Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Random forest application on cognitive level classification of E-learning content

The e-learning is the primary method of learning for most learners after the regular academics studies. The knowledge delivery through e-learning technologies increased exponentially over the years because of the advancement in internet and e-learning technologies. Knowledge delivery to some people would never have been possible without the e-learning technologies. Most of the working professional do focused studies for carrier advancement, promotion or to improve the domain knowledge. These learner can find many free e-learning web sites from the internet easily in the domain of interest. However it is quite difficult to find the best e-learning content suitable for their learning based on their domain knowledge level. User spent most of the time figuring out the right content from a plethora of available content and end up learning nothing. An intelligent framework using machine learning algorithms with Random Forest Classifier is proposed to address this issue, which classifies the e-learning content based on its difficulty levels and provide the learner the best content suitable based on the knowledge level . The frame work is trained with the data set collected from multiple popular e-learning web sites. The model is tested with real time e-learning web sites links and found that the e-contents in the web sites are recommended to the user based on its difficulty levels as beginner level, intermediate level and advanced level.
Methodological Considerations for the Determination of the Critical Load for the Deadlift.

Moss, AC, Dinyer, TK, Abel, MG, and Bergstrom, HC. Methodological considerations for the determination of the critical load for the deadlift. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-This study determined whether performance method during conventional deadlifting affects critical load (CL) estimates derived from the linear work limit (Wlim) vs. repetitions relationship. Eleven subjects completed 1-repetition maximum (1RM) deadlift testing followed by separate visits, to determine the number of repetitions to failure at 50, 60, 70, and 80% 1RM for both reset (RS) and touch-and-go (TG) methods. The CL was the slope of the line of total work completed (load [kg] × repetitions) vs. total repetitions for 4 intensities (50-80% 1RM). The number of repetitions to failure were determined at CLRS and CLTG. The kg values and repetitions to failure at CLRS and CLTG, and total repetitions at each intensity (50-80%) for each method (RS and TG) were compared. There were no significant mean differences (±SD) in kg values (-0.4 ± 7.9 kg, range = -8.8 to 17 kg, p = 0.856), %1RM (-1.2 ± 5.6%, p = 0.510), or total repetitions completed (2.8 ± 15.7 reps, range = -15 to 37 reps, p = 0.565) for CLRS and CLTG. These findings indicated that performance method did not affect mean estimation of CL or number of repetitions completed at submaximal loads. Thus, the estimates of CL from the modeling of total work vs. repetitions were relatively robust to variations in deadlifting methodologies. However, individual variability (range of scores) in kg values and repetition to failure at CLRS and CLTG indicated that deadlifting methods may differ in anatomical region of fatigue. The CL is an individually derived threshold that may be used to examine and describe performance capabilities.
Farklı Anestezik Ajanların Rejyonel İntravenöz Anestezi Yapılan Hastalarda Elektrokardiyografik Değişiklikler Üzerine Etkisi

Amac: Calismamizda lidokain ve lidokain+ ketamine ile intravenoz rejyonel anestezi (IVRA) uygulanan hastalardaki elektrokardiyografik degisiklikleri karsilastirmayi amacladik. Materyal ve Metot: Calismamiz prospektif, gozlemsel, randomize ve cift kor olarak yapildi. IVRA altinda kol ve onkol operasyonu gecirecek ASA I -II statusunde 18-60 yas arasi 70 hasta calismaya alindi. Cift kafli turnike opere edilecek ekstremiteye yerlestirildi. Hastalar randomize ve olarak 2 gruba ayrildi. Group 1: % 0,5 Lidokain+Ketamin 0,8 mg/kg; 40 ml. Group 2: % 0,5 Lidokain 40 ml olarak belirlendi. Enjeksiyondan 20 dakika sonra distal kaf sisirilerek proksimal kaf 3 dakikada bir 50 mmHg hizda indirildi. Zaman periyodlari turnike indirilmesinin baslamasindan itibaren 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60. dakika ve turnike indirilmesinden 10 dakika sonra olarak belirlendi. Invaziv olmayan kan basinci degerleri, kalp atim hizi, puls oksimetre degerleri kaydedildi. Elektrokardiyografik kayitlar alinarak PR, RR, QT intervalleri, QTc degerleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Lidokain+ketamin grubunda QT basal degerleri QT5. dk, QT10. dk, QT15. dk , QT30. dk, QT45. dk, QT60. dk ve QTtur10 degerlerinden dusuk bulundu. QTc bazal degerleri grup lidokain + ketamin QTctur10 degerlerinden daha dusuk bulundu (p <0.001). Sonuc: Lidokain grubunda belirgin bir degisiklik gozlenmedi. Turnike indirilmesinden sonra lidokain+ketamin grubunda QT, QTc degerlerinde ve ozellikle noninvaziv kan basinci degerlerinde belirgin artis gozlendi.
Comment on “Long-term decline of sugar maple following forest harvest, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire”

Cleavitt et al. (2018, Can. J. For. Res. 48(1): 23–31, doi: 10.1139/cjfr-2017-0233 ) report a lack of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) regeneration in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), Watershed 5 (W5), following whole-tree clearcut harvesting and purport that harvesting-induced soil calcium depletion contributed to regeneration failure of this species. In New England, clearcutting is a silvicultural strategy used to promote less tolerant species, especially birch (Betula spp.; Marquis (1969), Birch Symposium Proceedings, USDA Forest Service; Leak et al. (2014), doi: 10.2737/NRS-GTR-132 ), which is just the outcome that the authors report. While this study reports an impressive, long-term data set, given broad interest in sugar maple and sustainability of forest management practices, we feel that it is critical to more fully explore the role of nutrition on sugar maple dynamics, both prior to and during the experiment, and to more fully review the scientific record on the role of whole-tree clearcutting in nutrient-induced sugar maple dynamics.
Rational, emotional, and attentional models for recommender systems

This work analyses the decision‐making process underlying choice behaviour. First, neural and gaze activity were recorded experimentally from different subjects performing a choice task in a Web Interface. Second, choice models and ensembles were fitted using rational, emotional, and attentional features. The model's predictions were evaluated in terms of their accuracy and rankings were made for each user. The results show that (a) the attentional models are the best in terms of its average performance across all users, (b) each subject shows a different best model, and (c) ensembles may perform better than single choice models but an optimal building method has to be found.
Four-dimensional 
N=4
 SYM theory and the swampland

The authors build an argument independent of string theory, using unitarity and other conditions, to show that consistent quantum gravities with sixteen supercharges are possible only with a limited number of gauge groups. In turn, it is known that each of these allowed gauge groups is realized in string theory. This is part of a larger program for different amounts of supersymmetry, which so far seems to confirm the string lamppost principle which states that each consistent quantum gravity is realized in string theory.
The influence of rare variants in circulating metabolic biomarkers

Circulating metabolite levels are biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We tested association between rare sequence variants and 226 serum lipoproteins, lipids and amino acids in 7,142 healthy participants. Gene-based association analyses identified novel gene-trait associations with ACSL1, MYCN, FBXO36 and B4GALNT3 (p<2.5 × 10−6), and confirmed established associations. Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex was associated for the first time, in gene set analyses, with IDL and LDL parameters, as well as circulating cholesterol (pMETASKAT <2.41 × 10−6). Individuals at the lower tails of the distributions of four out of 49 lipoproteins and lipids had an excess of predicted deleterious variants in lipoprotein disorder and metabolism gene sets (ppermutation<0.00037). These four traits were CVD risk factors (e.g. S-VLDL-C), demonstrating that rare “protective” variation is a significant contributor to lipoprotein levels in a healthy population. In conclusion, rare variant analysis of these important metabolic biomarkers reveals novel loci and pathways involved in their regulation.
Sequence of application and assessment of the means of physical rehabilitation of surgical patient after arthroscopic-controlled restoration of the anterior cruciate ligament

Aim of the study: to improve the results of rehabilitation treatment of surgical patient after damage to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint. Material and methods : General scientific, pedagogical observations, rehabilitation examination, medical and pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, visual analogue pain scale (VAS), Tegner-Lysholm scales, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC - 2000), methods mathematical statistics. The study involved men who were divided into 2 groups: the main (25) and control (23). The age of the examined varied from 25 to 44 years, on average in the main group 28.18 ± 0.51 years, and in the control - 27,15±0,59. Results: The results of rehabilitation treatment of surgical patient after damage to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint by introducing an original program of physical rehabilitation at the preoperative and postoperative stage are presented. The place and role of electromyostimulation of the muscles of the anterior and posterior thigh groups in the process of physical rehabilitation are indicated. Conclusions: In the course of the study, the feasibility of using physical rehabilitation means for the priority restoration of the tone, strength, and muscle mass of the posterior group of the lower limb was proved in comparison with the traditional program of physical rehabilitation.
Transplanting Space Effect on In-vitro Raised Sugarcane

Tissue cuture is considered to be a best technique for rapid multiplication and production of disease free, healthy seed cane. With a view to studying the effect of transplanting spacing on growth and yield of micropropagated crop of sugarcane, an experiment was carried out at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Shobhit University, Meerut. Tissue culture raised plantlets of sugarcane variety. In vitro cultured sugarcane were transplanted at various spacing of 90 x 45, 90 x 60, 90 x 90 and 120 x 60 cm. Among the four spacings, the highest plant growth, number of tillers, number of malleable canes, cane height and cane yield were recorded at 90 x 60 cm. Thus, a spacing of 90 x 60 cm was found most suitable for transplantation of tissue culture raised plantlets of sugarcane
A cross-sectional study

Validation of the anatomically complex configurations of the Lumbar Puncture Simulator II (KYOTO KAGAKU CO., LTD., 15 Kitanekoya-cho Fushimi-ku Kyoto, Japan 612-8388) have not been reported. Previous validation of the normal anatomic configuration has been reported. This study aims to evaluate evidence for construct and content validity of 4 interchangeable lumbar puncture (LP) complex anatomic configurations of this simulator. We performed a cross-sectional study between April 2018 and May 2019. Novice volunteer medical students and expert physicians who had performed over 30 LP procedures performed sequential LP procedures on each of 4 simulated interchangeable anatomic LP puncture blocks (normal, obesity, geriatric, combined geriatric/obesity). Primary outcome measures compared between groups for each LP procedure were return of cerebrospinal fluid within 5 minutes and a calculated performance score. Subjective face validity and content validity 5-point Likert questionnaires were completed by participants. 35novice (n=19) andexpert (n=16) subjectscompleted140procedures.Significantdifferenceswere foundbetweennoviceandexpert groups for both cerebrospinal fluid success rates and performance scores for normal (P= .001/P= .001) geriatric (P= .005/P= .002) and obesity (P= .003/P=< .001) configurations. There were no differences for the geriatric/obesity configuration. Expert median score of simulator realism (face validity) was 4 (range 3–4); median score of utility as a training tool (content validity) was 4 (range 4–5). We provide evidence for construct validity for each of the complex LP configurations, except combined geriatric/obesity. Expert physicians found the simulator sufficiently realistic to effectively teach LP skills. Abbreviations: CSF = cerebrospinal fluid, LP = lumbar puncture.
Coordinated electric vehicle charging to reduce losses without network impedances

This study proposes a method of coordinating electric vehicle charging to reduce losses in a distribution system, using only knowledge of the phase that each charger is connected to. Reducing network losses cuts costs and can be achieved through demand response mechanisms. However, directly minimising losses requires accurate values of the line impedances, which can be difficult to obtain. Flattening load over time and balancing load across phases have both been proposed as alternate solutions which indirectly reduce losses. Here, the practical differences between load flattening and explicitly minimising losses are quantified using simulations of residential charging in European style, three-phase distribution networks. Then, a new smart charging strategy, which incorporates phase balancing as a secondary objective to load flattening, is proposed. This requires only the knowledge of the phase that each load is on and achieves 30–70% of the potential reduction in losses.
Richness and taxonomic distinctness of cave invertebrates from the northeastern state of Goiás, central Brazil: a vulnerable and singular area

The karst area of the northeastern state of Goiás comprises two main municipalities: São Domingos and Posse. São Domingos is inside the limits of a Full Protection Conservation Unit known as Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca (PETeR), where a high number of caves occurs, some of them surpassing 10 km in length. Despite their protection by law, uncontrolled tourism has been threatening the integrity of the unique and fragile cave systems of São Domingos. On the other hand, the caves of Posse are much less visited, with its subterranean fauna poorly unknown and are strongly threatened by the urban areas and mining activities in the vicinity. We conducted six systematic surveys of invertebrates in 12 caves, seven of which are located in São Domingos and five in Posse, between 2010 and 2012. Immediately outside the caves, we sampled several microhabitats for comparison. We estimated richness, abundance, and taxonomic distinctness of the communities. We recorded 1,941 individuals of 344 morphospecies. Caves from São Domingos showed a higher species richness and were more taxonomic distinct than caves from Posse. Most morphospecies were considered troglophiles (188). We also found one trogloxene and one troglobite, as well as nine troglomorphic taxa that possibly are troglobitic as well. Both regions have markedly singular caves regarding its subterranean fauna, with high values of taxonomic distinctness. However, the richer caves were not necessarily the most taxonomic distinct. Conservation measures are especially necessary in the region of Posse, where caves are not legally protected and are within an area of significant urbanization. Cave entrances of Posse are near deforested vicinities, in some cases with domestic wastes and cement plants nearby.
Reputation and Investor Activism: A Structural Approach

We measure the impact of reputation for proxy fighting on investor activism by estimating a dynamic model in which activists engage a sequence of target firms. Our estimation produces an evolving reputation measure for each activist and quantifies its impact on campaign frequency and outcomes. We find that high reputation activists initiate 3.5 times as many campaigns and extract 85% more settlements from targets, and that reputation-building incentives explain 20% of campaign initiations and 19% of proxy fights. Our estimates indicate these reputation effects combine to nearly double the value activism adds for target shareholders.
Hiv Controllers Maintain Viral Suppression Despite Waning T-Cell Responses On Art.

AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5308 found reduced T-cell activation and exhaustion in HIV controllers initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). We further assessed HIV-specific T-cell responses and post-ART viral loads. Pre-ART, the 31% of participants with persistently undetectable viremia had more robust HIV-specific T-cell responses. On ART, significant decreases were observed in a broad range of T-cell responses. Eight controllers in A5308 and the SCOPE cohort showed no viremia above the level of quantification in the first 12 weeks after ART discontinuation. ART significantly reduced HIV-specific T-cell responses in HIV controllers but did not adversely affect controller status after ART discontinuation.
Electronic correlation induced expansion of Fermi pockets inδ-plutonium

Plutonium is a critically important material as the behavior of its 5f-electrons stands midway between the metallic-like itinerant character of the light actinides and localized atomic-core-like character of the heavy actinides. The delta-phase of plutonium (delta-Pu), while still itinerant, has a large coherent Kondo peak and strong electronic correlations coming from its near-localized character. Using sophisticated Gutwiller wavefunction and dynamical mean-field theory correlated theories, we study for the first time the Fermi surface and associated mass renormalizations of delta-Pu together with calculations of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) frequencies. We find a large (200%) correlation-induced volume expansion in both the hole and electron pockets of the Fermi surface in addition to an intermediate mass enhancement. All of the correlated electron theories predict, approximately, the same hole pocket placement in the Brillouin zone, which is different from that obtained in conventional density-functional band-structure theory, whereas the electron pockets from all theories are in, roughly, the same place.
Optimization of wind energy conversion systems – an artificial intelligent approach

The environmentally friendly wind energy conversion system has become one of the most studied branches of sustainable energy. Like many other power generator, maximum power point tracking is an easy yet effective way to boost the efficiency of the conversion system. In this research, a modified Electromagnetism-like Mechanism Algorithm (EM) is proposed for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme of a micro-wind energy conversion system (WECS). In contrast with the random search steps used in a conventional EM, modified EM is enhanced with a Split, Probe, and Compare (SPC-EM) feature which ensures solutions with higher accuracies quicker by not having to scrutinize the search in details at the beginning stages of the iterations. Experiments and simulations are carried to test the SPC-EM in tracking the maximum power point under different wind profiles. Results indicate that the performance of the modified EM showed significant improvement over the conventional EM in the benchmarking. It can thus be concluded that based on the simulations, the SPC-EM performs well as an MPPT scheme in a micro-WECS.
A Discussion of Non‐Gaussian Price Processes for Energy and Commodity Operations

Energy sources and commodities exhibit high price risk. This risk is thus an important feature of operational models of the value chains for these goods. These models typically employ Gaussian‐based representations of the evolution of this uncertainty. This approach facilitates the optimization of operational policies but is at odds with empirical facts about energy and commodity prices, which are better captured by non‐Gaussian processes. We discuss this alternative modeling strategy, focusing on Lévy processes. As an illustration, we show that it substantially increases the optimal policy value in a simplified merchant natural gas storage setting. Further, we highlight potential implications of using this approach to formulate realistic energy and commodity operations models. Our work has broader relevance for modeling the dynamics of both other market variables and operational quantities, such as exchange rates and demand forecasts. The study of how the adoption of non‐Gaussian processes may impact energy and commodity operations is an appealing area for future research.
Are the Big 4 Audit Firms Homogeneous? Further Evidence from Audit Pricing

We provide new evidence on audit pricing differences within the Big 4 audit firms in the U.S. market. Specifically, we show that PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) consistently earns above-average audit fee premiums relative to the other Big 4 firms. The industry expertise research stream argues that an audit firm with greater competency will be able to differentiate itself from its competitors in terms of within-industry market share and charge an audit fee premium for its services. We find that PwC has maintained its leadership position as the market share leader across most industries in the U.S. market. More important, we also find that the evidence of an “industry specialist” audit fee premium is consistently observed for the group of PwC specialists, but not for the group of other (non-PwC) specialists. Thus, the existing literature appears to have confounded a generalized PwC fee premium (as was first observed by Simunic [1980]) with an industry specialist fee premium in U.S. audit markets.
Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method

The agricultural sector production in developing countries is highly dependent on rains, being affected by scarcity periods and important water resource reductions in summers. It is very common in countries of the Mediterranean basin that need to pump water for the irrigation of crops, mainly due to the problems of drought and shortage of surface water for irrigation. The water pumping from the subsoil can be then assumed as annual, seasonal or direct, identifying different types of energy sources such as fossil fuels —mainly diesel equipment—, direct supply from grid or PV power plants — isolated or connected to the grid through net-balance system—, which are required to be applied by the agricultural sector. It can be affirmed that the majority of the commercially available water pumps run with electricity generated by Diesel engines and renewables, more specifically photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies, which have become a competitive alternative to pump water with real advantages over traditional fuel-driven generators. However, PV Water Pumping (PVWP) solutions have been marginally implemented; being considered as an electric energy source mainly in remote locations or through hybrid solutions. This paper describes a multidimensional methodology assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping with their potential combinations of aggregated agricultural areas, aquifer depth, and irrigation crop requirements, to determine the optimum or suitable size for future implementation of the most advantageous system, according to the aquifer depth and the water endowment defined. For that, this paper uses the SIMUS method for the assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping, with their potential combinations, by considering specific water aspects of the Spanish studied area (Castilla La Mancha, Spain).