Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 positively controls mitotic arrest deficient 2 in lung cancer cells

Results. Knockdown of Skp2 by siRNA decreased Mad2 mRNA and protein levels in A549 and NCI-H1299 cells, accompanied with upregulation of p27 but decrease of the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb). In contrast, ectopic overexpression of Skp2 increased Mad2 mRNA and protein levels and phosphorylation of Rb, while decreased p27. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK1/2 by flavopiridol or E2F1 with HLM006474 led to downregulation of Mad2 expression, and prevented the increase of Mad2 expression by Skp2. Accordingly, silencing of either Mad2 or Skp2 impaired the mitosis arrest in response to nocadazole.
Neoplasm of the spinal cord: Implications for clinical care to improve symptom management and functionality

Individuals suffering from spinal cord neoplasm have shown improved survival however long term plans of care designed to improve functionality, quality of life, and symptom control are not well defined. Many practitioners may not be aware of nursing and rehabilitation interventions that can improve quality of life (QOL) and functionality in this patient population. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the primary sources of spinal cord tumors, understand general medical interventions, define treatment options that may improve symptom management, and explain how treatment options and physical rehabilitation can improve functionality and quality of life. An extensive literature review was performed using multiple databases, including pubmed.gov and Ovid, as well as individual journal and textbook articles. Several studies were examined, and it was found that patients experienced improvement in functionality, mood, quality of life, and survival after participation in rehabilitation programs. However, plans of care must factor account for prognosis and medical co-morbidities for maximal improvement in outcomes.
Relationship analysis of keyword and chapter in Malay-translated tafseer of Al-Quran

A number of studies have gained popularity to study the unseen knowledge categories and relationship of subject matters discussed in the Al-Quran or the Tafseer. This research investigates the relationships between verses and chapters at the keyword level in a Malay translated Tafseer. A combination technique of text mining and network analysis is developed to discover non-trivial patterns and relationships of verses and chapters in the Tafseer. This is achieved through keyword extraction, keyword-chapter relationship discovery and keyword- chapter network analysis. A total of 130 keywords were extracted from six chapters in the Tafseer. The keywords and their relative importance to a chapter are computed using term weighting. A network analysis map was generated to visualize and analyze the relationship between keyword and chapter in the Tafseer. The relationship between the verses and chapters at the keyword level are successfully portrayed through the combination technique of text mining and network analysis. The novelty of this approach lies in the discovery of the relationships between verses and chapters that is useful for grouping related chapters together.
Systemic Inflammatory Response in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Aim. To characterize the systemic inflammatory response in patients with various forms of GERD. Materials and methods. The prospective clinical study included 45 patients with GERD and 10 healthy volunteers. An analytic survey of all participants was carried out which included, the collection of complaints and anamnesis, the identification of risk factors for GERD; esophagogastroduodenoscopy and a 24-hour esophageal pH-impedance monitoring. Using the method of flow cytometry, the levels of 7 cytokines were determined: two anti-inflammatory - IL-4 and IL-10, three pro-inflammatory - IL-8, IFN-γ and TNF-α, and two cytokines which may manifest as anti-inflammatory as well as pro-inflammatory activity depending on the circumstances (bivalent) - IL-2 and IL-6. Results. In patients with erosive and ulcerative esophagitis when compared to patients with NERD, Barrett's esophagus and healthy individuals, there was an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whereas in patients with Barrett's esophagus, when compared to other patients and healthy individuals, there was a resultant overexpression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 correlates with the total number of acid reflux and acid bolus exposure, whereas the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 correlate with the total number of weakly alkaline reflux and weakly alkaline bolus exposure. The high level of IL-8 was associated with an increased incidence of recurrence of erosive esophagitis, despite the ongoing therapy for 2 years. Conclusions. In patients with erosive and ulcerative esophagitis in comparison with patients with NERD and Barrett's esophagus, there is a predomination in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, IFN-γ and TNF-α, indicating the development of Th1 immune response. In patients with Barrett's esophagus, there was an increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10, indicating the formation of the Th2 immune response.
EWGT 2012 15 th meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation Modeling household residential location choice and travel behavior and its relationship with public transport accessibility

Cities are seeking to reduce the growth of car-based travel by developing public transport networks. Much research asserts that the correct arrangement of built environment will result in the enhancement of public transport utilization. There is, however, debate that this approach results only in ‘self-selection’, that is that only residents willing to travel by public transport will locate in these places with resultant minimal impact on car -user households. If policy solutions towards public transport are to be effective, it is necessary to understand the multi-dimensional relationship between location behavior and travel patterns of residents living in proximity to public transport. This research seeks to model the relationship between residential location and mode choice within a behavioral analysis framework. At this early stage of in the research this paper focuses on the methodological framework. © 2012 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Program Committee.
Mitigating effect of foliar applied ascorbic acid on morpho-physiological, biochemical changes and yield attributes induced by salt stress in Vigna radiate

The present investigation was carried out to examine the role of exogenously applied ascorbic acid which mitigates the deleterious effects of salt stress in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotype HUM-1. Plants grown under induced salinity stress at 150 mM NaCl were treated with different concentration of ascorbic acid, i.e., 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 2.0 mM. To study the effects of treatments of salt stress on chlorophyll content, proline content, nitrate reductase activity, superoxide dismutase activity and yield attributes data were recorded at 20, 40, 60 day after sowing. Nitrate reductase activity and chlorophyll content with 1.0 mM ascorbic acid under salinity (150 mM NaCl) while the activities of superoxide dismutase get reduced up to 43.71% at 40 days after sowing. In plant treated with combined treatment of 150 mM NaCl and 1.0 mM foliar applied ascorbic acid caused a decline in the level of proline, which was 3.38 mg, 3.35 mg and 6.30 mg at 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing. The threshold level of ascorbic acid was 150 mM NaCl along with 1.0 mM ascorbic acid, that improved the yield attributes under salinity. Ascorbic acid inhibits the adverse effect of NaCl for growth and development of plants. So ascorbic acid may be a promising treatment to ameliorate the deleterious effects of salt stress in crops.
Experimental Test of an Event-Based Corpuscular Model Modification as an Alternative to Quantum Mechanics

We present the first experimental test that distinguishes between an event-based corpuscular model (EBCM) [H. De Raedt et al.: J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8 (2011) 1052] of the interaction of photons with matter and quantum mechanics. The test looks at the interference that results as a single photon passes through a Mach-Zehnder interferometer [H. De Raedt et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74 (2005) 16]. The experimental results, obtained with a low-noise single-photon source [G. Brida et al.: Opt. Expr. 19 (2011) 1484], agree with the predictions of standard quantum mechanics with a reduced $\chi^2$ of 0.98 and falsify the EBCM with a reduced $\chi^2$ of greater than 20.
Comparison of Different Formulations for the Numerical Calculation of Unsteady Incompressible Viscoelastic Fluid Flow

In this paper we compare different methods currently used in the sta- bilization of numerical simulations of time-dependent viscoelastic fluid flows de- scribed with the Oldroyd-B and related models. The methods under consideration, based on the separation of newtonian-like components from the stress tensor, are applied to a finite volume analysis of two simple benchmark problems (the plane Poiseuille startup and pulsated flows), for which analytical solutions are known. The relative performances of each method are evaluated regarding stability, accu- racy and efficiency.
Öğretmen Yetiştirme Programlarindaki Öğretmen Adaylarinin Profili The Profile of Prospective Teachers in Teacher Education Programs

The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of prospective teachers. The characteristics were examined under four themes: family /home background, academic background, social background, and motivation. Six higher education institutions from four different provinces were selected and the data were collected via an information sheet consisting of closed and open-ended questions developed by the researchers. The data were analyzed mainly by making use of descriptive statistics. Results of the study indicated that students who enter teacher education programs come from low-income families. Although the type of high school from which they graduated showed variety, the data showed that the students were mainly graduates of Anatolian teacher high schools. The results also indicated that students were rarely involved in social activities during their secondary education. It was promising to observe that they had a high motivation for becoming teachers.
Identification and biological control of microbial agents causing corruption of stored sugar beets in sugar production industry

There is a long period distance between sugar beet harvest and its transport to sugar factory. Sugar beet crop is damaged and injured during harvest and transport which provides a suitable place for various saccharolytic microorganism growths in terms of temperature, moisture, pH and glucose concentration. In this study, samples were randomly selected from root stored in spring 2010 and also the processed syrup in one of the sugar factories in Isfahan, in order to isolate and identify microorganisms. After washing and disinfecting root surface, infected pieces were taken from different regions of the tissue, were washed, and microorganisms were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. Different types of gram-positive bacilli and cocci, including Bacillus, Leuconostoc, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus from bacteria, and several types of fungi including Paecilomyces, Chrysosporium, Pencillium, Fusarium and Pythium were isolated and were purified. Pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were detected among isolated bacteria. Bacterial counting in syrup collected after heat processing showed the presence of bacterial spores and the growth of bacteria as 53 colony forming unit per milliliter after vegetation. The bacterial population which remained in processed syrup was Bacillus species. These bacteria are called as ‘opportunistic pathogens’ and some of them produce allergens. Therefore, it is important to control their population in stored sugar beet which can affect the quality of health parameters. Ethanol extract from bee Propolis had significant effect on isolated microorganisms. The minimum lethal concentration of Propolis was 6 times less than sodium hypochlorite and 12 times less than calcium hypochlorite.
Geographical Cost of Living Differences: An Update

This article develops a method for estimating current geographical differences in the cost of living index for all states for 1981-1990. These estimates based on BLS data are shown to correspond closely to statewide cost of living estimates for 1989 based on the American Chamber of Commerce Research Association data for selected cities.Living costs are highest in Hawaii, Alaska, Connecticut, Washington D.C., New Jersey, Massachusetts, New York, and California. They are lower in Mississippi, West Virginia, Arkansas, Idaho, and Utah. The basic pattern persists since 1977 with shifts related to economic growth rates. Copyright American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.
Gibrat's law revisited -A study on Gibrat's law with models of industry dynamics

This thesis is a literature review that studies Gibrat’s law and the firm dynamics with the help of conventional models of industry dynamics. Robert Gibrat formulated one of the first models of industry dynamics already in 1931 and in this model he used the assumption of law of proportional effect that is today understood as Gibrat’s law. A common interpretation of the Gibrat’s law presented in many articles is that a firm’s growth rate and its size are independent of each other. This thesis uses this interpretation of the law. Put differently, the law states that small firms grow at the same rate as large firms. The power of Gibrat’s law is the primary research question and a common theme that is carried throughout this thesis. In addition, this thesis touches briefly on what creates firm growth. In general, the extensive literature has rejected the law, but various studies have found that the law is valid for certain subsamples or time periods. Therefore, this thesis argues that the question is not whether Gibrat’s law is valid, but rather when and with what restrictions it is valid. This thesis also tries to understand why Gibrat’s law should be accepted. One of the aims of this study was to identify testable hypothesis that would more accurate. Hence, they would further clarify the role of Gibrat’s law. These questions are studied with help of the theory on firm and industry dynamics. This makes the approach more unique as existing studies focuses heavily on empirical testing. As primary material, this thesis uses the existing empirical literature on Gibrat’s law and four models of industry dynamics by Hopenhayn (1992), Jovanovic (1982), Cooley & Quadrini (2001) and Murto & Tervio (2010). Hopenhayn’s model is analyzed more thoroughly than the rest of the industry dynamic models. The conclusion of this study is that in the majority of the cases small firms indeed grow faster than large firms. This is supported both by theoretical and empirical evidence. It can be case that sometimes the growth is observed as stochastic, but it would seem that the underlying process is indeed deterministic as there are profit-maximizing firms that act and make decisions. These findings could explain why sometimes studies reject the law and sometimes they accept it. Hopenhayn’s model is a stand-alone model, but it opens the possibility for other models were Gibrat’s law could be a special case. Thus, the conclusion is that Gibrat’s law can’t be a valid. The three other models that were presented more or less confirmed that the law can’t be valid. Furthermore, it was possible to find new testable hypothesis. For example Gibrat’s law could be tested for an industry where there has been a large increase in cost of entry, preferably over a shorter period time. The expected result is that after the increase in cost of entry, there should be less deviation from Gibrat’s law. Finally, this thesis views that superior productivity creates firm growth.
Forest pest management in a changing world

The scope, context and science guiding forest pest management have evolved and are likely to continue changing into the future. Here, I present six areas of advice to guide practitioners in the implementation of forest pest management. First, human dimensions will continue to play a key role in most pest problems and should always be a primary consideration in management. Next, managers must recognize that it is practically impossible to use population suppression to prevent outbreaks that extend over large geographic regions. Silvicultural practices can sometimes be effective at reducing forest susceptibility to outbreaks but these methods should be based on sound science. Many of the most damaging forest pests are non-native species and minimizing the invasion problem is most effective when steps are taken early on in the invasion process. Furthermore, classical biological control and selection for host resistance are important approaches to managing established non-native pest species. Finally, plantations of exotic tree species, while often highly productive, are prone to catastrophic damage from invading pests.
AT LAST—A V777 HER PULSATOR IN THE KEPLER FIELD

We present the discovery of the first—and so far the only—pulsating white dwarf star located in the field of view of the Kepler spacecraft. During our ongoing effort to search for compact pulsator candidates that can benefit from the near-continuous coverage of Kepler, we recently identified a faint DB star from spectroscopy obtained with the William Herschel Telescope. After establishing its physical parameters to be Teff = 24,950 K and log g = 7.91 dex, placing it right in the middle of the V777 Her instability strip, we immediately submitted the target for follow-up space observations. The Kepler light curve reveals a pulsation spectrum consisting of five modes that follow a sequence roughly equally spaced in period with a mean spacing of 37 s. The three strongest modes show a triplet structure with a mean splitting of 3.3 μHz. We conclude that this object is a V777 Her pulsator with a mass of ∼0.56 M☉, and very similar to the class prototype.
Paradigms Lost: The Blurring of the Criminal and Civil Law Models--And What Can Be Done About It

Ken Mann's professed goal is to "shrink" the criminal law. ' To realize this worthy end, he advocates punitive civil sanctions that would largely parallel criminal sanctions, thereby reducing the need to use criminal law in order to achieve punitive purposes.2 I agree (heartily) with the end he seeks and even more with his general precept that "the criminal law should be reserved for the most damaging wrongs and the most culpable defendants. "3 But I believe that the means he proposes would be counterproductive-and would probably expand, rather than contract, the operative scope of the criminal law as an engine of regulation and social control. The differences in our analyses follow from differences in our perspectives. Professor Mann's focus is largely doctrinal and basically centers on the question of whether courts will accept candidly punitive civil penalties. My perspective is more behavioral and focuses on incentives: what would regulators and private enforcers do under a legal system that largely overlaid punitive civil sanctions on top of criminal penalties? We also begin from different starting points. Although we both agree that the line between civil and criminal penalties is rapidly collapsing, Professor Mann sees (and favors) the encroachment of the civil law upon the criminal law. I see more of the reverse trend: the encroachment of the criminal law into areas previously thought to be civil or "regulatory" in character. Thus, I want to resist encroachment, while he wishes to encourage it in order to give enforcement authorities the less drastic remedy of civil penalties. Apparently, Professor Mann sees no fundamental difference in the purposes of the civil law and the criminal law: both seek, he argues, to deter through punishment. Here, I think his usually acute powers of analysis have proven
Microwave-Drying Behaviour of African Nutmeg (Monodora myristica ) and Ogbono (Irvinga gabonensis ) Kernels

The drying kinetics of African nutmeg and Ogbono kernels in thin-layers were conducted using a microwave oven. The experimental results were fitted into three thin-layer drying models, namely Page,Lewis and Henderson-Pabis models. The various drying constants and coefficients were evaluated using non-linear regression methods, and results show that Henderson-Pabis and lewis models were the best models to predict the drying behavior of both samples at the drying conditions. Effective moisture diffusivity which was determined by Fick’s second law and slope method ranged from 4.71x10 -8 to 5.25x10 -8 m 2 /s for African nutmeg and 2.52x10 -8 to 2.65x10 -8 m 2 /s for Ogbono kernels. The temperature dependence of effective moisture diffusivity obeyed the Arrhenius law with activation energies of 44.8KJ/mol and 20.8KJ/mol for African nutmeg and Ogbono kernels respectively.
Potential of dyes as draw solutions in forward osmosis for the South African textile industry

The textile industry produces large volumes of wastewater that requires appropriate treatment before being released into the environment. Research globally has focused on advanced desalination technologies to augment the limited freshwater resources. Forward osmosis (FO) technology has gained substantial interest as a possible lower-energy desalination technology. However, challenges such as the availability of effective draw solutions (DS) have limited its implementation. This study evaluated alternative feed water resources and assessed the potential of dye solutions as DS. The aim is to dilute a concentrated dye DS to a target concentration for direct dye-batch use, thereby reclaiming water resources. The measured osmotic pressure (OP) of the alternative feed solutions (synthetic brackish water; syntethic seawater; seawater from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans; and wastewater from two textile factories) were 414, 2 761, 2 580, 2 614; 1 716 and 7 822 kPa, respectively. Three basic dyes (Maxilon Turquoise, Red and Blue) and three reactive dyes (Carmine, Olive Green and Black) were selected based on common use in the South African textile industry. The dye samples were prepared without and with salt at different concentrations and different dye-to-salt mass ratios ranging from 1:10 to 1:60. The OP trends for the basic dyes followed Blue >> Red > Turquoise and for the reactive dyes Black >> Olive > Carmine. The overall OP trend was Black > Olive > Carmine > Blue > Red > Turquoise. The OP at different dye concentrations and different dye-to-salt ratios was mostly influenced by the dye chemistry and molecular weight (Mw) rather than the type of dye, i.e., reactive vs basic.The OP trend for the dye-to-salt ratios was 1:60 > 1:50 > 1:40 > 1:30 > 1:20 > 1:10. For both the basic and reactive dyes a linear relationship exists between OP and dye concentration; as well as between OP and Mw. The dye DS exhibited larger OP compared to that of the FS evaluated, thus rendering them suitable DS. Keywords : draw solution; dyes; feed solution; forward osmosis; osmotic pressure; textile industry; textile wastewater