Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Studies on the Sedative and Hypnotic Effect of the Crude and Processed Semen of Ziziphi Spinosa, and the Effect of Total Flavonoid and Saponin

Objective:To study the pharmacological effect of the crude and parched semen of Ziziphi Spinosa; To compare the effect between the total flavonoid and saponin from the parched semen.Methods:To observe the spontaneous motion and hypnosis in mice.Results:The crude and parched semen of Ziziphi Spinosa, and the sections from the parched semen could inhibit spontaneous motion and promote sleep coordinating with pentobarbital sodium of subthreshold dose.Conclusion:Both the crude and parched semen, both the total saponin and the total flavonoid are effective for sedative and hypnotic effects.
Proteins Fibrils from a Polymer Physics Perspective

Protein fibrils resulting from assembly of proteins or peptides into long, insoluble, highly ordered fibrillar structures are emerging as one of the fastest growing scientific areas, since interest in these systems spans disciplines as broad and diverse as medicine, biology, soft condensed matter, nanotechnology, and materials science. Since the discovery of the implication of protein amyloid fibrils in neurodegenerative diseases, to their more recent applications in high-performance materials, the understanding of these intriguing macromolecular assemblies has been steadily widening and deepening. Thus, the precise characterization of structural, physical, and mechanical properties of protein fibrils is the first critical step toward our understanding of these systems not only in the context of biology and medicine but also in nanotechnology and advanced biomaterials applications. In this Perspective we wish to discuss how polymer and colloidal science concepts can be efficiently used to unravel very use.
Hazard of agricultural triazole fungicide: Does cyproconazole induce voriconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates?

Background and Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cyproconazole, the most used fungicide in Iranian wheat farms, on the induction of voriconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates. Materials and Methods: A collection of 20 clinical and environmental isolates were selected for investigation of the in vitro activity of fungicides. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the documented broth microdilution method M38-A2 (CLSI, 2008). Induction experiments were performed and the possibly induced isolate(s) were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing, sequencing of the CYP51A promoter, and full coding gene. Furthermore, CYP51-protein homology modeling and docking modes were evaluated using SWISS-MODEL (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/) and SEESAR software (version 9.1) Results: Among 10 susceptible isolates, only one strain showed a high MIC value against voriconazole (MIC=4µg/ml) after 25 passages. Nevertheless, sequencing of the CYP51A promoter and full coding gene did not reveal any mutations. Cyproconazole, which has three nitrogen atoms in the aromatic ring, coordinated to the iron atom of heme through a hydrogen bond contact to residue Lys147 present in the active site of the A. fumigates Cyp51 homology model. Conclusion: Cyproconazole is being applied extensively in wheat farms in Iran. According to the results, cyproconazole may not play a key role in the induction of azole resistance in the isolates through the environmental route. However, the potential ability of the fungicide to induce medically triazole-resistant strains over a long period of application should not be neglected.
Identification of miners' unsafe behaviors based on transfer learning and residual network

In order to accurately identify unsafe behaviors of miners and reduce occurrence of accidents in coal minesꎬ an image recognition method combining transfer learning and deep residual network is proposed. Firstlyꎬ behavior instances of miners were divided into three dimensionsꎬ namely completely safe behaviorsꎬ relatively safe behaviorsꎬ and unsafe behaviorsꎬ among which completely safe behaviors included walkingꎬ sitting and standingꎬ relatively safe behaviors included bendingꎬ squattingꎬ liftingꎬ pushingꎬ pullingꎬ waving and clappingꎬ and unsafe behaviors included falling and throwing. Thenꎬ ResNet50 network was used for trainingꎬ and transfer learning weight parameters of ImageNet data set were fine ̄tuned. Finallyꎬ 12 classification was conducted through full connection layerꎬ and final classification results were checked against test data. The results show that residual network model based on transfer learning is superior to other deep neural network models in identification accuracy of falling and throwing movementsꎬ and it can effectively identify unsafe behaviorsꎬ thus avoiding accidents caused by human factors.
Design and Development of Solar Charge Controller by Implementing two different MPPT Algorithm

In this paper, MPPT methods such as Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance and Fractional Open Circuit Voltage method has been studied and simulated with MATLAB simulation software and tested with different irradiance condition. Also, two converter topology, Buck and Synchronous buck converter has been studied. Hard implementation of the solar charge controller is done based on the software simulation data and results. Hardware is developed for 1kW system and 48V, 100Ah battery is going to be charged with it. Two MPPT method with synchronous buck converter has been implemented in hardware. This designed hardware has been tested with different irradiance condition. This proposed system can be used in golf cart to make it a stand-alone system with taking care of all protection measures.
The Real Forms of the Fractional Supergroup SL(2,C)

The real forms of complex groups (or algebras) are important in physics and mathematics. The Lie group SL2,C is one of these important groups. There are real forms of the classical Lie group SL2,C and the quantum group SL2,C in the literature. Inspired by this, in our study, we obtain the real forms of the fractional supergroups shown with A3NSL2,C, for the non-trivial N = 1 and N = 2 cases, that is, the real forms of the fractional supergroups A31SL2,C and A32SL2,C.
Maritime Vessel Route Extraction and Automatic Information System (AIS) Spoofing Detection

Automated Identification System (AIS) comprises of a global real-time network of maritime vessels, transmitters, and satellite or ground-station receivers, which are used to track and record time-stamped static (vessel-id, type, etc.) and dynamic (location, course, speed, etc.) information of all maritime vessels. Traditionally, this data feed has been used by vessel traffic services to avoid vessel collisions, however increasingly, marine researchers and data scientists have shown interest in developing algorithms on historical AIS data-dumps with diverse objectives such as estimating trends in global ocean-currents, maritime logistical planning, fishing fleet monitoring and enhancing maritime security. This paper aims to propose a novel shipping-route extraction algorithm to process historical AIS data (running into tens of gigabytes of daily data, from more than a hundred thousand maritime vessels), to effectively characterize global shipping route behaviour and capture its seasonal trends. This is done by formulating a sigmoid based turning waypoint identification, which does not solely depend on the change in the course of a vessel, derived from AIS message. The AIS data is further processed to excerpt the vessel’s distance from the nearest port and nearest shore with resolution of about 1 km, which forms a handy metric for the identification of suspicious ports. Several other use cases are also explored, which include detecting various anomalies in individual vessel behaviour such as intentional or unintentional switching off AIS transmission, shipping-lane deviations, spoofing transmission messages. To tackle spoofing anomaly, various spoofing identification methods are discussed. A region-based spoofing identification algorithm is developed to identify spoofing points under multiple categories using a clustering algorithm. All the results are visualized through an open-source map overlay. The results contribute to a growing body of fast shipping route analysis algorithms.
Clinical evaluation and monitoring of the effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in sub-acute and chronic post-stroke spasticity patients

Introduction. To evaluate the efficacy and maintenance of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in sub-acute and chronic post-stroke spasticity patients in the Suez Canal region. Methods. An interrupted time series study was conducted; 82 patients were recruited in accordance with the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the stroke duration: a sub-acute group (35 patients) and a chronic group (47 patients). ESWT was applied over knee and ankle flexor muscle belly with the following setup parameters: energy: 0.068–0.093 mJ/mm; frequency: 5 Hz; number of shots: 1500. Modified Ashworth score, clonus score, 3-minute walk test, range of motion angle of both knee and ankle joint, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment were established at baseline, after the 1 st session, and at the 1 st , 4 th , and 8 th week for the 2 groups. Results. Regarding the sub-acute group, there was a statistically significant improvement in the modified Ashworth score, clonus score, 3-minute walk test, and range of motion angle of both knee and ankle joint after the 1 st session and after the 1 st week of intervention. The differences were not statistically significant after 4 th or 8 th week. The chronic group showed no statistically sig- nificant improvement after the 1 st session or in the 1 st , 4 th , or 8 th week assessment. Conclusions. ESWT was more effective in treatment of spasticity in patients with sub-acute stroke compared with those with chronic stroke.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: AN ILLUSION OR REALITY

pISSN: 2521-2982 Business enterprises and their policies of conducting business have always been considered as debatable, and another aspect is following social and environmental regulations of jurisdictions in which companies conduct their business—either domestic enterprises or international ones. In different scenarios, companies self-regulate themselves and, in this prospect, environmental conduct cannot be adhered to properly. On the other hand, it has been observed that MNC’s increasingly self-regulate their environmental conduct. Experience shows that when the MNC’s or the polluting companies faced with strong environmental regulations, they move their base of operations to another country with lower (thus cheaper) standards and it affects that country massively. The same situation when it appears with a domestic company, it tries to disguise its fallacy through lack of regulations and policy within its own jurisdiction. What can be done to stop this? Indeed, there are various examples historically such as Lubbe v Cape PLC etc., and similarly, more stringent waste regulations in Europe and other industrialized nations can also help. What about stakeholders and internal management, and how do the repercussions of not adapting to the principles of corporate social responsibility? eISSN: 2707-4587 pISSN: 2521-2982
Implementação de um Cluster Embarcado usando a Plataforma Raspberry Pi

Resumo. Este artigo apresenta os resultados obtidos nas simulações que mensuraram o desempenho computacional e o consumo energético de um cluster embarcado de baixo custo implementado com a plataforma Raspberry Pi. Nas simulações, foram utilizado os algoritmos matemáticos de multiplicação de matrizes e produto escalar, além dos benchmarks HPL e HPCC, onde foi possível constatar um aumento considerável de desempenho obtido com o uso cluster, quando comparado com soluções sequenciais. Também pode-se concluir que o aumento no poder de processamento do cluster com a biblioteca OpenMPI ocasionou um consumo de 5,7% a mais energia durante o seu processamento.
Diffusible and Volatile Antifungal Compounds Produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 against Various Phytopathogenic Fungi

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can potentially be used as an alternative strategy to control plant disease. In this study, strain ST-TJ4 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a healthy poplar was found to have strong antifungal activity against 11 phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture and forestry. Strain ST-TJ4 was identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca based on 16S rDNA sequences. The bacterium can produce siderophores, cellulase, and protease, and has genes involved in the synthesis of phenazine, 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and hydrogen cyanide. Moreover, the volatile compounds released by strain ST-TJ4 can inhibit the mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi more than diffusible substances can. Based on volatile compound profiles of strain ST-TJ4 obtained from headspace collection and GC-MS/MS analysis, 1-undecene was identified. In summary, the results suggested that P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi.
Collision Avoidance on National and Global Scales: Understanding and Using Big Biometric Entropy

Large-scale testing involving more than a trillion comparisons between the iris patterns of different persons has confirmed that the entropy of IrisCodes is large enough to deliver collision avoidance (absence of False Matches) in population sizes of national, continental, and even planetary scale. This short paper explains how the entropy of this biometric achieves it.
On the possible cause of recent increases in NH total ozone

Global total ozone measurements from various satellite instruments such as SBUV, TOMS, and GOME show increases in zonal mean total ozone at NH mid- to high latitudes since the mid-nineties. This could be expected from the peaking and starting decline in the effective stratospheric halogen loading, but the rather rapid increases observed in NH zonal mean total ozone suggests that other physical mechanism may also contribute. Following the cold Arctic stratospheric winters of the mid nineties, winter planetary wave activity has increased that lead to higher stratospheric temperature and enhanced ozone transport into higher latitudes as part of the residual circulation. From a multi-variate linear regression with explanatory variables such as polar ozone loss (PSC volume), planetary wave driving (eddy heat ﬂux) as well as stratospheric aerosol loading, QBO, and solar cycle it can be shown that the strongest contribution to the recent total ozone increases are from solar activity (increasing branch of solar cycle 23) and planetary wave driving. Replacing the linear term (accounting for unexplained ozone loss on the order of -2% per decade in spring until 2003) with the estimated effective stratospheric chlorine loading (EESC), the role of planetary wave driving gets smaller without change in overall statistical signiﬁcance. It is clear that more years of data are needed to uniquely attribute the cause of the observed recent increase in NH total ozone. In addition the question remains, if the current increase in planetary wave driving is part of natural variability on decadal time scale
Some best proximity point results for multivalued mappings on partial metric spaces

In this paper, we introduce two new concepts of Feng-Liu type multivalued contraction mapping and cyclic Feng-Liu type multivalued contraction mapping. Then, we obtain some new best proximity point results for such mappings on partial metric spaces by considering Feng-Liu’s technique. Finally, we provide examples to show the effectiveness of our results.
Distinct discharge modes in micro Hall thruster plasmas

Two distinct discharge modes were observed in a 50 W-class micro-Hall thruster plasma under different operating conditions. A ball-shaped plasma with a broad plume (mode A) was observed at low mass flow rates (less than 0.37 mg s−1) over the entire operational anode voltage range (160–280 V). Raising the anode voltage beyond 200 V with the mass flow rate fixed (larger than 0.37 mg s−1) produced a narrow plume and stretched jet-like structure (mode B). In mode B, the thruster showed performance improvements in terms of thrust (3.8 mN vs 3.3 mN), specific impulse (913 s vs 800 s), and anode efficiency (28% vs 22%), with only a 2 W difference in the anode power (61 W in mode B and 59 W in mode A). This suggests that operation is more advantageous in mode B than in mode A for the utilization of such low-power Hall thrusters. Unique plume properties were observed in the two modes and considerable differences were measured in the Xe II ion acceleration structure, beam angle, and ionization rate as the mode changes, which were not reported in previous studies. Mode A exhibits an axially extended ion acceleration structure outside the discharge channel, where 75% of the final ion velocity is achieved at approximately 40 mm from the thruster exit, while most of the ion acceleration occurs within 10 mm from the thruster exit in mode B. Measurements show that the full width at half maximum of the Xe II ion energy distribution function, electron temperature, and Xe II emission intensity decreased after the plasma transitioned from mode A to mode B. Based on the optical emission spectroscopy, the ionization rate in the plasma plume decreased by 30%–41% after the mode change, which is likely related to the reduction of the beam angle and electron current by 24% and 30%, respectively.
Melt-mixed nanocomposites of SIS/MWCNT: rheological, electrical and structural behavior

Abstract In this work, nanocomposites based on the triblock copolymer polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (SIS) thermoplastic elastomer filled with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were obtained by melt mixing. The nanocomposites were characterized by oscillatory rheometry, electrical resistivity, small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that both, rheological and electrical percolation were achieved at MWCNT loadings between 1-3 vol.%. Rheological tests revealed that the insertion of MWCNT into SIS significantly enhanced the process of relaxation of SIS blocks. Resistivity measurements revealed that conductive nanocomposites were obtained at MWCNT loadings ~1.6 vol.%. The electrical resistivity decreased eleven orders of magnitude from neat SIS to SIS/ 5 vol.% MWCNT. Finally, SAXS and TEM showed that the melt mixing process and the presence of MWCNT hampered the self-assembly of SIS into well-ordered domains.
Study of epimeric 18-glycyrrhizic acid

The physicochemical properties and pharma-cology of epimeric 18-glycyrrhizic acid(18 α-iso-mer and 18 β-isomer)were examined by varioustechniques including GLC, UV, IR, ~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR, MS, CD, and specific rotary power, liverinjury mode were induced with D-galactosamine.Aqueous solutions of 18 α-isomer were stable evenin the acidic pH range(i. e. in the pH range offrom 2.0～6.0)where 18 β-isomer would inducegelation. Under the same conditions, the aqueous so-lution of the 18 α-isomer showed a much highercritical micelle concentration than that of the 18 β-isomer did. The difference between the changes inUV, IR, MS, was not significant. The change be-tween HNMR, ~(13)CNMR, CD and specific rotarypower was evident. The anti-hepatotoxic action of18 α-isomer on GalN-induced hepatic injury seemedto be superior to 18 β-isomer.
Psychiatric defence of a Nigerian minor with intellectual disability and co-morbid mental illness: An exploration into legal grounds

People with intellectual disability and co-morbid serious mental illness are sometimes involved as perpetrators of an offence and suffer exploitation in the criminal justice system. Understanding the link between mental illness and crime and the experience of an accused deserves attention because it may be essential in the administration of justice. The subject of this paper is the experience of a 17-year-old boy, suffering from both intellectual disability and schizophrenia, who was accused of theft and charged to court. The aim is to show how psychiatric services can be helpful in the disposal of court sentences for a minor. The relationship between his mental illness (with a focus on intellectual disability) and crime, and potential victimization in the criminal justice system is discussed. We advocate for awareness on the part of the legal system in the protection of people with intellectual disability from being victimized and recommend the need for psychiatric service to educate the court on the stringent application of the insanity rule.
Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Cement Replacement on the Compressive Strength of Concrete

The disposal of solid waste in open environment is a serious alarming concern that needs immediate attention from the researchers. The hazardous solid agro-industrial wastes which include: wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, corn cob ash and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), having pozzolanic properties, have a versatile use in concrete. The solid pozzolana enhances the various concrete properties by the reaction of silicates with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water, which in result generate a saturated zone of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel. This C-S-H gel reduces the amount of calcium hydroxide C(OH)2 during the hydration process of cement. Very limited research works have been done on concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA. This research work was focused on evaluating the properties of concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA at 0, 5, 10, and 15 percentages. Compressive strength, Strength activity index, and water absorption of all mixes were examined. And it was observed that all SCBA mixes showed an increase in compressive strength and at 10% replacement the strength activity index was at a peak of 115.67%, but all the SCBA mixes showed a strength activity index greater than 75% which satisfied the standard specification. The water absorption test for all SCBA mixes showed a slight increase in water absorption.