Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induced Current Magnetic Resonance Electrical Conductivity Imaging With Oscillating Gradients

In this paper, induced current magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (ICMREIT) by means of current induction due to time-varying gradient fields of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems is proposed. Eddy current and secondary magnetic flux density distributions are calculated for a numerical model composed of a z-gradient coil and a cylindrical conductor. An MRI pulse sequence is developed for the experimental evaluation of ICMREIT on a 3T MRI scanner. A relationship between the secondary magnetic flux density and the low-frequency (LF) MR phase is formulated. Characteristics of the LF phase, the eddy current, and the reconstructed conductivity distributions based on the simulated and the physical measurements are in agreement. Geometric shifts, which may contaminate the LF phase measurements, are not observed in the MR magnitude images. Low sensitivity of the LF phase measurements is a major limitation of ICMREIT towards clinical applications. The reconstructed conductivity images are rough estimates of true conductivity distribution of the experimental phantoms. Although the experimental results show that ICMREIT is safe and potentially applicable, its measurement sensitivity and reconstruction accuracy need to be optimized in order to improve the technique towards clinical applications.
Molecular Assessment and Taxonomic Status of the Rapid Racerunner (Eremias velox complex) with Particular Attention to the Populations in Northwestern China

The rapid racerunner, Eremias velox, is a widely distributed lizard from the northern Caucasus across entire Central Asia eastward to China. It is increasingly common to accept E. velox as a species complex in its entire range. To date, published morphological and molecular systematic hypotheses of this complex are only partially congruent, and its taxonomic status and evolutionary history are still far from clear. The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and 12S rRNA sequences were used to evaluate the taxonomy of this complex, with particular attention to the phylogenetic placement of populations in northwestern China. Examination of the phylogenetic analyses recovers seven distinct, biogeographically discrete, and well-supported clades, revealing genetically identifiable populations corresponding to some previously morphology-defined subspecies. Chinese E. v. roborowskii appears to have split from other Central Asian rapid racerunner lizards well before differentiation occurred among the latter taxa. Specifically, we corroborate that there are two subspecies occurring in China, i.e., E. v. velox and E. v. roborowskii. We recommend a novel subspecific status for the phenotypically and genetically distinct populations in southern Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan previously assigned to E. v. velox. Finally, each of the three independently evolving lineages from Iranian Plateau should be recognized as three species new to science under the general lineage concept.
Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Battery Storage and Demand Side Power Management for Economic Operation of the Smart Grid System at Naresuan University, Thailand

This paper presents a fuzzy logic-based algorithm developed for battery storage power management (BSPM) and demand side power management (DSPM) for the School of Renewable Energy Technology (SERT)-Smart Grid (SSG) at Naresuan University in Phitsanulok, Thailand. This algorithm enables lower cost operation of the SSG by utilizing the time of use electricity-pricing concept and thus is called the Fuzzy Low-cost Operation (FLO) algorithm. After applying the FLO algorithm to the SSG, the BSPM can strategically handle fluctuating PV production by intelligently alternating between absorbing power during high solar irradiation periods and discharging power to the load during peak consumption times. The FLO algorithm also empowers the SSG’s DSPM to decrease the peak load by using SERT’s building energy management system to disconnect noncritical load as desired, for example lighting, air conditioners, and dummy heater load (used for research testing purposes). Research results show that the FLO algorithm successfully decreased SERT’s annual electricity bill by 17.58%, equivalent to a grand total of $9148 in annual savings. Of 17.58% in savings, 5.78% came from modifications to the BSPM and 11.81% came from modifications to the DSPM. The average monthly savings correspond to $762 ($250 from BSPM and $512 from the DSPM), significant savings that without the FLO algorithm would not be available.
Toward a Consensus on the Definition and Taxonomy of Power System Resilience

This paper analyzes the notion of resilience in power systems from a fundamental viewpoint and thoroughly examines its practical implications. This paper aims to describe and classify different high-impact rare (HR) events, provide a more technical definition of power system resilience, and discuss linkages between resilience and other well-established concepts, such as security and reliability. Most relevant decisions of system operators in the face of HR events involve a significant level of stress and strain. In order to make informed decisions within this context, it is crucial to have an all-inclusive picture of the state of the system. This paper provides an appropriate framework that not only characterizes the various states of the system but also derives informed decisions from a resilience-oriented perspective. It also describes and analyzes diverse resilience improvement strategies. Comprehensive models and classifications are provided to clearly capture various aspects of power system resilience.
Contemporary Perspective on Addictive Behaviors: Underpinning Mechanisms, Assessment, and Treatment

reasoning (Ab-Reas) −. 11 (1.47) 7 (24.1) Phonemic fluency (Ph-Fl) −. 70 (1.06) 10 (34.5) Clock drawing (Cl-Dr) −2.78 (4.68) 14 (48.3) Overlapping figures (Ov-Fig) −. 72 (.99) 6 (20.7) Global Cognitive Index (GCI) 77.79 (9.13) 10 (34.5) Table 2: Means, SD, and distribution of the subjects in the SCL-90R. Mothers’ psychopathology
A 96.5% Efficiency Current Mode Hysteretic Buck Converter With 1.2% Error Auto-Selectable Frequency Locking

This paper proposes a current mode hysteretic buck converter with auto-selectable frequency locking. In this work, the hysteresis of the hysteretic comparator and the resistance of the feedback network are adjusted simultaneously to fix the switching frequency. The proposed switching frequency locking scheme can improve the power efficiency and fix the spectral components of the output at specific frequencies by suitably lowering the switching frequency under light load conditions. Implemented in a 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), the proposed converter achieves peak efficiency of 96.5% for a 3.3 V input with less than 1.2% frequency error while locking at 1, 0.5, and 0.25 MHz.
Towards precision brain disorder rehabilitation

Brain disorders include any conditions or disabilities that affect the brain. Some frequently occurring brain disorders (caused by e.g., injury or stroke) are associated with balance disorders that can be to some extent compensated by highly personalized and long term rehabilitation. This paper presents basic principles and reports the first results of our project focused on design and development of new generation data-centric approach to treatment of balance disorders through exergames offering many levels of difficulties that can be adjusted through choice of their parameters. The suggested approach paves the way to future precision rehabilitation models, in which the significant part of the training can be ensured through game like exercise supervised by an intelligent adaptive system called Intelligend Therapy Assistant (ITA) providing the patient with biofeedback. Further, the supervising ITA iteratively modifies parameters of the next run of the game (adapts them) according to the current needs of the individual patient in order to keep the patient motivated — this is ensured by introduction of a feedback loop between the ITA system and thorough evaluation of results achieved by the patient during the therapy process.
Analysis of a High-Power, Resonant DC–DC Converter for DC Wind Turbines

This paper is introducing a new method of operation for a series resonant converter, with intended application in megawatt high-voltage dc wind turbines. Compared to a frequency controlled series resonant converter operated in subresonant mode, the method (entitled pulse removal technique) allows the design of the medium frequency transformer for highest switching frequency, while being operated at lower frequency without saturation. The main focus of this paper is to identify and analyze the operating modes of the converter with pulse removal technique. With the use of variable frequency and variable phase displacement in subresonant mode, the new method of operation promises transformer size reduction and facilitates soft-switching transition of the insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and line frequency diodes on rectifier side. Four modes of operation are identified, while equations for output power, voltage, and current stress are identified. Experimental results are concluded on a 1 kW, 250 V/500 V prototype.
Predictive Factors and Long Term Outcome in Lupus Nephritis in Libya

Lupus Nephritis (LN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Prompt recognition and treatment of renal disease is important, as early response to therapy is correlated with better outcome. The main purpose of this study is evaluation lupus nephritis, outcome of lupus nephritis, and studies predictive factors in lupus nephritis are improved outcome. Patient and methods: Follow up study patients diagnosed as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), from the registration file of Rheumatology clinic, These patients were studied clinically for the presence of lupus nephritis, laboratory test CBP, ESR, RFT, Urine sedimentation, USS Abdomen, Doppler renal and use immunology test ANA positively was more than 1:160, anti-DNA Serum compliment levels (C3, C4), anti-ENA. Result: Clinical presentation of lupus nephritis was asymptomatic lupus nephritis is (6.6%), Nephritis lupus nephritis (24 h urine collection<3 g/d) is (36.8%), Nephrotic disease (24 h urine collection ≥ 3 g/d) is (28.9%) and acute renal failure is (27.6%), Albumin urine collection g/d range from 0.6-6 g/24 h, M=2.1 ± 1.1, blood urea ranged from 18-200 mg/dl, M=90.9 ± 47.6, serum creatinine was 0.5-6.7 mg/dl, M=2.6 ± 1.8, Hypertension patients of lupus nephritis was (89.5%). Positive ANA was (93.4%), positive Ds DNA was (94.7%), and low complement C3, C4 was (94.7%) and positive anti cardiolipin antibody AGL was (23.7%) recurrent attack lupus nephritis was (14.5%). The renal biopsy was done found diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis was (45.5%), Focal proliferative lupus nephritis was (20.8%) and mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis was (16.9%). management of lupus nephritis and choice of therapy according guideline European League against Rheumatism (EULAR), patients were received azathioprine (13.2%), IV injection Cyclophosphamide therapy was (21.1%), mycophenolate mofetil was (55.3%) and injection rituximab was (10.5%). Outcome lupus nephritis was complete response (64.5%), Partial response was (13.2%), resistance lupus nephritis was (22.1%), end stage renal failure on hemodialysis was (7.9%), conservative chronic renal failure was (14.5%) and mortality of lupus nephritis was (13.2%) Conclusion: Most common type diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis followed Focal proliferative lupus nephritis then mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis, induction therapy with mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide or rituximab in inducing complete remission of lupus nephritis is 64%. Even with standard therapy the end stage renal failure was (14.5%) and mortality of lupus nephritis was (13.2%) in this study. The impact of several factors like sex, age, race, duration of lupus nephritis, serum urea, serum creatinine and renal biopsy have statistical significance correlation and predictive effect on outcome lupus nephritis.
Simulator for testing algorithms for estimation of parameters of power system

In the paper, realized simulator for testing parameters estimation of the power system was described. Simulator allows definition of the test conditions like amplitude and phase, activity of decreasing direct component, variation of number of samples, variation of harmonic components, and change of frequency of the basic harmonic. The test criterion takes the error of the estimated value in relation to the default value and then time of convergence of the estimated value. As an illustration of algorithm functioning, the time format of the input signal and the timing response of the estimated amplitude and phase of signals are shown. In the simulator, algorithms for amplitude and phase estimation are implemented. For amplitude estimation, algorithms that were implemented: algorithm based on the Fourier bandwidth filter and algorithm based on the least squares method. For phase estimation, algorithms that were implemented: zero crossing algorithm and algorithm based on the Fourier bandwidth filter. All of the implemented algorithms are described and given with their mathematical models. Simulator was made in Matlab and can be expanded with addition of the noise, implementation of other algorithms, development and testing of new algorithms. For the demonstration of the usability of the simulator, results that were obtained by testing are shown.
Efficient Computation of Feedback Control for Constrained Systems

A method is presented for solving the discrete-time finite-horizon Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) problem subject to auxiliary linear equality constraints, such as fixed end-point constraints. The method explicitly determines an affine relationship between the control and state variables, as in standard Riccati recursion, giving rise to feedback control policies that account for constraints. Since the linearly-constrained LQR problem arises commonly in robotic trajectory optimization, having a method that can efficiently compute these solutions is important. We demonstrate some of the useful properties and interpretations of said control policies, and we compare the computation time of our method against existing methods.
Lower bumblebee colony reproductive success in agricultural 1 compared to urban environments 2

Journal: Proceedings B Manuscript ID RSPB-2018-0807.R1 Article Type: Research Date Submitted by the Author: n/a Complete List of Authors: Samuelson, Ash; Royal Holloway University of London, Biological Sciences Gill, Richard; Imperial College London, Life Sciences Brown, Mark; Royal Holloway University of London, School of Biological Sciences Leadbeater, Ellouise; Royal Holloway University of London, Subject: Ecology < BIOLOGY, Environmental Science < BIOLOGY
Operation of Three-Level Inverter-Based Shunt Active Power Filter Under Nonideal Grid Voltage Conditions With Dual Fundamental Component Extraction

In this paper, a new reference current generation method is proposed for effective harmonics mitigation and reactive power compensation of three-level neutral-point diode clamped inverter-based shunt active power filter (SAPF) under nonideal grid voltage conditions. The proposed method is named as dual fundamental component extraction algorithm. In operation, the proposed algorithm extracts at the same time, the desired fundamental current and voltage components for generating reference current and synchronization phases, respectively. As a result, the proposed algorithm is able to generate reference current that ensures in phase operation of SAPF with the operating power system, without depending on any phase-locked loop elements. Besides, the proposed algorithm employs self-tuning filter (STF) for accurate computation of the fundamental components. Design concept and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are thoroughly studied and evaluated in MATLAB–Simulink. Additionally, a laboratory prototype utilizing TMS320F28335 digital signal processor is built to validate its feasibility. Encouraging findings obtained from both simulation and experimental works demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed algorithm under both ideal and nonideal grid voltage conditions.
A low-RCS, wideband and circularly polarized metasurface antenna

This paper designs a novel circularly polarized (CP) metasurface (MS) antenna, which has the advantages of low profile, low radar cross section (RCS) and broadband operation. The MS is composed of compact polarization-dependent artificial magnetic conductors (PDAMCs). By arranging PDAMCs like a chessboard directly on the top of a circularly polarized patch antenna, the RCS can be reduced. For using a sequential-phase (SP) network and the compact structure of MS and driven patches, the antenna achieves wideband operation with high-gain performance. The simulated results indicate that the RCS at bore-sight is reduced more than 6dB from 4.87GHz to 7.34GHz and from 7.81GHz to 8.89GHz. The antenna is left-hand with the |S11|<−10dB bandwidth from 4.79GHz to 7.3GHz, the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth from 4.98GHz to 6.96GHz.
Bandwidth Aggregation Protocol and Throughput-Optimal Scheduler for Hybrid RF and Visible Light Communication Systems

In this paper, we propose a bandwidth aggregation protocol for hybrid visible light communication (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) communication systems. By efficiently combining the RF communication with the VLC, the proposed protocol compensates for the disadvantages of the VLC, e.g., unstable communication quality and a small coverage area, while enjoying the additional bandwidth provided by the VLC. In the hybrid VLC and RF communication system, packets which arrive at the system are scheduled to be transmitted via the VLC or RF communication. This scheduling decision has a profound impact on the overall performance of the system. Our proposed protocol employs a scheduling algorithm based on queue lengths, the goal of which is the throughput optimality. We define a Lyapunov function as a function of queue lengths and obtain the optimal scheduling policy by minimizing the drift of the Lyapunov function. We implement a real-life prototype of the hybrid VLC and RF communication system and conduct the experiments of the proposed protocol. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol is capable of successfully aggregating the bandwidth of the VLC and RF communication.
Code quality measurement: Case study

As it stands, the maintenance phase in the software lifecycle is one of the biggest overall expenses. Analyzing the source code characteristics and identifying high-maintenance modules is therefore necessary. In this paper, we design the architecture for a maintenance metrics collection and analysis system. As a result, we present a tool for analyzing and visualizing the maintainability of a software project.
Constant capacitive wireless power transfer at variable coupling

Capacitive wireless power transfer uses the varying electric field for wireless power transfer from a transmitter plate to a receiver plate. The amount of power transferred to the load and the system efficiency are dependent of the coupling between transmitter and receiver. However, by changing the operating frequency, it is possible to achieve constant power transfer and efficiency, even at variable coupling. In this work, the analytical expressions for the three different gains of a general capacitive wireless power transfer system are calculated. Based on the gains, an analytical solution is determined for achieving constant power transfer and efficiency at variable coupling. The analytical results are validated by circuital simulation in SPICE.
Detecting On-Street Parking Spaces in Smart Cities: Performance Evaluation of Fixed and Mobile Sensing Systems

As the number of vehicles continues to grow, parking spaces are at a premium in city streets. In addition, due to the lack of knowledge about street parking spaces, heuristic circling in the streets not only costs drivers’ time and fuel, but also increases city congestion. In the wake of the recent trend to build convenient, green, and energy-efficient smart cities, common techniques adopted by high-profile smart parking systems are reviewed, and the performance of the various approaches are compared. A mobile sensing unit has been developed as an alternative to the fixed sensing approach. It is mounted on the passenger side of a car to measure the distance from the vehicle to the nearest roadside obstacle. By extracting parked vehicles’ features from the collected trace, a supervised learning algorithm has been developed to estimate roadside parking occupancy. Multiple road tests were conducted around Wheatley (Oxfordshire) and Guildford (Surrey) in the U.K. In the case of accurate GPS readings, enhanced by a map matching technique, the accuracy of the system is above 90%. A quantity estimation model is derived to calculate the density of sensing units required to cover urban streets. The estimation is quantitatively compared with a fixed sensing solution. The results show that the mobile sensing approach can perform at the same level as fixed sensing solutions when accurate location information is available but substantially fewer sensors are needed compared with the fixed sensing system.
Is dietary niche breadth linked to morphology and performance in Sandveld lizards Nucras (Sauria: Lacertidae)?

The functional characteristics of prey items (such as hardness and evasiveness) have been linked with cranial morphology and performance in vertebrates. In lizards particularly, species with more robust crania generally feed on harder prey items and possess a greater bite force, whereas those that prey on evasive prey typically have longer snouts. However, the link between dietary niche breadth, morphology, and performance has not been explicitly investigated in lizards. The southern African genus Nucras was used to investigate this link because the species exhibit differing niche breadth values and dietary compositions. A phylogeny for the genus was established using mitochondrial and nuclear markers, and morphological clusters were identified. Dietary data of five Nucras species, as reported previously, were used in correlation analyses between cranial shape (quantified using geometric morphometrics) and dietary niche breadth, and the proportion of hard prey taken and bite force capacity. Dietary niche breadth and the proportion of hard prey eaten were significantly related to cranial shape, although not once phylogeny was accounted for using a phylogenetic generalized least squares regression. The proportion of evasive prey eaten was a significant predictor of forelimb length when phylogeny was taken into account. We conclude that, in Nucras, the percentage of evasive prey taken co-evolves with forelimb morphology, and dietary niche breadth co-evolves with cranial shape. However, although head width is correlated with the proportion of hard prey eaten, this appears to be the result of shared ancestry rather than adaptive evolution. (c) 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 110, 674-688.