Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TOM++ - Estimating One-Way Delay in Wireless Mesh Networks

Wireless mesh networks is a relatively new concept that is being developed for, amongst other things, providing Internet access to rural areas. They are cheaper because no physical connections between the routers are needed and thus also easier to deploy. However, wireless links are slower and more unstable than wired network links, which is especially notable when streaming media such as Voice Over IP or movies. This can be improved with routing protocols should be able to find a path which minimizes packet delay and schedulers that can prioritize packets that have been in the wireless mesh network too long. For such a routing protocol to work, the delay a packet experiences in the network has to be monitored. To solve this problem this thesis presents TOM++, an improved implementation of the Tool for One-way delay Measurement (TOM). The improvements take queuing time and channel switching into consideration when performing one-way delay measurements in a multi-radio, multi-channel wireless mesh network based on Net-X. This has been accomplished by approximation of the sending time of packets in the transmission queue at each intermediate node. TOM++ has been tested and evaluated on the KAUMesh testbed, and this resulted in an increase of approximately 5% in the one-way delay measurement accuracy. A prototype of a Kalman filter has been implemented to see if it can be used to predict the approximation error of the sending time. No results for the Kalman filter prototype is presented in this thesis, but suggestions on further development are.
Foliar Macro-micro-morphology of Capparis zeylanica L.

Introduction: Capparis zeylanica L. (Ātontai) commonly referred as the Rasayana drug in traditional system of medicine is also used ethnomedicinally as a therapeutic agent. for variety of diseases throughout India. The present study was taken up to evaluate the macromicroscopic characterization for the authentication of leaves of Capparis zeylanica. Methods: Dried leaves were collected from Mettur, Tamil Nadu. The macroscopic and microscopic details including powder were studied following the standard pharmacopoeial procedures. Results: Macroscopically leaves are pubescent with petiole containing small stipular spines. Microscopically, transverse section of the petiole consists of parenchyma, ceratenchyma and vascular bundles; midrib comprises of parenchyma, collenchyma and vascular bundles and lamina contains epidermis, differentiated mesophyll cells and embedded vascular bundles. Quantitative Microscopy was carried out and the epidermal number, stomatal number, stomatal index, vein islet number, vein islet ratio, palisade ratio were recorded. Powder microscopy of leaves showed the presence of wavy epidermal cells, stellate trichomes, parenchyma, groups of thick walled fibres, tracheids, spiral vessels and numerous stone cells. Conclusion: The study provides concise information on the pharmacognosy of Capparis zeylanica L.
Old English Ge- and the Descriptive Power of Nerthus

The main purpose of this article is to carry out an extensive examination of the evidence available of the Old English affix ge- in general, and, in particular, of the ge-alternation, which holds between predicates that bear a form-and-function contrast such as hlid ‘lid’~gehlid ‘roof’. The gealternation is examined as a pure and a mixed alternation, co-occurring with gradation, zero derivation and affixation. The conclusion is reached that ge- is the most frequent and the most widely distributed affix in Old English. Moreover, it partakes in inter-categorial and recursive derivation. As a secondary goal, this article aims at assessing the descriptive adequacy of the database of Old English derivational morphology Nerthus both on qualitative and quantitative grounds. In this respect, the conclusion is reached that the amount of evidence of ge- that can be drawn from Nerthus allows for an extensive analysis of the affix. On the other hand, Nerthus, in its present state, requires more accurate and formalised meaning definitions.
Turing machines and causal mechanisms in cognitive science

Turing machines are simple computational entities which were originally used to define the class of computational tasks that may be carried out by mechanical means. In this article we look at the explanatory roles the Turing Machine 2 plays in cognitive science. With respect to Turing Machines’ explanatory role, we assume that a) rational processes may be defined in such a way (viz. as computational functions) that they can be carried out by mechanical systems, and b) the Turing Machine specifies a means whereby one can show that a mechanistic system can be designed to perform rational processes.
Speech Recognition Using the Mellin Transform

Abstract : The purpose of this research was to improve performance in speech recognition. Specifically, a new approach was investigating by applying an integral transform known as the Mellin transform (MT) on the output of an auditory model to improve the recognition rate of phonemes through the scale-invariance property of the Mellin transform. Scale-invariance means that as a time-domain signal is subjected to dilations, the distribution of the signal in the MT domain remains unaffected. An auditory model was used to transform speech waveforms into images representing how the brain ? sees? a sound. The MT was applied and features were extracted. The features were used in a speech recognizer based on Hidden Markov Models. The results from speech recognition experiments showed an increase in recognition rates for some phonemes compared to traditional methods.
Application Architecture of Semantic QA System

In this paper, we seek to use a Link Grammar Parser to develop a Semantic QA System. This system will make use of Link Grammar Parser to analyses the user's problems. After analyzing the learner's grammar, it will expand the Semantic dictionary via WordNet and subsequently seeks answer in the system's Ontology or searches the internet for more appropriate answers. In addition, it will provide http links to the answer as supplement information. The implementation environment will use Spring Framework as development platform. This research will be focused on the software system architecture. As it is foreseeable that the entire system will be sizable, and that education methods and QA system inevitably evolve throughout times, it is crucial that the design of this platform is easily extensible. We have two principles here, the system could be extensible and the components could be plug-in. In this paper, we defined all modules and use API to combine all modules by phases. All the modules should be implemented by interfaces, and provide appropriate service methods.
Impact of low rate TCP - targeted DoS attacks on BGP

New metal-complex disazomethine compounds of the formulae (Ia) (Ib) (Ic) WHEREIN R is a single bond, a straight-chained or branched alkylene radical which may be interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, such as 1, 2, 3 or 4 moieties selected from a group consisting of isocyclic and heterocyclic ring and other bivalent group, or is a cycloalkylene radical, an arylene or a heterocyclic radical, Z is a group capable of forming metal complexes, X is a carboxylic acid group, carboxylic acid ester group, an optionally substituted carboxylic acid amide or carboxylic acid hydrazide group and M is a bivalent metal atom, had been found which are very well suitable as colorants, especially as pigments, for example, for coloring plastic masses, paints, lacquers, for the use in spin-dyeing of viscose and cellulose acetate, for coloring printing pastes in graphic industry and paper masses, and have a high tinctorial strength, a good transparency, pure shades, excellent fastness to migration, to overvarnishing to light, to weather, to solvents and to heat, corresponding to the material colored with them.
Emotion Adaptive Dialogue Management in Human-Machine Interaction

Although we witness the rapid increase of research interest in affected user behavior, it still turns out to be a challenge for developers of spoken dialogue systems. Researches in this domain are usually primarily concentrated on the detection of emotional user behavior. However, less attention is devoted to another important research question—how to enable dialogue systems to overcome problems in the interaction related to affected user behavior. This paper addresses this research question. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it introduces an approach to achieve emotion adaptive dialogue management in human-machine interaction. The focal point of this approach is placed on dynamic definition of appropriate dialogue strategies aimed to support the user to overcome problems occurring in the interaction. Second, this paper reports the implementation of a dialogue management module incorporated in the NIMITEK prototype spoken dialogue system.
Tradeoffs in Decision-Making Frameworks and Interaction Styles

Laboratory for Intelligent Processes and Systems The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 barber~maii.utexas. edu This research analyzes the performance of individual agents and groups of agents in different Decision-Making Frameworks across a variety of situations. A DecisionMaking Framework (DMF) specifies how a set of agents interacts when determining how a set of goals should be achieved (Barber and Martin, 2001). A Decision-Making Framework is (1) the decision-making control set which agents make decisions about the goals, (2) the authorityover set which agents must carry out the decisions, and (3) the set of goals under consideration. The experiment domain is naval radar interference management, where each agent has one goal, "Minimize system radar interference. " Each agent controls the radar frequency on a simulated ship and attempts to choose frequencies that are not being used by other radars in the system. The performance metric is the mean interference of all agents in the environment. The roles agents play in DMFs are Decision-Making Interaction Styles. Master agents decide how to achieve goals for themselves and Command-Driven agents; Consensus agents collaborate equally to decide for the group; and Locally Autonomous agents decide alone. The graph below reflects an analysis of how combinations of Decision-Making Interaction Styles and Decision-Making Frameworks affect the performance of individual agents and groups of agents in accomplishing an inter-dependent set of goals in a shared simulation.
Evaluating the use of online synchronous communication to enhance learning in statistics

According to social constructivists, learners are active participants in constructing new knowledge in a social process where they interact with others. In these social settings teachers or more knowledgeable peers provide support. This research study investigated the contribution that an online synchronous tutorial makes to support teaching and learning of undergraduate introductory statistics offered by an Australian regional university at a distance. The introductory statistics course which served as a research setting in this study was a requirement of a variety of programs at the University, including psychology, business and science. Often students in these programs perceive this course to be difficult and irrelevant to their programs of study. Negative attitudes and associated anxiety mean that students often struggle with the content. While asynchronous discussion forums have been shown to provide a level of interaction and support, it was anticipated that online synchronous tutorials would offer immediate feedback to move students forward through ―stuck places. ‖ At the beginning of the semester the researcher offered distance students in this course the opportunity to participate in a weekly online synchronous tutorial which was an addition to the usual support offered by the teaching team. This tutorial was restricted to 12 volunteers to allow sufficient interaction to occur for each of the participants. The researcher, as participant-observer, conducted the weekly tutorials using the University's interactive online learning platform, Wimba Classroom, whereby participants interacted using audio, text chat and a virtual whiteboard. Prior to the start of semester, participants were surveyed about their previous mathematical experiences, their perceptions of the introductory statistics course and why they wanted to participate in the online tutorial. During the semester, they were regularly asked pertinent research questions related to their personal outcomes from the tutorial sessions. These sessions were recorded using screen capture software and the participants were interviewed about their experiences at the end of the semester. Analysis of these data indicated that the perceived value of online synchronous tutorial lies in the interaction with fellow students and a content expert and with the immediacy of feedback given. The collaborative learning environment offered the support required to maintain motivation, enhance confidence and develop problemsolving skills in these distance students of introductory statistics. Based on these findings a model of online synchronous learning is proposed.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL IPA TERPADU BERBASIS SAINS-TEKNOLOGI-MASYARAKAT DENGAN TEMA PEMBUATAN KOMPOS SEBAGAI SARANA BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP/MTs

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan modul IPA Terpadu Berbasis Sains-Teknologi-Masyarakat dengan Tema Pembuatan Kompos sebagai Sarana Berpikir Kreatif siswa SMP/MTs, (2) mengetahui kualitas modul IPA Terpadu Berbasis Sains-Teknologi-Masyarakat dengan Tema Pembuatan Kompos sebagai Sarana Berpikir Kreatif siswa SMP/MTs menurut ahli materi, ahli media, dan guru IPA, (3) mengetahui respon siswa terhadap modul IPA Terpadu Berbasis Sains-Teknologi-Masyarakat dengan Tema Pembuatan Kompos sebagai Sarana Berpikir Kreatif siswa SMP/MTs yang telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan model prosedural yang mengadaptasi prosedur penelitian pengembangan menurut Brog dan Gall yang dilakukan dengan lebih disederhanakan menurut Tim Puslitjaknov, melibatkan lima langkah utama yaitu: (1) melakukan analisis produk yang akan dikembangkan, (2) mengembangkan produk awal, (3) validasi ahli dan revisi, (4) uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan revisi produk, dan (5) uji coba lapangan skala besar dan produk akhir. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar penilaian kualitas modul IPA Terpadu untuk para ahli dan guru IPA dengan menggunakan skala Likert dan angket respon siswa dalam bentuk checklist dengan menggunakan skala Guttman. Subjek penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah 5 penilai, 10 siswa sebagai uji coba lapangan skala kecil, dan 32 siswa sebagai uji coba lapangan skala besar. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini: (1) dihasilkan modul IPA Terpadu Berbasis Sains-Teknologi-Masyarakat dengan Tema Pembuatan Kompos sebagai Sarana Berpikir Kreatif siswa SMP/MTs yang ditujukan untuk kelas VII, (2) kualitas modul yang dikembangkan menurut ahli materi, ahli media, dan guru IPA memiliki kualitas Sangat Baik (SB) dengan persentase keidealan masing-masing sebesar 90,76%; 89, 28%; dan 84,26%, (3) respon siswa terhadap modul yang dikembangkan pada uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan uji coba lapangan skala besar adalah Setuju (S) dengan persentase keidealan masing-masing sebesar 89,09% dan 90,06%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran IPA Terpadu yang dapat menjadi suatu media atau sarana berpikir kreatif untuk siswa SMP/MTs.
Posibles tipologías de uso de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje en la modalidad blended learning

Se presentan los resultados parciales de una investigación a partir de una experiencia en un Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje (EVA) en el ámbito de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora. Se recogen los vestigios digitales resultantes de la interacción en la Plataforma y se analiza la dinámica de funcionamiento de las distintas aulas, entre las que se encuentra un espacio de aprendizaje colaborativo especial, ya que responde a una Red de Formación para los docentes de la Unidad Académica que opera también bajo la modalidad de Blended Learning. Los datos obtenidos se someten a análisis estadístico univariado, bivariado y factorial de componentes principales, cuyos resultados permiten concluir provisoriamente acerca de la existencia de tres tipologías de aulas.
Transformational Analogy: A General Framework, Semantics and Complexity

This thesis presents TransUCP, a general framework for transformational analogy. The particulars and working of this framework are further explained with relevant working examples. It is proved, using TransUCP, that transformational analogy does not meet the worst-case complexity scenario of Nebel and Koehler (1995). By generating counterexamples, the framework is also used to prove that their results about plan adaptation being harder than planning from first principles do not apply to it. The implementation details of TransUCP and the results derived from the experimentation are also explained. A synopsis of the TransUCP framework has been accepted for publication at the upcoming European Conference for Case-Based Reasoning (ECCBR-06).
Basic German: A Grammar and Workbook

Basic German: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible reference grammar and related exercises in a single volume. It introduces German people and culture through the medium of the language used today, covering the core material which students would expect to encounter in their first years of learning German. Each of the 28 units presents one or more related grammar topics, illustrated by examples which serve as models for the exercises that follow. These wide-ranging and varied exercises enable the student to master each grammar point thoroughly. Basic German is suitable for independent study and for class use. Features include: • Clear grammatical explanations with examples in both English and German • Authentic language samples from a range of media • Checklists at the end of each Unit to reinforce key points • Cross-referencing to other grammar chapters • Full exercise answer key • Glossary of grammatical terms Basic German is the ideal reference and practice book for beginners but also for students with some knowledge of the language.
Recognition of handwritten digits using proximal support vector machine

Handwritten Digit Recognition System involves reception and interpretation of handwritten digits by a machine. Due to variation in shape and orientation of handwritten digits, it is difficult for a machine to interpret handwritten digits. Handwritten digit Recognition has a wide area of research due to its vast applications like automatic bank cheques processing, billing and automatic postal service. In this thesis, an Offline Handwritten Digit Recognition System is presented. The recognition system is broadly divided into 2 parts, first part is feature extraction from handwritten images and the second one is classification of feature vector into digits. We propose descriptors for handwritten digit recognition based on Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) feature . It is one of the widely used feature vector for object detection in computer vision. For classification of features, linear Proximal Support Vector Machine (PSVM) Classifier is proposed. This is a binary class classifier which is further converted to a 10 class classifier by means of One against all algorithm. Due to small training time, PSVM classifier is preferable over standard Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier. The handwritten images both for training and testing are taken from MNIST database. The performance of the system is measured in terms of Sensitivity, Accuracy, Positive Predictivity and Specificity. The performance of PSVM classifier is better compared to Artificial Neural Network(ANN).
A heuristic algorithm to generate test program sequences for moving probe electronic test equipment

OF THE THESIS A HEURISTIC ALGORITHM TO GENERATE TEST PROGRAM SEQUENCES FOR MOVING PROBE ELECTRONIC TEST EQUIPMENT by Bertha M. Arteta Florida International University, 2001 Miami, Florida Professor Ronald Giachetti, Major Professor The electronics industry, is experiencing two trends one of which is the drive towards miniaturization of electronic products. The in-circuit testing predominantly used for continuity testing of printed circuit boards (PCB) can no longer meet the demands of smaller size circuits. This has lead to the development of moving probe testing equipment. Moving Probe Test opens up the opportunity to test PCBs where the test points are on a small pitch (distance between points). However, since the test uses probes that move sequentially to perform the test, the total test time is much greater than traditional in-circuit test. While significant effort has concentrated on the equipment design and development, little work has examined algorithms for efficient test sequencing. The test sequence has the greatest impact on total test time, which will determine the production cycle time of the product. Minimizing total test time is a NP-hard problem similar to the traveling salesman problem, except with two traveling salesmen that must coordinate their movements.
Quantifying information and contradiction in propositional logic through test actions

Sensors provide computer systems with a window to the outside world. Activity recognition "sees" what is in the window to predict the locations, trajectories, actions, goals and plans of humans and objects. Building an activity recognition system requires a full range of interaction from statistical inference on lower level sensor data to symbolic AI at higher levels, where prediction results and acquired knowledge are passed up each level to form a knowledge food chain. In this article, I will give an overview of some of the current activity recognition research works and explore a life-cycle of learning and inference that allows the lowest-level radio-frequency signals to be transformed into symbolic logical representations for AI planning, which in turn controls the robots or guides human users through a sensor network, thus completing a full life cycle of knowledge.
Hybrid Intrusion Detection System

The purpose of (IDS) is to protect digital data from cyber threats. By quickly distinguishing and reacting to risks, IDS minimizes possible damage to systems and data. However, it can suffer from performance issues, such as delayed warnings and compromised accuracy. To solve this problem, our approach combines IDS with machine learning and a deep learning approach. It uses agglomerative hierarchical clustering and random forest (RF) algorithms for classification, supported by recurrent neural networks (RNN) for attack classification. Their implementation in MATLAB allows the classification of events. Evaluation with the NSL-KDD and CIS-IDS2017 datasets showed a high true positive rate (TPR) and successful detection of minority attacks, confirming its effectiveness.