Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and characterization of 1-bit passive unit-cells for transmit-arrays and frequency selective surfaces in V-band

This paper investigates a new unit cell featuring low-loss wideband characteristics in the 60 GHz-band; a strong candidate for next-generation high-speed wireless communication. The unit cell exhibits a simple three-layer metallic structure and allows standard printed-circuit board fabrication technology. Finite element method has been used for the design and a free space Gaussian optics measurement system for characterization. Experimental and simulation results show good performance in terms of impedance matching (S<;sub>11<;/sub><;-10 dB for the range 57.3 GHz-61 GHz, 6.3% around 59 GHz) and insertion loss (<; 0.4 dB at 59 GHz). The developed cell can be used as a building block for transmit-arrays and frequency selective surface configurations.
Anatomy of macaque fovea and spatial densities of neurons in foveal representation

Fine visual sampling in the macaque depends on the high density of cone outer and inner segments in the fovea. Cone pedicles, at the opposite, presynaptic end of the cone, are absent from the center of the fovea. Both ends of the cones, inner segments and pedicles, are closely packed within their respective monolayers, but the spatial density of foveal pedicles is lower because foveal pedicles are wider than inner segments. Because there is one pedicle for every inner segment, and because pedicles are wider than inner segments, increase in eccentricity finds increasing lateral displacement of the cone's pedicle from its inner segment. Further increase of eccentricity finds inner segment density falling below pedicle density, and so this lateral displacement declines. By 2–3 mm from the center, inner segments catch up with pedicles. Additional lateral displacements, of bipolar cells from pedicles and ganglion from bipolar cells, are largest for central‐most elements and fall steeply with eccentricity.
Filiación biológica versus filiación intencional: dos caminos para asumir la misma responsabilidad

En este articulo se abordan diferentes ejemplos de “filiacion colaborativa” en la que los actores participan con su intencion y/o con su biologia para conseguir una filiacion propia o ajena. Solo un estricto control de la determinacion de la filiacion y un reconocimiento de la identidad del menor lo mas internacional posible, contribuiran en el futuro a que los complejos procesos de filiacion que hoy se abren camino en el Derecho, respeten los derechos de todos los sujetos intervi-nientes presididos siempre por el interes del menor.
Altered Levels of Salmonella DNA Adenine Methylase Are Associated with Defects in Gene Expression, Motility, Flagellar Synthesis, and Bile Resistance in the Pathogenic Strain 14028 but Not in the Laboratory Strain LT2

ABSTRACT Comparative genomic analysis has revealed limited strain diversity between Salmonella pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates. Thus, some of the relative virulence and host-immune response disparities may be credited to differential gene regulation rather than gross differences in genomic content. Here we show that altered levels of Salmonella DNA adenine methylase (Dam) resulted in acute defects in virulence-associated gene expression, motility, flagellin synthesis, and bile resistance in the Salmonella pathogenic strain 14028 but not in avirulent laboratory strain LT2. The defects in motility exhibited by 14028 in response to altered Dam levels was not dependent on the presence of the regulatory protein, RpoS. The transitioning between flagellar types (phase variation) was also differentially regulated in 14028 versus LT2 in response to dam levels, resulting in distinct differences in flagellin expression states. These data suggest that differential gene regulation may contribute to the relative virulence disparities observed between Salmonella serovars that are closely related at the DNA level.
The influence of various parameters on the generation of snow crystals in an artificial cloud

Innerhalb des an der Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU) angesiedelten SNOW Projektes wurde eine neue Methode zur Kunstschneeerzeugung unter Laborbedingungen untersucht. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Methoden, die vorwiegend gefrorene Tropfen erzeugen, war hier das Ziel, die Schneeentstehung in der Atmosphare mittels einer kunstlichen Wolke zu simulieren. Die Forschungstatigkeiten fur die vorliegende Diplomarbeit wurden im Rahmen dieses Projektes durchgefuhrt, wobei der Fokus bei der Untersuchung der Abhangigkeit der Schneekristalleigenschaften von der Wolkentemperatur, der Wasserversorgung und der Realisierung von Letzterem lag. Die Grundannahme bezuglich der Wasserversorgung der wachsenden Kristalle war, dass in der Wolke, die von Ultraschallzerstaubern erzeugt wird, durch die hohe Tropfchenzahldichte und die Tropfchengrose die umgebende Luft bezuglich einer ebenen Wasseroberflache gesattigt ist, und dass das thermodynamische Gleichgewicht sich in einer Zeit einstellt die kurz ist verglichen mit der Aufenthaltszeit der wachsenden Kristalle in der Wolke. Unter dieser Annahme fuhrt eine bestimmte Wolkentemperatur immer zu einem bestimmten Wasserdampfdruck und deshalb zu einer bestimmten Ubersattigung gegenuber Eis, und der Kristall wachst aus dem Dampf der von den flussigen Wolkentropfchen ubergeht (BERGERON- FINDEISEN - Prozess). Um diese Annahme zu bestatigen war das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit bei gegebenen Temperaturen hohere Wasserdampfdrucke als Sattigung bezuglich der ebenen Wasserflache zu erreichen und die resultierenden Schneekristalle mit bei derselben Temperatur in einer Tropfchenwolke gewachsenen zu vergleichen. Dafur wurde der in die Wolkenkammer fliesende Luftstrom zur Befeuchtung tangential an einer ebenen Wasseroberflache vorbeigefuhrt. Nach dem Eintritt in die Wolkenkammer kuhlt die feuchte Luft auf fast Umgebungstemperatur ab und unter der Annahme, dass die Luft im Kaltelabor nicht zu viele Kondensationskeime bereitstellt, bleibt das Wasser in der Dampfphase, was hohere Wasserdampfdrucke als bei den Experimenten mit der Tropfchenwolke zur Folge hatte. Durch zahlreiche Experimente bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen und mit unterschiedlichen Tropfchenzahldichten konnte die Abhangigkeit der Primarform von Schneekristallen von der Temperatur klar bestatigt werden, und es konnte auch gezeigt werden dass die Tropfchenzahldichte der Wolke keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Kristallform hat. Es gibt auserdem Hinweise, dass die Schneekristalle unter den gegebenen Umstanden hauptsachlich bei Wasserdampfdrucken zwischen Eis- und Wassersattigung wachsen, wobei die Kristalle wahrend ihres Wachstums variablen Sattigungen ausgesetzt sind.
The use of sedimentation field flow fractionation and photon correlation spectroscopy in the characterization of casein micelles

Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation (SdFFF) was combined with Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), to characterize changes in the structure of the colloidal particles of reconstituted skim milk of diameter >50 nm (aggregates of casein and calcium phosphate known as casein micelles) with the changes in partitioning (with the addition of salt) of calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and casein between the serum and colloidal phases of the milk. The number weighted particle size distributions are determined. These are well represented by a log-normal distribution. Methods are presented for estimating the relative contributions of scattering and absorbance to the SdFFF detector signal and for taking both into account when analysing SdFFF data. The values found for the effective density of the casein micelles were in good agreement with the literature and ranged from (1·06–1·08 g cm−3) according to the composition of micelles. The changes in the scattering intensity as determined by PCS correlated with the changes in the particle composition. Although the concentrations of colloidal calcium phosphate (CCP) (1·1–3·5 g/kg milk) and micellar casein (18·1–27·2 g/kg milk) varied considerably only small changes in the size distribution of particles >50 nm diameter were observed except for milk to which 30 mmol Pi+10 mmol Ca/kg milk had been added where the particle size distribution shows a swelling of the particles consistent with a lower than expected value for the particle density. These observations suggest that the micelles have the ability to both lose (depleted micelles) and accommodate (enriched micelles) more casein, calcium and inorganic phosphate in their interior, thus confirming the model of the micelles which postulates an open structure allowing freedom of movement of casein and small ions.
To Tilt Your Head or Not To : Potentially

In this paper we study the human head movement, when the head shifts its orientation between two possible heading directions, as a simple mechanical control system. Head movements obey Donders’ constraint (as opposed to the Listing’s constraint for eye movement), which states that the allowed orientations of the head are obtained by rotating a fixed ‘primary heading direction’ by a subclass of rotation matrices. These rotation matrices have their axes of rotation restricted to a fixed surface, called the Donders’ surface. Donders’ Law states that when head moves spontaneously from left to right and back or from top to bottom and back, the head rotation matrix has no torsional component. On the other hand, when the head moves diagonally from the top left to the bottom right and back or from the top right to the bottom left and back, spontaneously, the axis of rotation has a small torsional component. The torsional component effectively rotates the head with respect to the frontal line of ‘heading’. The head appears slightly tilted as a result of the slight torsion. Defining a suitable Riemannian metric, we study dynamic control of head movement when the head orientations satisfy the Donders’ constraint throughout its entire trajectory. Head movements are actuated by choosing a suitable potential function and the oscillations are damped by adding a suitable damping term. An important result of this paper is to show the effect of the torsional component as head is allowed to move between two ‘headings’. We show that when the peak value of the allowable torsion is high, i.e. when the head is allowed to be more tilted, transition time between two headings is shortened.
Perceptual features and Content-based Image Retrieval System Implementation Using Sketches

perception based approach to content based image representation and this paper aims to introduce the problems and challenges concerned with the design and the creation of CBIR systems, which is based on a free hand sketch (Sketch based image retrieval – SBIR). With the help of the existing methods, describe a possible solution how to design and implement a task specific descriptor, which can handle the informational gap between a sketch and a colored image, making an opportunity for the efficient search hereby . The content based image retrieval (CBIR) is one of the most popular, rising research areas of the digital image processing. Most of the available image search tools, such as Google Images and Yahoo! Image search, are based on textual annotation of images. In these tools, images are manually annotated with keywords and then retrieved using textbased search methods. The performances of these systems are not satisfactory. The goal of CBIR is to extract visual content of an image automatically, like color, texture, or shape. The used descriptor is constructed after such special sequence of preprocessing steps that the transformed full color image and the sketch can be compared. We have studied EHD, HOG and SIFT. Experimental results on two sample databases showed good results. Overall, the results show that the sketch based system allows users an intuitive access to search-tools . The SBIR technology can be used in several applications such as digital libraries, crime prevention, photo sharing sites. Such a system has great value in apprehending suspects and identifying victims in forensics and law enforcement. A possible application is matching a forensic sketch to a gallery of mug shot images. The area of retrieve images based on the visual content of the query picture intensified recently, which demands on the quite wide methodology spectrum on the area of the image processing.
Lactobacillus plantarum inhibits intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by unconjugated bilirubin

Although a large number of in vitro and in vivo tests have confirmed that taking probiotics can improve the intestinal barrier, few studies have focused on the relationship between probiotics and the intestinal epithelial barrier in hyperbilirubinaemia. To investigate the effects of and mechanisms associated with probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum; LP) and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) on the intestinal epithelial barrier, we measured the viability, apoptotic ratio and protein kinase C (PKC) activity of Caco-2 cells. We also determined the distribution and expression of tight junction proteins such as occludin, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, claudin-1, claudin-4, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-1 and F-actin using confocal laser scanning microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR. The present study demonstrated that high concentrations of UCB caused obvious cytotoxicity and decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of the Caco-2 cell monolayer. Low concentrations of UCB inhibited the expression of tight junction proteins and PKC but could induce UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1 family-polypeptide A1 (UGT1A1) expression. UCB alone caused decreased PKC activity, serine phosphorylated occludin and ZO-1 levels. After treatment with LP, the effects of UCB on TER and apoptosis were mitigated; LP also prevented aberrant expression and rearrangement of tight junction proteins. Moreover, PKC activity and serine phosphorylated tight junction protein levels were partially restored after treatment with LP, LP exerted a protective effect against UCB damage to Caco-2 monolayer cells, and it restored the structure and distribution of tight junction proteins by activating the PKC pathway. In addition, UGT1A1 expression induced by UCB in Caco-2 cells could ameliorate the cytotoxicity of UCB.
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in a patient with aplastic anemia using a phenotypically HL-A-identifcal unrelated donor.

SUMMARYA case of an 18-year-old man with acquired aplastic anemia grafted with phenotypically HL-A-identical unrelated bone marrow after conditioning with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) is presented. The value of random HL-A-compatible platelets in the postgrafting management is clearly documented. T
Hypertension in African Americans Aged 60 to 79 Years: Statement From the International Society of Hypertension in Blacks

A 2014 hypertension guideline raised goal systolic blood pressure (SBP) from <140 mm Hg to <150 mm Hg for adults 60 years and older without diabetes mellitus (DM) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The authors aimed to define the status of hypertension in black adults 60 to 79 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2012 and provide practical guidance. Black patients were more often aware and treated (P≤.005) for hypertension than whites and had higher rates of DM/CKD (P<.001), similar control to <140/<90 mm Hg with DM/CKD (P=.59), and lower control without DM/CKD (<140/<90 mm Hg and <150/<90 mm Hg, P≤.01). Limited awareness (<30%) and infrequent health care (>30% 0–1 health‐care visits per year) occurred in untreated black and white hypertensive patients without DM/CKD and BP ≥140/<90 mm Hg. The literature suggests benefits of treated SBP <140 mm Hg in adults 60 to 79 years without DM/CKD. The International Society of Hypertension in Blacks recommends: (1) continuing efforts to achieve BP <140/<90 mm Hg in those with DM/CK, and (2) identifying hypertensive patients without DM/CKD and BP ≥140/<90 mm Hg and treat to an SBP <140 mm Hg in black adults 60–79 years.
Profiles of Obese Children Presenting for Metabolic Evaluation

Abstract Background: Obesity, increasingly prevalent among children, causes major morbidities, among which is earlier onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We reviewed charts of children aged 3 to 18 years (n=106). The population was divided into four age groups. Anthropomorphic measurements, family history, diet and exercise patterns, and selected endocrine/metabolic measurements were recorded, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: Obesity in one or both parents correlated with a higher percent of ideal body weight (IBW) (p=0.01). Fifty-eight percent of the children had first- or second-degree relatives with a history of type 2 DM; 9% had relatives with type 1 DM. Fifty-four percent had dieted and exercised regularly. Mean onset of obesity was at 4.2 ± 0.9 years. Mean cholesterol was elevated at 176 mg/dl. Average BMI was 26.6 in the youngest children (Group 1; normal mean for this age ~15.5), and increased to 37.8 in adolescents (Group 4; normal mean ~21). Elevated TSH was present in <1% of the population. The number of patients with an abnormal insulin: glucose ratio (>1:4) increased with age. Conclusions: Childhood obesity in children is correlated with family histories of obesity and DM. Thyroid dysfunction is seldom found, although mild hypercholesterolemia and insulin insensitivity are prevalent, especially among adolescents.
Passive smoking and impaired endothelium-dependent arterial dilatation in healthy young adults.

BACKGROUND Passive smoking has been linked to an increased risk of dying from atherosclerotic heart disease. Since endothelial dysfunction is an early feature of atherogenesis and occurs in young adults who actively smoke cigarettes, we hypothesized that passive smoking might also be associated with endothelial damage in healthy young-adult nonsmokers. METHODS We studied 78 healthy subjects (39 men and 39 women) 15 to 30 years of age (mean +/- SD, 22 +/- 4): 26 control subjects who had never smoked or had regular exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, 26 who had never smoked but had been exposed to environmental tobacco smoke for at least one hour daily for three or more years, and 26 active smokers. Using ultrasonography, we measured the brachial-artery diameter under base-line conditions, during reactive hyperemia (with flow increase causing endothelium-dependent dilatation), and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin (an endothelium-independent dilator). RESULTS Flow-mediated dilatation was observed in all control subjects (8.2 +/- 3.1 percent; range, 2.1 to 16.7) but was significantly impaired in the passive smokers (3.1 +/- 2.7 percent; range, 0 to 9; P < 0.001 for the comparison with the controls) and in the active smokers (4.4 +/- 3.1 percent; range, 0 to 10; P < 0.001 for the comparison with the controls; P = 0.48 for the comparison with the passive smokers). In the passive smokers, there was an inverse relation between the intensity of exposure to tobacco smoke and flow-mediated dilatation (r = -0.67, P < 0.001). In contrast, dilatation induced by nitroglycerin was similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Passive smoking is associated with dose-related impairment of endothelium-dependent dilatation in healthy young adults, suggesting early arterial damage.
A Batch-Normalized Recurrent Network for Sentiment Classification

In this paper, we build a batch-normalized variant of the LSTM architecture in which each LSTM cell’s input, hidden state, and cell state is normalized. The LSTM architecture allows for models with fewer vanishing gradients and therefore more memory than a vanilla recurrent network. Batch normalization lends a higher training speed to the model. We apply this architecture to a five-class sentence sentiment classification task with data from the Stanford Sentiment Treebank and show the effects of batch normalization.
A Kinase–Anchoring Proteins and Adenylyl Cyclase in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathology

3′-5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), generated by adenylyl cyclase (AC), serves as a second messenger in signaling pathways regulating many aspects of cardiac physiology, including contraction rate and action potential duration, and in the pathophysiology of hypertrophy and heart failure. A kinase–anchoring proteins localize the effect of cAMP in space and time by organizing receptors, AC, protein kinase A, and other components of the cAMP cascade into multiprotein complexes. In this review, we discuss how the interaction of A kinase–anchoring proteins with distinct AC isoforms affects cardiovascular physiology.
Random generation of trees - random generators in computer science

1. Introduction. 2. Notations. 3. Generation of Simple Kinds of Trees. 4. Generation Using Bijective Methods. 5. Generation of Forests of Trees Split into Patterns. 6. Generation of Colored Trees. 7. Two Methods of Generation by Rejection. 8. Arborescences. 9. Generation of Trees with a Given Height and Some Tricks About Complexity. 10. A Parallel Algorithm for the Generation of Words. Appendix 1: Horton--Strahler's Numbers. Appendix 2: Algorithms. Appendix 3: Pictures of Trees. References. Index.
Design of a Fractal-Based Compact Size Microstrip Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity and Second Harmonic Reduction

Fractal geometries have been widely used to produce miniaturized antennas and passive microwave circuits to meet the ever growing demand of compact size communication systems. In this paper, a new compact size microstrip bandpass filter design has been presented as a candidate for use in modern communication systems. The proposed four pole quasi-elliptic filter consists of four open ring single mode resonators. These resonators are with square shapes with their side lengths are replaced by fractal structures based on the first iteration Koch curve. The feed lines are coupled to the first and last resonators by a direct connection through tapped line configuration. Modeling and performance evaluation of the presented filter have been carried out using a full-wave electromagnetic EM simulator, from Sonnet Software Inc. The proposed filter has been modeled using a substrate of a relative dielectric constant of 10.8 and thickness of 1.27 mm. Simulation results show that the proposed filter resonators occupy a square area with side length of 0.11 the guided wavelength. Besides the compact size, the resulting filter performance indicates it offers high selectivity with reduced the second harmonics to satisfactory level. This proposed filter might present a suitable solution of the conflict between size miniaturization second and harmonic reduction in bandpass filter design.