Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel laser-processed self-aligned gate-overlapped LDD poly-Si TFT

A novel process for fabricating self-aligned gate-overlapped LDD (SAGOLDD) poly-Si thin film transistors (TFTs) was demonstrated. Laser irradiation for dopant activation was performed from the backside of the quartz wafer. The graded LDD structure was naturally formed under the gate edges due to the lateral diffusion of the dopants during the laser activation. In comparison with the conventional laser-processed self-aligned poly-Si TFTs, the SAGOLDD poly-Si TFTs exhibited lower leakage current, suppressed kink effect, and higher reliability. Moreover, the proposed process was simple and very suitable for low-temperature processing.
Incorporation of a charged amino acid into the membrane-spanning domain blocks cell surface transport but not membrane anchoring of a viral glycoprotein

The membrane-spanning domain of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G protein) consists of a continuous stretch of 20 uncharged and mostly hydrophobic amino acids. We examined the effects of two mutations which change the amino acid sequence in this domain. These mutations were generated by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of a cDNA clone encoding the G protein, and the altered G proteins were then expressed in animal cells. Replacement of an isoleucine residue in the center of this domain with a strongly polar but uncharged amino acid (glutamine) had no effect on membrane anchoring or transport of the protein to the cell surface. Replacement of this same isoleucine residue with a charged amino acid (arginine) generated a G protein that still spanned intracellular membranes but was not transported efficiently to the cell surface. The protein accumulated in the Golgi region in about 50% of the cells, and about 20% of the cells had detectable protein levels in a punctate pattern on the cell surface. In the remaining cells the protein accumulated in a vesicular pattern throughout the cytoplasm. Models which might explain the abnormal behavior of this protein are discussed.
Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of Pyrazinamide in a Novel In Vitro Model of Tuberculosis for Sterilizing Effect: a Paradigm for Faster Assessment of New Antituberculosis Drugs

ABSTRACT There are currently renewed efforts to develop drugs that could shorten the duration of antituberculosis therapy. This is best achieved by optimizing the sterilizing effect. However, the current pathway for the development of new molecules with the potential to have a sterilizing effect is inefficient. We designed an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis replicating slowly at pH 5.8 was exposed to pyrazinamide by use of the concentration-time profiles encountered in patients. The sterilizing effect rates and the time to the emergence of drug resistance were examined. Daily pyrazinamide dosing for 28 days accurately achieved (i) the pyrazinamide pharmacokinetic parameters, (ii) the lack of early bactericidal activity, (iii) a sterilizing effect rate of 0.10 log10 CFU/ml per day starting on day 6 of therapy, and (iv) a time to the emergence of resistance of the from 2 to 3 weeks of monotherapy encountered in patients with tuberculosis. Next, dose-scheduling studies were performed. The sterilizing effect was linked to the pyrazinamide ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) to the MIC (r2 = 0.80 to 0.90), with 90% of the maximal effect being achieved by an AUC0-24/MIC of 209.08. Resistance suppression was associated with the percentage of time that the concentration persisted above the MIC (r2 = 0.73 to 0.91). Monte Carlo simulations of 10,000 patients demonstrated that the currently recommended pyrazinamide doses (15 to 30 mg/kg of body weight/day) achieved the AUC0-24/MIC of 209.08 in the epithelial lining fluid of only 15.1 to 53.3% of patients. Doses of >60 mg/kg per day performed better. Our vitro model for the sterilizing effect, together with Monte Carlo simulations, can be used for the faster identification of the clinical doses that are needed to achieve a sterilizing effect and that can then be studied in clinical trials.
CELLS MEDIATING GRAFT REJECTION IN THE MOUSE: III. Ly‐1 Precursor T Cells Generate Skin Graft Rejection

Skin graft rejection in ATXBM CBA mice reconstituted with naive (nonsensitized) cells was shown to be mediated predominantly by Ly-1+2- effector T cells. Thus, after the treatment of the inoculum with the monoclonal anti-Ly-1.1 antibody and complement, C57BL/6 skin grafts survived indefinitely, whereas Ly-2 antibody depletion merely delayed the onset of rejection. This showed that a Ly-1+2- precursor cell rather than a Ly-1+2+ cell was the progenitor of the Ly-1+2- graft rejection effector cell. Nevertheless, another T cell subset augmented the rejection of skin grafts and it was concluded that Ly-1,2,3+ cells also provided a pool of precursor cells. Thus, it appeared that both Ly-1+ and Ly-1,2,3+ cells can function as precursor cells for the effector cells, which, as shown previously, have the Ly-1+ phenotype.
Morphology, Carbohydrate Composition and Vernalization Response in a Genetically Diverse Collection of Asian and European Turnips (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa)

Brassica rapa displays enormous morphological diversity, with leafy vegetables, turnips and oil crops. Turnips (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) represent one of the morphotypes, which form tubers and can be used to study the genetics underlying storage organ formation. In the present study we investigated several characteristics of an extensive turnip collection comprising 56 accessions from both Asia (mainly Japanese origin) and Europe. Population structure was calculated using data from 280 evenly distributed SNP markers over 56 turnip accessions. We studied the anatomy of turnip tubers and measured carbohydrate composition of the mature turnip tubers of a subset of the collection. The variation in 16 leaf traits, 12 tuber traits and flowering time was evaluated in five independent experiments for the entire collection. The effect of vernalization on flowering and tuber formation was also investigated. SNP marker profiling basically divided the turnip accessions into two subpopulations, with admixture, generally corresponding with geographical origin (Europe or Asia). The enlarged turnip tuber consists of both hypocotyl and root tissue, but the proportion of the two tissues differs between accessions. The ratio of sucrose to fructose and glucose differed among accessions, while generally starch content was low. The evaluated traits segregated in both subpopulations, with leaf shape, tuber colour and number of shoots per tuber explaining most variation between the two subpopulations. Vernalization resulted in reduced flowering time and smaller tubers for the Asian turnips whereas the European turnips were less affected by vernalization.
Non-dimensional physics of pulsatile cardiovascular networks and energy efficiency

In Nature, there exist a variety of cardiovascular circulation networks in which the energetic ventricular load has both steady and pulsatile components. Steady load is related to the mean cardiac output (CO) and the haemodynamic resistance of the peripheral vascular system. On the other hand, the pulsatile load is determined by the simultaneous pressure and flow waveforms at the ventricular outlet, which in turn are governed through arterial wave dynamics (transmission) and pulse decay characteristics (windkessel effect). Both the steady and pulsatile contributions of the haemodynamic power load are critical for characterizing/comparing disease states and for predicting the performance of cardiovascular devices. However, haemodynamic performance parameters vary significantly from subject to subject because of body size, heart rate and subject-specific CO. Therefore, a ‘normalized’ energy dissipation index, as a function of the ‘non-dimensional’ physical parameters that govern the circulation networks, is needed for comparative/integrative biological studies and clinical decision-making. In this paper, a complete network-independent non-dimensional formulation that incorporates pulsatile flow regimes is developed. Mechanical design variables of cardiovascular flow systems are identified and the Buckingham Pi theorem is formally applied to obtain the corresponding non-dimensional scaling parameter sets. Two scaling approaches are considered to address both the lumped parameter networks and the distributed circulation components. The validity of these non-dimensional number sets is tested extensively through the existing empirical allometric scaling laws of circulation systems. Additional validation studies are performed using a parametric numerical arterial model that represents the transmission and windkessel characteristics, which are adjusted to represent different body sizes and non-dimensional haemodynamic states. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed non-dimensional indices are independent of body size for healthy conditions, but are sensitive to deviations caused by off-design disease states that alter the energetic load. Sensitivity simulations are used to identify the relationship between pulsatile power loss and non-dimensional characteristics, and optimal operational states are computed.
Biodegradation of Absorbable Sutures in Body Fluids and pH Buffers

Objective: This study measures the influence of body fluids on the loss of tensile strength of absorbable sutures in vitro. Methods: Nine synthetic absorbable sutures were incubated in different gastrointestinal fluids, as well as in blood and three buffers. Stretch tests were performed after days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Results: Tensile strength varied from 18.5 to 32.8 N, and elasticity varied from 9.5 to 51% of the initial length. The influence of pH, blood, and gastric juice was negligible on all sutures except PDS II®. Except for Monocryl®, all sutures, especially Polysorb® and Vicryl®, lost tensile strength much faster in bile, jejunal and pancreatic juices than in the corresponding buffers. Conclusion: The biodegradation of sutures varies greatly in different body fluids independent of differences in pH.
The potential advantage of omapatrilat: dual anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in one single molecule.

Left ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy represents one of the main pathophysiological responses to increased myocardial mechanical stress. At least initially, it has to be viewed as an adaptative response because an increase in wall thickness allows the left ventricle to develop an increased external work in the presence of a ‘normalized’ systolic wall tension [1]. On the other hand, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is accompanied by several adverse consequences for the heart, such as a reduction in systolic and diastolic function [2,3], a reduced coronary reserve [4] and an increased incidence of dysrhythmias [5,6]. Undoubtedly, at a time when transition to heart failure is taking place, LVH has to be viewed as a maladapative mechanism.
Intervening Effects of Total Alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola Bunting on Rats With Antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Analyses

Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by antibiotics is strongly connected with health concerns. Studying the mechanisms underlying antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis could help to identify effective drugs and prevent many serious diseases. In this study, in rats with antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis treated with total alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola Bunting (TACS), urinary and fecal biochemical changes and cecum microbial diversity were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and untargeted metabolomics. The microbial diversity results showed that 10 genera were disturbed by the antibiotic treatment, and two of them were obviously restored by TACS. The untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 34 potential biomarkers in urine and feces that may be the metabolites that are most related to the mechanisms underlying antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and the therapeutic effects of TACS treatment. The biomarkers were involved in six metabolic pathways, comprising pathways related to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), bile acid, arginine and proline, purine, aromatic amino acid, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. Notably, there was a strong correlation between these metabolic pathways and two gut microbiota genera (g__Blautia and g__Intestinibacter). The correlation analysis suggested that TACS might synergistically affect four of these metabolic pathways (BCAA, bile acid, arginine and proline, and purine metabolism), thereby modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Furthermore, we performed a molecular docking analysis involving simulating high-precision docking and using molecular pathway maps to illuminate the way that ligands (the five main alkaloid components of TACS) act on a complex molecular network, using CYP27A1 (a key enzyme in the bile acid synthesis pathway) as the target protein. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the intervening effects of TACS on the host metabolic phenotype and gut microbiome in rats with gut microbiota dysbiosis, and it presents new insights for the discovery of effective drugs and the best therapeutic approaches.
Complete Genome Sequence of Highly Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM2.S1, a Representative Strain of a Cluster Endemic to Japan

ABSTRACT We report the completely annotated genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM2.S1, a representative strain of a cluster endemic to Japan with a high level of resistance to carbapenem (MIC ≥ 128 μg/ml), amikacin (MIC ≥ 128 μg/ml), and fluoroquinolone (MIC ≥ 128 μg/ml).
Joint Reliability Importance in Linear <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$m$</tex></formula>-Consecutive-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex></formula>-Out-of-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$n$</tex></formula>: F Systems

We study the joint reliability importance (JRI) of two components in Lin/m/Con/k/n:F systems. A Lin/m/Con/k/n:F system consists of n linearly ordered binary components, and the system fails iff there are at least m nonoverlapping runs of k consecutive failed components (n ≥ mk). In particular, we obtain expressions for the JRI in Lin/m/Con/k/n:F systems when the components are s-independent & identical, when the components are s-independent & nonidentical, and when the components are exchangeable & s-dependent. We present extensive numerical illustrations.
Pouchitis in Ulcerative Colitis: Correlation between Predictors from Colectomy Specimens and Clinico-Histological Features

Pouchitis after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis is usually of ill-defined etiology and is encountered with sclerosing cholangitis, bacterial overgrowth, and ischemia. Recently, appendiceal involvement, ileitis, and fissures in the colectomy specimen have been associated with short- and long-term development of pouchitis. To corroborate these recent findings, the histology of 40 colectomies (70% males; mean age 46.3 years, age range 20–70 years; mean follow-up period 3.7 years, range 1–13 years) with yearly follow-up biopsies was correlated with pouchitis and clinical symptoms. Appendicitis, fissures, and ileitis were present in 47, 45 and 5% of the patients, respectively. Pouchitis in patients with appendicitis or with fissures was noted in 44 and 50% at first biopsy and in 70 and 58% during follow-up (p = NS). Of the patients without appendicitis or without fissures, 33 and 33% demonstrated pouchitis at the first biopsy and 30 and 55% during follow-up (p = NS). Clinico-histological correlation revealed normal/near-normal biopsies with the lowest clinical severity score in 77% and with the highest clinical score in 43% (p < 0.025). The histological findings of appendiceal involvement, fissuring ulcers, and ileitis in colectomies for ulcerative colitis do not correlate with the finding of pouchitis in early or late pouch biopsies. A high clinical suspicion score is frequently not correlated with significant inflammation of the pouch.
A Constant-Factor Approximation for Bounded Task Allocation Problem in Crowdsourcing

As the technology advances, there are more and more mobile crowdsensing (MCS) platforms that try to leverage these devices to improve the quality of our life. In this paper, we consider a bounded task allocation problem (BTAP) in MCS platforms that involve the time-sensitive and location-dependent tasks. We ﬁrst formulate the bounded task allocation problem as an integer programing problem and prove its NP-hardness. Then we propose an approximated algorithm to solve the problem with (2+ε)-approximated ratio and show that it is a tight bound. So far as we know, we are the first to give a constant approximated ratio for such task allocation problems. Finally, we make some simulations to show the performance of our scheme comparing with other two benchmarks.
Influence of microgap location and configuration on peri-implant bone morphology in nonsubmerged implants: an experimental study in dogs.

PURPOSE It is unknown whether different microgap configurations can cause different peri-implant bone reactions. Therefore, this study sought to compare the peri-implant bone morphologies of two implant systems with different implant-abutment connections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three months after mandibular tooth extractions in six mongrel dogs, two oxidized screw implants with an external-hex connection were inserted (hexed group) on one side, whereas on the contralateral side two grit-blasted screw implants with an internal Morse-taper connection (Morse group) were placed. On each side, one implant was inserted level with the bone (equicrestal) and the second implant was inserted 1.5 mm below the bony crest (subcrestal). Healing abutments were inserted immediately after implant placement. Three months later, the peri-implant bone levels, the first bone-to-implant contact points, and the width and steepness of the peri-implant bone defects were evaluated histometrically. RESULTS All 24 implants osseointegrated clinically and histologically. No statistically significant differences between the hexed group and Morse group were detected for either the vertical position for peri-implant bone levels (Morse equicrestal -0.16 mm, hexed equicrestal -0.22 mm, Morse subcrestal 1.50 mm, hexed subcrestal 0.94 mm) or for the first bone-to-implant contact points (Morse equicrestal -2.08 mm, hexed equicrestal -0.98 mm, Morse subcrestal -1.26 mm, hexed subcrestal -0.76 mm). For the parameters width (Morse equicrestal -0.15 mm, hexed equicrestal -0.59 mm, Morse subcrestal 0.28 mm, hexed subcrestal -0.70 mm) and steepness (Morse equicrestal 25.27 degree, hexed equicrestal 57.21 degree, Morse subcrestal 15.35 degree, hexed subcrestal 37.97 degree) of the peri-implant defect, highly significant differences were noted between the Morse group and the hexed group. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this experiment, it can be concluded that different microgap configurations influence the size and shape of the peri-implant bone defect in nonsubmerged implants placed both at the crest and subcrestally.
Identification of unique release kinetics of serotonin from guinea‐pig and human enterochromaffin cells

• Enterochromaffin (EC) cells are enteroendocrine cells that synthesise ∼95% of the body's total serotonin (5‐HT). • Although 5‐HT release from EC cells plays a number of important physiological roles, primary EC cells have not been studied at the single cell level. • This study provides the first functional characterisation of single primary guinea‐pig and human EC cells. • EC cells release 5‐HT from large dense core vesicles in a calcium‐dependent manner with kinetics surprisingly resembling release from synaptic vesicles. • 3D modelling indicates that the quantity of 5‐HT released per vesicle fusion event is physiologically relevant to GI tract function in terms of the concentrations needed to activate local 5‐HT receptors. • These findings represent significant advances in our understanding of EC cell function and will be of broad interest to researchers in endocrine cell biology, gastroenterology, neuroscience, exocytosis and glucose control.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS USING STATISTICAL BASED TECHNIQUES

The initial and crucial step in developing an accurate end milling model using artificial neural network (ANN) requires an enormous number of experiments over several ranges of feasible input parameters. However, approximately, similar modeling results can be achieved with lower number of experiments and consequently lower experimental cost, when the selection of experiments is properly planned. This paper provides a powerful methodology for selecting efficient experiments using orthogonal arrays (OAs) and design of experiments (DOE). Process variables include depth of cut (a), spindle speed (n), feed rate (f), and tool diameter (d). The interest is to measure the resulting dynamic cutting forces in the time domain. An ANOVA study for an initial experimental model based on 3-levels OA is presented and discussed. Consequently, several experimental models are selected including 2-levels, 3-levels, 4-levels, and 5-levels OAs aiming to provide larger experimental model that host more variations for significant parameters. A number of preliminary experiments is conducted to validate the used experimental setup. Previous work in the field of metal cutting using analytical and numerical modeling as well as 1 To whom correspondence should be forwarded. Currently, Associate Professor, Operations Research Group, Institute of Statistical Studies & Research, Cairo University, 5 Dr. Ahmed Zeweil Street, Orman, Dokki, Giza, Egypt 12631.
Radiation characteristics of linearly tapered slot antennas

The linearly tapered slot antenna (LTSA) is an endfire radiator formed by a tapered slotline that is usually supported on a thin, low- epsilon /sub r/ substrate. K.S. Yngvesson et al. (1985) have studied the radiation characteristics of LTSAs that are optimized for use in the focal plane of imaging/multiple-beam systems having f/D in the range of 1 to 2. In the present work, the author presents the results of an experimental investigation of the radiation properties of antennas with wider beamwidths. Some data on narrow-beamwidth antennas are included. Particular emphasis is placed on polarization in the intercardinal planes, where high levels of cross-polarization are observed. The study was conducted by fabricating four antennas on 30-mil Duroid ( epsilon /sub r/=2.2). In addition, two antennas were fabricated from 3-mil shim stock and supported by a styrofoam bridge to create antennas with air dielectric. It is concluded that the LTSA has many advantageous characteristics, and it is compatible with printed-circuit feed networks. However, designers should be aware of its polarization properties, which could adversely affect system performance. <<ETX>>
Dialogue Among Survivors of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Abstract Many survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are challenged by physical, psychological, and social complications throughout the months and years post-transplant, as uncovered by many researchers during the past few years. The literature on the use of support groups for improving quality of life has mostly included studies of participants with solid tumor cancers. There is a paucity of literature describing the use of support groups with HCT survivors. The purpose of the present study is to describe the various issues that are discussed by participants in a monthly post-HCT support group. These issues have been described and grouped into themes by the authors. The results can provide a foundation about long-term effects of HCT that future research can investigate more closely, followed by research that can study interventions to assist in improving quality of life of HCT survivors. Recommendations for applying findings to current clinical practice using support groups are identified.