Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MODELAGEM E CONTROLE DE UM SISTEMA NÃO LINEAR EMPREGANDO A METODOLOGIA DE LINEARIZAÇÃO EXATA POR REALIMENTAÇÃO

O objetivo do trabalho e avaliar o desempenho do controle de nivel de um tanque conico, que apresenta uma dinâmica nao linear, utilizando um Controlador Digital PID (Proporcional, Integral e Derivativo) modifiado e utilizando a tecnica de Linearizacao Exata por Realimentacao para que o sistema atue em toda faixa de operacao. Primeiramente, foi feita a obtencao do modelo matematico da planta, onde seus parâmetros podem ser prontamente atribuidos por suas constantes de acordo com os aspectos geometricos e fisicos do tanque. Em seguida, efetuou-se uma substituicao da variavel de estado e introduziu-se uma variavel de entrada auxiliar. Depois de ter o sistema nao linear modifiado de modo a que o todo se comporte como linear, foi possivel utilizar tecnicas de controle lineares, mais conhecidas e mais efiazes para realizar o controle do sistema original. Essa tecnica tem sido utilizada com exito numa grande gama de aplicacoes: controle de bracos manipuladores, pecas de artilharia, helicopteros, avioes e satelites. O principal resultado foi a obtencao de um modelo robusto e com parâmetros que podem ser prontamente substituidos por suas constantes de acordo com os aspectos fisicos da planta. Alem disso, a simulacao computacional baseada no modelo analitico revelou que a metodologia da linearizacao aplicada e adequada para o projeto de controladores lineares em sistemas particularmente complexos, comumente encontrados na pratica
Selected prfA* Mutations in Recombinant Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes Strains Augment Expression of Foreign Immunogens and Enhance Vaccine-Elicited Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses

ABSTRACT While recombinant Listeria monocytogenes strains can be explored as vaccine candidates, it is important to develop attenuated but highly immunogenic L. monocytogenes vaccine vectors. Here, prfA* mutations selected on the basis of upregulated expression of L. monocytogenes PrfA-dependent genes and proteins were assessed to determine their abilities to augment expression of foreign immunogens in recombinant L. monocytogenes vectors and therefore enhance vaccine-elicited immune responses (a prfA* mutation is a mutation that results in constitutive overexpression of PrfA and PrfA-dependent virulence genes; the asterisk distinguishes the mutation from inactivation or stop mutations). A total of 63 recombinant L. monocytogenes vaccine vectors expressing seven individual viral or bacterial immunogens each in nine different L. monocytogenes strains carrying wild-type prfA or having prfA* mutations were constructed and investigated. Mutations selected on the basis of increased PrfA activation in recombinant L. monocytogenes prfA* vaccine vectors augmented expression of seven individual protein immunogens remarkably. Consistently, prime and boost vaccination studies with mice indicated that the prfA(G155S) mutation in recombinant L. monocytogenes ΔactA prfA* strains enhanced vaccine-elicited cellular immune responses. Surprisingly, the prfA(G155S) mutation was found to enhance vaccine-elicited humoral immune responses as well. The highly immunogenic recombinant L. monocytogenes ΔactA prfA* vaccine strains were as attenuated as the recombinant parent L. monocytogenes ΔactA vaccine vector. Thus, recombinant attenuated L. monocytogenes ΔactA prfA* vaccine vectors potentially are better antimicrobial and anticancer vaccines.
Identification of related information of interest across free text documents

An approach is presented for finding information of interest in a free text document and then identifying and presenting related information of interest from other free text documents. The goal is to find specific related items of interest within documents whether the documents are of the same category or not. Information of interest is defined with respect to expanded entity phrases and their ontology mappings. Powerful techniques requiring minimal training are described for expanding an entity phrase to include attributes from components of a complex sentence; for measuring relatedness of same-name expanded entity phrases; and for detecting related expanded entity phrases through ontology inferences. A representative dataset is described and preliminary measurements of performance against ground truth are provided.
Arranjo de plantas e seus efeitos na produtividade de grãos e teor de óleo em canola

O ajuste do arranjo de plantas representa um dos termos de manejo fundamental para a canola mostrar reacao positiva na capacidade de absorcao de energia luminosa, nutrientes e agua, o que reflete em maximizar a producao de fotoassimilados direcionados a planta e aos graos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a interferencia do arranjo de plantas sobre os componentes diretos e indiretos do rendimento de graos em canola, incluindo tambem, a determinacao dos efeitos proporcionados no conteudo de oleo. Nesse sentido, foi desenvolvido um experimento nos anos agricolas de 2008 e 2009 no Instituto Regional de Desenvolvimento Rural, pertencente ao Departamento de Estudos Agrarios da Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul (IRDeR/DEAg/UNIJUI), localizada no municipio de Augusto Pestana, RS. Para o estudo dos diferentes arranjos de populacao, foram utilizados tres espacamentos entrelinhas (0,20, 0,40 e 0,60 m), quatro densidades de plantas por metro quadrado (20, 40, 60 e 80 plantas m-2) e utilizando dois hibridos de canola (Hyola 432 e Hyola 61). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completamente casualizados com quatro repeticoes, num esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 4, para ano, genotipo e densidade de cultivo em tres distintos espacamentos entre linhas, respectivamente. Foram determinados os componentes direto e indiretos do rendimento de graos, o conteudo de oleo, caracteres morfologicos e adaptativos, bem como a soma termica e a insolacao durante o periodo de enchimento de graos. O ano de cultivo foi mais efetivo em alterar o rendimento de graos e demais caracteres diretos de producao em canola, bem como o teor de oleo, seguido do potencial genetico de cultivar e de menor participacao da densidade de cultivo. A cultivar Hyola 432 mostra maior efetividade em maximizar a producao de graos em relacao a Hyola 61, independente do ano, espacamento entre linhas e densidade de cultivo. Alem disso, no menor espacamento de cultivo, os caracteres diretos e indiretos do rendimento de graos apresentam elevados valores de herdabilidade e o carater numero de ramos terciarios evidencia forte estabilidade quando submetido a variacoes no arranjo de plantas. A soma termica nao apresenta correlacao com o rendimento de graos e teor de oleo. Por outro lado, variaveis relacionadas ao ciclo da cultura apresentam associacao com a soma termica e com a insolacao acumulada na fase de enchimento de graos de canola.
Effects of electromagnetic fields on osteoporosis: A systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) as a safe, effective and noninvasive treatment have been researched and used for many years in orthopedics, and the common use clinically is to promote fracture healing. The effects of EMFs on osteoporosis have not been well concerned. The balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity as well as the balance between osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells plays an important role in the process of osteoporosis. A number of recent reports suggest that EMFs have a positive impact on the balances. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of EMFs in the treatment of osteoporosis from basic research to clinical study and introduce the possible mechanism. In addition, we presented future perspectives of application of EMFs for osteoporosis.
Medium level scene representation using a VLSI smart hexagonal sensor with multiresolution edge extraction capability and scale space integration processing

This paper presents a sensing approach where photo-transduction, multi-resolution feature extraction, scale-space integration and edge tracking are performed on a mixed (digital-analog) VLSI architecture in order to generate medium-level scene description. The proposed system is mainly targeted for robot vision applications where feature description is preferred to a set of raw or raster 2D images and edge maps. The Multiport Access photo-Receptor (MAR) is a CMOS sensor and represents the main sensory part of this integrated image acquisition system. VLSI also provides means to integrate analog computing, digital controller and DSP co-processor modules which define a powerful sensory chip set for focal plane image processing. A current version of the MAR sensor which implements 256/spl times/256 pixels includes 16 analog spatial filters which simultaneously compute multiresolution edge maps. This unique 2D hexagonal smart sensor approach which performs up to 8.5/spl times/10/sup 9/ arithmetic Op/sec during the acquisition/filtering phase and 25/spl times/10/sup 9/ Logical Op/sec for scale-space integration allows high resolution image capability. It represents a significant improvement for passive sensory units in a compact assembly for computer vision applications. <<ETX>>
Effects of electron beam irradiation on deoxynivalenol levels in distillers dried grain and solubles and in production intermediates

Wheat contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON), and distillers dried grain and solubles (DDGS) obtained after ethanol production from the contaminated wheat, were irradiated to doses ranging from 2.0 to 55.8 kGy using an electron accelerator. Samples of wet distillers grain, distillers solubles and stillage obtained during production of DDGS were also irradiated. All samples were analysed for Fusarium trichothecene mycotoxins by a method involving use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The three production intermediates showed dose-dependent reductions in their DON contents ranging from 47.5 to 75.5% at the highest doses. Electron beam treatment produced a 17.6% reduction in the DON level of wheat at the highest dose used, but had no effect on DON in DDGS. These results indicate that electron beam treatment may provide a method for reducing DON levels in DDGS on an industrial scale.
COSTS OF REPRODUCTION INFLUENCE THE EVOLUTION OF SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM IN SNAKES

Most explanations for sex differences in adult body size have focused on differences between the two sexes in the degree to which larger body size enhances reproductive success. For example, the general tendency for females to grow larger than males has been attributed to production of larger litters by larger females (Darwin 1871; Trivers 1972; but see Shine 1988), and the correlation between large male size and mating systems with male-male competition has led many authors to conclude that larger male size enhances male reproductive success in such systems (Darwin 1871; Clutton-Brock et al. 1977; Shine 1978; Berry and Shine 1980). Because each of these hypotheses deals only with the relationship between body size and reproductive success within one sex, no prediction can be made about the relative sizes of the two sexes (Greenwood and Adams 1987; Shine 1987). The degree of size dimorphism is presumably determined by the relative intensities of selection for large size in the two sexes, as well as the degree of genetic correlation between the sexes for alleles associated with body size (Arnold 1985). It is entirely likely that large size enhances reproductive success in both sexes, but more strongly in one than in the other. In order to predict the actual direction or degree of sexual size dimorphism within a population, we need data on the effects of body size on reproductive success in both sexes. Such data are rarely available (Clutton-Brock 1988), so the balance between selective forces acting on conspecific males and females has rarely been evaluated. A comparative analysis of sexual size dimorphism and mating systems in snakes reveals that females grow larger than males in most species, but not in species that show male-male combat behavior (Shine 1978). The same pattern has been noted in many other animals, including other reptiles, and generally has been attributed to sexual selection for large male body size in taxa with male-male combat (Shine 1979; Berry and Shine 1980; Fitch 1981). Nonetheless, there are many exceptions to this generalization, and the most puzzling of these are species in which male-male combat occurs but in which females attain larger sizes than males. Species that fail to conform to the usual pattern may tell us a great deal about the factors responsible for those general patterns. In this paper, we use detailed demographic and ecological data on one of these atypical species (the adder Vipera berus) to test among potential explanations for female-larger dimorphism in a species with male-male combat. Our analyses suggest that sex differences in costs of reproduction may strongly influence optimal body sizes in each sex, and hence may affect the direction of sexual size dimorphism. We focus here on the potential costs and benefits of larger body size in terms of reproductive success, especially, fecundity selection in females and sexual selection in males.
Enhancing adherence to prescribed exercise: structured behavioral interventions in clinical exercise programs.

Exercise training is an integral component in the management of many chronic, lifestyle-related diseases. Therapeutic exercise training is an accepted adjunct to medical therapy for two of the four leading causes of death—cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)—and is considered one of the three cornerstones of treatment for diabetes mellitus. For each of these chronic conditions, the scientific literature clearly demonstrates that exercise is both beneficial and safe when applicable guidelines are followed. For example, an expert panel convened by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute conducted an extensive review of the scientific literature and concluded that patients with cardiovascular disease who participate in cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) realize substantial improvements in a variety of domains.1 Moreover, the panel asserted that scientific evidence consistently demonstrates that exercise training improves exercise tolerance, morbidity, and the ability to return to work after a cardiovascular event.2 The panel also found strong, albeit less consistent, evidence that exercise leads to improvements in cardiac symptoms, blood lipids, blood pressure, psychosocial well-being, and mortality.2 Exercise training also is an important component of contemporary pulmonary rehabilitation programs. A number of recent reviews have summarized the findings of research conducted over the past three decades.3–5 A consistent finding among most of the studies reviewed is that exercise leads to improvements in physical functioning as measured by timed walks for distance (6or 12-minute walks) and walking duration on the treadmill. Further, in one of the most comprehensive studies on pulmonary rehabilitation to date, Ries et al.6 randomized 119 patients with COPD to either an 8-week comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program or an 8-week education program. After the 8-week intervention, patients in the comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation groups realized significant improvements in exercise tolerance, symptoms of breathlessness, and walking self-efficacy compared with the education group. Lastly, exercise plays an important role in the treatment plan of most patients with diabetes. Common benefits of exercise for these patients include reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, improvements in body weight and composition, decreased blood pressure, and, for those with type 2 diabetes, improvement in glycemic control (i.e., glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels). 7,8 In addition, exercise training may reduce anxiety and enhance mood, self-esteem, and quality of life in these patients.9
Perbuatan dan Pertanggungjawaban Hukum dalam Bingkai Ushul Fikih

Ushul fikih merupakan suatu disiplin ilmu mengenai kerangka metode pencarian hukum Islam. Sebagai sebubah metode, ia berhadapan dengan realitas sosial tampil sebagai kerangka sosial atas fenomena yang terjadi, kini dan nanti. Karena memang salah satu objek kajiannya terkait dengan aktifitas dan rutinitas manusia, baik yang berhubungan dengan “Sang Hakim ” ataupun antar sesama “ Mahkum ”. Al-Qur’an sebagai kitab pedoman utama hukum Islam, oleh pakar teori hukum Islam ( ushuliyyun ), merupakan representasi Sang Hakim dalam “memutus” problematika sosial yang sudah seharusnya tidak berjarak dengan kenyataan empiris. Oleh karena itu, ushuliyyun dalam memperlakukan kaidah dan metode analisis hukum Islam bersifat value-loaded (penuh nilai) dan bukan value-free (bebas-nilai). Terlepas dari perdebatan mengenai kebenaran objektifitas atau subjektifitas, dalam ushul fiqh, “nilai-nilai tertentu” harus diterima apa adanya. Bahwa nilai itu tidak hanya merupakan ekspresi dari keinginan, kemauan, selera, atau pilihan individual an sich . Demikian pula, kondisi standar dan ideal bukan hanya sekedar refleksi harapan individual yang bersifat mutlak. Di sinilah, peran penting ushul fikih sebagai pengawal syari’at (baca; hukum Islam) yang pondasi-pondasinya oleh nabi Muhammad saw telah diperagakan limabelas abad silam. Inilah karakteristik logika hukum syari’at Islam yang berbeda dengan hukum lainnya. Namun, dalam perkembangannya saat ini, ushul fikih mengalami ketertinggalan oleh metodologi-metodologi hukum modern yang terus berkembang cepat dalam menjawab persoalan masyarakat dunia. Tulisan ini, penulis fokuskan pada kajian perbuatan dan pertanggungjawaban hukum yang oleh Ushuliyyun disebut dengan istilah mahkum fih dan mahkum ‘alaih . Dalam hal ini, Siapa mukhatab yang dimaksud oleh Syari’ (Allah swt)? Apa pula bentuk pertanggungjawabannya? Untuk menghampiri “kehendakNya” perlu pengetahuan yang komprehensip, salah satunya melalui studi Ushul Fikih.
Prior benzodiazepine use and buspirone response in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

BACKGROUND An earlier preliminary report suggested that prior treatment with benzodiazepines might predict a reduced response to buspirone in patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). To confirm or refute this hypothesis, the present data analysis was conducted. METHOD One large data set (N = 735) of GAD patients (DSM-III) treated with buspirone, a benzodiazepine, and a placebo was analyzed by dividing all patients into 3 prior benzodiazepine (BZ) treatment groups: no prior BZ treatment, recent (< 1 month) BZ treatment, and remote (> or = 1 month) BZ treatment. Using an intent-to-treat last-observation-carried-forward (LOCF) data set, acute 4-week treatment response was assessed in terms of clinical improvement, attrition, and adverse events as a function of these 3 prior benzodiazepine treatment groups. RESULTS Patient attrition was significantly higher (p < .05) in the recent BZ treatment group than in the remote and no prior BZ treatment groups with lack of efficacy given as the primary reason by patients receiving buspirone but not benzodiazepine or placebo. In the buspirone group, adverse events occurred more frequently in the recent BZ treatment group than in the remote BZ treatment and no prior BZ treatment groups. Finally, clinical improvement with buspirone was similar to benzodiazepine improvement in the no prior BZ treatment and remote BZ treatment groups, but less than benzodiazepine improvement in the recent BZ treatment group, leading to the smallest buspirone/placebo differences in improvement in the recent BZ treatment group. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the initiation of buspirone therapy in GAD patients who have only recently terminated benzodiazepine treatment should be undertaken cautiously and combined with appropriate patient education.
PERKEMBANGAN KARAKTER HADES DALAM NOVEL HAVE A HOT TIME, HADES! KARYA KATE MCMULLAN (ANALISIS PSIKOLOGI)

This research is entitled “Perkembangan Karakter Hades Dalam Novel Have a Hot Time, Hades! Karya Kate McMullan (Analisis Psikologi)”. The aims of this research is to identify and analyze the stages of character development of Hades from psychological perspective, as well as to analyze the character of Hades himself. In terms of methodology, the theory used for this analysis is the psychosocial development theory by Erik Erikson in Childhood and Society (1950). This research also applied the combination of two approaches namely the intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. The result of this research shows that Hades in the novel Have a Hot Time, Hades! have a unique and different personality than the Hades generally known from other literary works. They are, critics, sarcastic, critical thinking, positive thinking, and compassionate. While the stages of psychosocial development of Hades that are present in the novel are Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, and shows the result of Hades pass all the stages present with the domination of positive outcome. ___________________________________________________________
Spatially coordinated replication and minimization of expression noise constrain three-dimensional organization of yeast genome

Despite recent advances, the underlying functional constraints that shape the three-dimensional organization of eukaryotic genome are not entirely clear. Through comprehensive multivariate analyses of genome-wide datasets, we show that cis and trans interactions in yeast genome have significantly distinct functional associations. In particular, (i) the trans interactions are constrained by coordinated replication and co-varying mutation rates of early replicating domains through interactions among early origins, while cis interactions are constrained by coordination of late replication through interactions among late origins; (ii) cis and trans interactions exhibit differential preference for nucleosome occupancy; (iii) cis interactions are also constrained by the essentiality and co-fitness of interacting genes. Essential gene clusters associate with high average interaction frequency, relatively short-range interactions of low variance, and exhibit less fluctuations in chromatin conformation, marking a physically restrained state of engaged loci that, we suggest, is important to mitigate the epigenetic errors by restricting the spatial mobility of loci. Indeed, the genes with lower expression noise associate with relatively short-range interactions of lower variance and exhibit relatively higher average interaction frequency, a property that is conserved across Escherichia coli, yeast, and mESCs. Altogether, our observations highlight the coordination of replication and the minimization of expression noise, not necessarily co-expression of genes, as potent evolutionary constraints shaping the spatial organization of yeast genome.
Sealing ability of ProRoot MTA when placed as an apical barrier using three different techniques

Aus der Abteilung für Präventive Zahnmedizin und Kinderzahnheilkunde (Leiter: Prof. Dr. Christian H. Splieth) und aus der Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung, Parodontologie und Endodontologie (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. G. Meyer) im Zentrum für Zahn-, Mundund Kieferheilkunde (Geschäftsführender Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. G. Meyer) der Univerisitätsmedizin der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald