Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interconnected network of cameras

The real-time development of multi-camera systems is a great challenge. Synchronization and large data rates of the cameras adds to the complexity of these systems as well. The complexity of such system also increases as the number of their incorporating cameras increases. The customary approach to implementation of such system is a central type, where all the raw stream from the camera are first stored then processed for their target application. An alternative approach is to embed smart cameras to these systems instead of ordinary cameras with limited or no processing capability. Smart cameras with intra and inter camera processing capability and programmability at the software and hardware level will offer the right platform for distributed and parallel processing for multi- camera systems real-time application development. Inter camera processing requires the interconnection of smart cameras in a network arrangement. A novel hardware emulating platform is introduced for demonstrating the concept of the interconnected network of cameras. A methodology is demonstrated for the interconnection network of camera construction and analysis. A sample application is developed and demonstrated.
Cell movements driving neurulation in avian embryos.

Neurulation, formation of the neural tube, a crucial event of early embryogenesis, is believed to be driven by the coordination of a number of diverse morphogenetic cell behaviors. Such behaviors include changes in cell number (division, death), cell shape and size (wedging, palisading and spreading), cell position (rearrangement or intercalation) and cell-cell and cell-matrix associations (including inductive interactions). The focus of this essay is on epiblast cell movements and their role in shaping and bending of the neural plate. Neurulation is a multifactorial process requiring both intrinsic (within the neural plate) and extrinsic (outside the neural plate) forces. The origin and movements of three populations of epiblast cells have been studied in avian embryos by constructing quail/chick transplantation chimeras and by labeling cells in situ with identifiable, heritable markers. MHP (median hinge-point neurepithelial) cells originate principally from a midline epiblast area rostral to and overlapping Hensen's node. In addition, a few caudal MHP cells originate from paranodal epiblast areas. MHP cells stream down the length of the midline neuraxis in the wake of the regressing Hensen's node. This streaming occurs as a result of cell division (presumably oriented so that daughter cells are placed into the longitudinal plane rather than into the transverse plane) and rearrangement (intercalation), resulting in a narrowing of the width of the MHP region with a concomitant increase in its length. L (lateral neurepithelial) cells originate from paired epiblast areas flanking the rostral portion of the primitive streak, and they stream down the length of the lateral neuraxis concomitant with regression of Hensen's node. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Simple and B-cells in cat striate cortex. Complementarity of responses to moving light and dark bars.

This report is based on the quantitatively recorded responses of 72 striate cells in the simple (S and SH) and B-cell (B and BH) families to narrow (0.14 degrees) moving light and dark bars. Cells were regarded as hypercomplex (SH and BH) if the end-zone inhibition reduced the response to 50% of its peak value. The contrast of the bars was relatively low and matched to be equal but opposite for the two kinds of bar. Average response histograms to the two kinds of bar were recorded separately and only subsequently combined. The response histogram from a given S- or SH-cell shows separate response peaks to the light and dark bars. The number of peaks varies from two to five in different cells. Cells with two response peaks were encountered most commonly (54%), and rather less common were cells with three (31%), four (7.5%), and five (7.5%) peaks. By defining the sequence of the response peaks according to the direction preferred by a moving light bar, the number of distinct spatial patterns of responses to the moving bars increases from four to eight since the first response in the sequence can be either to a light bar or to a dark bar. Examples of all eight responses have been recorded. For cells in the simple family with two response peaks, as well as for B-cells, the width of the light-bar peak was the same as, or closely similar to, that of the dark-bar peak. For S- and SH-cells with more than two response peaks this was also true for the two principal peaks, namely the largest and the next-largest immediately adjacent peak. In the simple family, the mean widths of the two principal response peaks remained closely similar despite the progressive decrease in their respective widths as the number of peaks in the pattern increased from two to five. The mean width of the two principal response peaks from S- and SH-cells (0.6 degrees) was significantly less than the mean width for B-cells (1.4 degrees). For simple-family cells the spatial overlap between the two principal peaks (mean 14%) was always less than 50% of the overall width of the two peaks, whereas for B-cells the overlap (mean 79%) was always greater than 50%. For cells in both the simple and B-cell families the length of the receptive field as given by a moving light bar is the same as that given by a moving dark bar. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Performance in leisure-time physical activities and self-efficacy in females with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine leisure-time physical activities (LTPAs) and their association with self-efficacy in females with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 238). Their self-reported performance in LTPAs was measured by the Interest Checklist and efficacy beliefs by using the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scales (ASES). LTPAs were classified as active or less active according to how many LTPAs they performed. The participants had reduced their participation in LTPAs by almost one-third during the last year. Active individuals performed the vigorous activities more often, they had a higher level of education, were working to a significantly greater extent, and reported better function, higher scores on the self-efficacy scales, and lower joint pain and fatigue. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that a high level of LTPAs was independently related to less fatigue (OR 0.98, p = 0.004), positive self-efficacy in coping with RA functions (OR 1.03, p = 0.015), and higher employment level (OR 0.42, p = 0.039). Only a quarter of the responders were physically active in their leisure time in the present study. Less active individuals reduced their performance in LTPAs to a much higher degree than active individuals during the last year. Partaking in a high amount of LTPAs was related to less fatigue and higher efficacy beliefs.
Bounded expansion in models of webgraphs

We study the bounded expansion of several models of web graphs. We show that various deterministic graph models for large complex networks have constant bounded expansion.We study two random models of webgraphs, showing that the model of Bonato has not bounded expansion, and we conjecture that the classical model of Barabasi may have also not bounded expansion.
Evaluation of a GaN HEMT transistor for load- and supply-modulation applications using intrinsic waveform measurements

In this paper, the efficiency of a GaN HEMT transistor and its intrinsic waveforms are measured at 0.9 GHz and investigated for load- and supply-modulation applications. The results show that both techniques perform equally well for back-off levels ≤6.5 dB. At higher back-off levels, the efficiency improvements achieved by supply modulation outperform load modulation. At 10 dB back-off, supply, and load modulation provide a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 68%, and 58%, respectively. Using measured intrinsic waveforms, it is shown that PAE degradations in load modulation can be mainly attributed to parallel losses rather than series losses, which are dominant in supply modulation. The harmonic contents of the intrinsic waveforms, in both techniques, are equally strong in back-off and peak power operations. There is, therefore, a great potential for further efficiency enhancement by circuit-level optimization of harmonic terminations for back-off.
Software Design and Evaluation by Ergonomics Knowledge and Intelligent Design System (EKIDES)

The database system EKIDES (Ergonomics Knowledge and Intelligent Design System) assists designers of technical systems, equipment, products and workplaces to meet ergonomic requirements for all system components and their interactions during the planning, development and subsequent design and blueprint processes. EKIDES is a design tool in form of an electronic reference system and an evaluation tool for work places and products. The ergonomic tests can be carried out by using the Basic, Consulting or Product Modules of EKIDES. Furthermore, if the required measurement equipment is not available, or if a qualitative task or product analysis is sufficient, the module Checklist may be used.
Interoperable human performance modelling of distributed cognitive agents

Abstract This paper presents an approach towards distributed human-machine systems based on an open modeling framework. The approach aims to develop a core of new modeling techniques independent of specific engineering domains that allows to analyze different communication channels and cooperation strategies with regard to their effect on the distribution of knowledge and the overall team performance including human errors. The paper presents the framework architecture on a conceptual level derived from a detailed analysis of the communication and cooperation requirements from the perspective of three application scenarios.
Regulation of p53 levels by the E1B 55-kilodalton protein and E4orf6 in adenovirus-infected cells

The adenovirus type 5 243R E1A protein induces p53-dependent apoptosis in the absence of the 19- and 55-kDa E1B polypeptides. This effect appears to result from an accumulation of p53 protein and is unrelated to expression of E1B products. We now report that in the presence of the E1B 55-kDa polypeptide, the 289R E1A protein does not induce such p53 accumulation and, in fact, is able to block that induced by E1A 243R. This inhibition also requires the 289R-dependent transactivation of E4orf6 expression. E4orf6 is known to form complexes with the E1B 55-kDa protein and to function both in the transport and stabilization of viral mRNA and in shutoff of host cell protein synthesis. We demonstrated that the block in p53 accumulation is not due to the generalized shutoff of host cell metabolism. Rather, it appears to result from a mechanism targeted specifically to p53, most likely involving a decrease in the stability of p53 protein. The E1B 55-kDa protein is known to interact with both E4orf6 and p53, and as demonstrated recently by others, we showed that E4orf6 also binds directly to p53. Thus, multiple interactions between all three proteins may regulate p53 stability, resulting in the maintenance of low levels of p53 following virus infection.
Detection of a Large-Scale Mass Redistribution in the Terrestrial System Since 1998

Earth's dynamic oblateness (J 2) had been undergoing a decrease, according to space geodetic observations over the past 25 years, until around 1998, when it switched quite suddenly to an increasing trend that has continued to the present. The secular decrease in J 2 resulted primarily from the postglacial rebound in the mantle. The present increase, whose geophysical cause(s) are uncertain, thus signifies a large change in global mass distribution with a J 2 effect that considerably overshadows that of mantle rebound.
Strategy Implementation and Public Service Performance

Much has been written about implementation in the public sector, but little is known about organizational implementation styles and their consequences for performance. The authors’ evidence shows that implementation style matters but only in combination with appropriate strategic choices. None of the established styles of implementation (rational, incremental, and “no clear approach”) by themselves are likely to lead to better performance. However, when the authors incorporate the strategic orientation of the organization (defender, prospector, and reactor), they find that it has an important moderating effect on the relationship between implementation style and service performance. Their evidence suggests that public organizations need to achieve a fit between strategic orientation and style of implementation if higher levels of performance are to be attained.
Single-shot velocity-map imaging of attosecond light-field control at kilohertz rate.

High-speed, single-shot velocity-map imaging (VMI) is combined with carrier-envelope phase (CEP) tagging by a single-shot stereographic above-threshold ionization (ATI) phase-meter. The experimental setup provides a versatile tool for angle-resolved studies of the attosecond control of electrons in atoms, molecules, and nanostructures. Single-shot VMI at kHz repetition rate is realized with a highly sensitive megapixel complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera omitting the need for additional image intensifiers. The developed camera software allows for efficient background suppression and the storage of up to 1024 events for each image in real time. The approach is demonstrated by measuring the CEP-dependence of the electron emission from ATI of Xe in strong (≈10(13) W/cm(2)) near single-cycle (4 fs) laser fields. Efficient background signal suppression with the system is illustrated for the electron emission from SiO(2) nanospheres.
What are the biochemical parameters of pleural fluid that best identify parapneumonic effusions?

To the Editor, In the recent review of the British Thoracic Society guidelines for the investigation of unilateral pleural effusion in adults, 1 there was no mention of biochemical analysis of pleural fluid for the diagnosis of parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE). PPE is an exudate associated with pneumonia, abscess or bronchiectasis, called empyema when it contains pus. 2 The biochemical analysis of pleural fluid is important for the diagnosis of PPE. The aim of our study was to determine the accuracy of biochemical parameters of pleural fluid for the diagnosis of PPE, using receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) techniques by analysing the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and determining the optimal cut-off value. We studied 207 pleural fluids obtained anaerobically by thoracocentesis using gasometry syringes in 110 men and 97 women aged between 1 and 90 y (average 58 y), from June 2005 to July 2006. The following variables were analysed: protein, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate and amylase by INTEGRA 400 (Roche Diagnostics S.L w , Barcelona, Spain), adenosine deaminase (ADA) by Modular P (Roche Diagnostics S.L w ), pH and pCO2 by gasometer IL-1620 (Izasa S.A. w , Barcelona, Spain), and the aetiological diagnosis of pleural effusion discharged from hospital after evaluating clinical and radiological data and laboratory tests. Protein was analysed by Biuret reaction, glucose by enzymatic reference method with hexokinase, LDH, lactate, amylase and ADA by enzymatic colorimetric methods according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. The serum LDH reference range was 135 –225 U/L. The diagnosis of PPE required an acute febrile illness with purulent sputum and pulmonary infiltrates in association with a pleural effusion or positive pleural fluid culture or positive pleural fluid Gram stain or purulent pleural fluid. Pleural fluids were classified into two groups: PPE and non-PPE. Statistical analysis was performed using the software Medcalc w . Forty-six of 207 pleural fluids studied were PPE (14 uncomplicated PPE, eight complicated PPE and 24
Optical mapping of the pulsatile blood flow in-vivo

Velocity of the pulse wave propagation through the vascular system is an important diagnostic marker for various diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and peripheral atherosclerosis. In this paper, the technique of measuring the pulse-wave propagation time to different parts of the body by means of non-contact optical method, which uses conventional video recording of a studied body's part illuminated by incoherent green light, is discussed. It allows us to measure spatial distribution of the pulse transit time from the heart to the human face with high spatial and temporal resolution. The algorithm of the video data processing is based on the recently proposed model of light interaction with human tissue. According to this model, the light intensity modulation at the heartbeat frequency arises from mechanical compression/decompression of the inter-capillary tissue caused by changes of the transmural arterial pressure. To support the new model of light interaction with living tissue we show several experimental observations. Mapping the pulse transit time opens new possibilities for visualization of the pulse wave propagation in different parts of the body in various physiological states and disease. Accurate measurements of the pulse wave parameters increases capability to assess local microcirculation regulation, which is very important for development of new efficient systems of early diagnosis of various diseases.
REFINEMENT OF BUILDING FASSADES BY INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF LIDAR AND IMAGE DATA

: Urban models extracted from airborne data have to be refined for tasks like the generation of realistic visualisations from pedestrian viewpoints. Within the paper, terrestrial LIDAR data as well as façade imagery is used to increase the quality and amount of detail for the respective 3D building models. These models as they are available from airborne data collection provide a priori information, which can be integrated efficiently both for the georeferencing of the terrestrial data and the subsequent geometric refinement. After alignment of the terrestrial data to the given 3D model, window structures are first extracted approximately from the LIDAR point clouds. These structures are then further refined by 3D edges which are extracted from the overlapping façade images. Our modelling process applies a 3D object representation by cell decomposition, which can be used efficiently for building reconstruction at different scales.
Neural network algorithm for oil spill automatic detection from multi mode RADARSAT-1 SAR satellite data

Abstract: The main objective of this work is to utilize automatic detection algorithm for oil spill pixels in multimode (Standard beam S2, Wide beam W1 and fine beam F1) RADARSAT-1 SAR satellite data and ENVISAT ASAR that were acquired in the Malacca Straits, and Gulf of Mexico, respectively. In doing so, neural network (NN) algorithm is implemented for oil spill detection. The results show that NN is the best indicator for oil spill detection as it can discriminate oil spill from its surrounding such as look-alikes, sea surface and land. The NN shows higher performance in automatic detection of oil spill in RADARSAT-1 SAR data with standard deviation of 0.12. In conclusion, NN algorithm is an appropriate algorithm for oil spill automatic detection and W1 beam mode is appropriate for oil spill and look-alikes discrimination and detection. It can also said that ASA-APP-1P imagery with HV polarization provided better detection of oil spill using neural network algorithm.
Implementing signatures for C++

We outline the design and detail the implementation of a language extension for abstracting types and for decoupling subtyping and inheritance in C++. This extension gives the user more of the flexibility of dynamic typing while retaining the efficiency and security of static typing. After a brief discussion of syntax and semantics of this language extension and examples of its use, we present and analyze three different implementation techniques: a preprocessor to a C++ compiler, an implementation in the front end of a C++ compiler, and a low-level implementation with back-end support. We follow with an analysis of the performance of the three implementation techniques and show that our extension actually allows subtype polymorphism to be implemented more efficiently than with virtual functions. We conclude with a discussion of the lessons we learned for future programming language design.
A mutation in the ovine cathepsin D gene causes a congenital lysosomal storage disease with profound neurodegeneration

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) constitute a group of neurodegenerative storage diseases characterized by progressive psychomotor retardation, blindness and premature death. Pathologically, there is accumulation of autofluorescent material in lysosome‐derived organelles in a variety of cell types, but neurons in the central nervous system appear to be selectively affected and undergo progressive death. In this report we show that a novel form of NCL, congenital ovine NCL, is caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal aspartyl proteinase cathepsin D. A single nucleotide mutation in the cathepsin D gene results in conversion of an active site aspartate to asparagine, leading to production of an enzymatically inactive but stable protein. This results in severe cerebrocortical atrophy and early death, providing strong evidence for an important role of cathepsin D in neuronal development and/or homeostasis.
A 205 GHz Amplifier With 10.5 dB Gain and  $-$1.6 dBm Saturated Power Using 90 nm CMOS

Designing integrated circuits with CMOS technology in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) range is highly challenging. This letter presents a 205 GHz amplifier drawing 43.4 mA from a 0.9 V power supply with 10.5 dB power gain, saturated power of -1.6 dBm, and P1dB ≈ -5.8 dBm in a standard 90 nm CMOS process. Moreover, the design employs internal (layout-based)/ external (using passive embedding around the transistor) neutralization techniques for improving performance and yield of the overall system while achieving optimum operation state and reducing the effect of dominant internal parasitic capacitors. The fabricated amplifier has the highest operation frequency among all reported amplifiers in 90 nm and greater CMOS technologies.
Genome‐wide analysis of alternative splicing evolution among Mus subspecies

Alternative splicing, the combination of different exons to produce a variety of transcripts from a single gene, contributes enormously to transcriptome diversity in mammals, and the majority of genes encode alternatively spliced products. Previous research comparing mouse, rat and human has shown that a significant proportion of splice forms are not conserved across species, suggesting that alternative transcripts are an important source of evolutionary novelty. Here, we studied the evolution of alternative splicing in the early stages of species divergence in the house mouse. We sequenced the testis transcriptomes of three Mus musculus subspecies and Mus spretus using Illumina technology. On the basis of a genome‐wide analysis of read coverage differences among subspecies, we identified several hundred candidate alternatively spliced regions. We conservatively estimate that 6.5% of testis‐expressed genes show alternative splice differences between at least one pair of M. musculus subspecies, a proportion slightly higher than the proportion of genes differentially expressed among subspecies. These results suggest that differences in both the structure and abundance of transcripts contribute to early transcriptome divergence.