Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
21.8 A 128×2 CMOS Single-Photon Streak Camera with Timing-Preserving Latchless Pipeline Readout

Emerging imaging techniques in physics, molecular biology, and medical science are placing growing pressure on optical sensor technology. In particular, time-resolved imaging and other highprecision solutions are demanding picosecond timing accuracies and high sensitivities [1]. Recently, the introduction of monolithic CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) has enabled this level of performance at a fraction of the cost [2]. This trend has accelerated with the emergence of increasingly larger arrays of SPADs. In [3] a hybrid approach was adopted; by means of an ad hoc 3D technology, silicon SPAD arrays are connected to banks of counters implemented in CMOS. In [4] a monolithic CMOS SPAD array was proposed with random-access, pixel readout. This approach, though simple and highly timing-accurate, is limited in that only one pixel can be accessed at any time. Lately, an event-driven readout mechanism was proposed. In this approach, a pixel uses the column as a bus to transmit photon detection timing and pixel-specific ID. The bandwidth of the bus limits however the saturation performance of this method [5].
Detecting Fatigue Driving Through PERCLOS: A Review

In this paper, we present a literature survey about drowsy driving detection using PERCLOS metric that determines the percentage of eye closure. This metric determines that an eye is closed if the percentage of eye closure is 80% or above. When this percentage is observed for multiple frames of a video camera feed, the driver is determined to be in an unsafe fatigue status. In our research, we found that the PERCLOS metric had a 0.79 to 0.87 correlation coefficient value which exceeds the 0.7 R value needed to be considered a strong correlation coefficient. A higher value than 0.7 indicates a more linear relationship which means that the metric is dependable [1].
The MOSAiC ice floe: sediment-laden survivor from the Siberian shelf

Abstract. In September 2019, the research icebreaker Polarstern started the largest multidisciplinary Arctic expedition to date, the MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) drift experiment. Being moored to an ice floe for a whole year, thus including the winter season, the declared goal of the expedition is to better understand and quantify relevant processes within the atmosphere–ice–ocean system that impact the sea ice mass and energy budget, ultimately leading to much improved climate models. Satellite observations, atmospheric reanalysis data, and readings from a nearby meteorological station indicate that the interplay of high ice export in late winter and exceptionally high air temperatures resulted in the longest ice-free summer period since reliable instrumental records began. We show, using a Lagrangian tracking tool and a thermodynamic sea ice model, that the MOSAiC floe carrying the Central Observatory (CO) formed in a polynya event north of the New Siberian Islands at the beginning of December 2018. The results further indicate that sea ice in the vicinity of the CO (<40 km distance) was younger and 36 % thinner than the surrounding ice with potential consequences for ice dynamics and momentum and heat transfer between ocean and atmosphere. Sea ice surveys carried out on various reference floes in autumn 2019 verify this gradient in ice thickness, and sediments discovered in ice cores (so-called dirty sea ice) around the CO confirm contact with shallow waters in an early phase of growth, consistent with the tracking analysis. Since less and less ice from the Siberian shelves survives its first summer (Krumpen et al., 2019), the MOSAiC experiment provides the unique opportunity to study the role of sea ice as a transport medium for gases, macronutrients, iron, organic matter, sediments and pollutants from shelf areas to the central Arctic Ocean and beyond. Compared to data for the past 26 years, the sea ice encountered at the end of September 2019 can already be classified as exceptionally thin, and further predicted changes towards a seasonally ice-free ocean will likely cut off the long-range transport of ice-rafted materials by the Transpolar Drift in the future. A reduced long-range transport of sea ice would have strong implications for the redistribution of biogeochemical matter in the central Arctic Ocean, with consequences for the balance of climate-relevant trace gases, primary production and biodiversity in the Arctic Ocean.
CATEGORIES OF DISCOURSE MARKERS USED IN GICHUKA SPEECH

Discourse markers are linguistic items that are frequently used in the course of daily communication. These are not only connecting words that contribute to cohesion of discourse but are also crucial tools for achieving intended communicative purposes in the course of discourse. Studies have been carried out on discourse markers as used in other languages of the world but since every linguistic variety is unique and culture dependent, it is not obvious that these linguistic items are similar in all languages. The goal of this article is to provide an analysis of Gichuka discourse markers. The objective is to categorize discourse markers in Gichuka speeches. The article is guided by the Relevance Theory by Sperber and Wilson. It utilizes qualitative research technique and it was carried out in Chuka, Meru South Sub County, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya. The population includes all discourse markers captured in social events conducted in Gichuka. Five real life events conducted in Gichuka were purposively sampled. Data was collected using an observation schedule that was used to record the contextual information, and a guiding card was used to record the types of discourse markers realized. The transcribed discourse markers were ninety-two. Guided by the principles of relevance, ninety-two discourse markers used in Gichuka speeches were identified and classified. It was established that Gichuka has a number of discourse markers and the most commonly used types of these discourse markers are topic markers and message related markers. The findings enhances the analysis of Gichuka discourse markers and adds to the existing knowledge on the analysis of discourse markers in various languages. It specifically enriches knowledge on the application of the tenets of the Relevance Theory.
Essential Role of Community to Supporting Sustainable Tourism in Baluran National Park

The participation of the surrounding community is essential to support tourism in the area. The research gap in this article is how the local community in the Baluran National Park buffer village pioneers and manages sustainable tourism. The management that is carried out is still on a small scale and is limited to renting shelters. This condition is because there is no support from the local government. Interview techniques are used to explore data on community participation in pioneering and managing infrastructure facilities before and after government intervention. The results show that the community is independently able to develop their tourism activities based on feedback from visitors. The role of the government that provides support in the form of assistance can improve necessary management capabilities.
Compact Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications with Improved Impedance Bandwidth and Axial Ratio

This paper presents a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna for WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) application with improved impedance bandwidth and axial ratio compared to the existing designs. The antenna is designed at a resonant frequency of 3.56GHz on the FR4 substrate with 2mm thickness. The dimensions of the antenna are 0.35λo×0.35 λo×0. 023λo and it is fed through a probe feed. An impedance bandwidth of 360MHz (10.11%) in the frequency range of 3.44GHz−3.8GHz, with a gain of 3.16dBi, axial ratio bandwidth of 1.9% (3.56GHz−3.63GHz) and VSWR<2 are obtained.
Improving firefly-based multi-objective optimization based on attraction law and crowding distance

Multi-objective optimization problems are so designed that they simultaneously minimize several objectives functions (which are sometimes contradictory). In most cases, the objectives are in conflict with each other such that optimization of one objective does not lead to the optimization of another ones. Therefore, we should achieve a certain balance of goals to solve these problems, which usually requires the application of an intelligent method. In this regard, use of meta-heuristic algorithms will be associated with resolved problems. In this paper, we propose a new multi-objective firefly optimization method which is designed based on the law of attraction and crowding distance. The proposed methods efficiency has been evaluated by three valid test functions containing convex, nonconvex and multi discontinuous convex Pareto fronts. Simulation results confirm the significant accuracy of proposed method in defining the Pareto front for all three test functions. In addition, the simulation results indicates that proposed algorithm has higher accuracy and greater convergence speed, compared to other well known multi-objective algorithms such as non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, Bees algorithm, Differential Evolution algorithm and Strong Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm.
Relationship of serum S1P and HC-II levels with vasoactive substances and cytokines in patients with cerebral vascular restenosis after stent implantation

Cerebral infarction is a clinical common cerebrovascular disease, endovascular stent implantation has become a reliable treatment for patients with cerebral arterial stenosis, but cerebrovascular in-stent restenosis (ISR) directly affects the treatment effect and threatens patients’ life safety[1,2]. The pathogenesis of ISR is not clear, and more scholars believe that it is closely related to excessive proliferation of endothelial cells, inflammation, etc. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and heparin cofactor II (HCII) are the newly discovered factors that are closely associated with the ISR, S1P has endothelial protective effect, and HCII has anticoagulant activity, and they are considered as "anti-ISR factors" by many scholars[3,4]. At present, there is no clear theoretical support about the correlation of S1P and HCII with the occurrence and development of ISR. In the following study, the relationship of serum S1P and HC-II levels with vasoactive substances and cytokines in patients with cerebral vascular restenosis after stent implantation was analyzed.
Investors’ reaction to litigation announcements by Capital Markets Board of Turkey

IV ÖZET . VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . VII TABLE OF CONTENTS . VIII LIST OF TABLES . X LIST OF FIGURES . XI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . 5 2.1 Securities Enforcement Literature . 5 2.2 Manipulation Theory Literature . 10 2.3 Parametric Event Study Literature . 17 CHAPTER 3: SAMPLING STRATEGY AND METHOD . 21 3.1 Sampling Strategy . 21 3.1. 1 The Sample of Turkish Stock Market Litigation Announcements . 21 3.1. 2 Sample Summary . 23 3.1. 3 Returns Data. 26 3.2 Method . 26 3.2.1 Event Study . 26 3.2.2 Abnormal Returns . 26 3.2.3 Tests . 28 CHAPTER 4: TESTABLE HYPOTHESES . 32 4.1 Main Hypothesis . 32 4.2 Hypothesis 2 . 33 4.3 Hypothesis 3 . 33
European Journal of Special Education Research-ISSN 2501-2428

The article presents a correlative model based on the Piagetian phenomena and student with special educational needs. Approaches are indicated allowing the mental age to be defined by applying Jean Piaget’s experiments, as well as doing it vice versa – defining the stage as per Jean Piaget in determining the IQ of the individual. The proposed model allows the general education teacher and also the individual progress development team in school, to get easily oriented on the capabilities of the student with special educational needs and prepare individual programs adequate to the student’s development.
The Study of a Risk Assessment System based on PageRank

In recent years, network technology has developed rapidly. However, the Internet has been subject to a variety of attacks. Several notable attack events have been reported, such as those involving the use of flooding flows on widely used message boards, installation of malware in an automated teller machine to steal more than 80 million, and use of WannaCry to encrypt users’ files and request for ransoms. The majority of the attacks cannot be defended using single methods. Network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) and host-based IDSs (HIDSs) can determine whether a system has been attacked. A NIDS alone cannot detect web-based attacks or system vulnerabilities. Thus, this paper proposes a risk assessment system (RAS) that integrates a NIDS and HIDS to detect suspicious behaviors and assess the risk value of Internet protocols (IPs). The RAS focuses on the analysis of attack or suspicious behaviors using the NIDS and HIDS. Furthermore, the system quantizes the influence of attackers in suspicious events by using PageRank. Finally, the RAS derives the risk value of every IP to warn users of an attack and protect hosts or devices from the attacks.
International Scientific Colloquium

This presentation is devoted to simulation of slab heating in the longitudinal magnetic field. There were many studies of this technology in the past, but they were mainly related to heating materials with linear properties. One of the problems in slab heating simulation is a 3D character of the electromagnetic (EM) and thermal (T) processes. New program ELTA 6.0 has an option of 2D FDM simulation of EM and T processes in combination with semianalytical account for the finite length of the system. Presentation contains a short survey of history and state-of-art of slab heating. New simulation procedure and a study of the edge effect variation during high temperature heating of the magnetic slab are presented. Example of simulation for multi-stage heating of big steel slab illustrates the theoretical considerations.
Effects of Indigenous Spore-Forming Probiotic as Feed Supplement on Performance and Safety in Broilers

Probiotics (useful microorganisms) are colonized in intestine of animal and birds and provide useful effects on performance and immune of the animals. This study describes a high throughput screening and characterization of spore-forming bacteria from Iranian poultry farms with the aim to identify potential probiotic native Bacillus spp . and determine its effects on growth performance, hemato-biochemical parameters, immunity, intestinal microflora, morphology and MUC2 gene expression of broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old female Ross 308 broilers (42.6 ± 0.6 g) were used in a 6-wk study. Broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments consisting of 4 replicate cages with 25 broilers each: 1- Control (Corn-soy-based diet: C), 2- C + 200 g/ton of the GalliPro® ( Bacillus subtilis DSM 17299, 4×10 9 CFU/g, as positive control group: PC), 3- C + 200 g/ton of the native probiotic ( B. tequilensis K03, 4×10 9 CFU/g: NP) identified in this study. During the experiment parameters were measured weekly. The results revealed that dietary supplemented with NP and PC improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and increased body weight (BW), carcass and breast meat yield compared with C (P < 0.05). Also, lymphocytes level, antibody titers against Newcastle diseases virus (NDV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of vaccinated birds was increased, while serum triglycerides, total cholesterol levels and abdominal fat of birds fed NP and PC were decreased in compare to the C (P < 0.05). The villus height, the relative expression of MUC2 gene and Bacillus spp . populations were increased, while E. coli was significantly decreased in the ileum content of treated groups (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the identified native B.tequilensis K03 strain can improve immunity and broiler performance by modifying intestinal microflora and morphology. Studied native probiotic Bacillus tequilensis K03 has useful effects on health status as a result it can be used as poultry feed supplement.
Evaluation of a Dutch Wind Farm: Lessons for National Onshore Wind Policies

In this paper we present a rich framework for project evaluation that offers explanatory power for understanding our case study, Wind Farm Houten (WFH), and contributes to the academic knowledge base on social acceptance. In our research, community acceptance, one of the dimensions of social acceptance is central and discussed with the socio-political and market acceptance dimensions. Our data sources and methods included reconstructing, in depth, the planning and development phase of WFH using archived documentation and stakeholder interviews; four surveys to analyze the attitude and motivations of residents; and analyzing the WFH’s operational data to determine the impact of and compliance with a tailored noise regulation. Our evaluation shows Houten community acceptance is low. It also shows the turbine operators need to improve their compliance with regulations and that the municipality needs a better system to deal with complaints. These findings resulted in the Town Council directing the responsible Alderman to work with the Board, the wind farm operator, and the residents to “regain the trust of the residents. ” At the time of writing this paper, the negotiations to rebuild this trust are ongoing.
T stage prediction of colorectal tumor based on multiparametric functional images

Background Recent studies have shown radiomics parameters of functional imaging have predictive values in many diseases. This study was to investigate the value of radiomics parameters of both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting T stage of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Imaging findings of CT and MRI (both cT1-W and T2-W) and clinical information were collected from 29 patients. A total of 330 radiomics parameters were computed from manually annotated medical images, and a lasso regression model with 10-fold cross validation was employed to predict the T stage with radiomics parameters. Results The lasso regression model showed good performance with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. A total of three parameters from MRI were used in this model, while no CT findings were included in this model. The 3 selected parameters were from first-order parameters’ group, which include energy and totalenergy from both cT1-W and T2-W. These parameters indicate the magnitude of pixels in the medical images. Conclusions This study indicates that some radiomics parameters of functional images have predictive values in T staging of CRC. Also, MRI may be more valuable than CT based on the image findings with lasso regression.
Characterisation of reinforcement fabrics by fractal dimension

During lamination of fibre-reinforced polymer matrix composites, there is a potential risk that the operator may use fabric from the wrong roll. This could severely change the desired mechanical properties of the component. This paper presents a novel system that might be implemented within a quality system to ensure use of the correct fabric. Three carbon fibre reinforcement fabrics (300 gsm plain weave, 320 gsm single-tow twill and 375 gsm double-two twill) were characterised. Images were acquired using a high-resolution scanner , converted into binary, then analysed using ImageJ/Fraclac software. The slope of the Richardson Plot is the Fractal Dimension (FD). The three fabrics each had a distinct FD value, in the undeformed condition and when sheared up to 30° (the locking angle).
LESSONS FROM FAILURE ERP IMPLEMENTATIONS

Organizations need IT capability for improving their productivity. While the cost of using IT technologies is very high, the rate of IT project failure is notable as well. Organizations attempt to find solutions for decreasing the IT project cost as well as increasing chance of IT project success. This paper empirically investigates the reasons for a failed implementation of an ERP system in a company which was a member of a large holding. More importantly, the failed ERP implementation occurred after four successful experiences. By making group decision for using one ERP software and training internal implementation team, the implementation cost reduced significantly in the first four projects. Our analysis illustrates that the failed ERP implementation was due to the lack of attention to the companies-specific IT strategy. In this study, nine failure factors were identified where the lack of top management support was the most critical one. Lack of top management support was due to the reason that they believed the selected software was not suitable. The other failure factors were lack of: communication, change management strategy, explicit strategy for business process re-engineering and customization, powerful team and project management, qualified consultant, capable key user, and relevant training material.
Leveraging Fingers for Natural Interaction with Direct-Touch Surfaces

Current surface technique typically only uses the x-y coordinates. However, when fingers contact a touch-sensitive surface, they usually approach at an angle and cover a relatively large 2D area. In this dissertation, we explore and identified several useful properties such as contact area, contact shape and contact orientation which can be exploited to improve the performance of natural interaction. In addition, we specifically explore the role of finger orientation and present a simple algorithm that unambiguously detects the directed finger orientation vector in real-time from contact information only. Based on the experimental results, we present several concrete recommendations which are useful for the research community, and demonstrate how finger orientation can be leveraged to enable novel interactions and to infer higher-level information such as hand occlusion or user position. Finally, we present a set of natural orientation-aware interaction techniques and widgets for direct-touch surfaces.
Comparative Analysis of Three Internal Fixation Methods for Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in the Elder

As the average life span of the Chinese prolongs, the number of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur in elderly patients has increased all the time, and gradually becomes a more common type of fracture in elderly patients. From January 2011 to December 2016, 137 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated with 3 mehhods, including locking plate, proximal femoral nail (PFNA) and artificial femoral head replacement. The mean age was 79.16±3.45 years. The mean follow-up time was 17.20±1.30 months. The operative time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative complications, and Harris score of the hip joint at 1 month and 1 year after surgery were compared among the three groups. Statistical analysis by SPSS 22.0 software showed that the operation time of group C was the shortest, followed by group B and group A. The difference was statistically significant (p 0.05); There was no significant difference in bleeding volume between the three groups (p>0.05). Group A had the lowest complication rate, followed by group C and group B. But there was no significant difference between the three groups (X2=0.0618, p>0.05). All the patients were cured and discharged after active symptomatic treatment. Among the patients, the mean Harris score of group A was 38.52±6.51 at 1-month follow up postoperatively; the mean Harris score of group B was 44.28±5.97 at 1-month follow up postoperatively; the mean Harris score of group C was 70.59±6.99 at 1-month follow up postoperatively, the C group was the best and the B group was the second. There was a significant difference between the three groups (p 0.05). During the follow-up period, there was no loosening or breakage in the internal fixation, and the fracture healed well. This study concluded that locking plate, PFNA or artificial femoral head replacement can achieve satisfactory clinical results in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures, but artificial femoral head replacement can achieve early functional recovery, more conducive to elderly patients.