Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Free Radical Quenching Activity of Polyphenols (Lignans) in Three Cultivars of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

The current study represents the investigation of the methanol extracts of three Egyptian flax cultivars for their antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening was realized for the extracts. Three flax cultivars were evaluated for their DPPH• radical, and metal chelating activities, total phenolic (TPC), and total flavonoids contents (TFC). All cultivars exhibited significant antioxidant activities determined by the two assays, and contained significant levels of phenolic and flavonoids compounds. Our results showed that the highest activity of DPPH• radical scavenging activity was exhibited by the methanol extracts of Giza-8 and Sakha-2. The highest metal chelating activity was observed in Giza-8 compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, and others, which could be responsible for the obtained activities. Sakha-2 and Giza-8 showed the highest total phenolics (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) in Giza-1. The correlation analysis revealed that the TPC showed strong correlations with DPPH• radical scavenging activity (p ≥ .05), whereas its correlations with iron chelating activity were poor (p ≥ .05).
Some Nutritional Composition and Functional Properties of Prosopis Africana

The nutritional composition and functional properties of Prosopis Africana were studied using standard analytical techniques. The results gave proximate composition as follows: moisture, total ash, ether extract, crude protein, crude fibre and carbohydrate were 1.9, 4.4, 12.8, 23.6, 3.3 and 54.0g % respectively. The predominant mineral was K (617.5mg/100g sample) followed in the highest rank by Mg (420.1mg/10g sample). Other minerals such as Na, Ca, P, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Cr were 110.7, 362.5, 196.4, 36.2, 46.2, 22.4, 15.5 and 0.2mg/100g sample respectively while Cd and Pb were not detected. Amino acid analysis revealed that the sample contained nutritionally useful quantities of most of the essential amino acids. The first limiting amino acid was Thr and predicted isoelectric point was 5.4. Functional properties results were: foaming capacity, 3.9 %, foaming stability 96.2 %; water absorption capacity, 340.0; oil absorption capacity, 120.0 %; emulsion capacity 30.0 mLg -1 ; emulsion stability 38.4 mLg -1 ; least gelation capacity, 16.0 % and bulk density 0.5268 mLg -1 . The protein solubility of the P. Africana was found to have minimum solubility at pH 4.5. Key words: Nutritional composition, functional properties, Prosopis Africana Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(3), 269-280, 2007
Low Dose of L-Arginine Does Not Change Endothelial Permeability of Aorta and Coronary Arteries in Rat

Nitric Oxide (NO) donors such as L-arginine are a candidate to restores endothelial function. NO itself may change endothelial permeability which is an important factor to control vascular homeostasis. So, the effect of L-arginine on aorta and coronary arteries permeability was the objective of this study. 20 male rats were randomly divided into two groups of oral administrated L-arginine (4 g/l) and control. After five weeks of experiment, the serum level of nitrite by Griess reagent method and direct blood pressure were measured. The aorta and coronary arteries permeability were determined by extravasation of injected Evan Blue dye. The results indicate that after the 5 weeks of experiment, L-arginine increases mean arterial pressure (group I: 157±6, group II: 108.2±10.1 mmHg; p<0.05) and the serum level of nitrite(group I: 35.69±6.88, group II: 23.21±2.72 μmol/l; p<0.05) significantly. No statistical differences were observed in endothelial permeability of aorta (group I: 66.6±5.4, group II: 85.23±10.64 μg/g.tissue) and coronary arteries (group I: 28.2±3.17, group II: 22.83±1.39 μg/g. tissue) between the groups. Low dose L-arginine may increases the level of nitrite; last metabolite of NO in plasma, but its effect on aorta and coronary arteries permeability is not certain.
[Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ Light-switch mechanism in protic solvents as studied through temperature-dependent lifetime measurements

Temperature-dependent excited-state lifetime measurements have been performed on four different Ru(II)-based dppz compounds in protic and aprotic solvents. This work supports the existence of a dynamic equilibrium between two MLCT states associated with the dppz ligand: one is a bright state with a ligand orbital similar in size to that associated with the 3MLCT state of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, and the other is a dark phz-like state. Our results are consistent with a light-switch mechanism involving a competition between energetic factors that favor the dark (phz) state and entropic factors that favor the bright (bpy) state. This paper explores the photophysics of these light-switch compounds through a systematic variation of the equilibrium energetics. This is accomplished by (1) varying the dielectric strength of the solvent and (2) making chemical substitutions on the dppz ligand. Observations obtained from all four compounds in six different solvents can be explained using this equilibrium model.
Purity and stability of radiochemical tracers in autoradiography

Autoradiography is used as a means of ‘visualizing’ the results of tracer investigations; it gives a measure of ‘events’ which have already occurred. This paper discusses some of the problems peculiar to radiochemicals which should be clearly recognized prior to the application of autoradiographic techniques and the interpretation of the data obtained.
Preparation and characterization of benzylated sisal fibers

Sisal fibers were benzylated under different conditions and were characterized with infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The benzylation reaction was monitored by the mass gain as a function of the reaction time. In the first stage, there was a mass loss associated with the loss of lignin and polyoses from the raw fiber, which was accompanied by an increase in mass due to benzyl incorporation. When fiber delignification was carried out before benzylation, the mass gain curves of the benzylation reaction presented no initial mass loss and a much higher mass gain. Benzylation promoted several morphological changes: (1) the loss of the parenchyma cells, (2) the defibrillation of the technical fibers into ultimate fibers, (3) the microdefibrillation of the ultimate fibers, and (4) benzyl incorporation. The crystallinity of the fibers decreased with benzylation, as observed by X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability of the fibers varied according to the treatment used. Other changes promoted in the fibers by chemical modification were examined. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2957–2965, 2003
Påsk, höstblot och jul : sambandet mellan årliga högtider och forntida gravars orientering

It is well known that the orientation of Viking Period inhumation graves in Sweden was influenced by Christian beliefs. A sample of 204 excavated graves from 33 cemeteries in the vicinity of Stockholm is analyzed. By considering statistical indications and historical traditions and evaluating several hypotheses it is argued that the celestial phenomenon behind the graves' orientation is the Easter sunrise. Also discussed are the details of the orientation, grave orientation in general, samples from other parts of northern Europe (including England, Finland and Estonia), the orientation of early churches, the introduction of the Julian calendar and the concurrence between heathen and Christian annual festivals. A model is proposed for the development of grave orientation traditions and festivals from the Neolithic until the Middle Ages in Sweden.
Forces between glass surfaces in aqueous polyethylenimine solutions

Interaction forces between flame-polished glass surfaces were measured in a range of aqueous solutions of a branched cationic polyelectrolyte, polyethylenimine (PEI) MW approximate to 70 000 g/mol. Short incubation in 1 ppm PEI solution leads to neutralization of the glass negative surface charge. At this point the interaction forces are dominated by a bridging attraction detectable at separations below 10 nm. Prolonged incubation in the same solution results in charge reversal. Upon increasing the bulk polymer concentration, an additional adsorption takes place, and the magnitude of the observed charge reversal increases. In 50 ppm PEI an additional electrosteric force is present at short distances, and the force measured on approach remains repulsive at all separations. The pull-off forces measured on separation were shown to be dependent on the time the two surfaces spent in contact and increased with increasing contact time. In addition, the concentration dependence of the pull-off force in PEI solutions was compared to two linear, highly charged polyelectrolytes polyvinylamine (PVAm) and poly([2-(propionyloxy)ethyl]trimethylamonium chloride) (PCMA). It was found that the two linear polyelectrolytes induce lower adhesion between glass surfaces than PEI. Further, for the linear polyelectrolytes the adhesion force was not strongly influenced by the polyelectrolyte concentration for concentrations higher than 2 ppm. In contrast, PEI generates higher adhesive forces at low bulk concentrations, which then sharply decrease upon increasing the PEI concentration. These differences are discussed in terms of both the PEI highly branched structure and the fact that the PEI charge is concentration dependent due to changes in solution pH.
The Prediction of Wax Precipitation by Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm and Comparison With a Multisolid Model in Crude Oil Systems

Abstract This article introduce a new implementation of the neural network and genetic programming neural network technology in petroleum engineering. An intelligent framework is developed for calculating the amount of wax precipitation in petroleum mixtures over a wide temperature range. Theoretical results and practical experience indicate that feedforward networks can approximate a wide class of function relationships very well. In this work, a conventional feedforward multilayer neural network and genetic programming neural network (GPNN) approach have been proposed to predict the amount of wax precipitation. The introduced model can predict wax precipitation through neural network and genetic algorithmic techniques. The accuracy of the method is evaluated by predicting the amount of wax precipitation of various reservoir fluids not used in the development of the models. Furthermore, the performance of the model is compared with the performance of multisolid model for wax precipitation prediction and experimental data. Results of this comparison show that the proposed method is superior, both in accuracy and generality, over the other models.
Regulation of Silica Nanotube Diameters: Sol−Gel Transcription Using Solvent-Sensitive Morphological Change of Peptidic Lipid Nanotubes as Templates

A secondary ammonium hydrochloride of the peptidic lipid, in which the l-prolyl-l-prolyl-l-proline fragment is coupled with an l-glutamate derivative carrying two long alkyl chains, self-assembles in water to form nanotube structures and acts as a template to transcribe them to silica nanotubes through sol−gel reaction. When the peptidic lipids self-assemble in mixtures of ethanol and water, the resultant self-assembled structures showed notable morphological changes from tubular structures with different diameters to spherical ones. Using the obtained self-assembled structures as templates in different ethanol/water mixtures, we carried out the sol−gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The obtained silica structures gave tubular structures with different diameters of 80, 50, and 30 nm and hollow spheres, just corresponding to the morphological change in the self-assembled templates. We thus controlled the diameters and dimensions of the silica nanotubes, which depend on the ethanol volume fractions.
Catalytic Decomposition of Methane to Hydrogen and Carbon Nanofibers over Ni−Cu−SiO2 Catalysts

Highly active and stable Ni−Cu−SiO2 catalysts are prepared by a coprecipitation method and are employed for direct decomposition of methane to hydrogen and carbon nanofibers at 650 °C and atmospheric pressure. The influence of Cu content is investigated over Ni−Cu−SiO2 samples with different Cu/Si ratios. The activity results revealed that a certain amount of Cu could enhance methane decomposition activity of Ni. The influence of catalyst calcination temperature is also explored, and it is concluded that calcination at 450 °C is enough for good catalytic performance of Ni−Cu−SiO2 samples. The physicochemical characteristics of fresh catalysts are characterized by BET-SA, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The deactivated catalysts are analyzed by BET-SA, XRD, Raman, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and carbon hydrogen nitrogen sulfur (CHNS) techniques. T.
A study of gas‐aerosol equilibrium and aerosol pH in the remote marine boundary layer during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1)

A thermodynamic equilibrium model was applied to study the interactions of gas-phase NH 3 , HNO 3 , and HCI with size-resolved aerosols and estimate aerosol pH in the remote marine boundary layer during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1). Analysis of model results and field measurements indicates that accumulation-mode aerosols were probably in equilibrium with NH 3 , HNO 3 , and HCl simultaneously. The largest coarse-mode aerosols did not appear to be in equilibrium with HNO 3 , but may have been in equilibrium with NH 3 and HCI. The estimated pH of accumulation-mode aerosols was 0-2, a function primarily of the amount of sulfate relative to sea salt present in that mode. By contrast, the estimated equilibrium pH of coarse-mode aerosols was 2-5, a function primarily of relative humidity and gas-phase HCI. Prior to exposure to HCI, the estimated pH of fresh sea spray aerosols was 7-9, a function primarily of relative humidity. Sensitivity tests showed that the drying of aerosols during the sampling process may have volatilized up to 30% of NH 4 + .
Consumer perceptions of novel fruit and familiar fruit: a repertory grid application

To explore how consumers perceive novel and familiar fruit, repertory grid interviews were carried out with 60 New Zealand women. Participants described their perceptions of nine fruit varying in familiarity. The data analysis established a two-dimensional stimuli space that separated samples with respect to familiarity and the amount of preparation required. Fruit that was familiar was characterised as being well liked, easily available in shops and by a number of different use situations. The primary association with novel fruit was that it was expensive. The participants could not readily think of use situations for fruit they were unfamiliar with. Consumers were separated into groups according to the trait of food neophobia, which pertains to an individual's stable propensity to approach or avoid novel foods. When comparing the most neophobic (n = 14; avoids novel foods) and most neophilic (n = 14; approaches novel foods), individuals perceptual differences were uncovered pertaining to which of the fruit were considered novel and to the suitability of some usage situations (cooking and for children). This finding contributed to the growing evidence of the relationship between food neophobia and consumers' everyday food-related behaviour. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Transition from Micelles to Vesicles in Aqueous Mixtures of Anionic and Cationic Surfactants

Vesicles form spontaneously in a variety of aqueous mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants. Here we report the morphological transition from spherical micelles to vesicles observed in mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as probed by the complementary techniques of quasielastic light scattering (QLS), NMR self-diffusion and relaxation measurements, and time-resolved fluorescence quenching (TRFQ) experiments. In these mixtures, there is limited growth of the micelles with changes in composition, and vesicles abruptly begin to form at a characteristic mixing ratio of the two surfactants. As the composition moves further into the vesicle region, the quantity of micelles decreases in proportion to the number of vesicles that form. Thus, in mixtures of DTAC and SDBS, the transition from micelles to vesicles is continuous. This is in contrast to the first-order phase transition exhibited by other aqueous mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants, in.
Image analysis and processing of an imperfect two‐dimensional crystal: the surface layer of the archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius re‐investigated

The surface layer of the archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius has been re‐investigated exploring various image analysis and image processing strategies. Straightforward correlation averaging correcting for translational disorder only, and lattice unbending in conjunction with filtration in the Fourier domain gave equivalent results. Careful examination of cross‐correlation functions as well as multivariate statistical analysis of individual unit cells revealed the existence of interpenetrating domains with intrinsic p3 symmetry but rotated with respect to each other by 60° and separated by twin boundaries. Non‐discriminative averaging over twinned crystal patches generates a higher (p6) class of symmetry emphasizing the importance of selective averaging.
Polymerization in ionic liquid-based microemulsions

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable solutions comprising of two immiscible liquids, and at least one additional component, typically a surfactant. The use of microemulsions as templates for the synthesis of nanostructured polymer materials has been well developed. Ionic liquid-based microemulsions have recently attracted a great deal of interest because of their unique features attributable to ionic liquids. This review summarizes recent studies of polymerizations in IL-based microemulsions, and some applications for the synthesis of polymeric materials.
Comparison of Phosphorus Uptake from Poultry Litter Compost with Triple Superphosphate in Codorus Soil

Nutrient management plans require that fertilizer equivalents of manures and composts be used in determining the total nutrient application to soils. The P nutrient content of manure composts has not been studied as extensively as N. In a growth chamber study using 15-cm pots, a Codorus silt loam soil (Fluvaquentic dystrochrepts) with less than 10 mg kg -1 Mehlich-3 extractable P was amended with poultry litter compost (PLC) or triple superphosphate (TSP) at rates of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 kg P ha -1 . Nitrogen was supplied to be uniform across all treatments, taking into account the N mineralization rate of PLC. Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) was grown and harvested three times over 103 d. Yield of fescue was curvilinear related to rate of amendment, but yield was not affected by PLC or TSP. Models describing yield changes with rate were different for TSP and PLC. Phosphorus uptake was statistically the same for both treatments, and a single quadratic equation described P uptake with rate. These data indicate that PLC added to soils on a total P basis provided the same amount of fertilizer equivalents as TSP. The use of composted manure as a N source narrows further the plant available N/P ratio from that recorded in manures because N is immobilized and P is not. To use manure compost as source of P, more fertilizer N would be required to satisfy crops needs than if manure was used as a P source.
Evaluating Phosphorus Sorption Capacity of Acidic Soils by Short-Term and Long-Term Equilibration Procedures

Abstract Estimating soil phosphorus (P) sorption parameters, such as the sorption capacity (PSC) and the degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS), is important in order to evaluate the potential of P loss from soil to water. Generally, PSC is determined by short-term P sorption measurements or, in acidic soils, is taken to be α(Alox + Feox), where Alox and Feox represent the amounts of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) extracted by a single extraction of oxalate, and α is the scaling factor. Then, DPS is calculated as the percentage of already sorbed P, assumed to be the amount of P extracted from soil with the oxalate solution (Pox), to PSC. A sorption experiment was carried out over 180 days on twenty-four acidic soils from different countries of Europe, in order to estimate long-term soil P sorption capacity and DPS, and to investigate their relationships with short-term sorption (PSI24 h), and Alox and Feox. Soils presented a very wide range in PSC (19.1–284.3 mmol P sorbed kg−1 soil) and DPS (5.5–63.8%), with P sorption resulting strongly correlated with the sum of oxalate extractable Al and Fe (r = 0.996; p < 0.001). The slope (α of the regression equation between PSC and (Alox + Feox) was 0.49, very close value to that (0.50) normally used by several researchers to indirectly calculate PSC from Alox + Feox measurements. Sorption capacity determined after 180 days of soil-P equilibration was, on average, 2.71 times greater than the 24-h derived P sorption. However, a strong correlation was observed for the relationship between long-term P sorption and PSI24 h (r = 0.950; p < 0.001), which confirms that short-cut P sorption measures can be effectively used to estimate the P sorption capacity of soils with reasonable accuracy.
Quantification of bovine IgG in milk using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay

A double sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure for the quantification of IgG in bovine milk was developed for detecting the concentration of IgG in various homogenized HTST, UHT, evaporated and raw milk samples as well as skim milk powder. ELISA results were consistently lower than radial immunodiffusion (RID) values for the same sample, suggesting interference by an unknown constituent in the milk matrix. This difficulty was overcome by using a reference milk, quantified previously for IgG by RID. A significant linear relationship (y=2.03x‐0.034, r=0.891, n= 150, p<0.001) was obtained for IgG content in unknown raw milk samples determined by ELISA using serial dilutions of the reference milk (y) or commercial IgG (x) to construct standard curves. The slope of the regression line could be used as a correction factor. Alternatively, IgG in unknown samples could be directly quantified from absorbance values of reference milk serial dilutions assayed on the same ELISA plate. Using this.
Réseaux bayésiens pour l'identification de variables hors-contrôle

Le but de cet article est de presenter une methode de detection et d'identification par reseaux bayesiens. Pour cela, une combinaison est realisee entre les recents travaux de Li et al. (decomposition causale du T2) et certains de nos precedents travaux (cartes de controle multivariees par reseaux bayesiens). Ainsi, pour un procede multivarie, les ameliorations proposees permettent a la fois la detection d'une faute et l'identification des variables impliquees dans celle-ci. Un interet particulier de cette methode reside dans le fait qu'elle n'exploite qu'un seul et meme outil : un reseau bayesien.
Compton scattering studies in ZnS and ZnSe

59.54 keV γ-ray Compton profiles (CP) of polycrystalline samples of ZnS and ZnSe are reported for the first time. Both the profiles scaled to lattice momentum are found to be similar except for the low momentum region where ZnS profile is more peaked. The difference in the two profiles at the low momentum region could be a core-orthogonalisation effect which needs to be evaluated. Erstmalig werden 59,54 keV-γ-Comptonprofile (CP) von polykristallinen ZnS- und ZnSe-Proben untersucht. Es wird gefunden, das beide auf den Gitterimpuls bezogenen Profilen ahnlich sind, auser im Bereich niedriger Impulse, wo das ZnS-Profil ausgepragter ist. Der Unterschied der beiden Profile im Bereich niedriger Impulse konnte ein Rumpf-Orthogonalisierungseffekt sein, der berechnet werden mus.