Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cluster synchronization for T-S fuzzy complex networks using pinning control with probabilistic time-varying delays

In this article, cluster synchronization problem for Lur'e type Takagi-Sugeno T-S fuzzy complex networks with probabilistic time-varying delays is considered. Pinning control strategy is proposed. The probability distribution of the time-varying delay is considered. In terms of the probability distribution of the delays, a new type of system model with probability-distribution-dependent parameter matrices is proposed. Moreover, probabilistic delay is assumed to satisfy certain probability distribution and the probability of the delay takes values in some intervals. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional involving triple integral terms and using Kronecker product with convex combination technique, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the cluster synchronization of designed networks such that the linear feedback controller can be used to every cluster. The problem of controller design is converted into solving a series of linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of our results is verified through numerical examples and simulations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 59-77, 2015
Modeling and analysis of a marine plankton system with nutrient recycling and diffusion

This article describes a nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton system with nutrient recycling in the presence of toxicity. We have studied the dynamical behavior of the system with delayed nutrient recycling in the first part of the article. Uniform persistent of the system is examined. In the second part of the article, we have incorporated diffusion of the plankton population to the system and dynamical behavior of the system is analyzed with instantaneous nutrient recycling. The condition of the diffusion driven instability is obtained. The conditions for the occurrence of Hopf and Turing bifurcation critical line in a spatial domain are derived. Variation of the system with small periodicity of diffusive coefficient has been studied. Stability condition of the plankton system subject to the periodic diffusion coefficient of the zooplankton is derived. It is observed that nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions are very complex and situation specific. Moreover, we have obtained different exciting results, ranging from stable situation to cyclic oscillatory behavior may occur under different favorable conditions, which may give some insights for predictive management. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 229-241, 2015
Yes, One-Day International Cricket ‘In-Play’ Trading Strategies Can Be Profitable!

In this study, we employ a Monte Carlo simulation technique for estimating the conditional probability of victory at any stage in the first or second innings of a one-day international (ODI) cricket match. This model is then used to test market efficiency in the Betfair ‘in-play’ market for large sample of ODI matches. We find strong evidence of overreaction in the first innings. A trading strategy of betting on the batting team after the fall of a wicket produces a significant profit of 20%. We also find some evidence of underreaction in the second innings although it is less economically and statistically significant than the first innings overreaction. We also implement trades when the discrepancy between the probability of victory implied by current market odds differs substantially from the odds estimated by our Monte Carlo simulation model. We document a number of trading strategies that yield large statistically significant positive returns in both the first and second innings.
Unrecognized hospital trauma as a source of complex psychiatric symptoms: A systematic case study with implications for children's rights and evidence-based practice

Abstract This article describes the psychological assessment and treatment of Paul (12). For several years, he had received numerous diagnoses from a range of specialists and been unsuccessfully treated for epilepsy and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Treatment was based on a formulation-driven transdiagnostic approach. Soon it was clear that the correct diagnosis was posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) precipitated by an event in hospital when Paul was 6. Two sessions of Children's Accelerated Trauma Treatment (CATT) led to rapid resolution of the main symptoms and gains were consolidated and maintained in further treatment and follow-up sessions. The case material is used to examine why the correct case formulation had been missed, evidence for the efficacy of CATT, and implications for evidence-based practice and children's rights.
HIGHLIGHTS ON ENDOTHELINS: A REVIEW

The endothelins (ET) are a family of contractile peptides made up of 21 amino acids. They are synthesised from larger precursors and they are expressed in different tissues. ET-1 is synthesised in endothelial cells by means of a specific endothelin converting enzyme and it is assumed that most of it is secreted into the basolateral compartment. It acts in a paracrine manner on the ETA and ETB2 receptors located on the surface of the vascular smooth muscle to elicit an increase in intracellular calcium and vasoconstriction. The circulating ET-1 can also activate endothelial ETC and ETB1 receptors releasing vascular smooth muscle relaxing factors, such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin. At present, it is generally accepted that ET-1 is a vasodilator in physiological conditions acting on endothelium ETB1 receptors. Nevertheless, in pathological situations such as hypertension, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, acute renal failure and vasospastic conditions (Raynaud's disease and subarachnoid haemorrhage), ET-1 levels increase and it binds to the receptors present in vascular smooth muscle in such a way that its vasoconstrictor effect is manifested. Currently, experimental and clinical evidence exists to support the importance of the development of drugs that block the production or actions of ET for use in cardiovascular medicine, particularly in conditions in which these peptides are clearly implicated.
Functional Outcome after Inpatient Rehabilitation following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Analysis

AbstractSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) secondary to ruptured aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. Neurosurgical outcomes after SAH have been extensively studied. However, functional outcomes following SAH are less well understood. Forty-one consecutive patients were admitted for rehabilitation of SAH due to aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation rupture. Age- and gender-matched groups of patients admitted for rehabilitation of stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) were recruited for comparison. Data were prospectively collected and analyzed. Dependent variables included lengths of stay in acute care, lengths of stay in rehabilitation, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) total and subscale score changes (admission to discharge from rehabilitation), FIM total and subscale efficiencies (FIM change per week), and dispositions (home versus not home). The average length of stay for SAH patients in acute care services was 28.7 days, and the averag.
A Review of Systemic Antifungal Agents.

Résumé- Cet article est une revue des antifongiques systémiques communément utilisés. Sont présentés les origines des diverses substances, leur pharmacocinétique, leur mode d'action, leurs effets secondaires et enfin, leurs indications en médecine vétérinaire. [Hill, P.B. , Moriello, K.A. , Shaw, S.E. A review of systemic antifungal agents (Antifongiques systémiques: une revue). Abstract- This paper is a review of commonly used systemic antifungal antibiotics. Included is a review of the origins of the drugs, pharmacokinetics, modes of action, adverse effects and clinical uses in veterinary medicine.
Global lagrange stability of complex-valued neural networks of neutral type with time-varying delays

In this article, the problem of global exponential stability in Lagrange sense of neutral type complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) with delays is investigated. Two different classes of activation functions are considered, one can be separated into real part and imaginary part, and the other cannot be separated. Based on Lyapunov theory and analytic techniques, delay-dependent criteria are provided to ascertain the aforementioned CVNNs to be globally exponentially stable GES in Lagrange sense. Moreover, the proposed sufficient conditions are presented in the form of linear matrix inequalities which could be easily checked by Matlab. Finally, two simulation examples are given out to demonstrate the validity of theory results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 438–450, 2016
Assessing clinical significance using robust normative comparisons

Abstract Objective: Clinical significance determines whether an intervention makes a real difference in the everyday life of a client. One of the most recommended approaches for conducting group-level analyses of clinical significance is to evaluate whether the treated clinical group is equivalent to a normal comparison group (normative comparisons). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the analytical and practical power of assessing clinical significance using normative comparisons that are robust to violations of normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions. Method: Six datasets were gleaned from published intervention studies for depression. Results: We found that normative comparisons using a robust Schuirmann-Yuen test determined equivalency for 11% fewer clinical samples compared to original normative comparisons that use a Schuirmann test of equivalence. Conclusions: We recommend that researchers conducting normative comparisons utilize the Schuirmann-Yuen procedure as it provides the most reliable method available for determining if a treated clinical group is equivalent to a normative comparison group.
Emotion categories and patterns of change in experiential therapy for depression

Abstract Objective: This investigation examined the relationship between in-session types of emotional experience operationalized by the emotion category coding system and the reduction of depressive symptoms in emotion-focused therapy (EFT). Method: Segments of videotaped sessions were coded and the different emotion categories were related to reduction in depressive symptoms in a sample of 30 clients who received EFT for depression. Results: Both fewer secondary and more primary adaptive emotions, in the working phases of therapy, were found to significantly predict outcome. Moderate levels of primary maladaptive emotion in the middle working session were associated with outcome and the frequency with which clients moved from primary maladaptive to primary adaptive emotions in this session-predicted outcome. Conclusions: Results of this study support a transformational model of changing emotion with emotion.
Efficacy and Complications of Microvascular Decompression: A Review

Hyperactive cranial nerve syndromes, including trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, disabling positional vertigo, and some forms of tinnitus, as well as glossopharyngeal neuralgia, have been shown to be associated with vascular compression of their respective cranial nerves. Treatment has focused on either destruction of the nerve in question, or alleviation of the vascular compression by microvascular decompression. The philosophy of microvascular decompression is to alleviate the symptoms of the syndrome while sparing patients from a corresponding neurologic deficit. For microvascular decompression to be efficacious, however, it must provide high long-term success rates and low complication rates when compared to alternative destructive techniques. The purpose of this article is to review the success and complication rates of the microvascular decompression procedure to provide the surgeon with a benchmark on what should be expected. Many series reflecting large numbers of treated patients have been accumulated for this critical review.
AAV9 Delivery of shRNA to the Mouse Heart

RNA interference (RNAi) is a rapid approach to dissect loss‐of‐function phenotype for a gene of interest. However, it is challenging to perform RNAi in specific organs and tissues in vivo. Engineered viruses can provide a useful tool for delivery of small RNAs in vivo. Recombinant adeno‐associated viruses (rAAVs) are the preferred method for delivering genes or gene modulators to target cells due to their high titer, low immune response, ability to transduce many types of cell, and overall safety. In this unit, we describe protocols for use of rAAVs as a cargo to deliver miRNA backbone‐based shRNA controlled by a cardiac‐specific promoter into the mouse heart. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The SMART Wrist-Hand Orthosis (WHO) for Quadriplegic Patients

The SMART® Wrist-Hand Orthosis (WHO) is a new method of providing grasping function for quadriplegic patients. The use of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators in rehabilitation technology (SMART) allows for a new type of actuator in addition to traditional actuators such as Bowden cables, pneumatic cylinders, electric motors and linear ratchets. It provides excellent function and ease of use.
Profiling of Single‐Cell Transcriptomes

Complex biological systems are composed of multiple cell types whose transcriptional activity can vary due to differences in cell state, environmental stimulation, or intrinsic programs. Conventional bulk analysis methods capture the average transcriptional programs of the cell population, thus missing the unique cellular signature of each single cell. In recent years, the development of single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technologies has provided a powerful approach to dissect the cellular heterogeneity of complex biological systems. However, such approaches require specialized equipment or are costly. In this article, we describe an improved Smart‐seq2‐based method to profile the transcriptome of hundreds of single cells simultaneously, without utilizing commercial kits or requiring any specialized single‐cell capture/library preparation tools. Moreover, we introduce the Automated Single‐cell Analysis Pipeline (ASAP), which allows researchers without strong computational expertise to explore scRNA‐seq data using a wide range of commonly used algorithms and sophisticated visualization tools. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Physical Activity in Childhood May Be the Key to Optimizing Lifespan Skeletal Health

Physical activities undertaken in childhood, particularly activities, which apply large forces quickly convey optimal benefits to bone mass, size, and structure. Evidence is accumulating that benefits persist well beyond activity cessation. This review examines the potential for early childhood activity to improve bone mineralization and structure and explores childhood activity as prevention for osteoporosis in later life.
Cardiovascular Drift During Heat Stress: Implications for Exercise Prescription

Cardiovascular drift, the progressive increase in heart rate and decrease in stroke volume that begins after approximately 10 min of prolonged moderate-intensity exercise, is associated with decreased maximal oxygen uptake, particularly during heat stress. Consequently, the increased heart rate reflects an increased relative metabolic intensity during prolonged exercise in the heat when cardiovascular drift occurs, which has implications for exercise prescription.
Social skills training and play group intervention for children with oppositional-defiant disorders/conduct disorder: Mediating mechanisms in a head-to-head comparison

Abstract Objective: Social-cognitive information processing, social skills, and social interactions are problem-maintaining variables for aggressive behavior in children. We hypothesized that these factors may be possible mediators of the mechanism of change in the child-centered treatment of conduct disorders (CDs). The aim of the present study (Clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT01406067) was to examine putative mechanisms of change for the decrease in oppositional-defiant behavior resulting from child-centered treatment of patients with oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) or CD. Method: 91 children (age 6–12 years) with ODD/CD were randomized to receive either social skills training or to a resource activating play group. Mediator analyses were conducted using path analyses. Results: The assumed mediating effects were not significant. However, alternative models with the putative mediators and outcome in reversed positions showed significant indirect effects of the oppositional-defiant symptoms as mediator for the decrease of disturbance of social-information processing, social skills, and social interactions. Conclusions: The proposed model for mechanisms of change could not be confirmed, with the results pointing to a reversed causality. Variables other than those hypothesized must be responsible for mediating the effects of the intervention on child oppositional-defiant behavior. Possible mechanisms of change were discussed.
Experiences and Perceptions of Nursing Staff Working With Long-Stay Patients in a High Secure Psychiatric Hospital Setting

Background and Objective Forensic psychiatric nursing is a demanding nursing specialty that deals with a highly complex group of patients who are detained in restrictive environments, often for lengthy periods. There is little information about the daily experiences of these nurses. This study sought to explore the roles and relationships of forensic psychiatric nurses with long-stay patients in a high secure hospital in England. Method and Analysis The study obtained data via three focus groups, and thematic analysis was carried out using NVIVO 10 software. Results Five prominent themes emerged: First, nurses elaborated on their roles with patients and the kinds of interactions they had with them. The next two themes explored the reasons why some patients are long-stay patients and the challenges nurses face while working with this group. The fourth theme was the impact of external support, such as the patient’s families, on length of stay. The final theme covered the changes that the nurses observed in these patients and in themselves over time. Conclusion It was noticeable that those interviewed were committed professionals, eager to provide an optimistic and hopeful environment for the patients to help them progress through “the system”. The study presents a number of pertinent issues regarding long-stay patients that provide a basis for further research and to inform policy, educational reforms, and clinical practice.
New Directions in Occupational Asthma Caused by Small Molecular Weight Compounds

Occupational asthma has been estimated to account for 2% of all cases of asthma in many industrialized nations. The importance of this public health problem is enhanced by the fact that it is a preventable disease. Agents that cause occupational asthma can be classified into two broad categories (Table 1): large molecular weight biologic substances and small molecular weight organic or inorganic chemicals. Biologic agents include dusts from animal danders and secretions, insects and Crustaceans, vegetable gums, and plant and bacterial enzymes. They act like many large molecular weight allergens by causing immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated responses when inhaled. Workplaces may contain both naturally occurring aeroallergens, such as molds, fungi, insect scales, dust, and rodent emanations, and specific occupational allergens. Small molecular weight agents are generally chemicals and include isocyanates, acid anhydrides, platinum, and resin (Table 1). The pathogenesis of occupational asthma due to these agents is controversial and inlcudes allergic, toxic, pharmacologic, and reflex mechanisms. With the increasing industrial production and commercial application of many of these compounds, it is important that the clinician become familiar with these occupational health hazards. We will discuss a number of these low molecular weight chemicals and focus on new findings related to pathogenesis, diagnosis, natural history, and treatment of asthma caused by these agents. The continued introduction of hundreds of new chemicals with unknown asthma-causing potential makes it likely that the problem of occupational asthma due to small molecular weight chemicals will increase in the future. CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Circadian rhythms measured by actigraphy during oncological treatments: a systematic review

During oncological treatment patients often suffer from fatigue, insomnia, and daytime inactivity. This cluster of symptoms and overall survival are linked with circadian rhythm disruptions in rest-activity, which can be objectively characterized using actigraphy. We systematically reviewed the body of literature using actigraphy to characterize the circadian rhythm disruption in patients during oncological treatments and studies that introduced interventions to deal with this disruption. Thirteen observational and two interventional studies were included in this review. These mainly described patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, and the disruptions were persistent among these patients, and the disruptions peaked at the start of chemotherapy cycles and decreased during the periods in between. Light and behavioral therapy showed some alleviating effects in patients with breast cancer. We also found that circadian rhythm disruptions were prevalent in patients during other cancer therapies. Effective cancer therapy controls cancer growth and improves circadian organization. Cancer therapy itself, however, also contributes to cancer associated circadian dys-synchrony. Interrupting this vicious cycle represents an important opportunity for diminishing cancer patients’ suffering and improving or even prolonging their useful and enjoyable lives.
Correcting Psychotherapists' Blindsidedness: Formal Feedback as a Means of Overcoming the Natural Limitations of Therapists.

PURPOSE Monitoring of client progress in psychological therapy using formal outcome measures at each session has been shown to increase the effectiveness of treatment. It seems likely that this 'feedback' effect is achieved by enabling therapists to identify clients at risk of treatment failure so that therapists can pay greater attention to client difficulties, which may be hindering therapeutic work. To date, little attention has been given to understanding relevant mechanisms of formal feedback in psychological therapy. In order to understand and maximize the benefits of feedback, it is essential to explore potential mechanisms contributing to this effect. Research in social psychology may help to explain how feedback works. METHODS Findings on cognitive biases in the field of social psychology are explored and linked to preliminary findings in the field of psychotherapy research. RESULTS Research on cognitive biases and expertise is congruent with indications that clinical prediction in psychotherapy is unreliable and that it may be difficult for clinicians to detect errors in their judgement as a result of a lack of clear corrective feedback. This problem is linked to the fact that clinical outcomes occur in a complex 'noisy' environment where prediction is inherently difficult. CONCLUSION Formal feedback may derive its benefits from its ability to help correct naturally occurring biases in therapists' assessment of their work. If these biases are seen as normal, but often avoidable if feedback is used, this may pave the way to greater acceptance of formal feedback by clinicians and enhanced outcomes for clients. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE The use of formal feedback tools can help therapists overcome inevitable limitations in their ability to predict poor response to treatment, enhancing the likelihood of detecting and resolving client difficulties in therapy.