Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Home Versus Host Country Effects of FDI: Searching for New Evidence of Productivity Spillovers

This paper investigates the effects of both inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on productivity in manufacturing and services sectors. The main novelty is the analysis of the spillover effects of outward FDI that may occur outside the investing firms on the rest of the home country. Our results based on panel data from Estonia do not indicate much spillover effects of outward or inward FDI that are robust to different specifications of the estimated model. There is substantial heterogeneity in the findings on spillovers across different specifications of the model or sector studied.
EMPLOYEE RETENTION: AN ART TO REDUCE TURNOVER

Employee retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of the project. Employee retention is beneficial for the organization as well as the employee. Employees today are different. They are not the ones who don't have good opportunities in hand. As soon as they feel dissatisfied with the current employer or the job, they switch over to the next job. It is the responsibility of the employer to retain their best employees. If they don't, they would be left with no good employees. A good employer should know how to attract and retain its employees. Most employees feel that they are worth more than they are actually paid. There is a natural disparity between what people think they should be paid and what organizations spend in compensation. When the difference becomes too great and another opportunity occurs, turnover can result. Employees comprise the most vital assets of the company. In a work place where employees are not able to use their full potential and not heard and valued, they are likely to leave because of stress and frustration. In a transparent environment while employees get a sense of achievement and belongingness from a healthy work environment, the company is benefited with a stronger, reliable work-force harboring bright new ideas for its growth Blog Online and Earn Money.
Assessing Client Perceptions of the Quality of Commercial Valuation Reports in Malaysia

Abstract A property industry survey of major external users of commercial valuation reports in Malaysia was conducted in September 2008 to assess the client perceptions of the quality of commercial property valuation reports in Malaysia; this being the first such client satisfaction survey in a developing property market. This client satisfaction survey highlighted the perceived stature and integrity of the commercial valuation reports in Malaysia and the high levels of client satisfaction in valuations for all commercial property types. Concerns were raised in a number of key areas, with proposed solutions to these weaknesses identified. Ongoing issues for ISM and BOVAEA regarding the continued enhanced stature of the valuation process, valuation practice standards, valuation reports and public confidence in valuers in Malaysia are identified.
Neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex code both visual shapes and reward types

It has been reported that neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex respond to visual cues that predict reward; however, few studies have focused on the neuronal correlates with the predicted reward type and the cue stimulus. In this study, we used a paired association task and introduced a reversal condition, in which cue stimuli that usually predict water were switched to predict juice, and vice versa. Of 111 cue-responsive neurons, 60 neurons (54.1%) depended on both the cue stimulus and the predicted reward type. The results suggest that neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex can code both visual and reward information, and contribute to the association between these two pieces of information according to the current combination of a cue stimulus and a reward type.
Reduced cortical folding in schizophrenia: an MRI morphometric study.

OBJECTIVE Although well documented, regional brain structural abnormalities in schizophrenia are nonspecific, and morphometric parameters show significant overlapping between patients and healthy comparison subjects. An increasing number of studies have focused on supraregional models involving abnormalities of the neuronal circuitry between cortical regions in schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate cortical folding as an index of the neuronal wiring in different subtypes of schizophrenia. METHOD Magnetic resonance imaging measures of gyrification index in intervals of 3.6 mm along the total cerebral cortex were compared in 40 patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia and 20 healthy subjects. Psychopathology was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and the Negative Symptom Rating Scale. RESULTS The schizophrenia patients showed significantly reduced bilateral cortical folding relative to healthy comparison subjects. Such reductions were more pronounced in those with the disorganized subtype and showed an inverse correlation with negative symptoms and a positive correlation with positive symptoms. The paranoid subtype showed reduced cortical folding that was restricted to the left hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS These results from a larger patient group confirm a previous report of reduced cortical folding in schizophrenia patients. They also suggest a distinct pattern of abnormality between schizophrenia subtypes regarding the process of cerebral lateralization and are in agreement with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia.
The Story of SAGE Recommends

www.sagepublishing. com Suggested Citation: Maloney, A. (2016). The story of SAGE Recommends (White paper). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing. doi: 10.4135/wp160129.2. Retrieved from https://us.sagepub. com/sites/default/files/ SAGERecStory.pdf As a publisher of academic content that ranges from journal articles to numerical data to educational videos, covering subjects from theology to robotics, SAGE Publishing has always been interested in helping users to discover scholarly resources and connect concepts in new and innovative ways. In our 2016 discoverability white paper, Expecting the Unexpected (https://us.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/SerrDiscovery.pdf), we share research findings into serendipitous information seeking and explore potential solutions from publishers and librarians that support unplanned instances of scholarly discovery, such as contentand context-driven recommendations. In our research, we found that students and faculty are inclined to seek out content that they are comfortable with, for example, books and journals, without necessarily being aware of where to find other potentially useful sources of information—despite the fact that they state they would make use of a diverse range of formats (see Figure 1).
Revealing the cost of Type II diabetes in Europe.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS 'The Cost of Diabetes in Europe - Type II study' is the first coordinated attempt to measure total healthcare costs of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Europe. The study evaluated more than 7000 patients with Type II diabetes in eight countries -- Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. METHODS A bottom-up, prevalence-based design was used, which optimised the collection of data at the national level while maintaining maximum international comparability. Effort was made to ensure consistency in terms of data specification, data collection tools and methods, sampling design, and the analysis and reporting of results. Results are reported for individual countries and in aggregate for the total study population. RESULTS The total direct medical costs of Type II diabetes in the eight European countries was estimated at EUR 29 billion a year (1999 values). The estimated average yearly cost per patient was EUR 2834 a year. Of these costs, hospitalisations accounted for the greatest proportion (55%, range 30-65%) totalling EUR 15.9 billion for the eight countries. During the 6-month evaluation period, 13% of the Type II diabetic patients were hospitalised, with an average of 23 days in hospital projected annually. In contrast, drug costs for managing Type II diabetes were relatively low, with antidiabetic drugs and insulin accounting for only 7% of the total healthcare costs for Type II diabetes. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Type II diabetes mellitus is a common disease and the prevalence is expected to increase considerably in the future, especially in developing countries. Current comprehensive economic data on the costs of diabetes are required for policy decisions to optimise resource allocation and to evaluate different approaches for disease management.
A compact millimeter-wave dual-mode UWB microstrip BPF

A compact millimeter-wave dual-mode ultra wide-band microstrip bandpass filter is presented in this paper. This kind of filter uses hairpin resonator as its basic unit, and the input/output coupling structure can introduce transmission zeros at the both sides of the passband due to source/load (S/L) coupling. Short-circuited stub is loaded at the center of the hairpin resonator to form dual-mode resonator, which results in that a two order filter can produce four transmission poles in its wide passband. Simulation result shows good agreement with the coupling matrix synthesis result.
The Relationship Between Ownership Structure and Firm Performance: an Empirical Analysis over Heilongjiang Listed Companies

This paper investigates whether ownership structure has significant effects on the performance of listed companies in Heilongjiang Province, and in what ways it does. We will use the descriptive and empirical method to analysis the relationship between ownership structure and corporation performance. The studies also show the efficiency of corporation governance and its effect on performance of Heilongjiang listed-companies. Ownership structure has two implications: structure of ownership and ownership concentration. (Nature and Science. 2004;2(4):87-90).
Analysis the Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Women Clinics of Tehran City’s Referents by PCR

Aims: Trichomoniasis is the most common sexually-transmitted disease in the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis by PCR referred to the women clinics of Tehran City. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 140 women admitted to Tehran Loghman and Shahid Shoorideh clinics hospital from November 2013 to December 2014. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. Using 2 swabs, from the posterior fornix of the vagina, secretions were collected with a swab to examine in the vaginal TYI-S-33 culture and another for molecular detection placed in a tube containing 2ml of sterile saline and transferred to the laboratory. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and One-sample T test. Findings: Of 46 suspected patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection, vaginal secretions of 11 (7.8%) patients and urine samples of 4 (2.8%) patients by PCR, vaginal secretions of 6 (4.2%) and urine sample of 1 (0.5%) were reported positive in culture. There was a significant correlation between education and husbands’ job and Trichomonas vaginalis infection (p<0.05). There was not a significant correlation between contraception and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Employing new molecular methods based on PCR is recommended as a supplement or alternative to current methods for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis.
Adaptive control of stochastic Hammerstein–Wiener nonlinear systems with measurement noise

This paper deals with the adaptive control of a class of stochastic Hammerstein–Wiener nonlinear systems with measurement noise. Despite the fundamental progress achieved so far, a general theory framework about adaptive control of Hammerstein–Wiener models is still absent. Such situation is mainly due to the lack of an appropriate parameterisation model. To this end, this paper presents a novel parameterisation model that is to replace unmeasurable internal variables with their estimations. Then, the adaptive control algorithm to be applied is derived on the basis of self-tuning control. In addition, due to the use of the internal variable estimations, the stability and convergence properties are different from the self-tuning control. Our aim, in theoretical analysis, is to discover what limitations are in using the estimations instead of the true values in a control algorithm. Representative numerical examples are given and the simulation results verify the theoretical analysis.
Design and physical implementation of a data transfer interface used in network on chip

The implementation of an efficient network on chip (NOC) requires the design of efficient network interfaces (NI) which connects the intellectual's properties (IPs) to the routers. According to the NOC topologies, these NIs may be different. In this paper, we present at first the design of a novel architecture of a data transfer interface (DTI) which will be used in a new paradigm of network on chip, and then, we present the results of the verification and the physical implementation of this DTI. Because of the frequencies between the IPs and the network on chip are often different, the DTI is used for synchronizing data and avoiding the metastability risk. It is also used for storing the data in a FIFO in order to avoid losing them during the transfer. The DTI was designed with Verilog language, the verification was done by the Modelsim tool and finally the logical synthesis and the physical implementation were achieved by Cadence RTL Compiler and Encounter Digital Implementation respectively.
Rating Methodologies for Banks

The three major rating agencies are reassessing banks’ credit risk in the light of the recent crisis. So far, this has resulted in material downgrades, especially of European and US institutions, and increased agreement about banks’ overall level of creditworthiness and their greater dependence on public support than in the past. The agencies are also making efforts to enhance the transparency of bank ratings and the role of official support. Agency assessments of regulatory initiatives may affect policymakers' communication with financial markets.
A cognitive and user centric based approach for reverse engineering tool design

Reverse engineering tools aimed at facilitating software maintenance suffer from low adoption. Many are developed, but few are used by software engineers in performing their maintenance work. We introduce an approach for tool design that is aimed at increasing the adoptability potential of tools.Our approach is based on applying cognitive analysis to identify cognitively difficult aspects of maintenance work, then deriving cognitive requirements to address these difficulties. The approach is described in the context of the implementation of a reverse engineering tool we call DynaSee, which we have used to for the visualization of traces generated by a large telecommunications system. We describe how DynaSee addresses a specific set of cognitive difficulties.
The Performance Of Underwriter Analyst Recommendations: A Second Look

We examine whether affiliated financial analysts’ buy recommendations after IPOs earn lower returns than those of unaffiliated analysts during the 1994-2001 time period, when analysts working at investment banks are alleged to have been influenced by conflicts of interest. We extend the work of Michaely and Womack (1999), who studied 1990-1991 IPOs. In contrast to their results, we do not see affiliated analyst recommendations earning lower abnormal buy-and-hold returns than unaffiliated at intervals of three, six or twelve months after the recommendations. Rather, our results show that the results vary considerably from year to year, without evident time trend. We find that while affiliated recommendations do not discriminate between good and bad IPO stocks, unaffiliated recommendations arrive too late to provide useful trading advice. * Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; (650) 7230833; fmcnich@leland.stanford. edu ** School of Accountancy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W. , Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; (519) 888-4567, ext. 5423; pobrien@uwaterloo.ca *** School of Accountancy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W. , Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1; (519) 888-4567, ext. 7119; pamukcu@uwaterloo.ca
ANALISYS OF THE IMPACT OF THE RATINGS INCREASING IN THE CAPITAL COST OF A COMPANY FROM THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY

The aim of this work was to analyze the possible impact that elevations in risk ratings (ratings) can bring the cost of a company through a case study. The development of Brazil's capitals market in recent years has brought the importance of obtaining ratings given by specialized agencies as part of the process in fundraising. With this case study seeks to verify such relevance through a comparative analysis between the ratings that a company obtained and its cost of capital over a period of time. For the completion of the work, was selected a national petrochemical company, which obtained different classifications and subsequent elevations in its rating over the period selected for study.
ATP induces Ca2+ release from IP3‐sensitive Ca2+ stores exclusively in large DRG neurones

PURINORECEPTOR-MEDIATED intracellular Ca2+ release was studied in freshly isolated adult mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurones. The cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured using indo-1-based microfluorimetry. The application of 100 μM ATP in Ca2+-free solution triggered an increase in [Ca2+]i in 93% of large DRG neurones but in no small ones. The ATP-induced [Ca2+]i transients in large neurones were inhibited by cells incubation with thapsigargin or by intracellular dialysis with heparin-containing solution. The ATP-triggered increase in [Ca2+]i was not mimicked by adenosine and was blocked by suramin, suggesting the involvement of metabotropic (P2Y) purinoreceptors. We conclude that large (proprioceptive) DRG neurones express P2Y purinoreceptors linked to the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-Ca2+ intracellular signal transduction cascade, whereas small (nociceptive) DRG neurones are devoid of such a mechanism.
Increasing efficiency from censored survival data by using random effects to model longitudinal covariates

When estimating a survival time distribution, the loss of information due to right censoring results in a loss of efficiency in the estimator. In many circumstances, however, repeated measurements on a longitudinal process which is associated with survival time are made throughout the observation time, and these measurements may be used to recover information lost to censoring. For example, patients in an AIDS clinical trial may be measured at regular intervals on CD4 count and viral load. We describe a model for the joint distribution of a survival time and a repeated measures process. The joint distribution is specified by linking the survival time to subject-specific random effects characterizing the repeated measures, and is similar in form to the pattern mixture model for multivariate data with nonignorable nonresponse. We also describe an estimator of survival derived from this model. We apply the methods to a long-term AIDS clinical trial, and study properties of the survival estimator. Monte Carlo simulation is used to estimate gains in efficiency when the survival time is related to the location and scale of the random effects distribution. Under relatively light censoring (20%), the methods yield a modest gain in efficiency for estimating three-year survival in the AIDS clinical trial. Our simulation study, which mimics characteristics of the clinical trial, indicates that much larger gains in efficiency can be realized under heavier censoring or with studies designed for long term follow up on survival.
Are Managers’ Perceptions that Investors are Myopic Justified? - A Comparison of the Market’s Assessment of the Returns to Expenditures on R&D, IT and CAPEX

We study whether managers’ are correct in their perception that investors are myopic towards more ‘innovative’ investments, defined in this paper as those in research and development (R&D) and information technology (IT). We first examine the stock market’s relative response to investments using a novel dataset that tracks all investments in R&D, IT and capital expenditures (CAPEX) made by Australian listed firms over the period 1994 to 2006. Continuous disclosure rules in Australia help ensure that the sample is less affected by endogeneity concerns, in which companies might ‘select’ which announcements to make, giving rise to a sample selection bias. We report positive and statistically significant cumulative average abnormal returns (CAARs), ranging from 1.65% to 4.45%, which are higher than those reported by previous studies. Investments in R&D and IT generate significantly higher CAARs, even after controlling for the Dotcom bubble period. Long-run value tests also confirm that the marginal value of an additional dollar spent on R&D significantly exceeds that of CAPEX. The results suggest that investors do not react myopically to more ‘innovative’ investments. We next examine the determinants of announcement returns, and find some support for firm size, free cash flow, growth options, industry concentration, and whether the firm is a serial announcer. We also show that while investments in R&D and IT result in greater investor uncertainty, controlling for this in our regression models confirms that they continue to generate significantly higher returns than CAPEX. Robustness tests indicate that the higher returns reported for R&D and IT investments cannot be explained by sample specification issues, or potential inherent or omitted risk factors.
HOW READY ARE THE TURKISH HOSPITALITY AND TRAVEL ORGANIZATIONS FOR E-COMPLAINT HANDLING

Main purpose of this study was to examine Turkish hospitality and travel organizations’ readiness level with e-complaint handling processes and to reveal their return intent to ecomplaints. Although handling customer complaints online has become a strategic concern in hospitality and travel industries, we couldn’t attain any studies which compare sub categories of services in the context of e-complaints. Hence, the secondary aim was to contribute to the literature in this field. Data were collected from the online Turkish complaint site “Sikayetimvar.com” which has made customer feedback publicly available. For the airline sector 299 and for health-care sector 316 filed complaints were transferred into single documents as data for content analysis. Each dataset was coded. Then coded data were analyzed by using SPSS. Findings indicate that health-care and airline companies were more enthusiastic about a response than the lodging sector. Results of the paper bring up some implications for lodging sector.