Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vzdělávání v kardiologii | Education in cardiology Hypertenze a chronická onemocnění ledvin

Chronic kidney diseases – arising from inborn or acquired renal disorders – are one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. Renal parenchymatous hypertension accompanying bilateral or unilateral kidney diseases is more prevalent than renovascular hypertension. The prevalence and severity of hypertension are infl uenced by age, weight, type of renal affl iction, and depth of renal dysfunction. In multifactorial pathogenesis, sodium retention plays the crucial role together with dysbalance concerning effects of different vasoactive substances; however, unequivocal distinction between volumeand renin-type hypertension is diffi cult. The treatment of renal hypertension includes appropriate lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, hemoelimination methods and radiological or urological invasive procedures. In chronic kidney diseases with increased albuminuria or proteinuria, ACE inhibitors and AT1-blockers are preferred. Combination of several antihypertensives is often required to achieve the target blood pressure. Increased blood pressure represents not only the manifestation of chronic kidney diseases but also an important factor concerning the renal and cardiovascular risk. Klíčová slova: Cílový krevní tlak Farmakoterapie Chronické onemocnění ledvin Progrese Renální hypertenze
Differential Regulation of the p 21 / WAF-1 and mdm 2 Genes after High-Dose UV Irradiation : p 53-Dependent and p 53-Independent Regulation of the mdm 2 Gene

Background: DNA damage in mammalian cells stabilizes the p53 protein which then functions as a cell cycle checkpoint by leading to growth arrest or apoptosis. p53 is a transcription factor and positively regulates the expression of the p21/WAF-1 gene and the mdm2 gene. After high-dose UV irradiation, p53 increases the expression of the p21/WAF-1 gene immediately (2 to 5 hours after irradiation) while the induction of the mdm2 gene is delayed (8 to 12 hours after irradiation). Experiments presented here explore this differential expression of two different p53-regulated genes. Materials and Methods: IP-Westem (protein) and Northern (rnRNA) blot experiments are used to follow mdm2 and p21 /WAF1 expression in primary rat or mouse cells after a low-dose (4 J/m2) or a high-dose (20 J/M2) of UV irradiation. Northern blot and nuclear run-on experiments are employed to study mRNA stability as well as transcription rates of selected genes. Results: After high-dose UV irradiation, p53 is rapidly stabilized and the expression of p21/WAFI is imrnediately increased. By contrast, both protein and mRNA levels of mdm2 first decrease in a p53-independent manner, and later increase in a p53-dependent manner. The initial decline of mdm2 expression following high-dose UV irradiation is UV-dosage dependent and regulated at the level of transcription. Conclusion: p53 regulates two genes, p21/WAF1 (blocks cell cycle progression) and mdm2 (reverses p53 activity), that mediate opposite actions. This process is regulated in a temporal fashion after high-dose UV irradiation, so that cell cycle progression can be halted while DNA repair continues prior to reversal of p53-mediated arrest by mdm2.
Efficient Web-based Review for Automatic Segmentation Results of Volumetric DICOM Images

Medical imaging produces many images every day in clinical routine. Keeping up with the daily image analysis task and this vast amount of data is quite a challenge for radiologists. However, these analysis tasks can be automated with well-proven automatic segmentation methods. Segmentation reviewing of an expert is necessary because learningbased automatic segmentation methods may not perform well on exceptional image data. Creating valid segmentations by reviewing them also improve the learning-based methods. Combining established standards with modern technologies creates a flexible environment to efficiently evaluate multiple segmentation algorithm outputs based on different metrics and visualizations and report these analysis results back to a clinical system environment. The presented software system can inspect such quantitative results in a fast and intuitive way, potentially improving the daily repetitive segmentation review and rework of a research radiologist. The presented system is designed to be integrated into a virtual distributed computing environment with other systems and analysis methods. Critical factors for this particular environment are the handling of many patient data and routine automated analysis with state of the art technology. First experiments show that the time to review automatic segmentation results can be roughly divided in half while the confidence of the radiologist is enhanced. The system is also able to highlight individual slices which are essential for the expert’s review decision. For this highlighting, different metric scores are compared and evaluated.
Significance of rumen protected L-arginine – supplementation on certain blood parameters , mammary gland functions and growth rate of newly born lambs

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rumen-protected L-arginine (ARG) on the udder of ewes and growth rate of newly born lambs. At 15±3 days postpartum, ten clinically healthy, 3-4 years ewes with body weight 49.11±4.03 Kg were divided randomly into 2 equal groups Group 1: served as control, without any treatment. Group 2: treated with Rumen protected L-Arginine 20 Mg/Kg body weight, for 30 days. The animals were examined with ultrasound, and blood samples were taken at the 10, 20 and 30 days of ARG supplementations begin, and the lambs were weighted in the same times. The results of this study revealed that significant differences (P<0.05), between ARG treatment and control one, in some udder measurement's. The glucose concentration after 10, 20, and 30 days of treatment showed significant differences (P<0.01, and 0.05), where the ARG treatment had higher glucose concentration than control. Also, there were significant differences (P<0.05), between ARG treatment and control group, in the urea and AST concentrations. There was an increase in the lamb's body weight at 10, 20 and 30 Day of ARG treatment. The ARG supplementation appeared to have significant effects on postpartum udder measurements as well as the growth rate of the newly born lambs.
Analysis of mechanical properties of an Aluminum + MWCNT compound manufactured by FSP Análisis de propiedades mecánicas de un compuesto de Aluminio + NTCMC fabricado por PFA

The technique of Friction Stir Processing (FSP), can alter the microstructure of a metallic alloy generating a refinement of grain in the material by modifying it and closing porosity of previous processes, creating new crystallographic textures that may contribute to the magnetic performance material is different in comparison with the base material. This technique is considered appropriate for the introduction of agents that alter the mechanical and tribological properties, in this work was chosen as the reinforcing agent of Carbon Nanotubes Multilayer (MWCNT) that strengthen an aluminum alloy of an increment by the time in the industry. To analyze the change in the behavior of the material (Al+CNT) traction tests were carried out and scratched at room temperature. Key Word — Agitation Friction Processing (FSP), Aluminum, Multi-layer carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), grated test, tensile test. Resumen— La técnica de Procesamiento por Fricción Agitación PFA, puede alterar la microestructura de una aleación metálica generando un refinamiento de grano en el material modificándolo y cerrando porosidades de procesos previos, generando nuevas texturas cristalográficas que pueden contribuyen a que el desempeño magnético del material sea distinto en comparación con el material base. Esta técnica se considera apropiada para la introducción de agentes reforzantes que alteran las propiedades mecánicas y tribológicas, en este trabajo se eligió como agente reforzante los Nanotubos de Carbono de Multicapas (NTCMC) que reforzaran una aleación de Aluminio de uso cada vez más frecuente en la industria. Para analizar el cambio del comportamiento del material (Al+CNT) se realizaron pruebas de tracción y rayado a temperatura ambiente. Palabras clave— Procesamiento por Fricción Agitación (PFA), Aluminio, Nanotubos de carbono de múltiple capa (NTCMC), prueba de rallado, prueba de tracción.
BETWEEN THE SCYLLA OF SHORT EMPIRICAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND THE CHARYBDIS OF ANTIEMPIRICAL

The text is a voice in the debate on Adam Niemczyński’s article, “The Importance of Developmental Theory to Psychological Empirical Studies on Individual Human Development. ” Agreeing with the thesis that empirical reports dominate in today’s psychology, I critically consider arguments suggesting changes. I challenge the view of theoretical research vs. empirical research as opposites. I also show that short empirical reports make as little valuable contribution to science as does theorizing which ignores these reports. In conclusion, I propose three conditions for a good theory, which should be constructed as a synthesis of theoretical thinking and empirical research.
A pr 2 00 9 NITheP-09-08 Path integral action of a particle in the non commutative plane

Non commutative quantummechanics can be viewed as a quantum system represented in the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting on non commutative configuration space. Taking this as departure point, we formulate a coherent state approach to the path integral representation of the transition amplitude. From this we derive an action for a particle moving in the non commutative plane and in the presence of an arbitrary potential. We find that this action is non local in time. However, this non locality can be removed by introducing an auxilary field, which leads to a second class constrained system that yields the non commutative Heisenberg algebra upon quantization. Using this action the propagator of the free particle and harmonic oscillator are computed explicitly. For the harmonic oscillator this action yields the frequencies already obtained by other means in the literature.
Fair Trade branding as a purchase criterion Master ’ s thesis within Business Administration

Background: In the 1970’s, the first concerns regarding manufacturing pollution headed off in Sweden and an enormous demand was created. The result came to be an enhanced consumption of ingredient branded products such as KRAV, Bra Miljöval and The Swan to mention a few. Fair Trade entered the Swedish shelves in 1996 which gave the consumers the possibility to buy products and contribute to better conditions for farmers and employees in developing countries. Problem: In 1995 a research was performed, which showed that 50 percent of the respondents did not buy products with for instance an environmental concerned label due to the significantly higher price. Some argue against this and believe that it is more of a marketing issue. Customers have become more aware in their shopping and, in order to keep them, companies must meet their demands by paying more attention to how they run their business. Purpose: The aim with this thesis is to investigate why managers make decisions to purchase ingredient branded products, particulary Fair Trade. Method: To accomplish this thesis a qualitative approach has been applied with the intention to describe the result from performed telephone and personal interviews with companies within chain restaurants, hotels, grocery stores, and textile retail stores. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the decision to introduce Fair Trade labelled products depended on factors such as; the introduction year of these products, the history of the company and core values. Managers at the selected companies decided to purchase products with the ingredient brand Fair Trade for different reasons. Either since they had a long history of concern for fair production and rooted values or due to that the introduction of these products contributed to a good business image or to clean the company’s history.
Serial control of CNC machines

In this paper a new method of the serial control of CNC machines is proposed. Actuators are controlled locally and the role of the central computer is limited to sending commands to the controller instead of sending it directly to actuators. It has been achieved with the use of the serial protocol with the use of the USB port. The taken approach leads to more reliable operation because commands are buffered and no synchronization between command stream and actuators operation is needed.
Influence of IPRs and Competition Policy on the Development of Entrepreneurship across Countries

Institutions, as the rules of the game, influence the emergence and development of entrepreneurship in important ways. Most of the existing studies have investigated entrepreneurship within a given institutional environment without considering the variations of institutions in different national contexts. In this paper we study the impact of two economic institutions that are particularly relevant to entrepreneurship ? the intellectual property rights (IPRs) and the enforcement of the competition policy, as well as their interaction effects on the development of entrepreneurship especially those dealing with technological innovations. We propose that IPRs is positively associated with entrepreneurial activity and this effect is contingent upon the enforcement level of competition policy. The hypotheses are examined within a framework of pooling a cross-section of 60 countries during the periods between 2002 and 2007. The findings show surprisingly that strengthened IPR protection adversely affects the entry of entrepreneurs adopting new technology and this relationship is attenuated by the increasing enforcement of competition policy. Jelcodes:M13,O34 1 Influence of Intellectual Property Rights and Competition Policy on the Development of Entrepreneurship across Countries
Models of Fraud Detection and Analysis of Payment Transactions Using Machine Learning

The work’s aim is to research a set of selected mathematical models and algorithms that examine the data of a single payment transaction to classify it as fraud or verified. Described models are implemented in the form of a computer code and algorithms, and therefore can be executed in real-time. The main objective is to apply different methods of machine learning to find the most accurate, in other words, the one in which the cross-validation score is maximal. Thus, the main problem to resolve is the creation of a model that could instantly detect and block a given fraudulent transaction in order to provide better security and user experience. At first, we determine the classification problem: which initial data we have, how we can interpreter it to find the solution. The next part is dedicated to presenting the methods for solving the classification problem. In particular, we describe such approaches as Logistic Regression, Support Vectors Method (SVM), K-Nearest neighbours, Decision Tree Classifier and Artificial Neural Networks; provide the notion of how these methods operate the data and yield the result. At the end, we apply these methods to the provided data using Python programming language and analyze the results.
The Meaning of Statements in Thought Disorders

Background and Objectives: In psychiatry, a great role is played by the knowledge of psychopathology, psychiatric semiotics, without which the practical work of a psychiatrist is impossible. A special place in psychiatric semiotics belongs to thought disorders, which symptoms are difficult to define. There are some contradictions in their description and interpretation, but the fact that thought disorders are reflected in the speech of patients is beyond question. Studies of the nature of the relationship between thinking and speech have not yet led to an unequivocal result. Therefore, there is a need to study the diagnostic value of the patients’ statements in mental illnesses associated with the pathology of thinking. This is the purpose of this research. Methods: The paper used the author’s method of assessing the meaning of the patients’ statements by comparing with a reference meaningful text. Results: The author analyzed some examples of statements by patients with speech incoherence and schizophasia. The obtained results confirm the main hypothesis of the study: the statements of patients a priori have at least some share of meaning. Conclusions: If a person has problems with thinking and has lost the ability to think consciously, then his/her statements (text, speech) will be deprived of the part of meaning that allows one to freely perceive and understand their sense. However, these statements will contain meaning. The research results are a discussion paper. It provides a theoretical justification for the hypothesis put forward on the existence of meaning in the statements of patients with thinking disorders. The paper is recommended for discussion and may be of interest to researchers of thought disorder and practicing psychiatrists.
Proximate , Functional and Pasting Properties of Cassava Starch and Mushroom ( Pleurotus Pulmonarius ) Flour Blends

Our interest in this study is the production of cassava starch and mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonaris) composite blends for the purpose of edible film production. Therefore the determination of the proximate, functional and pasting properties is points of interest. Composite flour blends was prepared from Cassava starch (CS) and mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius (MS) to obtain flour blends of cassava starch: mushroom (P. pulmonarius) flour; CS:MS 100:00, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40. The proximate, functional and pasting properties were determined using standard procedures and 100% cassava starch was used as control. The proximate analysis ranged from 8.79 to 9.35%, 0.55 to 26.23%, 0.34 to 2.01%, 0.32 to 8.24% and 0.10 to 17.86% for moisture, protein, fat and ash respectively while Carbohydrate ranged from 36.31 to 89.62%, amylose contents 18.47 to 25.35% and energy value ranged from 268.23 to 363.73Kcal. There were significant (p≤ 0.05) differences in the water absorption capacity, swelling power and solubility measured at various temperatures. The peak and trough viscosity ranged from 161.95 to 244.91RVU and 100.36 to 175.61 with the lowest value at CS:MS 60:40% and CS:MS100:00% as the highest. Final viscosity ranged from 227.32(CS:MS 60:40) to 315.10RVU (CS100%) while the pasting temperature and time ranged from 81.43 to 83.29 °C and 4.79 (CS:MS 80:20) to 5.75 (CS:MS 60:40%). These results suggest an improvement in the nutritional properties of the composite blends and strong dependence of the pasting and functional properties of the flours on the composition.
Title Turbulent diffusion of magnetic fields in weakly ionized gas Permalink

The diffusion of unidirectional magnetic fields by two-dimensional turbulent flows in a weakly ionized gas is studied. The fields here are orthogonal to the plane of fluid motion. This simple model arises in the context of the decay of the mean magnetic flux–to–mass ratio in the interstellar medium. When ions are strongly coupled to neutrals, the transport of a large-scale magnetic field is driven by both turbulent mixing and nonlinear, ambipolar drift. Using a standard homogeneous and Gaussian statistical model for turbulence, we show rigorously that a large-scale magnetic field can decay on turbulent mixing timescales when the field and neutral flow are strongly coupled. There is no enhancement of the decay rate by ambipolar diffusion. These results extend the Zeldovich theorem to encompass the regime of two-dimensional flows and orthogonal magnetic fields, recently considered by Zweibel. The limitation of the strong coupling approximation and its implications are discussed. Subject headings: diffusion— ISM: magnetic fields—magnetic fields— turbulence
Clinical characteristics on low-dose high-resolution computed tomography and serum tumor markers of malignant pulmonary solid small nodules and postoperative survival analysis.

PURPOSE To observe the clinical features of low-dose, high-resolution computed tomography (LDCT) and changes in serum tumor markers in malignant pulmonary solid small nodules (MPSSN), and to analyze the difference in survival of patients with malignant and benign PSSN 3 years after surgery. METHODS Patients were enrolled from the thoracic surgery department of three hospitals. According to pathological diagnosis, all patients were divided into the case group (MPSSN, n=157) and the control group (BPSSN, n=75). There were no significant differences in gender, smoking habit, and family disease history. All subjects were subjected to LDCT. Four serum tumor markers (CEA, SCC, NSE, ProGRP) were examined simultaneously. Two independent sample t-tests, Mann-Whitney U rank sum test and Pearson chi-square test were used for comparsions. Two-category logistic regression was performed to analyze LDCT index and serum tumor markers levels of the two groups. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of relevant indicators. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank and generalized Wilcoxon test were used to analyze the survival rate of patients after surgery. RESULTS In univariate analysis, age, nodule size, bronchial aeration sign, bronchial truncation sign, burr sign, smooth sign and lobulated sign, SCC, NSE, and ProGRP were significantly different between two groups (p<0.05 or 0.01). In the regression analysis, there was a significant correlation between MPSSN and age (X1) [95%CI (1.272, 5.257), p=0.009], nodule size (X2) [95%CI (1.066, 2.746), p=0.041], bronchial aeration sign (X3) [95%CI (1.384, 11.425), p=0.010], bronchial truncation sign (X4) [95 %CI (1.269, 13.444), p=0.018] and burr sign (X5) [95%CI (0.054, 0.661), p=0.009], ProGRP (X10) [95%CI (1.302, 2.439), p=0.040]. The stepwise regression equation is Logistic(p)=-3.014+0.950 X1+0.064 X2+1.380 X3+1.419 X4-1.666 X5+0.263 X10. Log-rank and generalized Wilcoxon test analysis showed no difference in survival rate between the two groups (log rank p=0.271, generalized Wilcoxon, p=0.139). CONCLUSIONS The levels of CEA, SCC, NSE and ProGRP in MPSSN were increased; age, nodule size, bronchial aeration sign, bronchial truncation sign and burr sign had predictive value for MPSSN. Patients with PSSN had better survival rates at 3 years after surgery.
Trojan horse in combinational bacterial killing : the virtue of prickly Zn-CuO as in situ ‘ package ’ for accelerated antibiosis

a Department of Critical Care Medicine Unit, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China. b Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China c Department of Pain Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China d Department of Oncology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
IS THE PROCESS OF DEMOCRATIZATION THE MEAN FOR A PEACEFUL WORLD ? A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOCRATIC PEACE THEORY

The article examines democratic peace theory. Considerable research has examined how the regime type and the level of democracy relate with the probability of war. In addressing this issue, the article rests on the premise that democratization can be seen in two forms: a) as an internal process towards democracy b) as an external effort to promote or establish democratic regimes. Contributing to the debate regarding democratic peace theory, it is argued that democratization fails to deter states from pursuing their interests through war. However, and with regard to new forms of ‘wars’ like “terrorism”, democratization can provide both the much needed space for cooperation and the creation of pluralistic societies that will accordingly help to confront some of the sources of rage.