Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic differences in cytogenetically normal versus abnormal acute myeloid leukemia

Background: Methylation of tumor suppression genes (TSGs) is common in myeloid malignancies. However, application of this as a molecular marker for risk stratification in patients with AML is limited. Design and Methods: To elucidate the impact of patterns of TSG methylation on outcome in cytogenetically normal patients, 106 samples from patients with having normal cytogenetic AML were evaluated for methylation of 12 genes by MSP. For sake of comparison, samples from patients with AML and abnormal cytogenetics (n=63) were also evaluated. Results: Methylation frequencies in the whole group (n=169) were similar to previous reports for CDH1 (31%), ER (31%), FHIT (9%), p15INK4b (44%), p73 (25%), and SOCS1 (75%). Methylation of CTNNA1 was observed in 10%, CEBP-α in16%, CEBP-δ in 2%, MLH1 in 24%, MGMT in 11% and DAPK in 2% of AML samples. We find that DNA methylation was more prevalent in patients with normal compared to karyotypically abnormal AML for most genes; CEBPα (20% vs 9%), CTNNA1 (14% vs 4%), and ER (41% vs 19%) (p<0.05 for all comparisons). In contrast, p73 was more frequently methylated in patients with karyotypic abnormalities (17% vs 38%; p<0.05), perhaps due to specific silencing of the pro-apoptotic promoter shifting p73 gene expression to the anti-apoptotic transcript. In AML patients with normal cytogenetics, TSG methylation was not associated with event free or overall survival in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In patients with AML, TSG methylation is more frequent in patients with normal karyotype than those with karyotypic abnormalities but does not confer independent prognostic information for patients with normal cytogenetics.
A pathophysiologic study of tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

UNLABELLED AIMS; Our study aims to investigate the pathophysiologic mechanism underlying tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen patients with tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy were enrolled in this study. Plasma catecholamines, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and D-dimer were serially evaluated in all patients. Thallium-201 ((201)Tl) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and F-18 FDG PET were performed in 10 and eight patients, respectively. Emotional or physical stress occurred in 12 (80.0%) patients. ST-T segment abnormalities existed in all patients. Thirteen patients exhibited mildly elevated cTnT, although coronary angiography did not reveal significant stenosis in any patient. Endomyocardial biopsy specimens (n = 9) demonstrated contraction-band necrosis (n = 4) and mononuclear cell infiltration (n = 3). The levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine peaked on admission (744 +/- 452 and 140 +/- 166 pg/mL, respectively). There was severely reduced uptake at the apex on F-18 FDG PET image, despite slightly reduced uptake of (201)Tl. Elevation of D-dimer was observed in nine patients. CONCLUSION The extent of metabolic defect involving apical akinetic area was more severe than perfusion abnormality. Our data suggest that sudden emotional or physical stress may cause a catecholamine-induced metabolic disorder in the myocardium, which is probably central to this syndrome.
Too Big to Be Audited? The New World of Auditing in International Organizations

Within the NPM debate, audit reforms have been largely investigated at the national level. The best‐known theoretical approach to approach audit reforms is provided by Michael Power, who suggested the idea of an "audit explosion" and then of an "audit society. " Power draws his insights from cases situated at the national level without explicitly considering international organizations (IOs) as both subject and object of audit reforms, despite their increasing relevance in economy and society. It, therefore, makes sense to consider Power's hypotheses as a starting point for the analysis of audit reforms in IOs to investigate whether the framework has value in studying audit reforms in such organizations. This research adds to the existing body of literature by providing a comparative analysis of audit reforms in six IOs over the course of the past 20 years to shed light on a fundamentally changing method of auditing them.
Nutritional supplementation in HIV-infected individuals in South India: a prospective interventional study.

BACKGROUND Malnutrition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals is associated with faster disease progression, higher mortality rates, and suboptimal response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS We conducted a prospective interventional study to evaluate the effects of an oral macronutrient supplement among HIV-infected adults in South India. Patients attending Tuberculosis Research Centre clinics from June 2005 through December 2007 had baseline nutritional assessment and laboratory investigations performed. Patients at 1 center received nutritional counseling and standard care, whereas patients at 2 centers additionally received a macronutrient providing 400 cal and 15 g of protein daily. Study outcomes were changes in anthropometry, body composition, blood chemistry, and immune status at 6 months. RESULTS In total, 636 ART-naive patients were enrolled in the study; 361 completed 6 months of follow-up (282 received supplements and 79 received standard care). Mean age +/- standard deviation (SD) was 31 +/- 7 years, mean weight +/- SD was 50 +/- 10 kg, and 42% were male. Significant increases in body weight, body mass index, midarm circumference, fat-free mass, and body cell mass were observed in the supplement group but not in the control group at 6 months; gains were greater in patients with CD4 cell counts <200 cells/microL. No changes were observed in lipid levels, whereas the CD4 cell count decreased in the control group. However, after adjusting for baseline differences, these changes were not statistically significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Macronutrient supplementation did not result in significantly increased weight gain compared with standard care (including nutritional counseling) among patients with moderately advanced HIV disease. The effect of supplementation on specific subsets of patients and on preserving immune function needs further research.
Tax Avoidance: Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015)

Tax avoidance is a strategy and technique to avoid paying tax in the realm of tax law. This study aims to examine the the effect of audit committee, leverage, return on asset, and company size to tax avoidance. Population from this study is manufacture companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2015. The sample was determined by purposive sampling method in order to get a sample size of 103 datas. Data were analized by multiple linear regression. The result of this study indicate that (1) audit committee has a significant effect on tax avoidance; (2) leverage hasn’t significant effect to tax avoidance; (3) return on asset has a significant effect to tax avoidance; and (4) company size hasn’t significant effect to tax avoidance.This result were consisten to previous studies of Dewi dan Jati (2014); dan Maharani dan Suardana (2014); Cahyono dkk (2015); Swingly dan Sukartha (2015); Kurniasih dan Sari (2013); prakosa (2014)
Performance of Dyslexic Children on Cerebellar and Cognitive Tests.

In a previous study (A. J. Fawcett, R. I. Nicolson, & P. Dean, 1996), the authors had found strong behavioral evidence for cerebellar deficit in a panel of children with dyslexia. In the present study, the generality of those results was assessed. A battery of clinical tests for cerebellar dysfunction was administered, together with selected cognitive tests, to a further 59 dyslexic and 67 control children. The dyslexic children showed highly significant impairments on the cerebellar tests, with deficits on postural stability and muscle tone comparable in magnitude with their reading and spelling deficits. Furthermore, over 95&percent; of the dyslexic children showed clear evidence of deficit on muscle tone or stability. The findings provide further evidence of the generality of cerebellar impairment in dyslexia. The implications of the cerebellar tests for screening in dyslexia are discussed.
NBTI-Generated Defects in Nanoscaled Devices: Fast Characterization Methodology and Modeling

Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI)-generated defects (GDs) have been widely observed and known to play an important role in device’s lifetime. However, its characterization and modeling in nanoscaled devices is a challenge due to their stochastic nature. The objective of this paper is to develop a fast and accurate technique for characterizing the statistical properties of NBTI aging, which can be completed in one day and thus reduce test time significantly. The fast speed comes from replacing the conventional constant voltage stress by the voltage step stress (VSS), while the accuracy comes from capturing the GDs without recovery. The key advances are twofold: first, we demonstrate that this VSS-GD technique is applicable for nanoscaled devices; second, we verify the accuracy of the statistical model based on the parameters extracted from this technique against independently measured data. The proposed method provides an effective solution for GD evaluation, as required when qualifying a CMOS process.
Teacher’s Perception Regarding Basic Education Addressing Reproductive Health: Curricula, Materials and Methods Used

Setting-based study was conducted to study teacher’s perceptions regarding the contents addressing the reproductive health needs of pupils in the basic education curricula and methods used. A questionnaire prepared, and tested, then directed to the teachers to obtain data regarding teachers ́ perceptions about contents, methods, tools and materials addressing health in the curriculum. According to findings about 72.9% of the teachers said that the contents are accurate, 82.9% mentioned that the Reproductive Health (RH) contents are updated, 71.2% perceived that the RH contents were collected from diverse sources, 77% said that the RH contents are organized logically, and approximately 62.9% of teachers mentioned that the presentation of RH topics in the text books suitable for the pupils’ age group. As regards to methods and materials used in RH education, 63.5% of teachers mentioned that the teaching methods and materials are efficient to the RH contents, 51.7% said that the teaching methods and materials are accurate, 66.5% perceived that the teaching methods and reproductive tools are up to date, and 75.9% of teachers said that the teaching methods and tools are free from undesirable propaganda. The study concluded that in order to sustain and promote the te acher’s perceptions, RH topics should be taught by qualified teachers, health education targeting reproductive health is essential component for pupils and teachers.
Painful and multiple anogenital lesions are common in men with Treponema pallidum PCR-positive primary syphilis without herpes simplex virus coinfection: a cross-sectional clinic-based study

Background Chancres, the hallmark of primary syphilis, are classically described as single, painless ulcers at the site of Treponema pallidum inoculation. We aimed to determine the frequency of painful or multiple anogenital lesions of primary syphilis among men, whether there was concurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and whether HIV status altered clinical presentations. Methods This study was conducted among men with T. pallidum PCR-positive lesions, attending a clinic in Melbourne, Australia, between 2009 and 2014. Lesions were also tested with HSV PCR, and syphilis serology undertaken. Results 183 men with T. pallidum PCR-positive primary anogenital lesions were included. 89% were men who have sex with men, and 10.9% were heterosexual. 38 men (20.8%) were HIV positive. Anal lesions were more common in HIV-positive men (34.2%) than in HIV-negative men (11.6%). Primary lesions were frequently painful (49.2%) or multiple (37.7%), and infrequently associated with HSV (2.7%). Of 37 men with both painful and multiple primary lesions, only 8% had concurrent HSV. Presentation was not significantly altered by HIV status. Conclusions Primary syphilis lesions are often painful and/or multiple in the absence of herpes coinfection, and may be clinically misdiagnosed.
A Survey on User Modeling in Multi-application Environments

Sharing heterogeneous data among distributed environments in a user-centric way represents today the main challenge for personalization. In recent years several techniques have been proposed to support user modeling for cross-system personalization, following two main approaches. A first group of researchers base their solutions on the use of a top-down approach, involving standard ontologies or unified user models (standardization-based user modeling); in a second research direction, a bottom-up approach based on mappings between different user model representations is the envisaged solution (mediation-based user modeling). The aim of this paper is to discuss general problems connected to user modeling in multiapplication environments and to provide a short survey on current research in this field. Based on this, we briefly draw out some further research.
Science and Intellectual Property at the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The economic development of countries today is mainly due to the production of high-tech products and the use of intellectual property (IP) in production. This article compares IP market development in China and Russia. Using the example of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, we examine the state of affairs with commercialization of intellectual property at Russian scientific research institutes.
Don’t be afraid to treat depression in patients with epilepsy!

Major depression and related depressive disorders are highly prevalent in the general population and even more so in patients with epilepsy. Yet depression in these patients remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. This is particularly worrisome as depression has greater negative impact on quality of life than seizure frequency. Additionally, depression is associated with poorer seizure control, and the risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy is greatly increased. Reluctance to treat depression results from the traditional belief that antidepressants should be restricted in epilepsy because of a supposed decrease in seizure threshold. However, there is growing evidence that many antidepressants rather have anticonvulsant effects. Experimental studies show that in critical brain regions such as the frontal lobes and the limbic system enforced serotonergic circuits increase seizure threshold. Clinical data suggest that modern antidepressants may reduce seizure frequency in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Here we review the concept that selective reuptake inhibitors of serotonin (SSRIs) have a positive effect on the mood disorder as well as on epilepsy. When adhering to the usual precautions, treatment with SSRIs in patients with epilepsy and depression is safe and should not be withheld.
Effects of low concentrations of bisulfite-sulfite and nitrite on microorganisms

A wide range of microorganisms was tested to determine their sensitivity to low concentrations of bisulfite-sulfite and nitrite, solubility products of SO2 and NO2, respectively. Photosynthesis by blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) was more strongly inhibited by 0.1 mM bisulfite-sulfite and 1 mM nitrite at pH 6.0 than photosynthesis by eucaryotic algae and respiration of bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. At pH 7.7, blue-green algae were still more sensitive to bisulfite-sulfite and nitrite than eucaryotic algae, but the toxicity of bisulfite-sulfite and nitrite decreased as the pH increased. Photosynthesis by Anabaena flos-aquae at pH 6.0 was inhibited 25% by a bisulfite-sulfite concentration of 10 micrometer and 15% by a nitrite concentration of 50 micrometer. Photosynthesis by the blue-green alga, Lyngbya sp. , was not exceptionally sensitive to chlorate and thiosulfate. Acetylene-reducing activity of Beijerinckia indica was completely inhibited by 0.1 mM bisulfite-sulfite at pH 4.0, the suppression being decreased with increasing pH.
Glial cell progenitors in the Drosophila embryo

Development and general organization of the nervous system is comparable between insects and vertebrates. Our current knowledge on the formation of neurogenic anlagen and the generation of neural stem cells is deeply influenced by work done in invertebrate model organisms such as Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans. It is the aim of this review to summarize the most important steps in neurogenesis in the Drosophila embryo with a special emphasis on glial cell progenitors and the specification of glial cells. Induction of neurogenic regions during early embryogenesis and determination of neural stem cells are briefly described. Special attention is given to the formation of neural precursors called neuroblasts (NB) and their lineages. NBs divide in a stem cell mode to generate a cell clone of either neurons and/or glial cells. The latter require the activation of the transcription factor glial cells missing (gcm), thus providing a binary switch between neuronal and glial cell fates. Further aspects of glial cell specification and the resulting heterogeneity of the glial population in Drosophila are discussed. GLIA 2015;63:1291–1302
Implementation of European Cohesion Policy at the sub‐national level: Evidence from beneficiary data in Eastern Germany

Regional governments’ discretion in allocating structural funds is limited by the competences of the European Commission to control fiscal activities of decentralized governments. Regional political behaviour and the complexity of the implementation process shape the policy outcome. Who benefits from structural funds? In this paper, we analyse implementation of ERDF funds in East Germany in the financial perspective 2007 to 2013. We find that less rural regions and some economic sectors benefit by more than others. A few beneficiaries control the highest share of the funds. The Gini coefficients vary by group of actor and show high inequality in the distribution of the funds. This indicates that a few actors have better access to the funds than others. La discrecionalidad de los gobiernos regionales en la asignacion de los fondos estructurales esta limitada por las competencias de la Comision Europea para controlar las actividades fiscales de los gobiernos descentralizados. El comportamiento politico regional y la complejidad del proceso de aplicacion determinan el resultado de la politica. Quienes se benefician de los fondos estructurales? En este articulo se analiza la ejecucion de los fondos FEDER en Alemania Oriental desde la perspectiva financiera de 2007‐2013. Se encontro que las regiones menos rurales y ciertos sectores economicos se benefician mas que otros. Unos pocos beneficiarios controlan la mayor parte de los fondos. Los coeficientes de Gini varian segun el grupo de actores y muestran una gran desigualdad en la distribucion de los fondos. Esto indica que unos pocos actores tienen mejor acceso a los fondos que otros. 欧州委員会に地方分散型の政府の財政活動を抑制する権限があるため、構造基金の分配における地方自治体の裁量は制限されている。 地域の政治的行動と運営プロセスが政策の結果を左右する。 誰が構造基金の恩恵を受けるのか? 本稿では、2007年~2013年の財政の見通しにおける東部ドイツのEuropean Regional Development Fund:ERDF)の運営を分析する。 都市からそれほど離れていない地域といくつかの経済セクターが利益を受けることがわかる。 利益を得る者のわずかな一部の者が最も多い基金の割合を制御している。 ジニ係数はアクターのグループにより変化し、基金の配分が非常に不平等であることを示す。 これは、一部のアクターが他のアクターよりも基金を利用しやすいということを指摘している。
Smile Reconstruction in Adults with Free Muscle Transfer Innervated by the Masseter Motor Nerve: Effectiveness and Cerebral Adaptation

Background: This study assesses the ability of the masseter motor nerve–innervated microneurovascular muscle transfer to produce an effective smile in adult patients with bilateral and unilateral facial paralysis. Methods: The operation consists of a one-stage microneurovascular transfer of a portion of the gracilis muscle that is innervated with the masseter motor nerve. The muscle is inserted into the cheek and attached to the mouth to produce a smile. The outcomes assessed were the amount of movement of the transferred muscle; the aesthetic quality of the smile; the control, use, and spontaneity of the smile; and the functional effects on eating, drinking, and speech. The study included 27 patients aged 16 to 61 years who received 45 muscle transfers. Results: All 45 muscle transfers developed movement. The commissure movement averaged 13.0 ± 4.7 mm at an angle of 47 ± 15 degrees above the horizontal, and the mid upper lip movement averaged 8.3 ± 3.0 mm at 42 ± 17 degrees. Age did not affect the amount of movement. Patients older than 50 years had the same amount of movement as patients younger than 26 years (p = 0.605). Ninety-six percent of patients were satisfied with their smile. Conclusions: A spontaneous smile, the ability to smile without thinking about it, occurred routinely in 59 percent and occasionally in 29 percent of patients. Eighty-five percent of patients learned to smile without biting. Age did not affect the degree of spontaneity of smiling or the patient's ability to smile without biting.
Object Tracking via Multi-task Gaussian-Laplacian Regression

In this paper, we propose a multi-task object tracking algorithm, which is based on an incremental subspace learning method and is denoted as the Multi-Task Gaussian-Laplacian Regression Tracker (MGLRT). Firstly, we model the candidate targets as a mutli-task linear regression by PCA basis vectors. Secondly, considering the complexity of the real noise in a tracking system, we model the noise as an addition of Gaussian and Laplacian noise. In the corresponding optimization problem, we denote by ||E||2,1 and ||S||1,1 the Multi-Task Gaussian and Laplacian noise term. In addition, since the candidate targets are densely sampled around the current target state, the representations will be linearly dependent. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of our tracker, the representations matrix is expected to be low-rank. Finally, we test our tracking algorithm on challenging videos that include partial occlusion, illumination variation, pose change, background clutter and motion blur. Experimental results show that our proposed approach performs favorably against several state-of-the-art trackers.
Failing to live up to the promise: the politics of equal pay in ‘new’ workplace and industrial relations institutions

ABSTRACT Workplace and industrial relations regulations are key sites for policy intervention to address Australia's gender pay gap, which, at 15.3 per cent, is almost as large as it was in 1997. In both the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) and the Workplace Gender Equality Act 2012 (Cth) the goal of equal pay has a more central place than it did in predecessor legislation. In particular, the Fair Work Act has the potential to deliver more gender-equitable wage structures through addressing systemic gender-based undervaluation at the industry level. Adopting a feminist institutional approach this article examines equal pay policy in the operations of workplace and industrial relations regulation to ask why, despite some recent successes, this potential appears unlikely to be realised.