Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review Work on How to Differentiate the Longhorn Grasshoppers Ruspolia differens and Ruspolia nitidula (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

The record of potential characters differentiating the longhorn grasshoppers Ruspolia differens Serville, 1838 and Ruspolia nitidula Scopoli, 1786 in the family Tettigoniidae of the order Orthoptera is somewhat unapparent, being randomly featured in the general literature of the individual species without joint synchronization. The present work systematically re-examines and re-organises these characters with a main goal to harmonizing the various records where the two species are interchanged, misdiagnosed or incorrectly named, and sensitizing future workers to overcome the oversights. The couple of insects are evidently sister species that are well distinguished from each other by their respective species-specific biology and biogeography. R. differens inhabits the SubSaharan African region; the species has a swarming phase and colour polymorphism with six morphs, and a distinct sex dimorphism with males having longer antennae and a unique pair of metathoracic flaps. On the other hand, R. nitidula is exclusively solitary, greenish and Palearctic ranging in Asia, Europe and Northern Africa. Generally, each species is morphologically, behaviourally, genetically and thus taxonomically distinct from its counterpart.
Cell and Tissue Mechanics: Self-Organized Cell Motility and Three-Dimensional Epithelial Morphogenesis

Biological cells and tissue move and rearrange under the influence of mechanical, locally applied forces. One open question is how such local forces combine together to create large scale motions in cells and tissues for biological functions. This thesis addresses this question in the context of how forces between molecular components lead to polarization and motility for a single cell, and in the context of how forces at the whole-cell level lead to morphogenesis of tissues. In Chapter 2, we present a mathematical description for the crawling motion of a single cell. This motion arises from the self-organized behavior of molecular components pushing on a cell membrane, which may be thought of as a flexible boundary that responds to contact forces. The molecular components themselves consist of many filaments and motors, coarse grained such that they are described by continuum concentration profiles. This system is intrinsically driven out of thermodynamic equilibrium by active forces that include filament treadmilling and attractive forces generated by motors. However, steady state configurations still exist in which the modeled cell, coupled through a friction coe cient with the outside environment, moves persistently in a single direction. This symmetry broken, moving state results from instabilities of the filament density distribution and in particular regions of parameter space, coexists with symmetric, stationary states, thus making the system capable of spontaneous polarization and bistable in certain regimes. In Chapter 3, we consider a larger length scale. Specifically, we discuss a di↵erent model based on mechanical forces existing at a cellular level and the organization of tissue that results from the application of these forces. The biological system under investigation is the sheet of epithelial cells covering the egg chamber of Drosophila from which two breathing tubes are eventually molded. We adapt a model previously employed in foam and Drosophila wing disc research, use it to model out-of-plane deformations of a sheet of cells, and show that specific patterns of line tension within
How Management Control Systems Enable and Constrain Integrated Thinking

Purpose This paper aims to examine how management control systems (MCS) can enable and constrain the successful adoption of integrated thinking in an organisation. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a case study approach, involving in-depth interviews and documentary evidence. Findings The case study organisation perceived trust to be critical to the successful adoption of integrated thinking, and informal social controls with strong endorsement from senior management frequently substituted for more formal technical controls in helping to develop a trust-based organisational culture. These cultural changes improved collaboration and brought economic benefits by encouraging outcome-based decision-making rather than capital-based decision-making, thereby enabling employees to identify and address poorly performing projects earlier. However, established performance measurement systems geared towards reporting and rewarding accounting profits created tension, constraining the potential benefits of integrated thinking by reinforcing business unit protectionism. Practical implications Integrated thinking can be seen as a form of management with the potential to improve organisational outcomes. An improved understanding of factors that might enable or constrain integrated thinking could facilitate its spread. Originality/value Despite several calls for research on the practical implementation of integrated thinking, this has not been studied extensively. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the firsts to contribute to a better understanding of the role of MCS in the successful implementation of integrated thinking in an organisation. The study also contributes to the MCS literature.
Lazer Doméstico em Tempos de Pandemia da Covid-19

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as vivencias de lazer mais presentes em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19 e suas relacoes com os conceitos e as barreiras socioculturais do lazer. Considerando as politicas de quarentena e isolamento social, as vivencias de lazer se restringiram ao espaco do lar, surgindo assim novas possibilidades ligadas ao ambiente virtual e tambem ao ambiente domestico, como lives musicais, crescimento do uso de plataformas de streaming para filmes, series, musica, jogos, assim como atividades fisicas, gastronomicas, jardinagem e roteiros turisticos virtuais. Embora encontradas vivencias adaptadas ao espaco do lar, houve tambem a intensificacao de barreiras socioculturais relativas ao nivel economico, grau de instrucao, acesso a espacos e equipamentos de lazer, acesso a internet, entre outras. A metodologia foi composta por pesquisa bibliografica e documental em livros, artigos academicos, publicacoes e conteudo jornalisticos ligado a lazer, entretenimento, consumo e lazer domestico, assim como de orgaos e instituicoes relacionados a lazer, cultura e turismo em conjunto com alguns levantamentos sobre o novo coronavirus. Como resultado esta a existencia de novas vivencias de lazer e a transformacao de algumas que ate entao eram desenvolvidas em ambientes externos a casa.
Pseudo-Resistor Based Attenuator as an Efficient Electrode Driver for Sinusoidal Stimulation of Retinas

Most concepts for retinal stimulation rely on rectangular waveforms, although studies suggest sinusoidal stimulation might improve visual perception. We present a novel approach for a power and area efficient generation of sinusoidal stimulation waveforms by modulation of an external reference sine wave. Modulation is performed by an attenuator based on variable CMOS pseudo-resistors. The implementation of a complete channel is presented along with two different versions of the attenuators. Both architectures are investigated in terms of signal quality, symmetry and power consumption.
Melt-affected ocean crust and uppermost mantle near Hawaii—clues from ambient-noise phase velocity and seafloor compliance

We present models of crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the Hawaiian Swell and surrounding region. The models were derived from ambient-noise intermediate-period Rayleigh-wave phase velocities and from seafloor compliance that were estimated from continuous seismic and pressure recordings collected during the Hawaiian Plume-Lithosphere Undersea Mantle Experiment (PLUME). We jointly inverted these data at the locations of over 50 ocean-bottom instruments, after accounting for variations in local bathymetry and sediment properties. Our results suggest that the crystalline crust is up to 15 km thick beneath the swell and up to 23 km thick closer to the islands. Anomalously thick crust extends towards the older seamounts, downstream of Hawaii. In a second region, anomalies immediately to the south of Hawaii may be associated with the leading edge of the shallow Hawaiian magma conduit. In a third region, thickened crust to the immediate west of Hawaii may be related to Cretaceous seamounts. Low seismic velocities identified in the uppermost mantle to the northeast of Hawaii may be linked to the Molokai fracture zone and may be manifest of complex non-vertical pathways of melt through the upper lithosphere. Velocity anomalies decrease in amplitude towards the surface, suggesting that melt becomes focused into conduits at depths between 20 and 40 km that escape the resolution capabilities of our data set.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LYSINE-RESPONSIVE L BOX RIBOSWITCH

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vi VITA . vii PUBLICATIONS . vii FIELDS OF STUDY. vii LIST OF TABLES . xi LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xiv CHAPTER 1 . 1 GENETIC REGULATION BY RIBOSWITCHES . 1 1.1 Riboswitch classes. 5 1.1.1 Temperature and pH-sensing riboswitches . 5 1.1.2 The T box riboswitch . 8 1.1. 3 Purine-sensing riboswitches. 12 1.1. 4 Cyclic-di-GMP riboswitches . 19 1.1. 5 The M box riboswitch . 22 1.1. 6 The glmS ribozyme . 24 1.1. 7 Coenzyme-sensing riboswitches . 26 1.1. 8. S box riboswitch . 37 1.1. 9 Amino acid-sensing riboswitches . 50 1.2 Goals of this study . 61 CHAPTER 2 . 64 ix Mutational analysis of L box structural elements . 64 2.
Asynchrony of actuarial and reproductive senescence: a lesson from an indeterminate grower

Evolutionary theories relating to aging predict that patterns of actuarial and reproductive senescence should be aligned, with a common onset of senescence set at the age of first reproduction. However, a few empirical studies reported asynchrony between actuarial and reproductive senescence. This asynchrony is expected to be particularly pronounced in organisms with indeterminate growth. Yet, this process is still poorly documented due to the lack of long-term demographic data on known-aged individuals. We investigated the asynchrony of actuarial and reproductive senescence in the European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus, an oviparous colubrid with indeterminate growth. Using demographic data collected over a 29-year period, we showed that females did not experience any fecundity loss late in life. In contrast, they suffered from an early, severe actuarial senescence. Our findings thus revealed a pronounced asynchrony in actuarial and reproductive senescence processes, a phenomenon that could be widespread across the tree of life.
The Role of NKR-P1B:Clr-b Recognition in NK Cell Mediated Immunity To Cytomegalovirus Infection

NK cells are innate lymphocytes that are crucial for host immunity during infections. Discrimination between healthy and infected cells is facilitated through a sum of inhibitory and stimulatory signals. Host cells can modulate the expression of NK ligands in response to infection, transformation, and stress, while viruses can exploit these mechanisms to prevent the killing of the infected cells. This thesis focuses on the interaction between the NK receptor, NKR-P1B, and its ligand, Clr-b. First, we used a reporter cell-based protocol to establish hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against a putative viral immunoevasin, RCTL. We express CD3ζ-fusion proteins on the reporter cells, which we then use to immunize and screen hybridomas specificities. Our results demonstrate a rapid, efficient, and high-throughput method of monoclonal antibody screening, and provide the framework for our work on cytomegalovirus evasion of the NKR-P1B:Clr-b system.
Multidimensional fl uorescence microscopy in live cell imaging - A mini review Bildgebende multidimensionale Fluoreszenzmikroskopie an lebenden Zellen

Fluorescence microscopy methods are described with high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution. In addition to threedimensional (3D) microscopy, based on confocal, structured, or single-plane illumination, spectral imaging and fl uorescence lifetime imaging microscopy are used to probe the conformation of flmolecules as well as their interaction with the microenvironment. In addition to single cells or cell monolayers, 3D cell cultures are used increasingly, as they are more representative for tissue morphology and function. All methods are discussed in the context of controlled light exposure, which is regarded as a key parameter to maintain cell viability. The applications presented in this mini review include autofl uorescence measurements of glioblastoma cells as well as various fl uorescent markers or fl proteins.
A challenging case of alpha-fetoprotein-result discrepancies in a patient with chronic hepatitis B

A challenging case of alpha-fetoprotein-result discrepancies in a patient with chronic hepatitis B Pir A. Shah, Allison Onken, Rizwan Ishtiaq, Muhammad H. Maqsood, Shyam S. Patel, Karen J. Campoverde Reyes , Adrianna Z. Herskovits and Daryl T.Y. Lau* Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Aspergillus Genomes Projects: Review, Resources, Uses and Future Applications

The genome sequence information has in recent times turned out to be available for setting Aspergillus species. The initial Aspergillus genome to be ordered is such of A. nidulans, with a three times exposure realized in 1998 by Cereon Genomics (Monsanto). This was prepared obtainable by confined community right to use in April 2001, as well as complete right to use approved in January 2003. A complete thirteen time’s exposure of the A. nidulans genome, integrating the Cereon information, has from that time made available to public by the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research. No database holds each of the 14 available Aspergillus genomes; most are available from various resources. Aspergillus genomics is used in human diseases and biotechnology. The arrangements of Aspergillus genomes, together the right now available and the ones to be released sometime later will proceed to make the advancement of alternate levels of system-wide study. It recommended increasing the access of the genomes.
Phosphoinositide 3′-Kinase γ Facilitates Polyomavirus Infection

Polyomaviruses are small, non-enveloped DNA tumor viruses that cause serious disease in immunosuppressed people, including progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients infected with JC polyomavirus, but the molecular events mediating polyomavirus entry are poorly understood. Through genetic knockdown approaches, we identified phosphoinositide 3′-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) and its regulatory subunit PIK3R5 as cellular proteins that facilitate infection of human SVG-A glial cells by JCPyV. PI3Kα appears less important for polyomavirus infection than PI3Kγ. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PIK3R5 or PI3Kγ inhibited infection by authentic JCPyV and by JC pseudovirus. PI3Kγ knockout also inhibited infection by BK and Merkel Cell pseudoviruses, other pathogenic human polyomaviruses, and SV40, an important model polyomavirus. Reintroduction of the wild-type PI3Kγ gene into the PI3Kγ knock-out SVG-A cells rescued the JCPyV infection defect. Disruption of the PI3Kγ pathway did not block binding of JCPyV to cells or virus internalization, implying that PI3Kγ facilitates some intracellular step(s) of infection. These results imply that agents that inhibit PI3Kγ signaling may have a role in managing polyomavirus infections.
Consequences of Bill Trimming on Behavior, Welfare and Performance of Muscovy ducks -

Muscovy ducks reared commercially are often bill trimmed to prevent feather pecking and cannibalism. Bill trimming has been criticized because of its potential to cause acute and chronic pain, but little is known about the beneficial effects of bill trimming on welfare of ducks. The aim of this study is to realize the effects of three different methods of bill trimming (cutting by scissor, hot blade and hot searing) on bill related behavior, body weight and welfare of Muscovy ducks. A total of 48 (sixteen days of age) Muscovy ducks were allotted equally to four equal groups. The first was a control (C) group without bill trimming, the second; scissor (S) bill trimmed by scissor, the third; hot blade (HB) bill trimmed by hot blade and hot searing (HS) bill trimmed by touch cautery blade for few second. Bill related behavior of ducks was recorded by video camera for six weeks post-trim using scan sampling. Ducks were weighed weekly. At the end of experiment (9 week old) blood samples were collected for Heterophil /lymphocyte ratio and level of corticosterone hormone. The different methods of bill trimming had non-significant effects on ingestive behavior, while trimming by scissor and hot blade significantly reduce aggressive pecking than control group. Body weight of hot blade trimming group was significantly lower than the other three groups. Bill trimming by scissor, hot blade, or hot searing didnâ€™t influence neither blood corticosterone level nor heterophil lymphocyte ratio.
THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INTEGRATION IN THE IMC MODEL ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA

THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INTEGRATION IN THE IMC MODEL ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA 1Dr. Majed A. Al Abdulkareem Advertising and Marketing Communication Department, College of Media and Communication , Al Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh KSA 2Prof. Iyad A. Al Nsour Advertising and Marketing Communication Department, College of Media and Communication , Al Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University,
Strobilurin Effects on Nitrogen Use Efficiency for the Yield and Protein in Durum Wheat Grown Under Rainfed Mediterranean Conditions

In wheat, the increase in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and optimization of the nitrogen doses to be used are both very important aspects for improving sustainable and productive agriculture. The aim of this study was to investigate, under rainfed Mediterranean conditions, the influence of strobilurin treatment and N fertilization on durum wheat N use efficiency for yield (NUEy) and protein (NUEp) and on the contribution of their components, nitrogen uptake efficiency (UPE) and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE). Two durum wheat cultivars (Saragolla and Sfinge) were grown for two years in field conditions under five nitrogen treatments (60 kg ha−1 N60; 90 and 120 kg ha−1 given two and three times; N90, N90T3, N120 and N120T3) comparing a control without strobilurin treatment (ST0) and one application of strobilurin (STaz). In Sfinge, STaz caused a decrease in UPE and NUEp and an increase in NUtE and NUEy. In Saragolla, the opposite behavior was observed. Moreover, strobilurin positively affected the contribution of UPE and negatively that of NUtE to NUEy only in Saragolla. Furthermore, strobilurin determined higher NUEy and NUEp values under most of the N treatments adopted in the drier year. With this study, we supported the hypothesis that in Mediterranean conditions, the possibility of reducing N rate application from 120 to 90 kg ha−1 with a strobilurin-based treatment, even in the absence of fungal diseases, could represent a useful agronomic strategy for durum wheat grown under drought conditions as those predicted under the ongoing climate change.
Asymptotic spectra of large matrices coming from the symmetrization of Toeplitz structure functions and applications to preconditioning

The singular value distribution of the matrix‐sequence {YnTn[f]}n, with Tn[f] generated by f∈L1([−π,π]) , was shown in [J. Pestana and A.J. Wathen, SIAM J Matrix Anal Appl. 2015;36(1):273‐288]. The results on the spectral distribution of {YnTn[f]}n were obtained independently in [M. Mazza and J. Pestana, BIT, 59(2):463‐482, 2019] and [P. Ferrari, I. Furci, S. Hon, M.A. Mursaleen, and S. Serra‐Capizzano, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. , 40(3):1066‐1086, 2019]. In the latter reference, the authors prove that {YnTn[f]}n is distributed in the eigenvalue sense as ϕ|f|(θ)=|f(θ)|,θ∈[0,2π],−|f(−θ)|,θ∈[−2π,0),under the assumptions that f belongs to L1([−π,π]) and has real Fourier coefficients. The purpose of this paper is to extend the latter result to matrix‐sequences of the form {h(Tn[f])}n, where h is an analytic function. In particular, we provide the singular value distribution of the sequence {h(Tn[f])}n, the eigenvalue distribution of the sequence {Ynh(Tn[f])}n, and the conditions on f and h for these distributions to hold. Finally, the implications of our findings are discussed, in terms of preconditioning and of fast solution methods for the related linear systems.
Preventive medicine: domestic repression and foreign revolutionary states

ABSTRACT Do governments repress in order to defend themselves against the threat posed by the geographic proximity of victorious rebel forces? I theorize that the victory of rebel forces in armed conflict, and the subsequent creation of a revolutionary regime, provides a model for mobilization to would-be rebels and that this, in turn, leads government authorities to deploy domestic repression in order to defend themselves. This relationship is conditional upon the international assertiveness of revolutionary regimes, as well as their geographic proximity to the threatened state. Revolutionary regimes that provide assistance to foreign rebels are regarded as more threatening by status-quo states, as are those that are geographically proximate. I undertake a data analysis of state-year patterns of repression and find significant support for my theoretical expectations. My findings have implications for the study of counter-revolution, supporting the notion that state repression is, in part, a function of international threat.
Perspectives on the functional assessment of multi-stressed stream ecosystems

Past research has examined how anthropogenic stressors affect both structural and functional attributes of stream ecosystems. Nevertheless, biomonitoring programs rely mostly on structural metrics for surface-water quality and status assessments, and few studies have examined the extent to which functional metrics can strengthen these structure-based assessments. We reviewed studies that combined the response of stream-ecosystem structural and functional measures to single and multiple stressors. These studies illustrate that structural and functional measures can respond in similar, complementary, or even contradictory magnitude and direction to different stressors. Because of this complexity, we suggest that a combination of structural and functional measures may provide added information on surface-water quality and status, especially when ecosystems are affected by multiple stressors. Better knowledge about trophic and non-trophic roles of dominant taxa and the effects of changes in species diversity on stream ecosystem processes could improve understanding of the relationships among structural and functional measures. Based on our review, we suggest that future research should be designed to: 1) increase understanding of the roles of individual species and communities in the functioning of stream ecosystems, and 2) quantify the responses of individual species and communities to individual stressors and combinations of multiple stressors. We propose that increasing the knowledge base about the suites of traits that occur in different species, how these traits coevolved under local environmental abiotic and biotic conditions, and how they interact is needed to understand how multiple stressors affect ecosystem structure and function. This trait-based knowledge is essential to understanding the relationship between structure and function in multi-stressed stream ecosystems and could help managers to make stronger inferences about the combined effects of multiple stressors on water quality and status.