Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Agriculture Teachers Leave: A National Examination of Turnover Intentions and Work-Family Conflict.

Using data from a random sample of secondary school agriculture teachers in the United States, this study explored the work-family conflict and turnover intentions of agriculture teachers. Additionally, this study sought to determine the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intentions among agriculture teachers. Work-family conflict was split into two domains, work interference with family and family interference with work. Teachers reported the higher level of work-family conflict within the work interference with family domain. However, agriculture teachers in this study identified moderately low turnover intentions. The three variables of interest (i.e., work interference with family, family interference with work, and turnover intentions) were compared by gender with no statistically significant differences identified. The final objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the two work-family conflict variables and turnover intentions. The model predicted 18% of the turnover intentions among agriculture teachers. Only one of the predictor variables, work interference with family, was identified as a statistically significant predictor of turnover intentions. The implications of work-family conflict, specifically work interference with family, are discussed and recommendations for research and practice are explored.
Relationship of aggressive behavior to other neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE This study explored the relationship between aggressive behavior and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHOD Consecutively assessed outpatients with probable or possible Alzheimer's disease (N = 75) were assessed with the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (33%) had verbal outbursts and 13 patients (17%) engaged in physical aggression in the month prior to assessment. Aggressive patients and nonaggressive patients did not differ regarding age, education, gender, level of depression, or severity of dementia. In the entire group, dysphoria was found in 33%, delusional ideation in 39%, and hallucinations in 16%. Aggressive behavior was more frequent among patients with hallucinations than among those without. Scores on hallucinations and activity disturbance predicted 12% of the variance in total aggressive behavior. When data from patients taking psychotropic medication were excluded from the analysis, hallucination and delusion scores predicted 22% of the variance in the aggression score. Physical aggression was associated with activity disturbance and hallucinations, and verbal aggression was associated with delusional ideation. No other clinical correlates of aggression were identified. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive behavior is a frequent behavioral symptom in Alzheimer's disease. About one-fourth of the variance in aggression could be attributed to psychosis.
Computer-Simulated Fluid Dynamics of Arterial Perfusion in Extracorporeal Circulation: From Reality to Virtual Simulation

Background Atheroembolism due to aortic manipulation remains an unsolved problem in surgery for thoracic aortic aneurysm. The goal of the present study is to create a computer simulation (CS) model with which to analyze blood flow in the diseased aorta. Method A three-dimensional glass model of the aortic arch was constructed from CT images of a normal, healthy person and a patient with transverse aortic arch aneurysm. Separately, a CS model of the curved end-hole cannula was created, and flow from the aortic cannula was recreated using a numerical simulation. Results Comparison of the data obtained by the glass model analyses revealed that the flow velocity and the vector of the flow around the exit of the cannula were similar to that in the CS model. A high-velocity area was observed around the cannula exit in both the glass model and the CS model. The maximum flow velocity was as large as 1.0 m/s at 20 mm from the cannula exit and remained as large as 0.5 to 0.6 m/s within 50 mm of the exit. In the aortic arch aneurysm models, the rapid jet flow from the cannula moved straight toward the lesser curvature of the transverse aortic arch. The locations and intensities of the calculated vortices were slightly different from those obtained for the glass model. Conclusions The proposed CS method for the analysis of blood flow from the aortic cannulae during extracorporeal circulation can reproduce the flow velocity and flow pattern in the proximal and transverse aortic arches.
Influence of sweet whey protein concentrate and its hydrolysates on host–pathogen interactions in the emerging foodborne pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global healthcare predicament. An attractive approach to the dilemma of drug‐resistant bacteria is the development and use of agents that interfere with the ability of pathogens to adhere to human tissue. The influence of sweet whey protein concentrate (SWPC), and selected hydrolysates of this material, on host–pathogen interactions of Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544) was investigated.
Increased contralateral cerebellar uptake of technetium-99m-HMPAO on ictal brain SPECT.

UNLABELLED Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) is a well-known brain SPECT finding in stroke patients. Two reports, however, have described supratentorial and contralateral cerebellar hyperperfusion (crossed cerebellar hyperperfusion) on ictal brain SPECT in epileptic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of crossed cerebellar hyperperfusion (CCH) for the detection of epileptic foci on ictal scan. METHODS Twelve patients with complex partial seizures having characteristic clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG) and brain SPECT findings were included. Fifteen to 20 mCi 99mTc-HMPAO were injected intravenously during the seizure period or the aura for the ictal SPECT study. The SPECT findings were visually assessed to determine whether the finding of CCH was valuable in the localization of ictal foci. RESULTS Epileptic foci were found in the right temporal (n = 6), left temporal (n = 4), right occipital (n = 1) and left frontal (n = 1) areas. CCH was observed in 8 (75%) of the 12 patients. In two patients, contralateral cerebellar uptake was more obvious than that in the epileptic foci. In the interictal scans, cerebellar activity, which was increased in ictal period, was equalized in seven of eight patients, while perfusion was diminished in the remaining patient. CONCLUSION CCH is a frequent finding of ictal brain SPECT and may aid in the lateralization of epileptic foci.
Parallel antioxidant and antiexcitotoxic therapy improves outcome after incomplete global cerebral ischemia in dogs.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have previously shown that incomplete global cerebral ischemia complicated by dense acidosis produces a profound secondary deterioration of energy metabolism and cerebral blood flow. Antioxidant treatment only partially averts this deterioration, suggesting that parallel or sequential mechanisms are involved in cerebral ischemic injury. We tested the hypothesis that a novel competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist GPI 3000 (GPI) ameliorates metabolic injury and that the effectiveness of the iron-chelator and antioxidant deferoxamine (DFO) is augmented by combined therapy with GPI after incomplete global cerebral ischemia. METHODS Anesthetized dogs were treated with 30 minutes of global incomplete cerebral ischemia. Preischemic plasma glucose was raised to approximately 500 mg/dL to exaggerate lactic acidosis. Brain ATP, phosphocreatine, and pH were measured by 31P MR spectroscopy for 180 minutes of reperfusion. Neurophysiological outcomes were assessed by evoked potential monitoring. Five groups were treated with either saline; 75 mg/kg DFO preischemia plus 75 mg/kg at reperfusion onset, followed by 27.5 mg/kg per hour for the remainder of reperfusion (DFO group); 25 mg/kg GPI pretreatment, followed by 5 mg/kg per hour (GPI-pre group); 25 mg/kg GPI at reperfusion, followed by 5 mg/kg per hour (GPI-post group); or DFO and GPI-pre at the same doses (Combined group). RESULTS Ischemic cerebral blood flow (microspheres: 5 to 8 mL/min per 100 g) was similar among the groups. End-ischemic pHi was also similar; 5.9 in saline, 6.1 in DFO, 6.2 in GPI-pre, 6.2 in Combined, and 6.1 in GPI-post groups. Progressive hypoperfusion was observed in all groups except Combined during reperfusion. Metabolic recovery was improved relative to saline in all drug-treated groups. Phosphocreatine recovery was improved in Combined compared with DFO and GPI-pre groups. Somatosensory evoked potential recovery was not observed in the saline group and incomplete in all treatment groups. At 60 and 90 minutes of reperfusion, DFO, GPI-pre, and Combined groups demonstrated improved recovery relative to the saline group. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment and posttreatment with GPI ameliorated postischemic metabolic failure, suggesting that NMDA-mediated mechanisms are more important in global cerebral ischemia complicated by dense, acidosis than early studies indicated. Combined treatment with GPI and DFO improved cerebral blood flow during reperfusion and one indicator of energy recovery. These data support the hypothesis that parallel therapy aimed at antioxidant and antiexcitotoxic mechanisms of ischemic brain injury augment recovery compared with the individual agents.
Roles for MSI2 and PROX1 in hematopoietic stem cell activity

Purpose of reviewThe MSI2 and PROX1 proteins are increasingly recognized for their critical roles in the biology of primitive hematopoietic cells and for their potential contributions to leukemic pathogenesis. Here we summarize the studies that have shed light on the hematopoietic-specific roles of MSI2 and PROX1 and give an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying their function. Recent findingsIn addition to a likely role in cell cycle restraint, the hematopoietic stem cell agonist MSI2 is essential for the maintenance of primitive cell fate through ensuring appropriate balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Overexpression of Msi2 can contribute to the progression of murine myeloid leukemia and in the human setting is associated with poor prognosis. Regulatory control imposed by MSI2 may be achieved partly through regulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Prox1 behaves in an opposing manner to Msi2, resulting in elevated stem cell numbers when depleted. It has a potential role in cell cycle control and may act at the level of primitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as it does in other systems by directly promoting commitment and differentiation. PROX1 functions as a tumor suppressor in numerous tissue types and has been found mutated in hematopoietic cell lines and primary blood malignancies. SummaryDeciphering the molecular mechanisms through which MSI2 and PROX1 affect primitive hematopoietic cell fate will provide insight into the regulation of normal hematopoiesis and facilitate better understanding of the leukemic transformation process. This will be directly applicable to the development of effective regenerative therapies and targeted leukemia treatments.
Forecasting the Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

In this first of a four-part article, Spyros Makridakis reflects on earlier predictions made about the emergence of digital revolution and presents what he now sees as the forthcoming advances in AI. The critical question and the major objective of the full article is to consider how AI will affect business firms and what companies can do to exploit the consequent opportunities, while avoiding the dangers by correctly predicting these revolutionary changes and planning ahead for them. Copyright International Institute of Forecasters, 2017
Managing knowledge through social media: Modelling an entrepreneurial approach for Scottish SMEs and beyond

The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise social media usage (SMU) as a contributory, knowledge management (KM) tool towards entrepreneurial behaviour amongst small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Although an underdeveloped concept in entrepreneurship, the conceptual analysis of KM presents evidence which links SMU as complementary to changing KM conventions. ,The pertinent KM and SMU literatures of the SME context were reviewed to form an understanding of this context. Employing a mixed-methods approach, a pragmatic, thematic investigation of SMU-enhanced KM was facilitated. ,Substantial benefits of innovative SMU, as a management tool towards SME entrepreneurialism, were witnessed. SMU enhances the administration of real-time knowledge, encouraging creativity. However, longer-term costs of employing requisite personnel, and anticipated organisational restructuring, present challenges. The paper identifies the potentials of social media technologies in overcoming KM issues. The authors propose a reasoned process model towards entrepreneurial exploitation by acknowledging systematic phases of research, concept, institutionalise, develop, target and assess, referred to as the RCIDTA model. ,The authors argue that KM, through social media, facilitates interactions to execute innovative processes within SMEs ever-changing infrastructures. It also informs nascent entrepreneurs, in considering the benefits of systematic KM, and novel SMU, opportunities. The RCIDTA model for SMEs can be utilised in improving knowledge ecosystems of entrepreneurial SMEs, promoting innovation towards sustained organisation growth. ,This paper embraces the growing approach of SMEs applying SMU. SMU and its cost efficiency support the start-up activity. This paper highlights central issues concerning the exploitation of sector-specific KM, including organisational strategy, structure, brand formation, fiscal and personnel resource allocation and market share.
The Determinants of Bitcoin Liquidity

Liquidity is one of the most important characteristics of an asset. While it has been studied extensively in conventional markets, little research has been done on the liquidity of bitcoin markets. We investigate determinants of liquidity in the bitcoin markets, both on an hourly and a daily basis. As a measure of liquidity, we use the bidask spread, calculated from high-frequency data from four di erent exchanges located around the world. We find that contemporaneous traded volume and volatility are positively related with the bid-ask spread. We also find that high absolute returns predict high bid-ask spread in the next period. Our findings indicate that bitcoin market makers tend to increase the bid-ask spread in more uncertain times and that higher traded volume can be interpreted as new information arriving in the market.
The Influence of Social and Cultural Capital on Student Persistence

Using a mixed-methods approach, this chapter examines the use of the social and cultural capital questionnaire to measure capital, combined with student narrative experiences to gauge student persistence. An analysis of the interviews from the participants' experiences provided four themes: faculty/professors, family, self-motivation, and finances. In this study, social capital was more positively related to school success as a factor of persistence than cultural capital. The findings of this research study contributes to this growing body of literature by providing a unique survey instrument designed to assess the influence of social and cultural capital.
La regulación de la inclusión educativa del alumnado con discapacidad intelectual: una reforma pendiente

Antecedentes: los alumnos con discapacidad intelectual precisan de buenas practicas de evaluacion e intervencion desde enfoques holisticos para garantizar su derecho a la educacion inclusiva. Estas practicas se ordenan por la legislacion educativa estatal que se concreta en la normativa de cada comunidad autonoma. La variedad de regulaciones existentes demanda su revision critica individualizada para valorar si ofrecen marcos cientificamente avalados que respalden las decisiones que se toman. Metodo: se ha analizado la legislacion educativa estatal y las concreciones normativas vigentes que regulan la atencion a la diversidad en cada comunidad empleando una lista de comprobacion que recoge las variables que definen cada fase de atencion a la diversidad y los procedimientos de evaluacion e intervencion en discapacidad intelectual. Resultados: la atencion a la diversidad pone el foco de evaluacion e intervencion en aspectos organizativos-curriculares descuidandose la evaluacion e intervencion en autodeterminacion y calidad de vida, esenciales en el desarrollo e inclusion de los alumnos con discapacidad intelectual. Conclusiones: las necesidades educativas especiales como las entiende la normativa vigente y la falta de desarrollos vinculados a la Convencion de la ONU sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad son barreras a las practicas inclusivas de los alumnos con discapacidad intelectual, siendo necesario adoptar modelos cientificos de evaluacion-intervencion en los que se apoye el desarrollo de marcos legales que garanticen la inclusion y se orienten al maximo desarrollo posible y mejora de la calidad de vida de este alumnado.
When Do Developing Countries Negotiate Away Their Corporate Tax Base

Developing countries have concluded thousands of bilateral tax treaties, which restrict their â€˜taxing rightsâ€™ over international investment. Qualitative case studies of these negotiation outcomes emphasize power politics, knowledge asymmetries and negotiating capability in the eventual distribution of taxing rights between signatories, yet such insights are absent from crossâ€ country quantitative work. This paper bridges the gap by replicating two quantitative studies, introducing new data on countries' ability to mobilize tax revenue and the outcomes of tax treaty negotiations. It provides statistical support for the insights from qualitative research. The size of a government's revenue base, and its reliance on corporate tax, might affect the salience of the revenue sacrifice in policy makers' minds. These variables influence the likelihood of signing a tax treaty and the particular concessions made. Power asymmetries between signatories lead to more unequal distributions of taxing rights away from developing countries, in contrast to the findings of earlier studies. Developing countries also become better negotiators as they gain experience. Â© 2018 UNUâ€ WIDER. Journal of International Development published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Handgun safety features: a review for physicians.

OBJECTIVE Handguns are a ubiquitous consumer product in the United States, which annually cause significant morbidity and mortality. Handgun safety devices are often proposed as potential solutions to this problem. Their effectiveness at reducing handgun injuries and deaths is intensely debated. However, to effectively analyze the potential utility of handgun safety devices, physicians need to be aware of the safety devices available in the consumer market and how they operate. METHODS A wide variety of safety devices are available in the consumer market, which vary in terms of their ease of operation, cost, and the types of injuries they may prevent. We reviewed several types of handgun safety devices, including loaded chamber indicators, manual thumb safeties, grip safeties, magazine disconnectors, drop safeties, built-in locks, trigger locks, lockboxes, and personalized handguns. Each device is described within the context of reducing unintended discharge and unauthorized use. RESULTS This review is not exhaustive. There are other types of safety devices that limit access to handguns. Many of these devices, such as barrel locks and chamber locks, work in a similar manner as trigger locks and have the same limitations. The user of any type of safety device should think about the types of injuries the device is designed to prevent and be aware of its limitations. CONCLUSION Physicians have the potential to reduce the risk of firearm injuries with their patients and communities. Providing accurate information on firearm safety devices and their limitations is important, just as it is for other aspects of health care advice. Armed with accurate information, physicians can hopefully be effective in firearm injury prevention.
Analysis of 15 adenovirus hexon proteins reveals the location and structure of seven hypervariable regions containing serotype-specific residues

The first full-length hexon protein DNA and deduced amino acid sequences of a subgenus D adenovirus (AV) were determined from candidate AV48 (85-0844). Comprehensive comparison of this sequence with hexon protein sequences from human subgenera A, B, C, D, F, bovine AV3, and mouse AV1 revealed seven discrete hypervariable regions (HVRs) among the 250 variable residues in loops 1 and 2. These regions differed in length between serotypes, from 2 to 38 residues, and contained > 00% of hexon serotype-specific residues among human serotypes. Alignment with the published crystal structure of AV2 established the location and structure of the type-specific regions. Five HVRs were shown to be part of linear loops on the exposed surfaces of the protein, analogous to the serotype-specific loops or "puffs" in picornavirus capsid proteins. The HVRs were supported by a common framework of conserved residues, of which 68 to 75% were hydrophobic. Unique sequences were limited to the seven HVRs, so that one or more of these regions contain the type-specific neutralization epitopes. A neutralizing AV48 hexon-specific antiserum recognized linear peptides that corresponded to six HVRs by enzyme immunoassay. Affinity-purification removal of all peptide-reactive antibodies did not significantly decrease the neutralization titer. Eluted peptide-reactive antibodies did not neutralize. Human antisera that neutralized AV48 did not recognize linear peptides. Purified trimeric native hexon inhibited neutralization, but monomeric heat-denatured hexon did not. We conclude that the AV48 neutralization epitope(s) is complex and conformational.
Optimizing Query Processing in Practical Software Database by Adapting

Different methods have been presented because of the needs to query processing optimization in databases. The reason of these needs is to increase the amount of data and the queries sent to the Database Management System. Even though there are various methods presented to optimize queries, the problem is that in most of these methods, the execution plan is deleted after the query is conducted. This study tries to provide a method that uses optimized execution plan obtained from executing a query for the next executions or executing a similar query in order to reduce time needed for executing queries. The method presented in this study has been tested on real practical software databases and the results shows 11% improvement.