Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic Polymorphism and Alcohol Metabolism

Throughout the world, human population experiment with alcohol, result into short- and long-term consequences including increased risk of accidental injuries, risky sexual behavior and lower education attainment. Due to polymorphism in the gene whose product enzymes are responsible for alcohol metabolism, serious health consequences including liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma can occur. Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, CYP450 and catalase are alcohol metabolizing enzymes. Polymorphism in any one or all of the enzymes will result in defective alcohol metabolism and acetaldehyde accumulation cause serious health problems. This article mainly focuses on the consequences of alcohol consumption at genetic level that ultimately affect alcohol metabolism resulting in various health disorders.
The System of Domestic Food Aid to Vulnerable Segments of Population: Social Nutrition, Organic Farming, Infrastructure

This paper describes the problem of creating a system for providing healthy nutrition to the vulnerable categories of population. The goal is to create a methodological basis for the development of specific infrastructure to ensure proper and healthy nutrition for those in need. Suggestions and results on the required implementation of regular measures to ensure food security, development of human capital, the formation and promotion of agricultural production and rational natural resources management are presented. Suggestions were made on the use of government support tools for the green block within the framework of World Trade Organization (WTO) standards, motivation farmers to maintain soil fertility, and to use land withdrawn from circulation as a resource for green food production. Land is required where the green production with low processing intensity can be organized – without using pesticides with a limited amount of fertilizers. This approach has become economically feasible for Russia and other countries that have joined the WTO. Keywords—food aid, government support, technology, soil protection, WTO.
Multifractal analysis of soil fauna diversity indexes

: The objective of this study was to determine the multifractality of diversity indexes of edaphic fauna in areas with natural vegetation and in agricultural systems. Biological sampling was carried out in seven treatments (millet, maize, soybean, eucalyptus, preserved cerrado, disturbed cerrado and pasture), containing 130 pitfall traps, distributed in transects with 3 m of spacing between sampling points, totaling 390 m. The multifractal analysis was determined based on the moment method, where estimates such as the capacity dimensions, entropy and the correlation of the diversity indexes were calculated. The soybean area had greater Shannon diversity (2.69), however it had smaller abundance of individuals. The partition functions were adjusted with coefficient of determination > 0.90. The difference between D -10 -D 10 , ranged from 0.080 to 1,707 for Pielou equitability in soybean cultivation, for richness in the area under the cultivation of eucalyptus. The singularity spectra expressed graphs with different degrees of heterogeneity for the soil fauna indexes, and the richness expressed the best structure. The area cultivated with soybean had a monofractal tendency, due to the homogeneous distribution of individuals of the edaphic fauna along the transect. The fractal analysis provided the description of patterns of variability that are not detected by classical methods. The Pielou equitability indicates the distribution of individuals among species and is proportional to diversity and inversely proportional to dominance. Equitability compares the Shannon-Wiener diversity with the observed species distribution that maximizes diversity (Eq. 3).
Development of a Three-Phase Dual-Rotor Magnetless Flux Switching Generator for Low Power Wind Turbines

This article presents a new three-phase flux switching generator (FSG), which is mainly designed for variable-speed low power wind turbines. The magnetless structure of this generator not only reduces the machine cost but also increases the flux controllability. In order to shorten the field and armature end-windings, non-overlapped concentrated windings have been ingeniously incorporated into the dual-rotor middle-stator structure. A parametric study of both stator and rotor pole arcs is carried out, targeting maximum generated EMF, and minimum cogging torque. Using finite element method, the performance of the final design is analysed. Through the ac–dc rectification, the generated EMF is rectified to give out the dc output voltage, which can be regulated by controlling dc excitation current, and accordingly, the machine can behave as a constant-output dc generator under different conditions of rotor speeds and load currents. Finally, a prototype has been manufactured and experimented to prove its validity for dc microgrids integrated with wind generation systems.
Earthquake Vulnerability of Port Structures in Indonesia

Indonesia is located in a high seismic region and is in one of the most vulnerable countries likely to experience earthquakes. The impact of earthquakes on port structures can have an enormous impact on the economy if the earthquake hazard is not acknowledged, essential elements of the transportation system not identified, and damage prevention procedures not applied. In this project, the seismic performance of critical infrastructures, such as post structures as designed and constructed, are assessed. Outcomes of the assessment enable vulnerable elements to be identified leading to design recommendations. The project is conducted based on data collection, field survey, site investigations, experiments, and computer modelling and simulations.
Municipal climate change adaptation and mitigation: from planning to action in Nova Scotia

Jurisdictions around the globe are working to address climate change and many municipalities are seeking to protect their communities from its impacts. Although nearly half the world’s population resides in rural areas, most municipal climate change planning literature focuses on urban municipalities. To that end, this paper analyzes the public policy process of Nova Scotia, Canada’s rural Municipal Climate Change Action Planning mandate. Through an analysis of the plans and follow-up interviews with municipal planners, we examine the conditions that sustain local climate planning and what municipalities gleaned from this climate planning process.
Mechanisms underlying higher order interactions: from quantitative definitions to ecological processes

When species simultaneously compete with two or more species of competitor, higher order interactions (HOIs) can lead to emergent properties not present when species interact in isolated pairs. In order to extend ecological theory to multi-competitor communities, ecologists must develop a practical and general definition for HOIs that can be applied to a wide range of competition models. In this paper we propose a definition for HOIs and outline a set of criteria for testing whether a model has or does not have HOIs. These criteria are valuable for empirical ecologists in need of clarity when discussing HOIs in empirical data. We also provide thorough discussion of how our definition compares with previous definitions of HOIs and interaction modification in the literature. In the second part of the paper we demonstrate the steps required for a rigorous test of HOIs in empirical data. To do this we simulate resource competition between three annual plant species which differ in phenology. We then fit phenomenological competition models to the outcome of simulated competition and use these to test for the presence of HOIs. In our simulations, we find the strength of HOIs varies with phenology: species that grow later experience stronger HOIs than earlier growing species. Our simulation shows how HOIs could emerge in ecosystems where resource availability and individual size change rapidly throughout the course of the growing season and where there are differences in the timing of resource acquisition between competitors.
Utilising capsid proteins of poliovirus to design a multi-epitope based subunit vaccine by immunoinformatics approach

ABSTRACT Current vaccines used for polio are live attenuated oral polio vaccine and inactivated polio vaccine. Recently, in India, the relapse of virulence was observed in attenuated viruses resulting in catastrophic effects. Therefore, the need for the development of multi-epitope subunit vaccine was realised and an immunoinformatics approach to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine was conceived. Capsid proteins of all the three types of polio strains were utilised to predict major histocompatibility complex class-1 as well as class-2 epitopes. The subunit vaccine was designed with β-defensin at N-terminal followed by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes epitopes and helper T-lymphocytes epitopes connected by compatible linkers. The vaccine construct was further modelled and docked against TLR4 receptor. The high affinity of the construct towards the receptor was observed in the docking study and also substantiated by a 20 ns simulation of the complex. The vaccine construct was cloned in-silico for expression of the protein effectively in a prokaryotic system (Escherichia coli strain K12). Immuno-simulation of the construct was found to elicit immunoglobulin production effectively in the human body. This designed multi-epitope subunit vaccine is capable of immune response and further studies will help us understand the feasibility of this multi-epitope subunit vaccine.
Barriers to Healthcare Access and Patient Outcomes After a Hospitalization for an Acute Coronary Syndrome and Other Acute Conditions

Background: Barriers to healthcare remain common in the US and may result in worse outcomes among hospital survivors of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the relationship between barriers to healthcare and two-year postdischarge mortality among hospital survivors of an ACS. Methods: Hospital survivors of an ACS were recruited from 6 medical centers in central Massachusetts and Georgia in 2011-2013. Participants reported whether they currently had a usual source of care as well as a financial or transportation barrier in the year prior to admission. Cox regression analyses calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for two-year all-cause mortality for the three individual healthcare barriers while adjusting for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics. Results: The mean age of study participants (n=2,008) was 62 years, 33% were women, and 77% were non-Hispanic white. One third of patients reported a financial barrier, 17% lacked a usual source of care, and 12% had a transportation barrier. Five percent (n=100) died within two years after hospital discharge. Compared to their counterparts without barriers, those lacking a usual source of care and with barriers to transportation had significantly higher
Minimum Distortion Point Tracking

This article introduces the notion of minimum distortion point tracking (MDPT): a control strategy where switching waveforms are optimally phase shifted to minimize aggregate ripple power for networks of dc–dc converters that are connected in series or parallel at the input or output. In a sense, MDPT generalizes the ubiquitous concept of interleaving in balanced systems to a broad class of asymmetric series- or parallel-connected dc–dc converters. For networks of up to one hundred interconnected power converters, MDPT demonstrates a one to two order of magnitude reduction (−14 to −22 dB) in distortion power. We present and experimentally verify three algorithms that can dynamically solve the MDPT optimization problem on a network of three input-parallel connected dc–dc buck converters handling 1.8 kW. The experimental results illustrate an up to $\text{3.06}\times$ reduction in the peak-to-peak ripple of the parallel-side bus voltage and convergence close to an optimal steady-state solution in 5 ms.
Monitoring arrangements for outsourced public services: the importance of service characteristics for the distribution of oversight responsibilities

Abstract The research question guiding this article is which factors explain monitoring arrangements for outsourced public services. The article first investigates the independent impact of asset specificity and measurement difficulty on monitoring arrangements for a range of oversight tasks commonly used to hold vendors accountable. Secondly, this study includes high transaction costs as an explanatory variable in models that explain the use of two types of proxy monitoring arrangements as compared to direct government oversight. A unique dataset of outsourced Florida municipal services is analyzed using two-stage Heckman selection models, ordered logistic regression, and multinomial estimation. A key finding indicates that for services where multiple transaction costs characteristics are observed simultaneously (high transaction costs services), oversight arrangements are different. When these services are outsourced, vendors and third-party monitors are more likely to perform certain monitoring tasks when compared to government officials. This research contributes to the vast and expanding literature on local governments’ service delivery by outlining how compounding of services’ production transaction costs can lead to a complex myriad of oversight strategies.
Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Our Experiences at Bir Hospital

Trigeminal neuralgia (TGN) is a very peculiar disease, mostly characterized by unilateral paroxysmal facial pain, often described by patient as ‘one of the worst pain in my life’. This condition is also known as ‘Tic Douloureus’. The annual incidence of TN is about 4.7/100000 population, male and female are equally affected. The diagnosis is usually made by history, clinical fi ndings and cranial imaging is required to rule out compressing vascular loop, organic lesions and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) at Trigeminal nerve (TN). Treatment of TGN ranged from medical to surgical intervention. Between September 2007 and April 2015, 20 patients underwent micro vascular decompression (MVD) of TN for TGN who were refractory to medical treatment at department of Neurosurgery, Bir Hospital. All decompressions were performed using operating microscope. Follow up period ranged from 22 months to 8 years.There were 9 males and 11 females and age ranged from 30-70 years. The neuralgic pain was localized on right side in 13 patients and left on 7 patients. Pain distribution was on V3 (mandibular branch) dermatome in 11, V2( Maxillary branch ) in 4, V2-3 in 2 and V1- 2-3 in 3 patients respectively. On intraoperative fi ndings TN was compressed by superior cerebellar artery ( SCA ) in 8, tumors in 4, unidentifi ed vessels in 3, veins in 2, anterior inferior cerebellar artery ( AICA ) in 1 and no cause was found in 2 patients. 7 patients suffered postoperative complications which included hyposthesia in 3, pseudomeningocele in 3 and meningitis in 1. There was no mortality in this series. 20 patients felt pain relief immediately after procedure and 1 patients came after 3 years with recurrent pain requiring second surgery. In conclusion, MVD for TGN in younger patients who are refractory to medical treatment is one of the best treatment options which is safe and long term pain relief is achieved in majority of cases.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2017 Page:11-15
The changing of natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): is advanced fibrosis the best predictor of long-term adverse outcomes?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease observed in clinical practice both in developed and in developing Countries (1). NAFLD affects approximately 25–35% among general adult population, 70–75% among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and up to 95% among those with obesity (1).
A numerical study on deblending of land simultaneous shooting acquisition data via rank‐reduction filtering and signal enhancement applications

We propose a workflow of deblending methodology comprised of rank‐reduction filtering followed by a signal enhancing process. This methodology can be used to preserve coherent subsurface reflections and at the same time to remove incoherent and interference noise. In pseudo‐deblended data, the blending noise exhibits coherent events, whereas in any other data domain (i.e. common receiver, common midpoint and common offset), it appears incoherent and is regarded as an outlier. In order to perform signal deblending, a robust implementation of rank‐reduction filtering is employed to eliminate the blending noise and is referred to as a joint sparse and low‐rank approximation. Deblending via rank‐reduction filtering gives a reasonable result with a sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio. However, for land data acquired using unconstrained simultaneous shooting, rank‐reduction–based deblending applications alone do not completely attenuate the interference noise. A considerable amount of signal leakage is observed in the residual component, which can affect further data processing and analyses. In this study, we propose a deblending workflow via a rank‐reduction filter followed by post‐processing steps comprising a nonlinear masking filter and a local orthogonalization weight application. Although each application shows a few footprints of leaked signal energy, the proposed combined workflow restores the signal energy from the residual component achieving significantly signal‐to‐noise ratio enhancement. These hierarchical schemes are applied on land simultaneous shooting acquisition data sets and produced cleaner and reliable deblended data ready for further data processing.
How to be fooled searching for significant variations of the b-value

An unbiased estimation of the b-value and of its variability is essential to verify empirically its physical contribution to the earthquake generation process, and the capability to improve earthquake forecasting and seismic hazard. Notwithstanding the vast literature on the b-value estimation, we note that some potential sources of bias that may lead to non-physical b-value variations are too often ignored in seismological common practice. The aim of this paper is to discuss some of them in detail, when the b-value is estimated through the popular Aki’s formula. Specifically, we describe how a finite data set can lead to biased evaluations of the b-value and its uncertainty, which are caused by the correlation between the b-value and the maximum magnitude of the data set; we quantify analytically the bias on the b-value caused by the magnitude binning; we show how departures from the exponential distribution of the magnitude, caused by a truncated Gutenberg–Richter law and by catalogue incompleteness, can affect the b-value estimation and the search for statistically significant variations; we derive explicitly the statistical distribution of the magnitude affected by random symmetrical error, showing that the magnitude error does not induce any further significant bias, at least for reasonable amplitude of the measurement error. Finally, we provide some recipes to minimize the impact of these potential sources of bias.
ELABORAÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE FARINHA PROVENIENTE DOS RESÍDUOS DE ABACAXI E DE PEDÚNCULO DE CAJU

As a result of the expansion of fruit growing, the modernization of agriculture and the sharp demand for food in recent years, agro-industrial activities have undergone intense growth. Although this growth in productivity has positive consequences, it also contributes to the aggravation of an environmental problem, the generation of waste. The utilization of residues emerges as an alternative to reduce agroindustrial losses and a great way to accomplish this utilization is the production of flour, considering that flour obtained from fruit residues present advantages over cereal flour such as higher preservation of nutritional values, shorter drying time, different physical and chemical properties. Thus, this study aims to obtain a flour from the pineapple and cashew tree stalk residues, as well as characterize it in terms of its physicochemical properties. The residues were obtained and sent for drying at 60 ° C for 24 hours with air velocity of 1.5 m.s-1. After drying, the product was subjected to unitary grinding operation using a knife mill, resulting in three types of flour: Pineapple residue flour, Cashew stalk residue flour and Flour made from the pineapple and cashew apple blend (1: 1 ratio). And later they were submitted to the physicochemical analyzes. The three flours met the standards established by the legislation regarding the moisture content, as well as having a high carbohydrate concentration and a low water activity, factors that evidence the high fiber content and the low susceptibility to degradation, respectively.
Mesophotic and Deep-Sea Vulnerable Coral Habitats of the Mediterranean Sea: Overview and Conservation Perspectives

Although the different communities distributed in the mesophotic and deep waters play a fundamental role in the functioning of the marine ecosystems, the assessment of their global distribution is still far to be achieved. This is also true in the Mediterranean Sea, where exploration technologies are revealing a large diversity of unknown communities structured totally or partially by corals, which represent vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) according to FAO’s guidelines. This chapter aims to define and describe the main coral habitats of the mesophotic and aphotic zones of the Mediterranean, such as coralligenous formations, cold-water coral frameworks, coral forests and sea pen fields. The role of these habitats in providing benefit for a variety of invertebrates and fishes as well as a suite of ecosystem goods and services is highlighted. Fishing is one of the main anthropogenic impacts affecting Mediterranean coral habitats, and the current conservation measures are often ineffective. Ongoing attempts and future solutions aiming at the conservation of these VMEs are here dis-cussed, including the fishing restriction in strategic areas characterized by lush coral communities, the implementation of controls against illegal fishery, the development of encounter protocols for vulnerable species and the use of observers onboard.
MODEL PRIORITAS PROGRAM PEMERATAAN IPM DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tahun 2018 melaporkan bahwa Provinsi Lampung memiliki IPM paling rendah di pulau sumatera. Pemerintah telah menyusun Road map IPM Provinsi Lampung sebagai bagian dari strategi yang akan dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan IPM Provinsi Lampung. Provinsi Lampung diketahui hanya ada dua kabupaten/kota yang memiliki nilai IPM kategori tinggi dan diatas rata-rata IPM nasional. Meskipun demikian ada 13 kabupaten/kota yang masih membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih agar program pemerintah dapat tercapai terutama dalam peningkatan nilai IPM. Data IPM yang sering dipublikasikan pada pertengahan tahun menjadi menjadi tantangan pemerintah dalam membuat program kerja sebaik mungkin. Dengan demikian maka pemerintah perlu memiliki cara dalam menilai ketercapaian program terkait IPM setiap kabupaten/kota sehingga dapat segera melakukan perencanaan prioritas program pembangunan. AHP dipilih sebagai model untuk membantu pemerintah dalam menentukan prioritas pembangunan IPM pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Provinsi Lampung secara umum perlu memberikan perhatian lebih pada dimensi pendidikan