Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-technical training in orthopedic surgery: An unrecognized need

Objectives: Surgical safety has become a raising concern over the past few decades. Many studies have shown that it is correlated to nontechnical performance rather than clinical expertise, and it can be improved if nontechnical competencies are combined with technical training in the surgical profession. The primary purposes of this study were to assess and prioritize the perceived needs of orthopedic surgeons for nontechnical skills for orthopedic surgeons in correlation to years of experience. Methods: An online survey was sent to 200 AOTrauma members in the Middle East clearly stating the study purposes and volunteer participation. A 5-point Likert scale was used to collect surgeons' ratings of the selected nontechnical topics. Results: One-hundred and nine of 200 (54.5%) invited participants responded. More than half (65.1%) being surgeons with >10 years of experience. The majority (92%) of respondents emphasized the importance of nontechnical skills training for orthopedic surgeons. Of the enlisted topics, professionalism and patient privacy scored the highest priority for junior surgeons, while more experienced surgeons ranked patient safety and teamwork as their top two desired topics. An interesting finding was that medicolegal training was rated as an increasing need as more surgical experience was gained. Conclusions: This study highlights the demand for nontechnical skills training from the orthopedic trauma surgeons' perspective. The results showed that topics such as patient safety essentials, professionalism, teamwork, and medicolegal issues came on the top of the list. Addressing this demand by creative and specialty-focused nontechnical skills courses will help to improve patient care.
Sichong formula inhibits the proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cells

Purpose Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained increasing attention for the treatment of multiple chronic diseases, such as cancer. Here we aim to identify the antitumor activity of Sichong formula, a novel TCM, in human gastric cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods The AGS and MKN45 gastric cancer cells were treated with Sichong formula at different concentrations. The proliferation rates were tested by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were tested by scratch and transwell assays. Gelatin zymography was used to detect the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity in cell suspendents. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry. The expression of interest proteins was tested by Western blot. Results Cell proliferation analysis indicated that Sichong formula inhibited cell viability of AGS and MKN45 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values were 240 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL for AGS and MKN45 cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that Sichong formula could inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells, which might be mediated by the downregulation of MMP9 activity. Flow cytometry results indicated that Sichong formula induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through upregulation of Bax/Bcl2 ratio and activation of caspase cascade. The results from Western blot indicated that Sichong formula resulted in cell autophagy and inactivation of AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Our data suggest that Sichong formula inhibits the proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of Sichong formula was, at least partly, mediated by cell autophagy and AKT pathway.
Are Nursing Students Trained to Meet the Needs of Cancer Survivors and Their Families? New Challenges, New Opportunities

Abstract:Current cancer treatments, along with more effective prevention measures, are producing increased cancer survival globally;(1) becoming – in many cases – a chronic disease. (2) Care of patients and families, living with a chronic disease, like cancer, constitutes one of the principal challenges for most health systems because they represent a heavy burden in terms of morbidity and mortality and carry a high percentage of the public expenditure in health. (3) Above all, the impact of cancer entails suffering and represents an important limitation in the quality of life, productivity, and functional state of the sick individuals and those living with them, that is, their family. More so, with evidence of the progressive increase of the number of older people with cancer, who are more prone to having comorbidities and other problems associated with their age, like dementia, depression, cerebrovascular accident, and diabetes. (4)
Evaluation of general dentists’ knowledge about oral cancer in Ilam, Iran in 2016

Introduction: Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignant neoplasm and one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Dentists’ lack of knowledge about the signs and symptoms of oral cancer is an important for diagnosing the oral cancer accurately and at early stages. In this study, we examined the level of dentists’ awareness toward oral cancer in Ilam, Iran. Materials and methods: A total of 98 dentists (65 males and 33 females) with average age of 35.57±7.9 years were invited to take part in the study and respond to suitably designed questionnaires. Data were collected and a possible relationship between age and knowledge score was further analyzed. Results: The maximum awareness score that respondents could attain was 13. The mean score was 8.14 ± 1.8, which was higher than the national average level. The average scores for men and women were 7.58 ± 2.1 and 8.46 ± 1.5, respectively. But, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.1). There was no statistically significant relationship between age and knowledge score (P = 0.3, r = -0.11). In addition, knowledge score in different age groups were compared, and there was no significant difference (P = 0.5). Conclusion: Results of this study indicated that dentists’ awareness about oral cancer is higher than average in Ilam; however, the need for educational programs for increasing the level of knowledge about oral cancer is recommended.
Multicenter Phase I/II Study of Nivolumab Combined with Paclitaxel Plus Ramucirumab as Second-line Treatment in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer

Purpose: We conducted a phase I/II study to investigate the safety and efficacy of nivolumab with paclitaxel plus ramucirumab. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) refractory to first-line chemotherapy were included. Patients received nivolumab (3 mg/kg on days 1 and 15) combined with paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15) and ramucirumab (8 mg/kg on days 1 and 15) every 4 weeks. After feasibility evaluation in six patients (phase I), 37 additional patients were enrolled in the phase II part with the primary endpoint of 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate with two-sided 80% confidence interval (CI). The combined positive score (CPS) was defined as the number of programmed death-ligand 1–positive cells divided by the total number of viable tumor cells multiplied by 100. Results: Forty-three patients were enrolled. Of these, 60.5% had CPS ≥ 1. Dose-limiting toxicities were observed in two patients, and the recommended dose was determined as level 1. Thirty-nine (90.7%) patients experienced treatment-related adverse events (AEs) grade ≥3 and 14 (32.6%) patients experienced immune-related AEs grade ≥3. The overall response rate was 37.2% (95% CI, 23.0%–53.5%) and the 6-month PFS rate was 46.5% (80% CI, 36.4%–55.8%; P = 0.067). Median survival time was 13.1 months (95% CI, 8.0–16.6 months): 13.8 months (95% CI, 8.0–19.5 months) in patients with CPS ≥ 1 and 8.0 months (95% CI, 4.8–24.1 months) in patients with CPS < 1. Conclusions: Nivolumab with paclitaxel plus ramucirumab demonstrated promising antitumor activity with manageable toxicities as second-line treatment for AGC.
Using utterance timing to generate gaze pattern

This paper presents a method for generating the gaze pattern of a robot while it is talking. The goal is to prevent the robot’s conversational partner from interrupting the robot at inappropriate moments. The proposed approach has two steps: First, the robot’s utterance are split into meaningful parts. Then, for each of these parts, the robot performs or avoids eyes contact with the partner. The generated gaze pattern indicates the conversational partner that the robot has finished talking or not. To measure the efficiency of the approach, we propose to use speech overlap during conversations and average response time. Preliminary results showed that setting a gaze pattern for a robot with a very human-like appearance is not straight forward as we did not find satisfying parameters.
Prevalence of Respiratory Disorders among Woodworkers in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Wood dust is one of the most common sources of occupational exposures in the world. Occupational exposure to wood dust inhalation results in respiratory disorders. Jimma was the endemic and pioneer of different wood and wood products that creates work opportunity for many individuals but, simultaneous exposure to different respiratory impairments was inevitable. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory disorders among woodworkers in Jimma town, Ethiopia, 2018 G.C. Method: A community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among woodworkers and non-woodworkers in Jimma town, 2018 G.C. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select the exposed study group and convenience sampling technique was used to select the non-exposed group. Spirometer and clinical presentation was used to identify respiratory disorders. A total of 140 study participants were enrolled in the study. Data were checked for completeness, entered into Epi data version 1.7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis. Descriptive statistics were computed and results were presented with narratives, tables or figures. Results: The magnitudes of ventilatory impairments were higher among exposed group (44.2%) than non-exposed group (14.3%) specifically identified as restrictive disease (20% and 6.8%), obstructive disease (17.1% and 5.7%) and mixed pattern (7.1% and 0%] among woodworkers and control group respectively. Conclusion: In general the prevalence of respiratory disorders/ventilatory impairments was diagnosed among 41 respondents (29.3%) while the left 99 (70.7%) considered as having normal pulmonary function. The burdens of respiratory disorders were higher (44.2%) among woodworkers when compared with control group (14.3%).
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review for use in patients with pulmonary hypertension in Colombia

ABSTRACT Objective: To conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) as an instrument to evaluate the perception of symptoms, functional limitation, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in subjects diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in Colombia. Methods: The adaptation process involved 3 phases: translation, cognitive debriefing interviews, and a validation survey. To evaluate the psychometric properties, we recruited individuals ≥ 18 years of age who had been diagnosed with PAH or CTEPH to take part in the latter two stages of the adaptation process. All individuals were being followed on an outpatient basis by the pulmonary hypertension programs at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Fundación Clínica Shaio,and Clínicos IPS, all located in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Results: A Spanish-language version of the CAMPHOR was developed for use in Colombia. The internal consistency was excellent for the symptoms, functioning, and quality of life scales (Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.92, 0.87, and 0.93, respectively). Test-retest reliability was above 0.70. The evaluation of the convergent validity and known group validity of the CAMPHOR scales confirmed that there were moderate and strong correlations with the related constructs of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2, as well as showing their capacity to discriminate disease severity. Conclusions: The Spanish-language version of the CAMPHOR developed for use in Colombia was the result of a translation and cultural adaptation process that allows us to consider it equivalent to the original version, having shown good psychometric properties in the study sample. Therefore, its use to assess the impact of interventions on the HRQoL of patients with PAH or CTEPH is recommended, in research and clinical practice.
Stellt Alpha-Liponsäure eine effektive Behandlungsoption bei diabetischer Polyneuropathie dar?

Antwort Die Studienlage ist insgesamt durch mangelhafte Qualität, zu kurze Beobachtungszeiträume, geringe Fallzahlen und das Verwenden von Surrogat-Endpunkten gekennzeichnet. Eine Symptomverbesserung ist in bestimmten Fällen offenbar möglich – qualitativ hochwertige Studien mit entsprechenden Fallzahlen und Laufzeiten wären wünschenswert, um diesen Effekt unter Beweis zu stellen. Ein Therapieversuch bei Versagen der Standardtherapie erscheint zwar gerechtfertigt, eine generelle Empfehlung für Alpha-Liponsäure kann jedoch nicht abgegeben werden. Question Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common consequence of diabetes mellitus. Alpha-lipoic acid is frequently recommended as a first line treatment. Do we have reliable evidence from clinical trials regarding this treatment option?
Nutrition and Neurosurgery: Designing a Perioperative Pathway for Elective Spine Fusion Patients

Each additional hospital day related to a surgical complication costs an estimated $1,000 (Grusky et al., 2015). Due to the rising costs of healthcare, European professors designed Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathways to mitigate potential adverse surgical outcomes and associated costs. A primary focus of these pathways emphasizes the importance of pre-procedure nutritional optimization. Literature increasingly supports malnutrition as an independent predictor of postoperative complications and increased length of stay (LOS) (Adogwa et al., 2014). The neurosurgical population has a wide variety of comorbidities that place them at increased risk for nutritional compromise. Thus, a perioperative nutrition pathway was implemented at a Midwest neurosurgery office for elective spinal fusion patients. The pathway incorporated twenty-nine (n=29) patients who were screened and provided with Ensure Pre-Surgery drinks preoperatively. Result yielded no statistically significant difference in hospital LOS or 30-day readmission rates among patients in the pathway and those in a historical comparison group. However, the pathway did highlight the importance of a standardized process to identify patients at risk of nutritional compromise. A total of three (n=3) patients received nutrition consults postoperatively due to screening answers and body mass index (BMI) results. Additionally, the pathway identified the need for future guidelines addressing diabetic preoperative clearance. Future recommendations from the pathway highlight the importance of a nutritional algorithm for diabetic patients, utilization of information technology and comprehensive nutritional screening tools.
Ruthenium Chloride—Induced Oxidative Cyclization of Trans-Resveratrol to (±)-ε-Viniferin and Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity Against Streptococcus pneumoniae

Polyphenol ε-viniferin (2) is a protective phytochemical found in several plant families. Here, we report a simple and effective method for the synthesis of (±)-ε-viniferin (2) as major product and (±)-(E)-ω-viniferin (3) as a minor product. Synthesized viniferin compounds and standard viniferin were analyzed for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of (±)-ε-viniferin (2) and standard viniferin were 20 µm. However, the MICs of (±)-(E)-ω-viniferin (3) and compound 8 were 40 µm. Although viniferin significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pre-established in vitro biofilms and killed bacteria within the biofilm, it was unable to prevent biofilm formation at sub-MIC concentrations. The time kill experiment revealed that viniferin killed bacteria and reduced 2.8 log10 bacteria at 2 × MIC concentration after 24 h. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and live/dead biofilm staining of pre-established biofilms revealed that viniferin treatment disrupts membrane integrity of biofilm bacteria. Crystal violet absorption, total protein, and DNA and RNA release revealed that viniferin alters bacterial cell permeability, eventually killing bacteria.
Imaging for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure: A Contemporary Review

ABSTRACT Embolic stroke is the most significant complication of atrial fibrillation (AF). Oral anticoagulation (OAC) agents have an established role to prevent stroke in patients with AF. However, in patients who have near-fatal bleeding events during treatment with OAC, alternative, non-pharmacological methods of stroke prevention are needed. The left atrial appendage (LAA) is the most common source of thrombi in AF and recently, mechanical, percutaneous occlusion of the LAA has emerged as an effective strategy for stroke prophylaxis in patients deemed high risk for OAC-related bleeding. Although percutaneous LAA occlusion offers a significant step forward in AF stroke risk prevention, the procedural risks are not trivial and include device leakage, embolization, cardiac perforation, tamponade, and death. To minimize these risks and improve LAA occlusion outcomes, optimal peri-procedural imaging is critical to ensure accurate sizing and safe implantation. In this review of LAA occlusion, we present the current, clinically used percutaneous devices and provide a focused review of the latest imaging approaches used for evaluation of the LAA before, during, and after occlusion.
Large-scale Machine Learning in High-dimensional Datasets

Mining for associations in large scale graphs is a problem of both theoretical and practical importance, e.g., study of social networks, market basket analysis and collaborative filtering, and in web scale text processing. The infinite relational model (IRM) has been proposed as a Bayesian generative model for graphs. Generative models can provide accurate predictions and through inference of relevant latent variables they can inform about mesoscale structures. The IRM can be cast as co-clustering approach for bipartite networks where the nodes of each mode are grouped simultaneously. A benefit of the IRM over existing co-clustering approaches is that it explicitly exploits the statistical properties of binary graphs to naturally model strict segmentation as well as allowing the number of components of each mode to be inferred from the data. To reach large scale applications of the IRM we exploit that the structure of the bipartite version is well suited for parallel computing. We develop a generic GPU framework for efficient inference on large scale sparse bipartite networks and achieve a speedup of two orders of magnitude compared to estimation based on conventional CPUs. In terms of scalability all networks we consider have more than 100 million links and in these reliable inference can be achieved in less than an hour on a single GPU. To efficiently manage memory consumption on the GPU we exploit the structure of the posterior likelihood to obtain a decomposition that easily allows model estimation of the IRM on arbitrary large networks as well as distributed estimation on multiple GPUs. Finally we evaluate the implementation on real-life large scale social and collaborative networks as well as in web scale text corpora, demonstrating that latent mesoscale structures of the IRM are consistent across consecutive runs with different initializations and also relevant for interpretation of the underlaying processes in such large scale networks.
Steering the Reverberations of Technology Change on Fields of Practice: Laws that Govern Cognitive Work

Research on cognitive work in context has abstracted a set of common patterns about cognitive work and about the relationship of people and computers. I offer four families of Laws that Govern Cognitive Work plus Norbert’s Contrast as a synthesis of these findings to guide future development of human-computer cooperation. These Laws are one prong of a general strategy to avoid repeats of past "automation surprises". 1. Patterns of Reverberations Observational studies of cognitive work in context have built a body of work that describes how technology and organizational change transforms work in systems. Points of technology change push cycles of transformation and adaptation (e.g., Carroll’s task-artifact cycle; Carroll and Rosson, 1992; Winograd and Flores, 1987; Flores, Graves, Hartfield, and Winograd, 1988). The review of the impact of new technology in one operational world effectively summarizes the general pattern (Cordesman and Wagner, 1996, p.25): Much of the equipment deployed . was designed to ease the burden on the operator, reduce fatigue, and simplify the tasks involved in operations. Instead, these advances were used to demand more from the operator. Almost without exception, technology did not meet the goal of unencumbering the personnel operating the equipment . systems often required exceptional human expertise, commitment, and endurance. there is a natural synergy between tactics, technology, and human factors . effective leaders will exploit every new advance to the limit. As a result, virtually every advance in ergonomics was exploited to ask personnel to do more, do it faster and do it in more complex ways. one very real lesson is that new tactics and technology simply result in altering the pattern of human stress to achieve a new intensity and tempo of operations. [edited to rephrase domain referents generically] This statement could have come from studies of the impact of technological and organizational change in health care or air traffic management or many other areas undergoing change today (see Billings, 1997, and Sarter and Amalberti, 2000, for the case of cockpit automation). Overall, the studies show that when “black box” new technology (and accompanying organizational change) hits an ongoing field of practice the pattern of reverberation includes (Woods and Dekker, 2000): ~New capabilities, which increase demands and create new complexities such as increased coupling across parts of the system and higher tempo of operations, ~New complexities when technological possibilities are used clumsily, ~Adaptations by practitioners to exploit capabilities or workaround complexities because they are responsible to meet operational goals, ~The complexities and adaptations are surprising, unintended side effects of the design intent, ~Failures occasionally break through these adaptations because of the inherent demands or because the adaptations are incomplete, poor, or
Are Trade Marks and Patents Complementary or Substitute Protections for Innovation

The benefits of innovations for firms strongly depend on their ability to develop complementary appropriability means, including intellectual property (IP) rights. This paper aims at assessing the interrelated effects of two types of IP rights, namely patents and trade marks, considering them in their core function as legal protection devices. Based on a supermodularity analysis, we show that the complementary relationship between trade marks and patents is not straightforward. Depending on the levels of advertising spillovers and depreciation rate, trade marks are found to be either complementary or substitute to patents. Based on a data set encompassing the IP activity of a sample of French publicly traded firms, we find that patents and trade marks are complementary in chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, but substitute in high-tech business sectors (computer products and electrical equipment).