Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hospital Arrival after Acute Stroke: Any Better after 10 Years?

Accumulating evidence justifies an early aggressive intervention for acute ischemic stroke, for it has been so aptly observed, ‘Stroke treatment: time is brain’ [1]. The latest advances in stroke management including thrombolytic therapy highlight a de facto mandate for early stroke presentation. Increasing public awareness of stroke warning signs since 1995 has been demonstrated in a recently published contemporary American study [2]. Little is known, nonetheless, whether improved patient knowledge translated into shortened hospital arrival time, which is in turn fundamental to the success of treatment given the limited therapeutic window (when the neurons are ischemic but viable). We therefore undertook a survey of the secular trend of acute ischemic stroke presentation time, using the same methods and survey instrument within the same hospital as 10 years ago. Patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke (of less than 7 days’ duration from symptom onset) to our hospital in a 4-month period in 2002 were compared with a similar cohort during 1989 [3]. The diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke was verified by a neurologist on clinical and radiological grounds. Stroke onset after hospitalization and in-hospital transfer for ischemic strokes were excluded. The symptom onset is defined by the time of neurological deficit first noticed by the patient or any available witness. The exact timing of arrival at the hospital was validated from the computerized registration system at the Emergency Department. Stroke presentation time was determined by subtracting the former from the arrival time. Because delayed presentation to a neurologist for more than 6 h significantly predicted worse stroke outcomes [4], a cutoff of 4 h was thus designated as late arrival to allow for hypothetical treatment within 6 h of onset. During 1989, 501 patients (mean age 70 B 12 years) were admitted with acute ischemic stroke. 29% of patients arrived at the hospital within 4 h. By 8 h, 45% of the patients had arrived at the hospital. During a 4-month period in 2002, 321 cases of acute ischemic stroke presentation (mean age 71 B 11 years) were documented, in which 36% had an arrival time less than 4 h. Forty-seven percent of patients arrived within 8 h of stroke onset. The median presentation time was 9 h after stroke onset. Figure 1 shows the relative proportion of stroke patients presenting at successive time intervals. In particular, in 2002 a significantly greater proportion of patients presented within 4 h of stroke symptoms. The excess in patient proportion arrival within an a priori defined cutoff of 4 h in 2002 as compared to year 1989 was 6.7% (95% confidence interval 0.1–13.3%). Our observational study showed a temporal trend of improved hospital arrival time after acute ischemic stroke. The geographical compactness of our catchment area (with establishment of new hosFig. 1. Proportion of patients presenting at successive time intervals after acute ischemic stroke onset with respect to two periods.
A Review on Data Security in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing and next stage in evolution of the internet. It has received significant attention in recent years but security issue is one of the major inhibitor in decreasing the growth of cloud computing. It essentially shifts the user data and application software to large datacenters i.e, cloud, which is remotely located, at which user does not have any control and the management of data may not be completely secure. However, this sole feature of the cloud computing introduce many security challenges which need to be resolved and understood clearly. One of the most important and leading is security issue that needs to be addressed. Data Security concerns arising because both user data and program are located in provider premises. In this study, an attempt is made to review the research in this field. The results of review are categorized on the basis of type of approach and the type of validation used to validate the approach.
Behavioral modeling and simulation of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverters

This paper presents a model to simulate the electrical behavior of real single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverters. The implemented control strategy includes both voltage and current control loops. This control strategy allows to simulate the injected current waveform under power dynamics or grid voltage disturbances. Irradiance changes and Maximum Power Point Tracker are also included. Inverter internal values are not needed to estimate the model parameters, as they are adjusted from datasheet information and PV plant measurements. The proposed model is assessed using real data collected in Spanish Photovoltaic plants and the results are compared with previous inverter behavioral models.
The Semantic Data Dictionary Approach to Data Annotation & Integration

A standard approach to describing datasets is through the use of data dictionaries: tables which contain information about the content, description, and format of each data variable. While this approach is helpful for a human readability, it is difficult for a machine to understand the meaning behind the data. Consequently, tasks involving the combination of data from multiple sources, such as data integration or schema merging, are not easily automated. In response, we present the Semantic Data Dictionary (SDD) specification, which allows for extension and integration of data from multiple domains using a common metadata standard. We have developed a structure based on the Semanticscience Integrated Ontology’s (SIO) high-level, domain-agnostic conceptualization of scientific data, which is then annotated with more specific terminology from domain-relevant ontologies. The SDD format will make the specification, curation and search of data much easier than direct search of data dictionaries through terminology alignment, but also through the use of “compositional” classes for column descriptions, rather than needing a 1:1 mapping from column to class.
Analysis of web response time in asymmetrical wireless network

In this work the authors show how the asymmetry characteristics of wireless network strongly affects the Web response time of user. It is found that uplink delay degrades Web performance because additional bytes overhead and time overhead are introduced. On the other hand, the study also shows that reduction of Web response time is possible through protocol optimization on different layer of protocol stack.
Long‐term protection of obese Zucker rat kidneys from fibrosis and renal failure with an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/diuretic combination

Some combinations of antihypertensive agents were shown to reduce proteinuria in patients with renal failure. However, preventive effects of such combinations on renal structure and function are presently unknown when treatment is administered before the onset of renal abnormalities. We thus investigated the long‐term effects of an angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (perindopril)/diuretic (indapamide) combination (per/ind) in the Zucker rat, a classical model of chronic renal failure associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Two‐month‐old lean and obese Zucker rats, presenting normal renal structure and function at this young age, received per/ind (0.76 + 0.24 mg/kg of body weight/day) or the vehicle of this combination by daily gavage. After 8.5 consecutive months of treatment, those 10.5‐month‐old rats were used for determination of renal structural and functional parameters which were examined using standard renal clearance experiments and kidney tissue analysis. Per/ind prevented focal and segmental glomerular hyalinosis and tubulo‐interstitial damage in obese rats. Treatment was also associated with a significant reduction in several staining markers of glomerular and interstitial fibrosis. The hypertrophy of superficial glomeruli and the mesangial expansion of deep glomeruli observed in control rats were reduced in per/ind‐treated obese rats. The severe proteinuria observed in 10.5‐month‐old control obese rats was prevented by per/ind, while glomerular filtration and renal hemodynamic parameters reached similar values to those obtained in lean animals. These results show that long‐term treatment with this ACE inhibitor/diuretic combination protects renal structure and function in the obese Zucker rat, emphasizing the potential efficiency of such therapy in renal failure prevention.
On three discrete-time adaptive ILCs for different nonlinear uncertain systems

In this paper, three discrete-time adaptive ILC approaches are discussed fully. In parallel with the continuous-time systems, a discrete-time adaptive ILC with time-difference estimator is first proposed for a class of discrete-time systems with constant parametric uncertainties. And then, a discrete-time adaptive ILC with hybrid-difference estimator is proposed for the other class of discrete-time systems with a mixture of time-varying and time-invariant uncertain parameters. The existing discrete-time adaptive ILC with iteration-difference is also reviewed for the convenience of comparison. Three cases are considered in the simulation to show the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive ILCs and to answer the question that which one is most suitable for the different controlled systems.
Optimisation of the pheromone blend of the swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii, for monitoring.

BACKGROUND The swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer, is a serious pest in crucifers. Its pheromone is a blend of (2S,9S)-diacetoxyundecane, (2S,10S)-diacetoxyundecane and (2S)-acetoxyundecane. The pheromone is used in monitoring traps, and this study examines possible ways to optimise the traps. RESULTS Two dispenser types were compared: polyethylene dispensers and cotton dispensers. Polyethylene dispensers attracted male C. nasturtii for more than 6 weeks, whereas cotton dispensers were attractive for only 2 weeks. All three pheromone components were important for attraction of male midges in the field. The importance of the stereoisomeric compositions of the pheromone compounds was also tested-both in the wind tunnel and in the field. In the case of 2,9-diacetoxyundecane and 2-acetoxyundecane, the non-natural stereoisomers did not inhibit male C. nasturtii attraction, whereas one or both of the stereoisomers of 2,10-diacetoxyundecane did. CONCLUSION Pheromone traps with the synthetic pheromone in a 1:2:0.02 ratio emitted from PE dispensers were highly effective and long lasting. As the mixture of stereoisomers of 2,10-diacetoxyundecane strongly inhibited attraction of male C. nasturtii while those of 2,9-diacetoxyundecane and 2-acetoxyundecane did not have any inhibitory effect, it is possible to produce traps that are effective and long lasting but cheaper to produce and maintain.
Evaluation of the Adjunctive Benefits of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Subantral Sinus Augmentation

Subantral sinus augmentation is often necessary to permit placement of endosseous implants. Recent efforts to improve wound healing have focused on autogenous sources of bioactive mediators, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which offer the potential to enhance the biological activity of bone replacement grafts. The purpose of this randomized, single-blinded, controlled study was to compare bone formation after subantral maxillary sinus augmentation with freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) plus PRP versus FDBA plus resorbable membrane. Ten patients underwent bilateral maxillary subantral sinus augmentation, with sites within subjects randomized to receive FDBA plus PRP or FDBA plus membrane. Core biopsy specimens were obtained 4.5 to 6 months after the grafting procedure at time of implant placement. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a significantly higher percentage of vital tissue in sinuses after treatment with FDBA and PRP (78.8 ± 8.3) than with FDBA and membrane (63.0 ± 15.7). Moreover, the percentage of bone formation in sinuses augmented with the combination of FDBA plus PRP (33.3 ± 11.3) was nonsignificantly (P ≤ 0.10) higher than in sinuses grafted with FDBA plus membrane (26.5 ± 6.8). Residual graft particles constituted a significantly higher percentage of the regenerate in sinuses treated with FDBA plus membrane than in sinuses augmented with FDBA plus PRP (37.0 ± 15.7) versus (21.2 ± 8.3, respectively). When comparing the relative proportion of vital bone to residual graft particles, a significant difference also was observed between sinuses treated with FDBA and membrane compared with sinuses augmented with FDBA and PRP (0.98 ± 0.77 versus 1.82 ± 0.88, respectively). The results of this study suggest that the combination of FDBA and PRP enhances the rate of formation of bone compared with FDBA and membrane, when used in subantral sinus augmentation. Future research is needed to determine the clinical significance and the cost- and risk-benefit considerations of the approach.
Transformation Methods, Coding and Equalization for Time- and Frequency-Selective Channels

A method to generate transmit signal sets is proposed which are especially suited for transmission over Rayleigh fading channels. It is shown that this method in combination with a suitable iterative receive algorithm allows the asymptotical transformation of a Rayleigh channel into a set of parallel additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) subchannels. Therefore, coding methods designed for the AWGN channel are now applicable also to Rayleigh channels resulting in a coding gain that is separable into the known AWGN coding gain and an additional diversity gain attributable to the orthonormal transform. Starting from this result, the method is extended to a transmission over frequency and/or time-selective channels. This leads to an extension of the recently introduced multicamer code division multiplexing (MC-CDM) scheme. A unified transmission model is derived which allows the application of the iterative reception algorithm also in the latter case and to transform time- and frequency-selective channels under certain assumptions asymptotically into a set of parallel AWGN subchannels. The performance of these transformation methods for an uncoded scheme and together with high rate trellis codes designed for the AWGN channel is investigated and compared to the matched filter bound (MFB). For the calculation of the MFB for channels with a separable time-variant transfer function a method is introduced that significantly reduces the complexity of computation.
The nature of antibodies and the immune response in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).

Rainbow trout were immunized with three purified soluble proteins of different molecular sizes: BSA, BGG and KLH. Passive hemagglutinating antibodies were detected in a few of the trout anti-BSA sera on the 31st day and precipitins on the 73rd day after the initial injection of antigen. Only a small number of BSA-injected trout developed detectable antibodies at any interval. No detectable antibodies to BGG were produced by rainbow trout during a 5-month period of immunization. Specific anti-KLH precipitating antibodies were detected by the 22nd day after initial injection of antigen and were eventually produced by all surviving KLH-injected trout. Rainbow trout isoimmune hemagglutinating antibodies resided in a serum fraction which contained 10.5 S and 13.5 S components. They migrated as β-globulins in immunoelectrophoresis. No large- to small-molecule production shift analogous to the 19 S to 7 S production-shift in mammals was observed with either rainbow trout isoimmune hemagglutinating or immune precipitating antibody. Specific natural anti-rabbit RBC hemagglutinins of rainbow trout sera consisted of both large and small molecules. These natural hemagglutinins represent distinctly different molecular species than immune isohemagglutinins. The natural hemolytic activity of rainbow trout serum was in some respects similar to that of the antibody-complement systems of other species. However, it differed in that heat-inactivated trout sera could not be reactivated by various complements and sera, that heterologous or homologous antibody or guinea pig complement did not increase serum titers and that ammonium hydroxide did not significantly affect hemolysis by trout serum.
Economic and Psychological Historiography

The economic explanation of history leaves a gap which psychology has to fill. An explosive part is played in historical events by unconscious defense mechanisms against bisexuality, father or mother fixation, sadism, masochism, exhibitionism, and other instincts. The content of radicalism may suddenly swing to the opposite extreme: leftists might change to radical conservatives and vice versa, because of a blind inner urge. Revolutions, the origin of religions, cannot be explained by economic (materialistic) reasoning alone. Not only the "how" of historical developments is created by exceptional men but also the "what. "
Pathology services in developing countries: a challenge.

T practice of pathology in the developing world— where the majority of the earth’s population lives— presents special challenges for the Western-trained physician accustomed to the high standard of living, long life expectancy, and predictable disease patterns that are prevalent in the developed world. This health care gap will inevitably widen even further as sophistication of technology in our pathology laboratories increases by leaps and bounds, our ability to fine-tune diagnoses is honed, and as medicine becomes more personalized, while many developing countries struggle to provide even the most basic pathology services. This has inspired many pathologists and health professionals to attempt to bridge the gap. Several important such initiatives exist in the United States and Canada, as well as in many other developed countries. However, the situation on the ground is frequently complex, and such efforts may encounter challenges that cover the spectrum from the educational and cultural, to the economic and political. This may be especially daunting for pathologists who are highly trained to perform specialized and sophisticated analyses on problems that relate to the individual patient, to particular diseases, or to pathobiologic phenomena. Our training prepares us less well to deal with societal issues such as those that face the developing world. These challenges are not unique to pathologists or indeed to physicians. The developed world has long struggled with both the practical and the theoretical aspects of aid, and great efforts have been made in this regard. It is estimated that $2.3 trillion has been spent on various aid
Early Gallbladder Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience

Aims and background Controversy continues regarding the best surgical treatment for early gallbladder carcinoma defined as a tumor confined to the mucosa (pT1a) or to the muscularis propria (pT1 b) according to the TNM classification. This study evaluates the effectiveness of different surgical approaches in patients with early gallbladder carcinoma in terms of long-term survival. Materials and methods From 1980 to 2001, 175 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were admitted to our department. Fifteen of them underwent resections for early gallbladder carcinoma: 4 patients for pT1a tumors and 11 patients for pT1b tumors. All patients with pT1a tumors and 8 patients with pT1b tumors underwent simple cholecystectomy. The remaining 3 patients with pT1 b tumors underwent extended cholecystectomy. Results The 5-10 year cumulative survival rate was 100% for patients with pT1a tumors, 37.5% for patients with pT1b tumors who underwent simple cholecystectomy, and 100% for patients with pT1b tumors who underwent extended cholecystectomy. Conclusions Simple cholecystectomy is the appropriate treatment for patients with pT1a tumors, whereas patients with pT1b tumors require an extended cholecystectomy.
Between Real and Unreal: Investigating Presence and Task Performance. The Design of a Pilot Study.

This document describes on-going work investigating the relation of the notion of presence in virtual environments and task performance. Three initial experiments are being designed to identify significant factors which influence humans’ memory related to a learning experience run under various conditions, as well as their perception of the environment. Although results from this study are not complete yet, the initial hypothesis relates to a conclusion made by Slater et al[8], which stated that there is no particular reason to expect presence to improve performance. The motivation of this study is therefore, to conduct experiments in an effort to find a possible link between these two concepts; this would be an outcome which will help define a set of design guidelines to specific applications. The task required subjects to attend a seminar, which was video recorded. The audio data from this seminar is going to be used again by two different sets of subjects, one of them attending a 3D seminar with audio and the other listening to the audio without any visual information involved. The goal of these initial experiments is to analyze data taken from the two mediated experiments associated with data gathered during the real-life seminar. The results could form a base for the design of a follow-up experiment involving a Shared Virtual Environment setting.
A case of synchronous pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and ovarian mucinous cystic neoplasm: use of kras mutation molecular phenotyping to demonstrate independent primary origin.

A 56-year-old postmenopausal Puerto Rican woman presented with a brief history of obstructive jaundice and rapid weight loss. Her past medical history was signiﬁcant for well-controlled hypertension and a ﬁve-year history of type II diabetes mellitus. She had noted worsening hyperglycemia over several months despite titration of oral hypoglycemic agents and had recently required initiation of insulin therapy. She had a ﬁve pack-year history of cigarette smok-ing and reported minimal alcohol intake. There was no family history of malignancy. a (cid:1) ovarian
1 Sound and Music Recommendation with Knowledge Graphs

The Web has moved, slowly but steady, from a collection of documents towards a collection of structured data. Knowledge graphs have then emerged as a way of representing the knowledge encoded in such data as well as a tool to reason on them in order to extract new and implicit information. Knowledge graphs are currently used, e.g., to explain search results, to explore knowledge spaces, to semantically enrich textual documents or to feed knowledge intensive applications such as recommender systems. In this work we describe how to create and exploit a knowledge graph to supply a hybrid recommendation engine with information that builds on top of a collections of documents describing musical and sound items. Tags and textual descriptions are exploited to extract and link entities to external graphs such as WordNet and DBpedia which are in turn used to semantically enrich the initial data. By means of the knowledge graph we build, recommendations are computed using a feature combination hybrid approach. Two explicit graph feature mappings are formulated to obtain meaningful item feature representations able to catch the knowledge embedded in the graph. Those content features are further combined with additional collaborative information deriving from implicit user feedback. An extensive evaluation on historical data is performed over two different datasets. A dataset of sounds composed by tags, textual descriptions and user’s download information gathered from Freesound.org, and a dataset of songs that mixes song textual descriptions with tags and user’s listening habits extracted from Songfacts.com and Last.fm respectively. Results show significant improvements with respect to state of the art collaborative algorithms in both datasets. In addition, we show how the semantic expansion of the initial descriptions helps in achieving much better recommendation quality in terms of aggregated diversity and novelty. CCS Concepts: rInformation systems→ Recommender systems; Information extraction; Ontologies;