Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Midlife Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 34 Prospective Cohort Studies.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the association between midlife risk factors and dementia. METHODS PubMed and Cochrane library were systematically searched on May 24, 2018, to retrieve prospective cohort studies. The summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by the random-effect model to explore the association between midlife risk factors and dementia. Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using Begg's and Egger's tests. RESULTS Thirty-four prospective cohort studies were included, among which 24 were eligible for meta-analysis. A total of 159,594 non-demented adults were enrolled at baseline before 65 years and 13,540 people were diagnosed with dementia after follow-up. The pooled results revealed that five factors could significantly increase the dementia risk by 41 to 78%, including obesity (RR, 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31-2.41), diabetes mellitus (RR, 1.69; 95% CI: 1.38-2.07), current smoking (RR, 1.61; 95%, CI: 1.32-1.95), hypercholesterolemia (RR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.19-2.07), and hypertension (borderline blood pressure RR, 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23-1.62 and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) RR, 1.72; 95% CI: 1.25-2.37). However, the sensitivity analyses found that the results of hypercholesterolemia and high SBP were not reliable, which need to be confirmed by more high-quality studies. No influences due to publication bias were revealed. In the systematic review, another three factors (hyperhomocysteinemia, psychological stress, and heavy drinking) were found to be associated with elevated dementia risk. In addition, physical exercise, a healthy diet, and hormone therapy in middle age were associated with the reduction of dementia risk. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged people with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, and current smokers in midlife are at higher risk of developing dementia later in life.
Okadaic acid promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting protein phosphatase 2A

As a specific inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases, okadaic acid (OA) has been found to be a tumor promoter. However, whether OA plays a role in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well elucidated. In this study, Hep3B and HepG2 cells were treated with different doses of OA and the cell viability was determined by CCK8 test. As a result, Hep3B and HepG2 cells showed no obvious cytotoxicity after OA treatment below 20 or 25 nM for 12 or 24 hours. However, wound healing, invasion, and migration abilities of HCC cells were significantly enhanced in the OA‐treated groups than those of the control group (P < .05), measured by cell scratching and BD transwell assays. Moreover, we found that the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related key factors was changed upon OA treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in OA‐treated cells was also decreased significantly compared with the control cells (P < .05). Interfering of PP2A subunit A or C caused a similar expression change of EMT‐related key factors as the OA treatment in HCC cells. Our results suggest that OA promotes the EMT process of HCC cells by inhibiting the activity of PP2A.
Evaluation of Hindfoot Alignment After Fixed- and Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Prostheses

Background: End-stage ankle arthritis can involve malalignment of the ankle in both the coronal and sagittal planes. Up to 33% to 44% of patients who present for total ankle replacement (TAR) have greater than 10° of coronal plane deformity. Normalization of the sagittal and coronal alignment is key in improving survivorship and functional outcomes in TAR. In the present study, we analyzed how both the ankle and hindfoot alignment for both a fixed-bearing and mobile-bearing TAR system changed over time. Specifically, we measured coronal and sagittal alignment of both the ankle and hindfoot complex. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 2 independent groups of patients undergoing 2 different systems for total ankle replacement: Zimmer (lateral approach, fixed-bearing) and Hintegra (anterior approach, mobile bearing). Specific demographic data and radiographic data were measured. Within-group comparisons were performed using 1-way repeated measures ANOVA, analyzing the temporal course of clinical data within the Hintegra and Zimmer groups. Results: At the ankle joint, as measured by the α and β angles (P > .05), the position of the components remained relatively similar in both the fixed- and mobile-bearing TAR at 24-month follow-up. The sagittal alignment, as measured by the TT (tibiotalar) ratio, demonstrated a posterior shifting of the talus in the mobile bearing group (P = .036). Although the fixed- and mobile-bearing TAR had both significant hindfoot alignment improvement between the preoperative radiographs and at 24 months, over time, the fixed-bearing ankle had a significant increase in both the hindfoot alignment view angle and hindfoot alignment distance (P < .001), suggesting a possible dynamism of the hindfoot in the fixed-bearing TAR. Conclusion: The lateral-approach fixed and anterior approach mobile-bearing implants maintained coronal and sagittal alignment in the short term; the temporal course of the lateral approach fixed-bearing ankle showed an increase in the valgus positioning of the hindfoot. The anterior approach mobile-bearing implant maintained its hindfoot alignment over the course of the study. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.
Clusters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Their Impact on the 20-Year Cardiovascular Risk in a General Population.

BACKGROUND Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) is extraordinarily common and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the particular impact of the sum of CVRFs on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been sufficiently explored in Europe. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in survival-free probability of CVD in relation to the number of CVRFs in a Spanish population. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted from 1992 to 2016 in a Spanish population that included 1144 subjects with no history of CVD (mean age, 46.7 years) drawn from the general population. We calculated the number of CVRFs for each subject (male sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and left ventricular hypertrophy). Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality records were collected, and survival analysis was applied (competing risk models). RESULTS There were 196 cardiovascular events (17.1%). The differences in total survival-free probability of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of the different values of the sum of CVRFs were significant, increasing the risk of CVD (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.50) per each additional risk factor. CONCLUSION Differences in survival-free probability of CVD in relation to the number of CVRFs present were statistically significant. Further studies are needed to corroborate our results.
Theoretical Studies of SiC4H2 Isomers Delineate Three Low-Lying Silylidenes Are Missing in the Laboratory.

Eleven isomers of SiC4H2 lying within 50 kcal mol-1 have been theoretically investigated using density functional theory and high-level coupled-cluster methods. Among them, four isomers, 1-ethynyl-3-silacycloprop-1(2)-en-3-ylidene (1), diethynylsilylidene (2), 1-sila-1,2,3,4-pentatetraenylidene (4), and 1,3-butadiynylsilylidene (5), have already been identified in the laboratory. The current investigation reports three low-lying (< 1 eV) silylidenes (2-methylenesilabicyclo[1.1.0]but-1(3)-en-4-ylidene (3), 4-sila-2-methylenebicyclo[1.1. 0]but-1(3)-en-4-ylidene (6), and 3-ethynyl-1-silapropadienylidene (7)) and three high-lying (> 1 eV) silylidenes (2-sila-(didehydrovinylidene)cyclopropene (8), an isomer with a planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) atom (10), and 1-ethynyl-1-silapropadienylidene (11)), which remain elusive in the laboratory to date. Isomer 9 also contains a ptC atom, which turned out to be a transition state at all levels. Though all isomers are polar (μ ≠ 0), rotational spectrum is available only for 4. Using matrix-isolation, three isomers (1, 2, and 5) have been trapped in the laboratory at 10 K. Considering the astrochemical relevance of silicon-carbide clusters in the interstellar medium, the current theoretical data demands new molecular spectroscopic studies on SiC4H2. Surprisingly, unlike the isovalent C5H2 isomers, where the bent-carbenes are yet to be identified in the laboratory, the bent-silylidenes (2 and 5) have been trapped in the case of SiC4H2. In both the cases, molecules with a transannular C-C and/or Si-C bonds remain elusive though they lie on the low-lying region. Using suitable precursors, whether these peculiar geometries (especially 3 and 6) would be identified or not in the laboratory needs to be addressed by molecular spectroscopists. The present investigation documents structural and spectroscopic information of SiC4H2 isomers, which may compliment future molecular spectroscopic observations including radioastronomical searches.
Potent, selective, water soluble, brain-permeable EP2 receptor antagonist for use in central nervous system disease models.

Activation of prostanoid EP2 receptor exacerbates neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathology in central nervous system diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease and cerebral aneurysms. A selective and brain-permeable EP2 antagonist will be useful to attenuate the inflammatory consequences of EP2 activation and to reduce the severity of these chronic diseases. We recently developed a brain-permeable EP2 antagonist 1 (TG6-10-1), which displayed anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions in rodent models of status epilepticus. However, this compound exhibited moderate selectivity to EP2, a short plasma half-life in rodents (1.7 h) and low aqueous solubility (27 µM), limiting its use in animal models of chronic disease. With lead optimization studies, we have developed several novel EP2 antagonists with improved water solubility, brain-penetration, high EP2 potency and selectivity. These novel inhibitors suppress inflammatory gene expression induced by EP2 receptor activation in a microglial cell line, reinforcing the use of EP2 antagonists as anti-inflammatory agents.
The impact of unilateral salpingectomy on antral follicle count and ovarian response in ICSI cycles: comparison of contralateral side

Abstract Objective: To determine the impact of salpingectomy on the ovarian reserve. Comparisons are made with the contralateral side in patients with unilateral salpingectomy undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Study design: Patients under 40 with unilateral salpingectomy and without history of ovarian surgery were selected for the multicentre retrospective study. Women with bilateral salpingectomy and history of endometriosis were excluded from the study. Antral follicle count, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) parameters and number of collected oocytes were the main outcome measures of the study. Results: A total of 56 patients were eligible for this study. The mean age of the patients was 31.6 ± 4.7 years. The reasons for the salpingectomy were hydrosalpinx (39.3%, n = 22) and ruptured ectopic pregnancy (60.7%, n = 34). The ongoing pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was 30.6%. There was no statistically significant difference between the operated and non-operated sides in antral follicle count (AFC), follicles ≥ 17 mm and 10–17 mm on day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), or number of aspirated oocytes. In the subgroup analysis, AFC, number of growing follicles on day of hCG and number of collected oocytes were comparable between the ectopic pregnancy group and hydrosalpinx group. Conclusion: The study suggests that salpingectomy is not associated with detrimental effects on AFC and ovarian response.
Self-Care Modalities: Improved Performance and Decreased Injury for Female Athletes

ABSTRACT FEMALE ATHLETES HAVE SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE RELATED NEEDS. THE PERFECT BLEND OF STRENGTH, POWER, ENDURANCE, AND NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL IS NECESSARY. THESE TRAINING GOALS DO NOT ADDRESS THE NEED FOR A DEEPER LEVEL OF MOVEMENT EFFICIENCY WHICH CAN BE ATTAINED THROUGH RECOVERY STRATEGIES, REFERRED TO AS SELF-CARE MODALITIES. THESE STRATEGIES CONSIST OF SELF-MYOFASCIAL RELEASE TECHNIQUES USING LACROSSE BALLS, AND SELFMOBILIZATIONS USING RESISTANCE BANDS. IMPLEMENTATION AND EDUCATION OF SELF-CARE MODALITIES IS CRUCIAL TO A SUCCESSFUL STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAM, IN TURN ALLOWING THE FEMALE ATHLETE TO REACH OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE SEE SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1, http://links.lww. com/SCJ/A181.
Major products and their formation and transformation mechanism through degrading UDMH wastewater via DBD low temperature plasma

ABSTRACT Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) is a liquid propellant widely used in aviation and aerospace. It produces a large amount of dimethyl hydrazine wastewater during long-term storage, testing, and reinjection. Traditional treatments produce numerous secondary contaminants such as residual high carcinogens, including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and formaldehyde dimethylhydrazone (FDMH). In this paper, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) low temperature plasma technology is used to degrade the dimethyl hydrazine wastewater. Aiming at the problem of secondary pollutants in the degradation process, we used qualitative and quantitative methods to study the changes of NDMA and FDMH during the degradation of dimethyl hydrazine wastewater by DBD low temperature plasma. The kinetics of these two products showed that the degradation process of NDMA was consistent with the first-order reaction kinetics. Using density functional theory, we established molecular models of UDMH, NDMA and FDMH. According to the molecular orbital theory, the formation mechanism of NDMA and FDMH was calculated from three aspects: reaction structure, reaction path and energy change. We found that during the degradation of dimethyl hydrazine, the dimethyl hydrazine oxidation product was initiated by hydrogen abstraction on methyl (-CH3) and amine (-NH2). NDMA is produced by the oxidation of -NH2, whereas FDMH is mainly produced from dimethyl hydrazine and formaldehyde. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Aerobic capacity and telomere length in human skeletal muscle and leukocytes across the lifespan

A reduction in aerobic capacity and the shortening of telomeres are hallmarks of the ageing process. We examined whether a lower aerobic capacity is associated with shorter TL in skeletal muscle and/or leukocytes, across a wide age range of individuals. We also tested whether TL in human skeletal muscle (MTL) correlates with TL in leukocytes (LTL). Eighty-two recreationally active, healthy men from the Gene SMART cohort (31.4±8.2 years; body mass index (BMI)=25.3±3.3kg/m2), and 11 community dwelling older men (74.2±7.5years-old; BMI=28.7±2.8kg/m2) participated in the study. Leukocytes and skeletal muscle samples were collected at rest. Relative telomere length (T/S ratio) was measured by RT-PCR. Associations between TL, aerobic capacity (VO2 peak and peak power) and age were assessed with robust linear models. Older age was associated with shorter LTL (45% variance explained, P<0.001), but not MTL (P= 0.7). Aerobic capacity was not associated with MTL (P=0.5), nor LTL (P=0.3). MTL and LTL were correlated across the lifespan (rs=0.26, P=0.03). In healthy individuals, age explain most of the variability of LTL and this appears to be independent of individual aerobic capacity. Individuals with longer LTL also have a longer MTL, suggesting that there might be a shared molecular mechanism regulating telomere length.
Chronic urticaria phenotypes: clinical differences regarding triggers, activity, prognosis and therapeutic response

The subtypes of chronic urticaria (CU) share a common clinical expression, but phenotypically may show differences. To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical differences in CU phenotypes, including: (1) isolated chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU); (2) isolated chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU); (3) CSU with concomitant CIndU (CSU-CIndU); (4) CSU with single or multiple episodes; (5) early and late-onset CSU (<45/65 years vs ≥45/65 years); and (6) CSU with presence vs absence of serum autoreactivity. A retrospective observational study of 997 patients with urticaria was performed, with clinical, laboratory and therapeutic comparisons between CU subtypes. A clear female predominance was detected for CU, mostly in patients with serum autoreactivity. CIndU patients were younger, showed less angioedema, and had a better response to antihistamines. Stress and drugs were the main triggering factors for CSU. Patients with exclusive CIndU or recurrent CSU showed less psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with concomitant CIndU and serum autoreactivity showed greater urticaria activity. Knowledge of the clinical differences between CSU subtypes may help to define an individual therapeutic strategy and improve the control of symptoms and quality of life.
Folic acid supplementation in children with sickle cell disease

The aim of our review was to evaluate the evidence for and against folic acid supplementation in sickle cell disease. Folic acid has been both widely prescribed and hotly debated for the last four decades. We undertook an extensive literature based review with the aim of evaluating the clinical benefits of this supplementation and its implications on future paediatric practice. Comprehensive scientific search engines were used to locate articles published up to June 2011. A wide range of search terms were used, and article references and citations were reviewed for further leads. Studies in support of folic acid supplementation have cited low serum and erythrocyte folate levels in paediatric sickle cell patients, high incidence of megaloblastic anaemia, patient desire for folic acid and the positive effects of supplementation including; reversal of developmental delay, reduced dactylitis and reduction of homocysteine levels leading to reduced cardiovascular, stroke and venous thrombosis risk. Studies against folic acid supplementation conversely found that folate is not deficient in patients, megaloblastic change is uncommon and both these parameters are not improved with supplementation. They have shown that folic acid does not lead to improvements in haemoglobin, growth characteristics, infections, splenic sequestration and dactylitis. Possible dangerous effects of supplementation are also referred to including increased priaprism, increased twin pregnancy rates and the risk of masking cobalamin deficiency with consequent neuropsychiatric manifestations. These studies also found that homocysteine levels are not lower in sickle cell patients and cardiovascular risk is not reduced with supplementation. The conflicting results may be due to genetic polymorphisms in folic acid/homocysteine metabolism between patients, inconsistent supplementation doses and various ethnic group representations in the papers analysed. Drawing definitive conclusions is difficult due to the small number and heterogeneous nature of the studies and our review has emphasised the need for more prospective, sufficiently powered, research in this field. Till then, the safest clinical practice would be to individualise folic acid treatment for patients based on their needs and comorbidities whilst continuing to encourage compliance with more evidence based medications including Penicillin V and hydroxyurea.
ERCC1, PARP-1, and AQP1 as predictive biomarkers in colon cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND The recognition of high-risk colon cancer patients prone to chemoresistant and recurrent disease is a challenge. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the immunohistochemical expression of ERCC1, PARP-1, and AQP1 in 60 cases of stage II and III colon cancer who underwent curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. Their predictive role of tumor progression and disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed. METHODS The immunohistochemical expression of ERCC1, PARP-1, and AQP1 in 60 cases of stage II and III colon cancer who underwent curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy was studied. The collected data on the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and the response to the chemotherapy were analyzed. RESULTS Positive nuclear ERCC1 expression was identified in 58.3% of the patients, ERCC1 expression was significantly associated with left-sided tumors (P< 0.01). Moreover, its expression was significantly associated with the aggressive tumor characteristics including high grade, lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage (P< 0.001 for each). High nuclear PARP-1 expression was observed in 63.3% of the cases, and its expression was significantly associated with tumor grade and lymph node metastasis (P= 0.003 for each). Positive membranous AQP1 expression was identified in 41.7% of patients, and it was associated with high grade, lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage (P< 0.001 for each). During the follow-up period, 23 patients (38.3%) exhibited a tumor progression; this was significantly associated with positive ERCC1, high PARP-1, and negative AQP1 expression. Statistics of the survival data revealed that shorter DFS was significantly associated with positive ERCC1, high PARP-1, and positive AQP1 expression (P= 0.005, 0.016, 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS ERCC1, PARP1, and AQP1 are adverse prognostic biomarkers in stage II-III colon cancer. Moreover, adjuvant chemotherapy may not be beneficial for patients with positive ERCC1, high PARP1, and AQP1-negative tumors. Therefore, we recommend that ERCC1, PARP-1, and AQP1 should be assessed during the selection of the treatment strategy for stage II-III colon cancer patients.
Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the addition of alcohol and other outside factors explicit liver damage caused by a chronic liver disease,the main clinical features of liver cells to diffuse bullous steatosis. Early prevention and treatment of NAFLD can take effective measures to stop the further development of the disease,and the prognosis for improvement plays an important role. Chinese and western medicine treatment NAFLD,systems analysis,prevention and treatment of NAFLD is clinically provide a reliable basis.
How to use a cloud‐based search engine of a centralized donor database to identify historical antigen‐negative units in hospital inventories

he video clip is a demonstration of how hospital transfusion service staff uses an online cloud-based search engine to ﬁ nd blood with desired antigen-negative attributes. This blood center-developed tool, termed Antigen Query, provides hospital transfusion services the ability to look up historical antigen-negative data on the blood in their inventory. The functionality largely relies on mass-scale red cell genotyping of blood. 1,2 The process begins with entering patient demographics into an online form. Next, staff scans ISBT 128 unit numbers to create an online worksheet that is sent electronically to the blood center. Completing and submitting the prompts takes approximately 5 minutes. The algorithm used by the blood center identi ﬁ es those units with antigen-negative attributes. An electronic table is then returned to the user that displays the antigen information. The search identi ﬁ es the units with antigen-negative attributes up to the desired number of units requested. If the search is unsuccessful or only partially successful, another search can be performed using other units or an order can be placed directly with the blood center. Units with antigen-positive attributes are displayed to exclude them from additional antigen-negative searches.