Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Anaerobically Digested Swine Manure as a Nitrogen Source in Corn Production

Swine (Sus scrofa) manure is an important source of N for crop production. The processing of manure in an anaerobic digester for biogas production is only a partial manure treatment process and is not designed as a disposal method. However, digestion will alter manure characteristics, and this may affect nutrient availability to crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the N supply to corn (Zea mays L.) from swine manure before and after anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Raw and digested swine manure were late-fall applied as main plots, with three manure N rates as subplots, and six fertilizer N rates as sub-subplots. Response to manure and fertilizer N was determined through soil inorganic N, plant N status and uptake, and grain yield. After 3 yr of study, results indicated no difference between raw and digested swine manure as a source of N for plant use in the year of application or in the residual year. Equivalence to fertilizer N was the same with both raw and digested swine manure, and varied between years with 100% in 2000, 44% in 2001, and 60% in 2002. These differences are attributed to varying growing seasons and N loss potential from time of late fall manure application compared with the spring-applied fertilizer N. Late fall and early spring soil sampling indicated rapid conversion to NO 3 with both sources. Results of this work indicate that digested liquid swine manure can readily supply plant-available N and management for corn production should be the same as with raw swine manure.
Dynamic Deflection of a Non-Uniform Rayleigh Beam when under the Action of Distributed Load.

The problem being investigated in this paper is that of the dynamic behavior of non-uniform beam on a constant elastic foundation. The elastic properties of the beam, the flexural rigidity, the mass per unit length, and the elastic modulus parameter are expressed as functions of the spatial variable x. However, an assumed mode technique is employed to simplify the displacement of the non-uniform system to second order ordinary differential equation and then solved via Laplace method. The effects of damping, elastic foundation and rotatory inertia correction factors on the dynamic deflection of Rayleigh beams on distributed load are also investigated.
Stream ecosystems respond to riparian invasion by Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica)

There are growing concerns about the rapid spread of exotic plants into riparian zones, yet little information is currently available on their influence on stream ecosystems. This study assessed the impact of riparian invasion by Japa- nese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), an aggressive invader, on leaf litter breakdown and its associated biota (aquatic hyphomycete fungi and benthic invertebrates) in heterotrophic, low-order streams in The Pennines (England) and the Pyre- nees (France). Our results suggest that leaf consumers (aquatic hyphomycetes and invertebrate shredders) can readily use knotweed leaf litter even in stream sites where it was not previously present. However, aquatic hyphomycete and inverte- brate assemblages differed between stream sites with and without knotweed. Leaf litter breakdown rate and relative abun- dance of large invertebrate shredders (mainly Trichoptera) were enhanced in the Pyrenean invaded site, whose channel contained a high proportion of knotweed leaf litter, whereas no such effects were observed in The Pennines, possibly be- cause of the less extensive knotweed invasion. Alteration of riparian vegetation by plant invaders could therefore increas- ingly influence instream community and ecological functions as the severity of invasion rises. Resume : En depit des preoccupations majeures posees par la proliferation rapide de plantes exotiques dans les zones riveraines, il existe actuellement peu de donnees concernant les consequences ecologiques sur les cours d'eau. Dans cette etude, nous avons evalue l'effet de la renouee du Japon (Fallopia japonica), une plante eminemment envahissante, sur la decomposition des feuilles et les organismes biologiques associes (hyphomycetes aquatiques et invertebres ben- thiques) dans des petits cours d'eau heterotrophes de la region des Pennines (Angleterre) et des Pyrenees (France). Nos resultats suggerent que les consommateurs de feuilles (hyphomycetes aquatiques et invertebres dechiqueteurs) peuvent aisement utiliser la litiere de renouee, meme au sein des troncons de cours d'eau ou elle n'etait pas presente aupara- vant. Cependant, les assemblages d'hyphomycetes aquatiques et d'invertebres different entre les troncons de cours d'eau avec et sans renouee du Japon. La vitesse de decomposition des litieres et l'abondance relative des invertebres dechiqueteurs de grande taille (principalement les Trichopteres) ont augmente au niveau du site pyreneen envahi ou do- mine la litiere de renouee. Ces resultats ne s'observent pas sur le site envahi des Pennines, peut-etre en raison de la moindre ampleur de l'invasion par la renouee. Ainsi l'impact des plantes exotiques sur la structure et les fonctions eco- logiques des communautes aquatiques pourrait etre en rapport avec l'intensite de l'invasion.
Diab, Mohamed Said Ibrahim Mahmoud and Williams, Barry and Holliday, Derrick and Massoud, Ahmed and Ahmed, Shehab (2017) A modular multilevel converter with isolated energy-balancing modules for MV drives

A modular multilevel converter (MMC) configuration is presented as a medium-voltage high-power drive for variablespeed applications incorporating symmetrical six-phase machines. The topology employs six standard MMC phase-legs feeding two isolated groups of three-phase machine windings, each with 60° spatial phase-displacement. A novel concept of ripple-power decoupling between adjacent sub-modules (SMs) of MMC phaselegs, while feeding machine windings in a spatial phase-opposition fashion, is realized through isolated dc-dc converter modules. This concept offers a significant reduction in SM capacitance, while eliminating the problem of SM capacitor wide voltage fluctuations, especially at low operating frequencies. Furthermore, the proposed configuration can efficiently operate at near zero frequency, therefore a machine speed-range from zero speed up to the rated speed is possible under rated torque operating conditions. The proposed MMC configuration is analyzed in detail, and its performance is validated using both simulation and
Discrete Event Passenger Flow Simulation Model for an Airport Terminal Capacity Analysis

This paper describes analysis of departure passenger flow in an airport terminal, from the passenger entrance to boarding; involving the development of simulation model. The basis for the simulation model was a snapshot of the passenger flow data taken during the summer periods from 2003 to 2004. Various data were collected and used to define the inputs to a simulation model. The next step was a statisti­cal analysis of the collected data. A discrete-event simulation model using simulation programming language General Purpose Simulation System (GPSS) was constructed. The performance of the system in the present and expected future was studied. The simulation model helped us to evaluate the passenger flow, identify the system bottlenecks as well as the system capacities. Critical aspects in the passanger flow through the airport terminal have been explored and studied. Recommendations based on the results of models runs were made.
Assessing the Costs of Protection in a Context of Switching Stochastic Regimes

Abstract We consider the problem of cost assessment in the context of switching stochastic regimes. The dynamics of a given asset include a background noise, described by a Brownian motion and a random shock, the impact of which is characterized by changes in the coefficient diffusions. A particular economic agent that is directly exposed to variations in the underlying asset price, incurs some costs, , when the underlying asset price reaches a certain threshold, L. Ideally, the agent would make advance provision, or hedge, for these costs at time 0. We evaluate the amount of provision, or the hedging premium, , for these costs in the disrupted environment, with changes in the regime for a given time horizon, and analyse the sensitivity of this amount to possible model misspecifications.
Evaluation of the Big-Two-Factor Theory of Motivation Orientations: An Evaluation of Jingle-Jangle Fallacies

Motivation orientation research consistently finds two factors, Performance and Learning, that overlap substantially with other factors coming from different theoretical perspectives of motivation. Similar to related work in the Big-Five Theory of Personality, researchers posited a Big-Two-Factor Theory of motivation orientation and evaluated the implicit assumption that selected motivation constructs can be represented as higher-order Performance and Learning factors. They collected test-retest data (multi-item scales designed to measure eight motivational constructs) from elementary school students. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) provided good support for each of the eight scales. Higher order CFA models fit the data reasonably well for each time considered separately and the well-defined, higher-order Learning and Performance factors. For combined pretest/posttest data, the substantial test-retest correlations for first-order factors were not adequately explained by higher order factors. A multi-cohort, multi-occasion analysis of mean differences showed strictly linear declines that were smaller for Learning-related scales than Performance-related scales. While results supported the Big-Two-Factor Theory, there was considerable variance in each of the eight scales that was reliable at any one time and stable over time but unexplained by the higher-order factors. (Contains 72 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Evaluation of the Big-Two-Factor Theory of Motivation Orientations: An Evaluation of Jingle-Jangle Fallacies Herbert W. Marsh, Rhonda G. Craven, Dennis McInerney University of Western Sydney, Macarthur
Evaluating Capacity Development for Participatory Forestry in Sal Forests in Bangladesh Based on ‘ 4 Rs ’ Stakeholder Analysis

Participatory forest management (PFM) in Bangladesh has become the dominant strategy in the country’s forestry sector. The main goal of PFM is to enhance the capacity of both state and civil society stakeholders to manage forests in a sustainable manner. This study aims at evaluating the capacity development of key stakeholders using ‘4Rs’ stakeholder analysis. The data for this study were collected through focus group discussions with local stakeholders, individual interviews with forest department (FD) staff and sample survey on participating farmers. Information derived from focus group and individual interviews were analysed using conceptual content analysis and sample survey data were analysed using statistical analysis. The conceptual content analysis suggests the followings: among the stakeholders, national government, concerned civil servants, concerned FD staff and funding agency are the most important and most influential stakeholders; although the local FD staff and participating farmers are the most important and experienced stakeholders, they can not participate in decision-making process and thus are less influential stakeholders; FD usually have ownership and revenue collection rights over the PFM project; participating farmers have only usufruct rights on forest resources and they are responsible for protecting and managing the participatory managed forests; those stakeholders with much responsibilities and rights benefit less. The relationships between the project implementers and the local stakeholders are poor. Statistical analysis suggests the followings: about 46% of the participating farmers did not received any benefits from the forests; about 30% of the participating farmers who received benefits were not satisfied with benefits; about 85% of participating farmers did not attend any decision-making process; about 19% of participating farmers did not agree with the strategy of PFM; about 28% of the participating farmers were unable to practice PFM by their acquired capacity. Overall analyses suggest that capacity of stakeholders for sustainable PFM did not develop up to the level desired by the project proposal.
Release Profile of Volatiles in Fluidised Bed Combustion of Biomass

A simplified model for the release profile of volatiles in fluidised and circulating fluidised beds is presented. The location of the release of volatiles in the furnace depends on the interplay of flow of fuel particles affecting their location and heating of fuel particles affecting rates of drying and pyrolysis and consequently the mass of fuel particles. The coupled equations describing heating, de-volatilization including drying, elutriation and movement of particles are solved to find the release profile. Large heavy particles remain in the dense bed whereas light particles are entrained by the gas and elutriated from the bed to the riser. The situation is dynamic, since fuel particles lose weight due to release of moisture and volatiles and decrease in size due to shrinkage affecting their movement and escape from the lower dense bed to the riser. The model is based on the following the fate of a small batch of fuel particles undergoing de-volatilization and elutriation from the dense bed. The model predicts the location of the release of volatiles and the profile of the release of volatiles in the riser. Part of volatiles is released in the dense bed and the rest above the bed in the riser.
The Urban-Rural Unemployment Gap in Kenya

ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background to the study . 1 1.2 Population and Labour Force Participation Patterns in Kenya. 3 1.3 Unemployment Policies and Interventions in Kenya. 7 1.4 Research Problem . 9 1.5 Research Objectives . 10 1.6 Justification of the Study . 10 1.7 Outline of the study . 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 12 2.
Glass transition temperature: Basics and application in pharmaceutical sector

Glass transition temperature (Tg) is an important tool used to modify physical properties of drug and polymer molecules. g is shown by certain crystalline as well as amorphous solids. During the process of heating, some solid gets melted and if quench cooled, instead of crystallizing, gets converted to amorphous solid form appearing as that of glass. This glass formation is seen because of the dynamic arrest of molecules forming a disordered state at Tg. The molecules/atoms in glassy state are subject to only vibration and not translational and rotational motion. Mainly, at Tg, conversion of glassy (vitrified, amorphous) solid to rubbery (viscous liquid) takes place. Numerous factors like structural change in molecules, cooling rate and incorporation of additives alter the Tg. Techniques like differential scanning calorimetry, elastic modulus, broad-line NMR are used to measure the Tg of substances. The change in Tg has been carried out to improve dissolution and bioavailability, processing and handling qualities of the material.
Ubiquitous Expression of Genes in tissues of Goat (Capra hircus) Using RNA-seq

Since very little information is available on goat transcriptome (only few sequenced genes and ESTs are available in the database), our main aim was to analyze the goat transcriptome for identification of ubiquitous genes through RNA-Seq approach, expression of genes across tissues and analyse the functional pathways which these highly expressed genes follow. RNA-Seq analysis was carried out on 10 tissues of Osmanabadi goats. The data was 2x76 base pair paired end reads generated using Illumina Genome Analyser GAIIx. More than 40 million reads per tissue were generated. The data was mapped using CLC Genomics Workbench on Ensembl cattle (Btau_4.0) genes version 62 downloaded from BioMart. The mapping statistics was discerned for each of the mapped gene for all the 10 tissues. There was a great deal of homology between the genes of cattle and goats and this was expected as both are ruminants and phylogenetically close to one another. The expression profile for genes of each of the 10 tissues was calculated in terms of RPKM values. The differential expression of genes among the different tissues was carried out using 3 algorithms. The genes common among the 3 algorithms were associated with GO IDs and the functional annotation was carried out by estimating the GO term occurrences using CateGOrizer web server. The study revealed that more than 75% genes are ubiquitously expressed (expressed in all tissues) with very limited number of tissue specific genes based on expression values (expressed in only one tissue). These genes are mostly related with the specific functions performed by various tissues.
Resampling SRTM 03"-data with kriging

SRTM is now been widely used as source for DEMs. The data is distributed at horizontal resolution of 30 meters (aprox. 1arcsec) for areas within the U.S.A. and at 90 meters resolution (aprox. 3arcsec) for the rest of the world. A resolution of 90m can be considered suitable for small or medium-scale analysis, but it is too coarse for more detailed purposes. The present alternative is to interpolate the DEM at a finer resolution. It won’t increase the level of detail of the original DEM, but it will lead to a surface where there is coherence of angular properties (i.e., slope, aspect) between neighbouring pixels (Valeriano et al., 2006), an important characteristic when dealing with terrain analysis. The purpose of this article is to present the steps necessary to improve the resolution of a DEM using variogram modelling and kriging, as well as a brief comparison of the results with those obtained with interpolation by Regularised Splines with Tension (RST). GRASS users must be aware of the half-pixel shift in SRTM "finished" data from USGS web site 4 and use proper tools to import SRTM data, as pointed by Neteler (2005).
Non-coding Vibration in Circadian Oscillation

Neuron driven physiological activities such as sleep, feeding, energy consumption are controlled by light sensitive central clock genes in the pacemaker neurons in the brain. Multiple epigenetic events including post-transcriptional regulation, splicing, polyadenylation, mature mRNA editing and stability of translation products are the main vibrators for circadian oscillation with the instructive role of various sets of non-coding small regulatory RNA. Here, we sum up the basic role of small regulatory RNA and their epigenetic circuits in brain clock activity.
Improving identity crime detection using Scheduling for Fast Response Multi-pattern Matching over Streaming Events

Due to a rapid advancement in the electronic commerce technology, the use of credit cards has dramatically increased. As credit card becomes the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as regular purchase, cases of fraud associated with it are also rising. Credit card fraud is the specific crime in banking system. The credit card crime has been growing rapidly for the last few years. The process of making profit through credit card in the economy has been decreased about 8.2 crore annually in India. To avoid and predict the fraudulent activities on credit card application, in this paper a method of detecting the fraud over credit card on behalf of the cibil score. As datamining provides various ways to retrieve an appropriate data from the storage, here in proposed system an efficient way of matching the data provided by the applicants of credit card along with the cibil list to predict the fraudsters. The existing process of fraud detection has the drawbacks of effectiveness and scalability for multiple variants of data, the Scheduling for Fast Response multi-pattern matching algorithm used to match the large amount of attributes, In order to predict the fraudulent applicants with an appropriate time constraints. Together with the communal detection (CD) and spike detection (SD) algorithm that removes the redundant attributes and generates the credit score for cibil list or black list. The cibil score varies about 300 to 900, it has been recorded in the credit history and by considering its range the credits are provided to the lender or customer, and they are added to the white list. Index Terms—Data mining-based fraud detection, security, data stream mining, anomaly detection, Event-based (EBS) and Run-based (RBS) Scheduling.
UNSTEADY ADJOINT TO THE CUT-CELL METHOD USING MESH ADAPTATION ON GPU’S

Abstract. In its first part, this paper presents a cut-cell method for simulating 2D unsteady inviscid flows of compressible fluids in domains with moving boundaries. To solve shape optimization problems, the gradient of the aerodynamic shape optimization with respect to (w.r.t.) the design variables is computed via the continuous adjoint approach. An automatic grid adaptation method based on a quad-tree data structure allows low memory usage for storing geometric data. The no-penetration condition along the surface of the emerged bodies, is implemented using a second-order cut-cell approach. To avoid numerical instabilities during the solution of the flow and adjoint PDEs, very small cut-cells are merged with neighboring active cells to yield the finite-volume where the flow or adjoint equations are integrated. In transonic flow simulations, the Cartesian grid is adapted not only to the solid boundaries but, also, to the evolving flow discontinuities. The refined grid follows the moving solid wall and discontinuities, by means of local refinement and derefinement processes. The paper focuses on the schemes used to interpolate the flow solution fields between successive time-steps, as the grid becomes adapted to the moving geometry. During the solution of the unsteady adjoint PDEs, since the adjoint solver marches backwards in time and the adapted Cartesian grids are continuously changing, care should be taken so as to have full access to the necessary geometric quantities at all cells, even if these did not exist at previous time-steps. Both the primal and adjoint solvers are programmed on GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), using CUDA-C, to reduce the optimization wall-clock time. Results are presented for both the analysis and optimization problems.
3.5 Digitale Transformation der Personalentwicklung - Vom Training zum erweiterten Leistungsportfolio

Die zunehmende Digitalisierung von Lebens- und Arbeitswelten begleitet uns schon eine ganze Weile. Beispiele sind etwa die Einfuhrung von personlichen Computern und digitalen Musiktragern (Musik-CD) ab Anfang der 1980er Jahre. Mit den Entwicklungen im Bereich Social Media, Mobile und Cloud Computing hat diese Digitalisierung an Fahrt aufgenommen und gegenwartig beschaftigen uns die noch nicht ganz absehbaren Implikationen des Internet of Things und der kunstlichen Intelligenz. Diese Entwicklungen betreffen auch die betriebliche Personalentwicklung. Es ist noch nicht ganz klar, welche Kompetenzen auf Seiten der Mitarbeitenden und Fuhrungskrafte kunftig vorrangig entwickelt werden mussen und wie dies am besten zu bewerkstelligen ist. So viel zeigt sich aber heute schon: das Leistungsportfolio von betrieblichen Bildungsbereichen wird breiter werden. Damit verbunden stellen sich neue Herausforderungen bei der Professionalisierung der Bildungsarbeit. Dies betrifft neue Rollenprofile (beispielsweise Kurator oder Community Manager) ebenso wie das zielfuhrende Einsetzen von unterstutzenden Werkzeugen – bei formal organisiertem Lehren und Lernen, beim Kuratieren von Lerninhalten, bei der Unterstutzung von Lern- und Reflexionsprozessen am Arbeitsplatz und schlieslich auch bei der Unterstutzung von informellem Lernen.