Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controlling the pressure : an investigation of knowledge, locus of control, and value of pressure sore prevention in relation to prevalence.

This is a quantitative and correlational analysis of how staff perceptions of locus of control of pressure sore prevention relate to knowledge and prevalence rates of pressure sores. Reference is made to value of pressure sore prevention. The survey population consisted of nursing and assistant nursing staff in both hospital and community settings of a rural Health Service Trust. Surveys were performed of: prevalence of sores; equipment for pressure relief; knowledge and opinions of aetiology, recommended use of equipment, and risk assessment. A scale was constucted to measure locus of control of life, health, and pressure sore prevention. The hypothesis that higher belief in personal control of pressure sore prevention would be correlated with higher knowledge of the subject, and lower prevalence rates, was not upheld. It is concluded that there are associations between prevalence, knowledge levels, value of pressure sore prevention, and locus of control. Significant differences exist between community and hospital staff, and between trained and support staff. Spearman correlations and Mann-Whitney tests were mainly used. Knowledge and equipment levels were considered satisfactory for adequate preventive measures to be taken. Key personnel, such as Sisters, were significantly associated with prevalence, in that the more they believed they controlled pressure sore prevention, the higher the prevalence rate. This has been explained using typology in terms of the priority and importance they attach to pressure sore prevention relative to other demands. Higher belief that fate controls pressure sore prevention also correlates with lower prevalence rates, perhaps because more effort is invested in trying to stave off the presumed inevitable. Domain-specific beliefs may be less important to prevention than generalised beliefs about control. Recommendations include the following: that methodology is replicated and refined; that the value of pressure sore prevention needs raising; that organisational lines of control need to be clear. Certain types of attitudes amongst staff may be unhelpful in a broader range of conditions and outcomes. Selection processes for nurses should take attitudes and beliefs into account, and there may be an need to change control expectations of groups of personnel.
Dependencia visual en otoneurología: Consideraciones clínicas para la rehabilitación vestibular

The vestibular, visual and somatosensory systems coordinate postural control and adapt to daily activities in different contexts, however, when there is a clinical picture with vestibular symptoms, the weights of these systems change mainly to the visual system, creating a visual dependence. The cerebellum, which is the main responsible for generating vestibular compensation in cases of vestibular hypofunction, plays a prominent role in motor learning generating adaptive behaviors that become key points in vestibular rehabilitation. This article aims to expose what the literature reports in relation to visual dependence in patients with vestibular hypofunction.
AN ASSESSMENT ON: POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE AND CONJUGATE VACCINE.

A vaccine is a biological preparation that helps protect the body against a particular disease. Vaccines are intended to prime the body so that it will recognize a harmful virus or a bacterium. There are several different types of vaccines. Each type has been developed to combat specific challenges presented by the virus or bacteria it was designed to protect against. There are two types of developed vaccine polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines. Thus this review discusses advantages of conjugate vaccine over polysaccharide vaccine. As vaccine research and development has continued to advance, though, more conjugate vaccines have been developed.
Analisis Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Puskesmas Polonia Medan

Tahun 2016 prevalensi cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif di wilayah Puskesmas Polonia Medan kurang dari 21%. Rendahnya prevalensi tersebut mengakibatkan puskesmas ini belum mencapai target yang diberikan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, sehingga penting untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang dapat memengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Polonia Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif di wilayah Puskesmas Polonia Medan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain case control yaitu ibu yang memberikan ASI eksklusif sebagai kelompok case dan ibu yang tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif sebagai kelompok kontrol. Jumlah sampel yaitu 40 orang untuk setiap kelompok dan dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling . Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian diperoleh proporsi yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok ASI eksklusif dibanding kelompok tidak ASI eksklusif yaitu sosioekonomi rendah (52,5%), inisiasi menyusui dini (55,0%), persalinan normal (65,0%), pengetahuan baik (70,0%), dukungan keluarga (75,0), dukungan suami (90,0%). Pada analisis multivariat variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah dukungan suami (OR = 9,26), dukungan keluarga (OR = 8,22), dan inisiasi menyusui dini (OR = 3,97), dimana dukungan suami merupakan variabel yang paling kuat pengaruhnya.
Evaluación farmacoeconómica de la preparación de jeringas precargadas de morfina en una unidad de mezclas intravenosas

10 mg/mL vials. A 1-year period is studied, when 530 patients admitted into the Adults Intensive Therapy Unit were treated following an indi-cation for post-operative pain. A number of 2,904 syringes were prepared, estimated cost-effectiveness being 1,050 %. Using this system, both direct and indirect costs are reduced, potential complications and errors are prevented, and a positive impact on nursing care, drug distribution system and quality of care is seen.
Could we reduce the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in Otitis externa

The incidence of MRSA is once again on the agenda for the hospital management. This strain of micro organism presents a challenge for ENT doctors worldwide. Despite many strict measures taken all over the world, the figures appear to be rising; there has been a steady increase in the number of cases of nosocomial MRSA infections. We examined all external ear swabs samples taken from patients complaining of Otitis externa clinically, in the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital from 1st January, 2004 to 12 December, 2004. We analysed the results of the compared MRSA O. externa to previous study conducted 8 years ago in the same hospital.
Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for the Treatment of Acute Iliofemoral Deep Venous Thombosis

Objective: Acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious venous thrombotic disorder with potentially morbid post-thrombotic sequelae. The purpose of this report is to present our single-centre evolution of technique and the results of catheter-directed thrombolysis for the treatment of acute iliofemoral DVT, and put it into perspective with current literature. Patients and methods: Between May 1988 and April 2000, 54 patients were treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis for occlusive iliofemoral and vena caval thrombosis. Average age was 45 years (range 17-68 years) and the duration of leg symptoms was 5.2 days (range 2-30 days). Routine vena caval filters were not used, although caval filters were inserted in patients with irregular and non-occlusive vena caval thrombus. Initially, urokinase infusion via a right jugular vein and/or contralateral femoral vein approach was used, delivering a 250000-500000 U bolus followed by continuous infusion of 250000-300000 LVh. Catheter delivery has evolved to an ultrasound-guided popliteal or posterior tibial vein puncture and the use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator at a bolus dose of 4–8 mg followed by 2–4 mg/h. All patients received heparin infusion at 500-1000 U/h. Results: Fifty-one of the 54 patients had successful catheter positioning. Forty-five (83%) had a successful outcome. Of those that failed, 2 were treated with a known chronic occlusion and in 2 patients plasminogen deficiency was suspected. Two patients had persistent iliac vein lesions which led to early re-thrombosis. Overall, 14 (26%) were asymptomatic, 28 (52%) demonstrated moderate improvement, 6 (11%) showed mild improvement and 6 (11%) had no clinical improvement. Serious complications occurred in 5 patients (9%). Four (7%) required blood transfusion and 1 (2%) required operative evacuation of an inguinal haematoma with repair of the common femoral vein. Eight patients (15%) developed a puncture site haematoma and 1 patient (2%) had a guidewire perforation of the common femoral vein. Conclusions: Catheter-directed thrombolysis is the preferred treatment for symptomatic iliofemoral DVT. Following successful lysis, residual iliac vein lesions should be corrected with balloon angioplasty and stenting if necessary. Considering the current results and those of contemporary series, a successful outcome can be anticipated in 80-85% of patients, with a significant improvement in quality of life when compared with standard anticoagulation.
Potential health effects of daily khat leaves chewing: Study on the biochemical blood constituents changes among adults in Sana’a city, Yemen

The khat plant (Catha edulis) leaves is grown and consumed daily in Yemen as a natural stimulant by chewing the young buds and tender leaves that contain the stimulant “Cathinone” for the mild stimulant effect. Cathinone is believed to be the main active ingredient in fresh khat leaves. In Yemen this habit has a deep-rooted socio-cultural tradition in which consumers spend part of their time chewing khat (ranging between 6-8 hours per day). The effect of this habit on blood constituent has not been adequately studied in human. There is an extensive literature on khat which estimated the effectiveness and specificity for these substances on kidney and liver function test in animals than humans. The present study was undertaken to investigate the biochemical changes associated with chewing Khat.
Schizofrenia, sintomi ossessivo-compulsivi e trattamento combinato con aripiprazolo e fluvoxamina: un caso clinico Schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and treatment with aripiprazole and fluvoxamine: a case report

Summary Many clinical, epidemiological and biological studies have underlined the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and schizophrenia. The pharmacological treatments of these clinical features have produced controversial results. Our casereport suggests the co-administration of aripiprazole and fluvoxamine produces a significative amelioration of the positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms as well as of the obsessions and compulsions.
Effect of Drug Abusing on Treatment Outcomes among Tuberculosis Patients with Respect to Gender Disparities

Background: Drug abuse has been associated with a higher prevalence of TB infection and incidence of TB disease. It is an important epidemiological factor for poor treatment outcomes among tuberculosis (TB) patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of drug abusing on treatment outcomes of TB patients and clinical comorbidities with respect to gender disparities. Methods: Institution based retrospective study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2015. Data was collected for TB patients with drug abuse registered for TB treatment in a tertiary level referral hospital. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequency, means and percentage (%) were used to present data. Logistic regression model was used to assess the association of treatment outcomes with socio-demography profile and comorbidities. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 850 total patients, 104 patients (12.2%) were confirmed drug abusers. Ninety-six percent of patients were male and 87.5% were diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) cases. Around 79 patients (76%) were reported to be sputum culture or AFB smear positive. Around 37 (35.5%) were cured, 20 (19.2%) cases completed their treatment, 20 (19.2%) had interrupted treatment, while 24 patients (23%) died during treatment and 3 patients were transferred to other location. Current drug abusers 1.276 (1.108-1.453; P=<0.001), prisoners 1.572 (1.220-2.055; P=<0.001) and smokers 1.45 (1.141-1.846, P=0.002), patients with HIV sero positive status 1.269 (1.100-1.563 P=<0.001) and those with smear positive 1.517 (2.137-2.440; P=0.003) had significantly higher risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Conclusion: In the current study, the treatment success rate was lower than WHO set target. Drug abuse together with comorbidities found to have important effect on treatment outcomes among TB patients.
Segmentation of CT Kidney and kidney tumor by MDD-Net

Accurate segmentation of kidney and kidney tumor is an important step for treatment. Due to the wide variety in kidney and kidney tumor morphology, it’s really a challenging task. In this work, we propose the Multi-level double-dimension Network to automatically segmentat kidney and kidney tumor. We select the modiﬁed FPN as backbone and aggregate diﬀerent scale information from multi levels to make the ﬁnal prediction. In the KiTS 2019, we use 170 CT scans for training and the remaining 40 CT scans are used to evaluate the model. At the time of submission, we obtained the best result by averaging multiple models.
mTORC1 Activity Is Independent of PI3K/Akt but Controlled by AMPK in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

In most cancer models, the PI3K/Akt pathway controls the activity of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) that regulates cell growth through the phosphorylation of P70S6K and 4E-BP1. In Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), both constitutive activation of PI3K (PI3K+) and of mTORC1 are detected. We previously reported in AML that PI3K activity is due to the expression of the p110d isoform of class Ia PI3K and is constitutive in 50% of samples at diagnosis. We show here in primary AML samples that the constitutive activity of mTORC1, detected by the phosphorylation of P70S6K on Thr389, is not due to PI3K/Akt activation. In PI3K+ samples, the specific inhibition of p110d with IC87114 does not inhibit mTORC1. Furthermore, a constitutive activity of mTORC1 is detected in almost all AML samples regardless of their PI3K/ Akt activation status. Similarly, the inhibition of ERK/MAPK activity with UO126 does not result in mTORC1 inhibition. Interestingly, in primary AML cells, we shows that mTORC1 is fully inhibited following leucine starvation as observed in non-transformed cells, suggesting that the kinase activity of mTOR is not deregulated and remains accessible to target inhibition. We thus focused on the links between the AMP kinase (AMPK) and mTORC1. AMPK is a physiological cellular energy sensor and becomes phosphorylated at Thr172 downstream of LKB1 in response to a decrease in cellular ATP levels. AMPK then controls multiple metabolic processes such as fatty acid oxidation, glucose production and protein synthesis. Interestingly, AMPK is usually unphosphorylated in cancer cells including AML and thereby represents a potential therapeutic target. We thus investigated the effects of metformin, a potent AMPK activator developed as an oral anti-diabetic drug, in primary AML cells. This compound induces a dose-dependent activation of AMPK that correlates with a decrease of mTORC1 activity. Primary AML blast cells cultured with metformin show a significant inhibition of proliferation, of clonogenic growth and apoptosis suggesting that AMPK may be an attractive anticancer therapeutic target in AML. However, as metformin may exerts AMPK-independent effects, we are producing a lentiviral construct expressing a constitutively activated AMPK mutant to more specifically determine the consequences of AMPK activation in mTORC1 signaling and blast cells survival.
Grouping of middle income countries in terms of variables affecting their health expenditures

It is known that health care resources and expenditures are limited in middle income countries compared to those with developed countries. However these countries usually compared in terms of health care expenditures with OECD countries. It is mentioned in the literature that, in comparisons to be made based on health expenditures for middle income countries, these countries should be compared within groups to be formed according to similar properties within themselves rather than being compared based on developed countries such as OECD countries. Due to this requirement, in this study it was aimed at making groups in terms of variables considered to be affecting health expenditures using WHO and WB data for middle income countries. As a result of hierarchical cluster analysis, it was seen that two groups representing a total of 95 countries were formed. Analysis results indicated that within middle income countries, countries located in Eastern and Western Asia which were in a higher income group were included in the first cluster and countries in Southern Africa and Southern Asia which were in a lower income group were included in the second cluster. According to study results, it could be said that the formed country clusters were similar to the classification made by World Bank according to the income levels of the countries. Study results provided beneficial information about the comparison of middle income countries indicating heterogeneous characteristics in terms of variables affecting health expenditures.
CYTOMORPHOLOGIC PATTERNS IN TUBERCULOUS LYMPHADENITIS

Summary: The spectrum of various cytomorphological patterns in tuberculous lymphadenitis was observed in a total of 100 cases of lymphadenopathy of which 42 were diagnosed as tuberculous on histopathoiogy. Cytomorphological and histological correlation was seen in 32 cases only. Eight cases were considered false negative, and inadequate smears had been prepared in two cases. Six cytological patterns of tuberculous lymphadenitis were observed.
DIARRHEA-PREDOMINANT IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: HEALTH OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH LOPERAMIDE OR BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE THERAPY

Objective: To describe health outcomes, including quality of life and satisfaction with medication, in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (DP-IBS) treated with loperamide or bismuth subsalicylate. Methods: Cross-sectional data from Consumer Health Sciences June 2003 National Health and Wellness Survey, a nationally representative sample of a noninstitutionalized, U.S. civilian population. Patients were currently taking either loperamide (n=176) or bismuth subsalicylate (n=192) to treat DPIBS. Quality of life in the past month was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 8-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-8). Patient satisfaction with the studied medication (PSM) was measured using a 5-point scale from 1 to 5, with 1=not at all satisfied and 5=extremely satisfied. Satisfaction rates were computed as the percentage of patients reporting a 4 or 5 on the PSM. Results: Mean age of patients was 51 years and 77% were female. Quality of life reports were comparable between treatment groups for both the mental and physical component summary scores of the SF-8. Significantly more patients reported that they were satisfied with loperamide (82%; 144/176) versus bismuth subsalicylate (50%; 96/192; p<0.001), with an odds ratio of 4.50 (95% CI: 2.80, 7.24). Conclusions: Patients taking loperamide or bismuth subsalicylate for DP-IBS reported similar quality of life. However, patients treated with loperamide were 4.5 times more likely to be satisfied with their medication than patients treated with bismuth subsalicylate. These factors may prove important for physicians when considering DP-IBS therapy.
Major Reproductive Health Disorders in Cross Breed Dairy Cows in Ada'a District, East Shoa, Ethiopia

Questionnaire survey and regular clinical follow up were conducted to estimate the major reproductive health disorders of dairy cows in ILCA and Almaz dairy farms in Ada'a district, Debre Zeit town, south east of Addis Ababa from November 2013 to April 2014. From 245 cows which were under investigation 91 (37.1%) had at least one of the reproductive disorders. The reproductive disorders according to their relative importance in ILCA and Almaz dairy farms were repeat breeding 39 (15.9%), abortion 13(5.3%), dystocia 8(3.3%), clinical endometritis 3(1.2%), retained fetal membrane (RFM) 2 (0.8%), respectively also the overall mixed disorder was 26 (10.6%). The degree of association of risk factors was assessed and parity found to be directly associated and the association was not significant. However, body condition scores and age had significant differences on the occurrence of reproductive disorders. This particular study indicated reproductive disorders which included clinical endometritis, abortion, RFM, dystocia and repeat breeding were one of the major reproductive disorders responsible for the low reproductive performance of dairy cows. Routine and periodical examination of cows during postpartum period was essential; since most cows acquire uterine infection during this period.
ADENOSINA DEAMINASA: SU RESPUESTA ANTE DESEQUILIBRIOS NUTRICIONALES ADENOSINE DEAMINASE IN MALNUTRITION

It has been previously shown that nutritional produces an increment in the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in thymus, serum and other fluids in immunonocompromised patients. This study analyzed if ADA activity could be used as a biochemical indicator of nutritional status in populations at nutritional risk. Twenty six women with anorexia nervosa (AN) 14-32 years old, and 33 obese children (O) 5-13 years old were studied. ADA activity was determined as described by Giusty and Galante, comparing results with control subjects of the same age. The results (x±SD, expressed as IU/L) were AN: 25.7±8.2 and 21.0±4.6*; and O: 27.1±9.1o and 23.0±5.6 in experimental and control individuals, respectively (*p<0.02). These findings support the hypothesis that ADA activity in serum can be used as a functional indicator related to the defence mechanism in nutritional studies.
Sex Differences in Reperfusion in Young Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results From the VIRGO Study

the 695 women and 458 men treated. Women were more likely to exceed in-hospital and transfer time guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention than men (41% versus 29%; odds ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.27–2.16), more so when transferred (67% versus 44%; odds ratio, 2.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–4.07); and more likely to exceed door-to-needle times (67% versus 37%; odds ratio, 2.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–2.18). After adjustment for sociodemographic, clinical, and organizational factors, sex remained an important factor in exceeding reperfusion guidelines (odds ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.33). Conclusions —Young women with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction are less likely to receive reperfusion therapy and more likely to have reperfusion delays than similarly aged men. Sex disparities are more pronounced among patients transferred to percutaneous coronary intervention institutions or who received fibrinolytic therapy.
Vestibüler Hastalıklarda Koklear Semptomlar Ve Odyolojik Bulgular: Gözden Geçirme

Ic kulak ve vestibulokoklear siniri etkileyen bozukluklarda bas donmesi, vertigo, kulak cinlamasi ve isitme kaybi gorulebilmektedir (1). Koklear ve vestibuler end organlar arasindaki anatomik ve fizyolojik benzerlikler; isitme kaybi ve vestibuler bozukluklar arasindaki iliskiyi aciklamaktadir. Koklea ve vestibuler sistemin yakin iliskisi nedeniyle bu sistemlerden birinde gorulen bozukluk, digerinde de hasara neden olabilmektedir (2). Bu gozden gecirme yazisinda, vestibuler hastaliklarda gorulen koklear semptomlarin ve odyolojik bulgularin, guncel literatur sonuclari dogrultusunda sunulmasi amaclanmistir.