Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MREC: a fast and versatile framework for aligning and matching point clouds with applications to single cell molecular data

Comparing and aligning large datasets is a pervasive problem occurring across many different knowledge domains. We introduce and study MREC, a recursive decomposition algorithm for computing matchings between data sets. The basic idea is to partition the data, match the partitions, and then recursively match the points within each pair of identified partitions. The matching itself is done using black box matching procedures that are too expensive to run on the entire data set. Using an absolute measure of the quality of a matching, the framework supports optimization over parameters including partitioning procedures and matching algorithms. By design, MREC can be applied to extremely large data sets. We analyze the procedure to describe when we can expect it to work well and demonstrate its flexibility and power by applying it to a number of alignment problems arising in the analysis of single cell molecular data.
A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFICACY OF NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR DIABETIC CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS

AIM & OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to evaluate the efficacy and response rate of non-surgical treatment in diabetic Chronic Osteomyelitis. RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS: All patients with Diabetic Chronic Osteomyelitis seen in outpatient & inpatient Orthopedic and Surgical department of tertiary care medical college hospital from January 2012 to January 2013 were evaluated. Response rate to non-surgical treatment was measured in terms of absence of infection at site of initial injury or contiguous site for a follow up period of 6 months. Patients were evaluated in terms of demographic, clinical and therapeutic variables, which included probe testing, swab culture and sensitivity and empiric antibiotic sensitivity testing. RESULTS: 100 consecutive patients aged between 30years to 70 years (mean age 60.2±4 yrs (mean ± SD)) with co-existing diabetes since last 15-20 years were included in study. CONCLUSION: Pus culture based and bone culture based antibiotic therapy was proved as primary variable leading to remission with avoidance to surgical debridement and curettage or amputation. Secondly Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with MRSA and ESBL were major source of infection.
Experimental Demonstration of Millimeter-Wave Radio-over-Fiber System with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Binary Convolutional Neural Network (BCNN)

The millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems have been widely studied as promising solutions to deliver high-speed wireless signals to end users, and neural networks have been studied to solve various linear and nonlinear impairments. However, high computation cost and large amounts of training data are required to effectively improve the system performance. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate highly computation efficient convolutional neural network (CNN) and binary convolutional neural network (BCNN) based decision schemes to solve these limitations. The proposed CNN and BCNN based decision schemes are demonstrated in a 5 Gbps 60 GHz RoF system for up to 20 km fiber distance. Compared with previously demonstrated neural networks, results show that the bit error rate (BER) performance and the computation intensive training process are improved. The number of training iterations needed is reduced by about 50 % and the amount of required training data is reduced by over 30 %. In addition, only one training is required for the entire measured received optical power range over 3.5 dB in the proposed CNN and BCNN schemes, to further reduce the computation cost of implementing neural networks decision schemes in mm-wave RoF systems.
Random Uniform and Pure Random Simplicial Complexes

In this paper we introduce a method which allows us to study properties of the random uniform simplicial complex. That is, we assign equal probability to all simplicial complexes with a given number of vertices and then consider properties of a complex under this measure. We are able to determine or present bounds for a number of topological and combinatorial properties. We also study the random pure simplicial complex of dimension $d$, generated by letting any subset of size $d+1$ of a set of $n$ vertices be a facet with probability $p$ and considering the simplicial complex generated by these facets. We compare the behaviour of these models for suitable values of $d$ and $p$. Finally we use the equivalence between simplicial complexes and monotone boolean functions to study the behaviour of typical such functions. Specifically we prove that most monotone boolean functions are evasive, hence proving that the well known Evasiveness conjecture is generically true for monotone boolean functions without symmetry assumptions.
MCMLSD: A Probabilistic Algorithm and Evaluation Framework for Line Segment Detection

Traditional approaches to line segment detection typically involve perceptual grouping in the image domain and/or global accumulation in the Hough domain. Here we propose a probabilistic algorithm that merges the advantages of both approaches. In a first stage lines are detected using a global probabilistic Hough approach. In the second stage each detected line is analyzed in the image domain to localize the line segments that generated the peak in the Hough map. By limiting search to a line, the distribution of segments over the sequence of points on the line can be modeled as a Markov chain, and a probabilistically optimal labelling can be computed exactly using a standard dynamic programming algorithm, in linear time. The Markov assumption also leads to an intuitive ranking method that uses the local marginal posterior probabilities to estimate the expected number of correctly labelled points on a segment. To assess the resulting Markov Chain Marginal Line Segment Detector (MCMLSD) we develop and apply a novel quantitative evaluation methodology that controls for under- and over-segmentation. Evaluation on the YorkUrbanDB and Wireframe datasets shows that the proposed MCMLSD method outperforms prior traditional approaches, as well as more recent deep learning methods.
Variability in the Massive Open Cluster NGC 1817 from K2: A Rich Population of Asteroseismic Red Clump, Eclipsing Binary, and Main-sequence Pulsating Stars

We present a survey of variable stars detected in K2 Campaign 13 within the massive intermediate-age (∼1 Gyr) open cluster NGC 1817. We identify a complete sample of 44 red clump stars in the cluster, and have measured asteroseismic quantities (νmax and/or Δν) for 29 of them. Five stars showed suppressed dipole modes, and the occurrence rates indicate that mode suppression is unaffected by evolution through core helium burning. A subset of the giants in NGC 1817 (and in the similarly aged cluster NGC 6811) have νmax and Δν values at or near the maximum observed for core helium–burning stars, indicating they have core masses near the minimum for fully nondegenerate helium ignition. Further asteroseismic study of these stars can constrain the minimum helium core mass in red clump stars and the physics that determines this limit. Two giant stars show photometric variations on timescales similar to previously measured spectroscopic orbits. Thirteen systems in the field show eclipses, but only five are probable cluster members. We identify 32 δ Sct pulsators, 27 γ Dor candidates, and 7 hybrids that are probable cluster members, with most being new detections. We used the ensemble properties of the δ Sct stars to identify stars with possible radial pulsation modes. Among the oddities we have uncovered are: an eccentric orbit for a short-period binary containing a δ Sct pulsating star; a rare subgiant within the Hertzsprung gap showing δ Sct pulsations; and two hot γ Dor pulsating star candidates.
FedDANE: A Federated Newton-Type Method

Federated learning aims to jointly learn statistical models over massively distributed remote devices. In this work, we propose FedDANE, an optimization method that we adapt from DANE [8], [9], a method for classical distributed optimization, to handle the practical constraints of federated learning. We provide convergence guarantees for this method when learning over both convex and non-convex functions. Despite encouraging theoretical results, we find that the method has underwhelming performance empirically. In particular, through empirical simulations on both synthetic and real-world datasets, FedDANE consistently underperforms baselines of FedAvg [7] and FedProx [4] in realistic federated settings. We identify low device participation and statistical device heterogeneity as two underlying causes of this underwhelming performance, and conclude by suggesting several directions of future work.
Dynamics and topology of non-Hermitian elastic lattices with non-local feedback control interactions

We investigate non-Hermitian elastic lattices characterized by non-local feedback interactions. In one-dimensional lattices, proportional feedback produces non-reciprocity associated with complex dispersion relations characterized by gain and loss in opposite propagation directions. For non-local controls, such non-reciprocity occurs over multiple frequency bands characterized by opposite non-reciprocal behavior. The dispersion topology is investigated with focus on winding numbers and non-Hermitian skin effect, which manifests itself through bulk modes localized at the boundaries of finite lattices. In two-dimensional lattices, non-reciprocity is associated with directional wave amplification. Moreover, the combination of skin effect in two directions produces modes that are localized at the corners of finite two-dimensional lattices. Our results describe fundamental properties of non-Hermitian elastic lattices, and suggest new possibilities for the design of meta materials with novel functionalities related to selective wave filtering, amplification and localization. The considered non-local lattices also provide a platform for the investigation of topological phases of non-Hermitian systems.
The Orbital Histories of Magellanic Satellites Using Gaia DR2 Proper Motions

With the release of Gaia DR2, it is now possible to measure the proper motions (PMs) of the lowest-mass, ultrafaint satellite galaxies in the Milky Way’s (MW) halo for the first time. Many of these faint satellites are posited to have been accreted as satellites of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs). Using their six-dimensional phase-space information, we calculate the orbital histories of 13 ultrafaint satellites and five classical dwarf spheroidals in a combined MW+LMC+SMC potential to determine which galaxies are dynamically associated with the MCs. These 18 galaxies are separated into four classes: (i) long-term Magellanic satellites that have been bound to the MCs for at least the last two consecutive orbits around the MCs (Carina 2, Carina 3, Horologium 1, Hydrus 1); (ii) Magellanic satellites that were recently captured by the MCs < 1 Gyr ago (Reticulum 2, Phoenix 2); (iii) MW satellites that have interacted with the MCs (Sculptor 1, Tucana 3, Segue 1); and (iv) MW satellites (Aquarius 2, Canes Venatici 2, Crater 2, Draco 1, Draco 2, Hydra 2, Carina, Fornax, Ursa Minor). Results are reported for a range of MW and LMC masses. Contrary to previous work, we find no dynamical association between Carina, Fornax, and the MCs. Finally, we determine that the addition of the SMC’s gravitational potential affects the longevity of satellites as members of the Magellanic system (long-term versus recently captured), but it does not change the total number of Magellanic satellites.
Practical Encrypted Network Traffic Pattern Matching for Secure Middleboxes

Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) advances the adoption of composable software middleboxes. Accordingly, cloud data centres become major NFV vendors for enterprise traffic processing. Due to the privacy concern of traffic redirection to the cloud, secure middlebox systems (e.g., BlindBox) draw much attention; they can process encrypted packets against encrypted rules directly. However, most of the existing systems supporting pattern matching based network functions require the enterprise gateway to tokenise packet payloads via sliding windows. Such tokenisation induces a considerable communication overhead, which can be over 100× to the packet size. To overcome this bottleneck, in this article, we propose the first bandwidth-efficient encrypted pattern matching protocol for secure middleboxes. We resort to a primitive called symmetric hidden vector encryption (SHVE), and propose a variant of it, aka SHVE+, to achieve constant and moderate communication cost. To speed up, we devise encrypted filters to reduce the number of accesses to SHVE+ during matching highly. We formalise the security of our proposed protocol and conduct comprehensive evaluations over real-world rulesets and traffic dumps. The results show that our design can inspect a packet over 20 k rules within 100 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="yuan-ieq1-3065652.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>s. Compared to prior work, it brings a saving of 94 percent in bandwidth consumption.
Erken Gebelikte Tiroid Fonksiyon Bozukluğunun Tespiti Detection of Thyroid Dysfunction in Early Pregnancy

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy and to compare pregnant women with and without risk factors for thyroid dysfunction. Methods: One hundred and ninety-four women in weeks 6-20 of pregnancy attending the Obstetrics and Gynae- cology Clinics of Bakirkoy MD Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital between April 2008 and February 2009 were included in the study. The cases were separated into two groups, Group I and Group II. Serum levels of anti- TPO (anti-thyroid peroxidase), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), free T4 (thyroxine) and free T3 (triiodothyronine) were measured in all cases. Results: The prevalence of hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was found to be 3.6%, 1% and 1%, respectively. The frequency of abortus was not statistically different between pregnant women with thyroid disease and without thyroid disease. The prevalence of thyroid disease was significantly higher in cases with positive anti-TPO and in cases who underwent surgery. Thyroid diseases which required treatment were diag- nosed in five of 128 pregnant women without risk factors for thyroid disease. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of thyroid disease between pregnant women with risk factors and without risk factors. Conclusion: The frequency of thyroid dysfunction was similar in the two groups, including cases with or without risk factors for thyroid disease. In spite of many endocrine societies, we suggest that all pregnant women should be screened without consideration of risk factors to avoid adverse outcomes. (Gazi Med J 2012; 23: 6-9)
Toxic Corneal Reaction Induced by Distilled Water Infused during Cataract Operation

Purpose: To report a case of toxic corneal reaction induced by accidentally infused distilled water into the anterior chamber during cataract operation. Methods: 67-year-old female patient was admitted due to corneal edema and opacity which had been developed instantly by distilled water infused into anterior chamber during cataract operation at a private eye clinic. Cataract surgery was performed after 1 week, and the patient was treated with 5% NaCl solution and artificial eyedrop. Results: On the sixth month after operation, the corneal edema and opacity were decreased remarkably. Conclusions: When acute corneal edema is developed during cataract operation, the surgeon should stop the procedure and examine all intraocular solutions and irrigation fluids. The prognosis must be estimated after use of hypertonic saline solution at least 6 months.
Atmospheric turbulence and mesoscale meteorology

Introduction Evgeni Fedorovich, Richard Rotunno and Bjorn Stevens Douglas Lilly: A biography Katharine Kanak, K. Bryan, J. Deardorff, K. Droegemeier, J. Kimpel, P. Lamb, D. Lenschow and J. Smagorinsky Part I. Atmospheric Turbulence: 1. Changing the face of small-scale meteorology John C. Wyngaard 2. Phenomenological hunts in two-dimensional and stratified turbulence James C. McWilliams 3. Energy dissipation in large eddy simulations: dependence on flow structure and effects of eigenvector alignments Chad Higgins, Charles Meneveau and Marc Parlange 4. Dreams of a stratocumulus sleeper David A. Randall and Wayne H. Schubert 5. Large eddy simulations of cloud-topped mixed layers Chin-Hoh Moeng, Bjorn Stevens and Peter P. Sullivan Part II. Mesoscale Meteorology: 6. Model numerics for convective storm simulation Joseph B. Klemp and William C. Skamarock 7. Numerical prediction of thunderstorms Juanzhen Sun 8. Tropical cyclone energetics and structure Kerry Emanuel 9. Mountain meteorology and regional climates Ronald B. Smith 10. Dynamical processes contributing to the mesoscale spectrum of atmospheric motions Kenneth S. Gage Appendix A Appendix B Index.
Coon Mountain Controversies: Meteor Crater and the Development of Impact Theory

"Blends the scientific issues, the commercial and legal factors, and the personalities involved into a sure-footed narrative that never fails to hold the reader's interest.it is difficult to imagine a more carefully documented and sensibly reasoned account of the way in which ideas on impact theory evolved.of considerable, and probably lasting, value. " Nature "This meticulously prepared and lucidly written work will surely prove the definitive account of one of the most stimulating intellectual confrontations in the whole history of the earth and planetary sciences. I can recommend it without reservation. " William A. S. Sarjeant,Geoscience Canada "An important book by an extraordinary author, of interest to anyone fascinated by the ways in which unorthodox science becomes part of conventional wisdom. " Earth Sciences History
Impact, identity, targets and gaming

The impact factor (IF) of the Scottish Medical Journal (SMJ) fell last year (the 2011 value), to a paltry 0.4. Over the last five years, it has hovered around the 0.5 mark, and I expect the 2012 IF (available June 2013) will be about the same. In medicine, the youngest science, clinician-scientists want to have impact on important problems by the application of some intelligence and effort. Broadly, the fruits of their ambition might be couched within the top two levels of Maslow’s ‘hierarchy of needs’: self-actualisation and esteem. It follows that authors try to publish their best work in higher IF journals and that journals should seek to improve their IF – and this is true, at least up to a point. In his 1945 seminal essay ‘As we may think’, Vannevar Bush predicted the development of a ‘memex’: an indexed accumulation of knowledge in which articles were linked by a ‘mesh of associative trails’. This anticipated the work of Eugene Garfield who developed citation indexes for science, somewhat by way of analogy with Shepard’s Citations of the legal profession, in which each case was followed by a record of publications that subsequently cited it. When Garfield introduced the concept of the ‘impact factor’ in 1955, he had no idea that it would prove so controversial. In the 1960–1970s, he developed the concept further, notably with his collaborator Irving Sher, defining the journal IF for a journal in a particular year (x) as the number of citations to articles in the previous two years divided by the total number of ‘citable articles’ in those two years:
Earthquake induced static stress change in promoting eruptions

The aim of this PhD work is to study how earthquakes could favour new eruptions, focusing the attention on earthquake-induced static effects in three different case sites. As a first case site, I studied how earthquake-induced crustal dilatation could trigger new eruptions at mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan. Particular attention was then devoted to contribute to the understanding of how earthquake-induced magma pathway unclamping could favour new volcanic activity along the Alaska-Aleutian and Chilean volcanic arcs, where 9 seismic events with Mw ≥ 8 occurred in the last century. Regarding mud volcanoes, I studied the effects of two earthquakes of Mw 6.18 and 6.08 occurred in the Caspian Sea on November 25, 2000 close to Baku city, Azerbaijan. A total of 33 eruptions occurred at 24 mud volcanoes within a maximum distance of 108 km from the epicentres in the five years following the earthquakes. Results show that crustal dilatation might have triggered only 7 eruptions at a maximum distance of about 60 km from the epicentres and within 3 years. Dynamic rather than static strain is thus likely to have been the dominating “promoting” factor because it affected all the studied unrested volcanoes and its magnitude was
City planning according to artistic principles

English translation of the 1889 vienna edition of "der staedtebau nach seinen kuenstlerischen grundsaetzen", intended as a contribution to the solution of modern problems of architecture (spatial organisation of physical structure, streetscape and square design) and monumental sculpture, especially with regard to the city of vienna. Appendix 1: greenery within the city (1900); appendix 2: to our readers (later ideas about the building of cities, 1904).
Long-term outcomes of open repair of inflammatory and atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysms

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are a common vascular disease mostly affecting those over the age of 65 years. Open surgical repair (OSR) is considered the gold standard for the treatment of AAA, however longterm mortality and morbidity still remain high in patients with inflammatory AAA, when compared to atherosclerotic AAA. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes of both inflammatory and atherosclerotic AAA after OSR. Methods: Out of 837 aortic interventions, 149 patients were identified as having undergone open surgical repair for AAA between 2003 and 2013. Of the 149 patients, histopathological data was available for 92 patients with open AAA repair. Kaplan-Meier curves were analysed to evaluate probability of survival. Results: Patients with inflammatory AAA were younger (70 years) by an average of 2 years compared to atherosclerotic AAA (72 years). Morbidity and length of intensive care stay were insignificantly different in both groups. Inflammatory AAA were associated with higher all cause survival rate (82%) compared to atherosclerotic AAA (68%) (P=0.008) after ten years. Conclusion: There was no difference in clinical outcomes between both atherosclerotic AAA and inflammatory AAA, which is due to the technique used. IAAA were associated with lower mortality rates and improved all cause survival at ten years post open surgical repair.
Difference in Bone Mineral Density Between Young Versus Midlife Women

Background: Older age is a risk factor for low bone mineral density (BMD). Older women have been found to have lower BMD than younger women. Recent trends for decreased calcium consumption and physical activity may place younger women at greater risk than previously anticipated. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on BMD in young (19.1 ± 0.4 years) versus midlife (46.3 ± 0.4 years) women. Methods: BMD was assessed with the Alara MetriScan. Results: Young women had lower BMD compared to midlife women (T score: − 1.18 ± 0.78 versus 0.25 ± 0.12; P < .05), lower body weight (65.6 ± 1.6 kg versus 79.6 ± 1.9 kg, P < .001), and lower body mass index (BMI; 23.7 ± 0.6 versus 29.3 ± 0.7 kg/m2, P < .001). Discussion: Based on these data, younger women are at greater risk for loss of BMD and early onset osteoporosis than their older counterparts. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health Educators should teach that calcium and vitamin D supplementations are vital in maintaining bone mineral density throughout an individual's life span.