Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological Symposia, Vol. VII, Visual Mechanisms

137 casual consideration of the general principles, but in the present edition this defect has been rectified. Accordingly, the first 13 chapters have been completely rewritten. This has greatly improved an already well-written, well-illustrated, and adequately documented textbook of pathology. This volume is based on a group of papers presented at a symposium held during the celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the University of Chicago in 1941. To the eight papers presented by leading investigators at this symposium four more have been added. The volume is not planned to be an exhaustive treatment of the subject but it does give a good account of modern studies of vision based on various methods and points of view. The anatomy of the retina and especially a summary of comparative anatomical studies of the visual cells give a good background for the discussions on visual purple and its possible composition and its relation to vitamin A. Various modern technics are applied in pursuit of visual sensations along the optic nerve and through stations within the central nervous system. The studies include both experimental and abnormal material involving tumors in the brain. In presenting various concepts of functional organization of the visual system, the geniculo-striate system is discussed dealing with problems concerned with brightness, color, area, distance, shape, etc. Data are also offered to show the high sensitivity of the human retino-cortical system to reduction of oxygen tension. A bibliography accompanies each chapter and will be found useful for those who wish to study further the controversial aspects of the subject. Written to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the School of Nursing in the Presbyterian Hospital, the book vividly portrays the growth of the school from its simple beginning to this present year of war. This school, because of its fine leadership, has been from the first in the forefront of progress. In reading this volume one is able to visualize the development of nursing as a profession. The expansion of the curriculum from 73 hours in 1893-94
Occupational therapy evaluation: use of self-report and/or observation?

Abstract Background: The Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model (OTIPM) serves to guide occupational therapists in their professional reasoning. The OTIPM prescribes evaluation of task performance based on both self-report and observation. Although this approach seems ideal, many clinicians raise the issue that time to perform evaluations is limited. It is, therefore, relevant to examine whether similar information concerning task performance can be obtained using self-report or observation. Objective: The aims were to investigate what information can be obtained regarding the quality of ADL task performance based on self-report and observation, respectively, and to examine the relationship between measures of self-reported and observed quality of ADL task performance. Methods: The quality of ADL task performance among 20 adults with depression was evaluated using the ADL Interview (ADL-I) and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Results and conclusions: Results indicated that participants both reported and demonstrated increased effort and/or fatigue, increased use of time, need for assistance, and safety problems. However, little relationship was found between measures of self-reported and observed quality of ADL task performance, supporting the use of both self-report and observation as part of the evaluation phase outlined in the OTIPM.
Relationships Between Leaders' and Subordinates' Emotion Regulation and Satisfaction and Affect at Work

ABSTRACT The study examined relationships between leaders' emotion regulation and leaders' and subordinates' work-related outcomes. Fifty-one school directors and 281 teachers reported on their strategies of emotion regulation (reappraisal, suppression), job satisfaction, and affect at work. For subordinates, suppression was negatively related to job satisfaction and was positively related to negative affect and emotional exhaustion, and reappraisal was positively related to job satisfaction and negatively to negative affect. In contrast, multilevel analyses found that directors' use of reappraisal was negatively related to subordinates' job satisfaction, and directors' use of suppression was positively related to subordinates' positive affect. Leaders' suppression interacted with group cohesion to predict subordinates' negative affect. This is one of the first studies to find evidence for the possible tension between leaders' emotion regulation competencies and organizational-role interests.
The date and context of a stone row: Cut Hill, Dartmoor, south-west England

The beginning of monolithic monumentality in Europe is of outstanding significance and its accurate dating a consummation devoutly to be wished. In this case study from England, the researchers had the good fortune to find monoliths stratified above and below by peat and so were able to give them a bracketed radiocarbon date and an environmental context. The results show that the stones, belonging to a linear alignment of eight others, were erected in a clearing of heathland in the fourth millennium BC. The date raises the possibility of a Neolithic appearance for this type of stone row in south-west Britain and Britanny.
iTRAQ Analysis Reveals Mechanisms of Growth Defects Due to Excess Zinc in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]

The micronutrient zinc is essential for all living organisms, but it is toxic at high concentrations. Here, to understand the effects of excess zinc on plant cells, we performed an iTRAQ (for isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification)-based quantitative proteomics approach to analyze microsomal proteins from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots. Our approach was sensitive enough to identify 521 proteins, including several membrane proteins. Among them, IRT1, an iron and zinc transporter, and FRO2, a ferric-chelate reductase, increased greatly in response to excess zinc. The expression of these two genes has been previously reported to increase under iron-deficient conditions. Indeed, the concentration of iron was significantly decreased in roots and shoots under excess zinc. Also, seven subunits of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a proton pump on the tonoplast and endosome, were identified, and three of them decreased significantly in response to excess zinc. In addition, excess zinc in the wild type decreased V-ATPase activity and length of roots and cells to levels comparable to those of the untreated de-etiolated3-1 mutant, which bears a mutation in V-ATPase subunit C. Interestingly, excess zinc led to the formation of branched and abnormally shaped root hairs, a phenotype that correlates with decreased levels of proteins of several root hair-defective mutants. Our results point out mechanisms of growth defects caused by excess zinc in which cross talk between iron and zinc homeostasis and V-ATPase activity might play a central role.
Effect of deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts - a prospective study of two cohorts.

OBJECTIVES The augmentation of the alveolar ridge using iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts is routinely used. However, bone grafts show a substantial degree of resorption, which may negatively affect the long-term success of dental implants in the augmented area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac bone grafts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two cohorts consisting of 40 patients who received a vertical augmentation of the alveolar ridge with onlay grafts from the iliac crest were prospectively investigated over a period of 2 years. In half of the patients (n = 40), the grafts were covered by a thin layer of deproteinized bovine bone matrix (DBBM cohort). The other 40 patients received the identical surgical procedure without a DBBM coverage (non-DBBM cohort). The graft height/resorption was radiographically determined immediately after surgery, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. RESULTS The height of the bone graft 6 months after surgery accounted 92.15% of the initial value in the DBBM cohort and 87.76% in the non-DBBM cohort. One year after augmentation, the height reduced to 83.95% in the DBBM cohort and 72.92% in the non-DBBM cohort. Two years after surgery, the resorption slowed down and the height of the grafts accounted 81.27% in the DBBM cohort and 71.43% in the non-DBBM cohort. The difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Deproteinized bovine bone matrix reduces the postoperative resorption of iliac bone block grafts and may therefore enhance the long-term implant prognosis in the augmented area.
Performance Analysis of ARQ with Opportunistic Scheduling in IEEE 802.16 Networks

As a promising broadband wireless access standard, IEEE 802.16 specified some advance physical layer techniques and media access control layer protocols, which pose many fundamental differences in terms of automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanism, scheduling scheme, and resource allocation, compared with those done in many previous works. In this paper, we analyze the performance of ARQ in IEEE 802.16 networks by jointly considering the opportunistic scheduling scheme, where the delivery delay and goodput are investigated as two performance metrics. Simulation results are given to verify the proposed analysis model.
Folate and vitamin B12 in older Australians

The recent viewpoint by Kamien1 and letter by Gunasekera2 rightly highlight the benefits of folate fortification and the unlikely occurrence of masking pernicious anaemia. Food Standards Australia New Zealand recently submitted a proposal supporting the mandatory fortification of bread-making flour to increase folate intakes in women of child-bearing age, with the aim of reducing the risk of children being born with neural tube defects.3 This proposal has had extensive public comment and will be considered by the Australia and New Zealand Food Regulation Ministerial Council. Several public groups and individuals continue to raise concerns that higher dietary folate levels could increase B12 deficiency. Our data, collected from a population-based sample of 2596 older people in the Blue Mountains region, from 1997 to 2000, do not suggest that this is a likely outcome.
Predictors of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Growth and AAA Rupture Risk Besides AAA Size: Fact or Fiction?

Flondell-Site et al in this issue of Angiology report that besides abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter (P 1⁄4 .0019), endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels (P 1⁄4 .0230) were significant predictors of AAA growth in 178 patients with AAA followed conservatively (mean: 2.9 + 1.6 years). In univariate analysis, ET-1 levels also predicted death or need for AAA surgery. These results suggest an alternative/additional predictor of AAA growth and rupture risk besides AAA diameter. Currently, the main criterion for AAA repair is an AAA diameter 5.5 cm. The 5.5-cm diameter threshold is the size when the AAA rupture rate balances the mortality rates of elective AAA repair (3%). However, some AAAs rupture when they are smaller and many are discovered after they have exceeded this critical diameter but have not ruptured. It therefore seems that size alone is not sufficient to assess AAA rupture risk. The discovery of alternative predictors of AAA growth and rupture risk holds implications for a more appropriate (earlier/later) surgical management of AAAs. This Editorial discusses potential predictors of AAA growth and rupture risk besides AAA diameter and ET-1.
Myocardial tissue characterization and the role of chronic anemia in sickle cell cardiomyopathy

To use cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques to examine possible causes for the left ventricular (LV) dilatation that occurs in sickle cell disease (SCD), including the effects of chronic anemia, iron‐induced cardiomyopathy, and regional fibrosis due to sludge infarcts that occur during sickle crises.
Balloon Shapes: Reconstructing and Deforming Objects with Volume from Images

Reconstructing the shape of a deformable object from a single image is a challenging problem, even when a 3D template shape is available. Many different methods have been proposed for this problem, however what they have in common is that they are only able to reconstruct the part of the surface which is visible in a reference image. In contrast, we are interested in recovering the full shape of a deformable 3D object. We introduce a new method designed to reconstruct closed surfaces. This type of surface is better suited for representing objects with volume. Our method relies on recent advances in silhouette Based reconstruction methods to obtain the template from a reference image. This template is then deformed in order to fit the measurements of a new input image. We combine an inextensibility prior on the deformation with powerful image measurements, in the form of silhouette and area constraints, to make our method less reliant on point correspondences. We show reconstruction results for different object classes, such as animals or hands, that have not been previously attempted with existing template methods.
Effect of Protein: Lysine Ratio on Energy and Nitrogen Metabolism in Broiler Chickens

The present study was performed to test the assumption that imbalanced dietary amino acid mixtures must lead to increased heat production (HP). The experiment was based on diets formulated to have a wide range of crude protein (CP) concentrations but a fixed concentration of lysine, formulated to be the first-limiting amino acid. 21 d old male broiler chicks (n = 50) were divided in to 5 groups of 5 replicates with 2 bird in each. Five dietary treatments with CP levels of 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30% and with a constant lysine level (1.1%) were formulated. Feed intake, water intake and body-weight gain were measured and heat production were recorded by using indirect calorimetry system. There was no significant effect of varying CP concentration on feed intake. However, CP concentration had a significant effect on the water intake (p<0.01). With constant lysine and varying CP, there was a 75% increase in N intake as CP concentration increased. This led to a 150% increase in N excretion, with no significant change in HP. Simulated HP agreed with the empirically determined results in not showing a trend with dietary CP rather correlated with the first limiting amino acid intake.
Fiber specklegram sensor based on the twist-induced effect in tilted two-mode fiber Bragg gratings

We demonstrate a fiber specklegram sensor based on the twist-induced effect in tilted two-mode fiber Bragg gratings (TM-FBGs). The measured LP<inf>21</inf> mode specklegram rotates 4.73 (radm<sup>−1</sup>) with twist in the tilted TM-FBGs.
Shock and Allied Forms of Failure of the Circulation

359 the spleen and thymus. There is a tendency to duplicate illustrations and the magnifications of most photomicrographs, essential to the beginning student, are not stated in the legends. Inadequate emphasis is placed on the reticulo-endothelial system with only one-half page devoted to it in comparison to sixteen pages devoted to the histology of the teeth. If the author considers it pertinent to include a chapter on the use of the microscope, then, in all fairness, a chapter on the preparation of sections, the usual staining techniques, and the introduction of artefacts into the histological section should also be included. It is unfortunate that the references are placed at the end of the book rather than at the end of each chapter. This book can be placed on the list of the many histology texts available for a college course. If the pre-medical student were exposed to a course in histology with a textbook as this one could have been, then a course of histology in medical school could easily be elaborated into one comprising newer work on histo-physiology, vital staining studies, and experimental methods, stimulating both to the student and to the instructor. Dr. Davis is a clinical surgeon and a scientific investigator with wide interests in pathology, physiology, and biochemistry. He introduces his book as a monograph for the clinician. It is actually a very complete reference text. Few known facts are omitted and few statements are left without documentation. The seventeen chapters divide all fields of knowledge of circulatory failure along flexible lines that enable each chapter to stand alone. Allusions to given investigations are repeated wherever pertinent so that cross-reference between chapters is unnecessary. The index and bibliography are complete. The physiologist, biochemist, or pathologist wishing a survey of the work on circulatory failure in his or allied fields will appreciate the author's extraordinary command of these fields. A clinician considering investigation of any aspect of shock will surely find the answer to the question, "Has it been done? " As a reference for solving problems brought up by clinical practice the book is of definite value. The same features-completeness, repetition, integration on a chapter rather than on a whole-book level-which make it an excellent reference book, make it a difficult volume to read through. Even the author's concept of the triphasic response to stress, which might have served as a central theme, is submerged in the …
Los usuarios de hospitales públicos que son incluidos en ensayos clínicos: el conocimiento sobre sus derechos y obligaciones

The aim of this study was to determine if research subjects were aware of the rights and obligations acquired when they agreed to participate in a clinical trial (CT). Using the data collected in 2013 by members of the Peruvian CT Regulatory Agency (OGITT) during CT inspections in Lima s public hospitals, the author conducted a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with participants in CTs that were testing new treatment regimens for HIV/AIDs and tuberculosis. Content analysis was performe dusing as the unit of analysis each of the 22 interviews (13 patients with pulmonary TB and 9 patients with HIV infection). The thesis presents a descriptive analysis of the strategies used to contact the patients, their sociodemographic characteristics and the CTsin which they were enrolled. The domains of analysis were determined per type of disease and by the responses to the semi-structured interviews. We conclude that the majority of patients included in CT did not know all the rights and obligations included in the informed consent. The physician-patient relationship was considered asymmetrical, hierarchical, and there was no evidence of the researcher demonstrating interest inimproving patients understanding of what participating in a CT entails. One can alsoinfer that patients agreed to participate in a CT to access medical attention, because the state does not guarantee their human right to access health care of acceptable quality in the public hospitals. Another important factor that aggravates the injustice and social exclusion is the poor level of education in most of the interviewees.
Expression of miR-100 and RBSP3 in FTC-133 cells after exposure to 131I

BackgroundSodium iodide (131I) therapy for the management of differentiated thyroid cancer is based on the deposition of certain doses of ionizing radiation, which can modulate microRNA (miRNA, miR) expression. Recent studies have suggested that miR-100 is significantly differentially expressed between benign and malignant thyroid tissue samples and modulates retinoblastoma 1 serine phosphates from human chromosome 3 (RBSP3), which is involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Therefore, the authors tested the hypothesis that a potential mechanism of 131I treatment affects miR-100, which in turn regulates RBSP3 to modulate cell proliferation in thyroid cancer in vitro. Materials and methodsA follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line (FTC-133) was treated with 131I or transfected with an oligonucleotide (miR-100 mimics, inhibitor, or negative control). Real-time quantitative PCR was used to confirm the expression levels of the miR-100 and RBSP3 mRNAs. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the levels of the RBSP3 protein. The cell cycle was analyzed on a cytofluorimeter by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. ResultsRBSP3 protein expression was detected in FTC-133 cells. 131I treatment inhibited the expression of miR-100 in FTC cells, as assessed by real-time quantitative PCR analysis, whereas it upregulated the RBSP3 mRNA and protein. Overexpression and knockdown experiments indicated that miR-100 repressed the expression of the RBSP3 mRNA by blocking its translation. Overexpression of miR-100 led to the downregulation of the RBSP3 protein and promoted the transition of FTC cells from the G1 to the S phase, as assessed using FACS analysis. Conclusion131I treatment inhibited the expression of miR-100, which modulated RBSP3 in FTC cells. The new mechanism of suppression of the proliferation of FTC cells by 131I described here might occur through the downregulation of miR-100.
A Bounded Health Information Technology System Design Approach to Support Community-Based Care Delivery

Health information technology HIT offers great potential for supporting healthcare delivery, particularly collaborative care delivery that is provided across multiple settings and providers. To date much of HIT design has focused on digitizing data or processes on a departmental or healthcare provider basis. However, this bounded approach has not scaled well for supporting community based care across disparate providers or settings because of the lack of boundaries e.g. disprate data and processes that exist in community based care. Cloud computing approaches that leverage mobile form applications for developing integrated HIT solutions have the potential to support collaborative healthcare delivery in the community. However, to date there is a shortage of methods that describe how to develop integrated cloud computing solutions to support community based care delivery. In particular there is a need for methods that identify how to incorporate boundaries into cloud computing systems design. This paper uses a three year case study of the design of the Palliative Care Information System PAL-IS to provide system design insight on cloud computing approaches that leverage mobile forms applications to support community care management.
Regulatory Blueprint for a Chordate Embryo

Ciona is an emerging model system for elucidating gene networks in development. Comprehensive in situ hybridization assays have identified 76 regulatory genes with localized expression patterns in the early embryo, at the time when naïve blastomeres are determined to follow specific cell fates. Systematic gene disruption assays provided more than 3000 combinations of gene expression profiles in mutant backgrounds. Deduced gene circuit diagrams describing the formation of larval tissues were computationally visualized. These diagrams constitute a blueprint for the Ciona embryo and provide a foundation for understanding the evolutionary origins of the chordate body plan.