performance of the proposed framework is comparable with that of the top three systems.
A hybrid VNS matheuristic for a bin packing problem with a color constraint

We study a new variant of the bin packing problem with a color constraint. Given a finite set of items, each item has a set of colors. Each bin has a color capacity, the total number of colors for a bin is the unification of colors for its items and cannot exceed the bin capacity. We need to pack all items into the minimal number of bins. For this NP-hard problem we present approximability results and design a hybrid matheuristic based on the column generation technique. A hybrid VNS heuristic is applied to the pricing problem. The column generation method provides a lower bound and a core subset of the most promising bin patterns. Fast heuristics and exact solution for this core produce upper bounds. Computational experiments for test instances with number of items up to 500 illustrate the efficiency of the approach.
Speed and Learning in High-Frequency Auctions

Abstract Faster trading improves liquidity in periodic call auction markets, in contrast to continuous-time markets. We build a model where high-frequency traders (HFTs) engage in duels to trade on stale quotes. More frequent periodic auctions increase the likelihood that a single HFT arrives in any given auction and subsequently acts as a monopolist on information. Higher trading speed increases the expected number of arbitrageurs participating in auctions, promoting competition between snipers and improving liquidity. We find that faster trading and longer auction intervals are substitute instruments to reduce bid-ask spreads. Relative to continuous-time trading, periodic batch auctions reduce HFT informational rents.
Small-Data Analytical Culture Analytics in ERP

[C]ulture is an important factor at the policy and strategy levels. The ability to understand and appreciate the role and impact of culture on policy and strategy is increasingly seen as a critical strategic thinking skill. Cultural proficiency at the policy and strategic levels means that ability to consider history, values, ideology, politics, religion, and other cultural dimensions and assess their potential effect on policy and strategy. [Culture as a framework] includes the following dimensions: cultural considerations at the individual level; cultural considerations in tactical and operational level. ; and cultural considerations at the [policy] and strategic levels. Kim, J. (2009, p. vii).
Optimisation des capacités de franchissement des robots mobiles hybrides "roues-pattes"

On considere qu'un robot est en mesure de franchir un obstacle s'il est capable, pour chaque configuration geometrique des contacts rencontree durant le franchissement, d'equilibrer les actions exterieures qu'il subit tout en preservant l'adherence des contacts. Notre approche consiste a optimiser la repartition des efforts de contact afin de maximiser un critere qualifiant la performance du franchissement. Pour cela, nous mettons a profit deux caracteristiques des robots poly-articules. D'une part, la redondance d'actionnement permet l'application de forces internes modifiant la repartition des efforts entre les differents points de contact. D'autre part, la redondance cinematique permet de changer la position du point d'application des forces de gravite en deplacant le centre de masse relativement a la position des contacts, modifiant ainsi l'espace des solutions au probleme de distribution des forces. Le critere utilise qualifie la robustesse du franchissement vis-a-vis des incertitudes de la commande en efforts. Elle est choisie a partir d'une analyse comparative des differents criteres utilises dans le domaine de la prehension dextre. L'algorithme de commande que nous developpons permet le controle simultane des mouvements du robot et des efforts aux contact. Il est d'abord valide par une serie de simulations dynamiques puis verifie sur le prototype de robot hybride HyLoS 2. Ce robot a 4 "roues-pattes" possede 16 ddl et est en mesure de franchir un obstacle represente par une pente de 60\char6 ayant une hauteur de 19 cm alors que le rayon de ses roues est de 7 cm.
Estudio in vitro e in vivo de materiales metálicos de base magnesio microestructurados reabsorbibles y multifuncionales para la osteosíntesis de fracturas

El magnesio y sus aleaciones se plantean como implantes temporales endoprotesicos porque conjugan la capacidad de biodegradacion con las propiedades mecanicas de los materiales metalicos. Entre sus caracteristicas, los valores de densidad, modulo elastico, resistencia a la comprension y resistencia a cargas ciclicas, son mas cercanas a las del hueso que la de los materiales empleados actualmente. No obstante, su investigacion y desarrollo se ve cuestionado debido a un proceso de biodegradacion muy rapido que puede comprometer con el tiempo las propiedades mecanicas. Tambien hay cuestiones sin resolver como el diferentes comportamiento in vitro e in vivo y su gran variabilidad. Asi como la obtencion de parametros que expliquen estas diferencias tan acusadas de comportamiento. (extracto sacado del informe del la Dra. Da. Maria Lorenza Escudero Rincon).
[D-lactic acidosis in short bowel syndrome].

A boy of 20 months and a girl of 27 months who had previously undergone massive bowel resection due to congenital intestinal obstruction are described. During gradual reduction of total parenteral nutrition and initiation of oral feeding, both developed severe, acute metabolic acidosis, accompanied by encephalopathy and ataxia. After the laboratory identification of massive amounts of the d-isomer of lactic acid in urine and blood, both were successfully treated with i.v. bicarbonate, and metronidazole to suppress the overgrowth of colonic lactobacilli responsible for the metabolic crisis.
Path Loss Models and Large Scale Fading Statistics for C-Band Train-to-Train Communication

The profound knowledge of wireless propagation is essential for wireless communication between vehicles. To evolve and test communication standards we need channel models in representative environments to neither over-, nor underestimate the effect of the surrounding environment and the movement of the vehicles; typical environments for railway communication are railway station, open field and hilly environments. We introduce train-to-train (T2T) path loss models and large scale fading statistics based on channel sounder measurement data as a first step towards a geometry-based stochastic channel model (GSCM). The models represent the mentioned typical environments for railway applications. We compare the results with previous published intelligent transportation system (ITS-G5) measurement based models and highlight the differences.
Do Financial Investment Decisions Affect Economic Development?

The purpose of this chapter is to determine whether mortgage loans have an influence on economic growth in Turkey. In this context, as the variable of the mortgage, the ratio of the mortgage loans to the total loans is taken into consideration. Also, the increase ratio in GDP is used as an economic growth variable. In addition to this situation, quarterly data of these variables for the periods between 2005:1 and 2017:3 is examined. On the other hand, Engle-Granger cointegration analysis is considered in this study in order to reach this objective. In the analysis process, firstly, the variables are subjected to the ADF unit root test, and it is understood that both variables become stationary by taking first order differences. It is identified that there is a long-term relationship between mortgage loans and economic growth in Turkey. By considering these results, it is recommended to encourage mortgage loans in order to increase economic growth.
Purification And Characterization Of G . M. Morsitans Midgut Trypanolysin

In the present study, a trypanolysin induced by component of blood meal in the midgut of tsetse G. m. morsitans was isolated and purified in three steps. The first step was achieved by separation of the midgut homogenate on a conventional anion-exchange chromatography column. The highest trypanolysin activity was recovered in the bound fractions (95%, 05 M NaCl). In the second step, isolation was achieved on a Mono Q anionexchange column by elution at 70-80% 1 M NaCl. The third step of isolation-purification was achieved by using epoxy-activated Sepharose 6-B-affinity chromatography column. In this case, the trypanolysin was eluted using 20 mM Tris-HCl. The purified native G. m. morsitans trypanolysin was of Mw ≈ 669 kDa, while ≈ 14 kDa trypanolysin was shown in denaturing trypanolysin SDS-PAGE gel for the same tsetse species. It was noticed that the purified trypanolysin was lipidated and also found to be glycosylated.
Determining Msme’s Product Selling Price Based on Price Comparison on E-Commerce Site

Currently, people began to take advantage of e-commerce to reduce time with conventional shopping. With on-line shopping, people can save time, and energy because without having to visit the store, also traffic jams. In connection with this, emerged some e-commerce sites are often used as a reference for on-line shopping. From several sites, only three sites were chosen as research objects focusing on selling the price of the same product. The initial stage of the research concluded that the determination of the selling price can not be done considering the difficulty of obtaining information from the sellers. Research is ultimately done by comparing prices obtained from two price comparison sites, to support the acquisition of information. Therefore, it is recommended in subsequent research to observe the sale of certain MSME products on various e-commerce sites and examine why the trend of sellers increases or decreases.
Surgical management of non‐colorectal hepatic metastasis

Isolated hepatic metastases from non‐colorectal primary tumors are rare. Patients with neuroendocrine tumors have an indolent biology compared with other non‐colorectal histologies. This article discusses the surgical management options for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases and, separately, for those with non‐colorectal, non‐neuroendocrine metastases. Emphasis is placed on the importance of patient selection, understanding the tumor biology and response to systemic therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:8–13. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Top Stocks: A Broad Analysis of Its Performance and Search for Hidden Relationships

This thesis focuses on the exploration of the basic characteristics of the Czech equity fund ‘TOP STOCKS open mutual fund’ and a detailed analysis of the portfolio performance with respect to industry classification. Uniquely collected data from the fund’s establishment allow us to make analysis to the fullest extent possible. Additionally, our dataset may be the basis for further studies of this fund as it is the first of its kind and scope. The research question investigates the connection between the portfolio performance and its industrial structure. Various classification schemes are summarised in the first part of the thesis, including the Global Industry Classification Standard used in our study. Subsequently, appropriate tools for a regression and forecast analysis are presented, mainly the Box-Jenkins method used to fit the ARIMA model to historical data and forecast values of weekly NAV. The results show that a stock-picking strategy operates effectively and immediately reacts to the market development of industry groups, resulting in a protection of investors. Also, the exchange rate commitment of the Czech National Bank supported excessive cash inflow to the fund resulting in considerable performance stimulation during last years. Future research may build on these findings.
The Mobile-based learning (MBL) in Japan

The latest breakthrough in the cellular phone technology had opened the door to new learning possibility in Japan. Today, about 73 million mobile phones are subscribed and about 3/4 of those mobile phones are capable of browsing mobile Internet in Japan. The paper briefly explains a mobile-based learning (MBL) practice, which takes place in Japan. Also, the paper attempts to see how it differs from Web-based training (WBT) from a system designer's point of view.
Programmation logique : non-commutativité et polarisation

Dans cette these, je m'interesse aux langages de programmation logique, fondes sur l'isomorphisme de Curry-Howard (programmation - recherche de preuve dans une logique). Afin d'accroitre le pouvoir d'expression de tels langages, je propose de definir un langage de programmation logique base sur la logique non-commutative (nl) de Ruet. Dans ce cadre, j'ai realise le prouveur de theoremes sigma 1 3 qui exploite les proprietes de focalisation et de reversibilite des formules logiques, et possede une implementation sequentielle des phenomenes d'extraction de formules et de separation de ressources. Son evolution a donne lieu au langage de programmation noclog decline en deux versions, basees sur l'alternance des comportements synchrones et asynchrones des connecteurs logiques de nl. Ce travail a permis d'exhiber le pouvoir de representation spatiale de la logique non-commutative et les limites du focusing, entre autres dans la representation des decompositions partielles. Me replacant dans un formalisme commutatif, mes travaux se sont orientes vers l'etude de la logique lineaire polarisee afin d'etudier la nature fondamentale des langages de programmation logique vis-a-vis du paradigme de la focalisation. De ces travaux sont issus une nouvelle division en quatre classes des formules logiques et les deux calculs des sequents llpn et llpp. Ces derniers, eliminant par le fait la frontiere entre logique et programmation logique, sont deux langages de programmation polarises. Ces dernieres avancees permettent de representer les phenomenes de decompositions partielles et de representation du temps logique. On peut ainsi modeliser la sequentialite ou la non-commutativite temporelle grâce a l'utilisation de doubles decalages, contrairement