Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Antifungal Activities of Syzygium Aromaticum Essential Oil Contained in Natural Bath Soap

Syzygium aromaticum essential oil (clove oil) has a promising potential as an antifungal. However, the potential has never been applied in bath soaps. This study aimed to produce an antifungal natural soap using clove oil as the additive. Natural bath soap containing clove oil was made through a cold saponiication reaction of vegetable oils, sodium hydroxide, and various contents of clove oil (1, 2, and 3% w/w) as an antifungal agent. The soap quality was tested based on Indonesian National Standards (INS), including water content, total fat, insoluble matters in ethanol, free alkali, and unsaponi ied fatty matter. With a Kirby-Bauer diffusion method, the researchers carried out an antifungal activity est of clove oil soap on Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. All samples in the quality test of clove oil natural bath soap havemet the standard. The antifungal activities of all tested clove oil soap performed growth inhibition of Candida albicans yeast and Trichophyton mentagrophytesmould in all treatments. However, there is no relationship between the clove oil concentration and antifungal activities in the range of clove oil content in this study. The formulation of clove oil in natural bath soap executed excellent antifungal activities against both yeast and mould. Due to the potential of clove oil as an antifungal agent, clove oil in bath soap is ef icient to be used as natural cosmetics and medicinal soap in the future.
BELF Courses and Iranian Learners’ Perception Regarding Success in Business Communication

The present qualitative study aimed to investigate the role of Business English as Lingua Franca (BELF) courses in learners’ success in communication in an Iranian company. In doing so, 25 adult BELF learners were selected from an automotive parts manufacturing company in Tehran, Iran. They were the employees of a company consisting of men and women in the 30 to 45 age group who worked in different departments as bosses, middle managers, top managers, and directors. Their English proficiency levels were elementary, pre-intermediate, and intermediate. The participants took part in the interviews and answered a 20-item questionnaire. The questionnaire mainly focused on using English in the workplace. The interviews primarily focused on eliciting the respondents’ views regarding the benefits of using English at the workplace. The interviews and respondents’ answers to the questionnaire showed that BELF courses lead to job performance efficiency, higher self-confidence when communicating, willingness to use more English at the workplace, and fewer misunderstandings. It also could enhance participants’ language proficiency level and communication skills. Moreover, participation in BELF courses could facilitate English in the workplace and encourage a professional atmosphere compared to the past.
Historical Perspectives on Exceptional Climatic Years at the Labrador/Nunatsiavut Coast 1780 to 1950

Abstract This interdisciplinary study presents a human perspective on climatic variations by combining documentary, discursive, instrumental, and proxy data. Historical sources were used to characterize climate variations along the coast of Labrador/Nunatsiavut during the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Written and early instrumental archives provided original information on the state and perception of climate before the establishment of meteorological stations, which permitted an intra-annual perspective on climatic variations. Written sources depicted the sensitivity of humans to climatic variations. Exceptional seasonal climatic events were extracted from documentary and discursive sources, which were complemented by tree-ring and early instrumental data. From 1780 to 1900, data indicated a succession of relatively warm and cold episodes. Most warm periods were described as stormy and variable. The final part of the studied records showed cold conditions from 1900 to 1925 and warm conditions from 1925 to 1950. Historical sources helped to discriminate a seasonal signal. Mild autumn-winter conditions were recorded since 1910 in relation with positive anomalies of the North Atlantic Oscillation in winter. Relatively warm spring-summer conditions were recorded after 1920, which corresponds to a phase of positive anomaly of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
Smallholders’ perceptions of policies for preserving the traditional Ongole cattle breed of Indonesia

Agricultural policies can only be effective if intended beneficiaries are sufficiently aware of them. This basic condition for policy success is substantially challenged by smallholder farmers’ lack of awareness of existing support schemes. We studied the perceptions of 600 farmers of preservation policies for the traditional Indonesian Ongole cattle breed. We measured farmers’ knowledge of existing policies, their perceived ease of participation, their participation level and their satisfaction with the benefits obtained. We found that the target group has little awareness of existing policies. Policy awareness increases with education, the less remote the farm is, and with increasing specialization in cattle farming. We recommend therefore that policymakers should simplify and redesign existing policy schemes to create one coordinated policy. The various support schemes currently implemented should be combined in this policy and it should be presented in such a way that is easily understood by farmers. Incentives for Ongole breeders should be tailored, the establishment of farmers groups facilitated, and a breeding and selection programme initiated to improve the genetic potential of Ongole for domestic beef production.
The Relationship Between Charge Nurses and Clinical Nurses' Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture and Leadership Practices

Background: A patient safety culture needs to be developed for quality and safe care in health care institutions. Executive nurses having transformational leadership behavior have an important effect on establishing a patient safety culture in hospitals. Objectives: The aim of this study is to reveal transformational leadership practices of unit charge nurses from their own perspective and the perspective of staff nurses they work with, to determine the patient safety culture perceptions of unit charge nurses and staff nurses, and to examine the relationship between transformational leadership practices and patient safety culture. Methods: This descriptive, relationship-seeking and cross-sectional study was conducted between March and June 2014 in four hospitals in Konya province. The sample of the study consisted of 70 unit charge nurses and 357 staff nurses working with these unit charge nurses. Participation rate in the study is 84.5%. Data were collected by using the Demographic Data Form, Leadership Practices Inventory and Patient Safety Culture Hospital Questionnaire. Means, t test, percentages, standard deviation and Spearman's tests were used in the analysis of the data. Results: According to the evaluations of the unit charge nurses and staff nurses; it was found that the unit charge nurses' averages scores for prodding others into action, encouraging others and questioning the process sub-dimension and total leadership practice were significantly higher than those of the staff nurses. Patient Safety Culture perceptions of unit charge nurses are higher than service nurses. According to the findings obtained from the study, there is a positive relationship between nurses' transformational leadership practices and patient safety culture. Conclusion: In the study, it has been shown that there is a positive relationship between nurses' transformational leadership practices and patient safety culture. In order to create a positive patient safety culture in the units of charge nurses, it is necessary to develop the unit charge nurses' transformational leadership practices.
Real Exchange Rate Volatility and Financial Integration: Evidence from Latin American Countries

This research is an endeavor to reveal the dynamic association of real exchange rate volatility with real and monetary shocks and particularly with international financial integration in selected eight Latin American countries during 1992-2018. The estimation strategy employed in this research is the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to empirically obtain consistent estimates. Empirical results strongly supported the significant negative impact of financial integration on real exchange rate volatility when financial integration is approximated by the Chinn-Ito index. Furthermore, output volatility and money supply volatility both significantly contributed to increasing real exchange rate instability. An important policy implication is that process of financial integration needs to be more strengthened and shocks to output and money supply needs to be reduced to achieve lesser fluctuations of the real exchange rate in Latin American countries.
Propriétés mécaniques, structure interne et mécanismes de transfert de l'oxygène dans le liège

Lors de la conservation des vins en bouteilles, des reactions d’oxydation prematurees peuvent se produire et les proprietes barrieres a l’oxygene de l’obturateur en liege sont souvent mises en cause. A l’heure actuelle, aucune etude n’a permis de determiner la structure interne du liege ou l’effet de l’hydratation sur ses proprietes mecaniques. Quant aux proprietes barrieres a l’oxygene, l’etape limitante au transfert reste indeterminee ainsi que l’effet de la compression et le role de l’interface verre/liege. L’etude de la structure interne du liege par imagerie a permis de visualiser la macroporosite du materiau et de conclure que pour les qualites de liege etudiees, les lenticelles ne sont pas interconnectees. La caracterisation des proprietes mecaniques du liege a montre que le module de Young n’etait pas affecte pour une humidite relative < 50 %. En milieu plus humide, ce dernier diminue a cause de la formation de clusters de molecules d’eau entre les chaines de polymeres constituants les parois cellulaires. En comparant le comportement du liege brut avec celui d’autres obturateurs, un effet de la taille des particules de liege et du ratio liege/additifs utilises dans ces obturateurs, a egalement ete mis en evidence. Au regard du mecanisme de transfert de gaz, les mecanismes en jeu et en particulier l’etape limitante ont ete clairement determines : il s’agit de la diffusion au travers des parois cellulaires selon la loi de Fick. L’effet de la compression du bouchon ne modifie pas significativement le transfert d’oxygene tandis que le role de l’interface verre/liege semble gouverner les transferts de gaz de l’exterieur vers l’interieur de la bouteille.
Needs and Wishes for the Future Exoskeleton: an Interview Study Among People With Spinal Cord Injury With Community-based Exoskeleton Experience

Background: Exoskeleton use by people with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) in daily life is still a challenge. To optimize its daily life use, a better understanding of the purpose of use and the accompanying improvements are needed. The perspective of experienced exoskeleton users provides an important contribution to the improvement of future exoskeletons.Methods: Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were held with 13 people with SCI, who were experienced exoskeleton users. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and analysed thematically.Results: Participants expressed three future purposes of exoskeleton use: for daily activities, exercise, and social interaction. Exoskeleton use during daily activities was the ultimate goal. Therefore, the future exoskeleton should be: easy to use, small and lightweight, tailor made, safe, comfortable, less distinctive, durable, and affordable. Improving the ease of use was relevant for all purposes, for all participants. The other suggestions for improvement varied depending on the purpose of use and the participant. Conclusions: Increasingly more advanced improvements to future exoskeletons are needed to transition from an exercise purpose, to social interaction, and ultimately use during daily activities. In the current study, detailed suggestions for improvements from experienced exoskeleton users have been made. Only when multiple of these suggestions are adjusted, can the exoskeleton be used to its full potential.
Neurofilament heavy chain gene polymorphism and risk of multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS). High levels of Neurofilament heavy chain (NEFH) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is associated with MS. 40 MS patients and 40 controls genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Genotypic and allelic distributions were compared between cases and controls. Fisher test was used to estimate the risk of MS associated with genotypes. We showed that NEFH, 1084-244G>A gene polymorphism, has no significant association with the susceptibility or severity of MS in Iranian patients (P = 0.737). Further prospective studies are required for confirmation.
The Investigation of Emotional Intelligence Level in Non-Government Organization with the Use of Hall’s Test

This article is devoted to the study of emotions and their role in leadership and the process of changes. A review of literature is conducted and the main definitions of emotions and emotional intelligence are revealed. The importance of studying the level of emotional intelligence in companies is substantiated. The basic methods with the help of which one can estimate the level of emotional intelligence are described. The analysis of the NGO "100 percent of Life", which is engaged in support of HIV/AIDS positive people, is conducted. The structure of personnel is analysed and staff turnover is calculated. It is determined that emotions play a particularly important role for employees of the organization. Emotions influence the efficiency of the consultants’ work and the style of managing them. With the help of Hall’s test, the level of emotional intelligence is determined. Further studies have shown that women in this organization have a higher level of emotional intelligence than men have, and identified those, whose emotional intelligence is at the highest level. Based on the conclusions, the structure of management in the organization has been significantly changed and training to develop emotional intelligence has been established.
Battle of COVID-19: Where We Can Take The Help Of Machine Learning To Win?

COVID-19 is caused by Coronavirus which has been previously linked with 2012 SARS disease. This is an RNA virus. Highly contagious is nature; spreads by air droplet and contact. It needs both air and contact precautions. Interventions to prevent its spread have been tried which includes social distancing, preventing skin contact with the patient and handwashing with soap. Use of sanitizers with >60% alcohol content has been useful. In scientific methods including pre-detection of signs and symptoms help to prevent the spread by quarantining the sick from the healthy for a period of at least 2 weeks. We can use the technology known to us; here, in this short communication, we have focused to show the basic picture of updated technology which is Artificial Intelligence.
Review and outlook of HVDC grids as backbone of the transmission system

HVDC technology has gone through major developments in the past decades, resulting in higher power ratings, increased efficiency, and the availability of effective means for HVDC grid protection. These developments have made overlay HVDC grids a viable option to accommodate the shift towards a carbon-free power system by enabling optimal use of renewable resources. In particular, overlay HVDC grids greatly increase the prospects of building (trans-)continental supergrids to facilitate global economic development. Notwithstanding the significant progress made over the last decades, overlay HVDC grids still encounter challenges due to the distance and amount of power involved. This paper focuses on analyzing the readiness of the current technologies and the challenges associated with overlay HVDC grids. An in-depth analysis is carried out to evaluate the applicability of current technologies for overlay HVDC grids. Based on the review of recent R&D efforts, the gaps and challenges towards the realization of a global HVDC grid are summarized.
Pengujian Kapasitas Antioksidan Wedang Tahu dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Mutu Fungsionalnya

Efforts to prevent and overcome various degenerative diseases can be realized by developing functional foods that are known as natural or processed foods containing bioactive components that have the potential to improve health status. One of whole foods that has potency to be developed as functional food is soft tofu dessert. Soft tofu dessert has two main components which are soft tofu and ginger drink. However, there is lack of references providing the evidence of the characteristics and health benefit or soft tofu dessert. This study provide data to support the development of soft tofu dessert as a whole food that has optimum characteristic and contains benefit for health as well. The research objectives were to test radical scavenging capacity of soft tofu dessert and its component by implementing DPPH method. Antioxidant capacity of the samples was observed by using DPPH method (517 nm). Ranges of concentration were observed to determine IC50 of each sample. IC50 value presents the inhibition of 50% DPPH radical by samples. The values of IC50 for ginger water extract, ginger drink, soft tofu, and soft tofu dessert were 1592.40±22.30 ppm, 2764.26±90.29 ppm, 24657.50±2483.11 ppm, and 3356.04±415.54 ppm respectively. This result showed the best radical scavenging capacity was ginger water extract > ginger drink > soft tofu dessert, and > soft tofu. Soft tofu dessert performed better scavenging capacity than soft tofu itself, but still performed the lower capacity compared to ginger water extract and ginger drink.
Modelagem da qualidade da água na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Piracicaba (MG)

This paper aims to apply a model of water quality, the Sistema de Apoio a Decisao/Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas (SAD-IPH), in the Piracicaba River basin. The quality parameters were modeled biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus, nitrogen and thermotolerant coliforms. The flow data were obtained through the application of the hydrological model Modelo de Grandes Bacias/IPH (MGB-IPH). The quality model was calibrated using data from stations monitoring the water quality of the Instituto Mineiro de Gestao das Aguas (IGAM). The curves of BOD, DO and total phosphorus showed good adherence to data from monitoring campaigns. The parameters organic nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and coliforms were underestimated by the model. Most streams have the quality of its waters compatible with Class 4. Current concentrations are well above what would be ideal for the basin, as its current framework is in Class 2.
Apis mellifera visitation enhances productivity in rapeseed

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is the second most produced oilseed crop in the world. It provides a high-quality nutrient for pollinating insects, and pollination, in many cases, increases crop yield. Although a large number of species visit rapeseed crops, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is the most frequent, abundant, and with the highest pollination potential. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of A.mellifera on the different yield components of Brassica napusL. (cv. Rivette). The hypothesis of the study was that the presence of pollinators would increase rapeseed crop yield and improves maturation uniformity. Four trials were conducted (one in 2013, two in 2015, and one in 2016) in commercial rapeseed crops, using pollinator exclusion tents placed during the flowering period. A randomized complete block design with two treatments and six replications during 2013 and three replications during 2015 and 2016 was used. Treatments consisted of exclusion tents with the addition of an active beehive (WITH) and without a beehive (EXCLUDED). WITH treatments showed greater uniformity on siliques maturation and a lower proportion of flowers at maturity. Rapeseed yield was determined by the site (season and farm) (P < 0.0005) and treatments (WITH or EXCLUDED) (P = 0.0482), with no interaction between them (P = 0.1217). Grain yield in WITH treatments was 14% higher than in EXCLUDED treatments (2089 vs. 1836 kg ha−1). In 12 out of 15 (80%) experimental units, WITH treatment yields were higher than EXCLUDED treatments. Results show that A.mellifera can increase rapeseed yields, despite a high rate of self-fertilization.
Linkage between TPM, people management and organizational performance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore an empirical investigation of the linkage between total productive maintenance (TPM), people management (PEM) and organizational performance in the apparel industry of Bangladesh. This study also explores the direct and mediating effect of TPM on organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical data were collected using a close-ended structured questionnaire from 227 small, medium and large-scale garment manufacturing industries. The causal relationships between PEM, TPM and organizational performance were examined using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings of this study have provided significant evidence that the PEM has both direct and indirect impact (through TPM) on organizational performance. The results of the analysis also indicated that TPM has direct and mediating effects on operational performance.Research limitations/implicationsData for measuring PEM practices and organizational performance were collected from the same source, assuming that PEM practices are uniform across the organization. Therefore, response bias is not unexpected.Originality/valueThis study explores the interdimensional linkage between PEM, TPM and organizational performance and argues based on the empirical data in the context of the apparel industry in Bangladesh. The apparel industry is a complex manufacturing system synchronizing man, machine and material. The findings provide empirical evidence that employee engagement and practice of TPM will enhance the operational performance of the apparel industries.
Respon Plantlet In Vitro dan Induksi Ketahanan Bibit Phalaenopsis amabilis terhadap Dickeya dadantii Menggunakan Asam Salisilat

Phalaenopsis merupakan salah satu anggrek yang terkenal karena keindahan bunganya dengan variasi warna yang tinggi dan periode pembungaan yang lama. Salah satu masalah dalam budidaya anggrek adalah Penyakit Busuk Lunak (PBL) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Dickeya dadantii. Induksi resistensi dengan Asam Salisilat (AS) merupakan metode alternatif dalam mengendalikan PBL pada Phalaenopsis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2018 sampai Maret 2019, di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB. Penelitian terdiri dari dua percobaan. Percobaan 1 bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman respon planlet in vitro asal biji hasil penyerbukan sendiri P. amabilis terhadap D. dadanti dengan inokulasi pada daun terpisah dan menentukan tingkat ketahanannya. Sebanyak 7 dari 158 planlet yang diuji, memiliki respon agak tahan terhadap D. dadantii, sedangkan sisanya rentan atau sangat rentan. Percobaan 2 bertujuan untuk membandingkan respon bibit P. amabilis terhadap D. dadantii pada 1 hari setelah perlakuan asam salisilat (AS) pada konsentrasi 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, dan 90 ppm menggunakan metode inokulasi daun pada bibit yang masih menempel di tanaman. Percobaan 2 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan AS 75 ppm paling baik dalam menginduksi ketahanan bibit P. amabilis terhadap patogen penyebab busuk lunak D. dadantii. Tanaman pada perlakuan tersebut menghasilkan nilai CFU dan AUPDC lebih rendah dan aktivitas peroksidase lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Kata kunci: daun terpisah, daun pada tanaman, keparahan penyakit, metode inokulasi, penyakit busuk lunak