Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelamiento de la gestión de residuos en la cadena de suministro de bioetanol , enfoque con dinámica de sistemas

This paper presents a model and simulations, which was built with a System Dynamics methodology applied to waste management in the bioethanol supply chain in Colombia. The stages of the supply chain used were cane planting, production and the distribution process. The residues taken into account were bagasse and vinasse. Moreover, four simulation scenarios were performed in which the values of variables modified management strategies. The installed bioethanol production capacity was increased to observe the evolution of increased waste generation evaluated. The initial conditions for the simulation were modified to represent a production of about 2,500,000 liters / day. This leads to an increased generation of vinasse of over 400 million liters on average in a month and around more than 1 million tones of bagasse. The results are used to estimate the impact of management strategies on the amount of waste generated in the production of bioethanol.
Current limiting performance of 9 kVA superconducting transformers

The second-generation superconducting tapes with high resistivity in the resistive state allow us to build superconducting transformers with the short-circuit limiting feature. A few 9 kVA single-phase transformers with superconducting and conventional copper windings were designed and fabricated for comparison. In this paper, current limiting performance of these transformers in fault conditions was investigated and discussed. Streszczenie. Taśmy nadprzewodnikowe drugiej generacji o wysokiej rezystywności w stanie rezystywnym pozwalają budowac transformatory z funkcją ograniczania prądu. Zaprojektowano i wykonano kilka jednofazowych transformatorow o mocy 9 kVA z uzwojeniami nadprzewodnikowymi i konwencjonalnymi miedzianymi w celu porownania ich wlaściwości. W tym artykule omowiono skutecznośc ograniczania prądu przez te transformatory w warunkach zwarcia. (Skutecznośc ograniczania prądu transformatorow nadprzewodnikowych 9 kVA).
"Spray-as-you-go" medical technique for awake intubation using a combination of an epidural catheter and the OptiScope in a patient with Ludwig's angina - A case report -

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright c the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists, 2018 “Spray-as-you-go” medical technique for awake intubation using a combination of an epidural catheter and the OptiScope in a patient with Ludwig’s angina A case report Da Jeong Nam, Joung Goo Cho, Sang Hwa Kang, and Soojeong Kang Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Received December 14, 2017 Revised 1st, January 31, 2018 2nd, February 1, 2018 Accepted February 2, 2018
The relationship between virtual and real image of tourism operators.

The wide diffusion of the Internet and of the new technologies in communication and business has dramatically changed the way we live. This change has an important influence in many fields of activity and especially for the tourism sector, considered to be one of the most successful areas on the Web. The influence of the Internet is so high that there is a direct relationship between the appreciation of the virtual online presence for an operator and its image in the “real” world.
Conjugated linoleic acid content in milk of Chilean Black Friesian cows under pasture conditions and supplemented with canola seed (Brassica napus) concentrate

At present, there is limited and contradictory information about the effects of the use of canola (Brassica napus) seed as supplement on the contents of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk of grazing cows. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary supplement with canola seed on the production and composition of milk, and CLA concentration in Chilean Black Friesian cows under pasture conditions. Three experiments were done. Experiment 1: control group was fed 5 kg d-1 of commercial concentrate without canola (0-TC1) and treatment group that was fed 3.75 kg of commercial concentrate plus 1.16 kg of whole canola seed (1.16-TC1). Experiment 2: Control group was fed 8 kg d-1 commercial concentrate without canola (0-TC2) and treatment group that was fed 6.2 kg of commercial concentrate plus 1.2 kg of ground canola seed (1.2-TC2). Experiment 3: control group was fed 6 kg d-1 commercial concentrate without canola (0-TC3) and treatment group was fed 6 kg of commercial concentrate with 20% of whole canola seed (1.2 kg d-1, 1.2-TC3). The duration of each experiment was 60 days. No differences in milk production and quality were observed among the experimental groups in every assay. The CLA isomers trans-10, cis-12 and cis-10, cis-12 were higher than those normally found in the scientific literature. There was no effect of the inclusion of canola seed on total CLA content or the content of cis-9, trans-11, trans-10, cis-12 and cis-10, cis-12 isomers.
Cointegration, Causality and Fisher Effect in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis (1970-2011)

This paper empirically investigates the existence of fisher effect in Nigeria. Specifically, it seeks to: examine the relationship between expected inflation and nominal interest rate in Nigeria; and also determine the nature and direction of causality between expected inflation and nominal interest rate in Nigeria. Employing Cointegration, Granger causality and error correction techniques and using data spanning the period of 1970-2011, the results indicate the existence of long run partial fisher effect in Nigeria. Specifically, there exists a long run positive and significant relationship between inflation and interest rate in Nigeria. Furthermore, there exists a unidirectional causality running from inflation to interest rate in Nigeria. The paper recommends amongst others that, given the crucial role of interest rate in determining savings and investment which are necessary for economic growth and development, policy makers and relevant monetary authorities should employ measures that will prevent inflation rate from rising to alarming heights in order to ensure that interest rates are maintained at reasonably low levels in Nigeria. Keywords: Cointegration, Causality, Inflation, nominal interest rate Fisher Effect
Priming Effect as a Result of the Nonconscious Activity of Consciousness

The article focuses on the priming effect and reports on experimental studies comparing the degree of influence of previously consciously perceived and previously nonconsciously perceived information on conscious perception. The influence of different types of priming on the perception of an ambiguous figure (Rubin's figure) is investigated. The study indicates that conscious visual perception in the experimental situations that were created was a result of a nonconscious decision to consciously perceive. A comparative analysis of the results of the experiments shows that previously consciously perceived prime stimuli exert a stronger influence on the effects of the conscious perception of an ambiguous figure.
The Effect of the Removal of Energy Subsidies in the Competitiveness of Iranian Steel Industries

The implementation of economic projects by targeting the subsidies can have a great effect on the cost competitiveness of the industries and their products. The global steel industry has been considered as a basic key industry in the industrialized countries. It is also among the industries that may be seriously affected by the enforcement of subsidies. This industry, requiring energy and high-tech, demands the capital. Accordingly, the energy input prices affect the cost of production and sales offers. The prime cost is one of the determinants of an industry's competitiveness in the market. The study employed the law enforcement approach to the competitiveness of the industry during the 2007-2012 and combined data (panel data) to estimate the competitive capacity. The results showed that the effect of targeted energy subsidies on the competitiveness of this industry energy has fallen over time.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper(II) Complexes with Tetraazadiphenol Macrocyclic Ligand Having Cyclohexane Rings

E-mail: kmpark@gnu.ac. krReceived September 17, 2012, Accepted October 2, 2012Key Words : Tetraazadiphnolic macrocycle, Dinuclear complex, Macrocyclic cupper(II) complex, CrystalstructureOver the years the design and construction of compart-ment ligands has become a fascinating investigation field ofcoordination chemistry since metal complexes of theseligands have been used for the generation of compoundswith specific spectroscopic and magnetic properties and thusof interesting potential applications.
Microborings from shallow marine habitats on both sides of the Panama Isthmus

Microborings in shells and shell fragments on Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Panama were ana lyzed and compared. Both coasts show considerable diversity of microboring morphotypes. The occupation by euendoliths within each sample is more uniform in shells of the Pacific then of the Caribbean coast, thus representing a lower overall diversity. The environmental characteristics of the water bodies along the two coasts of Panama are reviewed and discussed as possible causes of the differences observed. The finding is consistent with higher nutrient availability on the Pacific side of the Panama Isthmus associated with more extensive current exchange, including seasonal upwellings, than on the oligotrophic, warm water coast of the more enclosed Caribbean Sea. Three new morphotypes of microborings were found only on the Caribbean coast and one on the Pacific coast, possibly reflecting regional distinction of the euendolithic microflora. The implications of the observed in this modern setting for the fossil occurrences of microborings are discussed.
A three-dimensional exact state-space solution for cylindrical bending of continuously non-homogenous piezoelectric laminated plates with arbitrary gradient composition

Most of exact solutions reported for the analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) plates are based on the assumption, that the graded plate consists of a number of layers, where the material properties within each layer are invariant. The limited works that consider the continuous variation of electro-mechanical properties are restricted to FGP materials with the exponent-law dependence on the thickness-coordinate. In the present paper, a three-dimensional (3D) exact solution is presented for cylindrical bending of the FGP laminated plates based on the state space formalism. In contrast to the other reported solutions which are restricted to FGP materials with the exponent-law dependence on the thickness-coordinate, the present exact solution considers materials with arbitrary compositional gradient. Moreover, no assumption on displacement components and the electric potential along the thickness direction of FGP layers is introduced. Regardless of the number of layers, equations of motion, charge equation, and the boundary and interface conditions are satisfied exactly. The obtained exact solution can be used to assess the accuracy of different FGP laminated plate theories and/or for validating finite element codes.
Asymptotic distribution of nodal intersections for arithmetic random waves

We study the nodal intersections number of random Gaussian toral Laplace eigenfunctions (‘arithmetic random waves’) against a fixed smooth reference curve. The expected intersection number is proportional to the the square root of the eigenvalue times the length of curve, independent of its geometry. The asymptotic behaviour of the variance was addressed by Rudnick–Wigman; they found a precise asymptotic law for ‘generic’ curves with nowhere vanishing curvature, depending on both its geometry and the angular distribution of lattice points lying on circles corresponding to the Laplace eigenvalue. They also discovered that there exist peculiar ‘static’ curves, with variance of smaller order of magnitude, though did not prescribe what the true asymptotic behaviour is in this case. In this paper we study the finer aspects of the limit distribution of the nodal intersections number. For ‘generic’ curves we prove the central limit theorem (at least, for ‘most’ of the energies). For the aforementioned static curves we establish a non-Gaussian limit theorem for the distribution of nodal intersections, and on the way find the true asymptotic behaviour of their fluctuations, under the well-separatedness assumption on the corresponding lattice points, satisfied by most of the eigenvalues.
The hyper-Dirichlet process and its discrete approximations : The butterfly model

The aim of this paper is the study of some random probability distributions, called hyper-Dirichlet processes. In the simplest situation considered in the paper these distributions charge the product of three sample spaces, with the property that the first and the last component are independent conditional to the middle one. The law of the marginals on the first two and on the last two components are specified to be Dirichlet processes with the same marginal parameter measure on the common second component. The joint law is then obtained as the hyper-Markov combination, introduced in [A.P. Dawid, S.L. Lauritzen, Hyper-Markov laws in the statistical analysis of decomposable graphical models, Ann. Statist. 21 (3) (1993) 1272–1317], of these two Dirichlet processes. The processes constructed in this way in fact are in fact generalizations of the hyper-Dirichlet laws on contingency tables considered in the above paper. Our main result is the convergence to the hyper-Dirichlet process of the sequence of hyper-Dirichlet laws associated to finer and finer “discretizations” of the two parameter measures, which is proved by means of a suitable coupling construction. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AMS 1991 subject classification: 60G57; 62G99; 62F15; 60F99
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in KiSS1 gene and its association with semen quality in Bos taurus and Bos indicus bulls

Selection of high fertile bulls with the help of marker assisted selection has gained importance in recent years. The low heritability of fertility traits hampers improvement of these traits by conventional selection based on phenotypic records. No information is available on the role of SNPs in KiSS1 gene in cattle on semen quality parameters in bovines. KiSS1 genes code for Kisspeptin, which are essential upstream regulators of neurons secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone and play crucial role in reproduction.The coding regions along with exon-intron boundaries of KiSS1 gene, was characterized using PCR-SSCP method and direct sequencing. Two genotypes were observed which were represented as SSCP pattern 1 and pattern 2 and found to carry one SNPs (T153C) and one insertion of G at 291_292bp. The bulls with pattern 2 were heterozygous with respect to the transition T153C and pattern1 bulls were homozygous with TT genotype. The transition was predicted to cause amino acid change from Valine to Alanine. The frequency of bulls with pattern1 and pattern 2 were 0.67 and 0.33 in 67 Holstein Friesian bulls and 0.73 and 0.27 in 13 Khillari bulls. The association study of genotypes with semen quality parameters revealed significant association of genotypes with acrosome integrity in fresh semen (P<0.05) and no association with sperm concentration, volume per ejaculate, percent live sperm and Hypo Osmotic Swelling Test (HOST) with higher acrosome integrity in bulls with pattern2. Upon validation of the results in larger population and identifying the exact role of the novel SNP T153C and insertion of G at 291_292bp, they could be incorporated in selection programme for improving fertility in bulls.as markers for acrosome integrity in cattle.
Building a Hybrid Experimental Platform for Mobile Botnet Research

Mobile botnets are an emerging security threat that aims at exploiting the wide penetration of mobile devices and systems and their vulnerabilities in the same spirit of traditional botnets. Mobile botmasters take advantage of infected mobile devices and issue command and control operations on them to extract personal information, cause denial of service or gain financially. To date, research on countering such attacks or studying their effects has been conducted in a sporadic manner that hinders the repetition of experiments and thus limits their validity. We present here our work on a hybrid experimental platform for mobile botnets that supports the execution and monitoring of related scenarios concerning their infection, attack vectors, propagation, etc. The platform is based on principles of flexibility, extensibility and facilitates the setup of scalable experiments utilising both real and emulated mobile systems. We also discuss a novel method of estimating the active bot population in a botnet and illustrate its deployment on the experimental platform.
Culinary tourism: An exploratory reading of contemporary representations of cooking

In Levi‐Straussian terms cooking marks the “transition between nature and culture”. Yet the study of cookbooks as placed cultural artefacts is largely neglected by consumer researchers. This essay seeks to address this oversight, setting out to explore the potential contribution of a turn to cookbooks for enriching our understanding of the character of contemporary consumer culture. It weaves a line of argument that asserts the value of treating cookbooks as cultural products, as objectifications of culinary culture, as constructed social forms which are amenable to textual analysis. In this respect it declares that, rather than simply being understood as reflections of contemporary consumer culture, cookbooks should be understood as artefacts of cultural life in the making. That is, cookbooks contain not only recipes but inscribed cultural tales which can be understood as productive of the culinary culture that they pretend only to display, and performative in their attempt to do things with us. We reveal cookbooks to be sites of aestheticised consumption.
India’s Growth Trajectory and Its Dynamics with International Monetary Fund Reforms

Since the Breton Woods and the emergence of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1947, developed countries had an upper hand in the dynamics of international financial management. The IMF has claimed to add insights about the developing and under-developed countries development. All over the world, the growth trajectory of the developing nations has been affected by the policies and procedures of the IMF. India got independence in the year 1947 and became an IMF signatory in the year 1945. Since then, India has been involved in the economic management on the parameters of the IMF. The growth story of India is a mixed response yet a success story until now. The recent phase of opening up the economy that started in 1991 has had a great impact on the growth trajectory of Indian economy. The present study aims to study the growth pattern of India and the economic reforms pushed by the IMF. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Current Account are considered as two variables for the study. Moreover, identification of structural breaks for Indian economy is performed with the use of econometric techniques.
Optimized coral reconstructions of the Indian Ocean Dipole: An assessment of location and length considerations

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD; or Indian Ocean Zonal Mode) is a coupled ocean-atmosphere climate oscillation that has profound impacts on rainfall distribution across the Indian Ocean region. Instrumental records provide a reliable representation of IOD behavior since 1958, while coral reconstructions currently extend the IOD history back to 1846. Large fluctuations in the number and intensity of positive IOD events over time are evident in these records, but it is unclear to what extent this represents multidecadal modulation of the IOD or an anthropogenically forced change in IOD behavior. In this study we explore the suitability of coral records from single-site locations in the equatorial Indian Ocean for capturing information about the occurrence and magnitude of positive IOD (pIOD) events. We find that the optimum location for coral reconstructions of the IOD occurs in the southeastern equatorial Indian Ocean, along the coast of Java and Sumatra between ~3 and 7°S. Here the strong ocean cooling and atmospheric drying during pIOD events are unambiguously recorded in coral oxygen isotope records, which capture up to 50% of IOD variance. Unforced experiments with coupled climate models suggest that potential biases in coral estimates of pIOD frequency are skewed toward overestimating pIOD recurrence intervals and become larger with shorter reconstruction windows and longer pIOD recurrence times. Model output also supports the assumption of stationarity in sea surface temperature relationships in the optimum IOD location that is necessary for paleoclimate reconstructions. This study provides a targeted framework for the future generation of paleoclimate records, including optimized coral reconstructions of past IOD variability.
Bacterial Diversity in Wheat Rhizosphere and their Characterization

The agriculture and agri-food sector is expected to move towards environmentally sustainable development, while increasing its productivity and simultaneously protecting the natural resource base for future generations. In view of its global significance in agriculture production and human health, wheat agroecosystem has been studied extensively from the viewpoint of bacterial diversity across various regions of the world. The race for producing more wheat by adopting intensive agronomic practices and applying more fertilizers is thought to have more adverse effects on the diversity of bacteria in the wheat fields. The global interest has been shifted towards beneficial microrganisms in bulk soil and rhizosphere in natural agroecosystems contributing soil health and plant productivity can be exploted as bioinoculants to increase more crop productivity. In the present study a gradual increase in population count (log10 cfu) of bacteria from 0d (6.83± 0.25) to 90d (8.50± 0.82) was observed and thereafter population started declining. Bacillus was documented to be dominant population of zero day (71.42%). It constituted the dominant microflora of rhizosphere (37.5%) and in rhizoplane (49%) of 30d crop. Pseudomonas was the most dominant population (29.09%) of rhizosphere (62.5%) and in rhizoplane (40%) of 90d crop. All isolates recovered from 30d, 60d and 120d rhizoplane exhibited siderophore production. Maximum P-solubilizers were recovered from 60d rhizospheric samples. These isolates showed potency to be exploited as bioinoculants.