Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mediating role of psychological capital in Relationship of authentic leadership and work engagement

Due to the importance of leadership in development of organizations, a wave of interest by focusing on positive approaches to leadership has emerged; one of them is authentic leadership.Accordingly, the present research aimed to study the mediating role of psychological capital in relationship between authentic leadership and work engagement. Statistical population consisted of all employees of a big steel factory in Isfahan, among whom 218 were selected through convenience sampling method. The research instruments consisted of authentic leadership (Walumbwa et al., 2006), work engagement (Utrecht, 2002), and psychological capital (Nguyen et al., 2012) questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using Pearson's Correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results revealed that significant positive relationship existed between all components of authentic leadership with components of psychological capital and work engagement. Moreover, the proposed model had appropriate goodness of fit and there were significant chain relationships between authentic leadership and psychological capital with work engagement. According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that authentic leadership directly encourages employees' work engagement, and indirectly, through the impact on the psychological capital, it increases the worker's engagement. Based on the results of the effect of authentic leadership on psychological capital and employees work engagement, in consideration of authentic leaders in selection process, placement and successor planning should be considered through the organizations' top managers.
High Genetic Barrier Nucleos(t)ide Analogue(s) for Prophylaxis From Hepatitis B Virus Recurrence After Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review

The combination of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and nucleos(t)ide analogues [NA(s)] is considered as the standard of care for prophylaxis against HBV recurrence after liver transplantation (LT), but the optimal protocol is controversial. We evaluated the efficacy of the newer NAs with high genetic barrier (hgbNA) [i.e. entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir (TDF)] with or without HBIG as prophylaxis against HBV recurrence after LT. In total, 519 HBV liver transplant recipients from 17 studies met the inclusion criteria and they were compared to those under lamivudine (LAM) and HBIG who had been selected in our previous review. Patients under HBIG and LAM developed HBV recurrence (115/1889 or 6.1%): (a) significantly more frequently compared to patients under HBIG and a hgbNA [1.0% (3/303), p < 0.001], and (b) numerically but not significantly more frequently compared to the patients who received a newer NA after discontinuation of HBIG [3.9% (4/102), p = 0.52]. The use of a hgbNA without any HBIG offered similar antiviral prophylaxis compared to HBIG and LAM combination, if the definition of HBV recurrence was based on HBV DNA detectability [0.9% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.11]. Our findings favor the use of HBIG and a hgbNA instead of HBIG and LAM combined prophylaxis against HBV recurrence after LT.
1-Hexyl-2-cyanoacrylate compound (Neucrylate) bactericidal properties

Introduction The need for medical grade tissue adhesives both in surgery and to treat trauma has become well established. Such a device has been developed and preliminary toxicity testing completed on a compounded cyanoacrylate (Neucrylate), and its properties have been modified so it may be used as an intravascular embolic agent. Given the high incidence of iatrogenic infections in hospital, it would be desirable to have such an implantable device that inhibits dangerous bacteria. Materials and method Seven separate cultures of common bacteria were grown and exposed to Neucrylate. The impact on the exposed microorganisms was analyzed visually as well as by means of fluorescence and optical microscopy. Results The device produced high degrees of antibacterial effect when exposed to gram positive bacteria whereas it had modest impact on gram negative bacteria.
Activation of FOS in hypocretin neurons of the rat by insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent of activation of hypocretin (HCRT) synthesizing neurons after a single intraperitoneal administration of insulin using Fos-HCRT dual immunohistochemistry. In addition, there was also an attempt to depict the spatial organization of activated HCRT perikarya within the whole portion of the medial and lateral hypothalamic (LHA) areas. METHODS The animals (rats) were fixed 90 min after i.p. administration of insulin (2.5 IU/kg). The brains were removed, and sectioned through the hypothalamus into 40 microm thick alternate coronal sections. Fos-HCRT perikarya were double immunostained with avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) technique using Nickel-DAB and single DAB as the two chromogens. For the mapping of Fos-HCRT double-labeled perikarya a light microscopy was employed. Counting of Fos-labeled HCRT perikarya was performed manually and blindly with no insight into the treatment of the animals. RESULTS The data demonstrate that in the early phase of the acute hypoglycemia, the number of the dually labeled Fos-HCRTir perikarya in the entire LHA was only moderately increased from 9.54 to 15.64% in spite of the fact that within the same period the plasma glucose levels were declined by more than 70%. Moreover, within the LHA, the distribution of activated double-labeled Fos-HCRTir perikarya did not show any special spatial organization. CONCLUSION The present data indicate that a large fall in plasma glucose in early phase of acute hypoglycemia does not represent an appropriate stimulus for massive activation of HCRT neurons in the LHA of rats.
A comparison of photo-taking and online-sharing behaviors of mainland Chinese and Western theme park visitors based on generation membership

This research investigates and compares the photo-taking and online photo-sharing behaviors of mainland Chinese and Western theme park visitors using decade length generations. Given the rapid growth in digital photography and growing popularity of online sharing of photos, an enhanced understanding of the photo-taking and photo-sharing behaviors of visitors based on generation membership will assist theme park managers develop new social media marketing strategies. Most previous research has employed Western definitions of generations such as baby boomer, generation X, and generation Y. These definitions do not always apply in non-Western settings indicating the need for an alternative approach. This study uses a decade length definition of generations: the post-70s, post-80s, and post-90s. Results of the survey found that photo taking and online photo sharing are very popular but do vary between generations and cultures. For example, mobile phones were found to be the most popular photographic equipment for mainland Chinese and the least popular for post-90s Western respondents. All generations rated family/friend, landscape, and selfies as the top three areas of photo content. Selfies were twice as popular with mainland Chinese post-90s as their Western counterparts in the same generation. The findings highlight the usefulness of decade length generations and of identifying photo-taking and photo-sharing activities based on cultural groupings. The findings also indicated opportunities for co-creation at least in the area of photo taking in a theme park setting.
E26 Transformation-Specific-1 (ETS1) and WDFY Family Member 4 (WDFY4) Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

E26 transformation-specific-1 (ETS1) and WDFY family member 4 (WDFY4) are closely related with systemic lupus erythematosus. We hypothesized that ETS1 and WDFY4 polymorphisms may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. We studied ETS1 rs1128334 G/A and WDFY4 rs7097397 A/G gene polymorphisms in 329 patients with RA and 697 controls in a Chinese population. Genotyping was done using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. When the WDFY4 rs7097397 AA homozygote genotype was used as the reference group, the AG genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk for RA. In the dominant model, when the WDFY4 rs7097397 AA homozygote genotype was used as the reference group, the AG/GG genotypes were associated with a significant increased susceptibility to RA. In stratification analyses, a significantly increased risk for RA associated with the WDFY4 rs7097397 AG genotype was evident among female patients, younger patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) negative patients and both anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) positive patients and negative patients compared with the WDFY4 rs7097397 AA genotype. These findings suggested that WDFY4 rs7097397 A/G may be associated with the risk of RA, especially among younger, female patients, CRP-negative patients and both ACPA positive and negative patients. However, our results were obtained from a moderate-sized sample, and therefore this is a preliminary conclusion. To confirm these findings, validation by a larger study from a more diverse ethnic population is needed.
Alloimmune memory is absent in Hymeniacidon sinapium, a marine sponge.

The southern California sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium can recognize and reject transplanted allogeneic tissues. This species reveals a complex rejection response that involves cellular infiltration into the graft interface and a deposition at that site of a fibrous wall. The response then proceeds to a cytotoxic reaction in which the cells in the graft zone become necrotic and slough off, resulting in allogeneic tissue separation. The rate and intensity of this response varies with the genetic constitutions of the paired sponges and the temperature of the water. In experiments employing pre-sensitized second-set and unrelated third-party graftings, with changes in temperature, sensitization times, intervals before regrafting, and experimental sites, this species did not exhibit alloimmune memory (i.e., accelerated second-set rejection). When the allorejection described here for H. sinapium is taken in conjunction with rejection responses reported for other sponge species, it is apparent that sponges have two major methods for responding to allogeneic contacts: barrier formation or cytotoxicity. The rejection method seems to correspond with the presence or absence of immune memory, and may, in part, be correlated with habitat and frequency of contacts with "non-self. " The development of the rudimentary immune system in metazoans is discussed in relation to the rejection of naturally transplanted tissues in addition to challenges from pathogens.
Improvement of power transformers by using mixtures of mineral oil with synthetic esters

This paper is aimed at the improvement of power transformers through the improvement of the characteristics of mineral oil by mixing this later with other insulating liquids for transformers namely silicon and synthetic ester oils. A comparison of the main properties such as the heat transfer, breakdown voltage (BDV), ageing stability and electrostatic charging tendency (ECT) of different mixtures as well as liquids alone is presented. It is shown that the optimal mixture enabling to improve the dielectric properties and the ageing stability of mineral oil without degrading its viscosity and ECT is that of mineral oil with 20% of synthetic ester oils.
Epidemiology of back disorders: prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis

Purpose of reviewThis article reviews some of the advances that have taken place in understanding back disorders, with a particular emphasis on low back pain, as this area has been most represented in the literature in the preceding year (September 2003 to September 2004). Recent findingsEpidemiological studies continue to provide insights into the prevalence of back pain and have identified many individual, psychosocial, and occupational risk factors for its onset. Psychological factors have an important role in the transition from acute to chronic pain and related disability. Recent advances show that there is a significant genetic effect on severe low back pain in the community. Data emerging from candidate gene studies show an association between lumbar disc disease and mutations of genes encoding the α-2 and α-3 subunits of collagen IX. SummaryBack pain is among the most common conditions for which patients seek medical care. Interventions based on behavioral and cognitive principles and exercise programs are effective in improving disability in chronic back pain. Although progress has been made in understanding the role of genetic mutations in disorders such as lumbar disc disease, further investigation of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors such as physical stress is needed.
The responses of cells in macaque lateral geniculate nucleus to sinusoidal gratings.

Responses of cells in the parvocellular (p.c.l.) and magnocellular (m.c.l.) layers of the macaque lateral geniculate nucleus to sine‐wave gratings were studied. Both p.c. l. and m.c. l. cells responded best at a temporal frequency (drift rate) of 10‐20 Hz. P.c. l. cells responded at temporal frequencies lower than 1 Hz; m.c. l. cells did not. With coloured‐ or white‐black luminance‐modulated gratings, responses of m.c. l. cells were weaker at low than at medium spatial frequencies. With coloured gratings, p.c. l. cell responses were not attenuated at low spatial frequencies. With white gratings a few p.c. l. cells did show such attenuation. Optimal responses from p.c. l. cells were obtained with coloured gratings; white gratings evoked weaker responses. With a grating of a colour causing suppression of a p.c. l. cell's activity, the modulation of firing was much less than with a grating of a colour excitatory for the cell. M.c. l. on‐ and off‐centre cells responded equally well to moving gratings. The ability of p.c. l. cells to resolve fine gratings was dependent on cell type as well as on the colour of grating used. The ability of m.c. l. cells to resolve fine gratings was comparable to that of p.c. l. cells. The contrast sensitivity of m.c. l. cells was much higher than that of p.c. l. cells. This may account for their ability to resolve fine gratings, despite their larger centre size. In comparison with luminance‐modulated gratings, chromatically modulated gratings could evoke larger or smaller responses, depending on p.c. l. cell type and the colours in the grating. M.c. l. cells responded poorly or not at all.
Identification of mesenchymal progenitor cells in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage.

OBJECTIVE To determine the presence of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) in human articular cartilage. METHODS Primary cell cultures established from normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human knee articular cartilage were analyzed for the expression of CD105 and CD166, cell surface markers whose coexpression defines mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow and perichondrium. The potential of cartilage cells to differentiate to adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages was analyzed after immunomagnetic selection for CD105+/CD166+ cells and was compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). RESULTS Up to 95% of isolated cartilage cells were CD105+ and approximately 5% were CD166+. The mean +/- SEM percentage of CD105+/CD166+ cells in normal cartilage was 3.49 +/- 1.93%. Primary cell cultures from OA cartilage contained significantly increased numbers of CD105+/CD166+ cells. Confocal microscopy confirmed the coexpression of both markers in the majority of BM-MSCs and a subpopulation of cartilage cells. Differentiation to adipocytes occurred in cartilage-derived cell cultures, as indicated by characteristic cell morphology and oil red O staining of lipid vacuoles. Osteogenesis was observed in isolated CD105+/CD166+ cells as well as in primary chondrocytes cultured in the presence of osteogenic supplements. Purified cartilage-derived CD105+/CD166+ cells did not express markers of differentiated chondrocytes. However, the cells were capable of chondrocytic differentiation and formed cartilage tissue in micromass pellet cultures. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that multipotential MPCs are present in adult human articular cartilage and that their frequency is increased in OA cartilage. This observation has implications for understanding the intrinsic repair capacity of articular cartilage and raises the possibility that these progenitor cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis.
Can Payments for Ecosystem Services Improve the Management of Natura 2000 Sites? A Contribution to Explore Their Role in Italy

Financing protected areas is crucial for guaranteeing the flow of ecosystem services (ES) provided by natural and semi-natural ecosystems, which are the basis of human well-being. In the last two decades, together with traditional conservation tools, innovative instruments, such as PES (Payment for Ecosystem Services), have been proposed and implemented all over the world in order to improve management effectiveness in biodiversity conservation. In this paper we identified and categorized 33 PES case studies in 19 Natura 2000 sites developing the hypothesis that a PES approach may contribute to improving the effectiveness of conservation actions at different spatial and administrative levels. We found that in these areas, farmers and foresters often allow the maintenance of natural and semi-natural ecosystems through their economic activity. Through PES schemes their important role can be formally acknowledged, both in environmental and economic terms. PES schemes are also a tool for involving more stakeholders, particularly local companies, residents and tourists in conservation actions. So PES can actually improve Natura 2000 sites’ management and increase the availability of financial resources in favor of conservation actions. However, careful attention must to be paid to the supporting role of public authorities, generally crucial for the success of a PES.
Color constancy based on texture pyramid matching and regularized local regression.

Considering that no single algorithm available is universal in color constancy, we propose an effective combination approach using a texture-based matching strategy and a local regression with prior-knowledge regularization. To represent the images, we construct a texture pyramid using an integrated Weibull distribution. Then we define an image similarity measure to search for the K most similar images of the test image. To combine the single algorithms, we integrate prior knowledge into a regularized local regression in a decorrelated color space. Regression weights are obtained on these similar images, and the regularization is implemented by the frequency ratio of the best single algorithm. Experiments on two real world datasets show our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art single algorithms and popular combination approaches with a performance increase of at least 29% compared to the best-performing single algorithm w.r. t median angular error.
Lipophosphoglycan is not required for infection of macrophages or mice by Leishmania mexicana

Cell surface lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is commonly regarded as a multifunctional Leishmania virulence factor required for survival and development of these parasites in mammals. In this study, the LPG biosynthesis gene lpg1 was deleted in Leishmania mexicana by targeted gene replacement. The resulting mutants are deficient in LPG synthesis but still display on their surface and secrete phosphoglycan‐modified molecules, most likely in the form of proteophosphoglycans, whose expression appears to be up‐regulated. LPG‐deficient L.mexicana promastigotes show no significant differences to LPG‐expressing parasites with respect to attachment to, uptake into and multiplication inside macrophages. Moreover, in Balb/c and C57/BL6 mice, LPG‐deficient L.mexicana clones are at least as virulent as the parental wild‐type strain and lead to lethal disseminated disease. The results demonstrate that at least L.mexicana does not require LPG for experimental infections of macrophages or mice. Leishmania mexicana LPG is therefore not a virulence factor in the mammalian host.
GABAA Receptors Containing the α4‐Subunit: Prevalence, Distribution, Pharmacology, and Subunit Architecture In Situ

Abstract: Recombinant GABAA receptors, expressed from α‐, β‐, and γ2‐subunits, are diazepam‐insensitive when the α‐subunit is either α4 or α6. In situ, diazepam‐insensitive receptors containing the α6‐subunit are almost exclusively expressed in the granule cell layer of the cerebellum. However, diazepam‐insensitive receptors are also expressed in forebrain areas. Here, we report on the presence of diazepam‐insensitive GABAA receptors in various brain areas containing the α4‐subunit. GABAA receptors immunoprecipitated with a newly developed α4‐subunit‐specific antiserum displayed a drug binding profile that was indistinguishable from those of α4β2γ2‐recombinant receptors and diazepam‐insensitive [3H]Ro 15‐4513 binding sites in rat brain membranes. In addition, α4‐subunit containing receptors and forebrain diazepam‐insensitive receptors are present at comparably low abundance in rat brain and exhibit virtually identical patterns of distribution. Analysis of the subunit architecture of α4‐subunit containing receptors revealed that the α4‐subunit contributes to several receptor subtypes. Depending on the brain region, the α4‐subunit can be coassembled with a second type of α4‐subunit variant being α1, α2, or α3. The data demonstrate that native receptors containing the α4‐subunit are structurally heterogeneous, expressed at very low abundance in the brain, and display the drug binding profile of diazepam‐insensitive [3H]Ro 15‐4513 binding sites. Pharmacologically, these receptors may contribute to the actions of nonclassical ligands such as Ro 15‐4513 and bretazenil.
Pharmacological characteristics of Ro 115–1240, a selective α1A/1L‐adrenoceptor partial agonist: a potential therapy for stress urinary incontinence

To describe the preclinical pharmacology of Ro 115–1240, a peripherally acting selective α1A/1L‐adrenoceptor (AR) partial agonist, compared with the α1A/1L‐AR full agonist amidephrine, as AR agonists have some utility in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) but are limited by undesirable cardiovascular and central nervous system side‐effects.
ERCC1 function in nuclear excision and interstrand crosslink repair pathways is mediated exclusively by the ERCC1-202 isoform

ERCC1 (excision repair cross-complementation group 1) plays essential roles in the removal of DNA intrastrand crosslinks by nucleotide excision repair, and that of DNA interstrand crosslinks by the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway and homology-directed repair processes (HDR). The function of ERCC1 thus impacts on the DNA damage response (DDR), particularly in anticancer therapy when DNA damaging agents are employed. ERCC1 expression has been proposed as a predictive biomarker of the response to platinum-based therapy. However, the assessment of ERCC1 expression in clinical samples is complicated by the existence of 4 functionally distinct protein isoforms, which differently impact on DDR. Here, we explored the functional competence of each ERCC1 protein isoform and obtained evidence that the 202 isoform is the sole one endowed with ERCC1 activity in DNA repair pathways. The ERCC1 isoform 202 interacts with RPA, XPA, and XPF, and XPF stability requires expression of the ERCC1 202 isoform (but none of the 3 others). ERCC1-deficient non-small cell lung cancer cells show abnormal mitosis, a phenotype reminiscent of the FA phenotype that can be rescued by isoform 202 only. Finally, we could not observe any dominant-negative interaction between ERCC1 isoforms. These data suggest that the selective assessment of the ERCC1 isoform 202 in clinical samples should accurately reflect the DDR-related activity of the gene and hence constitute a useful biomarker for customizing anticancer therapies.