Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Malting Barley Better Feed for Cattle than Feed Barley

Barley grain from a combined intermediate and advanced barley breeding trial was assessed for grain, feed and malt quality from two sites over two consecutive years, with the objective to ascertain relationships between these traits. Results indicated there were genetic effects for both malt (hot water extract and friability) and “feed” traits (as measured by hardness, acid detergent fibre, starch and in-sacco dry matter digestibility). The feed trait values were generally independent of the malt trait values. However, there were positive relationships between friability, hardness and protein, as well as a negative relationship between extract and husk. Extract also had a positive relationship with test weight but appeared to be independent from the feed traits. Test weight also showed little relationship to the feed traits. Heritability values ranged from low to high for almost all traits. This study details where both malt and cattle feed parameters have been compared and the results indicated that while malt and feed traits do not correlate directly, malt cultivars can exhibit excellent feed characteristics, equal to or better than feed cultivars. This data highlights the benefit of selecting for malt quality even if a breeding program would be interested at targeting specific feed quality.
The Near-air Infrared Object Tracking Dataset

In recent years, the tracking methods for near-air infrared objects have been developed rapidly, but there is no dataset for the evaluation of these methods. In view of this, a series of near-air infrared sequences was collected by the aircraft, then the dataset for near-air infrared object tracking was accomplished. The dataset is aimed at various challenges of the short-term single-object tracking, and it followed the VOT-TIR2015.
Using Drosophila melanogaster to test the effect of multiple introductions on the ability of a non-native population to adapt to novel environments

Question: How do multiple introductions, versus a single introduction, of the same species, and the number of source populations of those introductions, affect the fitness of a population in a novel environment? Hypothesis: Multiple introductions will increase fitness by introducing additional additive variance on which selection may act, by creating new combinations of alleles, or by reducing inbreeding depression. Multiple introductions from multiple source populations will further increase this effect. Methods: Using Drosophila melanogaster in a controlled laboratory setting, genetically divergent lines were introduced to a novel environment of high ethanol content medium using either single or multiple introductions from a single source or multiple sources and then fitness was measured for 14 generations. Conclusions: Multiple introductions, particularly from multiple sources, have higher fitness in the introduced environment than do single introductions or multiple introductions from a single source.
Comparative Studies on the Tongue of White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis) and Common buzzard (Buteo buteo)

The aim of the current study was to investigate and evaluate the ultrastructural and histological aspects of the tongue as well as the histochemical features of the lingual salivary glands of the white-throated kingfisher (Halcyon. smyrnensis); a piscivorous bird and common buzzard (B.buteo); an omnivorous bird. The tongues of the two selected species were investigated in an attempt to elucidate whether variations in the nature of diet may associate with special adaptive lingual structures. Six animals of each studied species were used for the present work. The observed results elucidated that, the tongue of white-throated kingfisher was triangular and occupied 1/2 length of the beak while, the tongue of common buzzard was elongated and biforked at its apex and occupied 2/3 length of the beak. The tongue of common buzzard was longer than that of H. smyrnensis. Morphologically, three parts were distinguished in the dorsal surface of the tongue for the two studied species: the apex, the body and the root. The results showed numerous fine hard processes on dorsal surface of H.smyrnensis tongue. On the other side, such processes were apparently absent in the tongue of common buzzard. The dorsal surface of common buzzard tongue was keratinized. In contrast, such keratinization was absent in the tongue of white-throated kingfisher. The recorded results manifested that the salivary glands of both species were mostly simply branched tubular that open on the surface of epithelium by glandular orifices. The glands were well developed and widely distributed in the lingual mucosa of the common buzzard in compared with those of white-throated kingfisher. However, the latter species showed a unique feature that represented by existence of numerous simple tubular mucus glands arranged as one raw on the dorsal lingual epithelium. In addition, the present findings indicated that, the lamina propria of H.smyrnensis tongue had connective tissue and filiform papillae. In particular, the dorsal surface at junction between the lingual body and root of H.smyrnensis was covered by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. The histochemical investigations revealed that, the salivary glands were made of mucoserous cells that elaborate neutral mucosubstances, acid mucosubstances and proteins, in which the glands of H. smyrnensis showed stronger reaction for neutral and acid mucosubstaces and weaker reaction for protein comparing to those of common buzzard.
What characterizes persons with high and low GHG emissions? Lifestyles, well-being and values among Swedish households

Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions need to be reduced to around a third of the current level before 2050 and approach zero at the end of the century if we are likely to reach the twodegree target. Sweden has sometimes been promoted as a model for the transition towards sustainable emission levels, with reductions of 20 percent between 1990 and 2012, but when embedded emissions from imported goods are accounted for (and exports are excluded) the development instead show an increase by at least 15 percent between 1993 and 2010. The efficiency improvements have been more that counterbalanced by increasing consumption levels. Hence a successful fulfillment of the two-degree climate target probably requires action that goes beyond eco-efficiency, by also considering lifestyles and consumption patterns. In this thesis we have combined different theoretical approaches to analyze individuals’ conditions, lifestyles, well-being and values with respect to their GHG emissions. The first paper analyzes which factors are important to determine individuals’ GHG emissions. Socio-economic, physical and motivational factors are often considered in separate academic disciplines, and our aim is to provide a better understanding of their absolute and relative importance to households’ GHG emissions. We found that net income was the most important variable to explain variance in GHG emissions, followed by the physical variables dwelling type and geographical distances to work and other functions. Motivational factors such as pro-environmental attitudes and norms also affected GHG emissions but to a lesser extent, but some considerations limit the generalizability of these results. The second paper examines the relationship between individuals’ subjective well-being and GHG emissions from consumption. Our results suggest that there is no strong correlation between overall GHG emissions and subjective well-being, and that GHG intensive activities have a low importance for subjective well-being, when compared to social factors such as spending time with friends and family, having a job and being healthy. We also analyze certain behaviors and underlying factors that have been proposed to imply double dividends, and find some tentative confirmation that materialism is related to both lower subjective wellbeing and higher GHG emissions. In the third paper we continue the analysis of materialists’ consumption related GHG emissions, and their concern for the environment. We find no difference between materialists and others with respect to their concern for the environment, but the materialist group emits about 1 ton more GHG emissions per capita and year than the non-materialist group. Somewhat surprisingly, air travel accounts for around two thirds of this difference. Taken together with other results presented in the paper, it seems materialists’ concern for increased status is not specifically expressed through the acquisition of material possessions, and we question the established definition of materialism.
Regional Trading Arrangements: Natural or Supernatural?

This paper summarizes recent research by the authors on the effects of free trade areas (FTAs). Within our model, which emphasizes inter-continental transport costs, several conclusions arise. (1) FTAs are likely to be detrimental over a moderate range of parameter values, even if drawn along natural regional lines. (2) A small margin of preferences for neighbors is beneficial. (3) Optimal preferences depend on the parameters, particularly on transport costs. (4) If preferences are raised further, they enter the zone of negative returns to regionalization, and eventually the super-natural zone, where welfare is lower than under the MFN status quo. Estimates from the gravity model suggest the world system may already be in the super-natural zone. The core model leaves out many factors. But we have pursued a variety of extensions by now. Perhaps the two most important are generalizing the highly stylized model of trade (to include factor endowments), and relaxing the assumption that the inter-bloc level of tariffs remains fixed. In the latter case, allowing tariffs to be endogenous yields a much more optimistic outlook for the effects of FTAs. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Numerical analyses of stone column installation in Bothkennar clay

The paper presents the results of numerical simulations studying the installation effects of stone columns in a natural soft clay. Stone column installation is modelled as an undrained expansion of a cylindrical cavity, using the finite element code PLAXIS that allows for large displacements. The properties of the soft clay correspond to Bothkennar clay, a soft Carse clay from Scotland (UK). The complexity of this material is simulated via two advanced recently developed constitutive formulations able to account for the soil structure, namely S-CLAY1 and S-CLAY1S. Modified Cam Clay model is also used for comparison purposes. The paper shows the new stress field and state parameters after column installation and the subsequent consolidation process. This sets the basis for including installation effects in studying the settlement reduction caused by stone columns.
Involuntary Integration in Public Education, Fertility and Human Capital

This article analyzes the negative side of involuntary integration in public education – its effect on whites. The model shows that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and decreases fertility among more affluent whites whose children flee. In contrast, among less prosperous parents multicultural integration in public education decreases their children’s human capital levels. The analysis also demonstrates that among whites the poor, who can not afford to avoid the forcible integration, suffer from a higher negative effect than the rich, who can resort to the White Flight.
Capability of CORDEX RCMs in simulating extreme rainfall events over South Africa

iii Acknowledgements . v List of figures . vi List of abbreviations . ix Table of contents . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 What is an extreme rainfall event? 1 1.2 South African rainfall characteristics . 1 1.2.1 The topography and rainfall pattern in South Africa . 1 1.2.2 Synoptic systems that induce rainfall over South Africa . 3 1.3 Impacts of Extreme Rainfall over South Africa . 6 1.4 Predicting extreme rainfall events over South Africa . 8 1.5 Aim of the study . 9 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 10 2.1 Definition used to identify extreme rainfall events . 10 2.2 Conditions causing extreme rainfall events over South Africa . 12 2.3 Simulating extreme rainfall events . 15 2.3.1 A statistical approach to extreme rainfall . 17 2.3. 2 A dynamical approach to extreme rainfall events . 18 Chapter 3: Methodology . 21 3.1 Data . 21 3.1.1 Satellite data . 21
Complaints of electronic banking juxtaposed with financial inclusion – a South Africa perspective

The bank industry has experienced a phenomenal growth in adopting technology in its processes and products. These have brought a renewed sense in cost cutting measures and bringing efficient banking services to the banking customers. However there are a lot of gripes and issues arising from the adoption of technology in delivering banking services. The banking ombudsman as of May 2015 shows that the highest complaints within the banking services relate to ATMs and Internet banking. It is imperative in this study to find out how the complaints in electronic banking statistics relate to issues of financial inclusion and bank service efficiency. In this study electronic banking complaints lodged with a public service complaints service – Banking Ombudsman of South Africa and statistics on: ATM usage, ATM availability, branch banking usage and availability, cellphone usage, internet usage, financial exclusion and financial inclusion were used for analysis. Using a time series data for the period 2007 to 2013 a multi regression analysis was done. The study proves that internet and cellphone banking is proving to be a difficult channel to use in fostering financial inclusion in South Africa for the period under study. However ATMs are the most populous channel for financial inclusion in South Africa. Surprisingly branch banking has not been as successful as well. On the other electronic banking complaints faintly explain why the financial excluded are not eager to use electronic banking.
GEOCHEMICAL APPROACH OF RARE EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTION: A CASE STUDY FROM LAKE ACIGOL, DENIZLI, TURKEY

Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of Lake Acigol sediments show generally high abundance of REE compared to chondritic concentrations, with particular enrichment in LREE ((La/Lu)N = 4.85- 19.90), ((La/Lu)N = 7.09-15.14), ((La/Lu)N = 9.42-15.52) and ((La/Lu)N = 7.69-15.63) for the surface sediment and 0-10 cm-, 10-20 cm- and 20-30 cm-subsurface sediments respectively. Also these samples showed flat HREE normalized to Chonderite as (La/Sm)N ranging from 2.98 to 4.8 for surface sediments and for subsurface sediments from 3.28 to 3.97 (0-10 cm), 3.57 to 3.94 (10-20 cm) and 3.36 to 3.94 (20-30 cm) while (Gd/Yb)N ranging from 2.14 to 2.93, from 2.03 to 2.76, from 2.26 to 2.79 and from 2.05 to 2.76 from the surface and subsurface sediments respectively. Moreover, their REE profiles are similar to profiles of the continental collision basin (CCB) with negative Eu anomalies. In addition, their REE patterns illustrate generally low abundance of REE compared to concentrations of NASC, PAAS and UCC with very slight enrichment of LREE and positive Eu* anomalies. Therefore there is no comparable between our samples of surface and subsurface sediments and these types of international sediments.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Information and Communication Technologies: Two Case Study Examples

There is a growing requirement in recent times for stronger cost control and a demand for higher returns in businesses (Milis and Mercken, 2003). The use of Information and communication technology (ICT) to gain competitive advantage has become a key strategic issue amongst organizations in the fast globalizing environment (Kakabadse et al., 2005), as ICT plays a strategic role in the management of organizations. Rastrict and Corner (2010); Lin and Lin (2006) amongst others reveal that there is a growing support for the positive relationship between ICT and its benefits. Thus, it implies that ICT brings about organizational advantage. This paper is drawn from on-going PhD research and it intends to deepen our understanding on the impact of implementing ICT in organizations using two companies in Nigeria as case study examples. It further identifies the reasons behind the companies’ decisions to adopt ICT and the benefits associated with the use of ICT.
Wash-LOCI - A Semi-Heterogeneous Version of the LOCI Technology Allowing Removal of Unbound Material After Each Assay Step

Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies are a crucial part of drug discovery. These studies require analysis of high numbers of plasma or serum samples from animals and humans to measure concentrations of peptide-/protein-drugs. The demands to assays are that they have a high capacity, only need low sample volumes, have a broad working range to avoid testing too many dilutions of samples, and have a good sensitivity. They have to be fast to develop and preferentially be more or less ready “on the shelf”. When new drug candidates like peptides, proteins or peptide-/protein-analogues are developed it is important that assays are available to all relevant peptide-/protein-drugs in due time.
Diabetes and obesity in primary health care - a condition beyond physiological factors

Aims: The objectives of this thesis are to illustrate how obese and normalweight individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) experience their health status and health care interactions and to highlight the diabetes team (doctor, nurse, dietician, physiotherapist) approach to treating obese individuals with T2DM. Methods: Studies I and IV were qualitative interview studies. In study I, the informants were individuals with T2DM and normal weight or obesity. The analysis method was content analysis (n=28). In study IV, interviews were conducted with seven groups and three individual members of a diabetes team. The grounded theory (GT) method was used to analyse the transcribed interviews. Studies II (n = 287) and III (n= 339) were cross-sectional studies. In study II, health-related quality of life (HRQL) was measured with the Short Form 36 (SF 36) and Well-Being Questionnaire (W-BQ12). Attitudes towards disease and treatment were measured with the Diabetes Attitude Scale (DAS) and Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQs). In study III, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) were employed to estimate the subjects’ symptoms of depression and anxiety. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to examine differences between normal-weight and obese individuals with T2DM and between women and men. Results: The informants felt supported and secure when their care encounters were based on the perspective of the individual. When the encounter was based on the health care perspective, it created feelings of being stuck, defiance, guilt and shame. The health care professionals’ main concerns were to give professional, individualised care and to find the right balance between coaching and caution. T2DM and obesity were associated with decreased HRQL and increased risk of anxiety and depression in both genders. These associations influence health care professional-patient interactions and affect the individual’s coping with his or her illness. General conclusion and implications: Health care professionals in primary health care (PHC) must consider each individual with T2DM’s life situation, including physical, mental, cultural and social dimensions and the differences between the genders. Care plans must focus on the individual’s specific situation.
Market-Oriented Accounting Standard and Analysts’ Performance: Evidence from Brazil

This research investigates if the accounting standard oriented to external users contributes to improve decision-making in the market, represented by analysts’ forecast capacity. The hypothesis is that the forecast properties for Brazilian companies’ EPS were not impacted by the change in the accounting standard. The data refer to the period 2004-2014; we employed linear multiple regression, estimated through panel data to investigate the accuracy and precision and logistic regression to scrutinize biases. Our findings indicated, with significance, that the analysts’ forecasts did not improve, thus, not rejecting the hypothesis. It was highlighted that in the convergence with the new accounting standard, the pessimistic bias was foregrounded, bringing forth analysts’ conservatism; the accuracy diminished with the new standard and the precision between periods was not altered. This research lacks depth, considering its low coefficients of determination, and in the sense of determining the causes of such behavior. An inquiry about the utilization of accounting information by analysts was also generated due to the magnitude of the forecast errors detected.
The theory of discourse as a theoretical and methodological approach in the field of public policies in education

Assessment, as an institutional practice, has been designed for the sphere of higher education in response to the conflicts that prevail in the discourses that seek dominance in this field. Assessment is a discourse that clarifies the meanings, beliefs and values of both people and institutions with regard to conflicts and states of tension, as well as disputes and authority. Understanding assessment as being a discourse creates a need to follow an analytical path that places us in a realm beyond mere words and takes account of contexts, people, and meanings that are established through social practices. Thus, the Dicourse Theory provides theoretical and methodological categories that can assist us in conducting an analysis of the meanings surrounding the discourses of (and within) assessment. The reason for this is that in the Dicourse Theory, language is not regarded as the core of analysis but rather as one of the dimensions of social practices, and involves the inclusion of people and their relationships within a social domain that is constituted and being transformed.
An overview of the EtsaTrans machine translation system: compilation of an administrative domain

The EtsaTrans machine translation system has been in development at the University of the Free State for the last four years and is currently the only machine translation system being developed in South Africa for specialised and nongeneral translation needs. The purpose of this exposition is to present the program through its phases of development, and to report on current levels of performance. We analyse the output, the size of the database, and then propose the future implementation of a part of speech tagger and word stemmer into the program to improve its linguistic performance. Our goal with the system is not to translate all types of document, but to work in a specialised domain that will allow the system to translate documents that are repetitive in nature. This will enable translators to spend more time on non-repetitive subject matter. By capturing the nature of the language of such repetitive documents in the database, we are able to create a standardised language usage for the specialised domain.