Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF FOREST HARVEST ON DECOMPOSITION AND COLONIZATION OF MAPLE LEAF LITTER BY SOIL MICROARTHROPODS

The effect of whole-tree and conventional forest harvest on sugar maple leaf litter decomposition and the colonization of litter bags by soil microarthropods was investigated in a mixed conifer/hardwood forest on the Canadian Shield for 2 yr, beginning 17 mo after forest harvesting. Decomposition of leaves in litter bags was significantly greater (P W > U. Colonization of leaf litter by soil microarthropods was greater (P < 0.05) on the U than on harvested plots, and was greater (P < 0.05) on the C than on the W plot. Thus, soil microarthropods did not appear to be responsible for the faster decomposition on harvested plots compared to the uncut plot, nor were differences in soil temperatures or mois.
CALYPSO: Private Data Management for Decentralized Ledgers

Distributed ledgers provide high availability and integrity , making them a key enabler for practical and secure computation of distributed workloads among mutually distrustful parties. Many practical applications also require strong confidentiality , however. This work enhances permissioned and permissionless blockchains with the ability to manage confidential data without forfeiting availability or decentralization. The proposed Calypso architecture addresses two orthogonal challenges confronting modern distributed ledgers: (a) enabling the auditable management of secrets and (b) protecting distributed computations against arbitrage attacks when their results depend on the ordering and secrecy of inputs. Calypso introduces on-chain secrets, a novel abstraction that enforces atomic deposition of an auditable trace whenever users access confidential data. Calypso provides user-controlled consent management that ensures revocation atomicity and accountable anonymity. To enable permissionless deployment, we introduce an incentive scheme and provide users with the option to select their preferred trustees. We evaluated our Calypso prototype with a confidential document-sharing application and a decentralized lottery. Our benchmarks show that transaction-processing latency increases linearly in terms of security (number of trustees) and is in the range of 0.2 to 8 seconds for 16 to 128 trustees.
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Anethum graveolens L. seed extracts

Anethum graveolens L. commonly known as dill is an annual medicinal herb belonging to family Umbelliferae. In this study, the possible antioxidant properties of different extracts of dill seeds were investigated using various in vitro models viz. DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide radical scavenging methods and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay at various concentrations viz. 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml respectively. Results revealed that the methanol extract was most effective as compared to other tested extracts. Total phenolics and flavonoids content were found to be higher in methanol extract as compared to others tested extracts. IC50 of all the extracts were found to be less than 1.5 mg/ml. All the tested extracts exhibited lower antioxidant potential as compared to ascorbic acid used as standard. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of reducing sugars, saponins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and phlobatanins. Dill seed can be exploited as a source of natural antioxidant.
Identification of CDK1 as a candidate marker in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by integrated bioinformatics analysis

Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a relatively common cancer that accounts for nearly 50% of non-melanoma skin cancer cases. However, the genotypes that are linked with poor prognosis and/or high relapse rates and pathogenic mechanisms of cSCC are not fully understood. To address these points, three gene expression datasets were analyzed to identify candidate biomarker genes in cSCC. Methods The GSE117247, GSE32979, and GSE98767 datasets comprising a total of 32 cSCC samples and 31 normal skin tissue samples were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and underwent pathway enrichment analyses with the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). A putative DEG protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was also established that included hub genes. The expression of CDK1, MAD2L1, BUB1 ans CDC20 were examined in the study. Results A total of 335 genes were identified, encompassing 219 found to be upregulated and 116 genes that were downregulated in cSCC, compared to normal tissue. Enriched functions of these DEGs were associated with Ephrin receptor signaling and cell division; cytosol, membrane, and extracellular exosomes; ATP-, poly(A) RNA-, and identical protein binding. We also established a PPI network comprising 332 nodes and identified KIF2C, CDC42, AURKA, MAD2L1, MYC, CDK1, FEN1, H2AFZ, BUB1, BUB1B, CKS2, CDC20, CCT2, ACTR2, ACTB, MAPK14, and HDAC1 as candidate hub genes. The expression of CDK1 are significantly higher in the cSCC tissues than that in normal skin. Conclusions The DEGs identified in this study are potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for cSCC. CDK1 is a gene closely related to the occurrence and development of cSCC, which may play an important role. Bioinformatics analysis shows that it is involved in the important pathway of the pathogenesis of cSCC, and may be recognized and applied as a new biomarker in the future diagnosis and treatment of cSCC.
(+)- and (±)-ketopinic acid: Hydrogen-bonding patterns in a β-keto acid in its enantiomeric and racemic forms and enantiomeric disordering in the racemate

Crystal structures have been determined for both (+)-and (±)-7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo[2.2. 1 ]heptane- 1 -carboxylic acid, C 10 H 14 O 3 . The asymmetric unit of the (+)-form, (I), contains two molecules paired by mutual hydrogen bonding of their carboxyl groups, without ketone involvement. Both carboxyl groups are disordered and the conformation of each relative to its own molecule differs by 46.3 (4)° for the two halves of the dimer. In the racemate, (II), the asymmetric unit also contains two molecules, each of which dimerizes with a centrosymmetric counterpart by mutual hydrogen bonding of carboxyl groups across the a or b cell edge, also without ketone involvement. Besides disorder of the carboxyl C-O lengths and angles, each half of the asymmetric unit of (II) displays extensive enantiomeric disorder, corresponding to transposition of the ethylene and methylene bridges, with the carboxyl and ketone C atoms plus the anti-methyl C atom exactly coinciding. Each contributor to the structure of (II) has a different rotational conformation for its carboxyl group, none corresponding to those found in (I).
One Year In: Reflections of a New Academic Manager

While much has been written about the importance of reflection for teachers’ professional development, there is little in the way of academic management reflection in the TESOL industry. In an attempt to reverse this trend, this paper draws on the reflections of a new academic manager to discuss challenges faced in the first twelve months and to explore how this experience has redefined certain management beliefs, particularly with regard to communication and teamwork. The paper concludes with the hope that these reflections will help inform future academic management training, and provide a useful insight into the challenges facing academic managers for those who aspire to move into positions of responsibility. INTRODUCTION A little under twelve months ago I joined the English for Discussion Center (EDC) at Rikkyo University as a Program Manager (PM), which involves working together with the three other PMs to maintain and develop the program’s unified curriculum. The main responsibilities of this role include defining assessment criteria and ensuring interrater reliability, editing and writing the course textbook, and managing the training and development of all teachers, such as delivering instructor training sessions and carrying out instructor observations. While none of the responsibilities at EDC were unfamiliar to me due to my having had similar responsibilities in previous roles, with a new context to understand, new procedures to learn, and new professional relationships to develop, it was clear to me upon becoming a PM that there would be a steep learning curve involved. Much has been written about the importance of reflection for teachers’ professional development, yet I was surprised to discover very little in the way of precedent when it comes to management reflections, particularly in the realm of TESOL, despite concerns regarding the lack of critical perspective in manager development (Miller, 2012; Reynolds, 1998). In an attempt to reverse this trend, this paper stems from a desire to personally reflect on my first year as a PM and provide others with an insight into the challenges that new academic managers can face. As such, I intend to begin with a discussion of some challenges I faced upon joining EDC before outlining how my beliefs about management have changed, developed, or been strengthened during my first year as an academic manager.
Tipificación del virus papiloma humano (VPH) en lesiones preneoplásicas y carcinoma del cuello uterino en mujeres de la IX Región-Chile

: Detection of HPV was 40% in cases without histologicallesion, 88% in low grade lesions, 89% in high grade lesions (HGL) and 93.5% in invasive carcino-ma. Of all HPV positive cases, 89.5% were classified as high risk and only a 4.9% of HPV caseswere of low risk type. Six percent of cases had multiple infections. Distribution of viral genotypesaccording to RFLP was: HPV33 (25.3%), 16 (18.7%), 52 (13.3%), 31 (12%), 35 (6.6%), 18(2.7%).
Cation site and anion charge ordering in body-centered cubic-packed fullerides with complex counterions

Two fullerides derived from Na 2 C 60 by ammonia coordination to the counterions are presented. Both structures adopt body-centered cubic-related anion packings. The sodium cations are extensively disordered in one phase, but their positional ordering in the second phase is correlated with the development of two distinct fulleride anion environments. Electrostatic considerations indicate that the two crystallographically distinct fulleride anions display charge separation.
1 Diversity of feeding in Anthozoa ( Cnidaria ) : A 2 Systematic Review 3

In this study, we performed a bibliographical review examining the scientific literature on 17 “feeding in Anthozoa” theme for the period from 1890 to 2019, using scientific databases (Google 18 Scholar) supplemented with additional literature. This study categorized published scientific 19 papers on this topic by decade of publication, target taxa, variability of species studied in each order 20 and main themes studied. As a result, 153 studies were found, and based on their content, it was 21 observed that within Anthozoa, there has been a concentration of feeding studies on species in the 22 orders Actiniaria (Hexacorallia), Scleractinia (Hexacorallia), and Alcyonacea (Octocorallia). This 23 indicates that the other remaining orders of the group have been comparatively neglected with 24 regards to their feeding aspects. Therefore, as data on feeding in some groups of Anthozoa are 25 scarce, studies need to be carried out to fill the gaps that permeate this important benthic group, in 26 order to better understand their ecology. 27
An In Situ Simultaneous Reduction‐Hydrolysis Technique for Fabrication of TiO2‐Graphene 2D Sandwich‐Like Hybrid Nanosheets: Graphene‐Promoted Selectivity of Photocatalytic‐Driven Hydrogenation and Coupling of CO2 into Methane and Ethane

A novel, in situ simultaneous reduction‐hydrolysis technique (SRH) is developed for fabrication of TiO2‐‐graphene hybrid nanosheets in a binary ethylenediamine (En)/H2O solvent. The SRH technique is based on the mechanism of the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide (GO) into graphene by En and the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles through hydrolysis of titanium (IV) (ammonium lactato) dihydroxybis, subsequently in situ loading onto graphene through chemical bonds (Ti–O–C bond) to form 2D sandwich‐like nanostructure. The dispersion of TiO2 hinders the collapse and restacking of exfoliated sheets of graphene during reduction process. In contrast with prevenient G‐TiO2 nanocomposites, abundant Ti3+ is detected on the surface of TiO2 of the present hybrid, caused by reducing agent En. The Ti3+ sites on the surface can serve as sites for trapping photogenerated electrons to prevent recombination of electron–hole pairs. The high photocatalytic activity of G‐TiO2 hybrid is confirmed by photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to valuable hydrocarbons (CH4 and C2H6) in the presence of water vapor. The synergistic effect of the surface‐Ti3+ sites and graphene favors the generation of C2H6, and the yield of the C2H6 increases with the content of incorporated graphene. The work may open a new doorway for new significant application of graphene for selectively catalytic C–C coupling reaction
Thermoelectric Properties of Al Doped ZnO Thin Films

Significant progress has been made in thermoelectric materials during the last decades and it is found that thermoelectric thin film materials have high thermoelectric conversion efficiency. ZnO based thermoelectric materials, such as ZnO:Al (AZO), are considered as the most promising oxide materials for high-temperature, nontoxic and low-cost thermoelectric application. In this work, the effects of annealing temperature on the thermoelectric properties of AZO thin films prepared by direct current magnetron sputtering were investigated. The results indicate that the Seebeck coefficient of AZO thin films increases and the resistivity decreases as increasing of annealing temperature. Among the prepared AZO films in this work, the maximum absolute value of Seebeck coefficient is 460 μV/K and the minimum resistivity is 3.25×10-4 Ω·m. The sample annealed at 773 K has a maximum power factor value of 1.46×10-4 W/mK2 at 620 K with a moderate Seebeck coefficient of-355 μV/K and a electrical conductivity of 1.16×103 S/m.
Open Source Software Information Triangulation: A Design Science Study

Open source components are a promising way for creating and delivering software to the market fast. However, challenges arise when assessing the quality of open source software. While frameworks to assess these components exist, the open source market is neither governed nor regulated and the use of these frameworks is labor-intensive and complex. This research aims to solve this problem by selecting quality indicators for open source software on GitHub and realizing a tool for automatically supporting the evaluation of information about open source software from other available sources. These sources include StackExchange.com for external support and the National Vulnerability and Exposure database for security incident history. Feedback on the developed prototype supports our view that automatic checks of open source software claims is possible and useful.
A comparative evaluation of ultrasonic irrigation and syringe irrigation in clinical and laboratory study

Background: The present study was conducted to compare ultrasonic irrigation and syringe irrigation in clinical and laboratory study. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 single rooted mandibular premolars. We prepared 2 groups of 25 each. In group I, ultrasonic irrigation and in group II, syringe irrigation was performed. The incidence of pain, quality of root canal filling and the number of obturated lateral canals were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results: The mean irrigation time in group I was 128.2 seconds and in group II was 217.3 seconds. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). There were 5 cases in group I and 2 cases of incidence of pain in group II. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). In group I, appropriate filling was seen in 21 and under filling in 4 cases and in group II, appropriate filling was seen in 22, over filling in 1 and under filling in 2 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that ultrasonic irrigation has a greater capacity to clean instrumented root canals than syringe irrigation. Introduction Endodontic therapy, also termed root canal therapy, involves removal of infected tissue and protection of decontaminated teeth. The root canal system has a complicated anatomical structure, comprising several irregular structures in the root canal wall. Therefore, root canal irrigation is of great importance for eliminating infected pulp tissue, and removing the smear layer and dentinal debris resulting from root canal filing. The efficacy of irrigation relies on both the flushing action of the irrigant and its capacity to dissolve infected tissue. Disinfection of the root canal system is a specific requirement for endodontic treatment success. Irrigant penetration in the canal system depends on the root canal anatomy, irrigant application techniques, solution volume, root canal instrumentation and irrigant’s physicchemical characteristics. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) are the most commonly used irrigants, and they are sometimes combined with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or other chelating agents. Different studies showed that the use of NaOCl between 2.5% and 5%, combined with 10 17% EDTA solutions, is particularly effective in the elimination of organic and inorganic debris. 4 Ultrasonically activated files usually oscillate at frequencies (25-30 kHz) exceeding human hearing. There are two types of ultrasonic irrigation, with or without simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation: ultrasonic instrumentation (UI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Syringe irrigation has been used for decades in clinical practice. In comparison, however, ultrasonic irrigation achieves better removal of artificially created dentinal debris from simulated canal irregularities in the root canal following preparation. The present study was conducted to compare ultrasonic
Calcium and peak bone mass: How much is needed and when?

Calcium is accepted as an essential nutrient for bone health (1). Between infancy and adulthood, more than 1000 g of calcium are incorporated into the skeleton. For optimal bone health, calcium intake must be sufficient to meet the demands of bone mineral accrual and to compensate for losses in feces, urine, and sweat. Experts in the United States, Europe, and Australia have developed age-adjusted recommendations for calcium intake based on the best available calcium balance, bone mineral accrual, and fracture data (2). For individuals aged nine to 18 years, calcium intakes of 800–1300 mg/day have been advised. Despite these guidelines, the “threshold amount” of calcium required for maximal calcium retention and bone mineral accrual remains a contentious issue (2;3).
A Comparative Study of Antimalarial and Toxicological Effects of Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Glphaea brevis Leaves in Mice

Malaria is the most important parasitic disease of subtropical and tropical countries and its control remains serious challenge, especially through the development of parasite resistance to standard antimalarial drugs. Aqueous and methanol leaves extract of Glyphaea brevis were investigated for their activities against malaria infections using albino mice infected with Plasmodium berghei at dose levels of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg per day. Artemisinin at 5mg/kg /day was used as standard control. Dose dependent chemo-suppression of the parasites was obtained at different dosages of the tested extract. The methanol extract was found to be more active in parasite inhibition growth than its aqueous counterpart. In the established infected control group, aqueous and methanol extracts both showed significant dose dependent (P< 0.05) inhibitory and suppressive activities on the extracts treated animals when compared with the infected (positive) control groups. The percentage suppression revealed that 400 mg/kg methanol extract treated group had the highest efficacy (81.89%) amongst the various dosages administered. There was reduction in PCV levels in all the Plasmodium berghei infected mice when compared to the normal control group. Also, there were significant (P< 0.05) increase in the serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (80.75 ± 7.04) and aspartate aminotransferase (68.50 ± 4.66) of the infected control group compared to normal, standard and the extract treated groups. There was significant difference in the serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase in the positive control group and aqueous extract treated groups. Conclusively, aqueous and methanol leaves extracts of G. brevis possess antiplasmodial activity.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Business Intelligence Systems: A PLS-SEM Approach

Business Intelligence Systems (BIS) adoption is considered a top priority for many organizations and the promises of BIS are rapidly attracting many others. However, not all BIS initiatives have been successful and previous research address the BIS effectiveness have been somewhat scarce. As such, this study seeks to contribute to the developing body of research into BIS effectiveness. Based on a review of literature grounded on IS success theories, the study develops and empirically validated a comprehensive model of BIS effectiveness, the model suggests BIS effectiveness should be seen as a myriad of an actual benefits and achievements both organization and BIS users receive from using a particular BIS. Following this perspective, by integrating the TAM and The D&M success models, the study model consists of six constructs: information quality, system quality, decision quality, perceived usefulness, decision support satisfaction, and net benefit. The causal relationships among the constructs in the model tested with a field survey collected from 138 BIS users. Based on the PLS-SEM, the results indicate that seven out of eight hypotheses were supported. Our results suggest the degree to which using the BIS would enhance end-user performance is an important factor affecting decision support satisfaction. An increase in the information quality and system quality of the BIS leads to an increase in decision quality. Any net positive effect from BIS information and system characteristics will result in a positive significant impact on users’ perceived usefulness . An increase in decision support satisfaction leads to an increase in the perceived benefits organization and users get from using the BIS.
Inf luence of Crop Load on Photosynthes i s and Dry Matter Part i t ioning of Seyval Grapevines . II . Seasonal Changes in Single Leaf and Whole

Photosynthesis (Pn), leaf area/vine and dry matter partitioning were measured at four phenological stages of development on two-year-old, own-rooted Seyval grapevines adjusted to five different crop loads. Crop loads were 0, 1, 2, 4, or 6 clusters/vine with all laterals removed to eliminate intra-vine shading. Yield/vine was positively correlated and leaf area/vine negatively correlated with clusters/vine. Total dry weight/vine was similar for all crop loads, but increased at each phenophase. Whole vine Pn (WVPn) was measured in a whole plant chamber and expressed as WVPn per unit leaf area (WVPn/L) and WVPn per vine (WVPnN). Single leaf Pn (SLPn) was also measured on leaves at four node positions. SLPn was highest at the basal node position (node four or five) at fruit set. SLPn at all other node positions was highest mid-season or veraison. WVPn increased through veraison, then declined. SLPn was positively correlated with crop load in at least one leaf position at each phenophase. WVPn/L was positively correlated with crop load only at harvest. WVPnN was inversely correlated with crop load at mid-season, indicating that vegetative, as well as fruiting sinks, can strongly influence whole vine photosynthetic rates. Over the season, SLPn of the most recently fully expanded leaf was best correlated with WVPn/L. However, there was no general relationship between SLPn and WVPn/V.