Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perioperative use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of anastomotic failure in emergency general surgery.

BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used analgesic and anti-inflammatory adjuncts. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration may potentially increase the risk of postoperative gastrointestinal anastomotic failure (AF). We aim to determine if perioperative NSAID utilization influences gastrointestinal AF in emergency general surgery (EGS) patients undergoing gastrointestinal resection and anastomosis. METHODS Post hoc analysis of a multi-institutional prospectively collected database was performed. Anastomotic failure was defined as the occurrence of a dehiscence/leak, fistula, or abscess. Patients using NSAIDs were compared with those without. Summary, univariate, and multivariable analyses were performed. RESULTS Five hundred thirty-three patients met inclusion criteria with a mean (±SD) age of 60 ± 17.5 years, 53% men. Forty-six percent (n = 244) of the patients were using perioperative NSAIDs. Gastrointestinal AF rate between NSAID and no NSAID was 13.9% versus 10.7% (p = 0.26). No differences existed between groups with respect to perioperative steroid use (16.8% vs. 13.8%; p = 0.34) or mortality (7.39% vs. 6.92%, p = 0.84). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that perioperative corticosteroid (odds ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-4.81) use and the presence of a colocolonic or colorectal anastomoses were independently associated with AF. A subset analysis of the NSAIDs cohort demonstrated an increased AF rate in colocolonic or colorectal anastomosis compared with enteroenteric or enterocolonic anastomoses (30.0% vs. 13.0%; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Perioperative NSAID utilization appears to be safe in EGS patients undergoing small-bowel resection and anastomosis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration should be used cautiously in EGS patients with colon or rectal anastomoses. Future randomized trials should validate the effects of perioperative NSAIDs use on AF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic study, level III.
Effect of Semi-Apical Angle on the Crush Mechanics of Metallic Bi-Tubular Tubes under Dynamic Axial Loading

Aerospace and automotive industrial advancement demands high energy absorbing structures for the human and equipement safety during transportaion and accidental emergencies. Thin-walled metallic tubes applications in the structures serve the purpose by absorbing energy during such dynamic scenarios. A new concept is presented in this study, involving bi-tubular tube with outer straight cylinderical tube and inner tube with semi-apical angle and response is monitored for dynamic axial loading. The outer and inner tubes are connected with 4 straight stiffeners. The inner tube semi-apical angle named as β is varied from zero to 2 degrees and its sensitivity in energy absorption is studied.In total five configurations are studied with first configuration havingβas zero degree. The second and third configuration are with βas one degree with distinct feature that in third configuration the tube is inverted. Same is true for the fourth and fifth configuration with βas two degrees.The mass in each configuration is kept constant by adjusting the thickness of the stiffeners. Deformation modes, specific energy absorption and crushing force efficiency are determined for each configuration and contribution of β is discussed. An analytical approach to observe the sensitivity of β is also presented. The results are compared with the experimental and theoratical results to show the effectiveness of the proposed configurations. Keywords:Bi-tubular, Semi-ApicalAngle, Energy Absorption, Dynamic Axial Loading.
Partisan cues and internet memes: early evidence for motivated skepticism in audience message processing of spreadable political media

ABSTRACT Internet memes represent fundamental practices underlying much of digitally mediated conversation in the current participatory media environment, increasingly playing a prominent role in political contexts online. At the same time, memes’ fleeting nature makes them easily dismissed as insignificant media. To date, there is little published research that focuses on memes from the audience perspective. This study responds to calls to establish effects of political internet memes by examining the role of partisan cues in audience assessment of political internet memes’ message quality. An online quasi-experiment (N = 633) was conducted to assess perceptions of political memes’ message effectiveness and argument quality. The results reveal that internet memes are subject to biased cognitive processing, specifically selective judgment or motivated skepticism. These findings suggest that despite their fleeting nature, political internet memes might be a vehicle for political messages that contribute to a polarized media environment. Suggestions for future research are presented.
High level gamma and neutron irradiation of silica optical fibers in CEA OSIRIS nuclear reactor

In the final objective of elaborating an optical sensor of dimensional change in a nuclear testing reactor, we present extreme high level irradiation tests, up to 1.3 1020 nfast/cm2 and 16 GGy, conducted on high purity silica and hollow core photonic bandgap (PBG) fibers. These tests are performed in the OSIRIS reactor at CEA Saclay. We measure continuously Radiation Induced Absorption (RIA), at 3 optical wavelengths: 980 nm, 1064 nm and 1310 nm. The evolution with the time of the spectral dependency over larger wavelength range is also reported. As well as reporting RIA up to higher dose than presented before, we demonstrate here the excellent superiority of hollow core PBG fibers over their conventional counterparts in term of radiation resistance up to over 1020 nfast/cm2 and 10 GGy. We also report some Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) measurements that probe the irradiated parts of the fibers and show how optical scattering first increases then finally decreases when the silica goes from un-irradiated silica to the metamict state.
A novel solid state pulsed power module for excimer laser

For effective excimer laser pumping high voltage pulses with a pulse duration of 100 ns and energies from a fraction of joules to some 10's of joules are necessary. This energy is deposited via a gas discharge into the laser vessel. The generation of these pulses has traditionally been achieved using thyratron circuits. The limited lifetime and repetition rates of thyratron circuits do not fulfill the requirements of a modern excimer lasers. The current state of the art is to use solid state circuits with insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches, high voltage pulse transformer, and pulse compression networks. Due to the many stages, complexity is high and efficiency is moderate. To overcome this limitation a new solid state circuit for excimer laser pumping was developed. The circuit works without magnetic pulse compression. The switch is made by a stack of "off-the-shelf" metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and SiC diodes. In the presentation the general design and its calculation, diode and switch qualification and test results are presented. An additional emphasis is put on the voltage sharing within the stack and the gate control.
A Comparison Between The Stress Distribution In Angled And Vertical Implants

This paper describes the stress distribution in implants of different shapes, based on a three dimensional solid computational model. The geometry of the mandible was obtained from a computerized tomography scan and two different designs for the implant were considered, both part of the Bioform® system produced by Maxtron (Juiz de Fora, Brazil). The first implant is vertical, as commonly used in dentistry practice, and the second has an angled form. The geometric model for each implant was treated through the use of Boolean operations in the region of the first lower molar of the model for the mandible. The resulting geometry served as basis for the discrete finite element model, and a 100 N load was considered, acting first in the vertical and then in the horizontal direction. For a correct description of the forces acting during the masticatory process, the external loads were balanced by the muscular forces acting on the mandible and reaction forces in the line joining the temporomandibular articulations. A discussion is presented on the effectiveness of the different implant forms in the transmission of forces to the mandible.
Reexamining Media Capacity Theories Using Workplace Instant Messaging

This study empirically examines the general propositions of media capacity theories using a newer and increasingly popular communication medium: instant messaging (IM). We develop hypotheses based on the proposition that synchronous communication media are perceived to be more effective for convergence communication while asynchronous communication media are perceived to be more suitable for conveyance communication. These hypotheses were tested using data collected from 81 IM users in four organizations by means of survey instruments developed for this study. The results suggest that although IM was perceived to be a highly synchronous communication medium, it was not perceived to be as effective for convergence communication as it was for conveyance communication. These results seem to challenge the general propositions of media capacity theories. Theoretical implications are discussed.
Reproductive toxicology. Sodium saccharin.

The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a class I transmembrane receptor expressed on the surface of immune system cells. TLR4 is activated by exposure to lipopolysaccharides derived from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria and forms part of the innate immune response in mammals. Like other class 1 receptors, TLR4 is activated by ligand induced dimerization, and recent studies suggest that this causes concerted conformational changes in the receptor leading to self association of the cytoplasmic Toll/Interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) signalling domain. This homodimerization event is proposed to provide a new scaffold that is able to bind downstream signalling adaptor proteins. TLR4 uses two different sets of adaptors; TRAM and TRIF, and Mal and MyD88. These adaptor pairs couple two distinct signalling pathways leading to the activation of interferon response factor 3 (IRF-3) and nuclear factor kB (NFkB) respectively. In this paper we have generated a structural model of the TLR4 TIR dimer and used molecular docking to probe for potential sites of interaction between the receptor homodimer and the adaptor molecules. Remarkably, both the Mal and TRAM adaptors are strongly predicted to bind at two symmetry-related sites at the homodimer interface. This model of TLR4 activation is supported by extensive functional studies involving site directed mutagenesis, inhibition by cell permeable peptides and stable protein phosphorylation of receptor and adaptor TIR domains. Our results also suggest a molecular mechanism for two recent findings, the caspase 1 dependence of Mal signalling and the protective effects conferred by the Mal polymorphism Ser180Leu.
Valuing Health-Risk Reductions: Sick-Years, Lost Life-Years, and Latency

Many ex ante benefit-cost analyses of environmental, health, or safety interventions hinge upon the estimate used for the benefits of human health risk reductions. The standard approach to estimating these benefits is based on a single-period single-risk model, typically used to produce a single-valued estimate for the Value of a Statistical Life (V SL). We develop instead a utility-theoretic model in which individuals choose among alternative programs to reduce their risk of experiencing future years of illness and/or lost life-years. Our model is able to produce separate estimates of the marginal utilities of both avoided sick-years and avoided lost life-years as well as estimates of the willingness to pay to avoid wide range of arbitrary adverse health profiles over an individual’s future life. Such benefits estimates are particularly where costs must be incurred now to reduce health risks that will not fully materialize until much later. We evaluate our model using data from an extensive nationally representative survey that contains a set of randomized choice experiments.
Encouraging Investors to Enable Corporate Sustainability Transitions: The Case of Responsible Investment in France

This article studies the case of the socially responsible investment industry in France. This case accounts for how the socially responsible investment category and practices have successfully moved from the margins of the industry in the late 1990s to become mainstream over two decades. We bring to the forefront the importance of three complementary factors in the process of causing corporations to transition toward more sustainable businesses: the role of investors and, in particular, institutional investors; the importance of the presence of a clear category definition and of intermediary organizations, providing ratings, scores, and other calculative devices; and the role of governments and regulators. With other studies, this case stresses the fundamental influence of investors in how corporations manage sustainability transitions.
Three-Level Inverter Scheme with Common Mode Voltage Elimination and DC-Link Capacitor Voltage Balancing for an Open End Winding Induction Motor Drive

A DC link capacitor voltage balancing scheme for an three-level inverter with open end winding induction motor drive is proposed in this paper. The multiplicity of the switching combinations of the inverter voltage locations is best exploited to arrive at the capacitor balancing criterion. All the inverter vector locations, which has unbalancing effect on the capacitor voltages, exhibits greater multiplicity than the conventional neutral point clamped three-level inverter. These switching combinations can be used properly to balance the capacitor voltages. The effect of various switching combinations on the capacitor voltages is established and then a closed loop hysteresis controller based capacitor voltage balancing scheme is proposed. The performance of the proposed scheme for various operating conditions is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results. A 1.5 kW induction motor with open end windings is used for experimental verification of the proposed scheme
Isolation and sero-diagnosis of Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Human and Chicken Poultry Flocks In Three cities of Middle Euphrates

This study was planned for detection of Newcastle Disease (ND) infection in human and chicken flocks in Euphrates by the using sero-diagnosis of heamagglutination (HA), heamagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) and competitive ELISA.The NDV was diagnosed in najaf chicken flock by isolation and propagation of virus in chicken egg embryos. The NDV Ab was detected in serum of local chicken flocks isolated by using competitive ELISA which was indicated the positive high Ab titer with inhibition percent titer more than 40%(PIt>40%) of the total samples. The fifty eight (58) collected human sera of most poultry associated people in Euphrates in Iraq was determined by NDV competitive ELISA and showed 3 cases from farmers were positive to NDV(PIt>40%). Key word: NDV, chicken egg embryos, HA, HAI, competitive ELISA, PIt. يف هجاودلا ناعطقو ناسولاا يف يضرملا لساكويىلا سوريافب ةباصلال يجولوريس صيخشتو لزع طسولاا تارفلا ةقطىم هم ندم ثلاث ٌزًشنا ةشًح ذُجي ذًحا . و . ا ٌوازصُنا ٍهع ٌدبهناذبع يذه . و ذًحا ىظبك صببع ٌذهي ٍقازعناشكزي ٍبَزجخنا جلاعناو ٌبطزسنا دبحبلا , تعيبج تَزصُخسًنا ٌزطُبنا بطنا تُهك , تُسدبقنا تعيبج :ةصلاخلا ثازفنا ٍي ٌذي دلاث ٍف ٍجاوذنا ٌبعطقو ٌبسَلاا ٍف ٍضزًنا مسبكىُُنبب تببصلاا ذَذحخهن جًًص تسارذنا ِذه ٌىيذنا ٌسلاخنا جُبثح رببخخاو ٌىيذنا ٌسلاخنا رببخخلاا تطساىب ٍهصًنا صُخشخنا واذخخسا تطساىب ظسولاا اشُنلااو ضُب ٍف صوزَبفهن تئُهخناو لشعنا تطساىب فجُنا ٍف ٍجاوذنا ٌبعطق ٍف صخش ذق ٍضزًنا مسبكىُُنا صوزَبف. ٍسفبُخنا تُهحًنا تنشعنا بهُي لوشعًنا ٍجاوذنا ٌبعطق لىصي ٍف جصخش ٍضزًنا مسبكىُُنا صوزَبف ثاذضخسي . ٍيبُنا جبجذنا ًطعا ٌذنا ٍسفبُخنا اشُنلاا تطساىب لاصا ٍي ًهعا تَىئي ظُبثح تبسُب ثاذضخسًهن تُنبع تبجىي تبسَ 04 . ثبُُعنا مكن % بهذَذحح ىح قازعنا ٍف ظسولاا ثازفنا ٍي ٌذي دلاث ٍف ٍجاوذنا عي لايبعح زثكلاا صبَلان ٌىسًخناو تَُبًثنا لىصًنا ن تبجىي جَبك ٍخنا ٍُعراشًنا ٍي تبجىي ثلابح دلاث زهظا و ٍسفبُخنا اشُنلاا تطساىب تبسُب ٍضزًنا مسبكىُُنا صوزَبف ٍي زثكا تَىئي ظُبثح 04 . % 16-21 Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences Vol. (5) No. (1) 2014 6
Simulation environment for underground flooded mines robotic exploration

Underwater experiments with unmanned vehicles are complex, costly, time-consuming and in some circumstances potentially dangerous, involving the risk of losing or damaging the robots. The nature of the underwater environment, makes it very difficult, for researchers, to observe the evolution of the running system. Simulators are useful tools for the development of unmanned vehicle software, algorithm benchmarking and system preliminary validation. In this work, the problem of simulating a complex underwater scenario for marine robotics and a comparative analysis of simulators for marine robotics are presented. Relevant sensors for underwater robots under development, such as multibeam and imaging 2D sonar were implemented in two simulators and tested in a realistic experimental scenario like a flooded mine.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Characteristics in an Inclining Rotating Kiln with Continuous Feeding

Abstract The granular behaviors in rotating kilns have been investigated using a three-dimensional CFD model based on Euler-Euler multiphase model and the kinetic theory of granular flow. The model is validated by comparing with published experiment data and existing theory. The continuous feeding progress and inclination angles are both taken into account in this work for thorough discussion. Typical regimes of solid motions and velocity distributions are shown in the simulation results. The results show that the impact caused by feeding process has an obvious influence on the velocity distribution of z axis, especially at the charging end of the kiln. A small inclination angle has a slight influence on the velocity distribution of z axis, and causes the thickness of the active region increasing with the increasing of axil distance. The rotating speed is the biggest influencing factor for the velocity distribution in the transverse plane. The result can help the development of three-dimensional models for rotary kilns and the improvement of kiln design and performance.
Asthma phenotypes in Japanese adults - their associations with the CCL5 and ADRB2 genotypes.

BACKGROUND Cluster analyses were previously performed to identify asthma phenotypes underlying asthma syndrome. Although a large number of patients with asthma develop the disease later in life, these previous cluster analyses focused mainly patients with younger-onset asthma. METHODS Cluster analysis examined the existence of distinct phenotypes of late-onset asthma in Japanese patients with adult asthma. We then associated genotypes at the CCL5, TSLP, IL4, and ADRB2 genes with the clusters of asthma identified. RESULTS Using the 8 variables of age, sex, age at onset of the disease, smoking status, total serum IgE, %FEV(1), FEV(1)/FVC, and specific IgE responsiveness to common inhaled allergens, two-step cluster analysis of 880 Japanese adult asthma patients identified 6 phenotypes: cluster A (n = 155): older age at onset, no airflow obstruction; cluster B (n = 170): childhood onset, normal-to-mild airflow obstruction; cluster C (n = 119): childhood onset, the longest disease duration, and moderate-to-severe airflow obstruction; cluster D (n = 108): older age at onset, severe airflow obstruction; cluster E (n = 130): middle-age at onset, no airflow obstruction; and cluster F (n = 198): older age at onset, mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction. The CCL5-28C>G genotype was significantly associated with clusters A, B and D (OR 1.65, p = 0.0021; 1.67, 0.018; and 1.74, 0.011, respectively). The ADRB2 Arg16Gly genotype was also associated with clusters B and D (OR 0.47, p = 0.0004; and 0.63, 0.034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The current cluster analysis identified meaningful adult asthma phenotypes linked to the functional CCL5 and ADRB2 genotypes. Genetic and phenotypic data have the potential to elucidate the phenotypic heterogeneity and pathophysiology of asthma.
Entrepreneurial intention among saudi students: The role of personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavior control

This study proposes to explore the Arab East College's male and female master's students' entrepreneurial intentions (EI), towards creating their own businesses, by examining three factors: personal attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior. Further, this paper proposes to examine whether there were gender differences regarding entrepreneurial intention. In this paper, all variables were evaluated, by using factor analysis, validity, reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression analysis. The total number of questionnaires distributed was 1088 while the number of returned questionnaires was 358, for a response rate of 33%. The findings of this paper revealed that students' personal attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were significantly associated with each other. However, when regression analysis was performed, it showed that personal attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior alone could explain only 6% of the variability of the dependent variable (entrepreneurial intention).
A Study on the Effect of Vitamin E on Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Changes Induced By Electromagnetic Field

Background: Electromagnetic fields has increased gradually due to technology expansion and thus continues exposure to it may affect the biological system, so that the present work aimed to study the biological effect of non-ionizing radiation magnetic field from power line of 50 Hz which caused by devices become widely used in human activity on the structural properties of cerebral cortex and the possible protective role of vitamin E on it through the histopathological and immunohistochemical study . Result: Thirty mice were divided into three groups, group I (control) , group II animals of this group exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF – MF) generated by electrical device (2mT- 20G) for a total period 45 day(2h/day) and group III exposed to the same field and period after adding vitamin E (200 mg /kg) B.W. along with the drinking water. The results showed many changes such as neuronal degeneration and apoptosis in number of Purkinje cells and showing a decreased reactivity in carbohydrates , protein ,DNA and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) content in (MF) treated group as compared to control , such changes showed improvement of the histolomorpholigical and immunohistochemical changes in magnetic field (MF) and vitamin E treated group. Conclusion: Electromagnetic fields exposure led to degenerative changes on cerebellar cortex, and the data collected from histopathological and immunohistochemical study revealed a protective effect of vitamin E on cellular cortex layers of the cerebellar cortex