Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS OF FENTANYL &DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS ADDITIVES TO 0.75% ROPIVACAINE FOR EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IN LOWER LIMB SURGERIES.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effects & adverse events when fentanyl & dexmedetomidine are used as additives to 0.75% Ropivacaine for epidural anesthesia. METHODS : Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained.A total of 80 patients of both sex,aged 18-60 years,ASA grade I,II posted for elective lower limb surgeries were divided into two groups(n=40) by open label randomization method.Group RF received 1μg/kg Fentanyl & group RD received 1μg/kg Dexmedetomidine along with 15 ml Ropivacaine 0.75% in both groups. Onset of complete motor & sensory blockade,duration of analgesia, two segmental dermatomal regression & adverse effects were recorded. Data was analysed using Fisher’s exact test & Chi-square test. Value of P <0.05 is considered significant and P <0.001 as highly significant. RESULTS: The demographic profile was comparable in both the groups. Onset of sensory analgesia at T10 (10.04±0.86 vs 13.76±1.42) & onset of complete motor blockade (16.5±1.24 vs 20.4±1.32) was significantly earlier in RD group as compared to RF group. Duration of motor and sensory block was significantly longer in group RD (194.2. ± 20.73 and 150.42 ± 5.18 min) as compared to group RF (162.32 ± 22.38 and 122.4 ± 3.46 min). Incidence of bradycardia,hypotension & dry mouth was significantly higher in the RD group whereas incidence of nausea & vomiting was significantly higher in RF group with P < 0.05. CONCLUSION : Epidural anesthesia with dexmedetomidine as an additive to 0.75% ropivacaine is more effective with respect to earlier onset & prolonged duration of sensory & motor blockade when compared to fentanyl.
The relationship between body shape, body size and locomotor mode in extant lepidosaurs

Despite historic work, the mechanisms and evolutionary drivers associated with the adoption of a facultatively bipedal locomotor mode in extant lepidosaurs are unclear. Recent work has provided insights into the biomechanical triggers of bipedal locomotion, but the associated anatomies are yet to be fully understood, particularly with regard to body size across Lepidosauria. Using a dataset derived from museum specimens, representing a range of lepidosaur body shapes, we highlight the differences between obligate quadrupeds and facultative bipeds within this group and demonstrate the value of non-caudal skeletal material in identifying facultative bipeds using osteology alone. We use multiple statistical approaches to identify trends across locomotor modes relative to body size. Body size has a significant effect upon body proportions across the two locomotor modes, especially in the hindlimbs. Forelimb lengths do not differ significantly across locomotor modes for animals of similar body size, but distal hindlimbs are significantly longer in facultative bipeds. Interestingly, femoral length does not differ across locomotor modes of a similar body size. Our findings contrast with historical tropes and are significant for future work attempting to identify the factors driving the evolution of a facultatively bipedal locomotor mode in Lepidosauria.
Asymmetric Timeliness of Earnings Recognition and Overestimation of Accruals Quality

1) <Abstract> This study examines the relationship between the asymmetric timeliness of earnings recognition and accruals quality. Ball and Shivakumar (2006) provide evidence that the relationship between accruals and cash flows is distorted under the linear assumption. This study estimates new measures of accruals quality after including the asymmetric timeliness of earnings recognition in Dechow and Dichev’s (2002) model and compares these with Dechow and Dichev’s accruals quality. I decompose Dechow and Dichev’s accruals quality into (1) one component after controlling for asymmetric earnings timeliness, which is unexplained by asymmetric timeliness recognition, and (2) another component that is explained incrementally by asymmetric timeliness recognition beyond three consecutive-period operating cash flows. I examine the relationship between decomposed accruals quality and earnings forecast accuracy, cost of debts, and cost of equity. Empirical findings show accruals quality significantly improves after incorporating asymmetric timeliness of earnings recognition. The accruals quality component after incorporating asymmetric timeliness shows significant relationships with earnings forecast accuracy and cost of equity, while the other component does not. This study shows that accruals quality improves when estimated by allowing a non-linear relationship with asymmetric timeliness. This measure enables users to make better decisions when evaluating firms’ operating or financing activities.
Primary cilium remodeling mediates a cell signaling switch in differentiating neurons

Newborn neurons assemble a new primary cilium, leading to a change in the mode of Shh signaling that now directs axon extension. Cellular differentiation leads to the formation of specialized cell types and complex morphological variations. Often, differentiating cells transition between states by switching how they respond to the signaling environment. However, the mechanisms regulating these transitions are poorly understood. Differentiating neurons delaminate from the neuroepithelium through the regulated process of apical abscission, which mediates an acute loss of polarity and primary cilium disassembly. Using high-resolution live-cell imaging in chick neural tube, we show that these cells retain an Arl13b+ particle, which elongates and initiates intraflagellar trafficking as it transits toward the cell body, indicating primary cilium remodeling. Notably, disrupting cilia during and after remodeling inhibits axon extension and leads to axon collapse, respectively. Furthermore, cilium remodeling corresponds to a switch from a canonical to noncanonical cellular response to Shh. This work transforms our understanding of how cells can rapidly reinterpret signals to produce qualitatively different responses within the same tissue context.
Nasal carriage of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Hospital acquired infections especially with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Staphylococcus aureus remains as a significant and potential pathogen because of its severity and increased frequency in causing a wide array of infections. The most common infections caused by S. aureus include skin and soft tissue, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, central nervous system, endovascular system &genitourinary system. It has become one of the leading causes of hospital acquired infections and are very difficult to treat because of increase in resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Aim and objectives: This study aims to screen for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus species, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) among the health care workers as they are potentially endangered target groups in a health care setting. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 6 months from June 2018 to December 2018. Nasal swab samples were obtained from a total of 120 health care workers. Culture and sensitivity was performed by standard microbiological methods. Methicillin resistance was tested by using Cefoxitin disc (30μg) by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar. Results: Out of the 120 samples, 86 (72%) samples were bacterial culture positive and 34(28%) samples were culture negative. Among the 86 clinical isolates, 38 (31.6%) were of Staphylococcus aureus, 26 (21.6%) were of Coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONS) and 22 (18.3%) samples were of bacteria other than Staphylococci. Conclusion: A higher rate of nasal carriage of MRSA was observed among the health care workers. Henceforth, routine screening of MRSA among the hospital staffs is recommended.
The Effect of the Shift to the Expected Credit Loss Model on the Timeliness of Loan Loss Recognition

Effective from January 1, 2018, IFRS 9 changed banks’ accounting for the impairment of financial assets by replacing the incurred credit loss (ICL) model with the expected credit loss (ECL) model, which enhances the timeliness of accounting for credit losses. Using a sample of international banks from 33 countries, we examine the impact of this shift to the ECL model on loan loss recognition timeliness (LLRT). The results of our difference-in-differences analysis reveal that this shift increases LLRT. We also find that the positive effect on LLRT is more pronounced for riskier banks and banks that recorded lower loan losses prior to the shift. The above findings are consistent with the view that the ECL model allows a larger amount of expected loan losses to be recognized earlier, compared to the ICL model. Overall, our results offer early insight into a revolutionary shift in accounting for credit losses.
Make It Memorable: Tourism Experience, Fun, Recommendation and Revisit Intentions of Chinese Outbound Tourists

Due to the fact that Chinese tourists are becoming the main players in the international tourism market, with large growth potential, this research empirically identifies the psychological factors that affect Chinese outbound tourists’ memorable tourism experiences (MTEs), and investigates the relationships among MTEs, the “fun” emotion, and their recommendation and revisit intentions based on the stimulus–organism–response (S-O-R) model. In addition, the moderating role of perceived risk between the causal relationships among the “fun” emotion and recommendation and revisit intentions is identified. A total of 560 survey participants who had experienced overseas tourism in the last two years were selected as the target population, and the data from 413 valid surveys were empirically analyzed via structural equation modeling (SEM). Chinese outbound tourists’ MTEs, such as hedonism, novelty, meaningfulness, and social interaction, are found to positively influence their experience of the “fun” emotion, such as emotional spark and flow. Additionally, it is found that when Chinese outbound tourists have achieved a high level of the “fun” emotion, their intentions to recommend and revisit their destination will be stronger. In addition, perceived risk is found to have a negative moderating role in the causal relationships among emotional spark and recommendation and revisit intentions, and also has negative moderating effects on the causal relationship between flow and recommendation intentions. This study provides important practical insights for how international tourist destination marketers and managers provide Chinese tourists with MTEs, and how to elicit the “fun” emotion and loyalty behaviors from Chinese tourists via the investigation of the mechanism of MTEs, fun, and recommendation and revisit intentions. It is also found that it is beneficial for international tourist destination managers to lower the level of tourists’ perceived risk to improve tourists’ recommendation and revisit intentions. These findings can aid in the development of more effective strategies to increase the market share and the international competitiveness of destinations.
RENAL RESISTIVE INDEX AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTED PATIENTS

Measurement of renal resistive index is a non-invasive method used for assessment of microvascular lesions influenced by hemodynamic factors. The aim of our study was to introduce modern methods for assessing the arterial rigidity in patients with renal transplantation, which enable to treat and reduce it (arterial rigidity is potentially reversible), and thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this population. In a cross sectional study we assessed 28 kidney transplanted patients for pulse wave velocity, renal resistive index, ambulatory arterial stiffness index and pulse pressure. The data were statistically processed in a Statistica 7.1 for Windows. The average age of the participants was 44.07 years, 64.29% were men, average BW was 74.28 kg and BMI 25.29 kg/m2. The average graft duration was 82.28 months, and the average duration of hypertension was 142.89 months. Controlled hypertension was present in 35.71% of all hypertensive patients. Average pulse wave velocity was 6.64 ± 1.18 m/sec. , ambulatory arterial stiffness index varied in the interval 0.36 ± 0.15 and the average renal resistive index of the graft’s main renal artery was 0.66 ± 0.08. Multiple regression analysis in the group of patients with graft duration below 7 years showed that both renal resistive index of the graft’s main renal artery and pulse wave velocity as dependent variables had significant and strong correlations with body weight and pulse pressure. Also, multiple regression analysis showed significant correlations between renal resistive index of graft’s main renal artery and pulse wave velocity as dependent or independent variables respectively. Our study showed that in the group of patients with graft duration less than a 7 years renal resistive index of the graft’s main renal artery and pulse wave velocity were significantly related but this was not confirmed in the group of patients with graft duration over 7 years. Thus suggests that we are not aware of all the factors that influence this relationship and more research studies are needed in that direction involving a larger number of respondents i.e. large prospective multicenter cohort studies with sufficient long follow-up period.
Effects of the Morphological Diversity of Leaf Surface and Phytochemicals Composition on Preference Behavior of Leafhopper and Planthoppers on some Solanaceous Crops

The present experiments were conducted to study the effect of different solanaceous host plants on the population density of the leafhoppers and planthoppers according to the morphological diversity of host surface and phytochemical composition on the preference behaviour of the insect pests. The leafhoppers, Empoasca decipiens and Empoasca decedens preferred eggplant as a host plant followed by tomato and pepper by using the three methods (leaf sample, yellow sticky traps, sweep net) during the two seasons. Meanwhile, Cicadulina chinai preferred tomato followed by eggplant and pepper by using the different methods. While, Balcutha hortensis preferred pepper followed by eggplant and tomato. On the other hand, the planthoppers, Sogatella futcifera preferred eggplant followed by pepper and tomato. Statistical analysis revealed that highly significant differences were recorded between the three host plants during the two seasons according to the average number of different leafhoppers and planthoppers by using the three sampling methods. The insect population varied among leaf surface morphological characters. The Scanning Electron Microscope pictures revealed that, the trichome type was nonglandular in eggplant and tomato, while in pepper was hairiness. Population density exhibited significantly of trichome length on eggplant, whereas had less significantly on tomato leaves with higher hair density. Peppers, with no trichome had the lowest population of insect. Depending on the analysis of phytochemical composition of plant leaves, a highly positive correlated leafhopper and plant hoppers with higher ratios was found for the total protein, total nitrogen, α-esterase, βesterase and Glutathione Stransferase (GST).
Accurate Empathy, Social Rejection, and Social Anxiety Disorder

We conducted two studies to examine the relationship between social anxiety (n = 134) and social anxiety disorder (SAD; n = 126), social exclusion, and empathic accuracy. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control or an exclusion condition and then observed four videos of targets discussing high school experiences in which they were socially excluded. Participants’ ratings of targets’ emotions while discussing those experiences were compared with targets’ self-ratings. Results of both studies indicated that individuals with social anxiety and SAD displayed greater empathic accuracy than control subjects and that exclusion did not affect that relationship. State measures of participants’ emotional and cognitive reactions to targets mediated the association between SAD and accuracy. When asked to provide advice to targets, SAD participants provided fewer responses overall and fewer suggestions that promoted relationship repair. Thus, they were less able to translate their empathic responses for social pain into prosocial action.
Mathematical analysis of a fish-plankton eco-epidemiological system

In this paper, we have formulated and analyzed a mathematical model describing the dynamics of the phytoplankton producing toxin and the fish population by using an ordinary differential equation system. The phytoplankton population is divided into two groups, namely infected phytoplankton, and susceptible phytoplankton. We aim to analyze the effect of the toxic substance on the fish population. The equilibria stability of the model has been studied locally and globally around the basic reproduction ratio R0. The mathematical analysis of the model shows that the equilibrium without disease is globally asymptotically stable if R0 >1 and the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R0 > 1: Numerical simulations arecarried out to illustrate the feasibility of the theoretical results.
The Social Media Disorder and Ostracism in Adolescents: (OSTRACA- SM Study).

Objective Social media disorder (SMD) is defined as a behavioral addiction and has been associated with depression, loneliness, narcissism, low self-esteem, poor sleep quality, and low academic performance. Ostracism is a term defined as being ignored or excluded by others. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictors of ostracism in adolescents and test the effect of SMD on ostracism. Materials and Methods This study was performed as a survey study. Adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age were administered a structured questionnaire to assess socio demographic properties, SMD, and ostracism. The SMD Scale and Ostracism Experience Scale for Adolescents (OES-A) were used. Between January and June 2018, 864 university students ≤18 years of age were invited to the study and 684 (79.1%) of them participated. Results We found a positive correlation between OES-A and SMD scores (r=0.52, p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, male gender, absence of a hobby, not being successful in the university, and high SMD scores were associated with high OES-A scores. Conclusion This is the first data obtained proving an association between SMD and ostracism. The impact of SMD and ostracism on psychosocial issues should be further evaluated.
Land cover change dominates decadal trends of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission in China

Abstract. Satellite observations reveal that China has been leading the global greening trend in the past two decades. We assessed the impact of land cover change on total BVOC emission in China during 2001–2016 and found a significant increasing trend of 1.09 % yr−1 with increases of 1.35, 1.25 and 1.43 % yr−1 for isoprene, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, respectively. Comparison of different scenarios showed that vegetation change is the main driver of BVOC emission change in China. Considerable heterogeneity was observed on regional scales, with the highest increasing trends of BVOC emission found in the Qinling Mountains and in the south of China. The BVOC emission for the year 2016 in these two regions was enhanced by 61.89 and 67.64 % compared to that of 2001, respectively. We compared the long-term HCHO vertical columns (VC) from the satellite-based Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) with the estimation of isoprene emission in summer. The results showed statistically significant positive correlation coefficients over the regions with high vegetation cover fractions. In addition, the isoprene emission and HCHO VC both showed statistically significant increasing trends in the south of China where these two variables have high positive correlation coefficients. This result supports our estimation of the variability and trends of BVOC emission in China. Although anthropogenic sources comprise ∼63 % NMVOC emissions in China, the continued increase of BVOC will enhance the importance of considering BVOC when making policies for controlling ozone pollution in China along with ongoing efforts to reduce anthropogenic emissions.
Controller parametrization for time-varying multirate plants

The authors obtain a parametrization of all stabilizing controllers for a given discrete-time time-varying linear finite-dimensional multirate system. The parametrization is a natural extension of the Youla parametrization of all stabilizing controllers to the setting of multirate systems. The set of all stabilizing controllers is shown to be the set of all closed-loop systems obtained by terminating a fixed two-port multirate system in a stable multirate system. State-space formulas for the parametrization are also given. >
Epigenetic Therapy should be in the Tool Box for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

This review highlights the ability of epigenetic drugs to target ovarian cancer cells while preserving and modifying surrounding normal tissue to resist serving as a soil for tumor growth. Ovarian cancer exhibits aberrant epigenetics. Normal tissue has its own epigenetic expression which can be controlled with epigenetic therapy, reversing the ability of cells like those in the omentum to support ovarian cancer. Consequently, epigenetic therapy may be particularly actionable at the tumor microenvironment level in tissues like the omentum. We are calling on the scientific community to continue to study epigenetic therapy in relation to metastatic ovarian cancer.
A Multi-Hop Data Dissemination Algorithm for Vehicular Communication

In vehicular networks, efficient multi-hop message dissemination can be used for various purposes, such a informing the driver about the recent emergency event or propagating the local dynamic map of a predefined region. Dissemination of warning information up to a longer distance can reduce the accidents on the road. It provides a driver additional time to react to the situations adequately and assists in finding a safe route towards the destination. The adopted V2X standards, ETSI TS’s C-ITS and IEEE 1609/IEEE 802.11p, specify only primitive multi-hop message dissemination schemes. IEEE 1609.4 standard disseminates the broadcast messages using the method of flooding, which causes high redundancy, severe congestion, and long delay during multi-hop propagation. To address these problems, we propose an effective broadcast message dissemination method. It introduces a notion of source Lateral Crossing Line (LCL) algorithm, which elects a set of relay vehicles for each hop based on the vehicle locations in a way that reduces the redundant retransmission and congestion, consequently minimizing the delays. Our simulation results demonstrated that the proposed method can achieve about 15% reduction in delays and 2 times the enhancement in propagation distance compared with the previous methods.