Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mott transition of MnO under pressure: A comparison of correlated band theories

The electronic structure, magnetic moment, and volume collapse of MnO under pressure are obtained from four different correlated band theory methods; local density approximation+ Hubbard U LDA+U, pseudopotential self-interaction correction pseudo-SIC, the hybrid functional combined local exchange plus Hartree-Fock exchange, and the local spin density SIC SIC-LSD method. Each method treats correlation among the five Mn 3d orbitals per spin, including their hybridization with three O 2p orbitals in the valence bands and their changes with pressure. The focus is on comparison of the methods for rocksalt MnO neglecting the observed transition to the NiAs structure in the 90– 100 GPa range. Each method predicts a first-order volume collapse, but with variation in the predicted volume and critical pressure. Accompanying the volume collapse is a moment collapse, which for all methods is from high-spin to low-spin 5 → 1 , not to nonmagnetic as the simplest scenario would have. The specific manner in which the transition occurs varies considerably among the methods: pseudo-SIC and SIC-LSD give insulator-to-metal, while LDA+U gives insulator-toinsulator and the hybrid method gives an insulator-to-semimetal transition. Projected densities of states above and below the transition are presented for each of the methods and used to analyze the character of each transition. In some cases the rhombohedral symmetry of the antiferromagnetically ordered phase clearly influences the character of the transition.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF STREPTOCOCCUS FAECALIS

McCoy and Snyder (1950) reported a method of analysis for five of the B vitamins using Streptococcus faecalis (strain ATCC 6057). This organism was reported by Gunsalus and Umbreit (1945) to have the ability to oxidize glycerol. Since this particular strain showed an excellent potentiality for analysis of extremely minute amounts of physiologically active compounds, the amino acid requirements of S. faecax8 under specific conditions of growth were investigated.
Density Matrices and Their Time Evolution

Already in the case of finite dimensional Hilbert spaces the general form of density matrices ρ is not known. The main reason for this lack of knowledge is the nonlinear constraint for these matrices. We propose a representation of density matrices on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces in terms of finitely many independent parameters. For dimensions 2, 3, and 4 we write down this representation explicitly. As a further application of this representation we study the time dependence of density matrices ρ(t) which in our case is implemented through time dependence of the independent parameters. Under obvious differentiability assumptions the explicit form of is determined. As a special case we recover, for instance, the Lindblad form.
IGZO TFT-Based All-Enhancement Operational Amplifier Bent to a Radius of 5 mm

An all-enhancement operational amplifier operating at 5 V and comprising 16 n-type amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) is fabricated on a 50 μm thick flexible polyimide substrate. The operational amplifier has an open loop voltage gain of 18.7 dB and a unity-gain frequency of 472 kHz while the common-mode rejection ratio (CMMR) is larger than 40 dB. The mechanical flexibility of the amplifier is demonstrated by bending the circuit to a radius of 5 mm, which corresponds to a tensile strain of 0.5% parallel to the TFT channels. The bent amplifier shows the same output behavior as when flat. The power consumption of the operational amplifier is 900 μW, regardless whether the circuit is flat or bent.
Synthesis and Applications of Chemical Probes for Human O6‐Alkylguanine‐DNA Alkyltransferase

The design and synthesis of chem. probes to study and to elucidate complex biol. problems is becoming an increasingly important field in chem. We are interested in the repair of O6-alkylated guanines in DNA, a DNA lesion that results from alkylation by S-adenosylmethionine or exogenous toxins and which has been shown to be highly mutagenic and carcinogenic. The DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT; EC 2.1.1.63) reverses this alkylation by transferring the alkyl group to a reactive cysteine residue in the protein, leading to repaired DNA and an irreversibly alkylated protein. The expression level of human AGT (hAGT) in tumor cells is also crucial for their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents that alkylate DNA, such as 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and temozolomide. Consequently, hAGT has become a target in cancer chemotherapy, as its inhibition would increase the efficiency of currently used DNA-alkylating drugs. A simple and reliable assay to measure the activity of hAGT in cell exts. would be of great importance for research on the role of hAGT in the chemotherapy of tumors, as currently used assays rely on radioactively labeled substrates and a subsequent HPLC sepn. We describe here the synthesis of oligonucleotides contg. O6-alkylated guanine derivs. of the type 1 and 2 that serve as affinity labels for hAGT and their use in a highly specific assay for this alkyltransferase. In addn. , we introduce a novel system for the directed mol. evolution of hAGT, which relies on the display of active hAGT on phage l and on oligonucleotides contg. O6-alkylated guanine derivs. of the type 1 and 2. [on SciFinder (R)]
The Apolipoprotein E-dependent Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesteryl Ester Selective Uptake Pathway in Murine Adrenocortical Cells Involves Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans and an α2-Macroglobulin Receptor*

Cells acquire lipoprotein cholesterol by receptor-mediated endocytosis and selective uptake pathways. In the latter case, lipoprotein cholesteryl ester (CE) is transferred to the plasma membrane without endocytosis and degradation of the lipoprotein particle. Previous studies with Y1/E/tet/2/3 murine adrenocortical cells that were engineered to express apolipoprotein (apo) E demonstrated that apoE expression enhances low density lipoprotein (LDL) CE uptake by both selective and endocytic pathways. The present experiments test the hypothesis that apoE-dependent LDL CE selective uptake is mediated by scavenger receptor, class B, type I (SR-BI). Surprisingly, SR-BI expression was not detected in the Y1/E/tet/2/3 clone of Y1 adrenocortical cells, indicating the presence of a distinct apoE-dependent pathway for LDL CE selective uptake. ApoE-dependent LDL CE selective uptake in Y1/E/tet/2/3 cells was inhibited by receptor-associated protein and by activated α2-macroglobulin (α2M), suggesting the participation of the LDL receptor-related protein/α2M receptor. Reagents that inhibited proteoglycan synthesis or removed cell surface chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan completely blocked apoE-dependent LDL CE selective uptake. None of these reagents inhibited SR-BI-mediated LDL CE selective uptake in the Y1-BS1 clone of Y1 cells in which LDL CE selective uptake is mediated by SR-BI. We conclude that LDL CE selective uptake in adrenocortical cells occurs via SR-BI-independent and SR-BI-dependent pathways. The SR-BI-independent pathway is an apoE-dependent process that involves both chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and an α2M receptor.
Slow Clearance of Norovirus following Infection with Emerging Variants of Genotype GII.4 Strains

ABSTRACT The emergence of new norovirus genotype GII.4 strains is associated with widespread norovirus epidemics. Extended periods of viral shedding can contribute to the epidemic potential of norovirus. To describe the duration of viral shedding in infections with novel emerging GII.4 strains versus infections with previously circulating strains, we performed a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with norovirus gastroenteritis during separate winter seasons. Rectal swab samples were obtained at the time of inclusion and weekly during follow-ups. The subgenotype strain was determined from capsid sequences. The outcome was defined by the detection of virus for >14 days (slow clearance) or by the detection of negative samples within 14 days (rapid clearance). Two major epidemic GII.4 strains emerged during the study period, GII.4 New Orleans 2009, in 2010, and GII.4 Sydney 2012, in 2012. From these two seasons, sequences were available from 24 cases where the duration of shedding could be determined. The median age of the patients was 83 years and 50% were women. The majority of patients were infected with virus that clustered with the respective season's epidemic strain (n = 19), whereas 5 patients had previously circulating strains (3 were Den Haag 2006b, in 2010, and 2 were New Orleans 2009, in 2012). Among the patients infected with an epidemic strain, the proportion who shed virus for >14 days was significantly higher (16/19 [84%] versus 1/5 [20%], P = 0.01). In summary, a slow clearance of norovirus from stool was more common in infections with novel epidemic GII.4 strains. This suggests that the average duration of shedding may be longer during seasons when new GII.4 strains have emerged.
Pre-enrichment of modified low density lipoproteins with alpha-tocopherol mitigates adverse effects on cultured retinal capillary cells.

PURPOSE We determined whether pre-enrichment of low density lipoproteins (LDL) with alpha-tocopherol mitigates their adverse effects, following in vitro glycation, oxidation or glycoxidation, towards cultured bovine retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCEC) and pericytes. METHODS LDL, while still in plasma obtained and pooled from non-diabetic humans, was supplemented in vitro with alpha-tocopherol. It was then isolated and modified in vitro by glycation, minimal oxidation, and glycoxidation. Bovine RCEC and pericytes were exposed to LDL (100mg protein/ ml) for three days. Cell count was determined by cell counting, supernatant levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) by ELISA, and nitrite levels by spectroscopic colorimetric assay. RESULTS While pre-enrichment of LDL with alpha-tocopherol did not reduce the measured extent of lipoprotein modification, it abolished the reduction in cell count observed with glycated, oxidized and glycoxidized LDL v. normal LDL. Pre-enrichment of LDL with alpha-tocopherol also reduced RCEC supernatant PAI-1 and ET-1 (corrected for cell counts) and increased RCEC and pericyte-associated supernatant nitrite levels: such effects of alpha-tocopherol may inhibit clot formation and favor vasodilatation. CONCLUSIONS Enrichment of LDL with alpha-tocopherol abolishes adverse effects of glycated, mildly oxidized, and glycoxidized LDL on cultured retinal cell count, and mitigates adverse effects on modulators of fibrinolysis and vascular tone. Direct evidence is required before Vitamin E supplementation is recommended for people with diabetes.
Real time hardware implementation of a new Duffing's chaotic attractor

This paper proposes a new approach for real time FPGA implementation of a new chaotic generator characterized by a new three-scroll chaotic attractor. The originality of this chaotic generator is that is obtained with some bifurcation parameters of Duffing's chaotic oscillator. Our new chaotic attractor shows the richness chaotic behavior of the Duffing's oscillator. In addition, its hardware implementation using Virtex Xilinx FPGA technology is particularly attractive since it provides good performances in terms of throughput and resources cost required. This particularity allows lowing power consumption especially for embedded applications.
Detection, resolution, and nomenclature of multiple ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterases from bovine calf thymus.

In vivo, ubiquitin exists both free and conjugated through its carboxyl terminus to the alpha- and epsilon-amino groups of a wide variety of cellular proteins. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolytic activity is likely a necessary step in the regeneration of the ubiquitin cofactor from ubiquitin-protein conjugates. In addition, this type of activity is required to generate the active, monomeric ubiquitin from the only known gene products: the polyprotein precursor and various ubiquitin fusion proteins. Thus, this activity is of vital importance to systems that utilize ubiquitin as a cofactor. A generic substrate, ubiquitin ethyl ester, was previously developed [Wilkinson, K. D. , Cox, M. J., Mayer, A. N. , & Frey, T. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 6644-6649] and utilized here to monitor the fractionation of these activities from calf thymus. By use of a rapid HPLC assay, four distinct, ubiquitin-specific esterases were identified and separated. A previously undescribed activity has been resolved and characterized, in addition to the bovine homologue of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase purified from rabbit reticulocytes. Two other activities resemble deconjugating activities previously detected in crude extracts but not previously purified. These activities appear to form a family of mechanistically related hydrolases. All four activities are inhibited by iodoacetamide, indicating the presence of an essential thiol group, and are inhibited to various extents by manganese. All have specific ubiquitin binding sites as judged by the low observed Km values (0.6-30 microM). The carboxyl-terminal aldehyde of ubiquitin is a potent inhibitor of these enzyme activities, with Ki values approximately 1000-fold lower than the respective Km values. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Onset Detection in Surface Electromyographic Signals: A Systematic Comparison of Methods

Various methods to determine the onset of the electromyographic activity which occurs in response to a stimulus have been discussed in the literature over the last decade. Due to the stochastic characteristic of the surface electromyogram (SEMG), onset detection is a challenging task, especially in weak SEMG responses. The performance of the onset detection methods were tested, mostly by comparing their automated onset estimations to the manually determined onsets found by well-trained SEMG examiners. But a systematic comparison between methods, which reveals the benefits and the drawbacks of each method compared to the other ones and shows the specific dependence of the detection accuracy on signal parameters, is still lacking. In this paper, several classical threshold-based approaches as well as some statistically optimized algorithms were tested on large samples of simulated SEMG data with well-known signal parameters. Rating between methods is performed by comparing their performance to that of a statistically optimal maximum likelihood estimator which serves as reference method. In addition, performance was evaluated on real SEMG data obtained in a reaction time experiment. Results indicate that detection behavior strongly depends on SEMG parameters, such as onset rise time, signal-to-noise ratio or background activity level. It is shown that some of the threshold-based signal-power-estimation procedures are very sensitive to signal parameters, whereas statistically optimized algorithms are generally more robust.
Influence of magnetic wedges on the load performance of axial flux permanent magnet machines

Aim of the paper is to evaluate a particular aspect of the design of axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines, i.e. the use of SMC wedges to close stator slots. This contribution is the continuation of a previous investigation dedicated to the analysis of the no-load performance variation introduced by the magnetic wedges. Here, attention is focused on the load performance, by studying the effect of the wedges on d-q axis stator flux linkages, torque production and losses. 2D finite element analyses (FEA) are performed on a 10 kW AFPM machine adopting various magnetic wedge configurations; the load performance is compared with that of the same machine using non-magnetic wedges in terms of stator flux linkage, average and ripple torque and rated load losses.
Cardiac metastasis revealed by ischaemic stroke: interest of multimodal imaging.

A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our institution for an ischaemic stroke. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed and revealed a mass developed at the expense of the anterior wall of the left ventricle ( Figure 1A ). Endocardial border and intracardiac mass delimitation was appreciated by contrast-enhanced echocardiography (SonoVue) ( Figure 1B ). Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) confirmed a mass with irregular outlines and a mobile and filiform intra-ventricular element ( Figure …
High-level modeling of switching activity with application to low-power DSP system synthesis

We address the issue of high-level synthesis of low-power digital signal processing (DSP) systems by proposing switching activity models. In particular, we present a technology independent hierarchical scheme to compare relative power performance of two competing DSP systems. The basic building blocks considered for such system are a full-adder and a one-bit delay. Estimates of switching activity at the output of these building blocks is used to model the activity in different architectural primitives used for building DSP systems. This method is very fast and simple and simulations show accuracy within 4% of extensive bit-level simulations. Therefore, it can easily be integrated into current communications/DSP CAD tools for low-power applications. The models show that the choice of multiplier/multiplicand is important when using array multipliers in a data-path. If the input signal with smaller variance is chosen as the as the multiplicand, up to 20% savings in switching activity can be achieved. This observation is verified by analog simulation.
Reviewing strategy matters to gain an understanding of balanced scorecard's possible benefits within lean production contexts: a management control perspective

This paper adopts a systematic literature review method (Tranfield et al., 2003) to analyse features of strategy implementation and deployment that, over the last decade, have influenced theory on lean production (LP) and the balanced scorecard (BSC). The work, firstly, starts with an analysis of the evidences coming from the selected literature on the subjects, framed through the lens of contingency theory of management. Then, it aims at pointing out how the BSC can meet the requirements coming from the process of strategy implementation (and its complexities) within an LP context. The results are portrayed by means of a contingency-based framework that ties together five different shared characteristics. By discussing them, this work aims at furthering the conversation on how to manage and control lean manufacturing organisations through innovative management control systems (MCSs).
Split-Complex Convolutional Neural Networks

Beginning with the seminal work of [1], the last half-decade of artificial intelligence and computer vision has been dominated by the stunning success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In visual recognition, a robust classifier must be able to recognize objects under deformation. One solution that has been proposed for improving invariance under rotation is complex-valued CNNs [2, 3]. While the results for complex-valued CNNs have been intriguing, questions remain open about whether the successes of complex neural networks arises from the link between complex numbers and rotational transformations, the increased complexity of the complex-valued computational graph, or simply the inclusion of additional network parameters.
Selective antagonism of medial prefrontal cortex D4 receptors decreases fear‐related behaviour in rats

It is well known that the mesolimbocortical dopamine pathway is highly active during periods of stress and fear. However, very little research has directly examined how dopamine receptors in this pathway influence fear‐related behaviour. The present study examined the effects of selective antagonism of D4, D1 and D2 dopamine receptors of the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) on rats' fear behaviour in the elevated plus‐maze and the shock‐probe burying tests. The results demonstrated that bilateral intra‐MPFC infusions of the highly selective D4 antagonist, L‐745 870 (0.2, 1 or 10 nmol/0.5 µL), increased the percentage of open‐arm entries and open‐arm time in the elevated plus‐maze test (1 nmol/0.5 µL), and decreased the duration of burying in the shock‐probe test (0.2 or 1 nmol/0.5 µL). Furthermore, none of the doses of the D4 antagonist affected measures of general activity or pain sensitivity. Intra‐MPFC infusions of the D1 antagonist, SCH‐23390 (0.2 or 1 nmol/0.5 µL), or the D2 antagonist, remoxipride (0.2, 1 or 10 nmol/0.5 µL), had no significant behavioural effects in either test. Taken together, these findings suggest that MPFC D4 receptors may play an important role in the mediation of fear‐related behaviour.
Babesia leo N. Sp. from Lions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, and Its Relation to Other Small Piroplasms

Babesia leo, a small piroplasm isolated from lions in South Africa is described as a distinct species based on a phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. Intraerythrocytic trophozoite and merozoite stages of B. leo are morphologically indistinguishable from other small piroplasms of felids. Previous studies showed that B. leo was biologically and antigenically distinct from B. felis, which is known to infect wild and domestic felids in South Africa. Molecular characterization showed strong support for the phylogenetic seperation of B. leo as a distinct species from B. felis and other felid piroplasms. Phylogenetic analysis also showed that Babesia microti and all of the felid piroplasms from Africa with known 18S rRNA gene sequences available, including B. leo, formed a single, separate clade, sister to the other babesial and theilerial piroplasm parasites.
Nuevas empresas de base tecnolgica: una revisin de la literatura reciente

En la actualidad, existe unanimidad acerca de la importancia economica de las Nuevas Empresas de Base Tecnologica (NEBTs). A lo largo de este articulo se presentan los principales resultados que pueden encontrarse en la literatura reciente sobre su creacion, las caracteristicas de sus emprendedores, los efectos y condicionantes de sus decisiones de localizacion, asi como el analisis de su crecimiento y supervivencia.
Molecular mechanisms of adhesion, colonization, and invasion of group A streptococci

The initial step in establishing a bacterial infection is adhesion of the organism to the epithelium of the host. Group A streptococci use multiple adhesins to attach to host cells and the types of adhesins expressed by a particular strain will determine its tissue specificity. Expression of adhesins is regulated in response to changing environmental and growth conditions. Thus, the array of adhesins expressed by a group A streptococcus will depend on the complement of its adhesin genes and on the environment. Expression of some adhesins may trigger internalization of the streptococci by host cells, which may enable the streptococci to evade antibiotics and to facilitate the penetration of deeper tissues. In this review, we present the different molecular mechanisms of adhesion utilized by group A streptococci and how these interactions lead to colonization and invasion.