Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retinosis pigmentaria: optimización de la función visual mediante lentes ópticas especiales

La Retinosis Pigmentaria (RP) es una distrofia retiniana rara bilateral sin tratamiento, de curso lento y progresivo, generalmente de inicio en la edad escolar, pudiendo causar ceguera en la quinta decada de vida. Sin embargo, dentro de las distrofias de retina, la Retinosis Pigmentaria es la enfermedad genetica mas prevalente. Esta causada por mutaciones en genes clave para la supervivencia y/o funcion de los fotorreceptores (principalmente bastones). Funcionalmente, la enfermedad se inicia como perdida de la vision en condiciones de baja iluminacion (ceguera nocturna) y reduccion concentrica del campo visual en la periferia media de la retina. Posteriormente se presenta una progresiva perdida de campo visual y finalmente una perdida de agudeza visual que conduce a ceguera parcial o total.Desde el punto de vista clinico, es necesario evaluar la funcion visual mediante test de agudeza visual (AV), campo visual (CV), refraccion, vision del color, estereopsis y sensibilidad al contraste (SC) para analizar la evolucion de la enfermedad mediante el seguimiento de sus sintomas principales: deslumbramiento, problemas de orientacion y movilidad por la reduccion del CV, reduccion de la AV principalmente en condiciones de bajo contraste y alteracion de los colores; siendo esta perdida de la funcion visual mas acentuada en condiciones de baja iluminacion.
A Cross-Sectional Study Done in Geriatric Age Group People Living Under Field Practice Areas of B.J.M.C. Ahmedabad to Assess Their Major Health Problems and Its Impact on Their Living. -

ObjectivesThis study is done to assess major health problems suffered by geriatric age & sociodemographic factors affecting the morbidity of geriatric people. Materials & methodsCross-sectional study done in the urban field practice area of B.J.M.C, Ahmedabad from Nov 2013 to Dec 2013.Total 200 old age people are randomly covered under this study using a pre-structured &predesigned questionnaire. Data was analyzed in Epi info and chi-square test was applied. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant Results – Among 200 geriatric people, chronic illness was reported in 59%, more in lower socioeconomic class (63%). 71% complained of joints pain ,19% had difficulty in walking . Visual impairment and hearing impairment was observed in 48% and 32% of them respectively. 44.4% of the studied group used tobacco in any form. 64% preferred govt. health facilities for treatment especially lower S.E. class (76%). 23%had history of hospitalization in last 12 months.8% were aware of govt. benefits regarding geriatric people. Conclusion– Since majority of studied group suffered from chronic illness which emphasizes the need of special rehabilitation services for this group. Study also highlights the intervention such as IEC activities regarding the available benefits for geriatric people as 92% of them were unaware of it. KeywordsGeriatric age problems, socio-economic status, substance abuse, chronic illness. INTRODUCTION WHO theme in 1999 and 2012 were to improve the quality of life of geriatric people. It is imperative to know the health profile of these people to improve the health services for them. There is no United Nations standard numerical criterion, but the UN agreed cutoff is 60+ years when referring to the elderly population. (1) In India, the elderly account for 7% of the total population, of which two-thirds live in villages and nearly half of them in poor conditions. (2) Ageing is a biological process and experienced by the mankind in all times. Urbanization, nuclearisation of family, migration, and dual career (3) families are making care of the elderly more and more of a personal and social problem in India. A feeling of low self-worth may be felt due to the loss of
Valoración de la integración en la comunidad de las personas con daño cerebral adquirido postagudo lateralizado

Los accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) y los traumatismos craneoencefalicos (TCE) son la causa mas frecuente de discapacidad motora en adultos en nuestros tiempos [1-4]. La incidencia de TCE en nuestro pais se estima alrededor de unos 200 casos cada 100.000 habitantes al ano [5]. Suele acontecer en edades tempranas y el impacto afecta principalmente al empleo, a la vida comunitaria y a la discapacidad [6]. Por otro lado, segun los datos recogidos de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud por Salvado-Figueras et al [7], los ACV agudos representan la tercera causa de muerte en el mundo occidental, la primera causa de discapacidad fisica en las personas adultas y la segunda de demencia. Ambos trastornos pueden cursar con otro tipo de patologias de dano neuronal progresivo y cronico, apareciendo enfermedades neurodegenerativas incluso muchos anos despues de la lesion [8,9]; entre ellas se documenta la enfermedad de Alzheimer [10,11]. La especializacion hemisferica se ha estudiado ampliamente desde la percepcion hasta la comprension del lenguaje, pasando por la cognicion en si misma. Ambos hemisferios participan en la conducta, aunque de forma desigual y con distinta responsabilidad especifica en determinadas funciones [12]. Al igual que existen diferencias anatomicas cerebrales e incluso diferencias segun el genero del cerebro humano [13,14], ciertas actividades nerviosas de procesamiento las realiza predominantemente uno de los dos hemisferios cerebrales, y prevalecen las tareas linguisticas en el hemisferio izquierdo (HI) y las tareas perceptuales en el hemisferio derecho (HD) [15-17]. Bernspang y Fisher [18] recogen que la lateralidad de una lesion cerebral sobrevenida puede implicar disfunciones claramente diferentes, observables y medibles. Por ejemplo, las lesiones en el HD se caracterizarian por alteraciones como limitaciones visuoespaciales, heminegligencia y afectacion motora en el hemicuerpo izquierdo, mientras que las alteraciones descritas en lesiones del HI se manifestarian en afasia, apraxia y limitaciones motoras del hemicuerpo derecho. Ademas, las lesiones cerebrales, sean traumaticas o vasculares, repercuten sobre la calidad de vida y la integracion comunitaria, y se situan en niveles inferiores de la poblacion general [19]. En este sentido, el cuestionario de integracion comunitaria (CIQ) [20] aporta una evaluacion del Valoracion de la integracion en la comunidad de las personas con dano cerebral adquirido postagudo lateralizado
The web as a corpus of basque

Tesi honetan euskarazko corpusen kopurua, aniztasuna eta tamaina hobetzeko ? Web-as-Corpus? hurbilpenaren baliagarritasunaren hipotesia frogatu nahi izan da.Hurbilpena lau modalitatetan probatu eta ebaluatu da: weba euskarazko corpus bat bailitzan zuzenean kontsultatzea eta euskarazko corpus orokor oso handi bat eta domeinu-corpos espezializatuak eta konparagarriak biltzea. Lortutako emaitzak ikusita (weba euskarazko corpos gisa kontsultatzeko tresna bat egin eta online jarri da, 100 milioi hitzetik gorako kalitatezko corpusak bildu dira eta online jarri, eta hainbat domeinutako corpus espezializatu eta konparagarriak eskuratu dira eta terminologia erauzketan erabili), hipotesia frogatutzat jo dezakegu eta esan daiteke ? Web-asCorpus? hurbilpenak euskarazko corpusen egoera hobe dezakeela eta hobetu duela.
Computer aided diagnoses of lung diseases through radiographs

We present two well-known statistical methods here to extract features related to different lung diseases on the chest X-ray images: 1). Texture feature; 2). Moment parameter feature. 11 parameters of texture feature and 7 moment parameters among many others were chosen to represent the characteristics of three different lung diseases which are frequently encountered in routine clinical diagnoses and as features for further recognition use. At the recognition step, the K-means algorithm based on the least-square function was employed as a classifier to distinguish 18 samples based on those parameters. Recognition rates from about 70% to 100% are achieved according to different diseases.
Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty: Pathways and Protocols

Historically, the implementation of specialized clinical pathways has not only decreased the length of hospital stay in total knee replacement but has also actually significantly decreased complications as well. We developed newer perioperative anesthesia and rehabilitation protocols and combined them with a minimally invasive approach to total knee replacement to assess the feasibility of outpatient knee replacement. Using these newer protocols with a minimally invasive approach to total knee replacement, patients recovered faster, and outpatient total knee replacement was not only possible but has become routine. Furthermore, this surgery and pathway has been proven safe and decreases the postoperative complication rate.
Formalización de una arquitectura de computación móvil basada en Linda

Gracias a los avances y el desarrollo que está experimentando el campo de la Internet de las Cosas (Internet of Things, IoT), cada dı́a hay más dispositivos a los que se llama inteligentes. Estos dispositivos disponen de sensores y además están dotados de conexión ya sea a la red o mediante alguna otra tecnologı́a. Sin embargo, estos dispositivos, a pesar de lo que indique su nombre, precisan de una configuración e interacción con ellos completamente manual y especı́fica. Lo ideal serı́a aprovechar esos sensores e “inteligencia” para adaptar su comportamiento automáticamente a las necesidades de los usuarios. En este ámbito, proponemos el diseño de una arquitectura de computación móvil ”People as a Service”, que confiere a los dispositivos móviles (como los smartphones) la capacidad de inferir y compartir un perfil virtual del usuario. Más allá, hemos establecido un método de interacción programática para que el dispositivo móvil, ahora con la información e inteligencia necesarias, ejerza de interfaz con estos dispositivos de IoT configurándolos de forma automática y dinámica. En este trabajo proponemos una primera aproximación para formalizar estas interacciones dinámicas mediante un enfoque basado en espacios de tuplas distribuidos y compartidos, basado en Linda.
Anti-diabetic and beta-cell protective actions of imatinib mesylate.

Type 1 diabetes is a disease resulting from the progressive immune-mediated destruction of insulin producing β-cells. In order to understand more about diabetes we need to understand the mechanisms governing β-cell death.The leukemia drug Gleevec is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets c-Abl. Surprisingly, Gleevec also counteracts Type 2 diabetes and acts as a cell death inhibiting agent, via inhibition c-Abl. Since both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are characterized by an increased β-cell death, and the role of c-Abl is unknown in β-cells, we wanted to investigate the following:1.Does Gleevec act via inhibition of c-Abl in β-cells? 2.Can Gleevec treatment prevent beta-cell death and diabetes? 3.Which downstream signaling pathways are affected by Gleevec? In paper I, in order to determine whether Gleevec acts by inhibiting c-Abl, we used RNA-interference. Interestingly, siRNA against c-Abl produced by recombinant Dicer mediate almost complete and non-toxic silencing of c-Abl mRNA in dispersed islet cells and conferred protection from streptozotocin and cytokines.In paper II we show that Gleevec protects β-cells from nitric oxide, pro-inflammatory cytokines and streptozotocin in vitro and that Gleevec can prevent diabetes development in the NOD mouse and the streptozotocin-injected mouse. We also present the hypothesis that Gleevec induces a state resembling ischemic preconditioning.Paper III presents an additional mechanism by which Gleevec might improve β-cell survival, i.e. via the inhibition of the downstream stress-activated protein kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), the activity of which has been implicated in β-cell death signaling pathways. In paper IV we explore the interactions between the adaptor protein Shb and c-Abl. We presently show an association between Shb-c-Abl and that Shb is a substrate for the c-Abl kinase that might regulate stress-induced c-Abl activity.
Inside here: daydreaming space and the digital monument

This paper starts by considering the theories of Henri Lefebvre and Rosalind Krauss to outline an understanding of monumentality, drawing on the theories of the well-respected geographer and theorist Doreen Massey, which support the importance of understanding the relationality of site. Following on from this, the role of the monument, and the monument’s connection to imagination and daydreaming, in art practice is explored. Strategies including Modernist reductionism and unmonumental/anti-monumental art practice are exemplified by artists’ works explicitly concerned with the ‘monument’ and the ‘monumental’, and the questions these works raise are discussed with respect to my own documentarist art practice as represented by artworks included in the Intentions exhibition in 2017: the zine what is public space? , 2017, the moving image artwork, vault , 2017, and collaborative sound artwork Script , 2017. Key-words : daydreaming, imagination, art practice, monument, relational space
Extending the Fantasy in the Supermarket: Where Unhealthy Food Promotions Meet Children and How the Government Can Intervene

This paper summarizes research concerning the extent of in-store marketing of foods to children and the effects of such marketing. It identifies several strategies that the federal and state or local governments might use to regulate in-store and package-based marketing and assesses the food industry's expected arguments against such regulations. The paper analyzes how courts would likely scrutinize the constitutionality of such regulations to identify which approaches are most likely to make a positive impact on public health and succeed if challenged in court.
Status of inhalation therapy in bronchial asthma in adults above twelve years of age in armed forces.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of inhalation therapy in bronchial asthma in terms of frequency of its use, role of general physicians and general practitioners in prescribing inhalation therapy, role of inhaled steroids and B 2 agonists, concurrent use of oral drugs, technique of using inhaler devices, use of spacer devices and peak flow monitoring. Material and Methods: 150 patients (76 males, 74 females) of bronchial asthma over 12 years of age referred to chest clinic of a tertiary care hospital for inadequate control were interviewed on the basis of a questionnaire and screening of prescription and case records wherever available. Results: 127(84.6%) patients were on inhalation therapy and maximum number of prescriptions was by general physicians (81%). The dosages of inhaled steroids were less than 400 mg in 60 (83.3%) cases and 26 (36%) patients discontinued it after some time. All patients were on beta-2 agonist inhalers and 74 (58.3%) patients were using these on regular basis. The concurrent use of oral short acting B 2 agonist and oral steroids was seen in 107 (84%) and 41 (32.2%) patients respectively. Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) were most frequently used inhaler devices in 100 (78.7%) cases followed by rotahalers in 27 (21%) cases. The technique of using MDI and rotahalers was incorrect in 64 (64%) and 7 (25.9%) cases respectively. Spacer devices were used rarely and none of the patients were monitored by peak flow rates. Conclusions: Although inhalation therapy was being prescribed in large number of patients, more so by general physicians, yet the therapy was not being effective considering the fact that the referral to chest clinic in all the cases was for uncontrolled asthma. The main reasons for ineffective inhalation therapy were, underuse of inhaled steroids, overuse of B 2 agonists and incorrect use of inhaler devices. There is an urgent need to educate general physicians especially in regards to usefulness of inhaled steroids, as on demand use of B 2 agonists, demonstration of correct inhalation technique to patients, use of spaces devices and peak flow monitoring.
Caring at home for a family member with a terminal illness: a qualitative study of relatives’ experiences

Caring for a family member at the end of their life can be highly demanding, and those in this role are at increased risk of poor physical and mental health. Policy guidelines indicate that palliative care services have a key role to play in supporting family caregivers. This thesis explores the emotional challenges faced by relatives caring for a dying family member, and the ways in which healthcare professionals can support them. Part 1 is a literature review of psychological interventions for caregivers of terminally ill patients. A total of 23 studies were identified for inclusion, and interventions were classified into four types: problem-solving, psycho-educational/supportive, behavioural and bereavement/meaning-based. The majority of the studies reported positive outcomes, but the strength of their designs varied. Overall, the studies provide encouraging evidence for the benefits of psychological interventions in improving some aspects of caregivers’ wellbeing. Part 2 is a qualitative study exploring the emotional challenges faced by home caregivers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 recently bereaved relatives who had cared at home for a family member with cancer. Transcripts were analysed thematically using the Framework approach and themes were organised under four categories based on Yalom’s (1980) existentialist theoretical framework: responsibility, isolation, death and meaningfulness. Part 3 is a reflective discussion of the process of carrying out the empirical study and the literature review. The limitations of both projects are considered, as well as some of the broader conceptual, methodological, clinical and contextual issues arising from them.
Natural accumulation of xanthophyll carotenoids in several Malaysian traditional vegetables (ulam) and medicinal plants

Carotenoids are more than just coloured pigments. They are important to be included in daily dietary intake to support human health against numerous chronic and severe diseases including various types of cancers. In fact, the xanthophyll carotenoids particularly lutein and zeaxanthin are vital component of human retina while βcryptoxanthin serves as precursors to vitamin A. As the incidence of blindness continuously affecting the elderly due to cataract formation and macular degeneration, the interest for discovering dietary sources of xanthophylls has always been renewed. With that in mind, this study was aimed at exploring the content of xanthophyll carotenoids in a total of 26 species of traditional vegetables (ulam) and medicinal plants. HPLC analysis has led to detection and quantification of five types xanthophylls; neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and βcryptoxanthin. Interesting results obtained that these xanthophylls were found in comparable concentration from one species to another and lutein was the only xanthophyll which is common in all samples, concentrating from 0.72 ± 0.00 to 16.53 ± 0.97 mg/g DW. The findings from this study would establish another scientific documentation on the essential phytonutrients content in the local ulam and medicinal species.
Automated detection of adverse drug events by data mining of electronic health records

Adverse Drug Events (ADE) are injuries due to medication management rather than the underlying condition of the patient. They endanger the patients and most of them could be avoided. The detection of ADEs usually relies on spontaneous reporting ormedical chart reviews. The objective of the present work is to automatically detectcases of ADEs by means of Data Mining, which are a set of statistical methodsparticularly suitable for the discovery of rules in large datasets.MaterialA common data model is first defined to describe the available data extracted from the EHRs (electronic health records). More than 90,000 complete hospital stays areextracted from 5 French and Danish hospitals. Those complete records includediagnoses, lab results, drug administrations, administrative and demographic data aswell as free-text reports. When the drugs are not available from any CPOE(Computerized Prescription Order Entry), they are extracted from the free-text reports by means of semantic mining. In addition, an exhaustive set of SPCs (Summaries of Product Characteristics) is provided by the Vidal Company.MethodsWe attempt to trace all the outcomes that are described in the SPCs in the dataset. By means of data mining, especially Decision Trees and Association Rules, the patternsof conditions that participate in the occurrence of ADEs are identified. Many ADEdetection rules are generated; they are filtered and validated by an expert committee. Finally, the rules are described by means of XML files in a central rules repository, and are executed again for statistics computation and ADE detection.Results236 ADE-detection rules have been discovered. Those rules enable to detect 27different kinds of outcomes. Several statistics are automatically computed for eachrule in every medical department, such as the confidence or the relative risk. Thoserules involve innovative conditions: for instance some of them describe theconsequences of drug discontinuations.In addition, two web tools are designed and are available through the web for thephysicians of the departments: the Scorecards enable to display statistical andepidemiological information about ADEs in a given department and the ExpertExplorer enables the physicians to review the potential ADE cases of theirdepartment.Finally, a preliminary evaluation of the clinical impact of the potential ADEs isperformed as well as a preliminary evaluation of the accuracy of the ADE detection.
Statement on a heat treatment to control Agrilus planipennis

In 2011, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health was asked by the European Commission to provide an opinion on a technical file submitted by the US Authorities to support a request to list a new heat treatment (60 °C/60 min) among the EU import requirements for wood of Agrilus planipennis host plants. After a thorough analysis of the documents provided the Panel concluded that, with a low uncertainty, A. planipennis is likely to survive the proposed heat treatment of 60 °C/60 min, and that, to ensure a control level of 99 % the temperature of the heat treatment of 60 min should be higher than 70 °C. Following the publication of this scientific opinion, the US Authorities submitted a new proposal to the European Commission, consisting in a new heat treatment (71.1 °C/60 min). The EFSA Panel on Plant Health was asked to consider whether this new proposal was within the scope of the published opinion and, if not, to clarify its conclusion and indicate what data would be needed to assess the effectiveness of the new treatment. The Panel concluded that the new proposal is not within the scope of the opinion as the data provided by the US Authorities cannot be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the new proposed heat treatment. An accurate assessment of the new proposed heat treatment (71.1 °C/60 min) would require an experiment including several temperatures higher than 70 °C (one corresponding to the proposed treatment). Regarding the data requirements for assessing the effectiveness of the new treatment, the Panel lists the information required in the checklist presented in the Panel’s draft guidance document on methodology for evaluation of the effectiveness of options to reduce the risk of introduction and spread of organisms harmful to plant health in the EU territory, currently under public consultation on EFSA website. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012