Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dinâmica populacional e incidência de moscas-das-frutas e parasitoides em cultivares de pessegueiros (Prunus Persica L. Batsch) no município de presidente prudente-sp

ABSTRACT - The objectives of this research were evaluate the population dynamic and diversity of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea) on peach cultivars Tropical, Talisma, Aurora 2, Aurora 1, Dourado 2 and Docura 2, under the rootstocks ‘Okinawa’ and Ume, in Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The dynamic popula-tion of fruit flies was correlated with temperature and precipitation. The fruit fly infestation was correlated with chemical characteristics of fruits. During July 2004 to December 2006, the fruit fly population was monitored weekly using McPhail traps. The natural infestation was estimated from 30 fruits of each cultivar collected per year. The experiment was conducted under randomized design with five replications. Ceratitis capitata was dominant on peach cultivars for the both rootstocks. No significant correlations were detected between the fruit fly densities and the temperature and precipitation, and the variables soluble solids and titratable acidity. Among peach cultivars, Aurora 2 presented the highest infestation by C. capitata, reach-ing 22% and 23%, in 2004 and 2006, respectively. Neosilba spp. (Lonchaeidae) was also recovered from peaches. Doryctobracon areolatus (Braconidae), Tetrastichus giffardianus (Eulophidae) and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Pteromalidae) were recovered from Tephritidae pulparium.Index-terms: peach, rootstocks, population dynamic, Tephritidae, Lonchaeidae.
Ultrafast DNA sensors with DNA framework-bridged hybridization reactions.

Intracellular DNA-based hybridization reactions generally undergo under tension rather than in free states, which are spa-tiotemporally controlled in physiological conditions. However, how nanomechanical forces affect DNA hybridization effi-ciencies in in-vitro DNA assays, e.g. biosensors or biochips, remains largely elusive. Here we design DNA framework-based nanomechanical handles that can control the stretching states of DNA molecules. Using a pair of tetrahedral DNA frame-work (TDF) nanostructured handles, we develop bridge DNA sensors that can capture target DNA with ultrafast speed and high efficiency. We find that the rigid TDF handles binds two ends of a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and holds it at a stretched state, with apparent stretching length comparing to its counterpart of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) via atom-ic force microscopy (AFM) measurement. The DNA stretching effect of ssDNA is then monitored using single molecular fluorescence energy transfer (FRET), resulting in decreased FRET efficiency in the stretched ssDNA. By controlling the stretching state of ssDNA, we obtained significantly improved hybridization kinetics (within 1 min) and hybridization effi-ciency (~ 98%) under the target concentration of 500 nM. The bridge DNA sensors demonstrated high sensitivity (1 fM), high specificity (single mismatch mutation discrimination) and high selectivity (suitable for the detection in serum and blood) under the target concentration of 10 nM. The controlling of stretching state of ssDNA show great potential in the applications of biosensors, bioimaging and biochips.
Research on a floating thermoelectric power generator for use in wetland monitoring

A floating power generation device is designed and fabricated to overcome the power supply limitations of wireless sensor networks for environmental monitoring. Once there is a temperature difference between the upper surface exposed to sunlight and the lower surface in the water, the device is capable of generating power while floating in the wetland environment. Fresnel lenses were applied to concentrate solar irradiation on a selective absorbing coat. Meanwhile two vertical axis rotors were used to cool the cold side of the thermoelectric power generator by catching the breeze. The effects of solar irradiation, temperature distribution, load resistance, wind speed, the maximum power and the electrical efficiency of the thermoelectric power generator were analyzed. When subjected to solar irradiation of 896.38 W/m2, the device generated a potential difference of 381.03 mV and a power output of 8.86 mW via thermoelectric generation. In addition, compared with the system without wind, the output power was increased by approximately 10.96% in our system. The low power wireless networks, used in wetland environments, could be operated by the thermoelectric power generated by the floating device. Besides, this system offers powering solution for self-power miniature devices that are applied in aqueous environment.
Nucleotide sequence analysis and comparison of the structural genes for Shiga-like toxin I and Shiga-like toxin II encoded by bacteriophages from Escherichia coli 933

The nucleotide sequence of the Shiga-like toxin type II (SLT-II) structural genes cloned from bacteriophage 933W of the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 933 was determined. This sequence was compared with the published sequence for the structural genes of the antigenically distinct Shiga-like toxin type I (SLT-I) encoded by bacteriophage 933J. The SLT-I and SLT-II structural genes shared 58% overall nucleotide and 56% amino acid sequence homologies. The A and B subunits of SLT-I and SLT-II were nearly identical in size and had similar secondary structures and hydropathy plots. The regulation proposed for the SLT-II operon is similar to that previously proposed for SLT-I.
Host Adaptation and Replication Properties of Two Bipartite Geminiviruses and Their Pseudorecombinants

To investigate factors involved in host adaptation and specificity of bipartite geminiviruses, the infectivity of bean dwarf mosaic (BDMV) and tomato mottle (ToMoV) geminiviruses and the BDMV/ToMoV pseudorecombinants [BDMV DNA-A + ToMoV DNA-B (BA+TB) and ToMoV DNA-A + BDMV DNA-B (TA+BB)] in Phaseolus vulgaris, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana benthamiana, and N. tabacum plants was determined. Additionally, replication of these viruses was examined in protoplasts prepared from N. tabacum BY2 and Xanthi-nc cells. In adapted hosts and the permissive experimental host, N. benthamiana, BDMV and ToMoV infected nearly 100% of inoculated plants, induced severe symptoms, and had high levels of both DNA components. In nonadapted hosts, BDMV and ToMoV infected approximately 40% of inoculated plants, induced no symptoms, and had reduced levels of both DNA components. For the pseudorecombinants, symptoms were observed only in TA+BB-infected N. benthamiana and P. vulgaris plants. In the other pseudorecombinant/host c.
Pollen grain stereostructure, viability and germination; correlation with temperature of Antirrhinum tortuosum Bosc

Summary The present article describes the pollen grain stereostructure (SEM), viability with fluorescein diacetate, and correlation between the temperature of 5°C and 25°C and the germination and pollen tube length of Antirrhinum tortuosum Bosc, collected in Cefalu (Palermo). We have shown that the growth of the pollen tube is related to the temperature and that the quantity of pollen showing fluorochromasia corresponds with that of the functional, germinated pollen.
Resistance in chickpeas to Ascochyta rabiei.

A technique for large-scale screening of chickpeas for resistance to Ascochyta blight involves interplanting a susceptible spreader line, scattering infected debris between rows, spraying with spores from infected plants, and providing high humidity by sprinkler irrigation. By this screening method, in two to three seasons, 21 lines and 36 progenies in the F4 to F7 generations were identified as resistant among 9,385 genotypes involving germ plasm lines and segregating populations. Four lines were resistant in three Mediterranean countries. Three accessions, one each of the wild species of Cicer pinnatifidum, C. montbretti, and C. judaicum, were highly resistant.
An assessment of the breeding range, colony sizes and population of the Westland petrel (Procellaria westlandica)

Abstract The Westland petrel (Procellaria westlandica) is an endemic New Zealand species and one of the very few burrowing seabird species still breeding on mainland New Zealand. It nests only on a series of coastal ridgelines near to Punakaiki on the West Coast of the South Island. Between 2002 and 2005, surveys were undertaken at 28 of the 29 known colonies. The area occupied by the colonies was 73 ha; most colonies had fewer than 50 burrows, but six colonies had 201–500 burrows and four colonies had more than 1000 burrows. We find that the current breeding range of Westland petrel and the location of individual colonies are similar to those reported in both the 1950s and 1970s. Based on total burrow counts at 28 colonies and burrow occupancy rates determined by annual monitoring, the annual breeding population is estimated to be between 2954 and 5137 breeding pairs.
Projection-based Relevance Model for Table Retrieval

We propose a novel relevance model for table-retrieval using table columns (“projections”) as pseudo-relevance feedback. To demonstrate the merits of our proposed approach, we re-rank tables that were initially retrieved from a Wikipedia corpus by state-of-the-art table retrieval methods. Overall, our proposed projection-based relevance model (PTRM) results in significant performance gains.
Automatic Labeling of Tweets for Crisis Response Using Distant Supervision

Current tweet classification models aimed at enhancing crisis response are based on supervised deep learning. They rely on the quality and quantity of human-labeled training data. Still, the available training data is small in size and imbalanced in coverage of crisis types, which prevents the models from generalization, and as it is manually labeled, it is also expensive to produce. To overcome these problems, distant supervision can be applied to automatically generate large-scale labeled data for tweet classification for crisis response. Experimental results on different crisis events show that our work can produce good quality labeled data from past and recent events. Substituting automatically labeled training data for part of the manually labeled training data has a minimal impact on the model performance, indicating that automatically labeled data can be used when no hand-labeled data is available.
Increases in thermophilus plants in an arid alpine community in response to experimental warming

ABSTRACT A warming climate has been shown to drive thermophilization—shifts in species abundance toward those adapted to warm and dry conditions. The community dynamics shaping this process have been proposed to vary between temperature-limited alpine plant communities and those that are both temperature and moisture limited. In nine sites across the xeric alpine zone in the White Mountains, California, USA, we experimentally increased summertime temperature and precipitation for three seasons and quantified community responses with a climatic niche analysis. We asked if thermophilization occurred in response to experimental heating, and if this effect was ameliorated by experimental watering. Under experimentally warmer conditions, we found no change in the mean community-weighted climatic niche (CCN); however, thermophilization of this community was observed based on a shift in the seventy-fifth percentile of the CCN and an increase in the proportional abundance of the hottest, driest adapted species. In addition, total vegetation abundance increased and species richness decreased with heating. Experimental watering did not ameliorate these effects of heating. Together, these results suggest that warming in arid alpine areas may result in less diverse plant communities dominated by hot, dry associated species, although short-term responses may be limited because of community lags.
Enzymatic analysis and in vitro ovicidal effect of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Paecilomyces lilacinus on Oxyuris equi eggs of horses

Abstract The aim of this work was to analyse the enzymatic activity and in vitro ovicidal effect of Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1 and VC4) and Paecilomyces lilacinus (PL1) on Oxyuris equi eggs of horses. The growth of isolates and their enzymatic production were evaluated on agar media supplemented with gelatin (GA), casein (CA), olive oil (OOA) or starch (SSA). The ovicidal effect was evaluated according to morphological alterations. Following, the P. chlamydosporia crude extract production and proteolytic content was evaluated (VC1 and VC4) in liquid medium at the interval of 15, 30, 45 and 60 min during incubation of P. chlamydosporia and P. lilacinus which grew and showed enzymatic activity on agar media (GA, CA, OOA and SSA). At the 15th day, VC1, VC4 and PL1 showed results on GA, CA, OOA and SSA media, for Type 3 effect of (78, 54, 52 and 68%), (72, 50, 58 and 78%) and (62, 57, 65 and 63%). Pochonia chlamydosporia was able to grow in liquid medium (gelatin) and at Day 5 showed proteolytic activity. The results of the present work suggest that P. chlamydosporia and P. lilacinus can be used in the biological control of O. equi eggs.
Forward-Gesturing

This paper discusses hand-gestures that serve as incipient and premonitory components of communicative actions and components of such actions. Gestures are examined with respect to the position in emerging turns and sequences of talk where they are made: before and at turn-beginning, in mid-turn, and during moments of turn-completion; and the projections that they make at these positions are delineated. Hand-gestures and their positioning relative to unfolding units of talk exemplify how the multimodality of the human body serves in the coordination of social action and the achievement of intersubjectivity.
Bacteriocins and their Food Applications.

Over the last 2 decades, a variety of bacteriocins, produced by bacteria that kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria, have been identified and characterized biochemically and genetically. This review article focuses on the ecology of bacteriocins, determination of bacteriocin activity, biosynthesis of bacteriocins, and mode of action. Bacteriocin production and modeling are discussed in the article. Nisin is discussed in some detail in this article since it is currently the only purified bacteriocin approved for food use in the U.S. and has been successfully used for several decades as a food preservative in more than 50 countries. For activity spectra and food applications, the review article focuses primarily on class I and class IIa bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) given their development as food preservatives.
MORPHOMETRIC AND mtDNA ANALYSES OF ARCHAIC SKELETAL REMAINS FROM SOUTHWESTERN SOUTH AMERICA

Durante decadas los antropologos han discutido como y cuando America fue poblada. El punto de vista predominante al respecto plantea que los primeros paleoindios, poblacion amerindia ancestral, llego en una epoca pre-Clovis desde Asia y Beringia utilizando como ruta la costa pacifica del continente. En el presente trabajo se analizan mediante morfometria geometrica y tecnicas de ADNmt antiguo restos esqueletales de 9.000-4.000 anos a.p., excavados de sitios arqueologicos del Norte, Centro y Sur de Chile. Nuestros resultados muestran que el material craneano arcaico del suroeste de America exhibe un amplio rango de variacion de la forma de la boveda, la cual es independiente de la cronologia de los craneos. El analisis del ADNmt realizado en los mismos restos esqueletales revela la presencia solo de los cuatro haplogrupos fundadores (A, B, C y D) desde los 9.000 a.p. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de datos morfometricos y de mtDNA muestran que, considerando los rasgos analizados, las poblaciones humanas que habitaron America durante la epoca arcaica no constituyen dos grupos diferentes. Estos resultados son consistentes con los analisis de secuencias completas de DNA mitocondrial recientemente obtenidos.
Genetic Structure and Diversity Among Rabid and Nonrabid Raccoons

Abstract: Population genetics approaches are becoming widely used to assess the propagation potential of wildlife diseases. Such studies are often conducted on uninfected hosts because acute zoonotic diseases pose significant health risks to humans and infected hosts are thus more difficult to obtain. Predictions of disease spread potential assume that infected and uninfected individuals exhibit similar movement behaviours and genotypes. However, some diseases, such as rabies, might enhance individual's dispersal behaviour. Thus, if rabid animals are mostly long-distance migrants, prediction of rabies spread potential based on genetic analyses of uninfected animals might be misleading. Here, we genotyped 84 rabid and 113 nonrabid raccoons (Procyon lotor) to assess whether a difference in genetic structure pattern could be detected between these groups in a rabies epizootic area in southern Quebec, Canada. We also assessed whether genetic diversity differs among rabid and nonrabid raccoons by comparing expected heterozygosity, allelic richness, and inbreeding coefficient of the 2 groups. Finally, we tested for possible associations between rabies infection and microsatellite genotypes. We found no evidence of genetic structuring and no difference in genetic diversity among nonrabid and rabid raccoons. We also have limited evidence for a link between genotype and infection status. Our results thus suggest that the genetic structure of nonrabid raccoons is representative of that found in infected individuals and is thus effective to infer rabies propagation patterns in the wild.
Lead toxicity in plants

A contaminacao de solos por metais pesados e de ocorrencia generalizada como resultado das atividades humana, agricola e industrial. Entre os metais pesados, o chumbo (Pb) e um poluente potencial que, prontamente, se acumula nos solos e sedimentos. Apesar de nao ser um elemento essencial para as plantas, e facilmente absorvido e acumulado em diferentes partes delas. A absorcao de Pb e regulada pelo pH, tamanho de particulas e capacidade de troca de cations dos solos, assim como pela exsudacao e outros parâmetros fisicoquimicos. Excesso de Pb causa varios sintomas de toxicidade em plantas, por exemplo: reducao de crescimento, clorose e escurecimento do sistema radicular. Pb inibe a fotossintese, altera a nutricao mineral e o balanco hidrico, modifica o estado hormonal e afeta a estrutura e permeabilidade da membrana. Esta revisao aborda varios efeitos morfologicos, fisiologicos e bioquimicos da toxicidade de Pb e tambem as estrategias adotadas pelas plantas para a destoxificacao e o desenvolvimento de tolerância ao Pb. Mecanismos de destoxificacao ao Pb incluem o sequestro de Pb no vacuolo, sintese de fitoquelatinas e o acoplamento a glutationa e aminoacidos, etc. A tolerância ao Pb esta associada a capacidade das plantas a restringir o metal a parede celular, sintese de osmolitos, e ativacao do sistema antioxidante de defesa. Remediacao de solos contaminados com Pb usando as tecnologias de fitorremediacao e rizofiltracao parecem ter grande potencial para a limpeza de solos contaminados com esse metal pesado.
Soil Arthropod Response to Prairie Burning

Soil arthropod response to altered litter production in a Wisconsin prairie was examined after a long established biennial spring burning program was modified by substituting raking for burning in some experimental blocks, and substituting no disturbance for burning in others. Very few species were favored by increased surface litter in undisturbed blocks. After two biennial burnings or rakings, a drop in species numbers, density of individuals, and diversity of herbivore-decomposers occurred in undisturbed, and to a lesser extent, in raked blocks. Predatory soil arthropod species showed no response. These results suggest that soil detritus levels dropped slowly in response to decreased plant productivity in undisturbed blocks. The drop in soil arthropod community diversity which occurred in undisturbed blocks indicates a direct productivity-diversity relationship. Other field experiments show the same direct productivity-diversity relationship among consumers or terrestrial producers, but an inverse relationship among aquatic producers.
Sperm competition and sperm precedence in the dragonfly Nanophya pygmaea

Abstract. The libellulid dragonfly, Nanophya pygmaea Rambur, has an average ejaculate volume of 0.16 mm3. During successive copulations the volume of sperm stored in the female's sperm storage organs increases in steps equivalent to this volume, suggesting that the sperm competition mechanism in this species is sperm repositioning, i.e. adding an ejaculate to what is already present in the female's sperm storage organ. By using sterile/normal males in double matings with females we have shown that this mechanism results in last male sperm precedence (P2= 0.979).
EFFECTS OF A PROGRAM OF INTERVENTION ON PARENTAL DISTRESS FOLLOWING INFANT DEATH

A longitudinal study of 144 parents (65 fathers, 79 mothers) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a program of intervention in relieving the psychological distress of parents a ected by infant death. Participants were assessed in terms of their psychiatric disturbance, depression, anxiety, physical symptoms, dyadic adjustment, and coping strategies. The experimental group (n=84) was offered an intervention program comprising the use of specially designed resources and contact with a trained grief worker. A control group (n=60) was given routine community care. Parental reactions were assessed at four to six weeks postloss (prior to the implementation of the intervention program), at six months postloss, and at 15 months postloss. A series of multivariate analyses of variance revealed that the intervention was effective in reducing the distress of parents, particularly those assessed prior to the intervention as being at high-risk of developing mourning difficulties. Effects of the intervention were noted in terms of parents overall psychiatric disturbance, marital quality, and paternal coping strategies.
Antimicrobial combined action of terpenes against the food‐borne microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus

The aims of this work were to study the antimicrobial activity of nine monoterpenes and the synergistic or antagonistic associations between them, and to relate water solubility, H-bonding and pKa values with antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBCs) were determined. The MIC of carvacrol against S. aureus was 3.2 g/l and of thymol was 7.5 g/l. E. coli was resistant. Carvacrol and thymol were bactericidal. The associations geraniol/menthol against S. aureus and B. cereus and thymol/menthol against B. cereus were totally synergistic. Eugenol/geraniol displayed partial synergism against B. cereus. The other groups did not show any synergistic effect. Eugenol had the lowest pKa, followed by thymol and carvacrol. Eugenol had the highest total area and polar area and intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen-bonding capacity, while carvacrol and thymol only had intermolecular hydrogen-bonding capacity. The terpenes alone and in combination were effective against microorganisms. Phenolic compounds were the most active terpenes. Associations between terpenes were related to the chemical structure. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of associations of terpenes will advance the search for new alternatives for food preservation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.