Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overview of Trevor Bench-Capon's research

across a number of topics in computer science. In this introduction we give a brief overview of his main contributions, with no hope to be complete. Looking at Trevor Bench-Capon’s published work, one main development can be recognised: from knowledge representation to argumentation. In his earlier work, the main focus was on principled knowledge representation (often in logic programming) while the reasoning was secondary in that it followed the meaning of the representations. This focus is apparent from the title of a textbook on AI he wrote in 1990, titled Knowledge Representation: An Approach to Articial Intelligence [6]. In his later work instead the focus was on forms of reasoning that go beyond the meaning of the representations. It is here that the notion of argumentation is central. In Bench-Capon’s published work this shift becomes apparent roughly towards 2000. However, as Bench-Capon himself describes in [11], he has always had an interest in argument (meant to be persuasive) as opposed to proof (meant to be valid). This interest goes back to his years as a philosophy student in Oxford and as a trainee policy maker in the UK civil service. Some traces of this early part of his career can be found in his earlier publications, but that work is mainly on knowledge-based systems, with special emphasis on legal applications. Besides knowledge representation, this earlier work also concerned principled engineering methods for knowledge-based systems, with special emphasis on ontologies, which were a computing concept in their infancy at the time, and on validation and maintenance. This strand of work was very inuential on more practically-oriented work in knowledge-based systems. His later work on argumentation is more foundational in nature since it laid the groundwork for a perspective on practical reasoning that is rooted in ideas from philosophy. Above all, Bench-Capon has put the persuasiveness of arguments and the importance in this respect of societal values on the research agenda of articial intelligence. As can be seen from inspecting his substantial personal bibliography, BenchCapon has a vast collection of collaborators and rarely worked alone. His coauthors span various disciplines, both within and outside of computer science, and as such his collaborative work covers a rich variety of topics. Below we
Design Of A Cooperative Autonomous Mobile Robot System At The Undergraduate Level

This paper describes an undergraduate-level design project in a course on autonomous mobile robot systems. The project is intended to allow a great deal of latitude in implementation and to promote teamwork and integrated design methodologies in a framework that is both instructional and interesting. The technical challenges of the project include limited bandwidth communications, cooperative multi-agent algorithms, data storage and transmission and physical system design/control. Additionally, the project is structured in such a way as to provide the students experience in organizing large teams of cooperative designers and working with small task-dedicated design teams. This design project was a subcomponent of a course in Autonomous Robot Design in the Systems Engineering Department at the United States Naval Academy.
Enhancement Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Kinetin on Sucrose Metabolism in Mungbean Seedlings Under Arsenate Toxicity

Arsenic pollution is at present an emerging global crisis. Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid found in water, soil and air from natural and anthropogenic sources. Currently, Arsenic pollution has gained a burning global importance due to its toxic effects. Growth of major pulse crop Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek) was affected right from seedling stage when treated with Sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4.7H2O). With the increase in concentration of Sodium arsenate (5μM, 10μM and 20μM) significant decrease in seedling length, water content and primary leaf area was observed. The vital pigments like chlorophyll, caroteniod content as well as Hill activity reduced appreciably in sodium arsenate treated seedlings which indicates poor photosynthetic metabolism. Arsenate exposure also altered metabolism of main photosynthate, sucrose. Arsenate toxicity led to decrease in reducing and non reducing sugar content in the mungbean seedlings whereas starch content was elevated. Pretreatment of mungbean seeds with Phytohormone-GA3 and Kinetin could ameliorate Arsenate induced toxicity to different extent in terms of growth and sucrose metabolism. Thus, the use of GA3 and Kinetin may help to resist the arsenic toxicity in seedling stage, to some extent, in arsenic contaminated areas.
A Statistical Boundary Layer Model for the Mantle D

[1] The D″ region above the core-mantle boundary (CMB) plays critical roles in the dynamics of both the mantle and the core; however, the complexity of this region observed over a broad range of spatial scales defies simple interpretations as either purely thermal or purely chemical heterogeneity. Here, we formulate a 1-D, time-dependent boundary layer model for the D″ region, which provides statistical properties of the dynamics and seismic heterogeneity, by coupling thermal, chemical, and phase (TCP) variability in the layer. We assume a Gaussian-like time-dependent mantle flow, compositional stratification due to variations in iron content, heat flow variations because of changes in the local temperature gradient, and a postperovskite (PPV) phase transformation. We compute a range of TCP boundary layer model cases that are consistent with the observed seismic shear wave velocity heterogeneity in the region 50–300 km above the CMB. These results imply an average CMB heat flow near 13 TW with ±3 TW variations, CMB temperature of 4000 K, a large positive PPV Clapeyron slope, and an average heat transport of about 3 TW associated with deep mantle plumes.
Phase Diagram for a Diblock Copolymer Melt under Cylindrical Confinement

We extensively study the phase diagram of a diblock copolymer melt confined in a cylindrical nanopore using real-space self-consistent mean-field theory. We discover a rich variety of new two-dimensional structures that have no analogue in the unconfined system. These include nonhexagonally coordinated cylinder phases and structures intermediate between lamellae and cylinders. We map the stability regions and phase boundaries for all the structures we find. As the pore diameter is decreased, the pore accommodates fewer cylindrical domains and structural transitions occur as cylinders are eliminated. Our results are consistent with experiments, but we also predict phases yet to be observed.
Prognostic value of Systemic immune-inflammation index in cancer: A meta-analysis

Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), on the basis of lymphocyte, neutrophil and platelet counts had been published to be a good prognostic factor in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of SII in cancer patients remains inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of SII in these patients with cancer. A total of 22 articles with 7657 patients enrolled in this meta-analysis. The combined result revealed that a high SII was evidently correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR=1.69, 95%CI=1.42-2.01, p<0.001), poor time to recurrent (TTR) (HR=1.87, p<0.001) , poor progress-free survival (PFS) (HR=1.61, p=0.012) ,poor cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR=1.44, p=0.027) , poor relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR=1.66, p=0.025) and poor disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=2.70, p<0.001) in patients with cancers. Subgroup analysis indicated that SII over the cutoff value could predict worse overall survival in Hepatocellular carcinoma (p<0.001), Gastric cancer (p=0.005), Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (p=0.013), Urinary system cancer (p<0.001), Small cell lung cancer (p<0.001), Non-Small cell lung cancer (p<0.001) and Acral Melanoma (p<0.001). The largest effect size was observed in the Hepatocellular carcinoma (HR=2.11). In addition, these associations did not vary significantly by the cutoff value, sample size and ethnicity. Therefore, high SII may be a potential prognostic marker in patients with various cancers and associated with the poor overall outcomes.
Evaluation of the acute and subchronic oral toxicity of ethanol extract from Valeriana pavonii species in W ist ar rat s*

Introduction: One of the most frequent problems found in medicinal plants is the absence of clinical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies. Valeriana pavonii s one of the species used in Colombia as an anxiolytic. Further study of this specie is rendered to add information in the toxicological area. Objective: The acute and subchronic oral toxicity of V. pavonii ethanolic extract was evaluated in Wistar rats of both sexes. Materials and methods : The rats were distributed into four groups: the control group received the vehicle (0.5 mL/100 g of corporal weight) and the other three groups received increasing levels of the dosage for 90 days to evaluate characteristics like physical exam, laboratory test (blood chemistry and haematology), and anatomopathological findings. Results: This study reveals that there were no signs of toxicity, mortality, or significant alterations attributable to the ethanolic extract of V. pavonii. Conclusions: The Not Observed Adverse Effect Levels (NOAEL) of V. pavonii ethanolic extract were 2000 and 1000 mg/ kg of body weight for the acute and subchronic toxicity studies, respectively.
A Review of Nutritional and Nutraceutical Components of Buckwheat

Buckwheat, frequently classified as a pseudocereal, is one of the minor crops cultivated by ethnic groups in developed and developing countries which is an integral part of their diet and culture. When views on food components changed from only a source of basic nutrients into a resource of health promoting compounds, suddenly buckwheat was recognized as a food ingredient offering a variety of unique nutrients and nutraceuticals. The importance of buckwheat components is currently reflected by the large volume of research on nutritional and health aspects of this crop. In this paper we appraise recent findings in the macronutrients, nutraceuticals and unique components with astonishing properties present in buckwheat seed and plant. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
MOBILESoft : G : Reducing Latency in Mobile Apps via Program Analysis

Reducing network latency in mobile applications is an effective way of improving the mobile user experience and has tangible economic benefits. We present PALOMA, a novel client-centric technique for reducing the network latency by prefetching HTTP requests in Android apps. Our work leverages string analysis and callback controlflow analysis to automatically instrument apps using PALOMA’s rigorous formulation of scenarios that address “what” and “when” to prefetch. PALOMA has been shown to incur significant runtime savings (several hundred milliseconds per prefetchable HTTP request), both when applied on a reusable evaluation benchmark we have developed and on real applications.
OPTIMIZATION OF LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE TECHNIQUE USING GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SIGNALS

Human-computer intelligent interaction (HCII) is a rising field of science that aims to refine and enhance the interaction between computer and human. Since emotion plays a vital role in human daily life, the ability of computer to interpret and response to human emotion is a crucial element for future intelligent system. Accordingly, several studies have been conducted to recognise human emotion using different technique such as facial expression, speech, galvanic skin response (GSR), or heart rate (HR). However, such techniques have problems mainly in terms of credibility and reliability as people can fake their feeling and response. Electroencephalogram (EEG) on the other has shown to be a very effective way in recognising human emotion as this technique records the brain activity of human and they can hardly be deceived by voluntary control. Regardless the popularity of EEG in recognizing human emotion, this study field is relatively challenging as EEG signal is nonlinear, involves myriad factors and chaotic in nature. These issues have led to high dimensional problem and poor classification results. To address such problems, this study has proposed a novel computational model, which consist of three main stages, namely a) feature extraction; b) feature selection and c) classifier. Discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) has been used to extract EEG signals feature and ultimately 204,800 features from 32 subject-independent have been obtained. Meanwhile, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) have been used as a feature selection technique and classifier respectively. This computational model is tested on the common DEAP pre-processed EEG dataset in order to classify three levels of valence and arousal. The empirical results have shown that the proposed GA-LSSVM, has improved the classification results to 49.22% and 54.83% for valence and arousal respectively, whereas is it observed that 46.33% of valence and 48.30% of arousal classification were achieved when no feature selection technique is applied on the identical classifier
CLUBAS: An Algorithm and Java Based Tool for Software Bug Classification Using Bug Attributes Similarities

In this paper, a software bug classification algorithm, CLUBAS (Classification of Software Bugs Using Bug Attribute Similarity) is presented. CLUBAS is a hybrid algorithm, and is designed by using text clustering, frequent term calculations and taxonomic terms mapping techniques. The algorithm CLUBAS is an example of classification using clustering technique. The proposed algorithm works in three major steps, in the first step text clusters are created using software bug textual attributes data and followed by the second step in which cluster labels are generated using label induction for each cluster, and in the third step, the cluster labels are mapped against the bug taxonomic terms to identify the appropriate categories of the bug clusters. The cluster labels are generated using frequent and meaningful terms present in the bug attributes, for the bugs belonging to the bug clusters. The designed algorithm is evaluated using the performance parameters F-measures and accuracy. These parameters are compared with the standard classification techniques like Na? ve Bayes, Naive Bayes Multinomial, J48, Support Vector Machine and Weka’s classification using clustering algorithms. A GUI (Graphical User Interface) based tool is also developed in java for the implementation of CLUBAS algorithm.
Clinicopathological characteristics and intrarenal angiotensin II expression in X-linked Alport syndrome

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the pathological and clinical features of children with X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), and to map intrarenal expression of angiotensin II (AngII). Methods: The clinical features were retrospectively analyzed in 16 children from 16 families with XLAS. Immunofluorescence for localization of α3 and α5 (type IV collagen) chains was detected. Intrarenal AngII, angiotensinogen (AGT), renin, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) were examined in renal specimens by immunohistochemistry. Genetic mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5 were examined in three families using exon trapping-next generation sequencing technology. Results: Hematuria was found in all 16 children with XLAS, nephrotic syndrome in 8 (males 50%, females 50%). AGT, renin, ACE and AT1R were expressed in tubular epithelial cells, and renin also was seen in interstitium and foam cells. Compared with normal renal tissues, the intrarenal AngII expression was significantly increased in 16 children with XLAS. AngII was located in intrarenal tubules, interstitium, and foam cells and correlated with the severity of chronic tubulointerstitial lesions. Two new glycine replacement missense mutations (Gly 515 Arg and Gly 539 Val) were identified in COL4A5 gene in two families, and one nonsense mutation of c.1117C>T (p. Arg 373 Ter) was found in COL4A5 in one family. Conclusions: In addition to persistent proteinuria, the enhanced intrarenal AngII seems to play an important role in tubulointerstitial lesions and foam cell formation during progression of XLAS.
Egg Production, Egg Quality, Blood Profiles, Cecal Microflora, and Excreta Noxious Gas Emission in Laying Hens Fed with Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seed Extract

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary fenugreek seed extract (FSE) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, blood profiles, cecal microflora, and excreta noxious gas emission in laying hens. A total of 384 laying hens (26-weeks old, Hyline-brown) were fed three different levels of FSE (0, 0.05, and 0.1%) in a cornsoybean diet for 6 weeks. The inclusion of FSE in the laying hen diet did not affect egg production, feed intake, or feed conversion among treatments; however, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and yolk color increased in FSE-fed groups (linear, P<0.05). Supplemental FSE decreased the serum total cholesterol concentration, whereas the HDL-cholesterol concentration increased in the FSE fed-groups (linear, P<0.05). FSE led to an increase in cecal Lactobacillus number (linear, P<0.05), and a decrease in Escherichia coli number (quadratic, P<0.05) and excreta ammonia gas emission (linear, P<0.05). These results suggest that the addition of FSE does not increase egg production, but may affect egg quality, serum total- and HDL-cholesterol concentration, and cecal microflora. FSE also decreased ammonia gas emission in laying hen excreta.
Chronic pain and kinesiophobia among older adults. Prevalence, characteristics and impact on physical activity.

Background: Chronic pain is common in older adults, yet little is known of its development in old age. Although fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic pain have been explored in younger adults, the relationship between chronic pain, kinesiophobia and physical activity levels has not been investigated in older adults.Objectives: The overall aim was to explore prevalence, development and related factors of chronic pain and kinesiophobia in older adults with a focus on psychosocial and pain related factors and their impact on physical activity among older adults.Methods: The study had a longitudinal design and data were obtained through posted surveys and collected at baseline and after 12 and 24 months during 2011–2013. Participants (N=2000) were selected through simple randomization of the Swedish register of inhabitants using the whole Swedish population aged 65+, as sampling frame. A total of 1141 older adults were included at baseline (aged 65–103 years). Prevalence, incidence rate and cumulative incidence of chronic pain over 2 years in different age strata were estimated. To estimate associations for demographic, psychosocial and pain-related variables as functions of chronic pain (persistence and onset), kinesiophobia and physical activity linear/logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: In paper I, chronic pain was reported by 38.5% of the participants, more common among females and those over 85 years. The incidence was estimated at 5.4%. Being female, having lower BMI, high intensity/severity, long duration and multiple locations of pain were able to predict persistence of chronic pain among older women. Paper II showed that TSK-11 had acceptable construct validity, factor structure and test-retest reliability. In Papers III–IV generally low levels of kinesiophobia were found among those with chronic pain, except among frailer and older adults living in care homes. Despite this, it was found that kinesiophobia was independently associated with levels of physical activity and significantly lower levels of physical activity among those with chronic pain.Conclusions: Even though chronic pain was often highly prevalent and persistent, both onset and recovery occurred over time. The findings highlight the importance of early pain management in prevention of future pain among older adults. It must also be considered that older adults with chronic pain are at higher risk of functional decline and additional chronic diseases, due to significantly lower levels of physical activity compared to older without chronic pain. Kinesiophobia among older adults can be captured by the TSK-11 and plays an important role in predicting future physical activity levels and is hence important to consider. Potential interventions against kinesiophobia among older adults should aim to decrease pain intensity and strengthen health beliefs. (Less)
Development of Laboratory Procedures to Predict Volatile Losses from Contaminated Sediments

Contaminated sediments and dredged materials can be sources for emissions of volatile compounds, many of which are in high concentrations in these materials. This phenomenon is becoming increasingly recognized as a potential environmental problem. Previous investigations conducted with sediment from New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, showed that large amounts of VOCS are emitted from sediments when the material is disturbed and exposed to air.
Anti-ulcer activity of Synadenium grantii latex

Synadenium grantii Hook f. , Euphorbiaceae, is popularly known as leitosinha or janauba. The diluted latex (18 drops/L of water) is commonly used in the south of Brazil to treat gastric disturbances. This study evaluated phytochemical screening and toxicity using Artemia salina Leach of crude bark extract and also latex. The toxicity and the anti-ulcer activity of S. grantii latex were also tested in rats. Phytochemical results showed presence of tannins, terpenes, unsaponificable substances, coumarins and anthraquinones in the crude bark extract and terpenes in the latex. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis demonstrated the presence of diterpene tigliane esters in the latex, identified as 12-deoxyphorbol-13-(2-metilpropionate) and phorbol 12,13,20-triacetate. The toxicity results using A. salina presented CL50 26. 58μg/mL and CL50 778. 66μg/mL, for the latex and the crude bark extract respectively. The toxicological hepatic parameters of the diluted latex were not different to the control group (p<0.05). The eosinophils cells showed an increase in both the diluted and pure latex groups. The pure latex showed gastric protection of 90% (p<0.05) and the diluted latex showed 6% compared to the negative control. Therefore, our data indicate that S. grantii latex, under research conditions presented gastric protection. Pure latex showed more toxicity than the diluted latex.
Natural Diet of Two Commercial Crab Species, Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775) and P. sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783), in the Coastal Waters of Karachi

Stomach contents of 558 Portunus segnis (Forskal, 1775) and 426 P. sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783), from coastal waters of Karachi were examined. Crabs were collected from Korangi Creek, Karachi from January 2004 to December 2005. The frequency of occurrence and points methods were used for the stomach contents analysis. Out of 558 P. segnis and 426 P. sanguinolentus, 254 (45.52%) and 227 (53.3%) crabs had empty stomach, respectively. Mollusca and Crustacea dominated the diet of both the species. According to points method Mollusca and Crustacea scored 67.28% and 53.8% points in P. segnis and P. sanguinolentus, respectively. When analyzed by frequency of occurrence method Mollusca and Crustacea occurred in 88.37% and 71.4% stomachs in P. segnis and P. sanguinolentus, respectively. Majority of the Mollusca eaten by P. segnis and P. sanguinolentus were small soft-shelled bivalves while Crustacea included mostly small crabs. Small fish, shrimps, polychaete worms, sponges, starfishes, brittle stars, bryozoans, and plant (algae) materials were also present in some stomachs in small quantity. Results of the present study suggest that the two crab species are opportunistic predator competing for food in the natural environment.