Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medidas de radiação solar e índice de área foliar em coberturas vegetais

A method by which a physical model of the solar radiation transfer in a vegetal medium is inverted to estimate the leaf area index (LAI) for different types of vegetation is presented here, as an alternative to the destructive experiments, which are a hard task to implement on the vegetation covers. Radiation data were obtained during the dry season — 1996, at the Embrapa Experimental Station, (BR 174 - km 54, 2° 31' S, 60o 01' W), Manaus, Brazil. The method yielded convergent values for the LAI between different adopted radiation classes with more stable estimates at time when there is a predominant diffuse radiation. The application of the inversion algorithm yields the following values for the leaf area index and respective annual foliage increments:3.5 (0.35 yr.-1) for the intact secondary forest; 2.0 (0.5 yr-1) for the palm agroforestry system; and 1.6 (0.4 yr-1) for the multi-layer ones.
Wear Resistance and Titanium Adhesion of Cathodic Arc Deposited Multi-Component Coatings for Carbide End Mills at the Trochoidal Milling of Titanium Alloy

The work was devoted to the study of the effectiveness of the application of multi-component coatings, TiN–Al/TiN, TiN–AlTiN/SiN, and CrTiN–AlTiN–AlTiCrN/SiN, obtained by cathodic arc deposition to increase the wear resistance of 6WH10F carbide end mills in trochoidal milling of titanium alloy. The surface morphology of the tool with coatings was studied using scanning electron microscopy, and surface roughness texture was estimated. Microhardness and elastic modulus of the coated carbide tool surface layer were determined by nanoindentation. The process of sticking titanium to the working surface of the tool and quantitative evaluation of end mill wear with multi-component coatings at the trochoidal strategy of milling titanium alloy was studied. The CrTiN–AlTiN–AlTiCrN/SiN coating showed the maximum value of the plasticity index at the level of 0.12. The maximum effect of reducing the wear rate was achieved when using a tool with a CrTiN –AlTiN–AlTiCrN/SiN coating when the operating time to failure of end mills was increased by 4.6 times compared to samples without coating, by 1.4 times compared with TiN–Al/TiN coating and 1.15 times compared with TiN–AlTiN/SiN coating.
WEB USER BEHAVIOR MODELING DISCOVERING BEHAVIOR PATTERNS AND ANALYSIS ON PATTERN ACCURACY

-Web personalization systems are designed to improve user experiences by offering tailor-made services like web recommendations, adaptive web sites, web-enabled learning platforms, personalized web search etc. based on user interests and preferences recorded at log files of web, proxy servers or browsers. Personalization has varied applications through fittest solution meeting the model complexity and prediction accuracy. In this paper, we propose a framework to discover meaningful user browsing pattern on the web and convert the identified pattern into knowledge involving the web site being analyzed. Supervised machine learning techniques are used for discovering patterns of potential interests. Both single-valued, Bayesian inference & two-valued representations (belief & disbelief pair) Dempster-Shafer is proposed for inference and comparative precision identification. Proposed model thus addresses identification of browsing pattern that are known or expected in prior as well new pattern formation. Also, pattern analysis technique aims at identifying comparative performance of two approaches of pattern analysis
Salinity duration and concentration affect fruit yield and quality, and growth and mineral composition of melon plants grown in perlite

The shortage of good quality water in semiarid zones necessitates the use of saline water for irrigation. In order to simulate the usage of brackish irrigation water in greenhouse melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Galia) culture in perlite, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0 (control), 20, 40, and 60 mM NaCI applied at four different times. Treatments were applied during early vegetative growth [14 days after transplanting (DAT)], beginning of flowering (37 DAT), beginning of fruit set (56 DAT), and beginning of fruit ripening (71 DAT). All vegetative and fruit yield parameters were significantly reduced when salinization was started 14 DAT. This inhibitory effect of salinity was progressively lessened when salinity was imposed at later dates. This suggests that the response of melons to salinity depends on the duration of exposure to saline water. Salinity treatments increased fruit reducing sugars, acidity, and total soluble solids. Fruit yield reduction at each salinization time was correlated with salinity levels, but there was some evidence of a nutrient imbalance, since leaf concentrations of N-NO 3 , and especially K, were low at higher salinities. These results indicate that brackish waters can be used for growing melon with minimum yield losses if concentration and duration of exposure are carefully monitored.
Biosynthèse de l'ubiquinone : étude biochimique de Coq6 de S. cerevisiae, impliquée dans l'hydroxylation en C-5

L'ubiquinone, ou coenzyme Q, est une molecule lipophile polyisoprenyle presente dans toutes les membranes biologiques chez les eucaryotes et composee d'un noyau aromatique actif de facon redox et d'une chaine grasse. Elle joue un role clef dans la chaine respiratoire et est un important antioxydant membranaire. Chez l'homme, des pathologies severes sont associees a des mutations de genes de la biosynthese de l'ubiquinone. Chez S. cerevisiae, la biosynthese de l'ubiquinone est realisee par un complexe multiproteique situe a la membrane interne mitochondriale. Certaines etapes de cette voie de biosynthese ne sont pas encore connues et tres peu ont ete caracterisees in vitro. L'etude presentee ici a permis d'ameliorer la comprehension de l'etape d'hydroxylation en C-5 a laquelle sont associes Coq6, monooxygenase a flavine, ainsi que Arh1 et Yah1, une adrenodoxine reductase et une adrenodoxine. Nous avons realise la premiere purification de Coq6 de S. cerevisiae avec son cofacteur flavinique et nous avons demontre in vitro l'existence d'une chaine de transfert d'electrons du NADPH au FAD de Coq6 via l'homologue humain de Arh1 et Yah1. Les etudes enzymatiques menees avec differents analogues de substrats synthetises n'ont pas permis de detecter d'activite enzymatique de Coq6 dans les conditions utilisees. Des etudes preliminaires de fluorescence nous ont neanmoins permis d'avancer une hypothese quant au substrat de Coq6, qui n'est pas connu avec certitude. Nous avons egalement realise une caracterisation cinetique de la reduction du FAD de l'homologue humain de Arh1 par le NADH et le NADPH, revelant ainsi son comportement particulier avec le NADPH, notamment en presence de Mg2+.
Effects of the physical form of diet on growth performance, ascites and sudden death syndrome incidences in broiler chickens

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of the diet physical form, Mash (M), Pellet (P) and Extruded (E) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and metabolic disorders ascites (AS) and as well as sudden death syndrome (SDS) in the broiler chickens. In this respect, feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG) and mortality were recorded throughout the experiment and biochemical parameters, hematology and carcass characteristics were tested at 35 and 42 days of age respectively. The results showed that with the increase of the average daily weight gain (ADWG) (p<0.01), the relative breast weight to the carcass weight (p<0.05), better feed conversion ratio (p<0.01), the lower relative cecum weight and gizzard to the carcass weight (p<0.05) were observed by applying the E diet form, as compared with the other treatments. A significant increase in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) was also observed by using the P diet form (p<0.01). Hematological parameters including hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), urea, uric acid, triglyceride, the ratio of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the blood serum were lowered by applying the M treatment, as compared with the other treatments (p<0.05). The results indicated that the performance and carcass characteristics were improved by the E and P diet forms; also, with raising the hematology parameters in these treatments, the mortality of ascites and SDS was increased.
Communication-Aware Robotics: Exploiting Motion for Communication

In this review, we present a comprehensive perspective on communication-aware robotics, an area that considers realistic communication environments and aims to jointly optimize communication and navigation. The main focus of the article is theoretical characterization and understanding of performance guarantees. We begin by summarizing the best prediction an unmanned vehicle can have of the channel quality at unvisited locations. We then consider the case of a single robot, showing how it can mathematically characterize the statistics of its traveled distance until connectivity and further plan its path to reach a connected location with optimality guarantees, in real channel environments and with minimum energy consumption. We then move to the case of multiple robots, showing how they can utilize their motions to enable robust information flow. We consider two specific robotic network configurations—robotic beamformers and robotic routers—and mathematically characterize properties of the co-optimum motion–communication decisions.
Light and electron microscopic studies on the oesophageal epithelium of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

: The oesophageal epithelium of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, showed a gradual transition from stratified cuboidal type containing mainly filament-containing cells and globular Type I mucous cells anteriorly to a simple columnar type composed entirely of Type II mucous cells distally. Taste buds were present in the anterior portion; mucous glands were located in the lamina propria in the middle portion and these were replaced with gastric-type glands in the terminal portion. Type I mucous cells severally produced neutral, carboxylated and sulphated mucosubstances while each Type II cell produced all the three types of mucosubstance. In the higher layers of the anterior multilaminar epithelium, the cytoplasm of the filament-containing cells contained numerous small vesicles with cores of flocculent material and the luminal aspects of the surface cells bore microridges. The vesicles contained in Types I and II mucous cells differed in size, arrangement and mode of release. These findings suggest that there is maximal development of protective features, both structural and lubricatory , which aid the oesophagus in the conduction of food materials. Additional sensory and digestive functions are also indicated.
Ausgewählte Aspekte zur Ökologie von Filago vulgaris Lam. in Schleswig-Holstein: Bestäubung, Keimung und Populationsdynamik einer unscheinbaren Art

Selected aspects to the ecology of Filago vulgaris Lam. in Schleswig-Holstein: Poll ination, germination and population dynamics of an inconspicuous species The annual species common cudweed (Filago vulgaris) is mostly found in older gravel-pits or at other open patches of early successional stages and with mostly sandy and gravelly soil . Four different populations were considered for ecological investigations. A small population (less than 100 individuals) in a gravel-pit with partially continuous active digging in the upper Eider valley near Schmalstede (UG 1) and a large population (several thousand individuals) in a former gravel-pit close to the Rastorfer Kreuz (UG 2) were considered for polli nation experiments. At the Hemmelmarker Strand (UG 3), a barrier beach near Eckernförde, in the upper Eider valley near Flintbek (UG 4), an old shut-down gravel-pit, and at UG 2, investigations concerning the population dynamics of Filago vulgaris were accomplished. In addition, seeds of individuals growing at UG 2 were used for a germination experiment carried out in the laboratory. In order to produce ripe and germinable seeds, Filago vulgaris is not dependent on outcrossing. It was able to produce seeds with polli nation vectors such as arthropods and wind being eperimentally excluded. Thus
Managing Biodiversity with Emphasis on Sustainable Development

The biodiversity, which makes our lives both pleasurable and probable. No one knows precisely how many species arise on our world. According to specialist the total number of species on earth is in between 10 million to 80 million. We have been capable to procure only 1.4 million species so far. India has a flora of its possess and concerning 15000 species are widespread in this region. However biodiversity loss is continuing as a serious worry in many countries including India. Human population increase, indefensible consumerism, augmenting liberate of waste and pollutants, urbanization, international conflicts and unfairness in giving out of wealth and resources are presently being viewed in totality to ameliorate environmental problems as well as to make sure the potential of life on earth. Biodiversity is an umbrella expression acceptance numbers, assortment and variability of living organisms, the sum total of genetic materials within the organisms and the ecosystems in which they take place. Asia was the most horrible influence in terms of casualties owing to natural disasters - 65% of those killed in 2012 were Asians. Study conducted by specialist that 70% of worldwide genetic diversity of crop plants has already been gone during the last century owing to preface of elevated yielding and hybrid varieties of crops. Pollution has risen in numerous developing countries including India with elevated economic growth, as superiority of environment is ignored in favor of economic achievement. According to Global Ecology and Biogeography that global warming will make quite a lot of species of lizard go away extinct within the next 50 years. In India biodiversity is critical not only because it provides rather a few goods as well as services indispensable for human endurance, other than as well for the reason that it is unswervingly associated by means of as long as livelihoods on the way to along with improving socio-economic conditions of millions of our populace, consequently contributing to sustainable development in adding together to scarcity alleviation.
The origin of vertebrate steroids in molluscs: uptake, metabolism and depuration studies in the common mussel

2 List of Tables . 12 List of Figures . 13 Acknowledgement . 17 Author’s Declaration . 19 Definitions/Abbreviations . 20 1 Chapter 1 . 22 General introduction . 22 Are vertebrate steroids present in molluscs and, if so, are they of endogenous or exogenous origin? 22 1.1 Bivalve Physiology . 23 1.2 Evidence of the presence of steroids in molluscs . 24 1.2. 1 Why is measurement of free steroids inadequate? 24 1.2. 2 Is choice of method important? 25 1.2. 3 Evidence for bioaccumulation of steroids . 27 1.2. 4 Do steroid levels change with maturation cycles? 28 1.3 Evidence for biosynthesis of vertebrate-like steroids . 33 1.3. 1 The strength of the evidence for steroid interconversions . 36 1.3. 1.1 Could esterification explain low yields in some biosynthesis experiments? 39 1.3. 1.2 Molecular biological evidence to support steroid interconversions . 40 1.4 Evidence of steroid receptor presence and activity in molluscs . 44 1.4. 1 Do molluscs have steroid receptors? 45 1.4. 2 Are these receptors functional? 46 1.5 Evidence for biological activity . 48 1.5. 1 Does exposure to oestrogens affect transcription of mER-like? 48 1.5. 1.1 Does VTG serve as an oestrogen exposure biomarker in molluscs? 50 1.6 Objectives of this thesis . 53 2 Chapter 2 . 70 Method Development . 70 2.
Primate populations in continuous forest and forest fragments in Central Amazonia

Population densities of six primate species (Saguinus midas, Pithecia pithecia, Cebus apella, Chiropotes satanas, Alouatta seniculus and Ateles paniscus) were estimated in continuous forest and in isolated reserves (one of 100 ha and four of 10 ha). Saguinusdensities in the continuous forest were found to be low, probably due to the lack of edge habitat and second growth favoured by them; Pithecia, Cebus and Ateles populations are also low, possibly because of more widely distributed and/or less abundant food sources than is true for other Amazonian regions, although hunting in the past, particularly of Ateles may also be a contributing factor; and Chiropotes and Alouatta densities were found to be similar to those observed in other areas of Amazonas forests. Ateles and Chiropotes, which occupy ranges on the order of three km2 were excluded from the 100-ka reserve at the time of its isolation. Unfortunately populations were not known prior to isolation of this reserve but during isolation there remained four groups of Saguinus, two Pitheciagroups, one Cebus groups and five Alouatta groups. One Saguinus group disappeared two months later, and one year post-isolation the Cebus group also left the reserve. Single Alouatta groups survive in the isolated 10-ha reserves. Saguinus, present in the four 10-ha reserves following isolation, have disappeared from two of them. One 10-ha reserve retains a group of Pithecia.
Genetic Variability for Morphological Traits in Released Varieties of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Partially Reclaimed Saline-Sodic Soil

Morphological traits of barley showed differences among varieties released for different uses and climatic zones. Understanding these morphological variations is an important part for development of crop models for different purposes, and to know the plant worth. Narrow and waxy leaves are good indication for tolerant to abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, alkalinity and rainfed situation. Sixty four released varieties of barley were grown under partially reclaimed saline-sodic soil, under irrigated conditions during rabi 2010–11 showing wide spectrum of variation for various characters. The characters studied for morphological variation were - growth habit, morphology of leaf, presence of anthocyanin pigmentation, spikelet arrangement, presence of awn, tip sterility, waxiness on leaf, seed colour and seed shape. The characters studied for yield were namely plant height, days to maturity, fertile tillers/plant, length of main spike, grains per main spike, 1000-grains weight, grain yield per plant. The data on seven yield traits used for estimation of mean, range and least significant differences. Based on this study eight varieties selected were - RD-2552, HBL-276, RD-2592, PL-419, Kedar, PL-751, JB-58, K-508 produced higher grain yield plant−1.
Stability of anthocyanins from grape (Vitis vinifera L.) skins with tannic acid in a model system

The stability of the anthocyanins in nature is assumed to be the consequence of anthocyanins complexing with colourless compounds called copigments. Organic acids, among other substances, can act as anthocyanin copigments. In this study tannic acid was used as a copigment with the anthocyanin crude extract from Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes. Anthocyanin stability was investigated with and without the addition of tannic acid under different storage conditions in model and beverage systems. The results revealed that pH, temperature, presence of light and presence of oxygen significantly influenced anthocyanin stability. The addition of tannic acid (1: 1, w/v) significantly (p<0.01) increased the half-life time of anthocyanin in a model system, with very similar results to those obtained in the rehydrated beverages. The model system kept at pH 3.0, in the dark, in the presence of nitrogen and 4±1°C had longer half-life times and higher colour retention percentage values. When tannic acid was added (1:1, w/v) to the rehydrated beverage samples at 4±1°C, the half-life time of the anthocyanins increased by 244 hours.
Enzyme Supplementation of Broiler Feeds with Reduced Mineral and Energy Levels

An experiment was conducted with the purpose of evaluating enzyme blends on the performance, carcass traits, and bone mineralization of broilers. In total, 928 one-day-old Cobb 500 male chicks of were used. A completely randomized design with four treatments with eight replicates of 29 birds each was adopted. The evaluated treatments were: 1- Positive Control (PC), feed containing the nutritional recommendations of the genetic company's manual; 2- Negative Control (NC), feed with reductions of 75 kcal/kg AME and 0.10 and 0.12 percent points of phosphorus and calcium, respectively; 3 - NC + enzyme blend (amylase + b-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase; 250 g/t of feed) and 4 - NC + enzyme complex (phytase, amylase, xylanase, glucanase, pectinase, cellulase, and protease; 200 g/t of feed). Birds fed the diet with reduced nutrient levels (NC) presented the worst performance (p 0.05) carcass or parts yields. The broilers fed the reduced-nutrient and energy diet presented lower (p<0.05) tibial ash, calcium, and phosphorus contents that the other treatments. The use of enzyme combinations improved the performance of broilers fed diets with reduced nutrient and energy levels.
Preservice Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in the Teaching of Science at Basic Schools in Ghana

Many researchers emphasize the need to look at teacher self-efficacy in preservice teacher preparation and training for the teaching profession. The purpose of this study was to explore science teachers’ efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers who are enrolled in general programme and those enrolled in science programme at a college of education in Ghana. Data for the study were collected from a total number of 227 preservice teachers using Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument (STEB-B). Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics specifically mean and standard deviation and t-test. The results indicated that preservice teachers had high science teaching efficacy however, those who are enrolled in science programme were efficacious than their counterpart in the general programme. Also there was a statistically significant difference in gender on the preservice teachers' science teaching efficacy beliefs. Keywords: Self-efficacy, preservice teacher, science teaching, science programme, general programme. DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-22-12 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
[Lipid peroxidation and activity of diagnostically important blood enzymes in rats during 35 days head-down suspension].

: In the experiment with 35-d head-down suspension of rats concentrations of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products and values of antioxidant defense (AOD) parameters were determined in the lever, skeletal muscles, myocardium, and blood plasma. In addition, activity of 11 plasma enzymes characteristics of these tissues was evaluated. LPO was found to be activated in the lever, myocardium and skeletal muscles in the first and 4-5 weeks of suspension. The period between weeks 2 and 4 marked phase variation of LPO intensity which could have baseline or increased values. Plasma LPO was inhibited due to AOD activation pointing to compensatory processes on the level of organism and absence of pathologies in the organs and tissues under study. As a rule, activity of the plasma enzymes directly or indirectly participating in energy metabolism was reduced. Enzymes-catalysts of other types of metabolism predominantly elevated activity during LPO intensification. Canonic analysis established a significant correlation of LPO, AOD and activity of plasma enzymes, and LPO and AOD in the rat's lever and plasma enzymes. These correlations between LPO, AOD and activity of diagnostically important enzymes can be used to diagnose and predict changes in the state of organism caused by simulated factors of space flight.