Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Potential Pathways toward Energy-Related Carbon Emission Reduction in Heavy Industrial Regions of China: An Input–Output Approach

It is a very urgent issue to reduce energy-related carbon emissions in China. The three northeastern provinces (Heilongjiang (HLJ), Jilin (JL), and Liaoning (LN)) are typical heavy industrial regions in China, playing an important role in the national carbon emission reduction target. In this study, we analyzed the energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and CO2 emission intensity of each sector in the three regions, and we compared them with the national level and those of China’s most developed province Guangdong (GD). Then, based on an input–output (I–O) framework, linkage analysis of production and CO2 emission from sector–system and sector–sector dimensions was conducted. The results showed that the three regions accounted for about 1/10 of China’s energy consumption and 1/6 of China’s CO2 emissions in 2012. In addition, the level of energy structure, CO2 emission intensity, and sectoral structure lagged behind China’s average level, much lower than those for GD. According to the sectoral characteristics of each region and unified backward/forward linkages of production and CO2 emissions, we divided sectoral clusters into those whose development was to be encouraged and those whose development was to be restricted. The results of this paper could provide policy–makers with reference to exploring potential pathways toward energy-related carbon emission reduction in heavy industrial regions.
Antimicrobial Activity of some Edible Mushrooms in the Eastern and Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of Pleurotus eryngii var. eryngii, P. eryngii var. ferulae, P. ostreatus, P. sajor-caju, Terfezia boudieri and Agaricus bisporus were investigated. The antimicrobial activity from the methyl alcohol extract of Pleurotus spp. , T. boudieri and A. bisporus were evaluated according to the disk diffusion method by using Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, C. glabrata, Trichophyton spp. and Epidermophyton spp. At the end of the experimental studies, the methyl alcohol extracts of Pleurotus spp. , T. boudieri and A. bisporus were shown to inhibit to different degrees the growth of microorganisms to (7.5-15.5 mm) also, mushrooms extract have a lower antimicrobial activity as to a comparison antibiotic (13.0-18.0 mm). Key Words : A. bisporus, Antimicrobial Activity, Pathogen Microorganism, Pleurotus spp. , T. boudieri.
Heart hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in TSP4 knockout mice

Thrombospondin‐4 (TSP4) is abundant in the heart in blood vessels, including capillaries and the aorta. TSP4 expression increases in hypertrophic and failing hearts and in response to ischemia. TSP4 KO and WT mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). 2 and 20 weeks later TSP4 KO hearts revealed more extensive hypertrophy and higher HW/BW (heart weight/ body weight) ratio compared to WT mice, and the differences were magnified with age: 6.7(0.2 in WT versus 7.4(0.2 in KO of 23 weeks, 4.7(1 in WT versus 9(3 KO at 55 weeks, and 4.3(0.8 in WT versus 8.5(3 in KO at 82 weeks. The increased hypertrophy in TAC TSP4 KO mice was due to higher deposition of collagen. The fibrosis fraction was calculated as the ratio of Masson's trichrome stained connective tissue area to total myocardial area: WT ‐ 7.4%(2.6, KO ‐ 9.6%(5.9 at 23 weeks 20 weeks after TAC; WT ‐ 3.8%(2, KO ‐ 11.2%(8.4 at 55 weeks, 20 weeks after TAC; and WT ‐ 4.6%(2.1, KO ‐ 16.8%(3 at 82 weeks, 2 weeks after TAC.
Mechanism and its regulation of tumor－induced angiogenesis

Tumor angiogenesis is the proliferation of a network of blood vessels that penetrates into cancerous growths, supplying nutrients and oxygen and removing waste products. The process of angiogenesis plays an important role in many physiological and pathological conditions. Solid tumors depend on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis in a hostile environment. In the prevascular phase, the tumor is rarely larger than 2 to 3 mm3 and may contain a million or more cells. Up to this size, tumor cells can obtain the necessary oxygen and nutrient supplies required for growth and survival by simple passive diffusion. The properties of tumors to release and induce several angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors which play crucial roles in regulating endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, apoptosis or survival, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion through different intracellular signaling are thought to be the essential mechanisms during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Tumor angiogenesis actually starts with tumor cells releasing molecules that send signals to surrounding normal host tissue. This signaling activates certain genes in the host tissue that, in turn, make proteins to encourage growth of new blood vessels. In this review, we focus the mechanisms of tumor-induced angiogenesis, with an emphasis on the regulatory role of several angiogenic and anti-angiogenic agents during the angiogenic process in tumors. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis have led to the development of several most effective antiangiogenic and anti-metastatic therapeutic agents and also have provided several techniques for the regulation of cancer's angiogenic switch. The suggestion is made that standard cytotoxic chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors used in combination may produce complementary therapeutic benefits in the treatment of cancer.
Diversity and Phylogenetic Structure of Two Complex Marine Microbial Communities

Abstract : Molecular surveys have revealed that microbial communities are extraordinarily diverse. Yet, two important questions remain unanswered: how many bacterial types co-exist, and do such types form phylogenetically discrete units of potential ecological relevance? This thesis explores these questions by investigating bacterial diversity in two complex marine communities (coastal bacterioplankton and sediment sulfate-reducing bacteria) by (i) comprehensive analysis of large 16S rRNA clone libraries, and (ii) refinement and application of parametric diversity estimators. Identification and correction of sequence artifacts demonstrated their potentially significant contribution to diversity estimates. Still, hundreds of unique rRNA sequences (ribotypes) were detected in the corrected libraries, and extrapolation to community diversity with commonly used non-parametric diversity estimators suggested at least thousands of co-existing ribotypes in the two communities. However, close inspection revealed that the non-parametric estimators likely lead to underestimation of ribotype diversity in the clone libraries.
THz Pulsed Imaging in Biomedical Applications

Recent advances in technology have allowed the production and the coherent detection of sub-ps pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation. Therefore, the potentialities of this technique have been readily recognized for THz spectroscopy and imaging in biomedicine. In particular, THz pulsed imaging (TPI) has rapidly increased its applications in the last decade. In this paper, we present a short review of TPI, discussing its basic principles and performances, and its state-of-the-art applications on biomedical systems.
Effect of fresh pasture forage quality, feeding level and supplementation on methane emissions from growing beef cattle

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of fresh pasture forage quality (vegetative and mature pasture in different seasons), feeding level and supplementation with maize silage or palm kernel expeller on methane (CH4) production (g/day) and yield (g/kg dry matter intake; DMI) in growing beef cattle. The null hypothesis was that pasture quality, DMI level and supplementation have no effect on the CH4 yield (g/kg DM) in beef cattle. Four experiments were conducted and in three experiments (Exp. 1–3) freshly cut vegetative or mature pasture was fed to 14 growing beef animals in two consecutive periods, respectively, at intake levels of 1.5, 1.8 and 1.1 × maintenance metabolisable energy requirements (MEm) in Exp. 1–3, respectively. For Exp. 3, 100% maize silage was fed in a third consecutive period to the same cattle used in Periods 1 and 2. In Exp. 4, 4 animals were fed one of three treatments at 1.6 × MEm of 100% fresh pasture, fresh pasture supplemented with 35% DM maize silage or fresh pasture supplemented with 35% DM palm kernel expeller. After acclimatisation to respective diets, DMI and CH4 were measured for 12 animals in individual open circuit respiration chambers for two consecutive days in each experiment. Methane yield (g/kg DMI) was similar when animals were fed vegetative or mature pasture in Exp. 1 (20.0) and 2 (25.8), whereas in Exp. 3 feeding vegetative pasture resulted in a higher CH4 yield (25.7; P < 0.05) compared with feeding mature pasture (23.3), with feeding 100% maize silage intermediate (23.8). Methane yield of cattle fed pasture supplemented with maize silage in Exp. 4 was 10% higher (P < 0.05) compared with cattle fed mature pasture only or supplemented with palm kernel expeller (25.9, 23.3, 23.4 g/kg DMI, respectively). The regression between DMI and CH4 yield was similar for vegetative and mature pasture and pasture composition could explain up to 26% of variation in CH4 yield (P < 0.05). The CH4 yield in cattle fed 100% pasture (Exp. 1–3) was not affected by DMI and averaged 24.1 ± 2.78 g/kg DMI. In conclusion, fresh pasture forage quality, feeding level and supplementation had only minor, but some significant, effects on CH4 yield in beef cattle.
Uniformly resolvable decompositions of Kv in 1-factors and 4-stars

If X is a connected graph, then an X-factor of a larger graph is a spanning subgraph in which all of its components are isomorphic to X. A uniformly resolvable {X, Y }-decomposition of the complete graph Kv is an edge decomposition of Kv into exactly r X-factors and s Y -factors. In this article we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for when the complete graph Kv has a uniformly resolvable decompositions into 1-factors and K1,4-factors. ∗ Supported by MIUR and I.N. D.A.M. (G.N.S.A.G.A.), Italy ISSN: 2202-3518 c ©The author(s). Released under the CC BY 4.0 International License M.S. KERANEN ET AL. /AUSTRALAS. J. COMBIN. 76 (1) (2020), 55–72 56
Adenovirus replication in trans : a new replication pathway

approved: Redacted for privacy fir. George D. Pearson Replication of plasmid molecules containing either a left-end or a right-end adenovirus origin was investigated. When the plasmids were linearized to expose their respective adenovirus termini, mixed, and transfected with helper adenovirus DNA into the human 293 cell line, a new molecule was detected. The new molecule was the size predicted for a recombinant between the two input plasmids. The recombinational event, however, was not due to simple homologous recombination and was totally dependent upon adenovirus replication. No molecules of the same size were detected in the absence of helper adenovirus DNA, indicating that detection of the new molecule was enabled by a function provided by the adenovirus DNA, most likely replication. The molecules appeared to be replicating by an adenovirus-driven mechanism as indicated by their covalent attachment to protein and their accumulation from 35-72 hours in a time course experiment. The available evidence indicates that the molecules were produced by replication followed by recombination rather than vice-versa. A mechanism, called trans replication, is postulated whereby the displaced complementary strands produced during replication interact via base pairing to form a duplex. Kinetic data of adenovirus replication previously obtained by other workers is consistent with the process functioning in the normal adenovirus replication cycle. Such a process is a hitherto unknown means for adenovirus to finish complementary replication. As such, it represents the first clear violation of the Meselson-Stahl principle of semi-conservative replication that has been observed in any biological system. Adenovirus Replication in Trans: A New Replication Pathway
Epigenetic Determinants of Altered Gene Expression in Schizophrenia: a Dissertation

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1% of the general population. Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with the etiology of schizophrenia. Moreover, a substantial deficit of GAD1 mRNA in schizophrenic PFC has been reported by different groups. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Interestingly, epigenetic factors such as histone modifications and DNA methylation could be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia during the maturation of the PFC. In my work, I identified potential epigenetic changes in schizophrenic PFC and developmental changes of epigenetic marks in normal human PFC. Furthermore, mouse and neuronal precursor cell models were used to confirm and investigate the molecular mechanisms of the epigenetic changes in human PFC. My initial work examined whether chromatin immunoprecipitation can be applied to human postmortem brain. I used micrococcal nuclease (MNase)-digested chromatin instead of cross-linked and sonicated chromatin for further immunoprecipitation with specific anti-methyl histone antibodies. Surprisingly, the integrity of mono-nucleosomes was still maintained at least 30
MIDAS: A Miniature Device for Real‐Time Determination of the Identity and Energy of Particles in Space

The Miniaturized Detector for Application in Space (MIDAS) device is developed in response to the requirement of the European Space Agency for a device whose size, power consumption, and radiation data output would increase the level of space‐flight crew autonomy regarding operational decisions related to radiation hazards. It is designed as a wristwatch‐dimension cube detector for measuring track direction and energy deposition in silicon pixels, as well as energy depositions by neutrons in a plastic scintillator, which is the core of the cube. Miniaturization was achieved by using fully depleted silicon pixel detectors with the signal processing electronics residing on pixel. The device concept, simulated performance, and first measurements are presented. Simulation results indicate that it is possible to discriminate all significant ions with the aid of appropriate variables constructed using the data provided by the device. 252Cf energy spectra were reconstructed successfully using measurements obtained with the first device prototype.
IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CITRUS VARIEGATION VIRUS IN LEBANON

Citrus is one of the main fruit crops of Lebanon, covering a surface area of ca. 10,000 ha and accounting for 8% of the total area given over to woody crops. The major citrus production regions are in the South and North of the country and along the coastal area. Citrus variegation virus (CVV), the causal agent of infectious variegation disease, is a member of the genus Ilarvirus (subgroup 2) in the family Bromoviridae. During a survey of four commercial citrus groves at Abde-LARI station (North Lebanon) and in Saida and Ghazieyyeh regions (South Lebanon), 28 leaf samples of sweet orange and lemon trees, some of which with puckered leaves and/or fruit deformation, were collected and tested by RT-PCR for CVV using specific primers cvv249fw (5’ TACCATTGCCTACATGACCC 3’) and cvv249rev (5’ GCCTTCATTCGGAAACCGTG 3’) (Loconsole et al., 2009), and total nucleic acids were extracted with the silica capture protocol (Foissac et al., 2001). RT-PCR results were consistent with the presence of CVV in one common lemon tree showing leaf and fruit deformations. The DNA product was cloned in pUC18 (Life Technologies, USA) and sequenced. The partial coat protein sequence (249 bp) was deposited in GenBank under the accession No. LN829412. Sequence analysis revealed 97% nucleotide identity with the Italian CVV isolate UBAcvv999 (FJ228143). To our knowledge, this is the first record of CVV from Lebanon.
Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services in quarry restoration – challenges, strategies, and practice

Although covering less than 1% of the land surface, extraction activities have long‐lasting impacts on local ecosystems, inevitably damaging biological diversity and depleting ecosystem services. Many extractive companies are now aware of their impacts and, while pressured by society, demand concrete solutions from researchers to reverse the effects of exploitation and restore biodiversity and ecosystems services. In this article, we compile and synthesize the contributions of the latest available research on quarry restoration. We depict and discuss some of the most pressing issues regarding (1) the challenges of restoring quarries; (2) the opportunities for biodiversity and ecosystem services delivery; and (3) outline further research addressing current gaps. We conclude that quarries pose different abiotic and biotic constraints that act interdependently, hampering the attainment of effective restoration if considered solely. Such constraints need to be addressed holistically to lastly encourage the self‐sustainability of the system by reinstating ecological processes. However, a restored site does not have to specifically mimic the pristine situation, as under certain conditions alternative approaches may uphold valuable natural assets contributing to the conservation of rare, restricted, or protected species and habitats.
Low dose bisphenol A impairs spermatogenesis by suppressing reproductive hormone production and promoting germ cell apoptosis in adult rats

Bisphenol A (BPA ) ，雌激素的化学药品，被显示了减少精子计数；然而，内在的机制仍然保持未知。 此处，我们显示出 BPA 的那个口头的政府(2 µ； g/kg ) 为连续在成年老鼠(BPA 老鼠) 的 14 天显著地与控制相比减少了精子计数和细菌房间的数字。 睾丸激素和刺激滤泡的荷尔蒙(FSH ) 的浆液层次，以及在 BPA 老鼠的 GnRH mRNA 的水平是比控制老鼠的那些低的。 睾丸激素处理能部分在 BPA 老鼠救细菌房间的减小。 尤其是， apoptotic 细菌房间的数字显著地在 BPA 老鼠被增加，它对睾丸激素感觉迟钝。 而且，在 BPA 老鼠的睾丸的船边交货， FasL 和 caspase-3 mRNA 的层次与控制比较被增加。 这些结果显示到 BPA 的低剂量的暴露通过减少的繁殖荷尔蒙损害精子发生并且激活发信号的 Fas/FasL 小径。
Evolutionary history of the devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) from fossil and morphological inference

The exact affinities of the fossil teeth attributed to the devilrays (mobulids) are critical for resolving the debated origin of these giant pelagic rays amongst Myliobatiformes and the timing of their evolution toward planktivory. We performed the first detailed comparative description of teeth belonging to most of the living and fossil mobulids. Based on a survey of living devilrays, three dental morphologies are newly identified as cobblestone tooth plates, comb-like teeth, and peg-like teeth. In addition, all extinct mobulid species are reviewed with comments on their dentition, fossil record, and geographical distribution. As a result, three fossil mobulid taxa are newly described from the Late Eocene of south-west Morocco (Argoubia barbei gen. et sp. nov., Oromobula dakhlaensis gen. et sp. nov., and Eoplinthicus underwoodi sp. nov.). This has permitted the first assessment of the phylogenetic positions of extinct and extant species of mobulids, using cladistic analyses and a combined data set of nondental anatomical characters from the literature and the dental characters defined here. Our new results support the monophyly of mobulids including all living and most extinct species and indicate that mobulids are closely related to rhinopterids. They also indicate that there was a recent split within Mobulidae into the three tooth morphology groups that we describe in this paper. This work provides clues to the evolutionary history of this clade since the Early Eocene, including the gradual lack in tooth interlocking toward the filter-feeding strategy, whereas the preservation of cusped teeth without feeding function in modern filter-feeder mobulids is interpreted as a tool for precopulatory purposes. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 166, 132–159.
Azospirillum brasilense biofertilization in sorghum at Northern Mexico.

During 2002 to 2004 a study was carried out with the aim of evaluating three strains of Azospirillum brasilense (CBG-497, CBG-180 and CBG-181), native from the northern region of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Strains were characterized in a laboratory and tested for biomass and grain production in sorghum grown in the greenhouse and under fi eld conditions. In vitro, strain CBG-497 produced a higher amount of indol acetic acid than CBG-180 and CBG-181. In the greenhouse, plants inoculated with CBG- 497 signifi cantly (p<0.05) increased biomass accumulation (50%) in comparison with the non-inoculated check, whereas CBG-180 and CBG-181increased biomass by 12 and 22% respectively. In the fi eld inoculated treatments had an average yield increase over the checks of 13 and 17% in 2002-2003 and 2003-2004, respectively, and strains CBG-180 and 181 increased the seed yield in a larger proportion (13 to 27%), in comparison to CBG- 497 (10 to 12%). Results indicated that the inoculation with native strains of A. brasilense increased grain yield in sorghum.
Artificial Fertilization Using Testicular Spermatozoa in the Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica

The motility and fertility of the Japanese eel testicular spermatozoa, which had acquired motility during an incubation with K30 solution (consisting of 30mM KCI, 134.5mM NaCl, 1.3mM CaC12, 1.6 mM MgCl2, 20mM NaHCO3, and buffered with 20mM TAPS-NaOH at pH 8.1), were compared with those of the milt spermatozoa obtained from the genital pore of a Japanese eel. The motility percen tages of milt spermatozoa and testicular milt spermatozoa, were 84.7•}4.1% and 2.6•}1.9%, respec tively. The percent motility of incubated testicular milt spermatozoa was 63.3•}2.2%. The fertility and hatchability of the milt and incubated testicular milt were significantly higher than those of testicular milt. There were no significant differences found between the fertility and hatchability of the milt and those of the incubated testicular milt. To examine the toxicity of the high potassium concentration in the K30 solution on egg fertility, we compared the fertility and hatchability of milt spermatozoa diluted with K30 solution or K15 solution. No significant differences in the fertility or hatchability were found between the K30 and the K15 solutions. These results indicate that the testicular spermatozoa which ac
Source-sink relationships in wheat leaves infected with powdery mildew. I. Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism

The effects of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici ) on the carbohydrate metabolism of wheat leaves was studied during infection. During infection the triazole fungicide hexaconazole (trade name ANVIL, Zeneca Agrochemicals) was applied to leaves to determine if removal of the fungal sink reversed any pathogen-induced alterations in host physiology. Five days after inoculation there was a large accumulation of sucrose, glucose, fructose and hexose-phosphates and an increased partitioning of current photosynthate into starch rather than sucrose in both mildewed leaves and those treated with fungicide 2 and 3 days after inoculation. Within 48 h of inoculation, acid invertase activity bad doubled and this increase was maintained until 7 days after inoculation. Application of hexaconazole to a mildewed leaf caused a transient decline in invertase activity but over subsequent days activity increased again until it resembled that observed in a mildewed leaf. Hexaconazole severely inhibited fungal development and hence the size of the fungal sink. This suggests that the enhanced invertase activity was triggered by a signal from the fungus but was not directly related to the size of the fungal sink. These results suggest that (i) the stimulation of invertase activity in mildewed leaves altered the source-sink relationship of the leaf leading to an accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and a decrease in sucrose synthesis and (ii) that application of hexaconazole successfully prevented development of the fungus but that the metabolic alterations which occurred following the initial infection were not reversible within the time scale studied.