Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Political Instability on Tourism Planning and Development: The Case of Lebanon

Tourism is one of the world's largest and fastest growing industries, and tourism planning is regarded as a prerequisite for success. ‘Political instability’ is a complex term, open to various interpretations, which applies to a number of countries worldwide. The implications for tourism of political instability are significant. This paper investigates tourism planning and the effects of political instability in Lebanon, and discusses how countries in such a situation can increase their potential for successful tourism development. A possible solution through the use and practice of crisis management is suggested, as this approach may help to prepare nations better for unexpected instability and the uncertainty of the future.
Clinical and genetic aspects of differential diagnostics of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer

Lynch syndrome was synonymous with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer for a long time, however, mapping of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes has led to distinguish Lynch syndrome as an independent syndromic unit from a number of Lynch-like syndromes that phenotypically mimic with the most frequent hereditary variant of colon cancer but genetically representing quite a heterogeneous group. This article presents up to date clinical and genetic characteristics of Lynch syndrome and Lynch-like conditions.
Le carcinome intracanalaire de la prostate : indication potentielle pour la radiothérapie adjuvante

iii Table des matières. v Liste des tableaux . viii Liste des figures . ix Liste des abréviations françaises du mémoire . x Liste des abréviations anglaises de l’article . xi Dédicace . xii Remerciements . xiii
A unified theory of engineering design

A Unified Theory of Engineering Design. (December 2005) Scott Patrick Dyas, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Thomas R. Lalk A theoretical model of design, that is universal and has a scientific basis, was developed. By doing so, it is believed that the practice of engineering design can be significantly improved. A better system of modeling designs is the missing ingredient that needs to be developed in order to improve the practice of design in the manner suggested above. Existing methodologies were reviewed to examine the current state of engineering design. This helped in developing a set of requirements for a new methodology. The potential for a scientific methodology to improve the practice of engineering design is also discussed. Developing a scientific theory of design, and showing that it meets these requirements was done to satisfy the objective. The theory takes the form of a conceptual model of design, which relates important aspects of the problem and the solution to facilitate a truly top-down hierarchical approach. A few examples are given to show how the methodology can be applied to real world design problems. As a result, a theoretical framework for design was created as a part of this research project. The new methodology, termed UTED (Unified Theory of Engineering Design), addresses many important aspects of design which are overlooked by other methodologies. A set of rules was developed, to guide the designer through the design, and allow a more scientific process to be used. Making design more scientific increases the likelihood of achieving a successful design. The primary conclusions are that the development of a scientific theory of design can be created that makes design processes faster and more efficient, and improves the quality of designs produced, meaning there is a strong potential for such a methodology to have a positive impact on the field of engineering design.
Comparing the Diagnostic Outcomes of Staining Various Breast Lesions with Either Anti-CK 5/6 or Anti-CK 5

Background and Objective: Anti-CK5/6 monoclonal antibodies have an established role in breast disease diagnosis. Anti-CK5 monoclonal antibodies have recently become commercially available. There has been growing interest in the staining characteristics of anti-CK5 and its potential diagnostic role in place of anti-CK5/6. We aim to compare and contrast the staining characteristics of anti-CK5/6 vs anti-CK5. Material and Methods: 58 tissue blocks containing 122 different lesions were selected from tissue archives. Two specimens (groups) were taken from each lesion One (group) was stained with anti-CK5 and the other (group) with anti-CK5/6 monoclonal antibodies, using the Streptavidin-biotin immuno-peroxidase method. The two groups of slides were compared and contrasted for lesion staining pattern and for intensity, using light microscopy. Results: Results showed that the diagnostic staining pattern was exactly the same in both anti-CK5 and anti-CK5/6 groups, and also showed that anti-CK5, stained most of the lesions more intensely than anti-CK5/6. Conclusion: Anti-CK5 performed at least as well (for lesion-pattern staining), and better (for lesion staining intensity) than did anti-CK5/6 in the diagnosis of a wide range of breast tissues and lesions. It may be justified to safely replace anti-CK5/6 with anti-CK5 in future routine clinical use, with resultant diagnostic and economic benefits.
Chemotherapy-Related Encephalopathy With Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus in a Child With Osteosarcoma: A Case Report With a Review of Literature

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary cancer of the bones, and a combination of primary chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy is its current treatment. In adults, some authors have reported problems with memory and concentration following chemotherapy, but in children, severe neurologic dysfunction has been rarely reported. This report describes a 13-year-old patient with primary high-grade nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the tibia who developed encephalopathy with super-refractory status epilepticus related to chemotherapy. He received methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatin (CDDP)-containing polychemotherapy, and after the first course of drug administration, he developed fever, confusion, a state of psychomotor agitation, and super-refractory status epilepticus with normal laboratory and imaging findings. The causal relationship between the administration of the first polychemotherapy course and his neurological manifestations may be supported by the evaluation and exclusion of other causes. The administration of antiepileptic drugs and off-label atypical antipsychotics was necessary to treat his neurological complications and behavioral changes. This patient represents the first known example of super-refractory status epilepticus in a child treated with MTX and CDDP-containing chemotherapy. Physicians should be aware that encephalopathy and seizures are possible consequences of CDDP therapy when administered alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Further studies are needed to better define this relationship in children.
Remicade® (infliximab): 20 years of contributions to science and medicine

Abstract On August 24, 1998, Remicade® (infliximab), the first tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) inhibitor, received its initial marketing approval from the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Subsequently, Remicade was approved in another five adult and two pediatric indications both in the USA and across the globe. In the 20 years since this first approval, Remicade has made several important contributions to the advancement of science and medicine: 1) clinical trials with Remicade established the proof of concept that targeted therapy can be effective in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases; 2) as the first monoclonal antibody approved for use in a chronic condition, Remicade helped in identifying methods of administering large, foreign proteins repeatedly while limiting the body’s immune response to them; 3) the need to establish Remicade’s safety profile required developing new methods and setting new standards for postmarketing safety studies, specifically in the real-world setting, in terms of approach, size, and duration of follow-up; 4) the study of Remicade has improved our understanding of TNF’s role in the immune system, as well as our understanding of the pathophysiology of a range of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation; and 5) Remicade and other TNF inhibitors have transformed treatment practices in these chronic inflammatory diseases: remission has become a realistic goal of therapy and long-term disability resulting from structural damage can be prevented. This paper reviews how, over the course of its development and 20 years of use in clinical practice, Remicade was able to make these contributions.
A Scenario-Based Method for System Family Architecting

System family engineering means making a long-term investment in a common architecture. This architecture must support the derivation of potentially many generations of products in the family. Short-term and longterm business considerations should be well balanced when defining and evolving system family architectures. Established methods for architecting lack support for doing this in an efficient manner. We present a scenario-based architecting method that addresses this problem. The method uses various types of scenario to ensure that the long-term future is taken into account, and to enable the effi-cient description, evaluation and comparison of multiple candidate architectures in parallel. Conclusions: A product line architecture represents a significant long-term investment. It is crucial that both long-term and short-term requirements are taken into account when designing a product line architecture. Designing such an architecture involves many trade-off decisions. We present scenario-based architecting, a method that supports the design and evolution of product line architectures. SBA takes long-term future requirements into account through the use of strategic scenarios during design and evaluation of architectures. Variation modeling in all architecture views and architecture scenarios are used as means of exploring and comparing design options and documenting design © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2005 iii PR-TN 2005/00812 Unclassified decisions. The method was evaluated in two industrial case studies involving a product line of medical imaging systems. We use an example based on these case studies to explain the method. iv © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2005 Unclassified PR-TN 2005/00812
Determination of diseases of thyroid gland using Ultrasonography (USG)

Background: Thyroid swelling is a common clinical problem. The present study was conducted to determine disease of thyroid gland using Ultrasonography (USG). Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 42 patients with complaint of thyroid swelling of both genders. All were subjected to Siemens Accuson X300 ultrasound with high frequency linear probe. Parameters such as grading of goiter, echogenicity and type of lesion were assessed. Results: Age group 20-30 years had 2 males and 8 females, 30-40 years had 5 males and 12 females, 40-50 years had 3 males and 6 females, 50-60 years had 1 male and 3 females and >60 years had 1 male and 1 female each. Diffuse goiter was present in 12, solitary thyroid nodule in 25 and multinodular goiter in 5. The difference was significant ( P < 0.05). Goiter grading was I seen in 28 and II in 14. Echogenicity was normal in 4, mild hypoechogenicity in 17, hypoechogenicity in 15 and total hypoechogenicity in 6. The difference was significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found USG a reliable diagnostic tool in assessing lesions of thyroid gland.
Asymptomatic filariasis and leprosy co-morbidity in a patient with suspected Guillain–Barrè syndrome: the first case report of an incidental finding in a slit-skin smear

Introduction Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and leprosy are both endemic in India. These diseases are on the World Health Organization (WHO) list of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), as they affect the most marginalized communities in the world, resulting in deformities and functional limitation. We report the first case of asymptomatic filariasis and leprosy co-morbidity in a patient with suspected Guillain–Barré syndrome. Case presentation A 55-year-old male who was a farmer by occupation presented to the Neurology Outpatient Department (OPD) of our institute with complaints of weakness in all four limbs for the last 15 days. After admission, a detailed history revealed that the patient had been taking multi-drug therapy (MDT) for leprosy for the previous 6 months. After symptomatic management of the presenting complaints, the patient was sent to the Department of Microbiology for a consultation and six-site slit-skin sampling. The initial screening of Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN)-stained smears under a 10× objective led to the incidental finding of sheathed structures resembling microfilaria (Mf) on the smear made from ear lobules. In addition, short acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were also observed under the oil-immersion objective. Conclusion We emphasize that a high index of suspicion and thorough screening of smears by a microbiologist is essential in specimens obtained from any body site.
Comparing the Prevalence of HTLV-1 and Its Risk Factors in Prisoners with Intravenous and Non-Intravenous Drug Use in Birjand

Background and Objectives: Regarding the high prevalence of the risk factors for human T-cell leukemia Virus (HTLV) in prison, including the high intravenous drug use and the higher chance of unprotected sexual behaviors, homosexuality, tattoos, and the probability of association between this disease and other sexually transmitted infections such as HTLV, this study compares the prevalence of HTLV-1 and its risk factors in intravenous and non-intravenous drug user prisoners in Birjand. Methods: Thisdescriptive-analyticalstudywasconductedinBirjandPrisonduring2014-2015. Theresearchcommunityincludedall theprisonersof Birjand. Censusmethodwasusedacrossintravenousdrugusersandsimplerandomsamplingfornon-intravenous drug users’ group where sample size was considered to be 300 individuals (69 individuals in the case group and 231 individuals in the control group). Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests in SPSS software v.21 at siginiﬁcance level of 5%. Results: Accordingtotheresultsof thestudy,therewasnocaseof HTLV-1ineitherof thetwogroups. However,prevalenceof smoking and history of common injection, non-sterile injections, suspected sexual contact, alcohol consumption, and tattoo in intravenous drug users were signiﬁcantly higher than in non-intravenous drug users (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that although the prevalence of this disease was zero in the studied community, theprevalenceof itsriskfactorswassigniﬁcant. Thisrequiresplanningtoreducetheriskfactorsassociatedwiththisdiseaseinthe target community.
A Sentence Summarizer using Recurrent Neural Network and Attention-Based Encoder

For automatically summarizing sentences of nature languages, some cutting-age methods have been proposed since a decade ago. In this paper, an advanced model of abstractive sentence summarization is proposed by composing a recurrent neural network (RNN) and an attention-based encoder. The proposed model is an improvement version of Rush-ChopraWeston’s neural attention model, and main differences between the proposed model and the conventional one is that: 1) the novel model utilizes two RNNs instead of the feed-forward neural networks; 2) the length of summarized sentence (the output of these models) is variable (which is fixed in the conventional case). Experiments showed the effectiveness of the proposed sentence summarizer and these results suggest that it is possible to abstract long articles into shorten words. Keywords-abstractive summarization; recurrent neural network; auto-encoder;nature language understanding; artificial intelligence
Increased Self Efficacy Fathers in Growth Stimulation and Development Under Five Years (BALITA) with the Health Promotion Model Approach

: Growth and development of infants influenced by self-efficacy of mother and providing stimulation from mother that can be obtained from following activities like Posyandu father. The goal of health promotion model application is to improve self effeciacy of father in stimulation Design quesi experiment with pre post control group. This research carries out a health promotion development model in improving self efficacy from the father's stimulus to the development and growth of children with modules. All the fathers who have the children in POSYANDU father. The population of all fathers who had chidren (1-5years) of 102, 40 samples has taken with simple romdom sampling were divided into intervention group 20 and control group 20. Variable of self efficacy father research and growth of development children analysis with t test α = 0.05 The results show a change in self-efficacy of the father in the pre test and post test in the intervention group with p = 0.000. Using a module as a guide in health promotion activities aims to improve the self efficacy of the father. A simple module containing information and pictures will make it easier for fathers to stimulate the growth and development of the children.
Precision medicine for TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia

ABSTRACT Introduction: TP53 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with poor response to standard chemotherapy and high rates of relapse, even after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The mutated p53 protein is likely to be significant for leukemogenesis and chemosensitivity in human AML. Areas covered: Relevant publications were identified through literature searches (using terms ‘acute myeloid leukemia’ plus ‘TP53’ or ‘p53’) in the PubMed database. We searched for original articles and reviews describing the biology and effects of antileukemic therapy in this AML variant. Expert opinion: TP53 mutations are associated with adverse prognoses in several malignancies, including AML. A wide range of such mutations has been described in human cancers; we give an overview of these mutations and their reported functional consequences. TP53 mutations can be associated with mutation-induced dependencies (e.g. a signaling pathway) for survival/proliferation or gain of new biological functions/characteristics. Finally, based on the current knowledge we discuss experimental and clinical observations from other malignancies that are most likely to be relevant for AML and the possible consequences of these observations for future treatment of TP53-mutated AML. In the final section, we focus on relevant targeted therapies that are now being considered for use in AML.
Protocol for validating simple measures of body fatness and physical activity of children in twelve African countries: the ROUND-IT Africa study

Body fatness and physical activity (PA) among children should be measured accurately to address the pandemics of obesity and physical inactivity. Limited accurate PA data exist in the African region, and crude proxy measures of body composition (such as body mass index: BMI) and physical activity (such as questionnaires) may have limited most surveys and studies from the region. A stable isotope technique (deuterium dilution) and accelerometry provide ‘gold standards’ for validating measures of body fatness and PA, respectively. The consortium on “Reducing Obesity Using Nuclear Techniques to Design Interventions in Africa (ROUND-IT)” Study, therefore aimed to validate the accuracy of, 1) World Health Organisation’s (WHO) BMI-for-age as a means of assessing excessive body fatness; 2) the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) as a means of measuring PA, and 3) to describe accelerometer-measured PA in a large African multi-country sample of children 6 – 11 years of age (n=2050). ROUND-IT Africa is a cross-sectional multi-centre study conducted in 12 countries (Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania and South Africa). Data collection began in April 2014 and was completed at the end of 2018. Height, body weight and waist circumference were measured using standard methods. Obesity was defined based on WHO’s BMI-for-age criteria. Body fatness was measured using total body water, and excess fatness determined using the criterion-referenced thresholds of >25% (boys) and >30% (girls). PA and sedentary behavior were assessed for 7 days in randomly assigned subsamples by accelerometry. The study was approved by local ethics committees in each participating country. Findings of the research, which will add to the existing body of scientific knowledge on African children, will be disseminated through journal publications, technical reports, conferences, and contacts with relevant non-governmental organisations, particularly the WHO.
Acne Protection: Measures & Miseries

Acne, also known as Acne Vulgaris (AV), is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin. It is characterized by blackheads or whiteheads, pimples, oily skin, and possible scarring. An intact stratum corneum and barrier, normal natural moisturizing factor and hyaluronic acid levels, normal Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) expression (localized at the basal lateral membranes of collecting duct cells in the kidney), and balanced sebum secretion are qualities of the skin that fall in the middle of the oily-dry spectrum. Patients rarely, if ever, complain about reduced sebum production, but elevated sebum production, yielding oily skin that can be a precursor to acne, is a common complaint. Several factors are known to influence sebum production. AV is mostly triggered by Propioni bacterium acnes in adolescence, under the influence of normal circulating Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). It is a very common skin disorder which can present with inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions chiefly on the face but can also occur on the upper arms, trunk, and back. Age, in particular, has a significant and well-known impact, as sebum levels are usually low in childhood, rise in the middle-to-late teen years, and remain stable into the seventh and eighth decades until endogenous androgen synthesis dwindles. Sebum, the oily secretion of the sebaceous glands containing wax esters, sterol esters, cholesterol, diand triglycerides, and squalene, imparts an oily quality to the skin and is well known to play an important role in acne development. Acne can't be prevented or cured, but it can be treated effectively. The pimples and bumps heal slowly, and when one begins to go away, others seem to crop up. Depending on its severity, acne can cause emotional distress and scar the skin. Acne may cause scarring of the skin, but generally causes no long-term health problems. In self-body image, some parts of the body including face play an important role. Existence of even a minor lesion in this part may be unpleasant for the patient and seems large. This image can cause mental disorders including depression and anxiety, low self-esteem, and decrease in social relationships. However, high levels of anxiety and depression in patients with facial acne are not related to oxidative stress, according to a study published online in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology.