Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Graphene Oxide Nanofilm and Chicken Embryo Muscle Extract on Muscle Progenitor Cell Differentiation and Contraction

Finding an effective muscle regeneration technique is a priority for regenerative medicine. It is known that the key factors determining tissue formation include cells, capable of proliferating and/or differentiating, a niche (surface) allowing their colonization and growth factors. The interaction between these factors, especially between the surface of the artificial niche and growth factors, is not entirely clear. Moreover, it seems that the use of a complex of complementary growth factors instead of a few strictly defined ones could increase the effectiveness of tissue maturation, including muscle tissue. In this study, we evaluated whether graphene oxide (GO) nanofilm, chicken embryo muscle extract (CEME), and GO combined with CEME would affect the differentiation and functional maturation of muscle precursor cells, as well as the ability to spontaneously contract a pseudo-tissue muscle. CEME was extracted on day 18 of embryogenesis. Muscle cells obtained from an 8-day-old chicken embryo limb bud were treated with GO and CEME. Cell morphology and differentiation were observed using different microscopy methods. Cytotoxicity and viability of cells were measured by lactate dehydrogenase and Vybrant Cell Proliferation assays. Gene expression of myogenic regulatory genes was measured by Real-Time PCR. Our results demonstrate that CEME, independent of the culture surface, was the main factor influencing the intense differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. The present results, for the first time, clearly demonstrated that the cultured tissue-like structure was capable of inducing contractions without externally applied impulses. It has been indicated that a small amount of CEME in media (about 1%) allows the culture of pseudo-tissue muscle capable of spontaneous contraction. The study showed that the graphene oxide may be used as a niche for differentiating muscle cells, but the decisive influence on the maturation of muscle tissue, especially muscle contractions, depends on the complexity of the applied growth factors.
Idea Generation and New Direction for Exploitation Technologies of Coal-Seam Gas through Recombinative Innovation and Patent Analysis

Coal-seam gas (CSG), as an alternative energy, has the characteristics of resource scarcity and technological exploitation complexity. The generation of ideas is vital to develop more efficient exploitation technologies for CSG. Innovative ideas originate from the recombination of existing knowledge elements according to recombinative innovation. The previous literature has focused on exploring an abundance of combinations, which leads to blindness towards idea generation. For this reason, it is critical to search for more valuable matching patterns among the redundant combinations of elements. In line with this concept, this paper proposes a method that consists of three phases: the collection of knowledge elements, the analysis of knowledge element depth and diversity, and the analysis of knowledge element relationships. In this process, we take the patent document as the carrier of knowledge recombination and identify the optimization method in the reorganization process by means of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and association rules. This method is expected to assist in sparking better ideas for CSG exploitation technologies.
Concise Synthesis of Catechin Metabolites 5-(3′,4′-Dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactones (DHPV) in Optically Pure Form and Their Stereochemical Effects on Skin Wrinkle-Reducing Activities

A concise and scalable synthetic route for optically pure (4S) and (4R)-5-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactones (DHPVs), catechin metabolites, has been developed via the efficient construction of a γ-valerolactone moiety from hexenol. Noticeably, the different skin wrinkle-reducing activities of each metabolite were revealed via our unique syntheses of DHPVs in an enantiomerically pure form.
Pantoeaagglomerans-Infecting Bacteriophage vB_PagS_AAS21: A Cold-Adapted Virus Representing a Novel Genus within the Family Siphoviridae

A novel cold-adapted siphovirus, vB_PagS_AAS21 (AAS21), was isolated in Lithuania using Pantoea agglomerans as the host for phage propagation. AAS21 has an isometric head (~85 nm in diameter) and a non-contractile flexible tail (~174 × 10 nm). With a genome size of 116,649 bp, bacteriophage AAS21 is the largest Pantoea-infecting siphovirus sequenced to date. The genome of AAS21 has a G+C content of 39.0% and contains 213 putative protein-encoding genes and 29 genes for tRNAs. A comparative sequence analysis revealed that 89 AAS21 open reading frames (ORFs) code for unique proteins that have no reliable identity to database entries. In total, 63 AAS21 ORFs were functionally annotated, including those coding for the proteins responsible for virion morphogenesis, phage-host interactions, and DNA metabolism. Proteomic analysis led to the experimental identification of 19 virion proteins, including 11 that were predicted by bioinformatics approaches. Based on comparative phylogenetic analysis, AAS21 cannot be assigned to any genus currently recognized by ICTV and may represents a new branch of viruses within the family Siphoviridae.
THE IN VITRO INCORPORATION OF 14C‐ACETATE INTO THE ISOLATED SEBACEOUS GLANDS AND APPENDAGE‐FREED EPIDERMIS OF HUMAN SKIN

Summary. — Following in vitro culture of 4 mm discs of human skin in the presence of 14C‐acetate, the intact sebaceous glands have been harvested, using 1 mol/1 calcium chloride, thus permitting a study of the incorporation of 14C into the sebaceous gland lipids and into the lipids of the overlying appendage‐freed epidermis. The method is reliable, and satisfactory patterns of incorporation have been obtained from sebaceous glands harvested from single biopsies (5–15 glands).
High-efficiency oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by Ni single atom catalysts with tetradentate N2O2 coordination in a three-phase flow cell.

Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is widely used in today's chemical industry as an oxidant and bleaching agent, whilst also finding medical utilization as a mild antiseptic. Over the past few years, researchers have targeted the discovery of low cost electrocatalysts which can selectively reduce dioxygen (O 2 ) to H 2 O 2 , with modest success to date. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of carbon-supported Ni(II) single atom catalysts possessing a tetradentate Ni-N 2 O 2 coordination via a simple "Schiff base ligand-mediated" pyrolysis strategy. Briefly, a Ni(II) complex of the Schiff base ligand (R,R)-(-)-N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (Jacobsen's ligand) was adsorbed onto a carbon black support, followed by pyrolysis of the modified carbon material at 300 o C in Ar. The obtained Ni-N 2 O 2 /C catalyst showed excellent performance for the electrocatalytic reduction of O 2 to H 2 O 2 through a two-electron transfer process in alkaline conditions, with a H 2 O 2 selectivity of 96% realized in rotating ring-disk electrode tests. At a current density of 70 mA cm -2 , a H 2 O 2 production rate of 5.9 mol g catalyst -1 h -1 was achieved using a three - phase flow cell, with good catalyst stability maintained over 8 h of testing. In addition, the Ni-N 2 O 2 /C catalyst could electrocatalytically reduce O 2 in air to H 2 O 2 at a high current density, still affording a high H 2 O 2 selectivity (> 90%). A precise Ni-N 2 O 2 coordination was key to this impressive performance, guiding the future development of metal single atom catalysts for selective O 2 reduction to H 2 O 2 .
Quality of Eggs, Concentration of Lysozyme in Albumen, and Fatty Acids in Yolk in Relation to Blue Lupin-Rich Diet and Production Cycle

Simple Summary Eggs are an integral part of many people’s diets. Laying hens are commonly fed on soybean meal, which is often genetically modified. It is possible to replace soybean in feed with other high-protein plants. Legumes, including lupins and peas, have the potential to be used in poultry nutrition. The quality of eggs for consumption depends on nutrition and the age of the laying hens. In our research, the goal was to assess the quality of eggs, including the content and activity of lysozyme and the content of fatty acids in egg yolk, depending on the provision of feed with 10%, 15%, 20% or 25% narrow-leafed (blue) lupin (cultivar Boruta) and 10% pea (cultivar Muza) during the laying period. The results show that feeding with lupin had a positive effect on egg yolk saturation, which is important to consumers. A beneficial effect of the proposed feed on the profile of omega-6 and -3 fatty acids and hypocholesterolemic acids was also found. In almost all proposed diets, there was no negative impact of the use of lupins on the weight and physical characteristics of eggs or the characteristics of lysozyme. Changes in egg quality during the laying period are associated with natural changes in the laying physiology of hens. The use of narrow-leafed lupins and pea seeds could be proposed as an alternative to soybean meal for laying hens in countries where the environmental conditions are not good for soybean production. This would offer a wider range of choices in the consumer market since, nowadays, products from animals raised on GMO feeds are not preferred. Abstract In recent years, the interest in lupin seeds as a source of protein in poultry nutrition has increased. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of table eggs produced by hens that were fed diets containing pea seeds and various levels of narrow-leafed lupin as a substitute for soybean meal. The share of lupin seeds in the treatment groups was 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Egg morphology, the fatty acid profile in egg yolk and the amount and activity of lysozyme in egg white were analysed. Results show that using 10–20% lupin seeds in feed in the diet of laying hens in intensive farming does not result in a change in weight or egg structure, their physical properties or their morphological composition. Increasing the share of lupin seeds in feed for laying hens increases the saturation of the colour of egg yolks, which is a desirable feature among consumers. The use of lupin seeds in feed for laying hens does not adversely affect the chemical properties of egg proteins, as expressed by the amount and activity of lysozyme. In feed for laying hens, replacing soybean meal with lupin seeds has a positive effect on the fatty acid profile in egg yolk (omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated acids and hypocholesterolemic acids).
Genetics of fibre quality traits in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Five upland cotton varieties were crossed in a complete diallel mating system to assess the genetics of fibre length (FL), fibre strength (FS), fibre fineness (FF), fibre uniformity (FU) and fibre elongation (FE) utilizing Mather and Jinks approach. Differences were found to be significant (P<0.01) for all the characters. Adequacy tests revealed that data of all the characters were partially adequate for genetic interpretation except FE. Additive component (D) was significant in all the traits and was lower in magnitude than dominant components (H1 and H2) of variation for FS and FU which was firmly supported by the value of H1/D 0.5 . Dominant genes were in excess than recessive genes in the parents for all the traits except for FF. Asymmetrical distribution of dominant and recessive genes in parents for all characters was confirmed, and soundly sustained by the value of H 2/4H 1. The h 2 value was insignificant for all the characters except FS. Moderately high narrow sense heritability (h 2 n.s ) was exhibited by FF, FU and FE, while SL and FS possessed low heritability. Graphical representation demonstrated additive gene action for SL, FF, and FE whereas; FS and FU were controlled by overdominance effects. Full sib or half sib family selection, pedigree and progeny test would probably be necessary to achieve the genetic progress for SL, FF, and FE while hetrosis breeding could be fruitful for improvement of FS and FU.
Effect of germination environment on the biochemical compounds and anti-inflammatory properties of soybean cultivars

In this study, we investigated changes in the isoflavone content, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS), and anti-inflammatory activities of small-seeded and large-seeded soybean cultivars during germination (light/dark conditions). Total isoflavone content was higher at the seed stage in large-seeded soybeans, while it increased after 7 days of germination in small-seeded soybeans, particularly in response to light conditions, under which they had high TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activities. In large-seeded soybeans, the germination environment did not significantly affect TFC or DPPH inhibition, whereas TPC and ABTS inhibition were high under dark germination conditions. Extracts of sprouts exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activities. Nitric oxide production was slightly lower in small-seeded and large-seeded soybeans germinated under light and dark conditions, respectively. Our findings indicate that germinated soybeans improved nutritionally, and that enhancement of bioactivity under different germination environments could contribute to the selection of appropriate soybean cultivars.
Isolation and characterization of Bacillus subtilis strain 1-L-29, an endophytic bacteria from Camellia oleifera with antimicrobial activity and efficient plant-root colonization

Endophytic bacteria, which are common in plant tissues, may help to control plant pathogens and enhance plant growth. Camellia oleifera, an oil-producing plant, is widely grown in warm, subtropical, hilly regions in China. However, C. oleifera is strongly negatively affected by C. oleifera anthracnose, which is caused by Colletetrichum fructicola. To find a suitable biocontrol agent for C. oleifera anthracnose, 41 endophytes were isolated from the stems, leaves, and roots of C. oleifera. Bacterial cultures were identified based on analyses of 16S rDNA sequences; most strains belonged to the genus Bacillus. The antagonistic effects of these strains on C. fructicola were tested in vitro. In total, 16 strains inhibited C. fructicola growth, with B. subtilis strain 1-L-29 being the most efficient. Strain 1-L-29 demonstrated antagonistic activity against C. siamense, C. asianum, Fusarium proliferatum, Agaricodochium camellia, and Pseudomonas syringae. In addition, this strain produced indole acetic acid, solubilized phosphate, grew on N-free media, and produced siderophores. To facilitate further microecological studies of this strain, a rifampicin-resistant, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled strain, 1-L-29gfpr, was created using protoplast transformation. This plasmid had good segregational stability. Strain 1-L-29gfpr was re-introduced into C. oleifera and successfully colonized root, stem, and leaf tissues. This strain remained at a stable concentration in the root more than 20 d after inoculation. Fluorescence microscopic analysis showed that strain 1-L-29gfpr thoroughly colonized the root surfaces of C. fructicola as well as the root vascular tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Indoor Air Pollution, Related Human Diseases, and Recent Trends in the Control and Improvement of Indoor Air Quality

Indoor air pollution (IAP) is a serious threat to human health, causing millions of deaths each year. A plethora of pollutants can result in IAP; therefore, it is very important to identify their main sources and concentrations and to devise strategies for the control and enhancement of indoor air quality (IAQ). Herein, we provide a critical review and evaluation of the major sources of major pollutant emissions, their health effects, and issues related to IAP-based illnesses, including sick building syndrome (SBS) and building-related illness (BRI). In addition, the strategies and approaches for control and reduction of pollutant concentrations are pointed out, and the recent trends in efforts to resolve and improve IAQ, with their respective advantages and potentials, are summarized. It is predicted that the development of novel materials for sensors, IAQ-monitoring systems, and smart homes is a promising strategy for control and enhancement of IAQ in the future.
Thyroid dysfunction among adults in Bahrain: A hospital-based study.

OBJECTIVE Since thyroid dysfunction is a common disorder and affecting all populations regardless of iodine status, a comprehensive evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in Bahrain is essential to draw a national strategy, increase public awareness, and recognize the role of ethnicity. METHODS Following the approval of the Research Ethics Committee, the study was initiated by collecting laboratory and patient's data that have performed thyroid function tests (TFTs) during January 2018 till January 2019 at the Royal Services of Bahrain Defense Force (BDF) Military Hospital. TFTs data for 19,736 subjects were collected and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS Based on the TFTs measurements and including treated euthyroid, 44.9% of subjects had thyroid dysfunction categorized as treated euthyroid (15.1%), hypothyroid (20%), hyperthyroid (3.3%), and subclinical hypothyroid (6.5%). Females having thyroid dysfunction were 2.9 times more than males, and the most female age group affected was 20-<40 years old (14.1%). Furthermore, the frequency and the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were related to the TSH level above or below 10 µIU/l. The frequencies of TPOAb and TGAb were 79% and 61%, respectively, in the treated hypothyroid group that have TSH>10 µIU/l and were significantly higher than the counterpart groups of TSH between 4-10 µIU/l (44% and 40%, respectively) (p<0.001). Similarly, the mean values of TPOAb and TGAb were significantly different between TSH>10 µIU/l and the counterpart groups of TSH between 4-10 µIU/l (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study showed that hypothyroidism predominates in the Bahraini population, and most of the patients were females with an age group of 20-<40 years old. In addition, the thyroid dysfunctions were correlated with the high percentages of positive frequencies with TPOAb and TGAb, indicating the predomination of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Besides, the determination of risk factors in relation to hypothyroidism occurrence such as genetic predisposition and loci genetic variants is highly essential. Also, more national studies and public awareness are needed to reduce the potential illnesses of thyroid dysfunction.
A Systems Biological Approach to Understanding the Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Potential of Red Ginseng Supplements against Metabolic Diseases

Red ginseng has been widely used in health-promoting supplements in Asia and is becoming increasingly popular in Western countries. However, its therapeutic mechanisms against most diseases have not been clearly elucidated. The aim of the present study was to provide the biological mechanisms of red ginseng against various metabolic diseases. We used a systems biological approach to comprehensively identify the component-target and target-pathway networks in order to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of red ginseng against metabolic diseases. Of the 23 components of red ginseng with target, 5 components were linked with 37 target molecules. Systematic analysis of the constructed networks revealed that these 37 targets were mainly involved in 9 signaling pathways relating to immune cell differentiation and vascular health. These results successfully explained the mechanisms underlying the efficiency of red ginseng for metabolic diseases, such as menopausal symptoms in women, blood circulation, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia.
The Historical Ecology of Abalone (Haliotis Corrugata and Fulgens) in the Mexican Pacific

Conchas y carne de abulon desempenaron y desempenan un rol importante en la rica historia economica, social y cultural de Baja California, Mexico. En la region pasaron desde pescadores chinos, japoneses hasta la consolidacion de cooperativas mexicanas. Informacion obtenida a traves de entrevistas, reportes historicos e historia oral de tres generaciones de buzos de abulon revela la reduccion tanto en capturas como en tamano del organismo. Esta reduccion genera una disminucion aproximada del 70% en la capacidad reproductiva de este molusco
5-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)alkancarboxylic Acids as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies

Background: Infectious diseases symbolize a global consequential strain on public health security and impact on the socio-economic stability all over the world. The increasing resistance to the current antimicrobial treatment has resulted in crucial need for the discovery and development of novel entity for the infectious treatment with different modes of action that could target both sensitive and resistant strains. Methods: Compounds were synthesized using classical methods of organic synthesis. Results: All 20 synthesized compounds showed antibacterial activity against eight Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. It should be mentioned that all compounds exhibited better antibacterial potency than ampicillin against all bacteria tested. Furthermore, 18 compounds appeared to be more potent than streptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. Three the most active compounds 4h, 5b, and 5g appeared to be more potent against MRSA than ampicillin, while streptomycin did not show any bactericidal activity. All three compounds displayed better activity also against resistant strains P. aeruginosa and E. coli than ampicillin. Furthermore, all compounds were able to inhibit biofilm formation 2- to 4-times more than both reference drugs. Compounds were evaluated also for their antifungal activity against eight species. The evaluation revealed that all compounds exhibited antifungal activity better than the reference drugs bifonazole and ketoconazole. Molecular docking studies on antibacterial and antifungal targets were performed in order to elucidate the mechanism of antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds. Conclusion: All tested compounds showed good antibacterial and antifungal activity better than that of reference drugs and three the most active compounds could consider as lead compounds for the development of new more potent agents.
A Gold Standard, CRISPR/Cas9-Based Complementation Strategy Reliant on 24 Nucleotide Bookmark Sequences

Phenotypic complementation of gene knockouts is an essential step in establishing function. Here, we describe a simple strategy for ‘gold standard’ complementation in which the mutant allele is replaced in situ with a wild type (WT) allele in a procedure that exploits CRISPR/Cas9. The method relies on the prior incorporation of a unique 24 nucleotide (nt) ‘bookmark’ sequence into the mutant allele to act as a guide RNA target during its Cas9-mediated replacement with the WT allele. The bookmark comprises a 23 nt Cas9 target sequence plus an additional nt to ensure the deletion is in-frame. Here, bookmarks are tailored to Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR/Cas9 but could be designed for any CRISPR/Cas system. For proof of concept, nine bookmarks were tested in Clostridium autoethanogenum. Complementation efficiencies reached 91%. As complemented strains are indistinguishable from their progenitors, concerns over contamination may be satisfied by the incorporation of ‘watermark’ sequences into the complementing genes.