Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Executive Function, Chaos and Temperament: Specificities in Preschoolers with Externalizing Behaviors

Various factors may contribute to the emergence of externalizing behavior (EB) problems in the preschool period. At the child level, temperament and executive function (EF) seem to play an important role, as well as environmental variables such as household chaos. In this study, we examined the profiles of 49 EB preschoolers compared to 49 typically developing (TD) preschoolers matched on age and gender. To evaluate the behavioral aspect of EB, we asked teachers and parents to fill out questionnaires, but we also used an observational paradigm. We assessed executive functions using attention, inhibition, flexibility and working memory tests. Finally, we used questionnaires to assess household chaos and child temperament. Results showed that children rated by parents as presenting EB were also assessed so by teachers and exhibited more agitation in our observational paradigm. As expected, EB children also presented weaker performance than the TD children in all EF tasks, except those measuring attention, and showed a larger reaction-time variability. Parents of the EB group reported a more chaotic environment at home. Finally, we found that child temperament (i.e., emotionality) also plays a role in group belonging. This study shows that EB children already exhibit specific characteristics by the time they are of preschool age, not only in the behavioral sphere, but also in the cognitive and environmental areas. However, despite all the differences between the two groups, a discriminant analysis showed that EF capacities have a weak power for EB diagnosis.
Learning Actionable Representations with Goal-Conditioned Policies

Representation learning is a central challenge across a range of machine learning areas. In reinforcement learning, effective and functional representations have the potential to tremendously accelerate learning progress and solve more challenging problems. Most prior work on representation learning has focused on generative approaches, learning representations that capture all underlying factors of variation in the observation space in a more disentangled or well-ordered manner. In this paper, we instead aim to learn functionally salient representations: representations that are not necessarily complete in terms of capturing all factors of variation in the observation space, but rather aim to capture those factors of variation that are important for decision making -- that are "actionable. " These representations are aware of the dynamics of the environment, and capture only the elements of the observation that are necessary for decision making rather than all factors of variation, without explicit reconstruction of the observation. We show how these representations can be useful to improve exploration for sparse reward problems, to enable long horizon hierarchical reinforcement learning, and as a state representation for learning policies for downstream tasks. We evaluate our method on a number of simulated environments, and compare it to prior methods for representation learning, exploration, and hierarchical reinforcement learning.
Reconstruction of the Vancomycin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Phenotype From a Vancomycin-Intermediate S. aureus XN108

The emergence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) has raised healthcare concerns worldwide. VISA is often associated with multiple genetic changes. However, the relative contributions of these changes to VISA phenotypes are incompletely defined. We have characterized VISA XN108 with vancomycin MIC of 12 μg/ml. Genome comparison revealed that WalK(S221P), GraS(T136I), and RpoB(H481N) mutations possibly contributed to the VISA phenotype of XN108. In this study, the above mutations were stepwise cured, and the phenotypes between XN108 and its derivates were compared. We constructed four isogenic mutant strains, XN108-WalK(P221S) (termed as K65), XN108-GraS(I136T) (termed as S65), XN108-RpoB(N481H) (termed as B65), and XN108-WalK(P221S)/GraS(I136T) (termed as KS65), using the allelic replacement experiments with the native alleles derived from a vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus isolate DP65. Antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed K65 and S65 exhibited decreased vancomycin resistance, whereas B65 revealed negligibly differed when compared with the wild-type XN108. Sequentially introducing WalK(P221S) and GraS(I136T) completely converted XN108 into a VSSA phenotype. Transmission electronic microscopy and autolysis determination demonstrated that cell wall thickening and decreasing autolysis were associated with the change of vancomycin resistance levels. Compared with XN108, K65 exhibited 577 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whereas KS65 presented 555 DEGs. Of those DEGs, 390 were common in K65 and KS65, including those upregulated genes responsible for citrate cycle and bacterial autolysis, and the downregulated genes involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis and teichoic acid modification. In conclusion, a VSSA phenotype could be completely reconstituted from a VISA strain XN108. WalK(S221P) and GraS(T136I) mutations may work synergistically in conferring vancomycin resistance in XN108.
The shape of the bacterial ribosome exit tunnel affects cotranslational protein folding

The E.coli ribosome exit tunnel can accommodate small folded proteins, while larger ones fold outside. It remains unclear, however, to what extent the geometry of the tunnel influences protein folding. Here, using E. coli ribosomes with deletions in loops in proteins uL23 and uL24 that protrude into the tunnel, we investigate how tunnel geometry determines where proteins of different sizes fold. We find that a 29-residue zinc-finger domain normally folding close to the uL23 loop folds deeper in the tunnel in uL23 Δloop ribosomes, while two ~100-residue protein normally folding close to the uL24 loop near the tunnel exit port fold at deeper locations in uL24 Δloop ribosomes, in good agreement with results obtained by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. This supports the idea that cotranslational folding commences once a protein domain reaches a location in the exit tunnel where there is sufficient space to house the folded structure.
28 GHz 1.8 dB Insertion Loss SPDT Switch with 24 dB Isolation in 65 nm CMOS

28 GHz SPDT switch has been designed and fabricated in 65 nm CMOS with deep N-well as a building block for beamforming-based 5th generation mobile communication systems. The measured insertion loss is 1.8 dB at 28 GHz, and IIP3 is measured as 11.75 dBm. The input and output return losses are $< -14\mathrm{dB}$ and $< -15\mathrm{dB}$, respectively.
Multiple calmodulin genes of the Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda: Haliotidae)

ABSTRACT In this study, we identified four canonical calmodulin genes in the Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. Their full-length cDNAs were variable in the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, but highly similar (91–97%) in the coding region. Each of the genes encoded 149 amino acids, with 93–97% similarity among themselves and 94–98% similarity with human CAM I. There were 54 substitutions distributed unevenly throughout the coding regions, found mostly in the third codon position. Gene structure analysis revealed that each of the calmodulin genes comprised five exons and four introns. The intron positions and phases were identical and there were no introns in the fourth exon. The corresponding introns differed in their sequences and sizes. Expression profiles of nine tissues from abalone revealed that the calmodulin genes were transcribed in common in gill and mantle tissue, but differentially in the other tissues. A phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences revealed that calmodulin C was the most common isoform in Gastropoda and calmodulin was the most diverged isoform. An in silico analysis of the calmodulin genes identified paralogous genes in other Haliotis species, indicating that gene duplication might have occurred in the last common ancestor of Haliotis. Abbreviations: ORF: open reading frame; RACE: random amplification of cDNA end; TSA: transcriptome shotgun assembly; UTR: untranslated region
Exploring the Relationship Between Social Networking Site Usage and Participation in Protest Activities

A methodological approach is developed for exploring the relationship between the use of social networking sites and participation in protest activities. Although a recent meta-analysis study demonstrated that there is a positive association between the two, little work examining this association further appears to have been published. The methodology proposed here studies the patterns of the relationship between nine social media and five types of protest activity using the techniques of multiple correspondence analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and induction of decision rules. The results give insights into the relationship in different segments of individuals’ profiles defined as non-activist, offline activist, social media user (two types) and online activist. Significantly, this last segment proves to be a small and heterogeneous group. The results also show that the proposed approach is useful for exploring the patterns of the relationship in a low-dimensional space. Limitations of the methodology and possible extensions are discussed.
Exercise-Induced Asthma: Pathophysiology and Treatment

No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading exercise induced asthma pathophysiology and treatment is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
Présence des résidus de médicaments dans les différents compartiments du milieu aquatique

Les substances pharmaceutiques appartiennent a la classe des contaminants emergents qui sont depuis peu etudies dans les milieux naturels. Ces composes synthetiques d’usage tres repandu, crees pour avoir un effet biologique therapeutique, consommes en quantites tres importantes, sont introduits dans le milieu aquatique via les stations d’epuration. Apres la mise au point des differents protocoles d’analyse (phase dissoute, phase particulaire), un premier bilan de la contamination de differents systemes aquatiques (Seine, Gironde, Loire, Adour, milieu marin cotier mediterraneen) a ete dresse. Differentes techniques analytiques dans le domaine de l’analyse physico-chimique organique environnementale (GC/MS, extraction assistee par micro-ondes, SPE…), ont permis de mettre en evidence une reelle contamination du milieu aquatique par ces composes, quel que soit le systeme etudie. Les concentrations mesurees vont, selon les composes, les stations et les saisons de quelques ng/L a quelques dizaines de μg/L pour les eaux de riviere ou les eaux marines. Ces travaux demontrent clairement que le compartiment dissous est le plus contamine mais egalement que les phases particulaire et sedimentaire peuvent egalement jouer un role non negligeable dans la distribution de ces composes dans l’environnement aquatique.
Can lifelike baby dolls reduce symptoms of anxiety, agitation, or aggression for people with dementia in long-term care? Findings from a pilot randomised controlled trial

Abstract Objectives: To compare a lifelike baby doll intervention for reducing anxiety, agitation, and aggression in older people with dementia in long-term care (LTC), with usual facility care; and explore the perceptions of care staff about doll therapy. Method: Pilot, mixed-methods, parallel, randomised controlled trial, with follow-up semi-structured interviews. Thirty-five residents from five LTC facilities in Queensland, Australia were randomised to the lifelike baby doll intervention (three, 30-minute, individual, non-facilitated sessions per week) or usual care. Outcomes were changes in levels of anxiety, agitation, and aggression after the 3-week intervention, and short-term effects at week 1. Following intention-to-treat principles, repeated measure MANOVA was undertaken. Qualitative interviews involved five staff. Results: The doll intervention did not significantly reduce residents’ anxiety, agitation, or aggression when compared to usual care at weeks 3 (primary outcome) and 1 (secondary outcome). However, there was a significant group-by-time interaction for the outcome of pleasure – the doll group showed a greater increase in displays of pleasure at week 3 compared to baseline than usual care (F(1,31) = 4.400, p = 0.044; Cohen’s d = 0.74). Staff perceived benefits for residents included emotional comfort, a calming effect, and providing a purposeful activity. Perceived limitations were that doll therapy may only be suitable for some individuals, some of the time, and the potential for residents to care for the doll at the expense of their health. Conclusions: Doll therapy can provide some residents with enjoyment and purposeful engagement. Further research should focus on understanding the individual characteristics and circumstances in which residents most benefit.
Hipotensão pós-exercício resistido em homens hipertensos: influência do uso de captopril

QUEIROZ, A. C. C. Post-resistance exercise hypotension in hypertensive men: influence of captopril treatment. 2013. 149 f. Tese (Doutorado) Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2013. A session of resistance exercise promotes post-exercise hypotension in hypertensive subjects (HT). Due to the cardiovascular alterations imposed by the disease, it is possible that HT present hypotensive mechanisms different from those observed in normotensive subjects (NT). Moreover, HT frequently receive antihypertensive medications that might affect post-exercise responses. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate, in HT men, the effects of resistance exercise session on blood pressure (BP) and its hemodynamic and neural mechanisms, comparing these effects with the responses observed in NT and verifying the effect of captopril use on these responses. Twelve HT (50±3 years) and 14 NT (44±3 years) participated in the study. HT were studied in two situations, after 4 weeks of placebo and captopril (3 x 50mg/day) administered in a crossover double-blind design. NT was studied only once without any medication. At each group/situation, subjects underwent 2 experimental sessions performed in a random order: Control (rest) and Exercise (6 resistance exercises, 3 sets until moderated fatigue, 50% of 1RM). Measurements were taken before and in 2 post-intervention moments (Post1 between 30-80min and Post2 after 7pm). Moreover, ambulatory BP was measured after the sessions. In Post1, systolic BP decreased similarly in all groups/situations (NT=-8±2; unmedicated HT=-13±2; medicated HT=-12±2mmHg). Diastolic BP also decreased, but this decrease was greater in unmedicated HT compared with NT (-9±1 vs. -4±1mmHg, respectively), and were similar in HT with and without medication. Regardless of group/situation, exercise promoted a decrease in cardiac output (CO) in some subjects and a reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in others. Stroke volume (SV) decreased (NT=-14±5; unmedicated HT=-11±5; medicated HT=-17±5ml) and HR increased (NT=13±3; unmedicated HT=13±2; medicated HT=13±2bpm) after exercise similarly in all groups/situations. Also similarly between groups/situations, cardiac sympathovagal balance increased (NT=+1,9±0,4, unmedicated HT=+1.4±0.3, medicated HT=+1,8±0,3) and BS decreased (NT=-5±1; unmedicated HT=-4±2; medicated HT=+3±1mmHg/bpm) post-exercise. In Post2, in all groups/situations, exercise did not affect any variable. In addition, ambulatory
Dead wood fungi in North America: an insight into research and conservation potential

Saproxylic fungi act as keystone species in forest ecosystems because they colonise and decompose dead wood, facilitating colonisation by later species. Here, we review the importance of intact forest ecosystems to dead wood fungi, as well as trends in their diversity research and challenges in conservation. Saproxylic communities are sensitive to transition from virgin forests to managed ecosystems, since the latter often results in reduced tree diversity and the removal of their natural habitat dead wood. The impact of dead wood management can be quite significant since many saproxylic fungi are host-specific. The significance of citizen science and educational programmes for saproxylic mycology is discussed with the emphasis on the North American region. We intend to raise the awareness of the role that dead wood fungi play in forest health in order to support development of corresponding conservational programmes.
Analysis of Dissipated Power in Envelope Amplifier Output Filters

The paper addresses power dissipation within the output filter of a buck-converter-based envelope amplifier (EA) and its effect on the overall envelope tracking (ET) system efficiency. For a 57 W peak-power GaN-based ET system operating at 1620 MHz and 40 V supply, the power dissipated in the EA output filter is compared to the power loss in the entire ET system. Three different fourth-order LC low-pass filters with 10 MHz cut-off frequency are investigated regarding their load-dependent dissipated power during static and dynamic EA operation, i.e., with constant and modulated EA output voltages, for an 8 MHz OFDM-modulated RF input signal. It is found that the portion of the power dissipated in the filter constitutes a considerable part of the overall power dissipation of the ET system for a wide range of output power. Alternative filters of similar order and cut-off frequency show an estimated EA efficiency difference of up to 5 % points. Furthermore, the investigations show that considering the static case alone, where the filter is loaded by a fixed impedance, may lead to totally wrong conclusions for more realistic dynamic conditions in the ET system.
Antibiotic resistance in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review

Orofacial infections have plagued humankind for as long as our species has existed. Most of these infections are odontogenic in origin and one of the most frequently occurring infectious processes known both to the antiquity and present day health practice. Antibiotics can destroy bacteria (bacteriocidal) or sometimes just nullify growth (bacteriostatic). Most antibiotics in human use as antibacterials are natural products, elaborated by one species of microbe (bacteria or fungi) as chemical weapons, often in times of crowding, to destroy other microbes in the neighbouring microenvironment. Over the past 60–70 years most antibiotics have been discovered by screening of soil samples for such natural products that destroy bacteria, including known pathogens, first on culture plates and then in animal infections. These include penicillins and cephalosporins from fungi and a host of antibiotics from different strains of the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces, such as streptomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline and vancomycin. Semisynthetic modifications have produced secondand third generation b-lactams of both the penicillin and cephalosporin classes whereas total synthesis has created the secondgeneration erythromycins — clarithromycin and azithromycin. As of the end of 1999, only the fluoroquinolones (for example, ciprofloxacin) represent a totally synthetic, significant class of antibiotic.
A Survey of Enabling Technologies for Network Localization, Tracking, and Navigation

Location information for events, assets, and individuals, mostly focusing on two dimensions so far, has triggered a multitude of applications across different verticals, such as consumer, networking, industrial, health care, public safety, and emergency response use cases. To fully exploit the potential of location awareness and enable new advanced location-based services, localization algorithms need to be combined with complementary technologies including accurate height estimation, i.e., three dimensional location, reliable user mobility classification, and efficient indoor mapping solutions. This survey provides a comprehensive review of such enabling technologies. In particular, we present cellular localization systems including recent results on 5G localization, and solutions based on wireless local area networks, highlighting those that are capable of computing 3D location in multi-floor indoor environments. We overview range-free localization schemes, which have been traditionally explored in wireless sensor networks and are nowadays gaining attention for several envisioned Internet of Things applications. We also present user mobility estimation techniques, particularly those applicable in cellular networks, that can improve localization and tracking accuracy. Regarding the mapping of physical space inside buildings for aiding tracking and navigation applications, we study recent advances and focus on smartphone-based indoor simultaneous localization and mapping approaches. The survey concludes with service availability and system scalability considerations, as well as security and privacy concerns in location architectures, discusses the technology roadmap, and identifies future research directions.
Autopercepción de capacidades de autocuidado para prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en estudiantes universitarios

Introducción: La incidencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT), va en aumento entre la población más joven. La autopercepción de capacidades de autocuidado (CAC), es un punto de partida para el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas para el propio cuidado. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de autopercepción de CAC para la prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso, para establecer estrategias que permitan un mejor conocimiento de su salud. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal y analítico. Muestra aleatorizada, obtenida por cálculo de poblaciones finitas. Se aplicó el Instrumento para identificar las capacidades de autocuidado en enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, salud sexual-reproductiva y prevención de adicciones; análisis descriptivo y analítico, con pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Resultados: La autopercepción de CAC fue muy buena en un 8%, buena en 54%, regular en 36% y mala en 2%. Las diferencias entre áreas de conocimiento y el nivel de autopercepción fueron significativas (p=0.025). La licenciatura en medicina tuvo mejor puntaje de autocuidado (=27.51). Discusión: Los principales resultados encontrados coinciden con diversos estudios que evalúan la dimensión de autopercepción. Existen claras divergencias entre el autocuidado percibido y el realizado, lo que hace evidente la necesidad de desarrollo de CAC. Conclusiones: Es necesario promover estilos saludables para mitigar efectos, costos e implicaciones sociales. Se puede incidir desde la consultoría de enfermería, para favorecer el desarrollo de capacidades de autocuidado en estudiantes universitarios.
Decomposition of feedback between time series in a bivariate error-correction model

This paper adapts Geweke's [1982] method of decomposing the feedback between time series by frequency to the case of 1(1) time series generated by a bivariate error-correction model. The method is applied to long-run data on US and UK price levels with the finding that most of the feedback between the two time series occurs at very low frequencies.