Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential diagnosis and clinical management of diastolic heart failure: current best practice

php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology 2016:7 117–135 Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology Dovepress
Atmospheric new particle formation at the research station Melpitz, Germany: connection with gaseous precursors and meteorological parameters

Abstract. This paper revisits the atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) process in the polluted Central European troposphere, focusing on the connection with gas-phase precursors and meteorological parameters. Observations were made at the research station Melpitz (former East Germany) between 2008 and 2011 involving a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS). Particle formation events were classified by a new automated method based on the convolution integral of particle number concentration in the diameter interval 2–20 nm . To study the relevance of gaseous sulfuric acid as a precursor for nucleation, a proxy was derived on the basis of direct measurements during a 1-month campaign in May 2008. As a major result, the number concentration of freshly produced particles correlated significantly with the concentration of sulfur dioxide as the main precursor of sulfuric acid. The condensation sink, a factor potentially inhibiting NPF events, played a subordinate role only. The same held for experimentally determined ammonia concentrations. The analysis of meteorological parameters confirmed the absolute need for solar radiation to induce NPF events and demonstrated the presence of significant turbulence during those events. Due to its tight correlation with solar radiation, however, an independent effect of turbulence for NPF could not be established. Based on the diurnal evolution of aerosol, gas-phase, and meteorological parameters near the ground, we further conclude that the particle formation process is likely to start in elevated parts of the boundary layer rather than near ground level.
The scleractinian corals: a perspective

Though scientific interest in scleractinian corals originated in the 16th century, the knowledge base continues to grow and is far from complete. The progress of the research on these organisms is represented here as an exponential process and its history may be divided into three periods. In the beginning, Plant period (1576-1727), these organisms were interpreted as plants. The Animal period (1727-2007) brought in their consideration as animals and includes three phases that introduce new research approaches (phase 1: variability, microstructure, transplantation; phase 2: multiple skeletal characters, global spatial and temporal attention; phase 3: life history, molecular biology). Recently, the number of sources of scleractinian knowledge has increased to five: morphology, paleobiology, ecology, life history and molecular biology. Scleractinian corals are no longer considered alone but as holobionts, along with their symbiotic zooxanthallae and other associated microbiota. The accumulated multidisciplinary data and new integrative concepts urge a holistic interpretation and have been indicating (since 2007) the commencement of the present, Holistic period. This analysis of the current status of scleractinian knowledge provides a list of proposed directions for future research.
Laser re-scanning strategy in selective laser melting for part quality enhancement : a review

The selective laser melting (SLM) process is a powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process that can produce near full-density parts for many high value applications in research and industry. Due to the use of laser, the laser re-scanning strategy (LRS) can be employed in SLM. LRS can be defined as the scanning strategy one pass under normal scanning circumstances). The laser re-scan can be of any extent, e.g. point, contour, or area. This comprehensive review covers the applications of LRS to enhance bulk properties, improve surface quality, relieve residual stresses, minimize LRS are also discussed.
Polyethylene Thin Film Coating Preventing the Degradation of Natural Rubber

In this research, liquid natural rubber (LNR) was directly mixed with polyethylene (PE) and was compressed at 150 o C. The PE was then separated and migrated to form a thin film on the rubber surface during the vulcanization process. The tensile properties of composite film were rising with increasing the PE contents from 15 to 150 phr as well as the ozone aging properties. The surface topography of the composite film was examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and was found that the PE form lamellar crystallites on the rubber interface after ozone treatment. The effect of PE on NR cross-linking was also investigated using S K-edge XANES Spectroscopy.
Characterization of Local Algerian Population of Rabbit: Factors Influencing Fetal and Placental Development

The objective of our work was to study the effect of parity the parity of the does, the intra uterine position and vascularization of the fetuses and their number per horn on, available uterine space and placentae development in the rabbit at two stages (nulliparous and primiparous). To this aim, twenty rabbit does of locally Algerian population were distributed in two groups of 10 each (nulliparous and primiparous). The does were mated and slaughtered on 24 th day of gestation. In the group of fetuses receiving poor blood supply (? 4 blood vessels), the individual weight and the crown-rump were lower (- 24.4 and - 12.6% respectively; p < 0.05) compared to those with higher number of blood vessels (? 5). The intra uterine position affects significantly the individual weight of maternal placenta and the heavier one was located in the oviduct. Significant interaction between parity and the number of blood vessels was recorded for the individual weight of fetal placenta (p < 0.05). Available uterine space was lower in the primiparous, in the middle position and in the class of fetuses with lower blood supply. In primiparous, the horns with 5 or 6 fetuses presented a better vascularization than those with the same number in nulliparous (+25%). The fetal weight and crown-rump decreased when the number of fetus per horn increased (p<0.05). A significant interaction was recorded between the parity and the number of fetus per horn for the weight of maternal placenta (+ 15% and + 30% respectively in the horn within 3 or 5 fetuses in nulliparous; p < 0.05). Available uterine space was greater in nulliparous compared to the primiparous and decreased when the number of fetus per horn increased. These results suggest that available uterine space and fetal development at 24 th of pregnancy are affected respectively by parity of the rabbit and the vascularization of the implantation site.
Slow the spread: a national program to manage the gypsy moth.

The gypsy moth is a destructive, nonindigenous pest of forest, shade, and fruit trees that was introduced into the United States in 1869, and is currently established throughout the Northeast and upper Midwest. The Slow the Spread Program is a regional integrated pest management strategy that aims to minimize the rate of gypsy moth spread into uninfested areas. The premise of the Slow the Spread Program is to deploy extensive grids of pheromone-baited traps (>100,000 traps per year) along the expanding population front to identify and subsequently eradicate newly establishing populations to prevent them from growing, coalescing, and contributing to the progression of the population front. This report provides a brief history of the gypsy moth in North America, describes the dynamics of gypsy moth spread, and then details the technological and operational aspects of implementing the Slow the Spread Program.
Development of Data Analytics Tools for Acoustic Measurement of Positive Displacement Machines

Noise control is an important factor in evaluating the design of positive displacement machines. This research project aims to develop new tools in MATLAB, with emphasis on visual approaches, to comprehensively characterize the noise generated by positive displacement machines in spatial, temporal and frequency domains. Sound pressure level (SPL), sound intensity level (SIL) and loudness were calculated and plotted on a measurement surface surrounding the pump, which illustrates the spatial distribution of the sound field. In order to highlight the phenomenon within specific frequency bands, Butterworth filters were used to isolate desired frequencies, such that specific harmonic content or 1/3 Octave bands content can be analyzed. In addition to static visualization methods, videos were created by compressing a series of sphere plots in time to illustrate the dynamic characteristics of the measured sound. Corresponding phase plots were generated at the same time to statically illustrate these dynamic characteristics shown on videos. The successful generation of the various methods of characterizing and visualizing pumps generated noise was evaluated on a large sample set of more than 150 measure grids with nearly 30000 individual microphone measurements. The creation of these analytics has already changed the conversation and challenged the state of the art in hydraulic Noise Vibration and Harshness (NVH).
Effects of using commercial GLOBACID® acidifier supplementation on growth performance and some haematological parameters in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).

This study was planned to investigate the effect of using commercial GLOBACID on performance and some haematological parameters in Japanese quail. A total of 180 one day old quail chicks with an average weight of 17.44 g were divided into five treatment s and were further subdivided into 3 replicates. The birds were either treated with no GLOBACID (control) or treated with 0.5 kg/ton (S1), 1 kg/ton (S2) and 1.5 kg/ton (S3) and 2 kg/ton (S4) GLOBACID. The live body weight gains and feed consumption of birds were measured individually. Feed conversion efficiency was calculated weekly. At the end of the trial, 4 birds from each replicate were slaughtered and some blood samples were taken for haematological parameters. The performance data showed no significant effect between the control and treated groups expect carcass yield which increased significantly in S2 and S4. Triglyceride decreased significantly in S1 and S2. It was concluded that using commercial GLOBACID® had some beneficial effects in Japanese quail.
ffects of S peech Rate on VOT for Initial Plosives and Click Accompaniments in Zulu

Cross-linguistic studies of acoustic correlates have shown that for phonological voicing distinctions (e.g., voiced/voiceless, aspirated/unaspirated, some ejective/non-ejective) there are ranges of values for voice onset time (henceforth VOT) that are associated with those distinctions (Stevens 1989, VanDam 2007, Lisker & Abramson 1964, Miller et al. 1983, Hodgson & Miller 1996, Volaitis & Miller 1992, Cho & Ladefoged 1999). VOT is the interval from the release of a plosive (burst) to the beginning of glottal excitation. There are three VOT categories: pre-voiced (negative VOT), short-lag (short positive VOT), and long-lag (long positive VOT). VOT varies with place of articulation (henceforth POA): the farther back the closure the longer the VOT (Fischer-Jørgenson 1954, Peterson & Lehiste 1960), but other factors including prosodic context, lexical frequency, speaker variability, and speech rate can affect VOT ranges (Miller et al. 1983, Kessinger & Blumstein 1997, Miller 1977, Miller & Baer 1983, VanDam & Port 2003; 2005, Theodore et al. 2007).
Use of extractable lipofuscin to estimate age ­structure of ghost shrimp populations in west coast estuaries of the USA

Determining age in crustaceans is inherently imprecise because they molt periodically and do not retain hard structures throughout their lifespan. Morphological measurements are often used to estimate age, but variability in individual growth rate and molt frequency can result in a wide distribution of sizes in a single age class, making size a poor predictor of true age. Concentration of the autofluorescent age pigment, lipofuscin, has been shown to be directly related to actual age in many crustaceans. The present study assessed the potential of using extractable lipofuscin as a method for determining age in the ghost shrimp Neotrypaea californiensis. Following validation of the technique, lipofuscin-based aging was used to determine age structures for 3 populations of N. californiensis, and these were compared to age structures determined using traditional lengthbased methods. Analysis of lipofuscin revealed up to 13 age classes where the size-based analysis showed only 7. Comparison of mean size-at-age among populations in Oregon and Washington estuaries demonstrated that growth rate varied spatially, probably responding to site-specific environmental factors like food availability and population density. N. californiensis negatively impact oyster aquaculture in Pacific Northwest estuaries. Analysis of extractable lipofuscin proved to be a more accurate method of age determination than body-length measurements and should facilitate more indepth investigations of basic biological and ecological processes, which will benefit current efforts to develop an integrated pest management plan for N. californiensis.
Fractal parameters of Talaromyces wortmannii as indexes of aromatic hydrocarbon pollution

Fungal morphologies by fractal geometry were studied mainly for industrial applications, but the relation with environmental factors had been scarcely described. Fungi are conspicuous degraders, so, our aims were to isolate filamentous fungi from contaminated effluents, to apply fractal geometry to fungal growth in fluid medium and to evaluate fractal parameters as pollution indexes in aromatic hydrocarbons presence. Talaromyces wortmannii was selected due to its remarkable growth with hydrocarbons, byphenil and dibenzofuran. The clump diameters with naphathalene, phenanthrene and anthracene were 1.45-1.75 mm, while with pyrere, fluranthene and benzo[a]pyrene the main morphology was larger pellets. Fractals increased with the concentrations and aromatic-rings of the pollutants, with more pronounced effects on DMF than in DSF; both values were higher for condensed pellets and lower for free filamentous forms, as the mycelium become hydrophobic. In our case, hydrophobicity depended from the hydrocarbons, yielding larger aggregates. Fractals were an effective tool to test the pollutant effects on fungal growth. In mycoremediation technologies, the mycelial growth is a significant factor that affected most of the methodologies; therefore our results could be important to decide the strategies towards the contaminated effluent remediation.
Volatility Spillover Across GCC Stock Markets

The study of volatility transmission across markets commonly termed “volatility spillover” provides useful insights into how information disseminates across markets. Research results in this area have useful implications for issues such as international or regional diversification and market efficiency. In this paper, multivariate GARCH model was employed to investigate volatility and information transmission across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) markets. The model separates direct volatility transmission from indirect transmission, which is mainly due to cross-regional diversification and hedging strategies undertaken by portfolio managers. Findings of the study show that effects of indirect volatility transmission are more prominent than direct transmission effects across the GCC markets.
Seasonal and regional influences on the fatty acid composition of cow's milk fat from Asturias. Spain

The effect of seasonal and geographical influences on the fatty acid compositions of cow's milk fat from Asturias (northern Spain ) was studied. The majority of the fatty acids analysed presented differences (p < 0.05) due to the seasonal factor, only three fatty acids (iC14; iC16 and C18:1) did not present significant differences (p < 0.05) neither with the seasonal nor with the geographical factor. The short, medium and long chain fatty acids showed differences with the seasonal factor and only the long chain fatty acids presented differences with the geographical area. However, only the unsaturated fatty acids showed differences (p < 0.05) due to both the season of the year and the geographical area. The coefficient of correlation obtained showed a strong linear relationship between the pairs of fatty acids C4-C12, C6-C10 and C10-C12.
Improving Real-Time Kinematic PPP with Instantaneous Cycle-Slip Correction

Nowadays, still few people use precise point positioning (PPP) to process GPS data from a moving receiver because the quality of the solution is extremely vulnerable to interruptions in signal tracking. A loss of lock on all GPS signals simultaneously implies that users may have to wait for several minutes (even hours in certain cases) before obtaining cm-level precision. To avoid such a scenario, this paper proposes a method to instantaneously mitigate the impacts of signal interruptions (cycle slips). The approach is based on a time-differenced solution which allows estimating the size of cycle slips in a least-squares adjustment. Since cycle slips are integers by definition, a three-step method is proposed to increase the success rate of the integer-fixing procedure. With GPS observations available at a one-second sampling interval, the proposed algorithm corrected 99% of cycle slips in the three data sets presented. The success rate decreases gradually as data gaps are introduced in the observations due to a temporal decorrelation of error sources. Other factors degrading the performance of the approach are also identified, providing a clear overview of the aspects to be improved.
Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation of Ozone and Its Precursors from East Asia

The influence of anthropogenic trace gas emissions on the global troposphere is controlled by both chemical and dynamical processes, and the interaction between them controls any long-range impacts. We use the FRSGC-UCI 3-D chemical transport model to quantify the effects of anthropogenic emissions from the developing countries of East Asia on neighbouring continents and on the global troposphere. We show how the coupling of chemistry and meteorology leads to the largest changes in ozone over North America and Europe in spring and autumn, and demonstrate that future increases in precursor emissions may be expected to have significant effects on background levels of ozone at a hemispheric scale.
Monetary Policy Transparency and Inflation Persistence in a Small Open Economy

Using a New Keynesian small open economy model, we examine the effects of central bank transparency on inflation persistence. We have found that more opacity could reinforce the effect of persistent shocks on the level and variability of endogenous variables if the difference between the interest elasticity of domestic goods demand and the degree of trade openness is sufficient large or sufficiently low, judging on structural parameters characterising the economy, the central bank preference and its initial degree of opacity. Our result implies that, under perfect capital mobility, a high degree of domestic financial development is a good reason for increasing the transparency.
In vitro single-strand DNA damage and cancer cell cytotoxicity effects of Temozolomide

Temozolomide (TMZ) is approved against certain tumors, but substantial evidences are scarce to demonstrate TMZ as single-strand DNA break agent and reasons behind lack of responses in carcinoma. Plasmid and genomic DNA included as a substrate during assessment of in vitro single-strand break potential of TMZ. Cell based assay was performed to assess DNA damaging activity and cytotoxicity in HeLa. Further, authors tried to evaluate DNA damage and overall cytotoxicity in HeLa using Trypan blue dye exclusion and apoptotic DNA fragmentation assays. Data indicate that TMZ can generate extensive single-strand break on different DNA substrate. A DNA ligase inhibitor L189 appears to plays synergistic role in TMZ ability to decrease cell proliferation in HeLa and some extent of cytotoxicity. However, authors noticed none apoptotic DNA fragments due to toxicity effects of TMZ alone or combined TMZ plus L189. Based on our observations, findings support combined use of TMZ and L189 inhibitor to enhance responsiveness in HeLa possibly by decreasing cellular growth instead of apoptotic cell death
Testing the Existence of Ricardian or Non- Ricardian Regimes for CIS Countries

It is important to determine the dominant fiscal regime in a country group for policy prevision. This paper examines whether the Ricardian fiscal regime or non-Ricardian fiscal regime is dominant in the Common Wealth of Independent States (CIS). We attempted to show that CIS’ behavior after the debt stock increase. Using panel data method, this paper finds that Ricardian regime dominates in Kyrgyz Republic, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Moldova and Turkmenistan’s fiscal policies.
Experimental statistics of long wave runup on a plane beach

ABSTRACT Denissenko, P., Didenkulova, I. , Rodin, A. , Listak, M. and Pelinovsky, E. , 2013. Experimental statistics of long wave runup on a plane beach. A series of experiments at the 300 m length and 3.5 m depth Large Wave Flume (GWK), Hannover, Germany is conducted to study the statistics of long wave runup on a plane beach. Major goal of this experimental study is to test the applicability of the theoretical model based on rigorous solutions of the nonlinear shallow-water equations for waves on a sloping beach. According to the theory, the extreme values of the runup displacement and velocity of the moving shoreline, and consequently statistical distributions of extreme runup characteristics can be found from the associated linear theory. In particular, if an incident wave field is represented by a narrow-band Gaussian process, extreme runup characteristics can be described by the Rayleigh distribution even for strongly nonlinear waves. It is shown that the distribution function of the extreme runup characteristics can be approximated by the Rayleigh curve in the wide range of wave amplitudes and spectra even if an incident wave field is represented by a non-Gaussian process.