Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GeoSense: A Multimode Information and Communication System

Recent technological developments allowed to envision the low-power (solar power) and low-cost (open hardware) sensor devices (Agrisens/FieldServer/Flux Tower/FieldTwitter) with multimode (ZigBee/WiFi/3G/WebGIS) information and communication technologies (ICTs), a model in which is christened as GeoSense. Integrating these multimode and multi-level communication systems with distributed ambient sensory network location-based service (LBS) is a challenging task, which could be a potential technology for monitoring various natural phenomena. This integrated model is introduced to provide and assist the rural stakeholders with real-time decision support system (DSS) with dynamic information and modeling services for precision agriculture through GeoSense cloud service. This GeoSense research has been experimented in semiarid tropics in India under Indo-Japan initiative on multi-disciplinary ICT program.
Ydj1 Protects Nascent Protein Kinases from Degradation and Controls the Rate of Their Maturation

ABSTRACT Ydj1 is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp40 molecular chaperone that functions with Hsp70 to promote polypeptide folding. We identified Ydj1 as being important for maintaining steady-state levels of protein kinases after screening several chaperones and cochaperones in gene deletion mutant strains. Pulse-chase analyses revealed that a portion of Tpk2 kinase was degraded shortly after synthesis in a ydj1Δ mutant, while the remainder was capable of maturing but with reduced kinetics compared to the wild type. Cdc28 maturation was also delayed in the ydj1Δ mutant strain. Ydj1 protects nascent kinases in different contexts, such as when Hsp90 is inhibited with geldanamycin or when CDC37 is mutated. The protective function of Ydj1 is due partly to its intrinsic chaperone function, but this is minor compared to the protective effect resulting from its interaction with Hsp70. SIS1, a type II Hsp40, was unable to suppress defects in kinase accumulation in the ydj1Δ mutant, suggesting some specificity in Ydj1 chaperone action. However, analysis of chimeric proteins that contained the chaperone modules of Ydj1 or Sis1 indicated that Ydj1 promotes kinase accumulation independently of its client-binding specificity. Our results suggest that Ydj1 can both protect nascent chains against degradation and control the rate of kinase maturation.
Alteration of NCoR Corepressor Splicing in Mice Causes Increased Body Weight and Hepatosteatosis without Glucose Intolerance

ABSTRACT Alternative mRNA splicing is an important means of diversifying function in higher eukaryotes. Notably, both NCoR and SMRT corepressors are subject to alternative mRNA splicing, yielding a series of distinct corepressor variants with highly divergent functions. Normal adipogenesis is associated with a switch in corepressor splicing from NCoRω to NCoRδ, which appears to help regulate this differentiation process. We report here that mimicking this development switch in mice by a splice-specific whole-animal ablation of NCoRω is very different from a whole-animal or tissue-specific total NCoR knockout and produces significantly enhanced weight gain on a high-fat diet. Surprisingly, NCoRω−/− mice are protected against diet-induced glucose intolerance despite enhanced adiposity and the presence of multiple additional, prodiabetic phenotypic changes. Our results indicate that the change in NCoR splicing during normal development both helps drive normal adipocyte differentiation and plays a key role in determining a metabolically appropriate storage of excess calories. We also conclude that whole-gene “knockouts” fail to reveal how important gene products are customized, tailored, and adapted through alternative mRNA splicing and thus do not reveal all the functions of the protein products of that gene.
Optimal Channel Shortening for MIMO and ISI Channels

We deal with the construction of optimal channel shortening, also known as combined linear Viterbi detection, algorithms for ISI and MIMO channels. In the case of MIMO channel shortening, the tree structure to represent MIMO signals is replaced by a trellis. The optimization is performed from an information theoretical perspective and the achievable information rates of the shortened models are derived and optimized. Closed form expressions for all components of the optimal detector of the class are derived. Furthermore, we show that previously published channel shortening algorithms can be seen as special cases of the derived model.
Blind biosignal classification framework based on DTW algorithm

Biosignal is a noninvasive measurement of the status of internal organism, such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG), etc. With machine learning techniques, these biosignals are normally classified into one of a number of disease categories. Hence, they are ideally suited to support clinician in making diagnostic decision. However, if a given biosignal is an unknown type, none of the existing classification algorithms can be considered workable. In this paper, an intelligent framework that is able to automatically identify ECG from an unknown biosignal is described. In which, the first phase of the research is illustrated in detail, which focuses on classifying an unknown biosignal into ECG or other categories, by employing dynamic time warping (DTW), combined with clustering algorithm. The proposed framework consists of two major components: biosignal template construction and classification process. Biosignal template construction includes biosignal acquisition and segmentation, template optimization and management; while the classification process involves several sub-processes: biosignal preprocessing, biosignal pattern matching and majority voting. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework as well as the classification methodology.
Enhanced MRC for Decode-and-Forward Cooperative Diversity Systems

In this letter, we propose a novel enhanced maximal-ratio combining (E-MRC) scheme for multi-branch decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative diversity systems consisting of a source, a destination, and multiple relays. This scheme employs adjustable parameters at the relays and the destination which enable this scheme to appropriately adapt to variations in the source-relay and relay-destination channel gains. For the proposed E-MRC scheme, we analyze the asymptotic error rate performance for high signal-to-noise ratios and Rayleigh fading. Based on the obtained analytical expressions, we find the optimal parameters that lead to minimization of the asymptotic error rate. Furthermore, we compare the error rate performance as well as the feedback overhead of E-MRC with those of important DF schemes, namely, cooperative MRC (C-MRC) and two DF schemes based on the link adaptive regeneration (LAR) concept, namely, LAR-αinst and LAR-α. We show that although the feedback requirements of E-MRC are similar to those of LAR-α, E-MRC achieves a performance similar to that of LAR-αinst, which has a substantially higher feedback overhead.
Architectural Epigenetics: Mitotic Retention of Mammalian Transcriptional Regulatory Information

ABSTRACT Epigenetic regulatory information must be retained during mammalian cell division to sustain phenotype-specific and physiologically responsive gene expression in the progeny cells. Histone modifications, DNA methylation, and RNA-mediated silencing are well-defined epigenetic mechanisms that control the cellular phenotype by regulating gene expression. Recent results suggest that the mitotic retention of nuclease hypersensitivity, selective histone marks, as well as the lineage-specific transcription factor occupancy of promoter elements contribute to the epigenetic control of sustained cellular identity in progeny cells. We propose that these mitotic epigenetic signatures collectively constitute architectural epigenetics, a novel and essential mechanism that conveys regulatory information to sustain the control of phenotype and proliferation in progeny cells by bookmarking genes for activation or suppression.
The Role of ATF-2 Family Transcription Factors in Adipocyte Differentiation: Antiobesity Effects of p38 Inhibitors

ABSTRACT ATF-2 is a member of the ATF/CREB family of transcription factors and is activated by stress-activated protein kinases, such as p38. To analyze the physiological role of ATF-2 family transcription factors, we have generated mice with mutations in Atf-2 and Cre-bpa, an Atf-2-related gene. The trans-heterozygotes of both mutants were lean and had reduced white adipose tissue (WAT). ATF-2 and CRE-BPa were required for bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)-and p38-dependent induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2), a key transcription factor mediating adipocyte differentiation. Since stored fat supplies have been recognized as a possible target for antiobesity treatments, we tested whether inhibition of the p38-ATF-2 pathway suppresses adipocyte differentiation and leads to reduced WAT by treating mice with a p38 inhibitor for long periods of time. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity was significantly reduced in mice fed the p38 inhibitor. Furthermore, the p38 inhibitor alleviated HFD-induced insulin resistance. In p38 inhibitor-treated mice, macrophage infiltration into WAT was reduced and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were lower than control mice. Thus, p38 inhibitors may provide a novel antiobesity treatment.
Novel Functional Complexity of Polycystin-1 by GPS Cleavage In Vivo: Role in Polycystic Kidney Disease

ABSTRACT Polycystin-1 (Pc1) cleavage at the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) proteolytic site (GPS) is required for normal kidney morphology in humans and mice. We found a complex pattern of endogenous Pc1 forms by GPS cleavage. GPS cleavage generates not only the heterodimeric cleaved full-length Pc1 (Pc1cFL) in which the N-terminal fragment (NTF) remains noncovalently associated with the C-terminal fragment (CTF) but also a novel (Pc1) form (Pc1deN) in which NTF becomes detached from CTF. Uncleaved Pc1 (Pc1U) resides primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas both Pc1cFL and Pc1deN traffic through the secretory pathway in vivo. GPS cleavage is not a prerequisite, however, for Pc1 trafficking in vivo. Importantly, Pc1deN is predominantly found at the plasma membrane of renal epithelial cells. By functional genetic complementation with five Pkd1 mouse models, we discovered that CTF plays a crucial role in Pc1deN trafficking. Our studies support GPS cleavage as a critical regulatory mechanism of Pc1 biogenesis and trafficking for proper kidney development and homeostasis.
Real-world Helicobacter pylori diagnosis in patients referred for esophagoduodenoscopy: The gap between guidelines and clinical practice

Background and aims Histopathology is the most accurate test to detect H. pylori when performed correctly with unknown validity in daily practice clinic settings. We aimed to determine the rate of potentially false-negative H. pylori results that might be due to continued use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in routine endoscopy practice. We also aimed to establish whether gastroenterologists recommend routine cessation of PPIs before esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and whether they regularly document that biopsies for H. pylori testing have been taken while the patients are on PPI treatment. Methods Detailed information about three known factors (PPIs, antibiotics and prior H. pylori eradication treatment), which may cause histology or rapid urease test (RUT) to be unreliable, had been prospectively collected through interviews using a questionnaire before each test. Gastric biopsies were stained with H&E for histological analysis. Results A total of 409 individuals at three academic gastroenterology institutions were tested 200 times with histology. Fifty-six per cent (68 of 122) of all negative tests fell in the category of continuing PPI use, which had the potential to make the histology and RUT results unreliable. Conclusions These data demonstrate a clear and important gap between current guidelines and real-world practice with regards to the diagnosis of H. pylori during EGD. A negative histology or RUT should be considered false negative until potential protocol violations are excluded. Documentation of PPI use during the EGD should be an integral part of the EGD report. The current practice of taking biopsies for H. pylori testing in patients under PPIs should be reevaluated.
Macroergonomics in Healthcare: Principles, Progress, and Prospects

Macroergonomics is a branch of human factors/ergonomics that can be, and indeed has been, of tremendous value to the healthcare domain. Macroergonomics offers healthcare a whole-systems orientation, a suite of methods, and numerous examples of interventions that can be successfully deployed in a variety of healthcare settings. This panel will first discuss how macroergonomic principles such as its whole-systems orientation can improve our understanding of the context of patient safety (Carayon) and the impact of health information technology (Hoonakker). Waterson (on behalf of Waterson and Eason) will present a sociotechnical analysis of a home care intervention for frail elderly patients. Wetterneck will present another multi-component intervention, this one in primary care. The panel will conclude with two examples of how macroergonomics has been used to address classic healthcare human factors issues: the implementation of electronic health records (Rivera-Rodriguez); and the classification of hazards (Gurses).
Regulation of Protein Synthesis by Ionizing Radiation

ABSTRACT Ionizing radiation (IR) is a physiologically important stress to which cells respond by the activation of multiple signaling pathways. Using a panel of immortalized and transformed breast epithelial cell lines, we demonstrate that IR regulation of protein synthesis occurs in nontransformed cells and is lost with transformation. In nontransformed cells, IR rapidly activates the MAP kinases ERK1/2, resulting in an early transient increase in cap-dependent mRNA translation that involves mTOR and is radioprotective, enhancing the translation of a subset of mRNAs encoding proteins involved in DNA repair and cell survival. Following a transient increase in translation, IR-sensitive (nontransformed) cells inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis through a mechanism that involves activation of p53, induction of Sestrin 1 and 2 genes, and stimulation of AMP kinase, inhibiting mTOR and hypophosphorylating 4E-BP1. IR is shown to block proteasome-mediated decay of 4E-BP1, increasing its abundance and the sequestration of eIF4E. The IR signal that impairs mTOR-dependent protein synthesis at late times is assembly of the DNA damage response machinery, consisting of Mre11, Rad50, and NBS1 (MRN); activation of the MRN complex kinase ATM; and p53. These results link genotoxic signaling from the DNA damage response complex to the control of protein synthesis.
Game Theoretic Framework for Future Generation Networks Modelling and Optimization

A new cost efficient automated planning and optimization method is proposed for OFDMA future-generation cellular networks targeting throughput maximization. The mathematical formulation is a non-linear multi-objective optimization problem subject to minimum interference, cost and similar resource constraints at each cell within a defined heterogeneous traffic environment. The fundamental objective is to maximize the individual cell throughput without deteriorating it over other cells, which results in a throughput equilibrium maximization over multiple cells. This implicitly implies traffic and co-channel interference congestion avoidance across the network whilst maintaining both cost efficiency and quality of service (QoS) policies. Optimal solution existence is subject to the network size, traffic and computational complexity constraints which converges to a throughput equilibrium or alternatively to the well known Nash Equilibrium (NE).
SREBP-1c/MicroRNA 33b Genomic Loci Control Adipocyte Differentiation

ABSTRACT White adipose tissue (WAT) is essential for maintaining metabolic function, especially during obesity. The intronic microRNAs miR-33a and miR-33b, located within the genes encoding sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) and SREBP-1, respectively, are transcribed in concert with their host genes and function alongside them to regulate cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose metabolism. SREBP-1 is highly expressed in mature WAT and plays a critical role in promoting in vitro adipocyte differentiation. It is unknown whether miR-33b is induced during or involved in adipogenesis. This is in part due to loss of miR-33b in rodents, precluding in vivo assessment of the impact of miR-33b using standard mouse models. This work demonstrates that miR-33b is highly induced upon differentiation of human preadipocytes, along with SREBP-1. We further report that miR-33b is an important regulator of adipogenesis, as inhibition of miR-33b enhanced lipid droplet accumulation. Conversely, overexpression of miR-33b impaired preadipocyte proliferation and reduced lipid droplet formation and the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) target genes during differentiation. These effects may be mediated by targeting of HMGA2, cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), and other predicted miR-33b targets. Together, these findings demonstrate a novel role of miR-33b in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, with important implications for the development of obesity and metabolic disease.
A Case of Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Incidentally Detected in a Child

A Case of Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Incidentally Detected in a Child Ha Jin Oh, M.D., Sang Hyun Park, M.D., Hae In Jang, M.D., Dong Hoon Lee, M.D., Yoo Duk Choi, M.D., Hee Jo Baek, M.D. and Hoon Kook, M.D. Departments of Pediatrics, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A and Yes-Associated Protein Exert Dual Control in G Protein-Coupled Receptor- and RhoA-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation and Cell Proliferation

ABSTRACT The ability of a subset of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to activate RhoA endows them with unique growth-regulatory properties. Two transcriptional pathways are activated through GPCRs and RhoA, one utilizing the transcriptional coactivator myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) and serum response factor (SRF) and the other using the transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) and TEA domain family members (TEAD). These pathways have not been compared for their relative levels of importance and potential interactions in RhoA target gene expression. GPCRs for thrombin and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on human glioblastoma cells robustly couple to RhoA and induce the matricelluar protein CCN1. Knockdown of either MRTF-A or YAP abrogates S1P-stimulated CCN1 expression, demonstrating that both coactivators are required. MRTF-A and YAP are also both required for transcriptional control of other S1P-regulated genes in various cell types and for S1P-stimulated glioblastoma cell proliferation. Interactions between MRTF-A and YAP are suggested by their synergistic effects on SRE.L- and TEAD-luciferase expression. Moreover, MRTF-A and YAP associate in coimmunoprecipitations from S1P-stimulated cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis of the CCN1 gene promoter demonstrated that S1P increases coactivator binding at the canonical transcription factor sequences. Unexpectedly, S1P also enhances MRTF-A binding at TEA sites. Our findings reveal that GPCR- and RhoA-regulated gene expression requires dual input and integration of two distinct transcriptional pathways.
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma extending to the inferior vena cava and right atrium

Abstract is not required for Clinical Imagesis not required for Clinical Images (This page in not part of the published article.) International Journal of Case Reports and Images, Vol. 6 No. 4, April 2015. ISSN – [0976-3198] Int J Case Rep Images 2015;6(4):255–257. www.ijcasereportsandimages. com Habib et al. 255 CASE REPORT OPEN ACCESS Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma extending to the inferior vena cava and right atrium S. M. Habib, L. C. W. De Jonge, R. A. Carels, C. Verveer, A. A. M. Zandbergen
Masticatory Myofascial Pain: An Explanatory Model of Regional Muscle Pain Syndromes

SUMMARY Objectives: To review the current clinical status of masticatory myofascial pain [MMP]. Findings: Masticatory myofascial pain is a regional muscle pain disorder that is consistent with regional muscle pain disorders in other parts of the body. It is characterized by localized muscle tenderness in taut bands of skeletal muscles with associated regional and referred pain. The affected muscles may also display an increased fatigability, stiffness, subjective weakness, pain in movement, and slight restricted range of motion that is unrelated to joint restriction. Understanding these factors that contribute to the development and progression of MMP can help to validate an explanatory model for etiology and treatment of MMP. This model includes peripheral mechanisms from local repetitive biomechanical strain leading to the onset of early cases of MMP while central mechanisms associated with systemic and psychosocial factors lead to increased chronicity of MMP. Management of the syndrome naturally follows from this model with therapy to rehabilitate the trigger points while focusing effort on reducing both regional and central contributing factors. Conclusions: Pain in the masticatory muscle region should be evaluated thoroughly seeking evidence for MMP. The historical and examination features can help to make a prospective diagnosis based on established clinical criteria. Treatment of this condition, based on a painful muscle model, can be very rewarding.
Pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common condition affecting an estimated 10–15% of school-aged children. It has a cyclical disease course involving periods of clear skin, early signs/symptoms and flares. Traditionally, pediatric AD was treated mainly with topical corticosteroids; however, nonsteroidal topical calcineurin inhibitors, pimecrolimus 1% cream and tacrolimus 0.03% ointment are welcome additions to the therapeutic arsenal. Pimecrolimus is indicated for mild and moderate AD and tacrolimus for moderate and severe disease. As topical calcineurin inhibitors are increasingly accepted in the AD ‘continuum of care’, a need to distinguish the optimal roles of these agents has emerged. This article reviews clinical and safety data of pimecrolimus 1% cream in pediatric AD compared with vehicle and tacrolimus 0.03% ointment.