Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[An experimental study on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with remnants and remaining bundle preservation].

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with the remnants and the remaining bundle preservation is beneficial for the revascularization of the graft or not. METHODS Animal models of the ACL reconstruction in 18 healthy New Zealand White rabbits (2-3 months old) were made using about 2.5 cm long extensor digitorum longus tendon and randomly divided into three groups (n=6): remnants debridement group (group A), remnants preservation group (group B) and remaining bundle preservation group (group C). The histological examination was made after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of operation. The intravascular injection of ink was used to observe the revascularization of the graft. The specimens were stained with HE method to observe the histological changes of the graft. RESULTS All the animals were in good condition and had good knee functions in the observation period. There was no new vessel in groups A and B at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. And new vessels were observed in the synovium of the graft in group C. The areas of the vessels in group C were (505 +/- 27) pixels at 2 weeks and (624 +/- 23) pixels at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks postoperatively new vessels were observed in all the three groups. The new vessel areas of groups A, B and C were (674 +/- 65), (836 +/- 76) and (1219 +/- 146) pixels, respectively. The vessel areas of group C were significantly bigger than those of groups A and B (P < 0.05). The vessel area of group B was significantly bigger than that of group A (P < 0.05). The fibroblast amount in group B was significantly more than that in group A at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between them at 8 weeks postoperatively (P > 0.05). The fibroblast amount of group C was significantly more than that of group A (P < 0.05) at each observation time postoperatively. At 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, the fibroblast amount of group C was significantly more than that of group B (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between them at 8 weeks postoperatively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION ACL reconstruction with remnants and remaining bundle preservation is beneficial for the early revascularization and fibroblasts growing of the graft. So the course of necrosis, regeneration and remodeling of the graft is shortened.
Landscaping Locally: Fostering Stewardship with Real Science in High School Curricula

The Igniting Streams of Learning in Science (ISLS) academy engages 11th and 12th grade students and their teachers in a year-long learning community (LC) experience. ISLS transforms attitudes about science in school curricula, local communities, college classrooms, and government agencies. The goals of ISLS are ambitious: 1) to increase student interest in teaching high school science, 2) to increase the number of students pursing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) majors in college, and 3) to connect students to their local environments using methods of scientific investigation. The ISLS Academy uses a four-part model that can be replicated. The model is centered on a twelve day summer institute: 1) pre-institute formation of seven member learning communities, 2) immersion of LC members in the summer institute where they are introduced to bio-monitoring protocols while being mentored by college professors, graduate students, and professional scientists from government agencies and private industry, 3) post-institute adaptation of protocols in the development of learning objects (LOs) (elements of a curriculum) to address local environmental issues, and 4) follow-up activities with LC members using their LOs in teaching peers and others. This paper is a mid-project report on a three-year program. It concerns fourteen school districts from urban, suburban and rural areas where students and teachers demonstrate the applicability of real science curricula across districts. By using "real science", i.e. the biomonitoring protocols of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, students recognize that they themselves can use science to assess and improve the health of their local environments. The success and applicability of the ISLS program to other regions is dependent upon fostering ownership in the use of scientific protocols and methods of learning that invite all students to become citizen scientists. Results thus far indicate a high level of success in increasing student interest and understanding of science and in developing LOs that 1) are aligned with state science standards, 2) utilize current technologies already embraced by students, and 3) incorporate ecosystem approaches for addressing issues of local landscapes.
Thrombolysis induces cerebral hemorrhage in a mouse model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy

We studied the impact of cerebral amyloid angiopathy on tissue plasminogen activator‐induced cerebral hemorrhages in APP23 transgenic mice. Results show that the intravenous administration of tissue plasminogen activator in APP23 mice leads to an increase in cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐associated microhemorrhages and can provoke parenchymal and subarachnoidal hematomas. We conclude that cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage caused by tissue plasminogen activator administration in mice and stress the need for more comprehensive studies of the relation between cerebral amyloid angiopathy and tissue plasminogen activator‐induced cerebral hemorrhages in elderly and Alzheimer's disease patients.
Comparison and combination of reduced-order modelling techniques in 3D parametrized heat transfer problems

Reduced basis method has successfully been used in 2D to solve heat transfer parametrized problems. In this work, we present some 3D applications in the same field. We consider two problems, the steady Thermal Fin and the time-dependent Graetz Flow, we compare two reduced-order modelling techniques: Reduced basis and Proper orthogonal decomposition, then we apply a combination of the two strategies in the time-dependent case.
The Humanbecoming Leading‐Following Model in Practice

The purpose of this column is to illustrate how the humanbecoming leading‐following model was lived by nurses practicing within hospital, community, and school settings. The authors describe practice scenarios to show ways that nurses guided by the humanbecoming theory lived the processes and the key ideas of the model. One example addresses a change of policy, as the nurse lived the humanbecoming beliefs and values in leading‐following. This column is nursing theory‐guided evidence‐based practice.
EFECTO DE XILANASAS EN DIETAS A BASE DE SORGO CON DIFERENTES NIVELES DE ENERGÍA METABOLIZABLE Y PROTEÍNA CRUDA SOBRE VARIABLES PRODUCTIVAS Y DE LA CANAL DE CERDOS EN INICIACIÓN

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la adicion de xilanasas en dietas a base de sorgo, bajas en energia metabolizable (EM) y proteina cruda (PC), para cerdos en iniciacion sobre las variables productivas y de la canal. Se realizaron dos experimentos utilizando cerdos de la raza York x Landrace x Duroc. En el experimento 1 se utilizaron 20 cerdos castrados y 20 hembras (11,22 ± 1,36 kg de peso inicial), el diseno experimental fue completamente al azar. Los tratamientos consistieron en cuatro niveles de energia (3,350; 3,315; 3,280; y 3,245 Mcal kg-1) con o sin la adicion de xilanasas. En el experimento 2 se utilizaron 20 cerdos castrados y 20 hembras (10,1 ± 1,8 kg de peso inicial). El diseno experimental fue completamente al azar. Los tratamientos consistieron en dos niveles de PC (18 y 20%) y dos niveles de EM (3,350 y 3,245 Mcal) con o sin la inclusion de xilanasas. En el experimento 1, la adicion de xilanasas compenso la reduccion de EM en 105 kcal, debido a que las variables productivas y de la canal no fueron afectadas por la reduccion de energia (P>0,1). En el experimento 2, la reduccion de EM y PC no cambiaron las variables productivas ni de la canal (P>0,1). La adicion de xilanasas permite la reduccion de energia (105 kilocalorias) y PC (2%) en dietas a base de sorgo para cerdos en iniciacion manteniendo la respuesta productiva y las caracteristicas de la canal.
An atom-economical approach to functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes: reaction with disulfides.

Owing to their unique structure, thermal stability, and mechanical and electronic properties, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been a subject of continuous and intense interest. However, various applications in many fields, such as molecular electronics, solar cells, and nanomedicine, often require the development of reproducible protocols for the chemical modification of SWCNTs. In fact, one of the main drawbacks of the use of SWCNTs is their tendency to aggregate and intrinsic poor solubility, which prevent their manipulation and limit their potential. To date, several methods have been described for the chemical functionalization of SWCNTs; however, new versatile and reliable methods are still needed.We focused our attention on disulfides, which are a very useful family of compounds owing to the presence of the flexible S S bond. Disulfides can be prepared readily from the corresponding thiols; thus, a wide range of substrates are accessible. In this study, we used very mild and reproducible conditions for the production of a wide variety of functionalized SWCNTs (f-SWCNT). Pristine HiPco SWCNTs (p-SWCNTs, prepared with high-pressure carbon monoxide, HiPco) were treated with disulfides in deoxygenated toluene at reflux (Scheme 1). The reaction with diphenyl disulfide was monitored for 48 h by
Suppressed Bone Turnover by Bisphosphonates Increases Microdamage Accumulation and Reduces Some Biomechanical Properties in Dog Rib

It has been hypothesized that suppression of bone remodeling allows microdamage to accumulate, leading to increased bone fragility. This study evaluated the effects of reduced bone turnover produced by bisphosphonates on microdamage accumulation and biomechanical properties of cortical bone in the dog rib. Thirty‐six female beagles, 1–2 years old, were divided into three groups. The control group (CNT) was treated daily for 12 months with saline vehicle. The remaining two groups were treated daily with risedronate (RIS) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg per day or alendronate (ALN) at 1.0 mg/kg per day orally. After sacrifice, the right ninth rib was assigned to cortical histomorphometry or microdamage analysis. The left ninth rib was tested to failure in three‐point bending. Total cross‐sectional bone area was significantly increased in both RIS and ALN compared with CNT, whereas cortical area did not differ significantly among groups. One‐year treatment with RIS or ALN significantly suppressed intracortical remodeling (RIS, 53%; ALN, 68%) without impairment of mineralization and significantly increased microdamage accumulation in both RIS (155%) and ALN (322%) compared with CNT. Although bone strength and stiffness were not significantly affected by the treatments, bone toughness declined significantly in ALN (20%). Regression analysis showed a significant nonlinear relationship between suppressed intracortical bone remodeling and microdamage accumulation as well as a significant linear relationship between microdamage accumulation and reduced toughness. This study showed that suppression of bone turnover by high doses of bisphosphonates is associated with microdamage accumulation and reduced some mechanical properties of bone.
Linear stochastic evaluation of tyre vibration due to tyre / road excitation

Tyre/road interaction is recognised as the main source of interior and exterior noise for velocities over the 40 km/h. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) elemental approach has been adopted to predict the stochastic tyre vibration and hence the interior and exterior noise due to this kind of excitation. The road excitation has been modelled from the spectral density of a common road profile, supposing the road to be an isotropic surface. A linear Winkler bedding connects the 3D model of the tyre with the ground. The exterior noise has been evaluated by an elemental calculation of the radiation matrix of the tyre deformed by the static load on a concrete road. The noise inside the vehicle has also been calculated, using the transfer functions from the force transmitted to the hub and the noise inside the vehicle, which have been computed by a FEM model of a common car body. The simple formulation allows much quicker calculation than traditional nonlinear approaches, and appears to give results consistent with available measurements, although the effects of tyre rotation and of the nonlinearities in the contact model are yet to be quantified, and the method requires further experimental validation before practical application. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Prevalence and Effects of Rape Myths in Print Journalism

Two studies examine the prevalence and effects of rape myths in the print media covering a real-life case of alleged sexual assault. Study 1 was an archival study of 156 sources from around the country. Articles about the Kobe Bryant case were coded for instances of rape myths, among other variables. Of the articles, 65 mentioned at least one rape myth (with “she's lying” being the single most common myth perpetuated). Study 2 assessed participants' (N = 62) prior knowledge of the Bryant case and exposed them to a myth-endorsing or myth-challenging article about the case. Those exposed to the myth-endorsing article were more likely to believe that Bryant was not guilty and the alleged victim was lying. The implications for victim reporting and reducing sexual assault in general are discussed.
Laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy for in vivo diagnosis of non‐melanoma skin cancers

Laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy is a non‐invasive technique previously used for detection of cancer in a variety of organ systems. The objective of this study was to determine whether in vivo laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy alone at the visible excitation wavelength of 410 nm could be used to detect non‐melanoma skin cancers.
Combination of interferon-beta and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, perindopril, attenuates murine hepatocellular carcinoma development and angiogenesis.

PURPOSE Angiogenesis is now recognized as a crucial step in the development of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the combined effect of the clinically used angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, perindopril (PE), and IFN-beta on the development and angiogenesis of murine HCC at clinically comparable low doses. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN PE and IFN were administered at doses of 2 mg/kg/day and 1 x 10(4) IU/twice a week, respectively. RESULTS Both PE and IFN significantly suppressed HCC development and inhibited neovascularization in the tumor, although the effect of low-dose IFN was weaker than that of PE. A combination regimen of PE plus IFN was effective; IFN significantly augmented the tumoricidal effect of PE. These inhibitory effects of PE plus IFN could be detected even on established tumors. The potent angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, was markedly suppressed by combined treatment with PE and IFN, whereas these agents produced a marked increase of apoptosis in the tumor. The in vitro studies exhibited that PE and IFN inhibited endothelial cell tubular formation. IFN also suppressed endothelial cell proliferation, whereas neither IFN nor PE showed any inhibitory effect on proliferation of HCC cells. CONCLUSION The combination treatment of PE and IFN at clinically comparable low doses could inhibit HCC development and angiogenesis and suppress vascular endothelial growth factor as well. Because both agents are widely used in clinical practice, this combination regimen may represent a potential new strategy for HCC therapy in the future.
Molecular profiling of genes up-regulated during promotion by phenobarbital treatment in a medium-term rat liver bioassay.

In search of genes that are steadily up-regulated during the promotion stage in carcinogenesis, suppression PCR subtractive hybridization and following northern blot screening were performed using a phenobarbital (PB)-promotion model based on a medium-term liver bioassay. Two weeks after a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN; 200 mg/kg body wt, i.p.), rats were given 600 p.p.m. PB in the drinking water for up to 64 weeks. For comparison, animals fed 1 p.p.m. ethinylestradiol (EE) or 3000 p.p.m. butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in the diet at promotion stage were also included. Rats were subjected to partial hepatectomy (PH) at week 3. In addition, dose-dependence of PB at week 8 of promotion and responsiveness to representative non-genotoxic carcinogens without DEN initiation were examined. Fragments of a total of 67 different genes were isolated from the up-regulated gene population in the liver at day 10 of PB treatment by subtracting from basal expression of DEN + PH alone. Using northern blot screening for signal-detectable 48 genes, 16 genes showed up-regulation in the livers at week 8 of promotion, common to the PB and EE treatments with the levels being three times or more than the basal expression of unpromoted liver. The majority of these genes were also up-regulated at week 8 by BHT treatment, and were also constitutively expressed in the DEN(-), PH(-) untreated rat livers. Among the up-regulated genes common to the PB and EE promotion, and not responding to the non-genotoxic carcinogens in uninitiated liver, the following six genes showed overexpression in PB-promoted hepatocellular carcinomas at week 64, with the levels three times or more than untreated rat liver: ubiquitously expressed mammalian ABC half transporter, apolipoprotein A4, nuclear receptor binding factor-2, CD81, hypothetical protein (HSPC014) and one unidentified gene. These genes might be candidates for biomarkers in screening of non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens by analysis in two-stage carcinogenesis models.
Drosophila homeodomain protein REPO controls glial differentiation by cooperating with ETS and BTB transcription factors

In Drosophila, cell-fate determination of all neuroectoderm-derived glial cells depends on the transcription factor Glial cells missing (GCM), which serves as a binary switch between the neuronal and glial cell fates. Because the expression of GCM is restricted to the early phase of glial development, other factors must be responsible for the terminal differentiation of glial cells. Expression of three transcription factors, Reversed Polarity (REPO), Tramtrack p69 (TTK69) and PointedP1 (PNTP1), is induced by GCM in glial cells. REPO is a paired-like homeodomain protein, expressed exclusively in glial cells, and is required for the migration and differentiation of embryonic glial cells. To understand how REPO functions in glial terminal differentiation, we have analyzed the mechanism of gene regulation by REPO. We show that REPO can act as a transcriptional activator through the CAATTA motif in glial cells, and define three genes whose expression in vivo depends on REPO function. In different types of glial cells, REPO can act alone, or cooperate with either TTK69 or PNTP1 to regulate different target genes. Coordination of target gene expression by these three transcription factors may contribute to the diversity of glial cell types. In addition to promoting glial differentiation, we found that REPO is also necessary to suppress neuronal development, cooperating with TTK69. We propose that REPO plays a key role in both glial development and diversification.
Na 1 / Ca 2 1 exchange in catfish retina horizontal cells : regulation of intracellular Ca 2 1 store function

Micci, M. A. , and Burgess N. Christensen. Na1/Ca21 exchange in catfish retina horizontal cells: regulation of intracellular Ca21 store function. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Cell Physiol. 43): C1625–C1633, 1998. —The role of the Na1/Ca21 exchanger in intracellular Ca21 regulation was investigated in freshly dissociated catfish retinal horizontal cells (HC). Ca21-permeable glutamate receptors and L-type Ca21 channels as well as inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive and caffeine-sensitive intracellular Ca21 stores regulate intracellular Ca21 in these cells. We used the Ca21-sensitive dye fluo 3 to measure changes in intracellular Ca21 concentration ([Ca]i) under conditions in which Na1/Ca21 exchange was altered. In addition, the role of the Na1/Ca21 exchanger in the refilling of the caffeine-sensitive Ca21 store following caffeinestimulated Ca21 release was assessed. Brief applications of caffeine (1–10 s) produced rapid and transient changes in [Ca]i. Repeated applications of caffeine produced smaller Ca21 transients until no further Ca21 was released. Store refilling occurred within 1–2 min and required extracellular Ca21. Ouabain-induced increases in intracellular Na1 concentration ([Na]i) increased both basal free [Ca]i and caffeinestimulated Ca21 release. Reduction of external Na1 concentration ([Na]o) further and reversibly increased [Ca]i in ouabain-treated HC. This effect was not abolished by the Ca21 channel blocker nifedipine, suggesting that increases in [Na]i promote net extracellular Ca21 influx through a Na1/ Ca21 exchanger. Moreover, when [Na]o was replaced by Li1, caffeine did not stimulate release of Ca21 from the caffeinesensitive store after Ca21 depletion. The Na1/Ca21 exchanger inhibitor 28,48-dimethylbenzamil significantly reduced the caffeine-evoked Ca21 response 1 and 2 min after store depletion.
Sağlıklı Kişilerde Helikobakter Pylori Sıklığı

Ö Z E T Çalışmamızda, toplumumuzdaki sağlıklı bireylerde Helikobakter Pylori antikoru sıklığını araştırdık. Çalışmaya, 0-30 yaş grubunda bulunan 509 kişi alındı. Kontrol grubu olarak, Türkiye'nin çeşitli yörelerinden Almanya'ya giden ve orada yaşayan 0-30 yaş arası sağlıklı 304 kişi alındı. Helikobakter Pyloriye'ye karşı oluymuş IgG-HP antikorları Syn-Elisa H. Pylori (Fa. Elias Freiburg) ve Transferable Solid faz tekniği (Pins) ile ölçüldü. Cut off değeri, 10 lU/ml kil (spesifitesi %81.8, sensitivitesi %84.3). Çalışma gru­ bunda, antikor sıklığı 0-5 yaş arası %28.4, 6-10 yaş arası %44, 11-15 yaş arası %69.4, 16-20 yaş arası %67.9, 21-30 yaş arası %71.1 olarak saptandı. Kontrol grubunda ise, sırasıyla, %12.9, %37.5, %50, %66.6ve %64.3 ola­ rak saptandı. Bu sonuçlara göre, toplumumuzda sağlıklı kişilerde yüksek oranda Helikobakter Pylori antikoru sıklığı mevcut­ tur. Bu oran, Almanya'da yaşayan vatandaşlarımızdan daha fazladır (P<0.01). Bu yüksek antikor oranının, çeşitli sosyoekonomik ve çevresel bazı nedenlere bağlı olabile­ ceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Preferential Misincorporation of Purine Nucleotides by Human DNA Polymerase η Opposite Benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-Diol 9,10-Epoxide Deoxyguanosine Adducts*

Human DNA polymerase η was used to copy four stereoisomeric deoxyguanosine (dG) adducts derived from benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide (diastereomer with the 7-hydroxyl group and epoxide oxygen trans (BaP DE-2)). The adducts, formed by either cis or trans epoxide ring opening of each enantiomer of BaP DE-2 by N 2 of dG, were placed at the fourth nucleotide from the 5′-end in two 16-mer sequence contexts, 5′∼CG*A∼ and 5′∼GG*T. polη was remarkably error prone at all four diol epoxide adducts, preferring to misincorporate G and A at frequencies 3- to more than 50-fold greater than the frequencies for T or the correct C, although the highest rates were 60-fold below the rate of incorporation of C opposite a non-adducted G. Antito syn rotation of the adducted base, consistent with previous NMR data for a BaP DE-2 dG adduct placed just beyond a primer terminus, provides a rationale for preferring purine misincorporation. Extension of purine misincorporations occurred preferentially, but extension beyond the adduct site was weak withV max/K m values generally 10-fold less than for misincorporation. Mostly A was incorporated opposite (+)-BaP DE-2 dG adducts, which correlates with published observations that G → T is the most common type of mutation that (+)-BaP DE-2 induces in mammalian cells.