Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A demência de Alzheimer e suas terapêuticas não farmacológicas: um estudo sobre as estratégias e intervenções em reabilitação neuropsicológica

O presente trabalho objetiva estudar as terapeuticas nao farmacologicas atualmente utilizadas no tratamento da demencia de Alzheimer (DA). Como metodologia, adotou-se a pesquisa bibliografica, atraves da analise critica em obras especificas sobre o tema no periodo de agosto de 2013 a marco de 2014. Permeia-se a analise acerca dos principais comprometimentos causados pela DA, bem como discute-se algumas estrategias e intervencoes em Reabilitacao Neuropsicologica (RN) disponiveis para tratamento, tendo em vista que a demencia de Alzheimer tem como principal caracteristica o comprometimento da memoria em sua fase inicial na maioria dos casos. Apresentam-se algumas contribuicoes que a Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental e a Neuropsicologia podem oferecer ao tratamento da DA e investiga-se como a RN pode ajudar o paciente e sua familia a lidar com os deficits causados pela lesao cerebral advindas dessa doenca. A busca em sites especializados como o BVS-Psi, PePSIC, SciELO e Google Academico oportunizou a captacao de artigos especializados sobre o tema. Para tanto se utilizou descritores de busca tais como: Alzheimer, demencia, Neuropsicologia, Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental e Reabilitacao Neuropsicologica. Foram consultados ainda livros e periodicos disponiveis em bibliotecas das instituicoes de ensino superior da regiao metropolitana do Recife que possuem cursos de graduacao e especializacao em Psicologia. Por fim, e importante enfatizar que nao se pretende com este trabalho, descaracterizar o uso da terapeutica medicamentosa, pois ela e importante para o tratamento da demencia de Alzheimer. No entanto nao serao aprofundadas questoes relativas aos seus tipos e prescricoes, por nao serem esses o foco desta pesquisa.
EDA‐containing cellular fibronectin induces fibroblast differentiation through binding to α4β7 integrin receptor and MAPK/Erk 1/2‐dependent signaling

Fibroblast differentiation is an essential step during wound healing and fibrosis. Fibronectin (FN) is a major component of the extracellular matrix and occurs in two main forms: plasma and cellular FN. The latter includes the alternatively spliced domain A (EDA). Although EDA‐containing cellular fibronectin (EDA‐FN) is associated with fibroblast differentiation, how EDA‐FN promotes differentiation is incompletely understood. In this study, we investigate the mechanism by which EDA‐FN contributes to fibroblast differentiation with emphasis on the characterization of the EDA‐FN receptor. We show that EDA‐FN increases α‐SMA expression (immunofluorescence), collagen deposition, cell contractility, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation (immunoblotting); whereas plasma FN, a form lacking EDA, shows no effect. Primary lung fibroblasts constitutively express α4β7 integrin receptor (FACS and RT‐PCR). Blocking of α4β7 reduces fibroblast adhesion to EDA‐FN and inhibits α‐SMA expression, collagen deposition, and FAK activation induced by EDA‐FN. Using recombinant EDA‐containing peptides, we demonstrate that the EDA segment is sufficient to induce fibroblast differentiation via binding to α4β7. EDA‐FN induces MAPK‐Erk1/2 activation and inhibition of MEK1/2 attenuates EDA‐FN‐induced α‐SMA expression. Our findings demonstrate that EDA‐FN induces fibroblast differentiation by a mechanism that involves binding of EDA to α4β7 integrin followed by activation of FAK and MAPK‐associated signaling pathways. — Kohan, M. , Muro, A. F. , White, E. S. , Berkman, N. EDA‐containing cellular fibronectin induces fibroblast differentiation through binding to α4β7 integrin receptor and MAPK/Erk 1/2‐dependent signaling. FASEB J. 24, 4503–4512 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Extraordinary Infrared Transmission Resonances of Metal Microarrays for Sensing Nanocoating Thickness

Nanocoatings of TiO2 (60−105 nm in thickness) were applied to one side of freestanding Ni films with microarrays of subwavelength holes exhibiting the extraordinary transmission effect in the infrared. Shifts, attenuation, and broadening of the transmission resonances at perpendicular incidence have been observed versus coating thickness. The Ni microarrays exhibit potential as sensors for nanoscale coating thickness and dielectric properties, all of which are accomplished simply by placing mesh in the sample region of an FTIR spectrometer in transmission mode, at perpendicular incidence, without any angle tuning. A second order relation between resonance shifts and coating thickness has been developed which accounts for the effect of changing wavelength of this configuration. A framework is developed for converting these results to momentum space allowing comparison with surface plasmon attenuated total reflection experiments. This exercise illuminates the need for better theoretical models of radiation .
Evaluation of foramen magnum in gender determination using helical CT scanning.

OBJECTIVE The present research was undertaken to study the accuracy and reliability of the foramen magnum (FM) and some cranial measurements in gender classification through the use of reconstructed helical CT images. METHODS 88 patients (43 males and 45 females; age range, 20-49 years) were selected for this study. FM sagittal diameter, transverse diameter, area and circumference were measured and data were subjected to discriminant analysis for gender using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS FM circumference and area were the best discriminant parameters that could be used to study sexual dimorphism with an overall accuracy of 67% and 69.3%, respectively. By using multivariate analysis, 90.7% of FM dimensions of males and 73.3% of FM dimensions of females were sexed correctly. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the reconstructed CT image can provide valuable measurements for the FM and could be used for sexing when other methods are inconclusive.
Illegal is not a Noun: Linguistic Form for Detection of Pejorative Nominalizations

This paper focuses on a particular type of abusive language, targeting expressions in which typically neutral adjectives take on pejorative meaning when used as nouns - compare ‘gay people’ to ‘the gays’. We first collect and analyze a corpus of hand-curated, expert-annotated pejorative nominalizations for four target adjectives: female, gay, illegal, and poor. We then collect a second corpus of automatically-extracted and POS-tagged, crowd-annotated tweets. For both corpora, we find support for the hypothesis that some adjectives, when nominalized, take on negative meaning. The targeted constructions are non-standard yet widely-used, and part-of-speech taggers mistag some nominal forms as adjectives. We implement a tool called NomCatcher to correct these mistaggings, and find that the same tool is effective for identifying new adjectives subject to transformation via nominalization into abusive language.
Ingenine E, a new cytotoxic β-carboline alkaloid from the Indonesian sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens

Abstract A new β-carboline alkaloid ingenine E (4), along with three known metabolites annomontine (1), acanthomine A (2), and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharman-1-one (3) were isolated from the Indonesian marine sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens. Their structure characterization was unequivocally carried out using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated toward MCF7, A549, HCT116, PC12, and Hela cancer cell lines. Ingenine E (4) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF7, HCT116, and A549 cell lines with IC50 values of 3.5, 0.67, and 2.15 μg/ml.
Non-invasive biomarkers to guide management following renal transplantation: the need for a multiplatform approach

Purpose of reviewBalancing the level of anti-rejection therapy is the key challenge facing clinicians managing recipients of a solid organ transplant. Identification of biomarkers in non-invasive samples will allow serial monitoring which can prompt changes in therapy at an earlier stage without the need for invasive tests, and before significant damage to the graft or side effects have occurred. In this review we provide an update on the present status of such biomarker discovery in renal transplantation. Recent findingsPrevious studies focusing on candidate biomarkers have identified a number of genes that have the potential to identify patients undergoing rejection. Advances in technology now allow screening of samples for markers which have led to identification of further genes as well as adding microRNAs and proteins to the list. Similarly, by studying patients in whom anti-rejection therapy has been withdrawn, a gene signature for operational tolerance has been described. SummaryIt has become clear that to obtain a test suitable for clinical purposes, combinations of markers are required to identify specific clinical phenotypes. Identification and validation of such marker sets in large cohorts is urgently required to allow progression to clinical trials with the ultimate goal of offering recipients personalized anti-rejection therapy regimes.
Dense mapping for monocular-SLAM

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is the problem of constructing a 3D map while simultaneously keeping track of an agent location within the map. In recent years, work has focused in systems that use a single camera as the only sensing mechanism (monocular-SLAM). 3D reconstruction (map) by monocular-SLAM systems is a point cloud where all points preserve high accuracy and can deliver visual environmental information. However, the maximum number of points in the cloud is limited by the tracked features, this is named “sparse cloud problem”. In this work, we propose a new SLAM framework that is robust enough for indoor/outdoor SLAM applications, and at the same time increases the 3D map density. The point cloud density is increased by applying a new feature-tracking/dense-tracking algorithm in the SLAM formulation. In order to achieve real-time processing, the algorithm is formulated to facilitate a parallel FPGA implementation. Preliminary results show that it is possible to obtain dense mapping (superior to previous work) and accurate camera pose estimation (localization) under several real-world conditions.
Discussion about sustainable development of country economic development zone in northern Jiang Su with industrial transferring

This paper made an example as High-tech Industrial Zone in Jianhu, for researching the contradiction between ensuring economic growth and protect the natural environment that have been faced by planning about sustainable development of country economic development zone with industrial transferring, and preliminary discussion the way in planning for natural environment protection and make that develop sustainably.
Study on an Improved ACO Algorithm Based on Multi-Strategy in Solving Function Problem

In order to overcome the blindness of chaotic search, improve the convergence speed and global solving ability of the basic ant colony optimization(ACO) algorithm, an improved ACO algorithm based on combining multi-population strategy, adaptive adjustment pheromone strategy, chaotic search method and min-max ant strategy (MPCSMACO)is proposed in this paper. In the proposed MPCSMACO algorithm, the multi-population strategy is introduced to realize the information exchange and cooperation among the various types of ant colony. The chaotic search method with the ergodicity, randomness and regularity by using the logistic mapping is used to overcome too long search time, avoid falling into the local extremum in the initial stage and improve the search accuracy in the late search. The min-max ant strategy is used to avoid the local optimization solution and the stagnation. And the ants with different probability search different area according to the concentration of pheromone, so as to reduce the search number of the blindness of chaotic search method. Several Benchmark functions are selected to testify the performance of the MPCSMACO algorithm. The experiment results show that the MPCSMACO algorithm takes on the better global search ability and convergence performance.
Numerical Solution of Diffusion Equation by Finite Difference Method

In this work error estimation for numerical solution of Diffusion equation by finite difference method is done. The Explicit centered difference scheme is described to find the numerical approximation of the Diffusion equation. The numerical scheme is implemented in order to perform the numerical features of error estimation. To get analytic solution, we present the variable separation method. We develop a computer program to implement the finite difference method in scientific programming language. An example is used for comparison; the numerical results are compared with analytical solutions.
Thrombotic occlusion of extracardiac conduit 4 months after Fontan surgery.

A 3-year-old boy with single-ventricle anatomy and a prior Glenn procedure (anastomosis of the superior vena cava [SVC] to the pulmonary arteries) underwent a fenestrated extracardiac Fontan procedure (connection of the inferior vena cava [IVC] to the pulmonary arteries) with use of an 18-mm Dacron conduit. The patient's immediate postoperative course was uneventful. He developed pleural effusions 4 months after surgery but appeared to be well. His medications were aspirin and furosemide. We performed cardiac catheterization because echocardiography yielded an insufficient view of the conduit, and because we needed to evaluate hemodynamic or structural causes of the pleural effusions. Angiograms showed occlusion of the extracardiac conduit (Fig. 1), a patent superior cavopulmonary anastomosis without thrombus (Fig. 2), and extensive collateral veins from the IVC to the SVC (Fig. 3). Right upper and lower pulmonary vein obstruction was also noted (Fig. 4). Fig. 4 Delayed angiographic image from the superior vena cava injection shown in Figure 2 shows no pulmonary venous return from the right upper pulmonary vein (black arrow) and apparent compression of the right lower pulmonary vein (white arrow). Fig. 3 Delayed angiographic image from the inferior vena cava injection shown in Figure 1 shows extensive decompressing venous collateral vessels connecting the venae cavae. Fig. 2 Angiogram after contrast injection into the superior vena cava shows a patent superior cavopulmonary anastomosis with no flow into the extracardiac Fontan conduit. Fig. 1 Angiogram after contrast injection into the inferior vena cava shows no flow into the extracardiac Fontan conduit. Bilateral pleural pigtail drains are in place. Hypercoagulability studies were negative. At the time of reoperation, the Dacron conduit was noted to be filled with thrombus. The patient's daily antithrombotic regimen was changed to aspirin (81 mg) and warfarin, and there was no recurrence of thrombus.
What Is Speculative Thinking ?

'How do you know? That's what I always want to ask when I read some grand claim of Adorno's, like "the history of civilization is the introversion of sacrifice" or whatever. '1 Of course, I was ready with answers to my friend's objection. But I soon felt that they might be of incompatible kinds. I wanted to say that unlike some grand thinkers, Adorno always took the question of empirical evidence extremely seriously; that he thought of criti cal theory as demanding more, rather than less, attention to experience than classical empiricism; that the habitual absence from his work of any extensive penumbra of bibliographical footnotes did not imply a cavalier approach to evidence, but only an alertness to the risk of privileging bulk of information over precision of reflection. Yet I also wanted to say that there were certain topics concerning which fear of error might be the error itself; that generalized scepticism towards all non-trivial claims about the history of civilization might serve the cause, not of a finer discrimination, but the still emptier generalization that no generalizations can be made; and that part of the point of that kind of generalized scepticism might be to prevent events of any significance from being considered to have taken place at all, or even to prevent them from taking place in the future. Fi nally, I wanted to explain to my friend that he was reading too literally; that many of Adorno's sharpest claims were not descriptive attempts to formu late propositions adequate to states-of-affairs, but attempts to provoke read ers into just that critical independence of mind my friend had himself dis played; that just as the truth of a sentence would depend on the order of its words as well as on which words it contained, so the truth of an argument would depend on the order of its sentences, of a book on the order of its chapters, and so on: so that each such large claim would need to be read not in isolation but as part of a philosophical composition.
Unusually rapid evolution of Neuroligin-4 in mice

Neuroligins (NLs) are postsynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that are implicated in humans in autism spectrum disorders because the genes encoding NL3 and NL4 are mutated in rare cases of familial autism. NLs are highly conserved evolutionarily, except that no NL4 was detected in the currently available mouse genome sequence assemblies. We now demonstrate that mice express a distant NL4 variant that rapidly evolved from other mammalian NL4 genes and that exhibits sequence variations even between different mouse strains. Despite its divergence, mouse NL4 binds neurexins and is transported into dendritic spines, suggesting that the core properties of NLs are retained in this divergent NL isoform. The selectively rapid evolution of NL4 in mice suggests that its function in the brain is under less stringent control than that of other NLs, shedding light on why its mutation in autism spectrum disorder patients is not lethal, but instead leads to a discrete developmental brain disorder.
Randomized, controlled trial of single versus 3-times-daily ferrous sulfate drops for treatment of anemia.

OBJECTIVE Adherence to treatment of iron-deficiency anemia often is poor in both developed and developing countries. The current standard therapy is ferrous sulfate drops (or syrup) administered 3 times daily. It is possible that adherence would improve with a single-dose daily treatment regimen. We compared the use of single versus 3-times-daily ferrous sulfate drops, at the same total iron dose, on treatment of anemia in infants. METHODS To obtain a large enough cohort of anemic subjects, we performed the study in rural Ghana. Using a prospective, randomized, controlled design, we studied 557 anemic children (age range: 6-24 months; hemoglobin values: 70-99 g/L). One group (n = 280) received ferrous sulfate drops once daily (40 mg elemental iron), and the control group (n = 277) received ferrous sulfate drops 3 times per day (total dose, 40 mg elemental iron). Treatment lasted for 2 months. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin values were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS Successful treatment of anemia (hemoglobin >100 g/L) occurred in 61% of the single-dose and in 56% of the 3-times-daily group. Geometric mean ferritin levels increased significantly in each group from baseline to the final visit. Side effects were minimal and similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION A single versus a 3-times-daily dose of ferrous sulfate drops over 2 months resulted in a similar rate of successful treatment of anemia, without side effects. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the use of a single-dose daily regimen to treat anemia. Although not examined in the current study, use of a single-dose daily regimen may improve adherence to treatment of anemia in infants.
CT, MRI, and 18 F-FDG PET-CT Findings of Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: A Case Report *

Here we report imaging studies of a patient with pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML). A 44-year-old woman who underwent a hysterectomy for uterine cellular leiomyoma presented with abnormal shadows on a chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple well-defined nodules in both lungs. Chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated these nodules as T1-low/T2-high intensity lesions. Contrast-enhanced MRI indicated these nodules as well-enhanced lesions, while 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT revealed no abnormal accumulation in these nodules. Bilateral lung wedge resections were performed for the largest 2 lesions to confirm the diagnosis, and both nodules were histologically diagnosed as BML.
Schistocytic Hemolytic Anemia Owing to Central Venous Catheter in a Child With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A 4-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was inserted a central venous catheter into right vena jugularis interna, whereas on BFM-ALL (Protocol 1) therapy. He developed progressive anemia, thrombocytopenia, schistocytes with triangular or crescent shapes, microspherocytes and teardrop cells in the peripheric blood smear, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased haptoglobin. Schistocytic hemolytic anemia was considered. On chest radiogram, the central venous catheter (CVC) tip was seen beneath the expected location. An echocardiography revealed that CVC was within the right atrium, in contact with tricuspite leaflets. So, CVC was overhauled and a new one was inserted. After the revision, hemolysis ceased; haptoglobin level normalized.
A novel IP-routing lookup scheme and hardware architecture for multigigabit switching routers

One of the pertinent design issues for new generation IP routers is the route-lookup mechanism. For each incoming IP packet, the IP routing is required to perform a longest-prefix matching on the route lookup in order to determine the packet's next hop. This study presents a fast unicast route-lookup mechanism that only needs tiny SRAM and can be implemented using a hardware pipeline. The forwarding table, based on the proposed scheme, is small enough to fit into a faster SRAM with low cost. For example, a large routing table with 40000 routing entries can be compacted into a forwarding table of 450-470 kbytes costing less than US$30. Most route lookups need only one memory access; no lookup needs more than three memory accesses. When implemented using a hardware pipeline, the proposed mechanism can achieve one routing lookup every memory access. With current 10-ns SRAMs, this mechanism furnishes approximately 100/spl times/10/sup 6/ routing lookups/s, which is much faster than any current commercially available routing-lookup scheme.
The relevance of heat shock regulation in fungal pathogens of humans

Despite being obligately associated with warm-blooded animals, Candida albicans expresses a bona fide heat shock response that is regulated by the evolutionarily conserved, essential heat shock transcription factor Hsf1. Hsf1 is thought to play a fundamental role in thermal homeostasis, adjusting the levels of essential chaperones to changes in growth temperature, for example in febrile patients. Hsf1 also regulates the expression of Hsp90, which controls the yeast-hypha transition in C. albicans, and we argue, might also control morphogenesis in other fungal pathogens of humans.