Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parent-Reported Reasons for Nonreceipt of Recommended Adolescent Vaccinations, National Immunization Survey—Teen, 2009

Objectives: To identify parent-reported reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccinations by provider recommendation status. Methods: Parental reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccines were analyzed among adolescents 13-17 years using data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen (n=20,066). Results: Among unvaccinated adolescents, 87.9% (Td/Tdap), 90.9% (MenACWY), and 66.0% (HPV) of parents reported that they did not receive a healthcare provider recommendation for their adolescent to receive the vaccine. Among those without a provider recommendation, the most common reasons for not receiving the vaccines were ‘vaccine not recommended’ [Td/Tdap, MenACWY] and ‘not needed’ [HPV]. Among those with a recommendation, the most common parental reasons were ‘lack of knowledge’ [Td/Tdap], ‘vaccine not needed’ [MenACWY], and ‘lack of knowledge’ [HPV]. Conclusions: Non-receipt of provider recommendations was a main parent-reported reason for not getting vaccinated. Increasing parental knowledge and vaccination coverage through increased provider-parent communication about disease risk and vaccine benefits is needed.
Three-year investigation of the natural airborne bacterial flora at four localities in sweden

The concentration of airborne bacteria was recorded during a period of 3 years at four localities: (i) in an agricultural district with an average of 99 (range, 2 to 3,400) bacteria per m3; (ii) in a coastal area with an average of 63 (range, 0 to 560) bacteria per m3; (iii) in a city park with an average of 763 (range, 100 to 2,500) bacteria per m3; and (iv) in a city street with an average of 850 (range, 100 to 4,000) bacteria per m3. At all four localities the bacterial concentrations varied within broad limits, but an annual periodicity with high average counts found during summer and autumn could be seen. The influence of certain meteorological factors on the number of airborne bacteria is also reported. Rain or high relative humidity caused a decrease in the bacterial counts, while high temperature or high wind velocities increased the counts. The particle size distribution for the four localities showed that about 50% of the particles carrying bacteria were larger than 8 micrometer.
Towards a new hierarchical segmentation algorithm for SAR scenes

SAR scenes are different from optical satellite images, with a strange look for the non-specialists. The objects from the ground are sometimes difficult to be told apart, even by a trained eye. A well known trademark of the SAR scenes is the noisy like appearance (speckle or salt & pepper effect). What we demonstrate is that, even in these twisted conditions, a straightforward segmentation is still possible, if the initial scene is properly preprocessed and an adapted algorithm is applied.
Slide tracheoplasty applied to acquired subglottic and upper tracheal stenosis: an experimental study in a canine model.

OBJECTIVE To assess the applicability and complications of slide tracheoplasty in the management of subglottic and upper tracheal stenosis in experimental animals. DESIGN Subglottic stenosis was induced in 10 dogs by cauterizing the subglottic area and the upper 3 to 4 cm of the trachea. After 21 days, the severity of stenosis ranged from 30% to 60%. The subglottic area was reconstruction with slide tracheoplasty, and the results were evaluated at 4, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively. SUBJECTS Ten mongrel dogs (Canis familiaris) were included in the study, each weighing between 12 and 17 kg. INTERVENTION Slide tracheoplasty. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Patency of the reconstructed segment. RESULTS Follow-up examination revealed no airway obstruction in any animal. Examination of the reconstructed segment revealed good healing without granulation tissue and a patent endotracheal lumen in all cases. Histopathological examination of sections taken at the suture line confirmed complete healing without granulation tissue. CONCLUSIONS Slide tracheoplasty can be applied successfully to the subglottic area. It offers many advantages in tracheal reconstruction and can be used for the management of acquired subglottic stenosis. The vascularized tracheal cartilage heals without granulation tissue often seen after cartilage interposition grafts. Furthermore, this technique reduces the need for tracheal and laryngeal mobilization for the treatment of longer areas of stenosis.
Notice of RetractionNotice of RetractionOrganizational climate and its influence on organizational commitment: Case in Jakarta

The study was conducted to investigate the levels of the eight components of organizational climate study and 3 components of organizational commitment, which are on Organizational Design, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork, Decision Making, Culture, Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Affective Commitment, Continuance Commitment and Normative Commitment in XYZ Group in Jakarta Indonesia. A survey was being employed in which questionnaires were used to assess the studied construct. A quantitative analysis was conducted in which 150 employees from XYZ Group were asked to complete the survey instrument. The result of these study shows that there is moderate relationship between all the aspects of organizational climate and organizational commitment components.
Supply Constraints as a Market Friction: Evidence from an Online Labor Market

In some markets for services, buyers do not necessarily know whether their preferred seller has the capacity to take on a proposed project. Sellers are unlikely to advertise their true capacity because buyer inquiries and offers are valuable to sellers, even if they are not pursued. This information asymmetry about seller capacity and the effect it has on the formation of matches is the focus of this paper. Using data from an online labor market, I show that sellers are more likely to “reject” interested buyers when those sellers have more proposals to choose from and that this relationship is likely to be causal. These seller rejections appear to be consequential: I find that when the first seller pursued by a buyer rejects that buyer, the probability the buyer ultimately forms a match (with some other seller) is substantially lowered. I show with an instrumental variables analysis that this reduction in match formation from rejection is causal. The key implication of the empirical findings is that even in a thick marketplace with low technical search costs, information asymmetries about seller capacity are important.
pH and fecal microflora of healthy adults.

The fecal pH in 100 specimens from healthy adults varied from 4.5 to 7.8 (mean 5.7). Microorganisms isolated were similar to those reported in other series (JPMA: 31:42, 1981). PMRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi.
The role of ROSA navigated intracranial electrode implantation technique on precise epileptogenic zone localization

To evaluate the role of ROSA (Robotized Stereotactic Assistant) navigated intracranial electrode implantation on precise epileptogenic zone localization, 40 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy between March 2012 and September 2013 underwent the procedure. Demographics, noninvasive clinical data, complications and seizure-control outcome after resection were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Of the 40 patients surveyed, 29 underwent unilateral implantation, 11 underwent bilateral implantation. 1 patient experienced an intracranial hematoma caused by the implantation, while the remaining patients underwent the prolonged video-EEG (VEEG) monitoring with no complications. Electrodes were preserved, on average, for 11.4 days ( range 4-34 days); Observed clinical seizures, on average, were 9.9 times per patient (range 2-38 times); There were no cerebrospinal fluid leak, Intracranial hematoma, electrodes fracture or patient death, except 1 patient scalp infection (2.6%, scalp infection rate); 37 patients’ seizure onset area was precisely localized; 32 patients underwent stereo-electroencephalography or coagulation (SEEG)-guide resection or coagulation and were followed up for more than 6 months.
Fatty-Acid–Induced Apoptosis in Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells

The unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid and arachidonic acid induced typical apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells harvested at the stationary growth phase. Arachidonic acid was a more potent inducer than oleic acid. Apoptosis was induced by concentrations of oleic and arachidonic acids that produced only partial uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation. The first symptoms of fatty-acid–induced apoptosis included externalization of phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane, whereas massive release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol followed later on.
Combination of Salermide and Cholera Toxin B Induce Apoptosis in MCF-7 but Not in MRC-5 Cell Lines

Background: Sirtuin1 is an enzyme that deacetylates histones and several non-histone proteins including P53 during the stress. P300 is a member of the histone acetyl transferase family and enzyme that acetylates histones. Hereby, this study describes the potency combination of Salermide as a Sirtuin1 inhibitor and cholera toxin B (CTB) as a P300 activator to induce apoptosis Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and MRC-5. Methods: Cells were cultured and treated with a combination of Salermide and CTB respectively at concentrations of 80.56 and 85.43 μmol/L based on inhibitory concentration 50 indexes at different times. The percentage of apoptotic cells were measured by flow cytometry. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to estimate the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of Sirtuin1 and P300 in cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Bradford protein techniques were used to detect the endogenous levels of total and acetylated P53 protein generated in both cell lines. Results: Our findings indicated that the combination of two drugs could effectively induced apoptosis in MCF-7 significantly higher than MRC-5. We showed that expression of Sirtuin1 and P300 was dramatically down-regulated with increasing time by the combination of Salermide and CTB treatment in MCF-7, but not MRC-5. The acetylated and total P53 protein levels were increased more in MCF-7 than MRC-5 with incubated combination of drugs at different times. Combination of CTB and Salermide in 72 h through decreasing expression of Sirtuin1 and P300 genes induced acetylation of P53 protein and consequently showed the most apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, but it could be well-tolerated in MRC-5. Conclusion: Therefore, combination of drugs could be used as an anticancer agent.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF SMES, BEST BUSINESS PRACTICES FOR ACHIEVING WORLD-CLASS STATUS, THE LINK BETWEEN BUSINESS & REGION

This is a three-essay dissertation that examines the effects of objective aspects of business organizational culture and the region on objective measures of the outcomes of sustainable competitive advantage. The first essay examines the association of objective aspects of business organizational culture on objective measures of sustainable competitive advantage. The first essay recommends that firms increase the number of training hours devoted annually to each employee and increase the percentage of production employees participating in empowered work teams. The second essay describes a conceptual model and provides recommendations for best business practices for manufacturing firms that realize the ultimate ability to generate competitive advantage when their resources are exposed to global market processes. The third essay explores the link between the firm and the region. This essay recommends economic development policy makers and business leaders to consider new business models that take advantage of regional economies in order to stay competitive.
2-2 Ad hoc based emergency communications models for wide-scale disaster management

As severe disasters e.g. earthquake, hurricanes might destroy telecommunication infrastructure, an efficient communication system is needed in disaster areas in order to exchange information between rescues teams, between victims and rescue staffs etc. Victims use the system to access emergency information and communication services e.g. victim information database [1]. Because the deployment of emergency communication systems has to be fast and flexible, wired communication technologies are not suitable because they require many days to establish communication infrastructure. Communication systems for emergency and disaster management should base on wireless technologies such as 3G cellular [2][3], WiMAX [4]. Mobile ad hoc communications is considered as an efficient method for emergency communications in disaster areas because of its self-organizing and fast deployment capabilities. Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) face the problem of scalability in terms of throughput when the network size increases. In wide scale disaster areas, the number of mobile nodes might be very high thus that would cause the degradation of network throughput. Another problem is the connection availability i.e. not all mobile nodes can be reached in the area of low user density. In 2-2 Ad Hoc Based Emergency Communications Models for Wide-Scale Disaster Management
Net-in-Net: Interaction Modeling for Smart Community Cyber-Physical System

Cyber-physical system (CPS) integrates physics with Internet to provide a timely, confidential and efficient interaction of physical appliances with people. However, as a CPS Application, Smart Home still has difficulties in building a centralized interaction for remote monitoring. The paper presents the interaction model of Smart Community Cyber-Physical System (SCCPS) with the name Net-in-Net. The proposed model interaction is organized as a Wireless Sensor Network with Zigbee and GPRS technologies. Furthermore, B/S and C/S mixed mode is used as the architecture of remote interaction. After that a Cyber Protocol of application layer is proposed. Such model is supposed to provide a smart home interaction of high Security, reliability, stability and timeliness.
Beam steering for circular switched parasitic arrays using a combinational approach

In this paper we present a method of electronic beam steering for circular switched parasitic array (SPA) antennas. In circular SPA antennas, one achieves azimuth beam steering by open-circuiting and short-circuiting different parasitic elements, usually with only one parasitic element open-circuited at a time. For the SPA antenna with few parasitic elements, this results in low azimuth beam steering resolution. In the proposed method, we iterate through different combinations of parasitic elements and the possible switch states of the lumped impedance loads connected to the parasitic elements. Our method aims to increase the azimuth beam steering resolution of the circular SPA antennas. The method is verified using a combination of simulation (using both MATLAB and WIPL-D) and a SPA antenna prototype implementation. The MATLAB code uses the induced EMF method, while the WIPL-D uses the Methods of Moment (MoM) for solving the antenna impedances. The three sets of results (simulations and measurement) match very well at 2.4 GHz. The results indicate the availability of more options (different loading configurations) for electronic beam switching that can be adopted to improve the beam steering resolution of circular SPA antennas.
Eating behavior in Prader-Willi syndrome, normal weight, and obese control groups.

OBJECTIVE Hyperphagia in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is hypothesized to be due to hypothalamic dysfunction; thus the study of individuals with PWS might illustrate how hypothalamic dysfunction affects eating behavior. The aim of this study was to document the microstructure of the eating behavior in patients with PWS and to compare it with that of members of obese and normal weight control groups of the same age. STUDY DESIGN Nine subjects with PWS (age, 10 +/- 4 years), 20 normal weight subjects (age, 12 +/- 3 years), and 20 obese subjects (age, 12 +/- 4 years) were served an excess lunch meal (hash) on a hidden scale built into a table and connected to a computer. The plate of food is placed on top of the scale, and when the food is eaten, the change in food weight is registered continuously. An eating curve is displayed online. After the meal, the eating data are fitted to a polynomial, and the computer calculates the amount of food eaten, time of consumption, eating rate (initial and total), and rate of deceleration. RESULTS Subjects with PWS were found to have a longer duration of eating (P =.04) and a slower initial eating rate (P =. 01) compared with members of both obese and normal weight groups. In subjects with PWS, 56% of the eating curves were non-decelerating (linear or accelerating) compared with 10% of the normal weight group and 30% of the obese group (P =.02). CONCLUSION The microstructure of the eating behavior in subjects with PWS differs from that of members of obese and normal weight control groups. Thus the eating behavior found in subjects with PWS might be due to decreased satiation rather than increased hunger.
Introduction to electronic government: Development and adoption

GENERAL Al Gore, former Vice President of the USA, has said: " In this fast-moving, fast-changing global economy — when the free flow of dollars and data are the source of economic and political strength, and whole new industries are born every day—governments must be lean, nimble, and creative, or they will surely be left behind " (Al Gore, 1993). This was the mission of EG when it was first introduced in the era of the fierce proliferation of information and communication technology (ICT). As a new and rapidly growing field, the concepts and theories of EG are still being developed. Researchers from different disciplines – such as political science, information systems, ABSTRACT This chapter is a general introduction to the development and adoption of Electronic-Government or e-government (EG). It addresses the background of EG, its origin and importance, stages of growth, and stakeholders. To be better able to conceptualize the functions, characteristics, and development stages of EG, some related issues, concepts, and paradigms must be understood. This chapter, designed to fill that need, deals with the introductory concepts of EG and related issues. It consists of four sections; section 3 has two subsections .
Australia's Resource Rent Tax: The Multi-National Mining Industry Response

In July 2010, the Australian Government revised its resource rent tax policy as a result of closed and intense negotiations with multinational mining organisations. The industry used traditional financial analysis techniques to evaluate the tax and inform its position, which excluded consideration of sustainability. The aim of this article is to investigate the reasons for the Australian mining industry’s use of narrow evaluation techniques through a comparative analysis of the financial techniques adopted. Community expectations in relation to non-financial analysis and reporting by business have also been considered, from a textual analysis of case studies and the perspective of institutional theory. Findings indicate that the mining industry’s reliance on traditional financial techniques for tax policy evaluation points to the rigid parameters adopted in the tax reform discourse, to the detriment of both small mining organisations and the wider community. The textual analysis shows that rhetoric in sustainability reports is used to affirm organisational leadership in sustainability; however, the sustainability reports’ content would seem to undermine the normative obligation that the mining industry can only use financial techniques to evaluate tax impact on projects. The special consideration the Australian Government gave to multinational miners may be seen as a minoritarian bias in its tax policy setting.
Functional and Regulatory Characteristics of Eukaryotic Type II DNA Topoisomerase

DNA topoisomerases are ubiquitous nuclear enzymes that govern the topo-logical interconversions of DNA by transiently breaking/rejoining the phosphodiester backbone of one (type I) or both (type II) strands of the double helix. Consistent with these functions, topoisomerases play key roles in many aspects of DNA metabolism. Type II DNA topoisomerase (topo II) is vital for various nuclear processes, including DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and maintenance of chromosome structure. Topo II expression is regulated at multiple stages, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels, by a multitude of signaling factors. Topo II is also the cellular target for a variety of clinically relevant anti-tumor drugs. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the role of topo II in diverse nuclear processes, several important aspects of topo II function, expression, and regulation are poorly understood. We have focused this review specifically on eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II, with an emphasis on functional and regulatory characteristics.
Metabolisable energy value and digestibility of fat and fatty acids in linseed determined with growing broiler chickens

1. In the first experiment, the AME N of linseed was evaluated at rates of 40, 80, 160 and 240 g/kg in a basal diet with broiler chickens aged 28 d using the total collection method. 2. Increasing the concentration of linseed decreased the AME N of diet, from 11.78 to 8.75 MJ/kg DM, and AME N of linseed, from 16.64 to -2.96 MJ/kg DM. The negative values clearly indicated that linseed interacted with the other dietary ingredients and impaired their energy utilisation. 3. In the second experiment, a semipurified diet with graded addition of linseed (80, 120, 160 and 240 g/kg DM) was evaluated for crude fat and fatty acid apparent digestibilities. The coefficients decreased from 0.602 to 0.359 for crude fat and from 0.661 to 0.352 for individual fatty acids as the level of linseed increased. 4. In both experiments, a quadratic regression model explained the relationship between data better than the linear model. 5. The presence of mucilage and other antinutritional factors in linseed might explain the results obtained in this study.
Control flow aware software-implemented fault injection for embedded CPUs

Fault injection is a highly used technique to test fault-tolerant embedded systems. We present a new software-implemented fault injection process to deterministically inject control flow errors in embedded CPUs. The proposed process analyses the disassembly file of the program acting on the embedded CPUs to construct the correct control flow. Once known, this information is used to deterministically inject intra-block, inter-block and out-of-function errors. To conclude, we discuss how our process can aid in performing a vulnerability analysis for a target algorithm.