Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of knowledge and attitude towards asthma care in hospital and community pharmacy settings at central Saudi Arabia

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitude towards asthma care in hospital and community pharmacy settings at central Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 2-month from July 2015 to August 2015. The study population involves pharmacists registered with the Health Affairs Directorate and was practicing in community pharmacy and hospital pharmacies. Results: More than two-third of participants (62.6%) claimed that they know the short-acting beta 2-agonist is the most efficient drug to relieve bronchial smooth muscle in acute attacks, about (34.2%) of them knew that the side effects of inhaled steroids and sympathomimetic drug. A very low percentage of participants know (16.2%) the knowledge of asthma pathophysiology. About 86.2% reported that poor asthma control is due to poor inhaler technique and 83.2%, did not know the appropriate time to use the peak flow meter. However, regarding attitudes, more than 97% of the pharmacists agreed to the need for special training and 99.4% reported that the person should learn education skills to become an asthma educator. Analysis based on pharmacist groups found hospital pharmacists had knowledge and attitude scores higher than community pharmacists, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study results revealed that the pharmacist is having low knowledge about pharmacotherapy of asthma and suggested for continuing education programs of pharmacy practitioners, can provide a more effective patient education, improve patient knowledge, and use inhaled medications properly.
The impact of functional vision changes on independent travel for individuals with adult-onset visual impairment

Abstract This study explored experiences with functional vision changes resulting from adult-onset vision conditions. The impact of glare, light-to-dark adaptation, depth perception, night blindness, and contrast sensitivity are examined for the way participants perceive their effects on willingness to engage in independent travel. Two interviews were conducted with 13 participants. These consisted of structured and semi-structured, open-ended questions to determine the impact of functional vision changes on mobility and pedestrian travel. Qualitative, open and a priori coding was used to derive themes and categories for the most significant functional vision considerations among participants. This study revealed changes in functional vision impact participants’ perceived safety and were of concern when considering independent travel. Orientation and mobility (O&M) services were denied to some participants who had surrendered driving privileges and were considered vision impaired, but not legally blind, even though issues with functional vision impacted safer travel. The impact of functional vision changes on individuals with adult-onset vision impairment was found to affect participant mobility. Agencies serving this population can provide clients with safer travel options when all functional vision changes are considered beyond acuity and field of vision loss.
Self-Organization in Social Insects

Self-organization is a process in which complex patterns or behaviors are produced without direction from an outside or supervising source. This mechanism is observed in a multitude of systems including phase-transitions, oscillating chemical reactions, and the development of fish schools. Selforganization in biological contexts is particularly interesting, as it may be a necessary component of the observed complexity found in organismal behavior and play a vital part in natural selection. Self-organizing systems in biology are generally composed of many individuals that work collectively to create complex patterns through positive and negative feedback interactions. These patterns are not encoded on the individual level nor are they being built with any knowledge of the global structure, they are instead products of interactions between individuals or between individuals and their local environment. The behavior of many social insects are fitting examples of this process, as the individual insects generally do not have the cognitive power to generate their observed complex structures and activities. For example, the construction of termite mounds, ant walls, honey bee comb patterns and wasp nests, honey bee thermoregulation, army ant swarms, ant corpse-aggregation, and foraging in ants and bees can all be seen as a combination of simple rules on the individual level that produce a global response without any external direction. The emergent properties of social insects interactions are generally characterized by three properties: complex spatio-temporal patterns from homogenous initial conditions, the existence of multiple stable states that are the consequence of the amplification of random initial heterogeneity, and the presence of bifurcation points, at which a patterns drastically change as a result of small parameter changes (Camazine et al.). Self-organizing systems are strongly dependent on their environment because of their sensitivity to initial conditions and they can simultaneously offer stable patterns that resist perturbations given appropriate parameters. However, they are also capable of variability and drastic change when near a bifurcation point.
Impact of Etonogestrel Subdermal Implant Versus Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injection on Menstrual Changes And Uterine Artery Doppler Indices : A Randomized Clinical Trial

Mathews Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics Impact of Etonogestrel Subdermal Implant Versus Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injection on Menstrual Changes And Uterine Artery Doppler Indices: A Randomized Clinical Trial Mohamed Rezk1*, Osama Elkelani1, Haitham Hamza1, Mohamed Shawky2, Hala Marawan3 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Egypt. 2Department of Radiology, Egypt. 3Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt. Corresponding Author: Mohamed Rezk, 25 Yasin Abdelghafar street, Shibin ElKom City, Menoufia governorate, Egypt, Tel: +201146256413; Email: m_rezk9207@yahoo.com
The Myth of Asian American Success and Its Educational Ramifications.

There is a widely shared belief that Asian Americans have overcome the bondage of racial discrimination to become a Successful model minority. In this essay, the empirical basis of this success contention is examined against its historical background and the remifiCaticns of the belief are explored. First,,the ascendaace of the. , Asian American success theme in the late 1960s is traced. The lortrayalof Asian Americans as a hardworking, successful group is contrasted, to :'popular racist beliefs held about blaCks. Second, recent research on Asian' Americans is examined. It is argued that 'available evidence does not warrant the image:of this group's success because typical indicators of succesSesuch.as education and income, :. have. not ))een'Troperly adjusted for extraneous'factors. Finally, ,seVeralCcnseguences of the success myth are identified. It is.held that. : J1I-Asian AmeriCans, particularly the young people, resent the 4.4uccesscontention as a device of political exploitation: (2) a' pattern :Ofoccupational segregation for Asian Americans limits occupational aspiration and choices of Asian American youth: and. (3) Asian Americans-experience a sense ot lost identity.and attribute this feeling tc the pressures of assimilation and to their ancestors' concern for Survival. (Author/GC) Reproductions supplied-by. EDRS are the best that can be made. from the . original document.
Onset of Convection in the Presence of a Precipitation Reaction in a Porous Medium: A Comparison of Linear Stability and Numerical Approaches

Reactive convection in a porous medium has received recent interest in the context of the geological storage of carbon dioxide in saline formations. We study theoretically and numerically the gravitational instability of a diffusive boundary layer in the presence of a first-order precipitation reaction. We compare the predictions from normal mode, linear stability analysis, and nonlinear numerical simulations, and discuss the relative deviations. The application of our findings to the storage of carbon dioxide in a siliciclastic aquifer shows that while the reactive-diffusive layer can become unstable within a timescale of 1 to 1.5 months after the injection of carbon dioxide, it can take almost 10 months for sufficiently vigorous convection to produce a considerable increase in the dissolution flux of carbon dioxide.
Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Effect the Exercise Volume

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two similar high-intensity intermittent exercises (HIIE) but different volume 1.25 km (HIIE1.25) and 2.5 km (HIIE2.5) on inflammatory and BDNF responses. Ten physically active male subjects (age 25.22 ± 1.74 years, body mass 78.98 ± 7.31 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.06 m, VO2peak 59.94 ± 9.38 ml·kg·min−1) performed an incremental treadmill exercise test and randomly completed two sessions of HIIE on a treadmill (1:1 min at vVO2max with passive recovery). Blood samples were collected at rest, immediately and 60-min after the exercise sessions. Serum was analyzed for glucose, lactate, IL-6, IL-10, and BDNF levels. Blood lactate concentrations was higher immediately post-exercise compared to rest (HIIE1.25: 1.69 ± 0.26–7.78 ± 2.09 mmol·L−1, and HIIE2.5: 1.89 ± 0.26–7.38 ± 2.57 mmol·L−1, p < 0.0001). Glucose concentrations did not present changes under the different conditions, however, levels were higher 60-min post-exercise than at rest only in the HIIE1.25 condition (rest: 76.80 ± 11.14–97.84 ± 24.87 mg·dL−1, p < 0.05). BDNF level increased immediately after exercise in both protocols (HIIE1.25: 9.71 ± 306–17.86 ± 8.59 ng.mL−1, and HIIE2.5: 11.83 ± 5.82–22.84 ± 10.30 ng.mL−1). Although both exercises increased IL-6, level percent between rest and immediately after exercise was higher in the HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (30 and 10%; p = 0.014, respectively). Moreover, IL-10 levels percent increase between immediately and 60-min post-exercise was higher in HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (37 and 10%; p = 0.012, respectively). In conclusion, both HIIE protocols with the same intensity were effective to increase BDNF and IL-6 levels immediately after exercise while only IL-10 response was related to the durantion of exercise indicanting the importance of this exercise prescription variable.
Understanding Intelligence

Have you ever wondered why psychologists still can't agree on what intelligence is? Or felt dismayed by debates around individual differences? Criticising the pitfalls of IQ testing, this book explains the true nature of intelligent systems, and their evolution from cells to brains to culture and human minds. Understanding Intelligence debunks many of the myths and misunderstandings surrounding intelligence. It takes a new look at the nature of the environment and the development of 'talent' and achievement. This brings fresh and radical implications for promoting intelligence and creativity, and prompts readers to reconsider their own possibilities and aspirations. Providing a broad context to the subject, the author also unmasks the ideological distortions of intelligence in racism and eugenics, and the suppressed expectations across social classes and genders. This book is a must-read for anyone curious about our own intelligence.
RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER STUDY ON THE PREVENTION OF ATOPY IN “AT RISK” BABIES (3 YEARS FOLLOW-UP)

We have planned a prevention programme of atopic diseases in high risk babies with the cooperation of 40 Maternity Hospitals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dietary and environmental measures in the development of atopic disease in newborns of atopic parents. The dietary measures are the following exclusive breast feeding for the first six months of life; elimination of cow's milk (CM) and egg from the diet of the nursing mother; soy milk (Isomil Abbott) supplement when breast milk is not sufficient; selected weaning after the 6th month of life. The environmental measures are the following: no smoking in the house; strict environmental controls for the elimination of house dust; no pets in the house; day-care center attendance delayed to after 3 years of age. All infants were seen at an age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months and twice-a-year afterwards, and a detailed history is taken and the presence of symptoms and signs of atopic disease are examined (bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy): Up to now, 732 children are 2 year old: 379 (52%) are males and 353 (48%) females; 98 (13%) have two or more relatives affected by atopic disease, 634 (87%) have one relative affected. 242/732 (33%) were exclusively breast feed until the 6th month of life, 139/732 (19%) received exclusively soy milk, 212/732 (29%) received breast milk and soy milk supplement, and 139/732 (19%) were CM formula fed. At the last follow-up (2 years) the cumulative prevalence of atopic disease was 17% (125/732 children). In detail, 83 (11%) showed AD, 28 (4%) asthma, and 14 (2%) rhinitis. Of the 125 babies with atopic diseaae, 81/379 (21%) were malei and 44/353 (12%) females (p<0.01); 28/98 (29%) of the babies have two or more relatives affected by atopic disease, 97/634 (15%) have one relative affected by atopic disease (p<0.01). Among the children who developed atopic diseases: 13% (31/242) were exclusively breast-fed until the six month of life, 10% (14/139) received soy milk, 15% (32/212) were breast milk and soy-milk fed, and 34 % (48/139) CM fed. The very low prevalence of atopic disease in the infants who followed the preventive measures (12%) and the higher (34%) in those who did not (p<0.01) stresses the importance of such manipulations for the prevention of atopy in “at risk babies”.
A Novel 19q13 Nucleolar Zinc Finger Protein Suppresses Tumor Cell Growth through Inhibiting Ribosome Biogenesis and Inducing Apoptosis but Is Frequently Silenced in Multiple Carcinomas

Epigenetic disruption of tumor suppressor genes is frequently involved in tumorigenesis. We identified a novel 19q13 KRAB domain-containing zinc finger protein, ZNF545/ZFP82, broadly expressed in normal tissues but downregulated in multiple tumor cell lines. The ZNF545 promoter contains a CpG island, which is frequently methylated in cell lines. The transcriptional silencing of ZNF545 could be reversed by pharmacologic or genetic demethylation, indicating direct epigenetic silencing. ZNF545 was also frequently methylated in multiple primary tumors of nasopharyngeal, esophageal, lung, gastric, colon, and breast, but rarely in normal epithelial tissues and paired normal tissues. ZNF545 is located in the nucleus and mainly sequestered in nucleoli, functioning as a repressor. ZNF545 is able to repress NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways, whereas ectopic expression of ZNF545 in silenced tumor cells significantly inhibited their growth and induced apoptosis. Functional studies showed that ZNF545 was involved in ribosome biogenesis through inhibiting the activity of rDNA promoter and decreasing cellular protein translation efficiency. Thus, we identified ZNF545 as a novel tumor suppressor inducing tumor cell apoptosis, repressing ribosome biogenesis and target gene transcription. The tumor-specific methylation of ZNF545 could be an epigenetic biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Mol Cancer Res; 10(7); 925–36. ©2012 AACR.
Investigation on the dependence of degradation rate on hole concentration during boron-oxygen related light-induced degradation in crystalline silicon

Boron-oxygen related light-induced degradation (BO-LID) of effective charge carrier lifetime is one of the major problems for photovoltaics based on oxygen-rich boron-doped wafer substrates. Within this contribution, the dependence of slow BO-related degradation rate on total hole concentration at 30°C is investigated. A widened high power 805 nm IR-laser is used to reach injection levels comparable with the doping level of the used 2 Ωcm material thus significantly impacting total hole concentration. It is found that slow BO-related degradation rate scales almost quadratically with total hole concentration in best agreement with results from other groups suggesting the involvement of two holes in the slow BO-related degradation mechanism.Boron-oxygen related light-induced degradation (BO-LID) of effective charge carrier lifetime is one of the major problems for photovoltaics based on oxygen-rich boron-doped wafer substrates. Within this contribution, the dependence of slow BO-related degradation rate on total hole concentration at 30°C is investigated. A widened high power 805 nm IR-laser is used to reach injection levels comparable with the doping level of the used 2 Ωcm material thus significantly impacting total hole concentration. It is found that slow BO-related degradation rate scales almost quadratically with total hole concentration in best agreement with results from other groups suggesting the involvement of two holes in the slow BO-related degradation mechanism.
HVS-BASED FREQUENCY WEIGHTING FOR FGS VIDEO CODING

In this paper, we propose a new scalable video coding algorithm using the property of the human visual system (HVS). Since HVS can be modelled by a nonlinear sensitivity function, we can use a frequency weighting matrix derived from the modulation transfer function (MTF) to enhance visual quality of reconstructed images. In order to apply frequency weighting in bit-plane coding at the enhancement layer, we convert this frequency weighting matrix into a frequency shift matrix. By applying HVS-based frequency weighting, we can obtain improved visual quality and fine scalability at different bit rates. We also define a new metric, the just noticeable difference (JNDE), to estimate enhanced image quality in terms of HVS. In this metric, we apply the Weber’s law to determine the probability of noticeable errors.
“ Give me the Red Can ” : Assistive Robot Task Creation through Multi-Modal Interaction

In this paper we illustrate our work focusing on bringing advanced robotics closer to everyday domestic users. It will be demonstrated that inexperienced users can be capable of programming the ASIBOT assistive robot platform to perform a specific desired task in a household environment. The process is guided through the robot's Web browsable interface Task Creator Wizard. The robot's open architecture has been developed to enable flexible multi-modal interaction, such as the used touch buttons, voice commands, and Wii RemoteTM controller for intuitive robotic movement. The Wizard has been designed to provide enhanced accessibility while taking aesthetic beauty into account, to avoid distraction caused by boredom of the user. The whole concept and implementation has been released as part of the ASIBOT Open Source Code Repository, available online for download and documentation at: http://roboticslab.sourceforge. net/asibot
“ As S imple as P ossible but not S impler ” : Towards an Ontology Model Canvas

Over the years, there has been an increasing adoption of ontologydriven conceptual models to represent the conceptual structure of critical domains in reality. Given the complexity of this task, there has been a growing demand for the development of proper engineering tools for supporting the design of these models. Despite a number of advances in this area, there is still a shortage of tools directed at novice and non-technical users that can, at the same time, address two competing requirements, namely: maintain modeling expressivity by being able to represent true ontological distinctions, while remaining intuitive and easy to learn by this class of users. In this article, we sketch a proposal in this direction by introducing the idea of an Ontology Model Canvas.
Outlier detection in high-stakes certification testing

Recent developments of person-fit analysis in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) are discussed. Methods from statistical process control are presented that have been proposed to classify an item score pattern as fitting or misfitting the underlying item response theory (IRT) model in a CAT. Most person-fit research in CAT is restricted to simulated data. In this study, empirical data from a certification test were used. The item score patterns of 1,392 examinees were analyzed. Alternatives are discussed to generate norms so that bounds can be determined to classify an item score pattern as fitting or misfitting. Using bounds determined from a sample of a high-stakes certification test, the empirical analysis shows that the different types of misfit can be distinguished. Further applications using statistical process control methods to detect misfitting item score patterns are discussed.
Relationship Analysis between Puzzle-Like Programming Game and Achievement Result After Learning the Basic of Programming

Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association develops a puzzle-like programming game “Algologic” aiming to experience the concept of an algorithm for inexperienced programming learners. This is simple puzzle game aiming at solving a problem by automatically controlling a robot. The user designs an autonomous robot by selecting some of the instruction blocks, arranging the blocks in an appropriate order, and giving them to the robot. Before university students learn the basic of programming, with this programming puzzle game, we conducted a test to determine whether algorithms each student gave to the robot were correct or not. Likewise, after students have learned the basic of programming, we conducted a comprehension test to clarify the reachability. In this paper, we aim to investigate the relation between the comprehension of Algologic and the achievement degree of students after learning of programming and report the analysis result. Analysis results revealed that the results of Algologic test and the achievement results after learning programming were significantly in a positive relationship.