Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Scaffold Protein Gravin (cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase-anchoring Protein 250) Binds the β2-Adrenergic Receptor via the Receptor Cytoplasmic Arg-329 to Leu-413 Domain and Provides a Mobile Scaffold during Desensitization*

The cyclic AMP-dependent kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs) function as scaffolds for a wide-range of protein-protein interactions. The 250-kDa AKAP known as gravin plays a central role in organizing G-protein-coupled receptors to the protein kinases and phosphatases that regulate receptor function in desensitization, resensitization, and sequestration. Although gravin is critical for G-protein-linked receptor biology, the molecular features of the receptor necessary for interaction with this scaffold are not known. Herein, we map the regions of the β2-adrenergic receptor that are required for binding to gravin. Intracellular loops 1, 2, and 3 appear not to participate in the binding of the receptor to the scaffold. In contrast, the C-terminal cytoplasmic region of the receptor (Arg-329 to Leu-413) competes readily for the binding of the β2-adrenergic receptor by gravin, both using in vitro and in vivo assays. C-terminally truncated peptides with sequences ranging from Arg-329 to Leu-342 (13 aminoacyl residues), to Asn-352 (23 residues), to Tyr-366 (37 residues), to Asp-380 (51 residues), or to His-390 (61 residues), as well as N-terminally truncated peptides from Gln-391 to Leu-413 (23 residues) or Leu-381 to Leu-413 (33 residues) displayed no ability to block binding of receptor to gravin. The combination of Arg-329 to His-390 peptide and Gln-391 to Leu-413 peptide, however, reconstitutes a fragmented but full-length C-terminal region and also potently blocks the ability of gravin to bind the β2-adrenergic receptor. The gravin-receptor interaction was examined in response to agonist by confocal microscopy. Remarkably, the association of the receptor with gravin was not disrupted during agonist-induced sequestration. The receptor-scaffold complex was maintained during agonist-induced sequestration. These data, in agreement with the biochemical data, reveal that gravin binds the receptor through the β2-adrenergic receptor C-terminal cytoplasmic domain and that this interaction is maintained as the receptor is internalized. This is the first report of an AKAP scaffold protein translocating with its receptor, in this case a G-protein-coupled receptor.
Efficacy of copper oxidewire particles against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep and goats

Profitable sheep and goat production in the USA is severely limited by gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism, particularly by Haemonchus contortus. Copper oxide wire particles (COWP) have anti-parasitic properties in the diet of small ruminants, but efficacy of COWP may differ between sheep and goats. In a study with weaned kids (Kiko Spanish cross, 6 months old) and lambs (Katahdin or Dorper Blackface crosses, 5 months old), grazing the same pasture area in Central Georgia, 2 g of COWP in a gel capsule was given to half the animals of each species, while the other half were given no COWP. Fecal and blood samples were taken weekly to determine GIN fecal egg counts (FEC) and blood packed cell volume (PCV). After COWP treatment, animals were grazed for 4 weeks and then slaughtered, with adult GIN recovered from the abomasum and small intestines for counting and identification to species. For both sheep and goats, COWP treatment reduced EPG (P< 0.05), increased PCV (P< 0.05), and lowered abomasal GIN numbers (P< 0.05). For EPG, these differences were 82.5 and 90.5% for sheep and goats, respectively, 26 days after treatment, while adult H. contortus were 67.2 and 85.8% lower for COWP-treated sheep and goats, respectively. In this study, COWP treatment was equally effective against H. contortus infection in lambs and kids and appears to be an effective method of controlling H. contortus infection for up to 6 weeks in small ruminants following weaning. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Novel high-Q bondwire inductor for MMIC

A novel high-Q on-chip inductor using bondwire loops is proposed for low cost and high performance GaAs MMIC. The measured maximum quality factor and the self-resonant frequency are 21.1 (26.5) and 11.3 (17.0) GHz for 3.5 (2.1) nH inductance, respectively. The electrical variations are measured within 5% tolerance. The on-chip bondwire inductor can be effectively used for developing GaAs MMIC with no external inductors.
Characterization of histamine receptor sub‐types regulating prostacyclin release from human endothelial cells

1 The histamine receptor sub‐types that are involved in the initiation and maintenance of prostacyclin (PGI2) release from human endothelial cells have been investigated. 2 Endothelial cells cultured from umbilical vein (HUVEC) were incubated with either histamine, the selective H1‐receptor agonists, 2‐methyl histamine (2‐MeHA) or thiazolylethylamine (ThEA), the H1‐agonist/H3‐antagonist, β‐histine (β‐His), the selective H2‐agonist, dimaprit, the H2‐agonist/H3‐antagonist, impromidine, the selective H3‐agonist, (R)α‐methylhistamine ((R)α‐MeHA) and the H3‐antagonist, thioperamide. 3 The H1‐agonists and the H3‐agonist (R)α‐MeHA induced a concentration (100 nm‐1 mm) and time‐dependent release of PGI2 as determined by radioimmunoassay for 6‐keto‐PGF1α, but were less potent than histamine itself. The rank order of potency was the same following 30 min and 24 h incubation, i.e. histamine > ThEA > 2‐MeHA ≫ β‐His > (R)α‐MeHA. 4 Histamine and 2‐MeHA (1 μm‐1 mm), ThHEA (10 μm‐1mm) and (R)α‐MeHA (1 mm), but not β‐His, induced a significantly greater increase in PGI2 release after 24 h incubation than after 30 min incubation (P < 0.05). 5 Neither the selective H2‐agonist, dimaprit, nor the H2‐agonist/H3‐antagonist, impromidine alone induced release of PGI2. 6 The H1‐antagonist, mepyramine (10 μm), abolished release of PGI2 induced by histamine, the H1‐agonists and (R)α‐MeHA but the H2‐antagonist cimetidine (10 μm) and the H2/H3‐antagonist, burimamide (10 μm) did not significantly modulate PGI2 release. 7 Although the H3‐agonist (R)α‐MeHA induced release of PGI2, it failed to modulate PGI2 release in the presence of histamine. 8 Low concentrations of the H3‐antagonist, thioperamide (100 nm) did not modulate histamine release of PGI2 at all but after 24 h incubation, thioperamide (10−4 m) partially reduced PGI2 release in the presence of histamine. 9 These results indicate that PGI2 from HUVEC is initiated and maintained via histamine H1‐receptor occupancy. There appears to be no involvement of either H2‐ or H3‐receptors in this particular endothelial cell histaminergic response.
Approche écologique de la mémoire épisodique dans le vieillissement normal et les neuropathologies

A ce jour, nous savons peu de choses sur la maniere dont la memoire episodique quotidienne, visuellement riche et complexe en termes d'elements contextuels, est affectee par le vieillissement normal contrairement aux connaissances acquises dans le domaine du vieillissement sur la memoire episodique verbale ou visuelle au moyens des tests traditionnels ou des procedures de laboratoire comme le paradigme de rappel libres multi-essais (e.g., utilise par le California Verbal Learning Test). La presente these s'est par consequent attachee a implementer ce paradigme traditionnel de rappels libres multi-essais d'evaluation de la memoire episodique au sein d'un dispositif RV simulant une visite dans un appartement, le HOMES test (Human Objet Memory of Everyday Scenes test). Cette procedure permet de deriver des indices d'apprentissage, de categorisation, d'interference proactive, de benefice de la reconnaissance comparee au rappel libre, et de fausses reconnaissances. A cela, nous nous sommes interesses aux relations entre la memoire quotidienne et l'action a travers l'effet de navigation active. A l'aide d'etudes comparatives, nous avons retrouve le profil mnesique classiquement observe avec le test " papier-crayon ", excepte pour l'interference proactive qui n'est pas observee comme augmentee chez les participants âges. En effet, des scores de rappel reduits, un benefice accru de la reconnaissance, une sensibilite augmentee aux fausses reconnaissances, et des capacites de regroupements semantiques sont obtenus. Chez les jeunes adultes avec traumatisme crânien (etude 1), un profil identique est observe alors qu'un profil bien different est obtenu aupres des patients avec maladie Alzheimer (etude 2) avec notamment un tableau associant des deficits plus marques et des capacites de categorisation alterees. Les etudes 3 et 4 adressant l'effet de navigation active chez le sujet jeune et âge, ont mis en evidence un effet benefique de la navigation active sur la reconnaissance chez les deux groupes de sujets. Par contre, la navigation active diminuait les fausses reconnaissances des jeunes mais augmentait celles des âges. Nous discutons les resultats de ces etudes sur la memoire quotidienne a travers les hypotheses de deficit-item specifique et du declin fronto-executif du vieillissement normal.
COMPARISON OF TWO TWELVE WEEK OFF‐SEASON COMBINED TRAINING PROGRAMS ON ENTRY LEVEL COLLEGIATE SOCCER PLAYERS'PERFORMANCE

Olympic-style lifts (OSL) and plyometric exercises (PE) are frequently combined with traditional resistance training (TRT) to improve athletic performance. The goal of this study was to directly compare the performance effect of TRT (30 minutes) combined with either OSL or nondepth-jump PE (15 minutes) on entry level competitive collegiate athletes. Ten female and 5 male competitive soccer players, divided into 2 groups, completed 12 weeks of triweekly training during their off-season. Countermovement vertical jump, 4 repetition maximum squat, 25-m sprint, and figure-8 drill on a 5-dot mat were conducted pre-, mid-, and postintervention. Significant improvements were made by both groups in each performance parameter over the 12-week period (p < 0.05), with no significant differences found between the training groups. Although these training modalities may achieve their results through slightly different mechanisms, the performance-related improvements may not be significantly different for entry-level collegiate athletes with little resistance training experience.
Clinical Considerations for Oncolytic Viral Therapies: A Regulatory Perspective

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first oncolytic viral therapy (OVT), Imlygic (talimogene laherparepvec), in October 2015 for the local treatment of unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with melanoma recurrent after initial surgery, although talimogene has not been shown to improve overall survival or have an effect on visceral metastases.
Reproduction of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 in Gabes Gulf (Tunisia, Eastern Mediterranean Sea)

Cette etude concerne les aspects de la reproduction d'Octopus vulgaris dans le golfe de Gabes (Mediterranee orientale). Durant la periode d'octobre 1996 a septembre 1998, des echantillons d'Octopus vulgaris ont ete collectes dans cette region. La periode de ponte a ete estimee a partir du calcul des indices de reproduction (GSI, HI, OGI et PI). La sex-ratio et la taille de la premiere maturite ont ete determinees. Les resultats ont ete compares avec ceux trouves sur l'espece de l'Atlantique Est et de la Mediterranee occidentale.
Labor market conditions and employment of the mentally ill.

BACKGROUND: The mental health services literature includes assertions that workers with mental illness are at earlier risk of unemployment than other workers when the economy contracts. This possibility is important for several reasons. One is that such a phenomenon would support the argument that the lives of mentally ill persons are made unnecessarily stressful by the stigma of mental illness. Another is that the phenomenon could distort comparisons of the effectiveness of programs designed to prepare persons with severe mental illness for work. Despite its importance, the assertion that severely mentally ill workers are at early risk of unemployment has never been empirically tested. AIMS OF THE STUDY: We aim to test the hypothesis that unemployment among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) increases before job loss among other workers. METHODS: We test the hypothesis by applying Granger causality methods to time-series data collected in two communities in the United States (i.e., Concord and Manchester, NH) over 131 weeks beginning on 12 May 1991. RESULTS: We find no relationship between job loss in the labor market and the likelihood that persons with SMI will be unemployed. DISCUSSION: We speculate that persons with SMI participate in the secondary labor market and that their employment status is unlikely to be well described by data gathered in the primary labor market. This implies that widely available measures of labor market status, which are designed to describe the primary labor market, cannot be used to improve the evaluation of programs intended to prepare the mentally ill for work. We also discuss the possibility that persons with SMI may have needs that are better met by the secondary than by the primary labor market. CONCLUSIONS: The intuition that workers with severe mental illness are affected earlier than other workers by labor market contraction may not be correct. We infer that persons with severe mental illness may participate in the secondary labor market about which we know relatively little. We cannot, therefore, easily adjust program evaluations to disentangle intervention effects from those, if any, of the labor market.
Development of zonular patterns in the human adrenal gland

Microscopic studies of human adrenal glands from 58 autopsy specimens, ranging in age from one month gestation to 69 years, revealed a pertinent developmental pattern in the establishment of definitive zonation. This pattern was established using the following criteria: (1) relationship of age to the developing zones; (2) times of formation of definitive zonation; and (3) the morphological determination of developmental patterns based on staining characteristics.
Epigenetic regulation of metabolism in children born small for gestational age

Purpose of reviewEpigenetic alterations are responsible for modulation of tissue-specific gene expression and genomic imprinting. Mechanisms include posttranslational modifications of core histones and DNA methylation. The review focuses on emerging data highlighting the potential for epigenetic modulation of gene expression in mediating early-life programming of increased risk of adult-onset disease. To illustrate these concepts, we focus on epigenetic programming of insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes, with emphasis on the potential role of the adipocyte and three of its products, fatty acids, leptin and tumour necrosis factor α. Recent findingsRecent studies have highlighted potential mechanisms underlying epigenetic modification of tissue function that may predispose to later development of insulin resistance. These include altered regulation of adipocyte clonal expansion and terminal differentiation via epigenetic modification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, Foxo1 or cyclin D1 expression and signalling that, via altered adipocyte lipid sequestration, alters lipid delivery to nonadipose tissue and, therefore, insulin action or modification of adipokine or cytokine expression and signalling. Direct epigenetic modification of insulin action in muscle may be achieved through altered stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 expression, which correlates with low fatty acid oxidation. SummaryWhile poor early growth and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood are undisputedly linked, the relative impact of environment or genotype remains unclear. Altered DNA methylation patterns could, potentially, serve as biomarkers for assessment of prognosis and could help in the development of prophylactic strategies.
Life After Cancer in Childhood: Social Adjustment and Educational and Vocational Status of Young-Adult Survivors

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term social effect of illness and its treatment on young-adult survivors of pediatric cancer by addressing a selection of general social adjustment criteria. Methods: In a cross-sectional case–control study, 30 young-adult survivors of childhood cancer were compared with (1) controls with no history of serious illness, matched by sex, age, and geographic area of residence, and (2) general population norms on the subject of educational and vocational factors, habitation, family/partner relationships, parenthood, and leisure activities. Results: The educational status of survivors was similar to that of controls, although a smaller proportion of the patients expressed concrete plans for future vocational or educational advancement. Survivors had less frequently entered higher education compared with general population norms. A longer duration of treatment was related to a lower estimated socioeconomic level, and poor psychological coping with the illness experience was associated with the fact that they were still living with their parents, a shorter education, and a lower socioeconomic level. Conclusions: The social, vocational, and educational adjustment of relapse-free survivors from childhood cancer appears as only moderately, if at all, negatively affected by the illness and treatment history. However, the treatment intensity and particularly the survivors' coping with their illness experience may influence their ability to achieve long-term social goals. These findings suggest that special attention should be given to matters concerning education and partner relationships at long-term follow-up of pediatric cancer patients.
Stroke Increases G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Expression in the Brain of Male but Not Female Mice

The novel estrogen receptor, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER, previously named GPR30), is widely distributed throughout the male and female brain and, thus, could potentially play a role in estrogen-mediated neuroprotective effects in diseases such as stroke. We hypothesized that GPER distribution and expression in the brain of male, intact female, and ovariectomized (OVX) mice is increased after 0.5 h middle cerebral artery occlusion. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that ischemia reperfusion increased GPER distribution in the peri-infarct brain regions of male mice, but surprisingly not in intact females or OVX mice. Similar differences were observed in the male and female human brain after stroke. In contrast, GPER distribution was decreased in the infarct core of all mice examined. Furthermore, GPER immunofluorescence was co-localized with the endothelial cell marker, von Willebrand factor, and the neuronal marker, NeuN. Consistent with the immunohistochemical findings, Western blot analysis showed GPER expression is only elevated in the ischemic hemisphere of male mice. Moreover, GPER mRNA expression in males was elevated at 4 h but had returned to baseline by 24 h. In conclusion, these findings indicate that GPER may be a potential therapeutic target after stroke, especially in males, in whom estrogen therapy is not feasible.
Flare Statistics for Young Stars from a Convolutional Neural Network Analysis of TESS Data

All-sky photometric time-series missions have allowed for the monitoring of thousands of young (t age < 800 Myr) stars in order to understand the evolution of stellar activity. Here, we developed a convolutional neural network (CNN), stella, specifically trained to find flares in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) short-cadence data. We applied the network to 3200 young stars in order to evaluate flare rates as a function of age and spectral type. The CNN takes a few seconds to identify flares on a single light curve. We also measured rotation periods for 1500 of our targets and find that flares of all amplitudes are present across all spot phases, suggesting high spot coverage across the entire surface. Additionally, flare rates and amplitudes decrease for stars t age > 50 Myr across all temperatures T eff ≥ 4000 K, while stars from 2300 ≤ T eff < 4000 K show no evolution across 800 Myr. Stars of T eff ≤ 4000 K also show higher flare rates and amplitudes across all ages. We investigate the effects of high flare rates on photoevaporative atmospheric mass loss for young planets. In the presence of flares, planets lose 4%–7% more atmosphere over the first 1 Gyr. stella is an open-source Python toolkit hosted on GitHub and PyPI.
Interaction of myosin subfragment 1 with F‐actin studied by differential scanning calorimetry

The thermal unfolding of the myosin subfragment 1 (S1) and of filamentous actin (F‐actin) in their strong complex obtained in the presence of ADP was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is shown that in the acto‐S1 complexes S1 and F‐actin melt separately, and thermal transitions of each protein can be easily followed. Interaction of S1 with F‐actin significantly increases S1 thermal stability and also affects the thermal stability of F‐actin. Although S1 unfolds at much lower temperature than F‐actin, the molecules of S1 remain bound to F‐actin even after full denaturation. Under these conditions S1 may induce cross‐linking between actin filaments. It is concluded that DSC studies on the acto‐S1 complexes offer a new and promising approach to investigate the structural changes which occur in the myosin head and in F‐actin due to their interaction.
Untersuchung der Eigenschaften ausgewählter Verifikationsmaße anhand hochauflösender NWP Modellvorhersagen während MAP D-PHASE

Die Kurz- und Kurzestfristvorhersagen meteorologischer Bodenparameter von sieben hochauflosenden numerischen Wettervorhersagemodellen fur den Sommer und Herbst 2007 werden in dieser Arbeit mithilfe des Analysesystems Vienna Enhanced Resolution Analysis (VERA) verglichen und verifiziert. Die Datenbasis stutzt sich auf die internationalen Projekte COPS und MAP D-PHASE, aus denen sowohl ein sehr dichtes Beobachtungsnetz uber Mitteleuropa als auch Vorhersagen aus den Modellketten verschiedener Wetterdienste zur Verfugung stehen. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Auswahl jener, teilweise ineinander eingebetteten Modelle behandelt: ALADIN-FR und AROME (Meteo France), COSMO-7 und COSMO-2 (MeteoSchweiz), COSMO-EU und COSMO-DE (DWD) sowie CMC-GEM-L (EnvironmentCanada-CMC). Unterschiede zwischen den Modellfamilien, aber auch das verschiedene Verhalten von feinerem und groberem Modell einer Kette konnen ausgemacht werden. Als statistische Methoden werden „klassische“ (also nicht-raumliche, nicht-objektbasierte) Verifikationsansatze angewendet, die einen direkten Vergleich mehrerer Modelle erlauben. Zu diesem Zweck werden unter anderem skill scores ausgewertet, die die Verbesserung gegenuber einer Referenzprognose, wie einem langjahrigen Klimamittel (MESOCLIM, eine 35-jahrige mesoskalige Klimatologie uber dem erweiterten Alpenraum) oder der Persistenz aufzeigen. Fur skill scores binarer Ereignisse zeigt sich, dass eine Abwandlung ebendieser durch eine quantilsbasierte Schwellwert-Bestimmung speziell bei der Niederschlagsverifikation nutzlich sein kann. Herausforderungen an die Modelle stellt die komplexe Orographie im geographischen Gebiet der Untersuchungen, das einen Grosteil der Alpen einschliest. Spezifischere Evaluierungen regionaler Unterschiede werden zusatzlich im kleineren „COPS-Gebiet“ von Vogesen, Rheintal und Schwarzwald durchgefuhrt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zudem Unterschiede verschiedener Vorhersageaspekte im Tages- und Jahreszeitenverlauf, sowie fur einzelne Kaltfrontereignisse auf.