Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of density, reproduction period and age on fecundity of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

The impact of adult density, reproduction period (days in the same container) and age on reproduction of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were studied. Data were analysed as total number of larvae in each container (38 cm2) and as daily reproduction per capita. The study was divided in two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the influence of four densities (0.11, 0.21, 0.42 and 0.84 beetles/cm2) and five reproduction periods (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 days) on reproduction. Experiment 2 examined the effect of age (30-92 days) and three densities (0.11, 0.21 and 0.32 beetles/cm2) on reproduction. The total number of larvae per container was significantly affected by reproduction period and adult density, attaining the highest output at the longest reproduction period of 6 days (214±101 larvae) and highest density of 0.84 beetles/cm2 (215±112 larvae). Daily per capita reproduction, however, was highest at the second lowest density of 0.21 beetles/cm2 (8.58±3.82 larvae/female/day) and shortest rep.
Preparation and Evaluation of Pan Bread Made with Wheat Flour and Psyllium Seeds for Obese Patients

In this covenant of functional foods, the world seeks for new healthier food products with appropriate proportions of bioactive constituents such as fiber, mineral elements, amino acids and phenols. The psyllium seed has good nutritional and pharmaceutical properties; therefore, its incorporation in pan bread could be beneficial in improving human health. In the current study, partial substitution of wheat flour (WF) with psyllium seed flour (PSF) at levels of 5%, 10% and 15% were carried out to investigate the rheology properties of dough, baking performance, proximate compositions and physical properties of the pan bread. Partial substitution of WF with PSF increased the water absorption, arrival time and developing time of dough (P ≤ 0.05), while, the dough extensibility was reduced. Also, elasticity and energy were increased by addition of PSF. Pan bread supplemented with PSF resulted in a reduction in quality in terms of specific loaf volume, while, weight was increased. PSF up to 15% could partially replace WF in pan bread; increase its nutritional value in terms of fiber, amino acids content and minerals, with only a small depreciation in the bread quality. Sensory evaluation showed that pan bread supplemented up to 15% PSF were acceptable to the panelists and there was significant difference in terms of appearance, crumb texture, crumb grain, crust color, taste, odor and overall acceptability compared to the control. The incorporation of PSF increased the minerals contents, amino acids contents and nutritional properties compared to the control (for pan bread).
An Evaluation of the PrediXcan Method for the Identification of Lipid Associated Genes

PrediXcan, an imputed gene expression-trait association method, was compared to multiple linear regressions (MLR) of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the quantitative phenotypes serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and triglycerides (TG). The gene expression prediction models were trained using transcriptomeand genome-wide data from Depression Genes and Networks (DGN whole blood) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project (GTEx whole blood, GTEx pancreas and GTEx liver). Linear combinations of the effect sizes derived using elastic net or least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) with genotypes from 1304 European patients from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) were used to estimate the genetically regulated expression (GReX) for genes. Different gene expression predictors were present in each training set. The 10-fold cross-validated predictive performance, estimated GReX, and p values from associations for matched genes were weakly correlated across training sets and strongly correlated for models derived using elastic net and LASSO. MLR models had more significant associations than PrediXcan models and larger inflation factors for p values. A comparison of p values for matched genes between PrediXcan and MLR models showed weak correlations but strong evidence for LDL and HDL associations with genes at locus 1p13.3 and 16q13, respectively.
Restoration of broadleaved woodland under the 1985 Broadleaves Policy stimulates ground flora recovery at Shabbington Woods, southern England

Forestry policy and practice changes during the 20th Century led to major effects in the composition and structure of Shabbington Woods, southern England. Coppice-with-standards stands were clear-felled during the Second World War and replanted with conifer/conifer-broadleaved mixtures in which the conifer was dominant. Since 1985 broadleaves have been favoured. In 1983, the ground flora had been recorded in six plantation stands of different tree species and compared with three remnant broadleaved stands. Five 200 m2 quadrats were taken spread across each stand. The survey was repeated using the same methods in 2015 to assess changes. In addition, in 2015, single 200 m2 quadrats were taken in 21 other stands to put the re-recorded stands into a wider site context. In the nine re-recorded stands, six stands lost species (mean number of species per quadrat) between 1983 and 2015, only three stands gained them. Increases in species richness were associated with management (felling or thinning) or where stands had opened out through wind-throw. Species with higher Ellenberg light scores showed higher turnover than more shade-tolerant species. In stands recorded only in 2015 oak Quercus robur stands derived from formerly conifer-dominant crops, showed a similar richness and species profile to the remnant broadleaved stands. Specialist woodland plants did not appear to be adversely affected by this active management of the stands. The results indicate that in terms of the ground flora at this site the 1985 Broadleaves Policy achieved one of its aims of maintaining/restoring the special character of ancient woodland.
Feasible Inferences

A philosophically important but largely overlooked cognitive theory is examined, one that provides information on which inferences an agent will make from his beliefs. Such a theory of feasible inferences is indispensable in a complete cognitive psychology, in particular, for predicting the agent's actions on the basis of rationality conditions and attributed beliefs and desires. However, very little of the feasibility theory which applies to a typical human being can be shown a priori to apply to all agents. The logical competence required of a rational agent seems to have a cluster structure: it cannot be the case that an agent is able to make no inferences, but an agent can be unable to make any particular one.
Father's Brother's Daughter Marriage in Kurdistan

THE PREVALENCE of preferential father's brothers' daughter marriage in the Middle East, and its association with Islam, has frequently received reference. Yet no clear picture of the possible structural implications of this form of preferential marriage has emerged, nor of the actual distribution and frequency of the practice. The present paper attempts to analyze the relationship between the Kurdish form of segmentary lineage organization and this marriage pattern. Any chart of unilineal descent in a stable or expanding population constitutes a ramifying system where succeeding enerations in many lines tend to be larger and more inclusive than the preceeding. It is this chart, generally in compressed form, which is utilized to organize a descent group in the form of a segmentary lineage organization. This organizational form was named by Gifford and later by Firth, who called it a "ramage," and first analyzed fully by Evans-Pritchard. ' Recent work on this type of organization has been lucidly summarized by Fortes.2 In almost all the lineage systems described in the literature, the lineage, or the clan of which it is a part, is an exogamous group. This fact of exogamy has important implications, e.g. for the development of dispersed clans and normalizing of a "daughter's son" relationship as a mechanism for grafting foreign lineages to the dominant lineage of an area (as described for the Nuer), and it is further frequently reflected in the whole construction of kinship terminology.3 Lineage xogamy is, however, no essential feature of lineage systems. No matter what the marriage pattern in a population may be, a strict chart of unilineal descent offers an equally clear framework on which a segmentary lineage organization may be based. In a patrilineal system, matrilineal ties may be regarded as totally irrelevant to the political relations of segments and whole lineages-marriage patterns may, so to speak, be "liberated" from their role in defining the relations between political groups. This lack of association of lineage organization and exogamy is common among Semitic and Iranian tribes of the Middle East, 1 E. W. Gifford, Miwok Lineages and the Political Unit in Aboriginal California (American Anthropologist, vol. 28, pp. 389-401, 1926); Raymond Firth, We, the Tikopia (London, 1936); E. E. Evans-Pritchard, The Nuer: Tribe and Clan (Sudan Notes and Records, 19331935), and The Nuer (London, 1940). 2 Meyer Fortes, The Structure of Unilineal Descent Groups (American Anthropologist, vol. 55, pp. 17-41, 1953). 3 F. Eggan, Social Organization of the Western Pueblos (Chicago, 1950).
Rapid molecular methods for in‐field and laboratory identification of the yellow‐legged Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax)

The yellow‐legged Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) is an invasive species that presents a threat to apiculture in Europe; first introduced into France in 2004, it has subsequently spread into neighbouring European countries. There is a risk of invasion and establishment in the UK, and in 2016, nests were found and destroyed in Alderney in the Channel Islands, and in Tetbury, Gloucestershire, illustrating a need for screening of suspect specimens so that invading hornets can be rapidly identified, and their nests destroyed. In this study, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and real‐time PCR assays were developed to enable both in‐field and laboratory testing. Species‐specific identification assays and generic invertebrate control assays were developed. All the assays were validated according to the European Plant Protection Organisation standard PM 7/98. The assays were tested successfully against V. velutina nigrithorax obtained from France, Asia and the UK. Eight non‐target species, that were closely related or morphologically similar to the Asian hornet, gave negative results with the species‐specific assays, and positive results with the control assays. The assays could be used to detect target DNA at concentrations as low as 5 pg per reaction. LAMP was rapid, and cable of generating positive results within 10 min. Using simplified sample homogenization protocols that could be performed in the field, the LAMP assay was successful when tested against all developmental stages and nest samples, assisting with identification of samples that cannot be determined morphologically and allowing detection away from the laboratory. These assays provide a valuable tool for fast and reliable detection of this invasive species, offering the ability to identify damaged/incomplete specimens and immature life‐stages.
Effects of antibiotics on leptospira carrying dogs in natural leptospirosis caused by Leptospira interrogans of the serological group icterohaemorrhagiae

Prirodno inficirani psi bakterijom Leptospira interrogans seroloske skupine icterohaemorrhagiae lijeceni su razlicitim antibioticima kako bi ustanovili trajanje kliconostva nakon terapije. Rezultatima je dokazano da psi lijeceni penicilinom ili streptomicinom prestaju biti kliconose nakon 1-4 dana lijecenja, dok uz terapija oksitetraciklinom psi ostaju kliconose. Također je dokazano da unistavanje uzrocnika u organizmu pasa ne zaustavlja leptospirama zapoceti tijek patohistoloskih promjena.
Quantum-Mechanical Uncertainty in NDT (Example of Scanning Tunnel Microscopy)

Nanodiagnostics is one of the most promising scientific directions of NDT. The greatest development of nanodiagnostic systems occurs with the use of scanning probe microscopy (SPM). In this paper we will try to estimate applicability of existing approaches to modern high-quality STM which characterized by high resolution and very small distance between probe and object (up to units Å or even less). It is shown, that standard semiclassical approximation does not work in many interesting cases. Instanton method for the calculation and estimation of tunneling processes for STM is proposed.
Mutagenesis In Vitro Tunas Celosia cristata menggunakan Iradiasi Sinar Gamma untuk Meningkatkan Keragaman Genetik

Gamma ray irradiation is a physical mutagen that can be used in mutation breeding. The experiment aims to induce the genetic diversity of Celosia cristata as a potential ornamental plant. The source of the explants used were in vitro shoot C. cristata grown on MS0 media (generation of MV1 and MV2), MS + NAA 0.5 mg L -1 (MV3 generation) and doses used 3 levels i.e 0 (control) 25, 50 and 75 Gy. All observed characters differed significantly in leaf plants and plantlet height in the MV3 generation. Abnormal growth caused by irradiation in MV3 generation is shortening of segment, flower shape, branched leaf and curly leaves. The largest mutation frequency were at a dose of 50 Gy whereas 60% of the plantlets have shortened the segment. The formation of soul power at each dose of irradiation. The largest mutation percentage of 45% occurred at 25 Gy. Putative mutant plants Celosia cristata in this study can be seen from the changes in the flowering characters in each dose of treatment compared the control planlet.
Contributions from the Gray Herbarium

of twelve years at the University of Strassburg, and was prepared for the press at the solicitation of friends. The author enters a disclaimer as to any originality except in the selection of the material and its presentation. His purpose is quite other than that of GRISEBACH, DRUDE, and SCHIMPER, who have sought to present the facts of plant distribution in a comprehensive way. SOLMS-LAUBACH discusses several large topics, whose enumeration sufficiently indicates the scope of his work: species and their alteration in time; the habitat; the occupation of habitats by species; the disturbance of the equilibrium of distribution by external causes; island floras. In discussing these topics he cites illustrative examples, but omits pictures and lists of vegetation. A historical introduction and a brief recapitulation of the most general principles of geographic distribution form a suitable preface to the special topics. Under the topic "the species" we find a discussion of the origin both of the concept and the corresponding plant groups, in which the concepts of LINNAEUS and JORDAN and the theories of LAMARCK, DARWIN, NAGELI, and DEVRIES are set forth. The topic "habitat" includes a discussion of the relations of external factors to plant form-"adaptations" in the broadest sense. The means and methods of distribution, which make it possible for plants to occupy a habitat, are described briefly. Alterations in the habitat by invasion of plants, and especially secular alterations of climate, such as that involved in the last glacial period, with the consequent migrations, are discussed at some length. The insular floras, as conditioned by the hindrances to plant distribution, are characterized briefly. As a book for reading in connection with the more systematic works, these lectures will be found serviceable as well as interesting. -C. R. B.
Ninfalideos (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Parte III. Heliconiinae e Libytheinae

Com o objetivo de identificar, documentar e atualizar as listagens existentes sobre as especies de Nymphalidae ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, foi realizada revisao bibliografica, coleta de exemplares e exame de materiais em colecoes. Como resultado foram listadas 26 representantes de Heliconiinae e um de Libytheinae, onde Actinote parapheles Jordan, 1913 constitui novo registro para o Estado. Palavras-chave: Insecta, Papilionoidea, Nymphalidae, inventariamento, taxonomia. ABSTRACT Nymphalids (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) occurent in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Part III. Heliconiinae and Libytheinae This study aimed to identify and record Nymphalidae specimens from Rio Grande do Sul, and upgrade existing species lists for this family. The material used in this study consisted on mounted and labeled butterflies from collections, literature review and insects collected in the field. Results showed the presence of 26 species of Heliconiinae and one of Libytheinae. Actinote parapheles Jordan, 1913 is new record for the state. Key words: Insecta, Papilionoidea, Nymphalidae, inventory, taxonomy.
Machine Learning Algorithms Applied to System Security: A Systematic Review

Machine learning are used for numerous functions like image processing, data mining, prediction analysis, online shopping, cybersecurity, digital forensics, network security, etc. The aim of this research work is to explore on the research work that implement security system or provide a framework for system security using machine learning algorithms. Furthermore to explore other fields that applied machine learning algorithms to solve their problems. Stipulate the essential use of the technique, once an algorithm was trained on how to manipulate the provided data, the process of implementation remain automatic.
IMPROVING THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF LUPIN USING A COMBINATION OF PECTINASE AND XYLANASE

The synergistic effect of two non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes was tested in vitro with the aim of breaking down the cell wall content to improve the nutritive value of lupin for poultry. Lupin kernels were incubated without (control) and with enzymes (pectinase, xylanase or a combination of pectinase and xylanase) for 1 hour at 38oC. The combination of pectinase and xylanase greatly reduced water-holding capacity, viscosity and cell wall content, compared to pectinase or xylanase alone. In addition, the pectin content, chain length of pectin and galacturonic acid concentrations were reduced by the combination of pectinase and xylanase more than the individual enzymes. It was concluded that pectinase and xylanase act synergistically to break down the non-starch polysaccharides in the lupin kernel, and thus may improve the nutritive value of lupins for poultry.
Mendelism

A book by BATESON entitled Mendel's principles of heredity' has recently appeared from the Cambridge Press. The work is divided into two parts. The first part is a compilation and summary of all Mendelian work to date. The second part contains a biographical sketch of MENDEL and a translation of his two classic papers on hybridization in Pisum and Hieracium. The latter also appeared in the celebrated Defense of Mendel, published by the same author in
The association of preprocedural C-reactive protein/albumin ratio with in-stent restenosis in patients undergoing iliac artery stenting

Introduction: In-stent restenosis (ISR) still constitutes a major problem after percutaneous vascular interventions and the inflammation has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of such event. The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) is a newly identified inflammatory biomarker, and it may be used as an indicator to predict ISR in subjects with coronary artery stenting. In light of these data, our main objective was to investigate the relationship between the preprocedural CAR and ISR in patients undergoing successful iliac artery stent implantation. Methods: In total, 138 consecutive patients who had successful iliac artery stent implantation in a tertiary heart center between 2015 and 2018 were enrolled in the study. The study population was categorized into two groups; patients with ISR and those without ISR during follow-up. The CAR was determined by dividing CRP by serum albumin. Results: In the multivariable regression analysis; the CAR (HR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.66-4.25, P < 0.01), stent length (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99-1.02, P = 0.04), and HbA1c levels (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.99-1.51, P = 0.04) were independently related with ISR. A receiver operating curve analysis displayed that the CAR value of >0.29 predicted ISR with sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 88.8% (AUC 0.94, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that the CAR may be an applicable inflammatory biomarker in predicting ISR in subjects undergoing iliac artery stenting for the treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Also, the stent length and poor glycemic control were found to be associated with ISR.
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE USE OF NIOBIUM MICROALLOYING IN STRUCTURAL STEELS

The first commercial trials of steels with niobium as a microalloy addition occurred in the USA in the late 1950s and were a response to a reduction in the price of niobium following the Korean War together with the discovery of huge reserves of niobium ore in Brazil and Canada. For the first few years, the production of such steels was restricted to the hot strip mill route, but when the mechanism of the effect of niobium on steel was better understood other steel production routes became available. It was soon observed that the properties of structural steels in particular, were significantly improved including strength, toughness and weldability. The first national standard for niobium-treated steels appeared in the UK in 1962. The existence of this standard, together with a better knowledge of the role of niobium in steel, encouraged a world-wide interest and led to a rapidly growing market for niobium-microalloyed structural steels. Introduction At the beginning of the 20 th century, following the advent of bulk steelmaking techniques, such as the Bessemer and the open-hearth processes, a plain carbon steel was the most commonly used structural material for bridge building, boiler making, shipbuilding etc. The prohibitive cost of high strength alloy steels restricted their use to specialised applications. For example, a steel containing 3.25% nickel, although relatively expensive, was used in the construction of the Queensboro Bridge, New York in 1902. Likewise the Manhattan Bridge in 1906 used a similar steel for the stiffening trusses. The use of these costly steels was justified for structures in which a reduction in the weight or size of members was a necessity [1]. In the 1930s, US Steel developed high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels containing small amounts of copper, nickel and chromium totalling from 0.55 to 2.45%. The presence of the alloys allowed an increase in yield strength from about 250 to 350 MPa. These steels were and still are used for many applications and, although a higher price than carbon-manganese (CMn) steels, they exhibit properties, including atmospheric corrosion resistance that results in economies to the user [1]. Until the 1940s, all the aforementioned steels were typically joined by fasteners such as rivets. However, when welding became more common for joining, then weldability became an issue. At the same time, fracture toughness, often linked to the presence of weld defects, grew in
Fasciation

(WITH SEVEN FIGURES) During the spring of i9io, while an examination of a tree claim near Larimore, North Dakota, was being made, there were discovered some pronounced cases of fasciation. The tree claim had been planted to cottonwoods and willows in i885. During the winter of i909 the owner had taken considerable fuel from the northern portion of this grove of vigorous trees. In the summer of i909 a large number of sprouts came from the stumps of the