Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Primary and Probable Secondary Dengue Virus (DV) Infection Rates in Relation to Age among DV IgM-Positive Patients Residing in the United States Mainland Versus the Caribbean Islands

ABSTRACT Dengue virus (DV) primary infection and probable secondary infection rates in relation to patient age (years) were determined for DV IgM-positive U.S. mainland residents (presumed travelers to areas of DV endemicity) and Caribbean island (area of DV endemicity) residents by evaluating IgG status and IgG avidity. Regardless of place of residence, most patients ≤20 years old exhibited primary infection and most patients >60 years old exhibited probable secondary infection. Among patients 21 to 60 years old, the primary infection rate was markedly higher in U.S. residents.
Modelling DNA damage induced by different energy photons and tritium beta-particles.

PURPOSE To model the production of single- and double-strand breaks (ssb and dsb) in DNA by ionizing radiations. To compare the predicted effectiveness of different energy photon radiations and tritium beta-particles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Modelling is carried out by Monte Carlo and includes consideration of direct energy depositions in DNA molecules, the production of species, their diffusion and interactions with each other and DNA. Computer-generated electron tracks in liquid water are used to model energy deposition and to derive the initial positions of chemical species. Atomistic representation of the DNA in B form with a first hydration shell is used. Photon radiations in the energy range 70keV-1MeV and tritium beta-particles are considered. RESULTS A tentative increase for dsb yield has been predicted for 70 keV photons and tritium compared with 137Cs. This increase is more pronounced for complex dsb. Double-strand breaks are much more prone compared with ssb to combine with additional strand breaks and base damage, which contributes to break complexity. At least half of DNA breaks are hydroxyl radical mediated. CONCLUSIONS The developed model makes predictions compatible with features of available experimental data. Break complexity has to be addressed in biophysical modelling when the relative effectiveness of radiations in DNA damage is studied. Obtained data strongly argue against the dominance of direct radiation action in DNA damage in the cellular environment predicted by some theoretical studies.
Revisión de la literatura sobre el papel del afrontamiento en las autolesiones no suicidas en adolescentes

Las autolesiones no suicidas (ALNS) en adolescentes se han convertido en un problema de relevancia a nivel clinico y social por el aumento en su prevalencia y porque constituyen posibles predictores de intentos suicidas. Este articulo tiene como objetivo realizar una revision sobre la incidencia del afrontamiento en las ALNS en adolescentes. La literatura abarca articulos cientificos de caracter aplicado y teorico, desde el ano 1986 hasta el 2015, los cuales estan disponibles en las bases de datos Redalyc, Pub Med, Elsevier, Scielo, Dialnet, Science direct, ademas de la pagina del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses. Se encontraron articulos que aluden al concepto, las caracteristicas, las funciones psicologicas, la prevalencia, la cronicidad y los factores de riesgo de las ALNS, asi como a la relacion de este fenomeno con la ideacion suicida, el suicidio y el afrontamiento. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes que se autolesionan hacen uso de estrategias centradas en la emocion y la evitacion, ademas de que presentan un deficit en cuanto a estrategias de resolucion de problemas y uso del apoyo social. Por esto, la intervencion debe enfocarse en el diseno e implementacion de programas en torno al desarrollo de competencias emocionales y estrategias de afrontamiento, las cuales permitan hacer frente al estres de una manera adaptativa.
Maschinelles Lernen in der ökonomischen Forschung

In der empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung steigt die Anzahl der Publikationen, die mit Methoden des maschinellen Lernens arbeiten. Dennoch scheint eine gewisse Skepsis zu bestehen. Ein Kritikpunkt ist, dass sich maschinelles Lernen zwar fur Vorhersagen eignet, aber keine kausalen Zusammenhange identifizieren kann. In den vergangenen Jahren hat sich die Forschung jedoch verstarkt mit diesem Problem auseinandergesetzt, und es wurden zahlreiche Fortschritte erzielt. Maschinelles Lernen hat daher das Potenzial, in Zukunft in der Wirtschaftsforschung an Bedeutung zu gewinnen.
Neuronal Ensemble Entropy Coding in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of Rats under Fear Conditioning

The aim of this study is to investigate neuronal ensemble coding mechanism via entropy under fear conditioning. Entropy is a measurement of uncertainty and the amount of information in a sequence, which can quantify information as well as describe the ensemble coding characteristic. The original data we rerecorded at anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of rats by implicated 16 channels array under two conditions:pre-training and testing. Then through a high-pass filtering (300 Hz-7.5 KHz) and spike detection, spike trains were obtained via spike sorting. The entropy values were performed in a selected window (500 ms)with a moving step (size of 1/4 window). The results showed that the entropy values were lower in pretraining with no ensemble activity; in testing condition,the entropy values were higher, where presented obvious ensemble activity. Conclusion: in pre-training,no ensemble activity was presented, which indicated that memory was not formed; in testing condition,obvious ensemble activity was manifested, which showed that the fear memory has been built up. The effect on coding firing information of neuronal ensemble by dynamic entropy coding was proved.
Multi-label annotation study in video semantic content analysis

Annotation is an important step in video content analysis. In this paper, one inter-concepts strong association and dependency multi-label annotation method for video semantic concept is presented. In video content analysis process, concepts are often correlated. One concept in one shot are usually dependent on others concepts in the same shot. Co-occurrence of several semantic concepts could imply the presence of other concepts. Unlike previous approaches only to take into count the pair concepts correlations, the proposed methods exploits label correlations between concepts including more than three. For generation the inter-concepts association and dependency rules, join and prune techniques are employed to get potential semantic concept associations in one shot. Compound labels are considered as a single label in annotation step. Experiment results on real-world multi-label media data show that the performance of proposed method is relative satisfied.
Validity and reliability in qualitative research.

Validity and reliability are key aspects of all research. Meticulous attention to these two aspects can make the difference between good research and poor research and can help to assure that fellow scientists accept findings as credible and trustworthy. This is particularly vital in qualitative work, where the researcher’s subjectivity can so readily cloud the interpretation of the data, and where research findings are often questioned or viewed with scepticism by the scientific community.
Spike-Based Readout of POSFET Tactile Sensors

We present a low-power compact circuit for the event-driven readout of tactile sensors. The taxel is based on the POSFET device, a sensotronic unit where a piezo-electric material is deposited on the gate of a transistor, integrated with a Leaky-Integrate and Fire neuron circuit. This device encodes the applied force with trains of digital pulses, using the asynchronous Address Event Representation protocol. The instantaneous output spiking frequency is directly proportional to the force applied to the taxel. We show a full characterization of the device as well as quantitative measurements from a prototype fabricated on AMS CMOS 350-nm process. The taxel can reliably distinguish applied forces from 0.1 N up to 1.5 N.
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence

Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans. In order to study the role of each Sap isoenzyme in pathogenicity, we have constructed strains which harbor mutations at selected SAP genes. SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption. The growth rates of all homozygous null mutants were similar to those of the isogenic wild-type parental strain (SC5314) in complex and defined media. In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314. In contrast, sap2 null mutants tended to clump, grew poorly in this medium, and produced the lowest proteolytic activity. Addition of ammonium ions reversed such growth defects. These results support the view that Sap2 is the dominant isoenzyme. When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314. However, reduction of proteolytic activity in vitro did not correlate directly with the extent of attenuation of virulence observed for all Sap-deficient mutants. These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
Leaf Epicuticular Waxes

The external surface of the higher plants comprises a cuticular layer covered by a waxy deposit. This deposit is believed to play a major part in such phenomena as the water balance of plants and the behavior of agricultural sprays. The wax contains a wide range of organic compounds. These complex mixtures are amenable to modern microchromatographic and microspectrometric analytical procedures. The few surveys which have been made of the species distribution of certain classes of constituents indicate that such distribution may be of limited taxonomic value; however, the wax composition of a species may differ for different parts of the same plant and may vary with season, locale, and the age of the plant. This fascinating subject, in which the disciplines of botany, biochemistry, chemistry, and physics overlap and interact, is still in a very active state. Much remains to be learned about the composition and fine structure of the wax deposits, and, for this, experimental study of wax crystallization and permeation through artificial membranes will be required. Enzymic studies, radiolabeling, and electron microscopy will be needed to reveal the mode of biogenesis of the wax constituents and their site of formation and subsequent pathway through the cuticle to the leaf surface.
Crystal Structure and Vibrational Behaviour of Aqua Di(saccharinato)di(nicotinamide)copper(II)

The crystal structure of [Cu(sac)2(nic)2(H2O)] (sac = saccharinate anion; nic = nicotinamide) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with Z = 4 and the Cu(II) ion presents a CuN4O square pyramidal coordination. Some comparisons with related structures are made and the most important features of its IR spectrum were also discussed.
Acid hydrolases of the epidermis: subcellular localization and relationship to cornification.

Three lysosomal-type acid hydrolases were examined in subcellular fractions of the developing epidermis of fetal rats to assess the relationship of degradative enzymes to cornification. As the granular layer developed and cornified between 18 and 20 days (D) of gestation, epidermal acid phosphatase increased, acid phospholipase A remained constant, and beta-glucuronidase activity declined. The enzymes were present in 3,000, 17,000, and 100,000 g particulate fractions and soluble cytoplasm. However distribution differed: acid phosphatase and phospholipase A were more preferentially localized than was glucuronidase in the 17,000 g fraction which excluded mitochondria and ribosomes and was enriched in lamellar granules. The findings suggested that acid phosphatase and phospholipase were present in membrane-bound organelles (e.g., lamellar granules) in the granular layer. Particulate acid phosphatase increased with granular layers on days 19 and 20 while a 7-fold increase in soluble enzyme coincided with cornification on day 20. As shown by isoelectric focusing, the enzyme became more heterogeneous at day 20 than at day 18, suggesting increased glycosylation. The particulate fraction displayed lysosomal characteristics with respect to release of acid phosphatase, which was inhibited by hydrocortisone and enhanced by retinol. When fetal epidermis was allowed to cornify in organ cultures, similar increases in acid phosphatase occurred. The presence of hydrocortisone did not affect increase in total enzyme but a greater proportion remained in the particulate fraction. The findings suggest that particulate acid phosphatase and phospholipase are compartmentalized in organelles with lysosomal characteristics during development of granular cells and that release of phosphatase is coincident with cornification. This may reflect not only exocytosis of lamellar granules but also intracellular release of the hydrolytic enzyme.
Remission and Survival Following Monthly Intraarterial Cisplatinum in Nonresectable Hepatoma

Precis: Intraarterial delivery of 50 mg/m2 cisplatinum on a monthly basis is a well-tolerated regimen for patients with nonresectable hepatoma. The selective uptake of cisplatinum delivered intraarterially suggests other selective intraarterial protocols would be of use in regional cancers treated with cisplatinum. Background: Sixty-seven patients with nonresectable hepatoma were treated with hepatic artery infusions (HAI) of 50 mg/m2 cisplatinum on a monthly basis. Methods: Forty-eight patients received an initial course of whole liver external radiation with intravenous (IV) cisplatinum 50 mg/m2. Nineteen patients did not receive radiation and received HAI cisplatinum only. All patients then received HAI cisplatinum at 50 mg/m2 on a monthly basis. Six patients were given a tracer dose of radioactive 195mcisplatinum for quantitation by the HAI and IV routes. Results: Monthly HAI cisplatinum was well tolerated and could be repeated indefinitely. Median survival for primarily treated nonresectable hepatomas was 12 months [alpha fetoprotein (AFP) elevated] and 17.5 months (AFP negative). Radioactive cisplatinum given by HAI yielded 34–55% tumor uptake of cisplatinum vs. <5% by IV delivery. Conclusions: Hepatic intraarterial cisplatinum at 50 mg/m2 is a well-tolerated monthly regimen for patients with nonresectable hepatoma.
Stabilizing Controller Parametrization of Fault Tolerant Control Systems

This paper presents a stabilizing controller parametrization method of Fault Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS) based on the stochastic exponential mean square (EMS) stability of the Markovian model of FTCS. The free parameters of the controller parametrization are real matrices or scalars therefore it is easy to implement numerically. Furthermore, a relation between the necessary existence conditions of stabilizing controllers and the classical Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is shown and can be used to direct the parameter selection. As a possible application, this parametrization result can be used with the randomized algorithms for controller design.
Bounds for the Largest Laplacian Eigenvalue of Weighted Graphs

Let be weighted graphs, as the graphs where the edge weights are positive definite matrices. The Laplacian eigenvalues of a graph are the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix of a graph . We obtain two upper bounds for the largest Laplacian eigenvalue of weighted graphs and we compare these bounds with previously known bounds.
ESR estimation method for DC-DC converters based on improved EMD algorithm

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are usually used in DC-DC converters as smoothing capacitors. According to the statistics data, they are the weakest among various power components in the DC-DC converter. With the increase of the running time, the performance degradation of electrolytic capacitors reflects in electrical parameters, mainly the Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) and capacitance. The best indicator of the output filter capacitor failure is the increase of ESR. And the output ripple voltage of the converter increases with respect to ESR. Monitoring the ESR variation of the electrolytic capacitor, achieving by voltage and current ripple, can estimate the health state of the converter.
The TIN: An Approach to Powerful and Cheap User Interfaces

The application of metaphor to user interface design is poorly understood and with only a few exceptions, badly executed. Yet metaphor has great potential to help users acquire appropriate mental models of interactive systems. In this paper I examine some of the issues that plague metaphoric user interfaces and suggest solutions that could lead to greater rates of success.
Dynamic trajectory-based couch motion for improvement of radiation therapy trajectories in cranial SRT.

PURPOSE To investigate potential improvement in external beam stereotactic radiation therapy plan quality for cranial cases using an optimized dynamic gantry and patient support couch motion trajectory, which could minimize exposure to sensitive healthy tissue. METHODS Anonymized patient anatomy and treatment plans of cranial cancer patients were used to quantify the geometric overlap between planning target volumes and organs-at-risk (OARs) based on their two-dimensional projection from source to a plane at isocenter as a function of gantry and couch angle. Published dose constraints were then used as weighting factors for the OARs to generate a map of couch-gantry coordinate space, indicating degree of overlap at each point in space. A couch-gantry collision space was generated by direct measurement on a linear accelerator and couch using an anthropomorphic solid-water phantom. A dynamic, fully customizable algorithm was written to generate a navigable ideal trajectory for the patient specific couch-gantry space. The advanced algorithm can be used to balance the implementation of absolute minimum values of overlap with the clinical practicality of large-scale couch motion and delivery time. Optimized cranial cancer treatment trajectories were compared to conventional treatment trajectories. RESULTS Comparison of optimized treatment trajectories with conventional treatment trajectories indicated an average decrease in mean dose to the OARs of 19% and an average decrease in maximum dose to the OARs of 12%. Degradation was seen for homogeneity index (6.14% ± 0.67%-5.48% ± 0.76%) and conformation number (0.82 ± 0.02-0.79 ± 0.02), but neither was statistically significant. Removal of OAR constraints from volumetric modulated arc therapy optimization reveals that reduction in dose to OARs is almost exclusively due to the optimized trajectory and not the OAR constraints. CONCLUSIONS The authors' study indicated that simultaneous couch and gantry motion during radiation therapy to minimize the geometrical overlap in the beams-eye-view of target volumes and the organs-at-risk can have an appreciable dose reduction to organs-at-risk.
The crossroads of culture and health among the Roma (Gypsies).

PURPOSE To alert health care providers to commonly encountered cross-cultural impediments to optimal health care delivery for the Roma (also known as Gypsies) and to offer suggestions for avoiding culturally based problems in treating this subculture. ORGANIZING FRAMEWORK Understanding of sociocultural bases of health-related behaviors is necessary for culturally competent and effective health care. METHODS Review of literature and personal interviews. FINDINGS Cultural factors that can affect health care delivery include: concepts of pollution, cleanliness, ideal weight, death, and views of medical procedures such as immunizations and surgery. Responsiveness of health care providers to expectations of Roma about their involvement of family and the hierarchy of age and sex also can enhance patient-provider relationships that in turn can improve compliance and satisfaction with health care regimens. CONCLUSION The Roma have some culturally distinct beliefs and behaviors related to their health and health care. Knowledge of these characteristics and accommodations to cultural differences are important in their health care.
Comparison between Single-Objective and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms: Performance Comparison and Performance Measures

We compare single-objective genetic algorithms (SOGAs) with multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGAs) in their applications to multi-objective knapsack problems. First we discuss difficulties in comparing a single solution by SOGAs with a solution set by MOGAs. We also discuss difficulties in comparing several solutions from multiple runs of SOGAs with a large number of solutions from a single run of MOGAs. It is shown that existing performance measures are not necessarily suitable for such comparison. Then we compare SOGAs with MOGAs through computational experiments on multi-objective knapsack problems. Experimental results on two-objective problems show that MOGAs outperform SOGAs even when they are evaluated with respect to a scalar fitness function used in SOGAs. This is because MOGAs are more likely to escape from local optima. On the other hand, experimental results on four-objective problems show that the search ability of MOGAs is degraded by the increase in the number of objectives. Finally we suggest a framework of hybrid algorithms where a scalar fitness function in SOGAs is probabilistically used in MOGAs to improve the convergence of solutions to the Pareto front.
Temperature Influence on Equivalent Impedance and Efficiency of Inductor Systems for Domestic Induction Heating Appliances

Domestic induction heating systems exhibit temperature dependence on its main characteristics. In the past, analytical expressions of the equivalent impedance and efficiency were derived for a constant temperature planar inductor coil system. In this paper, extended expressions including thermal effects are proposed and, finally, experimentally validated by means of measurements and a FEM simulation.
The pre-beta lipoprotein phenomenon in relation to serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, the Lp(a) lipoprotein and coronary heart disease.

The present publication is based on the following papers:I Dahlen, G. , Ericson, C. & Furberg, C. : Electrophoresis oflipoproteins on cellulose acetate membrane. Acta med. scand. ,Suppl. 531: 5, 1972.II Dahlen, G. , Ericson, C. , Furberg, C. , Lundkvist, L. S Frick, M. H. : Lp(a) lipoprotein and pre-s1-lipoprotein in patients with coronary heart disease.Clinical Genetics, 1974. In press.X Dahlen, G. h Ericson, C. : Changes in lipid levels with age inmales with and without the pre-s1-lipoprotein. Opusc. Med.19: 171, 1974.XI Dahlen, G. , Berg, K. , Gillnas, T. h Ericson, C. : Lp(a)lipoprotein/pre-s , -lipoprotein in Swedish middle-aged malesand in patients with coronary heart disease. Accepted for publicationin Clinical Genetics, 1974.These papers will be referred to in the text by their Roman numerals.