Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Fast-and-Fair Collision Resolution Protocol Tailored for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

Wireless technologies have permeated a significant number of devices over the years. On the other hand, Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols strive to deal with an increasing number of contending nodes on crowded frequency bands. This work presents an efficient medium access control resolution protocol. The proposed protocol, termed Collision Resolution Protocol (CRP), uses pulse/tone signaling that works in both Collision Detection (CD) and Non-Collision Detection (NCD) environments. Given n>1 contending nodes, CRP selects a single transmitting node in 16n and 40n time slots, respectively, for the CD and the NCD scenarios, with probability of at least 1-2-1.5n. Furthermore, CRP does not require an exact number, or estimation, of the contending nodes. Extensive simulations on the OMNeT++ shows that, for n = 256 and considering CD-capability, CRP successfully grants channel access in 0.03% of the time required by the IEEE 802.11 standard while improving the number of transmissions per second in 100%. In addition, CRP provides fair resource allocation and reduced channel access latency.
Role of Basic Science in the Development of New Medicines: Examples from the Eicosanoid Field

The role of basic science in the development of health care has received more and more attention. In my own area of research involving the so-called eicosanoids, there are many examples of how studies of structure and function of small molecules, as well as proteins and genes, have led to new therapeutic agents for treatment of a variety of diseases. In most of the cases, the discoveries have resulted in the recognition of novel therapeutic targets amenable to modulation by small molecules. However, there are also examples in which the molecular mechanisms of actions of drugs, discovered by phenotypic screening, have been elucidated. The majority of the examples in this article consist of approved drugs; however, in some cases, ongoing developments of potential therapeutics are cited.
Análisis de la metilación de CFTR, HTR1B, GSTM2 y PENK en lineas celulares tumorales

Las modificaciones epigeneticas regulan la expresion genica pero no producen cambios en la secuencia nucleotidica. La metilacion del DNA es la modificacion epigenetica mejor estudiada en cancer, y en concreto el sileciamiento de genes por hipermetilacion de su promotor, que es un cambio importante que puede ser de utilidad para el diagnostico precoz de la enfermedad. En este trabajo nos hemos centrado en el analisis de la metilacion y expresion de CFTR, HTR1B, GSTM2 y PENK, en lineas celulares de cancer de prostata, mama, neuroblastoma, piel, colon, pulmon, cervix y tiroides. Los resultados obtenidos nos indican que la metilacion de estos genes no es un hecho especifico de un solo tipo tumoral ya que se encuentran metilados en al menos una linea celular de todos los tipos de tumores analizados. En la mayor parte de los casos la metilacion del promotor provoca una disminucion en los niveles de mRNA y proteina. Ademas, la perdida de metilacion inducida por el tratamiento con agentes desmetilanes provoca la reexpresion de los genes metilados, lo que confirma la relacion entre metilacion y perdida de expresion.
The short Synacthen and insulin stress tests in the assessment of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

OBJECTIVE The best dynamic test for the assessment of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the interpretation of the cortisol levels, remain a matter of controversy. We aimed to establish normal ranges with current assays, for both the short Synacthen (SST) and insulin stress tests (IST) and then to use these data to examine whether the SST can satisfactorily substitute for the IST in assessment of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.
Antibiotics in periodontics: right or wrong?

It is well established that periodontal infections are caused by bacterial deposits in supra- and subgingival dental plaque. These infections respond well to measures that aim to reduce the periodontal bacterial load, and clinical improvement occurs when the bacterial challenge is compatible with the host’s immunocompetence. It has also been established that systemic antibiotics can significantly enhance the effects of mechanical periodontal therapy, i.e., scaling and root planing in conjunction with measures that improve the oral hygiene level. 1-3 A minor proportion of the patients with periodontitis does not respond adequately to mechanical treatment, and factors such as smoking, stress, reduced immunocompetence and systemic diseases are held responsible. 3 These patients are prime candidates for adjunctive systemic antimicrobial therapy. A combination of metronidazole and amoxicillin (MA) has shown to be an effective antibiotic regime to combat Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans- (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis-associated periodontal infections. 4-6 Recently, Cionca et al. 7 reported on the adjunctive use of this antibiotic regimen in conjunction to full-mouth scaling and root planing in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Guerreo et al. 6 used a comparable treatment protocol in patients with aggressive periodontitis and showed significantly better improvement of all periodontal parameters in the antibiotic-treated patients compared to placebo-treated subjects 6 months post-treatment. In both clinical trials, the so-called full-mouth disinfection approach was used. This implies scaling and root planing of all affected teeth within 48 hours, subgingival irrigation with chlorhexidine, and chlorhexidine rinsing for 14 days after subgingival treatment. This approach is based on the assumption that untreated periodontal sites may be the source of infection of already treated lesions. This hypothesis of intraoral reinfection has never been proven and cannot be proven based on a clinical protocol. Moreover, it is very unlikely that mechanical periodontal treatment results in complete subgingival elimination of key periodontal path
Indexation Et Recherche D'Images Couleur Par La Nouvelle Matrice D'Uniformite

Les bases de données d'images représentent des volumes d'informations de plus en plus importants, il est donc judicieux de développer des systèmes performants pour manipuler les images, les classer, les indexer et d'y accéder rapidement dans ces grandes bases. Dans cet article nous proposons un nouveau système d'indexation et de recherche d'images par le contenu, en introduisant une nouvelle matrice que nous l'appelons matrice d'uniformité MU. Elle porte toutes les informations sur la structure de la texture, la cohérence et l'uniformité des couleurs et des pixels dans l'image. L'idée de base est d'extraire des indexes significatifs à partir de cette matrice pour indexer les images. L'évaluation de la performance de notre système est faite à l'aide des courbes précision/rappel sur une base hétérogène d'images, les tests que nous avons réalisé prouvent que les descripteurs extraits de MU apportent des améliorations par rapport à l'indexation classique par la matrice des longueurs des plages couleur.
Generation of Alloreactive-Anergized Tr1 Cells From Patients on Dialysis for the Induction of Renal Transplant Tolerance: Are We There Yet?

C linical tolerance induction is considered the “holy grail” for the long-term preservation of solid organ transplant function. Various immunoregulatory cell-based therapies have been introduced of which adoptive transfer with regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been considered a promising one. The Tregs appear to be a heterogeneous cell population and can be characterized by their origin of generation (thymus versus periphery), maturation, and functionality. Grossly, 2 Treg types can be distinguished within the CD4 T-helper cell population: CD4CD25FoxP3 naturally occurring Tregs (harvested as a polyclonal population of T cell receptors) and CD4 Tr1 cells (inducible from naive T-helper cells). Tr1 cells are considered peripheral Tregs that produce interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-β specifically in response to the antigen to which they were initially primed in the presence of suboptimal costimulation. The cytokine profile (and transcription factor profile) of Tregs, including Tr1 Tregs, is dependent on the type of antigen and of immune response that needs to be inhibited. In the current issue of Transplantation, Petrelli et al describe their protocol for the generation of a Tr1-containing cell product from 13 uremic patients (11 on hemodialysis) on the waiting list for renal transplantation. The current study is part of a European Union consortium named “The ONE Study,” in which a multitude of tolerance-inducing cell therapies will be tested in humans. They initially used the same protocol that was proven effective in their previous randomized controlled trial (ALT-TEN) for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease, but found that the repressive capacity of the IL-10–producing dendritic cell (DC10)-primed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uremic patients (which includes the Tr1 cells) was not sufficient. This clearly illustrates that tolerogenic protocols must be tailored for the specific situation of these patients. Therefore, a novel protocol was introduced that used purified CD4 cells instead of the total mononuclear cell fraction of the peripheral blood of uremic patients. These CD4 cells when primed with donor-derived IL-10–producing dendritic cells (CD4/DC10) resulted in a 10% fraction of CD4CD45RALAG3CD49b
GROWTH IN THE INCIDENCE OF HOSPITALIZATIONS WITH RESISTANT INFECTIONS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES: 2000 TO 2006

Rating (CDR) effect size of 0.11 for describing disruptive behaviors was significant. We did not assess whether the subjects had adequate pain control when we measured cognitive functioning; hence, the effect of uncontrolled pain or overmedication on cognitive functioning remains unknown, but there is no reason to believe that elderly people with disruptive behaviors will receive more pain medication before being tested than elderly people without disruptive behaviors. Studies consistently show that elderly peoples’ pain, especially elderly people with cognitive impairment, is undertreated and hence poorly managed. Of our sample of 65 cognitively impaired elderly people, 63% took no analgesics. Of the 36 participants reporting pain, only 36% reported taking over-the-counter (n 5 10) or prescription (n 5 3) analgesics. That is, most of those reporting pain took no analgesics. For those who did, most used only overthe-counter pain medication. Thus, we see no evidence supporting the assertion that our sample of elderly people took larger doses of analgesics than needed. Although five of the six cognitive measures were ‘‘snapshots’’ in time, rather than cognitive functioning averaged over time (as CDR was), cognitive performance is stable over time and physical condition. The only cognitive functioning measure that was found to predict disruptive behaviors was CDR, which is not a pure one-domain measure. CDR assesses six domains of cognitive and functional performance: memory, orientation, judgment and problem solving, community affairs, home and hobbies, and personal care. The CDR score results from a series of interviews, observations, and proxy reports. Proxy report reflects the informant’s observation over a period of time, for example, their observation of memory problems during the previous year. Thus, CDR is a retrospective measure, as were our disruptive behavior and pain medication measures. We agree that analgesic drugs could confound the effects of cognitive functioning on disruptive behaviors, but we found no evidence of any analgesic-by-cognitive functioning interactions in the original analyses (results not presented). Only one subject was taking a tricyclic drug. She also took opioids and was dropped from the analyses when evaluating whether opioids were masking the effects of analgesics, which showed no effect on the results. The results of this study should help guide future research.
What we don't know about the structure of ryanodine receptor calcium release channels

1. The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is the Ca2+ release channel in the sarcoplamic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle and is essential for respiration and heart beat. The RyR channel releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores in a variety of other cell types, where it normally coexists with the inositiol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). The RyR and IP3R, forming a superfamily of homotetrameric ligand‐gated intracellular Ca2+ channels, serve discrete functions: they can be located in independent Ca2+ stores with different activation mechanisms and can be coupled to different signalling pathways.
Eficácia anestésica das soluções de articaína 4% (em infiltração vestibular) e lidocaína 2% (em bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior), associadas à epinefrina 1:100.000, em molares inferiores com pulpite irreversível

Processos inflamatorios com pulpite irreversivel podem promover alteracoes que levam a hiperalgesia e alodinia, tornando mais dificil a obtencao de anestesia local efetiva. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficacia anestesica de duas solucoes e tecnicas anestesicas em molares inferiores com pulpite irreversivel, comparando a tecnica infiltrativa vestibular mandibular com a solucao de articaina 4% (grupo 1) com a tecnica de bloqueio dos nervos alveolar inferior e lingual com o uso da lidocaina 2% (grupo 2), ambas associadas a epinefrina 1:100.000. Tambem foi avaliada a eficacia da tecnica inicial mais uma complementacao (tecnica infiltrativa- articaina com tecnica intraligamentar- articaina e, bloqueio- lidocaina com tecnica infiltrativa- articaina) entre os grupos e comparadas as eficacias anestesicas da tecnica inicial e tecnica inicial mais uma complementacao no mesmo grupo. Alem disso, foi avaliada a relacao entre o desempenho da articaina e a espessura da cortical ossea vestibular e a distância das raizes mesial e distal a mesma cortical, por meio de tomografia computadorizada “Cone Beam”. Para tal, foram distribuidos 43 voluntarios em 2 grupos experimentais 43 pacientes (28 do grupo 1; 15 do grupo 2) com molares inferiores diagnosticados com pulpite irreversivel. Todos foram orientados a preencher escalas analogicas visuais (EAV) para demonstrar a intensidade de dor anteriormente ao tratamento (calibracao), durante o exame de diagnostico clinico (endofrost) e apos 5 e 10 minutos da aplicacao da anestesia. Foram considerados sucessos os casos tratados sem dor com a tecnica inicial e com a tecnica inicial mais complementacao anestesica. Nao foi observada diferenca estatisticamente significante (p=0,0955) para a tecnica inicial (articaina 4% sucesso de 39,7% e lidocaina 2% sucesso de 13,3%) nem para a tecnica inicial mais uma complementacao quando comparados os grupos (p=0,7448). No entanto, quando analisado o mesmo grupo, foi encontrada diferenca estatisticamente significante para a tecnica inicial mais complementacao anestesica no grupo da lidocaina (p=0,0025). Em relacao a analise tomografica, nao houve influencia da espessura da cortical ossea vestibular e da distância entre as raizes mesial e distal ate a mesma cortical ossea no desempenho da articaina (p>0,05). Concluiu-se que, a infiltracao com articaina obteve desempenho semelhante ao bloqueio com lidocaina pela tecnica inicial ou apos complementacao anestesica e que a espessura da cortical ossea e a distâncias das raizes a cortical ossea nao tem relacao direta com o sucesso ou insucesso da eficacia anestesica da articaina. Abstr
Pulmonary Embolism After Cesarian Section Due to Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Despite Normal Platelet Count

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) type II is typically characterized by a decrease in platelet count to values between 20 and 120 x 10 (9)/L or a platelet count fall of greater than 50%. We report on a patient who developed a HIT syndrome, thrombosis of the vena cava, and fulminant pulmonary embolism during heparin treatment after cesarean section, without a significant decrease in platelet count. Lepirudin anticoagulation and ecarin clotting time (ECT) monitoring were used successfully during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Grammaticalisation des marqueurs de topicalisation en français : les expressions du type pour ce qui regarde

This article analyzes in detail the emergence of topic markers in Clasical French : en/pour ce qui concerne, en/pour ce qui regarde, et en/pour ce qui touche (lit. « in/for what concerns, looks, touches », all meaning « concerning »). These constructions followed the usual evolutionary path, from linked adverbial to thematic function, then to topic function. The author examines in detail the contexts in which these constructions undergo reanalysis, and focuses on two criteria, morpho-syntax and topic/comment. It can be shown that the opposition between en and pour is meaningful : pour is found indifferently for all uses, while those containing en are usually restricted to intrapredicative postverbal uses.
Design of an algorithm for the reconstruction of 3-D seismic images from compressed data

This paper presents the implementation of an algorithm in Matlab to perform the reconstruction of a 3D seismogram from a small number of samples randomly acquired, using the compressed sampling technique. This technique is based on the concept that the signals to be sampled must be sparse in Wavelet or Curvelet domain. In order to do the reconstruction of the 3D seismic image, an interior point method that solves a least squares ℓ1 regularized optimization problem is used. This algorithm is used to reconstruct the signal sparse coefficients. At the end of this paper there is a comparison among the reconstructed 3D seismogram with the original seismograms to verify the efficiency in this implementation, and the possible future application in the acquisition process of seismic traces.
Nominals with the suffix -ač in Croatian

The paper presents an analysis of Croatian agentive nominals with the suffix -ac within the Distributed Morphology approach, adopting and applying Alexiadou & Schafer’s (2010) model. The internal morphological structure of the -ac nouns, and their eventive properties were considered in detail. The analysis has shown that the eventive/non-eventive properties of -ac nouns do not depend on animacy, but rather on the episodic vs. dispositional distinction. However, instrument nominals are distinguished from animate nominals in some respects. Croatian -ac nouns exhibit properties that cannot be completely captured by the framework adopted.
AUTOREGULATION OF CEREBRAL

Autoregulation of cerebral circulation is the mechanism by which the cerebral blood flow (CBF) is maintained constant between large limits of arterial pressure. Autoregulation appears only between certain pressure limits. The specialized literature presents 2 possible mechanisms of autoregulation: myogenic reaction and metabolic regulation. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation and the antagonism of reninangiotensin system modulate CBF autoregulation, switching the curve to higher or smaller values of arterial pressure. Cerebral autoregulation is dependent on intracranial pressure as well on venous pressure. This paper is a review of the main mechanisms involved in cerebral autoregulation, its limits in hypertension, of the morphological changes in cerebral arteries and its assessment.
Factor Groupings and Vertical Disintegration

We formalize and extend George Stigler’s famous article \The division of labor is limited by the extent of the market. " We emphasize economies of scale in intermediate goods production as a determinant of rm boundaries and vertical control. We show that there are potential coordination failures which may prevent ecient vertical disintegration, and we discuss when these are more or less likely to be overcome.
Mechatronics: Electronic Control Systems in Mechanical Engineering

Preface 1. Mechatronics 2. Sensors and transducers 3. Signal conditioning 4. Data presentation systems 5. Pneumatic and hydraulic systems 6. Mechanical actuation systems 7. Electrical actuation systems 8. Basic system models 9. System models 10. Dynamic responses of systems 11. System transfer functions 12. Frequency response 13. Closed loop controllers 14. Digital logic 15. Microprocessors 16. Assembly language 17. C language 18. Input/output systems 19. Programmable logic controllers 20. Digital communications 21. Fault finding 22. Design and mechatronics Appendix: The Laplace transform Further information Answers Index
Targeting B-Cell Re treatment landscape of B

Introduced in 1998, the antiof action, was the first agent to improve survival in patients with B with chemotherapy. Laboratory investigation of the B critical nature of this pathway for normal B investigation showed that lymphoma cell lines were also dependent upon this pathway and hence small molecule inhibitors of critical proteins in the pathway we cytotoxic. Subsequent translation to the clinic has shown impressive activity in some types of B lymphoma. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the constituents of the BCR signaling pathway, to illustrate how addiction to this pathway is critical for survival of some BCL, and to summarize the clinical experience with novel small molecule inhibitors of specific proteins in the BCR pathway. We speculate that combination of these agents with newer drugs, each mechanism of action might lead to improved therapy and the eventual elimination of standard chemotherapy from our therapeutic arsenal.
F-18 FDG PET and PET/CT Evaluation of Response to Chemotherapy in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Objective: F-18 FDG PET has been used to grade sarcomas and assess response to therapy in advanced disease. Certain chemotherapy agents are thought to induce an inflammatory response in the tumor bed that can make interpretation of post-therapy FDG PET scans difficult. A review of our experience with PET in assessing therapy response in osseous and soft tissue sarcomas (OSTS) is presented. Methods: This is a retrospective study (January 1999 to December 2004) of 14 patients with histologic diagnosis of OSTS, who had 2 consecutive PET examinations for evaluation of chemotherapy response. The group included 8 men and 6 women, with age range of 18 to 56 years (average, 36 ± 14). Semiquantitative assessment of FDG uptake was performed by calculating maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) before and after treatment. The response to therapy was assessed independently by tumor necrosis at post-therapy surgery and according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria for PET. The follow-up PET examinations were performed at an interval of 28 to 166 days (average, 90 ± 45). All patients ended the ifosfamide regimen at 7 to 36 (average, 16 ± 9) days before the follow-up PET scans. Five of them received methotrexate, adriamycin, and/or cisplatin as well. Results: Based on the EORTC criteria alone, 3 patients (21.4%) had progression of disease (increase in SUVmax of 29%–69%; mean, 48% ± 20%), 5 patients (35.7%) had stable disease, and 6 patients (42.8%) had partial response (decrease in SUVmax of 27%–84%; mean, 62% ± 23%). Across all patients, the tumor necrosis postchemotherapy ranged from 5% to 100% (mean, 64% ± 34%). In 8 patients (57.1%) the tumor necrosis correlated with the SUVmax changes. However, for 3 patients, the SUVmax changes indicated partial response despite necrosis of fewer than 90% of the surgical specimens, whereas 3 patients with >90% tumor necrosis had SUVmax changes indicative of stable disease. Conclusion: The pathologically determined degree of necrosis postneoadjuvant chemotherapy was concordant with PET-assessed EORTC classification of response in 57.1% of the cases. However, a significant number of patients had discrepancies, which may be in part explained by chemotherapy-induced inflammation. The latter should be considered during post-therapy PET interpretation in OSTS.