Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Column anion arrangements in chemically zoned ternary chlorapatite and fluorapatite from Kurokura, Japan

Abstract The substitution of F, OH, and Cl in apatite has recently gained increased attention due to the complex nature of incorporation of these three constituents and the implications of apatite column anion chemistry, such as apatite’s contribution to the water budget of the Moon and Mars and the use of apatite anion chemistry as an indicator of halogen and water activities. The solid solutions among F, OH, and Cl are complex because the end-member atomic arrangements cannot fully explain the ternary and binary substitutions of these constituents due to differing atomic radii and the resulting steric constraints in the structure. Three structural variations have recently been reported for the OH-Cl binary solid solution in synthetic samples. This study elucidates column anion arrangements in a chemically zoned ternary apatite from Kurokura, Japan. The structures of the compositionally different core and rim were solved (R1 = 0.0158 and R1 = 0.0143, respectively) in space group P63/m using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The chemistry of these apatites was analyzed using electron microprobe analysis and crystal structure refinement. The core of the Kurokura crystal is a naturally occurring example of the OH ≈ Cl apatite structural variation in a ternary chlorapatite, with four column anion sites (one for F, two for Cl and one for both OH and Cl). The rim exhibits a previously unseen apatite structural variation in a ternary OH-rich fluorapatite (with only a trace Cl component) with three column anion sites (one each for F, OH, and Cl). Both structural variations show a splitting of the Ca2 site that enables reasonable column anion bond distances with Ca2 atoms. A sequence of anions that provides reasonable anion-anion distances while simultaneously enabling reversal of the anion sites relative to the mirror planes at z = ¼ and z = ¾ exists for both structure variations. This study demonstrates the structural complexity of natural ternary apatites, and that a structural variety of OH-Cl apatite occurs over a wider range of chemistry than initially anticipated. The results have implications regarding the poorly understood (and potentially complex) crystallization history of apatite from Kurokura, Japan.
Analysis of the Influence of Factors on the Gross Regional Product of Russian Regions

The main indicator of socio-economic development of the region is still the gross regional product. It is most susceptible to changes in the methodological indicator. The relevance research of influence of factors on the dynamics of GRP is caused by the need for their systematic analysis. The purpose of this work is to determine the degree of influence of factors on the growth of GRP and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the economic development regions. To achieve this goal, four main factors were previously identified: agglomeration, labor, capital and infrastructure, and for eight synthetic indicators that characterize them, their integral values were calculated, which, along with the GRP per capita indicator, were used in the classification of regions by the level of economic development based on cluster analysis. In accordance with the developed classification, coefficients of regression equations are calculated for each group of regions, in which the effective indicator is GRP per capita, and integral indicators of factors are used as explanatory indicators. In conclusion, based on the obtained regression equations, the factors that have the greatest impact on the GRP per capita are determined, and the features of economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation are revealed.
Heat Treatment Effect on the Surface Properties of Carbon Cloth Electrode for Microbial Fuel Cell

In this study, we investigate the effect of heat treatment on the surface properties of carbon cloth electrodes and on the power generation efficiencies of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) configured with the heat-treated carbon cloth electrodes. Water contact angle measurements show that the hydrophobic surfaces of the carbon cloth became super-hydrophilic after heat treatment at a temperature above 500 °C, making it suitable for bacterial propagation. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry revealed that the signal of the C-O functional group of the carbon cloth electrodes increased in intensity after heat treatment. The MFCs configured with heat-treated carbon cloth electrode exhibited high power density of 16.58 mW/m2, whereas that of the untreated MFCs was only 8.86 mW m2. Compared with other chemical modifications, heat treatment does not use any environmentally unsound acidic or toxic solutions during modification and are promising for manufacturing large-scale MFC stacks.
Traveling Wave Solutions For Two Physical Models via Extended Modified Kudryashov Method

Bu makalede, matematiksel fizikte yer alan Schrodinger denkleminin ozel durumlari olan Biswas-Milovic denklemi ve Gerdjikov-Ivanov denklemini cozmek icin genisletilerek duzenlenmis Kudryashov yontemini (EMKM) oneriyoruz. Bu denklemler icin parametrelerin ozel degerleri alindiginda rasyonel fonksiyon, ustel fonksiyon ve hiperbolik fonksiyon formlari ile gosterilen bircok yeni genisletilmis dalga cozumu elde edildi. Sonuclar, EMKM'nin dogrusal olmayan kismi diferansiyel denklemleri cozmek icin etkili bir yontem oldugunu gostermektedir.
Novel adaptive cyberattack prediction model using an enhanced genetic algorithm and deep learning (AdacDeep)

ABSTRACT Some of the problems of extant cyberattack prediction approaches are low prediction accuracy, high false positive rate, very long training time, and the choice of hyperparameters to overcome overfitting or under fitting the model on the training data. These problems have culminated in the escalation of cyberattacks in recent times and as such significant improvement to the performance of extant models is crucial. Some deep learning architectures such as Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have been applied to cyberattack prediction. However, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) suffer from the vanishing and exploding gradient problem, and are difficult to train. Also, determining the different states and hyperparameters of the network for optimal prediction performance is difficult. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach called AdacDeep that uses an Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (EGA), Deep Autoencoder and a Deep Feedforward Neural Network (DFFNN) with backpropagation learning to accurately predict different attack types. The performance of AdacDeep is evaluated using two well-known datasets, namely, the CICIDS2017 and UNSW_NB15 datasets as the benchmark. The experimental results show that AdacDeep outperforms other state-of-the-art comparative models in terms of prediction accuracy with 0.22–35% improvement, F-Score with 0.1–34.7% improvement and very low false positive rate.
Graphite–silicon alloy composite anodes employing cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) binders for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries

A new silicon alloy material composed of silicon nanoparticles embedded in Al–Fe–Ti–Ni matrix phases was synthesized and characterized. Using this alloy material, graphite–silicon alloy composite electrodes were prepared and investigated as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Poly(vinyl alcohol)s (PVAs) with different degrees of cross-linking were used as polymer binders in these composite anodes. A systematic study demonstrated that the cross-linking of PVA with an appropriate amount of fumaric acid made the electrodes mechanically strong and remarkably improved the electrochemical performance of the composite electrodes. Their superior cycling performance could be attributed to strong adhesion of the three-dimensional PVA networks, which maintained good electrical contacts between the active materials, electronic conductors and current collectors during cycling. The graphite–silicon alloy composite electrodes exhibiting high capacities and good cycling stability showed promise as anodes for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.
The Landscape of Iron metabolism-related Genes for Overall survival prediction in Patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most commonly occurring cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite improvements in early detection and treatment, the morbidity and mortality remain high because of complex molecular mechanisms and cellular heterogeneity in HCC. However, novel model is still needed to predict the survival and clinical immunotherapy response in HCC.Methods 13 iron metabolism-related gene sets were identified from the GSEA. DEGs associated with iron metabolism were calculated between patients who survived < 1 year and more than 3 years for subsequent analysis. Univariate cox proportional hazard regression and LASSO analysis were performed to construct a gene signature. The Kaplan–Meier analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analysis, stratification analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis were used to assess the prognostic value of the gene signature. Furthermore, the reliability and validity were validated in external testing cohort, internal testing cohort. Moreover, Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA), Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis were performed to reveal signaling pathways, and two independent prognostic factors were combined to build Nomogram for predicting HCC prognosis. Finally, expression level of genes of gene signature in clinical samples was performed using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses.Results Here we established a gene signature using iron metabolism-related genes form the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the survival outcomes were validated from International Cancer Genome Consortium(ICGC). Distinct subtypes (high- and low-risk subtypes) were characterized by different clinical outcomes. The high-risk subtype was featured by better survival outcomes, upregulated cell cycle relevant pathways and better response for immunotherapy.Conclusions Our finding suggested that the novel model may be useful as a biomarker for prognostic predication, immunotherapy and cell cycle inhibitors may be efficacious for high-risk subtype of HCC patients.
Real-World Comparison of CT-P6 and Reference Trastuzumab for the Treatment of HER2-Positive Early-Stage and Metastatic Breast Cancer

Background: Here, we present the first real-world comparison of CT-P6 versus reference trastuzumab (RTZ) for the neoadjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive EBC, and for the palliative first-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with HER2-positive EBC who had received neoadjuvant treatment with RTZ or CT-P6, plus pertuzumab, carboplatin, and docetaxel, followed by surgery, alongside patients with newly diagnosed HER2-positive MBC who had received palliative treatment with RTZ or CT-P6, plus pertuzumab and docetaxel. The primary endpoints were pathologic complete response (pCR) in the EBC cohort, and progression-free survival (PFS) in the MBC cohort. Results: A similar percentage of patients with EBC achieved a pCR with CT-P6 (74.4% [93/125]) and RTZ (69.8% [90/129]) (p=0.411). For patients with MBC, median PFS did not differ significantly between the two groups (CT-P6: 13.9 months [95% confidence intervals (CIs) not available]; RTZ: 18.4 months [95% CIs 12.5–24.3]; p=0.653). The cardiac safety profiles of CT-P6 and RTZ were similar. Conclusions: These real-world data suggest that CT-P6 has similar effectiveness and cardiac safety to RTZ in patients with HER2-positive EBC and MBC, when administered as part of dual HER2-targeted therapy with pertuzumab plus chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant or palliative setting.
Exploring New Sources of Viral Resistance in Cowpea Germplasm and Its Elaboration through Multivariate Analysis

Background: Cowpea is a major food legume rich in protein but its production has been dwindling by several factors including viral infection due to various virus strains in all agro-ecological zones.Methods: Sixty eight cowpea genotypes were screened against qualitative traits (leaf shape, seed surface, twinning tendency, anthocynin pigment, plant type, fodder type and cream color) and four seed borne viruses viz. cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), cowpea aphid borne mosaic virus (CABMV), black eye cowpea mosaic virus (BlCMV) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) under both in situ and laboratory conditions using DAC-ELISA.Result: Based on in situ screening, 16 genotypes were found resistant to all the four viruses, whereas for ELISA, 13 genotypes (27005, 27041, 27075, 27141, 27145, 27146, 27147, 27158, 27160, 27167, 27172, IT85F-1380 and IT86D-719) were found resistant to all. Twelve clusters were obtained from UPGMA based on disease severity. Genotype 27008 (Pakistan) was present in cluster VI and was susceptible to all antisera CMV, CABMV, BICMV and BCMV. Whereas 13 genotypes were present in cluster VIII which were found resistant to all the four antisera applied. Therefore, 13 genotypes suggested for safe use in any breeding program at developing resistant cultivars. First two factors obtained through PCA with eigen-values greater than 1 contributed greater than 80 per cent variability. Twelve distinct groups were observed and these were in coordination with cluster analysis.
A new proposed software development methodology for healthcare industry

Digitalizing the healthcare systems and processes is essential for increasing patient safety and decreasing medical errors. Healthcare complex logic and zero tolerance for errors re-quire special processes for creating medical software. The purpose of this paper is to high-light and elaborate on key differences among all significant and widely used software development methodologies as they all have their beneficial properties and drawbacks in different situations. In this paper the general usability of the methodologies will be discussed, including a description of how culture, continuous integration and delivery are achieved with each one of them.
Application of Reactive Oxygen Species-Based Nanomaterials in Dentistry: A Review

Maintenance of dental health has attracted attention of researchers at present. Various materials have been constructed and applied for curing different dental diseases, although limitation of biocompatibility and safety is still a big challenge. To overcome these limitations, nanomaterials with unique properties are incorporated into various dental treatment materials used in dental applications, including endodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, implant treatment, oral surgery, and restorative treatment, etc. Especially, reactive oxygen species-based nanomaterials equipped with nanoscale properties and reactive oxygen activities can be used as sterilization agents in dentistry, along with being used as good fillers in the dental field. This review concludes the common reactive oxygen species (ROS) nanomaterials and reviews the utilization of ROS in dentistry, highlighting the potential application and safety in clinical treatment. The future prospect will also be proposed to conduct the clinic dental cure.
COMPOSICIÓN, MECANISMOS E IMPORTANCIA DEL MICROBIOMA MUCOSO EN ORGANISMOS MARINOS

Mucosal immunity, which many marine organisms carry with them, has become a topic of interest due to the characteristics and immunocompetent diversity of the commensal microbiota in response to immediate contact in their environment, which harbors biological, chemical and physical risks. The objective of this review was to evaluate the composition, mechanisms and importance of the mucosal microbiome in marine organisms and to lay the foundations on sustainable, viable and systematic strategies for immunomodulatory surfaces. The bibliographic search was carried out in google search, obtaining 38 bibliographic references, mainly scientific articles in English and Spanish. The results indicate that this mucus or defense organ in marine organisms harbors antigenic bacterial communities with a range of cells, probiotic, innate protective and adaptive molecules, which give specific and solid responses for disease control. There is a greater microbiota associated with environmental diversity on the external surfaces (gills and skin), while there is a more stable habitat for these specialized communities in the fish intestine. This diversity is highly variable and can depend on the species and geographic location. In conclusion, we found a great diversity of bacteria on mucosal surfaces, and that these could be a reservoir of bacterial diversity, suggesting a coevolution between bacteria - host - ecological parameters. However, the study of natural bacteria doing chemotaxis in the mucosa of some marine organisms would be interesting.
Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season

Abstract. Lichen heaths are declining in abundance in alpine and Arctic areas partly due to an increasing competition with shrubs. This shift in vegetation types might have important consequences for the microclimate and climate on a larger scale. The aim of our study is to measure the difference in microclimatic conditions between lichen heaths and shrub vegetation during the growing season. With a paired plot design, we measured the net radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature and soil moisture on an alpine mountain area in southern Norway during the summer of 2018 and 2019. We determined that the daily net radiation of lichens was on average 3.15 MJ (26 %) lower than for shrubs during the growing season. This was mainly due to a higher albedo of the lichen heaths but also due to a larger longwave radiation loss. Subsequently, we estimate that a shift from a lichen heath to shrub vegetation leads to an average increase in atmospheric heating of 3.35 MJ d −1 during the growing season. Surprisingly, the soil heat flux and soil temperature were higher below lichens than below shrubs during days with high air temperatures. This implies that the relatively high albedo of lichens does not lead to a cooler soil compared to shrubs during the growing season. We predict that the thicker litter layer, the presence of soil shading and a higher evapotranspiration rate at shrub vegetation are far more important factors in explaining the variation in soil temperature between lichens and shrubs. Our study shows that a shift from lichen heaths to shrub vegetation in alpine and Arctic areas will lead to atmospheric heating, but it has a cooling effect on the subsurface during the growing season, especially when air temperatures are relatively high.
Motion picture acquisition and analysis of microcirculation in septic model rats

Microcirculation plays an important role by supplying oxygen and nutrients to maintain our lives. It is known that, as pathogenesis of sepsis, the microcirculation is impaired at the early stage of sepsis. In this case, it is expected that thrombomodulin alfa (TM alfa) works for the recovery of microcirculation. Direct observation of the impairment and recovery of microcirculation related to sepsis may give us clear understanding of those phenomena. In this study, we conducted experiments to observe microcirculation of septic model rats with an optical system. In these experiments, by attaching a chamber to the back of each rat, the same region of the microcirculation was consecutively monitored. Then, these rats were divided into three groups: control model rats (sham group), septic model rats (diseased group), and septic model rats to which TM alfa was administered (treated group). Each group includes five rats. In the diseased group smaller vessels disappeared and larger vessels became thinner. On the other hand, the treated group showed at first the degradation of microcirculation then the recovery. This may indicate effectiveness of TM alfa. We also estimated the blood velocity and blood vessel diameter from the acquired motion pictures to evaluate condition of the microcirculation. As a result, we quantitatively confirmed while blood velocity and blood vessel diameter of the diseased group decreased, that of the treated group decreased and then recovered. It should be noted that the set of motion pictures obtained in these experiments has potentially useful information for further analysis and is to be open to relevant researchers.
SEPARATION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE USING A NOVEL MEMBRANE REACTOR IN ADVANCED FOSSIL ENERGY CONVERSION PROCESS

Inorganic membrane reactors offer the possibility of combining reaction and separation in a single operation at high temperatures to overcome the equilibrium limitations experienced in conventional reactor configurations. Such attractive features can be advantageously utilized in a number of potential commercial opportunities, which include dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, oxidative dehydrogenation, oxidation and catalytic decomposition reactions. However, to be cost effective, significant technological advances and improvements will be required to solve several key issues which include: (a) permselective thin solid film, (b) thermal, chemical and mechanical stability of the film at high temperatures, and (c) reactor engineering and module development in relation to the development of effective seals at high temperature and high pressure. In this project, we are working on the development and application of palladium and palladium-silver alloy thin-film composite membranes in membrane reactor-separator configuration for simultaneous production and separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at high temperature. From our research on Pd-composite membrane, we have demonstrated that the new membrane has significantly higher hydrogen flux with very high perm-selectivity than any of the membranes commercially available. The steam reforming of methane by equilibrium shift in Pd-composite membrane reactor is being studied to demonstrate the potential application this new development. Tomore » have better understanding of the membrane reactor, during this reporting period, we developed a two-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous reactor model for steam reforming of methane by equilibrium shift in a tubular membrane reactor. In numerical solution of the reactor model equations, numerical difficulties were encountered and we seeking alternative solution techniques to overcome the problem. « less
A review paper related to the various variable’s measurements on the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance

The present-day environmental concerns have provided an incentive for firms to reduce environmental pollution by the reduction in resource consumption which in turn reduces the carbon emissions and other pollutants. To achieve the stakeholder requirement, the firm needs to improve the environmental management system, utilize environmentally friendly activities and strategies for efficient utilization of materials. Different results (positive, negative, no influence) have been documented in previous articles. This study focusses on the measurement of variables and the result of these papers. An inconsistent result has been found between Corporate Environmental Performance (CEP) and Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) relationship, for a sample of 63 empirical studies. In general, environmental performance is positively related to corporate financial performance. The result indicates the variety of environmental variables influencing the results. It is demonstrating that financial benefits (both accounting-based, market-based and others) are more from environmental management and environmental pollution than environmental disclosure. But there is no obvious evidence to demonstrate different financial variables can lead to different correlations.