Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapy of endocrine disease: Impact of iodine supplementation in mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised, the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain. OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in populations with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. METHODS We searched Medline and the Cochrane library for relevant articles published between January 1966 and April 2013, which investigated the effect of iodine supplementation on maternal and newborn thyroid function, infant neurodevelopment and cognitive performance in school-age children. The quality of studies was graded and eligible trials were evaluated in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Nine randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and eight observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone. None of the intervention trials recorded an excess frequency of thyroid dysfunction in contrast to observational studies. A pooled analysis of two RCTs which measured cognitive function in school-age children showed modest benefits of iodine supplementation on perceptual reasoning (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.55; 95% CI 0.05, 1.04; P=0.03) and global cognitive index (SMD 0.27; 95% CI 0.10, 0.44; P=0.002) with significant heterogeneity between studies. CONCLUSION Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children, even in marginally iodine-deficient areas. Further large prospective controlled studies are urgently required to clarify these findings and quantify the risk/benefits of iodine supplementation in regions previously believed to be iodine sufficient such as the UK.
Melnikov Method for a Class of Planar Hybrid Piecewise-Smooth Systems

In this paper, we extend the well-known Melnikov method for smooth systems to a class of periodic perturbed planar hybrid piecewise-smooth systems. In this class, the switching manifold is a straight line which divides the plane into two zones, and the dynamics in each zone is governed by a smooth system. When a trajectory reaches the separation line, then a reset map is applied instantaneously before entering the trajectory in the other zone. We assume that the unperturbed system is a piecewise Hamiltonian system which possesses a piecewise-smooth homoclinic solution transversally crossing the switching manifold. Then, we study the persistence of the homoclinic orbit under a nonautonomous periodic perturbation and the reset map. To achieve this objective, we obtain the Melnikov function to measure the distance of the perturbed stable and unstable manifolds and present the theorem for homoclinic bifurcations for the class of planar hybrid piecewise-smooth systems. Furthermore, we employ the obtained Melnikov function to detect the chaotic boundaries for a concrete planar hybrid piecewise-smooth system.
The Effects of Prehydration on the Properties of Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Spread of Isobaric Spinal Anesthetic Drug

BACKGROUND: In a two-part clinical study, we investigated the effect of the administration of fluids “prehydration” on the physical properties of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and intrathecal spread of local anesthetics. METHODS: First, in the clinical spinal anesthesia study, 68 patients were allocated randomly into the prehydration or nonprehydration groups. One group was prehydrated with 10 mL/kg of lactated Ringer's solution, and spinal anesthesia was performed with 12 mg of 0.5% isobaric tetracaine in all patients at the lumbar level. The arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and sensory block level were assessed. Second, in a magnetic resonance image study, 24 male volunteers were enrolled. CSF motion variables were measured after infusion of 10 mL/kg of lactated Ringer's solution to examine the net flow and volume displacement of the CSF at the L2–3 disk level. RESULTS: In the clinical study, there were no significant differences in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and median peak sensory block level between the two groups, but the median time to reach peak sensory block level (26.4 ± 15.7 vs 16.5 ± 9.2 min, P < 0.05) was longer in group P. In posthydration magnetic resonance images, the CSF regurgitant fraction (caudal flow) was significantly increased after hydration, but the stroke volume, absolute stroke volume, mean flux, stroke distance, and mean velocity in the cranial direction were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid crystalloid prehydration can affect CSF flow in the lumbar region, reducing cephalic spread of 0.5% isobaric tetracaine and delaying the time to reach the peak sensory level.
A Class of Three-Dimensional Quadratic Systems with Ten Limit Cycles

Our work is concerned with a class of three-dimensional quadratic systems with two symmetric singular points which can yield ten small limit cycles. The method used is singular value method, we obtain the expressions of the first five focal values of the two singular points that the system has. Both singular symmetric points can be fine foci of fifth order at the same time. Moreover, we obtain that each one bifurcates five small limit cycles under a certain coefficient perturbed condition, consequently, at least ten limit cycles can appear by simultaneous Hopf bifurcation.
Exercise Limitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract: The inability to engage in the usual activities of daily living is one of the most distressing experiences of people afflicted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise intolerance progresses relentlessly as the disease advances, contributing to reduced quality of life. It has become clear that in COPD, exercise intolerance ultimately reflects complex integrated abnormalities of the ventilatory, cardiovascular, peripheral muscle and neurosensory systems that vary in degree from patient to patient. Ventilatory limitation and perceived respiratory difficulty are often the dominant con-tributors to exercise curtailment in more advanced disease, but not necessarily the only ones. Recently, there has been great interest in the role of cardiovascular and peripheral muscle dysfunction (and their interaction) in exercise limitation in COPD. In this review, we examine in some detail the pathophysiological derangements that are evident during exercise in COPD with the hope of identifying specific mechanisms that are amenable to therapeutic manipulation.
Are zinc transporter type 8 antibodies a marker of autoimmune thyroiditis in non-obese adults with new-onset diabetes?

OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese adults is based on the detection of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), islet cell antibodies (ICA) and antibodies to tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A). Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) has been identified as a new autoantigen in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The coincidence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) with diabetes is common; therefore, screening of TSH and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ATPO) is recommended during the diagnosis of diabetes. In this study, we determined whether the occurrence of islet autoantibodies is associated with a positive titre of ATPO in newly diagnosed adult-onset autoimmune diabetic patients. DESIGN AND METHODS THE STUDY INVOLVED 80 NON-OBESE ADULTS AGED 44 (INTERQUARTILE RANGE (IQR): 37-51) years with a BMI of 24.0 (IQR: 22.2-26.0) kg/m(2) and new-onset diabetes. The markers of autoimmune diabetes (GADA, ICA, IA-2A and ZnT8A), TSH and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ATPO) were evaluated. RESULTS IN THE STUDY POPULATION, 70% (N=56) OF THE SUBJECTS WERE POSITIVE FOR AT LEAST ONE OF THE FOUR ASSESSED MARKERS OF AUTOIMMUNE DIABETES (83.9% GADA, 62.5% ICA, 42.8% IA-2A AND 33% ZNT8A) AND 37.5% OF THE SUBJECTS WERE POSITIVE FOR ATPO. THE ZNT8A-POSITIVE SUBJECTS HAD HIGHER ATPO TITRES THAN THE ZNT8A-NEGATIVE SUBJECTS (172.7 (IQR: 0.36-410.4) vs 92.4 (IQR: 0-23.7) IU/ml, P=0.001). Based on the assessed islet autoantibodies, the occurrence of positive ZnT8A and GADA was found to be related to a positive titre of ATPO using logistic regression (OR=5.48, 95% CI: 1.65-18.14, P=0.006 and OR=3.42, 95% CI: 1.09-10.71, P=0.03 respectively). CONCLUSIONS In non-obese adults with new-onset diabetes, the presence of GADA and especially ZnT8 autoantibodies increases the risk of AITD.
Spectral Entropy Predicts Auditory Recall in Volunteers

BACKGROUND: From a patient's perspective, intraoperative amnesia is an essential component of general anesthesia. Without specific strategies to reduce recall, its incidence is approximately 0.2% in the general surgical population and may be higher in certain subpopulations. We sought to test the validity for predicting recall of a new spectral entropy-based clinical electroencephalogram monitor. METHODS: We studied 16 volunteers in an unblinded crossover design to assess the correlation of entropy values with behavioral end points during sedation with either propofol or sevoflurane. The end points we considered included word recall, and motor response to verbal command. We also examined the stimulatory effect of verbal commands on electroencephalogram entropy. Logistic regression, receiver operating characteristics, and prediction probability were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Both State Entropy and Response Entropy were closely correlated with both behavioral end points. The prediction probability of these parameters under a variety of conditions ranged from 0.85 to 0.96. Verbal command to move increased entropy in a dose and drug-dependent fashion. CONCLUSIONS: Entropy parameters in this group of young, healthy volunteers appear to be reliable predictors of recall. These results justify extending these studies to additional anesthetics and to surgical patients.
Bifurcation Predication in Axial Compressors with Nonuniform Inflow via Deterministic Learning

The nonlinear dynamics of fluid instabilities such as rotating stall and surge in axial compressors are typically modeled as subcritical Hopf bifurcations with hysteresis. The bifurcation prediction provides an effective approach to avoid the occurrence of compressor’s instability. In this paper, based on a fluid dynamic model developed recently, a stall precursor detection approach employing deterministic learning (DL) is proposed for bifurcation predication in axial compressors with nonuniform inflow. The stall precursor near the bifurcation can be obtained as the throttle area parameter approaches its critical (or bifurcation) value. Firstly, the system dynamics underlying normal and stall precursor are locally approximated accurately through DL. The obtained knowledge of dynamics is stored in constant radial basis function (RBF) networks. Secondly, a bank of estimators is built up using the stored constant RBF networks to represent the learning normal and stall precursor patterns. By comparing each es.
Listeriosis Prevention for Older Adults: Effective Messages and Delivery Methods

Individuals aged 60 years and older are at an increased risk for listeriosis and other foodborne illnesses. They can reduce their risk by following recommended food safety practices. A total of 8 focus groups were conducted to characterize older adults' food safety knowledge and practices, their impressions of educational materials on listeriosis prevention, barriers to adopting the recommended practices, and preferred delivery methods. Participants were not aware of listeriosis and recommended practices for listeriosis prevention. Adoption of the recommended practices was not widespread following exposure to the educational materials. This study identified the need to reach older adults with information on listeriosis prevention.
How Useful Can Be Data Mining For A Continuos Speech Therapist’s Education?

Abstract Speech therapy can be viewed as a business in logopaedic area that aims to offer services for correcting language. A proper treatment of speech impairments ensures improved efficiency of therapy, so, in order to do that, a therapist must continuously learn how to adjust its therapy methods to patient's characteristics. Using Information and Communication Technology in this area allowed collecting a lot of data regarding various aspects of treatment. These data can be used for a data mining process in order to find useful and usable patterns and models which help therapists to improve its specific education. Clustering, classification or association rules can provide unexpected information which help to complete therapist's knowledge and to adapt the therapy to patient's needs.
The ASA difficult airway algorithm: is it time to include video laryngoscopy and discourage blind and multiple intubation attempts in the nonemergency pathway?

including intubations conditions. The video-laryngoscope is one tool among the plethora of tools available for difficult intubation but assessment of its risk/benefit in the difficult intubation algorithm is still unclear. We disagree with van Zundert and Lee concerning the usefulness of bedside tests. Even if they are not highly specific in predicting difficult intubation, we believe they are essential and obligatory in order to reduce the likelihood of morbidity associated with difficult airway management. Yes, “we can’t change the physiognomy of a patient. ” But the “endless efforts assessing factors which may or may not predict a difficult tracheal intubation,” must be the first step in assessment of the airway for all patients.
Intralipid Infusion Diminishes Return of Spontaneous Circulation After Hypoxic Cardiac Arrest in Rabbits

BACKGROUND: Infusion of lipid emulsion has been shown to reverse lipophilic drug-induced cardiovascular collapse in laboratory models and humans. The effect of high dose lipid in nondrug-induced cardiac arrest is, however, uncertain. In a rabbit model of asphyxial pulseless electrical activity (PEA) we compared lipid augmented with standard advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) resuscitation. METHOD: Adult New Zealand White rabbits underwent hypoxic PEA via tracheal clamping. After 2 min of cardiac arrest, basic life support cardiopulmonary resuscitation was commenced and 3 mL/kg 20% Intralipid or 3 mL/kg 0.9% saline solution infused. Adrenaline (100 &mgr;g/kg) was administered at 4 and 5 min. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), hemodynamic metrics, and survival to 50 min were recorded. RESULTS: Seven of 11 saline-treated rabbits developed ROSC versus 1 of 12 Intralipid-treated animals; P = 0.009. No significant difference in survival to 50 min was observed (3/11 saline vs 0/12 Intralipid; P = 0.211). CONCLUSION: In this model of hypoxia-induced PEA, standard ACLS resulted in greater coronary perfusion pressure and increased ROSC compared with ACLS plus lipid infusion. Lipid emulsion may be contraindicated in cardiac arrest complicated by significant hypoxia.
Proprioceptive Function Is More Sensitive than Motor Function to Desflurane Anesthesia

BACKGROUND: Evaluating the effects of sub-immobilizing anesthetic doses on movement will identify target neural circuits for investigation as sites of action for anesthetic-induced immobility. METHODS: Eleven pithed Northern Leopard frogs received 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 times the 50% effective dose for production of immobility (ED50) of desflurane and a further 7 received 0 and 0.4 ED50 desflurane in random order. An electric stimulus applied to the forelimb elicited a hindlimb wiping reflex that was captured on video for later analysis. Isometric tension developed in the hindlimb during the 30 s stimulus application was measured. RESULTS: Compared to 0 ED50, 0.4 ED50 desflurane significantly increased latency to wipe 0.8 (0.1, 4.0) to 17.3 (0.4, 30.0) s (median [min max]), distance traveled by the hindfoot 0.42 (0.09, 1.82) to 0.89 (0.16, 4.82) m, and proximity of the hindfoot to stimulus 1 (0, 5) to 7 (1, 40) mm. It did not alter hindlimb maximum velocity or isometric tension but significantly reduced total hindlimb force 7.3 (1.7, 23.6) to 3.2 (1.4, 13.8) N. s proportionate to a reduced number of movements from 12 (3, 28) to 8 (2, 14). From 0.4 to 0.8 ED50, motor depressant effects of desflurane became apparent with significant reductions in maximum tension from 2.0 (0.6, 5.5) to 0.8 (0.1, 1.6) N and total force from 3.2 (1.4, 13.8) to 0.9 (0.0, 2.5) N.s. CONCLUSIONS: Proprioceptive function is more sensitive to anesthetic-induced depression than motor function in frogs. This suggests that the most anesthetic-sensitive component of the spinal neural circuitry underlying movement generation in response to noxious stimulus is prior to the level of the motoneuron.
Using a central venous pressure guidewire and suction catheter to facilitate oral to nasal tracheal tube change in a child with a difficult airway.

To the Editor:Oral to nasal tracheal tube change has been described using various techniques.1–3 We describe a simple and effective technique for oral to nasal tracheal tube change in a small child using a guidewire from a central venous pressure set and a suction catheter.A 1-yr-old, ASA Physical S
A P2P Based Architecture for Semantic Web Service Discovery

In SOA environments, as the number of published Web Services grows, the provision of a robust, scalable and efficient discovery service is still an unresolved issue. In this paper we present a P2P-based infrastructure that leverages the semantic technologies to support a scalable and accurate service discovery process. The key concept of the presented idea is the creation of an overlay network organized in several semantic groups of peers, each specialized in answering queries pertaining to specific applicative domains. Groups are formed by clustering together peers offering services that are semantically related. A semantic query routing mechanism ensures the delivery of queries to the groups that are semantically "worth" to respond. In this paper the architecture details of the proposed solution is presented. A system prototype has also been implemented and validated through a case study deployed on the PlanetLab testbed.
Increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome in patients with primary aldosteronism of the German Conn's Registry.

DESIGN Abnormalities in glucose homeostasis have been described in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) but most studies show inconsistent results. Therefore, we aimed to compare the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in newly diagnosed PA patients to a matched control cohort of the background population. METHODS In total, 305 PA patients of the prospective German Conn's Registry were compared to the population-based Study of Health In Pomerania (SHIP1; n=2454). A 1:1 match regarding sex, age, and BMI resulted in 269 matched pairs regarding type 2 diabetes and 183 matched pairs regarding MetS. Of the total, 153 PA patients underwent oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) at diagnosis and 38 PA patients were reevaluated at follow-up. RESULTS Type 2 diabetes and MetS were significantly more frequent in PA patients than in the control population (17.2% vs 10.4%, P=0.03; 56.8% vs 44.8%, P=0.02 respectively). Also, HbA1c levels were higher in PA patients than in controls (P<0.01). Of the total, 35.3% of non-diabetic PA patients showed an abnormal OGTT (¼ newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and ¾ impaired glucose tolerance). PA patients with an abnormal OGTT at baseline presented with significantly improved 2 h OGTT glucose (P=0.01) at follow-up. We detected a negative correlation between 2 h OGTT glucose levels and serum potassium (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes and MetS are more prevalent in patients with PA than in controls matched for sex, age, BMI, and blood pressure. This may explain in part the increased cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in PA patients.
Differences in performance indicators between winning and losing teams in the UEFA Champions League

Differences in performance indicators between winning and losing teams in the UEFA Champions League The aim of the present study was to identify performance indicators that discriminate winning teams from drawing and losing teams in the UEFA Champions League. All 288 matches played at the group stage in the 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010 seasons were analyzed. The game-related statistics gathered were: total shots, shots on goal, effectiveness, passes, successful passes, crosses, offsides committed and received, corners, ball possession, crosses against, fouls committed and received, corners against, yellow and red cards, venue, and quality of opposition. Data were analyzed performing a one-way ANOVA and a discriminant analysis. The results showed that winning teams had significantly higher average values that were for the following game statistics: total shots (p<0.01), shots on goal (p<0.01), effectiveness (p<0.01), passes (p<0.05), successful passes (p<0.05), and ball possession (p<0.05). Losing teams had significantly higher values in the variable yellow cards (p<0.01), and red cards (p<0.01). Discriminant analysis allowed to conclude the following: the variables that discriminate between winning, drawing and losing teams were the shots on goal, crosses, ball possession, venue and quality of opposition. Coaches and players should be aware of these different profiles in order to increase knowledge about game cognitive and motor solicitation and, therefore, to design and evaluate practices and competitions for soccer peak performance teams in a collective way.
Augmenting Bug Localization with Part-of-Speech and Invocation

Bug localization represents one of the most expensive, as well as time-consuming, activities during software maintenance and evolution. To alleviate the workload of developers, numerous methods have been proposed to automate this process and narrow down the scope of reviewing buggy files. In this paper, we present a novel buggy source-file localization approach, using the information from both the bug reports and the source files. We leverage the part-of-speech features of bug reports and the invocation relationship among source files. We also integrate an adaptive technique to further optimize the performance of the approach. The adaptive technique discriminates Top 1 and Top N recommendations for a given bug report and consists of two modules. One module is to maximize the accuracy of the first recommended file, and the other one aims at improving the accuracy of the fixed defect file list. We evaluate our approach on six large-scale open source projects, i.e. ASpectJ, Eclipse, SWT, Zxing, Birt and Tomcat. Compared to the previous work, empirical results show that our approach can improve the overall prediction performance in all of these cases. Particularly, in terms of the Top 1 recommendation accuracy, our approach achieves an enhancement from 22.73% to 39.86% for ASpectJ, from 24.36% to 30.76% for Eclipse, from 31.63% to 46.94% for SWT, from 40% to 55% for ZXing, from 7.97% to 21.99% for Birt, and from 33.37% to 38.90% for Tomcat.