Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Program/erase dynamics and channel conduction in nanocrystal memories

We present new models for nanocrystal (NC) memories, addressing program/erase (P/E) transients and carrier conduction in the channel controlled by discrete nodes. The model allows for the calculation of the achievable threshold-voltage (V/sub T/) window and P/E times under uniform tunneling-injection conditions. Comparisons with experimental data are shown, demonstrating that our physically-based model correctly captures the VT dependence on critical cell and bias parameters. The model can be used to draw technological guidelines for window optimization in NC cells.
Multi-Generation Effects of Bt Rice on Anagrus nilaparvatae, a Parasitoid of the Nontarget Pest Nilapavarta lugens

ABSTRACT Little is known about the potential cumulative long-term effects of transgenic crops on nontarget organisms. In the present laboratory study, the potential cumulative effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice on parasitoids in successive generations were observed for an egg parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae parasitizing eggs of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) feeding on Bt rice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test confirmed that Cry1Ab insecticidal protein could be detected in newly eclosed parasitoid adults. However, no significant effect on the fecundity of Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) was observed between Bt and non-Bt rice. Developmental times of both genders of A. nilaparvatae parasitizing host eggs laid in Bt (KMD1 and KMD2) rice lines were significantly prolonged from first generation to second generation, but not always prolonged from third generation to 11th generation as compared with the control rice line. Furthermore, the sex ratio of A. nilaparvatae progeny from the first generation to 11th generation in three rice lines was not significantly different. In general, our results suggested that the effect of Bt rice on this parasitoid could be negligible.
Animal model of axonal Guillain‐Barré syndrome induced by sensitization with GM1 ganglioside

Some humans develop the axonal form of Guillain‐Barré syndrome after receiving bovine brain ganglioside. On sensitization with the ganglioside mixture, all of a group of rabbits injected developed high anti‐GM1 IgG antibody titers, flaccid limb weakness of acute onset, and a monophasic illness course. Pathological findings for the peripheral nerves showed predominant Wallerian‐like degeneration, with neither lymphocytic infiltration nor demyelination. IgG was deposited on the axons of the anterior roots, and GM1 was proved to be present on the axons of peripheral nerves. Sensitization with purified GM1 also induced axonal neuropathy, indicating that GM1 was the immunogen in the mixture. A model of human axonal Guillain‐Barré syndrome has been established that uses inoculation with a bovine brain ganglioside mixture or isolated GM1. This model may help to clarify the molecular pathogenesis of the syndrome and to develop new treatments for it.
Operation of a Long-Term Transient Monitoring System in a 138-KV and a 500-KV Substation

This paper describes the operating performance of automatic transient monitoring laboratories designed to capture fault and transient data on power systems. Laboratories were installed in a 138-kV and a 500-kV substation and operated for more than 25,000 hours over a three-year period. Recorded during this period were 341 events consisting of lightning, switching, and faul t transients. These results provide invaluable data on actual transients in power systems to aid power system equipment designers. A summary of the transient data obtained with the laboratories is contained in a companion paper. This work was sponsored by Electric Power Research Institute under Contract RP751-1.
DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY FOR PROGRESSION AND INVASION OF HUMAN COLON TUMORS

Summary. The aim of the study was to explore the usefulness of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity as a marker of colon tumor progression and to find a quantitative expression of ADA in mucosa of colon carcinoma, polyps, adjacent to tumors, or mucosa from anastomosis after surgical resection. The highest ADA activity was obtained from mucosa adjacent to carcinoma compared to healthy tissue. The ADA activity from polyp tissue increased slightly, compared to the activity of further healthy tissue, the enzyme activity from anastomosis was also higher than the activity of corresponding healthy tissue. The highest enzyme activity of mucosa adjacent to carcinoma suggest that ADA may be included in tumor growth and progression and may be of importance as an early marker of colon carcinoma invasion. Obtained data could be useful in assessing the margins for surgical resection of colorectal carcinoma and assessing prognosis and clinical outcome of the disease after surgical resection, together with known clinicopathologic parameters.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE DIFFERENT ENDODONTIC SEALERS ON THE ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS AND LACTOBACILLUS (IN VITRO)

Introduction: Growth and proliferation of the remaining microorganisms within the root canals may destroy the surrounding tissue of the root and leads to periapical lesion. Consequently, the complete elimination of microorganisms from the root canal is an important goal of endodontic therapy. Endodontic sealers do not provide complete seal in root canal system, and micro spaces have always remained between the material and canal walls that lead to penetration of these spaces, so, an antibacterial activity is essential for sealers. The aim of the present study was the in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the three endodontic sealers on two microorganisms. Methods: To study the effect of each sealer; AH26, MTA Fillapex and ADseal on Enterococcus Faecalis and Lactobacillus bacteria 10 samples were considered. In this experimental study, 60 plates were exposed to bacteria and 10 plates were considered for control group. Sealer antibacterial effect on bacterial growth was studied after 48 hours. Firstly, the freshly prepared sealers were poured inside the micro tube and diffused in the wall of the micro tube. Then solution of nutrient broth was poured into a micro tube and the determined volume of solution of bacterial suspension was added into a microtube and was kept 24 hours in the incubator to grow the bacteria. Then, it was poured in the plates of blood agar and cultured after 24 hours and then the colonies grown on the plates were counted in sufficient light. The data were analyzed with MANOVA statistical test and SPSS Version 18. Results: Most bacteria grew in the plates of ADseal sealer and MTA fillapex sealer with means of 5113.00CFU and 3077.00CFU respectively, while the lowest number of bacteria grew in the plates of AH26 sealer with a mean of 1345.15CFU. Conclusions: Most antibacterial activities of each enterococcus faecalis and lactobacillus bacteria sample was for AH26 sealer and MTA fillapex sealer. The lowest antibacterial activity was for ADseal sealer.
Atmospheric constraints on global emissions of methane from plants

We investigate whether a recently proposed large source of CH4 from vegetation can be reconciled with atmospheric measurements. Atmospheric transport model simulations with and without vegetation emissions are compared with background CH4, δ13C‐CH4 and satellite measurements. For present–day CH4 we derive an upper limit to the newly discovered source of 125 Tg CH4 yr−1. Analysis of preindustrial CH4, however, points to 85 Tg CH4 yr−1 as a more plausible limit. Model calculations with and without vegetation emissions show strikingly similar results at background surface monitoring sites, indicating that these measurements are rather insensitive to CH4 from plants. Simulations with 125 Tg CH4 yr−1 vegetation emissions can explain up to 50% of the previously reported unexpectedly high CH4 column abundances over tropical forests observed by SCIAMACHY. Our results confirm the potential importance of vegetation emissions, and call for further research.
TEMPORAL SUMMATION IN VIBROTACTILE SENSITIVITY.

The Zwislocki theory of temporal summation was tested for vibrotactile sensitivity. Vibrotactile thresholds were determined as a function of pulse repetition rate and pulse number for short pulses. Thresholds for various burst durations of sinusoidal signals were also determined. The results indicate that the theory is sufficient to predict vibrotactile thresholds for the temporal patterns used. An earlier finding, which suggested that glabrous skin contains at least two populations of mechanoreceptors, was confirmed by using contactors of varying size.
Effect of sperm washing on levels of reactive oxygen species in semen.

The possibility was evaluated that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by human sperm is stimulated by the repeated cycles of centrifugation and resuspension involved in conventional sperm preparation. ROS generation by human sperm was monitored before and after the washing of sperm from 55 men (43 men with suspected subfertility and 12 normal volunteers). The ROS activity of all 55 specimens before washing was inversely correlated with original sperm motility (r = .278, p < .05). The mean level of ROS activity was significantly higher after washing than before processing (p < .05) for the 26 specimens with normal sperm motility, the 20 specimens with normal sperm morphology, and the 12 specimens with both normal motility and normal morphology. In contrast, the mean ROS level was not significantly changed after washing in the 27 specimens with poor sperm motility, the 16 specimens with abnormal sperm morphology, or the 13 specimens with both abnormal motility and abnormal morphology. It would appear that repeated centrifugation, resuspension, and vortexing cause excessive generation of ROS in the motile sperm population of the washed specimen. Washing procedures involving excessive manipulation of sperm may, in fact, cause the most harm to motile sperm, i.e., those that the method is trying to select. Procedures that minimize multiple centrifugation, resuspension, and vortexing steps should therefore be used for the preparation of semen specimens for assisted-reproduction techniques.
Influences of size of silica particles on the cellular endocytosis, exocytosis and cell activity of HepG2 cells

Internalization of nanoparticles into live cells closely correlates with their potential applications, functions and cytotoxicity. In this study, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) doped silica nanoparticles with four different diameters were prepared. Their average size and distribution was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The optical property and zeta potential in serum containing medium of the FITC-SiO2 nanoparticles were detected, revealing that they had good stability and negative surface charge of similar value. Flow cytometry found that the uptake behavior of the FITC-SiO2 nanoparticles was dependent on their size and concentration as well as culture time. The particles mainly distributed inside the cytoplasms and endosomes, and on the cell membranes. Transportation of the silica nanoparticles into the cells was energy dependent via a clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway, which was proved by an obvious decrease of the cellular uptake under a low temperature incubation, and NaN3, sucrose and amandatine-HCl treatments. The impact of silica nanoparticles on the HepG2 cells was assayed in terms of cytotoxicity and cell cycle as well, revealing that they had little influence on cytotoxicity even at a high particle concentration of 680 μg/ml, and no influence on the DNA synthesis at a particle dosage of 80 μg/ml for 24 h. Cellular exocytosis of the FITC-SiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed after removal of the free particles from the culture medium, which was governed by the particle size and pretreatment time too.
Use of a Gastric Juice-Based PCR Assay To DetectHelicobacter pylori Infection in Culture-Negative Patients

ABSTRACT A gastric juice-based PCR assay was compared with culture, microscopy, and a rapid urease test with specimens from 114 subjects. The PCR and conventional tests were positive for 76 and 62% of the subjects, respectively. The prevalence of gastroduodenal disease and seropositivity for anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G were similarly high among conventional-test-positive and PCR-only-positive subjects compared to all-negative ones. The PCR assay is recommended to confirm the H. pylori status of culture-negative peptic-ulcer patients.
[Generation of isolated words in normal subjects].

This study aims at analyzing the performance according to age, sex, and educational level in 112 French normal subjects on word generation tests, i.e., time-limited production of a noun or a verb semantically linked to a target "noun" or "verb". The nature of hits (exclusively production of nouns) has moreover been analyzed according to different features of the targets: noun vs verb, names of natural objects vs handmade objects, transitive vs intransitive verbs. Results show 1) a significant effect of age and educational level on performance, 2) a degree of difficulty, the verb/verb production test being significantly more difficult than the three other tests, 3) a convergency effect according to the natural vs handmade dichotomy, as subjects tend to produce, without specific instruction, an item belonging to the same category as that of the stimulus, and 4) object nouns tend to be produced in response to transitive verbs whereas subject nouns are not predominantly produced in response to intransitive verbs.
AGE-SPECIFIC PRESENTATION AND BURDEN OF PERTUSSIS

Pertussis presentation often differs according to age group. Pertussis in very young infants can be difficult to recognize because of atypical presentation and disease stages. Presentation in adolescents and adults often includes cough illness lasting 28 days or longer, paroxysmal nature of cough, cyanosis, apnea, and post-tussive vomiting, although vomiting is more common in adolescents than adults. Life-threatening complications of pertussis are most common in very young infants. These complications include apnea, bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension, and neurologic conditions such as encephalitis and seizure. Pneumonia, and in women over the age of 50 years, urinary incontinence, are the most common complications of pertussis in adults. Infants under the age of 2 months are at the highest risk for mortality; mortality in persons over the age of 6 months is rare. (Adv Stud Med. 2005;5(5A):S444-S449)
Emotional Labeling and Overeating in Obese and Normal Weight Individuals

&NA; It was hypothesized that obese individuals respond to unlabeled high arousal by overeating, while no such response was predicted for labeled high arousal states. Obese and normal weight subjects were led to believe that they were hearing their own heart beat, and that it was either fast or slow. A label for this heart rate either was or was not provided, and subjects' eating behavior was measured unobtrusively. The results supported these hypotheses: aroused obese subjects ate more when they could not identify the cause of their arousal than when a label was known. When obese subjects were calm, the presence or absence of a label did not affect their eating. Furthermore, obese subjects showed significant affect reduction following eating. Normal weight subjects were not affected by the presence or absence of an arousal label. Instead, they ate more when they called themselves calm than when anxious, and more when hungry than when full.
The T1D Exchange clinic registry.

CONTEXT The T1D Exchange includes a clinic-based registry, a patient-centric web site called Glu, and a biobank. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to describe the T1D Exchange clinic registry and provide an overview of participant characteristics. DESIGN Data obtained through participant completion of a questionnaire and chart extraction include diabetes history, management, and monitoring; general health; lifestyle; family history; socioeconomic factors; medications; acute and chronic diabetic complications; other medical conditions; and laboratory results. SETTING Data were collected from 67 endocrinology centers throughout the United States. PATIENTS We studied 25,833 adults and children with presumed autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESULTS Participants ranged in age from less than 1 to 93 yr, 50% were female, 82% were Caucasian, 50% used an insulin pump, 6% used continuous glucose monitoring, and 16% had a first-degree family member with T1D. Glycosylated hemoglobin at enrollment averaged 8.3% and was highest in 13 to 25 yr olds. The prevalence of renal disease was ≤4% until T1D was present for at least 10 yr, and retinopathy treatment was ≤2% until T1D was present for at least 20 yr. A severe hypoglycemic event (seizure or coma) in the prior 12 months was reported by 7% of participants and diabetic ketoacidosis in the prior 12 months by 8%. CONCLUSIONS The T1D Exchange clinic registry provides a database of important information on individuals with T1D in the United States. The rich dataset of the registry provides an opportunity to address numerous issues of relevance to clinicians and patients, including assessments of associations between patient characteristics and diabetes management factors with outcomes.
Evaluation of anticancer activity of Vitex negundo in experimental animals: an in vitro & in vivo study.

The antitumour activity of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Vitex negundo (EVN) has been evaluated against Dalton’s ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice at the dose of 250 & 500 mg/kg, body weight. The experimental parameters used were tumour volume, tumour cell count, viable tumour cell count, mean survival time and increase in life span to assess antitumour activity. The extract administered orally for 14 consecutive days to tumor bearing group of animals. The extract increase the life span of DAL treated mice and restore the hematological parameters as compared with the DAL bearing mice in dose dependant manner. The study revealed that the EVN showed significant antitumour activity in tested animal models. The EVN was found to be cytotoxic to mouse lung fibroblast (L-929) cells in long term chemosensitive cytotoxic assay.
Assessing the method of state space determination from the quadrotor flight simulation

This paper addresses the construction of the quadrotor State Space from its flight data. Using numerical simulation, the flight data generated to be processed then obtaining the elements of the State Space matrices. In conventional fashion, one constructs the state space from physical properties measurement such as weight, moments of inertia, vehicle dimension, etc. On the contrary, using the flight data to obtain the State Space omitted the requirement of those physical properties. The method was already described in the authors previous publication, and being assessed in this manuscript. To bring the simulation closer to the real quadrotor dynamics, the complete nonlinear attitude equation of motion applied in the vector form to be solved numerically. The simulated flight data then sampled to mimic the actual measurement process in UAV. The sampled flight data inputted to the coefficient matrix for algebraic inversion to obtain the elements of the UAV state space.
Environmental context—dependent memory.

The impact on recall of reinstatement or change of the environment existing at the time of learning is reviewed. While strong and stable effects have been observed for recall, effects on recognition rarely occur because the word itself is a powerful cue (the outshining hypothesis). A classification of context effects is presented and the conditions where such effects are likely to be maximized or minimized are specified.
A Knowledge Management Literature Review based on Wiig´s Prognosis of 1997

Knowledge is an important asset that can result in innovation and competitive advantage for companies. This paper provides a literature review based on perspectives proposed in a paper written by Karl M. Wiig almost two decades ago which forecasted development of Knowledge Management. The aim of this paper is to compare Wiigâ? s predictions with the current state of Knowledge Management literature to see how true his forecasts turned out to be. Moreover, the current literature is reviewed in order to find out which subtopics of Knowledge Management should be key topics for future research.
Comparative profiling of the sperm proteome

The highly complex and species‐selective mechanism of fertilization is a central theme of developmental biology. Gametogenesis, sperm activation, and egg–sperm recognition are fundamental biological processes, warranting detailed studies into the molecular composition of gametes. Biological MS has been instrumental for the comprehensive itemizing of gamete proteomes. The protein constellation of sperm cells and its subcellular structures has been established for a variety of animal species. Spermatogenesis and the crucial activation of sperm cells as a prerequisite of successful fertilization and physiological adaptations to external stressors was investigated using proteomics, as well as the underlying mechanisms of male infertility with respect to proteome‐wide alterations. This review outlines recent achievements of sperm proteomics and exemplifies the usefulness of gel‐based surveys by outlining the comparative analysis of abnormal spermatozoa in globozoospermia. Besides label‐free MS techniques and cell‐based labeling methodology, high‐resolution fluorescence 2DE has been shown to be highly suitable as a proteomic biomarker discovery tool in sperm protein research. The appropriateness of novel protein markers for improving our understanding of normal spermatogenesis and sperm activation versus the molecular pathogenesis of male infertility will be discussed. New biomarker candidates might be useful to improve diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic aspects of infertility.
2004 SPRING MEETING OF THE WPSA UK BRANCH PAPERS

In-vitro gas fermentation techniques used in ruminants for evaluating substrates using rumen fluid are well established. Similar systems have not been developed for poultry, as they do not rely on microbial fermentation of complex carbohydrates as a source of energy. However, with the move towards the complete exclusion of antibiotic feed additives in poultry diets, the negative effects of an increased microbial load in poultry cannot be overlooked and thus invitro systems to investigate the fermentative characteristics have considerable potential. Plant secondary metabolites have been sought as suitable substitutes to AGPs, in-view of their potentially potent antimicrobial properties (Lambert et al., 2001) although most of the studies to evaluate plant products in-vitro have used pure cultures. We report an in-vitro fermentation method for the evaluation of plant secondary metabolites on microorganisms from the contents of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Two 42-d-old broilers reared on a standard commercial diet were killed by an overdose of barbiturate and the contents of sections of the gut (pooled samples of duodenum and jejunum, ileum and caecum) were transferred into anaerobic basal broth at 1:10 dilution and kept on ice. The samples were centrifuged at low speed (200 g) for 5 minutes to separate the feed particles and the supernatant was subsequently transferred into sterile tubes. A total of 0.5 ml of this sample was inoculated into 5 ml of anaerobic basal broth, which had been supplemented with 1% of a non-starch polysaccharide extract from Lupinus albus and 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% Table. Summary of broiler total and sub-set models for (a) antibiotics (AB), (b) bacitracins (BAC), (c) tetracyclines (TET) and (d) virginiamycin (VM) for 6 independent variables*