Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental and statistical investigations of the global chemical composition of six trawling fish of the Gulf of Gabès (Mediterranean Sea)

The aim of this work is to study the variation of the global chemical composition of six fish species (Lithognathus mormyrus, Mullus barbatus, Mullus surmuletus, Pagellus erythrinus, Pagrus caeruleostictus and Dentex maroccanus) caught by the trawl of the Gulf of Gabès (Mediterranean Sea). The variations of the chemical contents of the fish as a function of size, sex, organs and parts of the muscle were examined between December 2005 and May 2006. ANOVA indicated that the global chemical composition was significantly affected by two factors: species and body locations (parts of the muscle). The correlation matrix established between the chemical contents showed two highly significant correlations (fat–moisture and protein–ash). The discriminant analysis allowed the distribution in the space of fish species into five groups according to their moisture, proteins, fat and ash contents. The analysis of the fat content in the parts of the fish body revealed the presence of a concentration gradient.
Session 8: Imaging/Tumor Dormancy

Taylor, J. G. et al. (2001). “Using Genetic Variation to Study Human Disease. ” Trends Mol Med 7: 507–12. van de Vijver, M. J., Y. D. He, L. J. van’t Veer, et al. (2002). “A Gene-Expression Signature as a Predictor of Survival in Breast Cancer. ” N Engl J Med 347: 1999–2009. Weber, W. , J. Estoppey, and H. Stoll (2001). “Familial Cancer Diagnosis. ” Anticancer Res 21: 3631. Weinstein, J. N. (2000). “Pharmacogenomics–Teaching Old Drugs New Tricks. ” N Engl J Med 343: 1408–9. Zanders, E. D. (2000). “Gene Expression Analysis as an Aid to the Identification of Drug Targets. Pharmacogenomics 1: 375–84.
Do Perturbed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions Drive Early Stages of Carcinogenesis?

Abstract : This application should be considered in the context of the competing theories of carcinogenesis. The first is the somatic mutation theory which is based on two main premises: the first, claims that the default state of cells in metazoa is quiescence, and the second posits that cancer is the result of the multistage process where successive mutations accumulate in a single target cell. Much was learned about genes expression under a variety of conditions. However, this aggressive effort failed to provide either an explanation for carcinogenesis or a rationale for effective therapies. The second theory is the tissue organization field theory of carcinogenesis. This theory has adopted two basic premises: the first postulates that proliferation is the default state of all cells (prokaryotes to metazoa), and the second states that tissues (stroma or epithelium, or both) are the targets of carcinogens. The first aim tests whether the primary target of the carcinogenic agent nitrosometylurea is the epithelium, the stroma or both. Recombinants will be made where vehicle-treated stromal cells are recombined with epithelial cells from vehicle-treated and carcinogen-treated animals, and stromal cells from carcinogen-treated mammary fat pads are recombined with epithelial cells from vehicle-treated and carcinogen-treated animals. The second aim assesses histoarchitecture changes in the mammary gland in the tissue recombinants developed in Aim #1. Finally, the third aim documents molecular changes in epithelial and stromal pericellular matrices.
Cariotipos de los Murciélagos Vampiros (Chiroptera: Desmodinae)

Vampire bats are clearly members of the family Phyllostomatidae but their affinities within the family are less obvious. Investigations into the karyotypes of the three monotypic genera (Desmodus, Diaemus and Diphylla ) were made to determine if chromosomal data might reveal the phylogenetic affinities of the subfamily Desmodinae. The karyotypes of two genera have been described. In this paper we describe the karyotype of Diphylla, discuss the intrasubfamiIial variation and compare the karyotypic data of the Desmodinae to that of other subfamilies of the Phyllostomatidae.
Plasma Cortisol Changes in Seawater-Adapted Mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) Exposed to Ammonia

Seawater-adapted mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) were exposed to total NH4-N concentrations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L for periods of 2, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h. After.
Oceanographic Features of the Canadian Archipelago

Oceanographic data collected during the first cruise of H.M. C.S. Labrador to the Canadian Arctic in August and September 1954 permit comparisons of the vertical temperature and salinity structures in Baffin Bay, the Canadian Archipelago and the Arctic Ocean. From a comparison of the temperature–salinity characteristics of the waters in the Arctic Ocean (Beaufort Sea) with those in Baffin Bay, it is found that: (a) the surface waters of the Arctic Ocean are much less saline than those in Baffin Bay, but minimum temperatures are the same (−1.8 °C), (b) the waters of the upper 200 m. in Baffin Bay are denser than those found at corresponding depths in the Arctic Ocean, (c) below 200 m. , Arctic waters are the denser, and below 500 m. they are denser than any waters found in Baffin Bay, and (d) waters found at 250 m. in the Beaufort Sea, at 500 m. in Smith Sound, and at 1250 m. in central Baffin Bay, have identical temperature and salinity characteristics (−0.3 °C., 34.4‰). In addition the data permitted limite.
Why are birds' eggs speckled?

Birds are unique in laying eggs with pigmented shells, but for most species (e.g. most passerines, which lay white eggs speckled with reddish spots of protoporphyrin) the pigments’ function is unknown. We studied a bird population at a geologically variable site, and considered a hitherto untested hypothesis: that protoporphyrin pigments might compensate for reduced eggshell-thickness (caused partly by calcium deficiency), which is known to reduce eggshell-strength and increase eggshell-permeability. We found that pigment spots specifically demarcated thinner areas of shell, with darker spots marking yet thinner shell than paler spots. Variation in pigmentation was thus associated with variation in shell thickness both within and between clutches, so accounting for the eggshell's characteristic spot patterns. Geological variability at this site has resulted in a great range of calcium availability and, as predicted by the hypothesis, variation in calcium availability was found to affect between-clutch variation in both eggshell-mass (+) and pigmentation characteristics (−). We suggest a physiological mechanism and some important implications of these findings.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Senecio species growing in the Black Sea region, Turkey

Abstract Total phenolic contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of six Senecio species growing in the Black Sea region of Turkey (S. pandurifolius, S. trapezuntinus, S. integrifolius subsp. aucheri, S. hypochionaeus var. argaeus, S. hypochionaeus var. ilkasiensis and S. orentii) are investigated. The total phenolic content is analysed using Folin- Ciocalteu's reagent of the methanol extracts and varies from 19.54 to 81.78 mg GAE/g dry extract. The methanol extracts of the studied species possess antioxidant properties in the range of 70.07–165.21 mg AAE/g dry extract in phosphomolybde- num assay. S. hypochionaeus var. ilkasiensis extract shows maximum activity with an IC50 of 15.94 μg/ml in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. All of the Senecio methanol extracts show similar antimicrobial activities against microorganisms tested by agar diffusion methods. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most sensitive microorganism to the all extracts examined while Escherichia coli and Candida albicans are the most resistant one.
The Influence of Sucrose and Abscisic Acid on the Determination of Grain Number in Wheat

Using detached ears of wheat cultured in nutrient solution the effect of sucrose and ABA supply on grain number was examined. In ears detached prior to ear emergence, to correspond with the time of pollen mother cell meiosis, higher levels of sucrose uptake were associated with higher grain number per ear. ABA indirectly caused a reduction in grain number by decreasing uptake of sucrose through decreasing stomatal conductance and transpiration. There was possibly also a direct effect of ABA on grain number. At higher levels of ABA the negative effect on grain number was decreased by increasing the sucrose concentration. In ears detached one to three days after anthesis grain number was also influenced by the amount of sucrose taken up, although grain number was not as sensitive to the sucrose supply at this time as it was at meiosis. The influence of ABA following anthesis was limited to an indirect effect on grain number through reductions in sucrose uptake.
Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Rumen Ciliate Protozoa Based on Their Morphology and Distribution

Abstract Imai, S. 1998. Phylogenetic taxonomy of rumen ciliate protozoa based on their morphology and distribution. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 13: 17–36. The ciliates belonging to the family Ophryoscolecidae in the suborder Entodiniomorphina peculiarly inhabit the rumen of various ruminants. They possess specialized and complicated bodies which seem to have evolved with the evolution of their hosts. Comparative morphology of these ciliates would be interesting as a model of co-evolution between these parasites and their hosts. As a result of morphologic comparison of 14 genera of this family, a temporary phylogenetic tree containing a line connected continuously from simpler species to more complicated ones, and a line independently derived on the way from the genus Diplodinium can be created However, there is no evidence that the morphologic relation of ophryoscolecid genera expresses the correct phylogenetic relation of this family. Thus it is necessary to examine this problem by another approach. When the re.
Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family

Originally published in 1988 as the first truly comprehensive review of one of the largest and most popular plant families, "Aroids" was enthusiastically welcomed by botanists and horticulturists alike for its attention to scientific detail and delightful writing style. Now in this completely updated second edition, we learn of discoveries made in the last decade as the family has grown from about 2500 species to nearer 3200. The latest taxonomic and nomenclatural revisions are noted in the checklist of genera, and all the original drawings are included plus twice as many color photos. A new guide to the cultivation of ornamental aroids completes this well-rounded introduction to a remarkable family.
Dental polymorphism in a population of the red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ) from Poland

Dental polymorphism in a population of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (L.) from Poland was studied in a sample of 1453 specimens (637 males, 535 females and 281 specimens of unknown sex). Frequency distributions in 15 groups of morphotypes (A–O) were analysed and a pattern of qualitative features was constructed on the ground of frequency analysis of particular morphotypes. An increase in complication of tooth shape of the carnassial region (P4, P4, M1, M1), as well as higher morphological variation of the teeth from borders of the cheek rows (P1, P1, M2, M3) were ascertained. Almost all groups of morphotypes, excluding three, presented absence of significant sexual differences. The pattern of qualitative features was used to verify an existing model of genetic control of evolutionary changes in dental morphology of mammals. Positive, statistically significant relationships between the dental size and presence or degree of formation of the dental structures confirmed the operation of the size-related mechanism, i.e. threshold mechanism, during ontogeny.
Protective effect of methanolic extract of Hylocereus polyrhizus fruits on carbon tetra chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.

Aims: This research investigated the Protective effect of methanolic extract of Hylocereus Polyrhizus fruits on carbon tetra chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss-albino rat. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, IIUC, Chittagong, Bangladesh and Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute, Gangneung, Korea, between August 2011 to October, 2012. Research Article European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 3(4): 500-507, 2013 501 Methodology: Hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injured animal model using male albino rats. Carbon tetrachloride significantly elevated the serum levels of biochemical markers like ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides. Results: The methanolic extract of Hylocereus polyrhizus at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight (p.o.) significantly protected the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver toxicity in albino rat model. The activity of extract was also comparable to that of silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug. Conclusion: The study suggests that oral intake of Hylocereus polyrhizus fruits extract enhances the defense status against liver injury.
Occurrence of Articulins and Epiplasmins in Protists1

Abstract The cortex of ciliates, dinoflagellates, and euglenoids comprises a unique structure called the epiplasm, implicated in pattern-forming processes of the cell cortex and in maintaining cell shape. Articulins, a novel class of cytoskeletal proteins, are major constituents of the epiplasm in the flagellate Euglena gracilis and the ciliate Pseudomicrothorax dubius. The hallmark of articulins is a core domain of repetitive motifs of alternating valine and proline residues, the VPV-motif. The VPV-motif repeats are 12 residues long. Positively and negatively charged residues segregate in register with valine and proline positions. The VPV-motif is unique to articulins. The terminal domains flanking the core are generally hydrophobic and contain a series of hexa- or heptapeptide repeats rich in glycine and hydrophobic residues. Using molecular and immunological tools we show that articulins are also present in the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae and the ciliates Paramecium tetraurelia and Paramecium caudatum, Tetrahymena pyriformis, and Euplotes aediculatus. Our analysis further shows that epiplasmins, a group of epiplasmic proteins first characterized in Paramecium, are also present in all these species. Moreover, we present evidence that epiplasmins and articulins represent two distinct classes of cytoskeletal proteins.
Effect of crop rotation and tillage system on sclerotinia stem rot on soybean

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) of soybean is a major disease in the North Central region of the United States. A 3-year study was done to determine if crop rotation and tillage, moldboard plowing then mulch tillage (MP + MT), mulch tillage (MT), and no-till (NT), affected the population density of sclerotia and apothecia, incidence of SSR, and soybean yield. Crop rotation did not significantly affect the number or distribution of sclerotia or SSR incidence, but did affect the number of apothecia and the yield. The highest number of apothecia per square metre was observed in the plots in the continuous soybean rotation. Tillage affected both the number and distribution of sclerotia in the soil profile. Moldboard plowing lowered the number of sclerotia per litre of soil, compared to MT and NT plots, and buried the sclerotia deeper than 10 cm into the soil. Tillage did not affect the total number of apothecia observed, but moldboard plowing did delay emergence of apothecia compared to no-till. The MP + MT plots had the lowest disease incidence and the highest yield, while the NT plots had the highest disease incidence and the lowest yields. One year of moldboard plowing will bury sclerotia at least 10 cm in soil and delay the production of apothecia. How this affects SSR development depends on the other factors involved with disease development.
Effect of Methylcellulose Coating Enriched with Pimpinella Affinis Oil on the Quality of Silver Carp Fillet during Refrigerator Storage Condition

The effects of methylcellulose (MC) coating enriched with Pimpinella affinis essential oil (PAO) on quality and shelf life of fresh silver carp fillets during refrigerated storage (4 ± 1C) were examined over a period of 16 days. MC solution (3%) and MC enriched with PAO (1.5% v/v concentration) were prepared for coating of the fish samples. The control and the treated fish samples were analyzed periodically for microbiological (total viable count), chemical (pH, thiobarbituric acid [TBA], total volatile basic nitrogen [TVB-N], free fatty acid [FFA] and pv) and sensory characteristics. According to results (pv, FFA, TBA, TVB-N, pH), color and odor on MC contain 1.5% PAO and have less change in comparison to other treatments (P < 0.05), and it could inhibit a total bacteria growth and psychrophilic counts of fillet. The results indicated that MC contains 1.5% PAO, a good antioxidant activity, so it can be used for fish preservation without any undesirable changes in antimicrobial and sensorial attributes. Practical Applications The main practical application behind the development of chitosan coating is used to preserve fish quality with the fact that these polysaccharides represent a renewable source of natural biodegradable polymers and meet with the emergence of more and more food safety problems. The results of this study are a useful tool for the development of new environment-friendly and healthier commercial applications in the food processing industry because of its antimicrobial and antioxidative characteristics.
Habitat-dependent morphological and chemical variation in Picea mariana from northwestern Ontario

To determine whether local site differences corresponded to any morphological or chemical differentiation in Picea mariana, 10 cone-bearing trees were sampled from each of three semiadjacent stands near the Matawin River, Thunder Bay District, Ont. : (i) an upland forest on well-drained alluvial soil, (ii) an abandoned pasture on heavy soil, and (iii) a wet sphagnum bog. Nine cone characters and eight needle and twig characters were scored and analyzed. Differences among sites were generally small. Principal-components analysis demonstrated two major, independent trends of variation, one attributable mainly to cone characters and the other to needle characters. Bog trees tended to be more variable than the others with respect to cone characters but had similar levels of variation for needle and twig characters. Further comparisons were made based on foliar flavonoids of the 30 trees and isozyme characteristics of an expanded sampling of 60 trees. Flavonoid analysis indicated that a fraction of the bog tree.
Early growth of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) on rehabilitated bauxite minesites in south-west Australia

Summary The development of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) from direct seeding and the growth of jarrah planted as seedlings, in response to a number of rehabilitation treatments, were investigated on bauxite minesites in south-west Australia. Seedlings in these experiments grew faster than young jarrah in unmined forest. Sixty three percent of the jarrah established from seed had developed into saplings with a mean height of 3.28m after 55 months. Sixty six percent of the jarrah planted as seedlings had developed into saplings with a mean height of 3.07m after 47 months. Most of the jarrah displayed good form with 58% of seeded jarrah and 44% of planted jarrah, which were 3m or taller, having only one stem to a height of 2m. Tree heights, the proportion of plants that developed into saplings, and the proportion of trees with more than one stem increased in treatments which increased the amount of resources available to the trees or decreased competition, such as applying diammonium phosphate,.
GENERA ET SPECIES ORCHIDALIUM. 14. ONCIDIEAE

Lophiarella Szlach. , Mytnik & Romowicz, gen. nov. and Heteranthocidium Szlach. , Mytnik & Romowicz, gen. nov. (Orchidaceae, Vandoideae, Oncidieae) are described as new genera. Their taxonomic relationships are briefly discussed. New binominal combinations in these two new genera are validated.
Efeito da glicose sobre os mecanismos de extrusão de prótons em células MDCK

DAMASCENO, R. S. Effect of glucose on mechanisms of proton extrusion in MDCK cells. 2010. 62 p. Master ThesisInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. This study investigated the effect of glucose on the activity and expression of Na/H exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and vacuolar H-ATPase, in Mardin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells from dog kidney, with similar characteristics to principal and intercalated cells of the distal nephron. The pHi recovery rate (dpHi/dt) and the buffering capacity (βi) was evaluated through fluorescence microscopy. From these parameters the H efflux (JH+) was calculated. By Western blot, the NHE1 and H-ATPase (E subunit) expression was evaluated. Results: In the control situation the H efflux was 6.27 ± 0.51 mM/pH units (n = 9). Acute treatment with glucose (25 mM) increased the H efflux via NHE1, which was modulated by PI3 kinase. In the same condition, the H-ATPase activity did not change. Chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM) induced significant increase of H efflux via NHE1 and H-ATPase. The stimulatory effect of glucose on the NHE1 and H -ATPase activity was dependent on p38 MAP kinase activity. Furthermore, chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM) induced Ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) and Akt phosphorylation. Conclusions: Our results indicate that during the acute treatment with glucose (25 mM), the NHE1 was modulated by PI3 kinase. However, during chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM), NHE1 activity was modulated by the ERM/Akt system and of H-ATPase activity was modulated by p38 MAP Kinase.
A Simple Method for Freeze-Cleaving of Cells Grown on Plastic Culture Dish

A simple method is described for in situ freeze-cleaving of fibroblasts grown on the Falcon plastic culture dish. The culture plate with cells is covered by another Falcon plastic plate previously coated with rat tail collagen so to sandwich the cells. The culture plate is then set on the freeze-etching apparatus. The freeze-etching apparatus used was the cold metal block type principally based on Bullivant and Ames' method. Fracturing was per-formed by removing the cover or the culture plastic plates. By setting the cul-ture plate below or above on the specimen stage, this method selectively exposed the EF and PF fracture faces of both the free surface and substrate contact surface of cultured cells.
Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Properties of Bran in 51 Wheat Cultivars

ABSTRACT Whole-grain-based diets have been suggested to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. Phenolic compounds, most of which are present in the wheat bran, may be one of the factors contributing to whole-grain health benefits. We measured the free, bound, and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the bran of 51 wheat cultivars belonging to eight Western Canadian spring wheat market classes grown in a replicated trial at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The free phenolic (extracted with 80% v/v aqueous ethanol) content ranged from 854.1 ± 265.1 to 1,754.9 ± 240.3 μg/g of bran gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Saponification followed by a liquid-liquid solvent extraction released bound phenols ranging from 2,304.9 ± 483.0 to 5,386.1 ± 927.5 μg/g of bran GAE, contributing 66–82% of the total wheat bran phenolic content. Total phenolic content ranged from 3,406.4 ± 32.3 to 6,702.7 ± 19.6 μg/g of bran GAE, with the average being 5,197.2 ± 804.9 μg/g of bran GAE. Antioxida.