Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planktonic community production and respiration and the impact of bacteria on carbon cycling in the photic zone of Lake Kinneret

The following parameters were determined in the photic zone of Lake Kinneret from January 2001 through December 2002: primary production (PP), community respiration (CR), bac- terial biomass production (BBP), bacterial numbers (BN) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5). Average values over the 2 yr period for these parameters in the photic zone (0 to 15 m) were PP, 1539 mg C m -2 d -1 ; CR, 1653 mg C m -2 d -1 ; BBP, 887 mg C m -2 d -1 ; BN, 4.6 × 10 6 cells ml -1 ; and BOD5, 6366 mg C m -2 . We used these data together with literature-based assumptions about the ratio of net to gross primary production, bacterial and zooplankton respiration to estimate bacterial growth efficiencies (BGE) ranging from 44 to 64%. Bacterial specific growth rates averaged 0.33 d -1 , ranging from 0.13 to 0.93 d -1 . CR was significantly correlated with both PP and BBP. A significant correlation was found between BBP and BOD5, suggesting that the indigenous bacterial populations were strongly dependent on substrates measured by BOD5. The potentially labile fractions of TOC, as quantified by BOD5, were rapidly cycled by heterotrophic bacteria, within ~4 d on average. With the exception of 6 to 8 wk in early summer, the photic zone of this warm mesotrophic-eutrophic lake, with low inputs of allochthonous organic carbon, was net autotrophic. BBP and BGE values were high in comparison to those reported from even more eutrophic aquatic systems. Our results indicate that bacteria are by far the major biological agents of organic carbon cycling in Lake Kinneret, and contradict the general perception that the microbial loop plays a less important role in carbon cycling in eutrophic than in oligotrophic aquatic systems.
APPLYING EXPERIENCE REPORTS IN DESIGN EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND IDEAS

What if both design students and design tutors could have real-time insights into how students actually experience their design process rather than after-the-fact reflections? And what if these insights could be applied in ways that would contribute to more in-depth learning experiences? This paper addresses these questions in describing the initial steps in the development of an application that captures a student’s experience of a design process over time, by means of self-reporting. The application makes use of the method of experience sampling (ESM), which is frequently applied in psychological research to collect experiential data in natural settings and over a long period of time in order to understand people’s behaviour. The paper discusses the challenges of implementing ESM into an educational design context and presents possible ideas to overcome these challenges.
E*-INJECTIVE SPECTRA AND INJECTIVE

In [13] Ohkawa introduced the notion of the injective hull of spaces and spectra with respect to homology and proved the existence theorem [13, Theorem 1J. Following [13, Definition 1 i)] we call a CW-spectrum W E*-injective if any map /: X-^Y induces an epimorphism / * : [Y, W]->[Jf, W] whenever / * : E*X-*E* Y is a monomorphism, for a fixed CW-spectrum E. A CWspectrum W is E*-injective if and only if the homomorphism κE\ [Xy W]-> Hom(E*X, E* W) defined by ^ ( / ) = / * is a monomorphism for any CWspectrum X (see [13, Proposition 7]). In this note we will be concerned about E*-injective spectra. For each CW-spectrum X, E*X is regarded as a module over the algebra E*E of cohomology operations. Under the restriction that E is finite, Ohkawa [13, Theorem 3 i) and iii)] gave the following characterization.
A New Look at the Laffer Curve and the Displacement Loss from Tax Evasion

The two most prominent deadweight losses in public finance are the triangle loss from taxation and the rectangle loss from rent-seeking. This paper suggests that a third type of deadweight loss can rival these two in size and deserves detailed exploration. In the presence of the underground economy taxes give rise to a deadweight loss from displacement of efficient producers by inefficient producers. I consider an economy in which a producer faces two types of costs: the cost of production, and taxes. If good evaders are inefficient producers, tax evasion turns a flat tax into a tax based on ability to pay with the result that maximum government revenues possible under tax evasion may be larger than when no one evades taxes. Displacement deadweight loss is a subset of a larger class of losses that arise when productive and counterproductive features are bundled into the same economic agent and when that agent has no incentive or opportunity to specialize wholly in one or the other pursuit.
An automated mean-shift based segmentation for pigmented skin lesions

This paper presents an unsupervised segmentation scheme to isolate pigmented skin lesion from surrounding normal skin. An adaptive mean-shift algorithm combined with maximal similarity based region merging is applied with a colour-spatial feature space to improve the efficiency and robustness of the segmentation approach. Upon comparison, the proposed method demonstrates good performance in achieving an automatic segmentation on various real skin data collected by ourselves and those downloaded from public dataset.
Investigation of chitosan nanoparticles durability in combination with antioxidant-antibacterial fraction extracted from Lactobacillus casei and possible increase of antibacterial activity of the fraction in hybrid nanoparticle

Objective(s): This study considered the combination of chitosan nanoparticles with antioxidant-antibacterial fraction extracted from Lactobacillus casei and investigation of possible increasing of antibacterial activity of the fraction in hybrid nanoparticle and the effect of the fraction on the stability of chitosan nanoparticles. Methods: Extraction of Antioxidant antibacterial material from Lactobacillus casei supernatant was done by thin layer chromatography fractionation. For determination of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of fraction, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) by micro-well dilution method was used, respectively. For chitosan nanoparticles (Cs NPs) formation, the ionic gelation method was used and the ratio of Tripolyphosphate pentasodium (TPP): chitosan was optimized. For Antioxidant fraction loaded chitosan nanoparticles, the fraction is physically incorporated into the chitosan nanoparticles. Particle morphology was monitored by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results: One polar fraction by Rf = 0.03 has a strong antibacterial activity that shows terpenoids characterization. Chitosan nanoparticle loaded antioxidant-antibacterial material has longer life span while compare to Cs-NPs alone. The antioxidant-antibacterial material was released relatively slowly from the CS NPs. the antibacterial trait of the fraction was increased about 8-16 times after combination with Cs NPs. Conclusions: Combination of Cs NPs with antioxidant-antibacterail fraction isolated from Lactobacillus casei increase the Cs NPs stability and antibacterial activity of the fraction was enhanced considerably, also.
Comparative efficacy of face-to-face and internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial

Objective The study aimed to ascertain the comparative efficacy of these two forms on reducing anxiety scores of scales in patients with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) by examining the available evidence for face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT). Moreover, this study attempted to determine whether ICBT can obtain similar benefits as CBT for GAD patients during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the quarantine policy and the requirement of social distance. Methods This meta-analysis was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) according to the guidelines in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement (registration number CRD42021241938). Therefore, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining CBT or ICBT was conducted in this study to treat GAD patients diagnosed with DMS-IV. The researchers searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for relevant studies published from 2000 to July 5, 2022. Evidence from RCTs was synthesized by Review Manager 5.4 as mean difference (MD) for change in scores of scales through a random-effects meta-analysis. Results A total of 26 trials representing 1,687 participants were pooled. The results demonstrated that ICBT and CBT were very close in the effect size of treating GAD (MD = −2.35 vs. MD = −2.79). Moreover, they still exhibited a similar response (MD = −3.45 vs. MD = −2.91) after studies with active control were removed. Conclusion Regarding the treatment of GAD, ICBT can achieve a similar therapeutic effect as CBT and could be CBT's candidate substitute, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic era, since the internet plays a crucial role in handling social space constraints. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/PROSPERO/display_record. php? RecordID=241938, identifier CRD42021241938.
Remote Sensing and Ground-Based Weather Forcing Data Analysis for Streamflow Simulation

Hydrological simulation, based on weather inputs and the physical characterization of the watershed, is a suitable approach to predict the corresponding streamflow. This work, carried out on four different watersheds, analyzed the impacts of using three different meteorological data inputs in the same model to compare the model’s accuracy when simulated and observed streamflow are compared. Meteorological data from the Daily Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN-D), National Land Data Assimilation Systems (NLDAS) and the National Operation Hydrological Remote Sensing Center’s Interactive Snow Information (NOHRSC-ISI) were used as an input into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model and compared as three different scenarios on each watershed. The results showed that meteorological data from an assimilation system like NLDAS achieved better results than simulations performed with ground-based meteorological data, such as GHCN-D. However, further work needs to be done to improve both the datasets and model capabilities, in order to better predict streamflow.
A Stochastic Frontier Model on Investigating Efficiency of Life Insurance Companies in India

The present paper attempts to investigate the efficiency of life insurance companies in India for the year 2011. An insurance company is said to be efficient if it produce maximum profit using minimum level of available resources. Due to new policies of Government of India, many new insurance companies emerged in Indian market which created a high competition among themselves, which made administrators to monitor their company's efficiency level over a period of times to make improvement or changes in their strategy to survive. Studying efficiency of an organization became pioneering area of research during the last several years. Among many frontier techniques Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) is one of the best known techniques to determine the efficiency. The SFA results indicate that the efficient scores lie between the values 0.1244 to 0.9992; and the average efficient score for all 24 life insurance companies is 0.5767. The life insurance company LI03 is ranked first with the efficiency score of 0.9992 followed by LI11 with efficiency score of 0.9881. LI24 stands last with the efficiency score of 0.1244 (rank 24). The variables investment and net claims considered in the present study differ significantly at 5% level.
Clinico-Functional Characteristics of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Glomerulopathies and Their Relationship to Morphological Changes in The Kidneys

Purpose: To study the possible association of cardiac function with morphological changes of the kidneys in glomerulopathies. Materials and Methods: 55 patients with GP were examined (32 men, 23 women) aged from 17 to 58 (on the average 32.76 ± 10.3) years. Given the high prevalence left ventricular systolic diastolic dysfunction in patients with GP with impaired renal function, analyzed the data of patients with CKD stages 1-3. The mean GFR was 87.92 ± 28.2 ml / min / 1.73 m2. Histology, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic method of investigation were used in the study of nephrobiopsy data. Results: Analysis of the frequency of morphological types of nephropathy in the examined patients made it possible to detect the prevalence of membranous glomerulonephritis Objective: To study the features of the association of cardiac dysfunction with morphological changes in the kidneys with HP.
The Internet of Things (IoT): what is the potential of Internet of Things applications for consumer marketing?

This paper illuminates the phenomenon Internet of Things (IoT) from a consumer marketing perspective. The goal of this paper is to discuss the marketing implications of the IoT and highlight the possibilities as well as the accompanying challenges and risks of it. A literature review revealed, that the Internet of Things is projected to generate a potential value of up to $11.1 Trillion in 2025. However, there are still privacy and security issues that need to be overcome in order to fully exploit the Internet of Things. The theoretical insights have been utilized to classify the Internet of Things into different application domains. These include the following, ranked based on popularity: Personal, Smart Environment, Home, Vehicle and Retail. For each domain, one real-life application was qualitatively analyzed with regard to the marketing value of the application. The selected cases for the respective domains are: LiveSkin, Placemeter, Amazon Dash, Tesla Model S, Smart Retail Solution. The analysis led to the conclusion, that the marketing value of the applications is not reflected in the respective rank based on popularity. The Retail domain does offer the highest potential marketing value, although having the lowest popularity. In contrast to that, the Personal Application provides the lowest marketing value, while having the highest popularity. The remaining categories achieved the same ranking on popularity as well as marketing value.
Energetic Stability and Thermoelectric Property of Alkali-Metal-Encapsulated Type-I Silicon-Clathrate from First-Principles Calculation

Possible combinations of alkali metal guest atoms and substitutional group-13 atoms in type-I Si clathrate and their thermoelectric properties were investigated using first-principles calculations. All alkali metals could be encapsulated as the guest element into a Si46 cage, and either Al or Ga was suitable for a substitutional atom. From the formation energy, possible clathrate compositions were selected as K8Al8Si38, K8Ga8Si38, Rb8Al8Si38, Rb8Ga8Si38, Cs8Al8Si38 and Cs8Ga8Si38. The thermoelectric properties of these compositions were calculated as functions of temperature and carrier density, using the Boltzmann transport equation and the calculated band energy. The obtained dependences of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity on the carrier density were discussed from the viewpoint of band structure. The thermoelectric properties were optimized to maximize ZT for each composition by controlling the carrier density. ZT μ 0.75 was predicted as the highest ZT value for hole-doped Cs8Ga8Si38. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MBW201204]
Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement of Patch Antenna with Stacked Parasitic Strips Based on LTCC Technology

A compact patch antenna with stacked parasitic strips (SPSs) based on low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology is presented. By adding three pairs of SPSs above the traditional patch antenna, multiple resonant modes are excited to broaden the bandwidth. At the same time, the SPSs act as directors to guide the antenna radiation toward broadside direction to enhance the gain. The measured results show that the prototype antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 16% for dB (32.1–37.9 GHz) and a maximum gain of about 8 dBi at 35 GHz. Furthermore, the radiation patterns and gain are relatively stable within the operating bandwidth. The total volume of the antenna is only 8 × 8 × 1.1 mm3.
Error-Induced Certainty Equivalents: A Set-Theoretical Approach to Choice under Risk

We consider the existence problem of errors in decision making processes under risk from a set-theoretical perspective. Choice adjustment errors have been identified but never formalized by the experimental economics/decision theory literature. We show that choice adjustment errors can be naturally derived from gaps in the range of the utility functions of decision makers. Introducing the concept of “error-induced certainty equivalent”, we account for the intrinsic generation of error approximations in any decision making process under risk. Finally, the existence problem of minimal error functions is shown to be equivalent to that of determining best approximations to the expected utility values defined by the corresponding decision processes. Mathematics Subject Classification: 91B06, 91B08, 54A05, 03E75
The Dual Income Tax and Firms' Income Shifting Through the Choice of Organizational Form and Real Capital Investments

The dual income tax provides the self-employed entrepreneur with huge incentives to participate in tax minimizing income shifting to have more of his income taxed as capital income. The Norwegian split model is designed to remove these incentives, but it contains loopholes. The present paper concludes that the split model induces the self-employed entrepreneur to over-invest in firm real capital. In addition, the corporate organizational form serves as a tax shelter for high income entrepreneurs. The higher his income and the higher the difference between the marginal tax rates on labor and capital, the larger the incentives to incorporate.
Dauvillee et al. “Biochemical Characterization of Wild-type and Mutant Isoamylases of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Supports a Func tion of the Multimeric Enzyme Organization in Amylopectin Matu ration”, Plant Physiol. 125: 1723-1731 (2001). Dauvillee et al. “Novel, Starch-like Polysaccharides are Synth

(51) Int. Cl. CI2N 9/24 (2006.01) CI2N 15/82 (2006.01) CI2P 19/04 (2006.01) CI2P 19/14 (2006.01) CI2N 9/44 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC . CI2P 19/04 (2013.01); C12N 9/2451 (2013.01); CI2P 19/14 (2013.01); C12Y 302/01068 (2013.01) (58) Field of Classification Search CPC . C12N 9/2497; C12N 15/8245 USPC . 435/168, 252.3, 471, 99 See application file for complete search history.
Grammatical Effects of Affect A contrastive corpus analysis of the use and meaning of infant and baby

This thesis aims at (1) outlining a basic understanding of how affective, or expressive, meaning can be understood relative to linguistic meaning and language at large, and (2) analysing how affective meaning may relate to epistemological status and reference type in actual language use. The thesis' theoretical framework is largely situated within the paradigm of cognitive linguistics, and in particular drawing from the work of Langacker (2008). The analysis combines basic qualitative and quantitative methods in deconstructing clausal instantiations from transcripts of spoken English from the COCA corpus. The clausal instantiations are analysed according to three parameters: Semantic prosody (positive – inconspicuous – negative); Epistemological status (extensional – intensional); and Reference type (specific – non-specific). The results can be said to point to indications of correlative patterns between affective meaning and epistemological status, whilst finding close to no indications of such patterns between affective meaning and reference type. The results also point to the necessity of not only considering written text, but also other nonlexical means of communication (such as tone of voice and gestures), in order to successfully study affective meaning relative to language and linguistic processing.
Polyethylene glycol 20 kDa-induced vacuolation does not impair phagocytic function of human monocyte-derived macrophages

Conjugation to polyethylene glycol (PEG) is commonly used to enhance drug delivery and efficacy by extending the half-life of the drug molecule. This has important implications for reducing treatment burden in diseases that require chronic prophylaxis, such as hemophilia. Clearance of PEG molecules with high molecular weights (≥ 40 kDa) has been reported to cause cellular vacuolation in mammals. Rurioctocog alfa pegol (PEGylated recombinant coagulation factor VIII) contains a 20-kDa PEG. This study investigated the effects of exposure to 20-kDa PEG (10 μg/ml to 10 mg/ml) on the morphology and function of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in vitro. Exposure to PEG for 24 hours was associated with significant vacuolation only at concentrations of 1 mg/ml or more, which far exceed the levels associated with clinically relevant doses of rurioctocog alfa pegol. Immunofluorescence staining of PEG was detected in the cytoplasm of MDMs, indicating uptake into the cells. No impairment of MDM phagocytic activity (ability to ingest fluorescently labeled Escherichia coli) was observed with 24-hour exposure to PEG, even at concentrations associated with significant vacuolation. Furthermore, PEG exposure did not have significant effects on cytokine secretion in resting or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated MDMs, or on the expression of cell surface markers in stimulated MDMs. Cell viability was not affected by 24-hour exposure to PEG. In conclusion, vacuolation of human MDMs after exposure to 20-kDa PEG only occurred with PEG concentrations far in excess of those equivalent to clinically relevant doses of rurioctocog alfa pegol and did not affect MDM viability or functionality. Together, these results support the concept that PEG-mediated vacuolation is an adaptive cellular response rather than a toxic effect.
Improvement the Efficacy of Cisplatin by Niosome Nanoparticles Against human breast cancer cell line BT-20 : an in vitro study

Today, cancer is one the most important challenges in modern medicine. Meanwhile, breast cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality among cancers. The initial response to the treatment and then becoming resistant to the cisplatin is one of basal challenges of treatment of breast cancer. Recently, using nanotechnology including drug nanocarrier named niosome can decrease adverse effects and increase the efficiency of treatment. The aim of this research is using niosome nanoparticles containing cisplatin and investigation of their lethal effect on breast cancer cell line. The research found that by using of niosome nanoparticles can be provided a suitable formulation of cisplatin drug. Therefore, the results show the efficiency of nanoniosome cisplatin is more than free drug. This decreases used dose and therefore the damage of other tissues.
Filter-Based Information Selection Mechanism in Publish/Subscribe Middleware

Publish/Subscribe middleware is getting more and more attentions for its feature of loose coupling.In some scenarios,Subscribersof a topic need not all the information belonging to that topic, but only those of interest. To fulfill this requirement,some kind of information selection mechanism is needed. In this paper, a filter-based information selection mechanism is proposed, which is compliant with OMG DDS specification. Then it is implemented in a publish/subscribe middleware prototype system.With the mechanism, a publish/subscribe middleware can use the compiler generated by Flex&Bison to compile the filtering rules of the users ,which are conform to SQL-like syntax,and generate the filtering syntax trees.At the subscriber side, when receiving a sample, the middleware substitute the values of the sample into the corresponding positions in the filtering syntax tree. By traversing the tree, the middleware makes the filtering decision. Experiment results reveal that the proposed mechanism is effective.