Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interannual (ENSO) and Interdecadal (ENSO-like) Variability in the Southern Hemisphere Tropospheric Circulation*

Abstract Recent work has identified variability in the Pacific Ocean SST with a structure qualitatively similar to ENSO, but at lower frequencies than ENSO. Zhang et al. have documented the atmospheric circulation anomalies in the Tropics and Northern Hemisphere that are associated with decadal ENSO-like variability and compared these anomalies to those associated with the (interannual) ENSO cycle. Here the authors extend the study of Zhang et al. to the Southern Hemisphere using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data for 1958–96. Consistent with previous studies, the Southern Hemisphere circulation anomalies associated with ENSO display a teleconnection pattern from the central tropical Pacific into the far southeastern Pacific Ocean. Comparatively larger circulation anomalies are found in the Southern Hemisphere associated with the decadal ENSO-like variability, though aloft the structure of the anomalies emphasizes the polar vortex wit.
Editors' Introduction: The Effects of New Work Practices on Workers

The effects of employee involvement have been widely studied, including a special issue of this journal (Ichiniowski et al. 1996). This issue examines the effects of involvement and related programs on employees. This introduction examines several relevant theories and describes the methodological challenges. Of the many outcomes of interest ranging from employee satisfaction to health and safety, we focus our literature review on one: wages. The results of the studies we review vary widely, as do the programs those studies examine. Our reading is that many programs have no effect on wages, while on average, the effect is a small increase in wages after companies introduce new work systems with higher employee involvement.
Radiographic analysis of thyroid lesions using USG and CT scan

Background: To establish diagnosis of thyroid lesions using U SG as the modality of choice, sonographically characterize those lesions as regards to their natu e (benign v/s malignant), to define the spatial extent of these lesions and their relat ionship to the surrounding structures using USG and CT scan and to guide FNAC of these lesions whenever indicated an correlation. Aim : To estimate the role of USG and CT in evaluation of thyroid lesions. Material and methods: The present study was a prospective and observation al (non interventional) type of study. This study aimed at evalua General Hospital, by using USG and CT scan. This st udy comprised of 97 patients, sonographic evaluation was carried out in all 97 patients while CT scan was used in evaluation of 22 patients. Sonography with color doppler examination was carried out by PhILIPS HD9 AND GE LOGIC P5 and using 7.5 MHZ transducers. CT Scanning was done by using Siemens 16 slice CT Scanner. Results: Largest group of patients were in 31 common clinical feature that patient complained of was asymptomatic lump in the neck (55%), which correlates with the most common pathology which was Goiter. The largest group comprised of non toxic goitre followed by thyroid neoplasms. All pa thyroid gland with prominent thyroid septae and cap sule, the gland was enlarged in 4 cases and of normal size in one patient. Colour Doppler study sh owed all patients exhibited increased vascularity reffered to as thyroid inferno pattern at colour flow im aging. Conclusion: High resolution USG is recommended as the primary i maging modality in the evaluation of thyroid diseases. It has a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases. scan plays a role in evaluation of retrotracheal an d retrosternal goiters, large thyroid masses and staging of thyroid malignancies. d lesions using USG and CT scan. IAIM, 2015; 2(7
Claim verification using Semantic Lexical Resources

We describe our system used in the 2018 FEVER shared task. The system employed a frame-based information retrieval approach to select Wikipedia sentences providing evidence and used a two-layer multilayer perceptron to classify a claim as correct or not. Our submission achieved a score of 0.3966 on the Evidence F1 metric with accuracy of 44.79%, and FEVER score of 0.2628 F1 points.
Baryogenesis through Neutrino Oscillations: A Unified Perspective

Baryogenesis through neutrino oscillations is an elegant mechanism which has found several realizations in the literature corresponding to different parts of the model parameter space. Its appeal stems from its minimality and dependence only on physics below the weak scale. In this work we show that, by focusing on the physical time scales of leptogenesis instead of the model parameters, a more comprehensive picture emerges. The different regimes previously identified can be understood as different relative orderings of these time scales. This approach also shows that all regimes require a coincidence of time scales and this in turn translates to a certain tuning of the parameters, whether in mass terms or Yukawa couplings. Indeed, we show that the amount of tuning involved in the minimal model is never less than one part in 10^5. Finally, we explore an extended model where the tuning can be removed in exchange for the introduction of a new degree of freedom in the form of a leptophilic Higgs with a vacuum expectation value of the order of GeV.
The POINT-AGAPE survey — II. An unrestricted search for microlensing events towards M31

An automated search is carried out for microlensing events using a catalogue of 44554 variable superpixel lightcurves derived from our three-year monitoring program of M31. Each step of our candidate selection is objective and reproducible by a computer. Our search is unrestricted, in the sense that it has no explicit timescale cut. So, it must overcome the awkward problem of distinguishing long-timescale microlensing events fro m long-period stellar variables. The basis of the selection algorithm is the fitting of the supe rpixel lightcurves to two different theoretical models, using variable star and blended microlensing templates. Only if microlensing is preferred is an event retained as a possible ca ndidate. Further cuts are made with
0 . 10 73 6 v 1 [ qu an tph ] 2 5 O ct 2 01 8 Path-shortening realizations of nonadiabatic holonomic

Nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation uses non-Abelian geometric phases to implement a universal set of quantum gates that are robust against control imperfections and decoherence. Until now, a number of three-level-based schemes of nonadiabatic holonomic computation have been put forward, and several of them have been experimentally realized. However, all these works are based on the same class of nonadiabatic paths, which originates from the first nonadiabatic holonomic proposal. Here, we propose a universal set of nonadiabatic holonomic gates based on an extended class of nonadiabatic paths. We find that nonadiabatic holonomic gates can be realized with paths shorter than the known ones, which provides the possibility of realizing nonadiabatic holonomic gates with less exposure to decoherence. Furthermore, inspired by the form of this new type of paths, we find a way to eliminate decoherence from nonadiabatic holonomic gates without resorting to redundancies.
A Collaborative Environment Perception Approach for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

In this paper, we focus on vehicular safety applications based on the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) standard. We propose a new mechanism to alleviate channel congestion by reducing the beacons load while maintaining an accurate awareness level. Our scheme is based on the collective perception concept which consists in sharing perceived status information collected by vehicles equipped with different types of sensors (radars, lidars, cameras, etc.). To achieve our goal, we propose two main schemes. The first one consists in implementing the collective perception capability on vehicles and adding a new category of status messages to share locally collected sensor data in order to reduce channels load and enhance vehicles' awareness. The second scheme concerns the accuracy level of the received information from the collective perception enabled vehicles by fixing a prior error threshold on the position. The method proposed is validated by simulations and the results obtained are compared to those of an application based on the traditional beaconing scheme of the IEEE802.11p standard. The simulations show that the proposed scheme is able to significantly reduce the load on the control channel incurred by the beacons and the packet error ratio for different network densities and built-in sensors characteristics.
Prevalence of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital . *

The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Khartoum teaching dental hospital. Swab samples were collected from the water pipe lines of the dental chairs in the hospital (104 sample) and cultured; then treated with some antibiotics; Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, Meropenem and Tetracycline to determine antibiotic sensitivity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from swabs cultured from dental chair water pipes. Four swabs (3.8%) grew on the cultured media while the other 100 swab samples (96.2%) showed no growth. Drugs that showed maximum effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were Meropenem, Ciprofloxacin. Tetracycline was moderately active but Ceftazidime showed no effect on the bacteria cultured. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected only in areas cleaned by Chloroxylenol product (antiseptic Dettol), while other areas in the hospital which were disinfected and shocked by Sodium Hypochlorite were free.
Simplified Small-Signal Modelling of Grid-Connected Voltage Source Converters for Transient Grid Studies

Distributed generation (DG) units increasingly become subject to grid codes requiring an active and reactive power control capability. Since voltage source converters (VSCs) represent a key component in many DG units, accurate but simple models are crucial for analysing transient grid phenomena and to find adequate solutions that help to maintain a high power quality. This paper presents a simplified analytical model of a grid-connected VSC, which covers the power flow from the primary energy source, over the DC link to the injected converter's output current for frequencies well below the converter's switching frequency. After modelling all relevant components of an open-loop power-controlled VSC, a model reduction is performed with special emphasis on the influence of DC link dynamics. Finally, the resulting model accuracy is validated and compared to its low-frequency approximation by means of computer simulations and Bode plots, respectively.
Evaluating Textual Representations through Image Generation

We present a methodology for determining the quality of textual representations through the ability to generate images from them. Continuous representations of textual input are ubiquitous in modern Natural Language Processing techniques either at the core of machine learning algorithms or as the by-product at any given layer of a neural network. While current techniques to evaluate such representations focus on their performance on particular tasks, they don’t provide a clear understanding of the level of informational detail that is stored within them, especially their ability to represent spatial information. The central premise of this paper is that visual inspection or analysis is the most convenient method to quickly and accurately determine information content. Through the use of text-to-image neural networks, we propose a new technique to compare the quality of textual representations by visualizing their information content. The method is illustrated on a medical dataset where the correct representation of spatial information and shorthands are of particular importance. For four different well-known textual representations, we show with a quantitative analysis that some representations are consistently able to deliver higher quality visualizations of the information content. Additionally, we show that the quantitative analysis technique correlates with the judgment of a human expert evaluator in terms of alignment.
Haematological and Histological Alterations Induced in Rats by Gamma Rays and the Therapeutic Action of Phenolic compounds in Nano Particles Form

Phenolic compounds as para-coumaric acids and caffeic acids are natural compounds in nano form as Zinc Coumarate Nano Particles (ZnCoum. NPs) and Zinc Caffeiate Nano Particles (ZnCaf. NPs) have been shown to confer various biological effects, anticancer, enhance immune system and antioxidant properties. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the radio protective and possess ability of ZnCoum.NPs and ZnCaf.NPs against whole body γ-irradiation with a dose of 3Gy, 4 times, every week up to 12 Gy. ZnCoum. NPs and ZnCaf. NPs were given to rats by intraperitoneal injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg body weight respectively, for 7 successive days, post irradiation for (ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs) and [(ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs) + Irradiated] groups and for 30 successive days for (ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs), [(ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs) + Irradiated] and [Irradiated + (ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs)] groups. The results indicated that γirradiated group caused a significant decrease of body weight and hematological level disorders. Histological study also revealed that γ-irradiation induced vacuoles degeneration and necrosis of a great number of hepatocytes together with several hemorrhage and interstitial oedema. Whilst, the treatment with ZnCoum. NPs + ZnCaf. NPs pre or post-exposure to γ-ray protected blood cells and hepatocytes from harmful effects of γ-radiation. Keywords, gamma radiation, radioprotectors, nanoparticles, haematological, histological. El -Masry et al., J. Rad. Res. Appl. Sci., Vol. 5, No. 2(2012) 278
Coexistence of attack-limited parasitoids sequentially exploiting the same resource and its implications for biological control

Theory predicts that competing species cannot coexist on a single, non-replaceable resource unless the resource is partitioned. Host-parasitoid complexes (common in nature) admit hosts supporting more than one parasitoid species, a significant fraction of which specialize on that host. A simple one-host, two-parasitoid (1H2P) model indicates that stable three-species coexistence occurs under a wide range of conditions; shows that a parasitoid with attack aggregation sufficient to stabilize a one-parasitoid system can stabilize an otherwise-unstable two-parasitoid system; and contradicts, under these conditions, the generalization that the stronger competitor will draw down the resource to the point of excluding the weaker. When both parasitoid species are ecologically identical, except that one parasitoid species attacks earlier than the second, this difference alone is insufficient to cause competitive exclusion of the inferior competitor (the later attacker), under a wide range of host ecological values. For biological control purposes, our analysis illustrates potential conflict between the properties of a 1H2P system that provide the maximal absolute host suppression, and those properties that provide the maximal additional host suppression resulting from the presence of the second parasitoid.
Effects of relative team size on teams with innovative tasks

A large body of research accumulated on the consequences that absolute team size (i.e., team headcount) entails for the performance of teams working on innovative tasks. However, there is a dearth of research on team size in relation to a team’s assignments and objectives (i.e., relative team size). How this relative team size might influence innovation teams is therefore poorly understood. To stimulate theorizing on relative team size, we derive propositions from understaffing theory on how varying levels of relative team size affect teams with innovative tasks. We provide a more fine-grained analysis by differentiating between different dimensions of these teams’ performance (i.e., team creativity, output quality, and team efficiency) and develop an input-mediator-output model. Implications of our theoretical considerations and avenues for future research are discussed.
ASSOCIATION OF CYTOKINE GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS

PURPOSE: The present study examine the influence of IL12Bpro polymorphism, A/C substitution in 3’UTR of IL12B and A/G substitution in the promoter of IL10 on susceptibility to atopic dermatitis (AD) among Bulgarian patients. METHODS: Fifty three patients with AD and 206 healthy controls were included in the present study. Genotyping of the IL12B A/C polymorphism in 3’UTR was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms-PCR assay and for the IL12Bpro polymorphism and -1082A/G polymorphism in IL10 gene by allele specific– PCR. RESULTS: The genotype distribution of all investigated polymorphisms (IL12Bpro polymorphism, A/C substitution in 3’UTR of IL12B and -1082A/G substitution in promoter of IL10) among AD patients was similar to that observed in the control group. Respectively, the allele frequencies did not show significant difference between cases and controls. Lack of association between the genotypes of three studied polymorphisms and susceptibility to AD in investigated Bulgarian population was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In our present case-control study, we report for the first time that the IL12Bpro polymorphism was not associated with AD development. Also, our study suggests that the analyzed genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes do not appear to be associated with AD susceptibility in our Bulgarian population.
NONLINEARITY IN OSCILLATING BRIDGES

We rst recall several historical oscillating bridges that, in some cases, led to collapses. Some of them are quite recent and show that, nowa- days, oscillations in suspension bridges are not yet well understood. Next, we survey some attempts to model bridges with dierential equations. Although these equations arise from quite dierent scientic communities, they display some common features. One of them, which we believe to be incorrect, is the acceptance of the linear Hooke law in elasticity. This law should be used only in presence of small deviations from equilibrium, a situation which does not occur in widely oscillating bridges. Then we discuss a couple of recent mod- els whose solutions exhibit self-excited oscillations, the phenomenon visible in real bridges. This suggests a dierent point of view in modeling equations and gives a strong hint how to modify the existing models in order to obtain a re- liable theory. The purpose of this paper is precisely to highlight the necessity of revisiting the classical models, to introduce reliable models, and to indicate the steps we believe necessary to reach this target.
Timing recovery for two-dimensional modulation codes

Two-dimensional modulation codes were recently introduced as a method of increasing magnetic data storage densities. The authors introduce a timing recovery circuit for use by systems that employ two-dimensional modulation codes. The circuit generalizes the familiar square-and-filter approach. Computer simulations were used to determine the performance of this circuit in terms of peak-to-peak jitter vs. the signal to noise ratio at various pulse densities. Another circuit is proposed to remove relative time-shift from adjacent tracks. This circuit is necessary for proper operation of the timing recovery circuit in systems with removable media. <<ETX>>
1 Layered ternary and quaternary transition metal 2 chalcogenide based catalysts for water splitting 3

Water splitting plays an important role in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical 12 conversion of energy devices. Electrochemical water splitting by the hydrogen evolution reaction 13 (HER) is a straightforward route to produce hydrogen (H2), which requires an efficient 14 electrocatalysts to minimize energy consumption. Recent advances have created a rapid rise in new 15 electrocatalysts, particularly those based on non-precious metals. In this review, we present a 16 comprehensive overview of the recent developments of ternary and quaternary 6d-group transition 17 metal chalcogenides (TMCs) based electrocatalysts for water splitting, especially for HER. Detailed 18 discussion is organized from binary to quaternary TMCs including, surface engineering, 19 heterostructures, chalcogen substitutions, and hierarchically structural design in TMCs. Moreover, 20 emphasis is placed on future research scope and important challenges facing these electrocatalysts 21 for further development in their performance towards water splitting. 22
Ultrathin magnetic oxide EuO films on Si(001) using SiOx passivation—Controlled by hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy

We present the chemical and structural optimization of ultrathin magnetic oxide EuO films on silicon. By applying a controlled in situ passivation of the Si(001) surface with SiOx in the monolayer regime, metallic silicide contaminations at the interface can be effectively reduced down to a sub-monolayer coverage, as was carefully quantified by interface-sensitive hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Heteroepitaxial growth of EuO on Si(001) is sustained for this ultrathin SiOx-passivation, and bulk-near magnetic properties are observed for the 4 nm-thin EuO films. Our successful combination of chemically and structurally optimized EuO/Si(001) heterostructures by ultrathin in situ SiOx passivation makes this system promising for an application as alternative spin functional tunnel contacts in spin-FETs.
The Surface Expression of Semidiurnal Internal Tides near a Strong Source at Hawaii. Part I: Observations and Numerical Predictions*

Abstract Observations of semidiurnal currents from high-frequency radio Doppler current meters and moored acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) in the Kauai Channel, Hawaii, are described and compared with two primitive equation numerical models of the tides. The Kauai Channel, separating the islands of Oahu and Kauai, is a site of strong internal tide generation by the barotropic tides flowing over Kaena Ridge, the subsurface extension of Oahu. The nature and impacts of internal tide generation in the Kauai Channel were intensively studied during the 2002–03 near-field component of the Hawaii Ocean Mixing Experiment. Comparisons of observed coherent (i.e., phase locked to the astronomical forcing) M2 and S2 surface currents with model predictions show good agreement for the phases, indicating propagation of internal tides away from the ridge. Although the predicted M2 and S2 surface currents are similar (except for their magnitudes), as expected for internal waves at periods closer to each other (12.