Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flow Network Model of Bulk Transmission

Bulk transmission refers to the mailing of big data sets from a sender’s network to the receiver’s network via the internet. Whereas conventional routing algorithms focus on ﬁnding quick routes to the receiver, bulk routing algorithms focus on ﬁnding cheap, high bandwidth routes to the receiver. This paper is the ﬁrst to develop a comprehensive model for bulk transmission using time-varying ﬂow networks, and to identify parameters that determine the performance of the transmission. The paper then shows that the global span and inter-connectivity of the internet overwhelms the ﬂow network model, leading to impractical routing algorithms with high computational complexity. Consequently, ﬂow networks fail as a model for generating routing paths for bulk data sets. The paper proposes a new modeling construct, clock nets, for evaluating bulk transmission over the internet. With clock nets, the complexity of bulk routing algorithms is bounded by the number of world time zones.
Flexural Analysis of Clamped Thin Rectangular Isotropic Plates Using Galerkin Variational Method

DOI: 10.21276/sjeat.2018. 3.12. 4 Abstract: The flexure of a clamped uniformly-loaded thin isotropic rectangular plate is herein analysed. The deflected surface was approximated using a grid work of beams. Coordinate polynomial deflection function satisfying the geometric boundary conditions was derived. Furthermore, different approximations of the derived polynomial function were developed for the clamped rectangular plate corresponding to the first, second and third approximations. The unknown deflection coefficients of the different deflection functions were obtained using Galerkin method, for different aspect ratios ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 for the different approximations. The numerical values of the computed coefficients were compared with the results from previous works and the degree and pattern of convergence observed. The convergence to the results of the classical solution increased as the number of approximations increased from first to third approximation such that the average percentage difference came to 1.98 %, for maximum deflection and 1.96 % for the maximum span moment of the principal axis in the third approximation. This clearly shows that the present study closely compares with the results of classical solution.
The numbers of classifications

This paper demonstrates how to establish the number of pair-group classifications for any given order that may differ in both topology and arrangement of identifiers. At N = 50 there are about 1080 different classifications, a figure of the order of the number of electrons in the universe. The large number of possible classifications of even quite low orders of entities underlines the problem of taxonomists in selecting any best classification.
Alumni Info-Com with Distinct Classification of Data using Support Vector Machine Algorithm

This paper presents to create a centralized alumni network for betterment of institutions and upcoming student’s community. The System is able to collect and store alumni information for future communication. Former students of institution can communicate with their immediate friends as well as forthcoming students and various members involved in the institution community. Apart from the alumni, the institutions/organization also benefitted when sustains this network. This single system can satisfy almost every requirement of the alumni. Usually, alumni associations are organized in colleges, but may also be organized in a place where the alumni can meet each other. Despite the fact that there are many existing systems in colleges to maintain the alumni information, they are manual and more time consuming to current students to reach out their alumni and maintaining the privacy of the alumni. To overcome these issues, we proposed a web based application which allows alumni to update their information and students can connect with them and can view the filtered events posted by alumni and admin through Support Vector Machine algorithm (SVM). Proposed method, SVM algorithm used to classify the alumni members and their posting message from others in this
Effects of elevated temperatures on growth and photosynthetic performance of polar Chlorella

Global warming has been the subject of concern in today’s world with elevating temperature causing the melting of polar ice and increasing sea level. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological and photosynthetic performance of two polar Chlorella, namely Chlorella UMACC 250 and Chlorella UMACC 234 to elevating temperatures as might be experienced under future warming scenarios. The cultures were exposed to three different temperatures of 4 ℃, 8 ℃ and 12 ℃. The growth and photosynthetic activity were determined every 2 d for a period of 10 d. At the end of the experiment, the cultures were harvested and analysed for biochemical composition. Both Chlorella strains were able to tolerate higher temperatures than their ambient temperature. The final pigments content showed an increasing trend with increased temperatures for both strains. The photosynthetic activities were measured using pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometer. The photosynthetic parameters including maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax), light harvesting efficiency () and photoadaptive index (Ek) were derived from the rapid light curves (RLCs). Both Chlorella strains showed a slight decline in growth and photosynthetic activities at the initial part of the experiment. However, they showed the ability to recuperate with Chlorella UMACC 250 recovers better compared to Chlorella UMACC 234. Both Chlorella strains showed similar trend in their carbohydrate content at 12 ℃, while the protein content of Chlorella UMACC 234 decreased when exposed to increasing temperatures. The results indicated that polar Chlorella are able to survive at increased temperatures throughout the experiment. Citation : Anuwar S, Teoh M-L, Yap W-H, et al. Effects of elevated temperatures on growth and photosynthetic performance of polar Chlorella. Adv Polar Sci, 2020, 31(2): 124-131, doi: 10.13679/j.advps. 2019.0040
WHO’S KNOCKING AT MY DOOR: DEVELOPING A WEB SERVICE VISUALIZATION TOOL FOR MONITORING USER ACCOUNT HEALTH

Identifying potential threats to network security is arguably the single most important task for today’s IT professional. This paper seeks to aid in that task by outlining a framework whereby a readily available web-service visualization tool can be developed. Such a tool would accurately visualize one important aspect of an SNMP notifications log. This paper describes a thought experiment, which outlines the conceptual steps necessary to produce and deploy a web-service visualization tool that IT administrators could use to determine if individual user accounts are at risk of being compromised. Conceptually, the web-service would run on top of a predictive model that exists within the popular data analytics software, RapidMiner. This predictive model would take a text extraction of an SNMP notification log as its input and produce a digital map of user accounts that may be at risk of being compromised.
Charcoal as a habitat for microbes and its effect on the microbial community of the underlying humus

Wildfires produce a charcoal layer, which has an adsorbing capacity resembling activated carbon. After the fire a new litter layer starts to accumulate on top of the charcoal layer, which liberates water-soluble compounds that percolate through the charcoal and the unburned humus layer. We first hypothesized that since charcoal has the capacity to adsorb organic compounds it may form a new habitat for microbes, which decompose the adsorbed compounds. Secondly, we hypothesized that the charcoal may cause depletion of decomposable organic carbon in the underlying humus and thus reduce the microbial biomass. To test our hypotheses we prepared microcosms, where we placed non-heated humus and on top one of the adsorbents: non-adsorptive pumice (Pum), charcoal from Empetrum nigrum (EmpCh), charcoal from humus (HuCh) or activated carbon (ActC). We watered them with birch leaf litter extract. The adsorbing capacity increased in the order Pum<HuCh<EmpCh<ActC, the adsorbents being capable of removing 0%, 26%, 42% and 51% of the dissolved Corg in the litter extract, respectively. After one month, all adsorbents harboured microbes, but their amount and basal respiration was largest in EmpCh and HuCh, and smallest in Pum. In addition, different kinds of microbial communities with respect to their phospholipid fatty acid and substrate utilization patterns were formed in the adsorbents. The amount of microbial biomass and number of bacteria did not differ between humus under different adsorbents, although different microbial communities developed in humus under EmpCh compared with Pum, which is obviously related to the increased pH of the humus under EmpCh, and also ActC. We suggest that charcoal from burning can support microbial communities, which are small in size but have a higher specific growth rate than those of the humus. Although the charcoal layer induces changes in the microbial community of the humus, it does not reduce the amount of humus microbes.
Invitro Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extract of Water Apple (Syzygium Aqueum) Fruits

The Malaysian medicinal plant, Water Apple’ (Syzygium Aqueum) can provide bioactive compounds that help to support people suffering from many diseases. The present study is undertaken to investigate the phytochemicals and invitro antioxidant activities from extract of Water Apple fruits. Determination of phytochemicals and invitro anti-oxidative capacity, established assay method 2, 2 diphenyl – 1picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) radical assay, nitric oxide and superoxide anion scavenging activity assays were used with reference to standard antioxidants ascorbic acid and butyl hydroxyl anisole (BHA). The percentage inhibition of radical scavenging activity increased with increase in concentrations of extract and when compared with standard antioxidants. The results show that the extract of fruits of Water Apple possesses significant antioxidant activity when compared to standard antioxidants. These findings provide a strong rationale to establish Water Apple fruits capability as an anti oxidant capacity. However, in-vivo antioxidant activity and mechanism of action is needed to be further studied.
Structure and function of a novel cold regulated cold shock domain containing protein from an obligate psychrophilic yeast, Glaciozyma antarctica

Cold shock domain (CSD)-containing proteins are one of the groups of the evolutionarily conserved nucleic acid-binding proteins in all three domains of life consisting of an ancient beta-barrel fold that serves to bind nucleic acids. The cDNA of a novel protein-coding gene containing CSD was cloned from Glaciozyma antarctica designated as Ga16676. The full length of Ga16676 gene with the size of 1335 bp encodes for an N-terminal CSD with conserved nucleic acids binding motif RNP1 and RNP2. The Ga16676 gene was cloned in pET30 Ek/LIC, sequenced, expressed and its resistance towards cold was characterized. Recombinant protein expression of Ga16676 showed overexpressed soluble expression in both supernatant and pellet forms at 20 ℃. The effects of recombinant CSD protein overexpression on colony formation shows that E. coli cells were able to grow at 37 ℃ and 20 ℃ but not at 4 ℃ while E. coli_Ga16676 cells were able to grow at all temperatures tested. In addition, E. coli_Ga16676 cells showed higher growth rate compared to empty E. coli cells at 10 ℃. Structural analysis of Ga16676 reveals some interesting findings such as more aromatic interactions for efficient binding in low energy environment, a longer loop that may contribute to structural flexibility and clustering of charged amino acids on the protein surface that is important for protein stability and flexibility. Citation: Charles J, Masnoddin M, Nazaie F, et al. Structure and function of a novel cold regulated cold shock domain containing protein from an obligate psychrophilic yeast, Glaciozyma antarctica. Adv Polar Sci, 2020, 31(2): 137-145, doi: 10.13679/j.advps. 2019.0030
Cytotoxicity of Helicobacter pylori on human gastric epithelial cells in vitro: role of cytotoxin(s) and ammonia

Objective To evaluate the respective roles of vacuolating cytotoxin(s) and urease-mediated ammonia production in Helicobacter pylori-induced cytotoxicity on cultured human gastric epithelial cells. Methods Monolayers of MKN 28 cell line were incubated with broth culture filtrates of two urease-positive H. pylori strains: CCUG 17874, cytotoxin-producing and C21, non-cytotoxin-producing. After incubation, highly sensitive quantitative assays were used to measure the ammonia levels in the cell medium, cell vacuolation and cell death. In order to evaluate the cytotoxic role of ammonia more accurately, we performed an ‘ammonia simulation’ by measuring cell vacuolation and cytolethality induced by incubation with definite concentrations of ammonium chloride. Cell damage was also studied morphologically. Results Both H. pylori strains produced ammonia and induced cell vacuolation and cytolethality. With the G21 strain, both cell vacuolation and cytolethality appeared virtually identical to ammonia simulation. With the CCUG 17874 strain, which induced a higher degree of cell vacuolation and cell death compared with the G21 strain, cell vacuolation and cytolethality appeared largely ammonia-independent. The vacuoles induced by each H. pylori strain and by ammonia simulation were similar to each other. In less severely affected cells, vacuole formation and ammonia simulation were regularly limited by smooth membranes and morphologically and topographically resembled dilated endosomes or trans Golgi vesicles. In more severely affected cells, large autophagic-like vacuoles containing cell debris were also prominent. Conclusions The vacuolating cytotoxin(s) and ammonia are major H. pylori virulence factors. The cytotoxin(s) seem to play a more prominent role than ammonia in cell vacuolation. Nevertheless, ammonia seems to damage cells by other mechanisms in addition to vacuolation. A common pathway for cytotoxin- and ammonia-induced cell vacuolation seems likely.
IMPACT OF COOKING TIME ON NUTRITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF JUSTICIA GALEOPSIS LEAVES CONSUMED IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE

This study aimed at determining the effect of cooking time on nutritive characteristics of Justicia galeopsis leaves. J. galeopsis leaves were collected from cultivated farmlands located at Abobo, commune of Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire) and boiled at 100 °C respectively during 30, 45 and 60 min. Then, nutrients and antinutrients compositions were investigated using standard methods. Some molar ratios between antinutrients and mineral were also calculated to predict the implications for mineral bioavailability. The results revealed that longer time of cooking (higher than 30 min) led to 5-14% drop in protein level, 21-36% in ash, 95-97% in vitamin C, 4-42% in polyphenol, 19-63% in flavonoids, 18-59% in tannin, 10-46% in oxalate and 12-34% reduction in phytate content in J. galeopsis leaves. However, cooking also improved lipids contents to 12-13%, carbohydrate 6-11%, fiber 13-44%, and the mineral bioavailability with iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium molar ratio respectively [Phytate]/[Fe] (0.04-0.06), [Phytate]/[Zn] (0.17-0.22), [Phytate]/[Ca] (0.00), and [Oxalate]/[(Ca + Mg)] (0.11-0.13). Furthermore, J. galeopsis leaves boiled during 30 min had the highest residual contents in proteins (13.33%), lipids (2.24%), ashes (12.33%), carbohydrates (72.09 %), phosphorus (16.83 g/kg), potassium (314.75 g/kg ), calcium (30.66 g/kg ), magnesium (5.20 g/kg), sodium (10.58 mg/kg), iron (458.98 mg/kg), polyphenols (79.91 mg EAG/100 g), flavonoids 13.39 mg EQ/100 g), tannins (54.44 mg EC/100 g). These results suggest that the recommended cooking time of J. galeopsis leaves must be less than 30 min in order to contribute efficiently to cover the deficit of nutrients of Ivorian population.
Optimized Complexity Problem Based on Combined Fully Blind Self Adapted Method using PSO for Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing

The main purpose of this paper is to solve the complexity problem and improved existing methods such as energy detection, Maximum-Minimum Eigen value detectors (MME), MME with blind two stage detector and adaptive covariance threshold method. PSO algorithm stands for Particle Swarm Optimization is utilized to novelty the optimal sensing time at that there will be maximum detection of probability for the Primary user. In which, we compare the optimal-PSO algorithm with non-optimal method. The simulation of the paper is depend on the performance of probability of detection based on the false alarm rate on the different region of the signal to noise ratio. The proposed optimized method of detector shows a superior performance values when compared to three individual detectors. The performance metrics of proposed method are performed better than other three individual detector.
Statistical Analysis of Accelerometer,Gyroscope with State Estimation

This paper describes the tracking of the object with the utility of a three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope for navigation. The sensor fusion is receiving enormous research interest which is used in monitoring and tracking position. For dynamic modeling, for real-time data, the perceptual mixing of the signals is required. For proper mixing of the signals, sensor fusion techniques are used. This paper presents the comparative review analysis for the three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope for linear acceleration and angular rotation.
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defences in Type- I Diabetic Cases of Southern Rajasthan

Oxidative stress is the outcome of an imbalance between the production and neutralization of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) such that the antioxidant capacity of cell is overwhelmed. The present review briefly summarized the underlying role of overwhelming levels of RONS in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM). The primary causative factor of oxidative stress in DM is hyperglycemia, which operates via several mechanisms. However, the individual contribution of other intermediary factors to hyperoxidative stress remains undefined, in terms of the dose response relationship between hyperglycemia and overall oxidative stress in DM. Intuitively, the inhibition and/or scavenging of intracellular free radical formation provide a therapeutic strategy to prevent oxidative stress and ensuing pathologic conditions.
Status of freshwater prawn farming: a review

Farmed freshwater prawn production globally expanded by a factor of 3.5 in the 7 years from 1984 to 1991 but declined by 17% to 31 235 tin 1992. This was caused by a 53% reduction in the output of Taiwan due to disease and in-breeding problems, partially compensated by increases elsewhere, notably in India and Vietnam. This paper reviews the scientific literature published between 1989 and 1994 on the culture of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) and summarizes earlier work. Broodstock and larval studies, nutrition, grow-out management, genetics, integrated aquaculture and disease and water quality are covered. Finally, a brief summary of the status and characteristics of prawn culture in the major farming locations is presented, together with some comments on the opportunities and constraints for further development.
The main focus of the improvement of existing approaches to the systems of management of industrial and environmental safety and quality is the risk-oriented approach reflected in the (Recommendations on the establishment, implementation and improvement of the occupational safety management

The continuous improvement of the regulatory framework in the field of labor protection and global and environmental safety legislation, implementation of the Ukraine-EU Association Agreement are effective measures carried out by the state, aimed at creating a favorable legislative climate for employers in the area of their responsibility for establishing safe working conditions. Statistics on the occupational injuries level indicate a decrease in the total number of accidents and the number of lethally injured workers year after year. The study carried out by the author will allow for a well-grounded risk assessment of occurrence of industrial accidents and its subsequent implementation in emergencies. The proposed methodology for the safety function deployment and constructing a “house of safety” is one of the modern ways of expanding methodological approaches when using a risk-oriented approach in safety management systems and occupational hygiene.
Sequence of sockeye salmon type 1 and 2 growth hormone genes and the relationship of rainbow trout with Atlantic and Pacific salmon

Two types of growth hormone genes have been isolated from sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and their complete nucleotide sequence determined. The genes encode proteins of 210 amino acids and show considerable similarity to growth hormones characterized in other salmonids and fishes. The two genes presumably arose from a gene duplication event that generated the tetraploid condition in salmonids and are highly conserved in their coding regions. The sequences have diverged approximately 18% in noncoding regions since the gene duplication event and show numerous deletions and/or insertions. Isolation of these two genes from a Pacific salmon allows comparison of their sequences to growth hormone genes characterized from rainbow trout and from Atlantic salmon. The results indicate that rainbow trout is more similar to Pacific than to Atlantic salmon and suggest that Atlantic salmon diverged from Pacific salmonids at a time when sockeye and rainbow trout were part of a common breeding population. These resul.
Effects of sugar feeding on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in a parasitoid wasp

Lifetime patterns of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were compared in starved and sucrose‐fed adults of the parasitoid Macrocentrus grandii (Goidanich) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). As expected, sucrose‐fed individuals lived longer than did starved individuals. Macrocentrus grandii males and females eclosed with levels of simple storage sugars (presumably primarily trehalose) and glycogen that were below maximum levels recorded from sucrose‐fed parasitoids. Both of these nutrients dropped to very low levels in starved individuals within 4 days post‐emergence and were maintained at high levels in sucrose‐fed individuals throughout their lives. Lipid reserves at emergence represented the highest lipid levels for both sexes in the two diet treatments, with levels declining over the lifetimes of males and females from both diet treatments. Our results therefore suggest that dietary sucrose is used to synthesize trehalose and glycogen, but not lipids in M. grandii. Also, in contrast to the patterns observed for the simple sugars and glycogen, lipid levels in starved individuals did not drop below levels observed in sugar‐fed individuals. The average number of mature eggs carried by females at emergence was 33 and increased to approximately 85 in sucrose‐fed and 130 in starved females by the age of 5 d in the absence of hosts. The egg maturation rate was therefore higher in starved than in sugar‐fed females. Potential explanations for this unexpected result are discussed.