Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LBP reduces theinflammatory injuryof kidney in septic rat and regulates the Keap1-Nrf2∕ARE signaling pathway 1

Abstract Purpose To investigate the influence of lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), a functional derivative from lycium barbarum, on septic kidney injury. Methods The SD male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, NF-κB and ROS, in kidney cortex homogenates after 12 h treatments were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ROS test kit, respectively. Morphology observation of kidney tissue was conducted with HE staining. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, NF-κB, and Keap1 in kidney tissues were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results LPS treatment significantly increased the oxidative stress. After LBP treatment, the ROS content reduced significantly in a dose-depend manner. However, the levels of HO-1, NQO1 and Nrf2 as molecular elements that respond to oxidative stress were further increased. Also, administration of LBP increased the levels of NF-κB and Keap1, and decreased the levels of Nrf2 in the Keap 1-Nrf2∕ARE signaling pathway. By administrating the brusatol, the inhibition of Nrf2 enhanced the expression of NF-κB, inhibits the antioxidant responses, and further reverse the protective effect of LBP on the LPS induced septic kidney injury. Conclusion Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can reduce inflammation and activate the antioxidant responses via regulating the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
Review of Risk Assessment of Major Anatomical Variations in Clinical Dentistry

Most of the studies of the mandible's anatomical variations have presented the authors' speculations, and only a limited number has provided evidence that demonstrated the actual complications injury to the variant structures caused. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the risks associated with these variant anatomical structures' injury. We reviewed articles that described clinical cases of the injury to, and anatomical studies of, three anatomical variants of the mandible—the accessory mental, lingual, and retromolar foramina—with which dentists are relatively familiar and that are mentioned often in the context of implant and third molar surgeries, to describe risk assessment methods with which to evaluate potential complications preoperatively. Only a limited number of the clinical reports of injury to the mandible's accessory foramina were available. The potential severe complication of injury of the accessory mental foramen (AMF) is sensory disturbance of the lower lip. Risk of neurosensory disturbance of lower lip can be assessed by AMF/MF ratio and positional relations to the MF. Potential severe complication of injury of the lingual foramen is bleeding and hemorrhage in the oral cavity's floor. Risk of bleeding can be assessed by diameter and positional relation between the mental spine/mylohyoid line. A risk assessment of the retromolar foramen could not be made because of inadequate data. We hope the risk assessments suggested will encourage dentists to predict intraoperative/postoperative complications caused by damaging the mandible's accessory foramina. Clin. Anat. 32:672–677, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vagus nerve stimulation for primary headache disorders: An anatomical review to explain a clinical phenomenon

Background Non-invasive stimulation of the vagus nerve has been proposed as a new neuromodulation therapy to treat primary headache disorders, as the vagus nerve is hypothesized to modulate the headache pain pathways in the brain. Vagus nerve stimulation can be performed by placing an electrode on the ear to stimulate the tragus nerve, which contains about 1% of the vagus fibers. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) conventionally refers to stimulation of the cervical branch of the vagus nerve, which is made up entirely of vagal nerve fibers. While used interchangeably, most of the research to date has been performed with nVNS or an implanted vagus nerve stimulation device. However, the exact mechanism of action of nVNS remains hypothetical and no clear overview of the effectiveness of nVNS in primary headache disorders is available. Methods In the present study, the clinical trials that investigated the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of nVNS in primary headache disorders were systematically reviewed. The second part of this study reviewed the central connections of the vagus nerve. Papers on the clinical use of nVNS and the anatomical investigations were included based on predefined criteria, evaluated, and results were reported in a narrative way. Results The first part of this review shows that nVNS in primary headache disorders is moderately effective, safe and well-tolerated. Regarding the anatomical review, it was reported that fibers from the vagus nerve intertwine with fibers from the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves, mostly in the trigeminal spinal tract. Second, the four nuclei of the vagus nerve (nuclei of the solitary tract, nucleus ambiguus, spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and dorsal motor nucleus (DMX)) show extensive interconnections. Third, the efferents from the vagal nuclei that receive sensory and visceral input (i.e. nuclei of the solitary tract and spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve) mainly course towards the main parts of the neural pain matrix directly or indirectly via other vagal nuclei. Conclusion The moderate effectiveness of nVNS in treating primary headache disorders can possibly be linked to the connections between the trigeminal and vagal systems as described in animals.
Interplay between miRNAs and host genes and their role in cancer

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding functional RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. They play essential roles in nearly all biological processes including cell development and differentiation, DNA damage repair, cell death as well as intercellular communication. They are highly involved in cancer, acting as tumor suppressors and/or promoters to modulate cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor invasion and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that more than half of miRNAs are located within protein-coding or non-coding genes. Intragenic miRNAs and their host genes either share the promoter or have independent transcription. Meanwhile, miRNAs work as partners or antagonists of their host genes by fine-tuning their target genes functionally associated with host genes. This review outlined the complicated relationship between intragenic miRNAs and host genes. Focusing on miRNAs known as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in specific cancer types, it studied co-expression relationships between these miRNAs and host genes in the cancer types using TCGA data sets, which validated previous findings and revealed common, tumor-specific and even subtype-specific patterns. These observations will help understand the function of intragenic miRNAs and further develop miRNA therapeutics in cancer.
Gait Rehabilitation Device in Central Nervous System Disease: A Review

Central nervous system diseases cause the gait disorder. Early rehabilitation of a patient with central nervous system disease is shown to be benefit. However, early gait training is difficult because of muscular weakness and those elderly patients who lose of leg muscular power. In the patient's walking training, therapists assist the movement of patient's lower limbs and control the movement of patient's lower limbs. However the assistance for the movement of the lower limbs is a serious hard labor for therapists. Therefore, research into and development of various gait rehabilitation devices is currently underway to identify methods to alleviate the physical burden on therapists. In this paper, we introduced the about gait rehabilitation devices in central nervous system disease.
Hypogonadism, Erectile Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: What the Clinician Needs to Know

Abstract Testosterone levels and erectile function are known to decline as men age, leading to hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction (ED). Men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a particularly high prevalence of hypogonadism and ED. This population also has an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, as well as exposure to other metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity. Several professional societies have recommended screening men with T2DM for testosterone deficiency. Hypogonadism is generally suspected when morning levels for total testosterone are < 300 ng/dL and clinical signs and symptoms typically associated with androgen deficiency are present. While hypogonadism and ED have emerged as predictors of cardiovascular disease and may respond to the lifestyle changes commonly recommended for patients with diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, the literature on whether treatment with testosterone supplementation affects outcomes beyond well-being and sexual function is still emerging. Primary care providers should be aware of this dysmetabolic cluster affecting their male patients and its importance, and, given the common occurrence of hypogonadism, ED, and T2DM, diagnosis of 1 of these conditions should elicit inquiry into the other 2 conditions.
Routine monitoring of therapeutic alliance to predict treatment engagement in a Veterans Affairs substance use disorders clinic.

Measurement-based care (MBC) can improve mental health treatment outcomes and is a priority within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). However, to date, MBC efforts within the VA have focused on assessment of psychological symptoms to the exclusion of psychotherapy process variables such as the therapeutic alliance that may predict treatment response. This quality improvement project involved the implementation of routine monitoring of alliance within a VA substance use disorder (SUD) clinic predominantly serving veterans with serious mental illness. Alliance ratings were provided by 98 veterans following group therapy sessions. Low alliance ratings were used by the clinicians (n = 4) leading the groups (n = 9) as opportunities to discuss veterans' treatment experience and increase engagement. Using multilevel models that accounted for the nested nature of the data and veteran demographics, alliance ratings showed a small increase over time (B = 0.075, p < .001, f2 = 0.033). In addition, maximum alliance rating (i.e., patients' highest rating of alliance across all observations) was significantly but modestly associated with attendance at both MBC group sessions and all SUD-related visits in the 3 months following the initial alliance rating (Bs = 0.96 and 1.79; ps = .006 and .004; f2s = 0.079 and 0.088, respectively). Average alliance rating, however, was not associated with treatment attendance (ps > .050). Findings suggest that assessment of alliance is feasible within a VA SUD clinic and may provide information signaling risk for disengagement that could be used for increasing treatment engagement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
A non-interventional comparison of rivaroxaban with standard of care for thromboprophylaxis after major orthopaedic surgery in 17,701 patients with propensity score adjustment

Summary Rivaroxaban demonstrated superior efficacy and a similar safety profile to enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in the phase III RECORD programme in patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. The XAMOS study investigated adverse events, including bleeding and thromboembolic events, in patients receiving rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis in routine clinical practice. XAMOS was a non-interventional, open-label cohort study in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery of the hip or knee (predominantly elective arthroplasty), in which rivaroxaban was compared with other pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. All adverse events were documented, including symptomatic thromboembolic and bleeding events. Crude and adjusted incidences based on propensity score subclasses were calculated and compared between the rivaroxaban and standard-of-care groups. A total of 17,701 patients were enrolled from 252 centres in 37 countries. Crude incidences of symptomatic thromboembolic events three months after surgery in the safety population were 0.89% in the rivaroxaban group (n=8,778) and 1.35% in the standard-of-care group (n=8,635; odds ratio [OR] 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–0.87), and 0.91% and 1.31% (weighted) in the propensity score-adjusted analysis (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.56–0.85), respectively. Treatment-emergent major bleeding events (as defined in the RECORD studies) occurred in 0.40% and 0.34% of patients in the rivaroxaban and standard-of-care groups in the safety population (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.73–1.95), and in 0.44% versus 0.33% (weighted) in the propensity score-adjusted analysis (OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.94–1.93), respectively. This study in unselected patients confirmed the favourable benefit–risk profile of rivaroxaban seen in the RECORD programme.
Guidelines for the Management of Diabetic Macular Edema by the European Society of Retina Specialists (EURETINA)

Diabetic retinal disease is envisioned to become the plague of the coming decades with a steep increase of worldwide diabetes incidence followed by a substantial rise in retinal disease. Improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic care have to cope with this dilemma in a clinically and socioeconomically efficient manner. Laser treatment has found a less destructive competitor in pharmacological treatments. As a consequence of recent rigorous clinical trials, laser photocoagulation is no longer recommended for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has emerged as first-line therapy. Steroids have maintained a role in the management of chronically persistent DME. The paradigm shifts in therapy are accompanied by a substantial break-through in diagnostics. The following guidance for the management of DME has been composed from the best updated knowledge of leading experts in Europe and represents another volume in the series of EURETINA recommendations for the management of retinal disease.
Magnesium: A Magic Bullet for Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease?

Magnesium is essential for many physiological functions in the human body. Its homeostasis involves dietary intake, absorption, uptake and release from bone, swifts between the intra- and extracellular compartment, and renal excretion. Renal excretion is mainly responsible for regulation of magnesium balance. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), for a long time the general policy has been limiting magnesium intake. However, this may not be appropriate for many patients. The reference ranges for magnesium are not necessarily optimal concentrations, and risks for insufficient magnesium intake exist in patients with CKD. In recent years, many observational studies have shown that higher (in the high range of “normal” or slightly above) magnesium concentrations are associated with better survival in CKD cohorts. This review gives an overview of epidemiological associations between magnesium and overall and cardiovascular survival in patients with CKD. In addition, potential mechanisms explaining the protective role of magnesium in clinical cardiovascular outcomes are described by reviewing evidence from in vitro studies, animal studies, and human intervention studies with non-clinical endpoints. This includes the role of magnesium in cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, arterial calcification, and endothelial dysfunction. Possible future implications will be addressed, which will need prospective clinical trials with relevant clinical endpoints before these can be adopted in clinical practice.
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt Signaling is Functionally Essential in Myxoid Liposarcoma

Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is an aggressive soft-tissue tumor characterized by a specific reciprocal t(12;16) translocation resulting in expression of the chimeric FUS–DDIT3 fusion protein, an oncogenic transcription factor. Similar to other translocation-associated sarcomas, MLS is characterized by a low frequency of somatic mutations, albeit a subset of MLS has previously been shown to be associated with activating PIK3CA mutations. This study was performed to assess the prevalence of PI3K/Akt signaling alterations in MLS and the potential of PI3K-directed therapeutic concepts. In a large cohort of MLS, key components of the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade were evaluated by next generation seqeuncing (NGS), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In three MLS cell lines, PI3K activity was inhibited by RNAi and the small-molecule PI3K inhibitor BKM120 (buparlisib) in vitro. An MLS cell line–based avian chorioallantoic membrane model was applied for in vivo confirmation. In total, 26.8% of MLS cases displayed activating alterations in PI3K/Akt signaling components, with PIK3CA gain-of-function mutations representing the most prevalent finding (14.2%). IHC suggested PI3K/Akt activation in a far larger subgroup of MLS, implying alternative mechanisms of pathway activation. PI3K-directed therapeutic interference showed that MLS cell proliferation and viability significantly depended on PI3K-mediated signals in vitro and in vivo. Our preclinical study underlines the elementary role of PI3K/Akt signals in MLS tumorigenesis and provides a molecularly based rationale for a PI3K-targeted therapeutic approach which may be particularly effective in the subgroup of tumors carrying activating genetic alterations in PI3K/Akt signaling components.
Clinical Evaluation of Javanica Oil Emulsion Injection Combined with the Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of Javanica oil emulsion injection (JOEI) combined with the radiotherapy (RT) for treating esophageal cancer (EC). Design: A literature search was conducted for collecting the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on EC treated by JOEI in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and the Wanfang Database from inception to February 4, 2017. The quality of the RCTs was evaluated by the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and objective remission rate, performance status, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), 1-year survival rate, and 2-year survival rate were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software. Results: A total of 11 RCTs with 909 participants were involved in this meta-analysis. The results showed that in comparison with RT alone, the JOEI combined with RT was associated with the better effects on improving objective remission rate (relative risk [RR] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI 1.17–1.52], Z = 4.44, p < 0.00001), performance status (RR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.25–1.85], Z = 4.24, p < 0.00001), 1-year survival rate (RR = 1.37, 95% CI [1.17–1.60], Z = 3.86, p < 0.0001), and 2-year survival rate (RR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.09–1.70], Z = 2.68, p = 0.007). The differences between the two groups in objective remission rate, performance status, 1-year survival rate, and 2-year survival rate were statistically significant. Besides, the JOEI combined with RT could reduce the incidence of ADRs. Specifically, the statistically significant difference was detected between these two groups about leukopenia (RR = 0.39, 95% CI [0.25–0.61], Z = 4.19, p < 0.0001), radiation esophagitis (RR = 0.68, 95% CI [0.50–0.93], Z = 2.42, p = 0.02), thrombocytopenia (RR = 0.92, 95% CI [0.12–0.66], Z = 2.95, p = 0.003), and hemoglobin reduction (RR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.35–0.79], Z = 3.14, p = 0.002); however, there was no statistically significant difference for the outcome of nausea and vomiting (RR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.36–1.03], Z = 1.85, p = 0.06) between two groups. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that the combination of JOEI and RT was associated with the more beneficial treatment for patients with EC compared with only receiving RT. However, more well-designed and multicenter RCTs should be carried out to confirm this finding because of the limitations of enrolled 11 RCTs.
Genome-Wide Detection of Major and Epistatic Effect QTLs for Seed Protein and Oil Content in Soybean Under Multiple Environments Using High-Density Bin Map

Seed protein and oil content are the two important traits determining the quality and value of soybean. Development of improved cultivars requires detailed understanding of the genetic basis underlying the trait of interest. However, it is prerequisite to have a high-density linkage map for precisely mapping genomic regions, and therefore the present study used high-density genetic map containing 2267 recombination bin markers distributed on 20 chromosomes and spanned 2453.79 cM with an average distance of 1.08 cM between markers using restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) approach. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of 104 lines derived from a cross between Linhefenqingdou and Meng 8206 cultivars was evaluated in six different environments to identify main- and epistatic-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs)as well as their interaction with environments. A total of 44 main-effect QTLs for protein and oil content were found to be distributed on 17 chromosomes, and 15 novel QTL were identified for the first time. Out of these QTLs, four were major and stable QTLs, viz., qPro-7-1, qOil-8-3, qOil-10-2 and qOil-10-4, detected in at least two environments plus combined environment with R2 values >10%. Within the physical intervals of these four QTLs, 111 candidate genes were screened for their direct or indirect involvement in seed protein and oil biosynthesis/metabolism processes based on gene ontology and annotation information. Based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data analysis, 15 of the 111 genes were highly expressed during seed development stage and root nodules that might be considered as the potential candidate genes. Seven QTLs associated with protein and oil content exhibited significant additive and additive × environment interaction effects, and environment-independent QTLs revealed higher additive effects. Moreover, three digenic epistatic QTLs pairs were identified, and no main-effect QTLs showed epistasis. In conclusion, the use of a high-density map identified closely linked flanking markers, provided better understanding of genetic architecture and candidate gene information, and revealed the scope available for improvement of soybean quality through marker assisted selection (MAS).
Brain Health and Dementia Prevention: A Mixed-method Analysis.

Objective: In this study, we assessed patient knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about brain health and strategies for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) prevention. Methods: We administered a Web-based survey consisting of 17 questions about brain health and strategies for ADRD prevention in a convenience sample of 1661 patients in an integrated healthcare delivery system in Washington state between February and March 2018. We calculated frequency distributions of the quantitative data and conducted inductive content analysis of qualitative data. Results: Most respondents were female (77%), 51-70 years of age (64%), and white (89%). Although most agreed it is possible to improve brain health and reduce personal ADRD risk, one- third lacked confidence that they could take action to reduce personal ADRD risk. Participants' responses to open-ended questions revealed 10 themes grouped into 3 organizing categories regarding their perceptions about how to prevent ADRD onset: (1) understand ADRD; (2) stay engaged; and (3) manage one's own health and healthcare. Conclusions: Survey respondents were engaged and aware of dementia prevention, but they lacked access to personally action- able evidence.