Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE ON CYTOSKELETON IN CHO AA8 CELL LINE

Kofeina to jeden z najcześciej spozywanych alkaloidow, spotykany miedzy innymi w napojach energetyzujących, kawie, herbacie czy czekoladzie, przez co stanowi ona skladnik codziennej diety milionow ludzi. Przez wiele lat uwaga naukowcow skupiala sie na dzialaniu kofeiny na organizmy zywe, w tym procesy fizjologiczne. Od niedawna, przedmiotem badan jest mechanizm dzialania kofeiny. Ze wzgledu na zaangazowanie bialek cytoszkieletu w procesy śmierci komorkowej, za zasadne uznano ocene indukowanych przez alkaloid zmian w obrebie wimentyny, F-aktyny oraz β-tubuliny. Ponadto analizowano morfologie i ultrastrukture komorek badanej linii. Podczas realizacji tematu wykorzystano metodyke z zakresu mikroskopii świetlnej, klasycznej mikroskopii fluorescencyjnej, a takze transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, iz kofeina wplywa istotnie statystycznie na przezycie komorek linii CHO AA8. Obserwowane dwa typy morfologii komorek – obkurczonych, ze skondensowaną chromatyną, a takze olbrzymich z widocznymi mikrojądrami, sugeruje, iz alkaloid moze indukowac zarowno apoptoze, jak i katastrofe mitotyczną.
Labor Vulnerability and the Evolution of the Working Poor in Mexico

This paper addresses changes in labor poverty and labor income at the household level during a period of time characterized by a macroeconomic shock with higher unemployment and lower real wages. Using data from the employment surveys (ENOE) for 2005 and 2010, and with matching for time invariant characteristics, we create a group of comparable households for 2005 to overcome the lack of longer panel data. We applied a probabilistic model for labor poverty, a multinomial for changes in poverty between 2005-2010 and regression for labor income. Results show that social security in the job, increasing members with income, an education play a key role in preventing labor poverty and increasing labor earnings. In the time span households needed to increase their share of earners in order to prevent poverty and decreasing income. Education is mostly relevant for urban areas, but high school and college workers have seen falling their income relatively more.
Feature Frequency Extraction Based on Principal Component Analysis and Its Application in Axis Orbit

Vibration-based diagnosis has been employed as a powerful tool in maintaining the operating efficiency and safety for large rotating machinery. However, the extraction of malfunction features is not accurate enough by using traditional vibration signal processing techniques, owing to their intrinsic shortcomings. In this paper, the relationship between effective eigenvalues and frequency components was investigated, and a new characteristic frequency separation method based on PCA (CFSM-PCA) was proposed. Certain feature frequency could be purified by reconstructing the specified eigenvalues. Furthermore, three significant perspectives were studied via the distribution of effective eigenvalues, and theoretical derivations were subsequently illustrated. More importantly, this proposed scheme could also be used to synthesize axis orbits of larger machines. Purified curves were so explicit and the CFSM-PCA exhibited higher efficiency than harmonic wavelet and wavelet packet.
A Duopoly Model of Nonlinear Pricing Competition

This paper provides a structural interpretation to the estimates of the shape and position of nonlinear tariffs. We focus on the evaluation of price–cost margins, and thus we need to identify marginal cost from an equilibrium model of nonlinear pricing competition. We estimate these price–cost margins using quarterly data from the early U.S. cellular telephone industry between 1984 and 1988. Our results indicate that the margins are increased under duopoly, due to a significant reduction in marginal costs. Moreover, we find that the price–cost margins vary over the consumption levels and that low end users are subject to higher price–cost margins than high-end users. The impact of competition further increases the margins in the low-end user segment, relative to high end-users. In that sense the benefits of competition, which are largely due to increased efficiencies, are passed on relatively more to high–end users. We also show that these findings are robust even if one includes a number of observable market demand and cost variables. JEL: D43, D82, L96.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE : EVIDENCE FROM AN EMERGING COUNTRY YÖNETICILERIN ÜCRETLENDIRILMESI VE FIRMA PERFORMANSI

Shareholders delegate daily operation to their agents with the assumption that they would work totally for their benefit. However, individual efforts of agents are not directly observable by the principal (shareholders). To align the interests of agents and those of shareholders, compensation schemes are based on either market or accounting measures (or a combination of the two). This paper, using longitudinal data of 151 listed Turkish firms over the years of 2006 to 2015, found that total compensation amount paid to executives and directors is sensitive to both accounting and market measures. It is revealed that current year net profit and lagged total shareholder value created played important role in the determination of compensation level of executives. The estimations revealed that TL 10,000 return provided to shareholders in the previous year caused TL 5 increase in executives’ total compensation, whereas TL 2 of TL 1000 current year net profit of the firms is given to the executives. It is believed that compensation contracts which are sharing only a fraction of created shareholder value with the agent cannot align the interests of both parties and fully mitigate the agency problem.
Factors Affecting the Power of Haplotype Markers in Association Studies

An important, unresolved question in genome‐wide association studies is whether there are predictable differences in power between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype markers. In this study, we use coalescent simulations to compare power for single‐SNP and haplotype markers under a number of different models of demographic history and trait genetic architecture. We find that, across a range of plausible scenarios, the average power of 2‐ and 3‐SNP haplotype markers to detect a quantitative trait locus (QTL) exceeds that of single‐SNP markers. The average increase in power is greater when a QTL is due to more than one polymorphism, when the population has experienced a bottleneck, and/or when marker SNPs are ascertained. These results are particularly relevant to applications where populations have experienced bottlenecks and marker density is low.
Moisture sorption models for wood (Модели сорбционной влажности древесины)

While making calculations for non-steady heat-and-moisture exchange processes in building envelope constructions it is necessary to consider moisture sorption isotherms of the materials in use. Fifteen aqueous vapor sorption models have been analyzed in order to select the simplest one that represents conventional equilibrium wood moisture values in the most accurate way. Hailwood-Horrobin and Peleg modified equations with three and four empirical constants respectively are the most suitable ones for description. When selecting models for calculations in a climatically defined range of air temperature and relative humidity values, these equations might be in preference to others. The dependence of the constants in these equations on the ambient air temperature have been calculated. Аннотация. При расчетах нестационарных процессов тепловлагопереноса в ограждающих конструкциях зданий необходимо знание изотерм сорбционной влажности материалов. Пятнадцать моделей сорбции паров воды проанализированы с позиции выбора наиболее простой и точно описывающей принятые в инженерной практике значения равновесной влажности древесины. Перспективными для описания изотерм сорбции при различных температурах являются модифицированные уравнения Hailwood-Horrobin с тремя и Peleg с четырьмя эмпирическими константами. При выборе моделей для численных расчетов эти уравнения могут иметь приоритетное значение в диапазоне природно-климатических температурно-влажностных вариаций наружного воздуха. Рассчитаны зависимости констант этих уравнений от температуры окружающего воздуха. Introduction The way moisture affects construction materials is thoroughly studied. In most dense construction materials, e.g. cement concrete and mortar, high moisture content at positive temperatures leads to cement hydration, which results in increased hardness and density of the material due to pore colmatation with hydration products and surface carbonation. In highly porous thermal insulation materials high moisture content increases thermal conductivity, which leads to increased heat loss through building envelope constructions. In case the thermal conductivity factor that depends on moisture sorption of materials and corresponds with usage conditions A or B according to Construction Regulations SP 50.13330. 2012 “Thermal protection of buildings. Updated edition. Construction Norms and Regulations SNiP 23-022003” is used in thermotechnical calculations, construction materials are often overused. Calculation results with regard to material moisture content depending on air temperature and relative humidity in the climatic conditions of Krasnodar, Russia, published in Paper [1] showcase that the reduced total thermal resistance value exceeds the normatively calculated value by 26, 15 and 16 percent for single-layer walls
Genetic structure of Carcinus maenas within its native range: larval dispersal and oceanographic variability

Unravelling the interactions between life-history strategies and oceanography is central to our understanding of gene flow and connectivity in the marine environment. In the present study, we investigated the population genetic structure of the shore crab in its native range in relation to oceanographic characteristics and dispersal potential. Using 10 microsatellite markers over 2 yr, we surveyed 18 locations distributed along ~4200 km within the species native range, from Sweden to Morocco, assessed the population structure by means of FST and Bayesian clustering analysis and tested the hypothesis of isolation-by-distance (IBD) with a Mantel test. We focused particular atten- tion along a 1200 km stretch of the Iberian Peninsula. We found no evidence of genetic structure (FST = 0.0001, p > 0.05) along the Iberian coast, and patterns were temporally stable over 2 yr. Across the more extensive geographic spatial scale, overall genetic differentiation was low (FST = 0.001) but statistically significant (p < 0.001). Furthermore, clustering analysis grouped the samples into 3 genetic units from (1) Sweden, (2) Wales and the Iberian Peninsula and (3) Morocco. While the cor- relation between genetic and geographic distances was significant, the pattern was not consistent with an IBD pattern. Results suggests that, in the absence of barriers to gene flow, shore crab popu- lations are genetically similar across thousands of kilometres, but isolated populations still may occur within the species native range. Local oceanography and larval behaviour may have a significant influence on the structuring of the populations under study.
Ground-state energy and depletions for a dilute binary Bose gas

When calculating the ground-state energy of a weakly interacting Bose gas with the help of the customary contact pseudopotential, one meets an artifical ultraviolet divergence which is caused by the incorrect treatment of the true interparticle interactions at small distances. We argue that this problem can be avoided by retaining the actual, momentum-dependent interaction matrix elements, and use this insight for computing both the ground-state energy and the depletions of a binary Bose gas mixture. Even when considering the experimentally relevant case of equal masses of both species, the resulting expressions are quite involved, and no straightforward generalizations of the known single-species formulas. On the other hand, we demonstrate in detail how these latter formulas are recovered from our two-species results in the limit of vanishing interspecies interaction.
Temperature stress in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi : a test for adaptation to soil temperature in three isolates of Funneliformis mosseae from different climates.

Climate change may impose stimulations or constraints on the mycorrhizal symbiosis by increasing and fluctuating temperatures. We conducted a study to compare the soil temperature response curves (6, 12, 18, and 24 o C) of three isolates of Funneliformis mosseae from different regions and climates (Finland, Denmark, Spain), to test if the isolates from cold environments were able to grow better at lower temperatures and the isolates from warmer environments grew better at higher temperatures. The results provided clear evidence suggesting no adaptation to soil temperature in these AMF isolates. All isolates showed reduced development and very little external mycelium growth at 6 and 12 o C, and similar increased development with increasing soil temperature. These results suggest that AMF have a narrow window to develop in cold regions where temperatures below 15 o C prevail.
Minimizing a special type of functions

We solve a minimization problem of a particular class of functions. This problem appears in different aspects such as regression, l1−norm minimization of curves in R d ,dis a positive integer, and approximation theory. A special case of this problem is directly related to quantile regression. Then we obtain a number of corollaries and discuss some applications of them.
Diffeomorphisms between spheres and hyperplanes in infinite-dimensional Banach spaces

We prove that for every infinite-dimensional Banach space X with a Frechet differentiable norm, the sphere S-X is diffeomorphic to each closed hyperplane in X. We also prove that every infinite-dimensional Banach space Y having a (not necessarily equivalent) C-p norm (with p is an element of N boolean OR {infinity}) is C-p diffeomorphic to Y \ {0}.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE YR-18 DURABLE ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE GENE IN THE NEAR ISOGENIC LINE OF SPRING WHEAT TO STRIPE RUST WITH CONFOCAL LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPY

ASTRACT Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is a revolutionary advance in the field of light microscopy which, in recent years, has been used on interaction studies between host and pathogen. This study carried out on the flag leaves of the susceptible spring wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.) known as Thatcher and its near isogenic line with the Yr18 adult-plant resistance gene to stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), by confocal laser scanning microscopy. A suspension of fresh urediniospores of stripe rust, isolate SR99-UA (race, 70E 128) in a light mineral oil ( Soltrol, 170 ) was sprayed on the flag leaves in vitro, then four segments were sampled at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 18 days after inoculation. These segments were further divided into 1-2 cm. For detailed observation, two fluorescent dyes Acridin orange and X-Rodamin-1, known to be nucleic acid and calcium binding probes, were used, respectively. CLSM made it possible to visualize host/pathogen interaction in serial without sectioning at a three dimensional level from adaxial to aboxial leaves. According to the results, no difference in pre-penetration behavior of the fungus in the two genotypes was observed. During the early stages of penetration, host cell necrosis was occasionally seen only on the resistant genotype. Few dead cells were observed on the susceptible host 12-18 days after inoculation. However, by this time, the resistant host had a markedly high number of dead cells; there were numerous necrotic areas or pustules resembling hypersensitive response. In the infected areas and around the pustules of the resistant host a remarkable red color was observed by the presence of a thick fluorescence rich calcium layer. The intensity of calcium fluorescence in the non-infected areas of both genotypes and in the infected areas of the susceptible host were nearly the same, indicating calcium mobilization as part of the defensive response in resistant near isogenic lines containing the gene Yr-18. This result indicated that calcium mobilization at the point of challenge by the pathogen played an important role in the near isogenic resistance line of Thatcher in the wheat stripe rust pathosystem. This is the first report on calcium mobilization in a cereal rust pathosystem as a part of the resistance response.
Biosynthesis of very long polyunsaturated Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids in transgenic Japonica rice (Oryza sativa L)

In this research, the fatty acid pathway was modified to produce the C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by co-expression the genes encoding omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (SK-FAD3) from Saccharomyces kluyveri, DELTA9-elongase (IgASE1) from Isochrysis galbana, Delta8-desaturase (efd1) from Euglena gracilis and Delta5-desaturase from Mortierella alpina (MortDelta5) in japonica rice plant through Agrobacterium tumafaciens transformation method. The Southern hybridization analysis has confirmed the integration of these four transgenes and showed the presence of one copy number for each transgene in all five lines of T0 transgenic rice (T0-1, T0-2, T0-3, T0-4 and T0-5). The GC analysis showed the presence of new fatty acids eicosadienoic acid (EDA), eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA) and arachidonic (ARA) in transformed leaves of T0 and T1 compare to wild type. Further analysis of total fatty acid content in seeds showed that linolenic acids (LA) was increased at 1-2% in T0-2, T0-4 and T0-5 while alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) content accumulated up to 0.2% in T0-4 of transformed plant.
Camelia ( Camelina sativa L. Crantz Variety) Oil and Seeds as n-3 Fatty Acids Rich Products in Broiler Diets and Its Effects on Performance, Meat Fatty Acid Composition, Immune Tissue Weights, and Plasma Metabolic Profile

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of Camelia (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) variety (CS) oil or seeds on performance, meat quality, immunity and plasma metabolic profile in broiler chickens. The broilers (n= 2,080, Cobb 500) were randomly allocated (sex ratio 1:1) for 32-day experimental periods (from 11d to 42 d) to 4 experimental groups: Control (corn-soybean meal-full fat soy based diet), Group I (with CS oil added at 2.5%), Group II (5% CS seeds), and Group III (10% CS seeds, respectively) of 520 birds each, and received the diets ad libitum . Gas chromatography method was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the ingredients and breast muscle. At slaughter (42 day), a simplified analysis of the carcasses was conducted. The thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius were aseptically removed and weighed. Results indicated that the adding of 2.5% CS oil and 5% CS seed did not have a negative effect on performance and carcass characteristics (i.e. carcass yield, legs, and breast proportions). Chickens fed the diet containing 10% CS seed had significantly decreased (P< 0.001) BW gain. A significant decrease was also observed in the proportion of abdominal fat (P< 0.05) in carcasses with increasing levels of CS seeds in the diet. However, the diets with CS oil and seeds led to significant increases in omega n-3 fatty acids profile in the breast muscle, mainly �-linolenic acid (P< 0.0001), eicosapentaenoic acid (P< 0.0301), docosapentaenoic acid (P< 0.0123) and docosahexaenoic acid (P< 0.0026). The diets did not significantly affect the spleens and thymus weights, plasma enzymes activity, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) content. Plasma energy profile showed a tendency (P< 0.066) towards increased triglyceride content and significantly decreased total cholesterol (P< 0.019) and its fractions (P< 0.001) in the groups receiving CS oil and seeds in the diet.
A transferable method for the automated grain sizing of river gravels

The spatial and temporal resolution of surface grain‐size characterization is constrained by the limitations of traditional measurement techniques. In this paper we present an extremely rapid image‐processing‐based procedure for the measurement of exposed fluvial gravels and other coarse‐grained sediments, defining the steps required to minimize the errors in the derived grain‐size distribution. This procedure differs significantly from those used previously. It is based around a robust object‐detection algorithm that produces excellent results on images exhibiting a wide range of sedimentary conditions, crucially, without any user intervention or site‐specific parameterization. The procedure is tested using a data set comprising 39 images from three rivers with contrasting grain lithology, shape, roundness, and packing configuration and representing a very wide range of textures. It is shown to perform more consistently than the best existing automated method, achieving a precision equivalent to that obtainable by Wolman sampling, but taking between one sixth and one twentieth of the time. The error in area‐by‐number grain‐size distribution percentiles is typically less than 0.05 ?
TIME-SERIES MODELS FOR RELIABILITY E V A L U A T I O N OF POWER SYSTEMS

-An essential step in the reliability evaluation of a power system containing Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) using sequential Monte Carlo analysis is to simulate the hourly wind speed. This paper presents two different time-series models generated using different available wind data. Wind data from Environment Canada and SaskPower are used to illustrate these models. No assumptions or previously estimated factors are included in the models. In order to check the adequacy of the proposed models, the F-criterion and Q-test are used, and the statistical characteristics of the simulated wind speeds are compared with those obtained from the actual wind speeds. The proposed wind models satisfy the basic statistical tests and preserve the high-order auto-correlation, seasonal property and diurnal distributions of the actual wind speed. Copyright ~) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Encoding Commonsense Lexical Knowledge into WordNet

In this paper, we propose an extension of the WordNet conceptual model, with the final purpose of encoding the common sense lexical knowledge associated to words used in everyday life. The extended model has been defined starting from the short descriptions generated by naïve speakers in relation to target concepts (i.e. feature norms). Even if this proposal has been developed primarily for therapeutic purposes, it can be seen as a generalization of the original WordNet model that takes into account a much wider and systematic set of semantic relations. The extended model is also an enhancement of the psycholinguistic vocation of the WordNet model. A featural representation of concepts is nowadays assumed by most models of the human semantic memory. For testing our proposal, we conducted a feature elicitation experiment and collected descriptions of 50 concepts from 60 participants. Problematic issues related to the encoding of this information into WordNet are discussed and preliminary results are presented.
Towards modeling of epidemic spread: eigenvalue computation

The eigenvalue equation intervenes in models of infectious disease propa- gation and could be used as an ally of vaccination campaigns in the actions carried out by health care organizations. The epidemiological modeling tech- niques can be considered by analogy, as computer viral propagation which depends only on the underlying graph status at a given time. We point out pagerank as method to study the epidemic spread and consider its calculation in the context of small-world phenomenon. Basing on Baraba si-Albert power law graphs, we adapt the model to make the matrix involved have a large and sparse structure, so that numerical methods based on matrix-vector prod- ucts could be employed. We propose to use the implicitly restarted Arnoldi method and introduce its adapted parallel algorithm for the case of very large social graphs.