Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘Friends call me racist’: Experiences of repercussions from writing comments on newspaper websites

Based on a survey among contributors to the online comments sections of four Norwegian newspapers, we investigate the following research question: How do contributors describe their experiences of repercussions from writing comments on newspaper websites? Employing quantitative and qualitative analyses, we explore the influence of four variables: gender, anonymity, attitudes toward editorial policies and issue controversy. We find no influence from gender. However, regarding attitudes we find that the experience of repercussions is particularly prevalent among those who oppose strict editorial control with regard to reader comments, as well as among respondents who write comments on a radical right-wing website. Studying free-form answers which describe incidents of repercussions experienced by the respondents we find no sign of gender differences, but rather a strong dominance of statements related to issue controversies, and particularly regarding immigration and Islam.
The Design and Experiments on Corner Reflectors for Urban Ground Deformation Monitoring in Hong Kong

PSInSAR technology has been proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring urban ground displacement information to a millimetric accuracy. When it comes to the validation of PS-derived ground deformation, artificial corner reflector (CR) can be very useful due to its relative stability and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, we will evaluate some general criteria for designing and setting up corner reflectors, including the shape, size, material, location, and others. An ideal prototype known as the rectangular trihedral with special designs is brought up in this paper, and validation experiments were conducted in Hong Kong to demonstrate the ability of the proposed prototype. The field data agreed with theoretical analysis, bringing up an economical and applicable approach for CR application in urban ground deformation monitoring.
Understanding Passwords of Chinese Users : A Data-Driven Approach

Textual passwords remain the dominant authentication mechanism over the Internet and are likely to persist in the foreseeable future. Much attention has been paid to passwords chosen by English users, yet only a few studies have examined how non-English users select passwords. In this paper, we fill the gap by employing both user-survey data and real-life data. We conduct so far the first user survey on the password behaviors of Chinese web users, the world’s largest Internet population (710 million). Our survey reveals a number of similarities and differences in coping strategies between these two user groups. We also explore some new questions regarding user sentiments and perceptions of security: 45% of Chinese users report that they insert (birth)dates into passwords, 55% believe their current passwords are more secure than previous ones and 69% consider password management as a bother. We further perform an extensive, empirical analysis of 73.1 million Chinese web passwords in a comparison with 33.2 million English counterparts. We identify a number of interesting structural and semantic characteristics in Chinese passwords, confirm many findings from our survey and also examine password security by employing two state-of-the-art cracking techniques. Particularly, our cracking results reveal the bifacial-security nature of Chinese passwords: when the guess number allowed is small, they are much weaker than their English counterparts, yet this relationship will be reversed when the guess number becomes large. This well reconciles two conflicting claims about the strength of Chinese web passwords made by Bonneau in IEEE S&P’12 and Li et al. in Usenix SEC’14, respectively. At 107 guesses, our improved PCFG-based attack can crack 33.2%∼49.8% of the Chinese datasets, indicating that our attack can crack 92%∼188% more passwords than the best record reported by Li et al. We also discuss some implications of our findings. Keywords—User authentication, Password security, Semantic pattern, Probabilistic context-free grammar, Markov model.
RHYTHM TRANSCRIPTION OF POLYPHONIC MIDI PERFORMANCES BASED ON A MERGED-OUTPUT HMM FOR MULTIPLE VOICES

This paper presents a statistical method of rhythm transcription that estimates the quantised durations (note values) of the musical notes in a polyphonic MIDI performance ( e.g. piano) signal. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been used in rhythm transcription to combine a model for music scores and a model describing the temporal ﬂuctuations in music performances. However, when applied to polyphonic music, conventional HMMs have a problem that they are based on representation of polyphonic scores as linear sequences of chords and thus cannot properly describe the structure of multiple voices. We propose a statistical model in which each voice is described with an HMM and polyphonic performances are described as merged outputs from multiple HMMs, based on the framework of merged-output HMM. We develop a rhythm-transcription algorithm based on this model using an efﬁcient Viterbi algorithm. Evaluation results showed that the proposed model outperformed previously studied HMMs for rhythm transcription of polyrhythmic performances.
Automated identification and repair of state-based framework directive violations

Professional developers use software frameworks for the benefits of architectural reuse: the process of applying previously proven designs to new applications in a given domain. Unfortunately, for frameworks to support architectural reuse, frameworks must impose constraints on developers applications. The constraints derive from the assumptions that frameworks make to interact with a diverse set of applications. To investigate how framework imposed constraints affect developers, I conducted a human study on debugging violations of framework constraints. From this study, I found that the most time-consuming difficulty developers faced was caused by the state restrictions on objects in the framework. I also found that developers had difficulty fixing state-based framework bugs, even when provided the failure location, implying that fixing the bug is the hardest step of the framework application debugging process. To address this issue, I propose FrameFix: a technique to automatically repair state violations in frameworks. The central innovations are a language for specifying constraints along with a hybrid (static/dynamic) analysis to identify and localize violations in framework clients. I will then evaluate the accuracy of the generated repairs on sample programs with framework state violations. The ultimate goal of the tool is to provide a way for framework designers to improve developer experience and reduce the challenges of framework development.
Neutrosophic Weighted Support Vector Machines for the Determination of School Administrators Who Attended an Action Learning Course Based on Their Conflict-Handling Styles

In the recent years, school administrators often come across various problems while teaching, counseling, and promoting and providing other services which engender disagreements and interpersonal conflicts between students, the administrative staff, and others. Action learning is an effective way to train school administrators in order to improve their conflict-handling styles. In this paper, a novel approach is used to determine the effectiveness of training in school administrators who attended an action learning course based on their conflict-handling styles. To this end, a Rahim Organization Conflict Inventory II (ROCI-II) instrument is used that consists of both the demographic information and the conflict-handling styles of the school administrators. The proposed method uses the Neutrosophic Set (NS) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to construct an efficient classification scheme neutrosophic support vector machine (NS-SVM). The neutrosophic c-means (NCM) clustering algorithm is used to determine the neutrosophic memberships and then a weighting parameter is calculated from the neutrosophic memberships. The calculated weight value is then used in SVM as handled in the Fuzzy SVM (FSVM) approach. Various experimental works are carried in a computer environment out to validate the proposed idea. All experimental works are simulated in a MATLAB environment with a five-fold cross-validation technique. The classification performance is measured by accuracy criteria. The prediction experiments are conducted based on two scenarios. In the first one, all statements are used to predict if a school administrator is trained or not after attending an action learning program. In the second scenario, five independent dimensions are used individually to predict if a school administrator is trained or not after attending an action learning program. According to the obtained results, the proposed NS-SVM outperforms for all experimental works.
Antiangiogenic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in many pathological processes, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This indicates that antiangiogenic agents could be promising candidates for chemoprevention against HCC. Several inhibitors targeting receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) for the regulation of tumoral vascularization have been developed and employed in clinical practice, including sorafenib. However, there seem to be several issues for the long-term use of this agent as some patients have experienced adverse effects while taking sorafenib. Therefore, it is desirable for patients with chronic liver diseases to be administered sorafenib as little as possible by combining other safe-to-use antiangiogenic compounds. Various factors, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and insulin resistance (IR), reciprocally contribute to the promotion of angiogenesis. A blockade of RAAS with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin-II (AT-II) receptor blocker (ARB) markedly attenuates HCC in conjunction with the suppression of angiogenesis. Moreover, the IR status has demonstrated direct acceleration in the progression of HCC via the augmentation of tumoral neovascularization. These findings suggest that a combination therapy involving a lower dose of sorafenib with other clinically used agents [e.g., RAAS blockers, insulin sensitizer agents, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA)] may reduce the adverse effects of sorafenib without attenuating the inhibitory effect against HCC in comparison to a high-dose administration.
A Smart Stick for Assisting Blind People

In this paper, we introduce a smart stick system for assisting blind people. The smart stick comes as a proposed solution to enable visually impaired people to find difficulties in detecting obstacles and dangers in front of them during walking and to identify the world around. The system is designed to act like an artificial vision and alarm unit The system consists of five sensors: ultrasonic sensor, IR sensor, water sensor, fire sensor, and light (LDR) sensor, microcontroller (Arduino Uno R3) to receive the sensor signals and process them to short pulses to the Arduino pins where buzzers, vibrator and voice alarms are connected. GPS navigation in the Mobile can be used to guide the blind for new places and unfamiliar places. The blind man uses an earphone to listen to the navigation directions that are coming from the GPS and buzzer alarm to warn by sound. We seek in our project to provide a smart stick affordable and suitable for most blind people, and also it is light in weight. It can be made available to all segments of the society and their families who need them.
Techniques for an artistic manipulation of light , signal and material

This report gives an outline of some methods that were used to enable an artistic editing. It describes the manipulation of indirect lighting, surface signals and materials of a scene. Surface signals include effects such as shadows, caustics, textures, reflections or refractions. Some of the methods are physically based while others just emulate a realistic view. These methods are aim to mimic a photo-realistic scene or create scenes that fit better depending on the context. Artistic manipulation is also relevant for multimedia production. Most of the used techniques are based on popular algorithms like photon mapping or path tracing. Researchers extend or alter the algorithms or decouple specific stages to bring the possibility of editing into it. These methods include modifications by defining distance fields, setting constraints or transforming objects to different spaces. Some approaches start with physically correct systems and allow the manipulation of parameters in a non-physical way to be able to freely manipulate the scene. Other methods calculate physically correct results. CR Categories: I.3. 7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and realism—Color, shading, shadowing, and texture
Bicoloring Random Hypergraphs

We study the problem of bicoloring random hypergraphs, both numerically and analytically. We apply the zero-temperature cavity method to find analytical results for the phase transitions (dynamic and static) in the 1RSB approximation. These points appear to be in agreement with the results of the numerical algorithm. In the second part, we implement and test the Survey Propagation algorithm for specific bicoloring instances in the so called HARD-SAT phase.
3 Factor : Community of Practice

Mathematical expressions are all around us, so the practice of reading them should be a skill comparable to reading text. But there is an intuitively experienced and by now also better understood difference. In this paper we report on our experiments that helped to get a deeper grasp on this difference. By taking a closer look we hope to understand how to bridge the gap between text and represented mathematics by supporting the readers with customized interactive documents.
Design and Analysis of Ultra-wideband Micro Strip Patch Antenna with Notch Band Characteristics

A new design of ultra-wideband (UWB) micro strip patch antenna with notch band characteristic for wireless local area network (WLAN) application is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch with a partial ground plane that is fed by 50 Ω micro strip line. A notch band function is created by inserting overlapped one U-shape and one C-shape slot on the radiator patch, added additional patch to the ground plane side and slit in truncated ground plane. The proposed antenna potentially minimized frequency interference between WLAN and UWB system. This antenna with the size of 26 mm × 32 mm (W×L) and the simulated results show that the antenna can operate over the frequency band between 3.1 and 10.45 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) > 2 with band notch 5.06-5.825 GHz. Besides in the working band, the antenna shows good radiation pattern in the H-plane and the E-plane and has good time domain characteristic.
The Environmental and Ecological Benefits of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater Runoff in Urban Areas

Water runoff from impervious surfaces threatens urban ecosystems, public health and property values. Traditional stormwater management systems are often overwhelmed after big storms, prompting the evaluation of alternative green infrastructure (GI) strategies to improve stormwater management. Here, we present a synthesis to determine the effectiveness of GI— detention basins, filtration devices, bioinfiltration, constructed wetlands, green roofs, and permeable pavement—in reducing runoff volumes and peak flows and in mitigating water pollutant loads by testing and using surrogates such as total suspended solids (TSS) and total nitrogen (TN) from storm runoff. In general, all infrastructures reduced stormwater quantity and/or improved runoff water quality at a local scale, and their performance was comparable to more traditional stormwater management approaches (i.e. detention basins). There was a general agreement between the peer-reviewed data and the best management practice (BMP) database for most GI effectiveness, particularly with respect to water quality. Our analysis shows, however, that the effectiveness of most GI was highly variable, possibly due to climate, influent concentration, or scale. Despite the variability in stormwater runoff performance, most GI can potentially provide valuable habitat for wildlife in urban settings. GI can be designed to promote additional ecosystem services in urban areas, such as habitat for flora or pollinators that can aid in urban gardens or C sequestration, among many others.
Lecture 1: Network and Graph Basics

Binary A binary relationship is one between just two people or entities, as “Joey likes Irene”, “Irene hates Joey”, “Mark collaborates with Duncan”, “cats eat voles” or “J. P. Morgan Partners loans money to U.S. Steel”. More complex relationships are ones which only make sense with three or more terms, e.g., “Irene is jealous of Joey’s feelings for Karl”, or “Carnegie guarantees Morgan’s loan to U.S. Steel”. (Coming up with 4-ary emotional relationships is left as an exercise.) Not all relationships which matter are binary.
Examining the Use of Interviews in Cybercrime Research

Research on cybercrime offending and victimization has increased dramatically over the past two decades, though qualitative scholarship on more technical offenses such as computer misuse have not kept pace with this broader trend. The aim of this research is to identify potential best practices for researchers considering qualitative interviews as a method for researching computer misuse offenses, more commonly involving hacking techniques. The authors interviewed six experienced researchers who conducted qualitative examinations of active or incarcerated cybercriminals to understand their common experiences with recruitment, ways in which they interviewed research participants, ethical issues, and publishing their research. This analysis explores the difficulties associated with this area of research that are not typically discussed in the methods section of a research paper. The findings demonstrate the problems that emerge in research and the precautions researchers may need to take to protect themselves, their participants, and the research
İnşaat Proje Yönetimi Teorisi ve İnşaat Sektörü İlişkisi: Bir İnceleme Çalışması

Insaat sektoru insanliga her turlu ust - yapi ve altyapi ve ulastirma sistemleri de dâhil olmak uzere, yapili cevreyi sekillendiren bir sektorudur. Bu baglamda sektorun bu cabasi, karmasik is yaptirma yontemleri ve organizasyon yapilari ile insan yapimi teknolojiden olusmaktadir. Uretim surecinin girdileri olan toprak, isgucu, malzeme, makine-ekipman, para (sermaye) ve yonetim parametreleri deger kazandiran bir proses olarak ortaya cikmakta ve son kullaniciya sunulmaktadir. Bu deger kazandirmanin uretim surecindeki en onemli faktoru insaat yonetimidir. Bu calisma, uretim yonetimi ile insaat proje yonetimi ve bagli diger disiplinlerin birbiri ile iliskili oldugunu ve karmasik bir iliski agi icerisinde oldugunu kabul etmekte ve insaat icin bir teori gelistirilecekse, bunun uretim ve uretim yonetimi ve proje yonetimi (proje yonetimi ilgi alani olan disiplinler) uzerine dayandirilacagini iddia etmektedir. Bahsi gecen parametrelere dayali olarak yapilan detayli literatur arastirmasi ve gozden gecirme sonuclari calisma icerisinde izah edilmistir.
Factors influencing the higher incidence of tuberculosis among migrants and ethnic minorities in the UK

Migrants and ethnic minorities in the UK have higher rates of tuberculosis (TB) compared with the general population. Historically, much of the disparity in incidence between UK-born and migrant populations has been attributed to differential pathogen exposure, due to migration from high-incidence regions and the transnational connections maintained with TB endemic countries of birth or ethnic origin. However, focusing solely on exposure fails to address the relatively high rates of progression to active disease observed in some populations of latently infected individuals. A range of factors that disproportionately affect migrants and ethnic minorities, including genetic susceptibility, vitamin D deficiency and co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus and HIV, also increase vulnerability to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) or reactivation of latent infection. Furthermore, ethnic socio-economic disparities and the experience of migration itself may contribute to differences in TB incidence, as well as cultural and structural barriers to accessing healthcare. In this review, we discuss both biological and anthropological influences relating to risk of pathogen exposure, vulnerability to infection or development of active disease, and access to treatment for migrant and ethnic minorities in the UK.
Sensitivity analysis of a deflection-induced pavement–vehicle interaction model

Different models have been developed to quantify the energy dissipation in pavements due to pavement–vehicle interaction (PVI). The present study focuses on a mechanistic model for estimating deflection-induced excess fuel consumption (EFC). Due to the non-linearity of the models, the calculated dissipation is dependent on the resolution and accuracy of input data. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis was thus conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of the model’s EFC calculations to the use of average hypothetical data versus real traffic recorded inputs. In addition, the pavement deterioration and reduction of mechanical performance during the service life were considered as potential factors to affect predictions on deflection-induced EFC. Results showed that depending on the resolution of some parameters (i.e. temperature and traffic congestion), the estimated EFC due to PVI was greatly affected. Network-level analyses should thus be calibrated, clearly identifying the resolution of input parameters into the models.
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL IDENTIFICATION OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD. (ROOT) WITH THE HELP OF HPTLC METHOD

Asparagus racemosus commonly known as Shatavari is used in traditional systems of medicine as a uterine tonic, as a galactogogue, in hyperacidity, and as a general health tonic. The present study provides a detailed pharmacognostic study based on its physicochemical, macroscopic, microscopic and chromatographic features. The physicochemical parameters such as loss on drying, solubility in different solvents, ash content, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, volatile oil, fibre content etc. were determined by standard methods. Anatomical features of the roots of Asparagus racemosus were determined. For this the sample was fixed in FAA, cast into paraffin blocks and sectioned with the help of Rotary Microtome. The stomata morphology, venation pattern and trichome distribution were studied. Microscopic descriptions of tissues were supplemented with micrographs wherever necessary. Photographs of different magnifications were taken with Nikon Labphot 2 Microscopic Unit. Powder microscopy was carried out using standard methods. HPTLC profile of the ethyl acetate plant extract was carried out in short UV, long UV and using vanillin-sulphuric acid as detection reagent. The Rf values of the spots developed were noted