Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Dynamics and Land use Effect on Soil Microarthropod Communities in the Northern Indian State of Uttar Pradesh ( India ) .

The study addressed the influence of seasons and land use on soil microarthropod communities. Soil microarthropods were grouped into four categories i.e. Pterygote, Apterygote Acari and other Nematodes. The densities of total microarthropod, Collembola, and Acari were highly significant with seasons. Highest average densities of Collembola (70%), Acari (60%), and other microarthropods (58%) were observed in the grassland as compared to teak plantation. Pearson’s correlation indicated that microarthropod population was negatively correlated with soil temperature and pH. Seasons had greater influence on biological indicators than the land use change. This research indicated that soil microarthropods appear to be consistent and potentially a good indicator for assessing the impact of land use practice and seasons on soil quality.
Acquisition of Tone Sandhis by English Speaking Learners of Chinese

This study examines the acquisition of five Chinese tone sandhis, including Yi, Bu, T2, Half-T3, and T3 Sandhis by English speaking learners of Chinese. Fifty-three college students from different levels of Chinese classes participated in this study. Investigation results show different acquisition patterns for the various sandhi processes and learner levels, revealing thereby multiple factors at play in L2 learners’ acquisition of the tone sandhis: the instruction factor, phonetic motivation, learning effect, inherent intra-lingual factor, and interference from English intonation. This study provides valuable implications for L2 Chinese pedagogy as well as Second Language Acquisition in general and also presents new evidence for the understanding of the long debated nature of Chinese Tone 3 from the perspective of L2 Chinese acquisition.
Evaluating Camera-based Methods for Mobile Markerless Fingertip Detection

Due to the limited traditional input possibilities of mobile devices, camera-spotted hand and finger gestures are a novel promising interaction technique for today’s smartphones. In this paper, we investigate suitable visual fingertip detection approaches for real-time execution on state-of-the-art mobile devices. We present fully functional prototypes utilizing two skin color detection approaches and two fingertip locating methods based on the detected skin regions. Further, we report on a detailed evaluation regarding the robustness and performance of the introduced methods under varying illumination and background conditions. The evaluation gives promising results for the applicability of the presented approaches for both indoor and outdoor scenarios.
Heavy Metal Toxicity to Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganism and Host Legumes 2

Legume species of the flowering family Fabaceae are well known for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and enhance nitrogen pool of soil, leading to increase in crop especially legumes both in conventional or derelict soils. The interaction between Rhizobia and legumes provides nutrients to plants, increases soil fertility, facilitates plant growth and restores deranged/damaged ecosystem. These characteristics together make legume extremely interesting crop for evaluating the effect of heavy metals. Environmental pollutants like heavy metals at lower concentrations are required for various metabolic activities of microbes including Rhizobia and legume crops. The excessive metal concentrations on the other hand cause undeniable damage to Rhizobia, legumes and their symbiosis. Currently, little is, however, known about how free-living Rhizobia or the legume–Rhizobium symbiosis is affected by varying metal concentration. We focus here that how the nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria, the “rhizobia,” increase plant growth and highlight gaps in existing knowledge to understand the mechanistic basis of how different metals affect rhizobia–legume symbiosis which is likely to help to manage legume cultivation in metal contaminated locations.
Coastal Land-loss Associated With Sea-level Rise Assessed by Aerial Videotape-Assisted Vulnerability Analysis-the Case of Mainland Portugal

Climate change is at present affecting important sectors of our society and there is objective evidence that changes in climate, especially increases in temperature, are affecting a great variety of physical and biological systems in many parts of the world ( , 2002). It has become widely recognized that human activity, through both the emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and dramatic changes in land use, is the main contributor to the recent climate change (IPCC, 2001). The globally averaged surface temperatures have increased by 0.6 0.2oC during the 20 century and this warming has contributed significantly to the observed sea-level rise (IPCC, 2001). In addition, the scale of losses from weather related disasters since the 1990's has been remarkable if not unprecedented ( ., 1999). This encouraged climatologists, earth scientists, policy-makers and insurance companies to join efforts in understanding the full effects of climate change and in evaluating potential impacts and practicable response strategies in the future. Portugal is likely to experience significant impacts of climate change and this fact has been recognized at governmental level in the Portuguese Programme for Climate Change (PNAC, 2001) and in documents produced by the National Council for Environment and Sustainable Development (CNADS, 2001). However, the general existing awareness on impacts of climate change and, in particular, on effects upon the coast, is in clear contrast with the lack of rigorous and multidisciplinary research on these subjects. In fact, besides the comprehensive work of F (in press) only very limited contributions can be found in the literature focusing on driving mechanisms and possible effects of climate change in coastal systems. In this context a group of scientists coming from different areas of research produced the first multidisciplinary and integrated assessment of climate change impacts and adaptation measures, using GCM-derived scenarios, on strategic sectors in Portugal (water resources, coastal zones, agriculture, human health, energy, fisheries, forests and biodiversity) under the auspices of the SIAM project ( , 2002). Future sea-level rise is expected to depart from the 20 century observed rates of 1.5 mmyr and to increase nonlinearly especially in the last quarter of the 21 century (IPCC, 2001). Flood damage will probably increase in the same time horizon due to increasing storminess and decreasing return period of extreme surges. Given the starved character of large sections of the SANTOS
Components of Statistical Thinking and Implications for Instruction and Assessment

This paper focuses on a third arm of statistical development: statistical thinking. After surveying recent definitions of statistical thinking, implications for teaching beginning students (including non-majors) are discussed. Several suggestions are given for direct instruction aimed at developing “habits of mind” for statistical thinking in students. The paper concludes with suggestions for assessing students' ability to think statistically. While these suggestions are primarily aimed at non-majors, many statistics majors would also benefit from further development of these ideas in their undergraduate education.
Hand Gesture Recognition for Computer-Vision Technology

In Computer Vision technologyhand gesture recognition used for interacting with computer it will recognize the hand gesture according to a different vision-based algorithm.Computer vision techniques to extend commonly used interaction. ]The user interacts with a virtual plane that rests in between the user and the display. On this plane, hands gestures are tracked and sequences of gestures are recognized and according to that gesture it will perform the mouse operation. It can be implemented using a single camera like webcam or Laptop. In Our method focus is on skin color detection and speed up the performance of hand gesture recognitionand for that we use ROI (region of Interest) for skin color, and using color modal we can detect skin color hand gesture. KeywordsComputer Vision, Gesture Recognition, Human Computer Interface(HCI).
EULERIAN LAGRANGIAN MARKER AND MICRO CELL NUMERICAL SIMULATION METHOD FOR FREE SURFACE FLOWS

This paper presents a numerical method for simulation of liquids with free surface. The method is named Eulerian-Lagrangian Marker and Micro Cell (ELMMC). The new method is capable of simulating both transient and pseudo steady state problems that involve wave breaking, impact between fluid fronts, and impact between free surface and solid boundaries. Several aspects of the ELMMC method are presented in detail, including the treatment of the advection of the free surface, the estimation of tentative and final velocity fields, and the computation of the pressure field. The capabilities of the new method are demonstrated by simulating two representative problems, namely, the classic breaking dam problem and a cavity-filling problem.
Efficient 8x8 Multiplier Based On Gate Diffusion Input Technique

Power consumption has become a critical concern in today’s VLSI system design. The growing market for fast DSP and multi-core processors has created a demand for low power, area efficient multipliers. A Wallace tree multiplier is an improved version of tree based multiplier architecture. It uses carry save addition algorithm to reduce the latency. This paper aims at additional reduction of power and area using compressors based on Gate Diffusion Input Technique. Full adder designed by GDI technique use only 10 transistors and it is used in compressors. In this paper Wallace tree is constructed using 4:3 and 5:2 compressors. Therefore, minimizing the transistor count make it low power and area efficient.
Structuring process and design for future mobile communication devices [general session keynote address]

Summary form only given, as follows. The density and speed of sub-50nm CMOS technology enables the design of multi-functional SoCs for highly integrated, mobile, communication devices. At the same time, process variations, power issues and complexity of scope are challenging even the most advanced simulation capabilities. The growing design complexity is addressed by rapidly improving modeling of systematic manufacturing variations and design sensitivities. Physical design is becoming more structured to allow for process optimized design rules and efficient automation. While challenges remain in the scaling and optimization of analog and I/O functions, highly integrated, mobile communication devices are a major driving force for continued economies of scaling.
Research on e-mail communication network evolution model based on user information propagation

E-mail communication network evolution model based on user information propagation is studied. First, mathematical representation of weighted e-mail communication network is proposed, and network center parameters of Enron dataset and the distribution of node degree and strength are analyzed. Then, some rules of e-mail communication network evolution are found. Second, the model of e-mail information propagation is described, and e-mail communication network evolution model based on user information propagation is proposed. Lastly, the simulation proves the correctness of the distribution characteristic of degree and strength of the model proposed and then verifies that the model proposed is closer to the real situation of e-mail communication network through parameter comparison. This research provides the basis for other researches on social network evolution and data communication.
Inter-Observer and Intra-Observer Ergonomics Measurement Method Reliability Test

1 Inter-Observer and Intra-Observer Ergonomics Measurement Method Reliability Test Ezrin Hani Sukadarin , Baba Md Deros, Jaharah A.Ghani, Ahmad Rasdan Ismail, Nur Syazwani Mohd Nawi a Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, MALAYSIA; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, MALAYSIA; Faculty of Creative Technology & Heritage, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, MALAYSIA
Protein Requirements in Infancy

Adults need nutrients to replace inevitable losses. Infants also need nutrients to replace inevitable losses, but in addition, infants need nutrients for growth. In the case of protein, the needs of the infant for growth are large relative to total needs. Fomon (1) estimated that during the first month of life, as much as 52% of the total protein requirement is needed for growth, and Dewey et al. (2) provided an even higher estimate (64%). As the rate of growth slows with increasing age, the amount of protein needed for growth also decreases, and with it the proportion of protein requirement accounted for by growth. By age 9-12 months, the proportion reaches 18% of total protein requirement. The rapid change of requirements with increasing age explains why defining protein requirements of infants has been such a difficult task (3). The requirement for a nutrient is defined as the minimal amount that satisfies the needs of an individual. Because individuals differ in their requirements, groups of individuals have a range of requirements. This is particularly true for infants, who show considerable interindividual and gender-related differences in rate of growth. It is, however, seldom possible to determine the needs of individual subjects and to establish the mean requirement for groups of individuals. However, the mean requirement is seldom of interest. It defines a level of intake that meets the needs of only half of all individuals. What is of interest is an intake that meets the needs of all or almost all individuals of a given class. Such an intake is strictly not a requirement but rather a "recommended dietary intake" or a "safe level of intake. " In common parlance, however, such an intake is usually referred to as a "requirement. " The fact that individuals differ with regard to requirements has important implications when experimental approaches are used for the establishment of group "requirements. " As intake is reduced from an adequate level to a slightly inadequate level, individuals with the highest requirement will be affected before individuals with lower requirements. Conversely, if intake is increased from an inadequate level toward an adequate level, individuals with the lowest requirements will have their needs satisfied before individuals at the opposite end of the spectrum. The greater the proportion of affected individuals, the more likely it is that a group response is detectable.
Diversity Extirpation of a Large Black Bear Population by Introduced White-Tailed Deer

The negative impacts of introduced and invasive species on native fauna and flora have been reported in many systems (Diamond & Case 1986; Williamson 1996; Mack & D’Antonio 1998). One of the greatest challenges of native species is to survive the increased competition for resources generated by the colonization of introduced species. Density-dependent reduction in reproduction and increased mortality through starvation may arise from exploitative competition. As the number of competitors increases, food supply is depleted and less-competitive individuals, or the least competitive species, may starve to death (Sinclair 1989). Introduced exotic or native species often eliminate or greatly reduce the abundance of native species, especially on islands (Williamson 1996; Drake et al. 2002). For example, the introduced gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) is outcompeting the native red squirrel (S. vulgaris) in most of the United Kingdom and northern Italy (Gurnell & Pepper 1993), the species richness of ants has dropped by 70% in areas invaded by the fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) in the United States (Porter & Savignano 1990), and the introduced bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) is thought to have extirpated the Sacramento perch (Archoplites interruptus) from most of its native range in California (Marchetti 1999). Examples of a large mammal extirpating another large mammal, however, are rare. Understanding situations of competitive exclusion by species introduced in natural ecosystems is essential for the conservation of wildlife. Here, I report on a system in which a population of black bears (Ursus americanus) inhabiting a large island was most likely extirpated by introduced white-tailed
LEVELS OF GROWTH HORMONE BALI CATTLE IN NUSA PENIDA LOWER THAN OTHER BALI REGIONS )

The objective of this research was to compare the levels of growth hormone in bali cattle reared in the purification of Nusa Penida with those from other regions in Bali Province. A total of 320 sera samples were collected from bali cattle reared in Nusa Penida, Klungkung, Tabanan, Buleleng and Bangli. The levels of growth hormone was determined by using sandwich Enzime Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results showed that a diverse levels of growth hormone in Bali cattle were observed in Bali cattle. The lowest growth hormone levels (576.4 pg/mL) was found in Bali cattle reared in Nusa Penida and the highest levels (5044.08 pg/mL) were found in the Buleleng regency. It was concluded that bovine growth hormone levels varies, depending on the regions of rared of Bali cattle .
Effect of Data Selection on Data Aggregation in a Wireless Sensor Network

2 Data Selection Methods Consider data di(t) and dj(t) obtained by sensor nodes i and j, respectively. Each of the sensor data defines the tolerance for aggregation, denoted as ai(t) and aj(t) respectively. We assume that the similarity can be defined between a pair of data. When similarity si,j(t) between di(t) and dj(t) satisfy both conditions of si,j(t) ≤ ai(t) and si,j(t) ≤ aj(t), they can be aggregated. An aggregation rule can take a form of averaging, maximum, minimum, median, and any other mathematical or statistical operations but in some aggregation rules, the order of selection of data to aggregate at a node affects the aggregation efficiency and accuracy. For example, assume that there are three data (di(t), ai(t)) = (1, 3), (4, 4), and (5, 5) and the similarity is defined as si,j(t) = |di(t) − dj(t)|. As an aggregation rule, consider averaging. The tolerance of an aggregated data takes a smaller tolerance of the original two data. Because of the difference, (1,3) and (5,5) cannot be directly aggregated. However, aggregation of (1, 3) and (4, 4) results in a new data (2.5, 3), which can further be aggregated with (5, 5). Consequently, (1, 3) is aggregated with (5, 5). In this paper, we consider four selection methods. With Similarity F irst, a node begins with a pair of data with the smallest similarity. Accuracy F irst first tries a pair of data with the lowest tolerance. Tolerance F irst first chooses a pair of data with the largest tolerance. Random randomly selects data. A node repeatedly tries aggregation until no pair of data can be aggregated.
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN HUMAN HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE DELIVERY

Psychology is a biological, social, cognitive and evidence-based discipline that seeks to understand human behaviours in settings (homes, schools and workplaces), developmental stages (childhood, adolescence and geriatric), gender (male and female), domains (biological, social and cognitive) and states (normal and abnormal). The branches of psychology -clinical, developmental, community, and health, have become more intimately involved in addressing societal problems, and its integration in human activities is considered to have ascribed humans with the ”real person” status. Similarly, its foundation in health and illness, has defined the mind-body relationship upon which the psychological treatment methods were developed. This article therefore, x-rays the origin of psychology and its roles in various human endeavours, especially in healthcare delivery, while also expounding the importance of its inclusion in the training of medical and allied professionals towards achieving a balanced practice.
Prepared for submission to JHEP INR-TH-2018-014 Phenomenology of GeV-scale Heavy Neutral Leptons

We review and revise phenomenology of the GeV-scale heavy neutral leptons (HNLs). We extend the previous analyses by including more channels of HNLs production and decay and provide with more refined treatment, including QCD corrections for the HNLs of masses O(1) GeV. We summarize the relevance of individual production and decay channels for different masses, resolving a few discrepancies in the literature. Our final results are directly suitable for sensitivity studies of particle physics experiments (ranging from proton beam-dump to the LHC) aiming at searches for heavy neutral leptons. ar X iv :1 80 5. 08 56 7v 1 [ he pph ] 2 2 M ay 2 01 8
Thinking the opposite under distrust : Do untrustworthy faces facilitate the recognition of antonyms ?

Distrust should automatically activate a "thinking the opposite". Thus, according to Schul, Mayo and Burnstein (2004), participants detect antonyms faster when confronted with untrustworthy rather than trustworthy faces and detect synonyms faster when confronted with trustworthy rather than untrustworthy faces. In an induction phase the authors tried to amplify the (un-)trustworthiness of faces by combining them either with true or false statements. In three experiments we tested whether the interaction effect is due to the induction phase, and whether the canonicity of antonyms plays a crucial role. Additionally, we adapted faces more according to European standards and presented stimuli more with regard to priming rules. Results show that the interaction effect cannot be reliably predicted. Even if faces are culturally adapted and priming rules are applied more strictly, an interaction effect depends on whether the induction phase is applied and on the canonicity of antonyms rather than on the trustworthiness of faces. Generally, our results show the inappropriateness of a paradigm that was supposed to test a thinking the opposite under distrust.