Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-user mmWave MIMO Channel Estimation with Hybrid Beamforming over Frequency Selective Fading Channels

In multi-user millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, obtaining accurate information/knowledge regarding the channel state is crucial to achieving multi-user interference cancellation and reliable beamforming (BF)–to compensate for severe path loss. This knowledge is nonetheless very challenging to acquire in practice since large antenna arrays experience a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) before BF. In this paper, a multi-user channel estimation (CE) scheme namely generalized-block compressed sampling matching pursuit (G-BCoSaMP), is proposed for multi-user mmWave MIMO systems over frequency selective fading channels. This scheme exploits the cluster-structured sparsity in the angular and delay domain of mmWave channels determined by the actual spatial frequencies of each path. As the corresponding spatial frequencies of multi-user mmWave MIMO systems with Hybrid BF often fall between the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) bins due to the continuous Angle of Arrival (AoA)/Angle of Departure (AoD), the proposed G-BCoSaMP algorithm can address the resulting power leakage problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and offer a better CE performance in terms of MSE when compared to the generalized block orthogonal matching pursuit (G-BOMP) algorithm that does not possess a pruning step.
Real-time Motion Detection in Extremely Subsampled Compressive Sensing Video

Compressive sensing (CS) has shown promising results in different areas of signal processing as it provides an elegant framework for simultaneous signal acquisition and compression. Iterative CS reconstruction algorithms limit the practical applicability of CS due to high computational complexity. In this paper, a real-time reconstruction method based on deep neural networks is presented and applied to spatial video CS. In order to show feasibility of learning-based CS approach in real-world applications, we perform motion detection on videos reconstructed from extremely sub-sampled measurements. Experimental results performed on a synthetic dataset show a comparison between performance of motion detection algorithms in the original and the compressively sensed video. The results confirm that most of the information used by standard motion detection algorithms is preserved in the low-dimensional measurement space. Inspired by the obtained results, we propose an adaptive sampling scheme in which CS video camera operates at extremely low measurement rate when there is no motion in the scene. Otherwise, when motion is detected, measurement rate is increased accordingly.
Phaseless Sampling and Linear Reconstruction of Functions in Spline Spaces

We study phaseless sampling in spline spaces generated by B-splines with arbitrary knots. For real spline spaces, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a sequence of sampling points to admit a local phase retrieval of any nonseparable function. We also study phaseless sampling in complex spline spaces and illustrate that phase retrieval is impossible in this case. Nevertheless, we show that phaseless sampling is possible. For any function $f$ in a complex spline space, no mater it is separable or not, we show that $|f(x)|^2$ is uniquely determined and can be recovered linearly from its sampled values at a well chosen sequence of sampling points. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for such sequences.
Scale invariance in financial time series

We focus on new insights of scale invariance and scaling properties usefully applied in the framework of a statistical approach to study the empirical finance. Two stock returns of Sri Lankan stock market indices All Share Price Index and Milanka Price Index index were considered. Central parts of the probability distribution function of returns are well fitted by the Lorentzian distribution function. However, tail parts of the probability distribution function follow a power law asymptotic behavior. We found that the probability distribution function of returns for both All Share Price Index and Milanka Price Index , is outside the L´evy stable distribution. Sri Lankan stock market is not described by the random Gaussian stochastic processes.
Spatial Concentration and Local Market Power: Evidence from the Retail Gasoline Market

We investigate how ownership structure (coordinated behaviour of multi-station firms) and market geography (the distribution and sequencing of stations in space) jointly influences gasoline prices. The canonical model of differentiation is extended to account for an asymmetric distribution of firms in space. An econometric analysis using an unbalanced panel of gasoline stations in Austria for the period 2000 to 2005 suggests that equilibrium prices increase with the distance between rivals, the distance between stations of the same firm as well as the degree of ‘spatial clustering’. The econometric model is used to conduct simulation experiments that illustrate how price effects of mergers depend on the proximity and identity of stations. A central implication of our analysis is that the location of stations becomes critical when competition is localized. JEL CODE: L11, D43, L41, R12
Hα kinematics of S4G spiral galaxies – II. Data description and non-circular motions

We present a kinematical study of 29 spiral galaxies included in the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies, using Ha Fabry Perot (FP) data obtained with the Galaxy Ha Fabry Perot System instrument at the William Herschel Telescope in La Palma, complemented with images in the R band and in Ha. The primary goal is to study the evolution and properties of the main structural components of galaxies through the kinematical analysis of the FP data, complemented with studies of morphology, star formation and mass distribution. In this paper we describe how the FP data have been obtained, processed and analysed. We present the resulting moment maps, rotation curves, velocity model maps and residual maps. Images are available in Errs format through the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database and the Centre de Donnees Stellaires. With these data products we study the non-circular motions, in particular those found along the bars and spiral arms. The data indicate that the amplitude of the non-circular motions created by the bar does not correlate with the bar strength indicators. The amplitude of those non-circular motions in the spiral arms does not correlate with either arm class or star formation rate along the spiral arms. This implies that the presence and the magnitude of the streaming motions in the arms is a local phenomenon.
Genetic differentiation in relation to restricted larval dispersal of the convict surgeonfish Acanth urus triostegus in French Polynesia

Genetic markers were used to study larval dispersal in coral reef fishes in order to investigate the impact of migration during the pelagic phase on island recruitment. Samples of Acanthurus trjostegus were collected from 11 sites in French Polynesia in order to examine 3 different spatial scales (Island, Archipelago and Polynesia). To examine the effects of gene flow on population heterogeneity and population substructuring in A. triostegus, starch gel electrophoresis on 10 polymorphic loci encoding 10 enzymes was used [heterozygoty (H) = 0.325 f 0.045; polyrnorphism level = 0.3231. Nei's genetic distances calculated on the 10 polymorphic loci were very high (between 0.004 and 0.194 with an average of 0.058) and G-tests made on a single locus between pairwse samples showed 5 groups to be significantly different: 1 group comprised samples from T~ahura, Tubuai. Maiao, Tetiaroa, Pt. Paroa and Tahiti; 1 group comprised samples from Muroroa and Managreva and 3 other groups comprised the isolated samples from Takapoto, Bora-Bora and Nuku-H~va respectively. Fixation index (F,,) values indicate significant differentiation between the 11 samples (F, = 0.0886 on 11 populations), even between Bora-Bora and Moorea which are separated by 250 km. Estimates of gene flow (N,m: absolute numer of migrants at equilibrium), assuming equilibnum between the samples, were < 10 individuals per generation, which is sufficient to ensure that the same alleles will be shared over long periods, but not sufficient to maintain identical allelic frequencies between populations A hypothesis is proposed to illustrate the genetic structure of A. triostegus observed in French Polynesia based on ocean currents and the behaviour of the larval oceanic phase.
The Relationship between FDI, Diversification and Economic Growth in Natural Resource Oriented Countries: Case of Kazakhstan

This paper investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth as a factor of diversification of economy of Kazakhstan. To analysis economic structural change as transition economyinnatural resource oriented countries, we examine both the natural recourseand manufacturing sectors affect to economic developmentfrom 1994 to 2013. Modified model from basic multiple regression model included Gross Domestic Product, Human Development Index, Gross Capital Formation and Foreign Direct Investment. We found that there is significant relationship among GDP, FDI and Gross Capital Formation. But there is no dependency between Human Development Index and GDP.However, FDI into manufacturing and commodity sectors show different results that has less effect on GDP.
Adaptive yield response of winter wheat cultivars across environments in Poland using combined AMMI and cluster analyses

The objective of the paper was to illustrate using and usefulness of a joint AMMI and cluster analyses to assess the grain yield adaptive response of Polish and foreign 31 winter wheat cultivars in a range of 20 environments (locations) and across 3 years (2005-2007) under integrated crop management, using data obtained in the post-registration variety testing trials (called PDO trials), to identify those entries with specific and wide adaptation. Two-stage combined analysis of variance for data in the three-way GLY classification was carried out according to a mixed model (cultivar and location as fixed factors and years as random factor). GL repeated (across years) interaction effects were modeled by (a) joint regression and (b) additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI). The thirty one cultivar adaptive responses, expressed by nominal yields based on significant AMMI-1 model, accounting for 27.8% of SS for GL interactions, were divided into six homogenous groups by Ward’s method of cluster analysis. Group-mean cultivar adaptive responses indicated clearly the wide adaptation of cultivars in groups 1 and 2 including mostly German and United Kingdom entries and also two Polish ones. Cultivars from group 6, including three Polish cultivars and three foreign ones, were among at most four top-ranking entries at all locations excluding one environment (Wyczechy at Pomerania region). Cultivars from group 3, including seven Polish cultivars and one from United Kingdom and France, showed extremely specific adaptation characterized by nominal yield responses being positively related to GL interaction PC 1 scores of the locations. However, cultivars from group 5, including five Polish ones and a French one were poor adapted to the growing area. Presented the joint AMMI and cluster analyses were effective to distinguish adaptive responses of studied cultivars on the basis of data from PDO trials and could be seen as a better alternative, based more on probability-approached methodology, to common pattern analysis.
Identification of Asthmatic Patient During Exercise Using Feature Extraction of Carbon Dioxide Waveform

Asthmatic athletes encounter greater challenges while practicing sport in dealing with their disorder. Hence, this study explores the significance of features extracted from the different phases of carbon dioxide (CO2) waveform morphology from an asthmatic patient during exercise. Herein, CO2 data was collected using human respiration CO2 measurement device from 9 asthmatic subjects in the stable mild state before and after exercise, aged between 20–25 years via convenience sampling method, chosen from the UTM Health Center. The subjects were asked to run on the medical treadmill (TMX428-15% elevation, 7.5 m/h) for 2 minutes. Thereafter, we automatically segmented each breath cycle into sub-cycles using threshold and computed Area as a feature from each part using numerical methods compared with slope or derivative of the capnogram. We found that the feature (Area) for the segmented part of the mix of upward expiratory phase and alveolar phase possess higher area under curve (AUC) of 0.94 via receiver operating curve analysis. Further, the feature was sent to the classifier for the classification of athlete asthmatic condition before and after exercise. We found that the decision tree possesses higher accuracy (88.89%), sensitivity (100%) and specificity (77.78%) with an AUC of 0.85 than other classifiers. Thus, the incorporation of these features into a newly developed device could possibly allow asthmatic athletes to manage their condition during exercise and sports.
Les Cahiers de la Chaire Economie du Climat Switching to biomass co-firing in European coal power plants : Estimating the biomass and CO 2 breakeven prices

This paper investigates the cost of biomass co-firing in European coal power stations. We propose a tractable and original method, that enables us to get expressions of biomass and CO2 breakeven points for co-firing in different types of coal plants. We call them carbon switching price and biomass switching price. They correspond to carbon and biomass prices that make coal plants equally attractive under co-firing or classical conditions (i.e. when coal is the only input). The carbon switching price is the carbon price from which it becomes profitable to include biomass in coal plants (i.e. if the actual carbon price is higher than the carbon switching price, co-firing is profitable). The biomass switching price is the biomass price beyond which including biomass in coal plants is no longer profitable (i.e. if the actual biomass price is lower than the biomass switching price, co-firing is profitable). We also run some sensitivity analyses to investigate the effect of modifying quantity and quality of biomass entering in boilers of coal plants. Results show that the carbon switching price associated with using biomass in lignite plants is always cheaper than that of hard-coal, due to higher lignite price. Additionally, we find that the biomass switching price has higher values with lignite plants. This reflects the greater benefits associated with including biomass in lignite plants, due to greater coal cost savings with higher lignite price. Results also indicate that the carbon switching price increases, and the biomass switching price decreases, when the biomass quality decreases, due to greater losses in conversion efficiency. However, we observe no significant influence when varying the incorporation rate, reflecting the quantity of biomass in coal plants.
Response time analysis of dataflow applications on a many-core processor with shared-memory and network-on-chip

We consider hard real-time applications running on many-core processor containing several clusters of cores linked by a Network-on-Chip (NoC). Communications are done via shared memory within a cluster and through the NoC for inter-cluster communication. We adopt the time-triggered paradigm, which is well-suited for hard real-time applications, and we consider data-flow applications, where communications are explicit. We extend the AER (Acquisition/Execution/Restitution) execution model to account for all delays and interferences linked to communications, including the interference between the NoC interface and the memory. Indeed, for NoC communications, data is first read from the initiator's local memory, then sent over the NoC, and finally written to the local memory of the target cluster. Read and write accesses to transfer data between local memories may interfere with shared-memory communication inside a cluster, and, as far as we know, previous work did not take these interferences into account. Building on previous work on deterministic network calculus and shared memory interference analysis, our method computes a static, time-triggered schedule for an application mapped on several clusters. This schedule guarantees that deadlines are met, and therefore provides a safe upper bound to the global worst-case response time.
CMAR_A_177894 8817..8828

*These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Fms-related-tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations occur in approximately a third of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and confer an adverse prognosis. Numerous studies have evaluated FLT3 targeting as single agent and in combination approaches in frontline and relapsed AML. At this time, midostaurin, a multikinase inhibitor, is the only FLT3-inhibitor that is US FDA approved to be used in combination with induction therapy in the frontline FLT3-mutated AML setting based on improved overall survival noted in the RATIFY Phase III trial. The utility of midostaurin in maintenance post stem cell transplantation has shown promising results and further studies are still ongoing. In this review, we discuss the studies that led to the inception of midostaurin as a targeted kinase inhibitor, its evaluation in AML, the early clinical trials and the large Phase III clinical trial that led to its eventual US FDA-approval in FLT3-mutated AML. Our review also discusses data on midostaurin adverse effects, mechanisms of resistance and limitations of its utility. We further discuss emerging second-generation FLT3 inhibitors, with a focus on quizartinib and gilteritinib and future directions to enhance FLT3-inhibitor efficacy and overcome mechanisms of resistance.
Constraints on Local Welfare Discretion in an Era of Second‐Order Devolution

Under devolution, state and local governments are expected to use the greater authority granted to them to design new and innovative programs that are tailored to local needs. Existing research on the devolution of welfare programs has reported substantial variation in the policies adopted by states in the wake of welfare reform. However, under second-order devolution, local governments also gained discretion over welfare services. Some have argued that, while devolution should increase flexibility, local governments face constraints that limit their functional discretion. Using California as an example, I assess whether there is variation in the service priorities adopted by local governments and whether these priorities translate to frontline practices. I show differences in the service priorities of local governments; however, these priorities are not associated with differences in sanctioning or time limit exemptions. Thus, while local governments may formally adopt different priorities, state and federal policy choices, as well as client characteristics, may restrict priorities from translating into differences in caseworker behavior.
Automated Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Images using Deep Learning

The importance of early detection of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and the time consuming and error prone nature of manual screening of the disease necessitates an automated system that can identify and grade the disease reliably. In this paper, we propose a deep learning solution for automated grading of DR from retinal fundus images. Specifically, we employ Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures which have achieved state-of-the-art performance in image recognition tasks. The experimental results demonstrate that the best performing deep learning model achieves a high sensitivity of 94.3% and specificity of 95.5%(for DR/no-DR classification) and a quadratic weighted kappa score $(\kappa^{2})$ of 0.88 (for grading from 0 through 4), indicating an improved $\kappa^{2}$ score compared to the state-of-the-art method (${\kappa}^{2}$ score of 0.81).
Advance Research on Monitoring Of Soil & Remote Sensing of Vegetation by Various Techniques for Proper Drip Irrigation

Vegetation is the key element which provides a vital foundation for all living things. An implementation of specific irrigation process by drip is very reasonable and capable. It is found that the various drip irrigation methods have been proposed are luxurious and dense to utilize. The remotely monitored embedded based irrigation system has become a new fundamental thing for a farmer which accumulates his energy, time and money and will reduce requirement of water. For better drip irrigation plan, this approach would utilize the soil test for the water content, the chemical constituent, and salinity and the fertilizer requirement data collected and processed by the wireless. The remote sensing replaces an expensive and the sluggish data collection on the ground, ensuring that the area or objects are not distributed due to this process. The optical & Microwave remote sensing is less limited by climate and time and measure in large scale. The radiometric observations are also reviewed. The directional reflectance effects were modelled via a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) acquires from high frequency multi-angular spectral observations. With this uniqueness, this technique becomes a valuable means to monitor soil moisture. This paper deal with various monitoring system and propose an automatic monitoring system model using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and also various remote sensing techniques for soil & vegetation characteristics which will help the farmer to progress the yield.
Temporal changes in local spatial structure of late‐successional species: establishment of an Andean caulescent rosette plant

1 We analyse successional changes in local spatial structure of populations of a dominant late‐successional species ( Espeletia schultzii ) in the high tropical Andes. 2 Spatial maps of plants of E. schultzii and important features of their environment were recorded at early (year 3) and middle (year 8) stages of succession after agricultural disturbance, and in non‐cultivated páramo. 3 Spatial covariance functions were calculated from the maps to provide information on the changing ‘plant‐eye's view’ of seedlings and adults during succession, and on the coupling of spatial structure to dynamics of successional communities. 4 Seedlings of E. schultzii appeared at high densities shortly after agricultural disturbance ceased. Spatial aggregation, which among seedlings was strongest in later stages of succession, was absent among adults, suggesting greater mortality within aggregations of conspecifics plays a part in regulating population dynamics. 5 Early in succession, seedlings of E. schultzii were slightly segregated from the dominant early successional species, Rumex acetosella . By year 8 of succession, R. acetosella was strongly segregated from adults of E. schultzii , but not from seedlings. This suggests that competitive exclusion caused by asymmetric competition may contribute to decline in early successional species. 6 Spatial sorting in relation to abiotic factors was most evident in the mature páramo, with E. schultzii adults occurring on steeper slopes and on less stony ground. E. schultzii adults here were also segregated from Hypericum laricifolium , the other dominant species. 7 The coupling of local spatial structure to community dynamics may have profound effects on succession. In particular, the development of interspecific segregation could contribute to the continued coexistence of early and late successional species throughout succession.