Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of French Sentences

1. This paper describes a programme which, by means of a very limited number of criteria, analyses French sentences into principal clauses and subordinate clauses. We prefer, however, to speak of seg-mentation rather than of analysis, because the analysis in question is very incomplete; there is, so to speak, no analysis at all; what we are doing is simply to try to find the extent to which the computer, using only a few kinds of landmarks in the text, is able to divide the sentence into certain segments, viz. the clauses. We raise the question whether French sentences can be segmented correctly by the computer recognizing in the input-text as linguistic signs having a special value, only words of the following three types: 1) finite verb-forms, 2) conjunctions and relative pronouns, 3) punctuation marks. All other words are considered as belonging to a single class, the unmarked words. Iu practice we shall make some subdivisions within the three main groups so that we finally get eight classes of signs in the input-text between which the computer should be able to distinguish: 1) words introducing subordinate clauses (subordinating conjunctions , relative pronouns); 2) coordinating conjunctions (et, mais, ou); 3) comma; 4) unmarked words, i.e. every word not belonging to any of the other classes; 5) finite verb without clitic subject pronoun + clitic pronouns and particles; 6) full stop, semicolon, colon, exclamation-mark, question-mark. 7) "car "; 8) finite verb with a clitic subject pronoun + ditic pronouns and particles.
Evaluation of the clinical use of nebulization therapy and antibiotics in in-patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : A randomized prospective study at a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: An observational, prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Hyderabad, T.S. , India. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical use of nebulization therapy and antibiotics in in-patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Subject and Methods: A total of 115 patients from the In-patient Department of General Medicine in Osmania General Hospital, who were prescribed nebulizers and antibiotics and those who fulfilled the exclusion and inclusion criteria were selected for the study which was conducted for 6 months. Information significant to the study was collected from the case records and discussions conducted with the in-patients and bystanders during ward rounds. Daily follow-ups were conducted to assemble data in therapy, add-on therapy and clinical improvement. Results: The mean age was 59 years and the standard deviation was 11 years. Of the population, 77% were smokers and 51% were alcoholics. The most commonly used Bronchodilator is Deriphylline with a percentage of 78.10% and Antibiotic Monocef with a percentage of 72%. The most commonly used formulation is Orals with a percentage of 44.80%. A population of 43.50% of patients resulted with A grade severity index which represents low risk and low symptoms. 85% of individuals responded positively after the nebulization therapy with Oxygen therapy provided to them, as their SpO2 levels with O2 therapy changed into the normal range. There was a significant difference between the SpO2 with O2 percentages and SpO2 without O2 percentages (α= 0.05). Conclusion: Nebulization therapy had more clinical improvement when compared to Inhalation therapy as the Nebulizers require less intensive training for COPD patients. Antibiotics added to the treatment decreased the frequency of exacerbations.
Das Projekt PeTEX: E-Learning und Live-Experi- mente verbinden

Hinter dem Namen PeTEX verbirgt sich ein ausgesprochen avanciert entworfenes und spannend formuliertes Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt zum Aufbau einer internetbasierten Lernumgebung im Maschinenbau. PeTEX – dieses Akronym steht hier fur den englischen Projekttitel „Platform for Telemetric Experimentation“ – besteht in der konzeptionellen und operativen Gestaltung einer prototypischen E-Learning-Plattform zur Durchfuhrung von ferngesteuerten Live-Experimenten fur Studium und Weiterbildung im Fach Maschinenbau, bzw. genauer in dessen Fachrichtung Fertigungstechnik. Das Ziel des von der Europaischen Kommission geforderten Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojektes ist es, laborgestutztes Experimentieren in den Maschinenhallen der Fertigungstechnik internetgestutzt von nahezu jedem beliebigen Ort aus zu ermoglichen. Hiermit wird ein neues Bildungsangebot formuliert, welches technische und soziale Strukturen verbindet, die erst durch Internettechnologien wie z.B. Web 2.0 oder Lernmanagementsysteme wie Moodle zunehmend ermoglicht werden. So soll fur die Aus- und Weiterbildung im Bereich Maschinenbau die Durchfuhrung von realen Experimenten mit webbasierten Systemen verbunden werden. Hierfur sind neue didaktische Szenarien fur exploratives und entdeckendes Lernen erforderlich.
Multi-model predictive control based on LMI: from the adaptation of the state-space model to the analytic description of the control law

This article proposes an explicit robust predictive control solution based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The considered predictive control strategy uses different local descriptions of the system dynamics and uncertainties and thus allows the handling of less conservative input constraints. The computed control law guarantees constraint satisfaction and asymptotic stability. The technique is effective for a class of nonlinear systems embedded into polytopic models. A detailed discussion of the procedures which adapt the partition of the state space is presented. For the practical implementation the construction of suitable (explicit) descriptions of the control law are described upon concrete algorithms.
The X-Ray Crystal Structure of the Human Mono-Oxygenase Cytochrome P450 3A5-Ritonavir Complex Reveals Active Site Differences between P450s 3A4 and 3A5

The contributions of cytochrome P450 3A5 to the metabolic clearance of marketed drugs is unclear, but its probable role is to augment the metabolism of several drugs that are largely cleared by P450 3A4. Selective metabolism by 3A4 is often a concern in drug development owing to potential drug-drug interactions and the variability of 3A4 and 3A5 expression. The contribution of P450 3A5 to these clearance pathways varies between individuals owing to genetic differences and similarities and differences in the metabolic properties of 3A5 compared with 3A4. To better understand the structural differences between P450s 3A4 and 3A5, the structure of 3A5 complexed with ritonavir was determined by X-ray crystallography to a limiting resolution of 2.91 Å. The secondary and tertiary structures of 3A5 and 3A4 are similar, but the architectures of their active sites differ. The 3A5 active site is taller and narrower than that of 3A4. As a result, ritonavir adopts a distinctly different conformation to fit into the cavity of 3A5 than seen for 3A4. These structural changes reflect amino acid differences that alter the conformation of the helix F through helix G region in the upper portion of the cavity and ionic interactions between residues in the beta-sheet domain that reduce the width of the cavity. The structural differences exhibited by 3A4 and 3A5 suggest that the overlap of catalytic activities may reflect molecular flexibility that determines how alternative conformers fit into the different active site architectures of the two enzymes.
Genetic testing in families with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer.

CONTEXT Genetic testing for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) is available, but the rates of acceptance of testing or barriers to participation are not known. OBJECTIVE To investigate rates and predictors of utilization of genetic testing for HNPCC. DESIGN Cohort study conducted between July 1996 and July 1998. SETTING Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer family registry. PARTICIPANTS Adult male and female members (n = 208) of 4 extended HNPCC families contacted for a baseline telephone interview. INTERVENTIONS Family education and individual genetic counseling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Participant acceptance of HNPCC test results. RESULTS Of the 208 family members, 90 (43%) received test results and 118 (57%) declined. Of 139 subjects (67%) who completed a baseline telephone interview, 84 (60%) received test results and 55 (40%) declined. Of the 84 subjects who received test results, 35 (42%) received information indicating that they had HNPCC-associated mutations and 49 (58%) that they did not. Test acceptors had higher education levels (odds ratio [OR], 3.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.49-5.61) and were more likely to have participated in a previous genetic linkage study (OR, 4.30; 95% CI, 1.84-10.10). The presence of depression symptoms significantly reduced rates of HNPCC test use (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.17-0.66). Although rates of test use were identical among men and women, the presence of depression symptoms resulted in a 4-fold decrease in test use among women (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.08-0.80) and a smaller, nonsignificant reduction among men (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.19-1.27). CONCLUSIONS Despite having significantly elevated risks of developing colon cancer, a relatively small proportion of HNPCC family members are likely to use genetic testing. Barriers to test acceptance may include less formal education and the presence of depression symptoms, especially among women. Additional research is needed to generalize these findings to different clinical settings and racially diverse populations.
Role of ANC-1 in Tethering Nuclei to the Actin Cytoskeleton

Mutations in anc-1 (nuclear anchorage defective) disrupt the positioning of nuclei and mitochondria in Caenorhabditis elegans. ANC-1 is shown to consist of mostly coiled regions with a nuclear envelope localization domain (called the KASH domain) and an actin-binding domain; this structure was conserved with theDrosophila protein Msp-300 and the mammalian Syne proteins. Antibodies against ANC-1 localized cytoplasmically and were enriched at the nuclear periphery in an UNC-84–dependent manner. Overexpression of the KASH domain or the actin-binding domain caused a dominant negative anchorage defect. Thus, ANC-1 may connect nuclei to the cytoskeleton by interacting with UNC-84 at the nuclear envelope and with actin in the cytoplasm.
The effect of growth architecture on the induction and decay of bleomycin and X-ray-induced bystander response and genomic instability in lung adenocarcinoma cells and blood lymphocytes

Abstract Purpose: Cancer patients treated with radiomimetic drug bleomycin (BLM) have shown incidence of 7% second malignancy. Studies regarding BLM-induced genomic instability in bystander cells are scarce, and experiments with cells grown on three-dimensional (3D) cultures to mimic the in-vivo condition have never been attempted. Materials and methods: A549 and NCI-H23 (human lung adenocarcinoma) cells were grown as 3D cultures using Cytomatrix™, exposed to BLM or X-radiation and co-cultured with their respective unexposed cells. The DNA damage in direct and bystander cells were assessed by the induction of micronuclei (MN) or phosphorylated serine-15 residue in protein 53 (p53ser-15), a reflection of DNA damage, and by up-regulation of protein 21 (p21Waf1). The persistence of DNA damage was measured using MN assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in cancer cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) respectively. Results: BLM or X-irradiation induced DNA damage in both A549 and NCI-H23 cells and their respective bystander cells grown in 2D or 3D cultures. Further persistence of these damages in bystander PBL at delayed times indicated genomic instability in these cells. Conclusion: BLM-induced genomic instability in the progeny of bystander cells and their significance in therapy-induced second malignancy may not be eliminated completely.
A CCA 2-Secure Multi-Decrypter Encryption Scheme Without Random Oracles

Shengbao WANG, Peng ZENG, Kim-Kwang Raymond CHOO, Hongbing WANG 1School of Information Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310012, PR China 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062, PR China 3Information Assurance Research Group, Advanced Computing Research Centre University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia 4Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, PR China e-mail: shengbaowang@gmail.com, pzeng@sei.ecnu. edu.cn, raymond.choo@fulbrightmail.org, florawang.2011@gmail.com
An improved deep feature learning method for person re-identification

Deep learning methods are widely used for person re-identification recently and outperform other methods. Models that combines identification and verification are proposed to learn feature embedding to satisfy intra-class compactness and inter-class dispension. However, sampling pairs in verification model remains complicated for it may not only create a large amount of redundant data but reduce the model accuracy. To this end, we propose an improved convolutional neural network whose verification model learns similarity by the distance between a training example and its center in favor of that of two examples so that no more sampling needed. Experimental results show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance compared with other leading methods on the benchmark datasets such as Market-1501 and CUHK03.
Subacute bacterial endocarditis in children. Current status.

The hospital records of children with subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) in the years 1964 through 1970 were studied to provide current figures for incidence and mortality of SBE. The incidence was approximately 0.40 per 1,000 hospital admissions; only one of 11 died. A survey of families attending the pediatric cardiology clinic was undertaken to assess parental knowledge of SBE and its prophylaxis. Less than 50% of families knew of SBE precautions, and even fewer understood why prophylaxis was indicated. We present a program to improve the education of families regarding SBE and a current approach to prophylaxis.
A novel method for analysis of EM scattering from objects within half space

An efficient method for analysis of electromagnetic scattering from three-dimensional objects straddling the interface of a half space has been presented. The analysis of scattering from objects within a half space has been equivalent to the analysis of scattering from composite dielectric objects in free space to enhance the computational efficiency. Different from the traditional method, the Green's function of free space has been used to calculate the field scattering from objects instead of the Green's functions of half space. Moreover, when the relative permittivity of the background material is really high contrast to the free space, an effective formulation for dielectrics has been developed to achieve a uniform discretization system to increase the iteration efficiency and improve the results accuracy. Numerical results have been presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method.
p73 Interacts with c-Myc to Regulate Y-box-binding Protein-1 Expression*

YB-1 is a member of the cold shock domain family of proteins that is important for signaling DNA damage and cell proliferation. YB-1 is induced by DNA damage and can also recognize cisplatin-modified DNA. In this study we observed a 6-fold increase in the steady-state level of YB-1 mRNA in response to cisplatin exposure in cells of the human cancer cell line KB. We present evidence from cotransfection experiments for a critical role of c-Myc and p73 in the transactivation of the YB-1 promoter. p73 transactivated the YB-1 promoter in experiments with Saos-2 cells, which express c-Myc, but not with HO15.19 cells, which lack c-Myc. In turn, c-Myc transactivated an intact YB-1 promoter but not a YB-1 promoter with a mutant E-box, indicating that the E-box is necessary for the response of the promoter to cisplatin. We also found that p73 interacts with c-Myc in vitro and in vivo. Using deletion mutants we showed that the DNA-binding domain of p73 and the C-terminal region of c-Myc are required for the interaction. Furthermore, p73 stimulated the interaction of Max with c-Myc and promoted binding of the c-Myc-Max complex to its target DNA. Our data suggest that p73 stimulates the transcription of the YB-1 promoter by enhancing recruitment of the c-Myc-Max complex to the E-box.
Techniques for outcomes research in chronic sinusitis

Accurate assessment of patient outcome after sinus surgery requires the collection of valid and reliable data. Symptom‐based surveys were administered in a prospective manner to 104 patients with chronic sinusitis, Test‐retest reliability for the Chronic Sinusitis Survey based on duration of symptoms (0.86, P<.0001) was superior to that for a similar survey based on severity of symptoms (0.57, P<.0001). Results of the Chronic Sinusitis Survey also correlated significantly with subscales of a general health assessment in the extent to which chronic sinusitis limits physical activity (0.40, P<.01), interferes with work or other activities (0.36, P<.01), and affects patient perception of bodily pain (0.46, P<.001). The Chronic Sinusitis Survey is an efficient and reliable method to follow health status and health‐related quality of life outcomes in patients with chronic sinusitis.
Review and Meta‐analysis of HIV Prevention Intervention Research for Heterosexual Adult Populations in the United States

Summary: A meta‐analysis was performed to examine the effects of 14 behavioral and social interventions for heterosexual adults on their adoption of safer sex behaviors or incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The intervention studies were identified through a systematic search and review strategy. Data were extracted and combined by using well‐defined methods and appropriate statistical techniques. For inclusion in this article, studies had to be based in the United States, written in English, first reported between 1988 and 1996, and aimed at reducing sex‐related HIV risks. In addition to measuring behavioral or STD incidence outcomes, studies also had used experimental or quasi‐experimental designs with control or comparison groups and reported sufficient outcome data to allow calculation of odds ratios. The meta‐analytic results show statistically significant effects in reducing sex‐related risks (10 studies; odds ratio [OR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69‐0.95), particularly non‐use of condoms (8; OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53‐0.90). The interventions also had significant effects in reducing STD infections (6 studies; OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62‐0.89). These analyses indicate that science‐based prevention interventions have positive effects among populations at risk through heterosexual transmission and that these positive effects are found with biologic and self‐reported behavioral measures.
Tumour targeting by microtubule-depolymerising vascular disrupting agents

Low molecular weight vascular disrupting agents of the microtubule depolymerising family cause marked and selective disruption of the established tumour blood vessel network, resulting in tumour cell necrosis. The combretastatins are members of this family and these, together with several other related compounds, have undergone extensive preclinical testing and are now in clinical trials for cancer. Potentially, vascular disrupting agents can also interfere with angiogenesis and constitute a very promising group of novel cancer drugs. In vitro analysis of their signalling activities points to the endothelial cytoskeleton as being their major target and a key player in the events that culminate in vascular collapse. As more of these agents progress into the clinical setting, more research in this area is warranted in order to decipher exact mechanisms responsible for vascular disruption and to understand the reasons for drug selectivity for the tumour vasculature. This information is essential in order to identify new targets within the tumour vasculature and to improve present therapies.
Changing Paradigms in Breast Cancer Management: Introducing Molecular Genetics into the Treatment Algorithm

Advances in molecular genetics aimed at individualizing breast cancer treatment have been validated. We examined the use of gene assays predictive of distant recurrence in breast cancer and their impact on adjuvant treatment. A retrospective chart review of 58 T1/T2, node-negative, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer patients that underwent Oncotype DX gene assay testing between January and December 2006 was performed. We compared treatment received after gene assay evaluation to treatment based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Patients were grouped using these recommendations: Low-risk group (T1a/T1b), no chemotherapy; High-risk group (T1c/T2), chemotherapy. Oncotype DX recommendations are as follows: Low recurrence risk, no chemotherapy; high recurrence risk, chemotherapy. A change in management was defined as chemotherapy for T1a/T1b disease and no chemotherapy for T1c/T2 disease. Two T1a/T1b patients had high risk of recurrence per gene assay scores and were treated with chemotherapy (P < 0.05). Eighteen T1c/T2 patients had low recurrence risk scores; 13 (72%) were spared chemotherapy. The recurrence score increased the number of patients classified as low risk of recurrence by 12 per cent and downstaged 63 per cent of high-risk patients (P < 0.003). Gene assay results changed management in 15 of 58 (26%) patients (P < 0.05). The use of gene assays allowed us to better tailor treatment in a significant number of our patients.
What Is Driving the Growth in Medical Tourism?

The current study directly surveyed consumers on their experiences and consideration of medical tourism to test the variables thought to impact medical tourism. The sample was deployed to qSample's international traveler panel. The survey was completed by 68.5% of participants. Over a third of the respondents said they had considered medical tourism; 15% had actually traveled to another country for medical care. Dental treatment was named most often as the type of treatment pursued in another country. Cost was mentioned most frequently as the reason for medical tourism. Prior international travel emerged as an important factor.
The mid‐domain effect applied to elevational gradients: species richness of small mammals in Costa Rica

Aim The objective of this study was to comprehensively document and examine the alpha and gamma patterns of species richness in non‐volant, small mammals (rodents, shrews and mouse opossums) along a tropical elevational gradient. These data were used to determine the support for existing hypotheses of species richness encompassing mid‐domain null models, as well as climatic, and community overlap hypotheses.
Surface enamel remineralization: biomimetic apatite nanocrystals and fluoride ions different effects

A new method for altered enamel surface remineralization has been proposed. To this aim carbonate-hydroxyapatite nanocrystals which mimic for composition, structure, nanodimensions, and morphology dentine apatite crystals and resemble closely natural apatite chemical-physical properties have been used The results underline the differences induced by the use of fluoride ions and hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in contrasting the mechanical abrasions and acid attacks to which tooth enamel is exposed. Fluoride ions generate a surface modification of the natural enamel apatite crystals increasing their crystallinity degree and relative mechanical and acid resistance. On the other hand, the remineralization produced by carbonate-hydroxyapatite consists in a deposition of a new apatitic mineral into the eroded enamel surface scratches. A new biomimetic mineral coating, which progressively fills and shadows surface scratches, covers and safeguards the enamel structure by contrasting the acid and bacteria attacks.