Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cephalometric Diagnosis with Cbct: Algorithm of Correlation between Sagittal and Vertical Dimensions

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze and classify a sample size of CT Cone Beam of 201 patients and to identify the correlation between the various cephalometric dimensions. Material and methods: A sample of 201 patients was randomly selected from an archive of about 650; these patients underwent CT Cone beam technique performed with I-Cat Classic®. The CBCT of selected subjects were analyzed according to the three-dimensional cephalometry of the School of Milan with the software Materialise Mimics®. The results contrast with the samples of populations of Class II Malocclusion reported in the literature (2001, Angle, 1907), in which it is reported that the 2nd deep-vertibite Classes are the most representative of the normo and openvertibite. Statistical comparison was performed with the unpaired t-tests. It was therefore decided to study the sample of 61 subjects with 2nd class normovertibite with a mathematical algorithm developed by the School of Milan. This algorithm allows correlation of the sagittal and vertical dimensions, especially designed to adapt to the potential of calculation and cephalometric measurement of the Materialise Mimics® software. Results: The results show that by correcting the sagittal dimension, 40 subjects of 61 become deepvertibite, while 21 remain normovertibite, thus obtaining a sample of Class II Malocclusion consistent with data reported in the literature. Conclusion: The various dysmorphic disorders rarely occur in one direction of space, and finding a pure form malocclusion is rare: dentofacial abnormalities often coexist, involving three-dimensional anatomical structures developed in all directions of space.
A rare case of hyperfunctioning papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland

We report a rare case of hyperfunctioning papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. A 32-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of a painless mass in the left neck, which had been detected on routine physical check-up. Cervical ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a solid tumor with calcification in the left lobe of the thyroid gland. Serum examinations demonstrated hyperthyroidism with a high level of thyroglobulin. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed a cytological diagnosis of class II. Tc-99m scintigraphy showed a hot nodule in the left lobe, which implied that the tumor was a hyperfunctioning thyroid tumor. Left lobectomy of the thyroid gland was performed to treat the hyperfunctioning tumor. Postoperative pathological examinations revealed a follicular variant papillary carcinoma. Postoperative thyroid function became within the normal range. Although hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinomas are rare, it is important to correctly diagnose them and to perform appropriate surgical interventions.
Circadian rhythmicity in dopamine content of mammalian retina: role of the photoreceptors

Dopamine, the predominant retinal catecholamine, is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator known to regulate light‐adaptive retinal processes. Because dopamine influences several rhythmic events in the retina it is also a candidate for a retinal circadian signal. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we have tested whether dopamine and its breakdown products are rhythmic in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with normal and dystrophic retinas. In both normal and mutant animals entrained to a 12‐h light/12‐h dark cycle, we found robust daily rhythms of dopamine and its two major metabolites. To address circadian rhythmicity of dopamine content, rats were entrained to light/dark cycles and released into constant darkness, using the circadian rhythm of wheel‐running activity as a marker of each individual's circadian phase. Circadian rhythms of dopamine and metabolite content persisted in both wild type and retinally degenerate animals held for two weeks in constant darkness. Our results demonstrate for the first time clear circadian rhythms of dopamine content and turnover in a free‐running mammal, and suggest that rods and cones are not required for dopamine rhythmicity .
Axially Steered Spots of Near-Field Fresnel Zone Plate Lens With Sweeping Frequency

The frequency performance of near-field fresnel zone plate (NFFZP) is of fundamental interest in electromagnetic field. An NFFZP lens is designed to focus a spherical wave at a spot. The spots of NFFZP lens are electronically steered forward and backward on the axis according to the operating frequency. Several nonlinear formulas are derived to describe the spots movement with sweeping frequency. The focal shifts of the primary and fractional spots are presented and analyzed. Furthermore, the power drift, the depth of focus, the sidelobe level, and the lens resolution are characterized. All the results are verified by performing full-wave simulations in Ku-band.
[Contrast medium-enhanced MR angiography of the pelvic and leg vessels with an automated table-feed technique].

PURPOSE To evaluate contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (ceMRA) with an automated table-feed technique in patients with arterio-occlusive disease for imaging of the pelvic and peripheral arteries. METHODS Twenty-two patients underwent three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography in a three-step automatic table-feed technique on a Magnetom Symphony operating at 1.5 Tesla. Maximum intensity projection images (MIP) were generated from the subtracted and original studies. Image quality and venous contrast were evaluated by two groups of observers. 304 vessels (17 patients) were compared with DSA as the standard of reference. RESULTS All examinations were performed without any technical problems. Diagnostic quality of the MIP of subtracted data sets was superior to that of the unsubtracted images. Venous overlay was 61% in the lower leg. In a total of 599 observations, a sensitivity of 96% (95%, 82%) and a specificity of 87% (88%, 99%) were high compared to DSA in the detection of significant stenoses > or = 50% (> or = 75%, occlusions). Interobserver correlation was good (linear correlation 0.9). CONCLUSION Stepping-table digital subtraction contrast enhanced MRA is a promising technique in the diagnosis of peripheral arterio-occlusive disease.
Preliminary studies on the age and growth of blue (Prionace glauca), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus), and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks from California waters

Two methods of enhancing growth bands on vertebral centra-silver nitrate impregnation and X -radiography -have proven to be successful when used on centra from 130 blue, Prionace glauca, 143 common thresher ,Alopias vulpinus, and 44 shortfin maim, Isurus oxyrinchus, sharks. Bands were counted and measured, and these data were used to construct growth curves based on the von Bertalanffy and logistic growth models. The problems of verification of these counts, and validation of the periodicity of band formation, have been identified and are discussed in relation to the growth curves generated for each of these three species. Our results and other available information indicate that these elasmobranchs grow relatively slowly, reaching their asymptotic lengths at 20 yr of age for blue sharks, and between 45 and 50 yr for shortfin mako and common thresher sharks. They have a large size but relatively early age of ilrst reproductive maturity, and low fecundities. This combination of traits could make them susceptible
Annular ring shaped DGS to reduce mutual coupling between two microstrip patches

Ring shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is explored to reduce mutual coupling between two circular microstrip patches. Reduction by about 4 dB has been demonstrated employing simulation and measurements executed in X-band. The defect surrounding a patch also indicates 5-20 dB reduction in its cross-polarized fields. Although some backward radiation, caused by leakage through the defect, is experimentally observed, they always remain at least 15 dB below the co-polar peak level.
Stress Analysis on the Folded Beams of a MEM Accelerometer

The elastic behavior of a system can be determined by the stress analysis. This knowledge is useful in order to not exceed its limit of elasticity that means, to avoid permanent deformations, which can totally modify the performance of the system. In this paper, theoretical and simulated results of the normal stress generated in the folded beams of an accelerometer, under constant acceleration, are presented. The system under analysis has a suspended mass by means of four flat beams. The analysis was realized considering a cantilever, because this element is used as beam of support. A uniformly distributed load is present on the suspension beams. In simulations, 1g (9.81 m/s2) was applied to several accelerometers with different dimensions and geometries, with the purpose of observing that the normal stress should not exceed the elastic limit of silicon.
The Synthesis of Fetal and Adult Hemoglobin in Sheep During the Perinatal Period 1

Summary The presence of adult hemoglobin has been detected in fetal sheep blood by column chromatography as early as 4 weeks prior to birth. The transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin synthesis in sheep is essentially completed within a 2-month period including one prenatal month and one postnatal month. This rate of transition is much faster than in man.
Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subjects or if there are differences in bacterial recolonization between supragingival and subgingival biofilms in periodontal health and disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Supragingival and subgingival plaque samples were taken separately from 28 teeth in 38 healthy and 17 periodontitis subjects immediately after professional cleaning. Samples were taken again from seven teeth in randomly selected quadrants after 1, 2, 4 and 7 d of no oral hygiene and analyzed using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. The percentage of DNA probe counts were averaged within subjects at each time-point. Ecological succession was determined using a modified moving-window analysis. RESULTS Succession in supragingival biofilms from subjects with periodontitis and from healthy individuals was similar. At 1 d, Streptococcus mitis and Neisseria mucosa showed increased proportions, followed by Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Eikenella corrodens, Veillonella parvula and Streptococcus oralis at 1-4 d. At 4-7 d, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter showae, Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella nigrescens became elevated. Subgingival plaque redevelopment was slower and very different from supragingival plaque redevelopment. Increased proportions were first observed for S. mitis, followed by V. parvula and C. gingivalis and, at 7 d, by Capnocytophaga sputigena and P. nigrescens. No significant increase in the proportions of periodontal pathogens was observed in any of the clinical groups or locations. CONCLUSION There is a defined order in bacterial species succession in early supragingival and subgingival biofilm redevelopment after professional cleaning.
Region mutual information based objective evaluation measure for image fusion considering robustness

An objective performance measure for image fusion considering region information is proposed. The measure not only reflects how much the pixel level information that fused image takes from the source image, but also considers the region features between source images and fused image. We conducted several simulations which show that our measure accords with subjective evaluations. Considering the robustness of image fusion, we test some exciting fusion method by appending any levels noise as disturbance. By the experiments, we find that robustness is an ignored performance should be given more attention to.
Prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 6 Variants A and B in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 13 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and 13 healthy controls were analyzed for the presence of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) DNA by variant‐specific polymerase chain reaction and dot blot hybridization. HHV‐6 DNA was detected in 7 of 13 (53%) patients, and of those 7 patients, 4 were positive for HHV‐6 variant A DNA and 3 were for variant B. No HHV‐6 DNA was detected in the controls. Serum antibody titers to the late antigen and antibody prevalence to the early antigen of HHV‐6 were significantly higher in the patient group. These results suggest active replication of HHV‐6 in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
Approche interdisciplinaire de la conception des environnements numériques de travail

Notre problematique de recherche en Informatique est ancree en Traitement Automatique des Langues (TAL). Nous nous interessons a la conception centree-utilisateur d'environnements logiciels ou les ressources et les processus mobilises sont avant tout construits autour et en fonction des attentes et capacites interpretatives de l'utilisateur. La problematique interdisciplinaire par nature de l'interpretation est ici omnipresente. Nous devons tirer des ponts entre disciplines : entre l'informatique et la linguistique, plus precisement le courant de la semantique interpretative et entre l'informatique et les sciences cognitives, plus precisement le courant de l'enaction. L'interpretation dans un environnement numerique n'est pas dissociable d'un couplage personne-systeme et de l'action de l'utilisateur dans cet environnement. Il en decoule que nos objets d'etude sont principalement des usages et meme des contournements d'usages vertueux par serendipite. Les perspectives de recherche ouvertes s'orientent donc naturellement vers une mise en valeur de « l'agir interpretatif » dans les environnements numeriques.
Mortality risk in the French cohort of uranium miners: extended follow-up 1946–1999

Objectives: This paper presents the risk of death from lung cancer and from other causes of death for the French cohort of uranium miners through 1999 and estimates associations with radon exposure. Methods: The cohort includes men employed as uranium miners for at least 1 year between 1946 and 1990. For each miner, vital status and cause of death were obtained from the national registry, and radon exposure was reconstructed for each year. Standardised mortality ratios were computed with national mortality rates as references. Exposure–risk relationships were estimated by Poisson regression, with a linear excess relative risk (ERR) model and a 5-year lag. Results: The cohort included 5086 miners and 153 063 person-years of exposure. The mean duration of follow-up was 30.1 years. In all 4140 miners exposed to radon, the average cumulative exposure was 36.6 working level months (WLM). There were 1411 deaths of miners <85 years of age. The miners did not differ significantly in overall mortality from the general male population. The analysis confirmed an excess risk of lung cancer death (n = 159; SMR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.68), which increased significantly with cumulative radon exposure (ERR per 100 WLM = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.29 to 1.35). The ERR per unit exposure was much higher after 1955, when the accuracy of exposure measurement improved substantially (ERR per 100 WLM = 2.00; 95% CI: 0.91 to 3.65). A significant excess of kidney cancer deaths was observed (n = 20; SMR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.09), which was not associated with cumulative radon exposure. No excess was observed for other causes of death, except silicosis (n = 23; SMR = 7.12; 95% CI: 4.51 to 10.69). Conclusions: The analysis confirmed the excess risk of death from lung cancer associated with low radon exposure. An excess risk of death from kidney cancer was also observed, apparently not associated with cumulative radon exposure.
Depression and essential health risk factors in surgical patients in the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment clinic

Background and objective Depression is common in patients with medical illness. However, little is known about frequency and clinical relevance of preoperative depression in surgical patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of depression, essential health risk factors and hospital length of stay (LOS) of patients in preoperative anaesthesiological assessment. Methods Patients were consecutively screened in the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment clinics. In total, 5429 patients gave written informed consent to perform a computerised self-assessment of lifestyle factors, including alcohol use, tobacco smoking, weight, physical status, physical exercise, sleeping disturbance, subjective health and sense of coherence (SOC). Depression was defined by a WHO-5 well-being score of 13 or less. LOS was obtained from the electronic patient management system. Results A clinically relevant depressive state was found in 29.7% of the patients. Patients with depression had a median LOS of 6.0 days as compared to patients with positive well-being who had a LOS of 4.8 days (P < 0.001). Worse subjective health, less physical exercise and experience of SOC, as well as more severe sleeping disturbances were independently and significantly associated with depression (P < 0.001). Conclusion Clinically significant depressive states are frequent conditions in surgical patients of preoperative anaesthesiological assessment and are associated with an increased LOS. Different clinical pathways delivering adequate preoperative information according to the needs, considering subjective health and SOC of the patient as well as avoiding immobilisation and sleep disturbances during hospital stay should be considered. Long-term treatment programmes including brief intervention in the hospital and an outpatient concept should be offered.
Hepatitis B Virus Infection in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, and Effect of Entecavir in Prophylactic Antiviral Therapy

Background: specialized studies on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and B-NHL (B-cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma) are limited, as well as prophylactic antiviral therapy for B-NHL patients with HBV infection who are receiving anticancer chemotherapy. This study aims to investigate the association between HBV infection and B-NHL, and to evaluate the effect of prophylactic antiviral therapy for HBV-infected B-NHL patients. Study design: A retrospective, case-control study was performed. The study group included 420 patients with B-NHL who were consecutively diagnosed from May 2003 to October 2013 (age range, 14 - 71 years), and the control group included 1280 Chinese residents in Guangxi who participated in the Health Survey (age range, 18 - 74 years). We compared the prevalence rate of HBV infection and clinic-pathologic characteristics between the two groups. The prevalence rate of HBV infection in our study was 34.7% (146/420), higher than the prevalence rate of 13.9% (178/1280) in the general population (P < 0.001). Among 146 B-NHL patients who received anticancer chemotherapy, 104 patients (71.2%) received prophylactic antiviral therapy. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that HBV may play an important role in development of B-NHL. Entecavir maybe the better antiviral drugs than Lamivudine, and antiviral therapy is maintained more than 6 months that maybe the optimal duration of prophylactic antiviral therapy. But further investigation should be conducted for determination of optimal duration and monitoring of antiviral therapy.
Dynamic Modelling and Hardware-inthe-loop Simulation applied to a Mechatronic Project

At the present study Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) techniques are applied in the control designing and development stages of a complex mechatronic project. Complex mechatronic systems usually have several degrees of freedom (DOFs), many sensors and a large number of work condition possibilities. Such techniques aim to extend the capability and flexibility of projects development and designing. Also, the methodology uses to be based on the simulation of part of the system, or a group of them, in a virtual environment provided with real time software and hardware. The simulation works in synchronism with a real system through a virtual-electro-electronic interface. In this paper HIL techniques are used to design and develop a control system for a complex mechatronic project. The project consists on a several DOFs anthropomorphic hand which is intended to realize manipulation tasks. In the development stage each real subsystem, i.e. controller, actuators and sensors, is tested working in set with a simulated system. Results show that HIL techniques improves the capability and flexibility at system development, and, additionally, allow designing and development of more complex mechatronic systems.
Bayesian decision theory: A simple toy problem

We give here a comparison of the expected outcome theory, the expected utility theory, and the Bayesian decision theory, by way of a simple numerical toy problem in which we look at the investment willingness to avert a high impact low probability event. It will be found that for this toy problem the modeled investment willingness under the Bayesian decision theory is minimally three times higher compared to the investment willingness under either the expected outcome or the expected utility theories, where it is noted that the estimates of the latter two theories seem to be unrealistically low.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in myocardial disease

31-phosphorous (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a technique that allows the noninvasive characterization of the biochemical and metabolic state of the myocardium in vivo. MRS is a pure form of molecular imaging using magnetic resonance signals from nuclei with nuclear spin to assess cardiac metabolism without the need for external radioactive tracers. 31P MRS provides information on the underlying metabolic abnormalities that are fundamental to common conditions including ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy and valvular disease. 31P MRS could potentially also have a role to play in assessing response to therapy as well as the effectiveness of metabolic modulating agents. However, the use of MRS is currently limited to research due to its poor reproducibility, low spatial and temporal resolution, and long acquisition times. With technical advances in both the spectrometers and postprocessing, MRS is likely to play a role in the future of multimodal noninvasive cardiac assessment.
Structure topology optimization of two-dimension micro/nano angular-table

Compliant mechanisms have made an enormous contribution in the design process of various fields such as for adaptive structures, hand-held tools, components in transportations, electronics, and surgical tools. The use of compliant mechanisms will help in reducing the number of components, which therefore decrease manufacturing cost and additionally increase the performance. Topology optimization has proven to be a powerful method for the conceptual design of structures and mechanisms. Topology optimization is the technique that finds the optimal layout of the structure within a specified design domain. This paper presents the micro/nano angular-table compliant mechanism. The topology optimization is applied for designing two-dimensional micro/nano angular-table compliant mechanism. The final optimal topology configuration of the micro/nano-angular table is shown and discussed.