Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of irregular word spelling in acquired dysgraphia: Selective benefit from visual mnemonics

In contrast to the numerous treatment studies of spoken language deficits, there have been relatively few studies concerned with the treatment of spelling dis-orders. Among these, there have been only a small number that have targeted specific components of the spelling process. We describe a successful single case treatment study for FME, a woman with acquired dysgraphia, which was conducted within a cognitive neuropsychological framework. Pre-treatment assessment revealed a semantic deficit, impaired access to output orthography and probable additional degradation of the actual representations within the orthographic output lexicon. The treatment study was therefore directed towards relearning spellings by strengthening, and facilitating access to, specific orthographic representations for writing. In order to maximise the functional outcome for FME, treatment was focused on high frequency, irregular words. The treatment programme was carried out in two phases, one without and one with the use of mnemonics, and the results showed a selective training effect with the mnemonics alone. Treatment benefits were item specific but long lasting, and a significant improvement in FME's spelling performance was still evident at 2 months post-treatment. The current study confirms how cognitive neuropsychological theories and methods can be successfully applied to the assessment of acquired spelling impairments, and exemplifies how treatment with carefully designed mnemonics is of benefit if the inability to retrieve orthographic representations for writing is aggravated by a semantic deficit.
Reliability of the Determination of the Ventilatory Threshold in Patients with COPD.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the interobserver reliability of the assessment of the ventilatory threshold (VT) using two methods in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in control subjects. METHODS VT was identified from incremental exercise testing graphs of 115 subjects (23 controls and 23 in each COPD Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease class) by two human observers and a computer analysis using the V-slope method and the ventilatory equivalent method (VEM). Agreement between observers in identifying oxygen uptake at VT (VO 2VT) and HR at VT (HR VT) across disease severity groups was evaluated using intraclass correlation (for humans) and Passing-Bablok regression analysis (human vs computer). RESULTS For human observers, ICC (95% confidence interval) in determining VO 2VT were higher in controls (0.98 (0.97-0.99) both with V-slope and with VEM) than those in COPD patients (0.72 (0.60-0.81) with V-slope and 0.64 (0.50-0.74) with VEM). Passing-Bablok analysis showed that human and computerized determination of VO 2VT was interchangeable in controls but not in patients with COPD. Forced expiratory volume in one second and peak minute ventilation during exercise were the only variables independently associated with greater interobserver differences in VO 2VT. Interobserver differences in HRVT ranged from 2 ± 1 (controls) to 10 ± 3 bpm (GOLD 4). CONCLUSIONS In patients with COPD, the reliability of human estimation of VO 2VT is less than that in controls and not interchangeable with a computerized analysis. This should be taken into account when using VT for exercise prescription, as a tool to monitor responses to an intervention, as a surrogate measure of overall aerobic fitness, or as a prognostic marker in patients with COPD.
CLIC4 is enriched at cell-cell junctions and colocalizes with AKAP350 at the centrosome and midbody of cultured mammalian cells.

CLIC4 is a member of the chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) protein family whose principal cellular functions are poorly understood. Recently, we demonstrated that several CLIC proteins, including CLIC4, interact with AKAP350. AKAP350 is concentrated at the Golgi apparatus, centrosome, and midbody and acts as a scaffolding protein for several protein kinases and phosphatases. In this report, we show that endogenous CLIC4 and AKAP350 colocalize at the centrosome and midbody of cultured cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. Unlike AKAP350, CLIC4 is not enriched in the Golgi apparatus but is enriched in mitochondria, actin-based structures at the cell cortex, and the nuclear matrix, indicating that CLIC4-AKAP350 interactions are regulated at specific subcellular sites in vivo. In addition to the centrosome and midbody, CLIC4 colocalizes with AKAP350 and the tight junction protein ZO-1 in the apical region of polarized epithelial cells, suggesting that CLIC4 may play a role in maintaining apical-basolateral membrane polarity during mitosis and cytokinesis. Biochemical studies show that CLIC4 behaves mainly as a soluble cytosolic protein and can associate with proteins of the microtubule cytoskeleton. The localization of CLIC4 to the cortical actin cytoskeleton and its association with AKAP350 at the centrosome and midbody suggests that CLIC4 may be important for regulating cytoskeletal organization during the cell cycle. These findings lead to the conclusion that CLIC4 and possibly other CLIC proteins have alternate cellular functions that are distinct from their proposed roles as chloride channels.
Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis in Fecal Samples from Animals

Salmonella enterica is a microorganism with high zoonotic potential, distributed worldwide, having more than 2,610 identified serovars and affecting different animal species, both production and wildlife animals. Objective: Prevention of human salmonellosis requires prior monitoring of Salmonella in animals. In this study. Salmonella enterica serovars from different animal origins were isolated and their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. Methods: A total of 2193 samples from different origins (feces of cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, dog, chickens and seagulls and chicken eggs) were analyzed for bacterial typing and antimicrobial susceptibility was studied by the Kirby-Bauer method including 9 antibacterial agents (florfenicol, amoxicillin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, oxytetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacine, ampicillin and cefoperazone) and MIC50 and MIC90 for 6 of them were determined. Results: A 4.38% serovar isolation (n = 96), including 6 S. Typhimurium (6.25%) from equine cattle and pig feces, 19 S. Enteritidis (19.79%) from seagulls and pigs and 71 other serovars, was obtained from the various animal origins. Serovar S. Typhimurium showed high resistance to oxytetracycline and gentamicin by the Kirby-Bauer method and a MIC90 of 512 μg. mL-1 for oxytetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole antibiotics. By the diffusion method, serovar S. Enteritidis was resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and its MIC90 was 256 μg. mL-1 for oxytetracycline. The 32% of Salmonella isolates showed multi-resistance, 2 strains, isolated from pigs (one S. Typhimurium and one S. Enteritidis serovars), showed resistance to 5 antimicrobials tested. Conclusion: The constant release of these serovars to the environment, reaching also animal food, is a permanent potential risk for public health, turning into a first priority the establishment of control and antibiotic therapy strategies.
B‐50/GAP43 Gene Expression in the Rat Olfactory System During Postnatal Development and Aging

The olfactory neuroepithelium exhibits neurogenesis throughout adult life, and in response to lesions, a phenomenon that distinguishes this neural tissue from the rest of the mammalian brain. The newly formed primary olfactory neurons elaborate axons into the olfactory bulb. Thus, denervation and subsequent re‐innervation of olfactory bulb neurons may occur throughout life. In this study the authors demonstrate the distribution of the growth‐associated phosphoprotein B‐50/GAP43 and its mRNA in the olfactory neuroepithelium and olfactory bulb during development and aging. In neonatal rats B‐50/GAP43 mRNA was expressed in primary olfactory neurons throughout the olfactory epithelium and in their target neurons in the olfactory bulb, the mitral, juxtaglomerular and tufted cells. In contrast, in adult (7.5 weeks) and aging animals (6–18 months of age) B‐50/GAP43 mRNA expression was progressively restricted to neurons in the basal region of the neuroepithelium and to some of their target mitral and juxtaglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb. The continuing expression of B‐50/GAP43 mRNA in mitral‐ and juxtaglomerular cells in mature animals is thought to be related to their capacity to respond to continuously changing input from the primary olfactory neurons present in the olfactory neuroepithelium.
Development of new photon-counting detectors for single-molecule fluorescence microscopy

Two optical configurations are commonly used in single-molecule fluorescence microscopy: point-like excitation and detection to study freely diffusing molecules, and wide field illumination and detection to study surface immobilized or slowly diffusing molecules. Both approaches have common features, but also differ in significant aspects. In particular, they use different detectors, which share some requirements but also have major technical differences. Currently, two types of detectors best fulfil the needs of each approach: single-photon-counting avalanche diodes (SPADs) for point-like detection, and electron-multiplying charge-coupled devices (EMCCDs) for wide field detection. However, there is room for improvements in both cases. The first configuration suffers from low throughput owing to the analysis of data from a single location. The second, on the other hand, is limited to relatively low frame rates and loses the benefit of single-photon-counting approaches. During the past few years, new developments in point-like and wide field detectors have started addressing some of these issues. Here, we describe our recent progresses towards increasing the throughput of single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy in solution using parallel arrays of SPADs. We also discuss our development of large area photon-counting cameras achieving subnanosecond resolution for fluorescence lifetime imaging applications at the single-molecule level.
Home appliance service system by using an object position and multimodal interaction with Communication robot

Gestures and utterances are useful factors in communication. A gesture or an utterance has different meanings depending on related objects, situation and so on. Authors aim that a system recognizes these interactions' meanings and provides a service considering related objects. Proposed system combines gesture recognition and speech recognition as multimodal interaction, and manages the database with object position information through the interaction. Object position is one of the important factors for the system to recognize the meaning of human interaction. This paper focused on multimodal interaction between human and a robot to obtain object positions, and showed home appliance services as examples.
Is Multiple-Sequence Alignment Required for Accurate Inference of Phylogeny?

Abstract The process of inferring phylogenetic trees from molecular sequences almost always starts with a multiple alignment of these sequences but can also be based on methods that do not involve multiple sequence alignment. Very little is known about the accuracy with which such alignment-free methods recover the correct phylogeny or about the potential for increasing their accuracy. We conducted a large-scale comparison of ten alignment-free methods, among them one new approach that does not calculate distances and a faster variant of our pattern-based approach; all distance-based alignment-free methods are freely available from http://www.bioinformatics. org.au (as Python package decaf+py). We show that most methods exhibit a higher overall reconstruction accuracy in the presence of high among-site rate variation. Under all conditions that we considered, variants of the pattern-based approach were significantly better than the other alignment-free methods. The new pattern-based variant achieved a speed-up of an order of magnitude in the distance calculation step, accompanied by a small loss of tree reconstruction accuracy. A method of Bayesian inference from k-mers did not improve on classical alignment-free (and distance-based) methods but may still offer other advantages due to its Bayesian nature. We found the optimal word length k of word-based methods to be stable across various data sets, and we provide parameter ranges for two different alphabets. The influence of these alphabets was analyzed to reveal a trade-off in reconstruction accuracy between long and short branches. We have mapped the phylogenetic accuracy for many alignment-free methods, among them several recently introduced ones, and increased our understanding of their behavior in response to biologically important parameters. In all experiments, the pattern-based approach emerged as superior, at the expense of higher resource consumption. Nonetheless, no alignment-free method that we examined recovers the correct phylogeny as accurately as does an approach based on maximum-likelihood distance estimates of multiply aligned sequences.
School-based Exercise Improves Fitness, Body Composition, Insulin Sensitivity, and Markers of Inflammation in Non-Obese Children

BACKGROUND Poor cardiovascular fitness (CVF) is a risk factor for obesity, as well as insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown that a school-based fitness curriculum can improve CVF, as well as IR and body composition in obese children. Whether such a program improves CVF, IR, and other health indicators in non-obese children is unresolved. AIM To determine whether a school-based fitness program improves body composition, CVF, markers of inflammation (e.g. CRP, TNF-alpha, adiponectin), and insulin sensitivity in nonobese children. STUDY DESIGN 35 non-obese middle school children with body mass index below the 95th percentile for age were enrolled in a 'fitness-oriented' gym class. Children underwent fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP, TNF-alpha, body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximal VO2 treadmill testing at baseline (prior to the school year) and again at end of the school year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Testing for CVF (maximal VO2 treadmill testing), DXA, and fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP and TNF-alpha. RESULTS Children demonstrated a decrease in BMI z-score (-0.14 +/- 0.33, p = 0.02), HOMA-IR (-0.15 +/- 0.35, p = 0.016), and TNF-alpha (-2.55 +/- 1.79 pg/ml, p < 0.001), and an increase in VO2(max) (+1.58 +/- 2.34 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), adiponectin (+7,553 +/- 11,100 ng/ml, p < 0.001), and muscle mass (+2,282 +/- 1,882.73 g, p < 0.001) after nine months of study. CONCLUSIONS The school-based fitness oriented curriculum resulted in improved body composition and insulin sensitivity, increased CVF, and decreased inflammation in non-obese children. Combined with prior studies, these data demonstrate that school-based fitness curricula can benefit both obese and non-obese children. Partnerships with schools to promote fitness should be part of a public health approach to improving children's health.
Arginine Vasotocin Gene Expression and Hormone Synthesis During Ontogeny of the Chicken Embryo and the Newborn Chick

Chicken embryos at different developmental stages (embryonal day (E) 6 to 21) and chicks at posthatch day 1 (D1) were monitored for the development of their hypothalamo‐neurohypophysial system as indicated by the kinetics of arginine vasotocin (AVT) gene expression via mRNA concentration and brain AVT content. Our data concerning the onset of gene expression support previous results from our laboratory and others about an early activation of the AVT gene transcriptional and translational activity around E6. We could detect measurable amounts of AVT in chicken embryo brains at E6 and an exponential increase during further development until D1. Dot blots of hypothalamic RNA extracts indicated that AVT gene transcript concentrations rose between E12 and E17 and slightly dropped thereafter. Northern hybridization showed that this drop was caused by a decrease of full length message and an increase of smaller transcripts during late embryonal and D1 stages, probably an AVT mRNA specific degradation phenomenon. The dissociation between the increase of AVT concentration and AVT mRNA concentration visible at the D1 stage might be due to accumulation and storage of AVT in the magnocellular neurons, preferentially in their axon terminals in the neurohypophysis. Blood samples taken from E14 onwards revealed a constant increase in plasma osmolality and plasma AVT concentration. Our data suggest that, in the chicken, AVT seems to be required early during embryonal development, either for osmoregulatory or further unknown functions.
Cognitive ability in childhood and cognitive decline in mid-life: longitudinal birth cohort study

Abstract Objective To examine the association between cognitive ability in childhood and mid-life cognitive decline in the normal population. Design Longitudinal, population based, birth cohort study. Participants 2058 men and women born in 1946. Main study measures Ability in childhood measured by AH4 and test of verbal comprehension at age 15 years. Ability in adulthood measured by the national adult reading test (NART) at age 53 years. Outcome measures were decline in memory (word list learning) and speed and concentration (timed visual search) from age 43 to 53 years. Results Ability in childhood was significantly and negatively associated with decline in memory (β = 0.09, P = 0.005, for men; 0.10, P < 0.001, for women) and search speed (β = 0.13, P < 0.001, for men; 0.08, P = 0.01, for women), independent of educational attainment, occupational social class, and a range of health indicators. The adult reading test was also significantly and negatively associated with decline in these outcomes (for memory β = 0.21, P < 0.001, for men; 0.17, P < 0.001, for women; and for search speed β= −0.05 for men; 0.10, P = 0.008 for women) independent of educational attainment, social class, and childhood ability. Conclusions Ability in childhood can protect against cognitive decline in mid-life and beyond. Results for the adult reading test indicate that the protective effect of ability may also be acquired in adulthood.
Real-time intelligent process order control based on a paraconsistent annotated logic program EVALPSN

In this paper, we introduce a paraconsistent annotated logic program called bf-EVALPSN that can deal with before-after relation between two processes. We show that bf-EVALPSN can be suitably applied to real-time process order control with a simple pipeline process example. We also briefly introduce practical inference rules in bf-EVALPSN to reason before-after relations.
MeCP2 Dysfunction in Humans and Mice

Rett syndrome is a leading cause of postnatal neurodevelopmental regression. Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in MECP2, the gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2. In up to 96% of all classic cases, Rett syndrome cases are caused by mutations or deletions in MECP2. The phenotypic spectrum of MECP2 mutations is broad and includes mental retardation with or without seizures, Angelman syndrome—like phenotype, and autism. Mecp308/Y mice carry a truncating mutation and display many of the features seen in Rett syndrome. Social behavior abnormalities and impaired social interactions in Mecp308/Y mice suggest that MeCP2 plays a role in modulating the activity of genes and neurons important for social interactions. Mice that overexpress MeCP2 at twice the endogenous levels develop a progressive neurologic disorder, demonstrating that MeCP2 levels are tightly regulated and raising the possibility that duplications or gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 might underlie some cases of neurodevelopmental X-linked disorders. (J Child Neurol 2005;20:736—740).
One design method of license plate recognition system with high recognition rate

In present, due to the problem of low recognition rate in license plate recognition system (LPRS), this paper brings about one design method of LPR system with high recognition rate and quick recognition speed. The main design idea and the innovation of this system is to makes use of three kinds of algorithms to recognize the license for the high recognition rate and provides the hard platform with three digital signal processor (DSP) and dual field programmable gates array (FPGA) for the quick recognition speed. Furthermore, because of the method about the electronic toll collection (ETC) system, this system will have a promising future.
Transforming Public Health in Developing Nations

Description: The rise of globalized business has created a world village wherein ideas and industry transcend national boundaries. Unfortunately, the resulting increase in travel has accelerated the transmission of diseases, generating a surge in worldwide epidemics and increasing the necessity of innovative strategies for prevention, containment, and communication related to global health issues. Transforming Public Health in Developing Nations showcases the latest developments, trends, and challenges within the field of international public health. This reference work highlights a broad scope of current issues including global epidemics, worldwide health systems, mental health issues in developing nations, barriers to healthcare, sanitation and infection, cultural diversity in healthcare administration, cultural perceptions of reproductive health issues, international health costs and budgets, and health information technology. Readers: This authoritative text highlights diverse, important global health issues, making it an essential resource for professionals, researchers, and academics seeking insight on the latest developments in contemporary healthcare.
A Universal Performance Measure

We propose and examine a new performance measure in the spirit of the downside, lower partial moment and gain-loss literatures. We indicate how this may be applied across a broad range of problems in financial analysis. The performance measure captures all of the higher moments of the returns distribution. The performance measure is applied to a range of hedge fund style or strategy indices.
Football Clubs x TV: as Bourdieu can help to change this power game

O futebol, esporte mais popular do mundo, possui papel fundamental na sociedade capitalista, aumenta a atenção da mídia, o interesse das pessoas e movimenta trilhões de dólares por ano. Embora haja um cenário favorável em nível mundial, no Brasil, os donos do "produto", os clubes, passam por dificuldades, reflexo de sua posição de inferioridade na rede. Nesse sentido, o presente ensaio teórico possui como objetivo discutir a questão da diminuição do poderio dos clubes de futebol brasileiro dentro da perspectiva de redes interorganizacionais, levando em consideração o contexto histórico e a explicação sociológica de Pierre Bourdieu para o fenômeno. Em uma perspectiva estratégica, pode-se considerar a configuração em “redes horizontais” como um meio para alcançar determinados fins, logrando certos objetivos que dificilmente seriam alcançados de forma individualizada. Embora as motivações econômicas (configuração estrutural de redes) sejam a principal dimensão no que se refere à sua constituição, é necessária uma atenção especial para os processos e para as contingências que determinam as conexões, laços ou vínculos sociais entre os parceiros (configuração funcionalista de redes).