Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of the new McDonald criteria to patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

Traditionally, multiple sclerosis (MS) has been diagnosed on the basis of clinical evidence of dissemination in time and space. Previously, it could not be diagnosed in patients with single clinical episodes of demyelination known as clinically isolated syndromes. New diagnostic criteria from the International Panel of McDonald and colleagues incorporate MRI evidence of dissemination in time and space to allow a diagnosis of MS in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. From clinical and MRI examinations performed prospectively at baseline, 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years of follow‐up, the frequency of developing MS was ascertained by the application of both the new McDonald criteria and the Poser criteria for clinically definite MS. The specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of the new criteria for the development of clinically definite MS were assessed. At 3 months, 20 of 95 (21%) patients had MS with the McDonald criteria, whereas only 7 of 95 (7%) had developed clinically definite MS. After 1 year, the corresponding figures were 38 of 79 (48%) and 16 of 79 (20%), and after 3 years, they were 29 of 50 (58%) and 19 of 50 (38%). The development of MS with the new MRI criteria after 1 year had a high sensitivity (83%), specificity (83%), positive predicative value (75%), negative predictive value (89%), and accuracy (83%) for clinically definite MS at 3 years. Use of the new McDonald criteria more than doubled the rate of diagnosis of MS within a year of presentation with a clinically isolated syndrome. The high specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy of the new criteria for clinically definite MS support their clinical relevance.
The psychosocial impact of daily fantasy sports games

he triangular convergence of digital technologies, sport and the gambling industry has multiplied the possible combinations of products that, having originated in one field, have evolved into something different (Lopez-Gonzalez & Griffiths, 2017). For instance, fantasy leagues and videogames existed in the pre-internet era, but it was not until the internet’s arrival that their convergence with gambling materialized. All things considered, the integration of sports themed products becomes easier as their digitalization process continues, blurring the lines between formerly distinctive markets. Fantasy sports games have been popular for many years and involves individuals assuming the role of a professional sports team manager (typically football in the UK) and assembling a virtual team of sportsmen to compete against other players within a private or public league. For decades, the game was played out across the whole season with the winners being those that had accumulated the most points (with the points gained being based on the real-life statistics of individual sportsmen using a predetermined scoring system). However, fantasy sports have changed dramatically over the last few years. Fantasy leagues have grown into a multi-billiondollar industry in the US, arguably because of their controversial legal status as a skill game, contrary to the chance-based games of online sports betting, illegal in most of the jurisdictions (LopezGonzalez & Griffiths, 2017). Although the game can still be played over a whole season, the playing of daily fantasy sports (DFS) has become increasing popular (particularly in countries such as the USA, Canada, and Australia) and can operate over much shorter time periods. In DFS, players can pay to play and this has led to the blurring of lines of whether the activity is a game or whether it is gambling. As Pickering, Blaszczynski, Hartmann and Keen Dr. Mark Griffiths Professor of Behavioural Addiction International Gaming Research Unit Nottingham Trent University
A tracking algorithm for cell motility assays in CMOS systems

This work proposes a method for the study and real-time monitoring of a single cell on a 2D electrode matrix, of great interest in cell motility assays and in the characterization of cancer cell metastasis. A CMOS system proposal for cell location based on occupation maps data generated from Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) has been developed. From experimental assays data, an algorithm based on the analysis of the eight nearest neighbours has been implemented to find the cell center of mass. The path followed by a cell, proposing a Brownian route, has been simulated with the proposed algorithm. The presented results give an accuracy over 95% in the determination of the coordinates (x, y) from the expected cell center of mass.
Quality assessment in Belgian ST elevation myocardial infarction patients: results from the Belgian STEMI database

Abstract The present report describes the quality of care, including in hospital mortality for more than 22.000 STEMI patients admitted in 60 Belgian hospitals for the period 2008–2016. We found a strong increase in the use of primary PCI over time, particularly for patients that were admitted first in a non-PCI capable hospital, reaching a penetration rate of >95%. The transition of thrombolysis to transfer for pPCI in the setting of a STEMI network was, however, associated with an increase of the proportion of patients with prolonged (>120 min) diagnosis-to-balloon time (from 16 to 22%), suggesting still suboptimal interhospital transfer. The in-hospital mortality of the total study population was 6.5%. For non-cardiac arrest patients in-hospital mortality decreased from 5.1% to 3.7%, while it increased for cardiac arrest patients from 29 to 37%. The observation that quality indicators (QI’s), such as modalities and timing of reperfusion therapy, were associated with lower levels of mortality, underscores the potential of QIs for STEMI to improve care and reduce unwarranted variation and premature death from STEMI.
Dual-voltage output power supply system toward parallel use of 380Vdc and 48Vdc

The amount of energy consumed by data centers and telecom buildings is increasing annually due to the buildup and high-density arrangement of ICT equipment, which is needed to handle the rapid rise in traffic brought on by the spread of smartphones and advances in the Internet usage environment. The NTT Group, whose business activities are centered about ICT services, uses approximately 8.5 billion kWh of power a year. This figure corresponds to about 1% of electric power sales in Japan. Therefore the promotion of energy-saving measures has become an important issue in terms of both an environmental problem and the need to reduce costs. The NTT Group is therefore committed to reducing the amount of power that it uses. This is reflected by its decision to introduce on a large scale a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power supply system, which is a next-generation power supply architecture that it has been researching and developing and evaluating in field trials. In this paper we introduce a power supply system that outputs both DC -48V as a supply for legacy communications equipment and DC 380V for HVDC supply systems, then assess the space-saving qualities of the new supply system.
The Effect of Photoperiod on the Mood of Reddit Users

Research into the seasonality of mood has long been stymied by a lack of data, in part due to the prohibitive cost of traditional data collection and the tendency for data to be highly localized. Recent work using social media data has evinced the utility of psycholinguistic features in tracking mood and mental illness, but Twitter data, which are nonanonymous and short-form by design, have almost exclusively been the subject of analysis. In this article, we present a novel corpus within this field of study, comments from the social network Reddit, which does not suffer from these potential limitations. We find that although there are no notable changes in mood in the entire population over the course of a year, a small cohort is acutely sensitive to changes in the relative day length (i.e., the relative photoperiod). Our findings corroborate the phase shift hypothesis, which is the prevailing theory for the seasonality of mood. We also demonstrate the viability of the Reddit comments corpus for studies in mood and, more broadly, mental health.
Low temperature and high quality atomic layer deposition HfO2 coatings

Low temperature high quality thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) HfO2 process has been developed and characterized using different oxidant sources—water, water-ozone, and ozone. Despite a low deposition temperature of 170 °C, the coatings are shown to be exhibit high optical quality, good barrier properties, environmentally stable, low impurity concentration, and other desirable material properties. The water-based process was shown to produce the highest quality coatings in terms of density, purity and stoichiometry. Using various complimentary characterization techniques on hafnia coatings deposited atop silicon, including X-ray reflectivity (XRR); ultraviolet-visible reflectometry; time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS); and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, the coatings are shown to be of high quality. The developed ALD hafnia processes have exceptionally good control over layer thickness with uniformed coatings reproducibly demonstrated on 150 mm silicon wafers. Due to the exceptionally low extinction coefficient, ALD hafnia coatings of varying thickness were measured atop silicon to study the coatings anti-reflectivity behavior in the mid-ultraviolet region. The anti-reflectance performance of these single-layer coatings compares to or exceeds the performance of other reported single layer coatings. Importantly, unlike other coating technologies these ALD coatings are guaranteed to be continuous, pinhole-free and dense despite being thin (< 15nm).
Theory of electrothermal behavior of bipolar transistors: Part I -single-finger devices

A detailed theoretical and numerical analysis of the electrothermal behavior of single-finger bipolar transistors is proposed. Two models of different complexities are introduced to investigate self-heating effects in bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) biased with a constant base-emitter voltage source or with a constant base current source. In the constant base-emitter voltage case, simple relations are derived for determining the onset of the flyback behavior in the output characteristics which defines the boundary of the safe operating region. The model indicates that the flyback behavior disappears at high V/sub BE/ values, and predicts a thermal hysteresis phenomenon at high currents. It is also shown that at high current levels the electrothermal behavior is dominated by ohmic base pushout. If a constant base current is applied, the model shows that both BJTs and HBTs are unconditionally thermally stable. The transient behavior is also considered, and the temperature evolution is investigated for different bias conditions. The model shows that, if the device is biased in the thermally unstable region, thermal breakdown occurs within a finite time instant in the limit case of a zero ballast resistance. Finally, the reduction in the safe operating area due to avalanche effects and to the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity is discussed, and a simplified model is proposed.
Osmotic and nonosmotic regulation of arginine vasopressin during prolonged endurance exercise.

CONTEXT Although the primary cause of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is relative overconsumption of fluids beyond the kidneys' ability to excrete excess fluid, the mechanisms limiting maximum renal excretory ability during exercise remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to: 1) perform a comprehensive evaluation of the endocrine secretion of pituitary, natriuretic and adrenal steroid hormones, and cytokines immediately before and after running an ultramarathon; and 2) evaluate the relationship between osmotic and nonosmotic stimuli to arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion within the overall context of assessing the hormonal regulation of fluid balance during prolonged endurance exercise. DESIGN This was an observational study. SETTING The study setting was a 56-km ultramarathon. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-two runners participated in the study. INTERVENTIONS There were no interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma sodium concentration [Na(+)] and plasma volume [(AVP)(p)] were measured. RESULTS Fluid homeostasis during exercise (356 +/- 4 min) was maintained with ad libitum fluid intakes. [Na(+)] was maintained from before the race (139.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter) to after the race (138.1 +/- 0.4 mmol/liter) with a significant decrease in plasma volume (-8.5 +/- 0.1%, P < 0.01). Increases in the plasma (AVP)(p) (3.9-fold), oxytocin (1.9-fold), brain natriuretic peptide (4.5-fold), and IL-6 (12.5-fold) were highly significant (P < 0.0001). Changes in brain natriuretic peptide, oxytocin, and corticosterone were associated with 47% of the variance noted in (AVP)(p) and 13% of the variance in plasma [Na(+)] in pathway analyses. CONCLUSIONS (AVP)(p) was markedly elevated after the ultramarathon despite unchanged plasma [Na(+)](.) Therefore, an inability to maximally suppress (AVP)(P) during exercise as a result of nonosmotic stimulation of AVP secretion may contribute to the pathogenesis of exercise-associated hyponatremia if voluntary fluid intake were to exceed fluid output.
Housing Prices and Population Dynamics in Urban China

In this study, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model is used to investigate the influence of population on housing price dynamics in urban China. The contribution of population growth to the housing price trend and the contribution of population shocks to housing price fluctuations are quantitatively measured. The empirical results indicate that the ongoing policy to control the population size in large cities in China can decrease the growth rate of housing prices by 0.49% every year, which accounts for 1/10 of the total housing price trend. Furthermore, this policy cannot stabilize housing prices because population shocks have negligible effects on the housing price cycle. Housing technology shocks and housing preference shocks are responsible for most of the housing price fluctuations.
Gambusia affinis

This study was performed as a research program in Agricultural Research center of Kerman since 2000. During one year identification of fish in qanat basins of Markazi desert and Sirjan desert was carried out . In this study Electroshoker and salik net with o.5 and 1 cm net work and padel net with 1cm were used to catch the fishes from 73 series of qanat. Parameters estimated in qanats (pH, Weather Temprature, Oxygen , Ec,.) Specified in sum 767 from fishes which were in 2 order 3 family and 3 species as: 1-Order: Cypriniformes.
Measuring sentiments in online social networks

Sentiment analysis has being used in several applications including the analysis of the repercussion of events in online social networks (OSNs), as well as to summarize public perception about products and brands on discussions on those systems. There are multiple methods to measure sentiments, varying from lexical-based approaches to machine learning methods. Despite the wide use and popularity of some those methods, it is unclear which method is better for identifying the polarity (i.e. positive or negative) of a message, as the current literature does not provide a comparison among existing methods. This comparison is crucial to allow us to understand the potential limitations, advantages, and disadvantages of popular methods in the context of OSNs messages. This work aims at filling this gap by presenting a comparison between 8 popular sentiment analysis methods. Our analysis compares these methods in terms of coverage and in terms of correct sentiment identification. We also develop a new method that combines existing approaches in order to provide the best coverage results with competitive accuracy. Finally, we present iFeel, a Web service which provides an open API for accessing and comparing results across different sentiment methods for a given text.
Clinical and Financial Impact of Pharmacist Involvement in Discharge Medication Reconciliation at an Academic Medical Center: A Prospective Pilot Study

Background Medication reconciliation is one of the more challenging aspects of inpatient care, and its accuracy is paramount to safe transitions of care. Studies have shown that pharmacists have a role in medication reconciliation through improving patient safety and avoiding costs associated with medication errors. The wide-scale use of pharmacists in this process has been limited by time constraints, cost, and lack of resources. Objective This study evaluates the impact of pharmacists in resolving medication errors, decreasing readmission rates, and reducing institutional costs during the discharge medication reconciliation process. Methods Pharmacists evaluated discharge medication reconciliation documentation for patients to determine its accuracy, the accuracy of the admission reconciliation documentation, and any potential issues unrelated to accuracy. Analysis of these data determined the time required for pharmacist involvement, the number of errors identified by pharmacists, the quality of pharmacist interventions, the cost avoidance for each error, and the overall impact on hospital readmission. Results During the 7-week study period, pharmacists performed 67 discharge medication reviews and identified 84 errors. Seventy-five percent were considered to be significant and 6% were considered to be serious. The 30-day readmission rate in the study cohort was 18% compared with 20% in the control group. Based on the clinical severity scale and pharmacist salaries, pharmacist interventions resulted in $42,300 in cost avoidance. Conclusion Pharmacists involved in this pilot discharge process identified and resolved significant errors on medication reconciliation orders that resulted in a financial benefit to the institution.
Two‐dimensional electrophoresis of plasma proteins and high density lipoproteins during inflammation

Plasma protein and lipoprotein fractions of five patients were analyzed on day 1, 5, and 15 after severe head injury by combining three types of two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2‐DE) to obtain information on lipoprotein and apolipoprotein composition. On analysis under nondenaturing conditions in both dimensions on day 5, the samples show modifications of isoelectric point (pI) and molecular weight (Mr) properties of the high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction in addition to an increase in inflammatory proteins and a return to a normal pattern on day 15. In the second type of 2‐DE the samples were analyzed employing isoelectric focusing without denaturant in the first dimension, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the second dimension in order to study the protein composition of lipoprotein fractions. On day 5, a decrease of the apolipoproteins apo A‐I, apo A‐II, and apo C were noted, with simultaneous appearance of an unidentified protein with Mr 12 000 and pI 6.0. In the third type of 2‐DE, employing urea and Nonidet P‐40 in the first and SDS in the second dimension, the plasma polypeptide composition was studied. The presence of an unidentified polypeptide could be confirmed on day 5, tending to disappear there‐after. This Mr 12 000 component consists of two major spots at pI 5.7 and 6.0 and four minor ones between pI 6.0 and 8.0. These properties suggest that this protein corresponds to serum amyloid A apolipoprotein.
Effect of patterned substrate on light extraction efficiency of chip-on-board packaging LEDs

We studied the effect of substrate with patterned structure on the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of chip-on-board (CoB) packaging light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by optical simulations based on Monte Carlo ray-tracing method. Two kinds of typical patterned substrates were analyzed which were with conical and spherical structure, respectively. Results show that when the encapsulation layer is without phosphor particles, patterned structures strongly enhance the LEE compared with the flat substrate. The maximum LEE enhancement reaches 41.1% at 1/2 inclination angle α of 30° for the conical structure and 39.5% at 1/2 center angle β of 50° for the spherical structure. However, with the phosphor concentration in the encapsulation layer increasing, the LEE enhancement effect of patterned structures significantly reduces. Even, the enhancement effect almost disappears at the high phosphor concentrations which result in low color correlated temperatures (CCT) of 4000-6000K.
Genetics and epigenetics in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours

Neuroendocrine tumour of the small intestine (SI‐NET), formerly known as midgut carcinoid tumour, is the most common small intestinal malignancy. The incidence is rising, with recent reports of 0.67 per 100 000 in the USA and 1.12 per 100 000 in Sweden. SI‐NETs often present a challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment, as patients often have widespread disease and are beyond cure by surgery. Somatostatin analogues provide the mainstay of medical treatment to control hormonal excess and increase the time to progression. Despite overall favourable prognosis (5‐year overall survival of 65%), there is a need to find markers to identify both patients with worse outcome and new targets for therapy. Loss on chromosome 18 has been reported in 60–90% of SI‐NETs, but mutated genes on this chromosome have failed detection. Recently, a putative tumour suppressor role has been suggested for TCEB3C occurring at 18q21 (encoding elongin A3), which may undergo epigenetic repression. CDKN1B has recently been revealed as the only recurrently mutated gene in SI‐NETs but, with a frequency as low as 8%, its role as a driver in SI‐NET development may be questioned. Integrated genomewide analysis including exome and whole‐genome sequencing, gene expression, DNA methylation and copy number analysis has identified three novel molecular subtypes of SI‐NET with differing clinical outcome. DNA methylation analysis has demonstrated that SI‐NETs have significant epigenetic dysregulation in 70–80% of tumours. In this review, we focus on understanding of the genetic, epigenetic and molecular events that lead to development and progression of SI‐NETs.
Student residential distance calculation using Haversine formulation and visualization through GoogleMap for admission analysis

Data mining is defined as extracting and analyzing information from various heterogeneous data sources to generate the user interested patterns. In this paper, data mining is used for such a purpose where in which it helps in increasing the marketing of a respective educational organization. Students will come from different localities to join a prospective college. In the proposed system, instead of places, the distance from the address of the student residence destination is analyzed. It provides a more accurate idea about the upcoming year marketing. Distance can be calculated by using the Haversines formula and the clustering algorithm k-means can be used to cluster the locations to get more accurate results. Google maps API is used to find out the latitude and longitude of each student residential address and visualized, which gives the minimum, maximum and average distance. The pictorial representation helps the organizations to concentrate more on specific areas where the better advertisement can be given to improving the admission rate.