Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fatal and near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to food in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Reports of fatal or near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to foods in children and adolescents are rare. We identified six children and adolescents who died of anaphylactic reactions to foods and seven others who nearly died and required intubation. All the cases but one occurred in one of three metropolitan areas over a period of 14 months. Our investigations included a review of emergency medical care reports, medical records, and depositions by witnesses to the events, as well as interviews with parents (and some patients). RESULTS Of the 13 children and adolescents (age range, 2 to 17 years), 12 had asthma that was well controlled. All had known food allergies, but had unknowingly ingested the foods responsible for the reactions. The reactions were to peanuts (four patients), nuts (six patients), eggs (one patient), and milk (two patients), all of which were contained in foods such as candy, cookies, and pastry. The six patients who died had symptoms within 3 to 30 minutes of the ingestion of the allergen, but only two received epinephrine in the first hour. All the patients who survived had symptoms within 5 minutes of allergen ingestion, and all but one received epinephrine within 30 minutes. The course of anaphylaxis was rapidly progressive and uniphasic in seven patients; biphasic, with a relatively symptom-free interval in three; and protracted in three, requiring intubation for 3 to 21 days. CONCLUSIONS Dangerous anaphylactic reactions to food occur in children and adolescents. The failure to recognize the severity of these reactions and to administer epinephrine promptly increases the risk of a fatal outcome.
Role of the vagus nerves in anaphylaxis and histamine‐induced bronchoconstrictions in guinea‐pigs

1 The effects of vagotomy on the respiratory responses of guinea‐pigs to anaphylactic reactions and to intravenous injections of histamine acid phosphate are described. 2 In spontaneously breathing guinea‐pigs, vagotomy reduced by 50% or more the decreases in total lung conductance (bronchoconstriction) and the decreases in lung compliance, and almost abolished the rapid shallow breathing due to histamine. 3 In paralysed, artificially ventilated guinea‐pigs, vagotomy reduced by more than 33% the decreases in total lung conductance, but had little effect on the changes in lung compliance due to histamine. 4 In paralysed, artificially ventilated guinea‐pigs, vagotomy reduced by 75% the decrease in total lung conductance and halved the decrease in lung compliance due to anaphylaxis. 5 We conclude that a vagal reflex is mainly responsible for the rapid shallow breathing due to histamine, and partly responsible for the bronchoconstrictions due to histamine and to anaphylaxis in guinea‐pigs. We suggest that “lung irritant receptors” in the bronchial epithelium are the afferent end‐organs involved.
Real-time Distribution System Analysis - integral part of DMS

The paper describes modern trends in real-time Distribution System Analysis (DSA) - applications that are closely integrated with a SCADA based Distribution Management System. These applications traditionally include Distribution Power Flow combined with Load Allocation, optimal Volt/VAr control, Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration. They may also include Optimal Feeder Reconfiguration, Large Area Restoration, Short Circuit and Zero Sequence Capacitor Currents Calculations. As more Distribution Management Systems are being implemented in distribution utilities worldwide, real-time DSA applications are becoming more practically oriented, sophisticated in some areas, and simpler in another.
Compound leaf development in the palm Chamaedorea elegans is KNOX-independent.

PREMISE OF THE STUDY How a leaf acquires its shape is a major and largely unresolved question in plant biology. This problem is particularly complex in the case of compound leaves, where the leaf blade is subdivided into leaflets. In many eudicots with compound leaves, class I KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX) genes are upregulated in the leaf primordium and promote leaflet initiation, while KNOX genes are restricted to the shoot apical meristem in simple-leaved plants. In monocots, however, little is known about the extent of KNOX contribution to compound leaf development, and we aimed to address this issue in the palm Chamaedorea elegans. METHODS We investigated the accumulation pattern of KNOX proteins in shoot apical meristems and leaf primordia of the palm C. elegans using immunolocalization experiments. KEY RESULTS KNOX proteins accumulated in vegetative and inflorescence apical meristems and in the subtending stem tissue, but not in the plicated regions of the leaf primordia. These plicated areas form during primary morphogenesis and are the only meristematic tissue in the developing primordium. In addition, KNOX proteins did not accumulate in any region of the developing leaf during secondary morphogenesis, when leaflets separate to create the final pinnately compound leaf. CONCLUSIONS The compound leaf character in palms, C. elegans in particular and likely other pinnately compound palms, does not depend on the activities of KNOX proteins.
A deletion/insertion mutation in the BRCA2 gene in a breast cancer family: A possible role of the Alu‐polyA tail in the evolution of the deletion

Patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer were screened for gross rearrangements in the BRCA2 gene by Southern hybridization, with exon 10 and a fragment of exon 11 used as probes. One breast cancer patient with a positive family history had a 6.2‐kb deletion including exons 12 and 13. The deletion breakpoint in intron 11 was in the 3′ polyA tail of an Alu element, where a track of ≈60 adenine nucleotide residues was inserted. Expansion of the Alu‐polyA tail may have resulted from polymerase slippage during replication, representing a novel mechanism in which Alu elements mediate deletion/insertion mutations. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Upper limb muscle fatigue during prolonged Boccia games with underarm throwing technique

This study investigated the acute fatigue pattern in neuromuscular activity after a simulated Boccia game and the effect of fatigue pattern on sport performance. Nine elite Boccia athletes were tested before, during, and after a simulated game. Maximum ball speed was captured with video, and the target hitting rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) score were collected and analyzed. Electromyography signals from the upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and wrist extensor muscles were collected by surface electrode and were evaluated with mean power frequency (MPF). Only the upper trapezius muscle showed fatigue as demonstrated by a reduction of MPF of 8% (p = 0.027) when comparing the first and last throws in a simulated game. Subjective RPE score increased during the game (118%, p = 0.004), and sports performance in terms of maximum ball speed (-12%, p = 0.004) and target hitting rate (-25%, p = 0.004) also deteriorated. In conclusion, fatigue on the upper trapezius muscle was demonstrated in elite Boccia athletes following a prolonged Boccia game and may have affected Boccia performance. Preventative measures against upper trapezius muscle fatigue and endurance training for synergists of the upper trapezius muscle may be considered in future studies.
Her2 amplification status in Iranian breast cancer patients: comparison of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH).

INTRODUCTION Her2/neu is a biomarker which is amplified and/or overexpressed in a subset of breast cancer patients who are eligible to receive trastuzumab. Her-2 gene amplification analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and/or protein over-expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) are the two main methods used to detect Her-2 status in clinical practice. The concordance rate between the two techniques is controversial. METHODS FISH analysis were performed on 104 tumoural samples from breast cancer patients with known IHC results to determine the Her2 gene status. The FISH/IHC analyses results were then compared and the concordance rate was determined. RESULTS Her2 gene amplification was detected in 0 of IHC score 1+, 24/86 (27.91%) 2+, and 8/13 (61.54%) 3+. The IHC and FISH results concordance rates were 100%, 27.9%, and 61.5% for IHC scores of 1+, 2+, and 3+ respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that IHC 1+ should be considered as negative while IHC 2+ results need further confirmative analysis by FISH. Further quality control and standardization of IHC technique are required to improve the concordance rate between the two methods.
Number of retrials in a Finite Source retrial Queue with Unreliable Server

The object of this paper is to continue investigation of a single server retrial queue with finite number of sources in which the server is subjected to breakdowns and repairs. The server life time as well as the intervals between repetitions are exponentially distributed, while the repair and the service times are generally distributed. Using the formulas for the stationary system state distributions, obtained by Wang et al. [in Wang, J, L Zhao and F Zhang (2011). Analysis of the finite source retrial queues with server breakdowns and repairs. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 7, 655–676. ] we investigate the distribution of the number of retrials, made by a customer before he reaches the server free. Recurrent schemes for computing this distribution in steady state as well as any arbitrary of its moments are established. Numerical results for five different distributions of the service and repair times are also presented.
Outcomes of cryosurgery in keloids and hypertrophic scars. A prospective consecutive trial of case series.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN A variety of therapeutic regimens has been used in keloids and hypertrophic scars with unsatisfactory final results. Application of cryosurgery could be beneficial since it was reported to produce less scarring after treatment of skin tumors compared with other surgical procedures. We performed a prospective consecutive trial of randomly enrolled case series including 32 months of average follow-up to assess the outcomes of cryosurgical treatment in keloids and hypertrophic scars and to determine factors influencing the therapeutic result. Ninety-three white patients, aged 10 to 79 years (median age, 26 years) with keloids (n = 55; median duration, 36 months; median size, 4 cm2) and with hypertrophic scars (n = 38; median duration, 12 months; median size, 2 cm2) were treated using the contact method. One freeze-thaw cycle of 30 seconds per lesion and session was employed, and, if needed, treatment was repeated every 20 to 30 days. RESULTS Excellent responses (ER) were recorded in 30 subjects (32.3%), good responses (GR) in 27 (29.0%), poor responses (PR) in 27 (29.0%), while nine subjects (9.7%) did not respond at all. Hypertrophic scars responded better (n = 38; GR to ER, 76.3%) than keloids (n = 55; GR to ER, 50.9%; P < .005; odds ratio, 6.92). No progressions or recurrences occurred. Histologically, neovascularization, loss of the anarchic arrangement of collagen bundles, increased fibroblasts in a stroma running parallel to the skin surface, and mononuclear cells mostly arranged at the perivascular area were found in clinically responding lesions. Improved responses were detected in subjects treated with three or more sessions (n = 57; GR to ER, 78.9%) compared with subjects treated once or twice (n = 36; GR to ER, 33.3%; P < .001; odds ratio, 13.68). The cryosurgical treatment was generally well tolerated, with local pain during freezing and/or shortly after treatment (n = 32, 34.4%) and hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation (n = 11, 11.8%) being the most frequent side effects. CONCLUSIONS Cryosurgery was found effective and safe in keloids and, especially, in hypertrophic scars, in an open, uncontrolled study. Satisfactory results could be obtained after at least three cryosurgical sessions of 30 seconds each, applied once monthly using the contact method of treatment.
Peroxynitrite, a Stealthy Biological Oxidant*

Peroxynitrite is the product of the diffusion-controlled reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide radicals. Peroxynitrite, a reactive short-lived peroxide with a pKa of 6.8, is a good oxidant and nucleophile. It also yields secondary free radical intermediates such as nitrogen dioxide and carbonate radicals. Much of nitric oxide- and superoxide-dependent cytotoxicity resides on peroxynitrite, which affects mitochondrial function and triggers cell death via oxidation and nitration reactions. Peroxynitrite is an endogenous toxicant but is also a cytotoxic effector against invading pathogens. The biological chemistry of peroxynitrite is modulated by endogenous antioxidant mechanisms and neutralized by synthetic compounds with peroxynitrite-scavenging capacity.
[Treatment of cystoid macular edema with bevacizumab in course of Irvine-Gass syndrome].

PURPOSE To determine clinical effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in patients with cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four eyes of four patients treated with 1 intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg Avastin. In three cases duration of cystoid macular edema was less then 4 months, in one eye cystoid macular edema was chronic (more than 4 months). Visual acuity and clinical effect in spectral optical coherence tomography (central retinal thickness and fovea anatomy) was examined before and after intravitreal injection. RESULTS Visual acuity improved in 3 of 4 patients. In acute cystoid macular edema final visual acuity was 0.8-0.9, in chronic cystoid macular edema patient visual acuity improved from 0.05 to 0.2. In 3 of 4 patients central retinal thickness decreased and fovea anatomy was normalized. In patient with no clinical and anatomical improvement spectral optical coherence tomography examination revealed epiretinal membrane. CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal Avastin may be successful treatment in most Irvine-Gass syndrome cases. The condition that exclude patients from bevacizumab treatment is horizontal (epiretinal membrane), and vertical traction revealed in spectral optical coherence tomography.
Classification Automatique Non supervisée de Documents Textuels basés sur Wordnet

A fail-safe control circuit for supplying the electrical power for operating a safety stop member, such as an electromagnetic valve, in response to low power information, wherein any failure of a component causes the safety stop member to close. The energy taken from the alternative current supply network by the periodic charging of a capacitor is transmitted to a load by the energizing of a thyristor. The spontaneous energizing of the thyristor causes the appearance of an overcurrent disabling the device. Applications to combustion, premises, medical monitoring devices.
All Optical Implementation of Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based Reversible Sequential Counters

This work presents all optical reversible implementation of sequential counters using semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based MachZehnder interferometer (MZI) switches. With the advancements in semiconductor technology, there has been an increased emphasis in low-power design techniques over the last few decades. Reversible computing has been proposed by several researchers as a possible alternative to address the energy dissipation problem. Several implementation alternatives for reversible logic circuits have also been explored in recent years, like adiabatic logic, nuclear magnetic resonance, optical computing, etc. Recently researchers have proposed implementations of various reversible logic circuits in the all-optical computing domain. Most of these works are based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based MachZehnder interferometer (MZI), which provides desirable features like low power, fast switching and ease of fabrication. All the designs are implemented using minimum number of MZI switches and garbage outputs. This design ensures improved optical costs in reversible realization of all the counter circuits. The theoretical model is simulated to verify the functionality of the circuits. Design complexity of all the proposed memory elements has
Genetic instructions and developmental plasticity in the kitten's visual cortex.

Two major properties of neurons in the kitten's visual cortex, binocularity and orientation selectivity, are present when the eyes first open, and therefore can be established by genetic instructions alone. However, both of these attributes require visual experience for their maintenance or strengthening; and both can be rapidly modified by unusual kinds of experience. Alternating sequences of cells dominated by one eye, then the other, can be recorded during penetrations through the cortex in binocularly deprived kittens, typical of the 'ocular dominance columns' of the normal adult cat. However, if one eye is deprived by lid-suture, the entire visual cortex becomes strongly dominated by the open eye. Experiments in which each eye saw separately through a transparent neutral density filter or a translucent diffuser showed that this phenomenon is caused not by the reduction in retinal illumination, but by the abolition of contrast in the deprived eye. A study of the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase from the visual cortex to the principal laminae of the lateral geniculate nucleus suggested that monocular deprivation from early in life may lead to a gross reduction in the distribution of afferent fibres from the deprived laminae. Previous experiments have found that if a kitten is exposed only to contours of one orientation, its cortical neurons become modified in their distribution of preferred orientations. This phenomenon was re-confirmed in a new study using a rigorously objective method of analysis.
Si Nanopillar Array Surface-Textured Thin-Film Solar Cell With Radial p-n Junction

The electrical characteristics of a Si nanopillar array surface-textured thin-film solar cell with radial p-n junction are studied in this letter. Several key factors affecting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell, e.g., surface recombination velocity, the shell thickness, back surface field, and minority carrier diffusion length, are highlighted. The radial p-n junction provides better PCE than the axial p-n junction at same given conditions (i.e., doping concentration, minority carrier diffusion length, etc.), indicating that the radial p-n junction is preferred in improving the cell's performance.
Ab initio study of the optical absorption and wave-vector-dependent dielectric response of graphite

We performed ab initio calculations of the optical absorption spectrum and the wave-vector-dependent dielectric and energy-loss functions of graphite in the framework of the random-phase approximation. In the absorption spectrum, the most prominent peaks were analyzed in terms of interband transitions from specific regions of the Brillouin zone. The inclusion of the crystal local-field effects (LFE) in the response had an important influence on the absorption spectrum for light polarization parallel to the c axis. The calculated electron energy-loss spectra, even without LFE, were in very good agreement with existing momentumdependent energy-loss experiments concerning the peak positions of the two valence-electron plasmons. Important aspects of the line shape and anisotropy of the energy-loss function at large momentum transfer q were also well described: the splitting of the total sp +sd plasmon and the appearance of peaks originating from interband transitions. Finally, the role of the interlayer interaction was studied, in particular with regard to its effect on the absorption spectrum for light polarization parallel to c, and to the position of the higher-frequency p +s plasmon.
Hybrid AC-DC distribution load flow algorithm: A case study on Indian utility

Due to advancement and easy availability of DGs and renewable, distribution system is no longer a single source system it used to be. From last few years nature of load in a distribution system has also changed, there is a surge in dc loads, it is also believed that many futuristic loads will be dc. Conversion from dc to ac takes place when DGs are integrated to the grid, in addition there is conversion from ac to dc to cater back dc loads. To reduce such conversion losses concept of hybrid or ac/dc grid has been coined recently. This paper acknowledges the dc loads in an ac grid and also modifies the existing load flow to accommodate such loads. Practical data of utility and weather of Ahmedabad city has been used and the results have been discussed for IEEE 13 bus distribution system.
Melody-coded fuzzy instructions containing time-depth implications for use in a drive-assistance system

A method of presenting fuzzy instructions in the form of melodious sounds that contain information on the manipulation of inputs over a certain period of time, rather than instantaneous information, is proposed for supporting a human operator who is handling a dynamic system. Such information suggests proper input transitions with fuzzy membership values and is presented in the form of instinctive melodious expressions composed based on functional harmonies. As an important example, the proposed method is applied to a drive-assistance system for an electric train system, and simulation runs are conducted to demonstrate its effective performance.
Unsupervised query-by-example spoken term detection based on DPHMM tokenizer

This paper investigates the use of Dirichlet process hidden Markov model (DPHMM) tokenizer for the template matching based query-by-example spoken term detection (QbE-STD) task. DPHMM can be obtained following an unsupervised iterative procedure without any training transcriptions. The STD performance of the DPHMM tokenizer is evaluated on TIMIT Corpus. We construct three kinds of DPHMM based QbE-STD systems. Compared to GMM baseline system, posteriorgram based system has a better detection precision, acoustic unit has a better detection speed, and pseudo feedback based system has a good balance between precision and speed. Although nonparametric DPHMM is still worse than supervised language-matched phoneme recognizer, but it outperforms other unsupervised tokenizers and language-mismatched phoneme recognizer.
Quantitative Studies of Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded MicroRNAs Provide Novel Insights into Their Regulation

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown to encode at least 40 microRNAs (miRNAs), an important class of molecules that negatively regulate the expression of many genes through posttranscriptional mechanisms. Here, we have used real-time PCR assays to quantify the levels of EBV-encoded BHRF1 and BART miRNAs in latently infected cells and in cells induced into the lytic cycle. During latency, BHRF1 miRNAs were seen only in cells with detectable Cp- and/or Wp-initiated EBNA transcripts, while the BART miRNAs were expressed in all forms of latent infection. Surprisingly, levels of different BART miRNAs were found to vary up to 50-fold within a cell line. However, this variation could not be explained by differential miRNA turnover, as all EBV miRNAs appeared to be remarkably stable. Following entry into the virus lytic cycle, miR-BHRF1-2 and -1-3 were rapidly induced, coincident with the onset of lytic BHRF1 transcripts, while miR-BHRF1-1 expression was delayed until 48 h and correlated with the appearance of Cp/Wp-initiated EBNA transcripts. In contrast, levels of BART miRNAs were relatively unchanged during virus replication, despite dramatic increases in BART transcription. Finally, we show that BHRF1 and BART miRNAs were delayed relative to the induction of BHRF1 and BART transcripts in freshly infected primary B cell cultures. In summary, our data show that changes in BHRF1 and BART transcription are not necessarily reflected in altered miRNA levels, suggesting that miRNA maturation is a key step in regulating steady-state levels of EBV miRNAs.