Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Extremal Problems for Pairs of Uniformly Distributed Sequences and Integrals with Respect to Copula Measures

Abstract Motivated by the maximal average distance of uniformly distributed sequences we consider some extremal problems for functionals of type μC↦∫01∫01FdμC, {\mu _C} \mapsto \int_0^1 {{{\int_0^1 {Fd} }_\mu }_C,} where µC is a copula measure and F is a Riemann integrable function on [0, 1]2 of a specific type. Such problems have been considered in [4] and are of interest in the study of limit points of two uniformly distributed sequences.
Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles—Synthesis, Properties, and Bio-Applications

Nanotechnology has generated tremendous hopes in recent years toward the design of advanced functional materials, especially in the bio-medical field. Nano-sized-materials such as magnetite nanoparticles display indeed fascinating physico-chemical properties that, if tuned properly, can be exploited to design new bio-diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as well as innovative biotechnology methodologies. Owing to their biocompatibility and excellent magnetic properties, magnetite nanocrystals have been the object of a tremendous amount of research in the last decade and numerous (bio)applications have been reported. Importantly, advances in the synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles enable excellent control over their size, shape, and composition. Despite these remarkable progresses, many issues remain to be overcome for these nanotechnology products to revolution the medical practice. The fine control and application of colloidal nanostructures such as magnetite nanoparticles in complex biological systems remains especially challenging. This article attempts to review the current status of magnetite nanoparticles preparation and use, with a special emphasis on bio-medical applications, but also to outline the promises and challenges associated to this emerging technology.
Tocopherols and tocotrienols in grape seeds from 14 cultivars grown in Korea.

In this study, the tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) contents of grape seeds from 14 different varieties grown in Korea were analyzed using saponification extraction followed by normal-phase liquid chromatography. α-T, γ-T, α-T3, and γ-T3 were detected in all samples. The total concentration of tocopherol and tocotrienol was in the range of 4.8-9.9 mg/100 g seed (35.3-68.8 mg/100 g oil basis). The Muscat Bailey A cultivar had the highest total tocopherol and tocotrienol contents, followed by Canner and Naples. γ-T3 ranged from 1.6 to 4.9 mg/100 g seed (11.2 to 53.81 mg/100 g oil basis) and was the main isomer, followed by α-T3 in most of the samples. Analytical method validation parameters including accuracy and precision were determined. Overall recovery from grape seeds was close to 100%.
A novel model evaluation approach focusing on local and advected contributions to urban PM 2.5 levels – application to Paris, France

Abstract. Aerosol simulations in chemistry transport models (CTMs) still suffer from numerous uncertainties, and diagnostic evaluations are required to point out major error sources. This paper presents an original approach to evaluate CTMs based on local and imported contributions in a large megacity rather than urban background concentrations. The study is applied to the CHIMERE model in the Paris region (France) and considers the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its main chemical constituents (elemental and organic carbon, nitrate, sulfate and ammonium), for which daily measurements are available during a whole year at various stations (PARTICULES project). Back-trajectory data are used to locate the upwind station, from which the concentration is identified as the import, the local production being deduced from the urban concentration by subtraction. Uncertainties on these contributions are quantified. Small biases in urban background PM2.5 simulations (bias of +16%) hide significant error compensations between local and advected contributions, as well as in PM2.5 chemical compounds. In particular, winter time organic matter (OM) imports appear strongly underestimated while local OM and elemental carbon (EC) production is overestimated all along the year. Erroneous continental wood burning emissions and missing secondary organic aerosol (SOA) pathways may explain errors on advected OM, while the carbonaceous compounds is likely to be related to errors in emissions and dynamics. A statistically significant local formation of nitrate is also highlighted from observations, but missed by the model. Together with the overestimation of nitrate imports, it leads to a bias of +51% on the local PM2.5 contribution. Such an evaluation finally gives more detailed insights on major gaps in current CTMs on which future efforts are needed.
Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide–Poly(Safranine T) Film via One-Step Polymerization for Electrochemical Determination of Methyl Jasmonate

In this work, a new reduced graphene oxide–poly(safranine T) (rGO–PST) film was prepared on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via one-step polymerization using rGO as an electron transfer mediator. The uniform structure of rGO–PST film was exhibited by scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical characterization indicated that rGO–PST/GCE possessed much larger surface area and faster electron transfer rate constant compared with GCE. Furthermore, the rGO–PST/GCE exhibited strong catalytic ability and sensitive response to the oxidation of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) using derivative linear scan voltammetry. Under optimal working conditions, the oxidation current of MeJA linearly increased with its concentration in the range of 1.0–10 μM and 30–3000 μM after 2-min accumulation, along with a low detection limit of 0.5 μM. As an example of practical application, the rGO–PST/GCE was successfully employed for the determination of MeJA in jasmine essential oil and rice spikelets samples.
Role of Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer in O3-Type NaFeO2–NaNiO2 Solid Solution for Enhanced Electrochemical Properties

Na-ion batteries have been the subjects of intensive studies for grid-scale energy storage recently. O3-type NaFeO2 is a promising candidate for the Na-ion cathode materials, though the irreversibility during Na-ion extraction/insertion seriously hinders its practical application. The present work demonstrates that partial replacement of Fe in O3-NaFeO2 with Ni leads to the significant improvement of the electrochemical properties. The 57Fe Mossbauer and X-ray absorption spectra show that O3-type NaFeO2–NaNiO2 solid solution forms hybridized frontier orbital of a Fe–O–Ni bond via ligand-to-metal charge transfer, which plays a dominant role in the charge–discharge process. The resulting O3-NaFe0.3Ni0. 7O2 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 135 mA·h·g–1, most of which is in a high-voltage region of 2.5–3.8 V, with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 93%, and shows enhanced cycle stability.
A second-order perturbative correction to the coupled-cluster singles and doubles method: CCSD(2)

Recently, we introduced a new ansatz for developing perturbative corrections to methods based on coupled-cluster theory. In this article we apply this ansatz to the coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) method, generating the CCSD(2) method. We use the CCSD(2) method to study the double dissociation of water and to calculate spectroscopic constants of first row diatomic molecules. As long as Hartree–Fock is a reasonable approximation, CCSD(2) works very well.
Feste Lösungen durch Schmelzextrusion — ein integriertes Herstellkonzept

Die Schmelzextrusionstechnologie stellt einen effizienten Herstellungsprozes fur orale Arzneiformen dar. Aus der Prozes Technologie Extrusion wurde ein Drug-Delivery System entwickelt. Einhergehend mit der Moglichkeit, amorphe Wirkstoffzubereitungen durch Schmelzextrusion in einem losemittelfreiem Prozes erhalten zu konnen, sind die In-Situ-Salzbildung, die Homogenisierung der Korngrosenverteilung und die masgeschneiderte Einstellung von Freisetzungsprofilen weitere Starken des Schmelzextrusionsprozesses.
The partial excess thermodynamic properties of hydrogen in palladium

New measurements of the hydrogen chemical potential and the partial enthalpy of hydrogen in Pd-H alloys are reported. These results are combined with information available in the literature to obtain a consistent set of values for the partial excess enthalpy and entropy of hydrogen as a function of composition. The partial excess entropy of hydrogen varies from negative values at low hydrogen concentrations to positive values at high hydrogen concentrations and it is demonstrated that the principal contribution to this excess entropy is configurational. Problems associated with trying to interpret these properties in terms of pairwise interaction models are discussed.
Improved Electrochromic Behavior of Reactively Sputtered Iridium Oxide Films

We report deposition parameters for improved electrochromic behavior of reactively sputtered iridium oxide films (SIROF's). When operated in electrolyte, SIROF's deposited under these conditions may be bleached to a state exhibiting, to within experimental error (<0.4%), zero transmission loss in the visible. SIROF's which can be fully colored to an optical density (OD) of 0.45 (single pass), show a response time for coloring or bleaching (through a ΔOD of 0.3) of 40 msec under constant voltage address. This may be reduced to 20 msec in each direction if IR compensation is employed. Preliminary data show no difference in color/bleach cycle lifetime from that of SIROF's deposited under slightly different conditions. No change in contrast is perceivable after cycles at room temperature.
Dealloying Behavior of Dual-Phase Al 40 atom % Cu Alloy in an Alkaline Solution

To further understand the underlying physical mechanisms of dealloying of multiphase alloys and control dissolution processes among different phases, the dealloying behavior of melt-spun Al 40 atom % Cu alloy comprising Al 2 Cu and AlCu intermetallic compounds in a 10 wt % sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution was studied. The microstructure of as-dealloyed samples was characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. The experimental results show that the alloy with the amount of Al 2 Cu comparable to that of AlCu can be partially dealloyed, which eventually results in the formation of a unique kind of nanoporous copper/AlCu composite. Additionally, the formation mechanism has been well established to describe the morphology and composition evolutions during the dealloying process based upon kinetic competitions between dissolution of Al atoms and diffusion-rearrangement of Cu atoms, which includes three stages, sequentially, defined as "Al 2 Cu dealloying," "AlCu dealloying," and "coarsening accompanying underlying AlCu re-dealloying. ".
Redox cycles promoting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of CeO2 nanorods

Oriented hexagonal CeO2 NRs were directly grown on Ti substrates via a simple template-free electrochemical method. These CeO2 NRs with {110} planes as the main exposed surfaces show significant photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution with Na2S–Na2SO3 as sacrificial agents due to their special redox capacity.
Similitude in an Open-Channel UV Wastewater Disinfection Reactor

AbstractThe possibility of using a small-scale model to predict the performance of a full-size open-channel ultraviolet (UV) wastewater disinfection reactor was numerically investigated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The CFD model consists of the volume of fluid (VOF) method for capturing the water–air interface, realizable k-ϵ model for turbulence, discrete ordinate (DO) model for resolving the UV intensity field in the reactor, and Lagrangian particle tracking for calculating the microbial particle trajectory. To ensure the similarity of the hydrodynamics between the full-size and two scaled-down open-channel reactors, the Froude and Reynolds numbers were considered. Scaling methodology for the UV radiation field was formulated to ensure that the same disinfection performance can be achieved between the full-size and the scaled-down reactors. The disinfection characteristics of the full-size and scaled-down reactors predicted by the CFD model were comparable suggesting that the open-c.
DATA MINING FOR BOX COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS CLASSIFICATION USING DECISION TREE METHODS

— Data Mining is one of the centers of attention for academics and practitioners. Various data mining research and development have produced many products that are useful for the wider community and business people. In terms of determining the results of laboratory tests such as box compression tests, of course, it will produce a lot of data and data that requires the right method to be an alternative in product testing. The purpose of this study was to develop a box compression test system using a web-based decision tree method instead of product quality testing equipment. One method in data mining is decision tree with the algorithm C4.5. The results of the calculation with confusion matrix, it can be seen that the accuracy value of 87%, the value of precision 85.2%, and the recall value of 95%, it can be seen that the classification of BCT results with the C4.5 algorithm is included in the category of fair classification.
Hyperspectral Imaging in the Medical Field: Present and Future

Abstract Hyperspectral imaging is an optical method that provides a large amount of information about the investigated object. Its medical applications are reviewed in this article, including tumor delimitation and identification, assessing tissue perfusion and its pathological conditions (including some complications like diabetic foot ulceration), making accurate surgical decisions, evaluating the health of dental structures, etc. Many of the articles show very promising results that required brief comments by the authors. It is clear that choosing the appropriate hyperspectral imaging system for each medical field, together with the most reliable hyperspectral image processing methods, are the main goals of future studies, before hyperspectral imaging becomes a widely applicable evaluation method in medicine. The authors try to answer some questions on this topic and set up some directions for future research.
Efficacy of cultural control methods for combating herbicide‐resistant Lolium rigidum

Herbicide-resistant populations of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) are estimated to affect crop production on about 5000 farms in southern Australia. In order to manage resistant populations, some farmers have adopted a two-to-three-year pasture phase which allows use of grazing by sheep, and non-selective herbicides to deplete the weed seed-bank. However, in low-to-medium rainfall zones, where financial returns from pastures are relatively low, farmers have generally combined cultural practices for weed management with the use of alternative herbicides, mainly trifluralin. Used singly, none of the currently available cultural techniques provides an adequate level of weed control. However, when used in carefully planned combinations, extremely effective ryegrass control can be achieved. Some of the important cultural practices for ryegrass control include delayed sowing (sometimes in conjunction with a shallow autumn cultivation); stubble burning; cutting the crop for hay or green manure, increased crop density and capture of weed seeds at harvest. Selection of crop species and cultivars with superior weed suppression potential is also receiving considerable attention.
Crystalline and local vibrations of paired bases in poly(dG)‐poly(dC) interacting with the h‐b‐1 hydrogen bond

Some types of atomic vibrations in a chain of the DNA type constructed of G-C pairs were studied. These are the atomic vibrations of the lateral groups of guanine and N(3)H(1)H(2) of cytosine connected by the hydrogen bond h-b-1 and the vibrations of the centers of masses of bases in the direction parallel to bonds h-b-i, i = 1–3. The vibrations mix partially due to the dependence of the energy of the bond h-b-1 on its length and split into two bands because of the interaction between neighboring base pairs. It was shown that the excitation of the bond h-b-1 results in the splitting off of the two local vibrations and in a small deformation of the chain in the vicinity of the pair with the localized hydrogen bond. The law of the dispersion of band vibrations, values of the split-off frequencies, and degree of poly(dG)-poly(dC) chain deformation were determined. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
HLA-DR1, DR4, and DRB1 disease related subtypes in rheumatoid arthritis. Association with susceptibility but not severity in a city wide community based study.

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship of DR1, DR4, and DR4 subtypes with disease severity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We studied a cohort of 103 Caucasian patients with an onset of disease in 1985, and 6 to 7 years of disease at the time of the study. All rheumatologists in Edmonton participated in the city wide study which included hospital and community based patients with mild and severe disease. HLA status was determined using polymerase chain reaction amplification and amplified fragment length polymorphism typing. Outcome measures included joint counts, radiological scores, and physical functional status. RESULTS Fifty-six patients (54%) were DR4 positive, (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.4-3.6, compared to controls). This association was only statistically significant for seropositive patients (OR = 2.8 in seropositive patients and OR = 1.5 in seronegative patients). A higher risk was observed for DR1/DR4 heterozygotes (OR = 6.8 in seropositive patients and OR = 1.7 in seronegative patients). No significant differences were observed in disease activity, joint counts, radiological scores, or functional status among patients carrying 1, 2 or no disease related alleles, although the prevalence of rheumatoid factor (RF) showed a linear association with allele dose (0, 1, or 2). CONCLUSION DR4 and in particular DR1/DR4 heterozygosity were related to susceptibility to RA only in seropositive patients. RF was a better predictor of severity than disease related HLA subtypes. These findings suggest that the effect of these alleles on severity may be related to seropositivity, or that perhaps, seropositive and seronegative RA are genetically distinct entities. The results of our study suggest that in community based settings, which include patients with milder disease, DR1 and DR4 disease related alleles increase susceptibility for RA, but are not clinically useful as predictors of longer term outcome.
The use of ladder particle swarm optimisation for quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis of human immunodeficiency virus-1 integrase inhibitors

This contribution focuses on the use of ladder particle swarm optimisation (LPSO) on modelling of oxadiazole- and triazole-substituted naphthyridines as human immunodeficiency virus-1 integrase inhibitors. Artificial neural network (ANN) and Monte Carlo cross-validation techniques were combined with LPSO to develop a quantitative structure–activity relationship model. The techniques of LPSO, ANN and sample set partitioning based on joint x–y distances were applied as feature selection, mapping and model evaluation, respectively. The variables selected by LPSO were used as inputs of Bayesian regularisation ANN. The statistical parameters of correlation of deterministic, R 2, and root-mean-square error for the test set were 0.876 and 0.23, respectively. Robustness of the model was confirmed by Y-randomisation method. Comparison of the LPSO–ANN results with those of stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR), LPSO–MLR and LPSO–MLR–ANN showed the superiority of LPSO–ANN. Inspection of the selected variables indicated that atomic mass, molecular size and electronic structure of the molecules play a significant role in inhibitory behaviour of oxadiazole- and triazole-substituted naphthyridines.
A Rotary Polydimethylsiloxane‐Based Device for Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract A novel rotary channel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) microchip with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is developed in our laboratory. The chip circular platinum thin‐film heaters and thermometers. Compared with other continuous‐flow PCR chips, the novel rotary channel and the circular heating arrangements in this chip make the loaded reagent mixture pass through three constant‐temperature zones in a very direct sequence, which avoids a melted sample's subjection to the extension temperature before reaching the annealing zone and improves the PCR yield effectively. Several experiments are performed to verify the ability of the device. The results show that the device achieves 25 cycles in 35 min with flow rate 3 µl/min compared to about 45 min in a standard batch PCR system.
Enantiomer separation of chlordane components and metabolites using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography and detection by mass spectrometric techniques

Octa- and nonachlordanes, oxychlordane, and heptachlor exo- and endo-epoxide were analyzed using achiral and chiral high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and detection by electron ionization (EI) and electron-capture, negative ionization mass spectrometry (ECNI MS). Two β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives were used as chiral selectors and dissolved in a polysiloxane stationary phase (PS086)
Electrostatic Microencapsulation Technique for Producing Composite Particles

The electrostatic microencapsulation process and the various means of achieving such encapsulation for developing composite particles with two or more powders is briefly reviewed, with a particular focus on the dual-function sorbent/scintillation particles for use in radionuclide selective sensing. In preparing the composite particles, two different types of particles, an ion-exchange resin and scintillating microbeads, were used. The sorbent particles capture and preconcentrate the radionuclide of interest (e.g., 99 Tc) from solution. The scintillating microbeads are used to convert the energy of radioactive decay into that detectable light that can be deducted by a photomultiplier tube arrangement. To simulate the electrostatic microencapsulation of resin and scintillators, several surrogate materials such as acrylic powder (mean particle diameter, d 50 =23 µm), red toner (d 50 =16 µm), resin (d 50 =134 µm), and fluorescent latex spheres (d 50 =2 µm) were used. A microencapsulation tower was constructed to use corona guns operating at high voltages of opposite polarity to charge the "host" and "guest" particles. Experimental arrangements and test results are presented. The results show that if polymer particles are used and if one of the two powders is smaller than 10 µm in diameter, the electrostatic and van der Waals forces provide enough interparticle adhesion to bond the guest and host particles through plastic deformation. Interparticles adhesion between resin (d 50 =133 µm) and toner (d 50 =15 µm) showed that the composite particles were stable in water suspension. For larger particles, such as resin and scintillators, the use of a binding agent is necessary to form stable composite particles. electrostatic microencapsulation particle coating groundwater monitoring composite particles radionuclide detection
Deposition of Silver Dentritic Nanostructures on Silicon for Enhanced Fluorescence

Silver dendritic (“fractal”) structures exhibit very high fluorescence enhancement, but their nonuniformity limits practical applications. Here, we present a novel, electroless deposition approach to produce uniform silver dendritic nanostructures on silicon for enhanced fluorescence. These metal-modified surfaces were allowed to bind a protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) labeled with the fluorescent dye Deep Purple. The effect of silver nanostructures on fluorescence intensity and lifetime in the presence of a conductive, absorbing substrate was analyzed, and high enhancement factors between 30 and 40 times were found. Such silicon-based structures with high fluorescence enhancement factors are suitable for integration with lab-on-chip and biosensing microelectronic devices.