Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Jatropha curcas leaves mulch effect on seedling emergenceand growth of maize (zea mays)

Allelopathy is a process in which one plant species may usefully or adversely affect the growth of other plant species through the production of allelochemicals. During the present investigation, mulch effect of Jatropha curcas leaves was evaluated on seed germination and seedling growth of maize varieties viz. Pioneer (V1), Azam (V2) and Jalal (V3). Mulch was applied at 1 and 2 tons/hectare. Phenolic compounds were detected in Jatropha curcas leaf (131.15 mg gallic acid eq./gm extract). Mulch applied at 2 tons/hectare significantly reduced seed germination (%), germination index, relative water content, root width and seedling dry weight. From the findings of the present investigation, it was inferred that Jatropha curcas leaves exhibited phytotoxic effects on maize at high concentrations.
Assessing Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Options for Farm Performance Using Bio-Economic Models in Southwestern France

Regional impact studies are needed to explore possible adaptation options to climate change. We estimated impacts and adaptation options for future scenarios that feature different assumptions regarding climate, cropping pattern and access to irrigation with two bio-economic farm models. Farm profit, soil organic matter balance and labor input are used as indicators of farm performance. The difference between the baseline and the alternative configurations computed by models is referred as adaptation potential, indicative of the adaptation options including the corresponding changes in cropping patterns. Our results show that as long as there is sufficient access to irrigation water, there is little incentive to change current practices, as farming is at the economic optimum, has a positive soil organic matter balance and labor requirements can be met. Conversely, if irrigation is no longer possible, drastic impacts occur, causing a need to sustainably adjust on-going farm practices. Adaptation through changed crop selection reduced losses to some extent. We conclude that the use of bio-economic models can assist in evaluating the qualitative findings of participatory studies by quantitatively assessing possible climate change impacts and adaptation measures. Strong impacts of climate change, however, cannot be offset by changes in cropping patterns and need further adaptation measures.
Climate‐Driven Changes in the Ocean's Ventilation Pathways and Time Scales Diagnosed From Transport Matrices

We diagnose changes in the decadal‐mean ocean transport over the 21st century as simulated by the ACCESS‐1.3 model under RCP8.5 forcing. A matrix formulation of advection‐diffusion is used to quantify transport into the ocean interior and from the interior back to the surface. We compute the ocean volumes last ventilated at the surface, as well as the volumes next reexposed to the atmosphere, per unit area, and the distributions of water in transit between key ventilation regions. We find that for the 2090s circulation, Antarctic Bottom Water formation and Antarctic ventilation have collapsed but are compensated by increased mode water formation and ventilation at the poleward edge of the southern subtropical gyres. Reexposure of deep water back to the atmosphere in the Antarctic Southern Ocean is also reduced but compensated by enhanced reexposure in the subpolar Southern Ocean. Labrador Sea ventilation is suppressed, while there is increased ventilation in the eastern subpolar Atlantic. The 2090s surface‐to‐surface interbasin transport is much more sluggish than that of the 1990s, with 30–40% reduced volume flow rates. For transport from last ventilation in the subpolar North Atlantic to next ventilation in the tropical Eastern Pacific, the 2090s residence‐time distribution has a ∼40% longer mode with much more slowly decaying tails and correspondingly lagged path densities. The 2090s mean times since last ventilation, as well as themean times to reexposure are older in the Antarctic Southern Ocean and elsewhere progressively with depth, by up to ∼1,000 years in the abyss. Plain Language Summary The ocean's uptake and distribution of greenhouse gases, oxygen, and heat are determined by the time scales and pathways with which water is transported from the surface into the ocean interior, and from the interior back to the surface. Here we use highly efficient numerical methods to analyze climate model simulations of the global ocean circulation over the 21st century for a scenario with strong greenhouse gas emissions. We find that for the 2090s circulation, Antarctic deep‐water formation has nearly collapsed and the ocean volume that had last surface contact in the Southern Ocean has been roughly halved. To compensate, the volume that forms in subantarctic regions and provides nutrients to much of the world ocean nearly doubles. Less water is reexposed to the atmosphere in Antarctic seas while more is reexposed in adjacent waters to the north. Compared to the 1990s, the 2090s circulation is much more sluggish. Although the pathways from North Atlantic deep‐water formation to reexposure in the tropical eastern Pacific have similar geographic patterns, their most likely transport times are about 40% slower. For the ocean's deepest waters, the mean surface‐to‐surface transit times along the paths of the 2090s circulation are up to 2,000 years longer.
Impacto de la experiencia sensorial y la información sobre las preferencias de los consumidores por la carne de vacuno enriquecida en omega‑3 y ácido linoleico conjugado en tres ciudades españolas

espanolEste trabajo analiza el impacto de la informacion sobre el efecto en la salud del enriquecimiento de la carne con acidos grasos omega-3 (n-3) y el acido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y la experiencia sensorial sobre la importancia relativa de los atributos de la carne de vacuno (dieta animal, nivel de engrasamiento, precio, origen y color) en Barcelona, Zaragoza y Pamplona (n = 647 consumidores). Se utilizo un experimento de eleccion que se analizo con el modelo Multinomial Generalizado y que fue aplicado antes y despues de que los consumidores evaluaran la aceptabilidad de la carne enriquecida. Los atributos mas importantes antes de recibir informacion y experiencia sensorial, fueron el nivel de engrasamiento y el precio. Ademas, el color fue relevante en Barcelona y Pamplona y el origen en Zaragoza y Pamplona. Despues de recibir informacion y experiencia sensorial, el precio y la dieta animal fueron los factores mas importantes. Los precios mas bajos fueron elegidos en Zaragoza y los medio-bajos en Pamplona y Barcelona, mientras que la carne enriquecida con n-3 fue elegida frente a la enriquecida con CLA o convencional. Los consumidores de Pamplona fueron los menos influenciados por la informacion, pero los mas influenciados por la experiencia sensorial. Los resultados obtenidos permitirian desarrollar diferentes estrategias locales de comercializacion para una carne enriquecida con n-3 basadas en la explotacion de distintos atributos EnglishThis study evaluates the impact of information about the health benefits of enriched meat with omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids and conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) and the sensory experience on the relative importance of beef attributes (animal diet, level of fatness, price, origin, color), in Barcelona, Zaragoza and Pamplona (n = 647 consumers). A choice experiment analyzed with the Generalized Multinomial Model was applied before and after consumer evaluation of the acceptability of enriched beef. The most important attributes before receiving information and sensory experience were the level of fatness and price. In addition, color was relevant in Barcelona and Pamplona and origin in Zaragoza and Pamplona. After receiving information and sensory experience, price and animal diet were the most important attributes. The lowest prices were selected in Zaragoza and the medium-low prices in Pamplona and Barcelona, while n-3 enriched beef was chosen against CLA enriched meat or conventional beef. Consumers from Pamplona were the least influenced by information, but the most influenced by sensory experience. Results would allow developing different local marketing strategies for enriched meat with n-3 fatty acids based on the exploitation of different attributes
Stabilising pipe flow by a baffle designed using energy stability

Abstract Previous experimental (Kühnen et al., Flow Turb. Combust., vol. 100, 2018, pp. 919–943) and numerical (Marensi et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 863, 2019, pp. 850–875) studies have demonstrated that a streamwise-localised baffle can fully relaminarise pipe flow turbulence at Reynolds numbers of $O(10^4)$. Optimising the design of the baffle involves tackling a complicated variational problem built around time stepping turbulent solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations which is difficult to solve. Here instead, we investigate a much simpler ‘spectral’ approach based upon maximising the energy stability of the baffle-modified laminar flow. The ensuing optimal problem has much in common with the variational procedure to derive an upper bound on the energy dissipation rate in turbulent flows (e.g. Plasting & Kerswell, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 477, 2003, pp. 363–379) so well-honed techniques developed there can be used to solve the problem here. The baffle is modelled by a linear drag force $-F(\boldsymbol {x}) \boldsymbol {u}$ (with $F(\boldsymbol {x}) \ge 0 \ \forall \boldsymbol {x}$) where the extent of the baffle is constrained by an $L_{\alpha }$ norm with various choices explored in the range $1 \leq \alpha \leq 2$. An asymptotic analysis demonstrates that the optimal baffle is always axisymmetric and streamwise independent, retaining just radial dependence. The optimal baffle which emerges in all cases has a similar structure to that found to work in experiments: the baffle retards the flow in the pipe centre causing the flow to become faster near the wall thereby reducing the turbulent shear there. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the designed baffle can relaminarise turbulence efficiently at moderate Reynolds numbers ($Re \le 3500$), and an energy saving regime has been identified. Direct numerical simulation at $Re=2400$ also demonstrates that the drag reduction can be realised by truncating the energy-stability-designed baffle to finite length.
Development and test of a new carbon capture system using Zeolite with addition of Activated carbon and Monoethanolamine for IC engines

Global warming is one of the major concerns of the modernera. It is caused bythe surplus presence ofgases like CO2, CH4, NOx, and SF6, which can entrap the sun’s warmth within our atmosphere leading to the greenhouse effect. Past surveys showthat the atmospheric CO2levels, which has been on a steady rise due to burning of fossil fuels as well as incomplete combustion in IC engines, is the key factor to the climate change problem the world is facing right now. One of the ways to reduce thisCO2crisis is to capture carbon emissions at the source itself. This paper deals with a process to reduce CO2 levels by employing a combination of zeolite, activated carbon and monoethanolamine (MEA) with the help of Aluminium fine wire mesh. The properties of zeolite 5A have been adapted in capturing the CO2 due to their high micro porous structure and MEA due to its high CO2 absorbing characteristics. A slurry is prepared and the aluminium wire mesh is dipped in it, dried and is later kept in the exhaust pipe for the results. A comparison of the carbon emission with and without mesh is tabulated and presented with discussions.
Advanced Programming Techniques for a CNC Milling Machine

:- This paper takes advantage of the powerful capabilities of modern CNC controllers such as sub-programming and parametrization to demonstrate the efficiency improvement of machining operations as a result of applying them in short, flexible and smart CNC programs. To show the benefits of using the above capabilities over conventional G/M programming language, three representative applications are presented through manufacturing drawings, flowcharts, program lists and simulation results. As it is deduced by all three cases, sub-programming and parametrization facilitates the full exploitation of the potential of a CNC machine and makes CNC machines easier to work with.
Distance-Based Resource Allocation for Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Safety Communication

Cellular Vehicle to Everything (V2X) has redefined the vehicular communication architecture as something that needs an ultra-reliable link, high capacity, and fast message delivery in vehicular networks. The V2X scenarios are broadly categorized as Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle to Pedestrians (V2P), and Vehicle to Network (V2N). Vulnerable pedestrians belong to the V2P category and hence require an ultra-reliable link and a fast message delivery in case the moving vehicle is in the close proximity of the pedestrian. However, congestion in the network calls for an optimized resource allocation that would allow a fast and secure connection between a vehicle and the pedestrian. In this paper, we have proposed a distance-based resource allocation that classifies the pedestrians in different categories, performs a one-to-many weighted bipartite matching, and finally a reinforcement learning based power allocation.
Knowledge level and attitude for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV vaccines among medical school students

Objective: Cervical cancer is a major health issue among women worldwide. Unlike other common cancers, it is almost completely preventable by human papillomavirus (HPV) based screening strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze the knowledge levels of medical students for HPV infection and some of their thoughts regarding HPV vaccine. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on medical students in the first 3 years of education and their first-degree relatives. The basic data of the questionnaire included 29 multiple-choice questions about the level of knowledge of HPV infection and associated diseases, the level of knowledge of HPV vaccine, and attitude towards HPV vaccine. Results: Of the study participants, it was found that 158 (82.7%) of the 191 students heard of HPV infection, while 38 (57.6%) of the 66 student relatives heard of HPV infection, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p≤ 0.005). While 120 (62.8%) of the 191 students stated that they heard of HPV vaccine, 30 (45.5%) of the 66 student relatives stated that they heard of HPV vaccine. Although the level of knowledge of the medical school students was higher compared to their first-degree relatives, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the rates of willingness to get vaccinated. Conclusion: Education and orientation efforts for both HPV and HPV vaccine should be emphasized more in order to increase the awareness among both university students and society.
Transporter Gene Expression and Transference of Fructose in Broiler Chick Intestine

Recent studies have suggested that a high-fructose diet leads to the development of metabolic syndrome in mammals. However, relatively little information is available regarding the absorption of fructose in the chicken intestine. We therefore investigated fructose absorption and its transporters in the chicken small intestine. The gene expression of three transporters (glucose transporter protein member 2 and 5 and sodium-dependent glucose transporter protein 1) in the jejunum of fasted chicks were lower than those in chicks fed ad libitum. The everted intestinal sacs (in vitro method for investigating intestinal absorption) showed that the concentration of fructose uptake rapidly increased within 15 min after incubation, and then gradually increased until 60 min. After 15 min of incubation, fructose uptake in the ad libitum chick intestine was approximately 2-fold that in the fasted intestine and was less than half of the glucose uptake in the ad libitum chick intestine. Our results suggest that fructose is absorbed in the small intestine of chicks and that uptake is decreased by fasting treatment with decreases in the mRNA expression of related transporters.
Practical Reverse Engineering of Secret Sboxes by Side-Channel Analysis

Although security by obscurity has been proven useless for years, it is still used in some application, such as industry or government agencies. In this paper, we demonstrate practical recovery of substitution box (Sbox) from secret AES-like ciphers by side-channel analysis for reverse engineering or SCARE. By detecting side-channel collision, one can determine the Sbox mapping in an iterative manner. The Sbox recovery is demonstrated with practical measurements from a commercial microcontroller. Three different collision techniques are tested and with all the three techniques, the secret Sbox is recovered with high success.
Is dog domestication due to epigenetic modulation in brain

Dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ), derived from wolves ( Canis lupus ), are known as the first domesticated animal and dogs have been living in human environment for about 25.000 years. Today researchers tend to proclaim a self-domestication-process, but they are still figuring out, why and how this process started. During the Palaeolithic period, humans and wolves lived in similar structured family clans as cooperative hunters in the same ecological niche. Evolutionary continuity of mammalian brains enabled humans and wolves interspecific communication and social interaction which reduced stress and aggression during their frequently contacts as the first step of a natural domestication process. Domestication means decreased aggression and decreased flight distance concerning to humans. Therefore changes of the activity of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are suspected to be important during the domestication processes from wolf to dog. The hypothesis of Active Social Domestication (ASD) considers genetic selection as a necessary prediction but not a sufficient explanation of dog domestication. In addition dog domestication is suggested to be essentially an epigenetic based process that changes the interactions of the HPAaxis and the 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system. The limbic brain regions such as hippocampus and amygdala play a key role in the mood control. They are sensitive to glucocorticoids and innerved by serotonergic projections. The HPAaxis and the 5-HT system are closely cross-regulated under physiological conditions. The activity of the HPAaxis is influenced thru an enhancement of the corpus amygdala and an inhibition thru the hippocampus. Hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor density (hGCR) is likely to affect its inhibitory effect on this system. Pro-social behaviour enhances epigenetically hGCR expression via increased serotonin and subsequently increased nerve growth factor levels binding on GRexon1;7promotorbloc inducing its demethylation and thus leading to decreased cortisol levels. Low cortisol levels increase social learning capability and promote the activity of the prefrontal cortex contributing to better executive function including better cognitive inhibition. Thus epigenetically decreased cortisol levels of less stressed human-associated wolf clans allowed them to extend their social skills to interactions with humans. Over time tame wolves could grow into domestic dogs able to emerge human directed behaviour.
GREEN-BASED GOVERNANCE AND EXTERNAL PRESSURE: DO THEY INFLUENCE ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ISO 14001 COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the synergistic influence of green-based governance and external pressure on the quality of environmental disclosure among ISO14001 certified companies that are publiclylisted in Malaysia. Methodology: Content analyses have been conducted on the 2014 annual and sustainability reports of ninety (90) ISO14001 certified companies. Results: The results of the multiple regression analyses reveal that green-based governance in the form of an effective environmental management system (EMS) and external pressure from industry membership influence the quality of environmental disclosure. The findings of the study signify that a proper EMS system needs to be implemented in order to reduce agency conflicts arising from information asymmetry. Implications: Companies need to have an effective environmental management system such as ISO14001 companies are motivated to provide quality environmental information to reduce information asymmetry and agency conflicts between managers and stakeholders.
Tex19 : a germ cell-specific gene associated with pluripotency

The establishment of the mammalian germline is a critical event during embryogenesis, producing a population of cells that will give rise to the gametes in the adult organism. Germ cells are the only population of cells in the adult organism shown to retain pluripotency the ability to differentiate into all the different germ layers of the embryo. This property is shared with embryonic stem cells and tumourderived embryonal carcinoma cells, and the molecular mechanisms underpinning pluripotency are likely to be similar in all three systems. The core circuitry of transcription factors required to establish and maintain pluripotency is relatively well characterised. However, many of these important transcription factors also regulate a large number of genes involved in processes other than transcription, some of which may also play an important role in maintaining stem cell plasticity. Understanding the entire molecular basis of pluripotency will improve the use of ES cells as a model system for differentiation and development, enhance the therapeutic potential of stem cells and provide insights into the mechanisms of tumourigenesis. Testis Expressed Gene 19 has been identified in screens for genes expressed in spermatogonia, embryonic stem cells, and for targets of translational regulation by the germ cellspecific protein Dazl. The work presented here characterises the expression pattern of Texl9 in the gonads and stem cells, establishing a correlation between the expression of Texl9 and pluripotent potentiality. A human homologue of Texl9 is found to be expressed in stem cells and cancer, and the evolution of the gene family in mammals is investigated. Finally, the function of Tex19 and its relationship with Dazl is also investigated.
The Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Affect in the Association of Perceptions of Parenting Styles with Resilience among Adolescents with Addicted Parents

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the association of perceptions of parental involvement, autonomy support, and warmth with resilience among Adolescents with Addicted Parents. Method : In this descriptive-correlational study, 63 Adolescents of Addicted Parents studying in Zahak and Hirman, located in Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran, were selected using convenience sampling method. The participants completed the questionnaires on perceptions of parenting styles, resilience, and positive and negative affect. Data were analyzed via the correlation coefficient and path analysis. Results: The results showed that the adolescents’ perceived parenting styles were directly and significantly related to positive affect and resilience (P < 0.01). Moreover, the results of the path analysis indicated that mediated by positive affect, the adolescents’ perceived parenting styles predicted resilience indirectly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Given the results of this study, perceived parenting styles can directly and indirectly predict resilience. It can be concluded that adolescents’ perceived parenting styles can enhance resilience among them through promoting positive affect.