Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Signal Space Diversity in OFDM With Grouped Subcarriers: Going Beyond Subcarrier Index Modulation

We propose a unified approach for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with grouped subcarriers which encompasses previous schemes such as subcarrier-index modulation and grouped linear constellation-precoding as particular cases. To exploit signal space diversity (SSD), we treat the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> subcarriers within a group as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> real resources. Interleaving at the real component level is used to break the correlation between adjacent subcarriers. Error performance analysis then reveals that a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-dimensional real signal constellation (codebook) should be designed according to the SSD criterion and the multiplicity-to-product distance ratio criterion. Under certain constraints, the maximum diversity gain of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be achieved by proper design. We design new codebooks based on real lattices and show through both computer simulations and analysis that a superior error performance can be achieved.
Repeatable Interindividual Variation in Hypoxia Tolerance in the Gulf Killifish, Fundulus grandis

The capacity of fishes to tolerate low oxygen (hypoxia) through behavioral and physiological adjustments varies among species in a fashion that correlates with oxygen availability in their natural habitats. Less is known about variation in hypoxia tolerance within a species, but it is expressly this interindividual variation that will determine which individuals will survive during severe hypoxia. Here, we measured aquatic surface respiration (ASR) and loss of equilibrium (LOE), two common indexes of hypoxia tolerance of fishes, in gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, subjected to multiple trials of a highly reproducible hypoxia protocol over a period of 6–8 wk. The time and PO2 at the first occurrence of ASR and the time and PO2 at LOE differed significantly among individuals in a repeatable fashion. This interindividual variation in ASR and LOE was significantly correlated with general body and gill morphology. The time to ASR was shorter and the PO2 at ASR was higher for fish with greater mass. After correcting for mass, fish with longer or more numerous gill filaments had longer times to ASR or LOE, respectively. Fish in better condition factor (heavier for their length) had lower PO2 at LOE. Repeatable interindividual variation in hypoxia tolerance, if genetically based, could influence the capacity of species to adapt as their habitats become increasingly threatened by aquatic hypoxia.
Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Relevance of Hypoxic‐Ischemic Injuries in Children Exposed to Abusive Head Trauma

Hypoxic‐ischemic injuries (HIIs) are a scarcely investigated but important cause of morbidity and mortality in children who suffered abusive head trauma (AHT). The purpose of this study is to determine: (a) prevalence, types, and clinical relevance of cytotoxic edema compatible with HII in nonpenetrating AHT, (b) their relationship to other classic neuroimaging findings of AHT, and (c) their correlation with clinical outcomes.
Strain-Reduction Induced Rise in Channel Temperature at Ohmic Contacts of GaN HEMTs

Operating temperature distributions in AlGaN/GaN gateless and gated devices are characterized and analyzed using the InfraScope temperature mapping system. For the first time, a substantial rise of channel temperature at the inner ends of ohmic contacts has been observed. Synchrotron radiation-based high-resolution X-ray diffraction technique combined with drift–diffusion simulations show that strain reduction at the vicinity of ohmic contacts increases electric field at these locations, resulting in the rise of lattice temperature. The thermal coupling of a high conductive tensile region at the contacts to a low conductive channel region is an origin of the temperature rise observed in both short- and long-channel gateless devices.
Getting Started with TensorFlow

Key FeaturesGet the first book on the market that shows you the key aspects TensorFlow, how it works, and how to use it for the second generation of machine learningWant to perform faster and more accurate computations in the field of data science? This book will acquaint you with an all-new refreshing library Tensor Flow! Dive into the next generation of numerical computing and get the most out of your data with this quick guide Book Description Google's Tensor Flow engine, after much fanfare, has evolved in to a robust, user-friendly, and customizable, application-grade software library of machine learning (ML) code for numerical computation and neural networks. This book takes you through the practical software implementation of various machine learning techniques with Tensor Flow. In the first few chapters, you'll gain familiarity with the framework and perform the mathematical operations required for data analysis. As you progress further, you'll learn to implement various machine learning techniques such as classification, clustering, neural networks, and deep learning through practical examples. By the end of this book, youll have gained hands-on experience of using TensorFlow and building classification, image recognition systems, language processing, and information retrieving systems for your application. What you will learn Install and adopt Tensor Flow in your Python environment to solve mathematical problems Get to know the basic machine and deep learning concepts Train and test neural networks to fit your data model Make predictions using regression algorithms Analyze your data with a clustering procedure Develop algorithms for clustering and data classification Use GPU computing to analyze big data About the Author Giancarlo Zaccone has more than 10 years of experience managing research projects in both the scientific and industrial domains. He worked as researcher at the C.N. R, the National Research Council, where he was involved in projects related to parallel numerical computing and scientific visualization. Currently, he is a senior software engineer at a consulting company developing and maintaining software systems for space and defence applications. Giancarlo holds a master's degree in physics from the Federico II of Naples and a 2nd level postgraduate master course in scientific computing from La Sapienza of Rome. He has already been a Packt author for the following book: Python Parallel Programming Cookbook. You can contact him at https://it.linkedin. com/in/giancarlozaccone.
Time-Domain Modeling of Noisy Electromagnetic Field Propagation

An efficient method for the numerical time-domain (TD) simulation of near- and far-field propagation of stochastic electromagnetic fields is presented. The method is based on the transformation of field correlation dyadics using TD Green's functions computed for deterministic fields. It accounts for arbitrary correlations between the noise radiation sources and allows to compute the spatial distribution of the spectral energy density of noisy electromagnetic sources. Numerical examples, demonstrating the strong influence of the correlation between the sources on the spatial distribution of the radiated noise field are presented.
Performance Comparison of Two Stage of Dickson Voltage Rectifier Realized in FD-SOI 28 nm and BiCMOS 55 nm for RF Energy Harvesting

In this article, two stages of the Dickson voltage rectifier are realized in two different technologies: FD-SOI 28 nm and BiCMOS 55 nm. The measurement of I-V characteristics of diodes in both technologies reveals that FD-SOI manifests a smaller threshold voltage and less leakage current compared to BiCMOS. It is also ascertained through the measurement results that the efficiency of the rectifier realized with the FD-SOI is better than that of rectifier obtained using BiCMOS. Furthermore, the impact of back gate polarization (BGP) in FD-SOI is investigated and a novel dynamic BGP is proposed. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 45 % is achieved at −10 dBm in FD-SOI, whereas, a PCE of 36 % is observed in BiCMOS at the same power.
Acute hydrocortisone administration reduces cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in young men

A surge in cortisol during acute physiological and pathophysiological stress may precipitate ventricular arrhythmia and myocardial infarction. Reduced cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability are observed during acute stress and are associated with an increased risk of acute cardiac events. In the present study, healthy young men received either a single iv bolus of saline (placebo) or hydrocortisone, 1 week apart, in accordance with a randomized, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study design. Hydrocortisone acutely increased heart rate and blood pressure and reduced cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in young men. These findings suggest that, by reducing cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability, acute surges in cortisol facilitate a pro‐arrhythmic milieu and provide an important mechanistic link between stress and acute cardiac events
A Compact 0.8 dB Low Noise and Self-packaged LNA using SISL Technology for 5 GHz WLAN Application

This paper proposes a compact 5.15-5.85 GHz low noise amplifier (LNA) based on substrate integrated suspended line (SISL) platform, which has a 0.8 dB low noise figure (NF) at 5.5 GHz. Pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) ATF-36163 from Avago Technologies is adopted to realize the LNA prototype. Unlike the conventional microstrip line, the self- packaged structure with air cavities reduces the circuit size and fabrication cost. Meanwhile, it cuts down dielectric loss as well as field dispersion considerably. Thus noise from passive matching network is reduced. Taking the advantage of SISL, the LNA shows the merits of low noise, self-packaging, compact size and low cost.
Effective Detection of Multimedia Protocol Tunneling using Machine Learning

Multimedia protocol tunneling enables the creation of covert channels by modulating data into the input of popular multimedia applications such as Skype. To be effective, protocol tunneling must be unobservable, i.e., an adversary should not be able to distinguish the streams that carry a covert channel from those that do not. However, existing multimedia protocol tunneling systems have been evaluated using ad hoc methods, which casts doubts on whether such systems are indeed secure, for instance, for censorship-resistant communication. In this paper, we conduct an experimental study of the unobservability properties of three state of the art systems: Facet, CovertCast, and DeltaShaper. Our work unveils that previous claims regarding the unobservability of the covert channels produced by those tools were ﬂawed and that existing machine learning techniques, namely those based on decision trees, can uncover the vast majority of those channels while incurring in comparatively lower false positive rates. We also explore the application of semi-supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques. Our ﬁndings suggest that the existence of manually labeled samples is a requirement for the successful detection of covert channels.
Gating charge displacement in a monomeric voltage-gated proton (Hv1) channel

Significance Hv1 proton channels, since their open probability increases with depolarization and low pH, are fundamental in sustaining the suitable pH gradient for cell survival. Here, we have characterized the gating current elicited by the monomeric mutant proton channel N264R with the aim of understanding the voltage-dependent processes that control channel opening. Gating currents precede ion currents, indicating that a large fraction of gating charge is displaced before Hv1 opening. The voltage sensor displacements are complex and consist of numerous well-defined states. However, most of the charge is displaced in a single transition that probably leads to channel opening. The positively charged arginine in the N264R channel promotes gating charge trapping in addition to blocking the proton currents. The voltage-gated proton (Hv1) channel, a voltage sensor and a conductive pore contained in one structural module, plays important roles in many physiological processes. Voltage sensor movements can be directly detected by measuring gating currents, and a detailed characterization of Hv1 charge displacements during channel activation can help to understand the function of this channel. We succeeded in detecting gating currents in the monomeric form of the Ciona-Hv1 channel. To decrease proton currents and better separate gating currents from ion currents, we used the low-conducting Hv1 mutant N264R. Isolated ON-gating currents decayed at increasing rates with increasing membrane depolarization, and the amount of gating charges displaced saturates at high voltages. These are two hallmarks of currents arising from the movement of charged elements within the boundaries of the cell membrane. The kinetic analysis of gating currents revealed a complex time course of the ON-gating current characterized by two peaks and a marked Cole–Moore effect. Both features argue that the voltage sensor undergoes several voltage-dependent conformational changes during activation. However, most of the charge is displaced in a single central transition. Upon voltage sensor activation, the charge is trapped, and only a fast component that carries a small percentage of the total charge is observed in the OFF. We hypothesize that trapping is due to the presence of the arginine side chain in position 264, which acts as a blocking ion. We conclude that the movement of the voltage sensor must proceed through at least five states to account for our experimental data satisfactorily.
Impact of liver tumor percutaneous radiofrequency ablation on circulating tumor cells

Radiofrequency ablation has become an increasingly common therapeutic technique for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or metastatic liver tumors. However, reports on the effect of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are limited. The present study aimed to further investigate the impacts of PRFA on the numbers and phenotypes of CTCs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or metastatic liver tumors. A total of 43 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or 7 types of metastatic liver tumors were treated with PRFA. A total of 5 ml blood per sample were collected from the peripheral circulation 30 min before and 3 days after PRFA. The total number of CTCs significantly increased 3 days after PRFA, and the mesenchymal phenotype CTCs, which also increased significantly, significantly contributed to the overall increase in CTCs. Furthermore, the lymphocyte levels were significantly decreased following PRFA, and the CTC level was significantly higher in patients with decreased lymphocyte levels compared with those with increased lymphocyte levels. Liver tumor PRFA may increase the level of mesenchymal phenotype CTCs, which is significantly associated with the lymphocyte count. Factors pertaining to the performance of PRFA were also investigated in the present research, but no significant results were identified.
In vivo confocal microscopy of iris in recessive cornea plana with anterior synechiae

Cite this article as: Bruni E, Pedrotti E, Di Sarro PP, Passilongo M, Marchini G. In vivo confocal microscopy of iris in recessive cornea plana with anterior synechiae. Indian J Ophthalmol 2018;66:1311-3. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Modelling and Analysis of a Hierarchy of Distance Bounding Attacks

We present an extension of the applied pi-calculus that can be used to model distance bounding protocols. A range of different security properties have been suggested for distance bounding protocols; we show how these can be encoded in our model and prove a partial order between them. We also relate the different security properties to particular attacker models. In doing so, we identify a new property, which we call uncompromised distance bounding , that captures the attacker model for protecting devices such as contactless payment cards or car entry systems, which assumes that the prover being tested has not been compromised, though other provers may have been. We show how to compile our new calculus into the applied pi-calculus so that protocols can be automatically checked with the ProVerif tool and we use this to analyse distance bounding protocols from Master-Card and NXP.
600-GHz-band Waveguide-output Uni-traveling-carrier Photodiodes and Their Applications to Wireless Communication

Uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes (UTC-PDs) are packaged with WR-1.5 rectangular metallic waveguides to ensure 600-GHz band operation. A broadband coupler circuit between the UTC-PD and the hollow waveguide is monolithically integrated with the UTC-PD chip. The fabricated module exhibits the 3-dB bandwidth of 340 GHz, which is the widest among ever-reported photodiode modules. This module is successfully applied to 600-GHz band wireless communications with a data rate of over 10 Gbit/s.
Birch pollen‐specific subcutaneous immunotherapy reduces ILC2 frequency but does not suppress IL‐33 in mice

The underlying mechanism of allergen‐specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is not yet fully understood, but suppression of allergen‐specific Th2 cells and production of allergen‐specific IgG4 antibodies are two hallmarks. The impact on the innate arm of the immune system is far less clear.
An S-band Internally Matched Packaged GaN HEMT with over 720W Peak Power and 58% PAE

In this paper, the design and the characteristics of an S-band High Power internally matched packaged field effect transistor (IMFET) with GaN HEMT are reported. To reduce the size of the IMFET, single layer capacitors (SLC) with high dielectric constant were used. Also, the impedance matching circuits were fabricated on aluminum nitride substrates. The output power, power gain and PAE of the amplifier were measured as 58.57dBm (720W), 10.6dB, and 58%, respectively at 3.4GHz. Due to the compact size of the package, 24mm × 17.4mm, these results show the record high output power per unit area of the package at this frequency.
Nonuniformity in ligaments is a structural strategy for optimizing functionality

Significance Structure and function are intermingled and inseparable. Therefore, the structure–function dependency sequence is mostly unclear. Using the periodontal ligament as a model, employing a technique utilizing a loading system inside a microCT, we were able to visualize in 3D the fresh collagen networks and correlate their distribution and direction with loads exerted on the ligament. We show that the ligament structure is not uniform and is determined before it becomes functional, and therefore we propose that structural nonuniformity is specifically designed to optimize ligament function to the variable forces it sustains. Ligaments serve as compliant connectors between hard tissues. In that role, they function under various load regimes and directions. The 3D structure of ligaments is considered to form as a uniform entity that changes due to function. The periodontal ligament (PDL) connects the tooth to the bone and sustains different types of loads in various directions. Using the PDL as a model, employing a fabricated motorized setup in a microCT, we demonstrate that the fibrous network structure within the PDL is not uniform, even before the tooth becomes functional. Utilizing morphological automated segmentation methods, directionality analysis, as well as second harmonic generation imaging, we find high correlation between blood vessel distribution and fiber density. We also show a structural feature in a form of a dense collar around the neck of the tooth as well as a preferred direction of the fibrous network. Finally, we show that the PDL develops as a nonuniform structure, with an architecture designed to sustain specific types of load in designated areas. Based on these findings, we propose that ligaments in general should be regarded as nonuniform entities, structured already at developmental stages for optimal functioning under variable load regimes.
Simultaneous Measurement of Heart Sound, Pulse Wave and Respiration with Single Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor

Heart sound, pulse wave and respiration are simultaneously measured with single fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensor. The FBG sensor is inscribed in optical fiber so that it is quite thinner than conventional electrical sensor, even enough to be weaved in clothes. In this study, single FBG sensor is taped near the Tricuspid area and on the carotid artery with the surgical tape. Measured data is denoised through digital Butterworth filter with low pass filter (0.2 Hz), medium frequency band pass filter (0.5 Hz - 5.0 Hz) and higher frequency bandpass filter (35.0 Hz - 55.0 Hz) to extract the information of respiration, pulse wave and heart sound, respectively. The lower frequency signal follows the reference respiration sensor. The medium and higher frequency signal contains the features of typical pulse wave and heart sound waveform. The pulse wave measured on precordium contains the feature of apex cardiogram. The result also indicate that the timing of the heart sound is slightly delayed on the carotid artery. These results indicate the possibility of wearable, continuous vital sigh measurement system.
Comparison of Graph-Based Modular Frameworks for Audiovisual Applications

Graph-based modular frameworks for audio and video processing allow programmers to flexibly design audiovisual applications. In this paper, we look at the four most often used frameworks of this type and evaluate their properties and compare their performance characteristics. Our motivation is to find advantages and limitations of such frameworks for advanced applications, such as 4K video acquisition or low-latency audio processing. We used test samples of video content at three different resolutions and with three variations of video data. Three simple example applications were created. We evaluated CPU and memory requirements, processed frames per second and latency.
Visualization of 2D Uncertainty in Decadal Climate Predictions

In recent years, climate prediction systems based on coupled climate models are used for investigating the climate predictability on a decadal time scale. Based on ensemble simulation techniques applied and hindcast experiments carried out ﬁrst, the predictive skill of a system can be derived. The ensemble simulations used for the decadal climate predictions enable the issuing of probabilistic information along with the quantities predicted. In this work, we focus on the concurrent visualization of three related 2D ﬁelds: the forecast variable, here the 2m temperature anomaly, along with the corresponding predictive skill and the ensemble spread. We show exemplary solutions produced with three different visualization systems: NCL, Avizo Green and ParaView.