Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Des limites à la réduction d'échelle en réacteur de test catalytique en lit fixe?

Pour des raisons de couts, les tests de catalyseur mis en forme (billes, extrudes, …) en reacteur est lit fixe sont mis en œuvre dans des reacteurs de plus en plus petits alors que la taille des objets catalytiques ne change pas. L'objet de cette these est d'explorer les domaines ou la reduction d'echelle conduit a des questionnements nouveaux en termes de physique, repetabilite, representativite et modelisation. Le document s'articule autour de 5 chapitres : 1) une introduction detaillee du contexte avec un etat de l'art sur les reacteurs a lit fixe de petite taille et l'identification des questions en suspens, 2) une reflexion autour de la nature des ecoulements gaz-liquide descendant dans des lits fixes quand les forces capillaires ne sont plus negligeables, 3) la presentation d'une methodologie et d'un critere sur un nombre minimal de grain necessaire pour limiter les consequences d'une distribution granulometrique en presence de limitations au transfert interne, 4) l'etude des effets d'empilements aleatoires sur la performance apparente du reacteur, d'abord par un modele reseau de pores qui decrit assez bien les tendances observees experimentalement mais manque de capacite de prediction, puis par simulation numerique directe d'ecoulement reactif dans des empilements de 8 cylindres qui montre que les effets d'empilements apparaissent, avec les limitations au transfert externe, quand la diffusion moleculaire transverse n'est pas assez rapide pour compenser les gradients dus a la reaction et a la convection, 5) une conclusion qui resume les criteres de conception de reacteurs de tests a petite echelle, et propose des pistes de continuation du travail
Performance analysis of an improved postponed lightpath teardown strategy in multi-layer optical networks

We propose an improved postponed lightpath teardown (PLT) strategy by introducing a lightpath splitting mechanism in multi-layer optical networks. Based on the original PLT strategies, this paper introduces a mechanism to split the unoccupied shortest lightpaths into shorter ones when the network operates in a steady state. Results show that the improved strategy achieves higher utilizations of both wavelength-links and transceivers under different scenarios of load and transceiver number, and significantly reduce the blocking probability (CBP).
Expression of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis CHS3 in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae chs3 null mutant demonstrates its functionality as a chitin synthase gene

We report the isolation and sequencing of CHS3, a gene that encodes one of several chitin synthases in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a medically important fungus restricted geographically to Latin America. The gene contains a single open reading frame of 3817 bp with two introns (71 and 86 bp) and encodes a 1220 amino acid polypeptide with high similarity to other fungal chitin synthases. Northern analysis reveals a high expression of CHS3 in the pathogenic yeast‐like phase of the fungus and at the end of the mycelium–yeast transition. Expression of P. brasiliensis CHS3 in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae chs3 null mutant enhanced calcofluor white staining in parallel to an increase in total chitin synthase activity and chitin content in its cell wall. The sequence of P. brasiliensis CHS3 is available at the GenBank database under Accession No. AF107623.2. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN A PIED TAMARIN (SAGUINUS BICOLOR)

Abstract An intact male pied tamarin (Saguinus bicolor) presented with a hunched posture while moving, dysuria, pollakiuria, and hematuria. After diagnostic imaging assessment and prostate biopsy, benign prostatic hyperplasia was diagnosed. Treatments with delmadinone acetate and osaterone caused clinical signs and hematuria to resolve temporarily for a variable period of time. Because of frequent recurrence, elective surgical castration was performed, leading to resolution of the clinical signs.
Excitation and inhibition onto central courtship neurons biases Drosophila mate choice

The ability to distinguish males from females is essential for productive mate selection and species propagation. Recent studies in Drosophila have identified different classes of contact chemosensory neurons that detect female or male pheromones and influence courtship decisions. Here, we examine central neural pathways in the male brain that process female and male pheromones using anatomical, calcium imaging, optogenetic, and behavioral studies. We find that sensory neurons that detect female pheromones, but not male pheromones, activate a novel class of neurons in the ventral nerve cord to cause activation of P1 neurons, male-specific command neurons that trigger courtship. In addition, sensory neurons that detect male pheromones, as well as those that detect female pheromones, activate central mAL neurons to inhibit P1. These studies demonstrate that the balance of excitatory and inhibitory drives onto central courtship-promoting neurons controls mating decisions. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.11188. 001
Comparing Value Propositions with Users' Perceptions to Better Understand the eValues of Electronic Marketplaces

In this paper, we question the nature and dimensions of eValues. We apply our approach to electronic marketplaces (EMPs), as an illustration of interorganizational information systems. The research is based upon 50 interviews made in 6 EMPs, and a thematic analysis on the themes linked to “the value of EMPs”. Our results categorise the different perceptions of eValues according to the different profiles: the value proposition of EMPs’ managers and the perceived values of buyer and supplier managers. We highlight that eValue is a key component that helps to distinguish three types of EMP business models: the Buy-type, the Supply-type and the Indus-type. Finally, we discuss the orientation of each business model according to the current value it offers to customers, and conclude that the concept of eValue questions the design of the model of revenue of EMPs.
Paying for What Kind of Performance? Performance Pay and Multitasking in Mission-Oriented Jobs

How does pay-for-performance (P4P) impact productivity, multitasking, and the composition of workers in mission-oriented jobs? These are central issues in sectors like education or healthcare. We conduct a laboratory experiment, manipulating compensation and mission, to answer these questions. We find that P4P has positive effects on productivity on the incentivized dimension of effort and negative effects on the non-incentivized dimension for workers in non-mission-oriented treatments. In mission-oriented treatments, P4P generates minimal change on either dimension. Participants in the non-mission sector – but not in the mission-oriented treatments – sort on ability, with lower ability workers opting out of the P4P scheme.
Template-free ZnS nanorod synthesis by microwave irradiation

We report template-free, microwave-irradiation-assisted growth of ZnS nanorods. Using this facile and high yield technique we could grow nanostructures of approximately 50–100 nm diameter and more than 1 µm in length. Effects of microwave power and irradiation time on the growth process were investigated. It was revealed that the time of refluxing plays a vital role in determining the thickness of the rods. This simple technique using a multimode microwave source may prove to be a potential tool for growing similar nanostructures of other oxide-, sulfide- and selenide-based compound semiconductors.
AIS Electronic

: Based on the sharing mode of supply chain resources in the environment of cloud service, this research constructed the evolutionary game model of supply chain resource-sharing to reveal the behaviors between two types of enterprise, the equilibrium in model and local stability are analyzed under the state of uniform mixed and non-uniform mixed populations. By using the method of system dynamics, the evolutionary game model is built, and a contrastive analysis of evolutionary results affected by diverse parametric variations is performed. The results of the research shows that the evolutionary trends of the game are significantly influenced by the initial sharing proportion in enterprise group, the cost and benefit of upgrading equipment, and the risk of technological loss. To facilitate the information interaction and resource sharing between enterprises, continuous improvement needed to be done in line with the above aspects.
Streamlining Escherichia Coli S30 Extract Preparation for Economical Cell‐Free Protein Synthesis

Escherichia coli extracts activate cell‐free protein synthesis systems by providing the catalysts for translation and other supporting reactions. Recent results suggest that high‐density fermentations can be used to provide the source cells, but the subsequent cell extract preparation procedure requires multiple centrifugation and dialysis steps as well as an expensive runoff reaction. In the work reported here, the extract preparation protocol duration was reduced by nearly 50% by significantly shortening several steps. In addition, by optimizing the runoff incubation, overall reagent costs were reduced by 70%. Nonetheless, extracts produced from the shorter, less expensive procedure were equally active. Crucial steps were further examined to indicate minimal ribosome loss during the standard 30 000g centrifugations. Furthermore, sucrose density centrifugation analysis indicated that although an incubation step significantly activates the extract, ribosome/polysome dissociation is not required. These insights suggest that consistent cell extract can be produced more quickly and with considerably less expense for large‐scale cell‐free protein production, especially when combined with high‐density fermentation protocols.
Stimulation of gastric secretion and gastrin release by single oral doses of calcium carbonate in man.

Abstract In 13 fasting men with and without duodenal ulcer, oral administration of 2 g of calcium carbonate produced a significant increase (p<0.025) in gastric acid secretion above basal levels for two hours. Serum gastrin concentration increased significantly (p<0.05) 30 and 60 minutes after administration of 2 g of calcium carbonate. No significant change in acid secretion or serum gastrin occurred after oral administration of 2 g of sodium bicarbonate. In additional tests, a significant increase (p<0.05) in acid secretion occurred in each of five subjects given 0.5 g of calcium carbonate by mouth. Single oral doses of calcium carbonate thus appear capable of stimulating gastric acid secretion and gastrin release in fasting subjects with and without duodenal ulcer. (N Engl J Med 289:555–558, 1973)
MEASURING THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT, HRM AND ORGANISATIONAL SUCCESS IN UAE

Organizations in the past have neglected talents employees, whereby researchers and HR professionals have realized the importance of talent management for the modern organizations rather than relying on the foreign expatriates to manage their human capital effectively for sustaining effectively. As such, this study aimed to measure the mediating role of talent management between HRM and organizational success relationship in the UAE aluminium industry. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from the various aluminium companies operating in UAE. For hypothesis testing, SEM was employed. The finding indicates of having a full mediation in the model. Emergence of internet technology has led to tremendous changes in organizational structure and impact on talent management towards organizational success. Many companies are trying in this competitive market to be successful on their product offerings by given the customer with best possible experiences. As a result, managers, and CEOs are concerned about taking the right direction to introduce new trainings to manage their talented employees. Nonetheless, this study is more concerned about HRM and talent management towards organizational success from the UAE aluminium industry perspective. Conversely, to be successful in this competitive market, all companies must care about their employees.
Quantitative Analysis of Aedes albopictus Movement Behavior Following Sublethal Exposure To Prallethrin

ABSTRACT The pyrethroid prallethrin, an AI in DUET™ (Clarke Mosquito Control, St. Charles, IL), is widely marketed ultra-low volume (ULV) mosquito adulticide. Volatilized prallethrin is intended to stimulate mosquito flight, increasing its adulticide effectiveness. However, field tests using volatilized prallethrin have not produced significant differences in mosquito trap catches, leading to questions regarding prallethrin's behavioral impact efficacy. Thus, we conducted laboratory tests of prallethrin's effect on flight behavior of adult female Asian tiger mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus. Mosquitoes were divided into 3 groups: untreated control, exposed to volatilized prallethrin, and exposed to a liquid spray calibrated to simulate a ULV application at label rates. After exposure, mosquito behavior in an airstream of 0.5 m/sec was recorded and analyzed using motion-tracking software. No significant differences in flight behavior were found between the control and treated mosquitoes exposed to volatilized prallethrin. The ULV-sprayed mosquitoes exhibited a significant increase in the number of flight events, the turning frequency, overall movement speed, and flight speed compared to the control—a significant difference in locomotor stimulation response that would increase exposure to a ULV spray cloud. However, our results showed that volatilization alone was insufficient to increase ULV efficacy in the field and suggested that incorporating a more volatile flight stimulant into ULV adulticides would provide a measurable improvement in mosquito control.
Structural Insight into the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vif SOCS Box and Its Role in Human E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Assembly

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virion infectivity factor (Vif) causes the proteasome-mediated destruction of human antiviral protein APOBEC3G by tethering it to a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase composed of ElonginB, ElonginC, Cullin5, and Rbx2. It has been proposed that HIV Vif hijacks the E3 ligase through two regions within its C-terminal domain: a BC box region that interacts with ElonginC and a novel zinc finger motif that interacts with Cullin5. We have determined the crystal structure of the HIV Vif BC box in complex with human ElonginB and ElonginC. This complex presents direct structural evidence of the recruitment of a human ubiquitin ligase by a viral BC box protein that mimics the conserved interactions of cellular ubiquitin ligases. We further mutated conserved hydrophobic residues in a region downstream of the Vif BC box. These mutations demonstrate that this region, the Vif Cullin box, composes a third E3-ligase recruiting site critical for interaction between Vif and Cullin5. Furthermore, our homology modeling reveals that the Vif Cullin box and zinc finger motif may be positioned adjacent to the N terminus of Cullin5 for interaction with loop regions in the first cullin repeat of Cullin5.
Book Review: Panel Analysis: Latent Probability Models for Attitude and Behavior Processes

Anyone who has done much study of panel analysis or is familiar with the Bureau of Applied Social Research at Columbia University knows of Lee Wiggins. Unfortunately, the written reports of Wiggins's work all appeared between 1951 and 1958 and none was published in scholarly journals or by commercial publishers. In fact, his early work was available only in his unpublished dissertation, a mimeographed proceedings from the Bureau of Applied Social Research, and a RAND Corporation monograph. Thus, it is a pleasant surprise and a substantial benefit to all engaged in the analysis of panel data to have an easily accessible description of Lee Wiggins's 25 years of work in the development of mathematical models for the analysis of panel data. Wiggins's models are of a particular type that he calls latent probability models. They appear to be very general, but I suspect they depart enough from the assumptions of classical statistical models so that they will not become a favorite for panel analysis overnight. This is unfortunate, if true, for it is the difference between the assumptions of the latent models and the classical statistical model that is perhaps the most important contribution of Wiggins's work. His are discrete time models like Markov and most other stochastic brand switching models and are unlike those of James S. Coleman's Models of Change and Response Uncertainty [ 1]. Most of the models are developed for nominal data, but most chapters also develop an analogous model for continuous variables. Thus, the nominal variable models may be compared to other stochastic switching models and the continuous variable models may be compared to error models found in test psychology and econometrics [2, 5]. The derivations employ substantial amounts of matrix algebra that Wiggins presents in more detailed form than is usual today. The mechanical aspects are good. I found only a few typographical errors in a book
Decreased levels of a soluble form of the human adhesion receptor CD58 (LFA-3) in sera and synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE Soluble forms of adhesion molecules (sAM) can block cellular interactions and potentially prevent the adhesion of mononuclear cells to inflammatory tissue. We therefore wondered whether levels of a soluble form of the CD2-ligand CD58 (sCD58) are decreased in patients with different types of joint disease. METHODS SCD58 concentrations were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 13 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), 16 patients with psoriatic arthropathy (PsA), 15 patients with spondylarthropathy (SpA), and 61 age-matched normal controls (NC). SCD58 was also determined in synovial fluid samples (SF) from 42 patients with RA, 12 with PsA, and 12 with SpA. Concentrations of sCD58 were correlated with clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity. Binding of biotinylated human albumin to recombinant CD58 or casein was assessed by a modified ELISA: RESULTS SCD58 levels were significantly reduced in sera from RA patients compared to NC (p < 0.0001), OA (p = 0.019), and SpA (p < 0.0001). Normal concentrations were found in sera from patients with OA, PsA, or SpA. SF sCD58 concentrations were generally lower than serum concentrations (between 18 and 28%). RA SF had significantly lower sCD58 levels than SpA SF (p = 0.01). Reduction of serum sCD58 levels correlated significantly with the ESR (r = 0.56; p < 0.0001), CRP (r = 0.4; p = 0.003), and TJS (r = 0.47; p = 0.0001). In addition, sCD58 serum levels correlated significantly with the reticulocyte count (r = 0.47; p = 0.02) and serum albumin (r = 0.42; p = 0.002). Accordingly, biotinylated human albumin bound to recombinant CD58 in a dose dependent fashion, but not to casein. CONCLUSION This study indicates that serum and SF sCD58 levels in patients with RA are reduced compared to the levels in normal controls and patients with OA or SpA. Decreased albumin concentrations due to systemic inflammation may lead to reduced sCD58 levels. Since sCD58 may normally mediate de-adhesion, such a reduction could result in increased T cell adhesiveness.
A PIFA-Type Varactor-Tunable Slim Antenna With a PIL Patch Feed for Multiband Applications

A novel varactor-tuned compact multiband slim antenna for covering the digital cellular system (DCS; 1710-1880 MHz), personal communication service (PCS; 1850-1990 MHz), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS; 1900-2200 MHz), WiBro (2300-2390 MHz), and wireless LAN (WLAN; 5150-5350 and 5725-5850 MHz) bands is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a main patch and a planar inverted-L (PIL) patch with a feed line for the broadband characteristic. A varactor diode is attached to the radiating element for frequency shift. This antenna occupied in a total volume of 27 mm times 11 mm times 5 mm can be easily placed in commercial mobile handsets. The computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio is used to design and optimize the antenna. We found good agreement between the simulated and measured results
Immunocytochemical localisation of hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase in pineal photoreceptor cells of several fish species

Melatonin is an internal “Zeitgeber,” involved in the timing and control of a number of rhythmic functions and behaviours. Its synthesising cells remain to be identified in the fish pineal. The last step in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway is catalysed by the enzyme hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase. An affinity‐purified antibody, directed against chicken pineal hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase, was used in the present study to identify the melatonin synthesising cells in four fish species: a primitive chondrostean (sturgeon), a saltwater teleost (dorado), and two freshwater teleosts (pike, trout). Western blot immunolabeling of pike and trout pineal proteins revealed a single band at 38 KDa, which corresponds to the known molecular weight of the enzyme in bovine, rat, and chicken pineal. Regardless of the species, a specific immunocytochemical labeling, visualised by means of the peroxidaseantiperoxidase method, was exclusively associated with the photoreceptor cells. These results provide evidence that photoreceptors of the fish pineal are responsible for the biosynthesis of 5‐methoxyindoles, including melatonin. In the pike, reactions were less intense in the distal portion of the pineal vesicle than in the other regions of the organ. It is questioned whether this might be related to the existence of a germinative zone, generating new photoreceptor cells in this distal portion. Hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase has been previously demonstrated in mammalian pinealocytes, and modified photoreceptors of the avian pineal. It is now demonstrated in pineal photoreceptors of a primitive fish and of more evolved saltwater and freshwater fish. The results strengthen the view that these cells are related through phylogeny and that their well conserved melatoninergic function appears early in the course of evolution.
Autoantibodies in Prediction of the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Healthy Relatives of Patients With the Disease

Although blood bank–based studies have shown that rheumatoid arthritis (RA)–related autoantibodies are present before the onset of RA, information on their positive predictive value (PPV) for development of RA in healthy individuals is scarce. This study was undertaken to assess the 5‐year PPV of serum IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM‐RF) and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) for the development of RA among healthy relatives of patients with RA.