Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circulating proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and IL‐6) and IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) in fulminant hepatic failure and acute hepatitis

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is characterized by massive necroinflammation of the liver tissue and is associated with high mortality. Serum concentrations of IL‐1β, tumour necrosis factor‐a (TNF‐α). IL‐6 and IL‐I receptor antagonist (IL‐IRa) were measured in 30 patients with FHF and in 23 patients with acute hepatitis (AH) before start of treatment and in 23 healthy controls. Levels of all four molecules were increased significantly in FHF compared with AH, in which values were higher than in the healthy controls. High serum levels of IL‐1β and a significantly reduced ratio of IL‐IRa to IL‐Iβ (IL‐lRa/IL‐lβ) were observed in FHF patients who subsequently died compared with subjects who survived. TNF‐α and IL‐6 concentrations were correlated with levels of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), an index of hepatocyte regeneration. Although serum cytokine levels varied considerably between patients within each group studied, it is suggested that the striking elevation in proinflammatory cytokine levels in FHF may reflect both the insufficiency of hepatitis virus elimination and a failure to control a vicious cytokine cascade leading to overwhelming hepatocyte destruction rather than regeneration. The high cytokine levels observed in these patients and the significantly elevated IL‐IRa/IL‐lβ ratio in FHF patients who survived compared with those who did not suggest the possible therapeutic use of cytokine antagonists for the control of this life‐threatening disease.
Multisurface Interpersonal Assessment in a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Context

ABSTRACT The interpersonal paradigm of personality assessment provides a rich nomological net for describing and assessing constructs of interpersonal functioning. The aim of this article is to demonstrate for clinicians how the use of a multisurface interpersonal assessment (MSIA) battery can augment psychotherapy (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy). We present 2 clinical case examples and specify interpretative guidelines for MSIA that integrate multiple circumplex profiles (e.g., problems, traits, sensitivities, strengths, values, and efficacies) for each patient. Subsequently, we demonstrate how this approach provides a context to better understand patient symptoms and difficulties, and discuss how it can inform case conceptualization, treatment planning, and intervention.
A dithiol glutaredoxin cDNA from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam): enzyme properties and kinetic studies.

Glutaredoxins (Grx) play an important role in reduction of protein glutathione mixed disulphides. An IbGrx cDNA (561 bp, EF362614) encoding a putative dithiol Grx was cloned from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam). The deduced amino acid sequence is conserved among the reported dithiol Grx, having a CGYC dithiol motif at the active site. A 3-D structural model was created based on the known crystal structure of a poplar Grx (GrxC1). To characterise the IbGrx protein, the coding region was subcloned into an expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. The recombinant His(6) -tagged IbGrx was expressed and purified by metal affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme showed a monomeric band, as demonstrated with 15% SDS-PAGE. The Michaelis constant (K(M) ) for ß-hydroxyethyl disulphide (HED) was 0.50 ± 0.08 Mm. The enzyme retained 60% activity at 80 °C for 16 min. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range from 6.0 to 11.0, and in the presence of imidazole up to 0.4 M. The enzyme was susceptible to protease.
Who reads research articles? An altmetrics analysis of Mendeley user categories

Little detailed information is known about who reads research articles and the contexts in which research articles are read. Using data about people who register in Mendeley as readers of articles, this article explores different types of users of Clinical Medicine, Engineering and Technology, Social Science, Physics, and Chemistry articles inside and outside academia. The majority of readers for all disciplines were PhD students, postgraduates, and postdocs but other types of academics were also represented. In addition, many Clinical Medicine articles were read by medical professionals. The highest correlations between citations and Mendeley readership counts were found for types of users who often authored academic articles, except for associate professors in some sub‐disciplines. This suggests that Mendeley readership can reflect usage similar to traditional citation impact if the data are restricted to readers who are also authors without the delay of impact measured by citation counts. At the same time, Mendeley statistics can also reveal the hidden impact of some research articles, such as educational value for nonauthor users inside academia or the impact of research articles on practice for readers outside academia.
Issues in the Mentor–Mentee Relationship in Academic Medicine: A Qualitative Study

Purpose To explore the phenomenon of the mentor–mentee relationship and to characterize this relationship among people who have obtained early career support from a government funding agency, in order to facilitate the development of future mentorship programs. Method A qualitative study was completed involving clinician scientists who were awarded early career support from a provincial funding agency (Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) and their mentors. Individual, semistructured interviews were completed, and transcripts of interviews were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Results Interviews with 21 population health or clinician investigators (mentees) and seven mentors were completed from October to December 2006. Several themes were identified including the experience with mentorship, experience of being assigned a mentor versus self-identification, roles of a mentor, characteristics of good mentoring, barriers to mentorship, and possible mentorship strategies. Participants believed mentorship to be important, but several experienced significant difficulty with finding mentors and establishing productive relationships. Conclusions Challenges exist within academic medicine around ensuring that clinician scientists receive appropriate mentorship. Strategies to enhance the mentorship process were identified, including the development of formal mentorship initiatives, the creation of workshops organized by funding agencies in partnership with universities, and the development and evaluation of a mentorship training initiative for mentors and mentees. These findings can be applied to any academic health sciences institution.
The evasion of propaganda; how prejudiced people respond to anti-prejudice propaganda.

The Evasion of Propaganda: How Prejudiced People Respond to Anti-Prejudice Propaganda Eunice Cooper & Marie Jahoda To cite this article: Eunice Cooper & Marie Jahoda (1947) The Evasion of Propaganda: How Prejudiced People Respond to Anti-Prejudice Propaganda, The Journal of Psychology, 23:1, 15-25, DOI: 10.1080/00223980.1947. 9917316 To link to this article: http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/00223980.1947. 9917316
A Structured Handoff Program for Interns

Purpose To develop, teach, and supervise a structured process for handing off patient care and to evaluate its effect on interns’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward handoffs. Method The authors developed a formal process for interns on the medicine ward services to hand off patient care at their teaching hospital. In July 2006, attending physicians began to teach and supervise the process. To evaluate the entire structured handoff program (the process, teaching, and supervision), interns were surveyed on the first day and during the last week of each of their month long rotations. Results From June through December 2006, the authors obtained 137 of 144 surveys (95% response) they had administered to 72 consecutive interns rotating through the hospital. During the first three months of the academic year, first-year interns had little confidence in their ability to hand off patients, make contingency plans, or perform read-backs when they began their rotations, but after exposure to the handoff program, their perceptions of these abilities increased (all P < .05). Eighty-five percent of the interns felt that attending supervision of the handoff process was useful or extremely useful, but only 51% viewed the lecture/small-group session about handoffs as useful. Conclusions The structured handoff program improved the participating interns’ perceptions of their knowledge of the handoff process and their ability to transfer the care of their patients effectively. The formal program for teaching handoffs, that included attendings’ supervision of the process, was well received.
Web mining for navigation problem detection and diagnosis in Discapnet: A website aimed at disabled people

The dramatic increase in the amount of information stored on the web makes it more important to familiarize people with disabilities and elderly people with digital devices and applications and to adapt websites to enable their use by these users. Discapnet is a website mainly aimed at visually disabled people, and navigation is a challenging task for its users. In this context, system evaluation and problem detection become crucial aspects for enhancing user experience and may contribute greatly to diminishing the existing technological gap. This study proposes a system based on web‐mining techniques that collects in‐use information while the user is accessing the web (thus, being a noninvasive system). The proposed system models users in the wild and discovers navigation problems appearing in Discapnet and can also be used for problem detection when new users are navigating the site. The system was tested and its efficiency demonstrated in an experiment involving navigation under supervision, in which 82.6% of a set of disabled people were automatically labeled as having problems with the website.
How much hybridization does machine translation Need?

Rule‐based and corpus‐based machine translation (MT) have coexisted for more than 20 years. Recently, boundaries between the two paradigms have narrowed and hybrid approaches are gaining interest from both academia and businesses. However, since hybrid approaches involve the multidisciplinary interaction of linguists, computer scientists, engineers, and information specialists, understandably a number of issues exist.
The Morphology of the Cervico‐thoracic Sympathetic System in Donkeys (Equus asinus L.)

Five adult donkeys of both sexes, used in applied anatomy classes, and perfused with formalin for teaching purposes, constituted the study material. Ganglion cervicale caudale of the examined materials has observed to exhibit individually variable situation as to extend on the left side of the median line, at the alignment of the first and second intercostal spaces and on the right side between the level of the first and third costa. The ganglion extended more caudally on the right side of median line. The lateral surface of the ganglion was determined to be covered with the m. scalenus medius. On the both sides of the median plane, the ganglion cervicale caudale was seen to be situated on the lateral surface of the m. longus colli. On the left side, the ganglion overlapped the oesophagus in two cadavers and on the right side it was situated within a groove between the m. longus colli and trachea in three cadavers. The rami communicantes received by the ganglion cervicale caudale originated from the eighth cervical and first thoracic spinal segments. The ganglion cervicale caudale was formed by the coalescence of the last cervical and first three thoracic sympathetic ganglia. The ganglion cervicale caudale gave off branches that formed the rami communicantes, plexus cardiacus, n. vertebralis and ansa subclavia. One branch extended from the ganglion to the plexus brachialis. in one specimen, two sympathetic–parasympathetic communicating branches were observed to extend from the ansa subclavia and near by the origin of the truncus sympathicus to the n. vagus. In one of the donkeys examined, a branch originating from the ganglion cervicale caudale on the left side of the median plane was determined to end on the ligamentum arteriosum. A microscopic ganglion structure suggesting the existence of the ganglion cervicale medium was determined in a donkey.
Does international collaboration yield a higher citation potential for US scientists publishing in highly visible interdisciplinary Journals?

Generally, multicountry papers receive more citations than single‐country ones. In this contribution, we examine if this rule also applies to American scientists publishing in highly visible interdisciplinary journals. Concretely, we compare the citations received by American scientists in Nature, Science, and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). It is shown that, statistically, American scientists publishing in Nature and Science do not benefit from international collaboration. This statement also holds for communicated submissions, but not for direct and for contributed submissions, to PNAS.
Evaluating topic representations for exploring document collections

Topic models have been shown to be a useful way of representing the content of large document collections, for example, via visualization interfaces (topic browsers). These systems enable users to explore collections by way of latent topics. A standard way to represent a topic is using a term list; that is the top‐n words with highest conditional probability within the topic. Other topic representations such as textual and image labels also have been proposed. However, there has been no comparison of these alternative representations. In this article, we compare 3 different topic representations in a document retrieval task. Participants were asked to retrieve relevant documents based on predefined queries within a fixed time limit, presenting topics in one of the following modalities: (a) lists of terms, (b) textual phrase labels, and (c) image labels. Results show that textual labels are easier for users to interpret than are term lists and image labels. Moreover, the precision of retrieved documents for textual and image labels is comparable to the precision achieved by representing topics using term lists, demonstrating that labeling methods are an effective alternative topic representation.
Comparison of Cytologic Evaluation between Conventional Method and CellprepPlus Liquid-Based Cytology in Body Fluid

Background : Assessment of body fluid cytology is a useful means of evaluating a metastatic tumor. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been developed as a replacement for the conventional Papanicolaou (CP) test. This study was performed to compare CellprepPlus LBC with CP in cytologic diagnosis. Methods : Body fluid samples (n=188, including 72 peritoneal fluid and 116 pleural fluid samples) were divided equally and analyzed by both CellprepPlus and CP. Results : CellprepPlus revealed distributed thin layers of non-overlapping cells. All CellprepPlus preparations were adequate, while 18 (9.57%) CP preparations were inadequate. The respective diagnostic rates of CellprepPlus and CP were 75.0% and 76.1% negative, 10.6% and 6.38% atypical, 5.85% and 2.66% suspicious, and 8.51% and 5.32% malignant. Of the 58 confirmed cases, the sensitivity of CellprepPlus and CP was 94.4% and 73.3%, respectively, and the negative predictive value was 97.2% and 87.9%, respectively. Conclusions : CellprepPlus LBC has better sensitivity and negative predictive value, and produces higher quality slide preparations than than CP, making it suitable as in screening of body fluid as a cytologic diagnostic tool.
Acculturation and Sexuality: Investigating Gender Differences in Erotic Plasticity

The contention that women are more erotically plastic than men is supported by a significant body of data, from which it has been inferred (Baumeister, 2000) that female sexuality may be more flexible and more heavily influenced by contextual factors than that of men. As a direct test of erotic plasticity, the present study investigated the extent to which acculturation was associated differentially (as would be predicted by the theory of greater female erotic plasticity) with the sexual attitudes and experiences of 111 college men and 167 college women. For sexual attitudes, main effects were found for gender, acculturation level, and ethnicity. Women endorsed more conservative attitudes than men, less acculturated individuals endorsed more conservative sexual attitudes than the more acculturated group, and Asian Americans had the most conservative sexual attitudes. For sexual experience, a main effect was found for acculturation, with the more highly acculturated group reporting a greater variety of sexual experiences than the less acculturated group. There were no gender-by-acculturation interactions. This study thus did not find support for the theory of female erotic plasticity, insofar as the impact of acculturation on a sample of ethno-culturally diverse college students.
Reports of the Decline of Empathy During Medical Education Are Greatly Exaggerated: A Reexamination of the Research

Purpose Research is said to show that empathy declines during medical school and residency training. These studies and their results were examined to determine the extent of the decline and the plausibility of any alternative explanations. Method Eleven studies published from 2000 to 2008 which reported empathy at various stages of physician training were reexamined. Their results were transformed back to the original units of the rating scales to make results more interpretable by reporting them in the metric of the original anchors. Next, the relationship between empathy ratings and response rates were examined to see whether response bias was a plausible threat to the validity of the empathy decline conclusion. Results The changes in mean empathy ranged across the 11 studies from a 0.1-point increase in empathy to a 0.5-point decrease, with an average of a 0.2-point decline for the 11 studies (ratings were on 5-point, 7-point, and 9-point scales). Mean ratings were similar in medical school and residency. Response rates were low and—where reported—declined on average about 26 percentage points. Conclusions Reexamination revealed that the evidence does not warrant the strong, disturbing conclusion that empathy declines during medical education. Results show a very weak decline in mean ratings, and even the weak decline is questionable because of the low and varying response rates. Moreover, the empathy instruments are self-reports, and it isn't clear what they measure—or whether what they measure is indicative of patients' perceptions and the effectiveness of patient care.
Predictors of Men's Sexual Desire: The Role of Psychological, Cognitive-Emotional, Relational, and Medical Factors

The aim of this study was to evaluate the main predictive factors of male sexual desire, considering medical, psychological, and relationship factors. The study assessed 205 men from the general population on the following variables: psychological adjustment, dysfunctional sexual beliefs, automatic thoughts and emotions during sexual activity, dyadic adjustment, and the presence of medical conditions. Regarding cognitive and emotional factors, restrictive attitudes toward sexuality (β = −.27), lack of erotic thoughts during sexual activity (β = −.35), concerns about erection (β = −.26), emotions of sadness (β = −.23), and shame (β = −.23) in a sexual context were significant predictors of sexual desire. Dyadic adjustment and the presence of medical conditions were not significant predictors of male sexual desire. A multiple regression analysis including all these variables, in addition to age, indicated that lack of erotic thoughts during sexual activity was the only significant predictor of sexual desire (β = −.28). These findings suggest the importance of cognitive dimensions in sexual desire, particularly the role of attentional focus and lack of erotic thoughts during sexual activity.
How quickly do publications get read? The evolution of mendeley reader counts for new articles

Within science, citation counts are widely used to estimate research impact but publication delays mean that they are not useful for recent research. This gap can be filled by Mendeley reader counts, which are valuable early impact indicators for academic articles because they appear before citations and correlate strongly with them. Nevertheless, it is not known how Mendeley readership counts accumulate within the year of publication, and so it is unclear how soon they can be used. In response, this paper reports a longitudinal weekly study of the Mendeley readers of articles in 6 library and information science journals from 2016. The results suggest that Mendeley readers accrue from when articles are first available online and continue to steadily build. For journals with large publication delays, articles can already have substantial numbers of readers by their publication date. Thus, Mendeley reader counts may even be useful as early impact indicators for articles before they have been officially published in a journal issue. If field normalized indicators are needed, then these can be generated when journal issues are published using the online first date.
Diabetic rat testes: morphological and functional alterations

Reproductive dysfunction is a consequence of diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigated the histological and molecular alterations in the testes of rats injected with streptozotocin at prepuperal (SPI rats) and adult age (SAI rats) to understand whether diabetes affects testicular tissue with different severity depending on the age in which this pathological condition starts. The testes of diabetic animals showed frequent abnormal histology, and seminiferous epithelium cytoarchitecture appeared altered as well as the occludin distribution pattern. The early occurrence of diabetes increased the percentage of animals with high number of damaged tubules. The interstitial compartment of the testes was clearly hypertrophic in several portions of the organs both in SPI and SAI rats. Interestingly, fully developed Leydig cells were present in all the treated animals although abnormally distributed. Besides the above‐described damages, we found a similar decrease in plasma testosterone levels both in SPI and SAI rats. Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the pathogenesis of various diabetic complications, and in our experimental models we found that manganese superoxide dismutase was reduced in diabetic animals. We conclude that in STZ‐induced diabetes, the altered spermatogenesis, more severe in SPI animals, is possibly due to the effect of OS on Leydig cell function which could cause the testosterone decrease responsible for the alterations found in the seminiferous epithelium of diabetic animals.
Interrelationships of scientific journals

A series of models of the interrelationship of scientific journals has been developed from the cross citing amongst 275 journals in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, and biology. The data source was the Journal Citation Index (JCI), a file derived from the Science Citation Index. The JCI consists of a journal by journal tabulation of citings to and from each journal in the Index. A large amount of consistency was found between the citing characteristics of the journals in the different scientific fields, with quite clear boundaries between fields and a few well known cross disciplinary journals as cross field information links. The separate disciplines appear to relate to each other in an orderly manner, with a natural sequence: mathematics → physics → chemistry → biochemistry → biology. Within disciplines the journals form fully transitive hierarchies with very few relational conflicts.