Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effets d’un programme d’entraînement mental combiné à une pratique physique sur la performance en gymnastique et sur le développement de l’imagerie

Cette recherche étudie l’influence d’un programme d’entraînement mental combiné à une pratique physique intense sur la performance et sur le développement de l’imagerie. Deux groupes de gymnastes féminines de haut niveau ont été constitués. Le groupe expérimental était soumis à un entraînement physique et à un entraînement mental (EPM), le groupe contrôle (EP) uniquement à un entraînement physique et à une tâche neutre. Des mesures de la performance et de certaines capacités d’imagerie ont été effectuées avant et après l’expérimentation. Les résultats montrent que les effets de l’entraînement mental associé à un entraînement physique ne diffèrent pas, statistiquement, de ceux d’un entraînement physique associé à une tâche neutre, excepté pour la poutre (des performances supérieures sont obtenues par le groupe EP) et pour l’imagerie kinesthésique (des scores supérieurs sont obtenues par le groupe EPM). Ces résultats conduisent d’une part à s’interroger sur l’efficacité du recours à l’imagerie mentale pour des tâches d’équilibration et d’autre part à souligner le rôle de l’imagerie dans le développement de la modalité kinesthésique. Au saut, aux barres asymétriques et au sol, les progrès du groupe EPM sont de 10 à 30 % supérieurs à ceux du groupe EP. Bien que non significative statistiquement, cette amélioration est importante pour l’entraîneur, les dirigeants et pour les gymnastes.
Three-dimensional hydrogel cultures for modeling changes in tissue impedance around microfabricated neural probes

One limitation to the use of neuroprosthestic devices for chronic application, in the treatment of disease, is the reactive cell responses that occur surrounding the device after insertion. These cell and tissue responses result in increases in device impedance and failure of the device to interact with target populations of neurons. However, few tools are available to assess which components of the reactive response contribute most to changes in tissue impedance. An in vitro culture system has been developed that is capable of assessing individual components of the reactive response. The system utilizes alginate cell encapsulation to construct three-dimensional architectures that approach the cell densities found in rat cortex. The system was constructed around neuroNexus acute probes with on-board circuitry capable of monitoring the electrical properties of the surrounding tissue. This study demonstrates the utility of the system by demonstrating that differences in cell density within the three-dimensional alginate constructs result in differences in resistance and capacitance as measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We propose that this system can be used to model components of the reactive responses in brain tissue, and that the measurements recorded in vitro are comparable to measurements recorded in vivo.
, Widespread Invasive Social Insect Loss of Intraspecific Aggression in the Success of a

clicking here colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others . here following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles (this information is current as of September 22, 2010 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at www.sciencemag. org http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/282/5390/949 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/282/5390/949#otherarticles , 5 of which can be accessed for free: cites 33 articles This article 146 article(s) on the ISI Web of Science. cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/282/5390/949#otherarticles 7 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/ecology Ecology : subject collections This article appears in the following
A 0.011mm2 60dB SNDR 100MS/s reference error calibrated SAR ADC with 3pF decoupling capacitance for reference voltages

This paper presents a calibration scheme for reference error caused by signal dependent switching transient in a high speed SAR ADC. The scheme has a little hardware overhead, which is not dependent on the type of the input signal and is able to run in the background without interrupting the ADC's normal operation. The calibration along with the SAR ADC are implemented in a 65 nm CMOS and the measurement results show that the proposed scheme effectively improves the SNDR of an 11b SAR ADC by ∼9 dB. The calibration allows the placement of only 3 pF decoupling capacitance in the reference voltages. The prototype achieves 100 MS/s sampling rate with a total power consumption of 1.6 mW at a 1.2 V supply. Plus, it exhibits a 59.03 dB and 60.4 dB SNDR at Nyquist and low input frequency, respectively, yielding a Walden FoM@Nyquist of 21.9 fJ/conv. -step. The total core area is 0.011 mm2 which includes the decoupling capacitor.
Multimodal Imaging in Neurology: Special Focus on MRI Applications and MEG

The field of brain imaging is developing at a rapid pace and has greatly advanced the areas of cognitive and clinical neuroscience. The availability of neuroimaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) and magnetic source imaging (MSI) has brought about breakthroughs in neuroscience. To obtain comprehensive information about the activity of the human brain, different analytical approaches should be complemented. Thus, in "intermodal multimodality" imaging, great efforts have been made to combine the highest spatial resolution (MRI, fMRI) with the best temporal resolution (MEG or EEG). "Intramodal multimodality" imaging combines various functional MRI techniques (e.g., fMRI, DTI, and/or morphometric/volumetric analysis). The multimodal approach is conceptually based on the combination of different noninvasive functional neuroimaging tools, their registration and cointegration. In articular, the combination of imaging applications that map different functional systems is useful, such as fMRI as a technique for the localization of cortical function and DTI as a technique for mapping of white matter fiber bundles or tracts. This booklet gives an insight into the wide field of multimodal imaging with respect to concepts, data acquisition, and postprocessing. Examples for intermodal and intramodal multimodality imaging are also demonstrated. Table of Contents: Introduction / Neurological Measurement Techniques and First Steps of Postprocessing / Coordinate Transformation / Examples for Multimodal Imaging / Clinical Aspects of Multimodal Imaging / References / Biography
Height, Weight, and the Spread of Subarachnoid Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in the Term Parturient

Using a standardized technique, spinal anesthesia was induced in 50 term parturients to study the correlation between patient height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) and the spread of sensory blockade. All patients received 12 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine while in the right lateral decu-bitus position on a horizontal operating table. Immediately after drug injection, the women were turned to the supine horizontal position with left uterine displacement. Fifteen minutes after drug injection, the level of analgesia to pinprick was measured. Linear regression analysis revealed no significant correlation between height (146–175 cm), weight (57.3–93.6 kg), or body mass index (2138 kglm2) and the spread of spinal anesthesia (T7-C8). It is concluded that, in term parturients, patient height, weight, or BMl does not significantly affect the spread of hyperbaric spinal anesthesia.
Is a restrictive transfusion strategy safe for resuscitated and critically ill trauma patients?

BACKGROUND An analysis from the prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial (Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care Trial) compared the use of restrictive and liberal transfusion strategies with resuscitated critically ill trauma patients. METHODS Critically ill trauma patients with a hemoglobin concentration less than 90 g/L within 72 hours of admission to the intensive care unit were randomized to a restrictive (hemoglobin concentration, 70 g/L) or liberal (hemoglobin concentration, 100 g/L) red blood cell transfusion strategy. RESULTS The baseline characteristics in the restrictive (n = 100) and liberal (n = 103) transfusion groups were comparable. The average hemoglobin concentrations (82.7 +/- 6.2 g/L vs. 104.3 +/- 12.2 g/L; p < 0.0001) and the red blood cell units transfused per patient (2.3 +/- 4.4 vs. 5.4 +/- 4.3; p < 0.0001) were significantly lower in the restrictive group than in the liberal group. The 30-day all-cause mortality rates in the restrictive group were 10%, as compared with 9% in the liberal group (p = 0.81). The presence of multiple organ dysfunction (9.2 +/- 6.3 vs. 9.0 +/- 6.0; p = 0.81), the changes in multiple organ dysfunction from baseline scores adjusted for death (1.2 +/- 6.1 vs. 1.9 +/- 5.7; p = 0.44), and the length of stay in the intensive care unit (9.8 +/- 8.1 vs. 10.2 +/- 8.7 days; p = 0.73) and hospital (31.4 +/- 17.1 vs. 33.7 +/- 17.7 days; p = 0.34) also were similar between the restrictive and liberal transfusion groups. CONCLUSIONS A restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategy appears to be safe for critically ill multiple-trauma patients. A randomized controlled trial would provide the appropriate level of evidence with regard to the daily use of blood in this population of patients.
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: international consensus statement on classification criteria and treatment guidelines

The term ‘catastrophic’ antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is used to define an accelerated form of APS resulting in multiorgan failure. Although catastrophicAPS patients represent less than 1% of all patients with APS, they are usually in a life-threatening medical situation that requires high clinical awareness. The careful and open discussion of several proposals by all participants in the pre-symposium workshop on APS consensus, held in Taormina on occasion of the 10th International Congress on aPL and chaired by Munther A Khamashta and Yehuda Shoenfeld (29 September 2002), has allowed the acceptation of a preliminary set of classification criteria. On the other hand, the optimal management of catastrophicAPS must have three clear aims: to treat any precipitating factors (prompt use of antibioticsif infection is suspected, amputation for any necrotic organ, high awareness in patients with APS who undergo an operation or an invasive procedure), to prevent and to treat the ongoing thrombotic events and to suppress the excessive cytokine ‘storm’. Anticoagulation (usually intravenous heparin followed by oral anticoagulants), corticosteroids, plasma exchange, intravenous gammaglobulins and, if associated with lupus flare, cyclophosphamide, are the most commonly used treatments for catastrophic APS patients.
Genetic Diversity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Asia

Restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence analyses were used to evaluate the population structure of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the rice bacterial blight pathogen, from several rice-growing countries in Asia. Two DNA sequences from X. oryzae pv. oryzae, IS1112, an insertion sequence, and avrXa10, a member of a family of avirulence genes, were used as probes to analyze the genomes of 308 strains of X. oryzae pv. oryzae collected from China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, and the Philippines. On the basis of the consensus of three clustering statistics, the collection formed five clusters. Genetic distances within the five clusters ranged from 0.16 to 0.51, and distances between clusters ranged from 0.48 to 0.64. Three of the five clusters consisted of strains from a single country. Strains within two clusters, however, were found in more than one country, suggesting patterns of movement of the pathogen. The pathotype of X. oryzae pv. oryzae was determined for 226 strains by inoculating five rice differential cultivars. More than one pathotype was associated with each cluster; however, some pathotypes were associated with only one cluster. Most strains from South Asia (Nepal and India) were virulent to cultivars containing the bacterial blight resistance gene xa-5, while most strains from other countries were avirulent to xa-5. The regional differentiation of clusters of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in Asia and the association of some pathotypes of X. oryzae pv. oryzae with single clusters suggested that strategies that target regional resistance breeding and gene deployment are feasible.
Nucleation Theory : A Literature Review and Applications to Nucleation Rates of Natural Gas Hydrates

Predicting the onset of hydrate nucleation in oil pipelines is one of the most challenging aspects in the flow assurance modelling work being performed at the Center for Hydrate Research. Nucleation is initiated by a random fluctuation which is able to overcome the energy barrier for the phase transition, once such a fluctuation occurs, further growth is energetically favourable. Historically the random fluctuation requires for nucleation was defined as the formation of a nucleus of critical size. Recently, more realistic models have been proposed based on density functional theory.
Neurobiological concepts of fibromyalgia - the possible role of descending spinal tracts

In the spinal cord, long descending pathways are known to exist which modulate pain sensations by either inhibiting or facilitating the discharges of spinal nociceptive neurones. In this article, the hypothesis is discussed that the pain of fibromyalgia may be due to a dysfunction of these painmodulating pathways. Theoretically, two kinds of disturbance could lead to pain, namely reduced activity in the paininhibiting (antinociceptive) system or increased activity in the painfacilitating (pronociceptive) pathways. Data from animal experiments show that interruption of the dorsal descending systems leads to hyperactivity of spinal nociceptive neurones, namely increase in background activity, lowering in stimulation threshold, and increase in response magnitude to noxious stimuli. The responses of the neurones to input from nociceptors in deep tissues were more strongly inhibited by the descending pathways than were responses to input from cutaneous nociceptors. Collectively, the findings indicate that the dorsal descending systems are tonicly active and have a particularly strong inhibitory action on neurones that mediate pain from deep tissues. If these systems operate in a similar way also in patients, an impairment of their function is likely to lead to 1. spontaneous deep pain (because of an increased background activity in nociceptive neurones supplying deep tissues), 2. tenderness of deep tissues (because of a lowered mechanical threshold of the same neurones), and 3. hyperalgesia of deep tissues (because of increased neuronal responses to noxious stimuli). These changes will affect large areas of the body because the descending inhibitory systems have widespread terminations in the spinal cord. Thus, a dysfunction of the descending inhibitory pathways could mimick to a large extent the pain of fibromyalgia.
The effect of clock, media, and station location errors on Doppler measurement accuracy

Doppler tracking by the Deep Space Network (DSN) is the primary radio metric data type used by navigation to determine the orbit of a spacecraft. The accuracy normally attributed to orbits determined exclusively with Doppler data is about 0.5 microradians in geocentric angle. Recently, the Doppler measurement system has evolved to a high degree of precision primarily because of tracking at X-band frequencies (7.2 to 8.5 GHz). However, the orbit determination system has not been able to fully utilize this improved measurement accuracy because of calibration errors associated with transmission media, the location of tracking stations on the Earth's surface, the orientation of the Earth as an observing platform, and timekeeping. With the introduction of Global Positioning System (GPS) data, it may be possible to remove a significant error associated with the troposphere. In this article, the effect of various calibration errors associated with transmission media, Earth platform parameters, and clocks are examined. With the introduction of GPS calibrations, it is predicted that a Doppler tracking accuracy of 0.05 microradians is achievable.
Macroendocytosis and endosome processing in snake motor boutons

We have examined the processing of endosomes formed by macroendocytosis (ME), or bulk membrane retrieval, in active motor terminal boutons at the snake nerve–muscle synapse. Endocytic probes were imaged at light (FM1–43) and electron (horseradish peroxidase (HRP)) levels over stimulus frequencies representing low, intermediate and high levels of use. Endosomes formed rapidly (1–2 s) at all frequencies, concomitant with clathrin‐mediated vesicular endocytosis (CME). Endosomes dissipated rapidly into vesicles (∼10 s). The dissipation rate was not influenced by activity. Many endosomes split into clusters of 2–20 smaller endosomes of varying size. Vesicles budded from these smaller endosomes, from large endosomes that had not undergone fission into smaller ones, and from precursor membrane infoldings that had not yet internalized. In snake, exocytosed vesicular membrane is not competent for reuse until after a delay (> 3 min). We found that time required for endosome processing is not responsible for this delay. Endosome processing might, however, limit availability of some vesicles for release at very high levels of use. Generally, endosome processing paralleled that of vesicles internalized directly from the plasma membrane via CME, regardless of stimulus frequency. There was no evidence for differential recruitment of ME versus CME depending upon level of use.
Familial aggregation of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aggregates in families. To date, the strength, pattern, and characteristics of the familial aggregation have not been thoroughly assessed in a population-based family sample. METHODS In this cohort study, we identified relative pairs of twins, full and half-siblings, and full and half cousins from 1,656,943 unique individuals born in Sweden between 1985 and 2006. The relatives of index persons were followed from their third birthday to 31 December 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Birth year adjusted hazard ratio (HR), that is, the rate of ADHD in relatives of ADHD-affected index persons compared with the rate of ADHD in relatives of unaffected index persons, was estimated in the different types of relatives using Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS During the follow-up, 31,865 individuals were diagnosed with ADHD (male to female ratio was 3.7). The birth year adjusted HRs were as follows: 70.45 for monozygotic twins; 8.44 for dizygotic twins; 8.27 for full siblings; 2.86 for maternal half-siblings; 2.31 for paternal half-siblings; 2.24 for full cousins; 1.47 for half cousins. Maternal half-siblings had significantly higher HR than in paternal half-siblings. The HR did not seem to be affected by index person's sex. Full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis present at age 18 or older had a higher rate of ADHD (HR: 11.49) than full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis only before age 18 (HR: 4.68). CONCLUSIONS Familial aggregation of ADHD increases with increasing genetic relatedness. The familial aggregation is driven by not only genetic factors but also a small amount of shared environmental factors. Persistence of ADHD into adulthood indexes stronger familial aggregation of ADHD.
Stressor Response Model for Tape Grass (Vallisneria americana)

Circular 1524, a 22-page illustrated circular by Frank J. Mazzotti, Leonard G. Pearlstine, Robert H. Chamberlain, Melody J. Hunt, Tomma Barnes, Kevin Chartier, and Donald DeAngelis, is one of a suite of Caloosahatchee estuary models which are being considered together for Everglades restoration plan evaluation. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, January 2008. CIR 1524/UW281: Stressor Response Model for Tape Grass (Vallisneria americana) (ufl.edu)
Effects of interleukin-8 on the developing human intestine.

The human fetal/neonatal gastrointestinal tract is exposed to biologically significant concentrations of interleukin (IL)-8 swallowed with amniotic fluid and human milk. We hypothesized that IL-8 has a physiologic function in the developing human intestine. IL-8 was measured in preterm and term human milk, tested for stability under conditions simulating neonatal gastric and proximal small intestinal digestion, and its receptors were sought in human fetal bowel. The effect of IL-8 was then measured on intestinal cells in vitro. We observed that IL-8 is present in significant concentrations in human milk and that it is stable under conditions simulating digestion. Both IL-8 receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, are expressed extensively in the fetal intestine. When human fetal and adult intestinal cells are treated with rhIL-8 in vitro, there is a consistent increase in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. IL-8 also protects intestinal cells against chemical injury. These results suggest that besides its better-known role as a neutrophil chemoattractant, IL-8 has a trophic function in the developing human intestine.
Twenty year follow-up of a cohort based in general practices in 24 British towns.

BACKGROUND A national prospective study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was set up in 1978 to explain the reasons for the marked geographical variation in CVD rates in Great Britain. A total of 7735 males, aged 40-59 years (born between 1919 and 1939) randomly selected from one general practice age-sex register in each of 24 towns, responded to a screening invitation from their general practitioner (GP) and were examined in 1978-1980. We describe the methods used and the contact maintained after following a cohort for 20 years. METHODS The established system of patient registration with a GP was used for tracing and maintaining contact with a low-mobility cohort through local area health authority networks and the National Health Service Central Register. RESULTS By 31 December 1997, there were 1856 recorded deaths (14 known to have occurred abroad), 66 emigrations/ living overseas/lost from follow-up. In addition, 1500 study subjects had registered with new GPs who, every 2 years, provided information on both fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events to complement information supplied by the original practices. Information was obtained on all cardiovascular events and deaths for 99.5 per cent of the surviving sample. Questionnaires mailed to surviving subjects 5 years after recruitment (1983-1985) and again in November 1992 and 1996 were returned by 98, 90 and 88 per cent, respectively, providing information on lifestyle changes, new cardiovascular symptoms and new diagnoses. CONCLUSION Using the NHSCR framework for primary care registration procedures, maximum follow-up has been maintained. Brief and structured enquiry forms have gained and maintained co-operation from subjects and their GPs with considerable success. Mortality reporting from dual sources identified 5 per cent more cases.