Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Subclinical Influenza A ( H 1 N 1 ) pdm 09 Virus 2 Infection among Dogs , Guangdong Province , China

1 Evidence for Subclinical Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus 2 Infection among Dogs, Guangdong Province, China 3 4 Shuo Su, Pei Zhou, Kun Jia, Salah Uddin Khan, Shuyi He, Xinliang Fu, 5 Malin Hong, Lingshuang Sun, Wenbao Qi, Gregory C. Gray, 6 and Shoujun Li† 7 College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 8 Guangdong Province 510642, People’s Republic of China. 9 Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and 10 Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 11 Gainesville, FL 32610, USA 12 13 * These authors contributed equally to the work. 14 † corresponding author: Fax:+86-20-85280240; 15 E-mail address:shoujunli@scau.edu. cn 16 17 18 19 JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 5 March 2014 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/JCM.03522-13 Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Coordinated control of thermal generating unit aiming at multi-machine power systems

Present coordinated controllers of thermal generating unit are mainly designed based on the simplified model of generating unit. In the simplified model, the dynamics of generator are omitted, and thus present controllers can not meet the requirements of various operating states in real multi-machine power systems. In this paper, integral model of generating unit (including the models of boiler, turbine and generator) is used to design coordinated controller. When designing controller, the security of grid frequency and the security of generating unit are weighed simultaneously. Meanwhile, the gain scheduling controller is used to design the new coordinated controller. The proposed controller can utilize the energy storage of generating unit flexibly, and on emergency state the stability of grid frequency could be strengthened at a small cost. The simulation results also demonstrate the validity of the proposed coordinated controller.
Falling with style: Sticking the landing by controlling spin during ballistic flight

As agile robots learn to run and hop, we believe they will soon also perform large jumps and spins that require graceful landing. To land properly, they will need to be aware of their relative body orientation during free fall and make appropriate adjustments. In this paper, we examine the sensing and actuation necessary for a mechanism to alter its fall under a high rate of spin. We also present a simple new robot, the Binary Robotic Inertially Controlled bricK (BRICK). This device combines information from an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a laser range-finder to track its orientation, and adjusts spin mid-flight by rapidly changing its moment of inertia between two states. An error analysis shows mechanical inaccuracies and uncertainty to be the largest source of variation. Nevertheless, our mechanism is able to fall from arbitrary heights, with arbitrary spin, and always land in a desired orientation.
The ballistic nano-transistor

We have achieved extremely high drive current performance and ballistic (T>0.8) transport using ultra-thin (<2 nm) gate oxides in sub-30 nm effective channel length nMOSFETs. The peak drive performance in an nMOSFET was observed at t/sub ox//spl ap/1.3 nm for a 1.5 V power supply voltage with T/sub n//spl ap/0.7, while the peak performance in a pMOSFET was observed at t/sub ox//spl ap/1.5 nm for a -1.5 V supply with T/sub p//spl ap/0.5. Since the carrier scattering in the channel is due predominately to interface roughness, reducing the transverse surface field, either by reducing the gate voltage or by increasing the oxide thickness, can be used to improve the transmittance T/sub n//spl rarr/0.85, T/sub p//spl rarr/0.6, while diminishing the drive current.
A Potential Role for Cyclized Quinones Derived from Dopamine, DOPA, and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid in Proteasomal Inhibition

We examined the ability of oxidation products of dopamine, DOPA, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) to inhibit proteasomal activity. Dopamine, DOPA, and DOPAC underwent tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation to generate aminochrome, dopachrome, and furanoquinone, respectively. In these studies, the oxidation of dopamine by tyrosinase generated product(s) that inhibited the proteasome, and proteasomal inhibition correlated with the presence of the UV-visible spectrum of aminochrome. The addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase did not prevent proteasomal inhibition. The addition of NADH and the quinone reductase NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protected against aminochrome-induced proteasome inhibition. Although NQO1 protected against dopamine-induced proteasomal inhibition, the metabolism of aminochrome by NQO1 led to oxygen uptake because of the generation of a redox-labile cyclized hydroquinone, further demonstrating the lack of involvement of oxygen radicals in proteasomal inhibition. DOPA underwent tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation to form dopachrome, and similar to aminochrome, proteasomal inhibition correlated with the presence of a dopachrome UV-visible spectrum. The inclusion of NQO1 did not protect against proteasomal inhibition induced by dopachrome. Oxidation of DOPAC by tyrosinase generated furanoquinone, which was a poor proteasome inhibitor. These studies demonstrate that oxidation products, including cyclized quinones derived from dopamine and related compounds, rather than oxygen radicals have the ability to inhibit the proteasome. They also suggest an important protective role for NQO1 in protecting against dopamine-induced proteasomal inhibition. The ability of endogenous intermediates formed during dopaminergic metabolism to cause proteasomal inhibition provides a potential basis for the selectivity of dopaminergic neuron damage in Parkinson's disease.
Mining Association Rules From MusicBrainz

MusicBrainz is a publicly available relational database that stores information about artists, releases, tracks and the relationship among them. We present the results of mining association rules from this dataset, with the aim of obtaining knowledge about artists and their work. We are able to obtain associations between features, such as native language, and quantify how likely it is for an artist to do the “cross-over” to another language; or to associate the volume of work an artist produces with respect to a specific music label or genre. The number of possible association rules is virtually infinite so we limit the scope of this work to a few meaningful ones. Nonetheless, there is plenty of room for future work on this.
The rostral migratory stream in adult squirrel monkeys: contribution of new neurons to the olfactory tubercle and involvement of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2

The subventricular zone (SVZ) lying along the ependymal layer of lateral ventricle is known to generate neural progenitor cells throughout adulthood in specific areas of the mammalian brain. In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces neuroblasts that migrate in chain toward the olfactory bulb along the so‐called rostral migratory stream (RMS). In the present study, the organization of the RMS in a representative of New World primates – the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) – was studied by using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analogue that incorporates itself into the DNA of cells undergoing mitotic division. Double and triple immunofluorescence labelling with a confocal microscope served to visualize cells that expressed BrdU as well as molecular markers of neurogenesis. Numerous newborn (BrdU+) cells, many ensheated in glial (GFAP+) tubes, were scattered along the entire RMS in squirrel monkeys. Some of these BrdU+ cells expressed molecular markers for early committed neurons (TuJ1), postmitotic granular neuroblasts (TUC‐4) or mature neurons (MAP‐2, NeuN), and virtually all of them expressed the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2. A significant number of BrdU+ cells were found to deviate from the main stream of the RMS. Instead of reaching the olfactory bulb, these cells migrated ventrally into the olfactory tubercle, where they expressed a mature neuronal phenotype (MAP‐2). These findings reveal that the RMS in New World monkeys is mitotically robust and markedly extended and suggest that Bcl‐2 might play a role in the survival and/or differentiation of newborn neurons destined to olfactory bulb and olfactory tubercle in primates.
Distributed event-triggered tracking control of second-order leader-follower multi-agent systems

When multi-agent systems are equipped with embedded microprocessors of limited resources, it is important to design an appropriate real-time scheduling of control tasks. In this paper, we examine the synthesis of event-triggered information transmission and distributed estimation for a tracking control problem of leader-follower multi-agent systems. For a second-order leader-follower multi-agent system, we use a decentralized event-triggered strategy in the dynamic tracking control design. Then, we analyze the input-to-state stability of the closed-loop multi-agent system with the proposed event-triggered tracking control. Finally, we present a numerical simulation to validate the proposed design.
B cells extract and present immobilized antigen: implications for affinity discrimination

Binding of antigen to B‐cell antigen receptor (BCR) leads to antigen internalization and presentation to T cells, a critical process in the initiation of the humoral immune response. However, antigen internalization has been demonstrated for soluble antigen, in vivo antigen is often encountered in insoluble form or tethered to a cell surface. Here, we show that not only can B cells internalize and present large particulate antigen (requiring a signalling‐competent BCR to drive antigen uptake), but they can also extract antigen that is tethered tightly to a non‐internalizable surface. The form in which the antigen is displayed affects the B cell's ability to discriminate antigen–BCR affinity. Thus, arraying an antigen on a particle or surface allows efficient presentation of low affinity antigens. However, the presentation efficiency of antigen arrayed on an internalizable particle plateaus at low affinity values. In contrast, extraction and presentation of antigen from a non‐internalizable surface depends on antigen–BCR affinity over a wide affinity range. The results have implications for understanding both the initiation and affinity maturation of the immune response.
Howwa wheyya: Performance and gendered style in the Egyptian caricature “The Piece of Paper”

This piece of work that is the beginning of my journey as a young researcher is totally dedicated to my original source of inspiration; to each member in the Essam family including my parents, sisters, brother, nieces and nephews. I dedicate this thesis to the precious name of my father, to “Essam” whom I cannot give his full name to my future children, but I can document it one day in history, attempting to honor my dearest mother and father. This is the beginning of no ending….
Some Applications of Lauricella Hypergeometric Function F_A in Performance Analysis of Wireless Communications

Lauricella hypergeometric function (LHF) FA is often used in the performance analysis of wireless communications, especially diversity systems. In this letter, FA is applied to solve two challenging problems: (1) a product of error functions averaged over generic fading channels and (2) error probability of BPSK modulation with equal-gain combining (EGC) in independent Nakagami-m fading channels. Closed-form expressions in terms of FA are obtained. In addition, a novel and efficient approximation to FA is presented.
Tuning fork tests in modern otology.

IT HAS often been said that the Ear, Nose, and Throat resident learns only enough about tuning fork tests to satisfy his professors and to pass the board examination, that the older otolaryngologist dwells upon these test mainly because they are pleasant reminders of the past, and that in the middle there is a large group who do not use the tests at all. And yet, often the first question asked at Thursday night chart dis cussions at the Otologic Medical Group is, "What did the fork test show? " What About The Audiogram? Tuning Forks to Audiometers and Back Again —is the title of a recent article by an PhD audiologist: "This title was a deliberate. Its purpose is to suggest to you that even though we have extremely accurate quantitative test devices, the simple tuning fork tests are still excellent clinical tools and should be a part of every
P eft Atrial Volume Predicts the Risk f Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery Prospective Study

OBJECTIVES This study sought to identify preoperative predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) among patients undergoing cardiac surgery. BACKGROUND Postoperative atrial fibrillation is frequent after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and increased costs. Left atrial volume (LAV), a marker of chronically elevated left ventricular filling pressure, is a predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the nonsurgical setting. METHODS A total of 205 patients (mean age 62 16 years; 35% women) undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled. Clinical risk factors were obtained by detailed medical record review and patient interview. Preoperative transthoracic echocardiograms were performed for assessment of LAV, left ventricular ejection fraction, and diastolic function. Follow-up was complete. Detection of POAF was based on documentation of AF episodes by continuous telemetry throughout hospitalization. RESULTS Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurred in 84 patients (41.4%) at a median of 1.8 days after cardiac surgery. The LAV was significantly larger in patients in whom AF developed (49 14 ml/m vs. 39 16 ml/m, p 0.0001). Patients with LAV 32 ml/m had an almost five-fold increased risk of POAF, independently of age and clinical risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio 4.84, 95% confidence interval 1.93 to 12.17, p 0.001). Age and LAV were the only independent predictors of POAF. The area under the receiver-operator characteristics curve to predict POAF was 0.729 for LAV and 0.768 for the combination of LAV and age (both p 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The LAV is a strong and independent predictor of POAF. Risk stratification using LAV and age enables clinicians to identify high-risk patients before cardiac surgery. (J Am Coll ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2006.03. 054
The healthy migrant effect: new findings from the Mexican Family Life Survey.

OBJECTIVES We used nationally representative longitudinal data from the Mexican Family Life Survey to determine whether recent migrants from Mexico to the United States are healthier than other Mexicans. Previous research has provided little scientific evidence that tests the "healthy migrant" hypothesis. METHODS Estimates were derived from logistic regressions of whether respondents moved to the United States between surveys in 2002 and 2005, by gender and urban versus rural residence. Covariates included physical health measurements, self-reported health, and education measured in 2002. Our primary sample comprised 6446 respondents aged 15 to 29 years. RESULTS Health significantly predicted subsequent migration among females and rural males. However, the associations were weak, few health indicators were statistically significant, and there was substantial variation in the estimates between males and females and between urban and rural dwellers. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of recent data for Mexico, the largest source of migrants to the United States, we found generally weak support for the healthy migrant hypothesis.
Measurement of heat transfer coefficient in spray cooling of a flip chip

With the relentless trend of increasing power and decreasing dimensions, thermal management of electronic packages is becoming a critical issue. Existing cooling techniques are fast becoming inadequate for the powerful electronic components expected in the near future. Researchers all over the world have been experimenting with advanced cooling techniques such as spray and impingement cooling using different liquids such as water and fluroinert fluids. This paper describes an experimental study of spray cooling of a flip chip where the heat transfer coefficient achieved by spray cooling is measured using a thermal transient method. The chip used is an 11 mm x 11 mm test chip containing resistors and diodes for heating of the chip and sensing the chip temperature, respectively. The test chip is mounted onto a printed circuit board (PCB) and water is sprayed onto the chip. Other components in the experimental set-up include a nozzle-pump assembly with essential valves and pressure gauges to regulate the flow as required. A state of the art thermal transient tester (T3ster) is used to measure the transient temperature of the test chip. The transient temperature data collected by T3ster is processed by software to give a plot of change in thermal capacitance versus change in thermal resistances. From this plot the thermal resistance at the surface of the chip due to spray cooling can be obtained and hence the heat transfer coefficient of the spray cooling system is determined. A parametric investigation has also been conducted and the parameters that are considered include chip to nozzle height(H), spraying pressure (P) and heat flux (F) in the chip. A high heat transfer coefficient of 28,500 W/m2K was obtained for H=60 mm, P=1 bar and F=53 W/cm2. It was found that the heat transfer coefficient increases dramatically with heat flux, probably due to increased evaporation rate.
Caractérisation des communautés microbiennes associées à la colonisation des déchets plastiques en mer

La prise de conscience recente de la menace qui pese sur les oceans, receptacle final de la pollution plastique, a donne lieu a une effervescence dans le domaine scientifique. On estime que plus de 5,25 milliards de particules plastiques flottent dans les oceans. Ces travaux de these s’inscrivent dans le cadre de cette preoccupation environnementale de premier ordre, en apportant de nouvelles connaissances sur le compartiment bacterien qui se developpe sur les debris plastiques en mer, appele « plastisphere ». L’analyse des prelevements effectues pendant l’expedition Tara-Mediterranee a permis de caracteriser, pour la premiere fois dans cette zone, un biofilm abondant et specifique des plastiques par comparaison aux communautes bacteriennes attachees aux particules organiques ou libres dans l’eau de mer. Ensuite, la cinetique de colonisation bacterienne sur differents polymeres a ete etudiee grâce a la mise en place de microcosmes en circulation ouverte sur le milieu naturel. Le couplage original de donnees biologiques et physico-chimiques des surfaces plastiques a permis de constater un developpement bacterien plus important sur des plastiques « biodegradables » (notamment des especes hydrocarbonoclastes) par rapport aux polymeres conventionnels. Enfin, de fortes activites heterotrophes et ectoenzymatiques ont ete constatees sur les polymeres par rapport a l’eau de mer. Encore une fois, des differences en fonction des types de plastiques et du stade de formation du biofilm ont ete observees. Les travaux menes pendant cette these mettent en lumiere l’existence d’une nouvelle niche ecologique sur les plastiques, distincte de celle de l’eau de mer environnante.
Biophysical characterisation of lysozyme binding to LPS Re and lipid A.

The binding of lysozyme to bacterial deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Re and to its lipid moiety lipid A, the 'endotoxic principle' of LPS, was investigated using biophysical techniques. The beta<-->alpha gel to liquid crystalline phase transition, the nature of the functional groups of the endotoxins, the secondary structure of lysozyme, and competition with polymyxin B were studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); the supramolecular aggregate structure of the endotoxins was determined with synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and the binding stoichiometry with microcalorimetry. The results were compared with those found with zwitterionic and negatively charged phospholipids. It can clearly be shown that lysozyme binds electrostatically to charged groups of the endotoxin molecules with the consequence of acyl-chain rigidification and an initiation of a transition from inverted cubic to multilamellar structures. The binding stoichiometry of endotoxin and lysozyme is a 3:1 molar ratio for both LPS Re and lipid A, indicating a dominant binding of lysozyme to the lipid A-phosphates. This could be confirmed by the analysis of a phosphate vibration and by the use of a dephospho LPS. Parallel to lysozyme binding to endotoxin, a conformational change of the secondary structure in the protein from mainly alpha helix to more unordered structures takes place, while the residual beta-sheet substructure does not exhibit a clear concentration dependence. Binding is found to be specific for the endotoxins since, for the zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine, no binding is observed and, for the negatively charged phosphatidylglycerol, only very weak binding is found. The results are discussed in the context of the ability of lysozyme to reduce endotoxicity.
Redefining cholesterol's role in the mechanism of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins

The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) constitute a large family of pore-forming toxins that function exclusively on cholesterol-containing membranes. A detailed analysis of the various stages in the cytolytic mechanism of three members of the CDC family revealed that significant depletion of cholesterol from the erythrocyte membrane stalls these toxins in the prepore complex. Therefore, the depletion of membrane cholesterol prevents the insertion of the transmembrane β-barrel and pore formation. These unprecedented findings provide a paradigm for the involvement of cholesterol in the CDC cytolytic mechanism and that of other pore-forming toxins whose activity is enhanced by the presence of membrane cholesterol.
Correlation of lead and cadmium in human seminal plasma with seminal vesicle and prostatic markers

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between lead and cadmium with seminal vesicle and prostatic markers. Semen samples categorized into fertile and infertile were evaluated for the presence of lead and cadmium and biochemical markers in the seminal plasma. Associations between lead and fructose, acid phosphatase and g-glutamyl transpeptidase (g-GT) were observed. However, no such relationships were noticed for cadmium. It is concluded that lead may be one of the pollutants indirectly affecting semen quality by altering the functions of accessory sex glands.