Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Achilles Tendon and Paratendon Microcirculation in Midportion and Insertional Tendinopathy in Athletes

Background Neovascularisation can be detected qualitatively by Power Doppler in Achilles tendinopathy. Quantitative data regarding tendon microcirculation have not been established and may be substantial. Purpose To assess the microcirculation of the Achilles tendon and the paratendon in healthy volunteers as well as in athletes with either midportion or insertional tendinopathy. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods In 66 physically active volunteers, parameters of Achilles tendon and paratendon microcirculation, such as tissue oxygen saturation, relative postcapillary venous filling pressures, and microcirculatory blood flow, were determined at rest at 2-mm and 8-mm tissue depths. Forty-one patients never had Achilles pain (25 men, 27 ± 8 years), 14 patients had insertional pain (7 men, 29 ± 8 years), and 11 patients had midportion tendinopathy (7 men, 38 ± 13 years, not significant). Results Achilles tendon diameter 2 cm and 6 cm proximal to the insertion was increased in symptomatic tendons. Compared with the uninvolved opposite tendon, deep microcirculatory blood flow was significantly elevated at insertional (160 ± 79 vs 132 ± 42, P<. 05) as well as in midportion tendinopathy (150 ± 74 vs 119 ± 34, P<. 05). The microcirculation in the uninvolved opposite tendon and the normal athlete controls were not significantly different from each other (132 ± 42 insertional asymptomatic vs 119 ± 34 mid-portion vs 120 ± 48 healthy tendon). Insertional paratendon deep microcirculatory flow was elevated in all groups, whereas tissue oxygen saturation and relative postcapillary venous filling pressures were not significantly different. Conclusion Microcirculatory blood flow is significantly elevated at the point of pain in insertional and midportion tendinopathy. Postcapillary venous filling pressures are increased at both the midportion Achilles tendon and the midportion paratendon, whereas tissue oxygen saturation is not different among the studied groups. We found no evidence of an abnormal microcirculation of the asymptomatic limb in Achilles tendinopathy.
Serum gonadotropin responses to estrogen and progestogen in recently castrated human females.

ABSTRACT Serum FSH and LH levels were studied in 3 females recently oophorectomized while in the reproductive age and the responses of FSH and LH levels to exogenous estrogen (mestranol, 0.1 mg) and progestogen (ethynodiol diacetate, 2.0 mg) administered separately and in combination were investigated. Medication was withheld until the 41st to 53rd postoperative days. Mestranol was then given daily for 14 days and stopped; after 14 unmedicated days ethynodiol diacetate was administered for 14 days; after a 2nd 14-day hiatus, both drugs were given for 14 days. Bloods were drawn preoperatively and immediately postoperatively, on alternate days during the first or second week before receiving mestranol, on alternate days during the week preceding each other treatment, and 3 times a week during each medicated interval. LH and FSH were measured by a double antibody radioimmunoassay. FSH and LH rose promptly in 2 subjects the first week after surgery and rose in all 3 patients over the ensuing 5 weeks. During e.
An integrity verification scheme of completeness and zero‐knowledge for multi‐Cloud storage

To resist the attacks from the malicious Cloud service providers and the organizer, an integrality verification of completeness and zero‐knowledge property (IVCZKP) scheme for multi‐Cloud environment is proposed. First, the bilinear pairing maps are adopted as a basis of theoretical support for IVCZKP scheme. Second, the change of file blocks is recorded, and the hash value of each block is generated through the index‐hash table in the verification process. Finally, the hash value of each block is updated through this index‐hash table to support the dynamic updates to user's data, such as data modification, data insertion, and data deletion. Compared with the original scheme, IVCZKP scheme can resist the forgery attacks and has the completeness and zero‐knowledge property. Theory analysis and the experimental results show that this scheme can reduce the computation time and has more performance on integrity verification in multi‐Cloud environment.
Increased hippocampal supragranular Timm staining in subjects with bipolar disorder

Biochemical and structural abnormalities have been reported in hippocampus of subjects with mood disorders. This study examined the organization of mossy fibers in anterior hippocampus of subjects obtained from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium. Frozen postmortem hippocampal sections from subjects with major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and non-psychiatric controls were stained using the Neo-Timm procedure, which selectively stains mossy fibers. Increased Timm staining in the supragranular layer was found in subjects with bipolar disorder relative to control subjects. These results are suggestive of neuronal sprouting in hippocampus of subjects with bipolar disorder. There were no significant associations between supragranular Timm staining and suicide, length of illness or drug treatment at the time of death.
Updated Worldwide Survey on the Methods, Efficacy, and Safety of Catheter Ablation for Human Atrial Fibrillation

Background—The purpose of this study was to provide an updated worldwide report on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and Results—A questionnaire with 46 questions was sent to 521 centers from 24 countries in 4 continents. Complete interviews were collected from 182 centers, of which 85 reported to have performed 20 825 catheter ablation procedures on 16 309 patients with AF between 2003 and 2006. The median number of procedures per center was 245 (range, 2 to 2715). All centers included paroxysmal AF, 85.9% also included persistent and 47.1% also included long-lasting AF. Carto-guided left atrial circumferential ablation (48.2% of patients) and Lasso-guided ostial electric disconnection (27.4%) were the most commonly used techniques. Efficacy data were analyzed with centers representing the unit of analysis. Of 16 309 patients with full disclosure of outcome data, 10 488 (median, 70.0%; interquartile range, 57.7% to 75.4%) became asymptomatic without antiarrhythmic drugs and another 2047 (10.0%; 0.5% to 17.1%) became asymptomatic in the presence of previously ineffective antiarrhythmic drugs over 18 (range, 3 to 24) months of follow-up. Success rates free of antiarrhythmic drugs and overall success rates were significantly larger in 9590 patients with paroxysmal AF (74.9% and 83.2%) than in 2800 patients with persistent AF (64.8% and 75.0%) and 1108 patients with long-lasting AF (63.1% and 72.3%) (P<0.0001). Major complications were reported in 741 patients (4.5%). Conclusions—When analyzed in a large number of electrophysiology laboratories worldwide, catheter ablation of AF shows to be effective in ≈80% of patients after 1.3 procedures per patient, with ≈70% of them not requiring further antiarrhythmic drugs during intermediate follow-up.
Genetic and neuroradiological heterogeneity of double cortex syndrome

Mutations in the X‐linked doublecortin gene appear in many sporadic cases of double cortex (DC; also known as subcortical band heterotopia), a neuronal migration disorder causing epilepsy and mental retardation. The purpose of this study was to examine why a significant percentage of sporadic DC patients had been found not to harbor doublecortin mutations and to determine whether clinical features or magnetic resonance imaging scan appearance could distinguish between patients with and without doublecortin mutations. Magnetic resonance imaging scan analysis differentiated patients into the following four groups: anterior biased/global DC with doublecortin mutation (16 of 30; 53%), anterior biased/global DC without mutation (8 of 30; 27%), posterior biased DC without mutation (3 of 30; 10%), and limited/unilateral DC without mutation (3 of 30; 10%). The presence of these atypical phenotypes suggests that other genetic loci or mosaicism at the doublecortin locus may be responsible for this diversity of DC cases. Ann Neurol 2000;47:265–269
Errors in Preparation and Administration of Insulin in Two Urban Vietnamese Hospitals: An Observational Study

Background:Medication errors involving insulin are common, particularly during the administration stage, and may cause severe harm. Little is known about the prevalence of insulin administration errors in hospitals, especially in resource-restricted settings, where the burden of diabetes is growing alarmingly. Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, type, and potential clinical outcome of errors in preparation and administration of insulin in resource-restricted setting hospitals. Methods:This study was conducted on six wards in two urban public hospitals in Vietnam using a direct observation method. Details of insulin preparation and administration were collected by pharmacy students 12 hours per day for 7 consecutive days on each ward. Potential clinical outcome was judged by a panel of four experts using a validated scale. Results:The error rate was 28.8% (95% confidence interval [23.1%, 35.2%], n = 66 out of 229 insulin doses)—all with potentially moderate/severe outcome. Higher error rates were observed for infusion doses than for subcutaneous ones (80.0% vs. 22.5%, p < .01). Incorrect time, incorrect preparation/administration technique, and omissions were mostly encountered. Discussion:Interventions suitable for resource-restricted settings need to be developed and tested to improve insulin preparation and administration, probably starting with education and providing information, especially infusion doses.
The role of subject expectancies in hypnosis.

Abstract The influence of S's expectancies and “early data returns” on the depth of hypnosis was investigated in an experiment in which 40 female psychology students were shown 1 of 2 videotapes of “a hypnotic session conducted with a previous S” 1 tape created the set that becoming deeply hypnotized was very probable while the other created the set that it was very improbable. Ss were then hypnotized and administered a series of “depth tests” in such a way that the probability of passing the initial items was very high for half of the Sa and very low for the other half. It was hypothesized that (a) “early data” (Ss response to initial suggestions) congruent with S's expectancies should yield subsequent behavior in keeping with the expectancies and (b) “early data” incongruent with S expectancies should lead to behavior consistent with the early data. Results support the first part of the hypothesis, but not the second.
Mentally Ill West Indian Immigrants

At present there exist in the literature numerous references to mental illness in different cultures; these vary from consideration of disorders peculiar to certain cultures, e.g. Koro, Latah, Amok, Wihtigo, etc., well reviewed by Yap (Yap, 51) to the problems of acculturation and mental illness. Examples of the latter include the studies of Tooth and Carothers, the latter suggesting that Westernization and detribalization increased the incidence of psychosis in Africans (Carothers, 2; Tooth, 45). Slotkin (42) pointed to the paranoid schizophrenia phenomena among acculturated Menomini. Hallowell (14, 15) found significant Rorschach differences between acculturated and unacculturated Salteaux.
On the Fluctuations of the Giant Component

We provide an alternate proof of the central limit theorem for the uctuations of the size of the giant component in sparse random graphs. In contrast with previous proofs, the argument investigates a depth-first search algorithm, through first-passage analysis using couplings and martingale limit theorems. The analysis of the first passage limiting distribution for sequences of Markov chains might be interesting in its own right. This proof naturally provides an upper bound for the rate of convergence.
The analysis and application of a recombinant monooxygenase library as a biocatalyst for the Baeyer-Villiger reaction.

Because of their selectivity and catalytic efficiency, BVMOs are highly valuable biocatalysts for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of a broad range of useful compounds. In this study, we investigated the microbial Baeyer-Villiger oxidation and sulfoxidation of thioanisole and bicyclo[3.2. 0]hept-2-en-6-one using whole Escherichia coli cells that recombined with each of the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases originated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and two from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). The three BVMOs were identified in the microbial genome database by a recently described protein sequence motif; e.g., BVMO motif (FXGXXXHXXXW). The reaction products were identified as (R)-/(S)sulfoxide and 2-oxabicyclo/3-oxabicyclo[3.3. 0]oct-6-en-2-one by GC-MS analysis. Consequently, this study demonstrated that the three enzymes can indeed catalyze the Baeyer-Villiger reaction as a biocatalyst, and effective annotation tools can be efficiently exploited as a source of novel BVMOs.
Peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a biomarker for affective disorders?

After more than a decade of ‘a molecular and cellular theory of depression’ the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) remains a central part of the concept for the pathophysiology of depression and antidepressant treatment (Altar, 1999; Duman et al. 1997). Stress, an important precipitant of depression, reduces the expression of BDNF, especially in the hippocampus, while a plethora of antidepressant measures, e.g. antidepressant drugs, electroconvulsive treatment and also environmental enrichment, increase BDNF expression (Krishnan & Nestler, 2008; Martinowich et al. 2007). Thus, BDNF could be a valuable biomarker for a depressive state and the recovery from it. Unfortunately, CSF levels of BDNF are already at the limit of detection in healthy individuals, despite sensitive methods of analysis (Burbach et al. 2004). Of course it is also not possible to easily determine BDNF brain tissue levels in the living patient. Therefore, there is great interest in peripheral measures of humoral BDNF, particularly in blood (Brunoni et al. 2008; Sen et al. 2008). The normally very high concentration of BDNF in blood could be derived not only from the brain, but also from peripheral sources, since most body tissues express this growth factor (Lommatzsch et al. 2005 a ; Nockher & Renz, 2005). Given that cerebral BDNF crosses the blood–brain barrier (Pan et al. 1998), it is reasonable to assume that serum BDNF concentrations are associated with BDNF levels in the brain. This assumption is substantiated by animal experiments showing that BDNF serum levels are correlated with BDNF expression in cortical brain regions (Karege et al. 2002 b ), and the recently demonstrated positive association between N -acetylaspartate – a well established marker …
Triple HIV-1 infection with group O and Group M of different clades in a single Cameroonian AIDS patient.

Coinfection or superinfection of more than one viral genotype (genetic population) is indicated by the coexistence of multiple human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains belonging to different phylogenetic lineages in a single person. Recently there has been well-documented evidence of double infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2 and with different clades of HIV-1 as well as recombinational events between viruses belonging to different clades of HIV-1 or HIV-2. Here we present evidence of triple HIV-1 infection with a highly divergent group O virus and group M viruses of clades A and D. The patient studied was a 23-year-old single Cameroonian woman diagnosed with AIDS. Her blood samples were collected twice at an interval of 12 months in 1994 and 1995. Sera were screened by particle agglutination (PA) test (Serodia-HIV Fujirebio Tokyo Japan) and examined by Western blotting (WB) assay (New Lavblot HIV-1 and HIV-2; Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur Marnes la Coquette France). Both specimens were dual reactive for HIV-1 and HIV-2 by PA and WB. The sera were then discriminated using a peptide-based assay (Peptilav HIV-1 and HIV-2; Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur) and judged as HIV-1 positive. The viral strains obtained in 1994 and 1995 were designated as CMR61 and CMR709 respectively. A part of the env gene (C2 V3 and C3 regions 390 bp) was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their sequences were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the env region revealed the presence of three different HIV-1 strains belonging to HIV-1 group O and HIV-1 clades A and D in both CMR61 and CMR709. Clades A and D were determined using the same primer pair for detecting group M viruses in the env region. HIV-1 group O was also detected using a different primer pair in the corresponding env position designed specially for group O viruses. Thus the coexistence of three different sequences in the env region clearly testifies the first case of triple HIV-1 infection. Since the patient had no history of blood transfusion we conclude that she underwent a superinfection with three HIV-1 strains although a possibility of simultaneous infection cannot be excluded. Further studies would provide useful information concerning the hosts immune response against highly divergent superinfecting viruses. (full text)
Une approche intentionnelle du calcul des implicants premiers et essentiels des fonctions booléennes

Toutes les techniques de calcul d'implicants premiers de fonctions booleennes qui ont ete developpees jusqu'a present possedent une complexite directement liee au nombre d'implicants premiers des fonctions. En pratique, ces techniques sont difficilement applicables a des fonctions booleennes ayant plus de 20 000 implicants premiers. Nous proposons ici un algorithme fondamentalement different, qui calcule une representation intentionnelle de l'ensemble des implicants premiers et essentiels. Cette representation, que nous appelons meta-produit, permet de resoudre toute une gamme de problemes complexes avec une complexite polynomiale par raport a la taille des meta-produits
SDE3 encodes an RNA helicase required for post‐transcriptional gene silencing in Arabidopsis

Post‐transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) provides protection in plants against virus infection and can suppress expression of transgenes. Arabidopsis plants carrying mutations at the SDE3 locus are defective in PTGS mediated by a green fluorescent protein transgene. However, PTGS mediated by tobacco rattle virus (TRV) was not affected by sde3. From these results we conclude that SDE3, like the previously described RNA polymerase encoded by SDE1, acts at a stage in the mechanism that is circumvented when PTGS is mediated by TRV. The product of SDE3 is similar to RNA helicase‐like proteins including GB110 in mouse and other proteins in Drosophila and humans. These proteins are similar to, but clearly distinct from Upf1p and SMG‐2, which are required for nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay in yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans and, in the case of SMG‐2, for PTGS.
Caractéristiques et dynamique de l'équilibre de stagnation séculaire

La crise économique et financière de 2008 a provoqué une sévère récession qui se caractérise par une reprise anormalement lente (Summers, 2013 et 2014 ; Rawdanowicz et al., 2015). Les interrogations sur les causes de cette reprise insuffisante sont de deux natures. D’abord, la croissance potentielle aurait été affaiblie, traduisant une insuffisance de l’offre. Ensuite, l’output gap serait anormalement persistant comme l’illustre le graphique 1a, c’est-à-dire que les économies auraient des difficultés à absorber des déficits de demande.
Identification of Product's Features Based on Customer Reviews

In recent years an e-commerce has become more and more popular. This fact is mainly related to a low cost of running a business, wide access to a large group of potential customers and ease of advertising. Analysis of products’ reviews can lead to valuable insights for both customers and manufacturers. Owing to positive reviews a future customer may be convinced to buy the product. A number of reviews for one product can amount to even hundreds what makes it hard for a potential buyer to read them all. The main aim of this paper is to present a method for mining reviews considering products’ features, extracting products’ features and preparing a summary of reviews. For that purpose a new promising technique—RuleBased Similarity Model is used. The performance of the algorithm has been verified on online product review articles. Keywords—opinion mining; data mining; Rule-Based Similarity Model; Natural Language Processing; sentiment mining;
EFFECTS OF GARLIC EXTRACT ON PLATELET AGGREGATION

We read with interest the recent article by Morris et al. (1995) on the effects of a garlic extract on platelet aggregation, serum thromboxane and lyso-platelet activating factor. They found no in vivo effects of the garlic extract that they manufactured. An estimate of the pre-test likelihood of finding an effect with their extract could have been derived using the aggregation inhibition activity calculations given by Lawson et al. (1992). This group determined the platelet inhibitory concentration (I& value for aggregation induced by 0.5-1 .O pg/ mL collagen) for each of the significantly detectable compounds in both aqueous and acetonitrile extracts of garlic products. They derived the estimated inhibitory activity for each compound found within a commercial garlic preparation by dividing its concentration by the ICSO value of that compound. The overall aggregation inhibition activity was then estimated by calculating the sum of the individual inhibition activities for each of the compounds present in the commercial garlic product. They provided evidence to validate this method by comparing the results of their inhibitory activity calculation to direct laboratory measurement of the action of a steam distilled garlic oil on platelet aggregation. Using these calculations this group compared commercial garlic preparations and found that there was a several-fold variation in the content of the organo-sulphur compounds and the aggregation inhibition activity of the various types of garlic product tested. This comparison demonstrated that the most active garlic powder tablets were equal to garlic clove homogenates whereas steam-distilled oils were 35% and oil macerates only 12% as active. A commercial aged-garlic preparation kept for many months in an aqueous alcohol solution showed no activity. Morris er al. (1995) point out that most studies reporting beneficial effects of garlic on cardiovascular risk factors have used doses much higher than those given in their study. The dose used was 85.8mg of garlic extract daily, which is substantially lower than the 900mg of garlic powder used by Legnani et al. (1993), which showed in vivo inhibition of platelet aggregation to both adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. Based on Lawson’s calculations, the organically extracted garlic oil preparation used by Morris et al. would be likely to have only a fraction of the activity of the air dried whole garlic powder used by Legnani et al. The choice of a garlic dose much lower than the dose shown to have an in vivo anti-platelet effect and the use of a preparation that is likely to have only a fraction of the anti-platelet activity of other garlic preparations suggests that the likelihood of finding an in vivo anti-platelet effect was very low. The fact that no effect was observed was probably to be expected.