Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immigrant Women and Domestic Violence

In this article, the authors assess the still limited literature on domestic violence among immigrant women in major receiving countries so as to begin delineating a framework to explain how immigrant-specific factors exacerbate the already vulnerable position—as dictated by class, gender, and race—of immigrant women in domestic violence situations. First, a review of this scholarship shows that the incidence of domestic violence is not higher than it is in the native population but rather that the experiences of immigrant women in domestic violence situations are often exacerbated by their specific position as immigrants, such as limited host-language skills, isolation from and contact with family and community, lack of access to dignified jobs, uncertain legal statuses, and experiences with authorities in their origin countries. The authors then examine the various responses at the national and local community levels to this issue in receiving countries.
A FRAMEWORK FOR CLASSIFYING MISFITS BETWEEN ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) SYSTEMS AND BUSINESS STRATEGIES

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a broad set of activities that is supported by multimodule application software that helps manufacturers or other businesses manage their activities. ERP is more than a software package; it includes the efforts and activities to integrate internal and external management information, business process automation and reengineering, and organisation structure streamlining. Thus, ERP eventually leads to an efficient and competitive business. Despite the prominence of ERP systems, approximately three-quarters of ERP projects are deemed as failures. Most failures are attributed to the misfit between pre-loaded business models in the ERP system and business requirements in the real world. This paper introduces a framework to classify ERP misfits into logical categories that provide insights for solution derivation. Subsequently, the classification methods are applied to a case study. Practitioners can use the misfit classification method to derive corresponding actions as solutions for ERP misfits based on their nature or specificity. In addition, the theoretical contribution of the ERP misfit problem is explored to provide information for researchers to determine appropriate theories and concepts explaining this domain.
Synthesis of Histone Deacetylases Inhibitor and Activity in Vitro

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is an important element which leads to ineffectiveness of chemotherapeutics. The discovery of histone acetylase's unusual activities in tumor cells provides a new area for the cure of cancer. And histone deacetylases inhibitor (HDACi) is used as a new agent in clinical therapy. New histone deacetylases inhibitors have been synthesized. All the products have been characterized by 1 H-NMR and MS. The activities in vitro effects on the title compounds were examined. From the biological activity results, we found that three compounds showed good inhibitory potency against HDACs and anti-proliferate activities to inhibit human colonic cancer cells growth.Introduction.
Fraud and Firm Performance: Evidence from Fraud on the Market and Securities Class Action Lawsuits

We investigate the argument that securities frauds are preceded by surprisingly good firm performance but are followed by rapid negative investor response by studying the long-term stock performance of a sample of 430 firms that disclosed securities fraud and experienced class action lawsuits filed between 1989 and 1999. Estimating Fama-French (F-F) three-factor model-based monthly abnormal returns for three events, alleged fraud commission (FC), fraud disclosure (FD), and initial class action filing (CA), we find significant upward price drift during the five-year pre-FC horizon and weak evidence of a negative drift for up to five years following CA. The observed pre- and post-event abnormal returns cannot be explained by changes in systematic risk (F-F factor loadings), suggesting that the effects of fraud are confined primarily to changes in expected cash flows rather than changes in discount rates. Further, we find positive abnormal trading volume and return volatility during the pre-FC horizon but a significant deterioration in market quality, as evidenced by a persistent negative abnormal drift in relative trading volume and a sustained increase in return volatility, for up to five years following CA.
Solar radiation modeling and simulation of hyperspectral satellite data

In this research, we are interested in applying the model to simulate the radiative transfer through the atmosphere under realistic conditions for assessing the significance of the effects of the atmosphere and conditions on shooting satellite images. The main objective of this application is the analysis of satellite measurements, along with their variations atmospheric parameters. The purpose of modeling is to understand how different components of the measurement system combine to make a measurement. The form and content of a model depends on their purpose. The model is constructed to describe and characterize the measurement system to understand the phenomena which he is registered and to predict their behavior under the effect of an external action or as a result of a partial modification of the system itself same. The model developed is to break the middle-ground atmosphere into subsets in interaction with the solar spectrum and the sensor onboard the satellite. The proposed radiometric correction method is simple because it is based on pixels that are known to support their radiometric images. The luminances are simulated using the software (SDDS) which allows us to establish rules between reported digital luminance and luminance reflectance.
Contaminants in Industrial Lean Amine Solvent and their Removal using Biopolymers: A New Aspect

Natural biopolymers are gaining increasing attention due to their extraordinary affinity towards adsorption of heavy metal ions. In this research, biopolymers such as chitosan and alginate were used to remove contaminants from lean alkanolamine (methyldiethnolamine; MDEA) solvent. The sweetening of natural gas is mostly done by absorption using single or mixed alkanolamine solutions. Alkanolamine solvent quality deteriorates abruptly while absorbing H2S/CO2 from natural gas and causes foaming in natural gas sweetening unit. Different types of organic as well as inorganic species are present as contaminant in lean MDEA solvent. Heat stable salts such as acetate and propionate are present in high amount in lean MDEA solutions and detected using Ion chromatograph and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Substantial amount of elements (chromium, iron etc.) were detected using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. Chitosan coated sand (CCS) and calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) beads were prepared and used in batch adsorption studies to monitor the removal of these contaminants in MDEA solvents. FTIR studies and SEM analysis were done to observe the underlying principle of bio-adsorbent preparation. It was observed that both CCS and Ca-Alg removed heavy metal ions like chromium (40% and 61%) and iron (21% and 62%) significantly. Ca-Alg could also remove organic acid anions (36%) appreciably. The maximum uptake capacity for chitosan coated sand was found to be 59.88 μgm/gm for iron and 38.022 μgm/gm for chromium.
Memory properties in a 3 D micromagnetic model for ferromagnetic samples

Hysteresis modeling describes transition curves corresponding with any change of the magnetic field. Memory properties in the magnetization processes are observed in macroscopic hysteresis curves and described by the return-point-memory and the wipingout-property according to Madelung. This paper shows that the 3D micromagnetic hysteresis model incorporates these macroscopic memory properties. The model is developed by the authors to describe hysteresis processes starting from the materials microstructure. Simulations on samples with different dislocation densities show that the magnetic states are also similar on a microscopic scale when minor loops are closed. r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 75.30. Cr; 75.40. Mg; 75.40. Cx; 75.40. Gb; 75.50. Bb; 75.60. Ej
Asthma Triggers and Control among Adults in an Egyptian Setting

Background: Uncontrolled asthma prevails among asthmatics despite advances in disease management. Epidemiology of asthma and allergies in childhood had gained a considerable research interest. However, adult onset asthma in the Egypt has not been fully characterized. Objective(s): We aimed to assess the morbidity and factors associated with uncontrolled asthma in a sample of asthmatic adult using standard asthma medications. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the chest outpatient clinics at the major health insurance hospital in Alexandria. A total of 320 asthmatic adults above 18 years were randomly selected and enrolled in the study. Participants were interviewed using standardized predesigned questionnaire. Results: Asthmatic patients comprised 62.5% females and 37.5% males with mean age of 45.3 ± 12.1. Two thirds of the patient had mild persistent (30.3%) and moderately persistent asthma (30.6%). Moderately controlled asthma was the most frequent (82.5%). Asthma had mild to moderated impact on exercise (30.3%), patient productivity (51.1%) and interruption of daily activity (54.7%). All patients reported never receiving an asthma action plan. Patients with uncontrolled asthma had higher rates of health care use. The overall patient adherence to treatment was mostly low (78.4%) although the satisfaction with health care was generally accepted (87.8%). Several demographics and comorbid conditions were identified as independent factors associated with sever and uncontrolled asthma notably male gender, smoking, working, low income and presence of co-morbidities. Conclusion: Moderately controlled asthma is prevalent in patients using standard asthma medications in Egypt. There is a need for improving asthma care in asthmatic adult patients. This will require comprehensive evaluation of asthma control and medication use, implementation of treatment plans, control of environmental factors and addressing comorbid conditions.
Variable dynamics of sewage supply to wastewater treatment plant depending on the amount of precipitation water inflowing to sewerage network

Abstract The paper analyzes the effect of precipitation water that inflowing to sanitary sewage system as accidental water on the changes in the total amount of treated sewage. The effects of accidental water supply on the total amount of sewage inflowing to treatment plant were analyzed based on mean daily amounts from the investigated periods and mean daily amounts from incidental supplies. The study was conducted in the years 2010–2015. Six characteristic research periods were identified (one per each calendar year), when the amount of sewage in the sanitary sewage system was greater than during dry weather. The analysis of changes in the amount of sewage supplied to the sewerage system in the six investigated periods revealed that the accidental water constituted from 26.8% to 48.4% of total sewage inflowing to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In exceptional situations, during intense rains, the share of precipitation water in the sewerage system would increase up to 75%. Then, the rainwater inflowing the sewerage system caused hydraulic overloading of the WWTP by exceeding its maximum design supply.
Performance Analysis of Coding Scheme for Wireless Relaying Network

This cooperative communication can achieve the additional benefits of cooperative coding in providing diversity and coding gains, and relay has been identified as a fundamental feature in LTE-Advanced in order to achieve LTE-A requirements. In this paper, we introduced a new framework, called hierarchical coding scheme, which can provide different error protections based on different channel situations. Numerical results demonstrate that both cooperation can achieve full diversity and provide significant gains over noncooperation transmission. Hierarchical coding scheme generally performs better than original coded cooperation, especially on FER performance.
An insight review on immunopathogenesis of bovine and human mycobacteria infections

Mycobacterium is one of the first infectious agents to spring to mind in connection with chronic or persistent infections. The causative organism of bovine tuberculosis is Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), which includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), M. bovis, Mycobacterium africanum (M. africanum), Mycobacterium microti (M. microti) , Mycobacterium canetti (M. canetti), Mycobacterium caprae (M. caprae) and Mycobacterium pinnipedii (M. pinnipedii), and many of the species and subspecies of MTBC show specific host association. Immunity against mycobacteria is multifactorial and it is believed that the host innate immunity provides initial resistance to mycobacteria before the adaptive cell-mediated immunity fully develops. There are still many unsolved problems associated with the pathogenesis and immune response to tuberculosis. Therefore multi-disciplinary approach to develop more complete understanding of the pathogenic strategies is mandatory. Special consideration to bovine tuberculosis might help scientists to devise proper mechanisms to prevent human tuberculosis as they are closely related.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF FEATURES FOR MEDICAL IMAGE MODALITY CLASSIFICATION

Medical images are increasing at an alarming rate. This increasing number of images affects the interpreting capacity of radiologists. In order to reduce the burden of radiologists, automatic categorization of medical images based on modality is the need of the hour. Because image modality is an important and fundamental image characteristic. The important factor in the automatic medical image categorization based on modality are the features used for categorization purpose, because nice treatment on these subtleties can lead to good results. Many descriptors have been proposed in the literature for medical image categorization. It is unclear which descriptor encodes the content information efficiently. The descriptors that are calculated from these medical images should be descriptive, distinctive and robust to various transformations. The stability of these descriptors are evaluated under various transformations and are then analyzed for their discriminatory ability for the task of classification. In this study the criteria of transformations, repeatability, matching and classification accuracy on the basis of precision recall is used to evaluate the performance of these descriptors. The experimental results illustrates that among global descriptors local features patches histogram and among local descriptors SIFT encodes the content information quite efficiently.
Analysis of biological pretreatment of rapeseed straw with white rot fungi for enzymatic hydrolysis

The effect of biological pretreatment on the rapeseed straw was evaluated by solid-state cultivation of white rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium. P.chrysosporium degraded the lignin during the pretreatment, with enzymatic hydrolysis ratios increasing in the pretreated straw (3-fold after a 15 day pretreatment). The samples were identified by XRD, FTIR and SEM. X-ray analysis showed that pretreated samples had higher crystallinity than untreated samples (39.47% for a pretreated sample compared to 33.17% for untreated samples) and FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated that the content of lignocellulose also decreased during the biological pretreatment process. The surface characterization study showed morphological changes in pretreated samples. Moreover, the biological pretreatment slowed a plunge in hydrolysis rate during enzymatic hydrolysis.
Variations in Numbers of Median Dorsal Thorns and Rows of Teeth in Thorny Skate (Raja radiata) of the Northwest Atlantic

Data on the number of median dorsal thorns (anterior to the first dorsal fin) and the number of rows of teeth of the thorny skate from various areas of the Northwest Atlantic in 1949-72 were analyzed. The results showed a cline of mean number of median dorsal thorns from the Baffin Island and Ungava Bay areas southward along Labrador and eastern Newfoundland to the Grand Bank and thence westward to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Scotian Shelf and Georges Bank, the higher numbers occurring at lower developmental temperatures and vice versa. The mean tooth-row counts showed a cline which was opposite to that for median dorsal thorns, increasing from the Baffin Island and Ungava Bay areas southward to the Scotian Shelf and Georges Bank. There was a slight tendency toward increased tooth-row numbers with fish length, but the within-area differences were not significant for lengths greater than 24 em which were used in the comparisons among areas. Males tended to have slightly more rows of teeth than females, but there was no clear evidence of sexual dimorphism. The number of tooth-rows in the lower jaw was, on the average, slightly higher than in the upper jaw, but the upper-jaw counts exceeded the lower-jaw counts in small samples from the geographical extremes of the populations studied.
Analysis of Urban Effects in Oklahoma City using a Dense Surface Observing Network

AbstractMany studies have investigated urban heat island (UHI) intensity for cities around the world, which is normally quantified as the temperature difference between urban location(s) and rural location(s). A few open questions still remain regarding the UHI, such as the spatial distribution of UHI intensity, temporal (including diurnal and seasonal) variation of UHI intensity, and the UHI formation mechanism. A dense network of atmospheric monitoring sites, known as the Oklahoma City (OKC) Micronet (OKCNET), was deployed in 2008 across the OKC metropolitan area. This study analyzes data from OKCNET in 2009 and 2010 to investigate OKC UHI at a subcity spatial scale for the first time. The UHI intensity exhibited large spatial variations over OKC. During both daytime and nighttime, the strongest UHI intensity is mostly confined around the central business district where land surface roughness is the highest in the OKC metropolitan area. These results do not support the roughness warming theory to explai.
Association of obesity with C reactive protein, total leukocyte count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Context: There is accumulating evidence implicating inflammation originating from adipose tissue as a potential pathway in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study is performed to ascertain the association of 3 markers of inflammation, leukocyte count (TLC), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) with obesity in diabetics and compare with non-diabetics. Aims: To determine the association of CRP, TLC and ESR levels with obesity in persons with type 2 DM and non-diabetics. Settings and Design: 50 diabetics and 50 non-diabetic subjects were enrolled prospectively and anthropometric and laboratory data were collected and analysed in a tertiary care hospital. Methods and Material: CRP by latex agglutination test, TLC by Cell counter method (BC-5380), ESR by Westerngrens method. Statistical analysis: Pearsons correlation, Chi square and Fishers exact test -Mean, Standard deviation, Frequency and Percentage. Results: Mean FBS, PPBS, ESR, CRP, TLC, Body mass index (BMI), Waist hip ratio (WHR) were 100.5mg/dl, 112.34mg/dl, 7.02mm/hr, 1.86mg/L,6984cells/mcL,24.77kg/m 2 ,0.88 respectively in non-diabetics and 190.88mg/dL, 275.58mg/dL, 21.56mm/hr, 3.91mg/L, 11760 cells/mcL, 25.86kg/m 2 , 0.98 respectively in diabetics. All these parameters except BMI are significantly different between diabetics and non-diabetics with p value <0.05. Pearson correlation showed statistically significant association of inflammatory markers with WHR but not with BMI. Conclusions: Inflammatory markers like TLC, ESR and CRP are significantly elevated in patients with diabetes, suggesting the important role of inflammation, prompting need for interventions reducing inflammation in effective diabetes management. WHR is significantly associated with elevated inflammatory markers suggesting the role of abdominal obesity in diabetes.
Marketisation of the UK charity sector: implications for governance and legitimacy

The UK charity sector is in a period of significant uncertainty. Sectoral changes and reforms, including the creation of new charities after the contracting out of public services, have been categorised by Bruce & Chew as a marketisation effect (2011). Whereas previously, statutory funding was delivered by way of grants, now the sector is witnessing a move toward the use of contracts and a competitive bidding process. The work of charities in the UK is under threat from reputational damage and a crisis of public confidence (Weakley, 2016), despite explicit policy rhetoric from government (Alcock, 2010; The Conservative Party, 2009) and legislation (DCLG, 2012; Teasdale et al., 2012). There is societal demand for adequate regulation in the charity sector, not least due to the special allowances enjoyed by charities, such as tax relief and a lighter touch legal framework. The public need to have confidence that increasingly commercialised larger charities are deserving, not only of their donations, but also the significant fiscal and statutory benefits bestowed upon them. This research study analyses and evaluates the current state of ‘marketisation’ of the UK charity sector and considers the implications for governance and legitimacy. A robust regression analysis is conducted of financial statement data, taken from a full set of the Charity Commission England & Wales database, over three years from 2011 to 2013. The total income analysed represents £151 billion and constitutes 27,424 sets of financial statements. Clear evidence is found of marketisation as a mechanism for change, yet it is only weakly correlated with efficiency gains; fundamentally, marketisation may not be delivering required efficiencies or improvements. It is also generating unwanted side effects such as commercially aggressive stances around fundraising. To facilitate bi-directional flows of resources, including donations, talented employees, and volunteers and contract income, legitimacy needs to be restored to the model. Robust governance practices can provide those in positions of responsibility with comfort and assurance that they are doing what is expected and required of their position, and afford them some defence if things go wrong. The concept of socio-marketisation is proposed where marketisation is guided by societal aims through various governmental ‘steering media’ including overarching principles, codes of conduct, legislation and regulation.