Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
History, Sedimentology, and Taphonomy of the Carnegie Quarry, Dinosaur National Monument, Utah

ABSTRACT The taphonomy of Dinosaur National Monument is presented based in part on the extensive archival material of Earl Douglass. This material includes unpublished manuscripts, diaries, notes, photographs, and quarry maps, and is supplemented with the petrography of matrix still encasing the original collections, as well as numerous site visits. A new quarry map is presented based on the original Douglass map, historical photographs, and a photo-mosaic of the current quarry face made by the author. Three-dimensionally preserved sand bars (>1.5 m tall), bone distribution and orientation, and generally poorly sorted, conglomeratic, multi-storied, trough-cross bedded sandstones indicate repeated episodes (3–4) of flashy, rapid deposition in a Platte River-like braided system (named the Quarry River) flowing south-southeast. Modeling of the Quarry River using a one-dimensional computer program (HEC-RAS 4.1.0) on a Platte River-like river under a variety of flow conditions revealed possible flow velocities for the Quarry River, as well as the effects on flow of bones on the riverbed. These results are compared against the velocities required to move bone based on various boulder transport equations developed for paleofloods. The forces needed to move weighted casts of bone across a subaqueous sand substrate were determined using a strain gauge. Casts were also used to map turbulent flow around bones to better understand sediment deposition leading to bone burial. Several lines of evidence, including the varying degrees of skeletal disarticulation, strongly suggest non-catastrophic mass mortality during extreme droughts. Due to the lack of sweat glands, most dinosaurs were probably water dependent, thus restricting distance traveled for foraging. To avoid thermal stress, individuals sought refuge in the river and death was primarily by malnutrition and secondarily by disease. Opisthotonous induced by sickness in an ostrich suggests a similar cause in some of the dinosaurs. Postmortem damage to bone by insects is rare and is shown to be due to some unknown osteophagic insect, but not dermestids.
Isolation, characterization and cross‐species amplification of eight microsatellite DNA loci in the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria)

Eight polymorphic di- and trinucleotide microsatellite loci suitable for population genetic analysis were developed in Locusta migratoria from a partial phagemid genomic library enriched for microsatellite inserts. The expected heterozygosity at these loci ranges from 0.45 to 0.97, with the observed allele numbers varying between nine and 45. The overall microsatellite cloning efficiency in L. migratoria is 14%, suggesting that in migratory locusts, microsatellite sequences are abundant and should provide a valuable and easily accessible source of nuclear markers for genetic studies. These microsatellite loci were highly Locusta -specific, with only very limited cross-species applicability.
ON THE GOLGI-DERIVED VESICLES IN THE RABBIT TASTE BUD CELLS: AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND RELATED CYTOCHEMISTRY

Vesicles originated in the Golgi complex are found in the supranuclear areas of the taste bud cells in various concentrations, and they aggregate in a considerable number just beneath the apical surface membrane of the differentiating cells where microvilli are destined to form. This evidence adds further weights to a hypothesis that specialization of the cell surface arises partly by a mediation of the Golgi-derived vesicles. In addition, the present cytochemistry also indicates that these Golgiderived vesicles are preformed units of the plasma membrane which carry surface coat material assembled in the Golgi complex to the apical surface membrane.
Potato Response to Legume and Fertilizer Nitrogen Sources

Production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in rotation with an N 2 -fixing legume requires better information on the N contribution from the legume and on management of N-fertilizer following a legume. Objectives of this research were to : (i) quantify N accumulation by legumes grown as either green manure or hay; and (ii) evaluate the vine and tuber yield response of a subsequent potato crop to legume and fertilizer N. We established rotations at two Michigan locations in 1987 on McBride sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid Alfic Fragiothods) and Oshtemo sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic hapludalfs) (.)
FATTY ACIDS AND ESTERS PRODUCED DURING THE SPONTANEOUS FERMENTATION OF LAMBIC AND GUEUZE

Lambic and gueuze are Belgian beers obtained by spontaneous fermentation of wort. During previous studies it was found that they result from the successive development of enterobacteria, Kloeckera and Saccharomyces yeasts, bacteria of the genus Pediococcus, and Brettanomyces yeasts. The beers are characterized by high concentrations of acetic and lactic acid, ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate. This study of the content of the higher fatty acids during a 20 month fermentation period confirms the succession of the different micro-organisms. Pure cultures of isolated yeasts and bacteria produced fatty acids which were also found in the fermenting wort at periods when these organisms were active. Lambic and Gueuze are especially rich in caprylic (C8) and capric (C10) acids. These are probably produced by Saccharomyces and Brettanomyces. Important amounts of ethyl caprylate and ethyl caprate were also found. As ethyl caprate is almost absent in other beers, it might be considered as another typical aroma component of lambic and gueuze.
Occurrence and direct control potential of parasitoids and predators of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in the subtropical lowlands of Mexico

Abstract 1 Native natural enemies have the potential to control fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) in tropical maize grown in Mexico, where this insect pest causes severe economic losses to farmers. It has been proposed that enhancing herbivore‐induced volatile emissions in maize plants may help to increase the effectiveness of natural enemies, which use these volatiles to locate their prey. This will only be of immediate benefit to farmers if the activity of the natural enemies results in a direct reduction in herbivory. Here we report on field surveys for the most common natural enemies in a tropical maize‐growing region in Mexico and the potential effects of these enemies on herbivory by fall armyworm.
Gas exchange and water relations of 3 sizes of containerized Picea mariana seedlings subjected to atmospheric and edaphic water stress under controlled conditions

Echanges gazeux et relations hydriques chez des semis de Picea mariana de 3 tailles differentes cultives en conteneurs et soumis a differentes conditions de secheresse atmospherique et edaphique. Nous avons soumis en chambre de croissance des semis d'epinette noire (Picea mariana [Mill] BSP) de 3 tailles differentes (18, 35 et 45 cm de hauteur) et cultives en conteneurs, a des conditions de demande evaporative faible (20°C, 60% HR) et elevee (30°C, 40% HR) conjointe ment a 3 niveaux de disponibilite en eau du sol. Les semis de plus forte taille avaient les taux de photosynthese nette les plus eleves dans l'environnement frais, mais la plus forte reduction de ce parametre dans l'environnement plus chaud et sec, sous des conditions de faible disponibilite en eau. Cette forte reduction de photosynthese nette etait associee a une fermeture des stomates. Cependant, le taux eleve de concentration intercellulaire en CO 2 indique que des facteurs non stomatiques etaient principalement a l'origine de cette reduction. Les semis de plus faible taille ont maintenu en conditions chaudes et seches des taux de photosynthese nette superieurs a ceux des semis de plus forte taille. L'accroissement de la taille des semis a reduit la teneur en eau de la motte racinaire, mais principalement sous des conditions n'engendrant pas de differences dans les taux de photosynthese nette entre les tailles de semis. Les resultats obtenus en conditions controlees indiquent que la croissance des semis d'epinette noire de plus forte taille serait plus affectee a la suite de la plantation que celle des semis de plus faible taille a condition seulement que la demande evaporative soit forte et la disponibilite en eau faible
Impact of Anthropometric Factor on Serve Velocities Evaluation Tennis Match at The 2019 US Open Grandslam Tournament

The purposes of this study are to analyze (a) anthropometric factor as multivariant regression model to predict the serves velocities of elite tennis player that compete in US Open Grandslam 2019. The athropometric factor was describe as, player height, player weight, age, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) of player. (b) this study also determind the significant level from the model to predict the serves speed. The data were collected from MATCH DETAILS BY IBM SLAMTRACKER. Results show that correlation between each independent variable (i.e, age, height, weight, BMI) to serves speed of the player respectively are -0.0094, 0.7457, 0.7135, and 0.1944. The data show us that variable Height and Weight have the most correlated predictors of tennis serves speed. More over the correlation level (R2 ) from the model was 0.5767 or 57.67 % it indicates that the model can predict 57.67% the dependent variable, i.e serve speed and the other 42.33% was determind by the other factor not included in model. The present finding underlines the importance of player height and weight to determind the serves speed of the players that play in US Open Grandslam Tournament 2019.
Effectiveness of elemental S fertilizers on forage grass.

Two field experiments were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to compare the effectiveness of various cumulative elemental S and sulphate-S fertilizer applications in increasing dry matter yield (DMY) and S uptake of forage grass. In exp. 1, one sulphate-S (Na2SO4) and two elemental S (Agric-Grade 0-0-0-95 and Tiger 90) fertilizers were applied annually to grass in mid to late April at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg S ha−1 rates. The increase in DMY from S application was significantly lower with elemental S fertilizers than with Na2SO4 in the first and second years, but in the third year elemental S fertilizers had DMY increase similar to Na2SO4 In exp. 2, a number of elemental S and sulphate-S fertilizers were applied annually to grass in mid- to late April at 15 kg S ha−1 rate. There was a marked increase in DMY from S application in all the 3 yr with the three sulphate-containing S fertilizers (Na2SO4, K2SO4 and CaSO4). When elemental S fertilizers were used, only Turf-Grade 0-0-0-95 increased DMY in all the 3 yr .
Workflow Graphs: A Computational Model of Collective Task Strategies for 3D Design Software

This paper introduces Workﬂow graphs , or W-graphs , which encode how the approaches taken by multiple users performing a ﬁxed 3D design task converge and diverge from one another. The graph’s nodes represent equivalent intermediate task states across users, and directed edges represent how a user moved between these states, inferred from screen recording videos, command log data, and task content history. The result is a data structure that captures alternative methods for performing sub-tasks (e.g., modeling the legs of a chair) and alternative strategies of the overall task. As a case study, we describe and exemplify a computational pipeline for building W-graphs using screen recordings, command logs, and 3D model snapshots from an instrumented version of the Tinkercad 3D modeling application, and present graphs built for two sample tasks. We also illustrate how W-graphs can facilitate novel user interfaces with scenarios in workﬂow feedback, on-demand task guidance, and instructor dashboards.
Optimasi Kadar Fenilbutazon dalam Pembawa Vesikular Etosom (Optimization of Concentration of Phenylbutazone in Ethosomes Vesicular Carrier)

Background: Phenylbutazone is a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Phenylbutazone is used by the transdermal route to reduce the irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Purpose: This study aims to obtain phenylbutazone suspensions with optimal levels in the ethosome vesicular carrier. Methods: Preparation was carried out by the hot method (40C) and cold method (30C) as well as variations in the concentration of phosphatidylcholine (2% and 3%) and ethanol (30%, 35%, and 40%). Characterization of vesicles, namely the shape and size of vesicles using optical microscopy and entrapment efficiency using the spectrophotometer method with λ maks 266.6 nm. Optimization of phenylbutazone levels was carried out at a concentration of 0.1%; 0.15%; 0.2%; and 0.25%. The optimum formula was obtained at a concentration of phosphatidylcholine 3% and ethanol 35% prepared by the hot method. Results:. The form of a Small Unilamellar Vesicle (SUV), a size of 23.7 nm, and entrapment efficiency is 88.358%. Optimization of phenylbutazone levels was obtained at a concentration of 0.1% with entrapment efficiency of 88.358%. Conclusion: The optimum level of phenylbutazone in the vesicular carrier ethosome was 0.1%.
Factors influencing nitrogen processing in lakes: an experimental approach

1. To help improve our understanding of the nitrogen cycle in lakes, particularly in the context of climate change, we analysed total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate (-N) data from six mesocosm experiments (in Denmark, U.K., China and Turkey) covering different climatic regions. We assessed the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading, temperature, salinity and water level on N processing. 2. Water column N loss (defined as the nitrogen processed in and lost from the water column in units of net amount processed per unit area and per unit of time, or in relative terms as the percentage loss of the total pool in 2 weeks) was particularly sensitive to external nutrient loading to the mesocosms. Mean water column TN loss at high N loading varied from 111 to 250 mg m−2 day−1 and increased with N loading. High P loading resulted in increased water column N loss, possibly because of increased uptake into plants and attached algae and sedimentation of the increased algal crop. High salinity generally decreased water column TN loss; on average, 10% more TN was in the water column at 12‰ salinity than at 2‰ salinity, while no significant effect of water level was found. 3. Only weak relationships were observed between N processing and temperature, and mesocosms limited by P accumulated more nitrogen in their water columns than those with high P loadings. Our results suggest that N processing in lakes appears to be more sensitive to features of the catchment, such as hydrology and loading, than to climatic effects related to temperature, salinity and water level.
Rede social empresarial - uma proposta de abordagem interdisciplinar, multiteórica e integrativa

RESUMO Esta pesquisa mapeou como as teorias científicas discutem diferentes facetas da Rede Social Empresarial - RSE. O objetivo é fornecer um estudo que organize parte do conhecimento existente na interseção de estudos de mídia e ciência da rede. Como um mapa de campo, destina-se a pensar em diversos tipos de vínculos envolvidos em uma perspectiva relacional sobre a RSE. A revisão da literatura identificou 15 teorias, quatro foram selecionadas: a teoria do Capital Social analisa a capacidade da rede de ligar as pessoas entre si; a teoria da Affordance analisa os recursos que a ela oferece; a motivação para participar é analisada através da teoria da Troca Social; e um dos principais desafios das organizações em geral, a localização da expertise é analisada pela teoria da Memória Transativa. Essas teorias não esgotam as possíveis bases teóricas para a conceitualizaçãoda RSE, mas se mostraram de fato apropriadas para explicar importantes processos organizacionais na busca de uma visão mais integral. Por fim, é apresentado o Mapa Conceitual com os principais conceitos-chave relacionados às teorias e suas interconexões no intuito de ajudar a criar uma melhor compreensão da integração existente entre elas e servir de instrumento para estatuir o conhecimento criado.
Studies on Kabatiella zeae n.sp., the causal fungus of a new leaf spot disease of Corn.

A new leaf spot disease of corn (Zea mays L.), “Kappanbyo” has been found to occur in Hokkaido since 1956.Round, brownish gray spots, 1∼3mm. in diameter, with brown or brownish purple margin and light yellow halo are found numerously on leaf blades, leaf sheaths or rarely on stems of corn plants.The causal fungus does not attack any plant other than corn plant.From the results of the studies on the morphological characters of the fungus, it is considered that the fungus is a new species belonging to the genus Kabatiella Bub. emend. Karakulin.The technical description of the causal fungus, Kabatiella zeae Narita et Y. Hiratsuka, is given.
Temu kembali dokumen sumber rujukan dalam sistem daur ulang teks

Arsitektur deteksi daur ulang teks terdiri dari tiga modul utama yakni temu kembali dokumen sumber, analisis teks, dan pascapemrosesan. Masing-masing modul memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan akurasi luaran deteksi. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembangunan sistem temu kembali dokumen sumber yang telah didaur ulang dengan berbagai jenis penyamaran. Dalam penelitian ini, proses temu kembali dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan pemilihan kata kunci yang diberi bobot lokal. Setelah kata kunci ditemukan, dokumen kandidat dipilih dengan cara membandingkan query dengan pembobotan tf-idf dan ukuran kemiripan kosinus (cosine similarity). Dokumen yang terambil disaring berdasarkan nilai persamaan kosinus dan redudansi dokumen di tiap segmen hasil pencariannya. Dokumen uji dibedakan menjadi dokumen uji artifisial yang dibangkitkan secara algoritmik dan dokumen simulasi yang ditulis oleh manusia sebagai kasus daur ulang. Nilai presisi dan recall terbaik dari dokumen tes artifisial mencapai 0,967, sedangkan dari dokumen tes tersimulasi nilai diperoleh recall 0,66.
Social and Biological Correlates of Wild Meat Consumption and Trade by Rural Communities in the Jutaí River Basin, Central Amazonia

Abstract. Wild animals are an important source of food and income throughout the Amazon basin, particularly for forest-dependent communities living in the more remote regions. Through interviews in 51 households within 16 communities in the Jutaí River Extractive Reserve, Amazonas, Brazil, we determined animal taxa consumed and frequency of wild meat consumption, as well as patterns of wild meat trade. We then investigated the influence of social and biological factors on wild meat consumption and trade. People declared consuming wild meat on an average of 3.2 ± 2.8 days/month/household, amounting to 198.85 kg/month consumed by all sampled households. The vast majority of respondents got wild meat by hunting themselves or it was given to them by their neighbors. The most consumed taxa were paca (Cuniculus paca) and collared peccary (Pecari tajacu). Approximately two-thirds of respondents declared selling wild meat; meat destined for urban markets was more expensive and was primarily sold from houses of relatives living in the city. Wild meat consumption was determined by taste preferences, while prices were related to the body mass of the taxa concerned. Frequency of wild meat consumption and the probability of selling wild meat were positively associated with the number of hunters in the household. We highlight the importance of wild meat for remote communities, and, importantly, the prominent links these communities have with urban markets. These findings are useful in developing strategies to ensure the sustainable use of wildlife in the Amazon.
Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Marshmallow Flower (Althaea officinalis L.)

Abstract The antioxidant properties of marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L., Fam. Malvaceae) ethanolic extract was evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and metal chelating activities. The extract of marshmallow (A. officinalis L.) exhibited strong total antioxidant activity. The concentration of 50, 100, and 250 µg/mL of ethanol extract of marshmallow (A. officinalis L.) showed 85.5%, 91.2%, and 96.4% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. On the other hand, 100 µg/mL of standard antioxidant such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α‐tocopherol exhibited 94.5%, 99.1%, and 80% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. The extract of marshmallow (A. officinalis L.) had effective reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and metal chelating activities at same concentration (50, 100, and 250 µg/mL). Those various antioxidant activities were compared with standard antioxidants such as BHA, BHT, and α‐tocopherol.
Content of Selected Flavonoids in 100 Edible Vegetables and Fruits

The objective of this work was to quantify the potential anticancer flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin and luteolin) by a rapid, reliable and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) among 100 edible vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in Harbin city, China. The predominant flavonoids found in the largest abundance in all of the analyzed foods were kaempferol, followed by luteolin and quercetin. The maximum content of quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin, luteolin and total flavonoids in foods amounted to 379.7±19.7mg kg-1, 482.0±21.0mg kg-1, 333.6±14.4mg kg-1, 139.3±5.2mg kg-1, 179.5±10.6mg kg-1 and 853.0mg kg-1 fresh weight (FW), respectively. Potherb mustard, lettuce (red), toona leaf, celery leaf, garlic, garlic stalk, apple, date, ginger (with peel) and radish leaf (red root, small) were major food sources of flavonols and flavones. This study contribute to the establishment of China's flavonoid database and provide a basis for the assessment of the daily flavonoid intake.
Nurses’ Perceived Factors of Reluctance to Implement the Bowel Regimen Protocol in Intensive Care Units

Aims: To identify nurses’ perceived factors of reluctance to implement the bowel protocol in the ICUs. Background: However, Bowel regimen protocol of patients in the intensive care unit is safe, feasible, and beneficial, its’ implementation as part of routine nursing clinical care can be challenging. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional design. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 64 nurses who were working in intensive care units and meet the inclusion criteria was conducted between April 2017 and February 2018. The survey instrument was a semi-structure interview questionnaire developed by the researchers based on the related literature. Results: The mean age of studied nurses was 29.12± 6.41. The most frequently nurses’ perceived factors of reluctance to deliver bowel regimen were the busy shift (93.8%), limited staff & lack of supervision (92.2 %), the low priority of bowel care (90.6%) when considered against other demands of the highly technical intensive care units, unclear order from the doctors (89.06%). , forgetfulness and lack of education and awareness(92.2 %). Conclusion: This study provides an understanding of the perceived factors of reluctance to deliver bowel regimen for critically ill patients. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse Managers could deal with factors of reluctance to deliver bowel regimen protocol in the ICUs and develop new strategies to overcome these factors Keywords: critical care; intensive care; bowel care DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/73-10 Publication date: April 30 th 2020