Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator at Fermilab: Science Program

The Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA), currently in commissioning phase at Fermilab is foreseen to support a broad range of beam-based experiments to study fundamental limitations to beam intensity and to develop novel approaches to particle-beam generation, acceleration and manipulation. ASTA incorporates a superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) linac coupled to a flexible high-brightness photoinjector. The facility also includes a small-circumference storage ring capable of storing electrons or protons. This report summarizes the facility capabilities, and provides an overview of the accelerator-science researches to be enabled.
No association of the SNP rs1048261 within 3´UTR of HSPB7 with cardiovascular morbidity in patients with psoriasis; a possible effect on miRNA-mediated translational regulation

Previous studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with psoriasis. It has also been known that abnormal levels of microRNA (miRNA) contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its comorbidities. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) within miRNA genes or 3’UTR of the miRNA target genes can alter gene expression and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Assess SNP rs1048261 within the 3’UTR of HSPB7 in a large cohort (n=558) of psoriatic patients of Central European Caucasian origin and evaluate its possible role in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in psoriasis patients. This study included 558 patients diagnosed with psoriasis; 30% of the patients had a personal history of CVD. In silico analysis was used to determine a candidate SNP which is associated with a potential impairment of miRNA-mediated translational regulation. The chosen SNP rs1048261 was genotyped using PCR-RFLP and all statistical analyses were performed using statistical software R. Possible interactions of the genotype and personal history of CVD were tested, but no significant association was found. Subsequently, the linical subtypes of psoriasis (plaque psoriasis, pustular psoriasis and guttate psoriasis) as well as age at psoriasis onset were analyzed to associate the genotype with CVD, but neither association was found to be statistically significant. Finally, the logistic regression model was created to test any possible associations with the personal history of CVD, but all results were inconclusive. Although our study did not provide any significant association of the SNP rs1048261 with cardiovascular morbidity, we suggest investigating this polymorphism in a cohort of patients with properly diagnosed cardiovascular diseases independently of psoriasis. Also, the validation of miRNA-mRNA interaction and SNP rs1048261 involvement needs to be studied.
Endogenous OCA Analysis and the Early Euro Experience

Some have argued that the endogenous responses to the formation of a currency area are so strong that one need not worry about optimum currency area conditions ex ante. We argue that this is much too strong a conclusion. We draw on a number of recent studies to evaluate the endogeneity experiences of the eurozone in three major areas; trade flows, business cycle synchronisation and structural reforms to improve labour and product market flexibility. Simple before-and-after comparisons are insufficient for analysis of endogeneity. The experiences of non-euro Western European economies suggest that broader trends also had considerable influence on trade and business cycle patterns. While trade rose substantially within the eurozone, it also rose with and among other European economies. We argue that political economy considerations tend to dampen the magnitude of endogeneity efforts on structural reforms and that meeting conditions for entry may be a more powerful mechanism in this than are subsequent endogenous responses. We also discuss a number of areas for further research.
Pivotal statistics for testing structural parameters in instrumental variables regression

We propose a novel statistic for testing the structural parameters in Instrumental Variables Regression. The statistic is straightforward to compute and has a limiting distribution that is pivotal with a degrees of freedom parameter that is equal to the number of tested parameters. It therefore differs from the Anderson-Rubin statistic, whose limiting distribution is pivotal but has a degrees of freedom parameter that is equal to the number of instruments, and the Likelihood based, Wald, Likelihood Ratio and Lagrange Multiplier, statistics, whose limiting distributions are not pivotal. We analyze the relationship between the statistic and the concentrated likelihood of the structural parameters and show that its' limiting distribution is not affected by weak instruments. We discuss examples of the non-standard shapes of the asymptotically pivotal confidence sets that can be constructed using the statistic and investigate its power properties. To show its importance for practical purposes, we apply the statistic to the Angrist-Krueger (1991) data and find similar results as in Staiger and Stock (1997). This discussion paper has resulted in a publication in Econometrica , 2002, 70(5), 1781-1803.
Factors influencing female Emirati student’s decision to study engineering

Despite the intensive focus and resources devoted to recruitment and retention of female engineering students over the past several decades, women remain underrepresented in the field of engineering. Although recent global trends reveal an increase in women enrolling in engineering, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) women are still a minority amongst engineering students, mainly because until recently engineering programmes were not accessible to female Emirati students. However, with the establishment of several engineering-only institutions and the launch of single-gender engineering programmes, female Emirati students are gradually entering this non-traditional academic and career path. This article is based on a study conducted at the Petroleum Institute, where seventy-five undergraduate female engineering students participated in the study. The aim of this research study was to identify factors that influence Emirati female students' decision to study engineering.
Ranking and Extraction of Relevant Single Words in Text

The extraction of keywords is currently a very important technique used in several applications, for instance, the characterization of document topics. In this case, by extracting the right keywords on a query, one could easily know what documents should be read and what documents should be put aside. However, while the automatic extraction of multiword has been an active search field by the scientific community, the automatic extraction of single words, or unigrams, has been basically ignored due to its intrinsic difficulty. Meanwhile, it is easy to demonstrate that in a process of keyword extraction, leaving unigrams out impoverishes, in a certain extent, the quality of the final result. Take the following example:
THE IMPACT OF WHITE MANGROVE LEAVES (LANGUCULARIA RACEMOSA) AS FEED ADDITIVE ON PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT RABBITS

A research work was carried out to determine the additive effect of ( Langucularia racemosa) white mangrove leaves on performance characteristics of adult rabbits. A total of forty eight (48) rabbits of equal ratio of bucks and does were used in a completely randomized designed of four treatment groups A, B, C, and D of 12 rabbits per treatment. Each treatment was replicated thrice with four rabbit s of (2 bucks and 2 does) per replicate. Results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) existed in the performance characteristic It was therefore concluded that ( Langucularia racemosa)white mangrove leaves can be used as an additive in rabbits pro duction at the inclusion level of 90g/kg of feed without causing any health challenge in the rabbits.
Securing Data using Pre-filtering and Traceback Method

In this paper, we propose RegEx-Filter(pre-filtering approach) and IP traceback method to trace an unauthorized access incidents in the Internet, The current control technologies cannot stop specific way of access. The basic idea is to generate the RegEx print from RegEx set and use it in prefiltering most unmatched items and trace out the unauthorized user by means of traceback method. There are two key challenges in RegEx: the generation of RegEx print and the matching process of RegEx print. The generation of RegEx is tricky as it needs to tradeoff between two conflicting goals: filtering effectiveness, which means to filter out as many unmatched items as possible, and matching speed, which means that we want RegEx print to be as high as possible. Here we describe the development and the evaluation of our prototype system. The main features of our proposed method are the RegEx-Filter which filters the unmatched items. Packet feature, which is composed of specific packet information contained in a packet for identification of an unauthorized packet. And the algorithm using datalink identifier to identify a routing of a packet. We show the development of the prototype system, RegEx-Filter equipped with tracing functions on routers and its processing result.
Children's Imitation is not Always Goal-Directed: Evidence from Goal Clarification Task

The most basic unit of imitation is the ability to translate observed movements into our own movements and reproduce them as our own actions. Goal-directed theories assert that imitation is affected by goals extracted from the observed movements, whereas generalist hypothesis asserts that imitation is affected by the salience of the components rather than the goals. This study developed a new imitation task in order to clarify the role of goals in imitating movement to examine the relative applicability of these two theories to children’s imitation. Young children (N = 55; mean age = 5:1 years, age range = 4 yr. 1 mo. - 6 yr. 0 mo.) were asked to imitate the movements of an experimenter with a toy train. While the children observed the experimenter moving the toy train, they also heard a commentary describing the train’s departure and the trip until the train arrives at the station. The commentary emphasized that the train’s movements had a start and a goal. We analyzed the children’s imitation errors, including whether the color salience of the goal influenced the accuracy of their imitation. The results supported the generalist hypothesis, because the part that was relatively accentuated was more accurately imitated.
Identification of gene variation within porcine PRDM16 gene and its association with fat and loin muscle area

The PR domain containing the 16 (PRDM16) gene, also known as the MDS1/EVI1-like gene (MEL1), may act as a bidirectional switch between brown fat and skeletal muscle in mice. The molecular characteristics and possible biological function of porcine PRDM16 gene have been less reported. In this study, the mRNA expression profile, linkage mapping and association analyses of the PRDM16 gene were carried out in the pig. The PRDM16 mRNA was expressed widely in various tissues including fat and the longissimus dorsi muscle. One SNP c. -3284+171C>T in intron 14 was identified and that made the PRDM16 gene being assigned between SWR1130 and SW122 on SSC6. The different genotypes of c. -3284+171C>T were significantly associated with backfat and loin muscle area in the ISU Berkshire × Yorkshire pig resource family, but such associations were not verified in another pig population. The discovery of additional mutations and association studies are warranted before the PRDM16 gene can be recommended for marker assisted selection in the pig. Keywords: PRDM16, backfat, loin muscle area, linkage mapping, association analysis
Critical Assessment of Temperature Distribution in Submerged Arc Welding Process

Temperature distribution during any welding process holds the key for understanding and predicting several important welding attributes like heat affected zone, microstructure of the weld, residual stress, and distortion during welding. The accuracy of the analytical approaches for modeling temperature distribution during welding has been constrained by oversimplified assumptions regarding boundary conditions and material properties. In this paper, an attempt has been made to model the temperature distribution during submerged arc welding process using finite element modeling technique implemented in ANSYS v12. In the present analysis, heat source is assumed to be double-ellipsoidal with Gaussian volumetric heat generation. Furthermore, variation of material properties with temperature and both convective and radiant heat loss boundary condition have been considered. The predicted temperature distribution is then validated against the experimental results obtained by thermal imaging of the welded plate, and they are found to be in a good agreement.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO INTENSIFICATION IN DECCANI SHEEP

Present investigation has been carried out on eighteen growing lambs (Deccani breed) with an average body weight of 12 to 16 Kg at Livestock Farm, Hayathnagar Research Farm (17°27′N latitude and 78°35′E longitude and about 515 m above sea level), Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA) to study physiological response of sheep under various managemental conditions. The animals were divided randomly into three groups (three males and females in each) taking into consideration the group averages of body weights in all 3 groups were as uniform as possible as extensive (without stall supplements), semi-intensive (restricted concentrate offering in stall) and intensive (stall feeding). Animals under experiment were observed regularly for physiological parameters like body weight, respiratory rate per minute, body temperature, faecal egg count, etc. Animals kept under intensive system of rearing could achieve superior body weight as compared to extensive and semi-intensive system of rearing. The animals kept under intensive system of rearing were found to be less susceptible to parasitic infections. Also, there was increase in profitability by 6 per cent and 3.94 per cent in intensive and semi-intensive system of rearing, respectively over extensive system of rearing. Thus, it can be suggested that intensive system of rearing is better than other systems in terms of profitability as well as health status too.
The gender wage gap - due to differences in efficiency wage effects or discrimination?

Women often receive lower wages than men for comparable work. Many explanations are offered for this fact, ranging from womenâ€™s lower negotiation skills to discrimination by employers. In this paper, an experiment, which was originally conceptualized to test efficiency-wage theory, has been applied to test whether women get paid less than men in an experimental market, and if this is the case, why. The experiment is a variant of Fehr & Falkâ€™s (1999) double auction with effort. Results are striking: Female workers receive significantly lower wages than male workers, no matter whether men or women are in the role of the firm. However, this does not pay for the firms, as womenâ€™s reactions to low wages are equal to those of men: low effort. More specifically, a high discrepancy between the wage asked by a worker and the wage offered by the firm leads to low effort. Extrapolating from the experiment to the â€œrealâ€ labor market, the results are pointing towards a vicious cycle: Women are offered lower wages than they expect, and consequentially they exhibit low effort levels. Therefore, employers who do not realize that women â€“ just like men â€“ reciprocate might regard their productivity as lower.
Investigation to determine the effectiveness of a commercially available pit latrine additive and the development and evaluation of a testing protocol.

The provision of sanitation services during the apartheid era in South Africa was minimal or non-existent in the previous "black" areas and for farm workers. Whatever service that was provided was often in a bad state of disrepair. One of the priorities established in the post 1994 elections was to improve the quality of lives for the previously marginalised and neglected communities. This was done through the development and implementation of a policy for reducing the sanitation backlog, and for the provision of a basic level of sanitation. The principles encompassed in the policies developed for poverty alleviation and sustainable development had many points in common with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and targets declared in 2000. The provision of Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) latrines by municipalities satisfies the minimum requirements for basic sanitation. This provision together with the awareness programs are seen to offer communities an improved environment and hence living conditions. Problems arise however, due to the rapid filling, blockages and even the overflow of these pits. The emptying of these pits is also hazardous due to the nature of the waste. One of the solutions proposed by entrepreneurs was to supply additives that would enhance the degradation processes in the pit thereby increasing the Iifespan of these pits as well as offering other benefits; reduced odours, and flies. The aim of this research work was to test the claim of enhanced degradation by determining the effectiveness of an additive, M, which was deemed to be representative of a group of additive; made up of aerobic microbes and enzymes. The objective was to supply information to the municipality planners and decision makers in municipalities to assist them in their planning for improved management of pits. Waste was removed from suitable VIPs and used as samples for laboratory scale experiments. Reactor vessels were designed to simulate pit conditions. The additive was tested on the waste as recommended by the supplier and compared in activity against waste tested as references. The reference tests had (i) no addition of additive or water, as well as (ii) varying the volume of water added and (iii) varying the frequency of water addition, no additive added. Measurements were made of the following variables: • Total mass • Chemical oxygen demand. • Total solids • Volatile solids. • Ash. The results of the experimental vessels were analysed and compared with the reference vessels to reveal any differences. The results obtained did not present enough precision and reliability to make any conclusive decision as to whether the additive is effective or not. Recommendations made were to improve the test methodology using the same additive, to obtain results that would make a conclusive decision possible. ii
Segmentasi Iris Mata Penderita Penyakit Ginjal dengan Metode Hough Transform dan Integro-Differential Operator

Iris merupakan bagian penting pada mata yang mempunyai pola yang dapat mendeskripsikan kondisi organ tubuh, mengetahui kondisi psikologi, dan membedakan tiap individu. Iris mata sering digunakan sebagai dasar pengenalan biometrik khususnya dalam ilmu iridologi. Iridologi adalah suatu metode kedokteran yang menyatakan bahwa setiap bagian organ pada tubuh dapat direpresentasikan dengan wilayah yang terdapat pada iris mata. Untuk membuat dataset, membutuhkan 4 tahapan umum, yaitu segmentation, normalization, extraction, dan matching. Namun untuk melakukan penelitian khususnya bidang iridologi, sering terkendala dengan ketidaktersediaannya dataset penyakit, dan proses yang cukup sulit karena untuk mendeteksi lingkaran dalam dan luar iris mata membutuhkan gambar yang jelas, karena itu tahap ini seringkali tidak berhasil. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan penelitian dataset penyakit ginjal menggunakan metode hough transform dan integro-differential dengan hanya memfokuskan pada tahapan segmentasi saja. Dari 19 gambar iris mata yang diuji, pada metode hough transform tingkat akurasi yang didapatkan adalah 5,26%, sedangkan metode integro-differential operator yaitu 42,10%. Kata kunci : Iris mata, Iridologi, Segmentasi iris, Hough Transform, Integro-differential Operator
Association between Genetic Variations in Kv7.5 and Susceptibility of Lung Cancer in a Northeast Chinese Population

Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadliest cancers worldwide accounting for over a million people died from the disease each year[1]. The GLOBOCAN estimates for 2012 indicates that about 1.8 million cases of lung cancer are diagnosed worldwide each year, with a resulting 1.6 million deaths yearly[2]. It is well known that lung cancer is largely caused by tobacco smoking. However, not all lung cancer patients have a history of smoking, there is remaining 10-15% of the disease occur in non-smokers in the United States (US) and European Union (EU)[3], which shows that besides tobacco, other risk factors may be involved in the etiology of lung cancer. In recent years, there is increasing evidence that the inherited genetic play a significant role in generating lung cancer[4]. Hence, it is totally considerable that lung cancer may result from genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Abstract: Background: The KCNQ gene family has been widely investigated in a variety of cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 5 (Kv7.5) and lung cancer risk in a Northeast Chinese population. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study selecting 833 lung cancer cases and 641 no lung cancer controls matched by age from local hospital. The information of investigation was collected by well trained investigators through the form of interview. We used Taqman fluorescence probe method for genotyping to evaluate SNPs in Kv7.5 among 1474 subjects. Result: The results revealed that GG genotype in rs4706511 (OR=0.631, 95%CI=0.467-0.853, P=0.003) compared with AA genotype and CC genotype in rs9293902 (OR=0.654, 95%CI=0.485-0.882 P=0.013) compared with TT genotype played significantly role in increasing risk of lung cancer.
Barriers to Innovation and the Innovative Performance of Portuguese Firms

This paper aims to identify and analyze the main limiting factors of innovation performance in terms of product and process innovation. The limiting factors to innovation make the innovation process of a firm difficult, which influences its innovation performance. The goal of this essay is to develop a theoretical support based on current reference approaches, corroborated by empirical support, which allows for the identification and analysis of the factors that restrict innovation activity and innovation performance. The database is extracted from the Community Innovation Survey - CIS 2010, which was conducted under the responsibility of the Office of Planning, Strategy, Evaluation and International Relations/Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (GPEARI/MCTES), in collaboration with the National Statistics Institute (INE), under the supervision of EUROSTAT. We have developed a logistic regression model that highlights the barriers to innovation and identifies the factors that limit innovation performance. The analysis suggests that several barriers to innovation influence the Innovative performance of Portuguese firms. These results may be attributed to the fact that perceived barriers stimulate the firm to overcome these difficulties, which promotes the internal propensity to innovate. The most significant barriers identified in the study are the following: high innovation costs and perceived uncertainties in both the demand and market for new goods and services. This study shows that firms that do not have either qualified personnel to carry out innovation activities or sufficient market information are less likely to innovate than firms that do not experience these difficulties.