Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Presence of 'Leaky' Accumulation in a Human Evidence Integration Signal

A feature common across sequential sampling models is that decisions are formed by accumulating sensory information up to an action-triggering bound. Aside from this central ingredient, numerous model variants exist that invoke distinct algorithmic elements and adaptations. A key area of disagreement has been whether decisions are achieved by integrating evidence 'perfectly', without the loss of already obtained information, or whether evidence accumulation is subject to 'leak' whereby older samples of information are discarded or lost as time passes. The present study used EEG to investigate a previously identified signal of human evidence accumulation (the centro-parietal positivity; CPP) for signatures of leak. Twenty-three participants completed a continuous random dot motion task with the goal of detecting periods of coherent upward motion. Within half of these coherent targets, a brief 200ms 'gap' of incoherent motion was inserted. Preliminary analyses indicate that these evidence gaps produced substantial reaction time delays and a corresponding deceleration in the build-up of the CPP. However, initial analyses do not identify a negative CPP slope during the gap which would be diagnostic of leak. Our data do not support the role of leak in evidence accumulation.
Monitoring bei infarktbedingtem kardiogenen Schock

Monitoring in Cardiogenic Shock. The latest guidelines for the treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS) due to myocardial infarction, developed under the auspices of Prof. Werdan/ Halle by German and Austrian Societies of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, are summarized with respect to hemodynamic monitoring. The current guidelines stress the importance of adequate cardiac output (CO) to prevent subsequent (multi)organ failure and recommend measurement of CO as soon as possible during
An Enhanced MNB Based Model for Explicit and Hidden Sentiment Classification in Imbalanced Datasets

: Sentiment polarity classification (either explicit or hidden) is the process by which information can be extracted to be analysed as positive or negative opinion. Much work on supervised machine learning based sentiment classification has been done considering balanced datasets. However, due to the imbalanced nature of data distribution, sentiment classification becomes a complex task that requires investigating more efficient approach, especially for hidden sentiment. Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB) algorithm is one of the most widely used methods in this field, due to its computational efficiency and relatively good predictive performance. However, this classifier performs poorly on imbalanced datasets. In this paper, we propose transformation in MNB prior and conditional probabilities designed to handle explicit and hidden sentiment classification for imbalanced data. To support MNB, we introduce an original frequency model based on using synonym and antonym semantic relations. Our approach is empirically evaluated according to: (1) its impact on MNB training data quality for minority classes, (2) its comparison to similar works involving MNB for imbalanced datasets and (3) its comparison to commonly used classifiers for sentiment classification. The experimental results show that our model improves training data quality and therefore helps MNB boost its performance to achieve the best results for explicit and hidden imbalanced datasets.
Diagnosis of Arrhythmias and Conductive Disorders 157

The ability to diagnose basic arrhythmias and conduction disorders in infants, children, adolescents, and adults with congenital heart disease is a fundamental of pediatric and adult congenital cardiovascular medicine. This chapter provides basic knowledge regarding the physiology of cardiacconduction,practicalinformationonthediagnosisofcommonrhythm disturbances, and general instruction on the primary methods for acquisition of electrocardiographic data, including body surface electrocardiography, ambulatory monitoring, and provocative electrophysiology study. The knowledge obtained from this chapter will form a foundation for further understanding rhythm disturbances in even the most complex patients with congenital heart disease.
Taking Metaregulation to the United Nations Human Rights Treaty Regime: The Case of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

This article argues that regulatory scholarship can be harnessed to promote human rights, in this case the rights of persons with disabilities. It argues that the regulatory regime of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (the Convention) establishes a human rights metaregulatory regime. It shows that the Convention delegates all of the regulatory functions to four different actors, to the effect that no single actor has the full range of regulatory competencies. The implication of this high degree of delegation is that the Convention establishes a three&#8208;party framework whereby the interaction between the regulatee and the two regulators is mediated by an oversight body. While organically independent, each actor is functionally interdependent so that an equilibrium is established. At a time where the effectiveness of the UN human rights treaty system is under assault, this article argues that the metaregulatory regime of the CRPD provides an optimistic vision for the future of human rights treaties.
Personal authentication based on wrist and palm vein images

One of the newest promising biometrics researched today is the vein pattern recognition. However, little efforts have been invested in this direction. In this paper, two frameworks focused on a palm and wrist vein-based multimodal authentication system are proposed. For the first framework, wrist and palm traits of the same hand are fused, whilst four biometric markers are combined in the second framework using texture descriptors such as local phase quantisation (LPQ), local binary patterns (LBPs), binarised statistical image features (BSIF) and local ternary patterns (LTP). In addition, two approaches of score level fusion are applied: 1) transformation-based using sum rule, min-max rules and t-norms; 2) classifier-based via t-norms. The experimental results on publicly available dataset show that the integration of wrist and palm vein images from both left and right hand gives much improved accuracy than the fusion of two traits of one hand. The recognition rate of the proposed wrist-palm vein based multibiometric system is found to be 100%.
Ascaris lumbricoides: Una revisión de su epidemiología y su relación con otras infecciones

En esta revisión se realzan los progresos efectuados desde 2004 en el conocimiento de la epidemiología de la infección y las interacciones entre Ascaris lumbricoides y otras infecciones concomitantes. A medida que aumenta la escasez de agua se utilizan cada vez más aguas residuales no tratadas para regar cultivos, aumentando de este modo el riesgo de transmisión. Se describen métodos nuevos para detectar e inactivar los huevos de Ascaris en el agua, el suelo y los alimentos. La asociación entre la posesión de cerdos y la infección por Ascaris en el humano puede indicar una transmisión cruzada, dado que la hibridización entre las ascárides porcinos y las ascárides humanos se produce más frecuentemente de lo que antes se creía. Los análisis geoespaciales han pronosticado con éxito los niveles de infección, tanto a nivel regional (basándose en índices de vegetación y en temperatura y humedad) como a nivel intracomunitario (basándose en factores sociales y ambientales). La interpretación de las respuestas de anticuerpos y citocinas a Ascaris está empezando a aclararse a medida que los investigadores identifican el papel del tipo de antígeno, la edad, la historia de Ascaris y otras infecciones. Se explora el considerable interés despertado por las interacciones entre Ascaris y otras infecciones (helmintos, paludismo, VIH, tuberculosis) y la alergia. Se discute el impacto de la infección concomitante sobre el diseño de las estrategias de control, incluyendo los beneficios derivados de tratamientos de combinación y las pruebas a favor de que los nemátodos intestinales deterioran la eficacia de las vacunas en la infancia. Por último se identifican ámbitos recomendados para la investigación futura.
Effect of Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver on Peak Expiratory Flow, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second and Pain During Forced Expiratory Pulmonary Function Test in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) on peak exploratory flow (PEF), forced exploratory volume in 1 second (), and low back pain during forced expiration. Twenty-two subjects (14 subjects in experimental group, 8 subjects in control group) participated in this study. The stabilizer was used for ADIM training for five consecutive days. Vitalograph PEF/ DIARY and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to determine forced expiratory pulmonary function and low back pain, respectively. Independent t-test and analysis of covariance were used for statistical analysis with a significance level of . 05. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) There were no significant differences of ADIM effect on PEF and between experimental group and control group. 2) There was a significant pain reduction in experimental group with ADIM. 3) PEF and increased significantly in the fifth day compared with the first day pre-exercise baseline. Therefore, it is concluded that ADIM was effective in improving PEF and , and reducing VAS during forced expiration in patients with chronic low back pain.
Analisis Kelayakan Bisnis Usaha Teh Papua (Vernonia amygdalina)

Various kinds of tea can be used as food and anti-diabetic medicine. One of plants that can be used as medicinal subtancesis Teh Papua ( Vernonia amygdalina ). Teh Papua, as become one of the local wisdom in Papua, has been used for generations to medicate malaria epidemic and blood sugar disease. Hence, good bussiness planning review will be needed to develop this potential plant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of small Teh Papua industry. Descriptive research method was used in this research. Data are collected by observation, survey, and depth-interview with the bussiness actor. Aspects observed in this studyare aspects of market, marketing, technical and technological, organiza-tional and also management. Measurement of financial aspectfeasibility in this study is using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C ), and Payback Period (PP). The result shows commercial financial analysis of Teh Papua indicates a positive NPV value of Rp. 316 068 835, IRR value of 45.17%, net value B/C of 2.48 and Payback Period of 17% and 27% depreciation.
Does e-commerce facilitate or complicate SMEs' internationalisation?

El efecto de la revolución digital ha sido escasamente abordado en la internacionalización de las PYME. Este artículo muestra que solo unas pocas empresas italianas en los sectores de la alimentación y la moda utilizan el comercio electrónico para la internacionalización. Las barreras son tanto tradicionales -los costes asociados a la logística y la adaptación a diferentes culturas- como las asociadas con el desconocimiento de los mercados digitales extranjeros, los requisitos legales para el comercio electrónico y el desconocimiento de los canales digitales o de los sistemas de pago en línea.
Survival and growth characteristics of bacteria in irradiated meat

Several key factors wee investigated in order to improve the safety of foods and to better understand the survival of microorganisms when exposed to stress. Pork patties were irradiated at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2KGy, and stored at 0°C. The shelf life of these irradiated pork patties (aerobically packaged and vacuum packaged; fresh and temperature abused) were studied and predictive models were developed based on generation time and lag phase extension. Next, the physiological response of Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 to media composition and pH was investigated by studying the changes in the cell membrane fatty acids, cell surface charge and ability to attach to beef tissue. Three different media, nutrient broth, tryptic soy broth and tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract and 0.1% pyruvate at pH 5.0,6.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0 were studied. Media-dependent responses of S. typhimurium revealed a more diverse fatty acid profile when grown in nutrient broth and qualitative differences were observed in the presence of C 18:1 and C 18:2 with lower pH. Scanningand transmission-electron microscopy revealed morphological changes in viable cells grown at pH 5.0 and 9.0. Quantitative estimations of microbial populations in a food product are fundamental to assessing microbial quality of that food product, hi this study we have used flow cytometer to rapidly estimate numbers of fluorescently stained microorganism and to identify injured sub populations. In order to identify a suitable fluorescent stain, we evaluated rhodamine 123, carboxy fluorescein diacetate, fluorescein diacetate, propidium iodide, and a commercially available stain, 5acLight viability kit. Escherichia coli, Staphyloccus aureus and Listeria innocua were exposed to heat, acid, irradiation and starvation and stained with these dyes. Among the dyes studied, BacLight viability kit gave positive results in certain cases and it appears that viability staining with these vital stains was dependent upon the type of stress undergone by bacteria and may not be suitable for all kind of stresses. Finally, a simple column filtration using sand particles was developed to clarify meat homogenate suitable enough to quantify bacterial population in spoiling pork patties, using flow cytometry. By this method, bacterial cells in meat suspensions were stained with 5acLight viability kit and were quantified rapidly.
ESSAYS ON INVESTMENTS

OF DISSERTATION ESSAYS ON INVESTMENTS The first chapter studies mutual funds. I model intraquarter trading and use a genetic algorithm to estimate the trade pattern that is most consistent with the fund’s daily reported returns. I validate the model empirically on a sample of institutional trades from Ancerno and I confirm that the method more accurately predicts daily holdings when compared to existing näıve assumptions. Further, my method is substantially more accurate in classifying a fund’s tendency to supply liquidity, and this increased precision has important implications for identifying superior performing funds. Specifically, a long-short strategy based on the model’s liquidity provision measures earns significant abnormal returns, while a similar strategy that relies on quarterly holdings does not exhibit any outperformance. The second chapter studies investment research. We find evidence that crowdsourced investment research facilitates informed trading by retail investors and improves firm liquidity. Specifically, retail order imbalances are strongly correlated with the sentiment of Seeking Alpha articles, and the ability of retail order imbalances to predict returns is roughly twice as large on research article days. In addition, firms with exogenous reductions in Seeking Alpha coverage experience increases in bid-ask spreads and price impact, with the effect being stronger for firms with high retail ownership. Our findings suggest that technological innovations have helped democratize access to investment research with important implications for firm liquidity.
Paradoja de la obesidad y recuperación funcional en sobrevivientes a un primer infarto cerebral: estudio PREMIER

Introduccion. Se denomina `paradoja de la obesidad´ al descenso del riesgo de muerte por enfermedad cardiovascular, con un indice de masa corporal (IMC) alto, aun cuando este es un factor de riesgo para vasculopatia. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la influencia de la obesidad en la recuperacion funcional que sigue a un ictus isquemico. Pacientes y metodos. Analizamos 510 pacientes con un primer infarto cerebral, sin historia de ictus y sin recurrencia o muerte en 12 meses de seguimiento. A 501 sujetos sanos se les evaluo mediante bioimpedancia tetrapolar, para comparar el indice cintura/talla (ICT), perimetro abdominal e IMC en la discriminacion de adiposidad, para aplicarlos a pacientes con ictus. Resultados. En individuos sanos, el ICT se desempeno notablemente mejor que el IMC o el perimetro abdominal para identificar adiposidad corporal. En un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox ajustado por multiples covariables, la edad (riesgo relativo, RR = 1,11; intervalo de confianza del 95%, IC 95% = 1,08-1,14), puntuacion de la National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (RR = 1,03; IC 95% = 1,01-1,05) e ICT > 70 (RR = 2,44; IC 95% = 1,33-4,48) se asociaron a mayor riesgo de alcanzar una puntuacion mayor o igual a 3 en la escala de Rankin modificada a los 12 meses, mientras que un IMC > 35 (RR = 0,33; IC 95% = 0,11-0,98) fue protector. Conclusion. El exceso de adiposidad, segun el ICT, aumenta la probabilidad de discapacidad grave despues del ictus. Dado que el IMC refleja tambien masa magra, es arriesgado concluir que existe un efecto protector de la obesidad en la recuperacion del ictus, pero es posible que cierta masa corporal sea necesaria para prevenir una discapacidad grave.
Gestion de l'intubation, de l'extubation et de ses complications

Eviter la reintubation implique une bonne definition des criteres d'extubation decoulant d'une analyse critique des criteres de sevrage, des auto-extubations (facteurs de risque ? evolution ? ) ainsi que des echecs de l'extubation programmee. Dans ce but, il est important de preciser les interactions entre la ventilation spontanee et la sonde d'intubation ainsi que les interactions entre la sonde d'intubation et les structures anatomiques adjacentes (physiopathologie). Le praticien devra aussi connaitre les complications de l'extubation, qu'elles soient precoces (laryngees liees a la sonde ou pulmonaires) et/ou tardives (tracheales liees 1 au ballonnet) afin d'anticiper celles-ci durant la periode d'intubation et apres extubation.
Nursing professional practice – an evolutionary concept analysis

Supervisory Committee Dr. Noreen Frisch, (School of Nursing) Supervisor Dr. Anastasia Mallidou, (School of Nursing) Departmental Member Dr. Barbara Mildon, (University of Victoria, School of Graduate Studies Affiliate) Additional Member The aim of this project is to explore the concept of nursing professional practice from an ontological view and illustrate the significance of the concept from a disciplinary, practice, and ethical perspective through an evolutionary concept analysis (Rodgers, 2000). Through the process of evolutionary concept analysis, the uses of the concept of nursing professional practice (e.g. conceptual models, practice environment elements, and individual deportment) will be described, the twelve attributes of nursing professional practice from a Canadian context identified, and its definition articulated as a foundation for further inquiry (Rodgers, 2000). An exemplar for nursing professional practice will be illustrated based on the concept attributes identified as an outcome of the analysis. The implications suggested by the findings of the concept analysis for nursing practice – policy, administration, clinical practice, education, and research will be identified.
Laparoscopic resection of 13 ovarian teratomas and a simple cyst in the same patient: a case report

* Ginecólogo endoscopista, Unidad de Cirugía Endoscópica Ginecológica, Clínica del Prado. Profesor de Endoscopia Ginecológica CES. Medellín, Colombia. Correo electrónico: cristidelos@une.net. co ** Fellow en Endoscopia Ginecológica CES (Medellín, Colombia). *** Residente II de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (Medellín, Colombia). **** Patólogo, Unidad de Patología, Clínica del Prado (Medellín, Colombia). Resumen Se describe el caso de una mujer que consultó por dolor pélvico. Tenía una ecografía transvaginal que reportaba teratomas bilaterales de ovario. Fue llevada a cirugía laparoscópica durante la cual se extirparon 7 teratomas y 1 quiste folicular simple del ovario derecho y se realizó salpingooforectomía izquierda, encontrando 6 teratomas intraováricos. Los objetivos de esta publicación son reportar un caso atípico de múltiples lesiones ováricas sincrónicas y discutir algunos aspectos controversiales del manejo de los teratomas por laparoscopia. Palabras clave: teratoma ovárico, múltiple, laparoscopia, bilateral.
US Defense Politics: The Origins of Security Policy

Preface Part 1: Introduction A Short History. Enduring Questions Part 2: America's Security Strategy American Power. Dilemmas of American Grand Strategy. Post-Cold War Grand Strategy Alternatives. Constraints on American Security Policy. The American Way of Warfare Part 3: Who Fights America's Wars? The Different Systems. The Guard and Reserves. Who Volunteers Unanticipated Consequences of the AVF. Socializing the Force Part 4: The Military and National Politics Not Above Politics Anymore. Soldiers' Personal Politics. Partisan National Security Policy? Resisting Control. The Goldwater-Nichols Reform. Civilians Push Back. Controlling Professionals Part 5: The Political Economy of Defense The Defense Budget. Replacing Public Arsenals with Private Firms. How Private Arsenals Work. A Cyclical Business. Regulation, Not Industrial Policy. The Strangest of Customers Part 6: The Weapons Acquisition Process The Weapons Acquisition Scorecard. Two Types of Uncertainty. Seeking Reform. Making It Worse. Making It Work Part 7: Managing Defense Management under Constraints. Managing To Do What? Robert Strange McNamara. Donald Rumsfeld. Managing the Un-Manageable Part 8: Service Politics The U.S. Marine Corps. The U.S. Army. The U.S. Navy. The U.S. Air Force. The U.S. Special Operations Command. Jointness Part 9: Congress, Special Interests, and the President Little Interest in Oversight. Super-Special Interests as "Cargo Cults". Presidents React to Opportunities. The Politics of National Security Policymaking Part 10: Homeland Security Recognizing Threats to the Homeland. Don't Just Stand There, Reorganize! More Planning, Please. Rise of the First Responders. WMD Part 11: Preparing for the Next War Markets versus Planning. Public versus Private. Experts versus Politics. Centralization versus Decentralization. Hail Confusion and Indecision. Glossary