Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimized multiple testing procedures for nested sub-populations based on a continuous biomarker

An important step in the development of targeted therapies is the identification and confirmation of sub-populations where the treatment has a positive treatment effect compared to a control. These sub-populations are often based on continuous biomarkers, measured at baseline. For example, patients can be classified into biomarker low and biomarker high subgroups, which are defined via a threshold on the continuous biomarker. However, if insufficient information on the biomarker is available, the a priori choice of the threshold can be challenging and it has been proposed to consider several thresholds and to apply appropriate multiple testing procedures to test for a treatment effect in the corresponding subgroups controlling the family-wise type 1 error rate. In this manuscript we propose a framework to select optimal thresholds and corresponding optimized multiple testing procedures that maximize the expected power to identify at least one subgroup with a positive treatment effect. Optimization is performed over a prior on a family of models, modelling the relation of the biomarker with the expected outcome under treatment and under control. We find that for the considered scenarios 3 to 4 thresholds give the optimal power. If there is a prior belief on a small subgroup where the treatment has a positive effect, additional optimization of the spacing of thresholds may result in a large benefit. The procedure is illustrated with a clinical trial example in depression.
Effect of suprahyoid muscles on mouth opening with and without lateral pterygoid muscle: 3D inverse dynamic model analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the contribution of suprahyoid muscles to mouth opening in different hyoid bone positions. Methods: The jaw-opening and closing movements were imposed on the 3D inverse dynamic jaw model with and without the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM). The activation of the muscles was evaluated for eight different positions of the hyoid bone. Results: The muscles with 100% activation provided maximum mouth opening (MMO). When the hyoid bone was replaced, the muscles could achieve MMO at the 135º, 180º, and 225º points with the LPM. Mouth opening was estimated to be 36.8 mm in the absence of the LPM. A jaw opening greater than 36.8 mm was seen when the hyoid bone was repositioned at the 90º, 180º, and 135º points. Discussion: The contribution of suprahyoid muscles to mouth opening varies in different hyoid bone positions, with the inferior and anterior positions having a positive impact.
Low Doses of Thymoquinone and Ferulic Acid in Combination Effectively Inhibit Proliferation of Cultured MDA-MB 231 Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells

Abstract Thymoquinone (TQ) and Ferulic Acid (FA) are natural ingredients from Nigella sativa and Ferula asafetida, respectively. Individually both TQ and FA have shown anticancer properties in a variety of cancer cell lines. We investigated the combination effect of lower doses of TQ and FA on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of a breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231. Cells were treated with various concentrations of TQ, FA and various combinations of TQ + FA for 48 hrs. Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)−2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, whereas cell cycle and apoptosis were measured with flow-cytometry after propidium iodide staining and Annexin-V/FITC staining, respectively. TQ (50 and 100 µM) and FA (450 µM), and all the doses of TQ and FA in combination significantly decreased cell proliferation. 25 µM TQ and 250 µM FA individually did not affect cell proliferation but in combination significantly reduced cell proliferation. TQ at 50 µM caused significant apoptosis, whereas, FA did not affect apoptosis. These in vitro data suggest that in combination, relatively lower doses of TQ and FA are effective in decreasing cancer cell proliferation, and thus have anticancer therapeutic potential. Further research is needed to corroborate these findings in an animal model of breast cancer.
Mindful Hypnotherapy to Reduce Stress and Increase Mindfulness: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

ABSTRACT The feasibility of mindful hypnotherapy (MH) intervention for stress reduction was investigated in a randomized trial. Forty-two college-age participants with elevated stress were randomized into MH intervention or wait-list control condition. MH participants completed an 8-week intervention with 1-hour individual sessions and self-hypnosis audio recordings for daily mindfulness. Results indicated excellent feasibility, determined by participant satisfaction, treatment adherence (84% compliance rate), and low rate of adverse events (4.5%). There were significant differences between the MH and control groups postintervention, with the mindful hypnotherapy intervention resulting in significant and large decrease in perceived distress, p < . 001, 15.35 (1.54), Hedge’s g = − 1.14, and increase in mindfulness, p < . 001, 50.07 (2.04), Hedge’s g = 1.36. This study indicates that MH is a feasible intervention for stress reduction and increasing mindfulness.
CT Image Findings and the Role of Interventional Radiology in Vascular and Solid Organ Trauma

Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-2302 / CT Image Findings and the Role of Interventional Radiology in Vascular and Solid Organ Trauma" by: "S. C. Torres-Ayala1, J. Atiles2, L. garcia paredes3, A. P. Marrero Gonzalez4, R. Marquez5, A. Bravo6, A. hidalgo3; 1Mayaguez, PR/US, 2Ponce/US, 3San Juan/US, 4San Juan, Puerto Rico/US, 5Mayaguez/US, 6San Juan, PR - PUERTO RICO/US"
Respiratory Health in a Community Living in Close Proximity to Gold Mine Waste Dumps, Johannesburg, South Africa

The effects on respiratory health in populations living close to silica-rich gold mine dumps are unknown. This pilot study related respiratory health and exposure to mine dump dust using two measures of exposure: exposure group, based on distance lived from the mine dump—high (n = 93) (home <500 m from a mine dump), moderate (n = 133) (500–1.5 km), and low (n = 84) (>15 km, control group); and cumulative exposure index (CEI) derived from exposure group and number of years of residence in each exposure group. Participants were interviewed about respiratory symptoms and had chest X-rays and spirometry. We adjusted for key respiratory confounders. No subject had radiological features of silicosis. The high relative to low exposure group had significantly elevated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for upper respiratory symptoms (aOR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.28–5.97), chest wheezing (aOR: 3.78; 95% CI: 1.60–8.96), and spirometry-diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (aOR: 8.17; 95%CI: 1.01–65.85). These findings were similar for the high relative to medium exposure group, but no significant associations were found for the medium versus low exposure group. Chronic bronchitis and tuberculosis risks did not differ significantly among groups. CEI and exposure group produced similar results. In conclusion, residents residing <500 m from mine dumps had elevated adverse respiratory health effects.
Comprehensive analysis of long non-coding RNA and mRNA expression profile in rectal cancer

Abstract Background: Rectal cancer (RC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in tumor regulation. Nevertheless, their exact expression features and functions remain obscure, and therefore was the aim of the current study. Methods: We utilized the Affymetrix human GeneChip to screen differentially expressed profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs from the cancer tissues and matched paracancer tissues of 6 RC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses identified crucial functions and pathways of the aberrantly expressed mRNAs. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to verify the significant expression differences of 11 candidate lncRNAs between the cancer and paracancer tissues. LncRNA-mRNA coexpression networks were built by calculating the Pearson correlation value to identify significant correlation pairs. Online bioinformatics tools GEPIA2, ONCOMINE, and PROGgeneV2 were used to mine the expression and prognosis of three crucial mRNAs and six verified lncRNAs. Competing endogenous RNA networks were constructed by predicting microRNA response elements and calculating free energy. Results: We found 1658 differentially expressed lncRNAs (778 up-regulated and 880 down-regulated) and 1783 aberrantly expressed mRNAs (909 up-regulated and 874 down-regulated). GO and pathway enrichment analyses revealed the vital functions of the differentially expressed mRNAs, including cell proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, and cellular response to zinc ion. The canonical signaling pathways mainly included the interleukin-17, cell cycle, Wnt, and mineral absorption signaling pathways. Six lncRNAs including AC017002.2 (P = 0.039), cancer susceptibility 19 (CASC19) (P = 0.021), LINC00152 (P = 0.013), NONHSAT058834 (P = 0.007), NONHSAT007692 (P = 0.045), and ENST00000415991.1 (P = 0.045) showed significant differences in expression levels between the cancer tissue and paracancer tissue groups. AC017002.2, NONHSAT058834, NONHSAT007692, and ENST00000415991.1 have not yet been reported in RC. The crucial mRNAs myelocytomatosis viral oncogene (MYC), transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI), and solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) were selected. AC017002.2 and LINC00152 were positively correlated with MYC, TGFBI, and cytochrome P450 family 2 sub-family B member 6 (All r > 0.900, P < 0.050). NONHSAT058834 was positively associated with MYC (r = 0.930, P < 0.001), and CASC19 was positively correlated with SLC7A5 (r = 0.922, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study offers convincing evidence of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs as potential biomarkers in RC.
Enfermedades crónicas en población afectada por el conflicto armado en Colombia, 2015

RESUMEN Objetivo. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar las enfermedades crónicas no mentales, más frecuentes en la población colombiana afectada por el conflicto armado. Metodología. Este es un estudio transversal, que usa datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Mental 2015. La población estudiada se estratificó por sexo y edad y se extrajeron otros datos generales como: nivel educativo y grado de pobreza, medido por el Índice Multidimensional de Pobreza. Se analizaron datos de personas que reportaron haber sido víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano en algún momento de la vida la vida y se reportó como medida de riesgo relativo indirecto la frecuencia de presentación de enfermedades crónicas no mentales. Resultados. Se describió información de 10 764 personas mayores de 18 años siendo una muestra representativa a nivel nacional. Se encontró que 10,4 % de los sujetos afectados por el conflicto armado tienen un nivel educativo superior (técnico o universitario), así como 43,6 % se encuentran en estado de pobreza o en estado de vulnerabilidad. Las enfermedades crónicas no mentales identificadas fueron: hipertensión arterial 20,4 % (IC95% 15,7–26,1), diabetes 6,7 % (IC95% 4,4–10,3), enfermedades reumatológicas 10,4 % (IC95% 7,1–14,9), enfermedades gastrointestinales 19,1 % (IC95% 14,5–24,7), y dolor crónico 6,9 % (IC95% 4,2–11) Conclusiones. La población afectada por el conflicto armado tiene aparentemente mayor riesgo de presentar enfermedades crónicas no mentales, tales como hipertensión arterial y diabetes, lo que evidencia la situación de vulnerabilidad de estas comunidades.
Intrusion Detection System Using Deep Learning and Its Application to Wi-Fi Network

SUMMARY Deep learning is gaining more and more lots of attractions and better performance in implementing the Intrusion Detection System (IDS), especially for feature learning. This paper presents the state-of-the-art advances and challenges in IDS using deep learning models, which have been achieved the big performance enhancements in the ﬁeld of computer vision, natural language processing, and image/audio processing than the traditional methods. After providing a systematic and methodical description of the latest developments in deep learning from the points of the deployed architectures and techniques, we suggest the pros-and-cons of all the deep learning-based IDS, and discuss the importance of deep learning models as feature learning approach. For this, the author has suggested the concept of the Deep-Feature Extraction and Selection (D-FES). By combining the stacked feature extraction and the weighted feature selection for D-FES, our experiment was veriﬁed to get the best performance of detection rate, 99.918% and false alarm rate, 0.012% to detect the impersonation attacksinWi-Finetworkwhichcanbeachievedbetterthanthepreviouspub-lications.Summaryandfurtherchallengesaresuggestedasaconcludingremark.
New Chlorinated 2,5-Diketopiperazines from Marine-Derived Bacteria Isolated from Sediments of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

From the organic extracts of five bacterial strains isolated from marine sediments collected in the East Mediterranean Sea, three new (15, 16, 31) and twenty-nine previously reported (1–14, 17–30, 32) metabolites bearing the 2,5-diketopiperazine skeleton were isolated. The structures of the chlorinated compounds 15, 16, and 31 were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data (NMR, MS, UV, IR). Compounds 15 and 16 were evaluated for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger but were proven inactive. The relevant literature is supplemented with complete NMR assignments and revisions for the 29 previously reported compounds.
Hippocampal radiotherapy dose-constraints for predicting long-term neurocognitive outcomes: Mature data from a prospective trial in young patients with brain tumors.

BACKGROUND Hippocampus is considered to be the seat for neurocognitive functions. Avoidance of hippocampus during radiotherapy to brain may serve to preserve various domains of neurocognition. We aimed to derive radiotherapy dose constraints to hippocampi for preserving neurocognition in young patients with brain tumors by measuring various neurocognitive parameters. METHODS Forty-eight patients with residual/progressive benign or low-grade brain tumors treated with stereotactic conformal radiotherapy (SCRT) to a dose of 54 Gy in 30 fractions underwent prospective neuropsychological assessments at baseline before SCRT and at 6 months, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years. Hippocampi were drawn as per the RTOG atlas. Longitudinal change in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores was correlated with hippocampal doses. RESULTS Mean volume of bilateral hippocampi was 4.35 c.c (range: 2.12-8.41). Craniopharyngioma was commonest histologic sub-type. A drop >10% in mean full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) scores at 3- and 5-years post SCRT was observed in patients in whom left hippocampus received a mean dose of 30.7 Gy (p=.04) and 31 Gy (p=.04), respectively. Mean performance quotient (PQ) scores dropped > 10% at 5 years when the left hippocampus received a dose of >32 Gy (p= 0.03). There was no significant correlation of radiotherapy doses with verbal quotient, or with doses received by the right hippocampus. Multivariate analysis revealed young age (<13 years) and left hippocampus dose predicted for clinically relevent decline in certain neurocognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS A mean dose of ≤30 Gy to the left hippocampus as a dose constraint for preserving intelligence quotient is suggested.
Early Predictor of Functional Outcome for Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke. Study on ICH Score and Leucocytes Count

Acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage is often fatal, so that an accurate prediction of patient outcome is necessary for the patient's families and physician to make decisions for further handling. Assessment of functional outcome that is often used for stroke cases is Modified Rankin Scale, which can only be done clinically at months 3 , 6 , or 12 after the attack. Several attempts were made to predict functional outcome early. ICH Score was made to predict the outcome that can be done quickly and accurately which can be checked directly when patients came to the hospital . The role of inflammatory reactions in the pathophysiology of acute stroke hemorrhage began rising studied recently. Several clinical studies show a link between biomarkers of inflammatory reactions and the outcome of the acute brain hemorrhage, but the relationship between serum biomarkers and functional outcomes among patients who survive has not been evaluated yet. Functional outcome assessment should be done as early as possible, because it can provide informations for management strategies or further managements of the patient, and in particular these would be useful for the patient's families and physician to predict the prognosis of patients. Aim of the study to know the ICH score as clinical indicator and the count of leucocytes as an indicator of immunologic response in predicting 30-days functional outcome in patients with acute haemorrhagic stroke. The results of this study indicate the higher ICH score will worsen 30-days functional outcome. Normal early leukocytes count can be used to predict a good functional outcome in patients with acute hemorrhagic strokes.
Nanoantioxidant–Based Silica Particles as Flavonoid Carrier for Drug Delivery Applications

Nanosystems used in pharmaceutical formulations have shown promising results in enhancing the administration of drugs of difficult formulations. In particular, porous silica nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent properties for application in biological systems; however, there are still several challenges related to the development of more effective and biocompatible materials. An interesting approach to enhance these nanomaterials has been the development of nanoantioxidant carriers. In this work, a hybrid nanoantioxidant carrier based on porous silica nanoplatform with rosmarinic acid antioxidant immobilized on its surface were developed and characterized. Techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform–infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●) assay were used to characterize and evaluate the antioxidant activity of nanocarriers. In addition, drug release profile was evaluated using two biorelevant media. The antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid was maintained, suggesting the correct disposition of the moiety. Kinetic studies reveal that more morin is released in the simulated intestinal fluid than in the gastric one, while an anomalous non–Fickian release mechanism was observed. These results suggest a promising antioxidant nanocarrier suitable for future application in drug delivery.
Reversible Corneal Endothelial Abnormalities With Netarsudil

Purpose: To report a case of reversible corneal endothelial abnormalities after treatment with netarsudil. Observation: A 68-year-old woman presented with the complaint of blurred vision soon after starting treatment with the fixed-dose combination of netarsudil and latanoprost (FC-netarsudil-latanoprost). She had been receiving the fixed-dose combination of dorzolamide and timolol and latanoprost for primary open-angle glaucoma until her ophthalmologist switched latanoprost to FC-netarsudil-latanoprost 2 months before referral to our center. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20-1 in the right eye and 20/20-3 in the left eye. The slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination was remarkable for a guttata-like abnormality of the corneal endothelium of both eyes. The intraocular pressure was 10 mm Hg in both eyes. Specular microscopy revealed irregularly shaped corneal endothelial cells with indistinct borders between cells. FC-netarsudil-latanoprost was replaced with latanoprost in the left eye but continued in the right eye. Nine weeks later, best-corrected visual acuity remained 20/20-1 in the right eye but it improved to 20/20 in the left eye. Repeat specular microscopy was unchanged in the right eye and was normal in the left eye. Conclusion and Importance: Topical therapy with netarsudil can result in guttata-like changes of the corneal endothelium and corneal endothelial cell abnormalities that can be detected with specular microscopy. These abnormalities seem to be transient and resolved upon the cessation of netarsudil. Ophthalmologists should consider the possibility of a corneal endothelial abnormality in patients treated with netarsudil who develop blurred vision.
Convergent evolution of elongate forms in craniates and of locomotion in elongate squamate reptiles.

Elongate, snake- or eel-like, body forms have evolved convergently many times in most major lineages of vertebrates. Despite studies of various clades with elongate species, we still lack an understanding of their evolutionary dynamics and distribution on the vertebrate tree of life. We also do not know whether this convergence in body form coincides with convergence at other biological levels. Here, we present the first craniate-wide analysis of how many times elongate body forms have evolved, as well as rates of its evolution and reversion to a non-elongate form. We then focus on five convergently elongate squamate species and test if they converged in vertebral number and shape, as well as their locomotor performance and kinematics. We compared each elongate species to closely related quadrupedal species and determined whether the direction of vertebral or locomotor change matched in each case. The five lineages examined are obscure species from remote locations, providing a valuable glimpse into their biology. They are the skink lizards Brachymeles lukbani, Lerista praepedita, and Isopachys anguinoides, the basal squamate Dibamus novaeguineae, and the basal snake Malayotyphlops cf. ruficaudus. Our results support convergence among these species in the number of trunk and caudal vertebrae, but not vertebral shape. We also find that the elongate species are relatively slower than their limbed counterparts and move with lower frequency and higher amplitude body undulations, with the exception of Isopachys. This is among the first evidence of locomotor convergence across distantly related, elongate species.
Contemplative Practices and Hypnosis: Emerging Perspectives and Future Directions

ABSTRACT A distinctive feature common to many contemplative practices is a focus of attention and procedure of induction toward achieving an altered state of consciousness. In recent years, practices like mindfulness have become increasingly popular, and there has been increased interest in the relationship between hypnosis and mindfulness-based practices as well as other contemplative practices including meditation, music, and spirituality. However, questions remain such as: What are the similarities and differences between hypnosis and mindfulness/other contemplative practices? ; What is the role of suggestion in mindfulness-based interventions? ; Do some contemplative practices have hypnotic-like aspects in their application? ; What is the role of words, images, and intentions in contemplative practices? ; Can hypnosis be integrated with music and spiritual practices for beneficial effects? This special issue includes eight articles that provide insights and empirical research into contemplative practices and hypnosis. Emerging perspectives and future directions for research and practice are presented.
Glucose Tolerance Test in Clinical Practice is Varied in Basic Research

Citation: Kai-Chun C, Li Y, Juei-Tang C (2018) Glucose Tolerance Test in Clinical Practice is Varied in Basic Research. Int J Diabetes Clin Res 5:084. doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410084 Received: January 26, 2018: Accepted: March 13, 2018: Published: March 16, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Kai-Chun C, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.