Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for neonatal screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism

Progress obtained in the field of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening since the first guidelines were published in 1993 (1), and experience of treatment with higher doses of LT4 prompted us to modify those guidelines in order to standardize screening and diagnostic procedures at a European level. These new guidelines pave the way for a uniform approach to early diagnosis and treatment of CH and help in meeting the economic and epidemiological requirements of screening.
Cryptanalysis of Knapsack Ciphers Using Genetic Algorithms

This paper is the second in a series of papers which examine a new method of cryptanalysis. This work focuses on the cryptanalysis of a knapsack cipher. It is based on the application of a directed random search algorithm called a genetic algorithm. It is shown that such a algorithm could be used to easily compromise even high density knapsack ciphers.
PSA-based vaccines for the treatment of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the USA. Vaccine strategies represent a novel therapeutic approach. One potential target for a prostate cancer vaccine is prostate-specific antigen, owing to its restricted expression in prostate cancer and normal prostatic epithelial cells. A number of prostate-specific antigen-specific epitopes have been identified that can activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes and, in turn, result in the killing of tumor targets by the peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Strategies employed in clinical trials consist of dendritic cell vaccines, recombinant protein and recombinant DNA vaccines, as well as viral vector delivery of vaccines. New approaches incorporating a combination of a vaccine with traditional treatments for prostate cancer are also being investigated.
Chapter 2 Assistive Technology for People with Acquired Brain Injury

Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health [NIH] 2013). It has been reported that over 10 million people incur an ABI yearly across the globe (Bragge et al. 2012) and can cost the United States up to $60 billion annually (Finkelstein et al. 2006). According to the NIH (2013), there are over 5 million people living with ABI in the United States today who require continuous support and assistance in completing daily tasks, particularly in the areas of cognition, physical mobility, adaptive behaviors, and engagement in socially appropriate behavior (Flanagan et al. 2008). These deficits can negatively impact the individual’s social relationships, educational gains, employability, and community life (Ross et al. 2011). ABI refers to damage to the brain after birth resulting in impairments in typical functioning (Fletcher et al. 1990). Causes of ABI can include infection, substance abuse, or loss of oxygen to the brain, as in the case of a stroke (US Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Disease Control [CDC] 2010). Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of acquired brain injury. TBI refers to an external injury to the brain and can be classified into two subgroups: closed head injury and penetrating head injury. A closed head injury occurs when an object suddenly and forcefully comes into contact with the
Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds: design, clinical trials, and current applications

In recent years, bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) have been introduced into clinical practice. The main advantage of BVS is that they overcome the problem of the foreign body in the treated artery. BVS, once placed into narrowed coronary vessels, behave like a conventional drug-eluting stent, but a device that disappears over time can preserve the anatomy and physiology of the treated vessel. The progression of stenosis after stenting has been attributed, at least in part, to inflammation around metallic struts, that, however, disappears gradually when using BVS. BVS have proven to be effective and safe as drug-eluting stents; in fact, the rate of adverse cardiovascular events and scaffold thrombosis in patients is low. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive and updated description of the status of the art on BVS, highlighting the current evidence and future perspectives of this technology.
Naming Multiple Objects: Neural Correlates as Measured by Positron Emission Tomography

The aim of this study was to examine the neural substrates of multiobject naming by positron emission tomography in normals. Multiobject naming is used in a technique called contextual priming (CP) to elicit contextual effects on picture naming through systematic manipulation of the relatedness of to-be-named pictures in an array. Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of CP on naming have been used both to highlight the inner dynamics of the normal word retrieval system and to treat naming difficulties caused by acquired anomia. Because of the complexity of the CP technique, it is unclear whether it merely reflects lexical retrieval or whether it also recruits general cognitive resources such as attentional control and response selection to a significant degree. When compared with a baseline situation in which colored circles were named, multiobject naming elicited increased blood flow in the occipital lobe and in the left inferior temporal and fusiform gyri. These areas have been related to visual pattern recognition and semantic access, and the pattern of activation is in line with previous functional imaging studies on single picture naming. In conclusion, multiobject naming does not appear to activate brain regions beyond those needed for single object naming. These findings thus provide independent evidence for the claim that CP is a valid paradigm for the study of word production proper.
A CPW-fed antenna on 3D printed EBG substrate

This paper proposes a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna and electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure on 3D printed substrates. Low-cost fuse filament fabrication (FFF) technology is employed. Two sets of experiments are described. In the first, the antenna and EBG patterns are etched on copper clad Mylar® polyester film and attached to the 3D printed substrates. In the second, the patterns of the EBG are added using silver conductive paint. Both experiments compare very well between them, and with the simulations. The EBG structure provides improved antenna performance such as gain, efficiency and directivity. The antenna and EBG are designed for the 2.4 GHz Bluetooth frequency band. The Finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) computational method was used for the study.
Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia

Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health problems in Ethiopia. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many alterable factors known to affect the treatment adherence. In this regard, there have been very limited researches particularly in Adama. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the adherence level and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care in Adama Hospital Medical College. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2016 - January 30, 2017 G. C in Adama Hospital Medical College among 190 PLWHA on ART. Systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing the clients and review of their medical records using structured questionnaire and checklist. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Descriptive statics was used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of adherence in the week before interview was 92.6. Patients whose initial ART regimen was TDF-3TC-NVP, were 8 times (COR=8.444 (1.678, 42.501)), chance of 30 minutes were 8 times (AOR=8.019 (1.161, 55.390)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group. The level of adherence to ART was relatively higher when compared to others studies done in Ethiopia and other developing countries. But it was sub optimal to WHO adherence level (≥ 95%). The major reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness, away from home (travel) and lack of awareness. The level of adherence was significantly associated with variables like history of opportunistic infection, longer waiting time and starting treatment with TDF-3TC-NVP. This implicates further effort are still needed to push up the adherence to the level of WHO recommendation.
A theoretic stochastic dynamic control approach for the lending rate policy

Normally, different financial institutions, i.e. banks, offer a variety of loans with different lending rates, according to a basic interest rate and the experience of the repayment patterns. In this paper, we construct and present a theoretic linear stochastic control model in order to evaluate the associated credit risk and obtain the optimal strategy for the determination of the level of the lending interest rates by optimizing the accumulated profit. Each sub-portfolio of loans is treated separately during a unit interval while at the end of the each time period there is some kind of solvency interaction. We assume that the repayment pattern follows a Brownian motion and using advanced optimization techniques, the optimal solutions are derived.
Life-Span Age Differences in Visual Perception

16 perceptual measures were administered to 20 males at each of 5 age levels. Analyses of variance indicated significant age differences on 13 of the 16 variables. The young (10–13 yr.) and old (60–83 yr.) age groups performed at a lower level than the other groups on 12 of the 13 variables.
Fetal urine and amniotic fluid in monochorionic twins with twin-twin transfusion syndrome: simulations of therapy.

OBJECTIVE Therapy for twin-twin transfusion syndrome includes amnioreduction, septostomy, and laser ablation, but there is no accepted standard of care. Mechanisms for the reported improvement in survival are incompletely understood. We sought to model the mechanisms and predict the response of varying severities of twin-twin transfusion syndrome and placental angioarchitectures to current therapies to determine optimal clinical interventions. STUDY DESIGN We used our mathematic model of twin-twin transfusion syndrome that predicts fetal and amniotic fluid abnormalities that are related to the placental angioarchitecture. Amnioreduction was modeled as reduction in amniotic fluid volume; septostomy was modeled as the merging of donor and recipient amniotic fluid, and laser ablation was modeled as the cessation of all placental anastomotic blood flows. RESULTS Amnioreduction reduces amniotic fluid pressure, which improves transplacental fluid flow from mother to fetus and increases both donor and recipient blood volume. However, net arteriovenous transfusion increases, because of increased donor arterial pressure, which negates, in part, the benefit of amnioreduction. Septostomy allows amniotic fluid to be swallowed by the donor, with minimal effects on donor growth and blood volume. Laser ablation eliminates anastomotic exchange of blood and reduces discordant fetal growth. CONCLUSION Amnioreduction may be effective in milder twin-twin transfusion syndrome pregnancies but ineffective in severe cases. Septostomy is unlikely to offer significant therapeutic efficacy. Laser ablation is equally effective in mild and severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome but has a higher spontaneous abortion rate than amnioreduction. The model indicates improved outcomes with the use of amnioreduction in mild twin-twin transfusion syndrome cases and with laser ablation in severe cases.
Title Wave: The Diffusion of the CEO Title throughout the US Corporate Network

In 1955 only one of the 200 largest industrial corporations in the United States used the title Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to denote its chief executive. By 1975 all but one of these firms had a CEO. This innovation can not reasonably be argued to either have been the result of strategic considerations, nor to have had a measurable effect on firm performance; in fact, it is probably most accurately described as a fad. But as such, it provides us with a near-perfect test of contagion via cohesion, contagion via structural equivalence models, and other explanations of diffusion. Relying primarily . upon corporate director interlock data for the period 1955-75, we test these explanations and draw conclusions about both the spread of the innovation through the intercorporate network as well as diffusion research in general.
Enhanced roughness index for breast cancer benign/malignant measurement using Gaussian mixture model

Morphologic appearance plays a substantial role in presenting mass lesion in breast imaging. In this paper, we propose an innovative shape irregularity measurement based on roughness index - Enhance Roughness Index (ERI). This new irregularity measurement is taken as an input to Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifier. By analyzing the similarity through comparing GMM parameters for the input breast tumor image and training benign/malignant cases, a breast tumor image can be efficiently classified into benign or malignant case. This tumor ERI shape irregularity measurement is an effective and critical factor as a benign/malignant classifier for diagnosing breast cancer. The extensive experiments show this shape irregularity measurement can obtain decent performance in the breast tumor image classification.
Semantic dysfunction in women with schizotypal personality disorder.

OBJECTIVE This study examined whether early or late processes in semantic networks were abnormal in women with a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder. The N400 component of the EEG event-related potentials was used as a probe of semantic processes. METHOD Word pairs were presented with short and long stimulus-onset asynchronies to investigate, respectively, early and late semantic processes in 16 women with schizotypal personality disorder and 15 normal female comparison subjects. Event-related potentials were recorded in response to the last words in a pair. RESULTS With the short stimulus-onset asynchrony, the N400 amplitude was less negative in the schizotypal personality disorder group than in the normal comparison group. No group differences were found with the long stimulus-onset asynchrony. CONCLUSIONS The finding of a less negative than normal N400 amplitude with the short stimulus-onset asynchrony in women with schizotypal personality disorder supports the hypothesis that persons with this disorder evince an overactivation of semantic networks. The absence of group differences with the long stimulus-onset asynchrony, which is primarily sensitive to processes involved in context integration, suggests that in this group of schizotypal personality disorder subjects, additional demands on working memory may be necessary to bring out the semantic dysfunction.
Influence of electric fields on the excitability of granule cells in guinea‐pig hippocampal slices.

1. Monosynaptic evoked potentials were recorded from the granule cell layer of slices of guinea‐pig hippocampus maintained in vitro. Current pulses of 25‐250 msec duration were passed across the slices, between gross electrodes in the bathing liquid. 2. Polarizing current modified the excitability of the granule cells as judged by changes in their population discharge during postsynaptic responses. All durations of polarization had at least qualitatively similar effects. Conventional current from dendrites to cell bodies increased excitability (and vice versa). This is consistent with altered membrane potential of a spike trigger zone, at or close to the granule cell bodies, imposed by the fraction of polarizing current which flows intracellularly. 3. In some experiments polarization also affected the presynaptic volley and (hence? ) the synaptic potential. When this occurred it was in the wrong sense to explain the concomitant changes in population spike. 4. Focal polarization, where currents were applied across the cell body layer between a small electrode on the mid or outer dendritic regions and a remote gross electrode, altered granule cell excitability in the same direction as in (2). Thus conventional current injected at the dendritic electrode increased excitability. 5. The smallest effect polarizing currents caused extracellular voltage gradients of 5‐10 mV/mm, which is less than occurs in this tissue during synchronous activation of the neurons or during seizure activity. Therefore such field potentials could increased the synchrony of discharge of the granule cells.
Selecting the appropriate organizational design for the modern global firm: interaction among product design, environment, and technology

The structure of the global enterprise has altered dramatically over the past two decades (1979-99), due to the changing balance among market conditions, product characteristics, and information technology. In consequence the location of control and the control structures adopted by global firms have changed as well. Firms must choose the appropriate set of organizational designs based upon these interactions, where designs will reflect choices on the allocation of decision rights, the design of incentive structures, and the information infrastructure needed to support them.
Handbook of individual differences, learning, and instruction.

New updated! The latest book from a very famous author finally comes out. Book of handbook of individual differences learning and instruction, as an amazing reference becomes what you need to get. What's for is this book? Are you still thinking for what the book is? Well, this is what you probably will get. You should have made proper choices for your better life. Book, as a source that may involve the facts, opinion, literature, religion, and many others are the great friends to join with.
Determinants of Trade Union Membership

A large number of potential determinants of union membership, which often can be interpreted in terms of costs and benefits, have been incorporated into economists' traditional supply and demand framework or into new models of an individual's decision to unionise (such as social custom theory). A review of the international empirical evidence shows that business cycle factors and structural developments are important macro-determinants, whereas micro-determinants include personal, occupational and firm characteristics, earnings, attitudes and social variables. In addition, institutional determinants such as a union-affiliated unemployment insurance play a role. What is often missing, however, are attempts to integrate macro- and micro-level findings and cyclical, structural and institutional explanations of unionisation.
Co-circulation of multiple subtypes of enterovirus A71 (EV- A71) genotype C, including novel recombinants characterised by use of whole genome sequencing (WGS), Denmark 2016

In Europe, enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) has primarily been associated with sporadic cases of neurological disease. The recent emergence of new genotypes and larger outbreaks with severely ill patients demonstrates a potential for the spread of new, highly pathogenic EV-A71 strains. Detection and characterisation of these new emerging EV variants is challenging as standard EV assays may not be adequate, necessitating the use of whole genome analysis.
Gain dynamics and ultrafast spectral hole burning in In(Ga)As self-organized quantum dots

Using a femtosecond three-pulse pump-probe technique, we investigated spectral hole-burning and gain recovery dynamics in self-organized In(Ga)As quantum dots. The spectral hole dynamics are qualitatively different from those observed in quantum wells, and allow us to distinguish unambiguously the gain recovery due to intradot relaxation and that due to carrier capture. The gain recovery due to carrier–carrier scattering-dominated intradot relaxation is very fast (∼130 fs), indicating that this is not the factor limiting the bandwidth of directly modulated quantum dot lasers.
Injury of Peripheral Muscles in Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Muscle injury has clinical relevance in diseased individuals because it is associated with muscle dysfunction in terms of decreased strength and/or endurance. This study was aimed at answering three questions: whether the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with peripheral muscle injury; whether muscle injury is associated with some of the relevant functional impairment in the muscles; and whether muscle injury can be solely justified by deconditioning. Twenty-one male COPD patients were eligible for the study. Seven healthy volunteers recruited from the general population were included as controls. Function of the quadriceps muscle was assessed through specific single-leg exercise (strength and endurance). Cellular (light microscopy) and subcellular (electron microscopy) techniques were used to evaluate muscle injury on biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle. Signs of injury were found in muscles from both control and COPD patients, not only in cases showing severe airflow obstruction but also in the mild or moderate stages of the disease. Current smoking and presence of COPD were significantly associated with increased injury of the muscle as assessed by light and electron microscopy techniques. The authors conclude that peripheral muscle injury is evident in mild, moderate, and severe stages of COPD even in the absence of respiratory failure, hypercapnia, chronic steroid treatment, low body weight, or some coexisting disease. These findings support the theory that systemic factors with deleterious effect are acting on peripheral muscles of smokers with COPD, increasing the susceptibility of the muscle fibers to membrane and sarcomere injury.