Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TES detectors applications for scientific instruments in space and on the ground

Transition Edge Sensors (TES) technology is among the most mature within the various Low Temperature Devices. These versatile devices can be used both as microcalorimeters or bolometers and tailored to different types of radiation by proper selection of the absorber layer materials and geometry. These sensors are designed and produced almost routinely in many laboratories with a good yield of devices reaching the design goals. The co-developing readout electronics for these TES systems, based on SQUID with various multiplexing schemes (time domain, frequency domain, code domain), is improving with each new instrument design and is foreseeable that instruments having many thousands of pixels are within reach in the next few years allowing the development of a new generation of spectroscopic/imaging instruments. In general the current performances of TES-based systems potentially allow to disclose new scenarios in the field of spectroscopy also for laboratory applications. This proceeding paper presents a brief overview of the TES detectors characteristics from the system engineering point of view and a panorama of some application in space and on ground.
Study of nonlinear optical properties of TiO2 – polystyrene nanocomposite films

We consider an ex-situ prepared TiO2 − polystyrene (TiO2 − PS) nanocomposite, with different concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), deposited by the spin-coating method on quartz substrates. Nonlinear optical properties of the TiO2 − PS nanocomposite films are studied using the Z-scan technique. Structural properties of the films are investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The optical band gap energy of the TiO2 − PS films are determined from the optical absorption spectra. The relation between the optical nonlinearities and the bandgap energy, as a microscopic electronic property of the semiconductor nanocomposite, is established. It is shown that an increase in the content of TiO2 NPs in the nanocomposite films results in bandgap narrowing and concomitant enhancement of optical nonlinearities. It is proposed that bandgap narrowing and enhancement of optical nonlinearities can be ascribed to the introduction of mid-gap states as a result of the formation of surface defects in TiO2 NPs. The results of this work indicate that incorporation of TiO2 NPs in the PS polymeric matrix can be a new way for bandgap narrowing of TiO2 NPs toward the visible light region, which is of great interest for their application in this part of the spectrum. Furthermore, enhancement of the optical nonlinearities of the spin-coated TiO2 − PS films by increasing the TiO2 NP content can open up new avenues for their use as nonlinear optical films in photonics applications.
Cooperative Moving-Target Enclosing Control for Multiple Nonholonomic Vehicles Using Feedback Linearization Approach

This article investigates the moving-target circular formation control problem for multiple nonholonomic vehicles under a directed graph. First, a novel moving-target enclosing control scheme is proposed by using the feedback linearization approach, in which the design procedure of the cooperative controller is more straightforward. Compared with the existing literature, the designed controller relaxes some existing constraints and the corresponding stability analysis is more concise. Second, based on the distance measurements, the observers, including sliding-mode observer and relative position observer, are designed to estimate the relative position so that the global position measurements are not required. Therefore, the observer-based controller becomes more suitable for practical application. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Density estimation of multivariate samples using Wasserstein distance

ABSTRACT Density estimation is a central topic in statistics and a fundamental task of machine learning. In this paper, we present an algorithm for approximating multivariate empirical densities with a piecewise constant distribution defined on a hyperrectangular-shaped partition of the domain. The piecewise constant distribution is constructed through a hierarchical bisection scheme, such that locally, the sample cannot be statistically distinguished from a uniform distribution. The Wasserstein distance has been used to measure the uniformity of the sample data points lying in each partition element. Since the resulting density estimator requires significantly less memory to be stored, it can be used in a situation where the information contained in a multivariate sample needs to be preserved, transferred or analysed.
Antenna performance improvement by utilizing a small parasitic slot in stacked PCBs for IoT devices

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a simple and efficient technique to improve the antenna radiation performance in stacked printed circuit boards (PCBs) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. In the proposed design, a planner loop-type ground radiation antenna with compact size is implemented at the upper PCB for 2.4 GHz applications, while the lower PCB overlaps with the upper PCB, inducing out-of-phase current distributions over the lower PCB, thereby resulting in a narrow bandwidth and low efficiency. Therefore, a small parasitic resonator is utilized on the lower PCB to diminish the undesired out-of-phase current. Higher efficiency and wider bandwidth are thus achieved by tuning the impedance characteristic of the parasitic slot, indicating the proposed technique is effective in improving antenna performance for devices with stacked PCBs.
Large emission enhancement and emergence of strong coupling with plasmons in nanoassemblies: Role of quantum interactions and finite emitter size

a) Materials: Cadmium oxide (CdO) powder, Zinc oxide (ZnO), Trioctylphosphine (TOP ), Selenium powder, Sulphur, Oleic acid (OA), ODE, Chloroform and Toluene, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany) for the synthesis of QDs. Dodecanethiol (DDT ), HAuCl4, NaBH4 granules, NaOH , Hexene also procured from Sigma-Aldrich and Acetone,hexane, HCL from HDFCL for AuNP synthesis. Deionized water (18.2 Megaohms-cm, Milipore) was used for all Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film transfer.
Unequally spaced microstrip linear antenna arrays for fifth-generation base station

Wireless technology communication has been continuously evolving towards future fifth generation (5G), whereby multi-beam, multi-frequency, and low sidelobe characteristics are required in the mobile base station. However, the low sidelobe level of conventional mobile base station antenna led to more complex of feeding network design in order to give an adequate excitation coefficients (amplitude and phase) to array elements. Thus, the current base station antennas are difficult for wide frequency use due to frequency range is limited. Subsequently in this research, an unequally spaced microstrip linear antenna arrays is proposed. The radiation pattern synthesis for low sidelobe and grating lobes suppression over wide frequency use are investigated. In the first stage, a single antenna is designed at frequency 28 GHz followed by 16 element linear arrays in order to achieve the gain requirement for mobile base station antenna. Next, the design of antenna arrays with sidelobe reduction is proposed. Three configurations of linear antenna arrays are designed, which are equally spaced array (ESA), unequally spaced array 1 (USA 1) and unequally spaced array 2 (USA 2) at frequency f! = 28 GHz, f1 = 42 GHz and f2 = 56 GHz with a similar array aperture, in order to investigate the antenna performance in wide frequency use characteristics. USA 1 and USA 2 are having different center spacing of array (dc), which are dc(USA1) = 0.6 mm and dc(USA2) = 0.5 mm, respectively. The simulation results are obtained by using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The good results were observed, where the performance of sidelobe reduction are constant even though the frequency changes. Due to the lack of measurement facilities at higher frequency than 18 GHz, the antenna arrays are redesigned at lower frequency, which are 12 and 18 GHz. In order to achieve a wide frequency operation, a wide frequency use of ESA? , USA 1? and USA 2? feeding network (which notation ? indicates that the frequency of 12 GHz is chosen as reference) are designed by using Advanced Design System (ADS). An equal line lengths (ln) with equal power ratio dividers were constructed. The sidelobe reduced from -13 dB for ESA? to -19 dB for USA 2? The measurement of S-parameter and radiation pattern are performed using a vector network analyzer (VNA) and anechoic chamber, respectively. The measured results were presented and a good correlation with simulations was observed. From the observation, the sidelobe level and grating lobe suppression of USA 2? is reduced rather well and recommended for wide frequency band for 5G mobile base station antenna.
Refined regularity and stabilization properties in a degenerate haptotaxis system

We consider the degenerate haptotaxis system \begin{document}$ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u_t = (d(x)u)_{xx} - (d(x)uw_x )_x, \\ w_t = -ug(w), \end{array} \right. $\end{document} endowed with no-flux boundary conditions in a bounded open interval \begin{document}$ \Omega \subset \mathbb{R} $\end{document} . It was proposed as a basic model for haptotactic migration in heterogeneous environments. If the diffusion is degenerate in the sense that \begin{document}$ d $\end{document} is non-negative, has a non-empty zero set and satisfies \begin{document}$ \int_\Omega \frac{1}{d} , then it has been shown in [ 12 ] under appropriate assumptions on the initial data that the system has a global generalized solution satisfying in particular \begin{document}$ u(\cdot,t) \rightharpoonup \frac{\mu_\infty}{d} $\end{document} weakly in \begin{document}$ L^1 (\Omega) $\end{document} as \begin{document}$ t \to \infty $\end{document} for some positive constant \begin{document}$ \mu_\infty $\end{document} . We now prove that under the additional restriction \begin{document}$ \int_\Omega \frac{1}{d^2} we have the strong convergence \begin{document}$ u(\cdot,t)\to \frac{\mu_\infty}{d} $\end{document} in \begin{document}$ L^p (\Omega) $\end{document} as \begin{document}$ t \to \infty $\end{document} for any \begin{document}$ p \in (1,2) $\end{document} . In addition, with the same restriction on \begin{document}$ d $\end{document} we obtain improved regularity properties of \begin{document}$ u $\end{document} , for instance \begin{document}$ du \in L^\infty ((0,\infty); L^p(\Omega)) $\end{document} for any \begin{document}$ p \in (1,\infty) $\end{document} .
Biomedical Technologies in the Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue Defects in Patients with Diabetic Foot Syndrome

The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of collagen implants in the closure of tissue defects. We offer a method that enables us to avoid the drawbacks of autodermoplasty based on the free split-thickness skin graft. Materials and Methods: This paper describes all steps of treatment of skin and soft tissue defects in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS), including ultrasonic cavitation with hydrosurgical debridement to remove necrotic debris, purulent pellicle and bacterial biofilm, and an alternative technique for wound defect closure using high-tech biomaterials based on type I collagen (“Collost”, “Salvecoll”). Results: Use of type I collagen (“Collost”, “Salvecoll”) as a component of combination treatment of tissue defects in DFS allowed us to increase the relative rate of wound healing, reduce the incidence of high-level amputations, and significantly reduce inpatient surgical coverage around the clock and speed up a patient’s transfer to outpatient care. Conclusion: Ultrasonic cavitation with hydrosurgical debridement is the most effective procedure for wound preparation for closure. The use of bioplastic collagen materials in patients with DFS is the most effective solution in the management of wound defects. (Int J Biomed. 2016; 6(1):41-45. ).
DISTRIBUTION OF CUTANEOUS NERVES OF HANDS IN CHINESE SUBJECTS

Distributions of cutaneous nerves of the hand were observed by dissection methodin the 200 hands of 100 Chinese adult cadavers (male 67, female 33). Incidences ofdistribution of individual nerves on the dorsum of hands were as following: Superficialbranch of the radial nerve: 98.5±0.90%; dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve: 99.0±0.7%;lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm: 23.5±3.00%; posterior cutaneous nerve of theforearm: 1.0±0.7%; and medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm: 1.0±0.7%. According to the range of distribution of relevant nerves, patterns of distribution ofcutaneous nerves on the dorsum of hands can be classified into 6 types. The type withthe superficial branch of the radial nerve distributing on the dorsum of radial 2(1/2) fingers,and the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve distributing on the ulnar 2(1/2) fingers was foundin 57.0±3.5% of the 200 hands. This type was considered as the prevalent type ofChinese subjects. Cases with the ulnar nerve entirely or almost entirely substituted bythe superficial branch of the radial nerve were grouped as type V, which was found in3.5±1.3% of cases. Cases with the radial nerve completely or almost completely re-placed by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm while the dorsal branch of the ulnarnerve remaining unchanged were found in 5.0±1.54% of cases. The significance ofthese rare cases was discussed. Pattern of cutaneous distributions on the palm was quite constant. In 98.5±0.85%of cases showed to be the median nerve supplying the radial 3(1/2) fingers while the ulnarnerve supplying the ulnar 1(1/2) fingers.
Crosstalk-Induced System Outage in Intensity-Modulated Direct-Detection Multi-Core Fiber Transmission

Crosstalk-power in homogenous single-mode multi-core fibers can vary by more than 20 dB over time and frequency. The extend of these fluctuations depends on the interacting cores’ propagation parameters and the transmitted modulation format. Furthermore, the polarizations of signal and crosstalk can change randomly during transmission. In this paper, we describe the effect of random crosstalk-power variations and the relative signal-crosstalk polarization fluctuations when transmitting single-polarization, intensity-modulated signals such as on-off-keying. We show experimentally that the polarization of a signal fluctuates slower than the polarization of crosstalk, indicating uncorrelated processes. We further investigate the system impact of both, crosstalk-power fluctuations and the relative signal-crosstalk polarization variations on a 10 Gb/s on-off-keying transmission system employing a 10.1 km 19-core multi-core fiber. We show that the two-dimensional space of random fluctuations that is spanned by crosstalk power and relative signal-crosstalk polarization can vary the system's bit error rate by more than five orders of magnitude.
Virtual control with hard constraints

Practical control problems are always subject to plant state and/or input constraints, which make designing an effective controller a challenging task. This paper introduces a novel virtual control approach to handling the presence of hard constraints in control systems by utilizing virtual mechanisms in the form of nonlinear springs and dampers. The augmented virtual mechanisms are to assist in better shaping the closed‐loop responses, especially when operating near the constrained boundary. A linear quadratic regulator based model predictive control method is utilized to develop stabilizing controllers that not only achieve desired system performance, but also meet the imposed hard constraints. The basic idea is to dramatically increase control penalty by way of tuning the spring and damper effect when the constrained state/input response is close to its hard constraint. The proposed method is applied to a balancing ball problem to demonstrate its applicability and effectiveness, and the simulation results validate the proposed concept.
Vergleich von Graphen- und Kalman-Filter-basierten Verfahren zur verbesserten Eigenbewegungsschätzung auf Basis detektierter statischer Objekte

Niklas Stannartz, M.Sc., TU Dortmund, Institut für Roboterforschung, Lehrstuhl für Regelungssystemtechnik, 44221 Dortmund, Deutschland, niklas.stannartz@tu-dortmund.de Dr.-Ing. Avraam Tolmidis, ZF, Automated Driving & Integral Cognitive Safety, 40547 Düsseldorf, Deutschland, avraam.tolmidis@zf.com Dr. rer. nat. Oliver Maria Kind, ZF, Automated Driving & Integral Cognitive Safety, 40547 Düsseldorf, Deutschland, oliver.kind@zf.com Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Prof. h.c. Dr. h.c. Torsten Bertram, TU Dortmund, Institut für Roboterforschung, Lehrstuhl für Regelungssystemtechnik, 44221 Dortmund, Deutschland, torsten.bertram@tu-dortmund.de
Processing of Spaceborne Squinted Sliding Spotlight and HRWS TOPS Mode Data Using 2-D Baseband Azimuth Scaling

This article presents an efficient 2-D baseband azimuth scaling (2-D BAS) approach for the focusing of data acquired in the spaceborne squinted sliding spotlight and high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) terrain observation by progressive scan (TOPS) imaging modes. The existing approaches can become inefficient or invalid due to the coexistence of central “absolute” and marginal “relative” squint in the above-mentioned modes. In this article, the signal properties of spaceborne squint synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with the antenna electronically steering in the azimuth dimension are analyzed first, based on which a new parity-decomposition-based range equation (PDRE) is presented to dedicatedly model the range histories of targets illuminated by the rotating beam. A novel 2-D BAS approach is then developed to remove the odd asymmetric part but preserve the even symmetric part of PDRE, which means a “true derotation” for eliminating the effect of both absolute and relative squints caused by the beam rotation. An even-order-multinomial perturbation function is applied and integrated into a range-Doppler-based SAR processing kernel to efficiently compensate the azimuth variation of high-order range cell migration (RCM) and azimuth phase modulation caused by the 2-D BAS. The proposed processor is efficient, since none of the data extension, the postprocessing for resolving focused-domain folding, or the 2-D frequency-domain interpolation at high squint is needed. Simulations with point targets in the squinted sliding spotlight and HRWS TOPS modes are used to validate the developed algorithm.
An <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-Soft Set Approach to Rough Sets

The philosophy of soft sets is founded on the fundamental idea of parameterization, while Pawlak's rough sets put more emphasis on the importance of granulation. As a multivalued extension of soft sets, the newly emerging concept called <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft sets can provide a finer granular structure with higher distinguishable power. This article offers a fresh insight into rough set theory from the perspective of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft sets. We reveal a close connection between <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft sets and rough structures of various types. First, we show how the corresponding structures of Pawlak's rough sets, tolerance rough sets, and multigranulation rough sets can be derived from a given <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft set. Conversely, we investigate the representation of these distinct rough structures using the corresponding notions derived from suitable <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft sets. The applicability of these theoretical results is highlighted with a case study using real data regarding hotel rating. The established two-way correspondences between <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-soft sets and diverse rough structures are constructive, which can bridge the gap between seemingly disconnected disciplines and hopefully nourish the development of both rough sets and soft sets.
Chromatic polynomials of mixed graphs

Let G = (V,A,E) be a mixed graph and co : V → {1, 2, . , λ} a function such that co is a proper colouring of the underlying graph, Und(G), and co(u) 6= co(y) when co(v) = co(x), for every pair of arcs (u, v) and (x, y). Such a function is called a proper oriented λ−colouring of G. The number of proper oriented λ−colourings of G, denoted fo(G, λ), is a polynomial in λ. We call fo(G, λ) the mixed-chromatic polynomial of G. In this thesis we will first present the basic theory of the mixed-chromatic polynomial. This theory will include computational tools and results concerning the coefficients of fo(G, λ). Next, we will consider the question of chromatic uniqueness and invariance of mixed graphs. Lastly, we reformulate a contract-delete recurrence for chromatic polynomials in order to enumerate various colourings, such as k−frugal λ−colourings.
Substrate integrated waveguide dual‐frequency dual‐sense circularly polarized cavity‐backed slot antenna

A novel design of dual‐frequency dual‐sense circularly polarized (CP) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity‐backed slot antenna is presented for dual‐band wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna consists of square SIW cavity, asymmetrical bow‐tie‐shaped cross slot and probe feed. Due to use of asymmetrical bow‐tie‐shaped cross slot, circularly polarized wave radiates at two different frequencies with opposite sense of polarizations. The RHCP radiation occurs at (10.45‐10.54) GHz (Lower band) and LHCP occurs at (11.26‐11.34) GHz (Upper band). Moreover, in each band, sense of polarization can be change by changing the feed position. The front to back radiation ratio (FTBRR) is more than 10.5 dB and cross polarization level is lower than −20 dB in both the bands.
An Arithmetic Logic Unit using Vedic Mathematics � A Review

: Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is the most crucial and core component of central processing unit which consists of many computational units like adders, multipliers, logical units, etc. Real time applications such as controlling environmental conditions demand quick response of the processor for processing the acquired signals. The vedic mathematics consists of many sutras which can be used for improving speed with reduced component requirement and also delay. It accomplishes arithmetic, logic operations on integers stored in accumulator, register array, operand register and fetch value from external memory. VLSI architecture design should meet the desired speed, power, size, etc. In this paper vedic mathematics sutra which can be used for enhancing the overall performance of the processor is discussed with a brief mention of a vedic mathematic based ALU.