Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Red Meat Production in Damietta Governorate of Egypt: Factor Analysis Approach

In Egypt, the increasing demand for red meat caused by the increasing population, feeding limitations, and increasing cost of production, has become an impetus for meat producers to change the system of production. This study is to find out the main factors that influence the red meat production sector in Egypt. A factor analysis method was mainly used to determine factors which are important in red meat production. The analysis was based on data obtained by means of a questionnaire applied to a random sample of 48 red meat producers in Damietta Governorate in late 2016. The final results showed that five key factors were successfully constructed using factor analysis which are a production factor, a financial factor, an administrative factor, a biological factor, and a technological factor. The production and financial factors are important in producing red meat. The most important variables influencing red meat production are the number of animal units, and the volume of concentrated feed. The success of livestock enterprise depends on a prior experience in the field of meat production. High feed prices and fear of diseases were key challenges for determining red meat production. The availability of livestock feed is the major challenge for the red meat sector. Policy implication focuses on the necessity to increase the domestic production of red meat through facilitating the procedures of animal loans and encouraging the producers to increase the number of meat animals. Also, it becomes a necessity to increase the production of fodder crops and the appropriate vaccines.
International Taxation and Company Tax Policy in Small Open Economies

The eminent contributors (including Altshuler, Creedy, Freebairn, Gravelle, Heady, Kalb, Sorensen and Zodrow) investigate the beneficial directions for medium-term tax reform in the light of global developments and lessons from the latest taxation research. In addressing this issue, they review recent advances in both the theoretical and empirical tax literature and reform evidence from individual countries. Topics covered include the impact of taxes on economic performance; international and corporate taxation; personal tax and welfare systems; environmental taxation; and country-specific tax reform experiences.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) The transcription factor KLF 2 in vascular biology

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AlGaN/GaN HFETs: Current-drive Scalability, Gate-lag and Frequency-dispersion Studies

AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (HFETs) are suitable candidates for high-power and high-frequency applications. Although GaN possesses a broad peak in its drift-velocity versus electric-field (i.e., vd-E) characteristics, with very large peak drift-velocity and a pronounced region of negative differential mobility, oftentimes a purely-saturating approximation of vd-E characteristics is considered to be adequate for the evaluation of the drain-current characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HFETs. In contradiction to this belief, it was deemed necessary to investigate the accuracy of this purely-saturating transport characteristics in evaluation of the scalability of the current-drive of AlGaN/GaN HFETs with gate-length. This evaluation is carried out by considering both the realistic steady-state drift transport characteristics and the purely-saturating approximation of the drift transport characteristics. Results show that the drain-current of AlGaN/GaN HFET is less scalable, than expected on the basis of the purely-saturating drift transport characteristics. The predictability of this scaling-trend with the improvement in the Ohmic contact technology is also investigated. In addition, in this study two newly-developed AlGaN/GaN HFETs, known as island-, and fin-isolated, are evaluated from the point of view of gate-lag and frequency-dispersion. These studies are deemed important for further development of these novel device technologies. The studies are carried out over a wide range of temperatures. Variation of the observed gate-lag profiles with temperature provided important signatures linking the fabrication technology of these new device types with reliability concerns. In light of this study, suggestions are made to improve the aforementioned technologies.
The role of mycorrhizas in plant nutrition: field and mutant based approaches

The majority of plants, including most crops, form arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM). These associations play an important role in the growth and nutrition of plants. Here we present results from our ongoing research on the role of AM in sustainable production systems. Firstly, we present results of a survey of the formation of AM by field grown tomato plants from across the south-eastern Australian processing tomato industry. This survey revealed low levels of colonisation, which could be explained by various farm management and edaphic factors. Secondly, to explore the role of AM in these farming systems, we grew a mycorrhiza defective tomato mutant and its mycorrhizal wild type progenitor in in-tact cores containing tomato farm soils. This novel genotypic approach to controlling for AM colonization allows us to study the formation and functioning of AM in field soils without the need to fumigate soils to establish non-mycorrhizal controls. Using this approach we found an important role for AM in the nutrition of tomato plants. Given the role of AM in plant nutrition, and the low levels of colonization in the survey, our ongoing research aims to identify better ways to manage AM in the field.
Going Round in Circles: Mobility, Destination and Experience

This paper addresses the changing approaches to transport in urban tourism as seen through the move from functional sectoral accounts towards a perspective informed by the experience economy. By reviewing the traditional service offers, it is possible to unpack what lies within the service dominant logics that lead to co-creation of value and the realisation of quality tourism experiences. The paper then considers the adoption and adaptation of traditional forms of transport within the value proposition in urban tourism. Mobility in tourism is a strangely new focus of attention, strangely because without it there would be no tourism to speak of. However mobility requires a framework of civil and legal entitlements that allow people to move and a transport infrastructure that allows those rights to be realised in both working and leisure time situations. This article will address the construction of the tourism transport infrastructure by examining the ways in which the transportation elements in mobility have been re-thought within tourism. The first part of the paper will re-construct an account of transport and mobility which deals with it in terms of the functions and logistics of delivery, both between points of origin and destinations, and within destinations. These perspectives can be seen in the texts which shape the basic tourism curriculum (Cooper et al, 2008; Page, 2009) and explain how tourism and transport have developed over the years by integrating the opportunities provided by the new technologies – motorised vehicles (both cars and coaches), trains, ships and aeroplanes – to allow for the development of a range of destinations. Lumsdon and Page (2004) introduced a new approach to transport and tourism by distinguishing between transport for tourism and transport as tourism, which provides a linkage between the first and second parts of this article. The second part will develop an account of mobility in tourism that demonstrates how their uniqueness derives from what the ‘Service-dominant (S-D) logic’ (Vargo and Lush, 2004; Vargo and Morgan, 2005; Vargo and Lush 2006) would call value co-creation. Hyde and Laesser (2008) emphasised the important role of transport in the tourist decision-making process associated with destination choice behaviour but it is necessary to move beyond this construction of the interconnections (Andersson, 2007). These elements of transport were generally considered to be “goods” or “products” including both tangible and intangible factors. Physical goods become one element among others in a total service offering, from an exhibition to a living performance or a concert and transportation has become an integral part of that experience if not of the offer.
Distribution of Yeast Cells, Temperature, and Fermentation By-Products in White Wine Fermentations

Yeast inoculation from the tops of tanks is common in white wine fermentations. Our objective was to examine whether inhomogeneities occur in tanks following yeast addition from the top with and without brief stirring after inoculation. We investigated whether inhomogeneities affect fermentation kinetics and formation of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, and pyruvate in Riesling juices with low turbidity. Samples and temperatures were taken at multiple tank heights in pilot-scale (105 L) and industrial-scale (2500 and 7000 L) tanks to investigate the distributions of temperature, yeast, and fermentation products in tanks of different volumes and height-to-diameter ratios. When the tank was not stirred following inoculation, cell counts were higher in the upper tank section for multiple days. Fermentation started earlier at the top of the tank than at lower levels, as indicated by specific gravity measurements. The top and bottom of the tanks differed by up to 8.6°C and 0.040 in specific gravity. The inhomogeneities lasted four days in the 7000 L tanks. These results suggest slow yeast sedimentation and poor mixing in the downward direction during the early fermentation phase. During vigorous fermentation, all parameters were homogenously distributed. Brief stirring after yeast inoculation provided uniform conditions during the early fermentation phase, except for temperature differences due to natural stratification. Stirring also shortened the fermentation duration. The final pyruvate concentration was significantly lower when the yeast was stirred in, presumably due to better nutrient availability throughout the tank, reducing sulfur dioxide demand. No differences were observed in acetaldehyde and acetic acid concentrations. When yeast is not stirred in following inoculation, tank sampling valves and temperature sensors do not reflect the entire tank during the early fermentation phase, which will negatively affect process control.
Effect of cognitive therapy training in groups on health anxiety among nursing students

: Introduction: Health anxiety is one of the most common anxiety disorders among medical students which can affect their activities in professional and educational fields. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to study the effects of cognitive therapy training in groups on health anxiety among nursing students. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted on 30 nursing students with health anxiety score more than average. The students were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. After the short form health anxiety questionnaire was filled in by participants, cognitive therapy was taught to the experimental group in twelve ninety- minute sessions. Then both experimental and control groups filled in the health anxiety questionnaire again. Data were analyzed using co-variance test (Ancova). Results: The findings of this research showed that cognitive therapy training in groups in the significance level of P  0.05 reduced the rate of health anxiety among nursing students (P  0.017). Conclusion: The cognitive therapy training in groups has an important role in reducing health anxiety rate among nursing students. So the results of this research can be used in designing interventions such as deployment of educational programs for
Ameliorating Effect of Piperine on NO-cGMP Pathway in Stress Induced Depression

Depression has become a common illness among individuals of every age group. Among numerous factors held responsible for depression stress is most vital. Behind the specified disorder various hypothesis has been laid out where Nitric Oxide is emerging target to treat stress induced depression. Antidepressant potential of piperine in stressed and unstressed condition was evaluated using tail suspension test and forced swim test whereas locomotor activity was evaluated by actophotometer. Results of the present study indicate the potential of antidepressant effect of piperine in stress. Methylene blue potentiated the effect of sub- effective dose of PP and SB-203580 enhanced effect of Piperine in stressed mice with no array on locomotor activity with direct influence on Nitric oxide. Piperine produced significant changes in Nitric oxide level which is pathophysiologic mediator(s) of depression, which validate the action of piperine on depression symptoms.
Investigating Confidence Judgments using Reviews in Human and Monkeys

Confidence judgments are self-assessments of the quality of one’s own performance, and are a crucial aspect of metacognitive abilities. The underlying neurobiological mechanisms are poorly understood. One approach to understanding these mechanisms would be to take advantage of putative metacognitive abilities in non-human models. However, many discrepancies exist between human and non-human studies on metacognition due to the mode of reporting judgements. We here present an attempt to directly compare human and non-human primates’ metacognitive abilities using a protocol assessing confidence judgments. After performing a categorization test, subjects could either validate their choice or review the test. We could assess whether subjects detected their errors and how they corrected them according to their confidence, and importantly did so in both human and non-human primates. 14 humans and 2 macaque monkeys were tested. Humans showed a well-adapted use of the review option by reviewing more after incorrect choices or difficult stimuli. Non-human primates did not demonstrate a convincing use of the review or validate opportunity. In both species, reviewing did not improve performance. This study shows that decisions to review under uncertainty are not naturally beneficial to performance and is rather perturbed by biases and alternative low-cognitive cost strategies.
NLRX1 is not involved in the host defense against Escherichia coli induced pyelonephritis

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the most prominent infections that have serious impact on kidney functioning and the development of chronic kidney disease. NOD-like receptor (NLR)X1 is an innate immune receptor that is important for immune metabolism and regulation, with as yet an unknown role in UTI and the pathophysiology of pyelonephritis. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and NLRX1 Knock-out (KO) female mice were subjected to UTI by intravesically inoculation of uropathogenic E. coli and sacrificed at 24h and 48h after infection after which bacterial burden and the inflammatory response in the bladder and kidney were studied. Ex vivo we studied the role of NLRX1 during the LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokine response and phagocytosis of E. coli by granulocytes and monocytes. Results: Here, we report that during early experimental UTI NLRX1 absence reduces bacterial clearance in the bladder and dampens the inflammatory cytokine response, whereas in the kidney NLRX1 does not affect bacterial burden or cytokine response. In addition, we found that NLRX1 is not essential for the pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by granulocytes and monocytes in response to LPS nor for bacterial phagocytosis. Conclusion: Together, we report that NLRX1 is important in enhancing the early host defense against uropathogenic E. coli in the bladder but does not affect the development of pyelonephritis.
CSCW: Decision Theory versus Game Theory

The use of decision support systems in firms in order to improve planning as well as ad-hoc decision making recently has experienced a remarkable upsurge. The formal foundation of such systems usually has been, and in many cases still is, mathematical decision theory. Contrary to this view game theory offers more sophisticated models: In a decision making process there are several decision makers involved, each of them with its own strategy. Instead of a single optimal choice of instruments, sets of equilibrium constellations depending on the equilibrium concepts chosen are the result of the theoretical investigation of the situation. The development of Computer Supported Cooperative Work ('CSCW'-) applications has the goal to support working groups. Presenting the basic concepts of CSCW, especially the meaning of cooperation, which will be done in this paper, leads us to the conclusion that the theory of strategic games is the relevant formal approach to the design of such systems. CSCW: Decision Theory versus Game Theory ABSTRACT The use of decision support systems in firms in order to improve planning as well as ad-hoc decision making recently has experienced a remarkable upsurge. The formal foundation of such systems usually has been, and in many cases still is, mathematical decision theory. Contrary to this view game theory offers more sophisticated models: In a decision making process there are several decision makers involved, each of them with its own strategy. Instead of a single optimal choice of instruments, sets of equilibrium constellations depending on the equilibrium concepts chosen are the result of the theoretical investigation of the situation. The development of Computer Supported Cooperative Work ('CSCW'-) applications has the goal to support working groups. Presenting the basic concepts of CSCW, especially the meaning of cooperation, which will be done in this paper, leads us to the conclusion that the theory of strategic games is the relevant formal approach to the design of such systems.The use of decision support systems in firms in order to improve planning as well as ad-hoc decision making recently has experienced a remarkable upsurge. The formal foundation of such systems usually has been, and in many cases still is, mathematical decision theory. Contrary to this view game theory offers more sophisticated models: In a decision making process there are several decision makers involved, each of them with its own strategy. Instead of a single optimal choice of instruments, sets of equilibrium constellations depending on the equilibrium concepts chosen are the result of the theoretical investigation of the situation. The development of Computer Supported Cooperative Work ('CSCW'-) applications has the goal to support working groups. Presenting the basic concepts of CSCW, especially the meaning of cooperation, which will be done in this paper, leads us to the conclusion that the theory of strategic games is the relevant formal approach to the design of such systems.
Determined of Equilibrium Adsorption Isotherm Model Pertechnetate Oxoanion Onto Activated Carbon

Adsorbent olarak aktif karbon kullanilaarak, sulu cozeltierden radyoaktif 99m TcO 4 - adsorpsiyonunda adsorpsiyon prosesinin mekanizmasini arastirmak icin iyi bilinen dort izoterm modeli uygulandi. R 2 degerlerine gore, deneysel verilerin dort izoterm modeli icin de uygun oldugu bulundu. Ancak, deneysel ve modellerden hesaplanan adsorpsiyon kapasiteleri karsilastirildiginda, deneysel verilere en uygun izoterm modellerinin Langmuir ve Temkin oldugu gorulmustur. Langmuir izoterm modelinden elde edilen maksimum tek katmanli adsorpsiyon kapasitesi degeri 3170 µCi. g-1'dir. Uygun bir adsorpsiyon deneyini gosteren boyutsuz ayirma faktoru (R L ) degeri 0.126'dir. Ayrica Freundlich izoterm modelinde, uygun adsorpsiyonu gosteren adsorpsiyon yogunlugu (n) degeri 1.72'dir. Adsorpsiyon proses isisi Temkin Izoterm modelinden 724 J / mol olarak ve ortalama serbest enerjinin D-R izoterm modelinden 13.4 J / mol olarak tahmin edilmistir. Bu verilere gore, adsorpsiyon surecinin fiziksel adsorpsiyon ile gerceklestigi soylenebilir. Sonuclar, aktif karbonun, sulu cozeltilerden radyoaktif 99m TcO 4 - 'un uzaklastirilmasi icin basarili bir adsorbent oldugunu gosterdi.
Resource partitioning between coyotes and swift foxes: space, time, and diet

In its current distribution and abundance, the swift fox (Vulpes velox) has been significantly reduced from its historic range. A possible cause is competition with, and predation by, coyotes (Canis latrans). We investigated the level of spatial, temporal, and dietary resource use overlap between swift foxes and coyotes at the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site in southeastern Colorado. We captured and radio-tracked 73 foxes and 24 coyotes from April 1997 to August 1998. We collected 10 832 and 5350 locations of foxes and coyotes, respectively. Overall, home-range sizes of foxes and coyotes were 7.6 ± 0.5 (mean ± SE) and 19.8 ± 1.9 km2, respectively. A high degree of interspecies spatial overlap was apparent, with fox home ranges being overlapped by coyote home ranges by as much as 100% and coyote sign (tracks and scats) being evident in all swift fox home ranges. There was no evidence of temporal avoidance of coyotes in fox movement patterns. Coyotes traveled significantly farther than foxes during diurnal hours.
THE MISSING CAVITIES IN THE SEEDS POLARIZED SCATTERED LIGHT IMAGES OF TRANSITIONAL PROTOPLANETARY DISKS: A GENERIC DISK MODEL

Transitional circumstellar disks around young stellar objects have a distinctive infrared deficit around 10 μm in their spectral energy distributions, recently measured by the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS), suggesting dust depletion in the inner regions. These disks have been confirmed to have giant central cavities by imaging of the submillimeter continuum emission using the Submillimeter Array (SMA). However, the polarized near-infrared scattered light images for most objects in a systematic IRS/SMA cross sample, obtained by HiCIAO on the Subaru telescope, show no evidence for the cavity, in clear contrast with SMA and Spitzer observations. Radiative transfer modeling indicates that many of these scattered light images are consistent with a smooth spatial distribution for μm-sized grains, with little discontinuity in the surface density of the μm-sized grains at the cavity edge. Here we present a generic disk model that can simultaneously account for the general features in IRS, SMA, and Subaru observations. Particularly, the scattered light images for this model are computed, which agree with the general trend seen in Subaru data. Decoupling between the spatial distributions of the μm-sized dust and mm-sized dust inside the cavity is suggested by the model, which, if confirmed, necessitates a mechanism, such as dust filtration, for differentiating the small and big dust in the cavity clearing process. Our model also suggests an inwardly increasing gas-to-dust ratio in the inner disk, and different spatial distributions for the small dust inside and outside the cavity, echoing the predictions in grain coagulation and growth models.