Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Binding Sites for Bacterial Flagella at the Surface of the Soil Amoeba Acanthamoeba

Acanthamoeba castellanii (CCAP 1534/3) was found to bind avidly the common soil bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. This adhesion was mediated not by pili nor by the general bacterial surface but by the polar flagella. Because of the nature of the flagellar rotary motor, the cell bodies of the attached bacteria could be seen rotating clearly. While initially bacterial binding occurred uniformly over the cell membrane of Acanthamoeba. the bacteria were soon swept posteriorly to form a cap and either endocytosed or sloughed off, still agglutinated by their flagella. Such capped amoebae would not bind Pseudomonas if challenged immediately, indicating a depletion of flagella-binding sites. The bacteria could not bind to amoebae pre-treated with concanavalin A (Con A) even after the lectin had been capped to the uroid. However, capping of flagella-binding sites did not co-cap all the Con A-binding sites on the surface of the amoeba. The flagella-binding sites were not affected by pre-treatment with Pronase (1 mg ml-1) or znti-Acanthamoeba surface antibody. Proteus mirabilis also bound avidly by its flagella to Acanthamoeba and, furthermore, competition experiments suggested that Proteus and Pseudomonas adhere to a common surface site on the amoeba. The presence of sites on the cell membrane of A. castellanii that are specific for flagellin would enhance strongly the adsorption of motile bacteria prior to endocytosis. This would represent an excellent feeding strategy for a soil-dwelling phagotroph.
On the dynamics of farm size distribution in Finland

This study attempts to explain why farm structure in Finland is what it is. The static aspects of size distribution are summarised by means of log-normal distribution and tested with respect to data on more than 500 communes for years 1959 and 1969. As to the dynamic aspects, despite some correlation between percentage growth and size at the beginning of the time period and which is believed to be partly spurious, the observed phenomena do not seem to be incompatible with the proposed version of law of proportionate effect. The latter need not be observed at every point in time.
Liquidity and the drivers of search, due diligence and transaction times for UK commercial real estate investments

Trading commercial real estate involves a process of exchange that is costly and which occurs over an extended and uncertain period of time. This has consequences for the performance and risk of real estate investments. Most research on transaction times has occurred for residential rather than commercial real estate. We study the time taken to transact commercial real estate assets in the UK using a sample of 578 transactions over the period 2004–2013. We measure average time to transact from a buyer and seller perspective, distinguishing the search and due diligence phases of the process, and we conduct econometric analysis to explain variation in due diligence times between assets. The median time for purchase of real estate from introduction to completion was 104 days and the median time for sale from marketing to completion was 135 days. There is considerable variation around these times and results suggest that some of this variation is related to market state, type and quality of asset, and type of participants involved in the transaction. Our findings shed light on the drivers of liquidity at an individual asset level and can inform models that quantify the impact of uncertain time on market on real estate investment risk.
Mode I Stress Intensity Factors for Slanted Cracks in Round Bars

This paper presents numerical study on the stress intensity factors (SIF) for slanted surface crack subjected to mode I loading. Tremendous amount of works can be found in discussing the normal crack under various types of loadings. According to literature survey, there is no significant information on the SIFs for slanted cracks available. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop the slanted numerical crack model using ANSYS finite element program and to analyze the behavior of various type of geometries of slanted cracks. Since no SIFs for slanted cracks are available, then the present model is compared with the previous normal crack for the validation purposes. It is found that the present model is well agreed with the existing model. Several important parameters are used; crack aspect ratio, a/b, relative crack depth, a/D and slanted angle, . It is realized that such parameters played important roles in determining the SIFs where if a/b and a/D are increased, the SIFs are also increased. When the slanted angles are introduced, the SIFs decreased when compared with the normal cracks. Instead of mode I SIF, mode II are also induced and therefore affecting the structural reliability. However, mode II SIF is relatively insignificant compared with mode I SIF
Analysis of the Brylinski-Kostant Model for Spherical Minimal Representations

Abstract We revisit with another view point the construction by R. Brylinski and B. Kostant of minimal representations of simple Lie groups. We start from a pair $\left( V,\,Q \right)$ , where $V$ is a complex vector space and $Q$ a homogeneous polynomial of degree 4 on $V$ . The manifold $\Xi $ is an orbit of a covering of Conf $\left( V,\,Q \right)$ , the conformal group of the pair $\left( V,\,Q \right)$ , in a finite dimensional representation space. By a generalized Kantor-Koecher-Tits construction we obtain a complex simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ , and furthermore a real form ${{\mathfrak{g}}_{\mathbb{R}}}$ . The connected and simply connected Lie group ${{G}_{\mathbb{R}}}$ with $\text{Lie}\left( {{G}_{\mathbb{R}}} \right)\,=\,{{\mathfrak{g}}_{\mathbb{R}}}$ acts unitarily on a Hilbert space of holomorphic functions defined on the manifold $\Xi $ .
Sensitivity of N2 fixation to combined nitrogen forms (NO3- and NH4+) in two strains of the marine diazotroph Crocosphaera watsonii (cyanobacteria)

Despite the increasing recognition of the biogeochemical importance of marine unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria, the environmental factors controlling their distribution and activity in the ocean are still very poorly understood. In particular, very few studies have considered the effect of combined nitrogen (N) on unicellular diazotroph activity, although their presence has been reported in surface waters exhibiting micromolar concentrations of dissolved in organic nitrogen (DIN). Here, we studied the effect of nitrate (NO3) and ammonium (NH4) ad ditions (0.2 to 10 μmol l−1) on N2 fixation and N uptake in 2 strains of Crocosphaera watsonii (WH8501 and WH0003) maintained in batch cultures in an N-free medium (YBC II) and a 12 h light:12 h dark cycle. Compared with the untreated control, increasing concentrations of NH4 to 10 μmol l−1 rapidly inhibited night-integrated N2 fixation by up to 36 and 83% for WH8501 and WH0003, respectively. In contrast, night-integrated N2 fixation was not significantly inhibited at any NO3 concentration. These results contrast with data obtained on Trichodesmium spp. (Cyano bacteria) in which night-integrated N2 fixation is inhibited up to 50% at the same NO3 concentrations. This study indicates that C. watsonii is able to take up combined nitrogen while keeping its ability to fix dinitrogen at high rates.
Tunable Coplanar Waveguide Microwave Devices on Ferromagnetic Nanowires

Ferromagnetic nanowires (FMNW) in porous alumina template are excellent candidates for monolithic integrated microwave devices that can be tuned by material properties and also by externally applied magnetic field. We designed, fabricated and characterized coplanar waveguide (CPW) structures on FMNW substrates. Ni and Co nanowires are grown by electrodeposition method and their surface morphology is determined using scanning electron microscope. We observed that operational frequency of Ni nanowire based band stop filter increases linearly with applied magnetic field and has very wide frequency tunability. Complex microwave permeability is calculated from the observed transmission response.
Genetic and Phenotypic Trends of Fertility Traits in

The effectiveness of any animal breeding program is measured by the obtained genetic progress. Estimating genetic and environmental trends in a population allows the assessment of the effectiveness of the selection procedure and gives the opportunity for monitoring management conditions. It also supplies the animal breeder with essential information to develop more successful programs in the future (Hallowell et al. 1998). Fertility is one of the most economically important traits in dairy cattle industry. Before the 1990 most attention of dairy cattle breeding programs were focused on milk production. Since the negative genetic relationship exist between milk production and fertility this caused decline in fertility performance of Holstein dairy cow (Rauw, 1998). This decline in female fertility performance can increase inseminations cost, veterinary cost and culling rate. Therefore, in current decades in many breeding programs fertility traits have been included. But the heritabilities of fertility traits are low, ranging from 0.01 to 0.1, that leads to slow improvement in fertility performance (González-Recio et al. 2005; Ghiasi et al. 2011). The dairy cattle population in Iran has undergone a strong selection for milk production. Iranian Holstein breeders have been using semen from dairy bulls sourced mainly from north American Holstein sire, especially USA and Canada. This strategy has caused a considerable increase in milk yield, for example, Razmkabir et al. (2006) reported in Iranian Holstein population from 1987 to 2004, genetic trend in milk yield was 33.84 ± 2.10 kg, for fat yield 0.64 ± 0.05 kg and for protein yield it was 1.00 ± 0.08 kg. Ansari-Lari et al. (2010) reported that by increasing 100 kg in milk A total of 72124 fertility records was used to estimate the genetic and phenotypic trend of fertility traits in Iranian Holstein cow from 1981 to 2007. Fertility traits in this study were: days from calving to first service (DFS), number of insemination per conception (INS), days open (DO), interval between first and last insemination (IFL), calving interval (CI) and success to first insemination (SF). The overall genetic trend in fertility traits was as desired and statistically significant. Mean breeding value of SF increase by 0.00067 percent per year. The annual genetic trends for INS, DFS, IFL, CI and DO were -0.0029 number/year, 0.062 days/year, -0.041 days/year, -0.23 days/year and -0.24 days/year, respectively. Phenotypes trends for fertility traits were unfavorable except for DFS and DO. Phenotypic trends in IFL, INS and SF were as undesirable positive. Phenotypically DO and CI did not change over the time period. Phenotypically IFL has increased 1.6 days/year and DFS has decreased 1.6 days/year. The annual phenotypic trends for INS and SF were 0.04 and -0.018, respectively.
Searches for new physics in lepton+jet final states in ATLAS and CMS

The most recent results on searches in lepton plus jet final states motivated bydifferent models beyond the standard model are presented, using pp collision datacollected by the ATLAS and CMS detectors during Run I and Run II at theCERN LHC. Leptoquarks and heavy Majorana neutrinos that arise in theleft-right model are looked for in the final states with two leptons and two jets( ll + jj, l = e, mu, tau ). Heavy Majorana neutrinos are further investigated byrelying on a composite-fermion scenario, considering two leptons and onelarge-radius jet ( ll + J, l = e, mu), and in the context of a model with Type-1seesaw mechanism, requiring two same-sign leptons plus dijet( ll + jj, l,l = e, mu). Finally, models of microscopic black holes with two to sixextra dimensions are tested by analysing the channels with at least one leptonand two additional jets ( l + jj, l = e, mu). In all the searches, the observed dataare in good agreement with the standard model prediction and 95pct confidencelevel upper limits are set on the parameters of different models. Presented at LHCP2017 5th Large Hadron Collider Physics Conference 2017 Proceedings of the Fifth Annual LHCP
Six-to-One Gets the Job Done: Comments on the Reviews

We are pleased to note that six of the seven responses to our article were marked by approval, and/or thoughtful contemplation, regarding our central theses—that the research said to support biological causation of mental disorders is relatively weak, and that the claims of drug effectiveness are often overstated. Richard F. Rakos (2006) put forth an interesting hypothesis—a belief in agency (free will) may be genetically determined because it has survival value. A sense of autonomy may function as a powerful primary reinforcer. As Rakos put it, this belief seems unshaken by logic or evidence, an observation with which it is difficult to disagree. On reflection, however, one must account for the fact that humans are quite often eager to abandon agency, such as when they engage in inappropriate, illegal, unethical or otherwise maladaptive behavior. On such occasions humans are often quick to blame external factors (“The dog ate my homework”), rather than themselves. Perhaps what is born into us is a gene for adoption of any position that is self-serving. Rakos has thoughtfully analyzed the human tendency to attribute free will in doses that correspond to functional level. The developmentally disabled are seen as more appropriate targets for behavioral techniques because they are seen as possessing less free will than those who function at a higher level. Rakos takes note of the powerful influence of the pharmaceutical industry and asks what is to become of behavior analysis in a society that is moving closer to Brave New World than to Walden Two. He suggests that the nonscientific manner in which syndromes are selected for inclusion in the DSM is not widely known, and adds that now may be a good time for behavior analysts to work toward a new system of diagnostic classification based upon functionally-defined problems. We agree, but remain somewhat pessimistic due to the enormous power of the psychiatry and pharmaceutical industries that likely will strongly resist such a move. At any rate Rakos recognizes that we have presented, “. compelling reasons for behavior analysts to incorporate political activity into our role definition. ”
Experimental Study of Threshold Voltage Fluctuation Due to Statistical Variation of Channel Dopant Number in MOS FETs

Tomohisa Mizuno, Jun-ichi Okamura and Akira Toriumi, “Experimental Study of Threshold Voltage Fluctuation Due to Statistical Variation of Channel Dopant Number in MOS FETs, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 41 No. 11, Nov. 1994, pp. 2216–2221. * Xinghai Tang, Vivek K. De and James D. Meindl. , “Intrinsic MOSFET Parameter Fluctuations Due to Random Dopanat Placement. ” IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Inte gration (vlsi) Systems, vol. 5, No. 4, Dec. 1997, pp. 369. 376. * T. Mizuno et al., “Experimental Study of Threshold Voltage Fluctuation Due to Statistical Variation of Channel Dopant Number in MOSFETs, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 41, No. 11, Nov. 1994, pp. 2216–2221. * X. Tang et al., “Intrinsic MOSFET Parameter Fluctuations Due to Random Dopant Placement. ” IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems, vol. 5, No. 4, Dec. 1997, pp. 369-376. *
Ultraviolet spectra for Boo (HD 125162) computed with H2 opacities and Lyman- H{H and H{H + opacities

New opacity distribution functions (ODF) have been computed for use with the ATLAS9 model atmosphere code of Kurucz. One of the improvements upon the Kurucz (1990) ODFs is the addition to the line blanketing of the Lyman- H{H and H{H + quasi-molecular absorptions near 1600 A and 1400 A. New-ODF fluxes are expected to reproduce the ultraviolet observations of Boo stars and metal-poor A-type stars in a more realistic way than previous computations did. In this paper we compare low- and high-resolution IUE observations of Boo (HD 125162, HR 5351) with fluxes and synthetic spectra based on ATLAS9 models and new-ODFs, which were computed for (M=H) = 2:0 for all the elements, except CNO. For C, N, and O, abundances log(Nelem=Ntot) equal to 3.85, 3.99, and 3.11, respectively, were adopted. We selected Boo in order to compare results from the new-ODFs with those from Allard et al. (1998a, 1998b), who tested their semi-classical computations of the H{H and H{H + quasi-molecular absorptions on this star. The analysis of the IUE high-resolution spectrum has shown that lines of H2 are a very important source of line opacity for Boo shortward 1600 A. When both atomic and molecular lines are considered, the slope of the observed energy distribution is well reproduced in the whole region 1300{3000 A by the new-ODF model, but the H{H quasi-molecular absorption at 1600 A is computed about 10% too strong. The t of the low-resolution IUE image SWP17872 to a small grid of new-ODF models gives parameters Te = 8650 K, log g =4 :0, while the t of the high-resolution image SWP42081, rebinned at the low resolution wavelength step size, gives parameters Te = 8500 K, log g =4 :0. These last parameters are in close agreement with Te = 8550 K, log g =4 :1 obtained by tting the visible energy distribution. The dierent IUE images are discussed.
Angelos Dassios Quantiles of Lévy processes and applications in finance . Working paper

This paper provides a survey of results on the quantiles of a Brownian motion with drift as well as a general Lévy process. The motivation is to calculate the price of related financial options. At the end of the paper some new results on variability orderings between various quantities associated with path dependent and European options are presented. This survey is not exhaustive, but intends to provide a flavour of research carried out in the area. 1 Path dependent options A path dependent (look-back) option is a statistic which is a functional of the path of the stochastic process (Y (t), t≥ 0) that denotes the price of an underlying asset. Pricing such options involves calculating E∗(h(V (t2)) F F t1), where the expectation is calculated under a changed measure, h is a known function, 0 ≤ t1 < t2 are fixed times, F t is the filtration generated by Y (t) and V (t) is an F tmeasurable process. For example the price of a call option of this kind would be e−r(t2−t1)E∗ ( (V (t2)− b) F F t1)= e−r(t2−t1)E∗(max (V (t2)− b, 0) F F t1). There is also the possibility of a floating-strike call that has price e−r(t2−t1)E∗ ( (X(t2)− V (t2)) F F t1)= e−r(t2−t1)E∗(max (X(t2)−V (t2), 0) F F t1). 1 One can similarly write down the prices for put and other types of options. From now on we will drop the distinction between the physical measure and the riskneutral valuation equivalent measure. We will assume that it just changes the values of the parameters but not the structure of the price process. This is true when the price follows a geometric Brownian motion and the market is complete. We will also for simplicity set t1 =0 and concentrate on the calculation of E ( (V (t)− b) ) (1) and E ( (Y (t)−V (t)) ) . (2) These clearly require obtaining the distribution of V (t) and in the second case the joint distribution of V (t) and X(t). We will denote the price process as Y (t) = Y (0)exp (X(t)); X(t) is therefore playing the role of the logarithm of the price and follows a Brownian motion with drift in the classical case. Here are some examples. 1. Arithmetic average options, where V (t) = ∫ 0 t Y (s)d s t are also called Asian options. 2. It is mathematically simpler to look at the geometric average option. In this case, V (t) =Y (0)exp ( ∫
Kesan penambahan Eucheuma spinosum dan ekstrakan karaginan separa tulennya ke atas ciri-ciri pempesan beberapa jenis kanji

ajian terhadap kesan penambahan serbuk rumpai laut (SRL) Eucheuma spinosum dan ekstrakan karaginan separa tulennya (KST) ke atas ciri-ciri pempesan beberapa jenis kanji (kanji jagung, ubi kentang dan ubi kayu) telah dijalankan. SRL disediakan dari rumpai laut Eucheuma spinosum kering dengan pengisaran dan hasil perolehan dalam lingkungan 80.7-84.6% diperolehi. KST diekstrak terus dari rumpai laut Eucheuma spinosum dengan perlakuan larutan alkali panas pada suhu 80Â°C selama 1 jam. Hasil perolehan dalam lingkungan 4.5-5.1 % telah diperolehi daripada pengekstrakan tersebut. Ekstrakan karaginan separa tulen dikenalpasti dengan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) dan didapati terdiri daripada iota-karaginan. Kewujudan puncak penyerapan pada 972.90cm-1 membezakan SRL dengan KSTnya. Kandungan amilosa bagi kanji jagung, ubi kentang dan ubi kayu adalah masing-masing 25.91 Â± 0.73%, 21.01 Â± 0.57% and 10.25 Â± 0.11 %. Darjah retrogradasi adalah mengikut turutan kanji jagung > kanji ubi kentang > kanji ubi kayu. Perubahan nyata (p kanji jagung > kanji ubi kayu. Puncak kelikatan dan breakdown bagi kanji ubi kentang jatuh mendadak (p<0.05) dengan kehadiran SRL atau KSTnya. Ini disebabkan interaksi antara cas negatif pada KST dengan kumpulan fosforus pada kanji ubi kentang. Kewujudan dua puncak kelikatan diperhatikan dalam kanji ubi kentang dengan kehadiran 1-10% SRL atau 1-2% KSTnya. Pemerhatian mikroskopik menunjukkan puncak pertama disebabkan pengelatinan kanji manakala puncak kedua disebabkan oleh kesan pemekatan oleh SRL atau KSTnya.
Using Stereo Vision to Provide a Vision-Based Augmented Reality System

There are two main challenges in designing an AR system for being used in medical application, firstly the robustness of the recognition (real time), and, secondly, the precision of the measurement. The robustness of the recognition depends on the detection algorithm and the design of the pattern placed on the surgical positions. The precision of the measurement was addressed by a very accurate detection algorithm and high precision custom calibration of the camera. We are developing a vision-based AR system which uses a stereo camera in order to obtain depth information. In this system, we use circular passive markers with radius r=1.5 cm which need no external energy source. The precision of the measurement has been estimated about 0.685 mm rms across a field of view up to 94 cm in depth. Moreover, portions of the marker region hidden by smudges or occlusions are disregarded, with no significant impact on accuracy.
Faster algorithms for matrix scaling and balancing via convex optimization

In this thesis, we study matrix scaling and balancing, which are fundamental problems in scientific computing, with a long line of work on them that dates back to the 1960s. We provide algorithms for both these problems that, ignoring logarithmic factors involving the dimension of the input matrix and the size of its entries, both run in time 6(m log K log 2 (1/E)) where e is the amount of error we are willing to tolerate. Here, K represents the ratio between the largest and the smallest entries of the optimal scalings. This implies that our algorithms run in nearly-linear time whenever K is quasi-polynomial, which includes, in particular, the case of strictly positive matrices. We complement our results by providing a separate algorithm that uses an interior-point method and runs in time O(m 3/2(log log K + log(1/E))), which becomes O(m 3 / 2 log(1/)) for the case of matrix balancing and the doubly-stochastic variant of matrix scaling. In order to establish these results, we develop a new second-order optimization framework that enables us to treat both problems in a unified and principled manner. This framework identifies a certain generalization of linear system solving which we can use to efficiently minimize a broad class of functions, which we call second-order robust. We then show that in the context of the specific functions capturing matrix scaling and balancing, we can leverage and generalize the work on Laplacian system solving to make the algorithms obtained via this framework very efficient. This thesis is based on joint work with Michael B. Cohen, Aleksander Mqdry, and Adrian Vladu. Thesis Supervisor: Aleksander Mqdry Title: Assistant Professor