Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First report on a potato I family chymotrypsin inhibitor from the seeds of a Cucurbitaceous plant, Momordica cochinchinensis

Abstract A 7514-Da chymotrypsin inhibitor was isolated from the seed extract of Momordica cochinchinensis (Family Cucurbitaceae) by chromatography on chymotrypsin Sepharose 4B and subsequently by C18 reversed-phase HPLC. This inhibitor, named MCoCI, possessed remarkable thermostability and was stable from pH 2 to 12. MCoCI also inhibited subtilisin, but had at least 50-fold lower inhibitory activity towards trypsin and elastase. Amino acid sequencing of a peptide fragment of MCoCI revealed a sequence of 23 amino acids. Comparison of this sequence and the molecular mass with those of other protease inhibitors suggests that MCoCI belongs to the potato I inhibitor family.
Pathophysiology of motor response complications in Parkinson's disease: Hypotheses on the why, where, and what

Patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD) characteristically experience a remarkable benefit from levodopa. Restoration of dopaminergic transmission with the dopamine precursor can suppress parkinsonian symptoms to the point in which, unlike with any other neurodegenerative disorder, some patients can feel essentially “back to normal. ” Unfortunately, this situation is not ever-lasting; the combination of disease progression and levodopa therapy increasingly compromises the favorable response to levodopa in several ways. 2 Of these, fluctuations of the “wearing-off” and “on–off” types and peak-dose dyskinesias are the most common. 3 The disability associated with these motor response complications (MRCs) rivals that caused by the disease itself. MRCs are hardly unique to levodopa therapy, but also occur with relatively short-acting dopamine agonists when given at fully effective doses. 4,5
Tree‐Chromatic Number Is Not Equal to Path‐Chromatic Number*

For a graph G and a tree‐decomposition (T,B) of G, the chromatic number of (T,B) is the maximum of χ(G[B]) , taken over all bags B∈B . The tree‐chromatic number of G is the minimum chromatic number of all tree‐decompositions (T,B) of G. The path‐chromatic number of G is defined analogously. In this article, we introduce an operation that always increases the path‐chromatic number of a graph. As an easy corollary of our construction, we obtain an infinite family of graphs whose path‐chromatic number and tree‐chromatic number are different. This settles a question of Seymour (J Combin Theory Ser B 116 (2016), 229–237). Our results also imply that the path‐chromatic numbers of the Mycielski graphs are unbounded.
Detection of Anomalies in Large Scale Accounting Data using Deep Autoencoder Networks

Learning to detect fraud in large-scale accounting data is one of the long-standing challenges in financial statement audits or fraud investigations. Nowadays, the majority of applied techniques refer to handcrafted rules derived from known fraud scenarios. While fairly successful, these rules exhibit the drawback that they often fail to generalize beyond known fraud scenarios and fraudsters gradually find ways to circumvent them. To overcome this disadvantage and inspired by the recent success of deep learning, we propose the application of deep autoencoder neural networks to detect anomalous journal entries. We demonstrate that the trained network's reconstruction error obtainable for a journal entry and regularized by the entry's individual attribute probabilities can be interpreted as a highly adaptive anomaly assessment. Experiments on two real-world datasets of journal entries show the effectiveness of the approach resulting in high f1-scores of 32.93 (dataset A) and 16.95 (dataset B) and less false positive alerts compared to state of the art baseline methods. Initial feedback received by chartered accountants and fraud examiners underpinned the quality of the approach in capturing highly relevant accounting anomalies.
Innervation of the human cardiac conduction system at birth.

OBJECTIVE--To study the pattern of innervation of the conduction system of the neonatal heart in humans. DESIGN--A prospective analysis based on immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical examination of newborn human hearts. SETTING--A general district hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Fresh necropsy tissue. MATERIAL--Hearts of three neonatal humans with no cardiac anomaly, freshly taken at necropsy. METHODS--Serial sectioning to obtain a three dimensional reconstruction of the cardiac conduction system, followed by identification of the pattern of innervation by immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical techniques; with a panel of antisera against protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 as a general neural indicator; dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) as indicators for sympathetic neural tissue; and selected neuropeptides--namely, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), and substance P (SP). Gomori's technique was used for locating cholinesterase activity. RESULTS--PGP immunoreactive (PGP-IR) nerves were present in large numbers in the sinus node, atrioventricular (AV) node, and penetrating atrioventricular bundle; in moderate numbers in the branching bundle; and occasionally in the bundle branches. Small numbers of DBH-IR and TH-IR nerves were seen in the sinus and AV nodes, mainly perivascularly; there were few in the penetrating and branching bundles and none in the bundle branches. A few perivascular NPY-IR nerves were seen only in the sinus node. VIP-IR, CGRP-IR, and SP-IR nerves were not seen. Pseudocholinesterase activity was found in the conduction tissue, whereas occasional acetylcholinesterase positive nerves were found only in the sinus and AV nodes. CONCLUSION--A considerable innervation of the human cardiac conduction system is present at birth, although, by comparison with the results of other studies on adult tissue, the mature pattern has not yet been established. Thus it is still in the process of maturation, especially with regard to the acquisition of various neurotransmitters, including the more recently described neuropeptides.
Contour integration in amblyopic monkeys

Amblyopia is characterized by losses in a variety of aspects of spatial vision, such as acuity and contrast sensitivity. Our goal was to learn whether those basic spatial deficits lead to impaired global perceptual processing in strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia. This question is unresolved by the current human psychophysical literature. We studied contour integration and contrast sensitivity in amblyopic monkeys. We found deficient contour integration in anisometropic as well as strabismic amblyopic monkeys. Some animals showed poor contour integration in the fellow eye as well as in the amblyopic eye. Orientation jitter of the elements in the contour systematically decreased contour-detection ability for control and fellow eyes, but had less effect on amblyopic eyes. The deficits were not clearly related to basic losses in contrast sensitivity and acuity for either type of amblyopia. We conclude that abnormal contour integration in amblyopes reflects disruption of mechanisms that are different from those that determine acuity and contrast sensitivity, and are likely to be central to V1.
Armatures and the question of forager-farmer contact along the north-western fringe of the LBK

Armatures and the question of forager-farmer contact along the north-western fringe of the LBK: the site of Verrebroek-"Aven Ackerso" (East Flanders, Belgium) A central problem in determining whether or not there was cultural transmission of armature technologies between Later Mesolithic foragers and Early Neolithic LBK farmers has been the lack of an absolute chronology that would consolidate knowledge of the origins of particular typo-technological attributes thought to have been transmitted. Recent excavations at the Late Mesolithic site of Verrebroek-"Aven Ackers" yielded a securely dated armature assemblage that forces scholars to reconceptualise the question of the role of armatures as evidence of cultural transmission between foragers and the earliest farmers of Northwestern Europe. This paper examines the role of this important site in the context of a larger study comparing the armature industries of Late/Final Mesolithic and LBK sites in Belgium and the southern Netherlands.
Militant Marionettes: Two ‘Lost’ Puppet Plays of the Spanish Civil War, 1936–39

Although sixty years have passed since the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War scant regard has been given to the theatre's contribution during the conflict to the entertainment and education of soldiers. Yet drama was prominent in the range of cultural and pedagogic activities which was a marked characteristic of the Republican army. A distinct genre, known as teatro de uigencia (theatre of urgency), was actively promoted by the Republican authorities as a means of encouraging soldiers and civilians towards a ‘correct’ pro-Republican perspective. Teatro de uigencia works were generally short, single act pieces but with a surprising variety of dramatic styles and propaganda intentions. Satirical lampooning of Franco's Nationalist forces took place, for example, alongside drama whose earnestly expressed purpose was to train the enthusiastic but inexperienced Popular Militias in battlefield strategy, the importance of fortification and the need for rigorous self-discipline. Such plays were performed by a variety of theatre companies. Some, such as Lorca's La Barraca and Max Aub's El Búho, had existed since before the war but travelled to frontline locations during the conflict to lend vigorous support to the Republican forces. Other companies, known as Guerrillas del Teatro, arose from initiatives of the Ministry of Education and were attached to the Army of the Centre and the Army of the East. Still more groups were encouraged by the General Commissariat of War through its Sub-Commissariat of Agitation, Press and Propaganda. While precise details are extremely sketchy, it is also clear that, within army units themselves, performance troupes were formed for the purposes of entertainment and politico-military education through drama.
Texture Restricting Flexible Band Active Contours for Segmenting Desired Object in Color Images

In this paper, we propose a flexible band variable Chan-Vese model to segment the desired object in color images. Classical Chan-Vese model based on level set implementation can handle topological changes and detect the interior and exterior boundaries of all objects automatically, but cannot segment the desired object alone. We build the texture restricting probability distribution from color and texture features to recognise the desired object. The color feature is extracted by running the back projection operation on the Hue Saturation Value color system. The nonlinear structure tensor is applied to get the texture features. We further introduce flexible band region energy to reduce computational consumption and improve segmentation accuracy. Evolution of deformable curve is performed by energy minimization on the level set framework. Experimental results indicate that our approach obtains more accuracy with less time cost in segmentation.
Rôle d'un ajout de vitamine E alimentaire dans la prévention de la myopathie du poulet de chair

Des etudes precedentes ont montre qu’une carence en vitamine E predispose a la myopathie du poulet de chair. L’effet d’un ajout de vitamine E dans la diete commerciale sur la degenerescence des fibres musculaires de la poitrine et de la cuisse a ete etudie chez les poulets de chair. Des poulets mâles ROSS 308 (n = 1100) ont ete assignes de facon aleatoire a deux traitements alimentaires (aliment commercial + 25 a 50 mg de vitamine E surajoute par kg vs aliment commercial + 0 mg de vitamine E supplementaire). Les poulets ont ete repartis sur 10 parquets (cinq repetitions par traitement). Le poids corporel et la consommation d’aliment ont ete mesures hebdomadairement. Aux jours j28, j35, j42 et j49, du sang a ete preleve pour mesurer le niveau de vitamine E et l’activite de la creatine kinase (CK). Les muscles Pectoralis superficialis et Adductor magnus ont ete preleves pour des analyses histologiques aux jours j28, j42 et j49; les fibres degenerees ont ete denombrees sur chaque muscle preleve. La concentration plasmatique de vitamine E etait plus elevee dans le groupe supplemente (P = 0.001). L’activite de la CK n’etait pas differente dans les deux groupes (P = 0.20) mais tres elevee, et n’etait pas toujours en relation avec les dommages musculaires, a cause de grandes fluctuations de la CK entre les individus du meme groupe. Le nombre de fibres endommagees etait plus eleve dans le muscle Pectoralis superficialis (poitrine) que dans le muscle Adductor magnus (cuisse) dans les deux groupes; il y avait aussi moins de fibres degenerees a j28 dans la poitrine des poulets qui ont recus la diete supplementee. Ces resultats suggerent que l’ajout de vitamine E a la diete conventionnelle augmente le niveau de vitamine E dans le plasma et dans les tissus, diminue le nombre de fibres degenerees dans la poitrine des jeunes poulets sans pour autant modifier la conversion alimentaire. La mesure de l’activite plasmatique de la CK ne saurait suffire a elle seule pour detecter precocement la myopathie nutritionnelle dans les elevages de poulets de chair.
A pulse-driven LC-VCO with a figure-of-merit of −192dBc/Hz

This paper proposes a LC-VCO with a pulse-driven cross-coupled pair. The proposed pulse driving technique has the ability to achieve class-C like current waveform while reducing the Amplitude-Modulation to Phase-Modulation (A-PM) conversion by parasitic capacitance of the active devices. A VCO is implemented using the proposed technique in a standard 0.18um CMOS technology. It oscillates at a carrier frequency of 3.6GHz with a 0.65-V supply. The measured phase noise is -124 dBc/Hz @ 1MHz-offset with a power consumption of 2.05mW. The figure-of-merit (FoM) is -192 dBc/Hz.
Efecto de agua tratada sobre la biomasa del perifiton de dos sitios del área lacustre de Xochimilco utilizando un microcosmos artificial

El lago de Xochimilco recibe agua tratada desde 1971, a partir de entonces se han reportado diferentes problemas ambientales que reflejan el detrimento en la calidad del agua. En este estudio se evaluo el efecto del agua tratada sobre la estructura funcional de la comunidad del perifiton con base en las variaciones de clorofila a y la biomasa total (cenizas). Se construyo un sistema microcosmos artificial con 20 canales o canaletas de PVC, 90 x 10 x 8 cm, distribuidos en dos lotes experimentales y dos controles con cinco repeticiones cada uno. Se colecto agua de los lagos Tlilac y Huetzalin, la cual se deposito en las canaletas correspondientes; se usaron portaobjetos de vidrio como sustratos artificiales donde se establecieron comunidades naturales de perifiton. Cuatro semanas despues el agua de los lotes experimentales fue sustituida cuidadosamente por agua tratada, para no remover el perifiton. En los lagos estudiados y la fuente de agua tratada se identificaron las especies fitoplanctonicas y se les efectuaron analisis de oxigeno disuelto y nutrimentos inorganicos. Durante las primeras cuatro semanas los dos sitios presentaron produccion de clorofila a y biomasa total. Al agregar agua tratada a los lotes experimentales, hubo incremento en ambos parametros, indicando que el agua tratada viene enriquecida con nutrimentos inorganicos promotores de crecimiento de perifiton y de especies representativas de agua con alto contenido de materia organica como cianobacterias, clorofitas y diatomeas, lo cual explica la eutrofizacion de los canales naturales
Práticas educativas no contexto da maternidade adolescente: breve revisão da literatura

A idade materna tem sido apontada como um importante fator de influencia sobre as praticas educativas. Este artigo consiste em uma revisao da literatura nacional e internacional, publicada entre os anos de 1986 a 2006, sobre as praticas educativas comumente utilizadas por maes adolescentes com filhos pequenos. Grande parte dos estudos revisados salientou o uso de praticas educativas coercitivas por essas maes. Contudo, tambem foram encontrados estudos que evidenciaram que, apesar da idade, maes adolescentes cuja rede de apoio social e efetiva tendem a utilizar praticas educativas menos coercitivas. Alem disso, outras variaveis, como escolaridade, nivel socioeconomico, conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento infantil, depressao e estresse, tambem apareceram como fatores de influencia sobre o uso e a adequacao das praticas educativas por essas maes. Frente a inconsistencia desses achados, sugere-se que novas pesquisas empiricas sejam levadas a cabo, principalmente no contexto brasileiro, para permitir uma melhor caracterizacao das maes adolescentes em relacao a esse aspecto. Palavras-chave: praticas educativas; adolescencia; maternidade.
Ultra Low Power MOX Sensor Reading for Natural Gas Wireless Monitoring

We propose a novel method to reveal and measure natural gas presence in air, using commercial off the self MOX gas sensors in wireless sensor networks. This technique reduces the power consumed to read the catalytic sensor by a factor 10x, because it performs an analysis on a reduced sampled period thus it extends the autonomy of battery powered system. The information about the gas concentration is calculated from the sensor transient response through a discrete cosine transform analysis. This allows to immediately discriminate between clean air and hazardous situations. The characterization of the sensing device has been conducted using a range of humidity conditions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The characterization performed in lab facilities has been validated with further experiment in a real test-bed monitoring network. Two different duty cycle rates are characterized and simulations demonstrate that it is possible to extend more than three years of autonomy using commercial wireless sensor nodes, when powered by two AA batteries.
Mechanism of selective translation of vaccinia virus mRNAs: differential role of poly(A) and initiation factors in the translation of viral and cellular mRNAs

We have recently demonstrated that the poly(A) moieties of short RNAs obtained from both in vitro transcription and from vaccinia virus (VV)-infected cells exhibit dissimilar effects on the in vitro translation of cellular and VV mRNAs (R. Bablanian, G. Coppola, P. Masters, and A. K. Banerjee, Virology 148:375-380, 1986; M. J. Su and R. Bablanian, Virology 179:679-693, 1990). In the present study, we have investigated the roles of poly(A), m7GTP, and initiation factors in the mechanism of selective translation of VV mRNAs. The effects of unfractionated poly(A) [termed poly(A)un, with various chain lengths up to 3,000 nucleotides] and a 150- to 300-nucleotide fraction of synthetic poly(A) [termed poly(A)150-300] on the translation of HeLa cell mRNAs and early and late VV mRNAs were studied. Both the poly(A)un and the poly(A)150-300 completely inhibited the translation of HeLa cell mRNAs obtained from total cytoplasmic RNA in the nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysates. Viral mRNAs from total cytoplasmic RNA also were slightly inhibited (15 to 38%) by the poly(A)un, whereas the poly(A)150-300 had no significant effect on their translation. The translation of oligo(dT)-cellulose-selected HeLa mRNAs was as sensitive to inhibition by poly(A)150-300 as the mRNAs found in total cytoplasmic RNA. However, the translations of oligo(dT)-cellulose-selected viral mRNAs become more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of poly(A)150-300 than the translations of viral mRNAs found in the total cytoplasmic RNA. Both HeLa and VV mRNAs became more resistant to the poly(A)-mediated inhibition when these mRNAs were deadenylated, but the relative resistance to inhibition by poly(A)150-300 of deadenylated VV mRNAs was much greater than that of HeLa cell mRNAs. The translation of VV mRNAs was significantly less inhibited than the translation of HeLa mRNAs when the cap analog, m7GTP, was added to the cell-free system. The inhibition of HeLa cell mRNA translation by both poly(A)un and poly(A)150-300 was completely restored when poly(A)-binding protein (PAB) was added to the cell-free translational system. The addition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF-4A) did not restore translation when poly(A)un was used to inhibit translation; however, inhibition by poly(A)150-300 was significantly reversed by this initiation factor. The reversal of poly (A)-mediated inhibition of HeLa cell mRNA translation was additive when PAB was used together with eIF-4A. Early VV mRNA translation was only slightly inhibited by poly(A)un (15%), and this inhibition was completely reversed by either PAB or eIF-4A. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Biomarker release after percutaneous coronary intervention: a message from the heart.

Cardiac biomarkers of necrosis provide clinicians with important “messages” from the heart. They are released into the interstitium of the myocardium after loss of the integrity of cardiac myocyte membranes. The pattern of the rise and fall of an individual biomarker (ie, its release kinetics) depends on its intracellular location in the myocyte, molecular weight, and clearance from the interstitium of the myocardium and ultimately the circulation.1 Cardiac biomarkers play an integral role in the clinical diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Referring to the spontaneous occurrence of MI in patients, the World Health Organization required that at least 2 of the following be present to fulfill the criteria for MI: a history of ischemia-type chest discomfort, evolutionary changes on serially obtained ECG tracings, and a rise and fall in serum cardiac markers.2 Article see p 10 See Editorial Circulation . 2008;118:609–611 See Article Circulation . 2008;118:632–638 Several dramatic advances have occurred in the biomarker component of the diagnosis of MI. Analytes with greater specificity for the myocardium were introduced into clinical medicine, with creatine kinase-MB replacing total creatine kinase and subsequently cardiac-specific troponins replacing creatine kinase-MB as the biomarker of choice for diagnosing MI.3 Assay technology improved as clinical chemists moved from enzymatic activity assays for CK to highly specific immunoassays that can detect progressively smaller concentrations of cardiac troponins in the peripheral circulation.4 Although ST-elevation MI (STEMI) is easily identified on the 12-lead ECG, we now recognize that many patients previously diagnosed with unstable angina are more properly diagnosed as having non–ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI) on the basis of the detection of elevated levels of cardiac troponins in their blood.5 Cardiac biomarkers are used as a rough guide to the extent of myocardial necrosis. The higher the peak biomarker level after STEMI, the larger the …
Investigating drone motion as pedestrian guidance

Flying drones have the potential to act as navigation guides for pedestrians, providing more direct guidance than the use of handheld devices. Rather than equipping a drone with a display or indicators, we explore the potential for the drone's movements to communicate the route to the walker. For example, should the drone maintain a constant distance a few meters in front of the pedestrian, or should it position itself further along the navigation route, acting as a beacon to walk towards? We created a set of flying drone gestures and evaluated them in an online survey (n = 100) and an in-the-wild user test (n = 10) where participants were guided on a walking route by a flying drone. As a result, we propose an initial set of drone gestures for pedestrian navigation and provide further design recommendations.