Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prime movers: Advanced practice professionals in the role of stroke coordinator

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Following a stroke quality improvement clustered randomized trial and a national acute ischemic stroke (AIS) directive in the Veterans Health Administration in 2011, this comparative case study examined the role of advanced practice professionals (APPs) in quality improvement activities among stroke teams. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted at 11 Veterans Affairs medical centers annually over a 3-year period. A multidisciplinary team analyzed interviews from clinical providers through a mixed-methods, data matrix approach linking APPs (nurse practitioners and physician assistants) with Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs and a group organization measure. CONCLUSION Five of 11 facilities independently chose to staff stroke coordinator positions with APPs. Analysis indicated that APPs emerged as boundary spanners across services and disciplines who played an important role in coordinating evidence-based, facility-level approaches to AIS care. The presence of APPs was related to engaging in group-based evaluation of performance data, implementing stroke protocols, monitoring care through data audit, convening interprofessional meetings involving planning activities, and providing direct care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The presence of APPs appears to be an influential feature of local context crucial in developing an advanced, facility-wide approach to stroke care because of their boundary spanning capabilities.
VLSI Circuit Layout

VLSI circuits have experienced significant growth in the past half a century. As an important design phase, VLSI physical design is an extremely tedious and error-prone process. In this article, the fundamental characteristics of physical design are described. Then the general physical design methodology mainly for VLSI digital systems is discussed. In particular, three major physical design subproblems, including partitioning, floorplan and placement, and routing, are explained in more detail. The formulation of each subproblem and the related algorithms are presented. The state-of-the-art teachniques are summarized. To exhibit a more general overview, the features of physical design for analog integrated circuits are also outlined. The article concludes with some emerging topics regarding the modern VLSI layout. Keywords: layout; physical design; VLSI; partitioning; floorplan; routing; global routing; detailed routing; design automation
Spatial Databases

Spatial database research has continued to advance greatly since three decades ago, addressing the growing data management and analysis needs of spatial applications. This research has produced a taxonomy of models for space, conceptual models, spatial query languages and query processing, spatial file organization and indexes, and spatial data mining. However, emerging needs for spatial database systems include the handling of 3D spatial data, temporal dimension with spatial data, and spatial data visualization. In addition, the rise of new systems such as sensor networks and multi-core processors is likely to have an impact in spatial databases. The goal of this paper is to provide a broad overview of the recent advancements in spatial databases and research needs in each area.
USO DE LA TOMOGRAFIA DE EMISION DE POSITRONES EN EL CANCER COLORRECTAL

Abstract: Abstract: The value of PET (Positron EmissionTomography) in colorectal cancer is presented. PETis a novel technique that uses F-18-FDG(fluorodeoxiglucose) to assess glucose metabolismby whole body imaging. It has been demonstratedthat malignant cells have both increase of glucoseuptake and utilization. In colorectal cancer, PET isindicated for staging, assess recurrence, livermetastasis and treatment follow-up. PET is moresensitive and specific than CT (ComputedTomography) and is cost effective. In 30% of casesPET may change patient management, avoidingunnecessary procedures.Key words:Key words: PET; F-18-FDG (fluorodeoxiglucose),Colorectal cancer.Resumen: Resumen: El valor de la tomografia de emision depositrones (PET) en el cancer colorrectal es revisa-do en esta corta comunicacion. El PET es una nue-va tecnica que emplea F-18-FDG (Fluoro-deoxiglucosa) para evaluar el metabolismo glucidicode las celulas mediante imagenes de todo el cuerpoen un solo examen. Se ha demostrado que las celu-las malignas tienen captacion y utilizacion aumenta-da de la glucosa. En el cancer colorrectal el PET estaindicado para el diagnostico de extension inicial, sos-pecha de recurrencia, evaluacion de metastasis he-paticas, recidiva tumoral y control de terapias. El PETes mas sensible y especifico que la tomografia com-putada y es una tecnica costo efectiva. En aproxi-madamente un 30% de los casos ayuda a cambiarel manejo terapeutico de los pacientes evitando pro-cedimientos innecesarios. Este ano entrara en fun-ciones un ciclotron en la Comision Chilena de Ener-gia Nuclear y la primera camara PET multicristal dealta resolucion de Chile y Sudamerica sera instaladaen el Hospital Militar de Santiago.Palabras claves:Palabras claves: PET; Cancer Colorrectal; F-18-FDG(fluorodeoxiglucosa). IntroduccionLa tomografia de emision de positrones (PET),es una tecnica de creciente utilizacion en la practicaclinica, en paises donde se encuentra disponible. Sebasa en el uso de radiofarmacos emisores depositrones, los cuales se unen a moleculas trazadorasde mecanismos fisiopatologicos como el flujo sangui-neo y metabolismo celular. La tabla I nos muestraalgunos de estos elementos, siendo el mas emplea-do la Fluor-18 FDG (fluorodeoxiglucosa), que nos in-forma acerca del metabolismo glucidico y se le em-plea en oncologia, cardiologia y neurologia
A serological survey of ovine Theileriosis by ELISA

A serological surveillance was carried out using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for investigating the situation of ovine Theileriosis in China.During 2004 to 2005,the total 1 170 sera samples of sheep and goats were collected from some provinces in China,which include 13 counties in 5 provinces, and detected the anti-theileria antibody by the ELISA.The results of detection indicated that ovine Theileriosis had prevalent in 13 counties in 5 provinces but not Jingtai county,the highest naturally infested positive rate of theileria was 93.8 % in Lintao,which suggested that ovine Theileriosis was seriously in China.In addition,the sera were collected from three sheep experimentally infected ovine Theileriosis by Haemaphyslia qinghaiensis in the field during April 2001 to March 2002,were used to evaluate the annual kinetics of average values of anti-theileria antibody.The kinetics showed that anti-theileri antibody kept in higher level in 40 d after infestation.It is concluded that the optimal time for sera collection is mid-May when the ticks emerged in early of April in the field.
Advanced Second Language Segmental and Suprasegmental Acquisition

This chapter presents an overview on three fundamental questions in regard to advanced second language (L2) segmental and suprasegmental acquisition. They include (a) how L2 learners improve and attain advanced L2 speech abilities through extensive and intensive immersion in a target language speaking environment (i.e., process); (b) the extent to which their attained competence can approximate that of monolingual native speakers (i.e., product); and (c) what kinds of learners likely achieve such high-level L2 speech performance according to a range of learner-extrinsic factors (age of acquisition and testing, length of residence, quality and quantity of input) and learner-intrinsic factors (cognitive abilities, aptitude, motivation) (i.e., individual differences).
Efficacy and Safety of Anti-TNF-α Therapy Combined with Cyclosporine a in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Concomitant Hepatitis C Virus Infection

This study further expands our previous observation demonstrating the usefulness of combination therapy of anti-TNF-alpha and Cyclosporine A in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and concurrent hepatitis C virus infection, as well its efficacy and safety in controlling HCV viremia and liver toxicity. Seven patients were included in the study; transaminase levels remained unchanged, HCV RNA serum levels decreased significantly and DAS 28 significantly improved after twelve month follow-up. No side effects were registered.
Replantation of avulsed primary teeth: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND There is little evidence regarding the risks and benefits of replantation of avulsed primary teeth. AIM The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the replantation of avulsed primary teeth, analysing the risks and benefits to help guide dentists regarding the best clinical decision-making in such cases. DESIGN The Medline/Pubmed, LILACS, and SciELO databases were searched for articles published in English, Portuguese, German or Spanish on the replantation of avulsed primary teeth in dental journals dating from the inception of the databases through to May 2013. RESULTS Among the 891 papers identified in the search, nineteen fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All 19 studies were case reports involving a total of 41 replanted primary teeth. No negative consequences to either the primary tooth or permanent successor were observed in 15 cases. Among the other 26 cases, there were negative consequences to only the replanted primary tooth in 16 cases, only the permanent successor in three cases and both the replanted primary tooth and permanent successor in seven cases. CONCLUSION There is a lack of high-quality studies that can help guide clinicians regarding the best approach in cases of primary tooth avulsion.
Multiscale Network Organization in the Human Brain

The human brain is a complex system whose function is made possible through coordinated patterns of activity over multiple spatial and temporal scales. Network theory can be used to create a mathematical model of the brain as a graph in which different parts of the brain are represented as nodes, which are linked by estimates of either structural or functional connectivity. In this chapter, we examine the multiscale organization evident in these brain network models. Structural brain networks, derived from estimated anatomical pathways, display similar organizational features over different topological and spatial scales. In fact, these networks are hierarchically organized into large highly connected modules that are in turn composed of smaller and smaller modules. Together these properties suggest that the cortex is cost-efficiently, but not cost-minimally, embedded into the 3D space of the brain. Functional brain networks, derived from indirect relationships in regional activity, are similarly organized into hierarchical modules, which are altered in disease states and adaptively reconfigure during cognitive efforts such as learning. In general, it is the multiscale structure of complex systems that is responsible for their major functional properties. Thus, multiscale organization might have important implications for cortical functions in the human brain. A better understanding of this structure could potentially help elucidate healthy cognitive functions such as learning andmemory, and provide quantitative biomarkers for psychiatric diagnosis and the monitoring of treatment and rehabilitation.
Por uma epistemologia do cuidado de enfermagem e a formação dos sujeitos do conhecimento na área da enfermagem - do ângulo de uma visão filosófica

Sobre Enfermagem - projeto epistemico/conjunto teorico-axiomatico - no Sistema Nightingale de ensino/pratica assistencial a saude e cuidados/enfermos e sadios. Acoes/enfermeiras (os) caracterizadas na etica, instrucoes tecnicas, saber moderno rompendo com saber/pre-cientifico. Enfermagem - disciplina/pratica cientifica - ordenada em esquemas formais/conteudos materiais aliada ao estilo do cuidado de enfermagem. Abordagem critico-discursiva-reflexoes - cuidado de enfermagem e formacao dos sujeitos do conhecimento/area-da-enfermagem. Do ângulo filosofico, a enfermagem como ciencia-em-construcao. Cuidado de enfermagem como conceito/atos/operacoes/enfermeiras(os), interpretado/inerencia epistemologica de ideias - Sistema Nightingale designado solo epistemologico -, concebido/analisado/estrutura/fundo-de-saber e principios nightingaleanos. Posicao/autora contraria ao conceito de cuidado sem predicacao/objetividade nas acoes profissionais/operacoes da equipe. Posicao coerente a formacao do espirito critico/conhecimento/area-da-enfermagem, contraria a ideia/construcao-sujeitos . Sujeitos concebidos - parceiros numa pratica viva com liberdade de pensar/ser - nas decisoes em situacoes-problema, assistidas ou investigadas - plano/estudo/trabalho/pesquisa - abarcando interesses/necessidades dos clientes. Destaques epistemologicos/interpretados - consistentes aos conceitos/enfermagem e ideias/autores/referenciados, e coerencia ao saber/conhecimento da Enfermagem-ciencia e arte.
Beschwerde, Symptom und Reflex - Diagnostik des Hustens beim Erwachsenen

Husten, der häufigste oder zweithäufigste Grund für einen Arztbesuch, bietet eine Reihe von diagnostischen Fallen: Der akute Husten, der am häufigsten vorkommt, wird in überwie-gender Mehrzahl der Fälle durch einen viralen Infekt der oberen und gegebenenfalls der unte-ren Atemwege verursacht. Das Symptom Husten hält in der Regel drei bis vier (bis zu acht) Wochen – also viel länger, als die „Erkältung“ an. Zeit genug, um unnötige teuere diagnostische Maßnahmen oder unwirksame antibiotische Therapien zu fordern (der Patient) oder zu veranlassen (der Arzt). Außer Anamnese und einer körperlichen Untersuchung ist
Adhesive systems for restoring primary teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

AIM To systematically review the literature for in vitro studies that evaluated the immediate or after ageing bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems to enamel and dentin of primary teeth. DESIGN The search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, SciELO, Lilacs, and Scopus databases with no publication year or language limits, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. From 459 potentially eligible studies, 39 were selected for full-text analysis, and 5 were identified in reference lists, with 36 considered in the meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Pooling bond strength data was calculated using random effects analysis method, comparing two categories of adhesives (etch-and-rinse versus self-etch systems) when applied in different types and conditions of substrate (α = 0.05). RESULTS No statistical significant difference in bond strength between both categories was observed in caries-affected dentin at immediate evaluation and in sound dentin after ageing. Etch-and-rinse adhesives, however, performed better in sound enamel and dentin substrates considering immediate bond strength. None study assessed the long-term adhesive effectiveness to sound or demineralized enamel. CONCLUSION Although the articles included in this meta-analysis showed high heterogeneity and high risk of bias, the in vitro literature suggests superior performance of etch-and-rinse adhesives in primary teeth in comparison with self-etch systems.
Chick pro alpha 2 (I) collagen gene: exon location and coding potential for the prepropeptide

We report the DNA sequence of a cDNA clone complementary to the 5' end of the chick pro alpha 2(I) mRNA. The sequence enables us to deduce the amino acid sequence of this region, which has been refractory to conventional protein sequencing techniques. Its importance lies in the role of the prepropeptide in secretion, triple helix formation of the mature protein and initiation of fibrillogenesis. We have also located four of the five exons which code for this region on the genome. One exon is only 11bp in size and appears to code exclusively for the signal propeptidase cleavage site. This is an extreme example of an exon defining a functional unit.
Does nursing need an ethical code for research?

The Royal College of Nursing (RCN, 1998) guidelines on research ethics are a laudable attempt to establish ethical principles for nursing research, but more relevant for protecting patients, clients and colleagues is the concept of a personal morality for nurses undertaking research. This paper examines the pros and cons of establishing ethical codes in research, and argues that the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) already sets a framework to which researchers, as well as nurses, must adhere.
Virus‐specific factors associated with zoonotic and pandemic potential

Influenza A is a highly contagious respiratory virus in constant evolution and represents a threat to both veterinary and human public health. IA viruses (IAVs) originate in avian reservoirs but may adapt to humans, either directly or through the spillover to another mammalian species, to the point of becoming pandemic. IAVs must successfully be able to (i) transmit from animal to human, (ii) interact with host cells, and (iii) transmit from human to human. The mechanisms by which viruses evolve, cause zoonotic infections, and adapt to a new host species are indeed complex and appear to be a heterogeneous collection of viral evolutionary events rather than a single phenomenon. Progress has been made in identifying some of the genetic markers mainly associated with virulence and transmission; this achievement has improved our knowledge of how to manage a pandemic event and of how to identify IAVs with pandemic potential. Early evidence of emerging viruses and surveillance of animal IAVs is made possible only by strengthening the collaboration between the public and veterinary health sectors.
Generating non-overlapping displays of nucleic acid secondary structure

A new algorithm is presented which permits the display of nucleic acid secondary structure by computer. This algorithm circumvents the problem of overlapping portions of the molecule which is inherent in some other drawing programs. The results from this algorithm may also be used as input to the drawing algorithm previously reported in this journal [1] to untangle most of a drawing. The algorithm also represents the molecule in a form which makes visual comparisons for similarity quite easy since it guarantees that comparable features will reside in the same relative position in the drawings when the drawings are normalized.
Unanimous versus partial rejection: How the number of excluders influences the impact of ostracism in children

Previous research has shown that ostracism-the experience of being ignored and excluded-has negative effects on all of us, young and old. Using a Cyberball paradigm, the present research replicates the effects of ostracism on the moods (anger, anxiety, happiness, and anger) and fundamental needs (belongingness, control, meaningful existence, and self-esteem) of children (Study 1) and then extends the literature by examining the role of the number of ostracizers and inclusive members in this process by randomly assigning children to conditions varying in degree of ostracism (Study 2). Results of both studies showed that experiencing ostracism strongly and negatively affected all moods and fundamental needs-with the exception of anxiety. Study 2 in addition showed that the ratio of excluders to inclusive group members had different effects across outcomes. In all cases, complete ostracism produced the worst outcomes, suggesting that the presence of even a single ally reduces children's distress. For sadness, unanimous ostracism seemed particularly toxic. In some cases, facing two ostracizers produced significantly worse outcomes than only one, suggesting that consensual rejection might drive the negative effects on happiness, and sense of belonging, control, and meaningful existence. For self-esteem, only one ostracizer (in the presence of two inclusive members) was sufficient to induce a negative effect. Aggr. Behav. 43:190-203, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards in committing violence during combat: A cross‐sectional study with former combatants in the DR Congo

It has been postulated that the violent behavior that characterizes armed conflict is reinforced by the possibility of receiving rewards. The present study examined the potential influence of two types of rewards in an ongoing setting of conflict: extrinsic and intrinsic rewards. Former combatants active in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (N = 198) were interviewed and questioned about the way they were recruited, the offenses they committed during combat, their level of perceived intrinsic rewards (i.e., appetitive perception of violence), and the number of received extrinsic rewards during their time in the armed group (e.g., money, extra food, alcohol, or drugs). A moderated multiple regression analysis showed that the number of received extrinsic rewards and the level of intrinsic rewards were significantly positively related to the number of different types of offenses committed. In contrast to our expectations and previous findings, the recruitment type (forced conscription vs. voluntary enlistment) did not moderate this relation. Our findings suggest that both types of rewards play a role in committing violence during combat. We suggest, therefore, that reintegration programs should not only consider the influence of extrinsic rewards, but also need to address the influence of intrinsic rewards to counter violent behavior among former combatants. Aggr. Behav. 43:241-250, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of environmental resource and security on aggressive behavior

Exposure to different environments has been reported to change aggressive behavior, but previous research did not consider the underlying elements that caused such an effect. Based on previous work on environmental perception, we examined the role of environmental resource and security in altering aggression level. In three experiments, participants were exposed to environments that varied in resource (High vs. Low) and security (High vs. Low) levels, after which aggression was measured. The environments were presented through visual priming (Experiments 1-2) and a first-person gameplay (Experiment 3). We observed a consistent resource-security interaction effect on aggression, operationalized as the level of noise blast (Experiment 1) and number of unpleasant pictures (Experiments 2-3) delivered to strangers by the participants. High resource levels associated with higher aggression in insecure conditions, but lower aggression in secure conditions. The findings suggest that the adaptive value of aggression varies under different environmental constraints. Implications are discussed in terms of the effects of adverse environments on aggression, and the nature's effects on social behavior. Aggr. Behav. 43:304-314, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Locked Versus Conventional Plate-Screw Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone: A Review

Locked plating and nonlocked plating rely on different biomechanical principles for success. Therefore, it should be no surprise that differences in performance can be observed, especially in specific clinical situations. The current consensus is that locked plating is beneficial in situations which require support of end segment fractures that are prone to varus/valgus collapse, in diaphyseal or metaphyseal fractures in osteoporotic bone, and in plating of fractures where, due to anatomic constraints, compression plates may not be placed on the tension side of the fracture. These fractures are often comminuted and commonly occur in elderly patients with poor bone density. The objective of this review is to examine the research studies that compare the biomechanical performance of locked and nonlocked plates for the specific application of difficult diaphyseal or metaphyseal osteoporotic fractures.