Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: Diagnosis and Management

&NA; Acromioclavicular joint injuries represent nearly half of all athletic shoulder injuries, often resulting from a fall onto the tip of the shoulder with the arm in adduction. Stability of this joint depends on the integrity of the acromioclavicular ligaments and capsule as well as the coracoclavicular ligaments and the trapezius and deltoid muscles. Along with clinical examination for tenderness and instability, radiographic examination is critical in the evaluation of acromioclavicular joint injuries. Nonsurgical treatment is indicated for type I and II injuries; surgery is almost always recommended for type IV, V, and VI injuries. Management of type III injuries remains controversial, with nonsurgical treatment favored in most instances and reconstruction of the acromioclavicular joint reserved for symptomatic instability. Recommended techniques for stabilization in cases of acute and late symptomatic instability include screw fixation of the coracoid process to the clavicle, coracoacromial ligament transfer, and coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction. Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that anatomic acromioclavicular joint reconstruction is the most effective treatment for persistent instability.
A Generation Advantage for Multiplication Skill and Nonword Vocabulary Acquisition.

Abstract : The generation effect is extended to skill learning and the acquisition and long-term retention of facts stored in semantic memory. In two experiments subjects were trained in either a read or generate condition. In Experiment 1, subjects performed simple and difficult multiplication problems. A generation advantage occurred only for the difficult problems. In Experiment 2, subjects learned to associate nonword vocabulary terms with common English nouns. A generation advantage occurred, and in both conditions subjects using mnemonic strategies showed superior performance. The results are explained in terms of a procedural account of the generation advantage, and the implications of this research are discussed for instructional applications.
Nanophotonic waveguides in silicon-on-insulator fabricated with CMOS technology

High-index-contrast, wavelength-scale structures are key to ultracompact integration of photonic integrated circuits. The fabrication of these nanophotonic structures in silicon-on-insulator using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processing techniques, including deep ultraviolet lithography, was studied. It is concluded that this technology is capable of commercially manufacturing nanophotonic integrated circuits. The possibilities of photonic wires and photonic-crystal waveguides for photonic integration are compared. It is shown that, with similar fabrication techniques, photonic wires perform at least an order of magnitude better than photonic-crystal waveguides with respect to propagation losses. Measurements indicate propagation losses as low as 0.24 dB/mm for photonic wires but 7.5 dB/mm for photonic-crystal waveguides.
The Relationship between Parenting Styles and Adult Attachment Styles from Jordan University Students

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parenting styles and adult attachment styles. A random sample of (564) male and female students at the faculty of educational sciences was chosen selected. Two questionnaires on attachment styles and parenting styles were administered to the selected sample population during the academic year of 2012-2013. Results indicated significant positive correlations between the authoritative, negligent and authoritarian parenting styles and secure, anxious-ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles, and negative correlation between negligent and anxious-ambivalent, redundant protection and secure. Results also indicate that parenting styles explain attachment styles and patterning styles predict two sub-dimensions of attachment styles.
Wing Morphometry Helps Diagnose Cryptic Species and Resurrect Mindarus pinicolus (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

ABSTRACT Wing venation, two-dimensional and with easily recognized reference points at vein junctions, presents an opportunity for the development of automated insect identification. Using a suite of continuous characters, I investigated the use of wing morphometry for computerized insect identification of cryptic species of the aphid genus Mindarus. A priori groups were determined using cytochrome oxidase 1 DNA barcodes. Discriminant function analysis of 24 wing measurements consistently grouped individuals of unknown taxonomic affinity with the correct a priori groups. The results suggest that diagnostic signal is present in wing morphometry, but the signal is considerably stronger with the addition of morphometry from other aphid appendages, namely, 10 leg and antennal segments. Almost all Mindarus collected in eastern North America have been determined as the balsam twig aphid, Mindarus abietinus Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), but molecular diagnostics reveals that the Palearctic species is not present in the Western Hemisphere. Schizoneura pinicola Thomas has been considered a North American synonym of M. abietinus. Morphometric discriminant function analysis suggests that the Abies-feeding eastern North American population is M. pinicolus. The species is here reinstated with a new combination and redescribed.
Differing functional responses of simple and complex nuclear bodies in uterine luminal epithelial cells following estrogenic stimuli

A single injection of estradiol or the antiestrogen, nafoxidine, into immature female rats results in a striking divergence in the frequency of observation of nuclear bodies in uterine luminal epithelial cells (Padykula et al., 1981). During the 72 hour period after a single injection of nafoxidine (estrogen antagonist with agonist effects), progressive cellular hypertrophy occurs and is accompanied by a linear increase in the total number of nuclear body profiles (TNB). Conversely, the 72 hour period after a single injection of estradiol is marked by cellular catabolism and a linear decrease in TNB. Our recent demonstration that the population of nuclear bodies consists of two major structural types, simple nuclear bodies (SNB), and complex nuclear bodies (CNB) (Padykula and Pockwinse, pp. 119–130, this volume), permits separation and analysis of the original TNB data in terms of the functional responses of SNB or CNB.
Notes on Advection

where a(x, t) is some scalar quantity and u is the velocity at which it is advected (u > 0 advects to the right). The solution to Eq. 1 is to simply take the initial data, a(x, t = 0), and displace it to the right at a speed u. The shape of the initial data is preserved in the advection. Many hyperbolic systems of PDEs, e.g. the equations of hydrodynamics, can be written in a form that looks like a system of (nonlinear) advection equations, so the advection equation provides important insight into the methods used for these systems.
Vermittlung und Erhebung von mentalen Kausalmodellen komplexer dynamischer Systeme

Im Rahmen der Fruhjahrsschule des Zentrum Mensch-Maschine-Systeme wurde ein Workshop zu der Vermittlung und Erhebung von mentalen Kausalmodellen komplexer dynamischer Systeme durchgefuhrt. Ziel war es, Experten in interdisziplinaren Teams Losungsansatze anhand eines konkreten Untersuchungsszenarios generieren und diskutieren zu lassen. In dem vorliegenden Artikel wird zunachst das Konzept der Kausalmodelle vorgestellt, inklusive einer Theorie zum Erwerb derartigen Systemwissens. Im Anschluss wird das Untersuchungsszenario „Druckregelung einer Destillationskolonne“ erlautert. Zum Abschluss werden die Workshop-Ergebnisse dargestellt und hinsichtlich der weiteren Forschungsarbeiten diskutiert.
Orthopaedic Care of the Aging Athlete

Abstract Increasing numbers of middle‐aged and older adults participate in sports, and athletes wish to remain active as they age. Understanding the anatomic, physiologic, and psychosocial differences between older and younger athletes can help aging athletes maintain function. Athletic capacity may be sustained well into advanced age, and many of the physiologic consequences of aging may be mitigated or reversed by regular exercise. Most injuries in older athletes are chronic and overuse injuries that result in diminished flexibility and endurance. In addition, many aging athletes have medical and musculoskeletal problems that mandate tailoring athletic activity to the patient's general health and functional requirements.
Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors.

PURPOSE To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). PATIENTS AND METHODS We have treated a total of 34 patients with GTT and eight patients with metastatic PSTT with the EP/EMA chemotherapy schedule. RESULTS Twenty-two patients received EP/EMA because of apparent drug resistance to EMA/CO, and because the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was near normal, they were not assessable for response. Twenty-one of these patients (95%) are alive and in remission. In the group where the hCG was high enough to confirm a response (greater than one log fall in hCG) to EP/EMA, all 12 patients responded and nine of these patients (75%) are alive and in remission. We have treated three patients with PSTT where the interval from antecedent pregnancy was less than 2 years, and all patients (100%) are alive and in remission. We have treated five patients where the interval from antecedent pregnancy was greater than 2 years and one fifth (20%) remain in remission. The survival for patients with GTT is 30 (88%) out of 34 patients and four (50%) out of eight patients for PSTT, giving an overall survival for these two cohorts of 34 (81%) out of 42 patients. The toxicity of this schedule is significant, with grade 3 or 4 toxicity (National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria) recorded in hemoglobin (21%), WBC (68%), and platelets (40%). The role of surgery in this group of patients is important and contributed to sustained remission in five patients (23%) and possibly helped an additional seven patients (32%). CONCLUSION EP/EMA is an effective but moderately toxic regimen for patients with high-risk GTT who become refractory to or relapse from EMA/CO chemotherapy. Also, EP/EMA clearly has activity in patients with metastatic PSTT.
Incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension and prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy

ABSTRACT Aim: To determine the frequency and distribution of different types of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to assess the drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy. Method: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year in inpatients of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department at Bharati Hospital, Pune. Patients diagnosed as hypertensive disorder of pregnancy were taken for primary evaluation. The data regarding demographic details, presenting complaints, gestational age, obstetrics history, diagnosis, blood pressure monitoring, current medications, antihypertensive drugs prescribed were collected and the utilization of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy was evaluated. Result: A total of 1330 pregnant women visited the OBG department, out of which 104 patients were diagnosed with hypertension. The overall prevalence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was 7.8%. The mean maternal age was 23.8 years during the hospital admission. The prevalence of Preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and eclampsia were 5.6 %, 1.5%, 0.15 %, and 0.60 % respectively.
Adherence to Diabetes Medication in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Rates and Determinants of Adherence.

INTRODUCTION Despite the importance of medication adherence for the effective treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), little research has examined adherence with diabetes medication treatment in schizophrenia. The purpose of this systematic review was to: 1) evaluate rates of adherence and determinants of adherence with medication for T2DM in individuals with schizophrenia; and, where possible, 2) examine the relationship between medication adherence and glycemic control. METHODS Studies were included if they presented information on dosing regimens and adherence or compliance rates for T2DM and included samples where at least 50% of the participants were individuals with schizophrenia. RESULTS Six studies were included in this review that predominantly examined men over the age of 50 years. Studies confirmed that many individuals with schizophrenia were not adhering to their diabetes medication as adherence rates ranged from 51-85%. Two studies that compared medication adherence in individuals with and without schizophrenia found those with the mental illness had higher rates of adherence. One study reported that blood glucose control levels were not statistically different between those who did and did not adhere to their medication, indicating more research is necessary in this area. Factors that improved adherence included disease and medical service and medication-related factors. CONCLUSIONS Interventions to increase diabetes medication adherence in schizophrenia need to address disease and medical service and medication-related factors. Further research needs to examine diabetes medication adherence in women, younger individuals, and those recently diagnosed with diabetes as these individuals have been underrepresented in the literature.
Durable remissions from fludarabine followed by the iodine I-131 tositumomab Bexxar therapeutic regimen for patients with previously untreated follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

6518 Background: The sequential combination of chemotherapy and radioimmunotherapy offers a novel strategy for the initial management of NHL. Tositumomab and iodine I 131 tositumomab (Bexxar) have been demonstrated to have substantial clinical activity in both untreated and relapsed/refractory low-grade NHL. Fludarabine synergizes in vitro with unlabeled and radiolabeled antibodies and can be employed as a "debulking" agent prior to radioimmunotherapy. METHODS Patients with previously untreated, advanced low-grade NHL were treated with IV fludarabine 25 mg/m2/day for 5 days, every 5 wks for 3 cycles followed in 6 to 8 wks by Bexxar therapy. RESULTS Between August 1998 and June 1999, 38 pts (51% follicular mixed, 49% follicular small cleaved) were enrolled and 97% had stage III/IV disease. Thirty-five subjects received both fludarabine and Bexxar therapy. Three patients came off study before or during fludarabine therapy (one due to cytopenias, 2 unrelated to toxicity or lymphoma progression). Response to fludarabine (n=35) was 89% (3 CR, 28 PR). Following Bexxar therapy, 35 of 35 subjects (100%) had a response including 83% CR. With a median follow-up of 4.4 years, median progression-free survival has not been reached, and 72% of pts achieving a CR remain in CR. Among 35 evaluable pts, grade 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia were noted in 34%, 29%, and 3% of pts, respectively. Sixteen (46%) pts received growth factor or transfusion support. There were no serious infections. Four (12%) pts developed elevated TSH and 2 (6%) pts developed HAMA. No pts have developed MDS/AML. CONCLUSIONS Fludarabine followed by Bexxar therapy appears to be a highly effective and well tolerated regimen for the initial therapy of advanced follicular NHL, producing long-term durable complete remissions in the majority of patients. [Table: see text].
Direct Resonant Control Strategy for Torque Ripple Mitigation of DFIG Connected to DC Link through Diode Rectifier on Stator

This paper presents a torque ripple mitigation method for the doubly-fed Induction generator (DFIG) connected to the dc link through a diode rectifier on the stator winding. A resonant regulator based on torque compensator is directly added to the conventional rotor current control loop, and the sequential separations and calculations of rotor harmonic current references can be avoided. Then, a novel stator flux orientation method is achieved by indirectly controlling the q-axis stator flux linkage to be zero without calculating the stator flux linkage angle. The stator frequency is controlled by regulating the stator flux without calculating the stator frequency. Based on a mathematical model of the DFIG control system, the effects on system stability using the resonant controller, analysis of the steady-state error, and the dynamic performance are discussed. Finally, the proposed control method is validated by the experiment results.
Revised genetic linkage map of Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus subtilis is the most widely studied and thoroughly mapped gram-positive microorganism. Two of the driving forces behind the study of the genetics of B. subtilis are the quest to understand the simple differentiation cycle of sporulation and germination that this organism undergoes and the basis for copious enzyme excretion in sporulating organisms. The study of these processes has resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of knowledge of the physiology and genetics of postexponential bacteria. This is reflected in the abundance of loci that have to do with either this phase of the bacterial life cycle or sporulation and germination. In the several years that have passed since the last compilation of a genetic map for this organism (110, 111) there have been substantial additions to the genetic map. Some 140 loci have been added, making a total of about 500 loci. In addition, there has been refinement of the map in several areas. This has resulted not only from the continuation of classical genetic studies that use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-mediated transformation and tranduction, but also from studies of the molecular cloning of genes of interest in this organism. Several libraries ofB. subtilis DNA have been constructed in bacteriophage X (68) and cosmid (14) and other vectors (131, 243), and these libraries have been a rich source of fragments of the chromosome carrying genes of interest. There have been two important advances in the ways of identifying mutations. The first is the use of integrational vectors carrying cloned B. subtilis DNA (69). These can integrate into the chromosome at the region of homology by Campbell-like mechanism and in so doing place a drug-resistant determinant on the chromosome next to the cloned region. The second is the use of the transposon Tn917, which places a drug resistance marker within mutations it causes. There is now a substantial collection of Tn9J7 insertions generated primarily by Youngman, Losick, and colleagues (331). None of these insertions have been included in the present map, primarily because we did not want to deal with problems of nomenclature for such insertions at this time. Any future revision of the map will have to take them into account. It seems likely that the density of genetic markers on the map as we presently know it will double or triple because of the increase in transposon mutants as well as the identification of new open reading frames from cloned DNA fragments.
AAAI Presidential Panel on Long-Term AI Futures: Interim Report from the Panel Chairs

The AAAI Presidential Panel on Long-Term AI Futures was convened by the president of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) in 2008 to bring together a group of thoughtful computer scientists to explore and reflect about societal aspects of advances in machine intelligence (computational procedures for automated sensing, learning, reasoning, and decision making). The panelists are leading AI researchers, well known for their significant contributions to AI theory and practice. Although the final report of the panel has not yet been issued, we provide background and high-level summarization of several findings in this interim report.
The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway.

The discovery that mammalian cells generate nitric oxide, a gas previously considered to be merely an atmospheric pollutant, is providing important information about many biologic processes. Nitric oxide is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by a family of enzymes, the nitric oxide synthases, through a hitherto unrecognized metabolic route -- namely, the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway1–8. The synthesis of nitric oxide by vascular endothelium is responsible for the vasodilator tone that is essential for the regulation of blood pressure. In the central nervous system nitric oxide is a neurotransmitter that underpins several functions, including the formation of memory.
Mahalanobis distance and maximum likelihood based classification for identifying tobacco in Pakistan

Classifying cash crops through satellite based remote sensing has proved to be effective for reliable ground based agricultural statistics. In this study, frequently used simple and fast classification algorithms i.e., Mahalanobis Distance and Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) are compared for classifying tobacco crops by the end of June in north-western Pakistan. High Geometric Resolution imagery of SPOT-5 (2.5m) is used as the base image for comparison over a large pilot region. Our results indicate that MLC is more accurate than its simple form Mahalanobis distance with overall accuracy of 93.91% and kappa coefficient of 0.9181. Though it is visually seen that MLC has over-estimated tobacco crops in the unclassified region but this effect is mitigated with the help of two additional classes namely `interfering separation' and `interfering settlements'. It is recommended to use and compare MLC for future detection of tobacco crops in north-western Pakistan.
Using logic models to predict the detection behavior of statistical timing defects

In this paper, we study the possibility of using logic defect-level prediction models to predict the detection behavior of statistical timing defects. We compare two known logic models: the Williams-Brown (WB) model and the Mercer-Park-GrimailaDworak (MPGD) model. In the WB-model, the defect coverage is replaced by the n-detection transition fault coverage. We first demonstrate that both logic models may fail to predict the detection of statistical timing defects. Then, we propose an improved WB model based upon selection of the hard-to-detect transition faults. We show that, by selecting a proper subset of the hard-to-detect transition faults, the detection behavior of these faults can correlate well to the detection behavior of statistical timing defects. We explain our findings through statistical delay defect injection and simulation, and report results based upon various benchmark circuits.
Power and Area Optimization for Run-Time Reconfiguration System On Programmable Chip Based on Magnetic Random Access Memory

In recent years, magnetic random access memory (MRAM) based run-time system on programmable chip (SOPC) has been proposed as a solution to the critical drawbacks of current field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), such as long (re)boot latency, high standby power, and limits for run time reconfiguration. However, the integration of MRAM in FPGA circuits brings its own problems, including large die area and high dynamic power for the switching circuit. In this paper, we present some solutions to overcome the power and area constraints and thereby improve the performance of MRAM based SOPC. We have done simulations and calculations based on the STMicroelectronics 90 nm design kit and a complete magnetic tunnel junction model.