Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EMOTIONAL DISTRESS MEASURES The Role of Self-Construal and Self-Enhancement

Research suggests that Asians consistently score higher than European Americans on measures of emo- tional distress. Extending previous research, the current study found that self-report measures of depression, social avoidance and distress, and fear of negative evaluation were positively related to a self-report measure of interdependent self-construal, negatively related to a self-report measure of independent self-construal, or both. Furthermore, distress measures varied inversely with relative self-enhancement, an indigenous con- stituent of the independent self but not of the interdependent self. Results suggest that certain commonly used measures of depression and social anxiety may tend to equate the moderately self-enhancing goals of an independent self with mental health, whereas responses reflecting culturally prescribed goals of an inter- dependent self may be seen as indicating emotional distress. The cultural appropriateness of standardized measures of emotional distress when applied to Asians was raised as a concern. Studies of self-reported emotional distress in Asian Americans have established a pattern of elevated depression and anxiety among Asians relative to European Americans (Uba, 1994), especially those who are Asian-born and recently immigrated (Okazaki, 1997). To examine an important cultural correlate of ethnic differences in emotional distress, Okazaki (1997) drew on Markus and Kitayama's (1991b) model of independent and interde- pendent self-construal. It was Okazaki's contention that Asian cultural influences may socialize Asian American individuals to hold highly interdependent self-construals, and fur- ther, that individuals who are highly interdependent are likely to be acutely attuned to social cues and may be more prone to the experiences of social anxiety than are individuals low in interdependent self-construal. Thus, Okazaki hypothesized that independent and interde- pendent self-construals may predict social anxiety more strongly than depression. Okazaki (1997) found support for her hypothesis that after controlling for the covariance between depression and social anxiety, ethnicity and self-construal variables would be asso- ciated with measures of social anxiety (Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE), Leary, 1983; Social Avoidance and Distress (SAD), Leary, 1991) but not depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979). Ethnicity and self-construal were found to be predictors of social anxiety, whereas self-construal was the only factor that uniquely predicted FNE. Okazaki made a significant contribution to understanding the relationshipbetween eth - nicity and emotional distress measures by "unpacking ethnicity" through the extraction of self-construal variables as significant correlates of the distress measures. Nevertheless, in
Gender, quality of life, and growth in Asia 1070 to 1990

This paper examines the gender distribution of the benefits of economic growth in several Asian economies from 1970-90. Using Borda rank ordering, we compare the progress made in these countries towards closing the gender gap in well-being. In addition to commonly-used indicators, trends in the ratio of females to males in the population are examined. We explore determinants of changes in this ratio, using regression analysis. The results indicate that gender equity in quality-of-life ratings is highest in those Asian economies that grew the slowest over the period in question. Further, the data indicate that economic growth does not have a significant effect on the female to male population ratios for this set of countries. Variables that affect women’s bargaining power do, however, have a positive effect on relative female life chances, as does spending on public education.
Effects of nicotine dose, instructional set, and outcome expectancies on the subjective effects of smoking in the presence of a stressor

The balanced placebo design (BPD) was used to evaluate the independent effects of nicotine dose and smoking-related expectancies on self-reported anxiety, urge to smoke, and withdrawal symptoms. After anxious mood was induced, participants smoked either a de-nicotinized cigarette or one with standard nicotine content. Nicotine dose was crossed with instructions that the cigarette was either de-nicotinized or standard. Nicotine cigarettes produced greater anxiety reduction than de-nicotinized cigarettes. Nicotine instructions attenuated anxiety only among those who held relevant expectancies. Nicotine dose and instructional set interacted such that either nicotine cigarettes or instructions that the cigarettes contained nicotine were sufficient to reduce urge to smoke. Implications of these findings and methodological issues regarding use of the BPD with cigarettes are discussed.
Monitoring COVID-19 related public Interest and population Health Literacy in South Asia: An Internet Search-Interest Based Model

Background Information epidemiology based on internet search data can be used to model COVID-19 pandemic progressions and monitor population health literacy. However, the applicability of internet searches to monitor COVID-19 infections and public health awareness in South Asian countries are unclear. Objectives To assess the association of public interest and health literacy in COVID-19 with the actual number of infected cases for countries in South Asia. Methods Google Trends data from January to March 2020 were used to correlate public interest and health literacy with official data on COVID-19 cases using the relative search volume (RSV) index. Public interest in COVID-19 was retrieved in RSV indices with the search term Coronavirus (Virus). Similarly, an OR combination of search terms hand wash, face mask, hand sanitizer, face shield, and gloves were used to retrieve RSV indices as a surrogate of population health literacy in COVID-19. Daily confirmed COVID-19 cases were obtained from the COVID-19 data repository managed by the Johns Hopkins University. Country-level time-lag correlation analyses were performed for a time lag between 30 and +30 days. Results COVID-19-related worldwide public interest reached a peak on March 16, 2020, right after the WHO announcement of coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic. COVID-19 related public interest reached the highest peak in South Asian countries a few days after each county reported 100th confirmed cases. There were significant positive correlations between COVID-19 related public interest and daily laboratory-confirmed cases in countries expect Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. The highest public interest in South Asian Countries was on average 12 days before the local maximum of new confirmed cases. Similarly, web searches related to personal hygiene and COVID-19 preventive measures in south Asia correlated to the number of confirmed cases as well as national restriction measures. Conclusion Public interest indicated by RSV indices can help to monitor the progression of an outbreak such as the current COVID-19 pandemic particularly in countries with a lack of diagnostic and surveillance capacity, and thereby distribute appropriate health information to the general public.
Colonization behaviour of Collembola under different conditions of dispersal

In soil dumps of the opencast mine site Berzdorf near Gorlitz (Eastern Germany), different kinds of colonization behaviour of Collembola have been observed. In immigration test plots, exposed on a nearly vegetation freedump site between May 1997 and September 1998, 17 species of Collembola were proved to have been transported by air. The first immigrant was Bourletiella pistillum. After 4 months, stable populations were established by Mesaphorura florae and Parisotoma notabilis. The open area around the test plots was inhabited by 20 species of epedaphic Collembola. From these, only 6 species were found in the immigration test plots. The fauna was caught in drift-protected and normal pitfall traps. Nearly 80% of the individuals profited from wind drifting. Of these, Bourletiella pistillum and Isotoma viridis were dominant. Lepidocyrtus cyaneus, L. paradoxus, Orchesella cincta and O. villosa were mainly caught in protected pitfall traps. Thus, their main means of dispersal might he through active locomotion. Subterranean immigration to litter-filled minicontainers was tested in two 45-year-old afforested dump sites by successively checking the minicontainers in 6-week intervals from October 1997 to January 1999. Altogether, 26 species of Collembola invaded the minicontainers. Some species found in the humus layer only in recedent frequencies reached considerably higher dominances in the minicontainers 30 weeks after their installation : Folsomia candida even colonized minicontainers closed by gauze of 20-μm mesh size at high densities. Mesaphorura tenuisensillata, Protaphorura meridiata, and Proisotoma minuta occurred preferentially in minicontainers with larger meshsizes. Biological and methodical conclusions from the observations are discussed.
Atriyal septal defekte nasıl yaklaşalım

Teknolojideki ilerlemeler ile beraber perkutan atriyal septal defekt kapama yontemi cerrahiye alternatif guvenilir bir yontem haline gelmistir. Gunumuzde, anatomik olarak uygun olan ASD hastalarinda ilk tedavi yontemi olarak tercih edilmektedir. Bu yazida ASD kapatilmasi ile ilgili guncel yaklasimlari ve verileri sunmak istedik.
Aufbau eines Resistenzmonitoringprogrammes in der steirischen Fleischproduktion

Antibiotic resistant bacterial strains in animals intended for food production are not only of interest in veterinary medicine, but are also brought into connection with therapy failures in human medicine. It was for this reason therefore, that a resistance monitoring programme for meat production was launched by the Department of Veterinary Administration in 2000. The resistance behaviour of indicator bacteria (Enterococcus, E. coli) and zoonotic pathogens (Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter jejuni/ coli) in Styrian slaughter pigs was investigated within the framework of a pilot project. The resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, enrofloxacin, penicillin G and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole was tested and the MIC value determined using the Etest® of AB BIODISK, Dalvagen 10, S-171 36 Solna, Sweden. 85 % of C. coli strains were resistant to streptomycin, followed by tetracycline (49 %) and enrofloxacin (33 %). A high resistance to tetracycline (60 %) and streptomycin (53 %) was also obtained for E. coli, whereas the sensitivity to the quinolones enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin (2 %) is still very high. Tetracycline resistance was also found in 58 % of Enterococcus isolates.
Dramatic declines in coastal and oceanic fish communities off California

The California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) ichthyoplankton surveys and systematic sampling of southern California power plant cooling-water intakes (PPI) provide independent, complementary time series to assess fish communities off southern California from nearshore to oceanic environments. The PPI program has sampled the shallow nearshore fish community at 5 sites along the coast of southern California since 1972, while CalCOFI has sampled fish larvae along 6 transects at standard stations ranging from 35 m depth to more than 500 km offshore since 1951. Recently published analyses of these data sets led us to examine potential relationships between them. Although there was limited overlap in the taxa sampled by the 2 programs, key multivariate patterns were highly correlated between them. Both time series exhibited dramatic declines from the 1970s to the 2000s: 78% for fishes entrapped by the power plants and 72% for the overall abundance of larval fishes in the CalCOFI time series. These trends, which predominantly affected taxa with cool-water affinities, were shared by fishes across nearshore and oceanic habitats, and included several trophic guilds and many unfished or only lightly fished taxa. These declines were significantly correlated with declining zooplankton displacement volumes across the California Current System (CCS), which suggests the influence of large-scale climatic and oceanographic drivers. Over the past 4 decades, changing environmental conditions appear to have produced more losers than winners in the CCS.
Taxonomy of Collembola at the beginning of the new millennium

A historical review of the development of Collembola taxonomy showed that progress was slow up to the Second World War, General shape of the body, relative lengths of the head, thorax and abdominal segments, antennae, furca and its reduction, number of ommatidia, and pigmentation were standard components of the descriptions in the period up to the end of the 19 t h century. New characters for species differentiation were increasingly used during the last decade before the Second World War. Bonet, Denis, Stach and Gisin were leading taxonomists in this second period. Stach completed his work with an extensive nine-volume monograph covering almost all groups of Collembola. Gisin introduced into the taxonomy many new characters and substantially changed the view among species of Hypogastruridae, Onychiuridae, Lepidocyrtini, Seirini and some Symphypleona, Gisin also formulated a general Synthetic Theory of Taxonomy based on his experience with collembolan classification. His Collembolenfauna Europas had an immense impact on further development of collembolan taxonomy. Many taxonomists then used complete chaetotaxy, sensilla apparatus, mouth-part structures, first larvae morphology, and other characters not only for collembolan species differentiation, but also for their higher classification and phyletic studies. Discovery of the ecomorphosis phenomenon was an important milestone in studies of ecology and taxonomy of Collembola. The main goals of collembolan taxonomy in the new millennium are enumerated.
Interest parity, purchasing power parity, "risk premia," and Post Keynesian economic analysis

This paper explores the implications for open economy macroeconomic analysis of the "cambist" approach to the forward exchanges, put forward by Lavoie (2000) and others. It argues that logically the counterpart to the rejection of any domestic natural rate of interest must also be the rejection of the idea that the real exchange rate is primarily determined by nonmonetary factors such as the supposedly immutable barter terms of trade. The real exchange rate is an endogenous monetary variable and is therefore subject in principle to manipulation by public policy. Much depends on the nature and determinants of the currency risk premium, in an environment in which separate monetary systems in different economies continue to exist, and which is characterized by imperfect asset substitutability, whether or not there is also perfect capital mobility.
Community structure and environmental stress : desiccation promotes nestedness in mycophagous fly communities

In a previous field experiment, communities of mycophagous flies that emerged from Agaricus bisporus mushrooms exhibited a nested-subset pattern related to mushroom size. A phorid species and Leucophenga varia (Drosophilidae) emerged from small, medium, and large mushrooms, but other drosophilid species were usually limited to large mushrooms. Here, we conducted two experiments and one field survey to determine whether this nestedness pattern is caused by nested desiccation tolerances among species, coupled with the mediating effects of mushroom size. In the first experiment, 20 first instar larvae of either Drosophila tripunctata or D. putrida were added to A. bisporus mushrooms that weighed 5 g, 10 g, or 20 g. Mushrooms were placed in environmental chambers at different temperatures for 5 d (maxima of 25°C, 30°C, or 35°C). Both mushroom size and temperature had significant direct effects on the proportion of larvae completing development; larvae in small mushrooms are more susceptible to desiccation stress than larvae in large mushrooms. In a second experiment, we examined the effect of desiccation stress on community structure. Woodland mushrooms collected in the field were cut in half; the halves were placed at different incubation temperatures (maxima of either 25°C or 35°C) for 5 d, and emerging flies were counted and sorted by species. The halves incubated at 35°C produced significantly nested communities, the halves incubated at 25°C did not. Correlations between fly abundance and mushroom mass were also more significant at higher temperatures. These results were consistent with the hypothesis that desiccation stress, differentially mediated by mushroom size, drives nested subset structure in these communities. In a four-week field survey, however, nestedness was not related to mean temperature or rainfall. We contend that small habitats are less resistant to changes in environmental conditions than larger habitats, so the intensity of environmental stress will correlate with habitat size. So, some initially variable and non-nested communities might decay to a nested-subset pattern of species composition as a result of differential habitat buffering under stressful environmental conditions.
Active Language Learning Inspired from Early Childhood Information Seeking Strategies Workshop on Cognitive Architectures for Human-Robot Interaction

In this paper we introduce an active learning extension to our incremental grounded language learning system implemented on the Pepper robot. This approach is inspired by recent results from child language acquisition research, which shows that children deliberately use gestures like pointing to acquire new information about the world around them. In our system, the Pepper robot learns word-object and word-action mappings by observing a human tutor manipulating objects on a table and verbally describing the actions. Under certain conditions, the robot will interrupt the tutor and actively request information by pointing at an object. We describe our first approach of facilitating active information seeking strategies to enhance our system. We motivate when and how to apply them by reviewing research on question-asking during infancy and toddlerhood.
FEM41-08, CORPORATE PERFORMANCE IN TRANSITION: THE ROLE OF BUSINESS CONSTRAINS AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION CORPORATE PERFORMANCE IN TRANSITION: THE ROLE OF BUSINESS CONSTRAINS AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION (FEMISE grant No FEM41-08)

Ce rapport a été réalisé avec le soutien financier de l’Union Européenne dans le contexte du projet UE-FEMISE sur: "Support to economic research, studies and dialogue of the EuroMediterranean Partnership”. Le contenu du rapport relève de la seule responsabilité des auteurs et ne peut en aucun cas être considéré comme reflétant l’opinion de l’Union Européenne. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union within the context of the EU-FEMISE project “Support to economic research, studies and dialogue of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership”. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the authors and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. FEM41-08
PHENETIC, CLADISTIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE GENUS CARAGANA IN QINLING MOUNTAIN AND THE LOESS PLATEAU

More than 20 species of the genus Caragana distributed mainly from Qinling mountain and northward and their 59 morphological characters were analyzed. Both phenogram and cladogram revealed that the taxa with pinnate or palmate leaves were grouped into clusters of their own. The cladogram showed that C. arborescens and its related taxa, C. stipitata ect. were primitive. Along the distributed region of C. arborescens, the genus radiated adaptively westward and southwestward into ecological series resulted from factors of temperature and precipitation, that is, Ⅰ. forest species→ forest-steppe species→steppe species→desert species; forest species→alpine montane species, Ⅱ. humid zone→semihumid zone→semidrought zone→drought zone.
Role of Dexmedetomidine as Preemptive Analgesic on Postoperative Pain Following Open Abdominal Hysterectomy under General Anaesthesia: A Placebo Controlled Study

Original Research Article Background: Abdominal hysterectomy is a common and major surgery associated with moderate to severe pain. Various short and long term complications may occur if the pain is treated inadequately. Different drugs and interventions are currently being practiced for adequate pain management. Among them, preemptive analgesia was adopted with the aim to reduce the dose of opioid by preventing central sensitization. Thereby, avoiding dose related side effects despite providing adequate analgesia. The dexmedetomidine, a highly potent 2 agonist with several perioperative beneficial properties, was investigated for its status as preemptive analgesic. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the role of preemptive dexmedetomidine on postoperative analgesia following open abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia. Methods: Forty ASA I and II, aged more than 18 years patients, undergoing open abdominal hysterectomy were allocated into 2 equal groups (n=20 in each group) by a computergenerated randomization table. Group A and B received equal volumetric (0.25ml/kg) dexmedetomidine and normal saline respectively, 20 minutes prior to induction of general anaesthesia. VAS and PCA morphine consumption, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and capillary oxygen saturation was recorded at defined postoperative time points and adverse effects were noted. Results: The total amount of postoperative morphine requirement after 24 hours was 30.98±1.15 mg in group A and 32.15±2.16 mg in Group B (p value=0.039) which is significantly higher in group B. The group A had significantly lower VAS score in both the resting (P= 0.001, 0.001, 0.019, 0.010and 0.042) and movement state (P = 0.001, 0.006, 0.007, 0.029 and 0.035) for time points of 1 st , 2 nd , 6 th , 12 th and 24 th hours postoperatively, compared to the group A. Furthermore, we observed, there was significant obtundation of HR and MAP, evoked by intubation and extubation in group A. Similar response was seen just after extubation. HR was significantly (P<0.05) lower in group A at all postoperative follow up. Additionally, group A had lower MAP compared to group B. The opioid related adverse events were slightly lower in dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion: Preemptive use of intravenous dexmedetomidine reduced postoperative pain intensity, opioid requirement and rendered better haemodynamic stability.
Cloning and functional analysis of a vascular tissue-specific promoter from Populus tomentosa.

Promoter plays a key role not only in regulating the level of gene expression but also in controlling the expression in a spatial and temporal manner.According to the expression profile generated using Arabidopsis ATH1 genechip to analyze genes involved in the regeneration of the secondary vascular system in Populus tomentosa Carr,a differentially expressed gene NST3 was chosen and its homologous gene NAC068 in poplar were found using BLAST software against poplar EST database(PopulusDB). Then the 5′-upstream sequence of this gene was cloned from Populus tomentosa Carr.and put into the plant expression vector pBI121 to replace the 35S promoter to control the reporter gene gus.After transformation of polar 84K via Agrobactera,the GUS activity was detected in cambium zone,suggesting this promoter could control gene expression in secondary vascular system thus should be useful in genetic engineering to control exogenous gene specific expression in vascular system.