Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fyysisen aktiivisuuden yhteys rintasyövän erilaistumisasteeseen postmenopausaalisilla naisilla

Heini Ketolainen (2015). Association between physical activity and histological grade of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, gerontology and public health, master’s thesis, 47 p. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries. It is most common among women over 60 years of age. The risk of postmenopausal breast cancer can be affected by physical activity. It has been found in earlier studies that breast cancer is associated with physical activity and those who are physically active have lower breast cancer risk than those who are sedentary. The objective of this study was to investigate whether physical activity is associated with histologic grade of breast cancer and which factors explain the determination of histologic grade of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. This cross-sectional study was based on the baseline data of a randomized controlled trial. Breast cancer surivors were divided into three separate groups according to Nottingham histological grade of breast cancer. In this study participants were asked questions concerning physical activity earlier in their life. Potential confounding factors such as age, weight, height, sosioeconomic status, smoking, drinking of alcohol, age at menarche, amount of childbirths, age at menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy and cause of death of father’s and mother’s were taken into account when analysing the data. Associations of the confounding factors with the histologic grade were analysed using the SPSS Statistics Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Factors explaining determination of histologic grade were analysed with ordinal logistic regression analysis. Former physical activity was not associated with histological grade of postmenopausal breast cancer. As the age, weight, height and socioeconomic status of the participants were controlled for, the odds ratio of weight was statistically significant (p=.038) compared with the category 3 of the histological grade. It means that an extra kilogram of gained weight increases the risk of belonging to a lower category of histologic grade by 2,4 percent. As smoking, drinking of alcohol, age at menarche, amount of childbirths, age at menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy and cause of death of father’s and mother’s were also controlled for, drinking of alcohol was statistically significantly associated with the histological grade. Those who drank alcohol, but at most once a month had a 5.3-fold (95% CI 1.2-23.4) risk of belonging to a lower category of histological grade compared to those who drank alcohol at least once a week. The results of this cross-sectional study indicate that physical activity during seven to 44 years of age is not associated with the histological grade of postmenopausal breast cancer. However, an extra weight seemed to be associated with milder histological breast cancer grade and low alcohol consumption was clearly associated with milder breast cancer type.
A Study on 5G Millimeter Wave Channel: Measurements and 3D Ray-Tracing Simulations

Wireless communication has achieved remarkable innovations and achievements in the history of wireless communication due to the spread of smart devices and the success of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication standards. Based on the success of 4G mobile communication, research on wireless communication is accelerating the research and standardization of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication technology, the next generation mobile communication standard. 5G mobile communication research is moving toward overcoming of unprecedented communication experience and providing the best convenience of users. In particular, research on reliable communication techniques for increased connectivity due to an increase in the number of communication devices and for harsh environments such as maritime and underground tunnel, and high-speed mobile trains, has been attracting attention. In addition, there is a tendency to overcome the limitations of the deficient frequency use of the existing VHF and UHF bands and to utilize the millimeter wave frequency band in mobile communication to meet new demand. In this dissertation, the problems related to 5G mobile communication are predicted from the viewpoint of the wireless communication channel, and the solution is taken. First, I propose a wireless channel analysis and modeling method based on human body effect in indoor environment. In this chapter, I investigate propagation characteristics of indoor environment based on human body and surrounding environment by measuring channel characteristics in 3.5 GHz band and suggest channel models. The channel impulse response is measured through the wideband frequency response data in the 1.6 GHz bandwidth, and the number of rake fingers that can minimize the transmission bit error rate is suggested. Next, I measured the communication channel in the maritime environment. The
Impact of Spiramycin Treatment and Gestational Age on Maturation of Toxoplasma IgG Avidity in Pregnant Women

1 The objective was to investigate the maturation of IgG avidity after Toxoplasma 2 seroconversion during pregnancy and the factors that affect IgG avidity over time. The study used 3 309 sera from 117 women and a multiple linear mixed regression to show the pattern of variation 4 of IgG avidity along gestation. 5 The IgG-avidity ratios and the patterns of their evolution with time were quite diverse 6 among women and statistically heterogeneous (test, p=0.011); however, the trend was towards a 7 statistically significant increase (test, p<0.0001). In average, a 1.0167-fold increase was observed 8 for each additional gestational week after the putative date of infection. At 12 weeks after 9 putative infection (the expected IgG-avidity maturation time), the mean avidity ratio was 16.6% 10 (95% confidence interval, 15.4–17.9). At all times, the avidity ratio remained significantly 11 heterogeneous among women (p<0.05); for 95% of them, that ratio ranged from 7.8 to 35.3% at 12 12 weeks after putative infection. Maternal age at putative time of infection did not influence 13 maturation of IgG avidity. However, in average, a 1.009-fold decrease (p=0.03) in that avidity 14 was observed for each additional week of gestational age before infection and a 1.03-fold 15 increase (p=0.0003) for each additional week of delay to onset of spiramycin treatment. The rate 16 of increase in avidity ratio was lower as infection occurred late in pregnancy, higher as the delay 17 to treatment was long. 18 This information cannot allow accurate determination of the delay since infection. The 19 present results provide support for interpretation of the assay and caution against over 20
Improved bounds on the AN-complexity of multilinear functions

We consider arithmetic circuits with arbitrary large (multi-linear) gates for computing multilinear functions. An adequate complexity measure for such circuits is the maximum between the arity of the gates and their number. This model and the corresponding complexity measure were introduced by Goldreich and Wigderson ( ECCC , TR13-043, 2013), and is called the AN-complexity.TheAN-complexity of a multi-linear function yields an upper bound on the size of depth-three Boolean circuits for computing the function, and it is not clear whether or not signiﬁcantly smaller depth-three Boolean functions exist. Speciﬁcally, the depth-three size of Boolean circuits is at most exponential in the AN-complexity of the function. Hence, proving linear lower bounds on the AN-complexity of explicit multi-linear function is a essential step towards proving that depth-three Boolean circuits for these functions requires exponential size. In this work we present explicit multi-linear functions that require depth-two multi-linear circuits of almost linear AN-complexity. Speciﬁcally, for every (cid:15) > 0, we show an explicit poly(1 /(cid:15) )-linear function f : { 0 , 1 } poly(1 /(cid:15) ) · n → { 0 , 1 } such that any depth-two circuit (with general multi-linear gates) that computes f must use gates of arity at least n 1 − (cid:15) . In particular, for every (cid:15) > 0 and t = O (1 /(cid:15) 2 ), the Ω( n 1 − (cid:15) ) lower bound holds also for the t -linear function f ( x (1) , x (2) , . , x ( t ) ) = 1 This improves over a of (cid:101) Ω( n 2 / 3 ) that was known for an explicit tri-linear function (Goldreich and Tal, Computational Complexity , 2018), but leaves open the problem of showing similar AN-complexity lower bounds for multi-linear circuits of larger depth. A key aspect in our proof is considering many (extremely skewed) random restrictions, and contrasting the sum of the values of the original function and the circuit (which supposedly computes it) taken over a (carefully chosen) subset of these random restrictions. We show that if the original circuit has too low AN-complexity, then these two sums cannot be equal,
Leading approaches to managing social processes in turbulent conditions

This paper focuses on the main trends and leading approaches in the modern development of society in a situation of dynamic changes and turbulent conditions. Particular attention is paid to identifying the differences between management and manageability. Management is a formalized side of collective activity that has a constructive and focused character. Manageability is a qualitative characteristic of managerial activity. Manageability opens possibilities for determining the degree of readiness of a management subject to achieve its goals and the level of interaction of management entities with each other. Manageability turns out to be an organic part of the creation process and an integral part of the mechanism that holds the dynamic control process within certain limits. This paper studies and reveals the features of social turbulence that affect the contour of the boundaries of controllability. We show that these include the butterfly effect, the strength of weak ties, the “black swan” effect, as well as the presence of a “ghostly” control subject. At a theoretical level, the heuristic potential of defining control boundaries allows us to identify the differences between uncertainty and stability, unpredictability and predictability. From a practical point of view, the definition of boundaries contributes to the development of measures of manageability at the level of personal competencies, as well as at the level of professional and social mobility.
EVALUATING PATIENT MEDICATION AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES DOCUMENTATION: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOURCES, DISCREPANCIES AND THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF ERRORS ON PATIENT CARE

Complete knowledge of a patient's medications, including over-the-counter and alternative medicines, is essential to the healthcare professional in providing quality care. In addition to the multiple steps from prescribing, dispensing to administering of a drug medication, there are several factors that increase an individual's risk for an adverse event and approaches to reduce medication errors. The movement of healthcare systems to an electronic medical record provides the potential of building a better health care system. This retrospective study compares five sources of medication, medical record chart, specialist, electronic medical record, pharmacy, insurance provider and patient, to determine what is the most accurate source of documentation, and what factors leading to better knowledge and documentation of all of a patient's medications. This study also identifies additional risk factors, specifically drug affordability and the influence it has on a patient's behavior, and discusses some considerations for reducing medication errors. The prevention and reduction of adverse events is of public health significance as there is both a health and financial cost to treating these adverse events.
Case Report Repeated bacteraemia caused by Streptococcus mutans in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome

Streptococcus mutans, considered to be a pathogen for dental caries, is known to cause bacteraemia and infective endocarditis. Herein, an unusual case of repeated bacteraemia caused by S. mutans identified in a 71-year-old male is described. The patient visited Itami City Hospital with the major complaint of a fever, and a subsequent clinical examination led to a diagnosis of possible infective endocarditis without specific vegetation formation around the heart valve. A bacteriological examination of blood taken at the first visit showed the presence of S. mutans. Antimicrobial treatment was provided, which successfully eliminated the pathogenic bacteria from the blood. However, the patient returned and was hospitalized twice more with a recurrent fever, and S. mutans was again detected. Analyses of the biological properties of the S. mutans isolates showed that they possessed cariogenic properties and had a low susceptibility to
Validação conceitual das características definidoras de diagnósticos de enfermagem respiratórios em neonatos Conceptual validation of the defining characteristics of respiratory nursing diagnoses in neonates

Objective: To develop and validate conceptual and operational definitions for the defining characteristics of the respiratory nursing diagnoses, ineffective breathing pattern, impaired gas exchange and impaired spontaneous ventilation, in newborns. Methods: This was a methodological study of conceptual validation of the defining characteristics of three respiratory nursing diagnoses, by consensus analysis of a committee of five specialist nurses, and then a group of five non-nursing professionals, using the Delphi technique. Results: After two rounds of evaluation, consensus was obtained that was equal to or greater than 80% on all of the definitions, which were then considered validated. Conclusion: The definitions developed for the defining characteristics of three nursing diagnoses were validated with a high level of consensus.
Wireless Electrocardiogram System with Telemedicine Application for In-Home Use

The advances in wireless technology and popularity of smart phones, coupled with their potential for various applications, haveled to an increase in telemedicine research and development. This study examines one such application in telemedicine by developing a compact wireless electrocardiogram device that utilizes software to visually display the waveform locally on a computer and also facilitates remote visibility of the waveform via webpage and Android phone application. The purpose of the system is to serve as a means for a doctor or physician to remotely view information of a patient away from a hospital setting.This system allows for a patient tobe at comfortin their home environment while providing health vital information, such as the electrocardiogram, to medical personnel.
Preventing Foodborne Illness: Cyclospora cayetanensis1

1. This document is FSHN05-19, one of a series of the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005. Reviewed: September 2008. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas. ufl.edu 2. Gerald Sigua, former student, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida; Keith R. Schneider, assistant professor, the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Studies, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, Gainesville; Renee M. Goodrich, assistant professor, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850; Michael J. Mahovic, graduate student, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; Riya Shukla, program co-coordinator for C. Wayne Ellett Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Clopidogrel, a P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist, Potentiates the Inflammatory Response in a Rat Model of Peptidoglycan Polysaccharide - Induced Arthritis,

Abstract 3287 Clopidogrel is a widely used anti-thrombotic drug that prevents platelet activation by irreversibly antagonizing P2Y12 receptor. This drug could be co-administrated in patients afflicted with inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Hence it is of importance to determine if blocking P2Y12 receptors has any therapeutic benefit during the inflammatory response. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of clopidogrel using an animal model of chronic inflammation. Genetically susceptible Lewis rats were injected intraperitoneally with peptidoglycan polysaccharide (PGPS) to develop arthritis and followed for 21 days. Interestingly, we noticed an increased level of inflammation in induced arthritis animals treated with clopidogrel compared with induced arthritis animals alone, including a) increased in joint diameter between day 15 and 21 (p<0.0001) with augmented clinical manifestations of inflammation, b) an elevated neutrophil blood count and an increased circulating platelet count (926 ± 195 × 103 vs. 561.25 ± 97 × 103 mL; p<0.05). Furthermore, microscopic differences were observed at the site of joint inflammation namely: a significant increase in leukocyte infiltration, pannus formation, blood vessel proliferation, subsynovial fibrosis and cartilage erosion upon treatment with clopidogrel in induced arthritis animals. Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-1 beta, interferon (IFN) gamma, and IL-6, were significantly increased in the induced arthritis animals treated with clopidogrel when compared to induced arthritis animals alone (p<0.05). In contrast, plasma levels of IL-10 were significantly lower when animals were treated with clopidogrel compared to induced arthritis animals alone (p<0.05). Plasma levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4) were increased in all animals treated with PGPS, however PF4 levels show not difference with clopidogrel treatment. This last finding suggests that the pro- inflammatory effect of clopidogrel may be due to its action on cells other than platelets. In summary, according to clinical observations, histopathology measurements and cytokine results, the antagonism of the P2Y12 receptor has a pro-inflammatory effect in this model of erosive arthritis, which might not be mediated only by platelets. These data provide new insights into the role that thienopyridine metabolites play during chronic inflammation distant from their action on platelets and with a detrimental outcome in this model of erosive arthritis Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Comparison of Exercise Treadmill Testing With Cardiac CT Angiography Among Patients Presenting To The Emergency Room With Chest Pain: ROMICAT Study

Background —The aim of our study was to (a) examine how data from exercise treadmill testing (ETT) can identify patients who have coronary plaque or stenosis, using CT angiography (CTA) as the reference standard, (b) identify patient characteristics that may be used in selecting ETT versus CTA. Methods and Results —The Rule Out Myocardial Infarction Using Computer Assisted Tomography (ROMICAT) trial was an observational cohort study of acute chest pain patients presenting to the emergency department with normal initial troponin and a non-ischemic electrocardiogram. Univariate and multivariable analysis were performed to assess the relationship of baseline clinical data and ETT parameters with coronary plaque and stenosis on CTA. Out of the 220 patients who had ETT (mean age 51, 63% male), 21 (10%) had positive results. A positive ETT had a sensitivity of 30% and specificity of 93% to detect >50% stenosis. The sensitivity increased to 83% after excluding uninterpretable segments and evaluating the ability to detect a >70% stenosis. Predictors of plaque included older age, male gender, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, lower functional capacity, and a lower Duke treadmill score. Both a positive ETT and a low Duke treadmill score were significant univariate and multivariable predictors of stenosis >50% on CTA While the prevalence of stenosis by CTA was greater among patients with more risk factors, coronary stenosis was not present among men <40 or women <50 years old or individuals who achieved at least 13 METS on ETT. Conclusions —Among low to intermediate risk patients with acute chest pain, a positive ETT has a limited sensitivity but high specificity for the detection of >50% stenosis by CTA. While patients with a high number of clinical risk factors are more likely to have obstructive CAD, those who are young or who would be expected to have a very high exercise capacity are unlikely to have coronary stenosis and, therefore, may benefit from initial ETT testing instead of CTA.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Severe Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from adult bone marrow have the capacity to differentiate into several mesenchymal tissues and inhibit T-cell alloreactivity in vitro. Within the EBMT MSC expansion consortium we have used MSC to treat grades III–IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in 40 patients. The MSC dose was median 1.0 (range 0.4–9) 10^6 cells/kg body weight of the recipient. No side-effects were seen after MSC infusions. Nineteen patients received one dose, 19 patients received two doses, two patients received three and five doses respectively. MSC donors were in five cases HLA-identical sibling donors, 19 haploidentical donors and 41 third-party HLA-mismatched donors. Among the 40 patients treated for severe acute GvHD, 19 had complete responses, nine showed improvement, seven patients did not respond, four had stable disease and one patient was not evaluated due to short follow-up. Twenty-one patients are alive between six weeks up to 3.5 years after transplantation. Nine of these patients have extensive chronic GvHD. One patient with ALL has recurrent leukaemia and one patient has denovo AML of recipient origin. We conclude that MSC have immunomodulatory and tissue repairing effects and should be further explored as treatment of severe acute GvHD in prospective randomized trials.
Registry of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system in the Asia-Pacific region

Background and Objective: Comparable data are sparse for infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in the Asia-Pacifi c region, and we aimed to establish a registry of patients with such diseases in the region. Methods: A network of neurologists in the Asia-Pacifi c Region was established to register patients with the targeted diseases. A standardized register form and relevant instructions in English, translated into the local language when needed, were prepared before the study start and used for data collection. Results: Eight study centres from different countries/areas participated in the study. In total, 857 patients with a validated diagnosis of different infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS were registered, 591 females and 266 males with a female-to-male ratio 2.2. The mean age at onset for all patients was 35.9 (SD: 12.9) years, signifi cantly younger (p = 0.010) for females (35.1 years, SD: 12.6 years) than for males (37.6 years, SD: 13.4 years). Conclusion: Patients with different infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS were in the fi rst time registered in a multi-centre study from eight countries/areas in the Asia-Pacifi c region. A platform and basis has been established for further study in the fi eld.