Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Postoperative Shivering With RemifentanilPropofol Intravenous Anesthesia in Ambulatory Gynecologic Procedures: The Relationship With Intraoperative Core Body Temperature

ObjectivesPostanesthesia shivering (PAS) is a frequent side effect of general anesthesia and one of the leading causes of patients’ discomfort after recovery from anesthesia, especially in an ambulatory setting. Remifentanil is reported to have an increased incidence of PAS compared to other analgesics maybe due to several ways that are unrelated to the patient’s core body temperature variations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of remifentanil versus fentanyl on postoperative shivering and its relationship with intraoperative hypothermia.Materials and MethodsAccordingly, 100 patients scheduled for outpatient gynecologic procedures were studied in two randomly assigned groups. All patients received total intravenous anesthesia for induction and maintenance with remifentanil-propofol and fentanyl-propofol in remifentanil and fentanyl groups, respectively. The incidence and severity of shivering, as well as core body temperature, hemodynamic variations, and probable postoperative complications were evaluated and recorded based on the aim of the study.ResultsBased on the results, there were no significant differences in demographic data. On the other hand, the incidence and severity of shivering were significantly higher in the remifentanil group compared to the fentanyl group (P 0.05). Finally, no significant difference was observed in hemodynamic changes and other postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). ConclusionsIn general, remifentanil is a very short-acting and safe opioid for ambulatory procedures. However, it is associated with a higher incidence and severity of shivering as compared to other opioids unrelated to intraoperative hypothermia. Thus it must be noted that some strategies are needed to prevent this complication.
adivation of phospholipase Az via GTP- binding proteins: arachidonic acid and its metabolites as second messengers

GTP-binding (G) proteins transduce receptor-mediated signals for a variety of effector systems (adenylate cyclase, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, ion chan- nels and phospholipase C). This review describes another effector system that is linked to a G protein - phoepholipase A2. Upon activation of phospholipase ,42 by a receptor-coupled G protein, arachidonic acid and its numerous biologically active metabolites are gener- ated. Arachidonic acid as well as some of the arachi- donate metabolites can act as first and second messen- gers. In some cases, arachidonate and its metabolites interact with other transducing systems to modulate or amplify their signals. Neurotransmitters, hormones and other ligands con- vey specific messages to cells via receptors linked to membrane-bound, signal-transducing GTP-binding proteins (G or N proteins) 1'2. The G proteins are in turn linked to membrane-associated effector systems that generate second messengers capable of eliciting the biological responses characteristic of that cell. These signal-transducing G proteins are heterotri- mers that respond to a ligand-activated receptor by dissociating into their component o~- and [3y-subunits upon exchange of GTP for the GDP bound to the a- subunit 1'2. The [3y-subunits do not appear to dissoci- ate, except under denaturing conditions. It is the dissociated, GTP-bound a-subunits of the G proteins that are the active effectors of intracellular regulatory proteins such as adenylate cyclase ~, cGMP phosphodiesterase 2 and certain voltage-sensitive ion channels 3. The a-subunits, with their high affinity GTP-binding sites, also have an intrinsic GTPase activity that converts GTP to GDP, thereby facilitat- ing the reassociation of the inactive a[3y heterotrimer and terminating the
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation in Rice

The progress of genetic transformation in rice was reviewed and the factors influencing Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated target gene in rice was analyzed through the procedure,which include Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and Vir gene activation,rice genotypes and medium types,infection time,co-culture patterns,co-culture time,marker gene and reporter gene selection,selection pressure,and finally the problems existing in genetic transformation in rice and countermeasures were pointed out.
Using Pollination Deficits to Infer Pollinator Declines: Can Theory Guide Us?

Dedication Introduction Issues Related to Pollination Deficits How are deficits measured? Empirical evidence for deficits Theoretical aspects of deficits Problems in assessing pollination deficits Nonlinear effects of pollinator visitation rate Putting pollination deficits into the context of plant life histories Does life-history evolution set up patterns that serve as signatures of pollinator decline? Elements of a Thorough Study of Pollination Deficits Suggestions for Future Research Responses to this Article Acknowledgments Literature Cited
Subcellular Localization of bc/-2 Protein

The bcl-2 oncogene is normally transiently expressed both in lymphoid and myeloid cells as well as in various epithelia (Hockenbery et al. 1991). It may have a function in the transition of dividing (precursor) cells to mitotically inactive and relatively longliving daughter cells (Vaux et aI., 1988, Nunez et al. 1991). The protein acts through protection against programmed cell death (apoptosis). Deregulation by the t(14; 18) translocation in lymphoid malignancies induces inappropriate cell survival and serves as one of the steps towards a fully malignant behaviour. The bcl-2 gene encodes two proteins, bcl-2cx. and bcl-2B. The bcl-2cx. protein consists of 239 aminoacids (26kD) and is most abundantly present in lymphoid cells. The bcl-2B protein consists of 205 aminoacids (22 kD). The two forms are identical except for their carboxy terminus (Tsujimoto and Croce, 1986). Protein structure analysis suggests that the bcl-2cx. protein has a hydrophobic carboxy-terminal membrane-spanning motif and a hydrophilic domain extending only at the cytoplasmic surface (Chen-levy et al. 1989; Tsujimoto et al. 1987). Membrane separation techniques and immuno-precipitation have been used by several groups to study the detailed localization of the protein within the cell. A relation to mitochondrial inner membranes was found by Hockenbery et aI. , while others demonstrated bcl-2cx. protein in the separated membrane fractions containing nuclear envelope, plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of t(14;18} translocated cells (Tsujimoto et al. 1987; Chen-levy et al. 1989; Hockenbery et al. 1990).
EVALUATION OF RENAL EPITHELIAL CELL PROTEIN UNDER STRESS CONDITION

Objective: Proteins are an important component of cells which are involved in various cellular functions. Different kind of stressing conditions has different responses in the components of the protein synthesis system. Super saturation condition in kidney environment leads to crystallization process. Crystals thus formed injure the surrounding cells and result in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. There might be some changes in the protein synthesis when the kidney cells enter in oxidative stress. In the present study, kidney cell lines were exposed to oxidative stress and their proteins were analyzed using Bradford analysis and SDS-PAGE. Methods: Vero cells were obtained from NCCS Pune and cultured in DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium) and maintained in a humidified incubator at 37 °C with 5% CO 2. Calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals were prepared by the homogeneous system. After FTIR analysis crystals were used to injure Vero cell line. H 2 O 2 was also used to injure the Vero cells. Intracellular protein was extracted from healthy cells and injured cells (with CaP crystals and H 2 O 2 ). Ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used for the isolation of extracellular protein from the media of healthy and injured cells. Bradford method was used for the quantitative estimation of protein. Extracted proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Results: Amount of intracellular and extracellular protein of normal cells was 4.84±0. 004µg/ml. Intracellular protein of CaP injured and H 2 O 2 injured cells were 10.59±0.003 µg/ml and 10.78±0. 011µg/ml respectively. While extracellular protein of injured cells was nearly 4 µg/ml. Intracellular protein bands ranging from 14.3 to 97.4 kDa was observed in healthy cells. Protein bands of ~40kDa and ~20kDa was absent in H 2 O 2 and CaP injured intracellular protein extract. Two extracellular protein bands of 66kDa and ~60kDa were present in injured cells and healthy cells. Conclusion: When exposed to oxidative stress several proteins are oxidized decreasing the activity of many metabolic pathways. In the present study amount of intracellular protein increases when cells are injured with CaP or H 2 O 2. While extracellular protein remains more or less same in both healthy and injured condition of cells. In SDS-PAGE analysis few bands were missing in the intracellular extract of injured cells. These results indicate that the amount of protein varies when cells are injured with CaP and H 2 O 2.
ฤทธ์ิต้านเช้ือรา CANDIDA ALBICANS ของสารสกดัจากข่าเลก็ ALPINIA OFFICINARUM HANCE

IN THAI . I ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH . II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . IV CONTENTS . V LIST OF TABLES . IX LIST OF SCHEME . X LIST OF FIGURES . XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XIIIIN ENGLISH . II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . IV CONTENTS . V LIST OF TABLES . IX LIST OF SCHEME . X LIST OF FIGURES . XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XIII
S-033447/S-033188, a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor of Cap-Dependent Endonuclease of Influenza A and B Virus: In Vitro Antiviral Activity Against Clinical Strains

In this study, we tested clinically isolated influenza virus A and B strains that were collected from hospitals in Japan between 2006 and 2014. The geographical and temporal distribution of the viral strains are shown in Figure 2 and Table 1. EC50 values of S-033447 in plaque reduction assay ranged from 0.20 to 0.99 nM for type A and from 4.01 to 11.26 nM for type B, which were typically at least three orders of magnitude lower than those of favipiravir (Figure 3). EC90 values of S-033447 in yield reduction assay ranged from 0.63 to 0.95 nM for type A and from 6.10 to 6.48 nM for type B, which were typically at least three orders of magnitude lower than that of favipiravir (Table 2). No potency shift was observed for S-033447 against virus with NA/H274Y substitution in both assays. These results indicated that S-033447 achieved potent inhibition of influenza viral replication at low nanomolar concentrations. Table 2: EC90 (nM) values of S-033447 and favipiravir against clinically isolated influenza A and B viruses in yield reduction assay
Oxidative Stress and Parkinson’s Disease: Effects on Environmental Toxicology

Epidemiological studies have found an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with environmental factors such as exposure to substances derived from industrial processes, use of agrochemicals, or living in a rural environment. The hypothesis that certain environmental toxins could be the source of the EP is supported by the discovery that chemicals such as herbicides paraquat, diquat, and the fungicide maneb are selectively toxic in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Also, one of the insecticides produced by plants, such as rotenone, and by-product of the synthesis of synthetic heroin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) can be reproduced in animal models where neurochemicals, histopathological, and clinical characteristic of PD can be found. Interestingly, there are similarities in the chemical structure of paraquat and MPTP. Recent evidence exhibited that inflammation and oxidative stress play an essential role in the development of PD. So, in our laboratory we found that in an animal model melatonin decreases the products of lipid oxidation, nitric oxide metabolites, and the activity of cyclooxygenase 2, which are induced by an intraperi-toneal injection of MPTP. This suggests that the neuroprotective effects of melatonin are partially attributed to its antioxidant scavenging and anti-inflammatory action. to aggregate. This protein is present in Lewy bodies and the formation of aggregates is associated with increased oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and cell death. which greatly improved their symptoms. Over the next 3.5 years, the patient responded transiently to treatment with carbidopa less/L-dopa and bromocriptine; however, his condition progressed to severe parkinsonism immobility and a significant hypophonia and died. Neuropathological analysis of this patient showed similar findings to those found in the brains of those patients studied from California. Besides, large amounts of extraneuronal melanin were found indicating a progressive death of nerve cells in response to a brief temporary aggression the nigrostriatal system. The above data show that the acute phase of parkinsonian syndrome is completed within a few days after administration of MPTP; however, neurodegeneration caused by MPTP silently continue for several years or even decades [61, 62]. From a neurochemical point of view there is a great similarity between the MPTP-induced parkinsonism and PD. The neurotoxic action of MPTP involving dopaminergic transmission produces a variety of neurochemical changes: (1) decrease in the concentration of dopamine and its metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid), (2) decrease activity of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, and (3) alteration in the density of dopamine receptors.
CORROSION INHIBITION ALLOY 5083 BY LAWSON

The effect of immersion period and inhibitor concentration were studied through immersion test and characterized by optical, gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. Gravimetric and electrochemical measurements show an increasing trend of inhibition efficiency up to 1200 hours and exhibit a decrease trend afterwards. The highest inhibition efficiency was found to be at 93 concentration of 600 ppm. deteriorated based on the assumption that desorption of inhibitor has started due to electrostatic repulsion and the remaining inhibitors in the system have likely to form natural aggregate which resulting in the decrease of the inhibition efficiency. follows the Langmuir ads Quantum chemical calculation sites for adsorption to occur due to their more negative Mülliken charge which provide a better tendency of O to be an
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Isolation and Culture from Mouse Aorta

[Abstract] Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the ascending thoracic aorta arise from neural crest cells, whereas SMCs in the descending aorta are derived from the presomitic mesoderm. SMCs play important roles in cardiovascular development and aortic aneurysm formation. This protocol describes the detailed process for explanting ascending and descending SMCs from mouse aortic tissue. Conditions for maintenance and subculture of isolated SMCs and characterization of the vascular SMC phenotype are also described.
Analysis of bacterial diversity and community structure in forest soils contaminated with fuel hydrocarbon

Oil spill was found in 1999 from a diesel storage facility located near the top of Baekun Mountain in Uiwang City. Application of bioremediation techniques was very relevant in removing oil spills in this site, because the geological condition was not amenable for other onsite remediation techniques. For efficient bioremediation, bacterial communities of the contaminated site and the uncontaminated control site were compared using both molecular and cultivation techniques. Soil bacterial populations were observed to be stimulated to grow in the soils contaminated with diesel hydrocarbon, whereas fungal and actinomycetes populations were decreased by diesel contamination. Most of the diesel-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated forest soils were strains of Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Rhodococcus species. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed that the profiles were different among the three contaminated sites, whereas those of the control sites were identical to each other. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences of dominant isolates and clones showed that the bacterial community was less diverse in the oil-contaminated site than at the control site. Sequence analysis of the alkane hydroxylase genes cloned from soil microbial DNAs indicated that their diversity and distribution were different between the contaminated site and the control site. The results indicated that diesel contamination exerted a strong selection on the indigenous microbial community in the contaminated site, leading to predominance of well-adapted microorganisms in concurrence with decrease of microbial diversity.
Determinate laying and egg attendance in Common Eiders

Egg laying, egg attendance by females, and egg loss were studied in the Common Eider Somateria mollissima. Clutch size fixation appeared to occur before the first egg was laid (determinate laying). Intervals between the laying of eggs were usually about 24 h. Permanent egg attendance started before clutch completion (4 to 6 eggs), usually from the second egg on, and was independent of the actual number of eggs in the nest and final clutch size. Egg loss during inattentive periods was 80 times higher than during attendance. Spontaneous breaks in incubation occurred at intervals of 1-3 days, but sometimes a female left 2 or 3 times a day. Breaks were used for drinking and lasted between a few min and 2.5 h. Females left most frequently in the first few hours after sunset. The ducklings hatched nearly synchronously except the last egg, which hatched on average 8 h later than the others. Early egg attendance, fasting during incubation, and leaves during night hours will have evolved for clutch protection.
Population dynamics of the chrysomelid leaf beetle Chrysophtharta agricola (Chapuis), a pest of Eucalyptus nitens plantations in Tasmania

The phenology of the southern eucalypt leaf beetle, Chrysophtharta agricola, was assessed at three Eucalyptus nitens plantations in Tasmania: Florentine Valley, Frankford and Blue Gum Knob. Five branches were sampled from each of 20 trees at each site every two weeks for three summer seasons between November 1999 and March 2000, between October 2000 and March 2001, and at two of these sites between October 2001 and March 2002. On each occasion, the numbers of egg batches, larvae of each instar, and adults were recorded from each branch. Adults were collected and dissected in the laboratory to ascertain their reproductive maturity, mated status and sex ratio. Egg-to-fi nal instar mortality was estimated, and natural enemies present in the plantations were recorded. Beetles fi rst appeared in the fi eld in mid to late October and laid eggs between early November and February. Overall, larval populations peaked in December, and egg-to-fourth instar mortality ranged from 85 to 100%. Newly emerged adults were present in plantations between January and March/April. Sex ratios of parent and new generation adults were rarely female biased. Peak defoliation scores coincided with late larval instars at Florentine Valley and with newly emerged adults at Frankford. Defoliation at Florentine Valley peaked at about 30% of current season’s growth removed, while at Frankford the average peak defoliation represented about 50% of current season’s growth removed. Spatial analyses indicated that C. agricola life stages were randomly distributed throughout plantations.
FATE OF BACILLUS CEREUS IN CULTURED AND DIRECT ACIDIFIED SKIMMILK AND CHEDDAR CHEESE1

Germination, growth, sporulation, and. survival of Bacillus cereus 7 was determined in cultured (Streptococcus lactis C10) and direct acidified (lactic acid) skimmilks. For cultured systems, B. cereus increased initially at approximately the same rate in milks with or without streptococci. However, as the acidity of the milk increased, vegetative B. cereus cells failed to survive but spore counts remained unchanged. B. cereus organisms did not influence acid production or multiplication of the lactic streptococci. In direct acidified skimmilk, spore germination and outgrowth and vegetative cell multiplication decreased as the pH of the system was lowered from 6.5 to 5.0. In skimmilk at pH 5.0, vegetative cells failed to multiply and spore germination ceased. In Cheddar cheese manufacture, B. cereus multiplied rapidly during the period from the end of cooking to milling of the curd. B. cereus survived in the spore state in Cheddar cheese during 52 weeks curing.
Phospholipase A2 isolated from the venom of honey bees prevents viral attachment in mammalian cells

The belief that honey bee venom (BV) can be used to treat certain immune-related diseases, such as arthritis and rheumatic conditions, goes back to antiquity. A growing number of reports have demonstrated that BV contains at least 18 pharmacologically active components, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Recent research has shown that bee venom PLA2 (bvPLA2) induces protective immune responses against several diseases including asthma, Parkinson’s disease, and drug-induced organ inflammation. However, the antiviral properties of bvPLA2 have not been well investigated. Hence, we examined the potential inhibitory effects of bvPLA2 and its possible mechanism of action against a broad panel of pathogenic viruses in vitro. Pre-treatment with bvPLA2 significantly inhibited the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), coxsackie virus (H3), enterovirus-71 (EV-71), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Adenovirus (AdV) dramatically. However, bvPLA2 did not show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (PR8) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Such inhibitory effects were explained by blocking of the attachment of the virus to cells upon bvPLA2 treatment. Additionally, we observed that Heparan sulfate (HS) has an inhibitory effect on the attachment of HSV to the cell surface dose dependently, which was inconsistent with bvPLA2 treatment. These findings suggest that bvPLA2 has an inhibitory effect on the replication of diverse viruses by blocking their attachment to the cell surface and could be a promising source of natural antiviral agents.
Human genome editing

research on genome editing in plant and animal breeding as well as in human medicine. With regard to the potential application of human germline genome editing, an intense scientific and, to some extent, broader public controversy has developed – culminating in the reactions to the clinical experiments in China that became public in November 2018. In this context, basic biomedical and moral objections to such transgenerational genome modifications are being discussed. In contrast, the discussion on somatic gene therapy using genome editing focuses on the hopes of improving and expanding gene therapy options. For both somatic applications and germline interventions, there is also a need to consider the safety of application, i. e. the precision and the predictability of undesirable side effects.
Effects of rotenone on oviposition and feeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Effects of rotenone on oviposition and feeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope were investigated in the laboratory. The results showed that rotenone strongly deterred the females from ovipositing and significantly inhibited the adults from feeding on the 1-2 year-old twigs. The higher the concentration of rotenone, the stronger the deterrent rate of oviposition and the antifeedant rate. At the concentration of 1 000 mg/L, the deterrent rate of oviposition was 75.63%,and the selective and non-selective antifeedant rate were 72.91 % and 69.50 % respectively. The contact toxicity of rotenone against 5 instar larvae was not strong. So it is concluded that rotenone can decrease the spreading of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by inhibiting feeding behavior of M. alternatus and detract the density of population by deterring the females from ovipositing.