Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gestión de la plantilla médica en un servicio de urgencias

Este trabajo aborda el estudio la confeccion de calendarios de trabajo de la plantilla medica de un Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalario (SUH), problema que afecta mayoritariamente a empresas en las que sus empleados trabajan bajo un patron rotatorio. El trabajo pretende establecer, mediante tecnicas de algoritmica genetica, un metodo automatico para la confeccion de carteleras mensuales de trabajo, lo que permite evitar su confeccion y optimizar el cumplimiento de restricciones “hard” y “soft” impuestas al problema y que recogen los requisitos de los trabajadores de un SUH. El estudio tambien muestra los resultados obtenidos respecto al grado de cumplimiento de las restricciones impuestas al problema y la adaptabilidad del sistema a los cambios impuestos en tales restricciones
Arsenic rich Himalayan hot spring metagenomics reveal genetically novel predator-prey genotypes.

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus are small Deltaproteobacteria that invade, kill and assimilate their prey. Metagenomic assembly analysis of the microbial mats of an arsenic rich, hot spring was performed to describe the genotypes of the predator Bdellovibrio and the ecogenetically adapted taxa Enterobacter. The microbial mats were enriched with Bdellovibrio (1.3%) and several Gram-negative bacteria including Bordetella (16%), Enterobacter (6.8%), Burkholderia (4.8%), Acinetobacter (2.3%) and Yersinia (1%). A high-quality (47 contigs, 25X coverage; 3.5 Mbp) draft genome of Bdellovibrio (strain ArHS; Arsenic Hot Spring) was reassembled, which lacked the marker gene Bd0108 associated with the usual method of prey interaction and invasion for this genus, while maintaining genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes necessary for prey assimilation. By filtering microbial mat samples (< 0.45 μm) to enrich for small predatory cell sizes, we observed Bdellovibrio-like cells attached side-on to E. coli through electron microscopy. Furthermore, a draft pan-genome of the dominant potential host taxon, Enterobacter cloacae ArHS (4.8 Mb), along with three of its viral genotypes (n = 3; 42 kb, 49 kb and 50 kb), was assembled. These data were further used to analyse the population level evolutionary dynamics (taxonomical and functional) of reconstructed genotypes.
Channel-robust speaker identification using modified-mean cepstral mean normalization with frequency warping

The performance of automatic speaker recognition systems is significantly degraded by acoustic mismatches between training and testing conditions. Such acoustic mismatches are commonly encountered in systems that operate on speech collected over telephone networks, where different handsets and different network routes impose varying convolutional distortions on the speech signal. A new algorithm, the modified-mean cepstral mean normalization with frequency warping (MMCMNFW) method, which improves upon the commonly-employed cepstral mean subtraction method, has been developed. Experimental results on closed-set speaker identification tasks on a channel-corrupted subset of the TIMIT database and on a subset of the NTIMIT database are presented. The new algorithm is shown to offer improved recognition rates over other existing channel normalization methods on these databases.
Spontaneous Brain and Spinal Cord/Nerve Neoplasms in Aged Sprague-Dawley Rats

Primary malignant neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord occurred in 20/718 male (2.8%) and in 13/717 female (1.8%) Crl:CD®Br strain Sprague-Dawley rats. Of 33 neoplasms, 30 were found in brain while 3 were in the spinal cord. In males and females, the most common brain neoplasm was astrocytoma (13 males, 9 females). Other neoplasms, granular cell tumor (1 male), mixed glioma (2 males, 1 female), reticulosis (1 male, 2 females), and oligodendroglioma (2 males), were especially uncommon. Spinal cord neoplasms included 2 schwannomas (1 male, 1 female) and an astrocytoma (1 male). The overall brain neoplasm incidence was similar for males (2.8%) compared to data compiled for this strain, and there was a 2-fold increase for females (1.8% vs 0.9%) compared to available incidence data.
Transoral, flexible endoscopic suturing for treatment of GERD: a multicenter trial.

BACKGROUND A totally transoral outpatient procedure for the treatment of GERD would be appealing. METHODS A multicenter trial was initiated that included 64 patients with GERD treated with an endoscopic suturing device. Inclusion criteria were 3 or more heartburn episodes per week while not taking medication, dependency on antisecretory medicine, and documented acid reflux by pH monitoring. Exclusion criteria were dysphagia, grade 3 or 4 esophagitis, obesity, and hiatus hernia greater than 2 cm in length. Patients underwent manometry, endoscopy, 24-hour pH monitoring, and symptom severity scoring before and after the procedure. Patients were randomized to a linear or circumferential plication configuration. Adverse procedural events were recorded. RESULTS Mean 6-month symptom score changes demonstrated procedural efficacy. Heartburn severity and frequency as well as regurgitation all improved (p > 0.0001 for each). Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring showed improvement in number of episodes below pH of 4 at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.0007 and 0.0002) and percentage of total time the pH was less than 4 at 6 months (p < 0.011). Plication configuration did not affect symptoms or pH monitoring results. One patient had a self-contained suture perforation that was successfully treated with antibiotics. CONCLUSION Endoscopic gastroplasty is safe. It is associated with reduced symptoms and medication use at 6 month follow-up in patients with uncomplicated GERD.
Iron supplemented formula milk related to reduction in psychomotor decline in infants from inner city areas: randomised study.

Abstract Objective: To compare the effect of unmodified cows‘ milk and iron supplemented formula milk on psychomotor development in infants from inner city areas when used as the main milk source. Design: Double blind, randomised intervention trial. Setting: Birmingham health centre. Subjects: 100 infants, mean age 7.8 months (range 5.7 to 8.6 months), whose mothers had already elected to use unmodified cows‘ milk as their infant's milk source. Intervention: Changing to an iron supplemented formula milk from enrolment to 18 months of age, or continuing with unmodified cows‘ milk. Main outcome measures: Developmental assessments using Griffiths scales at enrolment and at 18 and 24 months. Results: 85 participants completed the trial. There were no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the two groups at enrolment, but by 18 months of age 33% of the unmodified cows‘ milk group, but only 2% of the iron supplemented group, were anaemic (P<0.001). The experimental groups had Griffiths general quotient scores that were not significantly different at enrolment, but the scores in both groups declined during the study. By 24 months the decrease in the mean scores in the unmodified cows‘ milk group was 14.7 whereas the decrease in the mean scores in the iron supplemented group was 9.3 (P<0.02, 95% confidence interval 0.4 to 10.4). Mean subquotient scores were considerably lower in the unmodified cows‘ milk group at 24 months; significantly so for personal and social scores (P<0.02, –5.4 to 17.2). Conclusion: Replacing unmodified cows‘ milk with an iron supplemented formula milk up to 18 months of age in infants from inner city areas prevents iron deficiency anaemia and reduces the decline in psychomotor development seen in such infants from the second half of the first year.
Early B-Cell Activation after West Nile Virus Infection Requires Alpha/Beta Interferon but Not Antigen Receptor Signaling

ABSTRACT The B-cell response against West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic Flavivirus of global concern, is critical to controlling central nervous system dissemination and neurological sequelae, including death. Here, using a well-characterized mouse model of WNV infection, we examine the factors that govern early B-cell activation. Subcutaneous inoculation with a low dose of replicating WNV results in extensive B-cell activation in the draining lymph node (LN) within days of infection as judged by upregulation of the surface markers CD69, class II major histocompatibility complex, and CD86 on CD19+ cells. B-cell activation in the LN but not the spleen was dependent on signals through the type I alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) receptor. Despite significant activation in the draining LN at day 3 after infection, WNV-specific B cells were not detected by immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunospot analysis until day 7. Liposome depletion experiments demonstrate that B-cell activation after WNV infection was not affected by the loss of F4/80+ or CD169+ subcapsular macrophages. Nonetheless, LN myeloid cells were essential for control of viral replication and survival from infection. Overall, our data suggest that the massive, early polyclonal B-cell activation occurring in the draining LN after WNV infection is immunoglobulin receptor and macrophage independent but requires sustained signals through the type I IFN-α/β receptor.
Solution Structure and Novel Insights into the Determinants of the Receptor Specificity of Human Relaxin-3*

Relaxin-3 is the most recently discovered member of the relaxin family of peptide hormones. In contrast to relaxin-1 and -2, whose main functions are associated with pregnancy, relaxin-3 is involved in neuropeptide signaling in the brain. Here, we report the solution structure of human relaxin-3, the first structure of a relaxin family member to be solved by NMR methods. Overall, relaxin-3 adopts an insulin-like fold, but the structure differs crucially from the crystal structure of human relaxin-2 near the B-chain terminus. In particular, the B-chain C terminus folds back, allowing TrpB27 to interact with the hydrophobic core. This interaction partly blocks the conserved RXXXRXXI motif identified as a determinant for the interaction with the relaxin receptor LGR7 and may account for the lower affinity of relaxin-3 relative to relaxin for this receptor. This structural feature is likely important for the activation of its endogenous receptor, GPCR135.
Speech Recognition and Temporal Amplitude Modulation Processing by Mandarin-Speaking Cochlear Implant Users

Objectives: Fundamental frequency (F0) information is important to Chinese tone and speech recognition. Cochlear implant (CI) speech processors typically provide limited F0 information via temporal envelopes delivered to stimulating electrodes. Previous studies have shown that English-speaking CI users’ speech performance is correlated with amplitude modulation detection thresholds (AMDTs). The present study investigated whether Chinese-speaking CI users’ speech performance (especially tone recognition) is correlated with temporal processing capabilities. Design: Chinese tone, vowel, consonant, and sentence recognition were measured in 10 native Mandarin-speaking CI users via clinically assigned speech processors. AMDTs were measured in the same subjects for 20- and 100-Hz amplitude modulated (AM) stimuli presented to a middle electrode at five stimulation levels that spanned the dynamic range. To further investigate the CI users’ sensitivity to temporal envelope cues, AM frequency discrimination thresholds (AMFDTs) were measured for two standard AM frequencies (50 and 100 Hz), presented to the same middle electrode at 30% and 70% dynamic range with a fixed modulation depth (50%). Results: Results showed that AMDTs significantly improved with increasing stimulation level and that individual subjects exhibited markedly different AMDT functions. AMFDTs also improved with increasing stimulation level and were better with the 100-Hz standard AM frequency than with the 50-Hz standard AM frequency. Statistical analyses revealed that both mean AMDTs (averaged for 20- or 100-Hz AM across all stimulation levels) and mean AMFDTs (averaged for the 50-Hz standard AM frequency across both stimulation levels) were significantly correlated with tone, consonant, and sentence recognition scores, but not with vowel recognition scores. Mean AMDTs were also significantly correlated with mean AMFDTs. Conclusions: These preliminary results, obtained from a limited number of subjects, demonstrate the importance of temporal processing to CI speech recognition. The results further suggest that CI users’ Chinese tone and speech recognition may be improved by enhancing temporal envelope cues delivered by speech processing algorithms.
La explotación intensa de los acuíferos en la cuenca baja del Segura y en la cuenca del Vinalopó

Los acuiferos carbonatados de la cuenca del Altiplano de Murcia y Vinalopo, junto con algunos otros acuiferos detriticos estan siendo explotados muy por encima de su recarga media desde hace casi medio siglo lo que produjo una reduccion continua de los niveles de agua subterranea en la mayoria de la region. Hasta casi 5 m/ano en algunos casos y mas de 300 metros de su situacion inicial en alguna zona, con el consiguiente encarecimiento de su explotacion. La caida en los niveles produjo el secado de manantiales y humedales y el aumento de la salinidad en algunas zonas causadas por la presencia de formaciones salinas. En contra de estos problemas esta el aumento de la riqueza creada por la disponibilidad de agua desde el comienzo de la explotacion intensa de los acuiferos. La Directiva Marco del Agua exigia que los acuiferos estuvieran antes de 2015 en buenas condiciones cuantitativas y cualitativas, cosa que no es posible, y tampoco lo seria retrasando esta fecha varias decadas. Analisis sencillos indican que aun eliminando los bombeos, los acuiferos tardarian entre 100 y 1000 anos en recuperarse. Se analizan distintos metodos para determinar la recarga y los modelos matematicos del comportamiento de los acuiferos que podrian utilizarse como herramientas validas para su gestion. Se discute el papel que en lo sucesivo pueden jugar en la gestion de los recursos de agua.
Knowledge extracted from recurrent deep belief network for real time deterministic control

Recently, the market on deep learning including not only software but also hardware is developing rapidly. Big data is collected through IoT devices and the industry world will analyze them to improve their manufacturing process. Deep Learning has the hierarchical network architecture to represent the complicated features of input patterns. Although deep learning can show the high capability of classification, prediction, and so on, the implementation on GPU devices are required. We may meet the trade-off between the higher precision by deep learning and the higher cost with GPU devices. We can success the knowledge extraction from the trained deep learning with high classification capability. The knowledge that can realize faster inference of pre-trained deep network is extracted as IF-THEN rules from the network signal flow given input data. Some experiment results with benchmark tests for time series data sets showed the effectiveness of our proposed method related to the computational speed.
Oncologic Results of Laparoscopic Versus Open Hepatectomy for Colorectal Liver Metastases in Two Specialized Centers

Objective:Compare oncologic results of laparoscopic versus open hepatectomy for resection of colorectal metastases to the liver. Summary and Background Data:Open hepatectomy (OH) is the current standard of care for the management of colorectal liver metastases. Although the feasibility of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) has been established, only select centers have used this technique as their primary modality. At present there is no study comparing the oncologic outcomes for colorectal liver metastases patients undergoing LH versus OH. Methods:Two groups composed of 60 patients each were obtained from 2 specialized liver units performing either OH or LH as their primary modality. Cohorts of 215 LH cases and 1783 OH were used to establish the study population. Patients were compared on an intention to treat basis using 9 preoperative prognostic criteria obtained from LiverMetSurvey. These included sex, age, primary tumor localization, number of tumors, diameter of tumor, distribution of metastases, presence of extrahepatic disease, initial respectability, and the use of prehepatectomy chemotherapy. Overall survival and disease-free survival were compared between OH and LH for a follow-up of 36 months. Results:The median follow-up for the LH group is 30 months and 33 months for the OH group (P = 0.75). One-, 3-, and 5-year patient survival for LH was 97%, 82%, and 64% and 97%, 70%, and 56% in the OH group, respectively (P = 0.32). One-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival was 70%, 47%, and 35% and 70%, 40%, and 27% (P = 0.32), respectively for the 2 groups. Conclusion:In a highly specialized center, first line application of laparoscopic liver resection in selected patients can provide comparable oncologic results to treatment with open liver resection for patients with colorectal liver metastases.
A Novel Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Treatment for Recovery of Ankle Dorsiflexion in Chronic Hemiplegia: A Case Series Pilot Study

Knutson JS, Chae J: A novel neuromuscular electrical stimulation treatment for recovery of ankle dorsiflexion in chronic hemiplegia: A case series pilot study. Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of improving active ankle dorsiflexion with contralaterally controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation (CCNMES). Design:CCNMES dorsiflexes the paretic ankle with a stimulation intensity that is directly proportional to the degree of voluntary dorsiflexion of the unimpaired contralateral ankle, which is detected by an instrumented sock. Three subjects with chronic (>6-mo poststroke) dorsiflexor paresis participated in a 6-wk CCNMES treatment, which consisted of self-administering CCNMES-assisted ankle dorsiflexion exercises at home daily and practicing an ankle motor control task in the research laboratory twice a week. Results:For subjects 1 and 2, respectively, maximum voluntary ankle dorsiflexion increased by 13 and 17 degrees, ankle movement tracking error decreased by ∼57% and 57%, and lower limb Fugl-Meyer score (maximum score is 34) increased by 4 and 5 points. Subject 3 had no appreciable improvement in these measures. Both subjects 1 and 2 maintained their performance in ankle movement tracking through the 3-mo follow-up; subject 2 also maintained the gains in maximum ankle dorsiflexion and Fugl-Meyer score. Conclusions:These results suggest that CCNMES may have a positive effect on ankle motor impairment in some stroke survivors. Further investigation of the effect of CCNMES on gait is warranted.
Stimulated Raman Scattering in Hydrogen-Filled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

We report on stimulated Raman scattering in an approximately 1-meter-long hollow-core photonic crystal fiber filled with hydrogen gas under pressure. Light was guided and confined in the 15-micrometer-diameter hollow core by a two-dimensional photonic bandgap. Using a pulsed laser source (pulse duration, 6 nanoseconds; wavelength, 532 nanometers), the threshold for Stokes (longer wavelength) generation was observed at pulse energies as low as 800 ± 200 nanojoules, followed by a coherent anti-Stokes (shorter wavelength) generation threshold at 3.4 ± 0.7 microjoules. The pump-to-Stokes conversion efficiency was 30 ± 3% at a pulse energy of only 4.5 microjoules. These energies are almost two orders of magnitude lower than any other reported energy, moving gas-based nonlinear optics to previously inaccessible parameter regimes of high intensity and long interaction length.
Neurodegeneration Induces Upregulation of Beclin 1

Autophagy, a bulk degradation of subcellular constituents, is activated in normal cell growth and development, and represents the major pathway by which the cell maintains a balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. Autophagy was documented in several neurodegenerative diseases, and under stress conditions the autophagic process can lead to cell death (type II programmed cell death). Beclin 1 is a Bcl-2 interacting protein that was previously found to promote autophagy. We have used Beclin 1 protein as a marker for autophagy following traumatic brain injury in mice. We demonstrated a dramatic elevation in Beclin 1 levels near the injury site. Interestingly Beclin 1 elevation starts at early stages post injury (4 h) in neurons and 3 days later in astrocytes. In both cell types it lasts for at least three weeks. Neuronal cells, but not astrocytes, that overexpress Beclin 1 may exhibit damaged DNA but without changes in nuclear morphology. These observations may indicate that not all the Beclin 1 overexpressing cells will die. The elevation of Beclin 1 at the site of injury may represent enhanced autophagy as a mechanism to discard injured cells and reduce damage to cells by disposing of injured components. Addenda to: Closed Head Injury Induces Upregulation of Beclin 1 at the Cortical Site of Injury T. Diskin, P. Tal-Or, S. Erlich, L. Mizrachy, A. Alexandrovich, E. Shohami and R. Pinkas-Kramarski J Neurotrauma 2005; 22:750-62
The (Non) Effect of Natural Resource Dependence on Capital Accumulation in Latin America

In a simultaneous model of human and physical capital accumulation for 18 Latin American countries from 1975 to 2004, we show that overall resource dependence is not significantly related to physical and human capital. Disaggregating the natural resource variable into subcategories, we find that petroleum export dependence is associated with higher physical capital and lower human capital, while agricultural export dependence is associated with lower levels of physical capital. All of these effects are quantitatively small, however, casting doubt on the idea that the region suffers from a resource curse in terms of capital accumulation.
Social Media for Earthquake Response

When a 7.8 intensity earthquake caused widespread disaster in Ecuador on April 16, 2016, citizens across the country self-organized to gather, mobilize, and distribute supplies to affected populations, assuming the role of ad hoc humanitarian logisticians. Drawing on ethnographic findings, we present a situated perspective of how these citizens straddled the boundaries of online and offline activity for earthquake relief. In doing so, we offer an enriched understanding of how various social media channels might support informal, on-the-ground, crisis response, but also where they fall short in the process. Studying the emergence of care where social media fell short allows us to make recommendations for technology design to improve the effectiveness of logisticians in crisis response. By examining the bodily engagement of our participants at crisis sites, their efforts to deal with material convergence, and how they interacted with social media for technology-mediated care, we also contribute an understanding of the sociomateriality of care that emerges amidst efforts towards crisis relief.