Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D radar image fusion using OFDM-based MIMO radar

This paper presents two data fusion algorithms for use in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar network, comprising several radar nodes for area surveillance applications. Each node is able to estimate four parameters - 3D positions (range, azimuth and elevation) as well as the velocity of an arbitrary number of targets within one transmit cycle. The raw radar images are then stitched together for higher target estimation accuracy as well as to reveal targets that are hidden from certain nodes due to obstacle shadowing. The first algorithm estimates the 3D target position within the area of observation. The second estimates the 2D (azimuth and range) as well as the velocity parameters. The performance of the algorithms and the radar system is evaluated with numerical simulations.
Classical mitochondrial phenotypes without mtDNA mutations

The authors analyzed the total mitochondrial (mt) genome in 15 patients with classic mitochondrial phenotypes. Novel somatic mtDNA mutations in two patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia were identified. Total automated mtDNA genome analysis did not reveal other pathogenic mtDNA mutations. The authors conclude that classic mitochondrial phenotypes, including those with adult onset, may occur in the absence of mtDNA mutations. Nuclear gene mutations may be the cause.
Interferon-&agr; reduces the density of monoaminergic axons in the rat brain

Interferon-&agr; commonly induces depressive symptoms in clinical populations; however, the mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Recent studies suggest that the degeneration of axons containing serotonin and noradrenaline is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. The present immunohistochemical study shows that the density of serotonergic axons decreased in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala in the interferon-&agr;-treated animals. Additionally, interferon-&agr; induced decreases in the density of noradrenergic axons in the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and dentate gyrus. These results support the hypothesis that long-term administration of interferon-&agr; causes the degeneration of monoaminergic axons in specific brain regions, which might be associated with depressive symptoms occurring in interferon-&agr;-treated patients.
Effects of long-term use of HAART on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects. METHODS Oral examination and measurement of saliva flow rate of both unstimulated and wax-stimulated whole saliva were performed in HIV-infected subjects with and without HAART, and in non-HIV individuals. The following data were recorded; duration and risk of HIV infection, type and duration of HAART, CD4 cell count, viral load, presence of orofacial pain, oral dryness, oral burning sensation, oral lesions, cervical caries, and periodontal pocket. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of long-term use of HAART on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects. RESULTS One hundred and fifty-seven HIV-infected subjects - 99 on HAART (age range 23-57 years, mean 39 years) and 58 not on HAART (age range 20-59 years, mean 34 years) - and 50 non-HIV controls (age range 19-59 years, mean 36 years) were enrolled. The most common HAART regimen was 2 NRTI + 2 NNRTI. HIV-infected subjects without HAART showed greater risks of having orofacial pain, oral dryness, oral lesions, and periodontal pockets than those with short-term HAART (P < 0.01). The subjects with long-term HAART were found to have a greater risk of having oral lesions than those with short-term HAART (P < 0.05). The unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates of the subjects with HAART were significantly lower than in those without HAART (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We conclude that long-term HAART has adverse effects on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects.
Dual-Plate OLED Display (DOD) Embedded With White OLED

White organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) with color filter adopting dual-plate OLED display (DOD) structure is proposed. In order to prevent outgassing from color filter and overcoat, the SiNx passivation film was deposited on the overcoat film. This structure does not show any defects after it has been kept over 500 hours of storage tests at 90 degC . By fabricating 1 stacked WOLED consisting of fluorescent blue layer/ phosphorescent red:green layer, luminance efficiency of 20 cd/A with CIEx = 0.29, CIEy = 0.37 was achieved.
Multiple small intestinal stromal tumors with skeinoid fibers in association with neurofibromatosis 1 (von Recklinghausen's disease)

A case of multiple small Intestinal stromal tumors (SIST) with skeinoid fibers of the jejunum arising in a 50 year old male with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF‐1) is reported. Seven small tumors of the jejunal wall were incidentally found and excised during an operation for abdominal and retroperitoneal neuroflbromas. Histologlcally, the tumors were composed of uniform spindle‐shaped cells with fascicular pattern, almost indistinguishable from the histology in leiomyoma. Periodic acid Schiff stain‐positive hyaline globules were observed among the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, these globules were stromal tangles of curvilinear, fluffy fibrils, consistent with skeinoid fibers. The electron‐dense granules, possibly neurosecretory granules, were found In the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, neuron specific enolase and CD34, but negative for muscle markers and S100 protein. The association of NF‐1 and multiple SIST with skeinoid fibers may have clinical implications. The multiple occurrence of SIST with skeinoid fibers seems to be often cited as one of the gastrointestinal manifestations of NF‐1. The possible site of origin of SIST with skeinoid fibers in NF‐1 may be the enteric autonomlc nerve plexus in the small intestinal wall.
Constraints on the application of 0.5-&#181;m MOSFET's to ULSI systems

The characteristics of a MOSFET with an Leff= 0.5 µm, which is a building element of the next generation of ULSI's, are described from two viewpoints: 1) "deviation" from the scaling law and 2) "system level scaling," and are compared with those of 1.3-, 2-, and 3-µm design rules. In the light of the fact that further improvements in the characteristics of small-sized devices are diminishing, it is mentioned that from now on it will be more necessary to concentrate on the system-oriented approach, rather than device and process technologies. In addition, to aid the selection of a new standard for power supply voltage, the allowable operating bias regions in 0.5-µm devices are discussed.
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases and Their FYVE Domain-containing Effectors as Regulators of Vacuolar/Lysosomal Membrane Trafficking Pathways*

Kinases that phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) at specific position(s) of the inositol ring play critical regulatory roles in a diverse array of cellular functions including growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal rearrangement (1–3). The downstream effects of phosphoinositide (PI) kinases (e.g. p110 PI 3-kinase) are carried out by phosphorylated derivatives of PtdIns, which serve as second messengers that recruit effector proteins to specific subcellular localizations and/or influence their activity (4, 5). In addition to the classical signaling roles of lipid kinases at the plasma membrane, the activity of these kinases is also required for membrane trafficking along the secretory and endocytic pathways (6). Vesicle-mediated delivery within the cell entails: (i) the formation and packaging of cargo into transport intermediates (vesicles), a process requiring the activity of coat proteins; (ii) the docking/ fusion of such transport intermediates with the appropriate target organelle, which depends upon SNARE proteins and Rab GTPases; and (iii) the recycling of transport components (e.g. receptors and SNARES) (7–9). The lipid composition of vesicular transport intermediates is also critical, and roles for phosphoinositides, phosphatidic acid, and lysobisphosphatidic acid have been documented (6, 10, 11). In particular, phosphoinositides, which can be modified at specific sites of the inositol ring, either singly or in combination, represent versatile molecules through which the cell generates distinct second messengers. Here we review recent progress in yeast and mammalian systems, which has converged to clarify the function of 3-phosphoinositides in membrane trafficking.
A Model for High-coverage Lexical Semantic Annotation Generation

AI applications often receive their input in the form of natural language text, or as the transcription of spoken text. A commonsense inference system should transform such input to a formal representation with limited vocabulary in order to be able to process them. In this paper, we present a method based on neural word embeddings that automatically assigns semic features to words of natural language. These features either describe the ontological category of a given word or provide some characterization or additional information. We show that our method has high coverage and performs well for English and Hungarian, and can easily be extended to other languages as well.
Switch to Unusual Amino Acids at Codon 215 of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Gene in Seroconvertors Infected with Zidovudine-Resistant Variants

ABSTRACT Sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) domain were determined by direct sequencing of HIV-1 RNA in successive plasma samples from eight seroconverting patients infected with virus bearing the T215Y/F amino acid substitution associated with zidovudine (ZDV) resistance. At baseline, additional mutations associated with ZDV resistance were detected. Three patients had the M41L amino acid change, which persisted. Two patients had both the D67N and the K70R amino acid substitutions; reversion to the wild type was seen at both positions in one of these patients and at codon 70 in the other one. Reversion to the wild type at codon 215 was observed in only one of eight patients. Unusual amino acids, such as aspartic acid (D) and cysteine (C), appeared at position 215 in four patients during follow-up. These variants isolated by coculturing were sensitive to ZDV. Overgrowth of these variants suggests that they have better fitness than the original T215Y variant. Intraindividual nucleoside substitutions over time were 10 times more frequent in codons associated with ZDV resistance (41, 67, 70, 215, and 219) than in other codons of the RT domain. The predominance of nonsynonymous substitutions observed over time suggests that most changes reflect adaptation of the RT function. The variance in sequence evolution observed among patients, in particular at codon 215, supports a role for chance in the evolution of the RT domain.
Cubic-Mouse-Based Interaction in Virtual Environments

Recently prop-based interfaces in combination with two-handed interaction techniques have become increasingly popular. Passive real-world props augment interaction through tactile feedback and often lead to more intuitive interaction. The Cubic Mouse is a new, 3D input device based on the prop idea. It consists of a cube-shaped box with three perpendicular rods passing through its center. We use a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) tracker embedded in the Cubic Mouse to track the device's position and orientation. The rods can be pushed and pulled, allowing the constrained input of three degrees of freedom. The 6-DOF Cubic Mouse, also allows rotation of the rods, which adds another three DOF. Altogether, we have a total of 12 analog degrees of freedom available with the Cubic Mouse, six DOF through the tracking and another six through the rods. In addition, the Cubic Mouse has application-programmable control buttons. We present a variety of interaction techniques developed around the Cubic Mouse, which we have implemented in various application prototypes. Our geo-scientific visualization system allows the exploration of data from the oil and gas industry in local and distributed virtual environments. With our automotive partners, we're developing a system for steering and visualizing crash simulations. Other application areas include medical visualization and terrain visualization.
The time delays in gravitationally lensed quasars

Estimation of time delays is necessary for many applications in astrophysics and cosmology, such as the determination of the Hubble constant, the study of matter distribution at different spatial scales in the Universe, including the dark matter, and others. Estimation of the Hubble constant from the time delays requires them to be measured with a rather high accuracy — of the order of 1 percent. However, the accuracy of the available measurements is as a rule much lower. One of the most serious complications in time delay determination is due to microlensing events, which distort the intrinsic quasar light curves differently in different quasar images. The method that provides a simple way to mitigate the effects of microlensing for the case of so-called slow microlensing events is proposed. The method can be efficient in processing and analyzing of the large observational data flows.
Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): a novel biomarker for human renal proximal tubule injury.

BACKGROUND Traditional blood and urine markers for the diagnosis of various renal diseases are insensitive and nonspecific. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a type 1 transmembrane protein, with an immunoglobulin and mucin domain, whose expression is markedly up-regulated in the proximal tubule in the post-ischemic rat kidney. The ectodomain of KIM-1 is shed from cells. The current studies were carried out to evaluate whether KIM-1 is present in human acute renal failure and might serve as a urinary marker of acute renal tubular injury. METHODS Kidney tissue samples from six patients with biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis (ATN) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for expression of KIM-1. Urine samples were collected from an additional thirty-two patients with various acute and chronic renal diseases, as well as from eight normal controls. Urinary KIM-1 protein was detected by immunoassay and was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS There was extensive expression of KIM-1 in proximal tubule cells in biopsies from 6 of 6 patients with confirmed ATN. The normalized urinary KIM-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with ischemic ATN (2.92 +/- 0.61; N = 7) compared to levels in patients with other forms of acute renal failure (0.63 +/- 0.17, P < 0.01; N = 16) or chronic renal disease (0.72 +/- 0.37, P < 0.01; N = 9). Adjusted for age, gender, length of time delay between the initial insult and sampling of the urine, a one-unit increase in normalized KIM-1 was associated with a greater than 12-fold (OR 12.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 119) risk for the presence of ATN. Concentrations of other urinary biomarkers, including total protein, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, did not correlate with clinical diagnostic groupings. CONCLUSIONS A soluble form of human KIM-1 can be detected in the urine of patients with ATN and may serve as a useful biomarker for renal proximal tubule injury facilitating the early diagnosis of the disease and serving as a diagnostic discriminator.
Application of SELDI-TOF in N-glycopeptides profiling of the urine from patients with endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer

Abstract Purpose: Endometrial (ECa), ovarian (OCa) and cervical (CCa) cancers are among 10 of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Cancers are known to cause some proteins to be differentially glycosylated or aberrantly excreted in the urine, which can be used as biomarkers. Since ECa, OCa and CCa are difficult to diagnose at the early stage, the aim of the present study was to identify a panel of new biomarkers for early detection of the cancers using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) technology. Identification of early biomarkers that are specific and efficient can increase the survival rate of the patients. Experimental design: Digested urinary proteins from patients with ECa, OCa and CCa were incubated on the champedak mannose-binding (CMB) lectin-immobilized PS10 chip. The lectin-captured glycopeptides were detected with SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry and followed by biomarker wizard analysis. Results: Peaks m/z 1201 and 1449 were detected as potential group discriminators. The peak m/z 1201 could distinguish OCa from CCa and ECa and its sensitivity and specificity were 100%. For m/z 1449, it was able to differentiate ECa from the other two types of cancer. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest urinary glycopeptides m/z 1201 and 1449 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of ECa, OCa and CCa, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
Importância do controle de qualidade na indústria alimentícia: prováveis medidas para evitar contaminação por resíduos de limpeza em bebida UHT

O controle de qualidade de uma industria alimenticia e regulamentado por leis que se baseiam em garantir que o alimento nao possua contaminantes fisicos, quimicos ou biologicos, apesar disto, varios relatos retratam falhas na producao e produtos inadequados que foram liberados para venda no mercado consumidor. Muito se fala de contaminantes biologicos, porem, casos de contaminacoes quimicas, por produtos de higienizacao tambem chamaram a atencao nos ultimos anos. Este trabalho enfatiza a importância de se estabelecer padroes de qualidade nos processos de producao industrial de alimentos, tomando como exemplo a analise de uma falha ocorrida em uma empresa brasileira que produz bebida achocolatada UHT, a qual apresentou resquicios de produto de limpeza. A avaliacao do pH do alimento em diferentes etapas de fabricacao ou da agua de enxague final do processo de higienizacao, podem ser sugeridas como medida preventiva para evitar esse tipo de risco
Metamaterial Inspired Microwave Sensors

Cheap and ubiquitous sensor systems will shape the coming decades. There is an emerging class of small high-performance electronic devices such as mobile phones, electronic toys, home appliances, monitoring and control systems in industrial facilities, and medical diagnosis systems, which are or will be equipped with pill box sized microprocessors or computers as well as sensors. These “smart sensors” with limited power and processing capabilities are often wirelessly interconnected. An assembly of many of them spread throughout the physical world will form sensor networks able to identify, localize, and monitor physical, environmental, and industrial processes, biological and health conditions, goods, vehicles, factories, stores, or even people.
Diversity of Brain Morphology in Teleosts: Brain and Ecological Niche

Modern teleosts have more copies of developmental regulatory genes than other vertebrates, probably due to a whole genome duplication that occurred specifically at the base of the lineage of ray-finned fishes. The genome duplication generates duplicated genes (including their regulatory regions), and one of the duplicates might become redundant and free from selective pressures. These redundant genes might be more easily mutated during evolution. Brain morphogenesis is a process that is dependent on a large genetic program in which a subprogram for the regionalization of the brain is coupled with that for cell-proliferation control. If beneficial mutations took place in key genes within the genetic program for brain morphogenesis, it might result in the enhancement of region-specific cell proliferation and cell survival in the corresponding brain subdivisions. This mechanism might account for the appearance of various forms of teleost brains, which have been preserved under selection pressure in diverse environments. It is conceivable that variously modified brains might evolve under the conditions of natural selection so that the brains help fit the teleost species for diverse ecological niches.
Systematic comparison of the effects of hippocampal and fornix‐fimbria lesions on acquisition of three configural discriminations

The effects of lesions to the hippocampal system on acquisition of three different configural tasks by rats were tested. Lesions of either the hippocampus (kainic acid/colchicine) or fornix‐fimbria (radiofrequency current) were made before training. After recovery from surgery, rats were trained to discriminate between simple and compound‐configural cues that signaled the availability or nonavailability of food when a bar was pressed. When positive cues were present, one food pellet could be earned by pressing a lever after a variable time had elapsed. The trial terminated on food delivery (variable interval 15 s). This procedure eliminates some possible alternative explanations of the results of previous experiments on configural learning. Hippocampal lesions increased rates of responding and retarded acquisition of a negative patterning task (A+, B+, AB−); using a ratio measure of discrimination performance these lesions had a milder retarding effect on a biconditional discrimination (AX+, AY−, BY+, BX−), and they had no effect on a conditional context discrimination (X: A+, B−; Y: A−, B+). Fornix‐fimbria lesions did not affect acquisition of any of these tasks but increased rates of responding. The results suggest that several task parameters determine the involvement of the hippocampus in configural learning; however, all tasks tested can also be learned to some extent in the absence of an intact hippocampal system, presumably by other learning/memory systems that remain intact following surgery. The lack of effect of fornix‐fimbria lesions on any of these tasks suggests that retrohippocampal connections with other brain areas may mediate hippocampal contributions to the learning of some configural tasks. An analysis of these results and of experiments on spatial learning situations suggests that involvement of the hippocampus is a function of the degree to which correct performance depends on a knowledge of relationships among cues in a situation. Hippocampus 7:371–388, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polarized indoor MIMO measurements at 2,45 GHz

MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) has recently appeared as a firm candidate to improve the performance of wireless systems. It is based on the use of multiple antennas at both sides of radio interface, and with an appropriate coding the spectral efficiency can be importantly increased. In fact, nowadays many efforts are towards the development of MIMO technologies in international standards. For instance, 3GPP is actively working in a recommendation for using MIMO in UMTS and IEEE also includes in their wireless local area network recommendations MIMO solutions. Apart from that, the use of polarization has recently been accepted as a cost effective solution to increase the number of antenna elements and to obtain more uncorrelated channels. At the same position, one can use, for instance, vertical and horizontal polarization, and provided that the different channels are uncorrelated, it can be effectively used. In this work, a MIMO measurement campaign has been performed in the underground level of one of the buildings of the Technical University of Cartagena. In these measurements, the impact on the polarization has been studied.