Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Should we Start Biomarker Study in Urine

Cite this article: Gao Y. Why Should we Start Biomarker Study in Urine? J J Biomark. 2015, 1(1): 004. Why Should we Start Biomarker Study in Urine? Youhe Gao1* 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, China *Corresponding author: Dr. Youhe Gao, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100875, P. R. of China, E-mail: gaoyouhe@bnu.edu. cn Received: 01-29-2015 Accepted: 02-12-2015 Published: 02-23-2015 Copyright: © 2015 Youhe Gao
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Clival Chordomas - Case Report and Review of Literature Acesso endoscópico endonasal para Cordomas do Clivus: Relato de Caso e Revisão da Literatura

Chordomas of the clivus are aggressive lesions which arise from the remnants of the primitive notochord and pose unique diagnostic and management challenges. Radical resection of chordomas has been recommended for better outcomes and their surgical treatment has been challenging to neurosurgeons for many years. Transbasal, orbitozygomatic, subtemporal, transcondylar, transmaxillary, and extended transsphenoidal techniques have been proposed. We report a case of clival chordoma treated by endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approach.
Stability Region Based Robust Controller Design for High-Gain Boost DC–DC Converter

In this article, we propose an analytical method to design a robust nonfragile controller for load voltage regulation of high-gain boost converter exhibiting nonminimum phase behavior due to right-half plane (RHP) zero. The proposed single-loop voltage-mode controller design technique is based on the stability boundary locus and Kharitonov's theorem. Using this approach, a robust performance region having guaranteed gain margin and phase margin criteria for nominal and 16 Kharitonov's plants are generated in the controller parameter plane. Controller robustness-fragility analysis due to the tolerance of analog compensator passive components is done with the help of a delta 20 robustness fragility index. Controller robustness, performance, and nonfragility are tested on a 200-W laboratory prototype against the load and source perturbations. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the robust controller to regulate the load voltage of the converter in spite of the limit on performance set by RHP zero.
Low amplitude rhythmic contractions in the human detrusor

Hypothesis / aims of study Low amplitude rhythmic contractions (LARC) have been observed in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) in mammals, including humans. Prior studies have quantified LARC amplitudes and frequencies in rabbit DSM and LARC response to tissue strain [1]. The urothelium and lamina propria (LP) are comprised of multiple cells types and prior research has identified multiple signalling pathways that exist in this intricate network [2]. Periodic calcium transients have also been identified emanating from urinary bladder interstitial cells in some mammals [3]. Our group has shown that LARC can contribute to detrusor preload and speculated that there may be a subset of patients with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) mediated by derangements in LARC causing increased detrusor preload. This study aims to identify a possible cholinergic mechanism for LARC as well as the effects of urothelium & LP and tissue strain on LARC in human DSM (hDSM).
Identificación y caracterización de Staphylococcus resistentes a meticilina aislados de perros

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius are important pathogens in both humans and animals mainly due to its high prevalence and their widespread antibiotic resistance. Other species belonging to this genus could play a fundamental role in the expansion of resistance genes, acting as carriers and disseminators; thus, this genus has a major impact on veterinary medicine. The aim of this work was to detect and characterize strains of Staphylococcus spp. methicillin-resistant isolated from dogs of Montevideo, including healthy dogs (carriers) and diseased dogs (with ears and skin infections). Samples were collected from animals that where admitted to the Hospital Center of the School of Veterinary Medicine – Universidad de la Republica during a one year period. Identification at the species level was carried out through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the resistance profiles were determined by antibiogram. Sixty seven isolates belonging to nine species were identified: S. pseudintermedius, S. argenteus, S. cohnii, S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis, S. arlettae, S. scheiflieri, S. xylosus and S. nepalensis. Seven strains were resistant to methicillin, and all of these were found to carry the mecA gene. Ten other strains were classified as MDR (multi drug resistance) since phenotypic studies indicated resistance to more than three classes of antibiotics. We conclude that the conditions for the transfer of methicillin resistance genes in canines are given by the existence of genes and the mobile genetic elements in which they are transported, as well as the presence of bacterial strains able to incorporate them.
Anillin/Mid1p interacts with the ESCRT-associated protein Vps4p and mitotic kinases to regulate cytokinesis in fission yeast

Cytokinesis is the final stage of the cell cycle which separates cellular constituents to produce two daughter cells. Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe we have investigated the role of various classes of proteins involved in this process. Central to these is anillin/Mid1p which forms a ring-like structure at the cell equator that predicts the site of cell separation through septation in fission yeast. Here we demonstrate a direct physical interaction between Mid1p and the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-associated protein Vps4p. The interaction is essential for cell viability, and Vps4p is required for the correct cellular localization of Mid1p. Furthermore, we show that Mid1p is phosphorylated by the aurora kinase Aurora A, that the interaction of mid1 and ark1 genes is essential for cell viability, and that Ark1p is also required for the correct cellular localization of Mid1p. We mapped the sites of phosphorylation of Mid1p by Aurora A and the polo kinase Plk1 and assessed their importance by mutational analysis. Mutational analysis revealed S332, S523 and S531 to be required for Mid1p function and its interaction with Vps4p, Ark1p and Plo1p. Combined our data suggest a physical interaction between Mip1p and Vps4p important for cytokinesis, and identify phosphorylation of Mid1p by aurora and polo kinases as being significant for this process. Author summary Replication is a property of all living cells, with cell separation, so-called cytokinesis, the final step in the process. A large number of proteins have been identified that are required for cytokinesis, but in many cases it is not understand how they interact and regulate each other. In this research we have analysed two classes of proteins founds in all eukaryotic cells with central roles in cytokinesis: the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins and the anillin protein Mid1p. We identify a direct physical interaction between the ESCRT protein Vps4 and anillin/Mid1p, and explore how it regulates cytokinesis. Midp1 activity is shown to controlled by the protein kinase Ark1p by direct phosphorylation, and this phosphorylation is important for Mid1p function. These observations identify new ways in which ESCRT and anillin/Mid1p control cell separation.
Construction of symmetric supercapacitors using anhydrous electrolytes containing heterocyclic oligomeric structures

The anhydrous electrolytes have become an important part of supercapacitors, which provide temperature‐tolerant applications in various electronic devices. This work reports on the fabrication of a wide‐temperature‐range supercapacitor using 3‐amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole (Atri)/1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether (BG) and imidazole (Imi)/BG–based electrolytes in active carbon‐based electrodes. The triazole‐terminated BG (BG(Atri)2) and Imi‐terminated BG (BG(Imi)2) were initially synthesized, and then anhydrous electrolytes were produced by doping BG(Atri)2 and BG(Imi)2 with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and ionic liquid (IL) at different molar fractions. The supercapacitors constructed with the anhydrous BG(Atri)2/H3PO4/0.1IL and BG(Imi)2/H3PO4/0.1IL electrolytes provided maximum specific capacitances (Cs) of 114 and 191 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, respectively. The corresponding electrolytes yielded the highest energy densities of 15.8 and 26.7 Wh kg−1 at the power densities of 1150 and 1225 W kg−1, respectively. The Imi‐terminated electrolyte‐based supercapacitor indicated superior performance and efficiency even after 2300 charge‐discharge cycles by holding 20% of its original capacitance. The temperature dependence of the supercapacitors' capacitances was studied, and they increased from 191 to 266 F g−1 for BG(Imi)2/H3PO4/0.1IL and from 114 to 148 F g−1 for BG(Tri)2/H3PO4/0.1IL as the temperature increased from 25°C to 75°C.
Impact of ENSO‐Like Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability on the Relative Frequency of El Niño and La Niña Events

Observational and modeling studies show that the relative frequency of El Niño and La Niña varies in association with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐like tropical Pacific decadal variability (TPDV), but the causality of the linkage remains unclear. This study presents evidence that ENSO‐like TPDV affects the frequency of ENSO events, particularly of El Niño, through a set of climate model experiments. During the positive phase of TPDV, tropical Pacific warming relative to the Indian and Atlantic Oceans increases the occurrence of anomalous westerly winds over the western equatorial Pacific in late boreal winter‐spring, triggering more El Niño and fewer La Niña events. The opposite happens for the negative TPDV phase. The La Niña frequency is also influenced by oceanic adjustments following El Niño, which tends to counteract the effect of wind changes. The mean state control of ENSO offers a potential opportunity for decadal predictions of climate extremes.
A 60-GHz SiGe Radiometer Calibration Switch Utilizing a Coupled Avalanche Noise Source

This letter presents a novel implementation of a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band single-pole double-throw switch that facilitates the internal calibration of radiometers by integrating an ambient noise source and an avalanche noise source. The switch is implemented in a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiGe bipolar-CMOS (BiCMOS) process and uses a shunt topology with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 directional couplers that inject noise from the avalanche source. The avalanche source is implemented using the collector-base junction of a SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) and attains a measured excess noise ratio of 18.7 dB at 60 GHz. The switch achieves a midband insertion loss of 2.0 dB and an isolation of 22 dB at 60 GHz. An excess input-referred noise temperature of 620 K is added with the noise source ON. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first avalanche noise source using a diode-configured SiGe HBT and the first monolithic two-reference switch for calibrating millimeter-wave radiometers.
CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR ACUTE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

This is a systematic review abstract, which will be a regular feature of the Israeli Journal of Emergency Medicine) series. Each features an abstract of a systematic review from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and a commentary by an emergency physician knowledgeable in the subject area. Systemic Review Source: The source for this systematic review abstract is: Alderson, P. and Roberts, I. Corticosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury. (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Volume 2, 2005. Cochrane Systematic Review Author Contact: Dr. Phil Anderson, MD Associate Guidelines Programme Director National Institutes of Clinical Excellence London, UK Philip.Alderson@nic.nhs. uk MesH Words: Trauma, Brain Injury, Corticosteroids
Partnering for Social Change: Collaborating With Clients and Communities

This chapter provides insight into the challenges faced by independent evaluators working in community settings. Communities are complex, requiring the independent evaluator, who chooses to work in them, to possess a unique set of personal qualities and professional competencies. Social problems are complex and community members and organizations must be engaged for interventions and evaluations to be effective. The authors delve into the evaluators’ professional competencies applicable to working with communities and the perspectives required to help communities evaluate their social change strategies. The authors discuss the necessity to demonstrate cultural humility and cross‐cultural competence, a commitment to justice and equity, an ecological perspective, empowerment, community inclusion, and knowledge of program development and implementation strategies typical in community‐oriented work. This chapter suggests guidelines and resources to assist the evaluator working in communities. It concludes with examples of results from the authors’ work as independent evaluation consultants working with community coalitions.
Resolving Indeterminacy Approach to Solve Multi-Criteria Zero-Sum Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Goals

The intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is applied in various decision-making problems to express vagueness and showed great success in realizing the day-to-day problems. The principal aim of this article is to develop an approach for solving multi-criteria matrix game with intuitionistic fuzzy (I-fuzzy) goals. The proposed approach introduces the indeterminacy resolving functions of I-fuzzy numbers and discusses the I-fuzzy inequalities concept. Then, an effective algorithm based on the indeterminacy resolving algorithm is developed to obtain Pareto optimal security strategies for both players through solving a pair of multi-objective linear programming problems constructed from two auxiliary I-fuzzy programming problems. It is shown that this multi-criteria matrix game with I-fuzzy goals is an extension of the multi-criteria matrix game with fuzzy goals. Moreover, two numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the applicability and implementation process of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the achieved numerical results are compared with the existing algorithms to show the advantages of our algorithm.
EEG activity during balance platform test in humans

In order to analyze different human brain states related to perception and maintaining of body posture, we implemented an experiment with a balance platform. It is known the cerebral cortex regulates subcortical postural centers to maintain upright balance and posture and balance demands. However, the cortical mechanisms that support standing balance remain elusive. In this work, we present an EEG-based analysis during execution of balance responses with distinct postural demands. The results suggest the existence of common features in the EEG structure associated with distinct activity during balance maintaining. This may give new directions for future research in the field of brain activity, and for the development of brain-computer interfaces.
Translocation of Chapalichthys encaustus (Actinopterygii: Goodeidae) in the Teuchitlán River, Jalisco, Mexico

Background and goal. The translocation of the Barred Splitfin Chapalichthys encaustus (Goodeidae) in the Teuchitlan River, located at the headwaters of the Ameca river basin in the center of the state of Jalisco, is reported for the first time. Methods. The fish record was obtained approximately 1 km from the origin of the river. Fish were deposited in the ichthyology collection of the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo (CPUM). Results. On July 17, 2015 an adult female specimen of this species with a total length of 65 mm was collected. The specimen is described and illustrated. In subsequent collections a male specimen of the same species was also obtained. Conclusion. The Barred Splitfin is one of the few documented cases of native translocated ichthyofauna for Mexico and its possible impact on the Teuchitlan River has not been determined.
Clostridium difficile infection : the role of antibiotics in outbreak control, epidemiology and treatment

Since a decade, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased progressively in incidence and severity of disease. Currently, CDI is considered the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhoea, associated with an increased duration of hospitalization, healthcare expenses, morbidity and mortality. This thesis describes our findings with outbreak control, diagnosis, identification of specific risk factors and treatment of CDI after the discovery of the emergence of C. difficile PCR-ribotype 027 in the Netherlands. The studies illustrate the role of antibiotics in relation to persistence, severeness and spreading of CDI. Antibiotics are shown to be a primary risk factor for the development of (ribotype-specific) CDI and an essential part of the outbreak control measures (“bundle-approach”), namely antibiotic stewardship. The use of antibacterials is a risk for selection of novel endemic C. difficile strains in e.g. animals, which introduce an increasing risk of alternative zoonotic transmission routes. Except for very mild CDI, which is clearly induced by usage of specific antibiotics, antibacterial treatment is advised. This thesis reviews the comparative effectiveness of the currently available treatment modalities, thereby providing evidence-based recommendations for CDI remedies. Treatment options include: oral and non-oral antibiotics, toxin-binding resins and polymers, immunotherapy, probiotics, faecal or bacterial intestinal transplantation.
Phase III results for the novel neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist, casopitant: 3-Day IV/oral dosing regimen for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients (Pts) receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC)

20585 Background: In a phase II dose-ranging trial, casopitant, a novel NK-1 receptor antagonist, demonstrated efficacy in preventing CINV in pts receiving HEC. Here we present results of a 3-day IV/oral regimen of casopitant added to ondansetron/dexamethasone (OND/DEX) for the prevention CINV events in pts receiving HEC. Methods: This multinational, double-blind, active-controlled trial included 810 pts with 99% of pts receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy (up to 6 cycles). Pts were randomized to a 3-day IV/oral dose arm (casopitant 90 mg IV + OND 32 mg IV + DEX 12 mg PO) on D1 plus casopitant 50 mg PO D2–3 + DEX 8 mg PO QD D2–4, or either a single dose casopitant arm (150 mg PO + OND 32 mg IV + DEX 12 mg PO) on D1, or no additional therapy (CTRL; OND 32 mg IV + DEX 20 mg PO) on D1 plus DEX 8 mg PO BID D2–4. Complete Response (CR; no vomiting/retching, rescue medications) in the first 120 hrs of HEC was the primary endpoint. Results: A statistically significant improvement (at a 2.5% level of significan.
ACTIVE LEARNING IN A SECOND YEAR SURVEYING COURSE

As a course that develops both cognitive and psychomotor skills of geomatics engineering students, the second-year surveying course at the University of Calgary has been re-designed to include more active, constructive and interactive learning experiences. Classroom activities have been designed around the idea that a balance between the four levels of learning in the ICAP (interactive-constructive-active-passive) framework should be achieved. Passive learning is acceptable because it provides students with time to accumulate knowledge and overcome their initial uncertainty in the surveying classroom. Eventually, their learning undergoes transformation most notably during the interactive team-based field labs. An observation protocol has been designed, which, in addition to mapping student learning, assesses the teaching and learning environment and specifically its student cognitive and behavioural engagement aspects. The provisional results in winter 2019 confirmed that the geomatics engineering students were more engaged in the learning process as the time spent practicing active and constructive learning accounted for 78% of the class time in three observed lectures.
Una novedosa propuesta de implementación de metodologías Agile en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una asignatura de Ingeniería en sistemas informáticos

Resumen. Durante los últimos años las metodologías Agile aparecieron como reacción a los métodos tradicionales de desarrollo de software, reconociendo además la necesidad de documentación alternativa en el desarrollo. En la actualidad, en la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas, se siguen utilizando metodologías tradicionales para la enseñanza de desarrollo de software, creando una brecha entre el campo universitario y campo profesional. Este trabajo presenta una novedosa propuesta de aplicación de metodologías ágiles (Agile) en la enseñanza enfocada en el desarrollo de software. La aplicación de este enfoque es potencialmente viable y provechoso para las asignaturas de desarrollo de software de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas Informáticos. El presente artículo describe la propuesta de implementación de metodologías Agile dentro de una asignatura de este tipo. Asimismo, se realiza un relevamiento inicial en docentes y alumnos acerca de la viabilidad de la aplicación de este tipo de metodologías en otras asignaturas de la carrera. Por último, se lleva a cabo una evaluación de los resultados preliminares de la primera experiencia de la aplicación de la propuesta, con la participación de un docente y un grupo de estudiantes, en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una asignatura real.
Polarons in Metal Halide Perovskites

The peculiar optoelectronic properties of metal‐halide perovskites, partly underlying their success in solar cells and light emitting devices, are likely related to the complex interplay of electronic and structural features mediated by formation of polarons. In this paper the current status of polaron physics in metal‐halide perovskites is reviewed based on a first‐principles computational perspective, which has delivered hitherto noaccessible insights into the electronic and structural features associated with polaron formation in this materials class. The role of organic (dipolar) versus inorganic (spherical) A‐site cations is extensively analyzed, these cations are related to modulation of the energetics and structural extension of polarons in lead‐halide perovskites. Further tuning of polaron energetics is achieved by individual variations in metal (e.g., Pb → Sn) and halide (e.g., I → Br), showing a transition from a semilocalized to a localized polaron regime in which charge holes can be trapped at isolated Sn centers. The vastly varying and tunable nature of charge lattice interactions represents a peculiarity of metal‐halide perovskites that should be taken into account when designing novel materials or targeting specific compositional engineering of existing perovskites.