Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short‐time‐scale variability in ventilation and export productivity during the formation of Mediterranean sapropel S1

[1] High-resolution laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) scanning of laminated sediments from the Urania basin is used to investigate short-time-scale variability in export productivity and redox conditions during the formation of eastern Mediterranean sapropel S1. Sedimentary enrichments of molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), and uranium (U) reflect deep-water redox conditions, most likely those near to the seawater-brine interface, while enrichment of Ba is related to biogenic barite and hence to export productivity. The enrichments of all four elements show strong variability on multidecadal to multicentennial time scales throughout S1. A partial decoupling of export productivity from redox conditions at the height of sapropel formation suggests that hydrographic changes, i.e., a variable ventilation rate of the eastern Mediterranean, played an important role in determining deep-water redox conditions. A pronounced switch is observed in the enrichments of redox-sensitive trace metals, from dominantly 300–600 year variability during early S1 to dominantly 100–300 year variability during late S1, indicating a change in the mean frequency of variability in the ventilation rate. The presence of a similar shift in the frequency of tropical and extratropical climate records at this time suggests that ventilation of the eastern Mediterranean was coupled to global climate variability.
Consonant Gradation in Finnish Dialects

This paper examines qualitative gradation data from Kettunen's (1940) dialect atlas of Finnish. The analysis of the data proposes that the dialects share common representations and a gradation rule which involves the addition of a non-nasal SV node. This allows a unified analysis where all dialectal patterns may be subsumed under a single rule.
Una Revisión Sistemática de Métodos para Localizar Automáticamente Objetos en Imágenes

Actualmente, muchas aplicaciones requieren localizar de forma precisa los objetos que aparecen en una imagen, para su posterior procesamiento. Este es el caso de la inspección visual en la industria, los sistemas de diagnóstico clínico asistido por computador, la detección de obstáculos en vehículos o en robots, entre otros. Sin embargo, diversos factores como la calidad de la imagen y la apariencia de los objetos a detectar, dificultan la localización automática. En este artículo realizamos una revisión sistemática de los principales métodos utilizados para localizar objetos, considerando desde los métodos basados en ventanas deslizantes, como el detector propuesto por Viola y Jones, hasta los métodos actuales que usan redes de aprendizaje profundo, tales como Faster-RCNNo Mask-RCNN. Para cada propuesta, describimos los detalles relevantes, considerando sus ventajas y desventajas, así como sus aplicaciones en diversas áreas. El artículo pretende proporcionar una revisión ordenada y condensada del estado del arte de estas técnicas, su utilidad y sus implementaciones a fin de facilitar su conocimiento y uso por cualquier investigador que requiera localizar objetos en imágenes digitales. Concluimos este trabajo resumiendo las ideas presentadas y discutiendo líneas de trabajo futuro.
The Extension of the Indicator-Function of Feelings

In the following commentary I will first briefly review the target article, then voice some critical points, and last offer a positive proposal according to which tension in self-deception is a kind of a metacognitive feeling. Proust offers a novel, inspiring view that feelings possess an indexical (non-conceptual) format, are transparent (that is, they may be re-described in propositional terms, but not thereby changed), and acquire valence if the rate of change towards fulfilling the given affordance is greater or less than expected. In my critique I will first point to difficulties in disentangling feelings from emotions, then try to provide a more precise description of the formal object of feelings, along with some examples, and offer a definition of “directness” that is consistent with predictive coding —as well as argue that feelings might be influenced by concepts even if they themselves are non-conceptual. Last, I propose that tension in self-deception is a metacognitive feeling.
Visual Tracking via Feature Tensor Multimanifold Discriminate Analysis

In the visual tracking scenarios, if there are multiple objects, due to the interference of similar objects, tracking may fail in the progress of occlusion to separation. To address this problem, this paper proposed a visual tracking algorithm with discrimination through multimanifold learning. Color-gradient-based feature tensor was used to describe object appearance for accommodation of partial occlusion. A prior multimanifold tensor dataset is established through the template matching tracking algorithm. For the purpose of discrimination, tensor distance was defined to determine the intramanifold and intermanifold neighborhood relationship in multimanifold space. Then multimanifold discriminate analysis was employed to construct multilinear projection matrices of submanifolds. Finally, object states were obtained by combining with sequence inference. Meanwhile, the multimanifold dataset and manifold learning embedded projection should be updated online. Experiments were conducted on two real visual surveillance sequences to evaluate the proposed algorithm with three state-of-the-art tracking methods qualitatively and quantitatively. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve effective and robust effect in multi-similar-object mutual occlusion scenarios.
Therapeutic conduct in postmenopausal women with different forms of urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence is a serious medical, social, economic and therapeutic issue. This paper is a review of current ideas on the influence of menopause and age on the risk of incontinence. The paper presents selected physiotherapeutic methods used in the treatment of urinary incontinence. The most commonly used methods include: urogenital diaphragm exercises (Kegel exercise), behavior therapy (biofeedback, bladder training), electrostimulation, magnetic therapy and mechanical tools (e.g. vaginal cones). The importance of patient and health professional prophylaxis is also discussed.
InteractIons of PatagonIan toothfIsh fIsherIes wIth kIller and sPerm whales In the crozet Islands exclusIve economIc zone: an assessment of dePredatIon levels and InsIghts on PossIble mItIgatIon strategIes

Within the Crozet Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) longline fishery is exposed to high levels of depredation by killer (Orcinus orca) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). From 2003 to 2008, sperm whales alone, killer whales alone, and the two species co-occurring were observed on 32.6%, 18.6% and 23.4% respectively of the 4 289 hauled lines. It was estimated that a total of 571 tonnes (€4.8 million) of Patagonian toothfish were lost due to depredation by killer whales and both killer and sperm whales. Killer whales were found to be responsible for the largest part of this loss (>75%), while sperm whales had a lower impact (>25%). Photo-identification data revealed 35 killer whales belonging to four different pods were involved in 81.3% of the interactions. Significant variations of interaction rates with killer whales were detected between vessels suggesting the influence of operational factors on depredation. When killer whales were absent at the beginning of the line hauling process, short lines ( 40 n miles to prevent killer whales from finding them within a few hours. Although more data are still needed to better understand the way killer whales search and detect vessels, this study gives preliminary insights into possible mitigation solutions to the widespread depredation issue.
A multi-factorial model for performance under vibration

Whole-body vibration affects drivers and passengers in vehicles. These people could be performing a variety of tasks that could be directly related to the control of the vehicle, or could be something unrelated to the vehicle. There is potential for the exposure to WBV whilst performing a task to adversely affect task performance. This paper uses two case studies to illustrate a model of performance and workload whilst exposed to vibration. It is shown that performance whilst completing a discrete task (Purdue pegboard) is easily affected by vibration, but a continuous task (steering wheel) is unaffected. However, in both cases, the self-reported workload increases with vibration. A model is presented that shows that where there is adaptive capacity of the operator, they are able to compensate for the vibration with greater control but at the cost of workload. However, beyond a coping threshold the performance will degrade.
Bilingual terminology acquisition from unrelated corpora

This paper presents a simple yet effective technique for the extraction of term equivalents in different languages. In general, techniques for bilingual lexicon extraction have been related to the elaboration of parallel corpora and have yielded accurate results. However, parallel corpora of different domains and languages are not easy to compile. Because of this, some authors have explored techniques to extract a bilingual lexicon from nonparallel but comparable corpora, which are pairs of texts that are not exactly translations of each other but that roughly "talk about the same things". This paper describes an algorithm that performs bilingual terminology extraction without the need of large amounts of data; dealing with infrequent units; needing not the corpora to be comparable nor other resources like an initial bilingual lexicon to use as seed words. In spite of its simplicity, the results of this algorithm are comparable to those of the state of the art techniques, however it supersedes them considering that it offers a domain and language independent method specially suitable for the extraction of specialized terminology, which is the most dynamic part of the lexicon and the most difficult to acquire.
Simultaneous decolorization and detoxification of black reactive 5 using TiO2 deposited over borosilicate glass

Objective. Removal and detoxification of azo dye by photocatalysis with TiO 2 . Materials and methods. TiO 2 films were prepared by sedimentation at pH 1.3, using as support a borosilicate glass, annealed for 1 hour at 450 °C. Physical characterization was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV/VIS spectrometry. Dye Black Reactive 5 removal was carried-out in a quartz photo-reactor. Results. Optical characterization revealed the films displayed evident TiO 2 spherical particles of various irregular sizes, porous, and without fractures. The average crystal size was 77.5 nm and 77.7 nm for 50 °C (dried temperature) and 450 oC (annealed temperature) respectively. The energy of the band gap (GAP) was 3.02 and 2.68 eV respectively. Maximum concentration of dye that negatively affected color removal was 80 mg/L (17%). At lower dye’s concentrations (10, 50 and 70mg/L) decolorization was greater than 80%. TiO 2 films were reused for five consecutive cycles of 6 hours at 10 mg/L (>80%), and three cycles of 10 hours at 70 mg/L (> 80%). Toxicity results demonstrate that Daphnia magna was more sensitive than Lactuca sativa. Conclusion. TiO 2 films obtained by sedimentation demonstrated a high reactive black 5 decolorization and COD removal (86% and 100%), as well as toxicity reduction.
Updated and extended European dataset of daily climate observations

The European Climate Assessment (ECA) dataset of daily observations, which has been widely used for studies on climate extremes, has been updated and extended. It now contains observational series of 2191 stations located in Europe and the Mediterranean (average inter‐station distance: ∼75 km). About 1200 precipitation series and 750 temperature series cover the period 1960–2000. For a small number of stations (<15%) air pressure, cloud cover, sunshine duration, snow depth and relative humidity series have been collected. All series are quality controlled and the homogeneity of the precipitation and temperature series is assessed. About 50% of the daily series are publicly available for climate studies through the website http://eca.knmi. nl. The main potential of the ECA dataset follows from its daily resolution, enabling studies of impact relevant climate extremes and variability. To guide these studies, climate indices calculated from the ECA series are presented on the website too. Besides, gridded versions of the daily ECA data are available for easy comparison with climate model simulations. A trend analysis for the diurnal temperature range (DTR) demonstrates the utility of the dataset. Seasonal and annual DTR trends were calculated for 333 homogeneous temperature series in ECA and a Europe average trend was estimated. In spring and summer, the DTR increased from 1979 to 2005, whereas in autumn and winter the DTR generally decreased. The European average trend in annual DTR was 0.09 °C decade−1. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Examining IPO Success in the Emerging Growth Enterprise Market of China

Adopting a sample of the initial 243 IPOs from the emerging Growth Enterprise Market of China (GEMC) over the 2009 to 2011 period, this study develops a regression model to investigate the relationships between these factors and suggests that the firm’s net profit and its growth rate substantively determine the IPO volume. In addition, this study adopts probit models to test the influence of the four factors on IPO likelihood, and shows that: 1) fundraising amount, as one of the most significant IPO determinants, is positively associated with IPO probability on the new listing market; 2) the net profit, as a fundamental IPO determinant, is positively associated with IPO probability, but also with other indicators, which demonstrates the fact that the GEMC is a profit-preferring listing venue; 3) the net assets determine IPO probability but not IPO volume on the market.
Effects of agro-chemicals on fishes: With reference to changes in circulating biochemical parameters in Clarias gariepinus induced with Paraquat dichloride

The response of Clarias gariepinus to Paraquat dichloride, a herbicide that is in high demand in the fragile Niger Delta ecological zone was investigated. The herbicide had been detected in most of the water bodies in the region. The fishes were exposed to the range of concentrations observed in the field (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) µg/L for 28 days, conducted under the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guidelines. Signs of stress were monitored and blood samples were taken from the caudal vein located behind the backbone for biochemical study. Biochemical parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. There were moderate changes in cortisol secretion, glucose levels and fluctuation in protein levels. No mortalities occurred during the test. These findings indicate that Paraquat dichloride can be tolerated by the tropical fish. Nevertheless, it should be used with care as incessant usage can increase its concentrations in the environment. The herbicide binds rapidly and tightly to clay materials and can easily leach into water, which could be lethal to aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna. It can also magnify along the trophic level, which could be detrimental to humans.
CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL NO SETOR DE HIGIENE E BELEZA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO

Although the importance of the Hygiene and Beauty sector to Brazilian Economy, there are not many studies addressing the organizational culture of the sector’s companies. This paper reports a case study of a medium-sized company where cultural and managerial patterns are analyzed, as well as their relations with the structural and strategic changes necessary to keep pace with the highly competitive dynamics of the sector.
Comparing Perception and Imagination at the Visual Cortex

Previous experiments have compared the processes of perception and visual mental imagery at the visual cortex. Many researchers have reported that the visual cortex is activated during visual imagery, although some believe that the visual cortex is not activated in a functional manner and that mental images are not actually images, but symbolic representations. However, few experiments have compared perception and imagination. Doing so may shed more light on the mental imagery debate. The purpose of the current experiment was to compare recorded brain activity from the cortex during imagination and perception in 30 college students. The participants were asked to imagine both a red and green sinusoidal grating and a black and yellow checkerboard. First, they were given verbal instructions and were shown a grayscale version of the pattern along with the colors they should use to imagine the pattern. Then, they were asked to imagine the pattern in color in their head. Finally, they were shown the actual pattern and were asked how their imagined pattern compared to the actual pattern. Responses were recorded in all conditions. Evoked potential waveforms were created and visually inspected to look for standard component deflections and to visually compare responses from the perception and imagination categories. It was found that the imagined patterns and seen patterns produced similar waveforms, supporting evidence for the claim that the visual cortex is activated in a similar manner during both imagination and perception.
Correlation between Loss of E-cadherin, Matrix-metalloproteinases and c-Jun expression in Oral Carcinogenesis

Introduction: Zygomatic complex fractures remain one of the most common maxillofacial injuries. They can occur as isolated fracture or associated with other maxillofacial injuries. The aim of this descriptive, analytical study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients treated for zygomatic complex and zygomatic arch fractures at our institution. Patients and Method: A retrospective study involving 60 patients admitted and treated for zygomatic complex and zygomatic arch fractures at the Dept. of dentistry, Sri Manakula Vinayagar medical college and hospital, Pondicherry, India from June 2011 to June 2016 was done. The data collection protocol included: age, sex, cause of injury, anatomical site, associated maxillofacial injuries and treatment modality. Results: 91.7% were males and 8.3% females. Most patients (46.7%) were aged 21-30 years and road traffic accidents (73.3%) was the most common etiology of fracture. Left side (51.7%) was involved a little more than right side (46.3%). The most common fracture site was zygomatic buttress (70%). A total of 51.7% patients had two process fractures, 26.7% had single process fracture and 21.7% had tripod fractures. Mandible fracture (28.6%) was most common associated maxillofacial injury. Surgery was performed with a closed reduction in 13.3% and open reduction in 86.7% of patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that road traffic accidents are responsible for most zygomatic complex and zygomatic arch fractures. Male patients, aged 21 to 40 years, more often sustained fractures. Keywords: Zygomatic complex fracture, Maxillofacial injuries, Road traffic accident
Impact of Technological Change on Wheat Production Risk in Northwest of Iran

There have been many previous studies about technical efficiency in wheat production in different areas in Iran, but attention was paid to impact of input utilization on production Risk and none has focused on impact of technological change on production risk. Thus in this study we tried to determine whether technology has a positive or negative effect on production variation. To achieve this aim, a stochastic frontier production function with a heteroskedastic error structure has been used. A 10-year panel dataset from 8 province (Azarbayjan-e-sharghi, azarbayjan-e-gharbi, Ardebil, Kurdestan, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Zanjan, Eilam) in northwest of Iran was used to estimate different functional specifications. The results indicated that Potash fertilizer and technological change have positive and significant impact on wheat production risk; as well land and labour have a positive effect on wheat production risk but these coefficients are not statically significant. Plus, using phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer and seed have negative and significant impact on wheat production risk.
Age-related secondary glaucoma

Secondary glaucoma is a disease of multifactorial ethiopathogenesis. The word “secondary” indicates that its cause lies in other pathological lesions within the eye or often – outside it. One of the risk factors that predisposes to secondary glaucoma development is the patient’s age. The risk of systemic and eye diseases increases with age. Some types of secondary glaucoma may occur in patients of every age, others are more common in the group of young patients and some of them are only relevant to the group of the oldest ones. In the group of age between 20 and 40 years the most common ethiopathogenesis of secondary glaucoma was trauma and an eye surgery. In the group of patients above 40 years of age the most common reason to develop the secondary glaucoma occur to be the lens pathology, cataracta surgery and the neovascularization. There are presented many typs of secondary glaucoma. During the examination it is worth to consider the age of the patient as it can expedite diagnosis, appropriate treatment and avoid complicated operations with serious risk.
Bepaling van waterschade op de golfbaan Martensplek in Tiendeveen in het najaar van 1998 met behulp van het model SWAP

Een golfbaan in Drenthe heeft na hevige regenval, oktober 1998, langdurig onder water gestaan. Begin 2005 werd Alterra verzocht om modelmatig feitelijk aan te tonen, dat de inundatie het gevolg was van de regenbuien. Geconcludeerd wordt, dat de golfbaan 18 tot 23 dagen onder water moet hebben gestaan; door eerdere regenval stond het golfterrein al onder water; als de hevige buien van eind oktober niet gevallen waren, zou er slechts van 4 dagen wateroverlast sprake zijn geweest