Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Sense and Meaning of Place”, and several cases of analysis and reasoning in relation to how certain components influence the survival Hosseiniyeh in compliance with “theories and models of sustainability and durability

Islamic and Iranian cities, both, East and West, know the physical monuments of Islamic culture based on one of the features of the Islamic cities. Meanwhile, other religious centers, including Tkaya, Hosseiniyeh and hospice is not the case to considerate, while these elements cause to shape group behavior, strengthen social ties and strengthening of cultural integration, have always played a major role. These reasons reflect the role of the religious and their religious mission to, Imam Hussein: have been lasting and eternal ever. On the other hand, religious buildings, including mosques, Hosseiniyeh, the convent, the grave and so for various reasons such as “governing their spirituality,” “Historical Background”, “architectural style” and “cultural works social among people of the past had been of special aspects “sanctity”. Materials and Methods, “descriptors” and “analytic” in addition, with reference to theories and models of sustainability and sustainable urban spaces using “argument” and “analog” to review these theories and extend them to Hosseiniyeh and Tkaya discussed and some results in this direction are mentioned. Research findings show the survival of Tkaya and Hosseiniyeh beliefs, beliefs, customs and religion of citizens, especially their integration with the components is related to religious values and reflecting the traditional city is based on the formation of beliefs is that survival, Protection and maintenance Hosseiniyeh paid actor and in which viewers of this show and passionate Hosseini mourning single entity to have formed; If due to the impact of beliefs and opinions of people throughout history has been a Hosseiniyeh as a phenomenon of religious values and that its inclusion has been persistent throughout history and reflect the beliefs of religious people and the world towards Imam Ali, Imam Hussein: future date will remain the eternal.
COLOR CHANGES OF VARIOUS WOOD SPECIES IN RESPONSE TO MOISTURE

Color including texture and gloss is one of the most important esthetical attributes of wood. For any porous materials in contact with water, the phenomenon of surface darkening arises from a change in the refractive index, as water enters air-filled pores. For the first time, this research investigated to what extent MC differences affect the surface color, below fiber saturation and after the pores are filled with water, with respect to extractive contents. Samples from 13 wood species were exposed to various climates, and as soon as EMC was reached, the color was determined. Color changes were also recorded after water submersion and also after vacuum impregnation in water. Chromaticity parameters a* and b* widely increased, along with higher moisture contents. Lightness changesweremostly stable at lower moisture contents.An exceptionwas demonstrated by the heartwood species black locust, plum, walnut, and oak, which showed a brightening effect at lowermoisture contents, followed by the darkening phase. The overall darkening of wood at high RH is connected to capillary condensation. Liquid water present in the cell lumen most caused darkening and an intensification of hue (increase in a* and b*). Darkening was even more expressed after vacuum impregnation with water. In conclusion, with only limited fluctuations in moisture contents below fiber saturation, the expected color changes are minor to neglectabl
Vegetables detection from the glossary shop for the blind.

Automatic recognitions of vegetables from images are often termed as vegetable vision. It is a technology to facilitate the checkout process by analysing real images of vegetables and match with the picture and inform the blind. It is always related to image processing, which can control the classification, qualification and segmentation of images and recognize the image. It is a recognition system for super market and grocery stores for the blind. From the captured images multiple recognition clues such as colour, shape, size, texture and size are extracted and analysed to classify and recognize the vegetables. If the system can identify uniquely, the blind human inform the vegetable name and information and can take the vegetable that she/he wants.
Gaussian and non-Gaussian models for financial bubbles via econophysics

We develop a rational expectations model of financial bubbles and study how the risk-return interplay is incorporated into prices. We retain the interpretation of the leading Johansen-Ledoit-Sornette model: namely, that the price must rise prior to a crash in order to compensate a representative investor for the level of risk. This is accompanied, in our stochastic model, by an illusion of certainty as described by a decreasing volatility function. As the volatility function decreases crashes can be seen to represent a phase transition from stochastic to deterministic behaviour in prices. Our approach is first illustrated by a benchmark Gaussian model - subsequently extended to a heavy-tailed model based on the Normal Inverse Gaussian distribution. Our model is illustrated by an empirical application to the London Stock Exchange. Results suggest that the aftermath of the Bank of England's process of quantitative easing has coincided with a bubble in the FTSE 100.
OFDM & PAPR on nonlinear commanding transform using high power amplifier

The main limitation in employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signal. A new nonlinear commanding algorithm that transforms the OFDM signals into the desirable statistics form defined by a linear piecewise function is proposed. The more adjustability in commanding form and an effective trade-off between the PAPR and bit error rate (BER) performances can be obtained by introducing an inflexion point and the variable slopes in the target probability density function. Theoretical analyses for this algorithm is presented and expressions regarding the achievable signal attenuation factor and transform gain are produced. The selection criteria of transform parameters focusing on its robustness and performance aspects are also examined. The conferred theoretical analyses are well verified via computer simulations.
Classification of titanium microstructure with fully convolutional neural networks

Titanium and its alloy exhibit excellent properties for biomedical applications, especially in implant surgery. Classification of Titanium microstructure is the process in material inspection that reveals background of the material. Generally, microstructure classification is manually performed. Due to the complexity of microstructure features, expertise is required for process operation. The traditional classification by humans is time consuming and possibly error prone if the inspection is not performed by titanium microstructure experts. Deep learning is considered the revolution of computer vision to enable computers to see and perceive like humans. The technique is widely used for automatically classifying images with high accuracy. In order to reduce human inspection time during quality control, this research presents the use of a type of deep learning, Fully Convolutional Neural Networks, for pixel-wise classification in the titanium microstructure images. The dataset contains private images of titanium samples taken by SEM microscopes. As the available training dataset is small, data augmentation using elastic deformations is applied for increasing the accuracy of the model. Constructed with the U-net architecture, the network achieves good performance with the pixel accuracy of 92.67% and mean IoU of 71.30%.
From Fauna to Flames : Remote Sensing with Scheimpflug Lidar

This thesis presents applications of the Scheimpflug Lidar (S-Lidar) method. The technique has been applied to combustion diagnostics on a scale of several meters as well as fauna detection and monitoring over distances of kilometers. Lidar or laser radar is a remote sensing technique where backscattering of laser light is detected with range resolution along the direction of the laser beam. It is an established method in e.g. atmospheric sensing where it is used to map and monitor gases and aerosols. In contrast to conventional Lidar, which uses a time-of-flight approach, Scheimpflug Lidar uses imaging to achieve range resolution. The laser beam transmitted from the Lidar system is sharply imaged onto a detector, resulting in range resolution along the sensor. This is done by placing the laser beam, the collection optics and the detector according to two trigonometrical conditions called the Scheimpflug and hinge rules. This kind of Lidar technique enables the use of small, continuous-wave diode lasers and line-array detectors with kHz sampling rates. A general description of the equations governing the achievable measurement range and resolution of S-Lidar are presented. The way the equations relate to the conventional Lidar equation is also discussed as well as the impact of the beam width. The instrumentation and experimental considerations for far range S-Lidar for aerial fauna monitoring are described and some temporally and spatially resolved data from field campaigns in Africa, China and Sweden are presented. A method used to reduce and analyze the large amount of collected data is also described. For the short-range applications, down-scaled versions of the system were developed. These systems are described as well as their applications. The short range system has mostly been used to investigate the potential of the technique to be applied for combustion diagnostics, and results from measurements in flames using both elastic and inelastic optical techniques, such as Rayleigh scattering and two-line atomic fluorescence are presented. A hyperspectral Lidar system aimed at aquatic applications is also presented. (Less)
Exploring the Dynamics of Knowledge Integration

This article investigates knowledge integration in product development projects. While much previous literature draws attention to the need for clearly specified goals, extensive knowledge sharing and close face-to-face interaction for activity and knowledge integration, alternative explanations are offered. The findings highlight the integrative capacity of individuals’ experience and tacit foreknowledge of the stacker artefact, as well as the complementary role of meetings and ad hoc problem solving. The article proposes an iterative model of the individual/collective dynamics involved and calls attention to its economizing potential. More generally, it provides an example of how the issue of knowledge integration may be reformulated into a dynamic perspective, recognizing the intergenerational learning benefits that accrue. The conclusions extend the argument of Zollo and Winter by showing how different task-related learning mechanisms may be combined and obtain their integrative capacity within an iterative process.
Application of Near Wall Model to Large Eddy Simulation Based on Boundary Layer Approximation

Turbulent statistics near a structural surface, such as a magnitude of temperature fluctuation and its frequency characteristic, play an important role in damage progression due to thermal stress. A Large Eddy Simulation (LES) has an advantage to obtain the turbulent statistics especially in terms of the frequency characteristic. However, it still needs a great number of computational cells near a wall. In the present paper, a two-layer approach based on boundary layer approximation is extended to an energy equation so that a low computational cost is achieved even in a large-scale LES analysis to obtain the near wall turbulent statistics. The numerical examinations are carried out based on a plane channel flow with constant heat generation. The friction Reynolds numbers (Re{sub t}) of 395 and 10,000 are investigated, while the Prandtl number (Pr) is set to 0.71 in each analysis. It is demonstrated that the present method is cost-effective for a large-scale LES analysis. (authors)
Fission in the landscape of heaviest elements: Some recent examples

The fission process still remains a main factor that determines the stability of the atomic nucleus of heaviest elements. Fission half-lives vary over a wide range, 10^−19 to 10^24 s. Present experimental techniques for the synthesis of the superheavy elements that usually measure α-decay chains are sensitive only in a limited range of half-lives, often 10^5 to 10^3 s. In the past years, measurement techniques for very short-lived and very long-lived nuclei were significantly improved at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt. Recently, several experimental studies of fission-related phenomena have successfully been performed. In this paper, results on 254−256Rf and 266Lr are presented and corresponding factors for retarding the fission process are discussed. (Less)
Dropout in schema therapy for personality disorders

Schema therapy (ST) is a relatively new, but promising, psychotherapy approach. Able to be implemented in both individual and group settings, research findings suggest that ST is a highly effective treatment for personality disorders. As in other treatments for personality disorders, some patients decide to drop out from treatment, feeling they did not benefit. To date, there has been no study in the literature that investigates the dropout rates across ST studies specifically. Consequently, this study systematically researched eight different ST studies in which dropout rates were reported. Together, these studies featured both individual and group therapy settings, inpatient and outpatient settings, and different personality disorder diagnoses. The weighted mean dropout rate was 23.3%, 95% CI (14.8-31.7%) across these studies. Although this finding is very similar to those meta-analyses that obtained their dropout rates from different orientations and diagnoses, namely psychotherapy in general, ST’s dropout rates might be significantly lower than studies that included personality disorders in particular.
Delay Reduction Technique for DynamicMANET On-demand Routing Protocol

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a network whose characteristics include absence of any kind of infrastructure, dynamic topology and limited resources. It consists of a set of wireless mobile nodes communicating with each other without any centralized control in order to communicate it requires multi hop routing. Routing in mobile ad-hoc networks is a key issue which decides network performance. Dynamic MANET On-demand Routing (DYMO) is a reactive protocol that suffers by significant delay variation. This paper proposes a Reduced Delay Dynamic MANET On-demand Routing protocol (RD-DYMO) with faster route discovery then established protocol. Additionally in order to reduce delay variation, short path selection mechanism is suggested which select route with minimum number of hop counts. The QualNet simulator is used to compare performances of both protocols. Simulation results are observed for wireless network scenarios with variation of node mobility, pause time, network area and packet sent rate. The results show the end to end delay in mobile scenarios decrease significantly, without much affecting the other QoS parameters. In addition proposed protocol improved packet delivery.
5S Improvement Tool or Business Strategy: Comparing Application and Understanding within Australia and New Zealand to Japan

This research provides an understanding of a Japanese management approach,‘5S’ and its application in Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Organisational Web pages from all three countries were compared via a qualitative content analysis to assess the nature of the adoption of 5S in each location. The research found that Japan emphasised 5S as a management strategy, whereas 5S in Australia and New Zealand is viewed as a workplace tool for improvement or daily operation. The findings suggest that a holistic understanding and application of 5S provides a problem solving intervention at the system or process level inline with lean management philosophies.
Compact FBG diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam

A compact fiber Bragg grating (FBG) diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensing system is based on the integration of a flat diaphragm and an L-shaped rigid cantilever beam. The FBG is pre-tensioned and the two side points are fixed, efficiently avoiding the unwanted chirp effect of grating. Dynamic vibration measurement shows that the proposed FBG diaphragm accelerometer provides a wide frequency response range (0–110 Hz) and an extremely high sensitivity (106.5 pm/g), indentifying it as a good candidate for embedding structural health monitoring and seismic wave measurement.
A comparative study of how to finance professional football premier leagues in Iran and England

The main objective of this comparative study is to see how professional football clubs in Iran and England's premier league are financed. This applied research has been conducted in a descriptive and analytical way. The results of the study showed that there is a significant difference between the ways through which English and Iranian professional football league clubs are financed. Most Iranian clubs are funded by government and industry-based sources (65%) while most English clubs are private and are funded by television broadcasting rights (31%), match-day income and cash flow from business (22%). Some major barriers to financing Iranian professional football league clubs are as follows; the state-run clubs, lack of financial transparency , the fact that IRIB refuses to pay the media broadcasting right to the clubs, failure in complying with copyright law in Iran , inappropriate competition schedules, unsuccessful club marketing management, club managers lack of awareness about new methods of financing, limited use of creative sport directors with financial and business expertise at different levels of football industry.
Environmental Kuznets Curve and Growth Source in Iran

Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environmental degradation and income, concluding that in some cases an inverted U-shaped relationship, which has been called an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), exists between these variables. The source of growth explanation is important for two reasons. First, it demonstrates how the pollution consequences of growth depend on the source of growth. Therefore, the analogy drawn by some in the environmental community between the damaging effects of economic development and those of liberalized trade is, at best, incomplete. Second, the source of growth explanation demonstrates that a strong policy response to income gains is not necessary for pollution to fall with growth. The aim of this paper investigates the role of differences source of growth in environmental quality of Iran. The results show the two growth resources in Iran cause, in the early stages, CO2 emission decreases until turning point but beyond this level of income per capita, economic growth leads to environmental degradation. I find a U relationship between environmental degradation (CO2 emission) and economic growth in Iran.
Achieving the potential of locally managed marine areas in the South Pacific 1

In the Pacific Islands, ever-increasing pressures on limited natural resources are mainly the result of rapid population increases. Soon, these pressures will be exacerbated by the impacts of climate change. One key to successfully containing such pressures could be locally managed marine areas, which build on existing community strengths in traditional knowledge, customary tenure and governance, and are combined with a local awareness of the need for action. However, the success of the locally managed marine areas depends on broadening their scope so that they serve as building blocks for the integrated management of island communities. The implications of this are examined in detail. 1. This article is based on Govan H. (ed) 2009. Status and potential of locally managed marine areas in the South Pacific: Meeting nature conservation and sustainable livelihood targets through wide-spread implementation of LMMAs (sponsored by SPREP/ WWF/WorldFish-Reefbase/CRISP), which can be downloaded from http://www.sprep. org/att/publication/000646_LMMA_report. pdf
Determination of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Turkish Endemic Salvia halophila Hedge

In this study, the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Salvia halophila Hedge (Lamiaceae) was evaluated by 2 antioxidant assays, including phosphomolybdenum reduction and free radical scavenging activity. The ethanol extract showed free radical scavenging activity with IC50 of 67.73 mg/mL in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The antioxidant activity of the extract was found to be 84.87 ± 0.7 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g extract in phosphomolybdenum assay. In the addition to the antioxidant activity of the extract, the total phenolic content was measured. Total phenolic content of ethanol extract was found to be 8.21 ± 0.0 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract. Antimicrobial activity of the extract was examined against 13 bacteria and 2 yeasts by agar diffusion method. The ethanol extract of S. halophila had no effect against the tested yeasts. The ethanol extract showed antibacterial activity against all of the tested Gram (+) bacteria except Listeria monocytogenes at 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% concentrations. The ethanol extract had no effect on the entire tested Gram (-) bacteria except Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Price Seasonality in Africa: Measurement and Extent

Everyone knows about seasonality. But what exactly do we know? This study systematically measures seasonal price gaps at 193 markets for 13 food commodities in seven African countries. It shows that the commonly used dummy variable or moving average deviation methods to estimate the seasonal gap can yield substantial upward bias. This can be partially circumvented using trigonometric and sawtooth models, which are more parsimonious. Among staple crops, seasonality is highest for maize (33 percent on average) and lowest for rice (16? percent). This is two and a half to three times larger than in the international reference markets. Seasonality varies substantially across market places, but maize is the only crop in which there are important systematic country effects. Malawi, where maize is the main staple, emerges as exhibiting the most acute seasonal differences. Reaching the Sustainable Development Goal of Zero Hunger requires renewed policy attention to seasonality in food prices and consumption.
Importance Placed on Managerial Leadership Competencies across Countries: What Managers Need to Know.

This study examines the importance placed on managerial competencies across countries. A partial replication of work done 5 years ago, this research demonstrated that various countries’ managers have changed the emphasis placed on some managerial competencies. Overall, results showed that many managerial competencies have similar amounts of importance placed upon them regardless of managerial location. However, other competencies have shown significant differences between countries. Implications of the findings for HRD are discussed.