Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Private School Choice in India: All about the Family Backgrounds?

ABSTRACT This article examines the determinants of private school choice for elementary school students in India with emphasis on school characteristics. We also analyze the gender differences in the demand for private schools among the households, a relatively less explored issue in the school choice literature in India. We find that private schools are preferred by families when they have high teacher attendance, employ local teachers, and have better parental participation in parent-teacher associations/meetings. Our results suggest that better/quality education and English as the medium of instruction are major factors in influencing parents to choose private schools. While female students are less likely to attend private schools, the gender gap narrows as family economic status and the mother’s education improve.
Repeat-Induced Point Mutations (RIP) Drives the Formation of Distinct Sub-Genomic Compartments in Fusarium Circinatum

Repeat-Induced Point mutations (RIP) serves as a genome defence mechanism that impedes the deleterious consequences of repeated motifs such as transposable elements in fungi. Genomic regions with RIP are biased for adenosine and thymine transitions and the cumulative influence of RIP is thought to have a considerable impact on genome composition. We investigated the impact of RIP on localized genomic regions and whole-genome sequences for representatives of the pine pathogen, Fusarium circinatum. We set out to determine the intraspecific variation in acquired RIP and the role of RIP in the development of diverse F. circinatum sub-genomic compartments. The results of the study show that the AT-enriched sub-genomic compartment accounts for ca. 97% of the calculated RIP and was further prominent in both core and accessory genomic regions. However, more extensive RIP was observed in the accessory sub-compartment and more variable regions of the genome. Regions with RIP indicated increased intrinsic curvature of the DNA which may influence DNA-protein interactions and may promote constitutive heterochromatin formation. The results show that RIP is an important source of functional novelty and genome variation. RIP contributes to the evolution of the genetic landscape and differentiation of diverse sub-genomic compartments of this important fungal pathogen.
ESTIMACIÓN DE LA FRACCIÓN DE COBERTURA DE LA VEGETACIÓN EN MAÍZ (Zea mays) MEDIANTE IMÁGENES DIGITALES TOMADAS POR UN VEHÍCULO AÉREO NO TRIPULADO (UAV)

The vegetation cover fraction is an important variable in crop monitoring that is related to biophysical characteristics such as density, phenology, leaf area index, germination, photosynthetic capacity of foliage, evapotranspiration, productivity and crop yield. The aim of this study was to estimate the vegetation cover fraction during the development of the maize crop, from images taken by a sensor that captures information in the spectrum of red, green, and blue (RGB), mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle, with vegetation indices and thresholding methods. Six flights were made, which generated six orthomosaics during the development of the crop. The image capture was 30 m above ground level, with resolutions of 0.75 to 0.80 cm/pixel. For the extraction of the vegetation and transformation of the orthomosaics to grayscale, four vegetation indices (IV): triangular greenness index (TGI), excess green index (ExG), visible atmospheric resistance index (VARI) and normalized green-red difference index (NGRDI) were used. Thresholding was performed with the Otsu, IsoData, Fuzzy, and momentum conservation algorithms for each grayscale image generated with the IVs to separate and classify the pixels of the images into two classes, soil and vegetation. The indices used to extract the vegetation showed high precision in the early stages of development; thus, it is possible to use them to know the germination, density, and early vigor of the crop. It was found that the EXG index presented errors from 2.2 to 17.8 % in the estimation of the vegetation cover fraction during the development of the crop; errors less than 5 % were obtained through the threshold calculated with the Fuzzy method up to 58 days after planting. The use of high-resolution digital images from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) allowed estimating the vegetation cover with errors of less than 5 % in the early stages of the development of the maize crop.
INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION SEBAGAI PENYEDIA “KENYAMANAN” KOMITE AUDIT

ABSTRA K : Internal Audit Function s ebagai Penyedia “Kenyamanan” Komite Audit. Penelitian ini menjelaskan makna “kenyamanan” dalam perspektif internal audit function (IAF) dengan komite audit. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur pada sejumlah jurnal bereputasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keefektifan IAF memberikan jaminan peningkatan pengendalian internal serta peningkatan kenyamanan yang signifikan untuk komite audit. Pengetahuan unik, pertemuan interpersonal rutin, dan kolaborasi korporatif antara auditor internal dengan auditor eksternal juga mampu meningkatkan kenyamanan komite audit. Beberapa manfaat lainnya juga dihasilkan dari kerjasama IAF dengan komite audit untuk menambah kenyamanan. ABSTRACT: Internal Audit Function as a "Convenience" Provider for Audit Committee. This study explained the meaning of "comfort" in the perspective of the internal audit function (IAF) with the audit committee. The method used was a literature study in a number of reputable journals. This study found that the effectiveness of the IAF provides a guarantee of increased internal control as well as a significant increase in comfort for the audit committee. Unique knowledge, regular interpersonal meetings, and corporate collaboration between internal and external auditors were also able to increase the comfort of the audit committee. Several other benefits also resulted in added convenience.
Systematic Review of Exoskeletons towards a General Categorization Model Proposal

Exoskeletons are an essential part of humankind’s future. The first records regarding the subject were published several decades ago, and the field has been expanding ever since. Their developments will be imperative for humans in the coming decades due to our constant pursuit of physical enhancement, and the physical constraints the human body has. The principal purpose of this article is to formalize research in the field of exoskeletons and introduce the field to more researchers in hopes of expanding research in the area. Exoskeletons can assist and/or aid in the rehabilitation of a person. Recovery exoskeletons are mostly used in medical and research areas; performance exoskeletons can be used in any area. This systematic review explains the precedents of the exoskeletons and gives a general perspective on their general present-day use, and provides a general categorization model with a brief description of each category. Finally, this paper provides a discussion of the state-of-the-art, and the current control techniques used in exoskeletons.
Qualitative Study On Students’ Self-Efficacy And Language Learning Strategies In Esl Classroom

Despite of being categorized among top twelve out of 72 countries in English language proficiency ranking, Malaysian students in real life, still have issues with English language and engagement in English language classes. Hence, this study aimed to investigate factors that affect students’ self-efficacy and language learning strategies that could help students boost their confidence in using the language. A qualitative research design was employed with a purposive sampling method that involved 10 students of Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Campus in a structured interview session. The study revealed that personal factors were key determiners affecting one’s self-efficacy in using the language whereas cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies were equally rated as the most effective language learning strategies to be used to boost ESL learners’ language proficiency. It is hoped this study could benefit curriculum designers, as well as English language practitioners in developing practical pedagogical and personal strategies to deal with English language learners with low self-efficacy. language learning strategies, and self-efficacy.
BIOIMAGING OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES BY MEANS OF LASER ABLATION WITH INDUCTIVELY COUPLED OF PLASMA AND MASS SPECTROMETRY

Bioimaging using laser ablation connected with inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) offers the ability of imaging of elements in the different types of biological tissues with very good spatial resolution from units to hundreds µm. This method is used in biomedical research such as cancer diseases. A wide range of application also provides information about distribution of essential elements in organs (liver, kidneys).
10 kW Grid-Connected PV System Cost and Environmental Analysis for Government Offices: Darbandikhan Technical Institute as a Case Study

The Iraqi Kurdistan region has significant potential for implementing solar energy with an average annual rate of 5.245 kWh/m2. However, most of its energy supply currently comes from nonrenewable energy sources. With the continually increasing demand for energy, an alternative energy-generation technique is required. Among the various renewable energy resources, generating electricity directly from sunlight is the best option because it can be applied by the average household and is environmentally friendly. In this study, a cost and environmental analysis for a 10 kW grid-connected photovoltaic system is presented for a government building with the aim of reducing the load demand on the grid during weekdays and also to inject the generated power into the power grid during weekends. A simulation of the proposed PV system was generated by using Photovoltaic Geographic Information System software to estimate the system’s production performance. The software showed that the highest energy production was 1,660 kWh, which occurred in August; the total electricity production was 16,184 kWh over a 1-year period. The study also showed that the geographical location of Darbandikhan City is quite sufficient for generating electric power from solar energy. It further showed that it can reduce CO2 emissions by 356.60 tons during its lifetime when compared with a gasoline generator and by 131.38 tons when compared with that of a natural gas generator. The proposed system could serve as a good revenue source for the government by exporting the generated electricity to the grid while at the same time serving as motivation for households in the region; furthermore, this system can also be applied to other governmental offices in Kurdistan to generate some or all of its energy needs.
Towards green synthesis of nanoparticles: From bio-assisted sources to benign solvents. A review

ABSTRACT Current advancements in green synthesis of materials especially nanoparticles have led to conservation of natural and non-renewable resources along with reduction in environmental pollution. Development of cost-effective, simple and eco-friendly routes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is very important. All over the world, a wide variety of biogenic sources have been put to trial as a source of green agents to facilitate synthesis process. In addition to this, environmentally benign solvents are also being used these days in order to promote green synthesis. In this review, an attempt has been made to familiarise the readers with the different green routes for the synthesis of nanoparticles.
The effect of teaching with slackline exercises on balance skills learning of university students

This study aims to analyze the impact of slackline exercises on the balance skills of university student on their learning. Twenty university student kickboxers voluntarily attended the study (8 women and 12 men). They were randomly divided into two groups (each group four females and six males) as the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG), each consisting of 10 subjects. CG only followed regular training, while EG applied supervised slackline exercises for two days a week and 10 min sessions in addition to regular training for 4-week. Some tests were done before and after slackline exercises in the evaluation of all participants: counter movement jump, standing long jump, leg strength test, back strength test, static balance test “Stork Stand Balance” (SST) and dynamic balance test. According to the post-test results, the SST values which are the static balance test of EG were significantly higher than the CG. As a result, if slackline exercises, which are organized in addition to the regular training sessions specific to the branch, are applied in more extended periods, it can contribute to the balance skill learning and the balance necessary for performing technical movement.
Isolation of antioxidants from Alchemilla xanthochlora

The aim of this study was to find conditions for isolation of antioxidants from Alchemilla xanthochlora. The solid-liquid extraction of plant material with different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol, and water) was used for preparation of crude extracts of antioxidants. For additional purification of crude extract, liquid-liquid extraction in different organic solvents (chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol) and water, and column chromatography with silica gel as stationary phase and mixture of chloroform : methanol as mobile phase were used. The content of active compounds was monitored by photometric method and special TLC analysis using DPPH as basic reagent. TLC-DPPH analysis of herbal extracts showed that antioxidants from Alchemilla xanthochlora were separated into two groups with different polarity. Finally, for the isolation of antioxidants from Alchemilla xanthochlora were successfully used the following procedures: extraction of dried grounded plant material with methanol at 50°C during 1 hour, subsequent liquid-liquid extraction in isopropanol and water and fractionation of isopropanol extract by column chromatography. Fraction with isolated antioxidants showed antioxidant activity 535.2 mg to g of fraction residue.
Teacher accountability and education restructuring: an exploration of teachers’ work identities in an urban school for poor in India

ABSTRACT Teachers’ work in India is impacted by the ongoing restructuring of school education that incorporates simultaneous attempts at reform and regulation. Child-friendly assessment policy instituted by the local bureaucracy leads to intensification of teachers’ administrative roles, drawing their attention away from critical pedagogic ones. Limitations in policy interpretation are found to be in response to the official discourse of efficiency that manifests in performative measures of accountability inconsistent with the intended reforms. In this ethnographic case study in an urban middle school for poor, teachers’ attempts to comply with instruments of accountability while adapting to changing pedagogic relations with their students and achieve coherence in their identities are examined. The paper draws attention to the contrasts between models of good teaching held by teachers, vis-à-vis the official discourse. It argues for a reworking of the existing model of accountability towards incorporating a cultural-political conception of pedagogy.
Stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis as a rare complication of interlocking intramedullary nailing

Introduction This article describes a clinical case of a stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis following a high-energy tibial shaft fracture stabilized with interlocking intramedullary (IM) nail to identify an underlying cause of the traumatic event. Objective To demonstrate the occurrence of a stress fracture after adequate interlocking IM nailing of a traumatic fracture due to systemic osteoporosis that presented no clinical manifestations prior to injury. Material and methods Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to diagnose the stress fracture. Bone mineral density and laboratory markers of bone metabolism were measured to identify underlying causes of the stress fracture. Consolidation of the traumatic fracture fixed with interlocking IM nail was re-evaluated with a radiograph of the fracture site. Results The stress fracture was seen off the IM nail on MRI scans. Osteoporosis was diagnosed with bone densitometry using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and deoxypyridinoline, a bone resorption marker and vitamin D deficiency were identified with laboratory tests. No signs of fracture union were seen radiologically. Conclusion A stress fracture of the distal tibial metaepiphysis detected 3 months after a tibial shaft fracture fixed with interlocking IM nail can be considered an insufficiency fracture caused by primary (idiopathic) systemic osteoporosis that was asymptomatic prior to the high-energy injury.
Parental Occupation Relationship with Parental Authority, Introversion, Self-Esteem, Religiosity and Social Anxiety among Youngsters

1. Ph. D Scholar, Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2. Research Scholar, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 3. Research Scholar, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: October 08, 2020 Accepted: December 05, 2020 Online: December 31, 2020 The main objective of this study is to find out whether parental occupation affects parental authority, introversion, self-esteem, religiosity and social anxiety of Youngsters or not. Total of 550 participants were screened out in the initial process out of which400 were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria. Out of 400 students, 50% (N = 200) were male and 50% (N = 200 were female students from different colleges and high schools of Pakistan. Urdu version of The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Self-esteem Scale, Big Five Inventory, Parenting Authority Scale and Religiosity and Spirituality Scale for Youth scale was used to collect data. Result show that there is non-significant difference between father and mother’s occupation (job and business) on social anxiety and self-esteem of youngsters. However, there exist a significant difference between father and mother’s occupation on religiosity of youngsters.
Effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on positive streamer propagation in transformer oil

Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 10 nm were prepared and used to modify streamer characteristic of transformer oil. It was found that positive streamer propagation velocity in transformer oil-based Fe3O4 nanofluid is greatly reduced by 51% in comparison with that in pure oil. The evolution of streamer shape is also dramatically affected by the presence of nanoparticles, changing from a tree-like shape with sharp branches in pure oil to a bush-like structure with thicker and denser branches in nanofluid. The TSC results reveal that the modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticle can greatly increase the density of shallow trap and change space charge distribution in nanofluid by converting fast electrons into slow electrons via trapping and de-trapping process in shallow traps. These negative space charges induced by nanoparticles greatly alleviate the electric field distortion in front of the positive streamer tip and significantly hinder the propagation of positive streamer.
THE IMPACT OF BRAND TRUST TOWARD LOYALITY CUSTOMER PERTALITE IN DEPO PERTAMINA MOJOKERTO

This study aims to analyze the effect of the viability (dov) and imtentonality (doi) dimensions on customer loyalty. The research sample consisted of 43 permanent pertalite participants who made repeat purchases at DEPO PERTAMINA Prajurit Kulon, Mojokerto, through the accidental sampling method approach (Cooper & Emory, 1995). It is concluded that H1 of research: the truth is accepted, H2 of research: the truth is accepted. Where loyalty is a manifestation of the moral it is positive shown by consumers to their retailers, in line with the opinion (Autry et al. 2007). The research model is quite accurate in predicting the linear influence of brand trust (dov & doi) on customer loyalty, representing 43 permanent participants who made intention purchases.
Use of prodrugs in cancer therapy - A Review

Sai Keerthana M. B.1, Kavitha S. *2, Sangeetha S.3, Vishnupriya V.2, Gayathri R.2 1Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India 3Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT: CONNECTING MODERNIZATION AND FAMILY INSTITUTION ON QUALITATIVE GROUNDS

Purpose of the study: The qualitative study has been designed with the primary objective to find the impact of and link between modernization and the changing facets of the family institution. The study also focused on exploring the various dimensions of modernization responsible for bringing change in the family institution. Methodology: The data was collected from the different nature of potential participants from all seven tehsils of district Swat, Pakistan. In-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussion (FDG) were incorporated as research instruments, whereas an interview guide was used under IDIs and FGDs. The collected data were processed under the frame of qualitative research approach wherein after transcribing, and coding of the data themes was identified. Main Findings: The thematic analysis of family structure, patriarchy, decision making in the family, and ways of communication exposed that due to modernization, the family institution is under continuous change. Applications of this study: The research results can be applied to such studies that focus on changes in family institutions, communities with similar socio-cultural characteristics. Novelty/Originality of this study: The unique feature of this study is that such kinds of topics have been very rarely investigated in the context of Pakistani society and especially in Pakhtun culture.
Water Quality Index for the Assessment of Selected Borehole Water Quality in Rivers State

Water quality of different locations in River state, Nigeria was evaluated using Water Quality Index (WQI) approach to assess the suitability of water from three local government areas in Rivers State. The study revealed that WQI was determined by the following parameters: pH, Temp, EC, BOD, Chloride, Sulphate, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate, Total Hardness, Nitrate, Pb Calcium, Cd, Cu, and Fe. The result obtained indicated that the water quality index of borehole water exceeded the status of water quality in all sampling locations due to groundwater contamination, making the water unsafe for human and animal consumption. Residents within the State should be enlightened on the adverse effect of drinking polluted water and the need for water treatment before consumption.