Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening and Brief Interventions Delivery in the Workplace to Reduce Alcohol-Related Harm: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aims: To explore the feasibility and cost effectiveness of screening and delivery of a brief intervention for hazardous drinking employees. Methods: A pilot randomised controlled trial of a brief intervention delivered by an Occupational Health nurse versus no delivery of brief intervention (control group) conducted in a Local Authority Council (LCA) in the United Kingdom. Changes in quality of life and economic indicators were measured by the EQ-5D. Results: 627 employees were screened of whom 163 (26.01%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria with a total of 57 (35%) agreeing to participate. No significant differences were found between the groups for baseline demographics or levels/patterns of alcohol consumption. A statistically significant effect was found in the mean AUDIT scores over time (F = 8.96, p = 0.004) but not for group (F = 0.017, p = 0.896), and no significant interaction was found (F = 0.148, p = 0.702). The cost of each intervention was calculated at £12.48, the difference in service costs was calculated at £344.50 per person; that is there was a net saving of health and other care costs in the intervention group compared to the control group. The QALYs fell in both intervention and control groups, the difference -0.002 –(-0.010) yields a net advantage of the intervention of 0.008 QALYs. Conclusion: The main results from this pilot study suggest that alcohol brief interventions delivered in the workplace may offer the potential to reduce alcohol-related harm and save public sector resources. A fully powered multi-centre trial is warranted to contribute to the current evidence base and explore further the potential of alcohol brief interventions in the workplace. In a full trial the recruitment method may need to be re-considered.
Peroxisomicine A 1 ( plant toxin-514 ) affects normal peroxisome assembly in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha

Previously we demonstrated that peroxisomicine A1 (T-514), a plant toxin isolated from Karwinskia species, has a deteriorating eect on the integrity of peroxisomes of methylotrophic yeasts. Here we describe two strains of Hansenula polymorpha, aected in the normal utilization of methanol as sole source of carbon and energy due to peroxisomicine A1 treatment. The two strains isolated (L17 and RV31) grew poorly on methanol, apparently due to malfunctioning of their peroxisomes. Moreover, the cells displayed a high peroxisome turnover rate. We argue that the peroxisomicine A1 induced phenotype of both strains is due to a genomic mutation. Strain L17 was functionally complemented after transformation with a H. polymorpha genomic library. The complementing 2.8 kb DNA fragment did not contain a well-de®ned ORF and led us to speculate that it may contain regulatory sequences that, when present in multiple copies in Toxicon 37 (1999) 385±398 0041-0101/99/$ see front matter # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. PII: S0041 -0101 (98)00170 -6 PERGAMON * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. the cell, result in a change of expression of speci®c genes, thus causing restoration of normal methylotrophic growth. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Determining stellar macroturbulence using asteroseismic rotational velocities from Kepler

The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect observed for transiting exoplanets often requires prior knowledge of the stellar projected equatorial rotational velocity (v sini). This is usually provided by measuring the broadening of spectral lines, however this method has uncertainties as lines are also broadened by velocity fields in the stellar photosphere known as macroturbulence (vmac). We have estimated accurate v sini values from asteroseismic analyses of main sequence stars observed by Kepler. The rotational frequency splittings of the detected solar-like oscillations of these stars are determined largely by the near-surface rotation. These estimates have been used to infer the vmac values for 28 Kepler stars. Out of this sample, 26 stars were used along with the Sun to obtain a new calibration between vmac, effective temperature and surface gravity. The new calibration is valid for the temperature range 5200 to 6400 K and the gravity range 4.0 to 4.6 dex. A comparison is also provided with previous vmac calibrations. As a result of this work, vmac, and thus v sini, can now be determined with confidence for stars that do not have asteroseismic data available. We present new spectroscopic v sini values for the WASP planet host stars, using high resolution HARPS spectra.
INTERPRETATION OF MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF NOVEMBER 5, 1980 SOLAR FLARES BY THE MAGNETIC TOPOLOGY OF AR 2766

A b s t r a c t . We present a detailed analysis of the magnetic topology of AR 2776 together with Hc~, UV, X-rays, and radio observations of the November 5, 1980 flares in order to understand the role of the active region large-scale topology on the flare process. As at present the coronal magnetic field is modeled by an ensemble of sub-photospheric sources whose positions and intensities are deduced from a least-square fit between the computed and observed longitudinal magnetic fields. Charges and dipole representations are shown to lead to similar modeling of the magnetic topology provided that the number of sources is great enough. However, for AR 2776, departure from a potential field has to be taken into account, therefore a linear force-free field extrapolation is used. The locations of the four bright off-band Hc~ kernels in quadrupolar active regions have been studied previously. In this new study the active region is bipolar and shows a two-ribbon structure. We show that these two ribbons are a consequence of the bipolar photospheric field (the four kernels of quadrupolar regions merge into two bipolar regions). The two ribbons are found to be located at the intersection of the separatrices with the chromosphere when the shear, deduced from the fibril direction, is taken into account. This study supports the hypothesis that magnetic energy is stored in field-aligned currents and released by magnetic reconnection at the location of the separator, before being transported along field lines to the chromospheric level. It is also possible that part of the magnetic energy could be stored and released on the separatrices. Our study shows that meeting just one of two conditions the presence of intense coronal currents or of a separator in a magnetic field configuration is not sufficient for flaring. In order to release the stored energy, the coronal currents need either to be formed along the separatrices or to be transported towards the separator or separatrices. The location of the observed photospheric current concentrations on the computed separatrices supports this view.
Neurologically-Informed Musicking (NIM) for Relaxation : Process and Effects

This study aimed to look at the effects of client directed therapeutic musical improvisation on relaxation. The protocol used immediate brain wave data to inform a music therapist’s improvisation for the purpose of affecting the client’s state of rest. Based on prior and existing music therapy techniques, this music therapy method was further developed by the researcher and thesis sponsor, and for the sake of consolidation and brevity, was given the name, Neurologically-Informed Musicking (NIM). The researcher asked the following questions: (1) What form does the NIM process takes when relaxation is a clinical goal? How (if at all) does the process promote relaxation? (2) Are there statistically significant relationships between electroencephalograph (EEG) measurements and NIM improvisation strategies associated with state of silence, rest, unrest, and sleep in a therapeutic setting? Comparisons among visual representations of measurements show (a) baseline EEG fluctuations between Silence and NIM, (b) bandwidth differences before and after changes in specific musical elements of improvisation. AMest demonstrated that statistically significant differences in Theta/Beta ratio between silence (baseline) and NIM (improvisational music phase). However, /-test results showed no statistically significant differences in Theta/Beta bandwidth ratio upon specific changes across musical elements (key change, tempo change, trills, and rest). Based upon findings, it is evident that NIM may represent a useful music therapy protocol in facilitating relaxation or other clinical goals across a diversity of settings and clients. However, additional research is needed before more confident conclusions can be drawn. NEUROLOGICAL! Y-INFORMED MUSICKING (NIM) FOR RELAXATION 11 MONTCLAIR STATE UNIVERSITY / NEUROLOGICALLY-INFORMED MUSICKING (NIM) FOR RELAXATION^ PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
Inference of population history and patterns from molecular data

The progress achieved by sequencing technologies has revolutionized data collection, leading to an exponential increase in the genomic sequences available. The large amount of data places the field of bioinformatics in a unique position, where novel biological questions can be proposed. Accordingly, the existing mathematical models and computational methods need to be reformulated. I address this from an inference perspective in two areas of bioinformatics. Population genetics studies the influence exerted by various factors on the dynamics of a population’s genetic variation. These factors cover evolutionary forces, such as mutation and selection, but also changes in population size. The aim in population genetics is to untangle the history of a population from observed genetic variation. This subject is dominated by two dual models, the Wright-Fisher and coalescent. I first introduce a new approximation to the Wright-Fisher model, which I show to accurately infer split times between populations. This approximation can potentially be applied for inference of mutation rates and selection coefficients. I then illustrate how the coalescent process is the natural framework for detecting traces of common ancestry. Lastly, I discuss and extend efficient methods for calculating expectations of certain summary statistics of unobserved data, which are required by some of the population genetics analysis. The identification of the intricate patterns resulting from biological processes can often shed light on these mechanisms. I address two independent problems of pattern inference within bioinformatics. The first one is the occurrence of patterns described by regular expressions in observed or hidden sequences. I present how to detect statistically significant patterns in a list of ranked sequences, such as RNA sequences ranked after expression level. I then show how standard algorithms can be improved by including pattern occurrence in the hidden structure of observed sequences. Such a hidden structure could be the localization and composition of genes within a DNA sequence. The second problem I target is the computational prediction of the pattern of basepairs resulting in RNA secondary structure. I introduce an evolutionary algorithm to search for a good predictor. Additionally, given a predictor, I present how to improve it using the kinetics of RNA folding coupled with evolutionary information contained within an RNA alignment.
Inference : Recommendations for Practice Eben

The classic papers by Newey and West (1987) and Andrews (1991) spurred a large body of work on how to improve heteroscedasticityand autocorrelation-robust (HAR) inference in time series regression. This literature finds that using a larger-than-usual truncation parameter to estimate the long-run variance, combined with Kiefer-Vogelsang (2002, 2005) fixed-b critical values, can substantially reduce size distortions, at only a modest cost in (size-adjusted) power. Empirical practice, however, has not kept up. This article therefore draws on the post-Newey West/Andrews literature to make concrete recommendations for HAR inference. We derive truncation parameter rules that choose a point on the size-power tradeoff to minimize a loss function. If Newey-West tests are used, we recommend the truncation parameter rule S = 1.3T1/2 and (nonstandard) fixed-b critical values. For tests of a single restriction, we find advantages to using the equal-weighted cosine (EWC) test, where the long run variance is estimated by projections onto Type II cosines, using ν = 0.4T2/3 cosine terms; for this test, fixed-b critical values are, conveniently, tν or F. We assess these rules using first an ARMA/GARCHMonte Carlo design, then a dynamic factor model design estimated using a 207 quarterly U.S. macroeconomic time series.
Multilayer Laue lenses at high X-ray energies : performance and applications

X-ray microscopy at photon energies above 15 keV is very attractive for the investigation of atomic and nanoscale properties of technologically relevant structural and bio materials. This method is limited by the quality of X-ray optics. Multilayer Laue lenses (MLLs) have the potential to make a major impact in this field because, as compared to other X-ray optics, they become more efficient and effective with increasing photon energy. In this work, MLLs were utilized with hard X-rays at photon energies up to 34.5 keV. The design, fabrication, and performance of these lenses are presented, and their application in several imaging configurations is described. In particular, two “full field” modes of imaging were explored, which provide various contrast modalities that are useful for materials characterisation. These include point projection imaging (or Gabor holography) for phase contrast imaging and direct imaging with both bright-field and dark-field illumination. With high-efficiency MLLs, such modes offer rapid data collection as compared with scanning methods as well as a large field of views. © 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Effects of Oregano, Attapulgite, Benzoic Acid and their Blend on Chicken Performance, Intestinal Microbiology and Intestinal Morphology

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of oregano, attapulgite, benzoic acid and their combination on broiler performance, microflora composition of jejunum and cecum, intestinal architecture and breast and thigh meat composition. A total of 400 one-day-old broiler chicks were used in a 42-day trial. They were randomly distributed into five treatments with four replicates of twenty chickens per pen: Control group; Attapulgite group; Oregano essential oil group; Benzoic acid group; Mixed group. At the end of the trial, total counts of bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacilli, and Clostridium perfringens were enumerated by real time PCR at both jejunum and cecum. Intestinal morphology was carried out in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, for villus height and crypt depth. Cell proliferation was also evaluated in the small intestine and the cecum. The results showed that oregano and benzoic acid improved some growth performance parameters. The combined use of the examined substances increased enterobacteria counts in the jejunum, and cell proliferation in the duodenum and the jejunum. Benzoic acid improved intestinal wall morphology in the ileum. In conclusion, the combined dietary supplementation with oregano, attapulgite and benzoic acid can be a novel tool to beneficially modulate broiler chickens performance.
Contribution Association of Hormone-Related Characteristics and Breast Cancer Risk by Estrogen Receptor / Progesterone Receptor Status in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study

Etiologic differences between subtypes of breast cancer defined by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status are not well understood. The authors evaluated associations of hormone-related factors with breast cancer subtypes in a population-based case-control study involving 1,409 ER-positive (ERþ)/PR-positive (PRþ) cases, 712 ER-negative (ER )/PR-negative (PR ) cases, 301 ERþ/PR cases, 254 ER /PRþ cases, and 3,474 controls aged 20–70 years in Shanghai, China (phase I, 1996–1998; phase II, 2002–2005). Polytomous logistic regression and Wald tests for heterogeneity across subtypes were conducted. Breast cancer risks associated with age at menarche, age at menopause, breastfeeding, age at first livebirth, waist-to-hip ratio, and oral contraceptive use did not differ by hormone receptor status. Among postmenopausal women, higher parity ( 2 children vs. 1) was associated with reduced risk (odds ratio (OR) 1⁄4 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.91) and higher body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)) with increased risk (highest quartile: OR 1⁄4 2.40, 95% CI: 1.65, 3.47) of the ERþ/PRþ subtype but was unrelated to the ER /PR subtype (for parity, Pheterogeneity 1⁄4 0.02; for BMI, Pheterogeneity < 0.01). Hormone replacement therapy (OR 1⁄4 2.25, 95% CI: 1.40, 3.62) and alcohol consumption (OR1⁄4 1.59, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.51) appeared to be preferentially associated with the ERþ/PR subtype. These findings indicate that BMI, parity, hormone replacement therapy, and alcohol consumption may play different roles in subtypes of breast cancer. More research is needed to better understand the etiology of 2 relatively rare subtypes, ERþ/PR tumors and ER /PRþ tumors.
Design Analysis of a Passive Buffer System for Space-Assembled Segmented Mirrors

This paper presents a passive buffer system of connection mechanism for space-assembled segmented mirrors. The purpose of assembling telescope in space is to overcome the limits of launch volume and mass to support ever increasing aperture sizes. Using this buffer system, the docking impact between two mirror segments can be alleviated effectively. In this paper, first, a design methodology called “double-elastic contact model” is developed. Then, the design details and operation principle of the connection mechanism, are presented to validate the passive buffer system. Finally, by comparing the traditional docking system, the simulated results of dynamic performance show that the proposed buffer system can absorb the impact energy effectively and is considerably suitable for assembling the space optical system.
Therapeutic strategies against cancer cachexia

Cancer cachexia has two main components: anorexia and metabolic alterations. The main changes associated with the development of this multi-organic syndrome are glucose intolerance, fat depletion and muscle protein hypercatabolism. The aim of this paper is to review the more recent therapeutic approaches designed to counteract the wasting suffered by the cancer patient with cachexia. Among the most promising approaches we can include the use of ghrelin agonists, beta-blockers, beta-adrenergic agonists, androgen receptor agonists and anti-myostatin peptides. The multi-targeted approach seems essential in these treatments, which should include the combination of both nutritional support, drugs and a suitable program of physical exercise, in order to ameliorate both anorexia and the metabolic changes associated with cachexia. In addition, another very important and crucial aspect to be taken into consideration in the design of clinical trials for the treatment of cancer cachexia is to staging cancer patients in relation with the degree of cachexia, in order to start as early as possible this triple approach in the course of the disease, even before the weight loss can be detected.
The machine is the material: Structures that mimic one-dimensional thermoelastic materials

Materials that behave like machines, e.g. functional materials that are able to change shape in response to external stimuli (Bhattacharya and James, 2005), often do so by exploiting phase transitions. Shape memory materials and the tail sheath of Bacteriophage T4 are two well-known examples. For the resulting machine to be effective, the material needs to have desirable and tunable properties. Developing such materials has proven to be an endeavour which requires considerable expertise in materials science, engineering and mathematics (Zhang et al., 2009). Here, we reverse this approach by instead designing a machine that acts as a material. Our methodology is independent of characteristic length, allowing us to design behaviour from the architected material through to the macroscopic scale. Specifically, we present thermally-actuated structures whose effective continuum behaviour is that of one-dimensional thermoelastic materials. We show that these structures may possess a range of behaviours, such as shape memory, zero or negative thermal expansivity. Moreover, the amplitude of the behaviour, e.g. length change at critical temperature or magnitude of thermal expansivity, can exceed what is attainable through conventional materials. Seemingly incompatible features, such as low barriers to transformation and stiffness across high elongations, can be combined; the designer can independently control the critical heating and cooling temperatures and eliminate hysteresis, if desired; changes in length can be either continuous or discontinuous; and shape memory can be combined with negative thermal expansivity.
Development of Integrated Informatics Workflows for the Automated Assessment of Comparability for Antibody Drug Conjugates ( ADCs ) Using LC-UV and LC-UV / MS

K E Y W O R D S Antibody drug conjugates, ADCs, cysteine-conjugated ADCs, lysine-conjugated ADCs, native intact mass analysis, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, HIC, SEC, antibody-to-drug ratio, DAR, drug payload, drug distribution A P P L I C AT IO N B E N E F I T S We demonstrate an integrated informatics workflow using UNIFI Software that streamlines data acquisition, processing, and reporting for ADC analysis by LC-UV or LC-MS, so that CQAs information, such as average DAR and drug load distribution for multiple batches of ADCs, from multiple analytical techniques can be effectively compiled for rapid quantitative assessment. IN T RO DU C T IO N Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) have been emerging as a new class of anti-cancer therapeutics, combining the targeted delivery capability of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) with the potency of conjugated cytotoxic agents. By releasing the cytotoxic drugs inside target tumor cells, ADCs minimize exposure of non-target cells to toxic drug payloads and thereby reduce potential side effects of the treatment.
Topological twists of supersymmetric observables

We explain how to perform topological twisting of supersymmetric field theories in the language of factorization algebras. Namely, given a supersymmetric factorization algebra with a choice of a topological supercharge we construct an algebra over the operad of little disks. We also explain the role of the twisting homomorphism allowing us to construct an algebra over the operad of framed little disks. Finally, we give a complete classification of topological supercharges and twisting homomorphisms in dimensions $1$ through $10$.
The Location of Diapycnal Mixing and the Meridional Overturning Circulation

Abstract The large-scale consequences of diapycnal mixing location are explored using an idealized three-dimensional model of buoyancy-forced flow in a single hemisphere. Diapycnal mixing is most effective in supporting a strong meridional overturning circulation (MOC) if mixing occurs in regions of strong stratification, that is, in the low-latitude thermocline where diffusion causes strong vertical buoyancy fluxes. Where stratification is weak, such as at high latitudes, diapycnal mixing plays little role in determining MOC strength, consistent with weak diffusive buoyancy fluxes at these latitudes. Boundary mixing is more efficient than interior mixing at driving the MOC; with interior mixing the planetary vorticity constraint inhibits the communication of interior water mass properties and the eastern boundary. Mixing below the thermocline affects the abyssal stratification and upwelling profile but does not contribute significantly to the meridional flow through the thermocline or the ocean's meridio.