Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Implementation Of Analytic Hierarchy Process In Pharmaceutical Industry For Selection Process Of 3rd Party Logistics Service Provider

Deciding to outsource a company’s warehousing and distribution is never easy. Although cost is certainly one of the major considerations, there are many other criteria such as quality, reputation and service level that are part of the decision making process. Many companies from different industries prefer to outsource logistics activities by evaluating different information when choosing the right logistics partner. Through this, companies also gain experience about working with a strategic partner for outsourcing. Also, the experience/former performance of the potential partner is one of the most important performance indicator and decision criteria for the logistics provider selection. Therefore, experience is one of the key driver in decision making process. Since pharmaceutical industry has its own priorities due to stricter quality standards, the experience related to the former performance is a more relevant factor in the decision criteria. In this study, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to evaluate selection process of 3PL service providers in pharmaceutical industry. Also, the relative weights of the four criteria and twelve sub-criteria were determined to select the most important criteria in pharmaceutical industry which was experience with its factor weight of 32.40%.
Periodic breathing: Quantitative analysis and clinical description

Broadly speaking, quantitative investigations of periodic breathing (PB) have been of two types: l) empirical studies in which mathematical signal processing techniques have been used to analyze respiratory oscillations; ‘-11 and 2) modeling studies in which mathematical descriptions have been assigned to elements of the respiratory control system in order to simulate PB.l2-I8 The empirical investigations have served both to characterize the physiologic “black-box’’ whose output is ventilation and to provide qualitative bases for testing the validity and utility of the mathematical models. Taken together, these models of PB provide a consistent conceptual framework by which most circumstances known to induce PB can be mechanistically understood. Recent models are governed by analytic equations that clearly highlight the interactions of key physiologic variables that can cause PB.16-18 Empirical and modeling approaches have been quantitatively combined with the first use of a model to predict the ventilatory oscillations of individual subjects. l1
Development and Significance of Business Dispute Management to Managers

Disputes are inevitable social phenomena in society, and they exist equally in the business world. As industrial and commercial environments of business operations become more complex and uncertain, business disputes arise with increasing frequency from every perspective of products, projects and services. In Hellard's words, 'There will always be misunderstandings and conflicts of interest between those involved if only because of the general problems of communication across technical and commercial disciplines' [I]. Business disputes can be defined as the conflicts that arise among business entities as a result of incompatible business interests during the course of business transactions. They differ from corporate disputes [2] in that business disputes are inter-organizational commercial disputes; corporate disputes are intra-organizational disputes. Business disputes arise from activities such as joint venture arrangements, technology transfers, construction projects, sales-purchasing contracts, intellectual property agreements, and information technology outsourcing. An example of a business dispute is the lBM-Fuj itsu controversyoverthe intellectual property rights of computer software [3]. Labour-management conflict is an example of a corporate dispute.
Antioxidant capacity and antioxidants of strawberry, blackberry, and raspberry leaves.

�epigallocatechin, �procyanidinB1)�wasstudiedbyHPLC-ECDandtheir� antioxidantcapacitieswerecomparedtotheantioxidantcapacityoftheextracts. �Outofthecompoundsstudied,�mostly� (+)-catechin, �ellagicacid, �and�(-)-epicatechinparticipatedintheantioxidantcapacitiesofthestudiedplantleaveswater� extracts. �Theantioxidantcapacityofleavesinfusions�(determinedbyDPPHmethod) �waslowerthanthoseofredwines� andteainfusions,�butcomparabletotheantioxidantcapacitiesofwhitewinesandfruitbeverages. �
Course of and sequelae to 248 petrosal fractures.

The course of and sequelae to 26 transverse and 222 longitudinal fractures of the petrous portion are reported. Most patients were followed for a long time and seen 2–7 years after the trauma. Hearing loss of the conductive type has a very favourable prognosis, but for therapeutic and insurance reasons the patients should be followed.
Abnormal accumulation and recycling of glycoproteins visualized in Niemann–Pick type C cells using the chemical reporter strategy

Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease is characterized by impaired cholesterol efflux from late endosomes and lysosomes and secondary accumulation of lipids. Although impaired trafficking of individual glycoproteins and glycolipids has been noted in NPC cells and other storage disorders, there is currently no effective way to monitor their localization and movement en masse. Using a chemical reporter strategy in combination with pharmacologic treatments, we demonstrate a disease-specific and previously unrecognized accumulation of a diverse set of glycoconjugates in NPC1-null and NPC2-deficient fibroblasts within endocytic compartments. These labeled vesicles do not colocalize with the cholesterol-laden compartments of NPC cells. Experiments using the endocytic uptake marker dextran show that the endosomal accumulation of sialylated molecules can be largely attributed to impaired recycling as opposed to altered fusion of vesicles. Treatment of either NPC1-null or NPC2-deficient cells with cyclodextrin was effective in reducing cholesterol storage as well as the endocytic accumulation of sialoglycoproteins, demonstrating a direct link between cholesterol storage and abnormal recycling. Our data further demonstrate that this accumulation is largely glycoproteins, given that inhibitors of O-glycan initiation or N-glycan processing led to a significant reduction in staining intensity. Taken together, our results provide a unique perspective on the trafficking defects in NPC cells, and highlight the utility of this methodology in analyzing cells with altered recycling and turnover of glycoproteins.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection at the Time of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccination Has No Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

ABSTRACT Several porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccines are now commercially available and have been shown to be effective at decreasing the occurrence of porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Many herds are coinfected with PCV2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Some producers and veterinarians are concerned that if pigs are vaccinated for PCV2 at or near the time that they are typically infected with PRRSV, the efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine will be compromised. The impact of PRRSV on PCV2 vaccination is unclear and has not been investigated under controlled conditions. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the presence of PRRSV viremia has an effect on the efficacy of commercial PCV2 vaccinations. Three-week-old PCV2-negative conventional pigs with passively derived anti-PCV2 antibodies were either vaccinated with one of three commercial PCV2 vaccines or left nonvaccinated. A portion of the pigs were infected with PRRSV 1 week prior to PCV2 vaccination. To determine vaccine efficacy, a PCV2 challenge was conducted at 8 weeks of age. PCV2 vaccination, regardless of PRRSV infection status at the time of vaccination, was similarly effective in inducing an anti-PCV2 IgG response in the presence of maternally derived immunity and in protecting the pigs from PCV2 challenge, as determined by a reduction in the level of PCV2 viremia and a reduction in the prevalence and amount of PCV2 antigen in lymphoid tissues in vaccinated pigs compared to nonvaccinated pigs. The results indicate that acute PRRSV infection at the time of PCV2 vaccination has no adverse effect on PCV2 vaccine efficacy.
Massive air embolism after lung biopsy.

A 69-year-old man presented with pneumogenic sepsis. A chest radiograph showed bilateral extensive infiltrates that did not respond to broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Progressive respiratory failure necessitated invasive mechanical ventilation (bilevel positive airway pressure, 0.5 inspiratory oxygen saturation; peak inspiratory pressure, 24 cm H2O; positive end-expiratory pressure, 8 cm H2O). Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed inflammatory infiltrates with caverns and bilateral pleural effusions. Blood and bronchoalveolar cultures remained sterile. Therefore, computed tomography-guided lung biopsy was performed with an 18-gauge core needle with the patient in prone position (Figure, A). A control computed tomography scan (Figure, B) revealed massive systemic air embolism. Shortly thereafter, the patient developed cardiorespiratory failure. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation remained unsuccessful. Figure. A , Computed tomography-guided lung biopsy of infiltrates was performed with an 18-gauge needle and the patient in prone position. B , Air embolism after lung biopsy involving intercostal arteries (arrow), coronary arteries (arrowheads), and the aorta (white asterisk). Percutaneous computed tomography-guided lung biopsy is a frequently performed procedure for histological and microbiological analyses of pulmonary …
Sensitivity to sunscreens

The patients sensitized to sunscreen agents who attended our Contact Dermatitis Clinic between February 1985 to March 1987 have been reviewed. 15 (5%) of 280 patients tested with sunscreens had positive reactions: 3 of them were allergic to more than one agent. The most frequent contact allergens were hydroxy methoxy methyl benzophenone (Mexenone) [6]. followed by isopropyl dibenzylomethane (Eusolex 8020/8021) [5], octyl dimethyl para‐aminobenzoate [Escalol 507)[2]. and one reaction each to butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1739). amyl dimethyl para aminobenzoate (Escalol 506). and ethoxy ethyl‐p‐methoxy cinamate (Givtan F). Positive photopatch tests were seen with isopropyl dibenzoylmethane butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane‐, para‐amtnobenzoate (PABA) and ethoxy ethyl‐p‐methoxy cinnamate, one reaction each.
Hyperplastic cholangitis in a naturally Toxoplasma gondii-infected cat

The body of a one-year-old female domestic short-haired cat was submitted for post-mortem evaluation with a history of severe hepatic failure characterized by jaundice, vomiting and diarrhoea. The animal was euthanized as requested by the owner due to its poor clinical condition. At necropsy, external mucosae and subcutaneous tissues were overtly jaundiced. The liver was enlarged and diffusely pale, and showed a grey lobular pattern. On cut section, biliary ducts were dilated up to 3 mm, with thickened wall, and creamy yellow content (Figure 1). The gallbladder was white coloured and markedly distended, and contained yellow-white catarrhal material. The pancreas was hardened and showed scattered 12 mm nodules. Other organs examined grossly were unremarkable. The creamy material within bile ducts was collected and smeared onto glass slides for cytological examinations after MayGr€Giemsa staining. Tissue samples were collected from the liver and main organs, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned at 4 mm and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Cytologically, the examined samples were highly cellular and displayed several columnar cells with pale blue cytoplasm and oval nuclei (bile duct epithelial cells). Blue ovoid 3-mm inclusions were evident within the cytoplasm of these cells, either individual or in roundish aggregates, and were morphologically consistent with coccidian parasites belonging the Eucoccidiorida order (e.g., Isospora spp., Eimeria spp., Toxoplasma gondii )( Figure 2). Histological examination of the liver showed a severe subacute eosinophilic cholangitis, with marked hyperplasia of the biliary epithelium, moderate to marked periportal fibrosis and biliary duct ectasia. Cellular inclusions consistent with those observed at cytology were present in the luminal portion of bile duct cells (Figure 3). A mild lymphocytic infiltrate (periportal chronic hepatitis) was also evident in the liver parenchyma surrounding portal tracts. Accessory findings were chronic interstitial pancreatitis with marked periductal lymphocytic infiltrate, necrotizing pneumonia and diffuse alveolar oedema. Protozoal inclusions were not evident in tissues other than biliary tree.
Towards Energy-Aware Multi-Core Scheduling

ABSTRACT There are two major current trends that can easily be identified in computer industry: (i) the shift towards massively parallelization fostered by multi-core technology resulting in growing numbers of cores per processor and (ii) the increasing importance of energy-awareness in computing due to rising energy costs and environmental awareness. In current operating systems, these two issues are often addressed independently: one component, the scheduler, assigns processes to cores and a second component manages the power states of individual cores in time. In this paper, we explain why this orthogonal treatment can lead to problems such as a considerably degraded system performance in case of on-demand processor power state management. Furthermore, we present an approach to energy-aware multi-core scheduling at the operating system level avoiding the performance penalty while still saving energy. To corroborate our argumentation and to illustrate the applicability of the presented approach, we give numbers from experiments based on Linux and current multi-core processors.
Task-oriented training in rehabilitation after stroke: systematic review.

AIM This paper is a report of a review conducted to provide an overview of the evidence in the literature on task-oriented training of stroke survivors and its relevance in daily nursing practice. BACKGROUND Stroke is the second leading cause of death and one of the leading causes of adult disability in the Western world. The use of neurodevelopmental treatment in the daily nursing care of stroke survivors does not improve clinical outcomes. Nurses are therefore exploring other forms of rehabilitation intervention, including task-oriented rehabilitation. Despite the growing number of studies showing evidence on task-oriented interventions, recommendations for daily nursing practice are lacking. DATA SOURCES A range of databases was searched to identify papers addressing task-oriented training in stroke rehabilitation, including Medline, CINAHL, Embase and the Cochrane Library of systematic reviews. Papers published in English between January 1996 and September 2007 were included. There were 42 papers in the final dataset, including nine systematic reviews. REVIEW METHODS The selected randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews were assessed for quality. Important characteristics and outcomes were extracted and summarized. RESULTS Studies of task-related training showed benefits for functional outcome compared with traditional therapies. Active use of task-oriented training with stroke survivors will lead to improvements in functional outcomes and overall health-related quality of life. CONCLUSION Generally, task-oriented rehabilitation proved to be more effective. Many interventions are feasible for nurses and can be performed in a ward or at home. Nurses can and should play an important role in creating opportunities to practise meaningful functional tasks outside of regular therapy sessions.
On lower barrier insurance risk processes

In this thesis we present a new model, namely the lower barrier model, based on the fundamental works in the context of ruin theory and risk process modelling, where we are concerned with the level of an insurer’s surplus for a portfolio of insurance policies. The idea is to impose a lower barrier that is above zero on the ordinary risk process, so that it prevents the process from falling below a certain level but does not prevent the ruin event. We justify the realistic application of this lower barrier model using the idea of a reinsurance arrangement. Firstly, we impose the lower barrier on the classical risk model and study the ultimate ruin probability. We assume a fixed amount of capital to be held by the insurer, and under a number of different scenarios, we find the optimal choices of the lower barrier level that produces the minimal ultimate ruin probability. We also compare the results with the ultimate ruin probability under the classical risk model and see that the new model is effective in reducing the ultimate ruin probability. We also look at the validity of the proposed arrangement from the reinsurer’s perspective. Having the results for the ultimate ruin probability, we then step further into the study of the deficit at ruin, the surplus before ruin, under the infinite time framework. We use numerical examples to show how the lower barrier model alters the distributions of these quantities and compare the changes in the mean and standard deviation.
Imaging of biliary tract disease.

W551 disease believed to increase the risk of cholangiocarcinoma [3]. Sclerosing cholangitis often presents with clinical features of biliary obstruction, such as jaundice and pruritus, but usually in the absence of signs of infection. Primary sclerosing cholangitis tends to involve the intrahepatic bile ducts to a greater extent than the extrahepatic ducts. Approximately 15% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis develop cholangiocarcinoma [4]. Cholangiocarcinoma is less common than other hepatic and cholecystic malignancies, representing approximately 1% of all malignancies. Most cholangiocarcinomas are adenocarcinomas [5]. Most patients with cholangiocarcinoma present between the sixth and seventh decades of life; however, patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis can develop cholangiocarcinoma at a younger age [5]. The extrahepatic biliary ducts are affected more commonly than the intrahepatic ducts [5]. An increased serum CA19-9 level can also be observed in patients with cholangiocarcinoma, whereas elevated α-fetoprotein levels are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma rather than cholangiocarcinoma [5]. Biliary obstruction is most commonly due to choledocholithiasis. Obstruction may also be a consequence of biliary strictures, malignancy, iatrogenic disease, and parasitic disease [6]. Biliary obstruction precipitates acute suppurative cholangitis by causing hepatovenous reflux and subsequent bacteremia [7]. The organisms most commonly associated with acute suppurative cholangitis include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Proteus species, Bacteroides species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [8]. The classic clinical presentation is of right upper quadrant pain, fever, and jaundice (Charcot triad), sometimes with hypotension and altered consciousness (Reynolds pentad) [6, 9]. Acute suppurative cholangitis may lead Imaging of Biliary Tract Disease
Predicting Violence Among Forensic-Correctional Populations

Research on violence prediction during the past 2 decades has evolved appreciably in terms of depicting determinants of violence and developing psychometrically sound actuarial measures to predict the probability of future violent behavior. This article provides a brief synopsis of information on predicting violence gained in the past 2 decades, the methodological advances evolved, and finally significant gaps in violence prediction that still exist for future research endeavors.
Running head : DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY SCATTER 1 Evidence-based assessment and Cognitive Profile Scatter : Clinical Acumen or Clinical Illusion ?

Within the professional literature, it is frequently suggested that interpretation of cognitive profile scatter may be useful for clinical and/or diagnostic decision-making. To wit, Hale and colleagues (2008) posit that cognitive scatter is a defining characteristic of learning disabilities and that individuals with learning disabilities may have higher levels of scatter than normal controls. To investigate the tenability of this claim, the present study employed diagnostic efficiency statistics and other psychometric methods for examining the utility of proposed diagnostic indicators (e.g., receiver operative characteristic curve, Bayesian nomogram) to determine the degree to which cognitive scatter accurately discriminated between individuals with and without a known learning disability diagnosis in the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (KABC-II; Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004a) normative sample. Results indicated that the diagnostic utility of cognitive profile scatter was no better than chance regardless of the level of scatter that was observed. The current negative results suggest that practitioners who interpret cognitive profile scatter may risk diagnostic overconfidence and in the case of SLD identification, unacceptable levels of false positive decisions attributable to error. Implications for evidence-based assessment in clinical and school psychology are discussed.
Systematic characterization of human CD8+ T cells with natural killer cell markers in comparison with natural killer cells and normal CD8+ T cells

We investigated the function of CD56+ CD8+ T cells (CD56+ T cells) and CD56− CD57+ CD8+ T cells (CD57+ T cells; natural killer (NK)‐type T cells) and compared them with those of normal CD56− CD57− CD8+ T cells (CD8+ T cells) and CD56+ NK cells from healthy volunteers. After the stimulation with immobilized anti‐CD3 antibodies, both NK‐type T cells produced much larger amounts of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) than CD8+ T cells. Both NK‐type T cells also acquired a more potent cytotoxicity against NK‐sensitive K562 cells than CD8+ T cells while only CD56+ T cells showed a potent cytotoxicity against NK‐resistant Raji cells. After the stimulation with a combination of interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐12 and IL‐15, the IFN‐γ amounts produced were NK cells ≥ CD56+ T cells ≥ CD57+ T cells > CD8+ T cells. The cytotoxicities against K562 cells were NK cells > CD56+ T cells ≥ CD57+ T cells > CD8+ T cells while cytotoxicities against Raji cells were CD56+ T cells > CD57+ T cells ≥ CD8+ T cells ≥ NK cells. However, the CD3‐stimulated proliferation of both NK‐type T cells was smaller than that of CD8+ T cells partly because NK‐type T cells were susceptible to apoptosis. In addition to NK cells, NK‐type T cells but not CD8+ T cells stimulated with cytokines, expressed cytoplasmic perforin and granzyme B. Furthermore, CD3‐stimulated IFN‐γ production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlated with the proportions of CD57+ T cells in PBMC from donors. Our findings suggest that NK‐type T cells play an important role in the T helper 1 responses and the immunological changes associated with ageing.