Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying clinical complexity in patients affected by severe acquired brain injury in neurorehabilitation: a cross sectional survey.

BACKGROUND Literature shows that occurrence of comorbidities in people with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is a common problem in rehabilitation stay. Consequently, patients could require an increase of interventions for diagnosis and treatment of clinical conditions, with a reduction of the rehabilitative take in charge for both clinical and organizational aspects. AIM The first aim was to evaluate the rate of clinical conditions of sABI patients at admission in rehabilitation and the types of rehabilitative interventions performed in the first week; second objective was to explore the impact of clinical conditions on real rehabilitative take in charge. DESIGN Cross sectional study. SETTING Inpatient rehabilitation centers. POPULATION The study included data from 586 sABI patients. METHODS Collected data regarded anamnestic information, functional status assessed by means of Glasgow Outcome Scale, Levels of cognitive functioning, Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index, comorbidities at admission and type of rehabilitative interventions carried out in first week of rehabilitation stay. Spearman correlation coefficients were applied to detect possible correlations between the number of treatments in first week and clinical variables; through a multiple regression analysis the effect of patient's characteristics on rehabilitative take in charge was explored. RESULTS Data from the sABI patients: mean age 55.1±17.1 years; etiology of sABI was vascular in 315 patients (53.8%), anoxic in 83 (14.2%), neoplastic in 17 (2.9%), infectious in 15 (2.6%), traumatic in 150 (25.6%); 6 subjects (1%) presented a mixed etiology. Need of cardiorespiratory monitoring, pressure sores, infections or presence of multi drug resistant bacteria were the most frequent comorbidities. Passive mobilization, sitting positioning, arousal/awareness stimulation, evaluation and management of dysphagia were the interventions most frequently carried out in the first week. The regression analysis showed that severe neurological and clinical conditions, acute organ failure, cardio-respiratory instability and paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity significantly limit access to rehabilitative sessions. CONCLUSIONS In sABI patients clinical comorbidities requiring elevated care assistance are frequent at admission in rehabilitation from acute wards and may interfere with rehabilitative take in charge. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT The knowledge of clinical complexity of sABI patients may improve their care pathways, promoting early and appropriate transition from acute care to rehabilitation settings.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV in pregnant women from Eastern Turkey.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are essential public health problems. In this study, we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of the aforementioned infections among pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was done retrospectively on pregnant women who presented for antenatal follow-up and delivery between 2013 and 2016. Data were collected from the hospital's electronic health records and patient files. Blood samples were analyzed at the microbiology laboratory of the hospital. HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV titers were tested using the chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay method (Architect, Abbott Laboratories, USA). RESULTS HBsAg and anti-HBs levels were tested in 35,295 pregnant women aged 18-45 years. The HBsAg and anti-HBs levels were positive in 425 (1.2%) and 9583 (27.7%) patients, respectively. From 2013 to 2016, the HBV carrier rates have continuously decreased from 1.4% to 0.8%, whereas the anti-HBs positivity has increased from 25.4% to 30.2%. Anti-HCV was detected in 6 of the 9709 (0.06%) patients. All the 7113 pregnant women screened for HIV showed negative results. CONCLUSION Hepatitis B carrier rates among pregnant women gradually decreased with a simultaneous increase in the immunity rates. HCV seroprevalence was low and HIV positivity was not encountered in the study population.
Digital Transformation in Information Systems Research: a Taxonomy-based Approach to Structure the field

Digital transformation becomes increasingly important to business research and practice. Transforming businesses poses various opportunities (e.g., creating novel business models) but, in contrast, constitutes numerous of challenges (e.g., changing processes and organizational structures). As Information Systems (IS) can support such transformation, it is assumed that it has great potential in digi-talization too. Thus, there is a rising amount of digital transformation-literature in IS. However, because of the popularity as well as heterogeneous fields of application and types of research, a consolidated overview of digital transformation is necessary. Accordingly, this study derives a taxonomy of digital transformation to structure the field. Based on (1) a literature review and (2) a taxonomy-development approach, we developed a taxonomy that consists of research-relevant aspects (e.g., most studies use qualitative approaches; limited studies use design science research) as well as topic-related aspects (e.g., manufacturing and public sectors, enterprise architecture, knowledge and technology are focused). Additionally, through (3) a cluster analysis, four areas could be identified: business strategies/models, working culture, technology, and skills/knowledge. Overall, by providing such a taxonomy we aim to contribute to a better characterization of digital transformation in IS research.
Unmasking Emotions via Facial Expressions - First Insights on the Role of Emotional Valence for is Discontinuance

Although much research has been devoted to positive emotions and how they foster Information Systems (IS) use and continuance, less is known about the role of negative emotions and their impact on IS discontinuance. Thus, based on theories in environmental psychology towards the role of emotional valence, a research model is developed to explain the effect of cognitively appraised emotional valence on IS discontinuance. To test our hypotheses, we have conducted a laboratory experiment with eye tracking and evaluated users’ emotional valence objectively based on their facial expressions using FaceReader, a facial expression analysis software. Preliminary results of our study suggest that users’ initial emotional responses evoked by unexpected opposing features of the IS, when first encountered, do have significant effects on subsequent avoidance behavior. The results also reveal that cognitive system appraisal seems to influence users’ emotions and behaviors differently depending on the type of the system for the task at hand. For example, we reveal that if IS are enhanced by hedonic design elements (e.g., pictures, graphics, video files), these elements could also trigger negatively valenced emotion if they are assessed as hindrance for the achievement of one’s objectives.
(Over)eating out at major UK restaurant chains: observational study of energy content of main meals

Abstract Objectives To examine the energy content of main meals served in major UK restaurant chains and compare the energy content of meals in fast food and “full service” restaurant chains. Design Observational study. Setting Menu and nutritional information provided by major UK restaurant chains. Main outcome measures Mean energy content of meals, proportion of meals meeting public health recommendations for energy consumption (≤600 kcal), and proportion of meals with excessive energy content (≥1000 kcal). Results Main meals from 27 restaurant chains (21 full service; 6 fast food) were sampled. The mean energy content of all eligible restaurant meals (13 396 in total) was 977 (95% confidence interval 973 to 983) kcal. The percentage of all meals that met public health recommendations for energy content was low (9%; n=1226) and smaller than the percentage of meals with an excessive energy content (47%; 6251). Compared with fast food restaurants, full service restaurants offered significantly more excessively calorific main meals, fewer main meals meeting public health recommendations, and on average 268 (103 to 433) kcal more in main meals. Conclusions The energy content of a large number of main meals in major UK restaurant chains is excessive, and only a minority meet public health recommendations. Although the poor nutritional quality of fast food meals has been well documented, the energy content of full service restaurant meals in the UK tends to be higher and is a cause for concern. Registration Study protocol and analysis strategy pre-registered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/w5h8q/).
New approaches for processing and annotations of high-throughput metabolomic data obtained by mass spectrometry. (Nouvelles approches pour le traitement et l'annotation des données de métabolomique haut débit obtenues par spectrométrie de masse haute-résolution)

La metabolomique est une approche de phenotypage presentant des perspectives prometteuses pour le diagnostic et le suivi de plusieurs pathologies. La technique d'observation la plus utilisee en metabolomique est la spectrometrie de masse (MS). Des developpements technologiques recents ont considerablement accru la taille et la complexite des donnees. Cette these s'est concentree sur deux verrous du traitement de ces donnees, l'extraction de pics des donnees brutes et l'annotation des spectres. La premiere partie de la these a porte sur le developpement d'un nouvel algorithme de detection de pics pour des donnees d'analyse par injection en flot continue (Flow Injection Analysis ou FIA), une technique haut-debit. Un modele derive de la physique de l'instrument de mesure prenant en compte la saturation de l'appareil a ete propose. Ce modele inclut notamment un pic commun a tous les metabolites et un phenomene de saturation specifique pour chaque ion. Ce modele a permis de creer une workow qui estime ce pic commun sur des signaux peu bruites, puis l'utilise dans un filtre adapte sur tous les signaux. Son efficacite sur des donnees reelles a ete etudiee et il a ete montre que proFIA etait superieur aux algorithmes existants, avait une bonne reproductibilite et etait tres proche des mesures manuelles effectuees par un expert sur plusieurs types d'appareils. La seconde partie de cette these a porte sur le developpement d'un outil de detection des similarites structurales d'un ensemble de spectre de fragmentation. Pour ce faire une nouvelle representation sous forme de graphe a ete proposee qui ne necessite pas de connaitre la composition atomique du metabolite. Ces graphes sont de plus une representation naturelle des spectres MS/MS. Certaines proprietes de ces graphes ont ensuite permis de creer un algorithme efficace de detection des sous graphes frequents (FSM) base sur la generation d'arbres couvrants de graphes. Cet outil a ete teste sur deux jeux de donnees differents et a prouve sa vitesse et son interpretabilite compare aux algorithmes de l'etat de l'art. Ces deux algorithmes ont ete implementes dans des package R, proFIA et mineMS2 disponibles a la communaute.
Explaining Multisourcing Decisions in Application Outsourcing

Multisourcing—the delegation of interdependent tasks to multiple vendors—is receiving increasing attention in practice and in research. Yet, we know little about the circumstances under which organizations choose multisourcing. In this paper, we draw on incomplete contracting theory and the knowledge-based view to explain multisourcing decisions in application projects. We test our model using a comprehensive dataset of 1093 sourcing decisions made by Swiss public organizations. The results provide strong support for the model. We find that clients choose multisourcing more frequently when (1) the project is large, (2) the software is client-specific and the project is large enough, (3) client and vendor lack joint experience, (4) the client seeks knowledge, (5) the technology is not proprietary, and (6) the client is experienced in outsourcing. While these findings support common views that clients choose multisourcing in response to opportunistic threats and to knowledge needs, the findings also shed light on prerequisites for multisourcing.
Résilience des systèmes informatiques adaptatifs: modélisation, analyse et quantification. (Resiliency of adaptive computer systems: modeling, analysis and quantification)

On appelle resilient un systeme capable de conserver ses proprietes de surete de fonctionnement en depit des changements (nouvelles menaces, mise-a-jour,…). Les evolutions rapides des systemes, y compris des systemes embarques, implique des modifications des applications et des configurations des systemes, en particulier au niveau logiciel. De tels changements peuvent avoir un impact sur la surete de fonctionnement et plus precisement sur les hypotheses des mecanismes de tolerance aux fautes. Un systeme est donc resilient si de pareils changements n’invalident pas les mecanismes de surete de fonctionnement, c’est-a-dire, si les mecanismes deja en place restent coherents malgre les changements ou dont les incoherences peuvent etre rapidement resolues. Nous proposons tout d’abord dans cette these un modele pour les systemes resilients. Grâce a ce modele nous pourrons evaluer les capacites d’un ensemble de mecanismes de tolerance aux fautes a assurer les proprietes de surete issues des specifications non fonctionnelles. Cette modelisation nous permettra egalement de definir un ensemble de mesures afin de quantifier la resilience d’un systeme. Enfin nous discuterons dans le dernier chapitre de la possibilite d’inclure la resilience comme un des objectifs du processus de developpement
[The Need for Recovery Scale: French adaptation and validation.]

OBJECTIVES The study presents the French validation of the scale of Need for Recovery after work (Need for Recovery) as well as the average scores according to sex, age, occupation and branch of industry. METHOD A representative sample of the French employees completed a questionnaire made up of the Need for Recovery Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey. Analyses of internal consistency led us to withdraw an item from original scale; validity as well as discriminating quality were evaluated with the adequate analyses. RESULTS The French version of the Need for Recovery Scale has very good psychometric qualities. Internal consistency (evaluated by Alpha of Cronbach) is 0.86. This scale is correlated mainly with the ? emotional exhaustion? dimension of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (r = 0.68). The analysis highlighted groups of French employees having levels of high need for recovery: men of less than 25 years, women of more than 55 years and people practicing the profession of Teachers and equivalents'. CONCLUSIONS Given its predictive value on the physical and psychological health of employees, we recommend an individual or collective use of the Need for Recovery Scale in order to set up preventive actions in the workplaces.
Andrew Wyeth : A Secret Life

This biography of the American artist, Andrew Wyeth, covers the complex facets of his personal and professional life. It tracks his childhood of personal home tutors and the nuturing of his artistic talent under the watchful eye of his father, the children's book illustrator, N.C. Wyeth. Andrew Wyeth produced a substantial body of impressive works, his most famous probably being "Christina's World". His paintings sold in the 1970s for millions of dollars. Each chapter in this book is chronological and creative, intertwining his artistic work with corresponding events in his personal life, including his latter years when he suddenly showed great interest in painting nudes leading him into a secret liaison with the model Helga.
Cytomegalovirus Exposure in the Elderly Does Not Reduce CD8 T Cell Repertoire Diversity

With age, the immune system becomes less effective, causing increased susceptibility to infection. Chronic CMV infection further impairs immune function and is associated with increased mortality in the elderly. CMV exposure elicits massive CD8+ T cell clonal expansions and diminishes the cytotoxic T cell response to subsequent infections, leading to the hypothesis that to maintain homeostasis, T cell clones are expelled from the repertoire, reducing T cell repertoire diversity and diminishing the ability to combat new infections. However, in humans, the impact of CMV infection on the structure and diversity of the underlying T cell repertoire remains uncharacterized. Using TCR β-chain immunosequencing, we observed that the proportion of the peripheral blood T cell repertoire composed of the most numerous 0.1% of clones is larger in the CMV seropositive and gradually increases with age. We found that the T cell repertoire in the elderly grows to accommodate CMV-driven clonal expansions while preserving its underlying diversity and clonal structure. Our observations suggest that the maintenance of large CMV-reactive T cell clones throughout life does not compromise the underlying repertoire. Alternatively, we propose that the diminished immunity in elderly individuals with CMV is due to alterations in cellular function rather than a reduction in CD8+ T cell repertoire diversity.
Energy efficient communications: from resource allocations to machine learning

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Energy efficient communications: from resource allocations to machine learning Philippe Mary
Role of Personal Attributes and System characteristics in Predicting the Effectiveness of Online Learning- an Indian Perspective

Online learning has become a trend in education over the years with the emergence of Web 2.0 and the advancement in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). As the organisational spending has risen for providing better learning and training, the expectations for outcomes also have increased. Learning effectiveness can be thought of as one of the parameters to assess the success of online learning. A survey was conducted with 377 higher education students from India who have already taken an online learning course. The study used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to understand the impact of personal factors (internet self-efficacy), system characteristics (information quality, system quality, service quality), and engagement (behavioural, emotional, cognitive engagement) on learning effectiveness in online learning through an integration of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), and DeLone and McLean’s IS success model. The result shows that internet self-efficacy has a positive impact on all types of engagement whereas, system and service quality have a positive impact on emotional and cognitive engagement, and information quality has an impact on only behavioural engagement. Furthermore, all types of engagement have a positive impact on perceived learning effectiveness. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
Microglia Regulate Neuroglia Remodeling in Various Ocular and Retinal Injuries

Reactive microglia and infiltrating peripheral monocytes have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases of the retina and CNS. However, their specific contribution in retinal degeneration remains unclear. We recently showed that peripheral monocytes that infiltrate the retina after ocular injury in mice become permanently engrafted into the tissue, establishing a proinflammatory phenotype that promotes neurodegeneration. In this study, we show that microglia regulate the process of neuroglia remodeling during ocular injury, and their depletion results in marked upregulation of inflammatory markers, such as Il17f, Tnfsf11, Ccl4, Il1a, Ccr2, Il4, Il5, and Csf2 in the retina, and abnormal engraftment of peripheral CCR2+ CX3CR1+ monocytes into the retina, which is associated with increased retinal ganglion cell loss, retinal nerve fiber layer thinning, and pigmentation onto the retinal surface. Furthermore, we show that other types of ocular injuries, such as penetrating corneal trauma and ocular hypertension also cause similar changes. However, optic nerve crush injury–mediated retinal ganglion cell loss evokes neither peripheral monocyte response in the retina nor pigmentation, although peripheral CX3CR1+ and CCR2+ monocytes infiltrate the optic nerve injury site and remain present for months. Our study suggests that microglia are key regulators of peripheral monocyte infiltration and retinal pigment epithelium migration, and their depletion results in abnormal neuroglia remodeling that exacerbates neuroretinal tissue damage. This mechanism of retinal damage through neuroglia remodeling may be clinically important for the treatment of patients with ocular injuries, including surgical traumas.
Consumers' Perceptions on Smart Home and Smart Living

Internet of Things (IoT) is an umbrella term used for Internetworking physical devices such as vehicles, buildings, home appliances, and other physical objects to the Internet. This technology innovation allows for different objects or devices to be connected to each other, thus transforming the objects from “dumb” to “smart” devices. A central question for researchers and practitioners is whether and how the potential users of smart home technology, a subset of IoT technology, perceive this innovation. To address this question, the present paper seeks to empirically explore the relationships between determinant factors influencing users’ intentions. By drawing upon recent studies on smart home technology, this paper argues that multiple factors impact users’ perceptions and consequently their adoption decisions. By using a survey data from 156 individuals and applying structural equation modelling (SEM) and Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this research suggests that attitudes toward using technology, social influence, perceived usefulness and perceived innovativeness impact users’ adoption decisions. Moreover, fsQCA results, while reinforcing and refining findings from the SEM analysis, reveal that there is no single solution that lead to the outcome of interest—smart home technology adoption—but multiple configurations of conditions do. Theoretical and methodological contributions are discussed.