Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Packaging Shape on the Distribution of Electric and Magnetic Fields and SAR Induced in 3D Models of Water Containers

In this study, two software packages using different numerical techniques—FEKO 6.3 with FiniteElement Method (FEM) and XFDTD 7 with Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD)—were used to assess exposure of 3D models of square-, rectangular-, spherical- and pyramidal-shaped water containers to electromagnetic waves at 300, 900, and 2400 MHz frequencies. Using the FEM simulation technique, the peak electric field of 25, 4.5, 3, and 2 V/m at 300 MHz and 15.75, 1.5, 1.8 and 1.75 V/m at 900 MHz were observed in pyramidal-, rectangular-, spherical-, and squareshaped 3D container models, respectively. The FDTD simulation method confirmed a peak electric field of 12.782, 10.907, 0.81867 and 10.625 V/m at 2400 MHz in the pyramidal-, square-, spherical-, and rectangular-shaped 3D models, respectively. The study demonstrated an exceptionally high level of electric field in the water in the two identical pyramid-shaped 3D models analyzed using the two different simulation techniques. Both FEM and FDTD simulation techniques indicated variations in the distribution of electric, magnetic fields, and specific absorption rate of water stored inside the 3D container models. The study successfully demonstrated that shape and dimensions of 3D models significantly influence the electric and magnetic fields inside packaged materials; thus, specific absorption rates in the stored water vary according to the shape and dimensions of the packaging materials.
Who Switched at the Big Switch and Why

The Big Switch enabled the observation of over a hundred thousand ‘real’ switching decisions by participants in a collective switching exercise in 2012. This report presents some of the findings and early analysis. Our main initial findings are that: 1. The probability of switching rises with increases in the gains available; 2. Despite substantial gains available (median value around a tenth of the bill), and very little further effort required to switch, only a third of participants switched supplier; 3. Participants who saw two offers were less likely to switch than those who saw only one.
Assessing the total energy impact of occupant behavioural response to manual and automated lighting systems

Behavioural models derived from on-going field studies can provide the basis for predicting personal action taken to adjust lighting levels or remedy direct glare in response to physical conditions. SHOCC, a sub-hourly occupancy-based control model, provides building energy simulation programs, such as ESP-r, access to advanced behavioural models, such as the Lightswitch2002 algorithms intended for manual and automated lighting systems. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through annual energy simulations aiming at quantifying the total energy impact of manual control over lights and window blinds. Results show that by enabling manual control, as opposed to using predefined lighting profiles for core zones, total primary energy expenditure is reduced by as much as 62%. This underlines the importance of defining suitable reference cases for benchmarking the performance of automated lighting controls. Results also show that reduced lighting use through automated control may not always produce anticipated savings in primary energy for indoor climate control; in some cases, reduced lighting use is shown to even increase primary energy expenditure for indoor climate control, trimming down initial primary energy savings in lighting alone. This supports the use of integrated approaches rather than simple guidelines in designing lighting solutions.
HIGH SELECTIVITY DUAL-MODE BANDPASS FILTER WITH SOURCE-LOADED COUPLING

In this letter, a novel high selectivity microstrip fllter with source-loaded coupling is proposed using the dual-mode resonator. The resonator can generate one odd mode and one even mode in the desired band. The folded stepped-impedance open stub at the central plane can control the even mode resonant frequencies, whereas the odd mode ones are flxed. A transmission zero is created near the lower cut-ofi frequency due to the main path signal counteraction. Two additional transmission zeros attributed to source-loaded coupling are generated near the upper cut-ofi frequency and in the upper-stopband. A dual- mode fllter prototype is simulated, fabricated and measured. The EM simulated and measured results are presented and excellent agreement is obtained.
Research priorities in park tourism

Park tourism is a large and important activity on which a substantial body of research work has been published. This paper reviews that work in the light of the issues now faced by parks and park tourism, and argues that there are significant research gaps that urgently need additional work. The paper outlines 10 such areas, including: visitor use monitoring; park tourism economic impact monitoring; park finance; professional competencies for tourism management; building public support; visitor satisfaction; licenses, permits, leases, and concessions for tourism; pricing policies; management capacity; and park tourism governance. The paper suggests that work in these areas is so important that the long term political and social relevance, effective management and sustainable future of many parks and protected areas depend on the results. It points to the park creation phase being over after about 150 years of growth, and the need to move more effectively into the long-term management phase. A number of key questions arise. The numerous parks must fulfill their conservation mandate and they must be financially secure. They almost certainly must forge links to tourism, yet not be dominated by tourism's demands, creating, therefore, a new and sustainable research-based relationship.
An Improved Wavelet‐Based Multivariable Fault Detection Scheme

Data observed from environmental and engineering processes are usually noisy and correlated in time, which makes the fault detection more difficult as the presence of noise degrades fault detection quality. Multiscale representation of data using wavelets is a powerful feature extraction tool that is well suited to denoising and decorrelating time series data. In this chapter, we combine the advantages of multiscale partial least squares (MSPLSs) modeling with those of the univariate EWMA (exponentially weighted moving average) monitoring chart, which results in an improved fault detection system, especially for detecting small faults in highly correlated, multivariate data. Toward this end, we applied EWMA chart to the output residuals obtained from MSPLS model. It is shown through simulated distillation column data the significant improvement in fault detection can be obtained by using the proposed methods as compared to the use of the conventional partial least square (PLS)-based Q and EWMAmethods and MSPLS-based Q method.
Nonlinear Structural Identification Using a Multi-Harmonic Frequency Response Functions

In industrial structural dynamics problems, linear FE-models commonly serve to represent the global structural behavior. However, when test data are available they often show evidence of nonlinear dynamic characteristics. In that case, an initial linear model may be judged insufficient in representing the dynamics of the structure. The causes of the non-linear characteristics may be local in nature whereas the major part of the structure is satisfactorily represented by linear descriptions. Although the initial model can serve as a good foundation, all physical properties required for representing the real structure with high fidelity are most likely not included in the initial model. Therefore, a set of parameterized candidate properties controlling the nonlinear effects have to be added. The selection of the candidates is a delicate task which must be based on insight into the physical processes that control the structure at hand. The focus of this thesis is on the selection of uncertain model parameters together with the forming of the objective function to be used for calibration. To give precise estimation of parameters in the presence of measurement noise, the objective function data have to be informative with respect to the selected parameters. Also, to get useful test data for calibration, the system stimuli need to be properly designed. A multi-harmonic stationary sinusoidal excitation is here considered since the corresponding steady-state responses at the different harmonic orders are shown to contain valuable information for the calibration process.
Government Size and Trust

Abstract This paper uses individual level data from the Japanese General Social Survey to examine how government size influences generalized trust. After controlling for the endogeneity of government size using instrumental variables, I found: (1) using all samples, government size is not associated with generalized trust, and (2) after splitting the sample into workers and non-workers, government size does not influence generalized trust for non-workers, whereas it significantly reduces generalized trust for workers. This suggests that workers, through their work experience, might have to face greater bureaucratic red tape coming from “larger government,” leading to negative externality effects on relationships of trust in the labor market.
Multistep autoregressive reconstruction of seismic records

Linear prediction filters in the f-x domain are widely used to interpolate regularly sampled data. We study the problem of reconstructing irregularly missing data on a regular grid using linear prediction filters. We propose a two-stage algorithm. First, we reconstruct the unaliased part of the data spectrum using a Fourier method (minimum-weighted norm interpolation). Then, prediction filters for all the frequencies are extracted from the reconstructed low frequencies. The latter is implemented via a multistep autoregressive (MSAR) algorithm. Finally, these prediction filters are used to reconstruct the complete data in the f-x domain. The applicability of the proposed method is examined using synthetic and field data examples.
Evolution of Viscoelasticity through Sol-Gel Transition of Polyacrylonitrile/Dimethylacetamide Solution : Power Law Relaxation observable with Characteristic Frequency Window

Thermally induced gelation of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) solution in dimethylacetamide was studied through dynamic viscoelasticity measurements. PAN gel were prepared by the freezing(–50°C) and thawing(25°C) method. The evolution of G'(ω) and G"(ω) data in the process of gelation is observed and the critical behaviour is obtained around the sol-gel threshold in which the power law of G'(ω)~G"(ω)∝ ω n holds. The evolution in the gelation can be interpreted through the dynamic viscosity, in which characteristic frequency window is defined in connection with the formation of PAN network. The relation between the frequency and the correlation length is also found. The correlation length characterise the size of the cluster formed by the aggregation of PAN chain in pre-gel state, and also characterise the size of regions within the network
A Proposed Holistic Approach to the Critical Analysis of Online News Reports

This study proposes a new holistic approach that accounts for the multi-layered structure of online news reports. The approach consists of two phases of analysis. The journalistic phase examines the headline, semiotics, and text of the report while the societal reception phase examines the comments that readers make as a response to the news report. Consequently, unlike previous frameworks of CDA, this approach finds a balance between the analysis of discourse production and discourse reception. To demonstrate the approach, we analysed an online news report from CNN about the Saudi ban on women to drive. The analysis shows that although the journalistic phase focuses on the courageous acts of Saudi women who are defying the ban to achieve equality in Saudi Arabia, the societal reception phase results are characterised by racist discourse against Islam and Muslims in general.
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE STATUS OF THE ECOLOGY OF HARD BOTTOM BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN BRAZIL AND THE NEED FOR NEW APPROACHES

Since most environments on the planet are being threatened by anthropogenic activities, the ecological characterization and monitoring of extensive areas becomes urgent. In Brazil, 33 papers dealing with descriptive ecology of hard bottom communities were published, characterizing a total area of about 3,550m 2 . Most of these studies focused on the midlittoral zone, employed transect sampling methods and considered species as the operational units. Data obtained this way is finely detailed, but cannot be extrapolated to the whole area being studied. This happens not only in Brazil, but all over the world, and the amount of sampled area is way below desirable levels. Some studies proposed the employement of functional-form groups, higher taxonomic ranks or considered dominant species to increase the sampling velocity. Time-saving approaches in association with random sampling, photographic and remote sensing techniques are a feasible alternative to increase the size of the sampled area and consequently our knowledge about the environment being studied. The “Physiognomic Assessment” method is one of these alternatives and it made possible the characterization of 29,605m 2 of rocky shores over a five-year period.
A Generalized Bidiagonal-Tikhonov Method Applied To Differential Phase Contrast Tomography

Phase contrast tomography is an alternative to classic absorption contrast tomography that leads to higher contrast reconstructions in many applications. We review how phase contrast data can be acquired by using a combination of phase and absorption gratings. Using algebraic reconstruction techniques the object can be reconstructed from the measured data. In order to solve the resulting linear system we propose the Generalized Bidiagonal Tikhonov (GBiT) method, an adaptation of the generalized Arnoldi-Tikhonov method that uses the bidiagonal decomposition of the matrix instead of the Arnoldi decomposition. We also study the effect of the finite difference operator in the model by examining the reconstructions with either a forward difference or a central difference approximation. We validate our conclusions with simulated and experimental data.
A Comparative Case Analysis of IT Governance Practices : IT Principles Perspective

In recent years, research has begun to place greater emphasis on the strategic use of IT in seeking to build firm`s capability, thus innovating firm`s business value. Many leading firms have been put efforts to formulate and implement IT governance (ITG) structures, processes, and mechanisms for firm`s IT activities. However, recent literatures reviews found that ITG framework have been discussed independently rather than in an integrated and on convergent manner failing to provide comprehensive conceptual framework. The objective of this paper is therefore, to develop a conceptual framework that enable to conduct a comparative ITG case studies. The proposed framework, developed by one of author, has extensively applied in real case study to validate its usefulness and also aims to contribute practitioners to understand how well IT principles are formed within the organization as well as corelate with ITG objectives and ITG execution.
Sub-picosecond polarization conversion wi th plasmonic crystals

Ultrafast polarization state alteration is observed in optical response of a plasmonic nanograting by means of sub-picosecond time-resolved polarimetry. Simultaneous measurement of Stokes parame- ters as a function of time with a time-gate of 130 fs reveals a significant conversion of polarization state in a single pulse when the incident polarization is oriented at 45 ◦ to the sample's optical axis. The effect is attributed to the excitation of the long-living surface plasmon-polaritons under the plas- monic bandgap condition. 2. Results The samples of plasmonic nanogratings were fabricated by thermal sputtering of 50-nm gold layer onto a polymer diffraction grating with the period of 1. 6µm made by means of nanoimprint lithography. The period of the structure was chosen to match the SP resonances to the central wavelength of � = 1. 56µm of the femtosecond laser source. The reflection spectra of the sample under different angles of incidence reveal the minima associated with the band structure of SPs coupled onto the surface of the film via the 1st and −1st diffraction orders. The plasmonic bandgap is seen at the intersection between the plasmonic modes. The bandgap width is�� = 67 nm, ��/� ≃ 0.04 which is comparable with previous results on linear spectroscopy of plasmonic crystals. The CW polarization properties of the plasmonic crystal under study were measured using the spectrally- resolved ellipsometry setup based on a photoelastic modulator. The ellipsometric measurements provide two quantities: �(�) and'(�). Here, �(�) stands for the ratio between the field reflection coefficients of p-polarized and s-polarized light or linear dichroism; '(�) is the phase delay introduced into one of these states or linear birefringence. The dichroism spectrum �(�) demonstrates two minima corresponding to Metamaterials '2011: The Fifth International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics
Effects of Therapeutic Touch on Pain, Function and Well Being in Persons with Osteo-Arthritis of the Knee: A Pilot Study

Objective: To determine the effects of therapeutic touch treatments on pain, level of function, and quality of life in people with osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: Persons with osteoarthritis of the knee were enrolled in a single-blinded study and randomized into a control group receiving usual treatment and a treatment group to receive two therapeutic touch treatments a week for eight weeks. Subjects were evaluated at baseline, eight weeks and 12 weeks for pain, function, and quality of life using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short Form (SF36), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) and the Knee Society Score (KSS). Results:Of the 60 subjects enrolled, 48 completed the study. A significant improvement in pain was found between groups in the SF36 between baseline and 8 weeks (p = 0.009). The differences in total physical function between baseline and 8 weeks (p = 0.006) and between baseline and 12 weeks (p = 0.001) were statistically significant in the WOMAC. Pain scores at 8 and 12 weeks improved significantly (p=0.010) in the treatment group compared to the control group in the KSS subscales. Conclusion:Findings in this study indicate that therapeutic touch applied twice a week for eight weeks decreases pain and stiffness of osteoarthritis in the knee. Therapeutic touch does not appear to affect range of motion or stability of the knee as indicated by the examination results of the KSS.
A new method for video object tracking

In this paper, a new video moving object tracking method is proposed. In initialization, a moving object selected by the user is segmented and the dominant color is extracted from the segmented target. In tracking step, a motion model is constructed to set the system model of adaptive Kalman filter firstly. Then, the dominant color of the moving object in HSI color space will be used as feature to detect the moving object in the consecutive video frames. The detected result is fed back as the measurement of adaptive Kalman filter and the estimate parameters of adaptive Kalman filter are adjusted by occlusion ratio adaptively. The proposed method has the robust ability to track the moving object in the consecutive frames under some kinds of real-world complex situations such as the moving object disappearing totally or partially due to occlusion by other ones, fast moving object, changing lighting, changing the direction and orientation of the moving object, and changing the velocity of moving object suddenly. The proposed method is an efficient video object tracking algorithm.
Effect of P Addition on the Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Ni-Co-Fe-P Coatings

The thermal stability of nanocrystalline Ni-Co-Fe-P coatings with phosphorus content up to 3.38 wt% prepared by pulsed electrodepostion was studied using XRD, TEM and DSC. It is found that multi-component alloying does improve the thermal stability of nanocrystalline coatings due to a “solution drag effect”. For nanocrystalline Ni-40.41%Co-6.16%Fe-1.63%P coating, P-atoms segregate the grain boundaries during annealing which leads to a higher thermal stability. While due to the higher initial P-concentration in Ni-30.1%Co-2.15%Fe-3.38%P, saturation of P and precipitation occurs earlier leading to a slightly lower stability.
Prepared for submission to JHEP KOBE-COSMO-1804 , MAD-TH-1802 Higgs Mechanism in Nonlocal Field Theories

We study spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking and the Higgs mechanism in nonlocal field theories. Motivated by the level truncated action of string field theory, we consider a class of nonlocal field theories with an exponential factor of the d’Alembertian attached to the kinetic and mass terms. Modifications of this kind are known to make mild the UV behavior of loop diagrams and thus have been studied not only in the context of string theory but also as an alternative approach to quantum gravity. In this paper we argue that such a nonlocal theory potentially includes a ghost mode near the nonlocal scale in the particle spectrum of the symmetry broken phase. This is in sharp contrast to local field theories and would be an obstruction to making a simple nonlocal model a UV complete theory. We then discuss a possible way out by studying nonlocal theories with extra symmetries such as gauge symmetries in higher spacetime dimensions. ar X iv :1 80 5. 02 67 6v 2 [ he pth ] 8 O ct 2 01 8
Balancing public and private interests through optimization of concession agreement design for user-pay PPP projects

In user-pay public private partnership (PPP) projects, private sectors collect user fees to cover cost and reap revenue. For projects that cannot be self-financed, public sectors usually invest public funds to make them financially feasible. The concession agreement allocates revenues and risks, and lies in the center of balancing public and private interests. However, stakeholders may have contrary opinions regarding the optimization of concession agreement. While private sectors are concerned about earning money, public sectors pay more attention to the efficient use of public funds. To address this challenge, this paper firstly identifies several key concessionary items, including concession period, concession price, capital structure and government subsidy. Then, a multi-objective optimization model is presented using discounted cash flow method, in which key concessionary items act as decision variables and public and private interests are represented by two sub-objectives. Subsequently, the model is solved using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Furthermore, a numerical case based on Beijing No. 4 Metro Line is provided to demonstrate the application of the model. Results show that the proposed model can produce a series of viable combinations of concessionary items that balance public and private interests, which provides practical references for relative decision making activities.
Fourier, Gauss, Fraunhofer, Porod and the shape from moments problem

We show how the Fourier transform of a shape in any number of dimensions can be simplified using Gauss's law and evaluated explicitly for polygons in two dimensions, polyhedra in three dimensions, etc. We also show how this combination of Fourier and Gauss can be related to numerous classical problems in physics and mathematics. Examples include Fraunhofer diffraction patterns, Porod's law, the shape from moments problem, and Davis's extension of the Motzkin-Schoenberg formula to polygons in the complex plane