Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SeeWord - a personal word processing environment for dyslexic computer users

See Word is a highly configurable word processing environment, which assists dyslexic users when producing and reading text. The software was developed using a user-centred development cycle where user feedback contributed to each revision. Evaluations showed that users were able to find individualised combinations of settings using the specialised software, which they used in preference to the black-on-white text that is usually displayed on computer monitors. Three separate prototypes of the software were developed and evaluated. The third prototype was used in an experimental study with 6 dyslexic school pupils. The research showed that 5 out of the 6 dyslexic users aged 14-16 years benefited from the use of specialised software when reading text from a computer screen. Participants were able to read standard texts from a screen significantly more accurately with the aid of SeeWord. All participants reported that they felt they could read text from the screen better using the software. The results suggest that a larger scale evaluation of the software would provide valuable information about problems associated with computer use by people with dyslexia. A further study into the visual processes involved in dyslexia would also be of great value.
Recent Advances in the Liquid‐Phase Synthesis of Metal Nanostructures with Controlled Shape and Size for Catalysis

Recent advances in the liquid‐phase synthesis of metal nanostructures of different sizes and shapes are reviewed regarding their catalytic properties. The controlled synthesis of nanostructures is based on the colloid chemistry techniques in the solution, which use organic nanoreactors and a variety of stabilizers. Their catalytic activity and selectivity depend on the particle's shape and size, as shown for Suzuki and Heck coupling, hydrogenations, hydrogenolysis, oxidations, and electron‐transfer reactions. The knowledge of a reaction's structure‐sensitivity relationship is important for the rational catalyst design in view of process intensification. Nanostructures can be used per se and in supported form to meet the requirements of an eventual process.
Codiffusion Sources and Barriers for the Assembly of Back-Contact Back-Junction Solar Cells

In this study, several diffusion sources are investigated, aiming at codiffusion for the fabrication of back-contact back-junction (BC-BJ) silicon solar cell. As a gaseous diffusion source, a POCl3 -diffusion process is investigated, and for solid diffusion sources, phosphorusand boron-doped silicate glass (PSG and BSG) deposited by the means of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition are considered. The n+ -doped areas diffused from a solid PSG layer allow for a precise adjustment of the sheet resistance (Rsh) in the range of 40-400 Ω/sq, along with a dark saturation current density (Jo) of 55 fA/cm2. Subsequently, boron diffusion from solid BSG layer leads to p+ -doped areas with high doping levels (Rsh = 50 Ω/sq). However, gaseous POCl3 diffusion in combination with solid boron diffusion from the BSG layer can only be successfully performed if the BSG layer is protected with an SiOx layer. Furthermore, by adjusting the gas flows during POCl3 diffusion, n+ -doped areas with Rsh in the range of 150- 300 Ω/sq are achieved. The corresponding surfaces feature Jo values of 30 fA/cm2. The result of this study is a flexible codiffusion setup allowing for the efficient integration in advanced process chains of BC-BJ solar cells which results in the cell efficiencies well above above η = 20%.
Design of a collision detection VLSI processor based on minimization of area-time products

This paper presents the design of a new high-performance VLSI processor based on a systematic methodology for area minimization under a time constraint. A VLSI-oriented algorithm based on regular iterations of coordinate transformation and matching operation are introduced. The VLSI-processor consists of several identical clusters which has a CAM for parallel matching operation and PEs for parallel coordinate transformation. Under a condition of 100% utilization of PEs and a CAM, area minimization of the VLSI-processor is attributed to minimization of area-time products of a CAM and a PE. A multiport CAM (MCAM) and a PE based on bit-serial pipelined architecture can be efficiently employed for the minimization. The result shows that the total area can be reduced by about 30% in comparison with a straightforward design and that the performance is several ten thousand times higher than that of a general-purpose processor.
Mortality of Harmful Drinkers Increased after Reduction of Alcohol Prices in Northern Finland: A 10-Year Follow-Up of Head Trauma Subjects

Objective: Alcohol-related mortality may be influenced by the level of alcohol consumption. We investigated the effect of alcohol price reduction on mortality in a cohort of 827 subjects with head injury. Methods: We used the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register to identify all diagnoses recorded during hospital and health center visits for survivors of the index injury during a follow-up of 10 years. Mortality data were gathered from death records obtained from the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify independent predictors for death. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to characterize the effect of alcohol price reduction on mortality of harmful and non-harmful drinkers. Results: Alcohol-related deaths increased after the reduction of alcohol prices on March 1, 2004. Subjects recorded as harmful drinkers during the follow-up period were significantly (p < 0.001) more likely than others to die after the price reduction. Older age (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.07), moderate-to-severe brain injury (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.59–3.60) and harmful drinking recorded after the index trauma (HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.62–4.62) were significant (p < 0.001) predictors for death. Conclusion: We conclude that a political decision to lower the price of alcohol may cause a significant increase in the death rate of harmful drinkers.
Parametric amplification in a torsional microresonator

We observe parametric amplification in a torsional micron-scale mechanical resonator. An applied voltage is used to make a dynamic change to the torsional spring constant. Oscillating the spring constant at twice the resonant frequency results in a phase dependent amplification of the resonant motion. Our results agree well with the theory of parametric amplification. By taking swept frequency measurements, we observe interesting structure in the resonant response curves.
Calcium intakes among Australian women: Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

BACKGROUND Dietary calcium deficiency may be a risk factor for osteoporosis. AIMS To estimate habitual calcium intakes and prevalence of calcium supplementation among free-living Australian women and validate a calcium-specific food-frequency questionnaire. METHODS Calcium intakes for 1045 randomly selected women (20-92 years) were estimated by questionnaire which was tested against estimates from four day weighed records kept by 32 randomly selected women. RESULTS The mean difference between calcium estimates was not statistically significantly different from zero (mean difference=121 mg; standard deviation of differences=357 mg; p>0.05). There was moderate agreement (weighted kappa=0.4) between methods in ranking subjects into tertiles of calcium intake. Mean dietary calcium intakes were 615 mg/day for 20-54 years, 646 mg/day for 55-92 years and 782 mg/day for lactating women. Seventy-six per cent of women aged 20-54 years, 87% of older and 82% of lactating women had intakes below the recommended dietary intake (RDI). There was no association detected between calcium intake and age. Dairy foods provided 79.0% of dietary calcium intake. Calcium supplements were used by 6.6% and multivitamins by a further 4.3% of women. Supplementation was independent of dietary calcium intake and more likely used by postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that 76% of women consume less than the RDI even when supplemental calcium is included. Furthermore, 14% have less than the minimal requirement of 300 mg/day and would, therefore, be in negative calcium balance and at risk of bone loss. Despite advertising campaigns promoting better nutrition and increased awareness of osteoporosis, many women are failing to achieve an adequate calcium intake.
İŞGÖRENLERİN ETKİLEŞİMCİ LİDERLİK VE ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK İLE İLGİLİ TUTUMLARINA YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Bu arastirmanin amaci isgorenlerin orgutsel baglilik ve etkilesimci liderlik davranislarina yonelik tutumlarini belirlemektir. Antalya, Aydin ve Mugla’daki dort ve bes yildizli konaklama isletmelerinde calisanlara, Avolio ve Bass’in gelistirdikleri coklu faktor liderlik olcegi (MLQ) ve Allen ve Meyer’in orgutsel baglilik olcegi gozden gecirilerek uygulanmistir. Arastirma sonucunda, isgorenlerin orgutsel bagliliginin ilimli ve etkilesimci liderlik davranisina yonelik tutumlarinin da orta duzeyde oldugu gorulmustur.
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Sample Preparation

The sample treatment/preparation steps involve any operation and manipulation of the samples prior to instrumental determination of the target compounds [1−3]. This is a critical step in the analytical process because the concentration of target analytes in the samples is frequently too low for quantification. Thus, the first step of the preparation protocol involves the exhaustive extraction/concentration of the analytes from the matrix. Commonly, the initial step is nonselective and the obtained extracts require subsequent purification before final instrumental determination. Purification or clean-up treatments are usually carried out off-line, which negatively affects throughput and analysis cost in terms of both time and reagent consumption, makes the procedures susceptible to contamination and degradation of the analytes, and often results in the generation of relatively large amounts of waste. Appropriate selection and optimisation of the sample preparation procedure is a key aspect within the analytical process which can greatly affect the reliability and the accuracy of the results [1, 4].
A rotation design to reduce weed density in organic farming

Abstract Weeds are a major obstacle to successful crop production in organic farming. Producers may be able to reduce inputs for weed management by designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Population-based management in conventional farming has reduced herbicide use by 50% because weed density declines in cropland across time. In this paper, we suggest a 9-year rotation comprised of perennial forages and annual crops that will disrupt weed population growth and reduce weed density in organic systems. Lower weed density will also improve effectiveness of weed control tactics used for an individual crop. The rotation includes 3-year intervals of no-till, which will improve both weed population management and soil health. Even though this rotation has not been field tested, it provides an example of designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Also, producers may gain additional benefits of higher crop yield and increased nitrogen supply with this rotation design.
Clinical utility of lateral head tilt posturography.

The Sensory Organization Test (SOT) of dynamic posturography, a functional test of balance, has a low sensitivity for compensated unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions. Tilting the head 45 degrees laterally during SOT [i.e. lateral heat tilt (LHT) SOT] may better detect such lesions. Normal subjects and vestibular clinic patients were studied using SOT and LHT SOT. Caloric, rotational chair, and oculomotor testing were also performed for patients, in either a double-blind or non-double-blind manner. The results for both patient groups were similar and thus were collapsed. Normative LHT SOT performance ranges were established to be slightly lower than corresponding SOT scores, for subjects aged 20-59 years. Subjects in older age groups performed with similar equilibrium scores in both SOT and LHT SOT. Normal subjects aged 20-59 and 60-69 years performed similarly, whereas those aged 70-79 performed significantly worse. Sensitivity of LHT SOT to unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions was poor (24%). Specificity of LHT SOT from patients having balance-system weakness was 90%. The results of this study indicate that LHT posturography does not facilitate significant discrimination of patients with compensated unilateral peripheral weakness from those without such lesions.
The Long‐term Pulmonary Sequelae of Prematurity: The Role of Familial Airway Hyperreactivity and the Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, prematurity, and familial airway hyperreactivity may contribute to long-term pulmonary sequelae. We assessed the role of each by testing pulmonary function and airway reactivity in 11 prematurely born children who survived the respiratory distress syndrome and in 11 prematurely born children who had no neonatal respiratory disease, each of whom was paired with a sibling born at term. The subjects were between 7 and 12 years of age when studied. Airway reactivity was also assessed in their mothers. The group who had had the respiratory distress syndrome had higher ratios of residual volume to total lung capacity and lower values for forced expiratory volume in one second than did their siblings or normal controls (P less than 0.01). Expiratory flow was decreased in both groups born prematurely (P less than 0.02) and was related to neonatal exposure to oxygen (r = -0.71, P less than 0.02). The incidence of airway hyperreactivity was elevated in all groups, including the mothers. These data suggest that long-term pulmonary sequelae of the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn are related to the disease, its treatment, or both, and to airway hyperreactivity. In prematurely born children without neonatal lung disease, the sequelae are related to airway hyperreactivity. The possibility of a relation between familial airway hyperreactivity and premature birth is suggested.
Local Music Practices and the Cultural Economy : Three Spaces of Research

It has become somewhat of a truism that qualitative research, and particularly fieldwork, cannot be taught but is best learnt in practice, out there, in the field. This can likely be traced to the early days of the Chicago School where students were sent out to study a tract of the census, or neighbourhood, at almost the outset of the course. This, of course, does not mean that the students were not instructed and ‘taught’, just that the priorities were of a somewhat different order than that suggested by the recent proliferation of ‘methods’ textbooks, courses, and workshops. This corpus, at least, suggests a belief that good practice in qualitative methods and fieldwork can, at least, be documented and communicated and that doing so is a worthwhile endeavour. There is, however, something to be said for the argument that no amount of reading the classics nor attending methods workshops can really prepare you for undertaking your first independent piece of qualitative research. The challenges are many; from the first slightly awkward arrival at the field site, through managing the many, often sensitive, relationships you enter in to, to wondering what to do with all those data and the craft of writing up.
A new heterocyclic glucoside from the fruits of Xanthium pungens

A new thiazinedione glucoside, 7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione (1) and named xanthiside, was isolated from the methanol extract of the fruits of Xanthium pungens. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic techniques including, IR, CIMS, high-resolution-EIMS, and extensive 400 MHz one- and two-dimensional NMR-analysis (1H, 13C-NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, COLOC, and NOE experiments).
Synthesis Techniques for Semi-Custom Dynamically Reconfigurable Superscalar Processors

The accelerated adoption of reconfigurable computing foreshadows a computational paradigm shift, aimed at fulfilling the need of customizable yet high-performance flexible hardware. Reconfigurable computing fulfills this need by allowing the physical resources of a chip to be adapted to the computational requirements of a specific program, thus achieving higher levels of computing performance. This dissertation evaluates the area requirements for reconfigurable processing, an important yet often disregarded assessment for partial reconfiguration. Common reconfigurable computing approaches today attempt to create custom circuitry in static co-processor accelerators. We instead focused on a new approach that synthesized semi-custom general-purpose processor cores. Each superscalar processor core’s execution units can be customized for a particular application, yet the processor retains its standard microprocessor interface. We analyzed the area consumption for these computational components by studying the synthesis requirements of different processor configurations. This area/performance assessment aids designers when constraining processing elements in a fixed-size area slot, a requirement for modern partial reconfiguration approaches. Our results provide a more deterministic evaluation of performance density, hence making the area cost analysis less ambiguous when optimizing dynamic systems for coarse-grained parallelism. The results obtained showed that even though performance density decreases with processor complexity, the additional area still provides a positive contribution to the aggregate parallel processing performance. This evaluation of parallel execution density contributes to ongoing efforts in the field of reconfigurable computing by providing a baseline for area/performance trade-offs for partial reconfiguration and multi-processor systems.
Reveal or Conceal? Signaling Strategies for Building Legitimacy in Cleantech Firms

New entrants in technology-intense industries are in a race to build legitimacy in order to compete with established players. Legitimacy has been identified as a driver of venture survival and growth; it helps mitigate third-party uncertainty and so facilitates access to resources, engagement with customers and other stakeholders. Nevertheless, we know little about how legitimacy is built and how new entrants build legitimacy in complex technology-intensive industries. In this research we explore how Norwegian cleantech firms use signaling and strategic actions to build legitimacy. We analyze five cases while investigating their actions in different phases of the venture’s evolution. The results suggest that, contrary to signaling theory expectations, young clean-tech firms do not always build legitimacy by conveying information on their strengths. Instead, we observe that they use signaling strategies to address the specific concerns of different stakeholders. This is very much contingent upon the evolutionary stage of the venture and the firm’s current weaknesses.
Critical ratio and critical bandwidth for the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin.

Masked underwater pure‐tone thresholds were obtained for an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin using an up–down staircase method of stimulus presentation and a go/no‐go response paradigm. Two types of masking noise were used: a broadband noise and variable bandwidth noise with sharp low‐ and high‐frequency cutoffs. The animal’s critical ratio was measured at frequencies of 30, 60, 90, 100, 110, 120, and 140 kHz. For frequencies of 100 kHz and below, the critical ratios were similar to those measured by Johnson [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44, 965–967 (1968)]. The dolphin’s critical bandwidth at frequencies of 30, 60, and 120 kHz was measured with the variable bandwidth noise. The critical bandwidth was 10.4 dB (11 times) wider than the critical ratio at 30 kHz, 8.2 dB (6.6 times) wider at 60 kHz, and 3.5 dB (2.2 times) wider at 120 kHz.
Impact of body mass index on outcomes and treatment-related toxicity in patients with stage II and III rectal cancer: findings from Intergroup Trial 0114.

PURPOSE To study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and rates of sphincter-preserving operations, overall survival, cancer recurrence, and treatment-related toxicities in patients with rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated a nested cohort of 1,688 patients with stage II and III rectal cancer participating in a randomized trial of postoperative fluorouracil-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy. RESULTS Obese patients were more likely to undergo an abdominoperineal resection (APR) than normal-weight patients (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.46). When analyzed by sex, increasing adiposity in men was a strong predictor of having an APR (P <.0001). Obese men with rectal cancer were also more likely than normal-weight men to have a local recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.59). In contrast, obesity was not predictive of cancer recurrence in women, nor was BMI predictive of overall mortality in either men or women. Underweight patients had an increased risk of death (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.89) compared with normal-weight patients but no increase in cancer recurrences. Among all study participants, obese patients had a significantly lower rate of grade 3 to 4 leukopenia, neutropenia, and stomatitis and a lower rate of any grade 3 or worse toxicity when compared with normal-weight individuals. CONCLUSION Increasing BMI in male patients with rectal cancer is associated with a decreased likelihood of sphincter preservation and a higher chance of local recurrence. For both men and women, overweight and obese patients experience less toxicity associated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, suggesting that actual body weight dosing of fluorouracil for obese patients is justified.
Mindfulness, Emotions, and Mental Models: Theory That Leads to More Effective Dispute Resolution

At the core of nearly all great negotiators, mediators, lawyers, and leaders is a person who has learned to connect with other people, that is, to build relationships of trust, cooperation, and collaboration. This Article argues that when people learn a sense of "self" and "other" through both theoretical and practical knowledge and understanding of mindfulness and human emotion, connections with others are more likely to be made, and important relationships are more likely to be built.My goal, then, is to begin thinking about how one might bring mindfulness and emotions from the “mind level” to what human relations expert Mary Parker Follett eloquently called the “motor level. ” Toward that end, the Article (1) provides some background on emotional intelligence, including the different branches of emotional intelligence; (2) explores the role of emotions in behaviors, including a discussion of ways to teach emotional control and emotional range, maturity, and sensitivity; (3) investigates the concept of "emotional contagion," delving into how emotions are spread and how this phenomenon can be used to increase cooperation; and (4) reviews suggestions from various experts on how to develop a curriculum to teach students emotional intelligence. The Article concludes with examples and exercises for application, including a discussion of a specific mental model called the "Ladder of Inference. "