Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cohort Profile: National health insurance service-senior (NHIS-senior) cohort in Korea

Purpose The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-Senior was set up to provide high-quality longitudinal data that can be used to explore various aspects of changes in the socio-economical and health status of older adults, to predict risk factors and to investigate their health outcomes. Participants The NHIS-Senior cohort, a Korean nationwide retrospective administrative data cohort, is composed of older adults aged 60 years and over in 2002. It consists of 558 147 people selected by 10% simple random sampling method from a total of 5.5 million subjects aged 60+ in the National Health Information Database. The cohort was followed up through 2015 for all subjects, except for those who were deceased. Findings to date The healthcare utilisation and admission rates were the highest for acute upper respiratory infections and influenza (75.2%). The age-standardised (defined with reference to the world standard population) mortality rate for 10 years (through 2012) was 4333 per 100 000 person-years. Malignant neoplasms were the most common cause of death in both sexes (1032.1 per 100 000 person-years for men, 376.7 per 100 000 person-years for women). A total of 34 483 individuals applied for long-term care service in 2008, of whom 17.9% were assessed as grade 1, meaning that they were completely dependent on the help of another person to live daily life. Future plans The data are provided for the purposes of policy and academic research under the Act on Promotion of the Provision and Use of Public Data in Korea. The NHIS-Senior cohort data are only available for Korean researchers at the moment, but it is possible for researchers outside the country to gain access to the data by conducting a joint study with a Korean researcher. The cohort will be maintained and continuously updated by the NHIS.
Perioperative mortality secondary to a pulmonary embolism during a surgical implantation of the Endo‐Exo‐Prosthesis: a case report

We report on a 53‐year‐old female patient who suffered a perioperative death secondary to a pulmonary embolism (PE) during an implantation of Endo‐Exo‐Prosthesis. This is a retrospective review of medical case for a patient who had a previous above‐the‐knee amputation secondary to a failed previous arthroplasty surgery. Our planned surgery was a stage 1 implantation of an Endo‐Exo‐Prosthesis, and it was performed under general anaesthesia. After 25 min from starting the surgical procedure, the patient sustained a cardiac arrest, and despite an active cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 50 min, the patient did not recover, the ventilator machine was stopped later on, and the patient was declared deceased at that stage. Fatal intraoperative PE is a rare but significant complication during orthopaedic procedures. There are few reports of similar events but include mainly trauma patients with fractured neck of femur. Endo‐Exo‐Prosthesis is a relatively newly evolved procedure in a unique group of patients. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of such complication during Endo‐Exo‐Prosthesis implantation. Patient and surgeon should be aware of it, and additional preventive measures like preoperative scoring systems and in special cases using inferior vena cava filter should be considered in patients with high risk of developing venous thromboembolism.
Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins in Agricultural Crop Commodities in the Philippines: A Review

The tropical, warm, and humid conditions that are favorable to the growth and development of mycotoxigenic fungi put the Philippines at a high risk of mycotoxin contamination. To date, seven mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species, four Fusarium species, and one Penicillium species have been isolated from various agricultural crop commodities in the country. There are five mycotoxin groups (aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, nivalenol, and zearalenone) that have been detected in both the raw form and the by-products of major crops grown in the country. Since the first scientific report of aflatoxin contamination in the Philippines in 1972, new information has been generated on mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi, but little has been known of other mycotoxins until the last two decades. Further, despite the increase in the understanding of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in the country, very limited knowledge exists on practices and measures that control both the fungi and the toxins. This paper reviews the current literature on mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in the Philippines with emphasis on the last two decades and on other mycotoxins.
LncRNA AWPPH overexpression predicts the recurrence of periodontitis

Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) AWPPH is a recently identified oncogenic lncRNA, while its role in other human diseases is still unknown. Blood samples from 80 periodontitis (periodontitis group) patients and 66 healthy controls (control group) who were admitted and treated by Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, expression levels of lncRNA AWPPH were detected by RT-PCR. In the present study, we showed that, before treatment, lncRNA AWPPH in plasma was up-regulated in periodontitis patients than in healthy controls. After treatment, expression levels of lncRNA AWPPH reduced significantly. Patients were followed up for 2 years to recorded recurrence. Compared with plasma levels of lncRNA AWPPH on the day of discharge, lncRNA AWPPH expression level increased significantly in patients with recurrence but not in patients without recurrence during follow-up. Based on Youden’s index, patients were divided into high and low lncRNA AWPPH groups according to its expression level on the day of discharge. It was observed that the recurrence rate of periodontitis is significantly higher in high lncRNA AWPPH group than in low lncRNA AWPPH group. LncRNA AWPPH overexpression predicts the recurrence of periodontitis.
Screening for burn-out in Australian medical students undertaking a rural clinical placement

Objective To investigate Australian medical student burn-out during rural clinical placement. Second, to examine the association between perceived burn-out and rural career intent at the time of finishing their rural placement. Design, settings and participants The 2016 Federation of Rural Australian Medical Educators evaluation survey is a cross-sectional study of medical students from 17 Australian universities. Specifically, those medical students who completed a full academic year or more at a Rural Clinical School (RCS). Responses from 638 medical students from regional Australia were analysed in the study of all eligible 756 medical students (response rate 84.3%). Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary objective was to determine self-reported burn-out (emotional exhaustion) in rural placements for medical students. Secondary outcome measures were designed to explore interactions with rural practice self-efficacy and rural intentions. Logistic regression models explored factors associated with burn-out. Results 26.5% of students reported experiencing burn-out during a rural placement. Factors associated with burn-out were female gender, rural origin, low preference for RCS, stress in the year prior to a rural clinical placement, perceived social isolation during rural placement and lower rural practice self-efficacy. Burn-out was not associated with rural career intentions. Social isolation and low rural self-efficacy were independently associated with burn-out during rural placement and together explained 10% of variance in burn-out (Model Nagelkerke R2=0.23). Conclusion Burn-out during rural placement may be a consequence of stress prior to a medical school placement. Social isolation and rural self-efficacy are amendable factors to mitigate medical student burn-out during rural placements.
Does Parental Mediation of Technology Use Moderate the Associations between Cyber Aggression Involvement and Substance Use? A Three-Year Longitudinal Study

The goal of this three-year longitudinal study was to examine the buffering effect of parental mediation of adolescents’ technology use (i.e., restrictive, co-viewing, and instructive) on the relationships among cyber aggression involvement and substance use (i.e., alcohol use, marijuana use, cigarette smoking, and non-marijuana illicit drug use). Overall, 867 (Mage = 13.67, age range from 13–15 years, 51% female, 49% White) 8th grade adolescents from the Midwestern United States participated in this study during the 6th grade (Wave 1), 7th grade (Wave 2), and 8th grade (Wave 3). Results revealed that higher levels of Wave 2 instructive mediation weakened the association between Wave 1 cyber victimization and Wave 3 alcohol use and Wave 3 non-marijuana illicit drug use. The relationship was stronger between Wave 1 cyber victimization and Wave 3 alcohol use and Wave 3 non-marijuana illicit drug use when adolescents reported lower levels of Wave 2 instructive mediation. At lower levels of Wave 2 instructive mediation, the association between Wave 1 cyber aggression perpetration and Wave 3 non-marijuana illicit drug use was stronger. Implications of these findings are discussed in the context of parents recognizing their role in helping to mitigate the negative consequences associated with adolescents’ cyber aggression involvement.
Contemporary Pharmacologic Management of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Review

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is defined as the presence of typical symptoms of heart failure (HF) and a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%. HFrEF patients constitute approximately 50% of all patients with clinical HF. Despite breakthrough discoveries and advances in the pharmacologic management of HF, HFrEF patients continue to pose a significant economic burden due to a progressive disease characterized by recurrent hospitalizations and need for advanced therapy. Although there are effective, guideline-directed medical therapies for patients with HFrEF, a significant proportion of these patients are either not on appropriate medications’ combination or on optimal tolerable medications’ doses. Since the morbidity and mortality benefits of some of the pharmacologic therapies are dose-dependent, optimal medical therapy is required to impact the burden of disease, quality of life, prognosis, and to curb health care expenditure. In this review, we summarize landmark trials that have impacted the management of HF and we review contemporary pharmacologic management of patients with HFrEF. We also provide insight on general considerations in the management of HFrEF in specific populations. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Medline and Cochrane library for relevant articles published until April 2019 using the following key words “heart failure”, “management”, “treatment”, “device therapy”, “reduced ejection fraction”, “guidelines”, “guideline directed medical therapy”, “trials” either by itself or in combination. We also utilized the cardiology trials portal to identify trials related to heart failure. We reviewed guidelines, full articles, review articles and clinical trials and focused on the pharmacologic management of HFrEF.
MemBlob database and server for identifying transmembrane regions using cryo-EM maps

Abstract Summary The identification of transmembrane helices in transmembrane proteins is crucial, not only to understand their mechanism of action but also to develop new therapies. While experimental data on the boundaries of membrane-embedded regions are sparse, this information is present in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) density maps and it has not been utilized yet for determining membrane regions. We developed a computational pipeline, where the inputs of a cryo-EM map, the corresponding atomistic structure, and the potential bilayer orientation determined by TMDET algorithm of a given protein result in an output defining the residues assigned to the bulk water phase, lipid interface and the lipid hydrophobic core. Based on this method, we built a database involving published cryo-EM protein structures and a server to be able to compute this data for newly obtained structures. Availability and implementation http://memblob.hegelab. org. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Systolic Blood Pressure and Risk of Valvular Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Importance Modifiable risk factors for valvular heart disease remain largely unknown, which limits prevention and treatment. Objective To assess the association between systolic blood pressure (BP) and major valvular heart disease. Design, Setting, and Participants A UK Biobank population-based cohort of 502 602 men and women aged 40 to 96 years at baseline was evaluated through mendelian randomization using individual participant data. Inclusion criteria were valid genetic data and BP measurements. The participants were recruited between 2006 and 2010; data analysis was performed from June 2018 to January 2019. Exposures Systolic BP was measured during clinical assessment and instruments for the genetic effect of high BP were identified from variants that were independently (linkage disequilibrium threshold of r2<0.1) associated with systolic BP with minor allele frequency greater than 0.01. A total of 130 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that have been shown to be associated with systolic BP in a genome-wide association meta-analysis involving 1 million participants of European ancestry were selected. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation, individually and combined. Cases were largely based on hospital records linked to the UK Biobank with International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems, Tenth Revision codes. Results Of the 502 602 individuals screened, 329 237 participants (177 741 [53.99%] women; mean [SD] age, 56.93 [7.99] years) had valid genetic data and BP measurements; of this cohort, 3570 individuals (1.08%) had a diagnosis of valvular heart disease (aortic stenosis, 1491 [0.45%]; aortic regurgitation, 634 [0.19%]; and mitral regurgitation, 1736 [0.53%]). Each genetically associated 20-mm Hg increment in systolic BP was associated with an increased risk of aortic stenosis (odds ratio [OR], 3.26; 95% CI, 1.50-7.10), aortic regurgitation (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 0.75-8.92), and mitral regurgitation (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.07-4.47), with no evidence for heterogeneity by type of valvular heart disease (P = .90). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the association. Conclusions and Relevance Lifetime exposure to elevated systolic BP appears to be associated with an increased risk of major valvular heart disease.
A case of reassortant seasonal influenza A(H1N2) virus, Denmark, April 2019

A reassortant influenza A subtype H1N2 virus with gene segments from seasonal A(H1N1)pdm09 virus (HA, MP, NP, NS, PA, PB1 and PB2) and seasonal A(H3N2) virus (NA) was identified in a routine surveillance sample in Denmark. The patient recovered fully. This is the second reassortant influenza A(H1N2) virus identified in Europe in the 2018/19 influenza season, with the first case being detected December 2018 in Sweden.
Effects of Hot Sterilization on Torsional Properties of Endodontic Instruments: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Sterilization is a fundamental step in the reuse of endodontic instruments. The sterilization procedure involves disinfection, cleaning, washing, drying, packaging, and sterilization by heat. Heat sterilization can lead to changes in the physical and mechanical properties of dental instruments. These changes can affect the external surfaces via micropitting, corrosion, a reduction in cutting capacity, and/or an influence on the resistance to cyclic fatigue or to torsional fatigue. In this study, we examined the modification of the torsional properties of endodontic instruments after hot sterilization, and compared the properties with instruments not subjected to hot sterilization cycles in terms of resistance to torsional fatigue and deflection angle in NiTi and steel instruments. The following work was performed based on the PRISMA indications. Studies were identified through bibliographic research using electronic databases. A total of 725 records were identified in the PubMed and Scopus databases. A total of 685 records remained after exclusion by year of publication (1979 to 2019). With the application of the eligibility criteria (all articles pertaining to the issue of sterilization in endodontics), we found 146 articles, which decreased to 130 articles after elimination of duplications. There were 45 articles that studied the influences of sterilization procedures on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the instruments, and 12 that measured parameters related to resistance to torsional fatigue. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in a total of eight articles for quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis results show a pejorative effect of torsional fatigue for NiTi instruments subjected to heat sterilization compared to the non-sterilized control.
Conformational and Tautomeric Control by Supramolecular Approach in Ureido-N-iso-propyl,N’-4-(3-pyridin-2-one)pyrimidine

Ureido-N-iso-propyl,N’-4-(3-pyridin-2-one)pyrimidine (1) and its 2-methoxy pyridine derivative (1Me) has been designed and prepared. The conformational equilibrium in urea moiety and tautomerism in the pyrimidine part have been investigated by variable temperature and 1H NMR titrations as well as DFT quantum chemical calculations. The studied compounds readily associate by triple hydrogen bonding with 2-aminonaphthyridine (A) and/or 2,6-bis(acetylamino)pyridine (B). In 1, the proton is forced to 1,3-tautomeric shift upon stimuli and keeps it position, even when one of the partners in the complex was replaced by another molecule. The observed tautomerism controlled by conformational state (kinetic trapping effect) opens new possibilities in molecular sensing that are based on the fact that reverse reaction is not preferred.
Ageing as a mindset: a study protocol to rejuvenate older adults with a counterclockwise psychological intervention

Introduction Although ageing is generally perceived as a biologically determined process, the literature increasingly points to the importance of psychological factors in the ageing process, specifically age-related stereotypes or cognitive mindsets. Such stereotypes reflect self-perceptions and others’ perceptions about the ageing process and can have a strong influence on health and life satisfaction, specifically through self-fulfilling prophecy mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate whether changes in mindsets can change the ageing process. Methods and analysis This study replicates in large part the original 1979 ‘Counterclockwise’ experiment by Ellen Langer and will involve a group of older adults (aged 75+) taking part of a 1-week retreat outside of Milan, Italy. Participants will be instructed and helped to relive their younger selves, acting as i f they are living in the year 1989. The week-long residential programme is designed to prime this perception by incorporating a completely retrofitted physical environment, as well as providing opportunities to engage in social activities that would have been common in the late 1980s. This ‘counterclockwise’ intervention will be tested as a randomised control trial comprised of the experimental (‘counterclockwise’) group, an active control group (same activities, no time manipulation) and a no-treatment group. Ninety participants will be randomly allocated to one of these three conditions. Every participant will be assessed for medical, cognitive, psychological and age appearance at four time points: at the time of recruitment, after the intervention (ie, after a week for the no-treatment group) and again after 6 and 12 months. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the Ethics Committees of the Department of Psychology of Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Don Gnocchi Foundation. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, scientific meetings and direct presentation to the general population. Trial registration number NCT03552042; Pre-results.
Approaches to neuroscience data

As the number of neuroscience databases increases, the need for neuroscience data integration grows. This paper reviews and compares several approaches, including the Neuroscience Database Gateway (NDG), Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF) and Entrez Neuron, which enable neuroscience database annotation and integration. These approaches cover a range of activities spanning from registry, discovery and integration of a wide variety of neuroscience data sources. They also provide different user interfaces for browsing, querying and displaying query results. In Entrez Neuron, for example, four different facets or tree views (neuron, neuronal property, gene and drug) are used to hierarchically organize concepts that can be used for querying a collection of ontologies. The facets are also used to define the structure of the query results.
Associations of apelin, leptin, irisin, ghrelin, insulin, glucose levels, and lipid parameters with physical activity during eight weeks of regular exercise training

Abstract Objectives This study aims to evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of basketball training on apelin, leptin, irisin, ghrelin, insulin, glucose, and blood lipids among basketball players. Methods The exercise groups were given 2 h of basketball training for 5 d a week and for 8 weeks. The control group was randomly selected among the adolescents who did not regularly exercise. Results The apelin and ghrelin levels significantly increased; however, leptin, irisin, and insulin levels statistically decreased in the post-exercise group compared to the other groups (p < .05). The results suggest low levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) parameters (p < .05). Conclusions This study demonstrated that after 8 weeks of chronic exercise training, apelin and ghrelin levels increased; in contrast, leptin, irisin, and insulin levels decreased. The decrease in leptin and irisin levels is compatible with the pattern of decrease in the lipid levels as a result of chronic exercise.
The relationship between mastitis and the B-mode, colour Doppler ultrasonography measurements of supramammary lymph nodes in cows

Abstract This research communication aims to test the hypothesis that B-Mode, colour Doppler ultrasonographic measurements and characteristics can identify mastitis in dairy cows. A total of 102 lactating cows were divided into 3 groups: cows in which all mammary quarters were CMT-negative, cows with CMT-positive mammary quarters and cows with clinical mastitis in at least one quarter. Colour Doppler ultrasonography measurements of the supramammary lymph nodes revealed that distortion-type vascular morphology, the rate of type 4 vascular densities and the incidence of mixed-type vascular distributions were highest in the clinical mastitis group, whereas the frequency of avascularity in supramammary lymph nodes was highest in the CMT-negative group. All differences were significant. In conclusion, the use of B-mode and colour Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of the supramammary lymph nodes can provide useful information about the current condition of mastitis in cows, although its diagnostic potential remains to be determined.