Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dose-response and comparative efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine across psychiatric disorders: a systematic review of the placebo-controlled monotherapy and add-on trials

The atypical antipsychotic, quetiapine, is frequently prescribed on-label and off-label for the treatment of a variety of psychiatric disorders. As quetiapine has variable affinity for dozens of receptors, its clinical effects should also show a large variation as a function of dose and diagnostic category. This study attempts to elucidate the dose-response and comparative efficacy and tolerability (metabolic data) of quetiapine across psychiatric disorders. A systematic search was carried out in the electronic databases, PubMed and EMBASE, using the keywords ‘quetiapine’ and ‘placebo’. Both monotherapy and add-on studies were included. A total of 41 studies were identified. In unipolar and bipolar depression, studies consistently found quetiapine to be effective versus placebo, at doses of approximately 150–300 and 300–600 mg per day, respectively. In bipolar mania, they consistently found quetiapine to be effective at doses of approximately 600 mg per day. In acute exacerbation of schizophrenia, the majority of studies found quetiapine to be effective at doses of approximately 600 mg per day; however, a few large studies found no difference versus placebo. In contrast, studies consistently found quetiapine to be more effective than placebo for stable schizophrenia. In obsessive-compulsive disorder, studies did not consistently find quetiapine to be effective at doses of approximately 300 mg per day. However, studies may have underestimated the efficacy of quetiapine for obsessive-compulsive disorder due to concomitant administration of antidepressants and the utilization of treatment-refractory patients. In generalized anxiety disorder, studies consistently found quetiapine to be effective at doses of approximately 150 mg per day. Finally, analysis of metabolic tolerability data suggests that even low doses of quetiapine may lead to increase in weight and triglycerides across psychiatric disorders. Interestingly, however, quetiapine-induced elevations in low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol seem to be restricted to schizophrenia patients.
The double-edged sword: Emotional regulation for children at risk

Abstract The capacity to manage emotion is based on the growth of self-regulatory capacities in the early years, but is also affected by situational demands, influences from other people, and the child's goals for regulating emotion in a particular setting. For most children growing up in supportive contexts, the growth of emotional regulation is associated with enhanced psychosocial well-being and socioemotional competence. But for children who are at risk for the development of psychopathology owing to environmental stresses or intrinsic vulnerability (or their interaction), emotional regulation often entails inherent trade-offs that make nonoptimal strategics of managing emotion expectable, perhaps inevitable, in a context of difficult environmental demands and conflicting emotional goals. This analysis discusses how emotional regulation in children at risk may simultaneously foster both resiliency and vulnerability by considering how emotion is managed when children (a) are living with a parent who is depressed, (b) witness or experience domestic violence, or (c) are temperamentally inhibited when encountering novel challenges. In each case, the child's efforts to manage emotion may simultaneously buffer against certain stresses while also enhancing the child's vulnerability to other risks and demands. This double-edged sword of emotional regulation in conditions of risk for children cautions against using “optimal” emotional regulation as an evaluative standard for such children or assuming that emotional regulation necessarily improves psychosocial well-being. It also suggests how the study of emotional regulation must consider the goals for regulating emotion and the contexts in which those goals are sought.
Theoretical integration in the study of affective responses to acute exercise : The dual mode model

In 1977, William Morgan noted that, in order to promote regular participation in physical activity, „it seems reasonable to assume that [individuals] must experience some form of positive reinforcement from the outset. In other words, if the experience is not . pleasurable, one should expect the volunteer to drop out. The exercise must not be perceived as primarily noxious, and it also must be sufficiently pleasurable to compete successfully with other pleasurable options available to the exerciser“ (p. 244). Several more authors over the years have hypothesized a causal chain linking (a) the intensity of physical activity, (b) the pleasant or unpleasant affective responses resulting from physical activity, and (c) long-term adherence. However, no experimental investigation to date has examined this causal pathway in its entirety, so the interplay between intensity and affect and the ultimate impact of these factors on adherence remain poorly understood. An essential initial step in the process of examining the causal pathway linking intensity, affect, and adherence is improving our present understanding of the first link, namely the relationship between exercise intensity and affect. A review of this literature (Ekkekakis & Petruzzello,1999) identified several conceptual and methodological shortcomings in previous research, but clearly the main obstacle for progress is the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework. Such a framework should satisfy the following five desiderata: (a) reintegrate the „mind“ and the „body,“ (b) take into account the information that is emerging from related scientific fields such as affective neuroscience and genetics, (c) go beyond the simplistic notion that the only affective change elicited by exercise is to „make people feel good,“ (d) account for dose-response patterns, and (e) account for patterns of inter-individual variability in affective responses.
Henry’s Equilibrium Partitioning between Ground Water and Soil Air: Predictions versus Observations

Humans spend 64% - 94% of their time indoors; therefore, indoor air quality is very important for potential exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC). The source of VOC in the subsurface may come from accidental or intentional releases, leaking landfills or leaking underground and above-ground storage tanks. Once these contaminants are present near or beneath buildings, they may move as a vapour through soil gas and enter the building. A large number of vapour intrusion (VI) algorithms have been published in peer-reviewed publications that link indoor VOC concentrations to the contamination of soils. These models typically include phase partitioning calculations of VOC based on Henry’s law to estimate the concentration of a particular contaminant in soil gas. This paper presents the results from a series of laboratory experiments concerning the use of the Henry’s Law constant for the calculation of toluene concentrations in equilibrium between ground water and soil air. A series of column experiments were conducted with various toluene concentrations in artificial (ground) water to contrast the predicted and observed (soil) air concentrations. The experiments which exclude soil material show a toluene fugacity behaviour roughly in line with Henry’s law whereas the experiments which include soil material result in equilibrium soil concentrations which were around one order-of-magnitude lower than was expected from a Henry Law-based estimation. It is concluded that for toluene inclusion of Henry’s Law in VI algorithms does not provide an adequate description of volatilisation in soils and may lead to an overestimation of health risk. Instead, a model based on a simple description of the relevant intermolecular interactions could be explored.
Examining Teacher Technology Use

As access to computer-based technology in schools and classrooms increases, greater emphasis has been placed on preparing teachers to use technology for instructional purposes. Survey data collected from 2,894 teachers in 22 Massachusetts districts were analyzed to examine the extent to which technology is used in and out of the classroom for instructional purposes. In addition to defining six specific categories of instructional use of technology, this study provides evidence that teachers generally use technology more for preparation and communication than for delivering instruction or assigning learning activities that require the use of technology. Important differences, however, were found among teachers who were new to the field compared with their more experienced colleagues. Although new teachers reported higher levels of comfort with technology and use it more for preparation, more experienced teachers report using technology more often in the classroom when delivering instruction or having students engage in learning activities.
Cell origin of the ventral spinocerebellar tract

The cells of origin of the ventral spinocerebellar tract have never been determined conclusively. We attempted to determine the cell origin of this tract by applying anatomical methods. Retrograde changes were observed in the lumbosacral segments following hemicerebellectomy, severance of cerebellar peduncle or hemisection of spinal cord at various levels. The chromatolytic motor‐type neurons were plotted, most occupying the dorso‐lateral portion of the ventral gray, with fewer cells in the medial, lateral and central part of ventral horn. Ablation of these neurons in different animals resulted in axonal degeneration which could be traced to the cerebellum via chiefly contralateral lateral funiculus and from the ventral spinocerebellar tract. The morphology of the ventral spinocerebellar tract neurons was studied by the Golgi method. Incidental findings of axonal degeneration bilaterally in the dorsal spinocerebellar tracts, with ipsilateral domination, following ablation of the ventral spinocerebellar tract neurons were discussed.
Genome structure of HBI, a variant of acute leukemia virus MC29 with unique oncogenic properties

We have analyzed the viral RNA of a variant of avian acute leukemia virus MC29, termed HBI. This virus was isolated during in vitro passage of a partially transformation-defective (td) mutant of MC29 (td10H-MC29) in chicken macrophages. While td10H-MC29 has a reduced ability to transform macrophages in vitro or to induce tumors in vivo, HBI-MC29 transforms macrophages efficiently and induces in vivo a high incidence of lymphoid tumors. Electrophoretic analysis of HBI-MC29 genomic RNA revealed that it has a complexity of 5.7 kilobases, like the RNA of wild-type (wt) MC29, and that it is 0.6 kilobases longer than the 5.1-kilobase RNA of the deletion mutant td10H-MC29. Analysis of the viral RNAs of two clonal isolates of HBI-MC29 by T1 oligonucleotide fingerprinting showed that sequences from the viral transformation-specific region, v-myc, which are deleted in td10H RNA, are present in HBI RNA. Moreover, hybridization of HBI RNA to molecularly cloned subgenomic fragments of wtMC29 proviral DNA, followed by fingerprint analysis of hybridized RNA, showed that the entire v-myc-specific RNA sequences defined previously are present. Hybridization to cloned DNA of the normal chicken locus c-myc shows a close relationship between HBI v-myc RNA and c-myc DNA, especially in the sequences which were deleted from td10H-MC29. T1 oligonucleotide maps of HBI and td10H RNAs were prepared and compared. Total conservation of the oligonucleotide pattern is observed in the overlapping v-myc regions, while the partial structural genes gag and env show some variations, most of which can be directly proven to be due to point mutations or recombination with helper viral RNAs that were analyzed in parallel. Recombination of td10H-MC29 with c-myc, followed by recombinational and mutational changes in the structural genes during passage with helper virus, could be a possible explanation for the origin of HBI.
If Pandora had a Blog: Towards a Methodology for Investigating Computer-Mediated Discourse

In the context of internet genre migration and proliferation, conventional taxonomies are no longer valid. To classify blogs between thematic and personal blogs is to blissfully ignore the legions of successful content prosumers, from political blogs to travel blogs, from food blogs to MAD mom and dad blogs, from fashion blogs to milblogs. With the recent explosion of social media, the digital landscape shifted and today there are more voices online than ever before. For blogs, however, the original purpose for communication has always been twofold: to inform and to emote. Computer-mediated communication may be overpopulated with a myriad of mixed forms and blogs might be dead or simply, difficult to reach with so much overlapping. Yet high-impact blogs still remain and are widely read. This paper explores the language of high-impact blogs, testing a new methodology for genre analysis to solve genre hybridity in the case of computer-mediated discourse.
The Eating Attitudes Test: an index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa

Synopsis Data on the development of a 40-item measure of the symptoms in anorexia nervosa are reported. The scale (EAT) is presented in a 6-point, forced choice, self-report format which is easily administered and scored. The EAT was validated using 2 groups of female anorexia nervosa patients (N = 32 and 33) and female control subjects (N = 34 and 59). Total EAT score was significantly correlated with criterion group membership(r = 0·87, P < 0·001), suggesting a high level of concurrent validity. There was very little overlap in the frequency distributions of the 2 groups and only 7% of the normal controls scored as high as the lowest anorexic patient. Female obese and male subjects also scored significantly lower on the EAT than anorexics. Recovered anorexic patients scored in the normal range on the test, suggesting that the EAT is sensitive to clinical remission.
Generating 3D Plants using Lindenmayer System

A coupling sleeve (3) pushed onto the plastic pipe (1) and provided with barbs (3a) is drawn over a driving shoulder against the connecting piece (2) by a union nut (4). The opened-out pipe end (1a) is clamped between a curved end face of the connecting piece (2) and the coupling sleeve (3). Possible leakages caused by the flow of the pipe material are prevented by a spring (6), and the pipe (1) is prevented from turning during assembly by a sliding ring (5). The device used for assembling the pipe connection has grips (13) for fixing the pipe in position with a toggle lock (16) and a press ring (26), which can be displaced in sliding manner on a stop (25) acting as a centering arbor, and can be actuated by a hand lever (31). With only a few manipulations, the coupling sleeve (3) can be pushed onto the centrally held plastic pipe (1). Owing to the omission of the supporting sleeve required hitherto, the through-flow cross-section of the plastic pipe (1) is not reduced by the installation of this pipe connection. Heating up the end of the plastic pipe is no longer necessary during assembly. The pipe connection, which can be made cost effectively, is uncomplicated in its construction and absolutely liquid-tight.
Relative stability of low-index V2O5 surfaces: a density functional investigation

Ab initio density functional calculations of the structural and electronic properties of V2O5 bulk and its low-index surfaces are presented. For the bulk oxide and the (010) surface (the natural cleavage plane) a good agreement with experiment and with earlier ab initio calculations is found. For the first time, the investigations are extended to other low-index surfaces: (001) and (100). On both surfaces, termination conserving a bulk-like stoichiometry is preferred, but—in contrast to the (010) surface—a strong structural relaxation takes place. Relaxation reduces the surface energy from 1.16 to 0.48 J m−2 for the (001) and from 0.61 to 0.55 J m−2 for the (100) surface. Although the relaxed surface energies are still one order of magnitude higher than calculated for the (010) surface (0.047 J m−2), the Wulff construction demonstrates that (001) and (100) surfaces contribute about 15% of the total surface area of a V2O5 crystallite, indicating a non-negligible role in the catalytic activity of V2O5.
Optimizing the Jiles-Atherton model of hysteresis by a genetic algorithm

Modeling magnetic components for simulation in electric circuits requires an accurate model of the hysteresis loop of the core material used. It is important that the parameters extracted for the hysteresis model be optimized across the range of operating conditions that may occur in circuit simulation. This paper shows how to extract optimal parameters for the Jiles-Atherton model of hysteresis by the genetic algorithm approach. It compares performance with the well-known simulated annealing method and demonstrates that improved results may be obtained with the genetic algorithm. It also shows that a combination of the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing method can provide an even more accurate solution than either method on its own. A statistical analysis shows that the optimization obtained by the genetic algorithm is better on average, not just on a one-off test basis. The paper introduces and applies the concept of simultaneous optimization for major and minor hysteresis loops to ensure accurate model optimization over a wide variety of operating conditions. It proposes a modification to the Jiles-Atherton model to allow improved accuracy in the modeling of the major loop.
Lombard effect mimicking

Seeing that speakers increase the intensity of their voice when speaking in loud noise (Lombard effect), this paper proposes a speech transformation approach to mimic this Lombard effect for improving the intelligibility of speech in noisy environments. The approach attempts to simulate the variations of duration, formant frequencies, formant bandwidth, fundamental frequency (F0), and energy in each frequency band due to Lombard effect by using a speech manipulation system STRAIGHT and three models of controlling three acoustic features: fundamental frequency (F0) contour, phoneme duration and spectrum. Different from other manipulation methods, this approach simultaneously modified these acoustic features in time-frequency representation of speech. This approach was evaluated by comparing the synthesized Lombard speech and noise-free Lombard speech in terms of similarity, naturalness and voice quality. The experimental results show that the proposed system is able to convert the neutral speech into Lombard speech in the quality very close to the natural Lombard speech.
Extracting Attributes of Named Entity from Unstructured Text with Deep Belief Network

Entity attribute extraction is a challenging research topic with broad application prospects. Many researchers had proposed rule based or statistic based approaches to deal with the extraction task in a variety of application areas. Recently, deep learning had shown its capacity to model high-level abstractions in data by using multiple processing layers network with complex structures. However there has no research reported to conduct entity attribute extraction with deep learning method. In this paper, we propose a new approach to extract the entities’ attributes from unstructured text corpus that was gathered from Web. The proposed method is an unsupervised machine learning method that extracts the entity attributes utilizing deep belief network (DBN). Experiment results show that, with our method, entity attributes can be extracted accurately and manual intervention can be reduced when compared with tradition methods.
Body Weight, Carcass Yield, and Intestinal Contents of Broilers Having Sodium and Potassium Salts in the Drinking Water Twenty-Four Hours Before Processing

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of drinking water supplementation with graded increases of Na and K salts on the performance and gut contents of broilers before processing. Birds had no water, tap water, or water supplemented with sodium bicarbonate or potassium chloride in the concentrations of 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45% in the last 12 and 24 h before processing. The last 12 h coincided with preslaughter feed withdrawal. Cobb × Cobb 500 male broilers (46 d old) were set in a completely randomized experimental design with 8 treatments and 9 replications of 9 birds each. Birds were individually processed within a period of 12 h of feed withdrawal every 2 h. Individual weighing was followed with electrical stunning and removal of intestinal contents of the upper (crop through the gizzard) and lower segment (duodenum through cloaca). Water intake increased linearly with greater salt concentrations in the water (P 0.05). It is concluded that increasing water intake through the use of Na and K salts did not affect the rate of gut emptying before processing.
Design of a U-shaped RFID tag antenna with an isotropic radiation characteristic

In this paper, we propose a simple U-shaped radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna with an isotropic radiation characteristic for stable operation of an RFID system. The antenna is composed of a U-shaped half-wavelength dipole and a rectangular-shaped feed. The feed is connected at the bottom of the dipole for conjugate impedance matching with a commercial tag chip. The gain deviation of the antenna can be further improved by inserting a rectangular slit in the lower central portion of the antenna body. For VSWR ≤ 2, both designs comply with the Korea ultra-high frequency RFID bandwidth. Within the operational frequency range, the gain deviation of the tag with a slit was less than 0.71 dB, while the gain deviation of the tag without a slit was less than 1.62 dB.
Tbx1 is regulated by forkhead proteins in the secondary heart field †

Transcriptional regulation in a tissue‐specific and quantitative manner is essential for developmental events, including those involved in cardiovascular morphogenesis. Tbx1 is a T‐box–containing transcription factor that is responsible for many of the defects observed in 22q11 deletion syndrome in humans. Tbx1 is expressed in the secondary heart field (SHF) and is essential for cardiac outflow tract (OFT) development. We previously reported that Tbx1 is regulated by sonic hedgehog by means of forkhead (Fox) transcription factors in the head mesenchyme and pharyngeal endoderm, but how it is regulated in the SHF is unknown. Here, we show that Tbx1 expression in the SHF is regulated by Fox proteins through a combination of two evolutionarily conserved Fox binding sites in a dose‐dependent manner. Cell fate analysis using the Tbx1 enhancer suggests that SHF‐derived Tbx1‐expressing cells contribute extensively to the right ventricular myocardium as well as the OFT during early development and ultimately give rise to the right ventricular infundibulum, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary valves. These results suggest that Fox proteins are involved in most, if not all, Tbx1 expression domains and that Tbx1 marks a subset of SHF‐derived cells, particularly those that uniquely contribute to the right‐sided outflow tract and proximal pulmonary artery. Developmental Dynamics 235:701–710, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.