Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Binding and Functional Properties of Recombinant and Endogenous CXCR3 Chemokine Receptors*

IP10 and MIG are two members of the CXC branch of the chemokine superfamily whose expression is dramatically up-regulated by interferon (IFN)-γ. The proteins act largely on natural killer (NK)-cells and activated T-cells and have been implicated in mediating some of the effects of IFN-γ and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), as well as T-cell-dependent anti-tumor responses. Recently both chemokines have been shown to be functional agonists of the same G-protein-coupled receptor, CXCR3. We now report the pharmacological characterization of CXCR3 and find that, when heterologously expressed, CXCR3 binds IP10 and MIG with Ki values of 0.14 and 4.9 nm, respectively. The receptor has very modest affinity for SDF-1α and little or no affinity for other CXC-chemokines. The properties of the endogenous receptor expressed on activated T-cells are similar. Surprisingly, several CC-chemokines, particularly eotaxin and MCP-4, also compete with moderate affinity for the binding of IP10 to CXCR3. Eotaxin does not activate CXCR3 but, in CXCR3-transfected cells, can block IP10-mediated receptor activation. Eotaxin, therefore, may be a natural CXCR3 antagonist.
The Effect of Compensation on General Health in Patients Sustaining Fractures in Motor Vehicle Trauma

Objectives: The receipt or pursuit of compensation after injury has been associated with poor outcomes. This study aims to determine the association between compensation-related factors and general health in patients with fractures sustained in motor vehicle trauma. Design: Prospective survey. Setting: Metropolitan trauma centers. Patients/Participants: The study population was patients aged 18 years and older, presenting acutely with at least one fracture involving the long bones, pelvis, patella, talus, or calcaneus, resulting from motor vehicle trauma, and presenting acutely to 1 of 15 hospitals. Intervention: Patients were surveyed on admission to determine general factors, injury factors, and socioeconomic factors. Employment status at follow-up, compensation-related factors, and the main outcome variables were measured by survey at 6 months after injury. Multiple regression was used to determine significant predictors of outcome. Main Outcome Measurement: Physical and mental health summaries of the SF-36 General Health Survey. Results: Of the 306 patients recruited to the study, five were excluded, and completed questionnaires were available for 232 (75.8%). Claiming compensation was strongly associated with poor physical and mental health on univariate analysis, but it was not significant on multivariate analysis. The use of a lawyer in relation to the injury was the most significant variable associated with poor physical and mental health, after adjusting for other factors. Conclusions: Lawyer involvement, rather than pursuit of compensation, is associated with poor general health after fractures sustained in motor vehicle injuries. Although this may represent a direct effect, further research is recommended to determine the cause for this association.
The sensory restoration in radial nerve injury using the first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve--a cadaveric study for the feasibility of procedure and case demonstration.

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the new sensory restoration technique in radial nerve injury using the first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve as the donor sensory nerve. MATERIAL AND METHOD Forty formalin-preserved cadavers (18 males and 22 females) were used as the subjects of the present study. The localization of the origin of first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve was performed. The measurement was done to determine the origin of this nerve in relation to the tip of ulnar styloid. The simulated transfer was done. The length of the superficial radial nerve that had to be cut was determined. The measurement was done by two observers to determine the reliability of measurement. RESULTS The mean horizontal distance (X) to the origin of first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve measured from the tip of ulnar styloid on the right and left side were 5.22 mm and 6.51 mm respectively. The mean vertical distance (Y) to the origin of first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve measured from the tip of ulnar styloid on the right and left side were -7.72 mm and -4.37 mm respectively. The mean length of superficial radial nerve that had to be cut to allow tension free anastomosis, measured from the tip of radial styloid on the right and left side were 68.21 mm and 65.92 mm respectively. The estimated average size of the transferred branch of ulnar cutaneous nerve was about 70% of the size of superficial radial nerve. CONCLUSION The sensory restoration in radial nerve injury using sensory nerve transfer from the first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve was technically feasible regarding to the comparable size between two nerves and anatomic consistency of the first branch of dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve.
Simultaneous Long-term Recordings at Two Neuronal Processing Stages in Behaving Honeybees

In both mammals and insects neuronal information is processed in different higher and lower order brain centers. These centers are coupled via convergent and divergent anatomical connections including feed forward and feedback wiring. Furthermore, information of the same origin is partially sent via parallel pathways to different and sometimes into the same brain areas. To understand the evolutionary benefits as well as the computational advantages of these wiring strategies and especially their temporal dependencies on each other, it is necessary to have simultaneous access to single neurons of different tracts or neuropiles in the same preparation at high temporal resolution. Here we concentrate on honeybees by demonstrating a unique extracellular long term access to record multi unit activity at two subsequent neuropiles1, the antennal lobe (AL), the first olfactory processing stage and the mushroom body (MB), a higher order integration center involved in learning and memory formation, or two parallel neuronal tracts2 connecting the AL with the MB. The latter was chosen as an example and will be described in full. In the supporting video the construction and permanent insertion of flexible multi channel wire electrodes is demonstrated. Pairwise differential amplification of the micro wire electrode channels drastically reduces the noise and verifies that the source of the signal is closely related to the position of the electrode tip. The mechanical flexibility of the used wire electrodes allows stable invasive long term recordings over many hours up to days, which is a clear advantage compared to conventional extra and intracellular in vivo recording techniques.
OPERATIONAL CRITERIA FOR DELIMITING SPECIES

▪ Abstract Species are routinely used as fundamental units of analysis in biogeography, ecology, macroevolution, and conservation biology. A large literature focuses on defining species conceptually, but until recently little attention has been given to the issue of empirically delimiting species. Researchers confronted with the task of delimiting species in nature are often unsure which method(s) is (are) most appropriate for their system and data type collected. Here, we review twelve of these methods organized into two general categories of tree- and nontree-based approaches. We also summarize the relevant biological properties of species amenable to empirical evaluation, the classes of data required, and some of the strengths and limitations of each method. We conclude that all methods will sometimes fail to delimit species boundaries properly or will give conflicting results, and that virtually all methods require researchers to make qualitative judgments. These facts, coupled with the fuzzy nature o.
Sistema de monitoreo continuo de niveles de densidad de potencia electromagnética presentes en el medio ambiente

Sistema de Monitoreo Continuo de Niveles de Densidad de Potencia Electromagnética Presentes en el Medio Ambiente Juan Cruz Guidi, Lorenzo De Pasquale, Miguel Angel Banchieri, Guillermo Reggiani, Sergio Pellegrino y Mauricio Jose Mancini Departamento Electrónica, Facultad Regional Bahía Blanca, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional 11 de Abril 461, (B8000LMI) Bahía Blanca pasquale@frbb.utn. edu.ar , mbanch@frbb.utn. edu.ar, ghreggiani@frbb.utn. edu.ar , spellegrino@frbb.utn. edu.ar , guidiutn@hotmail.com. ar , mancini_mauricio@hotmail.com
Class restriction of cephalosporin use to control total cephalosporin resistance in nosocomial Klebsiella.

CONTEXT Resistance to most or all cephalosporin antibiotics in Klebsiella species has developed in many European and North American hospitals during the past 2 decades. OBJECTIVE To determine if restriction of use of the cephalosporin class of antibiotics would reduce the incidence of patient infection or colonization by cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella. DESIGN A before-after comparative 2-year trial. SETTING A 500-bed, university-affiliated community hospital in Queens, NY. PATIENTS All adult medical and surgical hospital inpatients. INTERVENTION A new antibiotic guideline excluded the use of cephalosporins except for pediatric infection, single-dose surgical prophylaxis, acute bacterial meningitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and outpatient gonococcal infection. All other cephalosporin use required prior approval by the infectious disease section. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incidence of patient infection or colonization by ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella during 1995 (control period) compared with 1996 (intervention period). RESULTS An 80.1% reduction in hospital-wide cephalosporin use occurred in 1996 compared with 1995. This was accompanied by a 44.0% reduction in the incidence of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella infection and colonization throughout the medical center (P<.01), a 70.9% reduction within all intensive care units (P<.001), and an 87.5% reduction within the surgical intensive care unit (P<.001). A concomitant 68.7% increase in the incidence of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred throughout the medical center (P<.01). All such isolates except one were susceptible to other antibiotics. CONCLUSION Extensive cephalosporin class restriction significantly reduced nosocomial, plasmid-mediated, cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella infection and colonization. This occurred at the price of increased imipenem resistance in P aeruginosa, which remained susceptible to other agents. Thus, an overall reduction in multiply-resistant pathogens was achieved within 1 year.
Extracting Gait Velocity and Stride Length from Surrounding Radio Signals

Gait velocity and stride length are critical health indicators for older adults. A decade of medical research shows that they provide a predictor of future falls, hospitalization, and functional decline among seniors. However, currently these metrics are measured only occasionally during medical visits. Such infrequent measurements hamper the opportunity to detect changes and intervene early in the impairment process. In this paper, we develop a sensor that uses radio signals to continuously measure gait velocity and stride length at home. Our sensor hangs on a wall like a picture frame. It does not require the monitored person to wear or carry a device on her body. Our approach builds on recent advances in wireless systems which have shown that one can locate people based on how their bodies impact the surrounding radio signals. We demonstrate the accuracy of our method by comparing it to the gold standard in clinical tests, and the VICON motion tracking system. Our experience from deploying the sensor in 14 homes indicates comfort with the technology and a high acceptance rate.
Electrothermal Transient Analysis of GaN Power Amplifier With Dynamic Drain Voltage Biasing

AM-AM distortion due to dynamic drain voltage biasing for a power amplifier (PA) has been precisely emulated by an electrothermal transient analysis. A transistor model of a 20-W gallium nitride field-effect transistor (FET) in the PA for the electrothermal simulation is composed of thermal equivalent circuits and the Angelov FET model. Radio frequency performances of the PA were simulated by the transient analysis of amplitude modulation input signals with modulation frequencies from 2.5 to 10 MHz. The simulation results showed that a temperature variation in the PA caused AM-AM hysteresis on the order of MHz, which was consistent with the results obtained from a theoretical analysis of the transient temperature.
A Study of Haemostatic Parameters in Patients of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia.

INTRODUCTION Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is characterized by derangement of various components of the haemostatic system resulting in thrombo-haemorrhagic complications. Although less common than other myeloproliferative neoplasms, derangement of various components of the haemostatic system is observed in CML. Haemostatic abnormalities have been described in relation to hyperleucostasis and drugs used to treat CML. However, the correlation between haemostatic derangements and phase of CML is unclear in the literature. AIM The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assay various haemostatic parameters in patients of CML receiving Imatinib and to determine any correlation between them and phases of disease as well as the status of remission. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 30 patients with CML (17 males, 13 females, mean age of 35.53 ± 8.92 years) receiving imatinib mesylate. Haemostatic parameters including platelet counts, Prothrombin Time (PT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), fibrinogen, D-dimers and Factor VIII levels were assayed for all patients using standard methods. Bcr-abl gene product (quantitative) was determined on the peripheral blood by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patients were grouped into phases of disease (chronic, accelerated and blast) and their response to imatinib was determined in the form of remission (clinical, haematological and molecular). Correlations were drawn between them using spearman's coefficient. RESULTS A significant positive correlation was found between PT (p=0.002), fibrinogen (p=0.011), D-dimers (p=0.050), Factor VIII levels (p=0.006) with the phase of CML and a significant negative correlation was observed between PT (p=0.003, 0.006), fibrinogen (p=0.010, 0.005), D-dimers (p=0.035, 0.017), Factor VIII levels (p=0.005, 0.001) and clinical and haematological remission respectively. No significant correlation of platelet counts and APTT was seen with the phase of CML or remission status. CONCLUSION Haemostatic system is significantly disturbed in CML and correlate positively with the progression of the disease. Imatinib treatment leads to improvement in some of these parameters.
An Equilibrium Theory of Dislocation Continua

A homogenised model for elastic media containing large numbers of dislocations is described. First, discrete dislocations are discussed from the mathematical and crystallographical points of view, and their stress fields are calculated. These building blocks are averaged to construct a homogenised model in which the dislocation distribution is averaged to a number density tensor. Equilibrium configurations are then considered and it is proved that, in the absence of externally applied stresses, the only possible finite, simply connected distributions are ones in which all components of stress vanish everywhere. Some examples are given of these zero-stress everywhere (ZSE) distributions, and their geometrical interpretation is considered in terms of the plastic distortion tensor, which shows that they are equivalent to local rotations of the crystal lattice. Finally, some conjectures are made about the response of a cellular ZSE distribution to an applied stress, introducing the idea of “polarization” by a.
Effect of ciprofloxacin on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous lidocaine

Background and objective: Recent studies have suggested that cytochrome P‐450 isoenzyme 1A2 has an important role in lidocaine biotransformation. We have studied the effect of a cytochrome P‐450 1A2 inhibitor, ciprofloxacin, on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine. Methods: In a randomized, double‐blinded, cross‐over study, nine healthy volunteers ingested for 2.5 days 500 mg oral ciprofloxacin or placebo twice daily. On day 3, they received a single dose of 1.5 mg kg−1 lidocaine intravenously over 60 min. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine, 3‐hydroxylidocaine and monoethylglycinexylidide were determined for 11 h after the start of the lidocaine infusion. Results: Ciprofloxacin increased the mean peak concentration and area under plasma concentration‐time curve of lidocaine by 12% (range −6 to +46%; P < 0.05) and 26% (8‐59%; P < 0.01), respectively. The mean plasma clearance of lidocaine was decreased by ciprofloxacin by 22% (7‐38%; P < 0.01). Ciprofloxacin decreased the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve of monoethylglycinexylidide by 21% (P < 0.01) and that of 3‐hydroxylidocaine by 14% (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The plasma decay of intravenously administered lidocaine is modestly delayed by concomitantly administered ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin may increase the systemic toxicity of lidocaine.
Unified analysis of discontinuous Galerkin and C0-interior penalty finite element methods for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman and Isaacs equations

We provide a unified analysis of a posteriori and a priori error bounds for a broad class of discontinuous Galerkin and C0-IP finite element approximations of fully nonlinear second-order elliptic Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman and Isaacs equations with Cordes coefficients. We prove the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions in H2 of Isaacs equations with Cordes coefficients posed on bounded convex domains. We then show the reliability and efficiency of computable residual-based error estimators for piecewise polynomial approximations on simplicial meshes in two and three space dimensions. We introduce an abstract framework for the a priori error analysis of a broad family of numerical methods and prove the quasi-optimality of discrete approximations under three key conditions of Lipschitz continuity, discrete consistency and strong monotonicity of the numerical method. Under these conditions, we also prove convergence of the numerical approximations in the small-mesh limit for minimal regularity solutions. We then show that the framework applies to a range of existing numerical methods from the literature, as well as some original variants. A key ingredient of our results is an original analysis of the stabilization terms. As a corollary, we also obtain a generalization of the discrete Miranda–Talenti inequality to piecewise polynomial vector fields.
A novel role for Ets4 in axis specification and cell migration in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum

Organizers play important roles during the embryonic development of many animals. The most famous example is the Spemann organizer that sets up embryonic axes in amphibian embryos. In spiders, a group of BMP secreting mesenchymal cells (the cumulus) functions as an organizer of the dorsoventral axis. Similar to experiments performed with the Spemann organizer, transplantation of the cumulus is able to induce a secondary axis in spiders. Despite the importance of this structure, it is unknown which factors are needed to activate cumulus specific gene expression. To address this question, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of early embryonic development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. Through this work, we found that the transcription factor Pt-Ets4 is needed for cumulus integrity, dorsoventral patterning and for the activation of Pt-hunchback and Pt-twist expression. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Pt-Ets4 is sufficient to induce cell delamination and migration by inducing a mesoderm-like cell fate.
PROJECTION BIAS IN THE HOUSING AND CAR MARKETS

Projection bias is the tendency to overpredict the degree to which our future tastes will resemble our current tastes. This bias underlies the popular adage: never shop on an empty stomach. We test for evidence of projection bias in two of the largest and most important consumer markets the housing and car markets. Using data for more than four-million housing purchases and fortymillion car transactions, we explore the impact of weather on purchasing decisions. We find that the value that a swimming pool adds to a house is, on average, $1400 more when the house goes under contract in the summertime compared to the wintertime. Similarly, we find that sales of convertibles and 4-wheel drive vehicles are highly dependent on the weather at the time of purchase in a way that is inconsistent with classical utility theory. ___________________________________________________ *Busse: Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University and NBER; D. Pope: Booth School of Business, University of Chicago and NBER; J. Pope: Department of Economics, Brigham Young University; Silva-Risso: School of Business Administration, UC Riverside. We are grateful to Ezra Karger for valuable research assistance. We also thank Emir Kamenica, Dick Thaler, and seminar participants at the University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Yale University for helpful suggestions.
Cognitive Factors in the Use of Menus and Trees: An Experiment

Users without prior computer experience employed a menu-and-tree interface to search a database relevant to telecommunications services. Detailed data were recorded on the latency of each response and whether an error was made. The depth, level, vertical position, number of options, and trial were found to significantly affect response latency. The level, content, and side of the screen on which the choice was displayed significantly affected error rate. The results of the experiment and additional issues in cognitive human factors are discussed.
Challenges for development in the Asia-Pacific region: the information sector, South Korea and the Philippines

Economic development is based on the creation of new infrastructure and a service sector capable of giving support to national economies to allow society to consolidate and grow. The newly industrialised countries (NICS) of the Asia-Pacific region are good examples of countries on the move. In the rapidly changing economies of these countries, the information sector has gained new prominence alongside other sectors. In recent years NICS have been able not only to absorb new information technologies from outside the region but also have been able to consolidate, improve and create whole new industries around them Such countries have been termed "information societies" because they have been able to manipulate new advances in information-communication to develop their economic bases. Not all countries in the region have been able to do this. This paper, therefore, will examine some of the successes in the information sector, discuss some of the problems experienced by other countries and attempt to provide some answers as to what should be done to improve their chances to keep on the cutting edge of techno logical change.