Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Translational Model to Assess Sign-Tracking and Goal-Tracking Behavior in Children

AC and CMP are supported by the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London; and by the UK Medical Research Council, Grants MR/ L014815/1 and MR/J002739/1. CMP has received research funding from pharmaceutical companies interested in the development of new antidepressants, such as Johnson & Johnson and Eleusis, but the work described in this paper is not related to this funding. AC does not have any conflict of interest.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Insomnia Among a Representative Sample of the Lebanese Population: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

The objectives of the study were to identify the prevalence of insomnia among a representative sample of the Lebanese population and to assess potential factors associated with insomnia among this group. A cross-sectional study was done in the Lebanese population from August 2017 to April 2018 enrolling 789 participants using a proportionate random sample from all five Lebanese governorates. Participants filled a self-administered Arabic questionnaire. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used to diagnose insomnia. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used to measure depression and anxiety, respectively. The prevalence of insomnia was 47.1% in the population sampled. The mean age of the participants was 37 years (64% females). Death in the family [adjusted odds ratio (aORa) = 1.59], drinking caffeine before sleep more than 2 days per week compared to none (aORa = 1.57), increased stress (aORa = 1.03), increased depression (aORa = 1.14), and anxiety scores (aORa = 1.07) were associated with higher odds of insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia was very high in the Lebanese population, and it was mainly associated with modifiable, treatable risk factors. Improved knowledge and adequate screening for insomnia are needed to promote better sleep quality.
The Impact of Education on Social Stratification and Social Mobility in Communities in Indonesia

This research is a literature study on education on social stratification and social mobility in Indonesian society. This research was conducted to find out how the implications of education in changing and changing social stratification and social mobility in Indonesian society. It is important to know how important education is in enhancing social strata or levels in society, especially in Indonesia for now. This study uses a literature summary reading technique sourced from the study of books, literature, and relevant reading material. This research is a qualitative descriptive study by analyzing data collected, processed, discussed, and explained with descriptive analysis methods. Education is an activity that has existed since the beginning of human life. At present education in Indonesia greatly influences one's social stratification in the lives of community groups. Education is now one of the greatest facilities for determining one's social environment. Education can determine or classify social class or social class in society. Related, education can lift a person's social status to be higher. The higher a person's education, the more it will benefit the community. This phenomenon will lead to the layering of society which will be a differentiator of one's position in a vertically different position. Differentiating one's position in the society is called social stratification. Then education becomes one of the factors that cause social start in the community. At present in Indonesia, social stratification is a differentiator of individuals into classes hierarchically. In a society with an open system, education becomes very important to advance in social class. The higher the level of education, the higher the expectation for social status. Thus, education in Indonesia is increasingly considered important. All people who are aware of education, will compete in the highest education possible.
Clinical Study of Obestatin Hormone and its Relation to Diabetes Mellitus

The research included an estimation of the concentration of obestatin hormone level in diabetic patients (Type I and Type II) and control. The results demonstrated that the normal mean of obestatin hormone in serum was (306.54 ± 3.0pg/ml) in control for both sexes, with the ages range between (less or equal to 15 more or equal to 55) year. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in the level of obestatin hormone in serum of type I and type II diabetic patients compared to control, and between types I & II diabetic patients. The data showed that the level of obestatin hormone was not affected by age and sex, in control and diabetic patients, while showed a significant decrease according to body mass index (BMI) in control and diabetic patients (Type I and II). A significant gradual decrease in the concentration of obestatin as glucose concentration increases in diabetic patients was also observed. The results showed a significant increase of adiponectin concentration between type I diabetic patient compared to type II, control, and a significant decrease in the concentration of adiponectin in diabetic patients (type II) compared with control. Correlation coefficients of obestatin hormone with some biochemical parameters of control and diabetic patients showed that obestatin hormone has a significant negative correlation with glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol and LDL-C. Also, there was a significant positive correlation with HDL-C and adiponectin in control and diabetic patients (type I and II). The result showed that obestatin hormone has a significant negative correlation with insulin, VLDL-C, total lipids in type II diabetic patients. Also, with triglyceride in control and type II diabetic patient. It was concluded that low level of obestatin hormone index is a serious risk of diabetes mellitus and a major role for obestatin in diabetes mellitus type II. Moreover, the level could be used as a marker for diabetes mellitus and its role in obesity.
Pension Privatization in Britain : A Boon to the Finance Industry , a Boondoggle to Workers

Proponents of Social Security privatization often claim that their motive is to help workers. Armed with sunny sales pitches and multi-million dollar marketing budgets, privatizers claim that individual accounts would give workers “better returns,” “freedom of choice,” and “improved efficiency. ” Interestingly, though, these groups that are purportedly fighting for workers are not funded by workers, but by the finance industry. Given this potential conflict of interest, one might reasonably question whether privatization would really help working people or whether such reform would simply benefit Wall Street. Evidence from Britain, where the social security system was partially privatized more than a decade ago, suggests that the finance industry is the main beneficiary.
The role of national settings in the economic resilience of regions—Evidence from recessionary shocks in Europe from 1990 to 2014

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2019 The Authors. Growth and Change published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Christian Hundt and Linus Holtermann are contributed equally to this work. 1Thünen Institute of Rural Studies, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Braunschweig, Germany 2Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Economics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany 3Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI), Hamburg, Germany
Reconstruction of instantaneous 3D flow density fields by a new direct regularized 3DBOS method

We present a new numerical method for 3D reconstruction of instantaneous density volume from Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements, with a validation on a dedicated flexible experimental 3DBOS bench. In contrast with previous works, we use a one-step formulation where density is directly estimated from measured deviation fields without the intermediate step of density gradient reconstruction. Regularization techniques are implemented to deal with the ill-posed problem encountered. The resulting high dimensional optimization is conducted by conjugate gradients (CG) techniques with an explicit step computation. A parallel algorithm, implemented on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), helps to speed up the calculation. The resulting software is validated on a dedicated BOS3D experimental facility which has been built to study various BOS settings. Results illustrate the potential of the method for flow characterization and measurement in real-world conditions.
Measurement of the KL Charge Asymmetry

A. Alavi-Harati,12 T. Alexopoulos,12 M. Arenton,11 K. Arisaka,2 S. Averitte,10 R. F. Barbosa,7,* A. R. Barker,5 M. Barrio,4 L. Bellantoni,7 A. Bellavance,9 J. Belz,10 R. Ben-David,7 D. R. Bergman,10 E. Blucher,4 G. J. Bock,7 C. Bown,4 S. Bright,4 E. Cheu,1 S. Childress,7 R. Coleman,7 M. D. Corcoran,9 G. Corti,11 B. Cox,11 M. B. Crisler,7 A. R. Erwin,12 R. Ford,7 A. Glazov,4 A. Golossanov,11 G. Graham,4 J. Graham,4 K. Hagan,11 E. Halkiadakis,10 J. Hamm,1 K. Hanagaki,8 S. Hidaka,8 Y. B. Hsiung,7 V. Jejer,11 D. A. Jensen,7 R. Kessler,4 H. G. E. Kobrak,3 J. LaDue,5 A. Lath,10 A. Ledovskoy,11 P. L. McBride,7 P. Mikelsons,5 E. Monnier,4,† T. Nakaya,7 K. S. Nelson,11 H. Nguyen,7,‡ V. O’Dell,7 M. Pang,7 R. Pordes,7 V. Prasad,4 X. R. Qi,7 B. Quinn,4 E. J. Ramberg,7 R. E. Ray,7 A. Roodman,4 M. Sadamoto,8 S. Schnetzer,10 K. Senyo,8 P. Shanahan,7 P. S. Shawhan,4 J. Shields,11 W. Slater,2 N. Solomey,4 S. V. Somalwar,10 R. L. Stone,10 E. C. Swallow,4,6 S. A. Taegar,1 R. J. Tesarek,10 G. B. Thomson,10 P. A. Toale,5 A. Tripathi,2 R. Tschirhart,7 S. E. Turner,2 Y. W. Wah,4 J. Wang,1 H. B. White,7 J. Whitmore,7 B. Winstein,4 R. Winston,4 T. Yamanaka,8 and E. D. Zimmerman4 (KTeV Collaboration) 1University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 2University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 3University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 4The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 5University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 6Elmhurst College, Elmhurst, Illinois 60126 7Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510 8Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan 9Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005 10Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 11The Department of Physics and Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 12University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (Received 31 December 2001; published 22 April 2002)
LONG-TERM ELDERLY CARE

We investigate the impact of a policy reform, which introduced free formal personal care for all those aged 65 and above, on caregiving behaviour. Using a difference-indifferences estimator, we estimate that the free formal care reduced the probability of co-residential informal caregiving by 12.9%. Conditional on giving co-residential care, the mean reduction in the number of informal care hours is estimated to be 1.2 hours per week. The effect is particularly strong among older and less educated caregivers. In contrast to co-residential informal care, we find no change in extra-residential caregiving behaviour. We also observe that the average labour market participation and the number of hours worked increased in response to the policy introduction. JEL Class. : C21, D14, I18, J14
The Influence Of Job Stress , Organizational Commitment And Compensation Of Employee Turnover Intention

International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 60 Abstract: The aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive model by measuring the influences of work stress, organizational commitment and compensation on employee turnover intentions. This research applies a descriptive research design using survey methods. To determine the sample size the Slovin formula is used. Sampling uses a disproportionate randomized model as a sampling technique. This study uses the SPSS version 18.00 application to examine the significance of the significance of the overall predetermined model and framework. The findings show that work stress partially has a positive effect on turnover intentions, organizational commitment has a negative effect on turnover intentions and compensation has a negative effect on turnover intentions. Further findings together work stress, organizational commitment and compensation affect turnover intentions.
Designing the Physical Activity Program for Children with Disabilities

The level of the physical activity (PA) of children with disabilities are lower than children without disabilities (Frey, Stanish, & Temple, 2008). Based on the studies, there are several barriers to participate in the physical activity for people with disabilities in the aspects of personal, social, environmental, and program (Frey, Stanish, & Temple, 2008; Sheilds, Synnot, & Barr, 2012). To promote the PA level for people with disabilities, the holistic approach needs to be implemented to design PA program for children with disabilities. The purpose of this article is providing an example of a theory-driven PA program for the successful participation of children with disabilities into the PA program.
Debugging Database Queries: A Survey of Tools, Techniques, and Users

Database management systems (or DBMSs) have been around for decades, and yet are still difficult to use, particularly when trying to identify and fix errors in user programs (or queries). We seek to understand what methods have been proposed to help people debug database queries, and whether these techniques have ultimately been adopted by DBMSs (and users). We conducted an interdisciplinary review of 112 papers and tools from the database, visualisation and HCI communities. To better understand whether academic and industry approaches are meeting the needs of users, we interviewed 20 database users (and some designers), and found surprising results. In particular, there seems to be a wide gulf between users' debugging strategies and the functionality implemented in existing DBMSs, as well as proposed in the literature. In response, we propose new design guidelines to help system designers to build features that more closely match users debugging strategies.
Softness Estimation Based on Images of Pushing Action Using Deep Learning

In this research, we propose a method that estimates the softness of an object based on the motion images of a hand and a forearm when a target object is pushed with a stick. The softness of the object is estimated from those images by using deep learning. For the motion recognition, we capture a series of RGB-D images with a depth camera. A subject pushes objects of different softness with a stick for collecting motion images for learning. Then the captured images are learned through Convolutional Neural Network and their characteristics are parameterized appropriately to achieve the softness estimation system. The results of softness estimation show that root mean square error of the estimated value of non-learned softness scores within 5 points in durometer hardness. It means that pushing motions of human beings include tactile information that leads to estimate the target object softness and our system can recognize it accurately. We also confirmed that using all the 3 types of images (RGB-image, depth image and Canny edge image) as the input results in the highest accuracy for both personalized and generalized networks.
Realtime Applications with RTMaps and Bluebox 2.0

This paper aims to build applications for improving road transport safety using Intempora RTMaps Embedded and NXP Bluebox. Data logging, timestamp synchronization and processing are done in real time using RTMaps multi sensor application and Bluebox development platform. RTMaps runtime engine is the core of any RTMaps based application. It is light weight, multithreaded and easily embeddable in third party applications. Using four simple examples, we extend the RTMaps to accommodate embedded computing capabilities of Bluebox and show that the RTMaps embedded is a good framework for prototyping the multi sensor application of automotive field.
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Faujasiopsis flexuosa (Lam.) C. Jeffrey subsp. bourbonensis C. Jeffrey (syn. Faujasia flexuosa (Lam) Baker var. subcordata Cordem)

A total of 136 mg of alkaloidal extract from leaves and 70 mg from stems of the endemic plant Faujasiopsis flexuosa (Lam) C. Jefrey subsps. bourbonensis C. Jefrey (syn. Faujasia flexuosa (Lam) Baker var. subcordata Cordem) growing on Réunion island was investigated for their content of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The plant is used traditionaly against dysentery, diabetes and asthma. Our investigation showed that fourteen pyrrolizidine alkaloids are contained in F. flexuosa. Two of them (senecionine and seneciphyline) show toxic side-efects. Therefore, medical preparations from this plant should only be used under strong restrictions. Abbreviations: PAs: Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; ASE: Accelerated Solvent Extraction
MMS: Minimum Maximum Strategy for Classification and Testing

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and the art-of-the-practice of the classification machine learning algorithms. In addition, this paper proposes a novel input-output relation classification and testing strategy called Minimum Maximum Strategy (MMS). Internally, MMS derives the classification rules based on minimum-maximum values of attributes for each class till all entries in a data set are covered at least one. In doing so, MMS achieves 100% classification accuracy as well as mining the data set which facilitate building the classification model. Moreover, unlike other existing algorithm MMS generates instances for testing based on the boundary value analysis. As a proof of concept, MMS is used to build a classifier and test instances for the famous IRIS data set. Encouraging results are obtained from experimentations on the accuracy against well-known classification algorithms as well as the effectiveness of the test data generated by the MMS. Finally, it should be mentioned that all experiments are done using the WEKA machine learning tool.
The Role of Insects and Microorganisms in Plastic Biodegradation A Comprehensive Review

Plastic has been considered as a major environment polluting material for decades. Its physical, chemical and mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, elongation properties, high molecular weight, inertness and hydrophobic nature make it non-biodegradable. In spite of the fact that both environmental and microbial degradation of plastic have been studied in detail, most of the microorganisms reported so far are limited in their functions. However, the recent approaches in plastic degradation by use of insect caterpillars and their gut microbiota have shown interesting results. Plodia interpunctella (Indian meal worms), Tenebrio molitor (Yellow meal worms) and Galleria mellonella (Greater wax worms) are the insects reported till now in plastic degradation. In this comprehensive review, we have briefly focused on the general introduction and classification of plastics and properties which make plastic persistent in the nature. We also have glanced over certain Plastic biodegradation methods reported till today. Keywords— Plastic, Biodegradation, Insects, Persistent, Microbiota.
Evoked Methane Photocatalytic Conversion to C2 Oxygenates over Ceria with Oxygen Vacancy

Direct conversion of methane to its oxygenate derivatives remains highly attractive while challenging owing to the intrinsic chemical inertness of CH4. Photocatalysis arises as a promising green strategy which could stimulate water splitting to produce oxidative radicals for methane C-H activation and subsequent C-C coupling. However, synthesis of a photocatalyst with an appropriate capability of methane oxidation by water remains a challenge using an effective and viable approach. Herein, ceria nanoparticles with abundant oxygen vacancies prepared by calcinating commercial CeO2 powder at high temperatures in argon are reported to capably produce ethanol and aldehyde from CH4 photocatalytic oxidation under ambient conditions. Although high-temperature calcinations lead to lower light adsorptions and increased band gaps to some extent, deficient CeO2 nanoparticles with oxygen vacancies and surface Ce-III species are formed, which are crucial for methane photocatalytic conversion. The ceria catalyst as-calcinated at 1100 degrees C had the highest oxygen vacancy concentration and Ce-III content, achieving an ethanol production rate of 11.4 mu mol.g(cat)(-1). h(-1) with a selectivity of 91.5%. Additional experimental results suggested that the product aldehyde was from the oxidation of ethanol during the photocatalytic conversion of CH4.
Investigating Linear Codes Via Commutative Algebra

The importance of coding theory to the digital era that we live in cannot be overstated. Our research meeting aimed to explore the relationship between the theory of error-correcting codes and the more classically studied fields commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, with the goal of establishing a toolset of joint relevance. A linear code of length s is a linear subspace C of a finite dimensional vector space K over a finite or infinite field K. A linear code of length s and dimension dimK(C) = n is often viewed as the row space of a n × s matrix G. The Hamming distance d of C is the minimum number of nonzero entries in a nonzero element (codeword) in C. The numbers s, n and d are called the parameters of C, and the code with these parameters is termed an [s, n, d]-code. A central theme to the study of codes is the determination of their minimum Hamming distance, which is a measure of the code’s error correction capability. Hamming distance has a nice geometric interpretation: if the columns of the generating matrix G are viewed as coordinates for a set of points X = {P1, . , Ps} in projective space Pn−1 and if these points are distinct, then, setting hyp(X) = the maximum number of points among P1, . , Ps that are contained in a hyperplane, gives d = n− hyp(X). This description of Hamming distance gives a first glimpse at the crucial role that the geometry of zero-dimensional projective schemes plays in coding theory. It may be the case, however, that some of the columns of the generating matrixG are proportional vectors. Note that adding proportional columns does not change the set of points X , however it does change the row space of G and hence the code C. In this situation, one must keep track both of the set of distinct points arising from the columns of the generating matrix and their respective multiplicities. This data is represented algebraically by means of a fat (non-reduced) point scheme Y = m1P1 + · · · + msPs, where mi is the multiplicity of the point Pi, i.e., the number of columns of G proportional to the coordinate vector of Pi. Evaluation codes are a class of codes of great practical importance which can be defined in the language of polynomials. Let S = K[t1, . , tn] = ⊕d=0Sd be a polynomial ring over K with the standard grading and let X be a finite subset of Pn−1 as above. The vanishing ideal of X is the ideal generated by the homogeneous polynomials vanishing on X . For each d ≥ 0 there is a linear map of K vector spaces