Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consensus-Based Dynamic Boundary Observer Design for Freeway Traffic Networks

In this paper, we address the consensus-based dynamic boundary observer design, where the freeway traffic network modelled by the linearized Aw-Rascle-Zhang traffic flow model is observed by a network of sensors. Inspired by the consensus-based static boundary observer design for the finite-dimensional ordinary differential equation systems, we further propose a consensus-based dynamic boundary observer and directly analyze the detectability for the infinite dimensional traffic system by means of Lyapunov techniques. The sufficient conditions for the distributed consensus-based boundary observer in terms of matrix inequalities are also provided. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach is tested by some numerical simulations.
Chemical Constituents of Equisetum ramosissimum

Seventeen chemical compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Equisetum ramosissimum,a plant belonging to Equisetum of Equisetaceae by column chromatography,thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization,and structurally identified by modern spectroscopic technology to be 5α,6α-expoxy-β-ionone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),loliolide (2),cycloart-24(30)-ene-3β-ol (3),cycloart-22(23)-ene-3β-ol (4),ergost-6,22-diene-3β,5α,8α-triol (5),friedelinol (6),apigene (7),genkwanin (8),genkwanin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9),apigene-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10),luteolin (11),quercentin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12),kaempferol-3-β-D-glucopyranoside (13),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14),adenine (15),β-sitosterol (16) and β-daucosterol (17). Of them,5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),loliolide (2),cycloart-24(30)-ene-3β-ol (3),cycloart-22(23)-ene-3β-ol (4),ergost-6,22-diene-3β,5α,8α-triol (5) and adenine (15) were isolated from the plants of this genus for the first time.
A Distance Measurement Method Based on Dual-parallel-line Projection for A Non-parameter Shooting System

Most images or videos are taken using mobile phones or other daily necessities. Unlike a professional device, those ready-to-use everyday items do not have a binocular or multi-ocular visual system. Thus, it is almost impossible to obtain the whole set of the internal parameters (the characteristics of a device, for example, a focal length) and the external parameters (the coordinates and rotational angles of a world coordinate system). For this reason, how to extract a distance is a difficult task and only few methods have been proposed to solve this problem. This paper presents a dual-parallel-line projection model to simply calculate the distance of a straight line for a target in a image. The model does not require any internal or external parameters and only needs very limited geometric information of an image. An image is processed using only a monocular vision system and an image perspective transformation. First, a monocular vision model is established to extract mathematical relationships between a photographer, target points, and target straight lines in a image. Then, a perspective transformation is carried out to change the angle of view on the plane to an angle of depression. An object with known length in the figure is calibrated to calculate the length of a target on the plane. Finally, auxiliary lines related to an object with known geometric information are added to the orignal image, and the results of the perspective transformation for those lines are claculated. The geometrical distance of a straight line between the photographer and the target is calculated using the mathematical relationship of the monocular vision model. Examples illustrate the validity of the method.
An Improved di/dt-RCD Detection for Short-Circuit Protection of SiC mosfet

Silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor has a smaller short-circuit tolerance, and hence, requires faster and more accurate short-circuit protection. One prospective method is to combine fast di/dt detection with an integration circuit. The former is for detecting the extremely fast increase of short-circuit current, while the latter is for generating a scaled copy of the short-circuit current for comparison with a threshold. The integration is almost always performed with a resistive–capacitive (RC) low-pass filter due to its simplicity. However, it does not produce consistent results under different load and fault conditions, which can, in turn, cause the detection to fail. An alternative di/dt-RCD (RC + diode) protective circuit has therefore been proposed to offer more accurate and consistent results, irrespective of the fault types. Design equations for the circuit have been derived for implementing an experimental setup, from which results have proven the effectiveness of the proposed di/dt-RCD protection.
On Guidance Parameter Calculation of Flight Vehicle Using Relevance Vector Machine and Particle Swarm Optimization

To deal with the problem that guidance parameter calculation of flight vehicle requires a lot of computer memory space to store interpolation data tables, a novel guidance parameter calculation method based on relevance vector machine (RVM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented. By utilizing non-linear mapping property of RVM, parameter regression model for calculating guidance parameter is constructed. The model is trained based on the samples which are generated from the interpolation data tables of flight control trajectories. During training, the Gaussian kernel parameter of RVM is automatically selected by the use of PSO. Simulations on non-linear function approximation and flight vehicle data show that PSO-RVM model achieves high regression accuracy and the structure of model is much sparser. The guidance parameter can be calculated by storing less parameter in the controller of flight vehicle, and the presented method has some engineering application value.
A Novel Power-Angle Control Method of DFIG-DC System Based on Regulating Air Gap Flux Vector

This article presents a novel power-angle control method of the doubly fed induction generator dc system based on regulating the air gap flux vector. The relationship between the angle of air gap electromotive force (EMF) vector and the stator output power is revealed in this article, which can be used for controlling the output power directly. Since the stator frequency is determined by the rotating speed of air gap flux vector and the output power is determined by the angle of air gap EMF vector, the stator frequency can be generated by the power control loop that can avoid the classical voltage model or current model and reduce the parameter dependence. The stator frequency can be regulated through the d-axis rotor current since the product of the stator frequency and the d-axis rotor current is constant. Furthermore, the improved direct resonant control for torque ripple and harmonic current mitigation can still be applied in this novel control method because air gap flux orientation is achieved through controlling the q-axis air gap flux to be zero. Finally, the experimental results are presented to validate the proposed control method.
Analysis and Control of the Unmanned Bicycle with Crank Slider Mechanism

The uniform linear balance motion control of the unmanned bicycle with crank-slider mechanism is studied in this paper. Firstly, the crank-slider mechanism is added to the front fork system of a daily bicycle to obtain the model of the unmanned bicycle. Secondly, the front handlebar angle is controlled by adjusting the position of the crank slider, so that the unmanned bicycle quickly converges to the desired body inclination angle. Thirdly, the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is used to control the unmanned bicycle. Finally, based on theoretical analysis, the actual data collected on the laboratory prototype is substituted into the system model, computer simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the presented algorithm. The simulation results show that compared with ordinary bicycles, the unmanned bicycle with crank-slider mechanism can greatly reduce the time required for the system to reach equilibrium. The results of this study reinforce the possibility of improving the adjustment efficiency of unmanned bicycles.
Multi-scale Protein Complex Discovery based on Graph Wavelet

Identifying protein complexes from protein interaction networks is an important task in the post-genomic era. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, the acquisition of protein interaction network data is becoming more and more convenient. The current protein complex recognition algorithms cannot well balance the hierarchical and overlapping properties of protein networks. In order to overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a Graph Wavelet based Protein Complex Discovery algorithm, GW-PCD. The method exploits the clustering analysis of protein interaction networks to find a modular mechanism by characterizing the distance between graph wavelet coefficients of protein pairs. Comparative experimental results show that GW-PCD enhances the performance of identifying protein complexes, which will provide valuable clues for further exploration of the unknown functions of proteins at the multiscale perspective.
Scalable Solid-State Bus-Tie Switch for Flexible Shipboard Power Systems

The need to increase the efficiency and reduce the operating cost of shipboard dc power distribution networks results in a desire to increase the operating voltage of such installations to the medium-voltage levels. Devices, such as solid state bus-tie switches, are an essential component of such systems, as they allow for system reconfigurations and prevent fault propagation across different sections of the system. This article presents a scalable solid-state bus-tie switch topology designed initially for low-voltage power-distribution networks, but easily scalable in terms of voltage and current. The use of a single active device greatly increases simplicity and reliability of the solution. The ability to extend the current and voltage ratings has been verified on the prototypes through extensive experimental tests in parallel and series connection, respectively. Several methods for fault detection are discussed and further verified experimentally.
The Ocean and early-childhood mortality

Fish stocks have decreased substantially over the last decades due to human exploitation of the ocean. This declining trend has been exacerbated by climate change, with acidifying waters harming marine life. This paper exploits exogenous variation in water acidity across time and space to study how the ocean impacts early-childhood mortality. We collate and analyze more than 1.5 million births between 1972 and 2018 in communities near the shore of 36 developing countries. By comparing children born in the same location but on different dates and controlling for a set of high-dimensional fixed effects, we identify the causal impact of in utero exposure to the oceanâ€™s acidity on mortality. In coastal areas, a 0.01 unit increase in acidity causes 2 additional neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births. This result is robust to within-siblings comparisons. It is selectively affecting the weakest children as the effect gradually vanishes after the first month of life. Mothers do not compensate with any additional health investment during the gestation period. Reduced access to nutrients derived from fish that are essential to fetal growth is the key mechanism behind our findings. While fish is critical to global food security, humanityâ€™s relationship with the ocean remains poorly understood. This paper provides the first quantitative evidence linking the exploitation of natural resources with malnutrition and neonatal selection.
Current in a quantum driven thermostatted system with off-diagonal disorder

Lamberto Rondoni Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy. INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giura 1, I-10125, Torino, Ita ly Abstract We analyze a one-dimensional quantum model with off-diagon l disorder, consisting of a sequence of potential energy barriers whose width is a random variable e ither uniformly or “half-normally” distributed, subjected to an external electric field. We shed light on how t he microscopic disorder affects the value of the transmission coefficient, and on the structure of the fluc tuations around the solutions corresponding to the regular lattice configuration. We also characterize the asymptotic limit obtained by letting the number of barriers diverge, while their total width is kept constan t. Thus, we explain the novelty of our method with respect to the standard thermodynamic limit discussed in the literature, and also evidence the onset of a large deviations principle for the transmission coefficie nt.
The Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Manager Skills

The purpose of this article was to explore the moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between the intangible capitals and firm performance. Specific aims included (a) to synthesize the prior literatures and definitions related to human, organizational and social capital, firm performance and manager skills, (b) to refine conceptual definitions of the human and social capital with associated conceptual antecedent, organizational capital, and consequences, firm performances, (c) to propose a synthesized conceptual framework guiding the mediated moderation of the manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The analysis include data collected from a survey with the total of 370 information communication technology (ICT) firm’s managers. The mediating and moderating techniques are used to analyze the indirect effects of organizational capital on firm performance via human and social capital and the moderating role of manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The results show that all intangible capital dimensions have direct impacts on firm performance. In addition, there is the existences of the mediating role of the human and social capital on the relationship between firm performance and organizational capital and moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between intellectual capital dimensions and firm performance. This is the first paper to examine comprehensively the conceptual framework of the moderating role of manager skills on relationships between intangible capitals and firm performance in ICT sector in a developing country like Vietnam.
ScraTouch

We present ScraTouch, an interaction technique using fingernails, as a new input modality by leveraging capacitive touch sensing. Differentiating between fingertip and fingernail touches requires only tens of milliseconds worth of shunt current data from unmodified capacitive touch surfaces, thus requires no hardware modification. ScraTouch is simple but practical technique for command invocation and mode switching. An evaluation using a point-and-select task on a touchpad showed that although the switching between the finger and nail in ScraTouch required a little more time compared with the baseline (finger touching without mode switching), in overall the operations, ScraTouch was just as fast as the baseline, and on average, 29 % faster than a long press with 500-ms threshold. We also confirmed that setting a simple threshold on the measured shunt current for recognition works robustly across users (97 % accuracy).
The Falling of the Rising Tone in Mandarin Chinese

This paper mainly examines four issues within the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, McCarthy and Prince 1993): the nature of the changed Tone 2, Tone 2 Sandhi (T2S), Tone 3 Sandhi (T3S), the interaction with T2S and T3S. T2S refers to the phenomenon in which the contour of final Tone 2s produced by Southern Min (SM) speakers in Taiwan becomes falling. In this paper, T2S is treated as a weakening/neutralization process in final positions. Phonetic evidence shows that the changed Tone 2 does fall. Evidence from perception and its interaction with T3S imply that changed Tone 2 is phonologically Tone 3. For T2S, the constraint *Rising ]#, which disallow rising contour in final positions, is proposed to be the triggering constraints. To avoid violating *Rising ]#, a final Tone 2 is forced to change. This paper shows that this T2S, as well as its interaction with T3S, can be well captured in OT.
“Enfermedad Periodontal Asociado a la Diabetes Mellitus en Pacientes Atendidos en el Hospital Carlos Monge Medrano de Juliaca, 2017”.

Objective: To determine the association between periodontal disease and Diabetes Mellitus in patients treated at the “Hospital Carlos Monge Medrano in Juliaca, 2017”. Material and Methods: being a relational-level research of a crosssectional, prospective, observational, analytical type; the population consisted of patients with Diabetes Mellitus treated at the "Carlos Monge Medrano" Hospital, where a non-probabilistic sample of 117 patients was obtained, evaluating the level of gingivitis, periodontitis using the Loe and Silness indices, periodontogram respectively and the diabetes mellitus through a data collection card, reaching the following results: moderate gingivitis 95.8%, severe gingivitis 4.2; mild periodontitis 13.90%, moderate periodontitis 48.6%, severe periodontitis 37.5%. In conclusion, There is a significant association between periodontal disease and Diabetes Mellitus in patients treated at the “Carlos Monge Medrano Hospital in Juliaca”.
Wave Motion Analysis in Plane via Hermitian Cubic Spline Wavelet Finite Element Method

A plane Hermitian wavelet finite element method is presented in this paper. Wave motion can be used to analyze plane structures with small defects such as cracks and obtain results. By using the tensor product of modified Hermitian wavelet shape functions, the plane Hermitian wavelet shape functions are constructed. Scale functions of Hermitian wavelet shape functions can replace the polynomial shape functions to construct new wavelet plane elements. As the scale of the shape functions increases, the precision of the new wavelet plane element will be improved. The new Hermitian wavelet finite element method which can be used to simulate wave motion analysis can reveal the law of the wave motion in plane. By using the results of transmitted and reflected wave motion, the cracks can be easily identified in plane. The results show that the new Hermitian plane wavelet finite element method can use the fewer elements to simulate the plane structure effectively and accurately and detect the cracks in plane.
Development of Bluetooth API for Android 1.x Version

요 약 최근 모바일 플랫폼으로 부상하고 있는 Google사의 안드로이드는 2008년 9월에 안드로이드의 첫 번 째 공식 SDK 버전 1.0을 출시하여 현재(2010년 3월) SDK 버전 2. 1까지 출시하였다. 안드로이드 플랫 폼에서 블루투스 디바이스를 제어하기 위해 개발자들은 Android SDK의 Bluetooth API가 필요하게 되 는데 이는 1.0~1. 6버전까지는 지원 되지 않고 2.0 버전부터 공개가 되었다. 하지만 문제점은 안드로이 드 2.0이 발표되기 이전에 나왔던 대부분의 안드로이드 단말은 2.0 업데이트 펌웨어를 현재까지도 지 원하지 않고 있다는 것에 있다. Bluetooth API는 Android SDK 2.0 버전 이상에서만 사용 가능하기 때 문에 개발자들이 개발한 블루투스 어플리케이션의 최소 펌웨어 버전 요구사항이 2.0 이상 일 수밖에 없는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 안드로이드 1.x 버전에서 사용될 수 있는 블루투스 API의 개발에 대해 알 아보고자 한다.
How to use the PLPE Package

One of the critical demands in current proteomic research is the comparison of two or more complex samples in order to determine which proteins are differentially expressed. The PLPE package is designed to examine paired two groups with high-throughput data, such as mass spectrometry (MS) proteomic data and cDNA microarray data by using Paired t-test , Paired L-statistic and Paired Lw-statistic with their FDRs (Cho et al., 2007).
Global climate response to idealized deforestation in CMIP6 models

Abstract. Changes in forest cover have a strong effect on climate through the alteration of surface biogeophysical and biogeochemical properties that affect energy, water and carbon exchange with the atmosphere. To quantify biogeophysical and biogeochemical effects of deforestation in a consistent setup, nine Earth system models (ESMs) carried out an idealized experiment in the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 6 (CMIP6). Starting from their pre-industrial state, models linearly replace 20×106 km2 of forest area in densely forested regions with grasslands over a period of 50 years followed by a stabilization period of 30 years. Most of the deforested area is in the tropics, with a secondary peak in the boreal region. The effect on global annual near-surface temperature ranges from no significant change to a cooling by 0.55 ∘C, with a multi-model mean of -0.22±0.21 ∘C. Five models simulate a temperature increase over deforested land in the tropics and a cooling over deforested boreal land. In these models, the latitude at which the temperature response changes sign ranges from 11 to 43∘ N, with a multi-model mean of 23∘ N. A multi-ensemble analysis reveals that the detection of near-surface temperature changes even under such a strong deforestation scenario may take decades and thus longer than current policy horizons. The observed changes emerge first in the centre of deforestation in tropical regions and propagate edges, indicating the influence of non-local effects. The biogeochemical effect of deforestation are land carbon losses of 259±80 PgC that emerge already within the first decade. Based on the transient climate response to cumulative emissions (TCRE) this would yield a warming by 0.46 ± 0.22 ∘C, suggesting a net warming effect of deforestation. Lastly, this study introduces the “forest sensitivity” (as a measure of climate or carbon change per fraction or area of deforestation), which has the potential to provide lookup tables for deforestation–climate emulators in the absence of strong non-local climate feedbacks. While there is general agreement across models in their response to deforestation in terms of change in global temperatures and land carbon pools, the underlying changes in energy and carbon fluxes diverge substantially across models and geographical regions. Future analyses of the global deforestation experiments could further explore the effect on changes in seasonality of the climate response as well as large-scale circulation changes to advance our understanding and quantification of deforestation effects in the ESM frameworks.