Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anterolateral operations for fractures and dislocations in the middle and lower parts of the cervical spine.

A follow-up study of forty-seven patients treated for traumatic lesions of the cervical spine with and without associated neural deficits is presented. Operation was performed six hours to eight months after injury. The objectives of these procedures were to remove any causes of compression of the cord or nerve roots, especially anterior compression, to reduce the dislocation and kyphosis, and to stabilize the cervical spine by interbody fusion. Preoperative and postoperative care is described as well as the exposure used for different levels of the spine and the three types of bone-grafting procedures that were developed to correct and stabilize the deformities associated with the various fractures and fracture-dislocations encountered. Normal or satisfactory alignment was regained in all but three of the forty-one surviving patients, and solid fusion occurred in the forty-one surviving patients who were followed long enough to determine the results of fusion. There was no evidence that the operation had aggravated any neural deficits, although in two of the six patients who died after acute complete transverse cord lesions it was thought that early operation within twelve hours of injury may have contributed to the fatal outcome. The functional results of operation in terms of relief of neck pain and recovery of cord and nerve-root function were encouraging. The prompt recovery of function of a few patients who had not improved after as long as 3.5 months of non-operative treatment suggested that reduction of the dislocation and correction of the kyphosis, combined with removal of the posteriorly extruded disc material in nine patients, had corrected a vascular insufficiency. It was concluded that anterolateral operations may be harmful for patients with acute complete transverse lesions of the cord but that traumatic abnormalities causing compression of the anterior part of the cord or traction and consequent anterior pressure on the cord (the result of angulation of the cervical spine) can be eliminated or corrected under direct vision in a way not possible by laminectomy. It was further concluded that fusion is easily effected through the anterolateral approach, whereas after laminectomy posterior fusion may be difficult or impossible.
The dangerous liaison between iNKT cells and dendritic cells: Does it prevent or promote autoimmune diseases?

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells represent an important regulatory T-cell subset that perceives signals of danger and/or cellular distress and modulate the adaptive immune response accordingly. In the presence of pathogens, iNKT cells acquire an adjuvant function that is fundamental to boost anti-microbial and anti-tumor immunity. At the same time, iNKT cells can play a negative regulatory function to maintain peripheral T-cell tolerance toward self-antigens and to prevent autoimmune disease. Both these effects of iNKT cells involve the modulation of the activity of dendritic cells (DCs) through cell–cell interaction. Indeed, iNKT cells can either boost Th1 immunity by enhancing maturation of pro-inflammatory DCs or promote immune tolerance through the maturation of tolerogenic DCs. This dual action of iNKT cells opens questions on the modalities by which a single-cell subset can exert opposite effects on DCs and may even put in question the overall immunosuppressive properties of iNKT cells. This review presents the large body of evidence that shows the ability of iNKT cells to negatively regulate autoimmunity and to prevent autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition, an update is provided on the mechanisms of iNKT–DCs interactions and how this can result in inflammatory or tolerogenic responses.
Noradrenergic Signaling in the Amygdala Contributes to the Reconsolidation of Fear Memory

Abstract: Intrusive memories resulting from an emotional trauma are a defining feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Existing studies demonstrate that an increase of noradrenergic activity during a life‐threatening event contributes to strengthening or “overconsolidation” of the memory for trauma. The lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) is critical for fear learning. Using classical fear conditioning in rats, we have recently demonstrated that noradrenergic blockade in the LA following reactivation of fear memory by retrieval disrupts memory reconsolidation and lastingly impairs fear memory. This suggests that noradrenergic blockade may be useful in attenuating traumatic memories, even well‐consolidated old memories, in PTSD.
Tuberous sclerosis, a neurocutaneous syndrome; report of a case.

Tuberous sclerosis is a rare disease of protean manifestations, involving primarily the skin and nervous system. It is one of the congenital ectodermoses (neurocutaneous syndromes), among which are von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, angiomatosis cerebri, and von Hippel-Lindau's disease. As this group has a common origin in the ectoblast, it is not unusual to find some overlapping of these entities. The following case is reported to show the occurrence of skin and osseous lesions such as are found in neurofibromatosis in a case of tuberous sclerosis. Case Report O. L. L. , a 38-year-old white veteran, entered the hospital in February 1949 for repair of a left inguinal hernia. Due to a history of chronic sinusitis, an x-ray study of the sinuses was undertaken. The unusual appearance of the cranial vault on these films led to further studies. The patient had only meager recollections of his childhood, and the family history was not significant. He had not entered school until he was eight years old, beca.
Do plasma norepinephrine levels reflect behavioral stress?

&NA; The interpretation of plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels is not straightforward because such levels represent a complex of synaptic discharge, metabolism, uptake, and regional blood flow. Some investigators have argued that peripheral NE levels bear little semblance to sympathetic nervous system activity affecting the cardiovascular system. This study examines this question in further detail. Eleven men (average age = 29) were studied. Plasma NE levels were obtained through continuous blood withdrawal from an antecubital vein, and simultaneous blood pressures were also monitored. Each subject was studied during four 4‐min intervals of rest and during four 4‐min intervals of a psychiatric stress interview. The interview was a friendly, intense discussion about upsetting situations the subject faced. The interview was a powerful and consistent tool for evoking physiologic responses. It led to an 83% increase in NE levels across all time intervals (p less than 0.001). During these same intervals, systolic pressure increased by 16 mm (p less than 0.0003) and diastolic by 13 mm (p less than 0.0001); furthermore, systolic and diastolic pressures were correlated with peripheral NE levels. This implies that the increased peripheral NE level was not merely a local phenomenon but reflected a signal affecting the entire vascular system.
MARLENE AND JOAN’S STRUGGLEAGAINST PATRIARCHAL SOCIETYIN THE CARYL CHURCHILL’S PLAYTOP GIRLS

Esei ini menganalisis tentang perjuangan Marlene dan Joan melawan masyarakat patriarki dalam drama Top Girls karya Caryl Churchill (1982). Tujuan dari esei ini adalah menjelaskan dan menganalisis unsur-unsur intrinsik dan ekstrinsik pada cerita tersebut. Unsur-unsur intrinsik yang dianalisis meliputi karakter, latar, dan konflik, sementara pada unsur ekstrinsik penulis menggunakan teori feminisme dari Bell Hooks (1984). Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis cerita pada drama tersebut adalah penelitian pustaka dan pendekatan sosial. Metode penelitian pustaka digunakan penulis dalam memperoleh sumber dari buku-buku terkait di perpustakaan dan berbagai rujukan lainnya melalui internet, sementara pendekatan sosial digunakan penulis untuk menganalisis objek penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Marlene dan Joan harus berusaha untuk mendapatkan kedudukan sosial yang setara dengan laki-laki. Meskipun perjuangan mereka untuk mendapatkan kesetaraan tersebut tidaklah mudah, namun pada akhirnya mereka berhasil memperoleh hak yang sama dengan laki-laki di masing-masing bidang yang mereka perjuangkan. Marlene sukses meraih jabatan sebagai direktur utama di tempat kerjanya, Top Girls Employment Agency, yang pada umumnya dikuasai oleh kaum laki-laki; sementara Joan berhasil meraih kesetaraan hak dengan laki-laki dalam hal pendidikan.
Effect of resistance training on resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective To assess the influence of resistance training on resting blood pressure in healthy sedentary adults. Methods A comprehensive literature search with the MEDLINE computerized database was conducted and reference lists of published articles and reviews on the topic were checked. Inclusion criteria were as follows: the study involved a randomized, controlled trial; resistance training was the sole intervention; participants were sedentary normotensive and/or hypertensive adults with no other concomitant disease; the article was published in a peer-reviewed journal up to December 2003. We identified nine randomized controlled trials, involving 12 study groups and 341 participants. A standard protocol was used to extract information on sample size, participant characteristics, study design, training method and duration, and study outcomes. Pooled blood pressure estimates were obtained, weighted by either the number of participants in the training group or the inverse of the variance for blood pressure change. Results The weighted net changes of blood pressure, after adjustment for control observations, averaged −3.2 [95% confidence limits (CL) −7.1 to +0.7]/−3.5 (95% CL −6.1 to −0.9) mmHg when weighted for the number of trained participants, and −6.0 (95% CL −10.4 to −1.6)/ −4.7 (95% CL −8.1 to −1.4) mmHg, when weighted by the reciprocal of the variance for the blood pressure change. Conclusions Our results suggest that moderate intensity resistance training is not contraindicated and could become part of the non-pharmacological intervention strategy to prevent and combat high blood pressure. However, additional studies are needed, especially in the hypertensive population.
EAI Endorsed Transactions on Context-aware Systems and Applications

Although LDA has many successes in dimensionality reduction and data separation, it also has disadvantages, especially the small sample size problem in training data because the "within-class scatter" matrix may not be accurately estimated. Moreover, this algorithm can only operate correctly with labeled data in supervised learning. In practice, data collection is very huge and labeling data requires high-cost, thus the combination of a part of labeled data and unlabeled data for this algorithm in Manifold subspace is a novelty research. This paper reports a study that propose a semi-supervised method called DSLM, which aims at overcoming all these limitations. The proposed method ensures that the discriminative information of labeled data and the intrinsic geometric structure of data are mapped to new optimal subspace. Results are obtained from the experiments and compared to several related methods showing the effectiveness of our proposed method.
To mathematical modeling of deformation of micropolar thin bodies with two small sizes

We consider some problems of modeling the deformation of micropolar thin bodies with two small sizes. Using the three-dimensional equations of motion, the constitutive relations and the boundary conditions of the micropolar elasticity theory [1, 2], we got the equations of motion, the constitutive relations and the boundary conditions of the micropolar theory of thin bodies under the parametrization of the thin body domain with two small sizes [3]. The boundary conditions and various representations of the system of equations of motion and the constitutive relations of physical content in moments with respect to the Legendre polynomials are obtained. Note that using this method of construction the thin bodies theory with two small sizes, we get an infinite system of ordinary differential equations. This system contains quantities which depends on one variable, namely, depends on the parameter of the base line. Thus, decreasing the number of independent variables from three to one we increase the number of equations to infinity, which, of course, has its obvious practical inconveniences. In this regard, we reduce an infinite system to the finite system. The initial-boundary value problems are formulated. To satisfy the boundary conditions on the front surfaces we constructed correcting terms [4]. As a special case, we considered a prismatic body. We used the tensor calculus to do this research [5–8].
Informed Consent for Research on Stored Blood and Tissue Samples: A Survey of Institutional Review Board Practices

Numerous position papers have outlined informed consent recommendations for the collection, storage, and future use of biological samples; however, there currently is no consensus regarding what kinds of information should be included in consent forms. This study aimed to determine whether institutional review boards (IRBs) vary in their informed consent requirements for research on stored biological samples, and whether any variation observed could be correlated to factors such as volume of work, IRB members' familiarity with ethical issues in genetic research, and IRBs' use of either of two policy guidelines as resources. A brief survey was mailed to all IRB chairpersons on a mailing list obtained from the Office for Human Research Protections. Survey questions included whether consent forms for the collection of biological samples for future use address each of six provisions recommended in current guidelines and position statements, and whether IRBs used the Office for Protection from Research Risks' 1993 Protecting Human Research Subjects: Institutional Review Board Guidebook, chapter 5 (hereinafter IRB Guidebook) or the National Bioethics Advisory Commission's 1999 Research Involving Human Biological Materials: Ethical Issues and Policy Guidance, Volume 1 (hereinafter Report) in their deliberations. Despite a low response rate (22%, 427 respondents), results indicate that IRB practices vary substantially. The degree to which the provisions were included in consent forms was found to correlate positively with IRBs that review a greater volume of protocols annually, those that use the National Biothics Advisory Commission Report in their deliberations, and those that draw on both the Report and the IRB Guidebook.
Accuracy Graphs of Spectrum-Based Fault Localization Formulas

The effectiveness of spectrum-based fault localization techniques primarily relies on the accuracy of their fault localization formulas. Theoretical studies prove the relative accuracy orders of selected formulas under certain assumptions, forming a graph of their theoretical accuracy relations. However, it is unclear whether in such a graph the relative positions of these formulas may change when some assumptions are relaxed. On the other hand, empirical studies can measure the actual accuracy of any formula in controlled settings that more closely approximate practical scenarios but in less general contexts. In this paper, we propose an empirical framework of accuracy graphs and their construction that reveal the relative accuracy of formulas. Our work not only evaluates the association between certain assumptions and the theoretical relations among formulas, but also expands our knowledge to reveal new potential accuracy relationships of other formulas which have not been discovered by theoretical analysis. Using our proposed framework, we identified a list of formula pairs in which a formula is consistently statistically more accurate than or similar in accuracy to another, enlightening directions for further theoretical analysis.
Risk Factors for Asthma and Other Allergic Diseases in Seasonal Rhinitis

Background. Rhinitis and asthma are common comorbidities. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for asthma and other allergic diseases in seasonal rhinitis (SR) patients. Methods. Records of 922 patients diagnosed as SR between 1991 and 2005 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were grouped according to the results of our standard skin prick tests as follows: I-No sensitization: no sensitization to any allergen; II-Mono-pollen sensitization: sensitization to only one pollen allergen; III-Poly-pollen sensitization: sensitization to more than one pollen allergen; IV-Mite sensitization: sensitization to mite with or without any other allergen sensitization. Results. The mean age of the patients was 29.5 ± 9.6 and 587 patients (63.2%) were females. Age at onset of SR was median 21 years (16–29 years). Of the 922 patients, 99 had no sensitization, 335 had poly-pollen sensitization, 346 had mono-pollen sensitization, and 142 had mite sensitization. The most prevalent allergens were P. pratense (85.3%) and O. europae (31.5%). No sensitization group as compared to poly-pollen sensitization group had significantly higher prevalence of asthma as a single accompanying disease (14.1%, p < 0.05). Mono-pollen sensitization was significantly associated with lower risk of any accompanying allergic disease (OR: 0.7, 95% CI 0,5–0,9) while no sensitization group (OR: 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–5.9) and mite sensitization were associated with asthma (OR: 2.3, 95% CI 1.2–4.4). Conclusion. SR is a condition that presents with different phenotypes. The group with no sensitization and mite sensitization has the highest prevalence of asthma while SR patients with mono-pollen sensitization are unlikely to have an accompanying allergic disease, including asthma.
Feasibility Study on Active Back Telemetry and Power Transmission Through an Inductive Link for Millimeter-Sized Biomedical Implants

This paper presents a feasibility study of wireless power and data transmission through an inductive link to a 1-mm <sup>2</sup> implant, to be used as a free-floating neural probe, distributed across a brain area of interest. The proposed structure utilizes a four-coil inductive link for back telemetry, shared with a three-coil link for wireless power transmission. We propose a design procedure for geometrical optimization of the inductive link in terms of power transmission efficiency (PTE) considering specific absorption rate and data rate. We have designed a low-power pulse-based active data transmission circuit and characterized performance of the proposed inductive link in terms of its data rate and bit error rate (BER). The 1-mm<sup>2</sup> data-Tx/power-Rx coil is implemented using insulated bonding wire with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{25}{\text{-}}\mu {\text{m}}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> diameter, resulting in measured PTE in tissue media of 2.01% at 131 MHz and 1.8-cm coil separation distance when the resonator coil inner radius is 1 cm. The measured BER at 1-Mbps data rate was <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{2.7}\times \text{10}^{-6}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{5}\times \text{10}^{-6}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the air and tissue environments, respectively.
Analysis of the human cytomegalovirus pp65-directed T-cell response in healthy HLA-A2-positive individuals

Abstract Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is contained by T-lymphocyte responses focused towards the major tegument protein pp65. To systematically identify T-cell epitopes, we applied the following strategy: 441 overlapping 15mer peptides spanning the entire HCMV pp65 antigen in 1-aa steps were screened in enzyme-linked immunospot (ELIspot) assays for interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from nine healthy HCMV-seropositive subjects expressing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2. This analysis confirmed a number of previously known epitopes and revealed several new ones. A total of 26 epitopes were identified, including 14 HLA-A2, four HLA-B7, -B35, -B12 and -B44 restricted class I epitopes, six class II epitopes, and two epitopes of unknown restriction. Three novel HLA-A2 epitopes were confirmed using T2-cells, and one peptide for which only binding data had been published so far was verified. Two novel class II epitopes were confirmed by intracellular cytokine staining. Responses were usually oligoclonal against up to seven HLA-A2 epitopes, albeit with a few dominating epitopes. Clusters of overlapping epitopes (hot-spots) were identified. These and the newly identified T-cell epitopes may be of great value for epitope-based immunotherapeutic approaches, including peptide vaccines.
Ruminal Bacterial Community Composition in Dairy Cows Is Dynamic over the Course of Two Lactations and Correlates with Feed Efficiency

ABSTRACT Fourteen Holstein cows of similar ages were monitored through their first two lactation cycles, during which ruminal solids and liquids, milk samples, production data, and feed consumption data were collected for each cow during early (76 to 82 days in milk [DIM]), middle (151 to 157 DIM), and late (251 to 257 DIM) lactation periods. The bacterial community of each ruminal sample was determined by sequencing the region from V6 to V8 of the 16S rRNA gene using 454 pyrosequencing. Gross feed efficiency (GFE) for each cow was calculated by dividing her energy-corrected milk by dry matter intake (ECM/DMI) for each period of both lactation cycles. Four pairs of cows were identified that differed in milk production efficiency, as defined by residual feed intake (RFI), at the same level of ECM production. The most abundant phyla detected for all cows were Bacteroidetes (49.42%), Firmicutes (39.32%), Proteobacteria (5.67%), and Tenericutes (2.17%), and the most abundant genera included Prevotella (40.15%), Butyrivibrio (2.38%), Ruminococcus (2.35%), Coprococcus (2.29%), and Succiniclasticum (2.28%). The bacterial microbiota between the first and second lactation cycles were highly similar, but with a significant correlation between total community composition by ruminal phase and specific bacteria whose relative sequence abundances displayed significant positive or negative correlation with GFE or RFI. These data suggest that the ruminal bacterial community is dynamic in terms of membership and diversity and that specific members are associated with high and low milk production efficiency over two lactation cycles.
Comparative study of the resveratrol content of twenty-one italian red grape varieties

The content of resveratrol and some related stilbenes (piceids and piceatannol) in 21 Italian red grape varieties growing in the same edapho-climatic conditions and at the same stage of ripening was measured. Some varieties, like Barbera, Schiava gentile, Corvina and Marzemino, showed a trans-resveratrol content in the skin two to three times higher than the average content of all varieties. Trans- and cis-piceids were found in concentration higher than that of resveratrol, confirming both to be important contributors to the pool of health-promoting molecules present in grapes. Considering the total amount of stilbenes, the highest content was found in Barbera, Franconia, Negroamaro, Corvina and Marzemino, whereas other varieties, such as Montepulciano, Dolcetto, Croatina, Refosco and Primitivo, seem to synthesise very low amounts of these compounds. Barbera grapes also contain a relatively high concentration of transpiceatannol, a stilbene with even higher antioxidant properties than resveratrol, which means that it could be an interesting variety as a source of health-promoting molecules.