Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IoT Big Data Security and Privacy vs. Innovation: To appear in IEEE Internet of Things Journal , special issue on Security and Privacy Protection for Big Data and IoT

—In this paper, we address the conflict in the collection, use and management of Big Data at the intersection of security and privacy requirements and the demand of innovative uses of the data. This problem is exaggerated in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). We propose a three-part decomposition of the design space, in order to clarify requirements and constraints. To reach this final analysis, we begin by clarifying the challenges in the design space: (1) there is little agreement on what is meant by IoT, and in particular the security and privacy implications of different definitions; (2) we then consider the requirement and constraints on the big data that result from various IoT system designs; (3) in parallel, we examine the intricacies of the demand for innovation from the both the legal and economic perspectives. In this context, we then can decompose the set of drivers and objectives for security/privacy of data as well as innovation into (1) the regulatory and social policy context, (2) economic and business context, and (3) technology and design context. By identifying these distinct objectives for the design of IoT Big Data management, we propose that more effective design and control is possible at the intersection of these forces, through an iterative process of review and redesign.
Evaluation of the effect of different SCOD/TN ratios in a mainstream nitritation process

Avloppsvatten ar rikt pa organiskt material, det organiska materialet har med fordel anvants for biogasproduktion. Den traditionella kvavereningsprocessen kraver organiskt material, darfor har ett extern organiskt material anvants. Flera studier har fokuserat pa att finna en alternativ process for kvaverening av avloppsvatten, dar inget organiskt material behovs. En alternativ process som har studerats brett ar nitritation-anammox processen. Den har alternativa processen for kvaverening mojliggor sparandet av organiskt material samt energi. Examensarbetet har studerat nitritation steget i en MBBR, som ar tankt att foregas av ett filtreringssteg. Huvudfokus ar att utvardera effekten av utflodet fran filtreringssteget pa nitritation steget. Den storsta utmaningen med nitritation-anammox for behandling av huvudstrommen ar att undvika etablering av nitritoxiderande bakterier. Nitritoxiderande bakterier var tankt att inhiberas genom utforandet av en rejektfas. Tva parallella MBBR laborationsreaktorer anvandes for att studera tre olika SCOD/N. Under den forsta fasen studeras ett SCOD/N kvot som ar ungefar lika med 1 (med ett hog aktiverat slam utflode) i bade reaktorerna. Tva av de studerade SCOD/N-forhallanden bestamdes efter att ha utvarderat filtreringssteget i laboratorieskala. Resultaten fran filtrerings laboratorieexperiment indikerade en lag SCOD reduktion. De tva SCOD/N som skall studeras bestamdes att vara 5 och 7. I den andra fasen studeras SCOD/N lika med 5 i den ena reaktorn respektive 7 i den andra. Efter 31 dagar av kontinuerlig drift med utflode fran hog aktiverat slam, kunde en framgangsrik nitritation (NH4-N belastnings hastighet pa 0,8±0,1 gN/L,d och NH4-N reduktions hastighet pa 0,4±0,1 gN/L,d) kunde uppnas. Darefter vaxlades operationen for att testa effekten av hogre COD i inflodet (5 och 7) under ytterligare 45 dagar. I den har fasen kunde inte en nitritation uppehallas for varken 5 eller 7 kvoten, trots att NH4-N belastning hastigheten sanktes sa smaningom till 0,2-0,3 gN/L,d. Den hogre COD anses resultera i att erhalla fler heterotrofa bakterier i biofilmen som resulterar i svarigheter att styra processen. Tillvaxten av heterotrofa bakterier skapar en forandring i biofilm strukturen. Diffusions begransningar antas vara ett faktum som forklarar begransningen i aktiviteten pa ammoniakoxiderande bakterie. Aktivitetsforsok utfordes varannan vecka for att erhalla den maximala kapaciteten av bakterier under de olika faserna. Resultaten fran aktivitetsforsoken tydde pa en lagre nitrit- produktions hastighet under MPB, som reflekterade en begransad AOB aktivitet under fasen. Detta kunde forklaras med diffusions begransningar som uppstod pa grund av heterotrofas utveckling. (Less)
A feature extraction method based on LMD and its application for fault diagnosis of reciprocating compressor annular valve.

Taking the reciprocating compressor annular valve as the research object, the vibration signal of the reciprocating compressor ring valve was tested by the accelerometer vibration sensor. Through local mean decomposition (LMD), several PF (Product Function) components corresponding to the signal were obtained. Three characteristics parameter factors of these PF components are extracted, including the skewness coefficient (gi), kurtosis coefficient (qi) and total energy ratio (Ei/E). Then the valve is damaged to various degrees, including sawing the valve plate, removing some springs from the valve and drilling the valve plate. The same analysis on the operating vibration signal of the damaged valve plate was carried out to obtain the corresponding parameter factors of the normal valve. The results show that under the circumstances of valve sawing and part spring removing, the valve vibration signal obtained by the corresponding characteristic parameter factor will reflect the abnormal value of the fault, but the valve disc perforated state is not obvious. The above shows that although the LMD method has some limitations, it can accurately and effectively evaluate the vibration signals of reciprocating compressor valves, and classify the working status and the fault type of the valve, so it is a practical method to study the diagnosis of valve failure.
The Benefits of Safer Drinking Water: The Value of Nitrate Reduction

Nitrates in drinking water, which may come from nitrogen fertilizers applied to crops, are a potential health risk. This report evaluates the potential benefits of reducing human exposure to nitrates in the drinking water supply. In a survey, respondents were asked a series of questions about their willingness to pay for a hypothetical water filter, which would reduce their risk of nitrate exposure. If nitrates in the respondent's drinking water were to exceed the EPA minimum safety standard, they would be willing to pay $45 to $60, per household, per month, to reduce nitrates in their drinking water to the minimum safety standard. There are 2.9 million households in the four regions studied (White River area of Indiana, Central Nebraska, Lower Susquehanna, and Mid-Columbia Basin in Washington). If all households potentially at risk were protected from excessive nitrates in drinking water the estimated benefits would be $350 million.
Linear Optimization with Sparsity Constraints

We study the problem of online linear optimization with sparsity constraints in the semi-bandit setting. It can be seen as a marriage between two well-known problems: the online linear optimization problem and the combinatorial bandit problem. For this problem, we provide an algorithm which is efficient and achieves a sublinear regret bound. Moreover, we extend our results to two generalized settings, one with delayed feedbacks and one with costs for receiving feedbacks. Finally, we conduct experiments which show the effectiveness of our methods in practice.
The Magic of Heterosis: New Tools and Complexities

Abstarct: Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, an unsolved puzzle and a ‘miraculous’ agricultural phenomenon, refers to the phenomenon in which hybrid progeny of two inbred varieties exhibits enhanced growth or agronomic performance. Converse of hybrid vigour is ‘inbreeding depression’ caused by increased homozygosity of individuals, which reduces survival and fertility of offspring. Agricultural heterosis was observed nearly 100 years ago when hybrid plants out yielded their inbred parents and today this “hybrid vigor” is a major provider for global food production. One of the most promising approaches to unravel the genetic basis for heterosis at the molecular level emerged through the availability of molecular markers, as they have provided a powerful approach to map and subsequently identify genes involved in complex traits. Molecular marker technology was used to identify the genomic regions that contribute to heterosis for a trait of interest. The advancements in functional genomics have created a novel avenue to study the genetic basis of heterosis at the gene-expression level. The genetic basis of heterosis has been debated with respect to the relative importance of dominance, overdominance and epistasis; where one of the problems has been the use of whole genome segregating populations where interactions often mask the effects of individual quantitative trait loci. In this review the phenomenon of heterosis and the modern concept of its genetic and molecular basis will be discussed. [Gulzar S. Sanghera, Shabir H Wani, Wasim Hussain 1 , Wajida Shafi, A. Haribhushan and Naorem B.singh The Magic of Heterosis: New Tools and Complexities. Nature and Science 2011; 9(11):42-53]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net .
Multimode squeezing, biphotons and uncertainty relations in polarization quantum optics

The concept of squeezing and uncertainty relations are discussed for multimode quantum light with the consideration of polarization. Using the polarization gauge SU(2) invariance of free electromagnetic fields, we separate the polarization and biphoton degrees of freedom from other ones, and consider uncertainty relations characterizing polarization and biphoton observables. As a consequence, we obtain a new classification of states of unpolarized (and partially polarized) light within quantum optics. We also discuss briefly some interrelations of our analysis with experiments connected with solving some fundamental problems of physics.
Carbon for the oxygen reduction reaction: a defect mechanism

We demonstrate a new defect mechanism of carbons for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is predicted by the first principles calculations that a type of 585 defect on graphene (G585) is more effective than N-doping for the ORR, and our experimental investigations show strong support to this theoretical prediction.
Publications 2004-0101 Guided Model Checking with a Bayesian Metaheuristic

This paper presents a formal verification algorithm for finding errors in models of complex concurrent systems. The algorithm improves explicit guided model checking by applying the Empirical Bayes method to revise heuristic estimates of the distance from a given state to an error state. Guided search using the revised estimates finds errors with less search effort than the original estimates.
Workshop Design and Quality Control Issues Related to Dietary Assessment , Randomized Clinical Trials and Meta-Analysis of Field-Based Studies in Developing Countries 1

The essential design and quality control aspects of dietary assessment, randomized controlled trials (RCT) in developing countries and their subsequent meta-analysis are reviewed. Dietary assessment protocols consist of three stages: measurement of food intakes using a method appropriate for the study objectives, calculation of nutrient intakes and finally an evaluation of their nutrient adequacy. The latter may involve: 1) assessment of dietary diversity (average number of different foods consumed per day) and selected indices of dietary quality such as intakes of animal source foods (g/d); 2) percentage of energy from protein, fat and animal protein; 3) selected nutrient densities; and 4) dietary phytate:zinc molar ratio, as well as the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes calculated using a probability approach. To establish causality between the nutrient inadequacies identified and adverse health outcomes, RCT must be undertaken. A prerequisite of RCT is double-blind randomization, a procedure designed to eliminate biases arising from baseline confounding variables, unintended interventions and ascertainment bias. Results from existing RCT can be summarized via meta-analysis to gain a better understanding of the population relationship. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique involving linear models or generalized linear models, which can be performed after locating the individual studies, and selecting and abstracting all the necessary data. J. Nutr. 133: 1569S–1573S, 2003.
Misspent youth: does catching immature fish affect fisheries sustainability?

Vasilakopoulos, P., O'Neill, F. G. , and Marshall, C. T. 2011. Misspent youth: does catching immature fish affect fisheries sustainability? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1525–1534.The “spawn-at-least-once” principle suggests that sustainability is secured if fish become vulnerable to commercial gears only after they have spawned. However, some studies suggest that protecting immature fish is not essential to sustainability because extrinsic factors determine both recruitment and stock status. A meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the independent effects of exploitation pattern and exploitation rate on current stock status. The analysis used empirical data for 38 fish stocks of 13 species in the NE Atlantic. Two metrics of exploitation pattern were used and their sensitivity was compared. As expected, exploitation rate had a significant negative effect on current stock status. Exploitation patterns associated with high proportional fishing mortality of immature fish also had a significant negative effect on current stock status, providing empirical support for the “spawn-at-least-once” principle. When the fishing mortality of immature fish exceeds half that of mature fish, stock status falls below precautionary limits. Our results suggest that a sensitive metric of exploitation pattern could provide useful information about an aspect of exploitation that is currently overlooked by fisheries management regimes that focus primarily on exploitation rate.
Leveraging Elasticsearch and Botometer to Explore Volunteered Geographic Information

In the past year, numerous weather-related disasters have continued to display the critical importance of crisis management and response. Volunteered geographic information (VGI) has been previously shown to provide illumination during all parts of the disaster timeline. Alas, for a geospatial area, the amount of data provided can cause information overload, and be difficult to process/visualize. This work presents a set of open-source tools that can be easily configured, deployed and maintained, to leverage data from Twitter’s streaming service. The user interface presents data in near real-time, and allows for dynamic queries, visualizations, maps and dashboards. Another VGI challenge is quantifying trustworthiness of the data. The presented work shows integration of a Twitter-bot assessment service, which uses several heuristics to determine the bot-ness of a Twitter account. Architecture is described, Twitter data from a major metropolitan area is explored using the tools, and conclusions/follow-on work are discussed.
Solving the FS-RCPSP with hyper-heuristics: A policy-driven approach

Abstract In this paper, a problem in the area of scheduling, namely Fuzzy Stochastic Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (FS-RCPSP), is addressed. Like the original Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP), the objective is to minimise the expected makespan of the project subject to precedence and resource constraints. However, due to mixed uncertainty comprising fuzziness and randomness in the estimates of activity durations, the makespan is a fuzzy stochastic number. Recognising both fuzziness and randomness in activity durations results in more robust schedules but the scheduling problem is harder to solve. A hyper-heuristic, named Self-adaptive Differential Evolution to Scheduling Policy (SADESP) is proposed to address this issue. SADESP has two key modules: (1) a module (policyEvolver) which evolves scheduling policy and (2) a dynamic scheduling procedure (dScheduler) which makes scheduling decisions using a particular scheduling policy. The performance of SADESP is benchmarked against CPLEX across an extensive set of 960 problems created with ProGen – a standardised problem generator for creating benchmark problems in scheduling. The results returned by SADESP for FS-RCPSP are very encouraging, both in terms of accuracy and computational performance.
XIVE: External interrupt virtualization for the cloud infrastructure

In today's microprocessors, external interrupts are the only processor resource that has no full virtualization hardware support. Therefore, they create significant overhead in the form of virtual machine (VM) context switches, especially in cloud and hyperscale datacenter systems, in which the physical processors are shared by a large number of virtual processors allocated to the VMs running on the system. The IBM POWER9 processor closes this gap in the processor hardware virtualization support by introducing an eXternal Interrupt Virtualization Engine (XIVE) architecture. XIVE defines a holistic interrupt delivery mechanism that supports multiple layers of interrupt coalescing and hardware-based routing of interrupts to the correct physical thread and target level. As required, individual interrupts can thus be routed directly to a user process, to a specific supervisor or an operating system, or to the hypervisor, thereby eliminating the need for interrupt rerouting in software and minimizing the number of context switches. In addition, XIVE provides the means to automatically trigger escalation interrupts to the next higher privilege level in case the target of an interrupt is not dispatched. In this paper, we discuss the fundamental concepts of the XIVE architecture and provide an overview of the XIVE-based interrupt controller implementation of the IBM POWER9 processor.
Ontology-based Representation of Crisis Management Procedures for Climate Events

One of the most critical challenges faced by authorities during the management of a climate-related crisis is the overwhelming flow of heterogeneous information coming from humans and deployed sensors (e.g. cameras, temperature measurements, etc.), which has to be processed in order to filter meaningful items and provide crisis decision support. Towards addressing this challenge, ontologies can provide a semantically unified representation of the domain, along with superior capabilities in querying and information retrieval. Nevertheless, the recently proposed ontologies only cover subsets of the relevant concepts. This paper proposes a more “all-around” lightweight ontology for climate crisis management, which greatly facilitates decision support and merges several pertinent aspects: representation of a crisis, climate parameters that may cause climate crises, sensor analysis, crisis incidents and related impacts, first responder unit allocations. The ontology could constitute the backbone of the decision support systems for crisis management.
Sydney Siege, December 2014: A Visualisation of a Semantic Social Media Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment Analyses are widely used approaches to understand and identify emotions, feelings, and opinion on social media platforms. Most sentiment analysis systems measure the presumed emotional polarity of texts. While this is sufficient for some applications, these approaches are very limiting when it comes to understanding how social media users actually use language resources to make sense of extreme events. In this paper, the authors apply a Sentiment Analysis based on the Appraisal System from the theory of communication called Systemic Functional Linguistics to understand the sentiment of event-driven social media communication. A prototype was developed to code and visualise geotagged Twitter data using the Appraisal System. This prototype was applied to tweets collected during and after the Sydney Siege, a hostage situation in a busy café in Sydney’s inner city at the 15th of December 2014. Because the Appraisal System is a theorised functional communication method, the results of this analysis are more nuanced than is possible with traditional polarity based sentiment analysis.
Possibility of Using Tweets to Detect Crowd Congestion: A Case Study Using Tweets just before/after the Great East Japan Earthquake

During large earthquakes, it is critical to safely guide evacuation efforts and to prevent accidents caused by congestion. In this paper, we focus on detecting the degree of crowd congestion following an earthquake based on information posted to Social Networking Services (SNSs). This research uses text data posted to Twitter just before/after the occurrence of the Great East Japan Earthquake (11 March 2011 at 02:46 PM JST). First, we extract co-occurring place names, proper nouns, and time-series information from tweets about congestion in the Tokyo metropolitan area (TMA). Next, using these extracted data, we analyze the frequency and spatiotemporal characteristics of these tweets. Finally, we identify expressions that describe the degree of crowd congestion and discuss methods to quantify these expressions based on a questionnaire survey and tweets that contain a photograph.
Modélisation NoSQL des entrepôts de données multidimensionnelles massives. (Modeling Multidimensional Data Warehouses into NoSQL)

Les systemes d’aide a la decision occupent une place preponderante au sein des entreprises et des grandes organisations, pour permettre des analyses dediees a la prise de decisions. Avec l’avenement du big data, le volume des donnees d’analyses atteint des tailles critiques, defiant les approches classiques d’entreposage de donnees, dont les solutions actuelles reposent principalement sur des bases de donnees R-OLAP. Avec l’apparition des grandes plateformes Web telles que Google, Facebook, Twitter, Amazon… des solutions pour gerer les megadonnees (Big Data) ont ete developpees et appelees « Not Only SQL ». Ces nouvelles approches constituent une voie interessante pour la construction des entrepots de donnees multidimensionnelles capables de supporter des grandes masses de donnees. La remise en cause de l’approche R-OLAP necessite de revisiter les principes de la modelisation des entrepots de donnees multidimensionnelles. Dans ce manuscrit, nous avons propose des processus d’implantation des entrepots de donnees multidimensionnelles avec les modeles NoSQL. Nous avons defini quatre processus pour chacun des deux modeles NoSQL oriente colonnes et oriente documents. De plus, le contexte NoSQL rend egalement plus complexe le calcul efficace de pre-agregats qui sont habituellement mis en place dans le contexte ROLAP (treillis). Nous avons elargis nos processus d’implantations pour prendre en compte la construction du treillis dans les deux modeles retenus.Comme il est difficile de choisir une seule implantation NoSQL supportant efficacement tous les traitements applicables, nous avons propose deux processus de traductions, le premier concerne des processus intra-modeles, c’est-a-dire des regles de passage d’une implantation a une autre implantation du meme modele logique NoSQL, tandis que le second processus definit les regles de transformation d’une implantation d’un modele logique vers une autre implantation d’un autre modele logique.