Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Updated Guide to the Study of Polyandry in Social Insects

In spite of the importance of understanding the adaptive significance of polyandry in the social Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), little consensus exists regarding the terminology employed, the use of different paternity estimates, the calculation of such estimates and their associated error measures, and the way paternity should be treated in comparative studies. Here I summarize previous methodological contributions to the study of polyandry in social insects, hoping that such a compendium will serve as an updated guide to future researchers. I first revise the estimates describing queen mating behavior and paternity outcomes in polyandrous social insects, outlining appropriate methods for calculating them. I then address the errors associated to paternity estimates and explain how to account for them. Finally I discuss in which cases paternity should be treated as a continuous or a categorical variable, and provide an insight into the distribution of paternity across the social Hymenoptera. This technical review highlights the importance of standardizing research methods to prevent common errors, raise confidence in the reported data, and facilitate comparisons between studies, to help shed light into many unanswered questions.
A NOVEL ECDLP-BASED BLIND SIGNATURE SCHEME

In this paper, a novel Blind Signature Scheme (BSS) based on Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP) has been proposed. The signer signs the encrypted message after receiving it from the requester. Hence the signer has no scope to learn the contents of the message that he has signed. But there is a scope to verify the authenticity of the signature on the original message by the requester and any other third party. The model has been validated using a customer and bank example and the proof of correctness has been made. The applicability of the proposed scheme can be extended to e-voting and others where the requester needs a blind signature on the message.
Comparative Analysis of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Symmetrical Natural Pattern Minichannel Heat sink

In this paper, performance of minichannels having natural leaf like structure is studied numerically and experimentally. Here the effect of change in bifurcation angle of secondary veins along with different aspect ratios on heat transfer is studied numerically. Bifurcation angles 15 , 20 and 27 with aspect ratios 2 3 and 4 are analysed numerically with heater input of 30w , 40w ,50 w and varying Reynold’s number from 200 to 800. Their performance is also compared with conventional parallel mini channel it is found that maximum heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number is obtained for the geometry having bifurcation angle of secondary veins as 15 and aspect ratio 2. The results are then verified experimentally with conventional parallel minichannel with aspect ratio 2 and natural pattern minichannel having bifurcation angle of secondary veins 15 and aspect ratio 2 are tested for heater input of 20 w, 40 w, 50, w and Re 100, 200, 300, 400 , 500 and 550. The values of heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number values are found experimentally and numerically for both the minichannels and are found close to each other with experimental values are found slightly lower than values got by numerical analysis. Also it is found that there is improvement in heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number values for natural pattern minichannel heat sink compared to straight minichannel heat sink thus showing heat transfer enhancement.
Synthetic, spectroscopic and Antimicrobial activity of mixed ligand of some complexes of symmetrical Schiff base and Nicotinamide

New symmetrical Schiff base ligand (H 2 L) is prepared via condensation of hydrazine hydrate and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde in ethanol solution at room temperature is reported . Polydentate mixed ligand complexes were obtained from 1:1:1 molar ratio reactions with metal ions and H 2 L, NA on reaction with MCl 2 . nH 2 O salt yields complexes corresponding to the formulas [M(L)(NA) 2 ] . All the complexes are air stable and soluble in water and common organic except benzene . All complexes are soluble in dimethyl formamide (DMF)and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. Comparison of the IR spectra of ligands(H 2 L) and (NA) and there metal complexes confirm that Schiff base behave as a dibasic tetradentate ligand towards the central metal ion with an ONNO donor sequence and nicotinamid . behave as unidentate . The ligands and their metal complexes were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacteria(gram +ve) and (gram -ve). Keywords: Complexes; Spectral; symmetrical Schiff base Metal complexes ; Antimicrobial activities.
Neo-Aristotelian Analysis of Gary Yourofsky ' s Speech on Veganism

The growing movement of veganism is now more a rhetorical situation than ever before and causing a lively rhetorical discourse. The rhetorical discourse of veganism is the issue of analysis in this paper. The very nature of rhetorical situation is that the situation must be located in reality and invite a rhetorical discourse capable of participating with possibly altering its reality. Veganism is a life style choice to find the alternative source for any animal products. Vegans do not consume animal products such as meat, fish, dairy, leather or fur. The reason behind choosing this lifestyle varies but a big majority is due to ethical and environmental concerns. Hence, the rhetorical discourse surrounding discourse in veganism is to challenge and change people's previous conceptions about their own long believed par of moral and environmentally friendly choices in their lives. By analyzing one of the most famous speeches within the vegan community-Gary Yourofsky's speech-using neo-Aristotelian method of rhetorical criticism, this paper aims to find the methods and choices the narrator made to persuade and appeal to non-vegan audience.
Properties of dyons in N = 4 theories at small charges

: We study three properties of 1 = 4 BPS dyons at small charges in string compacti(cid:12)cations which preserve N = 4 supersymmetry. We evaluate the non-trivial constant present in the one loop statistical entropy for N = 4 compacti(cid:12)cations of type IIB theory on K 3 (cid:2) T 2 orbifolded by an order Z N freely acting orbifold g 0 including all CHL compacti(cid:12)cations. This constant is trivial for the un-orbifolded model but we show that it contributes crucially to the entropy of low charge dyons in all the orbifold models. We then show that the meromorphic Jacobi form which captures the degeneracy of 1 = 4 BPS states for the (cid:12)rst two non-trivial magnetic charges can be decomposed into an Appell-Lerch sum and a mock Jacobi form transforming under (cid:0) 0 ( N ). This generalizes the earlier observation of Dabholkar-Murthy-Zagier to the orbifold models. Finally we study the sign of the Fourier coe(cid:14)cients of the inverse Siegel modular form which counts the index of 1 = 4 BPS dyons in N = 4 models obtained by freely acting Z 2 and Z 3 orbifolds of type II theory compacti(cid:12)ed on T 6 . We show that sign of the index for su(cid:14)ciently low charges and ensuring that it counts single centered black holes, violates the positivity conjecture of Sen which indicates that these states posses non-trivial
Sugar and protein content in different monofloral pollens-building a database

Pollen is the only protein source for the honey bee colony. Its nutritional quality varies according to the floral origin. The total protein content is a very important information in many research fields. Nevertheless its interpretation may be falsified by the sugars which are the main component of pollen pellets. In this paper we provide a database containing sugar and nitrogen content of 40 different pollen types.
Phytoplankton and thermal structure in the tropical ocean

Variation in the absorption of solar irradiance in the upper ocean is strongly influenced by variation in the concentration of phytoplankton. In optically clear tropical regions, where the mixed layer depth is shallow relative to the depth of significant penetration of irradiance ( lambda 700 nm) all year, such variation is particularly important for the thermal structure and dynamics of the upper ocean. The nonuniformities in vertical chlorophyll distribution associated with typical tropical structure can give rise to local heating rates that increase with depth; the vertical motions that may result are discussed. The penetration of irradiance through the mixed layer is a downward energy flux which is shown to be of the same order as that thought to be transported vertically by turbulent fluid motions.
The Effect of Organic Flaxseed Paste on The Colorimetric Parameters of Demineralized Tooth Surface

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of flaxseed paste on the surface lightness (L), chroma (C) and hue (h) of extracted teeth. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human teeth (incisors and canines) were selected and grouped into control (no treatment), flaxseed (treatment) and fluoride (positive control) groups. Teeth in control group were placed in saline throughout the experiment, whilst the teeth in flaxseed and fluoride groups were immersed in a carbonated drink for two days to induce demineralisation prior to the treatment using fluoride toothpaste and 1gm/ml of freshly prepared flaxseed paste respectively. The values L, C and h were measured at 3 stages (initial, during treatment, after treatment) using a spectrophotometer. Computerized digital imaging analyses were performed using Photoshop CS6 software (Adobe, San Jose, CA, USA). Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: At the final reading, spectrophotometric analysis showed decrease in L in both positive control and test groups. Fluoride was more effective, but not significant, in reducing the lightness (L=55.69 plusmn 5.38, p=0.070) than flaxseed (L=67.60 plusmn 5.34, p=0.070). The mean C value was higher in flaxseed group (C=2.75 plusmn 2.73, p=0.010) compared to fluoride group (C=2.78 plusmn 2.73, p=0.010). In contrast, the mean h value for flaxseed group was much lower (h=121.50 plusmn 10.53, p=0.000) when compared to fluoride group (h=260.02 plusmn 10.53, p=0.000). Conclusion: Flaxseed paste has shown to be effective in reducing L. Although fluoride toothpaste produced obvious decrease in L, organic flaxseed paste shows promising effect in alleviating surface lightness, hence enhancing tooth surface mineralisation that may be explored further in future research.
A novel micromachined 2x128-element linear themoelectric infrared radiation sensor array

As a component for infrared spectrometric analytical instruments a 2x128-element thin-film thermopile linear array sensor with a staggered pixel arrangement was constructed. Contrary to most of the known 1-dimensional and 2dimensional thermoelectric infrared sensor arrays working all on the base of doped polysilicon, we use the material group Bi-Sb-Te to obtain highest values of thermoelectric efficiency and specific detectivity to realize an optimum of spectral wavelength resolution.
Methods for Generating Land Suitability Maps : A Comparative Evaluation

Methods for Generating Land Suitability Maps: A Comparative Evaluation Lewis D. Hopkins a a Assistant professor in landscape architecture and in the Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He coordinates the interdepartmental specialization in computer aided land resources planning. He received M.R. P. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and has worked on land resource inventory studies in consulting, research, and teaching contexts. Published online: 26 Nov 2007.
Dynamic behavior of the intensi fi ed alternative con fi gurations for quaternary distillation

Process intensification emerges as an important tool in the synthesis of multicomponent distillation configurations aimed at the reduction of the energy use and capital costs. Operational and fixed costs savings coupled with simplicity and controllability design configurations appear as an essential characteristic for industrial acceptance of intensified configurations. Following the aforementioned principles, two intensified configurations for the separation of quaternary mixture, were considered. These configurations were recognized as a valid alternative to overcome the complexity of the quaternary Petlyuk scheme. The study of the dynamics and control properties represent an important research issue in the analysis of new configurations to prove their effective applicability. The theoretical control properties of the alternative intensified configurations were obtained using the singular value decomposition technique in all frequency domain. In order to complete the control study, the distillation schemes were subjected to closed-loop dynamic simulations. The results show that there are cases in which the intensified sequences do not only provide energy savings, but also may offer dynamic advantages in comparison to the conventional four-component scheme. ã 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Comparision coping ways of athlets and sedanters.

Stress is a term in psychology and biology, first coined in the biological context in the 1930s by H. Selye (1956). It refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism - human or animal - to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats, whether actual or imagined. It was defined as an action against conditions like a number of conditions that prevents individuals to response in an adequate and instrumental way to environmental stimuli, tiredness, tension, sadness, physical damage nervous breakdown or loss of self-esteem (A. Balci, 2000). Coping refers to an individual's constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage external and internal demand or conflicts (R.S. Lazarus S. Folkman 1984) like stress. The aim of this study was to compare the mean between coping ways of the athletes and sedanters to the stress. Study was tried to demonstrate whether there was a significant difference between the research groups by the results of this survey. The research method was descriptive and survey. The study was conducted by the athletes and sedanters in both Elazig and Kastamonu Provinces of Turkiye. N.H. Şahin and A. Durak's study (1995) "validity and reliability of Coping Ways Inventory for Turkish was used for collecting datas which was developed by S. Folkman & R.S. Lazarus's (1980). The participants were all Turkish. As a result of this study, datas were recorded on statistical package programme for the statistical analysis and standart deviation, standart error, mean have been determined. The differences between groups have been examined by t-test in the significance level 0.05. In this study there were 320 volunteer athletes and sedanters. Among the 320 participants there were 52 female athletes, 75 female sedanters and 108 male athletes, 85 male sedanters. Athletes were consist of twelve branches. The ages of the sample ranged from 12 - to 81, with a mean of 13, 86 (SD = 7,270 ). Education rate and incomes are similar within the athlete group but they are all different in sedanter group. In conclusion, the findings of the study confirmed a meaningful only two fields (helplessness, Optimism). In the field of helplessness, statistically significant difference was found between the athletes and sedanters (P< 0,05) It was seen that Athletes helplessness mean score was higher than sedanters. Optimism mean score also was found significant in our study (P< 0,05) because athletes mean score was higher than sedanters The other three fields (Self-Confidence, Submissiveness, Social support) were found meaningless between athletes and sedanters.
Novel graphene-based nanostructures: physicochemical properties and applications

The review concerns graphene-based nanostructures including graphene nanoribbons a few nanometres wide, structures functionalized with hydrogen and fluorine atoms as well as pure carbon composites. The physicochemical properties and the chemical engineering methods for their fabrication are considered. Methods for solving problems in modern nanotechnology are discussed. Possible applications of graphene and graphene-based nanostructures in various devices are outlined. The bibliography includes 286 references.
Ultra Low Power Design for Digital CMOS Circuits Operating Near Threshold

Circuits operating in the subthreshold region are synonymous to low energy operation. However, the penalty in performance is colossal. In this paper, we investigate how designing in moderate inversion region recuperates some of that lost performance, while remaining very near to the minimum energy point. An power based minimum energy delay modeling that is continuous over the weak, moderate, and strong inversion regions is presented. The effect of supply voltage and device sizing on the minimum energy and performance is determined. The proposed model is utilized to design a temperature to time generator at 32nm technology node as the application of the proposed model.
Configural processing in melody recognition

The configural processing which occurs during melody perception and recognition was discussed. Configural processing was related to the processing of an abstract representation of a melody as relying on a specific arrangement of its constituent elements. The melodies which consisted of the degraded pitches and tested pitch perception of tones and their overall melody recognition were also presented.
Apprentissage de modalités auxiliaires pour la localisation basée vision

In this paper we present a new training with side modality framework to enhance image-based localization. In order to learn side modality information, we train a fully convolutional decoder network that transfers meaningful information from one modality to another. We validate our approach on a challenging urban dataset. Experiments show that our system is able to enhance a purely image-based system by properly learning appearance of a side modality. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the proposed network is lighter and faster to train, while producing comparable results.
Introduction of mirtenal as an indicator component in essential oil of Cuminum cyminum Isfahan variety

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is one of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants which has high economic value in spite of its low yield. The seeds of Cuminum cyminum Isfahan variety were treated by six levels of chemical fertilizers and their essential oil was extracted by Clevenger. The essential oil yield was varied between 1.84% up to 5.06%. The essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS and their component was determined by use of Wiley electronic and NIST special libraries. There were seven major components with different percentage in different treatments. Major components were myrtenal (% 28-%43.5), -pinene ( %4.2-%20.65) , p-cymene (%4.4-%10.7), -terpinene ( %13.65-%23.08), pulgen ( trace- %7.46), Cumin aldehyde ( 16.59-27.8%) and pmenta,1-7,3al (%2.25-%9.6) . The high percentage of aldehyde in essential oil shows its suitable quality. In order to identify the essential oil of Cumin Isfahan variety from others, it could be referred to large amount of mirtenal as an indicator.
Comparison of cost-effectivenes and clinical outcomes of abdominal, vaginal and total laparoscopic hysterectomy in a selected group

Amac: Total laparoskopik histerektomi (TLH), total abdominal histerektomi (TAH) ve vajinal histerektominin (VH) perioperatif ve postoperatif sonuclarini; secili hasta grubunda karsilastirmaktir. Gerec ve Yontem: 223 histerektomi calismaya dahil edildi. Hastalar uc gruba ayrildi. Grup 1'de TLH (n = 63); Grup 2'de TAH (n = 133), Grup 3 ise VH (n = 37) yapilan hastalardan olusuyordu. Her uc grubun da benzer yas, parite ve uterus boyutlari vardi. Baslica degerlendirilen olcutler; ameliyat suresi, ates, analjezi gereksinimi, hastanede kalis suresi, ise geri donus suresi, perioperatif ve postoperatif komplikasyonlar, kan transfuzyonu sayisi ve ameliyat masraflari idi. Bulgular: Operasyon suresi VH grubunda en kisa idi. Uc grup arasinda hastanede kalis sureleri acisindan anlamli farklilik saptanmadi. VH en ucuz histerektomi tipiydi. VH grubu TLH grubuyla karsilastirildiginda; analjezik gereksinimi ve ise geri donus suresi acisindan istatistiki fark tespit edilmedi. VH grubunda; TAH (p = 0.001) ve TLH gruplarina kiyasla daha fazla kan transfuzyonu gerektigi saptandi(p <0.001). Sonuc: VH diger iki teknik ile karsilastirildiginda en kisa operasyon suresi ve en dusuk cerrahi maliyete sahipken; benzer perioperatif ve postoperatif sonuclar saptandi.
University of Groningen Average Transverse Momentum Quantities Approaching the Lightfront Boer

In this contribution toLightCone 2014, three average transversemomentumquantities are discussed: the Sivers shift, the dijet imbalance, and the pT broadening. The definitions of these quantities involve integrals over all transverse momenta that are overly sensitive to the region of large transverse momenta, which conveys little information about the transverse momentum distributions of quarks and gluons inside hadrons. TMD factorization naturally suggests alternative definitions of such integrated quantities, using Bessel-weighting and rapidity cut-offs, with the conventional definitions as limiting cases. The regularized quantities are given in terms of integrals over the TMDs of interest that are well-defined and moreover have the advantage of being amenable to lattice evaluations.
Different expression levels of two kgmB-His fusion proteins

The KgmB methylase from Streptomyces tenebrarius was expressed and purified using the QIAexpress System. Two expression vectors were made: pQEK-N, which places a (His)6 tag at the N-terminus, and pQEK-C, which places a (His)6 tag at the C-terminus of the recombinant KgmB protein. Kanamycin resistance of the E. coli cells containing either the pQEK-N or the pQEK-C recombinant plasmids confirmed the functionality of both KgmB-His fusion proteins in vivo. Interestingly, different levels of expression were observed between these two recombinant proteins. Namely, KgmB methylase with the (His)6 tag at the N-terminus showed a higher level of ex- pression. Purification of the (His)6-tagged proteins using Ni-NTA affinity chromatog- raphy was performed under native conditions and the KgmB methylase with (His)6 tag at the N-terminus was purified to homogeneity >95 %. The recombinant KgmB protein was detected on a Western blot using anti-Sgm antibodies.
A NOVEL ROUTING MECHANISM USING SNR AND CBDM TECHNIQUE TO DEFEND AGAINST DDOS ATTACK

The increased development of e-commerce leads to the increased development of security on network resource. DDoS attack aims on total packets on the network, which in turn delay the user from accessing their network resource. The DDoS attack runs on a client machine and tries to compromise other systems in the standard network configurations and makes it as weak configurations. There are two types of DDoS attack such as flood attack and crash attack. The vast development of internet technology resulted in large scale need of IP routers [1].