Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
dbscan : Fast Density-based Clustering with R Michael Hahsler

This article describes the implementation and use of the R package dbscan, which provides complete and fast implementations of the popular density-based clustering algorithm DBSCAN and the augmented ordering algorithm OPTICS. Compared to other implementations, dbscan offers open-source implementations using C++ and advanced data structures like k-d trees to speed up computation. An important advantage of this implementation is that it is up-to-date with several primary advancements that have been added since their original publications, including artifact corrections and dendrogram extraction methods for OPTICS. Experiments with dbscan’s implementation of DBSCAN and OPTICS compared and other libraries such as FPC, ELKI, WEKA, PyClustering, SciKit-Learn and SPMF suggest that dbscan provides a very efficient implementation.
Nanoparticle characterization of Er-doped SnO2 pellets obtained with different pH of colloidal suspension

SnO2:2 at. %Er xerogel samples were obtained by sol-gel technique from colloidal suspensions with distinct pHs. The evaluation of critical regions inside the nanocrystallite is fundamental for the interpretation of the influence of pH on the emission data. In this way, the nanocrystal depletion layer thickness was obtained with the help of photoluminescence, Raman, X-ray diffraction, and field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy measurements. It was observed that acid suspensions (pH < 7) lead to high surface disorder in which a larger number of cross-linked bonds Sn-O-Sn among nanoparticles are present. For these samples, the nanoparticle depletion layer is larger as compared to samples obtained from other pH. Photoluminescence measurement in the near infrared region indicates that the emission intensity of the transition 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 is also influenced by the pH of the starting colloidal suspension, generating peaks more or less broadened, depending on location of Er3+ ions in the SnO2 lattice .
Surface Effects on Nanoindentation

In this paper, we report on a study of the surface effect on nanoindentation and introduce the apparent surface stress that represents the energy dissipated per unit area of a solid surface in a nanoindentation test The work done by an applied indentation load contains both bulk and surface work. Surface work, which is related to the apparent surface stress and the size and geometry of an indenter tip, is necessary in the deformation of a solid surface. Good agreement is found between theoretical first-order approximations and empirical data on depth-dependent hardness, indicating that the apparent surface stress plays an important role in depth-dependent hardness. In addition, we introduce a critical indentation depth. The surface deformation predominates if the indentation depth is shallower than the critical depth, while the bulk deformation predominates when the indentation depth is deeper than the critical depth.
Emergence of Vortex Swarming in Daphnia

Swarming formation is a commonly observed group behavior in various biological systems. It is an example of emergent global pattern in a collection of individuals who follows simple-minded rules. In this paper we will discuss a special phenomenon of swarming, vortex swarming, that is observed in high-density population of Daphnia. Particular interest lays in the transition from a low-density, normal swarming state, in which rotation direction is equally probable among the Daphias, to the high-density, vortex swarming state, in which nearly all Daphnias rotate in one direction. We will examine the observations, mathematical models and simulations for both states, and discuss the possible parameters controlling the activation of vortex swarming formation.
Inter-ethnic Partnerships: Remaking Urban Ethnic Diversity

Inter-ethnic couples are a growing population with unique and understudied residential geographies. Using customised 2006 Census data for the Greater Sydney region, we investigate the prevalence and geographic distribution of a socially significant subset of cohabiting inter-ethnic couples: ethnic majority–minority couples. These couples are comprised of an Anglo/European or (‘white’) Australian partner and a partner from a ‘visible’ ethnic minority group. We find that ethnic majority–minority couples are most concentrated in inner-city areas of moderate ethnic diversity and high socio-economic status; and are more residentially dispersed than their respective ethnic minority groups. Inter-ethnic partnership appears to alter the residential geographies of ethnic minority groups. By shifting the scale of analysis from the individual to the household, our findings complicate established understandings of the ethnic geographies of Australian cities.
High throughput fabrication of cell spheroids by templating water-in-water Pickering emulsions

We report a simple technique for the high throughput generation of tissue spheroids based on the encapsulation of dispersed adherent cells in particle-stabilised water-in-water emulsions. We demonstrate cell encapsulation and spheroid generation using fibroblast cells which can find applications in 3D culturing, tissue engineering, inks for bioprinting and cell therapy.
Allelopathic Effects of Some Selected Tree Species on the Germination and Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)

The allelopathic effect of three tree species (Azardiracta indica, Vitellaria paradoxa, and Parkia bi-globosa) on germination and growth of cowpea was investigated in the Southern Guinea Savannah agro ecological zone of Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replicates. Data were collected on germination, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, root length, the above grand biomass and the below grand biomass and were subjected to statistical analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the significant mean was separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% possibility level. Results showed that the tree species brought about considerable inhibition in the germination of cowpea seeds and in its growth parameters. The statistical germination value of the cowpea seeds under the tree species had decreased value thus indicating that growth inhibitions were seriously felt. It was apparent that Parkia biglobosa (53.33) and Vitellaria paradoxa (60.00) had more inhibitory effect on cowpea seeds germinability than that of Azardiracta indica. (63.33) while all the treatments are lower than that of control (100). The tree species had similar inhibition capability in the cowpea plant height, stem circumference, number of leaves, above grand biomass and below grand biomass. However, in all treatment, statistic showed that there is no significant difference (p
Land Cover Change Knowledge Representation Using Temporal Logic and Operation Relations

The knowledge representation model plays an important role in the dynamic extracting and web service for Land Cover Change. While former researches were mainly focus on the represent of Spatio-temporal data itself, fewer of them attended the relations of Land Cover Information associated with change. This paper focused on the Land Cover Representation Model, and presented a knowledge representation model for LCC using temporal logic and operation relations. Firstly, we analyses the new demanding of change information service for web publishing, secondly, we discuss the temporal logic of snapshots and increments; then we introduce a method to represent the operation relations between snapshots and increments; finally we construct a knowledge representation for Land Cover Change based on the temporal logic and operation relations.
PROGNOSTICATE THE DRUGS FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS BY USING GENE EXPRESSION TECHNIQUE WITH POLYCLONAL AND MONOCLONAL SAMPLES

A major protest in cancer treatment is predicting the clinical response to anti-cancer drugs for each individual patient. For complex diseases such as Myeloma, characterized by high inter-patient variance, the implementation of precision medicine approaches is dependent upon understanding the pathological processes at the molecular level. Myeloma is one of the horrible diseases in the world claiming plurality of lives. Accurately predicting drug responses to Myeloma is a most important problem preventing oncologists’ efforts to ensemble the most powerful drugs to treat Myeloma, which is a root goal in precision medicine. It entails the design of therapies that are matched for each individual patient. In this article, it considers a review of approaches that have been proposed to tackle the drug sensitivity prediction problem especially with respect to the personalized Cancer therapy. There are a total of 44 drug sensitivity prediction algorithms. In that the gene expression microarrays consistently provided the best predictive power of the individual profiling data sets; however, performance was increased by including multiple, independent data sets. The proposed algorithm surpassed Bayesian Multitask Multiple Kernel Learning (BMMKL) classification which currently represent the state-of-the-art in drug-response prediction and finally passed the gene expression data to Cytoscape for visualization.
An Empirical Assessment of an Intention Language for Software Merging

Maintaining variability in software systems can be achieved in two ways: forking and integrating. Variants of the same software can coexist in an ecosystem consisting of so-called forks, which are large-scale clones, with some small-scale alterations to change the desired behavior [1]. By integrating all variability in a single repository, maintainability can be increased, and duplication of e↵ort reduced [2], [1]. In an integrated platform, variability is controlled at compile-time or at runtime. When a fork variant is merged into an integrated platform through a version control system, the developer performing the merge must manually handle both the variability and potential conflicts on a source code level [3], [4]. Since feature integration is a complex task, performing it manually is time-consuming and error-prone. Understanding the patterns of such conflict resolution and variability management, and abstracting it away from the source code, considering the intentions of the developer allows for development of variability-aware merging tools. The author is currently involved in collaborating in the development of a language with the aim at capturing such intentions. The expected benefits of a variability-aware merging tool based on such a language is increased work speed and reduced software defects. This study aims to analyze and refine the aforementioned intentions language describing the intentions of software merging and to empirically assess a merging process that employs the language and its implementation in a merge tool. The language is validated and refined based on data obtained from mining the open-source 3D-printer firmware Marlin1, which in 2014 had 1588 forks [1]. Following this, the language is implemented in a merge tool, which is evaluated using a controlled experiment. This thesis will contribute a dataset of merges; an instantiation of the intentions language for all the merges; empirical data on the the use of the language; and a qualitative investigation into the di↵erences between intention-based merging and manual merging.
eview ew insights in mucosal vaccine development

Mucosal surfaces are the major entrance for infectious pathogens and therefore mucosal immune responses serve as a first line of defence. Most current immunization procedures are obtained by parenteral injection and only few vaccines are administered by mucosal route, because of its low efficiency. However, targeting of mucosal compartments to induce protective immunity at both mucosal sites and systemic level represents a great challenge. Major efforts are made to develop new mucosal candidate
Integration of data for nowcasting of harmful algal blooms

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a significant and potentially expanding problem around the world. Resource management and public health protection require sufficient information to reduce the impacts of HABs by response strategies and through warnings and advisories. To be effective, these programs can best be served by an integration of improved detection methods with both evolving monitoring systems and new communications capabilities. Data sets are typically collected from a variety of sources, these can be considered as several types: point data, such as water samples; transects, such as from shipboard continuous sampling; and synoptic, such as from satellite imagery. Generation of a field of the HAB distribution requires all of these sampling approaches. This means that the data sets need to be interpreted and analyzed with each other to create the field or distribution of the HAB. The HAB field is also a necessary input into models that forecast blooms. Several systems have developed strategies that demonstrate these approaches. These range from data sets collected at key sites, such as swimming beaches, to automated collection systems, to integration of interpreted satellite data. Improved data collection, particularly in speed and cost, will be one of the advances of the next few years. Methods to improve creation of the HAB field from the variety of data types will be necessary for routine nowcasting and forecasting of HABs.
A Survey of telecardiology projects in Italy

It is estimated that in Italy there are about three million people affected by chronic heart failure. Cardiology is the health care field currently getting the largest benefits from telemedicine. Transmission, using wireless devices, makes possible to achieve virtual hospitalization: it is possible to anticipate the time of discharging and the patient can be remotely controlled by the central station in the ICU of the department of Medicine. Teleconsulting (i.e. a distance consulting between physicians) is applied in telecardiology, it allows the realization of a consulting between cardiology departments and remote services in the same hospital or among far-away hospitals. In this paper some of the most significant cardiac telemonitoring projects in Italy are described. Also reported, the projects involving the applications of implantable cardiac devices which can be controlled remotely. In conclusion, we sketch out the future prospects of telecardiology research and its applications in Italy.
Simulated Synthesis Imaging of Geostationary Satellites

Abstract : We simulate observations of a satellite using various optical interferometer configurations, and reconstruct images with aperture synthesis techniques from these simulated observations. We compare the typical Y-shaped interferometer design to arrays of 30 telescopes on either a redundant or a non-redundant hexagonal grid and to an array mounted on a linear movable boom, all with multiple spectral channels covering a broad wavelength range. We investigate the number of telescopes, the baseline lengths, and the configuration that retrieve the most accurate image relative to the original.
Modelling and optimal controller design of networked control systems with multiple delays

In this paper we discuss the modelling and control of networked control systems (NCS) where sensors, actuators and controllers are distributed and interconnected by a common communication network. Multiple distributed communication delays as well as multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) are considered in the modelling algorithm. In addition, the asynchronous sampling mechanisms of distributed sensors are characterized to obtain the actual time delays between sensors and the controller. Due to the characteristics of a network architecture, piecewise constant plant inputs are assumed and discrete-time models of plant and controller dynamics are adopted to analyse the stability and performance of a closed-loop NCS. The analysis result is used to verify the stability and performance of an NCS without considering the impact of multiple time delays in the controller design. In addition, the proposed NCS model is used as a foundation for optimal controller design. The proposed control algorithm utilizes the information of delayed signals and improves the control performance of a control system encountering distributed communication delays. Several simulation studies are provided to verify the control performance of the proposed controller design.
CHANDRA AND SUZAKU OBSERVATIONS OF THE Be/X-RAY STAR HD110432

We present an analysis of a pointed 141 ks Chandra high-resolution transmission gratings observation of the Be X-ray emitting star HD110432, a prominent member of the γ Cas analogs. This observation represents the first high-resolution spectrum taken for this source as well as the longest uninterrupted observation of any γ Cas analog. The Chandra light curve shows a high variability but its analysis fails to detect any coherent periodicity up to a frequency of 0.05 Hz. Hardness ratio versus intensity analyses demonstrate that the relative contributions of the [1.5–3] Å, [3–6] Å, and [6–16] Å energy bands to the total flux change rapidly in the short term. The analysis of the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) spectrum shows that, to correctly describe the spectrum, three model components are needed. Two of those components are optically thin thermal plasmas of different temperatures (kT ≈ 8–9 and 0.2–0.3 keV, respectively) described by the models vmekal or bvapec. The Fe abundance in each of these two components appears equal within the errors and is slightly subsolar with Z ≈ 0.75 Z☉. The bvapec model better describes the Fe L transitions, although it cannot fit well the Na xi Lyα line at 10.02 Å, which appears to be overabundant. Two different models seem to describe well the third component. One possibility is a third hot optically thin thermal plasma at kT = 16–21 keV with an Fe abundance Z ≈ 0.3 Z☉, definitely smaller than for the other two thermal components. Furthermore, the bvapec model describes well the Fe K shell transitions because it accounts for the turbulence broadening of the Fe xxv and Fe xxvi lines with a vturb ≈ 1200 km s−1. These two lines, contributed mainly by the hot thermal plasma, are significantly wider than the Fe Kα line whose FWHM < 5 mÅ is not resolved by Chandra. Alternatively, the third component can be described by a power law with a photon index of Γ = 1.56. In either case, the Chandra HETG spectrum establishes that each one of these components must be modified by distinct absorption columns. The analysis of a noncontemporaneous 25 ks Suzaku observation shows the presence of a hard tail extending up to at least 33 keV. The Suzaku spectrum is described with the sum of two components: an optically thin thermal plasma at kT ≈ 9 keV and Z ≈ 0.74 Z☉, and a very hot second plasma with kT ≈ 33 keV or, alternatively, a power law with photon index of Γ = 1.58. In either case, each one of the two components must be affected by different absorption columns. Therefore, the kT = 8–9 keV component is definitely needed while the nature of the harder emission cannot be unambiguously established with the present data sets. The analysis of the Si xiii and S xv He-like triplets present in the Chandra spectrum points to a very dense (ne ∼ 1013 cm−3) plasma located either close to the stellar surface (r < 3R*) of the Be star or, alternatively, very close (r ∼ 1.5RWD) to the surface of a (hypothetical) white dwarf companion. We argue, however, that the available data support the first scenario.
Clinical manifestation of chlamydial urethritis , epididymitis , prostatitis

Chlamydiae are small gram-negative obligate intracellular microorganisms that preferentially infect squamocolumnar epithelial cells. Chlamydia species which can cause infections in humans are C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci and C. trachomatis. Of the three species, C. trachomatis is responsible for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in men and women. Identified in 1907, C. trachomatis was the first chlamydial agent discovered in humans. The life cycle of C. trachomatis consists of an extracellular form (the elementary body) and the intracellular form (the reticulate body). The elementary body attaches to and penetrates columnar epithelial cells, where it transforms into the reticulate body, the active reproductive form of the organism. The reticulate body forms large inclusions within cells and then begins to reorganize into small elementary bodies. C. trachomatis can be differentiated into 18 serovars (serologically variant strains) based on monoclonal antibody–based typing assays. Serovars A, B, Ba, and C are associated with trachoma (a serious eye disease that can lead to blindness), serovars D-K are associated with genital tract infections, and L1-L3 are associated with lymphogranuloma venereum.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Compiler Fuzzing through Deep Learning

Random program generation — fuzzing — is an effective technique for discovering bugs in compilers but successful fuzzers require extensive development effort for every language supported by the compiler, and often leave parts of the language space untested. We introduce DeepSmith, a novel machine learning approach to accelerating compiler validation through the inference of generative models for compiler inputs. Our approach infers a learned model of the structure of real world code based on a large corpus of open source code. Then, it uses the model to automatically generate tens of thousands of realistic programs. Finally, we apply established differential testing methodologies on them to expose bugs in compilers. We apply our approach to the OpenCL programming language, automatically exposing bugs with little effort on our side. In 1,000 hours of automated testing of commercial and open source compilers, we discover bugs in all of them, submitting 67 bug reports. Our test cases are on average two orders of magnitude smaller than the state-of-the-art, require 3 . 03 × less time to generate and evaluate, and expose bugs which the state-of-the-art cannot. Our random program generator, comprising only 500 lines of code, took 12 hours to train for OpenCL versus the state-of-the-art taking 9 man months to port from a generator for C and 50,000 lines of code. With 18 lines of code we extended our program generator to a second language, uncovering crashes in Solidity compilers in 12 hours of automated testing.
Effect of Water on the Thermal Transition Observed in Poly(allylamine hydrochloride)–Poly(acrylic acid) Complexes

Here, we present the thermal behavior of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) containing weak polyelectrolytes poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as influenced by water content and complexation pH. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) reveals a glass-transition-like thermal transition (Ttr) that decreases in value with increasing hydration and with decreasing complexation pH. We show the collapse of all Ttr values into a single master curve when plotted against the ratio of water molecules per intrinsic (PAH+–PAA–) ion pair for all pH values explored. Remarkably, this master curve is linear when the natural log of the water to intrinsic ion pair ratio is plotted against the inverse of Ttr. This strongly indicates that the thermal transition is heavily influenced by water at the intrinsic ion pair site. Other water–solvent mixtures are also explored, for which Ttr appears to depend only on water content, regardless of the added solvent. These results suggest that wa.