Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Internet-Based Diabetes Self-Management and Support: Initial Outcomes From the Diabetes Network Project

Objective: The Diabetes Network (D-Net), a randomized trial of an Internet-based, diabetes self-management and peer support intervention, was eval- uated after 3 months. Design: The study assessed separate and combined effects of diabetes self-management and peer support. Outcomes included physiologic, be- havioral, mental health, and website usage. Results are presented on the first 160 type 2 diabetes patients recruited from 16 primary care offices. Of those eligible, 61% participated in the study. Results: There was significant overall improvement, especially on dietary behavior, but no significant between-condition differences. Conclusions: Providing basic diabetes information as well as a "personal coach," self-management intervention entirely over the Internet proved feasible. Even novice computers users will participate in an Internet-based program to assist themselves in managing their diabetes. Validated Internet interventions could prove to be valuable resources that overcome many costs and limitations of conventional diabetes management.
Understanding and managing notifications

In today's always-connected world, we receive a large number of notifications on our mobile devices. These notifications cause interruptions, stress, and even impact users' lifestyle. To understand how users respond to notifications, we develop an application that monitors various features (e.g., importance) of the notifications, users' actions, and the level of users' engagement with the notifications. We recruit 30 users to use the application and monitor over 30 days, and subsequently find that 20% to 50% of the notifications generally get ignored by the users. In addition, we also solicit explicit feedback about the importance of notifications from 12 users over 14 days and identify the relation between perceived importance and users' engagement level. Based on this study, we identify the key characteristics of notifications and users' engagement, which is further substantiated by an onfine survey of 400+ users. In addition, we develop a notification manager that includes a machine learning based prediction model and that shows only the important notifications and delays the unimportant notifications. Our experimental results show that our notification manager automatically assesses the importance of notifications with more than 87% accuracy. We believe this work is a promising step toward intelligent personal assistant that manages notifications.
Intra-abdominal Anastomotic Techniques

Volumes have been written describing numerous methods for joining together two segments of intestine. The specific technique favored by an individual surgeon depends more on training, personal experience, and perhaps blind faith than on results from randomized, prospective controlled studies. The fact is no one particular intestinal anastomotic technique has proven scientifically to be superior. It appears that, if general principles are followed, any technique of joining two segments of intestine together should in most instances result in uncomplicated healing. The objective of this review is not to describe in detail individual anastomotic techniques for which references are provided. Rather, the objectives are threefold: (1) to review the basic principles of intestinal anastomosis, (2) to explore the operative decisions a surgeon makes faced with numerous anastomotic options, and (3) to summarize the complications of intestinal anastomosis. Anas-tomotic choices discussed in the second objective include the decision to perform an anastomosis, impact of bowel preparation, mechanical or sutured techniques, and ad-juncts to anastomoses.
First randomised controlled-trial research on seclusion and restraint reduction achieves intent

Seclusion and restraint (SR) are centuries-old, frequently used psychiatric practices which lack an evidence base establishing their therapeutic efficacy.1 They are emergency containment procedures in which staff use physical force, the environment and/or devices to control patient behaviour. Their use creates substantial risk of physical and emotional harm, increases violence, claims significant time and resources and prolongs treatment and recovery from mental illness. For these reasons, reducing and preventing SR use is a growing focus in psychiatric services.2
Evidence relating to the effectiveness of community-based interventions to improve the quality of life for children of parents with serious mental illness is weak; better quality studies are required

Commentary on: Bee P, Bower P, Byford S, et al. The clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of community-based interventions aimed at improving or maintaining quality of life in children of parents with serious mental illness: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2014;18:1–250. [OpenUrl][1] Given that one in five young people have a parent with a mental illness1 and that between 44% and 74% of these children are at a higher risk … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DHealth%2BTechnol%2BAssess%26rft.volume%253D18%26rft.spage%253D1%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
Circulation of the Blood, Men and Ideas.

Occasionally a book is so well published that it can stand on these merits alone. Even more rarely one finds a book which is a credit to the publishers' art and contains material not readily available elsewhere. Further, this material is compiled by outstanding men in their fields and skilfully integrated by knowledgeable editors. This volume can be praised on all of these points. There are over 200 photographs, line drawings, old prints and maps which have been extremely well reproduced by the Mendian Press from ancient books. So often, in the copying of such material, much of the detail and texture is lost, but not so in this case, for obviously the editors have insisted upon excellence, both from the contributors and from the publishers. It is quite interesting that the large number of illustrations and fine publishing has not made thecost much higher. At
Preschool-onset depression predicts major depressive disorder and other psychiatric disorders in later childhood and early adolescence

COMMENTARY ON: Luby JL, Gaffrey MS, Tillman R, et al. Trajectories of preschool disorders to full DSM depression at school age and early adolescence: continuity of preschool depression. Am J Psychiatry 2014;171:1768–76[OpenUrl][1]. Preschool-onset depression is defined by age-adjusted subthreshold criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) in children aged 3–6 years.1 Preschool-onset depression has shown preliminary evidence of validity as a psychiatric disorder,2 but the long-term outcomes of preschool-onset depression are still unclear. Identifying the earliest manifestations of depression will help target intervention efforts.3 This is a prospective, observational study. Children (n=246) aged 3–6 years were recruited from primary care and day care sites in St. Louis. Children with depressive symptoms were oversampled using the Preschool Feelings Checklist, a brief screening measure—children whose caregivers endorsed two or more depression symptoms were recruited for this study; children with symptoms … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DAm%2BJ%2BPsychiatry%26rft.volume%253D171%26rft.spage%253D1768%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
New use of antipsychotics associated with a small increased risk of acute kidney injury in older adults with mental disorders

ABSTRACT FROM: Hwang YJ, Dixon SN, Reiss JP, et al . Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk for acute kidney injury and other adverse outcomes in older adults: a population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2014;161:242–8. Antipsychotic use is increasing among older adults, who—as a result of age and frailty—may be particularly susceptible to adverse effects.1 Antipsychotics have already been associated with serious adverse events in older adults including falls, fractures and cardiovascular disease. Among older adults with dementia, they increase the risk of stroke and mortality.2 Other known effects of antipsychotics, such as hypotension, may increase the risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) in older adults. AKI is associated with clinically important negative outcomes and has not previously been described as an adverse effect of antipsychotic use in this population.3 Given the high prevalence of antipsychotic use among older adults with dementia and other mental disorders, AKI may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hwang and colleagues undertook a large (n=97 777 matched …
Fault tolerance implementation within SRAM based FPGA designs based upon the increased level of single event upset susceptibility

Emerging technology is enabling the design community to consistently expand the amount of functionality that can be implemented within integrated circuits (ICs). As the number of gates placed within an FPGA increases, the complexity of the design can grow exponentially. Consequently, the ability to create reliable circuits has become an incredibly difficult task. In order to ease the complexity of design completion, the commercial design community has developed a very rigid (but effective) design methodology based on synchronous circuit techniques. In order to create faster, smaller and lower power circuits, transistor geometries and core voltages have decreased. In environments that contain ionizing energy, such a combination increase the probability of single event upsets (SEUs) and consequently affect the state space of a circuit. In order to combat the effects of radiation, the aerospace community has developed several "hardened by design" (fault tolerant) design schemes. This paper addresses design mitigation schemes targeted for SRAM based FPGA CMOS devices. Because some mitigation schemes may be over zealous (too much power, area, complexity, etc.), the designer should be conscious that system requirements can ease the amount of mitigation necessary for acceptable operation. Therefore, various degrees of fault tolerance is demonstrated along with an analysis of its effectiveness
Using electrophoresis in modeling sulfate, selenite, and phosphate adsorption onto goethite.

The authors evaluate methods for determining two quantities generally considered necessary in modeling adsorption. First, the electrical component of net binding constants is determined by electrophoresis in conjunction with pH measurement. Second, three techniques for determining the maximum concentration of available surface sites are compared. The authors use a Stern model to make out evaluations; however, the results should be applicable to adsorption modeling in general. Electrophoretic mobility data are modeled quite successfully, but the empirical determined maximum surface-site concentration on colloidal goethite (.cap alpha.-FeOOH) varies considerably for sulfate, selenite, and phosphate despite their similar sizes and binding mechanisms. The authors suggest that aggregation processes, due to both proximity to the isoelectric point of the solid and adsorbate bridging between particles, may have significant effects on surface-site availability.
Special Session 2: Benchmarking and Standardization in Software-Based SER Characterization: Towards an IEEE Task Force?

The present invention provides novel ophthalmic drug delivery formulation which comprises a mixture of Carbopol and Pluronic. Carbopol is a trademark of B.F. Goodrich Company's high molecular weight carboxy vinyl polymers (MW above 1,000,000). Pluronic belongs to a class of block copolymers containing polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene. The preferred weight percentages of Carbopol and Pluronic in the ophthalmic drug delivery formulation are 0.3% of Carbopol and 14% of Pluronic. The ocular bioavailability is greatly enhanced by the use of the ophthalmic drug delivery formulation of the present invention.
Population genetic structure of the biological control agent Macrolophus pygmaeus in Mediterranean agroecosystems

Biological control of agricultural pests relies on knowledge of agroecosystem functionality, particularly when affected by the use of mass‐produced biological agents. Incorporating pre‐ and/or post‐release information such as genetic diversity and structure on these agents using molecular‐based approaches could advance our knowledge of how they perform in agroecosystems. We evaluated the population genetics of Macrolophus pygmaeus, the most widely used predatory mirid against many arthropod pests of greenhouse crops in the Mediterranean region, using the mitochondrial Cytb sequence and microsatellite data, and population genetics and phylogeny approaches. We investigated commercially mass‐produced insects (i.e., commercial insects either mass‐reared in the laboratory for many generations, or purchased by farmers and released in the greenhouses) and “wild” insects (i.e., that occur naturally outside or are collected in nature for release in the greenhouses). The mirids were mainly collected in agroecosystems in which solanaceous plants are grown in northern Spain, southern France and Greece. Both molecular markers and approaches distinguished 2 genetically differentiated populations. The less genetically diverse population, hereafter named the “commercial” strain included all individuals from laboratory mass‐rearings and most releases of commercially bred individuals. The most genetically diverse population mainly comprised individuals originating from noncultivated environments, or from releases of “wild” individuals. Rare examples of hybridization between M. pygmaeus from the 2 populations were observed and asymmetric gene flow was revealed. These findings provide new insights into what happens to M. pygmaeus released in the agroecosystems we studied, and show that it is possible to monitor some commercial strains.
ACM: Accurate crosstalk modeling to predict channel delay in Network-on-Chips

The severity of timing delay in the communication channels of Network on Chip (NoC) depends on the transition patterns appearing on the wires. An analytical model can estimate the timing delay in NoC channels in the presence of crosstalk faults. However, recently proposed analytical model does not have enough accuracy and is based on 3-wire delay model. In this paper, an Accurate Crosstalk Model (ACM) based on 5-wire delay model is proposed to estimate the delay of communication channels in the presence of crosstalk faults. ACM is more accurate due to considering more wires in the delay model and also considering the overlaps between locations of transition patterns.
The effect of landscape complexity and microclimate on the thermal tolerance of a pest insect

Landscape changes are known to exacerbate the impacts of climate change. As such, understanding the combined effect of climate and landscape on agroecosystems is vital if we are to maintain the function of agroecosystems. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of agricultural landscape complexity on the microclimate and thermal tolerance of an aphid pest to better understand how landscape and climate may interact to affect the thermal tolerance of pest species within the context of global climate change. Meteorological data were measured at the landscape level, and cereal aphids (Sitobion avenae, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi) sampled, from contrasting landscapes (simple and complex) in winter 2013/2014 and spring 2014 in cereal fields of Brittany, France. Aphids were returned to the laboratory and the effect of landscape of origin on aphid cold tolerance (as determined by CTmin) was investigated. Results revealed that local landscape complexity significantly affected microclimate, with simple homogenous landscapes being on average warmer, but with greater temperature variation. Landscape complexity was shown to impact aphid cold tolerance, with aphids from complex landscapes being more cold tolerant than those from simple landscapes in both winter and spring, but with differences among species. This study highlights that future changes to land use could have implications for the thermal tolerance and adaptability of insects. Furthermore, not all insect species respond in a similar way to microhabitat and microclimate, which could disrupt important predator–prey relationships and the ecosystem service they provide.
Somatic mutations in calreticulin can be found in pedigrees with familial predisposition to myeloproliferative neoplasms.

To the editor: JAK2 -V617F is the most frequently observed somatic mutation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). [1][1],[2][2] Recently, mutations in CALR were described in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) that were negative for JAK2 -
Does Infection Cause Premature Labor and Delivery?

A solid body of evidence demonstrates an associa tion between clinical and subclinical infection and preterm labor and delivery. 1 Yet, the existence of an association does not mean that infection "causes" preterm delivery. Indeed, it has been argued that microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity is merely the consequence of labor. 2,3 Determining whether or not the relationship is causal is critical and has major clinical and therapeutic implications. This article will critically review the available evidence support ing a cause-effect relationship between infection and labor.
Changing the way we work: fundamentals of effective teams

Many organizations are moving toward teams and models of collaborative work. However, the success of these efforts has varied. One detriment to effective teamwork results from failing to understand and apply fundamental principles of effective collaboration. This paper discusses seven principles of effective teamwork-sharing a common vision and expectations, establishing the right climate, enlarging the pool of available meaning, adhering to fundamentals of good meeting management, working efficiently, requiring accountability, and improving continuously-suggesting ways professional communicators can apply the principles in their own work.
Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids.

Water solubility enhancements by dissolved humic and fulvic acids from soil and aquatic origins and by synthetic organic polymers have been determined for selected organic pollutants and pesticides (p,p'-DDT,2,4,5,2',5'-PCB, 2,4,4'-PCB, 1,2,3,-trichlorobenzene, and lindane). Significant solubility enhancements of relatively water-insoluble solutes by dissolved organic matter (DOM) of soil and aquatic origins may be described in terms of a partition-like interaction of the solutes with the microscopic organic environment of the high-molecular-weight DOM species; the apparent solute solubilities increase linearly with DOM concentration and show no competitive effect between solutes. The K/sub dom/ values of solutes with soil-derived humic acid are approximately 4 times greater than with soil fulvic acid and 5-7 times greater than with aquatic humic and fulvic acids. The effectiveness of DOM in enhancing solute solubility appears to be largely controlled by the DOM molecular size and polarity. The relative inability of high-molecular-weight poly(acrylic acids) to enhance solute solubility is attributed to their high polarities and extended chain structures that do not permit the formation of a sizable intramolecular nonpolar environment. 41 references, 6 figures, 3 tables.
Chronic Kidney Disease Progression to End Stage Renal Disease: A Single Center Experience of the Role of the Underlying Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and several factors affect its progression to end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). The main goal of our study was to assess the influence of underlying kidney disease and some other important factors during the time of CKD progression to ESRD. A retrospective study of 91 patients (57 men, 34 women; average age 57.7 ± 13.2 years) was carried out. Patients were monitored at least one month before the first renal replacement treatment (RRT). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at first referral to nephrologist was determined by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Proteinuria was assessed semiquantitatively with dipsticks. Thirty‐five patients (38.5%) had diabetic nephropathy (DN), 21 (23.1%) hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN), 21 (23.1%) adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) and 14 (15.4%) immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Average eGFR at first referral for DN patients was 20.1, and then 23.4 for HN, 35.5 for APKD, and 36.4 mL/min per 1,73 m2 for IgAN patients. Average time between first nephrological visit and first RRT was 28.4 months for DN patients, 41 for HN, 80.8 for APKD, and 70.1 for IgAN patients. Comparison of all four groups of CKD patients showed that in patients with APKD and IgAN impairment of kidney function to ESRD had progressed statistically significantly slower (P < 0.001). When eGFR at referral, proteinuria, smoking, and renin‐angiontensin‐aldosterone blockade treatment had been added into the model, patients with APKD and IgAN had a statistically significant longer period between first nephrological visit and first RRT (P < 0.026). In comparison with patients with other underlying causes of CKD, patients with APKD and IgAN had a statistically significant slower progression rate of CKD to ESRD.
Efficacy of Coronary Artery Screening Tests and Intervention in Hemodialysis Patients

Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of death in patients on hemodialysis, evidence of a beneficial effect of percutaneous intervention (PCI) on stable heart disease is scarce. We investigated the cardiovascular outcomes of hemodialysis patients under our policy of encouraging coronary artery screening tests to the extent possible. A total of 147 hemodialysis patients have been treated in our clinic so far. In 98 of them, coronary artery screening tests were performed, three in unstable and 95 in asymptomatic patients. Significant coronary artery stenosis was detected in 29 at the first tests and in 11 during subsequent tests (40/98, 40.8%), and PCI or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed. Multiple PCIs were needed in 21 patients. In the other 49 patients, coronary artery screening tests were not undertaken based on the nephrologist's decision or patient refusal. At the end of the study, 73 (74.5%) patients with tests, and 14 (28.6%) without tests were still outpatients (P < 0.01). Of 40 patients transferred to other hospitals for medical reasons or who died before transfer, there was cerebrovascular accident in eight, malignancy in six, congestive heart failure without CVD in four, infection in three, sudden cardiac death in one, and others 18. No patient with tests died of CVD and the only patient who died of sudden cardiac death probably due to myocardial infarction was a patient who had declined the screening tests. Coronary artery screening tests, intervention and subsequent periodic tests for asymptomatic hemodialysis patients can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events in this population.