Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Limits to the Low-Cost Niche? Finding Sustainable Strategies for Low-Cost Long-Haul Airlines

Entrepreneurs taking advantage of air transport liberalization have searched for ways to challenge the network airlines using the low cost carrier (LCC) model cloned on Southwest Airlines. Low-cost long-haul flights (LCLH) is an extension of this model gaining increased attention around the world. LCLH carriers have followed what we already know about low cost airline business models over shorter distances, with adjustments through innovation and trial and error. Entrepreneurs and analysts tend to list service features and operational characteristics that such airlines should have and not have. However, underlying principles of the LCLH business model remain largely unclear. Some analysts have even stated that LCLH cannot work, because the cost advantage such airlines gain over the network carriers, is too low to provide sustainable competitive advantage. Then we observe carriers like Air Asia X that appear to have overcome at least some of the shortcomings of past LCLH airlines. The question is if there are some guiding principles we can use to make the LCLH model work better? This article suggest such principles, but argues that LCLH airlines will continue to struggle assimilating and keeping to these principles.
Computer self‐efficacy and factors influencing e‐learning effectiveness

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of system and instructor factors on e‐learning effectiveness under the interactions of computer self‐efficacy. In this study, the factors of the e‐learning system are functionality, interaction, and response. The factors of the e‐learning instructor are attitude, technical skills, and instructional method. The moderating effects of learners' computer self‐efficacy are examined.Design/methodology/approach – The study surveyed general employees in the financial services industry in Taiwan. A questionnaire was developed to measure participants' perceptions. Four hundred questionnaires were sent out, and 362 were returned. Of these, 314 were valid, leading to a return rate of 78.5 percent.Findings – The results of data analysis indicate that both system and instructor factors have significant positive influences on e‐learning effectiveness. Learners' computer self‐efficacy has a moderating effect on the relationship between system functional.
La transferencia de riesgos en Colombia

Risks transfer is a financing alternative where the associated risks of a project are transferred to insurance and reinsurance companies, by transferring the risks the project becomes more attractive for the investors, facilitating the achievement of the resources needed for the execution of the project, this because the capital investment is protected and guaranteed through the insurance policies issued, ensuring that in the moment that an insured risk materialized the project do not incur in a default of the payments of the debt, because the insurance policies cover all the value of the investment. This financing alternative is innovative and novel for Colombia because it has not been implemented yet in a project in the country. This financing scheme incipient in Colombia has a number of benefits such as entry into the market of the big international reinsurance companies, the possibility to access to new international capital resources and give a new alternative that makes the projects have an additional alternative to get the resources it needs. This document describes and analyzes the operation, the advantages and disadvantages and the benefits that this financing scheme brings to Colombia, from the different sources of
Defining Clinically Relevant Values for Developmental Spinal Stenosis: A Large-scale Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Study Design. Case-control study. Objective. The aim of this study was to define clinically relevant relative and critical (absolute) magnetic resonance imaging values of lumbar spinal stenosis in a cohort of 100 surgical cases and 100 asymptomatic controls. Summary of Background Data. Developmental spinal stenosis is a precipitating factor in patients presenting with lumbar canal stenosis. Yet, due to a lack of agreement on definitions and methods of assessment, as well as ethnic-specific normative values, its prevalence and significance is not known. Methods. This was a case-control study comparing 100 age and sex-matched asymptomatic, volunteers with that of 100 patients who underwent surgery for spinal stenosis. All patients were of Chinese ethnicity and their details were blinded to 2 observers. Spinal stenosis parameters were measured on the basis of axial (pedicle level) and sagittal (midsagittal) magnetic resonance images. Results. Anteroposterior spinal canal diameters change with levels. At each level, patients were found to have significantly narrower anteroposterior canal diameters than controls. By use of receiver operating characteristic curve, we defined developmental spinal stenosis if the anteroposterior canal diameter was at L1 <20 mm, L2 <19 mm, L3 <19 mm, L4 <17 mm, L5 <16 mm, and at S1 <16 mm on the basis of a value including 50% of controls and demonstrated best sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, for L4, L5, and S1, critical stenosis values could be defined, below which almost all subjects needed surgery, these were L4 <14 mm, L5 <14 mm, and S1 <12 mm. Conclusion. This is the largest magnetic resonance imaging–based study with standardized measurements and comparable groups to determine clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging criteria for lumbar spinal stenosis. The findings strongly suggest that developmental stenosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of symptomatic spinal stenosis. Critical values of stenosis below which symptoms were highly likely were defined. These will need to be validated by longitudinal studies in future. However, they may possess clinical utility in determining the appropriate levels requiring canal-widening surgery. Level of Evidence: 3
“Pressure points” on pharmaceutical industry executives: what lies ahead?

Purpose – The pharmaceutical industry faces significant challenges in the immediate future, including drug safety, intellectual property in emerging markets, industry image, and the overall effect of marketing. To remain effective, pharmaceutical executives must translate these challenges to the industry into solutions, find relationships between individual issues, and group these issues into larger themes. The purpose of this paper is to study the issues that senior industry executives perceive the pharmaceutical industry faces and how they can organize these issues into high‐impact “pressure points. ”Design/methodology/approach – Using a modified approach to the Delphi technique, 70 senior pharmaceutical industry executives rated issues facing the pharmaceutical industry. Their responses were then examined using factor analysis.Findings – The study concludes that concerns about the industry's future must be accompanied by a concerted effort to communicate and market the importance drugs play in improving.
Dynamic response analysis of dc-dc converter with supercapacitor for direct borohydride fuel cell power conditioning system

The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is directly fed sodium borohydride as a fuel and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. The output voltage of the DBFC drops with respect to current demand. Therefore, it requires a dc-dc converter for a regulated voltage. The dc-dc converter should be designed considering both the impact of the fuel cell and load disturbances to achieve a wide range voltage response. This paper analyzes the impact on the dc-dc converter due to the DBFC impedance. Based on the small signal model with the DBFC impedance, the boost converter was evaluated. Impacts of the voltage and current control loops on the boost converter were investigated. Improved speed and stability of the DBFC dc-dc converter was observed by adding a supercapacitor between the DBFC and the dc-dc converter. Finally, two converter controllers, a nonlinear feedforward controller and a state feedback controller are proposed for the further improvement of the dc-dc converter response time. A prototype 20W dc-dc converter was built and tested to show the response improvement of the proposed analysis and control scheme.
Directors Reputation,Busy Boards and the Quality of Information Disclosure

Reputation and enough time is essential for the directors to fulfill their obligations as the agents of stockholder.Based on the listed companies of Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2007 to 2010,this paper investigated the relationship between multiple directorships and the quality of information disclosure.Empirical results have shown that,compared to the board without multiple directorships,the quality of information disclosure is higher in the board with multiple directorships because the reputation of multiple director is beneficial to the corporate governance;But a busy board with multiple directorships also has a positive effect on the quality of information disclosure.We didn't find the nonlinear characteristic relationship between multiple directorships and the quality of information disclosure,but after calculation,we found that the board of directors with multi-seats in China is still within the range of the increment of the quadratic curve.
Introduction and Evaluation of Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) in Organizations

Abstract With the rapid development of information technology and the continuous changes in the services, information technology has played a key role in organizations. During the past years, a great number of IT infrastructure and particular applications have been employed by the organization. Many organizations have purchased a large number of high-end enterprise applications such as ERP, CRM, etc. to improve their business capacity. At the same time, these organizations a huge amount of time and resources are spent for maintenance applications. At the same time, these organizations are spent a huge amount of time and resources for application’s maintenance. since any incident that may result in service interruptions, causes very high costs for organizations, The issue of how organizations can deploy an effective way to manage events, So that costs can be reduced, the occurrence of events can be avoided and the continuity of their business can be guaranteed, is considered. For this purpose, approaches and events management models offered by some mature frameworks such as ITIL, COBIT and standards like ISO / IEC 20000, are accepted widely in many organizations. These frameworks combine extensive management practices in order to support organizations for achieving the desired quality and creating value from IT operations. For example ITIL provides A set of best process-oriented practices for IT service management. IT service management practices, directly or indirectly causes establishing communication between employees, innovation, finances and domestic business interests.
Universities' Role as Knowledge Sources for Product Innovations

This study verified innovation objectives for Japanese SMEs' access to university knowledge the effects of university knowledge on innovation outcomes. The analysis found the following three points. First, Japanese SMEs do not access university knowledge strategically according to innovation objectives but decide whether to use university knowledge in consideration of such factors as proactive R&D spending, financial constraints on innovations and the effectiveness of legal means to secure profit from innovations. Next, product innovations for "improving product or service quality," "expanding product or service lineups," "replacing existing products or services" and "exploring new markets" can lead to financial successes without university knowledge, rather than with such knowledge. Finally, the utilization of university knowledge does not necessarily lead to greater technological capabilities. In Japan, science, technology and innovation policy has strongly encouraged university-industry collaboration from later 1990’s aiming to support innovation activities for SMEs. The results of this study do not confirm the total effects of the policy.
Protective role of Coenzyme Q10 in two models of rat lung injury

Background: Ischaemia‐reperfusion injury is a life‐threatening complication of lung transplantation. Attempts to ameliorate this injury have included optimization of donor management and improving techniques of lung preservation. However, few investigators have sought to pretreat potential recipients. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a potent antioxidant and cellular energizer that has been shown to protect the heart against injury. However, its protective effect in the lung is unknown. We therefore set out to study the impact of Coenzyme Q10 pretreatment in a model of mild and severe lung injury.
The Linkage Between Strategic Groups and Firm Performance: An Analysis of Intergroup and Intragroup Differences

A central theme in the strategic groups literature is the theoretical relationship between groups and firm performance. The empirical evidence is conflicting, however. The aim of this research is to study this linkage through two analyses. Thus, the analysis that has been traditionally used – performance differences between groups – is complemented with an analysis of performance differences within each group. To set up strategic groups, we analyze firms operating in the construction industry, using specific variables associated with generic strategies.
Control and Operation of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines during Voltage Dips

In this paper, the effect of voltage dips on variable speed wind turbines using VSCs is treated. Three different current controllers for the VSC are described and implemented. Their performance is evaluated when the converter is subjected to different types of voltage dips, Both simulated and measured dips are used. The effect of the phase-angle jump of the dips is also taken into account.
The occurrence of ascorbic acid among the yeasts.

Forty-two species of yeast were examined for their ability to produce enediols of the ascorbic acid class. A Roe and Kuether chromogen derived from such enediols could be isolated from 23 of the species. The chromogen from four yeasts was further identified by infrared (i.r.) spectrophotometry as being derived from ascorbic acid. At least one species from each family of yeasts was found to produce ascorbic acid.
Decreasing Nonurgent Emergency Department Utilization by Medicaid Children

Objective. To test interventions to decrease the utilization of hospital emergency departments (EDs) for routine, nonemergent health care among Medicaid recipients. Methods. Families of a Medicaid-recipient child presenting to a children's hospital ED for nonurgent problems received information from either a health professional or a clerical employee about the importance of a primary care provider and assistance with making an appointment to the provider of their choice. The health professional continued to work with her assigned families in eliminating barriers to appropriate utilization of a primary care provider for up to 3 months after the index ED visit. A third (comparison) group received no intervention. Subsequent health care utilization for each enrollee was tracked via Ohio Medicaid claims data throughout the four subsequent 6-month periods after the index ED visit. Results. Children in the intervention groups had 11.1% and 14.5% fewer nonurgent ED visits in the 6 months after the index ED visit with a concomitant decrease in cost for this type of care when compared with the comparison group during the same time period. No difference in the number of preventive or ill-child primary care visits was seen. There was no difference in health care cost or utilization in the time period 6 to 24 months after the intervention. Conclusions. Interventions in pediatric EDs aimed at decreasing subsequent ED utilization for nonurgent care can be effective, resulting in modest decreases in the cost of health care for a Medicaid population.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and the Risk of Stroke

Background and Purpose—Although acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is thought to increase the risk of stroke, few data exist to quantify this risk. This is the first population-based study to quantify the AIDS-associated risk of stroke. Methods—We identified all incident ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) cases among young adults 15 to 44 years of age in central Maryland and Washington, DC, who were discharged from any of the 46 hospitals in the study area in 1988 and 1991. Using data from the medical records, 2 neurologists reviewed each case to confirm the diagnosis. Cases of AIDS among these patients with stroke were defined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria (1987). The number of cases of AIDS in the central Maryland and Washington population during 1988 and 1991 was determined from regional health departments working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Poisson regression was used to estimate the age-, race-, and sex-adjusted relative risk of stroke associated with AIDS. Results—There were 385 IS cases (6 with AIDS) and 171 ICH cases (6 with AIDS). The incidences of IS and ICH among persons with AIDS were both 0.2% per year. AIDS conferred an adjusted relative risk of 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1 to 30.8) for IS and 25.5 (95% CI, 11.2 to 58.0) for ICH. After exclusion of 5 cases of stroke in AIDS patients in whom other potential causes were identified, AIDS patients continued to have an increased risk of stroke with an adjusted relative risk of 9.1 (95% CI, 3.4 to 24.6) for IS and 12.7 (95% CI, 4.0 to 40.0) for ICH. Conclusions—This population-based study found that AIDS is strongly associated with both IS and ICH. (Stroke. 2004; 35:51-56.)
Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients: evidence of a marrow-suppressive role for HHV-6 in vivo.

Sixteen adults were studied for the first 100 days after allogeneic bone marrow transplant to assess the pathogenic role of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection in patients with unexplained febrile illnesses. HHV-6 was directly isolated from the blood of 6 patients. Analysis of the clinical courses of these 16 patients revealed otherwise unexplained posttransplant marrow suppression in 5 patients. Idiopathic marrow suppression occurred more frequently in patients with concurrent HHV-6 viremia (4/6) than in those from whom HHV-6 was not isolated from peripheral blood (1/10, P < .05). An etiologic role for the virus was also supported by isolation of HHV-6 from the bone marrow of all 4 patients at the time of marrow suppression and by in vitro colony-forming unit (cfu) assays that demonstrated that HHV-6 could inhibit cfu-granulocyte-macrophage and burst-forming unit-erythroid growth from human bone marrow. By restriction enzyme mapping, all clinical isolates were type B, suggesting that bone marrow transplant recipients may be preferentially infected with and reactivate this HHV-6 subtype. This study implicates HHV-6 as a novel cause of bone marrow suppression in marrow transplant recipients.
Detecting Fake Reviews Utilizing Semantic and Emotion Model

As people are spending more time to shop and view reviews on line, some reviewer write fake reviews to earn credit and to promote (demote) the sales of product and stores. Detecting fake reviews and spammers becomes more important when the spamming behavior is becoming damaging. This paper proposes three types of new features which include review density, semantic and emotion and gives the model and algorithm to construct each feature. Experiments show that the proposed model, algorithm and features are efficient in fake review detection task than traditional method based on content, reviewer info and behavior.
Cognition and Individual Differences in the Newsvendor Problem : Behavior Under Dual Process Theory

Previous research has shown that individuals systematically and persistently deviate from the profit maximizing quantity when solving a newsvendor problem. This research posits that Dual Process Theory provides an underlying cognitive explanation for why individuals deviate from optimality. More specifically, this research explores the relationship between individual performance and a Dual Process Theory construct called cognitive reflection, which can be measured by the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT). We experimentally test the relationship between cognitive reflection and newsvendor decision-making using 313 experienced supply chain professionals. We find statistically significant results showing that cognitive reflection is related to performance as measured by expected profit, order quantity, and order quantity variance. Cognitive reflection is also related to anchoring heuristics and preference to reduce ex post inventory error. Other potential explanations of individual heterogeneity, including college major, years of experience, and managerial position, are also evaluated and found to be less informative than CRT scores. These results suggest that Dual Process Theory contributes to a theoretical understanding of supply chain decision-making. These results can be used to inform managerial decisions regarding employee selection, training, task design, and decision support systems.
Community-Onset Disease Caused by Citrobacter freundii Producing a Novel CTX-M β-Lactamase, CTX-M-30, in Canada

ABSTRACT Strains of Citrobacter freundii intermediate to cefotaxime but sensitive to ceftazidime were isolated from four different patients in Canada. Sequencing of PCR products by use of CTX-M-specific primers revealed a new combination of four amino acid substitutions. This new gene was designated blaCTX-M-30 and was encoded on a 3-kb plasmid. The pI of CTX-M-30 was 8.0.
Assessing visual attention in virtual reality: Automatic one-point calibration for eye-tracking

To assess visual attention in head-mounted displays (HMDs), a re-calibration of the eye-tracker is necessary each time the HMD is moved or taken off and put on again. This occurs several times per therapy session in some use cases of virtual reality based rehabilitation. The process is time-consuming and likely a demanding task for patients. Hence, a solution is needed which reduces the workload and does not require explicit user input for calibration while wearing a HMD. We propose a method for a one-point calibration, which is very fast, appropriately accurate, and can be performed automatically. A user study with healthy subjects showed significant improvements in eye-tracking accuracy using our method after reattaching the HMD.
Sleep deprivation impairs hippocampus‐mediated contextual learning but not amygdala‐mediated cued learning in rats

Prolonged sleep deprivation results in cognitive deficits. In rats, for example, sleep deprivation impairs spatial learning and hippocampal long‐term potentiation. We tested the effects of sleep deprivation on learning in a Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm, choosing a sleep deprivation paradigm in which REM sleep was completely prevented and non‐REM sleep was strongly decreased. During conditioning, rats were given footshocks, either alone or paired with a tone, and tested 24 h later for freezing responses to the conditioning context, and to the tone in a novel environment. Whereas control animals had robust contextual learning in both background and foreground contextual conditioning paradigms, 72 h of sleep deprivation before conditioning dramatically impaired both types of contextual learning (by more than 50%) without affecting cued learning. Increasing the number of footshocks did not overcome the sleep deprivation‐induced deficit. The results provide behavioural evidence that REM/non‐REM sleep deprivation has neuroanatomically selective actions, differentially interfering with the neural systems underlying contextual learning (i.e. the hippocampus) and cued learning (i.e. the amygdala), and support the involvement of the hippocampus in both foreground and background contextual conditioning.