Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Venus Reconsidered

The Magellan imagery shows that Venus has a crater abundance equivalent to a surface age of 300 million to 500 million years and a crater distribution close to random. Hence, the tectonics of Venus must be quiescent compared to those of Earth in the last few 100 million years. The main debate is whether the decline in tectonic activity on Venus is closer to monotonic or episodic, with enhanced tectonism and volcanism yet to come. The former hypothesis implies that most radioactive heat sources have been differentiated upward; the latter, that they have remained at depth. The low level of activity in the last few 100 million years inferred from imagery favors the monotonic hypothesis; some chemical evidence, particularly the low abundance of radiogenic argon, favors the episodic. A problem for both hypotheses is the rapid decline of thermal and tectonic activity some 300 million to 500 million years ago. The nature of the convective instabilities that caused the decline, and their propagation, are unclear.
Pulmonary Nodule Detection in CT Images: False Positive Reduction Using Multi-View Convolutional Networks

We propose a novel Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system for pulmonary nodules using multi-view convolutional networks (ConvNets), for which discriminative features are automatically learnt from the training data. The network is fed with nodule candidates obtained by combining three candidate detectors specifically designed for solid, subsolid, and large nodules. For each candidate, a set of 2-D patches from differently oriented planes is extracted. The proposed architecture comprises multiple streams of 2-D ConvNets, for which the outputs are combined using a dedicated fusion method to get the final classification. Data augmentation and dropout are applied to avoid overfitting. On 888 scans of the publicly available LIDC-IDRI dataset, our method reaches high detection sensitivities of 85.4% and 90.1% at 1 and 4 false positives per scan, respectively. An additional evaluation on independent datasets from the ANODE09 challenge and DLCST is performed. We showed that the proposed multi-view ConvNets is highly suited to be used for false positive reduction of a CAD system.
Simplified computation in memoryless anti-collision RFID identification protocols

A memoryless-based Collision window Tree plus (CwT+ ) protocol for simplified computation in anti-collision radio frequency identification (RFID) is proposed and presented. The CwT+ makes effective use of a threshold to accurately enhance bit-tracking and in turn lowers the identification time of the communication response. The threshold limits the bitstream of responding tags in an accurate fashion for simplified computation in the interrogation procedure. Simulation results show the outperformance of the CwT+ compared with earlier protocols.
Characterizing Generalization Algorithms - First Guidelines for Data Publishers

Many techniques, such as generalization algorithms have been proposed to ensure data anonymization before publishing. However, data publishers may feel unable to choose the best algorithm given their specific context. In this position paper, we describe synthetically the main generalization algorithms focusing on their constraints and their advantages. Then we discuss the main criteria that can be used to choose the best algorithm given a context. Two use cases are proposed, illustrating guidelines to help data holders choosing an algorithm. Thus we contribute to knowledge management in the field of anonymization algorithms. The approach can be applied to select an algorithm among other anonymization techniques (micro-aggregation, swapping, etc.) and even first to select a technique.
ARID5B genetic polymorphisms contribute to racial disparities in the incidence and treatment outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PURPOSE Recent genome-wide screens have identified genetic variations in ARID5B associated with susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We sought to determine the contribution of ARID5B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to racial disparities in ALL susceptibility and treatment outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We compared the association between ARID5B SNP genotype and ALL susceptibility in whites (> 95% European genetic ancestry; 978 cases and 1,046 controls) versus in Hispanics (> 10% Native American ancestry; 330 cases and 541 controls). We determined the relationships between ARID5B SNP genotype and ALL relapse risk in 1,605 children treated on the Children's Oncology Group (COG) P9904/9905 clinical trials. RESULTS Among 49 ARID5B SNPs interrogated, 10 were significantly associated with ALL susceptibility in both whites and Hispanics (P < .05), with risk alleles consistently more frequent in Hispanics than in whites. rs10821936 exhibited the most significant association in both races (P = 8.4 × 10(-20) in whites; P = 1 × 10(-6) in Hispanics), and genotype at this SNP was highly correlated with local Native American genetic ancestry (P = 1.8 × 10(-8)). Multivariate analyses in Hispanics identified an additional SNP associated with ALL susceptibility independent of rs10821936. Eight ARID5B SNPs were associated with both ALL susceptibility and relapse hazard; the alleles related to higher ALL incidence were always linked to poorer treatment outcome and were more frequent in Hispanics. CONCLUSION ARID5B polymorphisms are important determinants of childhood ALL susceptibility and treatment outcome, and they contribute to racial disparities in this disease.
Balanced task allocation in the on‐demand computing‐based transaction processing system using social spider optimization

Balanced task allocation is one of the methods that can be used to maximize the performance and reliability in the on‐demand computing‐based transaction processing system. On‐demand computing is an increasingly popular enterprise model. It provides computing resources to the user as needed, which may be maintained within the user's enterprise, or made available by a service provider. The balanced task allocation in such environment is known to be an NP hard. The reliability is a measure of trustworthiness of the system while executing the task. So we derive the reliability formula for the on‐demand computing‐based transaction processing system considering resource availability. We propose the balanced task allocation based on social spider optimization (LBTA_SSO) method for this problem. The LBTA_SSO is based on the cooperative behavior of social‐spiders to find a collection of task allocation solutions. We modified five existing algorithms to obtain the task allocation algorithms; Honey Bee Optimization (HBO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Hierarchical Load Balanced Algorithm (HLBA), Dynamic and Decentralized Load Balancing (DLB), and Randomized Algorithm respectively. Then, we compared the proposed algorithm with these modified algorithms. The results show that our algorithm works better than the modified existing algorithms.
Online multi-step-ahead time series prediction based on LSSVR using UKF with sliding-windows

Accurate multi-step-ahead prediction over long future horizons posts great challenges for the application of time series prediction. A novel online multi-step-ahead prediction method based on least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) is proposed in this paper. Taken the superiorities of using sliding-windows to reduce largely computation burden and implementing LSSVR model updating by Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) into consideration, the proposed method not only can construct online predicted model in much fewer training data (such as the size of original training data set required is only the sum of embedding dimension corresponding to phase-space-reconstruction and the length of sliding-windows), but also has the better accuracy over multi-step-ahead prediction. When the prediction horizon reached the predefined step p in the process of predicting, model parameters consisted of kernel width σ, support values {αk}k=1L and bias term b are updated by new arrived measurements and UKF. Finally, several simulations are provided to show the validity and applicability of the proposed method.
Governance of Creditor's Rights Evaluation and Enterprise Growth of SMEs:An Empirical Study Based on Listed SMEs in China

The governance of creditor's rights plays the core role in the corporate governance evaluation system.This paper,on the basis of the review of literatures in China and abroad,constructs the evaluation index to measure and assess creditor's rights governance of the listed small and medium enterprises in China,and makes an empirical study on the governance situation of 205 Chinese listed SMEs from four foundational dimensions,namely,solvency,debt financing level,assets maturity structure and debt maturity structure.And from the perspective of enterprise characteristics differences,we give group studies on the state of governance.Meanwhile,the paper matching with the growth evaluation system of listed SMEs,and makes a comprehensive and regression research on the two evaluation indices.The results show that the overall governance of creditor's rights in China is poor.There are big differences in different ownerships.The governance index and the growth index have an inverted U-shaped relationship.High solvency and low debt financing are all harm to enterprise growth,the unbalanced structure of debt and asset maturity doesn't impact the growth significantly.The size,quality and effective income tax rate are the most important features of influencing the governance and growth.
Seasonal variations as predictive factors of the comet assay parameters: a retrospective study

Since there are several predicting factors associated with the comet assay parameters, we have decided to assess the impact of seasonal variations on the comet assay results. A total of 162 volunteers were retrospectively studied, based on the date when blood donations were made. The groups (winter, spring, summer and autumn) were matched in terms of age, gender, smoking status, body mass index and medical diagnostic exposure in order to minimise the impact of other possible predictors. Means and medians of the comet assay parameters were higher when blood was sampled in the warmer period of the year, the values of parameters being the highest during summer. Correlation of meteorological data (air temperature, sun radiation and sun insolation) was observed when data were presented as the median per person. Using multivariate analysis, sampling season and exposure to medical radiation were proved to be the most influential predictors for the comet assay parameters. Taken together, seasonal variation is another variable that needs to be accounted for when conducting a cohort study. Further studies are needed in order to improve the statistical power of the results related to the impact of sun radiation, air temperature and sun insolation on the comet assay parameters.
Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Garlic with Gliclazide and Ramipril on Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Rats

A B S T R A C T Concurrent therapy of herbs with conventional regimen has been extensively reported for alleviating morbidities such as diabetes and cardiac manifestations. One of unique natural remedy that carry abundant potential for ameliorating wide varieties of ailment is garlic. Present research was designed to explore the role of garlic in obviating myocardial dysfunction in diabetic animals, when combined with ramipril and/or gliclazide. Diabetic Sprague Dawley rats received garlic (250 mg kgG 1 ), ramipril (1 mg kgG 1 ) and gliclazide (10 mg kgG 1 ) orally either alone or in combination in their respective groups. At the end of treatment, heart was excised; mounted on modified Langendorff's set-up; perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution and subjected to ischemia reperfusion injury. Significantly increased percentage recovery was recorded in heart rate and developed tension during post-ischemia in all treated animals, when compared to diabetic group. Further, depleted Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were substantially inclined in treated groups. Furthermore, combination of garlic with ramipril was most effective in reverting the ischemic damage, whereas, garlic with gliclazide prevent beta cell degeneration. Moreover, histopathological observations validated biochemical and hemodynamic findings. To conclude, this preliminary observation in animals reveals the beneficial role of adding garlic to conventional regimen of gliclazide and ramipril. Further, a careful clinical evaluation of above combination would provide us an opportunity to standardize and implement in cardiovascular disease management in diabetic patient.
Recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from cDNA and construction of subgroup A and B chimeric RSV.

Infectious human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was produced from a cDNA clone that contains 15,222 nucleotides of RSV genome derived from the A2 strain of subgroup A. Recovery of infectious RSV from cDNA required cotransfection of only three expression plasmids encoding the nucleoprotein (N), the phosphoprotein (P), and the major polymerase protein (L). Inclusion of the M2-1 plasmid was not required in the transfection reaction and if included did not significantly increase the rescue efficiency. However, a single nucleotide substitution in the RSV leader region (C to G at position 4 in the antigenomic sense), greatly increased the amount of infectious virus recovered from cDNA. A recombinant RSVA2 virus that expresses an additional structural G protein derived from a subgroup B RSV was also obtained. Both A2 and B strain G glycoproteins were expressed in cells infected with the chimeric RSV. A chimeric RSV that expresses a heterologous subgroup antigen in a live attenuated vaccine candidate may be important for prevention of diseases associated with both RSV subgroup A and subgroup B infection.
Optical spectroscopy study of damage induced in 4H-SiC by swift heavy ion irradiation

Single crystals of 4H-SiC were irradiated with swift heavy ions (332 MeV Ti, 106 MeV Pb and 2.7 GeV U) in the electronic energy loss regime. The resulting damage was investigated with UV–visible optical absorption spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The evolution of the Raman data with fluence shows an accumulation of isolated point defects without amorphization of the material and a partial recrystallization of the structure, but only at the lowest fluence. Furthermore, the longitudinal optical phonon–plasmon coupling mode disappears upon irradiation, suggesting a strong perturbation of the electronic structure. This evolution is consistent with the optical bandgap decrease and the Urbach edge broadening that was also previously observed for the irradiation with 4 MeV Au ions.
Selective nano-injection using nano-probe based on Nanomanipulation under hybrid microscope

This paper presents a novel selective nano-injection method by fluorescent nanoprobe insertion based on Nanomanipulation under hybrid microscope. The hybrid microscope is designed to combine the optical microscope (OM) and environmental-scanning electron microscope (E-SEM) to realize biological specimen analysis by optical imaging including fluorescent imaging, and nano-scale manipulation by E-SEM imaging. Based on the bio-nano manipulation system, we propose a nano-injection method by fluorescent nanoprobe insertion. The fluorescent nanoprobe is needed to observe nanoprobe by OM. The nanoprobe is designed to have a sharp tip to insert the probe into biological specimen. It is fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) process. The nano-scale size is important for minimal damage to biological specimen. The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is used as a target biological specimen, which is one of the important model organism for diseases analysis. The nanoinjection technique is needed to transport fluorescent materials or specific biological organism into specific cell for in-vivo experiment. The proposed system is considered to be important as future nano-surgery system for life innovation using model organism.
During Drosophila disc regeneration, JAK/STAT coordinates cell proliferation with Dilp8-mediated developmental delay

Significance The larval imaginal discs of the fruit fly are capable of fully regenerating mechanically damaged parts. Wound healing is initiated by the JNK signaling pathway. We followed the subsequent formation of the regenerating blastema by transcriptome profiling and identified the JAK/STAT pathway as a central regulatory node controlling local cellular and global physiological responses. This signaling cascade induces, together with the Wingless pathway, proliferation of cells forming the blastema. However, JAK/STAT also up-regulates Drosophila insulin-like peptide 8 (Dilp8), a paracrine factor involved in organismal developmental delay, thereby allowing regenerative recovery. Regeneration of fragmented Drosophila imaginal discs occurs in an epimorphic manner involving local cell proliferation at the wound site. After disc fragmentation, cells at the wound site activate a restoration program through wound healing, regenerative cell proliferation, and repatterning of the tissue. However, the interplay of signaling cascades driving these early reprogramming steps is not well-understood. Here, we profiled the transcriptome of regenerating cells in the early phase within 24 h after wounding. We found that JAK/STAT signaling becomes activated at the wound site and promotes regenerative cell proliferation in cooperation with Wingless (Wg) signaling. In addition, we showed that the expression of Drosophila insulin-like peptide 8 (dilp8), which encodes a paracrine peptide to delay the onset of pupariation, is controlled by JAK/STAT signaling in early regenerating discs. Our findings suggest that JAK/STAT signaling plays a pivotal role in coordinating regenerative disc growth with organismal developmental timing.
Enthesopathy and tendinopathy in gout: computed tomographic assessment.

OBJECTIVE: To establish if computed tomography (CT) imaging, which has proved helpful in detecting intra-articular tophi in gout, can also be used to document gouty enthesopathy and tendinopathy. METHODS: Three patients with tophaceous gout and clinical involvement of the Achilles tendon (two cases) or patellar tendon (one case) were assessed with CT examination and plain radiographs. RESULTS: In the first two cases, CT images revealed linear or nodular high attenuation opacities within the substance of the Achilles tendons and their calcaneal insertion. In case 3, dense linear opacities were seen within the patellar tendon and within its tibial insertion. No such opacities of the tendons and entheses were seen on standard radiographs of these patients. CONCLUSIONS: CT appears to be the imaging method of choice for demonstrating monosodium urate deposits in entheses and tendons in tophaceous gout.
The challenge of sudden death in dialysis patients.

A 60-yr-old patient with ESRD (82 kg/168 cm), hypertension for the previous 18 yr, and type 2 diabetes is found dead in bed by his wife at home on a Saturday morning. The patient's history is notable for having started dialysis 34 weeks previously. His last dialysis had been the previous day (on a Friday afternoon). Predialysis potassium had been 5.7 mmol/L, the dialysate K+ was 2.0 mmol/L, and Mg2+ was 0.5 mmol/L. Autopsy was not performed. Before his morbid event, the patient had been doing well on dialysis. He had less than 6 episodes of hypotension (<100 mmHg) per month. His average predialytic weight gain was 4 kg, and, with fluctuations, his average predialysis BP was 155/65 mmHg. While continuing on gliquidone (an oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drug that does not accumulate in renal failure), he had no episodes of hypoglycemia, and his last glycosylated hemoglobin level was 7.2%. His medical history is of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with an ejection fraction of 55%. His electrocardiogram showed signs of LVH and flat T waves. He had no history of hypoglycemic episodes and no evidence of retinopathy. He reported no episodes of arrhythmia or precordial pain. A predialysis chest x-ray 2 wk before the terminal event had shown pulmonary congestion. His medications included 0.25 μg/d calcitriol, calcium carbonate, 10 mg of folate, 80 mg of verapamil, and no β blockers. In addition, he received varying doses of darbepoietin and iron gluconate as required. He did not receive a statin. Dr. Eberhard Ritz: This case, unfortunately, is the usual presentation of patients on dialysis who succumb to sudden death: There are few, if any, specific premonitory symptoms or signs, cardiac standstill is usually the presenting symptom, and autopsy is not performed, so more specific information …
Empirical Study of Relationship of Quality and Customer Satisfaction with Price Tolerance

The customer satisfaction has become the hot subject for the business management theory and its practical research in the new Century.For the perspective of customers' price tolerance,this paper studies the benefit customer satisfaction will create for the enterprise and takes a step further to compare the different influences of customer satisfaction on price tolerance in terms of products of different brands.the empirical study shows that customer satisfaction,product quality and service quality all play an obviously positive impact on price tolerance and the higher the service quality,the higher influence customer satisfaction will play on price tolerance.
The prevalence of potentially abusive behaviours in family caregiving: findings from a national survey of family carers of older people.

BACKGROUND family caregiving can be both rewarding and fulfilling; however, conflicts can occur in the caregiving relationship, and some family carers may engage in behaviours that could be potentially harmful to the older person for whom them provide care. OBJECTIVE to determine the prevalence of potentially abusive behaviours towards older people by family carers. DESIGN a postal cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of family carers of community-dwelling older people. SUBJECTS a randomly selected sample of family carers in receipt of a social welfare payment for the care they provide to a relative aged 65 and older. METHODS a self-completion questionnaire was posted to 4,000 family carers of older people across Ireland, and a total of 2,311 eligible completed questionnaires were returned, yielding a response rate of 58%. RESULTS more than a third of family carers (36.8%) reported that they engaged in potentially harmful behaviours towards their older family member in the 3 months prior to the survey. Of those potentially harmful behaviours, a third (35.9%) reported that they engaged in potentially harmful psychological behaviours and 8% reported engaging in potentially harmful physical behaviours. CONCLUSIONS potentially abusive carer behaviours need to be detected at an early stage so that preventive interventions can be introduced to avert caregiving situations deteriorating into serious cases of elder abuse.