Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sperm transfer through forced matings and its evolutionary implications in natural guppy (Poecilia reticulata ) populations

In species in which individuals alternate between mating strategies, males may respond to elevated predation risk by switching from conspicuous courtship displays to less risky or more profitable sneaky mating attempts. As a consequence, in such species female choice is likely to be undermined more frequently in relatively dangerous localities. We tested this prediction using the guppy, a species of fish in which individual males alternate between courtship (solicited) and forced (unsolicited) copulations according to prevailing levels of predation. We collected females at late stages of gestation from four high- and four low-predation populations in Trinidad and examined them for the presence of sperm in their gonoducts. Due to the patterns of sperm storage in guppies, sperm found in the gonoducts of such late-cycle females can only arise from unsolicited copulations. We anticipated that because female guppies are subject to greater sexual harassment in the form of forced mating attempts in high-risk localities, a higher proportion of females in these populations would contain sperm in their gonoducts arising from recent unsolicited copulations. Contrary to this prediction, only one of the four paired comparisons (from the Quare River) revealed a significant difference in the proportion of females recently inseminated through forced copulations. The paired comparisons for the remaining three rivers revealed no significant differences in the proportion of females with recoverable sperm in their gonoducts. However, overall, we found that 44.5% (±4.3 SE) of females had sperm in their gonoduct arising from sneaky mating, a figure three times higher than previously reported for this species. We discuss these findings in relation to recent predictions concerning the strength of sexual selection in natural populations.
Surgical Uterine-Sparing Management of Adenomyosis: Techniques and Review of Literature

ARC Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics Page | 25 Surgical Uterine-Sparing Management of Adenomyosis: Techniques and Review of Literature Andres Vigueras Smith, Ramiro Cabrera, Monica Tessmann Zomer, Carlos Trippia, William Kondo Department of Gynecology, Sugisawa Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Angels Hospital, City of Mexico, Mexico Department Department of Radiology, Nossa Senhora das Graças Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil
Measuring Economic Growth Using Data Envelopment Analysis

Exploring and explaining development gaps between countries is an important theoretical and empirical task. This paper presents empirical studies related to economic growth and its determinants across countries, based on the use of data envelopment analysis method. It emphasizes the importance of this nonparametric approach to macroeconomic efficiency analysis and provides a broader and more comprehensive perspective to the researchers on this issue.
The threshold for the stimulation of breathing at altitude: physiological support for the aviation industry standard for aircraft pressurization

As aircraft ascend, cabin pressure is always maintained below an equivalent altitude of 8,000ft (~120mmHg O2, ~15.4% O2). The choice of 8,000ft is a compromise between engineering, fuel efficiency, cost, human comfort and human physiology (Aerospace Medical Association, 2008). The brain’s response to hypoxia is to stimulate breathing to counteract its effects. Currently, the threshold at which breathing is stimulated by hypoxia is inconsistent with cabin pressure regulations, being reported in 1947 by Dripps and Comroe, to be at a far higher altitude, at ~85mmHg O2 (~10% O2) (~17,500ft). This research team is unaware of any study, since 1947, that has tried to identify the ventilatory threshold to hypoxia. Using modern experimental methodology and statistical design this study reassesses the breathing threshold to hypoxia in 20 participants. This research indicates that breathing is more sensitive than previously demonstrated, with significant stimulation of breathing (by 1 L.min-1 ), combined with a significant lower PetCO2 (by 1 mmHg), being detectable at 15.2% oxygen (~121mmHg O2, ~7900ft).
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS ON TRANSITIONAL SEASON IN WEDA BAY, NORTH MALUKU

A v ertical distribution of nutrient shows an interaction of physical processes, source , and uptake along the water column . These interactions can occur along the water column with different processes in each layer . Water samples from 1 7 stations were collected for nitrate, phosphate , and silicate s concentration analyses during the transitional season in the Weda Bay . During the transitional season, the Weda Bay was characterized by low salinity (33.55-34.10), relatively warm temperature (30.87 ° C), and the relatively low nutrient concentrations (nitrate= 0 . 0 3 - 4.87 µg at/l , phosphate= 0 . 0 11 -0 .852 µg at/l , and silicate= 0 . 0 4 - 1.21 µg at/l ). The present of Western North Pacific Ocean (WNPO) watermass and the influence of Southern Subtropical Lower Water (SSLW) producing high salinity (>35) at the depth of 130-300 m were observed along the Weda Bay. Nutrient geochemical processes in this region were shown by nutrient utilization and regeneration across the water columns. Nutrients utilization was relatively high in the surface layer. Meanwhile, nutrients regeneration and remineralization were more dominant in the thermocline and deeper water layers. Analyses of nutrients showed that nitrate was more dominant than other nutrients with N/P ratio was 3.83-37.99 and N/Si ratio was 0.12-10.98. The effectiveness of silicate (0.25 μg at/l) that was used by phytoplankton found at a depth of 200 m when its concentration decreased at N/P ratio (16:08) close to the Redfield ratio. Due to an uptake, remineralization, and regeneration processes in each layer, a nutrient distribution pattern was formed which the nutrient concentrations decreased in mixed layer and increased in the deeper water. Keywords :nutrien, pattern, Weda Bay , transitional season
Children’s and adolescents’ views on upper limb prostheses in relation to their daily occupations

Introduction Prosthetic treatment is widely used for children and adolescents with upper limb difference, for functional benefit, cosmetic restoration or the performance of specific activities. Children and adolescents feel, however, that prostheses do not help function, are uncomfortable, are unreliable, are heavy and are not aesthetically acceptable. This research aims to develop an understanding of children’s and adolescents’ views on upper limb prostheses in relation to their daily occupations. Method Eight children and adolescents with upper limb difference participated in a focus group (n=4) or an individual interview (n=4). Data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results Participants described both positive and negative views of their prostheses. Participants described experiences where their prosthesis was helpful to them for social interactions, when playing and in self-care and productive activities. However, participants also described choosing not to use prostheses due to lack of functional benefit, causing a hindrance in certain activities and restriction of movement. Conclusion Prostheses can be useful tools for occupational participation for children and adolescents. General purpose functional prostheses for children and adolescents can result in the prosthesis not being useful, becoming a hindrance and restricting movement. Task specific devices can overcome these issues to help children and adolescents in social interactions, when playing and in carrying out self-care and productive activities.
Environmental qualitative assessment of rivers sediments

ABS TRACT: In this study, the concentrations of heavy metals (Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni) in thesediment of Shavoor River in Khuzestan Province in Iran has been investigated. After the library studies and field studies, six samples of water and sediment were taken from the river in order to evaluate heavy metal pollution in sediments. To determine the geochemical phases of metals in sediment samples the 5-step method was used for chemical separation. For quantitative assessment of the severity of contamination in the sediments, the geochemical indicators such as enriched factor (EF) and the accumulation index (Igeo) were used. Also, the statistical analyses including methods such as correlation analysis cluster analysis the (CA), were conducted.The results of the experiments showed that the organic matter deposited varies with the average of 2.49 and ranges between 1.95% and 3.43%. Samples showed concentrations of metals such as calcium, iron, manganese, copper and nickel at all the sampling points were below the global average, whereas the concentration of copper was slightly higher than the global scale. Enriched factor (EF) was calculated for the elements revealed that heavy metals are classified as non-infected. The Geo-accumulation Index showed that the studied elements were uninfected peers. Based on the results of multivariate statistical analysis it was concluded that metals such as manganese, copper, iron, nickel and zinc are mainly natural and calcium metal is likely to have an organic origin.
Services and the search for relevant innovation indicators: a review of national and international surveys

Having been ignored for a long time, innovation in services is now the object of institutional surveys at both the national and international level. The aim of this article is to review these surveys, which divide into groups reflecting a range of different theoretical approaches to innovation. It also attempts to examine (and to interpret in theoretical terms) the methodological limits of these studies, and in particular to highlight the difficulties of comparison that they entail. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
Measuring the seismic properties of Tibetan bright spots: Evidence for free aqueous fluids in the Tibetan middle crust

Seismic bright spots are commonly interpreted to mark fluid concentrations, but their nature (melt or aqueous) is usually inferred only from circumstantial evidence of the geologic setting. A band of bright spot reflections has been imaged by Project INDEPTH (International Deep Profiling of Tibet and the Himalayas) at about 15 km depth along 150 km of the northern Yadong-Gulu rift, southern Tibet. We use INDEPTH three-component wide-angle seismic data to measure seismic velocities at the bright spot reflector, and theoretical rock physics bounds to constrain the nature of the fluids. Merging of data from multiple bright spots allows us to use a one-dimensional approximation. Travel time modeling yields average P and S velocities for the upper crust above the bright spots of 5.3±0.2 and 3.2±0.2 km s−1, respectively. Reflection-amplitude variation with offset (AVO) modeling constrains the P and S velocities of the bright spots to 3.0±0.8 and 1.6±0.8 km s−1, respectively. Multiple modeling procedures suggest these velocities are not model dependent. Our results imply that of the order of 10% volume of free aqueous fluids in the Tibetan middle crust produces the observed bright spot reflections. The presence of relatively large quantities of free aqueous fluids, presumably mostly saline supercritical H2O, does not preclude the presence of melt but does constrain the maximum temperature at the bright spots to the wet granite solidus (about 650°C) and thus the maximum surface heat flow to ≤110 mW m−2. The observed bright spots can alternatively be explained as a result of transient flow of aqueous fluids through a lower temperature and lower heat flow southern Tibetan crust.
Nonoperative Management of Trauma

© 2017 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow | 91-92 Injury represents one of the largest public health issues worldwide. More than 100 million people around the world sustain injury every year,[1] making trauma a serious public health problem. In its “Global Burden of Disease,” the World Health Organization identified injury as one of the most important contributors to years of life lost and years lost due to disability, thereby having a serious social and economic impact across societies. This impact is predicted to expand to constitute a significant proportion of the total societal health burden by 2030. [2]
Pollen morphology of the family Polygalaceae (Fabales)

An overview of pollen morphology from all genera in the family Polygalaceae is presented to assist systematic studies of the Fabales clade. The pollen of 72 species, representing 18 genera, in Polygalaceae was examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the pollen of eight species, representing seven genera, was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Pollen is described and illustrated for each genus, and the first pollen descriptions and publication of photomicrographs are presented for seven genera: Balgoya, Barnhartia, Comesperma, Diclidanthera, Eriandra, Moutabea, plus Polygala subgenus Badiera, and species previously included in Nylandtia (now in Muraltia). Pollen morphological similarities and differences broadly correspond with relationships suggested by recent molecular phylogenies. The aperture number was also found to correlate with trees generated using molecular data; early branching taxa have lower aperture numbers than later branching ones. The overall range of ectoaperture numbers seen in Polygalaceae, excluding Balgoya, is between five and 33. The pollen of Balgoya is tricolporate; all other genera have pollen with a range of ectoaperture numbers within each sample. The degree of endoaperture fusion to form endocingula is variable at a subgeneric level. All pollen is isopolar, except for that of Heterosamara and Polygala wattersii. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 156, 253–289.
Effect of refrigeration time on the lipid oxidation and fatty acid profiles of catfish ( Arius maculatus ) commercialized in Cameroon

N. Tenyang, H.M. Womeni, B. Tiencheu, P. Villeneuve and M. Linder University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 814 Maroua, Cameroon University of Dschang, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon University of Buea, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500,Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy cedex, France. Laboratoire de Lipotechnie, CIRAD, UMR IATE, TA 40/16, 73 rue JF Breton, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Corresponding author: tenoel2003@yahoo.fr
Evaluation of Palliative Care Implementation for Patients with Cancer at General Hospital of Dr. Kariadi, Semarang

The prevalence of cancers increased up to 53% from 2016 to 2018. Due to growing number of patients with cancer, palliative needs and end-of-life care also get increasing. Patients with cancer who received palliative care in 2017 were 3.42%. This shows that cancer patients are not fulfilled the needs during hospital treatment, and some oncology specialists still handle without consul to the palliative team. This study aims to evaluate of Palliative Care Implementation for patients with cancer at the General Hospital of Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Qualitative research through case study approach was utilized. Eight respondents were used as sample. In-depth interviews and document analyses were the instrumens used. The results show that no regulation is applied by palliative care teams, the organizational structure is not clear, the policy for palliative care is not integrated, and oncologists lack of commitment. Moreover, the funding for palliative team are not available, and the oncologists lack of collaboration and cooperation because they reluctantly refer a patient. The screening on standard assement is still inadequate for palliative patients with cancer. Moreover, there is no managerial supervision to follow up the palliative care. Education on patient prognosis delays because the doctor in charge do not give information as early as possib le. Patient family feel satisfied about the palliative care for the psychological support and end-of-life care. In conclusion, the palliative care implementation at the General Hospital of Dr Kariadi has not been integrated with oncology services. The oncologists lack of commitment, collaboration, and communication with providers. Keywords— Evaluation, Palliative Care, Cancer.
Restocking white stork Ciconia ciconia (L., 1758) population in Biscay: reintroduction in the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve

Reintroduction of the white stork Ciconia ciconia (L., 1758) in the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (Biscay, Basque Country) is described. During the study period the white stork population quadrupled in Biscay and spread to several new localities, including the Urdaibai Reserve. A minimum of 36.8% of the released storks died during the first year after releasing. Power lines were the main cause of mortality (50%), affecting 18.4% of the released individuals. The reintroduction program was also used to strengthen awareness on conservation and to promote corrections of the electricity distribution network in order to reduce the mortality of storks and other large birds.
Parity induces a specific genomic signature in the human breast

4062 We have postulated that the lifetime protective effect of an early pregnancy against breast cancer is due to the complete differentiation of the mammary gland, which results in the replacement of the Stem cell 1 that is a component of the nulliparous breast epithelium with a new stem cell, called Stem cell 2, which is characterized by a specific genomic signature (Russo J &Russo IH., Endocrine Related Cancer 4:7, 1997). For demonstrating this hypothesis we compared the genomic profile of the epithelium and the stroma of normal breast tissues from reduction mammoplasties performed in three postmenopausal nulliparous and five postmenopausal parous women. The epithelium and the stroma were separately dissected using laser capture microdissection (LCM) and the RNA of each compartment and each sample was isolated, amplified using PCR methodology, and hybridized to cDNA glass-microarrays containing 40,000 genes, placing in the green channel (Cy3) the human reference RNA and in the red channel (Cy5) the breast tissue samples. Data were analyzed employing the GeneSight software version 4.2 after Lowess normalization eliminating all the outlier spots with Flags 1 to 5. Using the Confidence analysis with 99% level we select only the genes differentiate expressed between same tissue compartments in each group, selecting a cut off of ± 2.0 log up-or down-respect to the reference (p
Optimal Location of Distributed Generation and its Impacts on Voltage Stability

Distributed generation (DG) technology is based on the renewable sources of energy. Now a day’s distributed generation plays an important role of power generation utilities to fulfill the increasing demand of power at the costumer’s site. A distributed generation is the small generation unit with capacity varying from kW (kilowatt) to few MW (megawatt). The main aim of this paper is to find the solution for optimal location of connecting DG and also the disturbances in the voltage fluctuations responds to imperfection of connecting DG. A test network of IEEE-30 bus system has been simulated using PSAT 2.1. 7. The compensation methods have also been developed for filtering out the disturbances caused by the DG connection. The disturbance in the voltage profile is improved by minimizing the real and reactive power losses with the help of STATCOM. The proposed approach IEEE-30-bus system was tested and the result was discussed.
Trends in adventure sports in a post-modern society

The essay delineates main trends in the development of adventure sports and looks into possible future scenarios. Since the 1970s there has been an increase in adventure sports of various kinds. The concept ‘adventure sport’ is used in a wide sense, covering sports that are labelled ‘alternative’, ‘extreme’, ‘X’, ‘gravity’, ‘lifestyle’ and ‘action sports’. The rise of adventure sport must be seen both on the background of developments inside sports itself and the environing society. Adventure sports have things to offer that are difficult to find in other sports, like strong sensations and risk. They represent an opposition and protest against certain aspects of modern societies, but can also be said to express key ideas in modern and post-modern society such as individualism, technology, self-realization and transcendence. The essay discusses various theories and recent empirical findings that may explain and predict developments of adventure sports in the future.
Mosquito Fauna Associated with Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Yucatán State of Southeastern México, and Checklist with New Records

Abstract As part of our routine surveillance for arboviruses transmitted by Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Yucatán State, México, we regularly monitor the mosquito fauna that occurs in the region. In this study, immature and adult mosquitoes were collected at 60 study sites (including residential premises, churches, tourist areas, cemeteries, forested areas, and garbage dump sites) in Yucatán State from Jul 2014 to Dec 2015. In total, 4,062 larvae, 344 pupae, and 3,812 adults representing 7 genera and 27 species were collected. Three species had never before been identified in Yucatán State, and these are Aedes (Ochlerotatus) euplocamus Dyar & Knab, Aedes (Protomacleaya) podographicus Dyar & Knab, and Culex (Culex) declarator Dyar & Knab. The identification of these 3 species brings the current total of mosquito species recognized in Yucatán State to 52 (with 11 genera). Many of the mosquitoes collected in this study were temporally and spatially associated with Ae. aegypti.
Optimization of Microbial Fuel Cell for Treating Industrial Wastewater and Simultaneous Power Generation

The dual application of microbial fuel cells (MFC) make them more prolific in research at present. In this study, microbial fuel cell was fabricated in an economical way and the experiment was carried out in two phases. In first phase of experimental run, dairy and leather effluent was used as substrate without any mediators and in second phase, dairy, leather and sewage wastewater were used as substrate with ferroin as mediator. Physiochemical characteristics such as total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were determined before and after treating the effluent in MFC using saccharomyces cerevisiae. Heavy metals present in the effluent were also removed during biodegradation process. In first phase of experimental run, COD and BOD removal efficiency was found to be 80.4% and 59.3% for leather effluent, 83.4% and 64.3% for dairy effluent and in second phase, COD and BOD removal efficiency was found to be 80% and 64% for leather effluent, 85.4% and 79% for dairy effluent and 65% and 47% for domestic wastewater. The maximum power generated in first phase during the treatment of dairy and leather wastewater was found to be 385.25 μW and 304.5 μW and in second phase, 1.98 mW, 1.95 mW and 1.28 mW of power was generated during the treatment of dairy, leather and domestic wastewater. In both phases of experimental run, power generated during the treatment of dairy wastewater is more. The results showed that the organic matter has been effectively degraded more in the dairy wastewater and produced more electrons when compared to leather and domestic wastewater.