Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Tone in Obese Fat Resolvin D1 and Resolvin D2 Govern Local

The unprecedented increase in the prevalence ofobesity and obesity-relateddisorders is causally linked to a chronic state of low-grade inﬂammation in adipose tissue. Timely resolution of inﬂammation and return of this tissue to homeostasis are key to reducing obesity-induced metabolic dysfunctions. In this study, with inﬂamed adipose, we investigated the biosynthesis, conversion, and actions of Resolvins D1 (RvD1, 7 S ,8 R ,17 S -trihydroxy-4 Z ,9 E ,11 E ,13 Z ,15 E ,19 Z -docosahexaenoic acid) and D2 (RvD2, 7 S ,16 R ,17 S -trihy-droxy-4 Z ,8 E ,10 Z ,12 E ,14 E ,19 Z -docosahexaenoic acid), potent anti-inﬂammatory and proresolving lipid mediators (LMs), and their ability to regulate monocyte interactions with adipocytes. Lipid mediator-metabololipidomics identiﬁed RvD1 and RvD2 from endogenous sources in human and mouse adipose tissues. We also identiﬁed proresolving receptors (i.e., ALX/FPR2, ChemR23, and GPR32) in these tissues. Compared with lean tissue, obese adipose showed a deﬁcit of these endogenous anti-inﬂammatory signals. With inﬂamed obese adipose tissue, RvD1 and RvD2 each rescued impaired expression and secretion of adiponectin in a time- and concentration-dependent manner as well as decreasing proinﬂammatory adipokine production including leptin, TNF- a , IL-6, and IL-1 b . RvD1 and RvD2 each reduced MCP-1 and leukotriene B 4 -stimulated monocyte adhesion to adipocytes and their transadipose migration. Adipose tissue rapidly converted both resolvins (Rvs) to novel oxo-Rvs. RvD2 was enzymatically converted to 7-oxo-RvD2 as its major metabolic route that retained adipose-directed RvD2 actions. These results indicate, in adipose, D-series Rvs (RvD1 and RvD2) are potent proresolving mediators that counteract both local adipokine production and monocyte accumulation in obesity-induced adipose inﬂammation. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 189: 000–000.
Capturing Interdisciplinarity in Academic Abstracts

In this work we investigate the effectiveness of different text mining methods for the task of automated identification of interdisciplinary doctoral dissertations, considering solely the content of their abstracts. In contrast to previous attempts, we frame the interdisciplinarity detection as a two step classification process: we first predict the main discipline of the dissertation using a supervised multi-class classifier and then exploit the distribution of prediction confidences of the first classifier as input for the binary classification of interdisciplinarity. For both supervised classification models we experiment with several different sets of features ranging from standard lexical features such as TF-IDF weighted vectors over topic modelling distributions to latent semantic textual representations known as word embeddings. In contrast to previous findings, our experimental results suggest that interdisciplinarity is better detected when directly using textual features than when inferring from the results of main discipline classification.
Canine Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors: Immunohistochemical Analysis of Hormone Content and Amyloid

Thirty-one primary canine pancreatic endocrine tumors and their metastases were studied histologically and immunohistochemically for the presence of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), gastrin, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Tumors were also evaluated for the presence of amyloid. The cytoarchitectural pattern of 25 of 31 primary tumors was predominantly solid, whereas three tumors were mostly glandular, two were unclassified, and one had a gyriform pattern. Cells with insulin immunoreactivity were found in 30 of 31 tumors and were found in all cases in which there was clinical evidence of inappropriate insulin secretion. Insulin was the only hormone demonstrable in three of the 30 tumors, but cells immunoreactive for other hormones were also present in various combinations in most tumors [i.e., glucagon (13 of 30), somatostatin (17 of 30), PP (25 of 30), and gastrin (2 of 30)]. One tumor contained only cells with glucagon and PP immunoreactivity. Amyloid was found in ten of 31 primary tumors but was not detected in metastases. Cells with insulin immunoreactivity were the only cell type consistently present in tumors containing amyloid. Amyloid deposits did not immunoreact with any of the antisera. Seventeen of 31 dogs had metastasis of the pancreatic endocrine tumor to regional lymph nodes, liver, or both. All metastases available for study (15 of 17) contained cells with insulin immunoreactivity and some contained cells with PP or somatostatin immunoreactivity. No statistically significant (P > 0.05) differences in tendency to metastasize were found when pancreatic endocrine tumors were compared by region of origin, cytoarchitectural pattern, presence of amyloid, or by number of hormones contained within the tumor.
Comparison of lifetimes of coherent systems using a stochastic ordering criterion

Finding an optimal way to compare the systems of different orders and to order them according to their lives, which are random in nature, is a problem of great concern to the reliability engineers. A direct method of comparing system lives or an indirect method using dominance of the signature vectors of the systems are often used. But these methods have their own limitations. In particular, it has been observed that these methods work under a restrictive setup and for a group of simple systems only. The problem becomes complicated for large and complex systems. In this paper a technique based on stochastic ordering has been proposed to resolve the issue. The method discussed here works under a more general and less restrictive framework. It has been shown to work well for different coherent systems with different component life distributions. Simulation studies have been done to prove the worthiness of the proposed method.
Performance Evaluation of CI Based Routing Protocols for WSNs

Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have led to new paradigm for protocol design especially for sensor networks where energy awareness is an essential component. Most of the research, however, has been focused on to the development of routing protocols since they might differ depending on the application area and network architecture. Computational Intelligence (CI) based optimization techniques paved the way for energy efficient routing for WSNs. In this paper, we evaluated and analyse the performance of CI based routing protocols with classical LEACH protocol. Our simulation results shows that CI based routing protocol perform better in terms of energy consumption thus increasing network life over classical protocol.
Stabilisation for switched linear systems with time-varying delay and input saturation

This article investigates the stabilisation problems for continuous-time and discrete-time switched systems with time-varying delay and saturated control input. Based on dwell time switching signals and multiple Lyapunov functional method, stabilisation conditions are well obtained in the context of linear matrix inequalities. To estimate attractive regions as large as possible, the feasibility problems are translated into optimisation problems. In addition, the corresponding results are presented for linear time-delay systems and switched delay-free systems, which improve and supplement some existing ones in the literature. Finally, numerical examples and simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness and values of the proposed results.
The structure of deoxy- and oxy-leghaemoglobin from lupin.

The leghaemoglobins have oxygen affinities 11 to 24 times higher than that of sperm whale myoglobin, due mainly to higher rates of association. To find out why, we have determined the structures of deoxy- and oxy-leghaemoglobin II of the lupin at 1.7 A resolution. Results confirm the general features found in previous X-ray analyses of this protein. The unique feature that has now emerged is the rotational freedom of the proximal histidine. In deoxy-leghaemoglobin the imidazole oscillates between two alternative orientations, eclipsing either the lines N1-N3 or N2-N4 of the porphyrin; in oxy-leghaemoglobin it is fixed in a staggered orientation. The iron atom moves from a position 0.30 A from the plane of the pyrrole nitrogen atoms in deoxy- to a position in the plane in oxy-leghaemoglobin while the Fe- bond distance remains constant at 2.02 A. The Fe-O-O angle is 152 degrees, as in human haemoglobin. The oxygen is hydrogen-bonded to the distal histidine at N epsilon 2-O1 and N epsilon 2-O2 distance of 2.95 A and 2.68 A, respectively. The porphyrin is ruffled equally in deoxy- and oxy-leghaemoglobins, due to rotations of the pyrrols about the N-Fe-N bonds, causing the methine bridges to deviate by up to 0.32 A from the mean porphyrin plane. The only feature capable of accounting for the high on-rate of the reaction with oxygen are the mobilities of the proximal histidine and distal histidine residues in deoxy-leghaemoglobin. The eclipsed positions of the proximal histidine in deoxy-leghaemoglobin maximize steric hindrance with the porphyrin nitrogen atoms and minimize pi-->p electron donation, while its staggered position in oxy-leghaemoglobin reverses both these effects. Together with the oscillation of the imidazole between the two orientations, these two factors may reduce the activation energy for the reaction of leghaemoglobin with oxygen. The distal histidine is in a fixed position in the haem pocket in the crystal, but must be swinging in and out of the pocket at a high rate in solution to allow the oxygen to enter.
Trend and determinants of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Ghana

The study examined the trend in contraceptive use among sexually active women of reproductive age in Ghana. The study also investigated the socioeconomic determinants of contraceptive use. Cross tabulations and logistic regression analyses were performed on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys 1988 - 2008. The results indicate low contraceptive use among women with marked variation in contraceptive use across various socioeconomic groups and administrative regions. Evidence from the logistic regressions suggests that improving education and reducing poverty are critical in improving contraceptive use and reducing unmet need for family planning. Child survival, access to family planning services and knowledge of contraceptive methods were also found to be significant determinants of contraceptive use. The importance of improving financial and infrastructural access to contraceptives was confirmed by the findings of the study.
Glycosaminoglycans ( GAGs) and the Fas-Fas ligand system in the bovine oviduct

Fundamental reproductive events such as sperm storage and capacitation, fertilization, and early embryo development occur in the oviduct (tuba uterina), processes in which glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their binding proteins are involved. An intriguing feature of the oviduct is the suppression of the rejection of parentally derived foreign proteins by the female, which, in some other organs relates to the presence of a Fas-Fas ligand (Fas-FasL) system. The aim of this thesis was to study the intra-luminal milieu of the bovine oviduct, (i) its contents of GAGs in the epithelium and oviductal fluid, (ODF), involving the non-sulphated hyaluronan (HA), its binding proteins, including the HA receptor CD44, and sulphated GAGs (S-GAGs), also in the form of proteoglycans, during well-defined stages of the oestrous cycle and specific anatomical regions; (ii) the capacitation status of bull spermatozoa submitted to incubation with ODF, GAGs, and bicarbonate and, (iii) the presence of Fas and FasL in the tube. The results revealed that HA and its receptor CD44 were abundant in the epithelium of the sperm reservoir (SR) independently of the oestrous cycle stage or pregnant status. The ODF contained HA and S-GAGs during all stages of the oestrous cycle. The ODF concentration of S-GAGs in the ampulla was significantly higher than in the isthmus. There was also a significantly higher concentration of S-GAGs in the oviduct ipsilateral to ovulation. Both ODF and bicarbonate elicited bull sperm capacitation in vitro. The capacitation response to the GAGs was weaker than that to ODF or bicarbonate. Hyaluronan and dermatan sulphate were the only GAGs that significantly enhanced capacitation. Fas and FasL were detected in the tubal epithelium, and FasL in the ODF. The localization of HA and CD44 to the epithelium of the bovine oviductal SR suggests their involvement in sperm preservation during pre-ovulatory tubal storage. Although GAGs in ODF may contribute to sperm capacitation, there may be more factors in ODF modulating the process, such as bicarbonate. The presence of Fas and FasL in the bovine oviduct may lay the basis for the immune privileged status of this organ and mediate survival of spermatozoa and early embryos.
RETROGRADE PROTEUS PYELONEPHRITIS IN RATS BACTERIOLOGIC, PATHOLOGIC AND FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY STUDIES

possible, however, when the antiserum was applied for 2 hours and the fluor for only 5 to i0 minutes. Direct application of the fluor in contiguous sections for 5 to io minutes resulted in adequately bright staining. This experience is similar to that of Wood and White.14 Treatment of sections with heterologous serums for equal periods of time followed by application of the fluor did not inhibit the specific staining.Microscopy and Photography. A GFL Zeiss microscope or a Zeiss photomicroscope equipped with an Osram HBO 200 mercury lamp as the ultraviolet light source was used. The combinations of filters most frequently employed were: exciter filters UG2, UG5, BGI2; barrier filters 4IO, 440, 470 with or without 65o. For photography, high speed super Ektachrome type B film was used. Black and white prints were then made from the color transparencies.
Lack of Time for Physical Activity: Perception or Reality for African American and Hispanic Women?

ABSTRACT Lack of time is a well-known barrier to physical activity. It is not known, however, whether this barrier reflects actual time commitments. This study examined time commitments of women and assessed the relationship between time commitments and perceived lack of time for physical activity. Participants were 249 African American and Hispanic women, aged 45 to 70 years. These women devoted much of their time to their responsibilities as workers, housekeepers, mothers and wives. They also spent 28 hours per week in sedentary leisure-time activity. Actual time commitments did not predict perceived lack of time for physical activity. These findings can be used to address the mis-perceptions of women about time available to them for physical activity.
Requirement Reliability Metrics for Risk Assessment

There are a number of criteria for measurement of quality. Two of the most important of these are Validity and Reliability [1]. Software Reliability is not as well defined as Hardware reliability, but now Software Engineers are working to promote the concept of Reliability in software products. This paper presents the requirement reliability metrics for risk assessment. These metrics could help to quantify requirements using quality attributes impacting on reliability that help to analyze possible risk in software.
Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Fibromyalgia

ObjectiveLittle is known of the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The authors therefore carried out a systematic review from 1980 to May 2000 of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of nonpharmacological interventions for FMS. MethodA search of computerized databases was supplemented by hand searching of bibliographies of key publications. The methodological quality of studies included in the review was evaluated independently by two researchers according to a set of formal criteria. Discrepancies in scoring were resolved through discussion. ResultsThe review yielded 25 RCTs, and the main categories of interventions tested in the studies were exercise therapy, educational intervention, relaxation therapy, cognitive–behavioral therapy, acupuncture, and forms of hydrotherapy. Methodological quality of studies was fairly low (mean score = 49.5/100). Most studies had small samples (median n for individual treatment groups after randomization = 20), and the mean power of the studies to detect a medium effect (d ≥ 0.5) was 0.36. Sixteen studies had blinded outcome assessment, but patients were blinded in only 6 studies. The median longest follow-up was 16 weeks. Statistically significant between-group differences on at least one outcome variable were reported in 17 of the 24 studies. ConclusionsThe varying combinations of interventions studied in the RCTs and the wide range of outcome measures used make it hard to form conclusions across studies. Strong evidence did not emerge in respect to any single intervention, though preliminary support of moderate strength existed for aerobic exercise. There is a need for larger, more methodologically rigorous RCTs in this area.
An automatic and proactive identity theft detection model in MMORPGs

Identity theft happens frequently, especially in popular multiplayer games where cyber- assets can be monetized. In this work, we propose an automatic and proactive identity theft detection model in online games. We specify the identity theft process into exploration, monetization, and theft and pose identity theft detection as a multi-class classification problem. We propose an automatic and proactive detection model utilizing rich features, along with appropriate problem-specific domain knowledge regarding the unique properties of identity theft. The proposed model based on process specification and automatic learning will reduce financial losses to game users and game companies through early detection.
Automatic 3d Building Reconstruction from a Dense Image Matching Dataset

Abstract. Over the last 20 years the demand for three dimensional (3D) building models has resulted in a vast amount of research being conducted in attempts to automate the extraction and reconstruction of models from airborne sensors. Recent results have shown that current methods tend to favour planar fitting procedures from lidar data, which are able to successfully reconstruct simple roof structures automatically but fail to reconstruct more complex structures or roofs with small artefacts. Current methods have also not fully explored the potential of recent developments in digital photogrammetry. Large format digital aerial cameras can now capture imagery with increased overlap and a higher spatial resolution, increasing the number of pixel correspondences between images. Every pixel in each stereo pair can also now be matched using per-pixel algorithms, which has given rise to the approach known as dense image matching. This paper presents an approach to 3D building reconstruction to try and overcome some of the limitations of planar fitting procedures. Roof vertices, extracted from true-orthophotos using edge detection, are refined and converted to roof corner points. By determining the connection between extracted corner points, a roof plane can be defined as a closed-cycle of points. Presented results demonstrate the potential of this method for the reconstruction of complex 3D building models at CityGML LoD2 specification.
Locally constrained dynamic programming in automatic speech recognition

Recent years have seen the emergence of dynamic programming as one of the most important tools available for overcoming temporal variability problems in automatic speech recognition. Considerable research effort has been devoted to the investigation of different dynamic programming algorithms, yet most work has been concerned with global, rather than local, constraints upon temporal variation. Clearly the likelihood of timescale distortion is not constant for the entire duration of an utterance; variability must be, at least to some extent, data dependent. It is therefore desirable that information to this effect should be made available to the dynamic time warping process. This paper describes a technique for obtaining an estimate of local timescale variability based on a bi-directional dynamic programming algorithm and basic fuzzy set theory. Results are presented which indicate that this technique will lead to improved discrimination, especially if the differences between classes are mainly due to temporal structure.
Stimulation of thromboxane release from primary cell cultures derived from human astrocytic glioma biopsies

Stimulation of primary cultures of rat astrocytes with appropriate agents results in the mobilization of arachidonic acid from intracellular lipid pools and the synthesis of eicosanoids. Thromboxane A2 is one of the major prostanoids released upon stimulation with calcium ionophore, phorbol esters, and ATP; but a number of other predicted effectors are inactive. In an attempt to understand the pathophysiological significance of eicosanoid release from astrocytes, primary cultures have been derived from human astrocytic glioma biopsies. The majority of cells in the cultures expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), frequently in conjunction with vimentin and fibronectin. Cell sorting revealed that a significant proportion of cells in the cultures from the high‐grade (malignant) tumors expressed epidermal growth factor receptor, indicative of neoplastic cells. Both effective and ineffective agents in rat cultures were tested for their ability to stimulate release of thromboxane from these gliomas, and also from cultures of medulloblastoma and ependymoma which contained significant numbers of GFAP‐positive cells. Only cells from the high‐grade tumors released thromboxane in response to the known effective stimuli. While the muscarinic agonist carbachol was ineffective, norepinephrine evoked thromboxane release from malignant astrocytomas. These data show that cells derived from malignant human gliomas retain the ability to release thromboxane upon stimulation and suggest that a transformation in receptor coupling might accompany neoplasia, such that the cells now respond to a previously ineffective agonist.
[Folic acid supplementation and colorrectal adenoma recurrence: systematic review].

BACKGROUND Observational studies show that folate levels may be associated with the development of adenomas and colorectal cancer, suggesting that folic acid supplementation may have a preventive effect. AIM Systematic review of scientific evidence from randomized placebo-controlled clinical studies to identify the effects of folic acid supplementation on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medline via Pubmed systematic review of randomized clinical trials, double-blind and placebo-controlled and references, specifically to evaluate the effect of acid supplementation on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. RESULTS Seven randomized clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected and evaluated for analysis based on pre established criteria. CONCLUSIONS The selected studies do not support that folic acid supplementation is beneficial in recurrence of colorectal adenomas. We observed in some studies differences in risk by type of folate suggesting to review the criteria and levels of supplementation in some population subgroups with higher risks.