Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for quantitative analysis of intracoronary optical coherence tomography: High inter‐observer agreement with computer‐assisted contour detection

Objective: This study aims to examine observer‐related variability of quantitative optical coherence tomography (OCT) derived measurements from both in vitro and in vivo pullback data. Background: Intravascular OCT is a new imaging modality using infrared light and offering 10 times higher image resolution (15 μm) compared to intravascular ultrasound. The quantitative analysis of in vivo intracoronary OCT imaging is complicated by the presence of blood, motion artifacts and the large quantity of information that has to be processed. Methods: We developed a standardized, automated quantification process for intracoronary OCT pullback data with inter‐observer variability assessed both in vitro by using postmortem human coronary arteries and in vivo by studying simple and complex coronary pathology and outcomes following stent implantation. The consensus between measurements by two observers was analyzed using the intraclass and interclass correlation coefficient and the reliability coefficients. Bland–Altman plots were generated to assess the relationship between variability and absolute measurements. Results: In vitro OCT assessment was performed in nine postmortem coronary arteries. The time needed for semiautomated contour detection of a 15‐mm long coronary segment was ∼40 min. The absolute and relative difference between lumen area measurements derived from two observers was low [0.02 ± 0.10 mm2; (0.3 ± 0.5)% respectively] with excellent correlation confirmed by linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.99; P < 0.001). Similarly, in vivo measurements demonstrated a high correlation with the main source of inter‐observer variation occurring as a result of coronary dissection and motion artifact. The absolute and relative difference between measurements were 0.11 ± 0.33 mm2 (1.57 ± 0.05)% for lumen area (R2 = 0.98; P < 0.001), 0.17 ± 0.68 mm2 (1.44 ± 0.08)% for stent area (R2 = 0.94; P < 0.001), and 0.26 ± 0.72 mm2 (14.08 ± 0.37)% for neointimal area (R2 = 0.78; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Highly accurate computer‐assisted quantitative analysis ofintracoronary OCT pullbacks is feasible with low inter‐observer variability. The presented approach allows for observer independent analysis of detailed vessel structures, and may be a valuable tool for future longitudinal studies incorporating OCT. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Algorithm for Real-Time Eye-Movement Tracking with Free Head Movement

A fast algorithm for real-time eye-movement tracking with free head movement based using image subtraction was proposed in this study. for this purpose four reference points consisted of infra-red LEDs were used to compensate the subject's head movement and a fast gazing point detection algorithm was developed and applied to determine the subject's gazing point by comparing the relative distance and angle between the center points of the pupil area. the size of input image was scaled down to 1/16 to detect the eye and its neighbor area quickly and the theorem for a circumcenter of a triangle was applied to detect the center of the pupil
Aquatic Living Resources Viruses infecting bivalve molluscs

Bivalve molluscs are filter feeders and as a consequence they may bioaccumulate in their tissues viruses that infect humans and higher vertebrates. However, there have also been described mortalities of bivalve molluscs associated with viruses belonging to different families. Mass mortalities of adult Portuguese oysters, Crassostrea angulata, among French livestocks (between 1967 and 1973) were associated with irido-like virus infections. Herpesviruses were reported in the eastern oyster, Pacific oyster and European flat oyster and lately in scallops and clams. Disseminated neoplasia, a proliferative cell disorder of the circulatory system of bivalves, although of uncertain aetiology, has been suggested to be caused by retroviral infections. Other viruses described in bivalves are interpreted as members of the Papovaviridae, Togaviridae, Reoviridae, Birnaviridae and Picornaviridae. However, the lack of bivalve cell lines renders difficult virus isolation from molluscs although some viruses can be isolated in fish cell lines.
A study of growth parameters and prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children from delhi.

OBJECTIVE (1) To assess the height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of school children from Delhi and generate percentile charts as appropriate for age, gender and socio-economic status. (2) To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children from low and upper socioeconomic status (LSES and USES respectively). DESIGN Cross sectional evaluation of anthropometric parameters in Delhi school children (5-18 years) from different geographical zones. SETTING Government schools (non-fee paying) and Private Schools (fee paying) in Delhi. SUBJECTS 21485 children, 8840 (3566 boys, 5274 girls) from government schools and 12645 (6197 boys, 6448 girls) from private schools. METHODS Subjects underwent assessment of height and weight and calculation of BMI. Children were classified as normal, overweight and obese as per IOTF guidelines. Height, weight and BMI percentile charts specific for the socioeconomic status were generated using the LMS method. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was assessed and compared between the two socio-economic groups. RESULTS A significant difference was noted in height, weight and BMI between LSES and USES. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in USES children was 16.75 % and 5.59 % in boys and 19.01 % and 5.03 % in girls respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant disparity in anthropometric parameters between children from USES and LSES, with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in USES children.
An Educational Coding Laboratory for Elementary Pre-service Teachers: A Qualitative Approach

The present study involved 64 pre-service teachers in a first experience of coding with the software Scratch, foreseeing its qualitative evaluation. In particular, the procedure in the laboratorial setting was designed as follows: firstly, subjects attended theoretical lessons on the use of the software, ideated and implemented an educational app. Afterwards, subjects wrote a report on the negative and positive aspects of their laboratorial experience. The analysis of results show that pre-service teachers appreciated the collaborative work, the freedom to code an app following their own interests, and the use of an engaging software. A constant concern regarding teachers’ self-efficacy as future mentors was present. Further quantitative studies are necessary.
Compressive sensing signal reconstruction based on stagewise gradient pursuit

This paper mainly studied the algorithm for compressive sensing signal reconstruction, aiming to reduce the time of reconstruction algorithm. By analyzing the characteristics of the commonly used of orthogonal matching pursuit, we choosed two key steps of it to improve. Using stagewise algorithm in the process of atomic selection, while using gradient pursuit algorithm in the process of projecting the allowance to the subspace, to achieve a reconstruction algorithm, which based on stagewise gradient pursuit. The simulation results show that, compared with basic algorithm based on the orthogonal matching pursuit, the proposed algorithm has obvious reduction in time of reconstruction.
Three Principles to REVISE People’s Unethical Behavior

Dishonesty and unethical behavior are widespread in the public and private sectors and cause immense annual losses. For instance, estimates of U.S. annual losses indicate $1 trillion paid in bribes, $270 billion lost due to unreported income, and $42 billion lost in retail due to shoplifting and employee theft. In this article, we draw on insights from the growing fields of moral psychology and behavioral ethics to present a three-principle framework we call REVISE. This framework classifies forces that affect dishonesty into three main categories and then redirects those forces to encourage moral behavior. The first principle, reminding, emphasizes the effectiveness of subtle cues that increase the salience of morality and decrease people’s ability to justify dishonesty. The second principle, visibility, aims to restrict anonymity, prompt peer monitoring, and elicit responsible norms. The third principle, self-engagement, increases people’s motivation to maintain a positive self-perception as a moral person and helps bridge the gap between moral values and actual behavior. The REVISE framework can guide the design of policy interventions to defeat dishonesty.
Brand Actions on Social Media: Direct Effects on Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) and Moderating Effects of Brand Loyalty and Social Media Usage Intensity

ABSTRACT Most existing social media research has been user focused. This study looks at social media from the brand's perspective by testing (1) theoretical links between brand-action antecedents and positive electronic word of mouth (eWOM); and (2) how brand loyalty and social media usage intensity moderate the relationships between the antecedents and eWOM. Using structural equational modelling from 290 Facebook users, we find empirical support for three brand action constructs (personalization, responsiveness, and transparency) to eWOM. We also find the moderating effects of social media usage intensity and brand loyalty on the relationship between responsiveness and eWOM. Theoretical and managerial implications for these findings are discussed.
Non-iterative normalized feature extraction in large viewpoint variances based on PCA of gradient

Effective local feature extraction is one of the fundamental tools for retrieval applications in computer vision. However, it is difficult to achieve distinguishable local features in large viewpoint variances. In this paper, we propose a novel non-iterative approach of normalized feature extraction in large viewpoint variances, which adapts local regions to rotation, scale variance and rigid distortion from affine transformation. Our approach is based on two key ideas: 1) Localization and scale selection can be directly achieved with the centroid and covariance matrix of the spatial distribution of pixels in a local region. 2) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on gradients of intensity gives information on texture, thus it can be used to get a resampled region which is isotropic in terms of variance of gradient. Experiments demonstrate that our normalized approach has significant improvement on matching score in large viewpoint variances.
Brainstem pathology in DYT1 primary torsion dystonia

DYT1 dystonia is a severe form of young‐onset dystonia caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes for the protein torsinA, which is thought to play a role in protein transport and degradation. We describe, for the first time to our knowledge, perinuclear inclusion bodies in the midbrain reticular formation and periaqueductal gray in four clinically documented and genetically confirmed DYT1 patients but not in controls. The inclusions were located within cholinergic and other neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus, cuneiform nucleus, and griseum centrale mesencephali and stained positively for ubiquitin, torsinA, and the nuclear envelope protein lamin A/C. No evidence of inclusion body formation was detected in the substantia nigra pars compacta, striatum, hippocampus, or selected regions of the cerebral cortex. We also noted tau/ubiquitin‐immunoreactive aggregates in pigmented neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus in all four DYT1 dystonia cases, but not in controls. This study supports the notion that DYT1 dystonia is associated with impaired protein handling and the nuclear envelope. The role of the pedunculopontine and cuneiform nuclei, and related brainstem other involved brainstem structures in mediating motor activity and muscle tone also suggest that alterations in these structures, in mediating motor activity and controlling muscle tone suggests that alterations in these structures could underlie the pathophysiology of DYT1 dystonia. Ann Neurol 2004
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Burnout and job engagement in dentistry te Brake

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Does size matter? Kidney transplant donor size determines kidney function among living donors

Background Kidney donor outcomes are gaining attention, particularly as donor eligibility criteria continue to expand. Kidney size, a useful predictor of recipient kidney function, also likely correlates with donor outcomes. Although donor evaluation includes donor kidney size measurements, the association between kidney size and outcomes are poorly defined. Methods We examined the relationship between kidney size (body surface area-adjusted total volume, cortical volume and length) and renal outcomes (post-operative recovery and longer-term kidney function) among 85 kidney donors using general linear models and time-to-chronic kidney disease data. Results Donors with the largest adjusted cortical volume were more likely to achieve an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 over a median 24-month follow-up than those with smaller cortical volumes (P <0.001), had a shorter duration of renal recovery (1.3–2.2 versus 32.5 days) and started with a higher eGFR at pre-donation (107–110 versus 91 mL/min/1.73 m2) and immediately post-nephrectomy (∼63 versus 50–51 mL/min/1.73 m2). Similar findings were seen with adjusted total volume and length. Conclusions Larger kidney donors were more likely to achieve an eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with renal recovery over a shorter duration due to higher pre-donation and initial post-nephrectomy eGFRs.
Equilibrium Unemployment with Outsourcing and Wage Solidarity Under Labour Market Imperfections

We evaluate the effects of outsourcing and wage solidarity on wage formation and equilibrium unemployment in a heterogeneous labour market, where wages are determined by a monopoly labour union. We find that outsourcing promotes the wage dispersion between the high-skilled and low-skilled workers. When the labour union adopts a solidaristic wage policy, it will magnify, and not dampen, this tendency. Further, higher outsourcing will increase equilibrium unemployment among the high-skilled workers, whereas it will reduce it among the low-skilled workers. Overall, outsourcing will reduce economy-wide equilibrium unemployment under the reasonable condition that the proportion of high-skilled workers is sufficiently low.
Robot Vision System based on a 3D-TOF Camera

Stereo vision is widely used and well known for many 3D image applications. In this paper a 3D time-of-flight system will be introduced which is integrated into a robot vision system. The pro and cons of the system in comparison to stereo vision are discussed and the basic equations needed for acquiring the range information are derived. Moreover object segmentation algorithms working on the range data are presented and experimental results verify the function of the proposed robot vision system.
A simple and novel method for RNA‐seq library preparation of single cell cDNA analysis by hyperactive Tn5 transposase

Background: Deep sequencing of single cell‐derived cDNAs offers novel insights into oncogenesis and embryogenesis. However, traditional library preparation for RNA‐seq analysis requires multiple steps with consequent sample loss and stochastic variation at each step significantly affecting output. Thus, a simpler and better protocol is desirable. The recently developed hyperactive Tn5‐mediated library preparation, which brings high quality libraries, is likely one of the solutions. Results and Conclusions: Here, we tested the applicability of hyperactive Tn5‐mediated library preparation to deep sequencing of single cell cDNA, optimized the protocol, and compared it with the conventional method based on sonication. This new technique does not require any expensive or special equipment, which secures wider availability. A library was constructed from only 100 ng of cDNA, which enables the saving of precious specimens. Only a few steps of robust enzymatic reaction resulted in saved time, enabling more specimens to be prepared at once, and with a more reproducible size distribution among the different specimens. The obtained RNA‐seq results were comparable to the conventional method. Thus, this Tn5‐mediated preparation is applicable for anyone who aims to carry out deep sequencing for single cell cDNAs. Developmental Dynamics 241:1584–1590, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
Reducing particle size of corn in lactation diets from 1,200 to 400 micrometers improves sow and litter performance.

One hundred primiparous sows were used to determine the effects of particle size of corn in lactation diets on sow and litter performance. The sows were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet with the corn ground to 1,200, 900, 600, or 400 microns. Particle size of corn had no influence on sow BW or backfat loss (P > .30), subsequent weaning-to-estrus interval (P > .40), or percentage of sows returning to estrus (P > .09). However, ADFI was increased (linear effect, P < .04) as particle size was reduced from 1,200 to 400 microns. Pig survivability was not affected (P > .30) but litter BW gain was increased by 11% when sows were fed diets with 400 vs 1,200 microns corn (linear effect, P < .05). Apparent digestibilities of DM, N, and GE were increased by 5, 7, and 7%, respectively, as particle size was reduced from 1,200 to 400 microns (linear effects, P < .001). Intake of DE was increased 14% (13.7 to 15.6 Mcal/d) as corn particle size was reduced from 1,200 to 400 microns. Intakes of digestible DM and N also were increased (11 and 14%, respectively), whereas fecal excretions of DM and N were decreased by 21 and 31%, respectively (linear effects, P < .001). Reducing particle size increased severity of ulceration and keratinization (nonzero correlations of P < .04 and P < .004, respectively) in the esophageal region of the stomach, although the changes were not associated with reduced sow performance. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Glycosphingolipids as tumor-associated and differentiation markers.

Cette revue met l'accent sur quelques sujets d'evolution recente: 1) chimie des marqueurs glycolipidiques associes aux tumeurs et regis par le developpement; 2) facteurs affectant l'expression des glycolipides a la surface des cellules, et 3) application possible des marqueurs glycolipidiques au traitement et au diagnostic du cancer humain
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREGNANCY AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE

Summary. The gingivitis associated with pregnancy has been attributed to increased concentrations of circulating estrogen and/or progesterone. However, the mechanism by which these steroids increase gingival inflammation is not known. Female steroid hormones may have dual effects on the pathogenesis of pyogenic granuloma in pregnancy. The hormones not only enhance the expression of angiogenic factors in inflamed tissue, but also decrease apoptosis of granuloma cells to extend angiogenic effect. The bacteria known as Fusobacterium nucleatum, has been linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Since F. nucleatum is associated with periodontal infections rather than genital or uterine infections, it is supposed that the infection doesn't enter the womb by an ascendant route coming up through the genital tract; rather it enters the mother's bloodstream making its way down from the oral cavity. Systemic inflammation and its chemical mediators play a major role in the pathogenesis of preterm delivery, including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm delivery. Chronic infections like intrauterine infection and chorioamnionitis are linked to both preterm birth and elevated CRP levels. Furthermore, periodontal disease has been associated with increased risk of preterm low birth weight, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Therefore, chemical mediators, principally CRP, might be a plausible mediator of the association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Periodontal intervention results in a significantly decreased incidence for preterm delivery. Pregnancy without periodontal treatment is associated with significant increases in probing depths, plaque scores, GCF IL-1β, and GCF IL-6 levels.
Lies have long legs Cheating , public scrutiny and loyalty in teams

Do people cheat more if it helps their team? And what if their actions are disclosed to their peers? To answer these questions, we run a lab-in-the-field experiment with girl and boy scouts during their summer camps. Scout troops are organized in patrols: these are thus naturally occurring and persistent teams which undertake many different activities and own common goods. These teams di↵er in many respects from the minimal groups typically used in the lab. While we find a very low overall level of cheating, our results show that subjects cheat more frequently when their decision is disclosed to peers in their team. This is in contrast with findings from other studies analyzing di↵erent forms of scrutiny. On the other hand, no significant di↵erence is observed when cheating rewards the team rather than the individual.
Heterozygosity–fitness correlations and their relevance to studies on inbreeding depression in threatened species

The majority of reported multilocus heterozygosity–fitness correlations (HFCs) are from large, outbred populations, and their relevance to studies on inbreeding depression in threatened populations is often stressed. The results of such HFC studies conducted on outbred populations may be of limited application to threatened population management, however, as bottlenecked populations exhibit increased incidence of inbreeding, increased linkage disequilibrium, reduced genetic diversity and possible effects of historical inbreeding such as purging. These differences may affect both our ability to detect inbreeding depression in threatened species, and our interpretation of the underlying mechanisms for observed heterozygosity–fitness relationships. The study of HFCs in outbred populations is of interest in itself, but the results may not translate directly to threatened populations that have undergone severe bottlenecks.
Variabilité dans la perception et l'orientation de l'attention spatiale: application à la compréhension de la négligence spatiale unilatérale.

Cette recherche, composee de 7 experiences a pour but d'observer mais aussi de manipuler implicitement les mecanismes attentionnels de sujets sains et de patients cerebro-leses droits souffrant ou non de negligence spatiale gauche. Ce travail de recherche apporte un nouvel eclairage sur la comprehension theorique de la negligence spatiale unilaterale. En effet, la compilation de tous les resultats nous mene a interpreter la negligence en ces termes: l'expression d'une negligence spatiale pourrait etre la resultante d'un chaos perceptif, se definissant par un manque d'invariant, qui impliquerait un trouble de l'orientation exogene de l'attention, majore au niveau de l'hemiespace gauche, ceci dans un contexte de trouble bilateral de l'orientation endogene de l'attention, emaille de troubles frontaux. Cette assomption est corroboree par la mise en evidence, pour la premiere fois, d'une variabilite perceptive specifique aux patients negligents. Ainsi, cette nouvelle hypothese ouvre desormais la voie a un champ de reflexion pour l'etude et la reeducation de la negligence spatiale.