Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anaphora and notional attitudes 1

When dealing with coherence and cohesion of a text, anaphora and cataphora appear to be important means of retrospective and perspective linking. The scope of an anaphora may be limited by a sentence but it can also extend the sentence to a broader text. Since cataphora differs from anaphora only by the orientation of a reference, and since all the results concerning anaphora can be (after the respective reversion of the orientation) applied to cataphora as well, it is sufficient to deal only with the problem of anaphora. The expression, to which (or to a part of which) an anaphoric expression refers, will be called an antecedent. Anaphora, together with an ellipsis (most frequently a syllepsis), makes it possible to "compress" the text it shortens sentences and/or the text. But, to prevent semantic ambiguities that might be caused by these simplifications, it is necessary that a competent user of a language (a speaker) is able to correctly identify particular elements participating in the anaphoric relationship, and to correctly determine the meaning of a referring word, which in most cases does not pose any additional special demands at the user, he may handle with a normal language intuition. Thus anaphora is sometimes even not considered to be a problem. So in the previous sentence (and in this one) the word which is used in an anaphoric way, which does not make the sentence more difficult to understand. This may also be the reason of not introducing anaphoric rules in language guides and textbooks. On the other hand these circumstances may reflect the fact that we deal with a primarily semantic problem, common to many languages, and not with a specific grammar problem of a particular language. Still, it has turned out that some kinds of anaphoric phenomena are not at all trivial and an explication of their semantics may be a hard nut for many logicians/semanticists.
STATISTICAL METHODS USED FOR IDENTIFYING DEMENTIA AND MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Population ageing belongs to the most discussed topics and main challenges of the 21 st century. As people are getting older, their health status is affected by diseases of circulatory system, respiratory system and increasingly by nerve system. The main objective is to identify whether symptoms such as memory loss are related to normal ageing or to decline in cognitive functions, which is the key feature of dementia. In the identification of people with dementia little attention has been paid to statistical methods and approaches that may contribute to early diagnosis and identification of dementia. For example, logistic regression helps to explain which characteristic or variable is an important criterion for dementia. Submitted article deals with the statistical methods, such as logistic regression, multiple logistic regression, used for identifying dementia and mild cognitive impairment.
Ibiza ? Measuring brand identi fi cation in the tourism context

Understanding brand identification is critical when developing successful relationships between tourists and the destinations they visit. Nevertheless, there is an absence of academic work that measures tourist destination brand identification. The purpose of this study is to develop a scale to measure brand identification within the context of tourism. The study develops 24 measurement items to construct a survey instrument. The instrument is then administered to collect data from a sample of 308 Ibizan tourists. Following a rigorous scale development process, a one-dimensional brand identification model is identified. Finally, a refined scale consisting of seven measurement items is developed. This scale is validated with a new sample of 126 Ibizan visitors. Multi-step psychometric tests verify that the new brand identification scale is reliable and valid. Destination managers could use this scale to evaluate and identify highly acknowledged tourist segments, and more accurately implement the corresponding promotional strategies to this target.
IS GOLD A GOOD HEDGE AGAINST INFLATION ? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE IN MALAYSIA

This paper studies the role of gold quoted in domestic currency as an inflation hedge in Malaysia from July 2001 to November 2011. Using the Malaysian monthly domestic gold and consumer price index (CPI), we examine the relationship between gold return and inflation in Malaysia via correlation coefficients and linear regression model. This paper finds no significant relationship between gold return and inflation, gold return and expected inflation and gold return with unexpected inflation, which led to the conclusion that domestic gold is not a good hedge against inflation in Malaysia. It is also not an excellent store of value over a relatively short period of time as it is unable to retain its sustainable purchasing power.
ADVANCED FABRICATION AND MULTI-PROPERTIES OF POLYIMIDE AEROGELS AND THEIR COMPOSITES

Aerogels are extremely low-density materials with excellent thermal and acoustic insulating properties based on their high porosity and small pore diameter. This makes them attractive candidates for many aerospace applications, such as insulation for cryotanks and spacesuits, as well as more down-to-earth uses in construction, refrigeration, and pipe insulation. The main drawback that has prevented aerogels from having a broad commercial impact is their fragility. Conventional silica aerogels are fantastic insulators but crush easily and are difficult to work with. NASA’s Glenn Research Center has developed exceptionally strong polyimide aerogels that are up to 500 times stronger and have equivalent insulation ability to silica aerogels. As thin films, these polyimide aerogels are highly flexible, lightweight, and porous. Notably, the ability to fabricate the polyimide aerogels into thin films is a revolutionary advancement over silica aerogels. The innovation is technologically significant and unparalleled in the aerogel marketplace, * Corresponding Author E-mail: mpedhm@nus.edu. sg. Complimentary Contributor Copy Hai M. Duong, Peng Liu and Daniel Jewell 132 as no other aerogel possesses the compressive and tensile strength of the Glenn polyimide aerogel while it simultaneously can be flexibly folded to contour to whatever shape is needed. In this book chapter, we summarize the current fabrication methods of the polyimide aerogels and their composites. The formation mechanisms, morphologies and multi-properties of polyimide aerogels and their composites are carefully discussed. This review chapter would be meaningful for exploiting the structures, properties and potential applications of the polyimide aerogels and their composites.
A Review of Physical, Data and Network Layer Specification and its Protocols

: Wireless sensor network is a group of smart sensors, each capable of sensing, processing and communicating the data or messages when any event occurs. When nodes deployed in numbers it form a network which collectively monitor the state of the phenomenon activity of physical world. Its applications and potential benefits are remarkable and seem only limited by imagination. The interdisciplinary property makes the challenges wide and deep for design network protocols, efficient power utilization, programming models and application areas. This survey paper focuses on the basic of WSN technology and its design factors. It also focuses on the physical layer issues, data link layer protocols and its services and protocols used in layers.
Query Expansion with Enhanced-BM 25 Approach for Improving the Search Query Performance on Clustered Biomedical Literature Retrieval

The aim of this paper is to improve the search query performance of the biomedical literature by expanding the queries with most significant terms. Methods: In this article, an enhanced BM25 mathematical approach is proposed to retrieve the most query relevant literature from clustered Biomedical literature bank with query expansion from MeSH. The clustered biomedical topics are analyzed with different pre-processing methods and term-weighting functions and found the best values for the tuning parameters K1, b, K3 and the right combination of pre-processing and term weighting functions for improving the query performance in terms of Average Precision, Mean Average Precision and R-precision. Novelty/Improvements: In this approach, the existing best match retrieval technique is normalized with the calibrate constants K1 = 1.3, b = 0.75, K3 = 1.2 and the significant terms are identified with comparison of MeSH for query expansion. The retrieval performance is improved in terms of Mean Average Precision and R-precision. Subject Categories and Descriptors: [H.3. 1: Content Analysis and Indexing]: Preprocessing-IDF; [H.3. 3: Information Search and Retrieval]: Okapi TF-IDF,BM25; [H.3. 7: Digital Libraries]: MeSH; General Terms: Information Retrieval, Query Processing, Similarity Measures
The Nature of Programmed Cell

In multicellular organisms, cells are frequently programmed to die. This makes good sense: cells that fail to, or are no longer playing important roles are eliminated. From the cell’s perspective, this also makes sense, since somatic cells in multicellular organisms require the cooperation of clonal relatives. In unicellular organisms, however, programmed cell death (PCD) poses a difficult and unresolved evolutionary problem. The empirical evidence for PCD in diverse microbial taxa has spurred debates about what precisely PCD means in the case of unicellular organisms (how it should be defined). In this article, we survey the concepts of PCD in the literature and the selective pressures associated with its evolution. We show that definitions of PCD have been almost entirely mechanistic and fail to separate questions concerning what PCD fundamentally is from questions about the kinds of mechanisms that realize PCD. We conclude that an evolutionary definition is best able to distinguish PCD from closely related phenomena. Specifically, we define “true” PCD as an adaptation for death triggered by abiotic or biotic environmental stresses. True PCD is thus not only an evolutionary product but must also have been a target of selection. Apparent PCD resulting from pleiotropy, genetic drift, or trade-offs is not true PCD. We call this “ersatz PCD. ”
Clustering and Classifying Diabetic Data Sets Using K-means Algorithm

The k-means algorithm is well known for its efficiency in clustering large data sets. However, working only on numeric values prohibits it from being used to cluster real world data containing categorical values. In this paper we present the Classification of diabetic's data set and the k-means algorithm to categorical domains. Before classify the data set preprocessing of data set is done to remove the noise in the data set. We use the missing value algorithm to replace the null values in the data set. This algorithm is also used to improve the classification rate and cluster the data set using two attributes namely plasma and pregnancy attribute.
FoxO 1 transcriptional activities in VEGF expression and beyond : a key regulator in functional angiogenesis ? †

FoxO1 has emerged as an important regulator of angiogenesis. Recent work published in this Journal shows that FoxO1 regulates VEGF expression in keratinocytes and is required for angiogenesis in wound healing. Since FoxO1 also regulates CD36 transcription, and endothelial cell differentiation and vascular maturation, this transcription factor may be essential for the formation of functional vascular networks via coupling the regulation of CD36 in vascular endothelial cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Although many outstanding questions remain to be answered, the mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates VEGF in keratinocytes provide insight into the development of functional angiogenesis and further our understanding of vascular biology. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
" ONSTAGE BE PEACOCKS AND OFFSTAGE BE MODEST " ? THE DILEMMA OF ISRAELI ORTHODOX ACTRESSES

For over two decades, orthodox Israeli women have been creating theatre despite traditional Jewish reservations against it and despite the fact that theatre involves a certain degree of exhibitionism rather than the tsniut (modesty) demanded of them, particularly in the public sphere.1 A source for Jewish thought about tsniut is Micah 6:8 “Walk humbly with thy G-d” as interpreted by Rabbi Eliezer in Tractate Succah 49b of the Babylonian Talmud, whose explicit application of this as a principle to both public and private spheres is then further elaborated in halacha (religious law), in terms of dress, speech etc. This article highlights the unresolved inherent contradiction between theatre and tsniut, and how orthodox women negotiate and combine modesty with theatre performance. It focuses on two case studies of groups of orthodox actresses who have performed before mixed audiences (men and women), thus pushing the dilemma of modesty to its limit. It shows how their choice not to appear only before their own gender influenced their acting and impacted the concept of modesty in various ways ranging from being stricter than the rabbis to overlooking certain norms of modesty in order to perform and engage in political activism. Our research shows that many orthodox Jewish actresses and audience members disregard the assumption of aesthetic distance between performers and character; they do not accept the possibility of being like “peacocks on stage and modest offstage” (as one non-religious actress puts it). In this article, we explore the twofold considerations of modesty among orthodox actresses: concern for their own personal modesty, and for that of the audience. So far there has not been much research on this phenomenon. Reina Rutlinger-Reiner's earlier research on orthodox women’s theatre in Israel, conducted between 1998 and 2002, being a precedent. This qualitative research included formal, in-depth interviews with performers, directors and educators; spontaneous interviews and “theatre conversations” recorded or jotted down in a field journal; videotapes, texts, and press reviews. Based on this research, which was updated in 2006 and led to her book The Audacity of Holiness,2 we began a joint research project focusing on the inherent contradiction between modesty and performing onstage. Our aim was to examine the difference between secular actresses' and orthodox actresses’ concepts of theatre in general and of tsniut on stage in particular. One of the conclusions from our research is that orthodox actresses regard theatre primarily as an educational tool, rather than as an art. As such, they feel there should be no discrepancy between their personal life and the life created onstage. Many actresses declare that working within the strict limitations of the rules of modesty offers a challenge and creates opportunities for developing a new genre which they hope will become an alternative to western, secular Israeli theatre.
The Technology of Tea Extract Powder Production

The paper deals with growing industrial utiization of tea extract, which is a new product. Utilization of tea extract in several areas such as dye, deodorant, sterilization agent and medical agent have been developed. Antioxidant activity of catechins that occur in green tea leaves has been seen to be effective. As a preserving agent of fatty and raw food tea extract dyed cloth shows attractive colour and possessed properties of microbial growth inhibition as also deodorant properties, In Japan T-shirts, underwears, etc, are treated with tea extract, tea extract has been shown to have inhibiting effect on S. mutans and is utilized for dental care. Other uses include pharmacy, food items, etc. Other claims include that tea extract and anti-inflammatoly propellies.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy is the seventh book in “ The CBT Distinctive Features

81 evaluate the risks and benefits “off-label” use for clinician, parent, and child. This was not an easy book to read. It required patience, thoughtfulness, reading, and rereading of most of the chapters. Perhaps this is due to the thoroughness of the material presented so ably in this volume. Drs. Geller and DelBello must be commended for presenting the latest medical and research findings with regard to the treatment of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. I would echo the reviewers who have commented that this book is an invaluable resource for clinicians and researchers who work with children and adolescents.
The role of statistical noise in edge plasma transport codes based on kinetic Monte Carlo solvers for neutrals: an analogy with turbulent fluctuations

Power exhaust is a key challenge for future magnetic fusion devices. The modeling tools currently available to predict steady-state heat loads are transport codes, which solve mean field fluid equations for the plasma and often a kinetic Boltzmann equation for neutral particles. In several of the main transport codes available in the community, the latter is solved by a Monte Carlo procedure (implemented in the EIRENE code [4]). This has the adverse effect of introducing statistical noise in the system, whose effect on convergence and on code results have been poorly understood until recently. In this contribution, we highlight the analogy between turbulent fluctuations and statistical noise, from which a theoretical formulation of the problem can be extracted. We then illustrate the practical application of these results on a simple slab case, using a fluid model for neutrals, to which statistical noise is added.
Chapter 3 Metal Nanoparticles for Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Metal nanoparticles interact strongly with light due to a resonant response of their free electrons. These ‘plasmon’ resonances appear as very strong extinction and scattering for particular wavelengths, and result in high enhancements of the local field compared to the incident electric field. In this chapter we introduce the reader to the optical properties of single plasmon particles as well as finite clusters and periodic lattices, and discuss several applications.
A Comparative Study on Primary Bearing Rating Life of a 5-MW Two-Blade Wind Turbine System Based on Two Di ff erent Control Domains

Abstract: Recently, the importance of individual pitch control (IPC) capability in wind turbine systems has been emphasized to achieve the desired power performance and mitigate the aerodynamic imbalance load for the mechanical integrity. Compared to collective pitch control (CPC), which assigns identical pitch angles for all employed blades, IPC is capable of generating other various sets of pitch angles to manipulate the aerodynamic load. Thus, the mechanical elements of wind turbine systems may take advantages from this variation, which allows wind turbines to have lighter designs and longer lifetimes. One of the essential mechanical components in the wind turbine is a primary bearing supporting the blades–rotor–shaft unit, which has not been fully investigated yet among the structural elements in the wind turbine system. In this regard, this research focuses on predicting the bearing life span of a NACA64-A17 two-blade 5-MW wind turbine system for the domains of allowable individual pitch angles by IPC. In particular, under the effect of various wind speeds, a bearing life span was determined based on the average value of load cases—satisfying both appropriate power level and the allowable domain of pitch control angles, which were possibly conveyed by IPC—and the result was compared with the bearing life predicted based on the domain of pitch angles, as generated by the CPC strategy. Consequently, in the ranges of high wind speeds, it was found that the average applied load to the bearing is reduced under the domain of the IPC-based pitch angle, resulting in possibly increasing the life span of the bearing. With the presented results, it is hoped that this work will provide important insights for those that majorly concern designing the primary bearing of the IPC-based wind turbine system.
Neural Machine Translation: Hindi-Nepali

With the extensive use of Machine Translation (MT) technology, there is progressively interest in directly translating between pairs of similar languages. Because the main challenge is to overcome the limitation of available parallel data to produce a precise MT output. Current work relies on the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) with attention mechanism for the similar language translation of WMT19 shared task in the context of Hindi-Nepali pair. The NMT systems trained the Hindi-Nepali parallel corpus and tested, analyzed in Hindi ⇔ Nepali translation. The official result declared at WMT19 shared task, which shows that our NMT system obtained Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) score 24.6 for primary configuration in Nepali to Hindi translation. Also, we have achieved BLEU score 53.7 (Hindi to Nepali) and 49.1 (Nepali to Hindi) in contrastive system type.
Life Community The Experience of Embodied Space in Virtual Worlds : An Ethnography of a Second

empirical, and objective, whereas “place” is defined by the lived experiences of those who inhibit them (Hubbard, Kitchin, & Valentine, 2004). We transform a space into a place by structuring it, forging emotional attachment to it, and creating meaning to it (Tuan, 1976). A place is subjective, individualistic, and means different things to different people; above all, it is often the locus of social interaction and power dynamics (Massey, 1995, cited in Hubbard et al., 2004). Online simulations, such as Ithaca’s Gorean implementation in Second Life, are rich areas for research into the complex social dynamics of place and space online. Because nobody can accurately and perfectly reproduce Norman’s novels as a virtual world simulation, the making of a community such as Ithaca reflects a communal interpretation of the fictional narratives, an interpretation that unfolds over time, unfolds in places, and is ripe for conflict. Indeed, all of the many Gorean communities in Second Life emphasize different interpretations of the novels and articulate different emphases for their communities. In the case of Ithaca, the emphasis is on education, in particular the education of slaves, and is comparatively less about unbridled Gorean role-play. It bills itself to potential participants as offering a high-quality education for would-be Gorean slaves, a place to cultivate Gorean values in a safe and respectful haven. Because learning is the core value of Ithaca, it drives social mores and influences the construction of its unique landscape. For example, Ithaca features a dedicated educational facility, in which participants learn from a well-planned and carefully designed curriculum, with hands-on participation from the community’s most exalted leaders. Many Gorean implementations lack dedicated educational facilities and instead offer training in more ad hoc environments. In the setting of Ithaca, the citizens perform their day-to-day activities in prescribed roles and in various situated contexts. The conduct and behaviors of Ithaca citizens are highly stylized, made meaningful by the places they are in (e.g., tavern, bathhouse, forge, slave kennels, jungles, etc.). Relying on virtual ethnography, we studied how people used and thought about the spaces in which they participated, and we paid special attention to the role of avatars as bodies in these spaces.