Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 100 Gb/s Quad-Lane SerDes Receiver with a PI-Based Quarter-Rate All-Digital CDR

A 100 Gb/s quad-lane SerDes receiver with a phase-interpolator (PI)-based quarter-rate all-digital clock and data recovery (CDR) is presented. The proposed CDR utilizes a multi-phase multiplying delay-locked loop (MDLL) to generate the eight-phase reference clocks, which achieves multi-phase frequency multiplication with a small area and less power consumption. The shared MDLL generates and distributes eight-phase clocks to each CDR. The proposed CDR uses a new initial phase tracker that uses a preamble to achieve a fast lock time of about 12 ns and to provide a constant output data sequence. The CDR utilizes quarter-rate 2x-oversampling architecture, and the PI controller is designed full custom to minimize the loop latency. To improve the dithering jitter performance of the recovered clock, the decimation factor of the CDR can be adjustable. Also, a new continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) receiver was adopted to reduce power consumption and achieved a data rate of 25 Gb/s/lane. The proposed SerDes receiver with a digital CDR is implemented in 40 nm CMOS technology. The 100 Gb/s four-channel SerDes receiver (4 CTLEs + 4 CDRs + MDLL) occupies an active area of only 0.351 mm2 and consumes 241.8 mW, which achieves a high energy efficiency of 2.418 pJ/bit.
Damage impact of vertebrate pests on different crops and stored food items

The sub-continent countries like Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh that fall in the category of developing countries suffer from high economic loss due to the damage to valuable crops. The crops are always under attack by vertebrate pests including rodent and bird pests during the time period of harvesting and storage. Our current study indicates that most of the crop damage and economic loss were caused by rodent pests. Vertebrate rodent pests include Mus musculus (house mouse) and Bandicota bengalensis (lesser bandicoot rat), Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus caused damage to crops like sugarcane, maize, household stored food items and grains. On contrary, the major bird pest is Psittacula Krameri (Rose Ringed Parakeet) that caused damage to fruit gardens of Common Fig (Anjeer) and parrots, Guava and Cascabela thevetia (Pilli Kaneri). Rodents damage the seeds, standing crop and food items stored in households. While birds always prefer fresh fruits from the tree. The methodology of the study simply consists of the surveying of the different field of sugarcane, maize, fruit gardens of different villages in district Faisalabad and also includes different research gardens at main campus UAF. After collection, the samples were critically studied for pest identification in the laboratory at the department of zoology, wildlife and Fisheries University of Agriculture Faisalabad. The results demonstrated that both rodent pests and bird pest are equally depredatory towards valuable crops. In order to reduce this loss, we have to bring about the advances in the vertebrate pest management like the use of pesticides (Chemical) and some mechanical methods for trapping, killing and pushing of vertebrate pests.
Nutrition and depression: Summary of findings from the EU‐funded MooDFOOD depression prevention randomised controlled trial and a critical review of the literature

This paper discusses the emerging field of nutritional psychology and provides an update on the now completed EU-funded MooDFOOD depression prevention randomised controlled trial that assessed the effects of two nutrition-based interventions for the prevention of depression in overweight or obese adults with at least mild symptoms of depression. We first outline the problem of major depression, the most common form of psychopathology and the largest contributor to global disability, and then give an overview of the connection between nutrition and depression; separating the evidence according to prevention and treatment of depression. The extant literature is reviewed, and we examine the implications for both prevention and treatment. Questions are posed for further research in this emerging and important area.
Research on water extraction technology of remote sensing image based on neural network

With the rapid development of space-based facilities and the increasing number of remote sensing satellites, more and more effective observation data can be obtained on the ground. The traditional manual translation method will not meet the requirements of remote sensing application. Aiming at the problem of water body extraction in remote sensing application, an automatic water body recognition method based on U-Net deep neural network is proposed. The results of water body NWDI index evaluation are considered comprehensively, and the interference elimination model is used to process the results of water body rough recognition, so as to further improve the extraction accuracy. Using the image data of a remote sensing satellite to verify the water body recognition method, the results show that the proposed method can automatically extract the water distribution area, and the extraction accuracy is better than 85%.
Advances on Tumor Image Segmentation Based on Artificial Neural Network

Image technology is applied more and more to help doctors to improve the accuracy of tumor diagnosis as well as researchers to study tumor characteristics. Image segmentation technology is an important part of image treatment. This paper summarizes the advances of image segmentation by using artificial neural network including mainly the BP network and convolutional neural network (CNN). Many CNN models with different structures have been built and successfully used in segmentation of tumor images such as supervised and unsupervised learning CNN. It is shown that the application of artificial network can improve the efficiency and accuracy of segmentation of tumor image. However, some deficiencies of image segmentation by using artificial neural network still exist. For example, new methods should be found to reduce the cost of building the marked data set. New artificial networks with higher efficiency should be built.
Beam Pre-Shaping Methods Using Lenslet Arrays for Area-Based High-Resolution Vehicle Headlamp Systems

High-resolution light distributions are lately in demand for vehicle headlamp systems as an innovative lighting approach. This lighting approach can realize functionalities, such as precise glare avoidance and on-road projection, which are useful for improving traffic comfort and safety. For achieving the required high-resolution light distribution, area-based projection technologies, such as DMD, LCD, and LCoS, are considered to be integrated into such headlamps. These projection devices demand rectangular illumination areas with specific light distributions to fulfill the requirements for illumination efficiency and performance in headlamp systems. Lenslet arrays, based on the principle of Köhler illumination, can effectively homogenize the light and shape it into rectangular shapes simultaneously. Such components are widely used in projection applications. However, they also show functional potentialities to be applied in high-resolution headlamps. This paper explains the design principles and methods of lenslet arrays for beam pre-shaping in headlamp systems. It validates the homogenization using a self-designed and manufactured lenslet array in a demonstrator in the first place. Afterward, this paper introduces two new methods for the centralized beam shaping required by some headlamps. These methods are validated by optical simulations.
The effectiveness of inquiry-based learning on computational thinking skills and self-efficacy of high school students

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) on computational thinking skills and self-efficacy of 11th grade students with derivative as the learning topic. The type of this research was quasi experimental research. The population of this research was 191 of 11th grade students in a public high school in Yogyakarta. The sample was 42 students from class XI Natural Science 1 and XI Natural Science 3 which were chosen by random sampling. The data were collected from pre-test and post-test for computational thinking skills and survey for self-efficacy. The results showed that: (1) IBL was effective toward computational thinking skills, (2) IBL was effective toward self-efficacy, (3) scientific learning was effective toward computational thinking skills, (4) scientific learning was effective toward self-efficacy, (5) IBL was not more effective than Scientific Learning toward computational thinking skills, (6) IBL was more effective than Scientific Learning toward self-efficacy. IBL failed to become learning model that was more effective than scientific learning toward computational thinking skills because of the failure in developing asking skills, but succeed to be more effective than scientific learning on improving self-efficacy because IBL provided more diverse sources of self-efficacy.
Rat Hippocampal Neural Stem Cell Modulation Using PDGF, VEGF, PDGF/VEGF, and BDNF

Neural stem cells have become the focus of many studies as they have the potential to differentiate into all three neural lineages. This may be utilised to develop new and novel ways to treat neurological conditions such as spinal cord and brain injuries, especially if the stem cells can be modulated in vivo without additional invasive surgical procedures. This research is aimed at investigating the effects of the growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor on hippocampal-derived neural stem cells. Cell growth and differentiation were assessed using immunohistochemistry and glutaminase enzyme assay. Cells were cultured for 14 days and treated with different growth factors at two different concentrations 20 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL. At 2 weeks, cells were fixed, and immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine cellular differentiation using antibodies against GFAP, nestin, OSP, and NF200. The cell medium supernatant was also collected during treatment to determine glutaminase levels secreted by the cells as an indicator of neural differentiation. VEGF/PDGF at 100 ng/mL had the greatest influence on cellular proliferation of HNSC, which also stained positively for nestin, OSP, and NF200. In comparison, HNSC in other treatments had poorer cell health and adhesion. HNSC in all treatment groups displayed some differentiation markers and morphology, but this is most significant in the 100 ng/ml VEGF/PDGF treatment. VEGF/PDGF combination produced the optimal effect on the HNSCs inducing the differentiation pathway exhibiting oligodendrocytic and neuronal markers. This is a promising finding that should be further investigated in the brain and spinal cord injury.
ANALISIS VOLATILITAS RETURN INDEKS SAHAM SEKTOR BARANG KONSUMSI DI INDONESIA: APLIKASI METODE TRESHOLD-GARCH (TGARCH)

The consumer goods sector is important in the economy as a support for the domestic stock market. When the investment climate is in the optimal state, the index value of consumer goods stocks tends to increase and volatility is quite stable. However, when shocks occur, the consumer goods index shows a decrease in value and is very unstable with high volatility. This study aims to examine the possibility of asymmetrical patterns in the data of the return of the consumer goods stock index and find out whether negative (bad news) and positive (good news) shocks have different effects on volatility (leverage effect). The data source from the daily stock index with the analysis tool used is Threshold Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (TGARCH). The result of the analysis shows that the volatility return of consumer goods stock index significantly influenced by the return and residuals of the previous period and three previous periods. Also, Bad news and Good news significantly differ in influencing the volatility return of consumption goods stock index, where Bad news has a greater impact on the volatility of the consumer goods sector index.
A Real Time Auditing System using QR Code for Secure Cloud Storage

The objective of the project is to structure a portable application for inspecting and putting away information through a distributed storage administration. The information is remotely put away in the cloud. In some distributed storage frameworks, the cloud record may contain some touchy data. Scrambling the entire shared record doesn't permit different clients to get to it. In the current framework the client needs to use the biometric information to guarantee the character of the client and afterward a marking key will be checked which is to ensure the personality and security of the client. The principle downside of utilizing the biometric information is that it can't be coordinated precisely because of the elements that influence the difference in biometric information. A reference id made is naturally changed over to the QR code and it is checked utilizing a scanner and the specific record is downloaded. This record whenever erased or lost in the customer's inward stockpiling it very well may be recovered again from the cloud.
KEBOLEHGUNAAN MODEL PENGURUSAN BILIK DARJAH PRASEKOLAH BERASASKAN EMPAT DIMENSI PENGURUSAN BILIK DARJAH [THE USABILITY OF PRESCHOOL CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT MODEL BASED ON FOUR DIMENSIONS OF CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT]

The study was conducted to obtain the respondents' agreement via the usability assesment toward the preschool classroom management model that has been developed. The focus of the main components of the preschool classroom management model are dimension of the physical management of the classroom environment, dimension of the planning management and program/activitiy implementation, dimension of the child behaviour management in the classroom and dimension of the interaction and relationship management. The preschool classrooms managed by preschool teachers such as furniture layout, activities and learning materials provided by them are still inadequate and do not encourage children's learning. Therefore, the study conducted is to ensure that the model developed is appropriate and able to be used by the preschool teachers in managing preschool classroom. This study uses a design and development research approach that involves the evaluation phase of model usability. During the evaluation phase of model usability, the researcher uses modified nominal technique to identify the suitability as well as customer’s satisfaction and their perception toward the developing model. The results of the usability assessment shows that all of the 30 respondents agreed that the model developed in this study could be used as a guide for preschool teachers. The respondents also agreed that the model is very practical for preschool teachers to be implemented in the preschool classroom because the content of the model covers aspects that teachers need to take into account in order to manage the preschool classroom more effectively. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33306/mjssh/84 MJSSH Online: Volume 4Issue 3 (July, 2020), Pages 90 – 98 e-ISSN: 2590-3691 MJSSH 2020; 4(3) page | 91 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License
Bounds on a Slope from Size Restrictions on Economic Shocks

We study the problem of learning about the effect of one market-level variable (e.g., price) on another (e.g., quantity) in the presence of shocks to unobservables (e.g., preferences). We show that economic intuitions about the plausible size of the shocks can be informative about the parameter of interest. We illustrate with a main application to the grain market. (JEL D83, E23, G13, Q11)
Adhesion and Stability of Nanocellulose Coatings on Flat Polymer Films and Textiles

Renewable nanocellulose materials received increased attention owing to their small dimensions, high specific surface area, high mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, and compostability. Nanocellulose coatings are among many interesting applications of these materials to functionalize different by composition and structure surfaces, including plastics, polymer coatings, and textiles with broader applications from food packaging to smart textiles. Variations in porosity and thickness of nanocellulose coatings are used to adjust a load of functional molecules and particles into the coatings, their permeability, and filtration properties. Mechanical stability of nanocellulose coatings in a wet and dry state are critical characteristics for many applications. In this work, nanofibrillated and nanocrystalline cellulose coatings deposited on the surface of polymer films and textiles made of cellulose, polyester, and nylon are studied using atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, and T-peel adhesion tests. Methods to improve coatings’ adhesion and stability using physical and chemical cross-linking with added polymers and polycarboxylic acids are analyzed in this study. The paper reports on the effect of the substrate structure and ability of nanocellulose particles to intercalate into the substrate on the coating adhesion.
Terms of Trade and Industrialization: Case of Economies with Manufacturing Exports

The paper explores the macroeconomic effect of industrialization on terms of trade and economic growth for economies with prevailing manufacturing exports. We tested such hypothesis as influence of terms of trade adjustment annual growth on manufacturing added value annual growth in economies with manufacturing exports and vice versa; influence of terms of trade adjustment annual growth and manufacturing added value annual growth on GDP per capita growth in economies with manufacturing exports. In the research we used annual data of GDP per capita (annual %), manufacturing, value added (annual %) and terms of trade adjustment (annual %) in 2008-2018 for 51 countries with manufacturing export. For this purpose we estimated vector autoregression model for panel data. Analysis of impulse response functions shows that the positive shock in manufacturing value added growth leads to slight increase in terms of trade adjustment growth in the second year and further stabilization in the seventh period. In turn, shock in terms of trade adjustment growth provokes smaller upsurge in manufacturing value added growth than in previous case. At the same time, shock in manufacturing value added growth results in gross national product per capita growth increase and its further stabilization in three years term. In addition, gross national product per capita growth reacts to shock in terms of trade adjustment growth by slight rising.
A generic framework to assess the representation and protection of benthic ecosystems in European marine protected areas

There is concern across the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) region that a consideration of vulnerable components and the wider support mechanisms underpinning benthic marine ecosystems may be lacking from the process of marine protected area (MPA) designation, management and monitoring. In this study, MPAs across six European ecoregions were assessed from a benthic ecology perspective. The study included 102 MPAs, designated by 10 countries, and focused on three aspects regarding the role of the benthos in: (i) the designation of MPAs; (ii) the management measures used in MPAs; and (iii) the monitoring and assessment of MPAs. Qualitative entries to a questionnaire based on an existing framework (EU project ‘Monitoring Evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas’, (MESMA) were collected by 19 benthic experts of the ICES Benthic Ecology Working Group. A pedigree matrix was used to apply a numerical scale (score) to these entries. The results showed clear differences in scores between ecoregions and between criteria. The designation‐phase criteria generally achieved higher scores than the implementation‐phase criteria. Poor designation‐phase scores were generally reiterated in the implementation‐phase scores, such as scores for assessment and monitoring. Over 70% of the MPA case studies were found to consider the benthos to some extent during selection and designation; however, this was not followed up with appropriate management measures and good practice during the implementation phase. Poor spatial and temporal coverage of monitoring and ineffective indicators is unlikely to pick up changes caused by management measures in the MPA. There is concern that without adequate monitoring and adaptive management frameworks, the MPAs will be compromised. Also, there could be an increased likelihood that, with regard to the benthos, they will fail to meet their conservation objectives. This assessment was successful in highlighting issues related to the representation and protection of the benthos in MPAs and where changes need to be made, such as expanding the characterization and monitoring of benthic species or habitats of interest. These issues could be attributable to an ongoing process and/or an indication that some MPAs only have ‘paper protection’.
Causes and consequences of cellulose production by Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 at the air-liquid interface

Cellulose over-producing wrinkly spreader mutants of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 have been the focus of much investigation, but conditions promoting the production of cellulose in ancestral SBW25, its effects and consequences have escaped investigation through lack of in vitro phenotype. Here, using a custom built device, we reveal that in static broth microcosms ancestral SBW25 encounters environmental signals at the air-liquid interface that activate, via three diguanylate cyclase-encoding pathways (Wsp, Aws and Mws), production of cellulose. Secretion of the polymer at the meniscus leads to modification of the environment and growth of numerous micro-colonies that extend out from the surface. Accumulation of cellulose and associated microbial growth leads to Rayleigh-Taylor instability resulting in bioconvection and rapid transport of water-soluble products over tens of millimetres. Drawing upon data we build a mathematical model that recapitulates experimental results and captures the interactions between biological, chemical and physical processes. IMPORTANCE This work reveals a new bacterial behaviour that manifests at the air-liquid interface, which depends on production of cellulose, and hints to hitherto unrecognised dimensions to bacterial life at surfaces. Additionally, the study links activation of known diguanylate cyclase-encoding pathways to cellulose expression and to signals encountered at the air-liquid interface. Further significance stems from recognition of the consequences of fluid instabilities arising from surface production of cellulose for transport of water-soluble products over large distances.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the Manglietia longirostrata Sima, a rare and endemic species to china

Abstract Manglietia longirostrata Sima is a rare and endemic species in China. The complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) of M. longirostrata was sequenced and assembled in this study. The cpDNA is 160,049 bps in length, contains a large single-copy region (LSC) of 88,098 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,861 bp, separated by a pair of identical inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,571 bp, each. The genome contains 123 genes, including 73 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis of cp genome of M. longirostrata with 11 chloroplast genomes previously reported in the Magnoliaceae shows that M. longirostrata is close to Manglietia megaphylla with high bootstrap value.