Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chromatin structure: a repeating unit of histones and DNA.

ciations of the histones in chromatin but says nothing of details, such as whether the F2A1 and F3 pair, which occurs as an (F2Al)2(F3)2 tetramer in solution, also occurs as a tetramer in chromatin. The most direct evidence for an (F2Al)2(F3)2 tetramer in chromatin is that a complex formed from tetramers, F2A2-F2B oligomers, and DNA gives the same x-ray pattern as chromatin (Fig. 4, upper two traces). Tetramers and F2A2-F2B oligomers are both required to give the x-ray pattern (Fig. 4, lower two traces), but Fl is not-in keeping with previous observations (3, 23 ) that removing Fl from chromatin does not affect the x-ray pattern. Further implications of these results are discussed in the accompanying article (24). We are currently studying associations of the histones in chromatin by cross-linking. There are two difficulties that do not arise in experiments on the histones in solution: the amino side chains are involved in salt linkages with the phosphate groups of DNA and are thus less available for chemical modification; and the presence of five rather than two histones complicates identification of products from molecular weights. -Preliminary results do show less cross-linking of histones in chromatin than in solution, but crosslinked products up to pentamers are readily observed and call for further investigation.
Points on some Shimura varieties over finite fields

The Hasse-Weil zeta functions of varieties over number fields are conjecturally products (and quotients) of automorphic L-functions. For a Shimura variety S associated to a connected reductive group Gover Q one can hope to be more specific about which automorphic L-functions appear in the zeta function. In fact Eichler, Shimura, Kuga, Sato, and Ihara, who studied GL2 and its inner forms, found in those cases that it was enough to use automorphic L-functions for the group G itself. In the general case Langlands [L2-L4] has given a conjectural description of the zeta function in terms of automorphic L-functions for G and its endoscopic groups [LS] (see also [KS] for the contribution of non-tempered representations), and a description of this type has been verified in certain cases, beginning with [L3]. For GL2 it was possible to use the Eichler-Shimura congruence relation in order to make the connection between the zeta function and automorphic Lfunctions. In general one needs more information than the Eichler-Shimura congruence relation gives, and it seems to be necessary to describe the points on S over finite fields in terms of group-theoretical data (for the group G), in a way that is adapted to an eventual comparison of the number of points modulo p with the Selberg trace formula for G (actually with the stable trace formulas for G and its endoscopic groups), as is explained in [L2, L3, KS]. Ihara [11, 12] gave such a group-theoretical description of points modulo p in the case of GL2(Q) and its inner forms, and Deligne [D! ] gave a related description of the category of ordinary abelian varieties over a finite field. Langlands [Ll] conjectured a group-theoretical description in the general case, based on a detailed though incomplete study of Shimura varieties of PEL type [S]; Milne [Mil] gave a simplified exposition of this work of Langlands in a special case, using the description of the category of abelian varieties up to isogeny over a finite field due to Honda [H] and Tate [T2, T3]. Zink [Z2] gave complete proofs for part of Langlands's conjectures for Shimura varieties of PEL type, but by that time it was clear that a new idea was needed to give a complete proof for the full conjecture, even for the case of the group of symplectic similitudes. In fact the conjecture itself needed some refinement; this was one of the objects of some work by Langlands-Rapoport [LR], whose main goal, however, was to put the conjecture into a Tannakian framework, in which it became conceptually clearer. The final step was taken independently by
VEGF165 mediates formation of complexes containing VEGFR‐2 and neuropilin‐1 that enhance VEGF165‐receptor binding

Co‐expression of NRP1 and (VEGFR‐2) KDR on the surface of endothelial cells (EC) enhances VEGF165 binding to KDR and EC chemotaxis in response to VEGF165. Overexpression of NRP1 by prostate tumor cells in vivo results in increased tumor angiogenesis and growth. We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying NRP1‐mediated angiogenesis by analyzing the association of NRP1 and KDR. An intracellular complex containing NRP1 and KDR was immunoprecipitated from EC by anti‐NRP1 antibodies only in the presence of VEGF165. In contrast, VEGF121, which does not bind to NRP1, did not support complex formation. Complexes containing VEGF165, NRP1, and KDR were also formed in an intercellular fashion by co‐culture of EC expressing KDR only, with cells expressing NRP1 only, for example, breast carcinoma cells. VEGF165 also mediated the binding of a soluble NRP1 dimer to cells expressing KDR only, confirming the formation of such complexes. Furthermore, the formation of complexes containing KDR and NRP1 markedly increased 125I‐VEGF165 binding to KDR. Our results suggest that formation of a ternary complex of VEGF165, KDR, and NRP1 potentiates VEGF165 binding to KDR. These complexes are formed on the surface of EC and in a juxtacrine manner via association of tumor cell NRP1 and EC KDR. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 357–368, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Servitisation in European manufacturing industries: empirical evidence from a large-scale database

Manufacturing firms increasingly produce and provide services along with or instead of their traditional physical products. The goal of this paper is to provide new evidence for this servitisation of European manufacturing and test previous findings based on case studies with a large, firm-level data set. Empirical results indicate that service turnover of manufacturing firms is still small compared to the turnover with physical products. National differences play only a minor role in explaining the degree of servitisation. Firm size is of more relevance. Results reveal a U-shaped relationship between firm size and servitisation which points to advantages of both, small and large firms in servitisation. Moreover, servitisation is positively related to product complexity and the likelihood that the firm introduces product innovation.
Intervening Briefly in the Family System

A brief therapeutic intervention in a family is presented with the use of the Synallactic Collective Image Technique (S.C.I.T.). The technique proves to be a very useful tool for therapeutic intervention along General System Theory lines. The S.C. I.T. makes use of family paintings as a 2nd catalyst (the first one being the therapist) of transaction. Five sessions were held over a period of about one month. The family paintings reflect the successive phases through which the family transaction proceeded: From a dry, unsatisfying, mutually destructive relationship with no hope for co-operation and survival, through a phase of resistance during which each one was able to see his predicament, through a final phase after the 'storm' where the sun rises for the first time and co-operation for fruitful exploration begins. It has been observed that such a brief and intense intervention could lead, with proper handling, to the reactivation of self-leading processes, which generate more functional transaction within the family system.
Improve Record Linkage Using Active Learning Techniques

Record linkage is a crucial step in data integration and data mining. It has been studied extensively in the past several decades due to its wide-spread applications in e-commerce, healthcare, social sciences and so on. However, many record linkage models are not satisfactory in practice as they neglect an important aspect, which is how to repair the errors that are detected later on in the linkage results. In this report I develop a record linkage model that is integrated with active learning techniques to effectively repair errors and thereby improving the model itself and the linkage results incrementally over time. The model can accept user detected linkage errors, locate the errors in itself and repair it automatically. Also, with each error being repaired, the classification process within the record linkage model is refined, thus the overall clustering results can be improved. I have evaluated the record linkage model on two real-world databases and the results show that the clustering result can be effectively improved over time.
Global Risk and International Equity Portfolio Rebalancing

We study how international equity mutual funds allocate their portfolios across countries and what factors determine their asset allocation decisions using micro-level data on mutual funds between 1998 and 2012. Our empirical results demonstrate that fund managers actively engage in a rebalancing strategy to manage their foreign equity portfolios and a motive behind this action comes mainly from managing the underlying equity market risk rather than currency risk. We also find that fund managers’ degree of rebalancing is larger in equity markets that exhibit a stronger correlation with the global market.
the Collective-Relational Paradox in Consumer trust Judgments: Framework and Propositions

Rarely in its long history has the marketing discipline faced a paradox of such magnitude and clarity as it faces today in local and global markets. On a firm-consumer level, the focus on building relationships, deepening loyalty, and fostering consumer trust in the firm’s commitment to serving customers has never been more intense or clear. Consider, for instance, the Marketing Science Institute ’s recognition of the five topics of top tier priority for 2002-2004. Each of these topics appears to relate one way or another to better understanding, and strengthening the relationship between the firm and its customers. Yet, at a collective level the general distrust of business motivations, open cynicism and widespread belief that business in general and marketing in particular will opportunistically exploit society’s trust if given a chance has never been more palpable or real. Stories of this “crisis of confidence” abound in the popular press (Business Week, June 2002; Chain Store Age, May 2002). Additionally, polling data demonstrates the declining public trust in Corporate America (Golin/Harris Poll 2002; Booth- Harris Trust Monitor, 2001), general loss of public faith in institutions such as medicine (Schlesinger 2002), govern-ment (Chanley, Rudolph, and Rahn 2000), and business (Nye 1997). That collective distrust can coexist in an era when firms are redoubling their efforts to build relational trust is a paradox that has thus far remained below the radar screen of researchers and practi-tioners alike. As such, the collective-relational paradox of trust is little understood; even less recognized are its implications for consumers and firms in general, and individual firm-consumer relationships in particular. The purpose of our study is to provide an initial exposition of the collective-relational trust paradox. We provide a conceptual foundation for the collective and relational trust concepts. We draw from sociology, psychology and management disciplines for a directed and meaningful analysis of the collective-relational paradox. We then propose a theoretical framework that attempts to capture the impact of collective
XMM-Newton Observations of NGC 4051: Temporal Flux and Spectral Variability during Transition to the Faintest Phase in NGC 4051

We report on the results from temporal and spectral analyses of NGC 4051 observed with XMM-Newton. The X-ray variabilities in the higher-flux states are well explained by the combination of a variable, direct power law and a temporally stable, absorbed component. In low-flux states, however, spectral variations are mainly due to flux changes of the absorbed component. Furthermore, when the source enters into the lowest-flux state, the absorbed component no longer appears. One promising interpretation is that part of the central emission region is covered by a temporally stable material, while the size of the emission region varies so as to produce a flux variation predominantly in direct power-law component. Once the emission region becomes smaller than the size of the absorber, however, the absorbed flux also begins to decrease. Finally, when the emission region is reduced sufficiently, both the direct and absorbed components disappear (i.e., “switched off” state). In this state, we found the signature of thermal emission, whose temperature of 0.8 keV is in agreement with the average value obtained from statistical analyses of Seyfert 2 galaxies with starburst activity. This could suggest that NGC 4051 possesses a nuclear starburst region.
Drug resistance among Escherichia coil strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid

SUMMARY One hundred and thirty-one strains of Escherichia coli isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients in the United Kingdom were tested for resistance to 13 antimicrobial drugs. Sixty-four strains (49%) were resistant to one or more drugs and 44 (34%) were resistant to three or more drugs. Resistance to ampicillin, sulphonamides, streptomycin and tetracycline occurred most frequently.
Health Effects Of Transport Related Air Pollution

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Infrastructure-free indoor navigation: a case study

In this article, we describe a low-cost indoor navigation system, based on the capabilities of modern smartphones commonly equipped with accelerometer, gyroscope, camera and Internet connection. The main claim of this paper is that, relaxing the requirement of best accuracy, with an intelligent use of inertial sensors, digital maps, and ambient tagging, it is still possible to get good results. Our mobile application helps the user in retrieving directions and finding places in large indoor environments where the global positioning system (GPS) is not available, such as airports, hospitals, museums and so on. The goal is to get a system able to work without the use of any physical ad hoc infrastructure and without relying on any wearable device. We name our infrastructure-free system Roodin, and its features are as follows: user-friendly interface, quick install and calibration tool, point-of-interest search and guidance. All the features presented in this paper are designed and implemented, and the application has been evaluated with real users. A summary of user evaluation is reported in the paper.
Role of antioxidant defenses during estivation and anoxia exposure in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria tenagophila (Orbigny, 1835)

The effects of 24 h of exposure to underwater anoxia and 15 days of estivation (at 2627°C) on the enzymatic antioxidant system of the hepatopancreas of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria tenagophila (Planorbidae) are described. The effect of 24 h of recovery was also investigated. Catalase activity dropped by 31% during 24 h of anoxia, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was reduced by 43% during the 15 days of estivation. This is consistent with the overall decrease in metabolic rate during estivation or anoxia. Indeed, the heartbeat diminished by 2836% during estivation (determination was possible for only 4 days) and by 66% after 24 h of anoxia. On the other hand, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPX) activity increased during anoxia (from 10 to 14 mU/mg protein) and estivation (by 14%). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase activities remained unchanged during estivation and anoxia. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was unchanged during estivation and rec.
Sex Differences and Impact of Body Mass Index on the Time Course of Knee Range of Motion, Knee Strength, and Gait Speed After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Quadriceps strength deficits and gait speed limitations remain significant issues after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), yet detailed longitudinal data characterizing these measures and their predictors are limited. This study aimed to describe the time course of knee range of motion, quadriceps strength, and gait speed post‐TKA, and to assess whether sex and body mass index (BMI) influenced the time recovery of these measures.
Analytic network process in recovery mode of the end-of-life vehicles selection: A case study in an automotive industry

In the light of literature, the paper analyzed the current situation and found the existed problem. Based on the above discussion, the paper put forward the strengths and weaknesses of 3 recovery modes of end-of-life vehicles, which is M, TP and MP, and then focused on the selection of end-of-life vehicles recovery modes for automotive manufacturers. The paper established evaluation index system and models for the selection of end-of-life vehicles recovery modes from 4 dimensions (finance, business procedure, learning and innovation, customer) by analytic network process (ANP) approach. Finally, the proposed approach is validated by one numerical example and gets a satisfactory result. It provides a new way for automotive manufacturers to select recovery modes in reverse logistics.
Morphine-induced cardiovascular stimulation: the effects of two doses on healthy subjects.

UNLABELLED In humans, morphine induces hypotension, probably because of histamine liberation. Earlier animal studies have, however, suggested that morphine can induce immediate cardiovascular stimulation when given as a sole medication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial effects of morphine on circulation, oxygen consumption, and plasma histamine and catecholamine concentrations. Oxycodone was used as a reference drug. Eight healthy volunteers received, in a random, cross-over, double-blinded fashion: 0.07 mg/kg morphine (M1); 0.14 mg/kg morphine (M2); 0.14 mg/kg oxycodone (O); and placebo (P) as a 2-min IV injection for pain. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and oxygen consumption (VO(2)) were recorded. Plasma histamine and catecholamine concentrations were determined. Both M1 and M2 elicited an initial, but transient, increase in MAP from 84 +/- 5 to 96 +/- 9 mm Hg (P < 0.05) and from 83 +/- 8 to 100 +/- 10 mm Hg (P < 0.05), respectively. A parallel increase in HR was also seen after M1 (from 62 +/- 12 to 70 +/- 10 bpm, P < 0.05) and M2 (from 67 +/- 9 to 78 +/- 8 bpm, P < 0.05). After M2, this was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in VO(2) from 295 +/- 39 mL/min to 322 +/- 61 mL/min (P < 0.05). After O, as well as P, no increase in MAP or HR was detected. Plasma histamine and catecholamine concentrations were not clearly affected by any of the treatments. We conclude that the immediate effect of morphine on the hemodynamics of healthy volunteers was stimulation, not hypotension. This effect was not seen in conjunction with oxycodone, a morphine-like mu-receptor agonist. IMPLICATIONS In this double-blinded, randomized study, we evaluated whether morphine could induce immediate cardiovascular stimulation, as seen previously in animal studies. In healthy volunteers, during a painful stimulus, morphine caused an initial, transient hemodynamic stimulation, accompanied by increased oxygen consumption, without detectable release of histamine or catecholamines into the plasma. Oxycodone caused only minor hemodynamic alterations.
Genetic Heterogeneity of Hepatitis C Virus: Quasispecies and Genotypes

Worldwide, HCV is a major etiologic agent of chronic hepatitis that may lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, significant morbidity and mortality is caused by HCV infection and effective control measures against the spread of this virus are needed. Originally, the extent of genetic heterogeneity of HCV was not fully appreciated. However, the breadth of the genetic heterogeneity of HCV is great, and this may have important implications in diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and vaccine development. In an infected individual the HCV genome population circulates as a quasispecies distribution of closely related yet heterogeneous RNA sequences centered around one dominant sequence. The dominant sequence, as well as the consensus sequence, changes sequentially during the course of the infection. A hypervariable region (HVR1) within one of the envelope proteins of HCV (E2) evolves very rapidly. Patients infected with HCV mount a humoral immune response to epitopes of HVR1. However, sequential changes in the consensus sequence of HVR1 during infection result in the generation of variants that are not recognized by preexisting antibodies. This might represent a mechanism by which HCV evades host immune surveillance and establishes and maintains persistent infection. It will be important to determine whether HVR1 of HCV, as was found for the V3 loop of HIV, contains epitopes that elicit neutralizing antibodies against HCV. Furthermore, it will be important to determine whether the quasispecies nature of HCV helps the virus evade the cytotoxic T-cell response of the host. Analysis of complete or partial HCV genomic sequences revealed that HCV exists as multiple, distinct genotypes. A total of nine major genetic groups and at least 30 subgroups have been recognized. To evaluate the current classification of HCV genotypes, we performed phylogenetic analyses of complete and partial nucleotide sequences from isolates that represent all published variants of HCV. Analysis of complete HCV sequences, which represent three major genetic groups, supports the currently used genotype classification scheme. However, analysis of the partial genomic regions (ie, C, E1, and NS5b) of HCV isolates that represent all recognized variants of HCV demonstrates that the genetic relatedness among some of the genotypes was not equivalent in the different gene regions. Furthermore, the distinction among isolates, subtypes, and types of HCV was not always clear. This finding might reflect the shortcomings of analyzing only limited gene regions or may reflect the wide spectrum of genetic variation of HCV. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Leadership’s Role in Leveraging Workforce Diversity

The purpose of this chapter is to examine some key trends in the workplace and marketplace that require successful corporate leaders to leverage workforce diversity. Such diversity poses certain challenges, which leaders can tackle and turn into lucrative opportunities to enhance not only productivity, sales, revenues, profits, brand, and reputation, but also the innovation so necessary for corporate survival. At the national level, the ability to compete in a global marketplace depends on successful innovation and has been a key driver of American eminence in the world. At the global level, innovation can empower people to move beyond fear of the future to actually shape their future; for example, we are currently seeing how technological innovations, such as cell phones and the Internet, are empowering people in the Middle East. The ability to understand and connect with people from diverse cultures also generates major opportunities to create peaceful relations as well as material abundance. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-1812-1.ch007