Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems Simulation of Detecting Function object for AGV using Computer Vision with Neural Network

The objective of this paper is to simulate the algorithm to detect object for Automated Guide Vehicle (AGV) guidance problem, namely to obstacle avoidance. Currently, the AGV is a transport vehicle widely used in manufacturing factories and plays an important role in the design of material handling system, moving goods to raw materials or finished product to rightful destination that work automatically. This method has been designed for use in security of internal transportation system in order to prevent a collision to the AGVs and the obstacles, which do not know the exact shape, size and color. Such real-time obstacle detection was crucial, we need to classify the obstacles that are real obstacles or fake obstacles. The computer vision with artificial neural networks (ANN) can help the AGV can see and recognize like a human by imitating the functions of the human brain. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for detecting obstacle that work automatically with no human is required. The algorithm is divided in to two parts: First, a preliminary feature extraction stage by using the Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) to extract height objects feature from the actual video images. Second, the recognition and classification of the obstacles that are real obstacles or fake obstacles such as a painting or text on the floor by a feed-forward time delay neural network (TDNN) in sequences of black and white video images taken by an on-board camera, then decide whether to hold or continue to be moved. As a result, this paper presents the simulate the algorithm to detect the obstacles for AGV, which can work to destination are defined and avoided obstacles by computer vision with TDNN as an alternative principle with high accuracy and reliability. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of KES International.
Emploi des déictiques zi et zhi dans les inscriptions Shang

Based on a general typology of reference, this article tries to establish a fundamental distinction between the deictic uses of zi and zhi in the Shang inscriptions. Their uses are not in all cases symmetrical: zi is essentially cataphoric and refers to a locative concept, the text itself or a concrete object, while zhi is anaphoric and is used only for locative reference. The fundamental difference however concerns the space and time localisation with respect to the speaker. Zi refers to the time and the space where the speaker views himself as being, while zhi refers to the time and space which the speaker does not relate to himself.
On the Exploitation of Mid-infrared Iridescence of Plumage for Remote Classification of Nocturnal Migrating Birds

A challenging task in ornithology lies in identifying high-altitude nocturnal migrating bird species and genders. While the current approaches including radar, lunar obscuration, and single-band thermal imaging provide means of detection, a more detailed spectral or polarimetric analysis of light has the potential for retrieval of additional information whereby the species and sex could be determined. In this paper, we explore remote classification opportunities provided by iridescent features within feathers in the mid-infrared region. Our approach first involves characterizing the microstructural features of the feather by using rotation and straining, and a scheme for their remote detection is proposed by correlating these microstructural changes to spectral and polarimetric effects. Furthermore, we simulate the spectral signature of the entire bird by using a model that demonstrates how classification would be achieved. Finally, we apply infrared hyperspectral polarization imaging, showing that the net iridescent effect persists for the bird as a whole.
Estimación iterativa de moviemiento no rígido basada en modelos paramétricos

Resumen. La correspondencia entre estructuras deformables ha atraido gran atencion en los ultimos tiempos dentro del procesado de imagen y sobre todo en el campo medico. Este trabajo propone un metodo que aborda el problema que por naturaleza se encuentra mal condicionado utilizando una funcion de coste de similitud de reducido tamano: la ambiguedad en cada mapa de similitud se describe mediante un modelo parametrico difuso, y finalmente se lleva a cabo una interpolacion difusa y espacialmente no uniforme, para transformar la informacion parametrica en un conjunto de vectores de movimiento. El metodo obtiene la correspondencia espacial entre dos imagenes de forma global y con precision subpixel. Los resultados del metodo en imagenes reales con alta deformacion no lineal prueban la validez de este metodo. La extension al caso volumetrico es tambien posible.
CLIPPERS and the need for long-term immunosuppression

Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Herein, we describe the case of a 62-year-old female who presented with right sided facial tingling, gait ataxia and diplopia. Neuroimaging revealed pontine curvilinear enhancing lesions with extension into cerebellar peduncles, characteristic of CLIPPERS. This report discusses the differential diagnosis and the importance of prolonged immunomodulatory treatment for this rare neuro-inflammatory disorder. Long-term immunosuppression appears to be mandatory in order to achieve sustained remission and prevent disability related to atrophy of the structures involved in repeated attacks.
Adipose tissue expression of the glycerol channel aquaporin-7 gene is altered in severe obesity but not in type 2 diabetes.

CONTEXT Aquaporin-7 is required for efflux of glycerol from adipocytes and influences whole-body glucose homeostasis in animal studies. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to test the hypothesis that AQP7 gene expression levels may be affected by presence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. DESIGN The obesity study cohort consisted of 12 lean, 22 nonseverely obese, and 13 severely obese subjects. The type 2 diabetes study cohort consisted of 17 lean and 39 obese type 2 diabetic patients. Circulating levels of plasma soluble proteins monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, TNF receptors 1 and 2, and IL-6 and glycerol were measured. The sc adipose tissue gene expression of AQP7, MCP-1, IL-6, TNFalpha, PPARgamma, and SREBP1c genes was measured by real-time PCR. AQP7 gene mutation analysis was performed. RESULTS Severely obese women showed lower AQP7 expression levels compared with lean and nonseverely obese (P < 0.001). Moreover, circulating glycerol concentration was lower in severely obese subjects, but no correlation with AQP7 adipose tissue expression was observed. AQP7 expression was negatively related with proinflammatory genes (for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, r = -0.203 and P = 0.044; for TNFalpha, r = -0.209 and P = 0.036). Concerning adipogenic factors, AQP7 expression levels were found to be positively determined by PPARgamma mRNA expression levels (r = 0.265; P = 0.012). AQP7 expression did not show differences regarding the presence of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Expression of AQP7 is down-regulated in women with severe obesity. The expression of this glycerol channel is not affected by type 2 diabetes.
Safe level OUPS for improving target concept learning in imbalanced data sets

Binary or two group classification is made difficult when the groups are skewed or imbalanced. This class imbalance will induce bias into the classifier particularly when the imbalance between both groups is high. Binary class imbalance usually suffers from data intrinsic properties beyond that of class imbalance alone. In this paper we discuss these data intrinsic properties that contribute to degradation of classifier performance in class imbalance data sets and introduce a state of the art pre-processing technique that improves concept learning within class imbalanced data. We perform simulation experiments and compare our technique against other popular techniques as well as combinations that have been used to improve classifier performance for imbalanced data sets. The results of the experiments show that the Safe Level OUPS approach outperforms other techniques in regards to sensitivity measures. We discuss and analyze competing techniques and highlight the pros and cons of using these techniques.
Sex differences in immunity in two species of field crickets

Immune defense often differs between the sexes, with males often having a weaker response, at least among many vertebrates. We examined encapsulation ability, a cell-mediated immune response, in laboratory and field populations of two species of field crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus (Le Guillou, 1841) and Teleogryllus commodus (Walker, 1869), which have different life histories. In the seasonally breeding T. commodus, males show a stronger encapsulation response than females in both the laboratory and the field, although the difference is more marked under field conditions. The aseasonal T. oceanicus showed no sex difference in encapsulation in either field or laboratory samples fed ad libitum, but when food was experimentally reduced, the same pattern of stronger male response emerged. It is possible that this pattern may result from selection on females to increase investment in reproduction when time and energy for breeding are limited, as is more likely for seasonal breeders or animals under food res.
A High PSRR Voltage Reference for High Efficiency Power Management Circuit of MEMS Energy Harvesters

A high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) bandgap voltage reference (BGR) which is used in the signal processing circuit of energy harvesters is presented in this paper. The PSRR of the BGR is improved by adding a pre-regulating circuit and a low pass filter. The pre-regulating circuit mainly improves the BGR PSRR at low frequency and the low pass filter mainly improves the BGR PSRR at high frequency. The BGR is verified by SMIC 0.18 μm1P6M process. The supply voltage is 2.5 Vand the BGR provides a reference voltage of 1.19 V. The simulation results show that the PSRR at 1MHz is about -40 dB and the PSRR at DC region is about -125 dB. Besides, this circuit enhances the line regulation performance. When the supply voltage varies from 2.5 V to 6 V, a stable output voltage can be obtained. The overall current consumption of this design is less than 50 μA under 2.5 V.
Aproximación a un modelo metodológico orientado a los procesos de gestión de conocimiento generadores de valor en organizaciones del sector salud en Colombia

En las organizaciones del sector salud en Colombia, se realizan procedimientos que a pesar de ser homologos entre ellos, no se discriminan ocasionando que no siempre se escoja el que genere mejores resultados, no solo desde el punto de vista medico sino tambien de la direccion que se ejerce en las organizaciones la cual debe estar en funcion de optimizar cualquiera de los procesos propios de la actividad, en este caso, en busca de generacion de valor usando como via la apropiada GC, este documento esta orientado a demostrar que la GC aporta herramientas que permiten desarrollar la aproximacion a un modelo metodologico que procura facilitar la eleccion de procedimientos en salud si se toman los costos asociados como criterios relevantes del analisis, se seleccionaron como instrumento de demostracion a los procesos denominados Traqueostomia Quirurgica y Traqueostomia Percutanea la intension de desarrollar una aproximacion a un modelo metodologico orientado a los procesos de gestion de conocimiento generadores de valor en organizaciones del sector salud en Colombia.
Notational definition-a formal account

In the course of developing a mathematical theory or proof it is a common practice to introduce new notation to represent notation that is previously understood. The author presents a formal account that is intended to model the practice of introducing and using notational (abbreviate) definitions. The aim of this work is a pragmatic one: to provide a framework useful in the design and implementation of secure proof system interfaces which accommodate, as much as possible, conventional mathematical practice. A typed lambda -calculus is used to represent expressions of a given object language. A Delta -equation is introduced to model conventional definition equations. <<ETX>>
An optimization approach for software test data generation: applications of estimation of distribution algorithms and scatter search

Matematicamente, la optimizacion consiste en la minimizacion o maximizacion de una funcion sujeta a un conjunto restricciones sobre sus variables, Por lo tanto, de esta descripcion se pueden reconocer tres elementos clave: la funcion, el conjunto de variables y restricciones, y una estrategia para encontrarlos extremos de la funcion. En lo referente a este ultimo elemento, en los ultimos anos, parte de la comunidad cientifica esta mostrando un interes creciente por los metodos de optimizacion denominados metaheuristicos. Entre estos, dos de las tecnicas mas novedosas son los Algoritmos de Estimacion de Distribuciones (AEDs) y la Busqueda Dispersa (BD). Mientras que los primeros estan basados en la construccion de un modelo probabilistico en cada paso del proceso de busqueda de la solucion optima, los segundos enfatizan el empleo de estrategias. Un aspecto muy importante en el estudio de metodos de optimizacion es su aplicacion a problemas del mundo real. Esto no solo es interesante para demostrar su utilidad, sino tambien para descubrir limitaciones que unicamente se pueden dar en situaciones realistas. Las estrategias de optimizacion se han aplicado hasta el momento en un gran abanico de campos tales como economia, sistemas fisicos, biologia o investigacion operativa, por nombrar algunos. Sin embargo, una disciplina que ha pasado relativamente desapercibida es el testeo de software. El testeo es el principal mecanismo para verificar que el software producido es correcto. Una de las principales tareas del testeo es la generacion de los casos de prueba a utilizar sobre el programa. Esta es una tarea dificil, ya que las entradas de prueba deben adecuarse al tipo de test y sus requerimientos. El problema de la generacion de casos de prueba se puede afrontar desde una perspectiva de optimizacion. La presente tesis recoge resutlados en el desarrollo de aproximaciones basadas en optimizacion para resolver e
Mechanisms of extracellular reactive oxygen species injury to the pulmonary microvasculature.

We investigated the effect of xanthine (X) plus xanthine oxidase (XO) on pulmonary microvascular endothelial permeability in isolated rabbit lungs perfused with Krebs buffer containing bovine serum albumin (5 g/100 ml). Addition of five mU/ml XO and 500 microM X to the perfusate caused a twofold increase in the pulmonary capillary filtration coefficient (Kf,c) 30 min later without increasing the pulmonary capillary pressure. This increase was prevented by allopurinol or catalase but not by superoxide dismutase or dimethyl sulfoxide. Because these data implicated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the injurious agent, we measured its concentration in the perfusate after the addition of X and XO for a 60-min interval. In the absence of lung tissue and albumin, H2O2 increased with time, reaching a concentration of approximately 250 microM by 60 min. If albumin (5 g/100 ml) was added to the perfusate, or in the presence of lung tissue, the corresponding values were 100 microM and less than 10 microM, respectively. To understand the mechanisms of H2O2 scavenging by lung tissue, we added a 250 microM bolus of H2O2 to the lung perfusate. We found that H2O2 was removed rapidly, with a half-life of 0.31 +/- 0.04 (SE) min. This variable was not increased significantly by inhibition of lung catalase activity with sodium azide or inhibition of the lung glutathione redox cycle with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. However, inhibition of both enzymatic systems increased the half-life of H2O2 removal to 0.71 +/- 0.09 (SE) min (P less than 0.05). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A two-state model analysis of the melting of sodium clusters: Insights in the enthalpy-entropy compensation

Experimental melting temperatures and associated latent heats of size-selected sodium clusters are analyzed in the frame of a two-state model of melting. The strong variations of these quantities as a function of size make clusters an excellent benchmark for testing speculative ideas about melting. The relation between cohesive energy of clusters and their latent heat of melting is demonstrated, and a correlation between cohesive energy and vibrational frequency in the solid state is found. It is shown that this relation may throw light on the enthalpy-entropy compensation, which is observed in a variety of systems undergoing a first-order phase transition. A relation is established between the Lindemann melting criterion, the variation of the vibrational frequency with the cohesive energy, and the enthalpy-entropy compensation.
Hospitalists at an Academic Medical Center, Part 2: Guidelines and Suggestions for the Successful Expansion of a Voluntary Pilot Hospitalist Program

Abstract Previously, the authors discussed the successful introduction of a pilot hospitalist program at an academic medical center. Here they examine best practices for the expansion of such a program. Many studies have shown hospitalists to be associated with improvements in hospital quality indicators such as decreased length of stay, but the conditions necessary for the expansion of a hospitalist program have received considerably less attention. The authors review guidelines and empirical evidence from the literature for the successful implementation of hospitalist programs generally and present specific recommendations for a previously described pilot hospitalist program at an academic medical center.
Utilisation des dynamomètres isocinétiques pour la caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques passives du système musculo-articulaire

Les dynamometres isocinetiques sont classiquement utilises pour la mesure des variables caracteristiques du muscle (force, puissance, endurance, etc.), moins d’attention a ete apportee aux possibilites qu’ils offrent de mesurer les proprietes passives du systeme musculoarticulaire (SMA). Ces systemes sont configures de facon i) a mobiliser passivement l’articulation a des vitesses faibles et sur la quasi-totalite de l’amplitude articulaire, ii) a maintenir un niveau constant d’etirement ou de contrainte, iii) a realiser un protocole de charge-decharge, iv) a solliciter de facon cyclique le SMA. Le comportement mecanique du SMA peut etre caracterise par ses proprietes de raideur et viscoelasticite. D’autres methodes ont permis, soit de controler les conditions passives de la methode comme l’electromyographie de surface, soit d’acceder aux proprietes mecaniques du complexe muscle-tendon (CMT).
From best supportive care to early palliative care.

In 1990, Woods et al. [1] published a trial of cisplatin with vindesine versus supportive care only in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Although the overall survival of the chemotherapy group was longer, they concluded that chemotherapy cannot be recommended as routine treatment. Since then, a series of other trials established the value of chemotherapy for the management of advanced NSCLC [2].
Relationships between color, shape, and pattern selectivities of neurons in the inferior temporal cortex of the monkey.

1. To examine the way in which information from different visual submodalities is integrated in the inferior temporal (IT) cortex of the monkey, we studied the relationships between the color, shape, and pattern selectivities of individual neurons in IT cortex of two awake macque monkeys. Neurons were recorded while each animal performed a visual fixation task. For each neuron, we analyzed selectivity for the visual submodalities of color, contour shape, and textural pattern using preselected standard sets of visual stimuli, namely colored geometrical shapes with certain patterns. 2. About two thirds (62%) of single neurons whose activities were recorded from the anterior part of IT cortex, which included the ventral bank of the superior temporal sulcus, responded to one or more of the stimuli in the standard sets of stimuli used. An index (stimulus selectivity index) was calculated for each neuron to quantify how well a cell discriminated the preferred stimulus from the least preferred stimulus in each set of stimuli. The stimulus selectivity index, as well as the statistical significance of the variation in the responses to the stimuli within a given set, was used to classify a cell as selective or not selective in a given submodality. Of the neurons whose responses were analyzed quantitatively, 69% were selective for color, 68% were selective for shape, and 82% were selective for pattern. 3. Of the neurons that were tested with respect to the selectivity for color and for shape, 45% were selective both for color and shape, 50% were selective for either color or shape, and only 5% were not selective for color or shape. These frequencies were not significantly different from those predicted from the occurrence of the selective and nonselective neurons in each submodality if the independence of the selectivities for color and shape is assumed. We also found that the color preference of individual neurons does not depend on the shape of the stimulus. These results indicate that there was no overt interaction between the selectivities for color and shape in these IT neurons. 4. Of the neurons that were compared with respect to the selectivity for color and for pattern, 58% were selective both for color and pattern, 38% were selective for either color or pattern, and only 4% were not selective for color or pattern. There was no correlation between the degree of color selectivity and the degree of pattern selectivity of individual neurons. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Magnetoencephalography/Magnetic Source Imaging in the Assessment of Patients with Epilepsy

Summary: Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) dipole source localization is a particularly promising new tool for noninvasive presurgical evaluation of epileptogenic foci. It is potentially more accurate than EEG localization techniques because magnetic fields are not attenuated or distorted by the skull and scalp, which allows cerebral sources to be modeled more simply. MEG spike and seizure sources are routinely co‐registered with the patient's brain MRI for clinical interpretation. This has been called magnetic source imaging. Numerous studies have shown that MEG localization of foci agreed with lesion position, depth electrode and ECoG data, PET and MRI findings, and surgical success. The recent development of whole head sensor arrays has greatly enhanced the ease with which epileptiform magnetic fields can be recorded and analyzed.