Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NOT referring to a recent journal article Salvage Radical Prostatectomy in Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Who

Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (NMCRPC) refers to a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level under androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), with testosterone <50 ng/ml in the absence of clinically detectable metastatic disease. It is mostly the result of widespread offlabel use of primary or salvage ADT in patients with PSA progression in the absence of metastases. The natural history of this disease suggests that only 30% of cases will develop bone metastases and 20% will die within 2 yr [1]. At present, no treatment option outside the setting of a clinical trial is recommended for NM-CRPC [2], making the management of this clinical entity a therapeutic challenge. We assessed the role of salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) and extended lymphadenectomy in a prospective feasibility study of 12 patients with NM-CRPC following primary radiotherapy. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the San Giovanni Battista Hospital in Torino, Italy, on April 20, 2009. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) was defined as PSA >2 ng/ml of the nadir value [3]. Evidence of bone metastases and/or retroperitoneal disease at bone scan, computed tomography (CT), or positron emission tomography (PET)-CT and a PSA density velocity <6 mo represented exclusion criteria. Local failure was defined by digital rectal examination, PET-CT, or biopsy. Patient characteristics are detailed in Table 1. At baseline, five patients had intermediate-risk PCa and seven had high-risk PCa. Median time from primary treatment to the development of NM-CRPC was 49 mo (range: 2–104 mo). Median PSA at salvage surgery was 6.3 ng/ml (interquartile range: 3.0–8.8 ng/ml). On pathologic specimen, 11 patients had pT3/pT4 disease, 7 had positive margins, and 6 were pN1. Moreover, 10 patients had Gleason score 9 (n = 8) or 10 (n = 2) after sRP. ADT was stopped postoperatively in 10 of 12 patients. PSA nadir <0.2 ng/ml was achieved in six patients. At a median followup of 40.5 mo, 3 of 12 patients had no evidence of disease, 1 showed biochemical failure only, 2 developed metastatic disease, and 6 died of disease. Comparative Kaplan-Meier curves failed to show a significant difference in cancerspecific survival for patients who achieved the PSA nadir and those who did not. Major complications were rectal injury requiring temporary colostomy in one patient and rectourethral fistula eventually needing pelvic exenteration plus terminal colostomy in another patient. Urinary continence was achieved in seven patients, one remained heavily incontinent, and four required some sort of urinary diversion (bilateral nephrostomy and indwelling catheter, each in one patient, and two ileal conduits). Our preliminary results show that sRP is feasible for NM-CRPC patients, with an expected complication rate that may be higher than that reported for sRP in hormone-naı̈ve PCa [4]. This is likely to reflect the more aggressive nature of E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 6 5 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 2 5 4 – 2 6 2
Relationship Lending in Microcredit: Evidence from Bangladesh

We use primary data compiled from the field in 34 randomly selected villages in Bangladesh to examine the role of bank-borrower relationships in the application and approval stages of microcredit. We find evidence that potential borrowers who have maintained membership for a long time, and who have non-mandatory saving accounts and a successful track record of previous loans are more likely to apply, and be approved, for individual as well as group loans. Having a relationship with multiple lenders increases the probability of applying for a loan but reduces the probability of being approved for it. We also provide evidence that it is the large (rather than small) microfinance institutions who rely more on relationship metrics.
Measurements in the Troposphere Missing Gas-Phase Source of HONO Inferred from Zeppelin

, 292 (2014); 344 Science et al. Xin Li Measurements in the Troposphere Missing Gas-Phase Source of HONO Inferred from Zeppelin This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): November 15, 2014 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/344/6181/292.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2014/04/16/344.6181. 292.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/344/6181/292.full. html#ref-list-1 , 4 of which can be accessed free: cites 48 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/atmos Atmospheric Science subject collections: This article appears in the following
Mole CDX

Downlo caudal-related homeobox transcription factor CDX2 has a key role in intestinal development and ntiation. CDX2 heterozygous mutant mice develop colonic polyps, and loss of CDX2 expression is seen ubset of colon carcinomas in humans. Ectopic CDX2 expression in the stomach of transgenic mice tes intestinal metaplasia, and CDX2 expression is frequently detected in intestinal metaplasia in the ch and esophagus. We sought to define CDX2-regulated genes to enhance knowledge of CDX2 function. colorectal cancer cells have minimal endogenous CDX2 expression, and HT-29 cells with ectopic CDX2 sion were generated. Microarray-based gene expression studies revealed that the Multidrug Resistance 1 /P-glycoprotein/ABCB1) gene was activated by CDX2. Evidence that the MDR1 gene was a direct tranonal target of CDX2 was obtained, including analyses with MDR1 reporter gene constructs and chroimmunoprecipitation assays. RNA interference–mediated inhibition of CDX2 decreased endogenous expression. In various colorectal cancer cell lines and human tissues, endogenous MDR1 expression ell correlated to CDX2 expression. Overexpression of CDX2 in HT-29 cells revealed increased resistance known substrate of MDR1, vincristine and paclitaxel, which was reversed by an MDR1 inhibitor, veraphese data indicate that CDX2 directly regulates MDR1 gene expression through binding to elements in omoter region. Thus, CDX2 is probably important for basal expression of MDR1, regulating drug excrethe pr tion and absorption in the lower gastrointestinal tract, as well as for multidrug resistance to chemotherapy reagent in CDX2-positive gastrointestinal cancers. Cancer Res; 70(17); OF1–12. ©2010 AACR.
A novel ethylene responsive factor CitERF 13 plays a role in photosynthesis regulation Short title : Role of CitERF 13 in photosynthesis

Ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) act as critical downstream components of the ethylene signalling pathway in regulating plant development and stress responses. However little is known about its role in regulation of photosynthesis. Here, we identified an ethylene-inducible ERF gene in citrus, CitERF13. Transient over-expression of CitERF13 in N. tabacum leaves, resulted in a significant decrease in net photosynthetic rate. Closer examination of photosynthetic activity of PSII and PSI indicated that CitERF13 overexpression led to declines of Fv/Fm, Y(II) and Y(I). However, change in NPQ was less pronounced. CitERF13 overexpression also significantly reduced Vc,max, Jmax and AQY, indicating inhibition of the Calvin cycle. The expression of photosynthesis-related genes was suppressed to a variable extent in leaf blades transiently over-expressing CitERF13. CitERF13 transient overexpression in tobacco or citrus both resulted in a decline of Chlorophyll content and CitERF13 overexpressing tobacco leaf disc was more susceptible to chlorosis in response to MV-mediated oxidative stress. The results suggest that CitERF13 is potentially involved in suppressing photosynthesis through multiple pathways, for instance, inhibiting photochemical activity of photosynthesis, CO2 carboxylation capacity and chlorophyll metabolism.
Model of Thin Endometrium Uterine Infusion With Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Endometrium Thickness in a Rat

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show multidirectional differentiation and possess immunoregulatory properties. Although transplantation of BMSCs has a therapeutic effect on many diseases, it is unclear whether BMSC transplantation can be used as a therapy for a thin endometrium. To explore whether transplantation of BMSCs directly into the uterine cavity can improve endometrium thickness, a thin endometrium rat model was established by infusing ethanol into the uterine cavity. In all, 48 rats with thin endometrium and 24 normal rats were divided into 3 groups: (1) normal group, (2) experimental group transplanted with BMSCs into uterine cavity, and (3) control group transplanted with saline into the uterine cavity. The morphology of the endometrium, the regeneration and receptivity of the endometrium, and the mechanisms involved in BMSC therapy were subsequently analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Western blot analysis, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction throughout an observation period of 3 estrus cycles. The rats in the experimental group had a significantly thicker endometrial lining and exhibited higher expression of cytokeratin, vimentin, integrin agb3, and leukaemia inhibitor factor (LIF) than that of the control group (P < .05). Bromodeoxyuridine -positive cells were detected in the endometrium after BMSC transplantation. Some proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor a messenger RNA (mRNA) and interleukin (IL)-1bmRNA, were significantly downregulated, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA and IL-6mRNA, were significantly upregulated in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < .05). In conclusion, BMSCs improved endometrium thickness, probably via their migration and immunomodulatory properties. Uterine perfusion with BMSCs represents a promising new tool for the currently intractable problem of an inadequate, thin endometrium.
preventing c-Myc / Miz 1-mediated down-regulation of p 21 and p 15 Mule / Huwe 1 / Arf-BP 1 suppresses Ras-driven tumorigenesis by Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2013/05/22/27.10. 1101.DC1. html References http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/27/10/1101.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 60 articles, 21 of which can be accessed free at: Open Access Open Access option. Genes & Development Freely available online through the Service Email Alerting click here. right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the top
Addendum: Group theoretical and topological analysis of the quantum spin Hall effect in silicene

Silicene consists of a monolayer of silicon atoms in a buckled honeycomb structure. It was recently discovered that the symmetry of such a system allows for interesting Rashba spin? orbit effects. A perpendicular electric field is able to couple to the sublattice pseudospin, making it possible to electrically tune and close the band gap. Therefore, external electric fields may generate a topological phase transition from a topological insulator to a normal insulator (or semimetal) and vice versa. The contribution of the present paper to the study of silicene is twofold. Firstly, we perform a group theoretical analysis to systematically construct the Hamiltonian in the vicinity of the K points of the Brillouin zone and find an additional, electric field induced spin? orbit term, that is allowed by symmetry. Subsequently, we identify a tight-binding model that corresponds to the group theoretically derived Hamiltonian near the K points. Secondly, we start from this tight-binding model to analyze the topological phase diagram of silicene by an explicit calculation of the topological invariant of the band structure. To this end, we calculate the topological invariant of the honeycomb lattice in a manifestly gauge invariant way which allows us to include Sz symmetry breaking terms? like Rashba spin? orbit interaction? into the topological analysis. Interestingly, we find that the interplay of a Rashba and an intrinsic spin? orbit term can generate a non-trivial quantum spin Hall phase in silicene. This is in sharp contrast to the more extensively studied honeycomb system graphene where Rashba spin? orbit interaction is known to compete with the quantum spin Hall effect in a detrimental way.
Characterization and stabilization of the extract from mango seed kernel in a cosmetic emulsion

The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the antiradical capacity using 2,2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays, chelating activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity (including solubility) of mango (Mangifera indica cultivar ChokAnan) seed kernel extract compared to methyl gallate (MG). The mango seed kernel extract (MSKE) showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher antiradical capacity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity than that of MG. The extract showed higher solubility in glycerol than water. The emulsionstabilizing properties of MSKE and MG preparations in cosmetic emulsion were investigated using apparent viscosity and total phenolic content. The phenolics affected emulsion stability under high temperature storage and a temperature cycling test. The apparent viscosity increased differently for the emulsion containing the MSKE and MG compared to the base lotion emulsion. The total phenolic content decreased during storage at higher temperature. The results showed that the interaction between the phenolics and the emulsifier, and the inclusion of other ingredients, in emulsion systems are important for cosmetic emulsion stabilization.
Aalborg Universitet Sports Type Classification using Signature

Automatic classification of activities in a sports arena is important in order to analyse and optimise the use of the arenas. In this work we classify five sports types based only on occupancy heatmaps produced from position data. Due to privacy issues we use thermal imaging for detecting people and then calculate their positions on the court using homography. Heatmaps are produced by summarising Gaussian distributions respresenting people over 10-minute periods. Before classification the heatmaps are projected to a low-dimensional discriminative space using the principle of Fisherfaces. Our result using two weeks of video are very promising with a correct classification of 90.76 %.
Mass spectrum of scalar and gauge fields in the cosmological multiply warped brane-world

In this paper, we compute the massive modes of scalar and gauge fields in a multiply warped brane-world scenario in six-dimensional spacetime with a Freedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric. The massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of the fields are split in two mass towers due to the presence of the warped in both dimensions. This does not occurs in the standard Randall-Sundrum (RS) model. We investigate the dependence of the mass spectrum on Hubble constant. Lighter massive modes of the fields are found, whereby it is possible to infer that scalar and bosonic matter can directly influence in universe expansion.
Quantum Information and the Representation Theory of the Symmetric Group Información

A number of important results in quantum information theory can be connected quite elegantly to the representation theory of the symmetric group through a quantum analogue of the classical information-theoretic “method of types” that arises naturally from the Schur-Weyl duality. We will give a brief introduction to this connection and briefly discuss some of the results that follow from it, such as quantum source compression rates, entanglement concentration rates, quantum entropy inequalities, and the admissisble spectra of partial density matrices from pure, multipartite entangled states.
Practical Considerations Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium Following Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage : Pathophysiology and

Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) is a triad of transient left ventricular dysfunction, electrocardiogram changes, and elevation in cardiac enzymes, often mimicking a myocardial infarction. It has been described following acute brain injury. The purported mechanism is catecholamine excess resulting in cardiac dysfunction. From the clinical standpoint, the most frequently encountered electrocardiographic changes are QTc prolongation and ST-T changes, with modest elevations in troponin levels. Basal and mid-ventricular segments of the left ventricle are most commonly involved. NSM poses therapeutic challenges when it occurs secondary to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, particularly in the setting of coexisting vasospasm. Overall, NSM carries good prognosis if recognized early, with appropriate management of hemodynamic and cardiopulmonary parameters.
A synthetic cannabinoid MAM-2201 potently suppresses synaptic transmission via activation of presynaptic CB 1 receptors and reduces synaptically-evoked Intracellular Ca 2 þ transients in cerebellar Purkinje cells

Herbal products containing synthetic cannabinoidsdinitially sold as legal alternatives to marijuanadhave become major drugs of abuse. Among the synthetic cannabinoids, [1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1Hindol-3-yl](4-methyl-1-naphthalenyl)-methanone (MAM-2201) has been recently detected in herbal products and has psychoactive and intoxicating effects in humans, suggesting that MAM-2201 alters brain function. Nevertheless, the pharmacological actions of MAM-2201 on cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and neuronal functions have not been elucidated. We found that MAM-2201 acted as an agonist of human CB1Rs expressed in AtT-20 cells. In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings made from Purkinje cells (PCs) in slice preparations of the mouse cerebellum, we also found that MAM-2201 inhibited glutamate release at parallel fiber-PC synapses via activation of presynaptic CB1Rs. MAM-2201 inhibited neurotransmitter release with an inhibitory concentration 50% of 0.36 mM. MAM-2201 caused greater inhibition of neurotransmitter release than D9-tetrahydrocannabinol within the range of 0.1e30 mM and JWH-018, one of the most popular and potent synthetic cannabinoids detected in the herbal products, within the range of 0.03e3 mM. MAM-2201 caused a concentration-dependent suppression of GABA release onto PCs. Furthermore, MAM-2201 induced suppression of glutamate release at climbing fiber-PC synapses, leading to reduced dendritic Ca2þ transients in PCs. These results suggest that MAM-2201 is likely to suppress neurotransmitter release at CB1R-expressing synapses in humans. The reduction of neurotransmitter release from CB1R-containing synapses could contribute to some of the symptoms of synthetic cannabinoid intoxication including impairments in cerebellum-dependent motor coordination
Effects of liming on soil properties, leaf tissue cation composition and grape yield in a moderately acid vineyard soil. Influence on must and wine quality

Aims: Soil acidity decreases soil fertility and grapevine growth. Aluminum toxicity has been recognized as one of the most common causes of reduced grape yields in acid vineyard soils. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two liming materials, i.e. dolomitic lime and sugar foam, on a vineyard cultivated in an acid soil.Methods and results: The effects were studied in two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm), as well as on leaf nutrient contents, grape yield, and must and wine quality properties, in a vineyard dedicated to Vitis vinifera L. cv. Mencia cultivation. The data management and analysis were carried out using ANOVA.Conclusion: Sugar foam was more efficient than dolomitic limestone as liming material since it induced the highest decrease in soil acidity properties at the same calcium carbonate equivalent dose. Effects of liming on leaf nutrient contents, grape yield, and must and wine quality properties were barely observed.Significance and impact of the study: Until recently, little was known about the effects of liming on both vine nutritional status and must/wine quality properties. Thus, this research fills an important knowledge gap.
Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer in Mice Inhibits Colitis and 2 Derived Prostaglandin

Compared with prostaglandin E2, which has an established role in cancer, the role of the COX metabolite prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) in chronic inflammation leading to tumorigenesis is uncertain. In this study, we investigated the role of PGD2 in colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) using genetically modified mice and an established model of inflammatory colon carcinogenesis. Systemic genetic deficiency in hematopoietic PGD synthase (H-PGDS) aggravated colitis and accelerated tumor formation in a manner associated with increased TNFa expression. Treatment with a TNFa receptor antagonist attenuated colitis regardless of genotype. Histologic analysis revealed that infiltrated mast cells strongly expressed H-PGDS in inflamed colons. Mast cell–specific H-PGDS deficiency also aggravated colitis and accelerated CAC. In contrast, treatment with a PGD2 receptor agonist inhibited colitis and CAC. Together, our results identified mast cell–derived PGD2 as an inhibitor of colitis and CAC, with implications for its potential use in preventing or treating colon cancer. Cancer Res; 74(11); 3011–9. 2014 AACR.
The Factors Affecting Information Technology Usage Behavior of Tax Office Employees in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting information technology usage behavior of tax office employees in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. To accomplish this purpose, the data is gathered from 133 tax office employees who work in Black Sea Region of Turkey through a questionnaire that is formed with 5-point Likert-type scale. Research model is developed in the light of Theory of Reasoned Action, and a series of analyses is conducted. The predicted hypotheses are tested thought regression analyses. According to results, intention of tax office employees has the high predictive power on information technology usage. Additionally, attitude and subjective norms of tax office employees have an impact on their intention towards information technology usage. However, their attitude has the more predictive power than their subjective norms on their intentions towards information technology usage.