Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous learning techniques during the COVID 19 Pandemic

This study aims to summarize the capabilities available in learning techniques that can be used in managing the educational process in all academic disciplines during the Corona pandemic (Covid 19). In this research, the blackboard system and the Moodle system were chosen to highlight the capabilities available in it through three axes: Teaching strategies Used in the administration and delivery of the course, and the evaluation methods that are used to evaluate the performance of students in the course, and the last axis is to ensure the quality of the educational process by following up the educational process from the concerned administration. The study relied on the exploratory descriptive approach to identify the types of teaching strategies used and classify them according to their support for the majors, as well as the methods of evaluation of students ’performance in the course according to the scientific specializations by examining many types of research to sort and classify teaching strategies and evaluation methods for scientific specialties according to the opinions of the studies that have been relied upon. The study revealed that there are about 28 teaching styles that can be used in the four main practical disciplines, which are arts and humanities, education in the medical field, science and engineering, and social sciences. The study also showed the mechanism of implementing these methods through the tools available on the Blackboard Learning Management System and the Moodle Learning Management System.
Risk of Increased Acceptance for Organizational Nepotism and Cronyism during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nepotism and cronyism are forms of favoritism towards certain people in the workplace. For this reason, they constitute a problem for organization managers, ethicists and psychologists. Identifying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the increase of nepotism and cronyism may provide a basis for organizations to assess their extent and to take possible measures to prevent their negative effects. At the same time, the research presented in the article may provide a basis for further research work related to nepotism and cronyism at the times of other threats, different from the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growing acceptance for nepotism and cronyism in Polish enterprises. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been included in the conducted research. Qualitative study aimed at improving knowledge of nepotism and cronyism and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these phenomena, followed by a quantitative study conducted in order to verify the information obtained in the qualitative study. This research has demonstrated that Nepotism and cronyism in the workplace, are phenomenon that are basically evaluated negatively. They adversely influences social and economic development, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nepotism and cronyism is not significant.
Interspecific and intraspecific size and shape variation in skull of two closely related species Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) and Bufo verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) from Turkey

: Anurans are the most suitable vertebrate group to see the development and also evolution in the skull, compared to other terrestrial vertebrates as they show highly derived morphology. For this reason, the cranium of anurans has been widely used for analyzing e.g., development and integration, evolutionary history, phylogenetic relationships, sexual dimorphism; and for taxon determination. We applied geometric morphometric techniques and then multivariate statistical analyses to see the skull size and shape variations in closely related Bufo species ( B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus ) inhabiting Turkey. Females have larger skull than males for both species. Ventral skull size of males differed between species and within species (among populations) whereas dorsal skulls differed only among populations. In females, only size of ventral skull side differs only among populations. Dorsal skull shape differs between the species in male individuals, while in females both dorsal and ventral skulls show a significant variation among populations. Bufo bufo had larger squamousal than B. verrucosissimus , whereas B. verrucosissimus had longer maxilla but shorter occipital region than B. bufo for both males and females. Under the control of size, the shape of skull does not differ between species for both males and females. Due to structural and functional constraints because of having similar biological and physical properties of skeletal and muscle tissues, living in similar environments or shared evolutionary history, the size and shape of skulls are found to be similar between B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus in present study. However, in order to better reveal the skull variations between these two closely related species, more detailed studies with more samples on their morphology and ecology are required.
Improvement of bond strength between ZnO nanorods and carbon fibers using magnetron sputtered ZnO films as the interphase

Grafting different kinds of nanomaterials on the surface of carbon fibers has been a feasible strategy for fabricating novel advanced materials. However, the bond strength between the nanomaterials and carbon fibers is a major challenge that limits the final properties of the materials. In this study, ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized in an aqueous solution over ZnO films, which were deposited using a radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique. The experimental conditions for the magnetron sputtering process were designed based on an orthogonal test, and the ZnO islands exhibited different shapes and sizes under different deposition conditions. ZnO NRs, which were synthesized on all ZnO films, present the same hexagonal prism shape. In addition, TEM images show that ZnO NRs, ZnO films, and graphite structure of carbon fiber present a lattice matching that makes it possible to achieve an ultra-high bond strength of ZnO NRs. The results obtained for interfacial shear strength show that the bond strength of ZnO NRs is strongest when deposition time, substrate temperature, pressure ratio of Ar and O2, and power are 60 min, 200 °C, 0.15, and 200 W, respectively. We demonstrate that the higher crystallinity and uniformity of ZnO films result in a better bond strength of ZnO NRs.
The Regime-Switching Behaviour of Exchange Rates and Frontier Stock Market Prices in Sub-Saharan Africa

Frontier markets have become increasingly investible, providing diversification opportunities; however, there is very little research (with conflicting results) on the relationship between Foreign Exchange (FX) and frontier stock markets. Understanding this relationship is important for both international investor and policymakers. The Markov-switching Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) model is used to examine the relationship between FX and frontier stock markets. There are two distinct regimes in both the frontier stock market and the FX market: a low-volatility and a high-volatility regime. In contrast with emerging markets characterised by “high volatility/low return”, frontier stock markets provide high (positive) returns in the high-volatility regime. The high-volatility regime is less persistent than the low-volatility regime, contrary to conventional wisdom. The Markov Switching VAR model indicates that the relationship between the FX market and the stock market is regime-dependent. Changes in the stock market have a significant impact on the FX market during both normal (calm) and crisis (turbulent) periods. However, the reverse effect is weak or nonexistent. The stock-oriented model is the prevalent model for Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Irrespective of the regime, there is no relationship between the stock market and the FX market in Cote d’Ivoire. Our results are robust in model selection and degree of comovement.
Zur Wirkung erhöhter atmosphärischer CO2 -Konzentrationen auf Wintergerste, Zuckerrübe und Winterweizen in einer Fruchtfolge : Beispiele aus dem Braunschweiger Kohlenstoffprojekt

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on barley, sugar beet and wheat in a rotation: examples from the Braunschweig carbon project Apart from changes in temperature and precipitation patterns ‘climate change’ is driven by and entails marked changes in atmospheric chemistry. The future increase of the atmospheric CO2-concentration is the most prominent and undisputable change of the atmosphere. Elevated CO2 (e[CO2]) is known to stimulate leaf level photosynthesis and to reduce leaf transpiration. This may result in altered biomass production of agricultural plants and subsequent secondary feedback effects on ecosystem properties, as for example, water relations, carbon (C) turnover and soil biology. In the framework of the Braunschweig Carbon Project effects of e[CO2] under different levels of nitrogen (N) supply are studied in an arable crop rotation system (winter barley sugar beet winter wheat, 1999-2005) under field conditions by means of a Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) approach. Preliminary results obtained during the first 3 years of experimentation are shown here. Canopy CO2 uptake was stimulated by e[CO2] by ca. 18 % (barley) to ca. 45 % (sugar beet), while canopy H2O loss (evapotranspiration) was reduced by 2.6 % (wheat) to 19.8 % (sugar beet). The effects of e[CO2] resulted in a stimulation of above ground biomass production between ca. + 6.1 % (sugar beet, reduced N fertilization) to + 14.4 % (winter wheat, full fertilization). Fine root biomass production was stimulated by e[CO2] but this effect was not consistent during the growing sea­ sons. While no significant effects of e[CO2] on soil micro­ bial biomass were observed, a CO2-induced shift in the ratio of bacterial to fungal soil respiration was observed indicating an increase of the percentage bacterial respira­ tion. Species number and abundances of collembolans were enhanced by e[CO2] during the wheat growing sea­ son. Total soil CO2 efflux (soil respiration) was stimulat­ ed under e[CO2], however the magnitude of this effect dif­ fered between sugar beet and wheat. As evidenced from stable carbon 13 isotope analysis changes in soil carbon content were not yet detected.
Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the growth and on photochemical efficiency in plants of Handroanthus heptaphyllus

Abstract Handroanthus heptaphyllus is a tree species with wood of high economic value, used in the manufacture of furniture and civil construction. When grown in soils with low availability of natural nitrogen (N), it demonstrates low growth potential. Thus, the study aimed to define the growth and physiological responses in H. heptaphyllus plants subjeted to N fertilization after planting. Five rates of N (0, 45, 90, 180 and 270 kg N ha−1) were tested at three vegetative phases of the plants (6, 12 and 18 months after planting). At each age, the height, stem diameter, concentration of N and photosynthetic pigments in leaves, chlorophyll a fluorescence and total N content in soil and tissue were determined. The addition of N increased total N content in the soil and the leaves, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, the use of light energy and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, resulting in greater plant growth. In the period between the 6th and the 18th month after planting, the plants showed an increase of 135 cm in height. The concentrations of N and photosynthetic pigments in the leaves decreased over time, because of the effect of dilution and remobilization of N. The use of 260.0 kg N ha−1 kg divided in 35% of the dose added in small holes in the soil at planting; 32.5% three months after the first application; and the remainder in the sixth month after planting increased growth in height and stem diameter at 18 months after planting.
Association Between Anthropometric Measurements and the Amount of Fat Aspirated in Waist and Abdominal Liposuction: A 20-year Retrospective Study

Background: Previous studies revealed that larger liposuction volumes were related to an increased risk of complications. However, no concrete data exist to support the most critical factor which affects the liposuction volume in the waist and abdominal area. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and lipoaspirate volume.Methods: The present study was a single-center retrospective study. 742 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in our hospital, from January 2001 to August 2020, were reviewed. Spearman correlation analyses and multivariable regressions were used to assess the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and lipoaspirate volume. Linear-by-linear association chi-square statistic and Goodman-Kruskal gamma method were used to test the consistency and to develop a rank prediction formula.Results: A total of 742 patients aged 18-59 years old met the inclusion criteria. Among all the anthropometric measurements, the highest correlation coefficient was observed in waist circumference. Subgroup analyses indicated that there was an interaction between the BMI and waist circumference on liposuction volume. Formula was generated to estimate the range of liposuction volume based on the nine grouped waist circumferences [liposuction volume (mean) = 106.3 waist circumference (mean) - 7497, P < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.9638]. Conclusions: Waist circumference was the most influential factor for lipoaspirate volume. Roughly predicting the lipoaspirate volume allows surgeons to estimate their operating volume even if no iconography machine is available during suction-assisted lipectomy. This can increase safety, potentially decreasing the number of adverse events.
Building administrative capacity for development: limits and prospects

There is an established cross-disciplinary intellectual tradition of studying state capacity, especially in political science and political sociology (Cingolani, 2013, 2018). The concept has recently shifted more toward the administrative dimension of state capacity, that is, administrative capacity, which is being widely used in public administration and policy studies (El-Taliawi and Van der Wal, 2019). The practical significance of this capacity is highlighted in terms of its necessity for economic performance, industrial growth, policy implementation, and overall national development (Cingolani, 2013; El-Taliawi and Van der Wal, 2019). In this age of globalization, administrative capacity needs to be expanded to deal with the worldwide context of intensive competition, complexity, and uncertainty (Farazmand, 2009), and to effectively address financial crises, security threats,
Single-Shot Frequency-Diverse Near-Field Imaging Using High-Scanning-Rate Leaky-Wave Antenna

A frequency-diverse imaging system is proposed based on high-scanning-rate leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) that can provide image reconstruction across narrow bandwidths. Analytical, simulation, and experimental results are provided to characterize and demonstrate the performance of the system. The core of the approach relies on a high-scanning-rate LWA, and in this work, we propose a prototype design that can scan 70° within 500 MHz (corresponding to a scanning rate of 140°/GHz from 10 to 10.5 GHz), providing more independent measurements for the system than conventional approaches. In addition, compressive sensing with a wavelet transform is utilized to reduce the required frequency measurements across the frequency band to only 21. It is demonstrated that the proposed system can reconstruct scatterer’s width and thickness within an error of 3 mm (about 1/10 wavelength at 10 GHz) using only 21 measurements across a 500-MHz bandwidth within 10–10.5 GHz. It is also able to estimate the distance between two objects when their edge-to-edge separation is greater than 5 mm.
Return Anomalies in the Kuwaiti Stock Market

This paper intends to investigate the existence of daily return anomalies and the weekend effect within Boursa Kuwait, Kuwait’s stock exchange. Kuwait as an economy has continued to be opened up to foreign investment and as foreign funds being to flood into the market; return anomalies akin to those within international markets begin to materialize, bringing new opportunities for abnormal returns and arbitrage. The premise of this paper is the existence of the January effect and the Weekend effect, and uses econometric methods in support of their existence, bringing into question the challenges to market efficiency and the changing landscape for investors and their strategies. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee SSBFNET, Istanbul, Turkey. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
3D Printable Ceramic–Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible High‐Performance Li‐Ion Batteries with Enhanced Thermal Stability

This study establishes an approach to 3D print Li‐ion battery electrolytes with controlled porosity using a dry phase inversion method. This ink formulation utilizes poly(vinyldene fluoride) in a mixture of N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (good solvent) and glycerol (weak nonsolvent) to generate porosity during a simple drying step. When a nanosized Al2O3 filler is included in the ink, uniform sub‐micrometer pore formation is attained. In other words, no additional processing steps such as coagulation baths, stretching, or etching are required for full functionality of the electrolyte, which makes it a viable candidate to enable completely additively manufactured Li‐ion batteries. Compared to commercial polyolefin separators, these electrolytes demonstrate comparable high rate electrochemical performance (e.g., 5 C), but possess better wetting characteristics and enhanced thermal stability. Additionally, this dry phase inversion method can be extended to printable composite electrodes, yielding enhanced flexibility and electrochemical performance over electrodes prepared with only good solvent. Finally, sequentially printing this electrolyte ink over a composite electrode via a direct write extrusion technique has been demonstrated while maintaining expected functionality in both layers. These ink formulations are an enabling step toward completely printed batteries and can allow direct integration of a flexible power source in restricted device areas or on nonplanar surfaces.
Advertising through UAVs: Optimized path system for delivering smart real‐estate advertisement materials

Real‐estate advertisements through electronic and print media are bringing considerable fortune to the global real‐estate sector. However, innovative advertisement methods must be adopted if real estate aims to transform into smart real estate. The current study, which is based on a systematic literature review of 58 articles published in the last decade, identifies key media for real‐estate advertisements as print media (e.g., magazines, brochures, newspapers, and digests), electronic media (e.g., websites, social media, and other digital tools), and mixed methods (e.g., billboards, signs and banners, and personalized messaging). This study takes the case of Kingsford suburb in the eastern Sydney area, and investigates the performance of the Australian real‐estate industry in general and lists the key dynamics of properties in Kingsford and its prominent real‐estate agencies. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐based smart real‐estate advertisement material delivery system is proposed to deliver advertisement materials and gifts to the potential customers of these agencies. The system paths are optimized through four Java‐run algorithms: greedy, interroute, intraroute, and Tabu. Results based on six cases, three each for rent and sales with varying numbers of customers and UAVs and an 8‐h operating time, indicate that the Tabu algorithm provides the best‐optimized paths in all cases, followed by the interroute, intraroute, and greedy algorithms. However, the inter‐ and intraroute algorithms show superior performance in terms of computation speed. The proposed framework is a practical approach in disrupting the real‐estate advertising sector, thereby helping this sector transform into a smart real estate consistent with industry 4.0 goals.
Effect of Piper nigrum (Linn.) seeds extract and second line anti-tuberculosis drugs on a few Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains

G. V. Zodape* Department of Zoology, S.S. & L.S. Patkar College of Arts and Science & V.P. Varde College of Commerce and Economics, S.V. Road, Goregaon (West), Mumbai-400062 (Maharashtra), India S. N. Dharmashale B.J. Govt. Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune411001 (Maharashtra), India V. S. Gaikwad Department of Zoology, S.S. & L.S. Patkar College of Arts and Science & V.P. Varde College of Commerce and Economics, S.V. Road, Goregaon (West), Mumbai-400062 (Maharashtra), India
Ultrafast Protein Hydration Dynamics and Water-Protein Interactions

ii Dedication . iv Acknowledgments. v Vita . vii List of Tables . xii List of Figures . xiv Chapter 1 : Introduction . 1 Chapter 2 : Methodologies . 8 2.
Coping with the worst of both worlds: Phenotypic adjustments for cold acclimatization benefit northward migration and arrival in the cold in an Arctic‐breeding songbird

Handling Editor: Steven Portugal Abstract 1. Cold acclimatization (phenotypic adjustments to cope with cold conditions) is an imperative requirement for birds living at high latitudes during the cold depths of winter. Despite the significant remodelling of key phenotypic traits and energetic costs associated with elevating cold endurance, winter cold acclimatization can also provide further carryover benefits to subsequent stages in species wintering, migrating and breeding in cold environments (e.g. the Arctic). 2. We tested this beneficial carryover hypothesis using outdoor captive Arcticbreeding snow buntings Plectrophenax nivalis, a cold specialist known for its impressive wintering thermogenic capabilities. We compared changes in phenotypic traits supporting cold acclimatization— body composition (body, fat, lean mass, pectoral muscle thickness), oxygen carrying capacity (haematocrit), thermogenic capacity and endurance (Msum, time to Msum), cold tolerance (Ta at Msum) and maintenance energy expenditure (BMR)— between the wintering, migratory and arrival/summer stages. 3. Body mass (+31%), fat mass (+226%) and BMR (+13%) increased relative to the winter phenotype, likely to support the added costs of migration— that is the migratory upregulation hypothesis. In contrast, lean mass, pectoral muscle thickness, haematocrit and thermogenic capacity remained high and stable at winter level across stages in support of the thermal carryover hypothesis. The maintenance of these traits likely offers spare capacity for unpredictable cold environments expected during migration and breeding in the Arctic. 4. Our results thus suggest that birds can extend the longterm advantages of winter phenotypic adjustments through additional benefits to thermogenic capacity during subsequent lifehistory stages. These benefits likely make it possible for Arcticbreeding birds to maximize success across diverse lifehistory stages in the face of extreme cold conditions.