Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inverse Kinematic Analysis of a Redundant Hybrid Climbing Robot

This paper presents the complete inverse kinematic analysis of a novel redundant truss-climbing robot with 10 degrees of freedom. The robot is bipedal and has a hybrid serial-parallel architecture, where each leg consists of two parallel mechanisms connected in series. By separating the equation for inverse kinematics into two parts - with each part associated with a different leg - an analytic solution to the inverse kinematics is derived. In the obtained solution, all the joint coordinates are calculated in terms of four or five decision variables (depending on the desired orientation) whose values can be freely decided due to the redundancy of the robot. Next, the constrained inverse kinematic problem is also solved, which consists of finding the values of the decision variables that yield a desired position and orientation satisfying the joint limits. Taking the joint limits into consideration, it is shown that all the feasible solutions that yield a given desired position and orientation can be represented as 2D and 3D sets in the space of the decision variables. These sets provide a compact and complete solution to the inverse kinematics, with applications for motion planning.
Software design of a digital holographic microscope based on MFC, multi-document and multi-thread

Friendly interactive interface always significantly accelerate the progress of scientific research. However, most of the commercial softwares cannot meet the demand of a digital holographic microscope. Therefore, we designed a software in order to satisfy this requirement. We use Visual Studio 2010 to build this software, which is based on MFC multi-documents and multi-threads. The main process of designing this software is as follow: 1) Firstly, build the main frame of the software. It is easy to realize the basic interface of Windows style by programming with MFC. The most important thing in this module is adding algorithms and the functions of tool buttons to the program. 2) Secondly, implement functionality of each sub module. In this software, sub modules mainly mean sub windows. In order to have the unity of style, all sub windows use the similar toolbar. Specially, if one sub window have its own functionality, we will add button alone. 3) Thirdly, pass messages among modules. Passing messages among modules is significant in this software. The news in main program must be transmitted to the relevant sub window. The operation information in any sub windows must be transmitted to the main program, or transmitted to other sub windows. In order to make the program more efficient, we utilize multi-thread programming. With a digital holographic microscope, our software has many useful features, such as capturing the hologram of a sample (Holo View), displaying its Fourier spectrum (Fourier View), unwrapping phase map (Phase View), digital refocusing intensity information (Intensity View), drawing 2D line across the sample (2D View) and displaying three-dimensional images (Plot View). The experimental results demonstrate that a digital holographic microscope could be used much easier with the help of our software.
Communication Hyperlinks: Call Me My Way A novel approach to interpersonal communications

This paper presents the concept of a new kind of communication mechanism that we call a communication hyperlink. Using Web mechanisms, communication hyperlinks propose a new communication paradigm by putting back the asymmetry of the Web in the communication world: as a communication end-point, you decide how your correspondent may join you, without giving out any private information, and you provide the caller all the needed communication resources, without the need on his side for any credentials or account information. Since communication hyperlinks can take the form of a simple URL, they can be sent/retrieved using any media, from office documents to Web sites or blogs. When a user clicks on a communication hyperlink, all necessary resources, stored as software components or configuration data on the server, are downloaded and activated - without any need for installing additional software or creating any account for the caller. The paper describes the model and reference architecture implemented for the experimentation of these communication hyperlinks. Considerations on a running experimentation of this approach and associated business possibilities are given.
A software package for the investigation of chaotic systems

This paper describes the features of an educational program as a teaching aid for the simulation and investigation of nonlinear systems with an emphasis on chaotic systems. The graphical and the interactive orientation of the program enables the user to observe the changes in the system behavior as the chosen system parameters are varied interactively. Several examples of use along with a general description of the program are presented.
Perceptually based linear predictive analysis of speech

A novel speech analysis method which uses several established psychoacoustic concepts, the perceptually based linear predictive analysis (PLP), models the auditory spectrum by the spectrum of the low-order all-pole model. The auditory spectrum is derived from the speech waveform by critical-band filtering, equal-loudness curve pre-emphasis, and intensity-loudness root compression. We demonstrate through analysis of both synthetic and natural speech that psychoacoustic concepts of spectral auditory integration in vowel perception, namely the F1, F2' concept of Carlson and Fant and the 3.5 Bark auditory integration concept of Chistovich, are well modeled by the PLP method. A complete speech analysis-synthesis system based on the PLP method is also described in the paper.
Combining Local and Global Features for Offline Handwriting Recognition

The result of investigating the performance of handwriting recognition systems using local features, global features and a combination of local and global features is presented. The global features are derived from the shape of the word contour and the local features are derived from the geometric characteristics of the word segments. The global features utilize the centroidal distance of the word contour also known as the polar-radii graph or PRG. The system was trained and tested using the demo version of the publicly available IAM database. Using the local features alone and an HMM recognizer a recognition rate of 58% was achieved using a 20-word vocabulary. Using the PRG of the word contour as a global feature and an MLP classifier a recognition rate of 78% is achieved. The PRG is then combined with the local features using a combined probabilistic framework and the hybrid handwritten word recognition system achieved a recognition rate of 72%. Keywords: HMM, MLP, PRG, Offline Handwriting Recognition
A New Tracking Algorithm for Strong-Maneuvering Target with Two-Layer Nested Model of CS and CL

A new tracking algorithm is proposed for strong-maneuvering target, which is based on a two-layer nested model with Improved Current Statistical (ICS) model and Curvilinear (CL) model as the inner and outer layer respectively. The inner layer use ICS model to construct statistics with filtering residuals to detect target’s maneuver and thus correcting the parameters of CS model in real time in order to adapt to target’s real motion. The outer layer uses the estimate of acceleration obtained from the inner layer as its input and in this way conduct better performance of target tracking by taking advantage of CL model, which can better correspond to the curvilinear motion of target. Simulation results show the practicability of the algorithm proposed in this article and demonstrate good tracking performance.
THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE REGISTRATION MODULE BASED ON RSA ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM

Based upon RSA encryption algorithm and MD5 hash function, this paper designs a software license scheme which adopts the idea of “one machine one code”. Using c# language in the . NET Framework 4.0 platform, the author completed the license scheme and it ran on mining management information system successfully. It not only ensures the safety of the software and convenience in registration authorization, but also makes registration code more aesthetic and effective.
Multi-objective design of complex aircraft structures using evolutionary algorithms

In this article, a design methodology for complex composite aircraft structures is presented. The developed approach combines a multi-objective optimization method and a parameterized simulation model using a design concept database. Due to the combination of discrete and continuous design variables describing the structures, evolutionary algorithms are used within the presented optimization approach. The approach requires an evaluation of the design alternatives that is performed by parameterized simulation models. The variability of these models is achieved using a design concept database that contains different layouts for each implemented structural part. Due to the complexity of the generated aircraft structures, the finite element method is applied for the calculation of the structural behaviour. The applicability of the developed design approach will be demonstrated by optimizing two composite aircraft fuselage examples. The obtained results show that the developed methodology is useful and reliable for designing complex aircraft structures.
AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION AND SEGREGATION OF BRAIN MRI IMAGES INTO IMAGES CAPTURED WITH RESPECT TO VENTRICULAR REGION AND EYE-BALL REGION

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images of the brain are used for detection of various brain diseases including tumor. In such cases, classification of MRI images captured with respect to ventricular and eye ball regions helps in automated location and classification of such diseases. The methods employed in the paper can segregate the given MRI images of brain into images of brain captured with respect to ventricular region and images of brain captured with respect to eye ball region. First, the given MRI image of brain is segmented using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, which is an optimized algorithm for MRI image segmentation. The algorithm proposed in the paper is then applied on the segmented image. The algorithm detects whether the image consist of a ventricular region or an eye ball region and classifies it accordingly.
L-band aperture synthesis radiometry: hardware requirements and system performance

Aperture synthesis radiometry is becoming a feasible concept for imaging applications, especially at low microwave frequencies where it takes clear advantage of the absence of mechanical antenna motion. A 2D interferometric radiometer consists of a large number of receivers with small antennas distributed along a 2D structure, and the brightness temperature image is formed by inversion of the measured cross-correlation between all pairs of antennas. This is the concept of MIRAS (MIcrowave Radiometer by Aperture Synthesis), the core instrument of the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission selected by the European Space Agency (ESA) and planned to be launched in 2005. In its preliminary design, MIRAS receivers are uniformly distributed along a Y-shape structure and work at L-band. This approach, however, poses a challenge in the specifications required for the receivers: a) The short integration time due to the platform motion strongly limits the achievable sensitivity, b) the spatial resolution is determined by the structure dimensions which cannot be made arbitrarily large and c) the radiometric accuracy depends on the non ideal behavior of the receivers, although, to some extent can be corrected by internal calibration. This paper contributes to define the main trade-off between hardware requirements and system performance of this complex instrument.
Test Development and Technical Information on the Writing Section of the SAT Reasoning Test

The new SAT Reasoning TestTM, first administered in March 2005, was designed to incorporate a number of important changes. Perhaps the most noteworthy change to the test was the addition of a writing section. Writing is a core skill needed for success in both college and the workplace. Table 1 summarizes the content of the SAT® writing section, which includes multiple-choice questions and an essay.
Adaptive equalization and diversity combining for mobile radio using interpolated channel estimates

The authors demonstrate the feasibility of a digital cellular radio (DCR) system which employs a jointly adaptive decision-feedback equalizer and diversity combiner. In particular, the authors utilize the current estimates of the channel impulse response (CIR) at each diversity branch to compute the receiver parameters periodically. The authors propose a novel block-adaptive strategy which computes the time-varying CIR by interpolating a set of CIR estimates obtained through periodic training. Although incurring some inherent processing delay and throughput reduction, this interpolation strategy has the advantage of immunity to decision errors which would quite likely occur during a deep fade. It is shown that the system performance is limited, in the form of an irreducible bit error rate at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), by the CIR estimation of the rapidly fading channel. >
Mobile Web Analytics

This Paper presents an overview of the Mobile Web analytics, with a focus on providing insight and actionable outcomes from collecting and analyzing Internet data. The amazing and tremendous growth of web site over the Mobile Internet has raised many concerns for organizations to analyze the lifetime value of their customers, and also improve their marketing strategies in the competitive world through the their website. So this has uplifted the need and requirement of Mobile Web Analytics. There are short comings of applying traditional web analytics to mobile web analytics. Mobile Web analytic process converts the collected data to meaningful key performance indicators in order to measure the organizational goals or potential opportunities. Mobile Web analytics in used to improve Web systems, increase customer satisfaction, and target revenue through effective analysis of user interactions with the organization’s Website.
The Importance of Testing Higher-Level Executive Functions in School-Age Children and Adolescents

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Approaches for Word Sense Disambiguation - A Survey

Word sense disambiguation is a technique in the field of natural language processing where the main task is to find the correct sense in which a word occurs in a particular context. It is found to be of vital help to applications such as question answering, machine translation, text summarization, text classification, information retrieval etc. This has resulted in excessive interest in approaches based on machine learning which performs classification of word senses automatically. The main motivation behind word sense disambiguation is to allow the users to make ample use of the available technologies because ambiguities present in any language provide great difficulty in the use of information technology as words in human language that occur in a particular context can be interpreted in more than one way depending on the context. In this paper we put forward a survey of supervised, unsupervised and knowledge based approaches and algorithms available in word sense disambiguation (WSD).
Recognizing sloppy speech

As speech recognition moves from labs into the real world, the sloppy speech problem emerges as a major challenge. Sloppy speech, or conversational speech, refers to the speaking style people typically use in daily conversations. The recognition error rate for sloppy speech has been found to double that of read speech in many circumstances. Previous work on sloppy speech has focused on modeling pronunciation changes, primarily by adding pronunciation variants to the dictionary. The improvement, unfortunately, has been unsatisfactory. To improve recognition performance on sloppy speech, we revisit pronunciation modeling issues and focus on implicit pronunciation modeling, where we keep the dictionary simple and model reductions through phonetic decision trees and other acoustic modeling mechanisms. Another front of this thesis is to alleviate known limitations of the current HMM framework, such as the frame independence assumption, which can be aggravated by sloppy speech. Three novel approaches have been explored: (1) flexible parameter tying. We show that parameter tying is an integral part of pronunciation modeling, and introduce flexible tying to better model reductions in sloppy speech. We find that enhanced tree clustering, together with single pronunciation dictionary, improves performance significantly. (2) Gaussian transition modeling. By modeling transitions between Gaussians in adjacent states, this alleviates the frame independence assumption and can be regarded as a pronunciation network at the Gaussian level. (3) thumbnail features. We try to achieve segmental modeling within the HMM framework by using these segment-level features. While they improve performance significantly in initial passes, the gain becomes marginal when combined with more sophisticated acoustic modeling techniques. We have also worked on system development on three large vocabulary tasks: Broadcast News, Switchboard and meeting transcription. By empirically improving all aspects of speech recognition, from front-ends to acoustic modeling and decoding strategies, we have achieved a 50% relative improvement on the Broadcast News task, a 38% relative improvement on the Switchboard task, and a 40% relative improvement on the meeting transcription task.
Don't Make Me Think!: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability

From the Publisher: Even if every Web site could afford a usability expert (which they can't), there just aren't enough of us to go around. So I tried to boil down what I've learned over the years (principles like "Don't make me think" and "Get rid of half the words on each page, then get rid of half of what's left") into a short, profusely illustrated book-one that even the guy who signs the checks (the one who looks at the site when it's ready to launch and says "I hate green. And there should be more big pictures.") might read.
Erroneous examples: effects on learning fractions in a web-based setting

Learning from errors can be a key 21st century competence, especially for informal learning where such metacognitive skills are a prerequisite. We investigate whether, how and when web-based interactive erroneous examples promote such competence, and increase understanding of fractions and learning outcomes. Erroneous examples present students with common errors or misconceptions. Three studies were conducted with students of different grade levels. We compared the cognitive, metacognitive, conceptual, and transfer learning outcomes of three conditions: a control condition (problem solving), a condition that learned with erroneous examples without help, and a condition that learned with erroneous examples with error detection and correction support. Our results indicate significant metacognitive learning gains of erroneous examples with help for 6th-graders. They also show cognitive and conceptual learning gains for 9th and 10th-graders when additional help is provided. No effects were found for 7th-graders. We discuss the implications of our findings for instructional design.
A CMOS line driver with 80-dB linearity for ISDN applications

A high-performance CMOS line driver for ISDN U-interface transceiver applications has been designed and fabricated. Careful study of requirements and trade-offs affecting linearity, power efficiency, and quiescent current presented in this work has resulted in a circuit structure featuring a highly linear input/output characteristic and well-controlled quiescent current. The prototype line driver is capable of delivering a 5-V/sub pp/ signal of up tp 80 kHz to a 60- Omega load while exhibiting linearity on the order of 77 +or- 5 dB and operating from a single 5-V power supply. Linearity better than 70 dB is maintained for load resistances as low as 20 Omega . >
Automatic Extraction of Location Relations from Text

Automatically identifying semantic relationships from text plays an important role in knowledge discovery, for example to connect a researcher in one discipline to related research questions in a second discipline in which the researcher is not formally trained. This poster describes preliminary experiments in ongoing research project that explores the utility of semantics and syntax to identify relations from text automatically. We focus exclusively on the location relation, such as organization-location and gene-location. Location is an interesting case because it occurs in multiple text genres including news articles and scientific literature.
Speech Fingerprint to Identify Isolated Word-Person

Voice recognition is the process of taking the spoken word as an input to a computer program. This process is important to virtual reality because it provides a fairly natural and intuitive way of controlling the simulation while allowing the user's hands to remain free. This paper will delve into the uses of voice recognition in the field of virtual reality, examine how voice recognition is accomplished and list the academic disciplines that are central to the understanding and advancement of voice recognition technology. In order to recognize the spoken word and the person who spoke the word some estimating parameters were chosen and calculated to form voice fingerprint. The calculated values of voice fingerprint parameters then were passed to artificial neural networks, it was shown that using parameters values achieve high recognition rate, thus identifying the spoken word and the speaker.
The influence of corpora on lexicons: corpora use in the creation of COMLEX syntax and NOMLEX

It is now generally accepted that a text corpus plays an important role in the production of hard-copy dictionaries. In this paper, we discuss the influence a corpus can have on the creation of lexical resources for computer use. In the creation of COMLEX Syntax and NOMLEX, two on-line lexicons produced by the authors at New York University, we used two different corpora, one composed of a small (one million words) balanced corpus (the Brown Corpus) plus a large amount of newspaper data and the other, a large balanced corpus (100 million words) of British English (the British National Corpus). We point out how the use of these two corpora affected the resulting lexicons in different ways and to differing degrees and we suggest what we feel would have been the ideal corpus for our purposes.
A simple method to design resonant circuits of electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps

A simple design method has been developed to investigate the dimming control of electronic ballast circuits for fluorescent lamps. This method is based on the steady-state calculation of the ballast at resonant frequency, f/sub 0/, and the inherent characteristics of the fluorescent lamp, i.e. the relationship between the lamp resistance and the lamp power. The inherent lamp characteristics encompass the fact that the voltage across the lamp varies with the lamp power. Including this inherent characteristic into a new lamp Spice simulation model can provide an accurate simulation result of the relations between the ballast operation frequency and the lamp power.