Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relaxed Optics : Necessity of Creation and Problems of Development

Necessity of creation and problems of development of Relaxed Optics are discussed. Basic concepts of this chapter of modern physics (phenomenological chronological classification of processes of interaction light and matter and classification which based on expansion in series of generalizing Pointing vector of electromagnetic field) are analyzed. Electro-physical and structural experimental data and proper models are represented. Perspectives of application and development of Relaxed Optical processes and phenomena are discussed too.
Growing Old and Needing Care: An Audit of the Health and Social Care Needs of the Elderly

Introduction and aims of the research background to the study research design, methods of data collection and methods of processing the data health and social care needs auditing - the conceptual framework analysis of the survey data the health and social care needs audit of the elderly in Formby brief summary of the survey data focus groups and the identification of local needs - views of the professionals the views of carers and their support groups growing old in Formby - the experience of elderly citizens brief summary of the focus group data intensive interviews with selected respondents findings and recommendations. Appendices: plan of Sefton Metropolitan Borough and distribution of elderly people in Sefton arrangements to secure the views of local people the postal questionnaire covering letter included with postal questionnaire.
The blood supply to the osteoarthritic femoral head : a comparative study

* Estudo realizado no Royal London Hospital e no Hospital das Clínicas de Campinas. 1. Doutor em Medicina, Departamento de Ortopedia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Unicamp, Campinas, SP. Foi bolsista enquanto em Londres do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq – Proc. 200-327. 2. MD, FRCS; Consultant in Orthopaedic Surgery – Royal London Hospital, London, England. 3. Doutor em Estatística, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR. 4. Mestre em Estatística, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE. Endereço para correspondência: Dr. João Neves Camargo Jr., Rua Barros Monteiro, 134 – 13073-240 – Campinas, SP. Tel. (19) 3241-7546, fax (19) 3241-2003. Recebido em 19/9/00. Aprovado para publicação em 8/5/01. Copyright RBO2001 * Study carried out at the Royal London Hospital and at the Campinas General Hospital. 1. PhD – Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Sciences Faculty, State University of Campinas. Supported in London by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq – Proc. 200-327. 2. MD, FRCS – Consultant in Orthopaedic Surgery – Royal London Hospital, London, England. 3. PhD – Department of Statistics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR. 4. MS – Department of Statistics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE. Mailing address: Dr. João Neves Camargo Jr., Rua Barros Monteiro, 134 – 13073-240 – Campinas, SP. Tel. (19) 3241-7546, fax (19) 3241-2003. Received in 19/9/00. Approved in 8/5/01. Copyright RBO2001 RESUMO
The Acquisition of Cantonese Vowel Length Contrast and Vowel Rounding Contrast by South Asian Students in Hong Kong

This study investigated the production and perception of the Cantonese vowel length contrast and vowel rounding contrast by South Asian (SA) students in Hong Kong. Twenty-six native Hong Kong Cantonese speakers and fifty-four SA speakers whose dominant language was Punjabi, Urdu, or English participated in an AX discrimination task and a picture naming task. Results suggested that SA participants had the ability to distinguish both the vowel length and vowel rounding contrasts in Cantonese. However, relative to the performance of Cantonese speakers, SA students produced Cantonese rounded vowels with less lip rounding. In addition, smaller differences were found between the long and short vowels in terms of both vowel quantity and quality. Furthermore, difficulty of a particular contrast varies according to phonetic environments. These findings provided an acquisition pattern of vowel length and vowel rounding contrasts among SA students.
Applications of Functional Plant based Food Ingredients

184 In 1994, the National Academy of Sciences’ Food and Nutrition Board defined functional foods as “any modified food or food ingredient that may provide a health benefit beyond the traditional nutrients it generally contains”. Foods with physiologically active compounds like carotenoids, flavonoids, phytosterol/stanols, phenolic compounds, essential oils etc makes the foods functionalproviding specific health benefits like antioxidative activity, detoxification, anticoronary disease, improving digestion, regulates metabolism, enhance immunity etc. Consumers are now demanding the functional foods to avoid the life style disorders. From the time immemorial, peoples used to take herbal products made up of medicinal plants to treat the diseases. Now a day, researchers are interested to establish those facts with proven technological applications. All the plant based food ingredients are added to the foods for value additions like oat based foods products, cereal based milk products, herbal based ghee, soy based milk products etc. These foods have a GRAS status as they have been used since long.
Analysis of accommodation capacity in presbyopic patients with low body mass index

Purpuse: To determine the correlation between presbyopia and body mass index. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 1030 patients with visual acuity of 20/20 emmetropy, aged between 36-40 years, 51-55 years and 60-65 years, excluding patients with positive test cover, anisometropy with convergence insufficiency or high correlation convergence / accommodation. Assessment of body mass index of all patients, Results: Cross-sectional study involving 1030 patients with visual acuity of 20/20 emmetropy, aged between 36-40 years, 51-55 years and 60-65 years, excluding patients with positive cover test, anisometropy with convergence insufficiency or high correlation convergence / accommodation. Assessment of body mass index of all patients Conclusion: As demonstrated by statistical analysis there is a significant correlation between low body weight defined as a body mass index below 18.5 and a lower incidence of presbyopia or delay its onset and progression with age.
Create Network Service Create VM Service Create Storage Service Deploy DB Package Service Service BUS Service Broker Deploy App Container Package Service Deploy ... Cloud Orchestrator BPMN

Although cloud computing has been around for over a decade now, many issues of the first hour still persist. Vendor lock-in, poor interoperability and portability hinder users from taking full advantage of main cloud features. On the industry side, the big players often adopt proprietary solutions to guarantee a seamless management and orchestration of cloud applications; on the research side, the TOSCA specification has emerged as the most authoritative effort for the interoperable description of cloud services. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of a TOSCA-based orchestration framework for the automated service provisioning. We also compare this approach to two open-source orchestration tools (Heat, Cloudify) with respect to the deployment of a two-tier application on an OpenStack environment. Test results show our method performs comparably to the aforementioned tools, while maintaining full compliance with TOSCA.
Rapid Ammonia Gas Transport Accounts for Futile Transmembrane Cycling under NH3/NH4+ Toxicity in Plant Roots1[C][W]

Fluxes of NH3, but not NH4+, account for futile cycling across both plasmalemma and tonoplast in roots of barley, resulting in a thermodynamic NH3 equilibrium between cytosol, vacuole, and external solution, and aquaporins are likely mediators of these fluxes. Futile transmembrane NH3/NH4+ cycling in plant root cells, characterized by extremely rapid fluxes and high efflux to influx ratios, has been successfully linked to NH3/NH4+ toxicity. Surprisingly, the fundamental question of which species of the conjugate pair (NH3 or NH4+) participates in such fluxes is unresolved. Using flux analyses with the short-lived radioisotope 13N and electrophysiological, respiratory, and histochemical measurements, we show that futile cycling in roots of barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedlings is predominately of the gaseous NH3 species, rather than the NH4+ ion. Influx of 13NH3/13NH4+, which exceeded 200 µmol g–1 h–1, was not commensurate with membrane depolarization or increases in root respiration, suggesting electroneutral NH3 transport. Influx followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics for NH3 (but not NH4+), as a function of external concentration (Km = 152 µm, Vmax = 205 µmol g–1 h–1). Efflux of 13NH3/13NH4+ responded with a nearly identical Km. Pharmacological characterization of influx and efflux suggests mediation by aquaporins. Our study fundamentally revises the futile-cycling model by demonstrating that NH3 is the major permeating species across both plasmalemma and tonoplast of root cells under toxicity conditions.
Association of the CMIP rs 2925979 polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Chinese Jing and Han populations

The c-Maf inducing protein gene (CMIP) rs2925979 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been associated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the individuals of European ancestry in a previous genome-wide association study, but the reproducibility of this association has not been detected in the other populations. The aim of the present study was to explore the association of the CMIP rs2925979 SNP and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Chinese Jing and Han populations. Genotyping of the CMIP rs2925979 SNP in 552 unrelated subjects of Jing ethnic group and 632 participants of Han nationality was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism, and then confirmed by direct sequencing. Serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride levels were higher in Jing than in Han (P < 0.01 for each). The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the SNP were not different between the Jing and Han populations, but the genotypic frequencies of the SNP in Han but not in Jing were different between males and females (18.9%, 52.8% and 28.3% vs. 18.5%, 43.4% and 38.0%; respectively, P = 0.028). Serum HDL-C levels in the Jing population were different among the genotypes (P = 0.048), the G allele carriers had higher HDL-C levels than the G allele noncarriers. Serum TC levels in the Han population were different among the genotypes (P = 0.007), the G allele carriers had lower TC levels than the G allele non-carriers, subgroup analyses showed that this finding was restricted to Han females but not Han males. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that serum HDL-C and apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels in the combined population of Jing and Han, and serum HDL-C levels and the ApoA1/ApoB ratio in Jing were correlated with genotypes (P < 0.05 for all). Serum lipid phenotypes were also correlated with several environmental factors in the Jing and Han populations, or in males and females of the both ethnic groups (P < 0.05-0.001). These findings suggest that there may be an ethnicand/or sex-specific association of the CMIP rs2925979 SNP and serum lipid levels in our study populations.
A system for operating energy-aware cloudlets: demo

We present an end-to-end system for operating energy-aware cloudlets with a low-footprint cluster manager and an adaptive client-side load balancing approach. Our system is designed for small-scale high-density compute clusters that host stateless services and have stringent energy resource constraints. It features cluster and service management, runtime monitoring, adaptive load balancing and cluster reconfiguration policies. Furthermore, we present an experimentation and analytics system that allows coordinated execution of complex workload experiments to evaluate different operational strategies.
The use of recycled human food waste and leftovers in the aquaculture industry for the partial replacement of commercial manufactured feed as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly practice : Recent research and findings

Food waste or leftovers generated by various raw or processed food materials that are not consumed but instead are usually disposed to waste landfills are regarded as a global issue which impacts human health and environmental sustainability. An enormous pressure in disposing of food wastes in landfill sites already exists and is predicted to be increased during the forthcoming years whereas simultaneously various environmental problems associated with solid wastes have to be solved. On the other hand, a percentage higher than 60% of the operational costs of any modern aquaculture industry concerns the supplies of protein-enrichedaquafeeds which among other characteristics are commercially manufactured sources of additional healthy nutritious and digestible proteins that tend to be expensive. Recent research and published data evaluating the use of recycled food wastes as a partial replacement of fishmeal-based feeds in diets of several species suggest that this can be considered as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly practice.
Connected Stocks

We connect stocks through their common active mutual fund owners. We show that the degree of shared ownership forecasts cross-sectional variation in return correlation, controlling for exposure to systematic return factors, style and sector similarity, and many other pair characteristics. We argue that shared ownership causes this excess comovement based on evidence from a natural experiment—the 2003 mutual fund trading scandal. These results motivate a novel cross-stock-reversal trading strategy exploiting information contained in ownership connections. We show that long-short hedge fund index returns covary negatively with this strategy, suggesting these funds may exacerbate this excess comovement. Barberis and Shleifer (2003) and Barberis, Shleifer, and Wurgler (2005) argue that institutional features may play an important role in the movement of stocks’ discount rates, causing returns to comove above and beyond the comovement implied by their fundamentals. In this paper, we propose a new approach to document that type of institutional-based comovement. Based on mounting evidence since Coval and Stafford (2007) that mutual fund flows result in price pressure, we focus on connecting stocks through active mutual fund ownership. Specifically, we forecast cross-sectional variation in return correlation for stock pairs using the degree of common ownership by active mutual funds. Our bottom-up approach allows us to measure institutional-driven comove∗Miguel Antón is with Department of Finance, IESE Business School. Christopher Polk is with Department of Finance, London School of Economics. We are grateful to Ken French, David Hsieh, and Bob Shiller for providing us with some of the data used in this study. We are deeply indebted to two anonymous referees, an Associate Editor, and the Editor, Cam Harvey, for numerous comments that significantly improved the paper. We are also grateful for comments from Andriy Bodnaruk, John Campbell, Randy Cohen, Jonathan Cohn, Owen Lamont, Augustin Landier, Dong Lou, Narayan Naik, Belén Nieto, Jeremy Stein, Dimitri Vayanos, Tuomo Vuolteenaho, and Paul Woolley, as well as from conference participants at the Summer 2008 LSE lunchtime workshop, Spring 2009 Harvard PhD brownbag lunch, 2010 HEC 2nd Annual Hedge Fund Conference, 2010 Paul Woolley Research Initiative Workshop, 2010 Spanish Finance Forum, 2010 WFA, 2010 EFA, 2010 Yale University Whitebox Graduate Student Conference, and 2010 Paul Woolley Conference, and seminar participants at Bristol University, IESE-ESADE, Imperial College, London School of Economics, and the University of Amsterdam. Financial support from the Paul Woolley Centre at the LSE is gratefully acknowledged. Antón also gratefully acknowledges support from the Fundación Ramón Areces, the European Commission (Project EMAIFAP–FP7-PEOPLE-2011-Marie Curie CIG (GA no. 303990)), and the Public-Private Sector Research Center at IESE Business School. DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12149
Department of Quality Management, VŠB-TU Ostrava Czech Republic IN SEARCH OF AN APPROPRIATE MARKET PRODUCT BASED ON THE WEIGHTED-AVERAGE MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION- MAKING MODEL

The aim of the paper is to present a methodology of designing a product that will appeal to many customers with different needs and desires. Customer-specific product requirements is what lies at the root of the problem of what to produce, giving rise to discussions this paper is based on. The methodology draws on customer polls and the weighted-average multi-criteria decision-making model to describe several techniques of detecting what is desired by the market as well as a way of comparing the techniques. Since a model is used, the paper also introduces a measure of confidence in the model, so that practitioners working with the model have an idea to what extent they can trust it. Finally, since the methodology requires knowledge of bounds within which quantifiable product features should be sought, the paper explains how to get round the problem of not knowing the bounds exactly.
Modelling for Patient Selection in Proton Therapy

Proton beam therapy (PBT) is still relatively new in cancer treatment and the clinical evidence base is relatively sparse. Mathematical modelling offers assistance when selecting patients for PBT and predicting the demand for service. Discrete event simulation, normal tissue complication probability, quality‐adjusted life years and Markov Chain models are all mathematical and statistical modelling techniques currently employed but none is dominant. As new evidence and outcome data become available from PBT, comprehensive models will emerge that are less dependent on the specific technologies of radiotherapy planning and delivery.
West ' s " Cantillon and Adam Smith " : A Comment

Students and admirers of Adam Smith will welcome Edwin West's reappraisal of the relationship between Smith and Cantillon. They have come to expect that each new effort by West will be a treat, and they have come to accept that each will be ever so slightly biased in favor of Smith. West's readers will not be disappointed with the present treat, and they will find that West has been eminently fair to both Adam Smith and Richard Cantillon. The goals of the reappraisal are quite modest. West seeks to establish to the extent possible that Cantillon was, in some sense, a forerunner and inspirer of Smith. And in the process of achieving this goal, he seeksto learn more about both writers. We soon realize, though, that the evidence he presents and hi discussion of it easily outdistance hi stated goals. West looks beyond the conventional comparison of these two writers. Smith and Cantillon are obviously poles apart on the issue of Mercantilism versus the system of natural liberty. West focuses his attention instead on the interstices of argument. It is here that he finds a certain affinity between the two. Both Cantillon and Smith approach the microeconomic topics, such as the question of wage differentials, in the same way. I will argue that the separation of what West calls the "big positions" and the microeconomic analysis, together with his discussion of the latter, allows us to relate Smith to Cantillon in a more comprehensive way. With the aid of a few additional considerations from the standard literature, West's reappraisal helps us to construct a "grand view" that shows how the contrasting visions of these two thinkers are related to one another in terms of both analysis and policy. The payoffs of the "grand view" are threefold. (I) It allows us to see that some of Smith's
Mapping of carbon storage in urban ecosystems : a Case study of Pleven District , Bulgaria

Urban landscapes are the environment where most of the population live and perform their usual everyday activities. The continuous urban sprawl and the increasing demand on resources and energy provoke serious discussion on ensuring better human well-being in the settlements while preventing increasing loss of biodiversity. However, urban landscapes also provide a number of benefits for the human society through their ecosystem services. Mapping of ecosystem services has broad application potential since it is an extremely valuable method for visual representation of qualitative and quantitative spatial data. In this paper an approach to assess and map ecosystem services in urban areas at national scale in Bulgaria is presented. It includes identification of urban ecosystem’s subtypes according to the classification of National concept for spatial development (for the period 2013 – 2025) and based on MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem and their Services) guidelines and EUNIS habitat classification, choice of indicators for ecosystem services, parameterization of these indicators, normalization of the parameters and elaboration of maps in GIS. The ecosystem services indicators set for the study were elaborated on the base of the EEA CISES classification by prioritization of the relevant services in urban ecosystems. The data for the parameters were stored in GIS database and their spatial distribution was analyzed using GIS tools. The approach is tested in the case study area of Pleven region. The results are presented in form of spatial analyses and maps for one of the most important ecosystem services for urban areas: climate regulation indicated with carbon storage in green infrastructure. The application of this approach in spatial planning and regional development could contribute for a significant improvement of the urban environment and better human welfare.
IMPACT OF MARINE LITTER ON SEA LIFE : A REVIEW

Marine litter (i.e., any manufactured or processed solid material that enters the marine environment) is a greatly underestimated component of marine pollution. Herein the impact of marine litter on sea life is reviewed. The entanglement of marine species, especially marine mammals, seabirds, turtles, fish, and crustaceans has been frequently described as a serious mortality factor. Marine species may ingest litter items, which has many harmful effects on their physical condition and survival. Other impacts include toxic contaminants entering food webs, assistance of the invasion of alien species, altering the structure of benthic biocommunities, and damage to coral reefs and coral facies.
Enzymatic synthesis and investigation of novel galacto-oligosaccharides

The present work continues the ongoing research of our institute to explore efficient lactose conversion processes. The aim of this study was to create novel galactooligosaccharides using a heterologously overexpressed β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus reuteri in combination with the following four monomeric sugars present in human milk: L-Fucose, N-Acetyl-neuraminic acid, N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-Acetyl-Dglucosamine. The resulting products are supposed to mimic human milk oligosaccharides and can thus be used to improve the quality of infant formula. Other applications include their usage as valuable prebiotic ingredients in foodstuff and a pharmaceutical utilization. Although the efficiency of the enzyme to use the added sugars as acceptor-molecules for transglycosylation was less than 20 % (w/w), a total of at least five novel galactooligosaccharides could be identified by means of HPLC-analysis. Transglycosylation to NAcetyl-neuraminic acid could not be observed.