Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A General Approach to Enhance Slope Limiters in MUSCL Schemes on Nonuniform Rectilinear Grids

Most slope limiter functions in high-resolution finite volume methods to solve hyperbolic conservation laws are designed assuming one-dimensional uniform grids, and they are also used to compute slope limiters in computations on nonuniform rectilinear grids. However, this strategy may lead to either loss of the total variation diminishing (TVD) stability for one-dimensional linear problems or loss of formal second-order accuracy if the grid is highly nonuniform. This is especially true when the limiter function is not piecewise linear. Numerical evidence is provided to support this argument for two popular finite volume strategies: monotonic upstream-centered scheme for conservation laws in space and method of lines in time (MUSCL-MOL) and capacity-form differencing. In order to deal with this issue, this paper presents a general approach to study and enhance the slope limiter functions for highly nonuniform grids in the MUSCL-MOL framework. This approach extends the classical reconstruct-evolve-project p.
Azelastine nasal spray inhibiting parasympathetic function of tracheal smooth muscle.

BACKGROUND Azelastine hydrochloride is a histamine receptor-1 (H(1)) antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties that is available in the United States as Astelin Nasal Spray for rhinitis patients who are suffering from sneezing and rhinorrhea. The effect of H(1) antagonists on nasal mucosa in vivo is well known; however, the effect of the drug on tracheal smooth muscle has rarely been explored. During administration via oral intake or inhalation of the H(1) antagonist for nasal symptoms, it might affect the trachea. METHODS We examined the effectiveness of azelastine on isolated rat tracheal smooth muscle by testing: 1) the effect on tracheal smooth muscle resting tension; 2) the effect on contraction caused by 10(-6) M methacholine as a parasympathetic mimetic; and 3) the effect on electrically induced tracheal smooth muscle contractions. RESULTS The results indicated that addition of methacholine to the incubation medium caused the trachea to contract in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of azelastine at doses of 10(-5) M or above elicited a significant relaxation response to 10(-6) M methacholine-induced contraction. Azelastine could inhibit electrical field stimulation-induced spike contraction. It alone had a minimal effect on the basal tension of trachea as the concentration increased. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that high concentrations of azelastine might actually inhibit parasympathetic function of the trachea. Azelastine might reduce asthma attacks in rhinitis patients because it could inhibit parasympathetic function and reduce methacholine-induced contraction of tracheal smooth muscle.
Phase I trial of the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies.

PURPOSE To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (previously known as PS-341) in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received PS-341 twice weekly for 4 weeks at either 0.40, 1.04, 1.20, or 1.38 mg/m(2), followed by a 2-week rest. The PD of PS-341 was evaluated by measurement of whole blood 20S proteasome activity. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients received 293 doses of PS-341, including 24 complete cycles. DLTs at doses above the 1.04-mg/m(2) MTD attributed to PS-341 included thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, fatigue, and malaise. In three of 10 patients receiving additional therapy, serious reversible adverse events appeared during cycle 2, including one episode of postural hypotension, one systemic hypersensitivity reaction, and grade 4 transaminitis in a patient with hepatitis C and a substantial acetaminophen ingestion. PD studies revealed PS-341 induced 20S proteasome inhibition in a time-dependent manner, and this inhibition was also related to both the dose in milligrams per meter squared, and the absolute dose of PS-341. Among nine fully assessable patients with heavily pretreated plasma cell dyscrasias completing one cycle of therapy, there was one complete response and a reduction in paraprotein levels and/or marrow plasmacytosis in eight others. In addition, one patient with mantle cell lymphoma and another with follicular lymphoma had shrinkage of nodal disease. CONCLUSION PS-341 was well tolerated at 1.04 mg/m(2) on this dose-intensive schedule, although patients need to be monitored for electrolyte abnormalities and late toxicities. Additional studies are indicated to determine whether incorporation of dose/body surface area yields a superior PD model to dosing without normalization. PS-341 showed activity against refractory multiple myeloma and possibly non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in this study, and merits further investigation in these populations.
Time course of morphological differentiation of cat retinal ganglion cells: Influences on soma size

We have examined the growth of ganglion cell somas during development of the cat's retina. Until approximately E (embryonic day) 50, ganglion cell somas show no sign of the several variations in their size apparent in the adult. At about E50, the somas begin to accumulate granular cytoplasm. The accumulation proceeds first among area centralis cells which, for a few days, are the largest ganglion cells in the retina (whereas in the adult they are the smallest). By E57 three of the adult soma size trends have become apparent: the differentiation of soma size related to functional class, the nasal‐temporal difference in soma size, and the small mean size of somas in the visual streak. The early appearance of these trends in soma size suggests that individual cells may be intrinsically programmed to develop as cells of a particular class, such as alpha‐, beta‐, or gamma‐cells, even before their morphological differentiation begins. A fourth trend in soma size, the centro‐peripheral difference, appears only after an initial period of ganglion cell growth; the small size of ganglion cells at the area centralis seems to be determined, at least partly, by a local “environmental” factor, the crowding of ganglion cells.
Success of Multi Criteria Decision Support Systems: The Relevance of Trust

In recent years the concept of trust has found its way into Information Systems research, especially in the field of technology acceptance. Trust is considered an important driver for the success of technologies. In this context, trust is particularly relevant for Multi Criteria Decision Support Systems (MCDSS), due to the inherent complexity of the methods and the often high impact of the underlying decision. In the course of this paper we present a consolidated view on different dimensions of trust and use a multidimensional model to discuss the specific characteristics and dynamics of trust in MCDSS. Using a quantitative empirical study we were able to confirm our theoretical findings and validate the proposed model empirically. After a discussion of the results we conclude our paper and suggest some areas for further research.
Balancing the scales. Nutritional counseling for women with eating disorders.

Abstract Karen is a 20-year-old college junior who's captain of her tennis team, a straight-A student, and a frequent volunteer for worthwhile causes around campus. Sometimes, while staying up late to study, she overeats. To rid herself of that bloated feeling, she makes herself throw up in the bathroom. Emma is a 14-year-old budding adolescent who loves to dance and play outdoors, but at school some of the girls have told her she looks fat. Although she's within the normal height and weight range for her age, she's starting to skip lunch so she doesn't appear "piggy" or "greedy" in front of the other girls. Anne is a career-climber with a prestigious middle management position at age 30 and on the fast track for the corner office. She has been struggling to stay in her size six suits and gets frustrated when forced to buy a size eight. In the past she has dieted, exercised relentlessly, and often skipped meals to maintain her trim figure. Now that she's getting a little older, she's finding it harder and harder to remain diligent in her weight-monitoring routines. She's often tired and just doesn't have the same amount of energy that she used to have.
Fine ambient air particulate matter exposure induces molecular alterations associated with vascular disease progression within plaques of atherosclerotic susceptible mice

Epidemiology studies have reported associations between increased mortality and morbidity with exposure to particulate air pollution, particularly within individuals with preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD). Clinical and toxicological studies have provided evidence that exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM) impacts CVD by increasing plaque size. It is unclear whether PM-induced increased plaque size is associated with molecular disease progression. This study examines molecular profiles within plaques recovered from ApoE-/- mice exposed to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPs) to determine whether pulmonary deposition of PM contributes to molecular alterations leading to vascular disease progression. Laser capture microdissection was used to recover atherosclerotic plaques from ApoE-/- male mice exposed daily for 5 mo to filtered air or CAPs. Alterations in mRNA expression was assessed in microdissected plaques of CAPs-exposed and air controls using the Affymetrix microarray platform. Bioinformatic analysis indicated alterations in 611 genes: 395 genes downregulated and 216 genes upregulated. Gene ontology revealed CAPs-induced changes to inflammation, proliferation, cell cycle, hematological system, and cardiovascular pathways. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) verified microarray data also revealing gene expression alterations undetected by the microarray analysis, i.e., decreased expression of α-actin for smooth muscle cells, and increased expression of the macrophage marker Cd68 and of β-actin. Comparison of CAPs-induced gene expression profiles demonstrated consistency with previously published gene expression profiles in the ApoE-/- mouse model and humans associated with plaque progression. These results indicate that exposure to fine PM induces molecular alterations associated with vascular disease progression and provides insight into potential biological pathways responsible for this effect.
Die Crowd-Community als Lieferant auf der letzten Meile?

In der Last-Mile-Logistik werden zunehmend neue Trends diskutiert. Dazu zahlen automatisierte Fahrzeuge, Drohnen oder auch emissionsfreie Zustellungen unter Einsatz von E-Fahrzeugen und (Lasten-)Radern. Aber auch Crowd Delivery (oder auch Crowd Logistics) wird als neue Form der (urbanen) Logistik gehandelt (Botsman 2014, Kunze 2016). Crowd Delivery beschreibt unter anderem das Mitbringen (z. B. von Paketen oder Gegenstande aus Geschaften) durch Privatpersonen, die ohnehin gerade unterwegs sind, sich in dem Geschaft aufhalten oder sich als Bote etwas dazu verdienen mochten. Dadurch sollen Wege eingespart, Ressourcen geschont und Stadte verkehrlich entlastet werden. Doch wie kommt man zu einer lokalen “Liefer-Crowd-Community” und wie lassen sich Personen dazu motivieren? Innerhalb eines Feldtests am Grazer Fesch’Markt soll aufgezeigt werden, wie eine Crowd-Community rekrutiert, aufgebaut und auf ihre Funktions- und Motivationslogiken beim „Mitnehmen” getestet werden kann. Es wird dabei bewusst auf Geldleistungen verzichtet, um die intrinsischen Motive wie Spas und Neugier auf ihre Anreizwirkung auszuprobieren. Die Annahmme war unter anderem, dass bei dem Fesch’Markt mit 140 Ausstellern und etwa 10.000 Besuchern eine ausreichende Nutzerfrequenz sowie ein junges, Rad-affines Publikum vorzufinden ist.
Parent Artery Occlusion: A Well-Established Technique

In their recent publication “Parent Artery Occlusion in Large, Giant, or Fusiform Aneurysms of the Carotid Siphon: Clinical and Imaging Results,” Labeyrie et al[1][1] retrospectively reviewed 56 patients treated with aneurysm trapping by using detachable platinum coils. The authors make 2
Vector method for ranking of sensors in IoT

Internet of Things (IoT) consists billions of objects that are spread over the world. Each object has its own sensors and each produces enormous amount of data. This will arise a problem of searching the sensor which holds the right information to solve the task from the billions of sensors. Sensor search will be an essential service for many IoT applications. A sensor search service that allows for finding Things with certain Properties. In this article sensor searching and ranking approach has been discussed and also a working prototype model is built to resolve the above issue.
Edge: An extendible graph editor

EDGE is an editor kernel for the direct and visual manipulation of graphs. The kernel can be adapted quickly to diverse applications based on graphs, such as PERT chart editing, directory browsing, call graph display, logic circuit simulation or configuration visualization. EDGE provides potential solutions to the following general problems faced by any graph editor. (1) Automatic graph layout: how can application‐specific layout requirements, individual preferences, and layout stability be integrated with automatic layout algorithms? EDGE solves this problem with a novel algorithm that is based on layout constraints. (2) Graph abstraction: how can users deal with large graphs containing hundreds of nodes and edges, and thousands of edge crossings? EDGE can reduce the apparent complexity with subgraph abstractions and a novel clustering technique called edge concentration. (3) Adaptability: how should the editor kernel be structured to be adaptable to various applications? EDGE uses a special graph representation language for specifying visual appearance and the inheritance mechanism of C++ to achieve extendibility. (4) Persistence of graphs: how can the graph structures produced by the editor be kept in long‐term storage, especially if the node and edge data structures have been extended for a particular application? Our approach uses a standardized, external format for graphs and handles extensions with program generator technology: the I/O routines for reading and writing extended node and edge data structures are produced automatically from the declarations of these data structures. This paper describes EDGE and presents details of the above solutions.
Effects of corticosterone and the β‐agonist isoproterenol on glutamate receptor‐mediated synaptic currents in the rat basolateral amygdala

Behavioral and field potential studies suggest that – shortly after stress – noradrenaline and corticosterone interact to affect the function of basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons. Here, we tested, at the single‐cell level, to what extent α‐amino‐3‐hydroxyl‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole‐propionate (AMPA) receptor‐mediated and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor‐mediated synaptic responses of identified BLA neurons are affected by relatively low concentrations of the β‐agonist isoproterenol, how this is influenced by concomitant application of corticosterone, and how isoproterenol effects are influenced by corticosterone given several hours in advance. We observed that isoproterenol concentration‐dependently enhances AMPA receptor‐mediated (but not NMDA receptor‐mediated) responses; near‐maximal effects were induced by 1 μm isoproterenol. Corticosterone alone did not rapidly affect AMPA and NMDA‐mediated responses. NMDA‐mediated responses were also not affected by the hormone in a delayed manner; AMPA‐mediated responses were slowly suppressed by corticosterone, but only with high stimulation intensities. If corticosterone was co‐applied with isoproterenol (0.4 or 1 μm), facilitation of AMPA‐mediated responses was comparable to that seen with isoproterenol alone. However, if corticosterone was applied several hours in advance of the β‐agonist, the effect of 0.4 μm isoproterenol on AMPA‐mediated responses was reduced. This supports the notion that, in the BLA, isoproterenol facilitates synaptic transmission, a process that can be suppressed by corticosterone in a slow manner. Overall, the data suggest that, despite the previously reported ability of corticosterone to cause long‐term increases in excitability in the BLA, the hormone still retains some capacity to slowly exert a normalizing action on local activity.
IS ANTILYMPHOCYTIC GLOBULIN A BETTER IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT THAN CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE FOR PURE RED CELL APLASIA?

In conclusion, our study does not agree wi th the d a t a reported by Nenci et (11 ( 1983). no variation being found in the proteins involved in the contact phase after DDAVP infusion. However, these data support the findings of Mikaelsson et uJ (1 982) and our own (Vicente ct al, 1 9 8 2 c ) , which showed that intranasal administration of a h igh dose of DDAVP fails to increase the different coagulation factors, excepting FVIII/VWF.
Trusting the Messenger and the Message

Information provided by a source should be assessed by an intelligent agent on the basis of several criteria: most notably, its content and the trust one has in its source. In turn, the observed quality of information should feed back on the assessment of its source, and such feedback should intelligently distribute among different features of the source—e.g., competence and sincerity. We propose a formal framework in which trust is not treated as a monolithic and static concept. We regard trust as a multi-dimensional concept relativized to the sincerity of the source and its competence with respect to specific domains: both these aspects influence the assessment of the information, and also determine a feedback on the trustworthiness degree of its source. We provide a framework to describe the combined effects of competence and sincerity on the perceived quality of information. We focus on the feedback dynamics from information quality to source evaluation, highlighting the role that uncertainty reduction, and social comparison play in determining the amount and the distribution of feedback. Category: I.2. 11, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent agents
Rapid Eradication of Listeria monocytogenes by Moxifloxacin in a Murine Model of Central Nervous System Listeriosis

ABSTRACT Listeriosis is a rare but life-threatening infection. A favorable outcome is greatly aided by early administration of antibiotics with rapid bactericidal activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Moxifloxacin, a new-generation fluoroquinolone with extended activity against gram-positive bacteria, has proved its effectiveness in vitro against intracellular reservoirs of bacteria. The efficacies of moxifloxacin and amoxicillin were compared in vivo by survival curve assays and by studying the kinetics of bacterial growth in blood and organs in a murine model of central nervous system (CNS) listeriosis. We combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic approaches to correlate the observed efficacy in vivo with plasma and tissue moxifloxacin concentrations. Death was significantly delayed for animals treated with a single dose of moxifloxacin compared to a single dose of amoxicillin. We observed rapid bacterial clearance from blood and organs of animals treated with moxifloxacin. The decrease in the bacterial counts in blood and brain correlated with plasma and cerebral concentrations of antibiotic. Moxifloxacin peaked in the brain at 1.92 ± 0.32 μg/g 1 hour after intraperitoneal injection. This suggests that moxifloxacin rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier and diffuses into the cerebral parenchyma. Moreover, no resistant strains were selected during in vivo experiments. Our results indicate that moxifloxacin combines useful pharmacokinetic properties and rapid bactericidal activity and that it may be a valuable alternative for the treatment of CNS listeriosis.
Découvertes récentes d'inhumations et d'une incinération datées du mésolithique en Ile-de-France

Cet article presente cinq inhumations et une incineration mesolithiques recemment decouvertes lors d'operations d'archeologie preventive dans cinq sites d'Ile-de-France, une region de France qui en etait auparavant depourvue. Faute d'element datant-nologique repose sur des mesures radiocarbones effectuees directement sur des echantillons osseux, demontrant l'interet d'appliquer la methode a des inhumations particulieres, isolees. Leur description et leur comparaison avec d'autres tombes connues sur le territoire national contribuent a renouveler les connaissances sur les sepultures et les pratiques funeraires mesolithiques en France. Abstract cremation burial dating from the Mesolithic discove-de-France region, where data from the Mesolithic is rare. The burials contained no datable elements, so the radiocarbon dating was carried out on the bone matter, thus underlining the importance of such a method in dating isolated burials. The study of these renew interpretations of Mesolithic tombs and fune-rary practice in France.
Opportunity cost of antidepressant prescribing in England: analysis of routine data

Recently, prescribing of antidepressant drugs has increased exceptionally.1 At the same time, concerns have been raised about the medicalisation of human distress and, more recently, about the safety of antidepressants.1 Many general practitioners would like to refer patients for psychological treatment, for which there is good evidence of effectiveness,2 but are constrained by the lack of NHS therapists. We estimated the opportunity cost of the recent rise in antidepressant prescribing by valuing it in terms of an effective alternative treatment—cognitive behaviour therapy. We used Department of Health data on the number and cost of antidepressant drugs dispensed in the community in England to quantify the changes between 1991 and 2002. The baseline year (1991) was chosen to ensure a meaningful timescale and to cover a period of consistent approaches to recording. We took population statistics from http://www.statistics. gov.uk/statbase/, and applied an inflation rate of 32% (from http://www.statistics.gov.uk/rpi/) to 1991 costs. We estimated the number of patients that could have been treated using cognitive …
NPXY motifs control the recruitment of the α 5 β 1 integrin in focal adhesions independently of the association of talin with the β 1 chain

With the exception of the divergent β4 and β8 chains, the integrin β subunit cytoplasmic domains are short and highly conserved sequences. Consensus motifs are found among the different cytoplasmic β chains. Experiments using chimeric receptors demonstrated that the 47 amino acids of the β1 subunit cytoplasmic domain contain sufficient information to target integrins to adhesion plaques. Three clusters of amino acids, named cyto-1, cyto-2 and cyto-3, seem to contribute to this localization. Cyto-2 and cyto-3 exhibit NPXY motifs. At present, the exact function of these motifs remains unknown but it is likely that these sequences are involved in proteinprotein interactions. Although NPXY motifs often act as internalization signals at the cytoplasmic tail of membrane receptors, our previous results showed that the two NPXY motifs are not responsible for the α5β1 integrin endocytosis. Herein, we address the question of the role of the two highly conserved NPXY motifs found in the β1 cytoplasmic domain, and which correspond to the conserved domains cyto-2 and cyto-3. We demonstrate that, within the integrin β1 cytoplasmic tail, the two NPXY motifs are required for the recruitment of the integrin in focal adhesions. In addition, our results indicate that these two motifs control but do not belong to the talin-binding sites. Finally, the analysis of the phenotypes of NPXY mutants reveals that the interaction of talin with the β1 cytosolic domain is not sufficient to target the integrins to focal adhesions.