Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration for South India with local site effects: probabilistic approach

Abstract. In this work an attempt has been made to evaluate the seismic hazard of South India (8.0° N–20° N; 72° E–88° E) based on the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The earthquake data obtained from different sources were declustered to remove the dependent events. A total of 598 earthquakes of moment magnitude 4 and above were obtained from the study area after declustering, and were considered for further hazard analysis. The seismotectonic map of the study area was prepared by considering the faults, lineaments and the shear zones in the study area which are associated with earthquakes of magnitude 4 and above. For assessing the seismic hazard, the study area was divided into small grids of size 0.1°×0.1°, and the hazard parameters were calculated at the centre of each of these grid cells by considering all the seismic sources with in a radius of 300 km. Rock level peak horizontal acceleration (PHA) and spectral acceleration (SA) values at 1 s corresponding to 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years have been calculated for all the grid points. The contour maps showing the spatial variation of these values are presented here. Uniform hazard response spectrum (UHRS) at rock level for 5% damping and 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years were also developed for all the grid points. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) at surface level was calculated for the entire South India for four different site classes. These values can be used to find the PGA values at any site in South India based on site class at that location. Thus, this method can be viewed as a simplified method to evaluate the PGA values at any site in the study area.
Forward and Inverse Dynamics and Quasi-Static Analysis of Mechanizes with MATLAB®

There are many potential advantages of direct and inverse dynamic and quasi-static analysis of mechanisms, namely control the risk of slippage, improve stability, better adaptation to the environment, obtaining smooth movements and optimizing energy consumption. This chapter proposes new analysis methods and algorithms to bring new solutions to the mechanics of the machines under consideration. The methodology has been developed in modular programs thanks to the flexibility of MATLAB ® . In this chapter, a methodology for the complete kinematic and dynamic study of mechanisms is provided. The programs have been designed so that all parameters can be modified. It was possible to automate these calculations creating an algorithm implemented in a programming language to easily find the solutions and the results of the analysis. To test the interest of the methodology, in this chapter, this has been applied to the field of robots, especially the design of the biped robot PASIBOT. The inverse and forward dynamics, accounting for support foot slippage, are encoded in MATLAB ® . In addition, the methodology was applied to another machine, an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), obtaining navigation optimization results using a numerical program based on a quasi-static half vehicle model.
ICD Implantations in the Pediatric and Young Adult Population

Large clinical trials in adult patients at risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) have proven the efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy for both secondary and primary prevention of SCD (Moss et al., 1996). In 1989, the first use of ICDs in young patients was reported (Kral et al., 1989). Since this initial report, ICD therapy has become increasingly important as a treatment approach in the pediatric population, despite the lack of randomized pediatric ICD studies. Nevertheless, children still present only 1% of all ICD recipients. The first large study of ICD implantations in patients below the age of 20 years was reported by Silka et al in 1993 (Silka et al., 1993). Since then many retrospective cohorts describing the clinical outcome of pediatric ICD therapy have been published. (Eicken et al., 2006; Ten Harkel et al., 2005; Heersche et al., 2010). More recently, two large multicenter studies evaluating the clinical outcome of ICD therapy in pediatrics and adults with congenital heart disease, including more than 200 children were published (Berul et al., 2008; Von Bergen et al., 2011). These studies have similar results, showing that ICD therapy in children appears to be effective, but with a higher rate of inappropriate shock therapy and complications as compared with adult series. The growing number of ICD implantations in children has now been followed by a decrease in the number of complications (Burns et al., 2011). Despite the lack of large randomized trials, efforts have been made to develop guidelines for ICD therapy in children. Recommendations for ICD therapy in primary and secondary prevention of SCD in adults have been formalized in the 2006 ACC/AHA guidelines (Zipes et al., 2006). Class I indications in pediatric and congenital heart disease (CHD) patients include aborted SCD without reversible cause. Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) associated with structural heart disease may be an ICD indication if not amenable to ablation or surgical resection (Blom 2008; Berul 2009; Zipes et al., 2006). In the following we will discuss the role of ICD treatment in children and young adults within different disease entities with an increased risk of SCD: 1) primary electrical heart disease; 2) cardiomyopathy, either hypertrophic or dilated; 3) operated or unoperated congenital heart disease. Finally, we will discuss the effect of ICD therapy on the quality of life and the different modalities of programming and implantation.
Enhancement of Face Recognition Rate by Data Base Pre-processing

the effect of pre-processing of face image in improving the face recognition rate is presented in this paper. Three pre-processing steps are used in considering the facial images with dark or bad lighting, low contrast. The preprocessing steps used here are contrast stretching, Homomorphic filtering and conversion of PGM image to Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) and Portable Network Graphics (PNG). In order to reduce the dimension and extracting features Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Kernel Fisher Analysis (KFA) and Kernel Principle Component Analysis (KPCA) are used to see the effect of pre-processing techniques and image formats on these techniques. Results show that the pre-processing steps like contrast stretching and Homomorphic filtering and the database in TIFF, GIF and PNG formats produced excellent improvement and increased the rate of face recognition when compared with AT&T ORL data bases. Keywords— Contrast stretching, Homomorphic filtering, Face recognition rate, PCA, LDA, KFA, KPCA.
On the Effect of Substrate Compliance on Cellular Motility

Recent in vitro studies have highlighted the importance of substrate stiffness in governing a range of cellular functions. Motility of adherent cells, in particular, is found to be regulated by the substrate rigidity. Many cell types exhibit a subtle biphasic migration-velocity response to increasing substrate rigidity, with fast migration occurring at intermediate stiffness and slower migration on very compliant or highly rigid substrates. This study aims at improving the understanding of mechanisms responsible for cell sensitivity to the mechanical stiffness of extracellular environment during migration. We use the "two-spring model" as a mechanistic paradigm for rigidity sensing ability of cells at the scale of a single adhesion site. This will be implemented in a simple physical model of cell motility to elucidate how the local autonomy at the scale of adhesion sites may spatially and temporally regulate the cell motility. The model predicts a bell-shaped dependence between the speed of locomotion and substrate rigidity, similar to the experimental observations. This behavior is demonstrated to be rooted in the different effect of substrate rigidity on the magnitude of anterior and posterior actomyosin contractile forces which leads to the variation of net traction in a biphasic fashion.
Deep learning for multi-label land cover classification

Whereas single class classification has been a highly active topic in optical remote sensing, much less effort has been given to the multi-label classification framework, where pixels are associated with more than one labels, an approach closer to the reality than single-label classification. Given the complexity of this problem, identifying representative features extracted from raw images is of paramount importance. In this work, we investigate feature learning as a feature extraction process in order to identify the underlying explanatory patterns hidden in low-level satellite data for the purpose of multi-label classification. Sparse auto-encoders composed of a single hidden layer, as well as stacked in a greedy layer-wise fashion formulate the core concept of our approach. The results suggest that learning such sparse and abstract representations of the features can aid in both remote sensing and multi-label problems. The results presented in the paper correspond to a novel real dataset of annotated spectral imagery naturally leading to the multi-label formulation.
Food vs nutrition security: feed the people, well. Nutritional challenges of a developing nation

Nutritional security is often not adequately considered and addressed in agricultural research and development (RD and by developing projects that focus on both productivity and nutrition. It may be possible to boost use of traditional vegetables through building nutrition indicators into projects’ monitoring and evaluation systems, and by working with women groups and community organisations to create awareness, with training in schools and health clinics (targeting women) in areas where research projects are implemented.
Business Development Model of Poultry Partnership CV. AJC GO that Approach with Business Model Canvas

Commodities poultry in Indonesia has market prospects because poultry product can be accepted by public, affordable price, accessible and empower breeder in countryside. The limitations in terms of capital, technology and human resources are made cooperation form in livestock agribusiness by various concerned parties. CV. AJC GO is one of partnership’s companies in poultry industry that engaged with breeder broiler group. However in its perform, CV. AJC GO has some problems that require new strategies to improve the business model. The result of alternative strategy with SWOT Analysis toward Business Model that obtained by CV. AJC GO has improving capacity and welfare of employees, improving capacity and welfare of employees, expanding the marketing of products to retail business and franchises using raw materials chicken, and attracting investors.
Analysis of Internet topology with three-level components model

The vertical structure of the Internet can be considered as being made up of three-level components: backbone-level interconnection, mid-level transit , and locallevel-access. Furthermore, the connection of networks can be classified into two types: one-way and two-way connections. This paper will analyze one-way and two-way connections and attempt to integrate them with the three-level components model . Three main conclusions will be obtained: first, two-way connection is more socially desirable than one-way connection; second, the cross entry of vertical integrators is more socially desirable than no entry and single entry; third, the local structure of oneway connection and the global structure of two-way connection should be determined at the same time, and, if any, the local bottleneck of one-way connection should be determined afterward rather than beforehand. JEL Classification: L13, L51, L86
An investigation of the biodegradation potential of groundwater contaminants

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the rates, patterns, and pathways involved in the biodegradation of organic contaminants in subsurface environments. Subsurface material was obtained from several sites representing diverse environmental conditions. The overall goal was to gain a general understanding of biodegradative mechanisms rather than making site-specific measurements. The biodegradation rates of methanol, phenol, and t-butanol (TBA) were evaluated in static soil/water microcosms. Biodegradation assays were conducted under ambient anoxic conditions, and with the addition of potential electron acceptors (nitrate, nitrite, sulfate) or metabolic inhibitors (molybdate, BESA) to promote different pathways of anaerobic microbial metabolism (nitrate respiration/denitrification, sulfate reduction, or methanogenesis). In unamended systems, biodegradation rates varied considerably between sites. Methanol and phenol were degraded fairly readily. Rates generally ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 mgldfor 20°C incubation. Disappearance of methanol and phenol followed zeroto first-order kinetics and was usually immediate, requiring no acclimation period. TBA was relatively recalcitrant in subsurface soils, disappearing at a rate of 0.1-0.3 mgl-d(20 °C). No biodegradation was evident, relative to sterile controls, in certain soils. The pattern of TBA degradation was typically biphasic: a . long lag period of slow, linear removal was followed by an abrupt increase in removal rate (albeit still slow). Biodegradation rates were positively correlated with bacterial density for 12 soil samples from 3 sites within a localized area at Blacksburg, Virginia. However, this relationship did not exist between soils from diverse locations. The prevailing electron acceptor conditions govern the catabolic pathways utilized in the anaerobic respiration of organic contaminants. The effects of the added electron acceptors and inhibitors on biodegradation rates varied between sites. Two general types of systems are indicated by relative biodegradation rates, characteristic responses to electron acceptor /inhibitor amendments, and general environmental conditions. "Fast" soils are characterized by a higher flux of water and nutrients, higher biodegradation rates, and rate enhancement upon adding nitrate or sulfate. In "slow" soils, organic contaminants are degraded at lower rates, rates are decreased by adding nitrate, sulfate, or BESA (which inhibits methanogenesis), and rates are increased by adding molybdate (which inhibits sulfate reduction). Nearly all soils tested were capable of sulfatereducing and methanogenic metabolism, but those populations were more active, and competition between the two groups was less severe, in "fast" soils. In contrast, "fast" soils appeared to harbor an active population of nitrate respiring/denitrifying bacteria, whereas in "slow" soiis that metabolic group was inactive, absent, or susceptible to nitrite toxicity.
Effects of Quadratic Singular Curves in Integrable Equations

In this paper, the effects of quadratic singular curves in integrable wave equations are studied by using the bifurcation theory of dynamical system. Some new singular solitary waves (pseudo‐cuspons) and periodic waves are found more weak than regular singular traveling waves such as peaked soliton (peakon), cusp soliton (cuspon), cusp periodic wave, etc. We show that while the first‐order derivatives of the new singular solitary wave and periodic waves exist, their second‐order derivatives are discontinuous at finite number of points for the solitary waves or at infinitely countable points for the periodic wave. Moreover, an intrinsic connection is constructed between the singular traveling waves and quadratic singular curves in the phase plane of traveling wave system. The new singular periodic waves, pseudo‐cuspons, and compactons emerge if corresponding periodic orbits or homoclinic orbits are tangent to a hyperbola, ellipse, and parabola. In particular, pseudo‐cuspon is proposed for the first time. Finally, we study the qualitative behavior of the new singular solitary wave and periodic wave solutions through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.
Active Vibration Control for a Nonlinear Mechanical System Using On-line Algebraic Identification

Many engineering systems undergo undesirable vibrations. Vibration control in mechanical systems is an important problem, by means of which vibrations are suppressed or at least attenuated. In this direction it has been common the use of passive and active dynamic vibration absorbers. A dynamic vibration absorber is an inertia member coupled to a vibrating mechanical system by suitable linear and nonlinear coupling members (e.g., springs and dampers). For the passive case, the absorber only serves for a specific excitation frequency and stable operating conditions, but it is not recommended for variable frequencies and uncertain system parameters. An active dynamic vibration absorber achieves better dynamic performance by controlling actuator forces depending on feedback and feedforward information of the system obtained from sensors. To cancel the exogenous harmonic vibrations on the primary system, the dynamic vibration absorber should apply an equivalent reaction force to the primary system equal and opposite to the exciting force causing the vibrations. This means that the vibration energy injected to the primary system is transferred to the absorber through the coupling elements. For more details about dynamic vibration absorber we refer to (Korenev & Reznikov, 1993) and references therein. This chapter deals with the attenuation problem of harmonic mechanical vibrations in nonlinear mechanical systems by using active vibration absorbers and without employing vibration measurements. On-line algebraic identification is applied for the on-line estimation of the frequency and amplitude of exogenous vibrations affecting the nonlinear vibrating mechanical system. The proposed results are strongly based on the algebraic approach to parameter identification in linear systems reported by (Fliess & Sira-Ramírez, 2003), which employs differential algebra, module theory and operational calculus. An important property of the algebraic identification is that the parameter and signal identification is not asymptotic but algebraic, that is, the parameters are computed as fast as the system dynamics is being excited by some external input or changes in its initial
Guidance Document on Measurement Uncertainty for GMO Testing Laboratories

This technical report outlines the technical issues related to the estimation of measurement uncertainty (MU) involved in the GMO sector. In particular it gives guidance to GMO testing laboratories how to estimate the analytical variability of quantitative analytical results obtained by real-time PCR. This guidance document has been written on request of the European Network of GMO Laboratories (ENGL) as a follow-up of a workshop on Measurement Uncertainty in the GMO sector organised by the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), Geel, Belgium and held on 05.07. 2005. It is recognised that in order to be able to judge if an analytical results exceeds a threshold; the MU must be estimated and reported together with the measurement result. Enforcement Authorities shall therefore estimate the MU associated with an analytical result and use it to decide whether an analytical result falls within the specification of food and feed control. The value obtained by subtracting the expanded uncertainty from the reported concentration is used to assess compliance. Only if this value is greater than the legal threshold, it is sure 'beyond reasonable doubt' that the sample concentration of the analyte is beyond what is permissible. Two selected approaches for the estimation of MU are presented in detail; references to alternative approaches are given. The first approach presented in detail is using data from collaborative trial in combination with in-house quality control data for the estimation of MU. Prerequisites for the use of such collaborative trial data are outlined. In case no suitable collaborative trial data are available, an alternative approach using data from within-laboratory samples for the estimation of MU is presented. How to obtain EU publications Our priced publications are available from EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu), where you can place an order with the sales agent of your choice. The Publications Office has a worldwide network of sales agents. You can obtain their contact details by sending a fax to (352) 29 29-42758. The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national. LA -N 1-2756 EN -C
A study on Breast Feeding Practice among the Female Patient Attending in Dhamrai Upazila Health Complex

Background: Breast feeding is the optimal method for achieving a normal growth and development of the child. This study aimed to find out the breast feeding practice among the female patients attending in Dhamrai Upazila Health Complex, Bangladesh. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 110 women having child less than 5 years old was included using a semi structured questionnaire from 1 May to 15 May 2017. Sampling technique was convenience sampling. After collection the data were checked and verified and edited. Compilation and tabulation of data were done according to key variables by using computer and calculator. Results: Importance of breast feeding was known to most mothers but initiation of breast feeding within one hour of birth was known by (62%) of mothers. 70.92% gave colostrum within one hour of the child birth. 32.44% gave all type of food in addition to breast milk during lactation period to their babies. 54% exclusively breast fed their babies for about 1–4 months, Half of them had continued breastfeeding for a total of 19 to 24 months. 54.55% of them gave khichuri as a complementary food. 58.80% disagree regarding contraceptive advantage of breast milk and (77.27%) use contraceptive method during lactation period. Conclusion: Importance of breast feeding was known to most mothers. The condition can be improved if the importance of giving colostrum to the infant, early initiation of breast feeding after delivery, maintaining duration of exclusive breast feeding and improve maternal education is implemented. The grass root workers at the community level should be involved in providing health education to the mothers and other family members.
Remittances in Asia: Implications for the Fight Against Poverty and the Pursuit of Economic Growth

This study examines the potential of remittances for promoting economic growth and reducing poverty in Asian countries using data for more than 20 countries in the region for 1988-2007. The results indicate that remittances positively affect home country real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth. A 10% increase in remittances as a share of GDP leads to a 0.9-1.2% increase in GDP growth. The findings also show that remittances only have a negligible effect on the overall poverty rate, but they tend to decrease the poverty gap and thereby ameliorate the depth of poverty. The estimates suggest that a 10% increase in remittances decreases the poverty gap by about 0.7-1.4%. The paper also explores the robustness of the key results by using 5-year average data and addresses potential endogeneity issues through instrumental variable estimation.