Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on antibacterial activity of methanolic plant extracts

The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts was screened against 3 gram positive and 3 gram negative bacteria using agar well diffusion method. 80 µl of test extract was suspended in the wells. A control well is loaded with equal amount of the solvent i.e. methanol. The plates were then incubated at 37oC for 24-48 hours. After proper incubation the plates around the extract impregnated wells and this clear zone of growth inhibition was measured in terms of diameter (mm). The inhibition zone is the mean of the three replicates, excluding the well diameter. The (-) sign indicates no activity. Only the aqueous extracts of A. nilotica (leaf and stem) and L. inermis (leaves) were found inhibitory to some of the organisms tested i.e. Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Klebsiela pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium . Salmonella typhimurium was only inhibited by aqueous extracts of L. inermis (leaves) whereas the rest of the aqueous extracts were found to be inactive against all the test organisms. The maximum activity was shown by aqueous extracts of L. inermis (leaf) against Staphylococcus aureus that is 1.9 mm diameter of inhibition zone and the minimum was observed in the case of aqueous extracts of Pergularia daemia (stem) i.e. 0.6 mm diameter of inhibition zone against Bacillus subtilis . Salmonella epidermidis was found to most resistance to aqueous extracts of the plant followed by Salmonella typhimurium . Keywords- antimicrobial activity; methanolic extracts
Progress and Prospects in Evolutionary Biology: The Drosophila Model

1. Introduction and Overview 2. Population Genetics - Genes 3. Population Genetics - Inversions 4. Population Genetics - Laboratory Studies 6. Ecological Genetics 7. Speciation 8. Phylogenetics 9. Genome Evolution 10. Molecular Evolution 11. Development and Evolution 12. Retrospective and Prospective
Molecular diversity among pigeonpea genotypes differing in response to pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers were used to study the parental polymorphism in pigeonpea genotypes differing in responses to pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease and a few agronomic traits. Polymorphic information content (PIC) of SSR markers ranged from 0.23–0.60, with an average of 0.43. The pair-wise similarity coefficient ranged from 0.59 to 0.80. Cluster analysis based on inter-genotype similarity coefficient segregated SMD resistant and susceptible genotypes into different groups suggesting the power of SSR markers to differentiate the genotypes with contrasting expression for response to pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease infection. The genotypes most polymorphic for responses to SMD with high polymorphism revealed by SSR markers were identified. These genotypes were suggested for developing mapping populations for use in localizing genomic regions controlling SMD resistance or for identifying the best recombinant inbred line(s) with a combination of higher grain yield and SMD resistance for direct use as a pure-line commercial variety.
Stability study of the slip power recovery generator applied to the sea wave energy extraction

The author discusses the stability of the slip power recovery generator (SPRG), in open loop and in closed loop, for applications like the exploitation of ocean wave energy by water column devices. The stability study was performed using small displacement models for each of the following situations: SPRG in open loop, SPRG with inner current loop, and SPRG with active power regulation. Numerical results obtained for an experimental 3.2 kVA prototype are presented. <<ETX>>
The Relationship among Sport Media Involvement Experience, Sport Participation, Sport Values in Adolescent: Structural equation modelling

This study investigated how the relation of sport media involvement experience, sport participation and sport values utilizing structural equation modelling. Survey responses of 659 adolescent were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS 18.0. SMIE was found to positively effect sport participation, and sport participation positively affected sport values. But SMIE had no direct effect on sport values. In conclusion, SMIE was found to significantly affect the establishment of adolescents’ sport values through sport participation.
Investigation of the Gas-Liquid Flow in an Agitated Vessel Equipped with an ASI Impeller by Using Tomography Method

In this study, the hydrodynamics of the gas dispersion in an aerated vessel equipped with a newly designed impeller (ASI impeller), a combination of the pitched blade turbine and the Scaba impeller was investigated. The performance of the ASI impeller was compared with the performances of the pitched blade turbine and the Rushton impeller. The non-invasive Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) technique was used to assess the gas dispersion inside the mixing vessel. The effects of the volumetric gas flow, and impeller type and speed were investigated on power drawn, gas holdup, and mixing time. An analysis of the experimental data indicated that the ASI impeller exhibited a minimal effect of the gassing on the power drawn compared to the pitch blade and the Rushton turbine. Measured data on gassed power consumption indicated that the ASI impeller was about 45% more efficient than the Rushton turbine and 20% more than the downward PBT under the general operating conditions in bioreactors for gas flow rate about 1 vvm. Also, this impeller showed a higher amount of gas hold up and lower mixing time compared to the two other studied impellers. A dimensionless correlation for the relative power consumption as a function of flow number and Froud number was developed for the aerated agitated tank. Also, a dimensionless correlation was introduced to compute the overall gas hold up as a function of specific power consumption and superficial gas velocity for the gas-liquid agitated system. The overall conclusion from this study demonstrated that the axial-radial ASI impeller is a good energy-efficient impeller for the aeration system and bioreactors based on the results from the investigation of the data in terms of the power consumption, gas holdup, and mixing time.
Phytogeography, endemism and affinities of the flora of new Amarambalam Reserve Forests in the Western Ghats of India

Floristic analysis of New Amarambalam Reserve Forests, situated in the Western Ghats of India and forming part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, based on surveys conducted during 1997-2000, has been presented in the paper. The forest area extents to about 265 km2, at an altitudinal range of 40-2600 m above msl. The area is the abode of almost all the forest types of the Indian Peninsula, preserved in an almost pristine state. Intensive floristic survey of the area recorded of a total of 1135 taxa of angiosperms, which belonged to 136 families and 644 genera. The flora is composed of 78 per cent dicotyledons and 22 per cent monocotyledons. Phytogeographical analysis of the flora revealed very high endemism, and almost 21 per cent of the total flowering plants recorded from there were those endemics to Western Ghats of India. Among them, 12.5 per cent were species restricted to Southern part of the Western Ghats. Peninsular Indo-Sri Lankan elements represented 15 per cent of the total flora, which demonstrates the affinity of the region with that of the adjacent ocean Island. Regarding the pattern of distribution of various species outside India, 66 per cent of them were of Indo-Malayan and South and South-East Asian range and 30 per cent of the total flora were composed of pluri-regional species or wides. There were only four per cent taxa in the flora, which are either exotic weeds or escapes from cultivation, showing the less disturbed status of the vegetation.
Molecular and craniological analysis of leopard, Panthera pardus (Carnivora: Felidae) in Iran: support for a monophyletic clade in Western Asia

As the largest extant cat species in west Asia, the leopard (Panthera pardus) shows high morphological variation, which has led to the description of seven different subspecies in the region. Different investigations have tried to clarify its phylogenetic structure; however, sample size and spatial distribution insufficiently represent the Iranian population, the largest remaining bulk of the Persian leopard (P. p. saxicolor) in the Middle East that probably functioned as a source for the subspecies' range. We examined sequence variation in the mitochondrial NADH-5 gene for 25 leopards from different parts of Iran. Also, we examined 49 adult male skulls to understand the morphological variation of the Iranian leopard population. Our craniometrical results revealed that while no differentiation is seen based on size or shape characteristics from different parts of Iran, larger individuals normally belong to the northern range. Time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenetic analysis suggested that the Iranian female lineage is a monophyletic group that diverged from a group of Asian leopards in the second half of the Pleistocene. Three closely related haplotypes were identified for the entire country: one commonly found haplotype throughout Iran, south Caucasus and Turkmenistan and two localized haplotypes were sequenced from southern Zagros and eastern Alborz. Accordingly, the Persian leopard population in Iran as well as in neighbouring countries can be protected as a large management unit through large-scale conservation planning. Moreover, the available captive stock of the Persian leopard represents an invaluable source for reintroduction for countries interested in restoring their locally extinct population. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 114, 721–736.
Inhibition of oregano essential oil and EDTA on Escherichia coli O157:H7

Oregano essential oil with and without the addition of EDTA was tested against Escherichia coil. The amount of essential oil, the addition of EDTA and the incubation temperature of the medium influenced the maximum growth rate (μ max ) and the lag phase of Escherichia coli O157:H7. In particular, the presence of oregano essential oil at the time of inoculation caused an increase in the lag phase, a decrease in the maximum growth rate and a reduced final population size. The inhibitory effect on E. coli O157:H7 is probably associated only with the oregano essential oil since there was no antibacterial action in broth samples inoculated with E. coli 0157:H7 and supplemented alone with EDTA. However, the combination of the two was found to increase the inhibition dramatically. The minimum bacteriocidal concentration of oregano essential oil on cells of E. coli 0157:H7 with and without EDTA affected the dense cellular materials and coagulated the cytoplasmic constituents, while the membrane structure tended to be irregular and rough.
Analysis of Chlamydomonas mutants with abnormal expression of CO2 and HCO3- uptake systems.

Eukaryotic microalgae such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possess an inducible CO2 concentrating mechanism that operates as a very close interaction between pyrenoid-based Rubisco, various carbonic anhydrases (CAs), and inorganic carbon (Ci) transport systems. While external and internal CAs have been characterised to the molecular level, the biochemistry and molecular biology of Ci uptake mechanisms have not been elucidated. Both Ci species, CO2 and HCO3-, are taken up by the cells and chloroplasts during steady-state photosynthesis. After acclimation to limiting Ci, CO2 and HCO3- transport, measured in whole cells or chloroplasts, change their kinetic characteristics from a constitutive low-affinity state to an inducible high-affinity state. In order to learn more about the genes involved in the signal transduction pathway and in the Ci transport systems, we performed insertional mutagenesis using the arg7 gene as a selectable marker. Application of aqueous membrane inlet mass spectrometry allowed discrimination between CO2 and HCO3- uptake. Data is presented on two mutants, M46 and M21, which show severe damage to the constitutive Ci uptake systems and which are unable to induce a high-affinity state. The mutations might be either in the signal transduction pathway or in the transporters themselves. In addition, we present data that shows a very close connection between high-affinity HCO3- uptake and high-affinity NO3- uptake in cells of C. reinhardtii.
Analisis Faktor yang Memengaruhi Niat Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi

Bank BPD Bali also play a role in driving the regional economy, especially in the Province of Bali by supporting development funding in the regions, including the service of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. However, there are several obstacles in implementing the system including limited time in completing work, the complexity of the latest system features so that employees are less controlled and experience is still inadequate. The number of samples in this study were 51 people. This study found that personalization and alternative attractiveness had a positive effect on perceived usefulness, alternative attractiveness had a positive effect on perceived ease of use, personalization had no effect on perceived ease of use and system user experience had no effect on both. Then the perception of usefulness has a positive effect on the intention to keep using, but does not affect the perception of ease of use.
Neural-Network Based Iterative Learning Control of a Hybrid Exoskeleton With an MPC Allocation Strategy

In this paper, a novel neural network based iterative learning controller for a hybrid exoskeleton is presented. The control allocation between functional electrical stimulation and knee electric motors uses a model predictive control strategy. Further to address modeling uncertainties, the controller identifies the system dynamics and input gain matrix with neural networks in an iterative fashion. Virtual constraints are employed so that the system can use a time invariant manifold to determine desired joint angles. Simulation results show that the controller stabilizes the hybrid system for sitting to standing and standing to sitting scenarios.
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF SISTEM TATA SURYA TEKNOLOGI AUGMENTED REALITY

Tata surya merupakan bagian dari mata pelajaran IPA pada kurikulum pendidikan sekolah dasar yang menggambarkan Matahari, planet, revolusi serta rotasi planet. Metode yang digunakan masih menggunakan buku gambar 2 dimensi yang tidak menggambarkan secara keseluruhan bentuk tata surya, serta gambar dalam buku tersebut tidak bergerak sebagaimana bentuk rotasi planet-planet dengan kondisi dan bentuk menyerupai aslinya. Maka dari itu aplikasi Augmented reality berbasis android yang penulis rancang akan menampilkan objek tata surya dalam bentuk 3 dimensi dan bergerak, serta penjelasan ditambahkan dengan suara dan disimulasikan seperti gambar dan gerak aslinya. Dengan demikian tata surya dan rotasinya dapat tergambar secara keseluruhan (menyerupai aslinya). Dengan adanya Pemanfaatan Teknologi Augmented Reality Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Sistem Tata Surya Berbasis Android ini, akan menampilkan informasi, bentuk rotasi, serta tampilan keseluruhan planet yang ada pada tata surya dalam bentuk 3D Augmented Reality, dan dapat berinteraksi secara real time. Kata Kunci : Augmented Reality, aplikasi visualisasi, 3 dimensi, android
Silicon and water stress synergy in resistance of sugarcane cultivars to the stalk borer, Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae)

Silicon (Si) improves plant resistance to insect attack and may also enhance tolerance of water stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Si-mediated resistance of sugarcane to the borer Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is enhanced by water stress. Sugarcane cultivars, two resistant to E. saccharina (N21, N33) and two susceptible (N26, N11) were grown in a pot trial, in Si deficient river sand with (Si+) and without (Si-) calcium silicate. To induce water stress, irrigation to half of the trial was reduced prior to inoculation with E. saccharina eggs, and harvested 66 days later. Stressed and non-stressed plants of the same cultivar did not differ significantly in Si content. However, Si+ plants exhibited increased resistance to E. saccharina attack. In Si+ cane, E. saccharina larval survival and biomass was lower than in Si- cane, significantly so for stressed, susceptible cultivars N26 and N11, and for larval mass in non-stressed N26. Stalk damage was reduced in Si+ cane, significantly so for the stressed, susceptible cultivars N26 and N11, and non-stressed N26. This study showed that Si provides greater protection against E. saccharina attack in susceptible, water-stressed sugarcane than in non-stressed cane and/or resistant cultivars. (Resume d'auteur)
Biogeography and Adaptation: Patterns of Marine Life

1. Climate and Limitations of Form Part 1: Patterns of Adaptation along Gradients 2. Shelled Gastropods 3. Bivalves 4. Sessile Organisms Part 2: Interoceanic Patterns of Adaptation 5. Predation and Grazing 6. Relation to Present-Day Conditions Part 3: Geography and Evolution 7. Extinction and Speciation 8. Patterns of Biotic History 9. Barriers and Biotic Exchange Appendix References Index
The Relationship between Scar BCG and the Incidence OF Tuberculosis (TB) in TB Patients at the Basuki Rahmad Health Center, Bengkulu City, Indonesia

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. WHO said the world TB rate had increased since 2014-2017. TB is a world health problem today. Bengkulu Province experienced an increase in the number of TB cases from 2015-2017. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between Scar BCG and the incidence of tuberculosis in TB patients. Methods: This study uses a case control method. The population is all patients visiting the Basuki Rahmad Health Center in 2016-2017. Sample random sampling technique. Calculation of sample size of 2 proportions with previous P1 researchers using the Lemeshow formula obtained sample results 126 1: 1. Results: Of the 126 TB patients who did not have Scar as many as 54 (42.9%) and there were 72 (57.1%) Scar BCG, 69 (54.8%) male sex and 57 female sex (45.2%) people, patients who have a lack of nutritional status as many as 38 (30.2%) people and good nutritional status as many as 88 (69.8%) people, TB patients who have low education as much as 50 (39.7% ) people and those who have higher education are 76 (60.3%) people, 58 patients (46.0%) who contact home and 68 (54.0%) non-contact patients, patients <15-50 year as many as 111 (88.1%) people and patients aged> 50 years 15 (11.9%) people. There is a significant relationship between Scar BCG, nutritional status, gender with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 2016-2017 with p = 0,000 p = 0,000 and p = 0,000. And there is no significant relationship between age, education, household contact with TB incidence in 2016-2017. Counfounding Scar BCG for TB incidence is nutritional status, gender, age and household contact. Conclusion: There is a relationship between Scar BCG, nutritional status, gender with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and counfounding Scar BCG with TB incidence there are 4 variables in the Basuki Rahmad Community Health Center, Bengkulu City. Recommendation: Prevention of TB can be carried out by BCG immunization, taking medication regularly.
The Herbicide Paraquat Causes Up-regulation and Aggregation of α-Synuclein in Mice

α-Synuclein-containing aggregates represent a feature of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, mechanisms that promote intraneuronal α-synuclein assembly remain poorly understood. Because pesticides, particularly the herbicide paraquat, have been suggested to play a role as PD risk factors, the hypothesis that interactions between α-synuclein and these environmental agents may contribute to aggregate formation was tested in this study. Paraquat markedly accelerated the in vitro rate of α-synuclein fibril formation in a dose-dependent fashion. When mice were exposed to the herbicide, brain levels of α-synuclein were significantly increased. This up-regulation followed a consistent pattern, with higher α-synuclein at 2 days after each of three weekly paraquat injections and with protein levels returning to control values by day 7 post-treatment. Paraquat exposure was also accompanied by aggregate formation. Thioflavine S-positive structures accumulated within neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, and dual labeling and confocal imaging confirmed that these aggregates contained α-synuclein. The results suggest that up-regulation of α-synuclein as a consequence of toxicant insult and direct interactions between the protein and environmental agents are potential mechanisms leading to α-synuclein pathology in neurodegenerative disorders.
Gravity and Quantum Field Theory

In this article, we consider the problem of the perturbative quantization of gauge fields in general and that of gravity in particular. To achieve this goal, the conventional quantum field theory and the conventional theory of gravity had to be revised so that they became internally consistent and mutually compatible. The revised system is then conceived as a general quantum field theory within a geometrically based gauge principle so as to recover all known experiments concerning gravity and the standard model of elementary particles at the respective correspondence limits. Despite the formidable appearance of this setting, what transpires at the end turns out to be surprisingly simple. The whole work can be condensed into three simple rules amending the conventional Feynman method of quantization, which then becomes finite and applicable to the perturbative calculation of any effect within the system and, in principle, to any desired order. For maximum efficiency of the communication, we shall present the three rules at the beginning (with examples of application) because they are simpler to grasp than the arguments that led to them and because they get us immediately into the calculations. We leave their possible proofs or justifications to a later discussion; if proofs or justifications are forthcoming, they will, of course, become consequences of higher principles; if not, they will be considered as postulates on which perturbative quantization may be based.
Deciphering the Adaptive Immune Response to Ovarian Cancer

Abstract : The presence of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ TIL) has been associated with increased patient survival in ovarian cancer. We discovered that this effect is even stronger when CD8+ TIL are found together with CD20+ B cells and CD4+FoxP3+ T cells. We hypothesized that CD20+ TIL contribute to tumor immunity by presenting antigens to CD4+ and CD8+ TIL. This year, we discovered that the major antibody-producing cells in ovarian cancer are not CD20+ TIL but plasma cells, therefore our immunoglobulin cloning efforts are being directed toward these cells. We also discovered an unexpectedly high diversity of T cell receptors (TCR) among tumor-infiltrating T cells, which has prompted us to develop a new high throughput method for T cell antigen discovery. Finally, we discovered a novel subset of CD4+ T cells that is strongly associated with patient survival and will be the focus of future antigen identification efforts. Overall, this project is progressing on schedule and is yielding innovative methods and publishable results that lead toward a better understanding of the immune response to ovarian cancer.