Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ICF language of numeric adjectives

Conceptually, the authors achieve the task of successfully describing the ICF. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been attempting to craft a numeric scheme that could be used to communicate important information regarding individuals’ health, daily functioning and well-being, and the degree to which the environment facilitates or places barriers to their health, functioning and well-being. Currently used classification schemes pay little heed to the functioning or well-being (or to use ICF terminology, the Activity/Participation aspects) of one’s life. A description of such a scheme is a rather difficult task. The reader needs enough detail to appreciate the scheme, yet not so much that he or she loses sight of the conceptual matter. Threats and Worrall erred in the direction of less detail. For those relatively familiar with the ICF this will not pose a significant problem. The article will be informative and insightful. Those readers who were previously unfamiliar with the ICF classification scheme, however, may find this entire discussion confusing. Threats and Worrall describe the difficulty (or ‘‘compromise’’) in differentiating Activity and Participation. Although they do a fine job of delineating the four options the ICF user has for separating or overlapping the terms, it isn’t clear to this writer why overlapping the two terms and then adding four qualifiers creates a more useful system. Further, the ‘‘capacity without assistance’’ qualifier is said to refer to a ‘‘structured and standardized environment such as a clinic room or a research laboratory. This environment is designed to not have any overt barriers or facilitators to successfully execute the task. ’’ One would hope that a clinic room would offer a good deal of assistance. Research laboratories, aside, clinic rooms (hopefully) offer a plethora of facilitators to clients. Granted, the authors are reporting rather than endorsing this aspect of the ICF system. However, no criticism is offered for this counterintuitive aspect of the ICF. Considering the complexity, flexibility and seemingly ever-changing nature of the ICF, Threats and Worrall describe it remarkably well. The above criticism to the details notwithstanding, the reader should be able to grasp the ICF conceptually and appreciate its significance.
An Overview of Semantic Web Activities in the OMRAS2 Project

Abstract The use of cultural information is becoming increasingly important in music information research, especially in music retrieval and recommendation. While this information is widely available on the Web, it is most commonly published using proprietary Web Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). The Linked Data community is aiming at resolving the incompatibilities between these diverse data sources by building a Web of data using Semantic Web technologies. The OMRAS2 project has made several important contributions to this by developing an ontological framework and numerous software tools, as well as publishing music related data on the Semantic Web. These data and tools have found their use even beyond their originally intended scope. In this paper, we first provide a broad overview of the Semantic Web technologies underlying this work. We describe the Music Ontology, an open-ended framework for communicating musical information on the Web, and show how this framework can be extended to describe specific sub-domains such as music similarity, content-based audio features, musicological data and studio production. We describe several data-sets that have been published and data sources that have been adapted using this framework. Finally, we provide application examples ranging from software libraries to end user Web applications.
Color Realism: True or Not?

Color realism refers to that things are colored, or colors are real. Although the view goes in a minority opinion, Byrne & Hilbert defend it based on the physical properties of color and the peculiarly assumed hue-magnitudes. However, hues are mind-dependent and cannot be used as a measure of the physical properties of things. As a result, the defense fails to justify the proposition of color realism.
KOMBINASI ALGORITMA CUCKOO-SEARCH DAN LEVENBERG- MARQUADT (CS-LM) PADA PROSES PELATIHAN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN)

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang sebuah hibrid algor ithm yang menggabungkan antara algorithma cuckoo-search dengan algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt untuk melatih sebuah jaringan syaraf tiruan (Artificial Neural Network – ANN). Pelatihan sebuah ANN adalah sebuah pekerjaan optimisasi dengan tujuan untuk menemukan satu set bobot optimum pada jaringan melalui proses pelatihan. Algotima pelatihan ANN tr adisional terjebak pada nilai optimum yang bersifat lokal (local minima), sedangkan teknik pen carian nilai optimum yang bersifat global (global minima) memerlukan waktu yang lama atau ber kerja sangat lambat. Selanjutnya telah dikembangkan model hybrid yang mengkombinasikan ant ar algorithma pencarian globaloptimum dan algoritma lokal-optimum untuk melatih A NN. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan sebuah penggabungan antara algoritma cuckoo-search dengan algoritma Levenberg-Marquardt (CS-LM) untuk melatih sebuah ANN. Hasil menunjukkan b hwa algoritma gabungan CS-LM memiliki performa yang lebih baik dibanding algorit ma CS dan LM jika diterapkan secara individual.
A broadband packet switch with input and output queueing

The location of the packet buffers is one of the primary elements characterizing the direrent proposals of broadband packet switch architectures. Input queueing, internal queueing and output queueing switches can be considered the basic switch architectures. Euch of these clarses has difSerent advantages and drawbacks. Adopting in the same switch two diyerent queueing techniques with a suitable hardware design can provide substantial performance improvements. Nevertheless, congestion control procedures can become more complex, as packet loss in a switch can in principle originate in two direrent places, not one. We describe here a broadbandpacket switch using a Batcher-banyan interconnection network with input and output queueing that b able to t r a d e r more than one packet per slot to a given switch outlet. A probe-ack contention resolution mechanism is adopted to select the confict-pee paths for the packets to be transferred through the interconnection network Owing to thisscheme buffer overfow at the output ports is prevented
Modélisation de dialogues narratifs pour la conception d'un ACA narrateur

Dans l'optique de la conception d'un Agent Conversationnel Anime (ACA) narratif et affectif, cet article demontre l'importance de l'interaction dans le processus de narration a des enfants. Un corpus de 30 dialogues de narration entre des parents et leur enfant de 3 a 5 ans, a ete annote a l'aide d'une grille dite "mentaliste". Deux methodes d'extraction de connaissances ont ete appliquees aux annotations des dialogues afin de les modeliser. Celles-ci revelent des regularites dans les explications donnees par les parents dans la description des emotions des personnages. Ces travaux fournissent une ligne directrice pour la conception du modele dialogique d'un ACA narrateur affectif.
On the effect of compliance in robotic contact task problem

Generally, in most dexterous manipulation tasks the manipulator undergoes a transition from free motion to contact configuration with its environment. An example can be the exploratory unconstrained motions of the force guided manipulator for establishing contact with an environment. This transition usually involves the impact stage. The impact usually results in an unstable performance of the closed-loop controller of the manipulator. One of the main remedies to achieve a stable closed-loop control of the manipulator is to introduce some compliance property into the closed-loop system. Based on the second method of Lyapunov and the theory of guaranteed stability of uncertain systems, this paper presents results on showing the effect of compliance in increasing the stability bounds of the manipulator during the impact phase. Experimental results are also presented to demonstrate the effect of compliance in the stable response of the manipulator during the impact phase.
Improved VLSI designs for multiplication and inversion in GF(2/sup M/) over normal bases

Finite field arithmetic circuits are a core part for implementing some cryptographic systems and Reed-Solomon codes. In this paper, improved VLSI designs for computing multiplication and inverse in GF(2/sup m/) over normal bases are presented. The improvements over the previous publications for the Massey-Omura multiplier include both circuit and architecture (or logic) levels. At circuit level, the improved design reduces the area and power consumption, and is faster than the previous design. At architecture level, the new design reduces logic complexity and is more regular, which, in turn, allows static CMOS design and reduces power dissipation. The latency of the inversion method is reduced with parallelism exploration at no cost in hardware. Therefore, the work presented in this paper can provide better VLSI designs in terms of performance and power consumption.
An integrated measure of software maintainability

For large software systems, the maintenance phase tends to have comparatively much longer duration than all the previous life-cycle phases taken together, obviously resulting in much more effort. A good measure of software maintainability can help better manage the maintenance phase effort. Software maintainability cannot be adequately measured by only source code or by documents. The readability and understandability of both source code and documentation should be considered to measure the maintainability. This paper proposes an integrated measure of software maintainability. The paper also proposes a new representation for rule base of fuzzy models, which require less space for storage and will be efficient in finding the results in the simulation. The proposed model measures the software maintainability based on three important aspects of software-readability of source code (RSC), documentation quality (DOQ), and understandability of software (UOS). Keeping in view the nature of these parameters, a fuzzy approach has been used to integrate these three aspects. A new efficient representation of rule base has been proposed for fuzzy models. This integrated measurement of software maintainability, which to our knowledge is a first attempt to quantify integrated maintainability, is bound to be better than any other single parameter maintainability measurement approach. Thus the output of this model can advise the software project managers in judging the maintenance efforts of the software.
Communication infrastructure of scheduling agents

Scheduling involves the allocation of limited resources to tasks over time. Due to the high complexity of scheduling problems, most scheduling algorithms and procedures are only suitable for specific cases and most scheduling systems are very application-oriented. Until now, no single scheduling system has been able to handle all types of scheduling problems. With the development of the client/server architecture and Internet technology, distributed problem solving by a group of systems becomes feasible where systems can exchange information, share resources and cooperate to solve large and complicated problems. Moreover, intensive research into intelligent software agents and agent technology has offered tools for solving problems and coordination between systems. These tools allow systems to be represented as agents and coordinate their activities through message passing. However, most of the concepts and approaches have been applied to general applications and very little research has been studied the distributed approach to scheduling systems development. In this research, the framework of agent-based distributed scheduling is presented. The research is divided into three parts: Internet scheduling systems; the establishment of communication infrastructure; and the distributed problem solving policy.
Curriculum-Based Measurement: Assessing Special Children

Developed specifically to overcome problems with traditional standardized instruments, curriculum-based measurement (CBM) has steadily increased in educational use. These brief assessment probes of reading, spelling, written expression, and mathematics serve to quantify student performance as well as to enhance academic achievement. Their widening use as a means of evaluation and ultimately of instruction, has created a corresponding need to expand the applications of this methodology to diverse populations. This new volume addresses that need by focusing on the broader application of CBM, providing practical new measures, as well as detailing their use with specific student groups.
Combining Classifiers to Extract Web Data

A lot of data on the web are usually embedded in the semi-structured pages. In order to automatically process the content embedded in Web pages, extracting data from them and making it available to computer applications remains a complex and urgent task. Most of current approaches use a single classifier to extract web data, but relying on a single classifier is not sufficient and different classifier has different performance for a problem. In this paper, we combine multiple classifiers to extract web data. Firstly, we identify the main data regions of web pages, and construct feature sets of text nodes in the regions. Secondly, we choose three kinds of base classifiers and then use the voting method to integrate results of each classifier. Finally, we combine integration results with heuristic rules to get the final extraction results. The experiment results show that our approach outperforms the baseline approaches.
Aural assessment by means of binaural algorithms -the AABBA project-

AABBA is an intellectual grouping with the goal of collaborating for 4-5 years on the application of computational models of human binaural hearing. The grouping will compile a battery of common software components for setting-up dedicated full-scale binaural models for various technological applications - particularly in areas related to communication acoustics. Examples are: quality assessment of audio channels and loudspeakers as well as rooms for acoustical performances, assessment of disorders of binaural hearing, assessment of speech-understanding capabilities in acoustically adverse surroundings, auditory-scene mapping, assessment of spatial properties of product sounds as well as of the sense of envelopment and immersion, analysis of human spatial hearing in a multimodal world with, for example, the listeners moving in space and/or receiving additional visual and/or tactile cues.
Sending Policies in Dynamic Wireless Mesh Using Network Coding

This paper investigates the problem of data redundancy in a network coded wireless mesh with opportunistic overhearing and proposes a few sending policies for the relaying nodes to improve the overall transmission efficiency. By simulating various wireless meshed architectures, the advantage of network coding over state of the art routing schemes and the challenges of this new technology are shown. A Python test-bed was built to provide maximum control of the network coding parameters and the simulation environment to the user, facilitating quick construction of simulation setups on top of it. The paper highlights the problem of redundant transmissions of data by the overhearing nodes in a wireless mesh and with the help of three simple simulation setups that are built on top of the testbed, the paper provides a brief insight into the selection of the appropriate relays. Continuous transmissions by the selected relays could still contribute to increased redundant transmissions and therefore some sending policies can be employed by the relays to decrease the redundant transmissions. We finally discuss some sending policies in a dynamic wireless mesh network and show that by choosing the appropriate sending policy, the efficiency of the simulated system can be improved up to 190%.
Predicting the structure of RNA 3D motifs.

Neocles B. Leontis, Advisor RNA molecules participate actively in all aspects of gene expression, as information carriers, catalysts and regulators. Most RNA molecules form specific 3D structures to carry out their functions. Structured RNAs often contain modular 3D motifs, many of which occur in different RNA molecules where they play similar roles. For example, some RNA 3D motifs form specific interactions that direct folding or stabilize the folded structure. Others catalyze chemical reactions or bind small molecules such as metabolites, drugs and specific proteins. Therefore, identifying recurrent 3D motifs in RNA sequences and secondary structures provides valuable information about RNA function. Different sequences can form the same 3D motif, so motif definitions are needed that can account for the sequence variations of 3D motifs. We propose definitions based on decomposing 3D motifs into pairwise interactions, focusing on base-pairing, base-stacking, and base-phosphate interactions, which are the most important. Definitions for each type of interaction were developed for the FR3D (“Find RNA 3D”) program suite, manually evaluated and refined. Basepairs were classified into twelve geometric families, base-stacks into four basic types and base-phosphate interactions into ten types. These definitions were used with FR3D to construct symbolic 3D searches for common motifs and shown to give reliable results. FR3D was used to construct 3D structural alignments of representative 3D structures of the 5S, 16S, and 23S ribosomal RNAs of E. coli and the distantly related bacterium T. thermophilus, by aligning corresponding nucleotides that form equivalent pairwise interactions. To evaluate the structural conservation of basepairs, we defined three qualitative criteria for basepair isostericity and translated these into a quantitative measure, the IsoDiscrepancy Index (IDI). The IDI was applied to evaluate the usefulness of basepair isostericity to understand sequence variations in structurally conserved 3D motifs. The IDI shows that basepairs that are isosteric belong to the same geometric family, and groups basepairs in the same family in isosteric or near isosteric sub-groups. Applying the IDI to rRNA structural alignments showed that ~98% of aligned basepairs are isosteric or near isosteric to each other. This work shows that basepair isostericity is a valuable concept for understanding RNA 3D motif sequence variations.
A new approach for motion capture using magnetic field : models, algorithms and first results

Indoor and outdoor applications such as sports and health monitoring as well as realistic 3D movie and game animations require ambulatory motion capture. Thus, creating a new low‐cost light‐weight wearable motion capture system that offers realistic motion estimates is of great interest. This paper presents a new approach for ambulatory human motion capture, featuring a body mounted magnetic field source and magnetic field sensors together with an estimation algorithm. A complete study of the model, the hardware, and the estimation algorithms is presented. Results obtained in the context of motion capture of human upper limbs illustrate the proposed approach.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pole-Zero Analysis of Low-Dropout (LDO) Regulators: A Tutorial Overview

Analyzing poles and zeros of a circuit is often essential for (a) choose the appropriate topology for given specifications, (b) understanding the frequency response of the circuit and (c) stabilizing the circuit by choosing appropriate frequency compensation techniques. Analyzing poles and zeros of a low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator is often intriguing as (a) the voltage/current control loop need to be broken for small signal analysis and (b) the location of poles move with output load current. The objective of this tutorial is to provide a step-by-step procedure for analyzing poles and zeros in LDO regulators. To this end, two recent state-of-the-art LDO regulators from the literature are analyzed, explaining several intricacies involved. During the process, several frequency compensation techniques are elucidated.
A 3-input XOR/XNOR for low-voltage low-power applications

In this paper, we propose a 3-input XOR/XNOR circuit for low-voltage, low-power applications. Several existing 3-input XOR/XNOR circuits and this proposed circuit have been fully simulated using HSPICE with a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology from 3.3 V down to 2 V supply voltage. The simulation results show that the proposed circuit has the benefits of better driving capability and lower power consumption as well as the least power-delay product than those of the existing circuits. Additionally, this circuit has a full voltage-swing in all internal nodes under 2 V supply voltage or less. Thus, the proposed circuit is suitable for low-voltage, low-power applications.
Long-Term Bit Error Rate Transmission Using an Erbium Fiber Grating Laser Transmitter at 5 and 2.5 Gb/s

Abstract We report the successful use of a 1540-nm erbium fiber grating (EFG) laser as a stable transmitter source in long-term bit error rate (BER) transmission fiber experiments at 5 and 2.5 Gb/s. At 5 Gb/s, straight BER performance results in error-free operation for 3 days of the system through 86 km of non-dispersion-shifted fiber. Also, there is no degradation in the receiver sensitivity (-21 dBm at BER 10 -10 ) whether the system is operated with the EFG laser or a distributed feedback laser. At 2.5 Gb/s, stable transmission performance with BER below 10 -13 (-32.5 dBm) is demonstrated over 300 km of standard single-mode fiber in a chain of four equally spaced 980-nm-pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. These results indicate that the EFG laser is a promising candidate for long-distance high-speed transmission applications.
Period And Priority Assignment Method For Dcs Design

Distributed control systems (DCS) used in industry environments consist of sensors, actuators, and controllers that are connected with a fieldbus. It is difficult to design the DCS while guaranteeing the time‐critical requirements because of both communication delays due to the fieldbus and computation delays due to many tasks executed in one node. This paper proposes a priority assignment method and a period assignment method that find the shortest periods of control loops and guarantee the end‐to‐end constraints such as precedence constraints and timing constraints. Also, a DCS design method is presented by using the proposed two assignment methods. The presented design method considers the worst‐case response times of tasks and messages simultaneously and is applicable to a practical DCS, which consists of several constraints. The design method is validated by examples.