Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement in Target Detectability through MISO RADAR

Through intensive study, it has been explored that multipleinput single-output (MISO) antenna systems have the potential to dramatically improve the performance of communication systems over single antenna systems. With the idea of implementing WiMAX MISO Communication Technology for overcoming the challenges offered by hostile channel and environmental effects, it leads the Technocrats to utilize this Technology in RADAR operations. In conventional RADAR, the target’s radar cross section (RCS) measurement at very low SNR level is very difficult and degrades the overall radar performance. The novelty of MISO RADAR is that it provides measures to overcome those degradations and provide higher range, cross range resolution. This paper explores enormous potential of MISO RADAR regarding the probability of target detection in low signal to clutter ratio (SCR) level.
Circulating Current Fault-Tolerant Operation using MMC & PWM Compensation

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an emerging and highly attractive multilevel converter topology for high-voltage and high-power applications. This paper proposes the control method of parallel-connected modular multilevel converters (parallel-MMCs), which assumes that the multiple MMCs are directly connected at both ac and dc sides to effectively enhance the power rating as expected. Two key problems were first solved for the parallel-MMCs under the normal operation conditions: voltage balancing of sub modules and mitigation of circulating currents, where the novel transformed third-order harmonic resonant controller in the synchronous reference frame was employed to mitigate the dominant second-order and fourth-order circulating currents and a sixth-order harmonic resonant controller is used to attenuate the zero-sequence sixth-order circulating current existed in all phase currents per MMC. Considering the high risk of switches fault in the parallel-MMCs, the fault-tolerant operation schemes were then proposed in this paper to address the major concerns of open-circuit and short-circuit switch fault in a sub module, respectively. Carefully controlling the healthy sub modules and the corresponding phase arms, the parallel-MMCs can successfully maintain their balanced capacitor voltages and mitigate the circulating currents with the qualified output waveform obtained. In addition, the parallel configuration of MMCs provides the unique solution for the short-circuit switch fault operation which was seldom discussed in the published literature works with respect to the MMC fault-tolerant operation schemes. MATLAB simulations and the constructed experimental prototype have verified the performance of the proposed control strategy.
Proteomic Approaches for the Mapping of Human Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins

Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins The human erythrocyte has a unique biconcave shape that allows it to have an excess membrane surface close to 40% with respect to cell volume. This gives it elastic properties and allows it to deform in its passage through narrow blood capillaries, even those with a diameter less than 8 μm of the erythrocyte [1]. The identification of the structural proteins of the membrane and the way in which they interact remains a focus of interest in many areas of the biomedical sciences, such as aging, oxidative stress, interaction with pathogenic microorganisms, neurodegenerative diseases and exposure to environmental contaminants [2-5].
SNR Reduction of 2 nd Order Sigma Delta Modulator using Genetic Algorithm

– Over-sampling sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are one of the key building blocks of state of the art wireless transceivers, especially with the voice communication system. This paper addresses a brief review for designing a Sigma-Delta modulator. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based 2 nd order Sigma-Delta modulator design is proposed.
Belief Propagation Decoder for LDPC Codes Based on VLSI Implementation

: Low density parity check (LDPC) codes are most widely used error correcting codes (ECC). Because of their popularity they are used in several applications such as the digital satellite broadcasting system (DVB-S2), Wireless Local Area Network (IEEE 802.11n) and Metropolitan Area Network (802.16e). These codes are used to transmit a message over noisy transmission channel. LDPC codes are constructed using sparse parity check matrices. LDPC codes provide very fast encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, low density parity check decoder is implemented using Verilog technique. A partially parallel decoder is design using belief propagation (BP) algorithm. For simulation, Modelsim is used and for synthesis, Mentor Graphics Leonardo Spectrum with vertex IV technology is used.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING SCHEME IN HIERARCHICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

With the advancement in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) sensors are gaining significance in the physical world. WSNs gained the attention of researchers in many challenging aspects. The most important challenge in these networks is energy conservation. One of the best solution in making WSNs energy-efficient is to cluster the networks. In clustering, the nodes are partitioned into some clusters and then some nodes, called cluster heads, are chosen to be the head of each cluster. In a clustered wireless sensor network, the regular nodes sense the field and send their sensed information to the cluster head, then, after gathering and collecting the data, the cluster head transmits them to the base station. Clustering the nodes in wireless sensor networks has many advantages, including scalability, energy efficiency and reducing routing delay. Some of the clustering objectives considered in this paper include fault tolerance, increased connectivity, data aggregation and collision avoidance. For simulation, the network simulator tool (NS2) is used. The performance of the proposed scheme has been shown in graphs for the metrics namely, energy consumption, delay and packet delivery ratio .
Implementation of Public Auditing for Privacy Preserving in Secure Cloud Storage

— Cloud computing area provides solution to the problem of limited storage using which a user can remotely store his or her data and enjoy the on demand high quality applications and services from a shared pool of configurable computing resources without handling the burden of local data that is being stored and maintained but the major fact is a user no longer possess the outsourced data that makes the data integrity protection in cloud computing environment as a formidable task for the users who posses constrained computing resources which pretends to use the cloud storage as if it is local without worrying about the need to verifying the data integrity by enabling public audit ability for cloud storage as it is considered to be critical where a user can resort to a third party auditor (TPA) to check the integrity of the outsourced data and be worry free. The vulnerabilities toward user data privacy introduce no additional online burden to user and in this paper we propose a secure cloud storage system that supports privacy preserving public auditing technique which is further extended to perform audits for multiple users simultaneously and efficiently by implementing extensive security and performance analysis which is proved in the proposed scheme which is provably secure and highly efficient.
Digital Simulation of Series Parallel Resonant Converter for Electric Vehicle Applications

An electric vehicle (EV), otherwise called as an electric drive vehicle uses one or more electric motors or traction motors to create the driving force needed for motion. Considering the power supply for vehicle computer and electronics, battery and DC-DC converter is required. To achieve the required voltage levels, power converters and inductances are required. Resonant converters are popular for the power conversion process due to their relatively smaller size and lower power losses because of its high-frequency operation and natural soft switching. Among all the topologies of the resonant converter circuits, the series–parallel resonant converter (SPRC) is having the collective advantages of both the series and parallel resonant converter circuits. This SPR converter can regulate the voltage output at a invariable switching frequency even if there is a change in load resistance from full load resistance to infinity at the same time maintaining good load efficiency. The purpose of this project is to design a closed loop controller for the phase angle controlled series parallel resonant converter (PC SPRC) thereby providing pure DC supply for vehicle applications.
Performance metrics and comparative analysis of AODV and DSDV routing protocols for varying sources in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Mobile Ad hoc networks are a system of communicating nodes that do not have any specific infrastructure. Absence of central administration, unlike traditional networks, makes them an easy to implement access system. It provides for handy creation in emergency situations. Nodes are able to communicate with a hotspot (data service source) either directly or through indirect relaying system. A node can act as client or a relaying node. Also, a node has to make hops in order to reach the source node. These hops are predefined rather random and at the same time they are subject to variation due to mobility and quality of service. This means that hops are not aimless or random, rather they are authenticated and maintained within a node for routing. Routing becomes more complex when mobility is the chief characteristic of an Ad hoc system. Nodes appear and disappear and their information is updated by other nodes from time to time. Updation of routing information is also a complex phenomenon. It requires a number of important resource to maintain reliable and resilient routing procedure and process. To this effect, different routing protocols have been deviced to address the above stated problems. Security, authenticity, reliability and seemless communication are the bedrock of such design. This paper discussed two of the most important distance vector (DV) routing protocols namely (Destination Sequenced) DSDV and (Ad hoc On Demand) AODV. Rationale for the choice of these protocols is that their core concept segregates them into table driven/ proactive (DSDV) and On Demand/ Reactive (AODV) types of MANET Routing Protocols. In introduction their modus operandi shall be discusses. In next section their design and issues related to them will be discussed. Further there is a section that discusses their chief characteristics and performance metrics in order to comprehend their usability is a given setting. Finally in the last two sections a comparative analysis based on simulation results is conducted and concluded.
Feeding values of seven browse tree foliages mixed in varying proportions with Panicum maximum for feeding ruminants

Feeding of animals in the right proportion is a panacea to poor productivity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study was designed to evaluate the potential of seven browse tree foliages in combination with Panicum maximum in varying proportions as 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1 using in-vitro gas fermentation technique. Ground samples of the mixtures were incubated at 39°C to determine the volume of gas production at 3, 6,9,12,15,18, 21 and 24hr. Results show that CP, ash content, NDF and ADL were in the range of 10.3-23.5, 11.2-20.4, 42.6-49.4 and 8.713. 8g/100g DM respectively. Moderate condensed tannin, oxalate, saponin and phytate were obtained in the foliages of the browse trees/shrub. Potential gas production from insoluble fraction, b, was best in ratio 1:3 mixture of browse/shrub and panicum and ranged from 8.5 22.0 ml/g DM with lower rate of gas production. Organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy, short chain fatty acid of the 1:3 mixture of browse tree foliages with panicum was the best compared to the 1:1 and 3:1 mixture. It is concluded that mixture of 1:3 or 25% browse tree foliages with 75% panicum would results in optimal performance of ruminants feeding on them. [Ajayi Festus Tope, Odejide Joseph Oluwafemi, Ogunleke Funmilayo Oladunni and Ajayi David Aderemi. Feeding values of seven browse tree foliages mixed in varying proportions with Panicum maximum for feeding ruminants. J Am Sci 2013;9(9):64-71]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 10 Keyword: Browse tree, chemical composition, gas production, mixture, panicum.
International Journal of Intellectual Advancements and Research in Engineering Computations Cloud Resource based Data Origin Detection with Security Features

The network data transmission operations are handled with the Internet Protocol (IP). Each node in the network is allocated with the static or dynamic IP address values. The web applications can be disrupted from various sources. The IP traceback operations are carried out to discover the origin of the received data elements. The Internet Service Provider (ISP) maintains the logs with user data transmission details. The data origin detection is carried out with traceback log analysis. The topology structure of the Internet Service Providers can be extracted by the intruders during the IP traceback operations. The cloud resources are utilized in the IP traceback operations. The authentication and security are provided for the IP trace analysis under the cloud environment. The cloud based traceback services are build with privilege control models. The Framework for Authentication in Cloud-based IP Traceback (FACT) supports the IP traceback operations with security. The FACT scheme performs the user authentication with temporal token details. The traffic flow details and temporal tokens are combined and transferred to the end host. The IP header marking is restricted with header size parameters. The Enhanced FACT model is build with cloud resource based data origin discovery and security features. The Framework for Authentication in Cloud-based IP Traceback (FACT) scheme is upgraded with optimal marking method. The resource provisioning level based incentive assignment model is adapted in the traceback process. The computational overhead is reduced I the temporal token integrity verification process. The cloud resources and traceback data values are protected under the Enhanced Framework for Cloud based IP Traceback (EFACT) scheme. The Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are controlled with service request interval and frequency values
Presenting a Novel Method for Mining Association Rules Using Binary Genetic Algorithm

Today, mining association rule is one of the important data mining algorithms which enable managers to make correct decisions based on the knowledge obtained from the detected patterns by databases. Traditional algorithms of discovering association rules such as Apriori and FP-growth may extract millions of rules from databases, many of which are useless, and this issue causes managers to face difficulty to make correct decision. One of the main challenges of rule discovery is presenting a method which can extract useful and approach optimal rules. In this paper, attempts were made to present a new method for useful and optimal mining of association rules in database using binary genetic optimization algorithm. The presented method was implemented by MATLAB R2010b programming language and SQL SERVER 2008 database. Obtained results indicated that the presented algorithm had a high capability in mining optimal association rules and one of the fortes of this method combing with the previous ones was its ability to discover rare rules in large databases .
Unsupervised Active Learning Classification for Detecting Retinal Hemorrhage in Digital Fundus Images

The development of automated screening systems for practice needs reliable detection of retinal hemorrhages. Automated detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for allowing timely treatment increasing accessibility to and productivity of eye care providers. Supervised splat feature classification method involves processing the retinal color images are partitioned into non overlapping segments covering entire image. Address existing problems using higher level entity splat a collection of pixels with similar color and spatial location each segment, i.e., splat, contains pixels with similar color and spatial location set of features is extracted from each splat. The supervised classification requires high cost in acquiring labeled data for training and it does not include active learning training set. The proposed work presents unsupervised active learning classification for detecting retinal hemorrhage in digital fundus images. The classifier automatically identifies the continuous hemorrhage connected with retinal vessel. Annotations help in comparing the variability of experts in interpreting same set of images in terms of clinical relevance and better definition of reference standard. Extend splat feature classification to learn from both labeled and unlabelled training data. The proposed active learning classification models choose the hemorrhage from retinal vessels portions. The performance evaluation of unsupervised active learning classifier for hemorrhage detection in retinal vessels is done with following parameters: fundus image size
Review on study and analysis of Drum Brake to control Squeal Noise

The stringent competition in automobile market of passenger vehicle segment exists on account of With respect to critical attributes like vehicle comfort, fuel efficiency, and cost. Noise, Vibration, and Harshness are of critical issues and largely depends upon a number of components in an assembly; their resonances ultimately leads to vehicle comfort. Brake squeal is the major factor for vehicle comfort since it has the wide frequency range from 1 Hz to 12 KHz. In this paper, various parameters like coefficient of friction, an interface between liner and drum, contributions of components to resonant, etc. affecting on Drum Brake squeal are studied. The interface between Liner and drum during braking condition can't have control. Reducing coefficient of friction result in adverse effect on Braking performance. So the finest way to achieve the squeal noise reduction by structural modification of components in the design stage for stiffening and adopting FRF quality check method before manufacturing.
Big Data Issues and Challenges

— Big data refers to large volume of data which requires new technologies and architectures to make possible to extract value from it by capturing and analysis process. Big Data has emerged because we are living in a society which makes increasing use of data intensive technologies. Due to such large size of data, it becomes very difficult to perform effective analysis using the existing traditional techniques. Since Big data is a recent upcoming technology in the market which can bring huge benefits to the business organizations, it becomes necessary that various challenges and issues associated in bringing and adapting to this technology are need to be understood.
Design and Analysis of Multipliers Using Energy Recovery Adiabatic Logics

– I n today’s world low power issues have become a major important factor in modern VLSI design. In fact, Low Power VLSI chips have emerged as highly in demand for designing any subsystem. Low power circuit is realized using both hardware and software approach. [12] The limited power capacity of the portable system has lead designers to more power aware designs. Energy efficient circuits are required because of the increasingly stringent demands for battery space and weight in portable multimedia devices, particularly in digital multipliers which are basic building blocks of digital signal processors. Besides adders, digital multipliers are the most critical arithmetic functional unit in many DSP applications such as in filters, Fourier transform and discrete cosine transform and in multiplier accumulate unit. In this paper we are going to design multipliers using ECRL & PFAL logics and the performance of these energy recovery adiabatic logics are compared in terms of power dissipation, energy consumption & operating frequencies. The multipliers are designed using adder or compressor and the power results are obtained using Tanner EDA 13.0 tool.
A Reliable Framework for Secure Cloud Storage Process through Cipher Text Policy Attribute Based Encryption

: The database related outsourcing for the cloud storage based servers is a very rising trend between many of the available firms and also all the eligible and authorized users. The cloud related servers will be keeping all the data’s of the user those are already registered on the different hosts a data hub those are located on remotely. Many of the associations outsource the data’s organization needs to the outer service suppliers for relieving the weight of the storage space managements, accessing universal data’s with an self-governing geographical linked locations, and prevention of resources overheads on the hardware’s, software’s, and personnel type of continuation. Whereas cloud computing create all these advantages far attractive than always, it also bring a latest and tough security threat to be outsourced data’s. Since the data owners do not have any type power for ensuring data securities in the host data’s hub. In the context to make certain the data security perfect and the integrity in clouds storage space, before now, a huge number of actions have been projected to deal with the troubles, but still all of those have their own inborn restriction. In the planned paper, the Cipher text policies attributes based encryption (namely CP-ABE) is then bring in very promising cryptographic key to the critical issue. This allows all the data owners to classify their own entrée policies over users attribute and then enforce the strategy on the data to be spread. These effectively eliminate need to be rely on to the data storage space server to stop illegal data getting and the integrities. Performance and the security analysis specify that projected design is very well organized to securely handle the data’s kept into the data storage space server
Centralized Hierarchical Routing to minimize Propagation Delay in Wireless Sensor Networks

: WSNs is a collection of wireless nodes with limited energy capabilities that may be mobile or stationary and are located randomly on a dynamically changing environment. The routing strategies selection is an important issue for the efficient delivery of the packets to their destination. Moreover, in such networks, the applied routing strategy should ensure the minimum of the energy consumption and hence maximization of the lifetime of the network. Hierarchical routing architecture divides the whole network in to a group of cluster and only cluster head is responsible to forwarding the data to base station directly or via other cluster heads. During the creation of network topology, the process of setting up routes in WSNs is usually influenced by energy considerations, because the power consumption of a wireless link is proportional to square or even higher order of the distance between the sender and the receiver. Hierarchical routing can be centralized or non-centralized. In non-centralized hierarchical routing, the sensor nodes self-configures for the cluster head on the basis of selecting a random number. They don’t consider the case of residual energy. But in centralized routing the base station is responsible to create cluster. In hierarchical routing architecture, sensor nodes self-configure themselves for the formation of cluster heads. The proposed work is to design a routing protocol which is energy efficient and reduce propagation delay. The results are compared with HEED routing protocol which is also a hierarchical routing protocol.