Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of SWIPT Relay Networks With Noncoherent Modulation

In this paper, we investigate the performance of noncoherent modulation in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) relay networks. Noncoherent modulation schemes eliminate the need for instantaneous channel state information estimation, and therefore, minimize the overall energy consumption of the network. In particular, we adopt a moments-based approach to develop a comprehensive novel analytical framework for the analysis of the outage probability, achievable throughput, and average symbol error rate (ASER) of a dual-hop SWIPT relay system considering the time switching (TS) and power splitting (PS) receiver architectures. In addition, through the derivation of new asymptotic analytical results for the outage probability and ASER, we analytically demonstrate that the diversity order of the considered system is non-integer less than 1 in the high signal-to-noise (SNR) regime. Our results show that there is a unique value for the PS ratio that minimizes the outage probability of the system, while this is not the case for the TS protocol. We also demonstrate that, in terms of system throughput, the TS relaying scheme is superior to the PS relaying scheme at lower SNR values. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation study is presented to corroborate the proposed analytical model.
MRI analysis to map interstitial flow in the brain tumor microenvironment

Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive form of brain tumor, is a disease marked by extensive invasion into the surrounding brain. Interstitial fluid flow (IFF), or the movement of fluid within the spaces between cells, has been linked to increased invasion of GBM cells. Better characterization of IFF could elucidate underlying mechanisms driving this invasion in vivo. Here, we develop a technique to non-invasively measure interstitial flow velocities in the glioma microenvironment of mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a common clinical technique. Using our in vitro model as a phantom “tumor” system and in silico models of velocity vector fields, we show we can measure average velocities and accurately reconstruct velocity directions. With our combined MR and analysis method, we show that velocity magnitudes are similar across four human GBM cell line xenograft models and the direction of fluid flow is heterogeneous within and around the tumors, and not always in the outward direction. These values were not linked to the tumor size. Finally, we compare our flow velocity magnitudes and the direction of flow to a classical marker of vessel leakage and bulk fluid drainage, Evans blue. With these data, we validate its use as a marker of high and low IFF rates and IFF in the outward direction from the tumor border in implanted glioma models. These methods show, for the first time, the nature of interstitial fluid flow in models of glioma using a technique that is translatable to clinical and preclinical models currently using contrast-enhanced MRI.
An exceptionally preserved association of complete dinosaur skeletons reveals the oldest long-necked sauropodomorphs

The rise of sauropodomorphs is still poorly understood due to the scarcity of well-preserved fossils in early Norian rocks. Here, we present an association of complete and exceptionally well-preserved dinosaur skeletons that helps fill that gap. They represent a new species, which is recovered as a member of a clade solely composed of Gondwanan Triassic taxa. The new species allows the definition of a set of anatomical changes that shaped sauropodomorph evolution along a period from 233 to 225 Ma, as recorded in the well dated Late Triassic beds of Brazil. In that time span, apart from achieving a more herbivorous diet, sauropodomorph dinosaurs increased their size in a ratio of 230% and their typical long neck was also established, becoming proportionally twice longer than those of basal taxa. Indeed, the new dinosaur is the oldest-known sauropodomorph with such an elongated neck, suggesting that the ability to feed on high vegetation was a key trait achieved along the early Norian. Finally, the clustered preservation mode of the skeletons represents the oldest evidence of gregarious behaviour among sauropodomorphs.
An Ensemble Method of CNN Models for Object Detection

Object detection is a research field that deals with detecting objects of a certain class in digital images and videos. Traditional methods of object detection were based on pre-structured features and had limitation on accuracy and computational efficiency. As deep learning had been proved to be a breakthrough, researches about object detection method based on deep learning, especially CNN, started. CNN-based object detection methods can be divided into two types. One is two-stage detector that once region proposals are generated, then they are classified. The other is one-stage detector that detects and classifies the object without generating region proposals. In two-stage detector case, combining CNN models is one of the ways to improve the accuracy in detection, which is called ensemble. In ensemble method, the region proposals generated from each CNN models are combined, classified, and finally voted. When selecting CNN models to be used in ensemble method, various properties of them should be considered in order to enhance complementary strength. In this paper, we propose advanced ensemble method in object detection with novel methods of model selecting and box voting. It is proved with experiment that the accuracy in object detection increased with our proposed methods. Also, combining the original method and our proposed method is expected to further increase the accuracy in detection and make ensemble model more robust.
An Influence-based Clustering Model on Twitter

This paper introduces a temporal framework for detecting and clustering emergent and viral topics on social networks. Endogenous and exogenous influence on developing viral content is explored using a clustering method based on the a user's behavior on social network and a dataset from Twitter API. Results are discussed by introducing metrics such as popularity, burstiness, and relevance score. The results show clear distinction in characteristics of developed content by the two classes of users.
A rapid method for estimation of the efficacy of potential antimicrobials in humans and animals by agar diffusion assay

Drug resistance continues to challenge traditional antimicrobial drugs and limit their clinical utility. This requires us to continue our search for new drug candidates with novel mechanisms of action against infectious diseases. We now describe a simple agar diffusion assay, which can be used as a general method for the rapid detection of antimicrobial activity of drug candidates in animal or human blood plasma for the ultimate prediction of the efficacy of potential drugs prior to clinical trials. We present an example for a clinical candidate against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Not the Function of Eating, but Spontaneous Activity and Energy Expenditure, Reflected in “Restlessness” and a “Drive for Activity” Appear to Be Dysregulated in Anorexia Nervosa: Treatment Implications

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is uncommon as a syndrome, despite widespread dieting or voluntary food restriction, especially among female adolescents. This suggests that restriction of caloric intake might not be the only component driving weight loss in AN. Historical observations and experimental evidence from energy expenditure studies and recordings from movement sensors reviewed in this paper reveal that AN is associated with motor activity levels and with an energy output not significantly different from that in normal-weight healthy age-matched controls. By contrast, other conditions of prolonged caloric under-nutrition are typically associated with loss of energy, slowing of movements and a decrease in self-initiated activity and well-being. Several hypotheses can be inferred from the findings: (a) that long term severe caloric restriction fails in downregulating movements and energy expenditure in AN. (b) Clinically and subjectively observable as mental and physical restlessness and continued motor activity, this restless energy, differing in intensity, seems to serve as the permissive factor for and possibly to drive exercise and hyperactivity in AN. (c) Such restless energy and increased arousal, generated sometime in the course of the weight loss process, appear to enhance the person’s self-perception and wellbeing, to heighten proprioception, to intensify body awareness and to improve self-esteem. (d) Restlessness and continued motor activity may constitute a phenotype of AN. The therapeutic value of the concept of an abnormality in the energy regulatory system, likely the result of a host of genetic and epigenetic changes in AN, lies primarily in its heuristic and explanatory power and its potential for disease prevention. Restless energy as a permissive and important component for the development and in the maintenance of AN, does not fundamentally alter treatment, since prolonged food deprivation is the principal causal factor for the development of AN. Re-nutrition within a structured treatment plan, to include individual and family therapy and, if indicated, heat application, remains the most effective symptomatic treatment for AN. Corroboration of the concept of restless activation will require the patient’s cooperation and input to identify and capture more precisely the experiences, sensations, and changes that allow the emaciated patient to remain mobile and active.
An Experimental Evaluation of the NeuroMessenger: A Collaborative Tool to Improve the Empathy of Text Interactions

Empathy plays an important role in social interactions, for example, in effective teaching-learning processes in teacher-student relationships, and in the company-client or employee-customer relationships, retaining potential partners and providing them with greater satisfaction. In parallel, the Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) support people in their interactions, especially when the interlocutors are geographically distant from one another. In CMC, there are several approaches to promote empathy in social or human- computer interactions. However, for this type of communication, a little explored mechanism to gain empathy is the use of the theory of Neurolinguistics that presents the possibility of developing a Preferred Representation System (PRS) for cognition in humans. In this context, this paper presents an experimental evaluation of the NeuroMessenger, a collaborative messenger library that uses Neurolinguistics, Psychometry and Text Mining to promote empathy among interlocutors, from the PRS identification and suggestion of textual matching. The results showed that the performance with the use of NeuroMessenger, in favor of empathy, was higher, as well as there was an evidence statistically significant of the difference between the distribution of grades in the empathy evaluation,in favor of NeuroMessenger. Despite the results are satisfactory, more research on textual matching to gain empathy is needed.
Soy-Based Infant Formula: Are Phyto-Oestrogens Still in Doubt?

Although Scientific Societies have stated that there are very few indications for the use of soy-based formula (SF) in infant nutrition, their utilization rates have been repeatedly found to be higher than expected. It is likely that a significant role in this regard is played by the belief that the use of SF during infancy can reduce the risk of the development of several diseases later in life. Although no definitive data that can substantiate these claims have been collected, many people perceive soy consumption to confer significant health benefits and might also use soy for infant nutrition. However, not all the problems regarding safety of SF in infants have been definitively solved. Among risks, the potentially toxic role of the phyto-oestrogens contained in SF is not definitively established. In vitro and animal studies have raised suspicions that SF could have potentially negative effects on sexual development and reproductive function, neurobehavioral development, immune function, and thyroid function. Several studies in humans have aimed to assess whether the results of animal studies can be applied to humans and whether SF can be used in infants following the official recommendations. The results are somewhat conflicting. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss what is presently known regarding the impact of phyto-oestrogens in SF on early and late child development. PubMed was used to search for the studies published from January 1980 to June 2017 using the keywords: “soy,” “soy formula,” “child,” “phytoestrogens. ” Analysis of the literature showed that a global evaluation of the impact of modern SFs on human development seems to suggest that their use is not associated with relevant abnormalities. Only children with congenital hypothyroidism need adequate monitoring of thyroid function.
Distinctive features of lincRNA gene expression suggest widespread RNA-independent functions

Combining single-cell RNA-seq of mouse ESCs and NPCs, lincRNA gene deletions, conditional RNA depletion, and nuclear exosome profiling distinguishes RNA-dependent and RNA-independent lincRNA gene activities. Eukaryotic genomes produce RNAs lacking protein-coding potential, with enigmatic roles. We integrated three approaches to study large intervening noncoding RNA (lincRNA) gene functions. First, we profiled mouse embryonic stem cells and neural precursor cells at single-cell resolution, revealing lincRNAs expressed in specific cell types, cell subpopulations, or cell cycle stages. Second, we assembled a transcriptome-wide atlas of nuclear lincRNA degradation by identifying targets of the exosome cofactor Mtr4. Third, we developed a reversible depletion system to separate the role of a lincRNA gene from that of its RNA. Our approach distinguished lincRNA loci functioning in trans from those modulating local gene expression. Some genes express stable and/or abundant lincRNAs in single cells, but many prematurely terminate transcription and produce lincRNAs rapidly degraded by the nuclear exosome. This suggests that besides RNA-dependent functions, lincRNA loci act as DNA elements or through transcription. Our integrative approach helps distinguish these mechanisms.
An insight into new strategies to combat antifungal drug resistance

Invasive fungal infections especially in immunocompromised patients represent a dominating cause of mortality. The most commonly used antifungal agents can be divided into three broad categories, including triazoles, echinocandins and polyenes. Antifungal resistance is on the increase, posing a growing threat to the stewardship of immunocompromised patients with fungal infections. The paucity of currently available antifungals leads to the rapid emergence of drug resistance and thus aggravates the refractoriness of invasive fungal infections. Therefore, deep exploration into mechanisms of drug resistance and search for new antifungal targets are required. This review highlights the therapeutic strategies targeting Hsp90, calcineurin, trehalose biosynthesis and sphingolipids biosynthesis, in an attempt to provide clinical evidence for overcoming drug resistance and to form the rationale for combination therapy of conventional antifungals and agents with novel mechanisms of action. What’s more, this review also gives a concise introduction of three new-fashioned antifungals, including carboxymethyl chitosan, silver nanoparticles and chromogranin A-N46.
Practice evaluation of biobank ethics and governance: current needs and future perspectives

Background Biobank research faces many ethical challenges. Ethics research aims to develop standards for governance to meet these challenges by elaborating overarching normative principles of medical ethics in the context of biobanking. Most ethical standards are widely agreed on among biobank stakeholders and entail specific governance solutions, for example, adoption of consent procedures. In order to fully meet its goal, every governance solution needs to be implemented, evaluated and, if necessary, adapted and improved in practice. This study reviews the scientific literature on biobank ethics and governance in order to identify studies that specifically focus on practice evaluation of biobank governance. Methods A PubMed search was carried out. Retrieved literature was categorised and thematically clustered. All studies that focus on practice evaluation were reviewed and their objectives, results, and recommendations for practice summarised. Results The findings show that the majority of studies on biobank ethics and governance are theoretical; only 25 out of 922 studies empirically evaluate biobank governance in practice. The majority of these (14; 59%) focused on informed consent. Six studies (24%) addressed practice evaluation of sample and data access; the rest focused on public involvement, ethics reporting and incidental findings. Other relevant governance areas such as ethics review, priority setting and sample ownership were not addressed. Conclusion In order to fulfil the ethical goals, more empirical research is needed that provides information on how governance mechanisms perform in practice and what improvements are needed.
Tuning the Winternitz hash-based digital signature scheme

It is known that, for a given set of parameters, the overall complexity for generating and verifying a signature is constant and independent of the document being signed, for the Winternitz one-time signature scheme (WOTS). These costs are due to the number of chained iterations of a function f. However, the cost for signature generation alone is slightly different from signature verification, and these depend directly on the document. We introduce a new variant for WOTS, which allows the adjustment of these costs, i.e. increase the overall signature generation time in favor of faster verification or vice-versa. We decrease the number of iterations of f by up to half, with regards to the verification procedure, for commonly used values of the Winternitz parameter w. Additionally, our experiments show that these proposals have substantial impact on Merkle-based signature schemes, such as XMSS.
ارتباط بین سطح خونی پروتئین واکنشگر با ماده C و لیپوپروتئینهای با دانسیته بالای کلسترول در جمعیت بزرگسال ساکن شهر تهران

كچ ي هد فده و هقباس : وت اب يمرس تظلغ نيب طابترا هب هج نيئتورپ شنكاو رگ اب هداـم C (C-reactive protein, CRP) و نيئتورپوپيل ياه اب هتيسناد يلااب لورتسلك (High density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) و بلق ياهيراميب و ،قورع فده زا هعلاطم نيا يسررب هطبار حطس يمرس CRP و HDL-C رد تيعمج زب گر لاس ملاس نارهت ي هدوب تسا . شور و داوم اه : نيا هعلاطم ،يعطقم رب يور هداد اه ي دارفا 18 لاس و رتلااب ملاس نارهت ي تكرش هدننك رد هلحرم لوا حرط " سررب ي لماوع رطخ ون ي ن ب ي رام ي اه ي غ ي گاور ي ر رد هعماج رهش ي نارـهت " زـكرم قحت ي تاـق ددـغ نورد ر ـ ي ز و لوباتم ي مس هاگشناد مولع زپ كش ي هش ي د تشهب ي رد لاس 1380 ماجنا و طابترا HDL و CRP ، رد راـنك ،نـس ،سنـج هيامن هدوت يندب و لامعتسا تايناخد هب ناونع ياهريغتم هنيمز يا سررب ي دش . يارب لـيلحت زا لدـم اـه ي نويـسرگر كيتسجل هدافتسا و هطبار دروم رظن اب تبسن سناش ماخ و بطت ي ق ي هتفا نايب ديدرگ . يارب تسد ي يبا هب لدم يياـهن زا شور سپ ور و نومزآ تبسن تسرد ييامن هدافتسا دش . ي هتفا اه : دارفا لماش 126 درم و 208 نز دندوب . نايم حطس ينوخ CRP و HDL هطبار يـنعم يراد هدهاشـم دـش ) 001 / 0 P< ( . ب ه روط ي هك شيازفا حطس CRP هب شيب رت زا mg/l 2 / 0 ، سناش شهاك حطس HDL هب رـيز 40 رد درـم نا و ريز mg/dl 50 رد نانز ار دودح ود ربارب شيازفا يم دهد ) تبسن سناش بطت ـ ي ق ي هـتفا : 25 / 2 ، 95 % هلـصاف مطا ي ناـن : 49 / 1 41 / 3 ( . تن ي هج گ ي ر ي : رد تيعمج گرزب لاس نارهت ي ، لقتسم زا ،نس ،سنج هيامن هدوت ،يندب راشف ،نوخ دنق نوخ اتـشان و فرصم ،راگيس شيازفا CRP اب شهاك HDL مه ر يها دراد و نيا رد يلاح تسا هك ره ود هب ناونع ياهروتكاف لقتسم رد طابترا اب يراميب ياه يبلق – يقورع و ضراوع نآ هتخانش هدش دنا . هژاو اه ي لك ي د ي : نيئتورپوپيل ،يس هب هدنهد شنكاو نيئتورپ گرزب ،لااب يلاگچ اب اه نارهت ،نلااس
ColourAIze: AI-Driven Colourisation of Paper Drawings with Interactive Projection System

ColourAIze is an interactive system that analyses black and white drawings on paper, automatically determines realistic colour fills using artificial intelligence (AI) and projects those colours onto the paper within the line art. In addition to selecting between multiple colouring styles, the user can specify local colour preferences to the AI via simple stylus strokes in desired areas of the drawing. This allows users to immediately and directly view potential colour fills for paper sketches or published black and white artwork such as comics. ColourAIze was demonstrated at the Winter 2017 Comic Market in Tokyo, where it was used by more than a thousand visitors. This short paper describes the design of the system and reports on usability observations gathered from demonstrators at the fair.
Predicting Antimicrobial Resistance and Associated Genomic Features from Whole-Genome Sequencing

Thanks to the genomics revolution, thousands of strain-specific whole-genome sequences are now accessible for a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This availability enables big data informatics approaches to be used to study the spread and acquisition of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). ABSTRACT Thanks to the genomics revolution, thousands of strain-specific whole-genome sequences are now accessible for a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This availability enables big data informatics approaches to be used to study the spread and acquisition of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Nguyen et al. (M. Nguyen, S. W. Long, P. F. McDermott, R. J. Olsen, R. Olson, R. L. Stevens, G. H. Tyson, S. Zhao, and J. J. Davis, J Clin Microbiol 57:e01260-18, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01260-18) report the results obtained with their machine learning models based on whole-genome sequencing data to predict the MICs of antibiotics for 5,728 nontyphoidal Salmonella genomes collected over 15 years in the United States. Their major finding demonstrates that MICs can be predicted with an average accuracy of 95% within ±1 2-fold dilution step (confidence interval, 95% to 95%), an average very major error rate of 2.7%, and an average major error rate of 0.1%. Importantly, these models predict MICs with no a priori information about the underlying gene content or resistance phenotypes of the strains, enabling the possibility to identify AMR determinants and rapidly diagnose and prioritize antibiotic use directly from the organism sequence. Employing such tools to diagnose and limit the spread of resistance-conferring mechanisms could help ameliorate the looming antibiotic resistance crisis.