Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Month Old Female with Prolonged Fever , Pulmonary Nodules , and a Rare Diagnosis of Infantile Takayasu Arteritis : A Multidisciplinary Collaboration

Mathews Journal of Pediatrics 3 Month Old Female with Prolonged Fever, Pulmonary Nodules, and a Rare Diagnosis of Infantile Takayasu Arteritis: A Multidisciplinary Collaboration David Leone1, Caitlin Zaner2, Lauren M Cohee3, Jason W Custer4 1University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pediatrics (m/c 856), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. 2University of Maryland, Department of Pediatrics Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. 3University of Maryland, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease, 820 Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. 4University of Maryland, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care, 110 S. Paca St., 8th Floor, Ste. 820 Baltimore, MD 21201,USA. Corresponding Author: David Leone, University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pediatrics (m/c 856), 840 S Wood Street (14th floor), Chicago, IL 60612, USA, Tel: 201-919-1759; Email: dml5064@gmail.com
Traumatic Wound Dehiscence After Penetrating Keratoplasty

Eighteen eyes with wound dehiscence after penetrating keratoplasty were studied. Keratoplasty was performed for corneal scarring (n = 8), dystrophies (n = 6), graft failure (n = 2), and corneal edema (n = 2). The mean duration between keratoplasty and wound dehiscence was 6.54 months. All eyes underwent wound repair with or without iris excision, lensectomy, and vitrectomy. Grafts remained clear in eight eyes. Five eyes developed phthisis bulbi. Visual acuity was better than 20/200 in seven eyes. There was no site (quadrant) specificity for dehiscence. Trivial trauma resulted in dehiscence in 10 of the 18 eyes. The major determinants of visual outcome were the force of trauma and status of the posterior segment. Dehiscence of the graft-host junction in all cases reflects its persistent weakness after surgery.
The Rise of mHealth Research in Europe

The proliferation of mhealth holds great promise for improving human health. The mhealth industry has developed into a vivid ecosystem, growing steadily over the last years with the adoption of new technologies and business models that are transforming healthcare. To this end, the European Commission launched several initiatives offering great funding opportunities for researchers and organizations. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the readers with a macroscopic analysis of the European mhealth-related funded activities of the last decade. The study examines the current situation and future trends in three main axes (innovation, area of application, and adoption) to assess whether the provided mhealth solutions are positioned to have a fundamental impact on healthcare domain. The mhealth research is accelerating fast and holds great promise, improving both patient outcomes while lowering the healthcare costs.
Parametric vector quantization for coding percussive sounds in music

This paper presents a novel parametric vector quantization (PVQ) scheme as the secondary encoding to code perceptually salient percussive sounds such as drums in the time domain. It is deployed to improve the quality of service in the case of packet losses during percussive events. As a generalization and an improvement of our earlier system, the new scheme can achieve a better balance between bandwidth efficiency and error robustness. The proposed coding technique has been implemented with the MPEG-2 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) frame structure. Experimental results with music samples have shown the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Design of Antibacterial Surfaces and Interfaces: Polyelectrolyte Multilayers as a Multifunctional Platform

The adhesion and proliferation of bacteria on abiotic surfaces pose challenges related to human infection, including subsequent formation of antibiotic-resistant biofilms in both healthcare and industrial applications. Although the design of antibacterial materials is a longstanding effort, the surface properties that modulate adhesion of viable bacteria—the critical first step in biofilm formation—have been difficult to decouple. This partial and limited success is due chiefly to two factors. First, bacteria cells exhibit multiple, complex adhesion mechanisms that vary with bacteria strain, rapid genetic mutations within a given strain, and mutable environmental stimuli such as nutrient levels and fluid velocities. Second, there exist only a limited number of studies that systematically characterize or vary the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of potential antimicrobial materials. Here, we briefly review the dominant strategies for antimicrobial material surface design, including the advanta.
Reduction of carbon tetrachloride-induced rat liver injury by IRFI 042, a novel dual vitamin E-like antioxidant

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity is likely the result of a CCl4-induced free radical production which causes membrane lipid peroxidation and activation of transcription factors regulating both the TNF-α gene and the early-immediate genes involved in tissue regeneration. IRFI 042 is a novel vitamin E-like compound having a masked sulphydryl group in the aliphatic side chain. We studied the effect of IRFI 042 on CCl4-induced liver injury. Liver damage was induced in male rats by an intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (1 ml/kg in vegetal oil). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, liver malondialdehyde (MAL), hydroxyl radical formation (OH·), calculated indirectly by a trapping agent, hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, plasma TNF-α, liver histology and hepatic mRNA levels for TNF-α were evaluated 48 h after CCl4 administration. Hepatic vitamin E (VE) levels were evaluated, in a separate group of animals, 2 h after CCl4 injection. A control group with vitamin E (100 mg/kg) was also treated in order to evaluate the differences versus the analogue treated groups. Intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride produced a marked increase in serum ALT activity (CCl4= 404.61 ± 10.33 U/L; Controls= 28.54 ± 4.25 U/L), liver MAL (CCl4= 0.67 ± 0.16 nmol/mg protein; Controls= 0.13 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein), OH· levels assayed as 2,3-DHBA (CCl4= 8.73 ± 1.46 μM; Controls= 0.45 ± 0.15 μM) and 2,5-DHBA (CCl4= 24.61 ± 3.32 μM; Controls= 2.75 ± 0.93 μM), induced a severe depletion of GSH (CCl4= 3.26 ± 1.85 μmol/g protein; Controls= 17.82 ± 3.13 μmol/g protein) and a marked decrease in VE levels (CCl4= 5.67 ± 1.22 nmol/g tissue; Controls= 13.47 ± 3.21 nmol/g tissue), caused liver necrosis, increased plasma TNF-α levels (CCl4= 57.36 ± 13.24 IU/ml; Controls= 7.26 ± 2.31 IU/ml) and enhanced hepatic mRNA for TNF-α (CCl4= 19.22 ± 4.38 a.u.; Controls= 0.76 ± 0.36 a.u.). IRFI 042 (100 mg/kg, 30 min after CCl4 injection) blunted liver MAL (0.32 ± 0.17 nmol/mg protein), decreased the serum levels of ALT (128.71 ± 13.23 U/L), and restored the hepatic concentrations of VE (9.52 ± 3.21 nmol/g tissue), inhibited OH· production (2,3-DHBA= 3.54 ± 1.31 μM; 2,5-DHBA= 7.37 ± 2.46 μM), restored the endogenous antioxidant GSH (12.77 ± 3.73 mmol/g protein) and improved histology. Furthermore IRFI 042 treatment suppressed plasma TNF-α concentrations (31.47 ± 18.25 IU/ml) and hepatic TNF-α mRNA levels (11.65 ± 3.21 a.u.). The acute treatment with vitamin E failed to exert any protective effect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. These investigations suggest that IRFI 042 treatment may be of benefit during free radical-mediated liver injury.
Focusing on Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Introduction to Bromocriptine QR

Abstract Cardiovascular risk reduction is a key priority in patients with diabetes. The relationship between glycemic control and macrovascular outcomes, such as the benefit of intensive glucose control and the importance of postprandial or fasting blood glucose, is still under debate. A number of pharmacologic options are available to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and these options have differing evidence for their cardiovascular safety. In this article, the novel agent bromocriptine quick release is discussed. Recently approved, this once–daily treatment provides glycemic control as monotherapy or in combination with other antihyperglycemic medications and has been shown in a prospective phase 3 safety study to not increase cardiovascular risk. Therefore, bromocriptine quick release increases the range of options available to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without increasing cardiovascular risk.
Intestinal Dysbiosis and Depletion of Butyrogenic Bacteria in Clostridium difficile Infection and Nosocomial Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) causes nearly half a million cases of diarrhea and colitis in the United States each year. Although the importance of the gut microbiota in C. difficile pathogenesis is well recognized, components of the human gut flora critical for colonization resistance are not known. Culture-independent high-density Roche 454 pyrosequencing was used to survey the distal gut microbiota for 39 individuals with CDI, 36 subjects with C. difficile-negative nosocomial diarrhea (CDN), and 40 healthy control subjects. A total of 526,071 partial 16S rRNA sequence reads of the V1 to V3 regions were aligned with 16S databases, identifying 3,531 bacterial phylotypes from 115 fecal samples. Genomic analysis revealed significant alterations of organism lineages in both the CDI and CDN groups, which were accompanied by marked decreases in microbial diversity and species richness driven primarily by a paucity of phylotypes within the Firmicutes phylum. Normally abundant gut commensal organisms, including the Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families and butyrate-producing C2 to C4 anaerobic fermenters, were significantly depleted in the CDI and CDN groups. These data demonstrate associations between the depletion of Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and butyrogenic bacteria in the gut microbiota and nosocomial diarrhea, including C. difficile infection. Mechanistic studies focusing on the functional roles of these organisms in diarrheal diseases and resistance against C. difficile colonization are warranted.
Reasons for the unsuccessful extension of time (EoT) claim in the Malaysian construction industry

Claim in relation to time is among of the contractual claims that are unavoidable in any construction project. This paper aims to identify the reasons for the unsuccessful extension of time (EoT) claims in the Malaysian construction industry. A survey research approach, using questionnaire was used and findings revealed that it is common for the EoT claim to be rejected during its first submission and requires further submission with some amendment and modification to facilitate the assessment process by the contract administrator. Insufficiency of the claim document, poor presentation of claims and lack of evidences to support the claim has been found to be among of the reasons for their rejection. The findings suggest that competencies in handling claims, effective record keeping, and strict adherence to the contract are among of the recipes towards achieving a successful EoT claim.
The future of the quality policy in the light of the CAP post-2013

Quality policy is an integral part of the CAP and represents a useful instrument for promoting both the competitiveness of the agricultural system and the vitality of rural areas. With the “quality package”, changes are introduced in the normative framework of the PDO, PGI and TSG products, with the objective of answering to the needs of both producers, for sustainable profitability, and consumers, for a higher level of information and guarantees on the origin of products. Nevertheless, considering the magnitude of structural and socio-economic differences that mark quality production systems across Europe, the possibility of making the system capable of answering to the different needs still seems to be open.
Key barriers in the growth of rural health care: an ISM-MICMAC approach

Purpose The health care industry has experienced vibrant growth since the last few decades. Total health care business has reached more than US$160bn in the country and is still growing, but sustainable growth of industry is a major area of concern. An unsustainable and uneven growth might contribute in growth presently, but will not help in the long run due to extinction in future. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The research has been divided into two phases to analyze the barriers to achieve sustainable growth, i.e., identification of barriers and their analysis. The study has used three different research phases: identification of barriers from the literature, interviews with experts of industry and designing an ISM model. The identification phase led to the selection of 19 barriers from literature and by suggestions from industrial experts. The interpretive structural modeling (ISM) analysis was used to understand the impact and linkage of identified barriers. The barriers are further classified into four major categories on the basis of drive power and dependence power using “Matrices d’Impacts Croises Multiplication. Appliqué a un Classement” analysis. Findings The present research identifies 19 barriers in the field of growth of health care mainly in rural area with 11 levels in ISM-designed model. Barriers such as lack of awareness, medical mistrust, cost/benefit, transportation, high out of pocket expenditure, lack of health insurance, medical unawareness and the cultural dimension (traditional beliefs) have very high dependency power. These variables are highly influenced by other barriers. Barriers such as low outreach (geographical reach), information and communication, insufficient capacity planning, and highest growth in population have very high driving and dependence power. They have a very high impact on the system as any change in them will have a direct impact on others. Remaining seven selected barriers have a very high driving power and they are generally independent in nature and have less impact on the system as whole. Social implications This study seeks to identify which barrier is acting as the most dominant one and this result is helpful for policy-makers to achieve goals of National Health Mission (NHM) by removing the dominant barrier. Originality/value Total health care business reaches more than US$160bn in the country and is still growing, but sustainable growth of industry is a major area of concern. This paper is one of the preliminary attempts to identify which barrier is acting as the most dominant one and this result is helpful for policy-makers to achieve the goals of NHM by removing the dominant barrier.
The Effect of Six Keyboard Designs on Wrist and Forearm Postures

There is increasing evidence that alternative geometry keyboards may prevent or reduce arm pain or disorders and presumably the mechanism is by reducing awkward arm postures. However, the effects of alternative keyboards, especially the new designs, on wrist and arm postures are not well known. In this laboratory study, the wrist and forearm postures of 100 subjects were measured with a motion analysis system while they typed on 6 different keyboard configurations. There were significant differences in wrist extension, ulnar deviation, and forearm pronation between keyboards. When considering all 6 wrist and forearm postures together, the keyboard with an opening angle of 12°, a gable angle of 14°, and a slope of 0° appears to provide the most neutral posture among the keyboards tested in the configuration tested. This study identifies significant wrist and forearm posture differences between 6 keyboard configurations. These findings may assist in ergonomic recommendations regarding computer usage.
Effect of Cranial Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine on Cerebral Tissue Oxygenation

Abstract Context: The use of cranial osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) to alter cerebral tissue oxygen saturation could play a role in the maintenance of cerebral homeostasis. Objective: To examine the effects of cranial OMM on cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SCTO2) and cardiac autonomic function in healthy adults. Methods: Cranial OMM augmentation and suppression techniques and sham therapy were randomly applied to healthy adults. During cranial OMM and sham therapy, SCTO2 of the prefrontal cortex was determined bilaterally by using near-infrared spectroscopy. Heart rate, blood pressure, and systemic arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) were also measured. Power spectral analysis was applied to continuous 4-minute R-R intervals. Measurements were made during 2-minute baseline periods, during 4-minute applications of the techniques, and during 5-minute recovery periods. Results: Twenty-one adults (age range, 23-32 y) participated in the present study. Differences in mean baseline measurements for the augmentation technique, suppression technique, and sham therapy were not statistically significant for heart rate, blood pressure, SaO2, left SCTO2, or right SCTO2. During the suppression technique, there was a statistically significant decrease in both left (slope [standard deviation]= -0.33 [0.08] %/min, R2=0.85, P=.026) and right (slope [standard deviation]=-0.37 [0.06] %/min, R2=0.94, P=.007) SCTO2 with increased cranial OMM time. However, neither the augmentation technique nor the sham therapy had a statistically significant effect on SCTO2. Decreases in normalized low-frequency power of R-R interval variability and enhancements of its high-frequency power were statistically significant (P=.05) during cranial OMM and sham therapy, indicating a decrease in cardiac sympathetic influence and an enhanced parasympathetic modulation. Conclusion: The cranial OMM suppression technique effectively and progressively reduced SCTO2 in both prefrontal lobes with the treatment time.
An introduction to Christianity

Index of Study Panels. Index to Maps and Diagrams. Why Study Christianity? Introduction. How to Use this Book. Exploring Christianity from the Outside. Part I: Jesus of Nazareth: The Founder and the Sources: 1. The Christian Bible: An Introduction. 2. The Old Testament. 3. The New Testament. 4. The History of Jesus. 5. The Significance of Jesus: The New Testament. 6. The Significance of Jesus: The Christian Tradition. Part II: The Teachings of Christianity: 7. The Creeds of Christianity. 8. The Sources of Christian Teachings. 9. The Teachings of Christianity. Part III: The History of Christianity: 10. The Early Church to c. 700. 11. The Middle Ages, c. 700 - c. 1500. 12. The Reformation of the Church 1500 - 1750. 13. Christianity in the West, 1750 to the Present. 14. The Rise of Christianity in the Developing World. Part IV: The Christian Way: 15. The Christian Life. 16. Modern Christianity: An Overview of its Forms. Christian Resources on the Internet. A Glossary of Technical Christian Terms. Further Reading. Software Packages Relating to the Study of Christianity.
An improved data structure for cumulative probability tables

In 1994 Peter Fenwick at the University of Auckland devised an elegant mechanism for tracking the cumulative symbol frequency counts that are required for adaptive arithmetic coding. His structure spends O(log n) time per update when processing the sth symbol in an alphabet of n symbols. In this note we propose a small but significant alteration to this mechanism, and reduce the running time to O(log (1+s)) time per update. If a probability‐sorted alphabet is maintained, so that symbol s in the alphabet is the sth most frequent, the cost of processing each symbol is then linear in the number of bits produced by the arithmetic coder. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly porous carbon with large electrochemical ion absorption capability for high-performance supercapacitors and ion capacitors

Carbon-based supercapacitors have attracted extensive attention as the complement to batteries, owing to their durable lifespan and superiority in high-power-demand fields. However, their widespread use is limited by the low energy storage density; thus, a high-surface-area porous carbon is urgently needed. Herein, a highly porous carbon with a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area up to 3643 m2 g−1 has been synthesized by chemical activation of papayas for the first time. This sp2-bonded porous carbon has a continuous three-dimensional network of highly curved, atom-thick walls that form narrow mesopores of 2 ∼ 5 nm in width, which can be systematically tailored with varied activation levels. Two-electrode symmetric supercapacitors constructed by this porous carbon achieve energy density of 8.1 Wh kg−1 in aqueous electrolyte and 65.5 Wh kg−1 in ionic-liquid electrolyte. Furthermore, half-cells (versus Li or Na metal) using this porous carbon as ion sorption cathodes yield high specific capacity, e.g., 51.0 and 39.3 mAh g−1 in Li+ and Na+ based organic electrolyte. These results underline the possibility of obtaining the porous carbon for high-performance carbon-based supercapacitors and ion capacitors in a readily scalable and economical way.
Does it pay to be sustainable? Looking inside the black box of the relationship between sustainability performance and financial performance

The last three decades have witnessed a huge amount of research exploring the linkage between companies' sustainability performance (SP), sustainability disclosure and financial performance (FP). Researchers have applied various methods and techniques to investigate this relationship, yet the results remain equivocal. In this article, we look inside this black box by considering various manifestations of sustainability practices and investigating their link with FP. We apply a manual content analysis technique to analyse the sustainability reports of the 100 best-performing US firms. Our results reveal that fragmentation in the results is caused by the SP measurement. Additionally, we note that the interlinkages between different SP dimensions and sub-dimensions are weak and somewhat contradictory. The results help draw important policy implications for the development of an SP reporting framework.
The journey from precontemplation to action: Transitioning between electronic medical record systems

Background: Health care organizations, in response to federal programs, have sought to identify electronic medical record (EMR) strategies that align well with their visions for success. Little exists in the literature discussing the transition from one EMR strategy to another. Purpose: The analysis and planning process used by a major academic medical center in its journey to adopt a new strategy was described in this study. We use the transtheoretical model of change to frame the five phases through which the organization transitioned from a best-of-breed system to an enterprise system. Methodology/Approach: We explore the five phases of change from the perspective of a maturing approach to new technology adoption. Data collection included archival retrieval and review as well as interviews with key stakeholders. Findings: Although there was always a focus on some enterprise capabilities such as computerized physician order entry, the emphasis on EMR selection tended to be driven by specialty requirements. Focusing on the patient across the continuum of care, as opposed to focusing on excessive requirements by clinical specialties, was essential in forming and deploying a vision for the new EMR. Practice Implications: This research outlines a successful pathway used by an organization that had invested heavily in EMR technology and was faced with evaluating whether to continue that investment or start with a new platform. Rather than focusing on the technology alone, efforts to reframe the discussion to one that focused on the patient resulted in less resistance to change.