Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DWT-SATS Based Detection of Image Region Cloning

— A duplicated image region may be subjected to a number of attacks such as noise addition, compression, reflection, rotation, and scaling with the intention of either merely mating it to its targeted neighborhood or preventing its detection. In this paper, we present an effective and robust method of detecting duplicated regions inclusive of those affected by the various attacks. In order to reduce the dimension of the image, the proposed algorithm firstly performs discrete wavelet transform, DWT, of a suspicious image. However, unlike most existing copy move image forgery (CMIF) detection algorithms operating in the DWT domain which extract only the low frequency subband of the DWT of the suspicious image thereby leaving valuable information in the other three subbands, the proposed algorithm simultaneously extracts features from all the four subbands. The extracted features are not only more accurate representation of image regions but also robust to additive noise, JPEG compression, and affine transformation. Furthermore, principal component analysis-eigenvalue decomposition, PCA-EVD, is applied to reduce the dimension of the features. The extracted features are then sorted using the more computationally efficient Radix Sort algorithm. Finally, same affine transformation selection, SATS, a duplication verification method, is applied to detect duplicated regions. The proposed algorithm is not only fast but also more robust to attacks compared to the related CMIF detection algorithms. The experimental results show high detection rates.
Cascaded Elastically Progressive Model for Accurate Face Alignment

While recently published face alignment algorithms mainly focused on occlusion, low image quality, and complex head poses, subtle variances of facial components were often overlooked. In this correspondence paper, we propose a new approach called cascaded elastically progressive model aiming for pixel-wise landmark localization. First of all, elastically progressive model (EPM) is designed to synthesize the prior knowledge of face shape and appearance of test image. More specifically, a novel framework referred to as inherent linear structure (ILS) is explored for capturing the characteristics of the shape, which is more plastic and flexible than extensively used principle component analysis-based modeling. A locally linear support vector machine (LL-SVM) is used as local expert for searching candidate feature points. In order to optimally integrate ILS with localization results of LL-SVM, we introduce Kalman filter (KF) to dynamically estimate the true shape in the sense of least mean square error. Two schemes are utilized based on our modeling of KF. First, we embedded heuristic line-like search strategy into the framework to guarantee and accelerate the convergence. Second, Kalman gain is manipulated adaptively in accordance with the confidence of the localizers so that poorly localized points are more subject to global constraint than well localized ones. To further improve robustness to initializations, two EPMs are cascaded, in which primary EPM detects the global structure and secondary EPM captures the details. Validation experiments are conducted on in-the-wild LFPW and HELEN databases. Our method shows advantages for accurate landmark localization compared with prevailing methods.
Organizational Culture

1. Artifacts: These are visible components of culture, they are easy to formulate, have some physical shape, yet its perception varies from one individual to another. 1. Rituals and ceremonies: New hire trainings, new hire welcome lunches, annual corporate conferences, awards, offsite meetings and trainings are few examples of most common rituals and ceremonies. 2. Symbols & Slogans: These are high level abstraction of the culture; they effectively summarize organization’s intrinsic behavior. Symbols are rituals, awards or incentives that symbolize preferred behavior; “employee of the month” is one such example of a symbol. Slogans are linguistic phrases that are intended for the same reason, “customer first” is an example of corporate slogan. 3. Stories: These are narratives based on true events, but often exaggerated as it told from old to new employees. The stories of the organization’s founders or other dominant leaders are the most common ones, the challenges they had faced and how they dealt with those hurdles etc. In some form, these are stories of the organization’s heroes, employees relate the current system due to events that had happened in the past and stories are the medium that carries the legacies.
Roles of TolC-Dependent Multidrug Transporters of Escherichia coli in Resistance to β-Lactams

ABSTRACT AcrAB exports some β-lactam antibiotics in the periplasm out of cells via an outer-membrane channel, TolC. It has been reported that eight drug transporters in Escherichia coli cooperate with TolC. In this study, the roles of the drug exporters of E. coli in β-lactam resistance were examined. We found that five of five resistance-nodulation-cell division-type drug exporters confer β-lactam antibiotic resistance, while no other drug exporters confer any β-lactam resistance even when they cooperate with TolC.
A systematic review on reminder systems in physical therapy

Background: The main goal of physical therapy is to help the patient gain a better health status. Several studies have investigated the use of reminders to prevent such failures on the patients’ side. This article presents a systematic review of the literature concerning reminders in physical therapy. Methods: Databases were searched until May 2017 and literatures were found from April 1992 until 2017. The literature recruitment strategy was based on applying several keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) combination running against title and abstract, including concepts such as reminder, physical therapy. The finally selected articles were categorized through reminder aspects such as how, who feedback. Data were extracted according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: In 47% of studies, the reminder was sent to the patients, 29% to the physical therapists and 12% to the caretaker team. In 24% of the studies, paper-based letters were main medium for reminders while the rest were various types of media like emails and SMS mobile text messages. 35% of the articles showed positive effects of the reminders. Conclusions: Many reminder methods consisted of SMS, phone calls, letters, emails and notices on the wall were used in physical therapy. Reminders may be used to improve patients' adherence to exercise programs.
Closed Maximality Principles and Generalized Baire Spaces

Given an uncountable regular cardinal κ, we study the structural properties of the class of all sets of functions from κ to κ that are definable over the structure 〈H(κ+),∈〉 by a Σ1-formula with parameters. It is wellknown that many important statements about these classes are not decided by the axioms of ZFC together with large cardinal axioms. In this paper, we present other canonical extensions of ZFC that provide a strong structure theory for these classes. These axioms are variations of the Maximality Principle introduced by Stavi and Väänänen and later rediscovered by Hamkins.
Motor Pattern Changes During Central Compensation of Eyestalk Posture After Unilateral Statolith Removal in Crayfish

Abstract Electromyographic recording was used to study how the activity of the eyestalk motor system is modified during the recovery of eyestalk posture following unilateral statolith removal in crayfish Procambarus clarkii Girard. Intact animals showed bilaterally balanced activity of the muscle 12 (eyecup-up muscle) in the upright body position. Body rolling caused an increase in the muscle activity on the lowered side and a decrease on the lifted side. Unilateral statolith removal caused imbalance in the bilateral muscle activity in the upright body position: the muscle 12 activity decreased tonically on the operated side and increased on the opposite side. Body rolling of the operated animal caused an increase in the muscle activity from the unbalanced level on the lowered side and a decrease on the lifted side. When the operated animal recovered its original symmetrical posture of eyestalks 14 days after operation, the muscle activity was found on both sides to return to the previous level observed before statolith removal, regardless of the post-operative condition in which the animal was maintained. In those animals that did not recover the original eyestalk posture, the unbalanced activity of bilateral muscles that was caused by unilateral statolith removal remained unchanged. The results indicate that the recovery of eyestalk posture is based on restoration of the original activity balance, rather than on fixation of the operation-induced activity imbalance, among bilaterally homologous sets of muscles in the course of central compensation.
SEARCH FOR NEW CASES OF PARENTAL AND SEASONAL INFLUENCES UPON VARIATIONS WITHIN INBRED STRAINS

This monograph has offered extremely interesting material from a wide variety of organisms, including mice, of differences in the nature of offspring attributable to age differences in the mothers producing them. The numerous inbred strains of mice (now more than 100) offer particularly rich material for further search for such characters. Although all of the individuals within one inbred strain have identical heredity (barring a tiny residue of residual heterozygosity or the very rare event of new mutation), and are much more reliably like each other than are random-bred mice, there are variations. That they are nongenic is demonstrable by complete lack of correlation between incidence in parents and offspring. I t is analysis of factors contributing to nongenetic variation that sometimes, but by no means always, discloses examples of the types of maternal influence in which this group is interested. Certain established facts ahout mouse life histories are of importance as a background to these studies. One is that, in the usual mouse colony, a female may have as many as eight litters before she is a year old, by which time her best reproductive period is over. This first litter is usually horn before the female is three months old (average age a t first litters in C3H/Jax mice, 74 days; in C57BL/6, 88.5 days), and thus before she has quite completed growth and perhaps before all of her immunity reactions have been completely developed. Murray1 and Bittner2 demonstrated for the DB-4 and A strains that first litters are smaller than second, third, or fourth, and that litter size drops off after the fourth litter. While the pattern of sequence of litter sizes is not identical for all strains, from recent data on the inbred strains in the inbred nucleus of the Jackson Laboratory it appears to be universally true that the first litter is smaller than the second (FIGURE 1). This small initial litter size is probably always due to a smaller number of eggs ovulated, by the young nonparous ovary, as established for four inbred strains by MacDowell and cow o r k e r ~ . ~ , ~ They found a continually increasing number of corpora lutea with successive pregnancies even up to the 10th. In spite of this, litter size universally decreases in late litters. The only possible conclusion is that the mothers become less efficient in maintaining pregnancy with increasing age and parity. There is evidence of difference between strains in uterine effi~iency,~ and at best it cannot be said that the reproductive efficiency is as high as would be desirable to the investigator. As for factors other than maternal age which can affect the characters of offspring, it is worth recording that, in our colonies a t least, matings are made in equal numbers at all months during the year, and it is thus possible to sort out effects of season of birth and season of birth of parents. While environmental conditions are kept remarkably constant through-
Detection of C5a receptors on human eosinophils and inhibition of eosinophil effector functions by anti‐C5a receptor (CD88) antibodies

Eosinophils and complement activation are reported to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of connective tissue diseases. Depositions of antigens and antigen‐antibody complexes lead to complement activation with the generation of anaphylatoxins, particularly C5a, which is thought to be responsible for the infiltration and activation of eosinophils in the tissue. Previous studies suggested that the eosinophil C5a receptor differs structurally from the receptor expressed on neutrophils. In this study, we investigated the expression and functional properties of C5a receptors on human eosinophils using the C5a receptor monoclonal antibody S5/1 (anti‐CD88 mAb). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the anti‐CD88 mAb bound homogeneously on the surface of human eosinophils from nonatopic healthy donors. In addition, no subpopulations with respect to C5a receptor expression were identified in normodense or hypodense eosinophils of patients with hypereosinophilia. Pre‐incubation of eosinophils with anti‐CD88 specifically inhibited C5a‐induced intracellular calcium concentration transients. C5a‐induced chemotactic activity of eosinophils was significantly inhibited after pre‐incubation of cells with anti‐CD88 mAb in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, anti‐CD88 mAb inhibited dose‐dependently the release of reactive oxygen species by eosinophils following stimulation with C5a. Thus, the human eosinophil C5a receptor is homogeneously expressed on normal eosinophils from healthy donors as well as on hypodense and normodense eosinophil subpopulations from patients with hypereosinophilia. Based on the inhibitory effect of the S5/1 mAb on C5a‐stimulated eosinophil effector functions, we conclude that a single C5a receptor type exists on human eosinophils. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the S5/1 mAb on C5a functions may enable a new experimental approach to the treatment of diseases that have been associated with C5a‐mediated activation.
Using Text Messaging to Assess Adolescents' Health Information Needs: An Ecological Momentary Assessment

Background Use of mobile technology has made a huge impact on communication, access, and information/resource delivery to adolescents. Mobile technology is frequently used by adolescents. Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the health information needs of adolescents in the context of their everyday lives and to assess how they meet their information needs. Methods We gave 60 adolescents smartphones with unlimited text messaging and data for 30 days. Each smartphone had applications related to asthma, obesity, human immunodeficiency virus, and diet preinstalled on the phone. We sent text messages 3 times per week and asked the following questions: (1) What questions did you have about your health today? (2) Where did you look for an answer (mobile device, mobile application, online, friend, book, or parent)? (3) Was your question answered and how? (4) Anything else? Results Our participants ranged from 13-18 years of age, 37 (62%) participants were male and 22 (37%) were female. Of the 60 participants, 71% (42/60) participants identified themselves as Hispanic and 77% (46/60) were frequent users of mobile devices. We had a 90% (1935/2150) response rate to our text messages. Participants sent a total of 1935 text messages in response to the ecological momentary assessment questions. Adolescents sent a total of 421 text messages related to a health information needs, and 516 text messages related to the source of information to the answers of their questions, which were related to parents, friends, online, mobile apps, teachers, or coaches. Conclusions Text messaging technology is a useful tool for assessing adolescents’ health behavior in real-time. Adolescents are willing to use text messaging to report their health information. Findings from this study contribute to the evidence base on addressing the health information needs of adolescents. In particular, attention should be paid to issues related to diet and exercise. These findings may be the harbinger for future obesity prevention programs for adolescents.
A 10-Gb/s −18.8 dBm Sensitivity 5.7 mW Fully-Integrated Optoelectronic Receiver With Avalanche Photodetector in 0.13- $\mu$ m CMOS

Avalanche photodetectors (APDs) improve the sensitivity of optoelectronic (O/E) receivers (RXs) due to their high multiplication gain and responsivity. When implemented monolithically with a CMOS transimpedance amplifier (TIA) on the same chip, they provide further advantages, such as low cost and reduced parasitics. However, APDs require high bias voltages, are sensitive to variations in operating conditions, and have a limited gain-bandwidth product. This paper presents an 850 nm APD implemented in a standard 0.13- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process with a responsivity of 3.92 A/W and a large-signal −3 dB bandwidth of 3.5 GHz. Advantages of on-chip integration with a TIA are described and a noise-canceling active balun following the single-ended TIA is presented. The O/E-RXs front-end achieves a measured sensitivity of −18.8 dBm, the best-reported among 10 Gb/s linear CMOS TIAs operating at 850 nm. The energy/bit is 0.57 pJ/b. An on-chip voltage booster is described and implemented to generate a large APD bias using nominal CMOS voltage supplies. A modified hill-climbing algorithm is also presented that can enable bias stabilization for the voltage booster and the optoelectronic front-end for a complete all-bulk-CMOS implementation.
Multicenter Study of Viral Etiology and Relapse in Hospitalized Children With Bronchiolitis

Background: It is unclear whether the infectious etiology of severe bronchiolitis affects short-term outcomes, such as posthospitalization relapse. We tested the hypothesis that children hospitalized with rhinovirus (RV) bronchiolitis, either as a sole pathogen or in combination with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are at increased risk of relapse. Methods: We performed a 16-center, prospective cohort study of hospitalized children age <2 years with bronchiolitis. During the winters of 2007–2010, researchers collected clinical data and nasopharyngeal aspirates from study participants; the aspirates were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The primary outcome was bronchiolitis relapse (urgent bronchiolitis visit or scheduled visit at which additions to the bronchiolitis medications were made) during the 2 weeks after hospital discharge. Results: Among 1836 enrolled children with 2-week, follow-up data, the median age was 4 months and 60% were male. Overall, 48% had sole RSV infection, 8% had sole RV infection, and 13% had RSV/RV coinfection. Compared with children with sole RSV infection, and adjusting for 10 demographic and clinical characteristics and clustering of patients within hospitals, children with sole RV infection did not differ in their likelihood of relapse (odds ratio: 0.99; 95% confidence interval: 0.52–1.90; P = 0.98), whereas those with RSV/RV coinfection were more likely to have relapse (odds ratio: 1.54; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.30; P = 0.03). Conclusions: In this prospective, multicenter, multiyear study of children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, we found that RSV/RV coinfection was independently associated with a higher likelihood of bronchiolitis relapse. Present data support the concept that the infectious etiology of severe bronchiolitis affects short-term outcomes.
Call me Fei: Chinese-speaking students’ decision whether or not to use English names in classroom interaction

ABSTRACT Unlike other groups of international students, Chinese speakers’ use of English names while studying in English is an established norm. Relatively little discussion of the practice has taken place within recent literature, and less attention still has been paid to the minority of Chinese-speaking students who do not adopt English names. The choice of name used during classroom interaction is, though, both significant and meaningful, symbolising the social and cultural membership a person would like to evoke and impacting on student-teacher relationships. This article reports on a survey into the use of English names by Chinese speakers, which was completed by 330 Chinese-speaking students at UK universities – 255 of whom had adopted English names, 75 of whom had not. Survey responses reveal why and how decisions to/not to adopt English names are made. Interview data is then presented from discussions with eight Chinese-speaking students based in the UK who do not use English names. They explain why and describe their experiences of being a minority among Chinese-speakers studying in English.
Outbreaks of classical swine fever in Great Britain in 1986

Classical swine fever was confirmed in 10 herds in Britain between April 10 and June 25, 1986 and typical acute disease was seen in nine of them. Serological evidence of exposure to classical swine fever virus was found in a further seven herds which, together with another nine, were slaughtered as dangerous contacts. Altogether 7781 pigs in 26 herds were slaughtered at a cost of 450,101 pounds for compensation alone. In order to detect subclinical disease, the majority of traced herds were blood sampled as well as inspected. A total of 119,169 pigs were inspected in 506 herds and 8302 blood samples were collected. Three primary outbreaks were identified, all attributed to the feeding of unprocessed waste food containing imported pig meat products. There was no spread of disease from two of these primary outbreaks.
Transplant Accommodation

Alexandre et al. were the first to report the survival of ABO incompatible kidney allografts despite the return of anti-blood group antibody in the recipient after transplantation (1). In his original series of patients, plasmapharesis and splenectomy were performed prior to transplantation to remove anti-graft antibody and prevent hyperacute rejection. Detectable titers of anti-blood group antibody returned in some individuals but without evidence of humoral rejection. This resistance to antibody-mediated rejection, called ‘accommodation’, has since been observed by others after vascularized transplantation across ABO barriers, into HLA-pre-sensitized recipients and also after experimental xenotransplantation in both concordant and discordant species combinations, including after pig-to-primate transplants.
The complete chloroplast genome of Peganum harmala

Abstract Peganum harmala is the representative species of Peganum mainly growing in saline soils in temperate deserts and Mediterranean regions. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of P. harmala. The genome was 160,068 bp in length with the GC content of 37.5%. The genome encoded 127 genes including 82 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenomic analysis suggested that P. harmala forms a monophyletic group with Nitraria, which supported to divide Peganum and Nitraria from Zygophyllaceae as Nitrariaceae.
OMEGA‐3 FATTY ACIDS AND HYPERTENSION IN HUMANS

1 Population studies and clinical trials provide compelling evidence that omega‐3 (w3) fatty acids have cardioprotective effects. The strongest evidence is from DART and GISSI‐P, two secondary prevention trials in patients with previous myocardial infarctions. Data from these trials support a reduction in ventricular fibrillation as a primary mechanism for the decreased incidence of myocardial infarction. 2 Evidence suggests that w3 fatty acids may also provide protection against stroke, particularly ischaemic stroke. 3 The cardioprotective effects of w3 fatty acids relate to improvements in blood pressure, cardiac function, arterial compliance and vascular function, as well as improved lipid metabolism, antiplatelet and anti‐inflammatory effects. 4 Clinical trials in humans have shown that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have different haemodynamic properties. Docosahexaenoic acid may be more favourable in lowering blood pressure and heart rate, as well as improving vascular function. However, the effects of EPA and DHA may also differ depending on the target population.