Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mouse preimplantation embryo development in vitro: Effectof sodium concentration in culture media on RNA synthesis and accumulation and gene expression

Results of previous studies indicate that culture of preipmlantation mouse embryos in SOM medium containing 85 mM NaCl promotes better development in vitro, as well as supporting higher rates of protein synthesis, when compared to culture in SOM containing 125 mM NaCl (Anbari and Schultz, 1993, Mol Reprod Dev 35:24–28; Biggers et al., 1993, Mol Reprod Dev 34:380–390). In the present study we compare the effect of culturing embryos in these 2 media on several aspects of RNA synthesis and gene expression in order to determine whether the reduced development in SOM containing 125 mM NaCI and lower rates of protein synthesis are correlated with decreases in RNA synthesis and stability and changes in gene expression. Although no apparent differences in the metabolism of [3H]uridine to UMP, UDP, and UTP and its incorporation into total RNA are observed when 2‐cell embryos are cultured to the morula stage in either medium, a 20% decrease in the rate of mRNA synthesis is found when embryos are cultured in SOM containing 125 mM NaCl. In addition, pulse‐chase experiments reveal that total mRNA is less stable when the embryos are cultured in SOM containing 125 mM NaCl. Using a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction to assay for changes in the relative amounts of specific mRNAs, the relative amounts of mRNAs for IGF‐I and IGF‐II and their cognate receptors are dramatically reduced in embryos cultured in SOM containing 125 mM NaCl, whereas only a mild reduction is observed in the relative amount of actin mRNA. In contrast, when freshly isolated morulae are cultured to the blastocyst stage in either of these 2 media, similar amounts of these mRNAs are observed. Last, high‐resolution, 2‐dimensional gel electrophoresis reveals significant changes in the pattern of protein synthesis when the embryos are cultured in SOM containing 125 mM NaCl. Results of these experiments suggest that culture of embryos in medium containing lower concentrations of NaCl that are normally present in various culture media results in higher rates of mRNA synthesis and greater mRNA stability. These changes in RNA synthesis may underlie, at least in part, the improved development in vitro that is fostered by SOM containing 85 mM NaCl. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Study of Monkey-Malaria, and Its Experimental Transmission to Man

new and probably extensive field for scientific enquiry having opened out? it is advisable to take stock of the position, to outline a future programme, and to lay a foundation, as it were, before proceeding to further work which may take months (or more probably years) of investigation. Both these factors enter into the report which follows; our studies in monkeymalaria have only extended over the past nine months, but we are anxious to clear the ground for future investigation by the publication of this preliminary report. As far as possible we hope to make this report a brief one, and to omit all unnecessary detail, leaving full protocols, etc., for future publications. In what follows there are four main point
Intelligent Disaster Response via Social Media Analysis A Survey

The success of a disaster relief and response process is largely dependent on timely and accurate information regarding the status of the disaster, the surrounding environment, and the a ected people. This information is primarily provided by rst responders on-site and can be enhanced by the firsthand reports posted in real-time on social media. Many tools and methods have been developed to automate disaster relief by extracting, analyzing, and visualizing actionable information from social media. However, these methods are not well integrated in the relief and response processes and the relation between the two requires exposition for further advancement. In this survey, we review the new frontier of intelligent disaster relief and response using social media, show stages of disasters which are reflected on social media, establish a connection between proposed methods based on social media and relief efforts by rst responders, and outline pressing challenges and future research directions.
Evaluation of Energy and Duration on Malay Phrase Breaks

This paper presents evaluation of energy and duration features in detection of phrase breaks. The training feature set is developed from evaluation of targeted phrase break in listening test. This cheaper and faster approach is proven useful for under-resource language such as Malay which do not have comprehensive prosodic-annotated corpus. In addition, instead of labeling the phrase break using linguistic and phonetic meaning, the listening test allow labeling of phrase break as perceived by listener. Then, word-related energy and duration features are extracted from the targeted phrase break. Evaluation of the features with RBF, MLP and logistics models reveal best detection accuracy of 84.6% which is comparable to existing context-based algorithm. This simpler approach of using energy patterns and duration features for detection of phrase break, can be used to segment lengthy spontaneous speech into smaller meaningful utterance without analysis of linguistic information. In addition, the results can be use as preliminary information for evaluation of boundary salience at the targeted boundary locations.
How Does the Hierarchical Management System Influence the Climate of Creativity in Chinese University Laboratories

This chapter aims to investigate how the Chinese hierarchical management system influences the climate of creativity in university laboratories. A questionnaire (Creative Climate Questionnaire, CCQ) survey was carried out with 25 laboratories (126 participants) at 7 universities in Northeastern China. The comparative study reveals both the advantages and disadvantages of the hierarchical management system for creativity in university laboratories. To some extent, the hierarchical system stimulates different levels of laboratories to shape different collective objectives and goals, and it increases the synergy of the creative abilities of group members in laboratories. However, the uniform model of “hard resource distribution” regulated by the hierarchical system cannot meet the diverse needs for the development of creativity in university laboratories.
Doppler Sonography to Monitor Flow in Different Cerebral Arteries in the Rabbit

Most of the transcranial Doppler (TCD) experimental studies on cerebral haemodynamics have been performed in the rabbit because of the similarity between its Willis circle and that of the human, but these studies have mainly been limited to the basilar artery. The present study was aimed at extending the use of TCD sonography to all other large cerebral arteries. In anaesthetised rabbits, these arteries were insonated from three different recording sites, i.e. top‐cranial, suboccipital and orbital, using a two‐channel pulsed Doppler device equipped with 4 and 8 MHz probes. First, discrimination between intra‐ and extracranial arteries was achieved through a standard ‘rebreathing’ test (hypercapnic‐hypoxic stimulation). The distinctive blood velocity response patterns, reflecting the different extents of metabolic reactivity in intra‐ and extracranial territories, are described and discussed. Intracranial arteries were then identified on the basis of their response to ipsi‐ and contralateral common carotid artery occlusion. This procedure allowed recording from the following arteries: anterior common trunk, anterior cerebral, internal carotid, middle cerebral and basilar; the latter could be simultaneously monitored with any of the others. This study provides an experimental model allowing investigation of regional differences in the haemodynamic response to neurogenic and pharmacological stimuli.
Service orientation and performance: an organizational perspective

Purpose – With the growing interest in service orientation research, the concept has been demonstrated to be a defining factor in the creation of superior customer service and value. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate service orientation as a socially constructed variable, empirically examine its relationship with measures of organization performance, and offer implications for management.Design/methodology/approach – This study was conducted to conceptualize and measure service orientation as an element of organizational culture, understand the linkage between service orientation as a strategic choice and organizational performance, and measure service orientation utilizing a multi‐informant approach.Findings – The data indicated that organizational service orientation in banking is positively correlated with employee commitment, longevity, and esprit de corps, consumer products performance, service quality image, and banking profitability.Research limitations/implications – The study had five princ.
Genome Sequence of the Pathogenic Bacterium Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 3

ABSTRACT We report the first genome sequence of the pathogenic Vibrio vulnificus biotype 3. This draft genome sequence of the environmental strain VVyb1(BT3), isolated in Israel, provides a representation of this newly emerged clonal group, which reveals higher similarity to the clinical strains of biotype 1 than to the environmental ones.
Spectral discrimination of marsh vegetation types in the New Jersey Meadowlands, USA

This study investigates the fall season similarity of reflectance spectra among salt marsh species to identify and map marsh vegetation types at species level using hyperspectral remote sensing. The medians of the reflectance spectra collected from canopies of dominant marsh vegetation (Phragmites australis, Spartina patens, Spartina alterniflora, and Distichlis spicata) in the New Jersey Meadowlands were compared using a set of statistical metrics. Results show that these marsh species are distinct and separable spectrally in the near infrared (NIR) region of the spectrum. The two Spartina species are similar in spectra and are the most difficult pairs to separate. However, the distribution of red-edge parameter (maximum inflection) suggests that red-edge may be useful for discriminating these two species. The results of this study can be applied to classify marsh vegetation at species level using remote sensing and to map ecotypes along salinity or oxygen gradients as a way to assess coastal wetlands health and condition.
Polish consumer food choices and beliefs about organic food

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine consumers' motives for food choice and to reveal beliefs about organic food.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on results of a survey conducted on a sample of 1,010 Polish consumers. The questionnaire included items to identify food choice motives, attributes of organic food and barriers to buy organic products. The data collected was analyzed with SPSS 15.0 using descriptive statistics and carrying out two step cluster analysis to identify consumers' segments. To get better insight into factors decisive to organic food consumption, the segments were profiled according to declared consumption of organic food.Findings – Sensory factors were the most important motives for food choice, followed by price and safety. Consumers with convenience and price orientation in their food choices were less inclined to buy organic products while consumers open to novelties and willing to try new foods more often declared to buy organic products. Polish consu.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN OF BUSINESS OWNERS: AN ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING MODEL

ACADEMIC ABSTRACT Children who grow up in family businesses are exposed to specific stimuli which influence their entrepreneurial choices, their entrepreneurial leadership opportunities, and ultimate success as adults. A model is proposed which describes how cognitive maps develop in children and then serve as guides for their entrepreneurial behavior. We detail five skills learned over five stages of growth, and five steps of experiences to reinforce entrepreneurial and leadership potential. The model creates a framework for producing entrepreneurial leaders who may start businesses or use their skills to grow organizations, educational institutions, social service agencies, corporations, non profits, and governments. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Past research has investigated entrepreneurial education and how it applies to entrepreneurial activity and success. None have fully investigated how the family business experience has impacted entrepreneurial activity and success. The family business is an ongoing educational experience that children are exposed to from a very young age. There is significant research that argues that experiences during one's growth significantly affect one's attitudes, intentions, and personality as an adult Since growing up in a family business provides one with a broad exposure to entrepreneurship beginning at a very young age, this exposure should strongly influence one's perceptions of entrepreneurship as an adult (Stavrou, 1999; Delmar & Gunnarsson, 2000) as well as have an influence on one's career plans (Lentz & Laband, 1990). We propose a model, termed the 5+5+5 Bernelli Entrepreneurial Learning (5+5+5 BEL) Method TM which describes how cognitive maps develop in children and then serve as guides for their entrepreneurial behavior. We argue that children who grow up in family businesses are exposed to specific stimuli which influence their entrepreneurial choices, their entrepreneurial leadership opportunities, and ultimately, their success as adults. The model includes topics such as marketing, money, and leadership skills, business exposure, hands-on experience, and leadership opportunities. It details five skills learned about over five stages from age 3 to 18, and five steps of experiences to reinforce entrepreneurial and leadership potential. The Bernelli Learning Method emerged from over 20 years of family business research. It creates a framework to produce entrepreneurial leaders some of whom will start businesses while others will use their skills to grow organizations, educational institutions, social service agencies, corporations, non profits or governments.
Selecting Sports Personalities as Celebrity Endorsers

Abstract Celebrity endorsers are popular as media spokespersons for commercial offerings because people emulate their role models. Professional athletes around the globe are some of the most recognizable, revered, and imitated celebrities of all. This potent package of characteristics is a double-edged sword. A company associating its name and brands with a sports personality, via advertising, can profit from the star's fame or suffer from the athlete's ineffectiveness in selling or adverse fortunes. Reebok employed two decathletes for the 1992 Olympic games who did not live up to expectations: one failed to qualify and the other did not earn a medal. Hertz's longtime association with O.J. Simpson turned into a public relations nightmare. Because of the monetary outlays and publicity risks of retaining sports celebrities, companies and their advertising agencies are carefully evaluating athletes against multiple criteria. This article reports on how prominent advertising agencies and corporations choose e.
Hsp70 and Hsp40 Functionally Interact with Soluble Mutant Huntingtin Oligomers in a Classic ATP-dependent Reaction Cycle*

Inclusion bodies of aggregated mutant huntingtin (htt) fragments are a neuropathological hallmark of Huntington disease (HD). The molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp40 colocalize to inclusion bodies and are neuroprotective in HD animal models. How these chaperones suppress mutant htt toxicity is unclear but might involve direct effects on mutant htt misfolding and aggregation. Using size exclusion chromatography and atomic force microscopy, we found that mutant htt fragments assemble into soluble oligomeric species with a broad size distribution, some of which reacted with the conformation-specific antibody A11. Hsp70 associated with A11-reactive oligomers in an Hsp40- and ATP-dependent manner and inhibited their formation coincident with suppression of caspase 3 activity in PC12 cells. Thus, Hsp70 and Hsp40 (DNAJB1) dynamically target specific subsets of soluble oligomers in a classic ATP-dependent reaction cycle, supporting a pathogenic role for these structures in HD.
The Dominant Negative LQT2 Mutation A561V Reduces Wild-type HERG Expression*

HERG1 K+ channel mutations are responsible for one form of dominantly inherited long QT syndrome (LQT). Some LQT mutations exert a dominant negative effect on wild-type current expression. To investigate mechanisms of dominant-negative behavior, we co-expressed wild-type HERG with the A561V mutant in mammalian cells. Transfection with various cDNA ratios produced HERG K+ current densities that approached a predicted binomial distribution where mutant and wild-type subunits co-assemble in a tetramer with nearly complete dominance. Using C terminus myc-tagged wild-type HERG we specifically followed the mutant's effect on full-length wild-type HERG protein expression. Co-expression with A561V reduced the abundance of full-length wild-type HERG protein comparable to the current reduction. Reduction of wild-type protein was due to decreased synthesis and increased turnover. Conditions facilitating protein folding (growth at 30 °C, or in 10% glycerol) resulted in partial rescue from the dominant effect, as did the 26 S proteosome inhibitor ALLN. Thus, for A561V, dominant negative effects result from assembly of wild-type subunits with mutant very early in production leading to rapid recognition of mutant channels and targeting for proteolysis. These results establish protein misfolding, cellular proofreading, and bystander involvement as contributing mechanisms for dominant effects in LQT2.
Biofilm formation at warming temperature: acceleration of microbial colonization and microbial interactive effects

River biofilms that grow on wet benthic surface are mainly composed of bacteria, algae, cyanobacteria and protozoa embedded in a polysaccharide matrix. The effects of increased river water temperature on biofilm formation were investigated. A laboratory experiment was designed employing two temperatures (11.1–13.2°C, night–day; 14.7–16.0°C, night–day) and two nutrient levels (0.054 mg P l−1, 0.75 mg N l−1; 0.54 mg P l−1, 7.5 mg N l−1). Biofilm formation at the higher temperature was faster, while the biomass of the mature biofilm was mainly determined by nutrient availability. The specific response of the three microbial groups that colonized the substrata (algae, bacteria and ciliates) was modulated by interactions between them. The greater bacterial growth rate and earlier bacterial colonization at the higher temperature and higher nutrient status was not translated into the accrual of higher bacterial biomass. This may result from ciliates grazing on the bacteria, as shown by an earlier increase in peritrichia at higher temperatures, and especially at high nutrient conditions. Temperature and ciliate grazing might determine the growth of a distinctive bacterial community under warming conditions. Warmer conditions also produced a thicker biofilm, while functional responses were much less evident (increases in the heterotrophic utilization of polysaccharides and peptides, but no increase in primary production and respiration). Increasing the temperature of river water might lead to faster biofilm recolonization after disturbances, with a distinct biofilm community structure that might affect the trophic web. Warming effects would be expected to be more relevant under eutrophic conditions.
Dual-band two-element MIMO antenna for LTE and WLAN

A dual band and compact multi input multi output (MIMO) antenna for WLAN has been present in this letter. The proposed antenna operates over a wide frequency range of 1.93-2.79 GHz and 4.79-6.19 GHz suitable for long-term evolution (LTE) and wireless local area network (WLAN). The two elements antenna with a compact size of 39×40×1.5 mm3 which is designed on a FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4. The simulated results show a bandwidth of 860MHz (low-frequency) and 1400 MHz (high-frequency). The maximum gain for each operation element is 2.11dBi. The proposed MIMO antenna can be used in wireless communication system.
STRATEGY VERTICALIZATION DOWNSTREAM: ENTRY OF PRODUCERS IN RETAIL

Faced with intense competition, it is increasingly vital the need to establish competitive advantages in order to keep the company with superior offerings to consumers in relation to the other competitors. The present paper classifies some situations of vertical and producers of goods and services into the retail market. The relatively recent entrance of several groups in retail activities not seems to be a fad like other business moves that were to ESTRATÉGIA DE VERTICALIZAÇÃO A JUSANTE: INGRESSO DE PRODUTORES NO VAREJO Roberto Minadeo 79 R. eletr. estrat. neg. , Florianópolis, v.5, n.2, p.56-87, mai. /ago. 2012 be proved as ephemeral and poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to present to producers of goods and services some interesting strategies practiced in the process of going to retail. Another purpose of the article is in the presentation of numerous situations – with a very rich kind of variety showed by several companies in his approach to the market in these pursue to survive and growth. Another phase of the paper classifies the situations that were founded in 12 types. Finally, the Conclusions analyses all the 12 types. Key-words: Business Strategy. Retail. Vertical Integratioon Strategy.
Performance evaluation and improvement of TCP/IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4 under Wi-Fi interference

Recent studies have shown that it is possible to implement the Internet Protocol (IP), especially IPv6, in low-power IEEE 802.15. 4 based wireless sensor networks (WSN). Blip is an open source experimental implementation of IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN) based on TinyOS. In this study, the performance of Blip 2.0's Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) under IEEE 802.11g Wi-Fi induced interference has been evaluated through experimentation and analysis. Some software problems in Blip 2.0 were discovered and corrected. To improve the reliability and performance of data segment transmission, two TCP layer parameters have been adjusted and tested in our testbed.
Electric Control of the Giant Rashba Effect in Bulk GeTe

Relativistic effects, including the Rashba effect, are increasingly seen as key ingredients in spintronics. A link between Rashba physics and the field of ferroelectrics is established by predicting giant Rashba spin-splitting in bulk GeTe (see the Figure showing the band-structure as well as in-plane and out- of-plane spin polarization for a constant energy cut).
The Sustainability Liability: Potential Negative Effects of Ethicality on Product Preference

Manufacturers are increasingly producing and promoting sustainable products (i.e., products that have a positive social and/or environmental impact). However, relatively little is known about how product sustainability affects consumers’ preferences. The authors propose that sustainability may not always be an asset, even if most consumers care about social and environmental issues. The degree to which sustainability enhances preference depends on the type of benefit consumers most value for the product category in question. In this research, the authors demonstrate that consumers associate higher product ethicality with gentleness-related attributes and lower product ethicality with strength-related attributes. As a consequence of these associations, the positive effect of product sustainability on consumer preferences is reduced when strength-related attributes are valued, sometimes even resulting in preferences for less sustainable product alternatives (i.e., the “sustainability liability”). Conversely, when gentleness-related attributes are valued, sustainability enhances preference. In addition, the authors show that the potential negative impact of sustainability on product preferences can be attenuated using explicit cues about product strength.