Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF JOB STRESSORSIN MALE PRE-HOSPITAL EMERGENCY TECHNICIANS

Introduction: Emergency technicians meet various physical and psychological stresses in a working day which may affect their health and occupational qualification. This research was carried out to investigate the most common burn-out factors in EMS technicians and make a plan to reduce these stressors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done to determine the individual, interpersonal, directional, environmental and patient care job stressors in 173 EMS technicians in 2009 in Mashhad, north eastern part of Iran. To collect data, standardized job stressors questionnaire for nurses had been modified for pre-hospital EMS technicians by two pilot studies. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, using chi square, Pearson correlation and ANOVA tests. Results: The most common job stressors were insufficient resting time, facility insufficiencies, not having a precise occupational evaluation, shortage of personnel, dealing with contaminants and employment status. Directional and environmental job stressors had the most severe stressor effects, while interpersonal factors had the least effect. Job stressors were significantly related with age (P=0.0001), employment status (P=0.0000) and consecutive working shifts (P=0.0013). Conclusion: Dِespite of personnel of hospitals, in EMS technicians, stress is intensified by directional and environmental factors.
Older adult recovery: “What are we working towards?”

Purpose – The perspectives of frontline clinical staff working with individuals in later life within an inpatient mental health setting, of their role in recovery, have not yet been explored. The purpose of this paper is to understand what recovery means within an inpatient mental health setting for older adults. The authors address clear implications for clinical practice. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 multidisciplinary participants across two specialist older adult recovery units at an independent hospital in the UK. Thematic analysis was applied to the transcripts. Findings – Three main themes were identified: participants identified their normative task as the promotion of “moving on” (clinical recovery) and their existential task as personal recovery. The context in which recovery happens was highlighted as the third theme. These represented competing workplace goals of clinical and personal recovery. This highlights the need to give permission to per.
Psychiatric comorbidity on cocaine/crack-dependent and alcoholics: an exploratory study

There is a frequent occurrence of psychiatric comorbidity to substance abuse/ dependence, leading to an unfavorable prognosis in the treatment of this disorder. The goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence of psychiatric comorbidity among 31 crack/cocaine (48.4%) and alcohol dependence (51.6%). The psychiatric diagnoses were made through the Mini Internactional Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). The present sample was composed mainly by males (84%), with ages ranging from 20 to 56 years (M=37.3; SD=10.7). The results showed that 83.9% of the subjects had another mental disorder along with substance abuse/dependence. The most frequent comorbidities were Major Depressive Episode (25.8%), Substance Induced Mood Disorder (22.6%), and Specifi c Phobia (19.4%). The outcomes of this study suggest that intervention strategies to substance abuse/dependence patients should take into consideration the need to evaluate mental disorder comorbidity within this population.
Quantitative Measurements of Oxygen Tension in Normal Tissues and in the Tumours of Patients before and after Radiotherapy

The importance of oxygen tension to radiosensitivity is now a well recognized fact. HOLLCROFT, LORENZ and MATHEWS (1952) and GRAY, CONGER, EBERT, HORNSEY and SCOTT (1953) refocussed attention on the earlier findings of CRABTREE and CRAMER (1933) and MOTTRAM (1935 and 1936). GRAY et coll. showed that the sensitivity of tumour cells to roentgen rays was about three times as great when they were irradiated in a well oxygenated medium as under anoxic conditions, a figure closely comparable with that found by other workers for plant and insect tissues. The rationale of the use of oxygen in radiotherapy is that it might increase the oxygen tension of anoxic parts of the tumour and make these as sensitive to radiation as the well oxygenated parts and thus might increase the cure rate. GRAY (1957) has reviewed the radiobiology of the oxygen effect, and MITCHELL (1957 a) has used oxygen administered at atmospheric pressure as a radiosensitizer in radiotherapy either alone or in combination with injections of Synkavit (tetrasodium 2-methyl-l: 4 naphthohydroquinone diphosphate) since 1953. CHURCHILL-DAVIDSON,
The role of inflammatory mediators in the overactive and bladder pain syndromes

Title The role of inflammatory mediators in the overactive and bladder pain syndromes Author(s) Offiah, Ifeoma Publication date 2015 Original citation Offiah, I. 2015. The role of inflammatory mediators in the overactive and bladder pain syndromes. PhD Thesis, University College Cork. Type of publication Doctoral thesis Rights © 2015. Ifeoma Offiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
Anxiety and Hope to Life in Open Heart Surgery Patients-A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Open heart surgery patients experience too much mental pressure, so this study has been made to investigate the relation between the anxiety and hope to life in open heart surgery patients. Methods: This study is a cross sectional study. Eighty patients, who have been the candidates for open-heart surgery in Fatemeh Zahra hospital in Sari-Iran, were selected through convenience sampling method. The data collection instruments included standard questionnaires to measure life hope, anxiety and life expectancy. The data were analyzed MANCOVA and Pierson. Results: Theresults showed that there was no significant statistical difference between anxiety scores and hope to life before open-heart surgery and a month after that (P>0.005). In addition, the correlation intensity between anxiety and hope to life was reversed, defective and significant (P=0.000 and r=-0.930). Conclusion: The finding of present study indicated that open-heart surgery patients have tolerated and experienced too much anxiety and also have low hope to life, therefore, they need more training and social and family support. Key words: Anxiety, Hope, Open heart surgery, Life expectancy, Stress.
Study of the antimicrobial sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumanii in "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital, year 2006

Acinetobacter baumanii is a microorganism that is acquiring a great relevance as a nosocomial pathogen. It has developed a great increase of antimicrobial resitance that makes difficult to find an effective drug capable of covering all the severe infections it produces, leading to therapeutical failure in many cases. That is why we carried out a characterization study of Acinetobacter baumanii strains, isolated from patients admitted to determine their sensitivity level to a wide range of antibiotics. The diagnostic tests were performed using API system, with ID 32 GTN and ATB GN 5 galleries. There were identified 72 strains, which showed high levels of resistance against the assayed antibiotics. More than 65% percent of resistance to β-lactamics was obtained. The less active antibiotics within this group were Amoxicillin, Ticarcillin, Piperacillin, Cefotaxime, and Cefuroxime, with 100% de resistance in all the cases. Cyprofloxacine, the only quinolone tested, showed 100% of resistance. Among the aminoglycosides, Amikacin was the most effective antimicrobial agent, and that with the lowest resistance. The carbapenemics, imipenem and meropenem had also high values of resistance (52.8% and 55.2%, respectively).
Optimizing platelet inhibition

The platelet P2Y12 receptor plays a critical role in sustaining ADP-mediated platelet aggregation. Drawbacks of the thienopyridine clopidogrel, a prodrug of an irreversible P2Y12 antagonist, include the need for two-step metabolism to its active form and partial hydrolysis to its inactive metabolite. Both contribute to high variability in the degree of platelet inhibition and the irreversibility of binding complicates both acute and planned invasive treatments when rapid offset of antiplatelet activity is desired. Novel P2Y12 antagonists include the thienopyridine prasugrel and the selective, direct, reversible antagonists cangrelor (iv) and AZD6140 (oral). Prasugrel, also an irreversible antagonist, requires only one-step metabolism to active form and achieves greater inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) than clopidogrel. Recently published data indicate that this translates into improved efficacy. Like clopidogrel, prasugrel relies on new platelet generation for offset of effect. The direct reversible antagonists bind directly to the receptor, and the degree of IPA closely follows plasma drug concentrations. In addition to permitting more rapid offset of effect and greater and more consistent IPA than clopidogrel, direct reversible antagonists may exert additional beneficial effects via blockade of P2Y12 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Reversible antagonists also appear to exhibit a wider therapeutic window, showing reduced bleeding time prolongation per given degree of antithrombotic effect in experimental models. Ongoing large-scale Phase 3 clinical trials are examining cangrelor in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) also undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and AZD6140 in ACS patients being treated with medical therapy, PCI, or coronary artery bypass grafting.
Present Investigation

Hjortsjö's segmental division of the liver can be recognised angiographically. His division has been used in previous studies, carried out at this department, concerning the bile ducts ( N O R M A N 1951) and the portal vein (BERGSTRAND 1957). It will be employed here, too, with the exception that the Regio dorsalis and the Regio centralis will be taken together under the name of caudate lobe. In order to dispel the confusion caused by the variety of definitions used by different authors, the nomenclature used here is described below. The right liver lobe consists of the ventrocranial, intermediate and dorsocaudal segments (Hjortsjö) and is supplied by the right hepatic artery or arteries. The left liver lobe comprises the medial and lateral portions (Hjortsjö) and is supplied by the left hepatic artery or arteries. The coeliac trunk is an arterial trunk in the widest sense of the term and gives off at least 2 of the following arteries: common hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery, superior mesenteric artery. The coeliac artery is the artery that gives off the common hepatic artery and the splenic and/or left gastric artery. The common hepatic artery. This term designates the hepatic artery after its origin from the coeliac artery, aorta, superior mesenteric or left gastric artery until it gives off the gastroduodenal artery (ANDERS LUNDERQUIST 1965) irrespective of the presence or absence of supplementary arteries. The proper hepatic artery is that part of the hepatic artery between the origin of the gastroduodenal artery and that of the last artery to the left lobe (COUINAUD 1957).
Teachers’ perspectives towards use of technology, the case of GeoGebra in teaching Mathematics in Kenya

This study looks at GeoGebra as a type of technology and assesses teachers’ perspectives towards training and use of GeoGebra as a tool to enhance learning of mathematics. This paper is reporting the findings of a larger study that was conducted in Kajiado County in Kenya on GeoGebra use in teaching Secondary School Mathematics. The study sought to relate teachers’ perceptions towards uptake of technology and the actual uptake of technology as indicated by the Diffusion Innovation Model. The findings after training sessions with the mathematics teachers showed that the mathematics teachers were willing to use GeoGebra in their classes. The teachers said that among all topics, they felt that Geometry was the most complicated to teach and that GeoGebra was a welcome solution to this problem. Teachers’ responses indicated that GeoGebra is useful for teaching and learning Mathematics and that it would help learners grasp concepts in Geometry.
Radiation Cataract following Fractionated Radium Therapy in Childhood

Recent nuclear physics developments have greatly increased the interest in the hazards of ionizing radiation in medical radiology. Attention has been directed particularly to the radiosensitive cells of the gonads, the haemopoietic tissues, and the lens of the eye. CUALUPECKY in 1897 described the first experimentally induced cases of radiation cataract. Eight years later, GDTMAN & TRKUTLER reported the first case of radiation cataract in man. In 1931 BLEGVAD reported the first case which had occurred in Denmark. In the same year DESJARDIN and in 1942 POPPE published comprehensive surveys on this subject. Thus, in the early forties less than 100 human cases had been reported, and in most of them data regarding the radiation dose were scanty or lacking. During the past decade about a further 150 cases have been published (1,5,6, 12, 15, 18, 19). In addition, there arc more than 400 cases as sequelae from the Japanese atomic bomb explosions (7, 13). While the early cases were invariably induced by roentgen rays or radium, manv recent cases have been caused bv neutron irradiation. This form of therapy has been used to some extent" in the United States, and
Incidence of pressure ulcer in patients who were admitted to open heart cardiac surgery intensive care unit

Background and aims: Cardiac surgery patients are at high risk of pressure ulcers. In the present study, we determined the incidence of pressure ulcer in patients who were admitted to open heart cardiac surgery intensive care unit and related risk factors. Methods: With using convenience sampling all the eligible patients who were admitted to Boali cardiac surgery during June to August 2015 were invited to participate in this study. Patients’ skins were assessed using pressure ulcer staging system developed by National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) and Braden scale before operation, after operation (in time of cardiac intensive care unit admission) and one times per day to patients discharge for sign of pressure ulcer development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and independent t-test in SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results: During 3 months, 70 patients who were eligible were admitted to cardiac intensive care unit. From all, in 32 (45.7%) patient’s pressure ulcer was seen. From those, 41.4% were in stage I and 4.3% were in stage II. Mean score of Braden score in time of ICU admission was 11.1±2.3 and 15.1±2.3 in patients with and without pressure ulcer development (P<0.001). Factors such as lower Braden Scale score (P=0.001), diabetes (P=0.01), hypertension (P=0.001), NPO time after surgery (P=0.006), mean time of surgery (P=0.007), mean time of need to mechanical ventilation after surgery (P=0.003), low ejection fraction (P=0.006) and lower level of hemoglobin after surgery (P=0.012) increased the risk of pressure ulcer development significantly. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that patients who were admitted to open heart cardiac surgery intensive care unit are at high risk of pressure ulcer development. Medical and care-giving teams in the cardiac intensive care unit need further education about risk factors of pressure ulcer development to prevent this.
Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Risks and Benefits

Eccentric contractions, characterized by the lengthening of the muscle-tendon complex, present several unique features compared with other types of contractions, which may lead to unique adaptations. Due to its specific physiological and mechanical properties, there is an increasing interest in employing eccentric muscle work for rehabilitation and clinical purposes. However, unaccustomed eccentric exercise is known to cause muscle damage and delayed pain, commonly defined as “Delayed-Onset Muscular Soreness” (DOMS). To date, the most useful preventive strategy to avoid these adverse effects consists of repeating sessions involving submaximal eccentric contractions whose intensity is progressively increased over the training. Despite an increased number of investigations focusing on the eccentric contraction, a significant gap still remains in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the initial damage response and subsequent adaptations to eccentric exercise. Yet, unraveling the molecular basis of exercise-related muscle damage and soreness might help uncover the mechanistic basis of pathological conditions as myalgia or neuromuscular diseases. In addition, a better insight into the mechanisms governing eccentric training adaptations should provide invaluable information for designing therapeutic interventions and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Conditions Among the Adult U.S. Population: Considerations for Physical Therapists.

Study Design: Retrospective, Cross-sectional. Objectives: Identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions (MSC) among the non-institutionalized U.S. population using an expanded set of ICD-9-CM codes that correspond to the range of conditions seen in Physical Therapist (PT) Practice. Examine prevalence rates among adults and older adults (65 years and older). Background: MSCs are the most common health problem in the U.S. and prevalence increases with age. Previous studies examining MSC prevalence were based on a limited set of conditions seen by physicians, therefore may not be representative of those who receive PT services. Disease prevalence is used to determine resource allocation for health care services. Methods and Measures: Data from the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS-HC) were used, including all respondents with a diagnosed MSC (ICD-9-CM codes). Descriptive analyses were used to examine MSC prevalence, by year, from 1997 through 2000. Results: Final weighted samples ranged from N=75.5 to 80.6 million. The prevalence of MSCs was higher among all adults (34-36%) and adults 65 years and older (52-54%) than has been previously reported. Conclusions: Higher prevalence of MSCs has implications when determining overall health care costs as well as workforce needs within the physical therapy profession. HPA Resource/HPA Journal 2009; 9(2): J1 – J8. ] Michael P. Johnson, PT, PhD, OCS; Stephen Metraux, PhD
REVIEW ON DATURA METEL : A POTENTIAL MEDICINAL PLANT

Plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda, traditional medicine, tribal medicine and other Bangladeshi literatures mention the use of plants in the treatment of various human ailments. Bangladesh has about 6,000 plant species and among them, around five thousands have been claimed to possess medicinal properties. Researches conducted in the last few decades on exploring plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for treating diseases is increasing. Datura metel is well known for its insecticidal, herbicidal, anti*fungal, anti*bacterial, anti*cancer, anti*inflammatory and anti*rheumatoid activity. Datura is also rich in Alkaloidal compounds. The present paper summarizes the phyto*c hemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological actions of the plant Datura metel.
Treatment with Bacteriophages of Experimentally-Infected Mice Caused by Antibiotic-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

After discovery of bacteriophages, a great deal of faith was placed on their use for treatment of bacterial infections. However, by administration of antibiotics, use of phage as antibacterial agent has been ignored. After many years, the idea of phage therapy and prophylaxis was renewed recently because of increasing antibiotic resistance. In this study we have investigated the potential of phages for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice. A strain of P. aeruginosa was used which was resistant to many of routinely-used antibiotics. Bacteriophage was originally isolated from sewage by standard methods using mentioned strain of P. aeruginosa as host. Pathogen-free mice were chose at 3 wks of age. First approximate lethal dose 50% of this strain of P. aeruginosa were surveyed (around 10 CFU). In our experiment, we used a much higher dose (10 CFU) so that it could kill 100% of non-treated mice. Two groups of 10 mice (case and control) were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10 CFU of P. aeruginosa. In the case group, 10 PFU of phage particles was inoculated into peritoneal cavity, at the meantime and every 12h up to 4 doses. After inoculation of mice with 10 CFU of P. aeruginosa, they became ill and eventually, collapsed within 24h of inoculation. When both P. aeruginosa and phage (10 CFU of bacteria and 10 PFU of phage) were administered simultanously followed by 4 other doses of 10 PFU of phage every 12h, no mortality was observed at all. The numbers of dead mice in the control and treated groups were 10 and 0, respectively. We concluded that in mice which inoculated with P. aeruginosa, bacteriophage administration showed significant protection against mortality. Studying the kinetics of bacterium and phage multiplication in these mice showed that in the absence of phage the P. aeruginosa multiplied in mice almost as fast as in broth culture. When phage was given to these mice intraperitoneally, the phage multiplied rapidly on the bacteria and prevented massive multiplication, resulting in a decline in bacterial numbers. This study have confirmed that a bacteriophage which is active and lytic in vitro against P. aeruginosa was very effective in preventing and treating peritonitis with this strain in mice. Although the sample sized used in this study was not large, it seems likely that the use of phage in mice is able to control infection. The results indicate that bacteriophages have the potential for the prevention and/or treatment of certain bacterial infections of animals and of humans, at large. Further experiences are warrented to clear the role of phage in phagtherapy and prophylaxis for infection. Because of the increasing problems of bacterial disease and bacterial antibiotic resistance worldwide, it would seem timely to begin to look afresh at this approach and begin a period of renewed and rational assessment.
Refractive surprise due to incorrect labelling

The cataract surgery has evolved in the last few years. The development of advanced formulas for the calculation of the intraocular lens and the ever increasingly accurate measuring tools worldwide allow reaching good postoperative refractive results for the patient that, as a rule, is emetropia. However, even with the best measuring techniques and the best trained surgeons, we are not exempted from unwanted postsurgical result for the patient and the surgeon as well, which is known as refractive surprise. This paper presented the case of a patient operated on from cataract using phacoemulsification with implantation and the occurrence of refractive surprise the causes of which were ruled out. Finally, wrong lens labeling was shown, which is an infrequent event that might occur.