Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Layer Firewall Design using Co-Channel Underlay-Based Watermark Authentication

The time-aligned injection of a co-channel underlay-based watermark for authentication at the receiver is an effective method to enhance physical layer security. While firewalls have traditionally been used to manage authorized traffic in wired networks, this paper provides the design and implementation of similar functions for wireless networks. The physical layer firewall only allows receiver access in cases where the valid watermark is detected concurrent to the incoming primary signal, and may be used with virtually any network waveform. Moreover, the use of non-repeating arbitrary-phase spread spectrum signals eliminates many common replay attacks. A hardware prototype is built to receive IEEE 802.11g primary signals with arbitrary-phase spread spectrum underlays, showing reliable authentication performance with only minor bit error rate degradation up to Modulation and Coding Scheme 5. Future prototypes are suggested to further optimize performance, for use with other data waveforms, and to demonstrate higher layer protocols.
Dual-Polarized 28-GHz Air-Filled SIW Phased Antenna Array for Next-Generation Cellular Systems

A high-performance dual-polarized eight-element air-filled substrate-integrated-waveguide (AFSIW) cavity-backed patch antenna array is presented. The antenna operates in the [26.5-29.5] GHz band and provides a stable high data-rate wireless communication link between end-user terminals and access points in next-generation cellular systems. Its topology is carefully selected to maximize the performance of the array. In addition, by combining the AFSIW technology with a new antenna architecture, a low-profile, low-cost, stable, and high-performance array design is guaranteed. A prototype was fabricated and validated, demonstrating a wide active impedance bandwidth over $\pm 35^{o}$ scanning range and low-cross polarization level within the entire frequency band.
Crustose Caliciaceae in Restinga vegetation in Brazil with a new species of Gassicurtia and two identification keys

Abstract. During ecological studies on corticolous lichens in Restinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil, many species of crustose Caliciaceae formerly placed in the collective genus Buellia s.l. were collected. A new species was discovered and is described here—Gassicurtia restingiana D.S. Andrade, M. Cáceres & Aptroot differs from G. catasema in the absence of lichexanthone. Two identification keys are provided, one for all species of Gassicurtia known from Brazil, and one for crustose, epiphytic, non-mazaediate species of Caliciaceae found in Restinga areas in northeastern Brazil.
Soft Robotic Gloves with Thin McKibben Muscles for Hand Assist and Rehabilitation

In this paper, we proposed, designed, prototyped, and demonstrated a new soft robotic rehabilitation glove with thin McKibben muscles. Rehabilitation gloves have recently attracted considerable attention owing to an increase in the number of patients and a decrease in the number of medical personnel with declining birth rates and rapidly aging society. We proposed a rehabilitation glove that can flex and extend fingers actively using thin McKibben muscles; these are lightweight, flexible, high force per weight, linear actuators. This glove will address the limitations of existing rehabilitation gloves in terms of size, weight, and insufficient extension force. Two design concepts are newly proposed in this paper: a ”three-point bending structure” and a ”flat braided muscle”. By employing these concepts, the glove can be used to extend and flex fingers with thin McKibben muscles, and the entire glove can remain compact within the wrist and hand. With respect to wearability, which is very important in rehabilitation gloves, we contrived a new fitting mechanism and a wearing aid. Experiments conducted showed that the fingers could be successfully extended and flexed from a fingertip angle of -49° to 106° and a 500 g water bottle could be grasped under relaxed conditions. The study showed promising results, and we believe that this glove has immense potential as a future rehabilitation glove.
Prevalence of Non-psychiatric Comorbidities in Pre-symptomatic and Symptomatic Huntington's Disease Gene Carriers in Poland

Huntington's disease (HD) is monogenic neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG expansions within the Huntingtin gene (Htt); it has a prevalence of 1 in 10,000 worldwide and is invariably fatal. Typically, healthy individuals have fewer than 35 CAG repeats, while the CAG expansions range from 36 to ~200 in HD patients. The hallmark of HD is neurodegeneration, especially in the striatal nuclei, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex, leading to neurological symptoms that involve motor, cognitive, and psychiatric events. However, HD is a complex disorder that may also affect peripheral organs, so it is possible that HD patients could be affected by comorbidities. Hence, we investigated the prevalence of comorbid conditions in HD patients (pre-symptomatic and symptomatic groups) and compared the frequency of those conditions to a control group. Our groups represent 65% of HD gene carriers registered in Poland. We identified 8 clusters of comorbid conditions in both HD groups, namely: musculoskeletal, allergies, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, thyroid, psychiatric, and ophthalmologic. We found that HD patients have a significantly higher percentage of co-existing conditions in comparison to the control group. Among the 8 clusters of diseases, musculoskeletal, psychiatric, and cardiovascular events were significantly more frequent in both pre- and symptomatic HD patients, while neurological and gastrointestinal clusters showed significantly higher occurrence in the HD symptomatic group. A greater recognition of comorbidity in HD might help to better understand health outcomes and improve clinical management.
Editorial: The Canonical and Non-Canonical Endocannabinoid System as a Target in Cancer and Acute and Chronic Pain

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) comprises the canonical receptor subtypes CB1R and CB2R and endocannabinoids (anandamide, AEA and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, 2-AG), and a “noncanonical” extended signaling network consisting of: (i) other fatty acid derivatives; (ii) the defined “ionotropic cannabinoid receptors” (TRP channels); other GPCRs (GPR55, PPARa); (iii) enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of endocannabinoids (FAAH and MAGL); and (iv) protein transporters (FABP family) (Pisanti et al., 2013; Iannotti et al., 2016). The ECS is currently a hot topic due to its involvement in cancer and pain. High CB1R expression correlates with poor prognosis in different type of cancers including prostate, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian cancer (Michalski et al., 2008; Cipriano et al., 2013; Jung et al., 2013; Messalli et al., 2014); while high CB2R expression correlated to poor prognosis in HER2positive breast cancer (Blasco-Benito et al., 2019). Endocannabinoids such as AEA and 2-AG were found upregulated in different tumors (colorectal carcinomas) compared to healthy subjects (Pyszniak et al., 2016). Despite these changes there have been variable mechanisms suggested for these endocannabinoids in terms of their antitumorigenic activity. The antiproliferative effect induced by AEA in prostate and breast cancers has been reported to be due to CB1R activation (Grimaldi and Capasso, 2011);while the apoptosis induced by R(+)-methanandamide in lymphoma cells is reported to be due to the activation of both CB1R and CB2R (Gustafsson et al., 2008). While its anticancer effect in cervical and lung tumors may be from other pathways (Eichele et al., 2009). The antiproliferative effect of 2-AG appears dependent on pathways involving CB1Rmediated p42/44 MAPK and AKT signaling. Recent studies have demonstrated a link between TRPV2 and CBD-induced autophagy in glioblastoma cells and CB2R-GRP55 heteromers as a cause of cancer cell proliferation have been found (Moreno et al., 2014; Nabissi et al., 2015). For pain, the ECS plays a role at different points in the nociception axis. AEA and 2-AG elicit long-term depression of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses increasing neural circuit output. Endocannabinoid/TRPV signaling induces the sensitization of the shortening reflex while CB1 and CB2 receptors are targeted in the treatment of pain. The current Research Topic highlights various ways the ECS can impact cancer and pain.
A Hybrid Loop Closure Detection Method Based on Lidar SLAM

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the key technology to realize self-localization of autonomous vehicles. However, the lidar SLAM with traditional loop closure detection cannot obtain reliable accuracy and real-time under large scale scene due to the accumulated error of point cloud registration. In this paper, a hybrid loop closure detection (HLCD) method based on spatial location and appearance similarity is proposed and introduced into lidar SLAM technology. An experimental test is implemented on the platform of autonomous vehicle to verify the correctness and feasibility of theoretical design. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the cumulative deviation and time consuming.
Efficient quantization of vocoded speech parameters without degradation

In a statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS) system with a vocoder, the dimensions of speech parameters need to be reduced, and many SPSS systems have used companded speech parameters. This paper introduces quantization algorithms for 3 speech parameters: fundamental frequency (fo), spectral envelope, and aperiodicity. In full-band speech (speech with a sampling frequency above 40 kHz), the dimensions of the spectral envelope and the aperiodicity can be reduced to 50 and 5 dimensions based on previous studies. This paper compares the quantization coding without degradation with speech synthesized by the speech parameters without coding. Efficient quantization would be effective for a study that uses graphics processing unit (GPU) computing because recent GPUs support 16-bit floating-point computing. We did two subjective evaluations. The first evaluation determined the appropriate quantization bits in each speech parameter. We obtained the 9 bit values in fo, 13 bit values in the spectral envelope, and 3 bit values in the aperiodicity. The second evaluation verified the effectiveness of our proposed coding. Since a multiple of eight is generally used for data chunks, we employed the 16 quantization bits for fo, 16 for the spectral envelope, and 8 for aperiodicity in the evaluation. The results showed that our proposed algorithm achieved almost all the same sound quality as the speech parameters without coding.
Baboon thanatology: responses of filial and non-filial group members to infants' corpses

What do animals know of death? What can animals' responses to death tell us about the evolution of species’ minds, and the origins of humans' awareness of death and dying? A recent surge in interest in comparative thanatology may provide beginnings of answers to these questions. Here, we add to the comparative thanatology literature by reporting 12 cases of group members' responses to infants’ deaths, including 1 miscarriage and 2 stillbirths, recorded over 13 years in wild Namibian chacma baboons. Wild baboons' responses to dead infants were similar to other primates: in general, the mother of the infant carried the infants’ corpse for varying lengths of time (less than 1 h to 10 days) and tended to groom the corpses frequently, though, as in other studies, considerable individual differences were observed. However, we have not yet observed any corpse carriage of very long duration (i.e. greater than 20 days), which, though rare, occurs in other Old World monkeys and chimpanzees. We hypothesize this is due to the costs of carrying the corpse over the greater daily distances travelled by the Tsaobis baboons. Additionally, in contrast to other case reports, we observed male friends' ‘protection’ of the infant corpse on three occasions. We discuss the implications of these reports for current questions in the field.
Low PTH Levels in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa

Introduction: Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) experience medical complications including impaired bone metabolism, increased fracture rate, kidney stones and chronic renal failure. However, the mechanisms of such complications are not fully understood. Healthy adolescents have been shown to have higher PTH levels when compared with pre-pubertal children and adults. Given the importance of central measures of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in bone and kidney health, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been extensively investigated in patients with AN, however none of the previous studies accounted for age-specific reference ranges for PTH. The aim of this study was to investigate central measures of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in adolescents with newly diagnosed AN using age-specific reference ranges and to determine whether any significant abnormalities required further study. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 61 adolescents (mean age = aged 15.2 ± 1.56 years) with newly diagnosed AN, referred to a tertiary center over a period of 2 years. Demographic, auxiological, and nutrient (vitamin D and calcium) intake data was obtained. Central measures of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in blood and urine were investigated. PTH results were compared with age-specific reference ranges from the Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER). Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed. Results: Low PTH levels were observed in 35% of the cohort. Overall, serum calcium, phosphate and 25OHD were within the reference range. Using loess curves, PTH had a significant negative and non-linear correlation with 25OHD with an inflection point at a 25OHD level of 100 nmol/l, above which the association was no longer present. Correlation analysis did not show a significant association between PTH and total or corrected serum calcium, urine calcium/creatinine (Ca/Cr) ratio, total dietary calcium intake, magnesium or Tanner staging. Conclusion: PTH levels were reduced in approximately a third of adolescents with AN. This observation has not been reported given the universal usage of reference ranges that covers all ages. This finding may unmask a potential role for reduced PTH levels in the pathogenesis of kidney stones and bone phenotype in patients with AN.
Approach using Transforming Structural Data into Image for Detection of Malicious MS-DOC Files based on Deep Learning Models

Malicious MS-DOC file has a long history in cybersecurity and has rapid growth with tremendous appearance of advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks. Due to its obfuscation and complexities, regular detection methods are not ideal, and the specific detection methods are limited, either. This paper presents a new approach for malware detection of MS-DOC files. Inspired by analysis of MS-DOC files and tremendous success made by convolutional neural network (CNN) in the field of feature identification, especially image identification, a new approach including data extraction and conversion is designed to identify MS-DOC malicious files and benign files. Based on three CNN models, experiment results show that the accuracy rate of detection for test dataset reaches 94.09%, and in simulated zeroday malware detection experiment, the average accuracy rate reaches 94.70%. The approach proves the feasibility of MS-DOC malicious file detection based on convolutional neural network and proposes a new idea to detect zero-day MS-DOC malware.
Commentary: Locating Relict Sinter Terrace Sites at Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand, With Ferdinand von Hochstetter's Legacy Cartography, Historic Maps, and LIDAR

This commentary addresses defects in research published in Lorrey andWoolley (2018a) and in the Frontiers of Earth Science article (Lorrey and Woolley, 2018b). This research professes to replicate the 2016-2018 reverse engineering (deconstructing survey bearings to resect the survey observation stations) of Ferdinand Hochstetter’s 1859 survey of the Pink and White Terraces in New Zealand (Bunn and Nolden, 2016); These silica sinter terraces were a national treasure. They were known as the eighth “Wonder of the World. ” The Terraces attracted international tourists until 1886 when Mt Tarawera erupted, burying them. The replication presented in LW-2018a and LW-2018b draws mistaken conclusions after errata in data and in methodology. A competent survey resection is performed for this commentary, with the correct survey stations and baseline. The results are consistent with earlier reverse engineering of Hochstetter’s survey. As lead investigator, I invited Lorrey and Woolley onto the 2017-2018 PAWTL2 Project team. The objective was to obtain evidence of surviving sinter terraces, by GPR (ground penetrating radar) searches over surveyed Pink, Black, and White Terrace locations. They do not acknowledge my invitation, their project participation, access to PAWTL2 staff or my research reports; which jointly underlay their attempt to replicate our 2016-2018 reverse engineering of Hochstetter’s survey; in LW-2018a and LW2018b. Their GPR unit failed to penetrate to specified depths. Their attempted replication fails, after they experienced difficulties with interdisciplinary elements i.e., surveying, history, cartography, altimetry, and photo-interpretation (Bunn, 2019a,b). The cumulative errors in LW-2018a and LW2018b affect their resections and georeferencing, causing them to mislocate the Pink and White Terrace coordinates over today’s lake This leads LW-2018b to erroneously conclude the terraces are destroyed.
Finding the Gender of Personal Names and Finding the Effect of Gana on Personal Names with Long Short Term Memory

Naming a baby is a very integral part of our life. As well as, naming a business with an attractive and suitable name takes the first place in business world. In Asian countries, especially in Sri Lanka, people tend to follow rituals and customs introduced by astrology when naming a baby or a business. Because they believe that good luck can be achieved by following astrological concepts like ‘Mathra’ and ‘Gana’ in naming. As a result of that, people tend to spend more money in finding a suitable name which follows astrological concepts. Also, when naming a new born according to gender, parents think whether that name is suitable for their baby boy/girl or not. On the other hand, as web services grow, personal names have become one of the most abundant sources of data on the web. So, if one can predict or suggest proper gender for personal names; web or mobile applications can benefit from knowing each user’s gender. Research studies on predicting the gender of personal names and the effect of ‘Gana’ on personal names with deep learning algorithms have not been studied. Therefore, our main goal was to implement separate models for gender classification and finding the effect of ‘Gana’ on personal names (forenames/most use name) which are in text format using Recurrent Neural Networks. As a result of that, we developed two LSTMs (a special type of Recurrent Neural Networks) that produced promising results.
Mechanisms for the Cognitive Processing of Attractiveness in Adult and Infant Faces: From the Evolutionary Perspective

Research on the cognitive processing of facial attractiveness has mainly focused on adult faces. Recent studies have revealed that the cognitive processing of facial attractiveness in infant faces is not the same as that in adult faces. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the evidence on the processing of facial attractiveness in each kind of face and compare their underlying mechanisms. In this paper, we first reviewed studies on the cognitive processing of facial attractiveness in adult faces, including attentional and mnemonic processing, and then discussed the underlying mechanisms. Afterward, studies on facial attractiveness in infant faces were reviewed, and the underlying mechanisms were also discussed. Direct comparisons between the two kinds of cognitive processing were subsequently made. The results showed that the mechanisms for the processing of attractiveness in adult faces and infant faces are mainly motivated by the perspectives of mate selection and raising offspring, respectively, in evolutionary psychology. Finally, directions for future research are proposed.
Emotional Analysis Based on Dynamic Functional Brain Network

The human brain dynamically changes in the second and millisecond levels, so constructing a functional brain network using static connections can result in the absence of some time-related effective features. In this paper, a dynamic network model construction method is proposed. The basic idea of the proposed dynamic emotion analysis method is to construct different network modes based on the channel correlation mode and band power distribution method, and use the sliding window method to estimate the dynamic correlation mode and dynamic power distribution changes, Then the multivariate features of network-level brain dynamics are extracted and classified. We conducted experiments on the SEED database to study network-level dynamic transformations in the process of positive, neutral, and negative emotions. The results verify the feasibility of the emotional assessment method based on dynamic functional connection, and provide a new way to establishing brain dynamic model under different emotional states. The results show that emotion analysis based on dynamic networks is more accurate than static networks.
One-shot atomic detection

Feature selection in data science involves identifying the most prominent and uncorrelated features in the data, which can be useful for compression and interpretability. If these feature can be easily extracted, then a model can be trained over a reduced set of weights, which leads to more efficient training and possibly more robust classifiers. There are many approaches to feature selection; in this work, we propose screening the “atoms” of a gradient of a loss function taken at a random point. We illustrate this approach on sparse and low-rank optimization problems. Despite the simplicity of the approach, we are often able to select the dominant features easily, and greatly improve the runtime and robustness in training overparametrized models.
Identification of leading engineering performance drivers by a systems model

This paper aims to identify efficiency and effectiveness drivers that are associated with high performance in new product development (NPD). A methodology is presented that frames performance drivers by a systems model. It thereby outlines that leading indicators are needed to assess the product development process in a proactive manner. A systematic 5-step approach is described of how to find and develop appropriate performance measures. In a first step the systems architecture is developed by applying content analysis as a synthesis of a literature review from the fields of performance measurement, NPD success factors and project management. As a result, critical success factors from 20 publications could be clustered to 9 performance dimensions and 20 performance categories. All identified performance categories could be mapped within the developed systems model. The suggested systems model provides the necessary theoretical foundations for developing appropriate leading indicators.