Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efecto quimioprotector de Bidens pilosa en el cáncer de mama inducido en ratas

Introduccion: Bidens pilosa L es una planta perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae, conocida en Peru como amor seco y cadillo. Se le atribuye efectos antiinflamatorio, diuretico y hepatoprotector. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto quimioprotector de los compuestos fenolicos y flavonoides extraidos de la planta entera de Bidens pilosa sobre el cancer de mama inducido en ratas con 7,12-dimetilbenz antraceno (DMBA). Proteccion medida en base a detencion del desarrollo de adenocarcinoma y disminucion de marcadores de estres oxidativo. Diseno: Experimental. Institucion: Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Material biologico: Planta entera de Bidens pilosa L recolectada en La Libertad, Peru, y ratas hembras Holtzmann. Intervenciones: Se obtuvo los compuestos fenolicos y flavonoides por cromatografia en columna rapida, con solventes de polaridad creciente. Mediante cromatografia en capa fina y reactivos de desplazamiento, se aislo cuatro compuestos fenolicos. Los tumores de mama fueron inducidos con DMBA administrado oralmente. Se formo cuatro grupos de seis ratas cada uno: grupo control, grupo con toxico inductor (TI) DMBA del cancer, grupos con TI mas tratamiento de extracto etanolico 300 mg/kg, y grupo con TI mas tratamiento de extracto metanolica 300 mg/kg. Principales medidas de resultados: Disminucion del desarrollo de adenocarcinoma mamario. Resultados: Se logro disminucion significativa del desarrollo de adenocarcinoma mamario con los tratamientos de extracto metanolico y etanolico, siendo mejor con la fraccion metanolica; el marcador de estres oxidativo disminuyo en los grupos que recibieron tratamiento con la planta, siendo significativo con la fraccion metanolica; hubo menor numero de micronucleos (genotoxicidad) en los animales que recibieron tratamiento. Conclusiones: En condiciones experimentales, el extracto y fraccion metanolica de Bidens pilosa detuvieron la progresion del cancer mamario inducido en ratas y disminuyeron el estres oxidativo.
Information Retrieval By Analysing Hyperlinks –Web Structure Mining

The World Wide Web is a fertile area for data mining research. From its very beginning, the potential of extracting valuable knowledge from the Web has been quite unmistakable. Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to extract knowledge from Web content, structure, and usage mining and this is the collection of technologies to fulfill this potential. This paper discusses about the techniques of web structure mining and various algorithms are discussed with examples. Web Structure Mining can be regarded as the process of discovering structure Information from the Web i.e. hyperlinks and document structure.
Antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infected adolescents in Uganda: Assessing the impact on growth and sexual maturation

Abstract There is a paucity of knowledge about perinatally infected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive children surviving into their adolescent years, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. Although studies have described the effects of the disease on the physical and sexual maturation of this population, their response to highly active antiretroviral therapy has not been systematically studied. At the pediatric infectious diseases clinic in Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda, we evaluated the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on 118 treatment-naive, perinatally-infected HIV positive adolescents between the ages of 10–19 for 12 months. We monitored physical growth using The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and recently published World Health Organization (WHO) reference growth standards for height and weight measurements as well as sexual maturation using Tanner staging. Laboratory tests including: complete blood count, absolute CD4 cell count and percentage, and HIV-1 RNA viral load, were performed at baseline and at 3-month intervals. Of 118 children, 64% were female; the median age was 13.6 years old. At baseline, 75% were classified as WHO clinical stages III and IV, with a median CD4 count of 124 cells/ul. Apart from four adolescents, all were on first-line antiretroviral therapy with 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. After 6 months, the median CD4 count was 304 cells/μL, increasing to 370 cells/μL, by 12 months. Antiretroviral therapy was virologically suppressive (HIV-1 RNA viral load <400 copies/mL) in 79% of the adolescents at 6 months and in 89% at 12 months. Six (5%) patients died during the 12-month study. The median baseline height for age Z score was −2.41 which improved to a median of −1.96 by 12 months (P < 0.0001). The median baseline weight for age Z score was −2.61 and improved to −1.26 by 12 months (P < 0.0001). The median body mass index Z score increased from −1.39 to −0.47 by 12 months (P < 0.0001). At baseline, 63% of the adolescents were noted to have delayed pubertal maturation; this only reduced slightly to 60% after 12 months. Adolescents with predominantly perinatally-acquired HIV infection and significant disease burden showed appropriate virologic and immunological response to ART in addition to having clinically significant improvements in growth and some improvement in sexual maturation.
Harbrace College Handbook

The Thirteenth Edition of the Harbrace is the result of an exhaustive market research effort to make a great handbook even better. Over 300 faculty members participated in reviews, surveys, focus groups, and telephone interviews. The result is the first significant revision to the Harbrace in its history. While remaining a grammar-first handbook, the Thirteenth Edition reflects a complete reorganization of chapters, new examples from contemporary writers, and a writing style that is more descriptive than prescriptive. The new Harbrace is easier to use and more accessible to students than ever.
Team-based learning for health professions education : a guide to using small groups for improving learning

Education in the health professions is placing greater emphasis on "active" learning-learning that requires applying knowledge to authentic problems; and that teaches students to engage in the kind of collaboration that is expected in today's clinical practice. Team-Based Learning (TBL) is a strategy that accomplishes these goals. It transforms passive, lecture-based coursework into an environment that promotes more self-directed learning and teamwork, and makes the classroom come "alive. " This book is an introduction to TBL for health profession educators. It outlines the theory, structure, and process of TBL, explains how TBL promotes problem solving and critical thinking skills, aligns with the goals of science and health courses, improves knowledge retention and application, and develops students as professional practitioners. It provides readers with models and guidance on everything they need to know about team formation and maintenance; peer feedback and evaluation processes, and facilitation; and includes a directory of tools and resources. The book includes chapters in which instructors describe how they apply TBL in their courses. The examples range across undergraduate science courses, basic and clinical sciences courses in medical, sports medicine and nursing education, residencies, and graduate nursing programs. The book concludes with a review and critique of the current scholarship on TBL in the health professions, and charts the needs for future research.
Implementing a hazard elimination analysis tool for SpecTRM-RL using backwards reachability

Proper specification can improve the safety of a software system. Hazard elimination analysis involves marking certain system states in a specification as "hazardous", searching for "critical states" which can lead to such hazards, and redesigning the system to avoid the hazardous states. "Backwards reachability" is a technique that can greatly reduce the number of operations required to perform this analysis. This project implements a hazard elimination analysis algorithm that directly operates on the data files of SpecTRM, a commercial specification environment. The algorithm derives total system states from the various components of a SpecTRM model and determines reachability between any two states. It then applies the Hazard Automaton Reduction Algorithm using backwards reachability to determine the critical states associated with any hazardous state in a given model. The implemented algorithm demonstrates that the technique is effective and efficient. Thesis Supervisor: Nancy G. Leveson Title: Professor
Distributed Context Processing for Intelligent Environments

This book is one of the early efforts in building a real-life Intelligent Environment. The author dreams that one day not only smart devices could communicate with each other but also smart houses through Context-Aware Computing (CAC) approach. CAC is a new approach in software engineering for Intelligent Environment. It is an approach in the design and construction of a context-aware application that exploits rapid changes in access to relevant information and the availability of communication and computing resources in the mobile computing environment. The goal of CAC is to make interaction between users and computers easier in a smart environment, where technology is spread throughout (pervasive), computers are everywhere at the same time (ubiquitous) and technology is embedded (ambient) to the environment. Context-aware applications need not be difficult, tedious or require the acquisition of new skills on the user part. They should be safe, easy, simple to use and should enable new functionality without the need to learn new technology. This book also proposes the evaluation of context-aware application to determine what to test, how to test and the appropriate metrics to use.
Physical activity in overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders

Objectives: Provide a comprehensive profile of physical activity in overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders (SZO/SA), and compare physical activity levels measured objectively with accelerometry in overweight and obese adults with SZO/SA with users of mental health services (NHANES 2003-2004). Design: Randomized clinical trial; Weight Assessment and Intervention in Schizophrenia Treatment (WAIST) Study: baseline data collected 2005-2008. Setting: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Participants: Community-dwelling adults diagnosed with SZO/SA, experiencing mild psychiatric symptoms (PANSS 27 kg/m2. Measurements: Self-reported physical activity questionnaire, objectively measured physical activity (accelerometry), and physical fitness. Results: Household activities were the primary source of activity (women 474, men 284 mins/wk, p<0.001). Walking for transportation or leisure was reported by 64% (n=163) of participants. Occupational activities were limited due to low employment rate (~15%). Other than household activities, no differences in subjective physical activity were noted by gender, race, or age groups. On average, 81%, 17%, and 2% of the participant’s monitoring time was classified as sedentary, light, and moderate-vigorous activity, respectively, using accelerometry. Total (mins/day and counts/min) and light activity (mins/day) but not moderate-vigorous activity (mins/day) were significantly greater in users of mental health services than adults with SZO/SA (p<0.01). Only 2 of 105 were classified as fit. No association was observed between objective and subjective physical activity and physical fitness. Subjective physical activity was associated with function and general health status but not psychiatric symptoms. Conclusion: Overweight and obese adults with SZO/SA were extremely sedentary; unfit; engaged in unstructured, intermittent, low-intensity physical activity; less active than users of mental health services. Physical activities were generally limited to walking for transportation or leisure, and household activities. Public Health Significance: These findings provide the first quantitative and comprehensive profile of physical activity in adults with SZO/SA. This extremely sedentary lifestyle is alarming, significantly lower than other inactive US populations, costly for the individual and community, and warrants immediate action. Interventions should focus on decreasing sedentary time in addition to promoting all aspects of physical activity in overweight and obese adults with SZO/SA.
Client empowerment: a nursing challenge.

: Client empowerment is an emerging, fashionable concept in healthcare today. There is, however, a lack of a clear conceptual definition because of the competing paradigms used to explain it. This article uses published literature and personal observation to explore how the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) can use both the psychological/micromodel and the political/macromodel in clinical practice. There also is opportunity for the CNS to conduct research regarding client empowerment as an effective nursing intervention. For client empowerment to occur, the CNS must lead the way into a radical redistribution of power between the client and the nurse.
Comparative Study of Electronic Government Infrastructure of Nepal with SAARC Nations

Electronic Government Infrastructure (EGI) is an essential part of e-Government Implementation System, which is used to disseminate various services to the citizens. Infrastructure is a necessary physical part of e-Government system. EGI is used for providing a mechanism to coordinate work activities in the public sector. E-infrastructure directly reflects to change the way Government function in terms of the organization of the government, its relationship with its citizens, institutions and businesses & cooperation with other organizations. Basically this paper looks existing infrastructure of e-Government system of Nepal, which play major role for the development and implementation of e-Government in Nepal, and also displays the result of infrastructure in the comparison of SAARC Nation’s e-Government infrastructure. This paper has also focused on existing infrastructure for the development and implementation of e-Government system. The research paper shows the comparative study of electronic government infrastructures of Nepal with SAARC Nations. Keywords—e-Infrastructure, e-Government, e-Government Master Plan, Comparison Factors, Index
NUTRITIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF DIABETES ON DIABETICS: CASE STUDY IN THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL - GHANA

This study sought to assess the role of diabetes on food intake and the psychological impact of living with diabetes among diabetics in the Tamale Teaching Hospital. A self structured questionnaire was administered among 97 sampled diabetic respondents at the diabetic clinic in the Tamale Teaching Hospital. The studies found out that diabetes does have a role to play on the food intake of diabetics in the Hospital. It was also found out that generally a healthy meal plan for the diabetic respondents is the same as a healthy diet for anyone. The outstanding difference in the food intake of the diabetics in the hospital was their no or limited intake of sugar which sometimes was substituted with honey. Mean individual dietary diversity score of 5.37 was obtained reflecting that the dietary diversity score for diabetics did not meet the optimum level (≥ 6). Male and Female diabetic respondents had mean FCS of 22.95 and 22.12 respectively which falls within the borderline food consumption category. On the psychological impact of diabetes, this studies found out that all diabetic respondents had the risk of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); about four out of every six diabetic respondents had 75% chance of being diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder as a result of living with diabetes while one out of every six diabetic repondents had the greatest chance (above 75%) of being diagnosed with PTSD.
Calculi for functional programming languages with assignment

Pure functional programming and imperative programming appear to be contradictory approaches to the design of programming languages. Pure functional programming insists that variables have unchanging bindings and that these bindings may be substituted freely for occurrences of the variables. Imperative programming, however, relies for its computational power on the alteration of variable bindings by the action of the program. One particular approach to merging the two design principles into the same programming language introduces a notion of assignable variable distinct from that of functionally bound variable. In this approach, functional programming languages are extended with new syntactic constructs denoting sequences of actions, including assignment to and reading from assignable variables. Swarup, Reddy and Ireland have proposed a typed lambda-calculus in this style as a foundation for programming-language design. Launchbury has proposed to extend strongly-typed purely functional programming in this style in such a way that assignments are carried out lazily. In this dissertation we extend and correct the work of Odersky, Rabin, and Hudak giving an untyped lambda-calculus as a formalism for designing functional programming languages having assignable variables. The extension encompasses two untyped calculi sharing a common core of syntactic constructs and rules corresponding to the similarities in all the typed proposals, and differing in ways that isolate the semantic differences between those proposals. We prove the consistency and suitability for implementation of the two calculi. We adapt a technique of Launchbury and Peyton Jones to provide a safe type system for the calculi we study, thus providing a correct replacement for systems, now known to be flawed, originally proposed by Swarup, Reddy, Ireland, Chen, and Odersky.
Introducing Students in Japanese Universities to EFL-Friendly, Web-based Language Learning : Challenges and Rewards.

The history of computer-aided language learning (CALL) can be traced back to the days before the personal computer was available (Levy 1997). The pioneers developed programmes such as PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations) on mainframe computers. In the 1970s and 80s, with the advent of the personal computer, language teachers began to develop their own software, creating programmes such as Storyboard in which the technology was subservient to the teaching methodologies of the time. This was a period when the computer was considered as a "teacher in a box" or, what Levy calls a "tutor" in its own right. Software developers tried to build into the programme the aims and objectives of the language teacher as well as instructions, feedback and help so that students could use the programme for autonomous learning in a self-access center or at home. However, even with these programmes it was soon recognized that there was still a need for teacher guidance if the lessons were to have any depth and in order to develop communicative competence. Then, in the 80s and 90s the history of CALL entered its third phase with the arrival of the Internet. A host of new resources and possible methods were now available for communicative projects, in particular e-mail applications and web-based taskf. Since the nineties, as the possible
Availability Analysis Of A Bleaching System and Bread Manufacturing Plant Using Matlab

In the manuscript, we calculate transient state availability of a bleaching system using MATLAB. The same system, we discuss applying matrix method [1]. The matrix method involves matrix multiplication. To make the method more friendly and practical we use MATLAB for matrix multiplication which is essentially involved in matrix method. The results of the two methods match completely. Dr Jai Singh et. al. [2] applies c++ to calculate availability of a complex system bread manufacturing plant which involves twenty four differential difference equations. For repeated multiplication of matrices in this method we use MATLAB. We observe that MATLAB gives more accuracy than multiplication by c++, as higher order multiple multiplication in MATLAB is more practical in comparison to c++.
Factors influencing tourist expenditure by tourism typologies: a systematic review

ABSTRACT There is abundant scientific literature on tourist expenditure and the factors which determine spending. The purpose of this paper is to systematize, present and analyze the results obtained from a comprehensive review of scientific literature on the variables that affect tourist expenditure for different tourism typologies. It has been possible to discover which factors influence expenditure in the different types of destination, which is of enormous interest for two reasons. Firstly, research opportunities have been identified with respect to the variables and types which have not been closely studied. Secondly, this research will facilitate decisions by policymakers and destination managers, providing information about the factors which generate greater spending and which are those that they should act to strengthen.
Een adaptieve modificatie van de SAS-routine NPARIWAY

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
MELD/ Features: An Object-Oriented Approach to Reusable Software

CUCS-226-86 This technical report consists of three related papers in the area of reusable software. Synthesis of Programming Environments from Reusable Building Blocks presents the notion of 'features' as an approach to reusable descriptions for the generation of programming environments. Composing SofMare Systems from Reusable Building Blocks presents NIELD, a declarative language based on features. and generalizes features to the description of reusable software for general applications. MELD: A Declarative Language for Writing Methods focuses on ~1ELD's capabilities for describing the behavior of software systems. Part of this research was conducted while Dr. Kaiser was a Visiting Computer Scientist at the Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. ·Mr. Garlan is supported in part by the United States Army, Software Technology Development Division of CECOM COM~v1JADP. Fort Monmouth, NJ and in part by ZTI-SOF of Siemens Corporation, Munich, Germany. Mr. Garlan's address is Department of Computer Science. Carnegie-Mellon University, Schenley Park. Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
Strategies for Parallel Ant Colony Optimization on Graphics Processing Units

Ant colony algorithms are known to have a significant ability of finding high-quality solutions in a reasonable time [2]. However, the computational time of these methods is seriously compromised when the current instance of the problem has a high dimension and/or is hard to solve. In this line, a significant amount of research has been done in order to reduce computation time and improve the solution quality of ACO algorithms by using parallel computing. Due to the independence of the artificial ants, which are guided by an indirect communication via their environment (pheromone trail and heuristic information), ACO algorithms are naturally suitable for parallel implementation.