Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution Pattern and Outcome of Primary Oral Mucosal Melanoma: A Systematic Review

Background: Primary Oral Mucosal Melanoma (POMM) is an extremely rare malignant tumor with a very poor prognosis. Interestingly, various reports have shown its uneven distribution in the oral cavity and a predominance of POMM in areas of high mechanical stress like maxillary gingiva and hard palate. Objectives: This systematic review is focused on distribution, clinical significance and the outcome of POMM in the masticatory, lining and specialized mucosa. Data sources: With the search limited between 01-01-1998 to 11-26-2018, a systematic review of English electronic databases was done with ''oral'', "mouth'', "mucosal", "melanoma'' and a combination of these terms. By searching for references and/or bibliographies, a list of selected reviews and studies was prepared. Further, by consulting experts in the field, few more additional studies were identified. All the studies were restricted to humans. Only the studies written in the English language were included. Data extraction: A data collection table was used to retrieve information regarding patient characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and study design independently by two researchers. Study quality indicators were determined and papers were stratified accordingly. The collected data were analyzed. Data synthesis: A total of 27 articles met our inclusion criteria. The masticatory mucosa was the most common (87%) site of occurrence of POMM, followed by lining mucosa (11%) and specialized mucosa (2%). The prevalence of POMM was highest on the hard palate followed by gingiva with the ventral tongue being the rarest location. Limitations: This is a review of uncontrolled studies in which cases with any stage were included, treated with different operators and follow up duration was not uniform. The outcome information was not sufficient to have a conclusion about the prognosis of this disease in each type of mucosa. Conclusion: We suggest further studies with clear localization and outcome information about each type of mucosa to have a better understanding.
Simulation research on the grid connected generation system of solar thermal power generation

Objective: To improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system, improve the power quality, and promote the optimization and development of solar thermal power generation. Methods: In this study, firstly, voltage feedback, power feedback, disturbance observation and conductance increment are used to track the maximum power of photovoltaic cells. After that, the problems and shortcomings of incremental conductance method are further optimized and improved. Then, the control of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is expanded. Finally, in the Matlab software, the simulation model of power generation system is built. Results: The synchronization time of voltage and current is less than 0.1s. The current voltage and grid current voltage have the same frequency and phase. In the case of reactive power, the power factor of the system is close to 1. There is a certain relationship between the wave form of the active power and the illumination, and the illumination change will be found. The active power will also change with it, and the changing waveform is very similar to the light waveform, or even close to it. Conclusion: The simulation experiment shows that the optimized power generation system has great advantages and effectiveness, its dynamic response ability is very strong, and the output waveform of the power generation system can change with the sun light, which can effectively prevent the interference from the environment.
Andersen & Brodie’s approach for pricing Bermudan options

Taking the infimum over all πǫH proves that Q0 is bounded above by the right-hand side of (1). The dual problem is then equivalent to finding the best martingale process in H that minimizes the duality gap to the option’s true price Q0. To find a possible candidate, we can use the Doob-Meyer decomposition of the Snell envelope process (B (0, t) Qt)t>0, which is the smallest supermartingale that dominates the actualized payoff (B (0, t) φ (St))t>0.
AN OPTIMIZED METHOD FOR SEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF APPLE DISEASES BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Agriculture is a major part of the world economy as it provides food safety. However, in recent years, it has been noted that plants are extensively infected by different diseases. This causes enormous economic losses in the agriculture industry around the world. The manual inspection of fruit diseases is a difficult process which can be minimized by using automated methods for detection of plant diseases at the earlier stage. In this article, a new method is implemented for apple diseases identification and recognition. Three pipeline procedures are followed preprocessing, spot segmentation and classification. In the first step, the apple leaf spots are enhanced by a hybrid method which is the conjunction of 3D box filtering, de-correlation, RGB color model. After that, the lesion spots are segmented by converting the red channel to black and white channel. Finally, the segmented red channel image is classified by CNN Classifier. The experimental results are performed on the Plant Village dataset. The proposed methodology is tested for four types of apple disease classes including healthy leaves, Black rot, Rust, and Scab. The classification results show the improvement of our method on selected apple diseases. Moreover, the good preprocessing step always produced prominent features which later achieved significant classification accuracy.
SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SOIL MOISTURE IN STRIP-TILL ONE-PASS TECHNOLOGY

Background. As a result of the zonal effect of strip tillage with its simultaneous application of fertilizers and the sowing of seeds, and depending on the presence of post-harvest residues, there may be variations in soil properties including that of moisture content. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial diversity of moisture in soil cultivated or prepared for cultivation according to the strip-till one-pass technology, as well as the dynamics of its changes. Material and methods. In field experiments and laboratory tests the diversity of soil moisture was assessed depending on the actual or simulated impact zone of the working parts of hybrid strip tilling and sowing machines and the distribution of post-harvest residues on the soil surface. Results. During the period of intensive growth of plants the water content in the loosened strips of the plant rows was lower than in the uncultivated inter-rows. In these strips there was a rapid infiltration of water after precipitation and a faster decrease in moisture content than there was in the inter-rows. The loosened soil moved away at the time of sowing into the inter-row, or its surface layer, in rainless periods contained less water than the lower layers. Plant mulch on the surface also led to soil having a higher water content. Conclusion. The zonal effect of the working parts of a strip-till and sowing machine causes spatial differentiation of soil moisture. Non-loosened soil zones, especially in rainless periods, contain more water than the cultivated strips in rows of plants. Higher soil moisture is encouraged by covering the soil with a layer of mulch or a layer of loosened soil.
Pattern of gallstone disease in an industrial township in India: are the risk factors different?

Gallstone disease is one of the most common problems affecting the digestive tract. At least 10% of the general population has gallstones. Most patients remain asymptomatic throughout life, with approximately 1-2% of the asymptomatic individuals becoming symptomatic per year. Also, up to 30% of the patients who have one episode of pain do not have a later episode. The risk of development of biliary complications is estimated to be 1-2% per year, and remains relatively constant over time. Although type of gallstone is not discriminatory, its presence increases the risk of gallbladder malignancy by 7 times.
DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF BARCODE DIAMETER-AT-BREAST-HEIGHT TAPE IN FOREST INVENTORIES

Diameter at breast height (DBH) is one of the most important factors in forest inventories. A diameter tape is a traditional tool for measuring DBHs and is often used to obtain references when testing other DBH tools. However, reading measurements with this tool is subjective and may result in low-accuracy values. In this paper, two types of diameter tapes with barcoding (black & white tape and multicolour tape) were designed based the traditional diameter tape. A new algorithm was designed and developed as an application that can be installed on a smartphone with a wide-angle camera to decode and store readings of these new tapes. This system was tested in typical forest plots. The results showed that when comparing the mean values measured multiple times with reference values obtained with a traditional tape, the bias was not particularly significant (1.3 mm). The RMSE of measurements using these new tools (5.6 mm) was smaller than that obtained using a traditional tool (9.2 mm). Furthermore, this new approach reduced the subjectivity of different observers reading the data. Therefore, these new tapes may be better alternatives to a traditional tape.
Functional Performance in Female Soccer Players Before and After Knee Injury Prevention Training

Objective: Female soccer players have an increased risk of knee injuries. Functional tests are used to evaluate global knee function after injury and/or surgery. The aims of this study were to characterize functional performance in female soccer players using four selected functional performance tests and to evaluate the effects of a specific injury prevention programme. Methods: Ninety-nine female soccer players were divided into an intervention group (n=53) and controls (n=46). Both groups performed four functional performance tests at baseline and were retested at three months’ follow-up. Only the intervention group was educated in knee injury prevention and given a prevention programme including three exercises recommended twice a week. Results: At follow-up the intervention group had significantly better results in the single leg sit-to-stand test (right leg 27 ± 7.7 vs. 31 ± 7 .0; left leg 28 ± 7.0 vs. 30 ± 16.8) than the controls (right leg 25 ± 5.6 vs. 26 ± 6.6; left leg 24 ± 6.0 vs. 25±6.0); p=0.001; p<0.0001, respectively. The intervention group also had significantly improved results in single-leg hop for distance in both legs from baseline (right leg: 116 ± 15.2 cm; left leg: 118 ± 14.2 cm) to follow-up (right leg: 121 ± 14.4 cm; left leg: 122 ± 15.8 cm); p=0.03; p=0.02, respectively. Conclusion: This brief injury prevention programme seemed to improve muscular strength and endurance in the lower extremities of female soccer players when performed for three months and evaluated on four selected functional tests. Citation: Ytfeldt L, Skenk S, Månsson J, Grönlund MA (2018) Functional Performance in Female Soccer Players Before and After Knee Injury Prevention Training. Physiother Rehabil 3: 161. doi: 10.4172/2573-0312.1000161
Effects of 8-Week Home-Based Yoga and Resistance Training on Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity and Balance in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background: Muscleweakness, fatigueandbalancedisturbancescontributetothereductionof dailyactivityinmultiplesclerosis (MS)patients. Therapeuticstrategiestopromoteimprovementsinmusclestrength, functionalcapacityandbalancearelimitedin individuals with MS. Yoga training (YT) is a most popular mind-body intervention and has been known to positively aﬀect physical, mentalandothersymptomsof multiplesclerosispatientswithmoderatedisabilityandothercases. Strengthtrainingasaphysical exercise has positive eﬀects in performance and some disabilities in these patients. Objectives: This study was designed to determine eﬀect of 8-week home-based YT and resistance training (RT) on muscle strength, functional capacity and balance in 26 patients with MS with mild to moderate disability. Methods: 26 male and female patients (Age: 31.3 ± 9.0749) with mild to moderate disability, were recruited and randomized into three groups: Yoga training (n =9) with three-times weeklyhome based Hatha Yoga training for eight weeks, Resistance training (n = 9) with three-times weekly home based resistance training program for eight weeks and control groups (n = 8). Results: ThedataanalyzedusingonewayANOVAshowed;however,thatYThadnosigniﬁcanteﬀectonlegextensormusclestrength, but home RT increased it. Also, functional capacity was not aﬀected by either YT or RT, but the balance changed specially with YT. Conclusions: In conclusion, it seems that prescribing regular training programs with controlled intensity and time, particularly RT and Hatha yoga training can have a positive impact on the lower limbs strength and some degree of balance improvement in multiple sclerosis patients.
Mitigations of Syzygium cummini Fruit Extract on CdCl2 Induced Histopathological Changes in Laboratory Mouse Epididymids

The aim of present project was to determine the harmful effects of CdCl2 on epididymis of adult mice (Mus musculus). Histopathological changes in epididymis of mice treated with 50ppm of CdCl2 were studied in this research work. Moreover, remedial effects of Jambul fruit extract were also studied. Study was conducted on 30 male albino mice divided into three groups (n=10) as follows; {(a) Control (C); (untreated); (b) CdCl2 {50ppm CdCl2 as drinking water (15 days) and for natural recovery CdCl2 free water (7days); (c) CdCl2+Jambul extract (CdCl2+J) 50ppm CdCl2 in drinking water for 15 days followed by 0.2mLJambul extract (7days)}. All animals were dissected on day 21st for surgical removal of epididymis. The results revealed that mean tubular cross-sectional area of caput, corpus and cauda epididymis was significantly increased in CdCl2 treated group compared to Control and Cd+J treated groups. A single peritoneal administration of soluble cadmium causes an acute hemorrhagic reaction in proximal end of caput epididymis. The lining epithelium of the proximal caput was atrophied, tubules were dilated and spermatozoa within the lumen were disintegrated.
Effects of Topology Optimization in Multimaterial 3D Bioprinting of Soft Actuators

Recently, there has been a proliferation of soft robots and actuators that exhibit improved capabilities and adaptability through three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Flexibility and shape recovery attributes of stimuli-responsive polymers as the main components in the production of these dynamic structures enable soft manipulations in fragile environments, with potential applications in biomedical and food sectors. Topology optimization (TO), when used in conjunction with 3D bioprinting with optimal design features, offers new capabilities for efficient performance in compliant mechanisms. In this paper, multimaterial TO analysis is used to improve and control the bending performance of a bioprinted soft actuator with electrolytic stimulation. The multimaterial actuator performance is evaluated by the amplitude and rate of bending motion and compared with the single material printed actuator. The results demonstrated the efficacy of multimaterial 3D bioprinting optimization for the rate of actuation and bending.
A Fourteen-day Experience with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): An Iranian Treatment Protocol

COVID-19 is currently causing concern in the medical community as the virus is spreading around the world. It has a heavy global burden, particularly in low-income countries. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 pneumonia ranges from mild to critically ill cases and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. An expert panel was held and an internal protocol was developed to manage the COVID-19 induced ARDS according to WHO recommendations and NIH guidelines. Different therapeutic regimens were employed on this protocol based on the ARDS severity and the patients’ special characteristics. The mortality rate, the rate of survivors, and non-survivors were reported. Of the 231 suspected cases of COVID-19 admitted to the hospital during two weeks, 72 patients were admitted to ICU with diagnosis confirmed by RT-PCR. In total, mortality in the ICU was 25% (n = 18) among ARDS patients over two weeks. COVID-19 induced ARDS is a major concern. The rapid progression of ARDS needs specific protocol based on patients’ characteristics and rapid action.
Towards a Low-Carbon Society via Hydrogen and Carbon Capture and Storage: Social Acceptance from a Stakeholder Perspective

Transformation concepts towards a low-carbon society often require new technology and infrastructure that evoke protests in the population. Therefore, it is crucial to understand positions and conflicts in society to achieve social acceptance. This paper analyses these positions using the example of implementing hydrogen and carbon capture and storage infrastructure to decarbonise the German energy system. The empirical basis of the study are explorative stakeholder interviews which were conducted with experts from politics, economics, civil society and science and analysed within a discursive and attitudinal framework using qualitative content analysis. These stakeholder positions are assumed to represent dominant social perceptions and reflect chances and risks for acceptance. The results indicate different positions while pursuing the common goal of addressing climate change. The general conflict concerns strategies towards a low-carbon society, especially the speed of phasing-out fossil energies. Regarding the combination of hydrogen and carbon capture and storage as instrument in the context of the energy transition, the stakeholder interviews indicate controversial as well as consensual perceptions. The assessments range from rejection to deeming it absolutely necessary. Controversial argumentations refer to security of supply, competitiveness and environmental protection. In contrast, consensus can be reached by balancing ecological and economic arguments, e.g. by linking hydrogen technologies with renewable and fossil energy sources or by limiting the use of carbon capture and storage only to certain applications (industry, bioenergy). In further decisions, this balancing of arguments combined with openness of technology, transparency of information and citizen participation need to be considered to achieve broad acceptance.
Improved field oriented control for stand alone dual star induction generator used in wind energy conversion

This paper presents a novel direct rotor flux oriented control with online estimation of magnetizing current and magnetizing inductance applied to self-excited dual star induction generator equipping a wind turbine in remote sites. The induction generator is connected to nonlinear load through two PWM rectifiers. The fuzzy logic controller is used to ensure the DC bus voltage a constant value when changes in speed and load conditions. In this study, a performance comparison between the conventional approach and the novel approach is made. The proposed control strategy is validated by simulation in Matlab/Simulink.
Digital Platform Utilization for Indonesian Marine Products Marketing: A Study Case on Aruna Indonesia

Marine products is one of main contributors to maritime economy in Indonesia, but marine product industries’ contribution to the GDP and coastal community welfare in Indonesia are considered low. Aruna Indonesia is a start-up that links fishermen as individual and cooperatives with the end buyers through the utilization of Information Technology (IT). Fishermen place their products on Aruna Indonesia website thus the end buyers can order the products online. Aruna Indonesia establishment is seen as one of mushrooming phenomenon of ecommerce in Indonesia, as well as the solution to marine products closed distribution chain problems. Fishermen as Aruna Indonesia partners require the engagement and support in ecommerce. The problem identification of this study is how significant is the digital platform towards marine products marketing to support fishermen welfare in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative method with interview and literature study data collection. Research result shows that the utilization of digital platform can ease and enlarge marine products marketing and increase the fishermen welfare as partners.
Conditional indirect effects of gender and school on internet use for academic activities and social-moral development among secondary school students in Nigeria

Abstract Social networking sites (SNS) are becoming platforms for educational activities and thereby facilitating student–student and student–teacher academic and social interaction. Do these dynamics influence adolescent students’ social and moral development and if they do, by what mechanism? This study depicts the moderated effects of gender and school on the relationship between students’ use of internet for academic activities and their social and moral development which was mediated by SNS-use. Locally adapted and standardised questionnaires were administered to 637 adolescent students (Mean age = 15.98; Range = 14–18 years; Females = 68.3%). Conceptual models positing moderated mediated relationships were used to test the study’s hypotheses. First, findings showed that SNS-use mediated the relationship between students’ use of internet for academic activities and their social-moral development; and gender moderated these indirect effects (Process model 58). Second, the type of school moderated one indirect path in the mediated relationship between students’ use of internet for academic activities and their social-moral development through SNS-use (Process model 7). These findings suggest that it is SNS-use by adolescent students that engenders internet use for academic activities and this fosters their social-moral development, but this is more pronounced among male adolescent students and among those from public schools. The implications are discussed and recommendations made.
A Multiscale finite element model to predict the diffusional behaviour of biocomposites dedicated to structural applications

Predicting the in-service durability of a structure is a challenge for engineers, especially when water or moisture are involved. Therefore, a model-based approach which allows assessing the effect of this media on the material's behaviour is proposed in this study. Its first step consists in simulating the water diffusion in the material as a function of temperature and stress state. For composite materials, this simulation is complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the material and by its multiscale organization. The purpose of this research is to develop a water diffusion numerical model that accounts for the actual microstructure of a biocomposite. The material under study is a unidirectionally flax reinforced polyester composite dedicated to ship structures. Two observation scales are considered: the yarn scale composed of bulk matrix, single fibres and bundles, and the composite scale with bulk matrix and yarns. A so-called 'direct' model where geometry replicates accurately an example of a real microstructure was compared to a 'parametric' model which is built up from several key parameters assesed from a microscopic analysis of this composite. First results show that the parametric model leads to a reliable prediction of the water diffusion at the studied scales.