Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iwahori-Hecke algebras for Kac-Moody groups over local fields

We define the Iwahori-Hecke algebra for an almost split Kac-Moody group over a local non-archimedean field. We use the hovel associated to this situation, which is the analogue of the Bruhat-Tits building for a reductive group. The fixer K of some chamber in the standard apartment plays the role of the Iwahori subgroup. We can define the Iwahori-Hecke algebra as the algebra of some K-bi-invariant functions on the group with support consisting of a finite union of double classes. As two chambers in the hovel are not always in a same apartment, this support has to be in some large subsemigroup of the Kac-Moody group. In the split case, we prove that the structure constants of the multiplication in this algebra are polynomials in the cardinality of the residue field, with integer coefficients depending on the geometry of the standard apartment. We give a presentation of this algebra, similar to the Bernstein-Lusztig presentation in the reductive case, and embed it in a greater algebra, algebraically defined by the Bernstein-Lusztig presentation. In the affine case, this algebra contains the Cherednik's double affine Hecke algebra. Actually, our results apply to abstract "locally finite" hovels, so that we can define the Iwahori-Hecke algebra with unequal parameters.
MOTIVAÇÃO E ANSIEDADE: A AFETIVIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ESCRITA EM LÍNGUA INGLESA

Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre alguns fatores afetivos que influenciam a aprendizagem da escrita em lingua inglesa, mais notadamente a motivacao e a ansiedade. O trabalho faz parte do projeto Explorando o Dominio Afetivo na Aprendizagem da Escrita em Lingua Inglesa, financiado pelo programa PROLICEN-UFG. Utilizamos, predominantemente, para a realizacao desse estudo, metodos quantitativos, embora tenhamos nos valido tambem, tanto na coleta quanto na analise dos dados, de metodos qualitativos. A pesquisa se deu em salas de aula de Ingles como Lingua Estrangeira (LE) em duas instituicoes distintas, sendo a primeira uma sala de aula de 2o ano do Ensino Medio de uma escola estadual, e a segunda uma turma de 6o periodo do curso de Letras Ingles de uma universidade federal. Os alunos que participaram de nossa pesquisa se mostraram, no geral, como aprendizes com motivacoes instrumentais acerca do ingles, como a obtencao de boas notas ou a conquista de um futuro emprego; alguns dos participantes se mostraram como alunos pouco ansiosos, enquanto outros apresentaram grau alto de ansiedade no que tange a escrita em lingua estrangeira. Area Tematica: Linguagem e cognicao no ensino-aprendizagem.
Contraceptive Efficacy of Oral and Transdermal Hormones When Co-Administered With Protease Inhibitors in HIV-1-Infected Women: Pharmacokinetic Results of ACTG Trial A5188

Background:Pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and transdermally delivered ethinyl estradiol (EE) and norelgestromin (NGMN) are unknown. Methods:Using a standard noncompartmental PK analysis, we compared EE area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) and NGMN AUC during transdermal contraceptive patch administration in HIV-1-infected women on stable LPV/r to a control group of women not on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In addition, EE AUC after a single dose of a combination oral contraceptive pill including EE and norethindrone was measured before patch placement and was compared with patch EE AUC in both groups. Contraceptive effects on LPV/r PKs were estimated by measuring LPV/r AUC at baseline and during week 3 of patch administration. Results:Eight women on LPV/r, and 24 women in the control group were enrolled. Patch EE median AUC0−168 h was 45% lower at 6010.36 pg·h·mL−1 in those on LPV/r versus 10911.42 pg·h·mL−1 in those on no HAART (P = 0.064). Pill EE median AUC0−48 hours was similarly 55% lower at 344.67 pg·h·mL−1 in those on LPV/r versus 765.38 pg·h·mL−1 in those on no HAART (P = 0.003). Patch NGMN AUC0−168 h however, was 138.39 ng·h·mL−1, 83% higher in the LPV/r group compared with the control AUC of 75.63 ng·h·mL−1 (P = 0.036). After 3 weeks on the patch, LPV AUC0−8 h decreased by 19%, (P = 0.156). Conclusions:Although PKs of contraceptive EE and NGMN are significantly altered with LPV/r, the contraceptive efficacy of the patch is likely to be maintained. Larger studies are indicated to fully assess contraceptive efficacy versus risks of the transdermal contraceptive patch when co-administered with protease inhibitors.
An examination of subjective response to alcohol in African Americans.

OBJECTIVE Alcohol response is a widely studied risk factor for heavy drinking behavior and alcohol-use disorders. This study examined acute subjective response to alcohol as a predictor of drinking behavior, alcohol-related problems, and family history of alcoholism in African Americans. The convergent validity of self-reported response to alcohol (Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol scale [SRE]) in an African-American sample was also examined. METHOD One hundred and three African-American young adults participated in an alcohol-challenge study, receiving a moderate dose of alcohol (0.72 g/kg alcohol for men, 0.65 g/kg for women). Breath alcohol concentration and subjective response to alcohol were assessed before beverage consumption, in 15-minute intervals for the first hour following consumption, and in 30-minute intervals thereafter. RESULTS Latent variable growth models indicated that experiencing increased acute stimulation from alcohol was related to past-month drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems. Regression analyses indicated that the SRE was related to drinking behavior, alcohol-related problems, having an alcohol-use disorder, and a family history of alcoholism. The SRE was not related to either sedation or stimulation following alcohol administration. CONCLUSIONS Results support alcohol response as a marker of risk for increased drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems in African Americans. Further research is required to directly compare African-American and white response to alcohol within an alcohol-challenge paradigm.
Linearized stability analysis of surface diffusion for hypersurfaces with triple lines

The linearized stability of stationary solutions for surface diffusion is studied. We consider three hypersurfaces that lie inside a fixed domain and touch its boundary with a right angle and fulfill a non-flux condition. Additionally they meet at a triple line with prescribed angle conditions and further boundary conditions resulting from the continuity of chemical potentials and a flux balance have to hold at the triple line. We introduce a new specific parametrization with two parameters corresponding to a movement in tangential and normal direction to formulate the geometric evolution law as a system of partial differential equations. For the linearized stability analysis we identify the problem as an H−1-gradient flow, which will be crucial to show self-adjointness of the linearized operator. Finally we study the linearized stability of some examples.
Intraventricular Administration of Cyclo(His-Pro), a Metabolite of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH), Decreases Water Intake in the Rat 1

Abstract We explored the effect of cyclo(His-Pro) on drinking in water-deprived rats. Intraventricular administration of cyclo(His-Pro) significantly reduced water intake in these rats in a dose-dependent fashion (3 × 10−10-3 × 10−8 mole), whereas its intrapentoneal injection did not cause any effect on water intake. The inhibitory potency of cyclo(His-Pro) was found to be similar to that of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), but cyclo(His-Pro) did not significantly interfere with TRH binding in the rat brain. The data indicate that cyclo(His-Pro) action was not mediated through the TRH counterpart. These results suggest that cyclo(His-Pro) may play a potential role in the regulation of water intake in the rat brain.
Matchmaking dans les jeux mutlijoueurs en ligne : étudier les traces utilisateurs pour améliorer l’expérience de jeu

L’acquisition et l’analyse de traces d’utilisation reelles issues de jeux video permettent d’acquerir une connaissance approfondie des habitudes, des comportements et des attentes des joueurs. Cela constitue une etape cruciale pour la conception de services logiciels de qualite pour les jeux video. Toutefois, les acteurs de cette industrie protegent jalousement de telles donnees afin de dissuader une eventuelle reutilisation par la concurrence et pour eviter la triche. Nous avons contourne ce probleme en collectant, sur le serveur d’un jeu en vogue (League of Legends), des donnees publiques representant plus de 28 millions de sessions.Dans cet article, nous presentons notre base de donnees disponible librement en ligne. Nous detaillons ensuite l’analyse et les conclusions que nous tirons de ces donnees concernent les exigences d’un service essentiel pour les jeux multi-joueurs en ligne : le matchmaking, ou mise en relation de joueurs.
N-Glucosylation of Cytokinins by Glycosyltransferases of Arabidopsis thaliana*

Cytokinins are plant hormones that can be glucosylated to form O-glucosides and N-glucosides. The glycoconjugates are inactive and are thought to play a role in homeostasis of the hormones. Although O-glucosyltransferases have been identified that recognize cytokinins, the enzymes involved in N-glucosylation have not been identified even though the process has been recognized for many years. This study utilizes a screening strategy in which 105 recombinant glycosyltransferases (UGTs) of Arabidopsis have been analyzed for catalytic activity toward the classical cytokinins: trans-zeatin, dihydrozeatin, N6-benzyladenine, N6-isopentenyladenine, and kinetin. Five UGTs were identified in the screen. UGT76C1 and UGT76C2 recognized all cytokinins and glucosylated the hormones at the N7 and N9 positions. UGT85A1, UGT73C5, and UGT73C1 recognized trans-zeatin and dihydrozeatin, which have an available hydroxyl group for glucosylation and formed the O-glucosides. The biochemical characteristics of the N-glucosyltransferases were analyzed, and highly effective inhibitors of their activities were identified. Constitutive overexpression of UGT76C1 in transgenic Arabidopsis confirmed that the recombinant enzyme functioned in vivo to glucosylate cytokinin applied to the plant. The role of the N-glucosyltransferases in cytokinin metabolism is discussed.
Inhibition of return is not impaired but masked by increased facilitation in schizophrenia patients.

OBJECTIVE When attention is attracted to an irrelevant location, performance on a subsequent target is hindered at that location in relation to novel, not previously attended, locations. This phenomenon is known as inhibition of return (IOR). Previous research has shown that IOR is not observed, or its onset is delayed, in schizophrenia patients. In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that IOR may be intact but masked by increased facilitation in schizophrenia patients. To test this hypothesis, they used a procedure that usually reduces or eliminates the early facilitation. METHOD In the first experiment, the authors used the typical single-cue IOR task in the group of healthy adults (N = 28) and in a group of schizophrenia patients (N = 32). In the second experiment, they manipulated cue-target discriminability by presenting spatially overlapping cues and targets where the cues were more intense than the targets. RESULTS In Experiment 1, they did not find significant IOR effects in the group of schizophrenia patients, even with cue-target intervals as long as 3,200 ms. However, in Experiment 2, IOR effects were significant at the 350- and 450-ms cue-target intervals for healthy and patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study that shows that schizophrenia patients can actually show inhibitory effects very similar to healthy controls, even when no help is provided to shift their attention away from the irrelevant location. The authors suggest that inhibition is intact in schizophrenia patients, but it is usually masked by increased facilitation.
Performance Analyses of OFDM–CDMA Receivers in Multipath Fading Channels

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising scheme for multicarrier (MC) transmission. The combination of OFDM and code-division multiple access (CDMA) which is referred to as OFDM-CDMA, has recently attracted much research interest in wireless communications. In this paper, we evaluate the downlink performance for two forms of adaptive OFDM-CDMA receivers in multipath fading channels: 1) MC-CDMA and 2) MC-direct sequence (DS)-CDMA. We propose theoretical minimum mean square errors (MMSEs) for MC-CDMA and MC-DS-CDMA to compare the performances in different situations. Moreover, one drawback of OFDM schemes is the rate reduction due to the cyclic prefix (CP) overhead, which significantly affects the channel utilization in MC-DS-CDMA systems. We propose adaptive receiver structures with both subcarrier- and code-interval equalizations to improve the performance of MC-DS-CDMA systems with shorter or no CP. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed receivers and the correctness of the theoretical derivations.
Remote Renewable Energy in Australia: Barriers to Uptake and the Community Engagement Imperative

The provision of safe and reliable energy is essential for the development of a modern economy and has been the prime goal of domestic energy policy. There are, however, many remote communities in Australia that lack access to a conventional electricity grid but are well placed to take advantage of viable alternatives. In these situations the deployment of renewable energy systems would not only solve the electricity supply problems but would also assist in achieving environmental policy goals by cutting net greenhouse gas emissions and moving communities closer to sustainable development. The utilisation of these alternatives also offers an interesting laboratory to test the theoretical framework of ecological modernisation that underpins environmental policies. Despite their many benefits, the uptake of renewable energy systems in remote communities often remains curiously low. This paper investigates the barriers to change by analysing some of the political, economic and social factors that have been at work. The results provide some useful findings, particularly with regards to the need for effective community engagement in successful policy implementation.
A Novel Method for Road Centerline Extraction from High Spatial Resolution Satellite Images

An integrated method for road centerline extraction has been proposed in this paper which consists of four main steps. First, the Graph Cut algorithm using proposed similarity function is employed to segment the image, and the segmented image is thresholded to initial binary skeleton. Second, the road skeleton is reﬁned by using a series of morphology operations and shape features. Third, the curvilinear feature of road skeleton is detected by a set of multiple ﬁltering detectors. Finally,a regression method is performed to extract smooth and accurate road centerlines. Validation tests show that the proposed method is able to achieve a comparatively good performance in road centerline extraction from high spatial resolution satellite images.
A Spike-Based Model of Binaural Sound Localization

This paper describes a spike-based model of binaural sound localization using interaural time differences (ITDs). To handle the problem of temporal coding and to facilitate a hardware implementation all neurons are simulated by a spike response model, which includes postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) and a refractory period. A winner-take-all (WTA) network selects the dominant source from the representation of the sound's angles of incidences, and can be biased by a multisensory support. We use simulations on real audio data to investigate the function and the practical application of the system.
CEBPA mutations in younger adults with acute myeloid leukemia and normal cytogenetics: prognostic relevance and analysis of cooperating mutations.

PURPOSE To assess the prognostic relevance of mutations in the CEBPA gene encoding CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) in a large prospective series of younger adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and normal cytogenetics. PATIENTS AND METHODS The entire CEBPA coding region was sequenced in diagnostic samples from 236 AML patients 16 to 60 years of age with normal cytogenetics who were uniformly treated on two consecutive protocols of the AML Study Group Ulm, and CEBPA mutation status was correlated with clinical outcome. RESULTS CEBPA mutations were detected in 36 (15%) of 236 patients. Twenty-one (9%) of 236 patients had mutations predicted to result in loss of C/EBP alpha function. Remission duration and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer for the 36 patients with CEBPA mutations (P =.01 and P =.05, respectively). On multivariate analysis, wild-type CEBPA was an independent prognostic marker affecting remission duration (hazard ratio, 2.85; P =.01) and OS (hazard ratio, 1.87; P =.04). Analysis of cooperating mutations (both types of activating FLT3 mutations and MLL partial tandem duplications) showed that FLT3 mutations had no significant prognostic influence in patients with CEBPA mutations. Furthermore, there was no significant overlap between the subgroup of patients with CEBPA mutation with predicted loss of C/EBP alpha function and patients with FLT3 or MLL mutations, suggesting that CEBPA loss-of-function mutations define a distinct biologic subclass of AML with normal cytogenetics. CONCLUSION Mutant CEBPA predicts favorable prognosis and may improve risk stratification in AML patients with normal cytogenetics.
Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 is correlated with carotid intraplaque hemorrhage in a swine model

Objective Carotid intraplaque hemorrhage may result in rapid worsening of stenosis and thrombus formation leading to stroke in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of the lesional expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 with carotid plaque and intraplaque hemorrhage in a swine model. Methods Carotid atherosclerosis was induced in miniswine using a combination of partial ligation and a high cholesterol diet. The carotid artery and rete mirabile were obtained for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies at 3 months. Atherosclerotic changes were classified by Stary stage according to the American Heart Association and the features of vulnerable carotid plaque were assessed. The association of MMP-9 expression in the carotid plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage was analyzed. Results One hundred and ninety-one carotid segments from 10 carotid artery models were assessed. Among 139 segments with atherosclerotic changes, 102 had advanced plaque (Stary stage IV–VI). Atheroemboli were found in all 10 rete mirabili, confirming the presence of vulnerable ipsilateral carotid plaques. There was a trend to increased MMP-9 expression in the group with advanced plaque. Areas positive for MMP-9 were significantly greater in plaques with intraplaque hemorrhage than in those without intraplaque hemorrhage (11.84±1.22% vs 6.63±0.59%, p<0.001). Conclusions Increased expression of MMP-9 is associated with intraplaque hemorrhage in a swine model of vulnerable carotid atherosclerosis.
1,25(OH)2‐Vitamin D3 receptors: gene regulation and genetic circuitry

Our understanding of how vitamin D mediates biological responses has entered a new era. It is now clear that the bulk of the biological responses supported by vitamin D occur as a consequence of its metabolism to its daughter metabolite 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (a steroid hormone). The fact that 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors are ubiquitous in tissue distribution opens the possibility for unforeseen biological functions of the vitamin D endocrine system. For example, 1,25(OH)2D3 serves as an immunoregulatory hormone and a differentiation hormone besides its classical role in mineral homeostasis. The avian 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor has recently been cloned and shown to be a member of the nuclear transacting receptor family that includes estrogen, progesterone, glucocorticoid, thyroxine (T3), aldosterone, and retinoic acid receptors. We have compiled an extensive number of RNA polymerase II‐transcribed genes that are regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3. Classification of these genes on functional grounds identifies and formulates the several genetic circuits or biochemical systems in which 1,25(OH)2D3 plays an essential regulatory role. These systems include genes that govern oncogene and lymphokine expression as well as those involved in mineral homeostasis, vitamin D metabolism, and regulation of a set of replication‐linked genes (c‐myc, c‐myb, and histone H4), which are critical for rapid cellular proliferation. An integrated analysis of the combinations of genetic circuits regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 suggests that they may be collectively tied to a DNA replication‐differentiation switch. — Minghetti, P. P.; Norman, A. W. 1,25(OH)2‐Vitamin D3 receptors: gene regulation and genetic circuitry. FASEB J. 2: 3043‐3053; 1988.
LOW-FREQUENCY VLA OBSERVATIONS OF ABELL 754 : EVIDENCE FOR A CLUSTER RADIO HALO AND POSSIBLE RADIO RELICS

We present 74 and 330 MHz VLA observations of Abell 754. Di†use, halo-like emission is detected from the center of the cluster at both frequencies. At 330 MHz, the resolution of 90A distinguishes this extended emission from previously known point sources. In addition to the halo, and at a much lower level, outlying steep-spectrum emission regions straddle the cluster center and are seen only at 74 MHz. The location, morphology, and spectrum of this emission are all highly suggestive of at least one, and possibly two, cluster radio relics. Easily obtained higher resolution, higher sensitivity VLA observations at both frequencies are required to conÐrm the extended nature of the halo-like emission and the 74 MHz relic detections. However, since there is prior evidence that this cluster is or has recently been in the process of a major merger event, the possible discovery of relics in this system is of great interest in light of recent observational and theoretical evidence in favor of a merger-relic connection. We discuss the possible role that the merger shock waves, which are seen in the X-ray emission, may have played in the formation of the halo and radio relics in A754. Subject headings : galaxies : clusters : individual (A754) È galaxies : halos È radiation mechanisms : nonthermal È radio continuum: galaxies È shock waves
Underwater birth: missing the evidence or missing the point?

We read with interest the case reports and discussion regarding the potential complications of underwater birth1,2 because we have had 4 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit after underwater birth and have been concerned regarding the cause-and-effect relationship. Our first case was a 37-week-gestation male infant (born in a hospital tub) who developed respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilatory support. Although water inhalation was suspected, his discharge diagnosis was respiratory distress syndrome. Our second case was a male infant, (born at home in a bathtub) who developed seizures at ∼8 hours of age. A serum sodium level of 128 was treated but continued to fall, at 12 hours of age the serum sodium was 125. His discharge diagnosis was probable water intoxication after underwater birth. Our third case, a female infant, (born underwater in a hospital tub) was diagnosed on day 2 of life with Shone’s complex, manifested in this case as absence of left lung and left kidney, and a left-sided cardiac …