Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Correction Method of Online Product Scores from the Perspective of Discourse Markers Theory

Online product reviews is an important information source which affects consumer purchasing decision-making deeply, but the inconsistency between reviews and scores brings troubles in the process of decision-maki ng for consumers. So the importance of solving reviews' authenticity is focused on. This paper attempts to introduce the Discourse Markers Theory to make a correction on review scores by analyzing the content of reviews, achieving a breakthrough in the semantic and pragmatic level. Firstly, we build a library of discourse markers in the field of online product reviews and design a correction system including credibility, position, emotional attitude. Then, we get the weight of each index through the questionnaire and propose a algorithm to correct deviation of reviews scores. In the last, the verification results from Jingdong mall show the method has better feasibility and validity.
Cultura digital y cultura letrada: los efectos de las tecnologías de la comunicación en el comportamiento habitual y el ejercicio de la escritura en ámbito académico

Resumen: Partiendo de la premisa la tecnologia mas utilizada por un grupo para establecer la comunicacion tiene efectos en el comportamiento humano, el siguiente estudio desarrolla una reflexion sobre los efectos que tienen los medios masivos usados para la comunicacion en el ejercicio de la escritura en contexto academico; reflexion que, en primer termino, se apoya tanto en la critica cultural como en estudios centrados en aspectos estructurales y culturales del ejercicio de la escritura. Lo anterior, para mostrar como el paso de la oralidad a la escritura genero una transicion desde un tipo de raciocinio, no lineal y rizomatico a uno dominado por la linealidad y la causalidad. Paradojalmente, en la actualidad, constatamos que el enorme desarrollode las “tecnologias de la palabra” trajo aparejado un retorno a formas de expresion propias de la oralidad; nos referimos al efecto de las tecnologias de la comunicacion sobre la forma de articular el trabajo con la escritura. Fundamentaremos esta cuestion en un trabajo de campo con estudiantes del Magister en Educacion de la Universidad de Concepcion, cuyas producciones escritas siguen los patrones de produccion en los que se mezclan estrategias orales propias de los medios digitales de comunicacion (segunda oralidad en terminos de Ong, 1987) y estrategias letradas de generacion textual. Finalmente, discutiremos los alcances culturales de los fenomenos analizados y las consecuencias en las practicas sociales de la escritura y en el desarrollo de la competencia en la escritura academica. Palabras clave: Medios digitales, oralidad, escritura, estudiantes universitarios. Abstract: Based upon the premise that the "technology most widely used by a group to establish communication has effects on human behavior", this paper examines the effects that massive communication media have on academic writing. This reflection is based on both cultural criticism and studies focused on the structural and cultural aspects of the practice of writing. Along these lines it is shown how the transition of orality to writing entailed a transition from a non-lineal and rhyzome-like type of reasoning to one dominated by linearity and causality. Paradoxically, today we see how the enormous development of 'technologies of language' has brought a return to communicative strategies typical of orality. We base this assertion on a field work with graduate students of education at the University of Concepcion, whose written productions follow patterns where oral strategies proper of digital communication media (in Ong's terms, secondary orality) are mixed with literate strategies of text generation. Finally, the cultural reach of the analyzed phenomena and their consequences in the social practice of academic writing are discussed. Key words: digital media, orality, writing, University Students.
Non-Genetic Potential Risk Factors for Autism Spectral Disorders

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex conditions, with combinations of milder social abnormalities and communication impairment and less rigid interest restrictions. Genetic factors may be significant cause for autism spectrum disorders. However many non genetic factors may also play an important role. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the potential prenatal, postnatal and other environmental risk factors for ASD. A total number of 184 individuals were studied. This study revealed that the factors with strongest evidence for an association with autism risk included advanced maternal age, stress during pregnancy, supplements taken, gestation period, parity, age gap between children and birth weight while folic acid-calcium supplement intake was found to be reducing the risk of ASD. The factors with evidence against a role in autism risk included were family history of seizures and tuberculosis, oral contraceptive, medication during pregnancy, maternal respiratory problems, maternal infection, fall during pregnancy, bleeding during pregnancy and labor induced by drugs.
Noise considerations in high-accuracy A/D converters

The increased resolution of A/D converters makes it virtually impossible to follow the old design rules that dictated the noise of converter systems should be much less than the value of the least significant bit. The response of a successive-approximation MOS A/D converter system to noise is examined and an expression is derived for the distribution of output codes as a function of the noise. Because of the way a successive approximation register-type converter works, the distribution of codes is found to be non-Gaussian, with a nonmonotonic decay as one moves away from the principal mode of the distribution. The derived expression is found to be in excellent agreement with experimental results. The average value of the distribution of output codes is calculated and found not to be equal to the output code obtained from a noise-free converter. New designs with high-accuracy A/D converters must take into account the expected distribution of output codes rather than simply assuming that one will always get the `right' answer. Averaging over many conversion cycles will not remove all the effects of the noise.
Fully-decentralized computation of importance measures in dynamic evolving networks

With the growing diffusion of devices with wireless communication capabilities as well as the success of social networking platforms, it has become more and more interesting to study dynamic evolving networks, in which the set of connections (however de ned) between the agents in the network varies over time. For instance, ad-hoc mobile networks are evolving networks in which a number of mobile hosts are free to move about a given area and capable when close enough of interacting with each other over wireless links without the need of an underlying backbone network. Other examples include P2P networks and in general social network contexts, in which the users dynamically establish and terminate social interactions. The topology of such networks changes over time, as edges (either directed or undirected) that represent interactions between nodes are dynamically added or removed in the network graph. Computing measures of centrality in such scenarios can be a challenging task. Classic measures of centrality and nodes' importance from graph theory and network analysis can be computed by a centralized entity on an aggregated representation of a dynamic network. However, privacy and/or scalability issues, or simply the absence of central coordination, may suggest a fully decentralized approach in which the computation is carried out by each node considering its own interactions with other nodes in the net- work. In this Master's thesis we propose lightweight algorithms for computing some importance measures of nodes in a dynamic evolving network in a fully decentralized way, without any knowledge of the whole network structure or assumptions on its future evolution. In particular, the main part of our work regards the computation of decentralized estimations of Google's PageRank and its theoretical analysis as a problem of random walks on dynamic graphs. We also introduce algorithms for computing some classical degree centrality measures with efficient use of resources. As it turns out, while straightforward in a centralized setting, some of these measures are hard to compute in a fully decentralized way. We analyze all these algorithms in terms of hardware resources (storage space and computational power) required at each node as well as time complexity and network overhead in the transmissions, showing how they are implementable also on low-power devices such as RFID tags. We also run simulations of our algorithms on real-world dynamic evolving network data and show their performances with respect to centralized computations of analogous measures on aggregated static representations of such networks.
Mining Pharmacy Database Using Evolutionary Genetic Algorithm

—Medication management is an important process in pharmacy ﬁeld. Prescribing errors occur upstream in the process, and their effects can be perpetuated in subsequent steps. Prescription errors are an important issue for which conﬂicts with another prescribed medicine could cause severe harm for a patient. In addition, due to the shortage of pharmacists and to contain the cost of healthcare delivery, time is also an important issue. Former knowledge of prescriptions can reduce the errors, and discovery of such knowledge requires data mining techniques, such as Sequential Pattern. Moreover, Evolutionary Algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), can ﬁnd good rules in short time, thus it can be used to discover the Sequential Patterns in Pharmacy Database. In this paper GA is used to assess patient prescriptions based on former knowledge of series of prescriptions in order to extract sequenced patterns and predict unusual activities to reduce errors in timely manner.
Gli albori dell’Economia Aziendale nel dibattito sulla Rivista Italiana di Ragioneria

Il lavoro ripercorre i contributi pubblicati nel biennio 1939-1940 sulla Rivista Italiana di Ragioneria, al fine di evidenziare punti di contatto ed elementi di rottura tra le posizioni espresse. Il confronto tra gli Studiosi prese le mosse dall’articolo di Francesco Della Penna “La parola e agli economisti” e vide come protagonisti Della Penna, Ceccherelli, Masi, D’Alvise, Mariani e Zorli. Nel dibattito gli Autori affermarono la superiorita scientifica della Ragioneria sull’Economia Aziendale, e l’impossibilita di sviluppare l’Economia Aziendale come scienza unica e unitaria. Nel desiderio di "combattere" le diverse impostazioni alcuni Autori diedero vita a scontri personalistici trascendendo l’oggetto stesso della discussione. Nel dibattito furono prevalentemente evidenziati i pregi della Ragioneria e i limiti dell’Economia Aziendale, ma nessun Autore, argomento come superare questi ultimi. Emerge quindi come il confronto non abbia prodotto una posizione comune tale da far crescere l’Economia Aziendale, bensi siano rimasti aperti e privi di soluzione i problemi evidenziati, anche per la mancanza di contributi di studiosi strettamente appartenenti alla scuola zappiana.
The Conceptual Model and Methods of Wave 1 (2016) of the EUREST-PLUS ITC 6 European Countries Survey

Population-level interventions represent the only real approach for combatting the tobacco epidemic. There is thus great importance in conducting rigorous evaluation studies of tobacco control policies and regulations such as those arising from the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and the European Union’s 2014 Tobacco Products Directive (TPD). The ITC 6 European Countries Survey, a component of the Horizon 2020 Project entitled European Regulatory Science on Tobacco: Policy Implementation to Reduce Lung Disease (EUREST-PLUS), was created to evaluate and impact of the TPD in six EU Member States: Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Spain. In each country, a cohort survey of a representative national sample of 1000 smokers was conducted. This paper describes the conceptual model, methodology, and initial survey statistics of Wave 1 of the ITC 6E Survey, which was conducted June–September 2016. The ITC 6E Survey’s conceptual model, methodology, and survey instrument, were based on the broader 29-country ITC Project cohort studies, which have been conducted since 2002. The commonality of methods and measures allow a strong potential for cross-country comparisons between the 6 EU countries of the ITC 6E Project and 3 other EU countries (England, France, The Netherlands) in the ITC Project, as well as the broader set of ITC countries outside the EU.
Trichoderma harzianum T22 Irkının Farklı pH ve Tuz Konsantrasyonlarına Adaptasyonu ve Domateste Fu-sarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis- lycopersici ’in Biyolojik Kontrolünde Kullanılması

Biyolojik kontrol ajani olarak kullanilan Trichoderma harzianum (T22)’un farkli tuz konsantrasyonlarina karsi reaksiyonunu belirlemek amaciyla, farkli oranlarda sodyum klorur iceren PDA (Patates dekstroz agar) ortaminda T22 gelistirilmistir. Daha sonra T22’nin domateste kok ve kok bogazi curuklugune sebep olan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis’e karsi misel gelisimini engelleyici etkisi iki farkli pH (5, 8) seviyesinde ve bes farkli NaCI konsantrasyonunda (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1,0, 1.25 M) test edilmistir. Calismalar neticesinde in vitro kosullarda yurutulen fungusun miselyal gelisimi ve sporulasyonu artan tuz konsantrasyonuna bagli olarak sirasiyla %12.94-54.12 ve %85.07-95.14 arasinda engellendigi tespit edilmistir. 50 M NaCI uzerindeki konsantrasyonlarda sporulasyonun gerceklesmedigi gorulmustur. Surekli artan tuz konsantrasyonlarinda gelismeye birakilan fungusun NaCI’a karsi dusuk de olsa bir adaptasyon sagladigi belirlenmistir. Fungusun miselyal gelisimi %2.35-3.54 oranlarinda dusuk derecede engellenmis, sporulasyonda ise 0.6-1.5 x10 5 bir artis gerceklesmistir. Tuzlu kosullara adaptasyon saglamis olan izolatin normal izolata gore F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis ile bulasik seralarda kok ve kok bogazi curuklugunu %3.2 oranla daha fazla kontrol edebildigi belirlenmistir.
L’hypertexte comme hypermétaphore

Le present article cherche a montrer la productivite theorique de la notion d’hypertexte. Pour cela nous nous appuierons sur un corpus de citations, empruntees notamment aux fondateurs. Le terme d’hypermetaphore designera l’ensemble de dispositifs symboliques construits pour, dans et par l’hypertexte/hypermedia. Il s’agira donc a la fois de metaphores au sens strict (« piste »), d’elements d’interface (« fenetres »), de paradigmes (l’hypertexte comme metaphore de l’esprit ») et de constructio.
Weighting Multiple Criteria

Six methods for collecting the judgments of experts concerning the relative value of sets of criteria were compared for their reliability and time efficiency. The methods were ranking, rating, three versions of paired comparisons and a method of successive comparisons suggested by Churchman, Ackoff and Arnoff [Churchman, C. W. , R. L. Ackoff, E. L. Arnoff. 1957. Introduction to Operations Research. Wiley, New York. ]. The judgment situations used were concerned with the design of a specific air defense system and a general air defense system, and with selecting a personnel subsystem manager for a development program. In each of these three situations six criteria were comparatively evaluated by the judges. The results of these experiments showed that there were no significant differences in the sets of criterion weights derived from collecting the judgment data by any of the methods, but that ranking was by far the most efficient method. A fourth experiment was conducted to develop baseline data on the time required to make comparative judgments vs. number of items to be judged, by the ranking method and by the simplest paired comparisons method. Ranking is increasingly more efficient than paired comparisons as the number of items to be judged increases from six to 30.
De onduidelijke verhouding tussen vrijheid van meningsuiting en discriminatie: een analyse van de groepsbelediging en het haatzaaien

De strafbaarstelling van groepsbelediging en haatzaaien vormt een beperking van de vrijheid van meningsuiting. het is echter niet zeker waar precies de grens loopt tussen controversiele bijdragen aan het maatschappelijk debat en strafbare uitlatingen. Dat blijkt onder meer uit het verschil van opvatting tussen het OM en het Hof Amsterdam in casu Wilders. Dit artikel concentreert zich op de vraag waarom het zo moeilijk is de genoemde strafbepalingen eenduidig uit te leggen. Een van de conclusies is dat de wetgever meer helderheid zou moeten scheppen.
Multimedia Instruction Sets for General Purpose Microprocessors: a

The last decade has seen the integration of audio, video, and 3D graphics into traditional workloads as well as the emergence of new workloads dominated by the processing of data representing such information. Initially, these emerging workloads were supported by dedicated, application specific integrated circuits and digital signal processors. In order to avoid the added cost and complexity of these dedicated hardware solutions, microprocessor vendors have extended their architectures with instructions targeting multimedia applications. Despite general agreement on the direction of evolving workloads, there is little agreement on the nature of the architectural changes that should be made to support them. The focus of this work is to survey existing multimedia instruction sets and examine how their functionality maps to a set of computationally important kernels extracted from the previously developed Berkeley multimedia workload.
Desarrollo histórico en la investigación psicológica del enfoque de género

Una de las aportaciones importantes de las mujeres a la Psicologia ha sido la de incluir dentro de la disciplina los estudios de mujeres, feministas y de genero. Como algunas autoras han senalado, ha sido precisamente cuando las mujeres se han ido incorporando como investigadoras cuando se ha ido incrementado el interes de la Psicologia por las mujeres como objeto de estudio. El proposito del presente trabajo es revisar la evolucion historica de la investigacion psicologica de genero acontecida a lo largo del S. XX, siguiendo para ello la propuesta de Unger (2001) de incluir dentro de dicha revision los siguientes puntos interconectados: 1. La historia de las mujeres (cientifi cas y profesionales) en la Psicologia. 2. La historia de la Psicologia sobre las mujeres (mujeres como sujetos de teoria e investigacion) y 3. La historia de la organizacion que tiene que ver con la psicologia de las mujeres y de genero. En relacion al primer apartado, se analiza como las mujeres contribuyeron desde los primeros momentos al surgimiento de la ciencia psicologica, a pesar de las difi cultades sociales y academicas que obstaculizaron su presencia. Para visibilizar el trabajo de estas mujeres pioneras, ha sido necesaria la labor de otras psicologas que las han rescatado del olvido. En el segundo apartado, se describe como y por que ha ido surgiendo el interes por el estudio de las mujeres y del genero en Psicologia. Los antecedentes se situan a principios del siglo XX, pero el inicio real se produce durante la decada de los setenta. Las investigadoras cuestionan el conocimiento androcentrico y la manera en que las mujeres han quedado marginadas en la disciplina. Se plantean los primeros modelos teoricos y su evolucion, asi como la aparicion de revistas especializadas. Finalmente se narra la historia del reconocimiento ofi cial de este campo de estudio en distintos paises.
EFICIÊNCIA DOS INSETICIDAS FISIOLÓGICOS MIMIC 240 SC (TEBUFENOZIDE) E INTREPID 240 SC (METHOXIFENOZIDE) NO CONTROLE DA MARIPOSA ORIENTAL Grapholita molesta (BUSCK, 1916) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) NA CULTURA DA PEREIRA

Visando o controle da mariposa oriental, Grapholita molesta, na cultura da pereira com inseticidas fisiologicos, realizou-se um experimento no municipio de Capao do Leao, RS, no ano agricola 1998/99, sobre tres cultivares de pereira japonesa (Kosui, Nijisseiki e Shinseiki). Os produtos testados foram: Mimic 240 SC nas dosagens de 9,6; 14,4 e 21,6g i.a. 100L-1; Intrepid 240 SC nas dosagens de 9,6 e 14,4g i.a. 100L-1; e Lebaycid 500 na dosagem de 50g i.a. 100L-1 (Padrao). Para todos os inseticidas foram adicionados 125mL. 100L-1 do espalhante adesivo AG-BEMâ. Os tratamentos foram aplicados 75 dias apos o plantio do pomar, pulverizando-se as plantas ate o ponto de escorrimento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis repeticoes por tratamento em cada uma das tres cultivares, sendo cada parcela experimental constituida por uma planta. A avaliacao foi feita em relacao ao numero de ponteiros atacados (secamento do apice da planta) em cada tratamento. Os resultados revelaram que as maiores dosagens dos inseticidas fisiologicos (Mimic com 21,6g i.a. 100L-1 e Intrepid com 14,4g i.a. 100L-1) controlaram eficientemente as lagartas de G. molesta, diminuindo a porcentagem de ponteiros atacados para menos de 15%.
Classroom Cons and Assigning Activism: Ethical Issues in Relational Pedagogy

In the midst of my lecture on the intersection of performance, activism, and rhetoric in Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Project C” campaign in Birmingham, Alabama, a student rose from his seat and interrupted me. For the next forty-five seconds, he implored his seventy-nine fellow students to take seriously the idea that money cannot buy happiness, asking them instead to consider whether their pursuit of traditional notions of wealth and success were obscuring deeper understandings of fulfillment. His hand shaking, my student raised a dollar bill high in the air, tore it into several pieces, dropped them, and returned to his seat. His defacement of currency shocked the class, who sat quietly for a moment before bursting into applause. It was the first illegal act committed in my class this semester, and I wanted to seize the opportunity for further conversation.
A Breathhold Technique for T2 Quantification Utilizing Echo Sharing for Efficient Sampling

Introduction: Chronic transfusion therapy is used in patients with sickle cell disease to avoid further complications of the disease. However, repeated red blood cell transfusions lead to iron accumulation in key tissues such as the heart and the liver, interfering with normal tissue function in a progressive manner that may be lifethreatening. Monitoring iron content in the body is critical for management of the iron chelation therapy. While liver biopsy is still the gold standard for iron assessment, there have been tremendous efforts over the past decade to develop accurate and reliable, non-invasive methods for serial quantification of body iron burden based on MR relaxometry. The first method used in clinical studies was developed by Clark and St. Pierre [1] and is based on R2 quantification of liver tissue: several spin echo images are acquired at different echo times (TE) and are used to calculate T2; the acquisition time of about 20-30 min leaves this method susceptible to motion artifacts, image misregistration, reduced patient tolerance and leads to the quest for alternative methods. R2* quantification is now commonly used for iron quantification in heart and liver due to its acquisition within a single breathhold [2]. T2* relaxation times in iron-overloaded organs may however not only be increased by iron deposition, but also be affected by imperfect shimming, local field inhomogeneities, susceptibility gradients etc. These contributions introduce uncertainty to the R2* based iron evaluation in patients. Thus, recent work has focused on the development of multiple TE breathhold Turbo Spin Echo (TSE) sequences for improved T2 quantification in moving organs such as the liver and the heart [3]. This work presents our first results with a further methodological development of this technique, which by means of echo sharing [4] allows for a more time efficient sampling of the relaxation curve and thus has the potential to provide a higher accuracy of T2 values for early diagnosis and treatment of iron loading.