Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Family Business in Bethlehem, Palestine: An Exploratory Study

This study is aimed at exploring the issue of family business. The main objectives of this study are first to probe and analyze the unique characteristics of family businesses in Bethlehem governorate. Second, to analyze the macro and micro environment in which businesses operate. Third, to identify major problems and challenges facing family businesses in Palestine with particular focus on the Bethlehem region.The study will contribute to the understanding of Palestinian family businesses operating in Bethlehem, an environment that is characterized by uncertainty, lack of stability and political unrest. It will contribute to the literature on the subject since this is the first study of its kind, to the researchers’ knowledge, that investigates family business in Bethlehem. The research will develop recommendations for improvement, thereby providing valuable insights that will have practical implications for business entrepreneurs, policy makers and consultants. To achieve these objectives , a questionnaire was developed and used. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 business managers and or owners of small businesses in different sectors in Bethlehem Governorate. The businesses were randomly selected. The findings revealed an absence of female entrepreneurs, lack of business plans, lack of IT awareness among entrepreneurs and inefficiency in utilizing resources. The findings also indicated that some family members are employees within their business, others responsible shareholders. The results have also shown great commitment on the part of managers and or owners to business continuity and sustainability. Palestinian entrepreneurs are motivated to achieve economic success and growth. They believe that the success of the business reflects well on the whole family and the failure will tarnish family name and image in society. For startups, the results indicate that personal savings are the primary sources of startup capital. Based on the findings it Corresponding author:1 sameerz@hebron.edu / 2 johnnyanastas@hotmail.com 1Dr. samir Ahmad Abu Znaid Associate Professor of Management and Marketing 2Johny Anastas Bethlehem University
A SURVEY OF THE EFFECT OF NETWORK PARAMETERS ON A SURVEY OF THE EFFECT OF NETWORK PARAMETERS ON COMMUNICATION LINKS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS COMMUNICATION LINKS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

- In the wireless sensor networks, the communication links between sensor nodes is important. This paper presents the analysis on the effect of parameters of network size, number of nodes and communication ranges on the number of communication links in the sensor network systems. The MATLAB tool is used for deployment of sensor nodes in various area fields.
Effects of Hookah/Waterpipe Smoking (WPS) on the Cardiovascular System: A Review Article

Background: Water pipe smoking is prevalent in every single country and the practice of tobacco smoking with hookah/waterpipe is increasing globally, mostly among young adults. In this study, we aim to review the articles related to the hookah/waterpipe smoking (WPS) that discuss its outcomes on the body, with an emphasis on the cardiovascular effects. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify the studies that dealt with the prevalence of hookah/WPS and its detrimental effects on the health, particularly the cardiovascular (CV) system. The searched databases included PubMed, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The keywords and medical subject headings related to the hookah smoking were identified prior to initiating the search. We also examined the reference sections of all selected articles to identify other relevant reports. Results: Several studies suggested that hookah smoke contains harmful substances and causes acute adverse effects on the CV system. These effects include an immediate increase in heart rate and systolic blood pressure, a decrease in heart variability and increase in coronary blood flow. Various long-term effects such as higher blood pressure and high heart rates were also observed in people with established CV disease. WPS has a direct association with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and abdominal obesity. Conclusion: Hookah/Waterpipe smoking significantly effects the heart rate, blood pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, tissue oxygenation, and vascular function. There is a need to study these effects and increase awareness about the associated hazards in a similar manner as of cigarette smoking.
EMPATHY AND TEAMWORK: REFLECTIONS ON THE LEGACY OF CLAUDIO CIBORRA THROUGH THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF EDITH STEIN

Claudio Ciborra argued that the position of information and communications technology (ICT) in organisations requires a shift from the present focus on the “scientific paradigm” to an “alternative centre of gravity: human existence in everyday life”. The paper proposes to make a contribution by examining the role of “empathy” in relationships among people working in industrial teams. Relevance is addressed by means of empirical evidence that emerged during interviews carried out in the longitudinal case-study of a supply chain transformation initiative in American Power Conversion (APC) Ireland. Rigour is applied by building on the legacy of Ciborra viewed through the lens of the phenomenology of Edith Stein which was developed during her doctoral studies as a student of Edmund Husserl. Furthermore it is proposed that Stein’s philosophy of “empathy” can provide a theoretical framework for the understanding of organizations, teamwork and information systems. The concept can also provide impetus for future work in the area of human computer interaction (HCI) that is increasingly being employed in automated business transactions. In addition, it is suggested that Husserl’s proposition that “an objective external world can only be experienced inter-subjectively” has the potential to contribute some new insights to the present impasse within the positivist-interpretivist debate.
Interscience Management Review Interscience

: The field of soft computing embraces several techniques that have been inspired by nature but are mathematical. These techniques are artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary algorithms. Often these techniques are considered part of artificial intelligence, however the name artificial intelligence is more properly given to techniques which try to capture and emulate biological intelligence, such as expert systems and thinking computers. This paper focuses on the technology transfer issues and solutions when using soft computing for off line control of manufacturing processes. This paper will discuss each of these three techniques – neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary algorithms - in turn and how they might be used in manufacturing. The kind of problems these techniques are best suited for will be defined, and competing techniques will be compared and contrasted.
Donor-site morbidity following osteochondral autologous transplantation

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Studies on different acid lime cultivars reaction to isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis PV. Citri

In present research work Sixteen different isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri were tested on different acid lime cultivars. The pathogenicity was confirmed by reaction of these isolates on different citrus cultivars by inoculation. It was found that variety Chankradhar was most susceptible to all the isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and expressed symptoms in 3 -10 days after inoculation. Xac1 and Xac12 produced symptoms on cultivar Chankradhar 3 days after inoculation followed by Xac 2, Xac11 and Xac16. However, only two Xac isolates viz. Xac12 and Xac 13 were produced symptoms on cultivar Bagalipattu and expressed symptoms within 4 day of inoculation. The isolate Xac12 and Xac14 represented distinct nature of virulence as it initiated water soaked lesion within three to six days. Tahiti was found resistant against all isolates as none of the isolate was able to cause the disease.
International Journal of Global Technology Initiatives ISSN 2320-1207

The design of bandpass filter is an interesting topic because here the designing of filter is based on microstrip lines. The bandpass filters are very important for communication systems because they can reduce the harmonic and spurious emissions for transmitters and may improve the rejection of interferences for receivers. The main aim of this paper is to design the bandpass filter by using the microstrip lines. This paper describes about the design and fabrication steps of microstrip band pass filter with the range of lower cutoff frequency is 1.6 GHz to the higher cutoff frequency range is 1.9 GHz. The load and source impedance of microstrip filter is of 50 ohms. The output resistance is 50 ohms. The chebyshev type of hairpin structured bandpass filter is chosen with 0.2dB of passband ripple and the order of filter is 5th order [1]. The stopband attenuation is 60dB. The substrate used for designing the filter is FR-4 substrate. The development of the microstrip filter are simulated by using the Agilent Genesy‟s software. The final stage testing will be done by using the vector network analyzer.
Indian Spices Enhance the Activities of Antibiotics against Human Pathogens Synergistically

Background: Bacterial pathogens are considered as predominant cause of human diseases throughout the world. Until recently, antibiotics were considered as promising agents against most bacterial pathogens but recent reports suggest that there is growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics creating a global healthcare problem. Aim and Objectives: To investigate the synergistic antibacterial potential of three different antibiotics including Vancomycin, Clindamycin and Cefotaxime with three popular Indian spices namely Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Dalchini), Trachysparmum ammi (Ova) and Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) against human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Material and Methods: Fourier-transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was performed to detect molecular changes occurring while synergistic exposure of antibiotics and spices on pathogenic microbes. The addition of spices extracts showed enhanced activity of antibiotics against the pathogens however degree of antibiosis was varied according to bacterial species. Inhibition Zones (IZ) ranged from 0.034 mm. The highest IZ of 34.33 mm was found against S. aureus where a combination of Cefotaxime and C. zeylanicum were applied. The synergy of spice extracts with antibiotics revealed an increase in the bactericidal activity of standard antibiotics against pathogens. FTIR spectral analysis showed that, microorganisms showing resistance to antibiotics (Vancomycin and Clindamycin), alters important functional groups of antibiotics might be resulting in decreased antimicrobial performance. FTIR spectra's revealed common bands in antibiotics and spices such as nitroamines, aromatic phosphorus, benzene, bromide, carboxylic group, aliphatic esters, sulphonamides, primary alcohols, aliphatic ether, acid anhydride conjugate ring with ketone and azo compounds, aromatic ethers, sulphonil chloride, sulphoamide etc. Interestingly, there was increased antimicrobial response for synergism when decreased concentration of antibiotics and increased concentration of spice extracts were used. Conclusion: This investigation suggests that, spice extract could be used independently and in combination to elevate the performance of antibiotics which addresses the issue of drug resistance in human pathogens.
A Case of Gonadal Dysgenesis 46 XX Associated with MayerRokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome: A Rare Co-Existence

Introduction: Gonadal dysgenesis 46 XX along with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome is a very rare coexistence. Due to the rarity of disease exact genetic cause cannot be hypothesized. Case report: This is a case of 30 year old lady with primary amenorrhea. She had SSC of Tanner stage II, blind vagina, absent uterus and streak gonads on USG. Her hormone levels were in postmenopausal range. Her karyotype was 46 XX. Discussion: The coexistence of these two rare syndromes presents as amenorrhea and infertility. The treatment options are limited, with hormone replacement to prevent osteoporosis and
Laboratory Evaluation of the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Construction and Stone Factories Waste in Terms of Compressive and Tensile Strength

Nowadays, the rapid growth of waste production and, especially, construction wastes has become one of the main problems in societies. In the world, reinforced concrete structures are destructed for different reasons. These destructions generate increasing values of waste. Furthermore, there are several stone factories in every region that produce a large volume of decorative construction stone wastes. This experimental study has investigated the effect of using recycled aggregates of construction and stone factory wastes in concrete production. Different tests were performed on concrete samples in fresh state (slump) and hardened concrete (compressive and tensile strength and modulus of elasticity). The optimal percentage for replacement of each of the recycled materials was determined based on comparing the results of laboratory tests. Finally, a proper mix design was proposed for both recycled aggregate samples, and a comprehensive report of the results was also provided.
Variations in Transaction Costs and Monetary Policy

In this paper the New Keynesian model is modified in order to include an explicit transaction technology. This technology integrates an endogenous foundation to money into the model. The resulting model is used to analyze the effects of shocks to the transaction technology. Additionally, a comparative analysis of monetary policy shocks for two versions of the model distinguished by different total factor productivities in the transaction technology is conducted. Thus the impact of transaction cost variations on the monetary transmission mechanism is studied. Specifically, the model analyzes changes in the relative contribution of different transmission channels to the overall transmission process due to the mentioned variations in transaction costs.
A Dynamic Unconstrained Feature Matching Algorithm for Face Recognition

Since the last three decades, face detection and recognition have become very active and a huge part of image processing research. Front view/direction face recognition has proved promising results with many constraints. In real-world applications like video surveillance, missing investigation, front views cannot be guaranteed as input. Hence the failure rates can degrade the performance of the face recognition system. In this paper, a new partial face recognition system proposed. It is used to overcome the drawbacks of the face recognition system, which based on the front view detection and recognition system. This partial face recognition can also be termed as Unconstrained Dynamic Feature Matching (U-DFM); it does not require prior knowledge of angle, direction, and view. The U-DFM method combines Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) and Ambiguity Sensitive Matching Classifier (AMC). The U-DFM addresses various face sizes problem of partial face recognition. The algorithm will be testing with CASIA-NIR-Mobile, LFW, and CAISA-NIRDistance databases and will prove better results than traditional algorithms.
A Survey of Fault Location Techniques for Distribution Networks

Since recent societies become more hooked into electricity, a higher level of power supply continuity is required from power systems. The expansion of those systems makes them liable to electrical faults and several failures are raised due to totally different causes. As a result of these failures, the faulty element ought to be disconnected and isolated as soon as possible to reduce the damage and remove the emergency state from the whole system. Power quality considerations impose the grid to spot the faulted area as rapidly as doable, which forces utility operators in speeding up fault detection and system recovery and subsequently decreasing blackout time and pertinent costs. All these conditions have raised incredible significances about investigating methods and techniques used for fast detecting of faulted area, thus this matter needs to be pulled in broad consideration among researchers in power systems. In this paper, a comparative environment classifies and surveys a wide number of fault location procedures for distribution networks. The paper can be considered as a guide for operating engineers and researchers to settle on the foremost viable plausibility backed their existing framework and necessities
lssrr o924-7815 RECONSTRUCTING GROWTH THEORY: A SURVEY

Recent developments in the theory of economic growth aim at endogenising long-run growth. The paper discusses models in which technological change arises as a byproduct of certain economic activities as well as models where some economic actions are explicitly aimed at technological imprwements. In addition, separate sections are devoted to the specific reconstruction of growth theory by M. Scott and models explaining stages of economic development. For expositional purposes the algebra is kept to a minimum. The focus is on theoretical models for a closed economy. Empirical work is only mentioned in passing.
Evaluation of ecotoxicity and inactivation of bacteria during ozonation of treated wastewater

Treated wastewater may be a valuable source of water and/or nutrients for crop production and fish farming. Disinfection of treated wastewater should be performed to protect water resources against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, as well as micropollutants contained in effluents. However, in the case of ozonation of treated wastewater, a large portion of contaminants do not undergo complete mineralization and can be transformed into by-products of unknown toxicity. The research performed in this study by culture-dependent and independent methods showed that the inactivation of bacteria in treated wastewater by ozonation does not take place effectively and may depend on the presence of other contaminants that may first react with the disinfectant. Some bacterial cells proved to be damaged by a disinfectant to the extent that they were unable to grow on nutrient media, but they were still viable and potentially posing a sanitary threat. Possible reasons for the disinfection failure were investigated and discussed. Ecotoxicity tests with algae Desmodesmus quadricauda, crustacean Daphnia magna, and bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri showed that by-products may be formed during ozonation of treated wastewater which is toxic to aquatic organisms. The toxicity class of treated wastewater may change from the completely non-toxic to very high hazard category, and there is a clear relationship between the time of ozonation and the increase in ecotoxicity.
Matrine exerts anti-breast cancer activity by mediating apoptosis and protective autophagy via the AKT/mTOR pathway in MCF-7 cells

Matrine, a major alkaloid isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens, has been used clinically to treat breast cancer in China. However, the effects of matrine on apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells remain unclear. In the present study, the anti-breast cancer capacity of matrine was evaluated and its role in regulating apoptosis and autophagy in vitro was investigated. Matrine significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells. In addition, Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that incubation with matrine induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, matrine induced autophagy in MCF-7 cells, manifesting as an accumulation of light chain 3 II and downregulation of p62. Additionally, matrine suppressed AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, indicating that the AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in matrine-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that matrine possesses anti-breast cancer activity by providing protective autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. These findings indicated that matrine may be a promising candidate for drug development targeting breast cancer.
Comparative study between L-carnitine versus co-enzyme Q10 as an adjuvant therapy to clomiphene resistant pcos women on improving pregnancy rate and prevention of early pregnancy loss

Aim of the work: Compare the effectiveness of L-carnitine versus Co-enzyme Q10 on improving pregnancy rates and decraese the rate of early pregnancy loss in patients with PCO resistant to clomiphene citrate.Setting and Design: A prospective randomized controlled study conducted in infertility clinic of a tertiary care center from June 2017 to June 2019.Patients and Methods: A total of 225 subjects presenting with infertility and diagnosed with PCOS (based on Rotterdam criteria 2003) and resistant to clomiphene citrate were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A: received clomiphene citrate (CC) only, Group B: received clomiphene citrate plus L-carnitine (2gm). Group C: received clomiphene citrate plus co- enzyme Q10 (200 mg). Main outcome measures include the ovulation rate, cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) are the primary outcome measures.Results: The ovulation rate was significantly higher among the groups B,C compared to group A (62.5%, 66.6% vs 18.3% respectively). Total number of cases who get pregnant were higher in Group B 35(47.3%), Group C 33(44.6%) compared to Group A 6(8.1%). Cumulative Clinical pregnancy rate was 3%, 49.3%, and 47.8% for Group A, Group B, and Group C, respectively. The abortion rate was low in Group B 4 % and significantly lower in Group C 2.7% compared to Group A 6.7%. Conclusion: Adding either L-carnitine or Co-enzyme Q10 to clomiphene citrate in patients with clomiphene-resistant PCOS were beneficial in increasing the quality of ovulation, the clinical pregnancy rate ،also in decreasing the rate of early pregnancy loss.
European Journal of Foreign Language Teaching-ISSN 2501-1754

Differentiation instruction is a tool which helps teachers to meet the learners’ needs. Teacher in a differentiated classroom believes in the capacity of every learner to succeed, scaffolds next steps of every learner in a progression of learning objectives and creates a classroom which actively supports the growth of each individual learner (Tomlinson, 2014). This article examines the implementation of differentiated instruction in English reading classes in Kazakhstan. It investigates teachers’ attitude towards differentiated instruction and implementation of it. A gap was revealed between teacher’s actual practice of differentiation with their declared practice of it. This article also explores the reading learning objectives which are challenging for high school learners to achieve and teachers to teach. Teachers experienced difficulties with the objectives which require analysis of the text; most learners, on the other hand, reported experiencing no difficulties in achieving the learning objectives.