Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Ability of Select Probiotics to Reduce Enteric Campylobacter Colonization in Broiler Chickens.

Campylobacter is the leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide and is often associated with consumption and/or mishandling of contaminated poultry products. Probiotic use in poultry has been an effective strategy in reducing other enteric foodborne pathogens but has not proven consistent for Campylobacter. As Campylobacter resides and utilizes intestinal mucin for growth, isolates selected on the basis of mucin utilization might be a strategy to screen for efficacious probiotic bacterium. In this study, bacterial isolates demonstrating increased growth rates in mucin, in vitro (trials 1 or 2), or isolates demonstrating a reduction of Campylobacter counts when co-incubated with mucin, in vitro (trials 3 or 4) were selected for their ability to reduce Campylobacter colonization in four bird trials. In trials 1 or 2, ninety day-of-hatch chicks were randomly divided into 9 treatment groups (n=10 chicks/treatment) and treated individually with one of four bacterial isolates demonstrating increased growth in media containing mucin. The treatments included a positive Campylobacter control (no isolate) or four isolates grown in media with or without mucin prior to inoculation. In trials 3 or 4, sixty day-of-hatch chicks were divided into six treatment groups (n=10 chicks/treatment) receiving either no isolate (positive Campylobacter control) or dosed with five individual isolates all demonstrating the ability to reduce Campylobacter counts when co-incubated with mucin, in vitro. These isolates were grown in media containing mucin prior to inoculation. In all four trials, birds were gavaged with individual isolates at day-of-hatch and orally challenged with a four strain mixture C. jejuni on day 7. Ceca were collected at day 14 for Campylobacter enumeration. Results from these first two trials demonstrated two individual isolates, one with increased growth rates when grown in mucin or one isolate incubated without mucin, consistently reduced cecal Campylobacter counts (1.5 to 4 log reduction) when compared with controls. In follow-up trials with isolates selected for their ability to directly reduce Campylobacter counts when co-incubated with mucin, in vitro, one isolate consistently reduced cecal Campylobacter counts by approximately 1.5 logs. These results support the potential use of mucin to preselect isolates for their ability to reduce enteric Campylobacter colonization.
PIdentification and Ranking of Factors in Labor Productivity in TÃ¼rkiyeiÅ BankasÄ± Using AHP

The goal of bank managers is to make optimal use of resources and human resource management is especially important in this process. The purpose of this research was to identify and rank the factors in labor productivity ofTurkiyeiABankasA± using the AHP technique. The population consisted of all the branches ofTurkiyeiABankasA± in Ankara (N = 127)in the first half of 2015. 16 banks were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.882. 4 employees were randomly selected from each bank to complete the questionnaire. Using the AHP technique in Expert Choice, the factors affecting labor productivity in sample banks were identified and ranked. Psychosocial, Individual, Management, Environmental, and Cultural factors were respectively the most important factors affecting labor productivity.
Detecting Behavioural Additionality - an Empirical Study on the Impact of Public R&D Funding on Firms' Cooperative Behaviour in Germany

Subsidising research networks has become a popular instrument in technology policies, driven mainly by expected positive spillovers. In particular, the stimulation of R&D co-operation between scientific institutions and industry is considered as most promising. In the context of policy evaluation we analyse if public R&D funding is suitable for influencing firms' collaborative behaviour in the intended way and where applicable, if a lasting change results. The empirical analysis is based on German CIS data and a supplemental telephone survey. Using a nearest-neighbour matching approach we find that R&D funding is indeed a particularly valuable tool for the linking of science into industry R&D partnerships. However, we also show in a bivariate probit analysis that newly initiated R&D co-operations with science are less likely to be continued after funding has ended compared to already existing co-operations. Therefore, the behavioural change induced by public funding is not necessarily longlived.
Myofascial Trigger Points: Pathophysiology and Correlation with Acupuncture Points

A review is made of recent studies on myofascial trigger points (MTrP) and their mechanism is discussed. Clinical and basic science studies have shown that there are multiple MTrP loci in a MTrP region. A MTrP locus contains a sensory component (sensitive locus) and a motor component (active locus). A sensitive locus is a point from which tenderness or pain, referred pain, and local twitch response can be elicited by mechanical stimulation. Sensitive loci (probably sensitised nociceptors) are widely distributed in the whole muscle, but are concentrated in the endplate zone. An active locus is a site from which spontaneous electrical activity can be recorded. Active loci appear to be dysfunctional endplates since spontaneous electrical activity is essentially the same as the electrical activity reported by neurophysiologists as that recorded from an abnormal endplate. A MTrP is always found in a taut band which is histologically related to contraction knots caused by excessive release of acetylcholine in abnormal endplates. Both referred pain and local twitch response are mediated through spinal cord mechanisms, as demonstrated in both human and animal studies. The pathogenesis of MTrPs appears to be related to integration in the spinal cord of response to the disturbance of nerve endings and abnormal contractile mechanism at multiple dysfunctional endplates. There are many similarities between MTrPs and acupuncture points including their location and distribution, pain and referred pain patterns, local twitch responses (de qi), and possible spinal cord mechanism.
DO GENDER DIFFERENCES HAVE INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, QUALITY OF LIFE AND WORK DEMANDS? CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY

All over the world studies have indicated that general practice has become an increasingly stressful work (1-8). The previous attractions of the work, such as the independence and flexibility involved in providing a service as a small business, are now being undermined by increasing demands and constraints in the work situation (3,9). According to one study, only 50% of general practitioners are satisfied with their work (3). The Lithuanian health care reform started in 1992. A primary health care development strategy has been mapped out for 1996–2005. As a consequence of the health reform there have been changes going on regarding the role and tasks of GP’s in Lithuania. In 1996–1997 operational service standards for general practitioners were defined. Primary health care services are delivered in primary health care centers, GP’s, both school and community medical posts (paramedical DO GENDER DIFFERENCES HAVE INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, QUALITY OF LIFE AND WORK DEMANDS? CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY
Determination of parameters of a viscous-cohesive fracture model by inverse analysis

The quasi-brittle, loading rate dependent behaviour of the concrete, characterized by a fracture process zone (FPZ) ahead of the crack front, can be described through a viscous-cohesive model. In this paper, a viscous cohesive model proposed in a former paper is evaluated for a group of high strength concrete beams loaded at rates from 10-5 mm/s to 10+1 mm/s. A software has been developed to enable the automatic determination of the viscous-cohesive model parameters through inverse analysis on load-versus loading-point displacement (P-d) from threepoint bend tests on notched prismatic specimens. The strategy allowed the sensitivity analysis of the parameters related to viscous behaviour. The analysis of results shows that the formerly proposed model can be improved for a better simulation of the loading rate dependence on the cohesive fracture process.
Oxidative stress and endogenous antioxidants in normolipidemic Acute Myocardial Infarction patients

Background: Although studies have demonstrated the role of endogenous antioxidants in the protection from the deleterious effects of oxygen free radicals in ischemia and reperfusion, there are controversial data on the correlation between endogenous antioxidants and ischemia process. Aim: The present study was planned to evaluate endogenous antioxidants in normolipidemic acute myocardial infarct (AMI) patients. Setting & Design: The serum lipid profile, albumin, uric acid, total bilirubin, malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes were determined in 165 normolipidemic patients diagnosed of AMI and 165 age-sexes matched healthy volunteers served as control. Material & Methods: Serum albumin was measured by Bromo cresol green (BCG) dye binding method, uric acid was measured by phosphotungstic acid reduction method and serum total bilirubin by Jendrassik and Grof method, serum MDA was measure by MDA method estimating TBARS and conjugated dienes by Recknagel and Glende method (with little modifications) in AMI patients and controls. Also lipid profile was analyzed enzymatically in these subjects. Statistics: The values were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD) and data from patients and control was compared using student's't'-test. Results And Conclusion: The endogenous antioxidants were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in AMI patients compared to controls. Serum malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes were significantly (p<0.001) increased in AMI patients compared to controls. Also total cholesterol, TC: HDL-C ratio, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, LDL-C: HDL-C ratio and TG: HDL-C ratio were higher in AMI subjects (p<0.001) and HDL-cholesterol were lower in AMI subjects (p<0.001).
Three Genes , Two Species : A Comparative Analysis of Upstream Regulatory Sequences Sufficient to Direct Vulval Expression in C . elegans and C

We have identified the Caenorhabditis briggsae homologs of three C. elegans genes, egl-17, zmp-1 and cdh-3, that are differentially expressed in subsets of vulval cells and the anchor cell. Upstream cis-regulatory regions of the C. elegans genes sufficient to confer vulval and anchor cell specific regulation are known (Kirouac and Sternberg, accompanying manuscript). We have identified the corresponding C. briggsae control regions and tested these regions for activity in C. elegans. We find that a 748-bp region of C. briggsae egl-17 confers expression in C. elegans in the primary lineage, occasional secondary lineage expression and late expression in vulC and D. We have identified a 755-bp upstream region of C. briggsae zmp-1 that confers expression in vulE, vulA, and the anchor cell in C. elegans. Finally, we have identified a 1.4-kb region of C. briggsae cdh-3 that drives expression in vulE, F, C, and D cells in C. elegans, and a separate 277-bp region of C. briggsae cdh-3 that confers expression to C. elegans vulC, E and F, but not vulD. We conclude that these phylogenetic footprints promote vulval cell expression in both species. Lastly, we compare the efficacy of phylogenetic footprinting with respect to deletion analysis in transgenic animals.
Ser Distribution changes after settlement in six species of damselfish ( Pomacentridae ) in One Tree Island lagoon , Great Barrier Reef

While larval supply patterns playa major role in determining the distribution and abundance of reef fishes at a range of spatial and temporal scales, events occurring in the weeks after settlement may also significantly alter the demography of a juvenile population. I monitored over 2 summers the arrival of new recruits of 6 species of benthic dams elfish onto continuous and patch reef habitat in One Tree Island lagoon. Each species had specific habitat preferences, and most showed some form of patchiness in spatial and temporal distribution at settlement; however, this was most likely a result of group settlement rather than habitat patchiness. Tagged recruits of Pomacentrus amboinensis remained within 1m of their settlement site for at least the first 36 d on continuous reef, while known individuals of other species also moved little during this period, suggesting that disappearances were likely to be due to mortality. Mortality of recruits varied among species, years and habitats (patch vs continuous reef), and consequently spatial distributions of fish changed after settlement at the scale of lOs of metres (within-site) and several kilometres (among 8 sites). The spatial patchiness in distributions was not consistent among species, sites or years, suggesting that spatial variation in substrate did not have a major effect on settlement variation at this scale. These results show that the settlement signal may be obscured in the first few weeks post-settlement, and that lessfrequent censuses, commonly used as proxies for high-frequency monitoring of settlement, may not accurately hind cast spatial or temporal patterns of settlement.
Efficient enhancement of the thermoelectric effect due to the Majorana zero modes coupled to one quantum-dot system

By considering Majorana zero modes to laterally couple to the quantum dot, we evaluate the thermoelectric effect in one single-dot system. The calculation results show that if one Majorana zero mode couples to the dot, the thermoelectric effect will exhibit its change, but the thermoelectric efficiency cannot be enhanced apparently. However, the thermoelectric effect can be efficiently strengthened when two Majorana zero modes are introduced simultaneously. We believe that the findings in this work provide an alternative method for the detection of Majorana bound state.
Abundances of Heavy and Ultraheavy Ions in 3He-rich Solar Flares

We have surveyed 3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events over the period 1997 September-2003 April in order to characterize abundances of heavy ions near 400 keV nucleon-1. The first part of the study focuses on 20 distinct SEP events that show the previously observed pattern in which, relative to O, heavy ions through Fe are enriched, with the enrichment increasing with mass. We find that these enrichments are well correlated such that 3He-rich SEP events with high Fe/C also show larger enrichments in other heavy ions. Ultraheavy (UH; taken as 78-220 amu) ions are routinely seen in these events with abundance enhancements correlating with Fe/C but with even larger flare-to-flare variations. In one event with unusually little interplanetary scattering, we are able to estimate the time of heavy- and UH-ion injections at the Sun and find them to be simultaneous. The second part of the study sums up many impulsive-event time periods in order to construct a mass histogram of UH nuclei; this histogram shows broad mass peaks similar to those in compilations of solar system abundances. In this summed period, relative to O, the average enhancement of heavy nuclei increases with mass with values of ~7 for Fe, ~40 for mass 78-100 amu, ~120 for mass 125-150 amu, and ~215 for 180-220 amu. The maximum UH enhancements seen in the most-enriched events are at least a factor of 5 larger. The enhancements are approximately proportional to the particle charge-to-mass ratio raised to a power, as seen previously in large, shock-associated SEP events.
SEMI-ANALYTIC GALAXY EVOLUTION (SAGE): MODEL CALIBRATION AND BASIC RESULTS

This paper describes a new publicly available codebase for modeling galaxy formation in a cosmological context, the “Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution” model, or sage for short.5 sage is a significant update to the 2006 model of Croton et al. and has been rebuilt to be modular and customizable. The model will run on any N-body simulation whose trees are organized in a supported format and contain a minimum set of basic halo properties. In this work, we present the baryonic prescriptions implemented in sage to describe the formation and evolution of galaxies, and their calibration for three N-body simulations: Millennium, Bolshoi, and GiggleZ. Updated physics include the following: gas accretion, ejection due to feedback, and reincorporation via the galactic fountain; a new gas cooling–radio mode active galactic nucleus (AGN) heating cycle; AGN feedback in the quasar mode; a new treatment of gas in satellite galaxies; and galaxy mergers, disruption, and the build-up of intra-cluster stars. Throughout, we show the results of a common default parameterization on each simulation, with a focus on the local galaxy population.
A Very Long Term Forecast of the Port Throughput in the Le Havre – Hamburg Range up to 2100

This paper presents a new methodology for the development of a probabilistic very long term forecast of the total port throughput in the Le Havre – Hamburg range up to 2100. The forecast is based on a combination of System Dynamic Modelling, Judgement, and Causal Relations. It is intended to provide infrastructure planners with some guidance on the very long term development of transport demand over the lifetime of the infrastructure. On the basis of the forecast it can be expected that the port throughput in the Le Havre – Hamburg region will remain growing throughout the first half of the century, but at a reduced pace. Towards the end of the century throughput volumes will stabilize or even decrease. The notion of decreasing and stabilizing throughput volumes will help infrastructure planners to consider the (ultimate) capacity to be provided beyond the current expansion plans as well as the type of expansions that will suit future demand some 20 to 30 years from now.
Vertical patterns of soil carbon, nitrogen and carbon: nitrogen stoichiometry in Tibetan grasslands

Abstract. Vertical patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and C:N stoichiometry are crucial for understanding biogeochemical cycles in high-altitude ecosystems, but remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated vertical distributions of SOC and TN as well as their stoichiometric relationships in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau using data of 405 profiles surveyed from 135 sites across the plateau during 2001–2004. Our results showed that, both SOC and TN in alpine grasslands decreased with soil depth, while C:N ratio did not exhibit significant change along soil profile. The associations of SOC and TN content (amount per area) with environmental factors diminished with soil depth. Soil carbon content was nearly proportional to nitrogen content with a slope of 1.04 across various various grassland types. The slope did not differ significantly between alpine steppe and alpine meadow or between alpine grasslands and global ecosystems, and also did not reveal significant differences among various soil depth intervals, suggesting that soil carbon-nitrogen coupling is irrespective of ecosystem types and soil depths.
Snow Nowcasting Using a Real-Time Correlation of Radar Reflectivity with Snow Gauge Accumulation

This paper describes and evaluates an algorithm for nowcasting snow water equivalent (SWE) at a point on the surface based on a real-time correlation of equivalent radar reflectivity ( Ze) with snow gauge rate (S). It is shown from both theory and previous results that Ze‐S relationships vary significantly during a storm and from storm to storm, requiring a real-time correlation of Ze and S. A key element of the algorithm is taking into account snow drift and distance of the radar volume from the snow gauge. The algorithm was applied to a number of New York City snowstorms and was shown to have skill in nowcasting SWE out to at least 1 h when compared with persistence. The algorithm is currently being used in a real-time winter weather nowcasting system, called Weather Support to Deicing Decision Making (WSDDM), to improve decision making regarding the deicing of aircraft and runway clearing. The algorithm can also be used to provide a real-time Z‐S relationship for Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) if a well-shielded snow gauge is available to measure real-time SWE rate and appropriate range corrections are made.
Cultural Values as Instruments for Economic Modernization: Nationalism and Ideology in Taiwan

Native commentators on Taiwan's recent industrialization consider culture to be a key factor in the nation's modernization drive. Indigenous writers present Chinese culture as not only economically fit but also morally superior to other nations. Such presentations are based on an idealized view of a Confucian society, which includes assumptions about the state as cultural guide and model. In presenting Chinese culture as a key to modernization, the writers also contribute to certain ideological projects. Legitimation of the government, paternalistic claims on citizens and workers by the state and employers, and the rhetorical war against communism arc some of the tacit agendas I discuss.
The impact of processing athlete transgressions on brand image and purchase intent

Athlete endorsers are commonly used to promote sponsor products and brands. Their image aligns with brands, creating meaning and values in consumers' minds enhancing brand equity. Negative information surrounding an athlete endorser can have adverse effects. This study surveyed 217 people through an online questionnaire distributed using snowballing technique to determine whether the level of processing (LoP) Tiger Wood's extramarital affair within memory affected Nike's brand image and purchase intent. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed a significant two-way interaction between Woods as an endorser and LoP on brand image. A simple effects analysis showed negative effects for deepest in memory group. Significant within-subjects main effects for endorser and between-subjects main effects for LoP the transgression emerged on purchase intent. The contrast analysis demonstrated that purchase intent increased when Woods endorsed Nike irrespective of LoP the affair. Effects on brand image contrast those of purchase intent. The results indicate that even though brand image is depressed, organisations could continue using the athlete that has misbehaved as endorser, as consumers' discount negative information surrounding the athlete when making purchase decisions. Athlete endorsers that have transgressed continue to drive sales.
Using bipartite graphs projected onto two dimensions for text classification

In our Big Data world, the amount of text being gathered is ever expanding. For many years, data curators have sought ways to group thes e documents and identify common topics. As the size of the problem increases, solutions that will scale are needed . The purpose of this work is to present a novel text classifier that can be used for text - mining and interactive information access. The mode l that is demonstrated can be used to extract hierarchical relations between topics , as well as to conducted unsupervised clustering of documents and keywords. The approach that is taken with this model is the use of a graph - of - words key term extraction an d a dimensional projection of the bipartite graph of documents and key terms. This projection makes it possible for terms to be co - clustered in an efficient manner in relation to their documents and the documents in relation to their terms. Furthermore, t h e key term extraction process that is outlined can be scaled on a large corpus using a distributed processing system such as Apache Spark, and the resultant model can be visually interacted with by users.