Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Proposed Neurologic Pathway for Scalp Acupuncture: Trigeminal Nerve-Meninges-Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Neurons-Brain.

Abstract Objective: Scalp acupuncture is a somatic stimulation therapy that produces prominent clinical effects when used to treat cerebral diseases. However, this acupuncture's therapeutic mechanisms have not yet been well-addressed. Scalp acupoints are innervated by the trigeminal nerve, which is coincident with the intracranial sensory afferents as well as with the meningeal vessels. In recent years, cerebrospinal fluid–contacting neurons have been found and proved to transmit allergic substances between brain the parenchyma and meninges, representing a possible network between scalp acupuncture and the brain. The aim of the current study was to observe the connections between scalp acupoints and the meninges and to establish a possible mechanism for scalp acupuncture. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the present study. Evans Blue dye (Sigma Chemical Co, St. Louis, MO) was injected though each rat's caudal vein after trigeminal stimulation for plasma extravasat.
The current role of glucose control medications in primary and secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease

In most developed countries cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population, especially among the elderly [1]. CVD causes18 million deaths per year globally and a similar number of nonfatal cardiovascular events [2]. People with Diabetes mellitus (DM) are on average at double the risk of CVD [3]. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, i.e. coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, includes all the actions intended to eliminate or reduce the impact of these disorders and their disabilities in the population or even targeted at individuals.
Post-Injury Administration of Galantamine Reduces Traumatic Brain Injury Pathology and Improves Outcome.

Acetylcholine is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that plays a key role in cognitive function, including learning and memory. Previous studies have shown that experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) reduces cholinergic neurotransmission, decreases evoked release of acetylcholine, and alters cholinergic receptor levels. Galantamine (U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease) has been shown to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity and allosterically potentiate nicotinic receptor signaling. We investigated whether acute administration of galantamine can reduce TBI pathology and improve cognitive function tested days after the termination of the drug treatment. Post-injury administration of galantamine was found to decrease TBI-triggered blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (tested 24 h post-injury), attenuate the loss of both GABAergic and newborn neurons in the ipsilateral hippocampus, and improve hippocampal function (tested 10 days after termination of the drug treatment). Specifically, significant improvements in the Morris water maze, novel object recognition, and context-specific fear memory tasks were observed in injured animals treated with galantamine. Although messenger RNAs for both M1 (Nos2, TLR4, and IL-12ß) and M2 (Arg1, CCL17, and Mcr1) microglial phenotypes were elevated post-TBI, galantamine treatment did not alter microglial polarization tested 24 h and 6 days post-injury. Taken together, these findings support the further investigation of galantamine as a treatment for TBI.
Percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o cuidado a idosos hospitalizados - estudo comparativo entre as regiões Norte e Central de Portugal

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a relacao entre as percepcoes dos enfermeiros sobre o ambiente de cuidado geriatrico (CG) e os conhecimentos e atitudes destes de acordo com o tipo de unidade, considerando as regioes Norte e Central de Portugal. Metodo: estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 1068 enfermeiros portugueses em cinco hospitais. O instrumento foi o Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile - versao em Portugues. Foi utilizado o teste t para amostras independentes quando a suposicao de normalidade foi verificada; caso contrario, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney. O nivel de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: o perfil de percepcoes de cuidado geriatrico mostrou um padrao relativamente homogeneo (nao foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente significantes). Para a escala de ambiente de cuidado geriatrico, apenas as unidades de cuidados intensivos e servico de urgencia apresentaram diferencas significativas em todas as subescalas consideradas (disponibilidade de recursos, cuidado sensivel a idade, valores institucionais; e continuidade do cuidado), com percepcoes mais positivas entre os enfermeiros da regiao Norte. Nas escalas de Questoes Profissionais, somente a escala percepcao da sobrecarga relacionada aos comportamentos perturbadores revelou diferencas significativas entre as regioes em todas as especialidades. Conclusao: os resultados sugerem a necessidade de maior investimento pelos gerentes hospitalares para promover um ambiente de pratica de enfermagem geriatrica e que va ao encontro das necessidades e especificidades das pessoas idosas hospitalizadas.
The incidence of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in head-injured older adults transported by EMS with and without anticoagulant or antiplatelet use.

Field triage guidelines recommend transport of head-injured patients on anticoagulants or antiplatelets to a higher-level trauma center based on studies suggesting a high incidence of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH). We compared the incidence of tICH in older adults transported by EMS with and without anticoagulation or antiplatelet use and evaluated the accuracies of different sets of field triage criteria to identify tICH. This was a prospective, observational study at 5 EMS agencies and 11 hospitals. Older adults (≥55 years) with head trauma and transported by EMS from Aug 2015 to Sept 2016 were eligible. EMS providers completed standardized data forms and patients were followed through ED or hospital discharge. We enrolled 1,304 patients; 1147 (88%) received a cranial CT scan and were eligible for analysis. 434 (33%) patients had anticoagulant or antiplatelet use and 112 (10%) had tICH. The incidence of tICH in patients with (11%, 95%CI 8-14%) and without (9%, 95%CI 7-11%) anticoagulant or antiplatelet use was similar. Anticoagulant or antiplatelet use was not predictive of tICH on adjusted analysis. Steps 1-3 criteria alone were not sensitive in identifying tICH (27%) while the addition of anticoagulant or antiplatelet criterion improved sensitivity (63%). Other derived sets of triage criteria were highly sensitive (>98%) but poorly specific (<11%). The incidence of tICH was similar between patients with and without anticoagulant or antiplatelet use. Use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications was not a risk factor for tICH. We were unable to identify a set of triage criteria that was accurate for trauma center need.
Heuristics Based on Bad Smells for OO Refactoring

Object orientation promotes software reuse which in turn involves reapplying knowledge about one software to reduce the efforts to develop and maintain another software. Refactoring do not change the behavior of the program, they can support design and evolution by restructuring a program in a way that allows changes to be made more easily. Bad smells in the code suggests the possibility of refactoring. This paper presents some of the heuristics based on bad smells in code.
Using Genetic Algorithms to Optimize Web Caching in Multimedia-Integrated e-Learning Content

The evolution of e-learning as a new information technology built around the use of internet has originated new possibilities to develop pedagogical methodologies that provide the necessary knowledge and skills in the higher education environment. This has in effect given rise to a large number of learners who desire to access the educational resources provided by the new technology. But for many institutions of higher learning, the users often experiences poor performance when they try to access contents or download e-learning files. The main reasons for such are often performance problems concerning network infrastructure and the fact that many people tend to access the same piece of information repetitively. This paper uses web caching scheme and genetic algorithm optimization to effectively lessen this service bottleneck, diminish the user access latency and reduce the network traffic.
Personalisierte Therapie des Lungenkarzinoms – Stand und Herausforderungen

Abstract So called „personalized therapy“ has revolutionized the care of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The discovery of more and more driver mutations in NSCLC has led to a molecular defined sub classification of lung cancer patients. For four driver mutations (EGFRmut, ALKtransl, ROS1transl, BRAF-V600mut) firstline approved drugs are available and became the treatment of choice. Further drugs are in clinical development or can be used as off-label treatment. The emergence of resistance under targeted therapy, the development of new drugs for further driver mutations and the broad implementation of molecular diagnostics for all lung cancer patients are future challenges.
Downlink OFDM techniques in 3/sup rd/ generation TDMA based mobile systems

The FRAMES multiple access (FMA) in order to meet the UMTS requirements and thereby also the IMT2000, has proposed a harmonized platform based in two access techniques, i.e. time division multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA). Thus, the MA concept has two modes: FMA1, wideband TDMA with and without spreading, and FMA2, wideband CDMA. The FMA1 included several options such as spreading (CDMA features) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. This paper presents the performance of this latter option in order to outline the flexibility of the FMA1 and the advantages of the OFDM modulation when used instead of the single carrier setting following the classical TDMA approach. Link level results illustrate that the E/sub h//N/sub 0/, values are comparable or even better than the ones obtained following traditional modulation techniques.
Large Cystic Intradural Schwannoma Extending from L2 to S4 Spinal Segments: A Case Report

Schwannoma originates from the sheath of spinal cord roots neurilemma or Schwann cells (so it is mainly called neurilemmoma or Schwannoma) and makes one third of primary spinal cord tumours [1-6]. The tumour localization is in various parts of spinal cord, but prevailsin cervical and thoracic, rare in lumbar and sacral regions [1-7]. It can grow exophytic above and below the dura of spinal cord (extremely rare intramedullary) or involve the spinal root and interfere its fibres. According to histological structure schwannoma is a benign tumor, but growing in the narrow spinal canal may cause canal compromise resulting in cord compression and its squeal. Degenerative changes like haemorrhage, calcification, and fibrosis are commonly seen in schwannom as, but cystic changes are rare.
A memory group for individuals with brain injury

Five patients with memory impairments resulting from brain injury attended a memory group which ran weekly for 11 months. The group focused on helping patients find ways of utilizing memory aids to help with everyday memory problems. Memory games were used to encourage patients to devise strategies for dealing with novel problems. One aim was to facilitate social support amongst patients and opportunities were taken to address the emotional consequences of memory impairment. There were changes in the pattern of use of memory aids and these are discussed. Memory functioning as measured by a memory test (RBMT) did not show any significant improvements. There were some reductions in levels of general anxiety and depression over the course of the group. Patients' feedback indicated that being in a group with others with similar difficulties was both helpful and enjoyable. The advantages of a group run over a longer period than is usual are discussed.
Performance and Motion Capture using Multiple Xbox Kinects

Performance and Motion Capture using Multiple Xbox Kinects Ian Wittenberg, M.S. Rochester Institute of Technology, 2013 Chair: Dr. Joe Geigel When using the Xbox Kinect as a simple motion capture device, joint occlusion resulting in poor tracking quality quickly becomes an issue. This is caused by the Kinect having only one view of the subject. If a joint becomes occluded from the Kinect’s view, it must attempt to infer the hidden joint’s information, often resulting in incorrect estimations. We propose a system that allows for the use of multiple Xbox Kinect devices for the purposes of motion and performance capture. As the aforementioned issue is caused by low view coverage of the subject, we will attempt to use multiple Xbox Kinects in an effort to capture data from different viewpoints. Though a joint may be hidden from one Kinect, a different Kinect may have a clear view. By merging the skeletal data from each Kinect, our system will produce a more accurate skeleton.
Zentraler aortaler Blutdruck: Bedeutender Parameter für Diagnostik und Therapie

Abstract In recent years great emphasis has been placed on the role of central aortic blood pressure as measured non invasively using pulse wave analysis in pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases and clinical aspects of hypertension. The difference of blood pressure between the central aorta and the brachial artery (amplification) is not constant but varies according to physiological, pathological and pharmacological mechanisms. Central aortic blood pressure is more strongly related to cardiovascular organ damages than does brachial pressure. Several antihypertensive drugs have different effects on aortic blood pressure as compared with brachial pressure. Central aortic blood pressure emerges superior to brachial pressure as target blood pressure in antihypertensive treatment.
Dietary fiber and obesity management - a review

Physiological description of fiber implies that dietary fiber is a plant subunit that is not being degraded to absorbable subunits in the small intestine by alimentary enzymes found in human beings [1]. Generally, dietary fibers are non-starch polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, gum and mucilage and non-polysaccharide (lignin). Health benefits of the consumption of fiber rich foods ranging from prevention and treatment of obesity, reduction of blood glucose and cholesterol level, glycemic regulation, and prevention of intestinal diseases, like constipation, hemorrhoid, diverticular disease and colon cancer [2]. According to recommended dietary allowances (RDA), the dietary fiber of 35g/day is recommended for healthy adults [3]. A recent study shows the gradual reduction of dietary fiber consumption and much lower intake of dietary fiber 25g/day in Western countries has been reported [4]. On the contrary, epidemiologic and cross-sectional studies indicate that lower intake of dietary fiber is associated with obesity development [5].
Position on non-medical switching for diabetes patients

because they are manufactured from known chemicals and are characterized by their chemical equivalence making them virtually identical to the original branded medication. However, Non-Medical Switching has now been extended to biologic medications, such as insulin. The manufacturing processes for insulin use different cell lines, protein sources, as well as extraction and purification techniques. These are proprietary and often patented processes. The insulins may have similar abilities to lower blood glucose but they are not identical replacements.
Design of Secure Clustering Routing Protocol using SNEP and µTESLA on Sensor Network Communication

Summary Contrary to general network, sensor network has many restrictions such as energy recharge. Accordingly, security mechanism used to general network cannot be applied to sensor network. Many researchers propose method of security and energy efficiency separately. To maximize energy efficiency, the methods to support data aggregation and cluster-head selection algorithm are proposed. To strengthen the security, the methods to support encryption techniques and manage a secret key that is applicable to sensor network are proposed. However, energy and security issues are trade-off. This paper is devoted to design secure routing protocol combining conventional routing protocol with security protocol. This new protocol is that encryption algorithm and key management method are applied to specific routing protocol. Finally, we appreciate proposed protocol and look about future work.
"But Still It Moves": Screens, Print, and Reading

As the amount of reading people are doing on digital devices mushrooms, a growing number of voices are suggesting that onscreen reading will replace printed hard copy. Digital reading has multiple advantages, including portability, democratic access, and (generally) price. However, concerned scholars are questioning whether reading on digital devices undermines important aspects of reading, including uninterrupted concentration. This paper compares the cases for reading onscreen versus reading in hard copy, considering such variables as cognitive performance, eye-movement, and reader preference. After summarizing studies the author has previously done on college students’ self-reported reading patterns, the paper outlines a study (to be conducted in Spring 2013) that will observe subjects actually reading on a computer screen versus in hard copy. The study will compare the extent to which readers are distracted from the reading tasks (e.g., checking their mobile phones) during the two reading conditions.
Formal design analysis framework: an aspect-oriented architectural framework

Much attention has recently been focused on the problem of effectively developing software systems that realize their non-functional requirements. Architectural frameworks have been proposed as a solution to support the design and analysis of non-functional properties such as performance, security, adaptability, etc. A significant benefit of performing such analysis work is to detect and remove defects earlier in the software development lifecycle. The Formal Design Analysis Framework (FDAF) is an aspect-oriented architectural framework that supports the design and automated analysis of non-functional properties for software architectures using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and a set of existing formal methods. In the FDAF, non-functional properties are represented as aspects. The FDAF provides a UML extension to support the modeling of aspects in a UML based architecture design. To realize the automated analysis of aspect-oriented designs, (part of) UML is formalized into a set of formal languages using translational semantics. Translation algorithms have been defined, verified with proofs, and implemented in the FDAF tool to support automated translation. Furthermore, an example system, Domain Name System, has been selected to illustrate and validate the FDAF approach.
A routing table approach for minimum time traffic control of multiple AGV systems

A two-staged scheme, in which the path determination stage is divided from the overall motion planning process and performed offline, has been widely adopted for the motion planning of mobile robots. However, relatively little attention has been given to the application of the two-staged scheme to multiple automated guided vehicle systems (MAGVS). In this paper, a systematic two-staged scheme is presented to obtain collision-free minimum-time motions of AGVs along loopless paths. The overall structure of the controller is divided into two tandem modules of an offline routing table generator (RTG) and an online traffic controller (OTC). Real-time computation is guaranteed in that time-consuming graph searching process is executed offline, and OTC looks for the minimum time motion among the k candidate paths. The traffic control scheme proposed is suitable for practical application in centralized MAGVS with zone blocking technique.
Ambulantes Drainagemanagement bei Patienten mit klinisch relevanter Pankreasfistel – eine nationale Erhebung

Zusammenfassung Einleitung Die postoperative Pankreasfistel (POPF) zählt zu den häufigsten Komplikationen in der Pankreaschirurgie. Sie ist oftmals mit einem verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt, erhöhten Behandlungskosten und einer Reduktion an Lebensqualität verbunden. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die gängige Praxis bez. der Behandlung einer klinisch relevanten Pankreasfistel (CR-POPF) bundesweit zu erfassen und die Durchführung eines ambulanten Drainagemanagements zu evaluieren. Methoden Zur Erhebung des (ambulanten) Managements klinisch relevanter Pankreasfisteln und des ambulanten Drainagemanagements wurde ein Fragebogen bestehend aus 34 Parametern in 9 thematischen Blöcken entworfen und an 211 Kliniken in Deutschland versendet, welche die Mindestmenge von 12 Pankreasresektionen/Jahr erreichen. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mit SPSS 21. Ergebnisse 62% der angeschriebenen Kliniken (n = 131) nahmen an der Umfrage teil. Ambulantes Drainagemanagement bei Patienten mit Pankreasfistel wird von den meisten Kliniken durchgeführt (n = 100, 76,3%). Jedoch praktizieren 30% der Kliniken (n = 40) in nur 5% ihrer CR-POPF-Fälle eine ambulante Behandlung. Eine Korrelation zwischen der Fallzahl und der Häufigkeit eines ambulanten Managements wurde nicht beobachtet. Meistens sind die Entlasskriterien (n = 98, 74,8%), das Drainagemanagement (n = 95, 72,5%) und die Kriterien zur Drainageentfernung (n = 74, 56,5%) nicht standardisiert, sondern erfolgen individuell. In Zentren mit standardisiertem Vorgehen sind die Kriterien zur Drainageentfernung durch eine Sekretionsmenge < 20 ml (29,8%), den fehlenden Nachweis eines intraabdominellem Verhalts (25,2%), einen fehlenden Amylase-/Lipasenachweis im Sekret (25,2%) sowie das Fehlen spezifischer Symptome (22,1%) definiert. Zusammenfassung Es handelt sich hierbei um die erste bundesweite Umfrage zur Evaluation des ambulanten Drainagemanagements bei Patienten mit CR-POPF. Trotz spärlicher Datenlage praktizieren die meisten deutschen Pankreaschirurgen eine ambulante Weiterbehandlung bei Pankreasfistel. Jedoch haben die wenigsten Kliniken einen definierten Standard bez. Entlassung aus der Klinik, der ambulanten Versorgung und der Drainageentfernung. Wir empfehlen die Definition von Entlasskriterien sowie einen Managementalgorithmus zur Optimierung des perioperativen Verlaufs und möglicherweise Ausweitung der ambulanten Behandlung von Patienten mit Drainage bei CR-POPF.