Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS ON THE SITUATION OF HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS AMONG AGED PEOPLE

[Objective]To understand the present situation of health service utilization and its influencing factors among aged people in Jiangxi Province,and provide evidence for health service management and policy. [Methods]By the method of cluster sampling,the family health service questionnaire was adopted to investigate the general health status and the situation of health service utilization among aged people. [Results]Among the elderly,the two-week visiting rate was 7.01%,and the annual admission rate was 6.00%. The urban old patients mainly seeked the county hospital for medical care while the rural old patients mostly seeked private clinic for medical care,the utilization of community health service was relatively low. Per capita hospitalization expense accounted for 79.49% of the per capita total medical expenditure. Two-week outpatient expenditures and hospitalization expenses mainly accumulated in county hospitals and provincial hospitals,accounted for 81.01% and 68.29% respectively. [Conclusions]Medical cost and economic income are important influencing factors of rational utilization of health service among old people. It is an effective way to solve medical care problems of old people to develop medical security system and actively carry on community health service.
Enhancing the role of remittances through social capital: Evidence from Indonesian household data

The main purpose of this study is to determine whether remittance-receiving households in Indonesia have truly experienced a measurable increase in their welfare. It focuses on how social capital may enhance the efforts of Indonesia’s female migrant workers to improve their and their family’s welfare at home. Our findings confirm that social capital enhances the impact of remittances by increasing the welfare of the migrant workers and their immediate family members. Remittance-receiving households with strong and wide-ranging social capital tend to use the extra income from remittances more for investment. In turn, this generates future income, which boosts the impacts of their remittances on their overall welfare.
Diabetes mellitus in peninsular Malaysia: ethnic differences in prevalence and complications.

: Estimated prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia was about 2%. Diabetes was most common in Indians especially males and least common in Chinese. There was a slight male preponderance seen in Malays and Indians. Positive family history was obtained in 14% of cases most commonly in Malays, almost 1/3 of whom had more than one family member with diabetes. Familial association was uncommon in Chinese. Over 50% of patients were overweight. Obesity was noted in nearly 70% of female Malays and Indians while the majority of Chinese were not overweight. More than 80% of patients were non insulin requiring. Youth onset diabetes was considered rare; those 10 years and below were estimated to be only 0.4% and below 20 years of age between 2%-4% of the diabetic population. Females were twice as common than males in this type of diabetes and familial association was greater. Malnutrition-related diabetes and pancreatic calcification were not well-documented but youth-onset non insulin requiring diabetics with mild symptoms but strong family history of diabetes were observed. More than half of hospital-based patients had evidence of complications, mainly amongst Malays and Indians. Hypertension was the most frequent associated disease followed by foot ulcers and ischaemic heart disease. Hypertension usually associated with chronic renal failure was most common amongst Malays while gangrenic ulcers and heart diseases were seen mainly in Indians. The major causes of death were chronic renal failure, myocardial infarction, ketoacidosis, stroke and septicaemia related to gangrene. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Qualitative Methods in Media Entrepreneurship Research: Clarification of the terms Framework, Model and Pattern

espanolEl uso intercambiable de algunos terminos que implican conceptos y construcciones diferentes ha sido un desafio para los estudiantes e investigadores principiantes. En particular, terminos como "marco", "modelo" y "patron" y los verbos como "disenar", "identificar", "presentar" y "proponer" han sido utilizados en varios casos en sus diferentes significados y causan confusion para los investigadores. Este texto es un articulo conceptual que aclara el uso de dichos terminos tecnicos en investigaciones cualitativas en el area del emprendimiento de medios. De manera simple, define el marco como el limite y los limites de un fenomeno nunca estudiado que incluye factores y elementos; el modelo como una representacion de la relacion entre los factores y elementos que predice como funciona el fenomeno, y el patron como un modelo previamente examinado con exito que puede ser evaluado por los futuros investigadores. Luego se han sugerido los verbos apropiados para estos terminos tecnicos. Los hallazgos son aplicables en los medios de comunicacion empresarial y areas similares de investigaciones cualitativas, incluidas las industrias creativas. EnglishInterchangeable use of some terms that imply on different concepts and constructs has been a challenge for the students and novice researchers. In particular, terms such as framework, model, pattern and the verbs such as design, identify, present, propose have been used in several cases in the different meaning and cause confusion for the researchers. This paper is a conceptual article that clarifies the use of such technical terms in qualitative researches in the area of media entrepreneurship. Simply, it defines framework as the limit and boundaries of a never studied phenomenon that includes factors and elements; model as a depiction of relationship among the factors and elements that predicts how the phenomenon works, and pattern as a previously successfully examined model that can be benchmarked by the future researchers. Then the proper verbs for these technical terms have been suggested. The findings are applicable in the media entrepreneurship and similar areas of qualitative researches, including creative industries.
Should We Stay or Should We Go? Investigating the Impacts of Intervention on Post-War Development

This study investigates the effects of military intervention in civil wars on post-war development. It was theorized that the characteristics of the intervention would influence the effects on development in different ways, and looks into its effects on three types of development: economic, social, and political. This paper looks at the effects of the regime-type of the intervener, the recipient of the intervention, the number of interveners, and whether the intervening state is neighboring the country in conflict or if it is from the same region. Results support the paper’s theory, finding that different characteristics of intervention had different effects on development. The study concluded that it is important to consider intervention characteristics when determining whether a country lending support to a side in a civil war will help or hinder the development of that state.
Numerosity: Forward and Reverse Stock Splits

Abstract Individuals have a tendency to fixate on large numbers and ignore other relevant information in their decision making process. The numerosity heuristic, a cognitive bias, is the first behavioral hypothesis to explain why investors prefer to receive more shares (rather than less shares) in a stock split even though the aggregate economic value is the same. For forward splits, after controlling for the positive signaling of improved earnings growth and liquidity from the split announcement, the stock price reacts positively to the larger number of shares issued. More importantly, the use of a dual class numerosity model can explain why most conventional hypotheses fail to explain the negative stock price reaction to reverse splits. Given a typical bearish outlook associated with a reverse stock split, investors’ cognitive resources have already been conditioned to derive a systematic conclusion to sell the stock at the higher price. Focusing only on large stock price numerosity, investors are incorrectly inferring a higher investment value. As the high numerosity encourages bearish investors to sell at the higher perceived investment value, the stock returns react more negatively to the higher post-reverse split price level. In both forward and reverse split cases, investors react to high numerosity.
Price Regulation, Price Discrimination, and Equality of Opportunity in Higher Education: Evidence from Texas

We assess the importance of price regulation and price discrimination to low-income students’ access to opportunities in public higher education. In 2003, Texas shifted tuition-setting authority away from the state legislature to public universities themselves. In response, most institutions raised sticker prices and many began charging more for high-earning majors, such as business and engineering. We find that poor students actually shifted toward higher earning programs following deregulation, relative to non-poor students. Deregulation facilitated more price discrimination through increased grant aid and enabled supply-side enhancements, which may have partially shielded poor students from higher sticker prices. (JEL D63, H75, I22, I23, I24, I28, I32)
The Relationship Between Board Diversity, Ownership Structure and Bank Performance In Tunisian Market

This research focuses on the impact of internal governance mechanisms on the performance of listed Tunisian banks during the period 2005-2016. We try to detect the impact of banking governance, not only through the ownership structure but also through the board of director’s characteristics, on the banking performance. Our results confirm the importance of board control within the bank, but they also state that there are other mechanisms such as the ownership structure that must also be taken into account. Research shows that the ownership concentration, board size, independent and institutional administrators affect bank performance. Likewise, Duality is positively associated with the bank profitability.
Agent-based modelling of urban economic and cultural dynamics under the rent-gap hypotheses

This work proposes a theoretically grounded, generative approach to the study of urban dynamics, based on the Critical Geography line of thought. We implemented a variant of the ’Rent-Gap theory of gentrification’ in a set of agent- based models of varying degrees of abstraction. A stylised model of the theory - coupled with residential mobility and cultural exchange in a city-wide context - is capable of reproducing certain observed dynamics of the past century of urbanisa- tion. Cycles of investment, the formation of persistent pockets of disinvestment, the emergence and dissolution of culturally homogeneous areas, and phenomena such as gentrification were all dynamics emerging in the simulation solely as the product of profit-driven investment in housing. A more descriptive version of the model, informed with official data derived from the UK Census and the Land Registry, provides an empirical validation of the core tenets of the theory in the context of contemporary British cities. The descriptive model is also employed to hypothesise on the mechanics and possible outcomes of large scale regeneration programmes, demonstrating a potential impact in the formulation and evaluation of urban policy. Ultimately, this work wishes to challenge the view that theory might be an un- necessary extravagance in an era of large datasets and suggestions of ’algorithmic governance. ’ At the same time, it wishes to highlight the actuality and insightfulness of the critical geographical approach, especially in the wake of the decidedly urban nature of the current economic crisis.
Post-Construction Alignment Revision in Direct-Fixation Railroad Tracks

In railroad construction—in particular, direct-fixation tracks—a longitudinal concrete block known as a “plinth” is used to elevate the profiles of the railroad track from the aerial guideway (e.g., bridge deck). A post-construction alignment revision is often required if the plinth elevation surpasses its maximum tolerance after the concrete pour. In such cases, the plinth surface needs to be grinded to meet the design elevation, or a shim should be inserted underneath the rail pad to raise the profile elevation. Considering both sides of the rail plinths, vertical design factors, and performance specifications, re-optimization of the vertical profile is of great interest, but the process poses challenges and represents a practical research problem. An optimization model aimed at minimizing the cost of post-construction alignment repairs is proposed and a real-case numerical example is analyzed to check the effectiveness of the model.
Anterior rhinomanometry in nasal allergen challenges

Even simple and relatively safe provocation procedures like nasal allergen challenges, should aim to allow detection of positivity with the less possible discomfort to the patient. The objective of this work was to evaluate if the use of rhinomanometric measurements during nasal provocation procedures could allow a decrease in the total administered allergen dose, causing less symptoms to the patients but without increasing the number of false-negatives, comparatively to clinical scores or nasal peak-flow measurements. Our results showed that performing rhinomanometric measurements during nasal HDM challenge procedures can lead in many patients to a reduction in the total dose of allergen administered during the challenge, without loss of sensitivity or specificity. This allergen dose reduction translates in less time consumed during the provocation and less patients' discomfort.
Detecting Factor Risk in Private Asset Returns

The authors introduce a novel approach of attributing factor risk to a time series of reported private asset returns. Their factor-optimized lagged-beta (FOLB) method uncovers more latent factor risk than standard unsmoothing techniques, offering a more precise attribution of factor betas and alpha for major categories of private assets, including buyout, venture capital, and private real estate. They find that factor-adjusted alpha is most robust for buyout, though results vary somewhat by factor-model specification. The FOLB method enhances portfolio management by providing improved estimates of factor risk and alpha for private asset classes, an optimal factor benchmark for asset allocation modeling and manager performance benchmarking, and new procedures for unsmoothing reported private asset returns to estimate risk parameters for portfolio optimization. TOPICS: Analysis of individual factors/risk premia, factor-based models, style investing Key Findings • The factor-optimized lagged-beta method offers improved estimates of factor risk and alpha for private asset classes. • Factor-adjusted alpha is most robust for buyout. • The method provides an optimal factor benchmark for asset allocation modeling and manager performance benchmarking and new procedures for unsmoothing reported private asset returns to estimate risk parameters for portfolio optimization.
A proposed maturity assessment framework of the Greek local government Web Electronic Services

Purpose This paper aims to construct an assessment framework to establish a maturity model for Web Electronic Services offered at a local government level and investigate the maturity of Greek municipalities in the E-Government field, trying to correlate how this is affected by demographic variables. Design/methodology/approach An original assessment framework regarding municipal Electronic Services was created based on the literature review. The assessment framework was included in a methodological approach supported by the PROMETHEE II method, as well as by selected statistical methods. The framework and the methodological approach were applied in the case of Greek municipalities. Findings The analysis revealed the low maturity level of Greek municipalities in Electronic Services sector. The Greek case study indicated that the proposed framework and methodological approach could provide useful insights to municipalities for the improvement of its E-Government Web services based on their strategic preferences. Research limitations/implications The assessment took place only in Greece, assessing all the country's municipalities and conducting research only in the municipalities’ websites. The proposed methodology suggests that the PROMETHEE II multi-criteria decision analysis method can support the assessment of the maturity level of local government entities. Moreover, the combination of the PROMETHEE II–empowered assessment framework with demographic statistical analysis can assist orthological decision-making concerning future investments in Web Electronic Services. The methodology could be a good option for future research efforts (assessments) in municipalities, in Greece and worldwide. Practical implications The framework is both easy to use and fairly complete. The fact that the assessment was conducted in all the Greek municipalities makes it much more reliable, as it provides the whole picture. The suggested methodology which includes the proposed framework could be used in the cases of municipalities in other countries to assist future actions concerning the investment in Web Electronic Services. Originality/value This study provided a medium-size framework, being both complete and easy to use during the evaluation process of all the municipalities in Greece. In addition, the statistical analysis received data from a decision-making tool to execute the clustering (Cluster analysis is usually performed based on the raw data).
A clinical profile of hemophilia patients and assessment of their quality of life in Western Uttar Pradesh, India: An observational study

Objective: To describe the clinical profile of hemophiliac patients and their quality of life (QoL) in Western Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Patients of all age groups with hemophilia admitted in the medicine and pediatrics ward for factor/fresh frozen plasma transfusion or having history of such type of transfusion were consecutively enrolled. A detailed clinical history was elicited from the accompanying parent/guardian. The HAEMO-QoL questionnaire was used for the assessment of QoL of the patients. Results: Out of the total 71 hemophilia patients, 66.2% (51/77) were >18 years of age. Type A hemophilia was observed in 88.3% (68/71) patients. Majority of the patients had severe hemophilia (80.5%). The family history and joint involvement were present in 58.4% and 77.9% of the patients, respectively. Knee joint was observed to be as the target joint among 57.1% of the patients. 76.6% of the patients had joint swelling, resulting in compromised joint movement. Bleeding occurred in soft tissues and joints in 62.3% and 15.6% of the patients, respectively. The patients had poor QoL scores. Overall, hepatitis B and C infection were observed in 6.5% and 9.1% of the patients, respectively. Orthophysiotherapy was needed in 22/26 (84.6%) patients. Conclusion: The severe type of haemophilia Type A was more common than mild and moderate types. The study suggests that important determinants for QoL in haemophilia patients are availability of factor concentrate from the clinical perspective and social and psychological support to ensure a holistic care approach.
Is Citizens’ Trust Escalating the Effect of Sound Governance on Citizens’ Satisfaction in Ethiopia?

ABSTRACT In the context of widespread criticisms to good governance, sound governance is proposed to be a viable alternative. This study examines the effect of sound governance on citizens’ satisfaction with the mediating role of citizens’ trust in the context of Ethiopia. Using a concurrent mixed method design, data were collected from eight key informant interviews besides 175 respondents through questionnaire. The results show the positive link between sound governance, citizens’ trust, and satisfaction. It also reports a partial mediating role of trust into the relationship between sound governance and citizens’ satisfaction.
Benchmark Selection and Performance

Using regulatory data free of self-reporting bias for 2007–16, we decompose investment returns of 455 Dutch pension funds according to their key investment decisions, i.e., asset allocation, market timing and security selection. In extension to existing papers, we also assess the impact of benchmark selection. Over time, asset allocation explains 39% of the variation of returns, whereas benchmark selection, timing and selection explain 11%, 9% and 16%, respectively. Across pension funds, asset allocation explains on average only 19% of the variation in pension fund returns. Benchmark selection dominates this by explaining 33% of cross-sectional returns. We relate the choice for a specific benchmark to investment, risk and style preferences.
Session 9: Cancer Therapy

The Anti-Tumor Activity of a Novel Cytokine, Interleukin-18 ZDENKA L. JONAK, STEPHEN TRULLI, YI-JIUN CHEN,∗ KYUNG JOHANSON,# ROBERT KIRKPATRICK,# JAMES KANE,# AND PEARL HUANG,∗ BioPharm Center for Excellence in Drug Discovery (CEDD), ∗Department of Molecular Oncology, MMPD CEDD, #Department of Gene Expression and Protein Purification, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedeland Avenue, King of Prussia, PA 19406
How impactful is Fair Trade? A paradigm shift in reporting would tell a better story

Fredrik Galtung is co-founder of TrueFootprint, a Cambridge-based start-up that delivers real-time, verifiable impact data. In his earlier work he was the first employee and head of research of Transparency International, where he spent a decade overseeing and developing the organisation’s corruption indices. He then founded Integrity Action in London to help communities monitor and fix thousands of projects and services in a dozen countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and the Middle East. TrueFootprint was launched in 2018. Abstract There is an extensive literature on the impact of Fair Trade. While much of the evidence is positive, there are also studies that find negligible, neutral or even negative effects. In this article, I propose that a paradigm shift towards systematic and regular outcome and impact reporting by Fair Trade organisations is both possible and urgently needed. This shift will align financial and non-financial reporting and help to ensure that Fair Trade is delivering on its core objectives, which include better prices for smallholder producers, improved working conditions and local sustainability. I provide evidence that at least some of the mainstream agribusiness sector is moving towards outcome reporting in some dimensions of their operations. Fairtrade and other certifiers for responsible sourcing only do marginally better than agribusiness in their current reporting in terms of outcome and impact reporting. A new paradigm in systematic and real-time outcome reporting is possible. To achieve this, data production must be bottom-up, rather than top-down. Smallholders and producers have to become owners of the positive outcomes they are seeking to achieve.