Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mn2CoZ (Z=Al,Ga,In,Si,Ge,Sn,Sb) compounds : Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties

We study the electronic structures and magnetic properties of Mn(2)CoZ (Z=Al,Ga,In,Si,Ge,Sn,Sb) compounds with Hg(2)CuTi-type structure using first-principles full-potential linearized-augmented plane-wave calculations. It is found that the compounds with Z=Al, Si, Ge, Sn, and Sb are half-metallic ferrimagnet. Experimentally, we successfully synthesized the Mn(2)CoZ (Z=Al,Ga,In,Ge,Sn,Sb) compounds. Using the x-ray diffraction method and Rietveld refinement, we confirm that these compounds form Hg(2)CuTi-type structure instead of the conventional L2(1) structure. Based on the analysis on the electronic structures, we find that there are two mechanisms to induce the minority-spin band gap near the Fermi level, but only the d-d band gap determines the final width of the band gap. The magnetic interaction is quite complex in these alloys. It is the hybridization between the Mn(C) and Co atom that dominates the magnitude of magnetic moment of the Co atom and the sign of the Mn(B)-Co exchange interaction. The Mn(2)CoZ alloys follow the Slater-Pauling rule M(H)=N(V)-24 with varying Z atom. It was further elucidated that the molecular magnetic moment M(H) increases with increasing valence concentration only by decreasing the antiparallel magnetic moment of Mn(C), while the magnetic moments of Mn(B) and Co are unaffected.
Zika Virus Infection in Pregnancy, Microcephaly, and Maternal and Fetal Health

Note: This article was posted on the Archives Web site as an Early Online Release. Early Online Release articles have been peer reviewed, copyedited, and reviewed by the authors. Additional changes or corrections may appear in these articles when they appear in a future print issue of the Archives. Early Online Release articles are citable by using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI), a unique number given to every article. The DOI will typically appear at the end of the abstract.
Graph Priors for Deep Neural Networks

In this work we explore how gene-gene interaction graphs can be used as a prior for the representation of a model to construct features based on known interactions between genes. Most existing machine learning work on graphs focuses on building models when data is confined to a graph structure. In this work we focus on using the information from a graph to build better representations in our models. We use the percolate task, determining if a path exists across a grid for a set of node values, as a proxy for gene pathways. We create variants of the percolate task to explore where existing methods fail. We test the limits of existing methods in order to determine what can be improved when applying these methods to a real task. This leads us to propose new methods based on Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) that use pooling and dropout to deal with noise in the graph prior.
Deming Award, A Journey Towards Business Excellence

The perception of word “quality” is different for different people. But largly quality is synonymous to excellence, value to customer, conformance to specifications and standards, conformance to requirements, fitness for use, and ultimately to customer satisfaction. Total Quality Management (TQM) refers to company-wide quality assurance from suppliers to customers using system approach of documented sets of procedures and control of process variability in a team sprit with top management commitment. TQM makes entire organization to rethink and rework its existing systems, processes, culture, communication and customer care with a view to transforming the organization to enable it to cope with the changing context of global competition and become people driven, customer focused and quality commited organization. Deming Awards are termed as the Nobel Prize in the world of manufacturing. The Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) Started the Deming prize in1951. Initially, this prize was open only to the Japanese industry, but in 1985 it was open thrown open to the rest of the world. From 1998 onwards, Indian companies started winning Deming prize. This research article focuses on studying and analyzingIndian manufacturing companies catering to different industrial sectors, who have won Deming award in last decadein terms of total quality management, operational excellence and financial performance and the lessons that can be learned in terms of Total Quality Management by other manufacturing companies in India from these Deming Award winners from India.
Irreducible components of quiver Grassmannians

We prove a decomposition theorem for irreducible components of Grassmannians of submodules, as well as for other schemes arising from representation theory, thus generalising the result of Crawley-Boevey and Schroer for module varieties. The method is based on jet space calculations, using that the formation of direct sums induces a separable morphism of schemes.
Supplemental Rumen-Protected Choline and Methionine for Lactating Dairy Cows

Evidence suggests that the supply of choline in dairy cows that have just calved may be inadequate even though choline can be synthesized by the animal (Piepenbrink and Overton, 2003; Donkin, 2002). Choline is essential as a component of phospholipids which are important for proper membrane function and in the structure of lipoproteins that transport lipids in the blood. This transport of lipids in the blood may be an important factor in preventing fatty liver disease and ketosis in periparturient dairy cows. Providing supplemental choline may improve the transport of lipids, thus reduce the risk for ketosis, and may also increase the yields of milk and milk fat. Because most dietary choline is degraded in the rumen (Sharma and Erdman, 1989), not much is available for absorption; therefore, choline must be rumen protected when fed.
On Transferability of grasp-affordances in data-driven grasping

It has become a common practice to use simulation to generate large databases of good grasps for grasp planning in robotics research. However, the existence of a generic simulation context that enables generation of high quality grasps that can be used in several different contexts such as bin-picking or picking objects from a table, has to our knowledge not been discussed in the literature. In this paper we investigate how well the quality of grasps simulated in a commonly used ”generic” context transfer to a speciﬁc context where the object is placed on a table. We generate a large database of grasp hypothesis for several objects, which we then evaluate in different dynamic simulation contexts eg. free ﬂoat (no gravity, no obstacles), standing on table and lying on table. We present a comparison on the intersection of the grasp outcome space across the different contexts and quantitatively show that to generate reliable grasp databases, it is often required to use context speciﬁc simulation.
The Role of Genomic Islands, Mutation,

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Percutaneous Screw Fixation of Distal Tibia Fractures – Functional Results in Sixteen Patients

Abstract INTRODUCTION: An important feature of distal tibia fractures is the relevance of the soft tissue coverage. In order to maintain good functional outcome, several operative techniques have been established. Among them, percutaneous screw fixation has the advantage of causing less biological damage of the soft tissues with lower rates of complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 16 patients with distal tibia fracture. Operative treatment consisted of indirect reduction and percutaneous fixation of the tibia followed by cast immobilization for approximately 3-4 months. Minimum follow up period was 12 months. Functional outcome was evaluated using Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score (AOFAS). RESULTS: Twelve out of 16 fractures healed within 6 months of the injury. In 3 cases, delayed union was evident, but the fractures healed in less than nine months. There was one case of malunion, two cases of superficial skin infections, two cases of DVT and two cases of gross swelling. According to OMAS score, the functional result was excellent in 7 (43.75%), good in 5 (31.25%) and fair in 4 (25%) patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous screw fixation can be a safe and effective method for operative treatment of distal tibia fractures.
The Evolution of Theory on Drain Current Saturation Mechanism of MOSFETs from the Early Days to the Present Day

Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) digital logic is based on the enhancement-mode MOS transistors. During the past 40 years, the gate length of Si-based MOS transistors has been scaled down from about 10 μm to below 0.1 μm (100 nm). Currently, MOS transistors fabricated by 45 nm CMOS technology are readily available from various silicon foundries. Moreover, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) has successfully developed 28 nm CMOS technology using the conventional silicon oxynitride as the gate insulator with polysilicon gate (Wu et al., 2009). IBM has demonstrated the use of high-K dielectric as the gate insulator with metal gate for their sub-22 nm CMOS technology (Choi et al., 2009). SEMATECH has developed their 16 nm CMOS technology using high-K/metal gate (Huang et al., 2009). Furthermore, several research groups have already reported on the development of 10 nm planar bulk MOS transistors (Wakabayashi et al., 2004; Wakabayashi et al., 2006; Kawaura et al., 2000). It has been reported using a hypothetical double-gate MOS transistor that a direct source-drain (S/D) tunneling sets an ultimate scaling limit for transistor with gate length below 10 nm (Jing & Lundstrom, 2002). Aggressive scaling brings about significant improvement in the integration level of Si-based MOS logic circuits. In addition, it also improves the switching speed because the drain current is increased when a smaller gate length and a smaller effective gate dielectric thickness are used. According to the conventional MOS transistor theory based on the constant electron mobility, the linear drain current (i.e. drain current at low drain voltage) will increase with the reduction of the gate length. Based on the classical concept of velocity saturation, the saturation drain current (i.e. drain current at high drain voltage) will not increase when the gate length is decreased. This theory is obviously contradictory to the experimental observation. Experimentally, we observe that the linear drain current and the saturation drain current are increased when the gate length is reduced. Hence, there is a need to investigate the drain current saturation mechanism in the nanoscale MOS transistors. First and foremost, we need to know the type of electrical conduction between the source and drain (S/D) regions for the state-of-the-art MOS transistors (L ≥ 32 nm). Fig. 1 shows the various types of electrical conduction between the source and the drain of a n-channel MOS (NMOS) transistor (i) thermionic emission, (ii) thermally assisted S/D tunneling and (iii) direct S/D tunneling
Using γ-Camera to Evaluate the In Vivo Biodistributions and Internal Medical Dosimetries of Iodine-131 in Thyroidectomy Patients

Seidlin, Oshry and Yallow first examined the feasibility of using radioactive iodine, 131I, to treat thyroid carcinoma in 1948. Medical professionals have since adopted 131I extensively to treat both benign and malignant thyroid diseases (Rosario et al., 2004; Chen et al., 2003; Berg et al., 1996). 131I is commonly used in ablative or adjuvant therapy after thyroid carcinoma treatment, which often requires total or near-total thyroidectomy (Chen et al., 2003). Large doses of 131I are routinely administered to patients to treat thyroid remnants at Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital (CSMUH); however, research on the effective half-life (Teff) in the whole-body, thyroid and other organs in vivo has been lacking (CSMUH, 2005). Therefore, this study seeks to yield clear scintigraphic images using -camera.
Preemptive versus postincision gabapentin for postoperative pain: systematic review and meta-analysis

Gabapentin is an effective agent in reducing postoperative pain and opioid consumption. However, it is unclear when the optimum time of administration is, with in vitro experiments showing a possible pre-emptive effect. Therefore, the aim of this review to evaluate whether gabapentin has a clinically significant pre-emptive analgesic effect in patients undergoing surgery. We undertook a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cinahl and AMED databases including randomised controlled trials that evaluated preemptive gabapentin versus postincision gabapentin. We included 4 studies with 333 participants. There was no benefit with preemptive administration of gabapentin for 24-hour morphine consumption (MD -0.11mg; -1.59 mg to 1.36 mg; p=0.88) or postoperative pain scores. In addition, there was no difference in the incidence of postoperative opioid and gabapentin side effects. However, current studies may be underpowered for these outcomes. In conclusion, from the limited data thus far, there appears to be no preemptive analgesic effect with gabapentin and timing of administration should focus on other clinical factors rather than on the basis of any increased clinical efficacy. Correspondence to: Dr. John P Williams, Associate Professor and Honorary Consultant Anaesthetist, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK, E-mail: john.williams7@nottingham.ac. uk
Automated transformation approach from user requirement to behavior design

System design is an important process in the development of any type of computer related system and a process of gathering user requirement of the system that will be developed. System design is important in software development because it assists the developer to develop a system according to what are required by the user. One of main components in system design is Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagram. UML diagram is use as a model to show all important functions, process, flows, actors, classes that related to the system that will be built. This research is focusing on two types of diagram from behavior diagram which are Use case diagram and Activity diagram. Many developers have come out with a tool to help the analyst to draw the diagrams in the computer. Tools like Rational Rose, Lucidchart, UMLet are an example of the tool that have been developed. This step is still not preferred by system analyst because drawing use case diagram and activity diagram takes time and it must be done manually. Model Transformations is one of new finding in system design that intended to ease system analyst in modeling system design. This process is very useful in helping the analyst to reduce time in drawing use case and activity diagram.In this paper, we propose an approach to automatically transform user requirement into behavior model (Use Case diagram, Activity Diagram) and to develop a tool that will enable the transformation of the requirement into behavior model.
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF A 1-D ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEM IN MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

In this work we present new numerical methods to simulate the mechanics of head-tape magnetic storage devices. The elastohydrodynamic problem is formulated in terms of a coupled system which is governed by a nonlinear compressible Reynolds equation for the air pressure over the head, and a rod model for the tape displacement. A fixed point algorithm between the solutions of the elastic and hydrodynamic problems is proposed. For the nonlinear Reynolds equation, a characteristics method and a duality algorithm are developed to cope with the convection dominating and nonlinear diffusion features, respectively. Furthermore, in the duality method the convergence and optimal choice of the parameters are analyzed. At each fixed point iteration, in the elastic model a complementarity formulation is required and appropriate numerical techniques are used. For the spatial discretization different finite element spaces are chosen. Finally, numerical test examples illustrate the theoretical results, as well as the good performance in the simulation of real devices.
domas with ant ibody-producing cells derived from dinitrophenyl (DNp)l-responsive neonatal B cells. The use of these monoclonal antibodies and antiidiotypic reagents has confirmed several previously established basic tenants of neonatal responses (21). In addition, the availability of large quantiti

Studies of B lymphocytes at the nucleic acid level have confirmed the potential for the expression of an extremely diverse ant ibody repertoire and have provided insights into the molecular processes involved in this expression (1-7). In addition, studies at the phenotypic level have increased our unders tanding of the mechanisms that regulate this genetic information and determine the expression of each of the many ant ibody permutations. These mechanisms include tolerance induction (8-14) and antiidiotypic suppression (15, 16) of developing B cell clones, as well as idiotypespecific mechanisms that may be responsible for clonal expansion (17, 18). Among the most striking features of the immune mechanism is the extraordinary reproducibility of repertoire expression (19-24). Thus, in spite of the extremely complex mechanisms available for diversification and clonotype selection, repertoire sharing appears to be the rule among genetically identical individuals. This is particularly true in situations where the repertoire is limited such as in genetically identical frogs (19), bursectomized chickens (20), and, most importantly, neonatal mice (21-24). Additionally, where it has been possible to evaluate the expression of clonotypes that occur in high frequency, or even rare clonotypes that are idiotypically identifiable, adult mice of the same strain apparent ly share repertoire (25-33). To initiate an evaluation of the mechanisms, both genetic and regulatory, that may be responsible for the reproducible acquisition and expression of the ant ibody repertoire, we have undertaken to establish highly specific idiotypic assays that can identify early neonatal clonotypes. This has been accomplished by producing hybridomas with ant ibody-producing cells derived from dinitrophenyl (DNp)l-responsive neonatal B cells. The use of these monoclonal antibodies and antiidiotypic reagents has confirmed several previously established basic tenants of neonatal responses (21). In addition, the availability of large quantities of monoclonal neonatal antibodies has enabled a careful characterization of neonatal antibodies in terms of their physicochemical and antigen-binding properties. Most important , the availability of antiidiotypic assays for neonatal antibodies has enabled a more precise definition of the neonatal DNP specific B cell repertoire of BALB/c mice and an evaluation of the expression and control of these clonotypes, in both developing and mature mice, at
Optimal Security Design Under Asymmetric Information and Profit Manipulation

We consider a model of external financing under ex ante asymmetric information and profit manipulation (non verifability). Contrary to conventional wisdom, the optimal contract is not standard debt, and it is not monotonic. Instead, it resembles a contingent convertible (CoCo) bond. In particular: (i) if the profit manipulation and/or adverse selection are not severe, there exists a unique separating equilibrium in CoCos; (ii) in the intermediate region, if the distribution of earnings is unbounded above there exists a unique pooling equilibrium in CoCos, otherwise debt might be issued but it is never the unique equilibrium; (iii) finally, if profit manipulation is severe, there is no financing. These findings suggest that the standard monotonicity constraint exogenously imposed in the security design literature must be reconsidered. Crucially, profit manipulation is part of the optimal contract, and non-monotonic, convertible securities mitigate the asymmetric information problem. We discuss milestone payments in venture capital as an application.
Sample Importance in Training Deep Neural Networks

The contribution of each sample during model training varies across training iterations and the model's parameters. We define the concept of sample importance as the change in parameters induced by a sample. In this paper, we explored the sample importance in training deep neural networks using stochastic gradient descent. We found that "easy" samples -- samples that are correctly and confidently classified at the end of the training -- shape parameters closer to the output, while the "hard" samples impact parameters closer to the input to the network. Further, "easy" samples are relevant in the early training stages, and "hard" in the late training stage. Further, we show that constructing batches which contain samples of comparable difficulties tends to be a poor strategy compared to maintaining a mix of both hard and easy samples in all of the batches. Interestingly, this contradicts some of the results on curriculum learning which suggest that ordering training examples in terms of difficulty can lead to better performance.
Haptic Security PIN Entry System Using Magnetic Repulsive Force

The security of authentication processes in public spaces is undermined by the risk of observation attack. One solution to this problem is the use of non-visual, haptics based authentication techniques. However, despite the recent development of numerous haptic authentication methods the technology underneath these systems is still based on mechanical movable parts, which emit sound. By recording the leaked sound and analyzing the patterns, an attacker can potentially recover the original password or PIN, reducing or minimizing the beneficial aspects of haptic-based authentication methods. This paper proposes a technical solution to this problem by introducing a simple haptic input device based on the electromagnetic repulsive force generated between magnets and digitally controlled solenoid coils. This interface does not leak auditory information and is suitable for use with authentication techniques and processes previously presented in the literature. Author