Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of process parameter variations on the electrical characteristics of a RESURF LDMOS and its compact modeling

In this paper, we have investigated the effect of parameter variations on the electrical characteristics of a RESURF LDMOS. The rate of change in each of the electrical parameters such as cut off frequency, breakdown voltage and drain saturation current as a function of the process parameters has been obtained. Furthermore, a model for the device output characteristics is presented and is verified by numerical simulations. To design a high-frequency high-power transistor, an accurate model for the power transistor is required. Several models for the device output characteristics have been proposed [1–3]. A good model should behave properly in all regions of the transistor operation and include the effects of quasi-saturation, a phenomenon commonly seen in power transistors when operating at high gate voltages. The model used here, also includes effects such as self heating and saturation in the N-Drift region. The equation for the transistor channel current is [3]:
Results of intensive chemotherapy in 998 patients age 65 years or older with acute myeloid leukemia or high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome:

Elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) generally have a poor prognosis. AML‐type therapy results are often derived from studies in younger patients and may not apply to elderly AML. Many investigators and oncologists advocate, at times, only supportive care or frontline single agents, Phase I–II studies, low‐intensity regimens, or ‘targeted’ therapies. However, baseline expectations for outcomes of elderly AML with ‘standard’ AML‐type therapy are not well defined. The aim was to develop prognostic models for complete response (CR), induction (8‐week) mortality, and survival rates in elderly AML, which would be used to advise oncologists and patients of expectations with standard AML type therapy, and to establish baseline therapy results against which novel strategies would be evaluated.
Corepressor Required for Adenovirus E1B 55,000-Molecular-Weight Protein Repression of Basal Transcription

ABSTRACT Adenovirus E1B 55,000-molecular-weight protein (55K) binds to host cell p53, stabilizing it, greatly increasing its affinity for its cognate DNA-binding site, and converting it from a regulated activator to a constitutive repressor. Here we analyzed the mechanism of repression by the p53-E1B 55K complex. E1B 55K repression requires that 55K be tethered to the promoter by binding directly to DNA-bound p53. Transcription from an assembled, p53-activated preinitiation complex was not repressed by the subsequent addition of E1B 55K, suggesting that either sites of 55K interaction with p53 or targets of 55K in the preinitiation complex are blocked. Specific E1B 55K repression was observed in reactions lacking TFIIA and with recombinant TATA-binding protein in place of TFIID, conditions under which p53 does not activate transcription. Thus, E1B 55K does not simply inhibit a p53-specific activation mechanism but rather blocks basal transcription. As a consequence, E1B 55K may repress transcription from any promoter with an associated p53-binding site, no matter what other activators associate with the promoter. E1B 55K did not repress basal transcription in reactions with recombinant and highly purified general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II but rather required a corepressor that copurifies with the polymerase.
Effects of Mental and Manual Rotation Training on Mental and Manual Rotation Performance

Abstract: Previous research has shown that training can improve mental rotation performance and has found connections between mental and manual rotation. Here we examine how practice in mental or manual (virtual) rotation, affects performance on mental and manual rotation tasks, compared to a control condition. Experiment 1 examined improvement on a mental rotation task following practice in mental or manual rotation. Both mental and manual rotation practice led to more efficient posttest performance. Experiment 2 examined improvement on a manual rotation task. Practice in manual but not mental rotation led to improved performance. Analyses of the manual rotation trajectories revealed no evidence of strategy differences. These results suggest that manual rotation may require additional processes outside of those needed for mental rotation. In terms of training effects, manual rotation training improved both manual and mental rotation performance, whereas mental rotation only significant improved mental rotation performance.
Histological and bacteriological evaluation of digital dermatitis in cattle, with special reference to spirochaetes and Campylobacter faecalis

Tissue samples from the feet of slaughtered cattle exhibiting different stages of digital dermatitis were sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and silver staining techniques. Three morphological variations of spirochaetes were observed, whereas control samples from feet which were macroscopically negative for digital dermatitis were also negative for spirochaetes. In an immunofluorescence test, [i]Campylobacter faecalis[/i] was found to be abundant on superficial wound smears from the classical ulceration of digital dermatitis.
[Social inequality in health and the utilization of health services among the elderly in Latin America].

OBJECTIVE To learn if there is social inequality in health and in the utilization of health services among the elderly in six cities of Latin America: Buenos Aires, Argentina; São Paulo, Brazil; Santiago, Chile; Havana, Cuba; Mexico City, Mexico; and Montevideo, Uruguay. METHODS This study used data from a project called Health, Well-being, and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean (known as the "SABE project"). To investigate the presence of social inequality in health an ordinal probit model was used, with health status indicated by the following dependent variables: activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, physical mobility, and self-rated health. To measure social inequality in the utilization of health services two characteristics were assessed: one for outpatient medical services (whether or not individuals received outpatient care, and how many times), and one for hospital admissions (whether or not individuals were hospitalized). For outpatient services, we estimated a negative binomial hurdle model, and for hospital admissions, a logit model was constructed. RESULTS Our main results suggest the presence of social inequality in health in all the cities, with better-off socioeconomic groups having better health. The difference in health was less marked in Havana, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo, and it was more pronounced in São Paulo and Mexico City. With respect to the utilization of health services we found inequalities in the use of outpatient services in Santiago, Mexico City, and São Paulo. In Santiago and Mexico City, more schooling was associated with a higher number of expected outpatient medical visits; however, the opposite was found in São Paulo. For hospital admissions, inequality was found only in São Paulo, with individuals with more years of schooling being much more likely to be hospitalized. CONCLUSION To a certain extent, our results reflect the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the countries in which each of the six cities is located. The cities in the countries with the worst social indicators (high income inequality and low human development index) tended to have the greatest inequalities in health and in the utilization of health services.
Hypoxia Inhibits DNA Repair to Promote Malignant Progression

DNA repair is essential to genomic integrity of the cell. Numerous studies have provided compelling evidence that hereditary defects in DNA repair are linked with predispositions to cancer, shedding light on the mechanism of DNA repair and its importance in cancer biology. The majority of human cancers however rarely undergo somatic mutations in DNA repair genes, yet they acquire genetic alterations as they progress. Little is known about the mechanism of genetic alteration during malignant progression. We and others have shown recently that hypoxia—oxygen deficiency—plays an important role in inhibiting DNA repair. Tumor hypoxia gives rise to the over-expression and activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor commonly over-expressed in human cancers. Although HIF-1α is best known for its transcriptional up-regulation of a host of target genes responsible for tumor growth and survival, in this chapter we describe a novel mechanism by which HIF-1α inhibits DNA repair, thereby promoting genetic alterations and malignant progression.
A Model for Digital Content Management

Digital libraries work in complex and heterogeneous scenarios. The quantity and diversity of resources, together with the plurality of agents involved in this context, and the continuous evolution of user-generated content, require knowledge to be formally and flexibly organized. In our work, we propose a library management system - which specifically addresses the Italian context - based on the creation of a metadata taxonomy that analyses the existing management standards, connects them, and associates them with the multimedia content, through a comparison with popular metadata standard employed for User-Generated Content. The approach is based on the conviction that cultural heritage should be managed in the most flexible way through the use of open data and open standards that promote knowledge interoperability and exchange. Our management model for the proposed metadata aims to be a useful instrument for the greater sharing of knowledge in a logic of reuse.
Towards Topic Detection Using Minimal New Sets

A common way of detecting topics in a collection of articles is to use Hierarchical Clustering. This has shown to be a successful way of clustering texts, and thereby detecting topics. However, this is computationally expensive since the similarities between all articles are compared pairwise. This thesis aims to examine if smaller amounts of data could be used to detect topics. Building on the work of Damaschke [9] and Guðjonsson [13], we processed articles as a sequence of chronologically ordered documents, and represented each document by the previously unseen word combinations, more formally known as minimal new sets of words. Based on the words that each article now is represented by, we selected articles with a word or word combination. We compared this selection to a ground truth created with Hierarchical Clustering, to see if the minimal new sets can be used to approximate clustering in a streaming setting. We performed three experiments and evaluated their results. In the first we selected articles based on one given word. In the second we selected articles based on a given two-word combination. In the third we built on the second experiment, but separated the selected articles if two consecutive articles were not published within a given time limit. Out of the experiments that we performed we found that tracking a pair of words gave the best result. Additionally, we found that the Jaccard index of the word combinations impacted the result, where words appearing more often together gave better results. The results indicate that minimal new sets can be used to detect topics. Our model shows significantly better results than the corresponding random model. However, we still do not consider our model to hold up against established methods. Therefore, we do not think that our current method is suitable for a topic detecting system, but rather that it could be possible to build on our methods.
Understanding Climate Change through Modelling and Simulation: A Case for Verification, Validation and Accreditation

The challenges associated with understanding Climate Change (CC) and subsequent socio-technical solutions stem from the complexity and uncertainties inherent within the mechanisms, magnitudes and temporal nature of the environment. Modelling & Simulation (M&S) has flourished as an enabling technology providing insight into the intricacies of Climate Change as well as facilitating understanding regarding the social and ecological implications of these changes. In addition, M&S has been instrumental in influencing decision making across many domains. The application of M&S to garner understanding of complex environmental behaviour often predicates the requirement to integrate various models and simulations. High Level Architecture (HLA) is a software architecture for constructing distributed simulations. It facilitates interoperability among different simulations and simulation types and promotes reuse of simulation software modules making it a very attractive option for M&S applications such as that within the CC domain. As the impact of the application of M&S transcends the 'virtual world', the danger of adverse effects of erroneous or unsuitable models or simulation results also increases. The application of Verification and Validation (V&V) of models and simulation results are intended to ensure that only correct and suitable models and simulation results are used. Although individual models may have been V&V, there integration within an HLA framework may result in a simulation behaviour that yields inaccurate results and thereby creates a condition such that decisions and actions would be based on invalid results. Under the auspices of the NATO Modelling and Simulation Group (NMSG) 19 and Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) Product Development Group (PDG), a VV&A overlay for the HLA Federation Development and Execution Process (FEDEP) in accordance with IEEE 1516.3 has been developed. This paper presents the key concepts of this VV&A overlay. The results of this paper are far reaching in terms of how we conduct VV&A activities within an HLA environment thereby shaping engineering and policy decisions.
PARTICIPATORY ACTION DESIGN OF A ROBOTIC MOBILITY DEVICE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

Electric powered wheelchair (EPW) user interfaces are crucial to the proper functioning of EPWs. The improvement of these interfaces has the potential to increase the independence and mobility of thousands of current and potential EPW users. As EPWs continue to advance, user interface design must follow suit to allow users to intuitively navigate through more complex sets of wheelchair functions. A wheelchair with incredible capabilities cannot improve a user’s quality of life if the user cannot operate it. This paper describes the participatory action design of a unique and intuitive user interface for the MEBotv2.0. The MEBotv2.0 is a novel robotic electric powered wheelchair that enables users to adapt to their environment and preferences by selecting from a series of driving applications. The first component of this participatory action design consisted of the design and fabrication of the physical housing of the interface. The second phase consisted of the design and implementation of a novel graphical user interface that allows the operator to easily communicate with the wheelchair. The third phase involved EPW users’ feedback toward the final prototype of the graphical user interface. This participatory action design demonstrates the potential for the advancement of EPW interfaces using a user-centered design approach.
TAKING THE “UN” OUT OF “UNNOVAE”

It has long been expected that some massive stars produce stellar mass black holes (BHs) upon death. Unfortunately, the observational signature of such events has been unclear. It has even been suggested that the result may be an “unnova,” in which the formation of a BH is marked by the disappearance of a star rather than an electromagnetic outburst. I argue that when the progenitor is a red supergiant, evidence for BH creation may instead be a ≈3–10 day optical transient with a peak luminosity of ≈1040–1041 erg s−1, a temperature of ≈104 K, slow ejection speeds of ≈200 km s−1, and a spectrum devoid of the nucleosynthetic products associated with explosive burning. This signal is the breakout of a shock generated by the hydrodynamic response of a massive stellar envelope when the protoneutron star loses ∼few × 0.1 M☉ to neutrino emission prior to collapse to a BH. Current and future wide-field, high-cadence optical surveys make this an ideal time to discover and study these events. Motivated by the unique parameter space probed by this scenario, I discuss more broadly the range of properties expected for shock breakout flashes, with an emphasis on progenitors with large radii and/or small shock energies. This may have application in a wider diversity of explosive events, from pair instability supernovae to newly discovered but yet to be understood transients.
Analysis of series SiC MOSFETs stack using a single standard gate driver

An overview of existing MOSFET series topologies with single gate driver is given and a newly-designed topology using two SiC MOSFET is proposed in this paper. Thereafter, operation principles including both static sate and switching transitions are analyzed. The LTspice simulation in the last part validate the analysis and show the availability of the SiC MOSFET series topology using single gate driver.
Efficient identification of critical load model parameters affecting power system voltage stability

Power system voltage stability is a very important aspect of power system study, and loads have a significant influence on it. With an increasing penetration level of renewable generation, it becomes more crucial. This paper applies Morris screening method to rank the power system load model parameters according to their influence on the voltage stability. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate uncertainties to reflect the stochastic behaviour of power systems. The ranking has been made for different loading conditions in order to make the ranking applicable most of the time. Several load models have been applied to investigate the influence of different parameters on voltage stability. The results revealed the important load model parameters and important load buses. The reasons of these parameters being more influential have been analysed.
MIPS64 user mode emulation: A case study in open source software engineering

This paper presents our experience of developing Octeon MIPS64r2 ‘User Mode Emulation’ (UME) support into open source ‘Quick Emulator’ (QEMU). QEMU can emulate numerous target architectures. Like many other open source projects, available documentation of the software is either scant or stale. Modifying and extending such code becomes especially challenging due to the sheer size of the code base (654K lines of code spread over 1251 source files). Sporadic or no developer support makes things even more challenging. Therefore, a team of developers is effectively left with the source code to understand it and to correctly change it without causing any regression bugs. We overcame this challenge using methodical software engineering techniques. This paper discusses various problems that we encountered and solutions that we employed. In addition, we present QEMU's software architecture, which we constructed in a bottom-up manner using source code. We believe that such experiences are relevant for understanding and extending any software of substantial size.
Dyslipidemia: How Aggressively to Intervene in the Older Patient?

ABSTRACT: Lipid abnormalities are extremely prevalent among the elderly, a group at very high risk for cardiovascular disorders. Accordingly, the treatment guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel do not suggest that lipid management be any less aggressive in older patients than in younger ones. Management decisions focus on the calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level as part of a full fasting lipid panel. Dietary counseling remains an important element in the management of lipid disorders, but almost all elderly patients require medications to reach their lipid goals. The statins are the mainstay of treatment for most patients, but some will require additional agents, such as a fibrate, niacin, ezetimibe, fish oil, or a bile acid sequestrant.
Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: Effects on growth.

Paediatric Asthma Clinic; Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre, Barrie, Ontario Correspondence: Dr Brian A Kuzik, Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre, 201 Georgian Drive, Barrie, Ontario L4M 6M2. Telephone 705-728-3766, e-mail briankuzik@hotmail.com Accepted for publication February 25, 2015 In the current issue of the Journal, we feature the Cochrane Reviews on the growth effects of inhaled corticosteroids for children with persistent asthma (1,2). We asked Dr Brian Kuzik to comment on and put these two reviews in context.
On Solution Space of Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Programming : A Review

In intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) for programming, a single programming exercise may produce many alternative solutions from students. It is difficult to build ITSs for programming due to the complexity and variety of possible solutions. In order for the students to learn from the system, it is necessary for them to receive feedback on their solutions to the programming exercises. To provide personalized feedback to students who are solving programming exercises effectively, the ITSs for programming must be able to cover a large space of possible solutions. The goal of this paper is to provide a brief review of the works in the literature related this problem.
The investigation on electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in the Chinese inland plateau

The electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in different altitude regions of the Chinese inland plateau have been analyzed in this paper. The results show that the thunderstorms can be divided into two categories in the study regions, one showing the normal tripole electrical charge structure (Normal-type), another one showing the special tripole charge structure with a larger-than-usual lower positive charge center (LPCC) at the base of thunderstorm (Special-type). We find that the two types of thunderstorms have different occurrences in different regions, and the percentage of Special-type thunderstorm increases with the altitude. On the whole, the flash rate of Special-type is slightly larger than that of the normal-type thunderstorm. The relations of combined meteorological parameters to the electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in the study regions are discussed in detail. We find that the temperature difference of surface and air at two meters above surface (Ts-T2m) and warm cloud depth (WCD) have obvious indication on the intensity of LPCC.
gramEvol: Grammatical Evolution in R

We describe an R package which implements grammatical evolution (GE) for automatic program generation. By performing an unconstrained optimization over a population of R expressions generated via a user-defined grammar, programs which achieve a desired goal can be discovered. The package facilitates the coding and execution of GE programs, and supports parallel execution. In addition, three applications of GE in statistics and machine learning, including hyper-parameter optimization, classification and feature generation are studied.
Method and prototype of utility for partial recovering source code for low-level and medium-level vulnerability search

The article describes a automated method for searching of low-level and medium-level vulnerabilities in machine code, which is based on its partial recovering. Vulnerability search is positioned in the field of telecommunication devices. All various and typical vulnerabilities in source code and algorithms for its search is given. The article contains examples of usage method and its utility. There is forecast to develop methods and utilities in the near future.