Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gate Field Plate Structure for Subthreshold Swing Improvement of Si Line-Tunneling FETs

Tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) are promising for use in ultralow-power applications owing to their distinct band-to-band tunneling operation. However, the ON-state current of these Si-based tunnel devices is considerably lower than that of MOSFETs. Furthermore, a high-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\kappa $ </tex-math></inline-formula> dielectric is used as a gate insulator or spacer to increase the TFET’s tunneling field strength; this usually causes fringe-induced barrier lowering and deterioration of its subthreshold characteristics. Here, in this paper, a gate field plate TFET (GFP-TFET) structure is proposed to enhance the driving current and suppress the current kink induced by fringe-induced barrier lowering. A detailed investigation into the effects of a gate field plate on TFET performance was conducted with the help of extensive device simulations. The gate oxide and gate field plate oxide could be used to tailor the electric field lines to increase the electric field in the tunnel junction. Meanwhile, the fringing field concentration was reduced by using a metal with a relatively high work function as the field plate electrode. Thus, the electric field strength decreased near the gate edge and increased in the channel. The GFP-TFET exhibited high driving current and low subthreshold characteristics at the cost of a reduction in cutoff frequency. A GFP-TFET structure with optimized parameters had a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{3}\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher ON-state current compared with a normal silicon tunnel FET. The minimum subthreshold swing decreased from 146.3 to 21.4 mV/dec and the ON/OFF current ratio increased from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{7}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{13}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared with a normal TFET.
Pengembangan Laboratorium Virtual untuk Simulasi Uji Penetrasi Sistem Keamanan Jaringan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah laboratorium berbasis virtualisasi untuk simulasi uji penetrasi dan membandingkan tingkat performa antara server fisik dan server virtual. Tipe Pengembangan laboratorium virtual menggunakan hypervisor Vmware Wokstation. Pengujian simulasi Penetrasi menggunakan pedoman Information System Security Assessment Framework (ISSAF) sedangkan Tools yang digunakan untuk pengujian simulasi penetrasi menggunakan tools yang disediakan pada Kali Linux. Penelitian ini menunjukan jika tahapan-tahapan pengujian penetrasi dapat dilakukan pada lingkungan virtual. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tingkat performa menunjukkan perbandingan tingkat respon time kedua server cukup signifikan sedangkan untuk throughput server fisik 10 kali lebih cepat dibandingkan server virtual. Perbandingan peningkatan CPU pada kedua server juga cukup signifikan berbanding terbalik dengan Perbandingan penggunaan memory pada server virtual 2 kali lebih besar dari server fisik.
Study of the dynamic of Bitcoin's price

This study contributes to the existing literature on the empirical characteristics of virtual currency allowing for dynamic transition between different economic regimes and considering various crashes and rallies over the business cycle, that are captured by jumps. We combine Markov-switching models with Levy jump-diffusion offer a new model that captures the different sub-period of crises over the business cycle, that are captured by jumps. This method also enables to test the relevance of dynamic measures of regime switching with respect to independent pure-jump process, which are not frequently used in the literature. Bitcoin offer something different than a traditional currency; there is potential value of having a network that helps as a secure repository for the common knowledge of all transactions. In addition, value of bitcoin fluctuates so wildly that it may be too risky to serve as a credible store of value.
Multi-Source Heterogeneous Core Data Acquisition Method in Edge Computing Nodes

As the volume of data grows exponentially, big data brings an unprecedented burden to the current computing infrastructure. How to deal with big data efficiently and concisely and reduce the burden of computing infrastructure has always been a big challenge. Therefore, this paper proposes a high-quality core data extraction method in edge computing nodes. Firstly, heterogeneous data are fused into a unified model, the data characteristics of the original data are retained. Then, a Lanzcosbased incremental tensor decomposition method is proposed to extracted the high quality core tensor dynamically. Finally, the model algorithm is verified using real data. The experimental results show that the approximate tensor reconstructed from the tensor containing 15% of the core data can guarantee 90% accuracy. At the same time, IncLHOSVD is significantly better than non-incremental HOSVD in execution time in guaranteeing the accuracy of approximate equal error.
A Middleware for Web Database Security

In order to solve the increasingly serious security problem of web database, we established a Web database security middleware between web application program and web database. The platform independence and maintainability of middleware are realized by using the design concept based on web services and components and Java technology. Web database is controlled and managed by security middleware from four aspects: identity authentication, data encryption/decryption, and vulnerability detection and operation audit. It effectively improves the security of Web database in the network environment.
Knowledge payment research: status quo and key issues

Purpose Knowledge sharing has entered the stage of knowledge payment with the typical models of paid Q&A, live session, paid subscription, course column and community service. Numerous knowledge suppliers have begun to pour into the knowledge payment market, and users' willingness to pay for premium content has increased. However, the academic research on knowledge payment has just begun. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors searched several bibliographic databases using keywords such as “knowledge payment”, “paid Q&A”, “pay for answer”, “social Q&A”, “paywall” and “online health consultation” and selected papers from aspects of research scenes, research topics, etc. Finally, a total of 116 articles were identified for combing studies. Findings This study found that in the early research, scholars paid attention to the definition of knowledge payment concept and the discrimination of typical models. With the continuous enrichment of research literature, the research direction has gradually been refined into three main branches from the perspective of research objects, i.e. knowledge provider, knowledge demander and knowledge payment platform. Originality/value This paper focuses on discussing and sorting out the key research issues from these three research genres. Finally, the authors found out conflicting and contradictory research results and research gaps in the existing research and then put forward the urgent research topics.
A Failure Detector for Crash Recovery Systems in Cloud

Cloud computing has offered remarkable scalability and elasticity to distributed computing paradigm. It provides implicit fault tolerance through virtual machine (VM) migration. However, VM migration needs heavy replication and incurs storage overhead as well as loss of computation. In early cloud infrastructure, these factors were ignorable due to light load conditions; however, nowadays due to exploding task population, they trigger considerable performance degradation in cloud. Therefore, fault detection and recovery is gaining attention in cloud research community. The Failure Detectors (FDs) are modules employed at the nodes to perform fault detection. The paper proposes a failure detector to handle crash recoverable nodes and the system recovery is performed by a designated checkpoint in the event of failure. We use Machine Repairman model to estimate the recovery latency. The simulation experiments have been carried out using CloudSim plus.
Open Source Fog Architecture for Industrial IoT Automation Based on Industrial Protocols

The undergoing fourth industrial revolution is constantly putting an accent on the integration of all entities within a single computational system, by moving from a centralized cloud architecture to edge computation. The decentralization of computational power needs a fog architecture, since it's becoming essential to reduce the latency required to take decisions in the industrial environment, in a way that does not violate timing constraints. This work describes the development and the deployment of an industrial fog architecture based on open source tools for Industry 4.0, called IFog4.0. The proposed architecture is able to exchange data using industrial networks and communication protocols, such as Profinet and Modbus TCP, and it is mainly intended to be deployed to Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). Automation is provided by the proposed programming Integrated Development Environment (IDE), while platform management is implemented by the Fog-Management tool. Furthermore, IFog4.0 embeds other open source tools such as Docker and Grafana, to perform data visualization and transmission. Verification is carried out by deploying the platform to an emulated industrial environment. A gas regulation station has been selected as the main usecase.
Dynamic Behaviors and Protection Strategy of Synchronous Condenser Integrated Power System Under Non-Full Phase Fault Conditions

When a synchronous condenser connected power network encounters a non-full phase fault, the amplitude of the stator current is severely suppressed by the magnetic field generated inside the synchronous condenser, in which the sensitivity of failure protection of circuit breakers are affected resulting in rejection of failure protection. In severe cases, it may endanger the secure and stable operation of the synchronous condenser and the related equipment. In this paper, dynamic behaviors of a synchronous condenser without/with de-excitation action under non-full phase faults are investigated with the following four contributions: 1) A mathematical model under non-full phase fault conditions is established. The theoretical value of fault currents is calculated when the synchronous condenser is without/with de-excitation action. 2) The inferiority/superiority without/with de-excitation action is analyzed. The tendency of dynamic behaviors of variables, including the phase current, negative-sequence, and zero-sequence currents, after de-excitation action, is obtained. A selection criterion of failure protection is proposed according to the dynamic behaviors of negative- and zero-sequence currents. 3) Based on the consistent characteristics of the theoretical calculation, simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC and recorded on-site data from WaveEx, the fact that the simulation model established in PSCAD/EMTDC can provide an effective verification platform for practical applications and data analysis of a synchronous condenser integrated power grid under non-full phase faults is justified. 4) An improved operational threshold of failure protection of circuit breakers is proposed. It can reduce the rejection operation probability of failure protection, which improves the protection sensitivity and enhances the security of the system operation. The simulation results justify the necessity and reliability of the criterion setting proposed for failure protection.
An Iterative Semi-Blind Channel Estimation Scheme and Uplink Spectral Efficiency of Pilot Contaminated One-Bit Massive MIMO Systems

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems consist of a large number of antennas and radio frequency (RF) chains, which cause enormous circuit power consumption at the RF front ends. Since high-resolution analog-to-digital converters are the main contributor in the RF circuit power consumption, one-bit massive MIMO is considered as one of the potential solutions. The channel state information (CSI) acquisition in the presence of pilot contamination is a challenging task in such systems. In this paper, we present an iterative semi-blind-based channel estimation scheme for pilot contaminated one-bit multi-cell multi-user massive MIMO systems, which comprise of two stages: initialization and iteration. The initial channel estimate uses pilots in the initialization stage, which is further refined in the iteration stage with the help of both pilot and a few data symbols. We derive lower bounds on the uplink achievable rate with both perfect and imperfect CSI availability at the base station. Through simulations, we show that the proposed estimator achieves a considerable improvement in mean square error, bit-error-rate, power efficiency, and spectral efficiency from one-bit pilot-aided estimators at the cost of a nominal increase in computational complexity. Moreover, the proposed scheme in one-bit system achieves almost the same spectral efficiency as that of a pilot-aided estimator in an infinite-resolution-based massive MIMO system for lower values of signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR).
Enhancing Portability in High Performance Computing: Designing Fast Scientific Code with Longevity

ENHANCING PORTABILITY IN HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: DESIGNING FAST SCIENTIFIC CODE WITH LONGEVITY Jason Orender Old Dominion University, 2019 Director: Dr. Mohommed Zubair Portability, an oftentimes sought-after goal in scientific applications, confers a number of possible advantages onto computer code. Portable code will often have greater longevity, enjoy a broader ecosystem, appeal to a wider variety of application developers, and by definition will run on more systems than its pigeonholed counterpart. These advantages come at a cost, however, and a rational approach to balancing costs and benefits requires a systemic evaluation. While the benefits for each application are likely situation-dependent, the costs in terms of resources, including but not limited to time, money, computational power, and memory requirements, are quantifiable. This document will identify strategies for enhancing performance portability on a variety of platforms available to the scientific computing community which will have little or no adverse impact on alternate architectures; this is done by implementing an iterative point solver requiring a high degree of data transfer bandwidth of a type commonly used in high performance applications used for computing a solution to partial di↵erential equations (PDEs). In this thesis, we were able to show significant speed enhancements for architectures as diverse as complex traditional Central Processing Units (CPUs), Graphical Processing Units (GPUs), and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Employing generalized optimizations on a variety of development frameworks we were able to show as much as a 92.5% reduction on a pipelined architecture (FPGA) while having a negligible impact on alternate architectures, and an 88.6% reduction in execution time on a Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) architecture (GPU/CPU) while also having a negligible impact on alternate architectures. By enforcing these design rules in released versions of scientific code, the code has the potential to be optimally positioned for future advancements in computing architecture as well as being performance portable among existing architectures.
Cloud Computing Privacy Security Risk Analysis and Evaluation

Background: The most important question about the application and development of cloud computing is the privacy risk, as it has become the key factor for users in selecting cloud services. In order to have a better understanding of the privacy risk, resolve or make it controllable in an acceptable range, risk assessment is very necessary. However, specialized research on the assessment has not yet been found. Methods: This paper has used Information Entropy Theory and Fuzzy Set Theory to evaluate cloud computing privacy security risk. Results: This paper analyzes the research actuality of cloud computing privacy security and combs a number of cloud computing privacy security risks on the basis of digging deep into the characteristics of cloud computing and previous studies, thus further establishing an evaluation index system for privacy risk initiatively. Then, the entropy weight theory and fuzzy set theory are used to establish a fusion of multiple factors of the assessment model. Conclusion: A practical case is given to prove the feasibility, rationality and effectiveness of the evaluation method. A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y Received: February 19, 2018 Revised: April 25, 2018 Accepted: June 28, 2018 DOI: 10.2174/2213275911666180719121041
The Role of Data Analytics in Education

In the last decade, we have seen dramatic increases in the integration of technology within education. It has now become commonplace for K-5 educators to apply learning management systems (LMS) in ways that were previously only seen in higher education contexts. Similarly, on the higher education side, we are seeing a significant increase in online learning evidenced by the growing number of for-profit online colleges and universities (Picciano, 2012). This chapter utilizes Khan’s Learning Framework (Khan, 2001, 2005) to explore the role data analytics can play in education by looking at the possibilities and limitations of analytics
Around the Lie correspondence for complete Kac–Moody groups and Gabber–Kac simplicity

Let $k$ be a field and $A$ be a generalised Cartan matrix, and let ${\mathfrak G}_A(k)$ be the corresponding minimal Kac-Moody group of simply connected type over $k$. Consider the completion ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$ of ${\mathfrak G}_A(k)$ introduced by O. Mathieu and G. Rousseau, and let ${\mathfrak U}_A^{ma+}(k)$ denote the unipotent radical of the positive Borel subgroup of ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$. In this paper, we exhibit some functoriality dependence of the groups ${\mathfrak U}_A^{ma+}(k)$ and ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$ on their Lie algebra. We also produce a large class of examples of minimal Kac-Moody groups ${\mathfrak G}_A(k)$ that are not dense in their Mathieu-Rousseau completion ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$. Finally, we explain how the problematic of providing a unified theory of complete Kac-Moody groups is related to the conjecture of Gabber-Kac simplicity of ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$, stating that every normal subgroup of ${\mathfrak G}_A^{pma}(k)$ that is contained in ${\mathfrak U}_A^{ma+}(k)$ must be trivial. We present several motivations for the study of this conjecture, as well as several applications of our functoriality theorem, with contributions to the question of (non-)linearity of ${\mathfrak U}_A^{ma+}(k)$, and to the isomorphism problem for complete Kac-Moody groups over finite fields. For $k$ finite, we also make some observations on the structure of ${\mathfrak U}_A^{ma+}(k)$ in the light of some important concepts from the theory of pro-$p$ groups.
A Survey of Various Face Detection Methods

— Automatic face detection is one of the most active research area in computer vision literature because of challenging nature of face as an object with countless applications. The goal of this paper is to present a critical survey of existing literatures on human face detection systems. Face detection is a difficult task in image analysis which has each day more and more applications. We can define the face detection problem as a computer vision task which consists in detecting one or several human faces in an image. It is one of the first and the most important steps of Face analysis. In this paper we presented three methods of face detection, which are commonly used. As the number of proposed techniques increases, survey and evaluation becomes important.
A Study of Disaster Risk Communication and Adaptive Behaviour based on Rail Station Protection

: Critical infrastructure is an essential element of the operation of the city, such as for rapid transit, high-speed railway, local railways and other mass transit systems that must not only provide adequate service, but focus also on service quality improvement. These transportation station nodes have a single function or multi-target use, offering facilities for accessing transport, waiting, consumption, disaster prevention and other functions. When the city is an important node in disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fire disasters, terrorist attacks and other disasters, it could seriously affect the city's security, especially through economic losses. In particular, emergency response and disaster recovery require the need to invest a lot in resources and adaptation. Therefore, urban facilities as nodes, space security, risk assessment and adaptation strategies are becoming important issues. This research regards the rail station as critical infrastructure and chooses stations, including railroads, high-speed railroads, and MRT, as nodes and explores the protective measures of stations facing natural disasters or manmade disasters. By collecting domestic and foreign hazard protection literature, this study has established public transport nodes’ risk communication and an adaptive behaviour framework. Based on empirical results, the study finds that the station management department in Taipei uses a systematic approach to prevent and respond to disasters, and may not provide information effectively to help passengers to take appropriate autonomous response measures. The study recommends different contingency measures at stations and public-private adaptation strategies. Commercial enterprises do not have business continuity planning for disasters, they still rely on the government and transport management department for information and emergency guidance. Through this research, some principles and strategies for future disaster planning and urban node management policies are provided.
Gender differences and entrepreneurial factors in psychological adjustment during organizational restructuring

Typically, organizational restructuring come with change and the challenge of what to do when there is job loss. This can impact psychological well-being for both male and female employees. Hence, the study with a sample of 496 [233 (46.9%) males and 263 (53.1%) females]. Their mean age was 39.1 years (sd=10.31). Questionnaires were used for data collection. Two hypotheses were tested with ‘Pearson r’ and t-test. Results showed positive and significant correlation between entrepreneurial factors and psychological adjustment: Entrepreneurial role models (r = 0.28, df = 494, p<.001); promotion of entrepreneurship (r= 0.11, df=494, p<.05); entrepreneurial readiness (r= 0.11, df= 494, p<.05); and subjective norms (r= 0.16, df= 494, p<.05). Gender differences was found in psychological well-being (t = 24.7; df = 494; p<.001). Males (