Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N UPTAKE AND YIELD OF WHEAT AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED USE OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL NITROGEN

The effect of integrated use of mineral and organic N sources (farmyard manure, poultry manure, and Filter Cake) on yield and N uptake of wheat were assessed in biennial field experiment carried out on silty clay loam soil in Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab, Peshawar Pakistan during 2005-07. Combined dose of N provided from all sources was applied @120 kg ha-1. There were 17 treatments with four replications; wheat variety (Fakhre-e-Sarhad) was sown in RCB design. Data on grain yield and straw yield were recorded in wheat. Samples of grain and straw were analyzed for total N to determine its uptake by the crop. Results indicated that in treatment where organic and mineral fertilizers were applied in the ratio of 25:75 from either organic source improved grain and straw yield. Maximum grain yield of (3248 kg ha-1) and straw yield of (7154 kg ha-1) were obtained from treatment where 25% N was applied from poultry manure and 75% from mineral fertilizer and maximum straw yield was found in treatment where 25% from filter cake and 75% from mineral N. Agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also found higher in the treatment where 25% N were applied from poultry manure and 75% from mineral fertilizer. It was concluded that combination of 25:75 organic and mineral N sources are the best combination to achieve sustainable yield.
Pollen, People and Place: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Ecosystem Change at Amboseli, Kenya

This study presents a multidisciplinary perspective for understanding environmental change and emerging socio-ecological interactions across the Amboseli region of southwestern Kenya. We focus on late Holocene (<5000 cal yr. BP) changes and continuities reconstructed from sedimentary, archaeological, historical records and socio-ecological models. We utilize multi-disciplinary approaches to understand environmental-ecosystem-social interactions over the longue duree and use this to simulate different land use scenarios supporting conservation and sustainable livelihoods using a socio-ecological model. Today the semi-arid Amboseli landscape supports a large livestock and wildlife population, sustained by a wide variety of plants and extensive rangelands regulated by seasonal rainfall and human activity. Our data provide insight into how large-scale and long-term interactions of climate, people, livestock, wildlife and external connections have shaped the ecosystems across the Amboseli landscape. Environmental conditions were dry between ~5000–2000 cal yr. BP, followed by two wet periods at ~2100–1500 and 1400–800 cal yr. BP with short dry periods; the most recent centuries were characterised by variable climate with alternative dry and wet phases with high spatial heterogeneity. Most evident in palaeo and historical records is the changing woody to grass cover ratio, driven by changes in climate and fire regimes entwined with fluctuating elephant, cattle and wild ungulate populations moderated by human activity, including elephant ivory trade intensification. Archaeological perspectives on the occupation of different groups (hunter-gatherers, pastoralists and farmers) in Amboseli region and the relationships between them are discussed. An overview of the known history of humans and elephants, expanding networks of trade, and the arrival and integration of metallurgy, livestock and domesticated crops in the wider region is provided. In recent decades, increased runoff and flooding have resulted in the expansion of wetlands and a reduction of woody vegetation, compounding problems created by increased enclosure and privatisation of these landscapes. However, most of the wetlands outside of the protected area are drying up because of the intensified water extraction by the communities surrounding the National Park and on the adjacent mountains areas, who have increased in numbers, become sedentary and diversified land use around the wetlands.
The Development of Marital Tension: Implications for Divorce Among Married Couples

Marriages are often characterized by their positive and negative features in terms of whether they elicit feelings of satisfaction and happiness or conflict and negativity. Although research has examined the development of marital happiness, less is known about the development of negativity among married couples. We examined how marital tension (i.e., feelings of tension, resentment, irritation) develops within couples over time and whether marital tension has unique implications for divorce. Specifically, we examined marital tension among husbands and wives within the same couples from the first to the sixteenth year of marriage, as well as links between marital tension and divorce. Participants included 355 couples assessed in years 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 16 of marriage. Multilevel models revealed that wives reported greater marital tension than husbands. Marital tension increased over time among both husbands and wives, with a greater increase among husbands. Couples were more likely to divorce when wives reported higher marital tension, a greater increase in marital tension, and greater cumulative marital tension. Findings are consistent with the emergent distress model of marriage, but indicate that despite the greater increases in marital tension among husbands, wives’ increased marital tension over the course of marriage is more consistently associated with divorce.
El protocolo contract-net en un ambiente de aprendizaje colaborativo

EL avance de las nuevas tecnologias de comunicacion ha permitido desarrollar plataformas de ensenanza/aprendizaje cuyo diseno tiene en cuenta la posibilidad de la comunicacion, colaboracion y coordinacion entre los individuos que conforman un grupo dentro de una comunidad educativa on-line. La colaboracion entre los miembros de este tipo de entornos es de gran importancia para el logro de los objetivos propuestos. La introduccion de agentes inteligentes en un entorno colaborativo podria facilitar muchas de las tareas del grupo de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, el exito de su inclusion dependera en gran medida del modelo usado para realizar la interaccion entre los usuarios y principalmente entre los agentes que conforman el sistema. En este articulo presentamos una adaptacion del modelo de contract-net para un ambiente colaborativo inteligente. Diferentes componentes del ambiente colaborativo son visualizados desde la perspectiva del modelo de contract-net haciendo las adecuaciones respectivas. La presentacion del modelo adaptado incluye una breve discusion de los aspectos de su implementacion a traves de una plataforma de desarrollo de sistemas multi-agente conocido como JADE.
Melting of subducted basalt at the core-mantle boundary

The geological materials in Earth's lowermost mantle control the characteristics and interpretation of seismic ultra–low velocity zones at the base of the core-mantle boundary. Partial melting of the bulk lower mantle is often advocated as the cause, but this does not explain the nonubiquitous character of these regional seismic features. We explored the melting properties of mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB), which can reach the lowermost mantle after subduction of oceanic crust. At a pressure representative of the core-mantle boundary (135 gigapascals), the onset of melting occurs at ~3800 kelvin, which is ~350 kelvin below the mantle solidus. The SiO2-rich liquid generated either remains trapped in the MORB material or solidifies after reacting with the surrounding MgO-rich mantle, remixing subducted MORB with the lowermost mantle. Mid-ocean ridge basalt entrained in the lowermost mantle is consistent with seismic ultra–low velocity zones [Also see Perspective by Williams] Delving deeper into the lower mantle Earth's lower mantle is an enigmatic region, a transition zone between slowly churning solids and a liquid outer core. Large seismic structures and discontinuities in this region are probably due to sharp gradients in temperature, composition, or mineralogy. Teasing apart the precise effects of these factors requires experiments at lower mantle temperatures and pressures (see the Perspective by Williams). Zhang et al. found that the major mineral phase of the lower mantle decomposes into two minerals. Andrault et al. show how the melting of subducted basalt from the oceanic crust will form pile-like structures on top of the core/mantle boundary. Science, this issue p. 877, p. 892; see also p. 800.
Time-varying FIR equalization of doubly-selective channels

In this paper we propose a zero forcing (ZF) time-varying (TV) finite-impulse response (FIR) equalizer for doubly-selective (time- and frequency-selective) channels. We use the basis expansion model (BEM) to approximate the doubly-selective channel and to design the TV FIR equalizer. This allows us to turn a large TV problem into an equivalent small-time invariant (TIV) problem, containing only the BEM coefficients of the doubly-selective channel and the TV FIR equalizer. It is shown that a ZF TV FIR equalizer only exists if there is more than one receive antenna. The ZF TV FIR equalizer approach we propose here unifies and extends many previously proposed serial equalization approaches. Through computer simulations we show that the performance of the ZF TV FIR equalizer approaches the one of the ZF block equalizer, while the equalization as well as the design complexity is much lower.
Detection of a Tryptophan Radical as an Intermediate Species in the Reaction of Horseradish Peroxidase Mutant (Phe-221 → Trp) and Hydrogen Peroxide*

The crucial reaction intermediate in the reaction of peroxidase with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), compound I, contains a porphyrin π-cation radical in horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which catalyzes oxidation of small organic and inorganic compounds, whereas cytochromec peroxidase (CcP) has a radical center on the tryptophan residue (Trp-191) and oxidizes the redox partner, cytochromec. To investigate the roles of the amino acid residue near the heme active center in discriminating the function of the peroxidases in these two enzymes, we prepared a CcP-like HRP mutant, F221W (Phe-221 → Trp). Although the rapid spectral scanning and stopped-flow experiments confirmed that the F221W mutant reacts with H2O2 to form the porphyrin π-cation radical at the same rate as for the wild-type enzyme, the characteristic spectral features of the porphyrin π-cation radical disappeared rapidly, and were converted to the compound II-type spectrum. The EPR spectrum of the resultant species produced by reduction of the porphyrin π-cation radical, however, was quite different from that of compound II in HRP, showing typical signals from a Trp radical as found for CcP. The sequential radical formation from the porphyrin ring to the Trp residue implies that the proximal Trp is a key residue in the process of the radical transfer from the porphyrin ring, which differentiates the function of peroxidases.
ERK 7 is a negative regulator of protein secretion in response to amino acid starvation by modulating Sec 16 membrane association

Thank you for submitting your manuscript for consideration by the EMBO Journal. It has now been seen by three referees whose comments are enclosed. As you will see, the referees all express interest in the basic message of your paper, but vary widely as to their overall assessment as to potential suitability for publication in EMBOJ at this time. Referee 3 is clearly the most positive, with only relatively minor concerns to be addressed. However, referees 1 and particularly 2 both comment on the lack of mechanistic insight as to how ERK7 regulates Sec16 recruitment to tER sites. Currently, you are unable to draw any conclusions as to whether this regulation is direct or indirect. If the regulation is direct i.e. ERK7 phosphorylates Sec16, then this should be testable. If the regulation is indirect, then I realise that it is much less straightforward to uncover the pathway, but referee 1 does suggest a number of possible experiments to help address this question.
Excessive plasma dopamine increase at rest and during exercise after long-term beta-adrenoreceptor blockade in hypertensive patients.

SUMMARY The effect of four weeks and 15 months of treatment with the cardioselective beta-receptor antagonist metoprolol on blood pressures, plasma noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine at rest, during submaximal steady state and near maximal exercise, as well as five minutes after exercise, was studied in seven moderately hypertensive men aged 25 to 51 years. Four weeks of treatment resulted in significantly lower heart rates and blood pressures at rest, during, and after exercise; no further significant changes were observed after 15 months of continuous. treatment. The exercise-induced increase in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline tended to be more pronounced after treatment with metoprolol with virtually identical values after both four weeks and 15 months. Plasma dopamine was much less affected by exercise and showed only a weak tendency towards higher values during work. While no significant changes were observed after four weeks of treatment, there was a significant 10 to 12 fold increase of dopamine over the control values after 15 months of treatment. At rest plasma dopamine was five and 10 times higher than corresponding noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. The excessive rise of dopamine might have clinical implications: because of the cardiovascular and renal actions of dopamine, high levels should tend towards dampening the negative inotropic effect of beta-receptor blockade and might thus contribute to the increase of cardiac output and decrease of peripheral vascular resistance usually seen with beta-receptor antagonists after long-term treatment compared with acute or short-term administration. Antihypertensive
Ontologia, Internet das Coisas e Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM): Estudo Exploratório e a Inter-relação entre as Tecnologias(Ontology, Internet of Things, and Building Information Modeling (BIM): An Exploratory Study and the Interrelations Between Technologies)

This article analyzes the scientific production that approaches the link between Ontologies, Internet of Things (IoT) and BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology in civil construction. It seeks to define the relationship between these fields, which, at present, are not well connected. The study has an exploratory character with the aim to provide familiarity with the themes. A non-exhaustive literature review was carried out with the search of publications in the bases of the CAPES portal. The research on the CAPES portal presents the term "ontolog*" in 402,047 papers, confirming the maturity and interest of the topic; "Internet of Things" in 16,023 and "Building Information Modeling" in 4,878. The combination of the three in one paper that presents the use of intelligent sensors, system integration, user engagement, data management, and the convergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) as an opportunity to transcend operational barriers by interoperability between systems. The present research presents a starting point for the application of the ontology in Internet of things for the constructive process. It presents as a proposal to consider a building through 3D simulation using the information modeling (BIM) on all its components, organized in a structured (ontology) and dynamically monitored (IoT). Resumo. Este artigo analisa a produção científica que aborda a associação entre Ontologias, Internet das Coisas (IoT) e a tecnologia BIM (Building Information Modeling) na construção civil. Busca-se definir o relacionamento entre essas áreas, as quais, no momento, não parecem adequadamente conectadas. O estudo tem um caráter exploratório, com objetivo de proporcionar maior familiaridade com os temas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura não exaustiva através da pesquisa de publicações nas bases do portal CAPES, em maio de 2017. A pesquisa no portal da CAPES apresenta o termo “ontolog*” em 402.047 trabalhos, confirmando a maturidade e interesse do tema; "Internet of Things" em 16.023 e “Building Information Modeling” em 4.878. A combinação dos três está presente em um trabalho que apresenta o uso de sensores inteligentes, a integração entre sistemas, a participação dos usuários, o gerenciamento de dados e a convergência da modelagem de informações da construção (BIM) como uma oportunidade para transcender as barreiras operacionais por meio da interoperabilidade entre sistemas. A presente pesquisa apresenta um ponto de partida para aplicação da ontologia com Internet das coisas para o processo construtivo. Apresenta como proposta considerar uma edificação, simuladas tridimensionalmente com a modelagem de informação (BIM) sobre todos os seus componentes, organizada de forma estruturada (ontologia) e monitorada de forma dinâmica (IoT).
Erythrocyte N-3 Is Inversely Correlated with Serious Psychological Distress among the Inuit: Data from the Nunavik Health Survey

Objective: A decrease in omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and an increase in omega-6 (n-6) linoleic acid in the diet have been suggested as contributing factors in the pathogenesis of depression. The present study examined the relationship between red blood cell (RBC) n-3 and n-6 and serious psychological distress (SPD). Methods: The authors analyzed data on 746 Inuit adults who took part in the 2004 Nunavik Inuit Health Survey. Fatty acids were quantified in RBC membranes. Psychological distress was measured by the Kessler 6-Item Scale (K6), a brief screening instrument for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) mood disorders in the past 30 days. A score ≥13 on the K6 has been established as a threshold to differentiate cases of SPD from noncases. Statistical Analysis: The risk of SPD according to RBC n-3 and n-6 was assessed by logistic regression analysis. Weighted estimates were calculated by the SUDAAN statistical package to account for the complex survey design. Results: The 30-day prevalence rate of SPD was 12.4%. In SPD cases, mean n-3 LC-PUFAs were lower (7.81% ± 0.24% [SEM] vs. 9.24% ± 0.12%, p < 0.0001) and mean total n-6 was higher (27.3% ± 0.36% vs. 25.9% ± 0.15%, p = 0.0003) than in noncases. For each 1% increase in RBC n-3 LC-PUFA, the odds ratio for SPD was 0.90 (95% confidence interval: 0.83, 0.99; p = 0.0248). However, neither individual n-6 FAs nor total n-6 was significantly associated (p ≥ 0.05) with SPD in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In this study, the authors observed that n-3 LC-PUFAs in RBCs were inversely associated with SPD. The study's cross-sectional design implies that one cannot ascertain any causal relationship. The findings suggest that n-3 LC-PUFA consumption from the traditional Inuit diet deserves prospective analyses.
Visualization approaches integrating real-time market data

Power system visualization is becoming an increasingly important topic, especially as it relates to showing real-time data about the power market to those who need that data to support market decisions. There is a wide tool set of visualizations available to the visualization designers, and tool used is highly dependent on the application desired. This paper explores the various types of power system visualizations, and describes several tools available to the visualization designer that may be used to get the data to those who need it in a meaningful and constructive way. Recommendations and design tips are given on when and how to use the various available tools.
Etude fonctionnelle de l'induction neurale chez le céphalochordé Branchiostoma lanceolatum

L’induction neurale est le processus au travers duquel les cellules ectodermiques de l’embryon deviennent neurales. De nombreuses etudes sur les mecanismes controlant ce processus on ete realisees mais du fait de sa complexite, de nombreuses questions restent sans reponse. Au cours de ce travail de these, je me suis interesse a l’etude de l’induction neurale sous une perspective evolutive en etudiant ce processus chez le cephalocorde amphioxus, l’un des plus proches parents des vertebres. J’ai pu mettre en evidence que, comme les vertebres, l’amphioxus possede un organisateur. J’ai egalement confirme une conservation du role des voies de signalisation BMP et FGF respectivement dans l’induction de l’epiderme et la regionalisation du tissu neural. Cependant, au contraire des vertebres, le signal FGF ne semble pas etre un acteur preponderant de l’induction neurale. Au contraire, un role important de la voie de signalisation Activine/Nodal a ete mis en evidence.Les resultats obtenus soutiennent d’une part la conservation de certains aspects de ce mecanisme chez tous les chordes, et suggerent d’autre part l’implication de certains acteurs comme la voie Activine/Nodal jusque la inconnue chez les vertebres. La position phylogenetique de l’amphioxus et la conservation globale de ce processus entre les cephalochordes et les vertebres nous permettent de suggerer que l’ancetre des chordes formait du tissue neurale au travers des mecanismes mis en evidence dans cet etude. Ces resultats nous permettent egalement de proposer de nouvelles etudes chez les vertebres visant a etablir un role putatif de la voie Activine/Nodal au cours de ce processus, role jusque la completement inconnu.
Monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis and treatment.

The ability to produce monoclonal antibodies of defined antigenic specificity in unlimited quantities represents a milestone in immunological research. Conventional polyclonal antisera are produced by repeated immunisation of animals such as rabbits, sheep, or goats. These antisera contain mixtures of antibodies with differing specificities, and to obtain antisera of a defined antigenic specificity several absorption steps are usually necessary. In 1975 Kohler and Milstein' fused primed B cells from immunised mice with an immortal myeloma cell line of the same species, and after selective cloning produced monoclonal antibodies to that antigen in unlimited quantities. The myeloma cell line was originally grown in selective media so that the cells became deficient in the purine enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTthe enzyme deficiency of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome). 2 These lines, if grown in media containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine, will not survive but if the enzyme is supplied by the fused normal B cell partner, then the fused cells have a selective advantage. Theoretically any antigen of interest can be used for immunisation and, in fact, monoclonal antibodies to cell surface glycoproteins, enzymes, drugs, bacterial cell surfaces, and virus components have all been raised. These monoclonal antibodies have made an enormous impact on research and diagnosis in all aspects of laboratory medicine and hold considerable therapeutic potential.
MicroRNA-146a acts as a guardian of the quality and longevity of hematopoietic stem cells in mice

During inflammation and infection, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are stimulated to proliferate and differentiate into mature immune cells, especially of the myeloid lineage. MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) is a critical negative regulator of inflammation. Deletion of miR-146a produces effects that appear as dysregulated inflammatory hematopoiesis, leading to a decline in the number and quality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), excessive myeloproliferation, and, ultimately, to HSC exhaustion and hematopoietic neoplasms. At the cellular level, the defects are attributable to both an intrinsic problem in the miR-146a–deficient HSCs and extrinsic effects of lymphocytes and nonhematopoietic cells. At the molecular level, this involves a molecular axis consisting of miR-146a, signaling protein TRAF6, transcriptional factor NF-κB, and cytokine IL-6. This study has identified miR-146a to be a critical regulator of HSC homeostasis during chronic inflammation in mice and provided a molecular connection between chronic inflammation and the development of bone marrow failure and myeloproliferative neoplasms. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.00537. 001