Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Signalling Game-Based Security Enforcement Mechanism for SDN Controllers

The major advantages of software-defined networking (SDN) lie on effective traffic management, dynamic configuration of policy and flow rules, better scalability with heterogeneous traffic requirements. However, the centralized network control and use of OpenFlow protocols introduce security challenges over the underlying network. The attacks on the SDN controller are more critical as it hosts all network control functions to effectively manage the network. This paper presents a solution to proactively prevent various potential attacks in the SDN controller. Our work is motivated by a systematic analysis of different attack scenarios in SDN using STRIDE attack model. We design a trust-based controller attack detection(TCAD) model using the signaling game approach. It calculates the trust value of each incoming packet request to the controller that drives the generation of secure flow rules. We have evaluated our proposed solution in different scenarios with varying traffic requirements and injecting attacks based on the STRIDE model. The experimentation results show 99% accuracy in attack detection against potential attacks.
An Efficient Algorithm for Parking Lot Allocation

With the rapid growth of private car owners, parking lot allocation became a challenging task to the administrators of the cities. Moreover, the absence of a parking lot allocation system generates more traffic and increases fuel consumption as the users are spending more time on the street for finding an available slot near their destinations. Thus, the current research focuses on maximizing parking lot allocation to give parking service to the more users and allocating the users at close proximity of their destination. To achieve an improved user experience, we have developed a parking lot allocation system, along with a mathematical model using integer linear programming (ILP) to find an optimal solution. As the allocation problem is NP-Hard, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to find a near-optimal solution in a reasonable time. Finally, we have investigated the performance of the proposed algorithm by making a comparison with the ILP based policy and an existing heuristic. We have also shown that our proposed algorithm improves the result significantly.
Irrigation System for Precision Agriculture Supported in the Measurement of Environmental Variables

This paper presents the development of an irrigation system oriented to the automation of crop irrigation through the use of technological tools to be used in precision agriculture, focused on supporting irrigation processes in crops. For this, an autonomous hydraulic irrigation system was developed that works employing a storage system and self-sustainable energy control, allowing irrigation decision-making in the areas where it is needed at all times. This irrigation system makes use of a service to measure environmental variables, such as ambient temperature, soil moisture and relative humidity using sensors, for decision making. The irrigation system was designed with solenoid valves as actuators, controlled through relays, and with 2 solar panels and a set of lithium batteries regulated by a battery management system for self-supply. A system like the one presented in this article becomes an alternative for small farmers, besides that, it has the main characteristic of having a high margin of scalability at a technological and economic level.
Data-oriented Neural Time Series with Long Short-Term Memories (LSTM) for Malaria Incidence Prediction in Goa, India

Malaria is a major problem in India from ancient times and some related details are found in literature like CharakaSamhita and Atharva Veda. Malaria is a dangerous life-threatening disease that needs proper attention. Several malaria control programs are under process to completely eliminate the disease. Moreover, the early prediction of malaria-prone zones can help these programs to trigger malaria. In this study, we have performed the prediction of malaria-prone zones using Long Short-Term Memories in time series forecasting from the deep learning environment. We have applied the K-fold (K5 and K10) method for data re-sampling. Data used in this study is novel, collected from ID hospital, Ponda, Goa, India with prior ethics approval from hospital authorities.
Managing Security Objects and -Processes Using an Extended BPM Approach and -System

One important use case for (business) process technology is process compliance. We propose that managing security objects such as cryptographic keys is an application domain that can greatly benefit from using process technology because of a critical compliance requirement. To this end, we present a BPMN extension and a design of a support system for key management processes. Both were driven by a case study on a distributed application using a standard hierarchical public key infrastructure, which we also present. Our prototypical implementation of the support system shows that process compliance for security object management processes can be substantially supported with moderate effort by extending the standard process technology.
Detection of Retinal Disorders in Optical Coherence Tomography using Deep Learning

We address a paramount problem domain in the analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images: the detection of retinal disorder in retinal OCT images. The objective is to identify the existence of normal macula and each of the three types of disorders, specifically the Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV), the Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) and the Drusen, in the OCT images. Here, we formulate a detection system based on a Deep-Learning methodology for the screening of patients with frequent blinding retinal diseases, which are treatable if detected in time. For achieving the goal, we used Densely Connected Convolution Neural Network (DenseNet). Various experiments were conducted to determine a justifiable DenseNet network with optimal parameters. We achieved an accuracy of 98.00% on the training set, 97.20% on the validation set and 97.65% on the test set, with a precision of 0.9640, recall/sensitivity of 0.9557 and specificity of 0.9915. Also, the Area under curve (AUC) of the model evaluates to an average of 0.9775 based on One-vs-All approach.
Progress in pharmacological study and the underlying mechanism of baicalein and baicalin

Baicalein and baicalin are important components of traditional Chinese herb,Scutellariae Radix.Many studies have shown that baicalein and baicalin have the activities of anti-bacteria,anti-virus,anti-tumor,anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation,protecting the liver function,dispelling heat and relieving pain,treating heart blood vessel diseases,and so on.This article reviews the developments of studies on its pharmacological action and mechanism and provides theoretical evidences for exploiting of baicalein and baicalin.
Ko e talanoa fekau’aki pea moe mo’ui kakato ‘o e mātu’a Tonga nofo Nu’usila

New Zealand’s older adult population is gradually increasing, in line with global increases in the number of older people. Pacific populations living in New Zealand currently have the least number of people aged 65 years and older in New Zealand (2.4% or 13,944 people), however; this is projected to increase in the next 20 years by 160%. After controlling for multiple health risks, socio-economic and demographic variables, ethnicity has been shown to have an independent role as a predictor of health and wellbeing. Research on the wellbeing of older Pacific peoples in New Zealand is limited, with none having been published that involves or relates to older Tongan people. Therefore, research exploring the perspectives and experiences of the psychosocial factors of wellbeing of older Pacific peoples in New Zealand is required. This thesis describes the perspectives and experiences of nine older Tongan people from the Wellington region, and their consideration of what contributes to their wellbeing. The research aimed to describe wellbeing based on the participants’ own concepts of wellbeing, and also identify factors that either enabled or inhibited their wellbeing. A qualitative research design guided by Pacific models of the Talanoa methodology and the Kakala research framework was utilised. Talanoa were conducted with all participants, with the talanoa transcripts qualitatively analysed using content and thematic analysis. The study found that wellbeing for older Tongan people is centred upon the quality of their mo’ui kakato (life in its entirety). It is multi-dimensional, interrelated and broader than just physical and mental health aspects. God was the overarching component, and their belief in God greatly influenced their views of wellbeing or their life as a whole. These findings will assist family members, churches, communities, health professionals and others to improve their practices and therefore support the improvement of older Pacific peoples’ wellbeing.
Retrieval of aerosol components directly from satellite and ground-based measurements

Abstract. This study presents a novel methodology for the remote monitoring of aerosol components over large spatial and temporal domains. The concept is realized within the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) algorithm to directly infer aerosol components from the measured radiances. The observed aerosols are assumed to be mixtures of hydrated soluble particles embedded with black carbon, brown carbon, iron oxide, and other (non-absorbing) insoluble inclusions. The complex refractive indices of the dry components are fixed a priori (although the refractive index of the soluble host is allowed to vary with hydration), and the complex refractive indices of the mixture are computed using mixing rules. The volume fractions of these components are derived along with the size distribution and the fraction of spherical particles, as well as the spectral surface reflectance in cases when the satellite data are inverted. The retrieval is implemented as a statistically optimized fit in a continuous space of solutions. This contrasts with most conventional approaches in which the type of aerosol is either associated with a pre-assumed aerosol model that is included in a set of look-up tables, or determined from the analysis of the retrieved aerosol optical parameters (e.g., single scattering albedo, refractive index, among others, provided by the AERONET retrieval algorithm); here, we retrieve the aerosol components explicitly. The approach also bridges directly to the quantities used in global chemical transport models. We first tested the approach with synthetic data to estimate the uncertainty, and then applied it to real ground-based AERONET and spaceborne POLDER/PARASOL observations; thus, the study presents a first attempt to derive aerosol components from satellite observations specifically tied to global chemical transport model quantities. Our results indicate aerosol optical characteristics that are highly consistent with standard products (e.g., R of ∼0.9 for aerosol optical thickness) and demonstrate an ability to separate intrinsic optical properties of fine- and coarse-sized aerosols. We applied our method to POLDER/PARASOL radiances on the global scale and obtained spatial and temporal patterns of the aerosol components that agree well with existing knowledge on aerosol sources and transport features. Finally, we discuss limitations and perspectives of this new technique.
Effect of astragalus extract on the levels of PKD1 protein in rats with myocardial infarction

Aim To study the effect of astragalus extract on the levels of PKD1 protein in rats with myocardial infarction(MI). Methods Left coronary artery of Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were ligated to make MI models.The rats were randomly subjected to MI model group,sham-operated group,and three different astragalus extract(AE)(10,20,40 mg·kg-1·d-1) groups,each group consisted of 8 rats.The MI group and sham-operated group were fed 0.9% sodium chloride 20 ml·kg-1·d-1.8 weeks later,the rats were sacrificed,the hemodynamic changes in rats were determined,and the segmental heart samples were used for hematoxylin and eosin staining,masson staining and histological evaluation on expression of protein kinase D1(PKD1). Immunoblotting analysis was also employed to determine alterations in protein levels of PKD1.Results Compared with the MI group,the left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and maximal decrease and increase rate of pressure in left ventricle of all the AE groups,and sham-operated group increased significantly(P0.05),while the left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) decreased significantly(P0.05). There were serious myocardial necrosis,fibroblasts increasing,accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration in the rats of MI group,and slightly fuzzy cell morphology,nuclear hypertrophy,mild proliferation of fibroblasts,inflammatory cells decreasing in the AE(10,20 mg·kg-1·d-1) groups,while more clear cell morphology,rare fibroblasts and inflammatory cells in the AE(40 mg·kg-1·d-1) group,according to the HE staining analysis.The masson staining results showed that the MI group consisted of more myocardial collagen tissue,yet all the AE groups consisted of mainly red myocardial tissue,intermingled collagen tissue.The PKD1 protein expression in the cytoplasm of myocardial tissue of all the AE groups decreased significantly(P0.05)by histological evaluation,compared with the MI group.And the immunoblotting analysis achieved the same results.Conclusion Our study reveals that the astragalus extract can significantly ameliorate the abnormal hemorheological indicators,pathologic lesions,and component proportion ratio of collagen fibers,which is probably related to the down-regulation of the expression of PKD1 protein in rats with myocardial infarction.
Effect of sample storage conditions on the molecular assessment of MIC

Microbiological surveys play a fundamental role in diagnosing and monitoring microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in oil and gas production systems. Currently, microbiological characterization is being carried out by the implementation of molecular microbiological methods (MMMs) such as the 16S rRNA gene diversity profiling. Molecular characterization of microorganisms provides information to assess the risk of MIC in the production facilities. Even though MMMs have been included in NACE standards, standardized protocols for collection, storage and preservation of oilfield samples have not been written. In this study, the effect of sample storage conditions on the microbial composition, community structure, alpha diversity and functional capability of oilfield samples was investigated. The effect of storage samples at room temperature or refrigeration on the molecular MIC assessment was statistically evaluated by comparison with samples preprocessed and preserved on-site straight upon collection. Sample storage resulted in changes in the relative abundance of the microbial populations, which had a significant impact on the alpha diversity and structure of the community. Likewise, the functional capability of the microbial community in oilfield samples was affected by storage conditions. Abundances of genes associated with corrosive pathways such as sulphate reduction, iron utilization and methanogenesis decreased under conditions evaluated. Results of this research provide evidence of the importance of sample handling for an accurate microbial characterization and subsequent assessment of the MIC risk in industrial systems. Thereby, on-site pre-processing of the samples and addition of nucleic acids preservation solutions is recommended for an optimal microbiological survey, and in cases where this is not feasible, refrigeration is preferred over room temperature storage conditions.
Tolerability of famitinib malate:the preliminary results from phase I clinical trial

Objective: To establish the safety profile and recommended dose of famitinib malate for phase Ⅱ clinical trials,and to evaluate the antitumor activity of famitinib malate.Methods: Totally 52 patients with advanced solid maliganancies received famitinib malate,once a day,at the dose ranging from 4 to 27 mg.One cycle consisted of 28 days.The antitumor efficacy was evaluated every 2 cycles.Results: Fifty-one patients were evaluable for safety.For those patients without a history of hypertension,both 27 mg and 25 mg were safe.The dose limiting toxicities for these patients were grade Ⅲ hypertension,grade Ⅳ thrombocytopenia,grade Ⅲ proteinuria and grade Ⅲ hypertriglyceridemia if defined to occur during the first 8 weeks,and only included grade Ⅲ hypertension and grade Ⅳ thrombocytopenia if defined to occur during the first 4 weeks.At the dose of 25 mg,other common side effects included hematological toxicity,hand-foot skin reaction,fatigue,oral mucositis,pain,anorexia,nausea,elevation of transaminase,hypercholesterolemia,peripheral neuropathy,hypothyroidism and edema.Forty-eight patients were evaluable for efficacy.Six patients with renal cell carcinoma,1 with alveolar soft part sarcoma and 1 with GIST achieved PR at the dose of 25 mg and 27 mg.Additional 1 patient with hepatocellular carcinoma,1 with liposarcoma and 1 with thymic carcinoma achieved a PFS of 12 months or more.The response rate for renal cell carcinoma was 6/11(54.5%). Conclusion: Famitinib malate has a broad antitumor activity with manageable toxicity.The dose of 25 mg is the recommended dose for those patients without a history of hypertension in phase Ⅱ clinical trials.
Comparison of Bacterial Culture and Microscopic Urine Analyzer in the Urinary Tract Infections

Amaç: İdrar kültürü, üriner sistem infeksiyonlarının tanısında altın standarddır. Kantitatif sonuç veren tam otomatik idrar analizörü (TOİA) de idrar tahlili için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu cihaz mikroskopik analiz yaparak eritrosit, lökosit ve epitel hücrelerinin yanı sıra bakteri ve renal elementleri de saptamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, klinisyenlerin üriner sistem infeksiyonuna hızlı tanı koyabilmek amacıyla kullandıkları TOİA’nın idrar kültürleriyle retrospektif olarak karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntemler: Hastanemizin çeşitli servislerinden 1 Haziran 2010 ve 31 Ekim 2011 tarihleri arasında hem idrar tahlili hem de idrar kültürü amacıyla Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’na gönderilen 23 065 idrar örneği retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. İdrar tahlili iQ®200 (Iris Diagnostics, Chatsworth, CA, ABD) ile yapıldı. TOİA’ya göre lökosit sayısı ≥5 olan değerler, bakteri sayısı olarak da ≥1 olan değerler pozitif olarak değerlendirildi. İdrar kültüründe de ≥5x104 cfu/ml üremeler karşılaştırmada dikkate alındı. Bulgular: TOİA ile kültür arasında lökosit sayısına göre lökosit-negatif/kültür-pozitif (%0.4) ve lökosit-pozitif/kültür-negatif (%11.3) olmak üzere toplam %11.7 sonuç arasında; bakteri sayısına göre ise bakteri-negatif/kültür-pozitif (%5) ve bakteri-pozitif/ kültür-negatif (%1.6) olmak üzere toplam %6.6 sonuç arasında uyumsuzluk tespit edildi. Sonuçlar: Klinisyenlerin çoğu zaman hızlı tanı amacıyla kullandıkları TOİA’nın, kültürün daha verimli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı, fakat onun yerine kullanılamayacağı kanısına varıldı. Klimik Dergisi 2013; 26(2): 68-71.
The Effects of Splinting on the Spastic Hemiplegic is Hand: Report of a Feasibility Study

Hand splints are used by occupational therapists as a method of reducing the increased muscle tone of the upper extremity following stroke. However, the paucity of research and inconsistent findings examining the effects of splinting on spasticity has resulted in this technique being a controversial one. Many parameters of splinting need to be investigated, such as the type of splint, the duration of use, and wearing schedules. This feasibility study was conducted to pretest instruments and procedures investigating the effects of a finger spreader on the spastic musculature of the wrist and to examine trends in spasticity associated with variables, including a splint wearing schedule, expectations and satisfaction with the splint, and compliance. Nine subjects were randomly assigned to three groups defined by wearing schedules of twenty-two, twelve, and six hours per day. The greatest change in the level of spasticity was noted in the group wearing the splint for twenty-two hours. However, this trend was not statistically significant. A statistically significant relationship was found between expectations of the splint and compliance to the wearing schedule. Satisfaction with the splint outcome and therapeutic interaction was also observed to have a statistically significant relationship with compliance. This indicates that the procedures and measures designed for this study are worth pursuing in future research.
The Demographic Features and Accompanying Neuroimaging Findings of Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease Patients Living in Düzce

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the sociodemographic features and accompanying neuroimaging findings in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) patients. Patients and Methods: Socio-demographic features and neuroimaging findings of 31 patients (19 males, 12 females; mean age 61.2±11.7 years; range 44 to 88 years) with IPD were evaluated in this retrospective study. The mean disease duration and lateralization at the onset were recorded. The mean unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS) scores and modified Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stages of the patients were evaluated. Results: Of the patients, 54.9% were retired, 38.7% were housewives, 3.2% were officers, and 3.2% were self-employed. Accompanying diseases were hypertension (HT) in 25.8% of the patients, diabetes mellitus (DM) in 9.7%, HT+DM in 6.4%, and coronary artery disease in 3.2%. There was no trauma or family history. Initial symptoms of the disease were resting tremor (51.6%), bradykinesia (25.8%), and rigidity (22.6%), respectively. The mean duration of disease was 5.6±3.9 years. The mean UPDRS score was 37.6±24.2. Of the patients, 35.5% were stage 1.5 according to the modified H-Y staging. Neuroimaging findings were normal in 67.8% of the patients. Generalized atrophy (13%), periventricular ischemic microangiopathic changes (6.4%), lacunar infarcts of basal ganglia (6.4%), widened VirchowRobin spaces localized in basal ganglia (6.4%) were among the findings detected. Conclusion: Diagnosis of IPD is based on clinical finding. There are no laboratory or imaging methods specific to the disease. However, the importance of neuroimaging techniques in differential diagnosis should be kept in mind.
Effects of batroxobin on delayed neuronal death in hippocampus CA1 following cerebral ischemia in gerbils

AIM To study the roles of batroxobin in reducing the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in gerbils and the effects on oxygen radicals production. METHODS Acute cerebral ischemia was produced by the oclusion of bilateral common carotid arteries of gerbils. Open field test and morphological evaluation were used to assess hippocampal ischemia reperfusion injury. Hydroxyl radical(·OH) outputs in hippocampus were analysed by high performance liquid chromography (HPLC). RESULT Batroxobin(8 U·kg -1 ) ameliorated neurologic deficits in open field test and increased the surviving numbers of pyramidal cell in hippocampus CA1 in gerbils. The outputs of 2,3 DHBA in hippocampus in control group were 0 95±0 15, much higer than in batroxobin group (0 55±0 16)( P 0 01). CONCLUSION Batroxobin could reduce the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by decreasing ·OH production.