Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria improve the growth performance and blood parameters and reduce Salmonella infection in broilers

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the potentials and effects of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotics on broiler growth, health, and Salmonella infection. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the inoculum size applicable for broilers, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed fresh cultures of single strains and a B. subtilis KKU213/Pediococcus pentosaceus NP6 mixture at 108 and 1012 colony-forming unit (CFUs)/mL/chick. The body weight gain (BWG), Salmonella contamination level and total Bacillus and LAB abundances in the crop and intestine were measured. Subsequently, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed of KKU213, CH403, and Pediococcus acidilactici SH8 at 1010 CFUs/mL, followed by inulin. After 35 days, the BWG, Bacillus and LAB abundances in the cecum, blood parameters, and KKU213 colonization were assessed. Results: The broilers fed single strains or KKU213+NP6 exhibited a higher BWG and a higher crop LAB abundance than the controls (p<0.05). Probiotic feeding decreased the intestinal Salmonella abundance and correspondingly increased the LAB abundance. The broilers fed the mixed culture (KKU213+CH403+SH8) followed by prebiotics showed lower mortality, higher blood high-density lipoprotein levels, and lower blood uric acid levels than the controls (p<0.0004). Probiotic feeding significantly increased the Bacillus and LAB counts (p<0.05). A CE330 isolate obtained from the cecum after 35 days of KKU213 feeding was closely related to B. subtilis KKU213. Conclusion: B. subtilis KKU213 is a potent probiotic strain that can survive, colonize and reduce Salmonella infection in broilers and improve their growth and health. This strain, combined with different LAB can act synergistically in the gut and promote broiler growth.
Relationships between structure and binding affinity of humic substances for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: relevance of molecular descriptors

Partition coefficients for the binding affinities of pyrene, fluoranthene, and anthracene to 26 different humic materials were determined by fluorescence quenching. Sources included isolated humic acids, fulvic acids, and combined humic and fulvic fractions from soil, peat, and freshwater as well as Aldrich humic acid. Each of the humic materials was characterized by elemental composition, ultraviolet absorbance at 280 nm, molecular weight, and for 19 samples, composition of main structural fragments determined by 13C solution-state NMR. The magnitude of the Koc values correlated strongly with the independent descriptors of aromaticity of humic materials, including atomic H/C ratio, absorptivity at 280 nm, and three interdependent 13C NMR descriptors (CAr-H,R, ΣCAr, ΣCAr/ΣCAlk). Statistical comparison of humic sources grouped by the origin revealed that binding affinities were best predicted by the 13C NMR descriptors, with a slight prevalence of ΣCAr/ΣCAlk ratio, while molecular weight was the poorest pr.
A Novel Methodology for Authentication and Car Security Using Image Processing

: In the modern world the roadway communication has become the major part in the transportation. In these days usage of car transportation has become high and also the car theft and the drivers without license has become the major concern in our country. In the statistics 2017, motor vehicle theft rate for India was 13 cases per 100,000 population. Motor vehicle theft rate of India increased from 7.2 cases per 100,000 population in 2004 to 17 cases per 100,000 population in 2017 growing at an average annual rate of 6.95 %. And in addition to that rate of drivers driving the car without license results in the deaths of the innocent people. Out of the 5 lakh odd accidents across the country, close to 4 lakh of them involved people with a regular license while the rest involved those with a learner’s license or without a license. In other words, 1 out of every 5 accidents involved those without a regular license. Out of the accidents that involved persons without a license, 25% occurred in Madhya Pradesh and 17% in Uttar Pradesh. So, the government has no advanced technique to stop the car theft and the drivers without the license which was going to overcome by our proposed project.
The Evolution of Social Capital in Colombia, 1997-2005: Social Capital, Institutional Trust and Control, and Social Validation of Information

The BARCAS, an instrument designed to measure social capital in Colombia produced three factors in its second application: Social Capital (SK), Indirect Control and Trust of Government (Intricate), and Faith in Un-validated sources of Information (Fusi). The ten dimensions measured allowed to determine which ones contributed to the 106% increase in SK, the 100% decrease in Intricate, and the undesirable 133% growth of Fusi. SK growth was due to the increase in the Mutuality and Solidarity and Political Participation dimensions. Intricate fell on account of a loss in Institutional Trust, although this was compensated by the increase of the Social Control dimension. The Fusi increase was related to the rise in the Information and Transparency and Civic Republicanism dimensions, and pointed that the notion of citizens responsible for the public sphere became a civic myth only counteracted by political and civic participation. The latter fell dramatically, even when compared internationally, decreasing Fusi and preventing Social K from reaching a 143% increase. The results are discussed and its causes analyzed in regard to the largest cities in the country, where in several cases Fusi fell in a process akin to cognitive mobilization. keywords: social capital, Colombia, cognitive mobilization, World Values Survey, civil society, political participation.
Modeling effectiveness and identification of multi-scale objects in farmland soils with improved Yee-FDTD methods

The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) is the most popular time-domain approach in computational electromagnetics. Due to the Courant-Friedrich-Levy (CFL) condition and the perfect match layer (PML) boundary precision, FDTD cannot simulate soil medium which its surface connected by multiple straight lines or curves (multi-scale) accurately and efficiently, it limits greatly the application of the FDTD method to simulate buried objects in soils. Firstly, this study proposed the absorption boundary and used two typical perfect matching layers (UPML and CPML) to compare their absorption effects, then using the three forms of improved Yee-FDTD algorithm, alternating-direction implicit (ADI-FDTD), unconditionally stable (US-FDTD) and hybrid implicit explicit finite time-domain (HIE-FDTD) to divide and contrast the boundary model effect. It showed the HIE-FDTD was suitable for inversion of multi-scale structure object modeling, while ADI-FDTD and US-FDTD were ideal for single-boundary objects in both uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UMPL) and convolution perfectly matched layer (CPML) finite element space. Finally, all the models were tested by computer performance for its simulated efficiency. When simulated single boundary objects, UPML-US-FDTD and ADI-FDTD can achieve the ideal results, and in the boundary inversion of multi-scale objects, HIE-FDTD Modeling results and efficiency were best. Test modeling speeds of CPML-HIE-FDTD by three sources which were the Ricker, Blackman-Harris and Gaussian impulses. Finally, under the computer condition in which the CPU was i5-8250, the HIE-FDTD model still had better performance than the traditional Yee-FDTD forward modeling algorithm. For modeling multi-scale objects in farmland soils, the methods used CPML combine with the HIE-FDTD were the most efficient and accurate ways. This study can solve the problem that traditional FDTD algorithm cannot construct non-mesh objects by utilizing the diversity characteristics of Yee cell elements. Keywords: Yee-FDTD, multi-scale objects, modeling effectiveness, Ground Penetrating Radar, farmland soils DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe. 20201306.5443 Citation: Li Y H, Zhao Z X, Qiu Z, Luo Y F, Zhu Y C. Modeling effectiveness and identification of multi-scale objects in farmland soils with improved Yee-FDTD methods. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(6): 150–158.
Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

The entrepreneurship is an important aspect of the reform of higher education, it’s can help students to cultivate and enhance their employability and entrepreneurship, to promote our country’s economic development and to ease the employment pressure. The key of entrepreneurship education taking cultivation of enterprising spirit as the core lies in developing the thinking and behavior mode demanded by enterprising. Int his paper takes British entrepreneurship education as the research object, and compares law, literature analysis and case analysis as the main research methods, adopting the mode of practice in enterprising, cultivating basic qualities demanded by enterprising of opportunity identification thinking, planning thinking, balling abilities and execution abilities by enterprising simulation courses, and the eventual goal is to enhance the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education.
GOVERNMENT AND OPPOSITION WORKSHOP

In the past two decades, Africa has witnessed systemic shifts in state-society relations as a result of what Samuel P. Huntington described as the third wave of democratization[1]. The collapse of the Berlin wall in 1989, the demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War transformed the international landscape. World powers began to reshape their approaches to international relations and to place a higher premium on support for democracy and good governance. The global winds of change from the outside coincided with the collapse of the state in many African countries, epitomized by the failures of one party states and military rule. Across the continent, the most significant events of that moment include the independence of Namibia in 1989, the holding of national conferences in Benin and other francophone African countries beginning in 1991, and the end of apartheid in South Africa in 1992. [2]
THERMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF LEG 126 INTERSTITIAL WATERS

The Ocean Drilling Program Leg 126 sites may be classified into two categories depending on the presence (Group I: Sites 787, 792, and 793) or absence (Group II: Sites 788, 790, and 791) of steep concentration gradients. Shipboard X-ray diffraction analyses of bulk sediments from Group I sites revealed the presence of a number of diagenetic minerals (some of which are incompatible), but no systematic diagenetic zonation. The results of the chemical analyses of the pore waters from Group I have been used to estimate the activities of dissolved species. Thermodynamic analyses of the composition of the pore waters and the stability of authigenic minerals (gypsum, zeolites, feldspars, smectites, chlorites, and micas) show that the pore waters are close to equilibrium with most of the observed phases. Thus, only a small perturbation of the system (substitution in minerals and fluctuations in pore-water composition, in particular, in pH and SiO2 activity) will cause any of these phases to precipitate. Therefore, one would not expect mineralogical observations to show systematic vertical zonations at these sites. It is suggested that chlorites and high-temperature zeolites are not diagenetic sensu stricto, but were eroded from volcaniclastic highs. The absence of concentration gradients at the Group II sites has been analyzed in terms of reaction kinetics, hydrothermal advection, and temperature distribution. The absence of diagenetic imprints on the pore-water concentration profiles at these sites is probably caused by the slow nucleation of silica phases.
DC-DC converter Topologies for LED Driver Circuit: A Review

It has been noticed that in commercial lighting, in terms of efficiency light-lamps based on lightemitting diodes(LEDs) are far better as compared to those where traditional high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps which are still in use in major underdeveloped and developing areas worldwide in specifically street lighting. The LED driver is an electrical device which controls power flow to the single LED or a string of the LEDs or controls to the current flowing through the LEDs. Available conventional topologies for LED drivers have several demerits such as flickering issues, high losses, luminance problems, low power factor, more number of switches etc. So, the need of the hour is to develop efficient, compact, long lifetime, high power factor and flicker-free LED drivers. The LED have numerous advantages such as high luminous efficiency, life span and it has no mercury in its composition. Therefore, recently researchers of this area has been setting a goal to utilize LED as a good alternative to save electricity from major parts of this planet. In this paper, various topologies of LED drivers are presented. This paper also portrays simulation of a LED driver which is based on the combination of the buckboost converter as power factor correction stage (PFC) and buck converter as dc-dc power conversion (PC) stage. Both the stages are integrated using single switch only so it is basically integrated LED driver circuit. Keywords—About four key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas.
Self‐Assembling Colloidal‐Scale Devices: Selecting and Using Short‐Range Surface Forces Between Conductive Solids

A new general approach to the direct formation of bipolar devices from heterogeneous colloids is suggested. By using surface‐force theory and direct measurements, combinations of conductive device materials between which short‐range repulsive forces exist in the presence of an intervening liquid, and use these interactions to self‐form electrochemical junctions are identified. The inclusion of Lifshitz–van der Waals (LW) and acid–base (AB) interactions appears to be generally sufficient for the prediction of short‐range interactions. Device concepts using repulsive and attractive short‐range interactions to produce self‐organizing colloidal‐scale devices are proposed and demonstrated. A prototype self‐organizing lithium rechargeable battery is demonstrated using lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) and graphite as the active electrode materials.
Human capital accumulation, income distribution, and economic growth: a demand-led analytical framework

This paper incorporates human capital accumulation through provision of universal public education by a balanced-budget government to a demand-driven analytical framework of functional distribution and growth of income. Human capital accumulation positively impacts on workers’ productivity in production and their bargaining power in wage negotiations. In the long-run equilibrium, a rise in the tax rate (which also denotes the share of output spent in human capital formation) lowers the pre- and after-tax wage share and physical capital utilization, and thus raises (lowers) the output growth rate when the latter is profit-led (wage-led). The impact of a higher tax rate on the employment rate (which also measures human capital utilization) in the long-run equilibrium is negative (ambiguous) when output growth is wage-led (profit-led). In any case, the supply of higher-skilled workers does not automatically create its own demand.
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION (NVC) IN RETAIL INDUSTRY

Research on nonverbal communication in retail sector in not explored much and hence this study has good scope in researching in this area and further into finding the importance of nonverbal communication of salespersons in retail clothing sector and the perception of the customers. Three retail shops situated at Coimbatore were taken for the study and the sample size was determined based on the footfall of a particular day of the study. It was found that the customers varied in different age groups, income groups, occupational status, income level and gender too. Because of these vast differences in their demographic profile, their perceptions on the nonverbal communication of the salespersons also differed. Also the important traits which the customers are looking for among the salespersons were identified. It was suggested that the owners need to train their salespersons effectively so that they could identify the needs of each customer and try to persuade them through their communication skills especially nonverbal communication and make the sales encounter a successful one.
Rice product volatiles: a review

Revue bibliographique concernant les composes volatils identifies depuis une vingtaine d'annees dans le riz sauvage (Zizania aquatica), le riz cultive normal ou «aromatique», cru, cuit, le son de riz et divers produits prepares a partir de cette cereale
Food safety management of imported fishery products in Thailand: antibiotic standards and case study of enrofloxacin contamination in imported Pangasius catfish

The aim of this study was to assess food safety management of fishery products imported into Thailand and identify lessons learned and key challenges based on observation, in-depth interviews, and data review from involved Thai government authorities. In addition, enrofloxacin antibiotic residues in imported Pangasius catfish were also investigated and analyzed by extraction process and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Results revealed that there were many key challenges that involved government authorities of Thailand, and stakeholders must pay serious attention to the need for improvement. The key challenges suggested in this study were that the specific import documents of Thailand should be revised; many on-site test kits should be developed for real-life application so as to reduce cost and time; and food regulations should be updated and clarified, especially in terms of antibiotic contamination in food, for more efficient management. Moreover, no efficient traceability system is currently established in Thailand, resulting in difficult operation and management of a practical food monitoring system. Consequently, if no new measures or appropriate management procedures are developed to cope with these issues, it is possible that fishery products contaminated with various concentration levels of hazardous substances might be increasingly imported into Thailand in the future. The results showed that 14 out of 90 imported Pangasius catfish samples collected from around Thailand were contaminated with Enrofloxacin in the concentration range of 6.4–11.3 μg/kg, indicating that some contaminated fishery products were widespread in domestic markets, and legally so due to lack of regulation.
Redução de Ruído em Implantes Cocleares: Preservar a Magnitude Espectral ou a Envoltória Temporal?

Noise reduction systems are important part of cochlear implants. This work presents a comparison between two noise reduction techniques based on the principles of spectralmagnitude and temporal-envelope estimations. Computational simulations, using a non-intrusive objective-criteria specifically developed for percentual intelligibility estimation in cochlear implant users, indicate that the method based on the temporal envelope presents a significant higher performance, providing up to 10% increase for SNR ≤ 0 dB as compared to the spectral magnitude estimation method. Keywords— Cochlear implant, Noise reduction, Speech intelligibility.
Collision Avoidance in Human-Robot Interaction Using Kinect Vision System Combined With Robot’s Model and Data

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is a largely ad-dressed subject today. Collision avoidance is one of main strategies that allow space sharing and interaction without contact between human and robot. It is thus usual to use a 3D depth camera sensor which may involves issues related to occluded robot in camera view. While several works overcame this issue by applying infinite depth principle or increasing the number of cameras, we developed in the current work a new and an original approach based on the combination of a 3D depth sensor (Microsoft® Kinect V2) and the proprioceptive robot position sensors. This method uses a principle of limited safety contour around the obstacle to dynamically estimate the robot-obstacle distance, and then generate the repulsive force that controls the robot. For validation, our approach is applied in real time to avoid collision between dynamical obstacles (humans or objects) and the end-effector of a real 7-dof Kuka LBR iiwa collaborative robot.Several strategies based on distancing and its combination with dodging were tested. Results have shown a reactive and efficient collision avoidance, by ensuring a minimum obstacle-robot distance (of ≈ 240mm), even when the robot is in an occluded zone in the Kinect camera view
Potassium Solubilizing Rhizobacteria and Their Effect on Root Colonization of Wheat Plant

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are known to be essential elements for plant growth. Thorough farming practices high yield require chemical fertilizers, which are not only expensive but may also produce environmental problems. The present study presenting the isolation and identification of rhizosphere bacteria with nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria (KSB) capacities from six different region in Egypt. A total of fifty two bacterial strains were isolated, characterized and classified to twenty two NFB, eighteen PSB and twelve KSB. Free NFB were tested for nitrogenase activity, the active NFB isolate 1N exhibited higher nitrogenase activity (330.2 n moles C H /ml/h) followed by isolates no. 7N recording 209.6 nmoles C H /ml /h. Qualitative and quantitative 2 4 2 4 methods were used to evaluate the phosphate and potassium solubilization effectiveness of the isolates. Results indicated that isolate no. 2P gave a large clear zone followed by isolates 12P. All of the eighteen PSB exhibited difference in their qualitative and quantitative efficiency to solubilize phosphate ranged from 65.9 to 220.2 % qualitatively; isolate no. 2P recorded 26.89 μg / ml after 14 days from incubation period, a slow decline in pH of medium was also observed from initial value of 6.21 to 5.10. All KSB isolates were able to K-solubilization mica supplemented to media as a sole source of K and formed variation of clear zones on Aleksandrow’s agar media in vitro. Isolate no. K5 gave large clear zone, solubilizing efficiency ranged from 50.44 to 230.11%. The amount of K is increased with increasing the incubation period 4-5 days at 35°C. Isolate no. 5K gave highest amount of K recorded 54.14 μg/ml and pH decreased through incubation periods. The top isolates strains from NFB, PSB and KSB (1N, 2P and 5K) were identified using 16S rDNA gene sequence analyses. The similarity sequence analysis indicated that no. 1N, no. 2P and no. 5K isolates have 99% similar sequence identify to Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bacillus nakamurai and Bacillus pacificus respectively. The colonization pattern of those strains were characterized using wheat plants on pots experiments. Overall the results indicates that the effect of NPK bacteria for enhancing the growth and increased the Vigor index recorded 70.83. Providing a great potential of using NPK bacteria for sustainable growth of wheat plants.