Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selexipag, a selective prostacyclin receptor agonist in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a pharmacology review

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension is defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg at rest. Management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) includes specific drug therapy with calcium channel blockers in vasoreactive patients, or drugs approved for PAH in non-reactive patients that target the endothelin, nitric-oxide and prostacyclin pathways. Areas covered: The review covers receptor selectivity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse effects (AEs) of intravenous (IV) epoprostenol (synthetic prostacyclin); the prostacyclin analogs iloprost, beraprost, and treprostinil administered by IV, subcutaneous, inhaled or oral routes; and the oral selective prostacyclin receptor agonist selexipag. Expert commentary: Development of a selective prostacyclin receptor agonist has aimed at identifying compounds with improved pharmacological properties. The high selectivity of selexipag, and its active metabolite ACT-333679, for the prostacyclin receptor, in conjunction with pharmacokinetic properties that reduce peak-trough fluctuations and the up-titration regimen used at the start of treatment, are collectively considered to minimize AEs associated with prostacyclin use. In a large phase 3 study, selexipag-associated AEs were consistent with those observed with drugs that target the prostacyclin pathway, and mainly mild to moderate in severity. The dosing flexibility afforded by oral selexipag may facilitate achieving the maximum therapeutic effect with acceptable tolerability in patients with PAH.
RDF data retrieval in structured format using aggregate function and keyword search in MashQL

Recently, in many business applications web data is used for running business operations. Formatted data on the web is inspired by huge data on the web and necessity of retrieving web data in structured format. Traditional search engines like Yahoo pipes, Google retrieving data using keyword search but its giving ambiguous results and unnecessary data which user does not want. In this paper we refer the method to retrieve the web data in structured format using MashQL approach with the help of SPARQL language which allows user to query, navigate, and mash-up a data source(s) without knowing schema and how the data is stored into the database. Assuming web data as input in RDF format used to represent the metadata of the Web applications in structured manner. We can query by using SPARQL language which is the recent recommendation by the W3C. By using this approach we mentioned how user having less technical knowledge is able to retrieve the data in structured format using drop down operations and interactive methods. We mentioned that how retrieval results will be faster by providing keyword search and then use MashQL approach. We also mentioned an aggregate function (e.g. sum, avg, max etc) in MashQL so user can perform a calculation on a set of values and return a single value.
Morphologische Hornhautveränderungen nach Crosslinking bei Keratokonus

Zusammenfassung Der Keratokonus ist eine relativ häufige (1 : 2000), meist bilateral auftretende Erkrankung, die zu einer Verdünnung, Veränderung der biochemischen und biomechanischen Struktur sowie Vorwölbung der Hornhaut führt. Seit mehr als 10 Jahren steht das Crosslinking als therapeutisches Verfahren für den progredienten Keratokonus zur Verfügung. Dabei wird mittels Riboflavin und UVA-Bestrahlung eine Verfestigung der Quervernetzung der Kollagenfasern in den vorderen 300 µm des Hornhautstromas erreicht. Es ist als wirksam und komplikationsarm beschrieben worden, sofern entsprechende Protokolle und Indikationen eingehalten werden. Diese Übersicht beinhaltet die physiologischen und pathologischen morphologischen Veränderungen der Hornhaut vor und nach Crosslinking bei Keratokonus. Die verfügbare Literatur wird aufgearbeitet und um eigene Beobachtungen und Erfahrungen, basierend auf histopathologischen Untersuchungen, ergänzt.
Intraventricular pilocytic astrocytomas: Radiology, surgical management and outcome in a series of 8 patients.

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntraventricular pilocytic astrocytomas are a rare occurrence, accounting for approximately 4% - 15.6% of all pilocytic astrocytomas. The aim of the study was to describe the radiology, surgical management and outcome in 8 patients with intraventricular pilocytic astrocytoma(ivPA). METHODSBetween January 2010 and August 2015, 8 patients with histopathologically proven ivPA were identified. The radiological images were obtained from PACS. Patient and surgical details were obtained from the computerized discharge summary, OT records and operative notes, whereas follow up was obtained from the record section.RESULTSHeadache with progressive loss of vision was the most common presentation. Duration of symptoms varied from 4 months to 2 years (mean 9.88 months). Except one patient, all patients with preoperative CT scan revealed calcifications in the lesion, with extensive calcification in 3 patients. All the tumors were predominantly hypointense on T1WI and iso to hyperintense on T2WI. Lesion in all patients showed heterogenous contrast enhancement on post gadolinium images. Mean blood loss in the series was 1969 ml (range 250 ml- 4500 ml). There was one death in this series due to meningitis and septic shock. Preoperative diagnosis of ivPA could not be made on the basis of clinical and radiologic profile in any case.CONCLUSIONivPA’s are rare tumors and are difficult to diagnose in the preoperative period based on the radiologic profile alone. These tumors can be extremely vascular with potential for massive blood loss. These tumors can be associated with extensive calcification and the calcified tumors have less bleeding as expected.
The CernVM File System

The CernVM File System ( CernVM-FS ) provides a scalable, reliable and low-maintenance software distribution service. It was developed to assist High Energy Physics (HEP) collaborations to deploy software on the worldwide-distributed computing infrastructure used to run data processing applications. CernVM-FS is implemented as a POSIX read-only file system in user space (a FUSE module). Files and directories are hosted on standard web servers and mounted in the universal namespace /cvmfs . Internally, it uses content-addressable storage and Merkle trees in order to maintain file data and meta-data. CernVM-FS uses outgoing HTTP connections only, thereby it avoids most of the firewall issues of other network file systems. It transfers data and meta-data on demand and verifies data integrity by cryptographic a hash. By means of aggressive caching and reduction of latency, CernVM-FS focuses specifically on the software use case. Software usually comprises many small files that are frequently opened and read as a whole. Furthermore, the software use case includes frequent look-ups for files in multiple directories when search paths are examined. CernVM-FS is actively used by small and large HEP collaborations. In many cases, it replaces package managers and shared software areas on cluster file systems as means to distribute the software used to process experiment data.
Jumbocups in der Revision

Zusammenfassung Extragroße zementfreie hemisphärische Pressfit-Pfannen werden als Jumbocups bezeichnet und wurden insbesondere in der letzten Dekade aufgrund ihrer einfachen Implantationstechnik häufig bei großen knöchernen Defekten eingesetzt. Durch ihre Größe füllen die Komponenten die azetabulären Defekte jedoch nur aus und tragen somit nicht zur Regeneration des knöchernen Lagers bei. Aufgrund dessen sind gerade bei diesem Implantattyp die Langzeitüberlebensraten von großem Interesse. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die zu diesem Thema vorliegende, relevante Literatur und geht auf die Operationstechnik und implantatspezifische Besonderheiten von Jumbocups ein. Jumbocups zeigen ein gutes Langzeitüberleben wobei dennoch die aseptische Lockerung die häufigste Revisionsursache und die Luxation die häufigste Komplikation darstellt. Durch die Entwicklung von alternativen meist modularen Revisionssystemen haben Jumbocups in der täglichen Praxis an Bedeutung verloren. Sie sind aber definitiv eine Benchmark für Neuentwicklungen im Bereich der Hüftendoprothetik.
GLMM_SIM: A SAS ® Macro for Evaluating the Statistical Integrity of General Linear Mixed Models

Accommodating hierarchical or nested data has historically been problematic for researchers. General linear mixed models have the ability to account for nested data overcoming some of the limitations of the more traditional models. These advantages have made mixed modeling an increasingly popular statistical method, but questions still remain regarding the integrity of the model (e.g., power and sample size, the impact of measurement error, and the effect of multicollinearity). Programming was created to address these issues through simulation. This paper presents a SAS simulation program that creates samples of multilevel data and allows specification of sample size, number of regressors, reliability of regressors, and correlation between regressors. The program constructs multilevel models using simulated data as inputs, and outputs the parameter estimates and probabilities obtained from PROC MIXED. The resulting parameter estimates are then evaluated for accuracy. The paper provides a demonstration of SAS/IML, macro programming language, and recent examples of applications in simulation studies.
Quantification of Optical In-Vivo Imaging of Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization and Cell Migration in the Mouse Fundus

Methods: In a mouse model for laser-induced choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), imaging analysis was performed. First, the intensity ratio (mean fluorescent intensity [MFI] in defined laser spot sizes) was introduced to quantify AF. Second, MFI and lesion size for vessel permeability were calculated in FA, and third, OCT scale bars were analysed and adjusted for real retinal thickness in vivo, introducing an OCT conversion factor. Interand intraobserver agreements were calculated using the Bland-Altman method and Spearman correlation analysis.
A neural-net approach to supervised learning of pole balancing

It is shown how artificial neural nets can be used to solve a difficult learning problem. The task is to balance a pole that is hinged to a movable cart by applying either a left or a right force to the cart. The control process consists of developing pattern formations to give the required motor drive control. The latter is implemented with a connectionist net of the Rumelhart semilinear feedforward type. At each instant in time, the values of a training set of the system's state variables are processed into a single pattern which in turn is applied to the input layer of the connectionist net. The response, at the output layer of the net, is used as the control signal for that instant, During the learning period, the system is controlled by a human operator and the neural net learns to mimic human control by backpropagating the human's decisions through the network and updating the synaptic weights. The authors test the approach and conclude that the neural-net embedded rule is more effective in relation to the other methods used, especially in its ability to respond to changing system parameters. <<ETX>>
Commutation de paquets logicielle sur routeurs PC multi-coeurs

Multi-core CPUs, along with recent advances in memory and buses, render commodity hardware a strong candidate for building flexible and high-performance software routers. We present a packet-forwarding architecture for software or virtual routers, whose primary objective is to prevent costly memory accesses while utilizing the available CPU resources for packet processing and forwarding. Departing from the forwardingtree principle which keeps packets on the same cache hierarchy, we identify contention at the output interfaces as the primary performance limitation factor. Subsequently, we investigate potential performance gains by using a locking mechanism and feedback from queues. Finally, we propose and evaluate a modification to the forwarding trees which alleviates contention as output interfaces are not directly shared by trees. MOTS-CLES : Routeurs, Multi-coeurs,PC, Performances
Evaluation of Feeding Efficiency and Spillage in Preterm Infants during Bottle and Cup Feeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The mortality among preterm infants in developed countries has decreased dramatically in the last decade. The survival of very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants has increased from 50% [1] to over 85% [2]. The atypical early experience of VLBW infants affects their development and modifies their behavior. Establishing breastfeeding in preterm infants (<37 weeks gestation), especially those in the VLBW category, presents logistical issues for families and for the health-care staff, including identifying an appropriate enteral feeding method when the mother is not available to breastfeed. Bottle feeding is the most common supplementation to breastfeeding in nurseries, followed by cup feeding [3].
Netzhautablösung im Kindesalter

Zusammenfassung Eine Ablatio retinae tritt im Kindesalter im Vergleich zum Erwachsenenalter relativ selten auf, nur 3 bis 7% aller Netzhautablösungen werden bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter bis zu 18 Jahren diagnostiziert. Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten einer Ablatio retinae im Kindesalter sind ein Trauma, eine Myopie, hereditäre Vitreoretinopathien, Malformationen und Morbus Coats. Am häufigsten treten in dieser Altersgruppe traumaassoziierte Netzhautablösungen auf, Vitreoretinopathien sind die häufigste Ursache für eine erblich bedingte kindliche Ablatio. Es werden die krankheitsspezifischen chirurgischen Behandlungskonzepte diskutiert. Bei klarer Linse sollte immer geprüft werden, inwieweit eine episklerale Buckelchirurgie durchgeführt werden kann, insbesondere bei einer Oradialyse und bei genau definierter Lochsituation in der Netzhautperipherie. Eine primäre Vitrektomie ist vorrangig bei Vitreoretinopathien erforderlich. Der Einsatz von Anti-VEGF-Inhibitoren ist zur Behandlung vasoproliferativer Erkrankungen geeignet, allerdings benötigen wir noch weitere Informationen über mögliche Nebenwirkungen bei Kindern. Insgesamt sind die funktionellen und anatomischen Behandlungsergebnisse bei Kindern oftmals schlechter als vergleichbare Resultate bei Erwachsenen. Weitere chirurgische Innovationen und ätiologiespezifische Therapiekonzepte sind erforderlich, um die Ergebnisse in dieser Patientengruppe zu verbessern.
Chirurgische Therapieoptionen bei terminaler Herzinsuffizienz

Despite significant improvements in pharmacological therapy heart failure is still one of the leading causes for death in the Western World. The gold standard treatment of end-stage heart failure remains cardiac transplantation, but there is a great excess of eligible candidates compared with the low number of suitable donor organs. The variety of surgical organ preserving treatment strategies has significantly increased during the last 20 years, intenting either to delay or even to prevent the need for cardiac transplantation. An individually tailored surgical concept should be considered as an alternative in any heart failure patient who has reached the limits of pharmacologic therapy. This article gives an overview about current and potential future therapeutic options in end-stage heart failure.
Prevalencia y factores asociados a macrosomía en Perú, 2013

Objectives. To determine the prevalence of macrosomia and factors associated with it in Peru and to describe the occurrence of complications peri- and postpartum. Materials and Methods. Birth weights of children under the age of 5 years were analyzed using data from the 2013 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) carried out by the Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informatica. Children with a birth weight higher than 4000 g were considered macrosomic. A logistic regression analysis was used to establish the independent association of sociodemographic factors with macrosomia. Results. The sample comprised 6121 children. The prevalence of macrosomia was 5.3% (95% interval confidence: 4.8-5.9%). Being male, a higher birth order, maternal obesity, and greater maternal height were independently linked with macrosomia. Caesarean births were more common in macrosomic children than unaffected ones (43.9% vs 26.9%). Complications during birth and postpartum were common but not statistically linked with macrosomia. Conclusions. The prevalence of macrosomia in Peru is relatively low compared to other low-to-middle income countries. The factors associated with macrosomia were mainly unmodifiable, with the exception of maternal obesity. Macrosomic children were more frequently born by caesarean. Weight reduction and the prevention of obesity in women of childbearing age in Peru could potentially reduce macrosomia and caesarean rates.
Software Fault Prediction at Design Phase

Prediction of fault-prone modules continues to attract researcher’s interest due to its significant impact on software development cost. The most important goal of such techniques is to correctly identify the modules where faults are most likely to present in early phases of software development lifecycle. Various software metrics related to modules level fault data have been successfully used for prediction of fault-prone modules. Goal of this research is to predict the faulty modules at design phase using design metrics of modules and faults related to modules. We have analyzed the effect of pre-processing and different machine learning schemes on eleven projects from NASA Metrics Data Program which offers design metrics and its related faults. Using seven machine learning and four preprocessing techniques we confirmed that models built from design metrics are surprisingly good at fault proneness prediction. The result shows that we should choose Naive Bayes or Voting feature intervals with discretization for different data sets as they outperformed out of 28 schemes. Naive Bayes and Voting feature intervals has performed AUC > 0.7 on average of eleven projects. Our proposed framework is effective and can predict an acceptable level of fault at design phases.
Real‐Time Precision Vehicle Localization Using Numerical Maps

Autonomous vehicle technology based on information technology and software will lead the automotive industry in the near future. Vehicle localization technology is a core expertise geared toward developing autonomous vehicles and will provide location information for control and decision. This paper proposes an effective vision‐based localization technology to be applied to autonomous vehicles. In particular, the proposed technology makes use of numerical maps that are widely used in the field of geographic information systems and that have already been built in advance. Optimum vehicle ego‐motion estimation and road marking feature extraction techniques are adopted and then combined by an extended Kalman filter and particle filter to make up the localization technology. The implementation results of this paper show remarkable results; namely, an 18 ms mean processing time and 10 cm location error. In addition, autonomous driving and parking are successfully completed with an unmanned vehicle within a 300m×500m space.
Classification of positron emission tomography images using multiple kernel learning

Over the last years, several approaches to analyze nuclear medicine imaging using computer systems have been proposed with the aim of assisting the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders. Probably one of the most complex challenges facing these approaches is to deal with the huge amount of data provided by brain images. In this work, we propose an original approach based on multiple kernel learning. First the images were parcellated (according to the structure of the brain) by means of the automatic anatomical labeling atlas. Then, the importance of each region for the assisted diagnosis was estimated using a classification procedure. Finally, all the regions were combined in a multiple kernel method in which one kernel per region was computed and all the kernels were weighted according to the importance of the region they represented. For testing purposes, a database with 46 PET images from stable mild cognitive impairment subjects and early Alzheimer’s disease converter patients was used. An accuracy rate of 73.91% was achieved when differentiating between both groups.
“Small-for-flow” liver failure after extended hepatectomy: a call for update

Emond et al. [1] first described, in 1996 [1], a new syndrome occurring in small grafts in transplantation field, named Small for Size Syndrome. After surgery, patients with a small grafts were affected by unpredictable elevation of bilirubin (not linked with surgical procedures), coagulopathy, prolonged cholestasis, portal hypertension and, if severe, ascites. The continuing liver dysfunction predisposes to further complications, including sepsis and gastrointestinal bleedings, leading to a clear liver failure. In the meantime, in liver resection field, the same syndrome was noticed after major hepatectomy (>3 segments resected), and it was named Post-Hepatectomy Liver Failure. With improvement of knowledge, nowadays we know that SFSS and PHLF are two side of the same coin. Different strategies, more in transplantation context, have been described to prevent and to treat the syndrome, but lack of data regarding the resection context is still a matter. In fact, where in transplant, pathophysiological studies and randomized clinical trial have been published to evaluate the etiology and the efficacy of procedures proposed, in resection field we are just translate transplantation experience, without a whole consensus between physician on how to predict, to diagnose, and to treat this post-hepatectomy liver failure. Diagnostic criteria, treatments, and pathophysiology are still unclear, with different opinion between physicians, and also disaccording if small for size and post-hepatectomy liver failures are really the same. Our opinion a part, we think it’s time to start to analyze in deep this syndrome that account for more than 60% of death after major liver resections [2].
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Examining the Effectiveness of Mobile Health Technologies in Using Self-Monitoring for Pediatric Weight Management.

BACKGROUND Pediatric obesity is a public health concern related to multiple negative physical and psychosocial problems. While behavioral weight control (BWC) interventions are generally effective in decreasing pediatric weight status, these interventions are not able to reach the third of U.S. children currently classified as overweight or obese. METHOD This review and meta-analysis examined the overall effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) technologies employing self-monitoring, a central component of change within BWC, to decrease pediatric weight status. RESULTS Overall, a small, but significant overall effect size (d = 0.42) was found with the inclusion of nine eligible studies examining the effect on weight status. However, the quality of studies included within this weight status meta-analysis was weak, therefore limiting the interpretability of results. Analyses were also conducted examining the effect of mHealth technologies employing self-monitoring on secondary behavioral outcomes of physical activity and diet. Results indicated a small to medium, but nonsignificant effect (d = 0.41; four samples) on physical activity and a small, but significant effect on diet (d = 0.10; eight samples). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the articles included in behavioral outcomes were of generally moderate quality. More work is needed to better identify the utility of mHealth and specific treatment components (such as self-monitoring), for pediatric weight management.