Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards an M-banking framework for rural SMEs in Bangladesh

This research aims at discovering factors which impact on the intention of rural SME owners and managers to adopt m-banking in Bangladesh. Over the last ten years, a wide spectrum of mbanking frameworks has emerged that offers new insights into the adoption and acceptance of mbanking. However, m-banking has still not been extended to rural Bangladesh. To fill the gap this research surveyed 550 SMEs owners/managers in four rural villages. The result indicates that poor banking facilities, cost, credibility, gender, education and SME category are the main factors that significantly influence the intention to adopt m-banking. The analysis introduces three factors which have been largely overlooked in prior literature. The study broadens our understanding of m-banking and provides insights into developing m-banking strategies in Bangladesh. This research will be of potential value in accelerating the development of m-banking in Bangladesh.
Confounding effects of coral growth and high SST variability on skeletal Sr/Ca: Implications for coral paleothermometry

Massive corals offer continuous records of climate locked within their skeleton, with the most commonly applied paleo‐thermometer being Sr/Ca. Recently, however, problems with Sr/Ca thermometry indicate that the intrinsic variance of single‐core Sr/Ca time series differs between cores. Here, we compare the Sr/Ca records and growth parameters of two Porites lutea colonies sampled from the same reef zone, 0.72 km apart, with two gridded SST datasets, ERSST and HadISST, off NE Madagascar. Specifically, we address seasonal and interannual variability as well as trend differences between records over the same 43 year period. The two gridded SST datasets showed strong seasonality and weak positive ENSO anomalies on a slow 43 year warming trend at significantly different rates. Both the coral Sr/Ca records showed the same clear seasonality and similar amplitudes in SST. However, on interannual timescales, they displayed diverging 43 year Sr/Ca trends and opposite responses to weak ENSO anomalies. Moreover, their growth response also differed as one coral showed increasing extension/calcification rates and Sr/Ca ratios (cooling) over the 43 years, while the other coral showed decreasing extension/calcification rates and Sr/Ca ratios (warming). Further, during positive ENSO events, the calcification rates of the two corals were negatively correlated, while skeletal density anomalies were opposite. Possible explanations to why these corals are so different may be related to the corals growth response to SST changes. The growth response of individual corals to increasing SST seems to be opposite, which in turn are likely related to biological factors. Consequently, coral growth responses explain much of the inter‐colony Sr/Ca variability.
Strong constraints on a super-Eddington accretion flow: XMM–Newton observations of an intermediate-mass black hole

RX J1140.1+0307 is a Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) with one of the lowest black hole masses known in an AGN (M ≤ 106 M⊙). We show results from two new XMM–Newton observations, exhibiting soft 2–10 keV spectra, a strong excess at lower energies, and fast X-ray variability which is typical of this class of AGN. The soft excess can be equally well fit using either low-temperature Comptonization or highly smeared, ionized reflection models, but we additionally consider the fast X-ray variability to produce covariance, lag and coherence spectra to show that the low-temperature Comptonization model gives a better description of the break in variability properties between soft and hard X-rays. Both these models require an additional component at the softest energies, as expected from the accretion disc. However, standard disc models cannot connect this to the optical/UV emission from the outer disc unless the mass is underestimated by an order of magnitude. The variable optical and far UV emission instead suggests that L/LEdd ∼ 10 through the outer disc, in which case advection and/or wind losses are required to explain the observed broad-band spectral energy distribution. This implies that the accretion geometry close to the black hole is unlikely to be a flat disc as assumed in the recent X-ray reverberation mapping techniques.
Recent ice dynamic and surface mass balance of Union Glacier in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Here we present the results of a com- prehensive glaciological investigation of Union Glacier (79°46 0 S/83°24 0 W) in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), a major outlet glacier within the Ellsworth Mountains. Union Glacier flows into the Ronne Ice Shelf, where recent mod- els have indicated the potential for significant grounding line zone (GLZ) migrations in response to changing climate and ocean conditions. To elaborate a glaciological base line that can help to evaluate the potential impact of this GLZ change scenario, we installed an array of stakes on Union Glacier in 2007. The stake network has been surveyed repeatedly for el- evation, velocity, and net surface mass balance. The region of the stake measurements is in near-equilibrium, and ice speeds are 10 to 33 m a 1 . Ground-penetrating radars (GPR) have been used to map the subglacial topography, internal struc- ture, and crevasse frequency and depth along surveyed tracks in the stake site area. The bedrock in this area has a min- imum elevation of 858 m a.s. l. , significantly deeper than shown by BEDMAP2 data. However, between this deeper area and the local GLZ, there is a threshold where the sub- glacial topography shows a maximum altitude of 190 m. This subglacial condition implies that an upstream migration of the GLZ will not have strong effects on Union Glacier until it passes beyond this shallow ice pinning point.
What are the Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation and/or Success of Quality Improvement and Risk Management in Hospitals: A Systematic Literature Review

1EA 7425 Health Services and Performance Research, Université Claude Bernard Lyon; Hospices civils de Lyon, France 2CCECQA, Plateau Technique, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, 33604 PESSAC, France 3Institut de Santé Publique, d’Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Universite Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 146 rue Leo Saignat-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France 4Centre Hospitalier de Mont de Marsan, Avenue Pierre de CoubertinMont de Marsan, France 5Université Bordeaux Segalen, Laboratoire de Psychologie (Santé et Qualité de Vie) EA 4139, 3 ter, place de la Victoire, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France Received date: 01 May 2016; Accepted date: 09 May 2016; Published date: 12 May 2016.
Central limit theorem for an additive functional of the fractional Brownian motion

We prove a central limit theorem for an additive functional of the d-dimensional fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index H 2 ( 1 d+2 ; 1 d ), using the method of moments, extending the result by Papanicolaou, Stroock and Varadhan in the case of the standard Brownian motion.
Urban human-biometeorology supports urban planning to handle the challenge by increasing severe heat

Regional climate change in Central Europe will lead to an increase of severe summer heat. It causes a new challenge for urban planning in Central European cities, as their design and citizens are not adapted to this meteorological hazard. For the development and application of suitable methods, which enable a local reduction of the heat impacts on citizens, urban planning is supported by the interdisciplinary field of “Urban human-biometeorology”. This is shown by experimental and numeric investigations, which were performed on typical summer days in different quarters of the city of Freiburg (Southwest Germany). The results point to the significance of thermal assessment indices like the physiologically equivalent temperature PET to quantify the level of heat stress perceived by citizens. In the daytime, outdoor thermal comfort during typical Central European summer weather is strongly governed by the mean radiant temperature. It depends on the shortand long-wave radiant flux densities from the threedimensional environment. Therefore, planning methods to mitigate heat impacts on citizens outdoors should primarily aim at a local reduction of the radiant flux densities. Under a human-biometeorological point of view, shading of the direct solar radiation by the canopy of street trees planted at the S-facing side of E-W street canyons proves to be as most effective.
The influence of crude protein level in the basal diet on the determination of lysine requirements for broiler performance and part yields

Amino acid requirements can be studied maintaining or not the ratio of the amino acids to lysine and changing or not dietary crude protein level. A third alternative was studied in this study conducted to evaluate broiler performance and weight gain of carcass parts, in response to increasing dietary digestible lysine (dig Lys) levels (0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.055, 1.11, 1.165, and 1.22%). Two basal diets were formulated to contain 19.0% (diet A) and 20.5% (diet B) crude protein, and Met, Arg and Thr levels were formulated to maintain their ideal ratio to Lys. Three hundred and twenty CobbXCobb500 broilers, from 19 to 40 days of age, were used. Basal diet A was set for the 4 lowest levels of dig Lys, and diet B for the other four levels. Body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed intake, Lys intake, feed conversion (FC), carcass part weights and carcass, breast, leg, and thigh protein and fat were evaluated. Body weight, WG and Lys intake linearly increased with increasing dietary dig Lys, independently of basal diet CP content. A multiple regression effect was observed for FC, with the best estimated levels of dig Lys of 0.96% and 1.18% for diet A and B, respectively. Breast and carcass weight gain and breast protein and water gain showed multiple regression and split curves as a function of basal diet. The best responses were obtained with the highest crude protein level in the basal diet. Therefore, we concluded that high levels of crude protein in basal diets are recommended to study amino acid requirements for broilers.
Efficient Bit-parallel Multiplication with Subquadratic Space Complexity in Binary Extension Field

Bit-parallel multiplication in GF (2) with subquadratic space complexity has been explored in recent years due to its lower area cost compared with traditional parallel multiplications. Based on ’divide and conquer’ technique, several algorithms have been proposed to build subquadratic space complexity multipliers. Among them, Karatsuba algorithm and its generalizations are most often used to construct multiplication architectures with significantly improved efficiency. However, recursively using one type of Karatsuba formula may not result in an optimal structure for many finite fields. It has been shown that improvements on multiplier complexity can be achieved by using a combination of several methods. After completion of a detailed study of existing subquadratic multipliers, this thesis has proposed a new algorithm to find the best combination of selected methods through comprehensive search for constructing polynomial multiplication over GF (2). Using this algorithm, ameliorated architectures with shortened critical path or reduced gates cost will be obtained for the given value of n, where n is in the range of [126, 600] reflecting the key size for current cryptographic applications. With different input constraints the proposed algorithm can also yield subquadratic space multiplier architectures optimized for trade-offs between space and time. Optimized multiplication architectures over NIST recommended fields generated from the proposed algorithm are presented and analyzed in detail. Compared with existing works with subquadratic space complexity, the proposed architectures are highly modular and have improved efficiency on space or time complexity. Finally generalization of the proposed algorithm to be suitable for much larger size of fields is discussed.
Prices and Incentives: Towards a General Theory of Compensation and Competition

This article analyzes the role of competitive compensation schemes (in which pay depends on relative performance) in economies and imperfect information. These compensation schemes have desirable risk, incentive, and flexibility properties; they provide for an automatic adjustment of rewards and incentives in response to common changes in the environment. When environmental uncertainty is large, such schemes are shown to be preferable to individualistic reward structures; in the limit, as the number of contestants becomes large, expected utility may approach the first-best (perfect information) level. We study the design of contests, including the optimal use of prizes versus punishments and absolute versus relative performance standards. The analysis can also be viewed as a contribution to the multiagent, single-principal problem.
Polymorphisms of HLA Class I (A and B) Alleles in Iraqi Patients with Hydatid Disease

Hydatid disease or cystic echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of tape worm is one of the most significant zoonosis all around the world. In addition to environmental factors, genetic constitution of hosts seems to play a crucial role in acquiring the infection and developing disease. This study was carried out to investigate the association of HLA-class class I (A, B) with hydatid disease by genotyping in Iraqi patients, as well as to provide information about genotypes that confer susceptibility or resistance to develop the disease. Thirty patients with hydatid disease their age range (16-57) years and twenty healthy controls their ages were matched with the patients were enrolled in this study. Blood was collected from patients and controls, DNA was extracted from blood samples, and then HLA-Class I genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSO). The present findings showed that HLA-A *0273 allele is significantly higher in control group (20%) than patients group (0%), (P=021). Furthermore the current study could not observe significant differences in frequencies of HLA-B alleles between patients and control groups. We concluded that HLA-A *0273 allele may might indicate resistance to disease among patients, and the lack of association between patients group and HLA alleles could reflect racial genetic variation in HLA allelic frequencies.
Kimiabeigi M, Widmer JD, Baker NJ, Martin R, Mecrow BC, Michaelides A. Three-Dimensional Modelling of Demagnetization and Utilization of Poorer Magnet Materials for EV/HEV Applications. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2016, 31(3), 981-992

High performance electric motor designs with ferrite magnets have recently gained interest due to the high and volatile price of rare earth magnets. However, due to the relatively poor coercivity of ferrite magnets, these designs are highly susceptible to demagnetization, as a result of which accurate modelling and better understanding of this phenomenon is particularly important. In this paper, the impact of the motor stack length and level of magnetic saturation on the demagnetization risk are studied based on 3-Dimensional Finite Element (3D FE) simulations and a proposed lumped circuit model. It is shown that reducing the stack length can significantly enhance the demagnetization resistance, with the effect being more pronounced for designs with a higher level of magnetic saturation. To benchmark the practicality of the concept, a previously presented high performance ferrite based design is modified by using a 30% weaker grade of ferrite magnet whilst shortening the stack length. It is shown that the demagnetization withstand capability of the design was significantly enhanced and exceeded the short circuit requirement with a good safety margin. The theoretical findings have been supported by prototype testing.
The dependence of the generalized Radon transform on defining measures

ABsmAcr. Guillemin proved that the generalized Radon transform R and its dual R' are Fourier integral operators and that R'R is an elliptic pseudodifferential operator. In this paper we investigate the dependence of the Radon transform on the defining measures. In the general case we calculate the symbol of R'R as a pseudodifferential operator in terms of the measures and give a necessary condition on the defining measures for R'R to be invertible by a differential operator. Then we examine the Radon transform on points and hyperplanes in RX with general measures and we calculate the symbol of R'R in terms of the defining measures. Finally, if R'R is a translation invariant operator on RI then we prove that R'R is invertible and that our condition is equivalent to (R'R)' being a differential operator.
Effect of Pseudomonas Bacteria Biosurfactants on Persian Gulf Crude Oil Water Contamination: Optimized Conditions of Effective Parameters

In this study, effective parameters on pseudomonas bacterial culturing are analyzed individually. Pseudomonas bacteria were applied for oil pollutants segregation from a polluted water sample of Persian Gulf. The bacteria were used for cleaning the sample so that the contents' chemical features could be determined.Salinity and pH parameters were put under observation in different conditions and the results are illustrated in diagrams. Concentration of biosurfactants and conditions of culture medium like oxygen amount and temperature were all determined and analyzed. The influencing parameters on laboratory scale bacterial culturing were varied individually in order to obtain the optimum conditions for oil pollutants cleaning.Taguchi experimental design method was then applied to optimize the bacterial culturing conditions. Salinity, pH amounts, and biosurfactants concentrations were chosen as the parameters that use different levels based on Taguchi method. Eventually, a pH of 8.5, salinity of %2.5 and biosurfactants concentration of %0.1 were determined as the optimum conditions in which bacteria were cultured and grown the most.
MANGROVE PHYTOCHEMICALS INHIBIT AGAINST WEST NILE VIRUS REPLICATION IN-SILICO ANALYSIS

West Nile Virus is an arthropod borne virus of genus Flavivirus. Mosquitoes are predominate arthropod vector. WNV is a single stranded, positive sense RNA of about 11 kb containing a single long open reading frame flanked by Non coding region at both ends. The RdRp polymerase activity of Nonstructural protein NS5 has essential role in viral replication. The RdRp duplicates the single stranded RNA genome during a single, continuous polymerization event. In this study we performed docking study on NS5 Methyltransferase protein as target and ligand compounds are selected from the natural products of mangrove derived compounds and performed the docking to inhibit the viral replication process. The screened mangrove derived compounds were binding site of WNV RdRp which inhibits the viral replication.
Genetic diversity of Czech apple cultivars inferred from microsatellite markers analysis

Patzak J., Paprstein F. , Henychova A. , Sedlak J., 2012. Genetic diversity of Czech apple cultivars inferred from microsatellite markers analysis. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 39: 149-157. Genetic diversity and genetic relationships of Czech apple cultivars were evaluated. Trees of 33 Czech apple cul- tivars and 97 reference foreign cultivars were analysed using the set of 10 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primer pairs. The total of 89 polymorphic alleles were amplified, while the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 14. The SSR dendrogram, based on the Jaccard's similarity coefficient, divided apple cultivars into three major groups: Cox's Orange Pippin, McIntosh and Golden Delicious ancestries. The clustering highly depended on pedigree and origin of apple cultivars. Spontaneous mutated cultivars were identical with their progenitors. We proved that microsatellite markers were useful for evaluation of genetic resources, collection management and cultivar identification.
Pathologic Genomic Rearrangements in Idiopathic Mentally Retarded Patientsfrom Iran

Background: Mental retardation is a relatively frequent disorder and occurs in 1-3% of the general population. Chromosomal rearrangements involving microdeletion and microduplication particularly in subtelomeric regions are involved as a significant cause of idiopathic mental retardation. This study was designed to detect these aberrations in the Iranian patients with idiopathic mental retardation. Seventy six patients with unexplained MR, a normal conventional karyotype and negative for fragile X without a clinically recognizable syndrome were included in our study. We used a combination of MLPA kits procured from MRC Holland to increase the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities in idiopathic MR patients. These kits included P036 and P070 for subtelomeric screening, and in addition P064 and P096 for the 16 common microdeletion syndromes. Results: The MLPA analysis revealed chromosomal aberrations in 8 cases. Conclusion: Using the combination of four MLPA kits the rate of chromosomal abnormality detection in our study was 10.52% which confirms the previous published findings.
Improving the Evaluation Process for Active Safety Functions

The general aim of the present thesis was to improve key steps in the procedure for functional, formative evaluation of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). Five unresolved theoretical and empirical issues were identified and addressed. The first identified issue was the lack of a general conceptual framework for ADAS evaluation that can help formulate functional specifications and generate testable hypotheses on ADAS influence in critical driving scenarios. In response, a conceptual framework called Situational Control was developed. The second issue concerned the current ways in which crash data is used to specify ADAS evaluation scenarios. An improved methodology for linking a set of in-depth investigated case studies to a general crash type was developed and successfully tested. The third issue concerned the extent to which data from in-depth investigations of fatal crashes can be used to specify ADAS evaluation scenarios. Some countries have fully representative in-depth investigated datasets for this crash type, but their relevance for ADAS evaluation has not been investigated. An empirical study of causation information in fatal intersection crashes was performed. However, the information collected in these investigations was found to be limited in ways which made them less useful for defining ADAS evaluation scenarios. The fourth issue was whether sufficiently critical driving events that result in realistic driver responses can be created and repeated in driving simulator based ADAS evaluation. A study was performed in which two groups of drivers, one with and one without FCW, were exposed to repeated critical lead vehicle braking events. Results indicate that while creating a single surprise event is possible, interaction effects that compromise result generalizability occur when the critical event is repeated. The fifth issue concerned principles for how to assess the combined influence multiple ADAS when present in the same vehicle. A study of an FOT evaluated ADAS bundle consisting of FCW and ACC was carried out to empirically test whether existing conceptual models for calculating the combined effect of multiple safety functions were applicable. The results indicate that existing models were too simplistic to account for the complex modifications of driver behavior found in the data.