Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Rule-Based and Hypertextual Electronic Mail System for Electronic Learning Environments: Applying the Distributed Network Learning Framework.

This paper discusses issues related to the design of software tools that support learners in their participation in network-based learning activities. To guide the development and use of a new class of educationally-oriented network tools, this paper proposes a cognitively-based, distributed network learning framework (DNLF). This framework has three main aspects: (1) network mediators and die flow of information and knowledge; (2) networks and cognitive theories of learning; and (3) the human-network interface. As an example of an application of the DNLF, an ongoing research and development project is described that involves an electronic mail program called The Message Assistant is described. The Message Assistant is designed to promote higher order learning goals as a part of instructional activities conducted over distributed educational networks. In addition to the standard electronic mail features such as creating, sending, receiving, and reading messages, this program includes a user-defined incremental expert system and hypertextual linking funct;. ons to assist network users in their evaluation, organization, and distribution of network information and knowledge. Research using the DNLF can provide insights into important aspects of electronic educational networks and help guide the design of tools to better support learning in these rapidly evolving network environments. Six figures illustrate The Message Assistant screen displays. (Contains 14 references.) (Author/ALF) *********************************************************************** Aeproauctions supplied by E.DRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** A RULE-BASED AND HYPERTEXTUAL ELECTRONIC MAIL SYSTEM FOR ELECTRONIC LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: APPLYING THE DISTRIBUTED NETWORK LEARNING FRAMEWORK
Motivational factors of youth tourists visiting Belgrade

Youth tourism is characterized by diversity of participants’ motivation, in which culture-related motivational factors were designated in the previous research as particularly important. Aim of the research is providing contribution to the current findings about general motivation of youth tourists and their motivation to visit Belgrade. Research was conducted via survey in which the respondents rated importance of different push and pull motivational factors on Likert scales. Results indicate that culture-related push factors were rated highly, but lower than having fun, visiting interesting places, getting away from the routine and excitement. The most important pull factors are contact with the local residents and cultural attractions sightseeing, which were rated higher than recreation and engagement in night life, confirming the important role of culture in the motivation of youth tourists. The fact that Belgrade was on the way to another destination and the perceived inexpensiveness of stay in it were rated as more important pull factors than city's attraction base, which is in accordance with the determined transit quality of the visit. By using statistical methods (t-test, ANOVA), it was established that socio-demographic characteristics and trip frequency had significant influence on general and tourists' motivation to visit Belgrade.
Response of 'Merlot' (Vitis vinifera) grapevine to defoliation caused by downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) during the following growing season.

The downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ) epidemics on leaf canopy during the ripening phase causes a stress situation for the grapevine. The plant compensates the carbohydrate request of the berries mobilising the carbohydrate reserves stored in the woody parts. In this fourth study the impact of the reserves reduction on the growth and fertility and the recovering capacity of the plant were analysed during two consecutive periods of two years (first year = stress; second year = recovering). Two treatments were compared: “Untreated canopy” (to prevent quantity losses, the clusters were treated once with a contact fungicide at the discovery of the first downy mildew sporulation) and “Standard schedule” (schedule normally applied in the vineyard). The impact of decreased reserve contents in the following growth season has negatively influenced only the shoot elongation and the potential crop yield quantity of the “Untreated canopy” treatment. Nevertheless, a single recovery year was enough to rebuild the reserve pool particularly in the roots, confirming the acclimation potential of the grapevine.
Mediated Liposome for Gene Delivery to Mice Brain Part I. Design and Characterization of Liposome-DNA Complexes

The purpose of this research is to develop a novel liposome-mediated system for delivery of expression plasmid into specific regions in the rat brain. Complexes of plasmid DNA and different liposome were prepared in phase 1 of the study. The composition , method of preparation were varied and the physico-chemical characterization of the different systems were investigated two different methods of preparation were used, in the first method the liposome were prepared simultaneously with the DNA entrapped into the liposome and in the second method, the liposome were prepared first and then complexes with the DNA were performed. The liposome formulations were composed of DOTAP:Cholesterol; and DC-Chol:DOPE and different lipid helpers . The particle size of liposomes prepared with DNA entrapped into the liposome were larger than those prepared with liposome-DNA complexation. All liposome formulations were spherical, uniform in size and have smooth surface. In vitro DNase digestion experiments demonstrated that liposome protect 60-80% plasmid DNA from DNase digestion. The plasmid:DNA lmediated liposome can be widely prepared, have less risk than the use of viral vectors, can protect DNA fron DNase digestion, none toxic and therefore can be used repeatedly in vivo.
Childrens activities in Norwegian kindergartens. Part 2: Focus on variations

The Norwegian early year's educational field is known at one with high quality which can be associated with equal opportunities for every child. In the Norwegian Kindergarten Act §1 and in Framework Plan for Kindergarten in Norway (7), it is stated that: Kindergarten will promote democracy and equality and combat all forms of discrimination. In these key articula tions, formal political norms are understood as rules of behaviour and expectations that are devised politically. The motivation for studying what is going on in the Norwegian kindergartens comes from a curiosity about state of affair, to get closer to the empirical facts of vari ations between vulnerable groups of children. How are everyday life activities for girls and boys, for children with special needs and for children with origins outside Europe? According to the Nordic Database such infor mation and knowledge are lacking. Based on an overall picture of children's activities in kindergarten (se part 1 in this special issue), this study further explored whether particular groups of children were involved in different types of activities. The investigated group vari ables were age, gender, ethnicity and physical as well as Children`s activities in Norwegian kindergartens. Part 2: Focus on variations
Some thoughts and suggestions for the revision of the laboratory instruction at the Electronic Engineering Departments of the Technological Educational Institutions ( TEI ) of Greece

The experience accumulated in the Electronic Engineering Department of the Technological Educational Institution (TEI) of Athens indicates that laboratory instruction although is planned to complement theoretical instruction, with practical applications, in practice it doesn’t seem to respond successfully to its specifications and meet the existing needs. This aspect has been proved by a thorough study related to the evaluation of the students’ performance. A packet of measures are suggested for the development of a new spirit in laboratory instruction including a curriculum reform to ensure that students have opportunities to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to conceive and design complex systems and products.
The Impact of Tourism Leakages on Local Economies: A Case Study of Nyanga District, Zimbabwe

Abstract This paper examines the impact of tourism leakages on the local economies. It draws results from a survey done in Nyanga District in Zimbabwe. Data were collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The quantitative analyses were employed to evaluate the level of leakages and its impact on local economies using monetary values. Content analysis was used to summarize community perception of tourism contribution to local economies. Results revealed that the most dominant type of leakage noted in the study area was internal/import leakage followed by external leakage and pre-leakage. Out of USD $187 that is spent by each tourist in Nyanga per day, the locals only get USD $24 which is 12. 83% and the rest, 87.17% goes to the service providers which are not owned by the local people. The leakage of money out of the country was however relatively low. The paper concludes that the low leakage out of the country is a result of limited number of international tourists. Reduction of leakages can only be achieved through the creation of strong and sustainable linkages of ecotourism with the other livelihood options, training local communities and strong local community participation in ecotourism activities.
Identification of phosphate-solubilizing fungi from the asparagus rhizosphere as antagonists of the root and crown rot pathogen Fusarium oxysporum

Identification of phosphate solubilizing fungi in the root zone of asparagus that can inhibit the growth of root and crown rot pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum) is important for the development of bio-fertilizer and bio-control strategies for organic production of asparagus. This study aimed to identify fungi with the ability to solubilize phosphate and inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum in vitro. Twenty five soil samples were collected from the asparagus rhizosphere in the planting areas of Dan Ma Kham Tea district, Kanchanaburi province, Thailand. A total of 59 fungi that could solubilize phosphate in Pikovskaya medium were isolated from 25 soil samples. Fourteen out of 59 fungal isolates were further screened and four isolates were selected. These isolates were tested for growth inhibition of F. oxysporum. One isolate was identified as Penicillium oxalicum and had the highest phosphate solubilizing ability (556 mg P/l). Another isolate was identified as Aspergillus niger and had the highest pathogen inhibition percentage (64%). These isolates are promising for the development of bio-fertilizer and bio-control of F. oxysporum for organic production of asparagus.
Measuring ground subsidence in Hanoi city by radar interferometry

The rapidly developing urbanization since the last decade of the 20th century leads to the strong groundwater extraction, resulting in the subsidence phenomena in the Hanoi, Vietnam. Recent advances in the multi-temporal spaceborne SAR interferometry, especially with Persistent Scatters Interferometry (PSI) approach, is the robust remote sensing technique for measuring ground subsidence in large scale with millimetric accuracy. This work has presented an advanced PSI analysis, to provide unprecedented spatial extent and continuous temporal coverage of the subsidence in Hanoi City. The correlation between the reference leveling velocity and the estimated PSI result is R2 = 0.86, and the root mean square error is 4.0 (mm/year), confirming their good agreement. The study shows that subsidence is most severe in the Haihung silt loam areas in the south of the city. The groundwater extraction resulting from urbanization and urban growth is mainly responsible for the subsidence.
THE EFFECT OF MOISTURE ON FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF ELASTIC KNITTED FABRICS

Kumas yuzeyi ile deri arasindaki surtunme, giysilerin konfor performanslarini belirleyen onemli bir parametredir. Bu calismada farkli oranda elastan iceren orme kumaslarda nem iceriginin surtunme katsayisina etkisi arastirilmistir. Olcumler Minho Universitesinde gelistirilip patent alinmis, kumaslarin surtunme katsayisinin belirlenmesinde yeni bir metoda dayali olarak olcum yapan FRICTORQ cihazi ile yapilmistir. Kumasta artan nem miktari ile surtunme katsayisinin belirli bir limite kadar artmakta oldugu tespit edilmistir. Yaklasik % 40’in uzerindeki nem degerlerinde surtunme katsayisi sabit hale gelmektedir. Yari elastan iceren ve en sik yapidaki kumaslar en yuksek surtunme degerleri vermistir
Turbulent characteristics of saltation and uncertainty of saltation model parameters

Abstract. It is widely recognised that saltation is a turbulent process, similar to other transport processes in the atmospheric boundary layer. Due to a lack of high-frequency observations, the statistic behaviour of saltation is so far not well understood. In this study, we use the data from the Japan–Australia Dust Experiment (JADE) to investigate the turbulent characteristics of saltation by analysing the probability density function, energy spectrum and intermittency of saltation fluxes. Threshold friction velocity, u*t, and saltation coefficient, c0, are two important parameters in saltation models often assumed to be deterministic. As saltation is turbulent in nature, we argue that it is more reasonable to consider them as parameters obeying certain probability distributions. We estimate these distributions using the JADE data. The factors contributing to the stochasticity of u*t and c0 are examined.
From Secondary to Tertiary Education in The Netherlands

In the Netherlands recent decades have seen two specific (though largely unrelated) sets of changes which have been important with respect to the relationship between secondary and higher education: the structure and content of secondary education, and the regulation of access to higher education. In this article, the latest developments in secondary education are described, and changes in the admission policy to post-secondary education (the hogescholen and the universities) are discussed.
Optimal design of a guided wave rail web transducor using numerical modelling

Title: Optimal Design of a Guided Wave Rail Web Transducer using Numerical Modelling Student name: D.A. Ramatlo Supervisor: Dr. D.N. Wilke (supervisor) . Dr. P.W Loveday (co-supervisor) . Dr. C.S Long (co-supervisor) Department: Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Degree: MEng (Mechanical) Date: 2016 Ultrasonic Guided Waves can propagate over long distances, and are thus suitable for the interrogation of long structural members such as rails. A recently developed Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detection (UBRD) system for monitoring continuously welded train rail tracks, primarily detects complete breaks. This system uses a guided wave mode with energy concentrated in the head of the rail, which propagates large distances and which is suitable for detecting defects in the rail head. Exploiting a second mode, with energy concentrated in the web section, would allow us to effectively detect defects in the web of the rail. The objective of this study is to develop an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer that can excite a guided wave mode with energy concentrated in the web of the rail. It is required i © University of Pretoria that the transducer must strongly excite such a mode at the operational frequency of the UBRD system. The objective is thus to obtain a design with optimal performance. A recently developed numerical modelling technique is used to model the interaction of the transducer with the rail structure. The technique employs a 2D Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) mesh of the rail cross-section and a 3D finite element mesh of the transducer; and is thus referred to as SAFE-3D. The accuracy of the SAFE-3D method was validated though experimental measurements performed on a previously developed transducer. A design objective function representative of the energy transmitted by the transducer to the web mode was selected. The identified design variables were the dimensions of the transducer components. The performance of the transducer was optimized using a response surface-based optimization approach with a Latin Hypercube sampled design of experiments (DoE) that required SAFE-3D analyses at the sampled points. A NelderMead optimization algorithm was then used to find an optimal transducer design on the response surface. The performance of the optimal transducer predicted by the response surface was found to be in good agreement with that computed from SAFE-3D. The optimum transducer was manufactured and experimental measurements verified that the transducer model was exceptionally good. The design method adopted in this study could be used to automate the design of transducers for other sections of the rail or other frequencies of operation.
Auditory Steady-State Responses in Magnetoencephalogram and Electroencephalogram:Phenomena, Mechanisms, and Applications

Auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) to sinusoidal amplitude-modulated (SAM) tones or to repeated clicks presented at rates between 10 and 70 Hz have been recorded since the 1980ʼs and some of the important studies are reviewed here. First, the basic methods of elicitation and measurement of ASSRs are presented, and studies on localization of ASSRs and elucidation of the generation mechanisms are reviewed. The amplitude and phase of ASSRs as functions of stimulation parameters are then reviewed. The effects of attention have also been studied and their implications for online ASSR-based brain-computer interface system are mentioned. Finally, possible applications of ASSRs for clinical use and for brain function studies are introduced. ASSRs provide a useful tool both for basic auditory studies and clinical uses such as audiometry.
ON THE MODELING OF HIBRID SYSTEMS

Institute of Solid Mechanics, Ctin Mille 15,010141 BucharestCorresponding author : veturiachiroiu@yahoo.comThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the motion of multibody hybrid systems characterized byswitching between constraints, which are defined as different dynamical regimes. The dynamics ofthese systems is formulated within the framework of Lagrange formalism, based on the Lagrangeequations, and on the symmetries by Noether’s theorems. As an example, we consider the oscillationsof a woodpecker model.
Optimal deployment of combined heat and power in residential dwellings in Iran

The Iranian government encourage the implementation of Distributed Generations (DGs) especially high-efficiency combined heat and power (CHP) systems. CHP could be a sustainable provider of a significant proportion of energy needs for domestic properties. In this paper the use of CHP for a large building complex to provide electric power and the necessary heat for residential dwellings in Iran is investigated. Different factors such as investment cost, maintenance and operation costs of CHP, demand, and the numbers of hours that CHP can provide energy in a year are taken into account. On the other hand the cost of procurement, operation and maintenance of the heating and water heating devices are also considered. Two different scenarios have been considered and investigated for investors. In the first one the output and heat power is used for the building and in the second one the electric output power is sold to the distribution system and the required electric power is bought from the network. These two scenarios are implemented and results along with discussion in detail are provided.
Far-UV HST Spectroscopy of an Unusual Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernova: SN2017egm

SN2017egm is the closest (z = 0.03) H-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) detected to date, and a rare example of an SLSN-I in a massive, metal-rich galaxy. We present the HST UV and optical spectra covering 1000–5500 Å, taken at +3 day relative to the peak. Our data reveal two absorption systems at redshifts matching the host galaxy NGC 3191 (z = 0.0307) and its companion galaxy (z = 0.0299) 73″ apart. Weakly damped Lyα absorption lines are detected at these two redshifts, with H i column densities of (3.0 ± 0.8) × 1019 and (3.7 ± 0.9) × 1019 cm−2, respectively. This is an order of magnitude smaller than the H i column densities in the disks of nearby galaxies (>1010 M⊙) and suggests that SN2017egm is on the near side of NGC 3191 and has a low host extinction (E(B − V) ∼ 0.007). Using unsaturated metal absorption lines, we find that the host of SN2017egm probably has a solar or higher metallicity and is unlikely to be a dwarf companion to NGC 3191. Comparison of early-time UV spectra of SN2017egm, Gaia16apd, iPTF13ajg, and PTF12dam finds that the continuum at λ > 2800 Å is well fit by a blackbody, whereas the continuum at λ < 2800 Å is considerably below the model. The degree of UV suppression varies from source to source, with the 1400–2800 Å continuum flux ratio of 1.5 for Gaia16apd and 0.4 for iPTF13ajg. This cannot be explained by the differences in magnetar power or blackbody temperature. Finally, the UV spectra reveal a common set of seven broad absorption features and their equivalent widths are similar (within a factor of 2) among the four events.
Improving Metabolic Engineering and Characterization of Clostridium thermocellum for Improved Cellulosic Ethanol Production

Clostridium thermocellum has the natural ability to convert cellulose to ethanol, making it a promising candidate for consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of cellulosic biomass to biofuels. To further improve its CBP capabilities, a mutant strain of C. thermocellum was constructed (strain AG553; C. thermocellum ∆hpt ∆hydG ∆ldh ∆pfl ∆pta-ack) to increase flux to ethanol by removing side product formation. Strain AG553 showed a twoto threefold increase in ethanol yield relative to the wild type on all substrates tested. On defined medium, strain AG553 exceeded 70% of theoretical ethanol yield on lower loadings of the model crystalline cellulose Avicel, effectively eliminating formate, acetate, and lactate production and reducing H2 production by fivefold. On 5 g/L Avicel, strain AG553 reached an ethanol yield of 63.5% of the theoretical maximum compared with 19.9% by the wild type, and it showed similar yields on pretreated switchgrass and poplar. The elimination of organic acid production suggested that the strain might be capable of growth under higher substrate loadings in the absence of pH control. Final ethanol titer peaked at 73.4 mM in mutant AG553 on 20 g/L Avicel, at which point the pH decreased to a level that does not allow growth of C. thermocellum, likely due to CO2 accumulation. In comparison, the maximum titer of wild type C. thermocellum was 14.1 mM ethanol on 10 g/L Avicel. With the elimination of the metabolic pathways to all traditional fermentation products other than ethanol, AG553 is the best ethanol-yielding CBP strain to date and will serve as a platform strain for further metabolic engineering for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.