Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Catching Up, Structural Transformation, and Inequality: Lessons from Asia

While structural transformation, driven by technological progress, productivity growth, and capital deepening, has contributed to Asia’s sustained rapid growth, its effect on income inequality is uncertain. The central objective of our paper is to empirically examine the effect of structural change on wage inequality in Asia, using industry-level data for three skill groups of workers. Our evidence indicates that structural change, pushed by productivity catch-up with advanced economies, capital deepness, and the shift of the economic structures to more skill-intensive industries, has exacerbated inequality in the region. However, we also find that policy responses, especially investment in education matching the higher demand for skills and competitive exchange rates, can mitigate the increase in inequality.
Remittances, rituals and reconsidering women's norms in mahallas: emigrant labour and its social effects in Ferghana Valley

This paper describes recent economic and social changes in Central Asian neighbourhood communities known as mahallas, using data from a town in Ferghana Valley. First, it examines how the increasing costs of life-cycle rituals are damaging the harmony of mahallas. Since 2007, more and more hosts have begun to outsource the provision of food and services for these rituals, using money acquired mostly through emigrant labour. This in turn lessens mahallas’ mutual aid practices, and reveals emerging economic disparities between neighbours. Secondly, the paper argues that emigration has had transformative effects on the lifestyles of Muslim women in mahallas. With the globalization of their economy, conventional local norms are becoming harder to obey, and some young and middle-aged women are choosing to live outside these norms. Dependence on emigrant labour and the associated remittances has significantly affected the lifestyles and morals of mahalla inhabitants.
The effect of Cr3+ doping on the crystalline perfection and optical properties of zinc tris(thiourea)sulfate, a nonlinear optical material

A study of the effect of Cr3+ doping in zinc tris(thiourea)sulfate (ZTS, a well known nonlinear optical material) single crystals on crystalline perfection and optical properties was carried out. Pure and chromium-doped (1 and 2 mol%) ZTS single crystals were grown by the slow evaporation solution technique. The actual concentration of chromium incorporated into the crystal lattice was found to be different, as evaluated by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) analysis revealed that chromium doping led to the creation of vacancies in the grown single crystals. The photolumin-escence emission spectra of pure and doped crystals supported the HRXRD findings. The optical band gap of the single crystals increased as a result of the Cr3+ doping, but their transparency in the visible region decreased. The doped crystals exhibited higher linear refractive indices than the pure crystals. The optical dielectric constant ("), the extinction coefficient (k), the average single- oscillator energy for electronic transitions (Eo) and the oscillator strength (Ed) were evaluated for ZTS single crystals and significant changes were observed in these parameters due to the Cr3+ doping.
Increasing Eupopulism as a megatrend in east central Europe: from facade democracies to velvet dictatorships

Abstract Brexit and Donald Trump’s victory in the 2016 US presidential election has launched a wave of discussions in the international media and political science literature on “authoritarian populism” and a “populist explosion. ” Although this paper also reflects on this new wave of populism in the West, it concentrates on the connections between democracy’s decline and the so-called populist explosion in eastern central Europe (ECE) and closely investigates the Hungarian case within the context of ECE. This paper describes populism in ECE as a product of the transition from fading facade democracies to emerging velvet dictatorships. These velvet dictatorships rely on the soft power of media and communication rather on the hard power of state violence. Paradoxically, the ruling anti-elite populist parties have developed a system of populism from above, managed by the new politico-business elite. Populism (social and national) and Euroscepticism are the two most basic, and twin, terms used to describe these new (semi)authoritarian regimes. Populism and Euroscepticism are convertible; they are two sides of the same coin as they express the same divergence from the EU mainstream. Therefore, this paper introduces the term: Eupopulism.
Conservation Characteristics and Nutritive Value of Sunflower Silages as Affected by The Maturity Stages and Fibrolytic Enzymes

Silage quality and nutritive value of sunflower silages ensiled with different level of fibrolytic enzymes at blooming, milk and dough stages were investigated. Fibrolytic enzyme complex (Viscozyme® L, V2010 Sigma Novozyme) was applied 0, 1, 1.5 and 2.5 ml/kgDM at ensiling. The dry matter (DM) yield increased with each increment of the maturity stage. Dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE) and crude cellulose (CC) contents of silages increased also in each delay in harvesting, while crude protein (CP), NDF and ADF contents of silages were the highest in blooming stage. The pH was higher in sunflower silage harvested at dough stage when compared to blooming stage, while acetic, propionic and butyric acid concentrations were all higher in blooming stage, although there were no differences in lactic acid concentrations among harvesting periods. Although silage structural carbohydrate composition was not significantly affected by any enzyme dose, Dose III enzyme treatment at the dough was associated with the highest concentration of lactic acid. Overall, there was no profound effect of enzyme supplementation on nutritive value and silage characteristics of sunflower silage.
Examining the Predictors of Mental Health Outcomes Among Undergraduate Postsecondary Students in Canada

Brooke Linden is now at the Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. The survey was conducted with the financial support of the Department of Sociology and Social Studies at the University of Regina. We wish to thank the three anonymous reviewers for several useful suggestions that were incorporated into this manuscript. We thank Philip Linden for his editorial assistance. Examining the Predictors of Mental Health Outcomes Among Undergraduate Postsecondary Students in Canada
The effects of climatic conditions and geographical locations on the volatile flavor compounds of fig ( Ficus carica L.) fruit from Iran

The effects of climatic conditions and geographical locations on the volatile flavor compounds of Ficus carica fruit were investigated in this study. Fruit flavor compounds were extracted by using ultrasound (US) water bath apparatus and eluted by n-pentane, diethyl ether (1:2) solvent and then analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Fifty-one fruit compounds and fifty fruit compounds in the Garmsar and Karaj location, respectively including aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and other compounds were indentified and quantified. The major flavor compounds of F. carica fruit obtained from Garmsar and Karaj location were P-cymene, decanol, carvacrol, tricosane, tetracosane, pentacosane, heptacosane, octacosane and nonacosane. Compared with Karaj location, Garmsar showed the highest content of aldehydes and alcohols. Since the aldehydes and alcohols content of F. carica fruit is considered as one of the more important indicators of high quality; climatic conditions and geographical locations apparently have a profound influence on F. carica volatile quality. Key words : Ficus carica L . , fig fruit, flavor compounds, climatic conditions, geographical locations, ultrasound.
Design and Application of A New Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm for Flow Shop Scheduling

a new heuristic algorithm was designed by combining with Johnson method, NEH method and characteristics of scheduling, and it was implemented on MATLAB. The efficiency of the new algorithm was tested through eight Car questions and two Hel questions of Benchmark problems, and the results revealed that the new heuristic algorithm was better than the other three heuristic algorithms. Further more; the application of this heuristic algorithm in the intelligent algorithm especially in the genetic algorithms (GA) was discussed. Two GAs were designed for Flow Shop question, and they had the same processes and the same parameters. The only difference is in the production of the initial population. One GA's initial population is optimized by the new heuristic algorithm, and the other whose initial population is randomly generated entirely. Finally, through the test of eight Car questions, it is demonstrated that the heuristic algorithm can indeed improve efficiency and quality of genetic algorithm because the heuristic algorithm can improve the initial population of GA.
Effect of solar soft X‐rays on the lower ionosphere

New measurements of solar irradiance in the soft X‐ray region of the spectrum from the SNOE satellite [Bailey et al., 2000] show that the full‐disk solar irradiance in the ∼2–20 nm region is higher than a standard model [ Hinteregger et al., 1981] by a factor of ∼4 at all levels of solar activity. This confirms contentions developed from several lines of evidence, [e.g., Richards and Torr, 1984; Richards et al., 1994] but to a larger degree than previously suspected. This finding has many implications for the thermosphere and ionosphere, two of which are examined here. Greatly improved agreement between measurement and model of the photoelectron spectrum is obtained when the solar soft X‐ray input is adjusted to the SNOE measurements. We also found good agreement between electron density profiles measured by the incoherent scatter radar at Millstone Hill [ Buonsanto et al., 1992] and our model, solving a fundamental problem identified in that work.
Advagraf vs. Prograf Immunosuppressive Therapy in De Novo Kidney Transplant: A Single Center Experience

Background: Short-term results of renal transplantation have shown a drastic improvement over time mainly due to changes in immunosuppressive therapy. Non-compliance to therapy is one of the causes of graft loss. Tacrolimus is a cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy: recently became available Tacrolimus once a day formulation (Advagraf) that could improve the compliance of patients to immunosuppressive therapy. Few are published data about its use in clinical practice. We therefore compared the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of once-daily formulation compared to the classic twice-daily dosing tacrolimus in de novo kidney transplant patients. Methods: Retrospectively evaluation of 30 de novo transplant recipients treated with Advagraf in 2009-2012 (on dose daily of 0.2-0.3 mg/kg) and 30 treated with Prograf (2 doses daily of 0.2 mg /kg). Comparison between the two groups regarding drugs dose, blood level and clinical variables. Result: Both Advagraf and Prograf patients reached the drug target level, even if initially with a higher drug dose for Advagraf. Creatinine levels were initially higher in Advagraf group, no differences are detectable two weeks after transplant. There were no differences between groups for rejection episodes, graft loss and adverse events. Lipid metabolism was significantly better in Advagraf patients. Discussion: Advagraf confirm to offer a similar short-term efficacy compared with the twice a day administration in de novo kidney transplant, with a higher drug dose compared to tacrolimus. The safety profile is comparable with twice-daily administration. Interestingly a better lipid metabolism is present in Advagraf group.
Performance and ultrasound measurements of beef cattle fed diets based on whole corn or oats grains

This study intended to contrast dietary effects of whole grain oats versus corn included in rations with moderate roughage content on animal performance, beef ultrasound measurements, rumen and blood parameters. Ten Aberdeen Angus steers (203 kg) in individual pens were fed twice daily on either whole oats (OD) or corn (CD) based diets. Measurements were: DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed to gain ratio (F/G); back fat (BF) and rib eye area (RA); blood parameters. Four cannulated steers were used to study rumen pH, NH3-N and grain degradability. Rations dietary components were 55% grain, 30.1% barley straw, and 10.6% whole soybeans. Despite calculated higher ME supply (P = 0.0887) no differences were found for DMI, ADG, or F/G. Metabolizable protein intake (19.4%) was larger and degradable protein intake (43.3%) smaller for CD compared with OD (P < 0.01). The growth rate (cm2 d-1) for RA was 40% grater for OD, but larger BF deposition (P = 0.0787) was found for CD. Blood Mg was higher for OD (p = 0.0564), nevertheless other blood parameters remained unaffected. Rumen pH and NH3-N were not influenced by diet, variations were only observed within time periods. Rumen pH decreased linearly from 7.05 to 6.13 and 7.11 to 6.37 for OD and CD respectively (P < 0.05). Minimum NH3-N concentrations (mg dL-1) were reached 12 and 18 h after morning meal for OD (7.10) and CD (5.82) respectively. Rumen degradation was larger for oats than corn. Whole oats rather than corn fed up to 55% of total DM seems to improve protein deposition, without significant changes in animal performance, rumen environment or blood parameters.
Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses in seismic risk assessments on the example of Cologne, Germany

Abstract. Both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties associated with different sources and components of risk (hazard, exposure, vulnerability) are present at each step of seismic risk assessments. All individual sources of uncertainty contribute to the total uncertainty, which might be very high and, within the decision-making context, may therefore lead to either very conservative and expensive decisions or the perception of considerable risk. When anatomizing the structure of the total uncertainty, it is therefore important to propagate the different individual uncertainties through the computational chain and to quantify their contribution to the total value of risk. The present study analyses different uncertainties associated with the hazard, vulnerability and loss components by the use of logic trees. The emphasis is on the analysis of epistemic uncertainties, which represent the reducible part of the total uncertainty, including a sensitivity analysis of the resulting seismic risk assessments with regard to the different uncertainty sources. This investigation, being a part of the EU FP7 project MATRIX (New Multi-Hazard and Multi-Risk Assessment Methods for Europe), is carried out for the example of, and with reference to, the conditions of the city of Cologne, Germany, which is one of the MATRIX test cases. At the same time, this particular study does not aim to revise nor to refine the hazard and risk level for Cologne; it is rather to show how large are the existing uncertainties and how they can influence seismic risk estimates, especially in less well-studied areas, if hazard and risk models adapted from other regions are used.
Classification of Gandhian Non-Governmental Organizations with a Focus on Organizational Culture: Case Studies from the Northern States of India

This qualitative study provides a comparative overview of the Gandhian NGOs in Northern Indian States. Utilizing the data collected from 22 Gandhian NGOs from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, and Orissa, this paper attempts to classify these NGOs into various categories according to their organizational culture, development approach and strategies. By categorizing Gandhian NGOs, the present paper provides a framework to understand their organizational characteristics, the constraints faced by them, and the strategies they are employing for survival. The study concludes that Gandhian NGOs in Northern India 北インドにおけるガンディー系非政府組織(NGO)の考察―組織文化の視点から
Laimaphelenchus Heidelbergi SP. NOV.(Nematoda: Aphelenchina) From Victoria, Australia, and Emendment of the Diagnosis of the Genus

Summary Laimaphelenchus heidelbergi sp. nov. is described from wood of the exotic pine, Pinus radiata, from Heidelberg Park, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia. This is the third record of Laimaphelenchus from Australia. The new species is characterised by having a unique tail structure, with a single tubercle with many tiny projections visible only with scanning electron microscopy, and the male has a spicule with two small protrusions on the ventral side about 2 µm from the distal end. The diagnosis of the genus is emended.
Formability and FEM Simulation of Steel Sheets in the Hot Stamping Process

Production of parts by means of hot stamping process has increased. Applications of hot stamping contribute to the weight reduction of automobiles by the production of parts with both high strength and excellent shape fixability. In this report, basic formability and FEM analysis of hot stamping were presented. In addition, the corrosion resistance of hot stamped aluminized steels was discussed.
A Threshold Model of Urban Development

A significant portion of the world’s forests that are eligible for Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, known as REDD , payments are community managed forests. However, there is little knowledge about preferences of households living in community managed forests for REDD contracts, or the opportunity costs of accepting REDD contracts for these communities. This paper uses a choice experiment survey of rural communities in Nepal to understand respondents’ preferences toward the institutional structure of REDD contracts. The sample is split across communities with community managed forests groups and those without community managed forest groups to see how prior involvement in community managed forest groups affects preferences. The results show that respondents care about how the payments are divided between households and communities, the severity of restrictions on firewood use, the restrictions on grazing, and the fairness of access to community managed forest resources as well as the level of payments. The preferences for REDD contracts are in general similar between community managed and non-community managed forest resource respondents, but there are differences, in particular with regard to how beliefs influence the likelihood of accepting the contracts. Finally, the paper finds that the opportunity cost of REDD payments, although cheaper than many other carbon dioxide abatement options, is higher than previously suggested in the literature.
The Effect of Organizational Governance on the Performance and Commitment of the Lecturers

Improved in performance requires high quality of commitment from every individual in the organization. Increased in commitment can improved worker’s performance and reduce their desire to walk out from the organization. Increased in commitment can be done with corporate governance that include transparency, accountability, fairness and social responsibility. This research was conducted in two private universities in Jakarta with a sample of 120 lecturers. The results showed that, variables in transparency, accountability, and fairness have a positive effect on lecturers’ commitment, meanwhile variables in social responsibility, transparency, and accountability have a positive effect on their performance. To improve Indonesian worker’s performance in the future, the aspects of transparency and accountability from the individual are needed, and also the social aspect in the form of social responsibility. Keywords: governance, transparency, accountability, fairness, social responsibility, commitment and performance
Recovery of Microwave-Digital Signal Integrity with NGD Circuits

This paper presents an equalization technique of analogue digital or mixe d signals disturbe d by e lectromagnetic inte rfere nce (EMI) and e lectromagne tic compatibility (EMC) e ffects by using ne gative group de lay (NGD) circuit. The basic principle illustrating the mechanism of the equalization technique thanks to the NGD function is e xplaine d. To illustrate the ef ficie ncy of the technique unde rstudy, an equalization of RC-e ffect is pe rforme d. According to the fre que ncy- and time -domain analyses, a possibility of the distorte d signal reconstruction is de monstrate d e xpe rimentally and by simulations. To confirm the propose d technique e fficie ncy and re liability, the re duction of rise/fall-time and propagation de lay in re lative value more than 90 % is pe rforme d by using trape zoidal signal with 1 Gbit/s rate. It is state d that this technique allows re ducing the signal de lays . The technique propose d is use ful for the microe lectronic systems application.
Psychological Well-Being Among Latter-day Saint Polynesian American Emerging Adults

Psychological Well-Being Among Latter-day Saint Polynesian American Emerging Adults Melissa Lynn Balan Aiono Department of Counseling Psychology and Special Education, BYU Educational Specialist There is a dearth of psychological research with Polynesian populations in the United States Research on this population is needed to meet the demands of this increasingly growing population. This study aims to investigate the psychological well-being of an understudied Latter-day Saint (LDS) Polynesian American emerging adult group in order to better provide them with cultural-specific professional psychological services. The sample included 327 LDS Polynesian American emerging adults ranging from 18 to 26 years of age (191 females, 136 males). Specifically, this study examines the associations among coping strategies, religiosity, ethnic identity, depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. An online questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and path analyses were conducted to examine relationships among variables. The results yield findings that are unique to this specific population. This study’s results found family support, religiosity, and ethnic identity to be influential among LDS Polynesian emerging adults with regards to their psychological well-being. As this study mentions, identifying and recognizing the influential cultural values on well-being for this population can contribute to assisting mental health professionals provide culturally sensitive and appropriate interventions for their LDS Polynesian American emerging adult clients.
The crafting of an (un)enterprising community: Context and the social practice of talk

This article examines a ‘deprived’ UK community to identify how (dis)connections between context and enterprise are produced within accounts of a particular locality. We used a discursive psychological approach to examine how the community depicted itself as a context for enterprise. Our analysis identified three discursive repertoires mobilised by a range of voices in the community which combined to portray an unenterprising community and create a conceptual deadlock for enterprise. We suggest it is too deterministic to assume context is fixed and controls the potential for entrepreneurial development. Instead, we should consider social practices, including talk, that help construct the contexts in which entrepreneurship is expected to occur.