Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sobol ′ ’ s sensitivity analysis for TOPMODEL hydrological model : A case study for the Biliu River Basin , China

For an in-depth understanding of TOPMODEL performance and influences of TOPMODEL parameters on flood simulation, the global sensitivity analysis methodology, Sobol′’s method, is used in this paper to assess TOPMODEL parameter sensitivity in terms of individual parameter, interaction of parameters and combination of parameters using four flood prediction matrices. The results show that all the TOPMODEL parameters have little influences individually on Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Relative Error of Runoff Amount (RERA) and Relative Error of Peak Flow (REPF). However, the effective lateral saturated transmissivity has a noticeable influence on Peak Flow Time Error (PFTE). The combinations of parameters, form of exponential decline in conductivity and unsaturated zone time delay have notable influences on NSE, RERA and REPF. The combination of parameters, form of exponential decline in conductivity and effective lateral saturated transmissivity has remarkable influences on PFTE. These findings are important and will assist in understanding the performance of TOPMODEL and its calibration for flood prediction.
Experimental thorax prototype for multistage pneumothorax diagnosis

Experimental thorax prototype for multistage pneumothorax diagnosis Maria Christopoulou, Myles Capstick , Bruno Reumer, Stavros Koulouridis & Niels Kuster 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece IT'IS , Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society, Zurich, Switzerland SPEAG, Schmid & Partner Engineering AG, Zurich, Switzerland ETH , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
Technology Implementation and Learning Strategy : Case Study on Ramp-up Process of Hyundai Steel ’ s Blast Furnaces

Implementing new technology involves a significant learning dimension for recipient firm. In this paper, we elaborate on how the recipient firm acquires and deploys knowledge of new technology for rapid ramp-up. We conceptualize learning process by two processes, ‘learning-before-using’ and ‘learning-by-using’. The term ‘using’ is used to indicate the point of recipient’s commercialization of technology. And the relationship between those learning modes is explained through the case study of steel making, especially blast furnace technology implementation in Hyundai Steel Company of South Korea who imported those technologies from Germany and Japan. By focusing on the relations between learning modes and learning strategies, Hyundai Steel’s unprecedented rapid ramp-up of blast furnace business was able to be analyzed more clearly.
1 WHERE WE ARE : OVERVIEW AND DEFINITIONS

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The term “autism”, which was coined by Bleuler to characterize the negative symptoms and social alienation of individuals suffering from schizophrenia, was borrowed by both Kanner (Kanner 1943) and Asperger (Frith 1991) when they independently and almost simultaneously in 1943–44 described developmentally disabled children whose profound deficit in the ability to relate to others marked them as unique. It took close to 40 years for autism to be listed as such in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The 3rd edition of the DSM (DSM-III; APA 1980) introduced the term “pervasive developmental disorder” to refer to a group of behaviorally defined developmental disorders that share symptomatology with classic autism as described by Kanner, which is labeled “autistic disorder” in both the DSM and the International Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders (ICD-10; WHO 1992). Over the next quarter century an exponential number of studies were carried out to refine the description of the behaviors that characterize affected individuals and, more recently, to investigate the causes (etiologies) of autism and the neurologic pathophysiology of its many behavioral manifestations.
Beyond Technology EFFICIENCY , AESTHETICS , AND EMBODIED EXPERIENCE

ACADIA 2007 The spaces we live in are increasingly entwined in a complex weave of architecture and technology. With the evolution of intelligent devices that work in the background, design of place will eventually be a seamless integration of not just effi cient but also experiential and virtual technologies. This signals a paradigm shift because “smart” architecture affords users a new interaction with architecture. In spite of such promises, we have seen interactive architecture ideas and “smart” environments only within laboratory walls or in the form of simplistic implementations. Perhaps the reason is simple. Rachael McCann asks if the integration of technology within the context of an increasingly information-driven modern era has abandoned the body in favor of the mind (McCann 2006). If we acknowledge that “smart” computing has the opportunity to transcend an effi cient backbone to generator of experiences, perhaps we, as designers, must reconsider our position and strategy in this modern world. This paper is designed as a critical essay—one which evaluates interactive architecture and “smart” environments within the context of today’s socio-cultural climate. The paper hopes to open a discussion about the role of computing as architecture and the role of the architect in the design of such architecture. Beyond Technology
Ontology Construction from Text : Challenges and Trends

Ontology is one of the most popular representation model used for knowledge representation, sharing and reusing. In light of the importance of ontology, different methodologies for building ontologies have been proposed. Ontology construction is a difficult and time-consuming process. Many efforts have been made to help ontology engineers to construct ontologies and to overcome the bottleneck of knowledge acquisition. The aim of this paper is to give a brief overview of ontology learning approaches and to review some of ontology extraction systems and tools followed by a summarizing comparison of them. Also some of the current issues and main trends of ontology construction from texts will be discussed.
The effect of anneal, solar irradiation and humidity on the adhesion/cohesion properties of P3HT:PCBM based inverted polymer solar cells

We use a thin-film adhesion technique that enables us to precisely measure the energy required to separate adjacent layers in OPV cells. We demonstrate the presence of weak interfaces in prototypical inverted polymer solar cells, either prepared by spin, spray or slot-die coating, including flexible and non flexible solar cells. In all cases, we observed adhesive failure at P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS interface, indicating the intrinsic material dependence of this mechanism. The impact of temperature, solar irradiation and humidity on the adhesion and cohesion properties of this particular interface is discussed. First, we have found that post-deposition annealing increases the adhesion significantly. Annealing changes the morphology in the photoactive layer and consequently alters the chemical properties at the interface. Second, solar irradiation on fully encapsulated solar cells has no damaging but in contrast an enhancing effect on the adhesion properties, due to the heat generated from IR radiation. Finally, the synergetic effect of stress and an environmental species like moisture greatly accelerates the decohesion rate in the weak hygroscopic PEDOT:PSS layer. This results in a loss of mechanical integrity and device performance. The insight into the mechanisms of delamination and decohesion yields general guidelines for the design of more reliable organic electronic devices.
EVALUATION OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PATTERN OF THYROID LESIONS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Background: The thyroid hormones control the metabolism of macromolecules, oxygen consumption and the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of body cells and are essential for healthy growth and maturation of the body as well as they are essential for proper development of the peripheral and central nervous system. Material & Methods: In the present cross-sectional prospective study 100 biopsies specimen were fixed in formalin and then embedded in paraffin, and after that, the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stains like Periodic acid Schiff, Congo Red, and reticulin, were used whenever and as needed. Results: Multinodular goiter was the most common non-neoplastic thyroid lesion (54%) which is followed by thyroiditis. There were only three patients of toxic goiter among all the thyroid specimens received and examined. There were 17% of specimens diagnosed as carcinomas. Papillary carcinoma was found the most common malignancy, out of which half of the specimens were of the micropapillary subtype. One of the thyroid lesion specimens showed two different primary malignancies (papillary microcarcinoma and follicular carcinoma). Conclusion: Most common type of lesion was non-neoplastic and among this most common type was multinodular goiter and among the neoplastic lesions and the most common type was papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.
The electroneutral Na+:HCO3− cotransporter NBCn1 is a major pHi regulator in murine duodenum

• The mucosa of the proximal duodenum is regularly exposed to the strong acid of gastric juice, and acid damage causes peptic ulceration and bleeding. • The epithelial cells of the duodenum protect themselves against acid‐induced chemical damage by secreting bicarbonate into the lumen and by regulating their intracellular pH, but the molecular mechanisms of duodenal pHi control are incompletely understood. • We have found a high expression of the electroneutral sodium bicarbonate transporter Slc4a7 (NBCn1) in the basolateral membrane of duodenal villous enterocytes. • Genetic knockout of Slc4a7 resulted in a strong defect in duodenocyte pHi recovery from acid loads, and reduced bicarbonate secretory rates. • This suggests that the electroneutral sodium bicarbonate cotransporter Slc4a7 is a major import mechanism for HCO3− from the blood into the duodenal epithelial cells. Defects in this transporter may severely endanger duodenal mucosal integrity
Normal-mode excitation from stellar collapse to a black hole: Odd-parity perturbations.

Odd-parity perturbations of stellar models are studied numerically, with an emphasis on the gravitational radiation produced during collapse to a black hole. The stellar models are produced by a May-White stellar collapse code using a polytropic equation of state. A wide range of collapse models are studied, ranging from stars without presure (dust collapse) to stars which collapse and then bounce at radii near the Schwarzschild radius. For all collapse models studied, the quasinormal modes (QNM's) of the black hole are excited to varying degrees after an initial, non-QNM transient wave form. Models with greater pressure collapse more slowly and generally emit a lower-amplitude ringing radiation. Furthermore, models with greater pressure are generally found to radiate less of their total gravitational energy from the normal-mode excitation than models with less pressure
Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline Ceria Modified with Zirconia

1.1. Prologue 1.2. Metal Oxides as Heterogeneous Catalysts 1.3. Rare Earth Oxides 1.4. Cerium Dioxide (CeO2): Structure and Properties 1.5. Modification of CeO2 1.6. Ceria-Zirconia Mixed Oxides 1.7. Synthetic Approaches to Ceria Based Materials 1.8. Mesoporous Solids 1.9. Ceria-Zirconia as Support 1.10. Preparation Method for Supported Catalysts 1.11. Significance of Metals Selected 1.12. Applications of Ceria based Materials 1.13. Reactions Selected for Present Study 1.14. Aim and Scope of the Thesis 1.15. Objectives of the Present Work References
Title The prognostic significance of PD-L 1 in bladder cancer

Immunotherapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of various types of cancer. An antibody that targets programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway has been shown to be active towards various types of cancer, including melanoma and lung cancer. MPDL3280A, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, has shown clear clinical activity in PD-L1-overexpressing bladder cancer with an objective response rate of 40-50%, resulting in a breakthrough therapy designation granted by FDA. These events pronounce the importance of targeting the PD-L1 pathway in the treatment of bladder cancer. In the present study, we investigated the prognostic significance of the expression of three genes in the PD-L1 pathway, including PD-L1, B7.1 and PD-1, in three independent bladder cancer datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. PD-L1, B7.1 and PD-1 were significantly associated with clinicopathological parameters indicative of a more aggressive phenotype of bladder cancer, such as a more advanced stage and a higher tumor grade. In addition, a high level expression of PD-L1 was associated with reduced patient survival. Of note, the combination of PD-L1 and B7.1 expression, but not other combinations of the three genes, were also able to predict patient survival. Our findings support the development of anti-PD-L1, which blocks PD-L1-PD-1 and B7.1-PD-L1 interactions, in treatment of bladder cancer. The observations were consistent in the three independent bladder cancer datasets consisting of a total of 695 human bladder specimens. The datasets were then assessed and it was found that the expression levels of the chemokine CC-motif ligand (CCL), CCL3, CCL8 and CCL18, were correlated with the PD-L1 expression level, while ADAMTS13 was differentially expressed in patients with a different survival status (alive or deceased). Additional investigations are required to elucidate the role of these genes in the PD-L1-mediated immune system suppression and bladder cancer progression. In conclusion, findings of this study suggested that PD-L1 is an important prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Single-agent rituximab as first-line and maintenance treatment for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma: a phase II trial of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network.

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and toxicity of first-line single-agent rituximab, followed by re-treatment with rituximab at 6-month intervals, in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-four previously untreated patients with CLL/SLL received rituximab 375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. All patients were required to have one or more indications for treatment. Patients with objective response or stable disease continued to receive identical 4-week rituximab courses at 6-month intervals, for a total of four courses. RESULTS The objective response rate after the first course of rituximab was 51% (4% complete responses). Twenty-eight patients received one or more additional courses of rituximab. At present, the overall response rate is 58%, with 9% complete responses. After a median follow-up of 20 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 18.6 months, and the 1- and 2-year PFS rates were 62% and 49%, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated, with only two episodes of grade 3 to 4 infusion-related toxicity. No cumulative toxicity or opportunistic infections occurred. CONCLUSION Single-agent rituximab, used at a standard dose and schedule, is active in the first-line treatment of patients with CLL/SLL, producing substantially higher response rates than previously reported in relapsed or refractory patients (51% v 13%, respectively). Re-treatment with rituximab at 6-month intervals is well tolerated. The PFS time of 18.6 months in patients with CLL/SLL seems shorter than the 36- to 40-month median PFSs previously reported with first-line plus maintenance rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma. Additional follow-up is required to fully assess the impact of this treatment strategy.
In the Trenches with ObjectStore

This article discusses our experience with the ObjectStore object-oriented database management system from Object Design, Inc. We have been using ObjectStore since 1992 as the database management system at the core of two significant projects. This is a “war story” of sorts, and while we have been winning the war and succeeding with ObjectStore, the battles have not been easy. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Typed Abstractions for Client-service Interactions in OSGi

The Open Services Gateway initiative (OSGi) is a successful attempt to bridge the gap between Java and Service Oriented Computing. OSGi provides an LDAP-based query language for fine-tuning service retrieval and offers an eventing mechanism that signals changes to a service’s lifecyle to all clients depending on that service. Nonetheless, a number of challenges remain unsolved. OSGi’s service query language, for instance, bypasses important compile-time guarantees on the syntactical correctness of queries and the language works only for properties that never change during the lifetime of a service. What programmers need, however, is a statically type-checked, robust query language that takes into account dynamically evolving, volatile service characteristics. A second problem is that the lifecycle management system requires programmers to write a considerable amount of boilerplate logic for reacting to service events. This obfuscates the business logic, which in turn decreases code comprehension and increases the odds for introducings bugs when implementing client-service interactions. This paper evaluates OSGi as a platform for programming client-service interactions in Java. After focusing on a number of shortcomings of OSGi’s integrated service query language and its lifecycle management system, we propose a solution based on a programming language extension. After the conceptual definition of these new language concepts, we show how they can be transformed to regular Java code without losing interoperability with the OSGi standard.
Aided Cognition and Creativity : a Three Year Monitoring Exercise Raid

This paper tracked the progress of 24 students who were ‘intensive’ users of CAD and 26 ‘occasional’ CAD users over a 3 year period. At the end of each year, student attitudes toward creativity dimensions were monitored, using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The collected data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The statistical tests displayed a significant difference between both groups in terms of ideation fluency and ideation flexibility (P<0.05). Within the intensive CAD group the tests also yielded significant differences between years (P<0.05). Ideation fluency correlated positively with years of study and was influenced by CAD and design maturity both as a ‘main effect’ and as an ‘interaction’. The cognitive preference for complexity as a design trait in the intensive group also correlated with the increased complexity of the digital tools used; preference for low complexity correlated with the use of direct CAD tools whereas higher levels of complexity correlated with the deployment of parametric and generative tools.
Faster Bootstrapping of FHE over the integers with large prime message space

Bootstrapping of FHE over the integer with large message is a open problem, which is to evaluate double modulo (c mod p) mod Q arithmetic homomorphically for large Q. In this paper, we express this double modulo reduction circuit as a arithmetic circuit of degree at most θ log θ/2, with O(θ log θ) multiplication gates, where θ = λ log λ and λ is the security parameter. The complexity of decryption circuit is independent of the message space size Q with a constraint Q > θ log θ/2.
Quality Metrics for Color Images

In this paper, image quality assessment and comparison are provided. The goal of this study is to assess image without the association of human viewers. The image quality weights the received image distortion compare to the original image. Four metrics are explained and assessed in the experimental results. They are color mean squared error (CMSE), color peak signal to noise ratio (CPSNR), spatial-CIELAB (SCIELAB), and feature SIMilarity (FSIM). Simulation results show restored images obtained by different factor values. The results are shown in several metrics, numerical results in terms of CMSE, CPSNR, S-CIELAB, FSIM, visual results in terms of FSIM map.
Changes in Phrasing in Semi-spontaneous Emotional Speech : Articulatory Evidences

In the words of Rousey (1974), “_ . speech is seen as a primary indicator of one's emotional life and only secondarily reveals a person' s cognitive life” (Referenced from Diedrich, l982). The effects of emotion on speech include changes in temporal organization, overall intensity, stationary and dynamic characteristics of articulation or formants, and voice quality, including FO and voice source spectral envelope (Mitchell et al., 2000; Fant, 2000; Laver, 1994; Levelt, 1989; Williams and Stevens, 1972). Irr itated speech in particular was demonstrated by Soberer ( l986) to show decreased pitch range, decreased pitch variability, increased Fl , decreased F2, and increased intensity. The current paper addresses changes that occur in the rhythmic organization and phrasing of an utterance due to emotion (irr itated), along with emphasis in conjunction with repeated error corrections, in dialogue exchanges between an experimenter and a subject (Erickson et a , l998). The underlying theoretical framework for the data analysis is the Converter/Distributor Model (C/D Model) (Fujimura, l992; Fujimura, l994; Fujimura, 2000). According to the C/D model, the rhythmic organization of an utterance can be represented as a series of abstract syllable and boundary pulses. Syllable pulses vary in magnitude according to the abstract prosodic strength of each syllable. In other words, the syllable magnitude is an abstract representation of syllable stress. The syllable-boundary pulse train is assumed to represent a phonetic metrical grid with timing for the occurrence of each syllable. The observed articulatory movement, in particular, jaw opening for syllables containing a fixed low vowel as their common nucleus, seems to reveal the rhyth-
Lateral Intracanalicular Growth of Vestibular Schwannomas and Surgical Planning

Objective: To assess the lateral growth pattern in adult patients with growing sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VSs) and to decide if repeat imaging is always necessary immediately preoperatively when determining the route of access for microsurgical excision. Patients: Adults identified as having VS growth from serial scanning (3 scans per patient) between 1994 and 2007 in a single referral center. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 patients and those with tumor growth already to the fundus of the internal auditory canal were excluded. Intervention: Retrospective review of serial imaging. Main Outcome Measures: Lateral growth (in millimeters) in the internal auditory canal. Results: Thirty subjects were identified who had continued serial imaging after documented growth, of whom 26 (87%) showed no lateral growth and 4 (13%) showed growth of 1 mm. This was determined over a median time period of 26 months (interquartile range, 20-36.5 mo). The time frame between the second and third scans looked at the period of continued observation in this group of subjects in whom known previous tumor growth had occurred, which was 13 months (interquartile range, 9.25-16.75 mo), and this is the most reliable time frame upon which a practice-changing decision regarding repeat scanning can be made from these data. Conclusion: Sporadic VSs that are documented to be growing on serial imaging do not seem to grow to any significant degree in a lateral direction within the internal auditory canal. The results imply that scans performed within a year of any surgical intervention need not be repeated to assess concerns of any further lateral growth while accepting that repeat imaging may be required for other clinical reasons.