Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing human mobility and social relationships from cellular network data

Due to geographic and social constraints, human mobility shows a high degree of temporal and spatial regularity. More recently, emerging data tagged with geographical information can be used to study human mobility patterns. People usually spend most of their time at a few key important locations, such as home and work places. And for users with a certain social connection-co-workers or co-life, they often stay at the same locations. In this paper, firstly, we use an algorithm to identify important locations. After that, we find that the similarity between the two trajectories is closely related to their proximity in the location-based social network, where users having the same important locations are connected. In order to embody social contacts in mobility, for hourly variations in mobility similarity, we apply unsupervised clustering method to identify four categories of social ties. Finally, we further propose the unsupervised method and supervised method to predict which new links will develop in a social location-based network. We believe our finding can contribute to urban planning especially in areas of functional zone, transportation infrastructure deployment and mobile network facilities development.
Relationship Between Plasma steoprotegerin Levels and Coronary Artery alcification in Uncomplicated Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

OBJECTIVES This study sought to prospectively evaluate the relationship between plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG), inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], coronary artery calcification (CAC), and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. BACKGROUND Arterial calcification is a prominent feature of atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Osteoprotegerin is a cytokine that has recently been implicated in the regulation of vascular calcification. METHODS A total of 510 type 2 diabetic patients (53 8 years; 61% male) free of symptoms of cardiovascular disease were evaluated by CAC imaging. Risk factors, hs-CRP, IL-6, and OPG levels were measured. Patients were followed up for cardiovascular events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, late revascularization, and nonhemorrhagic stroke). RESULTS Significant CAC ( 10 Agatston units) was seen in 236 patients (46.3%); OPG was significantly elevated in patients with increased CAC. In multivariable analyses, OPG retained a strong association with elevated CAC scores after adjustment for age, gender, and other risk factors (odds ratio 2.84, 95% confidence interval 2.2 to 3.67; p 0.01). Sixteen cardiovascular events occurred during a mean follow-up of 18 5 months. The waist-to-hip ratio, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk score, OPG level, and CAC score were significant predictors of time to cardiovascular events in a univariate Cox proportional hazards model. In the multivariate model, the CAC score was the only independent predictor of adverse events. Levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 were related to neither the extent of CAC nor short-term events. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of asymptomatic diabetic patients have significant subclinical atherosclerosis. Of the biomarkers studied, only OPG predicted both subclinical disease and near-term cardiovascular events. Therefore, measurement of OPG merits further investigation as a simple test for identifying high-risk type 2 diabetic patients. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1850–7) ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2005.12. 054
The physiology of high altitude: an introduction to the cardio-respiratory changes occurring on ascent to altitude

Both the high altitude physiologist and the intensivist are challenged by the human organism in a hypoxic environment. The variation in barometric pressure which occurs with latitude influences enormously the inspired oxygen concentration at extreme altitudes and can significantly effect performance. The cardio- respiratory changes which take place at high altitude, and in particular the putative control mechanisms increasing ventilation; changes in the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve; diffusion limitation during exercise; cardiac function; the pulmonary circulation; and changes in erythropoiesis and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. © 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd
Research for TRAN Committee – European Tourism Labelling

This study focusses on the current situation in the European Union regarding quality and sustainability labelling in tourism. There is concern that the existing volume and variety of labels has become a barrier to consumer choice, which in consequence may lead to lost opportunities to increase the competitiveness of the European tourism industry. The study analyses the possibility of the introduction of an EU standard(s) for tourism services through the initiation of a harmonised EU certification system and the potential for the establishment of a single European tourism label.
High efficiency feed-forward amplifier using RF predistortion linearizer and the modified Doherty amplifier

The prototype model of the high efficiency feed-forward amplifier using RF predistortion linearizer and the modified Doherty amplifier is developed, and the performance of the developed amplifier is examined experimentally. The efficiency of 13.6% with the output power of 45W is achieved under the condition that ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio) is -55 dBc in 3 GPP test method at room temperature of +25/spl deg/C. This is the top level performance among the previously reported feed-forward amplifiers for cellular base stations. In concerning with the modified Doherty amplifier, which is the key component to enhance the efficiency of feed-forward amplifier, the design method and its performance is described in detail.
Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among HIV-infected adults in Botswana: prevalence and risk factors

ABSTRACT We sought to determine the clinical and epidemiologic determinants of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in HIV-infected individuals at two outpatient centers in southern Botswana. Standard microbiologic techniques were used to identify S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In a sample of 404 HIV-infected adults, prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was 36.9% (n = 152) and was associated with domestic overcrowding and lower CD4 cell count. MRSA prevalence was low (n = 13, 3.2%), but more common among individuals with asthma and eczema. The implications of these findings for HIV management are discussed.
Chaperone activity of alpha‐crystallins modulates intermediate filament assembly.

Intermediate filaments are generally regarded as one of the most insoluble and resilient cytoskeletal structures of eukaryotic cells. In extracts from the ocular lens, we noticed an unusually high level of vimentin in a soluble, non‐filamentous form. Immunoprecipitation of this soluble vimentin resulted in the co‐precipitation of alpha‐crystallins. The alpha‐crystallins are homologous to the small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) and have recently been identified as molecular chaperones, capable of preventing the heat‐induced aggregation of proteins. We find that the alpha‐crystallins dramatically inhibit the in vitro assembly of GFAP and vimentin in an ATP‐independent manner. This inhibition is also independent of the phosphorylation state of the alpha‐crystallin polypeptides and each one of the four polypeptides, either alpha A1‐, alpha A2‐, alpha B1‐ or alpha B2‐crystallin, are equally effective in this inhibition. Furthermore, we show that alpha‐crystallins can increase the soluble pool of GFAP when added to preformed filaments. Electron microscopy demonstrated that alpha‐crystallin particles could bind to intermediate filaments in a regular fashion, the spacing coinciding with the molecular length of GFAP. This is the first report, as far as we are aware, of a chaperone being involved in intermediate filament assembly and implicates chaperones in the remodeling of intermediate filaments during development and cell differentiation.
Autonomous surface / sub-surface survey system ASSSS

The Autonomous Surface / Sub-surface Survey System (ASSSS) research program combines long endurance autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) and long endurance autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to create an integrated cooperative navigation system effectively transforming the capabilities and accuracy of AUV survey. ASV is leading the project, working alongside National Oceanography Centre, a world leading research center and developer of AUV systems, Sonardyne International a leading developer of subsea acoustic positioning, communications and sonar systems and SeeByte a developer of software solutions for autonomous systems. The system architecture enables an ASV to provide regular position updates to the AUV system removing the need for the AUV to surface from depth to update its internally calculated position, a Cooperative Localization Scheme will increase the efficiency and accuracy of AUV survey. With the combination of the high accuracy sonar systems positioned close to the seabed on the AUV and accurate position from the ASV this will provide game changing solutions. The ASV communicates with the AUV through 2 key methods; acoustics to provide short mission updates and positioning information and optical communication technology to enable the system to upload the data from the survey sensors. With the data uploaded to the ASV it is then possible for it to process this data to enable summary data to be passed back through satellite communications. Future projects will look at how the data processed onboard can be used to adaptively update the mission in situations where data may indicate further investigation is required. Due to the endurance and autonomy, this system will also bring the possibility of completing subsea operations from a shore base, without the need for ships to be mobilized, significantly reducing data acquisition costs and improving safety. This transition to autonomy will save cost, reduce risk, and increase flexibility across a range of applications including mine countermeasures, weapons testing, hydrography, environmental science, security, and surveillance.
Development of public sector information management systems: challenges and promising practices

Purpose More and more governmental organizations are switching to information systems to enhance their operations and reduce cost but the development of these systems involves a lot of challenges. This paper aims to find out the challenges that project managers have to face during the development of such systems and the practices they can adopt to address these challenges. Design/methodology/approach To identify the challenges, data have been gathered across six key project management areas. The six targeted key areas are project integration management, project scope management, project time management, project cost management, project human resource management and project communications management. The authors have coordinated with 11 managerial-level IT professionals using semi-structured interviews and have gone through their communication archives. Findings Findings prove that practices such as focusing on cost reduction, informal congregations, trainings and frequent communication between vendor and client help in addressing the challenges. Furthermore, learning from management experiences of the managers can assist managers in similar role to create a pattern of success while working with governmental projects. Originality/value The authors peek into the development life cycle of a public sector project named as prison information management system. The project has encountered numerous challenges and has been accomplished in significantly delayed time than designated.
GENERALIZED MODAL SCATTERING MATRIX OF DISCONTINUITY‐DISTORTED WAVEGUIDE MULTIPORT JUNCTIONS

A generalized modal scattering matrix formulation is presented for the calculation of discontinuity-distorted waveguide multiport junctions. Unlike common approaches based on three-plane mode-matching techniques, and modifications thereof, which calculate only the fundamental-mode scattering matrix, this algorithm computes the generalized modal scattering matrix of the junction. Therefore, the method allows the computation of components in which other structures are connected as closely as possible to the discontinuity-distorted junction as follows directly from the rigorous incorporation of all higher-order mode interactions. The method is demonstrated at three selected examples: the waveguide corner, the T-junction power divider and the orthomode transducer. Comparison with results obtained by other numerical techniques or measurements available from the literature are found to be in good agreement. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The efficacy and safety of a homeopathic gel in the treatment of acute low back pain: a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind comparative clinical trial

Abstract Acute low back pain is a very common condition in Western industrialised countries. In most cases analgesics or topical medications are prescribed at first encounter with the general practitioner (GP). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the homeopathic gel Spiroflor SRL® gel (SRL) is equally effective and better tolerated than Cremor Capsici Compositus FNA (CCC) in patients with acute low back pain. A multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted in the practices of 19 GPs in the districts of Bristol and Manchester, UK. One hundred and sixty-one subjects suffering from acute low back pain were treated for one week either with SRL or with CCC. Pain was scored on a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Main efficacy parameter VAS reduction was compared between treatments. Evaluation of safety was primarily based on the number of subjects with adverse events (AEs), withdrawals due to an AE and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The mean difference between the VAS reduction in the SRL group and the CCC group adjusted for VAS at baseline and age was −0.6 mm (90%CI=−6.5–5.3 mm). Fewer subjects in the SRL group (11%) experienced an AE than in the CCC group (26%). The same applies to the number of subjects with an ADR (3/81=4% vs 18/74=24%) and the number of subjects withdrawn due to an ADR (0/81=0% vs 8/74=11%). In conclusion, SRL and CCC are equally effective in the treatment of acute low back pain, however, SRL has a better safety profile. Spiroflor SRL® gel is preferable to Capsicum-based products for the topical treatment of low back pain, because of the lower risk of adverse effects.
Industrie 4.0 – (R)evolution ohne Regelungstechnik?

Zusammenfassung Industrie 4.0 steht für die digital vernetzte Produktion, ermöglicht durch Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie. Dieser Artikel wirft daher die Frage nach der Notwendigkeit von Anpassungen der Regelungstechnik in der zukünftigen vernetzten Produktionsgesellschaft auf und zeigt was beim Übergang dazu bisher unbeantwortet blieb. Bei der Betrachtung wird deutlich, dass regelungstechnische Aspekte bei dieser Entwicklung keineswegs fehlen und die eingesetzten Regelungskonzepte weiterentwickelt werden müssen, um das von Industrie 4.0 versprochene Potential zu entfalten.
Gender Disparity in HIV Seroprevalence and Associated Gender Variables : A National-Level Analysis of the association between gender inequality and the feminisation of HIV / AIDS

The HIV epidemic is becoming increasingly ‘feminised’ (UNAIDS, 2009); in 1985 roughly equal numbers of men and women in sub-Saharan Africa were living with HIV/AIDS, however since then the relative number of women in comparison to men living with HIV/AIDS has increased substantially. For the last decade women have comprised around 60% of new infections in sub-Saharan Africa despite significant investment in HIV interventions (UNAIDS, 2011). Whilst it is acknowledged that women are biologically more vulnerable to HIV infection, there is also substantial evidence that the broader social context of women’s inequality and status contributes to the inequality in HIV prevalence between men and women.
Cure for the Multicore Blues

The Canadian software company, RapidMind, has developed a new software tool to help programmers write code for microprocessor chips like the Cell as well as for graphic processors from ATI Technologies, Nvidia Corp., and other companies. Called RapidMind Development Platform 2.0, it allows programmers to code their entire applications to run on multiple cores. In practice, however, users have fed the RapidMind platform the most computationally intensive portions of their programs. The platform accelerates these chunks by breaking them up into smaller pieces and running them in parallel on several processor cores at once. The RapidMind platform has been successfully used to create the first real-time ray-tracing visualization program for customers like DaimlerChrysler and Porsche
Electrocardiographic changes subsequent to artificial ventricular depolarization.

Massive T wave inversion and ST depression occur in the unpaced electrocardiogram subsequent to ventricular pacing, and persist for a varying length of time depending on the duration of pacing. That artificial depolarization of the ventricle causes changes in repolarization which persist after stopping pacing is of considerable theoretical and practical importance, and we describe the findings in 31 patients both with and without disease of the conduction tissue.
Acute Lung Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock is Dependent on Gut Injury and Sex

Recent studies have established gut-derived lymph rather than portal blood as the major source of toxic mediators after hemorrhagic shock that causes distant organ injury. Similarly, emerging data have identified sex as a major modifier of the response to injury and illness. Thus we tested the hypothesis that female rats would be more resistant to shock-induced lung injury than male rats because females are more resistant to shock-induced gut injury and produce mesenteric lymph that is less toxic to endothelial cells. Male and female rats were subjected to sham or hemorrhagic shock and lung permeability was quantitated by Evans blue dye and protein extravasation into the alveolar space. Next, mesenteric lymph collected from shocked and sham-shocked rats of both sexes was incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and assayed for toxicity. Trypan blue dye exclusion and the release of lactate dehydrogenase assessed HUVEC viability and injury respectively. Lastly, sections of the terminal ileum were histologically examined for evidence of shock-induced mucosal injury. Male rats but not female rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock had evidence of increased lung permeability and produced mesenteric lymph that was cytotoxic to HUVECs. Shock caused gut injury in the male rats whereas histological evidence of gut injury was not observed in the female rats. Hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury depends on gut injury and mesenteric lymph appears to be the route by which gut-derived toxic factors exit the gut to cause lung injury. The resistance of female rats to shock-induced lung injury appears to be secondary to their resistance to shock-induced gut injury.
Extracting Patterns from Socioeconomic Databases to Characterize Small Farmers with High and Low Corn Yields in Mozambique: a Data Mining Approach

Mozambique is mainly a rural country. Agriculture is a pillar of the Mozambique economy and is the main source of income for 80% of the population living in rural areas. One of the major problems in the agricultural sector is low productivity, which for most crops is the lowest in Africa. The main food crop cultivated in Mozambique is maize. This research aims to characterize households with high and low maize yields based on the National Agricultural Survey Data from 2007 and 2008 using a data mining approach. To this end, we used: a) decision trees, b) association rules, and c) classification rules. The results show that households with high maize yields are those with the capacity to generate income through the commercialization of their production and agricultural assets. Households with low maize yields are associated with production loss before harvest which results in food insecurity.
The Relationship of Locus of Control and PsychosociaI‐Behavioral Response in Chronic Headache

It has been suggested that patients' perceptions of the impact chronic headache has on their lives as well as perceived control of their headaches may be associated with the intensity, duration, and exacerbation of pain they experience. The present study examined associations among International Headache Society (IHS) diagnostic category, pain characteristics such as severity and duration, perceived impact and control of headaches, and adaptive response. Two hundred twenty‐five patients with migraine, tension‐type, or combined migraine and tension‐type headache served as subjects. General activity level was related to IHS diagnosis, with migraine headache patients reporting that they are more active than tension‐type headache patients (F(2, 196) = 5.69, P < . 01). Headache locus of control was not significantly related to IHS diagnosis, however external headache locus of control was significantly related to headache intensity (r = .32, P < .001, r = .25, P < .001), as well as to patients' perceptions of the extent to which pain interfered with various domains of their lives (r = .33, P < .001, r = .28, P < .001), and adaptive response (F(6, 402) = 4.68, P < . 001). It appeared that perceived control over headaches and perceived impact of headaches were not related to IHS diagnostic category and were not strongly related to each other, but were related to headache severity.
A Double Track Error-Correction Code for Magnetic Tape

An error-correction code, presented here, uses two redundant tracks and one redundant character which are formed from the askew and the vertical redundancy check (AVRC) bits. The error-correction capability of this code is the same as for the ORC Patel and Hong's code, but the encoded codeblock dimension is not subject to constraints.
Núcleos espaciados: algoritmo para la determinación de un eje medio a partir de multitrazas GNSS 3D

La Informacion Geografica Voluntaria (IGV) supone un cambio radical en la obtencion y disponibilidad de Informacion Geografica. La aportacion de millones de usuarios de esta informacion proporciona un volumen de datos que, usados de forma correcta, es una fuente de un gran valor. En este trabajo se presenta un proceso semiautomatico que permite trabajar con este tipo de informacion, el algoritmo �Nucleos espaciados�. Este algoritmo permite la obtencion de un eje medio a partir de un conjunto de multitrazas GNSS 3D tomadas sobre un tramo de carretera. La eficacia del algoritmo ha sido evaluada con un control de calidad posicional del eje obtenido mediante el metodo de control posicional por elementos lineales de las distancias medias.