Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Logical Unit Power Factors from a Circuit Perspective

This paper will compare the technologies behind different ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) and FPU (Floating Point Units) from the perspective of the actual hardware implementations. Such as the comparison of different types of transistors, as well the higher level abstract design of these circuits. After review we will compare both the benefits and consequences for the specified designs. As well we will look at these designs in comparison to the data metrics graphed as a whole, to see where they fit on the time lines. Some of these designs covered in this paper will be the BGFB CMOS transistors in ALUs. Reconfigurable CMOS logic designs using MFIG-Mosfets. Along with base CMOS Full-Adders while indicating different implementations with different unique benefits and tradeoffs. Keywords—Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Floating Point Unit, ITRS Technology Node, Data Bus Width, Execution Time, Power Dissapation, Boolean Logic, Central Processing Unit (CPU), MultiInput Floating Gate Mosfet (MFIG-Mosfet), Ripple Carry Adder (RCA)
AUTOMATIC BUILDINGS RECOGNITION USING A 3G SMARTPHONE

Buildings recognition using artificial vision techniques is a classical task for which many approaches have been used. An algorithm for performing such task is the SIFT algorithm. The SIFT algorithm has been widely used for image matching processes due to its robustness to light, orientation and scale variations. The aim of our project is to provide the user of a 3G Smartphone with the capabilities to locate himself when introduced to a new place without any human assistance. For instance, when a visitor, student or faculty is approaching to a new campus of the ITESM system, he will be able to take a picture of a building nearby and he will receive useful information of the recognized building so he orient himself.
Sensory evaluation tools stroke described in Portuguese: a systematic review

435 Sensory evaluation tools stroke described in Portuguese: a systematic review Instrumentos de avaliacao sensorial pos-acidente vascular encefalico (AVE) descritos em portugues: uma revisao sistematica Los instrumentos de evaluacion sensorial posaccidente vascular encefalico (AVE) descriptos en portugues: una revision sistematica Jennifer Souza Fagundes1, Aline Cristiane Binda1, Julia Garzim Faria1, Daniele Peres2, Stella Maris Michaelsen3
Social Networks and Innovation in Industrial Clusters: A Study in case of Turkish Industrial Clusters

Son otuz yılda endüstriyel kümelerin arka planını inceleyen ekonomik coğrafya ve bölgesel kalkınma yazınının odaklandığı konulardan biri de sosyal sermaye, sosyal ağlar, güven ve yakınlık temelli sosyal, ekonomik ve mekânsal özelliklerin anlaşılmasıyla ilgilidir. Nasıl bu faktörlerin sanayi kümelerinin gelişiminde rolü olacağı endüstriyel kümelere yönelik ekonomik coğrafya yaklaşımının temel tartışma noktasıdır. Makalede, Türkiye’de sanayi kümelerinin gelişiminin arkasında yatan ekonomik olmayan faktörler sosyal ağlar perspektifinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede, çalışmanın amacı sanayi kümelerinde yenilikçilik aktivitelerinin gelişiminde sosyal ağların rolünü keşfetmektir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın ana hipotezi, sosyal ağların Ankara ve Konya makine sanayi kümelerinin küme içi ve küme dışında sahip olduğu formel ve enformel bağlantıların yenilikçi aktivitelerin gelişiminde belirleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğudur. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler, örnek kümelerde yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler ve anket çalışmalarıyla elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada, kümelerin sahip olduğu sosyal ağ potansiyelleri her ne kadar değişiklik gösterse de, sosyal ağların yenilikçi aktivitelerin gelişiminde belirleyici olduğu doğrulanmıştır.
Extrusion of Endodontic Material to the Maxillary Sinus: Avoidable Intercurrence?

The objective of this study is to discuss and analyze whether extrusion of endodontic material constitutes avoidable intercurrence, discussing the clinical, ethical and legal implications. Patient LSR, 31 years old, female, attended a dental consultation complaining of pain in the second left maxillary premolar (tooth 25). Radiographically, a single root canal and thickening of the periodontal ligament associated with extravasation of 8 mm of gutta percha to the maxillary sinus were observed. The first endodontic session aimed to performing the desobturation, root canal preparation and intracanal medication placement. The root canal obturation was performed in the second session. Was carried out an apical surgery that removed 2 mm from the root apex and also performed the covered with a collagen membrane. A 22 months follow-up revealed a tooth function, absence of painful symptomatology or infection, and radiographically normal periodontal ligament and bone neoformation. The second single-root premolar is the type of premolar with less distance with the floor of the maxillary sinus. In this case, the extrusion of the obturator material occurred due to the superinstrumentation of the root canal associated with the proximity of the root with the membrane of the maxillary sinus. From the ethical and legal point of view, the patient has the right to be informed about any intercurrences that may arise during or after the treatment, and the informed consent form is essencial. This document will allow the patient to make a decision about performing an endodontic treatment in which the risk of an accident or complication is imminent or that treatment failure is already expected. It is important that professionals make appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan for each case, since this conduct may avoid clinical intercurrences. In addition, if the intercurrences occur, the patient should be advised of how to proceed.
Using the Recharge Area Concept as a strategy for siting underground nuclear waste repositories

The Recharge Area Concept is the proposition that in Canadian-Shield type natural environments recharge areas of regional groundwater flow systems are superior for high-level nuclear waste repositories to other types of groundwater flow regimes, especially to areas of groundwater discharge. This conclusion is reached from an analysis of basinal groundwater flow models. The calculations were made for a two-dimensional flank of a fully saturated topographic basin, 20 km long and 4 km deep, in which groundwater is driven by gravity. Variants of hydraulic-conductivity distributions were considered: 1) homogeneous; 2) stratified; and 3) stratified-faulted. The faults attitudes were changed by steps from vertical to horizontal for different variants. The model is assumed conceptually to represent the crystalline-rock environment of the Canadian Shield. The hydrogeologic performances of hypothetical repositories placed 500 m deep in the recharge and discharge areas were characterized by thirteen parameters. The principal advantages of rechargeover discharge-area locations are: 1) longer travel paths and return-flow times from repository to surface; 2) robustness of predicted values of performance parameters; 3) field-verifiability of favourable hydrogeologic conditions (amounting to an implicit validation of the calculated minimum values of return-flow times); 4) site acceptance based on quantifiable and observable flow-controlling parameters; and 5) simple logistics and favourable economics of site selection and screening. As a by­ product of modelling, it is demonstrated that the presence of old water is not an indication of stagnancy. 'Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, 4700 Keele Street,Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3,
Investigation of Capturing Efficiency of Alkyl Amines on Carbon Dioxide in Alkaline Media

Continuing unabated industrialization and consumption continues to cause various pollutants in the environment as a result of this situation any kind of waste (greenhouse gases, oven residues/slags) is being formed. It is expected that very serious climate changes may occur with the acceleration of the amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere in the near future. For this reason, the demand of capturing and storing one of the most important greenhouse gas which is known as carbon dioxide in atmosphere is increasing day by day. In this study; the carbon dioxide capturing performance of alkaline solution which was prepared synthetically was investigated by assessing the effects of various parameters. While the synthetic solutions were prepared, the chemical composition of the oven residues (slags) was inspired. To determine the best experimental conditions, various synthetic solutions were prepared and the effects of alkyl amine derivatives were compared on capturing carbon dioxide. The precipited powders, which obtained experimental studies, were characterized by various spectroscopic methods.
Hisdoc 2.0: Toward Computer-assisted Paleography

HisDoc 2.0 1 is a research project on textual heritage analysis and is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). It builds on the groundwork of the HisDoc 2 project, which concentrated on automated methods for codicological and philological studies. The objective of HisDoc 2.0 is computational paleographical analysis, or more specifically, the analysis of scripts, writing styles, and scribes. While the first project aimed at analyzing simple layouts and the textual content of historical documents, HisDoc 2.0 will be dedicated to complex layouts, including fine-grained text-line localization and script analysis. Furthermore, semantic domain knowledge extracted from catalogs available on databases such as e-codices 3 or manuscripta mediaevalia 4 is incorporated into document image analysis. In HisDoc 2.0, we perform fundamental research to facilitate the development of tools that build on existing expert knowledge and will support scholars from the humanities who are concerned with examining and annotating manuscripts in the future.
Risk factors in the Russian stock market

The short history, high concentration, and low liquidity of the market have hindered formal analysis of multiple-factor models of Russian stocks. This paper is the first comprehensive formal study of the risk factors driving cross-sectional differences in expected returns of Russian stocks. Using the last five years of data, we investigate two sets of factors: fundamental (size, value, liquidity, momentum, etc.) and macroeconomic (oil, currency, bond spreads, etc.). The factor-mimicking portfolios are constructed as zero investment strategies with long (short) positions in stocks with high (low) values of an attribute. We find that the most important factor both from statistical and economical point of view is Russia’s country risk, with a premium of 59% p.a. The corporate governance factor has a 25% premium paid by the poorly governed companies. Probably, due to political and macroeconomic stabilization in Russia the premiums for both risks have become much lower during the last two years. The more traditional size and dollar factors also offer a significant premium in a range from 33% to 39% p.a. , respectively. The premiums on all four factors remain significant even in the presence of the short-selling constraints.
Stochasticity & Predictability in Terrestrial Planet Formation

Terrestrial planets are thought to be the result of a vast number of gravitational interactions and collisions between smaller bodies. We use numerical simulations to show that practically identical initial conditions result in a wide array of final planetary configurations. This is a result of the chaotic evolution of trajectories which are highly sensitive to minuscule displacements. We determine that differences between systems evolved from virtually identical initial conditions can be larger than the differences between systems evolved from very different initial conditions. This implies that individual simulations lack predictive power. For example, there is not a reproducible mapping between the initial and final surface density profiles. However, some key global properties can still be extracted if the statistical spread across many simulations is considered. Based on these spreads, we explore the collisional growth and orbital properties of terrestrial planets which assemble from different initial conditions (we vary the initial planetesimal distribution, planetesimal masses, and giant planet orbits). Confirming past work, we find that the resulting planetary systems are sculpted by sweeping secular resonances. Configurations with giant planets on eccentric orbits produce fewer and more massive terrestrial planets on tighter orbits than those with giants on circular orbits. This is further enhanced if the initial mass distribution is biased to the inner regions. In all cases, the outer edge of the system is set by the final location of the ν6 resonance and we find that the mass distribution peaks at the ν5 resonance. Using existing observations, we find that extrasolar systems follow similar trends. Although differences between our numerical modelling and exoplanetary systems remain, we suggest that CoRoT-7, HD 20003, and HD 20781 may host undetected giant planets.
Desertscape Simulation

We present an interactive aeolian simulation to author hot desert scenery. Wind is an important erosion agent in deserts which, despite its importance, has been neglected in computer graphics. Our framework overcomes this and allows generating a variety of sand dunes, including barchans, longitudinal and anchored dunes, and simulates abrasion which erodes bedrock and sculpts complex landforms. Given an input time varying high altitude wind field, we compute the wind field at the surface of the terrain according to the relief, and simulate the transport of sand blown by the wind. The user can interactively model complex desert landscapes, and control their evolution throughout time either by using a variety of interactive brushes or by prescribing events along a user‐defined time‐line.
THE JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

Egg-laying hormone in Aplysia californica is synthesized and secreted by cells that seem to be homogeneous ultra.structurally and electrophysiologically. Several conventional methods have been used to demonstrate histochemical homogeneity and special staining techniques based on the known properties of the hormone show the neuroendocrine organ to be uniform in appearance. Furthermore, since stain specificity for egg-laying hormone is demonstrable using release and biochemical studies, the authors concluded that the organ consists of a population of biochemically homogeneous neurons.
Dose- and time-dependent response of human leukemia cell line NB4 to arsenic trioxide treatment

Background and Objective: Although arsenic trioxide has been shown to be a potential drug in treatment of APL, most notably in patients with relapsed APL, the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of ATO on APL cancer cells was evaluated. Materials and Methods: In this basic-applied study, the human leukemia (NB4) cell line was used as a model to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide in APL cells. NB4 cells were exposed to different concentrations of ATO (0.5, 1, 2 μM) for 2, 4 and 6 days and dimethylthiazol diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was applied to them. Results: Data obtained from this assay indicated that arsenic trioxide significantly reduced the viability of NB4 cells and inhibited cell growth in a time and dose dependent manner. Conclusion: Findings from the present study indicate that arsenic trioxide is highly cytotoxic to human leukemia cells, supporting its use as an effective therapeutic agent in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
First palaeoneurological study of a sauropod dinosaur from France and its phylogenetic significance

Despite continuous improvements, our knowledge of the palaeoneurology of sauropod dinosaurs is still deficient. This holds true even for Titanosauria, which is a particularly speciose clade of sauropods with representatives known from numerous Cretaceous sites in many countries on all continents. The data currently available regarding the palaeoneurology of titanosaurs is strongly biased towards Gondwanan forms (Argentina above all, but also India, Malawi and Australia). In contrast, the palaeoneurology of Laurasian titanosaurs is known only from a few taxa from Spain and Uzbekistan, despite the discovery in other countries of Laurasia of a number of neurocranial remains that would lend themselves well to investigations of this kind. To fill in this gap in our knowledge, we subjected a titanosaurian braincase from the uppermost Upper Cretaceous of southern France to X-ray computed tomographic scanning, allowing the generation of 3D renderings of the endocranial cavity enclosing the brain, cranial nerves and blood vessels, as well as the labyrinth of the inner ear. These reconstructions are used to clarify the phylogenetic position of the specimen from the Fox-Amphoux-Métisson site. A combination of characters, including the presence of two hypoglossal rami on the endocast, the average degree of development of the dorsal-head/caudal-middle-cerebral vein system and the relatively short and subequal lengths of the ipsilateral semicircular canals of the labyrinth, are particularly revealing in this respect. They suggest that, compared with the few other Laurasian titanosaurs for which in-depth palaeoneurological data are available, the French taxon is more derived than the distinctly more ancient, possibly non-lithostrotian titanosaur from the Uzbek site of Dzharakuduk but more basal than derived saltasaurids, such as the coeval or slightly more recent forms from the Spanish locality of Lo Hueco.
VHRM_A_209241 187..208

Steve Duff 1 Michael S Mafilios Prajakta Bhounsule James T Hasegawa 1Veritas Health Economics Consulting, Carlsbad, CA, USA; 2Health Economics Associates, San Diego, CA, USA; 3Health Economics and Reimbursement, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA, USA Abstract: Peripheral arterial disease is a chronic vascular disease characterized by impaired circulation to the lower extremities. Its most severe stage, known as critical limb ischemia (CLI), puts patients at an increased risk of cardiovascular events, amputation, and death. The objective of this literature review is to describe the burden of disease across a comprehensive set of domains— epidemiologic, clinical, humanistic, and economic—focusing on key studies published in the last decade. CLI prevalence in the United States is estimated to be approximately 2 million and is likely to rise in the coming years given trends in important risk factors such as age, diabetes, and smoking. Hospitalization for CLI patients is common and up to 60% are readmitted within 6 months. Amputation rates are unacceptably high with a disproportionate risk for certain demographic and socioeconomic groups. In addition to limb loss, CLI patients also have reduced life expectancy withmortality typically exceeding 50%by 5 years. Given the poor clinical prognosis, it is unsurprising that the quality of life burden associated with CLI is significant. Studies assessing quality of life in CLI patients have used a variety of generic and disease-specific measures and all document a substantial impact of the disease on the patient’s physical, social, and emotional health status compared to population norms. Finally, the poor clinical outcomes and increased medical resource use lead to a considerable economic burden for national health care systems. However, published cost studies are not comprehensive and, therefore, likely underestimate the true economic impact of CLI. Our summary documents a sobering assessment of CLI burden—a poor clinical prognosis translating into diminished quality of life and high costs for millions of patients. Continued prevention efforts and improved treatment strategies are the key to ameliorating the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with this disease.
Alzheimer’s disease, Epidemiology, causes, diagnosis and novel treatments: A review.

This review reveals current innovations in pathology, diagnosis and novel treatment options for Alzheimer‟s disease. Alzheimer‟s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder named after Alois Alzheimer, who first described this disorder more than one century ago. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for up to 75% of all dementia cases. There are two major pathological hallmarks of the AD, extracellular plaques containing various forms of amyloid-β protein (Aβ), and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein. Mutations and polymorphisms in multiple genes (Presenilin 1, presenilin 2 genes and Apo lipoprotein E) contribute to familial and sporadic forms of AD. There is no accurate diagnostic method; the only method of definitively diagnosing AD is a brain autopsy. However, medical history, neuropsychological testing, and neuroimaging techniques allow physicians to make an accurate diagnosis of AD. Apart from traditional therapies (antioxidants, Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors, and NMDA receptor antagonists) this review also exposes modern treatments options for AD (immunotherapy, cell transplantation and gene therapy).