Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault Tolerant Control of Z-source Neutral Point Clamped Inverter

At present multi-level Z-source inverters are getting more popularity for an efficient and reliable electric power conversion in renewable energy generation. Generally in multi-level inverters, the high voltage and current stresses on the inverter leg during transient conditions may lead to failure of the switches. In this paper, a fault tolerant multi-level Z-source neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter is proposed to obtain the desired AC output voltage with an improved reliability. In addition to the inherent shoot-through (ST) tolerant capability, it is able to generate rated AC output voltage under open circuit fault condition. The above mention features of the proposed topology makes it more compatible to provide reliable electric power supply to some critical loads surviving in the system. The verification of proposed system has been done with MATLAB simulation.
A Privacy Preserving Approach to Generating Personalized Recommendations Based on Short Text Classification

Nowadays with the discussion around issues like General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), concerns about user privacy have risen. Machine learning models often require user data to be uploaded to external servers. In this paper, we explore how to balance user privacy with the need to run machine learning on the user's data in the form of short texts, including SMS and calendar titles, to generate personalized recommendations of products from service providers. First, we run a classification algorithm on the short texts to generate a vector of user interest categories, which can be uploaded to an external server without compromising on the user's privacy, since the actual data is never uploaded. After this, on the server we run a classification algorithm on recommendations from third party providers to re-categorize each recommendation as a vector of user interest categories. Finally, we match the two vectors to determine which recommendations will be the most relevant for the user. We conducted a small user study to validate our approach and found that our recommendations matched the users' actual interests with an acceptable accuracy.
Robust Optimization of a Distribution Network Location-Routing Problem Under Carbon Trading Policies

Taking carbon emissions into account in decision-making on distribution network operations contributes to achieving the goal of promoting energy conservation and emissions reduction. The focus of this paper is to research multicapacity hierarchical location-routing robust optimization in distribution network design under carbon trading policies. First, this problem is described as a mixed integer nonlinear programming model. Then, based on strong duality theory, the nonlinear model is transformed into a linear robust equivalent model. Finally, GUROBI software is used for numerical calculation and analysis. The results suggest the following: carbon trading policies have a carbon abatement effect; with a decrease in the carbon emissions cap and an increase in carbon trading prices, carbon emissions undergo a ladder-like downward trend; uncertain fluctuations in freight units will influence the optimal decision-making patterns of enterprises; and making more vehicles available will reduce carbon emissions. The government should set a reasonable carbon emissions cap according to market conditions. Enterprises could adopt robust control parameters on the basis of their decision-making preferences and consider the impact of carbon trading policy in formulating and adjusting an optimal decision-making scheme.
Modification of muscle antagonistic relations and hand trajectory on the dynamic motion of Musculoskeletal Humanoid

In recent years, some research on musculoskeletal humanoids is in progress. However, there are some challenges such as unmeasurable transformation of body structure and muscle path, and difficulty in measuring own motion because of lack of joint angle sensor. In this study, we suggest two motion acquisition methods. One is a method to acquire antagonistic relations of muscles by tension sensing, and the other is a method to acquire correct hand trajectory by vision sensing. Finally, we realize badminton shuttlecock-hitting motion of “Kengoro” with these two acquisition methods.
Detecting Third Umpire Decisions & Automated Scoring System of Cricket

For the time being, Cricket is an indisputably one of the most interesting game in the world, especially in the territory of South Asian. As human beings are prone to error, sometimes errors have happened to an umpire and about a constant time is taken by the third umpire for an exact decision of a review. The two different domains artificial intelligence and computer vision have become pop in cricket analysis and decision making. Using different types of computer vision’s procedures in exploring several Cricket cases and automatically turning into decisions have become exoteric in recent days. In this research paper, we have propounded a classification method by the aids of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Inception V3 in order to automatically unroll the decisions of third umpire and scoring system such as umpire signal detection. We have also proposed the deep CNN technique that aids to increase the performance of CNN.
Improvement of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Young men with Cardiovascular Risks Participating in Pedometer-based Workplace Programme

Lack of exercise among Malaysians and the increasing cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality among young men are of concern. In response to the wide use of pedometers, daily targets of 10,000 steps/day have been recommended. In Malaysia, data on workplace exercise intervention is scarce. A programme was designed to enable subjects to increase their level of walking as part of their daily work routine and self-monitored by using pedometers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) through a pedometer based walking programme at the workplace. A total of 70 young men (20-40 years old) who were sedentary, achieving less than 5,000 steps/day in casual walking with 2 or more cardiovascular risk factors were recruited in IKBN Hulu Langat. Subjects were randomly assigned to a control (CG) (n=34; no change in walking) and pedometer group (PG) (n=36; minimum target: 8,000 steps/day). Blood lipid profile, anthropometric and CRF were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. At post intervention, the CG step counts were similar (4983 ± 366 vs 5697 ± 407 steps/day). The PG increased step count from 4996 ± 805 to 10,128 ± 511 steps/day (P<0.001). Results for lipid and anthropometrics variables were significantly improved for time and group effect (p<0.001). In PG, the CRF was significantly increased for time and effect (p<0.01) for VO2 peak from 31.54 ± 9.66 to 40.15 ± 9.55(ml/kg/min but no change in CG (31.46 ± 6.15 vs 31.60 ± 8.99 ml/kg/min). The walking programme improved health status in terms of improving biophysical profiles and cardiorespiratory fitness.
An Intruder Monitoring System for Improving the Network Security

As the new technologies are emerging and rapidly growing the security advisors have the focus on developing the complex solutions for monitoring and detection of the intruder. This paper proposes a model which will provide the intruder monitoring system for improving the security. The model will check for the vulnerabilities of the network and then provide the best solution to it. Based on open source software and using various networking techniques the model will be constructed to run on low – cost hardware, on demand for intruder scanning, and alerting the owner by giving alerts in case of the intrusion.
Lattice Reduction Assisted Likelihood Ascent Search Algorithm for Multiuser Detection in Massive MIMO System

Massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system achieves high spectral and energy efficiency by incorporating a large number of antennas at the transmitter and/or receivers. Multiuser detection is an important task that needs to be done at the receiver of the Massive MIMO system to mitigate multiuser interference. The classical Zero Forcing (ZF) detector suffers from high residual interference. By making channel matrix orthogonal, the Lattice Reduction (LR) techniques can be assisted for the ZF detector to minimize interference. On the other hand, the Likelihood Ascent Search (LAS) is a neighborhood search based low complexity detection algorithm that is used for massive MIMO systems. It takes the Zero Forcing (ZF) solution as initial vector and searches for a near-optimal solution by examining cost values of its neighborhood vectors. The performance of the LAS algorithm is mainly relying on an initial vector. So, this paper investigates the design of LAS algorithm with LR assisted ZF solution as an initial vector to improve performance over the classical ZFLAS detector. The proposed algorithm attains a more achievable trade-off between Bit Error Rate (BER) performance and exponential time detection complexity for large extended systems.
Medical Imaging - Boundary Solutions

Boundary detection to a narrow scale or for a Region of Interest are required for studying the affected area in an human organ depending on the nature of the disease and the damage it caused to the specific organ. The problem is narrowed down to edge detection and the associated complexities. Precisely, it concentrates over a small region of interest confined to a specific area lying anywhere on the shape of study under consideration. Even though there are many imaging methods which help to overcome these kinds of situation, there are limitations. This paper addresses these issues with the help of Contourlet Transformation. Further, Gradient and Laplacian operators help in tuning the edge detection. Comparatively, the proposed methods perform better than the traditional methods. But, still the direction specific issues and extension issues made these techniques difficult to achieve the expected accuracy. Moreover, the Contourlet transform addresses the edge detection problem very well in digital domain. Finally, the Contourlet Transformation helped to overcome all of these issues by capturing the required data that involved the features in an image which ultimately focused on bringing the discreteness of the nature of the problem.
Event detection from Twitter data

Event detection from Twitter is important for people to extract valuable information about real world events. Automation of this task is challenging due to short and noisy nature of microblogging data. Topic modeling algorithms such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is the most popular algorithm to extract topics from news articles but not suitable for microblogging content due to the data sparsity problem. In this paper, we proposed a method to handle data sparsity problem that makes LDA topic model suitable for Twitter data by considering super tweet (aggregation of similar tweets) as a document instead of single tweet without modifying internal structure of model. Extensive experiments on real-time twitter data show that our approach outperforms the baseline approaches.
Classification and Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea and Congestive Heart Failure Using DWT Based Statistical Features: An Extensive Study

Electrocardiogram assumes a significant part in the diagnosis of various cardiovascular disorders. This work deals with a comprehensive method to extract various statistical features from ECG signal to diagnose two major cardiovascular disorders i.e. Sleep Apnea and Congestive Heart Failure. Sleep Apnea is a serious sleep disorder that occurs when a person's breathing is hindered during sleep. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic condition that affects the pumping power of a person's heart muscles. In the present work, the principle of Discrete Wavelet Packet decomposition is applied to diagnose Sleep Apnea and Congestive Heart Failure from the background signal. Two different Mother Wavelets I.e. Biorthogonal and Daubechies wavelets are used to extract statistical parameters like Mean, Median, Standard Deviation, Energy and Approximate Entropy(ApEn). These parameters are extracted and compared, from the ECG signal of a healthy person and a person suffering from Sleep Apnea. A similar procedure is repeated for the ECG signal of a person suffering from Congestive Heart Failure. Significant contrasts have been found between ApEn, energy and standard deviation values of individuals experiencing Sleep Apnea and also Congestive Heart Failure. Various machine learning algorithms are used to train the classification models for classifying the disorders as mentioned above. Clear distinguishable values are observed in the trends obtained by both the wavelets, yet Daubechies is seen to perform better. The inclusion of many parameters has helped build up the accuracy with even an outstanding 100% using tree classifier.
Effect of low dose versus high dose Ipratropium over Lung functions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

The objective is to determine the effect of changing anticholinergic therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from low dose ipratropium to high dose ipratropium on pulmonary function. This study was conducted to evaluate single metered aerosol doses of 20 mcg, 40 mcg, and 80 mcg of ipratropium bromide; and placebo. 20 adult patients with partially reversible airway obstruction were included in the study. They were all tested for 6 hours with each dose range. Spirometric studies were performed 5, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 minutes after the dose was administered. The values for FEV1 and FVC were significantly increased within 5 minutes after all doses of ipratropium. The two lower doses ipratropium had significant effects for 3-4 hours, while the 80 mcg dose significantly increased both the FEV1 and FVC for 5 hours. Baseline mean FEV1 (litres) values for placebo, 20 mcg, 40 mcg, and 80 mcg of ipratropium bromide were 1.068, 1.078, 1.080, 1.089 litres respectively. Compared with placebo, each dose of ipratropium bromide produced a significant increase of the mean FEV1 (P<0.05). When compared to baseline value, the FEV1 was significantly greater with 80 mcg than 40 mcg at 5 hours (p<0.05). We concluded that ipratropium 80 mcg shows greater lung function improvement compared to lower doses in obstructive pulmonary diseases.
A KEYED HASH MESSAGE AUTHENTICATION CODE TECHNIQUE FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION IN VANETS

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are made by applying the standards of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) the unconstrained production of a remote system for information trade to the space of vehicles. They are a key part of intelligent transportation frameworks. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) with hashing mechanism can be used to secure VANETs where the tamper proof device stores a number of encryption keys which are renewed upon visiting a Trusted Authority (TA). The proposed system is an endeavour to upgrade the current authentication, privacy preservation and non-repudiation with keyed hashing mechanism. Proficient Message Authentication Protocol can on a very basic level decrease the message loss ratio on account of the message check delay compared and the existing authentication systems using Certification Revocation List (CRL). In this process we are using Hash Message Authentication Protocol (HMAP) where a key is utilized to calculating encryption and decryption with hash message using Elliptical Curve Cryptographic (ECC) function which is shared just between non revoked On-Board Units (OBUs). In this paper, the analysis of performance evaluation and security of the proposed hashing mechanism is investigated analytically and through network simulation. Hence, extensive analysis is performed to demonstrate how the proposed mechanism can dynamically support efficient and cost-reduced keyed hash message authentication. The final results will be shown by graphs generated on the NS2 simulator.
Comparative Effects Of Russian Current And Isometric Resisted Exercise On Quadriceps Angle And Joint Space Width Among Patients With Primary Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Beneficial effects of Isometric Resisted Exercise (IRE) in the rehabilitation of patients with primary Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) are sometimes restricted due to associated co-morbidities. Objective: This study compared the effects of Russian Current (RC) and IRE in the management of patients with primary knee OA. Methods: A hospital-based quasi-experimental study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Osun State. Forty-seven consenting patients with knee OA participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to either IRE only (IREO) group or IRE plus RC (IRERC) group. Each participant received treatment twice a week for a total of eight weeks. Effects of intervention were assessed in terms of quadriceps angle and joint space width at the 4 th and 8 week of intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with alpha set at p<0.05. Result: IRERC and IREO resulted in a significant mean change in quadriceps angle (IRERC – p=0.005: IREO – p=0.001) score. However, there was no significant mean change in joint space width of both groups (IRERC – p=0.334: IREO – p=0.433). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the mean changes in quadriceps angle and joint space width scores between IRE plus RC and IRE only groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Isometric resisted exercise alone had a significant effect on quadriceps angle in patients with primary knee OA. However, Russian current did not show additional effects.
Bed-sharing with infants in a time of SIDS awareness

Objective: Risks associated with maternal-infant bed-sharing are widely documented and promoted. This study aims to examine sleep patterns and strategies including bed-sharing. Methods: Women aged over 18 who have infants aged up to 24 months were eligible to participate in an anonymous online questionnaire in March 2010. A representative sample of 1,000 respondents was randomly selected from a total sample of 2000. Results: The challenge of facilitating infant sleeping was highlighted, with 92% of respondents having difficulties at some point. Almost all (97%) felt sleep-deprived at some time, with almost half reporting that they were always or regularly deprived of sleep. Sleep deprivation exacerbated exhaustion or feeling run down (75%), irritability (70%), made mothers less patient with their infants (63%) and put additional strain on their relationship with their partner (37%). Strategies to facilitate infant sleeping included rocking and patting (50%), giving a dummy/comforter (46%) and allowing the baby to fall asleep in their arms (47%) or after feeding (45%). Just under half (41%) utilised bed-sharing as a sleep strategy at night. Bed-sharing was more likely to be used if babies experienced frequent waking at night and unstable sleep patterns. Conclusions: Maternal-infant bed-sharing continues to be an infant sleep strategy used by mothers, despite the risks involved. Implications This study highlights that mothers still continue to bed-share despite preventative health campaigns and the known risks. Thus, health promotion should be modified to include a stronger emphasis on risk minimisation strategies.
Low Power CSLA using CMOS Technology

: Adders are the basic units to create any data path application or any processor. Carry generation forms the critical path in adders design. Carry Select Adder (CSLA) lists in one of the fastest adders and plenty of data processing processor utilizes this adder to execute arithmetic function. CSLA gives clarity that efficacious and simple gate level attention helps to diminish the consumption of power and area. In this paper modified version of 16-bit CSLA using BEC, D-latch and combinational circuit is compared with 16-bit regular CSLA in terms of power and area.
Tracking Error Reduction of APA230L Piezoelectric Actuator using Feed forward- Feedback Control System

The piezoelectric actuator is an electromechanical device which can transduce energy between electrical and mechanical. Piezoelectric actuator is a nonlinear device because of hysteresis. The tracking control of a nonlinear system is difficult. Many methods have been proposed to compensate the hysteresis effect in the piezoelectric actuator. In this paper, Bouc-wen model is used to study the behaviour of the hysteresis effect. Inverse Bouc-wen model (feedforward model) is used to compensate the hysteresis effect in actuator. Feedforward-feedback control system is utilized to compensate the hysteresis and to improve the tracking accuracy. In this paper, feedforward and feedforwardfeedback controller of APA230L piezoelectric actuator were presented to control the output displacement. Simulation and experimental tests were conducted to verify of the proposed controller.
A Complex Triangle

The coral-seaweed-herbivore triangle is an accepted generalization embedded within a highly complex web of biotic interactions and abiotic conditions that bring exceptions. The pattern is confirmed by observations that herbivorous fishes and urchins can have very strong effects on the standing crop of reef macroalgae, thereby opening space for corals to thrive. However, other factors, such as the abundance and distribution of territorial damselfishes, shelter for schooling herbivores, water motion, and nutrient flux, as well as multiple stressors on corals, can modify this basic pattern, sometimes strongly. High levels of herbivory lead to dominance by low-lying algae, including crustose corallines that may foster coral settlement. The intensity of herbivory by schooling fishes often varies unimodally with depth: low in very shallow water due to wave stress and other factors limiting accessibility by fishes, high at moderate depths, and low in deeper water where coral growth that provides shelter for fishes declines. Dense stands of macroalgae tend to thrive where herbivores are rare due to lack of habitat complexity that provides refuges from predation. Herbivorous damselfishes can act as natural cages by inhibiting schooling grazers and maintaining a high diversity of mid-successional algae within their territories via moderate grazing (intermediate-predation effect). These algal mats not only inhibit coral growth, but also serve as localized refugia for small invertebrates and newly settled fishes. Nutrients also play a pivotal role in structuring benthic algal productivity, standing crops, and species assemblages. Besides directly consuming corals or algae, reef fishes can also affect invertebrate corallivores and herbivores, causing subsequent indirect effects on reef benthos. Examples include predation on the corallivorous crown-of-thorns seastar and herbivorous sea urchins, the latter causing halos around patch reefs where urchins remain near cover. From a management perspective, conserving herbivores is clearly important for keeping reef algae in check. Maintaining both the abundance and species diversity of herbivores of a variety of sizes, especially via marine reserves, is likely the best means of ensuring that macroalgae do not displace corals. Such rules of thumb are likely essential for fostering the ecological resilience of coral reefs, especially in the context of a warming and acidifying ocean.