Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Programming a humanoid robot in natural language : an experiment with description logics

Programming a robot in natural language is a long time dream. Today applications, using a simplified vocabulary, are still far from really interacting in natural language with a robot to ask it to perform actions. Here we investigate why the task is still difficult, focusing on the embodied nature of language. To improve reasoning on we propose using description logics as a way to represent sensory motor information, and conclude with a case study using description logics to ask the robot for every day actions. Keywords—description logic; embodiment; natural language
Effects of Crown Expansion into Gaps on Evaluation of Disturbance Intensity in Northern Hardwood Forests

Crown encroachment by trees surrounding newly formed gaps reduces their size, a fact that may cause error in area-based analyses of rate of gap formation and disturbance intensity. Generally, an estimate of proportional area occupied by age classes within a stand of trees can be obtained by determining the age of a selected canopy tree nearby each of randomly or uniformly located sample points. Possible methods of selecting nearby canopy trees include: (1) the nearest-tree selection method, in which the canopy tree with its stem closest O the sample point is chosen; and (2) the overhead-crown selection method, in which the canopy tree whose crown is directly above the sample point is chosen. These two methods of selecting sample trees differ greatly in their sensitivity to crown encroachment. In sugar maple stands, the nearesttree selection method leads to better estimates of the area originally occupied by a cohort of trees. The overhead-crown selection method leads to an unbiased estimate of area currently occupied by a cohort. FOR. ScI. 34:(2):530-536. ADDITIONAL
A rare case of dengue encephalitis

Dengue fever has a variable clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. However, neurological complications, in general, are unusual. Dengue encephalopathy is not an unknown entity; however, dengue encephalitis, a direct neuronal infiltration by the dengue virus, is an extremely rare disease. Although dengue is classically considered a non-neurotropic virus, there is increasing evidence for dengue viral neurotropism, suggesting that, in a proportion of cases, there may be an element of direct viral encephalitis. An MRI brain rarely shows focal abnormalities in dengue encephalitis. We report an interesting case of dengue encephalitis during an outbreak in Delhi, India. The diagnosis was confirmed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid dengue serology and (NS1) antigen assay. The case showed extensive lesions involving the midbrain, cerebellum, thalamus and medial temporal region on both sides of the MRI brain, which is an uncommon manifestation of dengue fever.
A Scrumban integrated gamification approach to guide software process improvement: a Turkish case study

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in tailoring agile development methodologies by combining different agile practices. The adoption of such a balancing approach requires a systematic customization of best practices among agile methodologies. This paper presents an empirical case study for adopting a hybrid Scrumban methodology with an integrated gamification approach, which was conducted in the context of a small-medium enterprise (SME). First, we conducted a focus group to better understand the potential inquiries that might have been useful to improve the development process. Secondly, we employed a cross-sectional survey approach to explore the company personnel’s opinions regarding the changes in the process. The survey data was collected from 30 practitioners who were working for the same project in a software development organization in a technology research centre. The descriptive statistics were calculated with paired sample t-tests being used to compare for integration process that contains three stages (i) initial stage, (ii) Scrumban stage, (iii) Scrumban with integrated Gamification stage. The preliminary results of this research support the idea that a set of game elements can be integrated with a hybrid software development methodology to enhance individual and organizational productivity.
Revision Strategies in Lumbar Total Disc Arthroplasty

Study Design. Review of Literature. Objective. To review the published literature regarding revision lumbar total disc arthroplasty as well as potential options to avoid complications associated with the revision surgical approach. Summary of Background Data. The use of lumbar total disc arthroplasty in the United States has not achieved the same popularity as seen in Europe, where studies have reported favorable short- and intermediate-term results. In the United States, despite recognition that disc replacement may reduce the incidence of adjacent segment disease, the risk of potential complications associated with primary and revision total disc arthroplasty have diminished surgeon enthusiasm for the procedure. The use of adhesion barriers may address some of these concerns. Methods. A series of Ovid Medline and Pubmed-National Library of Medicine/National Institutes of Health (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) searches were performed. Only articles written in English journals or published with English translations were included. Level of evidence of the selected articles was assessed. Results. The need for revision of lumbar total disc arthroplasty has been reported in a number of prospective, randomized trials (level I or II evidence). Suboptimal patient selection and/or surgical technique accounted for the majority of failed disc arthroplasties. Revision procedures have included posterior stabilization or anterior explantation with revision to arthroplasty or conversion to arthrodesis. The risk of injury to the great vessels and retroperitoneal structures is greater during revision than primary procedures. The use of a far lateral, or transpsoas approach to the anterior column may reduce these adverse events. The use of adhesion barriers has been shown to reduce adhesions in abdominal and pelvic surgery and may be of benefit in revision disc arthroplasty. Conclusion. Adherence to stringent indications and meticulous surgical technique may reduce the number ofrevision procedures. Further, the use of barriers to adhesion formation during the primary arthroplasty may also reduce risk to the retroperitoneal structures during revision approaches.
Evolutionary potential of (beta/alpha)8-barrels: stepwise evolution of a "new" reaction in the enolase superfamily.

The molecular details of the processes involved in divergent evolution of "new" enzymatic functions are ill-defined. Likely starting points are either a progenitor promiscuous for the new reaction or a progenitor capable of catalyzing the new reaction following a single substitution that results from a single base change. However, the molecular (sequence) pathway by which the selective advantage provided by this protein can be improved and ultimately optimized is unclear. In the mechanistically diverse enolase superfamily, we discovered that a monofunctional progenitor could acquire the ability to catalyze a "new" reaction by a single base change: the D297G mutant of the monofunctional l-Ala-d/l-Glu epimerase (AEE) from Escherichia coli catalyzed a low level of the o-succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS) reaction as well as a reduced level of the AEE reaction [Schmidt, D. M. Z. , Mundorff, E. C. , Dojka, M. , Bermudez, E. , Ness, J. E. , Govindarajan, S. , Babbitt, P. C. , Minshull, J., and Gerlt, J. A. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 8387-8393]. We then discovered that the selective advantage and OSBS activity of the D297G mutant are both enhanced by the I19F substitution [Vick, J. E. , Schmidt, D. M. Z. , and Gerlt, J. A. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 11722-11729]. Both the D297G and I19F substitutions are positioned to alter the substrate specificity so that the substrate for the OSBS reaction is more productively positioned vis a vis the active site catalytic groups. We now report that both the selective advantage and OSBS activity of the D297G/I19F double mutant are enhanced by the R24C (one base change from the wild type Arg codon), R24W (two base changes from the wild type Arg codon and one base change from the R24C codon), and L277W (one base change from the wild type Leu codon) substitutions. The effects of the R24C and L277W mutants are "additive" in the D297G/I19F/R24C/L277W mutant. The greatest selective advantage and OSBS activity are associated with the D297G/I19F/R24W mutant. These "new" substitutions that enhance both the selective advantage and kinetic constants are positioned in the active site where they can alter the specificity, highlighting that the evolution of the "new" OSBS function can be accomplished by changes in substrate specificity.
The release and fate of vaso‐active hormones in the circulation

Some of Gaddum's first publications were on the development of specific and sensitive methods for biological assay, and he maintained a deep interest in this subject for the rest of his life (see Feldberg, 1967). One of the methods which he developed was that of superfusion, first described by Finkleman (1930). In this technique the bathing fluid runs over the external surface of the tissue, and Gaddum (1953) called it " superfusion " by analogy with "perfusion," in which the fluid runs through the tissue.
Evidence for a Founder Effect of the Germline Fumarate Hydratase Gene Mutation R58P causing Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC)

We report on the results of clinical investigation, pedigree analysis, mutation screening and haplotyping in a family with the syndrome of multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas (MCUL1) and a germline missense mutation (R58P) in the fumarate hydratase gene (FH). We provide evidence for a founder effect for the identified mutation and distant relationship of our family to another familial case of MCUL1 associated with renal cell cancer, which was recently published with the same mutation.
Agent based decentralized DC load flow computation

A decentralized paradigm has several advantages over centralized paradigm which offers quick, robust and self-reliable system operations. Hence, this paper proposes a novel approach towards decentralized load flow solution of power system. Agent based concept is used to realize the proposed framework which uses DC load flow calculations. A single Bus Agent (BA) is designed which incorporates two behaviours, i.e. gauss elimination behaviour and backward substitution behaviour. The agents communicate with neighbouring agents as per the designed behaviour and utilize the local knowledge to compute their own voltage angle without having global information of rest of the network. The proposed framework is designed in JAVA using JADE package and corresponding simulation is done on IEEE 30 bus system to show its feasibility, implementability and robustness.
Reduced nasal IL‐10 and enhanced TNFα responses during rhinovirus and RSV‐induced upper respiratory tract infection in atopic and non‐atopic infants

Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are the most prevalent inducers of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in infants and may stimulate immune maturation. To estimate the amount of immune stimulation, nasal immune responses were examined during rhinovirus and RSV‐induced URTI in infants. Nasal brush samples were taken from infants (2–26 months; 57% atopic family) with rhinovirus‐induced URTI (N = 20), with RSV‐induced URTI (N = 7), and with rhinovirus‐induced rhinitis (N = 11), from children with asymptomatic rhinovirus infection (N = 7) and from eight non‐infected children. Numbers of nasal brush cells positive for Th1‐, Th2‐, regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines were measured by immunohistochemistry or by measuring protein levels using a cytometric bead array analysis. During rhinovirus and RSV‐induced URTI, fewer regulatory cytokine IL‐10 positive cells were found compared to non‐infected children. This fall was accompanied by an increase in levels of the Th1 cytokine TNFα. IL‐10 responses were inversely related to TNFα responses. No enhanced responses were observed for IFNγ, IL‐12 and IL‐18. Cytokine responses were comparable in children with rhinovirus‐induced URTI and in children with rhinitis, while responses in asymptomatic rhinovirus‐infected children were located between those for symptomatic and asymptomatic rhinovirus‐infected children. Cytokine responses did not depend on the age of the child or atopy in the family. In conclusion, reduced nasal IL‐10 responses during URTI in infants could facilitate the induction of a TNFα response. TNFα in turn could replace the immature production of IL‐12, IL‐18 and IFNγ during URTI to induce an effective clearance of the viral infection and which could stimulate the maturation of Th1 cytokine production in infancy. J. Med. Virol. 75:348–357, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute Childhood Hemiplegia Associated With Chickenpox and Elevated Anticardiolipin Antibody

Chickenpox is a common infection of childhood. Central nervous system complications, such as cerebellar ataxia and meningoencephalitis, are estimated to occur in less than 1% of cases of chickenpox. Although transverse myelitis and hemiplegia have also, although rarely, been reported, hemiplegia associated with chickenpox and elevated anticardiolipin antibody has not been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 2.5-year-old boy who developed a right hemiplegia 3 weeks after the onset of a primary varicella infection. The serum level of anticardiolipin antibody IgG was markedly elevated. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an infarction involving the left globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and posterior leg of the internal capsule. Laboratory studies ruled out all known causes of stroke. Neurologic signs and symptoms slowly improved with supportive treatment. Varicella infection should be considered one of the possible causes of acute ischemic strokes in children. Usually, two or more risk factors are detected in children with ischemic strokes, and we suggest that all possible causes of strokes be investigated in children with ischemic strokes. (J Child Neurol 2006;21:890—893; DOI 10.2310/ 7010.2006.00206).
A Novel Algorithm for Estimating Refurbished Three-Phase Induction Motors Efficiency Using Only No-Load Tests

Induction motors fail due to many reasons, and many are rewound two or more times during their lifetimes. It is generally assumed that a rewound motor is not as efficient as the original motor. Precise estimation of efficiency of a refurbished motor or any existing motor is crucial in industries for energy savings, auditing, and management. Full-load and partial-load efficiency can be measured by using the dynamometer. This paper presents a novel technique for estimating refurbished induction motors' full-load and partial-load efficiencies from only no-load tests. The technique can be applied in any electric motor workshop and eliminates the need for the dynamometer procedure. It also eliminates the need for the locked-rotor test. Experimental and field results of testing eight induction motors are presented, and the degree of accuracy is shown by comparing the estimated efficiencies against the measured values. To provide the necessary credits to the proposed technique, an error analysis is conducted to investigate the level of uncertainty through testing three induction motors, and the results of uncertainty of the direct measurements and no-load measurements using the proposed technique are presented.
LPS Promote the Odontoblastic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells via MAPK Signaling Pathway

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) show significant potential for exploitation in novel regeneration strategies, although lack of understanding of their responses to bacterial challenge constrains their application. The present study aimed to investigate whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major pathogenic factor of Gram‐negative bacteria, regulates the differentiation of hDPSCs and which intracellular signaling pathways may be involved. LPS treatment significantly promoted the differentiation of hDPSCs demonstrable by increased mineralized nodule formation and mRNA expression of several odontoblastic markers in a dose‐dependent manner. While inhibition of TLR4, p38, and ERK signaling markedly antagonized LPS‐mediated differentiation of hDPSCs. The inhibition of JNK and NF‐κB signaling had no detectable effect on LPS activation of hDPSCs. LPS stimulation resulted in phosphorylation of NF‐κB p65, IκB‐α, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in DPSCs in a time‐dependent manner, which was markedly suppressed by their specific inhibitors, respectively. Data demonstrated that LPS promoted odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs via TLR4, ERK, and P38 MAPK signaling pathways, but not NF‐κB signaling. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 554–561, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company
Indocyanine Green-Plasma Half Time Clearance (T 1/2) in Normal Beagles.∗

Summary 1. The mean plasma clearance half time of indocyanine green (ICG) was found to be 5.6 ± 0,8§ minutes in male beagles, and 7.0 ± 1.48 in female beagles, 2. Female dogs in this study cleared ICG significantly more slowly than the males. 3. Plasma volume estimated using ICG is 3 7.7 ± 6.0 ml/kg. This figure agrees with 37.5 ± 6.1 ml/kg found using radioiron (Fe-59).
On the Construction of Public Key Encryption with Sender Recovery

This paper investigates public key encryption that has a desirable feature of allowing the sender of a ciphertext to recover the original plaintext from the ciphertext with-out relying on a recipient's private decryption key (PKE-SR). We propose two efficient methods for converting KEM/DEM (key encapsulation mechanisms/data encapsulation mechanisms) to PKE-SR. The first method, called pre-KEM seeding, can be applied to a large class of KEM/DEM constructions including those based on the discrete logarithm problem. Following the idea of pre-KEM seeding, we propose an efficient PKE-SR using DHIES, which has only one more additional element of length 160-bit in ciphertext than that of the original DHIES. Furthermore, we show that PKE-SR can be constructed from identity based encryptions using the method of pre-KEM seeding. The second method, called post-KEM converging, is more powerful and can be employed to convert any secure KEM/DEM into a secure PKE-SR. Post-KEM converging takes advantages of an interesting property, called collision accessibility, of sibling intractable hashing. For both methods, added costs in ciphertext length and computation are minimal, making them a particularly attractive “drop-in” replacement in applications where plaintexts need to be recovered efficiently by the sender alone. We further explore the problem of constructing PKE-SR without redundancy and show such a construction for one-bit encryptions.
Muscle receptors with fine afferent fibers which may evoke circulatory reflexes.

The majority of afferent nerve fibers in mammalian skeletal muscle are thin myelinated (A delta or group III) and unmyelinated (C or group IV) afferents. Some 50% of these units appear to be responsible for the reception of noxious chemical, mechanical, and thermal stimuli, i.e., they are nociceptors. The other receptive units with fine afferent fibers presumably are activated by moderate innocuous stimuli such as light stretch, contractions, and light local touching. They possibly play a role in the circulatory and respiratory adjustments during exercise, i.e. they may be ergoreceptors. The data presently available suggest that the nociceptive as well as the ergoreceptive units are very heterogeneous groups with diverse receptive properties. The sensitivity of an individual unit may be restricted to the mechanical domain or to a single chemical substance, whereas other receptors respond to a great variety of chemical, mechanical, and probably thermal stimuli. Each receptor, however, seems to have a preferred susceptibility or "dominant sensitivity" to one or the other stimulus. This sensitivity may be modified by various factors, such as the local concentration of prostaglandins or serotonin. The concept of different types of fine afferent units is supported by preliminary ultrastructural findings showing a great structural diversity both in regard to the localization and the structural design of the receptive endings of these afferents.
FPGA-basiertes Template-Matching mit distanztransformierten Bildern

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit Implementierungen eines Template-Matching-Algorithmus basierend auf distanztransformierten Bildern (DT-Bildern) zur Erkennung von Verkehrszeichen mittels rekonfigurierbarer Prozessoren. Fur die Anwendung ist eine Bildauflosung von 512*512 Punkten und ein Matching mit 36 kreisformigen und dreieckigen Templates erforderlich. Sowohl die Berechnungen der DT-Bilder als auch des Template-Matchings sind zeitkritisch und konnen auf einem Standardprozessor nicht in Echtzeit ausgefuhrt werden. Daher wurde der Ansatz verfolgt, die Berechnungen durch den Einsatz eines FPGA-Koprozessors zu beschleunigen. Als Prototypplattform wurde das PCI-Board MPRACE ausgewahlt, welches mit einem modernen Virtex-II XC2V3000-FPGA bestuckt ist. Analysen der Algorithmen ergaben, dass diese gut parallelisierbar und mit FPGA-Technologie umsetzbar sind. Alle fur die Implementierung entwickelten Module konnten nach dem Pipeline-Prinzip aufgebaut und insgesamt zu drei grosen Pipelines zusammengefasst werden. Die ersten beiden Pipelines dienen der Erzeugung der DT-Bilder und benotigen 12 % der Ressourcen des FPGAs. Die dritte Pipeline setzt das Template-Matching um. Die zunachst auf naheliegende Weise hochgradig parallelisierte Implementierung fur das Template-Matching erweist sich als sehr ressourcenaufwandig und limitiert die Anzahl der Templates auf 24. Die FPGA-Designs konnen mit einer Taktfrequenz von 66 MHz betrieben werden, und der gesamte Algorithmus kann damit problemlos in Echtzeit auf dem FPGA berechnet werden. Zur Reduzierung des FPGA-Ressourcenbedarfs fur den parallelen Ansatz des Template-Matchings werden mehrere Optimierungsstrategien entwickelt. Der Ressourcenbedarf fur das parallele Matching lasst sich hiermit um einen Faktor 3,5 reduzieren, sodass die Anforderung von 36 Templates bereits mit einem kleineren FPGA erfullt werden kann.