Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review on Assessment of Public Health Hazards of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aurous (MRSA) in Animals and Foods

Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium present on skin and in mucous membranes in 20-30% of healthy people. It may sometimes cause infections in humans, typically local skin and wound infections but occasionally more severe infections in the body. Some strains of this bacterium have, however, developed a resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics which includes penicillins and are used for the treatment of many infections. These are called Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Humans mainly acquire MRSA through direct contact between infected humans or contact with medical devices and equipment. MRSA is especially problematic in hospitals where patients with weakened immune systems are at greater risk of infection than the general public. A specific MRSA strain has been reported to occur in food-producing animals, most often in intensively reared pigs, veal calves and chickens, and has also been found in horses and companion animals. Reports on Biological Hazards found that food may be contaminated by MRSA, but it has not been associated with food-borne intoxications. However, in areas where MRSA prevalence in food-producing animals is high, people in contact with live animals are at greater risk of acquiring MRSA than the general population, although infections are rare. Keywords : MRSA, Health hazard, animals, Food
Role of In-Service Promoted Secondary School Heads in Strengthening Secondary Education in Kohat Division (Pakistan)

The purpose of the current paper was to explore the role of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education. The objectives of the study were: (a) to investigate the role of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education; (b) to investigate the weak areas of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education; and (c) to suggest workable recommendations to improve the administrative performance of in-service promoted secondary school heads. All the teachers and students at secondary school level in Kohat Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) constituted the population of the study. The study was delimited to male secondary school heads, teachers and students only. The study was further delimited to 30 secondary schools in each district of Kohat Division i.e., Karak, Kohat and Hangu. In order to ensure adequate representation of the population, 450 teachers and 900 students were selected through simple random sampling technique. The nature of the study was descriptive and questionnaires were used as research instrument. Pilot testing was conducted to eliminate the weaknesses, misconceptions and ambiguities of the questions in the questionnaires. Data was collected through personal visits. Then it was organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. Statistical tools, i.e., percentage and chi square were used for the statistical treatment of the data. After analysis of the data, the researchers arrived at the conclusions that the overall administrative performance of in-service promoted secondary school heads was ineffective and unproductive. They lack the qualities of effective leadership and successful administration. Based on findings of the study, it is strongly recommended that a special professional training programme regarding school administration and management should be institutionalized so that in-service promoted secondary school heads may be equipped with the modern techniques of school management and administration. KEYWORDS: Role, In-service Promoted Secondary School Heads, Strengthening, Secondary Education
DESIGN OF A NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION TO IMPROVEMENT POWER QUALITY IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

DGs have two operation environments: a standalone ac system and a grid-interconnection to the utility mains. This paper presents the converters of DGs in distribution network, especially in microgrid, employing an integrated control algorithm, which is composed of interconnect control module and island control module, to ensure the converters of DGs operate stably and maintain the network power quality. In a grid-interconnection operation modl, to fundamental components, the proposed control scheme adopted PI feedback and source voltage feed-forward to track fundamental command accurately. And to harmonic components, the proposed control scheme adopted deadbeat controller to compensate the harmonic current rapidly. In a standalone operation modl, the real power- phase angle (P-ω) droop, the reactive power-voltage (Q-v) droop, and harmonic power-equivalent impedance (H-X) droop technique has been used as load-sharing scheme. Experimental results from a prototype system consisting of two 2-kVA inverter modules verified the efficiency.
Non‐target organism risk assessment of MIR604 maize expressing mCry3A for control of corn rootworm

Abstract: Event MIR604 maize expresses a modified Cry3A protein (mCry3A), for control of corn rootworm. As part of the environmental safety assessment of MIR604 maize, risks to non‐target organisms of mCry3A were assessed. The potential exposure of non‐target organisms to mCry3A following cultivation of MIR604 maize was determined, and the hypothesis that such exposure is not harmful was tested. The hypothesis was tested rigorously by making worst‐case or highly conservative assumptions about exposure, along with laboratory testing for hazards using species taxonomically related to the target pest and species expected to have high exposure to mCry3A, or both. Further rigour was introduced by study designs incorporating long exposures and measurements of sensitive endpoints. No adverse effects were observed in any study, and in most cases exposure to mCry3A in the study was higher than the worst‐case expected exposure. In all cases, exposure in the study was higher than realistic, but still conservative, estimates of exposure. These results indicate minimal risk of MIR604 maize to non‐target organisms.
Effect of Mental Accounting on Corporate Profitability

This paper focuses on the impact of mental accounting on the performance of corporate organizations, using selected corporate entities in Owerri metropolis. The core objective of the study centres on the extent to which the components of mental accounting (including transaction utility, categorization process, and choice bracketing) affect the profitability of corporate entities. The survey research design approach was employed in generating data using structured questionnaire, while the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed in testing the formulated hypotheses at 5% level of significance. The reliability of the instrument was measured using cronbach test, and a coefficient reliability of 95.6% was obtained. It was found that no significant relationship exists between transaction utility (TU), choice bracketing (CB), and corporate profitability, while a significant relationship exists between categorization process (CP) and corporate profitability. Furthermore, the F-test shows that all the three components of mental accounting jointly affect corporate profitability significantly the recommendation therefore follows that every economic transaction ought to be ideally classified in the books of accounts irrespective of the perception or mentality of the person/organization involved in the transaction. Again, costbenefit analysis is indispensable amid mental accounting practices to ensure that risks are adequately matched against associated returns. Keywords: Mental Accounting, Transaction Utility, Categorization Process, Choice Bracketing, Mental perception
Evaluation of Salinity Stress on Marigold’s Growth with Bacteria Inoculation

This study was performed to Evaluation of salinity stress on marigold’s growth with Bacteria inoculation with afactorial experimental design and 3 replications. First factor was bacteria (inoculated and no inoculated) and second factor was salinity stress (control, 2, 4 and 8dS/m). After the experiment, some morphological characters and morphological of marigold were evaluated such as height, yield of fresh and dried flowers, number of flowers per plant, grain yield, petals, seed weight. Totally, it was founded that with increased stress levels from 0 to 8dS, the height, fresh yield of flowers, yield of flower dry weight, number of flowers per plant, grain yield, petals and seed weight, showed 43, 60, 56, 17, 64, 15 and 30percent of reduction, respectively. Also, it was determined that the using of bacteria can reduce the effects of stress on marigold.
On the capacitance of crystalline silicon solar cells in steady state

In this work, an analytical approach is presented for modeling the capacitance of crystalline silicon solar cells. Based on a one-dimensional modeling of the cell, the excess minority carrier density, the photovoltage, and the capacitance are calculated. The motivation of this work are two-fold: to show base doping density and illumination effects on the capacitance of silicon solar cells, and to propose a determination technique for both dark capacitance and base doping density from C-V characteristics.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation in Erythrina velutina Willd. seeds subjected to abiotic stresses during germination

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different abiotic stresses on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and on accumulation of proline in Erythrina velutina Willd. seeds during germination. Mulungu seeds were scarified and placed to germinate at constant temperatures of 15, 25, and 35 °C, moistened with distilled water, and exposed to 12 h of light. Other seeds were exposed to solutions of NaCl (EC of 0, 4, and 8 dS.m -1 ) and polyethylene glycol (osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.2, and - 0.6 MPa) and maintained in a germination chamber set at 25 °C and 12 h photoperiod for seven days. At the end of each period of imbibition, the embryonic axis and cotyledons of the seedlings were collected separately and used to quantify proline content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These were detected in both the cotyledons and embryonic axis of the mulungu seeds. Antioxidant activity varied depending upon the type and degree of stress applied. It was concluded that under the aspect of the detoxification process, the mechanism found in mulungu seeds is more efficient when subjected to different temperatures followed by salt stress and water stress.
Nitric oxide level and von Willebrand factor (vWF) secretion are not candidate markers of endothelial cell dysfunction in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depleted endothelial cells

Endothelial cells under physiological conditions can alter energy balance by alteration in synthesis,metabolism and transport of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which failed during endothelial cell dysfunction. ATP depleted endothelial cells are unable to perform their physiological functions as energy dependent protein secretion. Isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) from fresh umbilical cords were treated with 10 mM 2-deoxyglucose and 0.1 pg/ml of oligomycin for 6 h to induce ATP depletion. Nitric oxide (NO), von Willebrand factor (vWF), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and trypan-blue exclusion were compared between treated and untreated cells. We observed a slight decrease in nitric oxide levels (P = 0.09) and vWF (P = 0.395) in the setting of 49.36% ATP depletion. There was no significant change in LDH release and cell viability between treated and untreated cells (P > 0.05). Since vWF exocytosis is an energy consuming process, decreased secretion of vWF in the isolated near-half percent of ATP depletion is not seemingly at odds. The application of vWF exocytosis fades as a candidate marker for ATP depletion induced injury, in cultured endothelial cells. Nitric oxide level and vWF secretion are not candidate markers of endothelial cell dysfunction in isolated partial ATP- depleted HUVECs. Measures such as arachidonic acid synthesis may be better alternatives. Key words : Endothelial cell dysfunction, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, nitric oxide, von Willebrand factor (vWF).
Short- and long-term natural regeneration after windthrow disturbances in Norway spruce forests in Bulgaria

Abstract: Norway spruce forests are among the forests most affected by natural disturbances in Europe. One of the key aspects is the regeneration of the disturbed areas, which is decisive for later forest development. We studied the natural regeneration after two windthrows that occurred 30 (1983) and 50 years ago (1962) in an old-growth forest over 150-year-old in the Parangalitsa Reserve and a recent windthrow (2001) in a 130-year-old single cohort forest in the Bistrishko branishte Reserve in Bulgaria. We set up study plots along transects, counted regeneration and substrates, and analyzed age using tree rings. Post-disturbance regeneration made up 62-81% of all recorded trees and was more important than advance regeneration, but it strongly differed among the windthrows. Our data indicated two discrete peaks of post-disturbance regeneration. The first peak started immediately after the windthrows and was dominated by Norway spruce and rowan, while the second one started about 30 years later and was dominated by spruce. Pioneers such as Populus tremula, Salix caprea and Pinus sylvestris were less prominent than expected, contributing up to 21% of the total regeneration. Despite the fact that the highest density of initial regeneration was found on mounds from uprooted trees, the largest total number in the three studied areas was on intact forest floor, which hosted between 69 and 80% of all regeneration. The importance of coarse woody debris rose significantly two to three decades after the disturbances and was particularly important for the secondary regeneration, which consisted of Picea abies and Abies alba.
Hybrid resolution approaches for dynamic assignment problem of reusable containers

In this study, we are interested in the reusing activities of reverse logistics. We focus on the dynamic assignment of reusable containers problem (e.g. gas bottles, beverages, pallets, maritime containers, etc.). The objective is to minimize the collect, reloading, storage and redistribution operations costs over a fixed planning horizon taking into account the greenhouse gas emissions. We present a new generic Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model for the problem. The proposed model was solved using the IBM ILOG CPLEX optimization software; this method yield exact solutions, but it is very time consuming. So we adapted two hybrid approaches using a genetic algorithm to solve the problem at a reduced time (The second hybrid approach is enhanced with a local search procedure based on the Variable Neighborhood Search VNS). The numerical results show that both developed hybrid approaches generate high-quality solutions in a moderate computational time, especially the second hybrid method.
DIETARY OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS PREVENT ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE ATPASE REDUCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of flaxseed oil and fish oil administration on erythrocyte membrane phospholipids fractions and their role on the activities of membrane bound enzymes in experimental diabetic rats. Methods: sixty male albino rats were used in this study and classified into six groups including control, flaxseed oil, fish oil, diabetic, treated flaxseed oil and treated fish oil groups. Fasting blood sugar, urinary isoprostane, erythrocyte membrane ATPase were determined. Fractionation of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids was carried out by HPLC using stainless steel phenomenx bond with 250x 4.60 mm, 5μl silica. Photodiode array UV-visible detector was used and set at 203nm. Results: Fasting blood glucose was elevated in diabetic group concomitant with the elevation of urinary isoprostane and phospholipids fractions, in addition to a reduction of erythrocyte membrane ATPase. However, supplemented oils improved these complications. Conclusion: flaxseed and fish oils have an important effects in improving cell membrane phospholipids and decreasing oxidative stress in addition to the prevention of ATPase reduction during diabetes. However, fish oil is more potent than flaxseed oil in attenuating diabetic complications.
Impact of Demographic Factors on Impulse Buying Behavior of Consumers in Multan-Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of demographic factors (gender, age, income, and education) on impulse buying behavior of consumers in Multan. The study adopted quantitative approach. A structured questionnaire was used to survey 250 respondents (104 males and 146 females) who were selected using non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected in different educational institutions of Multan. Different statistical methods like multiple regression, chi-square test and simple descriptive techniques were used to derive results from the data collected with the help of SPSS 17.0. The multiple regression and chi-square test results revealed that gender and age were significantly and inversely associated with impulse buying behavior of consumers. The results further indicated that income and education were significantly and directly associated with impulse buying behavior of consumers. The ANOVA results indicated that consumers’ demographic characteristic had significant influence on impulse buying and demographic characteristics (gender, age, income, and education) affect simultaneously impulse buying behavior of consumers. The findings of the study were consistent and supported by previous studies. The study concluded that the demographic factors of consumers (gender, age, income, and education) have significant association with impulse buying behavior. Keywords: Impulse Buying Behavior, Gender, Age, Income, Education
Enhancing the quality of video in a synchronous E-learning tool by taking into account the concepts of change-blindness

Change blindness is the inability to note large changes in two similar photos or video sequences. In the last decade research carried out to understand this phenomenon has given a new understanding of human perceptual system. This understanding can help in solving some of the problems associated with the transmission of video in a synchronous e-learning tool. The paper describes (a) cinematic principles in recording lectures; (b) the concept of change blindness; (c) the ways its understanding can help in making the presentation of video more engrossing; (d) the guidelines it can provide to remove redundant data and enhance the quality of important sections of the video frame so as to improve the transmission of video; and (e) proposed scheme to stream video sequence having optimum perceptual quality by dynamically controlling frame rate and resolution, taking into considerations the concepts of change blindness.
The prevalance of salmonella species among poultry birds in Ekpoma Edo-state, Nigeria.

Fowl typhoid is acute infectious enteritis causing heavy mortality in growers or adult birds; though chicks can be affected. It is caused by the bacterium salmonella enteric Serovars Gallinarum , a member of the family enterobacteriaceae . This research was designed to determine the prevalence of salmonella species among poultry birds in Esan West Local Government Area, Ekpoma, Edo state, Nigeria. A total of 160 faecal samples were collected from Cockerels, Layers, Broilers and Chicks (n=40 each). The samples were then subjected to microbiological analysis using standard biological and biochemical procedures, while the susceptibility patterns of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Of all the samples examined 6 (3.75%) were positive for Salmonella species , 142 (88.75%) were positive for Escherichia coli and 12 (7.5%) were positive for Staphylococus species . The results showed that the prevalence of Salmonella species was relatively lower than envisaged owing to routine vaccination, but more prevalent among cockerels and chicks. Although, susceptibility pattern of fowl typhoid varies with season, type of poultry bird, immunization status and level of hygiene, it is our recommendation that prompt vaccination of poultry birds is important, while basic hygiene practices should be strengthened. Keywords : Prevalence and poultry Birds, Salmonella species in Ekpoma community.
International Human Resource Management Practices in Automotive Industry in Pakistan: Implications for Economic Growth

The purpose of this article is to examine the drivers of global standardization and localization of International Human Resource Management (IHRM) practices internalized by Pakistan’s automotive industry leading to sustainable economic growth. The authors have studied the IHRM determinants influencing the automotive manufacturers, and have assessed its impact on sustainable economic growth. Analysis is developed on the antecedent IHRM theories and literature in the backdrop of Pakistan’s automotive industry. The study highlights the paramount aims of host-country IHRM practices viz global standardization and localization, its impact on host-country organization’s performance and resultant effect on sustainable economic growth. The article has focused, in subtle manner, on improving the explicit understanding on IHRM practices viz global standardization and localization drivers to achieve both growth for the industry and sustainable economic development of the country. The study is based on already generated literature thereby limiting the generalizability thereof, and provides a review of IHRM practices and outcomes in automobile sector in the growth context. The results have presented guidelines to researchers and practitioners doing research in human side in automotive industry providing impetus for growth, both at industry and country level.
Geology and Origin of Supergene Ore at the Lavrion Pb‐Ag‐Zn Deposit, Attica, Greece

The Lavrion carbonate‐hosted Pb‐Ag‐Zn deposit in southeast Attica, Greece, consisted of significant non‐sulfide ore bodies. The polymetallic sulfide mineralization was subjected to supergene oxidation, giving rise to gossan. The principal non‐sulfide minerals of past economic importance were smithsonite, goethite and hematite. The supergene mineral assemblages occupy secondary open spaces and occur as replacement pods within marble. Calamine and iron ore mainly filled open fractures. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy of samples of oxidized ore indicate complex gossan mineralogy depending on the hypogene mineralogy, the degree of oxidation and leaching of elements, and the local hydrologic conditions. Bulk chemical analysis of the samples indicated high ore‐grade variability of the supergene mineralization. On multivariate cluster analysis of geochemical data the elements were classified into groups providing evidence for their differential mobilization during dissolution, transport and re‐precipitation. The mode of occurrence, textures, mineralogy and geochemistry of the non‐sulfide mineralization confirm that it is undoubtedly of supergene origin: the product of influx into open fractures in the country rock of highly acidic, metal‐rich water resulting from the oxidation of pyrite‐rich sulfide protore. Dissolution of carbonates led to opening of the fractures. Mineral deposition in the supergene ore took place under near‐neutral to mildly acidic conditions. The supergene dissolution and re‐precipitation of Fe and Zn in the host marble increased metal grades and separated iron and zinc from lead, thereby producing economically attractive deposits; it further contributed to minimization of pollution impact on both soil and ground water.