Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Probabilistic Topic Models for Social Networks

Adaptive Probabilistic Topic Models for Social Networks Arta Shayandeh Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Ankur M. Teredesai Institute of Technology Online social networks such as Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook generate tremendous amount of text and social interaction data. On one hand, the increasing amount of available information has motivated computational research in social network analysis to understand social structures. On the other hand, annotating, retrieving, and analyzing textual information generated within the social network is also crucial for many applications such as content ranking, recommendation systems, spam detection, and viral marketing. In this thesis we propose a composite probabilistic topic model for social networks which automatically learns topic (of interest) distributions for each entity in the social network using a combination of the available content (text) in social network and the structural properties of the network. The utility of our proposed modeling is to reduce the dimensionality of the data, exploit the underlying social structure and linkage property of the network while generating a more accurate topic model for the end-users of the social network. We discuss in detail the results on both the NIPS data set (papers from the Neural Information Processing Conference) and Enron Email (emails from large corporation) corpus. We present perplexity score for test documents as a basis of our experiments to evaluate the generalization performance of our model and provide evidence that relevant topics are discovered.
Which are the most suitable contextual indicators for use in widening participation to HE?

Abstract Universities are increasingly making decisions about undergraduate admissions with reference to contextual indicators to identify whether an applicant comes from a disadvantaged family, neighbourhood or school environment. However, the indicators used are often chosen because they are readily available, without consideration of the quality of possible alternatives. A review of existing research literature to assess potential contextual indicators yielded around 120,000 reports, and 28 categories of indicators. Each indicator was assessed on the basis of existing evidence concerning its relevance, reach, availability, accuracy, reliability and completeness. Many possible indicators are not readily available, or accurate enough for use in practice. Indicators concerning individual circumstances are generally safer than area-based or school characteristics. There are some indicators for very small categories that can be used relatively un-problematically as long as the data can be made available at time of candidate selection. None of these is a solution to the more general issue of contextualised admissions. Having a disability or special educational need is clearly linked to lower attainment and participation but not for all categories. The most suitable general indicator is eligibility for free school meals (FSM), based on the number of years an applicant has been known to be FSM-eligible.
Physiochemical lignocellulose modification by the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and its potential uses in the production of biofuels

Formosan subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki) and other wood-feeding insects have the ability to digest cellulose and structurally modify or degrade lignin. We examined the physical and chemical changes to lignocellulosic components of Chinese red pine (Pinus massoniana) after passing through the termite (C. formosanus) digestive system. The purpose of this research was to evaluate biochemical digestive processes in the C. formosanus gut as potential models for biofuels processing. Results suggest that demethylation, demethoxylation, and propyl side-chain modification are responsible for higher lignin removal and cellulose crystallinity reduction after structural alteration. SEM images also further indicated that unlike the fungus- growing termites Odontotermes formosanus, the lower termites C. formosanus disrupted the lignocellulose structure, and thus resulted in an increase of surface area to cellulase. Comparative enzymatic hydrolysis tests between raw wood and C. formosanus faeces revealed an enhanced level of enzymatic digestibility in digested material. Based on the results, C. formosanus can efficiently modify lignin at ambient temperatures and pressures in contrast to current methods used in biofuels production.
Magnetic energy fluxes in sub-Alfvénic planet star and moon planet interactions

Context. Electromagnetic coupling of planetary moons with their host planets is well observed in our solar system. Similar couplings of extrasolar planets with their central stars have been studied observationally on an individual as well as on a statistical basis. Aims. We aim to model and to better understand the energetics of planet star and moon planet interactions on an individual and as well as on a statistical basis. Methods. We derived analytic expressions for the Poynting flux communicating magnetic field energy from the planetary obstacle to the central body for sub-Alfvenic interaction. We additionally present simplified, readily useable approximations for the total Poynting flux for small Alfven Mach numbers. These energy fluxes were calculated near the obstacles and thus likely present upper limits for the fluxes arriving at the central body. We applied these expressions to satellites of our solar system and to HD 179949 b. We also performed a statistical analysis for 850 extrasolar planets. Results. Our derived Poynting fluxes compare well with the energetics and luminosities of the satellites’ footprints observed at Jupiter and Saturn. We find that 295 of 850 extrasolar planets are possibly subject to sub-Alfvenic plasma interactions with their stellar winds, but only 258 can magnetically connect to their central stars due to the orientations of the associated Alfven wings. The total energy fluxes in the magnetic coupling of extrasolar planets vary by many orders of magnitude and can reach values larger than 10 19 W. Our calculated energy fluxes generated at HD 179949 b can only explain the observed energy fluxes for exotic planetary and stellar magnetic field properties. In this case, additional energy sources triggered by the Alfven wave energy launched at the extrasolar planet might be necessary. We provide a list of extrasolar planets where we expect planet star coupling to exhibit the largest energy fluxes. As supplementary information we also attach a table of the modeled stellar wind plasma properties and possible Poynting fluxes near all 850 extrasolar planets included in our study. Conclusions. The orders of magnitude variations in the values for the total Poynting fluxes even for close-in extrasolar planets provide a natural explanation why planet star coupling might have been only observable on an individual basis but not on a statistical basis.
The effect of the backpack on spine.

The objective of this work is to study the effect of the backpack on the components of the spine system of a child, know the effect of an eccentric load on the intervertebral discs, the creating a 3D model of the spine of child of 80 kg overall weight under the effect of three eccentric load (P2, P3, P4) plus P1 compression load and calculated by the element method ends, For the boundary conditions we fixed the sacrum (Embedding the sacrum). We propose in this section to draw up a comprehensive study of the distributions of stresses and normal elastic strain of Von Mises in the intervertebral discs based on loads supported. The results show that the stress and strain of Von Mises are highest and concentrated in four intervertebral discs (D1, D15, D16 and D17), which causes a problem that calls (herniated disc). We concluded that the cause of t he posterior load, a 350 mm lever arm with a 200N load present maximum Von Mises stresses concentrated in four intervertebral discs (D1, D15, D16, D17), which justifies the distance between the load which is the point of application of the load and the axi s of the spine plays a very important role in increasing the solicitation of the latter .
In situ swimming and orientation behavior of spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) postlarvae

Larval dispersal is common in benthic marine organisms, but the environmental cues guiding the final larval stages to settlement habitat remain largely unknown. Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus spend 5 to 12 mo at sea as pelagic phyllosome larvae before transitioning into rapidly swimming and non-feeding puerulus postlarvae. Spiny lobster postlarvae are special- ized to seek settlement habitat, making them an ideal model for studying orientation behavior during the transition to benthic environments. We observed the swimming orientation of P. argus in the open ocean during all hours of the day and across tidal phases using a circular behavioral arena deployed at sea. Contrary to laboratory observations of only nocturnal activity, swimming and orientation occurred during both the day and the night in open waters ca. 6 to 8 km offshore in the Florida Straits. Individual postlarvae swam directionally with similar accuracy in all hours. The mean orientation direction was significantly different with tidal phase. Postlarvae oriented to the southeast (163.5°) during flood tide, and to the southwest during ebb flow (225.1°), placing them on a shoreward trajectory. Postlarval behavior was circatidal, and during ebb tide, innate swimming behavior beneficial to finding settlement habitat was triggered. Postlarvae also ori- ented relative to the wind, potentially using the sea breeze to orient towards the coast. A change in behavior tied to ubiquitous coastal signals is a strategy likely used by other pelagic larvae searching for a benthic home.
FINGERPRINT MATCHING BASED ON PORE CENTROIDS

In recent years there has been exponential growth in the use of biometrics for user authentication applications. Automated Fingerprint Identification systems have become popular tool in many security and law enforcement applications. Most of these systems rely on minutiae (ridge ending and bifurcation) features. With the advancement in sensor technology, high resolution fingerprint images (1000 dpi) provide micro level of features (pores) that have proven to be useful features for identification. In this paper, we propose a new strategy for fingerprint matching based on pores by reliably extracting the pore features The extraction of pores is done by Marker Controlled Watershed segmentation method and the centroids of each pore are considered as feature vectors for matching of two fingerprint images. Experimental results shows that the proposed method has better performance with lower false rates and higher accuracy.
An assessment of common atmospheric particulate matter sampling and toxic metal analysis methods.

In this study, the atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was sampled using the tapered element oscillating microbalance, and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS) were used for determination of elemental composition of the PM. The efficiency and relevance of the sampling method, ICP-MS and SEM/EDS in toxic metal analysis were assessed. Low flow rate yielded high accumulated mass of particulate matter. The efficiency of the filter media used was found to be, in decreasing order: teflon-coated glass fiber, ringed-teflon and quartz filters. The main elements identified from the SEM/EDS on ringed-teflon filters were Si, Fe, Mg, K, Na, C, S, F and O, and for ICPMS, the following main elements were identified: Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn and Mn. The ICP-MS proved to be more relevant for the analysis of the toxic metals of interest. The standard deviations obtained from this method were less than 30% for most of the metals identified. The method detection limit was also low (0.2 to 1 �g/L) for most metals, and 50% and less standard deviation to mean ratios were obtained for Ni and Pb.
Improvement of High Vitamin B 12 Thua nao by Mixed Cultures of Soybean Oligosaccharide and the Use of Bacteria and Yeasts

The traditional production of “Thua nao” involves predominantly Bacillus spp. fermentation on soybean substrates. It is a high protein fermented food with ammonia smell but without vitamin B 12 content. Based on soybean fermented sources and oligosaccharide (raffinose) utilizing capability, three potent microbial isolates with different characteristics to improve Thua-nao fermentation have been selected. They are a high proteolytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a high vitamin B12 producing Klebsiella sp.KB2 and a pleasant aroma contributing yeast, Candida sp. KB1. Cocultures fermentation of Bacillus sp. B4 and Klebsiella sp. KB2 could improve the quality of Thua-nao by enhancing more soluble protein and vitamin B12 contents in the fermented soybean up to 91.43 μg/100gdw as nine times higher than control fermentation inoculated with Klebsiella sp. KB2 alone. Furthermore, the local Thua-nao isolate, Candida sp. KB1 could significantly decrease the strong ammonia smell without interference on the vitamin B12 content of the product.
A self-consistent treatment of radiation in coronal loop modelling

We perform a hydrodynamic simulation of a cooling coronal loop and calculate the time-dependent ion populations of the most abundant elements of the solar atmosphere at each time-step. We couple the time-dependent ion balance equations to the hydrodynamic equations in order to treat the energy loss through radiation in a self-consistent way by allowing for the emission from a potentially nonequilibrium ion population. We present results for the response to the changing conditions in the loop of the population of C VII ions and find significant deviations from equilibrium in the coronal and footpoint regions of the loop. The former is due to the tenuous nature of the coro- nal plasma causing recombinations to be rare and the latter is due to the strong downflows that develop as the loop cools, which carry persistent C VII ions into the lower regions of the loop. We also present a comparison between total plasma emissivity curves calculated during this simulation and an almost identical simulation that assumed an equilibrium ion population for the calculation of the radiation term. As a result of the nonequilibrium ion populations we find significant di erences between the emissivity curves of each simulation and the loop cooling times. We suggest that a consideration of nonequilibrium ionisation and radiation might help to (a) explain the thermal broadening observed in some emission lines during explosive events, and (b) reconcile dierences between theory and observations relating to the longevity of some loops observed in the TRACE filters.
Optimization of Culture Conditions Affecting Carboxy Methyl Cellulase Production by Aspergillus Species

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of new Aspergillus strain isolated from electroplating industry to produce Carboxymethyl Cellulase from agriculture waste. Agricultural wastes have great potential for the production of value added products with special reference to enzymes. Corn husk was used as substrate for Carboxymethyl Cellulase (CMCase) production by Aspergillus species through submerged fermentation. Optimization of parameters such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration was performed for the optimal production of CMCase. The fungal strain produced highest CMCase activity (3.3±0.01 IU/ml) at 5% (w/v) level of corn husk as substrate at 28°C and pH 8 over 72 hrs of incubation.
Effect of MgO Buffer Layer on The Quality of ZnO Films Grown on C-Sapphire by Plasma-assisted MBE Method

We have investigated the role of low temperature (LT)-MgO buffer layer on the quality of ZnO films grown on c-sapphirebyplasma-assistedmolecularbeamepitaxy(P-MBE)method. EffectofMgObufferthicknessand its annealing were evaluated. We found that surface morphology and crystalline quality of the ZnO layers were improved by controlling of the buffer layers. There is no improvement in morphology and crystalline quality of the ZnO layers if the buffer thickness is less than the critical thickness. The critical thickness is determined to be 1.5 nm. Furthermore, surface, structural, optical, and electrical qualities of the ZnO layers were improved by annealing MgO buffer at high temperature. Dislocation density of the ZnO layer was reduced from 5.3 x10 9 cm -2 to 1.9 x10 9 cm -2 by annealing the MgO buffer layer. The results indicate that we can engineer defect in highly mismatched heteroepitaxial using buffer layer.
Urban form and daily mobility : methodological aspects and empirical study in the case of Bordeaux

The influence of land use on daily mobility patterns can be described by the two dimensions of urban form: the first is quantitative, that is density, and the second is qualitative, that is land use mix. Empirical studies usually add control variables such as sociodemographic characteristics. They suppose that urban form factors and sociodemographic factors have a separate influence on travel patterns. In this paper, we first show the possibility of a causal relationship between urban form and sociodemographic characteristics. Thus previous results, which suppose that these two kinds of factors are separated, may be biased. It describes systematic relationships between urban form, socio-demographic characteristics, and daily mobility. As a consequence, we have to use specific econometric methods to test the motives of mobility. We develop a new tool: the ‘typological regressions’. Travel patterns in the metropolitan area of Bordeaux are then analyzed. Results allow to disentangle the interaction between land use patterns and travel behaviours.
Covariance analysis for geodesy and geophysics

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Design of a Stealthy Antenna Using COMSOL Multiphysics

Ab stract: This paper will describe some applications of COMSOL Multiphysics® to the analysis of Frequency Selective surface structures. In particular attention will be focused to the possibility of designing a stealthy antenna using the FSS structure. In fact, since it possesses a dual filter concept of frequency and polarization for electromagnetic wave, the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of the antenna is reduced.
The effect of curvature on quasi-modes in coronal loops

This paper studies quasi-mode oscillations in models of coronal loops that include longitudinal curvature. Using a toroidal coordinate system to incorporate curvature in a basic coronal loop model, the linearized ideal MHD equations are solved for the plasma-β = 0. As a result of the curvature, quasi-modes with different poloidal wave numbers are coupled resulting in modifications of the frequencies. However, for small curvature, only the coupling of quasi-modes with a neighbouring poloidal wave number remains in first order. In addition, the quasi-mode frequencies are unchanged up to first order in the curvature. The imaginary part of the frequency, however, does change in first order, and quasi-modes are slightly more damped in realistically curved coronal loop configurations.
Primary Aspiration Technique in Endovascular Stroke Treatment

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of “Primary Aspiration Technique” as an initial approach for intracranial artery occlusions in treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Material and Methods: A total of 107 patients with acute large intracerebral artery occlusions located in the anterior or posterior circulation were included in the study. All the patients were treated with “Primary Aspiration Technique” by using either the Penumbra ACE or the ACE 64 aspiration catheter (Penumbra Inc.). Recanalisation results were assessed by follow-up angiography immediately after the procedure. Neurological evaluation using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was performed on admission and at discharge. Results: “Primary Aspiration Technique” alone was successfully used in 65% of the cases. The overall recanalisation rates were achieved in 88.8% of the cases. In 37 of the 107 cases (35%) secondary stent retriever devices were used in addition. If primary aspiration was successful, the median time from groin puncture until final recanalisation was 32 minutes. An early good clinical outcome at discharge (mRS ≤2) was seen in a total of 50 patients (47%). In-hospital mortality was 15% (16/107). 58.6% (41/70) of the patients achieved an early good clinical outcome (mRS ≤2) when primary aspiration technique was successful. By performing primary aspiration in different vessels the chance of receiving a Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction score ≥2b in the middle cerebral artery was 2.3 times higher than in the terminal internal carotid artery. Conclusions: “Primary Aspiration Technique” is a safe and effective endovascular thrombectomy method. The main advantages of aspiration technique are the fast procedure time and the high rate of favourable clinical outcome if primary aspiration is successful.
Could a future “Grand Solar Minimum” like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming?

A future Maunder Minimum type grand solar minimum, with total solar irradiance reduced by 0.25% over a 50 year period from 2020 to 2070, is imposed in a future climate change scenario experiment (RCP4.5) using, for the first time, a global coupled climate model that includes ozone chemistry and resolved stratospheric dynamics (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). This model has been shown to simulate two amplifying mechanisms that produce regional signals of decadal climate variability comparable to observations, and thus is considered a credible tool to simulate the Sun's effects on Earth's climate. After the initial decrease of solar radiation in 2020, globally averaged surface air temperature cools relative to the reference simulation by up to several tenths of a degree Centigrade. By the end of the grand solar minimum in 2070, the warming nearly catches up to the reference simulation. Thus, a future grand solar minimum could slow down but not stop global warming.
Polypropylene Price Dynamics: Input Costs or Downstream Demand?

This paper investigates price dynamics between polypropylene (PP), propylene, naphtha, and crude oil together with proxies representing PP using industries. We test the dynamics in the South East Asian and North Western European markets. The paper is motivated due to the importance of the propylene and PP market in various downstream industries and importantly to aid producers in having a better understanding of how input costs and demand drive the prices. We employ a vector error correction framework, which facilitates testing different dynamics among the upstream and downstream prices. We find PP prices in both regions to be endogenous, albeit with some evolution over time, i.e., input costs and downstream demand factors tend to drive PP prices. In both regional markets shocks to naphtha and oil prices tend to be driven mostly by each other’s price with little effect originating from PP and propylene prices.