Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Source Trendwatching

Currently available trend watchers, such as the trends-list on Twitter, are capable of supplying a user of a list of frequently used terms. Such trend watchers are limited because the relationship between trending terms and related terms are not presented, resulting in a minimal understanding why a term is trending. Elvers et al. [2011] proposed a trend watcher that is capable of creating networks between trending terms and related terms on textual YouTube content. In this paper we have applied their method to Twitter data. A disadvantage is that the resulting trends are based one resource solely. We propose an extension that uses the TF-IDF ratings of words in data from news websites to improve the relevance of the trends. We found that while the trend watcher as described in Elvers et al. [2011] was capable of detecting relevant trends, over 62% of the found trends could not be defined. The addition of the news filter resulted in an overall decrease of 3,6% of unidentifiable trends and increased the amount of news related trends from 8,3% to 13,7%. However, it also indiced a delay in detecting some news events. These results show that the method of Reed et al. can be used for detecting trends in Twitter. Also, if a bias towards news related content is preferred over the prematurity of the trends, the proposed news filter can improve results. This paper was written as part of the honours project 2013-2014 of the Bachelor Artificial Intelligence at the University of Amsterdam
A Personalized Access Control Based on IoT

A personalized access control based on IoT is proposed to improve the unflexible access control. The access control using digital doorlock is designed for the persons who have normal cognitive function because it requires persons to memorize some secret numbers. It is not easy for the weak persons in cognitive function such as the mentally handicapped, the young children and the old people, to adapt to the doorlock. There need their guardians or the 2nd method using a physical thing with equal function of key to get into the important space such as home. However, the physical thing is no more than another object for the weak persons in cognitive function to keep in mind. In addition, social engineering attacks including shoulder surfing increase. This paper addresses the problem of the legacy access control and improves it based on IoT technology.
Review of the longevity of the second polar body in the mouse

The polar bodies are derived from meiotic divisions during oogenesis and are contained together with the oocyte within the zona pellucida. Fertilisation triggers the second meiotic division, at which time the second polar body (PB2) is formed (Hogan et al., 1986; Schatten et al., 1988; Johnson & Everitt, 1995) There is no clear evidence on the fate of the polar bodies in any mammal including the mouse, which is the commonly used research model. However, the polar bodies are generally considered as waste material, and therefore not essential to embryo development. In recent years the polar bodies have gained prominence as they have been used in humans for pre-implantation genetic diagnostic purposes (PGD), of single gene disorders, such as determining whether an embryo may have inherited the cystic fibrosis allele from its mother (Munne et al., 1995; Strom et al., 1998; Rechitsky et al., 2000). PB2 also has a potential use in cloning, for the harvesting of stem cells. Wakayama et al. (1997) have shown that PB2 has the same genetic potential as the female pronuclei and can be used for the production of normal offspring in mice. The successful use of PB2 for these purposes is dependent on its age, for its longevity, rate and nature of degeneration has yet to be determined. While there is little doubt that the first polar body (PB1) experiences a necrotic fate, the same cannot be said for PB2, which may experience an apoptotic fate. Furthermore if PB2 experiences an apoptotic fate rather than a necrotic one, it would not only be the earliest evidence of apoptosis in a mammal but also provide an excellent research model for the study of apoptosis.
Opsonized streptococcal cell walls cross-link human leukocytes and erythrocytes by complement receptors

Serum-opsonized group A streptococcal cell walls, consisting of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide polymers (PG-APS), induced monolayers of human neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils to aggregate. When erythrocytes were present in the incubation medium, they also were associated with the leukocyte aggregates. By immunofluorescence staining, PG-APS was localized at the site of cell-to-cell contact. By scanning electron microscopy the cells appeared to adhere to one another by surface contact; filopodia often acted as connectors, particularly in leukocyte-erythrocyte interaction. Cellular binding of PG-APS and aggregation were dependent upon C3 fixation. No aggregation was observed when heat-inactivated serum was used as an opsonin. In contrast to peptidoglycan, an activator of the alternative complement pathway, the group-specific polysaccharide moiety of PG-APS induced no cellular aggregation. Rosette formation was observed in suspensions when neutrophils were incubated with erythrocytes coated with C3b-opsonized PG-APS. Cell monolayers bound serum-opsonized PG-APS, but aggregation was observed only when serum was present in the incubation medium. Similar results were obtained with C5-deficient serum. No aggregation was observed with heat-inactivated serum or bovine serum albumin. A heat-labile serum component(s) appears to be required to elicit leukocyte aggregation. It is suggested that C3 fixed to PG-APS acts as a bridge to link cells together in clusters as a result of common recognition of C3 by leukocyte and erythrocyte complement receptors.
Implantable Defibrillator Electrograms and Origin of Left Ventricular Impulses: An Analysis of Regionalization Ability and Visual Spatial Resolution

ICD Electrograms and Origin of Impulses. Introduction: The implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) electrogram (EG) is a documentation of ventricular tachycardia. We prospectively analyzed EGs from ICD electrodes located at the right ventricle apex to establish (1) ability to regionalize origin of left ventricle (LV) impulses, and (2) spatial resolution to distinguish between paced sites. Methods and Results: LV electro‐anatomic maps were generated in 15 patients. ICD‐EGs were recorded during pacing from 22 ± 10 LV sites. Voltage of far‐field EG deflections (initial, peak, final) and time intervals between far‐field and bipolar EGs were measured. Blinded visual analysis was used for spatial resolution. Initial deflections were more negative and initial/peak ratios were larger for lateral versus septal and superior versus inferior sites. Time intervals were shorter for apical versus basal and septal versus lateral sites. Best predictive cutoff values were voltage of initial deflection <–1.24 mV, and initial/peak ratio >0.45 for a lateral site, voltage of final deflection <–0.30 for an inferior site, and time interval <80 milliseconds for an apical site. In a subsequent group of 9 patients, these values predicted correctly paced site location in 54–75% and tachycardia exit site in 60–100%. Recognition of paced sites as different by EG inspection was 91% accurate. Sensitivity increased with distance (0.96 if ≥ 2 cm vs 0.84 if < 2 cm, P < 0.001) and with presence of low‐voltage tissue between sites (0.94 vs 0.88, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Standard ICD‐EG analysis can help regionalize LV sites of impulse formation. It can accurately distinguish between 2 sites of impulse formation if they are ≥2 cm apart. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 506‐514, May 2012)
L'intégration des technologies énergétiques dans l'action urbaine : Eclairages théoriques d'expériences européennes

Malgre leur bonne volonte, les villes peinent a etendre leurs experiences en matiere d'economies d'energies a l'ensemble de leurs territoires. Cette difficulte vient de modes d'approche differents. L'inscription de l'action energetique dans une ideologie globale, promouvant de nouvelles valeurs, implique de reconstruire des maitrises d'ouvrages adaptees a la nouvelle action urbaine.
Matching in Studies of Classification Accuracy: Implications for Analysis, Efficiency, and Assessment of Incremental Value

Summary. In case–control studies evaluating the classification accuracy of a marker, controls are often matched to cases with respect to factors associated with the marker and disease status. In contrast with matching in epidemiologic etiology studies, matching in the classification setting has not been rigorously studied. In this article, we consider the implications of matching in terms of the choice of statistical analysis, efficiency, and assessment of the incremental value of the marker over the matching covariates. We find that adjustment for the matching covariates is essential, as unadjusted summaries of classification accuracy can be biased. In many settings, matching is the most efficient covariate‐dependent sampling scheme, and we provide an expression for the optimal matching ratio. However, we also show that matching greatly complicates estimation of the incremental value of the marker. We recommend that matching be carefully considered in the context of these findings.
Relative navigation of missile formation and INS error correction methods

Relative navigation of the missile formation is one of the key technologies for missile autonomous formation flight and cooperative detection. A relative navigation algorithm and an inertial navigation system (INS) error correction method based on mutual ranging and relative motion were proposed, using real-time ranging and data communication supported by the missile-borne data link in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) free environment. Firstly, the measurement polygon with rotational ambiguity was obtained by the metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) method based on mutual ranging. Then the ambiguity was determined by the nodes' relative motions. Finally, the polygon translation method was applied to estimate INS errors according to the rank-defect network adjustment theory. Simulation results show that the proposed methods solve the rotational ambiguity problem for range-only relative navigation without inter-node angle measurements, as well as slow down the divergence trends of the INS position errors. For the formation of five missiles, the relative navigation accuracy is less than 30m when the ranging error is 20m and the INS accuracy is about three times of the original value.
Simultaneous Decision‐Making in Competitive and Cooperative Environments

We experimentally investigate simultaneous decision-making in two contrasting environments: one that encourages competition (lottery contest) and one that encourages cooperation (public good game). We find that simultaneous participation in the public good game affects behavior in the contest, decreasing sub-optimal overbidding. Contributions to the public good are not affected by participation in the contest. The direction of behavioral spillover is explained by differences in strategic uncertainty and path-dependence across games. Our design allows us to compare preferences for cooperation and competition. We find that in early periods, there is a negative correlation between decisions in competitive and in cooperative environments.
Web Image Re-Ranking Using Hash Based Signatures

This project addresses content-based image retrieval in general, and in particular, focuses on developing a hidden class detection methodology to address effective semantics-intensive image retrieval. In our approach, each image in the database is segmented into classes and contains classified images. We explore the query adaptive ranking to retrieve images. With this representation, model based on hash code of the image database is obtained, to analyze semantic concepts in the database. The semantic similarity is measured through sum rates for detecting images, to the discovered semantic signatures. And also implement the Hamming distance techniques to retrieve the relevant images from databases. The proposed schemes were compared with a conventional CBIR scheme employing image classification. Our experimental results are providing good retrieval on re-ranking precisions compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Lysophosphatidylcholine decreases single channel conductance of inward rectifier K channel in mammalian ventricular myocytes.

Effect of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on the inward rectifier K channel of the isolated guinea pig ventricular cell was studied using patch clamp technique. In that LPC (100 microM) decreased the magnitude of the single channel conductance from 48 +/- 5 pS (mean and S.D., n = 5) to 12 +/- 9 pS (n = 8), this event may be the prime factor related to the alleged LPC-induced depolarization of cardiac tissues.
Effective tracker design based on iterative learning control methodology with input constraint for a class of unknown interconnected large-scale sampled-data nonlinear systems

This paper proposes the decentralized iterative learning control (ILC) for a class of unknown sampled-data interconnected large-scale nonlinear with a closed-loop decoupling property via the off-line observer/Kalman filter identification (OKID) method. First, the OKID method not only is utilized to determine decentralized appropriate (low-) order discrete-time linear models for the class of unknown interconnected large-scale sampled-data systems by using known input-output sampled data but also to overcome the effect of modeling error on the identified linear model of each subsystem. For the tracking purpose, a norm-optimal ILC (NOILC) scheme is embedded to the decentralized models, and the constrained ILC problem is formulated in a successive projection framework. To reduce unwanted learning cycles, the digital-redesign linear quadratic tracker with the high-gain property is proposed to assign the initial control input of ILC. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies.
Reply to letter by Cristobal et al.

We thank Crist obal and colleagues for their interest in and comments on our article (Liu et al., 2014b). We here address the questions raised. The first one is why we did not introduce all binding modes of microRNAs with their target mRNAs in the introduction section. The second one is that they observed a discrepancy in the data in Table 2 and suggested us to reanalyze the data. Last, they asked us to provide more information about the cohort of 92 CRC patients. It is well established that microRNAs induce mRNA degradation by binding to 30-UTR. In recent years, some studies have demonstrated that microRNAs bind in the 50-UTR and coding domain sequence (CDS) of mRNAs (Lytle et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2009). However, microRNAs binding sites in the 30-UTR is still the main direction of posttranscriptional gene regulation. Moreover, we found that miR-126 negatively regulate CXCR4 expression through binding to the 30UTR of CXCR4 mRNA (Liu et al., 2014a). Thus, we consider that it is not essential to mention all biding modes of microRNAs with their target mRNAs. As regards the data in Table 2 (Liu et al., 2014b), it was pointed out that there was some discrepancy. It is a fact that there are 53 cases in stage III/IV and 40 patients with distant metastasis. Also, there are 40 patients in stage IV and 13 patients in stage III. Although a higher proportion of miR-126 downregulation was observed in patients without lymph node metastasis, there was no statistically significant difference between miR-126 expression and lymph node metastasis. Additionally, patients in stage IV may not necessarily have lymph node metastasis. Moreover, by following up the 92 CRC patients, we found that overall survival was associated with low miR-126 expression, not lymph node metastasis. To some extent, the apparent discrepancy may be due to an insufficient number of samples. Thus, a larger sample size may be needed in our further study. Regarding their last comment, further studies are needed to clarify the exact roles of miR-126 in CRC. First, to investigate the roles of miR-126 in CRC, in vivo experiments have been explored, such as establishing the metastatic mode of human CRC in nude mice. Second, we have investigated the relationship between miR-126 expression and metastasis, chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with CRC. We are eager to submit this report to evaluate the clinical significance of miR126 in CRC in the near future.
Japanese Experience of ABO-Incompatible Living Kidney Transplantation

Since 1989, when we performed the first ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantation (ABO-ILKT) in Japan, many Japanese institutions have started their own ABO-ILKT programs. By the end of 2005, 851 ABO-ILKTs had been performed in Japan at 82 institutions. In the present study, we review the surveillance data of the Japanese ABO-Incompatible Transplantation Committee and our own, recent experience of ABO-ILKT. One-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year patient survival has been 95%, 92%, 90%, and 85%, respectively, whereas 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year graft survival has been 89%, 85%, 79%, and 61%, respectively. Between 1989 and 1999, a triplicate immunosuppressive regimen consisting of tacrolimus or cyclosporine A plus azathioprine or mizoribine plus methylprednisolone was administered at most institutions. Between 2000 and 2004, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and methylprednisolone were used at most of the institutions. Splenectomy was performed in most recipients between 1989 and 2004. Recently, many institutions started to use anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) as an alternative to splenectomy. In most cases, ABO-ILKT recipients underwent 3 or 4 sessions of plasmapheresis or double-filtration plasmapheresis before transplantation. A greater incidence of acute rejection was observed during the cyclosporine A era, but the incidence of rejection was markedly reduced in the tacrolimus era. Anti-CD20 antibody induction markedly reduced the incidence of antibody-mediated rejection and greatly improved the results. In conclusion, there were significant differences in graft survival and the incidence of rejection before and after the introduction of tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil. In addition, rituximab as an alternative to splenectomy is definitely an effective regimen for successful ABO-ILKT.
A novel core promoter element induces bidirectional transcription in CpG island

How TATA-less promoters such as those within CpG islands (CGI) control gene expression is still a subject of active research. Here, we have identified the “CGCG element”, a ten-base pair motif with a consensus sequence of TCTCGCGAGA present in a group of promoter-associated CGIs of ribosomal protein and housekeeping genes. This element is evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates, found in DNase-accessible regions and employs RNA polymerase 2 to activate gene expression. Through extensive analysis of several endogenous promoters, we demonstrate that this element activates bidirectional transcription through divergent start sites. Methylation of this element abrogates the associated promoter activity. When coincident with a TATA-box directional transcription remains CGCG-dependent. Because the CGCG element is sufficient to drive transcription, we propose that its unmethylated form functions as a core promoter of TATA-less CGI-associated promoters.
CD69 expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a new prognostic marker ?

Ninety-two patients suffering from immunologically typical (CD5 + CD23 + ) B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were tested for the expression of CD69, an antigen that is precociously expressed on normal stimulated T lymphocytes and B-cells. Forty-eight (52%) patients displayed CD69 antigen on the cell surface and the expression of this molecule was found to be related to higher peripheral blood lymphocytosis, more advanced clinical stage, a diffuse pattern of bone marrow infiltration, and trisomy 12. By contrast, del13q14 was more frequently detected in the CD69-negative group. Finally, CD69 expression had a significantly negative impact on survival of patients. These data suggest that CD69 could be a promising new immunologic prognostic marker for B-CLL.
Bifactor Models Show a Superior Model Fit: Examination of the Factorial Validity of Parent-Reported and Self-Reported Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Background: Various studies have demonstrated that bifactor models yield better solutions than models with correlated factors. However, the kind of bifactor model that is most appropriate is yet to be examined. The current study is the first to test bifactor models across the full age range (11-18 years) of adolescents using self-reports, and the first to test bifactor models with German subjects and German questionnaires. Sampling and Methods: The study sample included children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years recruited from a German clinical sample (n = 1,081) and a German community sample (n = 642). To examine the factorial validity, we compared unidimensional, correlated factors and higher-order and bifactor models and further tested a modified incomplete bifactor model for measurement invariance. Results: Bifactor models displayed superior model fit statistics compared to correlated factor models or second-order models. However, a more parsimonious incomplete bifactor model with only 2 specific factors (inattention and impulsivity) showed a good model fit and a better factor structure than the other bifactor models. Scalar measurement invariance was given in most group comparisons. Conclusion: An incomplete bifactor model would suggest that the specific inattention and impulsivity factors represent entities separable from the general attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder construct and might, therefore, give way to a new approach to subtyping of children beyond and above attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.