Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Augmented REality Sandtable (ARES) Research Strategy

Executive Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of sand table terrain model construction using the Augmented REality Sandtable (ARES) compared to traditional sand table methods, and to gather perceptions and objective data on the usability of the ARES software, technology, and interface design. The study participants were Soldiers from the Army’s 3rd Infantry Division. The apparatus used was the 7× 4-ft physical sand table, ARES software, and associated mobile tablet for the experimental condition (using ARES), whereas the control condition (traditional sand table) used a replica of the 7× 4-ft sand box and an associated terrain building kit. Materials included an informed consent, a demographics questionnaire, a written land navigation test to evaluate construction aptitude, data recording forms to capture sand table construction performance, and questionnaires that measure perceived usability and capture feedback on tool utility.
An Asynchronous Distributed Framework for Large-scale Learning Based on Parameter Exchanges

In many distributed learning problems, the heterogeneous loading of computing machines may harm the overall performance of synchronous strategies. In this paper, we propose an effective asynchronous distributed framework for the minimization of a sum of smooth functions, where each machine performs iterations in parallel on its local function and updates a shared parameter asynchronously. In this way, all machines can continuously work even though they do not have the latest version of the shared parameter. We prove the convergence of the consistency of this general distributed asynchronous method for gradient iterations then show its efficiency on the matrix factorization problem for recommender systems and on binary classification.
The CR of Evaporation: A Calibration‐Free Diagnostic and Benchmarking Tool for Large‐Scale Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Modeling

Monthly evapotranspiration (ET) rates for 1979–2015 were estimated by the latest, calibration‐free version of the complementary relationship (CR) of evaporation over the conterminous United States. The results were compared to similar estimates of three land surface models (Noah, VIC, Mosaic), two reanalysis products (National Centers of Environmental Protection Reanalysis II, ERA‐Interim), two remote‐sensing‐based (Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model, Penman‐Monteith‐Leuning) algorithms, and the spatially upscaled eddy‐covariance ET measurements of FLUXNET‐MTE. Model validations were performed via simplified water‐balance derived ET rates employing Parameter‐Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model precipitation, United States Geological Survey two‐ and six‐digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC2 and HUC6) discharge, and terrestrial water storage anomalies from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, the latter for 2003–2015. The CR outperforms all other multiyear mean annual HUC2‐averaged ET estimates with root‐mean‐square error = 51 mm/year, R = 0.98, relative bias of −1%, and Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.94, respectively. Inclusion of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data into the annual water balances for the shorter 2003–2015 period does not have much effect on model performance. Similarly, the CR outperforms all other models for the linear trend of the annual ET rates over the HUC2 basins. Over the significantly smaller HUC6 basins where the water‐balance validation is more uncertain, the CR still outperforms all other models except FLUXNET‐MTE, which has the advantage of possible local ET measurements, a benefit that clearly diminishes at the HUC2 scale. As the employed CR is calibration‐free and requires only very few meteorological inputs, yet it yields superior ET performance at the regional scale, it may serve as a diagnostic and benchmarking tool for more complex and data intensive models of terrestrial evapotranspiration rates.
Experiment and Numerical Simulation of Seawater Intrusion under the Influences of Tidal Fluctuation and Groundwater Exploitation in Coastal Multilayered Aquifers

The dynamic behavior of groundwater flow and salt transport is affected by tide and pumping in coastal multilayered aquifers. In this paper, two groups of experiments were conducted considering different constant head inland boundaries. The fluctuation of the groundwater level and the process of seawater intrusion in the multilayered aquifers were observed. A two-dimensional SEAWAT model is developed to simulate the seawater intrusion to coastal aquifers under the influences of tidal fluctuation and groundwater exploitation. The hydrogeological parameters in the model are calibrated by the records of the groundwater level and salinity measurements. The results showed that the simulated groundwater level and salt concentration match the observation well. The groundwater level has the characteristics of periodic fluctuation with tide. The lag time of the groundwater level fluctuation in each monitoring point increases slightly with the increasing distance from the saltwater chamber. For the low tide, the inland freshwater recharge has main effect on groundwater level fluctuation. The rising tide has a negative effect on the drawdown of the groundwater level induced by pumping. For the high tide, the tide plays a major role on groundwater level fluctuation, compared with the inland freshwater recharge. Compared with the condition of high head of inland recharge, larger saltwater intrusion lengths and area have been observed and simulated in the aquifer, which means that faster inland motion of the seawater wedge would occur when the inland recharge is small in the coastal aquifers. It revealed that inland recharge plays a major role in the seawater intrusion for the same pumping rate of groundwater in different seasons. The analysis provides insights into how the tide fluctuation, groundwater pumping, and inland recharge effect on the area and rates of seawater intrusion.
The Influence of Water on the Strength of Olivine Dislocation Slip Systems

The nature of lattice‐preferred orientation (LPO) in olivine‐rich rocks strongly influences many important physical properties of Earth's upper mantle. Different LPO types have been observed to develop in deformation experiments on olivine‐rich rocks carried out at different water fugacity conditions. The development of the different LPO types has been attributed to dislocation slip systems in olivine having different sensitivities to water fugacity, but this hypothesis has not been directly tested. To measure the influence of water fugacity on the relative strengths of olivine dislocation slip systems, we carried out a series of deformation experiments on olivine single crystals under either anhydrous or hydrous conditions. The crystals were oriented to activate either the (010)[100], (001)[100], or (100)[001] dislocation slip systems using a direct shear geometry, which allows for isolation of single slip systems, in contrast to the multiple systems activated in experiments carried out in compression. Post‐deformation electron backscatter diffraction analyses reveal orientation gradients consistent with deformation occurring via the motion of dislocations on the activated slip systems. Crystals in all of the investigated orientations exhibit hydrolytic weakening, but crystals oriented to activate the (001)[100] slip system exhibit the largest degree of weakening. These results are consistent with a water‐induced change in LPO in olivine‐rich rocks deforming by dislocation creep. The rheological data obtained from the experiments can be used to improve models of LPO evolution in Earth's mantle, which is critical for imaging the structure of Earth's interior and predicting the movement of Earth's tectonic plates.
Temporal Variations in Water Use : The Case of The Greater Amman Municipality – Jordan

By using Linear and Logarithmic regression procedures, this study analyzes factors which influence annual water use in the Greater Amman Municipality during 2006 – 2015 period. The explanatory variables used in the model include: the average price of each water unit, average annual rainfall. Average maximum temperature, total number of minimum bills, changes in the Cost of Living Index, total number of subscribers, total number of big consumers, and total number of Governmental offices provided with water services. The results of this research indicate that variables such as average price, total number of minimum bills, and temperature variables explained a total of 89.7% of variations in annual water use quantities at the aggregate level in the Greater Amman Municipality. Therefore, such variables could be utilized as good predictive ones of future water needs in the study area.
A Hybrid Framework for Text Analysis

In Computational Linguistics there is an essential dichotomy between Linguists and Computer Scientists. The rst ones, with a strong knowledge of language structures, have not engineering skills. The second ones, contrariwise, expert in computer and mathematics skills, do not assign values to basic mechanisms and structures of language. Moreover, this discrepancy, especially in the last decades, has increased due to the growth of computational resources and to the gradual computerization of the world; the use of Machine Learning technologies in Arti cial Intelligence problems solving, which allows for example the machines to learn , starting from manually generated examples, has been more and more often used in Computational Linguistics in order to overcome the obstacle represented by language structures and its formal representation. The dichotomy has resulted in the birth of two main approaches to Computational Linguistics that respectively prefers: • rule-based methods, that try to imitate the way in which man uses and understands the language, reproducing syntactic structures on which the understanding process is based on, building lexical resources as electronic dictionaries, taxonomies or ontologies; • statistic-based methods that, conversely, treat language as a group of elements, quantifying words in a mathematical way and trying to extract information without identifying syntactic structures or, in some algorithms, trying to confer to the machine the ability to learn these structures. One of the main problems is the lack of communication between these two di erent approaches, due to substantial di erences characterizing them: on the one hand there is a strong focus on how language works and on language characteristics, there is a tendency to analytical and manual work. From other hand, engineering perspective nds in language an obstacle, and recognizes in the algorithms the fastest way to overcome this problem. However, the lack of communication is not only an incompatibility: following Harris, the best way to approach natural language, could result by taking the best of both. At the moment, there is a large number of open-source tools that perform text analysis and Natural Language Processing. A great part of these tools are based on statistical models and consist on separated modules which could be combined in order to create a pipeline for the processing of the text. Many of
Geospatial Assessment for Sustainable Management of Mangroves in Kilifi Creek, Kenya

Mangroves are salt-tolerable trees that grow on zones parallel to the coastline along the creeks. They follow the mud flat accretions which are unvegetated areas consisting of sand or gravel that are either exposed or flooded by tides. They provide 70% of the wood requirement along the Kenyan Coast. Currently, there are no harvest plans of the mangroves and there is selective removal of suitable poles and most of the quality poles have been wiped out. This not only leaves the inferior species unsuitable for the market but also affects the quality of the forest. Moreover, areas that are suitable for mangroves growth have been occupied by human settlement and infrastructure, hence, there is a need of sustainable use of the mangroves so as to protect them from degradating and eventually extinction. To achieve this, geospatial techniques need to be employed in order to determine the spatial extent of the vegetation and devise methods and plans of managing them. The Kilifi Mangrove Forest creek is home to major six species: Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Sonneratia alba J., Rhizophora mucronata, Lumnitzera racemosa and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. This study showed that the most dominant species in the forest is Avicenna Marina which had a percentage stand of 25.6%. The less dominant species Lumnitzera racemosa and Heritiera littoralis had a stand of 0.10% which were restricted for harvesting in the analysis, they need to be protected so as to prevent its extinction in the forest which will affect the biodiversity and richness of the forest. Density and heights of the mangroves were considered so as to decide on which areas to do reforestation in order to protect the forest and help in preventing soil erosion. The final suitable area for harvesting after carrying out conditional and majority filter was 394 acres which are 9% of the total forest area. The total area most suitable for reforestation is 1151 acres which are 27% of the total Kilifi Mangrove Forest. A recommendation for proper harvesting plans should be made by identifying suitable sites for harvesting and areas which showed low mangrove stand density should be identified and necessary measures should be taken to restore them.
BIODEGRADATION OF OILY EFFLUENTS OF PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND PRODUCTION OF BIOSURFACTANT: EFFECT OF INITIAL OIL CONCENTRATION

Biosurfactants have many applications in petroleum oil industry: they are used for oil storage tank cleaning, for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, thereby facilitating recovery, transportation and pipelining. Also, they are used for microbial enhanced oil recovery either from residual oil in reservoirs or from oily wastewater. The present study is an investigation of biodegradation of petroleum oil effluents using Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 for producing rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The processes were performed in a mechanically agitated, fully baffled airsparged 10L glass fermenter with a 5L working volume. The effect of oil concentration (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%) on the efficiency of oil biodegradation, rhamnolipid production, surface tension and bacterial biomass were studied. The fermentation with 1.5% oil concentration gave the highest biodegradation for aliphatic hydrocarbons (98.85%), followed by 2% oil concentration (95% degradation), then with 2.5% oil concentration 80% degradation), and finally with 1% oil concentration (66.8% degradation). Also, the complete biodegradation of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons was achieved for all tested oil concentrations. On the other hand maximum rhamnolipid production of 2.7 g/L as rhamnose equivalent and lower surface tension (30.2mN/m) were achieved at 2% oil concentration.
STUDY OF LATTICE BASED FHE FOR CLOUD DATA SECURITY

Cloud Computing is an transpiring trend in the modern world. It is a way of holding the Internet to use software or other IT services on demand. Due to its fast growth and popularity, number of users deposit their data and applications on the cloud. The impressive growth in cloud computing has proved to be promising innovation and more suitable for storing data and applications remotely. But its uses improvement is hindered by the security issue. Cloud doesn’t provide more security for its services and storage purpose. The traditional security approach of encryption doesn’t make cloud fully secure. So there is a need to develop such a technique which increases the security level of cloud. In order to solve the problem of data security in cloud computing system, lattice-based cryptographic schemes implements the so called “Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) scheme”, which allows processing directly on encrypted data and holds the promise eventually to solve the security problems with cloud computing. In this paper we survey on the existing lattice based FHE encryption techniques. Fully homomorphic encryption is a good solution to enhance security measures of cloud system that handles critical data. This makes cloud computing more stable and solid.
Machine learning in fingerprint probability evaluation

Although fingerprints have been used in forensic identification for over a century, establishing the degree of uniqueness a given fingerprint has remained elusive since it involves relationships and correlations hidden in a large amount of fingerprint data. We develop machine learning approaches to this problem focusing on two aspects: better generative models for fingerprints, and estimating probabilistic metrics for individuality and rarity. Generative approaches are used to evaluate fingerprint Individuality, defined as the probability of random correspondence (PRC) within a tolerance. The evaluation uses Bayesian networks and three fingerprint representations: ridge flow, minutiae, and ridge points. Mixture models of features are used, with parameters estimated using the EM algorithm. Fingerprint PRCs are determined for given numbers of available and matching minutiae. A Bayesian method based on graphical models is introduced to compute fingerprint rarity. The model is able to handle the large number of variables and the complexity of the distributions. Since latent prints are often incomplete and the core point may be missing in the field of view, a machine learning approach based on Gaussian process regression is proposed to predicate the core point. The coordinate system is transformed into standard position based on finding the core point. A graphical model, which takes into account inter-minutia dependencies and minutia
Numerical study on bi-phase coupled stress fluid in the presence of Hafnium and metallic nanoparticles over an inclined plane

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the simultaneous effects of Hafnium particles and partially submerged metallic particles for the flow of bi-phase coupled stress fluid over an inclined flat plane. Design/methodology/approach An unflinching free stream flow that stretches far from the surface of the plane with the possibility of containing some partially submerged metallic particles is considered. Innovative model has been proposed and designed using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. Findings The findings show that the drag force resists the couple stress fluid, whereas the Newtonian flow is supported by increasing the velocity. For both types of flows, movement of the particle is retarded gradually against the drag force coefficient. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this model is reported for the first time.
Predictions of the effective slip length and drag reduction with a lubricated micro-groove surface in a turbulent channel flow

We perform direct numerical simulations of a turbulent channel flow with a lubricated micro-grooved surface to investigate the effects of this surface on the slip characteristics at the interface and the friction drag. The interface between water and lubricant is assumed to be flat, i.e. the surface-tension effect is neglected. The solid substrate, where a lubricant is infused, is composed of straight longitudinal grooves. The flow rate of water inside the channel is maintained constant, and a lubricant layer under the interface is shear driven by the turbulent water flow above. A turbulent channel flow with a superhydrophobic (i.e. air-lubricated) surface having the same solid substrate configuration is also simulated for comparison. The results show that the drag reduction with the liquid-infused surface highly depends on the lubricant viscosity as well as the groove width and aspect ratio. The amounts of drag reduction with the liquid-infused surfaces are not as good as those with superhydrophobic surfaces, but are still meaningfully large. For instance, the maximum drag reduction by the heptane-infused surface is approximately 13 % for a rectangular groove whose spanwise width and depth in wall units are 12 and 14.4, respectively, whereas a superhydrophobic surface with the same geometry results in a drag reduction of 21 %. The mean slip length normalized by the viscosity ratio and groove depth depends on the groove aspect ratio. The ratio of fluctuating spanwise slip length to the streamwise one is between 0.25 (ideal surface without groove structures) and 1 (i.e. isotropic slip), indicating that the slip is anisotropic. Using the Stokes flow assumption, the effective streamwise and spanwise slip lengths are expressed as a function of groove geometric parameters and lubricant viscosity. We also suggest a predictive model for drag reduction with the heptane-lubricated surface by combining the predicted effective slip lengths with the drag reduction formula used for riblets (Luchini et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 228, 1991, pp. 87–109). The predicted drag reductions are in good agreements with those from the present and previous direct numerical simulations.
The Evolution of Communication Pedagogy

: This article is an overview of the major developments in the field of communication in education. From the history of the national association over 100 plus years, specific attention is paid to changes leading to the advent of this publication. Changes in nomenclature, conferences, publications, research, and educational trends are discussed. The essay is intended to provide a view of history as setting for inauguration of the Journal of Communication Pedagogy . It also is intended to invite and stimulate other scholars’ reflections on the nature and evolution of the field. Perhaps it is presumptive to title this article “the” evolution of the field or discipline. Rather, this article is one person’s view of how a major subject area of research and teaching has changed over a century. This article is a chronicle of events and developments that have impacted a field of study, not through revolution but more as an evolutionary change. One could say that communication pedagogy (or the various names and labels used over the years) has gone through reductions, expansions, contractions, phases, and foci that represent the process of growth and maturity. So, this chronicle is done through my lens with the hope that anyone who is newer to work in communication pedagogy will have a sense of our history. Perhaps this article will encourage others who have a different perspective, or a different set of lenses, to add to this overview.
Cosmic Power Generation and Gravity

By modeling the Sun as an electrical dynamo, the speed and frequency of the Sun’s electromagnetic field is determined. The results confirm the approximate radius of the Sun’s inner core 1,220,000 meters and gravity at its surface, 274 m/s2. The Sun’s rotating electromagnetic field radiates to Pluto and beyond. Like gravity, the near magnetic field of a sphere weakens with the inverse square of the distance. The Sun is a constant speed and constant acceleration machine. Like a set speed Ferris wheel, the orbital speed of planets is faster nearer to the Sun and reduces as the distance increases. The Standard Gravitation Parameter (m3/s2) is analogous to accelerating cubic volume (m3/s2) of the solar system. The planets are being pushed away by a centrifugal force from the constant acceleration of the Sun’s magnetic field, while at the same time being pulled in by the force of the Sun’s centripetal acceleration. Planetary orbits are the result of this balancing of forces. Gravity is a centripetal acceleration derived from a rotating electromagnetic field. Gravity is derived from an electromagnetic field which means it is not a force. There are only three forces in the universe: electromagnetic, strong nuclear and weak nuclear.