Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Historical View of Human Resource Management Practice: Literature Review

Managing human resource was always an important concern for managers in any organization. Today, human resource management proves one of the main stream departments in modern businesses. This paper aims to focus at history of this management function. This theoretical research narrows down the literature and presents detail analysis of the origins of human resource management discipline. Author has elaborated various researches and literature resources in order to understand the history of human resource management theories and focus on various theories, models and frameworks on which this discipline was started off in history
Understanding the information needs of field-based decision-makers in humanitarian response to sudden onset disasters

The development and spread of new technology and the internet has opened a new world of possibilities to gather data and create information in a crisis. However, it is not clear which information field managers require to make the best possible decisions. As a result, it is difficult for volunteers, technology developers, and others, to collect and analyze data that results in information that is accessible and actionable for decision makers. To understand the information requirements of humanitarian responders, a workshop was conducted, bringing together eighteen experienced humanitarian responders. The results of the workshop include preliminary frameworks for decisions and information requirements that are common during the initial phases of a sudden onset disaster. These frameworks will help volunteer and technical communities to understand the information field decision-makers require to make the best possible decisions.
c-Myc inhibition decreases CIP2A and reduces BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase activity in chronic myeloid leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant disease of the primitive hematologic cell which is driven by BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase activity. [1][1] Although in recent years CML treatment has been drastically improved by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib, at least one-third of patients
Food Safety and Hyienic Practices of Street Food Vendors in Owerri, Nigeria

The paper examines the food safety and hygienic practices of street food vendors in Owerri, Nigeria. It argues that although street foods play an important role in meeting the food demands of urban dwellers, there are several health hazards associated with them. The study found that women made up 66.67% of the vendors while males made up 33.33%. The average age group was 31-40 years. 23.81% of the vendors prepared food in unhygienic conditions. 42.86% did not use aprons; 47.62% handled food with bare hands and 52.38% wore no hair covering while 61.90% handled money while serving food. 19.05% wore jewelry while serving food and 28.57% blew air into polythene bag before use. 9.52% of the vendors stored food for serving openly in the stalls while 23.81% stored them in the wheelbarrows. 42.86% had leftovers for serving the next day with poor storage facilities. 47.62% of the vendors washed their utensils with dirty water which is recycled and used severally in 28.57% despite the fact that only 9.52% of them complained of water shortages. Thr paper recommends that there is need for health education of these vendors in order to ensure food safety for the consumers. Keywords: food safety; hygienic; street food; vendors; Owerri Nigeria
Mechanical model of an earthquake fault.

We examine the dynamic behavior of a simple mechanical model of an earthquake fault. This model, introduced originally by Burridge and Knopoff (Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 57, 341 (1967)), consists of an elastically coupled chain of masses in contact with a moving rough surface. Our version of the model retains the full Newtonian dynamics with inertial effects and contains no externally imposed stochasticity or spatial inhomogeneity. The only nonlinear feature is a velocity-weakening stick-slip friction force between the masses and the moving surface. This system is being driven persistently toward a slipping instability and, therefore, exhibits noisy sequences of earthquakelike events. We observe these events in numerical simulations and are able to predict many of their features analytically. Their size distributions are found numerically to be consistent with the Gutenberg-Richter law. Some aspects of the size distributions can be understood by scaling arguments.
Towards generic support for distributed information systems

The authors are concerned with providing support for a range of object oriented programming languages to be used in multi-user, multi-machine, heterogeneous environments requiring associative access, as well as concurrency and storage management. In order to operate in this environment the implementations of current object oriented languages must however be extended. Their goal is to provide a generic runtime support system open to a range of programming language implementations and requiring no (or only minor) alterations to each supported language. <<ETX>>
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists versus angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: effects on renal function.

PURPOSE Recent work has suggested that proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium may be regulated by a local renin-angiotensin system which may be independent of the circulating renin-angiotensin system. The aim of this review was to examine the long-term renal consequences of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists. RESULTS Except in states of extreme volume depletion, in which ACE inhibitors may, unlike angiotensin II receptor antagonists, have an adverse effect on the glomerular filtration rate, no differences were observed between the two types of inhibitor. Like ACE inhibitors, the angiotensin II inhibitors TCV 116 and losartan cause a marked impairment in the renal adaptation to dietary sodium restriction, suggesting that blockade of the renin-angiotensin system is primarily involved in this process. CONCLUSIONS Further studies in human renovascular hypertension and chronic renal disease are required.
Pool of ligand‐bound platelet‐derived growth factor β‐receptors remain activated and tyrosine phosphorylated after internalization

We have examined the state of tyrosine phosphorylation of ligand‐bound, internalized platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) β‐receptors. Analysis by immunofluorescence staining of cells stimulated with PDGF‐BB at 370C indicated colocalization of phosphotyrosine, PDGF β‐receptors, and PDGF‐BB in endosome‐like vesicles. Treatment of cells with an acidic buffer, which removed cell surfacebound PDGF‐BB, led to a considerable decrease in phosphorylation and kinase activity of cell surface localized PDGF β‐receptors, but not of internalized receptors. Immunoprecipitations using antisera against phosphotyrosine and the PDGF β‐receptor from metabolically labeled cells showed that a major fraction of the tyrosine‐phosphorylated pool of receptors were still accessible to the acid buffer treatment after 10 min of incubation of the cells at 370C. Under these conditions, about 20‐25% of the total pool of tyrosine‐phosphorylated, receptors were intratcellular, since they remained tyrosine phosphorylated after the acid buffer treatment. A considerable pool of tyrosine‐phosphorylated, internalized receptors, after 10 min of incubation of the cells at 370C, could also be detected by immunoblotting analysis, using antisera against the PDGF β‐receptor and phosphotyrosine. Analysis by in vitro kinase assays of immunoprecipitated PDGF β‐receptors, obtained from PDGF‐BB‐stimulated cells different times after acid wash, showed that the internalized receptors retained kinase activity. These data suggest that a pool of internalized PDGF β‐receptors remain active and may participate in signalling a considerable time after internalization. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting carbon dioxide and energy fluxes across global FLUXNET sites with regression algorithms

Abstract. Spatio-temporal fields of land–atmosphere fluxes derived from data-driven models can complement simulations by process-based land surface models. While a number of strategies for empirical models with eddy-covariance flux data have been applied, a systematic intercomparison of these methods has been missing so far. In this study, we performed a cross-validation experiment for predicting carbon dioxide, latent heat, sensible heat and net radiation fluxes across different ecosystem types with 11 machine learning (ML) methods from four different classes (kernel methods, neural networks, tree methods, and regression splines). We applied two complementary setups: (1) 8-day average fluxes based on remotely sensed data and (2) daily mean fluxes based on meteorological data and a mean seasonal cycle of remotely sensed variables. The patterns of predictions from different ML and experimental setups were highly consistent. There were systematic differences in performance among the fluxes, with the following ascending order: net ecosystem exchange (R2 0.6), gross primary production (R2> 0.7), latent heat (R2 > 0.7), sensible heat (R2 > 0.7), and net radiation (R2 > 0.8). The ML methods predicted the across-site variability and the mean seasonal cycle of the observed fluxes very well (R2 > 0.7), while the 8-day deviations from the mean seasonal cycle were not well predicted (R2
Conspecific Negative Density Dependence and Forest Diversity

Keep Your Distance Conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD), whereby the abundance of a species is limited by negative interactions between individuals of the same species, is thought to have an important influence on the composition and dynamics of forest communities, but studies have generally been limited to few species and small areas. Johnson et al. (p. 904) analyzed CNDD in over 200,000 plots from a database of more than 3 million individuals of 151 species spanning 4 million square kilometers across forests in the eastern United States and found that the strength of CNDD strongly predicted the relative abundance of tree species. Because tree seedlings are unlikely to become established where conspecific adults are common, CNDD may provide a general mechanism maintaining diversity in forests. Tree seedlings have a harder time establishing themselves in forests containing many adults of the same species. Conspecific negative density-dependent establishment, in which local abundance negatively affects establishment of conspecific seedlings through host-specific enemies, can influence species diversity of plant communities, but the generality of this process is not well understood. We tested the strength of density dependence using the United States Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis database containing 151 species from more than 200,000 forest plots spanning 4,000,000 square kilometers. We found that most species experienced conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD), but there was little effect of heterospecific density. Additionally, abundant species exhibited weaker CNDD than rarer species, and species-rich regions exhibited stronger CNDD than species-poor regions. Collectively, our results provide evidence that CNDD is a pervasive mechanism driving diversity across a gradient from boreal to subtropical forests.
Mining the literature for genes associated with placenta-mediated maternal diseases

Automated literature analysis could significantly speed up understanding of the role of the placenta and the impact of its development and functions on the health of the mother and the child. To facilitate automatic extraction of information about placenta-mediated disorders from the literature, we manually annotated genes and proteins, the associated diseases, and the functions and processes involved in the development and function of placenta in a collection of PubMed/MEDLINE abstracts. We developed three baseline approaches to finding sentences containing this information: one based on supervised machine learning (ML) and two based on distant supervision: 1) using automated detection of named entities and 2) using MeSH. We compare the performance of several well-known supervised ML algorithms and identify two approaches, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Generalized Linear Models (GLM), which yield up to 98% recall precision and F1 score. We demonstrate that distant supervision approaches could be used at the expense of missing up to 15% of relevant documents.
Age at menarche: secular trends and association with adult anthropometric measures.

BACKGROUND Age at menarche has been used as a marker of environmental conditions during childhood. Previous work has shown trends of decreasing age at menarche throughout the 19th century, but reported trends in the 20th century have been less consistent. The nature of the relationship between age at menarche and adult life anthropometric measures may be important in understanding the importance of this measure on disease in later life. AIM To establish whether mean age at menarche changed during the first half of the 20th century, and to determine the nature of associations between age at menarche and anthropometric measures in young adulthood. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 3433 female students, who were born between 1919 and 1952 and who attended health checks at the student health service of the University of Glasgow between 1948 and 1968. RESULTS Mean age at menarche decreased from 13.2 years in the earliest born to 12.5 years in the latest born students. These results were not explained by changes in socio-demographic factors. Menarcheal age was positively associated with height and negatively associated with weight and BMI, results independent of socio-demographic and behavioural factors. CONCLUSIONS The falling age at menarche described here may be related to nutritional influences in the first half of the 20th century. The influence of menarche on BMI in early adulthood may have important health consequences.
"Like" it or not: How do Users Understand the Relationship between

The "like" button on many social media platforms allows individuals to express endorsement of content. However, sites with a "liking" feature, such as Facebook, also permit users to edit or change the content of the original post after it has been published and "liked" by other users. This can be problematic if a transparent edit history is not (easily) available. In this paper, we report an online survey that assessed how individuals interpret what has changed in such a case. We tested four interface designs to see whether making the evolution of "likes" and edited comments more explicit improved users' understanding of what had happened. We found, that in contrast to what is displayed in current interface implementations, alternate interface designs make clearer how "likes" are associated with posts that changed over time. These have the potential to help users understand what has been changed in the post more easily.
Improving and Evaluating Starch Digestibility for Lactating Dairy Cows

Introduction Digestibility of starch in lactating dairy cows can be altered or improved by numerous mechanisms. Management practices, such as grinding corn, (Remond et al., 2004), steam flaking corn (Callison et al., 2001), fermenting corn (Oba and Allen, 2003), or feeding corns with weak starch protein matrixes (Lopes et al., 2009), have been demonstrated to improve starch digestion and milk production of lactating dairy cows. The aforementioned management practices are common in the dairy industry and are routinely used to improve the feeding characteristic of corn grain. The net merit or degree to which a management practice improves starch digestibility however has been difficult to quantify. New information and technologies are however emerging which allow dairy nutrition consultants and producers to better understand and evaluate factors associated with starch digestibility in lactating dairy cows.
Voltage-Based Charge Balance Controller Suitable for Both Digital and Analog Implementations

In this paper, a novel voltage-based charge balance control algorithm is presented, which is suitable for both digital and analog implementations for buck converter to achieve near-optimal dynamic performance. First, this paper presents a new derivation of practical charge balance equations based on simplified differential equations. This deviation is applicable to both fast input voltage and load step transients. The final algorithm does not require complex calculations and accurate knowledge of the output filter LC parameter. Second, the proposed voltage-based charge balance controller does not require accurate current sensor or fast analog-to-digital converter. Instead, to detect the critical time instant when the inductor current equals the new load current, a practical extreme voltage detector is introduced to capture the output voltage peak/valley information. Third, this algorithm is simple to be implemented by either low-cost digital signal processing devices (such as microcontroller unit) or analog circuits. Both digital and analog experimental prototypes are built to verify the feasibility and advantages of the new method.
Modeling information asymmetry mitigation through food traceability systems using partial least squares

Originally food traceability is not something new, however its added values and potentials which are enabled by information technology is what’s new. Food traceability was imposed on the food industry as a regulatory requirement which came as a response toward food incidents crisis’s like the BSE, salmonella breakouts …etc. These events have made consumers more skeptic about the food they consume especially that a lot of information about food is only known by food producers ,i.e. Genetically modified ingredients, allergic components’ in food…etc, this gap in information has created an information asymmetry situation in the food industry between producers and consumers’, which is well reported in the literature. This study sheds the light on the role of food traceability in reducing uncertainties related to risks of food products, by helping consumers become more informed about the food they consume, through the potentials of tracing food products from farm to fork in a web-based format from the records of traceability systems provided by food producers. Through a survey research we found that food traceability can reduce the aforementioned information asymmetry because it reduces consumer’ perceived risks toward food, this good cause of reducing information asymmetry was found to be faced with a willingness to pay price premiums for traceable products
The human keratinocyte two‐dimensional gel protein database (update 1992): Towards an integrated approach to the study of cell proliferation, differentiation and skin diseases

The master two‐dimensional gel database of human keratinocytes currently lists 2980 cellular proteins (2098 isoelectric focusing, IEF; and 882 nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis, NEPHGE) many of which correspond to posttranslational modifications. About 20% of all recorded proteins have been identified (protein name, organelle components, etc.) and they are listed in alphabetical order together with their Mr, pI, cellular localization and credit to the investigator(s) that aided in the identification. Also, we have listed 145 microsequenced proteins that are recorded in this database. As an aid in localizing the polypeptides we have included blow‐ups of the master images (IEF, NEPHGE) displaying all the protein numbers. In the long run, the master keratinocyte database is expected to link protein and DNA sequencing and mapping information (Human Genome Program) and to provide an integrated picture of the expression levels and properties of the thousands of proteins that orchestrate various keratinocyte functions both in health and disease.
Tweeting and tornadoes

Social Media and micro-blogging is being used during crisis events to provide live up-to-date information as events evolve (before, during and after). Messages are posted by citizens or public officials. To understand the effectiveness of these messages, we examined the content of geo-located Twitter messages (“tweets”) sent during the Moore, Oklahoma tornado of May 20, 2013 (+/-1day) to explore the spatial and temporal relationships of real-time reactions of the general public. We found a clear transition of topics during each stage of the tornado event. Twitter was useful for posting and retrieving updates, reconstructing the sequence of events as well as capturing people’s reactions leading up to, during and after the tornado. A long-term goal for the research reported here is to provide insights to forecasters and emergency response personnel concerning the impact of warnings and other advisory messages.
Extracranial Stereotactic Radiotherapy: Preliminary Results with the CyberKnife®

In the field of radiation oncology, equipment for fractionated radiotherapy and single-dose radiosurgery has become increasingly accurate, together with the introduction of robotized treatments. A robot is a device that can be programmed to carry out accurate, repeated and ad-justed tasks in a given environment. Treatment of extracranial lesions involves taking into account organ mobility (tumor and healthy tissue) whilst retaining the ability to stereotactically locate the target. New imaging techniques (single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET)) provide further relevant information to slice images (computed tomography (CT) scans, MRI) for target definition. Hypo-fractionated treatments can only be used for curative treatment if the target is accurately defined and tracked during treatment. The CyberKnife® is a non-invasive system of radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. For intracranial lesions treated by single-dose radiosurgery, it has been used to treat meningioma, acoustic neuromas, pituitary adenoma, metastases, arteriovenous malformations and refractory pain (trigeminal neuralgia). More than 10,000 patients have been treated worldwide. Currently, the most significant developments are in the field of extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy (lung, liver, reirradiation, prostate, etc.). Clinical results obtained in the Cyberknife Nord-Ouest program after 1 year of experience are presented.
Design and simulation of a compact novel LTCC antenna for integrated Bluetooth applications

A compact novel antenna for Bluetooth or wireless LAN applications by low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) tochnology is presented in this paper. The novel antenna is composed of stacked meander, helix structures, and multi-layer parasitic patches are employed to miniaturize the antenna. The simulated results show that the proposed antenna, having compact size of 3.2×1.6×1.2mm3, has a bandwidth of 60MHZ (VSWR<3:1) and a maximum gain of 0.5dBi, realizes omnidirectional radiation patterns across the whole operating frequency band.
Automatic generation of Web mining environments

The main problem related to the retrieval of information from the world wide web is the enormous number of unstructured documents and resources, i.e., the difficulty of locating and tracking appropriate sources. This paper presents a web mining environment (WME), which is capable of finding, extracting and structuring information related to a particular domain from web documents, using general purpose indices. The WME architecture includes a web engine filter (WEF), to sort and reduce the answer set returned by a web engine, a data source pre-processor (DSP), which processes html layout cues in order to collect and qualify page segments, and a heuristic-based information extraction system (HIES), to finally retrieve the required data. Furthermore, we present a web mining environment generator, WMEG, that allows naive users to generate a WME specific to a given domain by providing a set of specifications.