Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Raman Correlation Spectroscopy Determination of the Glycosidic Linkages in Amylose and Amylopectin

Amylose and amylopectin are two major carbohydrates in cereal and cereal food products. Both of these polysaccharides have complex conformations that affect their physical, chemical, and biological activities,1 despite the fact that they are mainly made up of a-(1→4)-linked Dglucose residues. Generally, amylose has been considered to be a linear polymer through a-D-(1→4) glycosidic linkages (Fig. 1), although now there is evidence that amylose is not completely linear. Amylopectin is a branched polymer, and a branch point occurs approximately every 20–25 glucose units when a chain of a-D(1→4) glucose units is linked to the C-6 hydroxymethyl position of a glucose molecule through an a-D-(1→6) glycosidic linkage. Thus, about 4–5% of the glucose units in amylopectin are involved in branch points. Clearly, both the relative proportions of amylose to amylopectin and a-D-(1→6) branch points depend on the source of the starch.2 Raman spectroscopy has found considerable applica-
[Use of topical voriconazole in Alternaria keratitis].

CLINICAL CASE A 38-year-old man with fungal Alternaria keratitis was referred from another hospital 25 days after post-traumatic penetrating keratoplastia surgery on his right eye. We commenced treatment with topical voriconazole and the condition resolved. DISCUSSION Fungal Alternaria keratitis is rare, and treatment is difficult because the clinical response does not correlate well with the antibiotic in vitro sensitivity of the fungus. Clinical cases need to be diagnosed and treated quickly if visual loss is to be avoided. The combination of topical and systemic voriconazole has been shown to be an effective treatment for this condition
A transform tree code for stationary Gaussian sources

A new tree code is introduced for discrete-time stationary Gaussian sources with hounded, integrable power spectra and the squared-error distortion measure. The codewords in the tree are reconstructions of Karhunen-Loeve transforms of the source words. The branching factor and the number of code letters per branch may vary with level in the tree. A theorem that guarantees the existence of an optimal code for any code rate using such a tree is proved. The proof uses the random coding argument in conjunction with a theorem on survival of a branching process with random environment. A suboptimal but computationally affordable realization of the theorem's coding technique was used for encoding simulations for six autoregressive sources at rates of 1.0, 0.50, 0.25 , and 0.10 bits per source symbol. The average distortion results were generally within 1 dB of the distortion-rate bound but varied widely depending on the source and rate. The results were compared with those for transform quantization simulations for the same sources and rates. The tree code always performed better but only by an average of 0.44 dB all sources and rates. Longer source blocks and more intensive search would certainly improve the performance of the tree codes, but at the expense of extra computation and storage.
Values and Identity in Catholic Education: A Response to Rabbi Michael A. Paley

In response to the question, "Who are the Jews? " Rabbi Paley describes the transformation of a "poverty-stricken, oppressed European Jewry into a secure, assimilated, highly American middle-class community. " Following the trajectory, he then wonders if Jews will ". become just another contributor to the American melting pot. " Rabbi Paley contrasts the orientation of the 200,000 ultra-Orthodox Jews who have maintained a unique identity with that of the majority who have assimilated into American life. It must be noted that the ultra-Orthodox represent a very small percentage—3.4%—of the Jewish population in the United States that numbers 5,880,000 (United States Census Bureau, 1995, p. 70). A response to the question, "Who are the Catholics? " would, on the one hand, yield a similar response. The U.S. Catholic story is one of transformation of poverty-stricken European immigrants into the American middle class. On the other hand, the Catholic and Jewish experience is quite different. First, while Catholics suffered discrimination in this country, they never experienced the virulence of anti-Semitism that is alive in many quarters even today. Second, while Catholics shared a common religious heritage, their ethnic identities were distinct; they came from very different parts of
Assembly motion teaching system using position/force simulator-generating control program

We have developed a teaching system based on the assumption that the assembly task is a series of operations for achieving a target contact state among objects through changing their contact states. The features of our system are as follows: 1) teaching data for fine motion is extracted from a demonstration by an operator in a virtual world, 2) the operator can edit intermediate expressions on a display, 3) intermediate expressions can be used by any robot system with a skill library which has the ability to achieve the corresponding contact states. This paper describes the configuration of the system, program generation using intermediate expressions and a skill library to achieve each contact state.
MANUFACTURING CONSENT FOR PRIVATIZATION IN PUBLIC EDUCATION: THE RISE OF A SOCIAL FINANCE NETWORK IN CANADA

Multiple forms of privatization are emerging in the Canadian public sector, including public – private partnerships. This article focuses on one approach to public – private partnerships called “ social finance, ” and a network of public, private, and not-for-profit organizations that promotes social finance as a means of funding public services, including education. The authors employ social network analysis to identify key members of this network, and critical discourse analysis to examine the discourse the network produces. Findings reveal a number of discursive and extra-discursive practices the network uses that legitimize social finance approaches to funding public services. These practices manufacture consent for increased privatization in the public sphere, and this has important implications for public education.
Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food : Quality and Agronomic Performance

Grain β-glucan content is the most important attribute for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties destined for the human food market. This trait is important because of the blood glucose and cholesterol-reducing properties of β-glucans. High levels of grain protein content, test weight, and seed size and endosperm color may also add value. Seed yield potential, in part, determines the economic feasibility of producing human food varieties. To determine the potential of food barley production in the dryland production areas of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, 33 cultivars and advanced lines reported to vary in β-glucan content were grown in 2006 and 2007 at two locations in northeastern Oregon under dryland cropping conditions. Seed yield, test weight, percentage of plump kernels, grain β-glucan, and grain protein were measured on replicated samples from the four environments, allowing for assessment of average performance as well as genotype x environment interaction. Estimates of variance components showed that ∼66% of the variability in β-glucan content was attributable to genotype. Cultivars and lines with waxy starch had an average β-glucan value of 55 g kg -1 compared with 35 g kg -1 for cultivars and lines with nonwaxy starch. We found significant two- and three-way interactions, but these accounted for much less of the total variation in the measured phenotypes than the main effects of variety, year, and location. Hulless accessions produced an average of 3580 kg grain ha -1 compared with 4260 kg grain ha -1 for the hulled accessions. Hulled, waxy-starch varieties appear to have the greatest agronomic potential for dryland production, as they combine high yield potential and grain β-glucan percentage.
Global Online Performance and Service Orientation

INTRODUCTION The competition currently facing small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) is characterized by three interacting trends: market globalization; enhanced e-commerce technology; and the growth of the service economy. With respect to the first trend, globalization has led SMEs into world markets and some are rapidly becoming global players (Chetty and Blankenburg Holm, 2000; Oviatt and McDougall, 1997). Understanding the processes that underpin success is of paramount importance to academics and practitioners alike (Beamish et al. By facilitating a direct link between the firm and customer, e-commerce provides a low cost gateway to global markets (Etemad and Wright, 1999). For many SMEs, online activity accelerates the growth dynamics by increasing global sales (Morgan-or enhances the rate and geographical spread of foreign market entries (Kim, 2003). The third trend relates to the growth in the service economy. Over 75% of the United Kingdom and United States workforce can be classified as belonging to the service sector, with at least 50% of Japa-nese, German and Russian workers being similarly classified (OECD, 2006). In today's global market place, performance and long-term survival are more likely to be derived from the service exchange than transactions involving products (Vargo and Lusch, 2006) and there is an increasing emphasis on service provision even within manufacturing contexts The focus is on co-creation of value, with ever-greater attention to the servicing of the exchange rather than Service orientation gains new relevance in the context of e-commerce and evidence suggests that e-commerce plays a key role in enhancing service orientation both in the domestic (Balasubramanian et al. 2003; Jayachandran et al., 2005) and global (Houghton and Winklhofer, 2004) contexts. Against this background, the article examines the contribution of e-commerce to SME globalization. The focus here is explicitly on existing firms and their online activities. The key construct, global online performance, measures the extent to which internationalization objectives are achieved. Building on globalization and e-commerce literature (Cavusgil and Zou, 1994; Morgan et al., 2004), and framing the issue as one of capability development (Knudsen and Madsen, 2002; Zahra and George; 2002), the article examines online capabilities, external knowledge sources and intentional efforts as they relate to global online performance.
A roentgenographic study of the growth rate of 6 “early” cancers of the breast

Case 1. The patient, aged 41 years, was admitted for cysts of the left breast. A nonpalpable carcinoma 0.4 cm. in diameter, although present on the roentgenogram, was not diagnosed and was missed at operation. During the next 4 years the patient was under close clinical supervision. On at least 4 separate occasions, clear acellular fluid was aspirated from cysts in both breasts. Forty-six months after the initial roentgenographic examination, the patient returned with recurrent bilateral cysts. The roentgenogram taken at that time showed a typical duct carcinoma in the upper left breast. This was confirmed at operation: there were no metastatic axillary lymph nodes.
The benefits for Canadian businesses to outsource e-invoicing to a managed service provider

Invoicing is one of an organization's business critical processes (BCP) functioning directly between two parties - a buyer and supplier. Over the last ten years organizations within the public and private sectors of the European Union (EU) and Latin & South America (S.America) identified the manual invoicing process as an opportunity to save money and increase productivity simply by outsourcing this function to a qualified Managed Service Provider (MSP) (Kivijarvi et al, 2012). By working together, governments in the EU created consortia focused on research and development with groups such as Research on Advanced Communications in Europe (RACE), which provided support to organizations who adopted new technologies like E-Invoicing (Rugman & Collison 2012). As a result, the European Association of Corporate Treasurers (EACT) claim that, since 2005, the measurable cost savings related to outsourcing processes, such as invoicing , has exceeded 243 billion euro per annum across Europe (Kivijarvi et al, 2012 UNECE 2012). Similar cost savings benefits will be appreciated by Canadian business upon implementation however, the adoption rate within Canada is still quite low as E-Invoicing industry is still in its infancy stages.
Real-time Condition-monitoring : The Impact of Bayesian Update on Failure-time Distribution

Many classic age replacement policies rely on the assumption that the time-to-failure distribution has an increasing failure rate. In addition, many commonly used probability distributions possess the increasing failure rate property, including the Normal distribution and the Weibull distribution with shape parameter greater than one. However, significant recent research has considered how real-time sensor data, obtained through condition monitoring, can be used to periodically update the time-to-failure distribution of a functioning device. For example, in some proposed approaches, the time-to-failure distribution is computed using Bayesian updating given the observed sensor data. In this research, we investigate how the use of Bayesian updating changes the characteristics of the failure rate associated with the time-to-failure distribution. For example, while it is well-known that the Exponential time-to-failure distribution has a constant failure rate, we demonstrate that its Bayesian-updated time-to-failure distribution has a decreasing failure rate (DFR).
International Child Development Accounts

Child Development Accounts (CDAs) are subsidized savings or investment accounts to help people accumulate assets for developmental purposes and life course needs. They are envisioned as universal (everyone participates), progressive (greater subsidies for the poor), and potentially lifelong national policy. These features distinguish CDAs from most existing asset-building policies and programs around the world, which are typically regressive, giving greater benefits to the well-off. With policy innovation in recent years, several countries now have national CDA policies, and four states in the United States have statewide programs. Some of these are designed to be universal and progressive. Evidence indicates that true universality can be achieved, but only with automatic account opening and automatic deposits. In the absence of automatic features, advantaged families participate and benefit more. Today, momentum for universal and automatic features is gradually gaining traction and accelerating. At this stage in the emergence of inclusive asset-based policy, this is the most important development.
Differential genetic hitchhiking around mutant pfcrt alleles in the Indian Plasmodium falciparum population.

OBJECTIVES To study the origin and spread of the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum population in the Indian subcontinent. METHODS Fourteen microsatellites spanning a ∼120 kb region, flanking the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene, were analysed in 185 parasite isolates. RESULTS The Indian P. falciparum population exhibited a selective valley of reduced genetic variation in the flanking microsatellites of the mutant pfcrt alleles (up to ±29 kb) as compared with the wild-type allele. This valley is much narrower than the ±200 kb valley reported from African and South-East Asian countries. The majority of the isolates showed asymmetry in the selective valley, where upstream microsatellites showed less genetic variation than the downstream microsatellites. Regional variation in the width and symmetry of the selective valley was noticed, which seems to be related to the number of pfcrt alleles present in the parasite population of a region. Forty-six different microsatellite haplotypes were observed among the P. falciparum isolates containing mutant pfcrt alleles. Parasite populations from different regions of mainland India shared microsatellite haplotypes between them, but they shared none with the isolates from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and vice versa. Indian isolates shared microsatellite haplotypes with the isolates from Papua New Guinea and Thailand. CONCLUSIONS With regard to chloroquine there is regional variation in the selection pressure on the P. falciparum population in India. These findings will help the regional implementation of drug policy in India's malaria control programme.
How does ownership affect firm value

The purpose of this thesis is to study how different types of owners affect firm value on the Finnish market. Indisputably, some owners perform better than others do, however there is uncertainty of how wide these trends are and if there are whole groups of owners who clearly differ from the rest with their performance. The data includes two separate data samples. The first sample consists of companies on the Talouselämä 500 list from 2009-2014, while the second sample includes all firms listed on the Nasdaq OMX Helsinki stock exchange from 2008-2014. I study the impact of ownership by separating the single largest shareholders into different categories, including families, corporations, foundations, investment advisors, institutional investors, risk capitalists, the government, cooperatives, municipalities and foreign investors. I also study how the amount of voting rights, ownership concentration, CEO ownership and dual class shares affects firm value (Nasdaq OMX Helsinki sample). The results show that ownership does have an impact on firm value depending on the type of owner. The most significant results show that pension and insurance funds have a positive impact on firm value, while cooperatives, foundations, the government and CEO ownership have a negative impact. The amount of voting rights of the largest owner does not show a significant impact on firm value.
IANA Registry Updates for Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)

This document describes a number of changes to (D)TLS IANA registries that range from adding notes to the registry all the way to changing the registration policy. These changes were mostly motivated by WG review of the (D)TLS-related registries undertaken as part of the TLS1.3 development process. This document updates the following RFCs: 3749, 5077, 4680, 5246, 5705, 5878, 6520, 7301.
Stabilization of F-actin by tropomyosin isoforms regulates the morphology and mechanical behavior of red blood cells

The absence of Tpm3.1 in red blood cells (RBCs) induces a compensatory increase in Tpm1.9 and abnormally stable F-actin in the membrane skeleton, with reduced association of Band 3 and glycophorin A, leading to a compensated hemolytic anemia with abnormal RBC shapes and mechanical properties.
Optimal Recovery of Tensor Slices

We consider the problem of large scale matrix recovery given side information in the form of additional matrices of conforming dimension. This is a parsimonious model that captures a number of interesting problems including context and location aware recommendations, personalized ‘tag’ learning, demand learning with side information, etc. Viewing the matrix we seek to recover and the side information we have as slices of a tensor, we consider the problem of Slice Recovery, which is to recover specific slices of a tensor from noisy observations of the tensor. We provide an efficient algorithm to recover slices of structurally ‘simple’ tensors given noisy observations of the tensor’s entries; our definition of simplicity subsumes low-rank tensors for a variety of definitions of tensor rank. Our algorithm is practical for large datasets and provides a significant performance improvement over state of the art incumbent approaches to tensor recovery. We establish theoretical recovery guarantees that under reasonable assumptions are minimax optimal for slice recovery. These guarantees also imply the first minimax optimal guarantees for recovering tensors of low Tucker rank and general noise. Experiments on data from a music streaming service demonstrate the performance and scalability of our algorithm.
The Impact of Village Expansion Policy on Public Service Aspects at Sadar Village Bone-Bone District of North Luwu Regency

This research explores the impact of village expansion policy on public service aspects at Sadar Village of Bone Bone District of North Luwu Regency. This study aims at to determine the impact of village expansions policy on public service aspects at Sadar Village Bone-Bone District, North Luwu Regency. The type of research is descriptive with qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and review documentation. Data analysis techniques used consist of; data collection,reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. The results showed that the impact of village expansion policy which occurred at Sadar Village of Bone-Bone District of North Luwu Regency has had a positive impact on the public service aspect, especially in the service of Birth Certificate and Family Card that has been seen from several indicators namely; system/procedures, service period, cost/tariff,facilities and infrastructure, and apparatus competency. According to the results of the study showed that village expansion of Sadar Village has very positive impact on public services in this area, because it brings a better change rather than before the village expansion is done. In other words, the expanding territory of Sadar Village has fulfilled the expectation of all the people of Sadar Village who need a quality service.
Corporate Governance of Banks, Performance, Market and Capital Structure

Many scholars have linked Corporate Governance (CG) and performance or CG, capital structure of banks or market structure. The decision to use the capital market or debt in order to obtain the necessary capital to finance firms’ operations is a critical factor for the formulation of corporate environment, because it contributes to the ownership concentration or diffusion and to corporate risk exposure level. <br><br>The paper’s goal is to link all these three dimensions and to address the issue of whether performance and capital structure are the decisive factors of good corporate governance or vice versa and whether these dimensions are the drivers of banks’ financial health, strategic robustness and survival effectiveness. Furthermore, the paper is seeking to detect the differences (if any) among banking systems across Europe. <br><br>To do that a double sample is selected (covering the period from 2004 to 2013). The first sample is comprised by European banks that merged. The second sample is comprised by European banks that survived the last merger &amp; acquisition wave and the systemic shock of the double crises of 2002 and 2008. <br><br>A combined ratio of performance (ROAA or ROEA) and debt to equity (DE or debt aggravation) is used to determine if there is a connection between capital structure and CG quality of banks. Panel data methodology is used. <br><br>The econometric results show that there are no significant differences between the strata that are used for this research. There is no common factor or driver between the banking systems of Europe. This is an indication that the convergence theory of corporate governance systems is yet confirmed.