Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Identity-Based Anonymous Three-Party Authenticated Protocol for IoT Infrastructure

The rapid advancement in the field of wireless sensor and cellular networks have established a rigid foundation for the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT has become a novel standard that incorporates various physical objects by allowing them to collaborate with each other. A large number of services and applications emerging in the field of IoT that include healthcare, surveillance, industries, transportation, and security. A service provider (SP) offers several services that are accessible through smart applications from any time, anywhere, and any place via the Internet. Due to the open nature of mobile communication and the Internet, these services are extremely susceptible to various malicious attacks, e.g., unauthorized access from malicious intruders. Therefore, to overcome these susceptibilities, a robust authentication scheme is the finest solution. In this article, we introduce a lightweight identity-based remote user authentication and key agreement scheme for IoT environment that enables secure access to IoT services. Our introduced scheme utilizes lightweight elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), hash operations, and XOR operations. The theoretical analysis and formal proof are presented to demonstrate that our scheme provides resistance against several security attacks. Performance evaluation and comparison of our scheme with several related schemes for IoT environment are carried out using the PyCrypto library in Ubuntu and mobile devices. The performance analysis shows that our scheme has trivial storage and communication cost. Hence, the devised scheme is more efficient not only in terms of storage, communication, and computation overheads but also in terms of providing sufficient security against various malicious attacks.
Changes in the physicochemical state of iron and nutritional deterioration in powdered infant formulas during storage

Comparaison, pour 3 produits en poudre a base de caseine ou de soja et supplementes en sulfate ferreux, de la repartition du fer, de la teneur en fer et en methionine et de la formulation de chromophores fluorescents. Les alterations observees sont de type oxydatif
El mono humanizado : la búsqueda genética de lo que nos hace humanos

Since its use as an excuse to justify a kind of species-racism, the concept of human is now so inclusive that has blurred the borders between human and chimpanzee. Thanks to the advances of molecular biology, genomics and proteomics, molecular anthropology has similarly moved from being a merely descriptive, highly speculative discipline to consider facing the search for the functional mechanisms of cognition. In this work, we make an historical review of the methodology employed in the search for our humanness at the molecular level, the concepts and the most relevant findings so far.
Subcellular pH and Ca2+ in Plasmodium falciparum : Implications for understanding drug resistance mechanisms

Live cell imaging plays an ever increasing role in the investigation of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. For example, fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, in combination with ion specific fluorochromes, have been used to determine steady-state and dynamic pH and Ca 2+ concentrations within different compartments of the infected erythrocyte, including the parasite's digestive vacuole that is thought to be the target of several important antimalarial drugs. The data obtained, using live cell imaging, have led to the hypothesis that the digestive vacuole serves as a dynamic intracellular Ca 2+ store or that changes in the pH gradient across the digestive vacuolar membrane are associated with certain drug resistance phenotypes. However, both these hypotheses and the underpinning data have been challenged on the grounds that alternative explanations are possible to account for the data obtained. Here we review the known problems that can arise when imaging live P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes.
The influence of germination time on SDG lignan, phenolic and flavonoid contents of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) sprouts.

In this study, the effect of germination time on SDG (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside) lignan, phenolic and flavonoid contents of brown and yellow flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) and their sprouts was investigated. SDG lignan content of brown and yellow flaxseeds were obtained as 13.76 and 6.17 mg/g dw respectively whereas, germination resulted in a noticable reduction of SDG lignan in seeds. 13-old-day brown flaxseed sprouts had the highest SDG lignan content (0.72 mg/g dw) whereas, the highest SDG lignan content was determined as 0.37 mg/g in yellow flaxseed sprouts at 11 days. Free and esterified phenolics and flavonoids were increased after with germination and during germination (5-13 days) and cultivar had a significant effect (P<0.05). Total phenolic content of brown and yellow flaxseeds increased 4.2-fold and 7.3-fold after germination of 13 days respectively, similarly total flavonoid content increased 33.5-fold and 26.8-fold. The percentage of esterified phenolics decreased with germination in seeds and represented 66.11 and 67.02% of total phenolics in brown and yellow flaxseed sprouts at 5 days whereas, the percentage of free flavonoids in seeds increased with germination and reached to 77.35 and 71.11% in brown and yellow flaxseed sprouts respectively.
Genomic Signatures of Natural Selection and Geographic Isolation in Corallivorous Snails

Author(s): Simmonds, Sara Elizabeth | Advisor(s): Barber, Paul H | Abstract: Our understanding of evolution in marine ecosystems is framed by theories of speciation developed in terrestrial environments. In the ocean, however, speciation processes are likely to be different than on land. A general lack of absolute barriers, and the vast distances certain organisms can travel as larvae, mean that populations likely diverge in the presence of gene flow. The objective of this dissertation is to examine the relative contribution of different mechanisms of divergence in the sea in order to deepen our understanding of speciation. We examined the population genetics of ectoparasitic snails (Coralliophila radula, C. violacea) that specialize on Porites corals, and occupy a vast geographic and environmental range across the Indo-Pacific. In Chapter One, we used a comparative phylogeographic approach to explore whether populations of both taxa diverged across common geographic barriers, or due to adaptation to the host. We found striking evidence of genetic structure with geography for both snail species, and structure concordant with host within C. violacea populations. These findings suggest that in addition to historical sea level fluctuations, symbioses also contribute to diversification of these snails in the Coral Triangle. In Chapter Two, we used genome-wide data (SNPs) to investigate whether the ecological divergence we observed in C. violacea occurred via directional selection on different hosts and identify loci under selection. We saw genetic evidence of snail migration between hosts, as well as hybridization. By testing for FST outliers, we found loci under divergent selection, including a gene involved in the control of xenobiotic detoxification pathway gene expression, perhaps allowing snails to neutralize coral-specific toxins. These findings provide strong support for ecological divergence with gene flow, driven by adaptation to host. In Chapter Three, we focused on one ecomorph of C. violacea that inhabits coral reefs across a range of environmental conditions. Using genome-wide data and a global ocean-climate database, we identified signatures of geographic isolation and local adaptation. We saw four genetically distinct groups, consistent with results from Chapter One, with most divergence in peripheral populations. Searching for genetic associations with ocean climate variables, we found that the strongest driver of local adaptation was sea surface temperature variation. Our results show that local adaption to different environments likely reinforces neutral divergence, especially in peripheral populations.
Territorial breakdown and brood movements in willow grouse Lagopus l. lagopus

Etude des aires d'alimentation de 15 couvees de L. l.l. sur une petite ile du nord de la Norvege. Quelques jeunes quittent le territoire de leurs parents rapidement, tandis que d'autres restent avec eux jusqu'a un mois apres l'eclosion, mais ceci n'influence pas la survie. Le territoire de L. l. l. ne fonctionne apparemment pas pour favoriser la disponibilite des aliments pour les poussins
FOOD STANDARDS AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND AGENTS OF FOODBORNE ILLNESS

Salmonella spp. are Gram-negative, non-spore forming rod-shaped bacteria and are members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (Jay et al. 2003). The genus Salmonella is divided into two species: S. enterica (comprising six subspecies) and S. bongori. Over 99% of human Salmonella spp. infections are caused by S. enterica subsp. enterica (Bell and Kyriakides 2002; Crum-Cianflone 2008). Strains of Salmonella can be characterised serologically based on the presence and/or absence of O (somatic) and H (flagella) antigens. Phage typing is used to subtype Salmonella serotypes. The phage type is determined by the sensitivity of the bacterial cells to the lytic activity of selected bacteriophages (Bell and Kyriakides 2002; Jay et al. 2003).
Bacterial Biofilms in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Potential Alternative Therapeutics

Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem that affects approximately 171 million people globally. One of its most severe complications is the development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Ischemic and neurophatic lesions are of major importance for DFU onset; however, it is the infection by multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing microorganisms, along with local microenvironmental conditions unfavorable to antibiotics action that ultimately cause infection chronicity and lower limbs amputa‐ tion. Novel therapeutic protocols for DFU management are extremely urgent. Bacteriophages, probiotics and antimicrobial peptides (AMP) have recently been proposed as alternatives to currently available antibiotics. Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect and multiply within bacterial cells. Their ability to diffuse through polymeric matrixes makes them particularly efficient to eradicate biofilm-based bacteria. Promising results were also observed with probiotic therapy. Probiotics are well-characterized strains with the ability to compete with pathogen‐ ic microorganisms and modulate the host immune response. AMP are molecules produced by living organisms as part of their innate immune response. Unlike conventional antibiotics, AMP also act as immunomodulators and resistance to AMP was rarely observed, supporting their potential as therapeutic agents. These innovative therapeutic strategies may in the future substitute or complement antibiotherapy, ultimately contributing for the decrease in multidrug-resistant bacteria dissemination.
Uniconazole-induced Alleviation of Low-temperature Damage in Relation to Antioxidant Activity

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Marketer) seedlings were treated with 100 μg of soil-applied uniconazole and then exposed to 22 or − 1C for 8 hours 1 week following treatment. Following exposure to − 1C, electrolyte leakage from leaf tissue of treated plants was about one-third that of the controls, indicating that uniconazole reduced low-temperature damage. Foliar proline content was unaffected by uniconazole at 22C, but, following low temperature exposure, was ≈25% less in treated than in control plants. Following low-temperature exposure, malondialdehyde content was ≈25% less in treated seedlings than in controls, suggesting that uniconazole may have decreased low temperature-induced lipid peroxidation. Uniconazole-induced low-temperature tolerance was accompanied by increased levels or activities of various antioxidants, including glutathione, peroxidase, and catalase. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that triazole-induced stress tolerance is due, at least in part, to increased antioxidant activity that reduces stress-related oxidative damage to cell membranes. Chemical names used: γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine (glutathione); (E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)penten-3-ol (uniconazole, XE-1019).
Neuromodulation and Plasticity in the Respiratory Tract

The respiratory system is constantly being modulated by numerous aminergic, and peptidergic substances like ligands and neurotransmitters that act at all levels of integration, from sensory level of central networks to motor nuclei. All of the processes leading to respiration involve the action of multiple neuromodulators through Gprotein coupled receptors or metabotropic receptors and second messenger systems which amplify the action of microscopic ligand (protein) binding within the cell membrane. These neuromodulators include serotonin (5-HT), substance-p (SP), and cholecystokinin (CCK) which usually exert excitatory effects on respiratory activity. Neuromodulators, unlike neurotransmitters, have a widespread effect in our nervous system. In an area located in the medulla oblongata called the pre-botzinger complex (Pre-BotC) neuromodulators can modulate frequency and amplitude in different types of pacemaker neurons. The effect of these modulators are constantly changing in our respiratory system due to various different factors including genome type, age, gender, diseases etc. The long-term alteration of the effects of neuromodulators with prior experience and development is known as long term plasticity. On the contrary, plasticity on a shorter time scale is known as short term plasticity. Plasticity may induce structural or functional alterations at different sites in the respiratory control system which in further results in changes in our breathing pattern. Plasticity is vital for our survival and helps us adapt with our constantly changing environmental conditions. Although the neural system connected to respiratory control has been regarded as immutable, evidence has accumulated in recent years proving that the respiratory control system exhibits impressive plasticity, just as in other regions of the nervous system. Because of its recent discovery we have just brushed upon this concept and a lot is left to be unraveled.
Population dynamics of Rana macrocnemis Boulenger, 1885 at Uludağ, Western Turkey

Abstract In a study on the population dynamics of the Uludağ Frog, Rana macrocnemis Boulenger, 1885 at Uludağ, 4,952 individuals were marked with toeclipping, visible implant elastomer and vi alpha tags between 2006 and 2008. 47.1% of the population consisted of males, 39.0% of females and 13.8% of juveniles, and a male-biased sex ratio was observed. According to the formula of Jolly-Seber, the mean population size was calculated for individual study plots as 1,535 in Kirazlıyayla, 1,578 in Sarıalan, 1,481 in the Hotels District, 823 in Lake Kilimli, 742 in Lake Kara, 675 in Lake Aynalı, 658 in Lake Koğukdere, and 151 in Lake Heybeli. The total population size was estimated at 7,643 individuals (3,113 in forest, 4,530 in the subalpine belt) in 1.30 ha areas (0.14 ha in forest, 1.16 ha in the subalpine belt) in study plots of Uludağ ranging between 1,476 to 2,450 m a.s. l. The capture probability ranged from 0.21 to 0.93 and the survival rate ranged from 0.57 to 0.98 among the populations, and the mean population density was calculated as 0.19–2.52 individuals/m2. The age in the population varied between 2 and 11 years, and the median age was calculated as 4 in males, 4.5 in females. The sexual maturity age ranged from 2nd to 6th years depending on altitude (from 1,476 to 2,450 m). It was found that the breeding period commenced in early April upon the melting of the snow and extended until the end of June, depending on altitude. The mean number of eggs in an egg mass was calculated to be 987±326. Spawned eggs hatched in 7 to 32 days depending on weather conditions and metamorphosis was completed in 46 to 130 days.
The deubiquitinating enzyme USP1 modulates ERα and modulates breast cancer progression

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, while the luminal types (ERα positive) accounts for two third of all breast cancer cases. Although ERα positive breast cancer could be effective controlled by endocrine therapy, most of the patients will develop endocrine resistance, which becomes a headache clinical issue for breast cancer field. Endocrine resistance could be caused by multiple pathway disorders, the dys-regulation of ERα signaling might be a critical factor, which makes it urgent and important to reveal the potential molecular mechanism of ERα signaling. In our current study, we identified a new deubiquitination enzyme USP1 through screening the whole DUB (Deubiquitinases) siRNA library. The expression of USP1 is elevated in human breast cancer compared with normal mammary tissues. Importantly, USP1 expression levels are specially correlated with poor survival in ERα positive patients. USP1 depletion inhibited breast cancer cell progression and ERα signaling activity. Immuno-precipitation assays indicate that USP1 associates with ERα and promotes its stability possibly via inhibiting ERα K48-linked poly-ubiquitination. In conclusion, our data implicate a non-genomic mechanism by USP1 via stabilizing ERα protein controls ERα target gene expression linked to breast cancer progression.
A Chondrodysplasia Family Produced by Mutations in the Diastrophic Dysplasia Sulfate mansporter

Achondrogenesis type 1B (ACG-lB), atelosteogenesis type 2 (A0-2), and diastrophic dysplasia (DTD) are recessively inherited chondrodysplasias of decreasing severity caused by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter (DTDST) gene on chromosome 5. In these conditions, sulfate transport across the cell membrane is impaired which results in insufficient sulfation of cartilage proteoglycans and thus in an abnormally low sulfate content of cartilage. The severity of the phenotype correlates well with the predicted effect of the underlying DTDST mutations: homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type lB, while other structural or regulatory mutations usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes. The chondrodysplasias arising at the DTDST locus constitute a bone dysplasia family with recessive
Effect of Extraction and Processing Conditions on Anthocyanins of Barberry

The effects of extraction and processing conditions including varieties (Berberis integerrima: A, Berberis vulgaris: P), solvent (water: W, ethanol: E), light (presence: L, absence: T), pH (3, 1.5), temperature (25, 50C), processes of heating (95, 80C), chilling (ref 1, 2 months), freezing (con), microwave (mic) and gamma irradiation (at doses of 0.5–10 kGy) on bioactive compounds were studied. The highest and lowest amounts (mg/100 g extract) of total phenolic (TPC), monomeric anthocyanin (MAC) and anthocyanin contents in extraction conditions, were: AET325 and PEL350, AET350 and PEL325 and delphinidin 3 glucoside in AET1.550 and peonidin 3 glucoside in PEL325, respectively. The highest and lowest amounts in processing conditions were, respectively: TPC (A7.5) and (Pmic), MAC (A0.5) and (P10), polymeric anthocyanin content (Pref2) and (A10), cyanidin 3 glucoside (A2.5) and all three delphinidin 3 glucoside, pelargonidin 3,5 diglucoside and peonidin 3 glucoside in B. vulgaris after processing were not detected. Practical Applications No data have been done about polyphenols and anthocyanins changes during processing excluding sun and shade drying (Moghaddam et al. 2013), in barberry fruits. The Berberis vulgaris fruit owing to its color and mellow taste is used as a seasoning in food. Berberis integerrima fruits are used to prepare juices. Polyphenols affect appearance, flavor, taste and nutrients of foods. Their beneficial activities are including antiplatelet aggregation, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and estrogenic properties. They prevent from cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Some advantageous properties of anthocyanins are antimicrobial, antihepatitis A and B, antimutation, reducing blood sugar, protecting of capillary permeability and they are identified as vitamin P. These compounds have greater antioxidant ability than vitamin E, ascorbic acid and β-carotene. According to prior researches, variety of plant, solvent, light, pH and temperature affect the yield of polyphenols and anthocyanins extraction. Therefore, we will study these parameters in this article.
Light utilization in microalgae : the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Les microalgues ont developpe des approches distinctes pour moduler l'absorption de la lumiere et son utilisation par leurs photosystemes en reponse a des stimuli environnementaux. Dans ce rapport de These je presente les differentes strategies employees par une algue d'eau douce (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) et une algue marine (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) pour optimiser leur acclimatation a l'environnement.Dans la premiere partie de ce rapport, je propose un modele de cellules entieres de la diatomee marine Phaeodactylum tricornutum obtenue par analyses spectroscopiques et biochimiques ainsi que par l’obtention d’images par microscopie electronique et reconstitution 3-D. Ce modele a ete utilise pour repondre aux questions suivantes i. comment est structure un chloroplaste secondaire pour faciliter les echanges avec le cytosol a travers les quatre membranes qui le delimitent ii. comment sont structurees les membranes photosynthetiques afin d’optimiser l'absorption de lumiere et le flux d'electrons et iii. comment les chloroplastes et les mitochondries sont organises pour optimiser l'assimilation du CO2 par echange ATP / NADPH.La deuxieme partie de ce rapport porte sur la regulation de la collection de la lumiere et de sa dissipation chez Chlamydomonas grâce a l'etude d'une part du role de la perception de la couleur de la lumiere et d'autre part du metabolisme sur la dissipation de l'exces de lumiere par quenching non photochimique (NPQ). En utilisant des approches biochimiques et spectroscopiques, j'ai mis en evidence un lien moleculaire entre la photoreception, la photosynthese et la photoprotection chez Chlamydomonas via le role du photorecepteur phototropine, demontrant ainsi que le metabolisme, en plus de la lumiere, peut aussi affecter ce processus d'acclimatation.En conclusion, ce travail de these revele l'existence et l'integration des differentes voies de signalisation dans la regulation des reponses photoprotectrices mises en place chez les microalgues marines et d'eau douce.
AFLP ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THREE REPRODUCTIVE FORMS OF Agave tequilana ANÁLISIS AFLP DE LA VARIABILIDAD GENÉTICA EN TRES FORMAS DE REPRODUCCIÓN DE Agave tequilana

*SUMMARY The Agave genus belongs to the Agavaceae family and contains around 200 species with diverse uses. Agave tequilana is one of the most important species at the industrial level in Mexico since sugars accumulated in the stems of these plants are used to produce the spirit called tequila. Agave production is supported by intensive clonal propagation and the suppression of the sexual reproduction, leading to reduction in genetic variability and a greater susceptibility to plagues and diseases in commercial plantations. Nevertheless, this study with plants from a field in Guanajuato, Mexico, carried out using AFLP markers shows that differences at the molecular level exist between offsets and bulbils produced asexually from the same mother plant (75.08 and 86.06 % polymorphic loci, respectively). Although a significant level of polymorphism is observed between rhizome offsets, levels are even higher between bulbils, reaching levels comparable to those found between plantlets produced from seeds (90.1 %). We propose a more detailed study of the factors causing genetic variability between asexually propagated individuals of Agave tequilana.