Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Die benutting van direkte bemarking op ’n geïntegreerde promosiestrategie

Hedendaagse ondernemings bevind hulself in ’n hoogs kompeterende en dinamiese omgewing. Die onderneming wat egter bo die res gaan uitstyg, is die wat vir hul kliente omgee en die waarde en voordele van hul produkte en dienste suksesvol onder die aandag van die kliente bring. Die oorlewing en groei van ondernemings gaan dus afhang van hoe goed hulle in kliente se behoeftes kan voorsien (Marcus, 2003). Die fokus van hierdie studie is op die aanwending van direkte bemarkingsinstrumente as deel van ’n geintegreerde bemarkingskommunikasie program te vorm. Die doel van sodanige strategie is om klientekontak te optimaliseer en handelsmerk lojaliteit te bevorder. Dit sal nie net die effektiwiteit van die verskillende bemarkingsinstrumente verbeter nie, maar kan ook aan ondernemings ’n substansiele mededingende voordeel bied.
Regeneration of adenosine triphosphate from glycolytic intermediates for cell-free protein synthesis.

A new approach for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration in a cell-free protein synthesis system is described. We first show that pyruvate can be used as a secondary energy source to replace or supplement the conventional secondary energy source, phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP). We also report that glucose-6-phosphate, an earlier intermediate of the glycolytic pathway, can be used for ATP regeneration. These new methods provide more stable maintenance of ATP concentration during protein synthesis. Because pyruvate and glucose-6-phosphate are the first and last intermediates of the glycolytic pathway, respectively, the results also suggest the possibility of using any glycolytic intermediate, or even glucose, for ATP regeneration in a cell-free protein synthesis system. As a result, the methods described provide cell-free protein synthesis with greater flexibility and cost efficiency.
Chromosomal changes and correspondingly altered proto-oncogene expression in human gliomas. Value of combined cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis.

A combined cytogenetic and molecular genetic study was performed to analyze seven primary brain tumors: one oligoastrocytoma WHO-grade II, one anaplastic astrocytoma grade III, one anaplastic astrocytoma grade III/IV and four glioblastomas by G-banding and RNA dot blotting. A normal karyotype was found in the oligoastrocytoma. One of the two anaplastic astrocytomas (male) contained cells with a normal karyotype and cells with a Y-chromosomal loss, and the other one showed structural abnormalities too complex for complete analysis in mostly polyploid cells. Two of the four glioblastomas had few and the other two multiple chromosomal changes such as +7, +20, -8, -9 del(9)(p21), -10, del(10)(q24), -13,14, del(17)(p21), -22, add(3)(q13), double minutes and marker chromosomes. Compared to normal brain, all tumors had an increased EGFr and both anaplastic astrocytomas as well as three glioblastomas a decreased H-ras expression. The two glioblastomas with multiple chromosomal changes showed increased EGFr, Ki-ras, myb, mos and myc, decreased H-ras and N-ras and unchanged levels of abl, src and sis. Both the cytogenetic and molecular genetic findings are compatible even in the case of chromosomal losses, where the genes on the remaining allele may be responsible for dominant gene regulation mechanisms which result in a protooncogene overexpression. Our findings indicate that, apart from proto-oncogene overexpression, other mechanisms, e.g. tumor suppressor gene inactivation, are important for glial tumorigenesis. Karyotypic analysis makes it possible to search specifically for genetic events still unknown but arising from particular chromosomal changes.
Scenario Planning Potential In Bulgarian Ict Sector And Public Administration

Scenario planning has been among the world’s top 25 management tools annually in the last 20 years. Despite its popularity in developed economies for over 40 years, it is rarely used in transition economies. While public administrations of old EU member states and the European Commission itself institutionalize foresight, Bulgaria still only pilots it here and there. The paper explores the conditionalities for scenario planning implementation by companies in the ICT sector and by public administration in Bulgaria. The sectors were chosen because scenario planning is considered to be a managerial method to cope with complexity and both domains are exemplary complex. The paper ranges diffusion channels for scenario planning and argues that its potential in public administration (government) is significantly lower than within three groups of companies (Bulgarian ICT firms with own brands on international markets, foreign ICT firms with R&D centers in Bulgaria and local start-ups that target global markets), relatively the same as other four groups (foreign ICT firms without local R&D centers, ICT insourcing firms, non-ICT companies and ICT business associations) and exceeds only Bulgarian ICT firms that work entirely on domestic market. However it could be effectively used within e-government requirements engineering and pre-commercial procurement.
The Impact of Strategic Planning in Palestinian Municipalities on the Quality of Service Provided to Its Citizens

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of strategic planning in Palestinian Municipalities on the Quality of service provided to citizens. Secondary data were obtained by reviewing journals, books, bulletins, textbooks, scientific articles, newspapers, periodicals etc. Primary data was collected by a specific questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of (45) items divided into three main sections: personal information, the strategic planning, and the dimensions of the quality. A random sample of One hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were distributed to the employees of Jenin Municipality, one hundred and fourteen (114) questionnaires were retrieved and 6 cases were (missing cases). The researcher adopted SERVQUAL model in this study and made some adaptation on it to match the main objectives of the study. In order to answer the study question the researcher followed the analytical descriptive approach and tested three main hypotheses which were clarified in the study. The Main findings showed that strategic planning has a positive correlation and impact on the quality of the service provided to citizens, as well as the sub-hypothesis, (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, and assurance) examined by the view of respondents and this applies to all the four factors (vision, mission, objectives, and the strategic choices), the level of satisfaction of the quality of the service provided by Jenin municipality which was measured by the employees was moderate. The researcher recommended the Palestinian Municipalities to promote quality culture and encourage employees to participate in continuous improvement processes and opportunities for creativity and innovation.
Comparative intravascular ultrasound analysis of ostial disease in the left main versus the right coronary artery.

BACKGROUND Significant aorto-ostial disease is difficult to evaluate with angiography and sometimes even with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). METHODS We used IVUS to compare ostial lesions in the left main coronary (LMCA, n = 45) versus the right coronary artery (RCA, n = 50). IVUS measurements were performed each 1 mm beginning within the ostium and continuing to the distal reference segment. Negative remodeling was defined as a remodeling index (lesion/distal reference arterial area) < 0.95. RESULTS Patient age was 66 +/- 11 years in the LMCA group and 66 +/- 11 years in the RCA group; 56% of the LMCA ostial lesions and 46% of RCA ostial lesions were in males, and 35% of the LMCA ostial lesions and 20% of the RCA ostial lesions were in diabetics. With the exception of a smaller minimum lumen area (p < 0.0001) and distal reference plaque burden (p = 0.002) in ostial RCA lesions and a larger eccentricity index in ostial LMCA lesions (p = 0.001), both sites were remarkably similar. Both ostial LMCA and RCA lesions were short, had modest amounts of calcium, had modest plaque burdens, but had a marked frequency of negative remodeling (84% in LMCA and 86% in RCA; p = 1.0). CONCLUSION IVUS morphometry is similar in ostial LMCA and RCA lesions; negative remodeling is the dominant contributor to lumen compromise in both locations.
The Triggers or Precipitants of the Acute Migraine Attack

The aim of this study was to evaluate and define the triggers of the acute migraine attack. Patients rated triggers on a 0-3 scale for the average headache. Demographics, prodrome, aura, headache characteristics, postdrome, medication responsiveness, acute and chronic disability, sleep characteristics and social and personal characteristics were also recorded. One thousand two hundred and seven International Classification of Headache Disorders-2 (1.1-1.2, and 1.5.1) patients were evaluated, of whom 75.9% reported triggers (40.4% infrequently, 26.7% frequently and 8.8% very frequently). The trigger frequencies were stress (79.7%), hormones in women (65.1%), not eating (57.3%), weather (53.2%), sleep disturbance (49.8%), perfume or odour (43.7%), neck pain (38.4%), light(s) (38.1%), alcohol (37.8%), smoke (35.7%), sleeping late (32.0%), heat (30.3%), food (26.9%), exercise (22.1%) and sexual activity (5.2%). Triggers were more likely to be associated with a more florid acute migraine attack. Differences were seen between women and men, aura and no aura, episodic and chronic migraine, and between migraine and probable migraine.
Windows 10 security hardening using device guard whitelisting and Applocker blacklisting

In the estimated $2.1 trillion enterprise of cyber-crime, 95% of threats are attributed to human errors. Most of these errors concern infected attachments or following URLs to infected websites. This paper provides a low-cost solution that uses semi-automated trusted software publisher whitelisting to make it theoretically impossible for current-day malware to execute directly on Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 systems. Specifically, the paper develops and tests Device Guard's ability to scan, auto-build and centrally deploy code integrity policies that permit only programs from trusted publishers to execute. Furthermore, the paper documents the process of hardening trusted software via AppLocker and Group Policy to prevent indirect interpretation of malicious code. The approach is based off the NSA endorsed SeLinux application whitelisting project for Linux (common in security-critical environments), but without high setup cost the typically associated with whitelisting.
Indirect and nonmedical costs among people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis compared with nonarthritic controls.

OBJECTIVE Compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) is considered much more benign and much less costly. We sought to describe the economic effects of RA and OA, in terms of the indirect and nonmedical expenditures, compared to nonarthritic controls. METHODS Using our unique population based data resources, we developed a model for estimating and comparing disease specific costs among 2 randomly selected, community based samples of 200 patients each with RA and OA and a control group of 200 individuals from the same community who do not have arthritis. Data were collected using a pretested postal survey. Age and sex adjusted comparisons were conducted across the 3 groups, and predictors of cost and utilization were identified using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS There were 123, 116, and 94 respondents among the RA, OA, and nonarthritis groups, respectively. The average age and the female-to-male ratios were higher in the OA and RA groups compared to the nonarthritis group. Patients with RA and OA required 3 times more days of care for their conditions compared to nonarthritics (p < 0.0001) and incurred significantly more expenditures for home or child care (p = 0.01) and other services (p = 0.001) (i.e., medical equipment, assistive devices, or home remodeling) compared to nonarthritics. In addition, patients with RA were significantly more likely to have lost their job or to have retired early due to their illness (p = 0.001); were the most likely to have reduced their work hours or stopped working entirely due to their illness (p = 0.003); and were 3 times more likely to have had a reduction in household family income than either individuals with OA or those without arthritis (p = 0.0001). Fifteen percent of respondents with RA were unable to get a job because of their illness, while 3% of respondents with OA and only 1% of nonarthritic respondents reported this experience (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that functional status and pain score, as well as the presence of either RA or OA, were significant predictors of cost and health services utilization. CONCLUSION Disease specific indirect and nonmedical costs for OA are substantial and approach those for RA. This has important societal implications, given the high prevalence of OA.
The importance of transmission electron microscopy analysis of spermatozoa: Diagnostic applications and basic research

ABSTRACT This review is aimed at discussing the role of ultrastructural studies on human spermatozoa and evaluating transmission electron microscopy as a diagnostic tool that can complete andrology protocols. It is clear that morphological sperm defects may explain decreased fertilizing potential and acquire particular value in the field of male infertility. Electron microscopy is the best method to identify systematic or monomorphic and non-systematic or polymorphic sperm defects. The systematic defects are characterized by a particular anomaly that affects the vast majority of spermatozoa in a semen sample, whereas a heterogeneous combination of head and tail defects found in variable percentages are typically non-systematic or polymorphic sperm defects. A correct diagnosis of these specific sperm alterations is important for choosing the male infertility’s therapy and for deciding to turn to assisted reproduction techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) also represents a valuable method to explore the in vitro effects of different compounds (for example drugs with potential spermicidal activity) on the morphology of human spermatozoa. Finally, TEM used in combination with immunohistochemical techniques, integrates structural and functional aspects that provide a wide horizon in the understanding of sperm physiology and pathology.Abbreviations: transmission electron microscopy: TEM; World Health Organization: WHO; light microscopy: LM; motile sperm organelle morphology examination: MSOME; intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection: IMSI; intracytoplasmic sperm injection: ICSI; dysplasia of fibrous sheath: DFS; primary ciliary dyskinesia: PCD; outer dense fibers: ODF; assisted reproduction technologies: ART; scanning electron microscopy: SEM; polyvinylpirrolidone: PVP; tert-butylhydroperoxide: TBHP
Cost–Utility Analysis of Cochlear Implantation in Australian Adults

Objectives: Sequential and simultaneous bilateral cochlear implants are emerging as appropriate treatment options for Australian adults with sensory deficits in both cochleae. Current funding of Australian public hospitals does not provide for simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) as a separate surgical procedure. Previous cost-effectiveness studies of sequential and simultaneous bilateral CI assumed 100% of unilaterally treated patients’ transition to a sequential bilateral CI. This assumption does not place cochlear implantation in the context of the generally treated population. When mutually exclusive treatment options exist, such as unilateral CI, sequential bilateral CI, and simultaneous bilateral CI, the mean costs of the treated populations are weighted in the calculation of incremental cost–utility ratios. The objective was to evaluate the cost–utility of bilateral hearing aids (HAs) compared with unilateral, sequential, and simultaneous bilateral CI in Australian adults with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Research Design: Cost–utility analysis of secondary sources input to a Markov model. Setting: Australian health care perspective, lifetime horizon with costs and outcomes discounted 5% annually. Intervention: Bilateral HAs as treatment for bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss compared with unilateral, sequential, and simultaneous bilateral CI. Main Outcome Measures: Incremental costs per quality adjusted life year (AUD/QALY). Results: When compared with bilateral hearing aids the incremental cost–utility ratio for the CI treatment population was AUD11,160/QALY. The incremental cost–utility ratio was weighted according to the number of patients treated unilaterally, sequentially, and simultaneously, as these were mutually exclusive treatment options. Conclusion: No peer-reviewed articles have reported the incremental analysis of cochlear implantation in a continuum of care for surgically treated populations with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Unilateral, sequential, and simultaneous bilateral CI were cost-effective when compared with bilateral hearing aids. Technologies that reduce the total number of visits for a patient could introduce additional cost efficiencies into clinical practice.
Functional Characterization of the Internal Ribosome Entry Site of eIF4G mRNA*

The eIF4 group initiation factors are required for cap-dependent translation initiation. Infection of mammalian cells by picornaviruses results in proteolytic cleavage of one of these factors, eIF4G, which severely restricts cap-dependent initiation but permits cap-independent initiation to proceed from an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in picornaviral RNAs. The first 357 nucleotides (nt) of the 5′-untranslated region of eIF4G mRNA also contains an IRES. Using bicistronic constructs for expression in K562 cells, we have now shown that progressive deletions of the 5′-untranslated region can have either stimulatory or inhibitory effects. Furthermore, a 101-nt segment exhibits full IRES activity, and an 81-nt segment exhibits detectable IRES activity. A polypyrimidine tract (PPT) at the 3′ terminus is essential for internal initiation, a property which is characteristic of picornaviral IRESs but not the other host cellular IRESs studied to date. IRES activity does not require sequences beyond 357 nt. Out-of-frame AUGs have no effect on IRES-driven luciferase expression when introduced upstream of the PPT but markedly decrease expression when introduced at sites between the PPT and the authentic initiation codon at nt 369. These results suggest that the ribosomal subunit enters at or near the PPT and then scans downstream for the initiation codon.
Infarcted Adenomatoid Tumor: A Report of Five Cases of a Facet of a Benign Neoplasm That May Cause Diagnostic Difficulty

We describe five cases in which adenomatoid tumors showed extensive necrosis, presumably due to infarction, and posed diagnostic difficulty. The tumors occurred in four males (three with epididymal tumors and one with an intratesticular tumor) and one female (with a parafallopian tube tumor) 35 to 44 years of age. Two of the men presented with acute scrotal pain simulating epididymitis, and two with a palpable mass. The parafallopian tube tumor was an incidental finding. The tumors were solitary, grossly well-circumscribed, uniformly solid masses that ranged in size from 1.1 to 3.5 cm. Microscopically, they were all characterized by central necrosis with pale mummified adenomatoid tumor identified at least focally but often overshadowed by nondescript necrotic tissue. Viable adenomatoid tumor was identified in all cases but was minor in amount in two of them. The necrosis was surrounded by a florid reactive process of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that had plump nuclei often with prominent nucleoli, and occasional mitoses. Two of the epididymal cases had adjacent rete testis showing epithelial hyperplasia with hyaline globule formation. The microscopic appearance often suggested the possibility of a malignant neoplasm because of: 1) blurring of the normal relatively easily identifiable junction between adenomatoid tumor and adjacent tissue; 2) irregular pseudo-infiltration of fat by reactive tissue and adenomatoid tumor; 3) paucity of typical adenomatoid tumor due to the infarction and the fact that viable tumor usually showed a solid pattern; and 4) atypia of the associated reactive cells. This unemphasized feature of adenomatoid tumors may potentially lead to more aggressive therapy than warranted if it is not correctly interpreted.
Telomerase activity in precancerous hepatic nodules

Recent studies have demonstrated that telomerase, a reverse transcriptase linked to cellular "immortalization," is activated in a variety of malignant human tumors. This study was conducted to determine whether telomerase activity represents a marker of malignant transformation in precancerous (dysplastic) nodules arising in patients with cirrhosis.
Intra‐abdominal Fibromatosis: A Pathologic Analysis of 130 Tumors with Comparison of Clinical Subgroups

We studied the clinical, gross, and histologic findings of 130 fibromatoses of the mesentery and other peritoneal sites. Seventeen patients had Gardner syndrome, 12 had prior abdominal surgery, and six had apparent estrogen elevation, including five pregnant or postpartum women and an alcoholic male with gynecomastia. The tumors were usually large and grossly circumscribed. Most ofte, they were located in the mesentery of the small bowel. They were multiple in 18 cases. Typical histologic features included a dense, collagenous stroma; prominent, dilated, thin-walled vessels; muscular hyperplasia of small arteries; keloidal change; myxoid change; and fibrous tissue insinuation into the muscularis propria of the bowel. Although mitoses were noted in many tumors, they were usually few in number. The gross and histologic features were similar in the clinical subgroups; however, keloidal change was seen less often in female patients. Less than half of the cases were initially correctly diagnosed. Most patients without Gardner syndrome were without recurrence at follow-up, even when the lesions had been incompletely excised.
Exercise training-induced hypervolemia: role of plasma albumin, renin, and vasopressin.

To investigate the time course and mechanism of the increase in blood volume (BV) during isotonic exercise training, blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma volume (PV), osmotic, electrolyte, renin activity (PRA), vasopressin (AVP), and protein fractions were measured periodically in eight trained men 20-22 yr (Vo2max = 57 ml . min-1 . kg-1) before, during, and after ergometer exercise training (approximately 160 W, 65% Vo2max) for 2 h/day for 8 days. During training, plasma total osmolar and albumin contents increased to maintain a constant plasma osmolality and protein concentration during PV expansion. After training, BV increased by 457 ml (+8.1% P less than 0.05), due to an increase in PV of 427 ml (+12.1%, P less than 0.05); red cell volume was essentially constant (delta = +30 ml, NS). Plasma hypervolemia during training was associated with two major factors: 1) a ninefold elevation in PRA and AVP during exercise that facilitated Na+ and H2O retention, and 2) a progressive, chronic increase in plasma albumin content that provided increased H2O-binding capacity for the blood. Thus an efficient procedure for increasing PV is the daily performance of high-intensity isotonic leg exercise (65% Vo2max) for 2 h/day.