Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antilisterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vacuum-packaged brazilian meat and meat products

Vinte amostras de carnes e produtos carneos brasileiros foram analisadas com a finalidade de se isolar bacterias laticas produtoras de bacteriocina, atraves do metodo de antagonismo em agar, utilizando Lactobacillus sake ATCC 15521 como microrganismo indicador. Baseado na coloracao de Gram, reacao com KOH, teste de catalase e teste de fermentacao de 49 carboidratos (API 50 CH), tres das sete cepas com caracteristicas antagonisticas foram classificadas como Lactobacillus curvatus, uma como Leuconostoc mesenteroides e uma como Leuconostoc sp. Duas cepas nao puderam ser identificadas usando apenas estes testes. Os inibidores produzidos por essas cepas mostraram-se sensiveis a proteases. A inibicao devido a bacteriofagos liticos foi descartada e assim as culturas foram classificadas como bacterias laticas produtoras de bacteriocina. Quatro cepas apresentaram atividade antilisterial, e consequentemente um potencial de utilizacao como bioconservadores em produtos carneos.
Percepção de enfermeiros sobre o cuidado nutricional à criança na Estratégia Saúde da Família

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar a percepcao de enfermeiros sobre o cuidado nutricional de criancas menores de cinco anos. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo envolvendo 18 profissionais de equipes de saude da familia de dois municipios da regiao metropolitana de Joao Pessoa, Paraiba. Realizou-se entrevista com foco na importância do desenvolvimento das acoes de alimentacao e nutricao para o cuidado nutricional da crianca. As entrevistas foram conduzidas por meio de um roteiro de perguntas. O material foi submetido a analise de conteudo e dela emergiram quatro categorias tematicas. Os enfermeiros apontaram a utilidade dos manuais do Ministerio da Saude para as acoes de atencao nutricional e a educacao em alimentacao saudavel como a pratica mais importante desse cuidado. Entretanto, destacaram a situacao socioeconomica das familias e a capacitacao dos profissionais como empecilhos para o desenvolvimento das acoes. Ainda, apontaram a importância da atuacao do nutricionista junto a equipe multidisciplinar para o desenvolvimento das acoes de alimentacao e nutricao. Alem da necessidade implicita de capacitacao em nutricao, evidencia-se a valorizacao dos documentos tecnicos do Ministerio da Saude e do nutricionista para a melhoria do cuidado nutricional de criancas menores de cinco anos.
Characteristics of the phloem path: analysis and distribution of carbohydrates in the petiole of Cyclamen

Compartmentation fluxes of carbohydrates along the phloem path were analysed in the petiole of Cyclamen persicum (L.) Mill. Sucrose represented the dominant fraction (58-75% of soluble carbohydrates in the vascular symplast). Planteose (12-22%), glucose (3-8%) and fructose (3-13%) occurred in lower amounts (data from liquid chromatography, percentages of the total peak area). Starch was not detectable. Upon feeding leaves with 14 CO 2 , 98% and 90% of radiolabel was recovered as sucrose in the vascular symplast after 3 h and 24 h, respectively. Thus, sucrose appeared to be the exclusive transport sugar in Cyclamen. Experiments with asymmetrically labelled sucrose revealed that there was no metabolism of translocated sucrose. Analysis of six consecutive petiole segments (each 2 cm in length) showed a homogeneous longitudinal distribution of sucrose and planteose. The lateral distribution of these sugars differed markedly. On average, the sucrose concentration amounted to 4.7 and 0.4 mg g -1 FM in the vascular apoplast and petiole parenchyma, respectively. Sucrose was unloaded without hydrolysis and stored in the periphery of the phloem path. Planteose was identified as another storage saccharide. Sucrose synthesis by sucrose phosphate synthase occurred when isolated vascular bundles were incubated with [ 14 C]glucose or [ 14 C]fructose. These data suggest that the phloem path is characterized by both source and sink like activity.
The White Working Class and the 2016 Election

Academics and political pundits alike attribute rising support for right-wing political options across advanced democracies to the working classes. In the United States, authors claim that the white working class offered unprecedented and crucial support for Donald Trump in the 2016 election. But what is the evidence for this claim? We examine all of the available academic survey data gathered around the election, along with a number of surveys from prior elections. We test four common claims about the white working class in 2016: (1) that most Trump voters were white working-class Americans; (2) that most white working-class voters supported Trump; (3) that unusually large numbers of white working-class voters switched from Obama in 2012 to Trump in 2016; and (4) that white working-class voters were pivotal to Trump’s victory in several swing states. We find that three of the four are not supported by the available data, and the other lacks crucial context that casts doubt on the idea that Trump uniquely appealed to working-class Americans. White working-class Americans have been supporting Republican presidential candidates at higher rates in recent elections, but that process long predates 2016, and narratives that center on Trump’s alleged appeal obscure this important long-term trend.
Paenibacillus dendritiformis DDS2: A new member to alkaline-thermophilic protease producers

Aim: Most of the industrial processes require thermostable alkaline proteases. Thus, a search was initiated to isolate and characterize a bacterium which can produce thermostable alkaline protease. Methodology and results: Best higher titer thermostable alkaline protease producing wild type organism was screened from beef, dog and fish decaying soil samples. Among the 92 bacterial strains, three strains which produced alkaline proteases having activities at pH 10.5 and above 70 °C were selected. Among the three strains, the one from the dog decaying soil (Strain DDS2 ; DDS-dog decaying soil) which produced the protease showing highest activity at pH 10.5 and 73 °C and stability (half-life: 10.5 h) without additives was selected and identified. Based on the biochemical and morphological studies, strain DDS2 could be either Paenibacillus dendritiformis or P. thiaminolyticus. From 16S rDNA sequencing, the strain DDS2 was confirmed as P. dendritiformis. Conclusion, significance and impact: This is the first report published to show that P. dendritiformis is a protease producer and the organism was named as P. dendritiformis DDS2.
Channel Non-Line-of-Sight Identification Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

The distinction between line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) channels is important for location awareness related technologies and wireless channel modeling. So far, most of the existing methods identify the LOS and NLOS channels based on the characteristics of radio propagation, e.g., using the Ricean K factor. However, the Ricean K factor is sensitive to the propagation environment, and it is thus difficult to find a proper threshold for NLOS identification. In this letter, we propose a novel NLOS identification method based on the convolutional neural network (CNN). Evaluated by channel measurement data, the proposed algorithm achieves better performance compared with the existing conventional method. Firstly, the CNN network is trained by using the pre-labeled LOS and NLOS data collected from channel measurements. The network parameters are set based on the feedback of training. Then, the method is validated by using different datasets. Compared with the Ricean K factor based identification method, the accuracy of which is 0.86, the proposed method shows higher accuracy of 0.99 for the NLOS channel identification.
A method to label seeds and seedlings using gamma-emitting radionuclides

A major obstacle limiting field studies in plant population biology is that there is no way of uniquely labeling or identifying the seeds produced by a mother plant so that her seedlings can be distinguished from the offspring of other conspecific plants. This article describes experiments undertaken to develop gamma—emitting radionuclide labels that are injected into a plant and are incorporated into the developing seeds and subsequent seedlings. The nuclides were used singly and in combination since each nuclide has unique spectral peaks that can be used to distinguish it from other nuclides. Five species were used: Phaseolus vulgaris, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Impatiens capensis, Bidens frondosa, and B. connata. Easily detectable levels of 58cobalt, 60cobalt, 134cesium, 137cesium, and 75selenium were incorporated by seeds of the five species. The incorporation of 54manganese and 65zinc varied among the species. 88Yttrium, 125antimony, and 85strontium were weak or not present as labels, depending on the species, while 110silver and 46scandium were never found in the seeds. Bean seedlings showed readily detectable amounts of nuclide label, while the nuclides apparently leached out of the Impatiens seedlings. The quantities of nuclides used in these experiments were so low that there was no effect of radiation on plant performance.
Lack of effect of dietary ascorbic acid on stability of carcass fat and meat of broilers 1

1. The inclusion of ascorbic acid or ascorbyl palmitate in a diet containing soyabean oil (40 g/kg) and butylated hydroxytoluene (25 mg/kg) did not affect the stability of abdominal fat and meat of broilers. 2. Under the same conditions including α‐tocopheryl acetate or ethoxyquin significantly improved the stability of these tissues.
Photosynthetic characteristics of the phytoplankton in the Scheldt estuary: community and single-cell fluorescence measurements

Estuaries present a very dynamic environment for phytoplankton with large changes in salinity occurring over relatively short distances, usually with high turbidity. We investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of phytoplankton in the Scheldt estuary (Belgium and the Netherlands) along a salinity gradient using community and single-cell fluorescence measurements. Single-cell fluorescence measurements offer the opportunity to study differences between species that were formerly possible only using uni-algal cultures. The objective was to study differences in the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) between different species or different genera (when identification to the species level was not possible) and to investigate the effect of salinity on individual species. The difference in Fv/Fm between species was small, but often significant (ANOVA, p < 0.05), and was found to be a true characteristic of species, as opposed to being caused by stochastic processes affecting cells of all species more or less equally. High algal mortality is implied by a large decline of biomass from freshwater towards higher salinity, as well as a complete change in the phytoplankton composition. Nevertheless, cells with low Fv/Fm, which would indicate decreased health, were rare. Fv/Fm of 93% of the measured cells was between 0.5 and 0.8. There was no obvious relation between Fv/Fm and species abundance. In laboratory studies, green algae are often reported to have a higher Fv/Fm than diatoms, but we found no indication of this in the Scheldt estuary.
Antibacterial Activity of Two Flavonoids Isolated from Schotia latifolia

Schotia latifolia Jacq is one of the plants commonly used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of tickborne diseases of livestock in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Two flavonoids, epicatechin and catechin, were isolated from the bark of this plant through bioactivity-guided fractionation of its extracts. The compounds were active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria exhibiting minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 62.5 to 250 µg/ml.
Performance Analysis and Optimization of Downlink Transmission in LoRaWAN Class B Mode

Low-power wide-area (LPWA) networks have been proposed to satisfy the features of massive machine-type communication (mMTC) of Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with the large number of end devices, such as low data rates, high network scalability, wide area coverage, and delay tolerance with very low energy cost. The LoRa wide-area network (LoRaWAN) is one of the leading technologies among LPWA networks (LPWANs) and supports three types of medium access control (MAC) options: Class A, Class B, and Class C, each of which are used to address different needs of various applications. Specifically, Class B is designed to reduce downlink frame transmission delay while the end device maintains a relatively low energy consumption. In this article, we propose an analytical model of LoRaWAN Class B mode, focusing on the delay, the data throughput, and the energy consumption for downlink frame transmission using the M/G/1 queueing model. Based on the analytical model, a cost function considering both the average waiting time of the frame in the gateway and the average energy consumption of an end device is proposed. Using the cost function, we derive the optimal number of ping slots which maximizes the value of the cost function. Results show the tradeoff relation between the waiting time of the frame in the gateway and the energy consumption of an end device, and it is verified that the optimal number of ping slots increases as the traffic density increases.
Pollen morphology of the subfamily Aurantioideae (Rutaceae)

The Aurantioideae is one of seven subfamilies of the Rutaceae consisting of two tribes, the Clauseneae, containing five genera, and the Citreae, with 28 genera. Each tribe contains three subtribes. The pollen morphology of the subfamily Aurantioideae is described and illustrated for the first time based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Five pollen types have been recognised in the subfamily, based mainly on aperture number and exine ornamentation. The pollen grains show a high degree of intergeneric variation. Pollen grains of Clauseneae are 3-colporate, microstriate or microstriato-reticulate, whereas pollen grains of Citreae are almost always 4/5 colporate with exines varying from microperforate to coarsely reticulate. Congruence between pollen types and the currently accepted classification is discussed, as well as the systematic implications of pollen morphology for the subfamily.
Acoustically Orienting Parasitoids: Fly Phonotaxis to Cricket Song

Larviparous female tachinid flies are attracted to taped cricket songs. In the laboratory flies deposit larvae on a cricket mounted to a speaker; the larvae burrow through the cricket's exoskeleton and develop internally. These acoustically orienting parasitoids probably influence male reproductive behavior and sexual competition in
Polyamines in Developing Mangosteens and their Relationship to Postharvest Chilling Injury

Polyamine concentrations did not correlate to the skin, aril and seed weights of mangosteens (Garcinia mangostana L.) during development. Their concentrations decreased early in the skin and aril, but increased during late skin development. Thus, the role of polyamines during fruit development may vary among fruit parts. The relationship between polyamines and chilling injury (CI) disclosed that CI was detected in only the skin of fruit stored at 7°C, but a spermine treatment decreased it at 7°C. Putrescine and spermidine concentrations in the skin at 7°C were higher than in those stored at 13°C. These results suggest that polyamines influence CI of mangosteens.
Effect of the exogenous soyabean phyto‐oestrogen genistein on sperm quality, ATP content and fertilization rates in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) and walleye Sander vitreus (Mitchill)

This study examined whether the soya phyto-oestrogen genistein would have an effect on spermatozoa quality and in vitro fertilization capacity in mature channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus or walleye Sander vitreus. For both species, motility time and motility rank were significantly different among treatment groups and control, with higher genistein concentrations producing significantly lower motility time and motility rank (P ≤ 0·01). Walleye and channel catfish ATP content was significantly lower compared to control treatments at several incubation concentrations and was significantly related to fertilization rate. Fertilization rate was significantly dependant on genistein incubation concentrations (P ≤ 0·01). Additionally, logistic regression showed a significant negative relation between genistein concentration and fertilization in channel catfish (P ≤ 0·01). These results establish that genistein could play a role in reproductive performance within aquaculture species. In addition, these findings warrant further examination of the impact of phyto-oestrogens in broodstock feeds.
FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE SECTOR IN KENYA

Purpose : This study sought to establish the influence of firms’ characteristics as determinants of transient advantage on performance. Specifically, the study looked at the influence of firm age and firm size on the performance of insurance firms in Kenya. Methodology : This study employed descriptive research design targeting all the 19 insurance companies that offer health insurance products as at end of December 2017. Secondary data was collected on the firm characteristics (firm age and firm size) and the performance of health insurance (Gross Weighted Premiums and Underwritten Results). Descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted to show the relationship between the variables. The analyzed data was presented by use of bar charts, graphs and frequency tables. Inferential statistics were done including correlation regression and ANOVA. Results : The study revealed that firm size had a positive relationship between age and firm performance that was statistically significant. The study also revealed that firm age had a positive relationship between age and firm performance that was statistically significant. Conclusion: Age of a company is a quality that has been identified in this study as a factor which enables a company to gain capabilities which enable it to exploit transient advantage. It has been observed that the age of a company enables it to gain experience and learning which makes it able to overcome the effects of a rapidly changing business environment. With time these companies also gain a reputation placing them above their competitors. Age, alone, may not guarantee the performance of a company. Other factors have to accompany longevity for the firm to be able to exploit transient advantages and improve its performance. This can be proven by the fact that there are firms that had been in the sector for over three decades yet they control a small portion of the market share. This may be because the benefits of accumulated knowledge can be overcome by the inertia, inflexibility and bureaucracy brought about by routine, rules and organizational structure. Contributions to theory, practice and policy : The study recommended that firms should form partnerships with other firms to enhance cheaper resource outsourcing and offset the disadvantage which comes with firm age and firm size thus increasing firms’ profitability. It was also recommended that strategic partnerships should be adopted to enhance new market penetration and faster growth due to pooling of resources. It is further recommended that the age and size of an organization must be well supported by agility to enable the firm exploit transient advantages and that firms must use the financial muscle and experience gained over the years to take advantage of waves of opportunity.
Anti‐ulcerogenic activity of fulvic acids and 4′‐methoxy‐6‐carbomethoxybiphenyl isolated from shilajit

Fulvic acids (FA) and 4′‐methoxy‐6‐carbomethoxybiphenyl (MCB, 1), two major organic compounds isolated from Shilajit (a humus product), were screened for anti‐ulcerogenic activity in albino rats. Both FA and MCB showed significant anti‐ulerogenic effects in the battery of tests accepted for this purpose. The mechanism of anti‐ulcerogenic action was studied with MCB on the basis of its effects on mucin content (gastric juice carbohydrates and carbohydrate/protein ratio) and on the concentration of DNA and protein in the gastric juice. The MCB‐induced changes in the mucosa provided resistance against the effect of ulcerogens and also against shedding of mucosal cells. A preliminary acute toxicity study indicated that both FA and MCB had a low order of toxicity.
Possible New Genes for Resistance to Powdery Mildew, Septoria Glume Blotch and Leaf Rust of Wheat

An Ethiopian wheat collection consisting of 293 tetraploid and hexaploid entries was investigated for resistance to powdery mildew, Septoria glume blotch, and leaf rust with the aim of finding probable new genes for resistance to these diseases. Seedlings were screened with isolates of these diseases in the greenhouse or growth chamber. The material was also scored for field resistance to powdery mildew after the fifth leaf stale. The diversity of the reaction types to powdery mildew and Septoria glume blotch was estimated by the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. Thirty-nine entries (13%) of the collection were resistant to moderately resistant co the mildew isolates, 14S-77 and 46—77, that had: a combined virulence spectrum effective against nine identified genes for resistance to powdery mildew. One hundred and et till TV-tour entries (63 %) of the collection showed field resistance to mildew. One hundred and eighty-one entries (62 %) of the collection were at least moderately resistant in an aggressive isolate of Sartorial nodorum. Resistance to a race of leaf rust was detected in one hundred and sixty-eight entries or 58. % of the collection. Generally, resistance to these diseases is concentrated in Central and Southern Ethiopia. The different reaction types of the resistant entries to these diseases and the high estimates of diversity for reaction types indicated the presence of many different probable new genes and genetic backgrounds for resistance to these diseases.
Does Tagging and Handling Affect the Growth of Northern Fur Seal Pups (Callorhinus ursinus)

From 1957 to 1966, samples of tagged and marked northern fur seal pups (Callorhinus ursinus) consistently weighed less than untagged and unmarked pups on the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. At the time, it was concluded that tagging and handling had caused a loss of weight and had slowed the normal rate of pup growth. In re-evaluating the data from this time period, it seems that tagged pups grew at the same rate as untagged pups, but were smaller at the time of tagging than average size pups. The growth curve for tagged pups appears to lag behind that of untagged pups, suggesting that tagged pups were born later in the breeding season and were more susceptible to being captured and tagged than older and heavier pups.
Characterization of three wheat cultivars possessing new 1BL.1RS wheat‐rye translocations

The wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation chromosomes have been used widely around the world in commercial wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production because of the presence of several disease resistance genes and a yield enhancement factor on the rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome. However, the recent reports of the loss of complete effectiveness of the disease resistance genes on the most commonly used 1BL.1RS chromosome have highlighted the need to seek and deploy additional sources of disease resistance genes. Three new sibling wheat cultivars, 'CN12', ‘CN17’ and 'CN18', were developed carrying 1RS arms derived from the rye inbred line L155. Genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding analysis revealed that all the three cultivars contained the rye chromosome 1RS arm fused to the wheat 1BL wheat chromosome arm. The three cultivars displayed high yields and high resistance to local powdery mildew and stripe rust pathotypes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis indicated the different structure of 1BL.1RS chromosome between 'can18' and the other two cultivars. The present study provides a new 1RS resource for wheat improvement.