Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eﬃcient estimation for partially linear varying-coeﬃcient errors-in-variables models with heteroscedastic errors

This paper studies the varying-coefficient heteroscedastic partially linear models where some covariates are measured with additive errors. To eliminate the bias of the usual profile least squares estimation when measurement errors are ignored, a modified profile least squares estimator of the regression parameter is suggested and the local polynomial smoother is applied to constructing estimators of the varying coefficient function and error variance function. Further, for the purpose of accounting for heteroscedasticity and the estimation accuracy, re-weighted estimations of the regression parameter and varying coefficient function are proposed. Asymptotic behaviors of the above estimators are established and the reweighted estimator is shown to be more efficient than the modified profile least-squares estimator. Both simulated and real data examples are conducted to illustrate the applications of the proposed approaches. RÉSUMÉ. Cet article examine les Modèles partiellement linéaires à coefficient variable avec erreurs hétéroscédastiques, dans lesquels certaines covariables sont mesurées avec des erreurs additives. Pour résoudre le problème d'erreur de négliance de mesure dans l'estimation des moindres carrés du profil classique, un estimateur de moindres carrés du profil modifié du paramètre de régression a été mis au point et le lisseur polynomial local a été appliqué pour construire des estimateurs de la fonction de coefficient variable et de la fonction de variance d'erreur. En outre, des estimations re-pondérées du paramètre de régression et une fonction de coefficient variable ont été proposées, en tenant compte de l'hétéroscédasticité et de la précision de l'estimation. En comparant les exemples de données simulées aux données réelles, les comportements asymptotiques des estimateurs ci-dessus se sont avérés valables et il a été démontré que l'estimateur repondéré était plus efficace que l'estimateur des moindres carrés du profil modifié, indiquant que la stratégie proposée est réalisable et applicable.
DETERMINANTES DE LA DESERCIÓN ESCOLAR Y EL TRABAJO ADOLESCENTE EN BOLIVIA

La investigacion explora los determinantes detras de la decision de estudiar o de trabajar de los adolescentes bolivianos. Encontramos que, aunque el trabajo adolescente esta asociado al abandono escolar, estas categorias no son mutualmente exclusivas; en efecto, existen adolescentes que trabajan y estudian simultaneamente, y adolescentes que no realizan ninguna de las dos actividades. Usando un modelo biprobit, encontramos que la decision de estudiar o trabajar esta fuertemente influenciada por el ingreso, pero tambien por la educacion de los padres, por diferencias en la estructura familiar y por diferencias regionales.
Conjuring the ‘Insane’: Representations of Mental Illness in Medical and Popular Discourses

Representation, primarily understood as ‘presence’ or ‘appearance’ with an implied visual component, is a critical concept in the cultural milieu. Conceived as images, performances, and imitations, representations propagate through various media: films, television, photographs, advertisements, and other forms of popular culture. As such, representations of mental illness perform a pivotal role in framing perceptions about the mentally ill. These representations influence and shape public perceptions about the illness. This essay aims to analyze how mental illness is perceived, represented, and treated in popular culture and medical discourses. In so doing, the essay lays bare the ideologies and the symbolic codes that undergird these representations and the consequent stigma confronted by the mentally ill. Taking these cues, the essay close reads popular representations of mental illness in movies, newspapers, advertisements, comics, and paintings and the articulation of stereotyped images of the mentally ill in a medical discourse which externalize madness in distorted physiognomic features. In so doing, the essay exposes the negative implications of these representations on the personal and social lives of the mentally ill and negotiates the significance of personal accounts of mental illness experience as a means of reclaiming their identity.
Medical students’ empathy positively predicts charitable donation behavior

ABSTRACT Empathy is known to motivate prosocial behavior. This relationship, however, is complex and influenced by the social context and the type of prosocial behavior. Additionally, empathy is a complex psychological capacity, making it important to examine how different components influence different prosocial behaviors. The current study uses a unique longitudinal sample to assess how changes in cognitive and affective components of empathy relate to charitable giving. Measures of empathy were collected from medical students in the fall and spring of students’ first three years of medical school. After this time, students had the opportunity to donate to charity. Positive changes in students’ cognitive empathy predicted their charitable giving, with students who demonstrated greater increases in cognitive empathy giving more money. This study points to an important role for cognitive empathy in generosity, and suggests that long-term changes in empathy influence individual differences in prosocial behavior. Abbreviations: Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE); Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy - Student Version (JSE); Variance Inflation Factor (VIF)
Involvement in Social Networking Sites and Academic Performance of Secondary Students in Kabankalan, Philippines

This study aims to determine the relationship between the involvement in social networking and the academic performance of 235 fourth-year students in Cluster 2, Division of Kabankalan, Negros Occidental, school year 2013- 2014. An adapted survey questionnaire was used to gather the data. The study utilizes the descriptive correlational design, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Findings show that the fourth-year students were dominated by the eldest, female students who belonged to families with low parents’ monthly income. Cellphones were the leading access to Facebook for more than three hours. The fourth-year students were moderately involved in social networking sites. While students’ sex influences their social networking sites involvement, sibling order and parents’ monthly income do not. The fourth-year students have low level of academic performance. Sibling order, sex, and family monthly income do not affect the academic performance
An Ecological Investigation of Barriers and Facilitators Impacting Standing Desk Use in Real Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT Background: Workplace interventions have utilized standing desks to reduce sedentary behavior. However, minimal information is available concerning factors that impact use of standing desks under real working conditions. Purpose: To qualitatively explore factors that influence standing desk use under real working conditions. Methods: Individual interviews were conducted with university employees currently using a standing desk using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded for themes. Results: Participants (n = 37) identified factors impacting standing desk use across multiple socioecological levels. Intrapersonal-level barriers included forgetting to use the standing desk and pain or fatigue from standing; whereas, knowledge facilitated use. Social support facilitated use at the interpersonal level, but social norms were a barrier to standing. Access to standing desks and a wellness culture facilitated use at the institutional level, but the built environment was a barrier. Discussion: Findings from this study support a socioecological perspective of sedentary behavior and highlight the importance of incorporating intervention strategies at multiple levels to change sedentary behavior. Translation to Health Education Practice: The findings from this study may be used to develop multi-level strategies to initiate and maintain use of standing desks in order to overcome and prevent barriers impacting regular use.
A Novel Pedestrian Detection Method Based on Histogram of Oriented gradient and Support Vector Data Description

Pedestrian detection is an important research field of computer vision, and is a key technology of automatic drive. One category of pedestrian detection methods is statistics learning methods. But these methods cannot guarantee that the negative samples include all real scenes in practice. And big negative data lead to a complex classifier. Compared to negative samples, positive samples are more easily to be complete. To solve the above problem, we propose a novel pedestrian detection method based on Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and support vector data description (SVDD). First, create multi-scale samples by shift window. Second, samples are transformed by HOG method to provide features for classifiers. Third, a single classifier is trained with complete positive samples. The single classifier is based on SVDD. A series of experiments show that the proposed method needs more positive samples to train the classifier compared to previous works, but the number of total samples is less than that of previous works. And the false detection of the proposed method is less than that of classical method. Keywords—histogram of oriented gradient; support vector data description; pedestrian detection; statistics learning
Social Media Goes to the Movies: Fear of Missing Out, Social Capital, and Social Motivations of Cinema Attendance

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of participation in social media networks on theatrical movie attendance, with particular attention paid to the fear-of-missing-out (FoMO) and social media social capital. Using an online survey (N = 472), it was determined that the direct social utility of the theatrical experience was a better predictor of theatrical attendance than social media FoMO or social capital. However, both bridging social capital and FoMO were predictors of the post-viewing social media sharing of the film experience, with bridging social capital best predicting social media sharing. Furthermore, FoMO did not moderate the relation between bridging social capital and social media sharing, suggesting these traits exert influence on social media behaviors independently. While participation in social networks did not influence theatrical movie attendance, it was an important predictor of social media conversations after viewing, with the opportunity to maintain and build bridging social capital exerting the greatest influence on social media sharing.
Related Data for: Effectiveness of an integrated mental skills and biofeedback training program on sport shooters

As winning margins narrow in competitive elite sports, the management of psychological and physiological states are critical to ensure optimal performance, especially in closed skill accuracy sports. This intervention study examines the effectiveness of an integrated mental skills and biofeedback training program on fifty air rifle and air pistol shooters from a school air weapons team. The experimental group participated in an intervention program focused on self-talk, relaxation, imagery, and automaticity (or routines), together with HRV biofeedback training. Post-intervention, the experimental group had significantly higher pre-performance HRV and had higher scores for self-talk, relaxation, imagery, and automaticity compared to the control group. Although shooting scores improved at the end of the intervention, the increase was not statistically significant but has great practical implications in elite sport. The improvement in HRV together with the higher shooting scores post-intervention shows improved psychophysiological control which was translated into better performance.
Attitude Changes as a Result of Exposure to Interpretive Messages

The purpose of this research is to document changes in attitudes as a result of expospre to interpretive messages, thereby gaining insight into the benefits received by agencies that use interpretation as a management tool. Fishbein's value expectancy model was used to measure attitudes of entering and exiting visitors at the Petawawa National Forestry Institute's Visitor Center. Mean attitude scores of exiting visitors were more favorable (from the agency perspective) than scores for entering visitors for five of the seven topics dealt with in 1982. In 1983, exiting scores were more favorable for three out of the four topics. The application of this method as an evaluation tool and policy considerations are discussed.
A Study on Generation Model of Complex Network based on Latent Topic

Many researchers have tried to clarify the mechanism of growth of complex networks by developing network generation models like WS model proposed by Watts and Strogatz and BA model proposed by Barabási and Albert. A new network generation model is proposed in this study. It gives a sense of characteristics or interest to each model in the network. In our proposed model, a node selects a target node to make a directed link based on the latent topic. This study examines the features of the networks generated by our model through computer simulation. In the examination, we calculate the average path length, clustering coefficient and power exponent, which are representative evaluation indices of network, and check whether it satisfies the property of complex networks. We also qualitatively confirm whether our model generates networks with communities of a certain size by visualizing them.
White Coats at the Coalface: The Standardizing Work of Professionals at the Frontline

This study advances theory on professionals by introducing a novel ‘coalface perspective’ to study frontline professionals’ standardizing work. Our multimethod quantitative and qualitative approach explores when, why and how medical professionals in German university hospitals actively maintain care pathway enactment – a technique to standardize day-to-day medical work – in their everyday patient treatment. Professionals’ actively standardizing their work is an understudied yet highly relevant phenomenon that the established ‘autonomy perspective’ – which covers how professionals resist standardization – falls short of explaining. Introducing a coalface perspective overcomes this shortcoming by uncovering novel links between professionals’ day-to-day problem-driven motivations for standardizing work, the characteristics of everyday situations of frontline professional work and practices of standardizing work at the frontline. This study has implications for research on frontline professionals and coalface-perspective research in general.
Consecuencias positivas intrínsecas de la conducta sustentable: una investigación con estudiantes universitarios

In studying the consequences of Sustainable Behavior (SB), a number of researchers focus on the psychological antecedents that determine environmentally protective behaviors. When the psychological consequences of SB are considered, researchers mainly study extrinsic reinforcers of sustainable acting, which in spite of their undeniable power in stimulating sustainable behavior, present some inconveniences that limit their capacity to maintain such a behavior. The present study was aimed at testing the idea that a significant relationship exists between SB –studied as proecological, altruistic, frugal, and equitable actions– and the intrinsic consequences (satisfaction, self-efficacy, and autonomy) that result from those sustainable behaviors. Thirty-hundred-and-sixty undergraduates reported the frequency of their engagement in sustainable behaviors as well as their experiencing states of satisfaction, autonomy, and self-efficacy. A structural equation model was specified and tested, including factors representing SB and the positive intrinsic consequences. The measurement model confirmed the proposed factorial composition and indicated that the positive consequences saliently and significantly were related to sustainable behavior.
Parenting Styles as a Predictor of Academic Achievement of Junior High School Students in Aowin and Suaman District, Ghana

The study examined the relationship between parenting styles and academic achievement of Junior High School students in the Aowin and Suaman District’s in the Western Region of Ghana. To achieve this, a descriptive design was adopted. A sample size of 400 Junior High School students were selected for the study using proportional allocation. Questionnaires were used to elicit responses from selected students coupled with their test scores. The data were analysed using inferential statistics (multiple regression and Pearson product moment correlation) and descriptive statistics (means and standard deviation). The findings from the study revealed that parenting styles correlate high with academic achievement and as such parenting styles have relationship with the academic achievement of students. Several recommendations were offered which include the fact that community and all the structures within it including schools, community heads, churches and media must help in ensuring that parents are more responsible towards their children. Keywords: Parenting styles, Academic achievement , Junior High School, Students DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-19-06 Publication date :July 31 st 2019
Estudo radiografico da coluna cervical em criancas com artrite reumatoide juvenil

* Trab. realiz. no Inst. de Ortop. e Traumatol. do Hosp. das Clín. e no Inst. da Criança do Hosp. das Clín. da Fac. de Med. da Univ. de São Paulo. 1. Médico Residente de 3o ano do IOT-HC-FMUSP. 2. Pós-graduando do Dep. de Ortopedia e Traumatologia – FMUSP. 3. Médico Assistente do IOT-HC-FMUSP. 4. Médica Assistente do Instituto da Criança – HC-FMUSP. 5. Professor Associado do Dep. de Ortopedia e Traumatologia – FMUSP. RESUMO
Survey of Turbo, LDPC, and Polar Decoder ASIC Implementations

Channel coding may be viewed as the best-informed and most potent component of cellular communication systems, which is used for correcting the transmission errors inflicted by noise, interference, and fading. The powerful turbo code was selected to provide channel coding for mobile broad band data in the 3G UMTS and 4G long term evolution cellular systems. However, the 3GPP standardization group has recently debated whether it should be replaced by low density parity check (LDPC) or polar codes in 5G new radio, ultimately reaching the decision to adopt the LDPC code family for enhanced mobile broad band (eMBB) data and polar codes for eMBB control. This paper summarizes the factors that influenced this debate, with a particular focus on the application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) implementation of the decoders of these three codes. We show that the overall implementation complexity of turbo, LDPC, and polar decoders depends on numerous other factors beyond their computational complexity. More specifically, we compare the throughput, error correction capability, flexibility, area efficiency, and energy efficiency of ASIC implementations drawn from 110 papers and use the results for characterizing the advantages and disadvantages of these three codes as well as for avoiding pitfalls and for providing design guidelines.
The Synergism Effect Of Cefepime And Vancomycin Against Coagulse Positive And Negative Methiciline Resistant Staphylococci

Background and Aim: Although vancomycine is used for the treatment of methicillin resistant Staphylococci, but vancomycine alone might not be effective for the treatment of methicillin resistant Staphylococci in compromised host. In the same time antimicrobial activity of cefepim on gram positive bacteria especially Staphylococci is well known. In this study the synergism effect of cefepim and vavcomycin on positive and negative coagulase Staphylococci in vitro condition was investigated. Materials and Methods: In total, 100 clinical samples of coagulase positive and negative Staphylococci were isolated from urine and blood samples from patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital during one year and identified . The modified Bauer-Kirby were used for the antibiotic susceptibility and macrodilution method for the MIC according to NCCLS procedure. Results: The results showed that after adding vancomycin to cefepime in concentration from 0.05+ 0.5 ml g μ , to 0.8+8 ml g μ , growth reduction reached from 3.5% to 100%. The synergism effect of the two mentioned antibiotics on coagulase negative Staphylococci resistant to methicillin were shown that from concentration of 0.05+ 0.5 ml g μ to 0.8+8 ml g μ , a reduction in growth from 4.5% to 100% was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that vancomycin and cefepime has synergic effect on Staphylococci.
Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

We describe in a multicenter study the feasibility and effectiveness of an accelerated hepatitis B vaccination schedule compared to the standard regimen in HIV-infected patients. The results show that the compliance with an accelerated schedule is significantly better, although its efficacy is only non-inferior in patients with a CD4+ cell-count >500 cells/mm3. In all HIV-infected patients a better response rate is provided in patients on HAART with undetectable HIV-RNA load, longer duration of HAART use, female gender and younger age. Around 50% of our HIV-infected cohort responded on initial HBV vaccination. In an attempt to achieve a higher response rate we prospectively revaccinated all non-responders three times at monthly intervals with double dose HBV vaccine. An additional 51% responded in the revaccination series. This response was more likely in patients younger than 40 years of age, irrespective of viral load, while in patients older than 40 years an undetectable HIV-RNA load is associated with a better response rate. We studied the possible relationship between HBV and influenza vaccination in HIV-infected patients. A trend for higher geometric mean titers, both in pre- and post- influenza immunization was found in HBV vaccination responders. We also retrospectively investigated the long-term efficacy of tenofovir administered as a part of antiretroviral therapy in a large cohort of HIV/HBV co-infected patients. It is shown that after five years of follow-up, approximately 90% of patients achieved undetectable HBV-DNA load. There was no significant difference between patients with or without lamivudine resistance at baseline. Furthermore, no confirmed genotypic substitutions in the HBV polymerase gene associated with decreased sensitivity to tenofovir have been identified in our cohort.