Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOW DOSE OF COPPER IS MORE EFFECTIVE ON INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY IN WEANED PIGS

The present experiment was carried out to determine the relation between pharmacological levels of copper (Cu) (125 and 200 mg/kg) and source (cooper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) and tribasic copper chloride (TBCC)) on growth performance, diarrhea incidence and intestinal morphology of piglets after weaning. At 21 days of age, 96 weaned piglets were sorted by body weight (BW, 6.14 ± 0.269 kg) and randomly assigned to 4 treatments according to a block design of a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement: level (125 and 200 mg/kg) and source (CuSO 4 or TBCC). Growth performance was evaluated by measuring BW, average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 21 to 63 days of age. Fecal score was evaluated daily and at 63 days of age tissue samples were collected from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum for intestinal morphology analysis. At this moment, it was evaluated villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD ratio). There was no difference between level and source (P>0.05) for any growth performance. Piglets fed 200 mg/kg TBCC had the lowest diarrhea frequency (P<0.05) in overall nursery period than the other treatments during the whole experimental period. Supplementation with 125 mg/kg increased VH (P<0.05) and VH:CD ratio (P<0.05) in the duodenum when compared to 200 mg/kg, regardless of the source. Based on our results, we can conclude that 125 mg/kg of Cu improve the VH and VH:CD ratio in the duodenum and may show growth performance results similar to 200 mg/kg of Cu.
The essence of democratic backsliding in the European Union: deliberation and rule of law

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes recent trends of democratic backsliding within the European Union (EU). While some scholars highlight threats to the rule of law and judicial independence as the key development and problem, others focus on elite discourse and partisan competition. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the essence of democratic backsliding by analyzing changes between 1990 and 2019 on key indicators of democracy – polyarchy, liberalism, participation, deliberation and egalitarianism – documented in the V-Dem dataset, within the European Union. We find that democratic backsliding at its core is structured by a deterioration of the quality of deliberation. Deliberation is also the component where EU member states differ amongst each other the most and which has featured the greatest deterioration in recent years. We conclude by spelling out the implications this has for EU policy.
Theorizing Public Participation and Local Governance in Urban Resilience: Reflections on the “Provincializing Urban Political Ecology” Thesis

Urban political ecology (UPE) infuses Marxism with poststructuralism and constructivism to explore the dialectic relationship between nature and society in urban environments as well as the economic aspect of an urban socioecological system. Nevertheless, the literature on southern urbanism has urged UPE to become more “provincialized” to reflect the diffuse forms of power and everyday governance influencing the planning of cities in the Global South. This article reviews and reflects on this wave of debates raised by critics who have positioned postcolonial thinking as an alternative to Marxist political economy, in which UPE is rooted. It also identifies those works that might help provincialize UPE differently. Without rejecting the Marxism, another set of approaches draws influence from the strategic-relational approach (SRA) to examine environmental issues in ways that destabilize conventionally economic determinist UPE. In addition to involving corporate elites and city officials, a UPE framework incorporating the SRA is capable of bringing the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community leaders, and environmentalists in everyday governance to the front. The article contends that the latter framework adds weight on public participation and local governance in different geopolitical contexts without losing sight of the social inequalities caused by state-led or privatized programs in the quest for urban resilience.
Remote Influence of the Midlatitude South Atlantic Variability in Spring on Antarctic Summer Sea Ice

Relationship between Antarctic sea ice and the Southern Annular Mode and tropical climate variability has been widely studied. Focusing on the midlatitude oceanic frontal zones, this study identifies a fingerprint of South Atlantic (SA) variability in the Antarctic summer sea ice. The interaction between spring SA sea surface temperature (SST) and summer storm‐track activity modulates the hemispheric atmospheric circulation, which in turn alters Antarctic summer sea ice concentration (SIC) through thermal and wind‐driven forcing. Specifically, warm SST anomalies in the western SA frontal zone, corresponding to the strengthened SST front, cause the increased SIC in the eastern Ross Sea via anomalous cold air advection and offshore drift of sea ice. The opposite effect (i.e., warm air advection and onshore ice drift) results in the decreased SIC in the northwestern Weddell Sea. The findings also imply a potential impact of the midlatitude SA variability to the South Pole air temperature variability.
Receptive field plasticity of neurons in rat auditory cortex

Using conventional electrophysiological technique, we investigated the plasticity of the frequency receptive fields (RF) of auditory cortex (AC) neurons in rats. In the AC, when the frequency difference between conditioning stimulus frequency (CSF) and the best frequency (BF) was in the range of 1–4 kHz, the frequency RF of AC neurons shifted. The smaller the differences between CSF and BF, the higher the probability of the RF shift and the greater the degree of the RF shift. To some extent, the plasticity of RF was dependent on the duration of the session of conditioning stimulus (CS). When the frequency difference between CSF and BF was bigger, the duration of the CS session needed to induce the plasticity was longer. The recovery time course of the frequency RF showed opposite changes after CS cessation. The RF shift could be induced by the frequency that was either higher or lower than the control BF, demonstrating no clear directional preference. The frequency RF of some neurons showed bidirectional shift, and the RF of other neurons showed single directional shift. The results suggest that the frequency RF plasticity of AC neurons could be considered as an ideal model for studying plasticity mechanism. The present study also provides important evidence for further study of learning and memory in auditory system.
MoO2/C hybrid synthesized by a facile molten‐salt‐assisted approach for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries

To combat the serious agglomeration and growth of the active materials, huge volume expansion and sluggish kinetics of metal oxides in the process of Li+ insertion/extraction, constructing hybrid nanostructures aiming to anchor active materials has been pursued. However, it is still limited in terms of capacity decay and complex preparation process. Herein, the hybrid MoO2/C is synthesized through a novel molten‐salt‐assisted approach, in which isolated small MoO2 nanoparticles were anchored on the well‐developed coal‐based porous carbon framework. The novel MoO2/C electrodes demonstrate enhanced electrochemical performance as Li+ battery anodes with a higher capacity of 960 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1, which is attributed to the synergistic effect for the uniform dispersion of MoO2 nanoparticles and coal‐based porous carbon layer with abundant active contact sites, which is better by far than the currently reported MoO2‐based electrode. Meanwhile, the hybrid MoO2/C exhibited improved extrinsic capacitive characteristics. Therefore, the hybrid MoO2/C constructed by the simple low cost strategy can be a prospective Li‐ion battery anode.
Motives of Tyranny and Islamic Da‘Wah Approach to Curb its Menace

Some communities suffer from tyranny, where tyrants overpower people. They humiliate and enslave them due to internal psychological motives. Here lies the research problem. This research aims to find out psychological motives that drive tyrants to steal people’s freedoms like a fierce animal. The study also aims to unmask the concept of tyranny. The study aims to clarify tyrants’ psychological motives concept. It also aims to highlight Islamic Da‘wah approach in treating tyranny motives. The researchers employ inductive approach to analyze these motives through Qur'an and Sunnah texts. The study concludes that tyranny is the pathway to evils, backwardness of societies, wasting efforts and oppressing mankind, and that poor upbringing leads to tyranny. It can be cured through Islamic education. Vanity, arrogance, narcissism and self-ego are malicious motives of tyranny. Da‘wah could fight tyranny through treating its motives by guiding to good behavior.
Do patients with heart failure and preserved, mid-range or reduced ejection fraction have different outcomes?

Kontext: Terminologie použivana v souvislosti se srdecnim selhanim (heart failure, HF) je podle doporucených postupů Evropske kardiologicke spolecnosti z roku 2016 (2016 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines) založena na naměřených hodnotach ejekcni frakce leve komory srdecni (EF LK) s nasledujici klasifikaci: ≥ 50 %, HF se zachovanou ejekcni frakci (HF with preserved EF, HFpEF), < 40 %, HF se sniženou ejekcni frakci (HF with reduced EF, HFrEF) a 40-49 %, HF s ejekcni frakci ve střednim pasmu (HF with mid-range EF, HFmrEF). Prognoza pacientů s HFpEF a HFmrEF se zatim stanovuje poměrně obtižně. Cil: Cilem tohoto clanku je popsat etiologii, rizikove faktory, klinicke a echokardiograficke charakteristiky a prognozu pacientů s HFpEF, HFmrEF a HFrEF v Bulharsku. Metody: V nasi observacni studii byly vsechny udaje pacientů ziskany z nasi nemocnicni databaze. Ve studii se hodnotily udaje 890 pacientů přijatých na kliniku kardiologie v obdobi 2012 až 2014 pro dekompenzovane chronicke srdecni selhani. Výsledky: Parametry sledovanými u hodnocených skupin pacientů s HFpEF (609; 68,4 %), HFmrEF (145; 16,3 %) a HFrEF (136; 15,3 %) byly mortalita z jakýchkoli přicin a rehospitalizace. Během sledovani v delce 5,8 ± 1,5 roku dosahla mortalita hodnot 34,6 % v připadě HFpEF, 55,9 % u HFmrEF a 61,8 % u pacientů s HFrEF. Po adjustaci byla mortalita významně vyssi u HFrEF a HFmrEF oproti HFpEF (HR 3,67; 95% CI 1,74-5,56; p < 0,01 v připadě HFrEF a HR 2,96; 95% CI 1,48-4,76; p < 0,01 u HFmrEF). Podle nasich udajů doslo po druhem roce sledovani u pacientů s HFrEF ke statisticky nevýznamnemu zkraceni přežiti ve srovnani s pacienty s HFmrEF (HR 1,72; 95% CI 1,49-2,48; p = 0,12). V obdobi s medianem 1,2 roku bylo znovu hospitalizovano 22,3 % pacientů s HFpEF, 33,1 % s HFmrEF a 33,7 % pacientů s HFrEF. U pacientů s HFrEF i HFmrEF bylo zjistěno významně vyssi riziko opakovaneho přijmu pro dekompenzovane HF než u pacientů s HFpEF (HR 1,67; 95% CI 1,20-2,35; p < 0,01 u HFrEF, a HR 1,58; 95% CI 1,12-2,22; p < 0,01 u HFmrEF). Riziko rehospitalizace bylo u pacientů s HFrEF a HFmrEF podobne (HR 1,03; 95% CI 0,93-1,08; p = 0,65). Analýza ROC urcila jako mezni hodnotu EF 50 %, protože EF LK < 50 % byla spojena s vyssi mortalitou i vyssimi pocty opakovaných hospitalizaci u vsech hodnocených skupin jedinců s HF (AUC 0,67; senzitivita 65 %; specificita 72 %; p < 0,01). Zavěr: Nase udaje prokazaly přiznivějsi prognozu pacientů s HFpEF než u pacientů s HFmrEF a HFrEF. Hodnoty umrti a opakovaných hospitalizaci byly nicmeně u pacientů s HF < 50 % podobne; to znamena, že HFmrEF může představovat casne stadium HFrEF a pro pacienty s HFmrEF mohou být přinosne stejne strategie lecby jako u pacientů s HFrEF. © 2020, CKS.
Nano-antennes plasmoniques pour la biophotonique

Les nano-antennes plasmoniques ouvrent des perspectives prometteuses pour la biophotonique. En exploitant les proprietes optiques des metaux nobles, l’energie lumineuse est confinee a l’echelle du nanometre, bien en dessous des limites de diffraction. Ces nouvelles methodes sont a la base d’une nouvelle generation d’outils optiques pour la chimie et la biologie. Les nano-antennes permettent notamment de detecter des biomolecules avec une sensibilite exaltee, de controler les processus d’emission moleculaire, d’induire des elevations locales de temperature ou de pieger des micro-organismes vivants.
Identifikasi Motif Jepara pada Ukiran dengan Memanfaatkan Convolutional Neural Network

Semakin berkembang motif ukiran, semakin beragam bentuk dan variasinya. Hal ini menyulitkan dalam menentukan suatu ukiran bermotif Jepara. Pada makalah ini, metode transfer learning dengan FC yang dikembangkan dimanfaatkan untuk mengidentifikasi motif khas Jepara pada suatu ukiran. Dataset dibedakan menjadi tiga color space, yaitu LUV, RGB, dan YcrCb. Selain itu, sliding window, non-max suppression, dan heat maps dimanfaatkan untuk proses penelusuran area objek ukiran dan pengidentifikasian motif Jepara. Hasil pengujian dari semua bobot menunjukkan bahwa Xception pada klasifikasi motif Jepara memiliki nilai akurasi tertinggi, yaitu 0,95, 0,95, dan 0,94 untuk masing-masing dataset color space LUV, RGB, dan YCrCb. Namun, ketika semua bobot model tersebut diterapkan pada sistem identifikasi motif Jepara, ResNet50 mampu mengungguli semua jaringan dengan nilai persentase identifikasi motif sebesar 84%, 79%, dan 80%, untuk masing-masing color space LUV, RGB, dan YCrCb. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa sistem mampu membantu dalam proses menentukan suatu ukiran, termasuk ke dalam ukiran Jepara atau bukan, dengan mengidentifikasi motif-motif khas Jepara yang terdapat dalam ukiran.
The ground state of a spin glass

Accompanying papers calculate the degeneracy of the ground state of a spin glass. These ground states may be accessible or inaccessible to one another. It is argued that the procedure offered by Edwards and Anderson (1975, 1976) implicitly assumes inaccessibility, and a case can be made for the correctness of this assumption. It implies that the entropy calculated by these authors differs from that based on the accessibility hypothesis, and at absolute zero temperature this is given by kappa lnN where N is the number of ground states.
Adsorption of Amphiphilic Copolymers on Hydrophobic Particles in Aqueous Media

ABSTRACT The adsorption properties of two rake-type polydimethylsiloxane-graft-polyether copolymers and two poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO–PPO–PEO) block copolymers (Pluronic F108 and F127) on carbon black (CB) nanoparticles dispersed in water have been investigated. The adsorption on CB obeys the Langmuir isotherm at low filtrate concentrations (below CMC). At higher filtrate concentrations, a sharp increase in adsorbed amount is observed for both siloxane copolymers considered here. The adsorbed layer thickness was determined by dynamic light scattering. The adsorbed layer thickness of the copolymers is influenced by the copolymer concentration. Temperature also plays an important role in determining the adsorbed layer thickness and structure in the case of Pluronic block copolymers. Below CMC or CMT the added copolymer molecules contribute to an increase in the adsorbed layer thickness by forming a monolayer. Above CMC or CMT, SANS experiments, performed under contrast matching conditions where either the copolymer or the CB particles were rendered “invisible”, confirmed that the adsorbed layer has structure and dimensions similar to those of copolymer micelles present in aqueous solution in the absence of CB. This was true for both the siloxane and the PEO–PPO–PEO copolymers. Adsorption of siloxane copolymer onto talcum particle obeys the Langmuir isotherm in the studied concentration range.
A narrative review of the role of robotics in cancer surgery

In recent times the use of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery has greatly expanded, becoming increasingly developed since its advent. This technical innovation has allowed more complex procedures to be undertaken. Standard laparoscopic surgery has several limitations, for example positioning of the camera being operator dependent, mostly only providing two-dimensional views and restricted instrument movements for the surgeon. Robotic-assisted surgery allows improved control of the instruments over traditional laparoscopic instruments, more able to achieve the movements that the operator requires thus permitting more and more technically challenging procedures to be accomplished. Advantages of robotic surgery are that it integrates into enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes through enabling faster recovery for patients with a shorter length of hospital stay, reduced postoperative pain, fewer wound complications, better cosmetic outcome and reduced blood loss. Robotic surgery also offers threedimensional views with magnification and surgical instruments capable of increasing degrees of freedom thus replicating hand movements with greater precision. The use of robotics has implications for the anaesthetist including the potential for more restricted access to the patient’s airway. This article explores the history of robotic surgery and reviews the literature available for several surgical specialities as well as an insight into areas for the future development of robotics.
Parameter Optimization for Uncertainty Reduction and Simulation Improvement of Hydrological Modeling

Hydrological modeling has experienced rapid development and played a significant role in water resource management in recent decades. However, modeling uncertainties, which are propagated throughout model runs, may affect the credibility of simulation results and mislead management decisions. Therefore, analyzing and reducing uncertainty is of significant importance in providing greater confidence in hydrological simulations. To reduce and quantify parameter uncertainty, in this study, we attempted to introduce additional remotely sensed data (such as evapotranspiration (ET)) into a common parameter estimation procedure that uses observed streamflow only. We undertook a case study of an application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool in the Guijiang River Basin (GRB) in China. We also compared the effects of different combinations of parameter estimation algorithms (e.g., Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version 2, particle swarm optimization) on reduction in parameter uncertainty and improvement in modeling precision improvement. The results indicated that combining Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version 2 (SUFI-2) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) can substantially reduce the modeling uncertainty (reduction in the R-factor from 0.9 to 0.1) in terms of the convergence of parameter ranges and the aggregation of parameters, in addition to iterative optimization. Furthermore, the combined approaches ensured the rationality of the parameters’ physical meanings and reduced the complexity of the model calibration procedure. We also found the simulation accuracy of ET improved substantially after adding remotely sensed ET data. The parameter ranges and optimal parameter sets obtained by multi-objective calibration (using streamflow plus ET) were more reasonable and the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) improved more rapidly using multiple objectives, indicating a more efficient parameter optimization procedure. Overall, the selected combined approach with multiple objectives can help reduce modeling uncertainty and attain a reliable hydrological simulation. The presented procedure can be applied to any hydrological model.
Drygalski Ice Tongue stability influenced by rift formation and ice morphology

Abstract The Drygalski Ice Tongue in East Antarctica stretches 90 km into the Ross Sea and influences the local ocean circulation, and persistence of the Terra Nova Bay Polynya. We examine the controls on the size of this floating ice body by comparing the propagation of six large fractures on the ice tongue's northern side using 21 years of Landsat imagery with hydrostatic ice thickness maps and strain rate calculations. We also apply a subglacial hydrology model to estimate the location and discharge from subglacial channels over the grounding line and compare these with basal channels identified along the ice tongue using remote sensing and airborne radar data. Our results suggest that large fractures are inhibited from full-width propagation by thicker ice between basal channels. We hypothesize that only once the ice tongue thins towards the terminus, can fractures propagate and cause large calving events. This suggests an important relationship between the melting of floating ice from subglacial and ocean sources and the expansion of fractures that lead to ice tongue calving.
Fhit induces the reciprocal suppressions between Lin28/Let-7 and miR-17/92miR

Objective: Fhit gene is known as a genome “caretaker” and frequently inactivated by deletion or hypermethylation on the promoter in several cancers. In spite of several lines of evidence, the exact mechanism underlying Fhit-induced biology is relatively less studied. This study will focus the role of Fhit in regulating Lin28 and microRNAs (miRNAs) loop. Material and Methods: To this end, we employed Fhit overexpressing isogenic cell lines to conduct miRNA nanostring array, and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, expression levels of Lin28b or miRNAs were investigated in response to the overexpression of Fhit gene in H1299 lung cancer cells. Results: A series of in vitro including gene nanostring analyses revealed that Lin28B protein was induced by Fhit gene overexpression, which consequently suppressed Let-7 miRNAs. Also, we found that miRNAs in miR-17/92 clusters are redundantly increased and there is an inverse correlation between Let-7 and miR-17/92 clusters in Fhit-expressing cells. Also, a series of in vitro experiments suggests that ELF-1- and/or STAT1-dependent Lin28b regulation is responsible for Let-7 induction in Fhit-expressing cancer cells. Conclusions: Based on the same experimental system proving that Fhit gene has a robust role in suppressing tumor progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, our data show that Fhit mediates the negative feedback between Lin28/Let-7 axis and miR-17/-92 miRNA although the physiological relevance of current interesting observation should be further investigated.
Dynamic properties of reconstruction defect on 90° partial dislocation in Si

The molecular dynamics (MD) and nudged elastic band (NEB) methods are employed to investigate the dynamic properties of the reconstruction defect (RD) on 90° partial dislocation in Si. This involves the motion of RD in single‐period (SP‐RD) and double‐period (DP‐RD) structures. When the temperature is lower than 1100 K, the migration processes and velocities of SP‐RD can be simply observed. It is found that SP‐RD is remarkably mobile, which is essentially determined by its structural characteristics. At relatively higher temperature, the previous prediction that SP‐RD may act as the nucleating center of a double kink is proved. All these MD results are in good agreement with the calculated barriers. The migration of DP‐RD is carried out by the motion of left–right kink RD complex (LR‐RD) and right–left kink RD complex (RL‐RD). Their motion sequences are described in detail and it is also found that the dangling bonds make the movement of the two complexes easier.