Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in research on Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, the causal agent of sugarcane yellow leaf.

Yellow leaf caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) was the most studied disease of sugarcane during the last decade. The genome of SCYLV has been fully sequenced and characterised, and the virus was recently assigned to the genus Polerovirus of the family Luteoviridae. Molecular and immunological assays were developed to detect the virus in symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. SCYLV is spread by infected sugarcane cuttings and the aphid vectors Ceratovacuna lanigera, Melanaphis sacchari and Rhopalosiphum maidis, and the virus was successfully transmitted via these aphids from sugarcane to several species of Poaceae. Saccharum species are, however, the only known natural hosts of SCYLV. Diversity studies showed that SCYLV is a variable virus, and several genotypes of this pathogen have been described. One genotype was found in all studied geographical locations from Africa, the Americas, and Asia, whereas two other genotypes were found in only 4 of 18 locations. Variation in capacity of infection and in virulence exists between genotypes or isolates of SCYLV, and use of sugarcane resistance to infection by the virus appears the most promising means to control yellow leaf in the field. (Resume d'auteur)
Constructing social mobility and social cohesion within a business community in Malaysia

This paper discusses the social mobility within Malaysian business community, particularly in terms of the inter-generational social economic achievement, and its relationship with social cohesion. The survey was conducted on 554 business community and hawkers from various ethnics in Malaysia. The findings of the research showed that the intergenerational (father and children) education mobility is the upward mobility. The findings show that the level of social cohesion among business community is good due to the positive and moderate responds towards 18 social cohesion indicators based on 6 dimensions of social cohesion, namely self-belonging, recognition, inclusiveness, equality, participation and legitimacy. Study on social mobility and social cohesion is very significant because the social cohesion can only be succeeding when individuals in the community believe that they are able to improve their quality of life and their children will enjoy the happiness through their own abilities, talents and efforts. Thus, when a society enjoyed a convenience life, not separated in any social economic matters, have the same rights to change their lives and acquire the equal rewards, then the society can be considered to be stated at the level of social cohesion.
Understanding, assessing and enhancing student evaluative judgement in digital environments

Student evaluative judgements are seen as problematic in higher education because it is difﬁcult for students to develop sophisticated understandings of quality work in their discipline (Cowan 2010). Much of the emphasis in the existing literature on student evaluative judgement has focused on judgements of artefacts (e.g., Boud and Soler 2016); that is, quality is determined through an evaluation of a product or output in relation to another product. While it is imperative that students are given a clear sense of what quality output looks like so that they can strive towards it, it is also important that they know what quality learning processes look like so that they can calibrate as they learn. As Sadler (2009) points out, evaluative judgements need to occur not only in relation to completed work but also during production of the work.
Integration of embryonic zebrafish and passive sampling device extracts to explore effects of pesticide mixtures

Pesticides are ubiquitous, with more than one billion tons of pesticide products used in the United States annually. These compounds are characterized by their toxic effects to the target organism; however, pesticides are also well known for their deleterious effects to non-target species. Because pesticides have ecological and human health effects, it is important to investigate their prevalence in the environment, as well as their bioavailability and toxicity. Passive sampling devices (PSD) are commonly used to evaluate contaminants, including pesticides, found in water, air and soil. The PSD used for this research is an aquatic sampler that sequesters freely dissolved non-polar and semi-polar contaminants by diffusion into and adsorption to a lipid-free polyethylene membrane tubing (LFT). Thus, PSD can act reasonably as a biological surrogate, mimicking non-dietary bioavailability. Additionally, PSD extracts are proposed to be amenable to investigate toxicity of biologically available environmental mixtures utilizing the embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. To investigate this potential application, experiments were performed to evaluate the toxicity of non-deployed blank PSD extracts and non-deployed extracts spiked with individual pesticides or pesticide mixtures. For this proof of concept study, embryonic zebrafish were static waterborne exposed before the initiation of organogenesis. Two time points were monitored for mortality and alterations in development. The blank extracts did not result in any adverse developmental effects, relative to non-exposed controls. Embryos exposed to a comprehensive fourteen compound pesticide mixture extract produced an increase in adverse developmental responses as concentration increased. Experiments investigating the toxicity of individual compounds and partial pesticide mixtures were also performed. These preliminary studies indicate that the coupling of PSD extracts and in vivo toxicological assessments is realistic.
El género Arrabidaea (Bignoniaceae) en Argentina: nuevos registros, distribución y fenología

The argentine Bignoniaceae include 23 enera and 56 species. Among the vines, Arrabidaea OC. is the genus with the highest number of native species. A.samydoi"des (Cham.) Sandwith, not known for Argentina, and A.tripline ia (OC.) Baill. ex Bureau, which was cited but not documented, are described and illustrat d. A key is provided to identify the nine native species. A comparative analysis is made of their distribution in Argentina and their phenology.
Diversity of Cyanobacteria in Chunkankadai Paddy Wetlands, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, South India

Algae are one of the major groups of soil microflora in agricultural lands. Among algae, the bluegreens are considered to be very valuable in agriculture. The role of them in soil fertility enhancement has been extensively studied worldwide. The Cyanobacteria (blue green algae) are a morphologically distinct group of oxygenic, photosynthetic organisms that inhabit terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Sustainable utilization of an organism for any human purpose depends on how successfully the ecology of the same is thoroughly understood. Chunkankadai is a unique tropical paddy-wetland. Ecology of blue-green-algae and the exact diversity of the same in the zone remained unexplored. A rich blue-green-algal diversity of 33 species, is observed in these paddyfields. The species richness and diversity index showed positive correlation to crop seasons. Apart from the specific soil and climatic factors, the total number of blue green algal isolates showed positive correlation to total nitrogen and phosphorus in the soils. The results of this experiment revealed that addition of Cyanobacteria as biofertilizer had significant effects on yield attributes of rice and soil properties. Finally, it might be concluded that the documentation on Cyanobacteria may enhance the understanding of the nutrient status of the field and might be applied for sustainable agricultural practices by reducing the application of chemical fertilizer to avoid the appearance of non-nitrogen fixers in the soil that might compete with nitrogen fixers for nutrients. Original Research Article Kensa; ARJA, 3(1): 1-6, 2017; Article no.ARJA. 31248 2
Ecology of Vector Mosquitoes of Japanese Encephalitis, Especially of Culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus. : 4. Development of Immature Stages of Culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus with Particular Reference to Temperature in Spring and Autumn

Eggs of Culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus laid by wild-caught and laboratorycolonized females were reared to adults under outdoor natural conditions particularly in spring and autumn, and the relation of the developmental period of immature stages of the mosquito to the extrinsic temperature was given. The results indicated that the developmental speed of immature stages given as the reciprocal of period decreases clearly with the drop of temperature and the development hardly occurs at the temperature below about 16°C.
Chemical Properties of Olive and Bay Leaves

The chemical properties of olive and bay leaves were investigated and analyzed to provide basic data for food materialization and processing. The moisture contents of olive and bay leaves were and , respectively. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and carbohydrates of olive leaf were , respectively. And the contents of same those components of bay leaf were , respectively. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid in olive leaf were major amino acids, glutamic acid and leucine in bay leaf were the major amino acids. The major free sugar of olive leaf was sucrose . Whereas major free sugar of bay leaf was glucose . Palmitic acid and linolenic acid were major fatty acid in crude fat of both olive leaf and bay leaf. The Ca contents were the highest in olive leaf and bay leaf . Vitamin A contents of olive and bay leaves were 5.10 mg/100 g and 6.49 mg/100 g, respectively. Vitamin C contents of olive and bay leaves were 36.64 mg/100 g and 13.86 mg/100 g, respectively. But vitamin and were not detected.
COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR TRAPPING RODENTS AND SHREWS

ABSTRACT A major problem with trappping rodents and shrews is that trap success and data interpretation are complicated by a wide range of factors. Animals react in various ways according to species, age, and sex. It is not always possible or necessary, to account for all factors that may influence the trapping results of each study, but an understanding of possible biases is important. This paper investigates biases associated with different methods of determining relative abundance of small mammals. Mammals with a mass of between 5 and 25g were most frequently caught in pitfall traps, while larger animals (mass range 30 to 60 g) were more commonly caught in box traps. Thus, if only one method is used, part of the community may be missed, and it is suggested that more than one method be employed to determine small mammal community structure.
Comparing serious or persistent absence from school in England and the Netherlands : an exploration of the influence of vulnerability and offending behaviour

i Declaration . viii List of tables . ix List of figures . x Abbreviations . xi Acknowledgement . xiii Dissemination of Research . xiv Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Definitions . 2 1.3 Different types of absence from school . 5 1.4 Responding to serious or persistent absence from school . 6 1.4. 1 Coping, taming or solving. 7 1.4. 2 Legal response in England and the Netherlands . 8 1.5 Theoretical framework . 10 1.5. 1 Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory . 11 1.5. 2 Bandura's social cognitive theory . 13 1.5. 3 Farrington's risk and protective factors paradigm . 13 1.6 Research focus . 14 1.7 Organisation of the thesis . 16 Chapter 2: Literature review . 18 2.
An introduction to deep learning on biological sequence data: examples and solutions

Motivation Deep neural network architectures such as convolutional and long short‐term memory networks have become increasingly popular as machine learning tools during the recent years. The availability of greater computational resources, more data, new algorithms for training deep models and easy to use libraries for implementation and training of neural networks are the drivers of this development. The use of deep learning has been especially successful in image recognition; and the development of tools, applications and code examples are in most cases centered within this field rather than within biology. Results Here, we aim to further the development of deep learning methods within biology by providing application examples and ready to apply and adapt code templates. Given such examples, we illustrate how architectures consisting of convolutional and long short‐term memory neural networks can relatively easily be designed and trained to state‐of‐the‐art performance on three biological sequence problems: prediction of subcellular localization, protein secondary structure and the binding of peptides to MHC Class II molecules. Availability and implementation All implementations and datasets are available online to the scientific community at https://github.com/vanessajurtz/lasagne4bio. Contact skaaesonderby@gmail.com Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Influence of molybdenum on haematological indices in buffalo calves

An experimental trial was conducted on eight healthy buffalo calves aged between 6 and 12 months, divided into 2 groups equally. Group 1 calves served as healthy control while group 2 (treatment group) was administered sodium molybdate @ 30 mg/kg/day. Among group 2 calves daily administration of sodium molybdate for three consecutive weeks produced immediate alterations in various haematological parameters in comparison to healthy buffalo calves. Repeated oral administration of sodium molybdate in treatment group exerted profound anaemia and decline in the mean values of Hb, PCV, TLC, TEC, and MCH. However, no significant effect on values of ESR, MCHC and MCV was noticed. Thus to maintain the proper health and production in buffaloes exposure to excess dietary molybdenum should be avoided.
Evaluation of atherogenic laboratory markers in Behçet’s disease patients with vascular involvement

Introduction Behçet’s disease is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis presenting with immunological and endothelial changes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate blood levels of diagnostic markers which can be used in Behçet’s patients with vascular involvement. Material and methods Fifty Behçet’s patients (22 with vascular involvement) and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), apolipoprotein B (apoB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, total cholesterol, Lp-plA-2, homocysteine and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS program version 11.0. p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results hsCRP, TNF-α, homocysteine, IMA, apoA1, apoB, HDL, Lp-pla2 and ESR levels in patient and control groups were significantly different (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.003 respectively). In Behçet’s patients with vascular involvement, homocysteine, TNF-α and Lp-pla2 levels were significantly higher than in Behçet’s patients without vascular involvement (p = 0.035, p = 0.010 and p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions Increased levels of inflammatory and atherogenic markers in Behçet’s patients are an expected outcome due to the inflammatory nature of the disease. Especially, elevated levels of homocysteine, TNF-α and Lp-pla2 make them candidate diagnostic tools to be helpful in clinical evaluation of Behçet’s disease patients with vascular involvement.
Antagonistic Compounds Producing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: A Tool for Management of Plant Disease

Agriculture is facing struggle to meet the various confront of reducing plant diseases for an increasing world population food security. Great quantities of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are required for high productivity which can damage ecosystem structures and functions, including the soil microbial community which plays an important role in agriculture sustainability. Soil is an excellent niche of growth of much plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. PGPR are naturally occurring soil bacteria that aggressively colonize in plant roots and play a vital role in crop Review Article Singh et al.; JAMB, 3(4): 1-12, 2017; Article no.JAMB. 33368 2 protection, growth promotion and in the improvement of soil health. Scientific researchers involve multidisciplinary approaches to understand adaptation of PGPR, effects on plant physiology and growth induced systemic resistance, biocontrol of plant pathogens and biofertilization. The primary mechanism of biocontrol by PGPR involves the production of antibiotics such as carboxylic acid, 2,4-diacetyl phloroglucinoloomycin,pyoluteorin,pyrrolnitrin,kanosamine,zwittemycin-A and pantocin. A cascade of endogenous signals such as sensor kinases, N-acyl homoserine lactones and sigma factors regulates the synthesis of antibiotics. Some of these antibiotics have broad spectrum against many plant pathogens like fungi, viruses and bacteria, affecting crop plants. These antibiotics also serve as determinants in triggering induced systemic resistance (ISR) in the plant system.
Editorial: Smart city, knowledge city, sustainable city - the brand soup of contemporary cities

The sustainability concept has become a prevalent policy underpinning both developed and developing countries’ planning agendas. This is mainly the result of externalities—e.g., climate change, non-renewable resource depletion, air, water and land pollution, rapid and sprawling urbanisation, and social inequalities—that are often not considered until they reach the level, where disregarding consequences of these externalities may jeopardise the overall wealth and wellbeing of the citizens. The trend of growing urban population and associated citizen needs has highlighted the importance of actions, which should be taken to reach the goals of sustainable communities.
Malaria parasites (Apicomplexa, Haematozoea) and their relationships with their hosts: is there an evolutionary cost for the specialization?

Parasite–host specialization is frequently considered to be a derived state such that it represents an evolutionary dead end that strongly limits further evolution. In this study, it was tested whether this theory is applicable to the relationship of malaria parasites and their vertebrate hosts. For this, we revisited Perkins and Schall (2002) analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the malaria parasites (belonging to the genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Hepatocystis) based on the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene sequence, and inferred, using a maximum likelihood (ML) approach, the putative ancestral vertebrate hosts. As the topology in this study presents several unresolved branches and is slightly different from that of Perkins and Schall, a Shimodaira and Hasegawa (SH; 1999) test has been performed in order to properly consider several alternative topologies. The results of this study suggest that the common ancestor of all these malaria parasites was a reptile (more specific of the order Squamata), and that the host switches from Squamata to Aves and vice versa were quite frequent along the evolution of these parasites. On the contrary, a strong evidence that the host shift from Squamata to Mammalia had occurred only once during the evolution of these organisms was found. This evidence (added to the current knowledge about the association of the malaria parasites with their vertebrate hosts) allows us to suggest, at least considering the species included in this study, that the adaptation in mammals had required a high level of specialization. Hence, the acquisition of this host class had culminated in an evolutionary dead end for the mammalian malaria parasites.
Pengaruh Citra Merek, Cinta Merek Dan Kepercayaan Merek Terhadap Word Of Mouth Pada Pengguna Mobil Toyota Di Surabaya

This research aims to determine the effect of brand image, brand love, and brand trust to word of mouth simultaneously. This research includes the development of research with reference to the journals and books that guide researchers. Determination of the subject is done by purposive sampling, which consists of a large sample of 110 respondents in accordance with the theory used. Data collected with questionnaire. This questionnaire is used to determine how much influence the brand image, brand love, and brand trust in influencing word of mouth. Data were analyzed by descriptive quantitative. The results showed that brand image and brand trust has an positive significant effect on word of mouth. But brand love has an positive effect on but not significant word of mouth. Keywords: Brand Image, Brand Love, Brand Trust, Word of Mouth
The trichotomosulcate asparagoids: pollen morphology of Hemerocallidaceae in relation to systematics and pollination biology

Abstract. We examined pollen of 19 genera of Hemerocallidaceae by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and one genus (Dianella) by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pollen was generally small in size, with a rounded triangular outline when hydrated, and a characteristic three-armed aperture, a distal trichotomosulcus. The pollen surface was finely sculptured and the exine was thin. Microreticulate pollen is a potential synapomorphy for several species of the ‘crown phormioid’ subclade recognised in molecular analyses. Perforate and fossulate pollen supports a relationship between several species of Dianella. Microrugulate pollen is more frequent in the johnsonioids than in the phormioids. Hemerocallis is distinguished by elongated monosulcate pollen, a relatively thick exine with a pronounced reticulate surface, and large globules of attached pollenkitt. We hypothesise that Hemerocallidaceae are ancestrally buzz-pollinated, and their pollen morphology is an adaptation to this pollination type. A reversal to butterfly or moth pollination occurred in Hemerocallis, with associated changes in pollen morphology.
Effect of cryopreservation on integrity of plasmatic and acrosomal membrane of bulls sperm.

La integridad de la membrana plasmatica (MP) y acrosomal (MA) han sido dos de los parametros de valoracion seminal mas estudiados por su rol preponderante como limite celular y por ser responsable de hacer efectivas las interacciones entre celulas, tanto en terminos de integridad morfologica, como funcional. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la criopreservacion sobre el porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos (VIT), acrosomas danados (DAR), y la integridad estructural y funcional de la MP y MA de espermatozoides provenientes de 5 eyaculados frescos y 5 pajuelas descongeladas de 4 toros mediante frotis tenidos con eosina-nigrosina. La integridad funcional de estas membranas fue evaluada mediante los tests osmoticos (HOST y ORT). Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados con el procedimiento GLM (SAS®) y cuando se observaron diferencias se cuantificaron los efectos mediante el LSMEANS. Todos los valores de calidad espermatica estudiados fueron afectados significativamente por la criopreservacion (VIT, DAR, ORT y HOST). El proceso de congelacion-descongelacion causo un marcado efecto detrimental sobre la integridad estructural y funcional de la MP y MA de los espermatozoides evaluados (P<0,05). Sin embargo, se pudo demostrar como los espermatozoides resisten de manera diferente los efectos detrimentales de la criopreservacion. Asi mismo, el estudio confirma que el dano criogenico puede ocurrir indistintamente sobre la integridad estructural y funcional MP y MA, lo que afectaria la capacidad fecundante de las muestras seminales destinadas a Inseminacion Artificial.