Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Health Belief Model on Factors Influencing Long-Term Contraceptive Use

Background : Family planning is one of the strategies to reduce maternal mortality. Data in 2017 shows that in Indonesia, out of 37,338,265 couples of reproductive age there were 18.63% who did not do family planning. Women of reproductive age (WRA) who have not done family planning can affect reproductive health. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing long-term contraceptive method (LTCM) using health belief model theory. Subjects an d Met h od: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Sleman, Central Java, from March to April 2019. A sample of 220 women of reproductive age was selected by quota sampling. The dependent variable was LTCM use. The independent variables were perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, cues to action, self-efficacy, education, and culture. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results : Perceived severity (OR= 8.02; 95% CI= 2.62 to 24.51; p<0.001), perceived susceptibility (OR= 12.16; 95% CI= 3.65 to 40.42; p<0.001), perceived benefit (OR= 6.05; 95% CI= 2.10 to 17.40; p= 0.001), cues to action (OR= 6.98; 95% CI= 2.30 to 21.18; p= 0.001), self-efficacy (OR= 3.60; 95% CI= 1.23 to 10.52; p= 0.019), education (OR= 2.50; 95% CI= 1.40 to 10.41; p= 0.029), culture (OR= 6.65; 95% CI= 2.14 to 20.62; p= 0.001) increased long-term contraceptive use. Conclusions : Perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, cues to action, self-efficacy, education, culture increase long-term contraceptive use. Keywords : family planning, long-term contraceptive, health belief model Correspondence: Ayu Dhiah Pitaloka. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ayudhiahp@gmail.com. Mobile: +62812266896­2­­­­91 Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(1): 55-63 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019. 04.01. 06
Inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of early respiratory failure in the late preterm and early term newborn: Report of two cases

La falla en la transición de la circulación fetal a la neonatal puede ser causada por la persistencia de resistencias vasculares elevadas, lo que induce al síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar (HPPN) que ocurre en aproximadamente 2 de cada 1.000 recién nacidos. La HPPN severa se asocia con recién nacidos de término o cercanos al término, si bien puede verse en recién nacidos prematuros. El tratamiento estándar de oro es el óxido nítrico inhalado (ONi) en neonatos con falla respiratoria hipóxica e HPPN. En el Departamento de Neonatología del Hospital de Clínicas de Montevideo se utilizó un generador in situ de óxido nítrico-NO(TAS+plus®) portátil, capaz de producir continuamente el gas para ser entregado al recién nacido. Su bajo costo y accesibilidad han ampliado sus indicaciones en pacientes con asistencia ventilatoria mecánica (AVM), presión positiva continua en la vía aérea a través de cánula nasal (CPAP nasal) o bajo carpa cefálica. Presentamos dos pacientes con dificultad respiratoria, en los que una vez descartada cardiopatía congénita estructural y con evidencia ecocardiográfica de HPPN se administró ONi, concomitante al soporte respiratorio con CPAP nasal, con el objetivo de evitar la progresión de la enfermedad respiratoria y AVM. Dichos pacientes de 32 y 37 semanas, presentaron buena evolución de su dificultad respiratoria. La mejoría de la falla respiratoria hipóxica mediante la administración de ONi, sin necesidad de ventilación invasiva, fue posible, de bajo costo y fácil de aplicar a los pacientes, incorporando la utilización de un novel generador de ONi en la práctica clínica.
IK1 Channel Agonist Zacopride Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure via Alterations in Calcium Dyshomeostasis and Electrical Remodeling in Rats

Intracellular Ca2+ overload, prolongation of the action potential duration (APD), and downregulation of inward rectifier potassium (IK1) channel are hallmarks of electrical remodeling in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that enhancement of IK1 currents is a compensation for IK1 deficit and a novel modulation for cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis and pathological remodeling. In adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in vivo, cardiac hypertrophy was induced by isoproterenol (Iso) injection (i.p., 3 mg/kg/d) for 3, 10, and 30 days. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were isolated from 1 to 3 days SD rat pups and treated with 1 μmol/L Iso for 24 h in vitro. The effects of zacopride, a selective IK1/Kir2.1 channel agonist, on cardiac remodeling/hypertrophy were observed in the settings of 15 μg/kg in vivo and 1 μmol/L in vitro. After exposing to Iso for 3 days and 10 days, rat hearts showed distinct concentric hypertrophy and fibrosis and enhanced pumping function (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), then progressed to dilatation and dysfunction post 30 days. Compared with the age-matched control, cardiomyocytes exhibited higher cytosolic Ca2+ (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and lower SR Ca2+ content (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) all through 3, 10, and 30 days of Iso infusion. The expressions of Kir2.1 and SERCA2 were downregulated, while p-CaMKII, p-RyR2, and cleaved caspase-3 were upregulated. Iso-induced electrophysiological abnormalities were also manifested with resting potential (RP) depolarization (P < 0.01), APD prolongation (P < 0.01) in adult cardiomyocytes, and calcium overload in cultured NRVMs (P < 0.01). Zacopride treatment effectively retarded myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, preserved the expression of Kir2.1 and some key players in Ca2+ homeostasis, normalized the RP (P < 0.05), and abbreviated APD (P < 0.01), thus lowered cytosolic [Ca2 +]i (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). IK1channel blocker BaCl2 or chloroquine largely reversed the cardioprotection of zacopride. We conclude that cardiac electrical remodeling is concurrent with structural remodeling. By enhancing cardiac IK1, zacopride prevents Iso-induced electrical remodeling around intracellular Ca2+ overload, thereby attenuates cardiac structural disorder and dysfunction. Early electrical interventions may provide protection on cardiac remodeling.
Association of Serum PSA Levels with Histopathological Pattern of Prostate Lesions

Background: Pathological changes that mainly affect prostate gland are prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancerous lesions. Digital rectal examination (DRE), Transrectal Ultrasonography (TUS), and prostate specific antigen (PSA) followed by histopathological examination, are routinely used tests for diagnosis of prostate lesions. The aim of the present study is to determine the role of serum PSA levels in differentially diagnosing the different types of prostate lesions.Material and Methods: This retrospective (observational) study was conducted in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital Multan. Data of 2189 patients who were operated from 2007 to 2017 due to prostatic lesions were included in this analysis. Patients with BPH, prostatitis, prostate carcinoma and Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) were grouped according to serum PSA levels (ranging from 0 to >100 ng/ml) into five groups. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for different histopathological findings. Association of PSA levels with different histological patterns was determined with chi-square test with P-value < 0.05 taken as significant difference.Results: Mean age of patients was 62.45+10.64 years. On histopathology, BPH was diagnosed in 1676 (76.56%) patients, prostatitis in 133 (6.07%), carcinoma in 378 (17.26%) and PIN in 02 (0.09%) patients, respectively. Serum PSA levels of 4.01-10 ng/ml were found in 1050 (62.64%) BPH patients and in 59 (44.36%) prostatitis patients. Serum PSA levels of 10.01-20 ng/ml were found in only 40 (2.4%) BPH patients, 47 (35.33%) prostatitis patients, 22 (5.82%) carcinoma patients and in 1 (50.0%) PIN patient. Serum PSA levels of 20.01-100 ng/ml were found in 32 (1.9%) BPH patients, 11 (8.27%) prostatitis patients, 302 (79.89%) carcinoma patients, and in 1 (50.0%) PIN patient. Serum PSA levels of >100 ng/ml were absent in patients with BPH and PIN, and present in 1 (0.75%) prostatitis and 54 (14.28%) carcinoma patients.Conclusion: Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest lesion in our patients (76.56%) with serum PSA levels >10 ng/ml reported in all patients with prostate carcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) patients.
The Utility of Near-Infrared Fluorescence and Indocyanine Green During Robotic Pulmonary Resection

During minimally invasive pulmonary resection, it is often difficult to localize pulmonary nodules that are small (<2 cm), low-density/subsolid on imaging, or deep to the visceral pleura. The use of near-infrared fluorescence (NIF) imaging for localizing pulmonary nodules using indocyanine green (ICG) contrast is an emerging technology that is increasingly utilized during pulmonary resection. When administered via electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB), ICG can accurately localize pulmonary nodules. When injected intravenously (IV), ICG can also help delineate the intersegmental plane. Research is ongoing regarding the utility of ICG for identification of the sentinel lymph node in lung cancer.
Raltegravir Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis In Vitro and In Vivo

Raltegravir, an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase, has been used to treat HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; however, its therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis have not been investigated. In this study, the in vitro effects of raltegravir (RAV) on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced pulmonary fibrosis on L929 mouse fibroblasts were investigated. In addition, the effects of RAV on an in vivo pulmonary fibrosis model induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin were investigated. The proliferation of L929 cells was inhibited after RAV treatment. Meanwhile, the in vitro and in vivo protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2, phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p-NF-κB), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), collagens I and III was reduced relative to TGF-β1 or the bleomycin group. Raltegravir ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the pathology score, collagen deposition, and expression of α-smooth muscle actin, NLRP3, HMGB1, TLR4, inhibitor of kappa B, p-NF-κB, HIF-1α, collagen I, and collagen III. The results of this study demonstrate that RAV attenuated experimental attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 activation.
Hypoxia and the Malignant Glioma Microenvironment: Regulation and Implications for Therapy

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) tumors are the most common type of brain tumors. These tumors are in general very malignant and can be characterized as rapidly progressive astrocytomas. The pathological characteristics of these tumors are exemplified by an active invasiveness, necrosis and a specialized form of angiogenesis, known as microvascular hyperplasia. These pathological features are thought to be due to tissue hypoxia. Cells that are under hypoxic stress can either develop an adaptive response that includes increasing the rate of glycolysis and angiogenesis or undergo cell death by promoting apoptosis and/or necrosis. The ability of tumor cells to maintain a balance between an adaptation to hypoxia and cell death is regulated by a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducing factors (HIF), which are essential for the regulation of the expression of a large number of hypoxia-responsive genes. The hypothesis that tumor hypoxia would facilitate the likelihood of metastases, tumor recurrence, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and the invasive potential; all of which culminate in a decrease in patient survival. In this review we will summarize the role of hypoxia in GBM with regard to drug therapy and toxicity and attempt to describe the possible interactions between hypoxia and apoptosis.
Disorganized/disoriented attachment in the etiology of the dissociative disorders.

It has been suggested that multiple personality disorder (MPD) may be seen as an attachment disorder related to the process of detachment (Barach, 1991). To think in terms of disorganized/disoriented (D) attachment seems a better way of conceptualizing not only MPD, but also all the dissociative disorders in relation to difficulties experienced in early attachment relationships. This paper reviews recent findings concerning D (disorganized/disoriented) attachment in infants and its correlates in unresolved parental traumas (quite often, losses through death of significant others). It is proposed that D attachment in infancy may lead to increased vulnerability to dissociative disorders via a linking mechanism proposed by Main and Hesse (1990, 1992): parental frightened and/or frightening behavior. Mothers of dissociative patients were reported much more often than mothers of other psychiatric patients to have suffered the loss through death of a significant other in the two years before—two years after the patient’s birth. This finding supports the hypothesis that many dissociative patients may have been infants attached in a disorganized/disoriented way to at least one attachment figure. 1 Giovanni Liotti, M.D., practices psychiatry and cognitive psychotherapy in Rome, Italy. He is President of the Italian Association for the Research on the Psychopathology of the Attachment System (A.R.P.A.S.) . For reprints write to Giovanni Liotti, M.D., A.R. P.A. S. , Piazza Tuscolo 5 00183 Roma, Italy
Optimization of the operating room session planning within Dr. Horacio E. Oduber hospital

According to Andringa (2018) the OR session planning within Dr. Horacio E. Oduber hospital (HOH) is suboptimal. A consequence is that there is a peak in bed demand on certain days in the surgical nursing wards. A data analysis, which is part of this research, shows for both surgical nursing wards (surgical 3 and B4) a peak in bed demand at the beginning of the week and an off-peak load during the weekend. This research was carried out within the specialism general surgery to analyze whether it is possible to optimize the OR session planning such that there is a better distribution of bed occupation during the week. We thereby arrive at the following research objective: To derive recommendations for optimizing the OR session planning within HOH such that the peaks in bed demand in the surgical nursing wards can be decreased.
General Psychopathology in Children : Epidemiological Studies of Biological Mechanisms

Co-occurrence of mental disorders is widespread and studies have identified a general psychopathology factor reflecting vulnerability to experience a range of psychiatric problems. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of child psychiatric symptoms, such as emotional, aggression and attention problems, remain unclear. The main question of this dissertation was: which biological factors are associated with child psychopathology in general and which biological factors are specific to certain psychopathology domains? First, we investigated the genetics of general psychopathology by estimating the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability of a general psychopathology factor and by performing a genome-wide association study of total psychiatric problems in school-aged children. We found that the general psychopathology factor appears to be partly heritable and identified specific loci associated with general psychopathology. On a neural level, we investigated white matter microstructure. We observed that more white matter integrity across the brain was associated with lower levels of general psychopathology. At the same time, more white matter integrity across the brain was associated with higher levels of specific externalizing levels, after controlling for general psychopathology. Furthermore, higher levels of general psychopathology in childhood were predictive of psychiatric problems in adulthood and worse school performance. Additionally, we studied epigenetic mechanisms and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We observed that DNA methylation levels at birth were associated with ADHD symptoms in childhood. Interestingly, DNA methylation levels during school-age were less robustly associated with ADHD symptoms. We also found that parents who had their children at an older age had children with fewer behavioral problems compared to younger parents. Finally, we studied cortisol, a stress hormone related to psychiatric symptoms. We observed a low SNP heritability of acute cortisol levels. As cortisol levels are very dynamic, genetics may only explain little if an acute measurement is used. A more stable, and therefore potentially more genetically determined, measure of cortisol are hair samples. However, we observed that hair cortisol levels are higher in darker hair independent of ethnicity. This hair pigmentation bias needs to be taken into account in studies of multi-ethnic populations. In summary, this thesis suggests that the co-occurrence of psychiatric symptoms in children can partly be explained by genetic factors and is related to global white matter microstructure in the brain.
Immunological characterization of Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells and generation of HLA-C7- Strep Tamers for adoptive T cell therapy

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) establishes a life-long latent infection and is still a major source of morbidity after transplantation. In this thesis we report the characterization of HLA-C*0702/IE-1309-317-specific T cells and the generation of reversible HLA-C7-StrepTamers, suitable for the ex vivo isolation of T cells and usage in adoptive T cell therapy. In addition, we analyzed the risk factors predisposing for CMV-infection and identified a correlation of cold ischemic time and primary CMV-infection after kidney transplantation.
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Secondary to Rheumatological Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a life-threatening condition and multiple conditions have been associated with this entity. This study aims to further investigate and characterize the association of the underlying rheumatological disease with SCAD. A comprehensive literature search on four databases was performed using different Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and all articles on SCAD in association with rheumatological diseases were identified. The analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), v22 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY). Ten articles of SCAD secondary to rheumatological reasons were identified. The majority of presentations were associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Most patients presented with a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) involving the left main coronary vessel. The majority of them were successfully managed with stenting. Mortality was less than 20% with prompt identification and management of the SCAD. SLE was the most commonly reported rheumatological condition associated with SCAD. Prompt diagnosis and management of SCAD in such patients can be life-saving.
Prevalence Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci Among Apparently Healthy Students Attending A Tertiary Institution In Benin City, Nigeria

The rise in prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococci implicated in clinical infections worldwide continues to elicit interest in nasal colonization rates for these resistant strains. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) among apparently healthy students of a tertiary institution in Benin City, Nigeria. A total of 350 students were recruited for the study and nasal swabs were collected alongside demographic data. These swabs were processed microbiologically using standard techniques to recover staphylococci. Antimicrobial susceptibility and methicillin-resistance was determined using a phenotypic method (cefoxitin resistance). A total of 148 (42.3%) of 350 students were culture positive for S. aureus, while 72 (20.6%) were positive for CoNS. Students from Faculty of Dentistry showed the highest prevalence of nasal MRSA (40.0%) and MRCoNS (20.0%). Ofloxacin and gentamicin were the most active antibacterial agents against MRSA with 89.1% and 87.3% respectively been susceptible, while gentamicin was the most active antibiotic against MRCoNS (75.0%). Nasal colonization by MRSA and MRCoNS was unaffected by area of residence and gender (P > 0.05). The nasal carriage rate of MRSA and MRCoNS was 37.2% and 33.3% respectively. The study recommends periodic review of nasal colonization rates among apparently healthy subjects. Regulated use of antimicrobial agents is imperative in order to stem the tide of resistance.
Imaging diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction with acquired portosystemic shunt in a cat

A 2-year-old, spayed female, Korean domestic short-hair cat was presented with depression and vomiting. The patient had history of weight loss lasting seven months. Physical examination revealed icterus in the pinna, oral mucosa, and sclera. Based on ultrasonography and computed tomography, tentative diagnosis was extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction with acquired portosystemic shunt (PSS). Tumor or inflammation of hepatobiliary system was suspected as the cause of obstruction of the common bile duct. But it could not be determined without biopsy. The severely dilated cystic duct was considered to cause portal hypertension and secondary multiple PSS. The patient expired without histopathologic examination.
Efecto del ácido 3-cafeoilquínico en el volumen de infarto cerebral y en marcadores plasmáticos de estrés oxidativo en un modelo en animal experimental: desarrollo de un modelo para el estudio del estrés oxidativo en tejido cerebral infartado

Es conocido el efecto de alimentos con compuestos bioactivos con capacidad antioxidante, como los compuestos fenolicos, sobre la prevencion de enfermedades como la aterosclerosis o el infarto. Por ello, el objetivo de esta tesis doctoral fue conocer el efecto del tratamiento con acido 3-cafeoilquinico, sobre el infarto cerebral en animales de experimentacion y sobre biomarcadores plasmaticos de estres oxidativo. Los resultados muestran un efecto preventivo del acido 3-cafeolquinico sobre el infarto cerebral en ratas a las que se les provoco un ictus isquemico, acompanado de una disminucion del biomarcador de peroxidacion lipidica plasmatico. Ademas, el diseno de un modelo de coordenadas del tejido cerebral permitira evaluar el tejido infartado sin necesidad de someterlo a tinciones que interfieren con su estudio.