Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatska ekstrakcija ključnih riječi iz teksta standardnim računalnim postupcima

Automatic keyword extraction takes a great interest as a research issue in the field of natural language processing and information retrieval. Although numerous methods for keyword extraction task have been developed, their effectiveness depends on many factors such as the approach used in method development, the domain to which they are adapted, the type of language or tasks for which they are constructed, etc., and still, there is a room for progress and improvements. In this paper, two existing methods are explained and reconstructed - RAKE and MAUI, which are the standard representatives of the unsupervised and supervised group of keyword extraction methods. It was experimentally tested whether the methods could successfully extract keywords from texts written in Italian, which had not been tested so far. For the experimental purposes, Italian texts were collected and annotated with keywords. The effectiveness of the MAUI method proved to be more promising than the RAKE method, which was confirmed earlier in the keyword extraction experiment from texts written in English.
Crop water requirements, biomass and grain yields estimation for upland rice using CROPWAT, AQUACROP and CERES simulation models

This study estimated crop water requirements using CROPWAT while AQUACROP and CERES models evaluated performance in simulating biomass and grain yield of upland rice’s response to different irrigation schedule. NERICA 4 was subjected to five treatment given as: full (100%ET), good (80%ET), medium (60%ET), average (40%ET), and low (20%ET) and three replicates in a randomized block design. It was planted at the farmyard of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria for two seasons 2015 and 2016 and the results of the first season was used in model calibration while second season’s result was used in validation. Biomass and grain yields values were obtained and compared with simulated values from AQUACROP and CERES and the results were analyzed using E-VIEWS, R and Minitab 17 statistical tools. Results showed that there were significant differences among the models in simulation of grain and biomass yield with respect to irrigation schedule. CERES slightly underestimated LAI while both CERES and AQUACROP slightly overestimated grains and biomass yields although CERES showed highest precision in grain yield, AQUACROP showed highest accuracy in biomass yield and slightly underestimated canopy cover. CROPWAT performed excellently and could be used to efficiently estimate water requirements and reference evapotranspiration. The models’ showed high performance and accuracy in simulation of crop water requirements, grain and biomass yield of rice respectively.
Generalized Sub‐Gaussian Processes: Theory and Application to Hydrogeological and Geochemical Data

We start from the well‐documented scale dependence displayed by the probability distribution and associated statistical moments of a variety of hydrogeological and soil science variables and their spatial or temporal increments. These features can be captured by a Generalized Sub‐Gaussian (GSG) model, according to which a given variable, Y, is subordinated to a (typically spatially correlated) Gaussian random field, G, through a subordinator, U. This study extends the theoretical framework originally proposed by Riva et al. (2015, 10.1002/2015WR016998 ) to include the possibility of selecting a general form of the subordinator, thus enhancing the flexibility of the GSG framework for data interpretation and modeling. Analytical expressions for the GSG process associated with lognormal, Pareto, and Gamma subordinator distributions are then derived. We demonstrate the ability of the GSG modeling framework to capture the way key features of the statistics associated with two data sets transition across scales. The latter correspond to variables, which are typical of a geochemical and a hydrogeological setting, that is, (i) data characterizing the micrometer‐scale surface roughness of a crystal of calcite, collected within a laboratory‐scale setting, resulting from induced mineral dissolution, and (ii) a vertical distribution of decimeter‐scale porosity data, collected along a deep kilometer‐scale borehole within a sandstone formation and typically used in hydrogeological and geophysical characterization of aquifer systems. The theoretical developments and the successful applications of the approach we propose provide a unique framework within which one can interpret a broad range of scaling behaviors displayed by a variety of Earth and environmental variables in various scenarios.
TORAKOLOMBER BİLEŞKE DİSK HERNİASYONLARININ CERRAHİ TEDAVİSİNDE POSTEROLATERAL TRANSKAMBİN YAKLAŞIM

Amac: Torakolomber bileske disk herniasyonlarinin (TLBDH) tedavisi icin optimal cerrahi yaklasim bicimi halen tartismalidir. TLBDH’nin guncel cerrahi tedavisinde anterolateral retroperitoneal, anterior transtorasik, posterolateral, lateral ve transforaminal endoskopik yaklasimlar uygulanmaktadir. Posterolateral transkambin yaklasimda, pars interartikularis ve faset ekleminden minimal kemik alinarak, instabiliteye yol acmadan diskektomi ile dekompresyon saglanmaktadir. Transkambin yaklasimin, ileri duzeyde noral doku retraksiyonu olmaksizin diskektomi yapilabilmesi, iyilesme suresinin kisa olmasi ve postoperatif komplikasyonlarin daha az gorulmesi gibi avantajlari vardir. Yontemler: Klinigimizde 2016-2018 tarihleri arasinda posterolateral transkambin yaklasim ile ameliyat edilen 3’u T12-L1 ve 5’i L1-2 TLBDH’li 8 hasta retrospektif olarak sunuldu. Calismamiza far lateral, foraminal ve paramedian uzanim gosteren, klinik olarak kauda ekuina sendromu, konus medullaris sendromu ve radikulopatiye neden olmus, ekstrude veya sekestre disk hernili hastalar dahil edildi. Hastalarda cilt insizyonu ve fasyanin acilisi orta hattan yapildi. Paravertebral adeleler subperiostal siyrilarak pars lateralinde cikan kok aciga konulup sekestre veya ekstrude disk fragmanlarinin alinmasi hedeflendi. Bulgular: Hastalarin 3’u erkek, 5’i kadin ve ortalama yasi 45,1 (3266) olarak saptandi. Ortalama operasyon suresi 57,8 dakikaydi. Preoperatif VAS degerleri 8,75±0,51, postoperatif VAS degerleri 1,25±0,65 saptandi. MacNab klasifikasyonuna gore postoperatif 6 ay sonraki sonuclari; %62,5‘i mukemmel, %25’i iyi, %12,5’i vasat olarak bulundu. Hastalarda norolojik hasar, beyin omurilik sivisi (BOS) fistulu, pnomotoraks ve operasyon lojunda hematom gelismedi. Sonuc: TLBDH’li hastalarda transkambin yaklasim, gorece kisa operasyon suresi, dusuk morbidite olasiligi ve daha az postoperatif agriya sebep olmasi acisindan yararli bir yaklasim olarak bulunmustur.
Age of Majority and Alternatives to Guardianship: A Necessary Amendment to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004

Federal law requires that schools provide students receiving special education services and their parents/guardians with notice, 1 year before the student reaches the age of majority, that all of the educational rights previously afforded to the parents/guardians will transfer to the student once they reach the age of majority. During this “transfer-of-rights” period, educational professionals often advise parents/guardians to seek legal guardianship over the student with disabilities without providing information about other options. As a result, many parents/guardians seek guardianship without knowing about or exploring less-restrictive alternatives that could help students retain their legal rights, provide opportunities to enhance self-determination, and build community participation skills that benefit them in school and as adults. This article will (a) provide an overview of the use and impact of guardianship and describe recent advances in developing and implementing less-restrictive alternatives to guardianship and (b) advocate for an amendment to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 that will require schools to provide students and their families with information about the full range of decision-making options during the “transfer-of-rights” period.
Orientation anisotropy of quantitative MRI parameters in degenerated human articular cartilage

Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) relaxation parameters demonstrate varying sensitivity to the orientation of the ordered tissues in the magnetic field. In this study, the orientation dependence of multiple relaxation parameters was assessed in cadaveric human cartilage with varying degree of natural degeneration, and compared with biomechanical testing, histological scoring, and quantitative histology. Twelve patellar cartilage samples were imaged at 9.4 T MRI with multiple relaxation parameters, including T1, T2, CW − T1ρ, and adiabatic T1ρ, at three different orientations with respect to the main magnetic field. Anisotropy of the relaxation parameters was quantified, and the results were compared with the reference measurements and between samples of different histological Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grades. T2 and CW − T1ρ at 400 Hz spin‐lock demonstrated the clearest anisotropy patterns. Radial zone anisotropy for T2 was significantly higher for samples with OARSI grade 2 than for grade 4. The proteoglycan content (measured as optical density) correlated with the radial zone MRI orientation anisotropy for T2 (r = 0.818) and CW − T1ρ with 400 Hz spin‐lock (r = 0.650). Orientation anisotropy of MRI parameters altered with progressing cartilage degeneration. This is associated with differences in the integrity of the collagen fiber network, but it also seems to be related to the proteoglycan content of the cartilage. Samples with advanced OA had great variation in all biomechanical and histological properties and exhibited more variation in MRI orientation anisotropy than the less degenerated samples. Understanding the background of relaxation anisotropy on a molecular level would help to develop new MRI contrasts and improve the application of previously established quantitative relaxation contrasts.
Cardiac sarcoidosis: a case report

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, which can affect people of all racial and ethnic groups and can occur at all ages. Currently, sarcoidosis is considered as a worldwide disease with different prevalence rates. Arrhythmias are the leading cause of sudden death among patients diagnosed with cardiac sarcoidosis. In this case, the deceased was a 51-year-old male, a foreigner, with a history of type II diabetes and hypertension and was on treatment for 12 years. He was found unresponsive in a chair at his residence by his son. Autopsy revealed an enlarged heart (heart weight 543 g, 95th percentile for height is 387 g; 95th percentile for weight is 474 g). The pericardial sac is intact. There are no adhesions and no collections of fluid or blood. Epicardium was unremarkable. No acute ischaemic changes were seen in the myocardium. The coronary arteries were normal in configuration with a right dominant circulation. Histopathology of all organs were performed. Sections of myocardium showed varying degrees of replacement fibrosis with an inflammatory infiltrate comprising epithelioid histiocytes, giant cells and occasional non-necrotizing granulomata. There were no acute ischaemic changes. Toxicology screening was negative for common poisons and substance of abuse. These findings were in keeping with cardiac sarcoidosis and concluded it as cause of death. This was a rare case of sarcoidosis where the diagnosis was made with the aid of thorough histopathology examination. The importance of a thorough knowledge on specific cardiac conditions that can cause sudden death is highlighted here.
Effect of Horizontal Ground Reaction Forces during the Golf Swing: Implications for the Development of Technical Solutions of Golf Swing Analysis

The swing is a key movement for golf. Its in-field performance could be estimated by embedded technologies, but often only vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) are estimated. However, as the swing plane is inclined, horizontal ground reaction forces (HGRF) are expected to contribute to the increase of the club angular velocity. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the role of the HGRF during the golf swing. Twenty-eight golf players were recruited and performed 10 swings with their own driver club, in a motion analysis laboratory, equipped with a full body marker set. Ground reaction forces (GRF) were measured with force-plates. A multibody kinematic optimization was performed with a full body model to estimate the instantaneous location of the golfer’s center of mass (CoM). Moments created by the GRF at the CoM were investigated. Results showed that horizontal forces should not be neglected regarding to VGRF because of their lever arm. Analyzing golf swing with only VGRF appeared not enough and further technological developments are still needed to ecologically measure other components.
Comparison of Working Memory and Executive Function in Patients with Internet Addiction Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Normal Individuals

Background: Cognitive functions are higher-order cortical activities that include various parameters such as concentration, executive function, and working memory. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive functions in three groups of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD), and normal people. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study included patients with ADHD, IAD, and normal individuals (26 normal individuals and 27 patients in each of the IAD and ADHD groups) who were evaluated by Conners’ Adult Scale, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Young Internet Addiction Test, and Persian Paper and Pencil Cognitive Assessment Package (PCAP). Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software. The ANOVA test with Bonferroni’s pairwise comparison and chi-square test were used for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the ADHD subjects scored higher (P < 0.01) on the GHQ test and its subscales, as well as the Conners’ test. Also, patients with ADHD had lower scores on attention, concentration, and working memory scales than IAD and normal counterparts (P < 0.01). Working memory was weaker in IAD patients than normal subjects and ADHD and cognitive function is more damaged than IAD. Conclusions: The results showed that patients with ADHD had higher levels of impairment in working memory than IAD patients. Meanwhile, cognitive deficits were more sensible in ADHD.
Flavonoid accumulation and identification of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in Dimocarpus longan lour. by transcriptome sequencing

Dimocarpus longan Lour. is widely cultivated and is very popular around the world. Its by-products such as roots and leaves have been used as traditional Chinese medicines due to their content of important secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids. However, the economic value and application of D. longan roots and leaves are limited because they accumulate relatively low levels of flavonoids. Therefore, it is important to find key genes that regulate the accumulation of the predominant flavonoid compounds in D. longan roots and leaves. Here, we have used RNA-sequencing to describe the transcriptome of D. longan. We obtained 75,229,529 raw reads and 15.04 GB of clean data, generating 56,055 unigenes (N50 = 1,583 nt, mean length = 829.61 nt). Next, we annotated these unigenes using the various available bioinformatics databases. By this approach, we identified 6,684 genes differentially expressed between root and leaf tissues, of which thirteen were identified as flavonoid biosynthesis genes. Of these, eight genes were much highly expressed in roots (DlC4H, DlHCT, DlDFR, DlANS, DlANR, DlCHS, DlF3′H, and DlF3H), and two were much highly expressed in leaves (DlLAR and DlFLS). The contents of thirteen flavonoids in D. longan roots and leaves were measured by LCMS, and epicatechin was found to be the predominant flavonoid in both tissues, which was significantly higher than the other flavonoids measured in the study. Its contents were 213,773.65 ng/g in roots and 22,388.71 ng/g in leaves. Our findings will facilitate efforts to increase the economic value and expand the applications of D. longan roots and leaves by means of genetic engineering.
Potential of Ceria-Zirconia-Based Materials in Carbon Soot Oxidation for Gasoline Particulate Filters

ZrO2 and Ce0.8Zr0. 2O2 mixed oxides were prepared and tested in the oxidation of carbon soot at different oxygen partial pressures and degrees of catalyst/soot contact to investigate their activity under typical gasoline direct injection (GDI) operating conditions. Under reductive atmospheres, generation of oxygen vacancies occurs in Ce0.8Zr0. 2O2, while no reduction is observed on ZrO2. Both materials can oxidize carbon under high oxygen partial pressures; however, at low oxygen partial pressures, the presence of carbon can contribute to the reduction of the catalyst and formation of oxygen vacancies, which can then be used for soot oxidation, increasing the overall performance. This mechanism is more efficient in Ce0.8Zr0. 2O2 than ZrO2, and depends heavily on the interaction and the degree of contact between soot and catalyst. Thus, the ability to form oxygen vacancies at lower temperatures is particularly helpful to oxidize soot at low oxygen partial pressures, and with higher CO2 selectivity under conditions typically found in GDI engine exhaust gases.
Undernutrition and associated common comorbidities among 6 -59 months old children

Background: Undernutrition has long been a major public health concern in developing country like India as a leading cause of child morbidity and mortality. Aim & Objectives: To assess undernutrition in under five children and various associated factors affecting it. Methods and Material: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 400 under five children in Rishikesh. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 37.3%, stunting was 43.3% and wasting was 24.5% respectively. Common morbidity emerged as significant predictors of under nutrition. Conclusion: The burden of common morbidities and prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children in this community is very high.
Innovation and external knowledge sources in knowledge intensive business services (KIBS): evidence from de-industrialized UK regions

ABSTRACT This paper explores the effect of external knowledge sources and the uneven geography on innovation activity in small Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS). It draws on results from a survey of 342 small and medium (SME) KIBS located in the UK’s North East and West Midlands, both de-industrialized regions. It is shown that innovation is supported by knowledge gained from frequent interaction with customers both regional and UK based as well as international. More frequent interaction with local business networks, informal contacts and national licencing arrangements also enhances innovativeness. Various industry-specific business networks and regional government agencies act as important sources of knowledge and networking and these are more important for KIBS located in the North East. The results indicate that more frequent collaboration with regional universities and regional public sector organizations does not benefit KIBS from either region. Also, while we acknowledge a positive effect of R&D on KIBS innovativeness we argue that its effect is less important compared to regional and extra regional knowledge sources.
CLIMATE AND HEALTH BENEFITS OF PHASING OUT IRON & STEEL PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN CHINA: FINDINGS FROM THE IMED MODEL

In recognition of the negative climate change and deteriorative air quality, the iron and steel industry in China was subject to production capacity phase-out policy (PCPP), which is deeply influencing industrial restructuring and national emission reduction targets. However, researches that quantitatively estimated the comprehensive impacts of such structural adjustment policy remain scant. For this purpose, this study expands and soft-links between GAINS and IMED models to characterize the impacts of climate change and PM[Formula: see text]-attributed health co-benefits. Results showed the PCPP based on scale limitation to eliminate backward capacities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region yields total benefits of 34.9 billion Yuan (4.2 billion USD), 89% of total coming from energy saving and carbon mitigation, more than policy costs (20.0 billion Yuan) in 2020, but the gap between benefit-cost will keep narrowing to [Formula: see text]2.8 billion Yuan ([Formula: see text]0.3 billion USD) in 2020–2030, indicating that policy improvement is needed in the long run. To further increase policy co-benefits and achieve multiple policy targets, the policymaker should readjust the PCPP by switching scale limitation to energy efficiency constraint. If doing that, the difference of benefit-cost will achieve 42.5 billion Yuan (5.1 billion USD). The regional disparity also exits due to the diverse ratio of benefit-cost in the selected provinces, calling for necessary fiscal incentives to the less developed area, e.g., Hebei, to promote closer integration.
A Typology of Rebel Political Institutional Arrangements

What are the different political institutions rebels create to engage captive civilian populations, and how do they arrive at distinct political arrangements? Rebel-controlled territories host a diversity of political institutions ranging from structures designed to promote democratic decision-making to martial law. Although previous research has focused on rebel social service provision and other aspects of rebel governance, few have investigated variation in the institutional arrangements rebels adopt. In this article, we identify a set of four dimensions along which rebel political institutions vary leading to six ideal–typical forms of political arrangements. We argue that an iterative and dynamic stepwise process, determined by rebel group strategies and local conditions, produces one of these political institutional outcomes. Importantly, the type of rebel political institutions within one location can change throughout the war, and variation sometimes emerges across territories the same rebel group controls. We demonstrate the plausibility of our arguments through a series of illustrative case studies that correspond to the formation processes of our six ideal–typical political arrangements. We conclude with recommendations for future research.