Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of malnutrition and hyperalimentation on wound healing.

: The effects of malnutrition and hyperalimentation on wound healing were studied in rats. Progressive weight loss occurred in rats given a protein-free diet, and there was a significant reduction in the mechanical strength of sutured skin and abdominal wounds in rats starved of protein for seven weeks. There was also a significant, but less pronounced, reduction in the tensile strength of colonic anastomoses in severely malnourished rats. Malnourished rats given oral supplements of amino acids for seven days before and after operation had a consistently positive nitrogen balance, and these rats had a significantly higher daily caloric intake than did untreated and normal rats. Amino acid therapy was associated with a significant improvement in the tensile strength and collagen content of abdominal wounds, but it had no measurable effect on the healing of skin wounds or colonic anastomoses. The results suggest that visceral and parietal tissues do not respond in a uniform manner to malnutrition or hyperalimentation, and further studies are required to determine whether or not hyperalimentation has a useful role in the enhancement of wound healing in malnourished subjects.
Increased cancer risk in canine radiation chimeras

The present study analyzes the cancer risk in marrow graft recipients (chimeras) in a canine model that has been used to study many of the principles of marrow transplantation that have been applied to man. Specifically, the cancer incidence among 108 radiation chimeras and 15 chemotherapy chimeras observed from 6 to 121 mo is compared to that amoung 215 normal dogs observed for similar periods of time.
Family group conferencing in Australia 15 years on

Family group conferences were first legislated for in New Zealand in 1989 and since that time have captured the imagination of professionals and academics with their capacity to involve families and communities in a collaborative approach to child welfare concerns. Child protection systems in Australia, as in many other countries, have subsequently introduced conferencing programs. The first trial in Australia was initiated in Victoria in 1992 by a non-government agency (Ban, 1996), and trials in other states soon followed. Fifteen years later, a question worth asking is to what extent has conferencing become part of child protection practice in Australia’s states and territories.
The Prevalence of Cervico-Vaginal Human Papilloma Virus in Women Visiting the Gynaecological Department of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer and it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various tumours and clinical entities. HPV infections are acquired through skin abrasions, sexual intercourse and during passage through an infected birth canal. It is clearly known that cervical HPV infection is sexually transmitted. HPV prevalence is high in young, sexually active women with a peak incidence in the age group 15-25 years. In elderly women, HPV prevalence shows a decline, and this is probably due to fewer sexual partners as well as immunity acquired as a result of previous infections. The prevalence is also directly related to the number of sexual partners, and any recent change in sexual partners. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and an estimated 371,000 cases are diagnosed annually worldwide. It has an estimated mortality of 231,000 cases annually with more than 80% occurring in developing countries particularly tropical Africa. To our knowledge, in Ghana, there is no current available data on the prevalence of HPV infection. The current research into vaccine development gives an urgent need to determine the prevalence of HPV infections and the types that infect Ghanaian women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection in Ghanaian women visiting the Gynaecological department of the Korle-Bu teaching hospital. The study was conducted at the Departments of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Microbiology of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana between April and December 2002. The first 75 patients who visited the clinic and met the inclusion criteria of the study were recruited into the study. Following informed consent, a structured questionnaire on personal information, sexual behavior, lifestyle and knowledge about cervical cancer University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug. edu.gh
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlations Between Fatigue and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

The correlation between fatigue and cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis (MS) is well reported, but the intimate mechanisms of the fatigue impact on cognition are not fully defined yet. The aim of this study is to investigate blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) activations in relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients with and without cognitive dysfunction and the impact of fatigue on cortical activations. Forty-two patients with RRMS were enrolled in the study. Cognitive functioning was assessed by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and Paced Serial Addition Test (PASAT). A cutoff point of a total score of 55 on the SDMT was used to divide the patients into two groups: cognitively impaired (CI), SDMT score equal to or below 55 points, and cognitively preserved (CP), SMDT score above 55 points. Fatigue was assessed by the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Participants were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) prior to inclusion in order to exclude major depressive episode. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning was performed on a 3T MRI. The PVSAT (Paced Visual Serial Addition Test) paradigm was applied as a cognitive task. All functional data were analyzed with SPM12 and statistical analysis with SPSS 19.0. No statistically significant differences between CI and CP patients were found (p=0.953, p=0.322) in the MFIS and BDI score. Performance on the PASAT in CI patients was 34.07±13.721, for CP patients 46.42±11.453, and the SDMT performance in the CI patient group was 42.40±9.179, in the CP group 57.83±2.552. Between-group analysis revealed increased activations in left Brodmann area (BA) 40 in CP patients with several clusters located in the left supramarginal gyrus. Regression analysis showed increased BOLD signal in left BA 40, right BA 40, and left BA 6, associated with a higher score on MFIS. Stronger BOLD signal in left BA 31 was associated with a lower score on MFIS. Significance level was set to p<0.05, FWE (family-wise error) corrected. The differences in BOLD activations suggest the presence of cortical reorganization in our CP patients. The impact of fatigue on cortical activation during a cognitive task is demonstrated by inconformity of activated areas depending on the MFIS score. Our results suggest that activation in BA 40 may represent a mechanism for diminishing fatigue impact on cognitive functioning in CP patients.
The role of interleukin-6 in intracellular signal transduction after chronic β-adrenergic stimulation in mouse myocardium

Introduction Inflammatory mediators play an important role in development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Both adrenergic stimulation and high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) indicate an unfavorable outcome in patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure. Understanding the interaction between β-adrenergic stimulation and IL-6 in the myocardium may contribute to developing more effective treatments. The aim of this study was to verify the role of IL-6 in the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation in activating selected intracellular signaling pathways in mouse myocardium. Material and methods Experiments were performed on 12-week-old male mice: 16 C57BL/6JIL6‑/‑TMKopf (IL-6 KO) and 17 C57BL/6J (WT). Animals received intraperitoneal injections of isoproterenol (ISO, 50 mg/kg) or placebo (0.9% NaCl) once a day for 16 days. The phosphorylation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), ERK1/2 (extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2), Akt1/2/3, p-38, c-Raf and expression of SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3), PIAS1/3 (protein inhibitors of activated STAT) was assessed by western blotting in the myocardium 24 h after the last injection. Evaluation of gene expression downstream of these pathways was performed by real-time PCR. Results Chronic ISO treatment leads to increased fibrosis of the myocardium in mice lacking IL-6, which is accompanied by increased activity of ERK1/2, p38 and reduced expression of SOCS3. Administration of ISO in IL-6 KO animals intensified gene expression of proteins activated by MAPK/ERK (myc; CEBPB; BMP4; Fasn; Tank), while it reduced expression of genes repressed by ERK 1/2 (Wisp1, Wnt1). Conclusions IL-6 plays an important role in regulating the activation of MAPK pathways in the mouse myocardium in response to chronic β-adrenergic stimulation.
Epidemiology and rehabilitation of retinopathy of prematurity in the low vision Service

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the situation of retinopathy of prematurity, to determine the most common refractive disorders as well as the most used optical aids in visual rehabilitation and to evaluate the achieved visual outcomes. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted in patients with retinopathy of prematurity seen at the Low Vision Service of "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology in the 2005-2007 period. The study variables were sex, race, gestational age, birth weight, duration of oxygen, stage of retinopathy of prematurity, complications, treatment, optical aid, refractive disorders and visual outcomes. RESULTS: Our study found that retinopathy of prematurity was more frequent in males; race contributed the highest number of patients, the most relevant risk factors were prematurity under 32 weeks, low birth weight under 1 500g, respiratory distress and oxygen administration; the highest number of cases occurred in staging 3, the most frequent refractive defect was myopia, the most used optical aids were conventional correction (glasses) for far sight and microscopes for near sight. A high percentage of patients benefited from the low vision rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the high percentage of patients who benefit from low vision rehabilitation and confirmed the results achieved in other research studies. The conventional correction (standard glasses) was the most used optical aid for far distance sight. The microscope was the most representative optical aid for near sight in our study group.
Tumor-infiltrating platelets predict postoperative recurrence and survival in resectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

BACKGROUND Platelets have been reported to participate in tumor cell growth, extravasation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and drug resistance. However, the importance of platelets in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) lacks adequate literature support. The predictive value of tumor-infiltrating platelets (TIPs) in pNET remains unclear. AIM To investigate the relationship between TIPs and the prognosis of patients with pNET following radical resection. METHODS In total, 113 patients who had undergone radical surgical resection with a pathologic diagnosis of pNET were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis of cluster of differentiation 42b (CD42b) expression in the tumor specimens was performed to determine the presence of TIPs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the prognostic value of TIPs. RESULTS TIPs were observed in intratumoral areas in 54 patients. Neither basic characteristics nor preoperative platelet-associated indicators showed a significant relationship with the presence of TIPs (all P > 0.05). Patients with positive intratumoral CD42b expression had worse overall survival (P = 0.005) and recurrence-free survival (P < 0.001) than those with negative intratumoral CD42b expression. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TIPs were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P = 0.049) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.003). Nevertheless, platelet count, mean platelet volume, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were not associated with postoperative survival or recurrence in pNET patients (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION TIPs are a useful prognostic biomarker for patients with resectable pNET, and their detection represents a promising tool for pNET treatment strategy decisions.
Effect of cognitive behavior therapy combined with exercise intervention on the cognitive bias and coping styles of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common digestive system disease with a high incidence rate and is common in women. The cause of IBS remains unclear. Some studies have shown that mental and psychological diseases are independent risk factors for IBS. At present, the treatment of IBS is mainly symptomatic treatment. Clinically, doctors also use cognitive behavioral therapy to improve patients' cognitive ability to diseases and clinical symptoms. In recent years, exercise therapy has attracted more and more attention from scholars. Improving the symptoms of IBS patients through psychosomatic treatment strategy may be a good treatment method. AIM To explore the effects of an intervention of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with exercise (CBT+E) on the cognitive bias and coping styles of patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D); and to provide a theoretical reference for the management of IBS. METHODS Sixty IBS-D patients and thirty healthy subjects were selected. The 60 IBS-D patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was treated with the CBT+E intervention, while the control group was treated with conventional drugs without any additional intervention. The cognitive bias and coping styles of the participants were evaluated at baseline and after 6 wk, 12 wk and 24 wk using the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS) and Pain Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ) instruments, and the intervention effect was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. RESULTS At baseline, the scores on the various scales showed that all subjects had cognitive bias and adverse coping styles. The IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) scores, ATQ total scores, DAS scores and CSQ scores of the two groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Compared with baseline, after 6 wk of the CBT+E intervention, there were significant differences in the ATQ scores, the dependence and total scores on the DAS, and the catastrophization, distraction and prayer scores on the CSQ (P < 0.05). After 12 wk, there were significant differences in the scores for perfectionism on the DAS and in the scores for reinterpretation, neglect and pain behavior on the CSQ in the experimental group (P < 0.05). After 24 wk, there were significant differences in the vulnerability, dependence, perfectionism, and total scores on the DAS and in the catastrophization, distraction and prayer scores on the CSQ in the experimental group (P < 0.01). The IBS-SSS scores were negatively correlated with the ATQ and DAS total scores (P < 0.05) but were positively correlated with the CSQ total score (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Intervention consisting of CBT+E can correct the cognitive bias of IBS-D patients and eliminate their adverse coping conditions. CBT+E should be promoted for IBS and psychosomatic diseases.
How about the reporting quality of case reports in nursing field?

BACKGROUND As a significantly important part of clinical practice, the professional nursing process can be advanced in many ways. Despite the fact that case reports are regarded to be of a lower quality grade in the hierarchy of evidence, one of the principles of evidence-based medicine is that decision-making should be based on a systematic summary of evidence. However, the evidence on the reporting characteristics of case reports in the nursing field is deficient. AIM To use the CARE guidelines to assess reporting quality and factors influencing the quality of case reports in the nursing field. METHODS Nursing science citation indexed (SCI-indexed) journals were identified from the professional website. Each of the identified journals was searched on their website for articles published before December 2017. Twenty-one sub-items on the CARE checklist were recorded as “YES”, “PARTLY”, or “NO” according to information reported by the included studies. The responses were assigned corresponding scores of 1, 0.5, and 0, respectively. The overall score was the sum of the 21 sub-items and was defined as “high” (more than 15), “medium” (10.5 to 14.5), and “low” (less than 10). The means, standard deviations, odds ratios (OR), and the associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined using Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS Ultimately, 184 case reports from 16 SCI-indexed journals were identified, with overall scores ranging from 6.5 to 18 (mean = 13.6 ± 2.3). Of the included case reports, 10.3% were regarded low-quality, 52.7% were considered middle-quality, and 37% were regarded high-quality. There were statistical differences in the mean overall scores of the included case reports with funding versus those without funding (14.2 ± 1.7 vs 13.6 ± 2.4, respectively; P = 0.4456) and journal impact factor < 1.8 versus impact factor ≥ 1.8 (13.3 ± 2.3 vs 13.6 ± 2.4, respectively; P = 0.4977). Five items from the CARE guidelines, 5a (Patient), 6 (Clinical findings), 8c (Diagnostic reasoning), 9 (Therapeutic intervention), and 11d (The main take-away lessons) were well-reported (Reporting rate more than 90%) in most of the included case reports. However, only three items, 2 (Keywords, OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.19-0.92, P = 0.03), 4 (Introduction, OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.15-0.83, P = 0.017), and 11b (The relevant medical literature, OR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.06-0.56, P = 0.003) were considered better-reported after the CARE guidelines published in 2013. CONCLUSION The reporting quality of case reports in the nursing field apparently has not improved since the publication of the CARE guidelines.
Observations on the Quantum Circuit of the SBox of AES

In this paper, we propose some improved quantum circuits to implement the Sbox of AES. Our improved quantum circuits are based on the following strategies. First, we try to find the minimum set of the intermediate variables that can be used to compute the 8-bit output of the Sbox. Second, we check whether some wires store intermediate variables and remain idle until the end. And we can reduce the number of qubit by reusing some certain wires. Third, we try to compute the output of the Sbox without ancillas qubits, because we do not need to be clean up the wires storing the output of the Sbox. This operation will reduce the number of Toffoli gates. Our first quantum circuit only needs 26 qubits and 46 Toffoli gates, while quantum circuit proposed by Langenberg et al. required 32 qubits and 55 Toffoli gates. Furthermore, we can also construct our second quantum circuit with 22 qubits and 60 Toffoli gates.
Impact of silicates and phyllosilicates on carbon/oxygen ratio

We introduce a fast and versatile computer code, GGchem, to determine the chemical composition of gases in thermo-chemical equilibrium down to 100 K, with or without equilibrium condensation. We review the data for molecular equilibrium constants, kp(T ), from several sources and discuss which functional fits are most suitable for low temperatures. We benchmark our results against another chemical equilibrium code. We collect Gibbs free energies, ∆G◦ − f , for about 200 solid and liquid species from the NIST-JANAF database and the geophysical database SUPCRTBL. We discuss the condensation sequence of the elements with solar abundances in phase equilibrium down to 100 K. Once the major magnesium silicates Mg2SiO4[s] and MgSiO3[s] have formed, the dust/gas mass ratio jumps to a value of about 0.0045 which is significantly lower than the often assumed value of 0.01. Silicate condensation is found to increase the carbon/oxygen ratio (C/O) in the gas from its solar value of ∼ 0.55 up to ∼ 0.71, and, by the additional intake of water and hydroxyl into the solid matrix, the formation of phyllosilicates at temperatures below ∼ 400 K increases the gaseous C/O further to about 0.83. Metallic tungsten (W) is the first condensate found to become thermodynamically stable around 1600− 2200 K (depending on pressure), several hundreds of Kelvin before subsequent materials like zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) or corundum (Al2O3) can condense. We briefly discuss whether tungsten, despite its low abundance of ∼ 2 × 10−7 times the silicon abundance, could provide the first seed particles for astrophysical dust formation. The GGchem code is publicly available at https://github.com/pw31/GGchem.
Coconut oil – a nutty idea?

The increasing popularity of edible coconut products, such as coconut oil and coconut water, is difficult to miss. Coconut oil, in particular, has been endorsed by celebrities and chefs for use in cooking and baking, with fashion models reportedly eating it in an attempt to speed up their metabolic rate (The Telegraph 2015a). According to leading market research providers Mintel, coconut oil in food and beverages accounted for 26% of food and drink new product launches in 2012, and one in ten 16–24 year-olds currently buys coconut oil (Mintel 2015). Whole Foods reportedly sold six tonnes of coconut oil across the UK in the month of February 2015 (The Telegraph 2015a). Recipe books, advertisements and some journal articles are claiming that coconut oil is a cure-all product that has weight reduction, cholesterol-lowering, wound healing and immune system, energy and memory-boosting effects and can be used to treat Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, thyroid conditions, diabetes, as well as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases (DebMandal & Mandal 2011; Positivemed.com 2015). Such claims have led to a significant amount of press coverage (The Independent 2014, 2015b, The Daily Mail 2015b; The Telegraph 2015a), comment from the scientific community (Cunningham 2011; DeDea 2012; Inayat et al. 2013; Varteresian & Lavretsky 2014) and the inclusion of coconut oil within food products as a perceived health-boosting ingredient, with companies using it as a unique selling point. Additionally, a recent story suggested that coconut oil produces fewer aldehydes than unsaturated oils when heated and is therefore better for health (The Telegraph 2015b), a claim that was based on unpublished data. As a beauty product, coconut oil has been advocated as being useful for frizzy hair, stretch marks, as a moisturiser and make-up remover. Swilling around the mouth has even been encouraged to prevent tooth decay (The Independent 2015b). Whilst topical use of coconut oil and indeed the consumption of coconut water [containing around 20 calories per 100 g and providing small quantities of micronutrients (USDA 2015)] are unlikely to be of concern for public health, high consumption of saturated fatty acid-laden coconut oil may well be. In America, for example, bigbrand food manufacturers have started selling fat spreads made with coconut oil (Foodnavigator.com 2015). Considering the widespread use of fat spreads as an everyday product, is this a good idea?