Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel U-shaped parasitic asymmetric microstrip cap loaded compact patch antenna

─ A novel electromagnetically short antenna with parasitic microstrip cap shape is shown in this paper. The antenna is composed of a U-shaped parasitic microstrip line (cap) excited by coupling with the feed line at patch. The antenna is fabricated in FR4 substrate with dielectric constant, Ԑr=4.55 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Optimization of the proposed antenna is done using modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm in ZELAND IE3D software environment. That gives resonance at selected frequencies and increased gain than the initial design. By using circular slot at the ground plane with miniaturized structure, dualband covering 5.29 GHz to 5.89 GHz (C-band) and 7.93 GHz to 8.86 GHz (X-band) is achieved. A fractional bandwidth of 10.74% at C-band and 11.08% at X-band is achieved. A measured gain of 5.65 dBi and 6.61 dBi is achieved at C-band and Xband respectively, with a circular polarization. Gain improvement is achieved compared to the initial design by more than 2 dBi (average) in the selected frequency for the given resonance using modified PSO optimization. Index Terms ─ C-band, coupled line, optimization, PSO, U-shape, X-band.
Upper Bounds for the Distance between a Controllable Switched Linear System and the Set of Uncontrollable Ones

The set of controllable switched linear systems is an open and dense set in the space of all switched linear systems. Therefore it makes sense to compute the distance from a controllable system to the nearest uncontrollable one. In the case of a standard system, , R. Eising, D. Boley, and W. S. Lu obtain some results for this distance, both in the complex and real cases. In this work we explore this distance, for switched linear systems in the real case, obtaining upper bounds for it. The main contribution of the paper is to prove that a natural generalization of the upper bound obtained by D. Boley and W. S. Lu is true in the case of switched linear systems.
Natural xenoantibodies - their relation to molecular landscape of environment. Presence and possible functions of xenoantibodies in mice sera

Samples of materials from mice habitat (air, feed, drinking water, litter) were investigated in order to estimate their bacterial content and number. The concentrations of bacteria in tested materials ranged from 6.1 × 101 to 3.1 × 105 cfu/appropriate unit. Species of Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera dominated. The cell populations of Gram-positive bacteria overdominated Gram-negative ones. Extended in time investigations confirm the long-term stability of microflora composition of tested materials. Stable presence of bacterial components in animals habitat influences on mice sera antigen specifity composition. Concentrations of specific antibacterial antibodies in tested sera were higher in elder mice and their prevalence were dependent on antigen availability.
Methyl jasmonate influences of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.).

In this study, the effect of concentrations of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on pollen germination (PG) and pollen tube growth (PTG) was investigated in two apricot (Bebeco and Kabaasi) cultivars. MJ led to decrease in PG and PTG of these cultivars. While PG was 63.8% in Bebeco and 52.9% in Kabaasi for control treatment, they were recorded as 11.9% in Bebeco and 32.5% in Kabaasi by diminising with the application of 1 mM MJ. In addition, 0.5 mM and higher of MJ had an inhibiting effect on PTG. The relationships between PG and PTG were high with r=0.93 and r=0.97 for Bebeco and Kabaasi cultivars.
Shuttle-promoted nano-mechanical current switch

We investigate electron shuttling in three-terminal nanoelectromechanical device built on a movable metallic rod oscillating between two drains. The device shows a double-well shaped electromechanical potential tunable by a source-drain bias voltage. Four stationary regimes controllable by the bias are found for this device: (i) single stable fixed point, (ii) two stable fixed points, (iii) two limit cycles, and (iv) single limit cycle. In the presence of perpendicular magnetic field, the Lorentz force makes possible switching from one electromechanical state to another. The mechanism of tunable transitions between various stable regimes based on the interplay between voltage controlled electromechanical instability and magnetically controlled switching is suggested. The switching phenomenon is implemented for achieving both a reliable active current switch and sensoring of small variations of magnetic field.
A polynomial scheme of asymptotic expansion for backward SDEs and option pricing

A new asymptotic expansion scheme for backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) is proposed. The perturbation parameter ‘’ is introduced just to scale the forward stochastic variables within a BSDE. In contrast to the standard small-diffusion asymptotic expansion method, the dynamics of variables given by the forward SDEs is treated exactly. Although it requires a special form of the quadratic covariation terms of the continuous part, it allows rather generic drift as well as jump components to exist. The resultant approximation is given by a polynomial function in terms of the unperturbed forward variables whose coefficients are uniquely specified by the solution of a recursive system of linear ordinary differential equations. Applications to the jump-extended Heston and -SABR models for European contingent claims, as well as the utility-optimization problem in the presence of a terminal liability, are discussed.
Essential to increase the use of generics in Europe to maintain comprehensive health care

INTRODUCTION: Reforms have been introduced across Europe to increase prescribing efficiency with existing drugs. These include measures to lower prices of generics as well as increase their prescribing versus originators and patented products in a class or related class. This is essential to maintain comprehensive health care in Europe given continued pressures. The alternative is insufficient funds for new innovative drugs and increasing drug volumes with ageing populations. OBJECTIVE: To review the influence of measures and initiatives to increase the prescribing and dispensing of generics at low prices on ambulatory care prescribing efficiency. In view of this, provide guidance as authorities strive to introduce further reforms to meet their goals. METHODOLOGY: A narrative review of published papers combined with case histories. RESULTS: The different supply- and demand-side measures have reduced generic prices to as low as 2% to 3% of pre-patent loss prices in some cases as well as appreciably enhanced their utilisation. As a result, prescribing efficiency has increased without compromising care. In some cases, the reforms have led to expenditure actually falling despite appreciably increased volumes. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing use of generics at low prices will help maintain the European ideals of comprehensive and equitable health care. However, countries will continually need to learn from each other.
A simulation model of assistants’ and technicians’ engagement in processing generated requests at a university

This paper presents a simulation model for the optimization of assistants’ and technicians’ engagement in a university teaching process. This model enables us to obtain the values of important parameters for the analysis of the process; even in the case of complex processes at large university departments, which cannot be easily analyzed using analytical methods. In the case when the number of technicians available is not sufficient to process all generated requests of professors and assistants, the assistants take over the processing of the requests, which cannot be processed immediately by the technicians. The characteristics of the system are compared for three different situations: when all technicians are processing the requests of all assistants and all professors; when technicians and assistants are separated in smaller groups; and when the technicians are processing only the requests of the professors and the assistants from their group.
Laminar free hyperbolic 3-manifolds

The purpose of the article is to prove that there are infinitely many closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds which do not admit essential laminations. The manifolds are obtained by Dehn surgery on torus bundles over the circle. This gives a definitive negative answer to a fundamental question posed by Gabai and Oertel when they introduced essential laminations. The proof is obtained by analysing group actions on on trees and showing that certain 3-manifold groups only have trivial actions on trees. There are corollaries concerning the existence of Reebless foliations and pseudo-Anosov flows.
SECONDARY CELL WALL POLYMERS STUDIED BY CONFOCAL RAMAN MICROSCOPY: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, ORIENTATION, AND MOLECULAR DEFORMATION*

Confocal Raman microscopy was used for chemical imaging of wood cell wall polymers and to follow molecular changes during tensile deformation. Spectral maps were acquired from cross-sections of poplar wood and images calculated by integrating the intensity of characteristic spectral bands. This enabled direct visualisation of the spatial variation of the lignin content without any chemical treatment or staining of the cell wall. A higher lignin content was visualised in the cell corners, the compound middle lamella, and the secondary cell wall of vessels than in the fibres. The S1 was distinguished from the S2 by integrating over the band at 1097 cm -1 , because the intensity of this vibration is sensitive to the orientation of the cellulose molecule. The position of this band was shifted towards shorter wavenumbers during straining of wet tangential sections, demonstrating that the cellulose molecule was subjected to a deformation. The band shift was followed during the tensile test and a good trend and correlation with strain and stress were observed. Investigating tissue types with different properties and cell wall assemblies will help to reveal the polymer composition and orientation nondestructively with a high spatial resolution. By investigating structural changes during tensile straining, we aim at understanding the different stressstrain behaviour and the molecular mechanistic phenomena involved.
DISLOCATION LUMINESCENCE IN CADMIUM TELLURIDE

Cathodoluminescence scanning electron microscopy provides a detailed analysis of the dislocation rosette patterns around micro-indentations in cadmium telluride. The activation of a variety of slip systems causes different contrast features, connected to α , β, and screw dislocations. Crossslip plays an important role for the distribution of defects around indentations. A luminescence line at about 1.48 eV occurring in certain parts of the dislocation rosette is probably related to vacancies. The mechanisms responsible for the generation of vacancies are the interaction of dislocations belonging to different slip systems and the dragging of jogs. The vacancies, which are located near or on dislocations generated by room-temperature indentation, anneal after a thermal treatment at 500 K.
Comparison of the Anderson-Rubin test for overidentification and the Johansen test for cointegration

In this paper we discuss the similarity between the Anderson-Rubin test for overidentification in a Simultaneous Equations Model and the Johansen test for cointegration in a Vector Autoregressive model. The similar structure of the two models is shown to be important in this respect. An alternative procedure for computing the Anderson-Rubin test is given, which appears to be faster than the conventional method. The derivation of the likelihood ratio test for the hypothesis of reduced rank is given for the general case. Both the Anderson-Rubin test and the Johansen test are shown to be monotonically increasing functions of the singular values of a scaled version of the unrestricted least-squares estimator of the matrix upon which the rank restriction is imposed.
Traditional water management systems - An overview of Ahar-pyne system in South Bihar plains of India and need for its revival

The traditional water harvesting system that existed decades ago in various Indian states is as relevant today as it was then and perhaps even more. Present day India is no stranger to nature’s fury like floods, drought, famine and hurricanes, and it would be well to learn from the old but true wisdom of traditional customs of water harvesting. There is also need to provide qualitative and quantitative irrigation to various agriculture fields to enhance the production of food grains and improve the livelihood of people in India. Ahar-pyne system is an indigenous irrigation technology of South Bihar which continues to irrigate substantial areas even today. In the present study, it has been tried to review the present status looking into the Institutional and Management issues, assess the reasons for its decline and explore the possibility of revival of the system in India in convergence with the various Government programmes, funding agencies and the local community.
INTEGRATION OF NEESGRID INTO THE NEES@UCLA FIELD TESTING SITE

SUMMARY Before the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Program enters into the operational phase, the full nees@UCLA mobile field laboratory will be utilized to perform forced vibration testing of a four-story office building. The final task remaining to be completed before the nees@UCLA Site becomes fully operational is the integration of NEESgrid, a high performance internet network to support earthquake engineering research within the NEES community. The nees@UCLA Site has unique networking requirements given that it is field testing site, and that the NEESgrid system was originally designed for laboratory-based Equipment Sites. Consequently, the nees@UCLA Site has developed a High Performance Mobile Network (HPMN) to support real-time telepresence through the NEESgrid architecture for off-campus experiments. This paper describes the development and integration of the HPMN and NEESgrid networks, and the potential benefits it provides to future NEES researchers.
Water Surface Overgrowing of the Tatra’s Lakes

Abstract Tatra’s lakes are vulnerable ecosystems and an important element of the alpine landscape. Mainly some shallow lake basins succumb to intense detritus sedimentation, fine fractions of material from the catchment area or to the overgrowing of water level by vegetation. In this paper, changes and dynamics of the 12 Tatra’s lake shorelines that were selected based on the detailed mapping of their extent are pointed out. Changes were assessed by accurate comparisons of historical and current orthophoto maps from the years 1949, 1955 and 2015 – and therefore, based on the oldest and the latest relevant materials. Due to the overgrowing of lakes caused by vegetation, their water surface decreased from −0.9% up to −47.9%, during the examined period. Losses were caused by the overgrowing of open water surface by the communities of sedges and peat bogs. The most significant dynamics of the shorelines during the last decades were reached by those lakes, into which fine sediments were simultaneously deposited by means of mountain water coarse. These sediments made the marginal parts of the lake basins shallower and accelerated rapid expansion of vegetation to the detriment of the open water surface. The overgrowing of shallow moraine lakes lying in the vegetation zone is a significant phenomenon of the High Tatras alpine landscape. It leads to their gradual extinction, turn into peat bogs and wet alpine meadows.
A Product Space Perspective on Structural Change in Morocco

Drawing on international trade data, this paper uses the product space approach to analyze changes in Morocco’s goods exports in 1990–2010 and future export priorities. The level of Morocco’s gross domestic product and its moderate growth match the predictions of product space analysis, informed by changes in the income potential of Morocco’s export basket, reflecting relatively strong capabilities (a high density) in products with relatively low potentials in income and diversification. Morocco’s peripheral position in the product space map matches its slow growth and points to the difficulty of diversification into more sophisticated products. Encouraging changes since 1990 include the development of a revealed comparative advantage for medium- and high-tech manufactures, which in 2010 represented around 40 percent of total goods exports. However, the number of goods involved is relatively small and this transformation has not sufficed to raise per capita growth to the average for middle-income countries. Export projections up to 2025 suggest that future developments will follow the trends of the past. Among sectors, high growth is likely for phosphate-based fertilizer exports. However, like edible oil products, which also may grow rapidly, phosphates are hampered by low income and diversification potentials. Along with various other manufactured products, electronics and the automotive industry are promising sectors that may offer more lasting positive contributions to Morocco’s future development. Beyond goods, Morocco’s policy makers should also consider the potential contributions of service exports, which in recent years have enjoyed rapid growth.
Investigating the interaction between the parking choice and holiday travel behavior

Parking is one of the key links between the urban planning and transportation operation. However, most studies in this field focus on the parking behavior on workdays, and the holiday parking is seldom investigated. This study analyzes the interaction between the parking choice and travel behavior in the holidays. Data were collected at Fragrant Hills and Beijing Botanical Garden during the Qingming Festival (Tomb-sweeping Days) in 2013. The structural equation modeling was applied to examine the causal effects and quantitative relationships between the parking choice and holiday travel behavior and identify the main influencing factors based on the activity analysis. The results show that the parking choice has a close relationship with holiday travel behavior, which is more than an explanatory variable for the travel behavior. Moreover, the parking space availability, parking charge, and walking distance have significant effects on holiday parking choice. In addition, the personal attributes and household characteristics are significant influencing factors for the parking choice and holiday travel behavior.
Development of New Model Reflow Oven for Lead-Free Soldering

The main issue with regard to improving the heating ability of reflow ovens is to minimize the temperature difference ∆T among the various parts of the printed circuit board (PCB) during the reflow soldering process. We need to control temperature within a much narrower process margin when we use lead-free soldering. Accordingly, our development target in this work is to achieve a significant increase in heat transfer coefficient α, fundamental to the heating performance of a reflow oven. We have developed a new model of reflow oven for lead-free soldering with a much higher heating ability by redesigning the hot air blowing unit, specifically by changing the design of the hot air panel. We were able to achieve this target in only five months by using process diagnostic techniques such as direct measurement of heat transfer coefficient and flow visualization, which we have developed and used for various applications. ABSTRACT
Mobility Support in Vehicular Named-Data Networking

In this thesis, Vehicular Named-Data Networking (VNDN) refers tothe use of the Named-Data Networking communication model over VehicularAd-hoc Networks. With the aim of addressing the problems caused by mobility to efficiently support VNDN communications in highly mobile traffic scenarios, various contributions were proposed in the scope of this thesis. These contributions include a routing protocol, able to address VNDN problems such as broadcast storms and message redundancy, as well as solutions to enable content advertisements and for addressing the problems caused by reverse path partitioning, network partitioning, and source mobility. Finally, all the proposed solutions are integrated into a single framework called MobiVNDN. The evaluation results show that the proposed solutions are efficient and scalable, providing high VNDN application performance even in complex traffic scenarios.
Observations of the recurrent M 31 transient XMMU J004215.8+411924 with Swift, Chandra, HST, and Einstein

Context. The transient X-ray source XMMU J004215.8+411924 within M 31 was found to be in outburst again in the 2010 May 27 Chandra observation. We present results from our four Chandra and seven Swift observations that covered this outburst. Aims. X-ray transient behaviour is generally caused by one of two things: mass accretion from a high mass companion during some restricted phase range in the orbital cycle, or disc instability in a low mass system. We aim to exploit Einstein ,H ST,Chandra and Swift observations to determine the nature of XMMU J004215.8+411924. Methods. We model the 2010 May spectrum, and use the results to convert from intensity to counts in the fainter Chandra observations, as well as the Swift observations; these data are used to create a lightcurve. We also estimate the flux in the 1979 January 13 Einstein observation. Additionally, we search for an optical counterpart in HST data. Results. Our best X-ray positions from the 2006 and 2010 outbursts are 0.3 �� apart, and 1.6 �� from the Einstein source; these outbursts are likely to come from the same star system. We see no evidence for an optical counterpart with mB −0.5. Fits to the X-ray emission spectrum suggest a black hole primary. Conclusions. We find that XMMU J004215.8+411924 is most likely to be a transient LMXB, rather than a HMXB as originaly proposed. The nature of the primary is unclear, although we argue that a black hole is likely.
Predictors of childhood severe malaria in a densely populated area: Douala, Cameroon

The physiopathology of malaria is complex. More understanding would be useful for a better management of the disease. This study was undertaken to describe clinical presentation and some biochemical parameters in childhood malaria in order to identify some factors of disease severity. Eighty six (86) children (0 to 15 years old) were recruited in Douala, clinical data recorded and blood sample collected. Thirty one (31) healthy children were also targeted to serve as control. Blood glucose, hemoglobin, transaminases and nitric oxide were determined by spectrophotometry. C reactive protein (CRP) was also investigated. The results confirmed that severe malaria significantly affects children under 5 years. Severe malaria was associated with hyperpyrexia and prostration. Coma, convulsions and unconsciousness were more indicative of cerebral malaria. Hemoglobin and blood glucose levels decreased significantly in severe malaria patients compared with uncomplicated malaria patients or controls (P < 0.001). On the contrary, blood transaminases and CRP levels increased significantly in malaria patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). From these results, it is clear that childhood severe malaria is associated with prostration, coma, unconsciousness, convulsions and hyperpyrexia. Low levels of haemoglobin and glycemia, as well as high levels of transaminases and CRP has been identified as predictor of malaria severity.
Time discretization of diffusion equations: convergence of the functional scheme derived from the binomial tree with local volatility.

We introduce a seemingly new functional scheme which approximates diffusion equations. Contrarily to classical numerical methods, in particular finite difference methods, the principle is only based on a discretization in time. We establish the uniform convergence in time of the scheme and provide the rate of convergence. We illustrate the convergence by numerical examples .