Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation and control of aspergillosis and other filamentous fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients

Filamentous fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant patients, and prevention is warranted whenever possible. An increase in invasive aspergillosis was detected among solid organ transplant recipients in our institution during 1991–92. Rates of Aspergillus infection (18.2%) and infection or colonization (42%) were particularly high among lung transplant recipients. Epidemiologic investigation revealed cases to be both nosocomial and community‐acquired, and preventative efforts were directed at both sources. Environmental controls were implemented in the hospital, and itraconazole prophylaxis was given in the early period after lung transplantation. The rate of Aspergillus infection in solid organ transplant recipients decreased from 9.4% to 1.5%, and mortality associated with this disease decreased from 8.2% to 1.8%. The rate of Aspergillus infection or colonization among lung transplant recipients decreased from 42% to 22.5%; nosocomial Aspergillus infection decreased from 9% to 3.2%. Cases of aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients were more likely to be early infections in the pre‐intervention period. Early mortality in lung transplant recipients decreased from 15% to 3.2%. Two cases of dematiaceous fungal infection were detected, and no further cases occurred after environmental controls. The use of environmental measures that resulted in a decrease in airborne fungal spores, as well as antifungal prophylaxis, was associated with a decrease in aspergillosis and associated mortality in these patients. Ongoing surveillance and continuing intervention is needed for prevention of infection in high‐risk solid organ transplant patients.
Failed attempts and improvement strategies in peripheral intravenous catheterization.

BACKGROUND Access to peripheral veins is necessary for sample collection, transfusion and infusion of fluids or medications. The peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIVC) procedure is the introduction of a short catheter into a peripheral vein and can be problematic, leading to multiple failed attempts. PURPOSE To analyze scientific literature regarding difficulties in establishing peripheral intravenous access and improvement strategies. METHOD A literature search was undertaken and secondary references were retrieved from the papers obtained from the initial search. A total of 128 papers published from 1975 to 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS The first attempt of PIVC fails in 12-26% of adults and 24-54% of children. Factors associated with the currently utilized PIVC success include: (1) patient's characteristics such as age, gender, race, weight/BMI, co-existing medical conditions and skin/vein characteristics, (2) procedure related factors such as the insertion site and catheter caliber, and (3) the operator's expertise. Strategies to improve PIVC success include: (1) bedside techniques such as venodilation, vascular visualization and vein entry indication, (2) pain management and (3) engagement of expert health care providers. CONCLUSION Bedside techniques have shown more improvement in PIVC success rates as opposed to pain management. Expert health care providers have shown higher performance levels with regard to the difficult cases of PIVC.
Personal Information Disclosure and Privacy in Social Networking Sites

Social networking sites (SNSs) have revolutionized traditional information-sharing methods. They are mostly built on an individual’s offline social circle and they provide users with a wide variety of virtual interaction mechanisms. Such sites and applications have become important communication platforms that are integrated into the daily life of many users. However, they have also blurred the line between users’ offline and online lives and created the illusion of familiarity and intimacy over the web, which may have resulted in the sharing of a significant amount of personal information that users might have preferred to remain private. The technology of social networks is a double-edged sword. Although it can provide great benefits to its users, it comes with a huge price and responsibility: users’ privacy. SNSs users are not just the source of information; they are also the targets. They leave digital footprints during their visits to those websites and mobile applications, where privacy breaches and identity theft cases are increasing at an alarming rate. Users are vulnerable to privacy breaches from many different entities. They can come from SNSs service providers, third party applications, other users from SNSs users’ social networks, or other malicious attackers. However, privacy protection responsibility lies primarily with the individual user and often depends on users’ levels of personal information disclosure and knowledge of protection methods. The sharing of personal and identifying details such as gender, age, education, location, address and other personal information such as personal and family photographs can assist in establishing an identity that can be easily stolen and used by criminals. Identity theft criminals exploit the lack of awareness of SNSs users to gather personal information that has been freely supplied by the user. The purpose of this research is to assess the intensity of this problem by identifying SNSs users’ personal information disclosure levels, the kinds of information that they reveal, the degree to which they expose personal information to the public, the privacy settings they apply and their level of knowledge and awareness about how their information is protected by SNSs service providers. In addition, this research studied the effects of gender, age, education, and level of privacy concern on the amount and kind of personal information disclosure and privacy settings applied. Two methods of data collection were used. Firstly and primarily, an online survey was used to collect
Afferent fibers supplying the uterus in the rat.

1. In the present three-part study electrophysiological techniques were used to characterize responses of afferent fibers in the rat hypogastric nerve to mechanical or chemical stimulation of the uterus, and anatomical techniques were used to identify the spinal segments through which uterine afferent fibers enter the spinal cord. 2. In an in vivo barbiturate-anesthetized preparation, hypogastric afferent fibers responded in a time-locked manner to mechanical stimulation confined to restricted regions of the uterus and adjacent ligament. Receptive fields were most often located on the uterine body, particularly over the cervix. The few located on the uterine horn were usually near regions irritated during preparative surgery. Effective mechanical stimuli (pressure, stretching, squeezing, probing, rarely contractions) were typically greater than 5 g and simultaneously accompanied by transient ischemia around the probe or contracted area. Distension, unless extreme, was not an effective stimulus. Retrospective analysis of the data indicated that fibers may be more sensitive to uterine stimulation when rats are in vaginal estrus/proestrus than in diestrus/metestrus. 3. In an in vitro preparation, hypogastric afferent fibers responded in a dose-dependent fashion to injections into the uterine artery of the algesic chemicals bradykinin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and KCl. They also responded to high doses of CO2 (in saline) and NaCN, but rarely to lower doses. Nearly all fibers responded to more than one chemical with response characteristics unique to each chemical (e.g., latency, duration, peak rate). 4. Injections of horseradish peroxidase into the uterine body and small portions of the adjacent horns in rats in vaginal estrus consistently labeled a small number of cells in the L1-S1 dorsal root ganglia, with peaks at L2 and L6. Virtually no cells were labeled in rats whose estrous cycle had been disrupted (by inadvertently keeping them in constant light conditions for several weeks). 5. These results indicate that uterine afferent fibers travel to the central nervous system through both the hypogastric (e.g., L1-L4 ganglia) and pelvic (e.g., L5-S1 ganglia) nerves in the rat, and that hypogastric fibers are capable of conveying fairly precise information about temporal and spatial aspects of uterine mechanical and chemical stimulation. The results also encourage future research into the possibility that the responses of these fibers vary as a function of estrous stage or other aspects of the condition of the uterus (e.g., its irritation). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Quality of commercially produced Shigella serogrouping and serotyping antisera

Shigella grouping antisera from five manufacturers and typing antisera from two were purchased and evaluated with homologous and heterologous Shigella strains in the slide agglutination test. Only 31 of 73 (42%) antisera were satisfactory. In many instances, the antisera gave negative, as opposed to weak, reactions when they should have given strong positive reactions. Four reagents cross-reacted with Shigella strains. Of the 19 polyvalent grouping antisera to subgroups Shigella dysenteriae serotypes 1 through 7, S. flexneri serotypes 1 through 6, S. boydii serotypes 1 through 7, and S. sonnei forms I, II, only one S. sonnei reagent and five S. flexneri reagents were satisfactory with greater than or equal to 90% of the homologous strains. The reagent of poorest quality was satisfactory with only 18% of the homologous strains. There were three polyvalent antisera to the higher types of S. dysenteriae and S. boydii, which were available from only one company, that adequately identified 80, 63, and 65% of the homologous strains. Typing antisera were available from only two companies, and 30 of 51 (59%) were satisfactory. Commercially available Shigella antisera are inadequate for the laboratory testing required for planning the development of and evaluating Shigella vaccines.
Tackle mechanisms and match characteristics in women’s elite football tournaments

Background: Several tools have been used for assessing risk situations and for gathering tackle information from international football matches for men but not for women. Purpose: To analyse activities in women’s football and to identify the characteristics and risk potentials of tackles. Study design: Retrospective video analysis. Method: Video recordings of 24 representative matches from six women’s top-level tournaments were analysed for tackle parameters and their risk potential. Results: 3531 tackles were recorded. Tackles in which the tackling player came from the side and stayed on her feet accounted for nearly half of all challenges for the ball in which body contact occurred. 2.7% of all tackles were classified as risk situations, with sliding-in tackles from behind and the side having the highest risk potential. Match referees sanctioned sliding-in tackles more often than other tackles (20% v 17%, respectively). Tackle parameters did not change in the duration of a match; however, there was an increase in the number of injury risk situations and foul plays towards the end of each half. Conclusions: Match properties provide valuable information for a better understanding of injury situations in football. Staying on feet and jumping vertically tackle actions leading to injury were sanctioned significantly more times by the referee than those not leading to injury (p<0.001), but no such difference was seen for sliding-in tackles (previously reported to have the highest injury potential in women’s football). Therefore, either the laws of the game are not adequate or match referees in women’s football are not able to distinguish between sliding-in tackles leading to and those not leading to injury.
Integrin Functions Play a Key Role in the Differentiation of Thymocytes In Vivo1

T cells express a variety of surface proteins as they develop to maturity in the thymus. In addition to the TCR-CD3 complex and the two major coreceptors, CD4 and CD8, other surface proteins expressed include receptors for cytokines, growth factors, counterreceptors, and extracellular matrix molecules. To determine the role of integrin adhesion receptors in T cell development, we have expressed a trans-dominant inhibitor of integrin function in the thymus. This inhibitor leads to a block of adhesion to fibronectin due to reduced activation of integrin receptors. This reduced adhesion leads to a partial block in differentiation from CD4−CD8− cells to CD4+CD8+ cells, after the CD25+ stage, suggesting that integrins are important during Lck-mediated differentiation. Furthermore, the overall production of CD4+ cells is reduced compared with that of CD8+ cells without changes in negative selection, suggesting that integrins may be involved in the determination of the fate of the cell as well. These results demonstrate that integrin receptor function is required for proper thymocyte development in vivo.
Determinants of value relevance of accounting information: comparative analysis for listed companies from South East Europe

In this paper authors analyzed determinates of the value relevance of accounting information on the sample of 97 listed companies from Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia & Herzegovina. More precisely, authors tried to determine which corporate governance and macro environmental factors explain observed differences in the value relevance between countries. Namely, although all previously mentioned countries are characterized by the same legal and corporate governance systems, empirical analysis has revealed significant differences in the value relevance of accounting information. Results show that it is possible to distinguish companies that belong into group of countries with lower value relevance from those that belong into group of countries with higher value relevance on the basis of the following variables: ownership concentration, audit quality, leverage, size of supervisory and management board and investor rights.
CALCULATING THE COST OF TURNOVER AT 5-STAR HOTELS IN TURKEY BETWEEN 2000 AND 2016

The hospitality industry inherently involves high levels of staff-customer interactions and high turnover rates, which can potentially have a negative effect on the nature of those relationships, increase costs, and lower revenues. This study collects data for seven hotel positions (housekeeper, reservation chief, food & beverage manager, front office manager, accounting clerk, kitchen staff, and technical service manager) from nineteen 5-star hotels in Turkey from 2000 to 2016. The estimated costs in 2016 of turnover for a housekeeper was between 2,179 US$ and 5,475 US$, between 2,009 US$ and 7,221 US$ for a reservation chief, between 8,283 US$ and 29,996 US$ for a food & beverage manager, and between 11,555 US$ and 24,391 US$ for a front office manager. The paper also discusses the implications of these findings.
The Impact of Financial Crisis of 2007 to 14 on the Australian Financial Firms

The purpose of this paper is to apply the new test of financial market contagion to test for equity markets in Australian domestic financial firms during the global financial crisis of 2007 to 14. The new approach of contagion is developed by Fry-McKibbin, Hsiao and Martin (2017) and this test is named as a joint test. This new test can be identified the transmission channels of financial contagion through joint comoments of correlation, cross-market skewness (co-skewness), cross-market kurtosis (co-kurtosis) and cross-market volatility (co-volatility) of the distribution of the asset returns. The proposed test is applied to investigate the Australian financial companies' contagion in equity markets during the global financial crisis of 2007 to 14. The results reveal that the joint test (JT test) statistic provides the evidence of contagion from the US banking sector to all of the Australian financial firms during the financial crisis of 2007 to 14. Keywords— Contagion; Joint Test; Global Financial Crisis
MARKETING EMPREENDEDOR E VANTAGEM COMPETITIVA: ANALISANDO AS INFLUÊNCIAS DOS STAKEHOLDERS EM ESCOLAS DE FUTEBOL

The generation of competitive advantage i s a big difference that exists nowadays for a company's success relative to its competitors . In SMES owners/managers don't always have some kind of knowledge about the segmentation of the company or has financial resources and marketing strategies. Entrepreneurial strategies and marketing actions are necessary to get a differential innovative services and leverage of the company. At a time when people are increasingly accessing information and increasingly different needs in the search for services, if necessary that the SMES mee t its stakeholders that influence directly in the company. In the world of sports business the si tuation is no different. The present study aimed to diagnose, trace an overview and discuss, f rom the detection of the main stakeholders of two football schools, whether the ME appears as a strategy of competitive advantage for SMES connected to the sport, and if the strategic a ctions seek to meet customer expectations and consequent customer loyalty. This is an explora tory study by case and document a systematic scientific analysis. It was diagnosed th at e soccer school franchise B works in order to better meet the expectations and needs of it stakeholders compared to school, with greater focus on the customer, offering a superior quality product to its external stakeholders. These practices, using networks of relationships be twe n stakeholders in both football schools pegged ME strategies, this appears as a tool to mee t th needs of segmentation of linked to
Measuring Scientific Misconduct - Lessons from Criminology

This article draws on research traditions and insights from Criminology to elaborate on the problems associated with current practices of measuring scientific misconduct. Analyses of the number of retracted articles are shown to suffer from the fact that the distinct processes of misconduct, detection, punishment, and publication of a retraction notice, all contribute to the number of retractions and, hence, will result in biased estimates. Self-report measures, as well as analyses of retractions, are additionally affected by the absence of a consistent definition of misconduct. This problem of definition is addressed further as stemming from a lack of generally valid definitions both on the level of measuring misconduct and on the level of scientific practice itself. Because science is an innovative and ever-changing endeavor, the meaning of misbehavior is permanently shifting and frequently readdressed and renegotiated within the scientific community. Quantitative approaches (i.e., statistics) alone, thus, are hardly able to accurately portray this dynamic phenomenon. It is argued that more research on the different processes and definitions associated with misconduct and its detection and sanctions is needed. The existing quantitative approaches need to be supported by qualitative research better suited to address and uncover processes of negotiation and definition.
Nck Recruitment to Eph Receptor, EphB1/ELK, Couples Ligand Activation to c-Jun Kinase*

Eph family receptor tyrosine kinases signal axonal guidance, neuronal bundling, and angiogenesis; yet the signaling systems that couple these receptors to targeting and cell-cell assembly responses are incompletely defined. Functional links to regulators of cytoskeletal structure are anticipated based on receptor mediated cell-cell aggregation and migratory responses. We used two-hybrid interaction cloning to identify EphB1-interactive proteins. Six independent cDNAs encoding the SH2 domain of the adapter protein, Nck, were recovered in a screen of a murine embryonic library. We mapped the EphB1 subdomain that binds Nck and itsDrosophila homologue, DOCK, to the juxtamembrane region. Within this subdomain, Tyr594 was required for Nck binding. In P19 embryonal carcinoma cells, activation of EphB1 (ELK) by its ligand, ephrin-B1/Fc, recruited Nck to native receptor complexes and activated c-Jun kinase (JNK/SAPK). Transient overexpression of mutant EphB1 receptors (Y594F) blocked Nck recruitment to EphB1, attenuated downstream JNK activation, and blocked cell attachment responses. These findings identify Nck as an important intermediary linking EphB1 signaling to JNK.
Research on advanced anti — Interference measures in ground wave detection technology

When the PD occurs, the charge moves rapidly, producing high-frequency currents while also radiating electromagnetic waves. While the switchgear is a metal closed structure, but also make a partial discharge signal to produce multiple reflections. Usually there is a gap in the surface of the switchgear, electromagnetic waves can leak through the gap to continue in the air and switch cabinet surface propagation. TEV detection is based on this principle. However, when there is interference outside, the interference of electromagnetic waves can also be coupled to the switchgear surface, affecting the partial discharge pulse of the correct assessment. Based on this, the project uses the finite element method to study the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave on the surface and the gap of the switchgear, and provides theoretical guidance for the research on the anti-jamming measures of the partial discharge detection of the switchgear.
Heterogeneous modelling of an optical network-on-chip with SystemC

This paper presents a heterogeneous model of an optical network-on chip (ONoC). An ONoC is an optical interconnect architecture integrated on a system-on-chip, and is intended to replace traditional electrical networks-on-chip (NoC) to overcome their future bandwidth limitations. To evaluate the advantages of a technological implementation of an ONoC, it is necessary to model its behavior and to realize a virtual prototype to estimate its power, latency, area, bandwidth, and subsequently to compare these parameters with the performance of a classical NoC. To model the ONoC at a high abstraction level, a rich system-level design language is used (SystemC). A bottom-up approach is used for the high level ONoC model description, and the performance values used at this level are extracted from the physical level with specific tools and models.