Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on value of third-party reverse logistics

Original manufacturer can recycling returned products by himself or outsource this work to a third-party. Different recycling pattern have unequal impact on original manufacturer's profit. Therefore, it is particular important for original manufacturer to determine whether he should cooperate with a third-party under fixed products' price and yield. And it's also important for original manufacturer to decide its price and yield to achieve optimal profits when recycling has already been outsourced to third-party. In this paper the entire reverse logistics is divided into early period of recycling and late period of core-parts remanufacturing. Using mathematical models and optimization methods, the paper studies products' yield and price in order to achieve the optimal profit under two strategies: one of them is completing recycling independently by original manufacturers and another one is outsourcing some steps of the reverse logistics to the third-party. The paper also finds out the conditions which can optimize original manufacturer's profit when recycling is outsourced to the third-party and educes the outsourcing price which can benefits both the original manufacturer and the third-party.
Explicit and Implicit Antecedents of Users' Behavioral Beliefs in Information Systems: A Neuropsychological Investigation

Behavioral beliefs—perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use—have been identified as the most influential antecedents of individuals' information systems use intentions and behaviors within the technology acceptance model. However, little research has been aimed at investigating the implicit (automatic or unconscious) determinants of such cognitive beliefs, and more importantly, the potential nonlinear relationships of such antecedents with explicit (perceptual) ones. As such, this paper theorizes that implicit neurophysiological states—memory load and distraction— and explicit—engagement and frustration—antecedents interact in the formation of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. To test the study's hypotheses, we conducted an experiment that measured neurophysiological states while individuals worked on instrumental and hedonic tasks using technology. The results show that, as theorized, implicit and explicit constructs interact together, and thus have a nonlinear effect on behavioral beliefs. Specifically, when engagement is high, neurophysiological distraction does not statistically significantly affect perceived usefulness, whereas when engagement is low, neurophysiological distraction has a negative and significant effect on usefulness. The results also show that when frustration is high, neurophysiological memory load has a negative effect on perceived ease of use, whereas when it is low, neurophysiological memory load has a positive effect on perceived ease of use. This study makes several contributions to acceptance research and the emerging field of NeuroIS, including demonstration of the importance of emotional perceptions for moderating the effects of neurophysiological states on behavioral beliefs.
Metallothionein protects against the cytotoxic and DNA-damaging effects of nitric oxide.

In inflammatory states, nitric oxide (.NO) may be synthesized from precursor L-arginine via inducible . NO synthase (iNOS) in large amounts for prolonged periods of time. When . NO acts as an effector molecule under these conditions, it may be toxic to cells by inhibition of iron-containing enzymes or initiation of DNA single-strand breaks. In contrast to molecular targets of . NO, considerably less is known regarding mechanisms by which cells become resistant to . NO. Metallothionein (MT), the major protein thiol induced in cells exposed to cytokines and bacterial products, is capable of forming iron-dinitrosyl thiolates in vitro. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of MT reduces the sensitivity of NIH 3T3 cells to the . NO donor, S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine (SNAP), and to . NO released from cells (NIH 3T3-DFG-iNOS) after infection with a retroviral vector expressing human iNOS gene. There was a 4-fold increase in MT in cells transfected with the mouse MT-1 gene (NIH 3T3/MT) compared to cells transfected with the promoter-free inverted gene (NIH 3T3/TM). NIH 3T3/MT cells were more resistant than NIH 3T3/TM cells to the cytotoxic effects of SNAP (0.1-1.0 mM) or . NO released from NIH 3T3-DFG-iNOS cells. A brief (1 h) exposure to 10 mM SNAP caused DNA single-strand breaks that were 9-fold greater in NIH 3T3/TM compared to NIH 3T3/MT cells. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of NIH 3T3 cells revealed a greater peak at g = 2.04 (e.g., iron-dinitrosyl complex) in NIH 3T3/MT than NIH 3T3/TM cells. These data are consistent with a role for cytoplasmic MT in interacting with . NO and reducing . NO-induced cyto- and nuclear toxicity.
Insight for impairment in independent living skills in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.

Dementing diseases cause a deterioration in the capacity for independent living skills (ILS). The present study investigated the level of insight in ILS impairment in 12 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 12 multi-infarct dementia (MID) patients, and 12 normal elderly controls, using two different measurement techniques: informant report and patient self-report. Pairwise comparisons at the . 05 level revealed a significantly greater loss of insight for ILS impairment in AD patients as compared to both controls and MID patients. Additional analyses revealed that loss of insight, operationally defined as the discrepancy between informant report and patient self-report, was not significantly related to age, education, mental status, or level of depression, but was significantly related to degree of caregiver burden. These results indicate that intervention strategies are needed that take into consideration the level of patient insight for ILS impairment, as well as the caregiver's perception of the patient's capabilities and the degree of burden experienced by the caregiver.
A molecularly cloned hepatitis B virus produced in vitro is infectious in a chimpanzee

The infectivity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) produced in vitro by HepG2 cells transfected with HBV DNA (HepG2T14) has been assayed in a chimpanzee. Following inoculation, the chimpanzee underwent a typical course of type B hepatitis infection, characterized by elevation of serum aminotransferases and by histological identification of hepatic damage. Hepatitis B surface antigen and core-related antigen appeared in the serum at weeks 5 and 7, respectively, after infection. HBV DNA was detected in serum samples, and replicative forms of the HBV genome were identified in liver biopsies. Subtype identification of hepatitis B surface antigen and restriction enzyme analysis of HBV DNA in both the inoculum and the serum of the infected chimpanzee confirmed that the hepatitis B infection observed in this animal was caused by viral particles produced by HepG2T14 cells. These findings indicate that, although HepG2 cells do not seem to be susceptible to infection by HBV in vitro, they can produce biologically active infectious virions after transfection with cloned HBV DNA.
Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

There have been significant advances in our understanding of the biology of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and to a lesser extent, in its treatment. Dr. Estey has provided an excellent overview of the current state of the clinical management of the disease. He has described both the standard therapeutic approaches, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as the role of investigational therapy. The present state of clinical research in AML is reviewed in some detail in the context of the broad clinical investigation of the disease at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Dr. Estey makes a strong argument for the early consideration of investigational therapy, focusing on patients for whom "standard" therapy is demonstrably inadequate.
Genetics and Physiology of a tolE Mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 and Phenotypic Suppression of Its Phenotype by Galactose

The tolE mutation causes tolerance to colicins E2 and E3 as well as other effects on the phenotype of Escherichia coli K-12. The lipopolysaccharide of the mutant shows a reduction in the content of galactose, glucose, and rhamnose. The phenotype of the mutant, including the composition of the lipopolysaccharide, is suppressed by galactose. The map position is shown by the gene order trp-purB-tolE-tolD-galKETO.
A 3.6pJ/b 56Gb/s 4-PAM receiver with 6-Bit TI-SAR ADC and quarter-rate speculative 2-tap DFE in 32 nm CMOS

This paper describes the implementation of a 4-level pulse-amplitude-modulation (4-PAM) receiver consisting of a 6-bit time-interleaved successive-approximation analog-to-digital converter (TI-SAR ADC), followed by a fully digital speculative 2-tap decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) operating at one-fourth of the modulation rate. The receiver, implemented in an experimental chip fabricated in 32 nm SOI CMOS, is designed to recover data at 56Gb/s over a channel with an attenuation of 11 dB at 14 GHz. The power consumption of the receiver is 202.7 mW at a supply of 1.2 V, achieving an overall energy efficiency of 3.62 pJ/b. The DFE along with area-optimized register arrays and memory-control buffers occupies an area of 0.154×0.169 mm2. Experimental results demonstrating a BER<;10-8 are obtained using a (27-1)-bit pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS-7).
Sulfenome mining in Arabidopsis thaliana

Significance When oxygen gets incompletely reduced, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated. These ROS molecules can harm the building blocks of the cell but are also important signaling molecules. Until now, the ROS language of the cell has not been understood and a clear view is needed on how the cell differentiates metabolic ROS noise from ROS that allows signaling, regulation, and protection. To address this question, we focused on Arabidopsis thaliana and identified the proteins that react with hydrogen peroxide on the thiol of the amino acid cysteine, which after reaction forms a sulfenic acid. The characterization of the plant sulfenome improves the understanding of important ROS signaling pathways. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to be potent signaling molecules. Today, oxidation of cysteine residues is a well-recognized posttranslational protein modification, but the signaling processes steered by such oxidations are poorly understood. To gain insight into the cysteine thiol-dependent ROS signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent sulfenome: that is, proteins with at least one cysteine thiol oxidized to a sulfenic acid. By means of a genetic construct consisting of a fusion between the C-terminal domain of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) AP-1–like (YAP1) transcription factor and a tandem affinity purification tag, we detected ∼100 sulfenylated proteins in Arabidopsis cell suspensions exposed to H2O2 stress. The in vivo YAP1-based trapping of sulfenylated proteins was validated by a targeted in vitro analysis of DEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE2 (DHAR2). In DHAR2, the active site nucleophilic cysteine is regulated through a sulfenic acid-dependent switch, leading to S-glutathionylation, a protein modification that protects the protein against oxidative damage.
FoxH 1 role on Left-Right Asymmetry 2013 |

Left-Right (LR) asymmetry is a conserved feature across the Bilateria and is characterized by differential morphogenesis and positioning of internal organs across the LR axis. This pattern is established during early embryogenesis and involves a number of highly regulated developmental mechanisms. Based on the fact that initially all organisms appear morphologically symmetric (zygotes or early embryos), a major question emerged: how symmetry is broken internally and which is the first asymmetric event? Studies performed on different model organisms suggest that distinct symmetric-breaking mechanisms may occur during their early development. In vertebrates, regulation of LR asymmetry downstream of symmetry-breaking seems to be conserved between different taxa and many reports show that it is established through the Nodal signalling molecule. Nodal starts being expressed symmetrically and then becomes asymmetrically expressed on the left side of lateral plate mesoderm at the early somite stage in chordates. However this is not true for Echinodermata, Nodal is always expressed asymmetrically and is found only on the right side. In the protostome models C. elegans and D. melanogaster Nodal has not been found, and hence it was thought that probably it evolved within the early deuterostome lineage. However, recently an orthologue of Nodal was found in snails (Mollusca) and it was shown that it also plays a role in left-right asymmetry, demonstrating it is of much earlier evolutionary origin. Pitx is a mediator of Nodal and it is involved in many processes related with the asymmetric growth. FoxH1 is a transcription factor that despite not being a canonical member of Nodal signalling pathway has been shown to modulate Nodal expression in vertebrates. The main goal of my project is to characterise FoxH1, Nodal and Pitx expression pattern across three different animals, Patella, Amphioxus and Lamprey during early embryo development and address if FoxH1 plays a role on Nodal signalling in protostomes. Key-Words: Left-Right asymmetry, FoxH1, Nodal
Type and location of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations influence clinical characteristics and disease outcome of acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract Mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The aim of our study was to investigate the frequency and prognostic effect of IDH1/2 mutations together followed by an individual analysis of each substitution in a Hungarian cohort consisting of 376 patients with AML. IDH1mut and IDH2mut were mutually exclusive, detected in 8.5% and 7.5% of cases, respectively. IDH1/2mut was associated with: older age (p = 0.001), higher average platelet count (p = 0.001), intermediate karyotype (p < 0.0001), NPM1mut (p = 0.022) and lower mRNA expression level of ABCG2 gene (p = 0.006). Overall survival (OS), remission and relapse rates were not different in IDH1mut or IDH2mut vs. IDHneg. IDH1mut and IDH2mut were associated differently with NPM1mut; co-occurrence was observed in 14.3% of IDH1 R132C vs. 70% of R132H carriers (p = 0.02) and in 47.4% of IDH2 R140Q vs. 0% of R172K carriers (p = 0.02). IDH1 R132H negatively influenced OS compared to IDHneg (p = 0.02) or R132C (p = 0.019). Particular amino acid changes affecting the same IDH1 codon influence the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in AML.
OSCE: the Dundee experience

The Dundee Medical School has been running OSCEs since 1977. In 1995, an integrated systems-based spiral curriculum on the core and options model was introduced. In 1997, outcome-based education was introduced as the basis for instruction, with a task-based educational strategy employed for students in years 4 and 5. This blend of educational strategies was considered in the design of the student assessment process. Assessment instruments, appropriate for use at each of the four levels of Miller's pyramid, were identified and included in the assessment process. The OSCE was used for summative assessment of students at the level of 'shows how' or simulation in years 2, 3 and 4. A year 2 OSCE is described here. Features of the Dundee OSCE are identified, relating to number and length of individual stations, practicalities or assessing a year group of students without student contamination with examination information and the blueprints used to design the examinations. Suggestions made for future development of the OSCE include the OSSE, the Objective Structured Selection Examination, and an exploration of the potential of the OSCE to assess attitudes, personal attributes and professionalism. The need is identified for a platform to debate issues such as should individual medical schools attempt to achieve national test centre standards with their examinations.
Thickness-dependent Curie temperature of Gd(0001)/W(110) and its dependence on the growth conditions.

The Curie temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{C}}$ of 5\char21{}100 monolayers Gd is determined by in situ ac-susceptibility (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{\mathrm{ac}}$) measurements. ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{C}}$ of properly annealed layer-by-layer-grown Gd films decreases as a function of film thickness in the same way as is usually found from finite-size effects in other ferromagnets. Sharp cusps in the susceptibility as a function of temperature are measured. The shape of the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{\mathrm{ac}}$ signal and the Curie temperature is strongly dependent on the growth mode and on the annealing procedure after deposition at room temperature. These results are compared to our earlier experiments on Gd films grown at elevated substrate temperatures.
A Broader Perspective on Three Lifespan Theories: Comment on Boerner and Jopp

Assimilative and accommodative coping Lifespan theories of developmental regulation Metamodel of selection, optimization, and compensation Model of optimization in primary and secondary control Why do some people develop ‘better’ or ‘more successfully’ than others? This question has intrigued psychologists and philosophers for a long time. The advance-ment of modern lifespan psychology in the 1980s has brought momentum to theo-retical elaborations of two aspects:
Temperature along the surface of modified fiber tips for Nd:YAG laser angioplasty

For laser angioplasty probes, the thermal properties of the probes will primarily determine their mechanism of action. We examined the absorption, temperature increase, and probe degradation of transparent contact probes (hemispherical contact probe and ball‐shaped fibers) and metal laser probes coupled to a continuous‐wave Nd‐YAG laser. Temperature was recorded by means of thermocouples and the measurements were corrected for direct light absorption by the thermocouple. During 15 W, 1 s exposure, the peak temperature rise of the hemispherical contact probe in contact with tissue dropped from approximately 1,000°C at the front end to below 45°C (95% drop) at the lateral side. In contrast, during continuous exposure the peak temperature rise of metal laser probes in contact with tissue dropped from 560°C at the front end to near 400°C (30%drop) at the 5.5 mm proximal rear end. During exposure in blood or tissue, the transparent contact probes became contaminated. Their absorption increased from 5 to 33% and the probe deteriorated. Repeated use of metal laser probes in blood resulted in a higher temperature at the rear than at the front end due to backburing of the fiber. Owing to the large temperature drop along the surface of transparent contact probes, the area of thermal destruction is limited to the tissue in front of the probe, whereas along the entire surface of metal laser probes the tissue will be affected. The large difference between these temperature distributions should be respected during clinical application of the transparant contact probe and the metal laser probe.
Compressive Sensing Aided Determination of OFDM Achievable Rate

In our previous work, we studied a novel approach employing compressive sensing to reduce the dimensionality of a convex optimisation problem, where the optimal feasible solution from a feasible subset of R^N is S-sparse, S<<N. This approach is also applicable if we wish to perform an "S-sparse optimisation", minimising a convex objective function over an S-sparse subset of the feasible set in R^N. In this paper, we provide an alternative derivation leading to an equivalent optimisation problem for a convex optimisation problem with an S-sparse optimal feasible solution. We first transform the original optimisation problem formulated in R^N into an equivalent problem in an "incoherent" domain in R^N. Then, we maximise the objective function using an arbitrary M-component subset of coordinates, i.e. function arguments. We apply the proposed method to reduce the dimensionality of a relevant information theory optimisation problem, the determination of the single user achievable rate for a multi-band multi-user OFDM system over a doubly-dispersive WSSUS fading channel. The vector channel model used is derived using WSSUS spaced-time spaced-frequency correlation function, which models fading decorrelation both in time and in frequency. The data symbols transmitted via OFDM signal tones have a finite alphabet.
Harm reduction theories and strategies for control of human immunodeficiency virus: a review of the literature.

AIM To provide a comprehensive review of the literature on harm reduction theories and strategies related primarily to licit and illicit drug use. BACKGROUND Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) disease transmission is well understood, it continues to spread, particularly among injection drug users (IDUs). Despite early indications that HIV would be contained within the IDU community, it is spreading to non-IDU sexual partners and to children of IDUs, threatening a more widespread epidemic. METHODS An examination of research studies and theoretical writings including reviews and policy papers published in English between 1990 and 2000. RESULTS Harm reduction does not seek to eliminate drug use; it focuses on minimizing the personal and social harms and costs associated with drug use and spread of HIV. It seeks to ameliorate conditions surrounding drug use responsible for the spread of HIV in the IDU community: unequal access to health services; sharing of infected needles; racial and social discrimination; poverty; exposure to street violence; inadequate housing; lack of employment; poor general or mental health and other demographic and social determinants. Some controversial harm reduction strategies are described: methadone maintenance programmes, illegal drugs dispensing under controlled conditions, needle exchanges, HIV testing, vein maintenance, safe-sex and would-care programmes. CONCLUSION The main challenge is to get IDUs to protect themselves against HIV when suffering physical and social privations and addiction needs. Diverse perspectives on harm reduction are problematic with consequences for success of drug use initiatives. Practical, ethical and theoretical complexities exist but further research is needed to build support for a harm-reduction orientation in practice and policy formulation.
Simulation Design of Separator for the Treatment of Emulsions

A prototype model of an emulsion separator was designed and manufactured. Generally, it is a cylin der filled with different fractal modules. The emulsion was fed in to the reactor by a peristaltic pump through an inlet placed at the bou ndary between the two phases. For hydrodynamic design and sizing of the reactor the assumptions of the theory of filtration were used and methods to describe the separation process were developed. Ba sed on this methodology and using numerical methods and softwar e of Autodesk the process is simulated in different operating mo des. The basic hydrodynamic characteristics speed and performanc e for different types of fractal systems and decisions to optimize the design of the reactor were also defined. Keywords—fractal systems, reactor, separation, emulsions