Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time Quantitative PCR Monitoring of Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Expression in Wheat Radicles Treated With Cu 2 + and Cd 2 +

Real-time quantitative PCR was used to study the differential expression of three antioxidant enzyme genes copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD)、peroxidase (POD) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) – in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) radicles following treatment with two heavy metals (Cu and Cd). The effects of varying the concentration of the heavy metals and the duration of exposure were investigated. It was found that Cd stress has a more profound effect than Cu on antioxidant gene expression for all tested mass concentrations and that heavy metal exposure induces GST expression more strongly than that of POD or Cu/Zn-SOD, with POD being expressed more strongly than Cu/Zn-SOD. [Lina Jiang, Daijing Zhang, Yun Shao, Shufang Yang, Tingting Li, Zhijuan Zhang, Chunxi Li. Real-time Quantitative PCR Monitoring of Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Expression in Wheat Radicles Treated With Cu and Cd. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):1679-1685] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 258
The Role of Nrf 2 : Adipocyte Differentiation , Obesity , and Insulin Resistance

Metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, are increasing globally, andmuch work has been performed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of these diseases. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a basic leucine zipper transcription factor that serves as a primary cellular defense against the cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress. Recent studies have proposed a close relationship between oxidative stress and energy metabolism-associated disease. The Nrf2 pathway, as a master regulator of cellular defense against oxidative stress, has emerged as a critical target of energy metabolism; however, its effects are controversial. This review examines the current state of research on the role of Nrf2 on energy metabolism, specifically with respect to its participation in adipocyte differentiation, obesity, and insulin resistance, and discusses the possibility of using Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in the clinic.
Threat Modeling : Types and Techniques

Security plays a major role in the development of secure software systems. Security should be integrated in all stages of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Attacks on the vulnerable software are continuously increasing day by day. Most of the attacks are result of insecure configuration of software. Therefore, software developers should design the software having security in mind and should reduce the security flaws in the early stages of software development life cycle so that secure software is developed. In this paper, we present the review of some approaches used to introduce and fix the threats along advantages and disadvantages. Statistical techniques, Neural network, Fuzzy logic, Genetic algorithm and NeuroFuzzy are some techniques used for software threat modeling.
SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) IN SOILS WITHIN HOT MIX ASPHALT (HMA) PLANT VICINITIES

The composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils within the vicinities of hot mix asphalt (HMA) production plants in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, was investigated. Soil samples were collected at an increasing distance of 10 m from two HMA plants, at surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) depths during dry and wet seasons. PAHs distribution in the soil samples were analyzed with gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). PAHs concentrations during the dry season for HMA plant A ranged from 8.20 - 449.00 mg/kg and 5.66 - 271.00 mg/kg for surface and subsurface soils respectively. The concentrations in HMA plant B ranged from 219.00 - 378.00 mg/kg and 27.00 - 264.00 mg/kg for surface and subsurface soils respectively. The PAHs concentration in the wet season for HMA plant A ranged from 10.30 - 71.90 mg/kg and 4.11 - 38.50 mg/kg for surface and subsurface soils respectively while that of HMA plant B was between 28.70 – 106.00 mg/kg and 8.73 – 37.00 mg/kg for surface and subsurface soils respectively. PAH diagnostic ratios of Anthracene/Phenanthrene, Fluoranthene/Pyrene and Benzo[a]Anthracene/Chrysene indicated the dominant sources of PAHs within the HMA plant vicinities were pyrogenic with variable input from petrogenic sources due to petroleum fuels and oils from vehicle traffics, vehicle repair/maintenance in the plant area and runoffs during the wet season. Multivariate analysis of PAHs diagnostic ratios showed significant correlation ( ³ 72.04%) in soil samples from both HMA plant vicinities and revealed similar PAHs profiles dominated by pyrogenic PAHs.
HOC simulation of Moffatt eddies and its flow topology in the triangular cavity flow

In this work, we present HOC simulation of vortices in the triangular cavity for slow viscous incompressible flows by using a recently proposed new paradigm approach for solving Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations. These vortices qualify as Moffatt vortices which are characterized by the computation of common ratios of their sizes and intensities. We further explore topological structures of Moffatt eddies by using crtical point theory which is one of the key concept in the field of topological fluid dynamics.
A C ] 2 4 O ct 2 01 8 Extension functors of generalized local cohomology modules

LetR be a commutative Noetherian ring with non-zero identity, a an ideal ofR,M a finitely generated R–module, and X an arbitrary R–module. In this paper, for non-negative integers s, t and a finitely generated R–module N , we study the membership of ExtsR(N,H t a(M,X)) in Serre subcategories of the category of R–modules and present some upper bounds for the injective dimension and the Bass numbers of Hta(M,X). We also give some results on cofiniteness and minimaxness of Hta(M,X) and finiteness of AssR(H t a(M,X)). 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 13D07, 13D45.
Spatial analysis of the occurrence of protected butterflies in six European biogeographic regions as a tool for the environmental risk assessment of Bt maize

In the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of genetically modified plants (GMP), the consideration of the different environments where genetically modified plants (GMP) will be commercially grown (the receiving environments) plays a crucial role. In addition, relevant protection goals which may be adversely affected by the GMP have to be considered during the ERA. Using a literatureand GIS-based approach, distribution data of protected lepidopteran species listed in Council Directive 92/43/EEC and of maize cultivation was used in order to evaluate potential spatial overlaps between GM maize and protected nontarget Lepidoptera in different biogeographical regions (BGR) of the EU. Each BGR has its peculiarity regarding maize cultivation and the distribution of protected butterflies. The lepidopteran fauna of the Pannonian BGR is particularly sensitive due to large maize cultivation shares and wide distribution of protected butterflies within this BGR. For the BGRs evaluated potential, spatial exposures of protected butterflies to GM maize cannot be excluded. This study shows that the suggested approach is a useful tool for the consideration of EU-wide protected species in different receiving environments during the problem formulation of the ERA of GMPs.
The Factors Influencing in Mobile Learning Adoption: - A Literature Review

Purpose –The purposes of this paper are to explore current literature Review and specify the challenges and to identify factors affecting mobile learning (m-learning) adoption. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews literature pertaining to: mlearning applications and challenging issues and factors influencing m-learning adoption which contributed to a new conceptual Model. Findings – Even if m-learning is fast emerging, the review of literature reveals a challenge as to how to promote mlearning adoption. In this line, the paper extends the scope of literature reviewed to the theories and factors relating to m-learning adoption viz. Technology user, consumer and learner. Insights are drawn from the proposed model. Practical implications – A number of m-learning projects have been initiated worldwide while Guidelines drawing from m-learning adoption research are in short supply. A research in this regard will contribute to a better understanding of developing acceptable m-learning service. Originality/value – Based on a literature review, the paper not only specifies the current situation of M-learning adoption, but also develops factors influencing m-learning adoption to enrich our insight and understanding of m-learning adoption – which help to undertake and promote future empirical Research.
Across-Industry Specialization as a Result of Capital Accumulation? Reconsidering the Success of the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek Model

A capital abundant country exports capital services and imports labor services. This HOV prediction could be obtained from either across-industry or within-industry specialization once factor trade is measured bilaterally with producer countries’ techniques. This paper studies how much across-industry specialization contributes to the recent evidence for the HOV model. I find that Davis and Weinstein’s (2001) successful specifications depend exclusively on withinindustry specialization: a capital abundant country employs capital-intensive techniques across all industries and any products exported from that country embody more capital than labor (Schott, 2004). In addition, this structure of techniques is conditional on the factor-neutral TFP adjustments. The unadjusted data on capital techniques has converged across countries. The Heckscher-Ohlin models allowing capital mobility (e.g., Mundell, 1957; Helpman, 1984) appear to be consistent with the global data.
The potential protective role of coenzyme q10 on the cyclophosphamide-induced lung toxicity in adult male albino rats: a histological and ultrastructural study

Background: Cyclophosphamide is anticancer and immunosuppressant agent used to treat malignant and autoimmune diseases. Its long-term use causes side effects, as infertility and pulmonary toxicity. Coenzyme Q10; the only synthesized antioxidant in human body, acts as powerful antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Aim of present study was to examine effect of coenzyme Q10 on blood biochemical profiles, histopathological changes in lungs of adult rats exposed to cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity.Methods: 36 adult male albino rats divided into four groups; control and three experimental each having 9 rats. First experimental group received coenzyme Q10, second received cyclophosphamide while third group received coenzyme Q10 along with cyclophosphamide. Experiment lasted for 7 days. On 8th day, animals were sacrificed by decapitation. Lung tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination. SOD (superoxide dismutase) and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels were determined and used for statistical analysis. Results: In coenzyme Q10 treated group, H&E stained sections revealed normal respiratory alveoli. Ultrathin sections revealed normal alveolar septa, pneumocyte and blood capillaries contain erythrocytes. In cyclophosphamide treated group, H&E stained sections revealed peribronchial and interstitial fibrosis. Ultrathin sections revealed alveoli having apparent free lumen with extravasated erythrocytes. Alveolar septa revealed collagen fibrils deposits, and proliferated fibroblasts. In combined coenzyme Q10 and cyclophosphamide treated group, H&E stained sections revealed marked decrease of inter-alveolar tissue thickening. Ultrathin sections revealed destructed alveolar septa with dissociated remnants of collagen fibrils. Blood capillaries appeared wide, containing monocytes and erythrocytes.Conclusions: Administration of coenzyme Q10 with cyclophosphamide is advised to alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced lung toxicity.
Online Learning Environment Design: A Heuristic Evaluation

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of using a heuristic evaluation to evaluate the quality of and suggest improvements to an online learning environment. The website evaluated in this study is a resilience training website targeting doctoral students in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Findings from the heuristics evaluation are shown to provide a baseline of potential human factors issues related to user experience with the website and to suggest some preliminary design recommendations. Implications of utilizing a heuristic evaluation to improve the user-centered design of an online learning environment are further discussed.
ON TAYLOR-SERIES APPROXIMATION OF THE RESPONSE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON A TWO LAYERED EARTH MODEL WITH A CONDUCTIVE OVERBURDEN

We investigate the structure of a two layered earth by presenting a mathematical model of electromagnetic response. The integral expressions provide the electric fields on the ground surface, and Taylor-series expansion are used to find the solution of the electric field. Numerical solutions are computed and plotted to show the behaviors of the electric field while some parameters are assigned approximately. The responses of electric field from the ground surface are influenced by the conductivity of overburden.
Title Influence maximization in noncooperative social networks

In this paper, we consider the problem of maxi­ mizing information propagation with noncooperative nodes in social networks. We generalize the linear threshold model to take node noncooperation into consideration and provide a prov­ able approximation guarantees for the noncooperative inßuence maximization problem. We propose an analytical model based on the generalized maximum ßow problem to characterize the noncooperative behavior of an individual node in maximizing inßuence. Based on this, we develop a new seed node selection strategy, under the linear threshold model, to account for user noncooperativeness. Extensive simulations on large collaboration networks show that our proposed ßow-based strategy outper­ forms the weighted degree scheme under various noncooperative scenarios. The evaluation also validates the importance of coop­ eration and incentives in maximizing inßuence.
Evaluating admission procedures for teacher education in Finland

In Finland the number of applicants for elementary teacher education is many times greater than the number of accepted persons. In this article we focus on the significance of the entrance examination procedures at three Finnish universities. Our findings imply that the differing admission procedures at the institutions yielded different student profiles. The test component “mathematics-science” used on the entrance examination in Turku was found to be a significant separating factor, but also the applicants’ mathematics achievement in upper secondary school seems to be an applicable criterion for developing admission procedures.
Functional Economic Regions, Accessibility and Regional Development

In this paper, we first present how one can create functional economic regions. Then, we elaborate on the economic activity and spatial interaction, which forms functional regions, and the development of the system of functional regions. Our presentation shows that the economy is structured in functional regions, and hence it is important to use functional regions in economic studies, in order to produce correct results, and for regional policy, in order for the policy to be effective. We observe, that the often used NUTS-regions are very large compared to the functional regions. We argue, therefore, that the use of NUTS-regions ought to be replaced by the use of functional regions. This would lead to more reliable results and better policy outcomes.
Mobility, Animal Source Foods and Micronutrient Needs Among African Pastoralists

Many mobile pastoral populations depend on livestock to provide animal source foods (ASF: meat, blood and animal fat, milk and milk products) for direct consumption or sale for income. Relative to other foods, ASF contain high levels of bioavailable micronutrients such as iron, zinc, iodine and vitamin A, and ASF consumption in moderate amounts has been shown to promote healthy physical and cognitive development and child survival. Nutrition scientists and policy makers have therefore suggested that ASF are a potentially efficient, effective, and sustainable means to reduce major nutrient deficiencies at community and national level. Historically marginal to global economic development discourse, mobile pastoralist populations have become a recent focus of attention as key producers of ASF at the local, regional, national and global level. This paper briefly examines selected data on ASF consumption, micronutrient deficiency, household food insecurity and under-nutrition among mobile pastoralists in subSaharan Africa and identifies key challenges for micronutrient needs assessment and nutrition programming to boost ASF production and consumption among mobile African pastoralists.
Methanolic Extract of Clinacanthus nutans Leaves can Alter AdipocyteCellularity, Inflammation and Acetyl Cholinesterase Activity in Male ObeseMice

Background: The adverse effects of obesity on human health necessitate the development of effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Mixture of natural products, including crude extracts and isolated pure natural compounds can cause a body weight reduction and prevent diet-induced obesity. Consequently, they have been widely utilized in treating obesity. Methods: A total of sixty imprinting control region (ICR) male mice (39.01 ± 1.03 g BW) were divided into six groups (10 per group) and randomly assigned to either a Normal diet (ND), High fat diet (HFD)+normal saline, HFD +Orlistat (15.9 mg/kg BW/day), HFD+CN500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg BW/day, and fed daily for three weeks. Adipose cellularity was determined by histological methods (Haematoxylin and Eosin), whereas plasma lipid profiles were measured by using a Hitachi 902 automatic clinical analyzer, meanwhile cytokines with a Benchmark Plus Microplate Spectrophotometer (RT-2100C) and AChE was detected in muscle and heart by using acetylcholine as a substrate. Results: Mice supplemented with HFD+CN1000 and 1500 mg/kg had significantly lower adipocyte area, size, and diameter compared to those fed other diets. The mean adipocyte number of mice supplemented with C. nutans was significantly lower compared to the control groups. Mice fed HFD+CN1500 mg/kg had a greater adipocyte cell count compared with those supplemented with HFD+CN1000 and 500 mg/kg. Supplementation of C. nutans reduced plasma total cholesterol in mice. Diets had no effect on plasma lipid profile. High dose of methanolic extract have more ant obesity properties with better effects on adipocyte cellularity, cytokines, acetylcholinestrase than low dose. In addition, The C. nutans fed mice exhibited decrease but non-significant (P>0.05) in leptin, meanwhile the acetyl cholinesterase activity in the heart and muscle was greater in mice fed C. nutans compared with control groups. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of C. nutans leaves can preclude diet-induced obesity.
Stock Evaluation Based on Factor Analysis and Clustering

The purpose of this paper is to assess the value of listed companies. We used R software for factor analysis and Kmeans clustering to analyze the eight financial indicators of these companies. Our innovation was to use the most simplified and the most condensed indexes for decision making. The comprehensive results of the two methods show that the sample stock is divided into three categories. Combining CAPM model, we put forward two investment strategies suitable for long-term and short-term investors respectively. Keywords—factor analysis; clustering; Stock evaluation
La Niña episodes . Recent AdvAnces in the histoRicAl climAtology of the tRopics And subtRopics

I n comparison with the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, the nature of long-term climatic variability in the tropics and subtropics is poorly understood. This is due primarily to a lack of meteorological data. Few tropical countries have continuous records extending back much further than the late nineteenth century. Within Africa, for example, records become plentiful for Algeria in the 1860s and for South Africa in the 1880s (Nicholson et al. 2012a,b). In India, a network of gauging stations was established by the 1870s (Sontakke et al. 2008). However, despite the deliberations of the Vienna Meteorological Congress of 1873, for many other nations, systematic meteorological data collection began only in the very late nineteenth or early twentieth century. To reconstruct climate parameters for years prior to the instrumental period, it is necessary to use proxy indicators, either “manmade” or natural. The most important of these for the recent historical past are documents such as weather diaries (Fig. 1), newspapers (Fig. 2), personal correspondence, government records, and ships’ logs (Bradley 1999; Carey 2012). These materials, often housed in archival collections, are unique sources of climate information. They may include very early instrumental observations, which, if extensive and of national or regional significance, may require data rescue efforts. More commonly, they contain first-hand descriptions of weather conditions and/or accounts of weatherdependent natural phenomena. Such descriptive documentary data (Brázdil et al. 2005) require careful Fig. 1. Personal journal entry describing heavy rain and cold conditions in coastal eastern Madagascar on 9 and 10 Dec 1817, written by the British Agent to Madagascar, Mr. James Hastie (Mauritius National Archive HB 10-01, Journal of Mr Hastie, from 14 Nov 1817 to 26 May 1818).
Recognition of Projects for Service Organizations Based on Customer Expected and Perceived Quality, and Customer Experience

Since its introduction by Motorola in the 1980s, Six Sigma have found widespread application in many manufacturing industries, where its application to service sectors has not been widespread mainly due to the lack of methods and tools appropriate to service process. One of the key aims of six sigma is the recognition of relevant problems aligned with a company strategy and that are relevant to achieve its mission. The general problems related with internal issues like defects and waste to achieve product quality and time delivery. On the other hand, the relevant objectives of service sectors are customer satisfaction and loyalty. Due to the different goals on manufacturing and service sectors, procedures to recognize problems in service industries toned to be developed. This piece of work proposes a toolkit to support the recognition of projects from a different perspective. It proposes the use of different service quality models aimed to service organizations to integrate customer experience tools and ServQual. The proposed Toolkit is developed through the following five stages: 1) collect voice of customer (VOC) and voice of process (VOP); 2) analyze the information; 3) recommend actions; 4) identify and classify projects; 5) prioritize. The recognition phase is based on two dimensions: a) service quality; and c) customer experience. The toolkit developed provides a framework that incorporates customer experience tools to widen the application of six sigma in service industries. The framework and toolkit were tested in the International Lean Six Sigma ITESM-BMGI Certification Program. The results of its application are presented and discussed and future work is proposed.