Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Correct Equation for the Current Through Voltage-Dependent Capacitors

Two different equations for the current through voltage-dependent capacitances are used in the literature. One equation is obtained from the time derivative of charge that is considered as capacitance–voltage product: <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it dQ/dt=d[C(V)V]/dt=C(V)[dV/dt]+V[dC(V)/dt]. }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> In the second equation, the term <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it V[dC(V)/dt]}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> does not exist: <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it dQ/dt=} {\it C(V)[dV/dt]}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. This paper clears the ongoing confusion caused by the difference between these two equations. We use the voltage-dependent parasitic capacitance of a commercial Schottky diode in reverse bias mode to test experimentally both equations. The result is that it is incorrect to add the term <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it V[dC(V)/dt]}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the first equation with the measured capacitance. We also perform a theoretical analysis, which shows that the differential capacitance, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it C(V)=dQ/dV}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, in the correct current equation corresponds to the physical parameters of the diode capacitance.
Analysis of Maximum Output of Offshore Wind Power in ZS Power Grid Considering Voltage Stability

After the ZS five-terminal flexible DC transmission demonstration project in Zhejiang Province put into operation, the stability characteristics of ZS Power Grid have been changed. Based on the ZS equivalent grid with flexible DC connection for offshore wind power, the maximum output of offshore wind power considering voltage stability is analyzed in this paper. The details are as follows: Firstly, based on the conventional system equivalent method, the ZS Power Grid is equivalent to a small system with the same grid structure, thus simplifying the research object. Secondly, the branch voltage stability indexes are briefly introduced, and their adaptabilities to the equivalent grid are verified. Finally, based on the branch voltage stability index, the maximum output of the wind farm considering voltage stability is given.
Oral Processing Behavior of Diana Monkeys (Cercopithecus diana) in Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire

Primates are hypothesized to “fall back” on challenging-to-process foods when preferred foods are less available. Such dietary shifts may be accompanied by changes in oral processing behavior argued to be selectively important. Here, we examine the oral processing behavior of Diana monkeys (Cercopithecus diana) in the Taï Forest across their dietary breadth, testing relationships among food intake, fruit availability, preference, and oral processing behaviors including those involved in food ingestion and breakdown. We conducted 1,066 focal follows from April 2016 to September 2017 documenting frequencies of incisor, canine, and cheek tooth mastications (i.e., chews) per ingestive action (n = 11,906 feeding events). We used phenological survey and scan sample data collected between 2004 and 2009 to examine dietary preference and food availability. Our analyses show that Diana monkeys processed foods in significantly different ways (H2 = 360.8, p < 0.001), with invertebrates requiring the least oral processing, fruit requiring intermediate amounts, and leaves requiring the most oral processing. There was no relationship between fruit availability and consumption of preferred or nonpreferred fruits (p > 0.05); however, preferred fruits were processed with significantly fewer mastications (i.e., less chewing) than nonpreferred fruits (U = 6,557, p < 0.001). We thus demonstrate that, when preferred foods are scarce, Diana monkeys do not fall back on difficult-to-process foods. Changes in processing profiles occurred throughout the year and not solely when preferred foods were in short supply. Though preferred fruits required less processing than nonpreferred fruits, we found no relationship between fruit preference and fruit availability. Diana monkeys’ lack of readily identifiable fallback foods may be attributable to the relatively high tree diversity and productivity of the Taï Forest. We conclude that Diana monkeys engage in resource switching, consuming a relatively easy-to-process diet year-round.
The Effect of Rust Infection on Reproduction in a Tropical Tree (Faramea occidentalis) 1

Fungal pathogens that infect reproductive structures of plants (e.g., flowers and fruits) can reduce the seed production and seedling recruitment of host plants. We report here on the effects of a rust, Aecidium farameae, that infects the ovaries and pedicels of mature flowers on Faramea occidentalis (Ruhiaceae), a small tree common on Barro Colorado Island, Republic of Panama. Rust infection of ovaries reduced the number of maturing fruit on infected trees. Trees with low rust incidence in June of 1992 had 68 percent fruit survival, compared to 17 percent fruit survival for those with high rust incidence. Infected fruits developed abnormally and were usually aborted long before uninfected fruits were mature. One hundred percent of the infected ovaries marked in July were diseased or missing in August. We conclude that infection by A. farameae has the potential to seriously decrease the reproductive output of Faramea occidentalis and may represent an important source of variation in the relative fitness of individual plants.
Numeracy and memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes depicted on cigarette warning labels.

OBJECTIVE Greater numeracy is associated with higher likelihood to quit smoking. We examined whether numeracy supports learning of numeric health-risk information and, in turn, greater risk perceptions and quit intentions. METHOD Adult smokers (N = 696) viewed text warnings with numeric risk information four times each in one of three warning-label types (text-only, low-emotion pictorial [i.e., with image], high-emotion pictorial). They completed posttest measures immediately or 6 weeks later. Emotional reactions to warnings were reported the second time participants viewed the warnings. Numeracy, memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes, risk perceptions, and quit intentions were assessed postexposures. RESULTS Memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes depended on warning-label type and posttest timing. Consistent with memory-consolidation theory, memory for high- versus low-emotion labels was lower immediately, but declined less for high-than low-emotion labels. Label memory was similar between conditions at 6 weeks. Numeracy predicted overall superior memory (especially for risk probabilities) controlling for health literacy and education. It also indirectly predicted greater risk perceptions and quit intentions via memory. In exploratory analyses, however, the superior recall of risk probabilities of smoking among those higher in numeracy was associated with lower risk perceptions. CONCLUSIONS Numeracy is associated with superior risk memory, which relates to greater risk perceptions and quit intentions. More numerate and educated smokers may be better able to quit due to their superior learning of smoking's risks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Comparative Studies of Anti-microbial Activity of Turmeric and Selected Medicinal Plant Leaf Extracts Used in Indian Traditional Medicine

The present study aimed at evaluating and comparing the in vitro antimicrobial activity of 10 medicinal plants used in traditional and homemade medicines: Curcuma longa, Azadiracta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Adathoda vasica, Polygala grineris, Cynodon dactylon, Solanum nigrum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Phylanthus niruri, and Acalypa indica. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria Serratia marcesens, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebshiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyrogens, and Staphylococcus aureus and two pathogenic fungi—Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger—were tested on the leaf extracts. The methanolic extracts were tested at two concentrations for microbial susceptibility. Assays were done using agar well diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration for samples showing growth inhibition. All extracts inhibited the growth of S. pyrogens. Among the plant extracts tested, P. niruri showed the greatest inhibitory action.
A Quality Framework for Evaluating Grammatical Structure of User Stories to Improve External Quality

The quality assessment is an essential step in the software development process; it takes place previous and after the development. Internal quality is a set of characteristics from an internal approach in the software such as requirements, UML diagrams, and the code. These characteristics are constant during the software life cycle. The external quality metrics are the ones that require the end product and, in many cases, the users involvement. Several authors stated that the external quality of the product is related to the assurance of the internal quality of the project. For that reason, this study proposes a framework for assessing the internal quality of user stories to improve the external quality of the project deliveries. The internal quality assessment is based on the grammatical structure of the user stories, and the external quality considers the functionality and usability of the product deliveries. The experiment for validating the framework was conducted with 19 developers considering three different projects which gathered 46 user stories. The findings suggest that the presence of adjectives in user stories improves the usability and the correctness of the product is related to the developer’s experience.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF LEAVES OF ACALYPHA RACEMOSA

Phytochemical studies on the powdered leaves of Acalypha racemosa revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenes. Antimicrobial activities of cold water, hot water and methanolic extracts were studied against standard organisms (E. coli NCTC 10418, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571) and a clinical isolate (Candida albicans). The cold-water extract showed better antibacterial activity than the hot water and methanolic extracts. Similarly, S. aureus was more susceptible than E. coli, but Candida albicans was completely resistant to the extracts. The cold-water extract showed activity with MIC range from 3.0mg/ml (against S. aureus) to 4.0mg/ml (E.coli) for cold water and 7.0mg/ml for the two isolates (methanolic extract). The MBC of the cold-water extract (6.0mg/ml) was able to cause 2-log cycle reduction of cell population in 90 minutes Key Words: Acalypha racemosa, Euphorbiaceae, Antimicrobial, rate of kill. Nig. J. Nat Prod. And Med. Vol.4 2000: 67-69
Nighttime Depression Episodes Classification using a Formal Method: Knowledge Discovery in Databases

Depression is a disease that affects 7.5 % percent of global disability. Depression is now-days a common disorder that affects the state of mind and produces sleep disorders. Around 50% of depressive patients suffer from sleep disturbances. In this work, a data mining process to classified depressive and not depressive episodes during nighttime is carried out based on a formal method of data mining called Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). This process guides the process of data mining with stages well established: Pre-KDD, Selection, Pre-processing, Transformation, Data Mining, Evaluation, and Post-KDD. The dataset used for this paper is DEPRESJON dataset which contains the motor activity of 23 unipolar and bipolar depressed patients and 32 healthy controls. The classification of depressive and not depressive episodes is deployed with the Random Forest method and a model constructed of 8 features. Results on specificity are equal to 0.9927 and sensitivity equal to 0.9991.
Submerged Macrophytes in Lake Ontario: Current Knowledge, Importance, Threats to Stability, and Needed Studies

The submerged limnetic community in Lake Ontario includes algae, bryophytes, and about 30 species of angiosperms. Their distribution is accurately known in some areas but not lake-wide, and a whole-lake survey is recommended. In nutrient cycling, submergents act as sinks during the summer; metals and metalloids occur in high concentrations in tissues from some areas. Known herbivores include invertebrates, fish, and waterfowl. Stands are necessary for many fish taxa as breeding or nursery habitats, and for waterfowl, but may be damaged by carp (Cyprinus carpio). Stability has been affected by water levels, sedimentation, wave and ice movement, invasive species, herbivory, eutrophication and turbidity, and contaminants. Recovery after control of P loading has occurred in Irondequoit Bay but is delayed by turbidity in the Bay of Quinte.
Promotion of Plant Growth by Bacterial ACC Deaminase

To date, there has been only limited commercial use of plant growth-promoting bacteria in agriculture, horticulture, and silviculture. However, with recent progress toward understanding the mechanisms that these organisms utilize to facilitate plant growth, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria is expected to continue to increase worldwide. One of the key mechanisms employed by plant growth-promoting bacteria to facilitate plant growth is the lowering of plant ethylene levels by the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. This article reviews the published work on this enzyme, with an emphasis on its biochemistry, protein structure, genes, and regulation. In addition, this article provides some initial insights into the changes in both plants and ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting bacteria as a consequence of plant-microbe interactions. Finally, a brief discussion of how bacterial ACC deaminase and indoleacetic acid (IAA) together modulate plant growth and development is included.
Multi-Responsive Lanthanide-Based Hydrogel with Encryption, Naked Eye Sensing, Shape Memory, Self-Healing, and Antibacterial Activity.

In this work, we reported a multi-responsive luminescent hydrogel with properties of encryption, naked eye sensing of glucose, shape memory, self-healing, and antibacterial activity. The hydrogel (GA/CCS/DNSA/Eu3+) was obtained by mixing phenylboronic acid-modified gelatin (GA-DBA), catechol-modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CCS-PCA), 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), and Eu3+ ions through a facile heating-cooling process. The resultant hydrogel exhibits reversible luminescence, color, and phase changes in response to temperature, acid/base, salt, and redox stimuli. Based on the multiple responsiveness, information encryption and decryption, naked eye sensing of glucose, remarkable shape memory, as well as enhanced mechanical property of as-prepared hydrogel were realized. In addition, the self-healing capacity was also achieved due to the dynamic bonds in GA/CCS/DNSA/Eu3+ hydrogels. Specifically, the GA/CCS/DNSA/Eu3+ hydrogels possesse antibacterial activity owing to the bacteriostasis of CCS-PCA and DNSA/Eu3+ complex. Thus GA/CCS/DNSA/Eu3+ hydrogels have potential applications in the fields of anti-counterfeiting, wearable devices, biomedicine, sensing etc.
Creontiades pallidus (Rambur) (Miridae, Hemiptera), a pest on cotton along the Euphrates river and its effect on yield and control action threshold in the Syrian Arab Republic

Abstract The importance of Creontiades pallidus (Rambur) as a pest of cotton grown along the Euphrates river in Syria, was evaluated during 1979 to 1983. Cotton plants grown in cages and exposed to large numbers of the species suffered a yield loss of 54.3%. In field trials, shedding of fruiting bodies was significantly higher in locations with large populations of C. pallidus than in areas where infestations were low. A mean population level of seven specimens per 50 sweeps, from early July till mid‐August, resulted in a yield loss of 50.4%. Control is recommended when C. pallidus reaches a level of seven specimens per 50 sweeps in June or July, but control is not justified when this pest is found in August or later.
FG repeats facilitate integral protein trafficking to the inner nuclear membrane

The mechanism for nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of integral membrane proteins is poorly understood compared to transport of soluble molecules. We recently demonstrated that at least four distinct mechanisms can contribute to transport of integral proteins through the peripheral channels of the nuclear pore complex. One of these requires having multiple phenylalanine-glycine (FG) pairings on the integral protein. It also requires the nuclear pore complex protein Nup35, which separately contains FG repeats. FG-repeats on nuclear pore complex proteins in the central channel have been proposed to interact with FGs on transport receptors to facilitate transport of soluble proteins. Here we show that FG repeats occur quite frequently in both transmembrane and soluble proteins identified in multiple separate proteomic analyses of nuclear envelopes. We postulate that the FG repeats enable these proteins to function as their own transport receptors.
Phenology of canopy trees of a tropical deciduous forest in México.

Our study focuses on a site of very low rainfall but exceptionally high diversity of woody plants, and describes events at the ecosystem, community, and population levels. We attempt to lead to some understanding of functions and consequences; to evaluate the generality of community patterns proposed from strudied at other sites; and, to make specific hypotheses and background available to other disciplines
Die pelagischen Ostracoden der MARCHILE I‐Expedition (Südost‐Pazifik), I: Verbreitung, Zoogeographie und Bedeutung als Indikatoren für Wasserkörper. (Crust., Ostracoda: Myodocopida)

Abstract The pelagic Ostracods of the MARCHILE I‐Expedition were studied from samples collected during February and March 1960 off the Chilean coast between 30° S and 42° S. The study area in the Peru‐Chile Coastal Current had a length of more than 1500 km and a breadth of 250 km. The upper 200 m (Epipelagial) consisted of five water masses characterized by different values of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. Two of these water masses were associated with zones of upwelling. The horizontal spatial distributions of six very abundant species are uniquely associated with specific water masses, as follows: Subtropical Surface Water and Porroecia porrecta pacifica. Antiboreal Water (=Subantarctic Surface Water) and Orthoconchoecia haddoni marchilensis. Low Salinity Water and Conchoecia lophura lissoides. Equatorial Subsurface Water (=Gunther Current) and Conchoecetta giesbrechti giesbrechti. Subantarctic Subsurface Water and Pseudoconchoecia serrulata. Upwelling areas of Antiboreal Water and Orthoco.
Traditional Features of Russian Political Culture in Their Current Perspective

English translation © 2007 M.E. Sharpe, Inc., from the Russian text © 2006 the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the author. “Traditsionnye cherty rossiiskoi politicheskoi kul’tury v ikh sovremennom prelomlenii,” Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost’, 2006, no. 3, pp. 67–74. Leonid Aleksandrovich Sedov is a candidate of historical sciences and lead science associate at the Iurii Levada Analytical Center (Levada Center). Translated by Kim Braithwaite. Russian Social Science Review, vol. 48, no. 6, November–December 2007, pp. 47–63. © 2007 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSN 1061-1428/2007 $9.50 + 0.00. DOI 10.2753/SOR1061-0154460402
Application of ATR-FT-MIR for Tracing the Geographical Origin of Honey Produced in the Maltese Islands

Maltese honey has been produced, marketed, and sold as an exclusive local gourmet food product for countless years. Yet, thus far, no study has evaluated the individuality of this local food product. The evaluation of the parameters and properties which characterise the provenance and floral source of honey have been the subject of various studies worldwide, owing to the price and potential beneficial properties of this food product. Models analysing the potential of attenuated total reflection mid-infrared (ATR-FT-MIR) spectroscopy in discriminating and classifying local honey from that of foreign origin were investigated using 21 Maltese honey samples and 49 honey samples collected from abroad (Sicily, Greece, Sweden, Italy, France, Estonia and other samples of mixed geographical origin). Through a combination of spectroscopic techniques, spectral transformations, variable selection and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), chemometric models which successfully classified the provenance of local and non-local honey were developed. The results of these models were also corroborated with other classification and pattern recognition techniques, such as linear discriminate analysis (LDA), support vector machines (SVM) and feed-forward artificial neural networks (FF-ANN).
Tear Osmolarity and Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 in Dry Eye Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome

Purpose To evaluate the correlations between tear osmolarity and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and dry eye (DE) indices in patients with DE associated with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Methods Sixty-three patients with DE associated with SS who underwent tear analysis were included. DE tests performed were ocular surface disease index, tear break-up time, Schirmer's test, ocular staining score, and tear osmolarity and MMP-9 tests. Correlations between tear osmolarity and DE indices, differences between patients with abnormal and normal tear osmolarity, and those between positive and negative MMP-9 patients were analyzed. Patients were classified into four groups according to tear osmolarity and MMP-9 results, and between-group differences were analyzed (group 1: abnormal tear osmolarity, MMP-9 positive; group 2: abnormal tear osmolarity, MMP-9 negative; group 3: normal tear osmolarity, MMP-9 positive; group 4: normal tear osmolarity, MMP-9 negative). Results Mean age of patients was 54.2 ± 13.9 years, and 96.2% were female. Thirty-five patients had abnormal tear osmolarity and 40 patients were MMP-9 positive. DE indices differed between groups with abnormal and normal tear osmolarity (p < 0.01), but not between positive and negative MMP-9 groups. There were 22 patients in group 1, 13 in group 2, 18 in group 3, and 10 in group 4. Compared to group 4, tear break-up time was shorter in groups 1 (p < 0.01) and 2 (p = 0.02). Schirmer's test values in group 1 were lower than those in group 4 (p = 0.03). Ocular staining score was higher in groups 1 (p < 0.01) and 2 (p < 0.05) than in group 4. Conclusions Tear osmolarity was correlated with ocular surface indices in DE associated with SS. Combination of tear osmolarity and MMP-9 test results may be helpful to determine the severity of DE associated with SS.
Proximate composition, amino acid, mineral, and trace element content of the edible muscle of 20 indian fish species

Abstract The edible muscle tissue of 17 marine fish (seer, hilsa, anchovy, pomfret black, Jew fish, mullet, mackerel, congereel, pomfret white, trevally, pink perch, lesser sardine, threadfins, Bombay duck, giant perch, shark, and catfish) and 3 freshwater fish (murrel, rohu, and catla) were analyzed for their mineral, trace element, amino acid, and proximate compositions. Wide variation between species in protein content (marine, 8–21%; freshwater, 13.5–17.3%) and fat content (marine, 0.7–14.7%; freshwater 0.6–1.3%) was observed. The amino acid composition showed that all fish studied were balanced with respect to essential amino acids. Marine and freshwater fish were comparable in their mineral and trace element compositions except for iodine. Marine species were relatively rich in iodine (6.8–97.1 μg/ 100 g) whereas freshwater fish had lower iodine levels (5–15.5 μg/100 g). The content per 100 g muscle was 4.7–51.4 mg Ca, 116–312 mg P, 29–54.3 mg Mg, 0.5–1.8 mg Fe, 1.1–3.2 mg Zn, 22.3–106.9 μg Cu, 9.7–79.7 μg Mn, and 15.8–69.3 μg Cr.