Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Biotechnological Potential of Secondary Metabolites from Marine Bacteria

Marine habitats are a rich source of molecules of biological interest. In particular, marine bacteria attract attention with their ability to synthesize structurally diverse classes of bioactive secondary metabolites with high biotechnological potential. The last decades were marked by numerous discoveries of biomolecules of bacterial symbionts, which have long been considered metabolites of marine animals. Many compounds isolated from marine bacteria are unique in their structure and biological activity. Their study has made a significant contribution to the discovery and production of new natural antimicrobial agents. Identifying the mechanisms and potential of this type of metabolite production in marine bacteria has become one of the noteworthy trends in modern biotechnology. This path has become not only one of the most promising approaches to the development of new antibiotics, but also a potential target for controlling the viability of pathogenic bacteria.
Individualized Pharmacological Treatment of Depressive Disorders State of the Art and Recent Developments

During the past decade a variety of promising new compounds were launched onto the market. These are influencing serotonergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission, and interact with melatonergic and serotonergic receptor systems. The main advantages of all newer drugs are a broadening of the spectrum of available treatments, better safety and tolerability profiles in comparison to older compounds and the focus on specific symptoms of depression including insomnia and cognitive disturbances. Still unresolved issues are the relatively high non-response rate during the first weeks of antidepressant treatments, a latency of sometimes several weeks until clinical improvement and remission can be achieved, and a variety of possible side effects also present during treatment with modern compounds. The pharmacological treatment of depression of medium to high severity is mandatory. In case of severe depression dually acting antidepressants may be of advantage. Besides the severity of the disease subtypes of depression, specific symptoms as well as age and comorbidity of the patients may play a role influencing the treatment outcome. The treatment providing the highest response probability, the best safety and tolerability and the best effects on the individual symptoms of depression should be preferred in individualized treatment plans. This narrative review summarizes the actual knowledge of the comparative efficacy and individual effectiveness together with safety and tolerability profiles of all to date approved antidepressant classes according to their pharmacodynamic principles of action. A detailed description of the latest approvals of antidepressants is included. The study of new treatment options is of major importance to provide better strategies for the clinical management of depression in the future, and is thus also of great socio-economic importance.
Layered‐Double‐Hydroxide Nanosheets as Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalysts for Dinitrogen Fixation

Semiconductor photocatalysis attracts widespread interest in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation. N2 reduction to NH3 is essential to the chemical industry and to the Earth's nitrogen cycle. Industrially, NH3 is synthesized by the Haber–Bosch process under extreme conditions (400–500 °C, 200–250 bar), stimulating research into the development of sustainable technologies for NH3 production. Herein, this study demonstrates that ultrathin layered‐double‐hydroxide (LDH) photocatalysts, in particular CuCr‐LDH nanosheets, possess remarkable photocatalytic activity for the photoreduction of N2 to NH3 in water at 25 °C under visible‐light irradiation. The excellent activity can be attributed to the severely distorted structure and compressive strain in the LDH nanosheets, which significantly enhances N2 chemisorption and thereby promotes NH3 formation.
APOE Polymorphism in a Rural Older Population-Based Sample in India

Allele frequencies are most often reported from small convenience samples of unknown demographics and limited generalizability. We determined the distribution of apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) and allele frequencies for a large, well-defined, representative, rural, population-based sample (n = 4450) aged 55–95 years in Ballabgarh, in the northern Indian state of Haryana. The overall APOE E*2, E*3, and E*4 allele frequencies were 0.039, 0.887, and 0.073, respectively; frequencies are also reported by age, sex, and religious/caste groups. The APOE*4 frequency is among the lowest reported anywhere in the world. APOE allele frequencies did not vary significantly by age or sex in this study. To our knowledge, this is the largest Indian sample ever genotyped for the APOE polymorphism. The representativeness of the sample and its known demographics provide a much-needed normative background for studies of gene-disease associations.
The organization of a cephalopod ganglion.

The stellate ganglion of cephalopods is sharply divided into a ventral part containing only large cells and a dorsal part where there are also microneurons (amacrine cells). Axons proceed from the larger cells of the ganglion to the stellar nerves in distinct dorsal and ventral roots, which join as they leave the ganglion. The ventral roots contain only large motor fibres, one arising from each of the 30 000 ventral cells. The input to this part is from less than 2000 large fibres of the pallial nerve. These fibres branch abundantly in the ventral neuropil. After severing the pallial nerve massive degeneration occurs there, producing shrinkage of the whole ganglion. There is also degeneration in the dorsal neuropil, which therefore also has input from the pallial nerve. The dorsal roots contain some large fibres, being the axons of the larger dorsal cells. In addition, they contain numerous small fibres. These include efferent chromatophore fibres, which degenerate after severing the pallial nerve and therefore pass through the ganglion presumably without synapse. There are also afferent fibres from the periphery in the dorsal roots and, after severing stellar nerves, degeneration appears in the outer layers of the dorsal neuropil and in the pallial nerve. No degeneration occurs in the central stumps of the ventral roots after this operation. The trunks of the small cells of the dorsal part form characteristic bundles of fine fibres in the outer dorsal neuropil and dorsal roots. These bundles carry varicosities and make plexuses in the bases of the dorsal roots, intertwined with collaterals of the outgoing large fibres and branches of the incoming afferents from the periphery. Probably these microneurons terminate within the ganglion and are concerned with reflex modulation of the output of the dorsal neuropil. The arrangement of the dorsal and ventral divisions of the ganglion and roots of the stellar nerves is similar in Sepia and Loligo to that in Octopus. There are more numerous large terminal knobs in the neuropils of these decapods and these endings are also found within the cell layers, especially in the hind part of the dorsal region. The course of degeneration within the ganglion was followed after section of the pallial and stellar nerves in all three species, more in detail in Octopus. Degeneration of terminations is already advanced 15 h after severing the pallial nerve (at about 24 $^\circ$ C); break-up within the nerve trunks comes later. Degeneration granules have mostly disappeared 3 days after the lesion. Severed stellar nerves of Octopus show very abundant sprouting from the central stump, the fibres turning back to invade the ganglion and form terminal knobs in the neuropil and throughout the cell layers.
A 550-$\mu\hbox{W}$  10-b 40-MS/s SAR ADC With Multistep Addition-Only Digital Error Correction

A speed-enhanced 10-b asynchronous SAR ADC with multistep addition-only digital error correction (ADEC) is presented with a straightforward DAC switching algorithm. The capacitor DAC is virtually divided into three sub-DACs for ADEC with negligible hardware overhead. The redundant decision cycles between stages reconfigure the capacitor connection of the DAC. These redundancies guarantee 10-b linearity under 4-b-accurate DAC settling in the MSB decision and the optimally designed ADC enhances the conversion speed by 37%. A prototype ADC was implemented in a CMOS 0.13-μm technology. The chip consumes 550 μW and achieves a 50.6-dB SNDR at 40 MS/s under a 1.2-V supply. The figure-of-merit (FOM) is 50 fJ/conversion-step.
The cryptic origins of evolutionary novelty: 1,000-fold-faster trophic diversification rates without increased ecological opportunity or hybrid swarm

Ecological opportunity is frequently proposed as the sole ingredient for adaptive radiation into novel niches. Alternatively, genome-wide hybridization resulting from ‘hybrid swarm’ may be the trigger. However, these hypotheses have been difficult to test due to the rarity of comparable control environments lacking adaptive radiations. Here I exploit such a pattern in microendemic radiations of Caribbean pupfishes. I show that a sympatric three-species radiation on San Salvador Island, Bahamas diversified 1,445 times faster than neighboring islands in jaw length due to evolution of a novel scale-eating adaptive zone from a generalist ancestral niche. I then sampled 22 generalist populations on seven neighboring islands and measured morphological diversity, stomach content diversity, dietary isotopic diversity, genetic diversity, lake/island areas, macroalgae richness, and Caribbean-wide patterns of gene flow. None of these standard metrics of ecological opportunity or gene flow were associated with adaptive radiation, except for slight increases in macroalgae richness. Thus, exceptional trophic diversification is highly localized despite myriad generalist populations in comparable environmental and genetic backgrounds. This study provides a strong counterexample to the ecological/hybrid-swarm theories of adaptive radiation and suggests that diversification of novel specialists on a sparse fitness landscape is constrained by more than ecological opportunity and gene flow.
Mapping status and conservation of global at‐risk marine biodiversity

To conserve marine biodiversity, we must first understand the spatial distribution and status of at‐risk biodiversity. We combined range maps and conservation status for 5,291 marine species to map the global distribution of extinction risk of marine biodiversity. We find that for 83% of the ocean, >25% of assessed species are considered threatened, and 15% of the ocean shows >50% of assessed species threatened when weighting for range‐limited species. By comparing mean extinction risk of marine biodiversity to no‐take marine reserve placement, we identify regions where reserves preferentially afford proactive protection (i.e., preserving low‐risk areas) or reactive protection (i.e., mitigating high‐risk areas), indicating opportunities and needs for effective future protection at national and regional scales. In addition, elevated risk to high seas biodiversity highlights the need for credible protection and minimization of threatening activities in international waters.
Organizational models for Semantic Services Coordination

Service-Oriented Computing and agent technology are nowadays two of the most active research areas in distributed and open systems. Given the growing interest in bridging the two worlds, in this paper we describe a novel approach for service description, discovery and composition in multiagent systems, based on organizational models. An extension to service matching techniques will be presented, as well as a role-based filter mechanism for service composition.
METROPOL KENT MERKEZLERİNDE ÇÖKÜNTÜLEŞME EĞİLİMLERİ: İSTANBUL EMİNÖNÜ-SÜLEYMANİYE BÖLGESİ ÖRNEĞİ

Sanayilesme sonrasi donemde yasanan buyuk donusumlerin sonucunda metropollerin ic kent alanlari kent planlamasi ve barindirdiklari agir sorunlar nedeniyle onemli bir tartisma konusu haline gelmistir. Ozellikle tarihi kent merkezi alanlarinda fiziksel-cevresel olumsuzluklar yaninda istihdam ve demografik yapidaki hizli degismelere tanik olunmustur. Goc, yoksulluk, issizlik, suc gibi sorunlarla birlikte anilan ayrismis kent parcalari olarak cokuntu alanlari olgusu yayginlasmistir. Bu calismada IstanbulEminonu ornegi uzerinden tarihi kent merkezleri ve cokuntu alanlari konusu sosyo-mekansal iliskisellik baglaminda ele alinmistir
Exploring the Role of Visual Analytics in the Design and Management of Multidisciplinary Translational Teams

Numerous institutions conducting translational research have assembled teams to enable the two-way translation of scientific discoveries between bench, clinical, and community-based research. However, the design and management of such teams can be a challenge given the wide range of goals and disciplines involved, often resulting in an explosion of textual information. Here we explore the role of bipartite visual analytics to enable the comprehension of multiple team variables in a single representation. A bipartite network analysis of 11 multidisciplinary translational teams consisting of 119 members from 26 different affiliations revealed patterns related to team overlap, homogeneity, and size. Besides helping to comprehend the topology of the teams, the results led to hypotheses about inter-and intra-team dynamics, which could lead to more effective approaches for designing and managing translational teams
Accelerated phosphatidylcholine turnover in macrophages promotes adipose tissue inflammation in obesity

White adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation contributes to the development of insulin resistance in obesity. While the role of adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) pro-inflammatory signalling in the development of insulin resistance has been established, it is less clear how WAT inflammation is initiated. Here, we show that ATMs from obese mice and humans exhibit markers of increased de novo phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis rate. Macrophage-specific knockout of phosphocholine-cytidylyltransferase A (CCTα), the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo PC biosynthesis pathway, alleviated obesity-induced WAT inflammation and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, CCTα-deficient macrophages showed reduced ER stress and inflammation in response to palmitate. Surprisingly, this was not due to lower exogenous palmitate incorporation into cellular PCs. Instead, CCTα-null macrophages had lower PC turnover, leading to elevated membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids that negated the pro-inflammatory effects of palmitate. Our results reveal a link between obesity-associated increase in PC synthesis, accelerated PC turnover and pro-inflammatory activation of ATMs.
Photonic Crystal Fiber in Photonic Crystal Fiber for Residual Dispersion Compensation Over ${\rm E} + {\rm S} + {\rm C} + {\rm L} + {\rm U}$ Wavelength Bands

A photonic crystal fiber in photonic crystal fiber (PCF-in-PCF) architecture is numerically investigated for residual dispersion compensation in optical transmission link. The optimized structure shows a flattened and high average dispersion of -457.4 ps/nm/km in the wavelength range of 1360 nm to 1690 nm. The sensitivity of the fiber dispersion properties to a ±2% variation in the optimum parameters is studied for practical conditions. Additionally, the effect of variation in the structure parameters on effective mode area is simulated to understand its relationship to light confinement.
Adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

This article reports levels, trends, and age patterns of adult mortality in 23 sub-Saharan Africa countries, based on the sibling histories and orphanhood data collected by the countries’ Demographic and Health Surveys. Adult mortality has risen sharply since HIV became prevalent, but the size and speed of the mortality increase varies greatly among countries. Excess mortality is concentrated among women aged 25–39 and among men aged 30–44. These data suggest that the increase in the number of men who die each year has exceeded somewhat the increase for women. It is time for a systematic attempt to reconcile the demographic and epidemiological evidence concerning AIDS in Africa.
PGC‐1α gene transfer improves muscle function in dystrophic muscle following prolonged disease progress

What is the central question of this study? Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α) gene transfer as a treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy is efficacious even with advanced disease. What is the main finding and its importance? PGC‐1α pathway activation strategies may be most effective when initiated at the earliest possible time.
Taming the bull: safety in a precise surgical robot

The authors have developed an image directed robotic system for orthopaedic bone machining applications, aimed initially at cementless total hip replacement surgery. A clinical trial in dogs needing such surgery has begun. The fact that the application requires a robot to move a tool in contact with a patient has motivated the authors to implement a number of redundant consistency checking mechanisms. The paper provides a brief system overview and outlines the requirements defined by the veterinary surgeon who uses the system. It then describes the authors' approach to implementing these requirements and concludes with a few remarks about their experience so far and possible extensions of their work. <<ETX>>
Comparison of Premorbid and Postinjury MMPI-2 Profiles in Late Postconcussion Claimants

A comparison of premorbid and postinjury MMPI-2 profiles was performed in 23 patients with mild cranial/cervical injuries. All claimants attributed major personality change to their injuries during the course of compensation-related neuropsychological examinations. Their premorbid MMPI-2 profiles were all abnormal and the modal code-type indicated somatoform psychopathology. The post-accident MMPI profiles showed continuous somatization trends, but they unexpectedly showed (a) increased defensiveness and (b) a general decrease in global psychopathology. The findings did not support an eggshell plaintiff theory of chronic postconcussive complaints. The view that chronic postconcussive complaints require a wider focus on non-neuropsychological factors is enhanced.
An Efficient Storage and Query Scheme based on Block Chain for Agricultural Products Tracking

As agricultural products safety has a significant impact on peoples lives, it is of great significance to establish and improve the safety regulation system. Meanwhile, the rapid development of blockchain technology provides a new regulation method for the agricultural products safety issue. However, the exist blockchain query methods can not be apply to agricultural IoT directly. Besides, block generation speed of the exist methods are difficult to improve when memorizing massive IoT data. To solve the above problem, firstly, a blockchain query scheme based on hash database is proposed. The database stores the mapping among IoT data, transaction hash and block hash. Then, we put forward the anomalous data detection method based on voice prediction model. The memory depth and normal range of various products is set by domain expert to detecting abnormal data. To this end, we improve the ethereum workshop block generation mechanism and presented an adaptive adjustment strategy for mining difficulty based on data variation. The experi-mental results show that the proposed approach can outperforms the existing methods.
School Nurses’ Familiarity and Perceptions of Academic Accommodations for Student-Athletes Following Sport-Related Concussion

The purpose of this study was to evaluate school nurses’ familiarity and perceptions regarding academic accommodations for student-athletes following sport-related concussion. School nurses (N = 1,246) accessed the survey School Nurses’ Beliefs, Attitudes and Knowledge of Pediatric Athletes with Concussions (BAKPAC-SN). The BAKPAC-SN contained several questions pertaining to concussion management and academic accommodations. There were significant differences regarding personal experience as well as familiarity of academic accommodations (p < .001) between school nurses who work at a school that employs an athletic trainer and school nurses who work at a school that does not employ an athletic trainer. There were significant weak positive relationships between years of experience and familiarity with academic accommodations (r = .210, p < .001), 504 plans (r = .243, p < .001), and individualized education plans (r = .205, p < .001). School nurses employed at a single school were significantly more familiar with academic accommodations (p = .027) and 504 plans (p = .001) than school nurses employed at multiple schools. Health care professionals should collaborate to effectively manage a concussed patient and should consider academic accommodations to ensure whole-person health care.
On the printed reflectarray with polarized transformation

The printed reflectarray acting as a planar discrete reflector is attractive for antenna engineers, due to its advantages in simple construction with printed fabrication, and flexible design with beam orientation. However, it has also some shortcomings, such as narrower frequency bandwidth and lower efficiency than the parabolic antenna. The article emphasizes another reflectarray advantage in polarization transformation with some prototype samples, including linear polarization (LP) to either orthogonal linear polarization (x-LP), or right-/left- hand circular polarization (RHCP/LHCP) and vice versa. In addition, a technique for broadening the reflectarray bandwidth is developed. Why does the polarization need to be transformed from one to another? The orthogonal LP-x-LP transformation between the illuminated wave from the feed and the wave reflected by the array is helpful for avoiding (or at least reducing) the blockage effect due to the feed structure. The LP-CP transformation may be used to replace the /spl lambda//4-depth polarized grating on the reflector or the /spl lambda//2-depth one on the feed. The research progress on the LP-x-LP and LP-CP transformations is discussed.
Cilia in vertebrate development and disease

Through the combined study of model organisms, cell biology, cell signaling and medical genetics we have significantly increased our understanding of the structure and functions of the vertebrate cilium. This ancient organelle has now emerged as a crucial component of certain signaling and sensory perception pathways in both developmental and homeostatic contexts. Here, we provide a snapshot of the structure, function and distribution of the vertebrate cilium and of the pathologies that are associated with its dysfunction.
Mining subsidence monitoring using ALOS satellite data

InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) and D-InSAR technique is a more speedy deveolpping microwave remote sensing technique in recent years. The key problem that makes use of an InSAR data to carry on monitoring surface is: the biggest deformation monitor gradient of object is bigger than the biggest deformation gradient that InSAR can monitor, result in a serious decoherence phenomemon, the ALOS satellite L band data has a longer wavelength, its monitoring gradient also is more large, has an advantage in the mining area. This paper takes BinChang mine area in Shaanxi as a study region and interferes with data of the ALOS image, then get interference figure, deformation distribute figure, on this foundation, adopted the related question of accident monitor to carry on vs the mine area earth's surface concerning the theory and the technique study.