Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conservation Genetics of the Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus in Poland — Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA in Remnant and Extinct Populations

Abstract. Human-induced changes in the natural environment impact upon a wide variety of genetic processes at all levels of population structure. Insight into these processes is now achieved by analyses of genetic diversity allowing the past and present condition of populations to be assessed and compared. Given its severe fragmentation and small size, the population of the Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus in Poland can be regarded as especially prone to gene-pool alteration. Moreover, this is a region of Europe in which different genetic lineages of the Capercaillie may be present, ensuring that certain conservation decisions may be even more difficult than they otherwise would be. Bearing the above in mind, we decided to study polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA Control Region (mtDNA CR) in remnant and extinct populations of the Capercaillie in Poland. The extinct population was represented by samples from birds hunted in the Lower Silesian Forest (SW Poland) between 1951–1962. We compared sequences obtained with data from the large, continuous population present in Russia and Scandinavia. Analysing 331 bp of mtDNA CR for 168 individuals, we identified 24 haplotypes, among which only 6 had not been reported previously in the species according to GenBank. Our data confirmed a previous suggestion regarding the genetic structure of the species in Poland, i.e. that birds from Augustów Forest (NE Poland) are related to Russian and Scandinavian populations, constituting a part of the lowland group within the boreal lineage. The Carpathian population is in turn confirmed as an independent genetic group within the boreal lineage, while specimens from the Solska Forest (SE Poland) prove to be highly differentiated from birds in other Polish populations; most likely because they derive from — or have been connected via gene flow with — birds present in the Balkans. Further genetic analysis is necessary to resolve this evolutionary relationship between Capercaillies from south-eastern Poland and those of the Balkans. Where practice is concerned, the overall advice is that three Conservation Units are to be recognised in Poland. In addition to those, the extinct population from the Lower Silesian Forest has been deemed part of the lowland group within the boreal lineage, albeit a distinctive one, given the possibility of gene exchange with Carpathian birds. We further suggest that some aspect of this extinct population's genetic diversity reflects an uncontrolled process of reintroduction taking place in the past.
Hyporheic Exchange Under Undular Flows Over a Coarse Granular Bed

Undular flows over riffles (standing waves with underlying open‐channel flows) facilitate a quality environmental setting for riverine habitats. Understanding their link with hyporheic exchange flow (HEF) is important from eco‐hydro‐geomorphic perspectives. We conduct refractive index‐matched scanning experiments to resolve the exchange between surface and subsurface flows across a coarse granular bed. We show that the HEF includes wave pumping (WP) and grain‐scale pumping (GP) components. Mechanistically, the dynamic pressure gradient best explains the HEF on both wave and grain scales. However, due to the underlying open‐channel flow, the result exhibits a phase lag compared to the theoretical WP, suggesting a necessary shift from the existing water surface‐based model to a pressure gradient‐based approach. Quantitatively, with the present experimental setting, the GP flux is 1 order of magnitude smaller than the WP flux. The relative significance of WP to GP is further increased at higher discharges, indicating potential utility of WP in habitat vitalization.
Genomic Characterization of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in Vietnamese Native Pigs

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) represent genomic fossils of past retroviral infections so that they inform us on the diversity and history of retroviruses that have infected a species lineage. However, with regard to porcine ERV (PERV), there have been a few studies examined copy number variation in PERVs, suggesting that wild boars and miniature pigs might contain fewer copies of PERV than those of Western breeds. Therefore, we aimed to broaden our knowledge of PERVs in the genome of native pigs in Vietnam – expected to be one of pig domestication centres. Genomic DNA of 15 Vietnamese native pigs (VnP) were collected from 12 regions all over the country. We investigated genetic polymorphisms in all known PERVs including beta (1-4) and gamma (1-5) groups of retroviruses and compared them with PERVs of Western breeds (Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc). Haplotype analysis based on the polymorphisms elucidated that 1,2, 3 and 4 retroviruses were highly polymorphic and several haplotypes were specific to VnP, while 4, 1 and 2 genes did not show any genetic polymorphisms. We then applied a real-time PCR based method to estimate copy number variation of gag, pol and env genes in infectious gamma-1 retrovirus (PERV-A, B and C) normalized by -actin gene. Consequently, almost all VnP breeds contained as half (<20) copies of PERV genes as western pig breeds did (>40 copies). However, two VnP breeds showed relatively higher copy number of PERV genes compared to the other VnP. The results of this study imply that VnP had unique genetic background through the different domestication process from that of western breeds in terms of genetic polymorphisms and copy number variations in retroviruses
Cell biological studies of C. elegans seipin in heterologous model systems

Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved organelles for energy storage in cells. It contains a core of neutral lipids, i.e. triacylglycerols and sterol esters, surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. Dysregulation of lipid storage in LDs leads to metabolic diseases in human, such as congenital generalized lipodystrophy, which is caused by mutations in the Seipin gene. Seipin homologs have been identified in S. cerevisiae, C. elegans and other mammals. It has a conserved central domain, with a loop connecting two transmembrane helices. The Nand Ctermini of the Seipin protein are divergent in different species. Previous studies found that human Seipin localizes to the ER, whereas our lab found that worm Seipin forms tubular cage structures that surround enlarged LDs in C. elegans. Differential targeting of worm and human Seipin raises an intriguing question: what are the factors in worm Seipin that contribute to its localization to tubular cages? To address this question, I made constructs expressing a series of human-worm chimeric Seipin and transfected them into COS7 cells. My results identified a region in worm Seipin that is necessary but not sufficient for its proper targeting. Thus, additional factors are involved in the targeting of worm Seipin. Moreover, worm Seipin was targeted to a subset of LDs when it was expressed in COS7 cells, suggesting a conserved mechanism for its proper targeting. To identify proteins that may function in recruiting Seipin to peri-LD cages, I established stable COS7 cell lines that constitutively express Venus-tagged worm Seipin. Additionally, expressing worm Seipin in yeast SEI1Δ strain partially rescued its mutant phenotype, indicating that worm Seipin shares, in part, conserved functions with human Seipin.
Quantum Permutations and Quantum Reflections

The permutation group $S_N$ has a free analogue $S_N^+$, which is non-classical and infinite at $N\geq4$. We review here the known basic facts on $S_N^+$, with emphasis on algebraic and probabilistic aspects. We discuss as well the structure of the closed subgroups $G\subset S_N^+$, with particular attention to the quantum reflection groups.
Signalling pathways regulating expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human malignant astrocytomas

Signalling Pathways Regulatinp Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Malignant Astrocytomas Stacy Ann Woods Master of Science, 200 1 Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is an endothelial ceIl specific angiogenic cytokine secreted by most solid tumours. including human astrocytomas. VEGF expression is rlevated in sstablishrd astrocytoma cel! lines under normoxia and undergoes a marked hypoxic induction. Prior studies have shown that the oncoprotein RAS regulates expression of VEGF. where inhibition of RAS activity decreases VEGF levels. RAS effector pathways that may be involved in this regulation include the P13' Kinase pathway and the MEK 1.2-ERK I l 2 pathway. In this study pharmacological inhibitors were used to determine the role of these pathways in reguiating VEGF expression. Results from two astrocytoma ce11 lines suggests the PI3' Kinase parhway is involved in maintaining normoxic levels of VEGF. and regulates the hypoxic induction. while the MEKI/Z-ERKIiZ pathway is only involved in non-hypoxic regulation. \ third ce11 line didn't rely on either pathway for maintaining VEGF expression. suggesting an alternate pathway. or aberrant signalling at work.
Exposure Level of Neonicotinoid Insecticides in the Food Chain and the Evaluation of Their Human Health Impact and Environmental Risk: An Overview

Neonicotinoid insecticides (neonics) were the most rapidly growing class of insecticides over the past few decades, and are used mainly for vegetables, fruits, and grains. Although neonics exhibit lower toxicity in mammals and humans compared to traditional insecticides, increasing numbers of studies are demonstrating that neonics may accumulate in the food chain and environmental media. Long-term exposure to neonics may raise potential risks to animals and even to humans. The present report reviews the development, application, and prohibition of neonics in the farmland ecosystem, and summarizes the exposure level and harmful effects of these insecticides in the food chain. In addition, the present review analyzes and summarizes the evaluation of the human health impact and environmental risk of the neonics, and overviews the unresolved problems and future research directions in this field. The aim of the present report was to review the exposure level, potential toxicity, human health impact, and environmental risk assessment of neonics in various media in order to provide reliable technical support for strengthening the environmental and food safety supervision and green pesticide designing.
An ecological approach to understanding gut microbiota and macrobiota interactions

Despite a plethora of research on the positive and negative impacts of gut microbiota (community of micro-organisms) and macrobiota (parasitic helminths), as yet there is little focus on how these two sympatric and ubiquitous communities interact. Given that there are increasing evolutionary pressures imposed on microbiota and macrobiota, which have currently unknown system-wide implications, e.g., antibiotic and anthelmintic treatment, it is timely to investigate microbiota-macrobiota interactions. This thesis uses an ecological approach to understand microbiota-macrobiota interactions in a wild rodent system. First, a review of animal gut microbiota literature established the current research landscape of this topic, which highlighted the lack of studies on wild animals, despite the advantages that these animals can provide, e.g., as model systems (Chapter 2). In addition, perturbation field experiments were used to tease apart microbiota-macrobiota interactions in a wild rodent. The impact of helminth removal (using anthelmintic) on microbiota was investigated, which revealed that, with the exception of faecal microbiota composition, gut bacterial communities remained stable following anthelmintic treatment (Chapter 3). Following perturbation of the microbiota (using antibiotic), both fecundity and size of helminths increased (Chapter 4). Helminths were found to be associated with a microbiota that exhibits interspecific variation as well as intraspecific variation, which was driven by gut location of helminths, although composition of helminth microbiota also significantly differed to that of the gut (Chapter 5). Finally, the effect of faecal microbiota on helminth development was tested; egg hatching was less successful in host faeces, compared to faeces from another individual, indicating that faecal microbiota may have some resistance to helminth development (Chapter 6). This thesis highlights the importance of considering systemwide implications of a treatment or perturbation, particularly on gut microbiota-macrobiota interactions.
A concept analysis of recovery for schizophrenia

Summary: The purpose of this study was to clarify the concept of recovery for schizophrenia. As a result of search based on the data collection method, 103 documents were extracted. Extracted five categories of attributes, three antecedent, one consequences. References: • Anthony, W. A. (1993). Recovery from mental illness: the guiding vision of the mental health service system in the 1990s. Psychosocial rehabilitation journal, 16(4), 11. • Harrison, V. (1984). A biologist’s view of pain, suffering and marginal life. The depraved, the disabled and the fullness of life. Delaware: Michael Glazier. • Law, H. , & Morrison, A. P. (2014). Recovery in psychosis: a Delphi study with experts by experience. Schizophrenia bulletin, 40(6), 1347-1355. • Nowak, I. , Waszkiewicz, J., Świtaj, P., Sokół-Szawłowska, M. , & Anczewska, M. (2017). A qualitative study of the subjective appraisal of recovery among people with lived experience of schizophrenia in Poland. Psychiatric Quarterly, 88(3), 435-446. • Rodgers, B. L. (2000). Concept analysis: an evolutionary view. Concept Development in Nursing: Foundations, Techniques, and Applications, (pp. 77-102). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders. • Shinkai, T. & sumitomo, U. (2018). Review of The Literature about The Concept of “Recovery” for Person with Mental Disabilities. Journal of the Fukuoka Prefectural University, 26(2), 71-85. First Primary Presenting Author Primary Presenting Author Yuka Sato, MSN, RN Doctoral program in Nursing Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Student Amakubo Tsukuba Japan Author Summary: I am a nurse and I have the experience of teaching at a nursing university. I am specializing in the education of nursing students. Among them, specializes in basic nursing education and psychiatric nursing. Second Secondary Presenting Author Corresponding Secondary Presenting Author Tomokazu Sugaya, PhD, RN Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry Nursing department RN Kasama Japan Author Summary: I worked in psychiatry and child and adolescent psychiatry unit for 5 years as a nurse in Japan. I studied psychiatry nursing at University of Tsukuba Graduate School Comprehensive Human Sciences Doctoral Master Program in Nursing, and now I am assistant professor in University of Tsukuba. Third Secondary Presenting Author Corresponding Secondary Presenting Author Chizuru Mori, PhD, RN University of Tsukuba Faculty of Medicine Professor Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Japan Author Summary: Study on psychiatric rehabilitation nursing. Product program to improve meta-cognitive function by intervine the reality monitoring in people with schizophrenia. Study on forensic mental health nursing. Study on nursing for the patient with substance related disorders. Study on nursing care for drug and addiction. Study on association between drinking action of patients and consciousness of children.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID IN REDUCING POSTOPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS IN CEMENTLESS TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

Several techniques are available to minimize the likelihood of allogenic blood transfusion following the hip arthroplasty including intra-operative red cell salvage local anaesthesia, controlled hypotension and use of antifibrinolytics like tranexamic acid . The double blinded, placebo control hospital based interventional study was conducted on 60 patients by dividing them randomly in control and study group(TA), 30 patients in each group to study the effects of 1000 mg single dose of intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss in cementless total hip arthroplasty using American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grading system. We included in our study all patients less than 60 year of age except 2 patients. 30 patients were less than 40 year and 30 patients were greater than 40 years. The difference between the control group and the tranexamic acid group was significant (P value 40 years (P value >.05) in TA group.
Awareness on Commonly used Sedatives Hypnotic in Dental Practices among Dental Students

Fear or anxiety towards dental procedures can discourage patients from getting dental treatment done. The management of anxious patients undergoing dental treatment is still a challenge in clinical practices. The increased use of sedative and hypnotics in dental practices appears to indicate that the assessment of dental student’s awareness of it, is essential. This survey is carried out to determine the awareness of sedatives and hypnotics used in dental practices among dental students. A questionnaire-based survey study was conducted among 100 undergraduate students at Saveetha Dental College and hospital. The study revealed 94% of the students are aware of the commonly used sedatives and hypnotics in dental practices.
Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja UKM di pasar internasional

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are currently important players in international trade. Commitment from business actors and wider networks are required to not only penetrate the international market but also to survive and compete at the national and international levels. This study aims to analyze entrepreneurial orientation, network capabilities, and innovation on the performance of SMEs in the international market. This study used a survey method by giving questionnaires and interviews to 75 manufacturing SMEs in the district and city of Madiun. The results of this study indicate that all entrepreneurial orientation variables, network capability, and innovation have positive and significant effects on the performance of SMEs in the international market. This study contributes to the internationalization of SME's literature by analyzing the influence of entrepreneurship orientation, networking capabilities, and innovation on SME performance in international markets, especially for manufacturing companies.
Irrigation investigations in Otago, New Zealand

Abstract Terrace soils of the Lower Waitaki Plains have a high volume of stones, ranging from 17.5% to 61.2% by volume over the 0.24 in. depth. Although these soils are silt loarns, with a high percentage of organic carbon, the moisture-holding capacity is considerably reduced by the volume of stones. The average available moisture for the 0–12 in. depth is 1.95 in. , considerably lower than that of similar soil groups studied in this series of investigations. Soils of the downlands are stone-free and have an average available moisture of 2.81 in. for the 0–12 in. depth. Some of the soils studied have low macroporosity values in the depths below 4 in. Any tendency for the macroporosity to decrease after irrigation could result in increased drainage problems.
Mechanically reconfigurable array with pattern and polarization diversity

A 2 × 2 array with reconfigurable pattern and polarization is presented. The element of the array is a circularly polarized (CP) antenna, which is mainly composed of a monopole slot, a dipole, and a cylindrical copper tube. By manually moving the dipole arms, the element can be operated at right‐handed and left‐handed circular polarization states; besides, each CP element can be electrically rotated with a servo motor, whereby the phase of its radiated fields is varied with rotation angle. Based on such a mechanically reconfigurable element, the resultant array at each CP state can be operated in different radiation modes, including broadside mode, conical mode, and steerable beam mode. In addition, the array operated in the broadside mode can also provide a linearly polarized radiation with 360° polarization scanning. Simulations for typical radiation modes of the proposed array are performed, and they are validated with experiments.
Studies on Some Viral Diseases of Sweet Potato in Egypt

Generally Viral diseases are considered to be one of the most important problems affecting sweet potato. In general surveyed on sweet potatoes plants in three different locations in 17 fields in Egypt was in average 1.8 to 34.5% at 19216 samples. The most expressed symptoms were mosaic; yellowing and leaf curl with mosaic.We isolated two isolates of SPFMV from two different locations first isolate was SPFMV-Gh from Gharbia and the other isolate was SPFMV-Ka from Kalyoubia governorates. The two isolates were isolates on indicator hosts I.nil and I.setosa and the two indicators showed symptoms mild mosaic and vein clearing and insurance by ELISA. Obtained result indicated that, SPFMV was inoculated mechanically with difficult to test plants when infectious sap was prepared under cool condition.Myzus. persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae were able to transmit SPFMV. Virus diagnosis demonstrated that SPFMV host range was limited to Convolvulacae. ISEM examination of negatively stained partially purified preparations of the virus revealed the presence of flexuous particles ranging from 800-850 nm in diameter.The RT-PCR technique was used to confirm the identification of SPFMV
Biochemical activities of lactose-derived prebiotics — a review

In the dairy industry different types of prebiotics, such galacto-oligosaccharide, lactulose, lactosucrose, tagatose, lactitol, lactobiono- and glucono-δ-lactone are synthesized through different chemical and biochemical reactions (hydrolysis, transgalactosylation, isomerization, fructosyl-transfer, reduction, and oxidation) as well as microbial fermentation processes using raw whey or isolated lactose as feedstock. Lactose-derived prebiotics have several functional and nutritional values. The biochemical activities of lactose-based prebiotics are expressed in the presence of probiotics (lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, Bacillus spp.). Galacto-oligosaccharide and lactosucrose reduce the risk of bowel disorder (diarrhea), inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease), and colon cancer. Galacto-oligosaccharide helps colonic absorption of minerals (iron, magnesium and calcium) and prevents osteoporosis. Lactulose, galacto-oligosaccharide, and lactitol promote laxative activity. Furthermore.