Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NONLINEAR REGIMES IN COLLISIONLESS MAGNETIC RECONNECTION

The evolution of nonlinear structures which form in the current density and in the vorticity fields in collisionless magnetic reconnection process is investigated by numerical sim- ulations. In collisionless magnetic reconnection regimes, electron inertia is responsible for the decoupling of the plasma motion from that of the magnetic field. In the MHD range of frequencies reconnection in collisionless regimes can be analyzed (1) on the basis of a 2D incompressible fluid model, where the effects of electron inertia and of the electron stress tensor in the generalized Ohm's law are included. The early nonlinear phase of the reconnection process has been studied in Ref. (2). During this phase cross shaped structures in the current density and vorticity layers form, when both these effects are taken into account. Previous investigations stopped a few times after these structures are formed. In this paper with a new numerical code we follow the evolution of these structures when a completely nonlinear phase is entered.
Hand Transplantation: Current concepts and management algorithm

Introduction: Hand transplantation was first reported in 1964, and is currently one of the challenges that the 21st century poses to Medicine. Several related studies and advances have been achieved, thus allowing to explore new alternatives for patient management. Many reference centers have performed their own analyzes based on their experience, which has led to increase the viability of this type of transplant.Objective: This review seeks to provide an overview of hand transplantation and to propose a management algorithm.Materials and methods: Several criteria must be met to select candidates, including clinical, paraclinical and psychosocial assessment performed by a multidisciplinary team. Immunosuppression seeks to avoid rejection, while immunosuppressants must have appropriate serum levels to reduce adverse effects. Classical and atypical acute rejection cases have been reported, where the skin is the main target tissue. Chronic rejection cases are related to the blood vessels that become affected. Monitoring is performed using several tests, considering skin biopsy as the gold standard.Results: Drug therapy complications derive from drug toxicity, which are manifested as metabolic disorders, development of opportunistic infections and neoplasms. Rehabilitation and social aspects, such as patient satisfaction, should be evaluated during recovery to ensure adherence to immunosuppressive therapy. In 2011, the international registry of hand and composite tissue transplantation reported 39 cases of upper limb transplantation with multiple results. All this proves that to achieve optimal and viable results, a multidisciplinary team must conduct proper follow-up, and that the patient should have a support and motivation network, and comply with pharmacological management.Conclusion: Further research is expected to create strategies to develop tolerance and, thus, reduce management by immunosuppression.
Traffic Simulation of Hongqi Elevated Road in Yantai

With the increasing number of vehicles in Yantai, the downtown traffic volume is increasing. Hongqi Road, the main road in Yantai exists the traffic congestion problems. Yantai Planning Bureau proposed to construct for viaduct this road. This design is mainly based on the planning and design of the elevated road in Yantai Hongqi Road (Hongqi Road intersection-Shanhai Road intersection). We used the VISSIM micro simulation system to carry out the simulation of the elevated road in Hongqi Road, and the stops and queue length are the evaluation indices for quantitative evaluation. Then through the evaluation indices and specific data obtained by simulation, we analyze the selection of the scheme and draw the final plan of the construction of the elevated road, which was provide a good reference for the planning and construction of Hongqi elevated road.
Controlled Microwave Technology for Disinfestations of Selected Pulses

The grains get spoiled or infected due to environmental changes, excess use of chemical and lack of storage houses which, results into losing their nutritional values. Therefore, it is necessary to check the nutritional status of grains time to time since the nutritional factors also depend on upon the environmental temperature and moisture present in the grains. These are few of the major reasons responsible for fungicide and insects growth in the grains, which directly attack the kernel of the grains and fill the kernel with their eggs, pupa and larvae. The present paper shows the control of moisture and disinfestations of food grains with respect to selected power level and time. The paper presents the disinfestations of pulse beetle in selected pulses like whole mung bean, rajma and red lentil and kills the insect and their whole life cycle at the surface and kernel level. The domestic microwave is used to treat the pulses at different power levels 900 W, 720 W, 450 W, 270 W and 90 W for 30 Sec, 60 Sec and 90 Sec exposure times for disinfestations and to measure the moisture loss in pulses. And the acquired results of moisture further validated by the standard moisture meter DMM8. The moisture level of the whole mung bean varies from 7.80% to 7.22%, of rajma varies from 10% to 9.5% and of red lentil varies from 9.40% to 8.89%. And the protein contents of the pulses are calculated by the standard Kjheldal method, in which protein content of whole mung bean varies from 22.03% to 21.4%, of rajma varies from 22.5% to 22.3% and red lentil varies from 22.25% to 21.7%. All these samples are monitored for 90 days to analyse the mortality rate of the pulse beetle insects and their life cycle. Finally, it is observed that with controlled microwave energy the achieved mortality rate is approximately 95% in pulses
Mind the gap: how do climate and agricultural management explain the ‘yield gap’ of croplands around the world?

Aim As the demands for food, feed and fuel increase in coming decades, society will be pressed to increase agricultural production – whether by increasing yields on already cultivated lands or by cultivating currently natural areas – or to change current crop consumption patterns. In this analysis, we consider where yields might be increased on existing croplands, and how crop yields are constrained by biophysical (e.g. climate) versus management factors. Location This study was conducted at the global scale. Methods Using spatial datasets, we compare yield patterns for the 18 most dominant crops within regions of similar climate. We use this comparison to evaluate the potential yield obtainable for each crop in different climates around the world. We then compare the actual yields currently being achieved for each crop with their ‘climatic potential yield’ to estimate the ‘yield gap’. Results We present spatial datasets of both the climatic potential yields and yield gap patterns for 18 crops around the year 2000. These datasets depict the regions of the world that meet their climatic potential, and highlight places where yields might potentially be raised. Most often, low yield gaps are concentrated in developed countries or in regions with relatively high-input agriculture. Main conclusions While biophysical factors like climate are key drivers of global crop yield patterns, controlling for them demonstrates that there are still considerable ranges in yields attributable to other factors, like land management practices. With conventional practices, bringing crop yields up to their climatic potential would probably require more chemical, nutrient and water inputs. These intensive land management practices can adversely affect ecosystem goods and services, and in turn human welfare. Until society develops more sustainable high-yielding cropping practices, the trade-offs between increased crop productivity and social and ecological factors need to be made explicit when future food scenarios are formulated.
Study the Effect of Threshold Value on Object Detection

The object detection on movie based on static camera using background subtraction mainly depends on threshold value of calculating the difference between current frame and previous one. Most of the research use fixed threshold value cause an error technique. In this research the threshold Value calculated depends on histogram gray level of the Frame. The result for moved object detection on the movie Enhanced in addition higher detection obtained than the previous technique.
Przebieg ciąż u par nosicieli aberracji chromosomowych

Streszczenie Wstep: Ocenia sie, iz wśrod par doświadczających poronien nawracających średnio od 3,0 do 6,0% partnerow jest nosicielami aberracji struktury chromosomow, ktore dwa razy cześciej wystepują w populacji kobiet niz mezczyzn. Celem pracy byla proba odpowiedzi na pytanie: jak czesto wystepują aberracje chromosomowe wśrod par z powtarzającymi sie poronieniami oraz jaki jest przebieg ciązy po wykonanej diagnostyce u tych pacjentow. Material i metodyka: Spośrod 427 kobiet objetych analizą z powodu dwoch i wiecej poronien badania genetyczne wykonano u 315 pacjentek i ich partnerow. Wyniki: Wśrod tych par nieprawidlowy kariotyp stwierdzono u 20 (6,35%) osob, w tym u 14 (70%) kobiet i 6 (30%) mezczyzn. Dwadzieścia par, nosicieli aberracji chromosomowych, przed wykonaniem diagnostyki i stwierdzeniem u jednego z partnerow nieprawidlowości genetycznej doświadczylo lącznie 50 ciąz, w tym 47 (94%) poronien oraz 3 (6%) porodow zywych, zdrowych dzieci. Po diagnostyce tylko jedna para nie zaszla w kolejną ciąze. Wśrod pozostalych 19 par obserwowano 33 ciąze. Dwadzieścia trzy (69,7%) (w tym jedna trojacza) zakonczyly sie urodzeniem 25 zywych dzieci i jednego dziecka martwego, zaś 10 (30,3%) ciąz uleglo poronieniu. Wnioski: 1) Pary doświadczające poronien nawracających, u ktorych stwierdzono nieprawidlowości chromosomowe mają szanse na urodzenie zdrowego dziecka, lecz powinny byc poinformowane o wysokim ryzyku kolejnego poronienia. 2) Szansa na prawidlowy rozwoj ciązy u par z nieprawidlowym kariotypem zwieksza sie istotnie po diagnostyce genetycznej.
Impact of microbial growth on water flow and solute transport in unsaturated porous media

A novel analytical method was developed that permitted real‐time, noninvasive measurements of microbial growth and associated changes in hydrodynamic properties in porous media under unsaturated flowing conditions. Salicylate‐induced, lux gene‐based bioluminescence was used to quantify the temporal and spatial development of colonization over a 7‐day time course. Water contents were determined daily by measuring light transmission through the system. Hydraulic flow paths were determined daily by pulsing a bromophenol blue dye solution through the colonized region of the sand. Bacterial growth and accumulation had a significant impact on the hydraulic properties of the porous media. Microbial colonization caused localized drying within the colonized zone, with decreases in saturation approaching 50% of antecedent values, and a 25% lowering of the capillary fringe height. Flow was retarded within the colonized zone and diverted around it concurrent with the expansion of the colonized zone between days 3 and 6. The location of horizontal dispersion corresponded with the cell densities of 1–3 × 109 cells g−1 dry sand. The apparent solute velocity through the colonized region was reduced from 0.41 cm min−1 (R2 = 0.99) to 0.25 cm min−1 (R2 = 0.99) by the sixth day of the experiment, associated with population densities that would occupy approximately 7% of the available pore space within the colonized region. Changes in the extent of colonization occurred over the course of the experiment, including upward migration against flow. The distribution of cells was not determined by water flow alone, but rather by a dynamic interaction between water flow and microbial growth. This experimental system provides rich data sets for the testing of conceptualizations expressed through numerical modeling.
Enterprise Resource Planning Adoption: Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Antecdants

This study identifies the key antecedent factors for accomplishing the adoption stage of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Five potential antecedent factors of adoption were derived from the literature, including that on innovation theories, and data were obtained from a sample of 217 organizations across Australia. A structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was used to examine the complex relationships between antecedents and the adoption decision. We found that there were three positive drivers of a successful outcome of the ERP adoption stage. Prior findings have shown that system quality is a key enabler for innovation adoption by individuals, and we found that system quality is also an important driver for organizational adoption of ERP. It was also indicated that organizations consider adopting ERP when the market and customer patterns are relatively stable rather than in turbulent environments.
Mercury Films on Commercial Carbon Screen-Printed Devices for the Analysis of Heavy Metal Ions: a Critical Evaluation

The suitability of mercury films on commercial screen-printed electrodes for the analysis of heavy metal ions is critically tested for the particular case of Pb(II)-ions. Although determination is possible by anodic stripping voltammetry with a reasonable detection limit (8.9 µg L−1), important drawbacks are noticed as a consequence of the heterogeneous deposition of mercury on the rough surface of screen-printed devices.
33 EGFR as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma

The tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can be activated by several ligands, thus triggering downstream pathways regulating cell growth and survival. Its dysregula tion is particularly important for the development and progression of astrocytomas. After the description of its role in glioblastomas (WHO grade IV astrocytomas), an overview on the therapeutic strategies target ing EGFR is provided. It analyzes the past and ongoing trials concerning the small molecule tyro sine kinase inhibitors, i.e. gefitinib, erlotinib and the combination therapies, the EGFR vaccina tion strategies, the antibodies directed against EGFR and finally the intracranially administered EGFR-targeted therapies. As our understanding of the underlying molecular aberrancies in glioblastoma grows, our ability to better target specific subtypes of glioblastoma should improve. Molecular biomarker enriched clinical trials may lead to improved patient outcomes.
The Impact of Driver Cell Phone Use on Accidents

Abstract Cell phone use is increasing worldwide, leading to a concern that cell phone use while driving increases accidents. Several countries, three states and Washington, D.C. have banned the use of hand-held cell phones while driving. In this paper, we develop a new approach for estimating the relationship between cell phone use while driving and accidents. Our approach is the first to allow for the direct estimation of the impact of a cell phone ban while driving. It is based on new survey data from over 7,000 individuals.This paper differs from previous research in two significant ways: first, we use a larger sample of individual-level data; and second, we test for selection effects, such as whether drivers who use cell phones are inherently less safe drivers, even when not on the phone.The paper has two key findings. First, the impact of cell phone use on accidents varies across the population. This result implies that previous estimates of the impact of cell phone use on risk for the population, based on accident-only samples, may be overstated by about one-third. Second, once we correct for endogeneity, there is no significant effect of hands-free or hand-held cell phone use on accidents.
Normal behaviour models for wind turbine vibrations: An alternative approach

The identification of abnormal behaviour in mechanical systems is key to anticipate and avoid their potential failure. Thus wind turbine health is commonly assessed monitoring series of $10$-minute SCADA and high frequency data from sensors. To monitor wind turbine vibrations, normal behaviour models are built to predict tower top accelerations and drive-train vibrations. Signal deviations from model prediction are labelled as anomalies and are further investigated. More efficient models are expected to help enhancing the identification of abnormal behaviour. In this paper we assess a stochastic approach to reconstruct the $1$ Hz tower top acceleration signal, which was measured in a wind turbine located at the wind farm Alpha Ventus in the German North Sea. We compare the resulting data reconstruction with that of a model based on a neural network, which has been previously reported as a data-mining algorithm suitable for reconstructing this signal. In order to focus the discussion on the similarities and differences of both approaches, we limit our evaluation to a single input-output system; in doing so, we avoid other differences, i.e. loading type, pre-processing or model complexity. Our results present evidence that the stochastic approach outperforms the neural network in the high frequency domain ($1$ Hz). Although neural network retrieve accurate step-forward predictions, with low mean square errors, the stochastic approach predictions better preserve the statistics and the frequency components of the original signal, remaining high accuracy levels. The implementation of our stochastic approach is available as open source code and can easily be adapted for other situations involving stochastic data reconstruction. Based on our findings we argue that such an approach could be implemented in signal reconstruction for monitoring purposes or for abnormal behaviour detection.
Mosquitoes breeding in container habitats in urban and peri-urban areas in the Auckland Region, New Zealand

Derraik JGB . 2005. Mosquitoes breeding in container habitats in urban and peri-urban areas in the Auckland Region, New Zealand. E ntomotropica 20(2): 89-93. An investigation into the mosquito fauna breeding in container habitats in the Auckland region (New Zealand) was carried out. Special attention was given to exotic bromeliads. The results suggest that mosquitoes seem to utilize container habitats in urban and peri-urban areas to a high extent. Overall, there was an almost complete dominance of exotic mosquitoes, more specifically Ochlerotatus notoscriptus. The results provide further evidence of the major dominance of exotic mosquitoes in anthropic habitats in the Auckland region.
The potential of sulla in pasture-based systems

A feed evaluation trial compared lamb growth, rumen function and protein synthesis from either pasture (perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/white clover (Trifolium repens)-dominant), lucerne (Medicago sativa), sulla (Hedysarum coronarium, which contains condensed tannins (CT)) or a lucerne:sulla mixture. The 8 week trial involved 32 weaned ram lambs allocated to either pasture (80% ryegrass and 20% white clover), lucerne, sulla, or a 50:50 lucerne:sulla mixture (DM basis; 8 per diet). Measurements included feed intake, liveweight (LW) gain, rumen ammonia (NH3) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations. A sub-group of 16 lambs (4 from each treatment) were given a continuous infusion of 35S-cysteine and 35S-sulphate to measure the effect of diet on cysteine irreversible loss and absolute whole body protein synthesis (WBPS). Lambs fed pasture had the slowest (P<0.05) daily gains (116 g/day) and absolute WBPS (93 g/day) compared with lambs fed sulla (308 g LW and 152 g WBPS/day) or lucerne:sulla (281 g LW and 180 g WBPS/day). Lambs fed sulla had lower rumen NH3 concentrations (13.6 mmol/L), acetate:propionate ratios (2.6) and minor VFA concentrations (2.1%) suggesting less rumen proteolysis than lambs fed the other diets. Lamb performance was improved by feeding sulla or lucerne compared to pasture, and the lucerne:sulla mixture resulted in better performance than the average of the 2 species fed alone.
Evaluating Content Trust Based on Weblog Analysis Adjusted to Time Current Characteristics of Its Link Structure

Broadband infrastructure and ubiquitous computing have brought an environment that people are always online to World Wid Web. In this circumstance, circulation of information through WWW between users is spreading. Weblog, which is one of information circulation environment, usually creates web contents that have relevance each other. Though conventional Web search engines like Google use static link structure in order to provide Web page rankings, they cannot effectively use weblogs that have a link structure in growth process. Thus, we propose evaluating content trust based on weblog analysis adjusted to weblog content analyzing method adjusted to time current characteristics of its link structure, and discuss how to extract and evaluate trustworthy and timely contents.
Metamaterial-based design of biological sensors operating at THz frequencies

In this contribution, we present an omega-shaped electromagnetic resonator, which is of potential interest for THz biosensors. A new analytical model for such an inclusion-type is developed, considering the effects of the fringing capacitance. After the development of a proper parametric (analytical and numerical) analysis, we optimize the design in terms of selectivity and sensitivity for the operation of the biosensor at THz frequencies. The obtained biosensor exhibits an higher selectivity and sensitivity compared to similar devices already presented in the literature.
The Lucas Critique and Keynes Response.Considering the History of Macroeconomics

Considering the history of macroeconomics it is surprising that Tinbergens theory of policy is identified with so-called Keynesian economics by Lucas and Lucasians. Keynesian macropolicy is accused of neglecting the role of expectations and the effects of any changes of institutions. Due to textual evidence this paper explains that both the disregard of expectations and the institutional evolutionary process can not be addressed to Keynes's analysis.