Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survey of medication error by nurses self-report in intensive care unit of Imam Khomeini hospital-Tehran

The prevalence of medication error has a significant issue related to patient and healthcare system in recent years. The most common medical errors are medication errors that could raise concern about the quality of the health system. This study aimed to determine the type and frequency of medication error by nurses self-reporting in general intensive care unit of Imam Khomeini hospital that took place. Present study is a descriptive type and research society is all nurses working (n=40) in intensive care unit in 2014. The data were collected using questionnaire designed by the researcher then using by descriptive statistic, independent t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were analyzed. We used SPSS version 20. According to information that obtained in this study the total number of error reported was 1426 and the average was errors per person 47.53. The highest rate of medication errors related to unauthorized drug (23.56 %), monitoring error (19.65 %) and wrong time administration medication. The result of statistical analysis data, indicated significant relationship between gender (p=0.001) and shift work (p=0.03) whit of medication error. This study showed a significant number of medication errors, provided of training programs and performance monitoring of nurses and other healthcare team members, creating error record holding regular system and survey its definitely can be effective. Interventional studies related to error reduction strategies, such as the balance of nurse stuff and patient and changing shift pattern recommended.
Dilution effect and identity effect by wildlife in the persistence and recurrence of bovine tuberculosis

SUMMARY Current theories on disease-diversity relationships predict a strong influence of host richness on disease transmission. In addition, identity effect, caused by the occurrence of particular species, can also modify disease risk. We tested the richness effect and the identity effects of mammal species on bovine tuberculosis (bTB), based on the regional bTB outbreak data in cattle from 2005–2010 in Africa. Besides, we also tested which other factors were associated with the regional bTB persistence and recurrence in cattle. Our results suggested a dilution effect, where higher mammal species richness (MSR) was associated with reduced probabilities of bTB persistence and recurrence in interaction with cattle density. African buffalo had a positive effect on bTB recurrence and a positive interaction effect with cattle density on bTB persistence, indicating an additive positive identity effect of buffalo. The presence of greater kudu had no effect on bTB recurrence or bTB persistence. Climatic variables only act as risk factors for bTB persistence. In summary, our study identified both a dilution effect and identity effect of wildlife and showed that bTB persistence and recurrence were correlated with different sets of risk factors. These results are relevant for more effective control strategies and better targeted surveillance measures in bTB.
[Levels of programmed death-1 and programmed death ligand-1 in the peripheral blood of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical implications].

OBJECTIVE To detect the expression levels of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the peripheral blood of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to discuss their biological and clinical significance. METHODS PD-1/PD-L1 expression on the surface of T-lymphocytes and the counts of T-lymphocyte subpopulations of peripheral blood in 82 patients with OSCC (OSCC group) and 25 healthy controls (control group) were examined via flow cytometry. The expression levels of soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the serum were observed through enzyme-link immunology method. The data were tested and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS The percentage of CD8+ T cells in the OSCC group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), whereas the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 in CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in OSCC peripheral blood were remarkably higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). Difference was not observed between the expression levels of sPD-1 in the serum of OSCC group and those in the control group (P>0.05), but the average of sPD-L1 was remarkably higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). sPD-L1 expression was related to clinical stage, tumor cell differentiation, and lymph node status (P<0.05) but not related to sex, age, tumor location, and tumor size. CONCLUSION T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood of patients with OSCC developed immunosuppression with different degrees. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression levels on the surface of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells significantly increased. Abnormal increase in sPD-L1 expression may be associated with OSCC development.
Generalized moment estimators for the Nakagami fading parameter

Moment-based estimation of the Nakagami-m fading parameter is studied. A family of new, generalized, estimators, based on real (integer and possibly noninteger) sample moments, is derived. A new integer-moment estimator that outperforms known integer-moment estimators is presented. The new moment-based estimators are asymptotically unbiased and efficient.
Alternative roles for Cdk5 in learning and synaptic plasticity

Protein kinases mediate the intracellular signal transduction pathways controlling synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. While the majority of protein kinases achieve this function via the phosphorylation of synaptic substrates, some kinases may contribute through alternative mechanisms in addition to enzymatic activity. There is growing evidence that protein kinases may often play structural roles in plasticity as well. Cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) has been implicated in learning and synaptic plasticity. Initial scrutiny focused on its enzymatic activity using pharmacological inhibitors and genetic modifications of Cdk5 cofactors. Quite recently Cdk5 has been shown to govern learning and plasticity via regulation of glutamate receptor degradation, a function that may not dependent on phosphorylation of downstream effectors. From these new studies, two roles emerge for Cdk5 in plasticity: one in which it controls structural plasticity via phosphorylation of synaptic substrates, and a second where it regulates functional plasticity via protein‐protein interactions.
Musculoskeletal connective tissue cells with muscle: Expression of muscle actin in and contraction of fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts

The expression of the gene for a muscle actin in certain nonmuscle cells and the contraction of these connective tissue cells has been associated with several important physiological and pathological processes; the contraction of healing skin wounds and the contracture in Dupuytren's disease being two notable examples. Studies in recent years have shown that a much wider variety of connective tissue cells than previously considered, including cells in many of the musculoskeletal tissues, e.g., chondrocytes and osteoblasts, can express the gene for α‐smooth muscle actin and can display contractile behavior. These findings suggest that muscle actin‐enabled cell contraction may also be playing important roles in the other connective tissues comprising the musculoskeletal system, namely, tendon, ligament, meniscus, intervertebral disc, articular cartilage, and bone.
An experimental study on tuning the consistency of NoSQL systems

The eventual consistency model has been widely adopted in NoSQL systems. By tolerating weak consistency, these systems attain high throughput and availability while sustaining side effects on user experience and developer friendliness. Trading off consistency from latency has been a common consensus. An important but widely ignored problem is how to control the consistency of an existing system without the necessity of modifying the system implementation. In this paper, we present a systematic study on the client‐centric consistency of a NoSQL system, Cassandra, and disclose how the consistency can be substantially enhanced by tuning the system configurations when users use partial quorum settings. We use session guarantee as the consistency model and analyze the root cause of consistency violation, testifying that the length of the write queue is a reasonable indicator for consistency quantification. For inconsistency mitigation, we show through extensive experiments how the consistency is affected by the read and write processes of the system, and how the consistency can be improved by tuning system configurations. In particular, we provide developers with recommended configurations by changing the write thread number and the fine‐grained quorum setting for enhanced consistency control. Because consistency anomalies do not occur uniformly, we discuss how to stabilize the consistency by analyzing system logs.
Mediating Factor of Emotional Intelligence in Intercultural Competence and Work Productivity of Volunteers

Volunteering, the volunteer’s intercultural competence and emotional intelligence contribute to intercultural education and sustainability in various societies of today. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of emotional intelligence and intercultural competence on work productivity of volunteers. The first part of the article substantiates theoretical associations between emotional intelligence, intercultural competence and work productivity. Based on theoretical insights, empirical research methodology was prepared, which consisted of four categories divided into sub-categories that provided the structure of the question groups. The empirical research involved seven informants working in Lithuania, who welcomed volunteers from abroad. The research was conducted using the method of semi-structured interviews. The conclusions present a systematic perspective towards the role of emotional intelligence in the intercultural competence and work productivity of volunteers. In this context, emotional intelligence works as a mediating factor. The contributing role of volunteer-receiving organisations in the development of the volunteers’ emotional intelligence is also highlighted.
Percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation in the management of lung tumors: presentation of clinical experience on a series of 35 patients.

PURPOSE To present our results in a series of 35 patients with malignant pulmonary lesions, who underwent radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA) during a period of 18 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our institution, 55 RFA sessions under computed tomography (CT) guidance were performed on 48 pulmonary malignant lesions (23 inoperable primary and 25 metastatic) in 35 patients. RESULTS Total necrosis was noted in 19 primary (82.6%) and in 19 metastatic lesions (76%). In four primary (17.4%) and in six metastatic lesions (14%), partial necrosis was achieved, and a second RFA session was performed. The 6-month spiral CT follow-up demonstrated recurrence in seven lesions (14.5%) (four primary and three metastatic), which were treated with an additional RFA session. Two of the patients who underwent the procedure died of disseminated disease after one year, accounting for a 1-year survival rate of 94.2%. Mean survival was 14.48 +/- 3.3 months. CONCLUSION RFA is an effective method for treating unresectable lung carcinoma and lung metastases.
Automatic Synchronization of Markerless Video and Wearable Sensors for Walking Assessment

As walking assessment is commonly done through visual inspection, it is beneficial to make joint angle information available to the clinicians for better assessment. The main challenge is that the video camera and inertial sensor are usually two separate systems, and the recordings are hard to be initialized at the same time manually. This creates a problem that the inertial sensor data is not temporally synchronized with the video camera. This paper proposes a method to synchronize the video and sensor data by detecting and matching the maximum backward swings of the leg. The proposed method is validated by blinking LED and transmitting LED flag to the computer at the same time. The synchronization error of the proposed method is low at about 0 ± 2 frames compared to the validation method.
Sensitive radioimmunoassay for the broad-spectrum antiviral agent ribavirin

Ribavirin, 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxyamide (Virazole; Viratek, Inc., Covina, Calif.), has a broad spectrum of antiviral activity. However, the study of the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of this compound has been limited by the lack of an appropriate assay for ribavirin and its metabolites. Since ribavirin has definite potential for therapeutic use, we developed a radioimmunoassay to measure ribavirin levels in clinical specimens. To prepare an effective immunogen, ribavirin was monosuccinylated and coupled to ovalbumin. The competitive binding radioimmunoassay, in which tritium-labeled ribavirin and rabbit antiribavirin serum were used, was quantitative for ribavirin at concentrations of 1 pmol/100 microliter in urine or plasma samples. The rabbit antibody cross-reacted with the major metabolite of ribavirin, 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, at a low level (2 to 5%) which did not interfere with ribavirin binding until concentrations of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide 10- to 100-fold higher than ribavirin were present in mock samples, a condition not present in biological specimens. We used the ribavirin radioimmunoassay to determine the ribavirin concentration in mouse plasma after intraperitoneal administration, in the sera of adults from Sierra Leone after oral or intravenous administration for treatment of suspected Lassa fever, and in the sera of children in the United States after small-particle aerosol administration. Our experience with the radioimmunoassay indicates that it is sensitive, accurate, and reproducible. The assay will permit studies leading to a better understanding of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of this potentially useful antiviral drug.
Mutual Decoupling In Quad Band MIMO Slotted PIFA for Wireless Applications

-------------------------------------------------------------Abstract------------------------------------------------------------Mobile models like Nokia, Sony-Ericsson, Motorola uses Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) inside the mobile to operate in GSM and 3G band. Inorder to overcome the limitation of narrow bandwidth in conventional PIFA, slots are introduced in the radiating patch of PIFA. MIMO PIFA is designed to operate in different operating frequency bands like Digital Cellular System (DCS) band and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) band. U slots are introduced in both PIFAs to operate in multiband for both 3G and 4G applications. Efficiency of dual slotted antenna can be improved by reducing the mutual coupling using techniques such as electromagnetic band gap (EBG), dielectric wall, defected ground plane (DGP) and parallel slot.
Flora apícola de la zona estepa espinosa Montano Bajo, en la Estación Experimental Tunshi, Riobamba, Ecuador

E En este estudio se evalúa la situación actual sobre la disponibilidad de la flora melífera existente en la Estación Experimental Tunshi, para conocer las especies vegetales con potencial apícola, y su abundancia con la finalidad de programar actividades de manejo sostenibles. La investigación se desarrolló con base en la delimitación del área de muestreo, la revisión de información reportada en la literatura especializada, la identificación taxonómica de especies vegetales, mediante la observación directa de las plantas en el sito y su verificación en material especializado, complementado con el registro de su hábito de crecimiento, más la estimación del nivel de abundancia de la presencia de cada especie vegetal por unidad de uso de manejo del predio. En la investigación se generó un listado de 32 especies vegetales, pertenecientes a 17 familias botánicas. Se distingue la familia Fabaceae con 11 especies, Asteraceae con 3, seguida por las familias; Myrtaceae, Rosaceae y Solanaceae con dos especies. Así mismo la abundancia en el área de cultivos, resultó con más de 10.000 individuos con flores de Raphanus spp. , y entre 1.000 a 10.000 individuos Lupinus pubescens y Zea mays, con similar valor se determinó a Bidens andicola y Eucalyptus globulus presentes en los sistemas de usos; rastrojo y bosque plantado respectivamente. Aún es imperante complementar el estudio con datos de abundancia y su época e intensidad de floración afín a las abejas, por un periodo de al menos un año con el propósito de poder plantear estrategias de manejo que influyen en la sostenibilidad de la producción apícola.
Does the Golem Feel Pain? Moral Instincts and Ethical Dilemmas Concerning Suffering and the Brain

Pain has variously been used as a means of punishment, extracting information, or testing commitment, as a tool for education and social control, as a commodity for sacrifice, and as a draw for sport and entertainment. Attitudes concerning these uses have undergone major changes in the modern era. Normative convictions on what is right and wrong are generally attributed to religious tradition or to secular‐humanist reasoning. Here, we elaborate the perspective that ethical choices concerning pain have much earlier roots that are based on instincts and brain‐seated empathetic responses. They are fundamentally a function of brain circuitry shaped by processes of Darwinian evolution. Social convention and other environmental influences, with their idiosyncrasies, are a more recent, ever‐changing overlay. We close with an example in which details on the neurobiology of pain processing, specifically the question of where in the brain the experience of pain is generated, affect decision making in end‐of‐life situations. By separating innate biological substrates from culturally imposed attitudes (memes), we may arrive at a more reasoned approach to a morality of pain prevention.
Difference between islet cell antibodies and autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-containing Purkinje cells in IDDM.

Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary defines threshold as "the lower limit of stimulus capable of. evoking a response" (1). Thus, if a greater hypoglycemic stimulus (i.e., a lower plasma glucose concentration) is required to elicit a response, then the glycemic threshold for that response is higher or elevated. If a lesser hypoglycemic stimulus (i.e. a higher plasma glucose concentration) elicits a response, then the threshold is lower or reduced. This is the rationale for my current use of the terms elevated or reduced glycemic thresholds (2). Unfortunately, it has not always been so (3). However, to paraphrase Confucius, a person who makes a mistake and fails to correct that mistake has made another mistake. The fundamental point, of course, is that all authors must define their terminology clearly when discussing glycemic thresholds.
Single-cell selectivity and functional architecture of human lateral occipital complex

The human lateral occipital complex (LOC) is more strongly activated by images of objects compared to scrambled controls, but detailed information at the neuronal level is currently lacking. We recorded with microelectrode arrays in the LOC of two patients, and obtained highly selective single-unit, multi-unit and high-gamma responses to images of objects. Contrary to predictions derived from functional imaging studies, all neuronal properties indicated that the subsector of LOC we recorded from occupies an unexpectedly high position in the hierarchy of visual areas. Notably, the response latencies of LOC neurons were long, the shape selectivity was spatially clustered, LOC receptive fields were large and bilateral, and a number of LOC neurons exhibited 3D-structure selectivity (a preference for convex or concave stimuli), which are all properties typical of end-stage ventral stream areas. Thus, our results challenge prevailing ideas about the position of the LOC in the hierarchy of visual areas.
Development of a single board microwave sub-system based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology

In this paper, a novel microwave planar integration scheme is proposed based on SIW technology. All the passive components in RF transceiver are implemented using SIW, including antenna, duplexer, TX/RX filters and LO power divider. A demonstration X-band transceiver is designed in a single layer printed circuit board. The design of SIW components and RF/IF circuits are discussed, as well as various aspects of system integration. To author's knowledge, this work is the first to demonstrate a fully integrated solution based on SIW-like technology.
Comparative study of physical properties and bacterial contamination between local and imported straws frozen semen

Objective of study to display the differences between the some semen characteristics of imported and frozen of artificial insemination center-Iraqi straws and evaluate the bacterial contamination in these are straws. This study was carried out on two types of frozen semen straws samples storage in liquid nitrogen: Frozen bull semen straws samples imported from, Holland, Germany and U.S.A. ( from local market in Iraq) and Frozen bull semen straws samples production from three Holstein bulls used in artificial insemination center of Abou-Ghareeb western of Baghdad. After 48 hours of storage, thawing is achieved by placing the straw into a water bath at 37 ̊C for 30 seconds, then straw was cut from both sides and the first drop of semen was excluded while the second drop was evaluated for the percentages of motility, dead, abnormalities and concentration of sperms in each straws. In addition to bacteriological evaluation whether counting, isolation. Results revealed that the average individual motility percentage of sperm was significantly different between all straws which production from AI.center or imported. Also individual motility percentage of sperm for A.I.center straws more significantly <0.05 than straws imported from Holland, Germany and U.S.A, and individual motility percentage of sperm in straws imported from for Holland increase significantly <0.05 than Germany and U.S.A. The percentage of dead sperms for U.S.A straws and Germany straws different significantly <0.05 compared with Holland straws and all straws which production from all bulls for A.I.center. Present study arise that percentage of abnormalities sperms for U.S.A straws different significantly <0.05 compared with Germany, Holland straws. In addition to individual variation <0.05 in abnormality sperms for straws which production from A.I.center, in spite of recorded lowest percentage of abnormal sperms for A.I.center straws compared with all imported straws. Concentration of sperms for A.I.center straws for all bulls more significantly <0.05 than imported straws. Present study revealed that no isolated any bacteria from straws production locally whereas found in imported straws specimens were Streptococcus faecalis (16.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (33.3%) and some gram negative bacteria proteus spp. (8.3%). Also there were mixed isolates (Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli) 33.3%, (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) 8.3%.