Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Borrelia burgdorferi infection surrounding La Crosse, Wis

This investigation defined the extent of Borrelia burgdorferi infection surrounding La Crosse, Wis. White-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus or P. maniculatis, were captured from sites in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa and cultured for B. burgdorferi to define the local boundaries of the midwestern Lyme disease area. All foci of B. burgdorferi infection (N1, N2, N3, and N4) were located north of interstate highway 90 except focus S2, which was south of the highway near Fort McCoy, Wis. The interstate highway may have been a barrier to deer movement which slowed the southward dispersal of Ixodes dammini. B. burgdorferi was isolated from 12 (63%) of the mice captured from site N4, which was adjacent to the western border of Fort McCoy. Unexpectedly, no B. burgdorferi-infected mice were isolated at site N0, located north of interstate highway 90 and enclosed by areas in which B. burgdorferi infection is endemic. This site is surrounded by natural barriers which may have slowed the spread of I. dammini by deer. The Wisconsin area in which B. burgdorferi is endemic should now include the surrounding area north of interstate highway 90 west from Fort McCoy to the Mississippi River. Additional studies are needed to define the rapidity, limits, and means of I. dammini dispersal into southern Wisconsin.
Some aspects of the effect of cyproterone acetate on levels of other steroid hormones in man.

Measurements were made of plasma testosterone levels in males treated with the low dose of cyproterone acetate used in the treatment of hypersexuality together with some urinary estrogen and pregnanediol levels in females treated with the same dose with and without the addition of estrogen. The 7 adult males received 50 mg cyproterone acetate orally twice daily for treatment of hypersexuality. In addition 2 females aged 37 and 47 received the same dose from Day 5 to Day 15 of the menstrual cycle for hirsutism which had been unsuccessfully treated previously and for which no organic cause had been found. The mean plasma testosterone level in the males after 6 to 17 months of treatment was 267 plus or minus 125 ng/100 ml (plus or minus S.D.) with a range of 99 to 518. This represents a reduction of only 65% from normal controls. Plasma androstenedione levels showed a mean of 125 plus or minus 93 ng/100 ml (plus or minus S.D.) with a range of 52 to 162 which is within normal range. The same dose of cyproterone acetate given to the 2 females for 10 days of the menstrual cycle caused a reduction in urinary total estrogen and pregnanediol to levels inconsistent with ovulation. With the addition of . 05 mg ethinylestradiol from Day 5 to Day 26 as in the "Reverse Sequential Regime" ovulation appeared to be inhibited in all the 10 cycles studied. There were regular withdrawal bleedings. When the estrogen was continued alone ovulation returned in both women and after cessation of all steroid treatment their normal pattern of hormone excretion continued. Details of test techniques are given. In the males residual plasma testosterone levels were 35% of mean pretreatment levels and the antiandrogenic action on the target organs was so complete as to result in absence of an ejaculate after 6 weeks. There was also great improvement in the female hirsutism after 6 to 9 months.
An Evaluation of Performance Thresholds in Nursing Home Pay-for-Performance.

OBJECTIVE Performance thresholds are commonly used in pay-for-performance (P4P) incentives, where providers receive a bonus payment for achieving a prespecified target threshold but may produce discontinuous incentives, with providers just below the threshold having the strongest incentive to improve and providers either far below or above the threshold having little incentive. We investigate the effect of performance thresholds on provider response in the setting of nursing home P4P. DATA SOURCES The Minimum Data Set (MDS) and Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting (OSCAR) datasets. STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN Difference-in-differences design to test for changes in nursing home performance in three states that implemented threshold-based P4P (Colorado, Georgia, and Oklahoma) versus three comparator states (Arizona, Tennessee, and Arkansas) between 2006 and 2009. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We find that those farthest below the threshold (i.e., the worst-performing nursing homes) had the largest improvements under threshold-based P4P while those farthest above the threshold worsened. This effect did not vary with the percentage of Medicaid residents in a nursing home. CONCLUSIONS Threshold-based P4P may provide perverse incentives for nursing homes above the performance threshold, but we do not find evidence to support concerns about the effects of performance thresholds on low-performing nursing homes.
Cross-talk between glial cells and neurons: Relationship in Multiple Sclerosis.

Laboratorio Desarrollo-Envejecimiento; Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas. Division de Neurociencias. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente (CIBO). Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jal. Mexico Departamento de Biologia molecular y genomica. Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS). Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jal. Mexico Departamento de Quimica. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierias. Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jal. Mexico Departamento de Neurologia. Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE). Hospital de Especialidades (HE). Centro Medico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), IMSS, Guadalajara, Jal. Mexico. Departamento de Investigacion, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara.
Disrupted Routines: Team Learning and New Technology Implementation in Hospitals

This paper reports on a qualitative field study of 16 hospitals implementing an innovative technology for cardiac surgery. We examine how new routines are developed in organizations in which existing routines are reinforced by the technological and organizational context All hospitals studied had top-tier cardiac surgery departments with excellent reputations and patient outcomes yet exhibited striking differences in the extent to which they were able to implement a new technology that required substantial changes in the operating-room-team work routine. Successful implementers underwent a qualitatively different team learning process than those who were unsuccessful. Analysis of qualitative data suggests that implementation involved four process steps: enrollment, preparation, trials, and reflection. Successful implementers used enrollment to motivate the team, designed preparatory practice sessions and early trials to create psychological safety and encourage new behaviors, and promoted shared meaning and process improvement through reflective practices. By illuminating the collective learning process among those directly responsible for technology implementation, we contribute to organizational research on routines and technology adoption.
An Efficient and Secure Protocol for Querying High-Dimensional Data in the Cloud Technical Report

Data-as-a-service (DaaS) is a cloud computing service that emerged as a viable option to businesses and individuals for outsourcing and sharing their collected data with other parties. Although the cloud computing paradigm provides great flexibility to consumers with respect to computation and storage capabilities, it imposes serious concerns about the confidentiality of the outsourced data as well as the privacy of the individuals referenced in the data. In this paper we formulate and address the problem of querying encrypted data in a cloud environment such that query processing is confidential and the result is differentially private. We propose a framework where the data provider uploads an encrypted index of her anonymized data to a DaaS service provider that is responsible for answering range count queries from authorized data miners for the purpose of data mining. To satisfy the confidentiality requirement, we leverage attribute based encryption to construct a secure kd-tree index over the differentially private data for fast access. We also utilize the exponential variant of the ElGamal cryptosystem to efficiently perform homomorphic operations on encrypted data. Experiments on real-life data demonstrate that our proposed framework can efficiently answer range queries and is scalable with increasing data size.
Monte Carlo approach to tissue-cell populations.

We describe a stochastic dynamics of tissue cells with special emphasis on epithelial cells and fibro- blasts and fibrocytes of the connective tissue. Pattern formation and growth characteristics of such cell populations in culture are investigated numerically by Monte Carlo simulations for quasi-two-dimensional systems of cells. A number of quantitative predictions are obtained which may be confronted with experimental results. Furthermore we introduce several biologically motivated variants of our basic model and briefly discuss the simulation of two dimensional analogs of two complex processes in tissues: the growth of a sarcoma across an epithelial boundary and the wound healing of a skin cut. As compared to other approaches, we find the Monte Carlo approach to tissue growth and structure to be particularly simple and flexible. It allows for a hierarchy of models reaching from global description of birth-death processes to very specific features of intracellular dynamics. (c) 1995 The American Physical Society
On occupational allergic asthma of different kinds newly found in our allergy clinic.

The following four kinds of occupational allergic asthma newly found by the author and his associates are reported here1) Inhalative asthma caused by mulberry lumber among the lumber processors, 2) Inhalative asthma caused by the spores of lycopodium clavatum (“sekishoshi”) among dental technicians, 3) Buckwheat allergose among the cooks of a buckwheat-noodle service shop, and 4) Pancreatin allergose among the pharmaceutists. Including the cases introduced by the author, new sorts of occupational asthma have been yearly discovered as the fruits of untiring researches by the members of the Research Group on Occupational Allergy in Japan.Nevertheless, various kinds of working circumstances exist in our surroundings, and occupational allergy of many kinds may still be unknown. Now the problem of occupational allergy comes into the limelight, likewise the question of public injury. We stand in need of looking at our surroundings again from this point of view.In closing, the author would like to express his gr.
Time‐dependent effects of insulin on Schwann cell proliferation in the in vitro regenerating adult frog sciatic nerve

The present study showed that insulin (0.01 μg/ml, ≈︂ 2 nM) inhibited [3H]‐thymidine incorporation in support cells, most likely Schwann cells, of the cultured frog sciatic nerve. A 25–35% inhibition took place in regenerating nerve preparations as well as in preparations devoid of neuronal protein synthesis, i.e., in isolated 5 mm nerve segments and in gangliectomized nerves, suggesting that the effect was direct and not mediated via the neuronal cells. The inhibition by insulin was time‐dependent in that an effect was seen after 4 days but not at shorter or at longer periods of culturing. In separate experiments biotinylated insulin was shown to be taken up by Schwann cells in the regenerating nerve. Addition of serum increased the [3H]‐thymidine incorporation severalfold and abolished the inhibitory action of insulin. Our results suggest that insulin, at a certain stage of the regeneration programme, exerts a direct, inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the Schwann cells in the cultured frog sciatic nerve. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recovery grows up

Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UKIntroductionRecovery has come of age. The recoveryapproach has gained traction in mental health policythroughout the English-speaking world, and – at least rhetorically – within mental healthsystems internationally (Slade et al., 2008). But with age comes responsibility. An idea caninitiate change, but that change must work in practice if it is to be sustained.This special issue on recovery marks a shift from ideology to empirical investigation. Thestudies report dataaddressingimportant questions.Webeginbyidentifying someideologicalstatements made by recovery proponents, and reviewing recent evidence relating to thesebeliefs. We then consider some of the scientific challenges in investigating recovery. “Recovery is a process, not just an outcome”A valid understanding of recovery must be grounded in lived experience. Todd and col-leagues (2012) explore the meaning of recovery for people with bipolar disorder, adding togrowingevidence basedonself-managementinthisgroup(Jones etal.,2011). Theirfindingsmake clear that the key dimensions of personal recovery differ from traditional clinicalpreoccupations.To clarify what personal recovery means, a systematic review was undertaken to collateand synthesise published frameworks and models of recovery (Leamy et al., 2011). A totalof 97 papers from 13 different countries which offered new conceptualisations of recoverywere identified. The types of papers included qualitative studies, narrative literaturereviews, book chapters, consultation documents reporting the use of consensus methods,opinion pieces, editorials, quantitative studies, as well as papers which combined differentmethods.Empirical studies recruited participants from a range of settings including commu-nity mental health teams and facilities, self-help groups, consumer-operated mental healthservices and supported housing facilities. The majority of studies used inclusion criteriathat covered any diagnosis of severe mental illness.A modified narrative synthesis of these papers showed that recovery can be thought of (a)as a journey which varies from one person to another, (b) as inter-linking sets of processes,
Anatomic and physiological correlates in bullfrog vestibular nerve.

1. The correlations between anatomic and physiological characteristics of primary afferent neurons innervating the anterior semicircular canal in the bullfrog were investigated. These characteristics were examined separately in large groups of neurons, and the direct correlations between them were established in a subset of neurons by means of intraaxonal recording and labeling. 2. Anatomic features of the anterior canalicular nerve that were related with fiber diameter were studied. This nerve was composed of an average of 1,142 fibers (standard deviation of 171 in 5 samples), of which 42% were less than 2 microns in diameter and 8% were greater than 7 microns. The nerve branched into 6 clearly defined bundles, whose fiber diameter-dependent composition could be determined in 5 samples. In the 2 center bundles, 32% of the fibers had diameters greater than 7 microns. In contrast, these thick fibers comprised only 4% of the fiber population in the 2 lateralmost bundles, in which 44% of the fibers had diameters less than 2 microns. The projections of labeled afferent fibers were traced into the neuroepithelium, and it was demonstrated that all thick fibers, even those of the lateral bundles, turned toward more central regions of the crista. Consequently, in the bullfrog, there is a clear predominance of thick afferent fibers innervating the anterior crista's central region and thin fibers in the peripheral region. 3. The dendritic morphology of the broad classes of afferent fibers (i.e., thick and thin) was elucidated. Individually labeled thick afferents possessed dendrites forming short, thick, clawlike extensions to contact a few hair cells. The thinnest afferents were labeled through extracellular horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injections. In contrast to the thick fibers, thin afferents were characterized by an unbranched trajectory with serially located bouton-like structures that were apposed to successive hair cells. 4. The characteristics of spontaneous firing and the responses to rotational stimuli were determined for 138 anterior canalicular neurons. Spontaneous firing rates ranged from 0 to 95 spikes.s-1. The coefficient of variation (CV) of spontaneous firing ranged from 0.12 to 2.5. Response gains to high- (0.5 and 0.4 Hz) and medium- (0.05 Hz) frequency sinusoidal acceleration stimuli were positively correlated with CV (P less than 0.001) for neurons with a CV value less than or equal to 0.5. The gain of neurons characterized by more irregular spontaneous firing (CV values greater than 0.5) was uncorrelated with CV. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Dynamic Compartmentalization of Base Excision Repair Proteins in Response to Nuclear and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

ABSTRACT DNAs harbored in both nuclei and mitochondria of eukaryotic cells are subject to continuous oxidative damage resulting from normal metabolic activities or environmental insults. Oxidative DNA damage is primarily reversed by the base excision repair (BER) pathway, initiated by N-glycosylase apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase proteins. To execute an appropriate repair response, BER components must be distributed to accommodate levels of genotoxic stress that may vary considerably between nuclei and mitochondria, depending on the growth state and stress environment of the cell. Numerous examples exist where cells respond to signals, resulting in relocalization of proteins involved in key biological transactions. To address whether such dynamic localization contributes to efficient organelle-specific DNA repair, we determined the intracellular localization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae N-glycosylase/AP lyases, Ntg1 and Ntg2, in response to nuclear and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that Ntg1 is differentially localized to nuclei and mitochondria, likely in response to the oxidative DNA damage status of the organelle. Sumoylation is associated with targeting of Ntg1 to nuclei containing oxidative DNA damage. These studies demonstrate that trafficking of DNA repair proteins to organelles containing high levels of oxidative DNA damage may be a central point for regulating BER in response to oxidative stress.
Clinical nurses' research capacity in a Norwegian university hospital: part 2.

AIM To examine clinical nurses' research capacity and investigate related factors (i.e. the different phases of the research process). BACKGROUND Research capacity includes research-related activities, being informed and applying research. METHODS A descriptive-correlational design was used and data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire (59-items). A total of 364 registered nurses from a University Hospital participated. The response rate was 61%. A majority reported that their research capacity was acceptable or weak (77.7%), while 7.6% who were involved in research rated it good or excellent; 19.6% evaluated their level of research competence as fairly good and 4.1% wanted to increase their research involvement. RESULTS The result demonstrated high statistical correlation, indicating that nurses are aware of the areas involved in research-related activities. Areas of perceived low competence were associated with reliability, sensitivity and specificity, control of confounding variables, sources of funding and computerised statistical packages. Areas of capacity reported were access to literature, data collection, such as interviews and field notes, as well as research ethics. CONCLUSION Enhanced research supervision is central for improving registered nurses' research capacity. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The findings from this survey should be useful for professional development.
Darier's Disease Complicated by Schizophrenia Caused by a Novel ATP2A2 Mutation.

© 2016 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2422 Journal Compilation © 2016 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555 Darier’s disease (DD, OMIM#124200) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by multiple darkbrown keratotic plaques and warty papules covered by thick crusts. Most cases of DD are caused by mutations in ATP2A2, which is expressed both in the skin and the brain (1). ATP2A2 encodes the cardiac muscle SERCA2a protein (997 amino acids) and the ubiquitously expressed SERCA2b (1042 amino acids), but no cardiac manifestations have been observed in patients with DD (2). DD sometimes shows neuropsychiatric manifestations, including schizophrenia (3). In a recent Swedish cohort study, 6 of 770 patients with DD (0.8%) were found to have schizophrenia (4). It was determined that individuals with DD had a 2.3 times higher risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia than matched individuals from the general population, although the genotypes of ATP2A2 in the patients were not mentioned (4). Thus far, no genotype/phenotype correlations between ATP2A2 mutations and schizophrenia have been demonstrated. In this report, we describe a novel mutation in ATP2A2, p.Cys318Tyr, in a Japanese male with DD complicated by schizophrenia. CASE REPORT
Changes of the hemostatic network in critically ill patients‐Is there a difference between sepsis, trauma, and neurosurgery patients?

Objective: To study the time course of coagulation data in intensive care patients. Design: Prospective, descriptive study. Setting: Clinical investigation on a surgical and neurosurgical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients: Fifteen patients with severe trauma (injury severity score, 15 to 25), 15 sepsis patients secondary to major surgery, and 15 neurosurgery patients (cancer surgery) were studied. Interventions: Standardized intensive care therapy. Measurements and Main Results: Standard coagulation data and molecular markers of coagulation activation and fibrinolytic activity (soluble thrombomodulin, protein C, free protein S, thrombin/antithrombin III complex, plasmin‐α 2‐antiplasmin complex, tissue plasminogen activator, platelet factor 4, beta‐thromboglobulin were measured from arterial blood samples on the day of admission to the intensive care unit (trauma/neurosurgery patients) or on the day of diagnosis of sepsis (baseline value) and serially during the next 5 days. Antithrombin III, fibrinogen, and platelet counts were highest in neurosurgery patients but without significant differences between sepsis and trauma patients. Thrombin/antithrombin III complex increased in the sepsis patients (from 22.6 ± 4.2 μg/L to 39.9 ± 6.8 μg/L), but decreased in trauma (from 40.2 ± 5.1 μg/L to 17.6 ± 4.0 μg/L) and neurosurgery patients (from 28.2 ± 4.2 μg/L to 16.2 ± 3.8 μg/L). Tissue plasminogen activator increased in the sepsis patients (from 14.4 ± 3.9 μg/L to 20.7 ± 3.8 μg/mL) and remained almost unchanged in the other two groups. Soluble thrombomodulin plasma concentration increased significantly in the sepsis group (max, 131.8 ± 22.5 ng/mL), while it remained elevated in the trauma (max, 75.5 ± 5.9 ng/mL) and was almost normal in the neurosurgery patients. Protein C and free protein S remained decreased only in the sepsis group. Conclusions: Alterations of the hemostatic network were seen in all three groups of critically ill patients. Hemostasis normalized in the neurosurgery patients and posttraumatic hypercoagulability recovered within the study period. By contrast, monitoring of molecular markers of the coagulation process demonstrated abnormal hemostasis in the sepsis patients during the entire study period indicating ongoing coagulation disorders and abnormalities in fibrinolysis in these patients.