Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Reliability and Validity of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) in the Earthquake-Stricken Population of Kermanshah, Iran

Background: The post-traumatic stress disruption checklist (PCL) is a reliable self-assessment measure for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recently, the PCL has been updated based on the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and diagnostic capability of the PCL as a screening tool in an earthquake-stricken population in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 injured earthquake victims in Sales and Javanrud counties. The subjects were selected via purposive sampling. The PCL was translated into Kurdish (Surani), and trained interviewers run the translated version for 200 individuals manifesting the symptoms of post-earthquake stress in the earthquake-stricken cities of Javanrud and Sales located in Kermanshah province. After two weeks, 100 participants were randomly selected, and the questionnaire was completed again. Results: The internal consistency of the PCL (α = 85%) was indicative of the validity of the checklist. The Youden’s index with the cutoff point of 23 was considered optimal for the PCL tool. The diagnostic values of sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 0.82 and 0.81, respectively (P < 0.001). In addition, the test-retest results were equal after two weeks (α = 87%), indicating the high reliability of the checklist. Conclusions: According to the results, the PCL is a sensitive and accurate tool for assessing the status of PTSD in disaster victims and accidents and could be used in the screening of PTSD in the health monitoring programs for these victims.
Dinámica sucesional de un fragmento de bosque seco tropical del Valle del Cauca, Colombia

The ecosystems of Valle del Cauca have been transformed to a landscape with few and small fragments of forest. This study measured the mortality and recruitment rates, changes in structure, composition, and biomass storage of the vegetation in a one-hectare permanent plot in the El VA­nculo Regional Natural Park, Valle del Cauca, in 2009 and 2011. One thousand, seven hundred sixty-eight stems with DAP â¥ 5 cm were registered, which increased to 1811 stems in 2011, comprising 52 species and 25 families. Fabaceae and Rutaceae were the dominant families. The species with highest IVI, basal area, and biomass contribution were Eugenia procera , Amyris pinnata , Pithecellobium lanceolatum , Guapira sp. and Guazuma ulmifolia . The annual mortality rate (Tm= 4,84%) was due to stem death of heliophilous species. The annual recruitment rate (Tr= 6,94%) showed the success in dispersal and establishment of animal-dispersed species. The tendency of the vegetation was to increase basal area and biomass. We conclude that the forest is in an early successional stage, shows no disturbance, and is a reservoir representative of the diversity of tropical dry forest.
ANÁLISE DAS PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE E DESEMPENHO DA REDE SENAC DE SANTA CATARINA

This study aimed to analyze the organizational resources in perspective VRIO (valuable, rare, inimitable and organizational), sustainable practices and its relationship with the performance of SENAC Santa Catarina Network. Therefore, this study deals with a survey research, answered by 113 employees of 26 units of SENAC Santa Catarina, in order to identify the level of knowledge on matters pertaining to sustainability management. Interpretation of the results was carried out from a qualitative and quantitative approach, using multivariate data analysis. The results show that the performance of the units of SENAC Santa Catarina is a function of several factors, including the size Results of Strategic Management and Resources and Capabilities inimitable, composed of ten variables each, are the most relevant to the Network Performance Senac, representing 55% of the variance of the performance of the units of SENAC Santa Catarina.
Editorial: Role of hypoxia-inducible factors in metabolic immune cell adaptation during sepsis

COPYRIGHT © 2023 del Fresno, Schulte and LópezCollazo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. TYPE Editorial PUBLISHED 18 April 2023 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023. 1194504
Five Objective Optimization Using Naïve & Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) for Green Microalgae Culture Conditions for Biodiesel Production

Renewable sources of energy like biodiesel are substitute energy fuel which are made from renewable bio sources or biomasses. Due to many advantages of using algae (Chlorella sp), we performed design of experiments in terms of functional and biochemical factors such as biomass, chlorophyll content, protein moiety and carbohydrate and lipid contents. Our objective is maximization of lipid accumulation (y1) and chlorophyll content (y2) and minimization of carbohydrate consumption (y3), protein (y4) and biomass (y5) contents. By using the experimental data, the regression model has been developed in order to obtain the desired response (biomass, chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrate and lipid) therefore it is necessary to optimize input conditions. The pre-optimization stage is an important part and useful for the production of biodiesel as biomass which is renewable energy to improve the quality. The corresponding input and output conditions with multi-objective optimisation using naïve & sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) is X1=0.99, X2=0.001, X3=-1.111, X4=0.01 and Lipid= 42.34, Chlorophyll=1.1212 (µgmL-1), Carbohydrate= 24.54%, Protein= 0.0742 (mgmL-1), Biomass=0.999 (gL-1). The multi-objective optimization NSGA prediction is compared with the response surface model combined with a genetic algorithm (RSM-GA) and we observed better productivity with NSGA.
Designing effective incentives for living shorelines as a habitat conservation strategy along residential coasts

Shoreline armoring is a pervasive driver of habitat loss and ecosystem decline along coastlines. Nature‐based strategies for coastal protection, such as “living shorelines,” offer potential alternatives to armoring and are rapidly gaining traction among conservation scientists and practitioners. However, along residential coasts where armoring has often occurred at high rates, transitioning away from armoring has been generally slow. We studied the attitudes, beliefs, and decisions of waterfront homeowners with a goal of identifying effective incentives for living shorelines as a conservation tool for reversing coastal habitat loss. We show that while only 18% of homeowners with armored shorelines would willingly transition to living shorelines during a key window of opportunity, a modest economic incentive could increase the likelihood among 43% of all respondents and up to 61% of recent homeowners. Our study demonstrates potential pathways for navigating social, economic, and environmental influences on landowner decisions for coastal habitat conservation.
OF THE Determining influence of culture media and dose-dependent supplementation with basic fibroblast growth factor on the ex vivo proliferative activity of domestic cat dermal fibroblasts in terms of their suitability for cell banking and somatic cell cloning of felids

Dermal fibroblasts are commonly used as donors of genetic material for somatic cell nuclear transfer in mammals. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a cytokine that regulates proliferation and differentiation of different cell types. The study was aimed at optimizing the cell culture protocol for cat dermal fibroblasts by assessing the influence of culture media and different doses of bFGF on proliferation of fibroblasts and their viability in terms of cell banking and somatic cloning of felids. In Experiment I, skin biopsies of domestic cats were cultured in DMEM (D) and/or DMEM/F12 (F), both supplemented with 5 ng bFGF/ml (D-5, F-5, respectively). After the primary culture reached ~80% of confluency, the cells were passaged (3-4 times) and cultured in media with (D-5, F-5) or without (D-0, F-0) bFGF. To determine the optimal doses of bFGF, in Experiment II, secondary fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM with 0 (D-0), 2.5 (D-2.5), 5 (D-5) or 10 (D-10) ng bFGF/ml. The results showed that in D-5 the cells proliferated faster than in D-0, F-5 and F-0. Due to their poor proliferation, passages IV were not performed for cells cultured in F-0. In experiment II, a dose-dependent effect of bFGF on proliferation of cat dermal fibroblasts was found. In D-5 and D-10, the cells exhibited higher (P<0.05) proliferation compared with D-0. In D-2.5 the cells showed a tendency to proliferate slower than in D-5 and D-10 and at the same faster than in D-0. In conclusion. DMEM supplemented with bFGF provides better proliferation of domestic cat dermal fibroblasts culture than DMEM/F12. Supplementation of culture medium with bFGF has a beneficial effect on cat dermal fibroblast proliferation and could be recommended for addition to culture media.
Identification of gut dysbiosis in axial spondyloarthritis patients and improvement of experimental ankylosing spondyloarthritis by microbiome-derived butyrate with immune-modulating function

Introduction Dysbiosis is an environmental factor that affects the induction of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) pathogenesis. In the present study, we investigated differences in the gut microbiota of patients with axSpA and revealed an association between specific gut microbiota and their metabolites, and SpA pathogenesis. Method Using 16S rRNA sequencing data derived from feces samples of 33 axSpA patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs), we examined the compositions of their gut microbiomes. Results As a result, axSpA patients were found to have decreased α-diversity compared to HCs, indicating that axSpA patients have less diverse microbiomes. In particular, at the species level, Bacteroides and Streptococcus were more abundant in axSpA patients than in HCs, whereas Faecalibacterium (F). prausnitzii, a butyrate-producing bacteria, was more abundant in HCs. Thus, we decided to investigate whether F. prausnitzii was associated with health conditions by inoculating F. prausnitzii (0.1, 1, and 10 μg/mL) or by administrating butyrate (0.5 mM) into CD4+ T cells derived from axSpA patients. The levels of IL-17A and IL-10 in the CD4+ T cell culture media were then measured. We also assessed osteoclast formation by administrating butyrate to the axSpA-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The CD4+ IL-17A+ T cell differentiation, IL-17A levels were decreased, whereas IL-10 was increased by F. prausnitzii inoculation. Butyrate reduced CD4+ IL-17A+ T cell differentiation and osteoclastogenesis. Discussion We found that CD4+ IL-17A+ T cell polarization was reduced, when F. prausnitzii or butyrate were introduced into curdlan-induced SpA mice or CD4+ T cells of axSpA patient. Consistently, butyrate treatment was associated with the reduction of arthritis scores and inflammation levels in SpA mice. Taken together, we concluded that the reduced abundance of butyrate-producing microbes, particularly F. prausnitzii, may be associated with axSpA pathogenesis.
Reasons of relapse and pattern of drug use among the substance users in Bangladesh: A nationwide study

Abstract This study aimed at investigating the reasons of relapse and patterns of drug use among the substance users in Bangladesh. We have conducted a descriptive type of cross-sectional study among the relapse cases of substances users in the whole of Bangladesh. Concerning the reasons for relapse after taking treatment; family unrest (29.5%), peer pressure (27.4%), to reduce depression (24.8%) and craving for drugs (24.3%) were the most frequent. Amphetamine was reported to be the most used drug (76.1%, n = 693), followed by cannabis (75%, n = 683) and alcohol (54.3%, n= 495). Further extensive studies are also needed to explore the association.
Geographical and within-population variation of constitutive chemical defences in a Mediterranean oak (Quercus ilex)

Aim of study: to assess whether constitutive levels of total phenols and condensed tannins acting as chemical defences in Quercus ilex vary across regions, populations and genotypes.Area of study: acorns from six Spanish regions with natural presence of Q. ilex were collected for later sowing in the greenhouse of the University of Extremadura at Plasencia, western Spain.Materials and methods: 1176 acorns from 12 populations (2 per region) were sown according to a nested design (6 regions x 2 populations/region x 7 genotypes/population). After five months, 588 emerged seedlings were harvested for phenol extraction from their leaves. Quantification of total phenols through the Folin-Ciocalteu method and condensed tannins by Porter's reagent method was carried out.Main results: total phenolics and condensed tannins correlated positively. Significant differences were found for the concentration of total phenolics and condensed tannins among regions and among genotypes, but not among populations within regions. The lowest levels of constitutive defences were found in the northern Iberian Peninsula. Also, the defensive phenolic content was significantly higher in regions with acidic soils. Heritability values (total phenols 0.37±0.08 and condensed tannins 0.48±0.36) were lower than those obtained of total tannins in a previous study.Research highlights: constitutive levels of heritable chemical defences in holm oak significantly depend on their geographical origin and genotype.Keywords: condensed tannins, genetic and latitudinal variability, heritability, total phenolics.
Automatic Segmentation of Macular Edema in Retinal OCT Images Using Improved U-Net++

The number and volume of retinal macular edemas are important indicators for screening and diagnosing retinopathy. Aiming at the problem that the segmentation method of macular edemas in a retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) image is not ideal in segmentation of diverse edemas, this paper proposes a new method of automatic segmentation of macular edema regions in retinal OCT images using the improved U-Net++. The proposed method makes full use of the U-Net++ re-designed skip pathways and dense convolution block; reduces the semantic gap of the feature maps in the encoder/decoder sub-network; and adds the improved Resnet network as the backbone, which make the extraction of features in the edema regions more accurate and improves the segmentation effect. The proposed method was trained and validated on the public dataset of Duke University, and the experiments demonstrated the proposed method can not only improve the overall segmentation effect, but also can significantly improve the segmented precision for diverse edema in multi-regions, as well as reducing the error of the number of edema regions.
Gender differences in visual attention and attitude towards types of advertisements

This study examines the differences between genders in visual attention and attitudes towards different types of advertisements. An experimental design using a structured questionnaire and six print advertisements with a male, female, and neutral focus was used to evaluate gender differences. In total, 180 students from a public University in Brazil participated in the study. An eye-tracking device was employed, using the Tobii Studio software, to get the visual attention metrics for this study. In the case of the female advertisements, no significant difference between visual attention and attitude was found; however, differences were found in the case of male visual attention to the image and their relative attitudes towards the advertisements. Because it is a laboratory experiment using quota sampling, mainly Latin consumers, the potential for broader generalization may be limited. Besides, since they are real image advertisement images, there may be some interference in the respondents' responses from previous interactions with the brand or product exposed, or even from a prior observation of this advertisement. This study provides deeper insight into Latin consumers' preferences and associations, who have a different cultural and national context. This study contributes to the use of the eye-tracking tool as a neuromarketing technique to evaluate and analyze visual attention.
How important are product attributes for U.S. lamb imports?

The U.S. lamb industry has changed in the last decade, impacting the structure of imports, which have become necessary to meet domestic demand. Product differentiation plays an important role in determining lamb imports. This research examines the importance of source (country or origin) and product attributes such as boneless versus bone-in cuts and chilled versus frozen products in determining U.S. demand for imported lamb. Overall, boneless and bone-in products show evidence of separability, which is an indication that preferences are independent based on these characteristics. For other product attributes, preferences were not independent, implying their aggregation in trade analyses may be justified. For agribusiness importers and wholesalers, our results and a better understanding of the importance of product origin, quality and form are useful to inform pricing and product substitution strategies.
Performance Evaluation of a Campus HotSpot Network in Baghdad

Wi-Fi evolving towards increase throughput and reduce delay enables providing reliable and seamless internet in a public and private venue or what is addressed as hotspots. The widespread of internet paves the road for smart cities and E-government systems development. This includes the educational sector, where internet becomes an integral part of the educational process. Deploying wireless Local Area Networks (LANs) in university campuses helps to provide the students with knowledge and academic information. In this work, a site survey for a large scale WiFi network deployed in Baghdad University College of Arts campus is conducted in order to evaluate the network performance in terms of; coverage, interference, Quality of Services (QoS). The statistical results obtained from the walk test are used to overcome the main problems and suggest solution for performance enhancement.
A novel residual whitening based training to avoid overfitting

In this paper we demonstrate that training models to minimize the autocorrelation of the residuals as an additional penalty prevents overfitting of the machine learning models. We use different problem extrapolative testing sets, and invoking decorrelation objective functions, we create models that can predict more complex systems. The models are interpretable, extrapolative, data-efficient, and capture predictable but complex non-stochastic behavior such as unmodeled degrees of freedom and systemic measurement noise. We apply this improved modeling paradigm to several simulated systems and an actual physical system in the context of system identification. Several ways of composing domain models with neural models are examined for time series, boosting, bagging, and auto-encoding on various systems of varying complexity and non-linearity. Although this work is preliminary, we show that the ability to combine models is a very promising direction for neural modeling.
A Piecewise Linear FGM Approach for Efficient and Accurate FAHP Analysis: Smart Backpack Design as an Example

Most existing fuzzy AHP (FAHP) methods use triangular fuzzy numbers to approximate the fuzzy priorities of criteria, which is inaccurate. To obtain accurate fuzzy priorities, time-consuming alpha-cut operations are usually required. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of estimating the fuzzy priorities of criteria, the piecewise linear fuzzy geometric mean (PLFGM) approach is proposed in this study. The PLFGM method estimates the α cuts of fuzzy priorities and then connects these α cuts with straight lines. As a result, the estimated fuzzy priorities will have piecewise linear membership functions that resemble the real shapes. The PLFGM approach has been applied to the identification of critical features for a smart backpack design. According to the experimental results, the PLFGM approach improved the accuracy and efficiency of estimating the fuzzy priorities of these critical features by 33% and 80%, respectively.
Characterization, dissolution, and enhanced solubilization of multicomponent nonaqueous phase liquid in porous media

9 CHAPTER
Voltage‐Controlled Dielectric Function of Bilayer Graphene

The refractive index and the extinction coefficient are usually inherent (noncontrollable) material characteristics. Recently, it was reported that the reflectivity of graphene in the mid‐infrared spectral range can be modified by an external bias. This report attracted much attention, but the controllable frequency/energy range is too narrow for possible applications. In this work, it is demonstrated that the potential of graphene is not limited to mid‐infrared wavelengths, but spans a much wider range including the visible spectral range. Here, back‐gated bilayer graphene is characterized in air using spectroscopic ellipsometry with a lateral resolution in the micrometer range. By applying a back‐gate voltage, the dielectric function can be modified in a broad spectral range, including the visible spectrum. To explain the change in the dielectric function, a simplified phenomenological approach which assumes that the back‐gating‐induced change in the carrier density of graphene can be described by a modified 2D Drude model is introduced. The trend of increasing values for the dielectric function with increasing sheet charge carrier density is confirmed by theoretical calculations performed in the independent particle picture.
Examining the Normative Operations of Nonprofit Academic Centers

This paper reflects an environmental scan of the activities of existing nonprofit academic centers affiliated with NACC. It summarizes the findings from nine field visits to nonprofit centers, a content analysis of 55 center websites, and follow-up interviews with select center administrators. By comparing the normative operations of legitimized peer centers across their educational, research, and service missions, this research helps to articulate norms whereby new and extant nonprofit centers can legitimize their work. In addition, findings can be used as a road map to inform the future regulatory landscape for nonprofit academic centers. Discussions examine the positive and negative implications of using these findings for purposes of legitimacy and regulation.
Covalent and Noncovalent Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with DNA for Smart Sensing

Interfacing nanomaterials with DNA has resulted in the development of numerous biosensors, optimized for different targets and applications. Of all nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a prime sensing platform due to its high specific surface area, good aqueous stability, varied functional groups and desirable surface, and electrical and optical properties. This review starts with an introduction of GO and describes its physical and chemical properties. Then, the general strategies of interfacing DNA and GO to develop sensors are discussed. The trends in GO/DNA biosensor development are organized into classes based on the mode of DNA interaction with GO (physisorbed vs chemisorbed). Due to the intermediate DNA adsorption strength on GO, most of the sensors developed utilize physisorption of DNA to GO. Even within the realm of physisorbed probes, there are multiple sensing methods: direct adsorption, inhibited adsorption, competitive adsorption with the use of blocking agents, and tethered adsorption containing a strongly adsorbing block of DNA. Covalently linked DNA probes are also used to increase the biosensor stability. Each of these sensors has its advantages and disadvantages and the designs are discussed with representative examples in detail.