Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of increased convective entrainment on Asian monsoon biases in the MetUM general circulation model

We demonstrate that summer precipitation biases in the South Asian monsoon domain are sensitive to increasing the convective parametrization's entrainment and detrainment rates in the Met Office Unified Model. We explore this sensitivity to improve our understanding of the biases and inform efforts to improve convective parametrization. We perform novel targeted experiments in which we increase the entrainment and detrainment rates in regions of especially large precipitation bias. We use these experiments to determine whether the sensitivity at a given location is a consequence of the local change to convection or is a remote response to the change elsewhere. We find that a local change leads to different mean‐state responses in comparable regions. When the entrainment and detrainment rates are increased globally, feedbacks between regions usually strengthen the local responses. We choose two regions of tropical ascent that show different mean‐state responses, the western equatorial Indian Ocean and western north Pacific, and analyse them as case‐studies to determine the mechanisms leading to the different responses. Our results indicate that several aspects of a region's mean state, including moisture content, sea surface temperature and circulation, play a role in local feedbacks which determine the response to increased entrainment and detrainment.
Perception of Employees on Institutional Factors Affecting the Implementation of Strategic Plans at Wrigley East Africa Kenya

xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background of the Study . 1 1.1.1 Employee Perception . 2 1.1.2 The Concept of Strategic Planning . 3 1.1.3 Strategy Implementation . 4 1.1.4 Institutional Factors and Implementation of Strategic Plans . 5 1.1. 5 Confectionary Manufacturing Industry in Kenya . 6 1.1. 6 Wrigley East Africa Kenya . 7 1.2 Research Problem . 8 1.3 Research Objective . 11 1.4 Value of the Study . 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 13 2.
LA PLÉTHYSMOGRAPHIE RESPIRATOIRE PAR INDUCTANCE SANS ÉTALONNAGE. DÉVELOPPEMENTS EN EXPLORATION, SURVEILLANCE ET ASSISTANCE RESPIRATOIRES

Les signaux des variations de sections thoracique (Tho) et abdominale (Abd) obtenus par plethysmographie respiratoire par inductance ont ete analyses pour 1) detecter des limitations inspiratoires de debit chez le sujet sain induites a l'aide d'un dispositif mis au point au laboratoire; cette methode de detection est basee sur l'analyse de la forme du signal Abd, 2) evaluer les variations de volume pulmonaire afin d'en deduire l'evolution des fuites au cours de la nuit, chez des patients ayant des maladies neuromusculaire sous ventilation assistee; pour faire cette evaluation, les variations d'amplitudes des signaux Tho et Abd ont ete utilisees et 3) detecter les deglutitions provoquees par ingestion d'eau chez des personnes âgees; cette detection utilise le signal debit, obtenu par derivation du signal volume calcule a partir des signaux Abd et Tho. Aucune de ces trois analyses n'a necessite l'etalonnage du systeme de plethysmographie respiratoire par inductance.
Evaluation of Some Biocontrol Agents against Soil Pathogenic Fungi.

The current study was aimed to screen of certain rhizospheric bacterial biocontrol agents against some pathogenic fungi. The obtained data revealed that among 116 bacterial isolates, nineteen bacterial isolates showed the highest inhibition percentage against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Regarding the antifungal activities, results indicated that isolates B38 and B103 recorded the higher values of chitinase activity, catecholate-type siderophores and NH3. Also data showed that isolate B103 was the highest producer for HCN followed by the isolates number B13 and B38. Concerning the production of volatile compounds, data indicated that isolates B103 and B38 showed considerable inhibition against pathogenic fungal growth. Data also showed that poly medium was the best medium for production of inhibitive substances for pathogenic fungi by the tested bacteria. Moreover, cultural filtrates of bacterial biocontrol agents with concentration of 10% showed the highest reduction percentage of mycelial weight of the tested strains after 3 days. The most potent isolates for bioagent production were chosen and these isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (B103) and Bacillus subtilis (B38).
Quantitative Analysis on Robustness of FLD and PCA- based Face Recognition Algorithms

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has emerged as a more efficient approach for extracting features for many pattern classification problems. It has been the standard approach to reduce the high-dimensional original pattern vector space into low-dimensional feature vector space, that removes some of the noisy directions. PCA is an unsupervised technique which does not include label information of the data. In addition to PCA, another method Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) analysis has been widely used. In this paper, we report experimental results to quantify the robustness of PCA and FLD methods for face recognition. The experimentation was performed based on different levels of additive noise and rotations in handling face recognition problem. FLD outperforms the traditional PCA on the basis of robustness.
Knowledge management in the Banking industry

A system is only as good as the data within that system. An increasing amount of organizations are discovering this as they upgrade older legacy systems into Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Customer Relations Management (CRM) systems. New technologies in today's world, the Internet and revelations in interface design have resulted in companies being closely intertwined with each other and the consumer. It is more important than ever for manufacturers to be able to transmit and display quality data. A basic component of data quality is that data must be correct and accessible among systems. Another element important to data quality is conformance to user requirements. The data specification is required to be available to the public and it must be possible to check that the message complies with the data specification automatically by software tools. The second part is provenance. Another essential component is the owner of the data element. Other anticipated parts include, Accuracy and Completeness. Participation by both data suppliers and data recipients will be necessary in order to succeed. Instead of just accepting data as is, organizations now have a way to enforce levels of information quality when transferring and buying other organization's data. The result of the Internet and new technologies has been a shift in attitude of suppliers; now they have realized that, by such a framework, they can implement a managed data integration solution by automating requests for master data from their customers (Grantner, 2010). If suppliers can improve the descriptions of data on their web sites, data would be even more visible, searchable and usable.
Resonant tunneling through two discrete energy states.

We observed new type of Lorentzian-shaped resonances in the current through two coupled quantum dots with tunable barriers. We show that the resonances occur when the energy of two discrete states match. Their widths can be as small as 5 meV and are only determined by the lifetime of the discrete energy states, independent of the reservoir temperature. The achieved energy resolution makes it possible to observe a small asymmetric deviation from the Lorentzian line shape, which we attribute to inelastic tunnel processes.
Studies on the Heterogeneity of Haemoglobin.

ANY STUDIES have revealed the heterogeneity of the haemoglobin of the normal adult human red blood cells (Singer, Chernoff and Singer, 1951; Kunkel and Wallenius, 1955; Allen, Schroeder and Balog, 1958; Clegg and Schroeder, 1959; Huisman and Meyering, 1960; Schnek and Schroeder, 1961; Jones and Schroeder, 1963a). Of the different minor haemoglobin components, which are present in addition to the major Hb-A. component, the quantities of Hb-A2 are affected by a variety of pathological states, such as thalassaemia, iron deficiency anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia (Josephson, Masri, Singer, Dworlun and Singer, 1958; Ingram and Stretton, 1961). It seems almost certain that small amounts of foetal haemoglobin are present in erythrocytic haemolysates of normal human adults (Singer et al., 1951; Betke, 1954; Huisman, Jonxis and Dozy, 1955; Huisman, 1963) although there is no universal agreement on this (Beaven, Ellis and White, 1960). Convincing evidence has recently been presented by Sturgeon, Schroeder, Jones and Bergren (1963) that the alkali-resistant haemoglobin fraction which is present in increased quantities in adults with either thalassaemia major or sickle-cell anaemia is identical to the foetal haemoglobin of the newborn. Additional minor haemoglobin fractions have been observed using different types of chromatography such as carboxymethylcellulose chromatography (Huisman and Meyering, 1960; Meyering, Israels, Sebens and Huisman, 1960)~ DEAE-cekdose chromatography (Huisman and Dozy, 1962) and Amberlite IRC-50 chromatography (Allen et al., 1958; Clegg and Schroeder, 1959; Schnek and Schroeder, 1961; Jones and Schroeder, 1963a). At least three distinct fast-moving minor haemoglobin fractions have been demonstrated with the Amberlite IRC-50 chromatographic procedure; these components have been designated as Hb-AI,, Hb-An, and Hb-AIc, respectively. In this paper the results of studies are reported in which possible variations in the quantities of these minor haemoglobin fractions, and of Hb-F and Hb-A2, in various haematological diseases have been investigated.
Allergic Rhinitis: A Growing Primary Care Challenge

Purpose To describe the growing problem of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the latest recommendations on its diagnosis and management for the nurse practitioner (NP) in primary care settings. Data Sources Recent clinical research, review articles and consensus guidelines, and the author's clinical experience. Conclusions The prevalence of AR is increasing, possibly due to increased airborne pollutants, poor ven‐tilation, and rising levels of indoor allergens. Allergic disease is systemic and rarely involves a single symptom. Treatments include reducing exposure to allergens as well as pharma‐cotherapy. Implications for Practice Patient education is crucial for successful management and includes understanding the aller‐gic basis of symptoms, reducing allergen expo‐sure, understanding proper use of medications, and reassessing the plan on a regular basis.
Achievable rate of dual-hop OFDM relay system with non-regenerative relay without FFT process

We evaluate a dual-hop OFDM relay system with non-regenerative relay without FFT/IFFT processes at the relay node to reduce the processing delay and the complexity of the relay process in terms of the achievable rate and throughput. To maximize the achievable rate, we propose a power allocation scheme to each subcarrier of the source node and the whole subcarrier of the relay node. Due to the flexible power allocation at the source node, the proposed system can attain a higher achievable rate by the method in which more power is allocated to a weaker channel and more power is allocated to the source node when the second hop has stronger channel gains. When OFDM symbol duration is relatively large, the throughput performances that consider the delay due to OFDM signal buffering at the FFT-process and propagation delay reveal that the proposed power allocation scheme outperforms a dual-hop OFDM relay system with subcarrier mapping and sub-optimal power allocation scheme.
Self-regulated music stimulation for persons with Alzheimer's disease: Impact assessment and social validation

Objective: To assess the impact and the social rating of an active music condition (in which 10 patients with Alzheimer's disease regulated their music input) vs. a passive music condition. Method: In the active condition, the patients used a simple hand response and a microswitch to activate music stimulation periods. In the passive condition, music stimulation was prearranged and continued through the sessions. The active and passive stimulation sessions were preceded and followed by control (non-stimulation) sessions. Results: The active condition sessions showed an increase in the patients’ indices of positive participation (e.g., singing or music-related movements, and smiles) similar to that observed in the passive condition sessions. Social raters (140 psychology students) favored the active condition on a six-item questionnaire dealing, among others, with conditions’ suitability, respect of patients’ dignity and independence, and practicality. Conclusion: An active music stimulation condition can be viable, effective, and socially preferable.
Evaluation of twice‐daily administration of interferon‐β for chronic hepatitis C

To improve the efficacy of interferon (IFN) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, administration of IFN‐β twice per day was evaluated. Thirty‐eight patients with chronic hepatitis C (26 males and 12 females, aged 25–67 years) were included. Patients were treated with a new protocol that included twice‐daily treatment with IFN‐β. Three million units (MU) of IFN‐β was administered twice daily every day for 4 weeks followed by 10 MU of IFN‐α2b, every day for 2 weeks and then three times a week for 18 weeks (total IFN‐β, 148 MU; IFN‐α2b, 680 MU). Complete responders (CR) were defined by alanine aminotransferase levels that normalized within 6 months after completion of IFN therapy and remained normal for more than 6 months, and by serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels that became negative as determined using the Amplicor® assay. Twenty‐one of 38 (55.3%) patients were CR. Nine of 21 (42.9%) patients with HCV serotype 1 were responders compared with nine of 12 (75.0%) patients with HCV serotype 2. In patients with an HCV titre greater than 1 million equivalents ml–1 (1 MEq ml–1), nine of 24 (37.5%) responded, and in patients with HCV titres less than 1 MEq ml–1, 12 of 14 (85.7%) responded. In patients with HCV serotype 1 and greater than 1 MEq ml–1 HCV RNA, four of 15 (26.7%) responded to IFN. Two‐thirds (66.7%) of the patients who became negative for HCV RNA after 2 weeks of therapy responded, while 72.7% of those with positive HCV RNA after 2 weeks of therapy were non‐responders. Proteinuria was frequently observed as an adverse effect of twice‐daily administration of IFN‐β. The combination of twice‐daily administration of IFN‐β for 4 weeks followed by IFN‐α showed a high response rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C, but in patients with both serotype 1 and a high titre of HCV RNA, response rates were still low. Thus, the HCV RNA titre 2 weeks after starting therapy with IFN was useful for predicting the eventual response to IFN.
Effect of Membership of Group-Farming Cooperatives on Farmers Food Production and Poverty Status in Nigeria

The problems of agriculture affect mostly the smallholder farmers who have small fields in different places. Group-farming cooperatives serves as good alternative to boost food production as well as lifting people out of poverty. In this study we used a recent survey data in Nigeria to examine the effect of membership of group-farming cooperatives on food production and poverty status. Probit regression model estimate is used to analyse the decision to join group-farming cooperatives and the effect of membership of group-farming cooperatives on poverty status and ordinary least square is employed to examine the effect of membership of group-farming cooperatives on food production and productivity of farmers. We find that, group-farming cooperatives have positive and statistically significant effect on food proction at 5% level of significance; prevalence of poverty is higher among non-members of group-farming cooperatives. Being a member of other forms of cooperative also helps to reduce poverty among the farming households. Therefore, we recommend that both the government and non-governmental organization should develop strategies that will encourage participation in group-farming cooperatives and also create more awareness among farming households, which can motivate more farmers to partake in this form of farmers organizations. Acknowledgement : I acknowledge the effort of Dr R.O. Babatunde in this project.
Improving efficiency and reducing waste for sustainable beef supply chain

In this thesis, novel methodologies were developed to improve the sustainability of beef supply chain by reducing their environmental and physical waste. These methodologies would assist stakeholders of beef supply chain viz. farmers, abattoir, processor, logistics and retailer in identification of the root causes of waste and hotspots of greenhouse emissions and their consequent mitigation. Numerous quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to develop these methodologies such as current reality tree method, big data analytics, interpretive structural modelling, toposis and cloud computing technology. Real data set from social media and interviews of stakeholders of Indian beef supply chain were used. Numerous issues associated with waste minimisation and reducing carbon footprint of beef supply chain are addressed including: (a) Identification of root causes of waste generated in the beef supply chain using Current Reality Tree method and their consequent mitigation (b) Application of social media data for waste minimisation in beef supply chain. (c) Developing consumer centric beef supply chain by amalgamation of big data technique and interpretive structural modeling (c) Reducing carbon footprint of beef supply chain using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) (d) Developing cloud computing framework for sustainable supplier selection in beef supply chain (e) Updating the existing literature on improving sustainability of beef supply chain. The efficacy of the proposed methodologies was demonstrated using case studies. These frameworks may play a crucial role to assist the decision makers of all stakeholders of beef supply chain in waste minimization and reducing carbon footprint thereby improving the sustainability of beef supply chain. The proposed methodologies are generic in nature and can be applied to other domains of red meat industry or to any other food supply chain.
Semantic memory and reading abilities: A case report

Abstract We document the unexpected dissociation of preserved reading skills in a patient with severely impaired semantic memory. The common co-occurrence between impairment of word meaning and surface dyslexia has not been observed. The patient (hereafter called DRN) had marked naming and word comprehension difficulties. A strong word frequency effect was observed on tests of word comprehension but was absent in a test of word reading. DRN's ability to read both regular and exception words that he failed to comprehend was remarkably well preserved. We will argue that these findings provide further support for the independence of semantic and phonological processing. (JINS, 1995, I, 104–110.)
Efficient Cooling in Cylinder Heads for Air Brake Compressors

The high compression ratio in air brake compressors leads to very elevated gas temperatures at the discharge side of the cylinder head. An unsteady 1-D model of the gas flow through compressor and cylinder head has been developed in order to investigate the cooling performance and the energetic efficiency of different channel designs in combination with certain plenum sizes. A prototype cylinder head was set up following guidelines worked out with the help of this simulation tool. The present work describes the unsteady 1-D model with its assumptions and simplifications, a step by step dimensioning of the plenum volumes and channels in the cylinder head by applying the simulation model on a given compressor in order to obtain an ideal cylinder head design. Finally, a selection of measurements is presented and compared to the results of the simulation.
Motivations, obligations, and obstacles to corporatesocial responsibility in Jordanian real estate companies

The study presents an understanding of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a strategic management tool of real estate companies in Jordan. The major objectives of the enquiry are to examine the level of engagement of such companies with CSR, and to identify motivations, obligations and obstacles that influenced their level of engagement. An empirical examination of Jordanian real estate companies was attempted using a structured questionnaire through a survey instrument. The study used primary data collection from a random sample of 50 managers from two major cities, Amman and Irbid. The empirical results revealed that real estate companies in Jordan had actually adopted CSR only marginally because of government and regulations compulsions. Field analysis indicated that CSR portfolios of these companies were very limited. In the absence of such selfconviction, social responsibility engagement was often hurdled by obstacles like budgetary constraints, shortage of expertise, and awareness. These companies lacked realizing benefits of social responsibilities as a management tool for long-term strategic success. The study recommended companies to get more awareness, education, and training about benefits of corporate social responsibility such as promoting social dialogue, ensuring the safety and health at work, and fostering activities of social work and economic growth.
Egalisation au niveau chip pour la liaison descendante des systèmes de communications mobiles DS-CDMA

Cette these traite de l'egalisation au niveau chip pour la liaison descendante des systemes de communications cellulaires bases sur le DS-CDMA. Nous considerons dans un premier temps les recepteurs formes d'un egaliseur lineaire suivi d'un filtre adapte au code d'interet. Une etude originale de la distribution statistique de l'interference affectant la sortie de ces recepteurs est presentee, qui conduit a une estimation precise et rapide de la probabilite d'erreur binaire. Nous explorons ensuite plusieurs approches visant a synthetiser pratiquement la reponse impulsionnelle de l'egaliseur, notamment en situation de forte mobilite. Dans un second temps, nous proposons un recepteur iteratif dedie aux transmissions multi-codes, qui repose sur l'echange d'informations ponderees entre un egaliseur au niveau chip et la fonction de desetalement. Enfin, nous montrons comment introduire l'entrelacement au niveau chip dans le standard UMTS de maniere compatible avec les specifications actuelles.