Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Highway Multi-Camera Vehicle Re-ID with Tracking Context

While object detection and re-identification has become increasingly popular in computer version, The growing explosion in the use of surveillance cameras on highway highlights the importance of intelligent surveillance.multi-camera vehicle Tracking, aiming to seek out all images of vehicle of interest in different cameras, can provide abundant information such as vehicle movement for highway supervision department. This paper focus on a interesting but challenging problem, building a real-time highway vehicle tracking framework. We design a two-stage deep learning-based algorithm framework, including vehicle detection and vehicle re-identification. Vehicle re-identification is the most significant part in this tracking framework, however, the most existing methods for vehicle Re-ID focus on the appearance or texture of single vehicle image and achieve limited performance. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based network named VTC (Vehicle Tracking Context) to extract features from vehicle tracking context. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, furthermore, intelligent surveillance system based on proposed tracking framework has been successfully use in Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway.
Effect of Bulky Lesions on DNA

The three-dimensional solution structure of two DNA decamers of sequence d(CCACXGGAAC)-(GTTCCGGTGG) with a modified nucleotide containing a cholesterol derivative (X) in its C1 ′(chol)α or C1 ′(chol)β diastereoisomer form has been determined by using NMR and restrained molecular dynamics. This DNA derivative is recognized with high efficiency by the UvrB protein, which is part of the bacterial nucleotide excision repair, and the α anomer is repaired more efficiently than the β one. The structures of the two decamers have been determined from accurate distance constraints obtained from a complete relaxation matrix analysis of the NOE intensities and torsion angle constraints derived from J-coupling constants. The structures have been refined with molecular dynamics methods, including explicit solvent and applying the particle mesh Ewald method to properly evaluate the long range electrostatic interactions. These calculations converge to well defined structures whose conformation is intermediate between the A- and B-DNA families as judged by the root mean square deviation but with sugar puckerings and groove shapes corresponding to a distorted B-conformation. Both duplex adducts exhibit intercalation of the cholesterol group from the major groove of the helix and displacement of the guanine base opposite the modified nucleotide. Based on these structures and molecular dynamics calculations, we propose a tentative model for the recognition of damaged DNA substrates by the UvrB protein.
Generation of regulatory gut-homing human T lymphocytes using ex vivo interleukin 10 gene transfer.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Systemic treatment of Crohn's disease patients using recombinant interleukin (rIL)-10 has not resulted in significant therapeutic benefit presumably because of limited bioavailability and unexpected proinflammatory effects of high-dose rIL-10. Ex vivo gene transfer of the interleukin (IL)-10 gene to gut-homing CD4(+) cells may lead to improved long-term management. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were transduced with a retroviral vector containing the IL-10 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene or a control vector containing GFP only. Transduced CD4(+) cells were sorted and maintained in culture for phenotypic and functional analysis. RESULTS Stimulated IL-10-GFP CD4(+) cells produced significantly higher levels of IL-10 than control cells for at least 4 months. The IL-10 transgene was biologically active and decreased proliferation of IL-10-GFP CD4(+) cells as well as expression of major histocompatibility class (MHC) class II, proliferation of autologous responder cells, and IL-12 production by dendritic cells (DCs). The majority of transduced CD4(+) cells had a gut-homing potential because they expressed the mucosal integrin alpha4beta7, and displayed efficient binding to MAdCAM-1-expressing cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Transduction of peripheral blood CD4(+) lymphocytes with IL-10 results in a regulatory phenotype. The use of regulatory gut-homing human CD4(+) cells may provide a novel approach to local delivery of immunomodulatory signals to the intestine in Crohn's disease.
Novel Approaches to New Therapies for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Hepatitis B is one of the most prevalent viral diseases in the world. It leads to chronic liver disease in 10% of infected individuals, putting them at an increased risk for liver-related morbidity and mortality from complications of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the success of universal hepatitis B vaccination in many countries, this disease remains a major public health problem, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths per year. Although the current therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is effective, it is not optimal; novel approaches to the management of CHB are needed. An improved understanding of virus-host interactions, advances in gene therapy, the development of molecular therapies targeted at different stages of the hepatitis B virus life cycle, and new insights into various approaches of immune modulation will lead to the development of better therapeutic agents for the management of CHB. These advances herald a new era of combination therapy. In this review, we will discuss emerging therapies and potential mechanisms, and highlight the promises and pitfalls of these new treatment strategies.
A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous loading with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) followed by oral SAM therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effectiveness and rapidity of onset of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), administered as daily intravenous boluses of 400 mg for 5 days, followed by oral tablets, 200 mg thrice daily for 23 days, versus a matching placebo regimen, in the treatment of 81 patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS The study was bicentric, randomized, double blinded, and placebo controlled. Patients underwent a 7-day washout of arthritis medications prior to initiation of this study treatment. Major outcome measures were the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire disability and pain scales, and supplemental visual analog scales for rest and walking pain. RESULTS At one site, patients had milder OA, the baseline characteristics of the treatment groups were well matched, and the SAM treated group showed significantly greater reduction in overall pain and rest pain (p < 0.05) than the placebo treated group. At the other site, the patients had more severe OA, randomization yielded markedly different treatment groups, and the response to treatment did not differ between groups. Onset of SAM effect was seen as early as 14 days after the start of treatment. CONCLUSION SAM may be an effective treatment for some patients with symptomatic knee OA, and merits further study. Intravenous loading before oral maintenance therapy may be advantageous.
Short-term and long-term benefits of endoscopic hemoclip application for Dieulafoy's lesion in the upper GI tract.

BACKGROUND Dieulafoy's lesion is an important cause of GI bleeding. The results of hemoclip application as the first treatment of choice for Dieulafoy's lesions have not been reported. This study prospectively examined the short- and long-term outcomes of hemoclip application for Dieulafoy's lesions. METHODS The study was conducted over a 7-year period beginning in January 1995 during which hemoclip application was used as the first-choice hemostatic treatment for Dieulafoy's lesions. Clinical data, endoscopic findings, and outcome of treatment were evaluated. Long-term outcome for patients was also investigated. RESULTS A Dieulafoy's lesion was diagnosed in 34 patients (27 men, 7 women; mean age, 54 years, range 21-81 years) after a mean of 1.2 endoscopies; 79.4% of the patients had active bleeding. Initial hemostasis was attained by hemoclip placement in 94.1%. The rate of recurrent bleeding was 9.3%. No patient required additional treatment such as surgery. The 30-day mortality rate was 2.9% (1 death, unrelated). For the remaining 33 patients, median follow-up was 53.8 months (range 19 to 90 months). Another Dieulafoy's lesion developed in one patient during follow-up, but in a different location compared with the index lesion. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic hemoclip application for Dieulafoy's lesions was effective and safe with short- and long-term benefits.
Outcomes of Lisfranc Injuries in an Active Duty Military Population

Background: Traumatic injuries to the tarsometatarsal or Lisfranc joints can be complex problems associated with long-term morbidity. Currently there is no clear consensus regarding optimal fixation methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between time from injury to treatment and treatment method with outcome. It is hypothesized that patients who underwent open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) more acutely would have higher return to duty rates. Methods: This study is a retrospective review of 171 low-energy closed tarsometatarsal dislocations and fracture dislocations in patients identified using a Department of Defense trauma registry. Outcomes were defined as return to active duty and separation from service. Patients were categorized into cohorts by surgical treatment: ORIF, primary arthrodesis (PA), or having required a salvage arthrodesis (SA). Results: The data demonstrate no significant difference between ORIF and PA as well as significantly lower return to duty rates in those who underwent SA. There was no association between increased time from injury to treatment and the observed outcomes. Conclusion: This study not only reinforces the importance of initial anatomic reduction and the poor outcomes of posttraumatic osteoarthritis but also suggests that SA portends poor outcomes in a highly active population. Most notably it found no significant difference in return to duty rates between ORIF and PA despite the inclusion of more “missed” and chronic injuries in the PA group. This suggests that PA may be a viable option in a young and active population regardless of treatment timing. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Visual Decoding of Targets During Visual Search From Human Eye Fixations

What does human gaze reveal about a users' intents and to which extend can these intents be inferred or even visualized? Gaze was proposed as an implicit source of information to predict the target of visual search and, more recently, to predict the object class and attributes of the search target. In this work, we go one step further and investigate the feasibility of combining recent advances in encoding human gaze information using deep convolutional neural networks with the power of generative image models to visually decode, i.e. create a visual representation of, the search target. Such visual decoding is challenging for two reasons: 1) the search target only resides in the user's mind as a subjective visual pattern, and can most often not even be described verbally by the person, and 2) it is, as of yet, unclear if gaze fixations contain sufficient information for this task at all. We show, for the first time, that visual representations of search targets can indeed be decoded only from human gaze fixations. We propose to first encode fixations into a semantic representation and then decode this representation into an image. We evaluate our method on a recent gaze dataset of 14 participants searching for clothing in image collages and validate the model's predictions using two human studies. Our results show that 62% (Chance level = 10%) of the time users were able to select the categories of the decoded image right. In our second studies we show the importance of a local gaze encoding for decoding visual search targets of user
The protein kinase C inhibitor 1‐(5‐isoquinolinesulphonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine (H‐7) disinhibits CA1 pyramidal cells in rat hippocampal slices

1 The effects of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor 1‐(5‐isoquinolinesulphonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine (H‐7) on evoked synaptic potentials were investigated in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices by use of extracellular and intracellular recording techniques. 2 Extracellular recordings showed that superfusion with H‐7 (10–100 μm) increased the amplitude of the population spike and the initial slope of the dendritic field e.p.s.p. H‐7 also produced the appearance of multiple population spikes in the somatic region and in the dendritic field e.p.s.p. 3 H‐7 (30 μm) induced the disappearance of intracellularly recorded inhibitory potentials elicited by orthodromic stimulation of CA1 pyramidal cells. At this concentration H‐7 had no effect on resting membrane potential, input membrane resistance, and spike threshold. In voltage‐clamped neurones H‐7 blocked the antidromically evoked inhibitory currents and the spontaneous miniature inhibitory currents. 4 The hyperpolarizing effect of bath applied γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA, 500 μm) or isoguvacine (30 μm) was not affected by 30 μm H‐7. 5 Neither the PKC activity regulator sphingosine (10–40 μm) nor the H‐7 analogue N‐(2‐guanidinoethyl)‐5‐isoquinolinesulphonamide (HA‐1004, 20–50 μm) which is devoid of activity on PKC at these concentrations, affected the extracellularly recorded dendritic field e.p.s.p. or population spike. 6 It is concluded that the disinhibitory effect produced by H‐7 is due to the block of a H‐7‐sensitive PKC which is involved in the spontaneous and evoked release of GABA.
Fasting inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation and potentiates anti‐cancer activity of Sorafenib in hepatocellular cancer cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor outcome. Most HCCs develop in the context of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by chronic inflammation. Short‐term fasting approaches enhance the activity of chemotherapy in preclinical cancer models, other than HCC. Multi‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib is the mainstay of treatment in HCC. However, its benefit is frequently short‐lived. Whether fasting can alleviate liver fibrosis and whether combining fasting with Sorafenib is beneficial remains unknown. A 24 hr fasting (2% serum, 0.1% glucose)‐induced changes on human hepatic stellate cells (HSC) LX‐2 proliferation/viability/cell cycle were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry. Expression of lypolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced activation markers (vimentin, αSMA) was evaluated by qPCR and immunoblotting. Liver fibrosis and inflammation were evaluated in a mouse model of steatohepatitis exposed to cycles of fasting, by histological and biochemical analyses. A 24 hr fasting‐induced changes were also analyzed on the proliferation/viability/glucose uptake of human HCC cells exposed to Sorafenib. An expression panel of genes involved in survival, inflammation, and metabolism was examined by qPCR in HCC cells exposed to fasting and/or Sorafenib. Fasting decreased the proliferation and the activation of HSC. Repeated cycles of short term starvation were safe in mice but did not improve fibrosis. Fasting synergized with Sorafenib in hampering HCC cell growth and glucose uptake. Finally, fasting normalized the expression levels of genes which are commonly altered by Sorafenib in HCC cells. Fasting or fasting‐mimicking diet diets should be evaluated in preclinical studies as a mean to potentiate the activity of Sorafenib in clinical use.
Semen alterations and flow-citometry evaluation in patients with male accessory gland infections

Male accessory gland infections (MAGI) represent a major cause of male infertility mainly through the secretory dysfunction of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and epididymis. This study was undertaken to evaluate conventional and non-conventional sperm parameters in these patients, therefore 150 patients with MAGI were selected. Each of them underwent to two sperm analyses and evaluation of DNA fragmentation mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, chromatin compactness, by flow cytometry. Results showed that patients with MAGI had a lower sperm progressive motility (11.4 ±5.0 vs 34.0 ±7.0%), and percentage of normal forms (9.0 ±3.7 vs 33.0 ±13.0%) compared to controls, instead, these patients showed higher number of seminal white blood cells (2.2 ±1.0 vs 0.4 ±0.6 106/ml). Patients with MAGI showed a higher number of spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation compared to controls (8.2 ±3.0 vs 1.0 ±1.0%). In addition, they have also a higher percentage of spermatozoa with low MMP (28.0 ±4.0 vs 2.0 ±2.0%). Patients with MAGI, showed a higher percentage of spermatozoa with PS externalization (8.0 ±4.0 vs 3.0 ±3.0%), an early sign of apoptosis, and lower percentage of viable spermatozoa (64.5 ±12.0 vs 88.0 ±10.0%). An increased percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal chromatin compactness (18.0 ±4.0 vs 5.0 ±3.0%) was found in patients with MAGI. In conclusion, patients with MAGI show alterations of conventional and biofunctional sperm parameters compared to controls. These results suggest to consider the flow cytometry evaluation among the diagnostic tools for male infertility.
Management of ascites in cirrhosis

Ascites is a common complication of liver cirrhosis associated with a poor prognosis. The treatment of ascites requires dietary sodium restriction and the judicious use of distal and loop diuretics, sequential at an earlier stage of ascites, and a combination at a later stage of ascites. The diagnosis of refractory ascites requires the demonstration of diuretic non‐responsiveness, despite dietary sodium restriction, or the presence of diuretic‐related complications. Patients with refractory ascites require second‐line treatments of repeat large‐volume paracentesis (LVP) or the insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), and assessment for liver transplantation. Careful patient selection is paramount for TIPS to be successful as a treatment for ascites. Patients not suitable for TIPS insertion should receive LVP. The use of albumin as a volume expander is recommended for LVP of >5–6 L to prevent the development of circulatory dysfunction, although the clinical significance of post‐paracentesis circulatory dysfunction is still debated. Significant mortality is still being observed in cirrhotic patients with ascites and relatively preserved liver and renal function, as indicated by a lower Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. It is proposed that patients with lower MELD scores and ascites should receive additional points in calculating their priority for liver transplantation. Potential new treatment options for ascites include the use of various vasoconstrictors, vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists, or the insertion of a peritoneo‐vesical shunt, all of which could possibly improve the management of ascites.
The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

PURPOSE The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were evaluated by studying the rate of spontaneous eye blinks, the acoustic startle eye blink response (ASER), and motor impersistence among 8- to 12-yr-old children (10 boys and 8 girls) meeting DSM-III-R criteria for ADHD. METHODS Children ceased methylphenidate medication 24 h before and during each of three daily conditions separated by 24-48 h. After a maximal treadmill walking test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (VO(2peak)), each child was randomly assigned to counterbalanced conditions of treadmill walking at an intensity of 65-75% VO(2peak) or quiet rest. Responses were compared with a group of control participants (11 boys and 14 girls) equated with the ADHD group on several key variables. RESULTS Boys with ADHD had increased spontaneous blink rate, decreased ASER latency, and decreased motor impersistence after maximal exercise. Girls with ADHD had increased ASER amplitude and decreased ASER latency after submaximal exercise. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest an interaction between sex and exercise intensity that is not explained by physical fitness, activity history, or selected personality attributes. The clinical meaning of the eye blink results is not clear, as improvements in motor impersistence occurred only for boys after maximal exercise. Nonetheless, these preliminary findings are sufficiently positive to encourage additional study to determine whether a session of vigorous exercise has efficacy as a dopaminergic adjuvant in the management of behavioral features of ADHD.
Preoperative leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytosis are associated with poor survival in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported any prognostic impact of preoperative leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The significance of the combined use of these 3 abnormal blood cell counts was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred and eighty-nine consecutive NSCLC patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS The patients with leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytosis had significantly worse prognosis. The 5-year survival of the patients with all three of these abnormal blood cell counts was 25.0%, which was significantly poorer compared with that of the patients without any of these abnormal cell counts (78.23%). The 5-year survival of the patients with 1 or 2 out of the three abnormal blood cell counts was an intermediate value. Both univariate and multivariate analyses indicated the independent prognostic impact of the use of these three abnormal blood cell counts combined. CONCLUSION The use of leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytosis combined might be useful for predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Leukocyte migration across human peritoneal mesothelial cells is dependent on directed chemokine secretion and ICAM-1 expression.

BACKGROUND Leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity is a diagnostic feature of peritonitis in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). While neutrophil (PMN) influx is characteristic of the acute phase of peritoneal infection, significant mononuclear cell (MNC) infiltration, occurs throughout the whole period of infection. Recent data suggests that human peritoneal mesothelial cell (HPMC) adhesion molecule expression and the synthesis of chemotactic cytokines may be important in the process. METHODS In the present study we have examined, the regulation and directed secretion of chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1 and RANTES) and the basolateral to apical migration of unstimulated leukocytes across mesothelial cell monolayers using an in vitro model where HPMC were grown on the porous membrane of tissue culture inserts. Separate experiments have defined the importance of chemokine synthesis and ICAM-1 expression in the transmigration process. RESULTS Apical stimulation of HPMC with IL-1 beta or TNF alpha resulted in a time and dose dependent up-regulation of IL-8, MCP-1 and RANTES mRNA expression and synthesis. This secretion was predominately into the apical compartment (> 85%) with all chemokines. Apical pre-stimulation of HPMC resulted in a dose- and time-dependent migration of both PMN and MNC across HPMC. Neutrophil migration was significantly reduced in the presence of appropriate concentrations of polyclonal IL-8 antibody (IL-1 beta (100 pg/ml) 153 +/- 12 versus anti-IL-8 (100 ng/ml) 71 +/- 7 (X 10(3)) PMN, N = 6, P < 0.02) and in the presence of anti-ICAM-1 F(ab)'2 fragments or soluble ICAM-1. Constitutive and cytokine stimulated mononuclear cell migration was significantly reduced in the simultaneous presence of polyclonal MCP-1 or RANTES antibody. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that HPMC synthesize IL-8, MCP-1 and RANTES in response to inflammatory cytokines. HPMC-derived C-x-C and C-C chemokines might contribute to the intra-peritoneal recruitment of leukocytes during peritoneal inflammation.