Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
言語獲得におけるシンボルグラウンディング( 機械学習,それが人に及ばざる理由)

A project is an activity or transaction that may result in an environmental effect that is being approved or carried out by the University, and may consist of several discretionary actions or approvals. “Approval” of a project may include design approval, execution of a contract or lease, or the issuance of a permit or license, among other things. Environmental review in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) must be completed before the first project approval action is taken. For example, if a lease or contract committing the University to a project is executed before design approval, CEQA must be completed prior to execution of the binding document
A competing values approach to the study of group decision support systems

T. Parsons proposed that any system of action functions in four distinct ways: integration, goal attainment, adaptation, and tension management. According to the competing values approach, most measures of system performance reflect one of four organizational models consistent with Parsonian theory: the internal process model, the rational goal model, the open system model, and the human relations model. The competing values approach identifies both the dominant criteria for each model and the implicit organizational values they reflect. The study of the impact of group decision support systems (GDSS) is undertaken as an exemplary case of organizational change produced by novel technology. A competing values approach to such a study provides a social-psychological paradigm for the future of GDSS evaluation and eventual GDSS redesign. <<ETX>>
An introduction to the pronunciation of English

Revised to cover modern instrumental techniques, recent research and publications, current terminology, and changes in present-day Received Pronunciation (RP), this edition retains the characteristics that have made it a standard reference text on the pronunciation of British English. A new section on stylistic variation in RP has been added and there is clarification of various rules concerning connected-speech processes. The editor is a former pupil of A.C. Gimson. An ELBS/LPBB edition is available.
Design representation and manipulation for high-level synthesis of DSP algorithms

Presents the new internal representation chosen for the high-level synthesis environment system under development at the Cefriel center. The aim of the work performed in Cefriel is to build a high-level synthesis environment constituted by a set of tools making it possible to perform synthesis of different classes of array architectures dedicated mainly to DSP (digital signal processing) applications. The basic representation to evaluate the best class of target architecture is a behavioral graph representation of the algorithm described in an HDL (hardware description language). This hierarchical representation and the algorithms that make it possible to manipulate it in order to identify the type of synthesis to be performed are discussed. The goal of the algorithms considered here is to modify the data flow graph and control flow graph in a way that will make easier the decision on the most suitable type of architecture to implement, given a specific algorithm and performance constraints. Structural synthesis can then be performed by the different modules of the environment. Orpheus, the systolic arrays synthesis module, is shown as an example. <<ETX>>
Performance Of Mosaic Sensor Dim-Target Detection Algorithms

A critical problem in the design of signal processing systems for mosaic sensors is the development of algorithms suitable to the detection of dim targets in the face of several significant noise components. These algorithms must provide near optimum performance for given constraints on memory and computing capacity. A general frequency domain theory of the detection of dim targets against an earth background by passive mosaic sensors is given. Simple temporal filtering algorithms are discussed and the results of comparative analysis of these algorithms are presented.
Utilizando Agentes Pedagógicos Animados como uma abordagem não restritiva ao Gaming The System Animated Pedagogical Agents as a non-restrictive approach to Gaming The System

Intelligent Tutoring Systems have a big potential supporting the learning process because they provide personalized assistance. However, many times the effectiveness of these systems is re- duced because of some student's behaviors. One of these cases is the Gaming The System, when the student try to explore the tutor features in order to have a faster progress in the problem solving. In order to minimize Gaming The System and improve student's experience, this paper presents a non-restrictive approach to the behavior. We developed Animated Pedagogical Agents with different kinds of personality. The agents react when the learner "Game The Sys- tem" by help seeking and show that they recognize the student's inappropriate behavior. The two different approaches show that the tutor can influence the way how the student face the experience through its actions and, in this way, discourage this practice. Even if the results of a research with 41 students from a private school are not statistically significant, they reveal that the agents with different personalities have a different impact in the learner's behavior.
A nanoscale single-molecule amplifier and its consequences

Our ability to manipulate atoms and molecules on an individual basis has opened a new experimental frontier that makes feasible the quest for single molecular-scale devices as successors to the transistor. Here, we discuss our realization of the first amplifier using a single fullerene molecule less than 1 nm in diameter as the active element. This C/sub 60/ molecular device works by electromechanical modulation of virtual resonance quantum mechanical tunneling. The equivalent of the grid is achieved by the purely mechanical action of compressing the C/sub 60/ cage voltage. This action reversibly changes the internal electronic structure of the molecule, increasing its conductance in a continuous manner. The first embodiment provides experimental verification with a measured voltage gain of five. The implications of these results indicate a new approach to electronics on the nanoscale, working in a new transport regime for the three-terminal devices. Going beyond these experiments, we discuss possible approaches of creating single-molecule devices and the advantages they promise.
Fuzzy technologies and their advantages in commercial advanced planning systems (APS)

Enterprise wide planning systems imply many functions that cannot be covered by exact mathematical expressions. Instead there are functions like forecasting, estimating, optimizing, etc., which are based on experience of past situations depending on complex influences and cannot easily be taken into account by simple mathematical methods. In these entire cases fuzzy-logic can help to define a set of rules, dependencies and conclusions. The application of fuzzy technologies in advanced planning systems (APS) is not yet common, but there are some other mathematical methods which can be described to solve the usability problem. The fuzzy approach is somehow universal in its application, which means, how ever the complexity of the relation between the known parameters and the unknown "X" is, it can be modeled in fuzzy technology. In addition, there are not much mathematical skills necessary to use the fuzzy method. Instead of mathematical formulas, a graphical, user-friendly interface is used to simplify the application. The main advantage of using the fuzzy-technology is its reproducibility, which can be used to further develop, maintain and optimize the tasks like "forecasting", "estimating" and so on.
Serial and parallel resource-constrained projekt scheduling methodes revisited: Theory and computation

We consider the classical resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). The paper gives a detailed algorithmic description and provides theoretical results on two widely known problem specific heuristics: The serial and the parallel scheduling scheme. An in-depth computational study compares both schemes when applied as a deterministic single-pass and a probabilistic multi-pass (sampling) method.
Generalisation of inter-layer intra prediction for scalable video coding

In the scalable video coding (SVC) standard, a simple inter-layer intra prediction (ILIP) method has been adopted to reduce the bit rate of scalable video sequences. Proposed is an improved ILIP method by generalising the original one adopted in the SVC. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce bit rates by 4.1 to 5.9%, compared with the original one, while average PSNR is not decreased.
Modelling compliance in a groundwater pollution problem

A game-theoretic model is developed for improving compliance to environmental laws and regulations in a groundwater pollution conflict, showing how regulatory agencies can carry out their mandate without incurring extra costs. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the possible compliance decisions by a regulated firm in the context of its relationship with an environmental agency. More specifically, the enforcement problem is modelled as a noncooperative game called the enforcement trilemma. The cost-effectiveness of inducing compliance to groundwater pollution regulations is systematically assessed in terms of factors such as the private gain for violators, the costs of inspection for agencies and the social value of encouraging more sustainable development. Systematic policy development for regulatory agencies, especially with reference to environmental protection, is emphasized.
Content-aware packet scheduling for multiuser scalable video delivery over wireless networks

Wireless video transmission is prone to potentially low data rates and unpredictable degradations due to timevarying channel conditions. Such degradations are difficult to overcome using conventional video coding techniques. Scalable video coding offers a flexible bitstream that can be dynamically adapted to fit the prevailing channel conditions. Advances in scalable video compression techniques, such as the newly adopted scalable extension of H.264/AVC, as well as recent advances in wireless access technologies offer possibilities for tackling this challenge. In this paper, a content-aware scheduling and resource allocation scheme is proposed, that uses a gradient-based scheduling framework in conjunction with scalable video coding techniques to provide multiple high quality video streams over a range of operating conditions to multiple users. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than conventional content-independent scheduling techniques.
Out of core dense solvers on Intel parallel supercomputers

Certain engineering problems give rise to systems of linear equations AX=B, where A is a large, dense matrix. ProSolver-DES is an out-of-core dense solver for the Intel iPSC/860 system which was specifically designed for such problems. Recently Intel introduced an alternate slab-style solver which does full column pivoting. The performance of this solver is slightly less than that of ProSolver-DES, but still obtains well over 4 Gflops on a 128-node system. The Paragon-XP/S is Intel's next-generation parallel supercomputer. It provides a quantum leap in performance over the iPSC/860 in all design dimensions. At the same time, the programming model fully supports the message passing model of the iPSC/860, and programs written for the iPSC/860 will run unmodified on the Paragon system. The dense solvers will be available on Paragon and will run significantly faster. <<ETX>>
Adaptive routing algorithm for network load balancing

This paper introduces a routing algorithm which distributes the network traffic for each feasible route based on the reinforcement learning scheme. The aim of this algorithm is to reduce the transfer delay caused by congestion of the network. Most routing algorithms based on the reinforcement learning scheme could not avoid forwarding traffic toward the source of data packets. This property creates transfer loops and a lot of packet loss. In particular, the transfer loop may cause change in the order of packets, and also retransmit on the TCP connection. Thus, we employ a method that estimates the lower boundary of the probability for valid route to the destination, and this lower boundary can be used to reject the routes which cause the transfer loop. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Multimodal Biometric Person Authentication : A Review

Abstract This paper provides a review of multimodal biometric person authentication systems. The paper begins with an introduction to biometrics, its advantages, disadvantages, and authentication system using them. A brief discussion on the selection criteria of different biometrics is also given. This is followed by a discussion on the classification of biometric systems, their strengths, and limitations. Detailed descriptions on the multimodal biometric person authentication system, different modes of operation, and integration scenarios are also provided. Considering the importance of information fusion in multi-biometric approach, a separate section is dedicated on the different levels of fusion, which include sensor-level, feature-level, score-level, rank-level, and abstract-level fusions, and also different rules of fusion. This paper also presents an overview of some performance parameters and error rates for biometric person authentication systems. A separate section is devoted to the recent trends in biometrics field, namely, adaptive biometric system, analysis of complementary and supplementary information, and physiological biometrics. The paper concludes with a discussion on the issues that are currently holding the deployment of multimodal biometric person authentication systems and a possible scope for future work.
Multilevel bipolar high voltage pulse source - interlock dead time reduction

In the paper, a distinctive method of generating high voltage pulses with high du/dt is investigated. The power stage of the proposed source consists of eight individual sources that can be arbitrarily connected in series to obtain the desired magnitude and a one-phase transistor bridge for the selection of the output pulse polarity. A special emphasis is put on the reduction of an interlock dead time when generating bipolar pulses.
An Improved Clustering Method Based on Data Field

By analyzing the problem of k-means, we find the traditional k-means algorithm suffers from some shortcomings, such as requiring the user to give out the number of clusters k in advance, being sensitive to the initial cluster centers, being sensitive to the noise and isolated data, only being applied to the type found in globular clusters, and being easily trapped into a local solution et cetera. This improved algorithm uses the potential of data to find the center data and eliminate the noise data. It decomposes big or extended cluster into several small clusters, then merges adjacent small clusters into a big cluster using the information provided by the Safety Area. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved k-means algorithm can determine the number of clusters, distinguish irregular cluster to a certain extent, decrease the dependence on the initial cluster centers, eliminate the effects of the noise data and get a better clustering accuracy.
Group scheduling and order releasing: Review and foundations for research

Abstract As more batch manufacturers implement cellular manufacturing to enhance their productivity and efficiency, cell management is becoming a critical research issue. One of the most important elements of cell management is the decision concerning how parts should be loaded and dispatched in the cell (group scheduling). This paper describes the characteristics of an effective group scheduling system and proposes a system that encompasses those characteristics. The purpose of the proposed system is twofold. First, the system can be used as a logical basis for developing effective scheduling procedures. Second, it serves as a framework within which to organize and discuss previous research, focusing on identifying the aspects of the problem that have not been adequately covered. The relevant literature is broken down into three areas: order releasing, group scheduling, and scheduling in a sequence-dependent setup environment. Special attention is given to the similarities between group scheduling and sc.
The Role of Coherence Relations and Their Linguistic Markers in Text Processing

When readers process a text, they establish a coherent representation by means of coherence relations. This article focuses on the cognitive status of these relations. In an experiment using reading, verification, and free recall tasks, 2 crucial aspects of the structure of expository texts were investigated: the type of coherence relation between segments (problem-solution vs. list) and the linguistic marking of the relations by means of signaling phrases (implicit vs. explicit). Both factors affected text processing. Problem solution relations lead to faster processing, better verification, and superior recall. Explicit marking of the relations resulted in faster processing but did not affect recall. We conclude that the processing of a text segment depends on the relation it has with preceding segments. The relational marker has an effect during online processing, but its influence decreases over time. This contrasts with the effect of the coherence relation, which is also manifest in the recall.
Cache Consistency and Sequential Consistency

This Technical Report was originally prepared in February 1989 for a tutorial for the IEEE Futurebus Working Group. It was circulated with the Futurebus minutes and later circulated to the IEEE Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Working Group, where it has been referenced as Technical Report Number 61, March 1989. It appears here unchanged except for typographical corrections and minor clarifications.
Mining Hidden Gems beneath the Surface: A Look at the Invisible Web

The future of the information landscape is being shaped by new technologies that store and retrieve information. For many computer users, the Web is their first and last stop in information searching. Searches produce an overwhelming amount of returns, but may have few that are “on target. ” Finding general information may be easy, but depth of information is frequently lacking. This article focuses on describing resources for researchers, called the Invisible Web, that are hidden from usual search tools and contrasting them with those resources available in the surface Web. It then identifies search tools and strategies that can be used to dig beneath the surface of the Web to locate credible, in-depth information. These resources must be accessed using specialized search tools and databases.
Solving for the RC4 stream cipher state register using a genetic algorithm

The RC4 stream cipher has shown to be quite resilient to cryptanalysis for the 26 years it has been around. The algorithm is still one of the most widely used methods of encryption over the Internet today being implemented through the Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security protocols. Genetic algorithms are a sub-class of evolutionary algorithms that have been used to help solve many different problems of optimization in a variety of disciplines. In this paper we will examine the abilities of the genetic algorithm as a tool to help solve the permutation that is stored as the state register of the RC4 stream cipher. Finally, we will show that on average the genetic algorithm can solve 100% of the keystream in 2121:5 generations.
Implementation of a 1.5V low-power clock-jitter insensitive continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator

The design of a low-power clock-jitter insensitive continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator is presented. The circuit uses a time-variant feedback digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to reduce the clock jitter influence. Special care was taken to the overall power consumption of the modulator. In order to show the power efficiency of this technique in comparison to the standard non-retum-to-zero DAC, behavioral simulations considering finite DC-gain, GBW and slew-rate were done. Additional it will be shown that the proposed concept is suitable for very low supply voltages. The modulator operates at a 1.5V power supply and achieves a signal-to-noise+distortion-ratio (SNDR) of 70dB for a 25kHz signal bandwidth. The test chip was realized in a 3.3V, 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS DPTM process.
Performance Analysis of a Repairable Robot Safety System with Standby, Imperfect Coverage and Reboot Delay

The present study deals with a robot safety system composed of standby robot units and inbuilt safety unit. When the main operative unit fails, it is replaced by the standby robot unit available in the system. The concept of reboot delay is also incorporated in this study according to which the robot unit is rebooted if it is not successfully recovered. The recovery and reboot times of failed units, life time of the operative as well as standby units and the repair time are assumed be exponentially distributed. Furthermore, the repair time of partially-failed unit of total system failure is assumed to be arbitrarily distributed. The expressions for the state probabilities, availability, reliability and mean time to failure are derived with the help of Markovian and supplementary variable methods. The occurrence of standby units, imperfect coverage and reboot demonstrates the significant impact on the robot system reliability, availability and mean time to failure. A numerical illustration has been provided to validate the present model as well as to demonstrate the effects of various parameters on the performance measures of the robot safety system.
Biased polar questions in English and Japanese

This paper focuses on one particular use-conditional aspect of question meanings: biases associated with different kinds of polar questions (PQs). It commences with a review of Ladd? s dichotomy of positively and negatively biased PQs in English, and claims that although correct, it is not detailed enough to characterize the intricacy of the biases involved in various kinds of PQs in English. Two major types of bias should be recognized, each of which can be positive or negative. A feature-based theory that successfully describes the biases of basic kinds of PQs in English is presented. The paper also presents further empirical support for the proposed system from Japanese PQs, some of which have biases that are not observed with simple forms of PQs in English. It proposes a novel feature-based description system that is fine-grained enough to characterize various flavors of biases that different forms of PQs encode in natural languages. Keywords:biases; English; Japanese; natural languages; polar questions (PQs); use-conditional question meanings
Development of coherency-based time-domain equivalent model using structure constraints

A new method is proposed to develop dynamic equivalents of coherent machines represented by detailed models. The method estimates the parameters of an equivalent synchronous machine and an equivalent excitation system using a noniterative procedure. The equivalent parameters are determined by structure preservation of the coefficient matrices in a time-domain representation of the machines. The development of dynamic equivalents by the reported procedure requires much less computation time than the existing frequency-domain procedure. The derived equivalent can be used with conventional transient stability programs without any modification. Validation test of the proposed equivalencing procedure on a 50 machine power system is reported in the paper.