Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HYBRID GREY WOLF OPTIMIZATION-PATTERN SEARCH (hGWO-PS) OPTIMIZED 2DOF-PID CONTROLLERS FOR LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) IN INTERCONNECTED THERMAL POWER PLANTS

The combination of Grey Wolf Optimization and Pattern Search Technique (hGWO-PS) has been introduced to optimize the parameters of two Degree of Freedom Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller (2DOF-PID) for controlling the load frequency in Automatic Generation Control (AGC) for interconnected power system. The interconnected two area power system of non-reheat thermal power plants consisting of 2DOF-PID controller in each area has been considered for design and analysis. Firstly, the proposed approach has been implemented in the aforementioned standard test system and thereafter, the robustness of the system consisting 2DOF-PID controller optimized by proposed technique has been estimated using the sensitivity analysis for the same. The robustness of the system consisting of 2DOF-PID controller optimized by proposed scheme is examined by varying the parameters of standard test system, loading conditions during operation, size and location of the disturbances. The performance of the 2DOF-PID controller optimized by proposed approach has also been compared with recently published approaches in the literature. The simulation results show that the proposed hGWO-PS optimized 2DOF-PID controller shows far better performance than recently published approaches in the literature in terms of dynamic response. The simulation results also show that system performances hardly change when the operating load condition and system parameters are changed by ±50% from their nominal values, i.e. the proposed controllers are quite robust for a wide range of the system parameters and operating load conditions from their nominal values.
Species Delimitation and Phylogenetic Relationships. A study of Silene sections Atocion and Cryptoneurae

The existence of conflicting genealogies of different genes through the evolution of species complicates the inference of phylogenetic relationships. The Multispecies Coalescent (MSC) model provides a theoretical background that account for the stochasticity in the genealogical process, thus providing systematists with a potentially objective way of testing alternative hypotheses of putative species. This thesis focus on species delimitation under the MSC model with particular reference to Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) sect. Cyptoneurae Aydin & Oxelman and sect. Atocion Otth. A phylogenetic overview of both sections including several taxonomic conclusions are presented. Based on extensive sampling of nuclear ITS and chloroplast rps16 markers across the tribe Sileneae, sect. Atocion and sect. Cyptoneurae are shown to be distantly related, despite strong morphological similarities. Section Cyptoneurae is formally described and a key to the included species is provided. Species limits within sect. Cryptoneurae are evaluated with the Bayesian methods BP&P and marginal likelihood estimation (MLE) with *BEAST using data from six putatively independent loci. MLE score comparison is found to be an efficient way to evaluate alternative hypotheses of species delimitations. The recognition of a new species, S. ertekinii Aydin & Oxelman is strongly supported by both approaches. Species limits in sect. Atocion are investigated with the DISSECT method without conditioning on any classification defined a priori. MLE scores of morphological classifications estimated with *BEAST are found to be inferior to classifications recognising strongly supported minimal clades from the DISSECT results, which reveal strong support for the recognition of several new species in the section. Two lineages which belong morphologically to S. assyriaca Hausskn. & Bornmüller ex Lazkov are found to be distantly related, thus being cryptic species, as no morphological and geographical differentiation can be detected. Two major, geographically structured clades are found in the section. One of the two western lineages should be named S. atocioides Boiss. , whereas S. aegyptiaca (L) L.fil. belong to the eastern clade. Silene delicatula subsp. pisidica Boiss. is shown to be synonymous to S. atocioides. Silene fraudatrix Meikle, considered by current taxonomy as an endemic species on Northern Cyprus, is not clearly distinct from some mainland populations of S. aegyptiaca and those on Cyprus. From one of the studied loci, an ancient recombination event resulting from a hybridization event between the eastern and western clades is detected. This study is one of the first that applies the MSC model for species delimitation in plants. The strengths and weaknesses of the approach are discussed, as well as the possible consequences to taxonomy and, in the long run, biodiversity estimation.
Ontological Metaphor by Valentino Simanjuntak: Study on Television live broadcast of AFF U-18 Championship 2017

Valentino Simanjuntak is a soccer commentator on television who has created some new metaphors when guiding the game. The metaphors created are unique, funny, and very entertaining. The new metaphors created by Valentino Simanjuntak for example, umpan membelah lautan (splitting sea pass), umpan sedekah (alms pass), umpan segitiga bermuda (bermuda triangle pass), umpan segitiga cinta (triangle of love pass), serangan mudik (homecoming attack), terciduk oleh wasit (picked up by referee), umpan merpati (dove pass), umpan manja (spoiled pass), sapuan salah tingkah (awkward clearance), umpan antarbenua (intercontinental pass), tendangan PHP (giving false hope kick), and much more. Through these metaphors, Valentino Simanjuntak became a favourite soccer commentator in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to decipher these metaphors to know how the conceptualizations are. The conceptualization is focused on ontological metaphor. The method used is qualitative method with the perspective lens of cognitive semantic theory. The data were obtained from the match of AFF U-18 Championship 2017 on tv. The sample of the data were taken from the matches of Indonesia vs Myanmar, Indonesia vs Philippines, and Indonesia vs Bruney Darussalam. Through this study, it was found that the ontological metaphor of Valentino Simanjuntak appeared in conceptualization (1) abstract entity as physical object, (2) event as physical object, (3) action as physical object, (4) activity as substance, and (5) personification.
The Nature of the Wave Function

Which of our basic physical assumptions are wrong? Superposition of quantum states and collapse of the wave function are significant assumptions. We address the physics of the wave function, the wave function as probability, the extent of the wave function, quantum correlations, Bell’s theorem, spaces in which wave functions are formulated, and discuss recent experiments that support our interpretation.
A Novel Tissue Block Tracking Algorithm with Blood Tracking Assist in Medical Ultrasonic Images

A novel tissue tracking algorithm with blood tracking assist is proposed in this paper, and a experiment platform which including the stepper motor, colloidal silica cylinder is designed to evaluate our algorithm, all the data are collected by medial ultrasonic workstation Siemens ACUSON S2000, compare with the measuring results with theoretical, Siemens’ and traditional blocking matching (TBM) algorithm, the new scheme can get good results than the TBM and very close to the results obtained by Siemens.
Teachers’ Attitudes and Practices on Differentiated Instruction

This study investigated teachers’ attitudes and practices differentiating instruction for elementary school-aged students. This study looked at where, when and how it is being implemented, and the benefits and challenges using it. The extant literature revealed that the various components that make up differentiated instruction are based on sound research; however, there is a lack of research supporting full implementation. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with two experienced elementary school teachers, while using the descriptive coding process to analyze the data. Four themes emerged: leveling the playing field, which discusses the importance creating an equitable teaching experience for all. The role of assessment. This theme details how the importance of assessment in differentiation as well as some useful strategies teachers can use. How teachers address students’ needs, which looks at the methods teachers can use to differentiate instruction for students. Finally, going above and beyond talks about the amount of time and effort needed to differentiate effectively. Each of these themes support the notion that there is considerable learner variance amongst learners, and appropriate modifications and accommodations that meet these specific needs benefit their learning. However, considerable time and effort is needed to make this a reality. Not meeting these needs is an issue of equity teaching from a one-size-fits-all method of teaching benefits a few, but not all, students. It is recommended that the Ministry of Education take ownership of these implications by providing adequate professional training for teachers and administrators and investing into new technologies that can support teachers to differentiate instruction appropriately.
THE INFLUENCE OF INFILL PANELS ON VULNERABILITY CURVES FOR RC BUILDINGS

A Simplified Pushover-Based Earthquake Loss Assessment method (SP-BELA) for the definition of vulnerability curves has recently been proposed. A prototype structure is introduced to describe the behaviour of a selected structural type. Conceptually, the method can be applied to any structural typology. When reinforced concrete buildings are taken into account, a simulated design procedure is adopted to define section dimensions and the reinforcement of the structural elements of a random building population. SP-BELA adopts a simplified method of analysis to define the pushover curve of each building of the population. Since SP-BELA is based on a mechanics-based interpretation of structural behaviour, through a pushover curve, it is straightforward to account for the influences of different structural layouts on the vulnerability. The research work described herein has been undertaken to highlight the influence of infill panels on the vulnerability curves. In this paper, vulnerability curves for both seismically designed and non-seismically designed reinforced concrete buildings are presented assuming the following conditions: bare frames, regularly distributed and irregularly distributed infill panels along the height of the building. A comprehensive validation exercise of the simplified methodology used to produce the pushover curves is also documented.
Constraining the geometry of PSR J0855-4644: A nearby pulsar wind nebula with double torus/jet morphology

Aims. PSR J0855−4644 is a fast-spinning, energetic pulsar discovered at radio wavelengths near the south-eastern rim of the supernova remnant RX J0852.0−4622. A follow-up XMM-Newton observation revealed the X-ray counterpart of the pulsar and a slightly asymmetric pulsar wind nebula, which suggests possible jet structures. Lying at a distance d ≤ 900 pc, PSR J0855−4644 is a pulsar with one of the highest Ė / d 2 from which no GeV γ -ray pulsations have been detected. With a dedicated Chandra observation we aim to further resolve the possible jet structures of the nebula and study the pulsar geometry to understand the lack of γ -ray pulsations. Methods. We performed detailed spatial modelling to constrain the geometry of the pulsar wind nebula and in particular the pulsar line of sight (observer angle) ζ PSR , which is defined as the angle between the direction of the observer and the pulsar spin axis. We also performed geometric radio and γ -ray light-curve modelling using a hollow-cone radio beam model together with two-pole caustic and outer gap models to further constrain ζ PSR and the magnetic obliquity α defined as the angle between the magnetic and spin axes of the pulsar. Results. The Chandra observation reveals that the compact XMM source, thought to be the X-ray pulsar, can be further resolved into a point source surrounded by an elongated axisymmetric nebula with a longitudinal extent of 10′′. The pulsar flux represents only ~1% of the XMM compact source, and its spectrum is well described by a blackbody of temperature kT = 0.2 keV, while the surrounding nebula has a much harder spectrum (Γ = 1.1 for a power-law model). Assuming the origin of the extended emission is a double torus yields ζ PSR = 32.5° ± 4.3°. The detection of thermal X-rays from the pulsar may point to a low value of | ζ − α | if this emission originates from a heated polar cap. Independent constraints from geometric light-curve modelling yield α ≲ 55° and ζ ≲ 55°, and 10° ≲ | ζ − α | ≲ 30°. A χ 2 fit to the radio light curve yields a best fit at ( α, ζ PSR ) = (22°,8°), with an alternative fit at ( α, ζ PSR ) = (9°,25°) within 3 σ . The lack of non-thermal X-ray emission from the pulsar further supports low values for α and ζ under the assumption that X-rays and γ -rays are generated in the same region of the pulsar magnetosphere. Such a geometry would explain, in the standard caustic pulsar model picture, the radio-loud and γ -ray-quiet behaviour of this high Ė / d 2 pulsar.
Design and implementation of a torque-enhancement 2-axis magnetostatic SOI optical scanner

This study demonstrates the torque-enhancement design for a 2-axis magnetostatic SOI scanner driven by a double-side electroplating ferromagnetic film. The present design has two merits: (1) the slender ferromagnetic material patterns with higher length-to-width ratio enhance the magnetization, (2) the backside electroplating of the ferromagnetic film increases the volume of the ferromagnetic materials. This study also establishes the fabrication processes to implement the proposed design. The processes also have two merits: (1) the handle-layer of the SOI wafer is exploited as the shadow mask to pattern the seed-layer at the backside of the device layer, (2) the device layer of the SOI wafer acts as the cathode to enable simultaneous double-side electroplating. In applications, a 2-axis SOI scanner was implemented and characterized. Measurements show a 149% torque enhancement from the double-side electroplating design. The vertical slender ferromagnetic material patterns further increase the magnetostatic torque to 211%. This study also successfully demonstrates the Lissajous scanning using the presented 2-axis SOI scanner.
ELECTRON-CLOUD BUILD-UP SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS AT CERN

We benchmark the predictions of electron-cloud buildup simulations against measurements at the CERN SPS. Specifically we compare the electron flux at the wall, electron-energy spectra, heat loads and the spatial distribution of the electrons for two different bunch spacings, with variable magnetic fields, and for several chamber temperatures and associated surface conditions. The simulations employ a modified, improved version of the ECLOUD code. The main changes are briefly described. We finally present updated simulation results for the heat load in the cold LHC arcs.
A Study to Recognize Printed Gujarati Characters Using Tesseract OCR

: Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a widely-known technique to recognize the printed text using computer with the help of various peripheral devices. Research works for OCR of many languages scripts is in process and many languages are still far away. Gujarati script is one of the least focused script in research area of OCR as compared to other scripts. A well-known Open Source OCR Engine called Tesseract which is already used for the recognition of numerous scripts, can be used to recognize printed Gujarati characters from digital images. This paper is trying to enlighten the use of Tesseract to recognize Gujarati characters with the help of already available trained data for Gujarati Script.
Development of a Wireless Power Transfer System using Resonant Inductive Coupling Conference

Access to power is a fundamental requirement for the effective functioning of any electrical/electronic circuit. The conduit of transfer of power can be either physical (wires, cables etc.) of non-physical (i.e. wireless). Wireless power transfer is a broad term used to describe any means used to transmit power to electricity dependent systems and devices. In this paper, a wireless power transfer system is developed to provide an alternative to using power cords for electrical/electronic devices. With this technology, challenges like damaged or tangled power cords, sparking hazards and the extensive use of plastic and copper used in cord production are resolved and also the need for batteries in non-mobile devices is eliminated. In this system, electromagnetic energy is transmitted from a power source (transmitter) to an electrical load (receiver) via resonant inductive coupling. The performance achieved is a good indication that power can still be transmitted over a medium range. In addition, possible ways of improving the efficiency of the system are discussed.
Extraction and estimation of facial expression by means of wavelet decomposition and active shape template

This paper presents an automatic approach for extracting a face and estimating the facial expression from a gray image. To improve the execution time and the tolerance degree, the technique of wavelet decomposition is used in our approach for feature extraction. The main steps of the proposed approach are as follows. First, each input image is preprocessed with normalization, which includes translation, rotation, scaling, and light source adjustment. Secondly, the wavelet decomposition transform is applied to making image into different levels, and the information extracted from these levels is used to estimate the face region with a template-matching method. Finally, the facial expression is estimated from the found face region by using the technique of active shape template. Experimental results have confirmed the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Biological activity of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts

Abstract Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) essential oil (VEO) has a long history of use. However, research on its biological activity in human skin cells is scarce. In this study, we investigated the biological activity of VEO in a pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblast model, which was designed to mimic the disease biology of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. We analyzed the impact of VEO on the levels of 17 important protein biomarkers pertinent to immune response and tissue remodeling. VEO exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in these cells and significantly inhibited the production of collagen III, an important molecule for skin and tissue remodeling processes. We also studied the effect of VEO on regulating genome-wide gene expression. VEO robustly impacted many genes and signaling pathways that are closely related to tissue remodeling and metabolism, among others. Specifically, VEO significantly impacted pathways for cholesterol synthesis and metabolism. This study provides the first evidence of the biological activity of VEO in human dermal fibroblasts. Though a definite conclusion remains elusive, the data suggest that VEO has therapeutic potential for both cosmetic and metabolic health care products. Further research into VEO’s biological and pharmacological mechanisms of action is recommended.
Some Identities Relating to Degenerate Bernoulli Polynomials

Recently, Carlitz degenerate Bernoulli numbers and polynomials have been studied by several authors (see (3, 4)). In this paper, we consider new degenerate Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, di erent from Carlitz degenerate Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, and give some formulae and identities related to these numbers and polynomials.
Modeling the Variable Chromosphere of α Orionis

A spectral analysis of the prototypical red supergiant star α Ori that is based on near-UV, optical, and near-IR high-dispersion spectra obtained between 1992 September and 1999 July with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, the Utrecht Echelle Spectrograph, and the SoFin Echelle Spectrograph is presented. With detailed non-LTE radiative transfer calculations in spherical geometry, we model the mean conditions in the stellar chromosphere from Hα and the Mg II resonance doublet. The Hα absorption line emerges from an extended chromosphere. Temporal changes of its velocity structure are determined from detailed fits to near-UV Si I lines, and chromospheric expansion velocities around 4 km s -1 are found in 1992, whereas the chromosphere was collapsing onto the photosphere with a velocity of 5 km s -1 in 1998-1999. The Hα core depth is correlated over time with weaker depression changes seen in prominent TiO band heads that dominate the optical spectrum. From elaborate spectral synthesis calculations, we isolate unblended metal absorption lines in the near-IR and determine Teff = 3500 K and log(g) = -0.5 for solar metallicity and 12 ± 0.5 km s -1 for macrobroadening and v sin i. Semiempirical fits yield chromospheric temperatures not in excess of 5500 K, but with long-term changes by ~400 K. The model extends over 5000 R☉ and requires supersonic microturbulence values ranging to 19 km s -1, in strong contrast with the photospheric value of only 2 km s -1. We observe Doppler shifts of 4-8 km s -1 in the scattering cores of many double-peaked near-UV emission lines which correlate with changes in the intensity ratio of their emission components. The red emission components were much stronger in 1992, indicating a phase of enhanced chromospheric outflow, for which we determine a spherical mass-loss rate of 6 × 10-7 M☉ yr -1. We present a discussion of chromospheric pulsation in this massive star. Detailed modeling of the observed Mg II h and k line asymmetry is also presented. We demonstrate that a chromospheric Mn I blend strongly contributes to this puzzling asymmetry.
Plasma Homocysteine Levels Among Epileptic Patients Normalized by Vitamin Supplementation-A Spectral and Clinical Follow up

Homocysteine is a sulphur containing amino acid resulting from de-methylation of methionine , an essential amino acid derived fr om dietary proteins. It is metabolized through two pathways, remethylation and transsulfuration, which use as cofactors folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been identified as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, dementia, impaired co gnitive function and depression. Several dr ugs may interf ere with metabolic pathways of homocysteine, leading to an alteration of plasma homocysteine levels. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been documented in epileptic patients after chronic treatment with antiepileptic drugs. For the present study five epileptic patients were selected. Before the initiation of vitamin supplements along with their regular medication, the FTIR spectra of the blood plasma was recorded and their homocysteine levels were clinically tested. They were orally administered a daily dosage of folic acid (5 mg), vitamin B12 (250 mcg) and vitamin B6 (25 mg) supplements for a period of two months. Efficacy of these vitamin supplements were analyzed both clinically and spectroscopically. The FTIR spectra were recorded at the end of the first and the second month and also the homocysteine levels were clinically tested. The absorption values of the specific modes of vibration pertaining to homoc ysteine of both pre and post-treatment spectra were noted and the percentage of efficacy of the multivitamins was calculated. The spectral and clinical investigation showed that the addition of these vitamins can markedly reduce the homocysteine levels in blood plasma.