Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interferon‐Based Combination Anti‐Viral Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus After Liver Transplantation: A Review and Quantitative Analysis

Recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation (LT) is universal. However, the efficacy, tolerability and safety of combination interferon and ribavirin (IFN–RIB) or peginterferon and ribavirin (PEG–RIB) anti‐viral therapies post‐LT are uncertain. We performed a comprehensive search of major medical databases (1980–2005) and conference proceedings (1996–2005). The main outcome measure was sustained virological response (SVR, undetectable HCV RNA) at 6 months. Summary estimates were calculated using random‐effects models. Twenty‐seven IFN–RIB and 21 PEG–RIB studies were included. IFN–RIB was associated with a pooled SVR rate of 24% (95% CI, 20–27%), while PEG–RIB was associated with an SVR rate of 27% (23–31%). Pooled discontinuation rates were 24% (21–27%) with IFN–RIB and 26% (20–32%) with PEG–RIB. The pooled rate of acute graft rejection was 2% (1–3%) with IFN–RIB and 5% (3–7%) with PEG–RIB. IFN–RIB and PEG–RIB therapies in HCV infection post‐LT were associated with similar but overall low SVR and were poorly tolerated. The rate of acute rejection was small. The therapeutic advantage of PEG–RIB therapy observed in non‐transplant chronic HCV infection appears to be attenuated post‐LT. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate reasons for this post‐transplant therapeutic disadvantage and to find strategies to ameliorate them.
Adrenal steroids as modulators of nerve cell function.

Adrenal steroids modulate the function of nerve cells. Some, but not all actions of these steroids take place after binding to intracellular receptor systems and translocation of the steroid-receptor complex into the cell nucleus. Studies on the rat brain revealed heterogeneity of receptors. One population of receptor sites is present in abundance in extrahypothalamic limbic brain regions, e.g. neurons of the hippocampus, septum and amygdala. This neuronal receptor system displays a stringent binding specificity towards corticosterone, which is the naturally occurring glucocorticoid of the rat. Focussing the studies on the corticosterone receptor system in hippocampal neurons has provided further insight in the understanding of some of the actions of the steroid. Certain hippocampus-associated behaviors and indices of neurotransmission (serotonin) were disturbed after removal of the adrenals, but selectively restored after replacement with a low dose of corticosterone. The specificity, localization and dose-dependency of the corticosterone action on behavior and neurotransmission corresponds to the properties of its receptor system. The responsiveness to corticosterone is altered after changes in number of receptor sites. Chronic stress or high doses of exogenous corticosterone cause a long-term reduction. Other factors involved in regulation of receptor number are the neurotransmitter serotonin and neuropeptides related to ACTH and vasopressin. These substances restore changes in number of hippocampal corticosterone receptor sites due to aging, endocrine or neural deficiencies. Our results show that the number of corticosterone receptors is a sensitive index for brain functioning. Thus, the receptor system mediates some of the modulatory actions of corticosterone on nerve cell function and it may adjust its capacity under the influence of neural and endocrine factors.
Extraction of Physical and Expressive Parameters for Model-Based Sound Synthesis of the Classical Guitar

The calibration of model parameters is a crucial subproblem for realistic model-based sound synthesis. This paper describes the revision of the calibration process of a classical guitar model, and extends the parameter extraction procedure to capture information about performance characteristics, such as the damping regimes, repeated plucks, vibrato characteristics, different pluck styles and dynamic variations.
Erythremic myelosis (Dl Guglielmo's disease); critical review with report of four cases, and comments on erythroleukemia.

This article represents a critical attempt to survey the cumulative information of the rare syndrome ordinarily called Di Guglielmo’s disease. The historical background lies predominately in Europe, more particularly in Italy, where the recording of cases has been fairly extensive and where interpretation has been pioneered. The present study does not presume to be definitive. It attempts to trace the thinking that has gone before, and to define the terms of reference so as not to compound nosologic confusion. It presents examples of cases in the literature acceptable diagnostically by definition. Criteria for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic erythremic myelosis and erythroleukemia are offered. These three conditions are regarded as variants of reticulo-endotheliosis. This conclusion is based on what is known of the pathogenesis, and on what has been observed clinically and hematologically. All evaluation is necessarily offered with the reservations that must be held regarding a rare disease of unknown etiology.
Two Level Diagnosis of Breast Cancer using Data Mining

Cancer is a dreadful disease. Mostly women affected with breast cancer disease. Mainly problem in medical science is to diagnosis of breast cancer at early stage. So the early detection of breast cancer is important for saving life. In this work, develop method for diagnosis of breast cancer at two levels. At the first level diagnosis is based Wisconsin Breast Cancer dataset (pathological test result) and classified into malignant and benign class. At the second level diagnosis based on pathological and physiological parameters of malignant breast cancer dataset and classified into five breast cancer disease as: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ(DCIS), Lobular Carcinoma in Situ(LCIS), Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(IDC), Invasive Lobular Carcinoma(ILC) and Mucinous Carcinoma(MC). In this paper evaluate the performance based on correct and incorrect element of data classification using J48 classification algorithm. The experiment result shows that classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of J48 is good.
Retraction: “Chronic Intoxication with Cobalt following Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty”

Chronic intoxication with cobalt in a male implanted with an uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a ceramic-on-ceramic bearing. Three years postoperatively the acetabular ceramic liner fractured necessitating revision. The bearing couple was revised to a metal-on-polyethylene articulation. 20 months postoperatively, the patient represented with a dislocated THA. The patient presented with symptoms and signs of chronic intoxication with heavy metals, including quadriparesis, hypothyreosis, cardiomyopathy and perceptive amblyacousia. Severe metallosis was discovered at revision. High concentrations of cobalt, chromium and titanium were found in the serum, blood, pericardial exudate, urine and hair. On the basis of this experience the authors recommend always using a ceramic-on-ceramic pairing when revising fractured ceramic bearings.
Cervical Laminoplasty: Use of a Novel Titanium Plate to Maintain Canal Expansion—Surgical Technique

Cervical laminoplasty is a technique used to achieve spinal cord decompression in cases of myelopathy or myeloradiculopathy. The most common reason for failure of this technique is restenosis due to hinge closure. Various techniques have been employed to hold the laminar “door” open while the body heals the lamina hinge in the new expanded position. Ideally, a method of achieving laminar fixation should be technically straightforward, provide secure laminar fixation, and be rapid to minimize the risk of iatrogenic injuries, blood loss, and operative time. The authors describe the use of a novel plate designed to accomplish these goals. The technical issues relevant to performing the laminoplasty and securing the laminae are discussed. The plate has been proven biomechanically to be equal or superior to the currently used techniques. The use of this plate will allow the patient to engage in an early active rehabilitation protocol—while minimizing the risk of restenosis of the canal. This may ultimately lead to better preservation of motion and decreased axial neck pain following laminoplasty.
Gene expression Probe-level measurement error improves accuracy in detecting differential gene expression

Motivation: Finding differentially expressed genes is a fundamental objective of a microarray experiment. Numerous methods have been proposed to perform this task. Existing methods are based on point estimates of gene expression level obtained from each microarray experiment. This approach discards potentially useful information about measurement error that can be obtained from an appropriate probe-level analysis. Probabilistic probe-level models can be used to measure gene expression and also provide a level of uncertainty in thismeasurement. This probe-levelmeasurement error providesuseful information which can help in the identification of differentially
Rabies Virus Nucleoprotein Functions To Evade Activation of the RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Response

ABSTRACT The rabies virus Ni-CE strain causes nonlethal infection in adult mice after intracerebral inoculation, whereas the parental Nishigahara (Ni) strain kills mice. We previously reported that the chimeric CE(NiN) strain with the N gene from the Ni strain in the genetic background of the Ni-CE strain kills adult mice, indicating that the N gene is related to the different pathogenicities of Ni and Ni-CE strains. In the present study, to obtain an insight into the mechanism by which the N gene determines viral pathogenicity, we compared the effects of Ni, Ni-CE, and CE(NiN) infections on host gene expressions using a human neuroblastoma cell line. Microarray analysis of these infected cells revealed that the expression levels of particular genes in Ni- and CE(NiN)-infected cells, including beta interferon (IFN-β) and chemokine genes (i.e., CXCL10 and CCL5) were lower than those in Ni-CE-infected cells. We also demonstrated that Ni-CE infection activated the interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3)-dependent IFN-β promoter and induced IRF-3 nuclear translocation more efficiently than did Ni or CE(NiN) infection. Furthermore, we showed that Ni-CE infection, but not Ni or CE(NiN) infection, strongly activates the IRF-3 pathway through activation of RIG-I, which is known as a cellular sensor of virus infection. These findings indicate that the N protein of rabies virus (Ni strain) has a function to evade the activation of RIG-I. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the Mononegavirales N protein functions to evade induction of host IFN and chemokines.
Mouse mammary tumor virus production by thymic epithelial cells in vivo

Exogenous mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV) replicate in the mammary glands of infected females, and so infect the suckling pups. We have previously shown that the virus is rapidly disseminated to all the lymphoid organs, including the thymus. The present electron microscope immunohistochemical study describes the viral production site in the thymus. Viral buds and viral proteins were restricted to the thymus medullary epithelial cells. MMTV‐encoded proteins were identified on the free viral particles and on the budding ones, the ribosomes, the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, and on the membrane of the medullary type II epithelial cell vacuolar network. The thymus medullary epithelial cells can thus integrate the virus and allow viral replication. The results support earlier results indicating that in some experimental conditions, epithelial cells may be involved in MMTV‐induced negative selection by showing that thymic epithelial cells do express MMTV‐encoded proteins.
Pots, Parties, and Politics: Communal Feasting in the American Southwest

Communal feasting is evaluated as a political resource in the northern Southwest from A.D. 850 to present along three axes: scale of participation and finance, frequency and structure of occurrence, and the resources used. Feasting is a recurrent social practice that has consistently facilitated social integration within Southwest communities, but has shown considerable variation through time. Prior to about A.D. 1275 communal feasting appears to have been more of a source of differentiation within communities than it was after this date, when feasting became truly communal and integrative, as it is today within Puebloan communities. At the same time, feasting also became inter-communal in scale and apparently played a role in the ritual differentiation of individual communities within larger clusters. It is suggested that these changes in the role of feasting had little to do with ecological or environmental variables, but instead reflect the pervasive cultural, social, and religious changes that occurred at this time throughout the Southwest.
Hepatoprotective effects of remote perconditioning during renal

Background: Novel treatment strategies are required to reduce the development of hepatic injury during surgical procedure in which renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) is inevitable. Remote perconditioning (rPeC) has been proved to reduce the extent of kidney damages induced by renal IR injury. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of rPeC against hepatic injury caused by renal ischemia. Methods: Male rats were subjected to the right nephrectomy and randomized as: sham, no additional intervention; IR, 45 min of left renal pedicle occlusion; rPeC, four cycles of 5-min limb IR administered at the beginning of renal ischemia. After 24-h of reperfusion, the plasma and tissue samples were taken. Results: A signifi cant improvement in hepatic functional injury and oxidative damages were observed in the rPeC group compared to the IR group. However, histological evaluation and plasma levels of TNF-α revealed no signifi cant difference among groups. Conclusions: It is concluded that rPeC exerted protective effects on renal IR-induced hepatic injury as a remote organ. The protection may be a consequence of the reduction in oxidative stress in the liver. This simple approach may be a promising strategy against IR-induced remote organ damages in the clinical practice (Fig. 4, Ref. 23). Text in PDF www.elis. sk.
Defining the replication program through the chromatin landscape

DNA replication is an essential cell cycle event required for the accurate and timely duplication of the chromosomes. It is essential that the genome is replicated accurately and completely within the confines of S-phase. Failure to completely copy the genome has the potential to result in catastrophic genomic instability. Replication initiates in a coordinated manner from multiple locations, termed origins of replication, distributed across each of the chromosomes. The selection of these origins of replication is a dynamic process responding to both developmental and tissue-specific signals. In this review, we explore the role of the local chromatin environment in regulating the DNA replication program at the level of origin selection and activation. Finally, there is increasing molecular evidence that the DNA replication program itself affects the chromatin landscape, suggesting that DNA replication is critical for both genetic and epigenetic inheritance.
Hysteresis in the Perception of Visual Unity - Confirmation of a Neural Network Model Prediction

In response to a simulated retinal image of an object, the recurrent input to a richly connected artificial neural network organizes into a connected open set (COS) of ionic conductance values, which models the continuity and unity of a visual object. As the density of light dots on a dark background increases and then decreases, a COS appears at a density that is higher than that at which it disappears (hysteresis). This experiment tested the hypothesis that humans will show hysteresis similar to that of the simulation. In addition, the effect of dot lightness on the perception of a unified visual object was also tested.
eview indfulness meditation-related pain relief : Evidence for unique brain echanisms in the regulation of pain

The cognitive modulation of pain is influenced by a number of factors ranging from attention, beliefs, conditioning, expectations, mood, and the regulation of emotional responses to noxious sensory events. Recently, mindfulness meditation has been found attenuate pain through some of these mechanisms including enhanced cognitive and emotional control, as well as altering the contextual evaluation of sensory events. This review discusses the brain mechanisms involved in mindfulness meditation-related
Herpesvirus infections and allergic sensitization in children of families with anthroposophic and non‐anthroposophic lifestyle – the ALADDIN birth cohort

Growing up in families with an anthroposophic lifestyle has been associated with reduced risk of allergic disease in children. The aim of this report was to assess whether children with this lifestyle are infected earlier with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), which has been associated with reduced risk of allergic disease, and three other herpesviruses potentially involved in allergy development, namely Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7) and cytomegalovirus (CMV).
Masked Hypertension and Left Atrial Dysfunction: A Hidden Association

Masked hypertension (MH) is a clinical condition that indicates normal values of clinic blood pressure (BP) but elevated 24‐hour BP. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between MH and left atrial (LA) phasic function evaluated by both the volumetric and speckle tracking method. This cross‐sectional study included 49 normotensive individuals, 50 patients with MH, and 70 untreated sustained hypertensive patients adjusted by age and sex. MH was diagnosed if clinic BP was normal and 24‐hour BP was increased. LA reservoir function was lower in patients with MH and those with sustained hypertension compared with the normotensive group. LA conduit function gradually decreased, while LA booster pump function progressively increased, from normotension to sustained hypertension. Similar results were obtained by two‐dimensional echocardiographic strain analysis. Independently of main clinic and echocardiographic characteristics, 24‐hour systolic BP was associated with LA passive ejection fraction, LA total longitudinal strain, LA positive longitudinal strain, and LA stiffness index. In conclusion, MH is associated with impairment of LA phasic function and stiffness, and 24‐hour systolic BP increment was closely related with LA remodeling.
Brain Activation Profiles During the Early Stages of Reading Acquisition

In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time the presence of an aberrant brain mechanism for reading in children who have just started acquiring reading skills. Children who, at the end of kindergarten, are found to be at risk for developing reading problems display markedly different activation profiles than children who have, at this stage, already mastered important prereading skills. This aberrant profile is characterized by the lack of engagement of the left-hemisphere superior temporal region, an area normally involved in converting print into sound, and an increase in activation in the corresponding right-hemisphere region. This finding is consistent with current cognitive models of reading acquisition and dyslexia, pointing to the critical role of phonologic awareness skills in learning to read. (J Child Neurol 2002;17:159-163).
Conceptual Design of a Single DOF Human-Like Eight-Bar Leg Mechanism

Legs are the most important elements for accomplishing human physical work including transportation or displacement. The article presents a mechanical reproduction of the human walking apparatus. Using design rules, a final mechanism configuration is achieved such that the crank is a binary link connected to a binary ground link. The resulting linkage is a single degree-of-freedom (DOF) eight-bar mechanism. The mechanism exemplifies the shape and movement of a human leg. The mechanism is simulated and tested to verify the proposed synthesis.
Purification, Gene Cloning, and Reconstitution of the Heterotrimeric Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein from Schizosaccharomyces pombe*

We have purified a single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Sp) and have shown that it is composed of three subunits of 68, 30, and 12 kDa. The SpSSB supports T antigen-dependent unwinding of SV40 ori containing DNA, but is not functional in the SV40 in vitro replication reaction. All three genes that encode the SpSSB subunit have been isolated. The cloned cDNA of the ssb1+, encoding the p68 subunit, contains 609 amino acids (68.3 kDa), while that of the ssb2+, encoding the p30 subunit, contains a 279 amino acids (30.3 kDa). The genomic DNA clone of the p12 subunit gene (ssb3+) has 2 introns and an open reading frame of 104 amino acids (11.8 kDa). Significant homology is observed among the largest and middle subunits of eukaryotic SSBs, but there is poor homology among the smallest subunits. In addition, we have reconstituted the SpSSB complex by coexpression of all three subunits in Escherichia coli. The reconstituted complex is active in single-stranded DNA binding and the T antigen-dependent unwinding of SV40 ori DNA. Finally, we observed a cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation pattern of the p30 subunit of SpSSB, which is similar to that observed for the human and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SSB.
Surface Impedance Modeling of Plasmonic Circuits at Optical Communication Wavelengths

A novel surface impedance model is developed to analyze plasmonic circuits supporting long range surface plasmon polaritons (LR-SPP). The analysis is carried out in two steps. First, a higher order approximation of the surface impedance is obtained for the metal strip through a 2-D analysis of the waveguide cross section. Second, the developed surface impedance boundary condition is incorporated in the mixed potential integral equation formulation of the problem, and the method of moments is employed to find the unknown surface current distributions on the strips carrying LR-SPP. In other words, in this method, the volumetric currents flowing inside the metal are substituted by a surface current model flowing on an infinitely thin strip characterized by the developed surface impedance model. This procedure reduces the number of unknowns significantly, in this way increasing the speed of simulation. Validity and accuracy of the proposed model are demonstrated by analyzing three popular LR-SPP circuits.