Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estudo Acústico de Tubos de Dimensões Idênticas e Materiais Diferentes Utilizando Bocais de Flauta Doce e Flauta Transversal.

Even though scientists have shown so far that the materials used in the construction of flutes has little interference in their respective sound characteristics, it seems that there is more to be discussed, because many musicians still insist that the material used in the construction of flutes influences significantly the sound produced. Thus, aiming to search for results that can contribute in this discussion, an acoustic study was carried out with three pairs of tubes of identical dimensions, being two of them made of aluminum, two made of copper and two made of brass. The purpose of the study was to compare their respective harmonics sounds in three similar experiments: (Experiment 1) tubes coupled to a treble (alto) recorder mouthpiece, Yamaha branded, played by a flute player; (Experiment 2) tubes coupled to a transverse flute mouthpiece, in carbon fiber, specially built for this study, played by another flutist; (Experiment 3) tubes coupled to the same treble (alto) recorder mouthpiece, Yamaha branded, played by an artificial blower powered by a cylinder of nitrogen gas (99.9% of purity) with a controlled and continuous flow. Three audio signals were captured from each tube in each experiment, on a total of 54 measures. After data selection, in order to exclude parameters, only data with 2 liters/min of flow from Experiment 3 (6 measures) was processed and analyzed due to its best quality, best stability and greater accuracy in relation to data obtained in Experiments 1 and 2. Thus, it was observed that the fundamental sound and the first two harmonics sounds emitted by each tube were the factors that determined the profile of the sound emitted by the flutes used in this work. From a more detailed analysis of the frequency distribution adjusted with Lorentzian, it was found that the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of these factors determined the sound characteristic of each of the metals used. In addition, it was found that, from the realized experiments with fixed parameters (temperature, air humidity, gas flow, gas type, geometry and dimensions of the mouthpieces and tubes), that only type of material was the only factor that determines the profile of the sound produced by the flutes used in this work.
Novel synthesis of poly(benzoin) and poly(benzil). Characterization and application as photosensitizer materials

New photoactive polymers containing benzoin or benzil groups have been prepared by condensation of terephthalaldehyde. The influence of the alkali metal ions and solvents used upon the progress of polycondensation and yield of poly(benzoin)1 were studied. Oxidation of this polymer by nitric acid or ammonium nitrate in acetic acid afforded the corresponding poly(benzil)2 in quantitative yield. The resulting polymers were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and UV/visible spectral data, and characterized using viscometry, DTA measurements, thermogravimetric and X-ray analysis. The photosensitizing property of the prepared polymers was detected by fluorescence. It was found that irradiation of poly(benzoin) in DMSO solution at 285 nm causes yellow fluorescence whereas poly(benzil) does not display fluorescence at the same excitation wavelength. Moreover, the use of poly(benzil) as photosensitizer material in the photochemical cleavage of thiourea and its derivatives was also studied.
Crystalline forms of isotactic polypropylene

The X-ray diffraction patterns of two crystalline forms of isotactic polypropylene, the β- and γ-forms distinct from the α-form described by NATTA1, have been recorded. The β-form, previously observed only as single spherulites6 has now been obtained in a well crystalline polymer, practically free of α-form. The γ-form is obtained, free of α-form, in stereoblock fractions taken over the range 35–70°C. from normal commercial polypropylenes; the γ-form is formed after cooling from the melt. The conditions for the production of the two forms and their melting behaviour, have been investigated by X-rays. Oriented fibres were not obtained in either form as conversion to α-form took place on drawing. Both forms have a ternary helical chain configuration. The derivation of the unit cells of the β- and γ-forms from X-ray photographs of unoriented specimens has been attempted and speculations have been made as to the packing of the helices in both forms. There are at least six and possibly twelve helical chains in the pseudohexagonal unit cell of the β-form; the unit cell of the γ-form is triclinic.
Resistance switching in a single-crystalline NiO thin film grown on a Pt0.8Ir0.2 electrode

A single-crystalline NiO thin film was grown epitaxially on an atomically flat Pt0.8Ir0. 2 bottom electrode layer grown epitaxially on a SrTiO3(100) substrate. The memory cells of the single-crystalline NiO thin film with Pt top electrodes showed unipolar resistance switching behaviors. The result demonstrates that a unipolar resistance switching is not a characteristic phenomenon in the polycrystalline NiO but it can also occur in the single-crystalline NiO.
APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN IN THE FORMULATION OF METHYL CELLULOSE-BASED HYDROGELS

The aim of this work was to study the properties of methylcellulose hydrogels with supplements containing chitosan and 1% hydrocortisone. Depending on the composition of the substrate, gels are characterised by a variety of pharmaceutical availabilities. Increasing the concentration of chitosan has an influence on increasing the viscosity, hardness, and cohesiveness of the tested gels.
The role of imageability and frequency in language production and comprehension in first-episode and early-course psychosis

This study is an overview of language production and the comprehension of associations depending on the lexical-semantic imageability and frequency features in subjects with first-episode and early-course psychosis. Concepts with low values of lexical-semantic feature imageability, unlike those with high imageability, demand greater cognitive effort in the creation of their mental image and their activation in the semantic memory. This study included two tests, a forced-choice language comprehension test and an elicited association production test, which were constructed for the purpose of the study on the basis of an existing database of psycholinguistic lexical-semantic features (Erdeljac et al., 2018). Twelve subjects diagnosed with first-episode early-course psychosis were recruited, as well as 12 healthy subjects as a control group. It was confirmed that the target group, the subjects with first-episode and early-course psychosis, processes language differently with regards to the imageability feature in the production test. The patient group had longer reaction times on both imageability conditions in relation to the control group, but while the control group had shorter reaction times on highly imageable words, the patient group’s reaction times did not differ on account of the imageability condition. In the comprehension test, the patient group had overall longer reaction times independently of the imageability condition. Furthermore, in the comprehension test, both groups statistically more often chose associations that were of high and medium frequency, when compared to low frequency words, and the target group had longer reaction times on highand medium-frequency words than on low-frequency words. The results analysis was conducted according to current psycholinguistic theories and further validate the theory that subjects with schizophrenia have increased activation and decreased inhibition in the spreading of activation in the semantic memory during language processing.
Cell division blockage: but this time by a surprisingly conserved protein

Activation of DNA repair proteins is often accompanied by an arrest in cell division. Several proteins have been identified that regulate the division blockage associated with the SOS response. When Bacillus subtilis cells become genetically competent they also activate DNA repair proteins and stop dividing. In this issue of Molecular Microbiology, Briley et al., 2011 describe a new protein involved in this process. This protein, Maf, does not prevent FtsZ polymerization, but it inhibits synthesis of the division septum. What is fascinating about Maf is that it is conserved and can be found in all kingdoms of life.
Impaired SIRT1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in the senescent heart during ischemic stress

A “longevity” gene, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), can attenuate age‐dependent induction of left ventricular dysfunction. This study aimed to characterize the role of SIRT1 in the tolerance of aged heart to ischemic insults. Male C57BL/6 young (4–6 mo) and aged (24–26 mo) mice were used to determine the role of SIRT1 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) tolerance. SIRT1 localization was assessed by confocal microscopy. Immunoblotting was used to evaluate SIRT1 expression and translocation. The results demonstrated that SIRT1 is expressed predominantly as a sumoylated form in cardiomyocyte nuclei. Moreover, cardiac overexpression of desumoylase, sentrin‐specific protease 2 (SENP2), significantly reduces nuclear sumoylated SIRT1 levels (P<0.05). Interestingly, I/R stress leads to desumoylation and translocation of nuclear SIRT1 into the cytoplasm in aged but not in young hearts. SIRT1 activity in ischemic young hearts was 3.2‐fold higher than that seen in ischemic aged hearts, which suggests that aging causes impaired nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and activation of SIRT1 during ischemic stress. The infarct size in aged and Sirt1+/– knockout hearts was higher than that observed in young and Sirt1+/+ WT littermate hearts, respectively (all P<0.05). SIRT1 agonist, SRT1720, reduced myocardial infarction in both aged and Sirt1+/– hearts. Therefore, impaired cardiac SIRT1 activity plays a critical role in the observed increase in susceptibility of the aged heart to I/R injury. SIRT1 agonist can restore this aging‐related loss of cardioprotection. — Tong, C. , Morrison, A. , Mattison, S. , Qian, S. , Bryniarski, M. , Rankin, B. , Wang, J., Thomas, D.P., Li, J. Impaired SIRT1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in the senescent heart during ischemic stress. FASEB J. 27, 4332–4342 (2013). www.fasebj. org
A new treatment of nonadiabatic dynamics: Application to the determination of the He++H2→He+H+H+ differential cross section

The dynamics of the dissociative charge exchange reaction He++H2(v⩽4)→He+H+H+ is investigated theoretically at a relative collision energy ranging from 2 eV to 10 eV. Because of the weakness of the nonadiabatic couplings involved in this process, it has been possible to use a new method, which consists in dividing the theoretical treatment in two parts; a semiclassical coupled wave packet method describes the charge exchange between He+ and H2, while the dynamics of the dissociation of H2+ in the presence of the He atom is handled classically. The time dependent description of the reaction provides a simple interpretation of the strong dependence of the cross section with the collision energy and the initial vibrational excitation of H2. It is shown that the reaction mechanism is qualitatively different for the different initial vibrational quantum states of H2. An interesting dynamical effect is observed in the v=0 case; the H+ ions are scattered primarily in the forward direction relative to the initial.
Utilisation de sondes pyréniques in vivo pour caractériser l'état de phase global de la membrane plasmique de cellules eucaryotes : application à la détection de la liaison d'agonistes au récepteur "delta" opioïde murin

Le developpement d'outils performants de criblage de nouvelles molecules capables d'induire une reponse cellulaire identique a celle d'un ligand (agoniste/ antagoniste, etc.), est un enjeu important pour la recherche pharmaceutique. Les principales cibles utilisees aujourd'hui sont les recepteurs trans-membranaires couples aux proteines G (RCPG), dont l'activation declenche une cascade de reactions intracellulaires (signalisation) regulant des fonctions essentielles de la cellule. L'objectif de ce travail de these est la detection de l'initiation de la signalisation cellulaire par spectrometrie de fluorescence pour le recepteur d opioide murin (mDOR) qui induit un changement conformationnel responsable d'un epaississement de sa partie transmembranaire lors de la signalisation, au niveau de la membrane plasmique de cellules eucaryotes in vivo. Ce changement est suppose generer des modifications de phase lipidique de la membrane plasmique lors de cette interaction RCPG/agoniste, avec des redistributions locales de certains lipides comme le cholesterol, conduisant a la generation d'une phase liquide-ordonnee (lo). Pour cela deux nouvelles sondes fluorescentes membranaires de la famille des Pyrenecholesterol ont ete synthetisees, le 3b-hydroxy-pregn-5-ene-21-(1-methylpyrenyl)-20-one 1 et le 3b- hydroxy-pregn-5-ene-21-(1-methylpyrenyl)-20-methylidene 2. Dans un premier temps la comparaison du comportement de ces sondes vis-a-vis du cholesterol a ete analysee dans differentes membranes modeles phospholipidiques. Les donnees de microcalorimetrie et de RMN-2H indiquent que ces composes induisent des perturbations des lipides comparables a celle du cholesterol. Les donnees d'absorption, combinees a la propriete hypochromique du chromophore pyrene, ont permis de mettre en evidence un comportement autoassociatif de ces sondes. Nous extrapolons ce resultat a celui du cholesterol car des simulations en dynamique moleculaire deduisaient cette meme associativite. Nous retrouvons qu'elle augmente avec le degre d'insaturation des chaines acyles et qu'elle diminue quand la quantite de cholesterol croit (plus grande miscibilite des sondes dans les membranes enrichies en cholesterol). Dans un deuxieme temps la sensibilite du spectre d'emission de fluorescence a la polarite de l'environnement a ete verifiee et mise a profit dans des membranes modeles pour discriminer les membranes en phase ld de celles en phase lo (ou la polarite du coeur de la membrane est plus faible). Enfin, l'incorporation de la sonde 2 dans la membrane plasmique de cellules vivantes CHO qui sur-expriment mDOR, a permit le suivi dans le temps, par spectrofluorimetrie et microspectrofluorimetrie, de la perturbation de phase induite par un agoniste de ce recepteur. Les bases d'un criblage selectif sont donc posees.
Handbook of Carcinogenic Potency and Genotoxicity Databases

Carcinogenic Potency Database, L. Swirsky Gold, T.H. Slone, N.B. Manley, G. Backman Garfinkel, L. Rohrbach, and B.N. Ames Methods for the Carcinogenic Potency Database Guide to the Plot of the Carcinogenic Potency Database Plot of Cancer Test Results Appendices of Codes and Definitions Carcinogenicity Bibliography Carcinogenicity Bibliography - NCI/NTP Technical Reports Carcinogenicity Bibliography - General Literature Summary of Carcinogenic Potency Database by Target Organ, L. Swirsky Gold, N.B. Manley, and T.H. Slone Summary of Carcinogenic Potency Database by Chemical, L. Swirsky Gold, T.H. Slone, and B.N. Ames Summary of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Rats and Mice Summary of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Hamsters Summary of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Nonhuman Primates and Dogs Overview and Update of Analyses of the Carcinogenic Potency Database, L. Swirsky Gold, T.H. Slone, and B.N. Ames Genotoxicity Database, E. Zeiger Description of Genotoxicity Tests Table of Genotoxicity Results Genotoxicity Bibliography Index of Chemical Names in the Carcinogenic Potency (CPDB) and Genotoxicity (GT) Databases by Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number
Über die Auswirkung von Scherbelastung auf das rheologische und elektrische Verhalten von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen / Epoxid Suspensionen

By means of combined rheological, electrical, and optical measurements the agglomeration behaviour of carbon nanotubes/epoxy-suspensions is evaluated. Irreversible structural changes ( ” initial shear effect“) caused by high shear rates are explained with respect to colloid theory. As a consequence dynamical percolation theory is critically discussed assuming secondary agglomeration to be the main reason for the high conductivity values reached in cured composites.
Reconfigurable power amplifiers for handset applications

to handle the evolving wireless communication systems. To meet the stringent requirements of the systems, digitally enhanced linear Power Amplifiers (PAs) have received considerable attention because of their digital flexibility and capability. In this paper, we review the key architectures in this area: the delta-sigma digitized polar transmitter and the Envelope Tracking (ET) technique for multimode operation. The broadband PA is also described for multiband operation with an ET transmitter. The multimode and multiband operation of the broadband PA is demonstrated. This paper covers the basic concepts of flexible PA architectures and their current research status.
Characterization of the Molecular Basis of Group II Intron RNA Recognition by CRS1-CRM Domains*

CRM (chloroplast RNA splicing and ribosome maturation) is a recently recognized RNA-binding domain of ancient origin that has been retained in eukaryotic genomes only within the plant lineage. Whereas in bacteria CRM domains exist as single domain proteins involved in ribosome maturation, in plants they are found in a family of proteins that contain between one and four repeats. Several members of this family with multiple CRM domains have been shown to be required for the splicing of specific plastidic group II introns. Detailed biochemical analysis of one of these factors in maize, CRS1, demonstrated its high affinity and specific binding to the single group II intron whose splicing it facilitates, the plastid-encoded atpF intron RNA. Through its association with two intronic regions, CRS1 guides the folding of atpF intron RNA into its predicted “catalytically active” form. To understand how multiple CRM domains cooperate to achieve high affinity sequence-specific binding to RNA, we analyzed the RNA binding affinity and specificity associated with each individual CRM domain in CRS1; whereas CRM3 bound tightly to the RNA, CRM1 associated specifically with a unique region found within atpF intron domain I. CRM2, which demonstrated only low binding affinity, also seems to form specific interactions with regions localized to domains I, III, and IV. We further show that CRM domains share structural similarities and RNA binding characteristics with the well known RNA recognition motif domain.
Trading on Home Price Risk: Index Derivatives and Home Equity Insurance

Recent developments of public sector welfare systems and financial markets offer new incentives as well as new opportunities for households to make active financial decisions. New financial instruments and better functioning markets facilitate hedging health and income risks. The well informed and rational individual can now actively trade off risk against expected returns. Still some of the major risks in life remain difficult to affect, those associated with housing choices being perhaps the most conspicuous example. For most households buying their home is the major investment in life and the home is the major asset in the wealth portfolio of most households. But this is an investment driven by consumption motives rather than by risk-and-return considerations. Households choose to own because the ownership market offers them more flexibility of choice and because owning solves some basic agency problems that are not well handled by a rental contract. Households choose the amount of housing investment out of consumption needs rather than by thinking about optimal portfolio composition. As a result many households end up with very unbalanced portfolios with several hundred percent of their net wealth invested in real estate. While this might be optimal from a risk-and-return perspective for some households, it is certainly not universally so.
Molecular genetic investigations of patients with defects in steroid hormone production

Das Gesamtziel dieser Arbeit bestand in der Erforschung des Genotyps sowohl von Patienten, die an Aldosteronsynthasedefizienz erkrankt sind, als auch von Patienten, die unter Storungen der Cortisolsynthase wahrend der Biosynthese der Steroidhormone leiden. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wurden die Mutationen in der genomische DNA von beiden Patientengruppen bestimmt. Die Sequenzanalyse des CYP11B1/CYP11B2 Gens zeigten, dass insgesamt sechs neue Mutationen bei den vier Patienten mit Aldosteronsynthase Defizienz auftraten; eine Mutation wurde bereits bei dem Patienten mit CAH der Cortisoldefizienz gefunden. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit umfasst die Analyse der gefundenen Mutationen. Dafur wurden die CYP11B-Mutanten in COS-1 und HCT116 Zellen expremiert und auf veranderte funktionelle Eigenschaften hin untersucht. Die Kombination aus Zellkulturexperimenten und dem 3-D Computermodell konnte zur Klarung der phenotypische Charakteristika der Patienten fuhren. The overall goal of this work consisted in investigations of the genotype of patients suffering from aldosterone synthase deficiency and patients with cortisol synthase disorders on the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. The aim of the first part of this work was to detect mutations in genomic DNA of patients with aldosterone synthase deficiency, and cortisol synthase disorders. Sequence analysis of the CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene revealed that six new mutations were detected from the four patients with aldosterone synthase deficiency; one mutation was found before in the patient with CAH of cortisol deficiency. The second part of this work consisted in analyzing effects of detected mutations of CYP11Bs by expressing the mutant proteins in the COS-1 and HCT116 cells. The combination of the functional analysis of the enzyme in the cell culture and 3-D computer model study may explain phenotypical characteristics of the patient.
Mapping hydrocarbon charge-points in the Wessex Basin using seismic, geochemistry and mineral magnetics

This study reports a multidisciplinary approach to determining hydrocarbon charge-points and migration in the Wessex Basin, southern England. Geochemical analysis of reservoir core material (Bridport Sandstone and Inferior Oolite) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), suggests that the oil in the Wessex Basin is from a single source, and that small variations in environmentally sensitive biomarkers are likely due to small differences in maturity or depositional conditions during the formation of the oil over millions of years. Using seismic data, basin modelling revealed two potential hydrocarbon migration pathways from the hanging wall of the Purbeck fault into the Sherwood Sandstone reservoir at Wytch Farm. One of these potential pathways is represented by cores termed Creech and the other Bushey Farm. To try to distinguish between the two potential pathways, cores were studied using mineral magnetic techniques. The magnetic signature was characterised using low-temperature (< 50 K) magnetic measurements; this is because much of the magnetic signature was dominated by nanoparticles < 30 nm, which are thermally activated at room temperature and magnetically “transparent”. Wells that contained considerable amounts of hydrocarbons were dominated by nanometric magnetite (< 30 nm). Such particles are small enough to migrate with the oil, through pore spaces, which are of the order ~100 nm. Wells located at the fringes of large hydrocarbon accumulation had enhanced pyrrhotitedominated magnetic signals. Of the two potential migration pathways, the mineral magnetic results suggest that the oil migrated through Creech rather than through Bushey Farm.