Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A method to adjust observed transportation data: application to passenger counts on a transit line

Traffic volume is a critical piece of information in traffic engineering and transportation planning. The observed values, however, are usually not precise; and hence, adjustment is necessary for them to satisfy various physical constraints, e.g. inflow = out-flow at every junction, in order to make them presentable. We propose a procedure that adjusts the observed values so that they meet the basic physical principle, such as the conservation of flow, given the subjective information about the characters of the observed values Adjustment is based on fuzzy optimization in which the observed values and basic knowledge about the relationship among the observed volumes are considered fuzzy. Fuzzy linear programming is used to find the adjusted values based on the max-min principle. The method is applied to estimate transit ridership at individual stops.
Chaotic Hypothesis and Universal Large Deviations Properties

Chaotic systems arise naturally in Statistical Mechanics and in Fluid Dynamics. A paradigm for their modelization are smooth hyperbolic systems. Are there consequences that can be drawn simply by assuming that a system is hyperbolic? here we present a few model independent general consequences which may have some relevance for the Physics of chaotic systems. Expanded version of a talk at ICM98, Berlin.
Fuzzy classification using probability-based rule weighting

Design of fuzzy classifiers based on probabilistic fuzzy systems is considered. It is shown that the statistical properties of the training data can be used for the design of fuzzy rule based classification systems. Takagi-Sugeno type fuzzy systems are designed for estimating the underlying conditional probability density function for the data. Probabilistic rule weighting is introduced, and classifiers based on the discriminant function approach are formulated. It is shown that some of the fuzzy classifiers that have been proposed in the literature can be formulated in terms of probabilistic rule weighting. Furthermore, the relation to certainty factor approach to fuzzy classifiers is considered.
HPV, p16 und die TNM-Klassifikation von Oropharynxkarzinomen

Weltweit weisen zwischen 30 und 80% der Oropharynxkarzinome eine HPVInfektion der Tumorzellen auf. HPV-assoziierte Oropharynxkarzinome unterscheiden sich von HPV-negativen Fällen durch einen günstigeren Verlauf. Diesem Umstand versucht die achte Auflage der TNM Klassifikation maligner Tumoren Rechnung zu tragen. Der Nachweis der HPV-Assoziation ist daher zum essentiellen Bestandteil der histopathologischen Diagnostik bei Oropharynxkarzinomen geworden.
Dhochi: A Dholuo Language Game*

This paper presents a description and an Optimality Theoretic analysis of Dhochi, a language game of Dholuo. To our knowledge this game has escaped the notice of linguists but it has several properties that make it interesting both to those working on Dholuo and to those who work on secret languages in general. The game falls into the general category of ‘reversing games’. We propose that all reversing games are the result of the same process: a phonologically empty morpheme that is concatenated with the word and is then phonetically realized by movement out of linear order of some of the phonological material of the base word into the affix position. The target of movement as well as the landing site for the moved element is determined by different rankings of the game specific faithfulness constraints.
Do Surface Topography and Contact Area Effect Fretting Corrosion Behaviour of the Modular Taper Interface in Total Hip Replacements

Introduction: There has been widespread concern regarding the adverse tissue reactions after metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip replacements (THR). Concerns have also been expressed with mechanical wear from micromotion and fretting corrosion at the head/stem taper junction in total hip replacements. In order to understand the interface mechanism a study was undertaken in order to investigate the effect of surface finish and contact area associated with modular tapers in total hip replacements with a single combination of materials of modular tapers. Methods: An inverted hip replacement setup was used (ASTM F1875-98). 28 mm Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) femoral heads were coupled with either full length (standard) or reduced length (mini) 12/14 Titanium (Ti) stem tapers. These Ti stem tapers had either a rough or smooth surface finish whilst all the head tapers had a smooth surface finish. Wear and corrosion of taper surfaces were compared after samples were sinusoidally loaded between 0.1 kN and 3.1 kN for 10 million cycles at 4 Hz. In test 1 rough mini stem tapers were compared with rough standard stem tapers whilst in test 2 rough mini stem tapers were compared with smooth mini stem tapers. Surface parameters and profiles were measured before and after testing. Electrochemical static and dynamic corrosion tests were performed between rough mini stem tapers and smooth mini stem tapers under loaded and non-loaded conditions. Results: In test 1 following the mechanical loading test the surface roughness parameters on the head taper were significantly increased when they were coupled with the mini stem tapers compared to the standard stem tapers (p = 0.046). Similarly in test 2 the surface roughness parameters on the head tapers were significantly increased when mini rough stem tapers were used compared to smooth mini stem tapers (p = 0.04). Corrosion testing showed breaching of the passive film on the rough but not the smooth neck tapers. Conclusion: This study has identified enhanced fretting corrosion at the modular taper junction associated with roughened surface finish and small neck tapers and points to the overall concern associated with the use of modular taper connections in orthopaedic implants. Crevice corrosion is identified as the predominant mechanism, with evidence of pitting in all rough mini neck tapers. The greatest wear and corrosion was in the plane where the greatest bending moments were generated, implicating fretting as a mechanism. The rough mini neck tapers have a reduced surface area at the interface and ultimately bending forces are concentrated here.
Prevalência de osteoporose e fraturas vertebrais em mulheres na pós-menopausa atendidas em serviços de referência

Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar a prevalencia de osteoporose e a presenca de fraturas vertebrais em mulheres na pos-menopausa. Foram estudadas, em servicos de referencias, 627 mulheres com idade acima de 50 anos, com media de idade de 63,9 ± 8,3 anos, tempo de menopausa de 16,2 ± 8,6 anos, e indice de massa corporea de 26,6 ± 4.3 Kg/m2. A prevalencia de osteoporose foi de 28,8% na coluna lombar e de 18,8% no colo do femur. Esta foi maior nas pacientes que apresentaram historia de fraturas quando jovens. Na faixa entre 60 a 69 anos, 33,2% tinham osteoporose na coluna lombar e entre 70 e 79 anos, 38,2%. Das pacientes com mais de 80 anos 54,5% apresentam osteoporose na coluna lombar e 72,7% no colo do femur. Trinta e sete por cento tinham fraturas, sendo que 9% apresentam fraturas grau I, e 10,9% fraturas severas. Considerando-se os diversos grupos etarios, a prevalencia de fraturas vertebrais foi de 20% entre 50 e 59 anos, 25,6% entre 60 e 69 anos, 58,3% entre 70 e 79 anos, e 81,8% entre 80 e 89 anos. Em mulheres na pos-menopausa, a maioria sem sintomas clinicos, verificamos uma alta taxa de prevalencia de osteoporose, e fraturas vertebrais.
Pl@ntNet, une plate-forme innovante d'agrégation et partage d'observations botaniques

Pl@ntNet est un reseau humain s'appuyant sur une infrastructure informatique, permettant l'identification, l'agregation et le partage d'observations botaniques a tres grande echelle. Cette initiative mobilise differentes institutions de recherche dans divers champs scientifiques (informatique, agronomie, ecologie) et de larges reseaux associatifs de naturalistes ; elle a permis au cours des 20 derniers mois la collecte de plusieurs dizaines de milliers d'observations de plantes sur le territoire europeen. Celles-ci sont collectees a travers un systeme web ou mobile d'aide a l'identification des plantes par l'image, au sein duquel chacun des participants peut partager des observations determinees ou non, avec differents niveaux d'informations. Ces observations, sont ensuite revisees collaborativement a travers 2 applications web, l'une dediee a la revision de la determination des observations (IdentiPlante), l'autre a l'estimation de la qualite visuelle des images illustrant l'observation (PictoFlora). Les observations revisees et / ou validees, viennent alors enrichir la base d'observations publiques exploitee par le systeme d'aide a l'identification par l'image. Bien que cette infrastructure logicielle soit encore recente (lancement des applications mobiles en fevier 2013), elle a ete exploitee au cours des 20 derniers mois par pres de 300 000 utilisateurs a travers le monde. Les modalites de fonctionnement de celle-ci, ainsi que les perspectives d'evolution sont presentees dans cet article, qui se conclut par une discussion sur les changements actuels que les nouvelles technologies de l'information permettent d'operer en Botanique. (Resume d'auteur)
Amniotic Membrane as Allograft for Construction of Neovagina by McIndoe Technique in Vaginal Agenesis

BACKGROUND: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), once known as dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder in which the person afflicted is engrossed with an imagined imperfection in their appearance that is actually normal or is very minor. These individuals are significantly distressed or functionally handicapped with respect to the ability to work or interact socially due to their preoccupations. METHODS: The cross-sectional study targeted 180 female students between the ages of 17-25, using an adapted questionnaire which was used to diagnose BDD and determine the role of media in influencing their self-image. A structured questionnaire, the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was adapted which had been tested as a reliable and valid measure for body image in non-clinical samples. It consisted of 7 questions, each of which with responses in the form of a 5 point response format. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of BDD amongst young female university students and what the role of media was on influencing their self-image. RESULTS: Out of the 180 students included in this study, at least 9.4% were highly concerned about one or more than one physical attributes, while 2.8% showed extreme concern. 6.1% met the DSM-V criteria for BDD. The most frequent foci of concern were: Being too fat or too thin (35%), skin (24.4%), hair (15%), teeth (14%) and nose (14%). 24.4% of the students got sad/angry/depressed because of their appearance . The study also showed that 42% of the subjects spent 1-2 hours watching television every day, and 13.9% watching 3-7 hours of television per day. 46.7% also regularly visit entertainment/beauty websites or read entertainment magazines. 22.8% were extremely satisfied with their appearance, as opposed to 4.4% which were extremely dissatisfied. CONCLUSION: Our results show that BDD is widespread amongst female college students. The body features of concern recognized and the influence our media has on our young generation is dangerous and worrisome.
A note on Harnack and Transportation inequalities For Stochastic Differential Equations with reflections

We establish transportation cost inequalities, with respect to the uniform and $L_2$-metric, on the path space of continuous functions, for laws of solutions of stochastic differential equations with reflections. We also consider the case of stochastic differential equations involving local times. Harnack inequalities for the associated semigroups are also established.
Att flytta till sjukhem — en ny fas i livet En intervjustudie

The purpose of this study was to illuminate the meaning of elderly persons' moving to a nursng home, and how it can be understood. Older persons recently moved in three different nursing home wards was interviewed. In order to have a deeper understanding of their lived experiences this study used a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Moving to nursing home was depending on elder's failing health that leads to an extensive dependence of other persons. The elderly's ways of living changed in many ways and was about transition into a new life situation. Moving into a nursing home was complex and there were many factors that affected the new life situation and it differed from previous home. How life becomes after moving in to nursing home has in the present study to do with the individuals abilities to adjust her self to the new life situation. Caregivers' abilities of empathy, sensitiveness and patience could be crucial for the older people experiences of the new life siruation.
An Effective Approach for Smart Infrastructures Using Internet of Things

With the expansion of automation technology, life is getting simpler and smarter, therefore, Automatic systems are being preferred over the manual systems. Development of automation frameworks in the domain of Internet of Things (IoT) renders an unprecedented opportunity for designing smart and fully automated systems. IoT automation system allows the user to control, access, report and operate the system remotely from anywhere around the world through aninternet connection. In this paper,investigatethe full potential of automation systems in two scenarios as Wireless Industry Automation system (WIAS) and Home Automation System (HAS). In both works, we had used Raspberry Pi that employs the integration of cloud networking, wireless communication, to provide the user with remote control of appliances, machines and storing the data on the cloud. These systems are developed to be power efficient, economical and expandable with futuristic devices.
Mesure de HRTF chez les crocodiliens

En tant que super-predateurs, les crocodiliens sont munis d’une vision excellente dans l'air, d’un odorat tres developpe et de facultes remarquables pour percevoir les vibrations. Leur perception auditive tres fine dans l'air et probablement dans l'eau leur permet de localiser precisement leurs proies et leurs congeneres dans leur environnement. Afin d’etudier les phenomenes de localisation chez les crocodiliens, les HRTF (Head-Related Transfer Functions) de differents specimens sont mesurees en placant des microphones dans les oreilles d’animaux vivants. Cette experience est menee sur quelques jeunes animaux en captivite mais demeure compliquee a realiser sur des specimens adultes. Afin de mesurer cet indicateur sur un plus grand nombre d’individus de tailles et d’especes differentes, il serait plus facile d’etudier des animaux naturalises, des tetes numerisees puis imprimees en 3D voire des crânes ou des fossiles. Cette etude a pour objectif de mettre en evidence une correlation entre les HRTF mesurees sur des animaux vivants, naturalises ou numerises. Modeliser les HRTF naturelles a partir de donnees mesurees sur un materiel plus synthetique permettrait de realiser une comparaison intra et interspecifique. Associees a une technologie de realite virtuelle, ces donnees permettront de realiser des experiences comportementales sur des animaux evoluant dans leur environnement naturel.
Effect of time of admission to treatment initiation on outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a tertiary care referral center experience

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults in the United States.1 In 2018, the estimated annual incidence of AML is 19,520 (32.4% of all new leukemia cases), with 10,670 projected deaths (43.8% of all leukemia deaths). 1 New molecularly targeted treatments are increasingly being used in treating AML, and some of them have shown improved health outcomes. In general, age, white blood cell (WBC) count at presentation, cytogenetics, and molecular characteristics are the major determinants of prognosis and treatment outcome. Studies analyzing the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database have also shown racial differences in outcomes.2 It is well known to the oncology community that patients with similar characteristics may respond differently to treatment and that outcome is not uniformly related to the well-defined clinical and laboratory characteristics. Issues related to health care disparities and access to health care are also known to affect the outcome in patients with cancer.3-9 AML is generally considered by the medical community as a time-sensitive condition. Treatment of patients with AML usually consists of induction chemotherapy followed by consolidation treatment
Preliminary survey of congenital and reproductive disorders in the New Zealand miniature horse population

The Miniature horse population is a rapidly expanding sector of the New Zealand (NZ) equine population. It is estimated that there have been 6,052 Miniature horses registered in NZ, with 677 new registrations in 2004. The lay literature implies that the Miniature horse breed has a high level of reproductive and congenital defects. To obtain reference data on the reproductive and congenital disorders of the NZ Miniature horse breed a face-to-face survey was conducted with 22 breeders located in the lower North Island of NZ. The 22 breeders were the owners of 421 horses (246 mares, 52 stallions, 88 foals and 35 geldings). The mean number of Miniature horses on the property was 19 horses (range 4 – 60), 11 broodmares (range 2-30) and 2 stallions (range 0 – 8). Most horses (75%) were registered with the NZ Miniature horse Association or the American Miniature Horse Society (23%). Most Miniature horses were type A, being ≤86cm in height at the withers (72%). The average foal crop per breeder was 7 foals, which were conceived with hand serving (61.4%) or a combination of hand serving and having the stallion run with the mare (31.8%). Confirmation of pregnancy was by blood test (49.2%), ultrasound verification (19%), combination of blood test and ultrasound (6%), or non return to oestrus (23.4%). Seventeen breeders had mares that were covered by the stallion during the season but did not return a positive pregnancy (23.4% of mares covered in the season). There was a lower percentage of apparent fetal loss on farms that used blood tests or ultrasound to verify pregnancy compared to farm relying on non return to oestrus(10.38% ± 2.49% vs. 20.79% ± 4.59%, p=0.06). The incidence of fetal abortion (<300 days gestation) was 1.75% (CI 0.5-3.03), and 5.2% (CI 2.6 -7.8%) of mares suffered from dystocia. The incidence for premature placental separation was 0.82% (CI 0.26-1.39%) and the incidence of retained placenta was 1.4% (CI 0 -3.6%). The incidence of dwarfism was 0.7% (CI 0.11-1.28%), with 11 breeders reporting foals that had excluded from the studbook due to dwarfism. The incidence of parrot and sow mouth was 1.22% (CI 0 -2.43%) and 0.45% (CI 0 – 0.84%), respectively. The incidence of respiratory disorders (including signs indicative of collapsed trachea and cleft palate) was 2.2% (CI 0.7 -3.7%). The data collected indicate that the incidence of reproductive and congenital disorders in the New Zealand Miniature horse population is lower than expected.
An automatic algorithm based on artificial neural network is applied in taxi target prediction

This paper describe the solution to the ECML/PKDD discovery challenge on taxi destination prediction. The work consisted in predicting the destination of a taxi based on the beginning of its trajectory, represented as a variable-length sequence of GPS points, and diverse associated meta-information, such as the departure time, the driver id and client information. Contrary to most published approaches, this paper uses an almost fully automated approach based on neural networks. The architectures we tried use multi-layer perceptions, bidirectional recurrent neural networks and models inspired from recently introduced memory networks. Our approach could easily be adapted to other applications in which the goal is to predict a fixed-length output from a variable-length sequence. Keywords-multi-layer perceptron; neural networks; taxi destination; prediction
Cycling in Triathlon: Is It Really as Simple as Riding a Bike?

THE CYCLING LEG OF A TRIATHLON IMPOSES UNIQUE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL DEMANDS ON ATHLETES COMPARED WITH CYCLE RACING. BY RECOGNIZING THESE DIFFERENCES, ATHLETES AND COACHES CAN USE TRAINING PRACTICES TO OPTIMIZE ADAPTATIONS ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF SPECIFICITY. THE PRIMARY EMPHASIS IS ON AERODYNAMIC FORM AND EFFICIENCY TRAINING
A Study on Maternal Weight Gain and its Correlation with Birth Weight of Baby at Term

Background: Maternal weight gain is influenced by several trends in perinatal health that are of great public health concern. Maternal weight gain during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters is an important determinant of fetal growth Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal weight gain and birth weight of baby at term. Methodology : A cross sectional observational study was carried among 50 pregnant women at term were admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College hospital during the period of January 2014 to July 2014. Data were collected pre-designed data collection sheet. Results: This study found maximum (36%) were age group 21-25 years followed by 28% were 20 years, 24% were 26-30 years, 8% were 31-35 years and only 4% were 36-40 years. The average age was 25 years. Among these 50 pregnant women, 2 cases (4%) had BMI <18.5, 15 cases (30%) had a BMI 18.5- 24.9, 19 cases (38%) had a BMI 25-29.9 and 14 cases (28%) had a BMI ≥30. The mean birth weight was 2.77±0.33. kg. Mean weight gain was 10.72±3.72 Kg. Weight increased there was a corresponding increase in the mean birth weight and this relationship was statistically significant (<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows maternal weight gain significantly increased birth weight of the baby at term. Maternal weight should continue to be given importance in monitoring the health of pregnancies and bioelectrical impedance analysis and arm measurements should be further investigated as another simple way to track appropriate body composition changes across gestation, especially in resource-limited settings. Although challenging, public health efforts should continue working to improve the nutritional status of women of reproductive age before they conceive as an apparent way to improve birth outcomes. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 9, No. 1: Jan 2018, P 22-28
HIV-2 infection: a call for controlled trials

Many HIV-2-infected patients live in parts of western Europe with historical ties to West Africa, especially France and Portugal. However, their numbers are insufficient for conclusive randomized trials. The ACHIeV2E network of clinicians, virologists, immunologists, epidemiologists and statisticians belonging to research centers located in 10 countries in Europe and two in West Africa was created to conduct such trials and thus to establish international guidelines for the treatment and management of HIV-2-infected patients. The design, inclusion criteria, endpoints for efficacy and statistical methods of trials designed to define the optimal treatment for HIV-2 infection should theoretically be the same as those used for HIV-1, in terms of methodological rigor and statistical power. But certain particularities of HIV-2 infection must be taken into account when designing such studies, and the first step is to identify the prerequisites and constraints resulting from this requirement. The main issues concern the target population, the best candidate drugs and combinations, and the therapeutic strategies that warrant testing. Another question is whether the endpoints and statistical methods used to analyze the response to treatment for HIV-1 infection are also appropriate for HIV-2 infection.