Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proteasome Inhibition as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Neoplasmatic Diseases

The 26S proteasome is a large intracellular protease that identifies and degrades proteins tagged for destruction by the ubiquitin system. The orderly degradation of cellular proteins is critical for normal cell cycling and function, and inhibition of the proteasome pathway results in cell−cycle arrest and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this enzymat− ic system may also play a role in tumor progression, drug resistance, and altered immune surveillance, making the proteasome an appropriate and novel therapeutic target in cancer. Bortezomib is the first proteasome inhibitor to enter clinical practice. It is a boronic aid dipeptide that binds directly with and inhibits the enzymatic complex. Bortezomib has recently shown significant preclinical and clinical activity in several cancers, confirming the ther− apeutic value of proteasome inhibition in human malignancy. It was approved in 2003 for the treatment of advanced multiple myeloma (MM), with approximately one third of patients with relapsed and refractory MM showing sig− nificant clinical benefit in a large clinical trial. Its mechanism of action is partly mediated through nuclear factor− kappa B inhibition, resulting in apoptosis, decreased angiogenic cytokine expression, and inhibition of tumor cell adhesion to stroma. Several clinical trials are currently ongoing in MM as well as several other malignancies. This article discusses proteasome inhibition as a novel therapeutic target in cancer and focuses on the development, mech− anism of action, and current clinical experience with bortezomib (Adv Clin Med 2006, 15, 2, 309–320).
University of Dundee Restorative Thresholds for Carious Lesions

19 Current evidence supports non-invasive/non-restorative treatment of “early” carious lesions, i.e. those confined 20 to enamel or reaching the enamel-dentin junction. The extent that dentists’ thresholds for intervening 21 restoratively have changed in line with this evidence is unknown. A systematic review to determine dentists’ and 22 therapists’ current lesion threshold for carrying our restorative interventions in adults/children and 23 primary/permanent teeth), was registered and carried out. Embase, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science 24 were searched for observational studies, without language, time or quality restrictions. Screening and data 25 extraction were independent and in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analysis with subgroup and meta26 regression analysis was performed. Thirty studies, mainly involving dentists, met the inclusion criteria. There was 27 heterogeneity in the sampling frames, methods and scales used to investigate thresholds. The studies spanned 28 30 years (1983-2014) and sample representativeness and response bias issues were likely to have affected the 29 results. Studies measured what dentists said they would do rather than actually did. Studies represented 17 30 countries, focussing mainly on adults (n=17) and permanent teeth (n=24). For proximal carious lesions confined 31 to enamel (not reaching enamel-dentin junction), 21% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15;28) of dentists/therapists 32 would intervene invasively. The likelihood of a restorative intervention almost doubled (risk ratio 1.98 [95%CI 33
Biodepression of pyrite using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in seawater

In Cu-Mo deposits it is usual to find considerable amounts of pyrite (FeS2). When processing this kind of ore by flotation, pyrite is rejected using lime to increase the pH to alkaline conditions (pH ∼ 10–12). In the case of using seawater without pre-processing (raw seawater), the lime consumption increases dramatically and the recovery of molybdenite drops due to the precipitation of secondary ions (e.g. magnesium, sulfate, calcium and bicarbonate) on its surface. In order to avoid these negative effects, alternative ways of depressing pyrite should
Patterns and drivers of dimethylsulfide concentration in the northeast subarctic Pacific across multiple spatial and temporal scales

Abstract. The northeast subarctic Pacific (NESAP) is a globally important source of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), yet the processes driving DMS variability across this region are poorly understood. Here we examine the spatial distribution of DMS at various spatial scales in contrasting oceanographic regimes of the NESAP. We present new high-spatial-resolution measurements of DMS across hydrographic frontal zones along the British Columbia continental shelf, together with key environmental variables and biological rate measurements. We combine these new data with existing observations to produce a revised summertime DMS climatology for the NESAP, yielding a broader context for our sub-mesoscale process studies. Our results demonstrate sharp DMS concentration gradients across hydrographic frontal zones and suggest the presence of two distinct DMS cycling regimes in the NESAP, corresponding to microphytoplankton-dominated waters along the continental shelf and nanoplankton-dominated waters in the cross-shelf transitional zone. DMS concentrations across the continental shelf transition (range < 1–10 nM, mean 3.9 nM) exhibited positive correlations to salinity (r=0.80), sea surface height anomaly (SSHA; r=0.51), and the relative abundance of prymnesiophyte and dinoflagellates (r=0.89). In contrast, DMS concentrations in nearshore coastal transects (range < 1–24 nM, mean 6.1 nM) showed a negative correlation with salinity (r=-0.69; r=-0.78) and SSHA (r=-0.81; r=-0.75) and a positive correlation to relative diatom abundance (r=0.88; r=0.86). These results highlight the importance of bloom-driven DMS production in continental shelf waters of this region and the role of prymnesiophytes and dinoflagellates in DMS cycling further offshore. In all areas, the rate of DMS consumption appeared to be an important control on observed concentration gradients, with higher DMS consumption rate constants associated with lower DMS concentrations. We compiled a data set of all available summertime DMS observations for the NESAP (including previously unpublished results) to examine the performance of several existing algorithms for predicting regional DMS concentrations. None of these existing algorithms was able to accurately reproduce observed DMS distributions across the NESAP, although performance was improved by the use of regionally tuned coefficients. Based on our compiled observations, we derived an average summertime distribution map for DMS concentrations and sea–air fluxes across the NESAP, estimating a mean regional flux of 0.30 Tg of DMS-derived sulfur to the atmosphere during the summer season.
Stress drop heterogeneity within tectonically complex regions : A case study of the San Gorgonio Pass region , southern California

In general, seismic slip along faults reduces the average shear-stress within earthquake source re2 gions, but individual stress drops during earthquakes are observed to vary widely in size. The 3 details of how crustal and fault properties influence variations in stress drop are poorly under4 stood. To advance our understanding of variations in stress drop, we analyze source parameters of 5 small and intermediate magnitude events within the greater San Gorgonio Pass region, southern 6 California. The tectonics within the region are controlled by a restraining bend of the San Andreas 7 fault system, which results in distributed deformation, and heterogeneous slip along numerous 8 strike-slip and thrust faults. 9 Stress drops are computed by fitting a Brune-type spectral model to individual event spectra 10 obtained through separating the observed spectra into site, path and source contributions. The lat11 ter are obtained by iteratively removing stacked site and path terms and correcting high frequency 12 contributions using a regional empirical Green’s function. The stress drop estimates show strong 13
A keratinocyte life cycle model identifies novel host genome regulation by human papillomavirus 16 relevant to HPV positive head and neck cancer

Many aspects of the HPV life cycle have been characterized in cervical cell lines (W12, CIN612) and in HPV immortalized primary foreskin keratinocytes. There is now an epidemic of HPV positive oropharyngeal cancers (HPV16 is responsible for 80-90% of these); therefore increased understanding of the HPV16 life cycle in keratinocytes is a priority. Using TERT immortalized “normal” foreskin keratinocytes (N/Tert-1) we generated clonal cell lines maintaining the HPV16 genome as an episome, N/ Tert-1+HPV16. Organotypic raft cultures demonstrated appropriate expression of differentiation markers, E1^E4 and E2 expression along with amplification of the viral genome in the upper layers of the epithelium. Using this unique system RNAseq analysis revealed extensive gene regulation of the host genome by HPV16; many of the changes have not been observed for HPV16 before. The RNA-seq data was validated on a key set of anti-viral innate immune response genes repressed by HPV16 in N/Tert-1+HPV16. We show that the behavior of these N/Tert-1+HPV16 lines is similar to HPV16 immortalized human tonsil keratinocytes with regards innate gene regulation. Finally, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data we examined gene expression patterns from HPV positive and negative head and neck cancers and demonstrate this innate immune gene signature set is also downregulated in HPV positive cancers versus negative. Our system provides a model for understanding HPV16 transcriptional regulation of keratinocytes that is directly relevant to HPV positive head and neck cancer.
AAMAS ' 06 Workshop on Hierarchical Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems

In this article we present a hierarchical model for planning and coordinating firefighting in situations such as RoboCup Rescue, where an urban earthquake is simulated. We show that a hierarchical approach brings leverage to the planning process. By using formal decision theoretic models, we also present a more formal analysis of the RoboCup Rescue domain. Finally we discuss how our model could be applied and treat further abstractions that may be necessary.
Questioning the Effectiveness of Indonesia ’ s Local Government Accountability System

This paper discusses current Indonesia’s local government accountability system which has undergone fundamental change since the reform era. Through a number of regulations, local governments now have to submit reports which include LPPD, LKPj, ILPPD, and LKPD. In line with what have been constructed by many experts, from normative perspective, those reports have the potential to facilitate a sound local government financial management and in turn, make them more accountable. Has current Indonesia’s local government accountability system been effectively implemented? Have these accountability mechanisms delivered their potential benefits as promised and constructed by many experts? In order to critically answer the questions, this study employs qualitative method with theory-driven approach. The data is mainly obtained through conducting meta-analysis through critically reviewing relevant sources or documents. Analysis goes from data reduction, to data organization and to interpretation. Research findings show that Indonesia’s existing local government accountability system has not been effectively implemented and brought all the potential benefits as calculated in both theoretical realm of accountability as well as constructed Indonesian government regulations. The findings of the study are particularly valuable in terms of filling the void on the analysis and information of current practice of local government accountability system in Indonesia’s reform era which have been marred by a number of problems, irregular and incomplete reporting, the absence of enforceability, limited capacity of local governments to produce appropriate reports, corruptive behavior of the auditors, and limited public participation.
THE IMPORTANCE OF GOVERNANCE IN BUSINESS MODELS

Interorganizational relationships help firms to create value by combining resources, developing knowledge resources and facilitating access to foreign markets. In particular, one should highlight the importance of relationships from the perspective of knowledge creation and sharing. The main theoretical paradigms used to explain the reasons behind creation of interorganizational interrelationships are as follows: transaction costs economics, resource dependence, stakeholder theory, and learning theory. Governance may be important component of interorganizational networks. The impact of governance depends on the type of network. The successful adoption of a particular form of governance in a network may be attributed to the following factors: trust, size of network, goal congruence among the network members, the nature of the task of the network.
A Linear and Non-Linear Causality Analysis between Military Expenditures and External Debt in NATO Member Countries

This paper deploys the linear and non-linear Granger causality methods in order to determine the causal relationship between military expenditures and external debt in NATO countries for the time period 1960-2015. Its innovative feature lies in the empirical application of the Francis et al. (2010) nonlinear causality test. To our knowledge, this is the first study to employ the specific test in order to explore the existence of potential nonlinear links between military spending and debt. The empirical results indicate the existence of linearity in the cases of Greece, Italy, UK and USA and the existence of nonlinearity in the cases of Turkey and USA. The paper aims to provide valuable input to the regulators and decision makers.
HIERARCHY OF WORK MOTIVES AND MOTIVATORS WITH THE AIM OF FORMING MORE EFFICIENT WORKING ENVIRONMENT UDC 159 . 9

The motivation influences the improvement of work efficiency and creativity, improvement of working life quality and successfulness of a company. In order to dobusiness successfully, every organization should take care of its employees’ needs. Satisfying the needs is one of the most important influences on motivation. The aim of this research is to determine the order of satisfying the needs which are the most significant as far as the employees’ motivation is concerned, and to determine whether the connection among the length of years of service, gender, age, professional qualifications and hierarchy of needs exists. This research is a part of a wider research whose aim has been to form more pleasant, safer and more efficient working environment and conditions. The research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in the company Port of Adria AD Bar. A specially constructed questionnaire for this purpose was being used. Interviewing was performed on 184 employees. As it was expected, the obtained results showed that salary was the biggest motivator for them.
Expression of orphan GPR 56 correlates with tumor progression in human epithelial ovarian cancer

1The Maternal Health Care and Birth Control Center of Yinan County, Linyi, Shandong, China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China; 3Second Department of Paediatrics, Shouguang People’s Hospital, Shouguang, Shandong, China; 4Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China; 5General Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; 6Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
Mathematik in den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig Detecting Phylogenetic Footprint Clusters by Optimizing Barbeques

Taking a geometric view on a problem occurring in the context of phylogenetic footprinting, we study the so-called Best Barbeque Problem. The Best Barbeque Problem asks for simultaneously stabbing a maximum number of differently colored intervals from K arrangements of colored intervals. This geometric problem leads to a combinatorial optimization problem, a decision version of which is shown to be NPcomplete. Due to its relevance in biological applications, we propose algorithmic variations that are suitable for detecting footprint clusters in some real world instances of phylogenetic footprints.
Title Model Based Clustering for Mixed Data : clustMD

Amodel based clustering procedure for data of mixed type, clustMD, is developed using a latent variable model. It is proposed that a latent variable, following a mixture of Gaussian distributions, generates the observed data of mixed type. The observed data may be any combination of continuous, binary, ordinal or nominal variables. clustMD employs a parsimonious covariance structure for the latent variables, leading to a suite of six clustering models that vary in complexity and provide an elegant and unified approach to clustering mixed data. An expectation maximisation (EM) algorithm is used to estimate clustMD; in the presence of nominal data a Monte Carlo EM algorithm is required. The clustMD model is illustrated by clustering simulated mixed type data and prostate cancer patients, on whom mixed data have been recorded.
Chapter 10 Risk factors for transfusion-related acute lung injury in ICU patients

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nalyzing the impact of knowledge management on CRM success : he mediating effects of organizational factors urora

Customer relationship management (CRM) and knowledge management (KM) have become key strategic tool for all companies, especially in the current competitive environment. Moreover, customer knowledge is an important issue for CRM implementation. Reviewing the literature, we found many studies that analyze the crucial role played by KM initiatives as determinants of the success of CRM. Moreover, we found also diverse studies that show high rates of failure when implementing that strategy, so there is
Sport Participation Motivation of Athletes with Intellectual Disabilities

Special Olympics have grown and became the largest worldwide provider of sport opportunities for individuals with intellectual disabilities. In addition, Special Olympics sport programs participation is associated with improved physical fitness and motor skills as well as increased self-esteem, self-confidence, social competence and positive self-perceptions. But there is still limited research regarding sport participation motivation in Special Olympics, so the aim of the study was to identify why individuals with intellectual disabilities have joined and continue to participate in Special Olympics program. This study evaluated sport participation motivation of 102 (60 males and 42 females) SO athletes aged 12 to 16 years (mean age 14.12, SD = 1.47). The sampling design was purposive in that participants had to meet criteria of mental retardation, to come from the same Kaunas region, and to participate in sport for 1—2 hours twice a week for a minimum 6 months. To measure sport motivation were used the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) (Pelletier et al., 1995). The Lithuanian validation of this modified sport motivation scale (SMS) for persons with mild mental retardation was done by Sajute (2002). The results showed that Special Olympics sport participants expressed significantly greater identified regulation level (extrinsic motivation) than intrinsic motivation, and the mean score of external regulation (extrinsic motivation) was higher compared to intrinsic motivation. Results showed the most motivating factors for participants was winning ribbons and medals, fun, being pretty skilled and spend time with friends. While sport participation motives of athletes with intellectual disabilities varied, they were not so different between genders. No significant differences were found between genders. Our study supported the use of self-determination theory for the evaluation of motivation for participation in Special Olympics sport programs.Keywords: intellectual disabilities, sport participation, extrinsic and external motivation.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) The unravelling of Amsterdam ' s unitary rental system

The Netherlands has traditionally been considered an iconic ‘unitary’ rental housing market in which social and private sectors directly compete. More recently however, this unitary market has been undermined by changes in the status of housing associations, the privatization of social housing stock and the promotion of home ownership. It has subsequently been suggested that the Netherlands is drifting toward a ‘dualist’ system in which social and private sectors are critically unequal. This paper takes on this claim, providing, on the one hand, palpable evidence of the waning influence of the unitary housing system in the Netherlands and, on the other, a deeper examination of processes of dualisation as well as the outcomes. We focus on Amsterdam, where housing privatization has been most intense. We specifically draw on a geospatial analysis of changing tenure distributions at the neighbourhood level as well as a household analysis of the shifting profile of tenants and home owners to show how the unitary rental market, which helped establish Amsterdam as an iconic ‘just city’, has been unraveling. We demonstrate the relevance of the unitary/dualist model to understanding contemporary urban processes, especially those featuring social and economic polarization.
Anti-Mullerian Hormone Serum Concentrations in Women with Polycystic Ovaries and Normoovulatory Women of Reproductive Age

Background: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. It may play an important role in the ovarian folliculogenesis. Objective: To study the relationship of AMH and some clinical, endocrinal and ultrasound parameters in anovulatory infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in women with normal menstrual cycles. Methods: Sera were collected from 30 PCOS anovulatory women and from 15 normal women during the early follicular phase "day 3" of the menstrual cycle, stored frozen until assayed. Results: Serum AMH concentrations were significantly (P<0.001) elevated in PCOS women (9.55±3.39 μg/liter) compared with controls (2.33±1.8 μg/liter). In PCOS patients, serum levels of AMH were correlated with features characteristics of PCOS such as LH concentrations (r=0.76, P<0.001), testosterone level (r=0.67, P<0.001), mean number of follicles (r=0.68, P<0.001) and ovarian volume (r=0.54, P<0.001). Also, AMH levels were correlated with age (r=-0.51, P<0.001) and with cycle duration (r=0.46, P<0.001). The correlation between AMH levels and FSH, estradiol or BMI were found statistically non significant. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that serum levels of AMH is elevated in PCOS patients. This may have a role in the disordered folliculogenesis characteristics of that disease.
Identification and characterization of crops through the analysis of spectral data with machine learning algorithms

This paper assesses the capability of an spectrometer used in field experiments of soybean, maize and wheat. The objective of this work is to select different wavelengths intervals of the spectral reflectance curve, within the range 632-1125 nm, as features for classification using machine learning methods. Two different classifications are presented, species selection and growth stage identification. For species classification accuracy of 92% is reached, while 99% is obtained for stage classification. In addition we propose a new index that outperforms analyzed established vegetation indices, which shows the potential advantage of using this type of devices.