Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transmission Coefficient Analysis of Notched Shape Floating Breakwater Using Volume of Fluid Method: A Numerical Study

As one of the coastal structures, breakwaters are built to protect the coastal area against waves. The current application of breakwaters is usually conventional breakwaters, such as the rubble mound type. Climate change, which causes tidal variations, sea level height, and unsuitable soil conditions that cause large structural loads, can be solved more economically by employing floating breakwater. In this study, numerical simulations will be conducted by exploring the optimum floating breakwater notched shapes from the Christensen experiment. The comparison of three proposed floating breakwater models, such as square notch (SQ), circular notch (CN), and triangular notch (VN), is compared with standard pontoon (RG) to optimize the transmission coefficient value is analyzed. Numerical simulations are conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on the VOF method with Flow 3D Software. Compared to the experimental study, the RG model's validation shows a good result with an error rate of 8.5%. The comparative results of the floating breakwater models are found that the smaller the transmission coefficient value, the more optimal the model. The SQ structure has the smallest transmission coefficient of 0.6248. It can be summarized that the SQ model is the most optimal floating breakwater structure.
Development of an Automatic Low-Cost Air Quality Control System: A Radon Application

Air pollution is the fourth-largest overall risk factor for human health worldwide. Ambient air pollution (outdoors) and household air pollution (indoors) cause about 6.5 million premature deaths. The World Health Organization has established that between 3% and 14% of lung cancer cases are due to radon gas, making it the most important cause of lung cancer after smoking. This work presents a fully automated, low-cost indoor air quality control system that can monitor temperature, pressure, humidity, total volatile organic compounds (TOVC), and radon concentration. Using the radon concentration as an air quality measure, we created a prediction algorithm. The system uses those predictions to control a ventilation system automatically. We tested the algorithm for different prediction windows and compared the results with those without the ventilation system in a radon research room. In this room, the radon concentration is high 100% of the time, reaching a level eleven times higher than the recommended limit. The results show that the system can achieve an 86% reduction of the radon concentration, maintaining it low 90% of the time while having the ventilation system on during only 34% of the time. This work demonstrates that we can control air quality using low-cost resources, keeping a household or workplace safe but comfortable.
APPLE DOESN’T FALL FAR: INTERGENERATIONAL EDUCATION MOBILITY IN TURKEY

This study presents an in‐depth review of the literature on intergenerational education mobility. The issues regarding consistent estimation of mobility coefficients as well the proposed solutions are elaborately discussed. In the light of the discussions, the strength of the intergenerational schooling association in Turkey is analyzed for father‐son and father‐daughter samples separately using a pooled sample of pairs living in the same household in any of the years between 2003 and 2011. The results suggest large persistence in intergenerational schooling—paternal and maternal correlation coefficients are 0.56 and 0.59 for sons, 0.63 and 0.73 for daughters—regardless of the gender of the child. The large mobility correlations may ask for the government to intervene in breaking the harmful schooling link across generations. To cite this document: Duman, E. (2021). T Apple Doesn’t Fall Far: Intergenerational Education Mobility in Turkey. BILTURK, The Journal of Economics and Related Studies, 3(2), 51‐65.doi: This study presents an in‐depth review of the literature on intergenerational education mobility. The issues regarding consistent estimation of mobility coefficients as well the proposed solutions are elaborately discussed. In the light of the discussions, the strength of the intergenerational schooling association in Turkey is analyzed for father‐son and father‐daughter samples separately. Pooled cross‐sections of Household Budget Surveys (from 2003 to 2011) are used to create the sample of father‐child pairs that live in the same household. For both samples three specifications are estimated: i) child’s schooling is regressed on father’s schooling, ii) child’s schooling is regressed on mother’s schooling, and iii) child’s schooling is regressed on both parents’ schooling. Each specification includes controls for cohort effects which may confound the intergenerational schooling association. The results suggest large persistence in intergenerational schooling regardless of gender of the child which compares to the national correlations found by Aydemir and Yazici (2019). A comparison of the results with mobility correlations from a large set of countries in Hertz et al. (2008) implies that educational attainment is less mobile across two generations in Turkey than most of the countries in their sample. The larger persistence in daughters sample may reflect segregation in parental attitudes towards their children’s schooling based on the gender of the child. There may be large regional disparities in intergenerational schooling association in Turkey due to regional differences in social norms and attitudes towards acquiring schooling. Further work may address the presence and causes of regional disparities in intergenerational education mobility as well the drivers of national persistence in intergenerational schooling. The national correlations found in this study may require the government to intervene in breaking the harmful schooling link across generations by providing equality of opportunity . 2 .
To Study the Effect of Meteorological Variables on Oxidative Stress Parameters in Balck Bengal Goat

Harsh environments create stressful conditions to animals raised in extreme climatic areas, and as a result, animals develop various adaptive mechanisms that enable them to survive under conditions of extreme heat or extreme cold. The present study entitled, “The effect of Meteorological Variables on Oxidative Stress in Black Bengal Goat” was conducted on twelve adult apparently healthy Black Bengal Goats. The does were investigated for their antioxidant’s profiles during autumn (Oct to Nov) and winter (Dec to Jan) seasons. Meteorological parameters like dry bulb temperature and relative humidity were recorded daily for two times at 6 am and 3 pm for estimation of THI throughout the study period. In the present study, the mean THI found during autumn and winter season was 70.45±0.60 and 57.58±0.91 respectively while the mean THI for last one years was 72.09±0.38 during autumn and 62.14±0.28 during winter season. All the antioxidants that studied (SOD, LPO and GPx) showed significant (p<0.05) variations during autumn and winter season. The SOD (IU/ml), LPO (nmol of MDA/ml of packed cells) level was observed to be higher during winter season than the autumn season whereas GPx (IU/ml) level was found lower during winter. Thus, the SOD and LPO was inversely proportional to THI and GPx was directly proportional to the THI. The study revealed that some of the parameters studied were visibly drifted from normal values as a result of climate stress during winter season. The results also highlighted drastic variations in the values of some of the antioxidants in animals. The information obtained is useful in understanding the adaptive physiology of the Black Bengal goats during environmental stress. The data generated may also help to distinguish and discriminate healthy animals from stressed ones under special physiological status of goats.
Predicting Ship Trajectory Based on Neural Networks Using AIS Data

To create an autonomously moving vessel, it is necessary to know exactly how to determine the current coordinates of the vessel in the selected coordinate system, determine the actual trajectory of the vessel, estimate the motion trend to predict the current coordinates, and calculate the course correction to return to the line of the specified path. The navigational and hydrographic conditions of navigation on each section of the route determine the requirements for the accuracy of observations and the time spent on locating the vessel. The problem of predicting the trajectory of the vessel’s motion in automatic mode is especially important for river vessels or river-sea vessels, predicting the trajectory of the route sections during the maneuvering of the vessel. At the moment, one of the most accurate ways of determining the coordinates of the vessel is by reading the satellite signal. However, when a vessel is near hydraulic structures, problems may arise connected with obtaining a satellite signal due to interference and, therefore, the error in measuring the coordinates of the vessel increases. The likelihood of collisions and various kinds of incidents increases. In such cases, it is possible to correct the trajectory of the movement using an autonomous navigation system. In this work, opportunities of the possible application of artificial neural networks to create such a corrective system using only the coordinates of the ship’s position are discussed. It was found that this is possible on sections of the route where the ship does not maneuver.
Objective Analysis of SMOS and SMAP Sea Surface Salinity to Reduce Large-Scale and Time-Dependent Biases from Low to High Latitudes

Ten years of L-band radiometric measurements have proven the capability of satellite sea surface salinity (SSS) to resolve large-scale-to-mesoscale SSS features in tropical to subtropical ocean. In mid-to-high latitudes, L-band measurements still suffer from large-scale and time-varying errors. Here, a simple method is proposed to mitigate the large-scale and time-varying errors. First, an optimal interpolation using a large correlation scale (~500 km) is used to map independently Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) level-3 (L3) data. The mapping is compared with the equivalent mapping of in situ observations to estimate the large-scale and seasonal biases. A second mapping is performed on adjusted SSS at the scale of SMOS/SMAP spatial resolution (~45 km). This procedure merges both products and increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the absolute SSS estimates, reducing the root-mean-square difference of in situ satellite products by about 26%–32% from mid- to high latitudes, respectively, in comparison with the existing SMOS and SMAP L3 products. However, in the Arctic Ocean, some issues on satellite retrieved SSS related to, for example, radio frequency interferences, land–sea contamination, and ice–sea contamination remain challenging to reduce given the low sensitivity of L-band radiometric measurements to SSS in cold water. Using the International Thermodynamic Equation Of Seawater—2010 (TEOS-10), the resulting level-4 SSS satellite product is combined with satellite-microwave SST products to estimate sea surface density, spiciness, and haline contraction and thermal expansion coefficients. For the first time, we illustrate how useful these satellite-derived parameters are to fully characterize the surface ocean water masses at large mesoscale.
Direct Experimental Evidence of Halide Ionic Migration under Bias in CH3NH3PbI3–xClx-Based Perovskite Solar Cells Using GD-OES Analysis

In recent decades, the development of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been increasing very quickly due to their high initial efficiency and low-cost process. However, key points such as crystal growth mechanisms, current–voltage hysteresis, and instability remain still unexplained or misunderstood. Among several possibilities, ionic migration in PSCs has been suggested to explain the hysteresis effect. However, direct experimental evidence of ionic migration under operation or measurement conditions of PSCs is still missing. This work shows directly the ionic migration of halogen components (I– and Cl–) of a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx perovskite film under an applied bias using glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES). Furthermore, no migration of lead and nitrogen ions is observed on a polarization time scale less than 2 min. The ratio of fixed to mobile iodide ions is deduced from the evolution of the GD-OES profile lines as a function of the applied bias. The average length.
The effects of government expenditure on sustainable economic growth
in India: assessment of the circular economy

Government expenditure is linked to the economic growth and is the driving force of the every country. In the post liberalization era, India has been exposed to the dynamics of the world economy due to which India has witnessed a significant impact of Government spending on its economic growth. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of the Central Government spending on the growth of the Indian economy over a period, from 2006 to 2016. The online data disclosures of the various ministries have been the major source of secondary data. Co-integration analysis is adopted to evaluate the effect of individual sectorial spending on the economic growth and gross domestic product. The economic spending is classified into 5 sectors namely: General Services, Social Services, Economic Services, Grants in Aid & Contribution and Public debt & Loans for analysis, as disclosed by the sources. The analysis gives us an idea of the various sectors which have a positive impact and the sectors which have a negative impact. The results would play an instrumental role in exploring the sectors in which the government should invest more, thereby contributing to an enhancement in the country’s growth.
Dietary grape seed tannin  extract supplementation stimulated testis development, changed fatty acid profiles and increased antioxidant capacity in testis in Hu lambs in pre-puberty

Background Grape seed tannin extract (GPE) that is from wine grape pomace has many effective anti-oxidative effects and is used as a promising natural feed additive in the animal feed industry. In this study, we investigated the effect of GPE as a source of tannin on the antioxidant capacity and testis development in Hu lamb. Method: Twenty-seven 3-month-old ram lambs were randomly assigned to three groups. Within each treatment group, nine lambs were allocated to nine pens (one lamb per pen). The lambs in the control group were fed a control diet without GPE for 61 days from D21 to D80. Group I (TAN1) was fed a 0.36% GPE diet. Group II (TAN2) was fed a 0.72% GPE diet. After 81-day feeding trial, all lambs except the heaviest and lightest in each group were humanely slaughtered and investigated. Results Feeding GPE did not affect the body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake, scrotal circumference and testis index, whereas feeding 0.36% GPE diet increased testis weight, testis volume, and epididymis weight (P < 0.05) compared with the control. Cu-ZnSOD, P450scc, P450arom, FSHR, FADS2, ELOVL2 and PCNA mRNA in TAN1 and TAN2 groups were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). GPE also markedly increased antioxidant status of testis. Compared with the control group, GPE significantly increased the SOD activity (314.23 ± 18.64 U/mg prot in control, 505.22 ± 63.47 U/mg prot in TAN1 and 587.88 ± 55.94 U/mg prot in TAN2, P < 0.05), T-AOC (98.23 ± 18.99 U/g prot in control, 202.15 ± 34.19 U/g prot in TAN1 and 189.57 ± 18.95 U/g prot in TAN2, P < 0.05). GPE also increased NEFAs levels (158.36 ± 26.32 mmol/kg prot in control, 205.15 ± 14.51 mmol/kg prot in TNA1 and 250.06 ± 33.82 mmol/kg prot in TAN2 P = 0.08). But, consuming GPE downregulated testicular total cholesterol concentration (3.89 ± 0.57 mmol/kg prot in TAN1, 4.21 ± 1.04 mmol/kg prot in TAN2 and 7.20 ± 1.46 mmol/kg prot, P = 0.09). Consuming 0.72% GPE also changed fatty acid profiles in testis with increased C15:1, C22:6n3 and total n-3 fatty acids (P < 0.05). Therefore, feeding lambs with 0.72% GPE stimulated testis seminiferous tubule development, increased the number of Sertoli cells (10.56 ± 0.44 vs. 13.60 ± 0.42, P < 0.05), and seminiferous tubule diameter (146.56 ± 4.53 µm vs. 109.3 ± 4.56 µm, P < 0.05). Conclusion All these results suggested that feeding GPE in the early reproductive development stage of lambs upregulated the expression of antioxidative, steroidogenesis, and PUFA metabolism-related genes; changed the fatty acids profiles, increased the antioxidant capacity in lamb’s testis; and contributed to testis development and spermatogenesis.
Network pharmacology integrated molecular docking reveals the potential of Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray against COVID-19

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there are still no specific treatments. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The present study aims to explore the potential of Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray against COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. Potential targets of H. japonicum were collected from available databases for protein–protein interaction analysis. Further GO and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to reveal the corresponding mechanism. Molecular docking was employed to evaluate the binding energy between the components in H. japonicum and three target proteins (ACE2, Mpro and PLP). Finally, a total of 45 core targets were screened. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that several key pathways were involved in the potential beneficial effects of H. japonicum against COVID-19. Molecular docking results showed that most components in H. japonicum have a binding affinity to ACE2, Mpro and PLP molecules less than −5 kcal/mol, indicating good binding capacity to these target proteins. Vincetoxicoside B, bijaponicaxanthone and quercetin possess the top binding activity to ACE2, Mpro and PLP, respectively. The molecular docking results and the traditionally known possible functions of H. japonicum, including stabilizing blood oxygen environment, preventing inflammatory storms, regulating immune response and inhibiting viral infections, hereby indicate the potential of H. japonicum against COVID-19.
Research on Emergency Method of Power Cyber-Physics Risk Area

With increasing emphasis on the economics of power system operation, economic costs have gradually become an important issue to be considered in the research of risk emergency methods. Although the above method of removing the load of key nodes can effectively suppress the spread of risks, this method is also accompanied by a large amount of load loss, which causes economic waste. In response to this problem, considering the state and topology of the system risk area, this paper proposes emergency measures for node injection power adjustment and load shedding. At the same time, it comprehensively considers the effects and costs of emergency measures, puts forward economic and safety evaluation indicators, and builds an emergency model for cyber-physical power system risk areas. Finally, the differential evolution algorithm is used to optimize the emergency model, and the emergency method for cyber-physical power system risk areas with the best control effect and the lowest control cost is obtained.
ELABORATION OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF SEMI-SMOKED SAUSAGES USING LENTIL FLOUR, THYME AND JUNIPER

The complex studies of chemical and biochemical composition of the vegetable raw material were carried out; their influence on technological parameters and microstructure of forcemeat of semi-smoked sausages was detected to prove the expedience of using the spicy-aromatic plants in the production technology of semi-smoked sausages. Antioxidant properties of thyme and juniper were studied. The quality and safety of the new types of semi-smoked sausages were proved on the base of their study by organoleptic, physical-chemical, structural-mechanic, microbiological parameters. On the base of received results it was persuasively proved the expedience of using the flour of germinated and non-germinated lentil in combination with the meat raw material, especially with chicken, spicy-aromatic plants in composition of semi-smoked sausages, because it favors the improvement of their biological value. Thyme and juniper decelerate the intensity of hydrolysis products creation by 2 % and peroxide creation in the average by 12 % in the studied samples comparing with control. It was determined the maximal storage life of the new types of semi-smoked sausages that is 15 days at temperature 6±2 °С.
Tune-out and magic wavelengths of 
Ba+
 ions

The static and dynamic polarizabilities of the ground state and low-lying excited states of ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions are calculated by using a relativistic semiempirical method: the relativistic configuration interaction plus core polarization (RCICP) method. The tune-out wavelengths of the ground state and magic wavelengths of the $6{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{p}_{1/2,3/2},5{d}_{3/2,5/2}$ transitions are determined. One visible tune-out wavelength, 480.658(18) nm, is found. High-precision measurements on this tune-out wavelength could be used to determine the ratio of the oscillator strengths of the $6{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{p}_{1/2,3/2}$ transitions. In addition, we suggest that the measurements on the magic wavelengths corresponding to the $6{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5{d}_{3/2,5/2}$ transitions could be used to determine the oscillator strengths of the $5{d}_{5/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4{f}_{7/2}$ and $5{d}_{3/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4{f}_{5/2}$ transitions, while the measurements of the magic wavelengths near 416 nm for the $6{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{p}_{3/2}$ transition could be used to determine the ratio of the oscillator strengths of the $6{p}_{3/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{d}_{3/2,5/2}$ transitions.