Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two Domains of the Progesterone Receptor Interact with the Estrogen Receptor and Are Required for Progesterone Activation of the c-Src/Erk Pathway in Mammalian Cells

ABSTRACT In breast cancer cells, estrogens activate the Src/Erk pathway through an interaction of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) with the SH2 domain of c-Src. Progestins have been reported to activate also this pathway either via an interaction of the progesterone receptor isoform B (PRB) with ERα, which itself activates c-Src, or by direct interaction of PRB with the SH3 domain of c-Src. Here we identify two domains of PRB, ERID-I and -II, mediating a direct interaction with the ligand-binding domain of ERα. ERID-I and ERID-II flank a proline cluster responsible for binding of PRB to c-Src. In mammalian cells, the interaction of PRB with ERα and the progestin activation of the Src/Erk cascade are abolished by deletion of either ERID-I or ERID-II. These regions are not required for transactivation of a progesterone-responsive reporter gene. Mutations in the proline cluster of PRB that prevent a direct interaction with c-Src do not affect the strong activation of c-Src by progestins in the presence of ERα. Thus, in cells with ERα, ERID-I and ERID-II are necessary and sufficient for progestin activation of the endogenous Src/Erk pathway.
A dynamic surface model for segmentation of cardiac MRI images and its usage in cardiac wall motion tracking 1

This paper presents the application of a new active contour algorithm for object detection in 3D space. The introduced model is based on techniques of curve evolution for segmentation and level sets. We minimize an energy which can be considered as a particular case of the minimal partition problem. In the level set formulation, the problem becomes a “mean-curvature flow”-like evolving the active contour, which will stop on the desired boundary. However, the stopping term does not depend on the gradient of the image, as in the classical active contour models, but is instead related to a particular segmentation of the image. The method can be put into a 3D level-set framework using a Lipschitz functionφ for automatic topology changes. The novel developed 3D algorithm was used for 3D segmentation of endocardial wall in the left ventricle. The experimental results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed scheme. The segmented cardiac image was then used by our previously developed 3D tracking algorithm to track the endocardial wall motion which resulted in a fully automatic 3D point-wise tracking software for analyzing 3D cardiac MRI images.
Investigation of Factors Influencing Procrastination of Management Accounting Changes (Case Study of Manufacturing Firms Located in Zanjan)

Companies that compete in industrial market are faced with increase in competition originating from globalization of market, technological changes and more demand on the part of customers. All these changes affect management accounting systems of companies tremendously and require that companies change their management accounting systems. There are several factors that cause procrastination of management accounting changes. Here the researcher has cited five factors influencing this procrastination: Accounting staff shortage, loss of computing resources, inconsistency of management, Problems relating to management, Lack of accounting power. The method in this study is descriptive- survey and the factors are studied in manufacturing firms of big and very big size located in Zanjan-Iran. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher has utilized questionnaires and interviews and for the test of research variables Friedman test is employed in order examine equality of importance of variables. Also Man-Whitney Test has been employed to examine meaningful differences between firms of big and very big size. The results of the research indicate importance of research variables from the viewpoint of firms under study in procrastination of management accounting changes.
Advanced verification by automatic property generation

Property checking is a promising approach to prove the correctness of today's complex designs. However, in practice this requires the formulation of formal properties, which is a time consuming and non-trivial task. Therefore, the acceptance and efficiency of formal verification techniques is increased by an automated support for formulating design properties. The authors propose a new methodology to automatically generate complex properties for a given design. The tool ‘Dianosis’ (Dynamic Invariant Analysis on Simulation Traces) implements this methodology by analysing a simulation trace and extracting properties. Complex properties describe the abstract design behaviour and improve design understanding, for example by discussing them with the particular designers or reflecting them to the specification. The properties are presented in a format that is easy to read and they can be used as a basis for the application of formal or assertion-based verification techniques. We provide experimental results on industrial hardware designs that show the effectiveness of ‘Dianosis’ and motivate the practical use.
International Conference on Electricity Distribution Lyon , 15-18 June 2015 Paper 0336 CIRED 2015 1 / 5 AN ANAYTICAL DECISION MODEL TO HIGH VOLTAGE NETWORK PLANNING

The replacement of the aged high voltage network equipment, largely contemporaneous in big cities, is a challenging technical intervention. Nevertheless, it represents a window of opportunity to redefine the high voltage network configuration according to the expected growth of energy loads, operational and maintenance costs, and efficiency and quality of service parameters. The network reconfiguration demands a thorough technoeconomic analysis, as it is associated with significant technical complexity and high investment costs. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology developed to address this important network planning issue.The key focus of this approach is to find alternatives for the current configuration, to analyse them both technical and economically, to compare the alternatives and choose the best solution according to the investment strategy of the Distribution System Operator (DSO). The proposed methodology is validated using the high voltage network of a big city in Portugal.
THE EFFECT OF ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY ON ISOLATED CORAL HEAD RICHNESS AND ABUNDANCE ON MOOREA , FRENCH POLYNESIA

The oceans are an extremely diverse world, home to thousands of species, many of which are yet to be discovered. Shallow tropical coral reefs are one of the most diverse ecosystems in the ocean, and make home to nearly one third of all marine fish despite accounting for less than 1% of the total ocean area. This study examined the factors that influence the diversity and richness of vertebrates and invertebrates found on isolated coral heads at Temae beach on Moorea, French Polynesia. A detailed map was created to understand the layout and location of the 69 coral heads surveyed. I hypothesized that (1) the size of the coral head, (2) the specific species of coral on the head, and (3) that isolation, as in the theory of island biogeography, would influence the richness and abundance found on each coral head island. The study found that the size of the coral head and the number of different coral species on the head played the strongest role in richness and abundance observed. Isolation, in the context of the theory of island biogeography, was found to play a very minor role in the richness and abundance observed. In some cases, the opposite of the theory was observed, with higher richness further from the defined mainland. As global climate change increases, it is important for conservation efforts in tropical reefs to focus on maintaining a high diversity of corals. It is also important not to neglect isolated reefs in favor of large ones, as the isolated reefs may house unique species. Because corals act as the backbone of one of the most complex ecosystems, their health is paramount to the health of the reef ecosystem as a whole.
No suppression of respiratory function of mitochondrial isolated from the hearts of anesthetized rats with high-dose pentobarbital sodium.

Pentobarbital sodium is a widely used anesthetic for animal experiments. We have already reported that a high dose of pentobarbital sodium (100 mg/kg i.p., twice the usual anesthetic dose) depresses myocardial mechanoenergetics in the canine heart. Furthermore, it has been reported that a high concentration of pentobarbital sodium inhibits myocardial contractility and mitochondrial electron transport and energy transfer. Therefore, we were afraid that the mitochondrial respiratory function would be impaired by pentobarbital anesthesia and that pentobarbital sodium would be an inappropriate anesthetic for cardiac mechanoenergetic studies. In this study, we investigated the respiratory function of mitochondria isolated from the hearts of anesthetized rats with high-dose pentobarbital sodium. We examined the mitochondrial respiratory function by the ADP/O ratio, respiratory control index (RCI), oxygen consumption rate in state III (State III O2) by oximetry, and membrane potential using a fluorescent dye, 3,3'-dipropylthiodicarbocyanine iodide (diS-C3-(5). The ADP/O ratio, RCI, and State III O2 values and changes in membrane potential induced by various respiratory substances were not significantly different between the rats with and without anesthesia. These results indicate that the respiratory function is not suppressed in the isolated myocardial mitochondria of rat hearts after high-dose pentobarbital anesthesia, although the pentobarbital sodium blood concentration was of the same order as that which exerts mitochondrial uncoupling in rat isolated mitochondrial preparation. Therefore, pentobarbital sodium anesthesia up to 100 mg/kg i.p. is applicable for mechanoenergetic studies of excised rat hearts, at least from the energetic aspect.
Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events.

BACKGROUND Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel plus low-dose aspirin has not been studied in a broad population of patients at high risk for atherothrombotic events. METHODS We randomly assigned 15,603 patients with either clinically evident cardiovascular disease or multiple risk factors to receive clopidogrel (75 mg per day) plus low-dose aspirin (75 to 162 mg per day) or placebo plus low-dose aspirin and followed them for a median of 28 months. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. RESULTS The rate of the primary efficacy end point was 6.8 percent with clopidogrel plus aspirin and 7.3 percent with placebo plus aspirin (relative risk, 0.93; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.83 to 1.05; P=0.22). The respective rate of the principal secondary efficacy end point, which included hospitalizations for ischemic events, was 16.7 percent and 17.9 percent (relative risk, 0.92; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.995; P=0.04), and the rate of severe bleeding was 1.7 percent and 1.3 percent (relative risk, 1.25; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.61 percent; P=0.09). The rate of the primary end point among patients with multiple risk factors was 6.6 percent with clopidogrel and 5.5 percent with placebo (relative risk, 1.2; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.59; P=0.20) and the rate of death from cardiovascular causes also was higher with clopidogrel (3.9 percent vs. 2.2 percent, P=0.01). In the subgroup with clinically evident atherothrombosis, the rate was 6.9 percent with clopidogrel and 7.9 percent with placebo (relative risk, 0.88; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.77 to 0.998; P=0.046). CONCLUSIONS In this trial, there was a suggestion of benefit with clopidogrel treatment in patients with symptomatic atherothrombosis and a suggestion of harm in patients with multiple risk factors. Overall, clopidogrel plus aspirin was not significantly more effective than aspirin alone in reducing the rate of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00050817.).
A Survey of Contact Lens Complications in Singapore

Objectives: To describe the type of complications related to contact lens wear seen in a hospital setting in Singapore. Methods: Data were collated over a 2-year period from April 1999 to March 2001, from all public hospitals in Singapore. A standardized clinical record form was completed by the attending doctor when a patient presented for contact lens-related complications. Results: Nine hundred and fifty-three contact lens-related complications were recorded. The mean age of presentation was 26.4 years. Women made up the majority n=491 (68%). Most patients were Chinese (555, 77%). Six hundred and seventy-six (93.7%) patients were soft contact lens wearers. Most patients, 585 patients (85.2%) wore their lenses on a daily basis. Two hundred and forty-four cases (25.6%) of infective keratitis were seen, with 55 patients requiring hospital admission for management of the infection. Soft disposable contact lens wear was associated with the majority of the infective keratitis (178, 73%). Epithelial keratitis occurred in 229 patients (24.0%) with punctuate epithelial erosions being the commonest presentation in 139 (14.6%). Allergic conjunctivitis occurred in 179 (18.8%) of the cases with giant papillary conjunctivitis accounting for 147 (15.4%) of them. Dry eyes (77, 8.1%), sterile infiltrates (71, 7.5%) and neovascularization of the cornea (75, 7.9%) were the next commonest complications seen. Corneal edema, solution- and lens-related complications occurred in small numbers, accounting for less than 5% of the complications reported. Conclusion: Infective keratitis secondary to soft lens wear was the most common complication, followed by epithelial keratitis and allergic conjunctivitis seen in public hospitals in Singapore.
Impact of gymnastics program on healthrelated fitness in adolescent pupils

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of gymnastics program in school on health related fitness in adolescent pupils. The study involved 58 adolescent pupils (14.82±0.44 years) attending the first grade at high school involved in a 12 week of gymnastics classes. The variables were selected within the battery of tests Eurofit, measuring abdominal strength, flexibility, aerobic fitness and upper and lower body strength, speed and agility. The results showed average initial level and later dynamic increase in the physical fitness of the participants. Pre-test to post-test values showed significant improvements in all tested variables (p<0.05), except for the 4x10m test. Therefore, participation in gymnastics must be recommended as a positive foundational activity for school-aged children, from early childhood to adulthood. Additionally, the results can provide useful information in optimizing the training loads of pupils involved in gymnastic training throughout Physical Education classes.
Systematic error cancellation for a four-port interferometric polarimeter

Abstract. The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) is an Explorer-class mission concept to measure the gravitational-wave signature of primordial inflation through its distinctive imprint on the linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Its optical system couples a polarizing Fourier transform spectrometer to the sky to measure the differential signal between orthogonal linear polarization states from two co-pointed beams on the sky. The double differential nature of the four-port measurement mitigates beam-related systematic errors common to the two-port systems used in most CMB measurements. Systematic errors coupling unpolarized temperature gradients to a false polarized signal cancel to first order for any individual detector. This common-mode cancellation is performed optically, prior to detection, and does not depend on the instrument calibration. Systematic errors coupling temperature to polarization cancel to second order when comparing signals from independent detectors. We describe the polarized beam patterns for PIXIE and assess the systematic error for measurements of CMB polarization.
A DC Motor Position Control System in a 3D Real-Time Virtual Laboratory Environment Based on NCSLab 3D

Virtual laboratories and remote laboratories have been a great complement of traditional laboratories in the last few decades. Virtual laboratories, which use computer technology to perform experiments utilizing virtual instrumentation instead of physical devices, are warmly welcomed for its low-cost advantage, 24/7 operation, remotely accessibility and sharing features. In this paper, a DC motor control system which can be used to carry out the experiments of position control in real time based on NCSLab framework is presented. After describing the process of 3D modelling, rendering in Flash 3D engine and control algorithms that are generated using Matlab Real-Time Workshop, a position control experiment is conducted and the experimental results are demonstrated as an example. For most virtual control laboratories, users are only allowed to design the algorithms and then monitor the control results. However, wiring process which is also an important part of practical control experiments cannot be emulated. To address this problem, a new experiment modelling method which allows the users to do the wiring in the 3D real-time virtual laboratory is proposed in this paper. It could make users feel more sense of reality and immersion when performing the virtual experiments.
THE BIRATIONAL GEOMETRY OF MODULI SPACES LECTURE NOTES FOR THE CIMPA/TÜBİTAK/GSU SUMMER SCHOOL, ALGEBRAIC GEOMETRY AND NUMBER THEORY, 2–10 JUNE 2014

The purpose of these lecture notes is to introduce the basics of the birational geometry of moduli spaces to students who have taken an introductory course in algebraic geometry. We concentrate on a few key ideas and examples. We define the cones of ample and effective divisors, compute them for a few examples such as the blowup of P at one or two points. Then we discuss the ample and effective cones of the Hilbert scheme of points on P. Finally, in the last section, we give a guide to the literature on other moduli spaces. These are the notes for two lectures that I delivered at the CIMPA/TÜBITAK/GSU Summer School on Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory in Istanbul in 2014.
Is It Is or Is It Ain't My Obligation? Regional Debt in a Fiscal Federation

This article studies the repayment of regional debt in a multiregion economy with a central authority: Who pays the obligation issued by a region? With commitment, the central government will use its economy-wide taxation power in support of its objective to smooth distortionary taxes and consumption across regions. Absent commitment, this tool of the central government may be exploited to induce it to bail out regional government deficits. We characterize the conditions under which bailouts occur and their welfare implications. In particular, we show when the gains from a federation may outweigh the welfare costs of a bailout. We use these insights to comment on actual fiscal relations in three quite different federations: the United States, the European Union, and Argentina
Findings on Literacy Learning Environment and Learning Record Validity, 2001 at Combined Learning Record Sites

1. CLRS students significantly increased their scores from 1999 to 2001. 2. The majority of CLRS students attained grade level proficiency in school year 2001, 64% in reading, 60% in writing. Almost all primary students attained grade level proficiency in school year 2001, 87% in reading, 89% in writing. 3. While the LR and the norm-referenced tests are very different measures of literacy, their scores correlated significantly in both reading and writing. 4. Disaggregation of LR scores by gender, ethnicity, and Title 1 status revealed areas of strengths (gender) and areas that could be improved. 5. CLRS teachers reported that they utilize a wide variety of indicators linked to literacy theory and best practice, especially in regard to writing processes and reading comprehension. 6. CLRS teachers reported that the LR had a positive impact on instruction and learning. 7. Teachers at CLRS scored records consistently, resulting in good interrater reliability correlations between their scores and moderation final scores (r = .76 reading; r = .75 writing).
Stability of Equilibrium in Transportation Systems : A Dynamic Switching System Point of View

Extended Abstract In the last decades, the problem of studying the st ability of equilibrium patterns in transportation systems has attracted the interest of many research ers. In the relevant studies, inter-period assignme nt problems have been modelled as dynamic processes th at can be interpreted as non-linear discrete system s, in which the time discretisation coincides with the le ngth of the periods considered in the assignment pr oblem (see [1] and the references therein). In such studies, the traffic demand is assumed to b e constant, and the stability of the equilibrium is assumed to depend on the parameters characterising the demand and the supply models, such as the cost functions, the uncertainties of the user behaviours , the probability that users take different decisio n in different periods, and so on. Following [1], the above processes can be represent d as = , = h , (1)
Weak form quadrature solution of 2mth-order Fredholm integro-differential equations

A method is proposed for the solution of boundary-value problems of linear and non-linear th-order Fredholm integro-differential equations. A set of algebraic equations are obtained after introduction of Gauss–Lobatto quadrature and the generalized differential quadrature analog into the weak form description of a Fredholm integro-differential equation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the reliability and high computational efficiency of the proposed method.
Does Alcohol Lead to Sexual Risk Behavior? Findings from Event-Level Research

Abstract The belief that alcohol use leads to sexual risk behavior is nearly ubiquitous. To determine if this belief is warranted, we identify theory and research regarding the alcohol, risky-sex link. We focus our review on studies that use the event-level methodology because this approach provides a particularly sensitive but stringent test of the situational alcohol, risky-sex connection. Overall, the data from available event-level studies indicate that people who use condoms when they are sober also tend to use them when drinking; people who fail to use condoms when drinking probably also fail to use them when sober. We recognize several empirical exceptions to this rule and provide suggestions for future research.
EARTHQUAKE TRIGGERED COLLATERAL HAZARDS ON THE TERRITORY OF UZBEKISTAN

The analysis of consequences of strong and destructive earthquakes occurred in Uzbekistan and neighboring countries has show of development of residual deformations on loess soils such as subsidence, landslides and liquefaction. Loess soil covered a big part of the territory of Uzbekistan. Earthquakes of rather moderate intensity can cause a large number of human victims if in the zone of earthquake there are wetted loess soils. Earthquake-trigger influence for landslides in Central Asia was investigated. The main property of loess soil is collapsibility. The paper presented the result of research of the influence of seismic shaking on the development collapse processes.