Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Human–Computer Fusion Framework for Aircraft Recognition in Remote Sensing Images

Existing aircraft recognition methods usually regard recognition as an isolated classification problem, supposing that aircraft detection has finished. These methods use image slices each containing single aircraft as input, which is often not the case in practice. In order to recognize aircraft in remote sensing images that contain multiple objects and background, we propose a human–computer fusion framework that combines the advantages of human and computer. First, we propose candidate aircraft using human eye tracking, making use of the efficient and accurate search ability of human. Then, we propose a two-step recognition method, which simulates the recognition process of image analysts, to identify the types of candidate aircraft. In the first step, we recognize aircraft using fully connected features of a fine-tuned convolutional neural network (CNN). If it does not work, we go to the second step. In the second step, we use convolutional features extracted from the fine-tuned CNN for recognition. To improve the representational ability of convolutional features, we introduce the Fisher Vector encoding. Thorough experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework is effective, surpassing state-of-the-art methods on recognition performance.
A study of optical network RWA algorithm based on multiple physical layer impairments constraints

In transparent optical networks,how to avoid the impact of physical impairment in routing is a problem to be solved urgently.A new kind of RWA algorithm based on multiple physical layer impairments constraints is proposed to improve the issue of considering physical impairment relatively simple,attempt to use multiple physical impairments as multiple constraints,thereby could choose the least impact optical path to accomplish the linking request,meeting the requirement of the higher transmission quality in future networks.
Interacting Global Invariant Manifolds and Slow Manifolds in Slow-Fast Systems

Invariant manifolds of equilibria and periodic orbits are key objects that organize the behavior of a dynamical system both locally and globally. In slow-fast systems, that is, systems with sets of variables that evolve on two different time scales, there also exist so-called slow manifolds, along which the flow is very slow compared with the rest of the dynamics. Slow-fast systems are often found in various applications, including models for nerve conduction, physiological models, chemical models, ecological models and climate models, and slow manifolds play an important role for the overall dynamics. In particular, slow manifolds are known to organize the number of small oscillations of what are known as mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs). For slow-fast systems in R with two slow and one fast variables, slow manifolds are surfaces that can be either attracting or repelling, and intersections of two slow manifolds of different types are known as canard orbits. In addition, slow manifolds are locally invariant objects that may interact with invariant manifolds of equilibrium and periodic orbits, which are globally invariant objects. Such interactions may produce complicated dynamics about which only little is known from a few examples in the literature. This thesis focuses on such interactions in a slow-fast system with one fast and two slow variables. We present a numerical approach that allows for the systematic detection of canard orbits and intersections between other manifolds. The aim is to understand the consequences of the interaction between a global invariant manifold and a slow manifold for the overall dynamics in a slow-fast system. Specially, we study the generic situation of a quadratic tangency between the unstable manifold of a saddle-focus equilibrium and a repelling slow manifold. This scenario occurs in a system where the corresponding equilibrium undergoes a so-called supercritical singular Hopf bifurcation. We compute these manifolds as families of orbits segments with a two-point boundary value problem setup and track their intersections, referred to as connecting canard orbits, as a parameter is varied. We describe the local and global properties of the manifolds, as well as
The robotic telescopes system for GRB optical follow-up in Timau National Observatory

The occurrence of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) is yet unpredictable. Thus, follow-up observations to find its optical counterpart should be made as quickly as possible after the first detection, as well as kept being monitored on the observable area. In Southeast Asia region, two new robotic 50-cm telescopes system will be placed in Timau National Observatory, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, which has about 70% of clear sky fraction with low-latitude sky coverage. In this manuscript, the possibility of implementing the system for GRB follow-up is discussed, followed by its future prospects as a multi-messenger optical follow-up robotic telescope. The current properties and status of the system are also described.
Trustworthiness Modelling on Continuous Environmental Measurement

In the domain of environmental sciences, measurement is the process that maps some observed phenomenon to a formal measurement value, the latter being the result of a measurement process. The measurement process relies on data representing physical quantities of possibly continuously changing phenomena. Because of the inherent imprecision of this source data and interpretations made within the measurement process itself, the measurement processes and their measurement values are plagued with quality issues. Many of these quality issues may be parameterised and provided as metadata of the measurement value, e.g. precision, resolution, trustworthiness. Of these, the trustworthiness quality parameter is evaluated by the consumer of the measurement value; this evaluation is a subjective perception of the level of momentary reliance justifiably placed on the measurement value and possible quality parameters. Initially the level of trustworthiness is thus vacuous with the consumer’s trustworthiness building up by gained evidence in the provider in providing this type of a measurement value. In this paper we define a method for representing, calculating and monitoring the trustworthiness parameter placed on a provider providing measurement values. The inherent imprecision of any measurement value is considered as a level of (un)certainty with a three-valued representation. The presented method is based on Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence and uses Subjective Logic to calculate with the trustworthiness. We apply techniques of reputation based trustworthiness for a meaningful reliability analysis in environmental sciences. We validate our method on data from the indoor environment of a residential house.
HMM Technique For Gesture/Action Recognition For Video Input

CSMMI: Class Specific Maximization of Mutual Information is the approach which is being discussed in the further proceeding. CSMMI provides different and separate wordbook for each and every category. The specified approach i.e., CSMMI has two main goals. They are: 1.Maximizing the mutual data between wordbook inside an intrinsic structure.2. Minimizing the mutual data between the wordbook of extrinsic structure. The main aim of the project is action and gesture recognition which follows the following four main steps: they are Feature extraction, learning initial wordbook, CSMMI and Classification. In CSMMI we are going to use HMM: Hidden Markov Model. HMM involves evaluation, estimation and decoding processes. In the proposal of CSMMI each and every class will have its own discriminative dictionary which leads better performance when compared to other shared dictionary methods.
Doping Effects of Various Carrier Suppressing Elements on Solution-Processed SnOx-Based Thin-Film Transistors

We have studied indium-free, solution-processed thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on tin-based oxide (SnO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>) semiconductors with various dopants. The dopants include aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), and yttrium (Y) for their electron-suppressing properties and elemental abundance. A series of doping ratio has been studied and the doped devices exhibit improved switching characteristics as compared with pure SnO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>-based TFTs. A SnO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>-based TFT having a Zr-to-Sn ratio of 6.67% shows high performance with saturation mobility of 3.1 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vs, a turn on voltage of −5.4 V, and an ON– OFF current ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${4.9}\,\,\times \,\,{10}^{{6}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy studies were used to confirm that Zr can suppress oxygen vacancies effectively and significantly reduce carrier concentration. Furthermore, low-voltage SnZrO TFTs based on a solution-processed ZrO<sub>2</sub> dielectric layer were fabricated and performed at high saturation mobility of 10.9 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vs. This research may provide new valuable insights for improving SnO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>-based TFT performance.
A wideband stacked dielectric resonator antenna for 5G applications

A wideband stacked dielectric resonator antenna with stable patterns is proposed for fifth‐generation of mobile technology in this paper. With the help of inserted air gaps to reduce the radiation Q factor, the stacked structure with two thin high permittivity sheets and two hollow low permittivity slabs can provide four adjacent resonant modes to form a wide bandwidth. Measured results demonstrate that the antenna obtains an impedance bandwidth of 54% for |S11| < −10 dB and a peak gain of 9.2 dBi. The radiation patterns remain stable and symmetrical over the entire operating band.
Dynamic mechanism for the evolution and rapid intensification of Typhoon Hato (2017)

This study investigated the evolution of Typhoon Hato (1713) and analyzed the inner dynamics of its rapid intensification. The moving path of Hato was controlled by the southwestern part of the western Pacific subtropical high which extended westward significantly. Due to a relatively steady leading steering flow, the trajectory of Hato showed a straight ESE to WNW direction, leading to disastrous rainfall in southern Guangdong Province on 23 August before and after the landfall of the typhoon. In addition, Typhoon Hato exhibited a rapid intensification period from 3 to 13 o'clock on 23 August, with central wind speeds increasing from 35 to 48 m/s. This study mainly examined the inner dynamics of the development of Hato, especially its rapid intensification period. The regression analysis results showed that Hato was generated and developed under a TD‐type‐like wave. The coupled convection and vortex provided a favorable environment for the development of Hato. The analysis of the barotropic eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and latent heat flux further demonstrated this scenario. The results showed that the regions with a positive EKE tendency and strong latent heat release were consistent with the reach of and shifted westward with Hato. The EKE conversion was enhanced significantly on 23 August, with a maximum intensity observed over the northern South China Sea and southern Guangdong Province. The mean kinetic energy was largely converted to EKE, which, together with the great latent heat release, led to the rapid intensification of Hato.
Beyond X-Chromosome Inactivation: The Oncogenic Facet of XIST in Human Cancers

Long-non coding RNAs (LncRNAs) constitute a wide an d extremely diverse family of RNA transcripts that are greater than 200 base pairs in length and are not translate d into proteins. X-inactive specific transcript (XI ST) was the first long non-coding RNA to be discovered, back in 1991. Its function in X-chromosome inactivation has been exte nsively studied for three decades, though other functional roles of XIST that involve a variety of fascinating mechani sms remain to be elucidated. Here, we review the emerging oncogenic role of XIST in various human cancers.
$Ka$ -Band Fully Metallic TE40 Slot Array Antenna With Glide-Symmetric Gap Waveguide Technology

Gap waveguide has recently been proposed as a low-loss and low-cost technology for millimeter-wave components. The main advantage of the gap waveguide technology is that the microwave components can be manufactured in two metallic pieces that are assembled together without electrical contact. The leakage through a thin air gap between the two pieces is prevented by a 2-D periodic structure offering an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG). This EBG is conventionally implemented with metallic pins. Here, we propose the usage of a holey glide-symmetric EBG structure to design a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array antenna that is fed with a TE<sub>40</sub> mode. The TE<sub>40</sub> excitation is designed based on a TE<sub>10</sub>–TE<sub>20</sub> mode converter whose performance is initially evaluated by radiation pattern measurements. The final antenna, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array antenna, was manufactured in aluminum by computer numerical control (CNC) milling. The antenna has a rotationally symmetric radiation pattern that could find application as a reference antenna as well as for 5G point-to-point communications.
KAJIAN NUMERIK DISTRIBUSI UDARA PADA RUANG BER-AC UNTUK MENCAPAI TINGKAT EFISIENSI ENERGI YANG OPTIMAL

Title: Numeric Analysis Of Air Distribution In Air-Conditioned Room To Obtain Optimum Energy Effeciency LevelThe demand for household energy in Indonesia is dominated by air conditioning sector. One of the efforts to optimize air conditioner (AC) is to figure out the best air distribution pattern. Nowadays, there are three air distribution types of marketed AC; (1) perfect mixing, (2) displacement, and (3) radiant cooling. This research examines the influence of those types toward energy consuption to ensure indoor thermal comfort. It was conducted by conducting literature review, mathematical calculation, and numerical simulation. Based on SNI 03-6572-2001, the research applied comfort criteria of indoor air temperature of 24oC as setpoint with 28.1oC initial temperature. Energy consumption is estimated based on time required to achieve the setpoint. The fastest cooling time is obtained by displacement in 80 seconds, then perfect mixing in 112 seconds, and the longest is radiant cooling in 460 seconds. Energy calculation establishes three scenarios of heat load represented by air con’s idle time; (a) high load, 30 seconds, (b) moderate load, 60 seconds, and (c) low load, 90 seconds. For 300 hours of operational time per month, displacement consumes (a) 148.4, (b) 116.6, and (c) 96 kWh/month, whilst perfect mixing needs (a) 160.9, (b) 132.8, and (c) 113.1 kWh/month. Lastly, radiant cooling spends (a) 191.5, (b) 180.5, and (c) 170.6 kWh/month.
Fairness-based multi-task reward allocation in mobile crowdsourcing system

Mobile crowdsourcing-based applications, widely popular, exploit the sensing data crowdsourced from smartphone users without putting any burden on the extra cost of data sensing and collection. However, user participation in crowdsourcing incurs resource cost, such as battery, bandwidth, thus it is critical to design incentive mechanisms for propelling user's participation. Previous diverse incentive mechanisms designed for crowdsourcing applications only focus on users' contribution for reward allocation, while ignore another important property, i.e. fairness, users' reward should be corresponding with their cost. In this study, the authors first introduce a new concept called rate of return (RoR), defined as the ratio of received reward and incurred cost for each user, to demonstrate the property of fairness. With the goal of guarantee, the fairness of reward allocation for each user in a multiple-task system, three algorithms, consensus-based reward allocation, consensus-based balanced topology reward allocation and Gossip-based reward allocation are proposed for the demands of various scenarios, in which the RoR values are synchronised by optimising the fairness function in either centralised or decentralised manner. Through rigorous theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, it is finally demonstrated that the proposed reward allocation algorithms have the good property of fairness with quick convergence.
Time- and Frequency-Domain Characterization of the Relative Intensity Noise of a Quantum-Dot Frequency Comb Source Laser

The intensity noise of a quantum dot, coherent comb source laser is characterized using time- and frequency-domain measurements. The time-domain measurements yield the average relative intensity noise (RIN) over the measurement bandwidth, and by calculation, the correlation time and power spectral density (frequency resolved RIN). The frequency-domain measurements yield the RIN spectrum and, by calculation, the integrated RIN. The short duration (50 $\mu$s) time-domain results exhibit a line-to-line variability in the properties of the intensity noise that is not revealed by the frequency-domain measurements. It is shown that the RIN of a comb line can be reduced by over 13 dB using a saturated semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The performance of a low-complexity, low-latency 40 Gb/s intensity modulation, direct detection system using a comb line as a CW source, without and with SOA-based noise suppression, is assessed in terms of the bit error ratio.
Fabrication and Uniaxial Tensile Properties of Soldered Porous Copper Fiber-Sintered Sheets

Porous copper fiber-sintered sheets (PCFSSs) with different porosities were fabricated through the solid-phase sintering method using cutting copper fibers. PCFSSs with the same porosity and different porosities were then joined via a fluxless soldering method. By analyzing the uniaxial tensile property of the PCFSSs, the formation mechanism of the soldered PCFSSs was investigated. The difference in the tensile properties between the soldered and original PCFSSs was examined. Experimental results indicated that, for the PCFSSs with homogeneous porosity, reducing the porosity increased the tensile strength and elongation at break significantly. The fluxless soldering method with the lead-free solder resulted in excellent joining of the PCFSSs with the same porosity and different porosities. Moreover, the final tensile strength of the soldered PCFSSs with the same porosity was nearly equal to that of their parent PCFSSs. The tensile strength of the soldered PCFSSs with different porosities depended on the higher-porosity section. After soldering the PCFSSs, Young’s modulus increased and the elongation at break reduced.
Bayesian calibration of a building energy model by stochastic optimisation of root-mean square error

Bayesian calibration of dynamic computer models, particularly building physics and energy models, is not yet a procedure made easy for non-experts in machine learning and statistical methods. Prevailing methodologies, such as the Kennedy & O’Hagan (KOH) framework, require generating a surrogate model of a computer model’s output. This is to allow for the many numbers of iterations required by the Bayesian inference process, often in the order of thousands, to be carried out in a computationally feasible manner. The process of generating such an emulator has been found to be too arduous, or altogether infeasible, for calibration problems of dynamic, time-varying computer models. Recently, an alternative methodological interpretation of the Bayesian calibration process was presented by Tuo & Wu which might alleviate this barrier. Tuo & Wu surmised that stochastic optimisation of a computer model’s root-mean square error could satisfy Bayesian calibration criterion, requiring relatively fewer iterations of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) process in comparison to a KOH-based approach to dynamic model calibration. This paper presents the first adaptation of Tuo & Wu’s method for the building energy model calibration problem specifically. A framework is proposed for the calibration process that comprises two steps. First, an emulator of a building energy model’s root-mean-square-error (RMSE) is produced and verified. Second, one calls on this emulator to infer posterior predictions of calibration parameters that minimize the computer model’s RMSE. Two case studies illustrating the new framework’s use are presented, one of a toy analytical building energy model, and another of a real-world calibration problem of an monitored office space in Singapore.
Likelihood-based quantile autoregressive distributed lag models and its applications

ABSTRACT Time lag effect exists widely in the course of economic operation. Some economic variables are affected not only by various factors in the current period but also by various factors in the past and even their own past values. As a class of dynamical models, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models are frequently used to conduct dynamic regression analysis. In this paper, we are interested in the quantile regression (QR) modeling of the ARDL model in a dynamic framework. By combining the working likelihood of asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD) with the expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm into the considered ARDL model, the iterative weighted least square estimators (IWLSE) are derived. Some Monte Carlo simulations are implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimation method. A dataset of the consumption of electricity by residential customers is analyzed to illustrate the application.
An Empirical Study of Regression Bug Chains in Linux

Regression bugs are a type of bugs that cause a feature of software that worked correctly but stop working after a certain software commit. This paper presents a systematic study of <italic>regression bug chains</italic>, an important but unexplored phenomenon of regression bugs. Our paper is based on the observation that a commit <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$c1$</tex-math></inline-formula>, which fixes a regression bug <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b1$</tex-math></inline-formula>, may accidentally introduce another regression bug <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b2$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Likewise, commit <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$c2$</tex-math></inline-formula> repairing <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b2$</tex-math></inline-formula> may cause another regression bug <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b3$</tex-math></inline-formula>, resulting in a bug chain, i.e., <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b1\rightarrow c1\rightarrow b2\rightarrow c2\rightarrow b3$</tex-math></inline-formula>. We have conducted a large-scale study by collecting 1579 regression bugs and 2630 commits from 57 Linux versions (from 2.6.12 to 4.9). The relationships between regression bugs and commits are modeled as a directed bipartite network. Our major contributions and findings are fourfold: 1) a novel concept of regression bug chains and their formulation; 2) compared to an isolated regression bug, a bug on a regression bug chain is much more difficult to repair, costing 2.4× more fixing time, involving 1.3× more developers and 2.8× more comments; 3) 85.8% of bugs on the chains in Linux reside in Drivers, ACPI, Platform Specific/Hardware, and Power Management; and 4) 83% of the chains affect only a single Linux subsystem, while 68% of the chains propagate across Linux versions.