Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Huperzine-A capsules enhance memory and learning performance in 34 pairs of matched adolescent students.

AIM: To study the efficacy of huperzine-A capsules (Hup) on memory and learning performance of adolescent students. METHODS: Using double-blind and matched pair method, 34 pairs of junior middle school students complaining of memory inadequacy were divided into two groups by normal psychological health inventory (PHI), similar memory quotient (MQ), same sex and class. The Hup group was administrated orally 2 capsules of Hup (each contains Hup 50 micrograms) b.i. d. , and the placebo group was given 2 capsules of placebo (starch and lactose inside) b.i. d. for 4 wk. RESULTS: At the end of trial, the Hup group's MQ (115 +/- 6) was more than that of the placebo group (104 +/- 9, P < 0.01), and the scores of Chinese language lesson in the Hup group were elevated markedly too. CONCLUSION: The Hup capsules enhance the memory and learning performance of adolescent students.
The interaction between nitrogen source, soil pH, and drought in the growth and physiology of three poplar clones 1

The objective of this study was to understand how nitrogen (N) source, soil pH, and drought interact in the growth and water-use efficiency of poplars. Rooted cuttings from two hybrid poplar clones, 24 (Walker) (Populus deltoidesPopuluspetrowskyana), and 794 (Brooks 6) (Populus deltoidesPopuluspetrowskyana), and one native balsam poplar clone 1004 (Populus balsamifera L.), were grown in a greenhouse for a period of 8 weeks. Trees received a combination of two N sources (ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2)), two soil pHs (5 and 7), and two drought levels (85% and 40% field capacity, as determined by mass). Trees had reduced growth, net photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance with NO3 - fertilization, and these effects were accentuated at soil pH 7. The drought treatment only slightly reduced growth and rarely interacted with N source or soil pH. Drought also did not affect instantaneous measurements of water-use efficiency, but it increased � 13 C by an average of 0.55%. The poplar clones used in this study appear to be better adapted to take up N from NH4 + than from NO3 - -N sources.
Mutational studies in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN), is a heterogeneous group of slowly progressive disorders of the peripheral nerve. X-linked CMT (CMTX) is characterized by slow motor nerve conduction velocities in affected males and the presence of mildly affected or normal carrier females with intermediate or normal nerve conduction velocities. CMTX, which has an incidence of 3.1 per 100,000 and accounts for approximately 10% of CMT cases, has been mapped to Xq13. One of the genes lying in this region, connexin 32, has been found to contain alterations in individuals affected with X-linked CMT. We have identified our X-linked families from dominant type 1 CMT families using the clinical criteria given above. These families were screened for point mutations in connexin 32. We have identified three missense mutations, a G{r_arrow}A transition at amino acid 35 (valine to methionine), a C{r_arrow}G transition at amino acid 158 (proline to alanine) and a T{r_arrow}A transition at amino acid 182 (serine to threonine). Another family showed a 18 bp deletion, which removed the amino acid 111 to 116 inclusive (histidine, glycine, aspartic acid, proline, leucine, histidine).
A computational study of polyelectrostatic interactions in proteins

The study of proteins and their function is key to understanding the intrinsic properties of the cell both in normal and disease states. An important part of this analysis involves the prediction and elucidation of three-dimensional protein structures, and the interactions they undertake, through the use of computational techniques. The majority of work in this thesis focuses on the effects that non-specific charge interactions have on these structures. Firstly, sets of proteins that select a single partner from closely related alternatives were analysed using an empirical binding model in order to identify a determinant for binding specificity. Here, we predicted that charge interactions are more favourable in the majority of cognate pairs, compared to other energetic and geometric properties. In addition to this, charged protein side-chains were found to be important with respect to phosphorylation sites that lie in disordered regions of proteins. The analysis of charge environments around these sites indicated a propensity for a subset of residues to be phosphorylated when surrounded by charged residues. This was especially true for proteins involved in RNA processing.An investigation of protein-mRNA interactions also identified a role for charge interactions that occur within translational control mechanisms. The correlation seen between positively charged disordered regions of specific regulatory proteins and the secondary structure of target mRNAs revealed a potential control mechanism that is partially influenced by polyelectrostatic interactions.
Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Rice Grain and It’s Inhibiting Ability by In Vitro Against Pyricularia oryzae Cav.

ABSTR ACT Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Rice Grain and It’s Inhibiting Ability by In Vitro Against Pyricularia oryzae Cav. Fungal endophyte is a fungi that lives in the tissues of plants without causing disease symptoms on host plants. During symbiotic, many endophyte could produce antibiotic compounds , those can make endophyte microbes become biological control agents against pests and plant diseases . The aims of this study is to determine the types and the number of endophytic fungi spesies that exist in rice seeds stadia, also growth inhibitory ability against Pyricularia oryzae Cav . in vitro . Based on microscopic identification and DNA analysis were found 14 species of endophytic fungi . Endophytic fungi were able to inhibit the develop of Pyricularia oryzae Cav . amount . The greatest inhibitor was Unidentified - 2 isolates of 65.6 % followed by fungi Phaeosphaeriopsis musae , Sarocladium oryzae , and Sordariomycetes sp . , with inhibition of 63.3 %, 61.1 %, and 58.9 % respectively. Key words : endophytic fungi , inhibition , Pyricularia oryzae , rice, In vitro.
Investigation of factors influencing the successful persistence and dissemination of a globally distributed antibiotic resistance plasmids

The aim of this study was to determine the extent of dissemination of pCT, a blaCTX-M-14 carrying plasmid, and to investigate the factors which allow pCT to stably persist within bacterial populations. DNA sequencing of pCT allowed the design of a PCR assay for rapid detection of pCT, which showed pCT has disseminated worldwide in bacteria from humans, animals and the environment. pCT was stably maintained in the absence of β-lactam antibiotic pressure in four different bacterial host strains over ~70 generations, and conferred neither a fitness advantage nor disadvantage to two host E. coli strains. Seven pCT genes of interest in relation to plasmid success were identified and insertionally inactivated to investigate their role in the ‘success’ of this plasmid. Inactivation the conjugation pilus reduced the frequency of pCT transfer however inactivation of the five other pCT genes had no consistent effect on the host bacterial strain persistence or dissemination. In conclusion, pCT was shown to be a globally successful plasmid. The persistence and spread of pCT is postulated to be due to a combination of stability, a lack of a fitness burden and proficient conjugation, rather than any one particular gene or phenotypic benefit conferred to the host.
Blister rust and western forest biodiversity: ecology, values and outlook for white pines

Summary Eight white pine species are widely distributed among the forests of western Canada and the United States. The different forest communities with these species contribute biodiversity to the western landscape. The trees themselves provide various ecosystem services, including wildlife habitat and watershed protection. White pine communities range in elevation from lower to upper treeline, in successional stage from seral to climax, and in stand type from krummholz to closed-canopy forest. Many white pine species are moderately to strongly fire-dependent for regeneration; several species are extreme stress tolerators and persistent on harsh sites. Among the white pines are the oldest-living trees, the world’s largest pines, species dependent on birds for seed dispersal, species important for grizzly bear habitat and species of high commercial timber value. The principal threats to white pine populations are blister rust (Cronartium ribicola, pathogen), fire suppression, succession, mountain pine beetle and climate change. Severe population declines in several white pine species are attributed to losses caused by these factors acting either alone or together, and sometimes in concert with logging and other land-use changes. The importance and particular interactions of these threats vary by region and species. For example, many northern and western populations of whitebark pine are seriously declining from a combination of mountain pine beetle outbreaks and severe blister rust infestations. As whitebark pines provide many keystone services on high-elevation sites, their loss would impact forest composition and structure, succession, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Although there are serious challenges to science-based management and conservation (especially in remote American wilderness areas), prompt and effective intervention promoting regeneration of blister rust-resistant white pines could mitigate these severe impacts.
Life history traits for Ophryotrocha craigsmithi (Wiklund, Glover & Dahlgren, 2009), a candidate species in integrated multitrophic aquaculture

Ophryotrocha craigsmithi (Wiklund, Glover & Dahlgren, 2009) has repeatedly been observed in high densities at salmonid fish farms in Norway and has been shown to feed on the organic waste released during fish production. This species has therefore been pointed out as a candidate for the benthic component of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA). Little is known about the life history traits of Ophryotrocha species found at greater depths in temperate waters. Insight into life traits is of key importance in evaluating the bio-mitigation and harvest potential of (benthic) species within IMTA systems. In this study, we aimed to describe key life history traits for O. craigsmithi, such as growth, reproductive pattern, and offset of reproduction. The main findings are as follows: (I) O. craigsmithi exhibits early sexual maturation and rapid growth, going from 5 to 16 mm in length in 8 weeks; (II) their estimated lifetime is approximately 15 weeks with a generation time of 4 weeks; (III) there are strong indications that they are gonochoric semicontinuous spawners; (IV) the majority of mature eggs ranged from 120 to 150 µm; and (V) the larvae developed into a free-swimming stage after approximately 1 week. To this end, we present a framework for assessing the suitability of deposit-feeding polychaetes as candidate species in IMTA, considering environmental adaptiveness, production potential, as well as carbon and nitrogen mitigation capacity. On the basis of this, O. craigsmithi shows a high suitability as an extractive farmed species in benthic IMTA.
Poultry Behaviour and Welfare

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Analgesic Activity of Thuja orientalis Leaves

Present study reports analgesic activity of petroleum ether, chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extract of leaves of Thuja orientalis. Hot plate and tail immersion methods were used for evaluation of central analgesic activity and acetic acid induced writhing model was used for evaluation of peripheral analgesic activity. Hot plate acetic acid induced writhing model was used for evaluation of central analgesic activity as well as peripheral analgesic activity. Results indicate that petroleum ether extract of leaves at 50 mg/kg, i.p. dose produced a significant increase in reaction time (P<0.05) in tail immersion method and increased in response latency period (P<0.05) in hot plate method, against standard drug pentazocin. Aqueous extract of leaves of Thuja orientalis significantly (P<0.05) attenuated the number of writhing when compared to standard drug paracetamol in acetic acid induced writhing model.
The impact of women directorship on real estate companies: a case in Malaysia

Worldwide, real estate industry is prevalent with its unpleasant image of corruption, political intervention and bribery. Women directorship is portrayed as one of the possible solutions that may neutralize the attributes that have undermined the credibility of these companies. Thus, the main aim of this study is to understand the pattern of women directorship in Malaysian real estate companies and its relationship with companies’ performance and value. Employing a robust statistical technique, GLS regression estimation and by utilising panel data spans of four years from 2012 to 2015, this study finds that the presence of women director(s) on Malaysian real estate corporate board has no impact on companies’ performance as well as on its value creation.
Fixation de l'azote chez Acacia mangium en plantation

Acacia mangium connait actuellement une utilisation grandissante comme espece de plantation en raison de sa croissance rapide sur des sols degrades, notamment pauvres en azote. En effet, comme de nombreuses especes appartenant a la famille des Legumineuses, A. mangium possede la capacite de fixer l'azote atmospherique grâce a son association symbiotique avec des rhizobiums, bacteries du sol formant des nodules racinaires ou est localisee l'activite fixatrice, et s'affranchit ainsi d'une carence du sol en azote. Une experimentation au champ a ete mise en place en basse Cote-d'Ivoire afin d'evaluer le pourcentage d'azote atmospherique fixe par Acacia mangium en conditions de plantation. Cet essai a ete realise sur la station de Port-Bouet qui repose sur des sols sableux quaternaires littoraux. Trois traitements d'inoculation avec rhizobium, repliques dans trois blocs d'un dispositif a blocs complets randomises, ont ete testes: le premier correspond a des arbres inocules avec la souche Aust 13c; le second, a des arbres inocules avec la souche CB 756; le troisieme, a des arbres-temoins non inocules. Dix-neuf mois apres transplantation des arbres au champ, nous avons mesure la hauteur et le diametre des arbres. Simultanement, nous avons preleve des echantillons de feuilles pour estimer le pourcentage d'azote derive du N 2 atmospherique (Ndfa%) fixe par Acacia mangium, qui a ete mesure par la methode de l'abondance isotopique naturelle en 15 N. Nous avons observe un effet positif de l'inoculation avec la souche Aust 13c sur la croissance des arbres avec un accroissement significatif de 10 % en hauteur et de 15 % en diametre par rapport a des arbres-temoins non inocules ou des arbres inocules avec la souche CB 756. Le Ndfa% variait fortement, de 20 a 90 % selon les differents blocs ou les traitements inoculation consideres, et apparaissait inversement proportionnel a la fertilite du sol.
Clinical, pathological, and radiological features of 80 pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: A single-institute study

Objective Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are rare but devastating diseases. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of DIPGs. Materials and methods The clinical data of 80 pediatric DIPGs under clinical treatment in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from July 2013 to July 2019 were retrospectively collected and studied. A follow-up evaluation was performed. Results This study included 48 men and 32 women. The most common symptoms were cranial nerve palsy (50.0%, 40/80 patients) and limb weakness (41.2%, 33/80 patients). Among the 80 patients, 24 cases were clinically diagnosed, 56 cases were pathologically verified, and 45 cases were tested for H3K27 alteration status, with 34 H3K27 alteration cases confirmed. Radiological results indicated that enhancement was common (65.0%, 52/80 patients). Cho/Cr was of predictive value for H3K27 alteration status (P = 0.012, cutoff value = 2.38, AUC = 0.801). Open cranial surgery followed by further chemotherapy and radiotherapy was beneficial for patients’ overall survival. Cox regression analysis indicated H3K27 alteration to be the independent prognostic influencing factor for DIPGs in this series (P = 0.002). Conclusion DIPGs displayed a wide spectrum of clinical and imaging features. Surgery-suitable patients could benefit from postoperative comprehensive therapy for a better overall survival. H3K27 alteration was the independent prognostic influencing factor for DIPGs.
Antibiotic use during coronavirus disease 2019 intensive care unit shape multidrug resistance bacteriuria: A Swedish longitudinal prospective study

Objectives High frequency of antimicrobial prescription and the nature of prolonged illness in COVID-19 increases risk for complicated bacteriuria and antibiotic resistance. We investigated risk factors for bacteriuria in the ICU and the correlation between antibiotic treatment and persistent bacteria. Methods We conducted a prospective longitudinal study with urine from indwelling catheters of 101 ICU patients from Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. Samples were screened and isolates confirmed with MALDI-TOF and whole genome sequencing. Isolates were analyzed for AMR using broth microdilution. Clinical data were assessed for correlation with bacteriuria. Results Length of stay linearly correlated with bacteriuria (R2 = 0.99, p ≤ 0.0001). 90% of patients received antibiotics, primarily the beta-lactams (76%) cefotaxime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem. We found high prevalence of Enterococcus (42%) being associated with increased cefotaxime prescription. Antibiotic-susceptible E. coli were found to cause bacteriuria despite concurrent antibiotic treatment when found in co-culture with Enterococcus. Conclusion Longer stays in ICUs increase the risk for bacteriuria in a predictable manner. Likely, high use of cefotaxime drives Enterococcus prevalence, which in turn permit co-colonizing Gram-negative bacteria. Our results suggest biofilms in urinary catheters as a reservoir of pathogenic bacteria with the potential to develop and disseminate AMR.
Reproductive isolation and X chromosome meiotic drive in Cyrtodiopsis stalk-eyed flies

Title of Document: REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION AND X CHROMOSOME MEIOTIC DRIVE IN CYRTODIOPSIS STALK-EYED FLIES. Sarah J. Christianson, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Directed By: Professor Gerald Wilkinson, Department of Biology Haldane’s rule states that when one sex of hybrids shows sterility or inviability it tends to be the heterogametic sex. This pattern is considered a fundamental law of speciation, and is known to be caused by several separate mechanisms. One such mechanism may be the divergence at loci affecting sex chromosome meiotic drive. Cyrtodiopsis dalmanni and C. whitei are sister species of stalk-eyed fly found in Southeast Asia and in which a sizable proportion of wild-caught males produce femalebiased broods due to X chromosome meiotic drive. I cross multiple populations of these two species and use QTL mapping and DNA sequencing techniques to test three predictions of the meiotic drive hypothesis of Haldane’s rule. In chapter 1, my results show that male hybrid sterility is the fastest-evolving form of reproductive isolation in these species, consistent with Haldane’s rule. In chapter 2, I show that DNA sequence evolution is consistent with a pattern of repeated selective sweeps associated with Xlinked meiotic drive. In chapter 3, I report the discovery of autosomal suppressors of drive, a Y-linked suppressor, a cryptic (suppressed) driver, an inviability effect of drive, and several QTL for sterility and one QTL for male-biased progeny sex ratios. The suppressors and cryptic driver support the conclusion, from chapter 2, that meiotic drive and suppressors have evolved repeatedly in response to each other. The sterility and sex ratio QTL did not map to the same genetic marker interval, which is not necessarily inconsistent with the drive hypothesis if sufficient time has elapsed to allow additional sterility loci to evolve. Overall, these results provide several lines of support for the meiotic drive hypothesis of Haldane’s rule, which is rapidly gaining traction among researchers in the field of speciation. This conclusion suggests that attempts should be made to identify specific genes affecting meiotic drive and male hybrid sterility in Cyrtodiopsis. REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION AND X CHROMOSOME MEIOTIC DRIVE IN CYRTODIOPSIS STALK-EYED FLIES.
Expression and Function of CCL17 in Atopic Dermatitis

Chemokines are a superfamily of potent leukocyte chemoattractant cytokines with a molecular weight of 8-12 kDa. Historically, many chemokines had more than one name until the 1999 Keystone Symposium on Chemokines, when a new nomenclature was introduced (Zlotnik & Yoshie, 2000). Chemokines have been subdivided into four subfamilies on the basis of the position of either one or two cysteine residues located near the N-terminus of the protein and an L (ligand) was added (CXCL, CCL, CL and CXXXCL) to designate all chemokines as ligands of their respective receptors (R). The chemokine network comprises about 50 chemokines, as well as 20 classical (10 CCRs, 7 CXCRs, two XCR and a single CX3CR) and 3 atypical chemokine receptors (Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines = DARC, CC-X-chemokine receptor (CCX-CKR), and the D6 molecule) (Cyster, 2005; Comerford & McColl, 2011; Hansell & Nibbs, 2007; Ransohoff, 2009; Sallusto & Baggiolini, 2008). Many ligands bind multiple receptors, although each of them bind in a slightly different way, thereby inducing distinct downstream responses. The timing and venue of specific ligand-receptor interactions determines the nature of various biological processes. Although their best known function is the regulation of leukocyte migration, chemokines also enhance cell adhesion or costimulation, and stimulate myelopoiesis, tumor growth or angiogenesis (Ransohoff, 2009; Sallusto & Baggiolini, 2008; Viola & Luster, 2008). In addition, chemokines participate in the organization of the microenvironmental architecture of primary and secondary lymphoid organs during physiological and pathological conditions (Cyster, 2005). Importantly, a defined subset of chemokines and their receptors drive certain inflammatory immune responses to protect the body against microbial and environmental pathogens. Dysregulation of such chemokines may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, like acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis (Charo & Ransohoff, 2006). Furthermore, chemokines produced in barrier organs are known to
kasos adenokarcinomos kompiuterinės tomografijos radiologinė patologinė koreliacija

Objectives: 1. To assess the most valuable criteria of CT diagnosing pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 2. To compare pancreatic adenocarcinoma’s and its local disemination with histopathologist’s results. 3. To evaluate pancreatic adenocarcinomas CT resectability criterion and compare them with postoperative data. In this retrospective study 83 patients were analyzed, who had operative during 2014-2016 We analyzed data collected from such as CT scan and postoperative histopathologist’s assessment of