Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of Strawberry Insect and Mite Pests in Greenhouse and Field Crops

Strawberry is an important small fruit crop grown throughout the world due to its rich sources of vitamins and abundance of antioxidants. The US is the world ’ s leading producer of strawberries followed by Mexico. The main strawberry producing states are California followed by Florida, which produce >90% of the strawberries grown in the US. Strawberry production is often threatened by a host of arthropod pests that include insect and mite species. In order for the US to maintain its lead in strawberry production it is vital to develop effective management tools for key insect pests, diseases, and weeds. Some of the major arthropod pests that affect strawberry production include twospotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch, thrips, Frankliniella and Scirtothrips spp. , armyworms, root-boring pests, and many different hemipterans that cause injury to the strawberry leaf and fruit including the tarnished plant bug, Lygus Hesperus , and the seed bug Neopamera bilobata Say. This chapter will summarize some of the key pests that can severely impact strawberry production. We have included some integrated management guidelines to curtail pest ’ s activities during a production season.
Menentukan Critical Clearing Time Pada Multi Mesin Berbasis Critical Trajectory Dan Generator Kritis Dengan Mempertimbangkan Gangguan Unbalanced==========================Determining Critical Clearing Time On Multi Machine Based On Critical Trajectori Dan Critical Generator To Consider Unbalanced Fau

Kestabilan transient memiliki peranan penting dalam sistem tenaga listrik. Pada saat terjadi gangguan, rele pengaman akan terbuka dalam waktu sekitar 0,2 detik. Akan tetapi hal ini tidak menjamin sistem akan kembali pada kondisi steady-state. Hal ini disebabkan adanya waktu pemutus kritis / critical clearing time (cct) pada sistem tenaga listrik. Jika gangguan diputus kurang dari waktu kritisnya/ critical clearing time (cct), maka generator akan kembali stabil. Namun, jika gangguan diputus lebih dari waktu kritisnya/ critical clearing time (cct), maka generator akan berada pada kondisi tidak stabil. Dalam tugas akhir ini akan dihitung critical clearing time (cct) pada banyak generator menggunakan metode energy function untuk menentukan Controlling Unstable Equilibrium Point (CUEP) dengan mempertimbangkan gangguan hubung singkat tidak seimbang. Penelitian selama ini hanya mempertimbangkan hubung singkat tiga fasa ke tanah, sedangkan hubung singkat yang sering terjadi pada sistem adalah hubung singkat tidak seimbang. Metode energy function dapat mengetahui generator mana yang mempunyai energi terbesar yang dijadikan generator kritis, nilai dari generator kritis ini yang dapat mencapai nilai critical point. Selain itu, metode ini merupakan metode perhitungan prediksi yang cepat, selisih waktu perhitungan dengan metode klasik Time Domain Simulation mencapai 116,137 detik untuk sistem 3 generator 9 bus Fouad Anderson. ============================================================ Transient stability analysis has an important role in the operation of the power system. For example during the interuption, the safety relay will work to open the breaker in less than 0.2 second. However, this doesn’t guarantee the system will return to steady state conditions. This was caused by the critical clearing time (cct) of breaker on the electric power system. If fault was eliminated before critical clearing time (cct), generator will be stabilized. But, if fault was eliminated after critical clearing time (cct), generator will return unstable. In this final task will be counted the critical clearing time (cct) in multi machine using energy function to determined CUEP (Controlling Unstable Equilibrium Point) by considering the unbalanced fault. During this study about transient stability only consider the symmetrical fault, in real power system unsymmetrical fault is more often than symmetrical fault. Energy Function method can see the greatest energy and it be the critical generator which reach the critical point. Furthermore, this method is fast prediction method, difference between Time Domain Simulation and this method about 116.137 seconds for Fouad Anderson system.
Ghost Loads: Side-Effect Free Speculative Memory Accesses

Modern, high-performance processors rely on speculative execution to fully utilize available hardware resources. While speculative execution is designed such that side-effects do not affect the correct execution of the applications running on the system, speculation is not completely side-effect free. Specifically, not only are the microarchitectural state of the processor and the memory system modified during speculative execution, but their state is also not reverted to their original state upon a mis-speculation. This can lead to a number of security problems that can be broadly described as speculative side-channel attacks, such as the infamous Spectre, Meltdown, and their variants [1, 2]. The purpose of this work is to hide all observable side-effects of speculation in the memory system. We do not focus on any specific known attacks, not only because there are specialized solutions for most of them, but more importantly, because further attacks are bound to appear in the future. Instead, we aim to eliminate the exploitation of speculation side-effects as a side-channel for attacks, without suffering a debilitating performance loss. To achieve this, we propose a mechanism called "Ghost Loads", which are loads that do not update, to the degree possible, any of the state of the memory system. We only focus on loads since stores are kept hidden by default and any remaining types of memory accesses are rare and do not cause any significant performance loss if executed non-speculatively.
Endemik Cousinia iconica Hub.-Mor. (Seks. Cousinia / Asteraceae) / Çatal Kızan Türünün Mikromorfolojik, Palinolojik ve Anatomik Özellikleri

Cousinia iconica Hub. -Mor. , ( Catal kizan ) Cousinia seksiyonu icerisinde yer alan Turkiye icin endemik bir turdur. C. iconica turunun mikromorfolojik, palinolojik ve anatomik ozellikleri incelenerek hazirlanan bu cali s ma, cinsin sistemati g ine katki sa g lamak amaciyla yapilmi s tir. C. iconica turunun anatomik cali s malarinda govde, yaprak ve orta damar enine kesitleri alinarak, Fast-green ve safranin boyama metodu kullanilmi s ve ornekler sabit preparat haline getirildikten sonra foto g raflari cekilmi s tir. Turun Anatomik ozellikleri incelendi g inde korteks tabakasi sayisi, orta damar s ekli ve iletim demeti sayisinin onemli oldu g u gorulmu s tur. I s ik mikroskobu altinda polen foto g raflari cekilip ekzin, intin, kolpus ve P/E olcumleri yapilmi s tir. Polen yuzey ornamentasyonu icin SEM mikroskobu kullanilmi s ve turun polen yuzey ornamentasyonu verrrukoz-perforat olarak tespit edilmi s tir.
Streamlining Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Author(s): Huszagh, Alex Scott | Advisor(s): Huang, Lan | Abstract: Cross-linking mass spectrometry maps the structural topology of protein complexes by usingthe distance between linked residues as spatial constraints, complementing other structuralbiology techniques. However, the identification of cross-linked peptides scales poorly with thenumber of proteins analyzed. Our lab has previously developed MS-cleavable cross-linkers toenable the separation of cross-linked peptides prior to sequencing, enabling peptide identifica-tion using standard peptide search databases. We describe the design and implementation ofplatform and application named XLTools for the automated identification of MS-cleavablecross-linked peptides. XLTools supports open and proprietary data formats and commonpeptide search databases, facilitating its integration into existing workflows. Furthermore,we developed peak-picking and validation algorithms to enable the accurate quantitation ofcross-linked peptides in complex samples. We demonstrate the application of XLTools tothe quantitative analysis of the 26S proteasome cross-linked in vivo and in vitro.
Elicitation: A biotechnological tool for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in hairy root cultures

Elicitation is a possible aid to overcome various difficulties associated with the large‐scale production of most commercially important bioactive secondary metabolites from wild and cultivated plants, undifferentiated or differentiated cultures. Secondary metabolite accumulation in vitro or their efflux in culture medium has been elicited in the undifferentiated or differentiated tissue cultures of several plant species by the application of a low concentration of biotic and abiotic elicitors in the last three decades. Hairy root cultures are preferred for the application of elicitation due to their genetic and biosynthetic stability, high growth rate in growth regulator‐free media, and production consistence in response to elicitor treatment. Elicitors act as signal, recognized by elicitor‐specific receptors on the plant cell membrane and stimulate defense responses during elicitation resulting in increased synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Optimization of various parameters, such as elicitor type, concentration, duration of exposure, and treatment schedule is essential for the effectiveness of the elicitation strategies. Combined application of different elicitors, integration of precursor feeding, or replenishment of medium or in situ product recovery from the roots/liquid medium with the elicitor treatment have showed improved accumulation of secondary metabolites due to their synergistic effect. This is a comprehensive review about the progress in the elicitation approach to hairy root cultures from 2010 to 2019 and the information provided is valuable and will be of interest for scientists working in this area of plant biotechnology.
Radical-Locator Polynomials and Row-Echelon Partial Syndrome Matrices With Applications to Decoding Cyclic Codes

Partial syndrome matrices and weak-locator polynomials have received considerable attention in recent years due to their applications in decoding cyclic codes. The technical contribution of this paper is threefold: 1) cyclic codes can be decoded by the newly proposed partial syndrome matrices, which generalize the previously known results on the determination of error positions; 2) a new type of polynomial associated with error locations, called radical-locator polynomial, is defined, which includes the weak-locator polynomial as a special case; and 3) a novel class of matrices with many zero entries, called row-echelon partial syndrome matrices, is presented, based on the Newton identities, for efficiently decoding cyclic codes. It is also shown that the radical-locator polynomials can be obtained from the determinants of the above-mentioned (row-echelon) partial syndrome matrices.
Aquatic–terrestrial linkages as complex systems: Insights and advances from network models

Ecosystems at the land–water interface are linked through networks of species interactions and are excellent examples of complex adaptive systems. Here, we discuss how ecological networks can enhance current understanding of aquatic–terrestrial linkages by describing and quantifying the complexity of aquatic–terrestrial food webs. Aquatic–terrestrial networks demonstrate links across biological levels of organization, integrate both direct and indirect interactions, and can be used to predict ecosystem responses to perturbations. We provide 2 examples of river–riparian ecological networks across urban-rural land-use gradients to show how network approaches can be used for conservation, management, and monitoring. For instance, when we simulated the removal of sensitive emerging insect taxa, we observed the greatest change in compartmentalization, or in this case, the degree to which the network contained discrete aquatic and terrestrial sub-webs, in forested and agricultural stream reaches compared with urban reaches. Similarly, we illustrate how shifts in diets of insectivorous fishes (i.e., node behavior) from both terrestrial and aquatic prey to either terrestrial or aquatic insect prey can result in reduced frequency of trophic interactions (complexity) and fewer interacting taxa (compartmentalization). Both examples point to potential signs of destabilizing ecosystems or regimes shifts (i.e., persistent changes in the structure of function of river–riparian ecosystems). Thus, these network approaches can help identify environmental problems and inform their management solutions. However, constructing aquatic–terrestrial networks and simulations requires high-resolution monitoring data from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
Dietary supplementation with Punica and Physalis attenuates the deleterious effects of fenitrothion in rats.

Exposure to pesticides may result in several health hazards including liver impairment which might be followed by impairment of brain functions or renal functions. The current study was designed to test the beneficial effects of dietary supplement with Physalis peruviana and Punica granatum against toxicity induced by fenitrothion. The toxic effect of fenitrothion, 10 mg/kg/day, orally for 28 day) on liver, brain and kidney functions and the prophylactic effect of daily Physalis (15 % of diet) and Punica (3 ml/kg) for 42 days starting 14 days before fenitrothion were investigated. Fenitrothion caused early impairment in liver functions accompanied by alteration in serum lipid profile and electrolyte level. Fenitrothion caused an elevation in liver ammonia then serum ammonia then brain ammonia. Both brain and kidney functions were impaired later. Fenitrothion caused a state of oxidative stress in liver, brain and kidney. Prophylaxis with Physalis, Punica or the standard hepatoprotective drug, silymarin largely ameliorated these deleterious effects which might be attributed to their antioxidant properties. These results suggest that Physalis and Punica might be future candidates for use in the treatment of toxicity by pesticides and further research is required to identify the active ingredients responsible for these protective actions.
Immature gannets follow adults in commuting flocks providing a potential mechanism for social learning

Group travel is a familiar phenomenon among birds but the causes of this mode of movement are often unclear. For example, flocking flight may reduce flight costs, enhance predator avoidance or increase foraging efficiency. In addition, naive individuals may also follow older, more experienced conspecifics as a learning strategy. However, younger birds may be slower than adults so biomechanical and social effects on flock structure may be difficult to separate. Gannets are wide-ranging (100s-1000s km) colonial seabirds that often travel in V or echelon-shaped flocks. Tracking suggests that breeding gannets use memory to return repeatedly to prey patches 10s–100s km wide but it is unclear how these are initially discovered. Public information gained at the colony or by following conspecifics has been hypothesised to play a role, especially during early life. Here, we address two hypotheses: (1) Flocking reduces flight costs and (2) young gannets follow older ones in order to locate prey. To do so, we recorded flocks of northern gannets commuting to and from a large colony and passing locations offshore and used a biomechanical model to test for age differences in flight speeds. Consistent with the aerodynamic hypothesis, returning flocks were significantly larger than departing flocks, while, consistent with the information gathering hypothesis, immatures travelled in flocks more frequently than adults and these flocks were more likely to be led by adults than expected by chance. Immatures did not systematically occupy the last position in flocks and had similar theoretical airspeeds to adults, making it unlikely that they follow, rather than lead, for biomechanical reasons. We therefore conclude that while gannets are likely to travel in flocks in part to reduce flight costs, the positions of immatures in those flocks may result in a flow of information from adults to immatures, potentially resulting in social learning.
Studies on the mechanism of gene-regulated synthesis of diphosphopyridine nucleotide- and triphosphopyridine nucleotide-specific glutamate dehydrogenase isozymes during the cell cycle of the eucaryote Chlorella

Two glutamate dehydrogenase isozymes were shown to exist in Chlorella pyrenoidosa (strain 7-11-05) and the cellular level of these isozymes was regulated by the nitrogen source upon which the algae were cultured. One isozyme was induced by ammonium and was specific for the coenzyme, triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPNH). The isozyme present in cells cultured in nitrate-containing medium has a much higher specificity for the coenzyme, diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH). The TPNH:DPNH activity ratios for the respective isozymes were 33:1 and 1:5 and their respective molecular weights were calculated to be 269,000 and 179,000. The DPNH-specific isozyme was synthesized throughout most of the cell cycle of light-dark synchronized cells. The level of the TPNHspecific isozyrne appeared to be negigible in the nitrate-cultured cells. The induction of the TPNH-specific isozyme was dependent on both RNA and protein synthesis and the isozyme was inducible at all times during the cell cycle. The maximum rate of induction or the potential increased during the period of DNA synthesis and the fold increase in potential and in DNA were equivalent. This data supports the continuous availability for transcription of the gene for this isozyme in the eucaryote Chlorella and is consistent with the hypothesis that, under fully induced conditions, the gene dosage of the cell governs the potential.
Mitigating Interference with Knowledge-Aided Subarray Pattern Synthesis and Space Time Adaptive Processing

Phased arrays are essential to airborne ground moving target indication (GMTI), as they measure the spatial angle-of-arrival of the target, clutter, and interference signals. The spatial and Doppler (temporal) frequency is utilized by space-time adaptive processing (STAP) to separate and filter out the interference from the moving target returns. Achieving acceptable airborne GMTI performance often requires fairly large arrays, but the size, weight and power (SWAP) requirements, cost and complexity considerations often result in the use of subarrays. This yields an acceptable balance between cost and performance while lowering the system’s robustness to interference. This thesis proposes the use of knowledge aided adaptive radar to institute adaptive subarray nulling in concert with digital space-time adaptive processing to improve performance in the presence of substantial interference. This research expands previous work which analyzed a clutter-free airborne moving-target indication (AMTI) application of knowledge-aided subarray pattern synthesis (KASPS) [1] and updates this previous research by applying the same concept to the GMTI application with clutter and STAP.
Distinctive tasks of different cyanobacteria and associated bacteria in carbon as well as nitrogen fixation and cycling in a late stage Baltic Sea bloom

Cyanobacteria and associated heterotrophic bacteria hold key roles in carbon as well as nitrogen fixation and cycling in the Baltic Sea due to massive cyanobacterial blooms each summer. The species specific activities of different cyanobacterial species as well as the N- and C-exchange of associated heterotrophic bacteria in these processes, however, are widely unknown. Within one time series experiment we tested the cycling in a natural, late stage cyanobacterial bloom by adding 13C bi-carbonate and 15N2, and performed sampling after 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 6 h and 24 h in order to determine the fixing species as well as the fate of the fixed carbon and nitrogen in the associations. Uptake of 15N and 13C isotopes by the most abundant cyanobacterial species as well as the most abundant associated heterotrophic bacterial groups was then analysed with a NanoSIMS. Overall, the filamentous, heterocystous species Dolichospermum sp. , Nodularia sp. , and Aphanizomenon sp. revealed no or erratic uptake of carbon and nitrogen, indicating mostly inactive cells. In contrary, non-heterocystous Pseudanabaena sp. dominated the nitrogen and carbon fixation, with uptake rates up to 1.49 ± 0.47 nmol N h-1 l-1 and 2.55 ± 0.91 nmol C h-1 l-1. Associated heterotrophic bacteria dominated the subsequent nitrogen cycling with uptake rates up to 1.2 ± 1.93 fmol N h-1 cell -1, but were also indicative for fixation of di-nitrogen.
CSAG1 maintains the integrity of the mitotic centrosome in cells with defective p53

ABSTRACT Centrosomes focus microtubules to promote mitotic spindle bipolarity, a critical requirement for balanced chromosome segregation. Comprehensive understanding of centrosome function and regulation requires a complete inventory of components. While many centrosome components have been identified, others yet remain undiscovered. We have used a bioinformatics approach, based on ‘guilt by association’ expression to identify novel mitotic components among the large group of predicted human proteins that have yet to be functionally characterized. Here, we identify chondrosarcoma-associated gene 1 protein (CSAG1) in maintaining centrosome integrity during mitosis. Depletion of CSAG1 disrupts centrosomes and leads to multipolar spindles, particularly in cells with compromised p53 function. Thus, CSAG1 may reflect a class of ‘mitotic addiction’ genes, whose expression is more essential in transformed cells. Summary: CSAG1, a novel regulator of mitosis that constrains the pericentriolar material to prevent spindle pole fragmentation, particularly, in cells that lack p53 function.
Estimação automática de espessura de gordura subcutânea bovina em imagens ultrassonográficas utilizando Deep Learning

Em um mundo globalizado, com níveis cada vez mais severos de concorrência, a cadeia produtiva de carne bovina tem buscado gerar produtos que atendam às exigências de qualidade do consumidor final. Neste contexto, uma das abordagens utilizada por esta cadeia é a avaliação da qualidade da carcaça com o objetivo de melhorar as características da carne. A utilização de métodos de avaliação da qualidade da carcaça que impliquem o abate do animal é desvantajosa [1], sendo preferidos os métodos não invasivos aplicados na pré-seleção de animais para o abate [2]. A técnica da ultrassonografia permite a avaliação das características da carcaça por um procedimento não invasivo e não deixa resíduos nocivos na carne dos animais[1]. Dentre as características de carcaça bovina mensuradas por ultrassom podemos analisar a área de olho de lombo (AOL), a espessura de gordura subcutânea (EG) e a espessura de gordura na garupa ou na picanha (EGP8) [3]. Apesar de seus benefícios, há vários anos, têm sido pesquisadas a acurácia das medidas de ultrassom de características de carcaça, tendo sido evidenciada uma grande variabilidade dos resultados, atribuída principalmente aos equipamentos e ao viés da análise do técnico responsável pela atividade [4]. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho visa desenvolver uma abordagem automatizada, baseada em redes neurais convolucionais, para realizar a estimação da espessura de gordura na garupa ou na picanha (EGP8) a partir de imagens ultrassonográficas. As CAI, Congreso Argentino de AgroInformática