Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic anatomy of the posterior tympanum.

OBJECTIVES This study aims to describe anatomical variations in the posterior tympanum. Different configurations which influence surgical decisions in middle ear surgery are described. Surgical access to the sinus tympani remains a challenge for otologic surgeons. Usually, the retrotympanum is approached through the middle ear in the anterior-posterior direction during chronic ear surgery. An endoscopic approach is necessary to detail all reliefs of the middle ear and control the total removal in a cholesteatoma surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study included 120 ears with otosclerosis that were operated on. We have performed an intra-operative endoscopic examination with different endoscopes from the Storz company (3.0 mm diameter 45 and 70 degrees). Its rigid endoscopes have been used to obtain a detailed inspection of the entire middle ear cavity. Three main anatomical configurations increase difficulty for the otologic surgeons. RESULTS One hundred and twenty ears were included in this retrospective study. We described 44 shallow sinus tympani of type I (36.6%), and 46 intermediary sinus tympani of type II which account for 38.4% of the ears. In these two groups, a disease such as cholesteatoma is quite easy to control. In 30 ears we observed a deep sinus tympani of type III (25%). This type of sinus is a real difficulty for the surgeon, which means that a total exploration without an endoscope is not possible and entails intraoperative risks. Some anatomical variations were noted: indeed, six high jugular bulbs were described in the middle ear (5%). In 4 other ears (3.3%), there was a posterior extension which passes under the pyramidal eminence and the fallopian canal. CONCLUSION For 8.3% of the ears, some important intraoperative risks are involved, which can cause damage to the facial nerve or the jugular bulb. Moreover a quarter of the ears have deep sinus tympani which can not be explored with a microscope. This makes the endoscope an essential complement to the microscope in otologic surgery.
Dispositif expérimental pour la modélisation de l'écoulement sanguin dans les artères

On decrit la mise en oeuvre d'un banc de simulation hydromecanique qui permet d'aborder divers problemes lies a l'hemodynamique arterielle. Le montage employe permet d'engendrer des ondes de pression de formes arbitraires (simulation des pressions intra-aortiques ou ventriculaires ; superposition d'ondes) a l'interieur d'un tuyau viscoelastique, grâce a un dispositif de conception originale. L'appareillage de mesure associe, comportant des capteurs de pression et de deplacement ainsi qu'un dispositif de velocimetrie ultra-sonore, est brievement decrit. Une des premieres applications envisagees concerne l'etude d'une methode de determination indirecte des parametres rheologiques de la paroi des vaisseaux. Quelques resultats preliminaires sont presentes.
Error bounds for high – dimensional Edgeworth expansions for some tests on covariance matrices

Problems of testing three hypotheses : (i) equality of covariance matrices of several multivariate normal populations, (ii) sphericity, and (iii) that a covariance matrix is equal to a specified one, are treated. High–dimensional Edgeworth expansions of the null distributions of the modified likelihood ratio test statistics are derived. Computable error bounds of the expansions are derived for each expansions. The Edgeworth expansion and its error bound for non–null distribution of the test statistic for (iii) are also derived.
Thermomechanical investigation of the cortical bone analogue in third-generation Sawbones femurs

Abstract The mechanical properties of the short glass fibre reinforced (SGFR) epoxy resin used as the cortical bone analogue in the third-generation Sawbones femurs were investigated for use within orthopaedic benchtop tests. Tensile and four-point bending tests were used to assess the material properties of the SGFR epoxy at both room (22° C) and body temperatures (37° C). The 20 standardized specimens used for the materials testing were machined from third-generation Sawbones femurs. The flexural properties of the specimens were determined using ASTM D6272-02 and the tensile properties were obtained using ASTM D638-02. The mean (and standard deviation, or SD) values of the modulus of elasticity in four-point bending for room and body temperature specimens of 7.8 (0.64) GPa and 2.8 (0.66) GPa respectively were significantly different (P < 0.001). The mean (and SD) values of the modulus of elasticity in tension for the room and body temperature specimens of 9.4 (0.8) GPa and 5.4 (1.3) GPa respectively were also significantly different (P = 0.02). The modulus of elasticity of SGFR epoxy is highly temperature dependent. A reduction in the modulus of elasticity of up to 63 per cent was observed when increasing the temperature of the specimens from room to body temperature. SGFR epoxy Sawbones do not accurately represent the material properties of bone at body temperature.
Studies on metabolic activity of benthic bacteria isolated from three lkes.

Studies were carried out on metabolic activity of 480 bacterial isolates on 9 substrates. All bacterial isolates studied except one utilized the casamino acids. Also with casamino acids the highest oxygen uptake values were obtained. Among the carbohydrates, glucose was most frequently utilized by the planktonic bacteria. Bacteria isolated from water of the various lakes differed in their metabolic activity as well as in the capability of utilizing the individual substrates. The capability of attacking by the bacteria the substrates applied depended largely upon the time of their isolation.
Barriers to cervical cancer screening and follow-up care among Black Women in Massachusetts.

OBJECTIVE To explore factors that might lead to delays in appropriate cervical cancer screening and diagnosis among Black women in Massachusetts. DESIGN Qualitative using focus groups. SETTING Hospitals, health centers, and community-based organizations in Boston, Massachusetts. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-four participants including Black, non-Hispanic women from the general population and cervical cancer survivors, community leaders in women's health, and health care providers. METHODS Six focus groups. Data were analyzed using methods based on grounded theory. RESULTS Findings from interviews revealed that inadequate information and education of providers and patients create barriers to appropriate screening and treatment practices for Black women. Fear, cultural beliefs, and compounding factors related to poverty, gender roles, and health system barriers create delays to screening and follow-up care. Also, unconscious bias, therapeutic delays, and miscommunication are important factors affecting continuity of care. CONCLUSION These results suggest a need for comprehensive, culturally specific cervical cancer prevention education initiatives and interventions for Black women and strategies to improve patient-provider relationships.
Granularity in MT evaluation

This paper looks at granularity issues in machine translation evaluation. We start with work by (White, 2001) who examined the correlation between intelligibility and fidelity at the document level. His work showed that intelligibility and fidelity do not correlate well at the document level. These dissimilarities lead to our investigation of evaluation granularity. In particular, we revisit the intelligibility and fidelity relationship at the corpus level. We expect these to support certain assumptions in both evaluations as well as indicate issues germane to future evaluations.
Instructor Support for Monitoring and Visualizing Students' Activity in a Social Learning Environment

With the recent introduction of social software in education, there is a need for support applications that will help teachers monitor students' activity on these Web 2.0 tools. In this paper we present such an approach for learner tracking and visualization in an integrated social learning environment called eMUSE. The platform collects learner actions from each of the disparate Web 2.0 tools (by means of APIs or RSS feeds), stores them in a local database for further processing and presents them to the instructor in suggestive graphical formats.
Comparative cytological study of Trigonella foenum graecum and Brassica compestries ’

Thiosemicarbazides have found to contain antimicrob ial, antiviral activities against various virus, ba cteria and fungi strains. The objective of the study was to st udy the seed germination and physiological maturity stage of Trigonella foenum graecum and Brassica (L.). The eff ct of various concentrations of 1γ picolinoyl-4-phenyl Thiosemicarbazides on mitotic Indices in root tip c ell in Trigonella graecum and Brassica compestries was studied. Brassica plants have been the subject of much scien tific interest for their agricultural importance. Seeds used in exacerbations, cancer and tumours. Roots emollient and diuretic, juice used in chronic cough and bronc hial catarrh. Trigonella foenum graecum balances blood sugar levels, and contains choline w hich aids the thinking process. Fenugreek has been the focus of several st udie concerning the treatment of diabetes and the prevention of breast cancer. Its ability to balance hormone level s aids in treating PMS and menopause. Its antioxida nts slow ageing and help prevent disease.
LANGUAGE, FUNCTION AND TYPOLOGY

Of the many a r b i t r a r y s t r lc tures that became the s tockint rade of s t r u c t u r a l i s m In l l n g u i s t l c s f rom Saussure v ia B l o o m f i e l d and on to Chomsky and his lat ter day m i n i o n s , s t r ic tures that had c u l m i n a t e d in the convo lu t ed f l o w e r i n g of so-ca l led au tonomous syn tax , none have been q u i t e äs damag i ng to the in tegr i ty and good h e a l t h of the d i s c i p l i n e s tudy ing h u m a n l a n g u a g e and i ts syntax äs the e x c l u s i o n of communicative function and cross-language typology. This is so because by e l i m i n a t i n g f rom the s tudy of syntax considera t ions of f u n c t i o n , of sur face s t ruc ture typology and of the systematic co r re la t ions between the two, the s t ruc tu r a l i s t orthodoxy thus r u l e d ou t , by an i n e x p l i c a b l e fiat> a ser ious inves t igat ion of the most s a l i en t fea tu re of h u m a n l a n g u a g e äs an Ins t rumen t of cod ing and c o m m u n i c a t i n g I n f o r m a t i o n the sys temat ic i ty , nona rb i t r a r ine s s or iconicity of the l i n g u i s t i c cod ing re la t ion . E a r l y f u n c t i o n a l i s t r ipp les in the p o l i s h e d genera t ive sur face , such äs Katz and Postal (1964) or Gruber (1965 ,1967) , were r a p i d l y absorbed into ohe of two f o r b i d d i n g f o r m a l i s m s genera t ive and in te rp re t ive semant ics . Occas iona l fo rays in to so-cal led 'deep t y p o l o g y 1 , such äs ROSS ( 1 9 7 0 ) , Sanders and Tai ( 1 9 7 2 ) , Bach (1970 ) or McCawley ( 1 9 7 0 ) , or more recently H a i e (1981) , degenerated rather 2 sadly into e m p i r i c a l l y b iza r re pos tu la t ions . Th roughou t the long d o u b l e era of s t ruc tu ra l i s t f a m i n e in A m e r i c a n l inguist ics , the typo log i ca l heresy was kept a l i v e by Greenberg (1966) and the funct iona l heresy by B o l i n g e r (1952, 1954) . The m e r g i n g of these two separate l i n e s of heterodoxy w h i c h began to take place in the early 1970 ' s , has at long last made it poss ib le to refocus a t tent ion upon syntact ic s t ructure and its two m a i n f u n c t i o n a l correlates propos i t i ona l semant ics and discourse p ragmat ics in a more profound way.
Standardization of allergen products: 2. Detailed characterization of GMP‐produced recombinant Phl p 5.0109 as European Pharmacopoeia reference standard

The Biological Standardization Programme of the European Directorate for Quality of Medicines and Healthcare (EDQM) aims at the establishment of well‐characterized reference standards based on recombinant allergens and validated assays for the quantification of major allergen content. The objective of this study was to examine the detailed physicochemical and immunological characterization of recombinant Phl p 5.0109, the second available allergen reference standard.
Escalonamento de pacotes para o modelo de diferenciação proporcional baseado em janelas de medidas

Muitas aplicacoes que se adaptam aos recursos disponiveis na rede tem se tornado populares ultimamente na Internet, mostrando que niveis absolutos de Qualidade de Servico (QoS) nao sao essenciais para a maioria das aplicacoes. O Modelo de Diferenciacao Proporcional (MDP) constitui-se atualmente em uma das principais propostas de servico para a Internet de Proxima Geracao e pode acrescentar mais uma possibilidade ao espaco de dimensoes disponiveis para a adaptacao das aplicacoes. Esta tese investiga o MDP, situando-o diante de outras propostas de servicos existentes e propoe os algoritmos para escalonamento de pacotes Window Based Waiting-Time Priority (WBWTP) e Window Based Waiting-Time Priority Plus (WBWTP+), os quais possibilitam atingir os objetivos do MDP com maior precisao do que os tradicionais algoritmos Waiting-Time Priority (WTP) e Proportional Average Delay (PAD). E tambem apresentada uma metrica de QoS para avaliar o desempenho dos algoritmos, que fornece uma medida de desempenho agregada para todas as classes de servico ao longo de um intervalo de monitoracao, facilitando a compreensao da dinâmica do MDP Abstract
Modélisation dynamique de la signalisation cellulaire : aspects différentiels et discrets; application à la signalisation du facteur de croissance TGF-beta dans le cancer

La signalisation cellulaire regroupe l'ensemble des mecanismes biologiques permettant a une cellule de repondre de facon adaptee a son microenvironnement. Pour ce faire, de nombreuses reactions biologiques entrent en jeux avec un important enchevetrement, creant ainsi un reseau dont le comportement s'apparente a un systeme complexe. Le comprehension de la reponse cellulaire a une stimulation passe par le developpement conjoint des techniques d'acquisition de donnees, et des methodes permettant de formaliser ces donnees dans un modele. C'est sur ce dernier point que s'inscrivent les travaux exposes dans cette these. Nous presentons ici deux approches visant a repondre a des questions de natures differentes sur la signalisation cellulaire. Dans la premiere nous utilisons un modele differentiel pour etudier le role d'un nouvel interactant dans la voie canonique du TGF-beta. Dans la seconde nous avons explore la combinatoire de la signalisation cellulaire en developpant un formalisme discret base sur les transitions gardees. Cette approche regroupe l'interpretation de la base de donnees Pathway Interaction Database dans un unique modele dynamique de propagation du signal. Des methodes de simulations et d'analyses inspirees des techniques de verification de modeles telles que l'atteignabilite et l'invariance ont ete developpees. En outre, nous avons etudie la regulation du cycle cellulaire en reponse a la signalisation, ainsi que la regulation des genes de notre modele en comparaison avec des donnees d'expressions.
Paired associate performance in the early detection of DAT

Subjects underwent longitudinal neuropsychological assessment in order to retrospectively determine which measures of cognitive function best predicted later development of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). Three groups of subjects were studied: normal controls, patients with early DAT, and questionable dementia subjects (QD). All subjects were assessed using a battery of standard neuropsychological measures and two subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), paired associate learning and delayed matching to sample. A structured interview was also used to elicit a profile of the subject's daily functioning. Subjects were assessed every 6 months for 2 years. At the 6 month assessment, almost half of the QD group exhibited significant deterioration in scores on the computerized paired associate learning subtest, while maintaining their scores on standard measures. At the conclusion of the study, all of this QD subgroup fulfilled the NINCDS–ADRDA criteria for probable DAT pertaining to significant cognitive and functional deterioration. Performance on the CANTAB paired associate learning subtest identified the onset of progressive memory deterioration in a subgroup of QD subjects. In almost all cases this was well before significant deterioration was noted on standard neuropsychological measures. Paired associate learning performance may therefore be a valuable tool for the early, preclinical detection and assessment of DAT. (JINS, 2002, 8, 58–71.)
Exprese genů PAX5 a SHB, analýza mutací genu p53 a exprese proteinu p53 ve tkáni povrchových nádorů močového měchýře

Cil prace: Zhodnotit přitomnost exprese genů PAX5 a Shb ve tkani povrchových urotelialnich karcinomů mocoveho měchýře, posoudit jeji korelaci s patologii genu p53 a uvažit prognostický význam jednotlivých faktorů. Pacienti a metodika: Do studie bylo zahrnuto 61 pacientů s histologicky prokazaným povrchovým urotelialnim karcinomem mocoveho měchýře. Exprese mRNA genů PAX5 a Shb ve tkani nadoru byla detekovana pomoci reverzni polymerazove řetězove reakce (RT-PCR) a výsledek byl vyjadřen semikvantitativně. Přitomnost mutaci p53 byla zachycena pomoci SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) a potvrzena sekvenovanim. K imunohistochemickemu vysetřeni p53 byla použita protilatka DO1, k vyjadřeni výsledku bylo použito semikvantitativni hodnoceni pomoci HSCORE (HS). Kontrolni skupinu pro posouzeni PAX5 a Shb exprese tvořilo 8 mužů, u kterých byl vzorek urotelu odebran během operace pro benigni hyperplazii prostaty. Výsledky: Přitomnost exprese PAX5 a Shb byla prokazana u 50, respektive 52 pacientů s urotelialnim nadorem, ale u žadneho z kontrolni skupiny. Mutace p53 byla zachycena u jedineho pacienta s tumorem pTaG2 a byla lokalizovana v exonu 5 (delece prolinu 128). Jaderna imunoreaktivita p53 byla přitomna u větsiny pacientů, při použiti prahove hodnoty HS 200 mělo 56,9 % nemocných pozitivni nalez. Kvantita imunohistochemicke pozitivity p53 nekorelovala s kvantitou exprese PAX5. Při použiti prahových hodnot HS 200 pro p53 a 0,2 pro PAX5 mělo z 8 progredujicich pacientů 7 nadprahovou hodnotu HS a 4 nadprahovou hodnotu PAX5. Zavěr: Exprese genu PAX5 je castým nalezem u povrchových urotelialnich karcinomů mocoveho měchýře.
A novel scheduling algorithm to maximize the D2D spatial reuse in LTE networks

In order to offload base station (BS) traffic and to enhance efficiency of spectrum, operators can activate many Device-to-Device (D2D) pairs or links in LTE networks. This increases the overall spectral efficiency because the same Resource Blocks (RBs) are used across cellular UEs (CUEs) (i.e., all UEs connected to BS for both C-Plane and D-plane communication) and D2D links (i.e., where the UEs are connected to BS only for C-plane communication). However, significant interference problems can be caused by D2D communications as the same RBs are being shared. In our work, we address this problem by proposing a novel scheduling algorithm, Efficient Scheduling and Power control Algorithm for D2Ds (ESPAD), which reuses the same RBs and tries to maximize the overall network throughput without affecting the CUEs throughput. ESPAD algorithm also ensures that Signal to Noise plus Interference Ratio (SINR) for each of the D2D links is maintained above a certain predefined threshold. The aforementioned properties of ESPAD algorithm makes sure that the CUEs do not experience very high interference from the D2Ds. It is observed that even when the SINRdrop (i.e., maximum permissible drop in SINR of CUEs) is as high as 10 dB, there is no drastic decrease in CUEs throughput (only 3.78%). We also compare our algorithm against other algorithms and show that D2D throughput improves drastically without undermining CUEs throughput.
Kinetics of the renin system. The basis for determination of the different components of the system.

Enzymatic reactions in the renin-angiotensin system are reviewed. T hose aspects discussed are the renin-substrate/angiotensin-1 reaction g eneral enzyme kinetics the influence of renin forms on kinetics the influence of the renin-substrate structure on enzyme kinetics the kinetics of the renin/renin-substrate reaction in plasma changes in kinetics when product formation is measured and when homologous and heterologous renin-substrate is added the kinetics in untreated plasma inhibitors and activators of the renin/renin-substrate reaction princip les for determining the renin/renin-substrate reaction principles and methods of determining angiotensin in plasma or renin in tissues and plasma and of renin-substrate in plasma the reaction of angiotensin-1 with angiotensin-2 and the reaction of angiotensin-2 with peptide fragments.
The division and differentiation of Drosophila cystocytes

Light and electron microscopical studies allow a descriptive account to be given of he morphogenesis of the egg chamber of Drosophila melanogaster. The study demonstrates that the mitotic products of a single cystoblast generate a branching chain of 16 inter‐connected cystocytes. Two specific cystocytes enter meiotic prophase, while the rest become nurse cells. The two pro‐oocytes form synaptinemal complexes in their nuclei. However, one of the two cells later switches back into the nurse cell developmental pathway. The elongation of the synaptinemal complexes is described, and estimates are made of the time involved in their formation. These complexes continue to be synthesized long after the DNA replication which gives the oocyte its 4C DNA content. This finding implies that at least some genetic crossing over follows DNA replication. Evidence is presented that cells undergoing crossing over are most efficient in repairing radiation‐induced chromosomal breaks. Suggestions are given as to the mechanisms by which (1) cell division is inhibited once 16 cystocytes are formed, (2) the future cleavage planes of cystocytes are programmed, (3) the pro‐oocytes are differentiated from nurse cells, and (4) the oocyte is chosen from the twin pro‐oocytes. The contrasting behaviors of the oocyte and nurse cell nucleoli are described. During oogenesis nucleolar synthesis of ribosomal RNAs is suppressed in the oocyte and concurrently stimulated in the nurse cells. It follows that the nurse nuclei are the major sources of the prodigious quantities of ribosomes found in the ooplasm of the mature oocyte.
An Acceleration Sensing Method Based on the Mode Localization of Weakly Coupled Resonators

This paper reports an acceleration sensing method based on two weakly coupled resonators (WCRs) using the phenomenon of mode localization. When acceleration acts on the proof masses, differential electrostatic stiffness perturbations will be applied to the WCRs, leading to mode localization, and thus, mode shape changes. Therefore, acceleration can be sensed by measuring the amplitude ratio shift. The proposed mode localization with the differential perturbation method leads to a sensitivity enhancement of a factor of 2 than the common single perturbation method. The theoretical model of the sensitivity, bandwidth, and linearity of the accelerometer is established and verified. The measured relative shift in amplitude ratio (~312162 ppm/g) is 302 times higher than the shift in resonance frequency (~1035 ppm/g) within the measurement range of ±1 g. The measured resolution based on the amplitude ratio is 0.619 mg and the nonlinearity is ~3.5% in the open-loop measurement operation.
Differential growth of Legionella pneumophila strains within a range of amoebae at various temperatures associated with in‐premise plumbing

Aims: The potential effect of in‐premise plumbing temperatures (24, 32, 37 and 41°C) on the growth of five different Legionella pneumophila strains within free‐living amoebae (Acanthamoeba polyphaga, Hartmannella vermiformis and Naegleria fowleri) was examined.