Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Creating a memorable experience for Nelson Mandela Heritage Site visitors

After being in prison for more than 25 years, Nelson Mandela was freed and became the first black President of South Africa to be elected democratically. He was at the vanguard of the South African people's fight for independence and racial equality. Nelson Mandela thus remains a prominent figure in cultural heritage, a niche for the country’s emerging cultural heritage tourism. It is, therefore, unsurprising that some of this country’s favourite cultural heritage attractions are associated with him. These attractions hold particular promise for the racial transformation of the tourism sector and the empowerment of previously marginalised communities regarding aspects such as job creation, poverty alleviation and local economic development. One of the most important aspects of promoting these attractions is to provide visitors with a memorable experience. Creating such an experience is crucial in retaining and growing the markets of such sites. The purpose of this research was to determine the aspects that create these kinds of visitor experiences at specific Nelson Mandela Heritage Sites (NMHS). The results revealed that the seven identified factors, collectively, are fundamental in creating a memorable visitor experience. This was the first time that memorable experience aspects were determined for NMHS, according to the authors’ knowledge. Moreover, this research contributes towards the literature of memorable experience at heritage sites for great luminaries and also makes a practical contribution towards creating these types of experiences in confirming that all possible aspects should be well managed as a collective set to generate memorable site experiences for the majority of visitors. Key terms: cultural heritage sites, cultural heritage tourism, memorable experience, Nelson Mandela, South Africa
Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of intrahepatic nodules and low elevation of AFP in early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND With the progress in early clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), early detection and diagnosis of HCC have been increasingly pressing. Combined alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) determination and ultrasonography has become the main method for the detection of small HCC; but the relationship between low elevation of AFP and pathologic findings of small HCC has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the value of ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of intrahepatic nodules and low elevation of serum AFP in the early diagnosis of HCC. METHODS Fifty-nine patients with serum AFP exceeding 20 ng/ml and intrahepatic nodules varying from 0.8 cm to 5.0 cm in diameter who had been detected by ultrasonography underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous fine needle biopsy, and cytological staining and histological sectioning were performed at the same time. RESULTS Among the 59 patients, 11 patients (18.6%) showed AFP level above 400 ng/ml, 5 (8.5%) from 200 ng/ml to 400 ng/ml, 18 (30.5%) from 50 ng/ml to 200 ng/ml and 25 (42.4%) from 20 ng/ml to 50 ng/ml. Follow-up demonstrated that 53 patients (89.8%) had a progressive increase of AFP level. In 58 patients (98.3%) cancer cells were found by cytological staining and/or histological sectioning. CONCLUSIONS In those patients with slightly increased or continuously positive AFP, hepatic carcinoma should be highly suspected when AFP increases gradually and intrahepatic nodules are detected by ultrasonography in follow-up. Once intrahepatic carcinoma nodules are suspected, ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy should be performed as early as possible for early diagnosis and treatment.
Transmission of ultrasonic waves through porous layers of high flow resistivity saturated by air

Transmission of ultrasonic waves through porous materials of high flow resistivity and porosity (in contact with air at both faces) is modelled and measured for an open-bubble foam at normal and oblique incidence. The importance of the airborne wave and the differences with the case of an elastic nonporous solid are demonstrated. A simple method to measure the shear modulus and the Poisson coefficient of the frame is suggested for similar materials.
Chemotherapeutic efficacy of topical celecoxib in a murine model of ultraviolet light B–induced skin cancer

Over a million nonmelanoma skin cancer cases will be reported in the United States this year alone. Currently the primary form of treatment for these types of skin tumors is excision. However, excision of the initial lesion may not be curative because almost 50% of patients with one nonmelanoma skin cancer lesion develop another tumor within the next 5 yr at the site or adjacent to the site of excision. As with other types of epithelial based cancers, there is mounting evidence for the role of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and its products, particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer. To avoid the excision process, the present study was designed to evaluate the possible chemotherapeutic effect of directly treating established tumors with a topical formulation of the specific COX‐2 inhibitor celecoxib. Skh/hr hairless mice were irradiated three times per wk for 16 wk to induce tumor formation. The mice were then divided into two groups and treated topically with either 500 μg celecoxib or the vehicle for 6 wk. Our results demonstrated that although topical treatment with celecoxib was not able to induce regression of established tumors, it did prevent new tumor formation after the onset of photocarcinogenesis. Although further studies are warranted, these data suggest that topical celecoxib treatment may prove to be effective in preventing the recurrence of tumors at the site of nonmelanoma skin cancer excision. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EFFECT OF FACTORS OF ORGANIZATION INNOVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIC FLEXIBILITY ON FIRM PERFORMANCE : AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THAI ELECTRONICS SPARE PART MANUFACTURING BUSINESSES

The research objectives were to examine the strategy factors that affect the performance of Thai electronics spare part manufacturing business. This strategy consists of organization innovation and organizational strategic flexibility also to study the strategy factors that affect the firm performance in Thai electronics spare part manufacturing business. Furthermore, we studied the strategy factors that affect the performance of Thai electronics spare part manufacturing business. This strategy includes of organization innovation and organizational strategic flexibility, the firm size and firm experience as a control variable. This research was conducted to develop empirical data. The 103 firms samples used in the research consist of the Thai electronics spare part manufacturing business by using the questionnaire as a tool to gather information. After analyze and check validity showed reliability level of 0.911. It is confirmed by factor analysis of the influence and check the consistency of the model influence the performance in the Thai electronics spare part manufacturing business. The research has built on empirical data with structural equation model analysis The results show that the firm performance was influenced by many factors such organizational strategic flexibility. The research showed a coefficient equal to 0.23 so statistically it was not significant. While the factors that influencing organization innovation in the sequence as following; the coefficient of 0.19 by statistically it was not significant, the variables control the firm size, coefficient is 0.28, statistical showed significant at the 0.01 but the level of firm experience statistically insignificant, by a coefficient equal to -1.10. The models can explain the variability to adaptation in the run up 22.10 percent. The results of the study are being performed effectively starting from participation in the management theory also a discussion of suggestions and conclusions for future research directions.
Logistics Innovation in the Industry 4 . 0 Environment : A Typological Approach

This paper discusses the nature of logistics and their evolution based on technological innovation in industry 4.0 environment and seeks to relate to the future logistics transition models. It proposes a typology for logistics operations based on technological innovation in five dimensions. The objective is to show how this typological development can provide a useful approach for the integration of the various aspects of technology as a pillar of sustainability in a company operation.
The effect of position of immobilisation on resting length, resting stiffness, and weight of the soleus muscle of the rabbit

The extent of immobilisation‐induced adaptations of muscle length and muscle weight is known to be profoundly influenced by the position (or length) at which the muscle is immobilised. However, the effect of the full range of positions of immobilisation on subsequent adaptations of muscle length and weight has not yet been investigated. To examine further the effect of position of immobilisation, we used cast‐immobilisation of the hind limbs of 23 rabbits, in various positions between full plantar flexion and full dorsi‐flexion. Six muscles from non‐immobilised rabbits were used as the controls. After 10 days of immobilisation, the wet weight of the soleus muscle and the resting length and resting stiffness of the soleus muscle‐tendon unit were determined. Immobilisation in a shortened position was associated with a significantly greater decrease in length and weight than was immobilisation in a lengthened position. In addition, immobilisation produced significant increases in the resting stiffness of muscle‐tendon units, although there was no evidence of a position‐dependent increase in stiffness. Muscle weight was influenced by the position of immobilisation in a nonlinear way. The data support the views that the pre‐immobilisation resting length of the muscle represents a threshold length and that immobilisation at lengths longer than this retards immobilisation‐induced atrophy.
THE ROLE OF PLATE TECTONIC–CLIMATE COUPLING AND EXPOSED LAND AREA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HABITABLE CLIMATES ON ROCKY PLANETS

The long-term carbon cycle is vital for maintaining liquid water oceans on rocky planets due to the negative climate feedbacks involved in silicate weathering. Plate tectonics plays a crucial role in driving the long-term carbon cycle because it is responsible for CO2 degassing at ridges and arcs, the return of CO2 to the mantle through subduction, and supplying fresh, weatherable rock to the surface via uplift and orogeny. However, the presence of plate tectonics itself may depend on climate according to recent geodynamical studies showing that cool surface temperatures are important for maintaining vigorous plate tectonics. Using a simple carbon cycle model, I show that the negative climate feedbacks inherent in the long-term carbon cycle are uninhibited by climate's effect on plate tectonics. Furthermore, initial atmospheric CO2 conditions do not impact the final climate state reached when the carbon cycle comes to equilibrium, as long as liquid water is present and silicate weathering can occur. Thus an initially hot, CO2 rich atmosphere does not prevent the development of a temperate climate and plate tectonics on a planet. However, globally supply limited weathering does prevent the development of temperate climates on planets with small subaerial land areas and large total CO2 budgets because supply limited weathering lacks stabilizing climate feedbacks. Planets in the supply limited regime may become inhospitable for life and could experience significant water loss. Supply limited weathering is less likely on plate tectonic planets because plate tectonics promotes high erosion rates and thus a greater supply of bedrock to the surface.
PERCEPTUALLY OPTIMISED VIRTUAL ROOM ACOUSTICS

This paper presents the development of a method of perceptually optimising the acoustics and reverb of a virtual space. A spatial filtering technique was developed to group artificially rendered reflections by what spatial attribute they contribute to e.g. apparent source width, distance, loudness, colouration etc. The current system alters the level of different reflection groups depending on the desired type of optimisation. It is hoped that in the future this system could be coupled with machine learning techniques, such that it is able to determine the initial perceptual qualities of the artificial reverb, then optimise the acoustics depending on the user’s needs. Such a system could ultimately be used to universally identify what spatial qualities are good and bad, then generically optimise the acoustics automatically.
FREQUENCY OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN ASYMPTOMATIC β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS AND THE ROLE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN EVALUATION

In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the frequency of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) in asymptomatic thalassemia major (TM) patients, and to investigate the impact of pulmonary function test (PFT) and CO diffusion results on the evaluation of pulmonary hypertension. Data from 50 asymptomatic patients with TM over age 10 were evaluated. Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed in 10 patients (20%). High tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity was found in 14% of adults and in 25% of children. Pulmonary function test including CO diffusion testing results were not different between the TM patients with or without pulmonary hypertension. In conclusion, PHT was frequent among TM patients even they were asymptomatic and although PFT results has shown lack of association, it should be investigated in larger population.
Enhancing Aromatic L‐amino Acid Decarboxylase Activity: Implications for L‐DOPA Treatment in Parkinson's Disease

Aromatic L‐amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) is an essential enzyme for the formation of catecholamines, indolamines, and trace amines. Moreover, it is a required enzyme for converting L‐DOPA to dopamine when treating patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). There is now substantial evidence that the activity of AAAD in striatum is regulated by activation and induction, and second messengers play a role. Enzyme activity can be modulated by drugs acting on a number of neurotransmitter receptors including dopamine (D1–4), glutamate (NMDA), serotonin (5‐HT1A, 5‐HT2A) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Generally, antagonists enhance AAAD activity; while, agonists may diminish it. Enhancement of AAAD activity is functional, as the formation of dopamine from exogenous L‐DOPA mirrors activity. Following a lesion of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, AAAD in striatum responds more robustly to pharmacological manipulations, and this is true for the decarboxylation of exogenous L‐DOPA as well. We review the evidence for parallel modulation of AAAD activity and L‐DOPA decarboxylation and propose that this knowledge can be exploited to optimize the formation of dopamine from exogenous L‐DOPA. This information can be used as a blue print for the design of novel L‐DOPA treatment adjuvants to benefit patients with PD.
A comparative Study of Yoga and Ayurvedic intervention in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Science and Consciousness (I JSC): a Bio-Psycho-Spiritual approach Published by the Research Foundation for Science & Consciousness, Uttarakhand, India Abstract Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important human ailment afflicting people from various walks of life in different countries. Although various treatment methodologies have been adopted for the management of this disease, its holistic management is still a challenge. Several researchers have uses traditional treatment methodologies like ayurveda and yoga for the treatment of T2DM and have found encouraging results without any side effects. The present study compares the effectiveness of a yoga practices package and an ayurvedic (herbo-mineral) formulation developed by the authors in the management of T2DM. The yoga practices package and ayurvedic (herbo-mineral) formulation were prescribed to two different groups of T2DM patients for one year along with dietary restrictions. 15 diagnosed T2DM patients were selected for each group through accidental sampling. In both the groups, there was significant reduction in Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Partum Blood Sugar (PPBS), Glycocylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) and Urine Sugar Fasting levels. There was no significant difference in the results for both the groups. No side effects were noted during the study period. This study suggests that the yoga practices package and the ayurvedic (herbo-mineral) formulation developed in the present study have reasonably good effect in the management of T2DM and the effectiveness of both is comparable.
Recognition and Generation through Machine Learning

With the development of information technology, the ideas of programming and mass calculation were introduced into the design field, resulting in the growth of computer-aided design. With the idea of designing by data, we began to manipulate data directly, and interpret data through design works. Machine Learning as a decision making tool has been widely used in many fields. It can be used to analyze large amounts of data and predict future changes. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a model framework in machine learning. It’s specially designed to learn and generate output data with similar or identical characteristics. Pix2pixHD is a modified version of GAN that learns image data in pairs and generates new images based on the input. The author applied pix2pixHD in recognizing and generating architectural drawings, marking rooms with different colors and then generating apartment plans through two convolutional neural networks. Next, in order to understand how these networks work, the author analyzed their framework, and provided an explanation of the three working principles of the networks, convolution layer, residual network layer and deconvolution layer. Lastly, in order to visualize the networks in architectural drawings, the author derived data from different layer and different training epochs, and visualized the findings as gray scale images. It was found that the features of the architectural plan drawings have been gradually learned and stored as parameters in the networks. As the networks get deeper and the training epoch increases, the features in the graph become more concise and clearer. This phenomenon may be inspiring in understanding the designing behavior of humans.
FAULT ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF POWER QUALITY USING 15 LEVEL CASCADED STATCOM

Many static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) utilize multilevel converters due to the following: 1) Lower harmonic injection into the power system; 2) Decreased stress on the electronic components due to decreased voltages; and 3) Lower switching losses. One disadvantage, however, is the increased likelihood of a switch failure due to the increased number of switches in a multilevel converter. A single switch failure, however, does not necessarily force an (2n + 1)-level STATCOM offline. Even with a reduced number of switches, a STATCOM can still provide a significant range of control by removing the module of the faulted switch and continuing with (2n − 1) levels. This approach introduces an approach to detect the existence of the faulted switch, identify which switch is faulty, and reconfigure the STATCOM. This approach is illustrated on an eleven-level STATCOM and the effect on the dynamic performance and the total harmonic distortion (THD) is analyzed.
Tropical Coronary Artery Disease and Arrhythmogenic Potentials—The Changing Pattern towards Endomyocardial Fibrosis—An Analysis

Aim: To analyse the increasing burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) in tropical and subtropical belts of the Equator since it remains blurred and carries a grim prognosis. Introduction: Endomyocardial fibrosis [EMF] is a tropical febrile disorder, confined to peculiar and limited geographical areas. Plaque buildup in endocardium and coronary arteries, causing ischemic injury and arrhythmic episodes, is a vanishing mystery in its pathogenesis and emphasizing alternative routes for understanding and treatment of this enigmatic disease. Case Report: 15 cases in various age groups were reported with potential complications of coronary artery disease and arrhythmias, associated with endocardial lesions, the characteristic feature of endomyocardial fibrosis. Conclusion: The narrowing of coronary arteries as a result of thickening of the walls, spasm, inflammation, plaques and its rupture produce ischemic episodes which can occur slowly or suddenly in a devastating pattern with arrhythmogenic potentials. The important steps to prevent and decrease the risk of CAD is to reduce the chance of getting this disorder by epidemiological measures with an advice of blood thinning medications such as small daily dose aspirin, antibiotics in susceptible individuals and revascularization in established myocardial infarction.
Kernel Selection and Dimensionality Reduction in SVM Classification of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogenous, behavioral disorder currently diagnosed at a rate above 1% of children in the United States [14]. Despite the high rate of incidence of ASD, there is no agreed upon theory of the effect that ASD has on the brain. Whole-brain approaches to studying ASD are often limited by the high dimensionality of the data involved. For this reason, dimensionality reduction and the use of machine learning methods have been widely used in the field to decrease computational load and provide insight into the differences in the brain between ASD and typically developing controls [5] [6] [9] [10] [8]. This paper reviews the efficacy of the choice of kernels for support vector machines and two different dimensionality approaches, principal component analysis and fixed slope regression. A leave-one-out classifier is used to determine the accuracy of the kernel and dimensionality reduction combination. Other processing steps include age regression, cross validation for parameter selection and scaling the data. Overall, fixed slope regression, modified from [5], proved to be the most useful technique of reducing the dimensionality of the data. Across all kernels, this dimensionality reduction technique resulted in the highest accuracy rate comparatively. The radial basis function proved to be the most stable kernel, yielding results with the smallest standard deviation across each method of dimensionality reduction. Overall, however, the best accuracy was found using the combibation of a linear kernel with fixed slope regression dimensionality reduction.