Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CATEGORIZATION OF INSITU BREAST CARCINOMA BASED ON MORPHOLOGY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

BACKGROUND: The distinction between lobular neoplasia of the breast and ductal carcinoma insitu has important therapeutic implications. In some cases, it is very difficult to determine whether the morphology of the lesion is ductal or lobular. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of E-cadherin and β-catenin expression through the immune phenotypical characterization of carcinoma insitu with mixed pattern (CISM). METHODS: A total of 25 cases of CISM were analyzed considering cytology/mixed architecture (ductal and lobular), nuclear pleomorphism, loss of cell cohesion, and presence of comedonecrosis. The immunophenotype pattern was considered E-cadherin positive and β-catenin positive, or negative. RESULTS: Nineteen (76%) cases presented a mixed cytology and/ or architectural pattern, two (8%) presented nuclear pleomorphism, two (8%) presented mixed cytology and nuclear pleomorphism, and two (8%) presented comedonecrosis and nuclear pleomorphism. A complete positivity for E-cadherin and β- catenin was observed in 11cases (44%). In one case, the lesion was negative for both markers and showed nuclear pleomorphism. Thirteen lesions showed negative staining in areas of lobular cytology and positive staining in cells presenting the ductal pattern. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin, combined with cytological and architectural analysis, may highlight different immunophenotypes and improve classification of CISM.
Effect of high pressure on the crystal structure and charge transport properties of the (2-fluoro-3-pyridyl)(4-iodophenyl)borinic 8-oxyquinolinate complex

The crystal and molecular structure of (2-fluoro-3-pyridyl)(4-iodophenyl)borinic 8-oxyquinolinate has been determined at room temperature at pressures ranging from ambient to 4.9 GPa in approximately 1 GPa steps. The crystal structure symmetry is conserved during the compression while the a, b and c unit cell dimensions were compressed by 7.5%, 8.0% and 6.9%, respectively. The crystal cell volume decreased by 19.4%. The analysis of the compression of the crystal was supported by computational results obtained with the PASCAL code. They proved that the crystal compression proceeds almost isotropically. A combination of Hirshfeld surface analysis and PIXEL calculations indicated the formation of multiple new contacts involving fluorine⋯fluorine and iodine⋯π-density. Energies of interactions calculated for the observed motifs present in the crystal were rationalized on the basis of contacts observed for these motifs. Further analysis based on the Marcus model was performed to trace the possible changes in the charge transport properties of the crystal. The analysis showed that electron and hole transport properties are not affected in the same way by the compression. However, hydrostatic pressure did not affect which charge transport (electron or hole) is the dominant one for this material.
NONLINEAR MONETARY POLICY REACTION WITH ASYMMETRIC CENTRAL BANK PREFERENCES: SOME EVIDENCE FOR KOREA

The paper considers asymmetric central bank preferences and nonlinear AS curve in the monetary policy reaction function to examine nonlinear property of monetary policy rules. The optimal monetary policy rules are derived in a new Keynesian macroeconomic framework where the central bank has the asymmetric objective function. The derived reaction function explains the nonlinearr eaction to the inflation gap and the output gap. The nonlinearr eaction function is applied to explain the determination of the interest rate in Korea for the sample peroid of inflation targeting September 1998 to December 2005. The empirical evidence supports that the objective of the central bank is asymmetric in inflation management. The evidence of asymmetric reaction to the output gap is relatively weak. The empirical analysis reveals that the central bank responds strongly to the positive inflation gap compared to the negative inflation gap.
Integrated Model of Joint Residence-Workplace Location Choice and Commute Behavior Using Latent Class and Mixed Logit Methods

With the rapid development of urbanization and motorization, urban commute trips are becoming increasingly serious due to the unbalanced distribution of residence and workplace land-use types in most Chinese cities. To explore the inherent interrelations among residence location, workplace, and commute trip, an integrated model framework of joint residence-workplace location choice and commute behavior is put forward based on the personal trip survey data of Beijing in 2005. First, to extract households’ different choice characteristics, this paper presents a latent class model, clusters all households into several groups, and analyzes the conditional probability of each group. Second, the paper integrates the residence location and workplace together as the joint choice alternative, employs the socioeconomic factors, individual attributes, household attributes, and trip characteristics as explanatory variables, and formulates the joint residence-workplace location choice model using mixed logit method. Estimations of the latent class model show that four latent groups fit the data best. Further results of the joint residence-workplace location choice model indicate that there exist significantly different choice characteristics in each latent group. Generally, the integrated model framework outperforms traditional location choice methods.
A Route Less Traveled: Principals’ Perceptions of Alternative Licensed CTE Teachers

The shortage of teachers prepared to teach career and technical education (CTE) courses, or willing to work in certain locations (e.g. inner city, rural), has motivated the desire to explore solutions such as alternative routes to teacher licensure (ARL). Most ARL programs bypass colleges of education and provide a different approach to preparing individuals to teach, leaving many to wonder about the quality and knowledge of these teachers. Specific areas, such as CTE, have seen a large influx of ARL teachers in recent years. We sought to determine school principals’ perceptions of ARL CTE teachers. We found principal support for ARL teachers as well as perceptions of a lack of preparation and effectiveness when compared to traditionally-prepared teachers. We also found differences in perceptions of ARL teachers by the principals’ school level and school SES level.
Are we really seeing the big picture? Some reflections on the current debates in evolutionary biology

After more than one hundred fifty years of the publication of On the Origin of Species by Darwin, scientists are still arguing on the relative importance of mutation and natural selection, on the driving force of organismal evolution, on microevo- lution and macroevolution, etc. Such periodically repeated debates appeared to have introduced more chaos than musings. What happened and why? Have we really considered our views, opinions and arguments under the big picture of evolution before pos- ing the questions? Or are we talking past each other? We do need some reflections. While we believe that the current evolutionary theory is doing fine, perhaps a refinement or re-encapsulation of its knowledge framework can help promote a better understand- ing of the evolutionary science as a whole and blow off the mist over the big picture (Current Zoology 61 (1): 217-220, 2015 ). Keywords Mutation-driven evolution, Development-driven evolution, Macroevolution-driven evolution, Evo-Devo, Natural selection, Tool-kit genes, Hox genes Six years ago, scientists world-wide celebrated the one hundred fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species; and this historic publication has become unquestionably "the most im- portant book of science ever written" (Wilson, 2009). Evolution as a thought has penetrated almost every as- pect of human exercises. Can Darwin now finally feel reassured? Probably not, given the mushrooming one upon another of criticisms and debates on the key tenets of evolutionary theory over the last ten years, including the very issue of natural selection which is the backbone of Darwin's and modern evolutionary theory. Then, have we really considered our views, opinions and ar- guments under the big picture of evolution before pos- ing the questions?
Comprehension of workplace safety signs: A case study in Shiraz industrial park

Received: May 2013, Accepted: March 2014 Background: Safety signs provide information as well as instructions concerning the hazard or dangers in the workplace. The correct comprehension of these signs is very important for doing the necessary feedback in the specific situation which are described. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the comprehension of 10 selected safety signs were investigated in 53 randomly selected employees of an industrial company in Shiraz. The comprehension test was carried out with the aid of a standard questionnaire obtained from ISO 9186-1:2007. Results: In this study the mean comprehension scores of the tested signs were 65.95 percent with standard deviation if 28.7. The highest and lowest comprehension scores were for “use hearing protectors” and “biological hazard” respectively. The comprehension of 40 percent of the tested safety signs was lower than the minimum acceptable values of ISO 3864 and ANSI Z535.3 standards. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a significant difference in comprehensions of tested safety signs. For full comprehension of safety signs it is necessary to train the employees or add supplementary texts to the symbols in some cases.
Readiness for innovative activity as important professional competence of new generation engineer

Qualitative training of an engineer with professional competence, capable to innovative activity, socially responsible, mobile, ready for continuous professional growth acquires special significance and relevance. The discrepancy between the level of skills and abilities formed by graduates and the level of real practical innovation environment leads to graduate unemployment, since university graduates are not in demand in innovation activities. Therefore, indispensable participation of students in scientific researches and development of real psychological and pedagogical problems become the main condition for the development of analytical, creative thinking. This, in its turn, contributes to the improvement of professional competence. As a result of this, human capital is formed, which is the main value of modern higher education.
The OECD Model Tax Treaty: Tax Competition And Two-Way Capital Flows

Model tax treaties do not require tax rate coordination, but do require that either credits or exemptions be applied to repatriated earnings. This contradicts recent models with a single capital exporter where deductions are most efficient. I incorporate the fact that capital flows are typically bilateral. With symmetric countries, credits by both is the unique and efficient treaty equilibrium. This equilibrium weakly dominates the nontreaty equilibrium. With asymmetric countries, the treaty need not offer improvements without tax harmonization. With harmonization, it is always possible to reach efficient capital allocations while increasing both countries' welfares only if neither uses deductions. Copyright 2003 By The Economics Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of Social And Economic Research Association.
Towards a synchronization theory of microwave-induced zero-resistance states

We develop a synchronization theory for the dynamics of two-dimensional electrons under a perpendicular magnetic field and microwave irradiation showing that dissipative effects can lead to the synchronization of the cyclotron phase with the driving microwave phase at certain resonant ratios between microwave and cyclotron frequencies. We demonstrate two important consequences of this effect: the stabilization of skipping orbits along the sample edges and the trapping of the electrons on localized short-ranged impurities. We then discuss how these effects influence the transport properties of ultrahigh-mobility two-dimensional electron gas and propose mechanisms by which they lead to microwave-induced zero-resistance states. Our theoretical analysis shows that the classical electron dynamics along the edge and around circular disk impurities is well described by the Chirikov standard map providing a unified formalism for those two rather different cases. We argue that this work will provide the foundations for a full quantum synchronization theory of zero-resistance states for which a fully microscopic detailed theory still should be developed.
Vojta’s refinement of the subspace theorem

Vojta's refinement of the Subspace Theorem says that given linearly independent linear forms Lx, . , Ln in n variables with algebraic coeffi- cients, there is a finite union U of proper subspaces of Q" , such that for any g > 0 the points x e Z"\{0} with (1) \Lx(x) ■ ■ ■ L"(x)\ 1 , then X'(e) C U. In the present paper it is shown that X'(e) is in fact constant when e lies outside a simply described finite set of rational numbers. More generally, let k be an algebraic number field and 5 a finite set of absolute values of k containing the archimedean ones. For v 6 S let L\, . ,Lvm be linear forms with coefficients in k , and for x e Â^"\{0} with -av^x)/dv height Hk(x) > 1 define avi(x) by |LV(^)|k/|jc|« = Hk(x) = where the dv are the local degrees. The approximation set A consists of tuples <t = {dvi) (v £ S, 1 %i% m) such that for every neighborhood O of a the points x with {aVj{x)} e O are dense in the subspace topology. Then A is a polyhedron whose vertices are rational points.
PVA/Graphene Nanocomposite: Morphology and its Thermal Properties

Graphene is known as a wonder materials that can be used to enhance the properties of nanocomposites. In this work, PVA/Graphene nanocomposite was fabricated using simple solution method. The photograph of the nanocomposite samples shown the transparency of the sample reduced as the graphene content increase. The photograph also shown the PVA and the modified graphene are miscible and compatible. The XRD of the samples proved the exfoliation of graphene in the nanocomposite and the result of the thermal property improvement for the sample is confirmed by the TGA.
Theoretical modeling and optimization of microchannel heat sink cooling with TiO2-water and ZnO-water nanofluids

Received: 28 November 2017 Accepted: 2 February 2018 This investigation intends to present a theoretical analysis, comparison and thermal optimization of a rectangular microchannel heat sink cooling by TiO2-water and ZnOWater nanofluids. Nanofluids at volume fractions of 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% are applied to evaluate and enhance the performance of the microchannel heat sinks. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) is used for optimizing the performance of heat sink. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the base fluid consequences to the reduction in thermal resistance with concurrent growth inthe pumping power. The reduction is thermal resistance is more intense for ZnO-water nanofluids than TiO2-water nanofluids (0.0000170 KmW with TiO2-water and 0.0000136 KmWwith ZnO-water at 8%volume fraction). However, the pumping power needed for both the nanofluids at different volume fractions are found to be same (0.53W for both fluids at 8% volume fraction). The diminution of thermal resistance at same pumping power makes ZnO-water nanofluids a potential candidate than TiO2-water nanofluids. Heat sink made with material of high thermal conductivity showed superior cooling performance. Additionally, for identical operative condition, both the nanofluids achieve quicker cooling performance than water. Consequently, nanofluids should be regarded as the future of the cooling agents for electronic cooling embarking excellence in the field of thermal optimization technology.
Is Certiorari Contingent on Litigant Behavior? Petitioners' Role in Strategic Auditing

Complementing the burgeoning literature on agenda setting on the Supreme Court of the United States, this article addresses a key question heretofore overlooked—Is the justices' choice to review a decision independent of the selection of cases for review by the litigants? We argue that the certiorari process cannot be modeled as an independent one; rather, it is inextricably linked with and essentially contingent on the behavior of litigants who bring the case to the Supreme Court. This dependence of the Court is important both at the level of theory and at the empirical level and ignoring it entails bias in the estimation process. Using an original database, which includes the universe of religion free exercise cases decided at the courts of appeals from 1968–2006, we find significant selection effects. Factors that influence decisions on certiorari are dependent on the behavior of petitioners and should be modeled as such.
φ-Features in Animal Cognition

This paper argues that the core φ-features behind grammatical person, number, and gender are widely used in animal cognition and are in no way limited to humans or to communication. Based on this, it is hypothesized (i) that the semantics behind φ-features were fixed long before primates evolved, (ii) that most go back as far as far as vertebrates, and (iii) that some are shared with insects and plants.
Assessing Regional Economic Impacts of Recreation Travel from Limited Survey Data

Regional economic impacts of public recreation facilities are caused by purchases made by households during trip production. Purchases are made near home, en route, or near the recreation site. Locations where en route purchases are made are particularly ill-defmed. Surveys that gather trip expenditure data usually only collect home and site locations and travel mileage, with no reference to the actual route taken to the recreation site or where en route purchases are made. The elliptic method uses current survey data to estimate the amount of en route purchases made in any location as a function of the likelihood of travel through that location. The purchase estimates are then aggregated at the level of c o d e s or groups of counties designated in the economic impact analysis.
Game Efficiency of Wheelchair Rugby Athletes at the 2008 Paralympic Games with Regard to Player Classification

Game Efficiency of Wheelchair Rugby Athletes at the 2008 Paralympic Games with Regard to Player ClassificationPurpose. The purpose of the study was to examine game efficiency of elite wheelchair rugby players in consideration of International Wheelchair Rugby Federation (IWRF) classification during the 2008 Paralympic Games played according to the old wheelchair rugby rules.Basic procedures. A group of 77 athletes representing 8 national teams participated in the study. Each team played 5 games for 32 min each. Athletes who played for more than 8 min in total at the 2008 Paralympics qualified for the study. The seven IWRF player point classes were collapsed into four groups. The game efficiency analysis was based on the IWRF Statistical Reports. The following six game efficiency parameters were analyzed: played time (T), sum of all points scored (PT), assist passes (AS), assist blocks (AB), turnovers (TO) and steals (ST). Main findings. The major finding of the study was that most differences in PT, AS, AB, TO and ST were found among all the examined groups (I-IV), except groups I and II. The played time (T) was not sensitive enough to identify significant differences among all the groups. This indicates that played time in the context of substitutions limited by classification point requirements does not reflect the differences between player classes.Conclusions. Generally, there was a tendency for highpoint class players to perform better. The study findings point to the importance of analysis of game efficiency of elite wheelchair rugby players with regard to their IWRF classification during tournaments played according to the new wheelchair rugby rules.
Deletion of the TPM1 and MDM20 Genes Affect theMechanical and Structural Properties of Yeast Cells

Many diseases including cancer are associated with a disorganised cytoskeleton. The process of characterising how cytoskeletal disorganisation affects the mechanical properties of cells offers the potential to develop new drugs and treatment regimes that may exploit mechanical weakness in cells and tissues. This work investigated the role of actin associated proteins, namely tropomyosin 1 (tpm1p) and mitochondrial distribution and morphology protein 20 (mdm20p), on the mechanical and morphological properties of yeast cells. For the first time it was shown that deletion of both the TPM1 and MDM20 genes resulted in a decrease in Young’s modulus when compared to the wild-type cells. The deletion strains appeared to have aberrant cell walls when compared to the wild-type strain and also appeared to have lost the characteristic elliptical morphology that is normally exhibited by yeast. Deletion of the TPM1 gene resulted in a significant increase in mean conjugate cell diameter when compared to the wild-type cells, however deletion of the MDM20 gene did not have any significant effect upon the mean conjugate diameter of the yeast cells.
Recent Evidence of Large-Scale Receding Snow Water Equivalents in the European Alps

AbstractSnow plays a critical role in the water cycle of many mountain regions and heavily populated areas downstream. In this study, changes of snow water equivalent (SWE) time series from long-term stations in five Alpine countries are analyzed. The sites are located between 500 and 3000 m above mean sea level, and the analysis is mainly based on measurement series from 1 February (winter) and 1 April (spring). The investigation was performed over different time periods, including the last six decades. The large majority of the SWE time series demonstrate a reduction in snow mass, which is more pronounced for spring than for winter. The observed SWE decrease is independent of latitude or longitude, despite the different climate regions in the Alpine domain. In contrast to measurement series from other mountain ranges, even the highest sites revealed a decline in spring SWE. A comparison with a 100-yr mass balance series from a glacier in the central Alps demonstrates that the peak SWEs have been on a re.
Effects of climate change on mangroves relevant to the Pacific Islands

Pacific island mangroves include the world’s centre of mangrove biodiversity in Papua New Guinea, and extend east through all countries and territories as far as the Marshall Islands and Samoa. Mangroves provide many values to local communities, however immense worldwide losses have occurred in the past century owing to human coastal development, including around urban centres in the Pacific islands. There is limited published information on the current health and status of Pacific island mangroves. Mangrove seaward edge retreat attributed to relative sea level rise has been shown by spatial analysis between 1961-2003 in American Samoa, long-term mangrove zone retreat landward has been shown from the tectonically subsiding coastlines of SW Papua and Tikina Wai, Fiji, and Micronesian mangrove substrates are not keeping up with relative sea level rise, all indicating future mangrove loss with accelerated rates. Future effects of climate change on Pacific island mangroves could include mangrove mortality during unusually dry periods, and devastating impacts from the higher rates of sea level rise that are projected. There is agreement and consensus that potential impacts of projected sea level rise will be high on mangroves of the Pacific islands, and priority adaptation actions include promotion of mangrove substrate accretion and mangrove monitoring.