Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Porque é tão difícil a integração entre os setores de energia elétrica e gás natural no brasil? uma análise à luz da economia dos custos de transação

O presente artigo analisou os principais aspectos que dificultam a integracao entre o setor eletrico e o setor de gas natural no Brasil, procurando evidenciar como os custos de transacao ocupam um papel central neste problema. Para tanto, foi apresentada uma breve revisao da literatura relativa a Teoria dos Custos de Transacao, analisando de que maneira fatores como incerteza, especificidade dos ativos e frequencia das transacoes podem interferir nos custos transacionais entre os agentes, determinando, inclusive, a necessidade de estabelecimento hierarquias e de estruturas de governanca verticais. Tambem foram analisados os principais aspectos economicos e regulatorios presentes no setor eletrico e no setor de gas natural brasileiro, apresentando as complexidades existentes na insercao da geracao termeletrica a gas natural no pais, a destacar, a dificil conciliacao entre a necessidade de flexibilidade na operacao das usinas vis a vis a viabilidade dos investimentos da industria de gas natural. Atraves desta analise, pode-se concluir que uma maior integracao entre o setor de energia eletrica e o setor de gas natural no Brasil nao deve depender simplesmente da adocao / intensificacao de pressoes competitivas, mas sim, atraves de um aparato regulatorio mais adequado as caracteristicas de estrutura e de funcionamento destes dois setores no pais.
Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies associated with emotional stress during childhood and adolescence/Estudos neuropsicologicos e de neuroimagem associados ao estresse emocional na infancia e adolescencia

Background: Childhood and adolescence are relevant periods for the brain maturation process. Experiences in early life have an important influence on adults patterns of behavior. Objective: To analyze what have been published in the last 20 years about neuropsychological and neuroimaging, associated with occurrence of various forms of emotional stress in childhood and adolescence. Methods: Literature review of the Medline/PubMed database with the terms related to neuropsychology, neuroimaging, abandonment experience, domestic violence, physical and sexual abuse and neglect. Results: 607 articles were found but only 19 fit with the proposed subject and were selected. Despite the differences between the studies, there is evidence that groups with experience of early emotional stress show losses in neurocognitive functions such as attention, intelligence, language, executive functions, and decision-making, as well as changes in hippocampus, corpus callosum prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. The occurrence of psychiatric disorders and behavioral disorders were also relevant in these individuals. Discussion: Considering many negative consequences that early stress can cause in neuropsychological and mental development, there is a need for more research on the topic in order to develop specific strategies for diagnosis and treatment, besides the implementation of public policies for violence prevention in childhood and adolescence, especially in developing countries. Oliveira PA, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(6):260-9
Effects of Curcumin on Some Biochemical Index of Rat in Athletic Training

Through infusing solution of curcrmin,this paper revealed the biochemical mechanism that influencing the athletic ability of trained rat in maximal endurance training.Taking SD rats as research subject,the exercise model was set up by incremental intensity treadmill training.Some biochemical indexes and activity of some enzymes were measured.The result showed that curcrmin could improve the decline of Hb content caused by maximal intensity endurance training,and made the Hb content go up obviously.The activity of ALT,AST,LDH,CK and the content of LDLm BU in Serum are significantly lower in curcumin group than in control group.The content of Cr and HDL in serum was higher in curcumin group than control group.It suggested that the curcumin could reduce the damage of tissues and cells caused by intensity endurance exercise such as liver,myocardium,muscle and kidney.Curcumin can reduce the protein separation of trained rats,increased the contents of liver-glucose,blood-glucose,creatine phosphate and improved the work capacity of rat muscle.Combination of curcumin with exercise can adjust the metabolism of TC,TG,HDL and LDL,and had certain protection on cardiovascular system.Curcumin provided the glucose to trained rats in order to improve the athletic ability and delay the occurrence of exercise fatigue.
The Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Viral Infections

Background Accurate estimates of the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious disease are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply and evaluating the potential effect of new screening tests. We estimated the risk of transmitting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV), the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the hepatitis B virus (HBV) from screened blood units donated during the window period following a recent, undetected infection. Methods Using data on 586,507 persons who each donated blood more than once between 1991 and 1993 at five blood centers (for a total of 2,318,356 allogeneic blood donations), we calculated the incidence rates of seroconversion among those whose donations passed all the screening tests used. We adjusted these rates for the estimated duration of the infectious window period for each virus. We then estimated the further reductions in risk that would result from the use of new and more sensitive viral-antigen or nucleic acid s.
Productivity or Gender? The Impact of Domestic Tasks Across the Wage Distribution: Impact of Domestic Tasks Across the Wage Distribution

This paper assesses the wage impact of domestic tasks across women’s and men’s wage distributions given the cross-distribution variation in unpaid work time. The volume/productivity versus the gender-class normative argument developed here suggest competing hypotheses. Analyses of pooled 2010-15 waves of the American Time Use Survey using unconditional quantile regression revealed that an increase in the lesser time women at the top of the wage distribution spent doing routine housework predicted a smaller wage penalty than at the bottom of women’s wage distribution. Conversely, men at the top of their wage distribution spent the least time doing routine tasks, but incurred the largest penalty for an increase in that time. Increases in non-routine housework or childcare time did not negatively affect the wage distributions of women or most men. Results supported the volume/productivity argument for routine housework among women, but a gender-class normative argument for men.
Health-Promoting Lifestyles of Nursing Students in Mahidol University

Based on Pender's health promotion model, this study aimed to examine the level of health- promoting lifestyles of nursing students in Mahidol University and analyze related factors in 2006. The research design was a cross-sectional analytic study. The study population was undergraduate nursing students who were studying at the Faculty of Nursing; Mahidol University in 2006.The research instrument was a self-administrated questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, means, standard deviations, and median. Moreover, for analytic statistics, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman rank correlation, Chi-square test, and multiple regressions were employed. The research results showed that more than half (53.58%) of the nursing students had health- promoting lifestyles at a moderate level. The nursing students performed best in interpersonal relations but worst in exercise. There were significant differences among the various age groups and studying years with freshmen reporting worse in health responsibility and stress management. There were significantly positive associations between health-promoting lifestyles and health promotion course taken, perceived health status, and perceived health self-efficacy. Among these factors, perceived health self-efficacy was the strongest predictor able to explain 37.8 percent variance of health-promoting lifestyles. An exploration of the results leads to several recommendations made to rectify the weaknesses in the nursing students' health-promoting lifestyles . Causes for the low rate of exercise need to be carefully examined. Moreover, identifying sources of stress in first year college students and strength- ening their health responsibility warrant further attention. Nursing educators could also motivate the students to perform good health practices and enhance their health self-efficacy. This would lead to better health-promoting lifestyles.
Effects of Betaine on hyperhomocysteinemia and lipid peroxidation rats with ethanol-induced liver injury

Objective:To study the effects of betaine on heperhomocysteinemia and liver lipid peroxidation in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats.Methods:Female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control,model,low dose betaine,high dose betaine and S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) groups.Except control group,all rats were fed high fat-containing diet plus ethanol and fish oil gavage for 8 weeks.Betaine and SAM were administration after 4 weeks exposure of ethanol.Plasma total homocysteine(tHcy),serum aminotransferase activity(ALT,AST),albumin(Alb),globulin(Glb),liver malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxidezed dismutase(SOD) and glutathione(GSH) were assayed. Liver histology was also examined.Results:Compared with control group,model group rats developed markedly liver damage,accompanied by an increase of tHcy,ALT,AST,Alb and MDA levels,and decrease of SOD and GSH levels(P0.01). Compared with model group,betaine treatment resulted in significant decreases in tHcy,ALT,AST,MDA(P0.01),but enhanced liver SOD levels(P0.01). Betaine also improved liver steatosis,but Liver GSH level was not fortified(P0.05),there was no difference in the above parameters between the two betaine treatment groups(P0.05). In SAM group,Liver GSH level were significant enhanced(P0.05),but tHcy levels were not affected(P0.05),other effects were similar to betaine treatment.Conclusion:Betaine prevents ethanol-induced liver injury in rats by reducing tHcy levels and liver lipid peroxidation,and its effect is somewhat superior to SAM.
PREDICTION OF ONE REPETITION MAXIMUM LOAD BY TOTAL AND LEAN BODY MASS IN TRAINED AND UNTRAINED MEN

Introduction: One repetition maximum test (1RM) is often used to evaluate muscle strength and to prescribe the in ⴀ tensity of strength training. However, the determination of the initial test load, and duration of the test make difficult to use the same in non ⴀindividualised environments. Objective: To determine coefficients to estimate the maximum strength (1RM), based on the relationship between muscular strength, lean body mass and total body mass. Methods: Twenty ⴀeight strength ⴀtrained and non ⴀstrength ⴀtrained men participated in this study. Muscle strength was determined using the 1 RM test in the bench press, supported barbell row, 45° leg press and squat exercise, while body composition was measured using the skinfolds method. After verifying the correlations between muscular strength and body mass and composition, the coefficients to predict the maximal strength were calculated by dividing the value of the 1 RM by the total body mass and lean body mass (kg) and by linear regression equation based in these parameters. Results: Significant correlations were found between body mass and lean body mass with muscular strength in all the exercises ( r = 0.47 ⴀ 0.76, P < 0.05). The greatest correlations were observed between the muscular strength values and lean body mass. There was a significant difference between the coefficients obtained from trained and non ⴀtrained subjects in all the tested exercises ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the coefficients of prediction of the 1RM should take into account the body composition and the training status of the individuals.
Helicobacter pylori infection: past, present and future

The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by Warren and Marshall in 1982 was preceded by nearly a hundred year of inconspicuous publications in regard to spiral bacteria, achlorhydria, gastritis, gastric urease, and antimicrobial therapy for peptic ulcers. The infection has now been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastric carcinoma, and gastric mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The understanding of the etiopathogenesis of dyspepsia and the approach to its management continues to evolve such that PUD and MALT lymphoma are now being considered as infectious diseases in which elimination of the causative agent cures the conditions. Various diagnostic tests with good diagnostic accuracies have been developed and effective multiple antimicrobial therapies are now available for the eradication of the infection. Despite the substantial progress made, there still exits a considerable gap to be filled. A significant number of information generated from studying the bacterial characteristics and host response to the infection has not yet been translated into clinical practice. A major challenge is the absence of a specific antibiotic monotherapy for effective treatment of the infection. Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 23
Atipik Antipsikotiklere Bağli Kilo Artişinin Önlenmesinde Metformin Kullanimi Metformin for the Prevention of Weight Gain due to Atypical Antipsychotics

OZET Asiri kilo artisi, hiperglisemi, tip 2 diyabet ve hiperlipidemi ikinci kusak atipik antipsikotik ilaclarla tedavi sonucu ortaya cikan onemli klinik yan etkilerdir. Bu ilaclarin istahi uyararak ve insulin direncini artirarak kilo artisina neden olduklari ileri surulmektedir. Amantadin, nizatidin, ranitidin, famotidin, topiramat, reboksetin ve metforminin atipik antipsikotik ilaclara bagli kilo artisini onlemede kullanilmis ve etkili oldugu bildirilen ilaclardan bazilaridir. Antidiyabetik bir ajan olan metformin, insulin direncini duzeltmesi ve kilo artisini azaltmasi nedeniyle ozellikle dikkati cekmektedir. Bu calismada atipik antipsikotiklerin kilo artisinin kontrolunde metforminin etkisini arastiran calismalar degerlendirilmistir. Anahtar Sozcukler: atipik antipsikotik ilaclar, metformin, kilo artisi ABSTRACT Excessive weight gain, hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia are significant clinical adverse effects that appear as a result of the treatment with second generation atypical antipsychotic drugs. These drugs possibly cause weight gain by stimulating appetite and increasing insulin resistance. Amantadine, nizatidine, ranitidine, famotidine, topiramate, reboxetine and metformin are notified as the effective drugs which were used in order to prevent the weight gain due to atypical antipsychotic drugs. As an antidiabetic agent, metformin draws attention due to reducing weight gain and correcting insulin resistance. The aim of this paper was to evaluate studies searching fort he effect of metformin on weight-gain due to atypical antipsychotics.
A Preliminary Study: Can Computer Mediated Educational Materials Contribute in Children with Autism Progress in the Right-to-Live Autism Centre

Many studies presented autism in children is estimated as one per 62 children and higher levels were reported in some countries. These children exhibit significant impairments with social, behavioural and communication skills. The level of impairments and severity of autism vary from an individual to another which makes teaching children with autism a challenge task for caregivers. Hence, computer mediated educational materials offers an alternative way to attract children to learning tasks using visual illustrations instead of textual form. This paper presents a preliminary study conducted at Right-to-Live autism centre in Gaza, Palestine; it aims to evaluate the children acceptance and attraction level to the served education materials compared to the manual methods of teaching.
Vacuolizzazione neuronale e degenerazione spinocerebellare del Rottweiler: primi casi descritti in Italia – Neuronal vacuolation and spinocerebellar degeneration in Rottweiler dogs: first italian cases

CHIARA L. TARTARELLI,1 CLAUDIA SALVADORI,2 MASSIMO BARONI,1 FRANCESCA COZZI,3 MARIO MODENATO,4 CARLO CANTILE,2 ALEXANDER DE LAHUNTA5 1Clinica Veterinaria “Valdinievole”, Monsummano Terme, Pistoia. 2Dipartimento di Patologia Animale e 4Dipartimento di Clinica Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Pisa. 3Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano. 5Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Smoking Prevalence of High School Students in Wuhan Private Schools

Objective To understand the smoking prevalence of high school students in private schools and to provide a basis for developing adolescent smoking interventions. Methods Using the "Survey on the smoking controlling program of teenagers" provided by University of Southern California, 1307 high school students were surveyed in 8 private schools in Wuhan City.Students smoking behavior was indicated with the prevalance of having attempted smoking,having smoked an eatire cigarette,having smoked in the past 30 days and having smoked more than 100 cigarettes respectivelyResults Among students surveyed, the average age of first experimentation with cigarette was 11.2 years old, 54% attempted smoking, 22% smoked an entire cigarette, 19.4% smoked in the past 30 days, and 4.4% had smoked,more than 100 cigarettes. Among smokers, 54.1% smoked out of curiosity, 46.0% reported that they got cigarettes mainly from their friends and classmates. Conclusions Smoking is considerably prevalent among students in private schools. It is of great urgency that early prevention, education and control of smoking behaviors be provided to those students.
Evidence of conservative treatment for overuse injuries analysis of systematic reviews

Evidence of Conservative Treatment for Overuse Injuries. Analysis of Systematic Reviews. Alanen Aki-Matti, Suomalainen Ville Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla. 86 pages, 2 appendixes. Supervisors Prof. Ari Heinonen and Prof. Urho Kujala University of Jyvaskyla. Spring 2011 Overuse injuries are common among top athletes and people who exercise regularly. Conservative, non-pharmacological methods are used widely to treat overuse injuries and there is a large body of literature, including multiple systematic reviews, evaluating different terms of treatment. This literature needs summarizing and critiquing. Objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods of conservative treatment on overuse injuries and to provide an analysis of systematic reviews. Published systematic reviews were identified by searching Medline, PEDro, Cochrane and Sportdiscus databases from the year 1996 to July 2010. Reference lists of identified studies were also hand searched. The assessment of quality of the reviews was performed by two individual reviewers according to a specifically designed scale for systematic reviews (Assendelft et al 1995) and only high quality reviews were included into analysis. 47 good or high quality systematic reviews or meta-anayses were included after final assessment. Based on the 47 good or high quality reviews included, no firm conclusions can be drawn on the effectiveness of conservative treatments. There is limited evidence for taping when combined with other modalities and for exercise therapy. There is also limited evidence that physical modalities are not effective with the exception for ESWT. For other interventions evidence is inconclusive because of reporting faults and heterogeneity of studies. There seems to be limited evidence in favor of exercise therapy and taping combined with other interventions in the management of overuse injuries. There is dearth of good quality evidence for the management of overuse injuries. Well conducted RCT are in need and developing new clinical assessment tools for diagnosing overuse injuries should be considered.
Developing Interoperability Model for Health Services

Information plays an important role in health care. Doctors and health care providers will process the information which is a treatment for patients. Information management and use productively is a challenge to health care. Health Information Technology (Health IT) significantly increase the efficiency in helping the provider of health information about patients. It also improves the quality of health services and outcomes of patient care. Information technology has the potential to improve the quality, safety, and health care efeciency.
Tratamiento expectante en molar permanente joven. Reporte de caso.

Abstract. Dental caries is one of the main reasons to perform root canal treatments; however there are procedures to protect the pulp in case of deep caries lesions. During caries removal pulp tissue could be exposed, so stepwise excavation is one procedure which will be effective in pulp preservation. Stepwise excavation consists of two stages, its purpose is stop caries progression, change cariogenic environment and allow the pulp recover generating reparative dentine to avoid pulp exposure in a second visit. Below we describe the management of deep carious lesions in a young permanent molar treated with stepwise excavation. A 15-year-old female patient with cause pain due to thermal changes in second inferior left molar, X-Rays revealed deep caries lesion, R4 Pitts´s classification, no signs of apical radiolucency or widening of the periodontal ligament space. Presents positive response to sensibility test with cold so Reversible Pulpitis is diagnosed, because of these findings it was decided to keep pulp vitality and perform stepwise excavation. This procedure consists in two phases: the first one is taking out the caries lesion from walls and floor, leaving affected dentin and placed calcium hidroxyde paste over, followed by a temporal restoration with glass ionomer. The second phase is six months later, once pulp vitality is confirmed and dentinal bridge is formed, so the cavity is reopened and definitive restoration is placed with composite resin. Two subsequent check-ups were carried out, the first one 12 months after stepwise excavation had been performed and the second control was 60 months later, clinical and radiographic controls were performed in both controls and no pathology was found considering the treatment as effective.
Analysis of the Infectious Events in School During 2006-2008 in China

Objective To master the situation of the infectious events in school for providing a scientific basis for the formulation of strategies for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive methods were used to analyze the infectious events during 2006-2008 in China. Results During the last three years,the infectious events in school accounted for 85.64%. It consisted 91.09% of respiratory infectious diseases. The first three infectious diseases were chicken-pox,mumps and rubella. The infectious events in rural primary schools accounted for 52.67%. Conclusion In recent years,the infectious events in school are tending to decline,but keeping at a high percentage of all the infectious events. It should be enhanced to increase the ability of respiratory infectious diseases prevention and control in the rural primary schools.