Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Una revisión actual de las características estructurales e informativas del Buen Gobierno Corporativo en Brasil

This paper covers some concepts about Corporate Governance at international level and also presents the situation in Brazil, showing the standards and rules adopted by the Governance in Brazil, as well as how adherent are the companies regarding these standards and rules. Besides, there is a discussion about the Brazilian Market of Capitals and the initiatives to its development. The paper ends talking about the importance of the financial information regarding the development of both Corporate Governance and Brazilian Market of Values. This study was performed with a qualitative approach using a literature review, in order to be possible extract and identify all the relevant information about the subject under investigation. As a conclusion, it was a perception that although the Corporate Governance area has good initiatives to achieve its evolvement there are aspects to be improved, like that ones related to financial information. Regarding the Market of Values development, the Brazilian government and BOVESPA are looking for a greater participation of the employees and domestic economies. Also, the financial information is very important, because it is the best tool to support the investor to choose where the resources should be invested. The key point is to make the financial information comprehensive for the investors.
The Effect of Extended Trading Hours on the Information Flow between Cash and Futures Markets

On November 20, 1998, the Hong Kong Futures Exchange started opening its markets fifteen minutes earlier than the opening time and closes its markets fifteen minutes later than the closing time of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. In this paper we utilize the Geweke feedback measures to examine the effect of extended trading hours of the Hong Kong index futures on the information flow between futures and cash markets. We find that extending the trading hours leads to a stronger information flow from the cash market to the futures market.
HOW ARE WE DOING?: A SURVEY OF SUPPLY CHAIN PROGRESS

SUBTITLE: THIS YEAR'S SURVEY SHOWS THAT COMPANIES OVERALL ARE MAKING PROGRESS IN ADVANCING THEIR SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITIES. BUT THERE'S STILL A BIG GAP BETWEEN THE LEADERS AND EVERYBODY ELSE. THIS AT ONCE PRESENTS A CHALLENGE AND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THAT LATTER GROUP. THE CHALLENGE: TO APPLY THE PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES TO CLOSE THE GAP. THE OPPORTUNITY: TO START REALIZING THE REAL BUSINESS BENEFITS OF ADVANCED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT.
EASI algorithm based load profile estimation for microgrid

Researches on the control of inverter based microgrid, multi-agent based microgrid, and decentralized control of distributed generation have attracted more and more attention. It is also important to touch the field of load estimation of microgrid because microgrid can operate more efficiently with the knowledge of load under the mode of utility grid connected or islanding mode. Consequently, EASI (Equivariant variant Adaptive Separation via Independence) algorithm has been presented to figure out it, which is one kind of blind source separation methods. Further simulation on IEEE 9 bus system shows that it can accomplish the task of estimating load profile well without the knowledge of network parameters.
Mitochondrial dysfunction early after traumatic brain injury in immature rats

Mitochondria play central roles in acute brain injury; however, little is known about mitochondrial function following traumatic brain injury (TBI) to the immature brain. We hypothesized that TBI would cause mitochondrial dysfunction early (<4 h) after injury. Immature rats underwent controlled cortical impact (CCI) or sham injury to the left cortex, and mitochondria were isolated from both hemispheres at 1 and 4 h after TBI. Rates of phosphorylating (State 3) and resting (State 4) respiration were measured with and without bovine serum albumin. The respiratory control ratio was calculated (State 3/State 4). Rates of mitochondrial H2O2 production, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enzyme activity, and cytochrome c content were measured. Mitochondrial State 4 rates (ipsilateral/contralateral ratios) were higher after TBI at 1 h, which was reversed with bovine serum albumin. Four hours after TBI, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and cytochrome c content (ipsilateral/contralateral ratios) were lower in TBI mitochondria. These data demonstrate abnormal mitochondrial function early (≤4 h) after TBI in the developing brain. Future studies directed at reversing mitochondrial abnormalities could guide neuroprotective interventions after pediatric TBI.
Employee Training and Its Effect on Employees’ Job Motivation and Commitment: Developing and Proposing a Conceptual Model

In this competitive and rapidly changing era, most of the business organizations are highly concerned to provide their employees with training throughout their careers so that they will remain enough motivated and focused to their work. But the success of any training program depends on effective construction of its pre-defined schedule or model. The training model must be constructed on the basis of particular training needs and consisted of all relevant and important steps which are to be followed by training sessions. Wrong development of model and missing of any important step can leads towards ineffective and useless consequences. This article is based on the analysis of eight training models. The purpose of reviewing these models is to discuss the similarities, differences and lacking steps among these models so that researchers could make another new effective training model by including these missing steps. After in depth analysis of these models, researchers have proposed a more comprehensive training model for corporate world to overcome the missing. This is a simple but detailed model which, if implemented properly could contribute a lot towards enhancing both the employees’ performance and effectiveness of the organization as a whole.
Why D-neuron? Importance in schizophrenia research

Recent pharmacological discovery on trace amine-associated receptor, type 1(TAAR1) has emphasized importance of trace amines in pathogenesis of psychoses, such as schizophrenia. TAAR1 has many ligands, including tyramine, β-phenylethylamine (PEA), amphetamines, and 3’-iodothyronamine. So-called D-neurons are putative producer of trace amines, endogenous ligands of TAAR1. The D-neuron is defined “the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)-containing neuron, but not dopaminergic nor serotonergic”, i.e. not containing tyrosine hydroxylase nor tryptophan hydroxylase. AADC is an enzyme, also called dopa decarboxylase (DDC). The localization of D-neurons in the central nervous system has been specified into 15 groups, from the spinal cord (D1) to striatum (D15). We showed the decrease of D-neurons in D15 in postmortem brains of schizophrenia, where midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are heavily innervated. Decrease of D-neurons may cause reduction of trace amines in the striatum, and may also decrease stimulation of TAAR1 on striatal terminals of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons. This might increase firing frequency of VTA DA neurons, and causes DA hyperactivity in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. In the present article, the author introduces the novel theory, “D-cell hypothesis”, for mesolimbic DA hyperactivity of schizophrenia. Some clinical and/or experimental evidences that support this hypothesis are mentioned. The D-neuron, as a trace amine producer, is a clue for elucidating pathogenesis of psychoses, as well as human mental functions. Thus, signal transduction of D-neurons should be investigated.
Mating strategies of young women: Role of physical attractiveness

The female physical attractiveness stereotype has been reported to contain both desirable (sociable, poised, interesting) and undesirable (snobbish, likely to request divorce and have extra‐marital affairs) personal qualities. To investigate whether such an attractiveness stereotype is cross‐cultural, I asked men and women from Azore Island, Guinea‐Bissau, Indonesia, and the U.S. to judge the attractiveness of female figures differing in body weight and waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR) and to rank these figures according to perceived personal attributes. There was a strong cross‐cultural consensus for attractiveness; figures with low WHR were judged to be more attractive than figures with high WHR within each weight category. Participants also judged attractive figures as less faithful than less‐attractive figures. To explore the basis of a possible “darker side” of the attractiveness stereotype, behavior tactics of young U.S. women were examined. Compared to women with high WHRs, low‐WHR women reported engaging in more flirting to make dates jealous, suggesting some truth to the attractiveness stereotype. Taken together, these findings suggest that female attractiveness influences the type of mating strategies employed by women.
A new modular multilevel converter topology with reduced number of power electronic components

In this paper a new modular multilevel converter topology is proposed. One basic module for the proposed topology is developed. To generate output voltages of both the polarity one H-bridge is used at the output. This topology significantly reduces number of power electronics components, dc voltage sources and driver circuits used. Here algorithm for both symmetric and asymmetric source configuration is shown. Comparison of the proposed topology with conventional and some new topologies are also presented here. The performance and purposeful exactness of the proposed topology are confirmed by simulation of a 15-level multilevel inverter based on the proposed topology using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
The Disruptor’s Dilemma: TiVo and the U.S. Television Ecosystem

Research summary: Firms introducing disruptive innovations into multisided ecosystems confront the disruptor's dilemma: gaining the support of the very incumbents they disrupt. Through a longitudinal study of TiVo, a company that pioneered the Digital Video Recorder, we examine how these firms may address this dilemma. Our analysis reveals how TiVo navigated coopetitive tensions by continually adjusting its strategy, its technology platform, and its relational positioning within the evolving U.S. television industry ecosystem. We theorize how (1) disruption may affect not just specific incumbents, but also the entire ecosystem; (2) coopetition is not just dyadic, but also multilateral and intertemporal, and (3) strategy is both a deliberative and emergent process involving continual adjustments, as the disruptor attempts to balance coopetitive tensions over time. Managerial summary: New entrants confront a dilemma when they introduce a disruptive innovation into an existing business ecosystem, viz., how can they gain the support of the incumbents that their innovation disrupts? Confronting this “disruptor's dilemma”, the disruptor must consider several issues: How might it pitch its innovation to attract end customers and yet reduce the threat of disruption perceived by ecosystem incumbents? How can the innovation be modified to fit into legacy systems while transforming them? Based on an in-depth analysis of TiVo and its entrepreneurial journey, we explore the strategies disruptors can deploy to address these issues. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mutual fund performance : evidence of stock selection and market timing ability from Islamic mutual funds

The main objective of this thesis is to provide a detailed analysis of the performance of mutual funds with particular focus on Islamic funds. Studies that review the performance of Islamic funds are rare although there has been a significant growth in the number and assets in recent years. The average annual growth in the number of Islamic funds amounted to 18% and the average annual growth in total assets of such funds came to 42% between the year 2005 and 2006 according to Failaka International. In this thesis we use four stock selection models and three market timing models to evaluate the performance on a sample of Islamic mutual funds over the period 2000 and 2006 using weekly returns. Overall, the results from the performance study of Islamic mutual funds indicate that there is underperformance in terms of stock selection ability. Thus, there is a lack of market timing ability. In consequence, we test for robustness in market timing results by adopting a conditional market timing model similar to Prather and Middleton (2006) and Cuthbertson, Nitzsche, and O'Sullivan (2006). However, we arrive at negative conditional market timing results. Moreover, we test for evidence of performance persistence for Islamic mutual funds and the results suggest that there is evidence of negative performance persistence.
Exact analytical model of the classical Weibel instability in a relativistic anisotropic plasma.

Detailed properties of the Weibel instability in a relativistic unmagnetized plasma are investigated for a particular choice of anisotropic distribution function F(p/sub perpendicular//sup 2/,p/sub z/) that permits an exact analytical solution to the dispersion relation for arbitrary energy anisotropy. The particular equilibrium-distribution function considered in the present analysis assumes that all particles move on a surface with perpendicular momentum p/sub perpendicular/ = p-circumflex/sub perpendicular/ = const and are uniformly distributed in parallel momentum from p/sub z/ = -p-circumflex/sub z/ = const to p/sub z/ = +p-circumflex/sub z/ = const. (Here, the propagation direction is the z direction.) The resulting dispersion relation is solved analytically, and detailed stability properties are determined for a wide range of energy anisotropy.
Country commitment to development projects

Although the commitment of the Borrower to implementation is widely recognized as one of the key factors affecting project performance, the Bank has developed no systematic approach to analyzing the question of commitment. The paper is a first attempt to review the concept of country commitment and to discuss ways of assessing, building and sustaining commitment, in the context of Bank project design and implementation. The paper suggests a practical approach to assessing commitment, centering on the identification of key Borrower actors who have the power to influence program outcomes, and analysis of the way in which informal incentives and pressures may motivate them in directions other than the official project or program goals. With regard to influencing commitment, the paper notes that there is a spectrum of possibilities, ranging from adopting project designs which fit the existing pattern of commitment; to building commitment through education and persuasion; to seeking changes in organizational structures and processes which will give those who are committed greater influence over those who are not; to the use of financial leverage.
Q FEVER IN A QUEENSLAND MEATWORKS

An epidemiological study of Q fever infection in a Brisbane meatworks was undertaken. A retrospective 10‐year study (1968 to 1977) revealed an average annual incidence of 1% for the nine years excluding 1969, while an outbreak with a 7.9% incidence occurred in 1969. No seasonal distribution was found. Results indicated that cattle form the major source of Coxiella burneti (infectious agent of Q fever) in the meatworks and that the highest risk of infection exists on the cattle slaughter floor. The 1969 outbreak showed a departure from the average pattern of infection in that the highest incidences were recorded in small stock (sheep and swine) workers and non‐meat handlers rather than in cattle slaughtermen. This suggested the importance of sheep and/or swine forming a source of the infection. Investigations into the factors contributing to the 1969 outbreak in this meatworks failed to reveal any conclusive data. Inhalation of infectious dust and aerosols proved to be the major channel of transmission of infection ratherthan direct inoculation. A serological survey of 139 employees revealed 15.8% prevalence of complement‐fixing antibodies to C. burneti, 0% to brucellosis, 0.7% to leptospirosis, and 0.7% to Toxoplasma gondii. Of those with positive titres for Q fever, nine of the 22 subjects did not recall any clinical illness.
Superoxide generation by the electrogenic NADPH oxidase of human neutrophils is limited by the movement of a compensating charge.

The ability of the NADPH oxidase of human neutrophil-derived cytoplasts to generate O2. -anions on the addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is severely reduced in the presence of valinomycin and Zn2+ ions. The addition of NH4Cl or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (K+ medium only) to these cytoplasts results in a restoration of O2. - generation. At an elevated pHo CCCP restores a greater rate of O2. - generation. Increasing the concentration of Zn2+ ions reduces the extent of the generation of O2. - on the addition of PMA. The restoration of O2. - generation by NH4Cl or CCCP requires the presence of valinomycin. The restoration of O2. - generation appears to be dependent on the movement of NH4+ ions or the anionic form of the uncoupler across the plasma membrane. The activity of the electrogenic NADPH oxidase of cytoplasts is limited by the movement of an ion to act as a compensator. The NADPH oxidase therefore exhibits respiratory control.
Space, Government Payments, and Off-Farm Labor Response of Principal Farm Operators: A County-Level Analysis

We examine the effects of space and government payments on off-farm employment among principal farm operators for the entire US as well as for ERS/USDA farm resource regions. Spatial dependency in off-farm employment of principal farm operators in the U.S. overall is evident; however, this is not the case for all farm resource regions. While the effects of government payments overall are significant for the U.S., important variations exist by farm program type and across ERS/USDA regions.
The Corporate Social Performance-Financial Performance Link: Evidence from France

This paper was prepared and accepted for the 2002 AFFI International Conference. Recent scholarship in financial and strategic management suggests that there is a positive, neutral, or negative relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance. Using a new source of data on corporate social performance, this paper reports first results for France. Corporate social performance is found to have no relationship with financial performance. This study also confirms the necessity to control models for investment in research and development.
An Alternative to Current Analyses of Suicidal Behavior

An alternative to current analyses of suicidal behavior is discussed: suicidal acts should be assessed within a broader framework of coping styles and stress situations occurring over a period of time. One of the major implications for research is that suicidal acts will not be seen as unique, isolated events but instead can be understood within the larger context of related psychological knowledge.
A new locus for hemiplegic migraine maps to chromosome 1q31

A single familial hemiplegic migraine locus has been previously mapped to 19p13.1 and associated with mutations in a calcium channel gene (CACNL1A4). We describe a new 39-member four-generation family from Wyoming of German-Native American descent with autosomal dominant familial hemiplegic migraine that is not linked to the chromosome 19p locus. Affected individuals showed a stereotypic pattern of migrainous headache associated with hemisensory and hemiparetic attacks, without other headache types. Eighty-three percent reported minor head trauma as a trigger for individual attacks. Seventy-two percent reported other typical migraine triggers for the attacks. Attack frequency decreased with age and the overall course was benign. Genetic linkage studies of this family found strong evidence for the disease gene in this family being located at chromosome 1q31. Multipoint analysis showed lod scores >3 in a 44-cm region flanked by D1S158 and D1S2781, using 80% penetrance and a phenocopy rate of 1/50. Haplotype and multipoint analysis, including flanking markers, suggested incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity of the disease. A single affected patient who reports atypical symptoms including daily headaches likely represents a phenocopy. This new locus for hemiplegic migraine suggests that mutations of additional calcium channels in the region may cause the disease.
The incorporation of user needs in telecom product design

firm supplying telecommunications equipment. It is part of a larger project in which we also observed the design of a telecom service by a network of telecommunications service supply firms, and several projects in a consumer organisation which evaluates telecom and other electronic products and services. Our approach was to observe these projects as they were unfolding. The rationale for studying ongoing design work was to observe the process by which design decisions were made, while various options were being considered, and before each decision had become, in the minds of those concerned, justified as the ‘best’ and possibly only option to choose. A design often becomes the preferred option as it is adopted, commitments are made to it, rationalisation takes place, support is enlisted and interests become bound up with the choice that has been made. One of our objectives was to use our observations to contribute to the understanding of the management of the design process. The organisation sponsoring the research was the Design Council, whose own objective is the promotion of effective design in manufacturing and service industry. The other objective was to contribute to the body of academic work currently being undertaken, in Manchester and elsewhere, which seeks to analyse design and innovation activities within an interdisciplinary framework of the social sciences, exploring the potential for rapprochement among technology management, sociology of innovation, economics of technological change, anthropology and other disciplines.
RseA, the SigE specific anti‐sigma factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is inactivated by phosphorylation‐dependent ClpC1P2 proteolysis

Central to the response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to environmental stress is the regulation of genes under the control of alternative sigma factors. Sigma E of M. tuberculosis plays an important role in the intracellular life of the bacterium and regulates several genes which are important for maintaining the integrity of the cell envelope stress. This makes it important to understand how SigE is activated under stress. Here we elucidate the mechanisms regulating interaction of SigE with its cognate anti‐sigma factor RseA. Cysteines 70 and 73 are required for redox‐dependent interaction of RseA with SigE. Under surface stress, PknB‐dependent phosphorylation of RseA on T39 is required for its cleavage by ClpC1P2 thereby activating the SigE regulon. Rv2745c (MSMEG_2694), a transcriptional regulator, activates the clp regulon in response to vancomycin‐induced stress. Taken together with the previous report that Rv2745c is activated by SigE, our study uncovers a positive feedback loop that activates the sigE regulon under envelope stress.