Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of Gentrification in a Tourist City

An ongoing debate among urban researchers is whether renewal processes such as historic preservation and gentrification strengthen or disrupt communities. We examine the relationship between gentrification, tourism and community change in Charleston, SC, from 1970 to 2000. We use data from the U.S. Census to document multiple dimensions of gentrification. Our findings suggest that an accessible, census-based measure for identifying the changing character of a neighborhood may be the proportion of “native” residents (in this case, those born in South Carolina). We use the case of Charleston to illustrate the challenges inherent in maintaining community in tourism communities. Understanding patterns of growth and change in Charleston can help urban scholars better anticipate the consequences of tourism and gentrification for the social environment. Introduction Understanding the consequences of urban redevelopment processes such as gentrification and historic preservation is a central concern of urban scholars. In the United States, gentrification is usually associated with the incursion of the middle-class into an urban “frontier,” often resulting in the displacement of lower income residents (Smith, 1996). In the European context, some cities have taken a different approach and place greater emphasis on maintaining social diversity in redeveloped areas (Fitch, 1990). The recent gentrification literature is increasingly context-dependent as researchers seek to prevent inaccurate assumptions and generalizations regarding patterns of neighborhood change. The traditional stage model of gentrification has been challenged and expanded via case studies that present quite alternative manifestations of the archetypal gentrification (i.e. white middle-class upscales blighted inner-city area and displaces low-income ethnic/racial minority residents) (see for example, Smith and Graves 2005; Lees 2003; Gotham 2005; Van Criekingen and Decroly 2003). We examine the impact of gentrification by presenting a case study of the city of Charleston, South Carolina. In Charleston, gentrification emerged as a consequence of the historic preservation movement. The preservation movement had emerged as a strategy to control development in downtown Charleston. A major consequence of the success of the historic preservation movement has been the growth of tourism as a major industry in the city. As gentrification and preservation have occurred, changes in the physical environment have affected the social environment as well. By examining impact of gentrification for the period 1970-2000, we present a case of ongoing urban redevelopment that which illustrates multiple dimensions of neighborhood change.
Thermal Conductivity of Composites: How Comsol Revealed an Omission in a Classical Paper

The initial motivation for this work was to explore the relationship between the shape of particles and the thermal conductivity of nanofluids or nanocomposites containing them. Since the possibility for manufacturing exotically-shaped particles is ever growing, it was thought useful to devise a way to select which materials and shapes have a potential for better thermal properties. Literature [1] suggests that a wide range of experimental data on nanofluids can be well represented by a standard conduction model taking into account an interfacial resistance between the particles and the matrix in which they are embedded. In practice, the heat conduction problem is solved in a cubic cell containing one particle and submitted to a unit temperature gradient on two opposite sides and a zero-flux condition on the others. The heat flux through the cell is computed and translated into an equivalent conductivity K. The calculation is repeated for various particle sizes, corresponding to various particle volume fractions v. The K-v relationship is then analyzed as a series expansion K/Km = 1 + [K]. v + O(v2) where Km is the conductivity of the matrix and [K], termed the "intrinsic conductivity", is the final result. The computations were done using COMSOL Multiphysics with two "Heat Transfer in Solids" interfaces coupled by a flux condition. An "extra-fine" physics-controlled meshed was used in most cases. For the sake of validation, this procedure was applied to the case of spherical or ellipsoidal particles that is treated analytically in a classical 1997 paper by Nan et al. [2]. Excellent results were obtained with particles without interfacial resistance, as shown on Figure 1 (Kp: conductivity of the particles; // and perp: parallel and perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the ellipsoids; p is the aspect ratio; dashed lines: ±2%). On the other hand, agreement was very poor when interfacial resistance was introduced (Figure 2), in spite of attempts at global or local mesh refinement, change of solver or use of approximate models in the case of high Kp/Km ratios. In the face of these repeated failures, it was thought that the problem might stem from the analytical equations and decided to go back to their derivation in the original paper. The latter calculates the contribution of the interfacial layer by embedding the ellipsoidal particle in a constant-thickness layer that is made vanishingly small. Careful scrutiny of the derivation showed that two erroneous assumptions had been made in [2]: firstly, the external layer was assimilated to an ellipsoid; secondly, it was assumed to have the same aspect ratio as the particle. Taking the first point into account proved far beyond the mathematical skills of the author. On the other hand, it was possible to modify Nan et al.'s formulae for the aspect ratio effect and to obtain a much improved (though not perfect) agreement as shown by Figure 3 (dashed lines: ±10%).
Some Notes on Multi-armed Bandits

Machine learning, and in particular, supervised learning, is the study of making statistical inferences from previously collected data. Multi-armed bandits is more about an interaction between an agent (algorithm) and an environment where one simultaneously collects data and makes inferences in a closed-loop. You have n “arms” or actions, representing distributions. “Pulling” an arm represents requesting a sample from that arm. At each time t = 1, 2, 3, .
Predictive values of inflammatory cell ratios for complexity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR), MPV to platelet ratio (MPVPR) and the complexity of coronary artery disease (CCAD) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using the SYNTAX score (SS) algorithm. Materials and Methods: A total of 599 patients with ACS undergoing coronary arteriography were enrolled and divided into three groups according to their SS: low SS group ≤22 (low-SSG,); intermediate SSG ≥23 and ≤32 (in-SSG,); and high- SSG ≥33 (high-SSG). Routine complete blood count parameters were analyzed at hospital admission. Results: There were significant differences between three groups in terms of PLR and MPVLR values (P = 0.007 and P = 0.029). Correlation analysis showed that PLR and MPVLR were positively correlated with CCAD (r = 0.095, P = 0.018 and r = 0.112, P = 0.005, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, MPVLR was not an independent predictor of CCAD, whereas PLR was found to be a weak independent predictor of CCAD (odds ratio = 1.003 [1.001–1.006], P = 0.021). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that PRL had low sensitivity (56.2%) and specificity (51.6%) for prediction of CCAD. Conclusion: Our study showed that NLR, MPVPR, and MPVLR were not independent predictors of CCAD in patients with ACS. PLR had such a weak relationship with CCAD that it could not be used for prediction of CCAD in these patients.
Beyond 256 shades of grey: Quantitative MRI for probing brain microstructure

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) finds increasing application in neuroscience and clinical research due to its greater specificity and its sensitivity to microstructural properties of brain tissue. Multiparameter mapping (MPM) is a comprehensive qMRI protocol [1], including an acquisition, modeling, and processing framework that ultimately provides high-resolution whole brain maps of the magnetization transfer saturation ( ), proton density ( ), longitudinal and effective transverse relaxation rate ( and ).
Antidiarrhoeal activity of Zingiber officinale (Rosc.).

Zingiber officinale (ginger) was studied for its antimicrobial profile and effect on virulent features of diarrhoeal pathogens, viz. colonization of epithelial cells and production of enterotoxins. Z. officinale showed no antimicrobial activity. Although it inhibited the production of cholera toxin, it had no effect on the action of this toxin. It also had no effect on the production and action of E. coli heat labile and heat stable toxins. However the bacterial colonization of HEp2 cells was reduced. The results indicate that in the absence of antimicrobial action, Z. officinale exhibits its antidiarrhoeal activity by affecting bacterial and host cell metabolism. The present study reports a novel mechanism of action by Z. officinale in infectious diarrhoea.
Studies on the promoter region of the boving prion protein gene(PRNP)

報告番号: 甲24746 ; 学位授与年月日: 2009-03-23 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(農学) ; 学位記番号: 博農第3456号 ; 研究科・専攻: 農学生命科学研究科応用動物科学専攻
Transforming Nursing Education and Practice through Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence (EI) and its potential to transform nursing education and practice were examined using available literature. The concept of EI was explored and its relationship with intelligence quotient, a traditional indicator of success, was discussed. Current literature indicates EI's potential to enhance an individual's chances of success in his or her career. As a relat ional based discipl ine, the integration of EI with nursing education and practice may potentially contribute to the transformation of the nursing profession. Further studies are required to more accurately measure or understand the various facets of this uniquely human and personal skill and how it directly relates to success in higher education, nursing education, and nursing practice, and ultimately transform nursing practice.
Advances in Environmental Biology

Necessary of planning, including the medium-term, short term or long term is clear to anyone. Strategic planning coordinates resources to achieve objectives and increase organizational consciousness and awareness towards the dynamicity of the environment. Lake of Strategic planning makes absence of creating added value by organizational resources. Reviewing the literature on strategy formulation techniques in this field raises questions. Does an organization can coordinate their resources without a systematic analysis? Do the environmental opportunities and threats must not be ordered in a controlled manner? How organizations can update their strategic knowledge more quickly?
TRAF3 inhibits signaling by Toll‐like receptors in B lymphocytes

TRAF3, a cytoplasmic adaptor protein, binds directly to a number of receptors of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF‐R) superfamily. To elucidate the physiological functions of TRAF3 in B lymphocytes, we recently generated B cell‐specific TRAF3‐deficient mice, and reported that TRAF3 is a critical regulator of peripheral B cell homeostasis. In light of the evidence that TRAF3 is required for type I interferon production induced by Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) in myeloid cells, the present study further investigated whether and how TRAF3 regulates signaling by TLRs in B lymphocytes. Interestingly, we found that B cell responses to agonists for TLR3, 4, 7/8 and 9, including surface molecule upregulation, cytokine production, and Ig isotype switching, were markedly enhanced by TRAF3 deficiency. Our findings indicate that in contrast to myeloid cells, TRAF3 inhibits TLR signaling in B lymphocytes, and suggest that TRAF3 may play important roles in modulating humoral immunity in response to pathogen infections.
Learning from Crowdsourced Virtual Reality Demonstrations

Learning from demonstration (LfD) has been a widely popular methodology for teaching robots how to perform manipulation tasks because it leverages human knowledge. However, collecting high quality demonstrations that can be used for learning robot policies can be time-consuming and difficult. Recently, some researchers have begun using consumer-grade virtual reality (VR) hardware as a more efficient means of teleoperating a robot for collecting demonstrations. Previous work in this space has focused on tasks and algorithms that require relatively little data due to the time-sink of demonstration generation. We propose a novel crowd-sourcing framework that takes advantage of the large virtual reality gaming community. By treating these experienced VR users as citizen scientists, we will empower our robot with the demonstration data needed to complete complex manipulation tasks.
Thioredoxin from Escherichia coli

A competition radioimmunoassay for Escherichia coli thioredoxin using /sup 125/I-labeled thioredoxin-S/sub 2/ and a double antibody technique was developed. The method permits determination of picomole amounts of thioredoxin in crude cell extracts and was used to study the localization of thioredoxin cell fractions. E. coli B was calculated to have approximately 10,000 copies of thioredoxin per cell mainly located in the soluble fraction after separation of the membrane and soluble fractions by gentle lysis and centrifugation. E. coli B tsnC mutants which are defective in the replication of phage T7 DNA in vivo and in vitro were examined for their content of thioredoxin. E. coli B tsnC 7004 contained no detectable level of thioredoxin in cell-free extracts examined under a variety of conditions. The results strongly suggest that tsnC 7004 is a nonsense or deletion mutant. Two other E. coli tsnC mutants, 7007 and 7008, contained detectable levels of thioredoxin in crude extracts as measured by thioredoxin reductase and gave similar immunoprecipitation reactions as the parent strain B/1. By radioimmunoassay incompletely cross-reacting material was present in both strains. These results show that tsnC 7007 and 7008 belong to a type of thioredoxin mutants with missence mutations in the thioredoxin genemore » affecting the function of thioredoxin as subunit in phage T7 DNA polymerase. « less
Review on Efficiency and Anomalies in Stock Markets

The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) is one of the most important economic and financial hypotheses that have been tested over the past century. Due to many abnormal phenomena and conflicting evidence, otherwise known as anomalies against EMH, some academics have questioned whether EMH is valid, and pointed out that the financial literature has substantial evidence of anomalies, so that many theories have been developed to explain some anomalies. To address the issue, this paper reviews the theory and literature on market efficiency and market anomalies. We give a brief review on market efficiency and clearly define the concept of market efficiency and the EMH. We discuss some efforts that challenge the EMH. We review different market anomalies and different theories of Behavioral Finance that could be used to explain such market anomalies. This review is useful to academics for developing cutting-edge treatments of financial theory that EMH, anomalies, and Behavioral Finance underlie. The review is also beneficial to investors for making choices of investment products and strategies that suit their risk preferences and behavioral traits predicted from behavioral models. Finally, when EMH, anomalies and Behavioral Finance are used to explain the impacts of investor behavior on stock price movements, it is invaluable to policy makers, when reviewing their policies, to avoid excessive fluctuations in stock markets.
Transformer-Based Models for SQuAD 2.0

In this paper, we used SQuAD 2.0 dataset and built several end-to-end systems to perform automated question answering base on the given context. We built a question answering system that improved the Bi-Directional Attention Flow (BiDAF) baseline on SQuAD 2.0 using Non-PCE models. Our main approach is an end-to-end learning architecture based on QANet, a transformer model [1] that leverages self-attention mechanisms. We also investigated how feature-based methods such as DrQA perform compared to end-to-end learning, and if adding manual features can improve prediction performance on BiDAF. We explored multiple variants of QANet, and our best model achieved test EM of 61.88 and F1 of 65.71 on the test set.
A ew Approach to Summarization in the Kannada Language by Sentence Ranking

: Text summarization aims at producing quick and concise summary from a document and is considered central to Information Retrieval (IR) systems. In this paper, we have presented a sentence ranking based method for Kannada language text summarization. Each word in a Kannada document is assigned a weight and the weight of the sentence is computed as the sum of weights of all words present in the sentence. We have chosen the first ‘m’ sentences by arranging them in the descending order of their weights. The data used for testing is devised from the documents available in Kannada web portal called Kannada webdunia. In this methodology, keywords are extracted from Kannada language documents by combining the feature extraction techniques, namely, TF (Term Frequency) and Inverse Document Frequency (IDF). The stop words are removed by using a technique developed which finds structurally similar words in a document. The methodology is compared with the key word extraction based summarization [18]. The results are satisfactory.
A Historical Review of Enzymatic Debridement: Revisited

The following is an update to a book entitled, “A Historical Review of Enzymatic Debridement: Revisited”, which I wrote in 2003. Since its publication, while the relevant clinical evidence has remained consistent, the amount of biochemical research and knowledge gained has been impressive. In the first chapter a sampling of the typical topical enzymatic debriding agents that have been used in wound care are reviewed and interestingly enough only one remains on the market. The FDA has removed all others from the marketplace and an explanation is provided in chapter one along with descriptions of the use and mode of action (MoA) of these agents. Chapter two is a review of the many different types of collagen found in the body, including their structure, form, and function as so much additional insight into this molecule has been gained since 2003. In chapter three we see an account depicting the many advances in understanding matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) reviewed in detail. Form, function, tissue orientation and preferred substrates are addressed. Finally, in chapter four we see the history of the MoA of MMPs as compared to bacterial collagenase starting in the early ‘80s to the time of this current publication. In addition we see the level of complexity of bacterial collagenases compared to MMPs, helping us to better understand why bacterial collagenase is much more efficient at removing necrotic tissue from wounds than are our own (endogenous) MMPs. I hope the reader finds this review useful from an academic standpoint, but more importantly from a clinical framework helping to understand the role of these types of therapies in wound care.
Biphasic Oxidation of Oxy-Hemoglobin in Bloodstains

Background In forensic science, age determination of bloodstains can be crucial in reconstructing crimes. Upon exiting the body, bloodstains transit from bright red to dark brown, which is attributed to oxidation of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO2) to met-hemoglobin (met-Hb) and hemichrome (HC). The fractions of HbO2, met-Hb and HC in a bloodstain can be used for age determination of bloodstains. In this study, we further analyze the conversion of HbO2 to met-Hb and HC, and determine the effect of temperature and humidity on the conversion rates. Methodology The fractions of HbO2, met-Hb and HC in a bloodstain, as determined by quantitative analysis of optical reflectance spectra (450–800 nm), were measured as function of age, temperature and humidity. Additionally, Optical Coherence Tomography around 1300 nm was used to confirm quantitative spectral analysis approach. Conclusions The oxidation rate of HbO2 in bloodstains is biphasic. At first, the oxidation of HbO2 is rapid, but slows down after a few hours. These oxidation rates are strongly temperature dependent. However, the oxidation of HbO2 seems to be independent of humidity, whereas the transition of met-Hb into HC strongly depends on humidity. Knowledge of these decay rates is indispensable for translating laboratory results into forensic practice, and to enable bloodstain age determination on the crime scene.
Symposium Oral Presentations

Objective: It has been proposed that anything does not kill you make you stronger. Although it might be true in adult cases, children whose psychological life begin in the parental mind and shaped by the experiences during the early period of life are not as strong as adult against adverse effects of stressful events. Internalization of objects and emerging of internally working models, concept of normality and abnormality that will be the main ground for the understanding of the world in later life are emerged during childhood. That is why anything does not kill a child will shape its mind that might have everlasting effects on child.
POLITICAL PARTIES AND CANDIDATES IMPOSITION IN NIGERIA: A MENACE TO DEMOCRACY AND NATIONAL SECURITY

Democracy operates principle of majority which requires equal political opportunities and liberties to aspirants to contest under political parties in recent times. Therefore political party has made formation of (representative) democracy easier and possible via the instrumentality of elections. Nigerian democracy is threatened by candidates imposition by some powerful party leaders due to lack of political parties internal democracy . The study adopted liberal theory of representation as its theoretical framework. With the aid of observational and secondary methods of inquiry, the study revealed that the practice of candidate imposition within political parties and sometimes in general elections by some powerful political parties leaders is affront to democracy as it disintegrates political parties, breaches human right of political parties members among others. The study also revealed that candidates imposition due to lack of political parties internal democracy practice threaten Nigeria democracy as it produces incompetent leaders who could not articulate the yearnings and aspirations of Nigerians into achievable policies and programmes. Consequently, Nigerians are frustrated to the level that they are ignited easily and lure into violence which jeopardize national security. Creation of commission to regulates and monitors political parties primary elections and other activities, providing equal political opportunities to political parties members among others are recommended to strengthen political parties internal democracy in Nigeria.