Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cost-Utility of an Online Education Platform and Diabetes Personal Health Record: Analysis Over Ten Years

Background and Aims: My Diabetes My Way (MDMW) is Scotland’s interactive website and mobile app for people with diabetes and their caregivers. It contains multimedia resources for diabetes education and offers access to electronic personal health records. This study aims to assess the cost-utility of MDMW compared with routine diabetes care in people with type 2 diabetes who do not use insulin. Materials and Methods: Analysis used the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Outcomes Model 2. Clinical parameters of MDMW users (n = 2576) were compared with a matched cohort of individuals receiving routine care alone (n = 11 628). Matching criteria: age, diabetes duration, sex, and socioeconomic status. Impact on life expectancy, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs of treatment and complications were simulated over ten years, including a 10% sensitivity analysis. Results: MDMW cohort: 1670 (64.8%) men; average age 64.3 years; duration of diabetes 5.5 years. 906 (35.2%) women: average age 61.6 years; duration 4.7 years. The cumulative mean QALY (95% CI) gain: 0.054 (0.044-0.062) years. Mean difference in cost: –£118.72 (–£150.16 to –£54.16) over ten years. Increasing MDMW costs (10%): –£50.49 (–£82.24-£14.14). Decreasing MDMW costs (10%): –£186.95 (–£218.53 to –£122.51). Conclusions: MDMW is “dominant” over usual care (cost-saving and life improving) in supporting self-management in people with type 2 diabetes not treated with insulin. Wider use may result in significant cost savings through delay or reduction of long-term complications and improved QALYs in Scotland and other countries. MDMW may be among the most cost-effective interventions currently available to support diabetes.
Organic Current Mirror PUF for Improved Stability Against Device Aging

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are important primitives in the field of hardware security. Their applications can be further broadened if PUFs are fabricated using organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). Examples include smart packaging that proves authenticity of a contained product and privacy protection for information gathered by organic sensors. This paper proposes an organic current mirror PUF (OCM-PUF) that can be fabricated on a flexible substrate. The proposed OCM-PUF adapts a current mirror structure to achieve self-compensation of the device performance degradation of OTFTs, which is unavoidable in most organic materials. Two types of OCM-PUFs were designed using a low supply voltage OTFT to evaluate the metrics as a PUF. The fabricated OCM-PUFs maintained a reliability of nearly 95% over few weeks, thereby showing that the proposed PUF achieved a high tolerance against response changes caused by device aging.
The Tribe Has Spoken: Evidence for the Impact of Tribal Differences in Social Science Is Equivocal

In the target article, Clark and Winegard (this issue) attempt to make the case that, in the context of the recent American political system, liberals and conservatives are equally “tribal. ” They then use this argument to assert that the preponderance of liberals in social science makes it very likely that the research literature is systematically biased in favor of liberal ideas and perspectives and against conservative ideas and perspectives. To be clear, we are in favor of diversity along any dimension, including ideology. We believe representation matters, and that conservative scholars should be able to look around the field and see similar others and not feel disconnected or excluded. We also agree with the idea that liberals and conservatives working together on politically relevant topics can lead to more rigorous research, to the extent that these collaborations can improve practices such as the framing of research questions and hypotheses, the construct validity of measures, and the interpretation of results (Reyna, 2017). Both sides of the ideological spectrum—if they can work together collegially—can keep the other’s biases in check. However, we take issue with the specifics of the target article. In introducing their case, Clark and Winegard (this issue) state, “Much of this evidence will be limited, anecdotal, and unsystematic and therefore dismissible. Our hope, however, is that the total force of the evidence we marshal will be compelling enough to merit serious consideration” (p. 10-11). We are not satisfied with this statement. Clark and Winegard present more rhetorical argument than evidence, and the evidence that they do provide is imbalanced. They do not provide a fair service to their readers. In this commentary, we challenge the target article by asking two broad questions: First, are conservatives and liberals actually equally tribal? Second, assuming liberals are equally tribal, how consequential for social science is liberal overrepresentation? We pose these as questions because the evidence that would provide clear answers is heretofore lacking—as Clark and Winegard suggest—but we attempt to call on a broader range of evidence than presented in the target article with the goal of providing answers that are at least somewhat more definitive. Are Conservatives and Liberals Equally Tribal?
Effects of stretch and radiation on the laminar burning velocity of R-32/air flames

Experiments are performed for outwardly propagating spherical flames of R-32/air mixtures at constant pressure. A high-speed video camera captures shadowgraph images from which the flame radius as a function of time is extracted. Direct numerical simulations with an optically thin radiation model and detailed kinetics are performed to predict the flame radius and study the effects of stretch and radiation on the inferred laminar burning velocity. The simulations accurately predict the observed flame radius as a function of time. Analyses of the simulation results show that both stretch and radiation effects are important, occur concurrently, and make extraction of the unstretched adiabatic laminar burning velocity from the experimental data difficult.
An evaluation of tropical cyclone forecast in the Southwest Indian Ocean basin with AROME‐Indian Ocean convection‐permitting numerical weather predicting system

In order to contribute to ongoing efforts on tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting, a new, convection‐permitting, limited‐area coupled model called AROME‐Indian Ocean (AROME‐IO) was deployed in the Southwest Indian Ocean basin (SWIO) in April 2016. The skill of this numerical weather predicting system for TC prediction is evaluated against its coupling model (European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting‐Integrated Forecasting System [ECMWF‐IFS]) using 120‐hr reforecasts of 11 major storms that developed in this area over TC seasons 2017–2018 and 2018–2019. Results show that AROME‐IO generally provides significantly better performance than IFS for intensity (maximum wind) and structure (wind extensions, radius of maximum wind) forecasts at all lead times, with similar performance in terms of trajectories. The performance of a prototype, 12‐member ensemble prediction system (EPS), of AROME‐IO is also evaluated on the case of TC Fakir (April 2018), a storm characterized by an extremely low predictability in global deterministic and ensemble models. AROME‐IO EPS is shown to significantly improve the predictability of the system with two scenarios being produced: a most probable one (~66%), which follows the prediction of AROME‐IO, and a second one (~33%) that closely matches reality.
Arctic environmental change research and Antarctic studies have mutual benefits

Arctic environmental change research and Antarctic studies have mutual benefits for increasing understanding of climate and environmental change in the polar regions. Two examples of bipolar environmental research questions with mutual benefit are presented here. First, climate change and climatically significant cryospheric changes are introduced, and then the roles of albedo feedback mechanism and light absorbing impurities are discussed. Second, the challenge of polar stratospheric ozone depletion is discussed in connection with the increase in the harmful ultraviolet solar irradiance reaching the Earth. Citation: Meinander O. Arctic environmental change research and Antarctic studies have mutual benefits. Adv Polar Sci, 2020, 31 (2): 89-91, doi: 10.13679/j.advps. 2020.0003 Note: Queries and discussions on this article should be made by E-mail directly with the corresponding author.
Oils of Oryctes owariensis and Homorocoryphus nitidulus consumed in Cameroon: sources of linoleic acid.

Two unusual oils, obtained from Oryctes owariensis (raphia weevil) and Homorocoryphus nitidulus (crickets) collected in Cameroon were investigated. In addition to the oil content extracted with hexane in Soxhlet, the fatty acid composition as well as differents class of lipids was determined, respectively by CPG and TLC-FID-Iastroscan. The oil content of insects Oryctes owariensis amounted to 53.75% whereas, Homorocoryphus nitidulus came to 67.25%. The oils contained 45.46 and 45.63% of linoleic acid, 37.60 and 27.59% of palmitoleic acid, 4.19 and 16.19% of linolenic, respectively for raphia weevil and crickets oils. The total PUFA and UFA ranged, respectively from 50.86 and 94.49% in Oryctes owariensis and 62.39 and 97.14% in Homorocoryphus nitidulus. Results also showed that the ratios of PUFA/SFA ranged to 16.70 and 105.75. The neutral lipids (TAG 91-93%) were the predominant class of fat amount fatty acids. These 2 insects may be an alternative potential source of essential fatty acids: linoleic acid. (Resume d'auteur)
Inhibition Tasks are not Associated with a Variety of Behaviours in College Students

Executive functions are (EF) top–down control processes involved in regulating thoughts, ignoring distractions, and inhibiting impulses. It is widely believed that these processes are critical to self–control and, therefore, that performance on behavioural task measures of EF should be associated with individual differences in everyday life outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to test this assumption, focusing on the core executive function facet of inhibition. A sample of 463 undergraduates completed five laboratory inhibition tasks, along with three self–report measures of self–control and 28 self–report measures of life outcomes. Results showed that although most of the life outcome measures were associated with self–reported self–control, only one of the outcomes was associated with inhibition task performance at the latent–variable level, and this association was in the unexpected direction. Furthermore, few associations were found at the individual task level. These findings challenge the criterion validity of lab–based inhibition tasks. More generally, when considered alongside the known lack of convergent validity between inhibition tasks and self–report measures of self–control, the findings cast doubt on the task's construct validity as measures of self–control processes. Potential methodological and theoretical reasons for the poor performance of laboratory–based inhibition tasks are discussed. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology
Structure features of hydrogen bonding and their signatures in vibrational dynamics

Nonempirical simulations of molecular clusters composed of water, ammonia, and hydrogen fluoride carried out at the Moeller-Plesset (MP2) level with 6-31++G(d,p) basis set provided information about electronic-structure peculiarities of hydrogen bonding and frequency ranges of phase and anti-phase H-bond proton oscillations. Combined analysis of H-bond orbitals and bridge-proton migration paths in closed H-bonded sequences confirmed the concept of π-kind conjugation of hydrogen bonds when they are alternating with covalent bonds and revealed the unique characteristic frequency range of bridge proton oscillations in conjugated H-bonded structural rings.
Towards Explaining Varying Degrees of Politicization of EU Trade Agreement Negotiations

Over the last decade, European Union (EU) trade agreement negotiations in the form of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with Canada have been strongly contested. By contrast, many other EU trade negotiations have sailed on with far less politicization, or barely any at all. In this contribution, we assess a series of plausible explanation for these very varying degrees of politicization across EU trade agreement negotiations—conceived of as the combination of polarization of opinions, salience given to them in public debate, and the expansion of the number of societal actors involved therein. Through a review of existing explanations, we show how each of these explanations faces a set of challenges. In the third section, we argue it is useful to conceive of these existing explanations as structural background conditions enabling agency on the part of interest group and civil society organizations. We therefore close by sketching how literature on the relationship between interest group mobilization and public opinion could inform further comparative research on trade policy negotiations, and on politicization of EU policy making in general.
The Influence of Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitudes, Parental Income to Financial Management Behavior of Undergraduate Students in Economic Education, University of Flores - Ende

This study aims to analyze (1) The influence of Financial Knowledge on Financial Management Behavior of S1 Economic Education students of the Flores-Ende University. (2) Effect of Financial Attitudes on Financial Management Behavior of S1 Economic Education students of the Flores-Ende university. (3) Effects of Parental Income on Financial Management Behavior of S1 Economic Education students of the University of Flores-Ende. This study uses primary data from the results of the distribution questionnaire to 73 6th semester students of Economic Education in accounting concentration. The analysis technique uses structural equation modeling based on Partial Least Square with Smart PLS 3.0 Software. Analysis of structural equation models with - Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with indicators in the form of Reflective. Based on the results of the R-Square test with a value of 0.742 states that Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitudes, Parental Income have a strong influence on the Financial Management Behavior of S1 Economic Education S. Facesents at the University of Flores-Ende. While the value of f-Square on the largest path coefficient is the influence of financial attitudes on Financial Management Behavior of 0.284, then the influence of Parental Income on Financial Management Behavior of 0.147 and the smallest influence is Financial Knowledge of 0.073. As for the indicators that influence each construct by 0,000 <0.05, it can be concluded that Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitudes and Parental Income simultaneously influence the Financial Management Behavior of S1 Economic Education students at the University of Flores-Ende. Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitudes and Parental Income also partially influences the Financial Management Behavior of Undergraduate Students in Economic Education at the University of Flores-Ende. Keywords : Financial Management Behavior, Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitudes , Parental Income DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-4-09 Publication date: February 29 th 2020
Computation of bond incident degree (BID) indices of complex structures in drugs

The molecular topological descriptors are the numerical in-variants of a molecular graph and are very useful and efficient to predict their bioactivity. Dendrimers are highly branched organic macro-molecules with successive layers or generations of branch units surrounding a central core and have many applications in biology, medicine and drug designs. These are key molecules in nanotechnology and can be put to good use. A great variety of such indices are studied and used in theoretical chemistry and pharmaceutical researchers. Among them, a large number of indices depend only on vertex degrees of the molecular graph. A considerable amount of these vertex-degree-based topological indices can be represented as the sum of edge contributions of graph. These kind of vertex-degree-based topological indices are known as bond incident degree (BID) indices. In this paper, we determine the bond incident degree indices of complex structures in drugs called nanostar dendrimers and compute the closed formula for these indices.
A Constrained Maximum Likelihood Estimator of Speech and Noise Spectra with Application to Multi-Microphone Noise Reduction

One of the challenges with the implementation of multi-microphone noise reduction systems in practical applications lies in the need for the knowledge of the speech and noise covariance matrices. Recently, a method based on Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation addressed this problem. Despite its relative success in practical setups, this method may suggest negative spectral components for the clean speech due to noise influences. In this paper, we suggest a new estimation technique that tackles this issue by enforcing a power constraint on the estimation problem. We compare the proposed method with the ML method both in synthetic and real-life scenarios using objective measures. The results suggest that the proposed method can improve speech quality without a loss of intelligibility.
What You might not be Assessing through a Multiple Choice Test Task

Comprehending a text involves constructing a coherent mental representation of it and deep comprehension of a text in its entirety is a critical skill in academic contexts. Interpretations on test takers’ ability to comprehend texts are made on the basis of performance in test tasks but the extent to which test tasks are effective in directing test takers towards reading a text to understand the whole of it is questionable. In the current study, tests based on multiple choice items are investigated in terms of their potential to facilitate or preclude cognitive processes that lead to higher level reading processes necessary for text level macrostructure formation. Participants’ performance in macrostructure formation after completing a multiple choice test and a summarization task were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. Task performances were compared and retrospective verbal protocol data were analyzed to categorize the reading processes the participants went through while dealing with both tasks. Analyses showed that participants’ performance in macrostructure formation of the texts they read for multiple choice test completion and summarization task differed significantly and that they were less successful in comprehending the text in its entirety when they were asked to read to answer multiple choice questions that followed the text. The findings provided substantial evidence of the inefficacy of the multiple choice test technique in facilitating test takers’ macrostructure formation and thus pointed at yet another threat to the validity of this test technique.
Labor Shortage and Innovation

Skilled labor is a key input to the innovation process. A shortage in supply of skilled labor may hence impede innovation activities, resulting in lower productivity gains. While governments are concerned about these likely negative impacts, there is only limited empirical evidence whether and to what extent labor shortage affects innovation activities. The paper addresses this question using panel data from three waves (2017 to 2019) of the German innovation survey. We measure labor shortage by job openings that could not be filled at all, not with the required skills or only with significant delay, distinguishing different skill levels. We analyze whether labor shortage resulted in stopping or abandoning of innovation projects. Endogeneity issues are tackled by instrumental variable estimation techniques. Our results show that innovative firms are more likely to be subject to skill shortage, whereas skill shortage induces the cancelation of innovation projects. Effects are stronger for labor shortage related to professional occupations and less for academic qualifications.
Effect of Butyric Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance and Immune Response in Broilers

Due to growing concerns about antibiotic resistance and the potential ban for antibiotic growth promoters in many countries, there is an increasing interest in finding alternative to antibiotics in poultry production (Patterson and Burkholder, 2003; Chichlowski et al., 2007). The possible alternatives to antibiotics for growth promotion and improvement of feed efficiency in poultry are dietary supplementation of probiotic, prebiotic, feed enzymes, phytobiotics, essential oils and organic acids (Jin et al., 1997; Xu et al., 2006; Biggs et al., 2007). Amongst the organic acids, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are considered as potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (Van Immerseel International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 2 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Comparative Analyses and Structural Modeling of RNAs Participating in Non-Canonical Initiation of Protein Synthesis

ii Acknowledgements . iii List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 RNA: A point of interest . 2 Studies of RNA Structures . 3 Structural Modeling and RNA Structure Prediction . 5 Protein Synthesis: Translation of mRNA Into Protein . 7 The Ribosome: A Molecular Machine . 8 Transfer-messenger RNA and Trans-Translation . 10 Internal Ribosomal Entry Site-mediated Translation Initiation . 11 Foot and Mouth Disease Virus IRES RNA . 12 Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus IRES RNA . 14 Concluding Remarks . 16 References . 17 Chapter 2: The tmRDB and SRPDB Resources . 37 Abstract . 38 Introduction . 39 Results and Discussion . 40