Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rifampicin for eradication of Staphylococcus aureus oral suffering from sick populations

Rifampicin has been used for the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus oral colonization in various populations of oral suffering patients. The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of rifampicin was carried out by Disc Diffusion Method (Kirby-Bauer test). Out of the 223 specimens collected, 109 (48.9%) were isolated of Staph. aureus from different department in Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. 94.5% of the isolates were shown to be rifampicin sensitive Staph. aureus. The available evidence suggests that oral rifampicin is an effective agent for the eradication of Staph. aureus carriage. However, development of antimicrobial resistance during and after treatment with rifampicin occurs in a considerable proportion of patients; using rifampicin in combination with another antimicrobial agent may decrease this resistance.
Chapter 8-GVGAI without VGDL

In this chapter, we outline the motivation and main principles behind writing GVGAI compatible games in a high-level language instead of using VGDL. The specific examples described below are all written in Java, but the principles apply equally well to other efficient high-level languages. Java, including its graphics APIs, runs on Windows, macOS and Linux without requiring any additional libraries or plugins. We are currently evaluating the use of the new Kotlin programming language as an even better alternative to Java. Kotlin has many language features that lead to clearer and more concise code while being fully inter-operable with the Java platform (Kotlin code compiles down to Java Virtual Machine JVM code). Kotlin also has other advantages, such as strong support for writing Domain Specific Languages [3] (which would support flexible languages for describing particular game variants, or the development of new versions of VGDL). Furthermore, Kotlin can also be transpiled to JavaScript and then run in a web browser, if all the code is pure Kotlin and does not call any Java or native libraries. While it used to be possible to run Java Applets in a web browser, in recent years this has become increasingly difficult with most web browser security managers preventing it. First the motivation. VGDL is a good choice for expressing relatively simple games where the interactions of the game objects and the effects they trigger can be expressed via condition action rules involving rudimentary calculations. When these conditions hold, games can be authored quickly with concise code that is easy to understand and describes the core elements of the game while avoiding any distractions. However, the restrictive nature of VGDL makes it relatively hard to implement games with complex and strategically deep game-play. Furthermore, existing VGDL game engines run much more slowly than a carefully implemented game in an efficient high-level language such as Java, C++ or C#. To give an idea of the scale of the difference, using a high-level language instead of VGDL may make the game 100 times faster. The increase in speed is important not only to run the experiments more quickly, but also to enable Statistical Forward Planning (SFP) methods to be
Les infections à Mycoplasma pneumoniae de l'adulte : étude rétrospective de 2010 à 2012 au CHU de Bordeaux

Introduction-Objectifs : Les infections a M. pneumoniae (Mp) surviennent sur un mode endemo-epidemique surtout chez les enfants et adultes jeunes avec des manifestations respiratoires et extra-respiratoires. L’objectif de cette etude est de decrire les infections a Mp de l’adulte durant la periode epidemique de 2010 a 2012. Materiels et Methodes : Etude retrospective monocentrique des patients adultes (> 16 ans) infectes par Mp de 2010 a 2012. Les patients ayant un marqueur positif a Mp etaient ceux ayant une culture positive et/ou une PCR positive et/ou une serologie Mp positive (fixation complement (FC) ≥1/64 et/ou recherche d’IgM positive). Selon des criteres clinico-biologiques, les patients etaient classes en « infection aigue » ou en « infection non evolutive, passee ou asymptomatique ». Resultats : Au total, une recherche de Mp a ete realisee chez 5456 patients. Au moins un marqueur etait positif chez 209 patients et 71 (34%) etaient des adultes. Vingt huit (39%) adultes avaient une serologie positive en l’absence d’infection aigue a Mp. Quarante trois (61%) presentaient une infection aigue et tous avaient des signes pulmonaires. Neuf patients (21%) presentaient une pneumopathie hypoxemiante dont 1 syndrome de detresse respiratoire aigue. Treize patients (30%) avaient des signes extra-pulmonaires (3 hepatites, 3 anemies hemolytiques, 3 pericardites, 3 arthromyalgies intenses, 2 rhabdomyolyses, 1 erytheme polymorphe et 1 syndrome de Guillain-Barre). Deux patients ont presente plusieurs manifestations extra-respiratoires en meme temps. Conclusion : Mp est responsable d’infections pulmonaires, potentiellement severes, chez l’adulte, accompagnees dans un tiers des cas de manifestations extra-respiratoires.
Dental Morphological Variation and Evolutionary Implications of Homo erectus in China

Previous studies indicate that Chinese Homo erectus fossils have wide morphological variations, with no-agreed to cause. Some colleagues propose that hominins in China already exhibited pronounced regional morphological differences during the period of Homo erectus. 人 类 学 学 报 ‌ •‌426‌• 34 卷 However, there is other opinion arguing that there is no regular pattern for these variations. Recently, the present authors conducted research on dental morphological variations of Chinese Homo erectus using various methods. Our studies achieved some new discoveries and understanding. From this work, we propose that dental morphological variations of Chinese Homo erectus can be divided into two types. The teeth of Yuanmou, Jianshi, Yunxian Meipu, Hexian exhibit more primitive features and thus represent a primitive type. More derived features are‌identified‌in‌specimens‌from‌Zhoukoudian‌and‌Yiyuan‌showing‌more‌typical‌morphological‌ patterns of Homo erectus. Some other Chinese Homo erectus teeth display mixed or intermediate variation status. It is noteworthy that the chronological ages of some Chinese Homo erectus that have‌primitive‌features‌are‌relative‌late‌and‌their‌primitive‌dental‌patterns‌do‌not‌fit‌with‌their‌ expected chronological ages. The authors believe that dental morphological types of Chinese Homo erectus‌revealed‌by‌the‌present‌study‌reflect‌an‌evolutionary‌situation‌of‌different‌Chinese‌ Homo erectus populations in Early and Middle Pleistocene. The formation of primitive dental pattern is not only related to the chronological sequence and geographical distributions of some Homo erectus‌groups,‌but‌also‌reflects‌isolation‌of‌some‌Chinese‌Homo erectus populations.
Treatment of Chronic Bone Infection

The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis depends on the obstinate persistence of the offending micro-organism(s) and often results in long-term patient disability causing remarkable costs to the health care system. Difficulties of treating chronic osteomyelitis derive from biofilm-forming pathogens that resist the host immunologic defense and antimicrobial substances, and the need to treat osseous defects that result from the disease itself and eventual previous interventions. Established surgical techniques require multiple costly operations with extended periods of disablement and impairment of the patients, sometimes making the therapy worse than the disease. This article suggests a new operative approach to address biofilm-adapted antimicrobial therapy and reconstruction of bony defects using antibiotic-impregnated allograft bone. The technique is applicable to all stages of the Cierny-Mader classification, and detailed description of specifications for the respective procedure is provided. Local use of high antibiotic concentrations enable simultaneous internal fixation with osteosynthetic material and minimize the need for using systemic antibiotics. This treatment results in short hospital stays, reduced pain, and faster rehabilitation for patients, markedly reducing their burden and the costs of treatment. Recurrences may occur in 10% of cases, but may be treated by repeating the procedure.
Intra-Organizational Mechanism and Conflict Behavior

The citizens of South Korea have not had opportunities to be involved in the government decision-making process. The Korean government has made almost all decisions alone (Su, 1994: 40). Yet even under these circumstances, the Committee for Metropolitan Landfill (CML), a nonprofit organization (or, resident organization), whose mission is to fight for the interest of the residents on Metropolitan Landfill issues has been called “the most powerful grassroots organization in South Korea (CML, 1996). ” The CML even takes part in the relationship among the related government agencies, firms, and local governments by using its authority on the Metropolitan Landfill (CML, 1996: 259-60). This study analyzes how the CML became so powerful and defines what makes the CML so different from the other nonprofit organizations in South Korea. The reason of the CML’s strong power lies within the organization rather than outside, and its ability to manage conflict with a positive-sum game. Other nonprofit organizations in similar circumstances do not have such strong power against government agencies.
USING PROCESS CALCULI TO MODEL AND VERIFY SECURITY PROPERTIES IN REAL LIFE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS – Thesis Summary

Security of information has always been one of the main concerns in social behavior. The assurance of a personal secret which cannot be revealed to someone unauthorized, and the notion of trust have been relevant concerns since the beginnings of commerce and wars. The emergence of global communications, electronic processing, and distributed computation have increased the relevance of these concerns. To overcome these security risk, a wide variety of (automated) tools have been developed, including firewalls, access control mechanisms and cryptographic-based software. These mechanisms by themselves, however, are not enough to provide security warranties; the open nature of the communications, and the inherent vulnerabilities of distributed systems makes essential to provide higher levels of assurance for principals involved in a privacy-sensitive communication process. As a response to this problem, a set of methods known as security protocols have arisen: they define a precise set of steps that principals have to follow in order to establish secure communication between parties involved. Security protocols have been widely used since its appearance, being at the heart of a huge amount of computer applications. However, we can never be confident over the security of a system unless we have some assurance of their effectiveness. As an example, one of the classical methods dates from 1978 when Roger Nedham and Michael Schröeder designed a protocol to prevent the disclosure of identities in an authentication process over untrusted networks such as the internet [3]. The protocol, apparently correct, was rapidly adopted in industrial and military applications until Gavin Lowe showed a flaw where messages in transit can be discovered and manipulated using a well defined set of steps [4]. With these results, one can question: How to ensure the correctness of a protocol? Formal methods constitute an analytical approach for software and hardware design, that intends the reduction of errors by relying on solid mathematical models. One of the major benefits of formal methods
Multimodal Interpretation: The effects of a local linguistic prime on the interpretation of a political cartoon

Political cartoons are a part of daily life, as they have their staple page in the newspaper every morning. Many of these cartoons are multimodal in nature, and require an understanding of both the visual and verbal components to fully realise the meaning of the image, as well as an understanding of the cultural context that the cartoon was produced in. This study will look into the effects of a local, linguistic, contextual prime on the interpretations of a visual element by a group of individuals. This has been done through a quantitative survey, which was spread both online and on paper. Though the Likert-scale part of the survey appears to be statistically insignificant, interesting data was drawn from the qualitative question posed at the end of the survey. No conclusive evidence was drawn from this study, though it has provided a base for many future studies with regards to the interaction between primes and the interpretational process of metaphorical elements of meaning making.
qu an tph ] 2 4 O ct 2 01 9 Path integrals , spontaneous localization , and the classical limit

The measurement problem and the absence of macroscopic superposition are two foundational problems of quantum mechanics today. One possible solution is to consider the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber (GRW) model of spontaneous localisation. Here we describe how spontaneous localisation modifies the path integral formulation of density matrix evolution in quantum mechanics. We provide two new pedagogical derivations of the GRW propagator. We then show how the von Neumann equation and the Liouville equation for the density matrix arise in the quantum and classical limit, respectively, from the GRW path integral. coder1704@gmail.com physicophillic@gmail.com patil.raj@students.iiserpune. ac.in ruchiramishra98@gmail.com naharshlok@gmail.com tpsingh@tifr.res.in 1
Symmetric and Interacting Alternatives for Implicature and Accommodation∗

This paper uses the proviso problem to argue that accommodation is computed by the system responsible for scalar implicature. Standard procedures for computing implicatures involve: (i) Generating a candidate set of potential implicatures based on formal principles, (ii) Employing an algorithm over this set of candidates to determine which become actual. I argue that a very similar computation takes place in accommodation: A candidate set of accommodations is generated, from which an algorithm selects a subset as the actual accommodations. The parallel runs extremely close. The candidate sets for both implicature and accommodation will be argued to derive from a single source, namely, the scalar alternatives of the asserted sentence. Moreover, the algorithm for converting potential enrichments into actual enrichments will be argued to be the same. Specifically, the algorithm will take the union of the two sets as input, and will compute implicatures and accommodations together. This move will allow potential implicatures and potential accommodations to cancel each other out, in a sense to be made precise. This will be argued to be the key to solving the proviso problem, in addition to some problems that I’ll identify in the theory of implicature. The general architecture has obvious roots in the work of Gazdar [12], Soames [45], and Heim [22]. Some of the specific technology employed depends on recent developments in the theory of implicature, specifically, Katzir’s [27] procedure for generating scalar alternatives, and Fox’s [8] algorithm for converting potential implicatures into actual ones.
BRIDGING PERCEPTION AND THEORY: WHAT ROLE CAN METAPHORS AND IMAGERY PLAY?

In this paper I present a study investigating ways in which secondary school students (9 grade) conceive mathematical objects (like functions and variables), in modelling activities. The focus is on how mathematical knowledge is structured in the pupils and what mental dynamics play on activating mathematical thinking. In particular, I analysed students' cognitive processes within the embodied cognition perspective. My aim is to observe how metaphorical thinking and imagery can foster the transition from perception to theory, and the construction and communication of mathematical thinking.
A demonstration of cARe: an augmented reality support system for geriatric inpatients with mild cognitive impairment

Cognitive impairment such as memory loss, an impaired executive function and decreasing motivation can gradually undermine instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). With an older growing population, previous works have explored assistive technologies (ATs) to automate repetitive components of therapy and thereby increase patients' autonomy and reduce dependence on carers. While most ATs were built around screens and projection-based augmented reality (AR), the potential of head-mounted displays (HMDs) for therapeutic assistance is still under-explored. In this interactive demonstration, we present cARe, an HMD-based AR framework that uses in-situ instructions and a guidance mechanism to assist patients with manual tasks. In a case study with six geriatric patients, we investigated the prototype's feasibility during a cooking task in comparison to a regular paper-based recipe. Qualitative and quantitative results indicate that cARe has potential to offer assistance to older individuals with declining cognitive function in their day-to-day tasks and increase their independence in an enjoyable way.
Master Thesis

In this paper we study the determinants of bank profitability in the post-crisis period for banks located in the Euro Area. Current literature has only focused on the pre-crisis and crisis period. Bank profitability is measured by the return on assets (ROA). Our determinants include bankspecific, industry-specific and macroeconomic variables. One of these industry-specific variables is stock-exchange ownership, which has only been included by Dietrich & Wanzenried (2011) so far. In order to investigate and account for the dynamic nature of the determinants we make use of the two step system-GMM estimator developed by Arellano and Bover (1995). Our results show that profits are persistent over time to a moderate extent. These findings indicate no large deviations from a perfect competitive market structure in the Euro Area. A bank’s capitalization shows a significant positive relationship with profits, whereas exposure to credit risk seems to have a significant negative effect on profitability. None of our industry-specific and macroeconomic variables showed a significant relationship with profitability. These findings emphasize the importance of internal factors in generating profits.
A bi-variate Kernel Estimation Model for Travel Time and Activity Duration

The activity duration in activity-based approach typically has been analyzed by various types of regression models, which manifest relationships between socio-economic variables for independent variables and activity duration for dependent variable. Among various approaches, the most frequently adopted model is the hazard-based model, which is a parametric approach because it assumes the probability distribution of the dependent variable prior to model estimation. Since the distribution is not usually aware of, the assumption of distribution function prior to estimation is sometimes very strong restriction. Especially, when the true distribution has a unique pattern (for example, bimodality shape), we have difficulty in choosing the relevant probability distribution functions. This study aims to develop the activity duration models using kernel density estimator (hereafter „KDE‟). KDE is a type of nonparametric estimation methods and can construct the probability distribution including some special features, which parametric methods hardly describe. In addition, relationships between travel time and activity duration are also investigated by the bi-variate KDE using travel diary survey data in Seoul, Korea.
Polynomial chaos expansion with fuzzy and random un- certainties in dynamical systems

This paper proposes a surrogate model which is able to deal with mixed uncertain dynamical systems: some uncertain parameters are modelled by random variables whereas others are represented by fuzzy variables. Polynomial chaos expansions (PCE) were developed for uncertainty propagation through random systems. However, fuzzy variables may also be described with polynomial chaos: in particular, Legendre polynomials are well adapted to fuzzy variables. Hence we propose a polynomial chaos expansion, which is able to describe an uncertain dynamical system with both random and fuzzy variables. The method is applied to simulate an uncertain bar and the results are compared to MCS results. Thus the PCE is successfully applied to dynamical systems with both fuzzy and random uncertainties. This study also highlights the issue of the description of the outputs: which quantities should be calculated to represent the behaviour of the uncertain outputs? In the case studies, the fuzzy mean and the fuzzy standard deviation are used to describe the output properties.
A New Current Source Control Strategy for VSI-PWM Inverters

Classical Pulsewidth Modulation (PWM) Techniques are replaced by Current Source Sliding Mode Control (SMC) deciding the IGBT’s status in real time by using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Utility synchronization and Inverter management is guaranteed by Park Vector Transformation. Three novel sliding strategies for Current Controlled Voltage Source Inverters (VSI) are described, and several simulations show the performance of the inverter control.
Title : Fantastic beasts and why to conserve them : animals , magic and biodiversity conservation

There is a broad set of human beliefs, attitudes and behaviours around the issue of magical animals, referring to both mythical animals not recognised by science and extant animals which are recognised by science but have magical properties which are not. This is a broad issue ranging from spiritual beliefs around mythical animals living in Malagasy forests, to cultural heritage associated with the Loch Ness Monster in Scotland. Beliefs and behaviours around magical animals can have positive and negative impacts on biodiversity conservation goals. Yet so far, the discipline of conservation biology has not adequately considered magical animals, neglecting to account for the broader knowledge from outside the natural sciences on this issue, and taking a narrow, utilitarian approach to how magical animals should be managed, without necessarily considering the broader impacts on conservation goals or ethics. Here we explore how magical animals can impact on conservation goals, how conservation biology and practice has thought about magical animals, and some of the limitations of current approaches, particularly the failure to consider magical animals as part of wider systems of belief and culture. We argue that conservation needs to seriously consider magical animals and their implications for conservation.
On Clitic doubling in Gorica Slovenian

In this paper we offer a preliminary report on a phenomenon found in several western Slovenian dialects which, in view of several claims and correlations made in the literature, one would expect not to find in these dialects. Clitic doubling, a phenomenon where an argument of the verb is doubled by a corresponding clitic, is known from many languages, which all seem to share (at least) two things: they all have verb adjacent clitics and they all have determiners. Languages reported to have clitic doubling include Spanish, certain Italian dialects, Romanian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Greek, Albanian, etc. A typical example of clitic doubling is shown in (1), and a comparable example from a western Slovenian dialect is given in (2).