Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Participation in Recommended Levels of Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Decrease Participation in Moderate-Intensity Physical Activity?

Background: The influence of participating in vigorous-intensity physical activity and associated compensatory declines in other types of physical activity in the general population has not been studied well; hence, it is unknown if participation in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity influence the likelihood of participating in recommended levels of moderate-intensity physical activity. Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted on healthy adults (n = 1803), 18 to 59 years of age, recruited from the top and lower quintiles of socioeconomic status within Perth, Western Australia. Data on television watching, vigorous-intensity activity, moderate-intensity activity, and walking for recreation and transport were used in the analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine whether participation in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity activity predicted participation in recommended levels of other types of physical activity and television watching. Results: After controlling.
Entrepreneurs Under Uncertainty: An Economic Experiment in China

This study reports findings from the first large-scale experiment investigating whether entrepreneurs differ from other people in their willingness to expose themselves to various forms of uncertainty. A stratified random sample of 700 chief executive officers from the Yangzi delta region in China is compared to 200 control group members. Our findings suggest that in economic decisions, entrepreneurs are more willing to accept strategic uncertainty related to multilateral competition and trust. However, entrepreneurs do not differ from ordinary people when it comes to nonstrategic forms of uncertainty, such as risk and ambiguity. This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
Análisis geográfico y conservación del zorro andino Lycalopex culpaeus (Mammalia, Canidae) en Colombia

El zorro andino Lycalopex culpaeus ha sido incluido en la categoria de amenaza Vulnerable en Colombia. Sin embargo no se han realizado estudios que validen la inclusion de la especie en dicha categoria a nivel nacional. En el presente trabajo se delimito el area de distribucion potencial (DP) de la especie en Colombia y se discute su categoria de amenaza. Para ellos se uso modelamiento de nicho ecologico en el algoritmo de Maxima Entropia (Maxent). Con procesamiento en Sistemas de Informacion Geografico resaltamos las areas donde la especie se encuentra protegida. Los resultados muestran que el zorro andino se podria encontrar desde Narino hasta el Huila (8877 km 2 ), el 19.6% (1742 km 2 ) del area de distribucion de la especie se encuentra dentro del Sistema Nacional de Areas Protegidas de Colombia. Ademas, aunque la especie es considerada Vulnerable en Colombia, se encontro que no cumple con los criterios para su asignacion en dicha categoria, debido a la ausencia de evidencias tangibles que sustenten una reduccion poblacional, disminucion del area de ocupacion o la calidad del habitat en la decada previa a la asignacion de la categoria de amenaza Considerando los registros verificables e informacion sobre el area de distribucion de la especie en Colombia, se propone una reasignacion de la categoria de amenaza nacional a Casi Amenazada (NT).
Acceso abierto y revistas médicas españolas

The object of this work is to make a brief presentation of the foundations of the Open Access movement and to illustrate with numbers its repercussion in the Spanish medical journals. 127 scientific Spanish medical journals which content was freely available were studied. Results appear on the following variables: Existence on the journal Web of information about author rights; Journal adhesion to the Open Access Movement; Inclusion of the Journal in an open access platform (Scielo, Revicien, e-revistas, or Imbiomed); Open Access medical Spanish journals presence at the DOAJ; Circulation in international biomedical databases (PubMed and Embase) and national databases (IME and IBECS); Evolution of journal impact factor in the period 2000-2005 and timeliness of the update of the journal contents.
A Definition of Geriatric Interdisciplinary Teams Through the Application of Concept Mapping

Abstract The purpose of this study is to operationally define the more qualitative aspects of geriatric interdisciplinary team training, based on the use of concept mapping. Previous literature provides little information with which to foster understanding of a geriatric interdisciplinary team, because of the different ways that the construct is described and the different ways in which central questions could be posed. Participants of the Geriatric Interdisciplinary Team Training (GITT) program, funded by the John A. Hartford Foundation (n = 114), took part in a modified concept mapping exercise. From multidimensional scaling and cluster and factor analyses of the data, a definition of what constitutes geriatric interdisciplinary teams was constructed. Implications of the data suggest that the view of the functions of geriatric interdisciplinary teams is fairly uniform across specialty subgroups.
The Psychological Impact of Stillbirth on Women: A Systematic Review

This systematic review explored the psychological impact of stillbirth (from 20 weeks gestation) on mothers. A search was conducted in the National Library for Health and Web of Science, Cochrane Review, and Google Scholar. A secondary search based on results from the preliminary search was undertaken. A systematic search identified 26 articles (8 qualitative, 18 quantitative studies), which met criteria and were reviewed according to guidelines. The findings revealed that stillbirth is a distressing experience that can result in high levels of psychological symptoms including anxiety, depression, distress, and negative well-being. Symptoms appear to be highest in the first few months post loss although there is evidence to suggest that for some, symptoms may persist up to 3 years. The long-lasting impact of stillbirth on women was echoed in the qualitative research. Risk factors for higher levels of anxious and depressive symptoms included higher parity at the time of loss and not being married. Social support in particular was identified to be beneficial for women post loss. Longitudinal studies utilizing designs which permit causality to be determined are required to explore the specific experience of stillbirth. Further exploration of risk and protective factors, cultural beliefs, and the impact on partner relationships is needed. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed in light of current guidance.
Incentive Problems in Performance-Based Online Advertising Pricing: Cost per Click vs. Cost per Action

The multibillion-dollar online advertising industry continues to debate whether to use the cost per click (CPC) or cost per action (CPA) pricing model as an industry standard. This paper applies the economic framework of incentive contracts to study how these pricing models can lead to risk sharing between the publisher and the advertiser and incentivize them to make efforts that improve the performance of online ads. We find that, compared with the CPC model, the CPA model can better incentivize the publisher to make efforts that can improve the purchase rate. However, the CPA model can cause an adverse selection problem: the winning advertiser tends to have a lower profit margin under the CPA model than under the CPC model. We identify the conditions under which the CPA model leads to higher publisher (or advertiser) payoffs than the CPC model. Whether publishers (or advertisers) prefer the CPA model over the CPC model depends on the advertisers’ risk aversion, uncertainty in the product market, and the.
Consumer Social Responsibility

We investigate the emergence of socially responsible (SR) production through consumer decisions. Our experimental treatments vary market competitiveness and consumers information on social responsibility in production. We show that irrespective of consumers information SR production reduces monopolistic supplier s profit and is therefore unlikely to emerge. With supplier competition, SR production positively influences consumers buying decisions and suppliers offering SR products achieve significantly higher profits, as long their price is not too high. Our results yield valuable insights into the possibilities and limitations of promoting SR production through consumer behavior, and provide evidence for positive effects of competition on moral behavior.
Increased oxidative stress status in rat serum after five minutes treadmill exercise

Although it is accepted that an important correlation exists between the physical exercise and the oxidative stress status, the data regarding the levels of the main oxidative stress markers after physical training have been difficult to interpret and a subject of many controversies. There are also very few studies regarding the effects of short-time exercise on the oxidative stress status modifications. Thus, in the present report we were interested in studying the modifications of some oxidative stress markers (two antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, a lipid peroxidation parameter — malondyaldehide, the total antioxidant status and protein carbonyl levels), from the serum of rats that were subject to one bout of five minutes exercise on a treadmill, when compared to a control sedentary group. In this way, we observed a decrease of superoxide dismutase specific activity in the rats which performed the exercises. Still, no modifications of glutathione peroxidase specific activity were found between groups. In addition, increased levels of malondyaldehide and protein carbonyls were observed in the rats subjected to exercises. In conclusion, our data provides new evidence regarding the increase of the oxidative stress status, as a result of a 5-minutes bout of treadmill exercising in rats, expressed through a decrease in the SOD specific activity and the total antioxidant status and also an increase of the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation processes.
More than just Food: Field Visits to an Emergency Relief Centre

Emergency relief centres provide financial, housing, food and other types of support to families and individuals who experience financial hardship. These centres are non-profit, often government supported organizations that rely on the help of their volunteers and social workers. This paper reports on our preliminary findings from field visits to one such centre called Communify, in the inner west of Brisbane, Australia. Communify runs an emergency food relief facility for people who find themselves in a crisis or temporarily unable to afford groceries. Over a period of five months, we did several field visits to the centre and carried out 21 short in-situ interviews, with a mix of Communify clients and volunteers. Our results shed light on people's experiences of financial hardship and their interactions with the emergency relief centre. In particular, issues related to their perceived values and stigmas associated with their experiences are highlighted in our findings. We identify opportunities for design that can empower people struggling with financial hardship.
Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders

Trusted as the leading text in the field, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, 6th Edition, brings you fully up to date with new developments in this rapidly-changing subspecialty. International experts provide thorough coverage of basic science and clear guidance for your day-to-day clinical challenges - from innovative medical and surgical treatments to new drug delivery systems and recent discoveries in genetics, plus much more. In addition, an extensive online video atlas demonstrates movement and posture abnormalities, as well as unique and unusual phenomenology. Get comprehensive, current information on every aspect (including behavioral and psychologic concomitants) of all common and uncommon movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease, other neurodegenerative diseases, tremors, dystonia, Tourette's syndrome, Huntington's disease, and ataxias. It helps you to focus on the new discoveries you need to know about: the role of ubiquitin-proteosome and autophagy systems in neurodegeneration; genetics of Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders; innovative medical and surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease and hyperkinetic movement disorders; and more. It allows you to stay up to date with new information on autoimmune disorders, novel deliveries of drugs, and new formulations of botulinum toxin. You can get the benefit from access to an outstanding online video library (with dozens of new videos) that demonstrate what you're likely to see in practice and key elements to look for. You can instantly view videos online with your tablet or smartphone, thanks to new QR codes inserted throughout the text. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: dozens of videos that demonstrate the movement and posture abnormalities and other disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease and other neurologic disorders. It provides complete content with enhanced navigation. It has powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web. It offers cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation. It has highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text. It provides the ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues. It also offers quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use.
Preventing Thiazide‐Induced Hyperglycemia: Opportunities for Clinical Pharmacists

Thiazide diuretics, as well as the thiazide-like diuretic chlorthalidone, have been recommended as first-line therapy for hypertension for over 30 years. (Both thiazide diuretics and thiazide-like diuretics will be referred to as thiazides in this editorial.) Thiazide use, however, declined in the 1980s and 1990s, mostly due to the drugs’ metabolic effects and the active marketing of newer agents. The Antihypertensive and LipidLowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) and other trials demonstrated that despite the modest metabolic effects of thiazides, newer agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and -blockers were not superior to chlorthalidone. Yet only a minority of antihypertensive regimens include a thiazide, even though the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (published in 2003) recommended the use of thiazides for most patients. In 2004, 26% of patients treated in private practice and 41% treated by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs were prescribed a diuretic. In recent years, one of the most controversial topics in the treatment of hypertension has been the onset of diabetes mellitus after the start of therapy with antihypertensives, especially thiazides. Many clinicians, concerned about the prevalence of diabetes, have advocated against the use of thiazides as initial therapy for hypertension. Until recently, what was largely lost in this discussion was the relationship between hyperglycemia and hypokalemia, which has been well described for over 40 years. 6 This controversy has important implications for clinical pharmacists for a couple of reasons. First, many physicians inappropriately avoid the use of thiazides, contributing to poor blood pressure control. 8 Clinical pharmacists can help optimize therapy for hypertension by over-coming barriers to thiazide use. Second, a recent working group from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) recommended research to evaluate the mechanism of diuretic-induced hyperglycemia and clinical studies to investigate the prevention of hyperglycemia. Funding may be available for clinical pharmacists who choose to study thiazide-induced hyperglycemia.
Geoparsing and Geosemantics for Social Media: Spatiotemporal Grounding of Content Propagating Rumors to Support Trust and Veracity Analysis during Breaking News

In recent years, there has been a growing trend to use publicly available social media sources within the field of journalism. Breaking news has tight reporting deadlines, measured in minutes not days, but content must still be checked and rumors verified. As such, journalists are looking at automated content analysis to prefilter large volumes of social media content prior to manual verification. This article describes a real-time social media analytics framework for journalists. We extend our previously published geoparsing approach to improve its scalability and efficiency. We develop and evaluate a novel approach to geosemantic feature extraction, classifying evidence in terms of situatedness, timeliness, confirmation, and validity. Our approach works for new unseen news topics. We report results from four experiments using five Twitter datasets crawled during different English-language news events. One of our datasets is the standard TREC 2012 microblog corpus. Our classification results are promising, with F1 scores varying by class from 0.64 to 0.92 for unseen event types. We lastly report results from two case studies during real-world news stories, showcasing different ways our system can assist journalists filter and cross-check content as they examine the trust and veracity of content and sources.
DNP3 network scanning and reconnaissance for critical infrastructure

The Distributed Network Protocol v3.0 (DNP3) is one of the most widely used protocols to control national infrastructure. The move from point-to-point serial connections to Ethernet-based network architectures, allowing for large and complex critical infrastructure networks. However, networks and configurations change, thus auditing tools are needed to aid in critical infrastructure network discovery. In this paper we present a series of intrusive techniques used for reconnaissance on DNP3 critical infrastructure. Our algorithms will discover DNP3 outstation slaves along with their DNP3 addresses, their corresponding master, and class object configurations. To validate our presented DNP3 reconnaissance algorithms and demonstrate it's practicality, we present an implementation of a software tool using a DNP3 plug-in for Scapy. Our implementation validates the utility of our DNP3 reconnaissance technique. Our presented techniques will be useful for penetration testing, vulnerability assessments and DNP3 network discovery.
Shared prescribing? A focus group study with community pharmacists

Background The RESPECT (Randomised Evaluation of Shared Prescribing for the Elderly in the Community, randomised over Time) trial was a multi-centre pragmatic trial of pharmaceutical care in the community, which took place in five areas of East and North Yorkshire. Objectives This paper reports a qualitative study designed to explore attitudes of community pharmacists towards the process of ‘pharmaceutical care’ as tested in the trial. Methods We recruited 21 pharmacists from the trial into four focus groups, moderated by an independent researcher, and analysed using a thematic qualitative approach. Results Four themes emerged from the data: the pharmacist–patient relationship; the pharmacist–general practitioner (GP) relationship; the pharmacists’ continuing professional development; and the role of peer support. Pharmacists welcomed this opportunity for more collaborative working with patients, GPs and peers. Conclusion There is evidence of sub-optimal teamwork between community pharmacists and GP prescribers, which could be improved by more joint training and by new extended roles for pharmacists.
The Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Tabriz, Iran: A Five Year Retrospective Study

Article type: Original Article Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 10-20% of tuberculosis is Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), which is much higher (50%) in patients suffering from immunity defects such as AIDS. EPTB diagnosis is difficult mostly because of various clinical manifestations and aggressive procedures needed for its diagnosis. The main goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of EPTB in the north west of Iran and also to investigate the different clinical characteristics of the studied population, the various clinical manifestations and organ involvement of EPTB, as well. Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively using the data from Tabriz Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center from 2007 through 2011. Questionnaires were designed to extract relevant information to describe characteristics of EPTB affected population and also various clinical manifestations and organ involvement of the disease among the patients. Results: The study included 203 EPTB cases notified from 2007 through 2011 including, 91 (44.83%) males and 112 (55.17%) females. The mean age of the patients was 46.55 ± 18.3. The main extra pulmonary involvements of the studied population were lymphadenitis (9.35%), pleural (7.39%) and spinal (5.42%) among males and lymphadenitis (17.24%), ocular (7.88%), pleural (6.40%) and spinal (5.91%) among females, respectively. Conclusion: Since EPTB diagnosis is a challenging and time sparing attempt even by the expert physicians, there is a need to perform further researches in order to identify the main clinical manifestations and organ involvement of EPTB in patients.
Prazosin for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Sleep Disturbances

An estimated 70–87% of patients who suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience sleep disruption. These patients have distressing dreams or nightmares in which the traumatic event is reexperienced, and they also have difficulty in falling or staying asleep. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the treatment of choice for PTSD, but with the exception of fluvoxamine, they are often ineffective or only partially effective for sleep problems. Sedative‐hypnotics may be helpful in the short term but are associated with tolerance and addiction potential. In the central nervous system, α1‐adrenergic receptors are known to be important in both the startle and sleep responses. Stimulation of these receptors may contribute to PTSD‐related trauma‐content nightmares. Prazosin, a highly lipophilic α1‐adrenergic receptor blocker that is traditionally used to treat hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia, has been shown to decrease the occurrence of trauma nightmares in both combat veterans and patients with non‐combat‐related PTSD. The available data, although mostly from open‐label trials, suggest that this agent also improves sleep quality and patients' sense of well‐being and ability to function in daily activities. The optimum dose is unknown; however, a dose‐related response appears to be evident. Clinicians should monitor for orthostatic hypotension, usually seen early in therapy, when prazosin is started in patients with PTSD.
Discrepancies in Identification of Major Bleeding Events in Patients Taking Warfarin

Study Objective. To assess the level of agreement between one subjective definition of major bleeding (criteria A) and two objective definitions: the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis ([ISTH] criteria B) and the Italian Study of Complications of Anticoagulant Therapy ([ISCOAT] criteria C).