Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Diabetes in a Swedish Population of 280,411 Inhabitants: A report from the Skaraborg Diabetes Registry

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of known diabetes in a Swedish county (Skaraborg) and to evaluate capture-recapture methods for validation of the diabetes prevalence. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Four sources were used to find known diabetic patients: 1) the Skaraborg Diabetes Registry (SDR), a case-finding inventory 2) an administrative hospital registry 3) a registry for the retinopathy screening program, and 4) a pharmacy prescription inventory. The capture-recapture method was applied to various combinations of sources to determine the prevalence of diabetes. RESULTS The completeness of the SDR was 88.4 ± 1.3%, indicating a diabetes prevalence of 3.20 ± 0.08%. When the SDR was not used as one of the sources, the estimated prevalence varied between 2.2 and 4.5%. CONCLUSIONS A case-finding registry is important in reliably estimating the prevalence of diabetes.
Airborne peptidoglycans as a supporting indicator of bacterial contamination in a metal processing plant.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess exposure to airborne endotoxins and peptidoglycans (PGs) as well as possibility of using PGs as a surrogate measure of bacterial exposure in workplaces in a metal processing plant. MATERIAL AND METHODS Personal dosimetry (N = 11) was used to obtain data on concentrations of viable bacteria, total number of bioaerosol particles, endotoxins and peptidoglycans. To investigate the size distributions of aerosol particles responsible for transport of endotoxins and PGs, air samples (N = 5) were additionally collected using the 8-stage cascade impactor. Endotoxins and PGs were assayed with the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test and a kinetic version of the silkworm larvae plasma (SLP) test, respectively. RESULTS Median concentrations of airborne PGs (14.6 ng/m3), endotoxins (0.2 ng/m3), viable bacteria (1.16×103 CFU/m3) and the total number of bioaerosol particles (1.81×106 cells/m3) were determined. Qualitative analysis revealed presence of 19 bacterial species belonging to 14 genera. The calculations showed strong, significant correlations (p < 0.05) between endotoxins, viable bacteria (r = 0.75) and the total number of bioaerosol particle concentrations (r = 0.76) as well as between PGs and the total number of bioaerosol particle concentrations (r = 0.72). Size distribution analysis showed that the highest concentrations of bacterial aerosols occurred in the range of 2.1-3.3 μm. In the case of endotoxins, an increase of concentrations in 2 ranges of aerodynamic diameters: 1.1-3.3 μm and 5.8-9 μm was shown. For PGs there was a visible gradual increase of their concentrations in the range 2.1-9 μm. CONCLUSIONS Peptidoglycans can be treated as a supporting indicator of bacterial contamination in metal processing plants, particularly when an assessment of an immunotoxic potential of microbiological hazards needs to be performed. However, to be extrapolated to other occupational and non-occupational environments, the obtained results require a further verification.
Evidence for abnormal pain processing in fibromyalgia syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To review the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia syndrome. DESIGN Review of the literature available on Medline (1965-2001). RESULTS Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic pain syndrome that predominantly afflicts women. It is characterized by widespread pain, insomnia, fatigue, and the presence of multiple tender points. Despite intensifying research, the etiology of fibromyalgia has remained unclear. Importantly, neither infections, trauma, nor psychiatric abnormalities consistently precede the onset of pain in patients with this syndrome. There is, however, mounting evidence for central pain processing abnormalities in almost all fibromyalgia patients. These anomalies include hyperalgesia, allodynia, abnormal temporal summation of second pain, neuroendocrine abnormalities, and abnormal activation of pain-related brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Multiple abnormal findings in fibromyalgia patients strongly indicate a neuropathic pain syndrome, reminiscent of complex regional pain syndrome or postherpetic neuralgia. In addition, fibromyalgia syndrome seems to share similar characteristics with these neuropathic pain syndromes, including ineffective response to many analgesics.
Cloud-based Hint Application of Relevant Meeting Materials Using OCR and ASR Text Information

In the meeting being held, sometimes we need to confirm a lot of past relevant meeting materials. However, as the number of meetings has become larger, the retrieval of relevant meeting materials has become much more difficult. What's more, the retrieval action should not interrupt the meeting process unless on participant's own intention. Therefore, during the meeting, an efficient hint method for essential meeting materials without interrupting meeting process is urgently needed. In this paper, we provide a cloud-based application for real-time meeting materials hint in the meeting being held.
An overhanging 3' terminus is a conserved feature of telomeres

The reactivity of single-stranded thymidines with osmium tetraoxide was used to demonstrate the existence of a terminal overhang of the G-rich strand of telomeres from two distantly related eucaryotes, the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena spp. and the acellular slime mold Didymium spp. Conservation of a G-strand overhang at the molecular terminus of telomeres is consistent with our suggestion that an unusual DNA structure formed by the G-strand overhang is important for telomere function (E. Henderson, C. C. Hardin, S. K. Wolk, I. Tinoco Jr., and E. H. Blackburn, Cell 51:899-908, 1987).
Coordination and transformation in business processes: towards an integrated view

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to contrast two views, a transformative and a coordinative view, on business process management (BPM) in order to propose an integrated view. Design/methodology/approach: The investigation has been made with the purpose of developing a synthesis of these two views working as thesis and antithesis. The core of such dialectic approach is to create a synthesis that transcends contradictions of the thesis and antithesis. Pros and cons in the two perspectives have been identified and an integrated process view has been proposed, as well as operationalised into modelling methods. The integrated process view comprises a number of definitions of different process types (business process, assignment process, transformation process and provision process). Findings: The paper derives characteristics of the transformative as well as the coordinative view. These are used as the basis for pinpointing important characteristics of an integrative view. These characteristics put forward coordination in relation to transformation as well as assignment processes in relation to other types of processes (such as transformation processes and provision processes) Practical implications - The proposed integrated view has practical implications in the work of modelling, analysing and designing business processes. Originality/value: The value of the paper is that it presents a complementary view on business processes derived from two existing views. In the paper, coordination aspects are seen as superior to transformation. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Alcohol and HIV Effects on the Immune System

HIV disease and alcohol independently influence the human immune system, so it stands to reason that, together, their influence may be additive. Here, we review the evidence that alcohol can exacerbate HIV’s influence on the immune system, thereby affecting disease progression and transmission. We focus particularly on alcohol’s effect on the mucosal immune system in the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract, the genital tract and the lungs, all of which play a role in transmission and progression of HIV disease.
LTRs of Endogenous Retroviruses as a Source of Tbx6 Binding Sites

Retrotransposons are abundant in mammalian genomes and can modulate the gene expression of surrounding genes by disrupting endogenous binding sites for transcription factors (TFs) or providing novel TFs binding sites within retrotransposon sequences. Here, we show that a (C/T)CACACCT sequence motif in ORR1A, ORR1B, ORR1C, and ORR1D, Long Terminal Repeats (LTRs) of MaLR endogenous retrovirus (ERV), is the direct target of Tbx6, an evolutionary conserved family of T-box TFs. Moreover, by comparing gene expression between control mice (Tbx6 +/−) and Tbx6-deficient mice (Tbx6 −/−), we demonstrate that at least four genes, Twist2, Pitx2, Oscp1, and Nfxl1, are down-regulated with Tbx6 deficiency. These results suggest that ORR1A, ORR1B, ORR1C and ORR1D may contribute to the evolution of mammalian embryogenesis.
Assistance ontology of quality control for enterprise model using data mining

There are many quality domains in which ideas and concepts about quality are represented. The intelligent discovery assistants ontology of data mining (DM) processes was presented to compose and select the large space and non-trivial interaction in quality control for enterprise. We use a prototype to show that quality control for enterprise model is using the virtual enterprise quality ontology. A simple, but typical DM process was presented in the paper, which included preprocessing data, applying a data-mining algorithm, and post processing the mining results. It provides users with systematic enumerations of valid DM processes, in order that important, potentially fruitful options are not overlooked and effective rankings of these valid processes by different criteria, to facilitate the choice of DM processes to execute. Deeply research in the quality and ontology area is realized in protege with the format of OWL. Assistance ontology has the function to help mining workers selecting the algorithm, how to help selecting algorithm, the one prerequisite is that establishes good data mining method ontology. The intelligent discovery assistants search and deduct in the quality ontology. Finally, a study case is given to explain the practical application with the fault diagnosis bases on ontology, and was given encouraging results.
Dental splints: types and time of immobilization post tooth avulsion

Avulsion is defined as the complete displacement of the tooth out of its socket with disruption of the fibers of periodontal ligament, remaining some of them adhered to the cementum and the rest to the alveolar bone. This condition is more frequent in young permanent teeth, because the root development is still incomplete. Splints are used to immobilize traumatized teeth that suffered damage in their structures of support, preventing their constant movement. The literature has shown that after replantation, it is necessary to use splints in order to immobilize the teeth during the initial period, which is essential for the repair of periodontal ligament; the use of semi-rigid splint is more indicated than the rigid one, and long periods of splinting showed that substitutive resorption or ankylosis is an expected complication. Thus, the aim of this review is to describe the different types of splints; their time of permanency, and its influence on the process of healing and reparation on the occurrence of substitutive resorption or ankylosis. It is very important to keep gathering knowledge about this content, since it has been proved that the approaches and the protocols keep changing over time.
Structures and performance of noncoherent receivers for unitary space-time modulation on correlated fast-fading channels

Fast fading used in this paper refers to multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels with channel gains changing from sample to sample, even within a block symbol. The impact of spatially correlated and sample-to-sample variant (SCSSV) fading channels on the design and error performance of noncoherent receivers is not yet clear in the literature. In this paper, we derive optimal and suboptimal noncoherent receivers for operating on SCSSV MIMO fading channels. The joint effect of spatial correlation and sample-to-sample variation of channel gains on various receivers in Rayleigh and Rician fading is investigated by the derivation of their pairwise error performance. Numerical and simulation results are also presented to illustrate the theory and to compare the performance of the optimal and suboptimal receivers.
Einfluss der Milchleistung auf die Inzidenz ausgewählter Erkrankungen bei Hochleistungskühen

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit war die Quantifizierung des Einflusses der Milchleistung auf die Inzidenz ausgewählter Erkrankungen bei Hochleistungskühen. Material und Methoden: Die Datenerfassung erfolgte von Januar 2000 bis Dezember 2006 in einer Milchviehherde der Universität Hohenheim. Grundlage der Analyse bildeten 1680 tierärztliche Untersuchungsbefunde von 335 pluriparen und 148 primiparen Kühen. Die Erkrankungsprävalenz je Kuh und Laktation wurde mit einem logistischen Regressionsmodell für die 305-Tage-Milchleistung berechnet. Die Milchleistung der letzten und aktuellen Laktation wurde dabei jeweils mit fünf Erkrankungen korreliert: klinische Mastitis (MA), zystische Ovarfollikel (ZOF), Anöstrie (AN), Retentio secundinarum (RS) und Gebärparese (GP). Ergebnisse: Bei den pluriparen Kühen ergab sich innerhalb einer Laktation ein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang für das Auftreten folgender Erkrankungen: MA und GP, GP und RS sowie AN und ZOF. Die Höhe der individuellen 305-Tage-Milchleistung hatte sowohl bei den primiparen als auch bei den pluriparen Kühen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Inzidenz einer AN innerhalb derselben Laktation. Unter den pluriparen Tieren erkrankten Kühe mit einer Milchleistung > 10000 kg Milch signifikant häufiger an einer MA in der aktuellen und der Folgelaktation als Kühe mit einer Milchleistung < 7000 kg Milch. Schlussfolgerung: Hochleistende Milchkühe haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für Gesundheitsund Fruchtbarkeitsstörungen. Klinische Relevanz: Gesundheit und Fruchtbarkeit der Milchkühe sollten durch ein intensiviertes Gesundheitsmanagement sowie züchterisch gezielt verbessert werden.
Codon usages in different gene classes of the Escherichia coli genome

A new measure for assessing codon bias of one group of genes with respect to a second group of genes is introduced. In this formulation, codon bias correlations for Escherichia coli genes are evaluated for level of expression, for contrasts along genes, for genes in different 200 kb (or longer) contigs around the genome, for effects of gene size, for variation over different function classes, for codon bias in relation to possible lateral transfer and for dicodon bias for some gene classes. Among the function classes, codon biases of ribosomal proteins are the most deviant from the codon frequencies of the average E. coli gene. Other classes of ‘highly expressed genes’ (e.g. amino acyl tRNA synthetases, chaperonins, modification genes essential to translation activities) show less extreme codon biases. Consistently for genes with experimentally determined expression rates in the exponential growth phase, those of highest molar abundances are more deviant from the average gene codon frequencies and are more similar in codon frequencies to the average ribosomal protein gene. Independent of gene size, the codon biases in the 5′ third of genes deviate by more than a factor of two from those in the middle and 3′ thirds. In this context, there appear to be conflicting selection pressures imposed by the constraints of ribosomal binding, or more generally the early phase of protein synthesis (about the first 50 codons) may be more biased than the complete nascent polypeptide. In partitioning the E. coli genome into 10 equal lengths, pronounced differences in codon site 3 G+C frequencies accumulate. Genes near to oriC have 5% greater codon site 3 G+C frequencies than do genes from the ter region. This difference also is observed between small (100–300 codons) and large (>800 codons) genes. This result contrasts with that for eukaryotic genomes (including human, Caenorhabditis elegans and yeast) where long genes tend to have site 3 more AT rich than short genes. Many of the above results are special for E. coli genes and do not apply to genes of most bacterial genomes. A gene is defined as alien (possibly horizontally transferred) if its codon bias relative to the average gene exceeds a high threshold and the codon bias relative to ribosomal proteins is also appropriately high. These are identified, including four clusters (operons). The bulk of these genes have no known function.
Emotion Recognition Model Based on Facial Expressions, Ethnicity and Gender Using Backpropagation Neural Network

Many emotion recognition approaches are built using facial expressions, but few of them use both the ethnicity and gender as attributes. The authors have developed an approach based on Artificial Neural Networks ANN using backpropagation algorithm to recognize the human emotion through facial expressions, ethnicity and gender. Their approach has been tested by using MSDEF dataset, and found that there is a positive effect on the accuracy of the recognition of emotion if they use both the ethnic group and gender as inputs to the system. Although this effect is not significant, but considerable Improvement rate reached 8%. The authors also found that females have more accurate emotion expression recognition than males and found that the gender increases the accuracy of emotion recognition. Regardless of the used dataset, the authors' approach obtained better results than some research on emotion recognition. This could be due to various reasons such as the type of the selected features and consideration of race and gender.
Rapid distortion theory and the ‘problems’ of turbulence

The ‘problems’ associated with analysing different kinds of turbulent flow and different methods of solution are classified and discussed with reference to how the turbulent structure in a flow domain depends on the scale and geometry of the domain's boundary, and on the information provided in the boundary conditions. Rapid distortion theory (RDT) is a method, based on linear analysis, for calculating ‘rapidly changing turbulent’ (RCT) flows under the action of different kinds of distortion, such as large-scale velocity gradients, the effects of bounding surfaces, body forces, etc. Recent developments of the theory are reviewed, including the criteria for its validity, and new solutions allowing for the effects of inhomogeneities and boundaries. We then consider the contribution of RDT to understanding the fundamental problems of ‘slowly changing turbulent’ (SCT) flows, such as why are similar and persistent features of the local eddy structure found in different kinds of shear flow, and what are the general features of turbulent flows near boundaries. These features, which can be defined in terms of certain statistical quantities and flow patterns in individual flow realizations, are found to correspond to the form of particular solutions of RDT which change slowly over the time of the distortion. The most general, features are insensitive to the energy spectrum and to the initial anisotropy of the turbulence. A new RDT analysis of the energy spectra E(k) indicates why, in shear flows at moderate Reynolds number, the turbulence tends to have similar forms of spectra for eddies on a local scale, despite the Reynolds number not being large enough for the existence of a nonlinear cascade and there being no universal forms of spectra for unsheared turbulence; for this situation, the action of shear dU1/dx2 changes the form of the spectrum, so that, as β = (tdU1/dx2 increases, over an increasing part of the spectrum defined in terms of the integral scale L by β−1 [Gt ] kL, E(k) ∝ k−2, whatever the form of initial spectrum of E0(k) (provided E(k) = o(k−2) for kL [Gt ] 1).
QUALITÉ DE L'INFORMATION FINANCIÈRE ET INTRODUCTION DES SOCIÉTÉS SUR LE NOUVEAU MARCHÉ : ENJEUX ET PROPOSITION D'UN CADRE D'ANALYSE

L'introduction d'une societe sur le marche financier se traduit presque systematiquement par un prix d'offre inferieur au cours du premier jour. Cette sous-evaluation est essentiellement due a une asymetrie d'information entre les differentes parties prenantes. Dans le contexte specifique du Nouveau Marche, la communication financiere a tenu un role particulierement important, du a la nature des informations financieres livrees par les societes. En effet, peu d'entreprises possedaient d'historique long permettant aux investisseurs d'evaluer leur situation financiere et leur potentiel de developpement. On peut donc supposer que, meilleure et plus riche aura ete l'information delivree, la plus faible aura ete la sous-evaluation. Cette communication a pour objet de presenter un cadre d'analyse permettant de mesurer la qualite de l'information diffusee prealablement a l'introduction. Apres avoir presente les developpements theoriques et empiriques sous-jacents a l'association entre la sous-evaluation et la communication financiere, nous proposons un outil de mesure concu sur la base d'un indice de divulgation couramment applique dans les rapports annuels, mais adapte aux prospectus d'introduction. Ce travail preliminaire s'appuie sur une analyse du contenu des notices d'introduction, permettant de presenter quelques resultats de statistique descriptive et demontrer l'interet d'un tel indice.
Developing and testing pediatric oral healthcare quality measures.

OBJECTIVE This study describes processes used to develop and test pediatric oral healthcare quality measures and provides recommendations for implementation. METHODS At the request of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the Dental Quality Alliance (DQA) was formed in 2008 as a multi-stakeholder group to develop oral healthcare quality measures. For its initial focus on pediatric care, measure development processes included a literature review and environmental scan to identify relevant measure concepts, which were rated on importance, feasibility, and validity using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi approach. These measure concepts and a gap assessment led to the development of a proposed set of measures that were tested for feasibility, reliability, and validity. RESULTS Of 112 measure concepts identified, 59 met inclusion criteria to undergo formal rating. Twenty-one of 59 measure concepts were rated as "high scoring. " Subsequently, 11 quality and related care delivery measures comprising a proposed pediatric starter set were developed and tested; 10 measures met feasibility, reliability, and validity criteria and were approved by the DQA stakeholder membership. These measures are currently being incorporated into Medicaid, Children's Health Insurance Program, and commercial quality improvement programs. CONCLUSIONS Broad stakeholder engagement, rigorous measure development and testing processes, and regular opportunities for public input contributed to the development and validation of the first set of fully specified and tested pediatric oral healthcare quality measures, which have high feasibility for implementation in both public and private sectors. This achievement marks an important essential step toward improving oral healthcare and oral health outcomes for children.