Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Single Gene Produces Mitochondrial, Cytoplasmic, and Peroxisomal NADP-dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase inAspergillus nidulans *

NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase enzymes catalyze the decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate accompanied by the production of NADPH. In mammals two different genes encode mitochondrial and cytoplasmic/peroxisomal located enzymes, whereas in Saccharomyces cerevisiae three separate genes specify compartment specific enzymes. We have identified a single gene, idpA, in the filamentous fungusAspergillus nidulans that specifies a protein with a high degree of identity to mammalian and S. cerevisiae enzymes. Northern blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of two idpA transcripts and two transcription start points were identified by sequencing cDNA clones and by 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The shorter transcript was found to be inducible by acetate and by fatty acids while the longer transcript was present in higher amounts during growth in glucose containing media. The longer transcript is predicted to encode a polypeptide containing an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence as well as a C-terminal tripeptide (ARL) as a potential peroxisomal targeting signal. The shorter transcript is predicted to encode a polypeptide lacking the mitochondrial targeting signal but retaining the C-terminal sequence. Immunoblotting using antibody raised against S. cerevisiae Idp1p detected two polypeptides consistent with these predictions. The functions of the predicted targeting sequences were confirmed by microscopic analysis of transformants containing fluorescent protein fusion constructs. Using anti-Idp1p antibodies, protein localization to mitochondria and peroxisomes was observed during growth on glucose whereas cytoplasmic and peroxisomal localization was found upon acetate or fatty acid induction. Therefore, we have established that by the use of two transcription start points a single gene is sufficient to specify localization of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase to three different cellular compartments in A. nidulans.
[The EGF receptor pathway in human cerebral tumors].

The epidermal growth factor receptor gene is the most frequently involved proto-oncogene in human glial brain tumors, in the present series in agreement with previous reports in literature. It is therefore important to study this gene from DNA to the protein product. The vicinity of cystic fluid (C.F.) to tumor cells of the cystic wall has suggested investigation of possible "E.G.F. -like" autocrine activities in C.F. In 40% of gliomas, E.G.F. -R. gene is amplified and overexpressed. This is never observed in low grade astrocytomas. In 12% of the cases, mutations of the E.G.F. -R. gene are observed. In correlation with genomic abnormalities, E.G.F. -R. is immunoprecipitated in 40% gliomas. The basal phosphorylation of the receptor is increased in 50% gliomas. In C.F. , unexpectedly, E.G.F. -R. phosphorylation inhibitory effect is observed. Its biochemical analysis suggests an anti-tyrosine kinase activity. The observation of anti-tyrosine kinase activity in C.Fs suggests the presence of negative modulatory factors of the proto-oncogene activation in tumor tissues. This could have therapeutical interest.
Relationship of Number of Missing Teeth to Hip Fracture in Elderly Patients: A Cohort Pilot Study

PURPOSE To determine the relationship between the number of missing natural teeth or remaining natural teeth and osteoporotic hip fracture in elderly patients and to determine the relationship between the number of missing teeth or remaining teeth and osteoporotic fracture risk assessment (FRAX) probability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Number of missing teeth was determined by clinical oral exam on a total of 100 subjects, 50 with hip fractures and 50 without. Ten-year fracture risk and hip fracture risk probabilities were calculated using the FRAX tool. Statistical analyses were performed to determine strength of associations between number of missing natural teeth and likelihood of experiencing a fracture. Degree of correlation between number of missing natural teeth and FRAX probabilities were calculated. RESULTS There appears to be an association between the number of missing natural teeth and hip fractures. For every 5-tooth increase in the number of missing teeth, the likelihood of being a subject in the hip fracture group increased by 26%. Number of missing natural teeth was positively correlated with FRAX overall fracture and hip fracture probability. CONCLUSIONS Number of missing natural teeth may be a valuable tool to assist members of medical and dental teams in identifying patients with higher FRAX scores and higher likelihood of experiencing a hip fracture. Additional research is necessary to validate these findings.
Proceraside A, a new cardiac glycoside from the root barks of Calotropis procera with in vitro anticancer effects

We have studied the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanolic extract of the root barks of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) from Egypt. Bioassay-directed fractionation and final purification of the extract resulted in the identification of a new cardenolide glycoside named proceraside A (1) together with two known compounds, frugoside (2) and calotropin (3). Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR studies and mass spectrometric data. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against A549 non-small cell lung cancer, U373 glioblastoma and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines. They showed potent activity against the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 ranging from 0.005 to 0.3 μg/mL. Cisplatin was used as positive control.
Second order sliding mode controller and online path planning for space rovers

This paper proposes a second order sliding mode (SOSM) controller for space rovers. The space rovers are operated in hostile and remote environment which can degrade its performance. The unknown disturbances are controlled by using a robust controller. The properties of SOSM make it the superior choice over other controllers. This paper aims to design a second order sliding mode (SOSM) controller for a two wheel non-holonomic rover. The rover controller is designed to follow the predefined reference trajectories. A popular tool for online trajectories is artificial potential field method. This paper also projects the key idea to design an artificial potential field in the control computer with the global minimum at the goal point of the robot operation and local maxima at the obstacles. Robot motion is guided by the computer-generated artificial potential field instead of by predetermined trajectory. The simulation result shows the effectiveness of the proposed controller and the stability is proved through the use of a Lyapunov function.
Retention and stimulus-dependent recycling of dense core vesicle content in neuroendocrine cells

We have used fluorescence imaging of individual exocytic events in combination with immunogold electron microscopy and FM1-43 photoconversion to study the stimulus-dependent recycling of dense core vesicle content in isolated rat pituitary lactotrophs. Secretory stimulation with high external [K+] resulted in 100 exocytic sites per cell that were labeled by extracellular antibodies against the peptide hormone prolactin. Morphological analysis demonstrated that the prolactin was retained and internalized in intact dense cores. Vesicles containing non-secreted, internalized prolactin did not colocalize with DiI-LDL that had been chased into lysosomes but did transiently colocalize with internalized transferrin. The recycling vesicles also trafficked through a syntaxin 6-positive compartment but not the TGN38-positive trans-Golgi. Recycling vesicles, which returned to the cell surface in a slow basal manner, could also be stimulated to undergo exocytosis with a high release probability during subsequent exocytic stimulation with external K+. These studies suggest a functional role for recycling vesicles that retain prolactin.
Lexical and Acoustic Adaptation for Multiple Non-Native English Accents

This work investigates the impact of non-native English accents on the performance of an large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system. Based on the GlobalPhone corpus [1], a speech corpus was collected consisting of English sentences read by native speakers of Bulgarian, Chinese, German and Indian languages. To accommodate for non-native pronunciations, two directions are followed: Modification of the dictionary to better reflect the non-native pronunciations and adaptation of the acoustic models for native US English with non-native speech. The proposed methods for dictionary modification are data-driven. Therefore no language-specific rules are necessary: The idea is to extract a parallel corpus of phoneme sequences from phonetic transcriptions of native US English and accented English in the George Mason University (GMU) accented database [2]. With this corpus, Statistical Machine Translation models are generated to translate the US English pronunciations in the GlobalPhone dictionary into accented pronunciations which are then used as new pronunciation variants in the GlobalPhone dictionary. With the combination of the lexical and acoustic model approaches, relative improvements of 26.9% for Bulgarian, 33.2% for Chinese, 30.9% for German, and 53.2% for Indian accents are achieved.
Yet Another Intrusion Detection System against Insider Attacks

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) originated as a mechanism for managing the detection of system misuse through the analysis of activity (5). Despite that the various attacks are occurred by insiders and outsiders, most studied focused on IDS against outsider attacks. However, the loss from insider attacks is more severe than outsider attacks as shown in (10). In this paper, we improve the Wang et al.'s insider predection model (17) and propose the combined model with access control for the ecient insider intrusion detection. We delegate the role of intrusion detection to users, in order to detect the malicious insiders more eciently. If the insiders want to access to the information, they should have the permission from several users in organization. By combining the concept of access control in Wang et al.'s model, our scheme is believed to be more secure.
[Tentorial meningiomas. Report of our series].

PURPOSE The main objectives of this report are to describe the clinical and radiological features, surgical management, complications, and final outcome of patients with a tentorial meningioma. METHODS This is a retrospective study of 25 patients operated on for tentorial meningiomas at our department since december 1975 to may 2002. All the patients, except the first, were diagnosed by computed tomography; in 13 of them a magnetic resonance imaging was performed too; in 14 patients, diagnosis was completed with cerebral arteriography. The preoperative clinical condition, the interval between the first symptoms and the date of the operation, the postoperative morbidity and the recurrence are analysed. RESULTS There were 20 women and 5 men of ages ranging from 35 to 79 years (average of 54.6). Surgical removal was considered radical (Simpson I-II) in 22 patients. Of them one had a recurrence 25 years after the operation, another had three recurrences, in two years, that were reoperated, and a third one had recurrence at five years who did not require surgery. The postoperative mortality was 8%. The mean follow-up period was of 5.3 years. The final outcome was good recovery in 19 patients, moderate disability in 1 and death in 4. CONCLUSIONS Despite the advances in Neuroradiology and Microsurgery, these tumors represent a challenge for the neurosurgeon, due in some cases to a large tumor size and extension to critical areas. A removal as complete as possible allows minimizing the recurrence risk.
Confirming the validity and responsiveness of the Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12)

The 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) is a new, self-rated measure of walking ability. The scale has not been independently validated for use in differing MS populations. One hundred forty-nine patients in the community and 53 hospital outpatients with MS completed the MSWS-12 and other outcome measures. The psychometric properties of the MSWS-12 were excellent, and in particular the scale is responsive to change.
Unsolvated 5,10,15,20-tetra-4-pyridylporphyrin, its sesquihydrate and its 2-chlorophenol disolvate: conformational versatility of the ligand.

Unsolvated 5,10,15,20-tetra-4-pyridylporphyrin, C(40)H(26)N(8), (I), its sesquihydrate, C(40)H(26)N(8). 1.514H(2)O, (II), and its 2-chlorophenol disolvate, C(40)H(26)N(8). 2C(6)H(5)ClO, (III), reveal different conformational features of the porphyrin core. In (I), the latter is severely deformed from planarity, apparently in order to optimize the intermolecular interactions and efficient crystal packing of the molecular entities. The molecular framework has a C(1) symmetry. In (II), the porphyrin molecules are located on 4 symmetry axes, preserving the marked deformation from planarity of the porphyrin core. The molecular units are interlinked into a single-framework supramolecular architecture by hydrogen bonding to one another via molecules of water, which lie on twofold rotation axes. In (III), the porphyrin molecules are located across centres of inversion and are characterized by a planar conformation of the 24-membered macrocyclic porphyrin ring. Two trans-related pyridyl substituents are hydrogen bonded to the 2-chlorophenol solvent molecules. The interporphyrin organization in (III) is similar to that observed for many other tetraarylporphyrin compounds. However, the organization observed in (I) and (II) is different and of a type rarely observed before. This study reports for the first time the crystal structure of the unsolvated tetrapyridylporphyrin.
Noise in a neonatal unit: guidelines for the reduction or prevention of noise.

Advances in medical technology have led to major technological developments in the field of neonatal care. Over the past three decades there has been increasing concern about noise levels in neonatal intensive care units. The experience of working in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and exposure to high noise levels of such a unit prompted the researcher to investigate the sources of noise further and to explore ways of reducing or preventing the occurrence of such noise. The environment of one NICU consisting of a critical care area and a "grower type" nursery was surveyed with the aim of establishing noise levels in such a unit. A GR (General Radio) 1565-B sound level meter was used to measure the noise levels in the NICU and recordings of noise levels were made. Data were entered into the checklist each time a sound level was recorded and later analysed. In the critical care area sound levels ranged from 64-66 dB (A) (A weighted decibel scale) and in the grower nursery from 50-60 dB (A). Recent British and American Standards require that the mean noise levels inside the incubator should not exceed 60 dB (A) which is safe for the adult human ear (Wolke 1987). When compared with the in utero environment the noise levels of the neonatal unit are high and potentially hazardous because of the large numbers of staff and the amount of equipment present. The main findings of the study were that: There is a considerable level of noise in the NICU and this noise persists throughout day and night. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Help with Prenatal Household Tasks and Newborn Birth Weight: Is There an Association?

Although prenatal psychosocial factors influence pregnancy outcome, the specific components of prenatal social support which affect infants' birth weight have not been examined prospectively. To define those elements of prenatal social support which are associated with newborn birth weights, we studied 198 indigent mothers seen consecutively by a social worker at a community hospital-based obstetrical clinic. At the first prenatal clinic visit, we used the Maternal Social Support Index (MSSI) to assess the availability of help with daily tasks, a communicative male and other adults, emergency child care, and community involvement. The only MSSI item related to low birth weight (LBW ≥ 2,500 g) for both multigravida and primigravida mothers was daily task sharing. Help with grocery shopping and the process of paying bills (p = 0.0007) were both significantly associated with LBW for multigravida mothers. Significant items for primigravida mothers included help with inside cleaning (p = 0.03) and working outside (p = 0.005). Help with things around the house was associated with LBW for both multigravida (p = 0.02) and primigravida (p = 0.04) mothers. Car availability was associated with low birth weight only for multigravida mothers (p = 0.006). Stepwise discriminant function analysis was performed for multigravida mothers. Low birth weight was the dependent variable. Eight wellknown risk factors for low birth weight (excluding daily tasks) were the independent variables. The “best” function included marital status, maternal age, gravidity, and smoking during pregnancy. The addition of daily task-sharing to this model increased sensitivity (low birth weight classified low birth weight by the model) from 21% to 50%. These data support the importance of the social environment during pregnancy, and suggest that subsequent research which examines the etiology of low birth weight must address the complex interaction of social, psychological, and physical health. J Dev Behav Pediatr 8:207–212, 1987. Index terms: indigent mothers, prenatal social support, birth weight, neonatal morbidity.
Determination of organic compounds leached from municipal incinerator fly ash by water at different pH levels.

This study concerns the possibility of organic compounds entering the environment through the leaching of municipal incinerator fly ash with water. A Soxhlet extraction of fly ash with water, followed by a benzene/water solvent extraction was used to isolate organic compounds. The pH of the extracting liquid was varied (pH 4, 7, 10) and both the type and amount of compounds extracted differed. Many organic compounds including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, polycyclic aromatic compounds, phenols, and hydrocarbons were found in the water extracts. Gas chromatography/flame ionization detection, gas chromatography/electron capture detection, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using electron impact, positive and negative ion chemical ionization techniques were used for compound identification and quantitation.
An Efficient Frontier in Organization Design: Organizational Structure As a Determinant of Exploration and Exploitation

This paper develops a parsimonious process-level theory that connects organizational structure to exploration and exploitation. Toward this end, it develops a mathematical model of organizational decision making that combines an information processing approach in the spirit of Sah and Stiglitz [Sah RK, Stiglitz JE 1986 The architecture of economic systems: Hierarchies and polyarchies. Amer. Econom. Rev. 764:716–727] with elements from signal detection theory. The model is first used to explore a “design space” of organizations and identify trade-offs and dominance relationships among alternative organization designs. The paper then studies open questions in the organization design literature, such as the extent to which exploration and exploitation can be produced by one organization and what is the effect of organization size on exploration. More broadly, this research speaks to calls for the introduction of more process-level explanations in the organizations literature. The paper concludes with testable hypotheses and managerially relevant insights.
Physical disability and social interaction: factors associated with low social contact and home confinement in disabled older women (The Women's Health and Aging Study).

OBJECTIVES This study examines the association of disability and social interaction, measured as in-person contact with non-household members and home confinement, and identifies sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors that modify this relationship. METHODS Participants were 1,002 moderately to severely disabled community-dwelling women aged 65 and older from the Women's Health and Aging Study, identified by screening an age-stratified random sample of Medicare beneficiaries in Baltimore, Maryland. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of low social interaction associated with disability and each independent modifier. RESULTS In a typical week, 23% did not visit with anyone residing outside their households and 17% did not leave their homes. In addition to and independent of disability level, older age, not completing high school, having a driver in the home, hearing difficulties and incontinence were associated with low social contact; older age and African American race were related to home confinement. African American women living alone are especially vulnerable to home confinement. DISCUSSION Physical disability is not necessarily socially disabling, as many of the most severely disabled in our study had at least daily social interaction. Improvements in social interaction appear possible through more effective management of certain health conditions and attention to potential sociocultural barriers.
Energy harvesting opportunities and applicability in two tier heterogeneous networks

Along with conventional macrocellular wireless networks the move to two tier heterogeneous networks, comprising an additional small cell layer, will provide extra `free' harvestable RF. Through RF measurements we provide insights into available energy in such networks. We show that there is likely to be considerably more in the small cell layer. We then consider using the small cell base station's antenna, configured appropriately, to harvest from the potentially RF rich small cell layer. By analysis of appropriate recent energy harvesting research we present the extent and applicability of harvested energy to mitigate energy inefficiency in the small cell and discuss the possibility of using harvested energy to power the small cell's DSP device in standby mode.
The electrophysiologic responses of sympathetic preganglionic neurons to angiotensin II and aldosterone 1

Yoshino Minoura, Hiroshi Onimaru, Kamon Iigaya Ikuo Homma, Youichi Kobayashi The Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan The Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan The Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Japan
Orthogonal representations of stochastic processes and their propagation in mechanics

The paper reviews the representation of stochastic processes used to model coefficients in partial differential equations. In particular, methods based on the Karhunen-Loeve and Polynomial Chaos expansions are presented. It is shown that these representations permit both the efficient characterization and management of the uncertainty in the solution of the PDE. Management in this context is construed to mean error estimation and control. Furthermore, generalizations of the Karhunen-Loeve expansion to representing processes in Sobolev spaces is also presented. These processes are essential in applications to mechanics since, in this case, many functions of interest are constrained with regards to their smoothness and differentiability.