Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Gibbs phenomenon bounds in wavelet approximations

Typical Gibbs phenomenon manifests itself by appearance of overshoots and undershoots around the jump discontinuities. It is well known that the first maximum and minimum of approximation of the signum function by the truncated Fourier integral is 1.17898 and 0.9028 respectively, which divided to the jump discontinuity correspond to 8.95% the Gibbs overshoot and to 4.86% undershoot. We proved that the Gibbs overshoot of any integral wavelet transform is less than 8.95%; if integral wavelet transform is defined by tight wavelet, then the Gibbs overshoot does not exceed 7.07%. When the integral wavelet transform is defined by the Shannon wavelet, the Gibbs overshoot and undershoot equals to 7.07% and 1.73%. We have found compactly supported orthogonal wavelet having filter length 10, that defines dyadic wavelet expansion having bigger the Gibbs overshoot then the one of the Fourier integral.
Abdomen abierto: de la infección a la cicatrización. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Las heridas cronicas representan un desafio tanto para el equipo de salud como para el paciente en lo que respecta al manejo, seguimiento a largo plazo, resultado cosmetico, efectos sobre la calidad de vida y la autoimagen. Este articulo inicialmente se enfoca sobre un paciente que curso con una herida abdominal compleja secundaria a una herida traumatica del colon y contaminacion fecal masiva secundaria. En segundo lugar, revisa los objetivos del tratamiento local de la herida y hace una descripcion de algunos tipos de apositos, su composicion, caracteristicas e indicaciones. Se incluyen productos como hidrocoloides, alginatos, hidrogel, espumas de poliuretano y apositos impregados con plata. Por ultimo, enfatiza que el tratamiento de las heridas cronicas debe restaurar el balance de los factores que determinan la cicatrizacion. El manejo debe ser complejo, organizado y basado en una estrecha cooperacion entre el equipo de salud y el paciente.
Visualizing a Sequence of a Thousand Graphs (or Even More)

The visualization of dynamic graphs demands visually encoding at least three major data dimensions: vertices, edges, and time steps. Many of the state‐of‐the‐art techniques can show an overview of vertices and edges but lack a data‐scalable visual representation of the time aspect. In this paper, we address the problem of displaying dynamic graphs with a thousand or more time steps. Our proposed interleaved parallel edge splatting technique uses a time‐to‐space mapping and shows the complete dynamic graph in a static visualization. It provides an overview of all data dimensions, allowing for visually detecting time‐varying data patterns; hence, it serves as a starting point for further data exploration. By applying clustering and ordering techniques on the vertices, edge splatting on the links, and a dense time‐to‐space mapping, our approach becomes visually scalable in all three dynamic graph data dimensions. We illustrate the usefulness of our technique by applying it to call graphs and US domestic flight data with several hundred vertices, several thousand edges, and more than a thousand time steps.
Manager or Musician? - About virtuosity in live electronic music

the sensors, the logic, the artistic debate, the technical debate, the circuits, the theories about perception, the new war driven technologies, the ability or dis-ability to communicate, the conferences, the endless experimentation with system tweaks, the touch and sound, the reoccurring state of disbelief, the craving for the stage, the difficult and great collaborations, composing the now, the survival of the electronic music scenes, the nime, the industry, the independents, the musical fun, the appreciation of difference, the body as source of electrical and musical energy, the bonding of thinkers, the rapid improvisers, . just to extrapolate some ingredients and vehicles of our quest.
Emergence of nontrivial magnetic excitations in a spin-liquid state of kagomé volborthite

Significance The Hall effect is due to the nature of the charge carriers in a conductor, which experience the Lorentz force in the presence of magnetic field. In antiferromagnetic insulators with geometrical frustrations, charge carries are absent, but the spin degrees of freedom form disordered liquid-like states with unusual excitations that can carry heat. Here, we report the observation of the thermal version of the Hall effect in a spin-liquid state of a quantum magnet with frustrated two-dimensional kagomé structure. Our finding implies the emergence of nontrivial excitations in a spin-liquid state that experience the fictitious Lorentz force, possibly related to the geometrical phase of the quantum-mechanical wave function in many-body systems. When quantum fluctuations destroy underlying long-range ordered states, novel quantum states emerge. Spin-liquid (SL) states of frustrated quantum antiferromagnets, in which highly correlated spins fluctuate down to very low temperatures, are prominent examples of such quantum states. SL states often exhibit exotic physical properties, but the precise nature of the elementary excitations behind such phenomena remains entirely elusive. Here, we use thermal Hall measurements that can capture the unexplored property of the elementary excitations in SL states, and report the observation of anomalous excitations that may unveil the unique features of the SL state. Our principal finding is a negative thermal Hall conductivity κxy which the charge-neutral spin excitations in a gapless SL state of the 2D kagomé insulator volborthite Cu3V2O7(OH)2⋅2H2O exhibit, in much the same way in which charged electrons show the conventional electric Hall effect. We find that κxy is absent in the high-temperature paramagnetic state and develops upon entering the SL state in accordance with the growth of the short-range spin correlations, demonstrating that κxy is a key signature of the elementary excitation formed in the SL state. These results suggest the emergence of nontrivial elementary excitations in the gapless SL state which feel the presence of fictitious magnetic flux, whose effective Lorentz force is found to be less than 1/100 of the force experienced by free electrons.
Phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems of bacteria.

Numerous gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria take up carbohydrates through the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS). This system transports and phosphorylates carbohydrates at the expense of PEP and is the subject of this review. The PTS consists of two general proteins, enzyme I and HPr, and a number of carbohydrate-specific enzymes, the enzymes II. PTS proteins are phosphoproteins in which the phospho group is attached to either a histidine residue or, in a number of cases, a cysteine residue. After phosphorylation of enzyme I by PEP, the phospho group is transferred to HPr. The enzymes II are required for the transport of the carbohydrates across the membrane and the transfer of the phospho group from phospho-HPr to the carbohydrates. Biochemical, structural, and molecular genetic studies have shown that the various enzymes II have the same basic structure. Each enzyme II consists of domains for specific functions, e.g., binding of the carbohydrate or phosphorylation. Each enzyme II complex can consist of one to four different polypeptides. The enzymes II can be placed into at least four classes on the basis of sequence similarity. The genetics of the PTS is complex, and the expression of PTS proteins is intricately regulated because of the central roles of these proteins in nutrient acquisition. In addition to classical induction-repression mechanisms involving repressor and activator proteins, other types of regulation, such as antitermination, have been observed in some PTSs. Apart from their role in carbohydrate transport, PTS proteins are involved in chemotaxis toward PTS carbohydrates. Furthermore, the IIAGlc protein, part of the glucose-specific PTS, is a central regulatory protein which in its nonphosphorylated form can bind to and inhibit several non-PTS uptake systems and thus prevent entry of inducers. In its phosphorylated form, P-IIAGlc is involved in the activation of adenylate cyclase and thus in the regulation of gene expression. By sensing the presence of PTS carbohydrates in the medium and adjusting the phosphorylation state of IIAGlc, cells can adapt quickly to changing conditions in the environment. In gram-positive bacteria, it has been demonstrated that HPr can be phosphorylated by ATP on a serine residue and this modification may perform a regulatory function.
Revisiting the ‘Is GIScience a science?’ debate (or quite possibly scientific gerrymandering)

This article was motivated by a senior biologist calling a junior GIScientist's bluff, when she attempted to wave the flag for GISc (Geographic Information Science). Whether GISc is a science is a long-standing debate, and one that continuously resurfaces within the literature and within the everyday lives of a GIScientist; not least those that have senior biologists poking fun at their discipline. It is ever pertinent in the face of changing disciplinary boundaries, be they mergers of departments or shifts from departments to research groups and of changes in research funding regimes. Despite a number of previous articles, there is scope for further discussion, bringing that argument closer to a much larger and longer standing debate in science, that of the demarcation problem. The purpose of this article is to revisit the question of whether GISc is a science, applying the ideas formulated within the philosophy of science on the demarcation problem. The conclusion drawn is that GISc can indeed be considered a science.
Harnessing the Power of Radionuclides for Optical Imaging: Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging

Over the past several years, nuclear imaging modalities such as PET and SPECT have received much attention because they have been instrumental not only in preclinical cancer research but also in nuclear medicine. Yet nuclear imaging is limited by high instrumentation cost and subsequently low availability to basic researchers. Cerenkov radiation, a relativistic physical phenomenon that was discovered 70 years ago, has recently become an intriguing subject of study in molecular imaging because of its potential in augmenting nuclear imaging, particularly in preclinical small-animal studies. The intrinsic capability of radionuclides emitting luminescent light from decay is promising because of the possibility of bridging nuclear imaging with optical imaging—a modality that is much less expensive, is easier to use, and has higher throughput than its nuclear counterpart. Thus, with the maturation of this novel imaging technology using Cerenkov radiation, which is termed Cerenkov luminescence imaging, it is foreseeable that advances in both nuclear imaging and preclinical research involving radioisotopes will be significantly accelerated in the near future.
Characteristics and metabolic pathways of fluorene ( FLU ) degradation by strain Rhodococcus sp . USTB-C isolated from crude oil

A fluorene-degrading strain named USTB-C was isolated from crude oil of production well in Dagang oil field, southeast of Tianjin, northeast China. The 16S rDNA sequence of USTB-C showed 100% similarity with that of Rhodococcus erythropolis PR4, it was belonged to Rhodococcus. The strain USTB-C could remove 55.8% of fluorene with an initial concentration of 100 mg L in 23 days without other substrates. It implied that the strain USTB-C showed the potential to degrading efficient of fluorene. Based on the intermediate metabolites analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we deduced the possible metabolic pathway of strain USTB-C for fluorene biodegradation. Fluorene was initially oxidized at C-9 positions finally resulting 9-fluorenone. Through hydrolysis reaction, 9-fluorene subject to form phthalic acid. Furthermore, phthalic acid was further degraded to1 -hydroxybenzene. USTB-C evidently possesses efficient, high effective degrader and potential for further application on the enhanced bioremediation technologies for treating fluorene-contaminated soil.
The handicap of abnormal colour vision

All people with abnormal colour vision, except for a few mildly affected deuteranomals, report that they experience problems with colour in everyday life and at work. Contemporary society presents them with increasing problems because colour is now so widely used in printed materials and in computer displays. Equal opportunity law gives them protection against unfair discrimination in employment, so a decision to exclude a person from employment on the grounds of abnormal colour vision must now be well supported by good evidence and sound argument. This paper reviews the investigations that have contributed to understanding the nature and consequences of the problems they have.
Borrelia burgdorferi BBA74, a Periplasmic Protein Associated with the Outer Membrane, Lacks Porin-Like Properties

ABSTRACT The outer membrane of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, contains very few integral membrane proteins, in contrast to other gram-negative bacteria. BBA74, a Borrelia burgdorferi plasmid-encoded protein, was proposed to be an integral outer membrane protein with putative porin function and designated as a 28-kDa outer membrane-spanning porin (Oms28). In this study, the biophysical properties of BBA74 and its subcellular localization were investigated. BBA74 is posttranslationally modified by signal peptidase I cleavage to a mature 25-kDa protein. The secondary structure of BBA74 as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy consists of at least 78% α-helix with little β-sheet structure. BBA74 in intact B. burgdorferi cells was insensitive to proteinase K digestion, and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy showed that BBA74 was not exposed on the cell surface. Triton X-114 extraction of outer membrane vesicle preparations indicated that BBA74 is not an integral membrane protein. Taken together, the data indicate that BBA74 is a periplasmic, outer membrane-associated protein that lacks properties typically associated with porins.
Assessment of adverse events in the demise of pediatric burn patients.

BACKGROUND Given the contention that survival is to be expected from even the most severely burned child, then, intuitively, at least some pediatric burn victims die because of suboptimal care. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of any adverse events that may have contributed to the death of burned children. METHODS Four surgeons with specialty training in pediatric burn care reviewed the clinical course and autopsy findings of 71 burned children who died after admission to a burn center during a 10-year interval. Reviewers were asked to determine the predominant factor or factors contributing to each child's demise and to assess the significance of any deviations from optimal care. RESULTS For the 10 years under review, overall mortality for all pediatric burns was 2.4%. Of these deaths, 25% had burns encompassing less than 50% body surface area. The reviewers identified lung damage as the most frequent cause of death, which was deemed largely unpreventable. Conversely, hypovolemia related to inadequate prehospital fluid resuscitation and failure to obtain and maintain a patent airway were considered the second and third most common factors in a child's death and deemed preventable under ideal circumstances. CONCLUSIONS This review implies that deficiencies in health care contribute to the demise of many burned children. The most notable areas for improvement are in fluid resuscitation and airway control. This suggests that quality assurance and educational initiatives to improve these aspects of care may have the greatest impact on further improving survival of burned children.
Psychological Medicine

Dear Editor, Many more studies are directed toward disproving the association between advancing paternal age and increasing offspring risk for schizophrenia, first proposed in 2001 (Malaspina et al., 2001), than were brought to bear against the ‘schizophrenogenic mother’ hypothesis (Fromm-Reichmann, 1948) that predominated for over 30 years! Weiser and colleagues have published the latest of these studies, concluding that older paternal age did not predict an increased risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder after controlling for father’s age at the birth of his first child (Weiser et al., 2019). Missing from this consideration are the results of two recent and highly salient studies. First of all, Wang and colleagues demonstrated a robust association between advancing paternal age and offspring risk for early onset schizophrenia that was unexplained by parental polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia, supporting a de novo origin for paternal age-related schizophrenia (Wang et al., 2019), despite an independent association between later fatherhood and genetic susceptibility. In addition, another recent study found that fathers who married later sired their offspring after significantly shorter periods of pre-pregnancy sexual contact with the mother, a newly described independent risk factor for schizophrenia across all paternal ages (Malaspina et al., 2019). A short duration of parental sexual cohabitation is also a risk factor for preeclampsia. As placental genes activated by pregnancy complications are included in the genome wide association signal for schizophrenia (Ursini et al., 2018), older fathers may contribute to schizophrenia risk by siring their first offspring after a relatively short sexual relationship. The Weiser study also erred in dichotomizing paternal age at 45 years with respect to offspring risks. There is consistent evidence of a linearly increasing offspring risk for schizophrenia as paternal age advances, even for men across their 30s, so their analysis did not place most of the population level burden for the paternal age-related risk pathway in their older father category. Crucially, although the increased risk for schizophrenia is small for men aged 30–39 years, most offspring are sired by men of these ages, so this risk substantially contributes to the population-attributable risk. Further studies can illuminate the pathobiology of risk factors that may bear on person specific treatments, including paternal aging and short durations of sexual contact by specific parents before conception.
Interne Prozessoptimierung und Auslagerung in der genossenschaftlichen FinanzGruppe: Erste Ergebnisse einer empirischen Erhebung

Die Veranderung regulatorischer und anderer Rahmenbedingungen hat das Marktumfeld fur Banken noch kompetitiver gemacht und es ist davon auszugehen, dass sich die aktuellen Entwicklungen in diese Richtung weiter fortsetzen werden. Auch fur Genossenschaftsbanken stellt sich daher die Herausforderung, die Wertschopfung sowie die internen Prozesse weiter zu optimieren, um wettbewerbsfahig zu bleiben oder die Wettbewerbsfahigkeit zu erhohen. Dabei konkurrieren unterschiedliche Strategien und ein systematischer Vergleich setzt eine fundierte Bestandsaufnahme der Aktivitaten der Vergangenheit ebenso voraus wie die Isolierung ihrer Einflussfaktoren. Dies ist bisher nicht erfolgt und bildet die Zielsetzung des vorliegenden IfG-Arbeitspapieres von Johannes Spandau. Auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen empirischen Erhebung gelang es ihm, eine sorgfaltige Bestandsaufnahme der internen Prozessoptimierung von Genossenschaftsbanken und von Prozessauslagerungen sowie der sie beeinflussenden Faktoren durchzufuhren. Sie bildete das Fundament fur die Analyse wettbewerbsentscheidender Faktoren und Ergebnisse. Die vorgelegten Ergebnisse sind bisher nicht vorhanden und werden hiermit zur Diskussion gestellt. Das Arbeitspapier stammt aus dem IfG-Forschungscluster III: Genossenschaftsstrategische Fragen.
Application of hybrid energy storage system in a grid interactive microgrid environment

Integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the ac grid is growing very rapidly to meet the high and reliable load demand. The penetration of this growing microgrid structures within the distribution network are leading to several challenging power quality issues. It is mandatory to maintain the voltage and frequency within the prescribed limits at the local bus under any condition of the renewable sources and load. It is a known fact that the behaviour of RES, loads are unpredictable and the need for energy storage system (ESS) becomes extremely important. The sharing of power among grid, RES and storage plays a very vital role for the stable operation of grid integrated microgrid system. Also, the energy storage devices (ESD) need to be operated within its safe limits. Hence a simple control algorithm for power management is being formulated to generate references for RES, ESS interfaced power electronic converters and grid connected converter to mitigate the power imbalance within the dc grid and support sudden frequency variations of the ac grid. Further this method also improves the power quality condition of the ac system. The proposed algorithm is tested and validated using MATLAB based Simulink environment.
A transmission scheme for wireless network with receiver cooperation

We propose a transmission scheme for the receiver cooperative wireless channel with two source-destination pairs, in which the receivers help each other by exchanging information. We decompose the channel into two orthogonal frequency bands. In each band, it reduces to a three-user multiple-access channel (MAC). Based on an encoding scheme for MAC with common information, a decode-and-forward-type transmission scheme is constructed. The resulting achievable rate region is numerically compared with an information-theoretic outer bound and two other transmission schemes.
The substrate specificity of 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine methyltransferase.

The presence in Escherichia coli extracts of a B12-independent methyltransferase capable of methylating homocysteine with methyl-H4-PteGlu3* was demonstrated by D. D. Woods and his associates (Guest, Friedman, Foster, Tejerina & Woods, 1964b). Similar enzymes have been reported to occur in other micro-organisms (Woods, Foster & Guest, 1964; Morningstar & Kisliuk, 1965; Cauthen, Foster & Woods, 1966; & Sakami, 1969) and in higher plants (Woods al. 1964; & Sakami, 1969). The enzyme of E. coli was reported to be specific for folates containing at least three glutamic acid residues (Guest, Friedman, Dilworth & Woods, 1964a) and therefore was termed a 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine methyltransferase. In the interpretation of the results of our experi-mnents on methionine-requiring strains of Neuro-spora crassa blocked between homocysteine and methionine, the ability ofthe organism to methylate homocysteine methyl-H4-PteGlu2 was of importance. N. crassa possesses only the B12-independent methyltransferase. associates PteGlu2
Exploration and observation planning for 3D indoor mapping

This paper deals with an observation planning for indoor 3D mapping. We consider the case where the robot makes a map with different resolutions; it observes informative regions from near positions. Since observing a region with a higher resolution requires more time, we need to carefully choose viewpoints for such observations. This paper therefore focuses on viewpoint planning for observing a set of informative (or important) regions. We develop a robot system which first explores an environment to make a 2D map using a 2D LIDAR and then uses the map for localizing informative regions and plans a sequence of viewpoints from which all of the regions can be observed with a RGB-D camera. The viewpoint planner tries to minimize the sum of view and travelling cost. We also investigate the trade-off between planning cost and plan quality.