Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hexa-band C Mobil

A coupled-fed microstrip antenna system is presented. The PIFA antenna opera MHz and 1710-2170 to cover frequency b 700/850/900/1800/1900/2100(Tx/Rx). An L-shap structure, an inductor and a shorting line compactly designed together to create dual reso low and high bands to achieve wide bandwi impedance matching. The overall dimension of is 58×119×1.2mm and the antenna size oc 58×16mm.
A Two-Stage Optimal Scheduling Model of Microgrid Based on Chance-Constrained Programming in Spot Markets

Aimed at the coordination control problem of each unit caused by microgrid participation in the spot market and considering the randomness of wind and solar output and the uncertainty of spot market prices, a day-ahead real-time two-stage optimal scheduling model for microgrid was established by using the chance-constrained programming theory. On this basis, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based on stochastic simulation technology was used to solve the problem and the effect of demand side management and confidence level on scheduling results is discussed. The example results verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model, which can provide a theoretical basis in terms of reasonably coordinating the output of each unit in the microgrid in the spot market.
AN ACCURATE ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION IN A PIEZOELECTRIC CANTILEVER BEAM FOR ENERGY HARVESTING

This paper develops an accurate model for energy conversion in a piezoelectric cantilever beam. The conventional energy-based model assumes a linear voltage distribution along the piezoelectric beam thickness. It is shown that the voltage distribution must be approximated at least by a quadratic function. The validity of the model is experimentally verified and compared with the conventional model where applicable. The equivalent capacitance of a beam which is calculated based on linear and quadratic voltage distribution shows an approximately 40% relative discrepancy for PZT5A.This inaccuracy level is not negligible especially when the design of electrical energy harvesting is concerned.
IR-VIC: Unsupervised Discovery of Sub-goals for Transfer in RL

We propose a novel framework to identify sub-goals useful for exploration in sequential decision making tasks under partial observability. We utilize the variational intrinsic control framework (Gregor et.al., 2016) which maximizes empowerment -- the ability to reliably reach a diverse set of states and show how to identify sub-goals as states with high necessary option information through an information theoretic regularizer. Despite being discovered without explicit goal supervision, our sub-goals provide better exploration and sample complexity on challenging grid-world navigation tasks compared to supervised counterparts in prior work.
Chronic fluoxetine treatment of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) does not elicit changes in basal cortisol levels and anxiety-like behavior in adulthood

Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during development may elicit long-term neuroadaptive changes that could alter the basal regulation of stress-associated physiological and behavioral processes later in life. Currently, the effects of juvenile fluoxetine exposure in rodent models appear to be dependent on the developmental window targeted as well as the duration of drug exposure. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) model is rapidly becoming a useful tool in pharmacological research and can be used to help elucidate some of the long-term effects of fluoxetine exposure prior to sexual maturation on neuroendocrine and behavioral stress markers. In the current study, juvenile zebrafish were chronically exposed to fluoxetine hydrochloride (0 or 100 μg/L) for 14 days (31–44 days post-fertilization (dpf)), then were left untreated until young adulthood. Starting at 90 dpf, basal neuroendocrine stress and behavioral responses of zebrafish were assessed. Cortisol was extracted from the young adult zebrafish body (trunk) and quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed in response to introduction to the novel tank test. It was expected that juvenile exposure to fluoxetine would (1) reduce basal cortisol levels and (2) elicit anxiolytic effects in the novel tank test in adulthood. However, fluoxetine exposure during the juvenile period was not associated with alterations in basal levels of cortisol nor were there any significant changes in anxiety-like behavior in the young adult zebrafish. Thus, in zebrafish, it does not appear that SSRI exposure during the juvenile period has a long-term adverse or maladaptive impact on the basal expression of cortisol and anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. Further studies are needed to determine if SSRI exposure during this developmental window influences neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to acute stress.
Impact of the Regularization Parameter in the Mean Free Path Reconstruction Method: Nanoscale Heat Transport and Beyond

The understanding of the mean free path (MFP) distribution of the energy carriers in materials (e.g., electrons, phonons, magnons, etc.) provides a key physical insight into their transport properties. In this context, MFP spectroscopy has become an important tool to describe the contribution of carriers with different MFP to the total transport phenomenon. In this work, we revise the MFP reconstruction technique and present a study on the impact of the regularization parameter on the MFP distribution of the energy carriers. By using the L-curve criterion, we calculate the optimal mathematical value of the regularization parameter. The effect of the change from the optimal value in the MFP distribution is analyzed in three case studies of heat transport by phonons. These results demonstrate that the choice of the regularization parameter has a large impact on the physical information obtained from the reconstructed accumulation function, and thus cannot be chosen arbitrarily. The approach can be applied to various transport phenomena at the nanoscale involving carriers of different physical nature and behavior.
Emerging Prospects for Nanoparticle-Enabled Cancer Immunotherapy

One of the standards for cancer treatment is cancer immunotherapy which treats both primary and metastasized tumors. Although cancer immunotherapeutics show better outcomes as compared with conventional approaches of cancer treatment, the currently used cancer immunotherapeutics have limited application in delivering cancer antigens to immune cells. Conversely, in solid tumors, tumor microenvironment suppresses the immune system leading to the evasion of anticancer immunity. Some promising attempts have been made to overcome these drawbacks by using different approaches, for instance, the use of biomaterial-based nanoparticles. Accordingly, various studies involving the application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy have been discussed in this review article. This review not only describes the modes of cancer immunotherapy to reveal the importance of nanoparticles in this modality but also narrates nanoparticle-mediated delivery of cancer antigens and therapeutic supplements. Moreover, the impact of nanoparticles on the immunosuppressive behavior of tumor environment has been discussed. The last part of this review deals with cancer immunotherapy using a combination of traditional interventional oncology approach and image-guided local immunotherapy against cancer. According to recent studies, cancer therapy can potentially be improved through nanoparticle-based immunotherapy. In addition, drawbacks associated with the currently used cancer immunotherapeutics can be fixed by using nanoparticles.
MicroRNA-218 inhibits the cell proliferation and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma through targeting cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A

MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as critical modulators of tumor initiation and progression in numerous types of human cancer, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is a newly characterized oncoprotein and its overexpression has been reported to promote cellular epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the tumor progression of ccRCC. The present study examined the effects of miR-218 on CIP2A expression in ccRCC cells. The results demonstrated that the expression level of miR-218 was lower in ccRCC tissues compared with that in adjacent non-tumor renal tissues. In addition, it was identified that miR-128 could directly bind to the 3′-untranslated region of CIP2A. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the expression levels of miR-218 and CIP2A was detected in ccRCC. Additionally, the downregulation of CIP2A or overexpression of miR-218 in ccRCC cells was revealed to inhibit cell proliferation and migration. In summary, these data suggest that miR-218 serves a role in the regulation of CIP2A and elucidate its consequences on tumor progression, tumor cell proliferation and migration. These results indicate that miR-218 may exhibit potential as a molecular target for the treatment of ccRCC.
Multisensory guided associative learning in healthy humans

Associative learning is a basic cognitive function by which discrete and often different percepts are linked together. The Rutgers Acquired Equivalence Test investigates a specific kind of associative learning, visually guided equivalence learning. The test consists of an acquisition (pair learning) and a test (rule transfer) phase, which are associated primarily with the function of the basal ganglia and the hippocampi, respectively. Earlier studies described that both fundamentally-involved brain structures in the visual associative learning, the basal ganglia and the hippocampi, receive not only visual but also multisensory information. However, no study has investigated whether there is a priority for multisensory guided equivalence learning compared to unimodal ones. Thus we had no data about the modality-dependence or independence of the equivalence learning. In the present study, we have therefore introduced the auditory- and multisensory (audiovisual)-guided equivalence learning paradigms and investigated the performance of 151 healthy volunteers in the visual as well as in the auditory and multisensory paradigms. Our results indicated that visual, auditory and multisensory guided associative learning is similarly effective in healthy humans, which suggest that the acquisition phase is fairly independent from the modality of the stimuli. On the other hand, in the test phase, where participants were presented with acquisitions that were learned earlier and associations that were until then not seen or heard but predictable, the multisensory stimuli elicited the best performance. The test phase, especially its generalization part, seems to be a harder cognitive task, where the multisensory information processing could improve the performance of the participants.
Genetic characteristics of feral Misaki horses based on polymorphisms of microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA

The Misaki horse is a Japanese native horse, known as the “feral horse of Cape Toi”. In this study, we acquired the genetic information to establish their studbook, and analyzed their genetic characteristics for conservation. We genotyped 32 microsatellites and a mitochondrial D-loop region in 77 Misaki horses (80.2% of the population). The average number of alleles, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity were 3.4, 0.509, and 0.497, respectively. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of individuals was constructed. Moreover, the results suggested that Misaki horses experienced a bottleneck, but it was neither severe nor recent. In addition, three mitochondrial haplotypes were confirmed. Consequently, we clarified the genetic background of Misaki horses that have been resident at Cape Toi for a long time.
Bell’s inequalities, 50 years later

John Stewart Bell was an Irish particle theorist working for the latter part of his career at CERN. (For an account of his career, see [1] and [2].) However, he is best known for his work on the foundations of quantum mechanics, which he called his ’hobby’. His most famous paper [3], in which he introduced his ‘Bell inequalities’ was published 50 years ago, so it seems appropriate to review these inequalities and some of their consequences at this time. In fact, his research into foundations started with another paper, which was accidentally published later. This latter paper [4] was conceived much earlier after conversations with Mandel. Bell was much impressed with the work of Bohm [5] and de Broglie [6] who developed an alternative to the standard version of quantum mechanics. Their work showed that it is possible to introduce ‘hidden variables’ in non-relativistic quantum mechanics which determine the quantum randomness in a way similar to statistical mechanics, i.e. random variables which cannot be observed but cause the probabilistic nature of the quantum measurement results. They suggested that the trajectory of a particle is in fact deterministic, but is under the influence of a random background force which cannot be controlled. Their theory seemed to be in conflict with a theorem by Von Neumann [7] about the impossibility of hidden variables in quantum mechanics. Of course, a mathematical theorem is based on certain assumptions, and Bell rather scathingly dismissed
NASH Is the Most Rapidly Growing Etiology for Acute‐on‐Chronic Liver Failure‐Related Hospitalization and Disease Burden in the United States: A Population‐Based Study

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by multiple organ failure (OF) with high short‐term mortality. There is lack of population‐based data on trends on etiology specific ACLF related burden. National Inpatient Sample (2006‐2014) was queried using ICD‐09 codes for admissions with cirrhosis and ACLF (≥2 extrahepatic OF). Of 1,928,764 admissions for cirrhosis between 2006 and 2014, 112,174 (5.9%) had ACLF (4.5%, 1.2%, and 0.2% with ACLF 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The brain was the most common OF in 11.9%, followed by respiratory failure in 7.7%, cardiac failure in 6.3%, and renal failure in 5.6%. ACLF increased by 24% between 2006 and 2014 with a 63% increase in 179,104 patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis (3.5% to 5.7%); a 28% increase in patients with 429,306 alcoholic cirrhosis (5.6% to 7.2%); a 25% increase in patients with 1,091,053 with other etiologies (5.2% to 6.5%); and no significant change in 229,301 patients with viral hepatitis (VH) (4.0% to 4.1%). In‐hospital mortality was higher among ACLF patients compared with patients without ACLF (44% versus 4.7%; P < 0.0001). Each NASH‐related ACLF patient compared with other etiologies had a longer mean length of stay (14 versus 12 days), was associated with higher median total charges (US $151,196 versus US $134,597), and had more frequent use of dialysis (45% versus 36%) and longterm care (32% versus 26%; P < 0.0001 for all). Results remained similar in a subgroup analysis after including half of admissions with cryptogenic cirrhosis as NASH. In conclusion, NASH cirrhosis is the most rapidly growing indication for ACLF‐related hospitalization and use of hospital resources. In the setting of improved treatment options for chronic hepatitis, the health care burden of chronic viral‐related liver disease remains stable. Population‐based strategies are needed to reduce the health care burden of cirrhosis, particularly related to NASH.
The Phoenix Drone: An Open-Source Dual-Rotor Tail-Sitter Platform for Research and Education

In this paper, we introduce the Phoenix drone: the first completely open-source tail-sitter micro aerial vehicle (MAV) platform. The vehicle has a highly versatile, dual-rotor design and is engineered to be low-cost and easily extensible/modifiable. Our open-source release includes all of the design documents, software resources, and simulation tools needed to build and fly a high-performance tail-sitter for research and educational purposes.The drone has been developed for precision flight with a high degree of control authority. Our design methodology included extensive testing and characterization of the aerodynamic properties of the vehicle. The platform incorporates many off-the-shelf components and 3D-printed parts, in order to keep the cost down. Nonetheless, the paper includes results from flight trials which demonstrate that the vehicle is capable of very stable hovering and accurate trajectory tracking.Our hope is that the open-source Phoenix reference design will be useful to both researchers and educators. In particular, the details in this paper and the available open-source materials should enable learners to gain an understanding of aerodynamics, flight control, state estimation, software design, and simulation, while experimenting with a unique aerial robot.
Automatic segmentation of levator hiatus from ultrasound images using U-net with dense connections

In this paper, we propose a fully automatic method based on a densely connected convolutional network for the segmentation of the levator hiatus from ultrasound images. A densely connected path is incorporated into a U-net to achieve a deep architecture and improve the segmentation performance. The proposed network architecture provides dense connections between layers that encourage feature reuse and reduce the number of parameters while maintaining good performance. The parameters of the network are optimized by training with a binary cross entropy, i.e. logarithmic loss function. A dataset with 1000 levator hiatus images is used for training and 130 images are used for evaluating the performance of the proposed network architecture. The proposed model can get a mean Dice of . Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve more accurate segmentation results than some of state-of-the-art methods.
The Arabidopsis altered in stress response2 is Impaired in Resistance to Root and Leaf Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens

The Arabidopsis thaliana Glutathione S-transferase Phi8 (GSTF8) gene is recognised as a marker for early defence and stress responses. To identify regulators of these responses, a forward genetic screen for Arabidopsis mutants with up-regulated GSTF8 promoter activity was conducted by screening a mutagenized population containing a GSTF8 promoter fragment fused to the luciferase reporter gene (GSTF8:LUC). We previously identified several enhanced stress response (esr) mutants from this screen that conferred constitutive GSTF8:LUC activity and increased resistance to several pathogens and/or insects pests. Here we identified a further mutant constitutively expressing GSTF8:LUC and termed altered in stress response2 (asr2). Unlike the esr mutants, asr2 was more susceptible to disease symptom development induced by two necrotrophic fungal pathogens; the root pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, and the leaf pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. The asr2 allele was mapped to a 2.1 Mbp region of chromosome 2 and narrowed to four candidate loci.
A new combination of transcription factors increases the harvesting efficiency of pacemaker-like cells

Biological pacemakers that combine cell-based and gene-based therapies are a promising treatment for sick sinus syndrome or severe atrioventricular block. The current study aimed to induce differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into cardiac pacemaker cells through co-expression of the transcription factors insulin gene enhancer binding protein 1 (ISL-1) and T-box18 (Tbx18). ADSCs were transfected with green fluorescent protein, ISL-1, Tbx18 or ISL-1+Tbx18 fluorescent protein lentiviral vectors, and subsequently co-cultured with neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes in vitro for 7 days. The potential for regulating the differentiation of ADSCs into pacemaker-like cells was evaluated by cell morphology, beating rate, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence and electrophysiological activity. ADSCs were successfully transformed into spontaneously beating cells that exhibited a behavior similar to that of co-cultured pacemaker cells. This effect was significantly increased in the combined ISL-1 and Tbx18 group. These results provide a potential strategy for enriching the cardiac pacemaker cell population from ADSCs.
Cajal‐Retzius neurons are required for the development of the human hippocampal fissure

Cajal‐Retzius neurons (CRN) are the main source of Reelin in the marginal zone of the developing neocortex and hippocampus (HC). They also express the transcription factor p73 and are complemented by later‐appearing GABAergic Reelin+ interneurons. The human dorsal HC forms at gestational week 10 (GW10), when it develops a rudimentary Ammonic plate and incipient dentate migration, although the dorsal hippocampal fissure (HF) remains shallow and contains few CRN. The dorsal HC transforms into the indusium griseum (IG), concurrently with the rostro‐caudal appearance of the corpus callosum, by GW14–17. Dorsal and ventral HC merge at the site of the former caudal hem, which is located at the level of the future atrium of the lateral ventricle and closely connected with the choroid plexus. The ventral HC forms at GW11 in the temporal lobe. The ventral HF is wide open at GW14–16 and densely populated by large numbers of CRNs. These are in intimate contact with the meninges and meningeal blood vessels, suggesting signalling through diverse pathways. At GW17, the fissure deepens and begins to fuse, although it is still marked by p73/Reelin+ CRNs. The p73KO mouse illustrates the importance of p73 in CRN for HF formation. In the mutant, Tbr1/Reelin+ CRNs are born in the hem but do not leave it and subsequently disappear, so that the mutant cortex and HC lack CRN from the onset of corticogenesis. The HF is absent, which leads to profound architectonic alterations of the HC. To determine which p73 isoform is important for HF formation, isoform‐specific TAp73‐ and DeltaNp73‐deficient embryonic and early postnatal mice were examined. In both mutants, the number of CRNs was reduced, but each of their phenotypes was much milder than in the global p73KO mutant missing both isoforms. In the TAp73KO mice, the HF of the dorsal HC failed to form, but was present in the ventral HC. In the DeltaNp73KO mice, the HC had a mild patterning defect along with a shorter HF. Complex interactions between both isoforms in CRNs may contribute to their crucial activity in the developing brain.
Position Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Using Fuzzy Sliding Mode

– In this paper the position control of a switched reluctance motor using backstepping design with adaptive action is proposed. First, a backstepping design for position control of SRM is proposed. Finally, an adaptive backstepping controller is investigated for a class of nonlinear system to tackle the nonlinear control problems with modelling uncertainties, plant parameters variations and external disturbances. The proposed scheme gives fast dynamic response with no overshoot and zero steady-state error. To show the validity and the effectiveness of the control method, simulations are performed for the position control of a switched reluctance motor. The simulation results show that the controller designed is more effective than the conventional backstepping controller in enhancing the robustness of control systems with high accuracy.