Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of life among adult Saudi women with urinary incontinence in Riyadh, KSA

Aim: Urinary incontinence is not life-threatening but it can have a profound effect on HRQoL quality of life comparable to diabetes, AIDS, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. It has a substantial impact on women’s social, physical and psychological well-being such as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of UI and its types on the quality of life of adult Saudi women in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey. 340 women aged 18 years and older, agreed to participate in the study, were selected who attended the primary health care centers affiliated to the ministry of health, Riyadh, KSA. the Arabic version of the Kings health questionnaire was utilized to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of patients with UI. Results: Out of 340 women recruited, 145 (42.6%) were diagnosed as having UI. Their age ranged between 18-72 year old with a mean 36±12.46 years. in this study UUI was of highest significance, followed by SUI and then MUI. The negative UI impact was most apparent on the physical activities, where 16.2% of the patients expressed that they were slightly or moderately affected. Conclusions: Forty-two percent of the women in Riyadh suffered from urinary incontinence. It can adversely impair their HRQL. Most of the women did not seek medical care. In the recent years, researchers have shifted to other questions regarding investigating more in-depth domains to understand UI, and if they have an impact on quality of life, and if there is, what would the impact be.
Robust Locomotion Navigation in Partially Observable Environments with Safety Guarantees

—This study is working towards an integrated task and motion planning method for dynamic locomotion in partially observable environments with safety guarantees. This planning framework is composed of a symbolic task planner and a reduced-order-model-based motion planner, which are connected by a mid-level keyframe decision-maker as seen in Fig. 2. The mid-level keyframe decision maker generates a keyframe plan via reachability analysis and proposes a robust keyframe policy, which is used to generate low-level phase-space trajectories. The high-level task planner employs a linear temporal logic approach for a reactive game synthesis between the robot and its environment while incorporating the robust keyframe transition policies into the formal task speciﬁcation design. A belief abstraction method in the task planner enables belief estimation of dynamic obstacle locations and guarantees safe locomotion with collision avoidance.
A Comparison between Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) and Conventional General Anesthesia in Day Case Surgical Procedures

Section of Anesthesia, Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, Baghdad University. nausea and vomiting. (3) The use of continuous infusion techniques has considerable practical advantages, including minimal cardiovascular depression, rapid recovery and the avoidance of hazards of exposure to inhalational agents. (4) The development of TIVA and present interest in it, owes much to a number of important studies. (5)
Price Discrimination and Consumer Retention: The Case of e-Coupons

Platforms in two-sided markets can connect market participants in a way that increases producer or consumer surplus while extracting some of the surplus themselves. This paper focuses on a recent, rather controversial type of such platforms: daily-deal websites. In theory these sites can increase firm profits by providing a platform for product promotion and a tool for price discrimination. In practice many firms are reluctant to use such services because they may take too large a share of the revenue, and because firms have little control over which consumers use the coupons. We estimate both the short and the longer run impacts of e-coupon promotions on demand for restaurants. The short run effect is the impact of the price discount, while the long run effect is a preference shift after the e-coupon has expired. We use these estimates to compare the relative benefits to consumers, firms, and the platform. We find that offering an e-coupon increases demand both during and after the deal, but that the effect on the restaurant’s profits depends on the type of restaurant. On average, e-coupons increase welfare.
Stream use and population characteristics of the endangered salamander, Ambystoma altamirani, from the Arroyo Los Axolotes, State of Mexico, Mexico

Abstract We report on the natural history of Ambystoma altamirani from the Arroyo Los Axolotes, State of Mexico. Ambystoma altamirani used stream sites that hold a greater volume of water, higher dissolved oxygen levels, and faster moving water compared with those without A. altamirani. They used sites with grassy vegetation, and mud and sandy substrate. Males were larger than females. We observed three egg masses in June 2015 (mean = 21 eggs). Metamorphosis occurred between 62 and 70 mm snout–vent length. Our results indicate that Arroyo Los Axolotes must be managed to maintain conditions and water flow amenable to the persistence of A. altamirani.
Thermal environment effect of urban water landscape

Rapid urban expansion has profoundly impacted on urban biodiversity,ecosystem functions,regional climate change,and the quality of life.One of the ecological consequences of urban expansion is the Urban Heat Island(UHI) phenomenon,which is formed when higher atmospheric and surface temperatures in urbanized areas are observed over the surrounding rural area.Urban thermal environment problems caused by UHI have some further impacts on energy consumption,human health and urban sustainable development.As a synthesis representation of urban environment effect,UHI is jointly determined by the physical properties of land surface and heat release by related socioeconomic activities.Within the urbanized area there are diverse landscape types,such as urban building landscape,road landscape,green space,water body,and so on.Among various urban landscape types,the thermal environment effect of water landscape is quite different.It is important to study how the water body might influence the urban thermal environment.The SPOT 5 and Landsat 7 ETM+ images are applied to derive the spatial pattern of urban water landscape and land surface temperature in Shanghai,and spatial analysis technique will be used to explore the thermal environment effect of water landscape.An intense urban heat island effect is identified in Shanghai City,with its center located on the west bank of Huangpu River.At the same time,a cold island effect is detected for the water landscape patches and corridors.Statistical significance is not found between area and perimeter of water patches(or river corridors) and their impact on local thermal environment.However,the water patch has a stronger thermal environment effect than the river corridor.The impact of water patch decreases as the distance to UHI center increases.For instance,the temperature of water patch in Luxun Park(the closest to the UHI center among all water patches) is 3.65℃ lower than the average temperature of its surrounding region,with only 2.60℃ lower than the average temperature of the region where Century Park is located,which is much further to the UHI center.Besides the distance to the UHI center,the impact of water patch on nearby area is also determined by the land surface composition.For instance,the surrounding area with more vegetation has a lower temperature than the area with more impervious surface.River corridors also influence the local thermal environment.Huangpu River,Suzhou River,Yunzao River and Chuanyang River are compared based on a buffering method,with the river width and the location of the river corridor as the two key factors on the local thermal environment.Flowing through UHI center and with the largest river width,Huangpu River has much higher impact on the thermal environment of the surrounding areas.The findings in this study are helpful to provide some effective policy implications for urban planning and design.
Factor Analysis by Attractor Neural Network Summary of Ph.D. Thesis

Methods for the discovery of hidden structures of high-dimensional binary data are one of the most important challenges facing the community of machine learning researchers at present. There are many approaches in the literature that try to solve this hitherto rather ill-deﬁned task. The Boolean factor analysis (BFA) studied in this work represents hidden structure of binary data as Boolean superposition of binary factors complied with BFA generative model of signals, and the criterion of optimality of BFA solution is given. In these terms, the BFA is well-deﬁned task completely analogous to linear factor analysis. The main contributions of the dissertation thesis are as follows: Firstly developed was the efﬁcient BFA method based on original attractor neural network with increasing activity (ANNIA), which is subsequently improved by combination with expectation-maximization method. Secondly the analysis of characteristics of the ANNIA that are important for method functioning were performed. Then functioning of both methods was validated on artiﬁcially generated datasets. Next the application of method to real-world data from different areas of science was carried out to demonstrate their contribution to this type of analysis. Lastly the comparison of the BFA methods with related methods was done including applicability analysis.
Instrumented Fugl-Meyer to assess upper limb motor impairment and recovery after stroke : reliability and association with clinical scores

Stroke is one of the most common disease and the impairment in the world and its effects compromise daily living activities and quality of life. Clinicians assign score to pre-defined movements of the subjects according the use of standard clinical scales. The evaluation is less sensitive and less accurate due to clinician’s judgment. The present study aimed to qualify and quantify motor movements of upper limb proposed to stroke subjects from a clinical scale, the most used in the rehabilitation after stroke, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE). Human movement analysis starts with the methods of mechanics used on human body to retrieve information about spatio-temporal parameters. Indeed, biomechanics is based on biomechanical model defined by segments position and joints position in which kinematic variables are expressed. Twelve exercise of FMA were analyzed and ten healthy subjects participated to the experiment. Inertial measurement unit and electromyography sensors were used to automate this clinical scale. Data analysis on kinematics retrieved quantitative and qualitative parameters to assessment the movement. The analysis on EMG data were focus on the extraction on muscle synergies to retrieve muscle activation patterns. The results provided a potential approach to the quantitative rehabilitation and a support medium to physicians’ clinical decision about motor conditions of patients.
Identification of Typical Quality Control Issues in Distributed PV Power Measurements

Distributed PV power output measurements and their metadata are subject to significant errors and uncertainty. However, no standard mechanism for quality controlling these data is currently available within the literature. For this purpose, we present a two part approach to parameterize PV system metadata and quality control their power output measurements. These methods are based on open-source solver routines and require only one exogenous input (ambient temperature) besides the power output measurements, and therefore are widely applicable. The central routine, entitled QCPV, imposes physical limits on the measured data through the use of the extraterrestrial radiation and the clear sky index for photovoltaics Kpv. It also enables detection of cloud enhancement events and spurious power output reporting through the application of "across-systems" statistics. The method allows for PV array orientation to be determined to within ∼ 4◦, and has found most erroneous data to be located at elevated Kpv values, at increased zenith angles and also for values near zero.
Contemplating the Energetic Consequences of Bovine Mastitis

Mastitis is a common and expensive disease in the dairy industry that significantly reduces the quality and quantity of milk produced by the dairy cow. The reduction in the amount of milk produced is resultant of a multitude of factors, but the purpose of this article is to reflect upon how the activated immune system may consume specific substrates necessary for milk synthesis. The 3 key immune cells implicated in mastitis, the neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte, have marked demands for substrates to carry out their immune related functions. For instance, both the neutrophil and macrophage phagocytose bacteria and kill the bacteria by the generation of reactive oxygen species. Generation of these reactive oxygen species is a largely glycolytic process. Additionally, amino acids are used by some lymphocytes for the synthesis and production of antibodies. Uniquely, in the instance of mastitis, these active immune cells are specially located in direct competition with the secretory mammary cells, which would compete for the substrates that would be used for milk synthesis.
Lack of Correlation Between Natriuretic Activity and Inhibition of Renal Na-K-Activated ATPase.∗

Summary Ethacrynic acid, which is a potent natriuretic in man and dog but inactive in the rat, and furosemide, which is a potent natriuretic in man and dog as well as in the rat, were compared for their ability to inhibit microsomal Na-K-activated ATPase following in vivo administration in the rat. Both agents were found to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. Furosemide produced a significant natriuretic response whereas ethacrynic acid did not. Therefore, no correlation between natriuretic activity and enzyme inhibition could be made with these agents. This study does not rule out a correlation between Na-K-activated ATPase and natriuretic activity but it does question the practice of determining Na-K-activated ATPase in vitro and attempting to relate this to responses in vivo.
Decision-Making Analysis Based on Fuzzy Graph Structures

A graph structure is a useful framework to solve the combinatorial problems in various fields of computational intelligence systems and computer science. In this research article, the concept of fuzzy sets is applied to the graph structure to define certain notions of fuzzy graph structures. Fuzzy graph structures can be very useful in the study of various structures, including fuzzy graphs, signed graphs, and the graphs having labeled or colored edges. The notions of the fuzzy graph structure, lexicographic-max product, and degree and total degree of a vertex in the lexicographic-max product are introduced. Further, the proposed concepts are explained through several numerical examples. In particular, applications of the fuzzy graph structures in decision-making process, regarding detection of marine crimes and detection of the road crimes, are presented. Finally, the general procedure of these applications is described by an algorithm.
Interactive comment on “The Role of Contact Angle and Pore Width on Pore Condensation and Freezing” by Robert O. David et al

David et al. present ice nucleation measurements with well-characterized porous silica particles to investigate the efficiency of the pore condensation and freezing (PCF) ice formation pathway as a function of the particles’ pore diameter, contact angle, and surface functionalization. The reported ice nucleation behavior is generally in agreement with that predicted by the inverse Kelvin equation, which is the starting point to theoretically describe the PCF mechanism. In some cases, further considerations, like limited growth time of ice crystals in the ZINC CFDC and pressuredependent homogeneous ice nucleation rates, were taken into account to fully explain the experimental observations. It therefore remains challenging to derive a general parameterization of the PCF mechanism for e.g. ambient dust particles, but the experiments presented in this manuscript with the synthesized particles are an important step to understand which factors control the ice nucleation behavior of porous particles. A particular strength of the study is the comprehensive characterization of the particles with a number of different techniques as presented in Sect. 3.1. The manuscript itself is well-structured and in most parts clearly written. Reading the discussion of the ice nucleation measurements, however, was sometimes a bit challenging due to the variety of explanations taken into account to reconcile the findings with theory. I suggest below a couple of points which would need further clarifications, but otherwise recommend the publication of this article in ACP.
Vitamin Supplementation for Lactating Dairy Cows: Industry Perspective

In the current 2001 7th revised Dairy NRC, supplemental vitamin requirements for lactating dairy cows are listed for vitamin A, Vitamin D, and Vitamin E (75,000; 20,000; and 545 IU per head per day, respectively). In addition, production responses to 20 mg supplemental biotin and 50 grams of rumenprotected choline were discussed in detail. Since that time, most research advances have been made in transition cows, with vitamin requirements for lactating cows in “set it and forget it” mode, especially with cows entering the lactation in good health status. However, supply disruptions in late 2017/early 2018 brought vitamin discussions and supplementation strategies to the forefront. Technological advances include: herd status auditing, new product forms, and new understanding of modes of action beyond classical deficiency signs.
Design of Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Temperature Compensation

In this paper an operational transconductance amplifier [1] with temperature compensation is presented. It is a voltagecontrolled current source, which operates in an open loop configuration with a single output connected to a resistive load. The amplifier is internally compensated to keep the gain stable over the -40 °C to 125 °C temperature range. It features low input voltage noise and operates at supply voltages from 3 V to 5.5 V. Additionally, an internal 1.21 V bandgap reference is used to ensure a stable internal voltage reference point. The active area of the proposed integrated circuit designed with 0.18 μm Bipolar, CMOS, DMOS (BCD) technology is 750 μm x 260 μm. It consumes 423 μA of current and it has 8.87 nV/SHz of input noise at 500 kHz. The resulting simulated voltage gain is 40 dB and variations are less than ±0.3 dB over the temperature range of -40 °C to 125 °C.
Evaluation of dielectric based probes for expansive soils: application to Regina clay

Much experience has been gained with the use of the dielectric methods in granular or finegrained soil with low to medium plasticity. Topp et al. (1980) proposed an empirical equation to describe the relationship between water content and measured bulk dielectric constant of soils. However, the proposed empirical equation is generally not considered applicable for highly plastic, expansive soils due to factors such as bound water and high electric conductivity. This paper presents calibration equations for various commercially-available dielectric based probes. The calibration curves have been determined through laboratory calibration using compacted specimens. The differences between the calibration curves and those proposed by Topp et al. (1980), as well as those provided by the manufacturer, are assessed and discussed. The effect of temperature on the response of the probes was also studied.
Pandemic shocks and fiscal-monetary policies in the Eurozone: COVID-19 dominance during January–June 2020

Abstract We compare the importance of market factors against that of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) dynamics and policy responses in explaining Eurozone sovereign spreads. First, we estimate a multifactor model for changes in credit default swap (CDS) spreads over 2014 to June 2019. Then, we apply a synthetic control-type procedure to extrapolate model-implied changes in CDS. The factor model does very well over the rest of 2019 but breaks down during the pandemic, especially during March 2020. We find that the March 2020 divergence is well accounted for by COVID-specific risks and associated policies, mortality outcomes, and policy announcements, rather than traditional determinants. Daily CDS widening ceased almost immediately after the European Central Bank announced the Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme, but the divergence between actual and model-implied changes persisted. This points to COVID-19 Dominance—widening spreads during the pandemic has led to unconventional monetary policies that primarily aim to mitigate short-run fears, temporarily pushing away concerns over fiscal risk.
INFLUENCE OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOLS ON FERTILITY PLASMA PROGESTERONE AND BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN KANKREJ COWS

The study was aimed to know the influence of different estrus synchronization protocols on plasma progesterone profile, certain biochemical constituents and fertility in 30 postpartum anoestrus Kankrej cows. The study included use of Ovsynch, CIDR, Ovsynch plus CIDR and Heatsynch protocols on 24 anoestrus cows (6 in each group) with blood sampling on day 0, 7, 9/11(AI) and on day 20 post-AI. One group each of 6 anoestrus and 6 normal cyclic cows was kept as untreated control and normal fertile control. There was 100 per cent estrus induction response in all the treatment protocols. These animals were bred by fixed-time AI. Pregnancy was confirmed per rectum on day 60 post-AI. The conception rates at induced estrus in Ovsynch, CIDR, Ovsynch + CIDR and Heatsynch protocol were 33.33, 66.66, 50.00 and 16.67 per cent, respectively, as against 50.00 percent in normal cyclic group, while none of the anoestrus control animals expressed estrus till 32 days of follow-up period. The mean plasma progesterone concentrations were significantly higher on day 7 (5.727±1.26, 4.37± 0.66, 3.55±0.34 and 5.92±1.11 ng/ml, respectively) as compared to the corresponding values on day 0, 9/11 (AI) and on day 20 post-AI in all the 4 protocols. The overall mean plasma progesterone levels on the day of initiating treatment were low in all groups, rose following treatment and dropped to basal level on the day of induced estrus (AI) and again rose significantly by day 20 post-AI in conceived as compared to non-conceived cows. Biochemical investigations revealed that plasma total protein, total cholesterol, calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels were within normal physiological limits with overall means of 5.93±0.09 g/dl, 162.69±3.56 mg/dl, 9.76±0.12 mg/dl and 5.11±0.14 mg/dl, respectively. Their levels neither varied significantly between sampling days of different protocols nor between protocols on any of the days/periods studied. The results showed that neither the reproductive status (cyclic/anoestrus) nor estrus synchronization protocols influenced the blood biochemical constituents studied, though they had significant effect on plasma progesterone profile and fertility of animals.