Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Regeneration: New Insights Into the Frontier of Ischemic Heart Failure Therapy

Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. While pharmacological and surgical interventions developed in the late twentieth century drastically improved patient outcomes, mortality rates over the last two decades have begun to plateau. Following ischemic injury, pathological remodeling leads to cardiomyocyte loss and fibrosis leading to impaired heart function. Cardiomyocyte turnover rate in the adult heart is limited, and no clinical therapies currently exist to regenerate cardiomyocytes lost following ischemic injury. In this review, we summarize the progress of therapeutic strategies including revascularization and cell-based interventions to regenerate the heart: transiently inducing cardiomyocyte proliferation and direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes. Moreover, we highlight recent mechanistic insights governing these strategies to promote heart regeneration and identify current challenges in translating these approaches to human patients.
APOBEC3A drives acquired resistance to targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer

Acquired drug resistance to even the most effective anti-cancer targeted therapies remains an unsolved clinical problem. Although many drivers of acquired drug resistance have been identified1‒6, the underlying molecular mechanisms shaping tumor evolution during treatment are incompletely understood. The extent to which therapy actively drives tumor evolution by promoting mutagenic processes7 or simply provides the selective pressure necessary for the outgrowth of drug-resistant clones8 remains an open question. Here, we report that lung cancer targeted therapies commonly used in the clinic induce the expression of cytidine deaminase APOBEC3A (A3A), leading to sustained mutagenesis in drug-tolerant cancer cells persisting during therapy. Induction of A3A facilitated the formation of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in cycling drug-treated cells, and fully resistant clones that evolved from drug-tolerant intermediates exhibited an elevated burden of chromosomal aberrations such as copy number alterations and structural variations. Preventing therapy-induced A3A mutagenesis either by gene deletion or RNAi-mediated suppression delayed the emergence of drug resistance. Finally, we observed accumulation of A3A mutations in lung cancer patients who developed drug resistance after treatment with sequential targeted therapies. These data suggest that induction of A3A mutagenesis in response to targeted therapy treatment may facilitate the development of acquired resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. Thus, suppressing expression or enzymatic activity of A3A may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay acquired resistance to lung cancer targeted therapy.
Inactivation of the PD-1-Dependent Immunoregulation in Mice Exacerbates Contact Hypersensitivity Resembling Immune-Related Adverse Events

Blockade of PD-1, an indispensable physiological immunoregulatory mechanism, enhances immune activities and is widely used in the immunotherapy of cancer. This treatment often accompanies inflammatory complication called immune-related adverse events (irAE), most frequently in the skin. To analyze how skin inflammation develops by the blockade of PD-1-dependent immunoregulation, we studied the exacerbation of oxazolone-induced contact hypersensitivity by PD-L1 blockade. The inactivation of PD-1 signaling enhanced swelling of the skin with massive CD8+ T cell infiltration. Among PD-1-expressing cells, T cells were the predominant targets of anti-PD-L1 mAb treatment since PD-L1 blockade did not affect skin inflammation in RAG2-/- mice. PD-L1 blockade during immunization with oxazolone significantly promoted the development of hapten-reactive T cells in the draining lymph nodes. The enhancement of local CD8+ T cell-dominant immune responses by PD-L1 blockade was correlated with the upregulation of CXCL9 and CXCL10. Challenges with a low dose of oxazolone did not demonstrate any significant dermatitis; however, the influence of PD-L1 blockade on T cell immunity was strong enough to cause the emergence of notable dermatitis in this suboptimal dosing, suggesting its relevance to dermal irAE development. In the low-dose setting, the blockade of CXCR3, receptor of CXCL9/10, prevented the induction of T cell-dominant inflammation by anti-PD-L1 mAb. This experimental approach reproduced CD8+ T cell-dominant form of cutaneous inflammation by the blockade of PD-L1 that has been observed in dermal irAE in human patients.
Multi-Voiced Music Bypasses Attentional Limitations in the Brain

Attentional limits make it difficult to comprehend concurrent speech streams. However, multiple musical streams are processed comparatively easily. Coherence may be a key difference between music and stimuli like speech, which does not rely on the integration of multiple streams for comprehension. The musical organization between melodies in a composition may provide a cognitive scaffold to overcome attentional limitations when perceiving multiple lines of music concurrently. We investigated how listeners attend to multi–voiced music, examining biological indices associated with processing structured versus unstructured music. We predicted that musical structure provides coherence across distinct musical lines, allowing listeners to attend to simultaneous melodies, and that a lack of organization causes simultaneous melodies to be heard as separate streams. Musician participants attended to melodies in a Coherent music condition featuring flute duets and a Jumbled condition where those duets were manipulated to eliminate coherence between the parts. Auditory–evoked cortical potentials were collected to a tone probe. Analysis focused on the N100 response which is primarily generated within the auditory cortex and is larger for attended versus ignored stimuli. Results suggest that participants did not attend to one line over the other when listening to Coherent music, instead perceptually integrating the streams. Yet, for the Jumbled music, effects indicate that participants attended to one line while ignoring the other, abandoning their integration. Our findings lend support for the theory that musical organization aids attention when perceiving multi–voiced music.
Polyacrylic Acid Modifies Local and Lateral Mobilities in Lipid Membranes

Polyacrylic acid (PAA) is a promising polymer for engineering lipid-based drug-delivery vesicles. Its unique properties allow lowering drug dose and delivery the drug close to the site of its release. To design a successful delivery scheme, however, it is important to understand on the molecular scale how the polymer interacts with lipids under various conditions in the human body. Some aspects of the PAA-lipid interaction can be revealed using physical methods, such as differential scanning microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, NMR-diffusometry, and infrared spectroscopy. This work discusses the use of these techniques as well as the peculiarities of preparing vesicular and microscopically aligned PAA-lipid systems.
An integrated comparative physiology and molecular approach pinpoints mediators of breath-hold capacity in dolphins

Ischemic events, such as ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke, are the number one cause of death globally. Ischemia prevents blood, carrying essential nutrients and oxygen, from reaching tissues and organ systems, leading to cell and tissue death, and eventual organ failure. While humans are relatively intolerant to these ischemic events, other species, such as marine mammals, have evolved remarkable tolerance to chronic ischemia/reperfusion during diving. Here we capitalized on the unique adaptations of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) as a comparative model of ischemic stress and hypoxia tolerance to identify molecular features associated with breath-holding. Using RNA-Seq we observed time-dependent upregulation of the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene during breath-holding. Consistent with the RNA-Seq data, we also observed increased ALOX5 enzymatic activity in the serum of dolphins undergoing breath holds. ALOX5 has previously been shown to be activated during hypoxia in rodent models, and its metabolites, leukotrienes, induce vasoconstriction. The upregulation of ALOX5 occurred within the estimated aerobic dive limit of the species, suggesting that ALOX5 enzymatic activity may promote tolerance to ischemic stress through sustained vasoconstriction in dolphins during diving. These observations pinpoint a potential molecular mechanism by which dolphins, and perhaps other marine mammals, have adapted to the prolonged breath-holds associated with diving.
Application of Carbon Nanotubes as Electromechanical Sensors — Results from First‐Principles Simulations

A combination of First-Principles Density Functional Theory (DFT) and classical molecular dynamics with interatomic potential is used to examine bonding differences between two types of nanotube deformation: 1. bending, and 2. pushing with atomically sharp AFM tips. Bent tubes maintain an all-hexagonal network up to large bending angles. AFM-probed tubes, in contrast, display a more interesting behavior, which depends on the representation of the AFM tip.
ATOMIC: Adaptive Transmission Power and Message Interval Control for C-V2X Mode 4

To support the emerging vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication for autonomous vehicles and smart transportation services, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has recently introduced cellular V2X (C-V2X) standards. In C-V2X, radio resources can be managed not only centrally by the cellular network base station, but also in a completely distributed manner (Mode 4) without any cellular support. However, Mode 4 may suffer significant collisions and interference in a dense environment since each vehicle selects its own resources to transmit V2X messages autonomously without adapting appropriately to vehicle density. To address this challenge, we propose ATOMIC, an Adaptive Transmission pOwer and Message Interval Control scheme for C-V2X Mode 4, in which each vehicle utilizes real-time channel sensing and neighbor information to reduce channel contention for improved reliability and latency. Through analysis and extensive simulations, we show that ATOMIC outperforms the standard Mode 4 in both urban and highway scenarios especially in highly dense environments.
A Voltage Balancing Scheme for Series IGBTs to Increase Their Expected Lifetime in Pulsed Load Applications

Clamp mode resistor capacitor diode (CMRCD) snubbers have a simple and easy implementing structure. They have been widely adopted in the pulsed power supplies to provide a safe operating condition for the series insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The main problem of the CMRCD snubbers is their poor performance in the voltage balancing of the series IGBTs. They are essentially overvoltage protectors and clamp the voltage of the IGBTs in a probable potentially dangerous condition. This issue diminishes the expected lifetime of the series IGBTs, where a number of them face a higher level of the voltage than that of the others. The unbalanced voltage of the series IGBTs will result in a lower value of the expected lifetime of the series IGBTs. For improving the expected lifetime of the series IGBTs a CMRCD snubber with balanced voltage sharing for the series IGBTs is proposed. Adopting this proposal will lead to the balanced voltage sharing of the series IGBTs, even in the blocking voltage below the nominal designed value. Consequently, the highest value of the lifetime is estimated for the series IGBTs in the stack. The simulation and experimental results truly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed structure.
A 3D Reactive Navigation Method for UAVs in Unknown Tunnel-like Environments

Many applications require unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to autonomously navigate through unknown tunnellike environments such as caves exploration, dam penstocks inspection, exploration and mapping in underground mines, etc. The design of the overall navigation strategy can be very challenging to ensure a collision-free motion advancing through the tunnel especially when considering a three-dimensional (3D) workspace. Hence, this work proposes a 3D collision-free control strategy for UAVs to ensure safe navigation through unknown tunnel-like environments. This strategy is reactive as it relies only on light processing of recent sensors observations to generate reflex-like reactions. The strategy is evaluated using computer simulations assuming a realistic sensing model, and good results were obtained.
BetClose Approach to Improve the Diffusion in Social Networks

In the era of Internet and advancing in communication and computing technology, the social networks have caught wide applications in real life's. Influence Maximization (IM) in social networks is intended to find a small group (sub set) of specific users as seeds (influencers). These seeds have an ability to activate maximum possible neighbors in the network. IM is usually categorized as NP-hard problem. Different alternatives were proposed to develop approaches to resolve it. Most of the available approaches are considering the centrality metrics to categorize the seed nodes (initial influencer node / early adopters). The essential problem in this study is how to discover the significant players (a subset of seed nodes) in social networks in an efficient manner. Those players must have an ability to affect the maximum probable neighbors by encouraging them to adopt the diffused idea. Best selection will lead to maximize the influence propagation in the network. Information is spreading stochastically in such networks. All These steps are to maximize the information dissemination in social networks. A new proposed approach to find the minimum number of nodes that can maximize information diffusion most effectively is introduced and named as (BetClose) in this study. BetClose has an ability to assign set of nodes with highest betweenness and closeness values in the same time. A developed diffusion model (depend on ICM and LTM simultaneously) is implemented. Certain approaches are used to develop probabilities to improve the diffusion process and a mathematical model is suggested to estimate the threshold values based on the network structure. The results of this study offers indications about the structure of network that having a probable effect on the information diffusion in social networks. The suggested approach outcomes indicate high adoption compared with the traditional approaches which are depending on one metric only. The average adoption size resulted from BetClose is found to be better than the average adoption size resulted from implementing each of the three essential traditional centrality metrics (i.e. betweenness, closeness, and Eigen vector).
A Novel $H_2$ Approach to FIR Prediction Under Disturbances and Measurement Errors

A novel approach is proposed to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_2$</tex-math></inline-formula> finite impulse response (FIR) prediction in discrete-time state-space. The biased-constrained <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_2$</tex-math></inline-formula> optimal unbiased FIR (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_2$</tex-math></inline-formula>-OUFIR) predictor derived under disturbances and measurement errors is shown to have the maximum likelihood form and be equivalent to the OUFIR predictor under Gaussian noise. The derivation is provided using the backward Euler method by minimizing the squared weighted Frobenius norm. A bias-constrained suboptimal <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_2$</tex-math></inline-formula> FIR filtering algorithm using the linear matrix inequality is also designed. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_2$</tex-math></inline-formula>-OUFIR predictor performance is investigated by simulations and experimentally in a comparison with the Kalman and unbiased FIR predictors.
A Cost-Efficient Management Protocol for Mobile Crowd-Sensing in Urban Vehicular Scenarios

In urban-traffic scenarios, massive mobile terminals can provide more comprehensive and accurate environmental sensing data with various built-in sensors. Humans can also collect environmental information as task executors. Therefore, facing different sensing requirements from environmental monitoring, intelligent transportation, urban management, and other fields, if we make good use of the sensing abilities of mobile terminals and humans, we can provide more supporting data for them. This paper proposes a multitasking-oriented participant-recruitment algorithm for vehicular crowd sensing based on the Combine-S algorithm that could merge-common sensing requirements in the time and space dimensions to solve the problem of overlapping requirements among multiple tasks. Combine-S could also be integrated with a greedy recruitment algorithm to improve the sensing effect and reduce sensing costs. We used the OMNet++ simulators that are used for simulating urban transportation and IoTKeywords-Genetic Algorithm, NSL-KDD, Intrusion Detection system, Fast Learning Network.
Distributed Parametric Identification of Low Frequency Oscillatory Modes in Multiple PMU

This paper analyses performance in the estimation of low frequency oscillatory modes utilizing Prony's method of parametric identification applied to multiple signals (multiProny) in distributed form. The analyzed methodology applies the multiProny method by area and integrates local modal estimates in a consensus optimization process that determines a global solution for the entire system. In each area, multiple measurements are processed corresponding to ringdown data, recorded in case of contingencies by PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units) of a WAMS (Wide Area Monitoring Systems). The distributed method of optimization and consensus used here is based on the distributed ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers) algorithm. The performance of the distributed Prony method is evaluated by processing known analytical signals and synchrophasorial voltage measurements recorded at low voltage by the MedFasee BT Argentina Project: Observatory of the Dynamics of the Sistema Argentino de Interconexión (SADI). The results show that more precise oscillatory modes are obtained with the distributed multiProny method than with the simple Prony method when processing a single signal or a set of signals in a centralized way.
Computational Method for Optimal Attack Play Consisting of Run Plays and Hand-pass Plays for Seven-a-side Rugby

Providing explanatory information during broadcast of team sports is becoming important to make rules, plays, tactics, and developments easier to understand for viewers, particularly for beginners. Against this background, this paper presents a computational method for selecting the optimal attack play for a try, considering run and hand-pass plays. In this method, attack plays consisting of runs and hand-passes are simulated from the current player position and speed data based on motion models for each player and the ball. We then evaluate the simulated attack plays. The optimal attack play can be obtained using the branch-and-bound algorithm based on the evaluation results. In this study, the proposed method is validated using four synthetic formation examples of seven-a-side rugby as an initial validation. Displaying the optimal attack plays computed using the proposed method can help viewers understand developments in games more easily.
200-Gb/s Direct Modulation of a 50-GHz Class Laser With Advanced Digital Modulations

Directly modulated lasers (DML) dominate the short reach optical interconnect market. For years, the bandwidth of commercial DMLs has been limited to a level of 25 GHz, which can support a speed up to around 100 Gb/s via advanced modulations like Nyquist-shaped 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4), carrier-less amplitude phase (CAP) modulation, subcarrier multiplexing, and discrete multitone (DMT). To scale with the capacity evolution of interconnect applications, it is in urgent demand to develop DMLs operated at 50G class and even beyond. In this article, we exploit a newly designed 50G-class short-cavity distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser, called the two-κ DBR laser, and demonstrate its capability of supporting 200 Gb/s per wavelength direct modulation and direct detection transmissions. Combining high-speed electronics with the 50G-class DML, we demonstrate a variety of advanced digital modulations including Nyquist-shaped 100-GBaud PAM-4, 80-GBaud PAM-8, and 50-GHz DMT signals, with the maximum net bit rate of 236 Gb/s. The DML exhibits an ultra-low chirp parameter of 1.0, which enables isolator-free operation and dispersion-tolerant transmission over tens of kilometers at O-band.
Computing Transient Voltages on Grounding Grids Buried in Homogeneous and Stratified Soils

Grounding grids (GGs) are essential to guarantee protection to personnel and equipment in the electrical substation. In this context, GGs provide low impedance path to high currents during faults or lightning strikes to minimize the step and touch voltages. Several models to compute the impedance of the GG are presented in the literature combining distributed and lumped approach. In this paper, a lumped approach is developed to represent a GG composed by vertical (VEs) and horizontal electrodes (HEs). Electrodes are modelled individually by lumped models and implemented at the ATP-EMTP software. The grounding impedances of the VEs buried in a stratified soil are calculated by the quadripole approach and an electric circuit is obtained by the Vector Fitting technique. The HE representation is based on the electromagnetic radiation theory, where each segment of the conductor can be seen as a current-carrying conductor. Simulation results compared with the traditional models in the literature indicate a good performance of the lumped representation of the HV and VE for a frequency range that varies from 100 Hz up 10 MHz. Additionally, results have shown that when VES are inserted in GGs and another layer of soil is considered, the GPR and node voltages are significantly reduced.
Information Interaction in Distributed Systems

The problem of managing a network with increasing flow of tasks that require dedicated network resources is shown. Several versions of solving the problem are given. A mathematical model is presented for calculating the total bandwidth of communication channels of network structures designed for solving the incoming tasks. An example of calculations of the model is given. The results can be useful for users and network system administrators.