Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adult free zones in small mammal populations : response of Australian native rodents to reduced cover

Cover provides shelter, food, nesting opportunities and protection from predators. The behavioural response of small mammals to reduced cover has been well documented. However, very little is known about the effect of cover on community and population dynamics. Australian small mammals generally inhabit extremely dynamic ecosystems, where cover and food supplies are greatly affected by fire. Species are described as early or late seral specialists, generally returning to a disturbed area once their habitat requirements are met. Habitat requirements have loosely been interpreted as cover and food supply, however, these factors are not mutually exclusive and few studies have attempted to determine the driving factors behind small mammal succession. In this study, we manipulated specific aspects of cover in the eucalypt forests of Fraser Island and show that the behaviour and population dynamics of small mammals were greatly affected. A reduction of cover from grass-trees (Xanthorrhoea johnsonii) did not affect small mammal species composition, however, the abundance and size structure distribution of the dominant species (Rattus fuscipes) decreased. Patch use by rodents also decreased after cover was reduced. Rattus fuscipes must trade-off remaining in an environment with increased risk of predation, or disperse to an area with greater cover but increased competition. Juveniles dominated (> 60%) populations of R. fuscipes after cover was reduced, however, size distributions of control sites were relatively more even (< 25% juvenile). While adult R. fuscipes are either killed by predators or disperse to other areas, juveniles that remained or immigrated to an area of reduced cover gained a selective advantage over those in control sites, because reduced competition with adults increased body condition of juvenile R. fuscipes.
Hypothesis. Air embolisms exsolving in the transpiration water - the effect of constrictions in the xylem pipes.

When water flows through a constriction, air can come out of solution (i.e. it can exsolve). This phenomenon is manifested in the transpiration stream of plants. Observations of gas in functioning xylem prompted a hypothesis predicting the daily balance between air and water in wood: a sudden fall in water content at sunrise, followed by an increase in water content during the day. An extended record by time domain reflectometry of volumetric water content (VWC) every 2 h throughout a summer shows the detailed pattern of change of VWC during 25 individual days, giving good agreement with the hypothesis. This hypothesis has wide-ranging consequences for experiments using cut plant parts. Perfusing aqueous solutions through excised xylem also can exsolve air from the water, causing declines in flow. The location of such air was investigated in cryo-fixed perfused vine stems by cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Bubbles formed at residual walls of perforation plates in small vessels, and filled many large vessels. The input surface is revealed as a major source of exsolved air. Precautions to reduce this effect are outlined and discussed.
Feeding biology of bleak, Alburnus alburnus, in Lake Koronia, northern Greece

The feeding of bleak, Alburnus alburnus (L.), was studied in a natural eutrophic lake of northern Greece by an analysis of gut contents. Feeding was more intense during the first half of the day. Monthly analyses showed temperature-dependent feeding intensities, which were high during summer and the beginning of autumn and showed a decline in winter. The low feeding intensity in April coincided with the maximal value of the GSI. Bleak is a zooplankton feeder mainly, consuming Copepoda and Bosmina all the year round. During the hot period the diversity of its food increased. Other Cladocera, mainly Diaphanosoma, but also Moina, Daphnia and other less abundant genera, were found also. Meanwhile, Hydracarina and insect nymphs were found frequently, but in very low quantities. The size of bleak did not play an important role in its food composition. The stenophagic nature of its feeding could be explained in terms of the abundance of zooplankton in the environment. The influence of feeding intensity on the condition factor of the species is discussed.
Major carotenoids in juices of Ponkan mandarin and Liucheng orange

The identification and quantitation of major carotenoids in juices of Ponkan mandarin and Liucheng orange and their changes during harvesting were studied. Neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and β-carotene are the major carotenoids for Ponkan mandarin. During the harvesting period, the contents of violaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene increase significantly. For Liucheng orange, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, antheraxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and β-carotene are the major carotenoids. Among them, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, antheraxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin increase significantly during the harvesting period. The β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene are the major contributors to the color of Ponkan mandarin juice while neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein and antheraxanthin are the major ones for the color of Liucheng orange juice.
Welfare state reform and political allegiance

Many theories have predicted the end of the welfare state, particularly pointing to the formidable challenges and pressures that threaten its viability or even subsistence. The challenges include population ageing, sluggish economic growth, long-term unemployment, changing family structures, the transformation of life cycle patterns, the post-industrialization of labour markets, the erosion of systems of interest intermediation and collective bargaining, the rise of new risks and needs, and international pressures (“globalization”). Still, so far the welfare state has continued to exist, albeit perhaps functioning at a lower level of social and economic performance. Institutionalist accounts of welfare state development have explicitly focused on institutional and policy persistence and identified resistance against change as the most conspicuous characteristic of welfare state development in the 1980s and 1990s. However, there are increasing numbers of arguments and hypotheses that imply a qualification of the resilience argument, in general because there seem to be far more radical or fundamental changes than expected or observed so far. Elsewhere, I have argued that the chances for survival of the welfare state may be more gloomy than expected if the political debate over restructuring continues to assume the inherent political and institutional mechanisms of resistance of the status quo. In addition, a fundamental alteration in the traditional manner in which we tend to think of the welfare state and a radical transformation of its institutions and core policies seem necessary. If it is the case that because “(.) a major overhaul of the existing welfare state edifice must occur if it is meant to produce a positive-sum kind of welfare for post-industrial society,” then the political mission is both immense and paradoxical. The political and institutional defence mechanisms of the “old order” have to be broken down, while at the same time new and innovative social and political coalitions have to be forged that can initiate a “new order. ” The immensity concerns the fact that this has to be accomplished in such a way that the existing level of social protection is guaranteed while at the same time the systems are reorganized. The paradox is that in order to save the essential functions of the welfare state, it must be
Imagination and meta‐linguistic awareness in the development of literacy

In this essay I argue that when children come to school they are confronted by an intervention in their learning, and comprehension of the world in general, that contrasts with the experiences of learning that they have generated previously to make sense of their world. Prior to schooling, where learning is directed from outside, children have undertaken the most staggering feat of learning in their lives; that is, coming to comprehend and speak their native tongue. They have done this mainly by use of imaginative schemes of which we have little comprehension. We take little cognizance and no advantage of their prior learning when we intervene in schooling to teach literacy. We need to examine the attainment and teaching of literacy more thoroughly and not see it as just drilling in reading and writing, but embracing a comprehension of language as an object of thought, here called meta‐linguistic awareness. This comprehension should be encouraged throughout the years of schooling. We need also to employ the child’s native imaginative capacities and relate them to this comprehension.
Book reviews

Johann Heinrich von Thünen (1783 – 1850) belonged to those representatives of the Enlightenment who regarded improvements in agriculture as the key to economic progress. As a practical farmer and scientifically gifted autodidact, he kept detailed accounts of his own estate, which he used to compute optimal solutions to agronomic and economic problems. In economics, his most fundamental contribution is the method of deriving economic propositions from explicit optimizing models. This still makes Thünen, who meant much less to his contemporaries than Ricardo or Cournot did, one of the patron saints of modern economics. A Thünen Society was already established in Germany at the beginning of the twentieth century. The literary remains, including unpublished manuscripts and his correspondence, are preserved in the Thünen archives at the University of Rostock. Alas, a complete edition of his works and correspondence, which was supposed to be published in 1950, is still not available. This is a hindrance to a comprehensive scientific treatment, especially with regard to his correspondence, which has so far not received a reception in width and depth. Thus, apart from some studies, the background and the interconnections of Thünen’s thinking are still not clear. Julia C. Ahrend’s study, although a small book, is an ambitious attempt at constructing a bridge between Thünen’s published works and (mostly) unpublished correspondence, with a special concern in retracing the steps that led Thünen to his theoretical conclusions. Ahrend’s book is divided into three chapters in addition to the introduction and conclusion. In the first chapter, Ahrend presents a thorough introduction into Thünen’s correspondence: she lists his correspondents, reaching from scientists of different professions to members of his family and neighbours of his estate. Subsequently, she presents the stock of his correspondence and explains in detail which part of the correspondence has been published before. Ahrend concludes that former publications, such as those by Hermann Schumacher, a disciple of Thünen, are a rather subjective selection and, partially, put together in a way that distorts the meaning. Dealing with the Euro. J. History of Economic Thought 14:2 383 – 408 June 2007
Book reviews

Malcolm Warner, of Cambridge University’s Wolfson College and Judge Institute of Management Studies, seems to have started an industry. First there was the imposing six-volume International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (and as a contributor of an article to that I must declare an interest). Then came the derivatives: the Concise and Pocket versions, the Dictionary and the Handbook series (and my having a second article in the Handbook of Management Thinking is another interest to declare) – not to mention the Encyclopedia of Marketing. And now comes the Regional Encyclopedia of Business and Management – a compendium in four volumes which surveys management across the continents and countries of the world. Although North America and Latin America are bound together in volume 1, they are considered to be so different that apart from one article they are treated separately – so really you are getting  ve volumes for your money. Every volume has three sections, comprising of a set of articles each of about 3–4,000 words in length. The  rst section of each volume, entitled ‘General Themes’, begins with a wide-ranging introduction to management in the particular area. The writers here are names to conjure with, and Peter Lawrence (Europe), Gordon Redding (Asia Paci c), Suzana Rodrigues (Latin America), Fred Luthans and Richard Hodgetts (North America), and Tomas Kohn and James Austin (Emerging Countries) introduce the issues on their patch very authoritatively. The second articles in this section offer wider comparative perspectives on management through global comparisons. I was most impressed here by the thoughtful comparisons of management across the Americas by Charles Hampden-Turner drawing upon his research with Fons Trompenaars. The second section of each book is a series of articles on specialized themes such as HRM, industrial relations, management education, manufacturing, and marketing in each of the  ve geographical areas. Perhaps because they have so much description of the issues to get through, I found these sections very worthy and informative but not so interesting. But I would pick out as particularly noteworthy the contributions on ‘Marketing in emerging countries’ (John B. Ford), ‘Manufacturing in North America’ (Robert Conti), ‘Strategy in Asia Paci c’ (Usha Haley) and ‘HRM in Europe’ (Chris Brewster). These struck me as adding something more conceptually insightful to the generally competent standards of the surrounding pieces. It was the  nal section in each volume that I found the most exciting. It consists of a set of country pro les – the Asia Paci c volume, for example, has  fteen countries going from Australia via China, Japan and Mongolia to Vietnam. The range of countries covered is most impressive. Many of us in the  eld of international management would feel that we know something about the management characteristics and activity of some Int. J. of Human Resource Management 12:1 February 2001 142–149
Classification and characterization of human full-length cDNA clones that are difficult to sequence

In the Full-length Human cDNA Sequencing Project, 30,160 cDNA were sequenced. Among them, our group performed sequencing of 3,588 cDNAs, mainly using the primer walking method. The sequences achieved an average Phrap score of 76, which means the average of expected sequence accuracy was 99.9999975%, by sequencing of both strands with the criterion of a Phrap score over 30. In spite of the extremely high sequence reliability, we met with difficulty in sequencing 52 cDNAs, which are termed undecipherable cDNAs. cDNAs of long repeats were considered as a possible source of sequencing difficulty; their maximum repeat length sequenced by the primer walking method was 530 bp, without using the random method, and 81% of long repeat sequences remained in the ORFs. In single repeat regions, the insertion/deletion rates were much larger than in the usual regions. The fraction of SINE/Alu repeats in the cDNAs was 5.4%, half of the fraction of the human genome. The fraction of SINE/Alu in undecipherable cDNAs was up to 10%, the same level of the human genome.
Effect of wounding and jasmonates on the physico-chemical properties and flea beetle defence responses of canola seedlings, Brassica napus L.

Inducible defence responses of seedlings of Brassica napus were investigated after cotyledons were mechanically wounded or treated topically with methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Flea beetles (Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze) fed less (twofold) on wounded or jasmonate-treated seedlings, probably because their cotyledons were tougher (1.4-fold), the protein content was lower (by half), and the level of cysteine proteinase inhibitor was higher (twofold) than in untreated controls. Wound-induced defences in the cotyledons of B. napus appear to be based on multiple mechanisms (all relatively weak) that may be mediated by jasmonates.Remarkable increases (up to 25-fold) were observed in the viscosity of cotyledon extracts after wounding or treatment with MeJA. Altered tissue water content, DNA, sugars or sugar alcohols did not account for the increase in viscosity. Heating extracts at 100 °C, trichloroacetic acid precipitation, chloroform extraction, and anion–cation–exchange chromatography removed protein and greatly low.
Influence of MTP on Surface Roughness and Geometric Accuracy of Machined Surface at WEDM

Electrical discharge machining technology is one of the most precise machining methods. Therefore, even the smallest deviation of micro and macro geometry generally has a significant impact on the overall quality of products produced by this progressive technology. The quality of the machined surface after Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is influenced by a large number of factors, most of which are influenced by the Main Technological Parameters (MTP). The aim of the paper was to describe the results of experimental research aimed at assessing the impact of MTP for WEDM on the quality of machined surface in terms of geometric accuracy and roughness parameters Ra and Rz. The samples were made of high alloyed ledeburitic chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steel designated EN X155CrVMo12-1 on a Sodick AQ535 electroerosion machine. The tool used was a standard compact brass wire  0.25 mm with the designation Elecut Brass CuZn37.
A Novel Triple Matrix Factorization Method for Detecting Drug-Side Effect Association Based on Kernel Target Alignment

All drugs usually have side effects, which endanger the health of patients. To identify potential side effects of drugs, biological and pharmacological experiments are done but are expensive and time-consuming. So, computation-based methods have been developed to accurately and quickly predict side effects. To predict potential associations between drugs and side effects, we propose a novel method called the Triple Matrix Factorization- (TMF-) based model. TMF is built by the biprojection matrix and latent feature of kernels, which is based on Low Rank Approximation (LRA). LRA could construct a lower rank matrix to approximate the original matrix, which not only retains the characteristics of the original matrix but also reduces the storage space and computational complexity of the data. To fuse multivariate information, multiple kernel matrices are constructed and integrated via Kernel Target Alignment-based Multiple Kernel Learning (KTA-MKL) in drug and side effect space, respectively. Compared with other methods, our model achieves better performance on three benchmark datasets. The values of the Area Under the Precision-Recall curve (AUPR) are 0.677, 0.685, and 0.680 on three datasets, respectively.
Impact of demand profiles on grid-interactive photovoltaic systems in Bloemfontein: A case study

In this paper the impact brought by different demand sector profiles on the daily operational cost and optimal scheduling of grid connected photovoltaic system with bidirectional power flow is analysed for the specific case of Bloemfontein in South Africa. For this purpose, residential, commercial and industrial daily load curves are used to estimate daily load demands. For comparison purposes, three load profiles representing the demands from the residential, commercial and industrial sectors, have been used and normalized to display the same daily energy consumption level with different demand patterns. The results of the simulations, obtained using Matlab 2016, have revealed that for the same energy consumption and renewable resources, the running expenses of any proposed scheme are mainly dependent on the demand sector. Consequently, it can be recommended that in Bloemfontein and South Africa in general more focus should be on implementing grid-connected renewable hybrid energy with storage system in the commercial and industrial sectors instead of in the residential sector.
Real Exchange Rates and Manufacturing Industry in China

The Chinese real manufacturing value added increased at a higher growth rate (17% per year on average) during the strong depreciation period of the renminbi from 1984 to 1993 than that (10%) during the period of the strong appreciation from 1994 to 2016. On contrary, its productivity growth accelerated at an annual average rate of 9.7% during the real appreciation period relative to 3.6% during the real depreciation period. This paper originally argues that real appreciation of exchange rate may improve manufacturing productivity (rarely studied), mitigating its traditional negative effects; its total effect is thus uncertain; only an empirical investigation can reveal it. We propose a manufacturing value added function augmented of real exchange rate able to estimate these two kinds of effects. To this objective, we calculate three renminbi real exchange rates for the Chinese manufacturing at macro, product and sector levels. The obtained results confirm that the renminbi real appreciation exerted traditional negative effects on the size of tradable sector and employment, but positive effects on capital intensity, efficiency improvement of workers and staffs and competitiveness via Schumpeterian “creative destruction,” innovation and high technology industries. The positive effects on manufacturing value added are however still too small to offset the negative ones. These results suggest that China should gradually revalue the renminbi in function of manufacturing productivity improvement to avoid the serious deceleration of manufacturing industry when its negative impacts on the size of tradable sector, resource allocation to non-tradable sector and employment are superior to positive effects of productivity improvement.
Translocations and human-carnivore conflicts: problem solving or problem creating?

Abstract Translocation is a non-lethal practice used to manage carnivore-livestock conflicts. Nevertheless, its use has been questioned due to its low success rate and high cost. We performed a literature review to assess the effectiveness of translocation, human-related mortality and cost. We estimated the overall effectiveness to be 42% ± 6, felids were involved in 70% of the translocations and 80% of the case studies were conducted in North America and Africa. Human-related mortality accounted for the 83% of deaths after translocations. Translocation cost per individual was estimated at US$ 3,756 ± 357 (N = 16), a sum equivalent to compensate for up to 30 livestock heads. For conservation purposes, translocation is costly and less effective than other alternatives such as compensation with best herding practices.
Association of bamboo mosaic virus (BoMV) and BoMV-specific electron-dense crystalline bodies with chloroplasts

Infection of green bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii) with bamboo mosaic virus (BoMV), a possible member of the potexvirus group, is associated with the formation of a large number of unusual electron-dense crystalline bodies (EDCBs) and virion aggregates in the infected cells. The infection sequence was studied using leaf tissues prepared for electron microscopy. At an early stage of infection, before BoMV virion formation, EDCBs that lacked clear internal structure were detected in the chloroplasts and were used as infection initiation markers (.)