Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Intergenerational Transmission of Risk and Trust Attitudes

Recent theories endogenize the attitude endowments of individuals, assuming that they are shaped by the attitudes of parents and other role models. This paper tests empirically for the relevance of three aspects of the attitude transmission process highlighted in this theoretical literature: (1) transmission of attitudes from parents to children; (2) an impact of prevailing attitudes in the local environment on child attitudes; and (3) positive assortative mating of parents, which enhances the ability of a parent to pass on his or her attitudes to the child. We focus on two fundamentally important attitudes, willingness to take risks and willingness to trust others. We find empirical support for all three aspects, providing an empirical underpinning for the literature. An investigation of underlying mechanisms shows that socialization is important in the transmission process. Various parental characteristics and aspects of family structure are found to strengthen the socialization process, with implications for modeling the socialization production function and for policies focused on affecting children’s non-cognitive skills. The paper also provides evidence that the transmission of risk and trust attitudes affects a wide variety of child outcomes, implying a potentially large total effect on children’s economic situation.
Nonalgorithmicity and algorithmicity of protein science

The metaphysical features of the mechanism for the integration of the information underlying protein folding were studied by applying principles of system logic theory. We conclude that it is not possible to predict all protein three-dimensional structures from protein sequences by one program only. This conclusion is validated in structural genomics in that we also cannot predict protein function from three-dimensional structure by one program only. Our theory also demonstrates that bioinformation flow from gene to biological function is an integration process, rather than an expression (translation) process. A system relationship between a gene and its biological function is also proposed. This electronic document is a “live” template.
The creative process : a symposium

This unique anthology brings together material from 38 well-known writers, artists, and scientists who attempt to describe the process by which original ideas come to them. Contributors include Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Amy Lowell, Rudyard Kipling, Max Ernst, Katherine Anne Porter, Henry Miller, Carl Gustav Jung, Mary Wigman, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Henri Poincare and many others.
Satellite Image Based Classification Mapping For Spatially Analyzing West Virginia Corridor H Urban Development

Using Remote Sensing Techniques to Track and Analyze Urban Development Along ADHS Corridor H in West Virginia By Chandra L. Inglis-Smith The study area for this project is Corridor H, a designated Appalachian Development Highway located in Lewis, Upshur, Barbour Counties which are part of the Appalachian Plateau Province, and Randolph, Tucker, Grant and Hardy Counties which are Part of the Ridge and Valley Province in West Virginia. The region has a long history of occupation and a traditional economic structure consisting of mainly agriculture, timbering and coal mining. The final objective of the study was to perform change detection, using two Landsat datasets obtained from the USGS of the study area from 1987 and 2005 to determine if economic development, via change to cropland/ pasture and Urban Built Up Areas, could be measured and detected along Corridor H by using remote sensing techniques. Geometric Registration, Principal Component Analysis, Radiometric Normalization, Accuracy Analysis, Unsupervised Classification, and Spatial Analysis logical operators were utilized in IDRISI, ERMapper, and ESRI to complete the study. The total land change for the study area for Urban was 1.4% of the total 2,573,351 acres and 4.9% for change in Cropland/Pasture. More significantly there is a 2.7 %increase in Urban development within a 1-mile buffer around the length of Corridor H in the study area. When a buffer was placed 1-mile around Corridor H from Weston to Elkins the percentage of change increased to 4.5% for Urban areas and 7.5% for Cropland/Pasture. These results indicate economic change is occurring already along Corridor H before its completion. The development of this data will provide a baseline on which to base future studies of the area for tracking the expected economic growth of the region, and for Appalachian corridor highway systems in general. This data should be used with more traditional methods of economic impact and growth reporting and measurement, to focus these studies, and supply spatial relevance to changes in rural Appalachia.
The effects of ethanol on bidirectional synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus

Supervisory Committee Dr. Brian Christie (Division of Medical Sciences/Department of Biology) Supervisor Dr. Kerry Delaney (Department of Biology) Departmental Member Dr. Raad Nashmi (Department of Biology) Departmental Member The effects of ethanol on the brain are far reaching. However, the effect of ethanol on synaptic plasticity has not yet been fully explored. Although it has been established that ethanol inhibits long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 of the hippocampus, before our study, it was unclear whether long-term depression (LTD) was attenuated or enhanced by ethanol. We found that different concentrations of ethanol attenuated LTD in the CA1 (CA1-LTD) at younger ages. At more mature ages, CA1-LTD was completely blocked by ethanol. In contrast to this, LTD in the dentate gyrus (DG-LTD) was not significantly affected by ethanol concentrations up to 100 mM at any age group tested. These results suggest there are mechanistic differences in LTD induction in the DG and CA1, using the same induction protocol and that CA1-LTD is ethanol sensitive but DG-LTD is not.
PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACTS OF HEAT WAVES: A REVIEW

ABSTRACT Background: The average rate of global temperature doubled from 0.07°C (0.13°F) to 0.17°C (0.31°F) per decade since 1970, which has contributed to the increased frequency and intensity of heat waves. Heat waves has gained more international concern and interest as a growing issue due to its various impacts. Of particular interest is the public health impacts involving morbidity, mortality, and burden of diseases related to heat waves. Materials and Methods: Articles were chosen by using a systematic search via three electronic database, namely PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect coupled with a combination of keywords namely “climate change” OR “global warming” OR “heat waves” OR “extreme heat” OR “temperature rise” AND “public health” OR “population health” OR “community health”. Other inclusion criteria included full accessible, original studies in English language, and published in a peer-reviewed journals from 1 January 2010 to 30 September 2017. Result and Discussion: A total of seventeen heat related articles were eligible with six articles each on morbidity and mortality respectively while remaining five additional articles discussed were mainly on the burden of diseases related to heat waves. It was found that heat waves were associated with increased morbidity related hospitalisation and mortality due to exacerbation of existing medical conditions. However, as heat wave related mortality very much depended on the event location, timing and past experiences, morbidity was suggested as a more sensitive index in assessing the population health impacts. Interestingly, despite the hospitalisation due to heat wave related illness being relatively short with lower total charges, there was still high disparity and greater burden of cost especially among the marginalised group, with mean cost exceeding over USD1000 per hospitalization. This subsequently led to productivity loss as calculated by the disability-adjusted life years (DALY), which was 1.82 per 1000 population due to heat waves. Conclusion: A public health concern was highlighted in relation to heat wave incidences. It remains crucial to identify the public health impacts of heat waves in order to find more comprehensive public health actions in planning and preparedness for future events. Keywords: Heat waves, climate change, temperature rise, public/community health
TYPOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FIRMS FOR MANAGEMENT BEST PRACTICES MONITORING (CASE OF RUSSIAN DOMESTIC ENERGY SECTOR)

The notion that certain management practices at all levels create substantial competitive advantages for the company in the market received a lot of attention in the academic community over the years. A large body of work was accumulated as a result, though it appears that a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between management practices and firm performance is still lacking. This study is a part of a larger project aiming at closing this gap. The objective of this study was to create a typology of companies based on efficiency, using a number of objective criteria obtained from publicly available information.
A SLOW LIGHT FISHNET-LIKE ABSORBER IN THE MILLIMETER-WAVE RANGE

A novel route to achieve a narrowband free-space electromagnetic absorber in any range of the spectrum based on stacked subwavelength hole arrays is proposed. The absorption is obtained by means of a slow light mode inside a flshnet-like engineered structure and exploiting the unavoidable misalignments and bucklings of the free-standing stack. An incoming pulse becomes permanently trapped in the structure due to the near zero group velocity which causes an enhancement of the radiation-structure interaction that leads to a huge increment of losses arising from the flnite conductivity of the metal as well as arrangement tolerances. This approach is studied not only by simulation but also experimentally under normal incidence at millimeter wavelengths. Moreover, a basic grasp about the angular dependence of the structure is given by analyzing the 2D dispersion diagram. It shows that this scheme may also display high absorption under oblique incidence for s-polarization (or TE-polarization), whereas p-polarization (TM-polarization) would degrade its performance.
Research progress of functional lactic acid bacteria

Xuejun LIU , Mengmeng Wang, Chang Zhu, Mengxing Gouand Xiaohui Yan College of Food Science and Engineering,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin,130118,China Jilin Business and Technology College, Changchun, Jilin,130507,China Jilin Engineering Vocational College, Food Engineering Branch,Siping, Jilin,136000, China liuxuejun63@163.com, 296815486@qq.com, 14170567@qq.com,122545310@qq.com,1079128608@qq.com
Flexible Manufacturing Networks and the Welfare of Workers

A variety of governmental and non-governmental economic-development agencies are promoting flexible manufacturing networks (FMNs) as a strategy to increase the competitiveness of manufacturing industries in the United States. This form of industrial organization comprises small and medium-sized enterprises who cooperate with one another in informal and fluid production networks to quickly respond to changing market opportunities. The assumption behind these efforts is that networks can help industries and regions embark on a high road to development in which they would compete by increasing quality and innovation rather than by cutting costs and lowering wages. Proponents thus tend to equate the increased competitiveness resulting from network formation with the retention and improvement of jobs. Others argue that such an assumption is a leap of faith, based on a false association of a particular form of industrial organization with a particular type of industrial relations. They also contend that flexible production systems can be combined with any number of arrangements governing industrial relations, some that benefit workers and some that hurt them. Clearer analysis on this issue is crucial, and this working paper reviews the theoretical and empirical bases of these assumptions and specifically addresses the distributive impacts of FMNs.
Assessment of Seagrass Plant Demography Within and Among Beds of Turtle Grass (Thalassia testudinum), Manatee Grass (Syringodium filiforme), and Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) From the Northern Gulf of Mexico

Variability in the demographic patterns of seagt·asses may affect a variety of physical and biological processes in aquatic communities. We investigated seasonal seagt·ass demogt·aphy, sediment size structure, and sediment organic carbon from two sites (north and south) in St. Joseph Bay, Florida, for Thalassia teshtdinum, Syringodium filiforme, and Halodule wriglztii. Geologically, sands dominated both sites, but the south site had significantly greater proportions of fine and very fine sands, whereas the north site was dominated by coarse and medium sands, Within each site, demogt·aphic parameters were assessed for edge (<1 m) and interior portions (> 10 m) of grass beds, The objective was to quantify within-habitat de mogt·aphic characteristics and assess whether differences in plant biomass and shoot density existed between edge and interior portions. Results for T. teshtdinum showed significantly greater shoot density (P < 0.05) and plant biomass (P < 0.001) from interior portions of the bed than from the edge for the north site, but there were no significant differences for the south site. Syringodium filiforme showed significantly gt·eater shoot density from bed interiors than from edges for both the north and south sites (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, respectively) as well as plant biomass (P < 0.0001, P < 0.01, respectively). Halodule wriglztii showed a similar response, with greater shoot densities from the north interior (P < 0.008) and significantly greater plant biomass from interior portions of beds for both the north and south sites (P < 0.003, P < 0.01, respectively). Within-bay compar isons showed that plant biomass and shoot density were generally greater from the north site than from the south site for T. teshtdinum and H. wriglztii, but the reverse was true for S. filiforme. Although sands dominated both sites, the south site showed greater percentages of finer sediments, and S. filifomze biomass has been shown to be inversely related to sediment size. Although we were unable to resolve within-habitat differences in sediment size structure, which may suggest sediment baflling and water velocity changes, we surmise that physical and sedi mentary differences exist between edge and interior portions of seagrass beds. These differences may have dramatic effects on processes such as larval settle ment, predator-prey interactions, and per unit area primary production. As such, further investigations into within-habitat variability and edge effects in plant de mography and associated biological and physical processes are needed.
Developing a dynamic library loader for SODIUM, an educational operating system

The development of a dynamic program loader allows the processes to execute shared library functions across different memory segments. This research incorporates the use of shared memory, and the ability to link and invoke dynamic libraries into SODIUM, and educational operating system. Through the analysis of the Executable and Linking Format (ELF) generated by the GCC compiler, we were able to perform a runtime exchange of memory administrators, while showing the way that the shared memory is assigned, even with data segments, such as re-entering code. To this end, we made amendments to the implementation of a dynamic library for segmentation mode, also defining the changes for paging mode. These changes were made through adaptations to the memory loader of SODIUM, to allow it to recognize the ELF format in order to use for memory address assignment.
Developing a Conceptual Framework for Considering the Complexities of Professional Learning and Development in the Secondary School Context

This paper discusses the development of a conceptual framework for scoping, provisioning and reporting the complexities of in-service Professional Learning and Development (PLD) in the New Zealand secondary school sector with a focus on middle leaders. Government-funded PLD in the New Zealand context is a research and evidence-based service provided to schools in response to high-level government policy. These PLD contracts aim to address inequalities for young people by enhancing the quality and effectiveness of leadership and teaching practices which result in increased student achievement, especially for priority students and those from minority backgrounds. The rationale for developing a conceptual framework for understanding government-funded, externally provided professional learning and development will be discussed. Recommendations for policy makers and researchers on the complex ways research evidence and policy come together in the delivery of in-service PLD for leaders and teachers in schools will be highlighted and opportunities for improvement examined.
Stable discretization of scalar and constrained vectorial

We survey recent results on analysis and numerics of the scalar Perona–Malik equation. A vectorial Perona–Malik equation is introduced to evolve unit vector fields for directional diffusion. For both cases, scalar and vectorial, fully discrete schemes are proposed which fulfill a discrete energy law, and satisfy a discrete sphere constraint in the vectorial case. Computational experiments are provided to illustrate quantitative behaviors, and compare with scalar total variation flow and heat flow of pharmonic maps.
Who Did Safety Nets Catch During the Great Recession and How? A Comparison of Eleven OECD Countries

This paper compares the amount of income protection eleven OECD countries provided over the Great Recession. Using household-level data, I calculate the recession’s impact on earned income across the income distribution among the non-elderly populations, and investigate the degree to which additional government transfers compensated for these income losses. While the recession’s impact on earned income varied significantly both across and within countries, in most countries additional government transfers offset steep income declines, and reversed increases in income inequality. Overall I fail to find that the size or distributional features of nations’ responses were correlated with welfare regime type nor prior amount spent on social policies. Taking the recession’s impact into account, both large and small welfare regimes had different mixes of policies; however I find similarity in the extent to which they cushioned citizens from declines in market income. A failure to find evidence that responses were shaped by welfare regime type, but rather by the recession’s impact, lends support to arguments that the conditions of an economic crisis constrain the usual conduct of politics.
Illegal Logging and Local Democracy

Abstract The paper considers two major views of illegal logging: “communitarian” and “legalistic. ” The former emphasizes the positive role of local communities and sees law enforcement programs as, at least potentially, counterproductive to environmental policy. While this perception fails to take the rule of law seriously, it shows the importance of local arrangements for sustainable use of forests. On the other hand, there is a view of deforestation that defines it only in juridical terms as ‘illegal logging,’ without taking into account the variety and complexity of social problems at the local level. The paper reviews some of the ways social sciences help us to overcome the limitations of both views. However, it also points at an issue that has not been sufficiently addressed by social disciplines: the question of local democracy. While most observers agree on the need for democratic institutions at the local level, the social conditions that make those institutions possible demand further study. This is a challenge for social sciences, due to the growing complexity of rural societies—a complexity that includes inter alia conflicts between owners and non-owners of natural resources, as well as the presence of ‘external’ social actors such as NGOs.
A Small Survey on Java Specification Languages

This work is motivated by the final goal to formalize design patterns and design principles. A step towards this goal was to survey state-of-the-art Java specification languages. In a specification language one can describe properties of a program. The specification can involve some related runtime states. Some specification languages can specify properties about only a single state, others about a pair of states, but the most general ones are designed to speak about sequences of states. The specification can involve also constraints on the structure of the program. Some specification languages can speak about only the static structure of the source code, others also about the dynamic structure of runtime data. All languages have some tools to check the specifications, either statically or dynamically. We classify the Java specification languages and their tools along these dimensions, i.e., the number of related runtime states in the specification, the way to access program structure in the specification, and the way to verify the specifications. We found that most of the specification languages cannot directly query the structure of the program, but they can use reflection to do this. We give an example how to use reflection to specify that a class is semi-final, i.e., we c an inherit a new class from it but this class may not have public methods. This means that the interface of the classes in the hierarchy is finalized. This property supports the “program to an interface, not an implementation” design principle.
‘There Aren’t Words for What We Do or How We Feel So We Have To Make Them Up’: Constructing Polyamorous Languages in a Culture of Compulsory Monogamy

Polyamory is an emerging sexual story that troubles mononormativity: the dominant discourse of monogamy which is reproduced and perpetuated in everyday conversation and saturates mainstream media depictions. Through an analysis of online discussions, websites and self-help books, this article explores the ways in which members of polyamorous communities construct their identities through language. We argue that the potentials of polyamory are, to some extent, constrained by the conventional mononormative language of partnerships, infidelities and jealousy. However, alternative languages are emerging which offer new discursive possibilities for the development of polyamorous identities, relationships and emotions.