Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Predictors of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): A Meta-Analysis

Background Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) becomes more and more frequent after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). There have been no reported meta-analyses to determine the role of these risk factors in predicting CIN in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI. So we made this meta-analysis to summarize the incidence of CIN in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI and to study associations between CIN and several risk factors that are mentioned in most prevention guidelines. Hypothesis The overall incidence of CIN in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI is not low. Many risk factors could influence the occurrence of CIN, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. Methods Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese BioMedical (CBM), were searched for articles published before May 21, 2019, to identify all relevant studies on CIN. The pooled data were analyzed using either fixed-effects or random-effects models depending on heterogeneity (assessed via the I2 index). Results Twelve articles encompassing a total of 6342 patients were included. The overall pooled CIN incidence was 13.3% (95% CI: 10.4–17.1). The forest plots showed positive associations between CIN and the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of prior myocardial infarction, age, damaged left anterior descending artery, Killip class ≥2, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and left ventricular ejection fraction <40%; the odds ratios for these factors were 1.85 (95% CI: 1.57–2.18; p < 0.00001), 1.83 (95% CI: 1.47–2.29; p < 0.00001), 2.14 (95% CI: 1.46–3.14; p < 0.0001), 7.79 (95% CI: 5.24–10.34; p < 0.00001), 1.92 (95% CI: 1.15–3.22; p=0.01), 3.12 (95% CI: 2.21–4.40; p < 0.00001), −6.15 (95% CI: −9.52 to −2.79; p=0.0003), −15.06 (95% CI: −24.75 to −5.36; p=0.002), and 5.53 (95% CI: 1.10–27.95; p=0.04), respectively. Conclusion The overall incidence of CIN in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI was not low and was closely associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of prior myocardial infarction, age, damaged left anterior descending artery, Killip class ≥2, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and left ventricular ejection fraction <40%.
EFFECT OF ATTACHMENT TIME FOLLOWED BY CHLORINE WASHING ON THE SURVIVAL OF INOCULATED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES ON TOMATOES AND SPINACH

The effect of attachment time (30 min, 24, 48 and 72 h) followed by chlorine washing (200 ppm) on the survival of inoculated Listeria monocytogenes on the surface and subsurface of tomatoes and spinach were studied. The work was done to determine the efficacy of chlorine to decontaminate surface and subsurface pathogens that may have come into contact with produce during preharvest. Tomatoes and spinach leaves were inoculated with a 6 log cfu/mL 18 h culture of L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 (LM) on the surface and subsurface and incubated at 20C for either, 30 min, 24, 48 or 72 h. LM attached and survived on the surface and subsurface structures of both control and chlorine-washed vegetables after each attachment time, up to 72 h. Higher levels of LM attachment and survival was however noticed on the subsurface structures. Chlorine had a greater effect on the LM on the surface structures compared to those in the subsurface structures, possibly because chlorine was not able to access the subsurface structures where the pathogens were located. Chlorine was not effective in totally inactivating the surface LM on spinach and tomato. This research indicated that LM could attach to both surface and subsurface structures of both tomatoes and spinach within 30 min and that even after 72 h, it still remained viable. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This study will inform the produce industry on the ability of L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 to attach and grow on the surface and subsurface structures of tomato and spinach during post harvest. More attention should be given to this phenomenon because the use of fresh or minimally processed fruits and vegetables are recommended as part of a healthy diet. It also indicates that minimal processors should avoid using vegetables with wounds since L. monocytogenes attached more to the subsurfaces structures of the produce. Moreover, the use of sanitizers such as chlorine is less effective under these conditions. It has also brought to light the inability of chlorine to effectively decontaminate pathogens making it imperative for the produce industry to implement Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, Good Agricultural Practice and Good Hygiene Practice.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF DIETARY FIBER FROM BAMBOO SHOOTS (PHYLLOSTACHYS PRAECOX)

Dietary fiber are non-digestible constituents of plant cell walls, and comprise a necessary component of diet and its positive connection with human health. Till now, there is no report about the extraction and physicochemical and functional properties of dietary fiber from bamboo shoots. To find the potential applications of dietary fiber from bamboo shoots in food and health products, the effects of chemical, enzymatic methods and particle size distribution on the chemical and structural composition, physicochemical, and functional properties of dietary fibers (DFs) from bamboo shoots were studied. The results showed that BSEDF and BSCDF had higher total DF and higher soluble DF, respectively. The crystalline regions calculated to be higher in latter and both had irregular surfaces and diverse monosaccharide composition. Both fibers showed good functional properties [water retention capacity (WRC) (11.24-15.13g/g), water swelling capacity (WSC) (18.84-28.75 mL/g), oil holding capacity (OAC) (6.71-10.15 g/g), glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) (0.08-6.89 mmol/g) and glucose retardation index (GRI) (3.57-40.92%)]. WRC of BSCDF and BSEDF decreased with the increase in the mesh size (40-200) while, WSC and OAC increased with mesh sizes (40 to 120), followed by decrease above mesh120. Both particle size and extraction methods significantly affected GRI. In conclusion, physico-chemical properties of fibers can be manipulated through treatments (chemical and enzymatic) to improve their overall functionality. Therefore, both BSCDF and BSEDF can find potential applications in food and health products as a functional ingredient in different aspects.
Rivaroxaban for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in abdominoplasty after massive weight loss: 396 cases

Introduction: Abdominoplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures performed in Brazil. Postbariatric patients present a challenge to the plastic surgeon as not only do they have complex reconstructive challenges but also they have residual medical comorbidities and nutritional deficiencies. A serious and potentially fatal complication of abdominoplasty is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the frequency of this serious complication, the accepted standard methods to prevent VTE in abdominoplasty patients, including chemoprophylaxis, remain controversy. Objective: To evaluate the author experience with rivaroxaban, for VTE prophylaxis in abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss. Methods: A retrospective 396 cases series were conducted. All patients who underwent abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery and received rivaroxaban were included. The prophylactic dose was 10 mg daily for 30 days, beginning 24 hours postoperatively. Patient demographics, comorbidities, type of surgery and complications were recorded. Results: From July 2015 until July 2018, 396 post bariatric patients (356 women and 40 men) underwent abdominoplasty and received rivaroxaban postoperatively. The mean body mass index prior to their weight loss procedure was 43.8kg/m2 (range, 37.361.9kg/m2) and mean BMI was 27.2kg/m2 at the time of the abdominoplasty. Mean patient age was 39.1 years. Only one patient had a symptomatic PTE event. Thirteen patients had a hematoma requiring operative evacuation, and all went on to heal without sequel. Conclusions: Routine chemoprophylaxis with rivaroxaban for abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss has a low rate of VTE events. This oral medication is well tolerated and has an acceptable complication profile. ■ ABSTRACT
Structure of Volatile Conduits beneath Gorely Volcano (Kamchatka) Revealed by Local Earthquake Tomography

Gorely is an active volcano located 75 km from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatka. In 2010–2015, it exhibited strong activity expressed by anomalously high gas emission. In 2013–2014, we deployed a temporary network consisting of 20 temporary seismic stations that operated for one year. We selected 333 events with 1613 P-wave and 2421 S-wave arrival times to build the first tomographic model of this volcano. The seismic model was carefully verified using a series of synthetic tests. Our tomographic model provides a mechanism for volatile feeding of Gorely. An unexpected feature of the model was low Vp/Vs ratios; below 1.4 in some parts. One reason for such low Vp/Vs ratios is gas contamination due to magma degassing. In the central part of the model, directly underneath the Gorely crater, we observe a 2.5 km wide and 1.5 km thick seismic anomaly with a very high Vp/Vs ratio of up to 2. This may represent a magma reservoir with a high melt and/or volatile content. The upper limit of this anomaly, 2.5 km below the surface, may indicate the degassing level, which coincides with the most intense seismicity. Below this reservoir, we observe another columnar high Vp/Vs ratio anomaly. This can be interpreted as a conduit bringing magma and fluids from deeper sources.
Short-run reaction to news announcements: UK evidence

In this paper we aim to investigate the behaviour of returns around corporate news announcements. The motivation of the paper is that neither the broad classification of news into “good” and “bad” in many previous studies, nor the focus on only one news announcement type such as earnings announcements, allows us to determine whether returns patterns are in general consistent with efficient markets explanations or behavioural finance models. We study a unique dataset of more than 8,000 news announcements collected for 100 UK companies over a period of 10 years. We compute both daily and cumulative abnormal returns over a 27 day event window to enable the observation not only of event day returns reactions but also pre- and post-event day returns. The results reveal that corporate events convey important economic information to investors. One interesting implication of this is an aggregated holistic approach towards firm events may not be appropriate. Some of the evidence found in this paper is not consistent with the efficient market expectations. Asymmetric reaction, sluggishness, over and underreaction, and leakage are found in many types of news announcements.
Capital Structure and Agency Cost: Study of Conglomerate Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

This study examined the effect of capital structure on agency cost. Population of this research is conglomerate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, amounting to 29 companies. The study period is 2007-2012. Agency cost is measured using the ratio of operating expenses to sales and capital structure measured by the ratio of liabilities and equity. Analysis of the data used in this study is multiple regression. Institutional ownership, size and return on assets (ROA) is a variable control. The results showed that, capital structure, institutional ownership, size and ROA simultaneously positive and significant impact on the agency cost. Partial capital structure and significant positive effect on agency cost. Instititional ownership but not significant positive effect on agency cost. Size positive but not significant effect on agency cost. ROA and significant negative effect on agency cost. Keywords: Agency Problem, Agency Cost, Capital Structure
Probiyotik Escherichia coli Suşu Nissle 1917 Probiotic Escherichia coli Strain Nissle 1917

Probiyotikler yeterli miktarda alındıklarında, konakçının sağlığı üzerine olumlu etkileri bulunan, patojen olmayan canlı mikroorganizmalardır. Probiyotik mikroorganizmalar genellikle fermente süt ürünleri veya gıda takviyeleri gibi gıda maddelerinin bileşenleridir. Gıda endüstrisinde, yaygın olarak Laktik Asit Bakterileri (LAB) kullanılmaktadır. Hayvan besleme, yem endüstrisi ve ilaç sanayiinde ise laktik asit bakterilerinin yanı sıra diğer patojen olmayan ve sağlık üzerine olumlu etkileri bulunan mikroorganizmalar da (Sacchromyces boulardii ve Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 ) kullanılır. Bu çalışmada; probiyotik E. coli suşu Nissle 1917’nin kökeni, tıbbi tarihi, mikrobiyolojik ve genetik özellikleri, biyolojik aktiviteleri, güvenirliliği ve toksikolojik yönü ele alınmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak EcN (E.coli Nissle 1917) ile yapılan klinik deneyler de özetlenecektir. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host when administered in adequate amounts. Probiotic microorganisms are usually components of foods such as fermented dairy products or food supplements. In the food industry, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) is widely used. In livestock breeding, feed industry and pharmaceutical industry, microorganisms which are non-pathogenic and have positive effects on health (Sacchromyces boulardii, and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917) are used besides the lactic acid bacteria. This review focused on origin, medical history, microbiological and genetic characteristics, biological activity, biosafety and toxicological aspects of probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917. Additionally, clinical trials conducted with EcN (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917) will be summarized.
Impact of dietary inclusion of clinoptilolite as substitute of soybean meal on growth performance, dietary energetics and carcass traits of feedlot ewes fed a corn-based diet

espanolRESUMEN: Se utilizaron 40 ovejas (31,725 ± 1,44 kg PV inicial) para evaluar la suplementacion (0, 1, 2 y 3%, en base seca de la dieta) de clinoptilolita (ZEOL) en sustitucion de la harina de soya (SBM) en una dieta de finalizacion a base de maiz en el crecimiento, balance energetico de la dieta y caracteristicas de la canal. El experimento duro 56 dias. Para cada porcentaje de sustitucion de SBM por ZEOL, la proteina cruda y la energia neta (EN) de la dieta basal se redujo en 0,37 unidades porcentuales y 0,02 Mcal/kg, respectivamente. No hubo efecto de los tratamientos en la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), el consumo de materia seca (CMS) o la eficiencia alimenticia (GDP/CMS). La EN de la dieta no se vio afectada por la administracion de ZEOL, pero debido a la caracteristica inerte de ZEOL la relacion de EN dietetica observada-a-esperado aumento linealmente y la proporcion de observado-a-esperado del CMS disminuyo con la suplementacion ZEOL. La clinoptilolita disminuyo linealmente el espesor de la grasa y la grasa visceral, sin efectos en otras medidas de la canal o del peso de los organos (como proporcion de g/kg de peso corporal vacio). La sustitucion de SBM por zeolita hasta 3% no afecto negativamente el crecimiento y las caracteristicas de la canal, resultando que la inclusion de hasta 3% de clinoptilolita en sustitucion de una fuente de alta proteina (SBM) en dietas de acabado tuvo un efecto positivo en la utilizacion de energia de la dieta. EnglishABSTRACT: Forty ewes (31.725±1.44 kg initial LW) were used to evaluate the effects of clinoptilolite (ZEOL) supplementation (0, 1, 2, and 3%, DM basis of diet) as substitute of soybean meal (SBM) in a finishing corn-based diet on growth performance, dietary energetics, and carcass traits. The experiment lasted 56 days. For each percentage of substitution of SBM by ZEOL, the crude protein and net energy (NE) of basal diet were decreased in 0.37 percentage units and 0.02 Mcal/kg, respectively. There were no treatment effects (P>0.27) on average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), and gain efficiency (ADG/DMI). Dietary NE was not affected by ZEOL supplementation (P≥0.69). However, due to the inertness (it does not provide energy) of ZEOL, itself, the ratio of observed-to-expected dietary NE linearly increased (P=0.02) and the ratio of observed-to-expected DMI linearly decreased (P=0.02) with ZEOL supplementation. Clinoptilolite supplementation linearly decreased fat thickness (P=0.02) and visceral fat (P=0.03) with no effects (P≥0.12) on other carcass measures or the organ tissue weights (as proportion of g/kg of empty body weight). Dilution of CP and dietary NE by substitution of SBM by zeolite up to 3% did not negatively affect growth performance and carcass traits. This result suggests that the inclusion of up to 3% of clinoptilolite in substitution of a high protein source (SBM) on finishing diets has a positive effect on the utilization of dietary energy.
Quantitative Quality Evaluation of Software Products by Considering Summary and Comments Entropy of a Reported Bug

A software bug is characterized by its attributes. Various prediction models have been developed using these attributes to enhance the quality of software products. The reporting of bugs leads to high irregular patterns. The repository size is also increasing with enormous rate, resulting in uncertainty and irregularities. These uncertainty and irregularities are termed as veracity in the context of big data. In order to quantify these irregular and uncertain patterns, the authors have appliedentropy-based measures of the terms reported in the summary and the comments submitted by the users. Both uncertainties and irregular patterns have been taken care of byentropy-based measures. In this paper, the authors considered that the bug fixing process does not only depend upon the calendar time, testing effort and testing coverage, but it also depends on the bug summary description and comments. The paper proposed bug dependency-based mathematical models by considering the summary description of bugs and comments submitted by users in terms of the entropy-based measures. The models were validated on different Eclipse project products. The models proposed in the literature have different types of growth curves. The models mainly follow exponential, S-shaped or mixtures of both types of curves. In this paper, the proposed models were compared with the modelsfollowingexponential, S-shaped and mixtures of both types of curves.
Uncertainty Assessment of Hyperspectral Image Classification: Deep Learning vs. Random Forest

Uncertainty assessment techniques have been extensively applied as an estimate of accuracy to compensate for weaknesses with traditional approaches. Traditional approaches to mapping accuracy assessment have been based on a confusion matrix, and hence are not only dependent on the availability of test data but also incapable of capturing the spatial variation in classification error. Here, we apply and compare two uncertainty assessment techniques that do not rely on test data availability and enable the spatial characterisation of classification accuracy before the validation phase, promoting the assessment of error propagation within the classified imagery products. We compared the performance of emerging deep neural network (DNN) with the popular random forest (RF) technique. Uncertainty assessment was implemented by calculating the Shannon entropy of class probabilities predicted by DNN and RF for every pixel. The classification uncertainties of DNN and RF were quantified for two different hyperspectral image datasets—Salinas and Indian Pines. We then compared the uncertainty against the classification accuracy of the techniques represented by a modified root mean square error (RMSE). The results indicate that considering modified RMSE values for various sample sizes of both datasets, the derived entropy based on the DNN algorithm is a better estimate of classification accuracy and hence provides a superior uncertainty estimate at the pixel level.
Oral Hypoglycaemic Activity of Three Ayurvedic Drug Formulations Marketed in Sri Lanka for Diabetes

Most Ayurvedic drug formulations marketed in Sri Lanka for the treatment of diabetes mellitus have not been scientifically evaluated and their therapeutic efficacy remains unknown. The effect of three such formulations, 'Madurneha Harani' syrup, 'Dilini Madumeha Suwaya' syrup, and B' Kapu' tablet, on the fasting blood glucose levels of rats, was investigated. The efficacy of these preparations was evaluated by comparing with a reference hypoglycaemic drug, tolbutamide. The serum glucose level of both 'control' and 'treated' rats was determined by the glucose hexokinase UV procedure. immediately prior to dose administration, and hourly intervals, for 4 h post administration. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in the fasting blood glucose level of rats was observed in the first 3 h post administration for 'Madurneha Haranai' and during the last 3 h, for 'Dilini Madumaha Suwaya'. Madumeha Harani' and 'Dilini Madumeha Suwaya' syrups exhibited 49.9% and 57.6% of oral hypoglycaemic activity of tolbutamide, respectively, and thus merit further investigation on their mode of action.
GEOBIA at the Terapixel Scale: Toward Efficient Mapping of Small Woody Features from Heterogeneous VHR Scenes

Land cover mapping has benefited a lot from the introduction of the Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) paradigm, that allowed to move from a pixelwise analysis to a processing of elements with richer semantic content, namely objects or regions. However, this paradigm requires to define an appropriate scale, that can be challenging in a large-area study where a wide range of landscapes can be observed. We propose here to conduct the multiscale analysis based on hierarchical representations, from which features known as differential attribute profiles are derived over each single pixel. Efficient and scalable algorithms for construction and analysis of such representations, together with an optimized usage of the random forest classifier, provide us with a semi-supervised framework in which a user can drive mapping of elements such as Small Woody Features at a very large area. Indeed, the proposed open-source methodology has been successfully used to derive a part of the High Resolution Layers (HRL) product of the Copernicus Land Monitoring service, thus showing how the GEOBIA framework can be used in a big data scenario made of more than 38,000 Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite images representing more than 120 TB of data.
Dengue vector surveillance in insular settlements of Pulau Ketam , Selangor , Malaysia

A year-long ovitrap surveillance was conducted between November 2007 and October 2008 in two insular settlements (Kampung Pulau Ketam and Kampung Sungai Lima) within the Malaysian island of Pulau Ketam. Eighty standard ovitraps were placed indoors and outdoors of randomly selected houses/locations. Results demonstrated an endemic baseline Aedes population throughout the year without weekly large fluctuations. Kampung Pulau Ketam has high Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus population, but only Ae. aegypti was found in Kampung Sungai Lima. Aedes aegypti showed no preference for ovitraps placed indoor versus outdoor. However, as expected, significantly more outdoor ovitraps were positive for Ae. albopictus (p<0.05). Trends in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti populations mirrored each other suggesting that common factors influenced these two populations.