Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a heterogeneous entity with an inflammatory etiopathogenesis. This study investigated the prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with MINOCA. Coronary angiographies performed between June 2015 and August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively and included 72 patients with MINOCA and 248 controls with normal coronary angiograms. The predictors of mortality were determined by univariate Cox regression analysis. The mean age of the subjects was 46 ± 9 years, and 176 (55%) were female. Median follow-up was 21 (max: 42) months. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in the MINOCA group than in the controls (P < .01). During long-term follow-up, the number of deaths was 6 in the MINOCA group and none in the control patients (P < .01). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the NLR (hazard ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.41, P = .001) was a predictor of mortality in patients with MINOCA. Kaplan–Meier analysis also showed that patients with MINOCA had relatively higher mortality rate (long-rank test; P < .01). In conclusion, the NLR is significantly higher in patients with MINOCA compared with controls, and it is a predictor of long-term mortality.
Sport-related femoral artery occlusion detected by near-infrared spectroscopy and pedal power measurements: a case report

ABSTRACT Objectives Approximately one in five professional cycling athletes will eventually develop a sport-related vascular problem. However, detecting such flow limitation is a diagnostic challenge as the sensitivity of the currently available standard diagnostic tools is limited. Methods Here we present an athlete with exercise-induced pain and weakness of the left leg. During the physical examination, pulsations of the femoral artery were palpable but less prominent. He was analyzed in an ongoing research project aimed at improving methods detecting sport-related leg flow limitations. Results During functional testing, the ankle-brachial index of the left leg was moderately lowered. However, results of near-infrared spectroscopy and pedal power measurements were largely abnormal suggesting a severe flow limitation. Conclusion Combining post-exercise ankle-brachial index, near-infrared spectroscopy, and pedal power measurements as routine diagnostic functional testing suggested a severe arterial flow inflow limitation. Conventional diagnostics encompassing duplex-Doppler echography and magnetic resonance angiography confirmed a femoral artery occlusion. Clinical trial registration https://www.trialregister. nl/ identifier is Trial NL8557.Abbreviations: NIRS: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; PPM: Pedal Power Measurements; ABI: Ankle Brachial Index; PSV: Peak Systolic Velocity
A nutrition education intervention in adolescents who play soccer: The IDEHA-F project.

BACKGROUND Diet and physical activity are prioritised in behavioural interventions given their influence on major child health issues. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of an educational intervention, based on the Behaviour Change Wheel model, on adherence to healthy eating habits in adolescent soccer players in Asturias, Spain. METHOD This pilot study involved 319 soccer players (mean age=14.19 years; SD=1.089), who were distributed into a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). The response variables were: the usage rate of, adherence to, and acquisition of knowledge of the Mediterranean diet. The intervention included posters, a web-app, and practical activities. RESULTS The mean score on the knowledge questionnaire was 2.53 for the CG and 3.42 for the IG (p <.001). A weak direct correlation was observed between diet knowledge and KIDMED scores (r =.222, p =.013). The total pre-test KIDMED (p <.001) and diet knowledge ( p =.05) scores explained approximately 33% of the total post-test KIDMED score. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of posters and a web app as intervention tools have been shown to be feasible in order to provide information on healthy eating habits to adolescents who play soccer and to help them maintain those eating habits.
GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS IN GROWTH OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM

Growth as 14-day larval weight in two strains of Tribolium castaneum was studied in a factorial design involving two levels of humidity and three levels of nutritional ingredients: dried brewers' yeast, soybean meal, a vitamin premix, and corn oil. Significant differences between genotypes and levels of nutritional ingredients were observed. Larval weight increased considerably with the addition of dried brewers' yeast and decreased with the addition of corn oil. Genotypes interacted with levels of humidity and various ingredients and interactions were observed between most nutritional ingredients. Supplementation of the basal diet with 5% dried brewers' yeast apparently satisfied all deficiencies whereas the addition of soybean meal and (or) vitamins alleviated only part of the deficiencies of the diet.
p16INK4A Hypermethylation Detected by Fluorescent Methylation-specific PCR in Plasmas from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose: The p16 INK4A tumor suppressor gene is inactivated in many solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), through promoter hypermethylation. Presence of p16 INK4A hypermethylation in precursor lesions of NSCLC and in body fluids of individuals at risk makes it a potential candidate for early disease detection. However, the current low sensitivity of p16 INK4A hypermethylation detection in plasma limits its consideration in a diagnostic grid. Experimental Design: A fluorescent methylation-specific PCR assay (F-MSP) was established to evaluate p16 INK4A promoter hypermethylation in 35 NSCLC and paired plasma samples and in 15 plasmas from healthy donors. F-MSP sensitivity was investigated in combination with microsatellite alterations on 3p (evaluated by fluorescent PCR), K-ras mutations (determined by a mutant-enriched PCR), and quantification of circulating DNA. Assay results were analyzed by two-sided χ 2 or Fisher’s exact tests. Results: p16 INK4A promoter hypermethylation, detectable by F-MSP in 22 of 35 NSLCs (63%) and in 12 of 22 (55%) plasmas from patients with methylated tumors, was independent of microsatellite alterations (detectable in 57% of tumors and 50% of paired plasmas), K-ras mutations (detectable in 31% of tumors but in no paired plasma), or amount of circulating DNA. p16 INK4A methylation in association with microsatellite alterations identified 62% (18 of 29) of plasma samples from patients presenting the same alteration in their tumors, and its sensitivity increased to 80% when combined with the amount of circulating DNA. Conclusions: The establishment of F-MSP remarkably improved p16 INK4A promoter hypermethylation detection in plasmas from NSCLC patients. Microsatellite alterations, circulating DNA quantification, and p16 INK4A hypermethylation might contribute to a diagnostic grid for NSCLC.
NPC-phagy: selective autophagy of the nuclear pore complexes

ABSTRACT Selective autophagy is critical for the regulation of cellular homeostasis in organisms from yeast to humans. This process is a specific degradation pathway for a wide variety of substrates including unwanted cytosolic components, such as protein aggregates, damaged and/or superfluous organelles, and pathogens. However, it has been less clear as to whether a protein complex or substructure of an organelle can be targeted for removal by selective autophagy. One example of such a substrate is the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a large macromolecular assembly that is present throughout the nuclear envelope. Here, we highlight two recent studies that demonstrate for the first time that NPCs are targeted for vacuolar degradation through selective autophagy. Abbreviations AIM: Atg8-interacting motif; NE: nuclear envelope; NPC: nuclear pore complex; Nup: nucleoporin; PMN/micronucleophagy: piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus
Systematics and Biogeography of the Red Algal Genus Yonagunia (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Indo‐Pacific Including the Description of Two New Species from Taiwan

Carpopeltis maillardii has been regarded as a widely distributed species in the Indo‐Pacific region. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of C. maillardii and related species collected from Taiwan and the Indian Ocean based on rbcL sequences, in order to elucidate species boundaries, diversity, and biogeographic patterns. Our analyses show that C. maillardii specimens are only distantly related to the genus Carpopeltis (type: C. phyllophora) but instead form a clade together with species of Yonagunia. We therefore propose the new combination Yonagunia maillardii comb. nov. In addition, two new species (Yonagunia palmata sp. nov. and Yonagunia taiwani‐borealis sp. nov.) are described from Taiwan. The close relationship of Yonagunia to Grateloupia is corroborated by detailed observations of the female reproductive structures, which demonstrate that the development of auxiliary cell ampullae before and after diploidization is similar to that of Grateloupia sensu stricto. Namely, the ampullae are composed of only two orders of unbranched filaments in which only a few ampullar cells are incorporated into a basal fusion cell after diploidization of the auxiliary cell and the pericarp consists almost entirely of secondary medullary filaments. Of all Yonagunia species, Y. maillardii has the widest distribution in the Indo‐Pacific, and can be identified in the field by its relatively thin, feathery, and highly branched morphology. Most other species, including those that occur in Taiwan, are seemingly more range‐restricted. Our phylogenetic analyses resulted in a well‐resolved phylogeny of Yonagunia, with an origin estimated in the Eocene–Oligocene, and diversification of species mainly in the Miocene.
Facial emotion recognition in children with externalising behaviours: A systematic review

Difficulties in facial emotion recognition (FER) are associated with a range of mental health and antisocial presentations in adolescents and adults. Externalising behaviours in children are often one of the earliest signs of risk for the development of such difficulties. This article systematically reviews the evidence (from both group and correlational studies) for whether there is a relationship between FER and externalising behaviours in pre-adolescent children (aged 12 and under), both across and within externalising behaviour domains (hyperactivity, conduct problems, callous-unemotional traits, and aggression). Four electronic databases were searched producing 1,296 articles. Articles were included if they used validated measures of FER and externalising behaviours. Sixteen articles met criteria for inclusion in the review. Overall, the results suggested FER problems are present in ADHD, CP and callous-unemotional presentations, and in samples of children with higher levels of externalising problems rather than in community samples. However, there was no consistent evidence for specific emotions being implicated in the studies reviewed. Clinically, the findings suggest that FER difficulties are commonly associated with externalising behaviours, and hence this review offers some support that FER deficits could be a relevant target of intervention for externalising behaviours. However, more longitudinal studies are required, that control for other variables that might underlie FER difficulties (e.g. IQ or basic Theory of Mind abilities), to inform our knowledge of whether FER difficulties are a causal factor in externalising behaviours.
Hospital Preparedness Measures for Biological Hazards: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis

ABSTRACT Background: Biological hazards are one of the most important and common types of hazards in emergencies and disasters. Hospital preparedness measures for biological hazards are essential for a proper response and mitigation of its effects. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate hospital preparedness measures for biological hazards. Methods: For this research, electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library from March 1950 to June 2019 were searched. Key words such as hospital, emergency department, preparedness, plan, management, and biological hazards were used in combination with the Boolean operators OR and AND. A thematic synthesis approach through the use of MAXQDA software was applied to analyze the data. Results: In total, 5257 articles were identified, in which 23 articles meet the inclusion criteria for entering the process of final analysis. The findings showed three main administrative, specialized, and logistical issues regarding preparedness measures for biological hazards in hospitals. Conclusion: Hospital preparedness for biological hazards is one of the most important hospital disaster plans. Results of this systematic review present valuable advice for policy-makers and hospital managers to prepare and enhance hospital performance against biological hazards.
Effect of Pre-Emptive Gabapentin for Post-Operative Analgesia in Vaginal Hysterectomy under Spinal Anaesthesia

1 Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, VIMSAR 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, VIMSAR 3,4,5,6 Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, VIMSAR Abstract Background and Aims: Various drugs and methods have been tried to alleviate postoperative pain, perioperative anxiety, and apprehension. Opioids, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, and many local anesthetic techniques have been used, but every approach has their own side effects and limitations. Recent works have shown that gabapentin may have an opioidsparing effect and anxiolytic property, without any respiratory depression, gastrointestinal, hematological, renal and hepatic adverse effects. We conducted this study to assess the efficacy of a single dose oral gabapentin as pre-emptive analgesia in comparison to placebo for postoperative pain control in adult subjects undergoing vaginal hysterectomy under spinal anesthesia. Material & Methods: This randomised double-blind study was conducted in 100 ASA grade I and II patients of age 40-60 years posted for abdominal hysterectomy. Patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group G received 600mg oral gabapentin 1 hour before vaginal hysterectomy and Group C received placebo. Total abdominal hysterectomy was carried out under spinal anesthesia. Pulse rate, SBP, DBP, and SpO2 over a 24-hour period, Total tramadol consumption, sedation scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting and other adverse effects were noted. Data was analysed with SPSS version 23 using appropriate statistical tests. Results: There were significantly lower pain scores and reduced analgesic requirements in gabapentin group over a 24-hour period. There was better hemodynamic stability in the gabapentin group. Incidence of nausea, vomiting, and adverse events was higher in patients of gabapentin group, although not significant statistically. Conclusion: Gabapentin used a pre-emptive analgesic, reduces post-operative analgesic requirements.
The effects of low temperature on the growth and total protein amount of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) seedlings

In this study, shocks of cold at the levels of 5,3 and 1oC have been applied to the 6-days old chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) plants. Next, having been left to grow for 72 hours under long day photoperiod circumstances 25oC, the length of their root and epicotyl have been measured at certain intervals. Moreover, the proteincontents of the plants exposed to low temperature shocks (1oC) have been indentified in connection with their controls. According to the results obtained, the low temperature shocks have prevented the length of the roots and epicotyl to a large extent. It is observed that the lower the temperature is, the more the plant's growth is prevented. It has also been observed that the cold sterss caused by the low temperature application might be reversible. The plants get rid of this stress later in low temperatures than in high ones. The low temperature application (1oC) has also considerably reduced the total protein amount.
Improvements in Interface Cohesion Evaluation Method for DSM Clustering Analysis

Design Structure Matrix clustering analysis requires reliable evaluation results of interface cohesion among interfacing elements to produce an effective result. However, the existing cohesion evaluation methods such as the Pimmler and Eppinger’s or Sharman’s can provide biased subjective evaluation results depending on the characteristics of the individual evaluator. In this study, we propose a new quantitative evaluation method for the interface cohesion based on the amount of information being exchanged among the interfacing elements. The study shows the comparison results for interface cohesion evaluation between those of the existing methods and the new method to demonstrate the merits of the proposed method.
Cytoskeletal regulation of synaptogenesis in a model of human fetal brain development

Excitatory synapse formation begins in mid‐fetal gestation. However, due to our inability to image fetal synaptogenesis, the initial formation of synapses remains understudied. The recent development of human fetal brain spheroids provides access to this critical period of synapse formation. Using human neurons and brain spheroids, we address how altered actin regulation impacts the formation of excitatory synapses during fetal brain development. Prior to synapse formation, inhibition of RhoA kinase (ROCK) signaling promotes neurite elongation and branching. In addition to increasing neural complexity, ROCK inhibition increases the length of protrusions along the neurite, ultimately promoting excitatory synapse formation in human cortical brain spheroids. A corresponding increase in Rac1‐driven actin polymerization drives this increase in excitatory synaptogenesis. Using STORM super‐resolution microscopy, we demonstrate that actomyosin regulators, including the Rac1 regulator, α‐PIX, and the RhoA regulator, p115‐RhoGEF, localize to nascent excitatory synapses, where they preferentially localize to postsynaptic compartments. These results demonstrate that coordinated RhoGTPase activities underlie the initial formation of excitatory synapses and identify critical cytoskeletal regulators of early synaptogenic events.
Injection of oral medication into the skin confirmed by infrared spectroscopy

“Skin popping” refers to the practice of injecting drugs, most commonly heroin, subcutaneously or into granulation tissue. Pharmaceutical tablets meant for oral consumption are modified into solutions for injection. Excipients—inactive substances that serve as vehicles for medication—are often not filtered out before injection and result in abscess formation, granulomatous inflammation, and scarring. Common excipients used in the production of pharmaceutical tablets include starch, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, silica, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Identification of these exogenous materials is valuable in confirming the diagnosis of skin popping, especially when patients may not be forthcoming about their drug use. We present a case of subcutaneous oral medication injection in which PVP and cellulose were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Considering the variable cutaneous manifestations of injection drug abuse, recognition of histopathologic and chemical characteristics of exogenous material from oral medications is helpful for diagnosis and intervention.
Convolutional Dictionary Regularizers for Tomographic Inversion

There has been a growing interest in the use of data-driven regularizers to solve inverse problems associated with computational imaging systems. The convolutional sparse representation model has recently gained attention, driven by the development of fast algorithms for solving the dictionary learning and sparse coding problems for sufficiently large images and data sets. Nevertheless, this model has seen very limited application to tomographic reconstruction problems. In this paper, we present a model-based tomographic reconstruction algorithm using a learnt convolutional dictionary as a regularizer. The key contribution is the use of a data-dependent weighting scheme for the l1 regularization to construct an effective denoising method that is integrated into the inversion using the Plug-and-Play reconstruction framework. Using simulated data sets we demonstrate that our approach can improve performance over traditional regularizers based on a Markov random field model and a patch-based sparse representation model for sparse and limited-view tomographic data sets.
The acquisition and generalization of fear of touch

Abstract Objectives Contemporary fear-avoidance models of chronic pain posit that fear of pain, and overgeneralization of fear to non-threatening stimuli is a potential pathway to chronic pain. While increasing experimental evidence supports this hypothesis, a comprehensive investigation requires testing in multiple modalities due to the diversity of symptomatology among individuals with chronic pain. In the present study we used an established tactile fear conditioning paradigm as an experimental model of allodynia and spontaneous pain fluctuations, to investigate whether stimulus generalization occurs resulting in fear of touch spreading to new locations. Methods In our paradigm, innocuous touch is presented either paired (predictable context) or unpaired (unpredictable context) with a painful electrocutaneous stimulus (pain-US). In the predictable context, vibrotactile stimulation to the index or little finger was paired with the pain-US (CS+), whilst stimulation of the other finger was never paired with pain (CS−). In the unpredictable context, vibrotactile stimulation to the index and little fingers of the opposite hand (CS1 and CS2) was unpaired with pain, but pain-USs occurred unpredictable during the intertrial interval. During the subsequent generalization phase, we tested the spreading of conditioned responses (self-reported fear of touch and pain expectancy) to the (middle and ring) fingers between the CS+ and CS−, and between the CS1 and CS2. Results Differential fear acquisition was evident in the predictable context from increased self-reported pain expectancy and self-reported fear for the CS + compared to the CS−. However, expectancy and fear ratings to the novel generalization stimuli (GS+ and GS−) were comparable to the responses elicited by the CS−. Participants reported equal levels of pain expectancy and fear to the CS1 and CS2 in the unpredictable context. However, the acquired fear did not spread in this context either: participants reported less pain expectancy and fear to the GS1 and GS2 than to the CS1 and CS2. As in our previous study, we did not observe differential acquisition in the startle responses. Conclusions Whilst our findings for the acquisition of fear of touch replicate the results from our previous study (Biggs et al., 2017), there was no evidence of fear generalization. We discuss the limitations of the present study, with a primary focus on procedural issues that were further investigated with post-hoc analyses, concluding that the present results do not show support for the hypothesis that stimulus generalization underlies spreading of fear of touch to new locations, and discuss how this may be the consequence of a context change that prevented transfer of acquisition.