Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechano-responsiveness of fibrillar adhesions on stiffness-gradient gels

Fibrillar adhesions are important structural and adhesive components in fibroblasts that are critical for fibronectin fibrillogenesis. While nascent and focal adhesions are known to respond to mechanical cues, the mechanoresponsive nature of fibrillar adhesions remains unclear. Here, we used ratiometric analysis of paired adhesion components to determine an appropriate fibrillar adhesion marker. We found that active α5β1-integrin exhibits the most definitive fibrillar adhesion localisation compared to other proteins, such as tensin1, reported to be in fibrillar adhesions. To elucidate the mechanoresponsiveness of fibrillar adhesions, we designed and fabricated thin polyacrylamide (PA) hydrogels, embedded with fluorescently labelled beads, with physiologically relevant stiffness gradients using a cost-effective and reproducible technique. We generated a correlation curve between bead density and hydrogel stiffness, thus allowing the use of bead density as a readout of stiffness, eliminating the need for specialised knowhow including atomic force microscopy (AFM). We find that stiffness promotes the growth of fibrillar adhesions in a tensin-dependent manner. Thus, the formation of these ECM depositing structures is coupled to the mechanical parameters of the cell environment and may enable cells to fine-tune their matrix environment in response to alternating physical conditions.
Feasibility Study for an Optical Sensing System for Hardy Kiwi (Actinidia arguta) Sugar Content Estimation

In this study, we tried to find out the most appropriate pre-processing method and to verify the feasibility of developing a low-price sensing system for predicting the hardy kiwis sugar content based on VNIRS and subsequent spectral analysis. A total of 495 hardy kiwi samples were collected from three farms in Muju, Jeollabukdo, South Korea. The samples were scanned with a spectrophotometer in the range of 730-2300 nm with 1 nm spectral sampling interval. The measured data were arbitrarily separated into calibration and validation data for sugar content prediction. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was performed using various combinations of pre-processing methods. When the latent variable (LV) was 8 with the pre-processing combination of standard normal variate (SNV) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC), the highest R2 values of calibration and validation were 0.78 and 0.84, respectively. The possibility of predicting the sugar content of hardy kiwi was also examined at spectral sampling intervals of 6 and 10 nm in the narrower spectral range from 730 nm to 1200 nm for a low-price optical sensing system. The prediction performance had promising results with R2 values of 0.84 and 0.80 for 6 and 10 nm, respectively. Future studies will aim to develop a low-price optical sensing system with a combination of optical components such as photodiodes, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and/or lamps, and to locate a more reliable prediction model by including meteorological data, soil data, and different varieties of hardy kiwi plants.
Platysiphon verticillatus and Arcticophycus glacialis: gen. et comb. nov. (Stschapoviales, Phaeophyceae) based on ecological considerations, life history, morphology, and ultrastructure

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Phycology 199 http://e-algae.org pISSN: 1226-2617 eISSN: 2093-0860 Platysiphon verticillatus and Arcticophycus glacialis: gen. et comb. nov. (Stschapoviales, Phaeophyceae) based on ecological considerations, life history, morphology, and ultrastructure Robert T. Wilce* and Peter M. Bradley Department of Biology, 221 Morrill Science Center, 611 North Pleasant Street, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9297, USA Department of Biology, Worcester State University, Worcester, MA 01602-2597, USA
Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth of Mustard and Rapeseed Genotypes under Salt Stress

Salt-tolerant energy crops can be grown on marginal lands for sustainable biofuel production without competing with food crops for arable land. However, salt tolerance is a variable trait among plant species, varieties, and growth stages. In this study, the relative salt tolerance of seven mustard (Brassica juncea) genotypes and four rapeseed (Brassica napus) genotypes was evaluated at the seedling emergence and seedling growth stages. In the first experiment, seeds were sown in a growth chamber with reverse osmosis water or saline solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 10 mS cm–1 for 10 d, and emergence was determined daily. In the second experiment, seedlings were grown in a greenhouse and irrigated with nutrient solution (control) with an EC of 1.5 mS cm–1 or saline solutions (EC 5 and 10 mS cm–1, respectively) for 4 wk. For the seedling emergence stage, the relative emergence percent, and emergence index showed great variation among genotypes (range, 11–112% and 7–110%, respectively). For the seedling growth stage, the saline treatments caused reductions in leaf area and fresh and dry biomass that averaged 63, 65, and 65% relative to the control, respectively. Overall, hierarchal cluster analyses showed differences in salt tolerance between the seedling emergence and seedling growth stages. Net photosynthetic rate decreased with salinity, but soil-plant analysis development readings increased by an average of 18% in the EC10 treatment. Chlorophyll fluorescence did not change, but performance index tended to increase in response to salinity. Chloride concentrations in the leaf tissue increased with salinity and ranged from 32 to 111 mg g–1, with significant varietal differences.
Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Total Crude Leaf Extract of Phytolacca dodecandra in Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Pain is a common problem encountered in daily life among humans and animal and it is commonly managed conventionally using modern medicines and traditionally by use of medicinal plants. Phytolacca dodecandra is a common herb in Uganda, used traditionally to alleviate pain and inflammatory conditions. However, its activity in alleviating pain and inflammatory diseases has not been fully scientifically evaluated. Aim of Study: To evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of total crude leaf extracts of P. dodecandra in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: It was a laboratory-based experimental study. Acetic acid-induced writhing test was used to determine the analgesic activity and the histamine-induced paw edema formation for anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. Twenty eight animals were divided into 7 groups each with 4 rats and two (2) sets of data were obtained from each animal per group as per guidance of the refinement rule of 3Rs. For analgesic activity, Group I was dosed with 1.0ml of normal saline (negative control), group II, III, IV, V, VI were dosed with 1000.0, 600.0, 150.0, 40.0 and 5.0 mg/kg bwt of extract respectively. Group VII was dosed 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac sodium (Na) drug (positive control). For anti-inflammatory activity, Group I was dosed with 1.0ml of normal saline (negative control), Group II, III, IV, V, VI were dosed with 1000.0, 600.0, 300.0, 40.0 and 5.0 mg/kg bwt of extract respectively. Group VII was dosed 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na. The percentage mean paw volume inhibition and percentage writhing protection were determined. Results: The mean percentage paw volume inhibitions were 29.1%, 74.2% and 32.3% at doses of 5.0, 40.0 mg/kg bwt and 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na respectively. The mean percentage writhing protection was 8.9%, 10.4%, 78.5% and 98.7% at doses of 150.0, 600.0, 1000.0 mg/kg of extract and 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na respectively. Conclusions: Total crude leaf extracts of P. dodecandra has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity that may be attributed to the presence of polyphenolic, saponins and many others phytochemicals that are present in the plant.
Study of Pathological Effect Caused by Certain Parasites in The Digestive Tract of Broiler Chickens in Kirkuk City

The current study was carried out in the veterinary hospital of Medicine from (the period 2nd March until 15th July). 200 spcimen were taken from chicken various places in Kirkuk city. The chicken age varied from (3 month-12month). Histological study showed the absence of any changes occurred in the mouth lining, pharynx, esophagus and stomach of infected birds while histological changes was observed in the intestine villi in abnormal shapes, They appeared to be disconnected with alternating in its original appearance, It was found that cecae and the small Intestine of some infective chicken was suffering from infection to the epithelial layer followed by a high level of infiltration to the inflammatory cells and occurrence of relapse in the muscular fiber bindles.
The integration of developmental signals during root procambial patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana

23/2019 Anna Svärd Body Weight and Mental Health: A Follow-Up Study on Health Functioning and Work Disability 24/2019 Zuzanna Misiewicz What Makes Us Anxious: A Cross-Species Multi-omics Approach to the Biological Basis of Anxiety Disorders 25/2019 Saku Torvinen Health-Related Quality of Life and Costs in Prostate Cancer 26/2019 Anu Haaramo Oral Manifestations in Crohn ́s Disease and Orofacial Granulomatosis 27/2019 Abdelhakim Salem Histamine H4 Receptor: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Target in Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Tongue Cancer 28/2019 Lauri Puustinen Autoimmune Hepatitis: Epidemiology, Prognosis and Follow-Up 29/2019 Agnes Stenius-Ayoade Housing, Health and Service Use of the Homeless in Helsinki, Finland 30/2019 Mari Metsäniitty Forensic Age Assessment in Finland, and Dental Development of Somalis 31/2019 Heli Tolppanen Prognostication in Acute Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock― Focus on Electrocardiography and Biomarkers 32/2019 Olli-Pekka Pulkka Novel Therapeutic Targets in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor 33/2019 Inkeri Spoljaric GABAergic Signaling and Neuronal Chloride Regulation in the Control of Network Events in the Immature Hippocampus 34/2019 Nina Mars Healthcare Utilization in Rheumatic Diseases 35/2019 Katrina Albert Modelling Alpha-Synuclein-Based Parkinson’s Disease and Studies with CDNF 36/2019 Felix Siebenhühner The Role of Multi-Scale Phase Synchronization and Cross-Frequency Interactions in Cognitive Integration 37/2019 Elisa Saarnio Associations among Vitamin D Binding Protein Gene Polymorphisms, Total, Free and Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Skeletal Outcomes ─ Studies in Children, Adolescents, and Middle-Aged Finns 38/2019 Ulrika Julku Prolyl Oligopeptidase and Alpha-Synuclein in the Regulation of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurotransmission 39/2019 Reijo Siren Screening for Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Men: The Long-Term Effect of Lifestyle Counselling 40/2019 Paula Tiittala Hepatitis B and C, HIV and Syphilis among Migrants in Finland: Opportunities for Public Health Response 41/2019 Darshan Kumar Reticulon Homology Domain Containing Protein Families of the Endoplasmic Reticulum RIS EV IEM he Intration of D evlopm etal Snals D uing Root Pcam bial Paerning in A rabopsis thliana dissertationes scholae doctoralis ad sanitatem investigandam universitatis helsinkiensis
ESTABLISHING THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY BASED ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS

The aim of this study is to determine the chemical compositions of fruiting bodies of widely used wild edible mushroom species (Agaricus albolutescens, Armillaria mellea, Russula virescens, Cantharellus cibarius and Boletus edulis), commonly consumed in the Bukovina region, from the Northeast of Romania. The content in water, crude protein, lipids, carbohydrates and ash, in fruiting bodies of mushroom samples was assessed. The antioxidant activities were performed on the 1,1´-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. In addition to this, phenolic compounds were also analyzed. The carbohydrate contents were in the following order: Agaricus albolutescens>Boletus edulis>Armillaria mellea>Russula virescens and Cantharellus cibarius. The protein also varied and ranged from 10.12 to 15.15 % dry weight. The polyphenol content was the same in the two mushrooms, whereas the antiradical activity was higher in Russula virescens. The results suggested that consumption of Agaricus albolutescens, Armillaria mellea, Russula virescens, Cantharellus cibarius and Boletus edulis might be beneficial to the antioxidant protection system of the human body against oxidative damage and others complications.
Long-term fertilization effects on carbon pools and carbon management index of loamy soil under grass–forage legumes mixture in semi-arid environment

ABSTRACT Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key component for sustaining crop production. A field experiment was conducted during 2004–2018 to assess the changes in soil carbon fractions under different fertilization practices in grass-legumes mixture. The result indicates that application of farmyard manure (FYM) at 80 Mg ha–1 has increased SOC concentration leading to carbon sequestration rate of 4.2 Mg ha–1 year–1. Further, it has increased the proportion of labile carbon in the total SOC and have accumulated 126, 60, 83 and 95% higher very labile, labile, less labile and non-labile C stock than that of control plot, respectively, in top 30 cm soil layer. Inorganic fertilization and FYM 20 Mg ha–1 influenced SOC concentration, SOC stock and C sequestration rate similarly. The highest carbon management index (264) was found in the treatment receiving FYM 80 Mg ha–1 and it was positively correlated with SOC (r = 0.84**). The sensitivity index of the SOC varied from 26 to 152% and the differences were greatest in FYM treatments. The result indicates that grass-legumes mixture build-up the SOC in long term and the addition of FYM further increases it.
AN EXTENSIVE STUDY TOWARDS ACHIEVING FINE GRAINED ACCESS CONTROL ON ENCRYPTED CLOUD DATA

Outsourcing of business, Scientific and engineering data application on the Third party administrative cloud server have been increasing from the past decade. Unfortunately many servers disregard the security requirement which entails serious security concerns. To provide Confidentiality on the shared sensitive data, many cryptographic technique are usually applied in large numbers though it has lead to serious challenges in the cloud storage against data sharing.In this paper, we study on achieving fine grained access control on encrypted cloud data against several kinds of attacks propagating to the cloud servers such as key leakage attack, Cipher text attack by deducing the key for encryption and decryption. Fine grained access control is employed against encrypted data. In addition to more advantage, the access control mechanism also faces several issues in terms of automatic revocation. In order to handle implication of this study, we plan to propose an Ensemble operator on the Fine grained access control through Time, Location and Profile constrainst on the access policy to the attribute set defined. In this notion, expensive access policy generation for decryption of the cipher text is offloaded to the cloud to some extent. Even obtaining encryption key and decryption key, attacker will not help in decrypting the ciphertext. The proposed notion is used as key encapsulation mechanism to the data outsourced to cloud via third party application. Through extensive analysis on different fine grained access control mechanism on the outsourced data, the ensemble operator model can gain significant performance to highlight the scalability and efficiency.
Modification on acute myocardial infarction model through left anterior descending coronary artery ligation: An experimental study on rats (Rattus norvegicus) using readily available materials

Background and Aim: Several difficulties are involved in creating models for myocardial infarction (MI) in animals, such as low survival rates after acute MI, complicated techniques in creating animal models, complexities in confirming acute MI incidence, and complex surgical tools needed in the process. This study aimed to develop an animal model for acute MI using Wistar rats utilizing simple instruments that are readily available in standard animal laboratories. Materials and Methods: We induced MI in 48 Wistar rats using the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation modification technique without tracheal incision and ventilator. This ligation technique was performed 1-2 mm distal to the left atrial appendage. MI occurrence was evaluated using heart enzyme parameters 24 h post-ligation and histological studies of the infarcted area 6 weeks after the ligation. Rats were divided into the coronary artery ligation group and sham group. Results: Of the 48 rats, 24 (50%) died within 24 h post-ligation, but no further deaths occurred in the next follow-up period of 6 weeks. The average infarct size in six rats within 24 h of ligation was 35%±5.7%. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level of the group treated with coronary artery ligation was statistically significantly higher than that of the sham group (p=0.000). Conclusion: We developed an MI rat model with consistent infarction size, in which the long-term death of rats was not observed. Our ligation technique for an MI rat model can be a reference for experimental settings without ventilators for small animals.
Mitigating the Effect of Pilot Contamination in Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output System Using Pilot Allocation Protocol

Pilot Contamination (PC) is considered a major drawback of Time Division Duplexing (TDD) Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (M-MIMO) systems because it limits their expected capacity. A Pilot Allocation Protocol (PAP) scheme is proposed in this letter to mitigate the effect of PC in order to improve the performance of users affected severely by PC. Specifically, the PAP technique is based on sectional pilot sequence initialization and sharing which allocate more than one user to share the same orthogonal pilot sequence within a cell which then creates intra cell interference between the users sharing the same pilot sequence but suppresses inter cell interference between users sharing the same pilot sequence in other cells and mitigate the effect of PC. Simulation results verify the performance gain of the proposed scheme over that of conventional schemes in a typical M-MIMO system.
FAAH, SLC6A4, and BDNF variants are not associated with psychosocial stress and mental health outcomes in a population of Syrian refugee youth

The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis posits that early childhood stressors disproportionately impact adult health. Numerous studies have found adult mental health to be associated with childhood adversities and genetic variants, particularly in genes related to neurochemistry. However, few studies have examined the way interactive effects may manifest over time and fewer still include protective factors, like resilience. Our group has previously found associations between the monoamine oxidase A gene, MAOA, and a contextually-specific measure of resilience with a measure of perceived psychosocial stress over time in Syrian refugee youth. In this study, we work with the same sample of adolescents to test genetic variants in three additional candidate genes (FAAH, the 5-HTTLPR region of SLC6A4, and BDNF) for associations with six psychosocial stress and mental health outcomes. Using multi-level modeling, we find no association between variants in these candidate genes and psychosocial stress or mental health outcomes. Our analysis included tests for both direct genetic effects and interactions with lifetime trauma and resilience. Negative results, such as the lack of genetic associations with outcome measures, provides a more complete framework in which to better understand positive results and associations.
An integrative model finds comparable contributions to drug resistance from poor drug adherence and adapting bacteria

Antibiotic resistance is a compound effect of several factors in the infection to healing cycle, from molecular factors such as mutation rate of bacteria to habitual behaviors such as adherence to a prescribed drug. Usually each of these factors is modeled separately from biochemistry, evolutionary biology or population health perspectives. To develop an understanding for the drug resistance at a population level, which is of high global significance, it is important to weigh all these factors in an integrated model. We develop RASAID, a model for resistance considering bacterial adaptation, infection spread, population adherence, immunity, and drug dosage. We apply the model to antibiotic resistance in the spread of resistant strains of Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Sp) in a finite community. We analyze the contributions from several factors to resistance, with a goal towards asking how important is the pursuit of newer drug developments relative to improving the awareness about the good practices in drug usage.
Induction of the retinal pigment epithelium of the chicken embryonic eye

INDUCTION OF THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OF THE CHICKEN EMBRYONIC EYE. IV During development of the eye, invagination of the optic cup gives rise to a double layered neuroepithelium, part of which differentiates into the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The molecular mechanisms which control differentiation of the RPE are not known . The present study was undertaken to determine 1) when induction of the RPE has occurred in chicken embryos and 2) to investigate whether contact with the presumptive neural retina (NR) is required for RPE differentiation. In order to investigate when RPE induction has occurred , early expression of two genes involved in pigmentation were investigated. Digoxigenin-labeled tyrosinase and tyrosinaserelated protein-2 (TRP-2) riboprobes were synthesised and used in ISH reactions on embryonic eye tissue. Tyrosinase transcripts were first detected at stage 19.5 (70-71 hours) and TRP-2 transcripts were detected a few hours earlier at stage 18.5 (67-69 hours) of embryonic development. These results indicate that induction has occurred by stage 18.5, approximately ten hours before distinct granules are visible in the RPE. The tyrosinase and TRP-2 transcripts were always localised first in the optical axis of the eye in the region where pigment granules are first present. This indicates that differentiation of the RPE proceeds from the optical axis of the eye cup outwards towards the periphery and that induction of the RPE may also proceed in this direction. To determine whether the presumptive NR is required for RPE induction , synthetic barriers were inserted into the uninvaginated optic vesicle of chicken embryos at stage 11 (40-45 hours) of development. The embryos were cultured in vitro until the optic vesicle had invaginated and sectioned to locate the barrier. Results suggest that contact with the presumptive NR may not be necessary for RPE induction.
Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Amomum longiligulare (Zingiberaceae)

Abstract Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu (Zingiberaceae) is a herbaceous perennial grown in Hainan Province, China, which is an important medicinal plant used for the improvement of gastrointestinal motility. The complete chloroplast genome of A. longiligulare was assembled based on next-generation sequencing. The plastome was a quadripartite circular with 16,3608 bp in length, including two inverted repeat (IR, 22,696 bp) regions, one large single-copy region (LSC) and one small single-copy region (SSC) of 88,680 bp and 29,536 bp, respectively. The chloroplast genome contained 123 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome is 36.1%. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supported A. longiligulare and its congeneric species, A. kravanh and A. compactum, as sister group with 100% bootstrap value.