Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Definite Descriptions in the Light of the Comprehension vs. Acceptance Distinction: Comparing Self-Paced Reading with Eye-Tracking Measures

This paper presents two experiments on the processing of informative definite descriptions in plausible vs. implausible contexts. Experiment 1 is a self-paced reading task (with French native speakers, n = 69), with sentences containing a definite vs. indefinite NP, each preceded by plausible or implausible contexts. Our study replicated Singh and colleagues’ findings, namely that definite descriptions are significantly costlier when they occur in implausible contexts. The translation of the original stimuli from English to French did not affect the results, suggesting that the phenomenon applies cross-linguistically. Experiment 2 consists in an eye-tracking task, designed to measure the participants’ (n = 44) gaze patterns on complete sentences with the same four conditions (definite vs. indefinite NP; implausible vs. implausible contexts). A mixed effect model analysis revealed that (a) the total gaze duration on target segments and (b) the processing of the complete sentence were significantly longer in implausible conditions. These results show that implausible contexts predict a marked increase in the offline processing costs of definite descriptions. However, no significant difference was found for online processing measures (i.e., first fixation duration, first-pass reading time and regression path time measures) across all experimental conditions. These results suggest that it is only once the sentence is fully processed that implausible contexts increase processing costs. Furthermore, these results raise methodological issues related to the study of the online processing of definite descriptions, to the extent that self-paced reading and eye-tracking methods in the present study lead to incompatible results. With respect to the eye-tracking results, we suggest that the contrast between online and offline processing is likely to reflect the fact that participants first adopt a stance of trust to understand utterances before filtering the information through their epistemic vigilance module.
Evaluation of Protein Purification Techniques and Effects of Storage Duration on LC-MS/MS Analysis of Archived FFPE Human CRC Tissues

To elucidate cancer pathogenesis and its mechanisms at the molecular level, the collecting and characterization of large individual patient tissue cohorts are required. Since most pathology institutes routinely preserve biopsy tissues by standardized methods of formalin fixation and paraffin embedment, these archived FFPE tissues are important collections of pathology material that include patient metadata, such as medical history and treatments. FFPE blocks can be stored under ambient conditions for decades, while retaining cellular morphology, due to modifications induced by formalin. However, the effect of long-term storage, at resource-limited institutions in developing countries, on extractable protein quantity/quality has not yet been investigated. In addition, the optimal sample preparation techniques required for accurate and reproducible results from label-free LC-MS/MS analysis across block ages remains unclear. This study investigated protein extraction efficiency of 1, 5, and 10-year old human colorectal carcinoma resection tissue and assessed three different gel-free protein purification methods for label-free LC-MS/MS analysis. A sample size of n = 17 patients per experimental group (with experiment power = 0.7 and α = 0.05, resulting in 70% confidence level) was selected. Data were evaluated in terms of protein concentration extracted, peptide/protein identifications, method reproducibility and efficiency, sample proteome integrity (due to storage time), as well as protein/peptide distribution according to biological processes, cellular components, and physicochemical properties. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017198. The results indicate that the amount of protein extracted is significantly dependent on block age (p < 0.0001), with older blocks yielding less protein than newer blocks. Detergent removal plates were the most efficient and overall reproducible protein purification method with regard to number of peptide and protein identifications, followed by the MagReSyn® SP3/HILIC method (with on-bead enzymatic digestion), and lastly the acetone precipitation and formic acid resolubilization method. Overall, the results indicate that long-term storage of FFPE tissues (as measured by methionine oxidation) does not considerably interfere with retrospective proteomic analysis (p > 0.1). Block age mainly affects initial protein extraction yields and does not extensively impact on subsequent label-free LC-MS/MS analysis results.
Recent Advances in Chemical Biology of Mitochondria Targeting

Mitochondria are vital subcellular organelles that generate most cellular chemical energy, regulate cell metabolism and maintain cell function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is directly linked to numerous diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, thyroid squamous disease, cancer and septicemia. Thus, the design of specific mitochondria-targeting molecules and the realization of real-time acquisition of mitochondrial activity are powerful tools in the study and treatment of mitochondria dysfunction in related diseases. Recent advances in mitochondria-targeting agents have led to several important mitochondria chemical probes that offer the opportunity for selective targeting molecules, novel biological applications and therapeutic strategies. This review details the structural and physiological functional characteristics of mitochondria, and comprehensively summarizes and classifies mitochondria-targeting agents. In addition, their pros and cons and their related chemical biological applications are discussed. Finally, the potential biomedical applications of these agents are briefly prospected.
LncRNA PCIR Is an Oncogenic Driver via Strengthen the Binding of TAB3 and PABPC4 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) as the key regulators in all stages of tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report a lncRNA RP11-214F16.8, which renamed Lnc-PCIR, is upregulated and higher RNA level of Lnc-PCIR was positively correlated to the poor survival of patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues. Lnc-PCIR overexpression significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA transcriptome sequencing technology (RNA-seq) was performed to identify the associated proteins and related signaling pathways. Mechanistically, higher Lnc-PCIR level of blocks PABPC4 proteasome-dependent ubiquitination degradation; stable and highly expressed PABPC4 can further increase the stability of TAB3 mRNA, meanwhile, overexpression of Lnc-PCIR can disrupt the binding status of TAB3 and TAB2 which lead to activate the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway in TNBC cells. Our findings suggest that Lnc-PCIR promotes tumor growth and metastasis via up-regulating the mRNA/protein level of TAB3 and PABPC4, activating TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway in TNBC.
Fuelling the Engines of Liberation with Cleaner Cooking Fuel

Using the staggered roll-out of the Indonesian Conversion to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Programme, we show that a subsidy for the labourand time-saving cooking technology increased female labour force participation. The programme also increased household consumption expenditure and the decisionmaking power of women in the household, especially in financial matters. A backof-the-envelope calculation suggests that the benefits of switching to LPG far outweighed the costs to the households. Based on previous research, we conjecture that intra-household externalities and gender differences in preferences drive the low rates of adoption of cost-effective technology. The programme’s impact on the financial decision-making power of women suggests that subsidies which empower women, even if temporary, can encourage the adoption and sustained use of beneficial technology.
Microsoft Word-39700264-file00

Muscarinic cholinergic receptors modulate dopaminergic function in brain pathways thought to mediate cocaine’s abuse-related effects. Here we sought to confirm and extend in the mouse species findings that nonselective muscarinic receptor antagonists can enhance cocaine’s discriminative stimulus. More importantly, we tested the hypothesis that muscarinic receptor agonists with varied receptor subtype selectivity can blunt cocaine’s discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects; we hypothesized a critical role for the M1 and/or M4 receptor subtypes in this modulation. Mice were trained to discriminate cocaine from saline, or to self-administer intravenous cocaine chronically. The non-selective muscarinic antagonists scopolamine and methylscopolamine, the non-selective muscarinic agonists oxotremorine and pilocarpine, the M1/M4-preferring agonist xanomeline, the putative M1-selective agonist McN-A-343, and the novel M1-selective agonist TBPB were tested as substitution and/or pretreatment to cocaine. Both muscarinic antagonists partially substituted for cocaine and enhanced its discriminative stimulus. Conversely, muscarinic agonists blunted cocaine discrimination and abolished cocaine self-administration with varying effects on food-maintained behavior. Specifically, increasing selectivity for the M1 subtype (oxotremorine < xanomeline < TBPB) conferred lesser nonspecific rate-suppressing effects, with no rate suppression for TBPB. In mutant mice lacking M1 and M4 receptors, xanomeline failed to diminish cocaine discrimination while rate-decreasing effects were intact. Our data suggest that central M1 receptor activation attenuates cocaine’s abuse-related effects, while non-M1/M4 receptors likely contribute to undesirable effects of muscarinic stimulation. These data provide the first demonstration of anti-cocaine effects of systemically applied, M1 receptor agonists and suggest the possibility of a new approach to pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. JPET Fast Forward. Published on December 8, 2009 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109. 162057 at A PE T Jornals on M ay 2, 2021 jpet.asjournals. org D ow nladed from
A spectral approach to estimating the timescale-dependent uncertainty of paleoclimate records – Part 2: Application and interpretation

Abstract. Proxy climate records are an invaluable source of information about the earth's climate prior to the instrumental record. The temporal and spatial coverage of records continues to increase; however, these records of past climate are associated with significant uncertainties due to non-climate processes that influence the recorded and measured proxy values. Generally, these uncertainties are timescale dependent and correlated in time. Accounting for structure in the errors is essential for providing realistic error estimates for smoothed or stacked records, detecting anomalies, and identifying trends, but this structure is seldom accounted for. In the first of these companion articles, we outlined a theoretical framework for handling proxy uncertainties by deriving the power spectrum of proxy error components from which it is possible to obtain timescale-dependent error estimates. Here in Part 2, we demonstrate the practical application of this theoretical framework using the example of marine sediment cores. We consider how to obtain estimates for the required parameters and give examples of the application of this approach for typical marine sediment proxy records. Our new approach of estimating and providing timescale-dependent proxy errors overcomes the limitations of simplistic single-value error estimates. We aim to provide the conceptual basis for a more quantitative use of paleo-records for applications such as model–data comparison, regional and global synthesis of past climate states, and data assimilation.
Proteomics as another device in scientific sciences

The utilization of new advancements, like proteomics, allows the effective and reproducible examination, distinguishing proof and characterization of peptides and proteins from various organic and non-natural grids. This can help in the improvement of new biomarkers in the criminological sciences. Protein markers are exceptionally impervious to the progression of time and antagonistic natural conditions, and could give an expansive outline of the physiological status of the subjects.
Energy Efficiency and Indoor Air Quality of Seminar Rooms in Older Buildings With and Without Mechanical Ventilation Energieeffizienz und Raumluftqualität von Seminarräumen im Altbau mit und ohne mechanische Belüftung

The present paper reports on an experimental study performed in a seminar room of the University of Luxembourg in a building of the 1970ies without a major renovation. This lecture room is typical for this building period and has a capacity of 60 seats. It is equipped with a mechanical ventilation system that is normally in operation on workdays for 11 hours a day in semester periods (8:00-19:00h), while windows can be opened manually. A Blower-Door-Test revealed that the room is not airtight. During a year, the ventilation system was shut “on” and “off” in periods of some weeks and the consumed finalenergy was measured, as well as the indoor climate assessed by physical and psychological measurements. For instance, the measured CO2 concentrations are marginally better with the ventilation system "on", which was not perceived in any way by the occupants during the investigations. It was not possible to properly identify the impact of ventilation on the consumed heat-energy, as the room could not be thermally separated from the rest of the building. But with the system “on” there was a clear increase in consumed primary energy due to the electric consumption of the fans. No relationship between the perceived percentage of dissatisfied and perceived climate could be observed. It is concluded that the typical normal operation modus is questionable for seminar rooms in older buildings with variable occupancy and that a simple shut down or semi-automatic user controlled modus by lowcost retrofit seems advantageous.
Twin Polynomials and Kernels Matrix

Polynomials and matrices have played a very important role in the development of different branches of mathematics. Indeed, several mathematicians have introduced classical polynomials very useful for the scientific community such as the Lagrange’s interpolation polynomials, the Chebyshev’s polynomials and the Bernstein’s polynomials [1,2]. Also, there is a strong link between polynomials and matrices through the notions of the determinant, the characteristic polynomial and the minimal polynomial. Similarly, we will introduce in this article two polynomials which we will call twin polynomials as well as a matrix called kernels matrix. Finally, we will present some applications such as the resolution of recurrent sequences with second member and the establishment of several sum formulas.
Exploring the Aspects of Rework in Global Software Development

Global software development (GSD) is a software development setting in which practitioners residing in different countries work together as a team to accomplish a software project. This paradigm is rapidly adopted by numerous software companies in order to reduce cost and time. However, these cost savings are seldom achieved due to geographical, temporal, socio-cultural and linguistic distances. These distances often cause misinterpretations and conflicting perceptions about the product to be built and often induce lots of rework. Excessive rework significantly increases risk of project failure. However, little research has been conducted on the aspects of rework in GSD. In order to reduce rework in GSD, aspects of rework need to be conceptualized. Also, cost associated with rework need to be measured. Thus, in this paper rework cycle and its associated drivers are proposed for GSD setting. A metric is also proposed to calculate cost of rework in GSD. The research work has also been validated through industrial survey.
The Winged Helix Transcription Factor Foxa 3 Regulates 1 Adipocyte Differentiation and Depot-Selective Fat Tissue 2 Expansion 3 4

4 Lingyan Xu, Valentine Panel, Xinran Ma, Chen Du, Lynne Hugendubler, 5 Oksana Gavrilova, Alice Liu, Tracey McLaughlin, Klaus H. Kaestner and 6 Elisabetta Mueller 7 8 Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive 9 and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, Mouse 10 Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney 11 Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Division of 12 Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, 13 California, USA; Department of Genetics and Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and 14 Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 15 USA 16 17 These authors contributed equally to this work 18 Address correspondence to Elisabetta Mueller, elisabettam@niddk.nih. gov 19 Running title: Foxa3 in Adipogenesis and Visceral Obesity 20
Determinants of Real Private Consumption Expenditure in Lesotho

Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration, an error correction model (ECM) is estimated for real private domestic consumption in Lesotho. Lesotho is one of a number of countries with low gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, that are landlocked and of which the national currency is pegged to that of a highly dominant trading partner. Analysis of consumption pattern in such countries is scant in the literature. This paper finds evidence of a long-run relationship between private consumption, income, interest rates, and inflation. The empirical findings suggest that higher income is associated with higher private consumption, higher inflation reduces private consumption and that higher interest rates reduce private consumption, implying that the substitution effect outweighs the income effect in Lesotho in the long term. Although the model is not designed to evaluate consumption theories, the estimated parameters to some extent support the absolute income hypothesis (AIH), relative income hypothesis (RIH), life-cycle hypothesis (LCH) and permanent income hypothesis (PIH).
The Welfare Cost of Beijing’s Lottery Policy: Evidence from a Contingent Valuation Survey

Abstract Motivated by traffic congestion and air pollution, Beijing is one of several major cities to restrict vehicle ownership by requiring residents to win a lottery for the right to obtain an additional car. We examine the welfare cost of preventing people from owning cars because of misallocation: under a lottery, some individuals with low willingness to pay (WTP) for cars can obtain cars, while other individuals with high WTP cannot. We estimate welfare costs using a new contingent valuation method survey of Beijing lottery participants which we designed and conducted explicitly for this purpose. We find that restricting vehicle ownership reduced private welfare by 26 billion yuan. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that the benefits of lower congestion and pollution roughly equal the costs. Our WTP estimates indicate a net welfare gain of approximately 32 billion yuan if Beijing’s lottery were replaced with an auction, which is similar to previous estimates.
Attribute based Encryption in Cloud Computing – A Review

Emerge of cloud computing technology over the world has caused a revolution in internet. The virtual usage of platform, infrastructure and software over cloud has provided an environment where the user can store and run the application from anywhere. This has led to think about security over data stored over cloud. In this paper, Attribute Based Keyword Search over encrypted data in cloud are discussed which provides security over searching of data based on keyword.
A GEOMETRY-DRIVEN LONGITUDINAL TOPIC MODEL

A simple and scalable framework for longitudinal analysis of Twitter data is developed that combines latent topic models with computational geometric methods. Dimensionality reduction tools from computational geometry are applied to learn the intrinsic manifold on which the latent, temporal topics reside. Then shortest path distances on the manifold are used to link together these topics. The proposed framework permits visualization of the low-dimensional embedding, which provides clear interpretation of the complex, high-dimensional trajectories that may exist among latent topics. Practical application of the proposed framework is demonstrated through its ability to capture and eﬀectively visualize natural progression of latent COVID-19–related topics learned from Twitter data. Interpretability of the trajectories is achieved by comparing to real-world events. In addition, the framework permits study of spatial variation in Twitter behavior for learned topics. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed framework is able to capture granular-level impact of COVID-19 on public discussions. We end by arguing that Twitter data, when analyzed within the proposed framework, can serve as a valuable supplementary data stream for COVID-related studies.
Study the population dynamics of jasmine eriophyid mite, Aceria jasmini in Jasminum auiculatum

Studies on the population dynamics of Aceria jasmini were conducted at different temperatures 15, 25, 34.1, 40, 45 °C with relative humidity 55 per cent under the laboratory condition in leaf disc method at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. Both high and low temperatures had direct effect on the mortality of the three developmental stages of Aceria jasmini. One hundred per cent egg mortality was occurred at 15 °C and 45 °C followed by 94.92 per cent mortality at 40 °C while the lowest egg mortality of 9.14 per cent was recorded at room temperature (34.1 °C). Absolutely, mortality was lowest at normal room temperature and highest at lower and higher temperatures viz., 15, 40 and 45 °C.
Image Denoising of Low-Electron-Dose Transmission Electron Microscopy

Atomic resolution images of weakly-bonded and reactive materials with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) necessitates lower electron dose and short acquisition time to avoid beam damage. However, lowering the electron dose results in noisy micrographs. In this paper, we first analyze the noise pattern of low-electron-dose images at different total doses, and further explore and compare the denoising methods for low-electron-dose images. We find that at low electron doses below 5 e/Å, the noise can be described with Poisson distributions, while for electron dose above 25 e/Å, the noise follows a Gaussian distribution. Simple spatial filters used in traditional TEM denoise, such as median filters, Weiner filters, Gaussian filters, and non-local detection-based methods, such as non-local means (NLM) and its variants were explored on both simulated noisy images and real low-electron-dose image. We find that block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) outperforms other methods in both simulated and real noisy TEM images, however there might be unrealistic features generated. The tradeoff between denoise and unrealistic feature should be balanced.