Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Study on the perception of gender role and decision-making regarding family affairs among married women and its impact on the utilization of perinatal care].

OBJECTIVE To understand the perception on roles of gender and decision-making regarding family affairs among married women and its impact on the utilization of perinatal care. METHODS Clustering sampling was conducted to select 1227 married women with at least a child aged from 0 to 7 years old, from Hebei, Hubei and Sichuan provinces. All women were interviewed using a uniform questionnaire during Nov.-Dec. 2004. RESULTS The overall proportion of women who had relatively poor perception of gender role was 65.1%. 59.3% of the women agreed that "husband's health is more important than wife's in the family" versus 39.7% of interviewed women agreed that "man is more suitable for leadership than woman". In 46.2% of the families, wife and husband shared the responsibility of decision making on family affairs. In 16.2% of the families women played a decisive role, while 67.1% of interviewed women had to get the approval of her husband when spending money on daily necessities. When there were different opinions between the couples, husband usually made the final decision in 20.5% of all the families versus 17.4% of families where wife made the final decision. In total,the proportion of women who had somehow rights on family affairs was 64.1%. The coverage rate of antenatal care was 91.0%, and 65.3% women who received antenatal care got the first antenatal visit during the first trimester and the proportion of women who had at least five antenatal visits was 39.7%. The institutional delivery was 59.3% among all the women. Perception of gender role was not a predictor for antenatal care utilization, but it was predictive of institutional delivery. Education was quite a significant predictor on perinatal care utilization. CONCLUSION Efforts should be strengthened to improve women's awareness and to increase their perception on gender role in the families so that more women could achieve quality perinatal care.
Intelligent database-driven reverse dictionary

When a traditional forward dictionary maps words to their definitions, a reverse dictionary takes a user input phrase with a specific concept, and returns a set of candidate words closely related to the input phrase provided. This application works worthy not only for the general public, but also to those who work personally with words. Upon receiving a search concept, the Reverse Dictionary consults the forward dictionary and selects those words whose definitions are similar to the given concept. And thus it is reduced to a concept similarity problem. The semantic similarity between concepts is a method to measure the semantic connection, or the semantic distance between two concepts according to a given ontology. The experimental results shows that the approach used here provides significant performance without losing the quality of the result.
Body composition affects the response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients with chronic kidney disease in dialysis

Abstract Background: The response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is variable. The body mass index (BMI) variations can modify the response to ESA. The objective was to assess the effect of body composition on the response to ESA in dialysis patients. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study. Prevalent hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were selected. In the same day, a single blood test, a body composition analysis using bioimpedance spectroscopy and anthropometric measurements were performed. We collected ESA doses. We analyzed erythropoietin resistance index (ERI). The ERI was calculated dividing the weekly weight-adjusted (kg) dose of ESA (IU) by the hemoglobin level (g/dL). Results: The study was comprised of 218 patients (58% men; age 65 (16) years old; 80% hemodialysis, 20% PD). There was an inverse correlation between ERI and BMI (p = 0.01), fat tissue index (FTI) (p = 0.01) and prealbumin (p = 0.04). We found an independent association between higher ERI levels and lower FTI and prealbumin values. Conclusion: Response to ESA is influenced by body composition. Fat tissue favors the body’s response to ESA.
Therapeutic Class Overview Inflammatory Bowel Disease Agents

Page 1 of 11 This information is considered confidential and proprietary to OptumRx. It is intended for internal use only and should be disseminated only to authorized recipients. The contents of the therapeutic class overviews on this website ("Content") are for informational purposes only. The Content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Patients should always seek the advice of a physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding a medical condition. Clinicians should refer to the full prescribing information and published resources when making medical decisions. Therapeutic Class Overview Inflammatory Bowel Disease Agents
Scanning parameterized polyhedron using Fourier-Motzkin elimination

SUMMARY The paper presents two algorithms for computing a control structure whose execution enumerates the integer vectors of a parameterized polyhedron defined in a given context. Both algorithms reconsider the successive projection method, based on Fourier-Motzkin pairwise elimination, defined by Ancourt and Irigoin. The way redundant constraints are removed in their algorithm is revisited in order to improve the computation time for the enumeration code of higher order polyhedrons as well as their execution time. The algorithms presented here are at the root of the code generation in the HPF compiler PANDORE developed at IRISA, France; a comparison of these algorithms with the one defined by Ancourt and Irigoin is given in the class of polyhedrons manipulated by the PANDORE compiler.
Efficacy and ligand bias at the μ‐opioid receptor

In order to describe drug action at a GPCR, a full understanding of the pharmacological terms affinity, efficacy and potency is necessary. This is true whether comparing the ability of different agonists to produce a measurable response in a cell or tissue, or determining the relative ability of an agonist to activate a single receptor subtype and produce multiple responses. There is a great deal of interest in the μ‐opioid receptor (MOP receptor) and the ligands that act at this GPCR not only because of the clinically important analgesic effects produced by MOP agonists but also because of their liability to induce adverse effects such as respiratory depression and dependence. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these effects, as well as the ability to develop new, more effective MOP receptor drugs, depends upon the accurate determination of the efficacy with which these ligands induce coupling of MOP receptors to downstream signalling events. In this review, which is written with the minimum of mathematical content, the basic meaning of terms including efficacy, intrinsic activity and intrinsic efficacy is discussed, along with their relevance to the field of MOP receptor pharmacology, and in particular in relation to biased agonism at this important GPCR.
Radiotherapy augments the immune response to prostate cancer in a time‐dependent manner

Cancer immunotherapy refers to an array of strategies intended to treat progressive tumors by augmenting a patient's anti‐tumor immune response. As immunotherapy is eventually incorporated into oncology treatment paradigms, it is important to understand how these therapies interact with established cancer treatments such as chemotherapy or Radiotherapy (RT). To address this, we utilized a well‐established, autochthonous murine model of prostate cancer to test whether RT could augment (or diminish) the CD4 T cell response to a tumor vaccine.
Treatment of suprasellar cysts and patient outcome.

OBJECT The authors sought to determine the natural history of and optimal treatment for suprasellar cysts (SSCs). METHODS Three hundred forty-two patients harboring intracranial cysts presented to the authors' neurosurgery unit between January 1986 and August 2004. The patients' records were reviewed to assess symptomatology, results of imaging studies, and outcome according to mode of treatment. Thirty-three patients (9.6%) were eligible for this study. Nine SSCs were diagnosed prenatally and 24 were identified postnatally (range 0 months-18.2 years, mean 5.6 years). The mean follow-up period was 66.8 +/- 44.6 months (standard deviation). Seven cysts were left untreated, six (66%) detected before birth and one (4.5%) after birth. Of the 26 patients who required surgery, three were admitted elsewhere for complications of shunt surgery. A ventriculocystostomy (VC) was performed in all three of these patients, but the treatment failed in two. The primary treatment in the remaining 23 children was: open fenestration in two patients, VC in seven, ventriculocystocisternostomy (VCC) in 13, and cystoperitoneal (CP) shunt in one patient. Both open fenestration procedures were successful, as was the CP shunt insertion. The success rate of primary endoscopic surgery, although not statistically significant, was higher for VCCs (11 [85%] of 13 patients) than for VCs (four [57%] of seven patients). None of the patients' preoperative endocrine disorders resolved postoperatively. The distribution of intellectual and developmental quotients paralleled the normal range. Intellectual performance was unrelated to patient-specific factors or to treatment modalities. CONCLUSIONS Most SSCs are of moderate size, are stable and asymptomatic, and have a favorable outcome. Treatment is required when the cyst evolves or the patient is symptomatic, but endocrine disturbances alone are not an indication for surgery. When hydrocephalus is present, endoscopic fenestration is the primary treatment of choice. The goal of the procedure should be to open the cyst into both the ventricles and the cisterns. Intellectual capability after treatment at outcome is not related to age at diagnosis, initial or final cyst size, presence or absence of hydrocephalus, or type of endoscopic treatment.
Comparison of Probability Curves Obtained from 2 Quantitative Allergen-specific IgE Assays: FEIA and 3gAllergyTM

The validity and benefit of probability curves in allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) testing and their applicability to more than a few allergens are still pending. One study[1] presented probability curves for 4 food allergens and proposed decision points to rule out the need for food challenges in his clinic. Since then, such cutoffs were reported by Boyano-Martinez[2] to be dependent on population, age, allergen and disease. A recent article by Soderstrom[3] extended the use of probability curves to 8 inhalant allergens. The results were allergen dependent and site specific. None of the studies, however, has addressed the potential impact of IgE specific for cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCD) on these probability curves[4]. In this study, we use logistic regression model to compare the probability curves for food and inhalant allergens using two quantitative sIgE assays; an FEIA (Pharmacia CAP) and DPC’s automated chemiluminescent IMMULITE® 2000. The FEIA yields explicit results down to 0.35 kU L-1; the “third-generation” IMMULITE 2000 has an analytical sensitivity of 0.1 kU L-1 and provides precise quantification down to 0.2 kU L-1. In previous studies[6,7], patients with suspected IgE-mediated allergy were evaluated according to skin prick tests or food challenges positive or negative allergen-specific diagnosis. Logistic regression was performed using the online regression analysis facility at: http://members.aol. com/johnp71/logistic.html, which is part of the Interactive Statistical Calculations web site. For inhalant allergens, almost identical overall probability curves were obtained for the FEIA and IMMULITE 2000 methods. For food allergen, similar probability curves were obtained with the two methods. The probability curves were allergen dependent. The FEIA and IMMULITE 2000 methods gave similar allergen-dependent profiles, however and in one case (W6), both methods yielded identical probability curves. The present study demonstrates that the 2 sIgE assays yield comparable probability curves for the inhalant and food allergens tested. Because the FEIA method is unable to yield explicit results below 0.35 kU L-1, the probability curve generated is necessarily truncated at this level. Methods for sIgE measurement that allow for extending probability curves below 0.35 kU L-1 can also assess assay performance more definitively at the traditional 0.35 kU L-1 cutoff. Thus the third-generation IMMULITE 2000 is a better tool for defining probability curves, as the applicability of such curves in allergy testing and the potential impact of IgE to CCD become well understood.
Applied Robust Performance Analysis for Actuarial Applications

This paper investigates techniques for the assessment of model error in the context of insurance risk analysis. The methodology is based on finding bounds for quantities of interest, such as loss probabilities and conditional value-at-risk, which are obtained by solving optimization problems where the variable to optimize is the model itself in a non-parametric framework. The non-parametric aspect of the approach is crucial for model error quantification.
Personality differences across regions of the United States.

Summary This study was initially set up to ascertain what personality differences exist across geographic regions of the United States. Three main components, replicated across males and females, appear to be of greatest consequence in accounting for differences that exist. At the risk of oversimplifying, they might be briefly identified as creative productivity, tough-minded independence, and interpersonal isolation. The first distinguished Northeast, West Coast, and Midwest regions on the one hand from Southeast, Southwest, and Western Mountain regions on the other. The second distinguished Midwest from the West Coast and Southwest regions. The third appears most useful in describing differences between Western Mountain and Midwest regions. While many of these findings are generally congruent with commonly prevailing attitudes, they suggest that there is no single trait which appears to be distinctive of a particular region of the country. Instead, a rather complex pattern of differences emerges which m.
Change Detection in 3D Point Clouds Acquired by a Mobile Mapping System

Abstract. Thanks to the development of Mobile mapping systems (MMS), street object recognition, classification, modelling and related studies have become hot topics recently. There has been increasing interest in detecting changes between mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds in complex urban areas. A method based on the consistency between the occupancies of space computed from different datasets is proposed. First occupancy of scan rays (empty, occupied, unknown) are defined while considering the accuracy of measurement and registration. Then the occupancy of scan rays are fused using the Weighted Dempster–Shafer theory (WDST). Finally, the consistency between different datasets is obtained by comparing the occupancy at points from one dataset with the fused occupancy of neighbouring rays from the other dataset. Change detection results are compared with a conventional point to triangle (PTT) distance method. Changes at point level are detected fully automatically. The proposed approach allows to detect changes at large scales in urban scenes with fine detail and more importantly, distinguish real changes from occlusions.
Evaluation of monitoring programs for salmonella infection in turkey breeding flocks.

SUMMARY A study was conducted on 34 turkey breeding flocks involving 74,547 birds. In this study a comparison was made between 100% serological test for Salmonella pullorum and S. typhimurium and a combination of 500 blood samples test and 500 cloacal swabs. It was observed that the combination of 500 blood samples test and 500 cloacal swabs was equal in accuracy to 100% serological test. Five hundred blood samples test was inferior to 100% serological test in accuracy. On the basis of this study it was proposed that 100% serological testing be replaced by 500 blood samples test and 500 cloacal swabs.
Monocyte and macrophage participation in atherosclerosis development

Atherosclerosis is a degenerative inflammatory disease of the vascular wall, which is characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques that contain lipids, activated smooth muscle cells, immune cells, foam cells, a necrotic core and calcified sites. In atherosclerosis pathology, monocytes and macrophages play the most important role by accumulating redundant LDL particles in their oxidized form and producing proinflammatory cytokines. Atherosclerotic plaque macrophages reveal distinct phenotypes that are distinguished into M1 (proinflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages. Numerous environmental signals (cytokines, microbial cell molecules) that are received by macrophages drive their polarization, but it must be determined whether this classification reflects different macrophage subtypes or plasticity and phenotypic tissue changes, but the balance between subsets is crucial. M1 macrophages are dominant in symptomatic atherosclerotic plaques, while M2 macrophages are more frequent in asymptomatic plaques. Nevertheless, a positive correlation of both M1 and M2 macrophages with atherosclerotic lesion severity was also observed.
Fatty Acid and Lipid Biosynthetic Genes Are Expressed at Constant Molar Ratios But Different Absolute Levels during Embryogenesis1

In plants, fatty acid and complex lipid synthesis requires the correct spatial and temporal activity of many gene products. Quantitative northern analysis showed that mRNA for the biotin carboxylase subunit of heteromeric acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, fatty acid synthase components (3-oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein [ACP] reductase, enoyl-ACP reductase, and acyl-ACP thioesterase), and stearoyl-ACP desaturase accumulate in a coordinate manner duringBrassica napus embryogenesis. The mRNAs were present in a constant molar stoichiometric ratio. Transcript abundance of mRNAs for the catalytic proteins was found to be similar, whereas the number of ACP transcripts was approximately 7-fold higher. The peak of mRNA accumulation of all products was between 20 and 29 d after flowering; by 42 d after flowering, the steady-state levels of all transcripts fell to about 5% of their peak levels, which suggests that the mRNAs have similar stability and kinetics of synthesis. Biotin carboxylase was found to accumulate to a maximum of 59 fmol mg−1 total RNA in embryos, which is in general agreement with the value of 170 fmol mg−1 determined for Arabidopsis siliques (J.S. Ke, T.N. Wen, B.J. Nikolau, E.S. Wurtele [2000] Plant Physiol 122: 1057–1071). Embryos accumulated between 3- and 15-fold more transcripts per unit total RNA than young leaf tissue; the lower quantity of leaf 3-oxoacyl-ACP reductase mRNA was confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. This is in conflict with analysis of B. napus transcripts using an Arabidopsis microarray (T. Girke, J. Todd, S. Ruuska, J. White, C. Benning, J. Ohlrogge [2000] Plant Physiol 124: 1570–1581) where similar leaf to seed levels of fatty acid synthase component mRNAs were reported.
Quenching of fluorescence by oxygen. A probe for structural fluctuations in macromolecules.

Quenching of the fluorescence of various fluorophores by molecular oxygen has been studied in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions equilibrated with oxygen pressures up to 100 atm. Temperature dependence of quenching, agreement with the Stern–Volmer equation, and fluorescence lifetime measurements indicate that essentially all the observed quenching is dynamic and close to the diffusion-controlled limits. Studies of charged polyamino acids containing tryptophan show that oxygen quenching, in contrast to I − , is completely insensitive to charge effects. Ethidium bromide, when intercalated into double helical DNA, is quenched with 1/30th of the efficiency of the free dye in solution. Three dyes bound to bovine serum albumin were also found to be relatively protected from the free diffusion of oxygen. Quenching of intrinsic or bound fluorophores by molecular oxygen is therefore an appropriate method to determine the accessibility to oxygen of regions of the macromolecule surrounding the fluorophore and indirectly the structural fluctuations in the macromolecule that permit its diffusion to the fluorophore. of Oxygen
Role of the far-upstream sites of the algD promoter and the algR and rpoN genes in environmental modulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The role of several regulatory elements in environmental modulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. Transcriptional activation of algD, necessary for the mucoid phenotype, was found to depend on FUS, the newly identified far-upstream sites of the algD promoter. The FUS were delimited to a region spanning nucleotides -432 to -332 relative to the algD mRNA start site. Insertional inactivation of algR in PAO568 abolished the algD promoter response to nitrogen availability and greatly diminished but did not completely eliminate reactivity to changes in salt concentration. Insertional inactivation of rpoN (ntrA) in PAO568 did not affect algR and algD transcription.
Nuclear shell effects near the r-process path

We calculate the rapid proton (rp) capture process of hydrogen burning on the surface of an accreting neutron star with an updated reaction network that extends up to Xe, far beyond previous work. In both steady-state nuclear burning appropriate for rapidly accreting neutron stars (such as the magnetic polar caps of accreting x-ray pulsars) and unstable burning of type I x-ray bursts, we find that the rp process ends in a closed SnSbTe cycle. This prevents the synthesis of elements heavier than Te and has important consequences for x-ray burst profiles, the composition of accreting neutron stars, and potentially galactic nucleosynthesis of light p nuclei.
Safety and feasibility of lumbar spine for intralaminar screw fixation: a computed tomography-based morphometric study.

OBJECTIVE The use of intralaminar screws (ILS) in spinal surgery has experienced a recent increase in popularity. The aim of this study is to define the morphological parameters of the lumbar laminas so that guidance may be defined for ILS placement. METHODS The study involved the evaluation of lumbar computed tomography (CT) images of patients. Two hundred thirty-five patients (127 male, 108 female) were included in the study. The mean patient age was 44.2 years (19-78 years). The measured parameters of the lamina were the transverse inner diameter, transverse outer diameter (lamina width), lamina length, subdural space (safe zone), and spinolaminar angle for each lumbar level (L1-L5). RESULTS The mean transverse outer diameter (L1-L5) ranged from 7.2-7.8 mm, and mean transverse inner diameter ranged from 2.5-3.0 mm. The lamina of L3 had the largest width and the lamina of L1 and L5 the smallest. The mean lamina length was 26.6 mm, ranging from 21.0-34.0 mm, and the mean spinolaminar angle was 124.7°, ranging from 111-135°. The L1 level had the shortest mean lamina length and L4 the lowest spinolaminar angle. Mean subdural space (safe zone), which was narrowest at the L5 level, was 2.4 mm, ranging from 1.3-3.6 mm. CONCLUSION ILS of the appropriate size (3.5-4.5 mm) and length (20 and 25 mm) can be used safely in the lumbar spine. However, further biomechanical studies should be performed to measure strength of the fixation.
Continuous-wave 532 nm pumped ingly-resonant optical parametric oscillator based on MgO-doped PPLN

We present a continuous-wave (CW) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on quasi-phase-matching in a MgO-doped periodically-poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) crystal. We report and discuss our observation of different charactarisics between the signal and idler output power.