Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BlindType

Eyes-free input is desirable for ubiquitous computing, since interacting with mobile and wearable devices often competes for visual attention with other devices and tasks. In this paper, we explore eyes-free typing on a touchpad using one thumb, wherein a user taps on an imaginary QWERTY keyboard while receiving text feedback on a separate screen. Our hypothesis is that users can transfer their typing ability obtained from visible keyboards to eyes-free use. We propose two statistical decoding algorithms to infer users’ eyes-free input: the absolute algorithm and the relative algorithm. The absolute algorithm infers user input based on the absolute position of touch endpoints, while the relative algorithm infers based on the vectors between successive touch endpoints. Evaluation results showed users could achieve satisfying performance with both algorithms. Text entry rate was 17-23 WPM (words per minute) depending on the algorithm used. In comparison, a baseline cursor-based text entry method yielded only 7.66 WPM. In conclusion, our research demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of thumb-based eyes-free typing, which provides a new possibility for text entry on ubiquitous computing platforms such as smart TVs and HMDs.
Functional organization of the nuclear envelope.

MECHANISMS OF NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC TRANSPORT 343 The Pore Complex as a Molecular Seive 344 Localization Sequences in Nuclear Proteins 345 Functions of Nuclear Localization Signals 347 Regulated Protein Import into Nuclei . 348 Export of RNA from the Nucleus 349 Cell-free Nuclear Transport Systems 351 The Nuclear Pore Complex as a Macromolecular Translocation Machine 352
Alteration in Baroreceptor Function in Rats Produces Typical Pressure Changes During Sleep

&NA; We have shown previously that both sinoaortic denervation (SAD) and high renin hypertension in the rat produce a pronounced alteration in the pattern of pressure change during sleep, namely from unchanged to a rise in pressure during synchronized sleep (SS) and from a slight rise to a marked fall during desynchronized sleep (DS). Since acute SAD also produces overactivity of the reninangiotensin system (RAS), we investigated if this overactivity is essential for the development of the alterations. In rats studied 1 day after SAD (138 ± 1.0 mm Hg) the MAP rose during SS (+ 14 ± 0.7 vs. + 1.0 ± 0.16 mm Hg in the controls) and fell during DS (‐27.2 ± 1.5 vs. +4.9 ± 0.6 mm Hg in the controls). Captopril‐treated rats, studied 1 day after SAD (89 ± 1.2 mm Hg), also exhibited rise in pressure during SS (+ 12.3 ± 0.6 mm Hg) and fall during DS (‐12.8 ± 1.7 mm Hg). Similar alterations were observed in rats studied 10 days after SAD (116 ± 0.7 mm Hg) when RAS activity was normal (PRA: 1.3 ± 0.2 vs. 10.4 ± 2.7 ng AI/ml/h for SAD‐1 day); the MAP rose during SS (+6.5 ± 0.3 mm Hg) and fell during DS (‐5.0 ± 0.9 mm Hg). These data indicate that impairment of the baroreceptor function per se determines the typical alteration in the pattern of pressure change during sleep in the rat.
Postangiographic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms: further experience with US-guided compression repair.

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR) in postcatheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred thirty-three patients with pseudoaneurysms were considered for UGCR. Patients underwent compression with duplex and color Doppler ultrasound. Immediate and long-term successes were evaluated. RESULTS Seven patients were not candidates for UGCR. UGCR was technically possible in 117 of the 126 patients who were candidates. UGCR was successful in 109 patients. The failure rate was significantly higher in patients who were receiving anticoagulant medication (P < .001). Pseudoaneurysm size, age, and structure (simple vs multiloculated) had no bearing on success or failure. The time required for successful compression was not related to treatment with anticoagulants but was related to pseudoaneurysm structure. Complications included one case of a distal embolus and two episodes of hypotension. CONCLUSION UGCR is a simple and expedient method for the treatment of postcatheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms.
Eco-friendly transportation system in proposed permanent campus of American International University-Bangladesh

The European Commission published the climate and energy package “20 20 20” with the principle scope of reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing the production from renewable energy sources (RES). Electric Vehicles (EVs) contribute to lower the GHG emissions, as they produce no exhaust gas as opposed to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The present study is focused on the possible use of EVs in proposed permanent campus of American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) fueled by RES power plants, in particular, photovoltaic systems. It wants to present different scenarios that they want to foster the diffusion of the concept of smart mobility that becomes particularly profitable for the creation of sustainable districts.
A dielectric biconvex lens design for high-gain spiral antenna

This paper describes a design for a high-gain antenna that combines a dielectric lens and a spiral radiator. The gain of the proposed spiral antenna with a biconvex lens was remarkably increased compared with that of a conventional spiral antenna with an added conical cavity wall. The narrow beam width was reasonably achieved using the optimized biconvex lens. The author confirmed that the beam width and the average gain are greatly influenced not by the lens thickness but by the focal length.
There is a world beyond protein mutations: the role of non‐coding RNAs in melanomagenesis

Until recently, the general perception has been that mutations in protein‐coding genes are responsible for tumorigenesis. With the discovery of V600EBRAF in about 50% of cutaneous melanomas, there was an increased effort to find additional mutations. However, mutations characterized in melanoma to date cannot account for the development of all melanomas. With the discovery of microRNAs as important players in melanomagenesis, protein mutations are no longer considered the sole drivers of tumors. Recent research findings have expanded the view for tumor initiation and progression to additional non‐coding RNAs. The data suggest that tumorigenesis is likely an interplay between mutated proteins and deregulation of non‐coding RNAs in the cell with an additional role of the tumor environment. With the exception of microRNAs, our knowledge of the role of non‐coding RNAs in melanoma is in its infancy. Using few examples, we will summarize some of the roles of non‐coding RNAs in tumorigenesis. Thus, there is a whole world beyond protein‐coding sequences and microRNAs, which can cause melanoma.
Phospholipids in Algae for Biodiesel Production

Introduction Biodiesel producers have long recognized the need for new sources of oil feedstock if biodiesel is to continue displacing petroleum-based diesel fuel. One potential source of oil that could minimize competition with food crops is microbial oil, with photosynthetic algae being the most widely studied option. An understanding of algal lipids, their native biochemistry and interactions once extracted, is essential to the process of learning to make the production of biofuels from algal oils more efficient and economically viable. An issue with the use of algal oils is that they frequently contain large amounts of phospholipids, which are essential components of cell walls and may be extracted from solid biomass when the oil is separated [1].
Replication of mycoplasmavirus MVL51. IV. Inhibition of viral synthesis by rifampin

The effect of rifampin on the replication of MVL51, a bullet-shaped mycoplasmavirus with single-stranded circular DNA of molecular weight 2 X 10(6), has been examined in a rifampin-resistant host cell. Rifampin does not block the early steps in MVL51 infection but does decrease the total amount of parental viral DNA taken up. The single-stranded parental viral DNA that enters the cell is found in membrane-associated, double-stranded DNA replicative forms I and II. Rifampin had no significant effect on the synthesis of progeny viral DNA RFI and RFII early in infection and SSI (single-stranded progeny viral chromosomes) later in infection. The rifampin block in virus synthesis was found to be in the step converting SSI into assembled virions. Rifampin was shown to affect the synthesis of virus-specific RNA, Which suggests that viral transcription is necessary for virion assembly.
Quantum networks for concentrating entanglement

If two parties, Alice and Bob, share some number, n, of partially entangled pairs of qubits, then it is possible for them to concentrate these pairs into some smaller number of maximally entangled states. We present a simplified version of the algorithm for such entanglement concentration, and we describe efficient networks for implementing these operations.
L'évolution structurelle du commerce de gros français

Cet article traite de l’evolution structurelle du commerce de gros francais. Pour la periode 1978-1989, les changements dans la distribution par taille des entreprises et de la productivite du travail ont ete analyses pour les trois secteurs principaux. Dans les commerces de gros non alimentaire (secteur 58) et interindustriel (secteur 59), la tendance est a l’accroissement relatif du nombre d’entreprises operant a faible effectif. Dans le commerce de gros alimentaire (secteur 57), par contre, la taille moyenne a augmente. Puis, nous avons examine si l’existence ou non des effets de taille a cause l’evolution observee dans la distribution par taille des entreprises. Nous avons utilise la productivite du travail comme critere pour les effets de taille. Les economies d’echelle ont augmente dans tous les trois secteurs principaux du commerce de gros francais. Nous nous etions attendu a ce resultat pour le secteur 57, mais non pas pour les secteurs 58 et 59. De plus, les plus fortes augmentations d’economies d’echelle sont observees dans le secteur 57. Cela s’explique par les differences dans les distributions par taille des entreprises entre le secteur 57, d’une part, et les secteurs 58 et 59, d’autre part.
A simultaneous outbreak on a neonatal unit of two strains of multiply antibiotic resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae controllable only by ward closure.

Two aminoglycoside-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae caused an outbreak on the neonatal unit at St Thomas' Hospital. One, which affected 18 patients, was capsular type K18 and resistant to newer cephalosporins by the production of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase SHV-2; the other, which colonized four patients, was capsular non-typeable and did not produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Both strains were probably brought into the unit by carrier patients; the probable carrier of the non-typeable strain was transferred from another hospital but was negative on a single admission screen; the probable carrier of the K18 strain was not screened on admission because he had been born at St Thomas', but his mother had been transferred from another hospital. Despite intensive efforts to control the outbreak by standard methods of hand washing, screening, patient isolation and environmental cleaning, a total of 22 neonates on the unit eventually became colonized or infected. One of three patients with bacteraemia died. A small proportion of samples of expressed breast milk, electronic thermometers and oxygen saturation probes were contaminated by the K18 strain and may have contributed to some of the cross-infection, but this did not explain the extent of the outbreak. The outbreak was controlled only by opening a temporary ward for colonized neonates and another for newly born babies, which allowed the closure and cleaning of the main neonatal unit. Multiply antibiotic resistant klebsiellas may be highly epidemic and cause serious, difficult-to-control outbreaks on neonatal units. All patients, regardless of their admission history, should be screened on admission for carriage of multiply resistant enterobacteria by a sensitive method, and units should have plans for temporary ward closure should outbreaks occur.
Estimating glomerular filtration rate: is it good enough? And is it time to move on?

Purpose of reviewThe aim is to examine a dominant narrative in nephrology over the past decade: that measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard measure of kidney function; accurate assessment of GFR is critical and paramount; and further efforts to refine GFR estimation should continue. Recent findingsStudies that have simultaneously compared measured GFR and estimated GFR (using endogenous filtration markers such as creatinine, or newer ones such as cystatin C or &bgr;-trace protein) against some external metric of kidney function have failed to show that measured GFR is consistently superior, which is what one would expect if measured GFR were truly the ‘gold standard. ’ SummaryCompared with estimated GFR, measured GFR does not consistently predict renal-related outcomes better. Clinical decision-making almost never requires precise and accurate knowledge of a patient's static GFR value. Efforts at perfecting cross-sectional estimates of GFR may have reached a point of diminishing returns.
3D Ultrasound Palmprint recognition system based on a mechanically tilted linear probe

In this work, a 3D Ultrasound Palmprint recognition system based on a mechanically tilted linear probe has been proposed and experimentally evaluated. The probe is controlled by the ULA-OP research scanner. The system is programmed to scan and acquire, in about 3.4 seconds, the echoes from a 3D sector volume. This new method benefits from a simpler set-up, a shorter acquisition time, and a reduced mechanical and electromagnetic noise due to the use of a 3D probe instead of a complex CNC pantograph.
Performance analysis of MIMO-OFDM under imperfect channel state information

The demand for high data rates in fourth generation wireless communication systems (4G) is to provide low complexity and high reliable system. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique with multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) system are used to support 4G requirements under unstable fading channels. We propose a combined decision directed channel estimation with an expectation maximization algorithm (DDCE-EM) scheme under the dispersive Rayleigh fading channel. The simulation results are compared with the single iteration channel estimation schemes and demonstrated that the proposed scheme exhibits better performance under different practical conditions.
Histological Characteristics of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid

Purpose: To evaluate the histological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the eyelid and to determine their effect on the size, depth of invasion and need of retreatment of a nonselected patient material seen in south-western Finland. Methods: We studied the case records and the histological characteristics of BCC of the eyelid treated at the Turku University Eye Clinic during the years 1988 through 1997. The material consisted 103 patients (103 BCC tumors of the eyelid). All tumors were surgically excised. Histological slides were reviewed by a pathologist and the material was divided into histopathological subtypes. Results: In 78.3% of the cases, the diameter of the lesion was smaller than 10 mm. The most frequent histological subtype was nodular (84.5%) followed by sclerosing (5.8%), micronodular (4.9%), keratotic (2.9%) and superficial (1.9%) types of BCC of the eyelid. Only patients of the nodular subtype showed recurrences (11 cases). The size of the tumor and the depth of invasion correlated directly with each other. However, some nodular types of BCC tumors smaller than 10 mm in diameter extended to a depth of more than 4.0 mm. Conclusions: The nodular subtype of BCC should be regarded as a potentially invasive and recurrent tumor. Histopathological examination and subtyping of all BCC tumors is recommended.
The Prevalence of Dementia in the Elderly: A Review

We reviewed the findings of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging in the context of studies published between January 1986 and June 1993 that documented dementia and Alzheimer's disease prevalence. Studies were identified using a MEDLINE literature search. Additional references were selected from the bibliography of identified articles. Most reports of all types of dementia prevalence are within a narrow range for each of the age groups 65+, 75+ and 85+ years. By contrast, two recent reports on the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease have reported much higher estimates (10.3% and 15.3%) in the elderly (65+ years). A variety of threats to both validity and generalizability of the estimates are present in all studies. In community studies which employed clinical interviews most subjects were only mildly affected; the natural history of impairment of this group requires further study if the consequences of these findings are to be understood. There is important variability in the definition of the functional consequences of cognitive impairment in the elderly which affects both the diagnosis and staging of dementia.
The impact of smoke-free workplaces on declining cigarette consumption in Australia and the United States.

OBJECTIVES This study estimates the contribution of smoke-free workplaces to the recent national declines in cigarette consumption in Australia and the United States. METHODS Nineteen studies of the impact of smoke-free workplaces on workday cigarette consumption were reviewed. The number and cost of cigarettes forgone were calculated and extrapolated to a scenario in which all indoor work areas were smoke-free. RESULTS Of the 19 studies, 18 reported declines in daily smoking rates, and 17 reported declines in smoking prevalence. Smoke-free workplaces are currently responsible for an annual reduction of some 602 million cigarettes, or 1.8% of all cigarettes that might otherwise be consumed, in Australia, and an annual reduction of 9.7 billion cigarettes (2%) in the United States. Approximately 22.3% of the 2.7 billion decrease in cigarette consumption in Australia between 1988 and 1995 can be attributed to smoke-free workplaces, as can 12.7% of the 76.5 billion decrease in the United States between 1988 and 1994. CONCLUSIONS If workplaces were universally smoke-free, the number of cigarettes forgone annually would increase to 1.14 billion (3.4%) in Australia and 20.9 billion (4.1%) in the United States.
Driver Behavior During Overtaking Maneuvers from the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study

Objective: Lane changes with the intention to overtake the vehicle in front are especially challenging scenarios for forward collision warning (FCW) designs. These overtaking maneuvers can occur at high relative vehicle speeds and often involve no brake and/or turn signal application. Therefore, overtaking presents the potential of erroneously triggering the FCW. A better understanding of driver behavior during lane change events can improve designs of this human–machine interface and increase driver acceptance of FCW. The objective of this study was to aid FCW design by characterizing driver behavior during lane change events using naturalistic driving study data. Methods: The analysis was based on data from the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study, collected by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. The 100-Car study contains approximately 1.2 million vehicle miles of driving and 43,000 h of data collected from 108 primary drivers. In order to identify overtaking maneuvers from a large sample of driving data, an algorithm to automatically identify overtaking events was developed. The lead vehicle and minimum time to collision (TTC) at the start of lane change events was identified using radar processing techniques developed in a previous study. The lane change identification algorithm was validated against video analysis, which manually identified 1,425 lane change events from approximately 126 full trips. Results: Forty-five drivers with valid time series data were selected from the 100-Car study. From the sample of drivers, our algorithm identified 326,238 lane change events. A total of 90,639 lane change events were found to involve a closing lead vehicle. Lane change events were evenly distributed between left side and right side lane changes. The characterization of lane change frequency and minimum TTC was divided into 10 mph speed bins for vehicle travel speeds between 10 and 90 mph. For all lane change events with a closing lead vehicle, the results showed that drivers change lanes most frequently in the 40–50 mph speed range. Minimum TTC was found to increase with travel speed. The variability in minimum TTC between drivers also increased with travel speed. Conclusions: This study developed and validated an algorithm to detect lane change events in the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study and characterized lane change events in the database. The characterization of driver behavior in lane change events showed that driver lane change frequency and minimum TTC vary with travel speed. The characterization of overtaking maneuvers from this study will aid in improving the overall effectiveness of FCW systems by providing active safety system designers with further understanding of driver action in overtaking maneuvers, thereby increasing system warning accuracy, reducing erroneous warnings, and improving driver acceptance.
Feedback for multiband stabilization of CS and CG MESFET transistors

A new feedback scheme is used to achieve multiband unconditional stability in common source (CS) and common gate (CG) GaAs MESFET configurations. This technique extends the range of operation of both CG and CS beyond what is currently available. Results based on analytical formulations together with a description of the feedback design procedures are provided. Several CS and CG stabilized transistors were monolithically fabricated and tested.
Weight Cycling and Risk of Endometrial Cancer

Background: Obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. Weight cycling, which consists of repeated cycles of weight loss followed by regain, occurs frequently in overweight and obese women. It is unclear whether weight cycling is associated with risk of endometrial cancer independent of BMI. Methods: This analysis included 38,148 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, of whom 559 were diagnosed with endometrial cancer between enrollment in 1992 and June 30, 2007. Number of lifetime weight cycles was determined from questions on the baseline questionnaire asking how many times 10 or more pounds were intentionally lost and later regained. Multivariable-adjusted hazard rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Weight cycling was positively associated with endometrial cancer incidence (RR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.63–2.78 for 10+ weight cycles vs. no weight cycles; Ptrend < 0.0001). However, after adjustment for BMI in 1992, this association was null (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.77–1.42; Ptrend = 0.82). Weight cycling was not associated with endometrial cancer in analyses stratified by BMI or by weight change after adjustment for BMI. Conclusions: After adjustment for BMI, weight cycling was not associated with the risk of endometrial cancer. Impact: These findings suggest that weight loss with subsequent regain is unlikely to increase risk of endometrial cancer. Therefore, weight loss for better health should be encouraged. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(5); 747–52. ©2012 AACR.