Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants less than one year of age: a cumulative experience of the Children's Cancer Study Group.

A retrospective review of all 115 infants less than 1 year of age with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) entered on a consecutive series of recent Children's Cancer Study Group (CCSG) leukemia protocols was undertaken to examine in detail the outcome and clinical course of a large group of similarly treated infants. In comparison to the 4,392 children older than 1 year, entered on the same studies, infants had a significantly (P = .0001) increased incidence of leukocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly, meningeal leukemia at presentation, hypogammaglobulinemia, and failure to achieve complete remission (CR) status by day 14 of induction therapy. In contrast, lymphadenopathy, non-L1 French-American-British (FAB) morphology, mediastinal mass, and T cell leukemia were not more frequently observed. Ninety percent of these infants successfully completed the induction phase of therapy. With a median follow-up of 35 months, life table estimate of disease-free survival is only 23% at 4 years. Identical disease-free survival rates for infants were observed in each of the individual studies reviewed. Excessive toxicity resulting in limitation of therapy delivered was not a causative factor for the disappointing outcome of these patients. Rather, early disease recurrence, characterized by bone marrow relapse (55%) and CNS (22%) relapse, was the major factor responsible for the extremely poor prognosis of this patient group. Identical CNS relapse rates were observed in those patients who received cranial irradiation as part of CNS prophylaxis (21.8%) and in those patients who did not receive cranial radiotherapy (24%). Results of salvage therapy for patients who experienced systemic or extramedullary relapse were dismal. Debilitating neuropsychologic sequellae, presumably related to CNS irradiation, have been observed in 50% of the small number of long-term survivors. Infants less than 1 year of age with ALL present with a constellation of features which predict a poor outcome and constitute the group of children with ALL at greatest risk for treatment failure.
Optimizing Algorithm of Sparse Linear Systems on GPU

Linear equations with large spare coefficient matrices arise in many practical scientific and engineering problems. Previous sparse matrix algorithms for solving linear equations based on single-core CPU are highly complex and time-consuming. To solve such problems, aiming at Jacobi iteration algorithm, in this paper we firstly implement a sparse matrix parallel iteration algorithm on a hybrid multi-core parallel system consisting of CPU and GPU, then an optimization scheme is proposed to carry out performance improvement in two ways, i.e., the multi-level storage structure and the memory access mode of CUDA. Experimental results show that the parallel algorithm on hybrid multi-core system can gain higher performance than the original linear Jacobi iteration algorithm on CPU. In addition, the optimization scheme is effective and feasible.
Autonomic and peripheral neuropathy in endstage liver disease and following liver transplantation

Severe chronic liver disease may be associated with a peripheral somatic and an autonomic neuropathy. There are only a limited number of reports on the incidence and features of these neuropathies. In addition the effects of liver transplantation on these neuropathies have not been well studied. We examined peripheral somatic and autonomic nerve function in 42 patients with endstage liver disease prior to transplantation and also examined the effect of liver transplantation on these neuropathies in 14 patients. Peripheral somatic neuropathy (93%) and autonomic neuropathy (50%) were common in patients with endstage liver disease and were more frequent than previously reported. Abnormalities improved in some patients after liver transplantation, particularly if there was return of normal hepatic function. Muscle Nerve 28: 595–600, 2003
Planificación de sistemas de tiempo real: diseños y problemas

Un sistema de tiempo real (STR) [2] [12] [15] requiere reaccionar a estimulos del medio ambiente, incluyendo el paso del tiempo fisico, dentro de intervalos de tiempo dictados por dicho medio ambiente. Cada reaccion o respuesta se lleva a cabo a traves de un conjunto de instrucciones que normalmente se denominan tareas. Para asegurar que el sistema pueda ejecutar las tareas de tal manera que se cumplan con los plazos fijados por los intervalos de tiempos, se debe realizar una planificacion rigurosa de tareas. Esta planificacion es el punto central del diseno de aplicaciones de tiempo real. No puede quedar implicita simplemente por utilizar Sistemas Operativos de Tiempo Real (SOTR). Se debe conocer el funcionamiento de los planificadores implementados en estos SOTR y sus limitaciones. Es proposito de este proyecto de investigacion abordar este tema, desde el punto de vista teorico y experimental. Para ello se dispone de simulaciones y sistemas reales. Debe tenerse en cuenta que los desarrollos teoricos no siempre acaban siendo implementados en sistemas reales. A su vez, los cambios en el hardware implican WICC 2014 XVI Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computacion
Market Imperfections and Firm-Sponsored Training

Recent human capital theories predict that labor market frictions and product market competition influence firm-sponsored training. Using matched worker-firm data from Dutch manufacturing, our paper empirically assesses the validity of these predictions. We find that a decrease in labor market frictions significantly reduces firms’ training expenditures. Instead, product market competition does not have an effect on firm-sponsored training. We conclude that increasing competition through international integration and globalization does not pose a threat to investments in on-the-job training. An increase in labor market flexibility may reduce incentives of firms to invest in training, but the magnitude of this effect is small.
Ventilatory Reserve and Level of Motor Block During High Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia

Eighteen subjects were successively given spinal anesthesia with 50 to 75 mg. lidocaine, and epidural anesthesia with 15 to 35 ml of 2 per cent lidocaine containing 1:200,000 epinephrine. Mean levels of cutaneous analgesia (pin prick) and molor block (electromyography) were T 2.3 ±1.8 and T 5.1 ± 2.4, respectively, with spinal anesthesia, and T 3.6 ±1.2 and T 8.2 ±2.6 with epidural anesthesia. Mean inspiratory capacity fell 8 per cent with spinal anesthesia and 3 per cent with epidural anesthesia. Mean expiratory reserve volume fell 48 per cent with spinal anesthesia and 21 per cent with epidural anesthesia.
National disease burden of respiratory viruses detected in children by polymerase chain reaction

Background. The epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory viruses at the Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin between 1996 and 1998 was examined with molecular [multiplex (M) PCR] and standard virologic methods. Methods and results. A total of 3325 patients with lower respiratory infection (LRI) [bronchiolitis (42%), pneumonia (38%) and croup (12%)] were identified. It is estimated that 545 000 LRI hospitalizations occur each year in the United States in children younger than 18 years old (viral, 428 000; pneumonia, 221 000; bronchiolitis, 222 000; croup, 65 000), including a continued increase in bronchiolitis hospitalizations (47.8/1000; <1 year). The most common viruses detected each year in hospitalized children included respiratory syncytial virus (A and B; 117 000), parainfluenza virus (PIV-1 and -2, 48 000; PIV-3, 18 000) and influenza (A and B, 39 000). With multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (MPCR), different patient populations demonstrated different LRI epidemiology in relation to specific syndromes and viral causes. At least 21% of LRI hospitalizations were in children with significant medical problems. PIVs were detected much more frequently in immunocompromised children than in previously healthy children (33% vs. 16%). Similarly 15% of respiratory syncytial virus was detected between May and October, mostly in immunocompromised children. Influenza caused 19% of bronchiolitis in previously healthy children, and no virus could be reliably predicted based on clinical presentation, including wheezing. Of children hospitalized for LRI, 40% tested positive for the seven most common respiratory viruses by MPCR. Conclusions. Work is under way to expand the number of viruses detected by MPCR and to determine whether newly discovered viruses, such as human metapneumovirus, contribute to the burden of pediatric LRI hospitalizations.
The role of homologous recombination repair in the formation of chromosome aberrations

The repair of DNA double strand breaks by homologous recombination can occur by at least two pathways: a Rad51-dependent pathway that is predominantly error free, and a Rad51-independent pathway (single strand annealing, SSA) that is error prone. In theory, chromosome exchanges can result from (mis)repair by either pathway. Both repair pathways will involve a search for homologous sequence, leading to co-localization of chromatin. Genes involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR) have now been successfully knocked out in mice and the role of HRR in the formation of chromosome exchanges, particularly after ionising radiation, is discussed in the light of new evidence.
Competing Platform Models for Mobile Service Delivery: The Importance of Gatekeeper Roles

This paper introduces and analyses four potential business models for emerging mobile service platforms. For each model, a real-life case is described and briefly analyzed. It is found that 'platform leadership' strategies - focused a.o. on control of core assets on the one hand, and open interfaces on the other hand -, permeate the strategies and models introduced by the stakeholders vying for dominance in this market. In particular, these strategies and models differ strongly according to the specific set-up and control of a number of crucial 'gatekeeper roles'.
Function of the frontal lobe in autistic individuals: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic study.

PURPOSE In this investigation, we studied differences in chemical metabolites in certain brain regions between autistic patients and normal control subjects. METHODS Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) was used to evaluate functional activity in these regions. Specific regions studied were right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) and the anterior cingulated cortex(ACC). RESULTS In the ACC, the N-acetylaspartate(NAA)/creatine/phosphocreatine(Cr) ratio in autistic patients (n=31) was significantly lower than that in control subjects (n=28). The decrease in the NAA/Cr ratio for the ACC was much greater in the group with worst social ability. NAA/Cr for the left DLPFC and social ability of autistic patients also correlated well. Furthermore, NAA/Cr for the left DLPFC in the group with intelligence quotient (IQ) below 50 was significantly less than in controls. NAA/Cr for the right DLPFC in autistic patients was not decreased compared to controls, and did not correlate with IQ or social ability. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest neuronal dysfunction in the ACC and left DLPFC in autism, and also a relationship between social disability and metabolic dysfunction in these regions. Dysfunction in the ACC and the left DLPFC may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism.
Modelos psicofísicos de discriminación de texturas visuales: evolución y aspectos criticos

Este articulo pretende ofrecer una vision historica de 10s trabajos psicofisicos que mas han contribuido al conocimiento de la discriminacion de texturas por el sistema visual humano. Se presentan las diferentes aproximaciones psicofisicas al estudio de la discriminacion preatentiva de texturas: 10s modelos estadisticos, 10s basados en la extraccion de caracteristicas y 10s enmarcados en la teoria multicanal. Aproximaciones que se han ido sucediendo temporalmente de acuerdo con el modelo imperante sobre el procesamiento de la informacion por sistemas biologicos. Se realiza un analisis de cada modelo a traves de 10s resultados experimentales mas relevantes a 10s que han dado lugar, presentando tanto 10s puntos fuertes como 10s debiles, a la vez que analizamos como han ido modificando sus planteamientos iniciales hasta la actualidad. Palabras clave: Modelos, psicofisica, texturas, texton, espectro de Fourier.
Agarose gel structure using atomic force microscopy: Gel concentration and ionic strength effects

Agarose gels have been studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experiments were especially designed to work in aqueous conditions, allowing direct observation of the “unperturbed” gel without invasive treatment. AFM images clearly show strong dependence of pore diameter and its distribution on ionic strength of the solvent. As the ionic strength increases, the distribution becomes broader and the position of its maximum shifts toward higher values. The evolution of the distribution curves indicates that gels become more homogenous with decreasing Tris‐borate‐EDTA (TBE) buffer concentration. An empirical law of the mean pore diameter as a function of the ionic strength is established. In agreement with our previous work we found that, for a given ionic strength, the pore diameter increases when the agarose concentration decreases and that the wide pore diameter distribution narrows as the gel concentration increases.
Problematic Smartphone Use: Investigating Contemporary Experiences Using a Convergent Design

Internet-enabled smartphones are increasingly ubiquitous in the Western world. Research suggests a number of problems can result from mobile phone overuse, including dependence, dangerous and prohibited use. For over a decade, this has been measured by the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPU-Q). Given the rapid developments in mobile technologies, changes of use patterns and possible problematic and addictive use, the aim of the present study was to investigate and validate an updated contemporary version of the PMPU-Q (PMPU-Q-R). A mixed methods convergent design was employed, including a psychometric survey (N = 512) alongside qualitative focus groups (N = 21), to elicit experiences and perceptions of problematic smartphone use. The results suggest the PMPU-Q-R factor structure can be updated to include smartphone dependence, dangerous driving, and antisocial smartphone use factors. Theories of problematic mobile phone use require consideration of the ubiquity and indispensability of smartphones in the present day and age, particularly regarding use whilst driving and in social interactions.
Imaging Protein‐Protein Interactions by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Microscopy

FRET microscopy enables the detection of different biochemical states of proteins in cells. The use of fluorescence in the detection of proteins, by chemical modification, by immunofluorescence, or by genetic encoding of a green fluorescent protein fusion protein, provides more information than just the location of the protein in the cell. The properties of the fluorophore can be exploited to extract information on protein‐protein interactions. A straightforward, quantitative imaging approach is presented to measure FRET that is based on internal calibration by acceptor photobleaching.
Understanding and Treating Anxiety Disorders in Presence of Personality Disorder Diagnosis

The prevalence of personality disorders varies between 0.5% and 2.5% in the general popu‐ lation and it increases drastically in the clinical population [1, 2]. In a psychiatric population, about one half of all patients have pathological personality [3]. Following the multiaxial classification of the Diagnostic Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IVTR; [1]), Axis II personality disorders are defined as being stable, inflexible, and pervasive patterns of psychological experiences and behaviors that differ prominently from cultural expectations, and that lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning. In the DSM-IV-TR, there are 10 distinct personality disorders organized into three clusters. Cluster ′′A′′ includes three personality disorders considered as odd or eccen‐ tric: paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal. Antisocial, borderline, narcissistic and histrionic personality disorders are grouped under Cluster ′′B′′, which is considered as the dramatic, emotional or erratic cluster. Finally, Cluster ′′C′′ comprises three anxious or fearful person‐ ality disorders: the avoidant personality disorder, the dependent personality disorder and the obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. In the next version of the DSM (DSM-V), the task force is proposing some major changes for Axis II and as per the may 1st 2012 online revision[4], the DSM-V will retain six personality disorder types : schizotypal, antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive.
Magnetotransport in Ferromagnetic (Ga, Mn)As and (Ga, Mn)N Pn-Diodes

GaAs and GaN pn-junctions are fabricated with Mn-doped ferromagnetic layers on top of nonmagnetic substrates. In the case of heavily doped (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs p++n++-junctions (Zener diodes) the tunneling current becomes magnetic field dependent at low temperatures. This can be explained by a model based on the valence band splitting due to the exchange interaction between the hole spins and the localized spins of the Mn atoms. In the pn-junctions with more lightly doped nonmagnetic regions in the (Ga, Mn)N and (Ga, Mn)As diodes, no magnetic field dependence in the I-V characteristics is observed, probably due the absence of ferromagnetism in the depletion region of the p+n-junctions
EFECTO DE LA MORFOLOGIA DE PUNTOS ACOPLADOS VERTICALMENTE SOBRE EL ESPECTRO ENERGETICO DE UNA DONADORA NEUTRA

Se analiza el efecto de la morfologia de dos puntos cuanticos auto-ensamblados (SAQD) de embebidos en una matriz de acoplados verticalmente, axialmente simetricos e identicos, sobre el espectro energetico de una impureza donadora neutra, en donde su ion esta localizado sobre el eje de simetria, pero tanto el ion como el electron se consideran confinados dentro del SAQD inferior. Se utiliza el metodo de aproximacion adiabatica (A.A), el cual permite el desacoplamiento del movimiento del electron en uno rapido perpendicular a la interface de crecimiento (Direccion) y otro lento paralelo al plano (Direccion radial). Esta aproximacion reduce la ecuacion de onda del sistema inicial a un problema de campo central bidimensional, con un potencial efectivo que depende de la morfologia de los puntos, esta ecuacion se soluciona utilizando el metodo numerico barrido trigonometrico. Se muestra que la altura del SAQD tiene una gran incidencia sobre el espectro energetico y por tal razon los puntos cuanticos no se pueden considerar bidimensionales. Se muestra que el espectro energetico de la donadora en puntos cuanticos auto-ensamblados es fuertemente dependiente de los factores geometricos que caracterizan el sistema: Radio, altura, espesor de la capa humeda. Se muestra que el espectro energetico del es fuertemente dependiente de la morfologia de los SAQD, donde los mayores valores de la energia de enlace se obtienen en los puntos con formas mas agudas. Se evidencia como la energia de enlace del sistema es sensible a las variaciones en la posicion del ion.
Cycle and Path Embedding on 5-ary N-cubes

We study two topological properties of the 5-ary n -cube $Q_{n}^{5}$ . Given two arbitrary distinct nodes x and y in $Q_{n}^{5}$ , we prove that there exists an x - y path of every length ranging from 2n to 5 n - 1, where n ≥ 2. Based on this result, we prove that $Q_{n}^{5}$ is 5-edge-pancyclic by showing that every edge in $Q_{n}^{5}$ lies on a cycle of every length ranging from 5 to 5 n .
Mobile Agent for Efficient Routing among Source Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor network, a lot of sensory traffic with redundancy is produced due to massive node density and their diverse placement. This causes the decline of scarce network resources such as bandwidth and energy, thus decreasing the lifetime of sensor network. Recently, mobile agent is proposed as a solution to overcome these problems. Mobile agent accounts for performing data processing and making data aggregation decisions at nodes rather than bring data back to a central processor (sink). Using this approach, redundant sensory data will be eliminated. However, carrying a huge amount of aggregated data among source nodes, using mobile agent, requires immensely planned routing. This is to avoid hastily burning source nodes energy in interest region. Towards this end, we propose a novel approach to achieve optimal routing path for mobile agent. Our proposed approach has two folds. Firstly, Dijkstra's algorithm is used to generate a complete graph to connect all source nodes. Secondly, genetic algorithm is performed on a completed graph to generate best approximated route. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, formal analysis and experimental results are presented.
Analysis of chromosome segregation in sperm from a chromosome 2 inversion heterozygote and assessment of an interchromosomal effect

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, the chromosome segregation of a pericentric inversion of chromosome 2 was studied in spermatozoa. An interchromosomal effect (ICE) was also determined for chromosomes 13, 21, X, and Y. This chromosome inversion included more than 2/3 of the total length of the chromosome and the breaks points were in G‐light bands. The frequency of non‐recombinant sperm was 55.9%, and that of recombinant sperm was 34.5% (with a 1:1 ratio of duplication of the p arm and deletion of the q arm and vice versa). There was a significantly increased frequency of disomy for chromosome 2 (0.6%) compared to the other autosomes, suggesting that pairing and recombination of the inversion may predispose to nondisjunction. There was no significant difference between the frequencies of aneuploidy for chromosomes 13, 21, X, and Y for the chromosome inversion heterozygote compared to control donors. Thus we did not find evidence for an ICE. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of Anabolic Steroids on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile and Liver Functions in Body Builders

The effects of anabolic steroids on body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile and liver functions were studied in male body builders who received a weekly i.m. injection of nandrolone-decanoate (100 mg) or placebo for 8 weeks in a double blind way. In addition, 5 body builders received the same dosage of nandrolone-decanoate or placebo, in a double blind cross-over design during two 8-week periods, interspersed by 12 weeks. Anabolic steroids induced a 25-27% decrease in HDL-cholesterol, which was virtually reversed 6 weeks after cessation of drug use. In the SAD group an increase in diastolic blood pressure was observed, which returned to pre-anabolic values approximately 6 weeks after cessation of drug administration. No deleterious effects of anabolic drugs on plasma activity of liver enzymes were found. Increases in lean body mass were found in all groups, though the increase in the subjects who received anabolic steroids was superior to that in the placebo-treated subjects. The increase in lean body mass suggests increases in muscle mass.