Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual Analytics Framework Towards Enhancing Presentation of Official Statistics

Statistical data has gained many interests from policy makers, city planners, researchers and ordinary citizens as well. Statistical data is normally available in different sources with different formats (HTML, PDF, Excel, Tables, Graphs, .etc) this makes it difficult for analyst and the decision maker to interact with the data and to take decision. Applications for visualizing statistical data are still rare. Moreover, these seldom applications also suffer the following drawbacks: (1) some are standalone and only for expert usages; (2) some do not support interactive functionalities such as selection, hovering, zooming, filtering and linking which are essential for visual analytics; (3)some can only provide an overview of statistical data, and (4) some do not support multiple representation for the statistical data. In this paper, our aim is to address these challenges. This paper will investigate (address) interoperable visual analytics framework Towards Enhancing Presentation of Official Statistics. Nowadays by increasing importance of information in all sectors, illustrating data in a communicative format helps decision makers to understand and analyze effectively large amount of information in a short time. Information visualization, as a way of presenting different data types in a more understandable form, is growing increasingly in various areas. Also this paper will investigate to collect, map, group, or integrate of heterogeneous data into a common schema. investigate how information visualization could be used to increase readability and usability of statistical data. With our framework, we could collect, disseminate and visualize statistical data, statistical data can be easily and timely presented as tables, charts, and maps. It helps promote the use of statistical data for improved planning and policy making.
EFFECT OF MINERAL AND BIOFERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOME ANTIOXIDANTS OF CANTALOUPE GROWN IN NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL

The experiment was conducted to evaluate cantaloupe yield, fruits quality and storability in response to different levels of NPK and biofertilizer. The following treatments were studied in split plot design with four levels of NPK, (untreated (control), 50-25-50 kg NPK/fed. , 100-50-100 kg NPK/fed. and 150-100-150 kg NPK/fed. ). Biofertilizers used with two rates, (untreated (control) and 200gm microbein + 300gm phosphorien /fed. ). All mineral fertilizer levels and the biofertilizer significantly increased total yield/plot, total yield/fed. (ton) and average weight of cantaloupe fruits compared with control. The combination between mineral fertilizer levels and biofertilizer gave the highest total yield/plot, total yield/fed. (ton) and average fruit weight compared with individual application. The fruits quality parameters increased by applied mineral fertilizers or biofertilizer only or combination at harvest. Application mineral fertilizers and biofertilizer increased antioxidant capacity for fruits. The pulp of fruits become more darkening, yellow and less green with improve the color and their clarity especially with the utilization of biofertilizer application. All fruits quality parameters decreased at the end of storage as compared with quality parameters at harvest but, the mineral fertilizers and bio in single application or in combinations reduced this decrement during both seasons.
Variaciones en el contenido de los polifenoles foliares en Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae- según su grado de desarrollo

RESUMEN. Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae es una enredadera dioica, a la cual se le atribuyen propiedades farmacológicas, que crece en regiones cálidas y templadas de la Argentina. Los polifenoles son compuestos que están presentes en ella y que cumplen un rol importante en las interacciones bióticas y abióticas de la planta con su entorno. Se estableció como objetivo del presente trabajo determinar las variaciones de los polifenoles según el grado de desarrollo de las hojas. Se utilizaron hojas jóvenes y adultas de ejemplares de S. campestris provenientes de Ñandubaysal, provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Se empleó la metodología estándar de Mabry y Markham para la identificación de las proantocianidinas, y la de Waterman para la determinación de fenoles totales, taninos totales y taninos condensados. Se determinaron variaciones en el contenido de los polifenoles según se tratara de hojas jóvenes o completamente desarrolladas: la producción de los fenoles totales, taninos totales y taninos condensados resultó signifcativamente superior en las hojas jóvenes con respecto a las adultas. Este resultado es relevante dado el uso de esta especie en la atención primaria de la salud. Variaciones en las concentraciones de polifenoles se podrían traducir en cambios en sus difererentes actividades farmacológicas. SUMMARY. “Variation in Leaves Polyphenol Content in Smilax campestris Griseb. Smilacaceae according to their Developement”. Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae is a dioecious plant, to which pharmacological properties are attributed, occurring in temperate zones from Argentine. Polyphenols are compounds produced by this species and are important in the different interactions between the plant and the environment. The aim of this paper is to establish if any variation on polyphenol content could be determined according to the foliar developement. Young and completely developed leaves from several specimens of S. campestris from Ñandudaysal (province of Entre Ríos, Argentina) were analyzed for polyphenol content by means of standard procedures due to Mabry & Markham to characterize proanthocyanidins and to Waterman to quantify total phenols and total and condensed tannins. According to foliar developement, variations in polyphenol content could be found: production of all anayzed compounds were signifcatively higher in younger than in older leaves. This result is specially relevant, because the species is employed in primary health assistance and variations in polyphenol content could change the pharmacological properties.
Measurements of electron energy distributions in a 14 cm diameter ring cusp ion thruster

This paper describes electron energy distributions measured in the discharge chamber of a 14 cm ring cusp xenon ion thruster. The electron energy distributions were acquired by processing Langmuir probe characteristics measured at more than twenty points in the discharge chamber. The results show that a narrow electron beam is emitted from the hollow cathode and flows along the center line of the discharge chamber. The energies of the beam electrons (or primary electrons) are far from mono-energetic and their density is higher than that of the thermalized or Maxwellian electrons near the hollow cathode. The electron beam abruptly spreads in the downstream region of the discharge chamber, however, a small fraction of these electrons have energies greater than that associated with the cathode-to-plasma potential difference and they are able to reach the screen grid which is held at cathode potential. Many ions, which appear to be produced in the electron beam, concentrate near the center line of the discharge chamber. 7 refs.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF KNI-272, A POTENT INHIBITOR OF HIV-1 PROTEASE : ON THE MECHANISM OF PREORGANIZATION

The compound KNI-272 is a potent, peptide-like inhibitor of HIV protease. Its conformation when complexed with the protease is close to that which it assumes in its single-molecule crystal. This observation led to the suggestion that KNI-272 gains affinity by being preorganized for binding. On the other hand, one might well expect KNI-272 to be flexible because it possesses 15 rotatable bonds. Moreover, a recent ab initio study of KNI-272 suggests that it is not preorganized because its bound conformation is strained. Here, we use a novel algorithm to study the conformational distribution of this inhibitor. The results show good agreement with a recent NMR analysis of KNI-272 in solution. The calculations indicate that KNI-272 in solution occupies three major conformations, one of which matches the bound conformation and the NMR structure. In addition, the thioproline amide bond tends to be in the trans conformation found in the complex of KNI-272 with HIV protease. Further calculations on hypothetical an.
Mechanism of Chemical Bath Deposition of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films in the Ammonia‐Thiourea System In Situ Kinetic Study and Modelization

The mechanism of chemical bath deposition of cadmium sulfide thin films from the ammonia‐thiourea system is studied in situ by means of quartz crystal microbalance technique (QCM). The influence of reaction parameters (concentration of reactants, pH, anions, temperature, stirring rate) is determined. The growth is thermally activated with an activation energy of about 85 kJ/mol, which probably corresponds to a chemical step related to the decomposition of thiourea. The results are well interpreted by assuming an atom‐by‐atom growth mechanism. A model is presented, which fits most of the experimental results quantitatively. It involves two or three rate‐limiting surface steps, the formation of taking place via a surface complex between thiourea and cadmium hydroxide. Analytical expressions are given, allowing prediction of the rate under various conditions in this system.
Image Noise Removal Techniques – A Personal Perspective and Assessment

: Image noise removal has become an important research direction in the field of computer science because of the vast development and peaking demand of its applications. Noise, the most common degrading factor, affects the visibility of the images and makes them unclear. Noise which is also called as an unwanted electrical or electromagnetic energy that degrades the quality of signals and data. Attenuation deteriorates the scene contrast and air light increases the whiteness in the scene. Therefore, the removal of attenuation and airlight helps to restore the color and contrast of the images, making them haze-free. Different works have been proposed till date inorder to filter out noise from images. This paper analyses the different image noise removal techniques. The different techniques, along with their merits and demerits are discussed.
High emission power and Q factor in spin torque vortex oscillator consisting of FeB free layer

Microwave oscillation properties of spin torque vortex oscillators (STVOs) consisting of an FeB vortex free layer were investigated. Because of a high MR ratio and large DC current, a high emission power up to 3.6 µW was attained in the STVO with a thin FeB free layer of 3 nm. In STOs with a thicker FeB layer, e.g., 10 nm thick, we obtained a large Q factor greater than 6400 while maintaining a large integrated emission power of 1.4 µW. Such excellent microwave performance is a breakthrough for the mutual phase locking of STVOs by electrical coupling.
Efficient Route to Compact Single-Chain Nanoparticles: Photoactivated Synthesis via Thiol–Yne Coupling Reaction

We report a new strategy for the rapid, efficient synthesis of single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) having a nearly globular morphology in solution, by employing photoactivated radical-mediated thiol–yne coupling (TYC) reaction as the driving force for chain folding/collapse. Confirmation of SCNP formation was carried out by means of a combination of complementary experimental techniques. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed a considerable degree of compaction of the resulting SCNPs. This finding was confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The analysis of the scattering form factors provided by SAXS revealed a scaling exponent ν ≈ 0.37 for the dependence of the SCNP size on its molecular weight. This value is close to that expected for globular objects, ν = 1/3, and much smaller than the usual observation (ν ≈ 0.5) for SCNPs synthesized with most of the state-of-the-art techniques, which instead s.
Controlled polymerizations of 2-(dialkylamino)ethyl methacrylates and their block copolymers in protic solvents at ambient temperature via ATRP

Very well-controlled polymerizations of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) in aqueous and methanolic solutions via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) at ambient temperature were demonstrated. Poly(DMAEMA) and poly(DEAEMA) of low polydispersity index (PDI) of ∼1.07 were obtained using the p-toluenesulfonyl chloride/CuCl/1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyl-triethylenetetramine (p-TsCl/CuCl/HMTETA) system. Excellent control of polymerization was achieved even in pure methanol. This is in contrast with the very poor control of DMAEMA ATRP in methanol reported previously using a different intiator/catalyst/ligand system. The initiator p-TsCl underwent hydrolysis reaction in aqueous methanolic solutions with a second-order rate constant of 6.1 × 10−4 dm3 mol−1 s−1 at 25 °C. Both poly(DMAEMA) and poly(DEAEMA) retained almost full chlorine-functionization at the chain ends. Well-defined block copolymers of DEAEMA and DMAEMA were successfully obtained by starting with either macroinitiators of DEAEMA or DMAEMA. Other well-defined diblock copolymers could be prepared using these macroinitiators. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5161–5169, 2004
High School Completion in Context: Student- and School-Level Factors Related to On-Time Graduation

Background/Context There is an expansive body of research concerning high school graduation; however, most studies omit students who persist through four years of high school without earning a diploma. In addition, there is scant research exploring longer term outcomes among students whose academic trajectories do not fit within the traditional four-year model of high school graduation, including eventual graduation, postsecondary enrollment, or engagement in the workforce. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study The current study addresses the substantive gaps in research regarding high school noncompletion by examining the college and workforce outcomes of persisters—defined here as students who do not formally withdraw from high school, nor earn a regular diploma, four years after entering high school as a first-time ninth grader. Research Design The present study accessed five years of linked, longitudinal, student-level administrative data from the Maryland Longitudinal Data System. Multilevel models assessed the relationship between student- and school-level factors with the odds of students earning a high school diploma four years after beginning their freshman year. Independent variables included student-level demographic and academic indicators and school-level concentrations of student characteristics. Conclusions/Recommendations This study offers a first look into the academic and employment trajectories of an understudied and high-risk group of young adults. The multilevel examination of student- and school-level factors indicated that on-time graduation for four-year persisters should be understood as a function of students within their academic environment. Overall, persisters had less favorable college and workforce outcomes when compared with students who earned a high school diploma, suggesting the need for interventions that promote college and workforce readiness across the population of persisters. The findings presented herein suggest that the phenomenon of persisting should be considered, along with dropout, as a critical element of a more informed analysis of high school graduation. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions

The anatomy and chemistry of wood are described in detail, and with extensive reference to the literature, under the following headings: Introduction; Structure and ultrastructure; Chemical composition and analysis of wood; Cellulose; Polyoses (hemicelluloses); Lignin; Extractives; Distribution of the components within the wood cell wall; Constituents of bark; Reactions in acidic medium; Reactions in alkaline medium; Influence of temperature; Degradation by light and ionizing rays; Microbial and enzymatic degradation; Aging and fossilization; Pulping processes; Derivatives of cellulose; and Utilization of wood and wood components for chemicals and energy. -- AATA
Experimental and numerical analysis of oxy‐fuel combustion in a porous plate reactor

The present work focuses on studying experimentally and numerically the oxy‐fuel combustion characteristics inside a porous plate reactor towards the application of oxy‐combustion carbon capture technology. Initially, non‐reactive flow experiments are performed to analyze the permeation rate of oxygen in order to obtain the desired stoichiometric ratios. A numerical model is developed for non‐reactive and reactive flow cases. The model is validated against the presently recorded experimental data for the non‐reacting flow cases, and it is validated against the available literature data for oxy‐fuel combustion for the reacting flow cases. A modified two‐step oxy‐combustion reaction kinetics model for methane is implemented in the present model. Simulations are performed over wide range of operating oxidizer ratios (O2/CO2 ratio), from OR = 0.2 to OR = 0.4, and over wide range of equivalence ratios, from φ = 0.7 to φ = 1.0. The flame length was decreased as a result of the increase of the oxidizer ratio. Effects of CO2 recirculation amount on the oxy‐combustion flame stability are examined. A reduction in combustion temperature and increase in flame fluctuations are encountered while increasing CO2 concentration inside the reactor. At high equivalence ratio, the combustion temperature and flame stability are improved. At low equivalence ratio, the flame length is increased, and the flame was moved towards the reactor center line. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pseudo constant power times speed operation in the field weakening region of IPM synchronous machines

Interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines have been known to have good field weakening characteristics and extended operating speed range over the surface mounted PM designs. Due to the constraints of some applications and the associated designs, there is a class of IPM synchronous machines which has characteristics current, X/sub PM//L/sub d/, less than its peak current rating. Previous works have revealed that this type of IPM machine has limited range of constant power operation. However, not much work has been reported regarding the determination of the range and the nature of operations beyond the constant power operations. This paper presents criteria to determine the speed range of constant peak power operations and introduces a term, base power speed, to represent the corner point where constant power operation ceases. A concept of "pseudo constant power times speed operation" is introduced to describe the operations beyond constant power region. Good agreement is obtained between the simulation and experiment results done on a prototype IPM synchronous machine. Results presented in this paper are expected to help the understanding of IPM synchronous machine operations in the field weakening region.
Estimation of the directional distribution of spatial fibre processes using stereology and confocal scanning laser microscopy

Fibrous structures like polymers, glass fibres, muscle fibres and capillaries are important components of materials and tissues. A spatial fibre process is the union of smoothly curved or linear one‐dimensional features of finite length, arranged in an unbounded three‐dimensional reference space according to some random mechanism. Design‐based stereology was combined with confocal scanning laser microscopy to study samples of fibre‐reinforced composites, which were considered as realizations of not necessarily isotropic fibre processes. The methods enable the unbiased estimation of the intensity and of the directional distribution of spatial fibre processes from arbitrarily directed pairs of registered parallel optical sections a known distance apart. The directions of fibres sampled by a frame of observation on the reference plane are estimated from the coordinates of the intersection points of the fibres with both optical planes using confocal scanning laser microscopy. The true directional distribution of the fibre process is estimated by weighting each measured direction by the reciprocal of its chance of being sampled, which can be inferred from the data. The concept of complete directional randomness for uniformly and independently distributed spatial directions is introduced. The cumulative distribution function of the angular distances between different directions and other exact relations are derived for complete randomness of vectorial and axial directions. A Monte Carlo method is constructed to test spatial fibre processes, whose fibres have negligibly small curvature, for complete directional randomness. Confocal scanning laser microscopy was used to study the angular distribution of glass fibres in a polymer composite which was subjected to increasing hydrostatic extrusion. The hypothesis of complete directional randomness had to be rejected for all samples with 1% probability of error. The directional distribution was of the bipolar type, with the principal axis directed parallel to the axis of extrusion. Progressive stretching of the material increased the degree of anisotropy of the glass fibres. Although presented for an application in polymer physics, the methods are general and may also be applied in biological investigations.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of aluminum‐boron codoping of silicon

We present a detailed study on aluminum‐boron codoping of silicon by alloying from screen‐printed aluminum pastes containing boron additives (Al–B pastes). We derive an analytical model for the formation of the Al–B acceptor profiles by quantitatively describing (i) the composition of the Al–B–Si melt and (ii) the incorporation of Al and B acceptor atoms into the recrystallizing Si lattice. We show that measured Al–B dopant profiles can be excellently described by this model, which therefore offers a straightforward method for the comprehensive investigation of alloying from Al–B pastes. The formation of a characteristic kink in the Al–B dopant profile curve can thus be ascribed to the exhaustion of the B additive dissolution during alloying. By intentionally adding elemental B powder to an Al paste, we demonstrate that only a low percentage of the B powder actually dissolves into the melt. We show that this incomplete dissolution of the B additive strongly affects the recombination characteristics of Al–B–p+ regions and, thus, is an important element of alloying from Al–B pastes. This study therefore provides improved understanding of aluminum‐boron codoping of silicon. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Should My Car Move or Should I? A Model of Residential and Commuting Choices

Urban communities across the country are implementing policies to address their ever increasing commuter congestion. These policies are relatively new and vary from city to city, so not much is known about their full effects. In order to evaluate different congestion reduction policies, I develop a discrete choice structural model of the joint decision of family residence and individual commuting mode, as well as the individual’s resulting commute time, given the characteristics of the housing market and transportation system. I estimate the model using individual-level, restricted-access data from the American Community Survey (ACS) and a unique dataset of individual commute options and characteristics that I create using geographic information system (GIS) network analysis. I use model estimates to simulate the effects of transportation policies that alter the financial and time costs of commuting such as congestion pricing schemes, fuel or carbon taxes, and increased parking fees. JEL Codes: Q52, R21, R41, and R48