Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The future of drug eluting stents

In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the major drawback of percutaneous coronary interventions, occurring in 10–40% of patients. Drug eluting stents (DES) are successful in a large majority of patients in preventing restenosis for the first year after implantation. Recently, new stents have emerged that are loaded with anti-inflammatory, antimigratory, antiproliferative, or pro-healing drugs. These drugs are supposed to inhibit inflammation and neointimal growth and subsequently ISR. The future of DES lies in the development of better stents with new stent designs, better polymers including biological polymers and biological biodissolvable stent coatings, and new, better drugs.
Letter to the Editor

Dear Prof. Trumble, In the issue of Journal of Economic Entomology (Advance Access published April 28, 2016), there were a number of errors in the article published by Mardani-Talaee et al. (2016) “Effects of Chemical, Organic and Bio-Fertilizers on Some Secondary Metabolites in the Leaves of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Their Impact on Life Table Parameters of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)”.
What's it Worth? An Examination of Historical Trends and Future Directions in Environmental Valuation

The present paper reviews activity in environmental valuation by examining trends in publication rates over the past three decades. It also provides an overview of the demand for environmental valuation by academic markets and by policy markets. The results of this historical analysis suggest that there is not as much use of environmental valuation in policy analysis as could be expected given the academic efforts on this topic. The paper also provides an overview of the future directions that environmental valuation research is likely to take given current research efforts.
Cancer Therapy : Clinical APhase IDose-FindingStudyof theNovel Toll-likeReceptor 8 Agonist VTX-2337 in Adult Subjects with Advanced Solid Tumors or Lymphoma

Purpose: This phase I, open-label, uncontrolled, ascending-dose study explored the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology of the TLR8 agonist VTX-2337 in subjects with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma. Experimental Design: VTX-2337 doses (0.1–3.9mg/m) were administered subcutaneously on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Safety/tolerability assessments included adverse events (AE); physical, ophthalmologic, and laboratory evaluations; and electrocardiograms. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were evaluated during the first cycle. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated after the first dose. Plasma samples were quantitatively assessed for chemokines, cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Antitumor activity was assessed. Results: Thirty-three subjects were enrolled in 8 cohorts and received an average of 2 treatment cycles (range, 1–8 cycles). Most AEs were grades 1 to 2; the most common drug-related AEs were injection site reactions, chills, pyrexia, and influenza-like illness. One DLT was reported: grade 3 hypotension (3.9 mg/m). The MTD was considered the highest dose administered. Peak drug plasma levels and total systemic exposure were generally dose proportional. At doses 0.4 mg/m, increases above baseline levels were observed for plasma levels of G-CSF,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1b, and TNFa. Eight subjects (24.2%) had a best response of stable disease (median duration, 54.5
High voltage thin layer devices (RESURF devices)

The application of a somewhat unusual diode structure opens the possibility to make novel kinds of high voltage devices even with very thin epitaxial or implanted layers. In the new structures crucial changes in the electric field distribution take place at or at least near the surface. The acronym RESURF (REduced SURface Field) was chosen.
The innervation and structure of the conductive system of the human heart

The gross and microscopic structure and the innervation of the conducting systems of the heart have recently occupied tlie attention of numerous investigators. Glomsett arid Glomsett ('40) have questioned the existence of such a system in the human and dog heart. Walls ( '45, '47) has dissected the atrio-ventricular node and bundle in a series of human hearts and has studied the development of the sinu-auricular and atrio-ventricular nodes and atrio-ventricular bundle in the human foetus, with results that indicated a strong innervation to the conduction systems of tlie human fetus. A preliminary report of studies by Icaylor and Robb ('47) on the other hand, has denied the presence of any nerve fibers in tlie nodal areas in a fetus of 44 months, although the conduction system was quite distinct and nerve fibers were found supplying the cardiac vessels and structures above the coronary sulcus. Abramson and Margolin ( '36) have reaffirmed the subendocardial rentricular Purkinje fiber network and described an extension of the system into the substance of the walls of the ventricles, the Purkinje fibers often running at right angles to the cardiac fibers. Truex and Copenhaver ( '47) have confirmed the existence of a connected system of Purkinje fibers in the moderator band of the human and ungulate heart and
Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Different Public Environmental Sites in Mecca City

Background: The hygiene of environmental surfaces from shopping, ATM machines, telephones and computers and miscellaneous sites play role in spreading fecal and total coliform bacteria as well as pathogenic bacteria. Objectives: This study addresses the contaminated common sites by pathogenic or potentially pathogenic bacteria in Mecca, SA. Materials and Methods: A total 648 swab samples were collected and analyzed for presence or absence of pathogenic bacteria. Results: Of the total samples 422 were negative bacterial count (71%) and 226 (29%) were positive. All collected samples (100%) of glass windows in the fish markets were bacterial counted; most dominated was Bacillus spp. (n = 97) and the highest population of species was Enterococcus faecalis (n = 40) and E. coli (n = 16). Conclusion: Some public sites were very contaminated with different types of fecal coliform group of bacteria such as shopping cart handles, inner surfaces and child seats in supermarkets, and the glass windows in the fish market. Acinetobacter haemolyticus and other hemolytic bacteria were isolated from more than site.
Lipid Analysis - Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis, 4th Edition [Book Review]

Review(s) of: Lipid Analysis - Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis, 4th Edition, by William W. Christie, and Xianlin Han, Published in 2010, ISBN: 978-0-9552512-4-5, Hard Cover, 446 Pages, 14 Tables, 97 Figures, 776 References, Volume 24 in The Oily Press Lipid Library. Price 85 or US$174.
Algorithm for the treatment of chronic depression.

Chronic depression, which is marked by a course of illness lasting 2 years or more, encompasses 4 subtypes of depressive illness: (1) chronic major depressive disorder, (2) dysthymic disorder, (3) dysthymic disorder with major depressive disorder ("double depression"), and (4) major depressive disorder with poor interepisodic recovery (i.e., in incomplete remission). In the 1990s, chronic depression had a reported prevalence rate of 3% to 5% and accounted for 30% to 35% of all cases of depression in the United States. The authors present an algorithm modified from the Texas Medication Algorithm Project for patients with chronic depression. This treatment algorithm recommends a progression of steps or stages in treating chronic depression. The first stage is monotherapy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, nefazodone, bupropion sustained release, venlafaxine extended release, mirtazapine, or psychotherapy. Later options include combination therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, atypical antipsychotics, and novel treatments. Utilization of a comprehensive treatment algorithm for chronic major depression should encourage efficient, efficacious treatment.
Hospital Response to Psychosocial Needs of AIDS In Patients

Compassionate care for HIV-infected persons requires response to psychosocial needs. With no new external funding, Women's College Hospital, a 270-bed urban teaching hospital, provided effective psychosocial services for HIV-infected in patients by developing a comprehensive policy, educating staff, organizing existing services into a psychosocial support team to provide crisis intervention, and developing liaisons with community AIDS organizations. A retrospective chart review of epide-miologic and psychosocial patient data was carried out for 59 HIV in patients (58 men, 1 woman) admitted during 1987–89. Of the cohort, 91% indicated homosexual contact as the only risk factor. A psychosocial support team contacted 90% of these in patients. One third (36%) of the patients designated as next of kin individuals who were not legally or biologically related. Approximately 25%–30% made active arrangements for impending death, e.g. wills and funeral plans. Thirteen patients, 22%, died in hospital, and three, 5%, on first admission. Experience showed that psychosocial interventions that focus on human dignity and quality of life, normally seen as elements of palliative care, are critically important from the earliest stages of HI V disease and should not be reserved only for those who are terminally ill.
Role of Proteases in the Release of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus from Infected Cells

ABSTRACT Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a causative agent of pig diarrhea, requires a protease(s) for multicycle replication in cultured cells. However, the potential role of proteases in the infection process remains unclear. In order to explore this, we used two different approaches: we infected either Vero cells in the presence of trypsin or Vero cells that constitutively express the membrane-associated protease TMPRSS2 (Vero/TMPRSS2 cells). We found that PEDV infection was enhanced, and viruses were efficiently released into the culture fluid, from Vero cells infected in the presence of protease, while in cells without protease, the virus grew, but its release into the culture fluid was strongly hampered. Cell-to-cell fusion of PEDV-infected cells and cleavage of the spike (S) protein were observed in cells with protease. When infected Vero cells were cultured for 3 days in the absence of trypsin but were then treated transiently with trypsin, infectious viruses were immediately released from infected cells. In addition, treatment of infected Vero/TMPRSS2 cells with the protease inhibitor leupeptin strongly blocked the release of virus into the culture fluid. Under electron microscopy, PEDV-infected Vero cells, as well as PEDV-infected Vero/TMPRSS2 cells treated with leupeptin, retained huge clusters of virions on their surfaces, while such clusters were rarely seen in the presence of trypsin and the absence of leupeptin in Vero and Vero/TMPRSS2 cells, respectively. Thus, the present study indicates that proteases play an important role in the release of PEDV virions clustered on cells after replication occurs. This unique observation in coronavirus infection suggests that the actions of proteases are reminiscent of that of the influenza virus neuraminidase protein.
Mitochondrial Morphogenesis, Distribution, and Parkinson Disease: Insights From PINK1

The etiology of Parkinson disease (PD) has been assumed to be a complex combination of environmental factors, intrinsic cellular metabolic properties, and susceptible genetic alleles. The primary obstacles to the development of a neuroprotective therapy in PD include uncertainties with regard to the precise cause(s) of neuronal dysfunction and what to target. The discoveries of Mendelian genes associated with inherited forms of PD in the last 10 years have revolutionized the understanding of the cellular pathways leading to neuronal dysfunction. Common themes of the pathogenesis of PD are beginning to emerge with mitochondrial dysfunction at the center stage. In this review, we summarize our knowledge of the pathogenesis of PD, revisit some aspects of mitochondrial biology, and discuss the insights from the study of Pink1, a familial PD-associated gene. We propose that mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution might be a novel and potential common paradigm for PD and other neurodegenerative disease research and that modulation of such mitochondrial processes may prove to be a valuable therapeutic avenue for PD.
Does a relationship exist between the urate pool in the body and lipid peroxidation during exercise?

In this study, we investigated whether a relationship exists between the levels of urate in vivo and lipid peroxidation during exercise. Seven healthy male subjects performed exhaustive cycling exercise under the following three conditions. The levels of urate, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and allantoin in plasma and urine were examined before exercise and during a 3 h recovery period. (1) Benzbromarone administration experiment: benzbromarone (an uricosuric agent) was administered orally the day before exercise. (2) IMP administration experiment: inosine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt (a precursor of urate) was administered orally the day before exercise. (3) Control experiment: no test substance was administered. The main results obtained were as follows. Plasma urate levels and total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) for deproteinized plasma in the resting period significantly decreased depending on the treatment, in the order of IMP > control > benzbromarone. A significant positive correlation was evident between plasma urate levels and TRAP values for deproteinized plasma. The increase in plasma levels of allantoin was observed only in the case of IMP treatment. A significant negative correlation between plasma levels of urate in the resting period and the amounts of urinary TBARS excreted during the recovery period was recognized. These results suggest that the urate level in vivo before exercise is a factor influencing lipid peroxidation during exhaustive exercise. Furthermore, these findings support the view that urate may serve as an important free-radical scavenger in vivo.
Defensive changes in medical practice and the complaints process: a qualitative study of New Zealand doctors.

AIM To characterise doctors' responses to complaints. METHOD Survey of a systematic sample of New Zealand doctors, and indepth interviews with 12 doctors who recently received complaints. RESULTS 714 written survey responses and 12 indepth interviews revealed changes consistent with positive and negative defensive medicine as well as changes in the direction of "good practice". Positive defensive medicine changes were increased investigation and referral rates, active identification of potential problem patients, over-documentation and consenting, and altered approaches to time and workload. Negative defensive medicine changes involved withdrawal from the doctor-patient relationship and particular fields of practice. Good practice changes included reflective practice, greater sensitivity to societal and professional expectations, and initiating systemic change. CONCLUSIONS The complaints process in New Zealand has the potential to improve healthcare delivery at a systemic level and to reinforce appropriate standards of professional behaviour, but it may cause individual doctors to practice defensively. Unless an appropriate educational process is allied to the complaints process, defensive medicine may compromise patient care and constrain potential improvements in healthcare delivery overall.
Estudio sobre la granularidad de objetos de aprendizaje almacenados en repositorios de libre acceso

Resumen. Este articulo presenta un estudio realizado sobre un conjunto de objetos de aprendizaje almacenados en repositorios de libre acceso (Merlot, Careo y Wisc-Online) para determinar la reusabilidad mediante la medida de su granularidad. Para ello se medira la granularidad a traves de la valoracion ponderada de los factores que hacen a los objetos distinguibles unos de otros. Con este fin se han analizado teorias sobre objetos de aprendizaje y se han definido diversos criterios.
Efficacy and safety evaluation of fludarabine-based chemotherapy regimen for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Abstract This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fludarabine (F)-based regimen for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) compared with other regimens with no F contained. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI databases were searched to identify eligible literatures. R software version 3.12 was used for statistical analysis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were utilized to express the complete response, overall response and adverse events outcomes. Egger test was carried out to examine the publication bias and sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of our results. Twelve eligible literatures consisting of 1587 patients were included in this study. Greater complete response (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.98–2.80) and overall response (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.85–2.24) were found for patients who received F-based regimen than those received other regimens, although the results were not statistically significant. In addition, F-based regimen was associated with significantly lower risk of adverse events compared with other regimens (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28–0.74). Results of subgroup analysis showed that significantly lower incidence was presented only for constipation among the 7 specific adverse events (OR = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01–0.14). F-based chemotherapy regimen was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with NHL.
Modulation of endogenous dopamine release in the fish retina by light and prolonged darkness

ABSTRACT The effect of light stimuli and prolonged darkness on the release of endogenous dopamine was measured in the white perch and hybrid bass retinas. Isolated retinas were superfused and released dopamine was measured using extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography separation techniques. Potassium-induced release did not depend on the background illumination nor on the period of previous darkness. Steady white light did not affect release, but flickering light of 2 Hz increased release about two-fold. During prolonged darkness, the release of dopamine increased steadily over the test period of 2 h, but only if the experiments were performed at night. During the day such an increase was not observed. The increased release during prolonged darkness at night was turned off by a short period of steady white light. The release patterns obtained from the white perch and the hybrid bass were similar. However, the hybrid bass retina showed much lower levels of dopamine than did the white perch retina.
Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope gene in preimmunized and persistently infected rhesus macaques

The V3 and V4 domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) env genes from 14 rhesus macaques experimentally infected by HIV-2 SBL6669/H5 were sequenced. No variation was observed in viral sequences from sera and from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells during primary infection. The first mutations were detected 17 months after infection; they mainly concerned the region between the V3 and V4 domains and not those domains themselves, which are known to be hypervariable, suggesting that variation of V3 is a late event of HIV infection.
Earliest fire in Africa: towards the convergence of archaeological evidence and the cooking hypothesis

Issues of early fire use have become topical in human evolution, after a long period in which fire scarcely featured in general texts. Interest has been stimulated by new archaeological finds in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and also by major inputs from other disciplines, including primatology and evolutionary psychology. Evidence for fire is, however, often disputed, especially with regard to the early cases in Africa. Interpretations often struggle to take into account the implications of a huge bias in archaeological preservation, which means that our surviving evidence does not accurately map the past. Additionally, there is often a ‘yes-no’ presence/absence approach to fire, which does not recognise that earliest hominin fire use may have occurred in interaction with natural fire, and may not even have included deliberate hearth use in its first stages. Here we examine the need to integrate different approaches to the issues of early fire-use, considering especially the earliest archaeological evidence and the ‘cooking hypothesis’, while also tackling the issues of apparent differences in early African and European fire records.
Probing many-body localization with neural networks

We show that a simple artificial neural network trained on entanglement spectra of individual states of a many-body quantum system can be used to determine the transition between a many-body localized and a thermalizing regime. Specifically, we study the Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain in a random external field. We employ a multilayer perceptron with a single hidden layer, which is trained on labeled entanglement spectra pertaining to the fully localized and fully thermal regimes. We then apply this network to classify spectra belonging to states in the transition region. For training, we use a cost function that contains, in addition to the usual error and regularization parts, a term that favors a confident classification of the transition region states. The resulting phase diagram is in good agreement with the one obtained by more conventional methods and can be computed for small systems. In particular, the neural network outperforms conventional methods in classifying individual eigenstates pertaining to a single disorder realization. It allows us to map out the structure of these eigenstates across the transition with spatial resolution. Furthermore, we analyze the network operation using the dreaming technique to show that the neural network correctly learns by itself the power-law structure of the entanglement spectra in the many-body localized regime.
Universality and scaling in gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field.

I summarize results from a numerical study of spherically symmetric collapse of a massless scalar field. I consider families of solutions, S[p], with the property that a critical parameter value, p * , separates solutions containing black holes from those which do not. I present evidence in support of conjectures that (1) the strong-field evolution in the p→p * limit is universal and generates structure on arbitrarily small spatiotemporal scales and (2) the masses of black holes which form satisfy a power law M BH ∞|p-p * | γ , where γ≃0.37 is a universal exponent
Greek-Speaking Moslems of North-East Turkey: Prolegomena to a Study of the Ophitic Sub-Dialect of Pontic

It has become common in recent years for Greek Pontians, settled in Greece since 1922/3, and their families to go on coach-tours to visit their family homes in Pontus. They tend to return to Greece with stories of finding local people there with whom they have been able to converse in the Pontic dialect of Greek. Surprisingly, these travellers appear to take this for granted, and, as far as I am aware, no one has made a study of the Greek spoken in Pontus today, other than to include a few random phrases in travelogues. The purpose of this article is to make some preliminary observations on the Pontic Greek spoken by Moslems, particularly those of the Ophis (Of) region.