Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Key-Sizes for Electronic Voting

A wide array of end-to-end (e2e) verifiable voting schemes have been proposed. A central feature of these schemes is that votes are encrypted and posted to a publicly accessible bulletin board. It has been observed that the encrypted votes persist indefinitely and can in principle be decrypted to reveal plaintext votes although this should be made infeasible through judicious selection of security parameters i.e. key-sizes. However, there is little discussion or consensus on the specific details of what constitutes an acceptable key-size in an e2e scheme. This paper attempts to discuss this question in detail. We believe that the general key-size estimations must be interpreted specifically when considering an application like e2e voting, especially in high stakes national elections. We discuss the implications of interpreting and applying these key-sizes recommendations to e2e schemes. We also make some comments to encourage a broader discussion and consensus on the issue of determining keysizes for e2e schemes and the challenges arising in transforming the theory of e2e schemes to practice.
Primary Platelet Signaling Cascades and Integrin-mediated Signaling Control ADP-ribosylation Factor (Arf) 6-GTP Levels during Platelet Activation and Aggregation*

Previous studies showed that ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is important for platelet function; however, little is known about which signaling events regulate this small GTP-binding protein. Arf6-GTP was monitored in platelets stimulated with a number of agonists (TRAP, thrombin, convulxin, collagen, PMA, thapsigargin, or A23187) and all led to a time-dependent decrease in Arf6-GTP. ADP and U46619 were without effect. Using inhibitors, it was shown that the decrease of Arf6-GTP is a direct consequence of known signaling cascades. Upon stimulation via PAR receptors, Arf6-GTP loss could be blocked by treatment with U-73122, BAPTA/AM, Ro-31-8220, or Gö6976, indicating requirements for phospholipase C, calcium, and protein kinase C (PKC) α/β, respectively. The Arf6-GTP decrease in convulxin-stimulated platelets showed similar requirements and was also sensitive to piceatannol, wortmannin, and LY294002, indicating additional requirements for Syk and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The convulxin-induced decrease was sensitive to both PKCα/β and δ inhibitors. Outside-in signaling, potentially via integrin engagement, caused a second wave of signaling that affected Arf6. Inclusion of RGDS peptides or EGTA, during activation, led to a biphasic response; Arf6-GTP levels partially recovered upon continued incubation. A similar response was seen in β3 integrin-null platelets. These data show that Arf6-GTP decreases in response to known signaling pathways associated with PAR and GPVI. They further reveal a second, aggregation-dependent, process that dampens Arf6-GTP recovery. This study demonstrates that the nucleotide state of Arf6 in platelets is regulated during the initial phases of activation and during the later stages of aggregation.
Software clustering based on omnipresent object detection

The detection of omnipresent objects can be an important aid to the process of understanding a large software system. As a result, various detection techniques have been presented in the literature. However, these techniques do not take the subsystem structure into account when deciding whether an object is omnipresent or not. In this paper, we present a new set of detection methods for omnipresent objects that maintain that an object needs to be connected to a large number of subsystems before it is deemed omnipresent. We compare this novel approach to existing ones. We also introduce a framework that can improve the effectiveness of existing software clustering algorithms by combining them with an omnipresent object detection method. Experiments with two large software systems demonstrate the usefulness of this framework.
Capital Budgeting Strategy and Performance of Projects in Kenya Rural Roads Authority

The study aimed at analyzing capital budgeting as a strategy for project performance in Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). It was guided by the following objectives: to establish the effects of policy on project performance, to find out the extent to which expertise affect project performance, and to establish the extent to which financial resources affect project performanceThe target population was 15 project managers and 15 financial managers of Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). Purposive sampling technique was used to select the project managers and financial managers to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire was developed and utilized in this study. Questionnaires were given to project managers and financial managers. The researcher conducted a multiple regression analysis so as to determine the relationship between the project management and variables of the study.
Securing Cloud and Mobility: A Practitioner's Guide

Although virtualization is a widely accepted technology, there are few books dedicated to virtualization and security. Filling this need, Securing Cloud and Mobility: A Practitioner’s Guide explains how to secure the multifaceted layers of private and public cloud deployments as well as mobility infrastructures. With comprehensive coverage that includes network, server, and endpoint security, it provides a strategic view of the security implications of virtualization and cloud computing.
Structure-guided de novo design of α-helical antimicrobial peptide with enhanced specificity

In the present study, the 26-residue peptide sequence Ac-KWKSFLKTFKSAKKTVLHTALKAISS-amide (peptide P) was utilized as the framework to study the effects of introducing hydrophilic amino acid lysine on the nonpolar face of the helix on peptide biological activities. Lysine residue was systematically used to substitute original hydrophobic amino acid at the selected locations on the nonpolar face of peptide P. In order to compensate for the loss of hydrophobicity caused by lysine substitution, leucine was also used to replace original alanine to increase peptide overall hydrophobicity. Hemolytic activity is correlated with peptide hydrophobicity. By introducing lysine on the nonpolar face, we significantly weaken peptide hemolytic activity as well as antimicrobial activity. However, by utilizing leucine to compensate the hydrophobicity, we improve antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Peptide self-association ability and hydrophobicity were also determined. This specific rational approach of peptide design could be a powerful method to optimize antimicrobial peptides with clinical potential as peptide antibiotics.
Assessment of a Cross-Disciplinary University Startup Accelerator

This paper focuses on the second year assessment results of Catalyze CU, a university startup accelerator at the University of Colorado Boulder. This annual intensive, 9-week program provides interdisciplinary, university-affiliated businesses with equity-free grants, mentorship, workspace, and prototyping capabilities. The program culminates in a demo day where companies give their business pitches to the local entrepreneurial community. The program model emulates professional startup accelerators in the entrepreneurial community while keeping in mind best practices from other university accelerators. The model is mentorship-based, focused on transitioning teams from early product concepts to start-up ready companies. Activities that are core to the Catalyze CU program include a full cohort update, individual team accountability meetings, skill-building workshops, mentor office hours, and social events. Assessment of Catalyze CU focused on goals related to the development of a university startup accelerator. Methodology for assessment included a pre-survey and post-survey given to program participants and one mid-point focus group, facilitated by a university assessment specialist. Results show success in reaching program goals and opportunities for improvement in reaching goals. The program received good feedback on its pitch practice support in particular. Suggested improvements for future Catalyze CU programing included better development of business and financial acumen, a stronger effort to involve the local entrepreneurial community, and an improved effort in teaching participating teams how to assess their own projects.
Formulation and evaluation of gum based matrix tablets of Lamivudine

The present investigation is aimed at formulating and evaluating gum based sustained release matrix tablets of Lamivudine using different natural polymers such as Guar gum, Xanthan gum, Rosin gum, Pectin, and Sodium alginate taken at 30%, 40% and 50% of the total weight of the tablet. Lamivudine is a potent hydrophilic anti viral agent indicated for treatment of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). It was found that the cumulative percent drug release decreased with increasing concentration of natural gums. All the formulations were able to retard the release of the drug beyond 18 hours except pectin and sodium alginate were unable to sustain the drug release from the matrix tablets. F5 (40% Xanthan Gum) formulation was selected as optimized formulation. The swelling study states that the swelling index was increased up to 6 hours and there after that the swelling index was decreased. No chemical interaction between Drug and the gum were seen as confirmed by FT-IR studies. Thus, sustained release matrix tablets of Lamivudine using natural Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers were successfully formulated, evaluated and found to be suitable candidates in extending the release of the drug from the matrix tablets.
Early life influences on adult leg and trunk length in the 1958 British birth cohort

Objectives: Short leg length has been associated with increased disease risk. We investigated (1) whether taller childhood stature predicts longer adult leg than trunk length; (2) the effects of early life factors on adult leg/trunk length. Methods: We used data from the 1958 British birth cohort on height in childhood and at 45 years, leg and trunk length at 45 years and early life factors (n≈ 5,900). Results: For a SD increase in height at 7 years, adult leg length increased more than trunk length (2.5–2.8 cm vs. 1.9 cm). Parental height had a stronger association with adult than childhood height, and leg than trunk length. Prenatal factors were associated with leg (maternal smoking) and trunk length (birth order); birth weight had a similar effect on leg and trunk lengths. Large family size, overcrowding, and social housing were more strongly associated with leg than trunk length: deficits in adult height (0.4–0.8 cm) were mostly due to shorter legs. Conclusions: Socio‐economic adversity in childhood is associated with delayed early growth, shorter adult leg length, and stature. Leg length is the height component most sensitive to early environment. Studies of early life and adult disease could usefully assess adult leg length in addition to height. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FPGA realization of a high-performance servo controller for PMSM

This paper proposes a fully digitized hardware design scheme of a vector-controlled servo controller, which is verified and implemented on one-chip field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), for high-performance servo drives of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). This scheme integrates the vector control strategy, the M/T speed measurement algorithm, the PI regulating technique and the SVPWM principle as well as the EDA design methodology, and it will be a good substitute for traditional PMSM drives practice. The realized control IC also contains a standard host communication interface, which enables the on-line configuration for all kinds of control parameters. The actual sample frequencies of the torque loop and the speed loop are limited by the selected FPGA; with respect to the Altera FPGA prototype mentioned in this paper, the two loops can respectively obtain a sample frequency of 40kHz and 20kHz as well as a bandwidth of 5 kHz and 400 Hz. Experimental results indicate that the controller can provide a controllable speed range from 0.2 RPM to 10,000 RPM with satisfactory dynamic and static performances.
Chapter 6 Organizational innovation and outcomes in SMEs

This study examines organizational innovation in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and develops an extensive framework of how innovation occurs, its end results in terms of positive, negative outcomes, and its impacts on business financial performance; using grounded methodology; interviews with entrepreneurs and executive experts from across industries. The study aims to fill gaps in the literature. Despite extensive research conducted on innovation, most focus on factors behind innovation and a company's innovativeness. The framework is useful to SMEs considering company-wide innovation. Transparent inputs and outputs enable companies to understand innovation processes, and its outcomes better as well as help monitor and implement individual innovation activities. The framework has a wide application, particularly, in an industry where innovation is hard to capture and understand. Using the model, we can determine innovation drivers, practices, and barriers as well as innovation inputs/outputs in different industries, thus promoting better management of innovation across a wide range of applications. Governments also require a better understanding of innovation, productivity, and operational efficiency to plan their policies in the promotion of innovation.
Impact Of Demographics On The Consumption Of Different Services Online In India

The role of Internet is becoming inevitable to corporate and society. Across the world, governments and corporate are increasingly working towards the better utilization of the internet. The Internet which was initially perceived as a communication media is now metamorphosing into a powerful business media. The late 20 and early 21 st century witnessed the entry and exit of the dot.com companies. The internet motivated many brick & mortar companies to use the Internet to sell products/services online and found negative outcomes as the companies failed to understand the internet buyer behavior and could not figure out the categories of services the Internet users intend to buy. In offline marketing, demographics plays a vital role in understanding buying behavior of consumers belong to different segments which would enable companies to develop products/services according to their specific requirements. Internet is a medium which does not offer this luxury to companies to know the profile of Internet users as it is an indirect medium. The companies would do well if they could find the demographic profile of Internet users which would help them devise strategies accordingly. Hence, the author conducted an extensive primary research in Bangalore, India (Silicon Valley of India) in order to identify the willingness of Internet users to buy different services over Internet. The paper aims at providing a specific focus to identify the impact of demographics in influencing Indian Internet users in consuming different services online. The outcomes would help the corporate world to understand the importance of demographics on online purchase which could be adopted and deployed for better use.
A Liquid-Level Sensing Technique Based on Differential Detection of Correlation Peaks From Broadband Chaos

A highly sensitive liquid-level sensing technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Two narrowband fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with high reflectivity are used to filter out the two light signals from the broadband chaos. Two weak FBGs are served respectively as the liquid-level sensors at two different sensing points. The change of liquid-level will induce the wavelength shift of the weak FBGs, which can be demodulated through calculating the amplitude difference in the logarithm of two cascaded correlation peaks in the cross-correlation spectrum. Adopting the differential calculation of the cascaded correlation peak amplitudes can avoid the complex wavelength detection and enhance the robustness against the power variation of the broadband chaos. Our method can also support the simultaneous multiplexing and locating with high resolution from the time delays of the corresponding correlation peaks. Experimental results show that the liquid level changes linearly with the relative peak amplitude difference in the logarithm and the sensitivity is around 0.019/mm. The sensing resolution of liquid-level can reach at least 3 mm, and the relative resolution is around 0.055. Moreover, the real-time fiber fault monitoring can be achieved with a spatial resolution of around 2.8 cm, which improves the survivability in harsh environment.
A Study: Impact of Interactive Posting in Social Site

: Now a day, social sites are getting popularity in every age person because of its easy install, interface, access and update. In future, there are two biggest challenges with respect to digitalization. First is a usage of internet and second is spending time in using internet. After spending maximum time, still there is question in mind that is user analyzing, learning, getting knowledge from received message by any means. In general, there is no creativity and just user are wasting time, money of their as well as others. In this paper, this challenges and objectives: utilization and productivity, has been highlighted, studied and discussed.
Human embryonic stem cells: prospects for development

It is widely anticipated that human embryonic stem (ES) cells will serve as an experimental model for studying early development in our species, and, conversely, that studies of development in model systems, the mouse in particular, will inform our efforts to manipulate human stem cells in vitro. A comparison of primate and mouse ES cells suggests that a common underlying blueprint for the pluripotent state has undergone significant species-specific modification. As we discuss here, technical advances in the propagation and manipulation of human ES cells have improved our understanding of their growth and differentiation, providing the potential to investigate early human development and to develop new clinical therapies.
Predicting postoperative voiding efficiency after operation for incontinence and prolapse.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the postoperative postvoid residual volume that predicts a voiding efficiency after operation for incontinence and prolapse. STUDY DESIGN Ninety-nine patients met the criteria for inclusion. The patients' bladders were filled retrograde through gravity, through a Foley catheter, with 300 mL of sterile water, or by subjective fullness. The catheter was then removed, and the patient was asked to void spontaneously into a measured urine collection device ("Texas hat"). A postvoid residual was then calculated (amount voided minus amount inserted). The Foley catheter was reinserted for patients with a postvoid residual of >50%. These patients were instructed to follow-up in the office in 1 week, at which time the test was repeated. This process continued until the patient had a postvoid residual of < or = 50% or was taught intermittent self-catheterization. RESULTS Ninety patients were available for follow-up. The overall failure rate (defined as cases that required reinsertion of a catheter) was 7.8%. No patient with a postvoid residual of < or = 32% required reinsertion of a catheter. CONCLUSION With the use of this simple bedside test, voiding efficiency was predicted in 92% of patients who voided > or = 50% of the amount inserted and in 100% of patients who voided > or = 68%.
Problem Finding and Solving: A Knowledge-Based View of Managing Innovation

This chapter briefly reviews several conversations regarding managing innovation. We seek to identify trends and promising directions for both scholars and managers. In particular, we argue for a connection between the role of knowledge in innovation, creation and management, and the emerging problem finding/problem solving literature—a recent development with strong potential for shedding light innovation management. The transition from an industrial to an information economy has had notable effects on the ways in which companies operate and seek to establish stronger competitive positions. While the industrial economy was to a large extent driven by economies of scale, the rise of the information/ services economy has made it natural to put more aBstract
A Stability Result for Families with Fixed Diameter

Let $\mathcal F$ ⊂ 2[n] be a family of subsets. The diameter of $\mathcal F$ is the maximum of the size of symmetric differences among pairs of members of $\mathcal F$ . In 1966 Kleitman determined the maximum of | $\mathcal F$ | for fixed diameter. However, this important classical result lacked a characterization of the families meeting the bound. This is remedied in the present paper, where a best possible stability result is established as well. In Section 4 we introduce a ‘parity trick’ that provides an easy way of deducing the odd case from the even case in both Kleitman's original theorem and its stability version.
Complex permittivity characteristics of epoxy nanocomposites at low frequencies

The complex permittivity characteristics of epoxy nanocomposite systems were examined and an attempt has been made to understand the underlying physics governing some of the unique macroscopic dielectric behaviors. The experimental investigations were performed using two different nanocomposite systems with low filler concentrations over the frequency range of 10-2-400 Hz, but for some cases, the data has been reported upto 106 Hz for a better understanding of the behaviors. Results demonstrate that nanocomposites do possess unique permittivity behaviors as compared to those already known for unfilled polymer and microcomposite systems. The nanocomposite real permittivity and tanδ values are found to be lower than that of unfilled epoxy. In addition, results show that interfacial polarization and charge carrier mobilities are suppressed in epoxy nanocomposite systems. The complex permittivity spectra coupled with the ac conductivity characteristics with respect to frequency was found to be sufficient to identify several of the nanocomposite characteristics like the reduction in permittivity values, reduction in the interfacial polarization mechanisms and the electrical conduction behaviors. Analysis of the results are also performed using electric modulus formalisms and it has been seen that the nanocomposite dielectric behaviors at low frequencies can also be explained clearly using this formalism.
A 24-GHz single-to-differential LNA for K-band receiver applications

In this paper, a 24 GHz single-to-differential LNA for K-band receiver applications is presented. The proposed 24 GHz single-to-differential LNA is composed of three stages: two cascode stages and one active balun stage. To reduce the power dissipation of the circuit, the first two-stage is utilized as single-end signal and the last stage is composed of common-source combined with common-gate to transform the single-end signal to differential signal. The proposed LNA is implemented through TSMC 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS process. Simulation results show that the proposed LNA can get 18.4 dB voltage gain, 4.5 dB NF at 24 GHz with 11.8 mA current consumption. Comparison between this work and those published has been given for its feasibility. It's shown that this proposed LNA is very suitable for K-band receiver applications.