Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PARATHYROID HORMONE LEVEL IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease caused by acid fast bacilli Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and is responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths every year, hence is a major global health problem specially in developing countries. Interrelation between Tuberculosis and malnutrition is as old as the disease itself. Disease outcome and morlality in PTB depends on strength of immune system which in turn inﬂuenced by the nutrilional status of an individual. Calcium is an essential macro mineral is altered in various infection including granulomatous diseases. MATERIAL AND METHOD : The study was conducted on 100 adults (both males and females) from low socioeconomic status out of which 40 were newly diagnosed (Group A), 30 were relapsed PTB cases (Group B) and 30 were healthy age and gender matched non family member of patients that served as controls (Group C). After an informed consent, all were subjected to anthropometric measurements and biochemical investigations i.e Total protein (Biuret Method, Accurex), Albumin (BCG dye binding method Accurex). Total Calcium (Arsenozo III Methord, Accurex), Phosphorus (Phosphomolybdate UV Method, Accurex) and ALP (Kinetic Method). RESULT AND DISCUSSION : No signiﬁcant difference was seen in ages among all the groups. BMI, Total protein and Albumin were signiﬁcantly (P<0.05) low in Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) than controls. Since TB is associated with severe chachexi, wasting and low albumin, lonic and corrected TCa was calculated and were singniﬁcantly high (p<0.05). CONCLUSION : Poor nutrition(Low protein)may be a risk factor for the tuberculosis. And studies indicating that incidence of tuberculosis is unusually high among malnourished people. The host protective immune mechanism of TB infection depends critically on the interaction and cooperation between monocyte –macrophages and t-lymphocytes .
Review on natural ester and nanofluids as an environmental friendly alternative to transformer mineral oil

The development of reliable, environmentally safe and economic insulating oil for the transformer is an endless effort of the electrical industry. Recent research is based on natural ester fluid, the green insulating oil which exhibits excellent dielectric performance and environment friendly characteristics. Nanofluids are also emerging as potential replacement for the conventional mineral oil used in transformers. Characterisation of nanoparticle filled mineral oil and natural esters have validated their improved dielectric behaviour in comparison to the unfilled oil. Although the applications are wide, the state of the art technology requires a deeper understanding of the underlying phenomenon. Much work is expected to be done in the application of nanofluids prepared with mineral oil and natural ester, particularly its effect on the cellulose insulation. The study provides an overview of the different materials that have been used as alternatives to the conventional transformer mineral oil, with special emphasis on natural esters and natural ester nanofluids, their advantages and challenges.
Viewpoints Planning for Active 3-D Reconstruction of Profiled Blades Using Estimated Occupancy Probabilities (EOP)

Reconstructing 3-D models of blades plays an increasingly important role in manufacturing. However, the scanning equipment cannot acquire a complete model of a blade with one scanning due to its discontinuous and complex spatial surface. How to plan the viewpoints in presence of the thin walled and free-form properties of blades is a challenging task. In this article, we propose a novel viewpoint planning algorithm using estimated occupancy probabilities. Existing viewpoint planning methods do not consider the enough overlaps, which are important for data registration. We predict surface overlaps using an estimated OctoMap. OctoMap is an efficient probabilistic framework for 3-D occupancy grid mapping. However, the occupancy probabilities of occluded voxels in the original OctoMap remain unknown, which makes it impossible to calculate the overlap of candidate viewpoints. Hence, a recursive Bayesian filter is designed to estimate occupancy probabilities of occluded voxels. With more specific occupancy probabilities, the overlap of a viewpoint is predicted by the ray tracing technology. Experiments on four different profiled blades synthetic datasets show that our algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of controlling overlap rate. The efficiency of our method is confirmed by real world experiments with low registration failure frequency in reconstruction.
Mammuthus (Mammalia, Proboscidea) à la croisée de la Beringia, avec une digression sur les mammifères

ABSTRACT Mammuthus (Mammalia, Proboscidea) at the crossroads in Beringia, with a digression on mammals. The latest DNA analyses of woolly mammoths confirm the antiquity of the differentiation of the species Mammuthus primigenius, c. 600 000-800 000 years ago. They renew also the study of the “transition” between Mammuthus trogontherii and Mammuthus primigenius. The different ways of practicing multiple approaches in evolutionary biology are evoked, with the examples of the woolly mammoth and of the interrelationships of Mammalia.
Impact of improved common bean varieties on household food security on adopters in Tanzania

ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the impact of improved common bean varieties on food security using two indicators: per capita food consumption expenditure and dietary diversity score. A generalised propensity score matching technique and an instrumental variable approach were used to assess the impact of improved bean adoption on household food security outcomes. Results show that the effect of improved common bean adoption is generally positive and increases with area allocated for improved beans. The study also provides useful lessons for breeding programs targeting to achieve higher food security outcomes among land-constrained producers.
Monetary Policy Uncertainty and Monetary Policy Surprises

Abstract Monetary policy uncertainty affects the transmission of monetary policy shocks to longer-term nominal and real yields. For a given monetary policy shock, the reaction of yields is more pronounced when the level of monetary policy uncertainty is low. Primary dealers and other investors adjust their interest rate positions more when monetary policy uncertainty is low than when uncertainty is high. These portfolio adjustments likely explain the larger pass-through of a monetary policy shock to bond yields when uncertainty is low. These findings shed new light on the role that monetary policy uncertainty plays in the transmission of monetary policy to financial markets.
Event‐triggered stabilisation for switched delayed differential systems: the input‐to‐state stability

In this study, the boundedness and the input-to-state stabilisation problems are investigated for a kind of switched delayed differential systems with exogenous disturbances. To reduce the communication burden, an event-triggered strategy is adopted in the feedback control loop to stabilise the addressed switched delayed differential systems. The notions of boundedness and input-to-state practical stability are employed to characterise the control objectives in the presence of exogenous disturbances, switching signals and event-triggered schemes. Some upper bounds on the system states are obtained and the Zeno phenomenon is shown to be excluded under the proposed event-triggered scheme. The gain of the feedback controller, the parameters of the event-triggering function and the switching signals are jointly designed for the underlying delayed differential systems. At last, a numerical example is exploited to given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the authors' developed control scheme.
Fake News Detection with Generated Comments for News Articles

Recently, fake news is shared via social networks and makes wrong rumors more diffusible. This problem is serious because the wrong rumor sometimes make social damage by deceived people. Fact-checking is a solution to measure the credibility of news articles. However the process usually takes a long time and it is hard to make it before their diffusion. Automatic detection of fake news is a popular researching topic. It is confirmed that considering not only articles but also social contexts(i.e. likes, retweets, replies, comments) supports to spot fake news correctly. However, the social contexts are naturally unavailable when an article comes out, making early fake news detection by means of the social context useless. We propose a fake news detector with the ability to generate fake social contexts, aiming to detect fake news in the early stage of its diffusion where few social contexts are available. The fake context generation is based on a fake news generator model. This model is trained to generate comments using a dataset which consists of news articles and their social contexts. In addition, we also trained a classify model. This used news articles, real-posted comments, and generated comments. To measure our detector’s effectiveness, we examined the performance of the generated comments for articles with real comments and generated ones by the classifying model. As a result, we conclude that considering a generated comment help detect more fake news than considering real comments only. It suggests that our proposed detector will be effective to spot fake news on social networks.
Colonisation of kiwifruit orchards by endemic scarabaeoids (Coleoptera)

Horticultural systems can be important habitats for some endemic species. Knowledge of their biodiversity is, however, very limited. Scarabaeoid beetles from a kiwifruit orchard were sampled weekly by superbright LED-lit window-pane type traps over a period of two years (2007–2009). Eight endemic and five adventive scarabaeoid species were identified. Four of the endemic species were Scarabaeidae and four were Lucanidae. The most abundant scarab and lucanid was Costelytra zealandica White and Mitophyllus arcuatus Holloway respectively. Two other endemic melolonthine scarabs, Odontria borealis (Given) and O. sylvatica Broun, were also relatively abundant. Results of a linear discriminant analysis of four habitats (bush, kiwifruit, shelter trees and pasture) based on the total scarabaeoid fauna suggested that shelter trees differ from the other three. There may be preferential use of shelter trees for oviposition or for mating and as a dispersal corridor. This study suggests that kiwifruit orchards do provide habitats for a variety of endemic scarabaeoids other than the widespread C. zealandica.
Fine Mapping and Characterization of Quantitative Trait Loci Hd4 and Hd5 Controlling Heading Date in Rice.

Fine mapping of Hd4 and Hd5, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heading date in rice, was performed by using advanced backcross progeny derived from a cross between a japonica rice variety, Nipponbare, and an indica variety, Kasalath. Hd4 was mapped between restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers R46 and C39 in the proximal region of chromosome 7, and Hd5 was mapped between C166 and R902 on the short arm of chromosome 8; both QTLs mapped as single Mendelian factors. We used marker-assisted selection to develop two nearly isogenic lines (NIL), designated NIL(Hd4) and NIL(Hd5), in which small chromosomal segments of Kasalath including Hd4 and Hd5, respectively, each were substituted into the genetic background of Nipponbare. Compared with that of Nipponbare, days-to-heading of NIL(Hd4) and NIL(Hd5) increased under long-day and natural-field conditions, but no differences were observed between those of the two NILs and Nipponbare under short-day conditions. Epistatic interaction was detected between Hd5 and Hd1, a key photoperiod sensitivity QTL, on the basis of an analysis of the F2 population derived from a cross between the NIL(Hd5) and NIL(Hd1). This result suggests that Hd5 is involved in photoperiod sensitivity and may act downstream or upstream of Hd1 in the same photoperiodic pathway. In comparison, the genetic effect of Hd5 was additive to that of Hd2, another key photoperiod-sensitivity QTL, indicating that Hd2 acts in a different photoperiodic pathway other than that of Hd1 and Hd5. The genetic effect of Hd4 was additive to those of Hd1 and Hd2; thus, epistatic interaction between these loci was not detected.
Shifting the perspective from ‘incapable’ to ‘capable’ for artists with cognitive disability; case studies in Australia and South Korea

Abstract This study examined four inclusive arts organisations in Australia and South Korea, providing creative services for artists living with cognitive disability, including autism, intellectual and mental disability. This research study focused on exploring what support inclusive arts organisations and society have provided for artists living with cognitive disability to pursue professional careers. The qualitative study used proxy intervention interviews with art staff and administrators from the four inclusive arts organisations and observation as a research method to include artists living with cognitive disability who do not speak. The findings reveal significant social support and strategies of the organisations are needed for artists living with cognitive disability to develop their art careers. It also discusses the impact of shifting the perception of disability from ‘incapable’ to ‘capable’ for artists living with cognitive disability in the wider mainstream art community and society. Points of interest The study collected data through proxy interviews and observation in inclusive arts organisations which provide significant individual and organisational support for artists living with cognitive disability in Australia and South Korea The study found a growing demand for the development of artistic careers for artists living with cognitive disability as professionals beyond therapeutic or recreational art. Inclusive arts organisations provide creative services as a pathway of professional development for artists living with severe cognitive disability and communication difficulty. Art staff and administrators consulted in this study asserted that the public perception of people living with disability as being ‘incapable’ is embedded in our society. The study discusses positive ripple-effects on society when the perception around disability is shifted from ‘incapable’ to ‘capable’.
Expression of β‐catenin in normal breast tissue and breast carcinoma: a comparative study with epithelial cadherin and α‐catenin

Expression of β‐catenin was investigated in normal breast tissue and 66 breast carcinomas in conjunction with expression of epithelial cadherin (E‐CD) and α‐catenin. In normal mammary ducts and acini, intense β‐catenin immunoreactivity was present at the basolateral surfaces of luminal epithelium and weak immunoreactivity was observed at the lateral borders of myoepithelial cells. No β‐catenin was revealed at the myoepithelial basal surface. The intercellular expression of β‐catenin, as well as of E‐CD and α‐catenin, was also observed in carcinoma tissues with varying staining intensity. Almost all of 10 intraductal carcinomas and approximately 70% of 41 invasive ductal carcinomas expressed the three molecules at the same level as in normal glands, whereas approximately 80% of 13 invasive lobular carcinomas showed severe deficiency of them. Two lobular carcinomas in situ showed complete absence of all of the proteins. Some of these findings were confirmed biochemically by immunoblotting analysis. In invasive ductal carcinomas, α‐catenin was reduced more frequently in diffuse than in solid type tumours, whereas the level of expression of β‐catenin and E‐CD was unchanged between them. No correlation was present between reduced expression of the adhesion molecules and lymph node metastasis.
Dioon holmgrenii (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new species ofDioon (Dioon holmgrenii), found on the Pacific slope of southern Oa xaca, is characterized by leaflets which are spinulose especially on the upper margin, elongate and narrow. Distribution and ecology of OaxacanDioon species are reported.
Methocinnamox Produces Sustained Antagonism of the Antinociceptive Effects of Morphine and Persistent Decreases in [3H]DAMGO Binding to μ Opioid Receptors in Rat Cortex

The opioid crisis continues in the US despite the availability of pharmacotherapies that are effective in some patients. A novel μ opioid receptor antagonist, methocinnamox (MCAM), has a long duration of action in blocking the effects of opioids, which could provide a substantial advantage over currently available medications, particularly for overdose. MCAM has been shown to attenuate the behavioral effects of μ, but not k, opioid receptor agonists, and this antagonism, which can last for several weeks, is thought to be due to pseudoirreversible binding of MCAM to μ opioid receptors. In the current study, a warm water tail withdrawal procedure was used to examine sustained antagonism by MCAM in one group of 8 rats. This study showed that 10 mg/kg MCAM attenuated the antinociceptive effects of morphine (1.78–17.8 mg/kg) 5 and 13 days after MCAM administration with antagonism beginning to wane 21 days after MCAM. In separate groups of 8 rats, that same dose of MCAM decreased [3H]DAMGO binding to μ opioid receptors in rat cortical homogenates measured 1, 5 and 21 days after MCAM injection, indicating that MCAM occupied μ opioid receptors at all time points tested. For example, maximal binding (Bmax) was 28.51 ± 3.33 and 30.96 ± 1.73 fmol/mg protein 5 and 21 days, respectively, after vehicle administration, and 16.03 ± 4.15 and 12.50 ± 1.27 fmol/mg protein 5 and 21 days, respectively, after administration of 10 mg/kg MCAM. Binding affinity (KD) was not markedly changed after MCAM administration. Thus, MCAM produces a sustained decrease in [3H]DAMGO binding to μ opioid receptors in rat cortex that parallels antagonism of the antinociceptive effects of μ opioid receptor agonists. This finding supports the notion that MCAM blocks the behavioral effects of μ opioid receptor agonists by binding pseudoirreversibly to these receptors. The unique binding profile of MCAM to μ opioid receptors could increase the usefulness of MCAM as a treatment for opioid abuse and overdose.
Physical and mechanical properties of natural fiber from Sansevieria trifasciata and Agave sisalana

Sansevieria and sisal plants are ornamental plants that are very famous in Indonesia. Both are plants grow easily even though in the area with less water and sunlight. These plants have potential natural fibers that are used as raw material requirements for the fabric textile industry. The aims of this research were to determine physical and mechanical characteristics of sansevieria and sisal for fibers utilization. The mechanical decortication process was used for fiber extraction. The research method used was an experimental laboratory with a descriptive method. Parameters measured were length and diameter of fiber, color, fineness, moisture regain, tensile strength, and stretch strength. The results revealed that sansevieria and sisal fibers have diameter 103,60 μm and 182,50 μm; average length 68,40 cm and 81,60 cm; brightness level (L*) 67,62 and 66,42; yellowness (b*) 20,42 dan 23,80; fineness 6,30 tex and 19,70 tex; moisture regain 11,93 and 12,57 tensile strength per bundle 24,891.60 gf and 35,263.90 gf; stretch strength per bundle 20% and 22,90%. The physical and mechanical characterization showed that sisal fiber had better characteristics than sansevieria fiber. Fibers from these two plants have potential textile material characteristics, which are used as a needle.
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the impacts of private policing within an urban area

ABSTRACT Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) provide essential jobs, goods and services contributing to social and economic stability within their neighbourhoods. Crime threatens the stability of SMEs and is one of the leading reasons these businesses fail. Using semi-structured interviews with 38 businesses located in five different neighbourhoods throughout Detroit, this study explores SMEs perspectives on the impact of private policing. Findings from the data highlight three important themes: First, the ways in which SMEs use private policing services varies according to their location within the city and their proximity to larger corporations; Second, there are certain services that are used by SMEs irrespective of their location within the city, and the rationale for how these services are used is the same across businesses; Third, public-private law enforcement partnerships can greatly benefit SMEs, but such partnerships are most effective when they include the private police forces of larger corporations.
Investigating Factorial Invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms - 34 (CCAPS-34) With Military and Nonmilitary Students

Abstract This study assessed factorial invariance of scores from the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms − 34 (CCAPS-34) across military (n = 2,836) and nonmilitary (n = 2,836) students accessing counseling services between 2014 and 2016. Based on factorial invariance tests, findings suggest the CCAPS-34 measures the same constructs across both groups.
Environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments: effects of physical structures and substrates

Structural environmental enrichment, that is, a deliberate addition of physical complexity to the rearing environment, is sometimes utilized to reduce the expression of the undesirable traits that fish develop in captivity. Increasing demands and regulations regarding usage of enrichment to promote fish welfare also make investigations on the effects of enrichment important. Here, we sythesize the current state-of-the-art knowledge about the effects of structural environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments. We find that enrichment can affect several aspects of the biology of captive fish, for example, aggression, stress, energy expenditure, injury and disease susceptibility. Importantly, these effects are often varying in direction and magnitude, and it is clear that just addition of structure is not a solution to all problems in fish rearing. Each species and life stage needs special consideration with respect to its natural history and preferences. A multitude of different enrichment types has been investigated and many studies investigate several enrichment components at the same time, making comparisons among studies difficult. To the present date, the majority of efforts have been directed to investigate salmonid fish in stock-fish hatcheries and cichlids from a basic research perspective. Some contexts are under-studied with respect to environmental enrichment, for instance effects on results in basic research and welfare effects in display aquaria. There are many research opportunities left within this field. However, future studies could utilize experimental designs which make it possible to discriminate between effects of different environmental manipulations to a higher degree than what has been performed to this date.