Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influence Diabetes Mellitus Control at a Primary Health Care Facility in Durban, South Africa

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus, a non-communicable disease contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in South Africa. It is considered a silent epidemic in certain countries in the world with the incidence expected to rapidly escalate due to ageing of the population. Little is known about the treatment outcome from Primary Health Care facilities in SA. The study estimated control and determinants of diabetes control among rural black patients attended a PHC facility. Method: A cross-sectional prospective design was adopted. Chi-square test was carried out to find significant association between dependent and independent variables. Forward stepwise logistic regression was performed to determine the significant predictor for diabetes control. Two-sided statistical tests were performed at 0.05 level of significance. Result: A total of 240 DM patients were recruited and (68.7%) of them had HbA1c level measured) and only 49 (29.7%) were found with glycaemic control. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients those read newspaper daily or almost daily were almost three times (OR=2.6) more likely to have control. Patients those measured the blood sugar at home were 4.4 times more likely to have their diabetes controlled. It was found that knowing normal blood sugar had four times more chances of controlling their diabetes than those did not know. Duration of DM treatment (5-9 years) was 60% less likely to have DM control that those had 10 or more years of DM treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Glycaemic control of DM was poor and identified several factors towards diabetes control among DM patient. Training and education to healthcare workers and DM patients may lead to improve DM control.
Determining Electric Vehicle Charging Station Location Suitability: A Qualitative Study of Greek Stakeholders Employing Thematic Analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Shifting from a fossil-fueled to an eco-friendly vehicle fleet in cities could pave the way towards a more sustainable future. Electric Vehicles (EVs) should thus be prioritized, so that they could replace conventional vehicles gradually. In this context, an EV-accommodating infrastructure, which ensures the functionality of the entire system, is essential. This study aims to develop a methodological framework to identify suitable locations for the deployment of EV charging points in urban environments. To meet this objective, we acquired a mixed method approach including a systematic literature review, 12 semistructured stakeholder interviews which were thematically analyzed, and an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The outcome is a spatial model function, which consists of parameters and weights for estimating the suitability of each urban road link that will allow the establishment of EV charging points. Results show that the key location selection factors are: transport hubs, marked or controlled parking spaces, and points of interest. The less significant factor is public services. Therefore, there is a preference, in stakeholder level, for transport features over the land use ones (69% over 31%). Although this research is conducted in Greece, we intend to suggest methods and generate valuable findings that may be valid and generalizable for a more global context.
Cyanobacteria in microbialites of Alchichica Crater Lake: a polyphasic characterization

ABSTRACT We analysed and characterized the cyanobacteria in microbialites of Alchichica crater lake over a depth gradient, from 3 to 30 m. A polyphasic approach was followed using morphometry, optical and epifluorescence microscopy, and molecular methods. Regions V3–V4 of the 16S rRNA conserved for cyanobacteria were amplified and used for clone library construction. Independently, a NGS library was constructed using the V4 region of the 16S rRNA. To complement the analysis, eight monocultures of cyanobacteria were isolated from microbialites, which were also characterized by microscopy and 16S rRNA sequencing. In total, we described 18 genera of cyanobacteria isolated from microbialites of Alchichica crater lake. The distribution pattern suggests that on the surface there were mostly Nostocales and filamentous Synechococcales, while at depth we found single-celled Synechococcales. Pleurocapsales and Chroococcales were found at all depths, increasing in abundance at 20 and 30 m.
Fault detection of energy‐aware grid systems in big data environment

Grid technology based on parallel theory is used to study a large amount of data processing. This research mainly discusses the fault detection of grid dynamic system in a big data environment. In order to verify the communication efficiency between different security nodes of the ZSS system under different operating system conditions, this study will use four physical computers and VM Ware software to establish a simulated communication environment, using GlobusToolkit (GT)'s existing deployment mechanism to realize the overall grid dynamic deployment architecture. Using Web service technology remotely calls the monitoring module interface of resource nodes in the domain and uses standard protocols to send monitoring data. At the same time, in order for the management node to save the monitoring data in the local standardized form of XML, the administrator can use the saved historical data to process system failures, analyze, and predict system performance. In order to solve the problem of information explosion, a fault detector is used to precisely control the cost of message detection and the state distribution of the detection result and the time of message delay. Under special circumstances, it takes 60 min to execute a 30‐min job, and the fault detection point consumes an average of 54.33 min. The research results show that the fault‐tolerant strategy can improve the performance of resource consumption in the fault‐tolerant tracking system. Adopting the method of dynamically adjustable detection interval can effectively reduce the overhead of the grid dynamic system. The detection method used in this study can meet the application requirements of the grid.
Integrating the JRC Monthly Water History Dataset and Geostatistical Analysis Approach to Quantify Surface Hydrological Connectivity Dynamics in an Ungauged Multi-Lake System

Determining the dynamics of surface hydrological connectivity in a landscape of multiple lakes with different sizes and depths is challenging. This is especially the case for ungagged, large areas of multi-lake systems. Integrated use of remote sensing and geostatistical analysis can be a useful approach for developing metrics that can be used to identify the hydrological connectivity and their changes. In this study, we conducted a geostatistical analysis of 18 wet and dry binary state rasters derived from Landsat images over a large ungauged multi-lake system, the Momoge National Nature Reserve in Northeast China. Our goal was to investigate applicability and dynamics of three surface hydrological connectivity metrics, namely, geostatistical connectivity function (GCF), maximum distance of connection (MDC), and surface water extent (SWE) of the top 10 largest connectomes (i.e., seasonally connected water bodies). We found that, during a dry year, the reduction rate of the GCF curve was slower along the west–east (W–E) direction than along the north–south (N–S) direction, which was contrary to the patterns exhibited in a normal or wet year. The minimum values of the MDC in W–E and N–S directions in the dry year were 22.4 km and 6.3 km, respectively, while the maximum values of the MDC along the above two directions in the wet year were 50.7 km and 65.1 km, respectively. The components and spatial distribution of the top 10 largest connectomes changed dramatically in different months of each hydrological year, resulting in a huge change in the monthly SWE of the top 10 largest connectomes. Overall, this study validated the usefulness of combining remote sensing image analysis with geostatistical methods to quantify the surface hydrological connectivity from different perspectives in an ungauged area. The approach may be applicable to studies in other geographical regions, to guide water resources and wetland management practices.
Analysis of in vitro antioxidant activity of Caryota urens L. leaves: A traditional natural remedy

To lead a normal life, oxidation is essential owing to carry out normal physiological and biochemical functions that lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plus reactive nitrogen species (RNS)[1]. ROS and RNS such as hydrogen peroxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide radical, peroxyl radical, superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen are highly reactive molecules and can damage biomolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and alter their functions[2-7]. They act in normal physiological cell processes, at low to moderate concentrations, but they produce adverse alterations to cell components, at high concentrations[8-12]. Imbalance between the pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis creates oxidative stress that is responsible in the pathogenesis of lifestyle-related diseases for example atherosclerosis, heart disease, arthritis, gastritis, diabetes, cancer, preeclampsia, HIV/AIDS, inflammation, ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases especially Alzheimer’s, Huntington, Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and celiac diseases[13,14]. Antioxidants shield the body from attack of free radical mediated oxidative stress. Antioxidants that are available in nature include retinoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acid (ACA), bioflavonoids (citrin) and polyphenols (hydroxytyrosol)[15,16]. These naturally occurring antioxidants are effective in the prevention of some life threatening diseases include cancer, heart disease, ageing and immune deficiency diseases[17]. Today, the safety of synthetic antioxidants is questionable for many researchers and health specialists. Artificial antioxidants, including butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate are presumed to be oncogenic[18]. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Autonomous vehicle path tracking control considering the stability under lane change

Considering that when a vehicle travels on a low friction coefficient road with high speed, the path tracking ability declines. To keep the performance of path tracking and improve the stabilization under that situation, this article presents approaches to estimate the parameters and control the vehicle. First, the key states of the vehicle and the road adhesion coefficient are estimated by the unscented Kalman filter. This is followed by applying the linear time-varying model-based predictive controller to achieve path tracking control, and the initial tire steering angle control rate is obtained. Finally, the steering angle compensation controller is simultaneously designed by a simple receding horizon corrector algorithm to improve vehicle stability when the path is tracked on a low-adhesion coefficient or at high speed. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by software CarSim and MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that an improvement in the performance of path tracking and stabilization can be achieved by the integrated controller under the variable road adhesion coefficient condition and high speed with 110 km/h.
An Open-Source Code for Fluid Flow Simulations in Unconventional Fractured Reservoirs

In this article, an open-source code for the simulation of fluid flow, including adsorption, transport, and indirect hydromechanical coupling in unconventional fractured reservoirs is described. The code leverages cutting-edge numerical modeling capabilities like automatic differentiation, stochastic fracture modeling, multicontinuum modeling, and discrete fracture models. In the fluid mass balance equation, specific physical mechanisms, unique to organic-rich source rocks, are included, like an adsorption isotherm, a dynamic permeability-correction function, and an Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) with fracture-to-well connectivity. The code is validated against an industrial simulator and applied for a study of the performance of the Barnett shale reservoir, where adsorption, gas slippage, diffusion, indirect hydromechanical coupling, and propped fractures are considered. It is the first open-source code available to facilitate the modeling and production optimization of fractured shale-gas reservoirs. The modular design also facilitates rapid prototyping and demonstration of new models. This article also contains a quantitative analysis of the accuracy and limitations of EDFM for gas production simulation in unconventional fractured reservoirs.
O desafio das tecnologias de inteligência artificial na Educação: percepção e avaliação dos professores

Resumo O artigo estuda a percepção do impacto das novas tecnologias sobre a profissão docente: inovações tecnológicas designadas de primeira geração e tecnologias de segunda geração, os sistemas de inteligência artificial. A pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar a percepção que os professores têm destas inovações tecnológicas; saber como avaliam o seu impacto; que soluções visualizam para lidar com os desafios que colocam à sua ação docente. A metodologia da pesquisa procura responder aos objetivos, com base numa coleta de dados por questionário, desenhado para obter informação relacionada com cada objetivo. A pesquisa faz parte de um projeto sobre o impacto das inovações tecnológicas de segunda geração no emprego e no trabalho. Neste artigo, apresentam-se resultados focados na atividade docente.
Implementation of the Biological Muscle Mechanism in HASEL Actuators to Leverage Electrohydraulic Principles and Create New Geometries

Biomimicry is a field of research that uses the functional and structural components of nature, at macroscopic and microscopic scales, to inspire solutions to problems in our industrial world. Soft robotics is an area of research that uses biomimicry, in this case, mimicking skeletal muscles (referred to in this field as “muscle-mimicking actuators”, to perform task of high difficulty, that can be operated in a harmlessly in different environments. One of the most recent advancements to develop from this field is the “Hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatics (HASEL) actuator”. However, this method also brings many of the issues associated with the geometry of its design, especially with respect to the efficiency of the system. Though this system mimics the functionality of the skeletal muscle, there is room to adjust the existing electrostatic mechanisms, that distribute the locally produced force, to mimic the structure of the mechanism that distributes the force to the skeletal muscular, which is also locally produced. In this paper, we show that the current electrostatic parallel electrodes, as well as the zipping mechanisms, can be replaced with the sliding mechanism. This eliminates issues associated with compartmentalizing of the primary electrostatic force and the secondary hydraulic forces leading to a more efficient and controlled transmission electrostatic and hydrostatic forces to the load compared to current iterations and their geometric components.
Towards Evaluating the Research Impact made by Universities of Applied Sciences

Given the mandate of Universities of Applied Sciences (UASs) to create an impact on society, the evaluation of their research impact is of great importance. And yet, the methodology for evaluating this impact appear less explicitly in research literature then other forms of research. The purpose of this article is to present a literature-based analysis to discover from the complex world of existing theories and frameworks what criteria, assumptions and requirements are relevant for evaluating the impact of applied research. This article will also discuss the relevancy of frameworks currently used for research impact evaluation and the potential they have for operationalising, enriching and supporting the current national evaluation framework used by Dutch UASs. Finally, this article will conclude that the recommendations necessitate the creation of a new framework where the context and process of practice-based research and their stakeholders are included.
COVID-19: Pre-Purchase Trust and Health Risk Impact on M-Commerce Experience – Young Customers Experience on Food Purchasing

Abstract This study evaluates the impact of pre-purchase trust and health risk on young customer experience and satisfaction with online food purchasing during the COVID-19 pandemic, by integrating the valence theoretical framework and quality-based behavioral model. Using an online survey, data were gathered from 444 customers in the Indonesian region of Bandung. This study reveals that incorporating pre-purchase trust and health risks offers a new understanding of young customers’ experience and satisfaction with online food purchasing. The result of this study suggests that the proposed integrated model provides a better understanding of young customer experience in purchasing food through mobile apps.
High-NA EUV lithography exposure tool: key advantages and program progress

While EUV systems equipped with a 0.33 Numerical Aperture (NA) lens are being applied in high volume manufacturing, ASML and ZEISS are in parallel ramping up their activities on an EUV exposure tool with an NA of 0.55. The purpose of this so-called high-NA scanner, targeting an ultimate resolution of 8nm, is to extend Moore’s law for another decade. A novel lens design, capable of providing the required Numerical Aperture, has been identified; this lens will be paired with new, faster stages and more accurate sensors enabling the tight focus and overlay control needed for future nodes. In this paper we will outline the advantages of High-NA, especially for managing the needed extreme low defect printing rates while maximizing the effective throughput for patterning economics. The imaging performance is being simulated based on expected surface figures of the illumination and projection optics. Next to this, an update will be given on the status of the developments at ZEISS and ASML. Buildings, cleanrooms and equipment are being constructed, mirror production is ramping up, many tests are carried out to ensure a smooth implementation.
Hydraulic characteristics of stabilised expansive subgrade soils in road pavements

ABSTRACT Civil engineers face significant challenges in the safe design and construction of durable road infrastructure in the presence of expansive soils. These problematic soils exacerbate undesirable serviceability concerns induced by pavement distress. Soil stabilisation has been recognised as a sustainable approach to alleviate the problematic nature of expansive subgrades. Road pavements constructed on top of expansive subgrade soils are generally under unsaturated conditions, where the moisture variations can significantly impact the pavement response. However, current pavement design and modelling frameworks overlook unsaturated soil behaviour by adopting simplified approaches. This study examines the hydraulic behaviour of expansive clayey soils stabilised with non-traditional and traditional chemical based additive. Tests were conducted to determine the state variation and stabilisation influence on the soil water characteristic curve using the dewpoint potentiometer for an expansive subgrade commonly found in Melbourne geology. Results show that the stabilisation has strong influence on soil hydraulic characteristics at various initial state conditions tested. Experimental data have been applied to illustrate the significance of incorporating realistic hydraulic response using a simulated practical application in road pavements. The research highlights the significance of incorporating accurate hydraulic characteristics for simulating and assessing the response of pavement constructed with stabilised unsaturated subgrade soils.
Exploring the relationship between Airbnb and traditional accommodation for regional variations of tourism markets

The relationship between Airbnb-based and traditional accommodation is mainly documented for key tourist destinations with a large tourism sector, while there is almost no evidence on this for other destinations. This article focuses on regional variations in the relationship between Airbnb-based and traditional accommodation across primary and secondary tourist destinations in Norway. Through an exploratory cluster analysis and a panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model with forecast error decomposition of shocks (unobserved effects), it finds evidence of spillovers from Airbnb-based accommodation to traditional accommodation in secondary destinations. The demand for traditional accommodation is positively affected by Airbnb demand in the long run. Interestingly, a smaller effect is found with the supply-side of regional tourism markets in the Norwegian secondary tourist destinations. The growth of Airbnb may, thus, spur growth in the general tourism sector in such less frequented destinations.
Class classification using two alternate force choice against an ensemble of normal examples

Model observers for image classification, usually rely on either knowing the statistics for the two classes or being able to estimate them. This is a reasonable assumption when designing simple experiments for object detection or localization, but it does not transfer well to more complex problems. In this paper, we show a new methodology for task based image quality assessment based on a two alternative forced choice comparison with an ensemble of classes characterizing the normal class (𝐻0 ), without the need to fully describe the abnormal class (𝐻1)
Activity and stability of hyperthermostable cellulases and xylanases in ionic liquids

Abstract The biochemical conversion route in the utilization of biomass has required intensive development of processing methods for reducing recalcitrance of cellulose to enzymatic hydrolysis. Since discovering hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs) are efficient lignocellulose solvents, considerable efforts have been made to demonstrate their potential applications in cellulose hydrolysis. However, most of the commercial lignocellulose hydrolyzing enzymes are largely deactivated or inhibited in the presence of even low concentrations of ILs. The link found between enzyme thermostability and IL tolerance leads to the consideration that hyperthermostable enzymes are good candidates to be used together with ILs. Hyperthermostable cellulases and xylanases that are highly tolerant to aqueous solutions of ILs show resistance to competitive inhibition by IL cations and have lower amounts of structural motifs (loop and helix structures) that are prone to denaturation by IL anions. In addition, they have a net negative protein surface charge that contributes to repulsion of anions. This review provides recent developments in understanding the behaviour of hyperthermostable cellulases and xylanases in ILs by elucidating protein-IL interactions. It also outlines the current research demonstrating the potential of rational enzyme engineering to improve enzyme tolerance to ILs based on comprehension of IL-induced deactivation mechanisms.