Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-Based Mechanical Adaptation of Achilles Tendon After 12-Week Running with Minimalist Shoes

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-week running program using minimalist shoes on ultrasoundbased mechanical adaptation of Achilles tendon (AT). Fifteen male recreational runners accustomed to run in standard cushioned shoes with rearfoot strike pattern were recruited. They were required to wear minimalist shoes without a compulsory transition in foot strike pattern, and be involved in a 12-week running program. Before and after the intervention, the cross-sectional area of AT was collected in the prone position via an ultrasound device. The ankle plantarflexion moment, recorded on an isokinetic dynamometer, was synchronized to the image changes in vivo AT length. Intraclass correlation coefficient was determined to evaluate the intraand interobserver variabilities. Paired t-test was used to quantify the effects of training program (pre- and posttraining) on each variable of the cross-sectional area, AT force, AT stress, and AT strain during an isometric contraction. Seven participants dropped out after the intervention. The results showed that the intraclass correlation coefficients for the intra- and interobserver reliabilities were good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.895–0.996) for the cross-sectional area and elongation. After 12-week running with minimalist shoes, plantarflexion moment, AT force, AT stress, and AT strain significantly increased during an isometric contraction (P < 0.05). The mechanical adaptation of AT improved after 12-week running with minimalist shoes by more efficient energy storage and release, which could prevent or reduce the risk of injury potentially.
Adaptive Capacities for Diversified Flood Risk Management Strategies: Learning from Pilot Projects

Diversification of flood risk management strategies (FRMS) in response to climate change relies on the adaptive capacities of institutions. Although adaptive capacities enable flexibility and adjustment, more empirical research is needed to better grasp the role of adaptive capacities to accommodate expected climate change effects. This paper presents an analytical framework based on the Adaptive Capacity Wheel (ACW) and Triple-loop Learning. The framework is applied to evaluate the adaptive capacities that were missing, employed, and developed throughout the ‘Alblasserwaard-Vijfheerenlanden’ (The Netherlands) and the ‘Wesermarsch’ (Germany) pilot projects. Evaluations were performed using questionnaires, interviews, and focus groups. From the 22 capacities of ACW, three capacities were identified important for diversifying the current FRMS; the capacity to develop a greater variety of solutions, continuous access to information about diversified FRMS, and collaborative leadership. Hardly any capacities related to ‘learning’ and ‘governance’ were mentioned by the stakeholders. From a further reflection on the data, we inferred that the pilot projects performed single-loop learning (incremental learning: ‘are we doing what we do right? ’), rather than double-loop learning (reframing: ‘are we doing the right things? ’). As the development of the framework is part of ongoing research, some directions for improvement are highlighted.
Effects of Supplemental Light Source on Basil, Dill, and Parsley Growth, Morphology, Aroma, and Flavor

Broad-spectrum high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps are the standard for greenhouse supplemental lighting. However, narrow-spectra light-emitting diodes (LEDs) offer potential benefits for enhancing growth, photosynthesis (Pn), and secondary metabolites in culinary herbs. Our objective was to quantify the effect of supplemental light source and spectra on growth, gas exchange, aroma, and flavor of culinary herbs. Basil (Ocimum basilicum ‘Nufar’), dill (Anethum graveolens ‘Fernleaf’), and parsley (Petroselinum crispum ‘Giant of Italy’) were transplanted into hydroponic systems in a glass-glazed greenhouse. Plants were provided with a supplemental photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) density of 100 μmol·m−2·s–1 from an HPS lamp or LEDs with a low blue (B) to red (R) light ratio of 7:93 [low blue (LB)] or high B:R at 30:70 [high blue (HB)]. Compared with plants grown under HPS lamps, basil grown under LB and HB LED lighting was shorter, while only HB-grown parsley was shorter; height of dill was unaffected by light source. Basil and parsley shoot fresh weight was lower for HB-treated plants compared with HPS, though dill was unaffected by supplemental light source. Shoot dry mass of basil, dill, and parsley was unaffected by light source. Both LED treatments increased Pn for basil and parsley compared with HPS-grown plants. Stomatal conductance (gS) was higher under LB and HB for basil compared with HPS in the morning and evening, but only HB-treated parsley was higher than HPS lighting in morning. Basil grown under LB, and parsley under both LEDs had lower chlorophyll fluorescence than those under HPS by the evening, but all three species had more chlorophyll b under LB light than HPS. Essential oil and phenolic accumulation were influenced by supplemental light treatment and responses varied among species. Lighting from LEDs resulted in a 2-fold increase in orientin and myristicin for basil and dill, respectively, while HB increased dillapiole concentration by 89% compared with HPS-grown dill. Notably, quercetin concentration was 2.8 times higher in dill grown under HB compared with HPS. Myrcene increased in all three species under either one (basil HB; dill LB) or both (parsley) LED lights compared with HPS. The increased content of aromatic and flavor compounds demonstrates the potential of supplemental lighting systems using specific wavelengths to add value; but the use of supplemental lighting requires an understanding of the additional stress on the photosynthetic mechanisms and the subsequent effect on biomass accumulation.
Topology influence on the radio communication range of sensor networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) applications use wireless technologies in order to establish Internet connection. Communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, cellular, ZigBee, Bluetooth, etc. are used to transfer data in IoT. The choice of the appropriate technology or combination of technologies depends on the type of application, its characteristics, user requirements, and other factors such as communication range, security requirements, battery life, etc. In our project, we will focus on Star, Cluster and Mesh wireless topologies, conduct comparative analysis between them, and testing different XBee devices with specialized software. The experiments are connected to the quality of the transferred data using different XBee devices and how this will affect the transmission range. The results of our research show that in terms of the range and quality of packet transmission, the cluster topology shows the best results.
ISMIP6 projections of ocean-forced Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution using the Community Ice Sheet Model

The future retreat rate for marine-based regions of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is one of the largest uncertainties in sealevel projections. The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) aims to improve projections and quantify uncertainties by running an ensemble of ice sheet models with atmosphere and ocean forcing derived from global climate models. Here, ISMIP6 projections of ocean-forced Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution are illustrated using the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM). Using multiple combinations of sub-ice-shelf melt parameterizations and calibrations, CISM is spun up to 5 steady state over many millennia. During the spin-up, basal friction parameters and basin-scale thermal forcing corrections are adjusted to nudge the ice thickness toward observed values. The model is then run forward for 500 years, applying ocean thermal forcing anomalies from six climate models. In all simulations, the ocean forcing triggers long-term retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, including the Amundsen, Filchner-Ronne, and Ross Basins. Mass loss accelerates late in the 21 century and rises steadily over the next several centuries without leveling off. The resulting ocean-forced SLR at year 2500 varies from 10 about 10 cm to nearly 2 m, depending on the melt scheme and model forcing. Relatively little ice loss is simulated in East Antarctica. Large uncertainties remain, as a result of parameterized basal melt rates, missing ocean and ice sheet physics, and the lack of ice–ocean coupling.
Effect of sand particles on flow structure of free jet from a nozzle

The Characteristics of single and two- phase flow from a circular turbulent free jet from a nozzle of 10 mm diameter were investigated experimentally and numerically. The measurements were conducted for ReJ = 10007 - 31561. The velocity was measured at location from the nozzle y/D (0-8) in axial and radial directions. The two phase measurement were done by using natural construction sand as a solid phase of sizes (220,350,550) µm and loading ratios (mass flow ratio of sand to mass flow rate of air) in the range (0.18-1.38). Two phase air velocity of jet showed that the introducing of natural sand particles gives lower jet velocity attributed to momentum transfer to particles. The smaller particle size leads to lower values of velocity. The velocity found to be decreased with loading ratio increase. The numerical simulation was performed for single and two phase jet flow. RNG K-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the flow of fluid and the discrete phase model to simulate the particles flow. The results form numerical simulation showed a good agreement with experimental results.
a Mechanism That Involves cAMP through Induction in a Macrophage Cell Line Morphine Withdrawal Inhibits IL-12

and Sabita RoyAnitha Krishnan, Richard Charboneau, Roderick A. Barke Jennifer Kelschenbach, Jana Ninkovic, Jinghua Wang,http://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/6/3670J Immunol€2008; 180:3670-3679; ;Referenceshttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/6/3670.full#ref-list-1This article cites 32 articles, 15 of which you can access for free at: Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai. org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:
The role of isokinetic exercises in the rehabilitation of patients with impingement syndrome of the shoulder

Background. Scapulohumeral periarthritis is a medical condition consisting of the inflammation of tendinomuscular structures of the shoulder, causing pain, limited mobility, functional impotence and reduced quality of life. Aims. The study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of active kinesiotherapy programs combined with isokinetic exercises in improving the symptoms of patients presenting with scapulohumeral periarthritis. Methods. The study was conducted on a number of 30 patients diagnosed with simple shoulder pain, mixed shoulder pain or subacromial-deltoid impingement syndrome. The subjects were divided into two groups. The reference group, consisting of 15 patients, was subjected to an active kinesiotherapy program, as well as an active endurance one. The study group, also comprising 15 patients, was subjected to the same kinesiotherapy program, combined with isokinetic exercises. In order to objectify the results, assessment tests were performed on days 1 and 10 of treatment. These included the VAS (visual analog scale) for pain intensity, the flexion-abduction-external rotation articular test, and the Constant-Murley shoulder test. Results. On day 1 of treatment, the symptoms and levels of pathology observed among the two groups were similar. The study was performed on groups of homogeneous sex and age, ranging between 60 and 70 years. As per the VAS, the average pain intensity was measured at 5.8 among patients in the reference group and 5.7 among patients in the study group. On day 10 of treatment, the test indicated a reduction in the pain levels of both groups, the average pain intensity being measured at 2.2 and 1.6, respectively. In terms of the Constant-Murley scores, they were similar on day 1 of treatment and registered as 57.6 and 63.1, respectively, on day 10 of treatment. The articular test revealed an improvement in the range of motion of patients in the study group by 4% on flexion, 5% on abduction and 4% on external rotation as compared to patients in the reference group. The T-test results were statistically significant as regards the VAS (p<0.006), the Constant-Murley test (p<0.02), abduction (p<0.03), external rotation (p<0.005), and at the limit in terms of flexion (0<0.05). Conclusions. The active kinesiotherapy program combined with kinetic exercises ensures better outcomes in terms of pain relief, improved joint mobility, muscle rebalancing and, implicitly, improved quality of life among patients.
Symbolic demarcation: the role of status symbols in preserving interprofessional boundaries

Interprofessional demarcation is one of the key themes in the study of the professions. This study aims to understand the symbolic resources activated when an elite profession faces challenges to its task jurisdiction from a new, emerging profession. I attempt to answer the following question: ‘How are status symbols used to maintain jurisdictional boundaries between professions? ’ I analyzed ethnographic material concerning one of the most elite and ancient professions: Scottish advocates—known as barristers outside Scotland. I found that when faced with competition from other professions, advocates engaged in differentiation through the use of status symbols such as professional dress in and out of court, ceremonies, and everyday rituals. I observed two concurrent processes of differentiation: the maintenance of stability of status symbols and the maintenance of mobility of status symbols, that is, the ongoing cycle of imitation and avoidance, which happens on the boundary of two competing professions. Building on the Simmel effect (1890), I argue that imitation and distinctiveness preserve professional differentiation, and that managing the stability of some symbols and the mobility of others allow elite professionals to maintain their superior status.
Online geocode in postal address using GPS with synchronous database accessing

Postal addressing information is a crucial issue in any organization for business targets, especially in developed countries. Thus, required to convert postal address data to an absolute value like latitude and longitude coordinates by a procedure called geocoding. In this paper, discuss how to make long coordinates into simple geocode via maps services. Besides, conduct a smartphone application to save the geocode with details information to be a GIS for the future used by end-users. The information includes address name, type, and phone number as well as a small note. The app can search for a particular location like hospitals, schools, restaurants, etc.
Formation‐containment control of networked collision‐free Lagrangian systems

The distributed formation‐containment (DFC) problem under a directed graph is addressed for networked Euler‐Lagrange systems. First, using a leader‐follower framework, the DFC problem is properly defined. For the leaders and the followers, respectively, a DFC control law is next proposed without using velocity information. Based on the artificial potential function, all the agents can achieve the control objective satisfactorily while avoiding collisions with others as well as the obstacles in the environment. By the Lyapunov stability theory, the boundedness of the error signals is guaranteed. Simulations are finally given to show the feasibility of this approach.
Antibiotikatherapie bei COPD-Exazerbationen

Zusammenfassung COPD-Exazerbationen halten mehrere Wochen an und haben einen negativen Einfluss auf die Lungenfunktion und die Lebensqualität. Sie sind mit einer deutlich erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität assoziiert, vor allem bei Krankenhausaufnahme. Je schwerer die zugrundeliegende COPD ist, desto höher ist das Risiko für schwere Exazerbationen, welche wiederum eine Krankhausaufnahme bedingen. Zu den Auslösern einer COPD-Exazerbation zählen Temperaturveränderungen, Luftverschmutzung und Zigarettenrauchen. Atemwegsinfektionen, ausgelöst durch Bakterien, vor allem aber durch Viren stellen mit zusammen mehr als 80 % mit Abstand die häufigsten Auslöser dar. Zur Standardtherapie einer COPD-Exazerbation zählt die Therapie der Atemwegsentzündung, die Therapie der Obstruktion und die Therapie der respiratorischen Insuffizienz. Inwieweit der Einsatz von Antibiotika einen zusätzlichen Nutzen beim Management von COPD-Exazerbationen hat, muss kontrolliert zur Standardtherapie untersucht werden. Grundsätzlich ist der Einsatz von Antibiotika auf die Fälle zu begrenzen, bei denen sicher von einer bakteriellen Genese auszugehen ist, was häufig an der Sputum-Purulenz festgemacht werden kann. Da es keine Evidenz für den Einsatz von Antibiotika bei der leichtgradigen Exazerbation (ambulante Therapie) gibt, sollte hier weitgehend auf den Einsatz von Antibiotika verzichtet werden. Bei mittel- bis schwergradiger COPD und nachgewiesener Sputumpurulenz kann der Einsatz von Antibiotika erwogen werden. Bei der schwergradigen Exazerbation mit der Notwendigkeit intensivierter Überwachung und Therapie werden in der Regel Antibiotika verordnet, wobei auch hier der Einsatz kritisch beurteilt werden muss. Wichtig ist in diesen Fällen, wiederholte Gaben derselben Substanzklasse zu vermeiden und somit bewusst sequentiell unterschiedliche Substanzklassen einzusetzen.
The Effect of a Behavioral Intervention on Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Among Overweight and Obesity Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

ii Acknowledgements . iv Vita . vi List of Tables . x List of Figures . xiii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Significance of Study . 6 Statement of Purpose . 9 Research Inquiry . 9 Research Questions: MVPA . 10 Research Questions: Self-­‐Regulation . 11 Definition of Terms . 11 Assumptions . 12 Limitations . 13 Chapter 2: Review of the Literature . 15 Link Between Regular Activity and Type 2 Diabetes Treatment . 16 Physical Activity Rates Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes . 19 Correlates of Physical Activity . 21 Demographic/Biological Factors . 22 Environmental Factors . 25 Psychosocial Factors . 27 Conclusions . 31 Pilot Study . 32 Overview of Social Cognitive Theory . 32 Purpose . 35 Methods . 35 Results . 38 Self-­‐Monitoring . 40 viii Physical Activity Interventions . 41 Intervention Studies Focused on Metabolic Changes . 42 Intervention Studies focused on Physical Activity Behavior Change . 45 Conclusion . 49 Physical Activity Measurement . 52 Summary . 55 Chapter 3: Methods . 58 Purpose . 60 Participants . 61 Selection of Subjects . 61 Recruitment . 63 Estimates for Sample Size . 65 Instrumentation . 66 BodyMedia Armband . 66 Self-­‐Regulation for Exercise Questionnaire . 67 Research Design . 68 Procedures . 69 Enrollment . 69 Visit #1: . 70 Experimental Group and Control Group . 70 Visit #2 : . 72 Experimental Group . 72 Control Group . 77 Visit #3: . 78 Experimental Group . 78 Control Group . 79 Visit #4 (Posttest): . 80 Experimental Group. 80 Control Group . 81 Intervention Protocol . 82 Cancelled or Missed Visits . 83 Complete Data: BodyMedia . 83 Complete Data: Planned and Actual Exercise Logs . 84 Data Analysis . 85 Data Collecting and Recording
The effects of chicken manure on the immobilization and bioavailability of cadmium in the soil-rice system

ABSTRACT Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination has become a serious environmental concern worldwide. We conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate the effect of chicken manure as a soil amendment for the in situ immobilization of Cd, by assessing Cd bioavailability, fractions, and its uptake by rice plants. Results showed that soil pH and DTPA-extractable Cd were significantly elevated and reduced, respectively, with increasing doses of chicken. Sequential soil extractions indicated that chicken manure converted Cd to more immobilized fractions by significantly decreasing the exchangeable Cd fraction and increasing the carbonate-, oxide-, and organic matter-bound fractions. Accordingly, chicken manure significantly reduced the concentrations of Cd in rice tissues, including the brown rice (by up to 77.8%; the Cd content was below the recommended tolerable limits of 0.2 mg kg−1); such effects did not vary much in the 2 years. In this study, chicken manure could effectively reduce the bio-availability of Cd as it increased the soil pH, decrease the content of DTPA-extractable Cd, and transformed Cd into more stable fractions; as a result, chicken manure can be used as an amendment to significantly reduce Cd concentrations in rice if the heavy metal input through its application is considered in a long run.
Tony Atkinson's New Book, Measuring Poverty Around the World: Some Further Reflections

A new book on measuring global poverty by the late Tony Atkinson was published in 2019 by Princeton University Press. We describe how we edited the incomplete manuscript that Atkinson left at his death, the additions we made (which include afterwords by Francois Bourguignon and Nick Stern), and the content and structure of the book. We then discuss what we believe Atkinson was trying to achieve, emphasising both the important insights of the book and where the gaps remain. We also review parallel developments in the World Bank's measurement of global poverty that were stimulated by the report of the Commission on Global Poverty, written by Atkinson, from which this book was developed. The new book is more than four hundred published pages. It remains unfinished yet it is a masterly guide to the nuances of poverty measurement and an invaluable source for future research.
Biomechanical analysis of femoral fracture fixation using the expert adolescent lateral femoral nail system

Femoral fracture in adolescents is a severe injury. Recent studies of intramedullary nail fixation with rigid titanium alloy helical nail viz. Expert adolescent lateral femoral nail (ALFN) have reported good results. However, there is no in vitro biomechanical data available on this nail in the literature. Experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA) were used to establish the stiffness parameters of small composite femurs with simulated fractures stabilised using ALFN. In comparison to intact femur, construct stiffness ranged from maximum (114%) to minimum (20%) for healed fracture and segmental fracture, respectively. Simulation testing in SolidWorksTM was performed with validated FEA model to evaluate the effect of clinical and implant factors. Maximum predicted stress in the distal interlocking screw remained in an acceptable range (160.25 - 188.51 MPa) irrespective of the level of femoral shaft fracture with a relative decrease in stress values as the fracture callus healed over a 16 week period. The relative angle between the ALFN and proximal interlocking screw and implant material were two significant factors influencing stress at the interlocking screw and nail interface. In conclusion, a rigid helical titanium alloy femoral intramedullary nail can perform satisfactorily under physiological loading conditions experienced in the perioperative period.
Multiphoton Ultrafast LOcal Volume Excitation (ULOVE) Through Acousto-optic Wavefront Shaping to Record and Control Neuronal Activity

Technologies for recording and manipulating transmembrane potential in vivo in defined neuronal populations with high fidelity will be essential to understand how information is represented, processed, and propagated in the brain. Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) and optogenetic actuators are especially promising as they can be expressed in defined cell types and are compatible with long-term chronic imaging in vivo. Cellular voltage imaging in vivo, however, suffers from limitations of both speed and sensitivity inherent in current indicators and imaging modalities.