Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative classification of breast fine needle aspirates using the AxioHOME system

Fine needle aspiration cytology is useful in the pre-operative assessment of patients with breast lumps. Lesions are reported as benign, suspicious or malignant. The number of suspicious categories is high in inexperienced hands thus limiting this useful diagnostic tool. The aim was to evaluate quantitative methods of classifying breast fine needle aspirates using the Highly Optimized Microscope Environment system. May- Grumwald Giemsa-stained archived slides were retrieved and smear quality assessed. Fifty epithelial cells corresponding to the cytological grading on each slide were measured using the system\'s general morphometry program. Generated data was exported to Microsoft Excel for analysis. A significant difference in the mean nuclear area, mean nuclear perimeter, mean largest nuclear diameter was found between the slides graded as benign, suspicious malignant and malignant. C2 & C4, D 1, P Keywords : Morphometric image analysis, aspiration cytology, breast. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences Vol. 2 (2) 2008: pp. 139-145
A Survey of Aspect Mining Tools and Techniques

— Aspect mining is a specialized reverse engineering process to identify crosscutting concerns from legacy code. Research in aspect mining is concerned with the development of concepts, principles, methods and tools to identify cross-cutting concerns from existing software systems. A comprehensive literature survey on aspect mining tools and techniques is presented in this paper. The paper contains the current state of the art about aspect mining techniques. It reports main aspect mining techniques that have been proposed in literature and are used in various aspect mining tools. A brief description of aspect mining tools is also included.
Deposition of SnS thin films from Sn(II) thioamidate precursors

Two thioamide pro-ligands, R1N(H)C(=S)R2 (R1 = t-Bu, R2 = i-Pr and R1 = i-Pr, R2 = i-Pr), were synthesized by treatment of the corresponding amides with Lawesson’s reagent. Reactions of [Sn{N(SiMe3)2}2] with two molar equivalents of each thioamide pro-ligand yielded the tin(II) thioamidate species, bis(2-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-propanethioamide)tin(II) and bis[N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-methyl-propanethioamide]tin(II). Both of the new tin compounds have been characterised by 1H, 1C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition, the solid-state structure of bis(2-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-propanethioamide)tin(II) has been determined through a single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and shown to display a monomeric constitution in which the tin(II) centre occupies a distorted pseudo-square pyramidal geometry defined by the N2S2 donors and the stereochemically active lone pair. Both tin(II) derivatives have been assessed for their potential as single source precursors to SnS by TGA and by NMR.
Аllergies in Families of Moscow (Russia) Newborns: Suspected Cases within Three Generations Framework

Background: Allergy prevalence in parents of newborns is an indicator of allergic diseases in children, which is split upon parent’s gender and allergic conditions. Objective: to find out gender patterns within a larger framework of allergies in grandparents, aunts, uncles of newborns in maternal and paternal families. Methods: In 2011 13 visits to the Postnatal Department of Moscow No.1 Maternity Hospital were carried out. All women delivered within the preceding 48 hours were interviewed. Mothers provided us with information on relatives of a newborn in regards to clinical manifestations of food allergies, atopic dermatitis, eczema, urticaria, angioedema, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, asthma and episodes of drug allergy. Information on 3534 relatives from 393 newborns was collected. Results: The rate of suspected allergic conditions in grandfathers is the same in both maternal and paternal families (4,35% 95%CI 1,99-6,70 and 4,62% 95%CI 2,12-7,12 respectively), but in grandmothers and aunts the rate of suspected allergic incidence is increased in maternal family (11,54% 95%CI 8,58-14,50) over paternal (6,80% 95%CI 4,46-9,14). The cumulative rate of suspected allergies in grandfathers+fathers+uncles (i.e. in male relatives of two preceding the newborns generations) is significantly lower (8,57% 95%CI 7,03-10,11) than in grandmothers+mothers+aunts (i.e. in female relatives of two preceding the newborns generations) (13,28% 95%CI 11,44-15,13) (p < .05). Conclusion: There are clear gender differences with increased prevalence of suspected allergic conditions in female relatives of two preceding the newborn generations compared with male relatives. There is a tendency to increased suspected allergic manifestations among women of maternal relatives in comparison to paternal relatives.
Indigenous Patients with Community Acquired Septic Shock Receive the Same Standard of Care as Non-Indigenous Patients in the Top End of Northern Territory, Australia

Introduction: Indigenous people have a fourfold higher incidence of sepsis in the Top End of the Northern Territory, Australia. However, their mortality from sepsis is not higher, despite an overall lower life expectancy, poorer access to healthcare, remoteness, higher chronic disease burden and social disadvantage. This suggests that Indigenous patients with sepsis receive the same standard of care as non-Indigenous patients; however, this has not been confirmed by investigation. The objective of the present study was to compare the early management of community acquired septic shock between Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients at the Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH) in the Top End of the Northern Territory, Australia. Methods: Retrospective case note review of adult patients with septic shock admitted via the Emergency department (ED) of RDH between 01/01/2004 to 01/08/2005. Comparisons between Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients with septic shock were made with respect to: time to antibiotic, fluid resuscitation, time spent in the ED, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), source control, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, and mortality. Results: One hundred and twenty patients were included (69 Indigenous). Indigenous patients were younger, 46 (14) vs 54 (17) (p=0.004), with a higher chronic disease burden and similar Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores, 20.1 (7.9) vs 20.7 (7.8). Indigenous patients had significantly higher rates of aeromedical retrieval, lower rates of self presentation (p Conclusions: Management of community acquired septic shock in the Top End of Australia does not appear to differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients; including compliance with surviving sepsis guidelines, antibiotic therapy, intensive care therapies and source control. While this is encouraging, the contributing factors leading to a higher burden of sepsis and septic shock in Indigenous people in the Top End needs further investigation. The study’s findings also support the taking of blood cultures in septic shock, even if antibiotics have already been administered.
Prospects for Uganda's Dairy Industry

The East African country of Uganda might not be thought of as the location of a viable, growing dairy industry. However, Uganda recorded a threefold increase in milk production from 1991 to 2004. While Uganda's dairy industry faces important challenges, the industry possesses advantages that can lead to further increases in milk production if additional, profitable markets can be found for Uganda's milk and dairy products. A major advantage possessed by Uganda's dairy industry is a favorable climate for milk production. Uganda's farmers also have demonstrated a willingness to accept new technologies that can increase milk production. The biggest challenges facing the industry are those associated with poor milk quality and pronounced seasonality of milk production.
Solving the Difficult Problem of Topic Extraction in Thai Tweets

We tackled in this study the difficult problem of topic extraction in Thai tweets on the country’s historic flood in 2011. After using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to extract the topics, the first difficulty that faced us was the inaccuracy the word segmentation task that affected our interpretation of the LDA result. To solve this, we refined the stop word list from the LDA result by removing uninformative words caused by the word segmentation, which resulted to a more relevant and comprehensible outcome. With the improved results, we then constructed a rule-based categorization model and used it to categorize all the collected tweets on a per-week scale to observe changes in tweeting trend. Not only did the categories reveal the most relevant and compelling topics that people raised at that time, they also allowed us to understand how people perceived the situations as they unfold over time
Possible Effects of Moss on Distribution and Performance of a Threatened Endemic Primrose

ARSTRACT. Mosses may compete with vascular plants for limited soil resources, facilitate vascular plants by buffering extremes in abiotic conditions, and potentially trap seeds and provide safe sites for germination and establishment. We conducted a field study to investigate the effects of moss on the distribution and performance of Primula cusickiana var. maguirei, a threatened endemic perennial forb that occurs in an extremely narrow range within a single canyon in northern Utah, USA. Within the study population, we found that primroses occurred far more often on moss patches than on other substrates and that primroses occurring on moss patches had increased basal area and flower production. Furthermore, analyses revealed that soil under moss patches with primrose present had more organic matter, elevated magnesium concentrations, and lower Ca:Mg ratios. Our results suggest at least 3 hypotheses that may be evaluated through future studies. First, moss may facilitate P. cusickiana var. maguirei via the provision of increased soil resources. Second, moss may trap primrose seeds, leading to the observed pattern of distribution. and third, mosses and the primrose may both be responding to an as-yet-unmeasured habitat factor (e.g., soil depth or microtopography). Our results inform future research on P. cusickiana var. maguirei and have direct implications for the conservation of this threatened species.
k-NEAREST NEIGHBOR ESTIMATION OF INVERSE-DENSITY-WEIGHTED EXPECTATIONS WITH DEPENDENT DATA

This paper considers the problem of estimating expected values of functions that are inversely weighted by an unknown density using the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method. It establishes the $\root \of T $-consistency and the asymptotic normality of an estimator that allows for strictly stationary time-series data. The consistency of the Bartlett estimator of the derived asymptotic variance is also established. The proposed estimator is also shown to be asymptotically semiparametric efficient in the independent random sampling scheme. Monte Carlo experiments show that the proposed estimator performs well in finite sample applications.
Gestational Weight and Nutrition: A Qualitative Study

Background: Excessive gestational weight gain and maternal obesity are well recognized as risk factors for maternal and foetal complications. Little is known regarding the beliefs and attitudes of Irish pregnant women with a medical card attending a rural General Practice on weight and nutrition. Aim: To identify knowledge and attitudes among Irish pregnant women in a rural General Practice regarding gestational nutrition and weight. Methods: Ten women took part in individual audio-taped interviews in this qualitative descriptive study. The method of qualitative description was used in data analysis to identify recurring themes and provide a comprehensive summary of findings. Results: Five main themes were identified: (i) Fear of postnatal weight retention, (ii) The legacy effect of the first pregnancy on weight (iii) Little awareness of link between gestational weight gain and infants' health risks (iv) Aceptance of the doctor's advice and (v) Barriers to physical activity in pregnancy. Conclusions: Women considered weight mainly in the context of their own health. There was a lack of awareness on the effect of excess gestational weight on their baby's in utero, birth and future weight. In contrast, mothers to-be appeared to be concerned to protect their newborn's health through adequate pre-natal nutrition.
Utilisation and tuning of the chassis modes of a handheld terminal for the design of multiband radiation characteristics

The essential role of the resonant modes of the surface current density distribution on the chassis of a small size handheld terminal for its multiband radiation properties is discussed. An easy-to-implement practical approach for chassis mode analysis by post-processing of output data from standard CEM software packages is presented. The purposeful utilization and the tuning of chassis modes for the design of multiband radiation characteristics on generic bar-type and folder-type geometries are demonstrated and numerical results are given for several canonical examples.
Effects of autoclaving on the apparent digestibility coefficient of dehulled pea seed meal (Pisum sativum L.) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.)

A. Hernandez, A. Borquez, L. Alcaino, J. Morales, P. Dantagnan, and P. Saez. 2010. Effects of autoclaving on the apparent digestibility coefficient of dehulled pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Cien. Inv. Agr. 37(3): 39-46. The effect of autoclaving on the nutrients’ apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC), digestible protein and energy of pea seed meal (P. sativum) fed to Rainbow trout (O. mykiss) was examined. Two samples of the pea meal were autoclaved at 121oC and 1.1 atm for 5 min (5’APM) or 15 min (15’APM), respectively. A third sample, used as control, was not treated (RPM). One reference diet (Basal diet) and 3 experimental diets were elaborated and labelled based on autoclaving time applied to the ingredient (RPM, 5’APM and 15’APM). The four diets were assigned using a completely randomised design, with each treatment having three replicates. 12 tanks were stocked each with 15 trouts with an average weight of 235 ± 10.4 g. Faeces were collected over a 7-day period using a settlement column and pooled within the tank. ADCs were determined using chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) as an inert digestibility indicator. No significant differences (P>0.05) regarding protein ADC were found among all treatments. On the other hand, dry matter, energy and nitrogen free extract (NFE) ADC showed significant differences (p<0.05) among all the different treatments. Results showed that 5’APM improved dry matter, protein, and energy ADC of the dehulled pea seed meal in diets for rainbow trout.
Demographic, Social-Emotional and Educational Aspects of Specific and Generalized Social Anxiety Subtypes Among Palestinian Arab Minority Student Teachers in Israel

The current study is aimed to assess the differences between Palestinian Arab minority student teachers in Israel with specific and generalized social anxiety from various demographic, social-emotional and educational aspects. For this purpose, 543 Palestinian Arab minority student teachers in Israel from Sakhnin College responded to the research tools which measure these aspects and they were divided into three categories (no social anxiety, specific social anxiety, and generalized social anxiety). The findings indicated that the average age of the student teachers with generalized social anxiety was higher than the average age of those with specific social anxiety, while no differences were found between the two categories in certain demographic variables. The study found that average social anxiety, social fear and social avoidance levels were higher among student teachers with generalized social anxiety than among those with specific social anxiety. In addition, there is a statistically significant correlation between levels of social anxiety and levels of depression and motivation for learning, while there are no statistically significant links between levels of social anxiety and levels of self-esteem and perceived social and family support. A regression analysis reveals that the specific social anxiety levels of Palestinian Arab minority student teachers in Israel can be explained by the level of their perceived social and family support and their ages, whereas the levels of their generalized social anxiety can be explained by their depression levels and ages. The practical pedagogical implications suggest that both social anxiety student teachers groups should be exposed to educational- interventional programs in order to be integrated into the educational system.
Fouling in Forward Osmosis Membranes: Mechanisms, Control, and Challenges

Continuouslyescalating global water demand places a substantial burdenon the available water and energy resources. Forward osmosis (FO) is an evolving membrane desalination technology that has recently raised interest as a promising low-energy process. FO is a unique method since it utilizes natural osmosis as the driving force, and hence, it ensures that the energy consumption is significantly reduced, in comparison to other pressure- driven membrane processes that are constrained by their excessive energy consumption and unsustainable cost. Therefore, the growing interest in FO from various disciplines and industrial sectors calls for a better understanding of the FO process and further advances in the FO technology management. This chapter aims to provide an in-depth assessment of the water transport phenomenon in FO membranes by focusing on the influence of internal concentration polarization, membrane structure/material, and membrane orien- tation onthepermeate flux. This chapter offers critical insight that canlead to the potential developmentof newFO membranes with reduced internal concentration polarization and higher water permeability. In addition, key strategies for FO membrane development, some of its challenges, and the perspectives for future investigations of FO membrane fouling and effective FO fouling control methods are explored in this chapter.
Fiscal Policy in Developing Countries: A Framework and Some Questions

This paper surveys fiscal policy in developing countries from the point of view of long-run growth. The first section reviews existing methodologies to estimate the effects of fiscal policy shocks and of systematic fiscal policy, with time series or with cross-sectional methods, and their applicability to developing countries. The second section surveys optimal fiscal policy in developing countries, by considering the role of the intertemporal government budget, and sustainability and solvency. It also reviews the fuzzy debate on"fiscal space"and"macroeconomic space"- and the usefulness (or lack thereof) of these terms for policy analysis. The third section asks what theory tells us about the optimal cyclical behavior of fiscal policy in developing countries. It shows that it very much depends on the assumptions about the interactions between credit market imperfections at the individual, firms, or government level, and on the supply of external funds to the country. Different sets of assumptions lead to different implications about optimal cyclical behavior. The available evidence on the cyclical behavior of fiscal policy, and possible reasons for the observed prevalence of a procyclical behavior in developing countries, is also reviewed. If one agrees that fiscal policy is indeed less countercyclical than we think is optimal, the issue is how to correct the problem. One obvious question is why government do not self-insure, i.e. why they do not accumulate assets in upturns and decumulate them in downturns. This leads to the analysis of fiscal rules and stabilization funds, in the fourth section. The last section concludes with what the author considers important research and policy questions in each part.
Nonlinearity In Exchange Rates and Forecasting

Exchange rates are subject to large and frequent fluctuations in mean and variances making it very difficult to model and forecast. In this paper, a series of tests for nonlinearity and chaos in exchange rates is conducted using the daily data on the market rates in Iran for the period 1991-2005. The tests for nonlinearity are BDS and ANN tests, and the tests for chaos are autocorrelation and Lyapunov exponents. The tests results suggest that the exchange rates and their rates of change follow complex nonlinear and stochastic processes. In the second part of the paper, an ANN model is designed to forecast the exchange rates. The results show that ANN outperforms both ARIMA and GARCH models in forecasting the exchange rates, but generates the same results as the alternative models in forecasting the rate of change of the exchange rates.
Efficacy of Feed Coated Newcastle Disease I2 Vaccine in Village Chickens in Gombe State, Nigeria

A study of response of village chickens to vaccination with ND I2 vaccine coated on maize grit as vaccine carrier was carried out in some selected LGAs of Gombe State, using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Vaccination efficacy of maize grit coated with Newcastles Disease I2 vaccine has been compared between adult and young, village chickens. The study showed that 94.3% of the vaccinated village chickens (adults and chicks) seroconverted with protective levels of antibodies against ND virus. Those vaccinated with the maize grit coated vaccine exhibited antibody titres of between 1:16 to 1:8192 with GMT values of 109 to 245. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the response of the vaccinated adult village chickens as compared to the younger birds (chicks). It is concluded from the study that maize grit is a very suitable vaccine carrier for the delivery of ND I2 vaccine to village chickens.
Effects of the variability of the nucleus of NGC1275 on X-ray observations of the surrounding intracluster medium

The active galaxy NGC1275 lies at the centre of the Perseus cluster of galaxies, which is the X-ray brightest cluster in the Sky. The nucleus shows large variability over the past few decades. We compile a lightcurve of its X-ray emission covering about 40 years and show that the bright phase around 1980 explains why the inner X-ray bubbles were not seen in the images taken with the Einstein Observatory. The flux had dropped considerably by 1992 when images with the ROSAT HRI led to their discovery. The nucleus is showing a slow X-ray rise since the first Chandra images in 2000. If it brightens back to the pre-1990 level, then X-ray absorption spectroscopy by ASTRO-H can reveal the velocity structure of the shocked gas surrounding the inner bubbles.