Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Egg production and linear body measurement traits of local and three exotic chicken genotypes reared under two agroecological zones

This study was conducted to assess egg production, body weight and the linear body measurement traits of exotic breeds (Bovans brown, Koekoeck and Sasso) and local chickens reared in two agroecological zones under traditional management system. For the assessment of the egg production traits, 200 households were randomly selected from lowland and midland agroecologies. Linear body measurement traits were assessed from 192 chickens of the four genotypes drawn from 48 households of two agroecologies. The results indicated that the average age at first egg of all exotic chickens was shorter (p<0.05) than that of the local chickens in both agroecologies. The number of eggs per hen per year was 49.1, 134, 117, and 138 for local, Sasso, Bovans brown and Koekoeck genotypes, respectively. The Sasso and Koekoek chicken genotypes raised in the lowland produced the highest (p<0.05) egg number/hen/year. The body weight of Sasso, Bovans brown, Koekeok and local chickens reared in the lowland was 3.38, 2.91, 2.79 and 2.05 kg, respectively being (p<0.05) different from each other. The Bovans brown and Sasso chickens reared in the midland had higher (p<0.05) body length, chest width and wing span values as compared with other chicken genotypes. Among the male chickens, Sasso breeds were superior (p<0.05) in body weight, body length, and chest width. In conclusion, the exotic chicken genotypes had a superior advantage over the indigenous chickens in egg production traits as well as body weight and linear body measurements in both agroecologies. Among the exotic genotypes, the Sasso genotype was found to be the best in most performance traits in the lowland agroecology while the Bovans brown and Koekoek genotypes were suitable in the midland agroecologies. Further study is recommended to assess the resistance potentials of exotic chicken breeds against locally available infectious diseases and parasites in both agroecologies.
Anesthesia with Propofol in Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and its Effects on Electrocardiogram, Blood Gases and pH

Objective- This study aims to determine the efficacy of propofol in grass carp anesthesia and to examine the impact of the drug on electrocardiogram, pH and blood gases in this fish species. Design- Experimental study. Animals- 120 apparently healthy grass carps, weighting between 1-2 kg. Procedure- Fishes were sorted randomly into 12 groups of 10 fish each. Five groups were anesthetized by bath method with the concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/l and the other 5 groups by injection method with doses 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/kg, IV. Two groups were considered as control. At time of anesthesia and recovery, arterial blood samples from dorsal aorta of fish were taken and electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded. Results and Conclusion- In bath method groups, the arterial blood oxygen in 2 mg/l group was significantly higher than the control group. In 10 mg/l group it was significantly lower than the control. CO2 and pH showed no significant difference between groups and controls. In injection groups, the arterial blood oxygen in 2 mg/kg, IV and 10 mg/kg, IV, was significantly lower than the control group. CO2 in 6 and 8 mg/kg, IV group was significantly higher than the control but there was not any significant difference between CO2 and pH in other experimental groups and control. Moreover, it was found that the average of heart rate in all groups of propofol anesthesia was significantly higher than the control groups (p<0.05) and in all groups in ECG, r to r distance (RR) has decreased. However, in ECG, no difference in the heart rate, RR, PR, GRS, qt distances was observed among all groups of recovery and the control. Clinical Relevance- Results of this study can be used in anesthesia of fish for decreasing stress and movement at the time of surgery, diagnosis and in fish artificial fertilization procedure.
A Survey on Application of Data Mining Techniques; ItÃ¢ÂÂs Proficiency In Fraud Detection of Credit Card

Data mining techniques is widely used to detect frauds because these techniques are most effective. This paper present a comprehensive survey of various papers in which different data mining techniques are used to detect fraud. Based on defined criteria of evaluation, we have done analysis, compare techniques and evaluate each methodology on the basis of performance, efficiency and accuracy. The paper assesses strong and weak points of techniques and draws a conclusion at the end.
The Hamburg/RASS Catalogue of optical identifications

We present the Hamburg/RASS Catalogue of optical identications (HRC). The catalogue contains op- tical information about objects inside the error circles of ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) sources. The information was gathered from objective prism and direct plates taken by the Hamburg Quasar Survey (HQS). The plates enable an eective selection of several X-ray emitting classes of objects, as there are galaxies, AGN, QSOs, galaxy clusters and several types of galactic stars, in particular M dwarfs, hot white dwarfs and cataclysmic variables. In the cur- rent state (November 1996) the HRC contains information about 3847 X-ray positions and covers about 8480 deg 2 of the high galactic latitude (jbj > 20) northern sky. For 81:2% of the X-ray sources a plausible optical counter- part is given. The counterparts of the remaining sources are probably faint ( B> 18:5) AGN and galaxy clusters. The HRC is available electronically together with nding charts taken from the digitized direct HQS plates.
Categorising Modality in Biomedical Texts

The accurate recognition of modal information is vital for the correct interpretation of statements. In this paper, we report on the collection a list of words and phrases that express modal information in biomedical texts, and propose a categorisation scheme according to the type of information conveyed. We have performed a small pilot study through the annotation of 202 MEDLINE abstracts according to our proposed scheme. Our initial results suggest that modality in biomedical statements can be predicted fairly reliably though the presence of particular lexical items, together with a small amount of contextual information.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAIN RELEASE POVIDONE IODINE OPHTHALMIC DROP THROUGH NOVEL IN-SITU GEL FORMULATION

We have developed long-acting povidone iodine ophthalmic drops for the treatment of active infections of the conjunctiva and cornea by bacteria, mycobacteria, virus, fungus, or amoebic causes. The lead compound, IVIEW1201 is an extended release in-situ gel povidone iodine composition which exhibits sol-to-gel phase transitions when instilling into the eye. The effective concentration of povidone iodine is maintained by the equilibrium between solution and the gel bound components resulting in a long lasting anti-viral, antimicrobial, and less irritation effect.
Construction and Verification of Knowledge Base of Political and Economy News based on Mixed Algorithm of Subgraph Feature Extraction and RESCAL

With the intelligent development of digital government management services and the advancement of Knowledge Graph study, it is necessary and possible to construct and verify a sound knowledge base of political and economic news to satisfy the users’ requirement of learning the information. Due to the high profession and diversity of political and economic news data, the entity link in the initially constructed knowledge base is lacking completeness. Meanwhile, the high frequency of data update leads to the iterative update of knowledge base. To address the problems, this paper builds a comparatively effective system in which we apply the reasoning results to the construction and iterative update of the political and economic news knowledge base. Then, a syncretic reasoning algorithm based on Subgraph Feature Extraction (SFE) and the factorization of a three-way tensor (RESCAL) is proposed to predict a link and accomplish the reasoning. Using the field data of political and economic news as a case of engineering application, the system we built effectively solves the incompleteness of the entity link in the initial knowledge base and the iterative update problem. The function of knowledge reasoning module and iteration module of knowledge base construction and autonomous updating system are verified by designing and implementing knowledge reasoning, as well as updating knowledge iteration. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the functions of the knowledge base construction and autonomous updating system are verified.
Coding capacity of synchronous neuronal activity: reliable sparse code by synchrony within a dendritic compartment

Functional role of synchronous synaptic inputs to a dendritic compartment was studied. The framework of time-wise sparse coding and voltage-wise signal to noise ratios is layed out. The proportion of width of excitatory postsynaptic potential to the average period of a constantly firing input neuron define the available capacity of sparse coding in time. The reliability of transmission nonlinearly amplified if a small proportion of input neurons fire closely synchronous to each other. The asynchronous baseline, the salient synchronous peak and the theoretical maximum voltage at full synchronization determine the frame of signal to noise analysis. The available headroom between background and full sync peak and the signal to noise ratio are demonstrated to widen significantly when level of synchrony increases. Jitter reduces the signal to noise ratio and available headroom; at high synchrony level independently from input rate.
NON-LINEAR MAXIMUM ENTROPY PRINCIPLE FOR A POLYATOMIC GAS SUBJECT TO THE DYNAMIC PRESSURE

We establish Extended Thermodynamics (ET) of rarefied polyatomic gases with six independent fields, i.e., the mass density, the velocity, the temperature and the dynamic pressure, without adopting the near-equilibrium approximation. The closure is accomplished by the Maximum Entropy Principle (MEP) adopting a distribution function that takes into account the internal degrees of freedom of a molecule. The distribution function is not necessarily near equilibrium. The result is in perfect agreement with the phenomenological ET theory. To my knowledge, this is the first example of molecular extended thermodynamics with a non-linear closure. The integrability condition of the moments requires that the dynamical pressure should be bounded from below and from above. In this domain the system is symmetric hyperbolic. Finally we verify the K-condition for this model and show the existence of global smooth solutions.
Conditioned random walks and interaction-driven condensation

We consider a discrete-time continuous-space random walk under the constraints that the number of returns to the origin (local time) and the total area under the walk are fixed. We first compute the joint probability of an excursion having area a and returning to the origin for the first time after time τ. We then show how condensation occurs when the total area constraint is increased: an excursion containing a finite fraction of the area emerges. Finally we show how the phenomena generalises previously studied cases of condensation induced by several constraints and how it is related to interaction-driven condensation which allows us to explain the phenomenon in the framework of large deviation theory.
Adjusting the Focus of Attention: Helping Witnesses to Evolve a More Identifiable Composite

When perceiving faces under normal circumstances, the focus of attention is likely to be on the upper (e.g., hair, eyes) than lower (e.g., mouth, chin) facial half [1]. If such a bias were to extend to face construction, then it may hinder the effectiveness of forensic evidence collected from witnesses and victims of crime. In Experiment 1, participants constructed a single face using the EvoFIT holistic (police) composite system 24 hours after having seen an unfamiliar target identity. When constructing the face, participants were asked to select items from face arrays based on the whole face, or for upper and lower facial halves separately; these faces were presented in arrays either intact or horizontally-misaligned [2], and with external features (hair, ears, neck) present or absent. More-identifiable composites were predicted from (i) selection of separate facial halves (cf. currently-used whole-face selection), (ii) presence of horizontal misalignment and (iii) absence of external features. Experiment 2 used the same basic design but participants were requested to select for (i) upper-face half during evolution, (ii) the same as (i) but also for subsequent adjustments of the face, and (iii) overall face (Control). The composites constructed in both experiments were named and rated for likeness. Experiment 1 unexpectedly revealed that the Control group produced the highest-named composites. In Experiment 2, upper face selection during the evolution stage produced more-effective composites. In terms of practical implications, for the EvoFIT composite system, and potentially for other holistic systems, witnesses should be instructed to select faces for the upper facial half during evolution, to maximise subsequent identification of their composites.
Critical Mathematics Education: Extending the Borders of Mathematics Teacher Education.

This study describes efforts at two institutions to integrate critical pedagogy within the context of two mathematics content and pedagogy courses for K-8 pre-service teachers (PSTs). The purpose of the curriculum within these courses was to focus PSTs’ attention on how issues pertaining to social justice may be taught within mathematics contexts. The desired goals were for PSTs to: 1) come to appreciate individuals within their own communities as valid practitioners of mathematics; and 2) come to understand the responsibility that they, their school districts, curriculum developers, and others bear to ensure that all students have equitable opportunities to learn mathematics.
Diagnosing transient ionization in dynamic events

Aims. The present study aims to provide a diagnostic line ratio that will enable the observer to determine whether a plasma is in a state of transient ionization. Methods. We use the Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) to calculate line contribution functions for two lines, Si iv 1394 A and O iv 1401 A, formed in the solar transition region. The generalized collisional-radiative theory is used. It includes all radiative and electron collisional processes, except for photon-induced processes. State-resolved direct ionization and recombination to and from the next ionization stage are also taken into account. Results. For dynamic bursts with a decay time of a few seconds, the Si iv 1394 A line can be enhanced by a factor of 2–4 in the first fraction of a second with the peak in the line contribution function occurring initially at a higher electron temperature due to transient ionization compared to ionization equilibrium conditions. On the other hand, the O iv 1401 A does not show such any enhancement. Thus the ratio of these two lines, which can be observed with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, can be used as a diagnostic of transient ionization. Conclusions. We show that simultaneous high-cadence observations of two lines formed in the solar transition region may be used as a direct diagnostic of whether the observed plasma is in transient ionization. The ratio of these two lines can change by a factor of four in a few seconds owing to transient ionization alone.
In vitro antagonistic activity of fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates against Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii

Fluorescent Pseudomonas as a biocontrol agent offers a promising alternative to manage soil borne plant pathogens. However, the production of an antimicrobial compound varies among cultivars of the same species, and this has hampered the commercialization (Notz et al., 2001). Secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas play key roles in the suppression of various soilborne plant pathogens. However, the performance of this biocontrol agent varies depending on the environment and host plant species. In this study, In vitro antagonistic activity against phytopathogens by fluorescens Pseudomonas of the 5 isolates of Pseudomonas showed different rates of growth inhibitions of R. solani and S. rolfsii, ranging from 39.995 to 65.275% and 34.995to 68.325% respectively. Based on percentage of inhibition radial growth values, the antagonistic isolates in decreasing order were P141> P200> P66> P229> P260 and P66> P200> P141> P229> P260 against R. solani and S. rolfsii respectively The isolates P141 and P66 were found to have the maximum inhibiting effect on the growth of R. solani (65.275%) and S. rolfsii (68.325%) respectively.
The Impact of a Training Intervention Program on Fall-related Psychological Factors Among Male Older Adults in Arak

1. Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Arak, Arak, Iran. 2. Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 4. Full Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. *Dariush Khajavi1, Ahmad Farokhi2, Aliakbar Jaberi Moghadam3, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad4
Application of the Neuromatrix Pain Theory to Understand Sex and Gender Differences in Chronic Pain

Since chronic pain is a complex phenomenon, a conceptual model may be useful in understanding this complexity. One conceptual model commonly used to explain chronic pain is the neuromatrix pain theory, which aims to explain the integrative role of the brain in pain generation. While this model does not specifically identify aspects of sex and gender that might affect pain; it may lend itself to this application. The objective of this paper is to explore the influence of gender and sex in the context of the neuromatrix theory for better understanding of the widely reported gender/sex difference in chronic pain experience. Understanding the difference between the meaning of gender and sex is essential, because this can help identifying and organizing the role of both gender and sex as different inputs to the neuromatrix. Sex refers to the biologic condition of an individual as being female versus male, while gender refers to the social role with which an individual identifies. Gender can influence the cognitive and affective components of pain. So, gender can be considered as cognitive and/or affective inputs to the neuromatrix, which can modulate the pain neurosignature within the neuromatrix and consequently influences pain responses. However, sex hormones play a vital role in production of sex difference in pain response. Estrogen can influence pain processing before the level of the neuromatrix resulting in change in the sensory signaling input to the neuromatrix. It can also influence the different anatomical constitutes of the neuromatrix. Another contributing finding that can help explaining the sex difference and also the individual variations among women in pain response is the genetic expression of estrogen receptors within the neuromatrix. Eventually, it seems that there are multiple inter-related factors that may interact to modulate the pain neurosignature within the neuromatrix and produce the gender/sex difference in pain response. Considering these factors can guide pain management in women, and can also identify sex/gender as predictors of chronic pain that may become future treatment targets.
A Cognitive Model to Explain Gender Differences in Rate of PTSD Diagnosis

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that has been estimated to affect between 15% and 24% of individuals who are exposed to traumatic events (e.g., Breslau, Kessler, Chilcoat, Schultz, Davis, & Andreski, 1998). It is significant that (a) not all individuals exposed to traumatic events develop PTSD symptoms and (b) women are twice as likely as men to develop PTSD. Other factors play a role in the development of this disorder. In this conceptual article, we outline the problem of PTSD and, using a cognitive model, explain PTSD causal factors with a particular emphasis on the greater risk of women for developing PTSD. [Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 5:290–299 (2005)]
Effects of the abundance of spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) on nutrients and algal biomass in forested streams

We used natural variation in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) spawner biomass among sites and years in three undisturbed, forested watersheds in interior British Columbia to test the hypotheses that salmon were a major source of particulate organic matter inputs to the streams and that carcass biomass determined stream-water nutrient concentrations and epilithic algal production. Sockeye carcasses were retained at the spawning sites, primarily (7580%) by large woody debris (LWD) or pools formed by LWD. The abundance and distribution of sockeye salmon determined stream-water nutrient concentrations and epilithic chlorophyll a concentrations during late summer and early fall when most primary production occurred in the oligotrophic streams. Periphyton accrual rates were elevated at sites with high salmon biomass. Peak chlorophyll a concentration increased with increasing carcass biomass per unit discharge above a threshold value to reach maxima 10-fold greater than ambient levels. Epilithic algae were d.
Participatory Practice in Zambia: Pitfalls and Hopes for Tomorrow

This paper is informed by findings of a study which sought to explore citizen participation in Zambia. The paper used a phenomenological design. Qualitative data was collected and analysed using emerging themes. The results revealed that many Zambian citizens do not participate in developmental and economic activities, projects and programmes due to lack of development prevailing in most parts of the country, and in particular the high levels of economic stress that are felt at individual and household levels. The inability to implement the sound choices and policy decisions craft by central government though a number of policies, ratifications and deliberate initiatives that the country has assented to, aimed at encouraging participatory practice. This has also caused citizens to lose trust in legislatures. At local level, the majority of citizens have inadequate access to basic social and economic services to live dignified lives. Government’s inability to provide such services has made citizens not to see the need to participate in any developmental programmes. With all such situations, Zambian citizens are discouraged to participate in the governance of the country and therefore, participatory practices fail.
Financing decision: A vital key to explaining small and medium enterprises (SMEs) financial performance

This research focuses on financing decisions as a predictor of financial performance of small and medium size enterprises in Mbale District in Uganda. The study adopted a cross sectional survey involving a sample size of 341 SMEs in the categories of General merchandise, super markets, manufacturing, hotels and restaurants. Simple random sampling was used to select the 341 firms from the total population of 3,274 firms as the unit of analysis, the owners and senior staff were the unit of inquiry. One respondent was targeted per firm. Results of the multiple regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between financing decision of SME"s and their financial performance, implying that financing decision is a significant predictor of financial performance of SMEs in Uganda. As small and medium enterprises continuously search for ways of improving their financial performance they should pay particular attention to professionalism and interest rates in their quest to boost financial performance.