Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring(ESEM) was proposed in 2003 and proved in 2013 after 10-years' scientific demonstration. The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on. And coincide with the mission objectives, the satellite decides to use the Circular Sun Synchronous Orbit with an altitude of 507 km and descending node time at 14:00 LT. The payload assemble includes 8 instruments,Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occupation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter. According to the planned schedule, the satellite is due to be launched in 2016–2017 and will be onboard operated for 5 years.
Design and characterization of an ultrasonic lamb-wave power delivery system

In this paper, a novel design for an ultrasonic power transmission system designed for use in aircraft structural monitoring systems is described. The prototype system uses ultrasonic Lamb waves to carry energy along plates, such as those used in aircraft structures, and commercially available piezoelectric patch transducers as the transmitter and receiver. This sets it apart from other acoustic power transmission systems reported to date. The optimum configuration transmitted 12.7 mW of power across a distance of 54 cm in a 1.5-mm-thick aluminum plate, while being driven by a 20-Vpp, 35-kHz sinusoidal electric signal. This is in the same order of magnitude as the power required by the wireless sensors nodes of a structural health monitoring system currently being developed by Cardiff University and its partners. Thus, the power transmission system can be considered a viable component of the power source combination considered for the sensor nodes, which will also include vibration and thermal energy harvesting. The paper describes the design and optimization of the transmission and reception circuits with the use of inductive compensation. The use of laser vibrometry to characterize the transducers and to understand the signal propagation between them is also reported.
Sex differences in forearm vasoconstrictor response to voluntary apnea (1171.1)

Clinical evidence indicates that obstructive sleep apnea is more common and more severe in men compared to women. Sex differences in the vasoconstrictor response to hypoxemia‐induced sympathetic activation might contribute to this clinical observation. In the current laboratory study, we determined sex differences in the acute physiological responses to maximal voluntary end‐expiratory apnea (MVEEA) during wakefulness in healthy young subjects (ten women, nine men, 26 ± 1 yrs). In addition, we studied eight postmenopausal women (62 ± 2 yrs) to determine the effect of menopause status. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), brachial artery blood flow velocity (BBFV, Doppler ultrasound) and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC, laser Doppler flowmetry) were measured and changes in physiological parameters from baseline were compared between groups. The breath hold duration and oxygen saturation nadir were similar between groups. In response to MVEEA, young women had significantly less forearm vasoconstriction compared to young men (ΔBBFV: 2 ± 7 versus ‐25 ± 6% and ΔCVC: ‐5 ± 4 versus ‐31 ± 4 %) whereas ΔMAP (12 ± 2 versus 16 ± 3 mmHg) and ΔHR (4 ± 2 versus 6 ± 3 bpm) were comparable between groups. The attenuated forearm vasoconstriction in young women was not observed in postmenopausal women (ΔBBFV ‐21 ± 5%). We conclude that young women have blunted forearm vasoconstriction in response to MVEEA compared to young men and this effect is not evident in older postmenopausal women. These data suggest that female sex hormones dampen neurogenic vasoconstriction in response to apnea‐induced hypoxemia.
Essays on international trade and firm organization

This thesis analyses the impact of globalisation on the boundary of the firm and, in turn, how outsourcing policies have shaped the reallocation of labour across sectors. The first chapter ("Outsourcing and the Rise in Services") investigates the impact of out sourcing on sectoral reallocation in the U.S. over the period 1947-2007. Roughly 40% of the growth of the service sector comes from professional and business services, an industry highly specialized in the production of intermediates and where most of the service outsourcing activity is concentrated. As a result, business services have experienced an almost fourfold increase in their forward linkage, the largest change among all industries. I find that the overall change in input-output structure of the economy accounts for 33% of the increase in service employment, and business services outsourcing contributes almost half of that amount. The second chapter ("Exporting, Coordination Complexity, and Service Outsourcing") investigates the determinants of service outsourcing, and professional and business services in particular. Drawing on the insights of a model of the boundary of the firm based on adaptation costs and diminishing return to management, I argue that an increase in coordination complexity (e.g.: more inputs in the production process) leads firms to outsource a higher share of their total costs and to focus on their core competences. Since country-specific inputs are needed to export to a particular country (e.g.: a specific advertisement campaign), I proxy coordination complexity with the number of export destination markets and I find support for the theory using an extensive dataset of French firms. Over time, firms that export to more countries increase the amount of purchased business services; the finding is very strong and robust to size and many other determinants of outsourcing proposed in the literature. The firm-level evidence also contributes to opening the black box of fixed export costs and to establishing a new causal link between globalization and structural transformation exploiting plausibly exogenous demand shifters The third chapter ("Variety Growth, Welfare Gains and the Fall of the Iron Curtain") analyses two key issues in the literature of international trade: the welfare gains from trade and the estimation of the elasticity of substitution across goods. In particular I investigate the welfare gains coming from the increase in the number of varieties in the U.K. I find that the fall of the Iron Curtain and the expansion of trade with the countries of the former Soviet contribute for roughly 10% of the total gains. China, in comparison, accounts for 5% of the gains. The methodology is an improved version of the one proposed by Broda and Weinstein (2006) and Feenstra (1994), which is more robust to the definition of goods and to the classification used.
Automated Screening of Job Candidate Based on Multimodal Video Processing

The selection of adequate job candidates is very long and challenging process for each employer. The system presented in this paper is aiming to decrease the time for candidate selection on the pre-employment stage using automatic personality screening based on visual, audio and lexical cues from short video-clips. The system is build to predict candidate scores of 5 Big Personality Traits and to estimate a final decision, to which degree the person from video-clip has to be invited to the job interview. For each channel a set of relevant features is extracted, which are used to train separately from each other using Deep Learning. In the final stage all three results are fused together into final scores prediction. The experiment was conducted on first impression database and achieved significant performance.
Arterial Desaturation Syndrome Following Pleurodesis with Talc Slurry: Incidence, Clinical Features, and Outcome

The objectives were to define the incidence, risk factors, clinical features and outcome of arterial desaturation syndrome following talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusions. This retrospective, observational study took place at a tertiary care cancer center in New York. All patients were those with malignancy who underwent pleurodesis with talc in 1998 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Characteristics of patients are described by using summary statistics. Differences between groups were assessed with the Fisher's exact statistic for categorical variables and Student's t-test for continuous variables. Among patients who were considered to have arterial desaturation syndrome, we evaluated the relation of SaO2/FIO2 pre- and post-talc installation using a paired Student's t-test. During 1998, 120 patients underwent pleurodesis with talc, and 8 (7%) developed arterial desaturation following the procedure. Symptoms included chest pain, dyspnea, fever, and increased need for oxygen supplementation developed typically within 1 day. Three of the eight patients in this series required mechanical ventilation, but all recovered uneventfully after treatment, which included high-dose corticosteroids. Patients with breast and ovarian cancer appeared to be at increased risk for this complication compared to those patients with other types of cancer (p = 0.01). Approximately 7% of patients who have undergone sclerosis with talc for a malignant pleural effusion will develop arterial desaturation with clinically significant hypoxia requiring supplemental oxygen following the procedure. It appears that most patients recover from this complication and that those with breast and ovarian cancer may be at higher risk.
Towards a development of an index to measure pharmaceutical companies' online privacy practices

Consumers have begun to take a more proactive appro ch to their healthcare by accessing pharmaceutical companies Websites to obtain health and drug inform ation, support groups, rebates, coupons, as well as free drug trials. In exchange for these benefits, companies r equire consumers to voluntarily disclose informatio n. However, research has shown that consumers continue to be co ncerned about how their information is managed, use d, and distributed by companies, especially if accessed vi a the Web. To date, there has been limited empirica l esearch to examine the actual online practices of companies, e specially those of pharmaceutical companies. This w ork-inprogress research study will outline a research pla n to develop a benchmarking instrument to examine t he documented and actual online practices of 100 Websi t s of pharmaceutical companies. In this paper, we will provide empirical evidence regarding the magnitude of voluntary adherence to the Fair Information Prac tices by pharmaceutical companies. Second, we will propose t he development of an index to measure the personal information privacy violations of pharmaceutical co mpanies. We anticipate that our results can provide consumers with empirical evidence of how their information is managed and used by pharmaceutical companies. A hi gh magnitude of personal information privacy violation s could negatively impact consumers’ trust, concern s, and interactions with the Websites which could continue to constrain the growth of e-commerce.
Corticosterone Exposure during Embryonic Development Affects Offspring Growth and Sex Ratios in Opposing Directions in Two Lizard Species with Environmental Sex Determination

Stress experienced by a reproducing female can substantially affect the morphology, behavior, and physiology (and hence fitness) of her offspring. In addition, recent studies demonstrate that stress hormones (corticosterone) influence sex determination of embryos. To explore these issues, we manipulated corticosterone levels in eggs of two Australian lizard species (Amphibolurus muricatus and Bassiana duperreyi) that exhibit temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD). Elevated corticosterone levels during embryonic development affected body size, growth rates, and sex ratios of the resultant offspring, but the direction and magnitude of these effects differed between the species. Corticosterone enhanced growth rates of hatchling B. duperreyi but inhibited growth of A. muricatus. Eggs with elevated levels of corticosterone produced more daughters in A. muricatus and more sons in B. duperreyi. The sex‐ratio effect in A. muricatus may have been due to sex‐specific embryonic mortality, but it may represent a direct effect on sex determination in B. duperreyi (because embryonic mortality was not affected by corticosterone manipulation in this species). These results demonstrate the complexity of proximate mechanisms for sex determination among reptiles with TSD and illustrate the potential role of corticosterone in sex‐determining systems.
Cellular Signaling through Multifunctional Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II*

Ca 2 1 /CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-KII) 1 is a ubiqui-tously expressed protein kinase that transduces elevated Ca 2 1 signals in cells to a number of target proteins ranging from ion channels to transcriptional activators. CaM-KII has a unique ho- loenzyme structure and autoregulatory properties that allow it to give a prolonged response to transient Ca 2 1 signals and to sense cellular Ca 2 1 oscillations. In neurons CaM-KII is highly expressed and localized with certain subcellular structures. Upon activation it can translocate to excitatory synapses where it regulates a num- ber of proteins involved in synaptic transmission and its down-stream signaling pathways. Elevated intracellular free calcium (Ca 2 1 i ), in response to ago-nist stimulation or cell depolarization, is highly regulated and involves influx through voltage- and ligand-gated Ca 2 1 -permeable ion channels, release from intracellular stores through ryanodine-and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive channels, sequestration by Ca 2 1 pumps and exchangers, and signaling through specific Ca 2 1 transducer proteins (1). Changes in intracellular calcium can display variable responses ranging from highly localized, transient elevations within subcellular structures ( e.g. a dendritic spine of a neuron) to Ca 2 1 waves that spread throughout the cell including the nucleus. The most ubiquitous calcium-sensing protein is cal-modulin (CaM), which contains four “EF” hand motifs with high specificity for binding Ca 2 1 . The Ca 2 1 /CaM complex interacts with and modulates the functionality of a large number of proteins (2) including several Ser/Thr protein kinases (CaM-Ks). This review, which is part of a series on Ca 2 1 /CaM-dependent
ITALIAN DISTRICTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY

This paper presents descriptive evidence on the role of industrial districts in Italian exports. Recent data released by ISTAT allow to identify exports at the level of single industrial district. The paper first presents synthetically the main features of the Italian pattern of international specialisation. Then, the share of industrial districts in Italian exports is analysed both by sector and by the major industrial districts. In the final part, the paper surveys the results of the recent empirical literature on the performance of firms located in industrial districts. This group of firms is more profitable than those located outside the district not because of lower labour cost, but because of their higher efficiency.
Relevance of Non-Monetary Incentives in an Organization

Monetary Incentives form an important part of an employee’s life, but there are some things which money can’t buy. The main objective behind providing incentives is to motivate employee to provide best of his abilities. Incentives like flexible work hours, payroll or premium contributions, training, health savings or reimbursement accounts, or even paid sabbaticals are equally important. These are called Non monetary incentives. When organizations pay attention to non-monetary tools such as opportunity of increasing holiday and family benefits, the employee may perceive the organization as a supporting and caring organization. Rewards are important factors that explain certain job aspects that contribute significantly to the organization such as job satisfaction. The major objective of the study is examining the importance of non monetary incentives in an organization. The study is directed towards examining different dimensions of Non Monetary Incentives. Comparative study of monetary and non monetary incentives has been done which bring us to the conclusion that in order to bring “good work motivation” and not only “money motivation” different types non monetary incentives must be introduces in an organization. Non-monetary recognition can be very motivating, helping to build feelings of confidence and satisfaction.
Cooperation with universities and technological centres: is it really effective in improving firms' innovative performance?

This paper aims to analyse the role of cooperation with scientific and technological agents (universities, public research organizations, and technological centres) in industrial innovation, using a large-scale cross-industry sample of innovative manufacturing firms located in a technology follower country (Spain). The paper develops an integrated framework to examine: a) the factors that shape the propensity of firms to cooperate with universities and technological centres in their innovative activities; and b) the efficiency of cooperation with these agents on firms’ innovative performance. The results reveal that in the Spanish context the cooperation with scientific agents is motivated more by access to funds through participation in government sponsored programmes than by improving innovative capacities based on the integration of complementary knowledge from external agents. Thus, although Spanish firms tend to cooperate more with universities relative to other external agents, this cooperation does not seem to be oriented towards the development of key activities for their innovation processes.
Investigation of Time-Domain Locus of SiGe HBTs in the Avalanche Region by Using the X-Parameter Measurement Under Large-Signal Drive

In this letter, the high-frequency avalanche effects of silicon germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) on time-domain locus characteristics based on the X-parameter measurement are presented and analyzed by applying the concept of the dead space theory for the first time. The measured X-parameters of the SiGe HBTs are utilized to obtain the time-domain waveform under large-signal drive in the impact ionization region. Input locus of the SiGe HBTs operating in the avalanche regime presents negative slope when compared with the positive slope in the active region. The rotation direction of the transfer locus at breakdown is also investigated.
Who's afraid of big bad banks? Bank competition, SME, and industry growth

We test how bank market power influences technical change and resource allocation of informationally opaque firms. We use a dataset with approximately 700,000 firm-year observations of German small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) to identify the effect of bank market power using the dependence on external finance per industry and the regional demarcation of the German banking market. Market power generally spurs aggregate SME growth. Banks need to realize sufficient margins to generate useful private information. Bank market power spurs both technical change and reallocation of resources, but it reduces SME growth in industries that depend heavily on external finance.
Human frontal lobes are not relatively large

One of the most pervasive assumptions about human brain evolution is that it involved relative enlargement of the frontal lobes. We show that this assumption is without foundation. Analysis of five independent data sets using correctly scaled measures and phylogenetic methods reveals that the size of human frontal lobes, and of specific frontal regions, is as expected relative to the size of other brain structures. Recent claims for relative enlargement of human frontal white matter volume, and for relative enlargement shared by all great apes, seem to be mistaken. Furthermore, using a recently developed method for detecting shifts in evolutionary rates, we find that the rate of change in relative frontal cortex volume along the phylogenetic branch leading to humans was unremarkable and that other branches showed significantly faster rates of change. Although absolute and proportional frontal region size increased rapidly in humans, this change was tightly correlated with corresponding size increases in other areas and whole brain size, and with decreases in frontal neuron densities. The search for the neural basis of human cognitive uniqueness should therefore focus less on the frontal lobes in isolation and more on distributed neural networks.
DSM scheduling mechanism with pricing schemes using integer linear programming

In smart grid, residential consumers adopt different load scheduling methods to manage their power consumption with specific objectives. The conventional load scheduling methods includes direct load control and demand bidding. This paper proposes a residential scheduling algorithm. The scheduling model can be integrated with the home energy scheduler interconnected to the smart meter, which facilitates the flow of price and energy consumption information to and from the household premise. Price-based demand response is modeled through fixed pricing and dynamic pricing scheme. The objective of proposed scheduling algorithm is to achieve minimum energy consumption cost to obtain periodic load schedule. The proposed scheduling is capable of scheduling the required power consumption for appliances according to their individual power consumption pattern. The proposed objective is solved using linear integer programming. For validation purpose simulation results show that the scheduling algorithm can reflect change and impact users consumption behavior and accomplish the improved energy consumption profile.
Type 2 Monocyte and Microglia Differentiation Mediated by Glatiramer Acetate Therapy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis1

Glatiramer acetate (GA) therapy of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) represents a unique setting in which in vivo Th2 deviation of T cells is consistently observed and associated with clinical benefit in a human autoimmune disease. We postulated that APCs are important targets of GA therapy and demonstrate that treatment of MS patients with GA reciprocally regulates the IL-10/IL-12 cytokine network of monocytes in vivo. We further show that Th1- or Th2-polarized GA-reactive T cells isolated from untreated or treated MS patients mediate type 1 and 2 APC differentiation of human monocytes, based on their ability to efficiently induce subsequent Th1 and Th2 deviation of naive T cells, respectively. These observations are extended to human microglia, providing the first demonstration of type 2 differentiation of CNS-derived APCs. Finally, we confirm that the fundamental capacity of polarized T cells to reciprocally modulate APC function is not restricted to GA-reactive T cells, thereby defining a novel and dynamic positive feedback loop between human T cell and APC responses. In the context of MS, we propose that GA therapy results in the generation of type 2 APCs, contributing to Th2 deviation both in the periphery and in the CNS of MS patients. In addition to extending insights into the therapeutic mode of action of GA, our findings revisit the concept of bystander suppression and underscore the potential of APCs as attractive targets for therapeutic immune modulation.