Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in High-Risk Pediatric Populations

ON JULY 7, 2006, the American Academy of Pediatrics endorsed the following publication: Kavey REW, Allada V, Daniels SR, et al. Cardiovascular risk reduction in high-risk pediatric populations: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science; the Councils on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Epidemiology and Prevention, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, High Blood Pressure Research, Cardiovascular Nursing, and the Kidney in Heart Disease; and the Interdisciplinary Working Group on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research—endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation. 2006;114:2710–2738. Available at: http://circ.ahajournals. org/cgi/reprint/CIRCULATIONAHA.106. 179568v1.pdf
Fuzzy Aspect Based Opinion Classification System for Mining Tourist Reviews

Due to the large amount of opinions available on the websites, tourists are often overwhelmed with information and find it extremely difficult to use the available information to make a decision about the tourist places to visit. A number of opinion mining methods have been proposed in the past to identify and classify an opinion into positive or negative. Recently, aspect based opinion mining has been introduced which targets the various aspects present in the opinion text. A number of existing aspect based opinion classification methods are available in the literature but very limited research work has targeted the automatic aspect identification and extraction of implicit, infrequent, and coreferential aspects. Aspect based classification suffers from the presence of irrelevant sentences in a typical user review. Such sentences make the data noisy and degrade the classification accuracy of the machine learning algorithms. This paper presents a fuzzy aspect based opinion classification system which efficiently extracts aspects from user opinions and perform near to accurate classification. We conducted experiments on real world datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed system. Experimental results prove that the proposed system not only is effective in aspect extraction but also improves the classification accuracy.
Rab1 Interaction with a GM130 Effector Complex Regulates COPII Vesicle cis‐Golgi Tethering

Members of the Rab family of small molecular weight GTPases regulate the fusion of transport intermediates to target membranes along the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways. We recently demonstrated that Rab1 recruitment of the tethering factor p115 into a cis‐SNARE complex programs coat protein II vesicles budding from the endoplasmic reticulum (donor compartment) for fusion with the Golgi apparatus (acceptor compartment) (Allan BB, Moyer BD, Balch WE. Science 2000; 289: 444–448). However, the molecular mechanism(s) of Rab regulation of Golgi acceptor compartment function in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the cis‐Golgi tethering protein GM130, complexed with GRASP65 and other proteins, forms a novel Rab1 effector complex that interacts with activated Rab1‐GTP in a p115‐independent manner and is required for coat protein II vesicle targeting/fusion with the cis‐Golgi. We propose a ‘homing hypothesis’ in which the same Rab interacts with distinct tethering factors at donor and acceptor membranes to program heterotypic membrane fusion events between transport intermediates and their target compartments.
Perceptual enhancement of CELP speech coders

The dominant technique in present day low bit rate speech coders is based on the use of voice production models in which vocal tract filters are excited by vectors chosen from fixed and adaptive codebooks. It has long been recognized that to improve the perceptual quality of such coders it is necessary to also allow for the psychoacoustic properties of the human ear. The weighting filter traditionally used for this purpose is sub-optimal as it doesn't explicitly evaluate auditory characteristics. In this paper we replace the weighting filter with an auditory model which enables the search for the optimum stochastic code vector in the psychoacoustic domain. The algorithm, which has been termed PERCELP (for perceptually enhanced random codebook excited linear prediction), produces speech that is of considerably better quality than obtained with a weighting filter. The computational overhead is low enough to warrant the use of this approach in new speech coders. <<ETX>>
On Analysis and Effectiveness of Signature Based in Detecting Metamorphic Virus

Computer viruses and other forms of malware have viewed as a threat to any software system. They have the capability to deliver a malicious infection. A common technique that virus writers use to avoid detection is to enable the virus to change itself by having some kind of selfmodifying code. This kind of virus is commonly known as a metamorphic virus, and can be particularly difficult to detect. Metamorphic viruses have a potential to avoid any signaturebased detection schemes by implementing code obfuscation techniques in an effort to defeat it. In metamorphic virus, if dead code is added and the control flow is changed sufficiently by inserting jump statements, the virus cannot be detected. In this paper we first developed a code obfuscation engine. We then used this engine to create metamorphic variants of a seed virus and performed the validity of the statement about metamorphic viruses and signature based detectors. Last but not least, we have propose a profile which enclose the information about the existing metamorphic viruses infection.
Vulnerability , Exploit Common Vulnerability and Exploits

Prefaces Software security relates to designing and developing software such that they cannot break in case of any intentional or accidental attack. Security is primary concern for software development projects since their inception. Breaking a software does not necessarily equates “hacking” it, rather it is a phenomenon of exploiting any vulnerabilities in design or implementation of software. An attacker can exploit there vulnerabilities to break into a software and compromises its functionality or gain unauthorized access to the system. To develop better understanding of how a system breaks and what can be possible ways of exploring and exploiting any vulnerabilities in a system, first we need to understand some common terminologies.
[Effect of counselling school teachers on healthy lifestyle on the impact of a program to reduce childhood obesity].

BACKGROUND In 2007, a preventive strategy for childhood obesity, that included food education and an increase in physical activity, was implemented in seven public schools located in Santiago. In four of these schools, a counseling program about healthy lifestyles for teachers was also carried out. AIM To test if counseling had an effect in the intervention for children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometric measures were assessed in children at baseline and after two years of intervention. Teachers were also evaluated with anthropometry and a blood sample was obtained to measure blood glucose and serum lipids. RESULTS Four hundred twelve children from schools whose teachers had counseling and 237 children from schools whose teachers did not have it were evaluated. Twenty-eight teachers with and 19 with no counseling were assessed. In children, the overall prevalence of obesity decreased from 20.2 to 18.3% (p = 0.03). This reduction was only significant among females. BMIZ score decreased significantly in children of both genders. No effect of counseling was observed on weight reduction. Among teachers that received counseling, the prevalence of obesity decreased from 25 to 22.4%, with significant improvements in blood glucose and HDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS Counseling directed at teachers did not improve the effect of a program to reduce obesity among schoolchildren.
Vitamin D insufficiency and insulin resistance in obese adolescents

Obese adolescents represent a particularly vulnerable group for vitamin D deficiency which appears to have negative consequences on insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. Poor vitamin D status is also associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the obese. The biological mechanisms by which vitamin D influences glycemic control in obesity are not well understood, but are thought to involve enhancement of peripheral/hepatic uptake of glucose, attenuation of inflammation and/or regulation of insulin synthesis/secretion by pancreatic β cells. Related to the latter, recent data suggest that the active form of vitamin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, does not impact insulin release in healthy pancreatic islets; instead they require an environmental stressor such as inflammation or vitamin D deficiency to see an effect. To date, a number of observational studies exploring the relationship between the vitamin D status of obese adolescents and markers of glucose homeostasis have been published. Most, although not all, show significant associations between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamn D concentrations and insulin sensitivity/resistance indices. In interpreting the collective findings of these reports, significant considerations surface including the effects of pubertal status, vitamin D status, influence of parathyroid hormone status and the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The few published clinical trials using vitamin D supplementation to improve insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in obese adolescents have yielded beneficial effects. However, there is a need for more randomized controlled trials. Future investigations should involve larger sample sizes of obese adolescents with documented vitamin D deficiency, and careful selection of the dose, dosing regimen and achievement of target 25-hydroxyvitamn D serum concentrations. These trials should also include clamp-derived measures of in vivo sensitivity and β-cell function to more fully characterize the effects of vitamin D replenishment on insulin resistance.
Clinical significance of Skp 2 expression , alone and combined with Jab 1 and p 27 in epithelial ovarian tumors

We have previously demonstrated the inverse correlation of Jab1 and p27 proteins, as well as prognostic significance in epithelial ovarian carcinomas. In order to investigate Skp2 protein and its correlation with Jab1, p27, and clinical outcome, we evaluated Skp2 expression in a group of epithelial ovarian tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 80 cases of ovarian tumors (33 benign and 47 malignant), and 26 of the 80 cases were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence was carried out in the human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line OVCAR-3. Skp2 expression was detected in 53.2% of malignant tumors and 18.2% of benign tumors. The positive ratio of Skp2 expression was increased from benign to malignant ovarian tumors (p=0.002). A negative correlation between Skp2 and p27 was found in benign and malignant ovarian tumors (p=0.006 and p<0.0001, respectively). Skp2 expression was significantly associated with high tumor grade (p=0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.01), and residual disease (p=0.012). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that Skp2 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (p=0.013), and patients with Skp2(+)/ Jab1(+)p27(-) expression had the worst prognosis among all phenotypes of Skp2/Jab1/p27 expression (p=0.0007). Our results suggest that Skp2 expression was significantly associated with malignancy, and the Skp2 protein level may be a valuable prognostic factor for epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Furthermore, the combined evaluation of Skp2/Jab1/p27 proteins provides important prognostic information on patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography: a systematic review of feasibility and impact on diagnosis, management and outcome after cardiac surgery

Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography are increasingly used as tools to improve clinical assessment following cardiac surgery. However, most physicians are not trained in echocardiography, and there is no widespread agreement on the feasibility, indications or effect on outcome of transthoracic or transoesophageal echocardiography for patients after cardiac surgery. We performed a systematic review of electronic databases for focused transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography after cardiac surgery which revealed 15 full‐text articles. They consistently reported that echocardiography is feasible, whether performed by a novice or expert, and frequently resulted in important changes in diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities and their management. However, most were observational studies and there were no well‐designed trials investigating the impact of echocardiography on outcome. We conclude that both transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography are useful following cardiac surgery.
Do type and duration of antiretroviral therapy attenuate liver fibrosis in HIV-hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients?

BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine whether type and duration of therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection attenuates liver fibrosis in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection. METHODS Patients with HCV monoinfection (group 1) and HIV-HCV coinfection were retrospectively selected; the latter patients were classified into the following 3 groups: group 2, patients who received no therapy or only nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs); group 3, those who received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); and group 4, those who initially received NRTIs followed by HAART. Fibrosis stage (scale, 0-6) and necroinflammatory score (scale, 0-18) were assessed according to the Ishak system. Data are presented as mean +/- standard deviation. RESULTS Three hundred eighty-one patients (296 HCV-monoinfected patients and 85 HIV-HCV-coinfected patients) were recruited. The durations of HIV therapy before liver biopsy was performed for groups 2, 3, and 4 were 3.8 +/- 2.8, 3.3 +/- 1.8, and 6.6 +/- 2.2 years. The time from HIV diagnosis to HAART initiation was shorter for group 3 than for group 4 (9.1 +/- 7.3 vs. 34.1 +/- 13.1 months; P < .0001). Groups 1 and 3 had similar fibrosis stages (3.1 +/- 2 vs. 3.4 +/- 2.4), rates of fibrosis progression (0.13 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.16 +/- 0.11 per year), and necroinflammatory scores (6.1 +/- 1.8 vs. 6.1 +/- 2.0). Groups 2 and 4 had significantly more-advanced liver disease, as determined by fibrosis stage (4.6 +/- 1.8 vs. 4.3 +/- 2.0; P < .0009), rate of fibrosis progression (0.24 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.20 +/- 0.10 per year; P < .0001), and prevalence of cirrhosis (68% vs. 55%; P < .006), compared with group 1. CONCLUSIONS HIC-HCV-coinfected subjects who receive HAART as their sole form of therapy have liver histology findings comparable to those for HCV-monoinfected patients. A similar degree of benefit is not observed for HIV-HCV-coinfected patients who receive no therapy, NRTIs, or HAART after NRTIs, despite having a longer duration of therapy.
A SPAD-based pixel linear array for high-speed time-gated fluorescence lifetime imaging

A monolithic 64-pixel linear array for Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging applications is presented. Each pixel includes four actively quenched Single Photon Avalanche Diodes, four gated 8-bit counters and is capable of measuring single and double exponential decays. The array has a 34% fill factor, a maximum throughput rate of 320 Mbps, and has been tested up to 40 MHz laser repetition rate. Preliminary fluorescence measurements have been performed obtaining a 6% lifetime precision in 660 µs accumulation time and a very good uniformity among the pixels.
Hybrid Graphene-Microfiber Waveguide for Chemical Gas Sensing

Graphene has been attracting great interest as the basis of novel photonic devices and sensors due to its many unique optical and electric properties that are quite different from conventional film materials. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel hybrid graphene-microfiber waveguide structure and its application to chemical gas sensing for the first time to our knowledge. As the complex refractive index of the extremely thin graphene film (<;1 nm) can be easily modified by chemical gas molecules distributing on its surface, the transverse electric mode surface wave intensity is sensitive to gas concentration. Such an intensity modulation induced by gas molecules can be detected via the coupling of evanescent field between the graphene waveguide and the microfiber. A sensitivity of 0.31 dB/100 ppm and good reversibility are observed experimentally for acetone vapor gas sensing. It is believed that this hybrid waveguide structure could open a new window to realize a variety of graphene-based photonic sensors, for potential applications in the fields of biology, medicine, and chemistry.
Endocrine manifestations of neurofibromatosis in children.

Endocrine manifestations of neurofibromatosis have been reported in five children, and the literature has been reviewed. Children often show disorders of sexual development and growth, while pheochromocytoma is the commonest endocrine association in adults. Precocious sex development was noted in three children. Two other girls presented with marked retardation of growth. One of them had retarded sex development in association with anorexia nervosa. It has been emphasized that such manifestations may frequently be the presenting features of neurofibromatosis in children.
Effect of pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of neuropathic foot ulcers in children with spina bifida: a randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE This study assessed the effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatment of neuropathic foot ulcers in children with spina bifida. BACKGROUND DATA Children with spina bifida face increased risk for developing neuropathic foot ulcers. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial, 39 children and adolescents (ages 6-15 years) with spina bifida and stage III neuropathic foot ulcers were randomly assigned to the laser group or the placebo laser group. The former received pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatments (i.e., total energy of 300-350 J during three sessions/week) plus standard wound care, and the latter received sham laser treatments plus standard wound care. Wound size and wound appearance were assessed for all patients at the beginning of the treatment, after 5 weeks, and after 10 weeks. RESULTS The decrease in wound surface area at 5 and 10 weeks post- treatment was significantly greater in the laser group (i.e., 2.44 ± 0.33 and 0.29 ± 0.25 cm(2), respectively) than in the placebo group (i.e., 3.81 ± 0.18 and 3.24 ± 0.44 cm(2), respectively). Also, the decrease in the total score for the Pressure Sore Status Tool (PSST) at 5 and 10 weeks post-treatment was significantly different for the laser group (i.e., 32.76 ± 2.30 and 17.52 ± 1.66, respectively) than for the placebo group (i.e., 46.50 ± 2.12 and 38.11 ± 3.17, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with pulsed neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser combined with standard wound care decreases wound size and improves wound appearance for stage III neuropathic foot ulcers in children with spina bifida.
Original research: Factors associated with low educational motivation among ethnic minority students in Vietnam

This paper discusses the issue of academic underachievement among ethnic minority students at secondary level in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam through an examination of the factors relating to low educational motivation and its consequences for academic performance. The findings revealed that ethnic minority students faced numerous challenges in gaining and/or maintaining adequate motivation for education. They did not enjoy sufficient conducive conditions for formal schooling, and their living environment was not appropriate for good educational performance. Other factors included limited parental engagement, low level of peer support, and above all low occupational outcomes that reduced the motivation to view education as a social ladder. As a result, they undervalued education, hardly accepting that education could result in positive outcomes in their life, and therefore they lacked motivational attitudes and aspirations for high educational performance.
Availability of, referral to and participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation after heart valve surgery: Results from the national CopenHeart survey

Background As with ischaemic heart disease, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended for patients undergoing heart valve surgery; recommendations are based on limited evidence. The organization of CR programmes and factors associated with uptake among patients undergoing heart valve surgery have not been studied. This study investigated CR programmes for these patients and factors associated with referral and participation. Design and methods We distributed two nationwide surveys: one to 37 hospitals and 98 municipalities and one to 742 consecutive patients undergoing heart valve surgery. Data were linked to nationwide registries. We analysed the provision and content of programmes using descriptive statistics, and factors associated with referral and participation using logistic regression analysis. Results Coverage of CR programmes for these patients was high, with national programme variation. The overall uptake rate was 52%. Simultaneous CABG was associated with a higher probability of referral to CR (OR 2.02 (95%CI 1.12–3.65)); being unmarried (0.44 (0.27–0.72)) and having TAVI with a lower probability (0.26; 0.13–0.52). The referral pattern varied across administrative regions, with patients in the capital region less likely to be referred (0.22 (0.08–0.57)). Patients with TAVI were less likely to participate (0.29 (0.12–0.70)). Conclusions Despite high national programme coverage, only half the patients post heart valve surgery received CR. Both factors identified at provider- and patient-level influenced uptake and included significant regional variation in referral pattern. Further research into the effect and organization of CR post heart valve surgery is needed.
Direct detection of p53−/− thymocyte appearing at an early stage of radiation-induced thymic lymphomagenesis in p53+/− heterozygous B10 mice

Purpose: The appearance of tumor suppressor protein 53 (p53) −/− thymocytes at an early stage of radiation-induced lymphomagenesis was investigated in the p53 heterozygous (+/−) B10 mice following a single dose of irradiation, since most thymic lymphomas manifested the loss of the wild-type p53 allele and the loss of heterozygosity was thought to be an early event critical for radiation-induced thymic lymphomagenesis in p53+/− mice. Materials and methods: The mice were exposed to a single dose (6 Gy) of irradiation to induce thymic lymphomas and, at various times after irradiation, treated with an extremely high dose (30 Gy) of whole-body irradiation to enrich p53−/− thymocytes and, 24 h later, the remaining thymocytes were assayed for cell surface markers and p53 genotype. Results: In a significant fraction of the p53+/− mice 5 weeks after 6 Gy irradiation, there was a relative increase in the number of cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+CD8+ thymocyte subpopulation among thymocytes remaining after 30 Gy irradiation. The CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes were shown to contain p53−/− cells, and the number of p53−/− thymocytes was more than 105 in those individuals. Conclusions: The results clearly indicated that an extremely high dose (30 Gy) of whole-body irradiation enabled us to directly detect p53−/− thymocytes in an abundant p53+/− thymocyte population and that proliferative p53−/− thymocytes develop in a CD4+CD8+ DP thymocyte subpopulation within a few weeks after a single dose (6 Gy) of irradiation.