Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maspin expression in breast carcinoma: relation to established prognostic markers and CD31 immunostaining for angiogenesis

Background Cancer of the breast is one of the most dreaded diseases among women. Maspin is a novel member of the serine proteinase inhibitor family, which has a tumour suppressor activity. The aim of the present work was to correlate the expression of Maspin with established prognostic factors of breast carcinoma and with microvessel density as measured by CD31. Materials and methods Maspin and CD31 immunostaining procedures were performed on 75 specimens of breast carcinoma obtained by surgery and on five normal breast tissue specimens obtained by reduction mammoplasty. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the Maspin-positive and Maspin-negative groups with regard to tumour growth pattern (P<0.001), tumour size (P=0.014), grade (P=0.031), lymph node metastasis (P=0.001), tumour stage (P=0.033), hormonal receptor status (oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor: P=0.027 and P<0.008, respectively) and Her2/neu expression (P=0.011). Triple-negative cases were highly associated with the Maspin-positive group (P<0.001). The increase in Maspin positivity was significantly associated with a decrease in microvessel density in tumour tissue (P<0.001). Conclusion Maspin could be considered an independent poor prognostic marker for breast carcinoma.
Etheostoma spectabile-E. radiosum Hybridization in Blue River, Oklahoma

Putative hybrids occur at nearly every locality where Etheostoma spectabile and E. radiosum are found together in Blue River. Evidence suggestive of introgression of spectabile by radiosum is more extensive in the river channel than in springs tributary to the river, but the entire spectabile population seems to be introgressed. At certain localities the radiosum population is shifted, morphologically, toward spectabile. This is most extensive in springs where spectabile is by far the more abundant species. In one small spring, however, a small population of intermediate individuals occurred in the absence of spectabile; this might be used to argue that radiosum is introgressed, but other explanations are not excluded. The present situation in Blue River may be due to some historical event, such as asynchronous colonization, that caused an increase in hybridization potential INTRODUCTION Natural hybrids between the plains orangethroat darter, Etheostoma spectabile p-uichellum (Girard), and the Blue River orangebelly darter, E. radiosum cyanorum (Moore and Rigney), were discussed by Linder (1955, 1958), Distler (1968) and Branson and Campbell (1969). Linder (1955) described two specimens that he considered first-generation hybrids, which were taken from Thomas Bricken Spring and a contiguous area of Blue River (Red River drainage, S-central Oklahoma). Distler (1968), after a reexamination of Linder's collection of E. spectabile, and Branson and Campbell (1969), based on analysis of 200 specimens from the same locality, concluded that a hybrid swarm existed in the area. Our purposes were to determine the extensiveness of hybridization in Blue River and to examine the area for possible centers of interbreeding. The problem of obtaining acceptable reference samples for comparisons is complicated because E. r. cyan-orum is endemic to Blue River and is quite distinct from other populations of radiosum (Moore and Rigney, 1952). Also, Blue River E. spectabile are morphologically different from spectabile in other areas (Linder, 1955; Distler, 1968). Thus, for reference samples we used collections of each species from areas within the Blue River system where the specimens seemed relatively "pure" and where the other species was absent or very rare. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collections and habitats. -Collections were taken with small "minnow" seines from a 30-km segment of the headwaters of Blue River 1 Present address: Aquatic Station, San Marcos State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666.
Spécificité de l'action des protéine kinases et phosphatases dans la cellule

Les kinases et les phosphatases sont generalement des structures modulaires comportant un domaine catalytique responsable de l'activite enzymatique et un domaine regulateur capable de controler cette activite. Dans le cas d'enzumes multimeriques, chacun des domaines est porte par des sous-unites distinctes. La specificite d'action des kinases et phosphatases au sein de la cellule resulterait: (1) de l'existence d'une grande diversite dans les sous-unites regulatrices pour une meme sous-unite catalytique et (2) du ciblage de la sous-unite catalytique vers ses substrats par la sous-unite regulatrice, assurant a cette derniere une double fonction
Canopy organization and foliage photosynthetic capacity in a broad-leaved evergreen montane forest

The spatial and physical characteristics of foliage varied systematically with canopy height in a broad-leaved evergreen forest of Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Poole (mountain beech) in the Craigieburn Range, South Island, New Zealand. Leaf inclination angle, leaf weight per unit area, leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf photosynthetic capacity and leaf reflectance of photosynthetically active radiation all decreased with depth in the canopy. These changes will result in a more uniform distribution of photosynthetically active radiation through the canopy and a greater canopy carbon gain than possible in canopies composed of randomly oriented leaves with constant physical properties. The mean leaf area index of the Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides foliage was 6 7 and mean branch silhouette area index was 1 4. Mistletoe (Alepisflavida [Hook.f.] Tiegh) was present in the canopy and had a leaf area index of 0-14, and a stem silhouette area index of 0-02. Total beech and mistletoe foliage biomass was 1183 and 36g m-2 respectively and total beech and mistletoe foliage nitrogen mass was 12 3 and 037g m2. Key-words: Leaf orientation, leaf area index, leaf nitrogen, Nothofagus, photosynthetic capacity, mistletoe
Effect of GLY-L-GLN on Growth Performance and Intestinal Absorption Ability in Weaned Piglets

One hundred and eight piglets weaned at 28 d were divided into six groups(0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6% GLY-L-GLN and 1% GLN supplementation) for 21 d trial. The results of growth performance showed that 0.3% GLY-L-GLN and 1% GLN in diets could improve growth performance and reduce the percentage of diarrhea significantly(P0.05). The serum D-xylose concentrations in piglets fed 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45% GLY-L-GLN and 1% GLN diets were significantly higher than that in piglets fed control diet(P0.05).
Estimates and population consequences of tetraonid mortality caused by collisions with high tension power lines in Norway

1. Capercaillie, black grouse and willow ptarmigan mortality resulting from collisions with high tension power lines (11-420 kV) was estimated, based on the number of casualties found per kilometre of power line patrolled in three boreal forest and low alpine areas. 2. The length (km) of high tension power lines crossing tetraonid habitats was estimated using Geographical Information Systems and general knowledge about species-specific habitats. Of the entire Norwegian high tension power-line grid system (about 95 000 km), 55% was estimated to cross capercaillie habitats, 56% black grouse habitats and 16% willow ptarmigan habitats. 3. Because of biasing factors related to data-collecting procedures, the number of collision victims found per kilometre of power line patrolled was increased by a factor varying from 6.0 to 14.9. The estimated losses were about 20 000, 26 000 and 50 000 for capercaillie, black grouse and willow ptarmigan, respectively, which are about 90%, 47% and 9% of the annual hunting harvest of these species. 4. It was concluded that this estimating procedure may be useful to wildlife management authorities to assess losses caused by overhead wires in general. Locally, this mortality factor should be carefully recorded and considered together with other mortality factors like hunting, to avoid overexploitation.
Efecto de pretratamientos en semillas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Fabaceae) de la selva pedemontana argentina

The effect of pretreatments in Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds (Fabaceae) from Selva Pedemontana of Argentina. Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong is a tree species that lives in the Selva Pedemontana of Argentina, that is extensively exploited for ample crop. Its seeds typically exhibit low germination percentage due to the high level of dormancy. Five different methods to overcome dormancy were evaluated on seeds collected for five populations along a latitudinal and altitudinal gradient in the Selva Pedemontana. All seeds were germinated at 24 oC and 12 h photoperiod. Total germinated seeds and mean time to germinate was recorded. Mechanical scarification and chemical scarification with sulfuric acid for 30 to 50 minutes were highly efficient in promoting germination.
Modularity and Distribution of Sulfur Metabolism Genes in Bacterial Populations: Search and Design

Biological Engineering involves global DNA sampling and modular design from genetic parts. A new approach reflected by natural history is based on the recognition of interchangeable DNA fragments that move around the world due to horizontal gene transfer. According to the large scale, metagenomics provide opportunities to sequence whole genomes within environmental populations. Annotated gene sequences, protein structures, and metabolic data can be used to design small biosystems from interchangeable genetic parts, the same as from functional modules. To illustrate this, the 21 genes for sulfur metabolism were inferred from the genome of bacterium Vesicomyosocius okutanii HA, and the distribution of two gene clusters (dissimilatory sulfite reductase - dsr and sulfur-oxidation - sox) within environmental samples was investigated. The correlation between the dsr and sox clusters for the experimental set of 41 stations was R = 0.86 which demonstrates the complementarity of dsr and sox metabolic pathways in environmental populations. Hypothetical functions were assigned using comparisons with known proteins. The 18 reads from symbionts of gutless worm Olavius algarvensis showed a high identity to large AprA protein from V.okutanii. In addition, comparative 3D modeling of hypothetical DsrB protein revealed sulfite reductase ferredoxin-like half domain, sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domain, and a repressor of phase-1 flagellin. The simplistic reconstruction of sulfur metabolism from parts and examples of hierarchical modularity in nature are given. The origin of modularity is considered in the context of minimal cell and horizontal gene transfer. The role of ancient sulphur metabolism in modularization is discussed under the umbrella of iron-sulfur world theory (Wachtershauser, 1988), deep-hot biosphere model (Gold, 1992), and radiolysis hypothesis (Garzon and Garzon, 2001). The reverse engineering approach based on natural genetic modules is proposed for understanding early life.
Composition and diversity of phytoplankton from mangrove estuaries in Sarawak, Malaysia

The composition and diversity of phytoplankton were studied along with physico-chemical parameters of water of two mangrove-dominated estuaries i.e., Kuala Sibuti (KS) and Kuala Nyalau (KN), Sarawak, Malaysia. A total of 46 species of phytoplankton with the mean density of 147000 cells L-1 were recorded from KS estuary i.e., 3 species of Cyanophyceae; 22 species of Bacillariophyceae; 20 species of Dinophyceae and 1 species of Chlorophyceae. The recorded mean density of phytoplankton was 113000 cells L-1 with 33 species from 19 genera from KN estuary, in which 19 species were from Bacillariophyceae; 12 species were from Dinophyceae; 1 species was from Cyanophyceae and 1 species was from Chlorophyceae. In both the estuaries, the species composition was found to be in an order of Diatom>Dinoflagellate>Cyanophyceae>Chlorophyceae. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that the abundance of Bacillariophyceae and Dinoflagellates was influenced by salinity and conductivity along with ammonium and phosphate while the abundance of Chlorophyceae was influenced by temperature, TDS, DO and pH in KS. The influence of salinity and conductivity along with PO4 and NH4 on the abundance of Bacillariophyceae, Dinoflagellates and Chlorophyceae were observed in KN.
Comparative study of Cerambycidae species diversity in different forest stands of southern Zhangguangcai Mountains,northeastern China

We systematically surveyed the species diversity of Cerambycidae at five forest stands in Jiaohe Forestry Experimental Region Administration of Jilin Province in southern Zhangguangcai Mountains with flying intercepted traps from 2012 to 2013,compared species composition among the five stands,and discussed the responses of Cerambycidae species to the change of stand habitat and their potential in forest monitoring. A total of 64 species of Cerambycidae,belonging to 7 subfamilies,41 genera,were recorded. Among them Anaglyptus colobotheoidae and Gaurotes ussuriensis are the dominant species,and subfamilies of Lepturinae,Lamiinae and Cerambycinae are the dominant groups. The numbers of species and individuals of these three groups differ obviously among five stands( plots). In the uncut mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest stands( KHL-Ⅲ and KHL-Ⅳ), the numbers of species and individuals of Lepturinae are higher than those of Lamiinae and Cerambycinae in the same stands,and also higher than those in other stands( YHL-Ⅰ,SHL-II and KHL-V). In the partially harvested mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest stand( KHL-Ⅴ),the numbers of species and individuals of Lamiinae are higher than those of Lepturinae and Cerambycinae,and the numbers of species and individuals of Lamiinae and Cerambycinae are higher than those of other stands. Meanwhile, 13 species of Cerambycidae with more individuals show an obviously different tendency in selecting stand habitats; the species diversity is the highest in the partially harvested mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest stand( KHL-Ⅴ),and the lowest in poplar-birch forest stand and ash-walnut forest stand( YHL-Ⅰ and SHL-Ⅱ). The numbers of species and individuals of Cerambycidae in each stand show a significantly positive correlation( r = 0. 932,P 0. 001). Similarity between uncut mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest stands( KHL-Ⅲ and KHL-Ⅳ) reaches a moderate level with the similarity coefficient of 0. 62.
Determination antioxidant activity of three material by flow chemiluminescence

Based on the inhibition of chemiluminescence by vitamin c,chlorogenic acid,gallic acid in alkaline aqueous solution,a new chemiluminescence method for the determination of activity of antioxidant with flow injection technique has been established.Vitamin c,chrologenic acid and gallic acid have been determined by the method,and their activity of antioxidant have been compared.The possible reaction mechanism was proposed.
Antidepressant effects of oleuropein in male mice by forced swim test and tail suspension test

Abstract Objectives: With increasing prevalence of depression in communities and public concern regarding the side effects of synthetic drugs, special attention has recently been paid to identifying natural compounds with antidepressant effects. Oleuropein is an antioxidant polyphenol that is present in the leaves and fruits of different variants of olive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of oleuropein in mice by forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Methods: In this experimental study, 50 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10. Group 1 received normal saline; group 2 intraperitoneally received reserpine at 5 mg/kg 18 hours before behavioral testing; group 3, in addition to reserpine, intraperitoneally received oleuropein at 10 mg/kg 15 minutes before behavioral testing; group 4, in addition to reserpine, received fluoxetine at 20 mg/kg; and group 5 received oleuropein at 10 mg/kg for 3 days and then reserpine 18 hours before behavioral testing. Behavioral tests were FST and TST. Finally, the antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the serum and brain of the mice were measured. Results: Reserpine significantly increased the duration of immobility in FST and TST and significantly decreased serum and brain antioxidant capacity, significantly increased MDA levels in the brain and serum, and significantly increased serum NO level (P < 0.05). Oleuropein treatment for 3 days caused a significant decrease of immobility in FST, a significant increase in brain and serum antioxidant capacity, and a significant decrease of brain and serum MDA and NO levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Oleuropein was found to exhibit significant antidepressant effects in mice, probably due to its antioxidant activity.
STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEX GLAND AND REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF CHARYBDIS JAPONICA(A.MILNE-EDWARDS)

The sex gland development,reproductive cycle,breeding behaviour and sexual ratio of Charybdis japonica were described in this paper.According to the morphologic and histological characters,the ovary development of Charybdis japonica was divided into six phases as follows: forming phase,small developing phase,great developing phase,maturation phase,spawning phase,and recovery phase.And the testicular development cycle could be divided into five phases: forming phase,developing phase,maturation phase,spawning phase,and recovery phase.By observing the seasonal changes of the gonosomatic index and the changes of sex gland on histological sections,it was considered that the sex gland development of Charybdis japonica has only one cycle in a year in Lianyungang area.Its reproductive period is from May to September and the reproduction peaks from the middle of May to the late June which has the temperature variation range: 17.5～23.5℃. The type of spawn is in batches,but the egg laying amount is significantly reduced in secondary spawning.The developmental speed of male gonad is slightly quicker than the female.The sexual ratio between the female and male is 1∶1.
Reply

5-HT2A–blocking drugs may differ, but we do not find it particularly likely that such a potential difference should have any bearing on the risk of developing a joint disorder. As pointed out in our study, in the Swedish ADR database, the majority of reports carried with them information on the time interval between start of treatment and the appearance of the symptoms of joint disorder, i.e., antidepressant use preceded symptoms rather than, as suggested by Drs. Rico-Villademoros and Calandre, the reverse.
International standardized procedures for in vivo evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotube toxicity in water

ABSTRACT The classical approach in ecotoxicological evaluation of chemical substances consists of conducting standardized bioassays on organism models. In this work, the potential impact of industrial multi-walled carbon nanotubes was investigated by ecotoxicological standardized procedures using aquatic organisms of different trophic levels, namely bacteria, green algae, invertebrates, fish, and amphibians. The results indicated (1) inhibition of growth in amphibians at 50 mg L−1 and higher, and (2) no effects on daphnia and fish up to 100 mg L−1. With the exception of algae (for which Fe deficiency is measured), it seems that the observed toxicity may be due to physiological effects in relation to the ingestion of carbon nanotubes not necessarily related to their intrinsic effects.
Evaluation of Peach Cultivars as Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Hosts

Eleven peach cultivars were evaluated at Thorsby, Ala. , and Byron, Ga. , for bark prunasin content, bark thickness, peachtree borer larvae entrance sites, and peachtree borer adult emergence. Significant differences in larval weight occurred after 21 d of feeding on four different peach cultivars but were not evident after 42, 64, or 88 d. Prunasin content and bark thickness exhibited considerable variation with time, location, and cultivar. A significant positive correlation was found between prunasin content and emergence in 1 of 3 yr. In that year, larval entrance sites were positively correlated with emergence. This phenomenon was attributed to the presence of an ovipositional stimulant on trees that had previously supported the successful development of peachtree borers rather than an oviposition preference for trees with high prunasin content. A statistical correlation between peachtree borer emergence and bark thickness was not shown. However, the cultivar from which the greatest emergence occurred also had the greatest bark thickness. Results indicated that differences in host suitability exist among cultivars, but that host suitability may vary with environmental conditions.
Seed dormancy characteristics and germination condition of Tulipa gesnersiana

In view of problems such as Tulipa gesneriana seed could not germinate in room temperature,and it had slowly germination process and low germination rate,seeds was liable to moldy and so on in cold storage,so some key control tests such as piercing the seeds and improving the bud beds were utilized to study the germination condition in room temperature on the basis of reported experiment.The results showed that the wild T.gesneriana seed had deep dormancy phenomenon,and the dormancy could be Absolved by low temperature,GA3 treatment,puncturing seeds,improving the bud beds et al,but light and room temperature storage had not significant effects to the breaking of seed dormancy.During the germination procession,there was a longer germinating imbibition period for T.gesneriana seed,and it showed a distinct sequence of germination behavior.At room temperature,the current year T.gesneriana seed which by frozen for 15 d after storage 6 months at 4 ℃,it was punctured and put on the medium of 0.5 mg/L GA3 concentrations in continued light,and the germination rate was 25%,50% and 95% respectively,after 10 d,30 d,45 d and 50 d,while under the same conditions,the germination rate of unpunctured seeds was very low.The germination rate was no significant difference at the frozen temperature between 4 ℃ and-10 ℃. Puncturing seeds could improve the germination rate significantly,in an extent,colloidal endosperm restrained the growth of embryo of T.gesneriana. Bud-bed was an important role in the germination of seeds,it was not only guaranteed the supply of nutrients during the germination of the seeds,but also kept the continuing effect of GA3 on seeds to use the culture medium as bud-bed,however,paper-bed was often contaminated and kept from the seed germination.