Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of p57^kip2, Rb protein and PCNA and their relationships with clinicopathology in human pancreatic cancer

AIM: To investigate the effects of inhibiting factor of cellcycle regulation p57kip2, retinoblastinoma protein (Rb protein)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the genesisand progression of human pancreatic cancer.METHODS: The expression of p57kip2, Rb protein and PCNAin tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of 32 patients withpancreatic cancer was detected with SP immunohistochemicaltechnique.RESULTS: p57kip2 protein positive-expression rate in tumortissues of pancreatic cancer was 46.9 %, which was lowerthan that in adjacent pancreatic tissues (75.0 %) (x2=5.317,P＜0.05), p57kip2 protein positive-expression correlatedsignificantly with tumor cell differentiation (well-differentiationversus moderate or low-differentiation, P＜0.05) but did notcorrelate significantly with lymph node metastasis (lymph nodemetastasis versus non-lymph node metastasis, P＞0.05); Rbgene protein positive-expression rate in tumor tissues was50.0 %, which was also lower than that in adjacent pancreatictissues (78.1%) (x2=5.497, P＜0.05); PCNA positive-expression rate was 71.9 %, being higher than that inadjacent pancreatic tissues (43.8 %) (x2=5.189, P＜0.05),PCNA positive-expression also correlated significantly withtumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis (well-differentiation versus moderate or low- differentiation, lymphnode metastasis versus non-lymph node metastasis, P＜0.05). Rb protein positive-expression rate in the tumor tissues ofp57kip2 protein positive-expression group was 53.3 %; andRb protein positive-expression rate in the tumor tissues ofp57kip2 protein negative-expression group was 47.1%. Therewas no significant relationship between the two groups(r=0.16507, P＞0.05). CONCLUSION: The decreased expression of p57kip2, Rbprotein or over-expression of PCNA protein might contributeto the genesis or progression of pancreatic cancer, p57kip2,Rb protein and PCNA may play an important role in genesisand progression of pancreatic cancer.
Avian Melanocortin System: α‐MSH May Act as an Autocrine/Paracrine Hormone

Abstract: The interest in the physiological role of α‐MSH in birds has been limited because they lack the intermediate lobe of the pituitary, the main source of circulating α‐MSH in most vertebrates. Recent studies have improved our understanding of the avian melanocortin system. We have cloned and characterized all five MC‐R subtypes, POMC, and AGRP in chicken. Analyses of the tissue distribution of expression of these genes revealed widespread expression throughout the body, corresponding to the situation in mammals in which α‐MSH exerts a multiplicity of effects in different tissues by acting as a local mediator. We showed that the extended black locus controlling feather pigmentation in the chicken encodes MC1‐R. Moreover, black chickens carrying the dominant allele, the extended black, express the MC1‐R with ligand‐independent activity as the somber‐3J black mice. α‐MSH and AGRP were expressed in the infundibular nucleus of POMC and NPY neurons, respectively, in the brain of Japanese quail. Furthermore, fasting stimulated AGRP expression and lowered POMC expression. These data indicate that at least two of the major melanocortin systems reported in mammals, that is, regulation of pigmentation and energy homeostasis, was developed in a common ancestor to chicken and mammals at least 300 million years ago. Furthermore, α‐MSH peptide was identified in developing chicken eye, suggesting a possible involvement of α‐MSH in regulation of ocular development. Collectively, the data reviewed here indicate that α‐MSH is produced locally and acts as an autocrine/paracrine hormone in birds.
Trophic Links of the Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata) in Transformed Forest Ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

The diet of the spotted flycatcher was studied (Muscicapa striata Pallas, 1764) to reveal its trophic links and subsistence of bird populations in transformed ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine. A total of 75 invertebrate taxa were found in the diet. Insects made up 94.8%: imagoes of Diptera (39.8%), Hymenoptera (24.2%), Lepidoptera (17.2%), Odonata (7.9%), Coleoptera (5.1%), etc. Large-sized insects dominated. Qualitative composition of the nestling diet of spotted flycathers was composed of zoophages (31.7%), phytophages (29.4%), saprophages (20.1%), polyphages (12.0%), and necrophages (6.7%). Invertebrate trophic groups were almost equally distributed in the nestling diet according to the number of taken objects: zoophages (22.0%), polyphages (21.0%), phytophages (21.0%), necrophages (20.0%), and saprophages (16.0%). Environmental conditions play an important role affecting the diet structure. The most favourable feeding conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. The analysis showed that the forage intake of flycatchers was equal in all the sites. The highest invertebrate diversity was found in model site 2 (Natural Nature Park “Homilshanski Forests”) – 62 taxa, and in model site 4 (National Nature Park “Hetmanskyi”) – 33 taxa. Similarity indices were higher in model site 3 (30) compared to site 1 (26) showing that birds could switch between different invertebrate species thus causing the formation of ecological pre-adaptations and further synanthropisation of the species. The highest indices of Jaccard (57.5%) and Sorensen (73.0%) for 23 taxa of invertebrates were revealed in model sites 3 and 4.
Detección del virus de la poliedrosis nuclear (BmNPV) en el gusano de seda (Bombyx mori L.), mediante hibridación de ácidos nucleicos

The mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is affected by numerous diseases like Grassery, caused by the nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). The management and control of these diseases mainly consist of prevention and early diagnosis. The objective of this work was aimed at the diagnosis of the virus BmNPV associated with the symptoms of Grassery observed in the production areas of the Mulberry silkworm in Cuba. Molecular diagnostic methods for BmNPV based on radioactive and non- radioactive hybridization of nucleic acids (HNA), from larvae's polyhedra extractions in the 3rd and 4th instars, were developed. In both hybridization methods, BmNPV presence was detected. Positive results of 5.5% of samples analyzed in the 3rd larval stage were obtained using radioactive hybridization, which agreed with non- radioactive hybridization results. Nevertheless, in the 4th stage, 28.8% of positive samples were detected using radioactive hybridization and 22.2% of total analyzed samples for non-radioactive hybridization. Although radioactive hybridization showed higher sensibility, both methods allowed to confirm that it was possible to detect BmNPV from the 3rd larval stage, which allows to establish the enhancement of preventive treatment and management measures of mulberry litters with the objective of minimizing production loses.
Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach of a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta Superimposed by Thumb Sucking Habit: A Case Report

Citation Gholman RR, El Meligy OE. Multidisciplinary treatment approach of a patient with amelogenesis imperfecta superimposed by thumb sucking habit: a case report. JKAU Med Sci 2017; 24 (4): 31-39. DOI: 10.4197/Med. 24.4. 5 Abstract A seven-year-old boy was presented with discontent of his teeth appearance, mild teeth sensitiveness, bad masticatory eff ectiveness, diffi culty in speech and low self-esteem. The clinical and radiographic results indicated amelogenesis imperfecta. Because of uncooperative behavior, treatment was accomplished under general anesthesia. The use of composite resin and stainless steel crowns produced eff ective and satisfying improvement of the patient’s aesthetic looks, in addition to prevention of further sensitivity and wear so enhancing his functional needs. The lastingness of the thorough management of this patient needed powerful stress on careful oral hygiene. There is a major role of multidisciplinary team to the eff ective management of patients with hypomaturation type of amelogenesis imperfecta. Many factors have a signifi cant part in treatment planning of amelogenesis imperfecta cases such as patient’s age, socioeconomic condition, seriousness of the defect, the patient’s collaboration and association with other medical conditions.
The role of metabolism in the pathogenesis of adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC)

xxii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) . 2 1.2 Gene polymorphisms associated with CD. 4 1.2.1 NOD2/CARD15 . 4 1.2.2 ATG16L1 . 7 1.2. 3 IRGM . 9 1.3 The gut microbiota and CD . 12 1.3. 1 Changes in the gut microbiota associated with CD . 12 1.3. 1.1 Reduced bacterial diversity . 12 1.3. 1.2 Increased mucosal-associated Escherichia coli . 14 1.3. 2 Are these changes in the microbiota a cause or a consequence of CD? 15 1.4 Association of specific microbes with CD . 17 1.4. 1 Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) . 17 1.4. 2 Adherent Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) . 18 1.5 E. coli – from commensals to pathogens . 20 1.5. 1 Diarrhoeagenic E. coli. 21 1.5. 1.1 Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) . 21 1.5. 1.2 Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) . 22 1.5. 1.3 Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) . 23 1.5. 1.4 Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) . 24 1.5. 1.5 Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) . 25 1.5. 1.6 Diffusely adhering E. coli (DAEC) . 27 1.5. 2 Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) . 29 1.5. 2.1 Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) . 29 1.5. 2.2 Neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) . 30 1.6 Molecular mechanisms of AIEC pathogenesis . 33 1.6. 1 AIEC and the epithelial barrier . 33
three waves of distinct chemokines to recruit immune effectors Upon viral exposure myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce

Summary Host response to viral infection involves distinct effectors of innate and adaptive immunity, whose mobilization needs to be coordinated to insure protection. Here we show that Influenza virus triggers in human blood dendritic cell (DC) subsets, i.e., plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs, a coordinated chemokine (CK) secretion program with three successive waves. The first one, occurring at early time points (2-4 hours), includes CKs potentially attracting effector cells like neutrophils, cytotoxic T and NK cells (CXCL16, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3). The second one occurs within 8 to 12 hours and includes CKs attracting effector memory T cells (CXCL8, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11). The third wave, which occurs after 24-48 hours, when DCs have reached the lymphoid organs, includes CCL19, CCL22 and CXCL13, which attract naive T and B lymphocytes. Thus, human blood DC subsets carry a common program of CK production, which allow for a coordinated attraction of the different immune effectors in response to viral infection. From bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org by guest on June 5, 2013. For personal use only.
Impact phénotypique des réarrangements chromosomiques et évolution des génomes de levures

Nous avons cherche a evaluer l’impact des rearrangements chromosomiques sur l’evolution des genomes de levures selon deux approches. La premiere approche a consiste a retracer les rearrangements chromosomiques au cours de l’evolution des Saccharomycotina. Nous avons construit un arbre phylogenetique a partir de 66 genomes issus de bases de donnees publiques et reconstruit la structure des genomes ancestraux des 66 especes. La comparaison des genomes ancestraux a permi d’inferer 5150 rearrangements chromosomiques passes. Nous avons montre que selon les clades consideres, les genomes evoluent plutot par inversion ou par translocation et que les rearrangements chromosomiques et les mutations non-synonymes s’accumulent a un rythme coordonne au cours de l’evolution. La seconde approche a consiste a quantifier l’impact phenotypique des variations structurelles (SV) du genome en termes de taux de croissance vegetative et de viabilite meiotique chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nous avons developpe une technique pour induire a facon des SV cibles dans le genome de S. cerevisiae, en induisant deux coupures simultanees dans le genome de S. cerevisiae avec CRISPR/Cas9 et a guider la reparation des cassures par recombinaison homologue avec des oligonucleotides chimeriques. Nous avons alors adapte cette technique pour induire en une etape un grand nombre de SV aleatoires. L’impact phenotypique des SV obtenus a ete quantifie en meiose et en croissance vegetative. Ces travaux montrent que meme des rearrangements chromosomiques balances n’affectant aucune phase codante generent une grande diversite phenotypique qui participe a l’adaptation des organismes a leur environnement.
Sistema de clasificación de deformaciones pédicas por procesamiento digital de imágenes y lógica difusa en LabVIEW

Resumen. En el presente trabajo se muestra el desarrollo de un sistema de clasificación de malformaciones pédicas usando procesamiento digital de imágenes en LabVIEW. El sistema funciona en tres etapas: captura de las imágenes del pie, procesamiento de las imágenes y clasificación. Para la toma de las imágenes se utilizaron webcams colocadas en la base de un andador de hierro con superficie de acrílico, de manera que se obtiene la planta del pie. Posteriormente, se umbraliza la imagen adquirida usando el rango de intensidad en la zona donde se ubica la huella del pie de manera que se obtiene la superficie que hace contacto con el acrílico al momento de la pisada. A partir de la huella se obtienen las medidas de la longitud del arco y del ancho del pie, desde los cuales se calcula el porcentaje de relación entre estas mediciones. Finalmente, este porcentaje se ingresa a un sistema de lógica difusa, pudiendo clasificar las deformaciones en pie plano, normal, cavo, cavo fuerte y cavo extremo. Este sistema disminuye el tiempo de respuesta para clasificación de la deformación pédica por parte del especialista y permite el desarrollo de un sistema de apoyo al diagnóstico de la malformación.
Research on the correlations between protein blood profile and muscle protein content in bovines.

Interpretation of the physiological status of bovines by means of blood biochemistry gives us information about the animal, the husbandry and maintenance technologies used, whose consequences are reflected on meat quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the protein blood profile and muscle proteins in bovines. The research material used was represented by bovines, belonging to races Fleckvieh, Pinzgauer and Black Spotted Romanian, which were slaughtered for sale as cut portions. From these animals blood and muscle samples were taken. The muscular tissue was represented by Longissimus dorsi, Semimembranosus, Triceps brachii, Rhomboideus muscle. The concentration of total blood proteins ranged from 9.38 g/dL in Pinzgauer females and 12.99 g/dL in Fleckvieh females. Blood albumin showed values of 5.53 g/dL in Fleckvieh males and 3.37 g/dL in Black Spotted Romanian females. Muscle protein content was higher at the Black Spotted Romanian race, both males and females, in the Triceps brachii and Rhomboideus muscles. The analysis of the obtained values indicates that at the bovines with high concentrations of total blood protein and albumin had a lower percentage of muscle protein.
The molecular genetic investigation of paediatric liver disease

Liver disease in children is rare but often serious, life long, and in many cases leads to death. Advances in diagnosing and treating liver disease (including liver transplant) have improved the outlook for children in many cases however little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of the disease, an understanding of which may identify specific therapeutic options. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the molecular genetics of rare liver disorders as the first step in advancing the understanding of liver disease pathogenesis. As a paediatric hepatologist I have identified cohorts of children in whom there is paucity of knowledge about the disease pathogenesis. I have studied three conditions in detail to encompass different clinical presentations. Chapter 3 summarises the investigation of the multisystem disorder, phenotypic diarrhoea of infancy (PDI), which causes cirrhosis or liver failure. Autozygosity mapping was used to identify the gene TTC37 in which mutations are associated with the PDI disease phenotype. Further work is now required to characterise TTC37, and use knockdown studies to identify whether TTC37 mutations are causative of the PDI phenotype. Chapter 4 describes the molecular genetic investigation of Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (JATD), a chondrodysplasia with extra skeletal manifestations including hepatic ductal plate malformation and renal cyst development. Using autozygosity mapping, IFT80 was dentified in which mutations are associated with the JATD disease phenotype in 4% of ases. The diverse linical phenotype of JATD limits the utility of utozygosity mapping s it suggests there is genetic heterogeneity. The identification of IFT80 has led to JATD eing classified as a ciliopathy. Chapter 5 is the first description of eonatal liver failure to be associated with variants in ABCB11 which previously have only been associated with chronic liver disease and liver disease in pregnancy. This thesis has described the identification of the molecular genetic basis of rare causes of paediatric liver disease which has provoked many additional research questions. Future work will be to extend our knowledge of molecular genetics to all aspects of paediatric liver physiology so to classify disease according to the molecular pathogenesis such as a ciliopathy or bile salt transport defect.
Continuous-flow separation of cells in a lab-on-a-chip using "liquid electrodes" and multiple-frequency dielectrophoresis

This thesis reports on the integration of continuous-flow cell separation method for lab-on-a-chip applications. Cell separation methods are widely used in biology to prepare samples prior to analysis. There is a need for a highly sensitive separation method that is capable to quickly isolate a particular cell type in a single manipulation step. We attempt to provide such a separation method that discriminates between cell types according to their dielectric properties such as the membrane permittivity and the cytoplasm conductivity. The dielectric properties are intrinsic to each cell type and thus prevent the need of a specific cell labeling as discriminating factor. To guaranty a high throughput, the cell separation method we propose is performed in a continuous flow. The continuous-flow cell separation method presented in this thesis makes use of electrical forces to achieve the separation of different cell types. Dielectrophoresis is a phenomenon that describes the electrical force exerted on a dielectric particle such as a biological cell in presence of a non-uniform AC electric field. The combination of several dielectrophoretic forces at multiple frequencies produces a distinct dielectric response for each cell type. The method is integrated into a microfluidic platform of 20 mm long by 15 mm wide. The microfabrication of the device consists of two successive steps of photolithography to define the metal electrodes in platinum and the microfluidic network in SU-8 photoresist. In the so-called separation chamber, an array of "liquid electrodes" is localized along the 20 µm deep central channel. The technological development of "liquid electrodes" allow us to produce horizontal dielectrophoretic force and the array of these electrodes opposes two fields of such forces. This opposition of two force fields defines an equilibrium position towards which the cells that flow through the central channel are focused. There is a relationship between the equilibrium position and the dielectric properties of the cells which allows a flow-through dielectric characterization of the cells by the cell position readout. Using this microfluidic platform that integrate a method of continuous-flow cell separation based on multiple-frequency dielectrophoresis, we succeeded in purifying fractions of viable and nonviable yeast cells that were initially mixed. Due to its sensitivity, the method also allowed to increase the infection rate of a cell culture up to 50% of parasitemia percentage, which facilitates the study of the parasite cycle. The method was finally applied to the biological issue of cell synchronization. By isolating cells that are at a particular phase within their cell cycle, our method prevents the use of metabolic agents in order to arrest a cell culture by disrupting the cell physiology. The synchronization method we proposed and based on multiplefrequency dielectrophoresis is to our best knowledge the most powerful one in terms of synchrony level reported so far.
The Molecular Genetics of Haemostasis and Its Inherited Disorders

Factor VIII and haemophilia A factor IX and haemophilia B factor VII factor X prothrombin protein C and protein C inhibitor protein S, C4-binding protein, and protein Z thrombomodulin factor V tissue factor tissue factor pathway inhibitor factor XI factor XII high molecular weight kininogen plasma pre-kallikrein fibrinogen factor XIII antithrombin III heparin cofactor II CI inhibitor histidine-rich glycoprotein placental anticoagulant proteins plasminogen tissue plasminogen activator plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 urokinase and its receptor a2-antiplasmin the von Willebrand factor and von Willebrand disease platelet membrane proteins platelet-secreted proteins thrombospondin.
Metabolism and Nutrition

Part I: Metabolic Processes and Nutrition 1. Overview of Metabolism 2. Carbohydrate and Energy Metabolism 3. Production of NADPH 4. Lipid Metabolism and Transport 5. Protein Metabolism 6. Purines, Pyrimidines and Haem 7. Glucose Homeostasis 8. Nutrition Part II: Clinical Assessment of Metabolic Disease 9. Common Presentations of Metabolic Disease 10. History and Examination 11. Further Investigations Part III: Self-assessment Multiple-choice Questions (MCQs) Short-answer Questions (SAQs) Essay Questions MCQ Answers SAQ Answers