Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tunneling and Monitoring in Chinese Share Market

There has been ample evidence suggesting that i°tunnelingi± or expropriation of minority shareholders by the controlling shareholders has been a serious problem in the share market in China. This remains the case, despite the fact that the share division arrangement has been discontinued, and shares owned by different shareholders are now treated equally in share market (full circulation). Empirical studies suggest that improved legal protection of investors and enhanced regulation are efficient and essential measures to restrict tunneling. There are, however, few studies that have explored this topic theoretically. Aiming to fill this gap in the literature, this paper sets up a mixed-strategy game between the regulator (the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)) and a controlling shareholder of a representative company to analyze the strategies of both sides and investigate factors that may curb tunneling. Based on the model, recommendations on how to restrict expropriation of minority shareholders are presented. Results from this model provide theoretical support for empirical studies.
A critical assessment of epidemiological studies for the investigation of the health risk of drinking untreated rainwater

Rainwater has been used for many purposes globally including drinking, however whether untreated rainwater is a risk factor for health problems remains inconclusive. Rainwater tanks generally serve households and in many instances illness may not be reported. There are some published studies which have investigated the role of rainwater in the occurrence of illness. Additionally, several outbreaks associated with rainwater have been reported in the literature. The many epidemiological study designs which have been used in these investigations will be discussed. This paper will critically assess the advantages and limitations of the various epidemiological designs and present a design which may provide a more conclusive answer to the role of rainwater on the health of persons who use it for drinking. A current randomized controlled trial assessing the risk associated with drinking untreated rainwater amongst people who choose rainwater as their primary source of drinking water will be discussed.
Transcriptional Networks of Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyogenesis

Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells that, if cultured under specific conditions, give rise to clusters of beating cardiomyocytes. Beating cardiomyocytes, also dubbed beating areas, display gene expression profiles and functional properties similar to adult cardiomyocytes. In line with this, a wide heterogeneity has been observed in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, resembling thus the distinct characteristics of atrial, ventricular and conductive cardiomyocytes. It has been recently demonstrated that two distinct cardiogenic precursor cells contribute to the developing heart. The first heart field contributes to the cardiac linear straight tube while a second population of cells adds cells to both arterial and venous pole of the cardiac tube, delimiting thus the second heart field. As cardiogenesis advances the first heart field mainly gives rise to the left ventricle, whereas the second heart field contributes to the right ventricle, outflow tract and the atrial chambers. A third population of cells, with distinct gene expression fingerprint has been demonstrated to form the inflow tract, suggesting the possible existence of a third heart field. Over the last years we have gained insights about the transcriptional mechanisms that govern the distinct heart fields, however, our understanding about if such endogenous program is recapitulated in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyogenesis remains elusive. Within this review we elaborate about the current state-of-the-art of the transcriptional networks that operate during embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyogenesis, with special emphasis on the development of heart field transcriptional networks.
An alternative paradigm for food production, distribution, and consumption: A noneconomist's perspective

The Industrial Food and Agricultural (IFA) industry has become increasingly excoriated by proponents of the Naturalization Food and Agricultural (NFA) paradigm over the past decade. Thought leaders of this alternative movement have been calling for economic and policy overhauls of the food system—touching upon human health, labor rights, the environment, climate change, and animal welfare. Although the majority of these thought leaders are not economists or scientists, their arguments are structured to shape consumer choices and farmers’ production decisions, influence food and agricultural policy, and ultimately affect the economics of the industry. In this article, we survey publications at the forefront of the NFA paradigm, touching upon the work of Pollan, Schlosser, Petrini, Bittman, Nestle, and Kremen, among others, as well as the earlier contributions of Carson, Sinclair, Steinbeck, Buck, and even Jefferson. Their solutions, although short on quantitative analysis and long on prescriptions, address.
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, treinta años haciendo educación a distancia

The Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja has thirty years of experience in Distance Higher Education expressing, in some way, the actual status of Distance Education in Latin America. We discuss, from the point of view of our history and the dual educational system in our University, the most outstanding milestones of Distance Education in general (which is the most important educational breakthrough of the twentieth century) and propose future research lines. We must also mention the need for a genuine systemic approach for Distance Education and its integration with the different elements of a University which is focused on the development of research, linked to society and open to the world. The Educational Model of the University must be focused on a prospective and humanistic approach, away from theoricism, integrating all the aspects of the educational context in an organized way.
Neuropharmacological Assessment of an Aqueous Bark Extract of Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch. (Moraceae) in Rodents

Antiaris toxicaria is a plant traditionally used in Ghana for the treatment of various neurological conditions such as epilepsy and pain. This present study therefore seeks to screen for the neuropharmacological activities of the aqueous extract of Antiaris toxicaria (AAE) stem bark. The effect of Antiaris extract on pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, tail immersion test, spontaneous locomotor activity, motor coordination, PTZ-induced convulsions as well as the Irwin test was investigated. The extract produced analgesia and Straub tail at (300-3000 mg kg-1) in the Irwin test suggestive of a morphine-like action. These effects were absent after 24 h. No deaths were recorded in the test estimating the LD50 to be above 3000 mg kg-1. Spontaneous locomotor activity of the mice in the activity meter test was decreased significantly (p
A "RELATIVE ESCAPE"? THE IMPACT OF CONSTRAINTS ON WOMEN WHO TRAVEL SOLO

Women in contemporary Western society have increased options, resources, and opportu- nities to access a greater array of tourism and leisure choices. Yet the freedoms women have to con- sume these choices, and to access satisfying leisure and travel experiences, may be constrained by their social and gendered location as females. Leisure-based research has shown that women tend to be more highly and intensely constrained in their leisure pursuits, particularly when these activities are undertaken out of the home or in the outdoors. Little research, however, has explored how con- straints impact on women's experiences in a tourism context, especially when they travel "solo. " This article presents results of a qualitative, exploratory study of 40 Australian women's experiences of solo travel. In-depth interviews with these women reveal that constraints do exist and exert influence on their lives and travel experiences in a myriad of ways. Four interlinking categories of constraint were identified through a grounded approach to data analysis: sociocultural, personal, practical, and spatial. Further definition of these categories evolved, depending on where the women were situated in their travel experience (i.e., "pretravel" or "during travel"). The women's solo travel constraints will be presented and defined in this article, and practical implications for the tourism industry will also be discussed.
A NEW INSIGHT TO THE GALACTIC OVZ STARS

Based on a large sample of spectra from the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS, Maiz Apellaniz et al. 2011) a systematic study of the Galactic O dwarfs belonging to the luminosity subclass Vz is being performed. Preliminary results suggest a redefinition of the quantitative criterion to assign the “z” qualifier to the spectra. As a high-mass star probably begins to burn H while still accreting material, the Zero-Age MainSequence (ZAMS) phase of the O-type star is very difficult to observe in the UV-optical range. However numerous O stars appear to be very young. The luminosity class Vz was introduced to describe those O-dwarf spectra that show the He ii 4686 absorption stronger than any other He line (e.g. Walborn & Blades 1997). This characteristic is hypothesized to represent an “inverse” behaviour of the Of effect, which is due to the emission filling of the line and correlates with luminosity. Thus, OVz objects are expected to be less luminous and less evolved, i.e., nearer to the ZAMS. Quantitative studies place some objects on and others apart from the ZAMS. Based on the VFTS data (Evans et al. 2011), SabinSanjulian et al. (SS13) analyzed a sample of OVz stars in 30 Doradus, finding that, as a class, they are closer to the ZAMS, although there is a considerable number of cases with ages of 2-4 Myr. They also proposed that the large number of OVz stars in 30 Dor is related to the low metallicity of the LMC. Our sample of study consists of 131 O dwarfs selected from the GOSSS database. SB2 and peculiar spectra have been discarded. 59 of these objects (∼ 45%) are classified as Vz. They show a peculiar spectral-type distribution, with an “excess” of objects at intermediate types, very different from that shown by the “normal” dwarfs (see Fig. 1, top). Both distributions are however very similar to those found in 30 Dor by SS13. As rotational broadening and other effects influence the He i and He ii lines dif-
Drug Utilization Study in Congestive Heart Failure at a Tertiary Care Hospital

The incidence and prevalence of Congestive heart failure (CHF) is increasing. Several large clinical trials have found that pharmacological therapy results in decrease in mortality and morbidity. Despite the advances in drug therapy the morbidity and mortality of heart failure continues to remain high. Education of healthcare professionals on evidence based therapy plays an important role in successful heart failure programme. For a developing country like India, 70% of the population resides in rural areas, a national drug policy is needed for rational drug use. To achieve this, pattern of usage and monitoring drug use profile over a period of time is important. There are very few studies available pertaining to drug utilization in heart failure. Hence the present study. The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India May 2011 to August 2012. Detailed history, chief complaints, physical signs & symptoms and investigations were recorded. During this period 100 prescriptions were collected. The data was analyzed using SPPS software. Almost all the patients received Diuretics either by oral or parenteral route. Majority of the patients were treated with ACE inhibitors or ARBs. Initial therapy was with diuretics in most of the cases and ACE inhibitors in few, further modified in some cases based on the response and later on β blockers and other drugs were added. A wide range of drugs were used in our study, the frequently used once were Diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, Bronchodilators and Hypolipidemic agents. It was observed that daily defined dose (DDD) value was highest for Furosemide (1.130) and then was with ramipril (0.791), the least DDD was with Metoprolol (0.015). The use of Pharmacoepidemiological data can aid the design, delivery & evaluation of interventions to improve the use of drugs in CHF patients & health outcomes of the patients.
Sustainable Urban Development in Historical Cities using the Heritage Trail Approach: A Case Study of the Old City of Karak, Jordan

The last two decades have witnessed many discussions, studies, and policies and the application of several models linking tourism and cultural heritage as major contributors to local sustainable urban development. In the Jordanian context, cultural heritage tourism has a particular relevance. Due to its diverse legacy of cultural and heritage sites that attests to its rich history as a crossroads of civilizations. Against this background, the World Bank funded an extensive program of rehabilitation and improvement of five historic cities in Jordan [1] . One of the most important actions is based on a structure of thematic heritage trails, with the aim of supporting the visit of the historic core. This paper emphasizes the sustainable development of historical areas based on their potential as cultural tourism sites. It examines the concept of using a "heritage trail" as a primary, multifunctional, urban rehabilitation axis that would enhance the connectedness and integration of the direct heritage action project area with the larger historical urban fabric as well as a major contributor to local sustainable urban development. To test this theoretical approach, the paper investigates three nodes of interaction stimulated by the heritage trail: conservation and rehabilitation, and interpretation. To illustrate the validity of the proposed approach, this paper discusses the heritage trail as an approach used in the Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Urban Development Project (CHTUDP) in the historical core of the Old city of Karak, Jordan as a case study. Keywords : Karak, Old City of Karak, Tourism and Urban Development Project (CHTUDP), City Revitalization Project (CRP), Cultural heritage tourism, heritage Assets, Heritage Trail [1] The Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan has received financing from the World Bank toward the cost of the Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Urban Development Project (CHTUDP), that intends to promote tourism development in five key historically and culturally important cities: Jerash, Karak, Madaba, Salt and Ajloun and thereby create the conditions for local economic development.
Quasi-ballistic phonon transport effects on the determination of the mean-free path accumulation function for the effective thermal conductivity

The mean-free path (MFP) accumulation function for the effective thermal conductivity, introduced by Dames and Chen is a compact, universal and highly useful summary of the effect of ballistic thermal transport on the effective thermal conductivity measured by various experiments. The frequency domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) experiment is especially well suited to its determination. Extraction of the accumulation function from this experiment uses the thermal penetration depth (TPD) of phonons at each frequency as a cut-off for classifying phonons as ballistic or diffusive at that frequency. In this paper, we show that using the TPD as a cut-off is arbitrary and prone to serious error. We report on a new technique to deduce the MFP accumulation function from the FDTR experiment by numerical solution of an enhanced Fourier law.
Identification of The Problems Faced by Madrasahs in Response to Institutional Change

Within form and its current status, the existence of madrasah actually has passed a long history in struggling for the recognition and equality. National Education System Act No. 2 of 1989 and Act No. 20 of 2003 are the basic policy, which decided by the government to meet the aspiration of political education of Muslims ummah. This study is to answer the question on how the prospects and challenges are faced by madrasah after being transformed as a policy product. This study tries to provide the answers and reveal a number of phenomenons, which particularly encountered by madrasah within its new status. To portray a full description requires with the various problems faced by madrasah, thus this study will use a phenomenological qualitative approach. Although from legal perspective the existence of madrasah is getting stronger, the research finding shows that the implementation of transformation confronts several problems, as follows: (1) management capacity, (2) curriculum, (3) lack of human sources, (4) academic orientation and the dichotomy of science, (5) context of national examination, and (6) context of regional autonomy. Keywords–educational policy, change of status, transformation,
Combination of elastography and tissue quantification using the acoustic radiation force impulse technology for differential diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis with Breast Cancer.

Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-1835 / Combination of elastography and tissue quantification using the acoustic radiation force impulse technology for differential diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis with Breast Cancer. " by: "M. Teke, M. Gumus, F. Teke, C. Goya, C. Hamidi, S. Hattapoglu, B. Alan; Diyarbakir/TR"
Impact of Buyers' Emotions on Perceived Behavioral Control

This study focuses on how emotions of different types affect perceived behavioral control (PBC), which, by referencing to service marketing and organizational behavior theory, is divided into three aspects: perceived participation (PP), perceived risk (PR), and perceived organizational support (POS) here. To explore how different types of emotions affect these three variables respectively, subjects' emotions are controlled through experiment. Results reveal that the type of emotion has significant influence on the three variable values. Positive emotion parallels the highest PP and POS values, while neutral emotion comes with the lowest PR value.
Social capital and business performance: ethnic enterprises in Canada

The objective of this research was to identify links between social capital and the performance of ethnic businesses. Descriptive analyses, correlation tests and discriminant analyses were conducted on social capital variables compared to an ethnic business performance index, using a sample of 573 entrepreneurs from Chinese, Italian, Indian and Jewish backgrounds. The results point to the existence of a link between business performance and social capital. Analysis was able to predict membership of higher and lower performing businesses from a selection of social capital variables. As an exploratory study, this brings unique results to the ethnic entrepreneurship literature.
RECENT ADVANCES IN MODELING AND SIMULATION OF HIGH-SPEED INTERCONNECTS

The rapid increase in operating speeds, density and complexity of modern integrated circuits has made interconnect analysis a requirement for all state-of-the-art circuit simulators. Interconnect effects such as ringing, signal delay, distortion and crosstalk can severely degrade signal integrity. Interconnections can be from various levels of design hierarch. As the frequency of operations increases, the interconnect lengths become a significant fraction of the operating wavelength, and conventional lumped models become inadequate in describing the interconnect performance and transmission line models become necessary. This chapter describes some of the recent advances in transmission line simulation techniques. Application of mode-order-reduction algorithms to high-speed interconnect analysis is also presented.
School of ACCOUNTING , ECONOMICS AND FINANCE School Working Papers – Series 2004 SWP 2004 / 08 STRUCTURAL EFFECTS AND SPILLOVERS IN HSIF , HSI AND S & P 500 VOLATILITY

We adopt a BEKK-GARCH framework and employ a systematic approach to jointly examine structural breaks in the Hong Kong cash index and index futures volatility and volatility spillovers from the S&P 500 cash and futures. Multiple switching dummy variables are included in the variance equations to test for any structural changes in the autoregressive volatility structure due to the events that have taken place in the Hong Kong market. Abolishment of the up-tick rule, increase of initial margins and electronic trading of the Hang Seng Index Futures are found to have significant impact when U.S. market spillovers are excluded from a restricted model. Volatility spillovers from the US market are found to have a significant impact and account for some mis-specification in the restricted model. * Corresponding author
Effect of Using Black Pepper as Natural Feed Additive on Performance and Carcass Quality of Broiler Chicks

The effect of feeding broiler chicks on diets containing different levels of black pepper as natural feed additive on productive performance, carcass characteristics and economical efficiency were studied. A total of one hundred and sixty, one-day old, unsexed (Hubbard) broiler chicks were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Each group was further subdivided into five replicates at the rate of eight chicks per pen in a complete randomized design. The chicks were fed on two basal diets (starter and finisher). The black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) was added to the basal diets at levels (0.0, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%) resulting in four (A,B,C and D) formulae respectively ,with group A serving as control. The experimental diets were fed for 6-weeks duration. Health of the stock and performance parameters were recorded. Dressing, edible giblet (liver, heart and gizzard), commercial cuts percentages (breast, drumstick and thigh) and economical evaluation were calculated. The result indicated group supplemented with (1%) black pepper had significantly (P 0.05) by the addition of the black pepper on broiler diets. Birds fed on the highest level of black pepper (1%) yielded the highest net profit as compared to other experimental groups.
Public Expenditure and Political Business Cycles inTurkey

According to the theory of ―Political Business Cycles (PBC)‖, politicians prefer to pursue opportunistic policies in order to increase their chance of election. For this reason, they apply expansionary policies before the elections. Hence, they start to do this by increasing public expenditures. There is an increase in the indicators of money parallel to the increase in public expenditures. In this study it is examined that whether there have been appropriate developments in terms of PBC theory during the elections of six congressmen in the period after 1980. In order to determine the effect of PBC ―the traditional opportunistic model‖ from Nordhaus is used to test the PBC effect. ―The opportunistic model‖ from Nordhaus is tested through the autoregressive analysis method which is used by Alesina, Cohen and Roubini (1991,1992) in their studies for the OECD countries and industrial countries. The results obtained as a result of the empirical analysis support the PBC theory.
The regulation of surface-enhanced raman scattering sensitivity of silver nanorods by silicon sections

Vertically aligned silver nanorods were good substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity of nanorods can be regulated through the method that the silver nanorod is divided into four uniform silver sections using five uniform silicon sections. And the length of silicon sections is the key factor in regulating the surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity. In the regulation, the best surface-enhanced Raman scattering performance is about 4 times as large as the worst performance. The study provides an effective way to regulate the surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity of silver nanorods and its possible explanation about mechanism.