Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur

espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un indicador para cuantificar la equidad educativa interna. Se busca que el mismo sirva como herramienta para evaluar la evolucion del fenomeno en el tiempo y para realizar comparaciones entre diferentes paises o regiones.Para ello, se define el concepto de equidad educativa, se estudian las diferentes formas que se han utilizado para medirla y, finalmente, se propone el nuevo indicador. Este es denominado “Indice de Inequidad Educativa Basica” y resume informacion acerca de la educacion que poseen los individuos al finalizar el nivel basico. Luego, se utiliza este indicador para describir y comparar la equidad entre algunos paises de America Latina (aquellos que participaron del Programa PISA en los anos 2000 y/o 2009) EnglishThe goal of this paper is to propose an indicator to quantify internal educational equity. It seeks to make a tool to assess the evolution of the phenomenon in time, and to make comparisons between different countries or regions. For that, the concept of educational equity is defined, the different forms that have been used to measure equity are studied, and, finally, the new indicator is proposed. The indicator, called the “Basic Educational Inequity Index,” summarizes information about education held by individuals at the end of basic level. Then this indicator is used to describe and compare the equity between selected Latin American countries (those that participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment [PISA] in the years 2000 and/or 2009. portuguesO objetivo deste trabalho e propor um indicador para quantificar a equidade educacional interna. Procura-se que ele sirva como ferramenta para avaliar a evolucao do fenomeno no tempo e fazer comparacoes entre diferentes paises ou regioes. Para fazer isso, define-se o conceito de equidade educacional, estudam-se diferentes formas que tem sido usadas para medir e, finalmente, o novo indicador e proposto. Este e denominado "Indice de Desigualdade da Educacao Basica", e sintetizaa informacao sobre a educacao obtida pelos individuos no final do nivel basico.Posteriormente, este indicador e usado para descrever e comparar a equidade entre alguns paises latino-americanos (aqueles que participaram do programa PISA em 2000 e / ou 2009).
Social capital and social enterprise performance in Pakistan social innovation as a proposed mediator

This conceptual paper is an attempt to understand the ways through which the social enterprises sustain and perform in resource poor environment of bottom of the pyramid (BOP) market Pakistan. An effort is made to understand the relationship between the key resource mobilization strategy i.e. social capital and social enterprise performance. Social capital can be explained as a key game plan of the social enterprises who gear up to address the gaps left by market and governments failures When surrounded by resources and institutional constraints without any political and regulatory support, the resources embedded in one’ s network plays a key role in achieving the double bottom line of the social ventures by introducing the novel solutions to the most pressing problem of the society. Lack of studies that treats social innovation as a mediator has led us to propose it as an important variable that can lead us to the achievement of the dual goals of profit making along with social impact of social enterprises. Therefore, social innovation plays the important role of a link in this proposed integrated model. The resource-based theory (RBT) is used as the under-pinning theory for this study. This study can give valuable insights to for profit and not for profit companies both, who are aiming to generate social impact by generating enough revenues as well, about the possible scaling up strategy.
Preventive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora incarnata on morphine withdrawal syndrome and its comparison with clonidine in mice

Chronic use of morphine lead to dependence and discontinuation of the drug causes physical and emotional changes which needs pharmacological intervention. In the present study, the preventive effects of various doses of Passiflora incarnata extract on morphine withdrawal syndrome was evaluated in comparison to clonidine as a standard method. Total withdrawal score (TWS) was calculated based on behavioral sign of naloxone precipitated withdrawal syndrome in 56 adult male mice divided in 7 groups; in 6 groups morphine dependency was induced by chronic injection of morphine for 6 consecutive days. Passiflora incarnata hydro alcoholic extract was administered in doses 100, 200, 400, 800 mg/kg. Clonidine and normal saline were used in the control group. Withdrawal syndrome was induced by injection of naloxone. Total withdrawal score was decreased by chronic administration of Passiflora incarnata and clonidine. This study showed that clonidine (0.4mg/kg i.p.) and Passiflora incarnata extract significantly decrease TWS in the all used doses and in comparison to normal saline with a preventive effect comparable to clonidine. The data obtained in this study suggest Passiflora incarnata hydro-alcoholic extract therapeutic potential in prevention and management of opiate withdrawal syndrome which is comparable to the effect of clonidine, particularly at high doses of the plant extract. Conflicts of Interest: Declared None Funding: None
ViewDF: a Flexible Framework for Incremental View Maintenance in Stream Data Warehouses

Because of the increasing data sizes and demands for low latency in modern data analysis, the traditional data warehousing technologies are greatly pushed beyond their limits. Several stream data warehouse (SDW) systems, which are warehouses that ingest appendonly data feeds and support frequent refresh cycles, have been proposed including different methods to improve the responsiveness of the systems. Materialized views are critical in large-scale data warehouses due to their ability to speed up queries. Thus an SDW maintains layers of materialized views. Materialized view maintenance in SDW systems introduces new challenges. However, some of the existing SDW systems do not address the maintenance of views while others employ view maintenance techniques that are not efficient. This thesis presents ViewDF, a flexible framework for incremental maintenance of materialized views in SDW systems that generalizes existing techniques and enables new optimizations for views defined with operators that are common in stream analytics. We give a special view definition (ViewDF) to enhance the traditional way of creating views in SQL by being able to reference any partition of any table. We describe a prototype system based on this idea, which allows users to write ViewDFs directly and can automatically translate a broad class of queries into ViewDFs. Several optimizations are proposed and experiments show that our proposed system can improve view maintenance time by a factor of two or more in practical settings.
Ny medikamentell behandling av brystkreft. Adjuvant behandling med trastuzumab ved tidlig stadium av brystkreft

for bruk av trastuzumab ved brystkreft i tidlig fase. Brystkreft er den hyppigste formen for kreft hos kvinner og rammer ca. 2700 kvinner i Norge hvert år. Noen kvinner får en aggressiv type brystkreft kalt HER2-positiv brystkreft. Trastuzumab, også kjent som Herceptin, er en ny og lovende behandling. Ca 300 kvinner er aktuelle for denne behandlingen per år. Metode : Arbeidet er utført i samarbeid med en utredningsgruppe. Data fra norske brystkreftpasienter ble hentet fra Kreftregisteret. Analysen er videre basert på data fra internasjonale kliniske studier, annen vitenskapelige litteratur på området samt klinisk skjønn fra utredningsgruppen. Alle data, sammen med informasjon om kostnader er bygget inn i en simuleringsmodell der 50 år gamle kvinner med nyoppdaget brystkreft følges de neste 50 år, og hvor gjennomsnittlig levetid og livstidskostnadene for kvinnene beregnes. Rapporten er bestilt av Shdir og fagdirektørene i de regionale helseforetakene, og skal brukes i det fremtidige arbeidet med nasjonale handlingsprogram for kreftbehandling. Hovedfunn: • Levealderen kan Ny medikamentell behandling av brystkreft
Low expression of brown and beige fat genes in subcutaneous tissues in obese patients

Introduction The molecular mechanisms behind obesity pathogenesis remain largely undefined. Impairment in the browning process of subcutaneous tissues proposed to contribute to obesity pathogenesis. In the current study, we aimed to assess whether the expression of brown fat genes in subcutaneous tissues in obese patients is altered as compared to non-obese patients. Material and methods Participants were recruited from patients undergoing general surgeries. At the same site of surgery, biopsies were taken from the abdominal subcutaneous tissues from each participant, along with a venous blood sample. The expression of BAT genes was measured using a real-time PCR method. Serum FGF21 was measured using an ELISA kit, and the serum blood lipid profile was measured using the Dimension VistaTM 1500 System. Results A total of 58 surgical patients was involved. A low expression of BAT genes was observed in the groups with higher body mass index (BMI) (< 30 kg/m2) as compared to the groups with lower BMI (> 30 kg/m2). The expression of CIDEA and CITED1 was significantly higher in the patients with normal weight as compared to obese (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). A significant negative correlation was found between the expression of BAT genes and BMI in patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2. However, the strongest negative correlation was observed in the expression of CIDEA (r = –0.5, p = 0.004), followed by TBX1 (r = –0.4, p = 0.01), CITED1, and ZIC1 (r = –0.4, p = 0.03). Whereas the correlation of UCP1 with BMI remained insignificant (r = –0.29, p = 0.08). When including patients with BMI > 35 kg/m2, the correlation decreased and became insignificant (p = 0.08). No significant correlation was found between the expression of BAT genes and blood lipid profiles (p > 0.05). Serum FGF21 was positively and significantly correlated to the expression of UCP1 (r = 0.56, p = 0.02) and TBX1 (r = 0.62, p = 0.01), however, this correlation was missing in patients with severe obesity. Conclusions Our data suggested that brown and beige genes expression in abdominal subcutaneous tissues is dysregulated in patients with obesity. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of browning of subcutaneous tissues in regulating body weight and metabolism in human.
Design, Aufbau, Test und Integration der Empfänger-Optik des Stratospheric Terahertz Observatory

Als Interstellares Medium (ISM) werden die Gas- und Staubwolken bezeichnet, die sich innerhalb einer Galaxie zwischen den Sternen befinden. Im ISM findet die Sternentstehung und -entwicklung in einer Galaxie statt. Es tragt damit zur Evolution einer Galaxie bei. Das “Stratospheric Terahertz Observatory“ (STO) ist ein ballongestutztes Observatorium gewesen, dessen Aufgabe in der grosflachigen Kartierung von ionisiertem Kohlenstoff, C+, und ionisiertem Stickstoff, N+, im ISM der Milchstrase bestanden hat. In Zusammenarbeit zwischen der University of Arizona, dem Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), dem Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), dem I. Physikalischen Institut der Universitat zu Koln und weiteren Partnern ist STO geplant, aufgebaut und im Januar 2012 von der Antarktis aus von einem Helium-Ballon in die Stratosphare gezogen worden. Zur Detektion von N+ und C+ werden Feinstruktur-Ubergange der Ionen bei 1.4 THz und 1.9 THz beobachtet. Dazu ist ein Multipixel-Zweikanal-Heterodyn-Empfanger mit hoher spektraler Auflosung und jeweils vier Detektoren pro Frequenz aufgebaut worden. Die vorliegende Dissertation prasentiert das Design, den Aufbau, den Test und die Integration der Optik des STO-Heterodyn-Empfangers. Die Grundlage der Optik ist pro Frequenz ein Array-Diplexer, der auf einem doppelt-konfokalen Ring-Fabry-Perot-Interferometer (tcFPI) basiert. Der Array-Diplexer uberlagert gemas Heterodynprinzip das vom Teleskop eingefangene, astronomische Signal mit einem monochromatischen Referenzsignal, das von einem Lokaloszillator erzeugt wird. Die weitere Optik stellt die Kopplung des Teleskops, der Lokaloszillatoren und der Detektoren an die Diplexer her. In meiner Diplomarbeit ist ein 800 GHz-tcFPI entstanden und erfolgreich getestet worden. Hier sind fur STO ein 1.4 THz-tcFPI und ein 1.9 THz-tcFPI entworfen worden. Das 1.9 THz-tcFPI ist in einem Labor-Heterodyn-Empfanger vollstandig charakterisiert worden. Die Messungen haben zu einer Empfanger-Rauschtemperatur Trec von ungefahr 1000K gefuhrt. Die beiden tcFPIs sind in der STO-Empfanger-Optik als Array-Diplexer implementiert worden. Das Optik-Design ist unter Berucksichtigung des Rahmens optimiert worden, der der Optik durch den Aufbau von STO und durch seine ubrigen Komponenten gesetzt worden ist. Nach ihrer Herstellung ist die Empfanger-Optik in Vorbereitung auf den Start im STO-Instrument integriert und ihre Funktionsweise getestet worden. Dabei sind Probleme festgestellt worden, die im Verlauf der Vorbereitungen verringert worden sind. Zum Abschluss der Start-Vorbereitungen sind Empfanger-Rauschtemperaturen Trec von ungefahr 6000K fur den 1.9 THz-Kanal und Trec von ungefahr 10000K fur den 1.4 THz-Kanal gemessen worden. Aufgrund einer Vielzahl von Problemen ist der darauffolgende Observationsflug von STO ohne nennenswerte, astronomische Resultate geblieben. Das tcFPI steht zum Einsatz als Array-Diplexer in zukunftigen, astrono-mischen Instrumenten, wie zum Beispiel upGREAT, bereit.
Tenure type landscapes and housing market change: a geographical perspective on neo-liberalization in Sweden

Abstract Discussions of tenure mix have received renewed interest as many have suggested that neo-liberalization has made way for gentrification of neighbourhoods and increasing segregation. Yet, few scholars have studied country-wide changes in tenure mix, due to the lack of data and appropriate methods. In this article, we propose to use tenure type landscapes to analyse changes in housing policy. We do so while acknowledging the evolution of housing policies in Sweden since 1990. Using individualized and multi-scalar tenure type landscapes to measure change in neighbourhoods, we analyse housing clusters in 1990 and 2012. We show that the tenure landscape in 1990 at the height of the welfare state was fairly diverse and mixed. During the next 22 years, however, the landscape changed to become more homogenized and dominated by ownership through tenure conversions and new housing. We argue that awareness of these changes is essential to understanding present and future segregation and gentrification processes.
A RARE CASE: BILATERAL PHYLLODES TUMOR OF BREAST (METACHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS)

Phyllodes tumors of the breast are rare and most often occur in young women. Bilateral occurrence is very rare. A 31-year-old female patient was operated on 7 years ago due to a mass in her right breast and was histologically diagnosed as benign phyllodes tumor. In her follow-up, synchronous masses were detected in her right and left breast. The masses in both breasts were excised with intact surgical margins. The histopathological examination revealed “Phyllodes tumor”. The first and second tumors in the right breast were accepted as metachronous, while the tumor on the left breast and the second tumor on the right breast were considered to be synchronous tumors. We present our case to draw attention to the significance of the disease, its possible bilateral occurrence, and surgery.
A fuzzy reinforcement function for the intelligent agent to process vague goals

The intelligent agent is one of the most interesting fields of Artificial Intelligence study. Generally, very many kinds of the intelligent agent receive the user's goal and they try to solve it with their expert knowledge. The user's goals or requests can be represented with the human language, and they contain the uncertainties of the human knowledge. While the intelligent agent must represent these vague goals and understand the user's desires or intentions, there have not been enough researches done for the intelligent agents to express the user's goals. In this paper, we propose a new method to represent the vague goals as well as the uncertain environments. We suggest a fuzzy goal and a fuzzy state representation. We extend the traditional reinforcement learning to the fuzzy reinforcement learning with defining the fuzzy reinforcement function by using the fuzzy goal and the fuzzy stare. We, also propose a new Fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm. The experiment results show the better performance of the learning, and the reasonability of the fuzzy reinforcement learning.
Family Ownership, Asset Levels, and Firm Performance in Western European Hospitality Companies

This article uses a comprehensive sample of companies from 16 Western European countries over the period 2004 and 2016 to examine the relationship between blockholder ownership, asset levels, and corporate performance in the hospitality industry. We find evidence that both family and nonfamily blockholders display a higher use of assets in the lodging industry, but only nonfamily blockholders do so in the food and beverage industry. At the same time, nonfamily blockholders tend to display a poor performance in both industries, while this is only true for the lodging industry in the case of family-owned businesses. Finally, we show that asset levels moderate the observed ownership–performance relationship. Our results hold both for static and dynamic asset measures and taking the global financial crisis into account.
Unsupervised feature learning for classification

In computer vision especially in image processing, it has become popular to apply deep convolutional networks for supervised learning. Convolutional networks have shown a state of the art results in classification, object recognition, detection as well as semantic segmentation. However, supervised learning has two major disadvantages. One is it requires huge amount of labeled data to get high accuracy, the second one is to train so much data takes quite a bit long time. On the other hand, unsupervised learning can handle these problems more cheaper way. In this paper we show efficient way to learn features for classification in an unsupervised way. The network trained layer-wise, used backpropagation and our network learns features from unlabeled data. Our approach shows better results on Caltech-256 and STL-10 dataset.
Navigating through the Questions, Choices, & Conflicting Emotions of Advanced Breast Cancer

H ALIFAX, Nova Scotia—When faced with a diagnosis of advanced breast cancer, women are faced with a landscape of questions, choices, and conflicting emotions that often require more than a compass for successful navigation. As discussed here at the 4th World Conference on Breast Cancer, a recent study conducted in British Columbia found that just in the medical arena the average woman with advanced breast cancer will consult with an average of 32 different clinicians in the course of her treatment. Joanne Stephen, PhD, a research consultant at the Sociobehavioural Research Centre within the BC Cancer Agency in Vancouver, reported that the range in the number of clinicians was 13 to 97. “The BC Cancer Agency has identified the integration of cancer-control programs in the community as a primary organizational objective,” Dr. Stephen said in a poster presentation. Her presentation coincided with the first distribution of a 54-page brochure, Navigating Your Path: A Guide for People with Advanced Breast Cancer, discussed at a plenary session of the conference by Deborah Rusch, Director of the Alliance for Breast Cancer Information and Support, located in British Columbia and the Yukon. The information is aimed at helping patients through an often-difficult process of optimizing health care as well as psychosocial care.
Duas nômades e inúmeras rotas: cartografias de um processo em acompanhamento terapêutico

espanolSe trata de un relato de experiencia con el fin de presentar un proceso de desinstitucionalizacion de una estudiante de psicologia a traves de una experiencia en Acompanamiento Terapeutico (AT). Las participantes fueron la acompanada y la acompanante del proceso y fue utilizado como instrumento el diario de campo con registros de 42 encuentros. Las experiencias y el procedimiento de analisis se basaron en el metodo cartografico. Fueron percibidos cambios en la comprension de los conceptos en el campo de la desinstitucionalizacion y de la salud mental, reinterpretados a traves de la experiencia. Se concluye que mediante la cartografia de este proceso, se llevaron a cabo reflexiones y problematizaciones, que requirio la disponibilidad etica y politica de la acompanante, para desinstitucionalizar posiciones arraigadas en la relacion. portuguesTrata-se de um relato de experiencia com o objetivo de apresentar um processo de desinstitucionalizacao de uma estudante de Psicologia por meio de uma vivencia em Acompanhamento Terapeutico (AT). As participantes foram a acompanhada e a acompanhante do processo e utilizou-se como instrumento o diario de campo, com registros de 42 encontros. As vivencias e o procedimento de analise se basearam no metodo cartografico. Perceberam-se mudancas no entendimento de conceitos no campo da desinstitucionalizacao e da saude mental, ressignificados por meio da experiencia. Conclui-se que, ao se cartografar tal processo, reflexoes e problematizacoes foram realizadas, exigindo disponibilidade etica e politica da acompanhante para desinstitucionalizar posicionamentos enraizados na relacao. EnglishThis is an experience report, aiming to introduce a process of deinstitutionalization, that has been experienced by a psychology student through therapeutic accompaniment (TA) practice. Participants were the accompanied and the companion of the process and the field diary was used as instrument, with records of 42 meetings. The experiences and the data analysis procedure were based on the cartographic method. Changes in the understanding of concepts in the field of deinstitutionalization and mental health were evidenced, reinterpreted through the experience. It was concluded that, by mapping this process, reflections and problematizations were performed, demanding the accompanied's ethical and political availability to deinstitutionalize positions settled in the relationship.
Modulární komunikační reflektor s DV přenosem

Přenosy videa s vysokým rozlisenim generuji datove toky v siti o řadu desitek Mb/s. V přispěvku je popsano jak řesit přenosy videodat ve formatu Digital Video (DV) pro vice než dva koncove body pomoci modularniho reflektoru, kde reflektor je softwarove zařizeni pracujici v uživatelskem prostoru se zakladni vlastnosti multiplikovat a distribuovat data vsem ucastnikům komunikace. Popsaný reflektor byl implementovan a clanek uvadi výkonnostni parametry daneho řeseni a odhad skalovatelnosti.
Cartesian Genetic Programming with Crossover for Designing Combinational Logic Circuits

The development of an efficient crossover for Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) has been widely investigated, but there is not a large number of approaches using this type of operator when designing combinational logic circuits. In this paper, we introduce a new crossover for CGP when using a single genotype representation and the desired model has multiple outputs. The proposal modifies the standard evolutionary strategy commonly adopted in CGP by combining the subgraphs of the best outputs of the parent and its offspring in order to generate a new fittest individual. The proposed crossover is applied to combinational logic circuits with multiple outputs, a parameter analysis is performed, and the results obtained are compared to those found by a baseline CGP and other techniques from the literature.