Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Foliar Zinc Application on Yield, Physiological Traits and Seed Vigor of Two Soybean Cultivars under Water Deficit

In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and zinc foliar application on yield, physiological traits and also on seed vigor and seedling emergence percentage in two soybean cultivars, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block arrangement in split factorial design with three replications. The main factor was drought stress in three levels of optimal irrigation, withholding irrigation from vegetative growth stage and withholding irrigation from flowering stage; subordinate factors were the combination of foliar zinc application in three levels and two cultivars (‘L17’ and ‘Clark 63’). Water deficit stress obviously decreased the yield, soluble protein and chlorophyll content in leaves. Proline and soluble sugars content were significantly increased in response to stress. Water deficit stress increased antioxidant enzymes activity. Also, water deficit stress decreased the germination rate, radicle and plumule dry weight. Foliar application with zinc sulfate increased the yield, germination rate and percentage, radicle and plumule weight. Zinc prevented the harmful effects of stress which caused decreasing of leaf protein, chlorophyll content and increasing proline and carbohydrate accumulation. In general, foliar application of zinc decreased the harmful effects of oxidative stress due to water deficit stress and improved growth conditions of plants.
Seroprevalence before and during an Era of Widespread Opportunistic Chlamydia Screening in England (1994-2012). PLoS

Background Opportunistic chlamydia screening of <25 year-olds was nationally-implemented in England in 2008 but its impact on chlamydia transmission is poorly understood. We undertook a population-based seroprevalence study to explore the impact of screening on cumulative incidence of chlamydia, as measured by C.trachomatis-specific antibody.
Economic value of a non-market ecosystem service: an application of the travel cost method to nature recreation in Sweden

ABSTRACT Most ecosystem services that are not traded on markets contribute to human welfare; however, these services are often undervalued due to the fact that their economic value is not well known. Accounting for the value of these services can help in making decisions that enable efficient use of environmental resources. This paper reports on a study of recreational trips to nature areas, the economic value of recreation in nature and factors influencing such trips. It also aimed to explore the possibilities of designing a nature-based recreation management strategy that could meet societal preferences and demands for recreation amenities. Data were obtained from a survey that involved Swedish residents who were randomly selected from a national register and were analysed using a negative binomial regression model. The results showed that the average frequency of trips to nature areas was 80 trips annually and the average travel cost for a trip to these areas was 117 SEK (16 USD). Forest-dominated areas were the most frequently visited and mountainous areas the least. Trips to mountain-dominated areas had the highest travel cost, followed by water-dominated areas, with forest areas the lowest. The consumer surplus for a trip to a nature area was 526 SEK (72 USD). The frequency of trips to nature areas was influenced by factors such as travel cost, type of nature area, travel time to and time spent at the nature area, recreational activity, income and dwelling place. If the aim of the Swedish policy on outdoor recreation (i.e. Right to Public Access) is to increase the frequency of trips to nature areas, facilities that could help reduce travel costs to these areas should be provided. Nature areas should be managed towards meeting societal preferences and demands for recreation. The findings could assist ecosystem managers in land use planning processes and in designing a sustainable nature-based recreation strategy.
Simulation, modeling and authoring of glaciers

Glaciers are some of the most visually arresting and scenic elements of cold regions and high mountain landscapes. Although snow-covered terrains have previously received attention in computer graphics, simulating the temporal evolution of glaciers as well as modeling their wide range of features has never been addressed. In this paper, we combine a Shallow Ice Approximation simulation with a procedural amplification process to author high-resolution realistic glaciers. Our multiresolution method allows the interactive simulation of the formation and the evolution of glaciers over hundreds of years. The user can easily modify the environment variables, such as the average temperature or precipitation rate, to control the glacier growth, or directly use brushes to sculpt the ice or bedrock with interactive feedback. Mesoscale and smallscale landforms that are not captured by the glacier simulation, such as crevasses, moraines, seracs, ogives, or icefalls are synthesized using procedural rules inspired by observations in glaciology and according to the physical parameters derived from the simulation. Our method lends itself to seamless integration into production pipelines to decorate reliefs with glaciers and realistic ice features.
Sydney's Mosquitoes: Their role as disease vectors

Mosquito-borne disease is a significant public health issue in Australia. Australia’s populous southern cities, including Sydney, are home to a wide variety of mosquito-borne pathogens, many of which are known to infect humans and our animals. The epidemiology of mosquito-borne pathogens is closely linked to the ecology of their vectors. The abundance and diversity of mosquito vector species has a huge impact on what pathogens are likely to be found in a given area. A trapping survey of mosquitoes at a variety of sites across Sydney investigated which environmental factors influenced the diversity of mosquito fauna. Sites in the middle of the city were predicted to be dominated by a different range of species to sites further west which are mainly large, vegetated, fresh water bodies. No significant difference in species diversity or abundance was found, however brackish, estuarine sites were dominated by a very different suite of mosquito species compared with the other sites. The trapping survey was repeated in February, March and April of 2015. High variability in mosquito assemblages was identified. Some species’ populations changed significantly over the three months, while others remained constant. Mosquito abundance changed differently at estuarine, freshwater and urban sites. Temporal and spatial factors interacted to influence mosquito vector diversity. The mosquito samples were tested for several different species of virus, but only one was detected: the relatively benign flavivirus, Stratford. The lack of other viruses raises the possibility that Stratford could be immunising its animal reservoir (or perhaps even human) hosts against worse flaviviruses and its presence in the environment is advantageous; an idea which certainly warrants future investigation.
Coordination of meiotic recombination in diploid and tetraploid arabidopsis

Homologous recombination is an integral part of meiosis and is essential for generating crossovers that ensure balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes and establish genetic variation within offspring. It is therefore exceedingly important that meiotic cells employ stringent control mechanisms to safeguard crossover formation. Work in yeast has indicated that the meiotic axis, a proteinaceous structure that tethers meiotic chromosomes into looped arrays, plays a crucial role in many aspects of homologous recombination, from double strand break formation to crossover interference. It has also been suggested that increased crossover interference helps to establish meiotic stability by inhibiting multivalent formation during autopolyploid meiosis. Using immunocytochemistry coupled with super-resolution microscopy, we have further investigated the role played by the meiotic axis protein ASY1 in stabilising meiosis in the established autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa. We have also used Arabidopsis arenosa as a model for studying how meiotic interference might operate within an autopolyploid context. Alongside this, experiments using transgenic lines of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have helped to shed light on how crossover formation and synapsis are affected by reduced expression of ASY1 and ASY3 and to determine what effect limiting meiotic crossover numbers might have on neopolyploid meiotic stabilisation.
Impacts of oxidative stress in swine: Challenges and Perspectives. A reviuew

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants of organisms, which can be generated physiologically or pathologically causing oxidative damage, for example, lipid peroxidation. Measurement of oxidative stress may be achieved by biomarkers using various techniques. In swine, economical production increases the demand on the metabolic system of the pigs, which may lead to the oxidative stress. Oxidative imbalance of pigs may be associated to various conditions such as inadequate management measures related with their production system and pathologies of various origins. To minimize oxidative stress, it is necessary to strengthen the antioxidant systems of pigs through nutritional supplementation with natural and synthetic products based on vitamins and minerals. Thus, this paper aims to present a review on the oxidative stress in swine Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal Brazilian Journal of Hygiene and Animal Sanity ISSN: 1981-2965
Gene-environment interactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

that this is a conserved eff ect of cigarette smoke in diff erent tissues of the Several of these are involved in anti-apoptotic signaling, in through the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-XL and Bcl-2. In we observed enhanced expression of Bcl-XL/Bcl-2 proteins, as well as the pro-survival proteins GSK3β, cyclin D1 and LC3-II. Moreover, we found that cigarette enhanced the metabolic activity of DLD-1 and Jurkat cells, suggesting that it enhances cell survival at these concentrations. These observations directed us to investigate the protective eff ects of during infl ammatory conditions in more detail. protected DLD-1 and Jurkat cells anti-Fas-, cytokine- and reactive oxygen stress-induced apoptosis. this eff ect
Energy Efficient Secure Key Management Schemes for WSNs and IoT

Secret sharing is critical to most applications making use of security and remains one of the most challenging research areas in modern cryptography. In this thesis, we propose a novel efficient multi-secret sharing scheme based on the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) with two verification methods, while the previous works are mostly based on the Lagrange polynomial. Key management schemes play an important role in communication security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). While the previous works mainly targeting on two different types of WSNs: distributed and hieratical, in this thesis, we propose our flexible WSN key management scheme, which is based on (n,t,n) multi-secret sharing technique, to provide a key management solution for heterogeneous architecture. The powerful key managers are responsible for most of the communicational and computational workload. They can provide Peer-to-Peer pair-wise keys for a pair of sensors to establish a secure communication session, and in the same time, they can also form communication clusters as cluster heads according to different application requirements. Internet of Things (IoT) becomes more and more popular and practical in recent years. Considering the diversity of the devices and the application scenarios, it is extremely hard to couple two devices or sub-networks with different communication and computation resources. In this thesis, we propose novel key agreement schemes based on (n,t,n) multi-secret sharing techniques for IoT in order to achieve light weighted key exchange while using Host Identity Protocol (HIP). We refer the new schemes as HIP-MEXs with different underlying multi-secret sharing techniques. We analyzed the computational and communication costs of the extremely resource constrained device which is referred to as Initiator, and CRT based HIP-MEX successfully outsource the heavy workload to the proxy, which are considered more powerful, when establishing new secret key.
Taxonomic review of Apristurus laurussonii (Saemundsson, 1922) from the eastern North Atlantic (Elasmobranchii: Scyliorhinidae)

Revision taxinomique de Apristurus laurussonii (Saemundsson, 1922) du nord-est Atlantique (Elasmobranchii: Scyliorhinidae). La comparaison de la roussette d'Islande, Apristurus laurussonii (Saemundsson, 1922) avec celle de Madere, Apristurus maderensis Cadenat & Maul, 1966, conduit a considerer cette derniere comme un synonyme junior de la premiere.
Back Transmission of Apple Chlorotic Leafspot Virus (Type Strain) to Apple and Production of Apple Topworking Disease Symptoms in Maruba Kaido (Males prunifolia Borkh. var. ringo Asami)

Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (CLSV) type strain isolated from an apple tree was back-transmitted to 8-day-old apple seedlings by rub-inoculation with partially purified and highly purified inoculum. The back-transmitted isolates induced typical apple topworking disease symptoms on a clone of Maruba Kaido (Malus prunifolia Borkh. var. ringo Asami) infected with other latent viruses (including the Maruba CLSV strain) as well as on a virus-free clone. The back-transmitted isolates induced symptoms identical to the parent isolate on a range of CLSV-sensitive indicator plants.
Moment Invariant based on Master Eye Block for Face Identification

— Face identification is one of current biometrics techniques research that receive a great deal of concentration over last period because this application is needed in many vital applications like in security and surveillance field, in identity authentication and image database investigations, also in other domains. In this paper, a new face identification system is presented to identify face image in front view, left and right orientations, more than one expression. The framework of proposed system passes through two phases: the training phase and identification phase. The two phases sharing the same stages of the system (face detection, eye detection, edge detection and feature extraction). In this work features vector that represent the face attributes consists of seven moment invariant values obtained by applying moment invariant on master eye block. Probabilistic neural networks (PNN) have been used to make a decision in matching stage; the system was tested over a dataset collected from 30 volunteers, where 10 images for each person were collected in different poss, expressions and orientations. The achieved training rate was 100%, while the achieved recognition rate was 100% in case of front view, 68% in case of right rotate, 69% in case of left rotate and 79% is average rate.
Marmot evolution and global change in the past 10 million years

Ground squirrels of the genus Marmota are known for their ability to tolerate bitterly cold climates, which they in part accomplish with their exceptional ability to hibernate for as much as eight months a year (Armitage et al., 2003). Most of the 15 living species are associated with montane habitats, and those that are not, like the North American woodchuck (Marmota monax) and the eastern European and central Asian bobak (M. bobak) inhabit regions with strongly seasonal climates and often bitterly cold winters (Armitage, 2000) (Figure 9.1). All marmots construct burrows, which can be more than one meter deep even in comparatively mild climates and as much as seven meters deep in the harsh climates of the Himalayas (Barash, 1989). During the cold phases of the last half of the Quaternary the fossil record demonstrates many marmots inhabited periglacial environments (Zimina and Gerasimov, 1973; Kalthoff, 1999). For these reasons, marmots are sometimes considered to be a quintessentially Quaternary clade, specialists on the cold variable climates that are unique to the past 2.6 million years of Earth’s history. The world in which they originated, however, was very different; a warmer one in which there were no tundra biomes, no glacial–interglacial cycles, and no permanent ice cover in the Northern Hemisphere. In this chapter, we review the fossil and phylogenetic history of marmots, the palaeoenvironments in which they originated, and their relationship to glacial–interglacial cycles to better understand the contexts in which the specializations of this unique clade of rodents arose. The Quaternary, the current geological period, is defined by the onset of permanent ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere 2.58 million years ago and is by far the coldest period since the extinction of the last non-avian dinosaurs 65 million years ago (Zachos et al., 2001; Gibbard et al., 2010). Its more than 50 glacial–interglacial cycles are part of the erratic decline in global mean temperature since the warm mid-Miocene climatic optimum 15–17 Ma, driven by combination of relatively low atmospheric CO2, the ocean–atmosphere dynamics created by the current configuration of continents, and astronomically induced changes in insolation (Figure 9.2). The waxing and waning of ice sheets, rises and falls in sea level, and changes in temperature gradients have
Molecular Characterization of the Potyviral First Protein (P1 Protein)

The Potyvirus genus is the largest group of plant viruses and includes many agriculturally important viruses. The potyviral genome is a single-stranded, positive RNA molecule that contains one long open reading frame (ORF) and another relatively short ORF resulting from transcriptional slippage. The resulting two polyproteins are ultimately processed into 11 mature proteins by three viral protease domains. Of these 11 viral proteins, P1, the very first of the viral polyproteins, is one of the least studied. My research was directed to investigate the functional role(s) of P1 during viral infection. In this study, the localization of P1 within plant cells was investigated and three nuclear localization signals (NLSs) were identified. No interaction was identified between P1 and itself or any of the other 10 viral proteins using yeast two hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. An Arabidopsis cDNA library was used for a Y2H screen with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) P1 as bait. Results from this screen yielded 25 putative P1-interacting host factors. Three candidates, AtNDL2, AtTPR and AtUCP3, were chosen for further functional characterization. Homozygous Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion lines for these host factors were obtained and used for TuMV infection assays. AtNDL2, AtTPR and AtUCP3 knockout/knockdown plants demonstrated reduced susceptibility to TuMV infection, which suggests that those proteins have critical functions in the potyviral infection cycle. These three plant proteins were also recruited into TuMV 6K2 vesicles in virus-infected cells. Besides, the infection ability of Tobacco etch virus (TEV) mutations indicated that P1 may be involved in other non-proteolytic functions such as viral amplification or cell-to-cell transportation. The findings generated in this study may contribute to the development of novel genetic resistance against potyviruses and related plant viruses.
Nonlinear Circuit Equations

In this paper, we present a model order reduction approach for nonlinear circuit equations with a small number of nonlinear elements. This approach is based on the decoupling of linear and nonlinear subcircuits and reducing the linear part using balancing-related model reduction techniques. The efficiency and applicability of the proposed model reduction approach is demonstrated on numerical examples.
LINK ANALYSIS: EVIDENCES, RELEVANCE MEASURES, TYPES OF WEB SEARCH AND QUERIES USING HYPERTEXT RETRIEVAL

-Information Retrieval is a vast field of research and evaluation is done in this area of research is rapid. With evaluation in the notion of relevance, it turned out to be a difficult concept to employ. Categories of web search are also evaluated and types of queries are also varies. So, this paper indicates the importance of contextual information other than text on page such as document former, anchor text for better performance via hypertext retrieval as evidences.
Wheat straw and maize stalks based compost for cultivation of Agaricus bisporus

Compost is the result of decomposition process governed by a number of micro-organisms that produce important chemical and biological reactions thereby making it selective for A. bisporus. Wheat straw and maize stalks based compost was prepared in different ratios viz. 1:1 and 2:1 and compared with standard wheat straw based compost for the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus. The physiochemical characters of these compost formulations revealed their pH, temperature, moisture and C/N to be within the range of 7.0-7.9, 75 ̊C-42 ̊C, 74%-62% and 19:120.33:1 respectively. Proximate analysis of compost at five mushroom cultivation stages indicated a statistical reduction in neutral detergent fiber (67.4%-33.31%), acid detergent fiber (53.1%-27.84%), ash content (25.3%-12.87%) and crude protein (15.24%8.46%). The cellulose and hemicelluloses content also showed a gradual decline up to pinhead stage. There was no significant change in lignin content in all the compost. The yield data indicated that wheat straw + maize stalk 2:1 with 15.8 Kg/q compost was at par with the wheat straw based control yield indicating that maize stalk can be safely used with wheat straw at 2:1 ratio without affecting the mushroom yield potential.
Why are larger Foraminifera large?

Delayed maturation and growth to large sizes are only advantageous under stable environmental conditions where food resources are limited. Specialization to algal symbiosis is also highly advantageous under those conditions if sunlight is available. The coevolution of these two characteristics has occurred many times in many foraminiferal lineages. These traits are sometimes associated with increased embryon size and suppression of sexual reproduction, which are also characteristics most advantageous under stable environmental conditions. Specialization for these traits, ensuring success in warm, shallow, stable, oligotrophic environments, often dooms the species or lineage to extinction when conditions change.
Analysis of reproduction and growth in fancy pigeons.

The study was conducted on ornamental pigeons kept by a private pigeon breeder in Poland. The experimental population was Polish Owl and Warsaw Butterfly Tumbler pigeons and the offspring obtained from pairs of these breeds during the breeding season. In the breeding season, the number of eggs laid by each female was recorded, egg weight measurements were made and egg width (short axis) and length (long axis) were measured. The percentage of fertilized eggs and dead embryos, as well as hatchability of set and fertilized eggs were calculated. The body weight was monitored until 3 months of age in order to determine the growth rate. In the breeding season analyzed, Warsaw Butterfly Tumbler pigeons were characterized by better egg laying performance (10.3 eggs per female) than Polish Owl ones (6.72 eggs per female). Both pigeon breeds laid eggs of a similar weight (14.8 g). Egg shape index in Polish Owl pigeons was 73.04%, whereas in Warsaw Butterfly Tumblers it was 3% greater (differences statistically significant). Egg fertilization rate in Polish Owl pigeons was low, 64.86%, whereas in Warsaw Butterfly Tumbler it was 25% higher. Chicks hatched from 97.2% of fertilized eggs in Polish Owl pigeons and from 69.57% eggs in Warsaw Butterfly Tumblers. The highest body weight gains in the pigeon breeds under analysis were observed during the period from hatching to 4 weeks of age.