Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tapping-In-Place: Increasing the naturalness of immersive walking-in-place locomotion through novel gestural input

Walking-In-Place (WIP) techniques provide one possible solution to the problem emerging when an immersive virtual environment (IVE) offers a larger freedom of movement than the physical environment where the interaction is taking place. Such techniques are particularly useful when the spatial constraints are very prominent. However, many previous WIP techniques rely on the same gesture for input - a stepping gesture resembling the one performed when walking up a flight of stairs. It seems possible that this gesture may be perceived as more physically straining than real walking which may lead to a less natural walking experience. In this paper we present two novel forms of gestural input for WIP locomotion and describe a within subjects study comparing these to the traditional stepping gesture. The two gestures proposed are: a wiping gesture where the user alternately bends each knee, moving one lower leg backwards, and a tapping gesture where the user in turn lifts each heel without breaking contact with the ground. Visual feedback was delivered through a head-mounted display and auditory feedback was provided by means of a 24-channel surround sound system. The gestures were evaluated in terms of perceived naturalness, presence, and real world positional drift. The tapping gesture was significantly more natural than the wiping gesture and was experienced as significantly less strenuous than the other two techniques. Finally, the tapping gesture resulted in significantly less positional drift.
Case‐control study of sun exposure and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

We conducted a case‐control study of sun exposure and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin within a population‐based, longitudinal study of skin cancer. Cases had histopathologically confirmed SCC. Subjects were interviewed about their lifetime sun exposure, including exposure to the site of the SCC (sites for controls were assigned randomly). Analysis was restricted to 132 cases and 1,031 controls born in Australia and with no ancestors from southern Europe. The total site‐specific exposure was strongly related to risk of SCC; the odds ratio increased to a maximum of 3.3 at 65,000 hr of exposure before falling slightly. Site‐specific exposure during childhood and adolescence was more strongly associated with SCC than exposure during adulthood. An intermittent pattern of weekly sun exposure was not associated with SCC and the odds ratios for hours of exposure on vacation were close to unity. The number of blistering sunburns to the site was positively associated with SCC. Use of sunscreens and hats showed inconsistent effects. Sun exposure, especially during childhood and adolescence, increases the risk of SCC. The pattern of exposure appears to be unimportant, despite the association with sunburn, which may simply be an indicator of the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. Int. J. Cancer 77:347–353, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rate heterogeneity among lineages of tracheophytes: Integration of molecular and fossil data and evidence for molecular living fossils

Many efforts to date evolutionary divergences by using a molecular clock have yielded age estimates that are grossly inconsistent with the paleontological evidence. Such discrepancies often are attributed to the inadequacy of the fossil record, but many potential sources of error can affect molecular-based estimates. In this study, we minimize the potential error caused by inaccurate topology and uncertain calibration times by using a well-supported tree, multiple genes, and multiple well-substantiated dates to explore the correspondence between the fossil record and molecular-based age estimates for major clades of tracheophytes. Age estimates varied because of gene effects, codon position, lineage effects, method of inferring branch lengths, and whether or not rate constancy was assumed. However, even methods designed to ameliorate the effects of rate heterogeneity among lineages could not accommodate the substantially slower rates observed in Marattia + Angiopteris and in the tree ferns. Both of these clades of ferns have undergone dramatic decelerations in their rates of molecular evolution and are “molecular living fossils,” consistent with their relative morphological stasis for the past 165–200 million years. Similar discrepancies between the fossil record and molecular-based age estimates noted in other studies may also be explained in part by violations of rate constancy among lineages.
Transforming Traditional Agriculture.

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Carbon monoxide poisoning: an update.

oxygen. Anecdotal reports of alternative approaches have not been followed up. '0 There is little evidence from clinical studies that normobaric oxygen is effective, and even the evidence concerning hyperbaric oxygen is difficult to interpret despite animal studies and cellular research which provide strong evidence in its favour. One important factor is that it reduces free radical concentrations, and this means that the benefit from hyperbaric oxygen may be far reaching. It provides an explanation why hyperbaric oxygen prevents the delayed manifestations of carbon monoxide poisoning. The presentation by Hamilton-Farrell of the British Hyperbaric Association's carbon monoxide database (p98) provides an impressive panorama of the use of hyperbaric oxygen in Britain. " The indications for referral are clearly set out, and the reasons for delay to referral and delay to arrival in a hyperbaric facility are listed. Many of these can be reduced by making a critical examination at a local level and addressing the deficiencies identified. The rising number of referrals may be a result of increased awareness, since the number of cases of fatal poisoning is falling. It has been suggested that this is due to the introduction of catalytic converters in motor vehicles. 2 Those working in any branch of emergency medicine would do well to study the articles presented in this issue of the journal. One certainly wants to avoid the error of telling a patient with undiagnosed carbon monoxide poisoning to "go home and stay warm", with the result that they suffer even worse poisoning.
Induction of labour improves maternal outcomes compared with expectant monitoring in women with gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia

Commentary on: KoopmansCMBijlengaDGroenH. Induction of labour versus expectant monitoring for gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia after 36 weeks’ gestation (HYPITAT): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009;374:979–88.
Passive acoustic storey of the Antares neutrino detector for real-time cetaceans detection, localization and behavior studies

Passive acoustics is one of the methods for marine mammal observations. This approach is complementary of visual observations or use of tags. Different projects for marine mammals' acoustics observatory (permanent or mobile) are actually in construction. A part of them are included in biggest multidisciplinary projects and especially in geophysics projects. We join the Antares project for at least 2 reasons. Firstly, the Antares neutrino detector is built in one of the Mediterranean Sea hotspots. Secondly, many sensors is used for this neutrino detector and especially hydrophones with appropriate bandwidth for marine mammal observations. We first briefly present the ESONET Network and then the ANTARES telescope. We then illustrate the real-time analyses that we can run on ANTARES data. We finaly discuss on the ANTARES extensions in the Ligure Sea and its impact on cetacean studies monitoring.
Inactivation of Exogenous Surfactant by Pulmonary Edema Fluid

ABSTRACT: Modified natural porcine surfactant was mixed with edema fluid sampled from the airways of hyperoxia-exposed adult rabbits. By varying the concentration of surfactant lipids (10, 25, and 50 mg/mL) and edema fluid proteins (0–280 mg/mL), we obtained a series of preparations with protein to surfactant lipid weight ratios ranging from 0 to 11.2. The surfactant activity of these various mixtures was analyzed with a pulsating bubble (at a lipid concentration of 10 mg/mL) or in experiments on immature new born rabbits (at lipid concentrations of 25 or 50 mg/mL). For the latter purpose, animals were delivered at a gestational age of 27 d and ventilated with a standardized sequence of insufflation pressures after receiving 0.1 mL of the surfactant-edema sample into the airways at birth. Nearly complete in vitro inhibition of surfactant (markedly delayed film adsorption and a minimum surface tension of 23 mN/m during pulsation) was observed at a protein to surfactant lipid ratio of 4.5. Under in vivo conditions, nearly complete surfactant inhibition (tidal volumes reduced to less than 20% of the values for littermates ventilated with the same pressure after receiving surfactant without admixture of edema fluid) was documented at a protein to surfactant lipid ratio of 11.2. Our data suggest that the functional properties of an immature neonatal lung, in which serum proteins tend to leak into the airspaces after the onset of ventilation, depend on the stoichiometric relation between surfactant lipids and inhibitory proteins in the lung liquid.
Le nouveau défi de la coordination des langages de modélisation. Gestion de l'hétérogénéité des modèles dans le développement et l'exécution de systèmes logiciels complexes

L'ingenierie dirigee par les modeles (IDM) vise a reduire la complexite accidentelle des developpements de systemes logiciels complexes. L'IDM vise a resoudre ce probleme par l'utilisation de techniques de modelisation qui prennent en charge la separation des preoccupations et la generation automatique des artefacts du systeme a partir de modeles (e.g., cas de tests, code d'implantation, scripts de deploiement et de configuration). Un modele decrit un aspect du systeme et est generalement cree ou derive pour un objectif particulier. Les modeles des differents aspects du systeme sont toutefois rarement manipules independamment les uns des autres. Les ingenieurs systemes sont donc confrontes a la tâche difficile de relier et synchroniser des informations issues de differents modeles. Les environnements modernes de conception et d'implantation de langages de modelisation offrent un bon support pour le developpement d'un langage de modelisation, mais offrent peu ou pas de support pour permettre une utilisation coordonnee de plusieurs langages de modelisation. Supporter l'utilisation conjointe de plusieurs langages de modelisation pour la definition d'un systeme correspond au defi que nous qualifions de coordination des langages de modelisation, c'est-a-dire l'utilisation de plusieurs langages de modelisation pour soutenir le developpement coordonne des aspects heterogenes d'un systeme. Dans cet article, nous faisons tout d'abord un bilan sur l'adoption de l'IDM et le constat de la multiplication des langages de modelisation dans les processus de developpement industriels. Nous exposons ensuite le nouveau defi que constitue la coordination des langages de modelisation, et presentons les pistes de solutions actuellement explorees par les partenaires de l'initiative GEMOC.
Epstein–Barr virus present in T cells or B cells shows differential effects on hemophagocytic symptoms associated with outcome in T-cell lymphomas

Abstract Non-specific peripheral (PTCL-NOS) and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) frequently show Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) expression in lymphoma or bystander B cells. However, whether EBV localization affects clinicopathologic features is unclear. We correlated EBV localization with clinicopathologic findings in PTCL-NOS (n = 63) and AITL (n = 26). PTCL-NOS showed EBV+ in 41%, with 22% in lymphoma T cells (T-EBV) and 19% in bystander B cells (B-EBV), and more EBV+ cells in T-EBV cases (39.3% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.003). Compared to B-EBV cases, T-EBV PTCL-NOS had higher rates of type II EBV latency (p = 0.003), leukopenia (p = 0.020) and hemophagocytosis (p = 0.061), which predicted a poor outcome (p < 0.001). In contrast, 88% of AITLs were EBV+, exclusively in B cells. EBV+ cases showed lower rates of hemophagocytosis (p = 0.006), but this was insignificant for prognosis. Therefore, hemophagocytic symptoms in PTCL-NOS are much more tightly associated with T-EBV and carry poor prognoses. In contrast, hemophagocytosis in AITL is correlated with EBV−, but is not significant for outcome.
The Impact of Advertising Attitudes on the Intensity of TV Ads Avoiding Behavior

This study seeks mainly to identify the impact of advertising attitudes on the intensity of TV advertisements avoiding behavior. It contributes to the very limited literature in the field of TV ads avoiding behaviour through comparing light and heavy TV ads avoiders in terms of their attitudes to TV ads. Discriminant analysis was used to discriminate between these two groups of TV ads avoiders and then t-test was used to investigate the hypothesis related to their attitudes to TV advertisements. Principal component factor analysis was also used to identify the different factors of attitudes towards TV ads. Six attitudinal factors were revealed: reliability of TV ads, value distortion, consumers’ showing off, enjoyment, usefulness of TV ads, and embarrassment. The study shows that the more negative the attitudes to TV ads, the greater the intensity of TV ads avoidance and vice versa. Advertisers should consider that ads avoidance is a real fact which cannot be ignored. Therefore, they must take this avoidance into consideration in planning and executing advertising campaigns. Finally, this study offers a number of academic and practical recommendations.
Conformational stability of HPr: The histidine‐containing phosphocarrier protein from Bacillus subtilis

The conformational stability of the histidine‐containing phosphocarrier protein (HPr) from Bacillus subtilis has been determined using a combination of thermal unfolding and solvent denaturation experiments. The urea‐induced denaturation of HPr was monitored spectroscopically at fixed temperatures and thermal unfolding was performed in the presence of fixed concentrations of urea. These data were analyzed in several different ways to afford a measure of the cardinal parameters (ΔHg, Tg, ΔSg, and ΔCp) that describe the thermodynamics of folding for HPr. The method of Pace and Laurents (Pace CN, Laurents DV, 1989, Biochemistry 28:2520–2525) was used to estimate ΔCP as was a global analysis of the thermal‐ and urea‐induced unfolding data. Each method used to analyze the data gives a similar value for ΔCp (1,170 Δ 50 cal mol−1 K−1). Despite the high melting temperature for HPr (Tg = 73.5 °C), the maximum stability of the protein, which occurs at 26 °C, is quite modest (AGs = 4.2 kcal mol−1). In the presence of moderate concentrations of urea, HPr exhibits cold denaturation, and thus a complete stability curve for HPr, including a measure of ΔCp, can be achieved using the method of Chen and Schellman (Chen B, Schellman JA, 1989, Biochemistry 28:685–691). A comparison of the different methods for the analysis of solvent denaturation curves is provided and the effects of urea on the thermal stability of this small globular protein are discussed. The methods presented will be of general utility in the characterization of the stability curve for many small proteins.
Flavour hierarchies and unification in string theory

En esta tesis se estudia el problema del sabor en el contexto de la Teoria de Cuerdas. En particular, se analiza como generar acoplos de Yukawa jerarquicos en modelos de gran unificacion en Teoria F al incluir efectos no perturbativos. Se construyen modelos locales realistas capaces de reproducir el patron de masas observado para quarks y leptones cargados, lo que justifica la motivacion inicial para considerar modelos en Teoria F. Ademas, se explora la posibilidad de tener simetrias discretas no abelianas que actuan sobre los grados de libertad de sabor en modelos de D-branas en la Tipo II, tanto intersecantes como magnetizadas. A traves de ejemplos sencillos se ve como las simetrias geometricas en dimensiones superiores pueden descender a este tipo de simetrias en 4d y si estas son exactas o aproximadas. Se construyen modelos explicitos basados en D-branas intersecantes en orbifolds toroidales que muestran como dichas simetrias afectan a los operadores de Yukawa. Finalmente, se estudia la mezcla cinetica entre diferentes grupos gauge U(1) en modelos de D-branas en orientifolds Calabi-Yau de la Tipo II. En particular, se explora una forma alternativa de calcular la mezcla abierta-cerrada por medio del efecto Witten y analizando el espacio de monopolos magneticos en 4d. Este procedimiento muestra que dicha mezcla tiene la interpretacion geometrica de equivalencia lineal de subvariedades. Ademas, utilizando geometria compleja generalizada se estudia la mezcla para D7-branas magnetizadas en la Tipo IIB y se extiende el concepto de equivalencia lineal para este caso. Finalmente, se calcula la mezcla del U(1) de hipercarga con el sector de U(1)s de cuerda cerrada en modelos de Teoria F de gran unificacion SU(5).
SensorControl forMulti-ObjectState-SpaceEstimation UsingRandomFinite Sets ⋆

The problem addressed in this paper is information theoretic sensor control for recursive Bayesian multi-object state-space estimation using random finite sets. The proposed algorithm is formulated in the framework of partially observed Markov decision processes where the reward function associated with different sensor actions is computed via the Rényi or alpha divergence between the multi-object prior and the multi-object posterior densities. The proposed algorithm in implemented via the sequential Monte Carlo method. The paper then presents a case study where the problem is to localise an unknown number of sources using a controllable moving sensor which provides range-only detections. Four sensor control reward functions are compared in the study and the proposed scheme is found to perform the best.
Issues of transition to adult care

Abstract A survey was carried out on adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, aged 15 to 18 years, to elicit their views on the process of transfer from paediatric to adult care. The survey provided information on what they expected from a health service during this period of their life, their views on the role of specialist physicians and other health professionals and their preferred age for transfer from a paediatric to an adult service. Young people value continuity of care by a physician whom they trust. They expect confidentiality and privacy, some degree of informality and optimal waiting room conditions when they attend for consultation. Almost all suggested that transfer of care should be after the age of 17 years. An understanding of the views and expectations of young people with a chronic illness such as diabetes should assist those who are responsible for the development of health care. It is recommended that transition services for young people with a chronic illness be developed at those children's and adult hospitals that provide specialist care for them.
Pharmacoangiography of the Left Gastric Artery in Oesophageal Varices

Roentgenologic examination of hepatic cirrhosis usually comprises (1) barium examination of the oesophagus to demonstrate oesophageal varices, (2) angiography of the coeliac artery to define the liver, splenic and portal veins and venous collaterals, (3) pharmacoangiography of the superior mesenteric artery with bradykinin or priscoline to demonstrate the portal vein and venous collaterals, (4) wedge pressure recording in one hepatic vein combined with phlebography with the catheter in the wedge position. Pharmacoangiography of the left gastric artery with bradykinin has also been added to the examination for portal hypertension when the venous collateral circulation in the wall of the fornix of the stomach and lower oesophagus cannot otherwise be demonstrated. Method. Selective catheterization of the left gastric artery is performed with a catheter (OD 2.2 mm, ID 1.4 mm). Ten p,g bradykinin are injected into the artery followed in 20 to 30 seconds by 30 ml of contrast medium (Isopaque Coronar, 370 mg lIml) at a rate of about 5 ml/s, Exposures are then made: l/s at two seconds, 2/s at five seconds and one every other second for 8 seconds. The vascular dilatation and increased blood flow produced by bradykinin will give high concentration of the contrast medium in the veins draining the stomach and make them easy to observe.
Measurement of the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) to Study Auditory Sensitivity in Mice

The ABR is an electroencephalographic response measured with scalp electrodes. It provides a quick, easy, and reliable method for physiological assessment of auditory sensitivity in mice. A series of brief tone pips or clicks is presented to an anesthetized mouse at a high rate of speed; each click evokes waves of neural activity in the brainstem that are computer‐averaged so they are differentiated from non‐auditory background voltages. The intensity of the clicks is reduced in steps until an ABR can no longer be discerned, thereby defining the ABR threshold, which is closely related to the hearing threshold. Key procedural issues are: (1) accurate calibration of the acoustics (what sounds arrive at the mouse's ear), (2) anesthetization of the mouse, (3) setting up the recording electrodes, (4) the protocol for presenting acoustic stimuli and obtaining thresholds, and (5) interpretation of ABR data.
Investigation of cross-lingual depression prediction possibilities based on speech processing

In this study a cross-lingual investigation is presented about prediction possibilities of depression on the base of speech processing. Our examination was performed on three European languages: German, Hungarian and Italian. Those acoustic features were selected, as input vector of the predictor, which correlate with the severity of depression in quasi language-independent way. Several mono and cross-lingual experiments were conducted. The method is even capable of predicting the severity of depression in the case of a language not used during the training of the model. The experiments clearly show that multilingual depression recognition can be achieved, and it should be possible to construct an automated diagnostic tool for detecting depression, or for patient monitoring, in a cross-lingual way.