Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia inducible factor-1-dependent up-regulation of BMP4 mediates hypoxia-induced increase of TRPC expression in PASMCs.

AIMS Previously we demonstrated that both hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) up-regulate transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 1 and TRPC6, resulting in increased basal intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), driving development of chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH). This study aims to determine whether HIF-1 regulates BMP4, and whether BMP4 mediates TRPC and basal [Ca(2+)]i increases in hypoxic PASMCs. METHODS AND RESULTS The level of BMP4 mature protein was increased for ∼183% in distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle (PA) from CH (10% O2 for 21 days; CH) exposed rats, and 143% in PASMCs cultured under prolonged hypoxia (4% O2 for 60 h). In rat PASMCs, HIF-1α overexpression up-regulated, whereas HIF-1α knockdown under hypoxia decreased BMP4 expression; site-mutation identified two functional HIF-1-binding sites in Bmp4 gene promoter; noggin or BMP4 siRNA treatment blocked hypoxia-induced increases of TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression and basal [Ca(2+)]i. Likewise, in mice, exposure to CH increased BMP4 expression in distal PA for ∼80%, which was absent in HIF-1α heterozygous mutant mice. Comparing with wild-type littermates, BMP4 heterozygous mutant mice exposed to CH displayed lower BMP4 and TRPC levels in PA, decreased basal [Ca(2+)]i in PASMCs, and attenuated CHPH. In human PASMCs, HIF-1α knockdown attenuated hypoxia-induced BMP4 expression and knockdown of either HIF-1α or BMP4 abolished hypoxia-induced TRPC expression and basal [Ca(2+)]i. CONCLUSIONS BMP4 acts downstream of HIF-1 and mediates hypoxia-induced up-regulation of TRPC, leading to increased basal [Ca(2+)]i in PASMCs, promoting CHPH pathogenesis.
EFFECT OF CERTAIN YOGIC ASANAS ON THE PELVIC CONGESTION AND IT'S ANATOMY

20 patient including 6 females and 14 males, between 20 years to 30 years of age, with complaints of chronic constipation refractory to various treatments by medicines, belching, sense of heaviness in the lower abdomen or pelvic region, offensive discharge from vagina (leucorrhoea) and bleeding per rectum with discomfort in the region of perineum were observed under instructions and supervision to practice certain yogic exercises for a period of three years. Viparitakarani, Goraksa asana, Uddyana Bandha and Mula Bandha (Nauli, Perineal Shrug) when practiced, relieved these patients were asked not to take any purgatives or laxatives. It was concluded from the present study that these complaints which can be ascribed to poor hemodynamics in the region of pelvis and perineum disappeared and patients showed obvious improvement after practicing these Asanas which reduced pelvic congestion and increased blood flow to the pelvic viscera i.e rectum, anal canal, prostate, uterus, vagina and levator ani and perineal muscles
Molecular Imaging of Early αvβ3 Integrin Expression Predicts Long-Term Left-Ventricle Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Rats

18F-galacto-RGD (18F-RGD) is a PET tracer binding to αvβ3 integrin receptors that are upregulated after myocardial infarction (MI) as part of the healing process. We studied whether myocardial 18F-RGD uptake early after MI is associated with long-term left-ventricle (LV) remodeling in a rat model. Methods: Wistar rats underwent sham operation (n = 9) or permanent coronary ligation (n = 25). One week after MI, rats were injected with 18F-RGD to evaluate αvβ3 integrin expression using a preclinical PET system. In the same rats, LV volumes and defect size were measured 1 and 12 wk after MI by 13N-ammonia PET and MRI, respectively. Results: One week after MI, 18F-RGD uptake was increased in the defect area as compared with the remote myocardium of MI rats or sham-operated controls (percentage injected dose per cubic centimeter, 0.20 ± 0.05 vs. 0.06 ± 0.03 and 0.07 ± 0.04, P < 0.001). At this time, 18F-RGD uptake was associated with capillary density in histologic sections. Average 18F-RGD uptake in the defect area was lowest in the rats demonstrating greater than 20% relative increase in the LV end-diastolic volume from 1 to 12 wk (percentage injected dose per centimeter cubed, 0.15 ± 0.07 vs. 0.21 ± 0.05, P < 0.05). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, low 18F-RGD uptake was a significant predictor of increase in end-diastolic volume (r = 0.51, P < 0.05). Conclusion: High levels of 18F-RGD uptake in the perfusion defect area early after MI were associated with the absence of significant LV remodeling after 12 wk of follow-up. These results suggest that αvβ3 integrin expression is a potential biomarker of myocardial repair processes after MI and enables the monitoring of these processes by molecular imaging to derive possible prognostic information.
A case of wolff‐parkinson‐white syndrome: Conduction through the kent bundle seems to depend on the serum potassium level

A 72‐year‐old man with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome and sick sinus syndrome had colon cancer, suggesting that the conduction of the Kent bundle depends on the serum potassium level. Because of severe diarrhea or furosemide administration, the serum potassium level in this patient was sometimes low. When it was less than 3.0 mEq/1 delta wave or re‐entrant tachycardia via the Kent bundle occurred. These were suppressed by the administration of potassium. On the other hand, when the serum potassium level was normal or high, neither effect was noted, and electrophysiological studies, done when the level was 3.2 mEq/1, showed no evidence of conduction by the accessory pathway. This suggests that conduction through the Kent bundle depends on the serum potassium level.
THE ROLE'S OF SERVICE QUALITY DIMENSION AND PERCEIVED VALUES FOR INCREASING CUSTOMER LOYALTY

purposeThis study was undertaken with a purpose to investigate and to know the extent to which the influence of element - the element of service quality on customer loyalty, which is more instrumental elements, whether the elements are physically real or otherwise? , Where researchers also added an element of Perceived value can also be a contribution in improving customer loyalty , this study also aims to compare the reality and expectations of the variable quality of service, perceived value and loyalty that occurs in an educational service agency. Design / methodology / approach. Analysis carried out two stages , first through pathways analysis to determine the role/influence either partially or simultaneously variable service quality and customer loyalty value, then we use Importance Performance Analysis ( IPA ) in order to know the level of Importance and Performance of quality attributes services , perceived value and customer loyalty are described in the tabulation or quadrant, so that we can determine the level of Importance and Performance of these attributes based on customer perception. Finding
Cytotoxic effects of novel phytosphingosine derivatives, including N,N-dimethylphytosphingosine and N-monomethylphytosphingosine, in human leukemia cell line HL60

Novel phytosphingosine derivatives have been developed based on the inhibition of sphingosine kinase, which has been implicated in cell growth and inhibition of ceramide-mediated apoptosis. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects and underlying mechanisms of action of novel phytosphingosine derivatives, including N-monomethylphytosphingosine (MMPH) and N,N-dimethylphytosphingosine (DMPH) and the pegylated forms MMPH-PEG and DMPH-PEG, in human leukemia HL60 cells. In viability and proliferation assays using WST-1, all four drugs induced suppression of cell growth and viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Among them, DMPH had the highest antileukemic activity and induced apoptosis via caspase-8, caspase-3, and caspase-9 activation. The apoptotic effect was also associated with Fas/FasL upregulation, Bid cleavage, Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and cytochrome c release. DMPH decreased the phosphorylation of ERK and inhibited daunorubicin-induced ERK activation. Furthermore, DMPH displayed synergistic cytotoxicity with daunorubicin in a sequence-dependent manner. Our findings indicate that DMPH has potential as an effective cytotoxic agent for leukemia.
A Novel p-n-Diode Structure of SONOS-Type TFT NVM With Embedded Silicon Nanocrystals

In this letter, for the first time, a novel p-n-diode (PND) structure of SONOS-type thin-film transistor (TFT) nonvolatile memory (NVM) with embedded silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) in the silicon nitride layer using an in situ method is successfully demonstrated. This novel structure has many advantages, including high density and suitability for 3-D circuit integration. Hot-electron injection and hot-hole injection are used as the program and erase methods, respectively. The sensing current of the three-terminal PND-TFT NVM is 10-7 A by the band-to-band tunneling current. A much larger memory window (> 12 V) and good data retention time (> 108 s for 12% charge loss) are exhibited. The device appears to have great potential for system-on-panel applications.
Economic Incentives to Supply Safe Chicken to the National School Lunch Program

This report examines the food safety performance of establishments supplying raw chicken to the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Agricultural Marketing Service’s (AMS) Poultry Products Purchase Program over 2006–12. This report focuses on the effectiveness of reputation as an incentive for producers to control Salmonella. To sell chicken through the Poultry Products Purchase Program, establishments must be registered with AMS and be in compliance with the standards imposed on all slaughter establishments by the USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). Suppliers may exceed the FSIS standard, depending on their incentives. Raw chicken suppliers to AMS for the NSLP have an incentive to attain strong performance on Salmonella tests in order to ensure that they do not suffer product recalls, which, being associated with a highly visible customer, could harm their reputations for food safety and adversely affect profitability. However, suppliers also have an incentive to reduce costs, including those associated with food safety practices, to improve their profit margins. Findings indicate that AMS supplier concerns about increased scrutiny and the associated reputation effects when supplying the NSLP offset any incentive to underinvest in food safety to lower the costs of production.
A noun-phrase chunking model based on SBCB ensemble learning algorithm

This paper presents a NP (noun phrase) chunking model based on our previous work SBCB (Selecting Base Classifiers on Bagging) ensemble learning algorithm. The exploitation of an optimization procedure to pick up good classifiers in SBCB, along with a process to select proper syntactic or semantic features, contributes a better performance. The experimental comparisons with the state-of-the-art algorithms show that the proposed approach is able to achieve impressive higher accuracy in terms of F-score.
Monetary Policy rule in the presence of persistent excess liquidity: the case of Trinidad and Tobago

The effectiveness of the repo rate as the main policy tool of monetary policy tends to be thwarted by persistent excess liquidity which typifies the banking system in Trinidad and Tobago. This paper conducts an empirical examination with respect to Trinidad and Tobago, in a bid to explore the effectiveness of the policy instrument in the presence of chronic excess liquidity. GMM estimation is used to see how the repo rate transmits across the money market and the bank credit market. It is found that there is a higher pass through of the repo rate in the bank credit market compared to the money market. Moreover, the evidence suggests that the commercial banks mark-up on the repo rate by taking inflation and excess reserves into account.
Managing the Impact of Requirements Volatility Master Thesis, 2005

Software requirements are very important in software development. The success of software project depends on the quality of requirements specification. Even though we have good requirements specification in the beginning, there will be requirements changes during the project development. Requirements change during the system development is also known as Requirements Volatility. Requirements volatility has great impact on the cost, the schedule and the quality of final product. Due to this requirements volatility many projects are fail and some are completed partially. Requirements volatility can not be overcome fully but we can minimize some causes. In this thesis I describe the causes of requirements volatility. How these causes will affect the different phases of software development life cycle. I studied and analyse the software development models and different methods regarding the requirements volatility and describe advantages and disadvantages of using different software models. Finally, I suggest how to Manage and control requirements volatility in different software development phases. Mundlamuri int04smi@cs.umu. se 9 Managing the Impact of Requirements Volatility Master thesis Mundlamuri int04smi@cs.umu. se 10 Managing the Impact of Requirements Volatility Master thesis
Predatory and Exclusionary Innovation: Which Legal Standard for Software Integration in the Context of the Competition versus Intellectual Property Rights Clash?

This paper aims to address two questions: first, how to identify the legal standard that courts use to assess a specific behavior (software integration) commonly adopted by firms possessing IPRs. Second, whether this standard enables us, on the one hand, to draw a line between predatory and competitive innovation, and, on the other, to strike a balance between: the market leaders' freedom to innovate and the public interest towards the persistence of competitive markets. The research consists of an examination of the main hardware and software integration cases in the US and the EU, from which a standard echoing the predatory innovation doctrine principles and increasingly aware of network effects and high-tech market features emerges. The conclusion is thus that, as long as IPRs work as incentives to innovate, a system of rivalry is to be maintained. However, when exploitation of IPRs by rightholders becomes a means to limit competition in the market (in that it enables to prevent both competitors and rightholders' further innovation); then IPRs lose the function of innovation incentives and remedies are to be undertaken in order to maintain competition effective in the market.
Consumer's Optimal Decision of Purchasing the Durable Electronic Goods

With a new durable good appearing, the price of old type tends to decrease and the performance of the new type tends to be improved. Thus consumers with purchasing desire have two choices of buying a new one or the old one. A discrete time Markov decision process model is presented first with the consumer reserve prices to different durable generations as states, whose objective is to maximize consumer's purchasing value. Then several assumptions and modifications of the MDP model are given. Purchasing value reward in a stage includes durables' physical value and perceived value by introducing a new concept of perceived coefficient. The higher the reserve price, the more probable the consumer purchases the product in a higher price. Optimal purchasing points exist in a special case with two generations attracting the consumer in one stage, and optimal purchasing decisions vary with the consumers' preference, which are shown with a numerical example.
Specificity in familial aggregation of phobic disorders.

BACKGROUND To investigate whether each of three DSM-III-R phobic disorders (simple phobia, social phobia, and agoraphobia with panic attacks) is familial and "breeds true. " DESIGN Rates of each phobic disorder were contrasted in first-degree relatives of four proband groups: simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia with panic attacks, and not ill controls. Phobia probands were patients who had one of the phobia diagnoses but no other lifetime anxiety comorbidity. RESULTS We found moderate (two- to fourfold increased risk) but specific familial aggregation of each of the three DSM-III-R phobic disorders. CONCLUSIONS These results support a specific familial contribution to each of the three phobia types. However, conclusions are limited to cases occurring without lifetime anxiety comorbidity and do not imply homogeneity within categories.
Urban Indicator for Database Updating - A Decision Tool to Help Stakeholders and Map Producers

The issue of regular spatial databases updating is partly solved by the abundance of satellite images. It is, though, time consuming, requires qualified human resources, high financial costs and requests efficiency (Bernard, 2007). This article presents a semi-automatic tool for urban detection, to guide the stakeholders and the producers throughout the updating process. The industrial context of the study implies a fast, instantaneous applicative workflow, operational on various landscapes with different sensors; it is thus based on existing algorithms and software resources. The process is generic and adaptable, with a phase of uncorrelation, chaining a Minimum Noise Fraction transformation with a textural analysis, a learning phase, processed from an existing database, and an automatic modelling of the detected objects. The quantification of the results shows the successful recreation of the existing database (90% of its surface) with a 7% rate of potential big omissions. A specific highlight is made on the detection of disappeared buildings, corresponding to 17.5% of the potential important omissions. This process has run in “real” updating operations, on 1.5 and 6 meters resolution Spot6 images, a 15 meters Landsat-8 image and a 1.5 meters resolution Pleiades image. A quantification of its results is also proposed in this study.
Protect Pervasive Social Networking Based on Two-Dimensional Trust Levels

Social networking has extended its popularity from the Internet to mobile domains. Nowadays, the Internet can work collaboratively with cellular networks and self-organized mobile ad hoc networks to offer advanced pervasive social networking (PSN) at any time and in any place. It is important to secure data communications in PSN for protecting crucial instant social activities and supporting reliable social computing and data mining. Obviously, trust plays an important role in PSN for reciprocal activities among strangers. It helps people overcome perceptions of uncertainty and risk and engages in trusted social behaviors. In this paper, we utilize two dimensions of trust levels evaluated by either a trusted server or individual PSN nodes or both to control PSN data access in a heterogeneous manner on the basis of attribute-based encryption. We formally prove the security of our scheme and analyze its communication and computation complexity. Extensive analysis and performance evaluation based on implementation show that our proposed scheme is highly efficient and provably secure under relevant system and security models.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Basic Health Facilities according to Local Standards and Demographic Features of Umarkot Sub-region, Pakistan

The population of developing countries is increasing with its pace, which put a negative impact on the availability of services, especially accessible health facilities in destitute sub-regions. The shortage of basic health institutions created havoc in deprived sub-regions, which shattered the health structure of common men. There could be many reasons behind, but the most prominent could be the unavailability of health institutions, according to local standards and sub-regional demographic characteristics. Therefore, the goal of this research is to investigate the health and population features of the study area and to determine the existing and futuristic shortage of basic health institutions, according to local standards of the country. To comply with study objectives, the data were collected through field visits, interviews with the officials and with the help of available documents, i.e., district census report. The aims of the study were achieved and it was found that the health sector of the study area was not in its satisfactory condition. The findings of this study may provide a vision to the policy makers in a sense that they could pay their attention to the shaky condition of the health sector, especially in backward sub-regions of the country.
The Value of the Indian Gazelle ( Gazella gazella ) : a Case Study in Haryana, India

A study was undertaken in three villages of Bhiwani District in Haryana to assess the value of habitat function of planted forests. These villages were located at varying distance from a Blackbuck ( Gazella gazella ) Breeding Farm, which is a planted forest. Contingent valuation method was by asking the people to reveal their willingness to pay, both in terms of money as well as mandays, for the protection and improvement of the habitat for continued habitat function benefits. The total value of habitat functions provided by the farm was Rs. 15,71,641 per year for three villages out of which Rs. 12,24,112 per year came from the WTP in the form of labour mandays.
Non-Autonomous Second-Order Memristive Chaotic Circuit

A non-autonomous second-order memristive chaotic circuit is considered in this paper, which is comparatively simple, only consisting of a memristor, a capacitor, a resistor, and a sinusoidal voltage source. Based on the descriptive equation of the memristive circuit, the dynamical behaviors are investigated by theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. It is noted that the number of AC equilibrium points changes with the evolution of the time and the circuit exhibits striking dynamical features, including period, chaos, forward period-doubling, reverse period-doubling, tangent bifurcation, and crisis scenarios. Furthermore, a hardware circuit is set up by off-the-shelf discrete components, where hardware experiments are performed to verify the numerical results. The most significant feature of the proposed memristive circuit is the inductor-free realization with simplified topology, which makes the circuit much simpler and more intuitive in physical realization.
Tinnitus and ECT.

We report the case of a 69-year-old man with major depressive disorder and occupational tinnitus; both problems were refractory to several different treatment modalities, but were successfully treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The tinnitus was present for 15-20 years, but had worsened during the 3 years before treatment, causing him significant distress. Extensive organic workup did not identify a treatable etiology for his symptoms. To date, he has been hospitalized four times due to depressive symptoms associated with tinnitus. He has received ECT each time, and has responded well on each occasion.