Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Value of Day-Ahead Coordination of Power and Natural Gas Network Operations

The operations of electricity and natural gas transmission networks in the U.S. are increasingly interdependent, due to the growing number of installations of gas fired generators and the penetration of renewable energy sources. This development suggests the need for closer communication and coordination between gas and power transmission system operators in order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the combined energy system. In this paper, we present a co-simulation platform for examining the interdependence between natural gas and electricity transmission networks based on a direct current unit-commitment and economic dispatch model for the power system and a transient hydraulic gas model for the gas system. We analyze the value of day-ahead coordination of power and natural gas network operations and show the importance of considering gas system constraints when analyzing power systems operation with high penetration of gas generators and renewable energy sources. Results show that day-ahead coordination contributes to a reduction in curtailed gas during high stress periods (e.g., large gas offtake ramps) and a reduction in energy consumption of gas compressor stations.
Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Levosulpiride

Methods: Levosulpiride was characterized by preformulation studies like physical appearance, melting point, assay, calibration curve, FTIR analysis and DSC analysis. The calibration curve of the drug was prepared in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. Two lipids (Stearic acid and Palmitic acid) were used as lipid phase to prepare SLNs. Factorial design (23) was applied to formulate 16 formulations (8 for each lipid i.e. SF1-SF8 and PF1-PF8). Levosulpiride SLNs were prepared by solvent evaporation method followed by homogenization.
Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in high school girls in Bushehr city, south west of Iran, 2009.

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease prevalent all over the world and it’s causal agent is Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasmosis is very important in pregnant women. Seroepidemiological survey of toxoplasmosis in young girls before marriage for identifying non immune girls could be used to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis. A seroepidemiological study of toxoplasma IgG-antibody in 516 high school girls was conducted. Sample cases were chosen randomly from public high school girls. Blood samples were collected and the obtained sera were examined for anti toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies by using ELISA method. Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in high school girls in Bushehr city was 22.1%. There was significant correlation between seropositivity of toxoplasma antibodies and factors such as, contact with cat, raw milk consumption, raw vegetables consumption and food consumption habits, but there was no significant correlation between seropositivity and availability of drinking water, keeping pet and information about toxoplasmosis. About 78% of high school girls in Bushehr city were seronegative in toxoplasma IgG antibody. It is recommended to the health managers to design the educational measures and develop the serological tests for identifying the non immune girls before marriage to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis.
Intercomparison of High-Resolution Precipitation Products over Northwest Europe

AbstractSatellite-derived high-resolution precipitation products (HRPP) have been developed to address the needs of the user community and are now available with 0.25° × 0.25° (or less) subdaily resolutions. This paper evaluates a number of commonly available satellite-derived HRPPs covering northwest Europe over a 6-yr period. Precipitation products include the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing (CMORPH) technique, the CPC merged microwave technique, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) blended technique, and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) technique. In addition, the Geosynchronous Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) precipitation index (GPI) and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) operational forecast model products are included for comparison. Surface reference data from the European radar network.
ON THE OPTIMALITY OF RECTANGULAR HASHING SCHEMES FOR ANSWERING BASIC QUERIES FROM A RELATION WITH INDEPENDENT ATTRIBUTES by Azad Bolour

This paper is concerned with the problem of finding efficient hashing schemes for answering basic queries (queries specified by a conjunction of attribute-value equalities), in a multi-attribute file residing in a secon dary storage device. A model problem is examined in which the n attributes in a record occur independently of one another, and for which the probability that a query specifies values for a particular subset of the attributes is given. For this model it is shown that in many cases, rectangular (or multiple key) hashing schemes hashing schemes that partition an ndimensional attribute-value space into a regular lattice of rectangular sets in n-space have near minimal average page access, in the class of all balanced hash functions from an attribute-value space, onto a given number of pages of equal size, in a secondary storage device. t Research supported in part by the Naval Electronic Systems Command contracts N00039-71-C-0255/N0039-75-C-0034 and in part by the National Science Foundation grant GK-10656x.
Land surface conditions over Eurasia and Indian summer monsoon rainfall

[1] Using observations of snow cover, soil moisture, surface air temperature, atmospheric circulation, and Indian summer monsoon precipitation from 1870 to 2000, we examine the relationship between interannual variations of the strength of the monsoon and land surface conditions over Eurasia. For the periods 1870–1895 and 1950–1995, strong Indian summer monsoon precipitation was preceded by warmer than normal temperatures over Europe and North America in the previous winter and over western Asia in the previous spring but colder temperatures over Tibet. The European temperature anomalies were related to the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Related negative snow cover anomalies in Europe in winter and central Asia in spring were produced by circulation and temperature anomalies. The snow-albedo feedback is always operating, but the snow by itself did not physically control the monsoon. Anomalous snow cover impacts on temperature were not prolonged by soil moisture feedbacks because of its short time memory, and there was no obvious relationship between soil moisture and the monsoon. Strong Indian summer monsoon precipitation was actually preceded by higher than normal Tibetan snow cover in winter and spring in contrast to the suggestion of Blanford [1884] more than a century ago. The correlation between Indian summer monsoon rainfall and winter land temperatures and snow cover only exists when interannual variation of the NAO is very strong, and therefore NAO is not a robust predictor of the monsoon. Climate models show that the relationship between NAO and monsoon is random.
Determinants of Maize Framers’ Productivity among Smallholder Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria

DOI: 10.15580/GJAS.2019. 2.040219062 Smallholders farmer’s productivity has be declining due to many problems ranging from declining soil fertility to lack of basic inputs for their production. Hence, this study examined the determinants of Maize farmers’ productivity among smallholder Farmers in Oyo state Nigeria. A three stage sampling procedure was used to collect data from rural maize farmers in Lagelu Local Government area of Oyo state. Descriptive statistics, productivity analysis and Ordinary Least Square Regression Model were used to isolate the factors that affect maize farmers’ productivity in the study area. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents showed that majority of them are male (68.3%), the age distribution showed that 56.1% are between ages 41-60 years, a very good productive age for maize production. Majority of the respondents are married (86.6%), while only 4.9% are youths, an obvious albatross to maize production in Nigeria, with less youth population in farming. The distribution of the Total factor productivity (TFP) indicated that, 72(50.7%) of the respondents having TFP <1, 58(40.8%) having TFP 1.01-2.00, 09(6.3%) and 03(2.1%) having TFP>2 and TFP=1 respectively. The result of double log production function showed that the coefficients of labour, farm size (hectares) are statistically significant at 1% p>1, while that of farming experience is significant at 5% (p>5), with positives coefficients. The adjusted R-squared of 0.8572 explained the coefficient of variation of the maize farmers productivity model. It’s recommended that farmers in the study area should be provided with tractors and other farm implements that can help increase their productivity, also increasing the farm size and land hectarage used for maize production should be prioritize. There is also the need to train the farmers adequately on new and improved farm practices; this will be like a boost to their experience in maize production. Submitted: 02/04/2019 Accepted: 05/04/2019 Published: 16/05/2019
ECONOMIA DO CRIME: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A TEORIA ECONÔMICA DO CRIME E AS SUAS VERIFICAÇÕES NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ

O presente artigo buscou verificar se as conclusoes dos estudos realizados sobre o tema da economia do crime, no Brasil e no mundo, se aplicam ao Estado do Parana. Para isso, foi feita uma pesquisa de natureza exploratoria das conclusoes obtidas nos respectivos trabalhos, que foi comparada aos indicadores e estatisticas socioeconomicos do Estado do Parana, para verificar se tais conclusoes sao compativeis com a realidade do estado. Observou-se que, das pesquisas expostas, aquelas que identificaram relacao entre educacao e crime e renda e crime, com gastos em seguranca publica e crimes de homicidio e combate as drogas, encontraram suas verificacoes no Estado durante o periodo observado de 2007-2014.
An Assessment of the Cost-Reflectivity of Proposed Network Tariffs in Australia

Network tariffs in the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) have received growing attention in recent years as the main contributor to rapidly rising electricity bills for residential and small business customers. A number of government enquiries in 2012 and 2013 found significant overspending by networks, and a need to review regulations that had encouraged network over-investment in order to expand their regulated asset base. In response, the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) has introduced a rule change that requires Distribution Network Service Providers (DNSPs) to implement tariffs that better reflect the cost of providing network services to customers. The aim is to achieve more economically efficient use of the network by pricing the network service correctly and hence driving more appropriate end-user levels and patterns of electricity demand. The rule specifies that tariffs must now be based on the long run marginal cost (LRMC) of providing additional network capacity and that the residual costs (the sunk network costs) should be recovered in a way that does not distort the LRMC price signal. There is, however, a lack of clarity in the rule about how the LRMC-based tariffs should be calculated and how the residual costs should be recovered. This paper presents the outcomes of a study that assesses the cost-reflectiveness of network tariffs proposed under the new rule by Australian DNSPs, as well as tariffs put forward by other stakeholders. The study uses load data from 300 households located in one of the DNSP areas. The tariffs are assessed against a range of design criteria, including the extent to which they reflect the LRMC of the network and account for geographical differences, and the extent to which the pass-through of residual costs distorts the ‘efficient’ pricing signal provided by the LRMC. The study also considers the extent of cross subsidisation between customers under each of the assessed tariffs, and how this varies for different locations in the network with different LRMCs. Developing cost-reflective tariff structures is a highly complex process and the proposed solutions may not be ideal. This study finds that the demand charge-based tariffs proposed thus far may not be more cost reflective than current pricing structures. If a transition is made towards implementing demand charge-based tariffs, more attention needs to be placed on their design, and greater consideration of spatial variation in network conditions is required to minimise cross subsidies and maximise cost-reflectivity.
The reaction of Cl atoms with O 3 followed by the self-reaction of ClO gives rise to the analogous catalytic reaction cycle ( reactions ( R 4 ) – ( R 6 ) ) based on Cl recycling : 2

[1] Recent investigations report mixing ratios of BrO gas reaching 1 ppb in plume 4–7 km downwind of the summit of Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat. The detection of BrO in volcanic plumes is potentially important evidence of halogen-catalyzed tropospheric ozone destruction and suggests that volcanoes either directly emit BrO or emit bromine species that are rapidly converted to reactive bromine in volcanic plumes. Species distribution models constrained by volcanic gas and condensate analytical data for arc, rift, and hot spot volcanoes demonstrate that shallow magma degassing generates volcanic gases with ppb to ppm levels of reactive radicals Br, Cl, H, and HO but no significant BrO or ClO. The conversion of volcanic Br and Cl by reaction with ozone in gas-phase catalytic reaction cycles during plume transport can lead to secondary BrO and ClO at mixing ratios of a ppt and higher, possibly approaching a ppb for especially halogen-rich volcanic gases, several kilometers downwind of degassing sources. In general, however, ppb BrO and ClO levels in volcanic plumes several kilometers downwind probably require nearvent, high-temperature reaction of magmatic gases with air and/or in-plume heterogeneous chemical processes involving aerosols during plume transport. These processes oxidize bromine and chlorine in HBr and HCl, giving rise to increased levels of reactive Br, Cl, and HO, in addition to NOx. They can also produce significant amounts of the photochemically active precursors Br2, BrCl, and Cl2, which are photolyzable to reactive Br and Cl. The precursors may build up in nighttime volcanic plumes and accelerate ozone destruction and BrO and ClO production after sunrise. Downwind conversion of reactive Br, Cl, H, and HO from volcanic gas sources by catalytic reaction chains to HOBr and HOCl may trigger heterogeneous chemical processes, which are probably essential for sustaining ozone destruction in volcanic plumes. Gas-phase reactions of HBr and HCl with HO in volcanic plumes might also boost BrO and ClO downwind. Thus in-plume processes that generate reactive halogens may contribute significantly to ozone destruction in volcanic plumes. Enhanced levels of HOx and NOx in volcanic emissions may trigger nonhalogen catalytic cycles depleting ozone in tropospheric volcanic plumes.
A comparative analysis of water price support versus drought compensation scheme

This paper examines the preferred governmental intervention towards crops growing methods in semi-arid regions. These regions are characterized by an average amount of rain which is sufficient to grow the crop but it is also very risky. The farmers' attitude towards risk motivates the government to encourage them to shift to more profitable and riskier crop rotations. The paper analyses two alternatives of which the government can work through: drought compensation scheme (DCS) and water price support (WPS). The semi-arid region in Israel is analyzed and policy conclusions are derived. In particular it is shown that for different sub-regions within the semi-arid region different mechanisms are preferred by the government and the farmers. Sometimes these mechanisms coincide and sometimes they do not. A welfare analyzes compares the different situations. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
NADA: New Arabic Dataset for Text Classification

In the recent years, Arabic Natural Language Processing, including Text summarization, Text simplification, Text Categorization and other Natural Language-related disciplines, are attracting more researchers. Appropriate resources for Arabic Text Categorization are becoming a big necessity for the development of this research. The few existing corpora are not ready for use, they require preprocessing and filtering operations. In addition, most of them are not organized based on standard classification methods which makes unbalanced classes and thus reduced the classification accuracy. This paper proposes a New Arabic Dataset (NADA) for Text Categorization purpose. This corpus is composed of two existing corpora OSAC and DAA. The new corpus is preprocessed and filtered using the recent state of the art methods. It is also organized based on Dewey decimal classification scheme and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique. The experiment results show that NADA is an efficient dataset ready for use in Arabic Text Categorization.
The inhibitory effect of laughter yoga on the increase in postprandial blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients.

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of laughter therapy on the blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic patients. For this purpose, we used laughter yoga, which includes respiratory laughing and fun exercises. The study involved 211 participants, of which 110 were involved and 101 were not involved (control group) in laughter yoga. In both groups, the level of blood glucose was measured at arrival after they had standard brunch, a total of 250 Kcal. A 90minute lecture was followed by 30-minute intense workout for those participants who had laughter yoga included in the program. In both groups, the level of blood glucose was measured after 120 minutes. We found the inhibitory effect of laughter on the increase in postprandial blood glucose (P<0.05). Our study indicated the importance of daily opportunities for laughter in patients with diabetes.
Ascorbic acid enhances ciprofloxacin antibacterial activity in vitro against isolates of Escherichia coli from subclinical mastitis cases of buffaloes

Escherichia coli is one of the major bacteria along with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci that are encountered in mastitic milk samples obtained from subclinical mastitis cases in India. Ciprofloxacin is an antimicrobial fluoroquinolone, which is effective against Escherichia coli. As antioxidants like selenium, vitamin, E and Vitamin C have become adjunct therapeutic agents in the cases of mastitis along with antibacterial agents, the present study was aimed to find out the in vitro pharmacodynamic interaction of ascorbic acid with ciprofloxacin against E. coli isolated from mastitis milk samples of buffaloes. E. coli were isolated from the milk from buffaloes of sub clinical mastitis cases after clinical diagnosis. Cultural and biochemical tests were performed to identify the isolated organisms as E. coli from milk. Further DNA template isolated from the organism is subjected for polymerized chain reaction (PCR) for the specific primers Eco 2083 and Eco 2745 to confirm the identity of the organism. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin, ascorbic acid alone and combination of both compounds in serial dilution against clinical isolates of E. coli was performed using microplate method. Ciprofloxacin alone has shown MIC of 0.03 μg. mL against E. coli whereas ascorbic acid alone has no antibacterial activity. MIC of ciprofloxacin has been reduced to two fold (0.015μg.mL) when it was diluted in 8:2 to 4:6 ratio with ascorbic acid (0.1mg/ml) and thus indicating ascorbic acid potentiating the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin.
Application of robust estimation methods to simple models of nucleon separation energies

Some works have recently shown the usefulness of simple models of nucleon separation energies in terms of neutron and proton numbers. However, the customary use of least squares in the process of parameter estimation turns out to be extremely sensible to the accuracy of the model and the extent and quality of data (e.g. highly vulnerable to the sample size or the possible existence of undesired errors in the experimental values). We will show how robust estimation by global optimization instead of least squares estimation improves on both the stability of the estimated parameters and the extrapolation to unknown energies. Comparison against recently determined experimental data will show a level of agreement comparable to the predictions made by the best and much more complex models.
Potency: a readjustment‐promoting link in the rehabilitation of disabled persons

A study among a stratified sample of Israeli disabled war veterans ascertained the contribution of ‘potency’ - a recently discerned stress-moderating link in the coping process - in promoting the readaptation to social life of traumatically disabled persons. Potency reflects a combination of self-confidence and commitment to and trust in society. The data suggest that potency is likely to weaken the deleterious impact of inadequate coping with the unprecedented demands inherent in disability. Disabled army veterans with strong potency are less likely than those with weak potency to be affected by occasional coping failures, by subjectively perceived ‘demands’, or by occasional resource deficiencies. The evident instrumentality of potency for readjustment suggests that societal and personal factors simultaneously play a significant role in readjustment. The contribution of this study is in its illumination of the importance of the disabled person's perception of society, in addition to his/her individual resources, for successful reintegration into social life.
Effect of Ultrasonic Mould Vibration on Microstructure & Mechanical Properties of Pure Aluminium Casting During Solidification

The objective of the research is to understand the effect of ultrasonic mould vibration on mechanical properties and microstructure of pure aluminium during solidification. In the present work, effect of ultrasonic vibrations to the mould during solidification of commercially pure aluminium and their effect on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Microstructure and mechanical properties were also compared with casting without mould vibration. Grain refinement and increase in mechanical properties obtained due to the ultrasonic vibration of mould. The purity of aluminium sample considered for the research was found to be 96.89%, and the range of ultrasonic vibration was kept between 20 KHz to 30 KHz. The casting was done in stainless steel mould of thickness less than 0.5 mm. It was found that the ultrasonic mould vibrated casting has fine grain and improvement in mechanical properties as compared to the casting without ultrasonic mould vibration.