Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors.

CONTEXT While recent pharmacological advances have generated increased public interest and demand for clinical services regarding erectile dysfunction, epidemiologic data on sexual dysfunction are relatively scant for both women and men. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and risk of experiencing sexual dysfunction across various social groups and examine the determinants and health consequences of these disorders. DESIGN Analysis of data from the National Health and Social Life Survey, a probability sample study of sexual behavior in a demographically representative, 1992 cohort of US adults. PARTICIPANTS A national probability sample of 1749 women and 1410 men aged 18 to 59 years at the time of the survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Risk of experiencing sexual dysfunction as well as negative concomitant outcomes. RESULTS Sexual dysfunction is more prevalent for women (43%) than men (31%) and is associated with various demographic characteristics, including age and educational attainment. Women of different racial groups demonstrate different patterns of sexual dysfunction. Differences among men are not as marked but generally consistent with women. Experience of sexual dysfunction is more likely among women and men with poor physical and emotional health. Moreover, sexual dysfunction is highly associated with negative experiences in sexual relationships and overall well-being. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that sexual dysfunction is an important public health concern, and emotional problems likely contribute to the experience of these problems.
Thermal runaway in integrated circuits

In deep submicrometer technologies, increased standby leakage current in high-performance processors results in increased junction temperature. Elevated junction temperature causes further increase on the standby leakage current. The standby leakage current is expected to increase even more under the burn-in environment leading to still higher junction temperature and possibly the thermal runaway. In this paper, for the first time the concept of thermal runaway and the conditions that lead to thermal runaway is described. Also, the thermal management of high-performance microprocessors to avoid thermal runaway is investigated
Using Data Mining Techniques for Improving Customer Relationship Management

Customer relationship management (CRM) refers to the managerial efforts to technologies and processes that helped to understand firms’ customers. For this reason data mining techniques have an important role to extract the hidden knowledge and information which is inherited in the data used by researchers. This investigation focuses on the current automotive maintenance industry in Iran and applies various data mining technologies to partitioning customers. Its purpose is to determine the group of potential customers who are more likely to purchase optional services. Whereas the dataset used in this study is the real data of company, many steps of preprocess were applied and dataset records have been divided into two categories by attributing labels to the records. After preprocess steps, CAID and C5.0 methods of decision tree have been applied to classify customers and help the desired organization to make decision. By the results of two decision tree methods, there are some more important features for the firm to making decision.
ON THE HIGH-ORDER TOPOLOGICAL ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION FOR SHAPE FUNCTIONS

This article concerns the topological sensitivity analysis for the Laplace operator with respect to the presence of a Dirichlet geometry perturbation. Two main results are presented in this work. In the first result we discuss the influence of the considered geometry perturbation on the Laplace solution. In the second result we study the high-order topological derivatives. We derive a high-order topological asymptotic expansion for a large class of shape functions.
Chk 1 inhibition potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibitor BMN 673 in gastric cancer

Globally, gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths because of the lack of effective treatments for patients with advanced tumors when curative surgery is not possible. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify molecular targets in gastric cancer that can be used for developing novel therapies and prolonging patient survival. Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) is a crucial regulator of cell cycle transition in DNA damage response (DDR). In our study, we report that Chk1 plays an important role in promoting gastric cancer cell survival and growth, which serves as an effective therapeutic target in gastric cancer. First, Chk1 ablation by small interfering RNA could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and sensitize the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) treatment in both p53 wild type gastric cancer cell line AGS, and p53 mutant cell line MKN1. Secondly, we tested the anticancer effects of Chk1 chemical inhibitor LY2606368, which is a novel Chk1/2 targeted drug undergoing clinical trials in many malignant diseases. We found that LY2606368 can induce DNA damage, and remarkably suppress cancer proliferation and induce apoptosis in AGS and MKN1 cells. Moreover, we identified that LY2606368 can significantly inhibit homologous recombination (HR) mediated DNA repair and thus showed marked synergistic anticancer effect in combination with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor BMN673 in both in vitro studies and in vivo experiments using a gastric cancer PDx model. The synergy between LY2606368 and PARP1 was likely caused by impaired the G2M checkpoint due to LY2606368 treatment, which forced mitotic entry and cell death in the presence of BMN673. In conclusion, we propose that Chk1 is a valued target for gastric cancer treatment, especially Chk1 inhibitor combined with PARP inhibitor may be a more effective therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer.
Characterisation of Kenana cattle breed and its production environment

Summary The Kenana cattle breed originates from Bos indicus or humped cattle. The name Kenana came from the traditional owners, the Kenana people, who are mainly nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes. The light blue-gray coat is the characteristic color of Kenana cattle. Calves are frequently born with a brown-red coat that tends to change to a permanent gray at three to six months of age. At maturity the average body weights of males and females range from 300-500 kg and 250-350 kg respectively. The total population of Kenana and Butana cattle as major milk producers comprises 25% of the whole cattle population of Sudan. The Kenana homeland is the delta between the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The main system of production is the range system which includes the pastoral and semi-pastoral types. The nature of the nomadism in Kenana is relatively mild. The average milk production per lactation (198-257 days) varies between 1 400 kg and 2 100 kg respectively and maximum production is attained at seven to eight years of age.
Some structural features of the fovea centralis in the human retina.

Fovea centralis in the human retina was studied with light and electron microscopes on a glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide fixed and epoxy resin embedded specimen. A relatively large amount of Muller cell processes is recognized at the center of the fovea. These cells constitute the floor of the fundus and possess a watery cytoplasm among central cone fibers in an area about 50μ in diameter. The mitochondria of the foveal cone tend to be dispersed in the inner segment and outer cone fiber. At the center, no ellipsoid is discernible in the inner segment of the foveal cone. The basal lamina along the vitreal surface is extremely thin at the fundus of the fovea. The center of the fovea externa, about 80μ in diameter, shows a slight convex elevation.
Bezoars : From Mystical Charms to Medical and Nutritional Management

37 INTRODUCTION Bezoars are retained concretions of indigestible foreign material that accumulate and conglomerate in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the stomach. Bezoars can be composed of virtually any substance including food, hair, medications, and chewing gum. Although they are most commonly found in the stomach, bezoars may occur anywhere from the esophagus to the rectum. Depending on a patient’s course, they may lose a considerable amount of weight due to early satiety and recurrent vomiting. Bezoars have been described in patients with normal gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology, however the majority of gastric bezoars occur as a complication of previous Bezoars: From Mystical Charms to Medical and Nutritional Management NUTRITION ISSUES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY, SERIES #13
Azole antifungals induce up-regulation of SAP4, SAP5 and SAP6 secreted proteinase genes in filamentous Candida albicans cells in vitro and in vivo.

OBJECTIVES Expression of fungal virulence factors can be influenced by exposure to antifungal agents. To test this hypothesis, we determined the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of three antifungal agents on expression of three secreted proteinase genes associated with virulence in filamentous forms of Candida albicans. METHODS GFP-SAP promoter constructs and fluorescence measurement, transcript profiling and RT-PCR in vitro and in an animal model of disseminated Candida infection. RESULTS Exposure of C. albicans to subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole in RPMI 1640 in the absence of serum led to up-regulation of the virulence-associated genes SAP4, SAP5 and SAP6 in hyphae and long pseudohyphae. Measurements with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged promoters showed that the fluorescence of SAP4 and SAP6 under these conditions was strongest in the apical tip compartments of these filamentous cells and declined in compartments more proximal to the parent yeast cell. By contrast, SAP5-GFP fluorescence was expressed at similar levels in all cell compartments. Exposure to fluconazole led to significant increases in GFP-SAP4 and -SAP6 fluorescence in the filaments; itraconazole exposure also significantly increased GFP-SAP4 fluorescence, whereas flucytosine had no effect on any of the constructs. In experimentally infected animals, fluorescence of the GFP-SAP promoter fungal cells in kidney tissues was greater than that was seen in vitro for all four SAP constructs: treatment of animals with fluconazole did not significantly increase SAP promoter expression as measured by GFP fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS Azole antifungal agents stimulated up-regulation of SAP4 and SAP6 genes in filamentous C. albicans cells in vitro and may therefore influence virulence as well as growth of the fungus. However, such effects appear to be transient in vivo.
Chromosome rearrangements resulting from telomere dysfunction and their role in cancer

Telomeres play a vital role in protecting the ends of chromosomes and preventing chromosome fusion. The failure of cancer cells to properly maintain telomeres can be an important source of the chromosome instability involved in cancer cell progression. Telomere loss results in sister chromatid fusion and prolonged breakage/fusion/bridge (B/F/B) cycles, leading to extensive DNA amplification and large deletions. These B/F/B cycles end primarily when the unstable chromosome acquires a new telomere by translocation of the ends of other chromosomes. Many of these translocations are nonreciprocal, resulting in the loss of the telomere from the donor chromosome, providing a mechanism for transfer of instability from one chromosome to another until a chromosome acquires a telomere by a mechanism other than nonreciprocal translocation. B/F/B cycles can also result in other forms of chromosome rearrangements, including double‐minute chromosomes and large duplications. Thus, the loss of a single telomere can result in instability in multiple chromosomes, and generate many of the types of rearrangements commonly associated with human cancer. BioEssays 26:1164–1174, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The potential of panobinostat as a treatment option in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma

Panobinostat is an investigational and potent histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) that has shown promise as an antimultiple myeloma agent in the preclinical setting. In this review, we discuss the rationale for the use of panobinostat as a combination therapy for multiple myeloma and provide an overview of recent and ongoing clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of panobinostat for the treatment of the disease.
Supporting Process Migration Through Communicating Petri Nets

Communicating Petri Nets are a High-Level specification language supporting the operational development of concurrent and distributed applications. While providing a methodological foundation for the specification stage, this formalism permits the modeling of the application as a set of CmPNs, which can be automatically translated into a set of communicating objects. A protocol for the migration of these objects in a dynamic and autonomous manner as presented; its implementation is described, and experimental results are reported.
Identity-aware convolutional neural networks for facial expression recognition

Facial expression recognition is a hot topic in computer vision, but it remains challenging due to the feature inconsistency caused by person-specific characteristics of facial expressions. To address such a challenge, and inspired by the recent success of deep identity network (DeepID-Net) for face identification, this paper proposes a novel deep learning based framework for recognising human expressions with facial images. Compared to the existing deep learning methods, our proposed framework, which is based on multi-scale global images and local facial patches, can significantly achieve a better performance on facial expression recognition. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our proposed framework through experiments on the public benchmarking datasets JAFFE and extended Cohn-Kanade (CK+).
Analysis of 3D Passive Walking Including Turning Motions for the Finite-width Rimless Wheel

The focus of studies in the field of passive walking has often been on straight walking, while less attention has been paid to the field of turning motions. In this paper, the passive motions of a finite width rimless wheel as the simplest 3D model of passive biped walkers was investigated with a focus on turning motions. For this purpose, the hybrid model of the system consisting of continuous and discontinuous phases of motion was derived with respect to a vertical fixed frame that was independent of the surface profile. A Poincare map corresponding to a step is one of the common methods used for the determination of periodic motions (limit cycles) and their specifications. In this study, it was emphasized that the Poincare map has only one fixed point, indicating only one stable periodic motion that is parallel to the steepest slope surface. It is also shown that if the wheel is released from an orientation other than the steepest slope, the wheel turns towards the slope surface and eventually, its motion continues on the only existing stable limit cycle (passive limited turning). The effect of variation among some parameters of the initial conditions on rotational behaviour and its convergence were investigated.
Marrow Cell Transplantation for Infantile Hypophosphatasia

An 8‐month‐old girl who seemed certain to die from the infantile form of hypophosphatasia, an inborn error of metabolism characterized by deficient activity of the tissue‐nonspecific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP), underwent the first trial of bone marrow cell transplantation for this heritable type of rickets. After cytoreduction, she was given T‐cell‐depleted, haplo‐identical marrow from her healthy sister. Chimerism in peripheral blood and bone marrow became 100% donor. Three months later, she was clinically improved, with considerable healing of rickets and generalized skeletal remineralization. However, 6 months post‐transplantation, worsening skeletal disease recurred, with partial return of host hematopoiesis. At the age of 21 months, without additional chemotherapy or immunosuppressive treatment, she received a boost of donor marrow cells expanded ex vivo to enrich for stromal cells. Significant, prolonged clinical and radiographic improvement followed soon after. Nevertheless, biochemical features of hypophosphatasia have remained unchanged to date. Skeletal biopsy specimens were not performed. Now, at 6 years of age, she is intelligent and ambulatory but remains small. Among several hypotheses for our patient's survival and progress, the most plausible seems to be the transient and long‐term engraftment of sufficient numbers of donor marrow mesenchymal cells, forming functional osteoblasts and perhaps chondrocytes, to ameliorate her skeletal disease.
Superresolution algorithms for a modified Hopfield neural network

The authors describe the implementation of a superresolution (or spectral extrapolation) procedure on a neural network, based on the Hopfield (1982) model. They show the computational advantages and disadvantages of such an approach for different coding schemes and for networks consisting of very simple two-state elements as well as those made up of more complex nodes capable of representing a continuum. It is demonstrated that, with the appropriate hardware, there is a computational advantage in using the Hopfield architecture over some alternative methods for computing the same solution. The relationship between a particular mode of operation of the neural network and the regularized Gerchberg (1974) and Papoulis (1975) algorithm is also discussed. >
Carbol fuchsin as a stain for human chromosomes.

Cells derived from cultures of bone marrow or leucocytes were treated with hypotonic citrate solution, squashed in 45% acetic acid frozen with CO2 to allow removal of the cover glass without disturbing the smear, and stained by the following schedule: absolute alcohol, 5 min; coat with 0.2% parlodion and air dry; 70% alcohol, 5 min; distilled water, 5 min; stain 2-5 min in a mixture of 45 ml of a 0.3% solution of basic fuchsin in 5% phenol, 6 ml of glacial acetic acid, and 6 ml of 37% formaldehyde. Differentiate and dehydrate in absolute alcohol, clear in xylene and cover. The stain is durable for several weeks if slides are stored in darkness when not in use. Results resemble those obtained by Feulgen or aceto-orcein methods.
Transcriptional activation of the fra-1 gene by AP-1 is mediated by regulatory sequences in the first intron

Constitutive expression of c-Fos, FosB, Fra-1, or c-Jun in rat fibroblasts leads to up-regulation of the immediate-early gene fra-1. Using the posttranslational FosER induction system, we demonstrate that this AP-1-dependent stimulation of fra-1 expression is rapid, depends on a functional DNA-binding domain of FosER, and is a general phenomenon observed in different cell types. In vitro mutagenesis and functional analysis of the rat fra-1 gene in stably transfected Rat-1A-FosER fibroblasts indicated that basal and AP-1-regulated expression of the fra-1 gene depends on regulatory sequences in the first intron which comprise a consensus AP-1 site and two AP-1-like elements. We have also investigated the transactivating and transforming properties of the Fra-1 protein to address the significance of fra-1 up-regulation. The entire Fra-1 protein fused to the DNA-binding domain of Ga14 is shown to lack any transactivation function, and yet it possesses oncogenic potential, as overexpression of Fra-1 in established rat fibroblasts results in anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumor development in athymic mice, fra-1 is therefore not only induced by members of the Fos family, but its gene product may also contribute to cellular transformation by these proteins. Together, these data identify fra-1 as a unique member of the fos gene family which is under positive control by AP-1 activity.
Nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery to cancer stem cells

Abstract Recent developments in cancer biology have identified the existence of a sub-poplulation of cells – cancer stem cells (CSC) that are resistant to most traditional therapies (e.g. chemotherapy and radiotherapy) and have the ability to repair their damaged DNA. These findings have necessitated a break with traditional oncology management and encouraged new perspectives concerning cancer treatment. Understanding the functional biology of CSCs – especially the signaling pathways that are involved in their self-renewal mechanisms – is crucial for discovering new forms of treatment. In this review, we highlight current and future prospects for potential cancer therapies based on the use of nano-sized materials. Nanomaterials could revolutionize cancer management because of their distinctive features – unique surface chemistry, strong electronic, optic, and magnetic properties – that are found neither in bulk materials nor in single molecules. Based on these distinct properties, we believe that nanomaterials could be excellent candidates for use in CSC research in order to optimize cancer therapeutics. Moreover, we propose these nanomaterials for the inhibition of the self-renewal pathways of CSCs by focusing on the Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin self-renewal mechanisms. By introducing these methods for the detection, targeting, and destruction of CSCs, an efficient alternative treatment for the incurable disease of cancer could be provided.
A case of ductal carcinoma with squamous differentiation in malignant phyllodes tumor

Carcinoma derived from the lining epithelial cells in malignant phyllodes tumor is a rare neoplasm of the breast and belongs to the category of carcinosarcoma. We report a case of ductal carcinoma with squamous differentiation arising in malignant phyllodes tumor. A 54-year-old woman was admitted with a rapidly enlarging left breast mass. A breast tumor with a diameter of 6 cm was located mainly in the left outer area of the breast. Mammography revealed a high-density mass with an irregular margin and ultrasound showed a cystic tumor. A pathological diagnosis of ductal carcinoma with squamous differentiation was made by fine needle aspiration and a core needle biopsy. She underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by a modified radical mastectomy with a skin flap. Histopathological examination revealed that the invasive ductal carcinoma with squamous differentiation originated from the lining epithelial cells in malignant phyllodes tumor and that there was no transition area between the carcinomatous and the sarcomatous component. She experienced lung and facial bone metastases, microscopic features of which were consistent with the sarcomatous component of the original breast carcinosarcoma. This is an extremely rare case of carcinosarcoma and the histopathological findings and review of the literature are discussed.
The story of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer

disease. In this respect the publication by Catalona et al. [4] and preceding oral presentations gave crucial details. At the same time it became clear that case-finding studies conducted around the world would be unable to produce evidence that screening for prostate cancer is effective in decreasing prostate cancer mortality at an acceptable cost in terms of quality of life and money. An answer to this question seems to be possible only by conducting a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) of screening. At that time there were many uncertainties about the feasibility of such an undertaking. These related to randomization, acceptance of the screening tests, the value of the tests, follow-up and administrative procedures, and establishing co-operation with cancer registries, death registries and others. These considerations resulted in the design and conduct of two co-operative pilot studies in Belgium (1991–93) and in the Netherlands (1992–94) [5] which would have been impossible without a grant of the ‘Europe against Cancer’ programme of the European Community (90 CV0110, item B6470).