Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PlanerInnen als "deliberative practitioners" - Auf dem Weg zu einem neuen, diskursiven Pragmatismus in der Planung(stheorie)?

Strategieorientierte Planung in ihrer neuesten Inkarnation setzt viel auf Beteiligungs- und Kommunikationsmodelle. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht diese Aspekte vor einem allgemeineren planungstheoretischen Hintergrund. Denn auch den pragmatischsten, praxisorientiertesten sozialwissenschaftlichen Neuor ientierungen tut es gut, wenn sie sich nicht nur aus einem bestimmten gesellschaftlichen Kontext heraus ableiten lassen, sondern auch auf einen soliden theoretischen Uberbau verweisen konnen. Wie steht es also um das sozialwissenschaftliche Theoriegebaude, das sich uber das neue BurgerInnenparadies eines strategieorientierten Staates rankt, der nun angeblich allen zuhort, alle mitdiskutieren lasst und alles kooperativ aushandelt? Berlin lasst seine stadtplanerisch-stadtebaulichen Zukunftsvisionen seit uber zehn Jahren in einem offentlichen Stadtforum diskutieren, definie rt als „Versuch einer diskursiven Beteiligung interessierter BurgerInnen an der stadtischen Politik “ 1 . Hannover beteiligt erstmals auch BurgerInnen an der Erstellung seines neuen Regionalen Raumordnungsprogramms. Und in 17 Berliner „Problemkiezen“ von Wedding bis Neukolln durften ausgewahlte BurgerInnenjurys gar uber die konkrete Verwendung von je einer halben Millionen Euro fur diverse Stadtteilprojekte entscheiden. Nur drei von vielen Beispielen fur neue Beteiligungsansatze in der Stadt- und Regiona lplanung. Zu optimistisch, wer glaubt, Beispiele wie diese seien lediglich einer benevolenten Eingebung einsichtiger StaatsdienerInnen, und insbesondere PlanerInnen, geschuldet, die plotzlich ein fur alle Mal 1
Susceptibility to atherosclerosis in aortas and coronary arteries of swine with von Willebrand's disease.

The development of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis was determined after balloon catheter injury of coronary arteries and administration of an atherogenic diet in normal pigs and pigs that were homozygous and heterozygous for von Willebrand's disease. Coronary atherosclerosis developed to a similar degree in all three phenotypic groups. The mean intimal thickness at the site of maximal thickness in ballooned vessels was . 51 mm in the normal pigs, . 67 mm in carrier pigs, and . 55 mm in bleeder pigs. The intimal thickness of non-ballooned vessels was . 28 mm in normal pigs, . 28 mm in carrier pigs, and . 35 mm in bleeder pigs. Fibrous lesions of atherosclerosis covered an average of 3.88% of the aorta in normal pigs, 2.83% in carrier pigs, and 2.37% in bleeder pigs. The difference between the aortic lesions of normal animals and bleeders was significant (P less than .05). Absence of von Willebrand factor was associated with limited resistance to atherosclerosis in the aortas of experimental pigs but did not affect the development of atherosclerosis in either ballooned or nonballooned coronary arteries. These findings suggest, first, that von Willebrand factor function is not essential to the development of the atherosclerotic lesion in this model and, second, that the role of the von Willebrand factor in the development of atherosclerosis is complicated and appears to involve interaction with variables not yet defined.
TIMING OF PARTURITION AS A MATERNAL CARE TACTIC IN AN ALPINE LIZARD SPECIES

Lack of ability to buffer postparturient offspring mortality risks may put a female under strong selection to time the birth of her young with benign environmental conditions. We provide support for timing of parturition as an adaptation in Tasmanian snow skinks (Niveoscincus) by demonstration of (1) ongoing selection against poorly timed parturitions, (2) retention of full‐term young through episodes of unfavorable conditions, and (3) phylogenetic shifts from autumn to spring parturition in taxa where costs of autumn parturition are expected to be relatively higher.
Real‐Time Subspace Integration for Example‐Based Elastic Material

Example‐based material allows simulating complex material behaviors in an art‐directed way. This paper presents a method for fast subspace integration for example‐based elastic material, which is suitable for real‐time simulation in computer graphics. At the core of the method is the formulation of a new potential using example‐based Green strain tensors. By using this potential, the deformation can be attracted towards the example‐based deformation feature space, the example weights can be explicitly obtained and the internal force can be decomposed into the conventional one and an additional one induced by the examples. The real‐time subspace integration is then developed with subspace integration costs independent of geometric complexity, and both the reduced conventional internal force and additional one being cubic polynomials in reduced coordinates. Experiments demonstrate that our method can achieve real‐time simulation while providing comparable quality with the prior art.
Molecular mechanisms conferring resistance/sensitivity to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis

Resistance to glucocorticoid induced apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has been attributed to several different processes and pathways including predominance of certain GR isoforms with reduced transcriptional activity, either due to altered binding capacity of the receptor to other transcription factors or co-regulators, disparate expression and consequent dissimilar balance between pro- versus anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, GR mitochondrial localisation, autophagy, and post-translational modifications which affect GR transcription target selectivity and protein stability differential GR phosphorylation affects components of cellular energy production pathways in distinct ways in resistant versus sensitive cells altering energy production and possibly ROS generation in unique ways in the two cell lines, suggesting that combination of kinase inhibitors, and glycolytic modulators together with dexamethasone could be a possible mean by which resistance to glucocorticoid induced apoptosis could be circumvented in ALL.
A New Era of the Vaginal Microbiome: Advances Using Next‐Generation Sequencing

Until recently, bacterial species that inhabit the human vagina have been primarily studied using organism‐centric approaches. Understanding how these bacterial species interact with each other and the host vaginal epithelium is essential for a more complete understanding of vaginal health. Molecular approaches have already led to the identification of uncultivated bacterial taxa associated with bacterial vaginosis. Here, we review recent studies of the vaginal microbiome and discuss how culture‐independent approaches, such as applications of next‐generation sequencing, are advancing the field and shifting our understanding of how vaginal health is defined. This work may lead to improved diagnostic tools and treatments for women who suffer from, or are at risk for, vaginal imbalances, pregnancy complications, and sexually acquired infections. These approaches may also transform our understanding of how host genetic factors, physiological conditions (e.g., menopause), and environmental exposures (e.g., smoking, antibiotic usage) influence the vaginal microbiome.
CE: Original Research Hospital System Barriers to Rapid Response Team Activation A Cognitive Work Analysis

BackgroundThe goal of rapid response team (RRT) activation in acute care facilities is to decrease mortality from preventable complications, but such efforts have been only moderately successful. Although recent research has shown decreased mortality when RRTs are activated more often, many hospitals have low activation rates. This has been linked to various hospital, team, and nursing factors. Yet there is a dearth of research examining how hospital systems shape nurses’ behavior with regard to RRT activation. Making systemic constraints visible and modifying them may be the key to improving RRT activation rates and saving more lives. PurposeThe purpose of this study was to use cognitive work analysis to describe factors within the hospital system that shape medical–surgical nurses’ RRT activation behavior. MethodsCognitive work analysis offers a framework for the study of complex sociotechnical systems. This framework was used as the organizing element of the study. Qualitative descriptive design was used to obtain data to fill the framework's five domains: resources, tasks, strategies, social systems, and worker competency. Data were obtained from interviews with 12 medical–surgical nurses and document review. Directed content analysis was used to place the obtained data into the framework's predefined domains. ResultsMany system factors affected participants’ decisions to activate or not activate an RRT. Systemic constraints, especially in cases of subtle or gradual clinical changes, included a lack of adequate information, the availability of multiple strategies, the need to justify RRT activation, a scarcity of human resources, and informal hierarchical norms in the hospital culture. The most profound constraint was the need to justify the call. Justification was based on the objective or subjective nature of clinical changes, whether the nurse expected to be able to “handle” these changes, the presence or absence of a physician, and whether there was an expectation of support from the RRT team. The need for justification led to delays in RRT activation. ConclusionsAlthough it's generally thought that RRTs are activated without hesitation, this study found the opposite was true. All of the aforementioned constraints increase the cognitive processing load on the nurse. The value of the RRT could be increased by modifying these constraints—in particular, by lifting the need to justify calls, improving protocols, and broadening the range of culturally acceptable triggers—and by involving the RRT earlier in patient cases through discussion, consultation, and collaboration.
Family members and health professionals’ perspectives on future life planning of ageing people with Down syndrome: a qualitative study

Abstract Objectives: To address the way in which primary caregivers of people over 45 with Down syndrome describe daily life activities and context and foresee their future. Methods: Thirteen family members and 15 health professionals participated to four focus groups. Meaningful concepts were identified and linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health using established linking rules. Results: A total of 258 relevant concepts were identified and linked to 75 categories of the classification: 38 were from activity and participation and 17 from environmental factors domains. The most commonly reported issues were mental functions (b117-intellectual functions and b152-emotional functions), community life activities (d910-community life and d920-recreation and leisure) and environmental factors (e310-support of immediate family, e355-support from health professionals and e555-associations and organizational services). Conclusions: Information on the daily life and health of ageing people with Down syndrome is important to plan social and health care interventions tailored to deal with problems that they may encounter in older age. Considering the interaction between health and environment and maintaining a continuity of daily routines were reported as the most relevant topics for managing daily lives of persons with Down syndrome in older ages. Implications for rehabilitation Pay more attention to the interaction between environmental factors and health condition in ageing people with Down syndrome. Information about the life contest are important in order to plan present and future social–health care interventions. Future planning for people with Down syndrome is a great concern for family members.
Recent Advances in Ocular Nucleic Acid-Based Therapies: The Silent Era

The central dogma of biology describes the transfer of biological information from DNA through to protein (1). In the first phase, known as transcription, DNA is converted into a complementary sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA allows the genetic message to be communicated outside of the cell nucleus, to other areas of the cell, where it is then translated into protein by ribosomes. Post-transcriptional regulatory events take place after an RNA molecule is formed; thereafter the resulting RNA molecule is decoded to produce a specific protein. Protein production depends on the length of survival of RNA in a cell and the efficiency of its utilizations.
Algorithm of DFT leakage minimization by using optimization methods

The phenomenon of leakage is a fundamental problem in determining the harmonic components using DFT or FFT. It occurs when the measurement window does not coincide with the base period. The paper analyzes problems connected with this phenomenon. A method of elimination of leakage is proposed by using optimization methods. Examples of the benefits of using the presented method for determining the harmonic components of signals are shown.
Signal detection with a shift invariant noise model based on wavelet bases

This paper proposes the use of translation invariant dual-tree discrete wavelet transform (DT DWT) noise model to the problem of multipath signals detection in underwater sound. The design procedures for an adaptive model of the background noise, using recursive density estimation of the joint distribution of the multivariate vectors of its shift-invariant DT DWT, which allows the transform to provide shift invariance are described. When the input signal is shifted as in a multipath environment, this shift-invariant DT DWT can generate multiresolution subspaces, that keep more of their coefficient energy in each of these subspaces than in DWTs. For this improvement, the performance of this method can be increased by reducing the false alarm probability of detecting a multipath signal in a range of different signal-to-noise ratios.
Learning Kernel-based HMMs for dynamic sequence synthesis

In this paper we present an approach that synthesizes a dynamic sequence from another related sequence, and apply it to a virtual conductor: to synthesize linked figure animation from an input music track. We propose that the mapping between two dynamic sequences can be modeled with a Kernel-based Hidden Markov model, or KHMM. A KHMM is an HMM for which the kernel-based functions are used to model the state observation density of the joint input and output distribution. Specifically, the state observation density is estimated by employing a likelihood-weighted sampling scheme. Our KHMM model is ideal for dynamic sequence synthesis because the global dynamics are learned by the HMM, and subtle details in the dynamic mapping are kept in the kernel-based state density. We demonstrate our virtual conductor by synthesizing extensive animation sequences from input music sequences with different styles and beat patterns.
Are foreign banks the efficiency benchmark in China ’ s banking sector ?

Since the end of 2006, wholly foreign-owned banks (WFOBs) in China have been extended national treatment. Divergent perspectives have been offered regarding the likely outcome that direct competition between WFOBs and domestic banks (DBs) will have. This paper seeks to shed light on the impact of market entry by WFOBs by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compare the technical, allocative and cost efficiency of 17 leading WFOBs and DBs at year-end 2007. The results indicate that while both groups have similar levels of technical efficiency, WFOBs lag behind DBs with respect to cost efficiency because they use a less than optimal fixed asset / employee ratio. These findings suggest that the solvency fears sometimes expressed for DBs as a result of direct competition with WFOBs should not be overstated. JEL classifications – F23,G21, G28
Vector control schemes for Tandem-converter fed induction motor drives

The tandem converter is an arrangement of two inverters connected in parallel: a high-power pulse-amplitude modulated current-source inverter and a low-power pulse-width modulated voltage-source inverter. In comparison with an equivalent single voltage-source inverter, this structure offers several advantages, significant reduction of switching losses in particular. Results of experiments with a tandem inverter, and those of computer simulations of induction motor drives with that converter, are presented. Three vector control schemes for such drives were investigated: a) rotor-flux orientation with a voltage-controlled tandem converter, b) rotor-flux orientation with a current-controlled tandem converter, and c) stator-flux orientation with a voltage-controlled tandem converter. Performance characteristics of the described control schemes are discussed.
Color Associations to Mood Stories in First Grade Boys

Choices of color crayons to portray mood stories were studied in a sample of first grade boys. The total sample (180) was divided into three treatment groups (60 subjects in each) who were told either the “Angry Boy” story, the “Happy Boy” story, or the “Sad Boy” story. Each subject selected one of six color crayons (red, yellow, green, blue, brown, or purple) to color the boy “to look” angry, happy, or sad. Racial, socioeconomic, and within-group differences were not significant, but significant differences were found between groups given angry and sad stories (x2 = 22.23, df = 5, p < .01). Red was significantly associated with the angry boy when compared with the sad boy, while brown was significantly more often preferred for the sad boy than for the happy boy. By the age of first grade consequently the general preference for red by children is already significantly altered.
Regulation of the Expression of NMDA Receptor Subunits in Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells: Effect of Chronic K+‐Induced Depolarization and NMDA Exposure

Abstract: The influence of K+‐induced membrane depolarization and NMDA treatment on the regulation of NMDA receptor subunit (NR) expression was investigated during the development of granule cells in culture, as a follow‐up of previous work on NMDA receptor activity. In spite of the increase in NMDA receptor activity elicited by these treatments (K25 or K10 + NMDA cultures), the main developmental changes in receptor mRNA levels were similar to those in untreated cells (K10) (a threefold increase in total NMDA receptor mRNA, quantitative dominance of NR1 mRNA, late expression of NR2C, and virtual absence of NR2D). However, high K+ and NMDA treatment resulted in a greater increase of NR2A mRNA levels and a retardation in the developmental changes in the relative amounts of NR2B and NR2C mRNAs. The correspondence between NMDA receptor activity and the amount of NR1 and NR2A subunit proteins was excellent, the rank order being K25 > K10 + NMDA > K10 at 9 days in vitro. Because the increase in subunit mRNA was not always paralleled by an increase in subunit protein, the control of NMDA receptor expression involves critically, in addition to gene transcription, regulation of translational and/or posttranslational events.
Identification of Rlk, a Novel Protein Tyrosine Kinase with Predominant Expression in the T Cell Lineage (*)

The control of phosphorylation by protein tyrosine kinases represents an important regulatory mechanism in T cell growth, function, and differentiation. We have identified a 62-kDa murine protein tyrosine kinase predominantly expressed within the T cell lineage, which we have termed Rlk (for Resting lymphocyte kinase). rlk mRNA was found to be expressed in the fetal thymus as early as day 13 of embryonic development as well as in adult thymus and mature resting peripheral T cells. The sequence of rlk showed that it is most closely related to the subfamily of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases that includes the Btk, Itk, and Tec proteins. However, Rlk differs from these kinases by virtue of its unique amino-terminal domain, which lacks a region of pleckstrin homology common to the other members of this protein subfamily. Examination of rlk abundance within different T cell subpopulations revealed preferential expression in Th1 relative to Th2 T cell clones, suggesting a possible role in signal transduction pathways that selectively regulate cytokine production in mature CD4 T cell subsets. Rlk thus represents a novel cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase with potential functions in intrathymic T cell development and mature T cell signaling.
Spermiogenesis in birds

Current knowledge on avian spermiogenesis, including strengths and weaknesses, has been reviewed. Information on avian spermiogenesis considerably lags behind that in mammals because of the paucity of reports in birds. Spermiogenesis in passerine birds has received even much less attention than in non-passerine birds. Mechanisms underlying morphogenesis of the acrosome and nucleus, and roles of microtubular assemblies are poorly understood. The proximal centriole found in non-passerine birds, but hitherto considered to be absent in passerine birds, has recently been described in spermatids and mature spermatozoa of 2 passeridan species, including the Masked weaver for which new and detailed spermiogenetic information is provided in this review. A great deal more studies on spermiogenesis, and spermatogenesis generally, in various avian species are required to considerably enhance knowledge of this phenomenon, contribute to comparative spermatology, provide a basis for appropriate applied studies, and contribute to understanding of phylogeny in this vast order of vertebrates.
Binding of NCK to SOS and activation of ras-dependent gene expression

NCK, an SH2- and SH3 domain-containing protein, becomes phosphorylated and associated with tyrosine kinase receptors upon growth factor stimulation. The sequence of NCK suggests that NCK functions as a linker between receptors and a downstream signaling molecule. To determine if NCK can mediate growth factor-stimulated responses, we measured the ability of NCK to activate the fos promoter. We found that in NIH 3T3 cells, NCK strongly activates this promoter. The effect of NCK on the fos promoter is enhanced by c-ras and blocked by dominant negative ras. We also found that NCK binds directly to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS. This interaction is mediated by the SH3 domains of NCK. These findings suggest that NCK can regulate p21ras-dependent gene transcription through interaction with SOS protein.
The Semaphorin 4D Receptor Plexin-B1 Is a GTPase Activating Protein for R-Ras

Plexins are cell surface receptors for semaphorin molecules, and their interaction governs cell adhesion and migration in a variety of tissues. We report that the Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) receptor Plexin-B1 directly stimulates the intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of R-Ras, a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins that has been implicated in promoting cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth. This activity required the interaction of Plexin-B1 with Rnd1, a small GTP-binding protein of the Rho family. Down-regulation of R-Ras activity by the Plexin-B1-Rnd1 complex was essential for the Sema4D-induced growth cone collapse in hippocampal neurons. Thus, Plexin-B1 mediates Sema4D-induced repulsive axon guidance signaling by acting as a GTPase activating protein for R-Ras.