Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homogenous Dual-Processor core with Shared L1 Cache for Mobile Multimedia SoC

We propose a novel dual-processor core which adopts a shared L1 cache with active way scheme. In this scheme, each WAY of cache is owned by specific processor and replace operation is only happened to its own WAYs. This architecture only requires dual port TAG, and no dual port DATA memory to realize simultaneous access from both processors, and can guarantee no cache thrashing and no snoop overhead. And also by sharing cache memory and cache controller, power dissipation is 23% smaller in case of heavy load and area is 29 % smaller than dual processor core with snoop cache.
The Financial Structure of Italian Start-Ups, in Good and Bad Times

We analyse the financing sources of over 360,000 Italian start-ups registered between 2003 and 2010. The data show that, before the Global Financial Crisis, 50 per cent of start-ups borrowed from banks when they were one year old, and that bank loans covered 16 per cent of total assets on average. In the post-crisis period we find that the frequency of borrowing by one-year-old start-ups declines by 5 percentage points, and the difference does not disappear as firms become older. We also document that the post-crisis decline in borrowing from banks is more marked than that observed for older firms, controlling for business characteristics.
Ribosomal frameshifting efficiency and gag/gag-pol ratio are critical for yeast M1 double-stranded RNA virus propagation

About 1.9% of ribosomes translating the gag open reading frame of the yeast L-A double-stranded RNA virus positive strand undergo a -1 frameshift and continue translating in the pol open reading frame to make a 170-kDa gag-pol fusion protein. The importance of frameshifting efficiency for viral propagation was tested in a system where the M1 (killer toxin-encoding) satellite RNA is supported by a full-length L-A cDNA clone. Either increasing or decreasing the frameshift efficiency more than twofold by alterations in the slippery site disrupted viral propagation. A threefold increase caused by a chromosomal mutation, hsh1 (high shifter), had the same effect. Substituting a +1 ribosomal frameshift site from Ty1 with the correct efficiency also allowed support of M1 propagation. The normal -1 frameshift efficiency is similar to the observed molar ratio in viral particles of the 170-kDa gag-pol protein to the 70-kDa gag gene product, the major coat protein. The results are interpreted in terms of a packaging model for L-A.
Numerical simulation of hemodynamics in the ascending aorta induced by different aortic cannulas

Abstract There is still a lack of quantitative information concerning optimal blood flow in the aorta and in the carotid arteries during extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Problems are not only based on the location of the aortic cannula, they are furthermore associated with the cannula design itself and the effects on blood cells and aortic wall shear stresses. We simulated a two-phase fluid flow induced by different cannulas in the ascending aorta during ECC. Three commercially available cannulas were examined according to their influence on red blood cells (RBC). Additionally, mass flow in the carotid vessels and wall shear stresses acting on the aortic wall were evaluated. A constant volume flow of blood (3.4 L/min) was applied. Numerical results demonstrate a strong relation between the mass flow rate in the carotid vessels and the geometry of the aortic outflow cannula. RBC distributions both in the aorta and the carotid vessels changed depending on cannula geometry. Maximum blood velocities, shear stresses on the aortic wall, and the fluid mechanical load acting on RBCs varied depending on each cannula design. This numerical approach demonstrates the significant influence of the cannula design on the distribution of RBCs in the carotid vessels during ECC.
Biomass loss reduces growth and resource translocation in giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera

The biomass dynamics of primary producers have important implications for the structure and function of ecosystems. Along the wave-swept coastline of central California, USA, biomass removal by wave action is a key driver in the primary productivity of giant kelp forests, yet the mechanisms of regrowth within giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera are not well understood. To examine the physiological consequences of biomass loss on Macrocystis, a manipulative experiment was used to simulate biomass removal by wave action. Growth rates were measured as the number of new fronds produced through time, and the δ13C and δ15N values of juvenile fronds were used as a proxy for carbon and nitrogen translocation in support of growth. The experimental removal of biomass significantly constrained the growth of new fronds and, under extreme levels, led to mortality. The growth rate and isotopic composition of juvenile fronds on sporophytes with a portion of canopy biomass intact recovered to pre-disturbance values within 4 mo. In contrast, a reduction in growth rates as well as a permanent depletion in δ13C and δ15N values was observed when the canopy was completely removed and the magnitude scaled with biomass loss. These results suggest that the translocation of carbon and nitrogen to juvenile fronds from nearsurface biomass is a critical process affecting growth in giant kelp. The spatial variability and physiological consequences of biomass loss among individuals may therefore play an important role in the biomass dynamics of giant kelp forests across multiple temporal and spatial scales.
The frequency of reactions to sunscreens: results of a longitudinal population‐based study on the regular use of sunscreens in Australia

Six‐hundred‐and‐three people aged 40 or more years, from Maryborough in central Victoria, were enrolled in a randomized longitudinal study, which required daily application of either a SPF 15+. broad‐spectrum, water‐resistant sunscreen cream or the cream base without the active ingredients. The study duration was 7 months, from September 1991 until April 1992.
Social capital in World of Warcraft guilds: Construction and evaluation of a path model

The aim of the present study was to find underlying factors of social capital acquisition in online gaming communities (guilds). 391 players of World of Warcraft were asked about their playing habits, their behavior towards fellow players and the bridging and bonding social capital they received by playing. Path analysis revealed five underlying factors of social capital formation in guilds. Our results confirm and enhance previous findings that playing online games is connected with positive social outcomes, when players go beyond the game and engage in game-related social groups: Joining a guild, being involved in its management and participating in offline events fosters communication with fellow players, enhances the willingness for self-disclosure and thereby increases the chances of gathering social capital.
Dynamics of the transition from osteoblast to osteocyte

Osteocytes are derived from osteoblasts and make up over 90% of the cells in bone. However, the mechanisms that control the differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes embedded in bone matrix are not well understood. With the recent developments of transgenic models for manipulating gene expression in osteocytes and of transgenic mice carrying lineage reporters for osteoblasts and osteocytes, unprecedented new insights are becoming possible. In this article we review recent advances, such as comparative gene and protein expression studies, that are delineating the changes in gene and protein expression that accompany osteocyte differentiation. We also review recent studies in which time‐lapse dynamic imaging approaches have been used to visualize osteoblast and osteocyte populations within bone. These approaches reveal the key role of cell motility in bone cell function and highlight the dynamic nature of mineralized tissues. Changes in motile properties of the cell may be key in the transition from osteoblast to osteocyte, as reflected in the altered expression of many molecules involved in cytoskeletal function.
Régression, prédiction et discrétisation des processus à temps continu

Cette these porte sur l'etude des estimateurs a noyau de la fonction de regression, pour des processus melangeants a temps continu. Dans le premier chapitre, quelques rappels sont donnes. Le deuxieme chapitre est compose d'outils indispensables a l'etude des convergences des estimateurs. Le troisieme chapitre est consacre a la construction et l'etude des estimateurs. La convergence presque sure de l'estimateur est obtenue sous des hypotheses usuelles. Ensuite, sous des hypotheses d'independance asymptotique (forte melangeance), des vitesses optimales de convergence en moyenne quadratique sont obtenues (meme vitesse de convergence et constante que dans le cas de l'echantillon). Sous des hypotheses locales les vitesses deviennent superoptimales, c'est a dire meilleures que celles atteintes dans le cas de l'echantillon. Ces hypotheses sont verifiees pour des processus a trajectoires suffisamment irregulieres. Ces resultats mettent en evidence la difference fondamentale entre temps discret et temps continu. L'irregularite des trajectoires est une information additionnelle que l'on ne possede pas dans le cas discret. Puis, nous obtenons la normalite asymptotique de l'estimateur. Pour certains processus, nous construisons des intervalles de confiance. La fin de ce chapitre concerne l'application de ces differents resultats a la prediction non parametrique. Dans le quatrieme chapitre, nous envisageons l'estimation de la fonction de regression a partir d'observations discretisees ou les instants d'observations peuvent etre deterministes ou aleatoires. Nous supposons, que les instants d'observations sont suffisamment distants. Nous obtenons la meme vitesse de convergence en moyenne quadratique que dans le cas de l'echantillon. Dans le cas ou une vitesse superoptimale est atteinte cette discretisation n'est pas satisfaisante. Pour remedier a ce probleme, dans le chapitre 5, nous utilisons une discretisation plus fine que la precedente. Dans ce cas, nous montrons que la vitesse superoptimale est atteinte. Dans le chapitre 6, nous donnons quelques resultats de simulation
The Binding of Synovial Tissue‐Derived Human Monoclonal Immunoglobulin M Rheumatoid Factor to Immunoglobulin G Preparations of Differing Galactose Content

There are several sites on IgG Fc that have been reported to be the epitopes for binding rheumatoid factors (RF). It is now established that there are alterations in the oligosaccharides on IgG from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and it has been suggested that these changes may enhance immune complex and cryoglobulin formation.
Spokes-Characters in Print Advertising: An Update and Extension

Abstract From Mr. Peanut to the GEICO gecko, spokes-characters have been a consistently used promotional tool across time; previous research demonstrates that between the 1950s and 1990s, spokes-character use remained stable at 7% of all print ads targeted at adults. Our study investigates whether spokes-characters are still a prevalent strategy used by advertisers to engage modern consumers. In total, 922 ads collected from men’s and women’s magazines indicate that the use of spokes-characters significantly increased over the past 20 years; the types of characters featured also have undergone changes. Interpretations of these findings discuss historical changes as potential facilitators of this increasingly used advertising tool.
Association of HIV neutralizing antibody with lower viral load after treatment interruption in a prospective trial (A5170)

Objective:We investigated the impact of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) on CD4 T-cell count and viral load in a cohort of HAART recipients who underwent extended structured treatment interruption. Design:Substudy of NAb in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5170 trial. Methods:Early plasma samples from 50 volunteers who discontinued HAART were evaluated in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based neutralization assay against a panel of four subtype B primary isolates. Results:We found that high-titer (90% inhibitory dose > 500) NAb against two or more isolates was associated with reduced viral load (P = 0.003 at 12-week posttreatment interruption). This effect faded with time, losing significance (P = 0.161) by study conclusion. Participants possessing the highest NAb levels against individual isolates appeared more likely to have lower viral loads with the association gaining significance against the R5-tropic primary isolate US1 (P = 0.005). There was no association between broader neutralization and CD4 T-cell slope over time. Conclusion:The data suggest that high-titer NAb responses at the time of treatment interruption are associated with reduced viral load over time, but not CD4+ T-cell decline.
Structure of the Tasmanian lithosphere from 3D seismic tomography

Seismic data from three separate experiments, a marine active source survey with land-based stations, and two teleseismic arrays deployed to record distant earthquakes, are combined in a joint inversion for the 3D seismic structure of the Tasmanian lithosphere. In total, travel-time information from nearly 14 000 source–receiver paths are used to constrain a detailed model of crustal velocity, Moho geometry and upper mantle velocity beneath the entire island. Synthetic reconstruction tests show good resolution beneath most of Tasmania with the exception of the southwest, where data coverage is sparse. The final model exhibits a number of well-constrained features that have important ramifications for the interpretation of Tasmanian tectonic history. The most prominent of these is a marked easterly transition from lower velocity crust to higher velocity crust which extends from the north coast, northeast of the Tamar River, down to the east coast. Other significant anomalies include elevated crustal velocities beneath the Mt Read Volcanics and Forth Metamorphic Complex; thickened crust beneath the Port Sorell and Badger Head Blocks in central northern Tasmania; and distinctly thinner, higher velocity crust beneath the Rocky Cape Block in northwest Tasmania. Combined with existing evidence from field mapping, potential-field surveys and geochemical data, the new results support the contention that east and west Tasmania were once passively joined as far back as the Ordovician, with the transition from lithosphere of Proterozoic continental origin to Phanerozoic oceanic origin occurring some 50 km east of the Tamar River; that the southeast margin of the Rocky Cape Block may have been a former site of subduction in the Cambrian; and that the Badger Head and Port Sorell Blocks were considerably shortened and thickened during the Cambrian Tyennan and Middle Devonian Tabberabberan Orogenies.
A Comparison of the Universal and the Regular Database Design

Abstract. It is tempting to design a database according to very abstracts concepts in order to cope with changing requirements. The generic design, which is called "universal database design", allows us to record all possible facts in terms of object types, objects, attributes, attribute values, and relationships. Arguably this kind of design simplifies the recording of new kinds of facts. However, the design has many associated problems. In this paper, we introduce a framework for evaluating database designs. We present the analysis of some of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the universal design by using the framework. Keywords. database design, data management, universal design, SQL Introduction Two important properties of the system development methodologies of the Internet time are constant time pressure to the developers and vague requirements that often change [1]. One tempting solution for dealing with changing requirements to databases seems to be the use of a highly generic database design that has different names and variations: "Universal Data Model" [2], "The entity-attribute-value representation with classes and relationships (EAV/CR)" [3], "Generic data model" [4], and "vertical design" [5]. However, ease of evolution is not the only aspect that we must consider in case of selecting a suitable database design. In addition, if we consider ease of evolution, then we must also consider how we can enforce integrity constraints. The goal of the paper is to introduce a framework for evaluating database designs and analyse some of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the universal design. This analysis is based on the experiments and the results of a literature review. Existing studies consider only few disadvantages and provide few experimental results. In this paper, we extend the work that was started in [6]. We use the concepts of SQL [7] because existing literature about the universal design uses these concepts. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Firstly, we explain the principles of the universal design. Secondly, we introduce a framework for evaluating database designs. Thirdly, we analyze some advantages and disadvantages of the use of this design. Finally, we draw conclusions and point to the future work. 1. The Universal Design The part a) of Figure 1 is pictorial representation of the universal design. The part b) of Figure 1 presents an example of the regular design. It is also possible to use a
SME Network Characteristics vs. Product Innovativeness: How to Achieve High Innovation Performance

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) must on the one hand innovate for company survival with the appropriate degree of product innovativeness, and on the other they need to collaborate and focus on core competences for efficiency matters. This research examines the relation of network characteristics and product innovativeness on innovation performance in SMEs. We tested hypotheses on the relationship between these three variables via data gathered from 60 SMEs, active in the medical devices sector. In this context we aim to offer consensus on the theoretical and empirical question of whether or not network characteristics and product innovativeness have a direct effect on innovation performance of SMEs. Results show no significant direct effect of product innovativeness on innovation performance. A positive interaction effect of multiple network characteristics on innovation performance was found, which confirms the significant importance of network configuration on innovation performance for SMEs. It indicates that, for SMEs in a highly regulated sector like the medical devices sector, the interaction of network characteristics is of crucial importance for high innovation performance. It is the combination of network characteristics that counts
Brazil’s fight against narcotraffic in the border with Colombia : an approach to the restrains of non-traditional threats over foreign policy

In the post-Cold War international scenario, the non-traditional nature of security threats conditions the states’ foreign policies. An example of the above is the policy employed by Brazil regarding the border shared with Colombia regarding the development that narcotraffic has been having since the end of the 20th century. Therefore, this article proposes a brief analysis around the influence exercised by the non-traditional nature of the drug traffic threat over the design of Brazilian foreign policy between 1999 and 2010
Cefazolin Prophylaxis in Head and Neck Cancer Surgery

This study evaluated the prophylactic use of cefazolin in reducing the incidence of infection in patients undergoing cancer surgery where the upper aerodigestive tract was entered from the neck. A prospective, randomized, double-blind design was conducted in a single hospital. The patient was given placebo or cefazolin, 1 gm intramuscularly with the preoperative medications, then 0.5 gm every six hours for four doses. Of 55 determinate patients, 32 received antibiotics and 23 placebo. Infection rate was 38% (12/32) and 87% (20/23) respectively, representing a statistically significant reduction in infection (P < 0.001). There were 30 wound and two nonwound (sinusitis and pneumonia) infections. In conclusion, the perioperative use of cefazolin in patients undergoing cancer surgery where the oral cavity or pharynx has been entered from the neck is useful in reducing the incidence of wound infection.
Implementation of a Donor Milk Program Is Associated with Greater Consumption of Mothers’ Own Milk among VLBW Infants in a US, Level 3 NICU

Background: It is unclear whether use of donor milk (DM) changes the provision of mothers’ own milk (MOM) to very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Objectives: To determine whether (1) the rates of any MOM and human milk consumption at feeding initiation and discharge and (2) the proportion of VLBW infants who stopped consuming any MOM and human milk during hospitalization changed in the 2 years after versus before implementation of a DM program in a US, inner-city, level 3 NICU. Methods: We studied VLBW infants admitted to Boston Medical Center in the 2 years before (n = 74) and after (n = 80) implementation of a DM program (June 2011). We used multivariable logistic regression to compare milk consumption at feeding initiation and discharge and Cox proportional hazards to compare the proportion of infants that stopped consuming milk during the hospitalization pre and post our DM program. Results: After adjustment for maternal race, age, insurance, delivery type, gestational age, and birth weight, we found a 6.0-fold increased odds (95% CI, 2.0-17.7) of consuming MOM at discharge and a 49% reduction in the cessation of MOM consumption during hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.93) in the 2 years after versus before our DM program. Conclusion: Implementation of a DM program was associated with greater consumption of MOM throughout hospitalization and at discharge among VLBW infants. Implementation of DM programs may augment support of mothers to provide breast milk in level 3 NICUs.
Other Comprehensive Income, Auditor Practice Experience and Audit Pricing

The audit pricing problem has always been the focus of academic research. Based on the relevant research of scholars at home and abroad, based on the audit demand theory and the high-level echelon theory, this paper selects the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2017 as the research sample, and deeply analyzes the relationship among other comprehensive income, auditor practice experience and audit pricing. The study found that: 1) When other conditions remain unchanged, other comprehensive income is positively correlated with audit pricing, and the risk brought by other comprehensive income and the increase of audit cost make auditors need corresponding compensation. 2) When other conditions remain unchanged, other comprehensive income is positively correlated with audit pricing. Auditors with rich experience in providing audit services can make audit clients feel higher audit quality and obtain audit premium. 3) When other conditions remain unchanged, the auditor’s practice experience will weaken the positive correlation between other comprehensive income and audit pricing. The experienced auditors are more accurate in interpreting and judging other comprehensive income information, so the risk assessment will also become more reasonable and targeted to carry out further audit procedures, so that the positive relationship between other comprehensive income and audit pricing is weakened to some extent. This research further enriches the relevant theoretical research on audit pricing and provides relevant research basis for audit practice.