Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Campus Social Life and Psychological Wellbeing among Babcock University Undergraduates

This study investigated the relationship between campus social life and psychological wellbeing among Babcock University undergraduates. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design of an ex-post facto type. Three research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were collected using two (2) standardized instruments. The questionnaires were administered on 300 participants comprises of 150 male and 150 female respectively that were randomly selected across two major fields (science-oriented and non-science oriented fields). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and multiple analyses of variance. The findings of this study indicated that control of self/ event, happiness, social involvement, self-esteem, mental balance and sociability significantly correlated with undergraduate campus social life (correlations ranged from r = .164 to r = .544, p < .01). The study also indicated that psychological wellbeing accounted for 21.1% of the variance in the undergraduates’ campus social life. Significant differences were observed in the degree of campus social life experienced by participants based on field of study (t=4.482, p <.05), and undergraduate’s family structure (t=2.007, p <.05,), but not on gender. It is therefore recommended that an increase in adolescent’s wellbeing may lead to enhanced interpersonal relationship, which may also promote a meaningful and fulfilled life academically. Keywords: Psychological well-being, campus social life, undergraduates, happiness, social involvement, self-esteem, mental balance.
Progesterone Receptor Isoforms, PR-B and PR-A, in Breast Cancer: Correlations with Clinicopathologic Tumor Parameters and Expression of AP-1 Factors

In the present study, we used Western blot analysis to determine the expression of the progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-B and PR-A, in breast tumors (n = 53), and correlated the expression patterns of the two isoforms with the clinicopathological parameters of these tumors and with expression of the AP-1 family of transcription factors. Expression of the two PR isoforms correlated significantly with each other, indicating that the expression of the two isoforms is probably regulated in a correlated fashion. Expression of both isoforms correlated significantly with expression of the estrogen receptor (ER). Furthermore, expression of PR-B was found to correlate significantly with the absence of ErbB2/neu. For the AP-1 factors, Fra-1 expression showed an inverse correlation with PR-B expression. In contrast, expression of FosB correlated significantly with expression of both isoforms, and the association was stronger with PR-B expression. An analysis of the ratio of expression of the two isoforms showed that most of the tumors expressed PR-A levels which were equal or higher than the corresponding PR-B expression levels (together 94% of the analyzed tumors) indicating that, in mammary carcinomas, a predominance of the PR-A isoform over the PR-B isoform seems to be the case. While there was no statistically significant correlation with age, staging and histological type, expression of both isoforms correlated with a more differentiated phenotype (G1/G2 grading). However, this association was stronger for PR-B. Also, a PR-A ≤ PR-B expression level was associated with G1/G2 grading, while a PR-A > PR-B expression level showed an association with a more undifferentiated phenotype (G3 grading). The expression level of the two PR isoforms might prove to be of prognostic and/or predictive value, especially since the two isoforms have been shown to be functionally different and to modulate the response of tumor cells to progestins and antiprogestins differently.
Truth Assessment of Objective Facts Extracted from Tweets: A Case Study on World Cup 2014 Game Facts

By understanding the tremendous opportunities to work with social media data and the acknowledgment of the negative effects social media messages can have, a way of assessing truth in claims on social media would not only be interesting but also very valuable. By making use of this ability, applications using social media data could be supported, or a selection tool in research regarding the spread of false rumors or 'fake news' could be build. In this paper, we show that we can determine truth by using a statistical classifier supported by an architecture of three preprocessing phases. We base our research on a dataset of Twitter messages about the FIFA World Cup 2014. We determine the truth of a tweet by using 7 popular fact types (involving events in the matches in the tournament such as scoring a goal) and we show that we can achieve an F1-score of 0.988 for the first class; the Tweets which contain no false facts and an F1-score of 0.818 on the second class; the Tweets which contain one or more false facts.
An Exploratory Study Of User Involvement In IS Development In Saudi Organizations: End User Perspective

The private sector in Saudi Arabia faces many challenges which constrain its capability of achieving the ultimate benefits of Information Systems (IS) including its success in appropriate development and implementation of IS projects. User involvement is essential for successful development of computer-based information systems (Ives and Olson, 1984). This factor is discussed and frequently highlighted in early studies (Dickson and Simmons, 1970; Power and Dickson, 1973; Lucas, 1978) and new ones but few studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabian organisations. If user involvement is performed correctly during all the phases of IS development, many benefits will be achieved, such as more satisfaction and understanding of the new system by the end users (Kujala, 2003). Absence of user involvement in IS development prevents organisations from achieving and delivering the desired benefits, even though the regular functions and daily tasks are accomplished. In addition, it will cause many changes in requirements and resistance to change. This study aims to explore the situation of user involvement throughout IS development stages in Saudi companies, focusing on two systems, the Human Resource System and Financial System, in the companies included in the study. Data were collected through interviews with twenty-four managers and staff within four companies. The data were analysed by using an interpretive approach to draw conclusions about the situation of user involvement in IS development in these companies. The final results demonstrated that user involvement was absent or not carried out adequately within the four companies, even though they are aware with its importance. The findings from this research should help researchers and motivate them to focus on how to implement and improve this factor in Saudi industries.
Hybrid reasoning in the CARE middleware for context awareness

The Context Aggregation and REasoning (CARE) middleware aims at supporting context-aware adaptation of internet services in a mobile computing environment. Context awareness requires the acquisition, representation and processing of information that goes beyond raw context data – like device features, network status and user location – to include semantically rich data such as the current activity and interests of users. Representing and reasoning with the latter class of data require the use of ontologies and ontological reasoning. It is well known that reasoning with ontologies poses significant performance issues. The CARE hybrid reasoning mechanism is based on a loose interaction between ontological reasoning and efficient reasoning in a restricted logic programming language. In this paper we illustrate the hybrid reasoning approach adopted by CARE and report the extensive experimental results on ontology-based context reasoning that support our approach.
Coevolution of Foraging in Bombus and Nectar Dispensing in Chilopsis: A Last Dreg Theory

Flowers of Chilopsis linearis dispense nectar into pools and grooves. The bumblebee, Bombus sonorus, extracts pool nectar at a rate seven times faster than groove nectar. The result is the coevolution of a plant-pollinator system in which bees, while foraging efficiently, increase the number of flowers visited per calorie of nectar reward provided by the plant.
Cross-Priming as a Predominant Mechanism for Inducing CD8+ T Cell Responses in Gene Gun DNA Immunization1

DNA immunization induces CD8+ CTL responses by bone marrow-derived APCs, which are directly transfected with a plasmid DNA and/or acquire Ags from DNA-transfected non-APCs. To investigate the relative contribution of DNA-transfected APCs vs non-APCs to the initiation of CD8+ T cell responses, we used tissue-specific promoter-directed gene expression and adoptive transfer systems in gene gun DNA immunization. In this study, we demonstrated that non-APC-specific gene expressions induced significant CD8+ CTL and IFN-γ-producing cells and Ab responses, whereas APC-specific gene expressions led to moderate CTL and IFN-γ-producers, but no Ab responses. Interestingly, mice immunized with a non-APC-specific plasmid induced more rapid, vigorous, and prolonged proliferation of adoptively transferred Ag-specific CD8+ T cells than APC-specific plasmid-immunized mice. In addition, the in vivo proliferative responses elicited by a non-APC-specific plasmid administration were dependent on TAP, but were independent of CD4+ T cell help. Collectively, our results suggest that cross-priming, in which Ags expressed in non-APCs are taken up, processed, and presented by APCs, plays an important role in the initiation, magnitude, and maintenance of CD8+ T cell responses in gene gun DNA immunization.
Radiological properties of healthy, carcinoma and equivalent breast tissues for photon and charged particle interactions

Abstract Purpose: In this paper, the effective atomic numbers (Zeff), electron densities (Neff), exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) of healthy (H), carcinoma (C) and equivalent (E) breast tissues were investigated to quantify differences in radiological parameters between the tissues in the continuous energy region. For these purposes, Zeffs and Neffs, of healthy, carcinoma and equivalent (H-C-E) breast tissues were calculated for interaction of gamma rays and charged particles with selected tissues. EBFs and EABFs of the tissues were also calculated for gamma rays as well and were compared to each other for different photon energies (0.015–15 MeV) up to 40 mfp. Method: A well-known interpolation procedure has been used for the calculation of Zeff using the mass stopping powers and mass attenuation coefficients for charged and uncharged radiations in the continuous energy region. And the buildup factors of the tissues were calculated by the well-known G–P fitting method based on the interpolation from the equivalent atomic number (Zeq). Results: The variation of Zeffs, Neffs with energy and differences (%) in the Zeffs between the tissues were determined for photon, electron, proton and C ion, which is commonly used in hadron therapy in the relevant energy region 1 keV–400 MeV. Differences (%) between healthy and carcinoma tissues in Zeff were around 9%, >4%, >5%, >2.5% for C ion, photon, electron and proton interaction, respectively. The relative differences (RD %) in Zeff between healthy and equivalent tissues in the energy range 0.02–1 MeV were found to be less than 1% for photons and C ions. In addition differences (%) between healthy and carcinoma tissues in EABF and EBF were around 25%, but differences (%) between healthy and equivalent tissues were <6% and <4% (at 40 mfp) in the continuous energy region. Conclusions: From the results, BR12 was found the be available for an equivalent to healthy breast tissue in 0.02–1 MeV for photons and C ions due to RD (%) in Zeff between healthy and equivalent tissues (less than 1%). However, for electron interaction, the RD (%) in Zeff between healthy and equivalent tissues was always greater than 4% in the entire energy range, thus BR12 was found the worse an equivalent to healthy breast tissue in in the entire energy range for electron. Also the reported data in the study should be useful to choose best equivalence for photon, electron, proton and Carbon ion interactions.
Exciting traveling waves in high Q structures using microstrip

Exciting traveling waves in high-Q resonant structures can simplify low noise oscillator designs (Tobar et al., 1999), (Tobar et al., 2000), (D.P. Tsarapkin, N.A. Shtin, 2002), and also has applications for newly proposed Lorentz invariance tests (Tobar et al., 2005). In this work, we use microstrip probes to excite traveling waves in a sapphire dielectric resonator. Previous work has indicated that matching microstrip probes to a sapphire resonator can be a difficult requirement (D.P. Tsarapkin, N.A. Shtin, 2004). A model has been developed, which takes into account leakage of the microstrip line in the reverse direction to which we excite the traveling wave. From such a model we can define the standing wave ratio (SWR) from the amount of forward and reverse traveling wave in the resonator. Ideally for a perfect traveling wave the SWR = 0, and for a standing wave the SWR = 1. By comparing the model with experiment we find that we can excite a traveling wave with an SWR of 0.35 and an unloaded Q-factor of 150,000 in a WGH12,0,2 mode at 9,997 GHz, in a sapphire of 5 cm diameter and 3 cm height. From the model, we also propose new oscillator designs for low noise applications
Prevention of Chemically Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Experimental Animals by Virgin Argan Oil

The argan tree plays an important socioeconomic and ecologic role in South Morocco. Moreover, there is much evidence for the beneficial effects of virgin argan oil (VAO) on human health. Thus, this study investigated whether administering VAO to rats can prevent the development of diabetes. VAO extracted by a traditional method from the almonds of Argania spinosa (2 mL/kg) was administered orally (for 7 consecutive days) to rats before and during intraperitoneal alloxan administration (75 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days). An alloxan diabetic‐induced untreated group and treated by table oil were used as control groups. Body mass, blood glucose and hepatic glycogen were evaluated. In the present study, subchronic treatment with VAO at a dose of 2 mL/kg, before the experimental induction of diabetes, prevented the body mass loss, induced a significant reduction of blood glucose and a significant increase of hepatic glycogen level (p < 0.001) compared with the untreated diabetic group. In conclusion, the present study shows that argan oil should be further investigated in a human study to clarify its possible role in reducing weight loss in diabetics, and even in inhibiting the development or progression of diabetes. This antidiabetic effect could be due to the richness of VAO in tocopherols, phenolic compounds and unsaturated fatty acids. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effective electroconvulsive therapy in a 92‐year‐old dementia patient with psychotic feature

Abstract A 92‐year‐old woman who suffered from dementia with psychotic feature was admitted to a psychiatric ward. She refused to eat or take any medications. After 0.5 mg i.v. injection haloperidol, prolongation of QTc interval occurred in the electrocardiogram. Therefore two sessions of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were performed carefully after informed consent was obtained by her family. Almost no psychotic symptoms were observed after the first ECT. No cognitive side‐effects were observed during and after the two ECT sessions. This demonstrates that ECT can be used as an alternative treatment when elderly dementia patients with psychotic feature cannot tolerate medication.
Repeated Patterns of Dense Packings of Equal Disks in a Square

We examine sequences of dense packings of $n$ congruent non-overlapping disks inside a square which follow specific patterns as $n$ increases along certain values, $n = n(1), n(2),. n(k),. $. Extending and improving previous work of Nurmela and Ostergard where previous patterns for $n = n(k)$ of the form $ k^2$, $ k^2-1$, $k^2-3$, $k(k+1)$, and $4k^2+k$ were observed, we identify new patterns for $n = k^2-2$ and $n = k^2+ \lfloor k/2 \rfloor$. We also find denser packings than those in Nurmela and Ostergard for $n =$21, 28, 34, 40, 43, 44, 45, and 47. In addition, we produce what we conjecture to be optimal packings for $n =$51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 60, and 61. Finally, for each identified sequence $n(1), n(2),. n(k),. $ which corresponds to some specific repeated pattern, we identify a threshold index $k_0$, for which the packing appears to be optimal for $k \le k_0$, but for which the packing is not optimal (or does not exist) for $k > k_0$.
Auswirkung von therapeutischer Hypothermie sowie der pharmokologischen Postkonditionierung auf die Myokardfunktion, den Myokardschaden sowie der Infiltration von Immunzellen und die Apoptose nach einem Herz-Kreislaufstillstand

Die Arbeit zeigt die positiven Auswirkungen der milden therapeutischen Hypothermie sowie der milden therapeutischen Hypothermie in Verbindung mit der pharmakologischen Postkonditionierung (Sevofluran) auf die Myokardfunktion, den Myokardschaden sowie die Infiltration von Immunzellen und die Apoptose nach einen akuten Koronarsyndrom, einem nachfolgenden Herzkreislaufstillstand sowie einer erfolgreichen Reanimation in der darauffolgenden Postreanimationsphase.
Researches on Land Resources Data Mining Technology based on Multi-grids

The traditional land-use statistics based on administrative districts can not represent the spatial differences of land-use composition entirely. By introducing spatial hierarchy and non-spatial hierarchy the Statistical Information Grid-Based method is extended then it can manage and analyze land-use statistics in virtue of a kind of multi-grid data structure. Using a part of TM images of Wuhan district some experiments are carried out: the creation of quaternary breakdown multi-grids according to the complexity of land-use structure and the landscape diversity which can be figured out by TM image; the simulation of administrative borderline using grid cells; the computation and representation of the spatial difference in cultivated land per capita of the district, these experiments indicate land-use statistics based on multi-grids can show the spatial differences of land-use composition better and make for the land resources data-mining to achieve knowledge needed.
Predictive coding of auditory and contextual information in early visual cortex - evidence from layer specific fMRI brain reading.

David Mumford (1991) proposed a role for reciprocal topographic cortical pathways in which higher areas send abstract predictions of the world to lower cortical areas. At lower cortical areas, top-down predictions are then compared to the incoming sensory stimulation. One question that arises within this framework is the following: Do descending predictions remain abstract, or do they translate into concrete level predictions, the 'language' of lower visual areas? We have exploited a strategy in which feedforward information is blocked or absent in parts of visual cortex: i.e. along the non-stimulated apparent motion path, behind a white square that we used to occlude natural visual scenes, or by blindfolding our subjects (Muckli & Petro 2013). By presenting visual illusions, contextual scene information, or by playing sounds, we were able to capture feedback signals to non-feedforwardly-stimulated areas of visual cortex. MVPA analysis of the feedback signals reveals that they are more abstract than the feedforward signal. Furthermore, using high resolution MRI, we found that feedback is sent to the outer cortical layers of V1. We also show that feedback to V1 is induced even by auditory information processing (Vetter, Smith & Muckli 2014). Auditory-induced feedback is especially strong in the periphery of V1, and contains abstract categorical information. I argue that these feedback signals function to provide abstract predictions, i.e. priors in a Bayesian framework, biasing future processing already at an early processing stage of V1. Mumford (1991) On the computational architecture of the neocortex - the role of the thalamocortical loop. Biol Cybernetics Muckli & Petro (2013) Network interactions: non-geniculate input to V1. Curr Opin Neurobiol. Vetter, Smith & Muckli (2014) Decoding Sound and Imagery Content in Early Visual Cortex. Current Biology Clark (2013) Whatever Next? Predictive Brains, Situated Agents, and the Future of Cognitive Science. Behav Brain Sci Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2015.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Candida albicans: biofilm formation, filamentation and gene expression

Objective: The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtilis on Candida albicans biofilm formation and filamentation by evaluating the gene expression of ALS3, HWP1, BCR1, EFG1 and TEC1. Material and Methods: Mixed (C. albicans / B.subtilis) and monotypic biofilms were cultured in plates at 37°C for 48 h under shaking for counting viable cells (CFU / mL) and analysis of gene expression by real-time PCR. The C. albicans filamentation assay was performed in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C for 6 hours. Data was analysed by t-Student and Mann– Whitney tests. Results: B. subtilis reduced the biofilm formation of C. albicans in 1 log when cultured in the same environment (p<0.0001). In addition, it significantly reduced the yeast -hypha transition affecting the morphology of C. albicans. Among all of the analyzed genes, the ALS3 and HWP1 genes were the most affected, achieving 111.1- and 333.3- fold decreases in the C. albicans biofilms associated with B. subtilis, respectively. Conclusion: B. subtilis reduced the biofilm formation and filamentation of C. albicans by negatively regulating the ALS3, HWP1, BCR1, EFG1 and TEC1 genes that are essential for the production of biofilm and hyphae.KeywordsBacillus subtilis; Candida albicans; Biofilm; Filamentation; Gene expression.
Hypnotic analgesia, placebo analgesia, and ischemic pain: the effects of contextual variables.

Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada In two experiments we examined the relation between hypnotic and placebo analgesia using isch- emic pain. The first experiment examined an artifact in a previously used ischemic pain stimulus. Experiment 2 investigated the relation between hypnotic and placebo analgesia using a submaxi- mum effort tourniquet technique to produce ischemic pain. High- and low-susceptible subjects re- ceived hypnotic and placebo analgesia in counterbalanced order. High-susceptible subjects who re- ceived placebo analgesia followed on a subsequent trial by hypnotic analgesia showed significant increases in tolerance from placebo to hypnotic analgesia. When presented in the reverse order, however, placebo analgesia and hypnotic analgesia led to equivalent levels of tolerance in both high- and low-susceptible subjects. A similar pattern of findings emerged for subjects' magnitude estimates of pain, but it was not related to hypnotic susceptibility. These findings indicate that both hypnotic and placebo analgesia may be contextually dependent phenomena. One of the oldest and most consistently cited explanations for the placebo effect equates placebo analgesia with