Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actualización sobre la historia del virus del Papiloma Humano en Venezuela y su relación con el cáncer cervical

En octubre del ano 1971, se dio en Maracaibo, Venezuela, el VIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Patologia. Un ginecologo (Jorge Nagel) y un patologo (Elio Casale), ambos venezolanos que ejercian en Caracas, demostraron en un trabajo libre la presencia de particulas virales en unas lesiones del cuello uterino que aparecian como manchas rosadas; para ello habian utilizado el microscopio electronico (ME). Jose Trinidad Nunez Montiel era un ginecologo reconocido como colposcopista en Suecia y en Argentina, donde para la epoca iba a hablar en los congresos sobre “mosaicos” y “recuadrados”, unos terminos esotericos para casi todos los ginecologos venezolanos (en esos tiempos ni los norteamericanos le daban mucha importancia al colposcopio como arma diagnostica). JT Nunez Montiel si, el era capaz de demostrar -utilizando una pinza que abria todo el canal endocervical y usando lugol- donde estaban los focos de displasia en los sitios mas reconditos del cuello uterino. Cuando Nunez Montiel escucho lo que decian Nagel y Casale en el VIII Congreso de la SLAP, inmediatamente penso que podiamos, con la ayuda del colposcopio y de un microscopio electronico (ME), resolver el problema del origen del cancer cervical.
Electroencephalographic coherences during emotion identification task

Coherence, a measure of spectral similarity, may estimate cortical coupling between two EEG signals as a function of frequency. The coherence between EEG signals from different brain areas depends on the structural connection and functional coupling between two regions. The theory of hemispheric specialization proposes left hemisphere activation to positive emotions and right one to negative emotions. Other proposal is that right hemisphere activation occurs with emotional stimuli. In the present study EEG coherences were calculated during the presentation of the International Affective Pictures to 36 healthy male university students. The subjects’ task was to determine the valence of the stimuli. Base line recording were done with subjects observing the blank monitor. Our results showed higher coherences during the emotional condition. No differences between negative and positive emotions were obtained. Neutral pictures evoked the highest coherence values. These data suggest that coherences between functionally coupled brain areas do not reflect emotional recognition of the valence of stimuli, but they are internal indicators of different mental processes such as memory, mental effort and arousal. Our findings do not support the theory of hemispheric specialization, neither the theory of right hemisphere; rather they suggest a complex activation pattern that involves mostly frontal areas in connection with the entire cortex.
The applicability of Grinbath ’ s EyeGuide Tracker to mobile devices for usability testing

In software engineering, usability testing is a method for getting insights about the usability of a software product. Often this method results in conclusions based on qualitative data. Eye tracking methodology can be used to support these data in a quantitative way. Grinbath’s EyeGuide Tracker is an affordable eye tracker suitable for usability testing on computer systems with specific operating systems and screen resolutions. Unfortunately, these systems do not include mobile devices. In this design & creation study we investigated a possible workaround for this incompatibility. The idea is to capture the screen image of the mobile device on a conventional computer screen using a video camera. The user would then look at the computer screen (allowing the eye tracker to follow the user’s gaze) while operating the mobile device. In our study, this basic idea was tested in practice and refined through stepwise improvements, resulting in a candidate setup. Finally, a case study involving four test users was conducted to evaluate the suitability of this setup for proper usability testing. The study revealed several problems, including delayed output of the video capture, disturbances originating from incoming sunlight and artificial illumination, and multiple attempts to touch on buttons without achieving change in the interface. Although a setup matching predefined minimal criteria was obtained, it was found to be unsuitable for usability testing on mobile devices in our case study.
Refractory Otitis Media and Sinonasal Disease in a Child

A 13-year-old boy presented to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with a history of left-sided otalgia. He initially presented 3 months ago to an outside ED with left-sided otalgia accompanied by intermittent serosanguinous otorrhea. He was diagnosed with acute otitis media with tympanic membrane (TM) rupture and was treated with a 7-day course of amoxicillin, which temporarily resolved the otorrhea. Three weeks ago, he presented to another facility with continuing left-sided otalgia and newly developed bleeding from his left ear. His symptoms were attributed to trauma from a cotton applicator, and he was sent home without treatment. One week ago, he presented to his pediatrician with a 1-week history of intermittent epistaxis and fevers up to 39.1°C. He was noted to have weight loss of 7 to 10 kg over the last 3 weeks. At that time, laboratory studies were remarkable only for elevated white blood cell count of 10.48 × 10/μL, prothrombin time of 13.1 seconds, and international normalized ratio of 1.3. Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serologies were negative. Chest X-ray was normal, and sinus X-ray showed opacification and mucosal thickening. He was started on amoxicillin clavulanate for presumed sinusitis. One week later, he returned to the ED without symptomatic improvement. His symptoms on presentation included fever, fatigue, weight loss, headache, otalgia, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial pressure, epistaxis, and odynophagia. His past medical history included depression and seasonal allergies. Family history included Burkitt’s lymphoma, diabetes, hypertension, and depression. At this point, otolaryngology was consulted. Physical exam of his ears showed bilateral erythematous TMs without perforation and left middle ear effusion. Anterior rhinoscopy showed significant edema and erythema of his inferior turbinates, which were obstructing the nasal passages bilaterally. Computed tomography (CT) of the sinuses demonstrated near complete bilateral opacification of the paranasal sinuses, mastoid air cells, and middle ear space (Figure 1). He was admitted for presumed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sinus infection after failing outpatient management of sinusitis and started on intravenous ceftriaxone and clindamycin.
DNA barcoding analysis of fish species diversity in four north Greek lakes

Materials and methods: The present study is the first to apply DNA barcoding on identifying 37 freshwater fish species from the rich Balkan ichthyofauna. Results: The results are highly successful since in most cases barcodes cluster according to species, in agreement with morphological taxonomic studies. This is also evident based on mean conspecific and congeneric Kimura two-parameter distance values. The 5.6-fold difference between these values is lower than previous barcoding studies, possibly due to the restricted samplings and the recent taxonomy reevaluation for several species. A number of species were identified, where future work is needed: For the species Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Perca fluviatilis, and Rutilus rutilus, the divergence values found among conspecific populations could warrant their placement into different species; for Barbus and Rhodeus populations, the reported interspecific distances found were lower than expected; and for Cobitis species, the application of barcoding seems problematic, due to their complicated reproduction. Conclusion: The extension of this work to other Greek or even Balkan freshwater systems should clarify the situation.
Raised troponin T and echocardiographic abnormalities after prolonged strenuous exercise—the Australian Ironman Triathlon

Background: There is concern about whether cardiac damage occurs as a result of prolonged strenuous exercise. Objective: To investigate whether competing in a triathlon is associated with cardiac damage based on a sustained increase in cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and whether such an increase correlates with echocardiographic changes Methods: cTnT and echocardiographic measurements were made in 38 participants in the 2001 Australian ironman triathlon. cTnT was measured the day before, immediately after, and the day following the race. Echocardiography was done the day before, immediately after, and two to six weeks later for measurement of ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, wall motion analysis, and global left ventricular function (LVF). Results: No subject had detectable cTnT in the pre-race sample. Following the race, 32 subjects (86.5%) had detectable levels of cTnT (>0.01 ng/ml), with six (16.2%) having >0.10 ng/ml. The day after the race, nine subjects (23.7%) still had detectable cTnT, with two recording a level >0.10 ng/ml. Previously described echocardiographic changes of “cardiac fatigue” were observed in the whole cohort. There was a modest but significant correlation between change in ejection fraction and peak cTnT level (p = 0.02, r = 0.39). Athletes with a post-race cTnT >0.10 ng/ml had a greater decrease in global LVF (p = 0.02) and a trend toward a greater fall in ejection fraction and stroke volume than athletes with cTnT levels <0.10 ng/ml. Cardiac output fell in the group with cTnT >0.10 ng/ml (p>0.05). Conclusions: Participation in ironman triathlon often resulted in persistently raised cTnT levels, and the troponin rise was associated with echocardiographic evidence of abnormal left ventricular function. The clinical significance and long term sequelae of such damage remains to be determined.
Topical delivery of urea encapsulated in biodegradable PLGA microparticles: O/W and W/O creams

This study describes the formulation and characterization of O/W and W/O creams containing urea-loaded microparticles prepared with poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in order to encapsulate and stabilize urea. The solvent evaporation method was used for preparing PLGA microparticles containing urea. The microparticles size was evaluated by laser light diffractometry. The resulting microparticles were then incorporated in O/W and W/O creams and stability and the release pattern from the creams was evaluated by UV-spectrophotometry. The particle size of PLGA microparticles was in the range of 1–5 µm and most microparticles had a particle size smaller than 3 µm. The encapsulation efficiency was calculated as 40.5% ± 3.4. This study also examined release pattern of urea which varied among different formulations. The results showed that the release from O/W creams followed Higuchi kinetics while the release from W/O creams showed the zero order kinetics and the creams containing microparticulated urea had slower release than free urea creams.
On the use of digital predistortion to compensate the nonlinear effects of semiconductor optical amplifiers

In this communication we use macro-modeling and signal processing techniques in order to compensate the nonlinear effects of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) that is used in a CO-OFDM (coherent optical and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) optical transmitter. Two solutions are examined in detail: a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and a digital predistortion of the baseband signal before the optical amplification. These techniques are two complementary approaches that contribute to a better flexibility of the transmitter, which can thus operate over an extended power range.
Joint ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN Guidelines for the Management of Helicobacter pylori in Children and Adolescents (Update 2016)

Background: Because of the changing epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and low efficacy of currently recommended therapies, an update of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition/North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition recommendations for the diagnosis and management of H pylori infection in children and adolescents is required. Methods: A systematic review of the literature (time period: 2009–2014) was performed. Representatives of both societies evaluated the quality of evidence using GRADE (Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) to formulate recommendations, which were voted upon and finalized using a Delphi process and face-to-face meeting. Results: The consensus group recommended that invasive diagnostic testing for H pylori be performed only when treatment will be offered if tests are positive. To reach the aim of a 90% eradication rate with initial therapy, antibiotics should be tailored according to susceptibility testing. Therapy should be administered for 14 days, emphasizing strict adherence. Clarithromycin-containing regimens should be restricted to children infected with susceptible strains. When antibiotic susceptibility profiles are not known, high-dose triple therapy with proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and metronidazole for 14 days or bismuth-based quadruple therapy is recommended. Success of therapy should be monitored after 4 to 8 weeks by reliable noninvasive tests. Conclusions: The primary goal of clinical investigation is to identify the cause of upper gastrointestinal symptoms rather than H pylori infection. Therefore, we recommend against a test and treat strategy. Decreasing eradication rates with previously recommended treatments call for changes to first-line therapies and broader availability of culture or molecular-based testing to tailor treatment to the individual child.
Insomnia, trouble sleeping, and complementary and alternative medicine: Analysis of the 2002 national health interview survey data.

BACKGROUND Insomnia and other disorders that result in trouble sleeping are common in the United States and are often associated with chronic health conditions. Some individuals with insomnia or trouble sleeping use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies to treat their condition, but the prevalence of such use and the most common types of CAM therapies selected are not known. METHODS Prevalence of insomnia or trouble sleeping and of CAM use for treating such conditions was examined using the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between insomnia or trouble sleeping, comorbid conditions, and use of CAM treatments. RESULTS The 12-month prevalence rate of insomnia or trouble sleeping was 17.4%. There was a strong positive association between adults who reported having insomnia or trouble sleeping and adults who reported 4 of 5 common conditions: obesity (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 99% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.31), hypertension (OR, 1.32; 99% CI, 1.16-1.51), congestive heart failure (OR, 2.24; 99% CI, 1.60-3.14), and anxiety or depression (OR, 5.64; 99% CI, 5.07-6.29). Of those with insomnia or trouble sleeping, 4.5% used some form of CAM therapy to treat their condition. CONCLUSIONS According to the National Health Interview Survey analysis, over 1.6 million civilian, noninstitutionalized adult US citizens use CAM to treat insomnia or trouble sleeping. The details of this analysis will serve as a guide for future research on CAM therapies for sleep disorders.
Single institution long-term efficacy and safety analysis of abiraterone acetate (AA) in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in a named patient programme (NPP)

Abiretrone acetate (AA) administration in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) results in powerful androgen depletion and consequential reversal of the castrate-resistant state. This translates into the improved survival observed in large phase III trials, with AA given in combination with prednisone either before or after docetaxel chemotherapy.1 ,2 As wide-access studies regularly fail to replicate the same findings as those from large registrational trials, we sought to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of AA in an unselected population of patients with mCRPC that may be more representative of a real-life clinical setting.3 After publication of the CUO-AA-301 trial in 2011, and before regulatory approval by the European Medicines Agency, AA was made available in Croatia through a named patient programme (NPP), approved by the local hospital ethics committee.1 Within our institution, we prospectively reviewed clinical records of patients with mCRPC treated with AA to …
Discontinuous Galerkin Approximation of Relaxation Models for Linear and Nonlinear Diffusion Equations

In this work we present finite element approximations of relaxed systems for nonlinear diffusion problems, which can also tackle the cases of degenerate and strongly degenerate diffusion equations. Relaxation schemes take advantage of the replacement of the original partial differential equation (PDE) with a semilinear hyperbolic system of equations, with a stiff source term, tuned by a relaxation parameter $\epsilon$. When $\epsilon \rightarrow 0^+$, the system relaxes onto the original PDE: in this way, a consistent discretization of the relaxation system for vanishing $\epsilon$ yields a consistent discretization of the original PDE. The numerical schemes obtained with this procedure do not require solving implicit nonlinear problems and possess the robustness of upwind discretizations. The proposed approximations are based on a discontinuous Galerkin method in space and on suitable implicit-explicit integration in time. Then, in principle, we can achieve any order of accuracy and obtain stable solutions, even when the diffusion equation becomes degenerate and solution singularities develop. Moreover, when needed, we can easily incorporate slope limiters within our schemes in order to handle spurious oscillatory phenomena. Some preliminary theoretical results are given, along with several numerical tests in one and two space dimensions, both for linear and nonlinear diffusion problems, including a degenerate diffusion equation, that provide numerical evidence of the properties of the presented approach.
Device Circuit Co Design of FEFET Based Logic for Low Voltage Processors

Ferroelectric FETs (FEFETs) are emerging devices with potential for low power applications. The unique feature which makes these devices suitable for ultra-low voltage operation is the steep slope achieved by negative capacitance of the ferroelectric oxide based gate stack. This property is being actively explored to overcome the fundamental 60 mV/decade sub threshold swing limit associated with conventional MOSFETs. In this paper, we focus on the circuit implications of the steep slope behavior of the FEFETs. We analyze the characteristics of FEFETs to get insights into their performance, and show both higher ON current and higher gate capacitance compared to standard transistors. We design and simulate a ring oscillator and a Kogge Stone adder using FEFET devices and evaluate the impact of ferroelectric layer thickness on the performance. Our analysis shows that FEFET based circuits consume lower energy compared to CMOS circuits at VDD.
Edinburgh Research Explorer eMouseAtlas:an atlas-based resource for understanding mammalian embryogenesis

The eMouseAtlas resource is an online database of 3D digital models of mouse development, an ontology of mouse embryo anatomy and a gene-expression database with about 30K spatially mapped gene-expression patterns. It is closely linked with the MGI/GXD database at the Jackson Laboratory and holds links to almost all available image-based gene-expression data for the mouse embryo. In this resource article we describe the novel web-based tools we have developed for 3D visualisation of embryo anatomy and gene expression. We show how mapping of gene expression data onto spatial models delivers a framework for capturing gene expression that enhances our understanding of development, and we review the exploratory tools utilised by the EMAGE gene expression database as a means of de ﬁ ning co-expression of in situ hybridisation, immunohistochemistry, and lacZ-omic expression patterns. We report on recent developments of the eHistology atlas and our use of web-services to support embedding of the online ‘ The Atlas of Mouse Development ’ in the context of other resources such as the DMDD mouse phenotype database. In addition, we discuss new developments including a cellular-resolution placental atlas, third-party atlas models, clonal analysis data and a new interactive eLearning resource for developmental processes.
Learning to listen again: the role of compliance in auditory training for adults with hearing loss.

PURPOSE To examine the role of compliance in the outcomes of computer-based auditory training with the Listening and Communication Enhancement (LACE) program in Veterans using hearing aids. METHOD The authors examined available LACE training data for 5 tasks (i.e., speech-in-babble, time compression, competing speaker, auditory memory, missing word) from 50 hearing-aid users who participated in a larger, randomized controlled trial designed to examine the efficacy of LACE training. The goals were to determine: (a) whether there were changes in performance over 20 training sessions on trained tasks (i.e., on-task outcomes); and (b) whether compliance, defined as completing all 20 sessions, vs. noncompliance, defined as completing less than 20 sessions, influenced performance on parallel untrained tasks (i.e., off-task outcomes). RESULTS The majority, 84% of participants, completed 20 sessions, with maximum outcome occurring with at least 10 sessions of training for some tasks and up to 20 sessions of training for others. Comparison of baseline to posttest performance revealed statistically significant improvements for 4 of 7 off-task outcome measures for the compliant group, with at least small (0.2 < d < 0.3) Cohen's d effect sizes for 3 of the 4. There were no statistically significant improvements observed for the noncompliant group. CONCLUSION The high level of compliance in the present study may be attributable to use of systematized verbal and written instructions with telephone follow-up. Compliance, as expected, appears important for optimizing the outcomes of auditory training. Methods to improve compliance in clinical populations need to be developed, and compliance data are important to report in future studies of auditory training.