Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential responses of phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria to organic and inorganic nutrient additions in coastal waters off the NW Iberian Peninsula

The short-term effects of inorganic N and P (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate) and organic C and N (glucose, amino acids) input, added separately as well as jointly, on microplankton commu- nity structure and metabolism were studied in 6 microcosm experiments conducted from February to July 2008 in a eutrophic coastal embayment in NW Spain under contrasting hydrographic conditions. The responses of planktonic communities were highly variable. Strong positive effects of combined inorganic and organic nutrient enrichments for phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria were found. In most experiments enhanced phytoplankton biomass and productivity (primary production increased up to 5.5-fold) was measured after mixed (inorganic plus organic) additions but phyto- plankton responded only in one of the experiments after inorganic additions. Heterotrophic bacteria responded faster than phytoplankton to the additions but were never affected by inorganic nutrient additions, suggesting a C limitation of bacterial activity in this coastal environment. Heterotrophic bacteria biomass, productivity, and respiration responded to mixed additions (containing C, N, and P) in all the experiments (bacterial production increased from 14- to 34-fold) whereas its response to organic (containing C and N) additions greatly differed among experiments (bacterial production increased from 0.6- to 21-fold), which could be partially related to P availability. A general increase in bacterial growth efficiency occurred only after mixed additions (up to 2-fold). The tendency towards heterotrophy of the microbial plankton community was weaker after the mixed (Production/Respira- tion (P/R) ratio changes from 0.34- to 1.6-fold) than after the organic additions (P/R changes from 0.16- to 0.8-fold). Our results suggest that phytoplankton requirememnts for organic nutrients for growth and P deficiency of bacterial populations intermittently occur in this coastal area.
Exploring the effects of Clustering Algorithms on Free Text Recommendation

In this paper, we provide a study on the effects of applying classical clustering algorithms, such as k-Means to free text recommender systems. A typical recommender system may face problems when the number of items from a database goes from a few items to hundreds of items. Currently, one of the most prominent techniques to scale the database is applying clustering, however clustering may have a negative impact on the accuracy of the system when applied without taking into consideration the underlying items. In this work, we build a conceptual text recommender system and use k-Means to partition its search space into different groups. We study how the variation of the number of clusters affects its performance in the light of two performance measurements: recommendation time and precision. We also analyze if this clustering is affected by the representation of text we use. All the techniques used in this study uses word-embeddings to represent the document. One of the main findings of this work is that using clustering we can improve the recommendation time in up to almost 30 times without affecting much off its initial accuracy. Another interesting finding is that the increment of the number of clusters is not directly translated into linear performance.
Chapter 1 A Call for Biomechanics to Understand Hypotonia and Speech Movement Disorders in Down Syndrome

While a neurotypically developing child reaches 100% speech intelligibility by age 4, it is unusual for children with Down syndrome (DS) to achieve this level of intelligibility at any age [1]. This is due, in part, to altered biomechanics and physical growth delays that affect craniofacial and thoracic/limb structure, along with a pervasive movement disorder characterized by hypotonia and motor delay. The predominance of reports focused on limb-body features and movement characteristics, justifies the call for research on the biomechanics and neuromotor control features of the vocal and aerodigestive tract as it relates to speech and feeding in children with DS. This chapter considers available data on clinical measurement and new approaches to orofacial biomechanics in the context of craniofacial motor control and speech impairment in DS. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative methods of assessing orofacial biomechanics are presented to lead to more efficacious therapeutic interventions and functional outcomes for speakers with DS.
Crystal structure and spectroscopic properties of (Zn(2-qmpe)Cl 2 ) containing diethyl (quinolin-2-ylmethyl)phosphonate ligand (2-qmpe)

The crystal structure of [Zn(2-qmpe)Cl2] (2-qmpe, diethyl (quinolin-2-ylmethyl) phosphonate) ligand) was determined by X-ray-diffraction. The compound was also characterized by IR, far-IR, 1 H and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. In the molecule, 2-qmpe acts as a bidentate N,O-chelate ligand. Tetrahedral ZnNOCl2 environment of Zn(II) atom is slightly distorted. The structure is stabilized by intermolecular H bond and π⋅⋅⋅π interactions. The spectral features are in agreement with the structural data.
Analysis and Mitigation of Phase Noise in Centralized/De-centralized MIMO Systems

The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques are anticipated to be widely employed in future wireless networks to address the ever-increasing capacity demands. A MIMO channel, typically modeled as a matrix with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) complex Gaussian entries, provides multiple spatial dimensions for communications. At high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), Shannon capacity can increase linearlywith the minimum number of transmit and receive antennas. However, achieving these dramatic capacity gains in practice, especially for outdoor deployment, could be problematic. One severe problem is the rank deficiency and ill-conditionness of the MIMO channel matrix H. This is mainly caused by the spatial correlation due to the scattering environment and the antenna configurations, and sometimes by the "keyhole" effect even though the fading is essentially uncorrelated on each end of the channel. Therefore, the MIMO capacity may be greatly reduced and adding more (co-located) antennas only wastes resources. The distributed antenna is an efficient way to solve this problem. In the downlink of a distributed antenna system, antennas allocated at several base stations (BS) constitute an antenna pool and can be used with a suitable MIMO transmission mode. Compared with a conventional centralized MIMO system, the distributed (de-centralized) MIMO system possesses many advantages, such as higher system capacity, better handoff performance, lower outage probability and higher data rates, especially at cell boundaries. However, it is also easier to be affected by phase noise (PN). Oscillator noise stems from oscillator inaccuracies in both the transmitter and the receiver, and manifests itself in the baseband as additional phase and amplitudemodulation of the received samples. The influence of oscillator noise on the signal depends on the noise characteristics of the oscillators in the system and on the signal bandwidth. It is generally split in amplitude noise and phase noise (PN). The influence of the amplitude noise on the data samples is often neglected (Robins, 1982). The phase noise contribution of both the transmitter and receiver can be viewed as an additional multiplicative effect of the radio channel, like fast and slow fading.
President Trump Tweets Supreme Leader Kim Jong-Un on Nuclear Weapons: A Comparison with Climate Change †

A set of 125 tweets about North Korea’s Supreme Leader Kim Jong-Un by President Trump from 2013 to 2018 are analysed by means of the data mining technique, sentiment analysis. The intention is to explore the contents and sentiments of the messages contained, the degree to which they differ, and their implications about President Trump’s understanding and approach to international diplomacy. The results suggest a predominantly positive emotion in relation to tweets about North Korea, despite the use of questionable nicknames such as “Little Rocket Man”. A comparison is made between the tweets on North Korea and climate change, madefrom 2011–2015, as Trump has tweeted many times on both issues. It is interesting to find that Trump’s tweets on North Korea have significantly higher positive polarity scores than his tweets on climate change.
Global Strategic Patenting and Innovation – Policy and Research Implications

As an exclusionary property right, patents invite their use as a strategic weapon to shape markets and to reap monopoly rents through patent monetization. The increasing variety and global reach of Strategic Patenting strategies pose new and under-researched challenges for the international distribution of innovation gains. This Think Piece explores the proliferation of strategic patenting strategies, and highlights the growing complexity and uncertainty of the international patent system that result from the increasing use of patents as market deterrents and as a new asset class. Part One of the paper introduces four manifestations of strategic patenting that are well documented in the literature, i.e. the use of standard-essential patents (SEPs) as entry deterrents; aggressive patent infringement litigation that has galvanized the smart phone wars, with Apple as the pioneer; the proliferation of patent monetization services; and the use of cross-border patent licensing as a tool for corporate transfer pricing and tax planning. While existing research provides important insights into the drivers, we lack systematic theoretical and empirical research on how strategic patenting affects the international distribution of innovation gains. Part Two seeks to shed light on two recent forms of strategic patenting which need both theoretical and empirical case study research, i.e. the rise of Sovereign Patent Funds (SPFs), and first signs of patent-avoiding latecomer strategies, with China’s Xiaomi as the most prominent example. The paper concludes with questions for policy and further research.
Quantifying Mobility of Urban Inhabitant Based on Social Media Data

 Abstract — Check-in locations on social media provide information about an individual’s location. The millions of units of data generated from these sites provide knowledge for human activity. In this research, we used a geolocation service and users’ texts posted on Twitter social media to analyze human mobility. Our research will answer the questions; what are the movement patterns of a citizen? And, how far do people travel in the city? We explore the people trajectory of 201,118 check-ins and 22,318 users over a period of one month in Makassar city, Indonesia. To accommodate individual mobility, the authors only analyze the users with check-in activity greater than 30 times. We used sampling method with a systematic sampling approach to assign the research sample. The study found that the individual movement shows a high degree of regularity and intensity in certain places. The other finding found that the average distance an urban inhabitant can travel per day is as far as 9.6 km.
High Support Need and Minimally Verbal Children with Autism Playing a Preference Based Computer Game: A Pilot Eye-Tracking Study of Four Individual's Attendance to Eyes.

Individuals with autism often exhibit atypical levels of attention to eyes. High support need and minimally verbal individuals with autism have typically received less attention in research. This study explored a preference based computer game to include the less-studied individuals with autism in their own school environment. Four high support need and minimally verbal children with autism played a familiar computer game where correct decisions were contingent on attending to the eyes of a virtual character. Case control analyses were used to compare individual’s results to a control group. The analyses revealed that one child spent less time looking at the eyes than did the controls, and two children did not differ from the controls. There was no usable data for the fourth child. Our results suggest that high support need and minimally verbal children can be included in eye tracking research by using familiar positive environments.
Beyond Climate Change and Health: Integrating Broader Environmental Change and Natural Environments for Public Health Protection and Promotion in the UK

Increasingly, the potential short and long-term impacts of climate change on human health and wellbeing are being demonstrated. However, other environmental change factors, particularly relating to the natural environment, need to be taken into account to understand the totality of these interactions and impacts. This paper provides an overview of ongoing research in the Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) on Environmental Change and Health, particularly around the positive and negative effects of the natural environment on human health and well-being and primarily within a UK context. In addition to exploring the potential increasing risks to human health from water-borne and vector-borne diseases and from exposure to aeroallergens such as pollen, this paper also demonstrates the potential opportunities and co-benefits to human physical and mental health from interacting with the natural environment. The involvement of a Health and Environment Public Engagement (HEPE) group as a public forum of “critical friends” has proven useful for prioritising and exploring some of this research; such public involvement is essential to minimise public health risks and maximise the benefits which are identified from this research into environmental change and human health. Research gaps are identified and recommendations made for future research into the risks, benefits and potential opportunities of climate and other environmental change on human and planetary health.
Determination of Propagation Path Loss and Contour Map for FUTA FM Radio Federal University of Technology, Akure Nigeria

FM signal propagation through the troposphere interacts with the terrain as obstacles and reflection planes. To understand the degree of interaction, signal strength measurements of the 93.1MHz frequency modulated Radio located at Federal University of Technology; Akure, Nigeria was carried out in the area surrounding the station. The paper reviews the various models for predicting transmission loss and employed the long rice irregular terrain model for its versatility for the study. The losses along the paths were determined and this was compared with the path loss predicted by the irregular terrain model and this was highly correlated. The result offers useful data for developing the contour map of the propagation loss which was developed for the station. It was concluded that with the irregular terrain model predictions can be used for accurate spectrum management in Nigeria.
Performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed boiled cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L Walp ) and or black common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) meal diets

A total of 256 broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effect of replacing meat meal with boiled cowpea and/or black common bean on the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. At the starter phase, boiled cowpea and or black common bean meal constituted 11% of S1, S2 and a 1:1 ratio of boiled cowpea and black common (S3) diets replacing 100% of meat meal and 25% of fish meal. For the finisher phase, 14% boiled cowpea (F1), 14% boiled black common bean (F2) and an equal proportion (1:1) of boiled cowpea and black common bean meals (F3) were used to replace 100% meat meal and 25% fish meal. During the starter period, feed intake and weight gain were significantly (P 0.05) difference was observed between treatment groups for feed conversion ratio and feed cost for the production of 1 kg live body weight. At finisher, broilers started with the control starter diet and finished with any of the test diets significantly (P started the control starter diet and finished with either the control finisher diet or boiled cowpea diets. Carcass yield was significantly (P the other treatments. Cowpea and black common bean boiled for 30 min under uncontrolled temperature and pressure could not be recommended for broiler's diet formulation.
Subjective and Objective Measures of Sleep Quality in Advanced Cancer: A Possible Clinical Marker for Depression

Purpose: It is estimated that between 30 and 75% of patients with cancer experience depression, poor nocturnal sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Research designed to specifically examine associations of depression with subjective and objective sleep measures is lacking. Thus the purpose of these analyses was to compare relationships among depression, subjective and polysomnographic measures of sleep. Methods: Secondary data analysis design was used to assess sleep quality, and self-rated depression of patients with advanced cancer recruited from a university-based medical system. Responses to the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index (PSQI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and polysomnography data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation, and regression statistics. Results: A total of 114 patients with advanced cancer completed the study. PSQI and ESS scores were positively correlated with BDI-II scores. Total nocturnal sleep time and a prolonged REM latency were also positively related to BDI-II scores. When controlling for selected demographic and clinical features, the relationships between polysomnographic variables and depression were no longer significant. Conclusions: Depression was related to subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness suggesting that these problems occur together. In addition, higher levels of depression were associated with nocturnal sleep time and prolonged REM latency.
Syntactic conditions on adjunct classes

The paper claims that in German and English five major classes of adjuncts have to be distinguished syntactically: (i) sentence adjuncts, (ii) frame adjuncts, (iii) eventexternal adjuncts, (iv) event-internal adjuncts, (v) process-related adjuncts. Each of these is assigned a base position defined by distinct structural requirements that the elements of the given class have to meet with respect to the positions of certain other elements of the sentence. Approaches which try to describe the distribution of adjuncts just by principles of scope are rejected as incomplete. However, the proposed syntactic requirements are not as rigid as other approaches require, where there is just one possible base position for a given adjunct. Rather, in the approach advocated here, the syntactic constraints for a base position may be fulfilled in different places. In addition to the base positions, adjuncts may occur in a number of derived positions. In particular, it is argued that adjuncts can undergo scrambling in the middle field of a German clause. 1. On base positions in German It is well-known that in the middle field of a German clause, constituents may appear in various orders. Nevertheless, most syntacticians working on German agree that verbal arguments have base positions. Other serializations are derived from the base serialization by scrambling. Some of the tests which have been argued to reveal the base positions of arguments are the following: (I) Existentially interpreted w-phrases W-indefinites which have a non-specific existential reading resist scrambling in German. Therefore, they constitute a good means to determine base positions: (1) a. weil jemand was lesen will because someone something (or other) read wants ‘because someone wants to read something’ b. *weil was jemand lesen will
Tunable band gap in functionalized epitaxial graphene

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS SAPKOTA, INDRA P. B. SC. TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY, 2005 M. SC. ST. JOSEPH'S COLLEGE, 2008 TUNABLE BAND GAP IN FUNCTIONALIZED EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE Committee Chair: Xiao-Qian Wang, Ph.D. Thesis dated July, 2013 Graphene is a two-dimensional system consisting of a single planar layer of carbon atoms with hexagonal arrangement. Various approaches have been proposed to control its physical and electronic properties. Graphite intercalation compounds are materials formed by inserting molecular layers of compounds between stacked sheets of graphene. We have studied the physical and electronic responses of two graphene layers intercalated with gold cluster. Quasi free-standing graphene with Dirac fermion behavior has been recently demonstrated through gold intercalated epitaxial graphene. Herein, we investigate the electronic characteristics of gold-intercepted epitaxial graphene under a perpendicularly applied electric field. Evolution of the band structure of intercalated epitaxial graphene as a function of the bias is investigated by means of density-functional theory including interlayer van der Waals interactions. Our results indicate that goldintercalated epitaxial graphene can lead to tunable band gap with the applied bias, which is important for future device. Hexagonal boron-nitride (fc-BN) is an ideal substrate for graphene due to its dielectric, insulating, and polarizing features. Our first-principles investigation reveals that the interaction of the /i-BN substrate with graphene induces a band gap. The zigzagedged graphene and /i-BN nanoribbon possess intrinsic half-metalicity, whereas the reconstructed edges with heptagonal and pentagonal alterations yield metallic states. The application of a transverse electric bias to a graphene boron nitride nanoribbon (GBNNR) promotes a transition from exhibiting semiconducting states to half metallic properties while GBNNR with reconstructed edges undergo transition from metallic to semiconducting properties. THE TUNABLE BAND GAP IN FUNCTIONALEED EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE ATHESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CLARK ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MASTER OF SCIENCE
The Internet of Things: Vision, Architecture and Applications

The domain of the Internet has extended from computers to different types of heterogeneous and homogeneous sensors leading to connectivity of almost everything and making it smart. This has resulted in the development of Internet of Things (IoT). This paper attempts to give a brief description of the IoT system, its general architecture, the different layers of IoT architecture and the technologies used for the development of an IoT System. The main objective of the paper is to give recent advances in applications of various types in different domains. The application domains covers are Home Automation, Healthcare Sector, Smart Parking, Agricultural Areas, Wearable Devices and Fleet Management.
Customizing Painterly Rendering Styles Using Stroke Process

In this project we explore stroke based rendering(SBR), which is one of the fundamental research topics in Non-Photorealistic Rendering. We explore SBR by re-implementing the paper[1]. We created a userfriendly stroke based rendering software using OpenGL and Microsoft Foundation Class(MFC) Library that produces images with human-like painting styles.The major novelty of our software is that it enables user to intuitively control the output style. More than just following the pipeline proposed in [1], we also improved the stroke sampling and saliency computation methods used in[1] to produce more visual amusing visual effects. Our experiments show that our implementation is not only robust to input pictures of different input sizes but also capable of processing user-input efficiently and conveniently.