Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Dynamic Deployment Policy of Slave Controllers for Software Defined Network

In order to solve the problem of Software-Defined Network scalability, the idea of using multiple controllers to manage the underlying network domain became an effective solution. But how to deploy the controller rationally to reduce the communication overhead of control plane lacks the corresponding research. Therefore this paper proposes a controller dynamic deployment strategy. The strategy uses the Quantum Genetic Algorithm to calculate the optimal controller deployment scheme, and can adjust scheme of deployment dynamically according to the change of network topology. Experiments show that this deployment scheme can effectively reduce the whole communication overhead of the control plane, and achieve dynamic adjustment of deployment scheme at the smaller expense. Copyright © 2015 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
The hidden magnitude of raised blood pressure and elevated blood glucose in Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction: The burden of raised blood pressure and elevated blood glucose in sub-Saharan Africa has been increasing over the last couple of decades. However, a large proportion of the population with raised blood pressure and elevated blood glucose remain undiagnosed contributing to the increasing burden of the problem. There is paucity of published studies describing the burden of major NCDs in sub –Saharan Africa. Likewise, except very few studies in some pocket areas, there was no representative NCD risk factor survey undertaken in Ethiopia. This paper focuses on the data extracted from the survey on the prevalence of selected NCDs to elaborate more on the issues and to show the invisible magnitude of the two major health problems for policy and program development. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Ethiopia using the WHO step-wise approach to the surveillance of NCD risk factors. The survey was carried out between April and June 2015. The data collection processes included three steps. Step 1: This step comprised of a questionnaire to gather demographic and behavioural characteristics of the study population; Step 2: Physical measurement was done to build on the core data in Step 1 and to determine proportion of the study population with raised blood pressure, overweight and obesity; and Step 3: Biochemical measurements were undertaken to build on the core data in step 1 and step 2 to measure proportion of the study population with diabetes, raised blood glucose and abnormal lipid level. Data were collected digitally using personal digital assistants (PDAs) from which data were transferred to central server using internet file streaming system (IFSS). Data were cleaned and analysed using a combination of softwares namely, SPSS, Stata and Epi Info version 3.5. 4. Results: The survey included 9,788 study participants and of this, 77% had never been measured for blood pressure prior to current survey. However, based on the measurements made during the present survey among all respondents who were not taking medication for raised blood pressure, 15.6% (95% CI: 14.4-16.9) had raised blood pressure level ( SBP of ≥140 mmHg and/or a DBP of ≥90 mmHg). Likewise, among all respondents, 97 % had never been tested for blood sugar level prior to present survey. However, the current study revealed a total of 5.7 % of the study population had a blood glucose level of ≥ 110 mg/dl, with 6% (95% CI: 4.7-7.2) in men, and 5.8 %( 95% CI: 4.6-7.0) in women. Conclusions: The prevalence of undiagnosed raised blood pressure and elevated blood sugar was high in Ethiopia and only very small percentage of people had been aware of their high blood pressure and elevated blood sugar. Policy makers in the health sector including other health development partners need to strengthen health system and design nation-wide population based strategy to establish community based screening program for blood pressure and blood glucose. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2017;31(Special Issue):362-369] Key words: Hidden magnitude, history, blood pressure, blood glucose, NCD
Sexual maturation in captive spiny lobsters, Jasus edwardsii, and the relationship of fecundity and larval quality with maternal size

Summary Reproductive and somatic parameters of southern rock lobsters, Jasus edwardsii, held captive since puerulus and wild-caught adults were examined in terms of size at onset of maturity (SOM) and fecundity, culminating in an examination of how adult size may relate to larval competency. The SOM was much smaller in captive animals (62.5 mm carapace length, CL) compared to historical fishery data and indicated that precocious maturation may be induced in captivity. During this study, the fecundity was assessed as the number of viable phyllosoma at hatch, which was ~45% of egg estimates from the historical fishery data, suggesting either declining egg numbers in wild stocks over time or that major egg loss occurs during embryonic development. The association between SOM and sexual dimorphism was examined for several morphometric parameters. In females, the SOM was concomitant with increases to the width of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments above 62.5 mm CL, while 2nd and 3rd leg length increased disproportionately in males compared to females above 77.5 mm CL. There were significant correlations between viable fecundity and female size (r = 0.92), phyllosoma size (r = 0.74) and larval viability as quantified by stress indices (r = −0.56) and LD-50 (r = 0.56), indicating that larger females produce larger, more viable larvae. These physiological traits in larval, juvenile and adult animals may have an impact on fishery and aquaculture production.
The Use of in Vitro Gas Production Technique to Evaluate Molasses Supplementation to Mulberry (Morus alba) and Rice Straw Mixed Diets

YULISTIANI, D. , Z.A. JELAN, J.B. LIANG, H. YAAKUB and N. ABDULLAH. 2007. The use of in vitro gas production technique to evaluate molasses supplementation to mulberry (morus alba) and rice straw mixed diets. JITV 12(4): 255-261. Mulberry foliages have high nutritive value (protein content, digestibility and degradability), therefore it is potential to be used as a supplement to poor quality roughages. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of addition of fermentable energy in the mixed of mulberry and rice straw basal diet. A control diet consisted of either rice straw (RS) or urea treated rice straw mixed with mulberry foliage (URS) with ratio of 60 : 40%. Treatment was formulated by supplementation of control diet with molasses (as sources of fermentable energy) at 3 levels (5, 10 and 15%). The study was conducted in a 2 x 4 factorial experiment, consisted of 2 levels rice straw (untreated and urea treated) and 4 levels molasses supplementation (control and 3 levels for molasses). Diets were evaluated using in vitro gas production. The fermentation kinetics was determined from the incubation of 200 mg sample during 96 hours. The calculation of the kinetics based on exponential equation P = A+ B (1-e ct ). A shorter gas production test was carried out to determine truly degradable fermented substrates (in vitro true organic matter degradability/IVTOMD) by incubating 500 mg of samples 24 hours. The result showed that there was no significant interaction between rice straw treatment and molasses supplementation on fermentation characteristics, in vitro true dry matter digestibility, fermented substrate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. However there was a significant interaction between rice straw treatment on partitioning factor (PF), gas produced, propionic acid production and ratio between acetic acid and propionic acid. Molasses supplementation significantly (P<0.05) decreased gas production and ratio of acetic to propionic acid, and increase PF, propionic acid production in untreated rice straw mulberry (RSM) basal diet. It is concluded that molasses supplementation to RSM diet decreased gas production and ratio of C2/C3, and increased PF and propionic acid production.
VERSION HU-EP-0301 Constructing Gauge Theory Geometries from Matrix Models

We use the matrix model — gauge theory correspondence of Dijkgraaf and Vafa in order to construct the geometry encoding the exact gaugino condensate superpotential for the N = 1 U(N) gauge theory with adjoint and symmetric or anti-symmetric matter, broken by a tree level superpotential to a product subgroup involving U(Ni) and SO(Ni) or Sp( Ni 2 ) factors. The relevant geometry is encoded by a non-hyperelliptic Riemann surface, which we extract from the exact loop equations. We also show that O(1/N) corrections can be extracted from a logarithmic deformation of this surface. The loop equations contain explicitly subleading terms of order 1/N , which encode information of string theory on an orientifolded local quiver geometry.
ON THE USE OF INS TO IMPROVE FEATURE MATCHING

Abstract. The continuous technological improvement of mobile devices opens the frontiers of Mobile Mapping systems to very compact systems, i.e. a smartphone or a tablet. This motivates the development of efficient 3D reconstruction techniques based on the sensors typically embedded in such devices, i.e. imaging sensors, GPS and Inertial Navigation System (INS). Such methods usually exploits photogrammetry techniques (structure from motion) to provide an estimation of the geometry of the scene. Actually, 3D reconstruction techniques (e.g. structure from motion) rely on use of features properly matched in different images to compute the 3D positions of objects by means of triangulation. Hence, correct feature matching is of fundamental importance to ensure good quality 3D reconstructions. Matching methods are based on the appearance of features, that can change as a consequence of variations of camera position and orientation, and environment illumination. For this reason, several methods have been developed in recent years in order to provide feature descriptors robust (ideally invariant) to such variations, e.g. Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Affine SIFT, Hessian affine and Harris affine detectors, Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER). This work deals with the integration of information provided by the INS in the feature matching procedure: a previously developed navigation algorithm is used to constantly estimate the device position and orientation. Then, such information is exploited to estimate the transformation of feature regions between two camera views. This allows to compare regions from different images but associated to the same feature as seen by the same point of view, hence significantly easing the comparison of feature characteristics and, consequently, improving matching. SIFT-like descriptors are used in order to ensure good matching results in presence of illumination variations and to compensate the approximations related to the estimation process.
Climate governance entrepreneurship: Emerging findings and a new research agenda

This is an introductory paper to a special issue on climate governance entrepreneurship, where entrepreneurship is understood as acts performed by actors seeking to ‘punch above their weight’. By contrast, actors who are merely doing their job are not ‘entrepreneurs’. In order to understand climate policy and governance, we need to learn more about the factors that condition variance in entrepreneurial activity, strategies and success. In this introduction, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in policy in governance, with special attention to the recent upsurge in studies of climate governance entrepreneurship. We distinguish two types of entrepreneurship: (1) acts aimed at enhancing governance influence by altering the distribution of authority and information; and (2) acts aimed at altering or diffusing norms and cognitive frameworks, worldviews or institutional logics. The contributions in this special issue offer valuable insights into how personal motivations, policy windows, international trends, cultural-institutional traditions and the distribution of structural power influence entrepreneurship. However, more work is needed – not least as regards whether actors that seek change are more active and/or more successful as entrepreneurs compared to those that defend the status quo, and whether there is more successful entrepreneurship in public or in private arenas of governance.
A multifunctional DSTATCOM for power quality improvement

Abstract: The distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) is used for various purposes such as load balancing, harmonic rejection, and power factor correction (PFC) in power distribution networks. In unbalanced and polluted power systems, the classic definition of power factor cannot be used for PFC due to the existence of harmonics and negative sequence components in voltage and current waveforms. In this paper, PFC is performed using the IEEE power factor definition for harmonic and unbalanced environments. Moreover, the application of a proportional-resonant (PR) controller is proposed as an effective controller in the stationary frame for DSTATCOM performance improvement. The PR controller is used in the abc-frame for load balancing and is then compared theoretically and by simulation with the conventional PI controller, which has the main drawback of steady-state error when used in the stationary frame. To improve the DSTATCOM structure, an LCL harmonic filter is used as it is advantageous over the L/LC filter in terms of the size of the filter. The proposed DSTATCOM compensates for the disturbances in the source current imposed by nonlinear, unbalanced, and low power factor loads. Simulation results show the capability of the DSTATCOM including the proposed PR controller in improving the power quality of distribution systems.
Tensions in buyer-supplier relationships in the public sector

Social exchange theory suggest that when firms repeatedly interact with each other with the expectation that their interactions will result in a reward. However, social exchange mechanisms in a public procurement environment seem to be limited as public organizations have to deal with European public procurement legislation. As relational norms in public procurement are difficult to establish, it can be argued that low relational norms form a source for opportunistic behaviour between public organizations and their suppliers. In addition, literature on public procurement suggests that decisions made by procurers have a significant influence on buyer-supplier relationships. Indeed, when these decisions affect the business of suppliers, it may negatively influence the buyer-supplier relationship, which can eventually have an impact on buyer performance. From a strategic perspective, buyers and suppliers cooperate to create value, while at the same time compete in order to appropriate the largest part of the value share, which may also be a potential driver of tension. These mechanisms together suggest that buyer-supplier relationship are highly difficult to manage and may form potential sources of tensions in buyer-supplier relationships in the public sector. This study focusses on the identification of drivers of tensions between public procurers and suppliers by conducting an in-depth case study of a buyer-supplier relationship in the public sector. This study’s contributions are threefold. First, it contributes to social exchange theory by examining the development of relational norms and mutual expectations in a buyer-supplier relationship in the public sector. Second, this study contributes to public procurement literature by focussing on the influence of decisions in public procurement procedures on the relationship between public organizations and their suppliers. Third, as buyer-supplier relationships in the public sector consist of both cooperative and competitive elements, this study is approached from a vertical coopetition perspective. Moreover, this provides new perspectives on vertical coopetition by approaching buyer-supplier relationships in the public sector from a coopetition perspective. Results indicate that the public procurement environment is characterised by low relational norms, which form a driver for opportunistic behaviour and tensions in buyer-suppliers. In addition, decisions regarding the execution of tender procedures seem to have a significant influence on the development of tensions in buyer-supplier relationships. Finally, results suggest that when buyers and suppliers simultaneously engage in cooperative and competitive activities, it forms a source of tensions that can negatively influence the buyer-supplier relationship if proper management is absent.
Native and alien plant species richness in relation to spatial heterogeneity on a regional scale in Germany

Aim The aim of our study was to reveal relationships between richness patterns of native vs. alien plant species and spatial heterogeneity across varying landscape patterns at a regional scale. Location The study was carried out in the administrative district of Dessau (Germany), covering around 4000 km2. Methods Data on plant distribution of the German vascular flora available in grid cells covering 5′ longitude and 3′ latitude (c. 32 km2) were divided into three status groups: native plants, archaeophytes (pre 1500 AD aliens) and neophytes (post 1500 AD aliens). Land use and abiotic data layers were intersected with 125 grid cells comprising the selected area. Using novel landscape ecological methods, we calculated 38 indices of landscape composition and configuration for each grid cell. Principal components analysis (PCA) with a set of 29 selected, low correlated landscape indices was followed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results PCA reduced 29 indices to eight principal components (PCs) that explained 80% cumulative variance. Multiple linear regression analysis was highly significant and explained 41% to 60% variance in plant species distribution (adjusted R2) with three significant PCs (tested for spatial autocorrelation) expressing moderate to high disturbance levels and high spatial heterogeneity. Comparing the significance of the PCs for the species groups, native plant species richness is most strongly associated with riverine ecosystems, followed by urban ecosystems, and then small-scale rural ecosystems. Archaeophyte and neophyte richness are most strongly associated with urban ecosystems, followed by small-scale rural ecosystems and riverine ecosystems for archaeophytes, and riverine ecosystems and small-scale rural ecosystems for neophytes. Main conclusions Our overall results suggest that species richness of native and alien plants increases with moderate levels of natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances, coupled with high levels of habitat and structural heterogeneity in urban, riverine, and small-scale rural ecosystems. Despite differences in the order of relevance of PCs for the three plant groups, we conclude that at the regional scale species richness patterns of native plants as well as alien plants are promoted by similar factors.
Association Between Hearing Loss and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly

Summary Introduction: Hearing loss causes difficulties in speech understanding, which leads away from the family and social environment. This isolation may be associated with depressive disorders. Type of study: clinical prospective. Objective: To determine the association between hearing loss and depression in a group of non-institutionalized elderly. Method: The sample consisted of individuals aged over 60 years, undergoing complete audiological evaluation and screening for depressive symptoms with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: We evaluated 54 elderly, 26 (48.1%) were female and 28 (51.9%) males. It was found that 39 (72.2%) had hearing thresholds change, and 17 (31.5%) with mild hearing loss and 22 (40.7%) with moderate hearing loss. Were evident signs of depression in 25 elderly (46.3%), and 22 (40.7%) had hearing loss. Data analysis showed an association between hearing loss and depression (p = 0.016). Although not significant (p = 0.18), the association between the degree of hearing loss was positive in relation to the severity of the signs of depression. Conclusion: In elderly people surveyed, there was a strong association between hearing loss and signs of depression and tendency to be an association between the degree of hearing loss and the severity of the signs of depression.
Theoretical Perspectives on Sustainability Reporting: A Literature Review

This study analyzes the perspectives of the institutional theory, the legitimacy theory, and the stakeholders’ theory in the accounting changing process and sustainability reports. The objective is to explore how these theories are used in corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. Through this analysis, it is provided a better theoretical understanding of these theories, which support and promote research on accounting and sustainability reporting. This chapter analyzes each theory and the relationship between them. We conclude that, although the legitimacy theory is the dominant theory used in accounting and sustainability reporting studies, it is related to the other theories. The selection and application will depend on the study focus.
Fundamental Heterogeneous Reaction Chemistry Related to Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA) in the Atmosphere

Typical reaction pathways of formation of dicarboxylic acids, larger multifunctional compounds, oligomers, and organosulfur and organonitrogen compounds in secondary organic aerosols (SOA), revealed by laboratory experimental studies are reviewed with a short introduction to field observations. In most of the reactions forming these compounds, glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and related difunctional carbonyl compounds play an important role as precursors, and so their formation pathways in the gas phase are discussed first. A substantial discussion is then presented for the OH-initiated aqueous phase radical oxidation reactions of glyoxal and other carbonyls which form dicarboxylic acids, larger multifunctional compounds and oligomers, and aqueous-phase non-radical reactions which form oligomers, organosulfates and organonitrogen compounds. Finally, the heterogeneous oxidation reaction of gaseous O3, OH and NO3 with liquid and solid organic aerosols at the air-particle interface is discussed relating to the aging of SOA in the atmosphere.