Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stem xylem conductivity is key to plant water balance across Australian angiosperm species

Summary 1. Plants must balance water expenditure from their crown with water supplied through root and stem tissues. Although many different combinations of hydraulic traits could accomplish water balance, we ask whether variation across species in stem hydraulic traits has been concentrated along few, or many, dimensions of trait variation. 2. We measured stem hydraulic traits for 120 woody dicot species across a range of different biomes in eastern Australia. Mean annual temperatures ranged from 10 to 27 °C and aridity (precipitation/potential evapotranspiration) from 0·33 to 1·02 across study sites. 3. Xylem-specific conductivity, species’ height and ratio of leaf area to xylem area were positively correlated, manifesting as a single axis of trait variation, with other traits mostly orthogonal to this axis. Thus, as height and ratio of leaf area to xylem area increased across species and habitats (increasing resistance per leaf area), xylem-specific conductivity partially compensated for this resistance. Xylem-specific conductivity was well predicted by increasing height (r2 = 0·45) and ratio of leaf area to xylem area (r2 = 0·36). This three-trait axis was positively correlated with increasing precipitation (r2 = 0·28) and temperature (r2 = 0·15), but most of the explained variance lay within sites (39%) rather than across sites (10%). Thus, the spread of species’ traits along this functional axis reflected structural and hydraulic differences among co-occurring species, at least as much as it reflected differences associated with contrasting climates. 4. High xylem-specific conductivity in stems was accomplished by high vessel diameter to number ratio (r2 = 0·32) and/or by high vessel lumen fraction (r2 = 0·13). Low midday water potential (higher xylem tension) was associated with low ratio of vessel diameter to number (r2 = 0·25), whereas low specific gravity (r2 = 0·18) and stiffness (r2 = 0·12) were associated with high vessel lumen fraction. 5. Light capture (i.e. increasing height and leafiness) may be facilitated by high xylem-specific conductivity, but marked increases in xylem-specific conductivity may also be associated with reduced hydraulic and mechanical safety. Although the trade-offs associated with increasing xylem-specific conductivity remain unclear, our data suggest that xylem-specific conductivity is important for maintaining water balance across a large range of species and biomes.
Use Values and Cultural Importance of Major Tropical Fruit Trees: An Analysis from 24 Village Sites Across South and South-East Asia

Native communities of South and South East Asia, a centre of diversity of tropical fruit trees (TFT), share a common cultural heritage associated with tropical fruits. Unfortunately, there is a dramatic loss of traditional knowledge associated with TFTs. This comparative study was undertaken in 24 village communities spread across India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand using structured questionnaires and multiple approaches to document use-value of TFTs. Considering only four focal genera of TFT species viz., Mangifera, Garcinia, Citrus and Nephelium, an amazing diversity of 56 species was reported to be utilized by the communities. Ranking of species based on the number of use-categories and based on the cultural importance value showed differences. Mangifera indica, Citrus aurantifolia and C. reticulata were the three extensively used TFTs as food and for processing. As revealed by Jaccards’ index, three South East Asian countries showed a higher similarity among themselves than India. M. indica, M. pajang, M. foetida, G. morella, G. atroviridis, G. mangostana, C. hystrix, C. aurantifolia and C. grandis were culturally the most significant TFTs and hence may be conserved with high priority.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Is fetoplacental doppler ultrasound useful in the diagnosis and follow-up?

DOI: 10.4328/ACAM.20203 Received: 2020-05-05 Accepted: 2020-06-05 Published Online: 2020-06-22 Printed: 2021-01-01 Ann Clin Anal Med 2021;12(1):87-91 Corresponding Author: Mehmet Tolga Kafadar, Dicle University School of Medicine Department of General Surgery, Diyarbakır, Turkey. E-mail: drtolgakafadar@hotmail.com P: + 90 412 24880014679,4979 Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9178-7843 Abstract Aim: In this study, we aimed to examine whether Doppler ultrasonography (USG) is an important diagnostic tool for fetal follow-up in case of obstetric cholestasis. Material and Methods: This study included 50 patients diagnosed with obstetric cholestasis and 39 pregnant women turning up for their regular pregnancy follow-up. Pregnants were diagnosed according to definition, symptoms, and laboratory findings. Biochemical tests, bile acid test, upper abdominal USG, NonStress Test (NST), obstetric USG, amniotic fluid test, and fetoplacental Doppler USG were performed on all patients. Systole/Diastole (S/D) ratio of Umbilical artery (UA) and Middle cerebral artery (MCA)s, delivery types of patients, weight at birth, Apgar scores, and the existence of meconium were separately recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients with obstetric cholestasis was 26.6 years, while in the control group it was 25.1 years (p = 0.176). No statistical difference was identified with regard to the average of (UA and MCA)/(S/D) ratio of both patient groups. In terms of delivery type, patients’ UA and MCA S/D ratio averages were not statistically significant. There was no statistical link between cholestasis story in previous pregnancies, cholestasis in the current pregnancy, bile acid, and high ALP and baby’s gender. Discussion: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is also a reversible form of cholestasis and it usually emerges in the late pregnancy period and continues until birth. In this study, it was detected that fetoplacental Doppler USG, which is used as a diagnostic tool for obstetric cholestasis, has a low level of predictivity. During our study, Doppler USG use in obstetric cholestasis diagnosis and follow-up was not effective.
Stable Solid Dispersion Incorporated Sustained Release Oral Gel of 23 mg Donepezil Hcl

The objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate stable solid dispersion incorporated sustained release oral gel of donepezil Hcl. Solid dispersions were prepared using HPMC K100M and stearic acid using physical mixture, co-grinding and fusion methods and incorporated into the previously prepared gel bases using sodium CMC and sodium alginate and suitable formulation was optimised. All the formulations were subjected to physicochemical evaluation parameters. Solid dispersions of donepezil were prepared with HPMC K100 and stearic acid by using different methods like physical mixtures, co grinding and fusion method in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. From the invitro dissolution studies, it was found that SD made by co grinding and fusion method showed sustained release and were selected and incorporated into the gel formulations made of SCMC 4% and sodium alginate 4%. The release studies of solid dispersion incorporated gel SD-HPMC K100M showed (SDG1) 87.55% and (SDG2) 88.9% at 8th hour and SD-stearic acid showed (SDG3) 83.26% and (SDG4) 82.57% at 8th hour. It was concluded that stearic acid solid dispersions incorporated in sodium CMC gels (SDG3) were optimised using short term stability studies with no leakage of drug in comparison to solid dispersions of HPMC K100M in sodium CMC gel l. Physico-chemical evaluation parameters were carried out for optimised formulations and found to be within limits. The optimized SD incorporated gel formulation of donepezil can be an alternative to SR tablet in improving the compliance of the geriatric patients. Keyword: Solid dispersion, sustained release, gel, solid dispersion incorporated gel
Digitalization as an enabler of business model dynamics

The purpose of the article is to answer a research question related to the extent of the impact of digitalization on a business model (BM) of a focal company. An original primary, qualitative research has been conducted. It draws on multiple, in-depth case studies on a globally active B2B incumbent manufacturing companies that recently implemented a digital platform-based customer relationship management system. The data were gathered through participative observation and semi-structured interviews with system users and project leaders. The contribution of the research is in linking the business model dynamic change with a customer relationship management system (CRMS). It identifies the element HOW – value creation – as the mainly affected element of BM of the focal company.
Feminist perspectives

Several years ago, when I was interviewing social activists who were working to address the problem of sex trafficking worldwide, I posed the question, “Do you consider yourself a feminist? ” The common reply from interviewees went something like this: “No, I wouldn’t say I’m a feminist; I think all people should be treated equally and respectfully. ” Before answering the question, “What is feminist criminology ? ,” then, it would be useful to first answer the question, “What is feminism ? ,” for there appears to be some confusion as to the meaning of this term. And it is undeniably a label that nowadays is loaded with social and political baggage. The emergence of contemporary feminism is typically dated to be during the 1960s. At that time in the United States, Canada, Britain, and Europe, various social movements developed in response to widespread social injustice, including racial and ethnic inequality, colonialism, and the Vietnam War. Women were active participants in these movements, but quickly (and correctly) perceived that they frequently were not treated as equals by male participants. At the same time, women in what may be considered more mainstream social venues – for example, government, business, and education – grew increasingly dissatisfied with how little genuine equality they enjoyed despite their formal legal rights. Not surprisingly, university campuses were often at the center of this social and political activism, and many academics – mostly, but not solely, women – began to take a careful look at their respective disciplines to learn how these might be actively or implicitly reproducing social inequalities, including gender inequality. Criminology was no exception. From this introspection, a number of different perspectives emerged, all of which may be labeled feminist. There are several core principles, though, that feminist theories share. First, at the heart of feminism is the recognition that gender is a central organizing principle of social life. Gender may be defined as the socially constructed expectations or norms governing female and male behavior and attitudes that are usually organized dichotomously as femininity and masculinity and that are reproduced and transmitted through socialization. Of course, biology influences the development of gender, too, but while feminist perspectives recognize the complex interaction between biology and environment, feminism emphasizes the socially constructed, rather than innately determined, aspects of gender. 5
AC losses of no-insulation high temperature superconductor (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox coils induced by ripple magnetic fields in machines

No-insulation high temperature superconductor (NI HTS) (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox coil technology is effective in enhancing the thermal stability of HTS coils. Applying the NI technique on the rotor windings of HTS machines can improve the stability and reliability of the machines. However, the NI HTS rotor windings experience ripple magnetic fields, which leads to induced eddy currents through the turn-to-turn contacts. The accompanying turn-to-turn losses will considerably affect the machine efficiency. In this study, we compared experimentally the losses of NI HTS coils subjected to external AC magnetic fields with those of insulated coils. Measurement system based on calibration-free method is developed for the AC loss measurement on HTS coils exposed to external AC magnetic fields. The results show that the AC loss of NI HTS coils can be 20 times higher than that of insulated HTS coils, and lowering turn-to-turn resistivity can significantly reduce this AC loss. Modeling analysis shows that most of induced current flows in the outer turns of the NI HTS coil because of skin effect, and lower turn-to-turn resistivity leads to higher induced current in superconducting layers and more significant accumulation of turn-to-turn loss. This will increase quench risk. Optimization of turn-to-turn resistivity is required when the NI HTS coil is applied in the machines environments.
QSPR Evaluation of thermodynamic properties of acyclic and aromatic compounds

A QSPR study of three fundamental thermodynamic parameters for a representative set of acyclic and aromatic compounds is made on the basis of rather simple topological descriptors. Results are quite satisfactory and they demonstrate the convenience to take into account fundamental concepts on molecular structure, such as atoms and chemical bonds. Numerical comparisons are performed with respect to previous results derived from semiempirical allvalence MNDO, AM1 and PM3 molecular orbital methods. Some possible further extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON POWER ELECTRONICS

This paper demonstrates the functionality of a power electronics based energy management system (EMS). The EMS includes batteries and a digitally controlled single phase voltage source inverter (VSI) which can be controlled as a current source or a voltage source depending on the status of the AC grid and the user’s preference. The EMS guarantees that the critical loads are powered when the AC grid fails; in which case the VSI is controlled as a voltage source. It also ccomplishes peak power control by supplying battery power to the local loads while they are powered by the AC grid if the loads get large. The electricity cost savings accomplished by peak shaving are estimated. The EMS functionality is demonstrated by experimental measurements on a laboratory prototype. The control architecture and logic embedded in the EMS are discussed in detail.
Geant4 Modeling of Cellular Dosimetry of 188Re: Comparison between Geant4 Predicted Surviving Fraction and Experimentally Surviving Fraction Determined by MTT Assay

Background: The importance of cellular dosimetry in both diagnostic and radiation therapy is becoming increasingly recognized. Objective: This study aims to compare surviving fractions, which were predicted using Geant4 and contained three types of cancer cell lines exposed to 188Re with the experimentally surviving fraction determined by MTT assay. Material and Methods: In this comparative study, Geant4 was used to simulate the transport of electrons emitted by 188Re from the cell surface, cytoplasm, nucleus or medium around the cells. The nucleus dose per decay (S-value) was computed for models of single cell and random monolayer cell. Geant4-computed survival fraction (SF) of cancer cells exposed to 188Re was compared with the experimental SF values of MTT assay. Results: For single cell model, Geant4 S-values of nucleus-to-nucleus were consistent with values reported by Goddu et al. (ratio of S-values by analytical techniques vs. Geant4 = 0.811–0.975). Geant4 S-values of cytoplasm and cell surface to nucleus were relatively comparable to the reported values (ratio =0.914–1.21). For monolayer model, the values of SCy→N and SCS→N, were greater compared to those for model of single cell (2%–25% and 4%–38% were larger than single cell, respectively). The Geant4 predicted SF for monolayer MCF7, HeLa and A549 cells was in agreement with the experimental data in 10μCi activity (relative error of 2.29%, 2.69% and 2.99%, respectively). Conclusion: Geant4 simulation with monolayer cell model showed the highest accuracy in predicting the SF of cancer cells exposed to homogeneous distribution of 188Re in the medium.
Using a Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Solving Signal Transmission Station Location and Allocation Problem with Different Regional Communication Quality Restriction

This study aims to investigate the signal transmission station location-allocation problems with the various restricted regional constraints. In each constraint, the types of signal transmission stations and the corresponding numbers and locations are to be decided at the same time. Inappropriate set up of stations is not only causing the unnecessary cost but also making the poor service quality. In this study, we proposed a hybrid evolutionary approach integrating the immune algorithm with particle swarm optimization (IAPSO) to solve this problem where each of the regions is with different maximum failure rate restrictions. We compared the performance of the proposed method with commercial optimization software LINGO®. According to the experimental results, solutions obtained by our IAPSO are better than or as well as the best solutions obtained by LINGO®. It is expected that our research can provide the telecommunication enterprise the optimal/near-optimal strategies for the setup of signal transmission stations.
The Predictive Importance of Selected Protective Factors against Different Types of Antisocial Behavior Manifested by Adolescent Boys and Girls

Ivana Václaviková1, Lenka Selecká1, Slávka Démuthová1, Marek Blatný 2, Michal Hrdlička3 1 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Trnava, Slovak Republic 2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic 3 Department of Paediatric Psychiatry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Czech Republic
ANALYSIS OF FUZZY C MEANS AND SUBTRACTIVE CLUSTERING USING FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE PROCESSING

: This paper presents the clustering techniques fuzzy C-means clustering(FCM) and subtractive clustering for Hyperspectral image dataset. The FCM should be done only on known number of clusters and subtractive clustering can be done on unknown data also. First FCM is done on known hyperspectral image dataset and for the dataset the subtractive clustering is done. Both the algorithms yielded good results. Then both the algorithms performance are evaluated by using Fuzzy Inference system (FIS) model. The model shows improvement in the test data over the training data.
Can weight/length relationship predict size at first maturity? A case study with two species of Characidae

A weight/length relationship was established for Astyanax jacuhiensis (Cope, 1894) (n = 370) and Cheirodon ibicuhiensis Eigenmann, 1915 (n = 701), from samples taken monthly in Fortaleza Lagoon, Cidreira, Rio Grande do Sul, from December 1991 through November 1992. Both species showed a polyphasic allometric growth pattern, each stanza described by an independent power equation controlled by a switch function. For C. ibicuhiensis, this change in the growth pattern occurred at 2.948 cm standard length (SL), close to published sizes for the attainment of female maturity. The change in the growth pattern of A. jacuhiensis (SL = 3.481 cm) was below the predicted size at first maturity, and merits further investigation. Although not conclusive, our data suggest that a complex growth pattern is frequent in nature, and perhaps is not usually identified because trends are obscured by natural variability. Despite the increased complexity resulting from the application of a more-complex equation, the identification of a change in the growth pattern could indicate important aspects of fish biology, including the attainment of sexual maturity.
Cooperative Breeding of the Society Kingfisher (Todiramphus veneratus)

Abstract We present evidence of cooperative breeding in Society Kingfishers (Todiramphus veneratus). Groups of three kingfishers were observed cooperatively excavating nest cavities, incubating, and provisioning young. Three bird groups also comprised half of visual observations recorded during island-wide point transect surveys that occurred during the onset of breeding. Society Kingfisher densities were an order of magnitude greater than other Pacific kingfisher populations, which may lead to resource saturation and evolution of cooperation in this species. Our results lend insight into cooperative behaviors and facilitate conservation of birds in French Polynesia.
Plasma concentrations of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (N.E.F.A.) in the pregnant and lactating ewe and the effect of dietary restriction

1. The effect of undernutrition on the levels of plasma glucose, N.E. F.A. and ketone bodies was observed in fourteen Suffolk-cross ewes late in pregnancy by comparing with data obtained on seven control ewes of comparable pregnancy status. An attempt is made to relate these changes with plasma triglyceride levels, liver fat deposition and plasma pigmentation. 2. Evidence is presented which shows that while plasma glucose values are normally distributed, plasma N.E. F.A. levels show a positively skew distribution. This abnormality is corrected by transforming plasma N.E. F.A. values to their logarithms.
TO ENHANCE MANAGEMENT OF SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING USING DEEP LEARNING METHOD

Network administrators must have accurate networking information to provide good management. This requirement was not feasible in early days; however, emerging Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has made it possible nowadays. The controller periodically monitors utilization of each link and the potential overused links could be identified in advance. For that reason, removing these bottleneck links from future routing paths seems to be a rational choice. In this paper, we propose an enhanced scheme with dynamic thresholds based on Long Short-term Memory (LSTM). The simulation results indicate that it can improve network performance and enhance quality of service (QoS) as well.
Effect of Phytotoxin of Colletotrichum falcatum Went. (Physalospora tucumanensis) on Sugarcane in Tissue Culture

A phytotoxin produced by the sugarcane red rot fungus, Colletotrichum falcatum Went. was partially purified and its effects studied on sugarcane callus development, plantlet differentiation and shoot growth in tissue culture. The findings indicate that all the above attributes were markedly reduced by the fungal toxin. Potential for the possible use of the toxin to produce red rot resistant sugarcane genotypes by pathogen toxin induced somaclonal variation is examined.