Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of Application Performance to Resource Availability

Existing literature has extensively explored and analysed the effects of shared resource contention to improve system throughput and resource utilisation. Nevertheless, a systematic study varying different resource availabilities and examining their combined effect on the performance of an individual application has not been conducted earlier. In this paper, we perform global sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulations of three resource parameters – CPU availability, RAM availability and number of cores, and examine their effect on execution time of industry standard benchmark programs. In addition to understanding application performance sensitivity, our study also lends itself to identifying threshold levels of required resources, below which severe application performance degradation occurs.
The regulation of immobile housing assets under divided ownership 1 1 We would like to thank Richard

The paper analyses a particular type of housing arrangement between owner of a housing unit and owner of the land on which it is sited, where the unit is partially or totally immobile. While the focus is on mobile-home parks, the analysis is also applicable to certain condominium and cooperative housing. After exploring reasons for divided asset ownership, the possibility that divided ownership of immobile housing assets can lead to opportunistic behavior in the form of rent increases and even “gouging” is discussed. Rent control and its effects are examined with emphasis on the resulting wealth transfer from landlord to tenant and the reduction in the number of new parks. Results from an empirical analysis of both issues are presented. While there is strong evidence of a wealth transfer to tenants after rent control enactment, it is not clear whether these gains are offset by losses occurred by tenants prior to enactment. © 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc.
Differential expression of the Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger transcripts and proteins in rat brain regions

In the central nervous system (CNS), the Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger plays a fundamental role in controlling the changes in the intracellular concentrations of Na+ and Ca2+ ions. These cations are known to regulate neurotransmitter release, cell migration and differentiation, gene expression, and neurodegenerative processes. In the present study, nonradioactive in situ hybridization and light immunohistochemistry were carried out to map the regional and cellular distribution for both transcripts and proteins encoded by the three known Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger genes NCX1, NCX2, and NCX3. NCX1 transcripts were particularly expressed in layers III‐V of the motor cortex, in the thalamus, in CA3 and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, in several hypothalamic nuclei, and in the cerebellum. NCX2 transcripts were strongly expressed in all hippocampal subregions, in the striatum, and in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. NCX3 mRNAs were mainly detected in the hippocampus, in the thalamus, in the amygdala, and in the cerebellum. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that NCX1 protein was mainly expressed in the supragranular layers of the cerebral cortex, in the hippocampus, in the hypothalamus, in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, and in the granular layer of the cerebellum. The NCX2 protein was predominantly expressed in the hippocampus, in the striatum, in the thalamus, and in the hypothalamus. The NCX3 protein was particularly found in the CA3 subregion, and in the oriens, radiatum, and lacunoso‐moleculare layers of the hippocampus, in the ventral striatum, and in the cerebellar molecular layer. Collectively, these results suggest that the different Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger isoforms appear to be selectively expressed in several CNS regions where they might underlie different functional roles. J. Comp. Neurol. 461:31–48, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does Sociality Drive The Evolution Of Communicative Complexity? A Comparative Test With Ground‐Dwelling Sciurid Alarm Calls

While sociality has been hypothesized to drive the evolution of communicative complexity, the relationship remains to be formally tested. We derive a continuous measure of social complexity from demographic data and use this variable to explain variation in alarm repertoire size in ground‐dwelling sciurid rodents (marmots, Marmota spp.; prairie dogs, Cynomys spp.; and ground squirrels, Spermophilus spp.). About 40% of the variation in alarm call repertoire size was explained by social complexity in the raw data set. To determine the degree to which this relationship may have been influenced by historical relationships between species, we used five different phylogenetic hypotheses to calculate phylogenetically independent contrasts. Less variation was significantly explained in contrast‐based analyses, but a general positive relationship remained. Social complexity explained more variation in alarm call repertoire size in marmots, while sociality explained no variation in repertoire size in prairie dogs and no variation in phylogenetically based analyses of squirrels. In most cases, substantial variation remained unexplained by social complexity. We acknowledge that factors other than social complexity, per se, may contribute to the evolution of alarm call repertoire size in sciurid rodents, and we discuss alternative hypotheses. Our measure of social complexity could be used by other researchers to test explicit evolutionary hypotheses that involve social complexity.
Cytogenetic analysis of myxoid liposarcoma and myxofibrosarcoma by array-based comparative genomic hybridisation

Aim: To investigate overall chromosomal alterations using array-based comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) of myxoid liposarcomas (MLSs) and myxofibrosarcomas (MFSs). Materials and methods: Genomic DNA extracted from fresh-frozen tumour tissues was labelled with fluorochromes and then hybridised on to an array consisting of 1440 bacterial artificial chromosome clones representing regions throughout the entire human genome important in cytogenetics and oncology. Results: DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) were found in all the 8 MFSs, but no alterations were found in 7 (70%) of 10 MLSs. In MFSs, the most frequent CNAs were gains at 7p21.1–p22.1 and 12q15–q21.1 and a loss at 13q14.3–q34. The second most frequent CNAs were gains at 7q33–q35, 9q22.31–q22.33, 12p13.32–pter, 17q22–q23, Xp11.2 and Xq12 and losses at 10p13–p14, 10q25, 11p11–p14, 11q23.3–q25, 20p11–p12 and 21q22.13–q22.2, which were detected in 38% of the MFSs examined. In MLSs, only a few CNAs were found in two sarcomas with gains at 8p21.2–p23.3, 8q11.22–q12.2 and 8q23.1–q24.3, and in one with gains at 5p13.2–p14.3 and 5q11.2–5q35.2 and a loss at 21q22.2–qter. Conclusions: MFS has more frequent and diverse CNAs than MLS, which reinforces the hypothesis that MFS is genetically different from MLS. Out-array CGH analysis may also provide several entry points for the identification of candidate genes associated with oncogenesis and progression in MFS.
A composite material model for improved bone formation

The combination of synthetic polymers and calcium phosphates represent an improvement in the development of scaffolds for bone‐tissue regeneration. Ideally, these composites provide both mechanically and architecturally enhanced performances; however, they often lack properties such as osteoconductivity and cell bioactivation. In this study we attempted to generate a composite bone substitute maximizing the available osteoconductive surface for cell adhesion and activity. Highly porous scaffolds were prepared through a particulate leaching method, combining poly‐ε‐caprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles, previously coated with a sucrose layer, to minimize their embedding by the polymer solution. Composite performances were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In PCL–sucrose‐coated HA samples, the HA particles were almost completely exposed and physically distinct from the polymer mesh, while uncoated control samples showed ceramic granules massively covered by the polymer. In vivo results revealed a significant extent of bone deposition around all sucrose‐coated HA granules, while only parts of the control uncoated HA granules were surrounded by bone matrix. These findings highlight the possibility of generating enhanced osteoconductive materials, basing the scaffold design on physiological and cellular concepts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal growth and human evolution : an hypothesis of heterochrony

Les variations des vitesses de croissance foetales durant la gestation ont ete etudiees a partir de deux echantillons distincts. En fin de gestation, l'adaptation du foetus a l'inadequation croissante du milieu intra-uterin s'effectue grâce a deux parametres: les vitesses de croissance et la duree de gestation. Au cours de l'evolution humaine, ces deux parametres ont du jouer de maniere coordonnee comme facteurs d'evolution rapide de populations soumises a des pressions selectives importantes. Comme exemple, nous proposons trois hypotheses heterochroniques qui rendent compte de l'adaptation du foetus aux Contraintes obstetricales croissantes lors de la poussee d'encephalisation au sein du genre Homo
DNA analysis of Huntington’s disease

Objective: To review the direct DNA testing for Huntington’s disease (HD) in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria from 1993 to 1997, and to analyze the population with regard to age structure, gender, and family history. Methods: Twelve laboratories (nine in Germany, two in Austria, and one in Switzerland) recorded data pertaining to repeat number, gender, age at molecular diagnosis, and family history of probands. The molecular test was categorized as either diagnostic (for symptomatic individuals), presymptomatic (for individuals at risk), and prenatal (for pregnancies at risk). Results: A total of 3,090 HD patients, 992 individuals at risk, and 24 fetuses were investigated using DNA analysis. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed in 65.6% of patients. A total of 38.5% of individuals at risk inherited an expanded CAG repeat. The female-to-male ratio showed a distinct predominance of women both in the diagnostic and presymptomatic groups. Of the fetuses tested, six were carriers of an expanded CAG repeat. Two pregnancies were interrupted; one pregnancy was not. No information about the parents’ decision was obtained for the remaining three pregnancies. Conclusions: Approximately 20% of the estimated 10,000 HD patients living in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria have been identified by DNA analysis (total population, approximately 100 million; incidence of HD, 1:10,000). Assuming a ratio of HD patients to individuals at risk of 1:3, approximately 30,000 individuals are, in principle, eligible for a presymptomatic test. Less than 3 to 4% of individuals at risk have requested a presymptomatic test. This shows that the assumed enormous request of predictive testing has not occurred. More surprisingly, prenatal diagnoses were found to be rare.
Compressed sensing in ISAR imaging with sparse sub-aperture

In this paper, a reconstruction method of 2-D ISAR image with sparse sub-aperture based on Compressive Sensing (CS) is proposed. The method is revealed as follows. In the range, the conventional processing can be carried out to obtain sparse spectrogram. In the cross-range, the CS theory can be utilized to reconstruct 2-D ISAR image. According to CS theory, a random partial unit matrix can be considered as the measurement matrix and the DFT matrix can be designed as the sparsity matrix, whose multiplication satisfies RIP. In addition, the modified OMP algorithm can be utilized to achieve the reconstructed results avoiding sparsity estimation. By using the proposed method, the well 2-D ISAR imaging can be obtained on condition of the data in cross-range is reduced apparently. The effectiveness of the method can be validated in simulation results.
Simulation Study on the Effect of Fiber Loss to the Compound Action Potential of a Sural Nerve

This paper reports the result of computer simulation about compound action potential of a sural nerve with and without fiber loss. A compound action potential is a wave of electric potential detectable on the skin after electric stimulation of a peripheral nerve. The loss of nerve fibers, which is observed in some neuropathies, is considered as the cause of low amplitude and slow conduction of the wave. To quantify the relationship between fiber loss and compound action potential, computer simulation of the stimulation of a human sural nerve was executed. As a result, the conduction velocity of the first negative peak of the compound action potential was substantially reduced in case of thick fiber loss, and was slightly enlarged in case of thin fiber loss. However the amplitude of the peak was not always reduced. The effect of thin fiber loss was observed in the amplitude of the second positive peak and the second negative peak.
Power-Aware Core Management Scheme for Heterogeneous Many-Core Architecture

Author(s): Kim, Myoungseo | Advisor(s): Gaudiot, Jean-Luc | Abstract: The main challenge in designing the future heterogeneous many-core architecture on the same chip is to provide a solution that has low power consumption, in addition to trade off a small decrease in performance and throughput. Our design incorporates heterogeneous cores representing different points in the power-performance design space during an applications execution. Under this circumstance, system software dynamically chooses the most appropriate core to meet specific performance and power requirements. In this paper, the authors present a power-aware core management scheme based on efficient control of the core resources on heterogeneous many-core architecture as a mechanism to reduce a huge latency and a power dissipation for powering the core up from powered down. Operation is based on distinct scenarios by 3-bit core power control scheme through 5 statuses switching such as active, hot core, cold core, idle, and powered down. In addition, for more elaborated control to be power-performance efficient, this kind of status switching is exactly triggered by power-aware thread placement through heuristic thread consolidation approach. To achieve this objective, we have tried to deal with this scheme in terms of calculating peak and typical power consumption and managing core resources efficiently.
The DARPA LAGR program: Goals, challenges, methodology, and phase I results

The DARPA Learning Applied to Ground Vehicles (LAGR) program is accelerating progress in autonomous, perception‐based, off‐road navigation in unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) by incorporating learned behaviors. In addition, the program is using passive optical systems to accomplish long‐range scene analysis. By combining long‐range perception with learned behavior, LAGR expects to make a qualitative break with the myopic, brittle behavior that characterizes most UGV autonomous navigation in unstructured environments. The very nature of testing navigation in unstructured, off‐road environments makes accurate, objective measurement of progress a challenging task. While no absolute measure of performance has been defined by LAGR, the Government Team managing the program has created a relative measure: the Government Team tests navigation software by comparing its effectiveness to that of fixed, but state‐of‐the‐art, navigation software running on a standardized vehicle on a series of varied test courses. Starting in March 2005, eight performers have been submitting navigation code for Government testing on such a standardized Government vehicle. As this text is being written, several teams have already demonstrated leaps in performance. In this paper we report observations on the state of the art in autonomous, off‐road UGV navigation, we explain how LAGR intends to change current methods, we discuss the challenges we face in implementing technical aspects of the program, we describe early results, and we suggest where major opportunities for breakthroughs exist as LAGR progresses. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shuffled Multiuser Detection Schemes for Uplink Sparse Code Multiple Access Systems

The existing multiuser detection schemes for uplink (UP) sparse code multiple access (SCMA) systems are based on a parallel message update for message passing algorithm (MPA). In this letter, a shuffled MPA (S-MPA) scheme for UP SCMA systems is proposed, based on a serial message update strategy. Since the updated messages can join the message propagation immediately in current iteration, the convergence rate is accelerated, so that the complexity of the proposed S-MPA scheme can be substantially reduced with negligible bit error rate (BER) degradation. Simulations show that the proposed S-MPA scheme with two iterations provides similar BER performance to the original MPA scheme with six iterations. Furthermore, a parallel form of the proposed S-MPA scheme, termed group S-MPA, is developed to decrease the detection delay of the proposed S-MPA scheme, which offers a good BER-latency tradeoff.
Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Recognition by the Two-component Response Regulator CpxR-P in Escherichia coli *

In Escherichia coli, the two-component Cpx system comprising the CpxA sensor kinase and the CpxR response regulator modulates gene expression in response to a variety of stresses including membrane-protein damage, starvation, and high osmolarity. To date, the few known CpxR-P target operons were mostly identified by genetic screens. To facilitate the discovery of all target operons, we derived a 15-bp weighted matrix for CpxR-P recognition that takes into account the relative base frequency at each nucleotide position. This matrix essentially consists of two tandem 5′-GTAAA-3′ motifs separated by a 5-bp linker. All of the 15-bp stretches on both strands of the E. coli MG1655 genome were then scored for their degree of matching with the matrix and classified in statistical deviation groups. The effectiveness of this screening is indicated by the identification of eight new target operons (ung, ompC, psd, mviA,aroK, rpoErseABC, secA, and aer) among eleven candidates tested. Moreover, the matrix score correlates with the likelihood that a site is a true target and with the relative site affinity for CpxR-P in vitro. Our data indicate that some 100 operons are under direct CpxR-P control and that the signal transduction pathway interacts with several other control circuits in manners hitherto unanticipated.
Uganda runs out of antiretroviral drugs after shortfall in aid

Ugandan government ministers have warned that the country is running out of AIDS drugs, blaming the global financial crisis and a successful testing policy. The health ministry says that only 190 000 patients receive antiretroviral drugs out of the 357 000 who qualify for them. The health minister, Stephen Malinga, blames the shortages on the global economic crunch; a successful testing regime that has led to a rise in the numbers of people with access to the drugs; and policy changes that have increased the number of people …
Wine Chemical Composition and Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Cabernet Franc Clones.

BACKGROUND Three clones of Cabernet Franc (Nos. 02, 010 and 012) were selected in the last phase of clonal selection in Serbia. Wines made from each clone were assessed for quality parameters and taste during five consecutive vintages (2008-2012) and compared to the standard. The wine quality was determined based on the following parameters: alcohol, total extract, anthocyanins, tannins, pH, titratable acidity, volatile acidity, aldehydes, esters and reducing sugars, relative density, ash, colour, tonality, and tasting score. In the last year of the study, grapes and wines of Cabernet Franc clones and a standard were subjected to a chemical analysis of their phenolic composition, resveratrol and radical scavenging activity. In the last year of the study, grapes and wines of Cabernet Franc clones and a standard were subjected to a chemical analysis of their phenolic composition, resveratrol and radical scavenging activity. METHODS Chemical analyses of grapes and wines along with sensory and radical scavenging activity evaluations were done according to the standard procedures. RESULTS The wines of the clone No. 010 showed some superior properties compared to the other two clones and the standard; in five-year period the average concentration of anthocyanins (179±3.8 mg/L) and polyphenolics (1.85±0.02 g/L) was significantly higher than in wines of clones and the standard, (168-173 mg/L and 1.63-1.74 g/L for anthocyanins and phenolics, respectively). Furthermore, the same clone had a higher alcohol content (13.97±0.03%) in each year of the study, which indicated that it ripened faster than other clones (13.06-13.08 %) and compared to the standard (13.04±0.07%). This finding suggested that the clone No. 010 could possibly have a significant economic impact and further increase popularity of Cabernet Franc in a cooler climate viticultural region. It was also found to have the highest contents of aldehydes (488±1.54 mg/L) and esters (322±0.71 mg/L) compared to aldehydes (452-467 mg/L) and esters (290-310 mg/L) measured in other wines. Finally, the highest amount of phenolic compounds (1220±40 mg/kg) and resveratrol (70±3.3 mg/kg) were found in the grapes of the clone No. 010. The present study revealed a strong correlation of total phenolic contents and anthocyanins with radical scavenging activities (0.936 and 0.929, P<0.001, respectively) indicating that this activity of wines was derived mainly from their phenolic compounds. CONCLUSION The wine of the clone No. 010 contained the highest concentration of aldehydes, esters, anthocyanins, polyphenolics and resveratrol and consequently achieved the best tasting score. This clone may offer a new Cabernet Franc wine with geographical indication.
A Model of Shivering Thermogenesis Based on the Neurophysiology of Thermoreception

Existing stimulus-response expressions predicting shivering thermogenesis are based on static peripheral, core, and central temperatures. These expressions predict a linear increase in metabolic heat production in response to displacements of either central or core and peripheral temperatures from set-point temperature values. A model of shivering thermogenesis has been developed incorporating the nonlinear static and dynamic characteristics of thermosensitive neural structures in the body. The parameters defining receptor activities, dynamics of response, regional summation, and thermoneutral set points are based on data published in the literature. Predictions of metabolic heat generation (in units of ml O2 ·kg-1 ·min-1) are derived by integrating excitatory and inhibitory thermogenic drives, resulting from thermoreceptor stimulation in various regions of the body. The relative gains of the thermogenic drives were determined by least-squares regression using empirical data from a series of cold water immersions. The present model demonstrated improved simulations of shivering thermogenesis during cooling and rewarming, when compared to existing stimulus-response predictive expressions.