Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus and the Risk of Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Cognitive Impairment in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

Background: Conflicting results have been reported about the status of diabetes mellitus as a risk for Alzheimer’s disease. We investigated the relationship between diabetes and incident dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular cognitive impairment) in a 5-year longitudinal study. Methods: Secondary analysis of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, a representative cohort study of dementia in older Canadians. Results: 5,574 subjects without cognitive impairment at baseline participated in 5-year follow-up. Diabetes mellitus at baseline was associated with incident vascular cognitive impairment (RR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.12–2.33) and its subtypes, vascular dementia (RR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.15–3.57), and vascular cognitive impairment not dementia (RR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.01–2.78). Diabetes was not associated with mixed Alzheimer’s/vascular dementia (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.34–2.21), incident Alzheimer’s disease (RR: 1.30; 95% CI: 0.83–2.03) or all dementias (RR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.90–1.76). Conclusions: Despite increased recognition of the role of vascular factors in Alzheimer’s disease, we did not find an association between diabetes and incident Alzheimer’s disease, even though diabetes was associated with incident vascular cognitive impairment.
Integrating GIS and Data Visualization Tools for Distributed Hydrologic Modeling

Distributed hydrologic models are an integral component of spatial decision support systems for watershed management. At these basin (and larger) scales, a common problem in hydrology and other environmental sciences arises from the need to cope with the increasingly sophisticated models and software tools that are used in the management, processing, and analysis of large volumes of data collected from advanced in situ and remote monitoring instruments. The diversity of these tools, and the need for experts and non‐experts alike to be able to easily use them, suggests a non‐trivial integration problem of building customized systems from disparate (and in many cases proprietary) components. In this paper we address the systems integration problem within the context of a study of surface‐subsurface‐atmosphere interactions involving soil moisture remote sensing and hydrologic simulation. The simple early steps that were taken highlight the role of the different components and tools in the integration effort. An alternative approach is presented for creating an integrated system, based on a data flow model with the modular components linked within a flexible framework. An example is developed based on established systems integration techniques from the field of computer aided design.
Ultrasonic imaging using a 5-MHz multilayer/single-layer hybrid array for increased signal-to-noise ratio

Conventional diagnostic ultrasound scanners are bulky and require significant amounts of electrical power during operation. Reducing the size, weight, and consumption of electrical power is made easier through the use of highly integrated compact transmit and receive electronics that may be incorporated in the transducer handle. This necessitates the use of low voltage transmitters and low power receive preamplifiers. Conventional scanners typically use approximately 100-V pulses during transmit; therefore, decreasing the transmit voltage to 15 V decreases the transmit sensitivity. Conventional receive electronics that are located at the scanner degrade the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because the array element cannot efficiently drive the coaxial cable. Transmit sensitivity and received SNR can be radically improved using a multilayer/single-layer hybrid array making integration of electronics into the transducer handle more feasible. In this paper, we discuss the design, fabrication, and testing of a 5-MHz hybrid linear array. The hybrid array included 16 multilayer transmit elements (10 /spl Omega/ impedance) and 24 single-layer receive elements at a half wavelength element pitch. Low voltage transmitters with an output resistance of 7 /spl Omega/ and high impedance JFET preamplifiers using 15 V for biasing were located adjacent to the hybrid array in the transducer handle. The transmit sensitivity and received SNR of the hybrid array were compared with a conventional array using 50-/spl Omega/ transmitters and receive preamplifiers at the scanner. The transmit sensitivity improved by 12.8 dB, and the received SNR improved by 7.8 dB, yielding an overall improvement of 20.6 dB, which compared well with predictions from the KLM model. Images of phantoms and in vivo images of the kidney obtained with the Siemens Model 1200 phased array system showed the increased SNR using the hybrid array. Estimates of penetration in tissue mimicking phantoms (/spl alpha/=0.5 dB/(cm MHz)) improved by 7 cm compared with the control.
Gender Differences in Young Adults With First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders at Baseline in the Danish OPUS Study

Gender differences in age at first onset, duration of untreated psychosis, psychopathology, social functioning, and self-esteem were investigated in a group of 578 young adults with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The mean age at first-onset of symptoms, age at first contact, and duration of untreated psychosis were similar for men and women. Men had more severe negative symptoms, poorer premorbid functioning, and poorer social networks, whereas women had more severe hallucinations. More men than women were substance abusers, were unemployed, and lived alone. Women had poorer self-esteem than men, in spite of better scores in functioning. Premorbid social adjustment was significantly related to the level of negative symptoms and number of friends. Conclusion is that men and women with first-episode psychosis showed different psychopathological characteristics and different social functioning, which cannot be explained by older age of onset for women. Women make more suicide attempts and experience lower self-esteem in spite of better social functioning.
Choc anaphylactique à la succinylcholine : revue de la littérature, analyse descriptive d’une augmentation d’incidence

Devant l’apparition recente d’une augmentation d’incidence et de declarations a la pharmacovigilance de chocs anaphylactiques a la succinylcholine dans differents hopitaux francais, cette etude fait le point sur les connaissances actuelles concernant les chocs allergiques a ce curare. Elle donne un exemple de pharmacovigilance en France. Ce travail fait l’analyse comparative de la litterature et recherche les hypotheses pouvant expliquer cette recrudescence significative. Materiel et methode : il s’agit d’une etude retrospective de 19 cas de chocs anaphylactiques a la succinylcholine survenus entre 2010 et 2013 dans 2 centres hospitalo universitaires francais. Les donnees des bilans diagnostics, biologiques immediats et des bilans allergologiques ont ete colliges. L’evolution hemodynamique, ventilatoire, ainsi que la prise en charge therapeutique de ces chocs ont ete extraits des consultations et des feuilles d’anesthesies. Resultats : 18 cas ont ete valides. Un cas a ete retire sur la negativite des tests cutanes. Deux cas n’ont pas effectue leurs tests cutanes et ont ete conserves sur la concordance clinico-biologique et l’absence de diagnostic differentiel. Il apparait une forte proportion de chocs graves avec 78% de grade III et 22% de grade IV. Parmi les patients, 39% avaient un terrain allergique. Les injections se font pour 61% dans le cadre de chirurgies programmees avec 28% en prevision d’une intubation difficile et 61% pour risque d’inhalation ou suspicion d’estomac plein. Le bronchospasme et le rash cutane sont souvent absents au profit des signes hemodynamiques. Quatre hypotheses sont avancees pour expliquer cette recrudescence de cas.
Ischemic optic neuropathy and high-level anticardiolipin antibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome

A 39-year-old woman with recurrent severe anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in the setting of Sjögren's syndrome was found to have high-titer IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) that were enhanced by the phospholipid-binding glycoprotein β2GP1. The recognition of IgM aCL-associated vasculopathy as a possible etiologic factor in the optic neuropathy in Sjögren's syndrome may be relevant in deciding appropriate therapy.
Multiregion DCIV: A Sensitive Tool for Characterizing the  $\hbox{Si/SiO}_{2}$ Interfaces in LDMOSFETs

By measuring the substrate current under the forward bias of source/drain-substrate junction, a multiregion direct current current-voltage (MR-DCIV) technique is used to characterize the interface trap density and location in shallow-trench-isolation (STI)-based laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. The interface traps in LDMOSFETs yielded sharp well-resolved peaks in MR-DCIV current spectra. The interface traps in STI region can be measured without inducing any potential damages on the gate oxide by this nondestructive characterization tool. This technique can provide not only across-wafer as-grown interface trap profile but also stress-induced defect information.
A routing architecture exploration for coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture with automated seu-tolerance evaluation

Coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures are promising components in future SoCs. They are advantageous over fine-grained FPGAs in terms of tolerance for Single-Event Upset (SEU) as well as area and energy efficiency because they have much smaller amount of configuration SRAMs. To establish a design methodology for coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture for specific application domain, this paper compares coarse-grained reconfigurable fabrics of different routing architectures and shows that reconfigurable architecture with excessive routing resources is not preferable when SEU-tolerance is more important than circuit area.
Point: humans do demonstrate selective brain cooling during hyperthermia.

Selective brain cooling (SBC) is defined by the International Union of Physiological Sciences ([11][1]) as “a lowering of the brain temperature either locally or as a whole below arterial blood temperature. ” Since the first observations of SBC in hyperthermic, nonhuman mammals ([1][2], [14][3
Sistema de reconocimiento de habla en español con adaptación al discurso

Resumen Este trabajo presenta un sistema de reconocimiento automatico de habla en idioma espanol de alto desempeno disenado para cumplir con dos objetivos. En primer lugar, lograr tasas de reconocimiento que sean comparables a los sistemas que son estado del arte en su tipo. En segundo lugar, evaluar el desempeno de un nuevo metodo de estimacion de modelos de lenguaje propuesto en un trabajo anterior por nuestro grupo. Los resultados muestran un porcentaje de reconocimiento cercano al 90% para un vocabulario de 5000 palabras, lo cual es del mismo orden que otros resultados reportados para sistemas de similares caracteristicas pero en idioma ingles. Tambien se verifico que el modelo de lenguaje basado en el estimador propuesto por nosotros mejora significativamente el desempeno del sistema comparado con otros dos modelos de lenguaje implementados con los mejores algoritmos conocidos.
Calidad de las aguas de drenaje de la Comunidad de Regantes V del Canal de las Bárdenas (Zaragoza)

Los flujos de retorno de la agricultura de regadio son una fuente potencial de contaminacion de las aguas y suelos cuyo impacto real es preciso cuantificar. En este trabajo se analizo la sstin~ead (CE) y concentracion de nitrato [NO~] de tos flujos de retomo de las 15.498 hectareas pertenecientes a la Comunidad V del canal de las Bardenas (Zaragoza). Durante el ano hidrologico 1999-2000 se muestrearon en 14 fechas un total de 49 puntos de la red de drenaje de dicha comunidad, 39 sobre desagues y 10 sobre rios. Las aguas de tos desagues se caracterizaron por un valor medio de CE bajo (0,84 dS m) y de concentracion de nitrato alto (54 mg L), mientras que las de los rios presentaron una CE media algo mas elevada (0,97 dS m) y una concentracion de nitrato mucho mas baja (27 mg L). La CE y la concentracion de nitrato fueron mayores en invierno que durante la colacion de riego, lo que indica una dilucion del agua de los desagues por tos sobranies de riego. Sin embargo, las masas de sales y nitrato exportadas a traves del rio Riguel fueron mas elevadas durante la estacion de riego debido a los mayores caudales de agua circulantes. El analisis factorial sobre las concentraciones de los iones principales medidos en las aguas de drenaje durante la estacion de no riego revelo la existencia de tres factores independientes ligados a la salinidad global (Mg2 , Na~, Cl y SO~), a la concentracion de Ca2~ y a la concentracion de NO3. La utilizacion de tecnicas de clasificacion automatica sobre las concentractones jonicas discrimino de forma consistente entre tos deoagttes que proceden de las terrazas altas (sosos), con valores bajos de CE (media 0,74 dS m) y RAS (relacion de adsorcion de sodio) (media 0,84 (mmot, L)O'), y los que drenan tas terrazas aluviales, que presentaron valores mas elevados de CE y RAS (CE media 1,17 dS m; RAS media 2,37 (mmot, L)>. '). Los flujos de retomo del riego de la comunidad V del canal de tas Barden05 se caracterizaron por unos valores bajos de salinidad y sodicidad, una acusada dilucion estival debida a tos sobrantes del riego y unas elevadas concentraciones de nitrato, razon por la cual tos futuros trabajos en esta comunidad deben concentrarse fundamentalmente en la mejora conjunto del riego y de la fertilizacion nitrogenada.
Patterns and Stability over Time of Older Adults' Diabetes-related Beliefs.

OBJECTIVES We sought to identify coherent profiles of diabetes beliefs within discrete domains (ie causes, symptoms, consequences, self management, and medical management), and delineate consistency of belief profiles over one month. METHODS Diabetes beliefs of rural-dwelling older adults were assessed with the Common Sense Model of Diabetes Inventory at baseline (N = 593) and one month later (N = 563). RESULTS A discrete number of belief patterns were identified in each belief domain using latent class analysis. Belief patterns varied by the extent to which more popular or folk notions of diabetes encroached on biomedical understandings of the disease. Belief patterns were generally stable over time. CONCLUSIONS A manageable number of belief patterns can be identified and used to strengthen patient-centered care and, potentially, enhance diabetes management.
Adaptive Data Update Management in Sensor Networks

Transmitting messages is by far the most energy-intensive t h ng hat most sensors do. We consider the problem of a sensor which regularly senses some parameter in its oper ating environment. Based on the value it knows to have been estimated at the base station (or other central i formation collation station) for that parameter, the actual sensed value, its remaining energy levels, and ot her quantities such as the time-to-go in the mission (if limited) or the anticipated energy inflow (if energy harv esting is used), it decides whether that sensed value is worth transmitting. We present heuristics to make this de cision and evaluate their performance.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades and Ethylene: Signaling, Biosynthesis, or Both?1

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades serve as important signaling pathways in all eukaryotic cells, as they link the perception of external stimuli to cellular responses. Since the discovery of CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1), a Raf-like MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), there has been
STING Specifies IRF3 Phosphorylation by TBK1 in the Cytosolic DNA Signaling Pathway

The adaptor protein STING recruits a kinase and a transcription factor to mediate responses to cytosolic DNA. Right Place and Right Context As part of the innate immune response, various pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR4, activate the kinase TBK1, which phosphorylates the transcription factor IRF3, leading to the production of type I interferons (IFNs). Tanaka and Chen used an in vitro reconstitution system to investigate the mechanism by which TBK1-mediated IRF3 activation occurs in response to the presence of cytosolic DNA from viruses or bacteria, a response that depends on the adaptor protein STING (see the Perspective by Bowie). Cytosolic DNA triggered the sequential recruitment of TBK1 and IRF3 to STING, which acted as a scaffold upon which TBK1 phosphorylated both STING and IRF3. Given that not all pattern recognition receptors that stimulate TBK1 lead to IRF3 activation, the authors suggest that STING specifies the activation of IRF3 by a subset of receptors that activate both TBK1 and STING—and that other adaptor proteins may fulfill similar roles in other innate immune pathways. Cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stimulates the production of type I interferon (IFN) through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–resident adaptor protein STING (stimulator of IFN genes), which activates the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3); however, how STING activates IRF3 is unclear. Here, we showed that STING stimulates phosphorylation of IRF3 by the kinase TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) in an in vitro reconstitution system. With this system, we identified a carboxyl-terminal region of STING that was both necessary and sufficient to activate TBK1 and stimulate the phosphorylation of IRF3. We also found that STING interacted with both TBK1 and IRF3 and that mutations in STING that selectively disrupted its binding to IRF3 abrogated phosphorylation of IRF3 without impairing the activation of TBK1. These results suggest that STING functions as a scaffold protein to specify and promote the phosphorylation of IRF3 by TBK1. This scaffolding function of STING (and possibly of other adaptor proteins) may explain why IRF3 is activated in only a subset of signaling pathways that activate TBK1.
Standstill and low speed sensorless control of SMPMSM by using digital FIR filter in the HF signal injection method

In this paper a sensorless speed vector control method at standstill and low speed in the Surface Mount Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SMPMSM) drive system is described. A high-frequency model of an SMPMSM in the rotor reference frame is developed based on a sensorless rotor speed estimation algorithm. Furthermore, a digital filter is used to reduce the delay effect of conventional analog filters. The coefficients of the digital filter are optimized by using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Also the speed and current PI controllers which are used in the vector control scheme are adjusted based on GA. Simulation results for a 370 V 2.8 Kw, 1500rpm SMPMSM confirm the good performances of the proposed method in standstill and low speed cases.
Estrategias de internacionalización en el sector del e-learning para instituciones de educación superior

Esta tesis plantea un estudio de la internacionalizacion de la Educacion Superior desde el punto de vista de las Universidades y del e-learning como estrategia competitiva, proponiendo un proceso de construccion de dicha estrategia competitiva a partir del analisis estrategico del sector que, ademas, plantea opciones que puedan servir de base para futuros estudios relacionadas con este sector de actividad en el ambito de la Educacion Superior. A este fin, en primer lugar se analiza el entorno en que se hallan inmersas las Universidades y que se caracteriza por una clara tendencia a la internacionalizacion de la Educacion Superior cuya muestra en Europa es el desarrollo del Espacio Europeo de Educacion Superior. Seguidamente, y como quiera que las TIC son uno de los habilitadores de este proceso transformador, se describe el proceso de incorporacion de las Tecnologias de la Informatica y las Comunicaciones a todos los ambitos de la actividad universitaria (docencia, investigacion y gestion) y sus consecuencias, para pasar a profundizar en su aplicacion al proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje. Posteriormente, y siguiendo las directrices de diseno de estrategias de aprendizaje flexible propuesto por la Australian National Training Autority, se propone un metodo de analisis estrategico del sector del e-learning en el ambito de la Educacion Superior a partir del cual se concluye con la identificacion de las bases para la construccion de una estrategia competitiva en un mercado internacionalizado de Educacion Superior, dejando la puerta abierta a estudios mas avanzados y profundos de las lineas generales planteadas. En este trabajo se pretende introducir un procedimiento sistematico de analisis que asista a las instituciones de Educacion Superior en la elaboracion de sus planes estrategicos y tacticos en cuanto a la formacion on-line se refiere, siempre con el objetivo de conseguir una posicion y una ventaja competitivas solidas y estables.
Association between the p53 codon 72 polymorphism and primary open-angle glaucoma risk: Meta-analysis based on 11 case–control studies

The TP53 is important in functions of cell cycle control, apoptosis, and maintenance of DNA integrity. Studies on the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) risk have yielded conflicting results. Published literature from PubMed and Web of Science databases was retrieved. All studies evaluating the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphisms and POAG were included. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Eleven separate studies including 2541 cases and 1844 controls were pooled in the meta-analysis. We did not detect a significant association between POAG risk and p53 codon 72 polymorphism overall population except allele genetic model (C vs. G: OR = 0.961, 95% CI = 0.961–0.820, P = 0.622). In the stratified analysis for Asians and Caucasians, there was an association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and POAG. In the dominant model in the overall population and by ethnicity subgroups, the highest elevated POAG risk was presented. In summary, these results indicate that p53 codon 72 polymorphism is likely an important genetic factor contributing to susceptibility of POAG. However, more case–controls studies based on larger sample size and stratified by ethnicity are suggested to further clarify the relationship between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and POAG.
The SI TEDx-UM speech database: a new Slovenian Spoken Language Resource

This paper presents a new Slovenian spoken language resource built from TEDx Talks. The speech database contains 242 talks in total duration of 54 hours. The annotation and transcription of acquired spoken material was generated automatically, applying acoustic segmentation and automatic speech recognition. The development and evaluation subset was also manually transcribed using the guidelines specified for the Slovenian GOS corpus. The manual transcriptions were used to evaluate the quality of unsupervised transcriptions. The average word error rate for the SI TEDx-UM evaluation subset was 50.7%, with out of vocabulary rate of 24% and language model perplexity of 390. The unsupervised transcriptions contain 372k tokens, where 32k of them were different.
Body conformation and morphometry of some internal organs of Pharaoh quail of different ages.

The effect of age of Pharaoh quail on body weight, body conformation and development of internal organs, including the digestive tract, was determined. At the age of 35 days, Pharaoh quail were characterized by significantly lower body weight, length of trunk with neck, and length of trunk compared to 45-day-old birds. Younger quail had slightly shorter breast bone and lower thighs, smaller chest girth, and the same length of shanks. Body conformation indices were significantly (P? 0.05) higher in 35-day-old birds. Pharaoh quail, evaluated at 35 and 45 days of age, did not differ significantly in the length of the oesophagus and crop, the length of intestine and its segments, and the weight and proportion of gizzard, proventriculus and heart. As birds aged, liver weight increased significantly, as did the weight and proportion of testicles in males.