Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey on implementing privacy in Healthcare: An Indian Perspective

“Privacy is not something that I'm merely entitled to, it's an absolute prerequisite. ”- Marlon Brando Privacy in Healthcare is the practice of maintaining the security and confidentiality of patient records. With the advent of new technologies in healthcare such as EHRs, pharmacogenomics and genome sequencing, etc. the focus on securing the patient's data and identity hasn't been given as much importance. The issues in healthcare privacy stem from a lack of infrastructure, complacency, budget constraints, and politics. The paper explores the issues which plague the healthcare industry in its fight to secure patient data from potential exploitation. Hackers can use this easily attainable healthcare data for profit and identity stealing which is a major concern. In this paper, we have reviewed multiple papers and specified their description along with their inferences, future research, and research gaps. The paper has a strong base of 36 research papers and review papers which are mentioned and cited. Finally, this paper presents solutions on how to mitigate the various issues present to make healthcare data secure and safe from exploitation. The paper limits the study of proposing privacy models in India as a country.
The impact of different modalities on student retention and overall engagement patterns in open online courses

ABSTRACT This article presents an analysis of tracking data collected over eight years on 43,000 users on Icelandic Online (IOL), seven open, guided online courses in Icelandic as a second language. The main objective in this study is to (a) map out retention for all the IOL courses, (b) compare retention on the same course delivered in three different modes; blended learning mode, distance learning mode, and self-directed mode, and (c) to investigate overall engagement patterns on IOL. The findings reveal low completion rates that vary by mode of delivery, identifying blended learning mode as most effective in retaining students. The results also reveal regular attrition patterns across all modes of delivery, with sharp drop-outs initially and concentrations of drop-outs at certain junctures in the courses. The drop-out patterns revealed in this study called for a re-evaluation of earlier parameters by which retention is measured, and especially what it means to ‘complete a course’. Instead of considering course completion in light of 100% coverage, the findings show considerably higher retention on IOL when the parameters for course completion are adjusted to for instance 90% coverage of course content.
The State in pursuit of thanatopolitics: Accounting and the citizenry

University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong.
Computer security information in stories, news articles, and education documents

Despite the large amount of computer security information available to them, end users are often thought of as the weakest link in computer security. The information they have access to comes in many formats: news articles, news broadcasts, education documents, books, stories, and many more. However, inefficient or inconsistent communication between content providers and content consumers may result in knowledge gaps for the consumers. The quality and attributes of the computer security information available to users impact their ability to learn from them. To better understand this state of affairs, we collected news articles, education documents, and a survey about stories end-users had heard about computer security. We then analyzed the trends present across all three datasets. We found that there are serious mismatches between these datasets concerning the topics of hackers, viruses + malware, and phishing + spam; discrepancies that may impact the communication of computer security information to end-users.
Development of an Efficient Face Recognition System by Fusion of Appearance-based Classifiers

In order to test the performance of the proposed multi-algorithm approach, various experiments are carried out on AT&T and Yale face databases. PCA, LDA and ICA approaches are applied as explained in the previous chapter. We evaluated the results using a performance statistics known as “cumulative match” score. Cumulative match characteristic curve is a plot of rank values on the X axis and probability of correct identification at or below that rank on the Y axis. In this test, each algorithm reports top 40 matches for each probe for all 200 gallery images, in a ranked-ordered list. From this list, it can be determined if the correct match for a particular probe is in the top 40 and if it is, how far down the list is the correct answer.
Economic Problems of Real Estate Market and Its Influence on the Development of Business Environment

Interconnection between macroeconomic development and company’s management and entrepreneurship in general is especially important nowadays, as external factors have a great influence. The aim of the research is to analyse the key economic problems, special attention paying to business cycles and their importance for the development of business environment and entrepreneurship in real estate market. Problems of economics, social development and problems of business environment and management of the company are interconnected and are analyzed in the integrated approach. A detailed analysis of scientific literature and research articles as well as historical approach, induction, deduction and logical access methods have been used in the research. The results of the research show a high level of interconnection between business environment and entrepreneurship at the real estate market. Research defines key interrelation aspects and highlights importance of competitive business environment development. The future research directions have been identified as well.
Visualization and characterization of high resolution 3D images of paper samples

X-ray micro-(computed) tomography (X-{Mu}CT) combined with image analysis allows visualization and characterisation of the 3D structure of porous materials such as paper and board. This study applied high resolution (res. - 1{Mu}m) phase contrast synchrotron radiation. 3D images of three distinctly different paper grades were obtained to test the applicability of the technique. The applied high resolution phase contrast mode allows 3D imaging of the detailed paper structure in both dry and soaked conditions. The paper samples were visualized and characterized by a variety of image analysis routines. The visualization and characterization confirm that the technique does have a resolution sufficient for preservation of the topology and thus obtaining reasonable measures of 3D characteristics. The measurements rank the paper grades correctly for all measured properties and reveal detailed information of the 3D structure and transport properties.
What Turns the Taxman On? Tax Aggressiveness, Financial Statement Audits and Tax Return Adjustments in Small Private Companies

This study examines the effect of tax aggressiveness and voluntary audit of the financial statements on the likelihood of tax adjustments in small private companies. We provide evidence that (1) tax aggressiveness increases the likelihood of the tax authority not accepting taxable income as reported, whereas (2) voluntary audit decreases it. To derive our hypotheses, we build a theoretical stochastic model explaining tax authority’s reactions to bias and noise in tax returns and how these two relate to tax aggressiveness and voluntary audit. In our empirical tests of the hypotheses we use a large proprietary data set comprising internal records of the Finnish Tax Administration for the fiscal year 2010 combined with data on the taxable income reported by around 19,500 small private companies. Our results show that while the findings on tax aggressiveness are significant when measured with the book-tax difference using proprietary tax return data from the Tax Administration, they are insignificant when based on the conventional tax aggressiveness measure of book-tax difference derived from publicly available financial statement data. Our paper contributes to the literature by being the first to document the effects of tax aggressiveness and voluntary audit on tax return adjustments of small private companies.
Meeting Review: Food Waste and Sustainability Strategies to Improve Food Safety, Food Security

*Author for correspondence: Phone: +1 608.263. 6934; E-mail: bedale@wisc.edu Figure 1. Food waste: both a global food system catalyst and by-product (courtesy of David Mcinnes, DMci Strategies). OVERVIEW The Institute for Food Safety and Health (IFSH) and the Food Research Institute (FRI) of the University of WisconsinMadison hosted regulators, academics, and industry experts for a symposium entitled “Meeting Review: Food Waste and Sustainability–Strategies to Improve Food Safety, Food Security” on September 27, 2018, near Chicago, Illinois. The meeting discussed the difficulty of feeding a rapidly increasing global population without compromising food safety or the environmental health of the planet. Food waste intertwines with sustainability: in the words of meeting speaker David McInnes (DMci Strategies), food waste is a by-product of an increasingly unsustainable global food system. Reducing or redirecting food waste can increase food supplies while also decreasing the total resources used in food production and food waste disposal. Meeting speakers discussed reasons why food companies are concerned about sustainability and presented case studies of ways in which the food industry and others are reducing or reusing food waste.
Study and Design of Global Snapshot Compilation Protocols for Rollback-Recovery in Mobile Distributed System

Checkpoint is characterized as an assigned place in a program at which ordinary process is intruded on particularly to protect the status data important to permit resumption of handling at a later time. A conveyed framework is an accumulation of free elements that participate to tackle an issue that can't be separately comprehended. A versatile figuring framework is a dispersed framework where some of procedures are running on portable hosts (MHs). The presence of versatile hubs in an appropriated framework presents new issues that need legitimate dealing with while outlining a checkpointing calculation for such frameworks. These issues are portability, detachments, limited power source, helpless against physical harm, absence of stable stockpiling and so forth. As of late, more consideration has been paid to giving checkpointing conventions to portable frameworks. Least process composed checkpointing is an alluring way to deal with present adaptation to internal failure in portable appropriated frameworks straightforwardly. This approach is without domino, requires at most two recovery_points of a procedure on stable stockpiling, and powers just a base number of procedures to recovery_point. In any case, it requires additional synchronization messages, hindering of the basic calculation or taking some futile recovery_points. In this paper, we complete the writing review of some Minimum-process Coordinated Checkpointing Algorithms for Mobile Computing Systems
Is there One Pattern of Earnings Management Motivations Fit all Contexts? An Empirical Study

This paper aims at exploring the effect of the Egyptian context on shaping executives' motives to manage earnings; and identifying the most influential managerial motives: managerial self-interests and external environmental factors. The research adopts an interpretative methodology and interview methods. Interviewees were conducted with twenty managers representing five different companies within industrial and service sectors of the Egyptian economy. The findings of this research suggest that a firm’s context has an influence on shaping managers’ self-interests and that in Egypt the job market is a powerful motive for managing the financial reports, followed by cash bonuses; however, stock-based compensation lacks the power to motivate managers into making such financial improvements. In addition, this paper concludes that environmental motives are more important than motives related to managers’ self-interests, because managers cannot achieve their own interests without complying with the external pressures or motives to manage the financial reports. The principal contribution of this paper is to build on the previous earnings management literature to consider the firms' context while studying managers' motives. It pairs the economic factors with institutional factors to form the main reasons behind: 1) managers’ engagement in earnings management; and 2) the superiority of environmental factors over the managerial self-interests motives. It also sheds light on, there is no one pattern of earning management motivations fit all contexts. This paper also contributes to the new institutional sociology literature by bringing managers’ interests and power into the centre of the conceptual framework.
White stork nest altitude decreases as global temperatures increase

Climate change causes altitudinal shifts of animal distributions and this effect can potentially be accentuated or altered due to human agricultural activities. Because of the availability of uniquely long-term monitoring data, we chose the white stork ( Ciconia ciconia ) as a model species. We analyzed large data sets (record cards from 1191 nests) covering the long-term period from 1875 to 2005 in the Czech Republic, central Europe. We analyzed nest altitude during years of founding of the nest, temperature, land use variables and types of nests (natural vs. human provided nest pads). Consistent with findings from previous studies we predicted a temporal increase in the altitude of white stork nests. Surprisingly, we found that the altitude of nests was decreasing, despite an increase in local mean spring temperatures. The altitude of nests was higher when the proportion of arable land, water areas and developed land was lower and when the proportion of grass and forest cover was greater. The decrease in altitude was significant in natural nests (built by storks) but non-significant in nests on nest platforms (built by humans). Thus, human agricultural activities might potentially override the opposing effects of global climate change on animal altitudinal distribution shifts.
The Contributing Sources for Sustainable Funding in Malaysian Social Welfare Group

Background: This study in progress intends to identify the relationship between donor, beneficial programme and commercialisation to sustainable funding for social welfare group (SWG) in Malaysia. The study suggests that the funding sources can contribute to the sustainable funding for social welfare group. In Malaysia, non-government organisations (NGOs) including the SWG depend significantly on government fund to survive. However, the challenging of gaps and barriers to acquiring funding considerably troubled the sustainable funding goal. Therefore, the SWG should seek for various strategies to generate sustainable funding, potentially leading to long term success.
An investigation into supply chain risk factors and their impact on performance of humanitarian pharmaceutical supply chain in Sub-Sahara Africa : a case study of the supply chain system for UNICEF Tanzania

This thesis investigated the presence of supply chain risk factors and their impact on performance of humanitarian health programs in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly UNICEF Tanzania. Supply Chain Risk management (SCRM) approach has become a major contributor to supply chain performance and to program/business success. The aim of this study was to contribute to professional practice by suggesting risk management approach (prioritisation and mitigation) as the one possible solution to the criticism that; “Supply chain management is our Achilles heel; we receive the most criticism for this” (UNICEF 2014). This criticism triggered this research whose aim was to systematically identify, prioritise and mitigate critical risk factors that impact on supply chain performance metrics of time, cost and quality. To achieve this aim, this study addressed two key research questions of risk prioritisation and risk treatment. A number of Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) studies available in literature mainly identified risks factors without much focus on prioritisation using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methodology. This enquiry was abductive in reasoning and mixed methods in approach using process FMEA to quantify and analyse process risks. Besides being industry relevant, the benefit of using FMEA for this investigation included an increased focus on most imminent risks, prioritisation of risks and development of effective risk mitigation strategies. The research findings confirmed that poor risk management is the primary cause of poor supply chain performance. It also found a causal relationship between detection capability and likelihood of occurrence on a few of the risks, and a zero relationship on most risks tested. Overall, the research confirmed the proposition that effective supply chain risk management approach (prioritisation and mitigation/treatment) contributes to an improvement in supply chain performance of health programs in Sub Saharan Africa. The research findings matter in that the established risk profiles by performance metrics of delivery time, cost and quality (the SCRM Iceberg Model) can be used by supply chain managers to anticipate and proactively manage the potential risks found in their operations. The knowledge on the relationship between investment on risk detection capability and the reduction in risk occurrence challenges managers to re-assess the potential benefit of every investment on risk detection. The suggested context specific challenges and opportunities identified in this study, if applied rationally can help effectively manage supply chain risks for humanitarian operations in Sub-Saharan Africa and similar context globally.
Development and Research on the Orthopedic 3D Image Computer Aided Diagnosis and Treatment System

Objective: Development of orthopedic 3D image computer aided diagnosis system can provide the help in the diagnosis of the orthopedic diseases. Methods: 150 patients from January 2014 to January 2016 were chosen as study samples. According to CT scan and X-ray image data, we got 3D reconstruction to the injured parts for the patients with fractures, and conducted evaluation according to the clinical data. Results: Comparing the examination result of the patients with fractures with the computer three-dimensional reconstruction, P>0.05, the difference is not of statistical significance. Conclusion: Orthopedic 3D image computer aided diagnosis system can help to reconstruct 3D images of damaged fracture parts, which is a very helpful diagnos and treatment asistant method for bone injuries, and will have very broad clinical application prospect.
THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CROATIAN COMPANIES

Economic globalization and the increased flow of goods, services, and capital do not only imply new possibilities from the environment, but also new strategic challenges for companies. If a company wants to survive and remain active on the market, it is necessary to expand business activities outside the borders of the mother country i.e. to begin the process of internationalization. There are many modes of internationalization, from those referred to as trans-border (or trans-regional) business operations, those are usually exporting activities, to sophisticated forms that include the activity of founding and taking over foreign companies, technology transfer and other skills and strategic alliances where companies pursue common interests on the global market. If business internationalization is a form of measure of strategic success in relatively unfavorable conditions, then it is relevant to put forward the proposition that business internationalization of the companies in Croatia is the result of developed technological capabilities. Since capabilities are generally seen as prerequisites for expanding business operations, it is not surprising that technological capabilities are considered dominant determinants of the level of internationalization of a company’s business activities. The paper addresses interrelationships among technological capabilities measured through investments in technology, investments in research and development, the frequency of introduction of new products and technological solutions and business internationalization defined in its narrow sense as exporting activities and trans-border sales made by Croatian companies. Primary * Assistant professor, Department of International Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business University of Zagreb; ikovac@efzg.hr ** Assistant professor, Department of Managerial Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business University of Zagreb; dlabas@efzg.hr Intereulaweast, Vol. VI (1) 2019 44 research has been conducted on the companies in the Republic of Croatia by the use of a questionnaire (the companies that realize the export share of over 50% in the total income).
The Good and Bad News about the New Liquidity Rules of Basel III in Islamic Banking of Malaysia

How has Basel III (Bank for International Settlements), regarding the computation, measurement, and management of the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR), vitalized the Islamic banking sector in emerging economies? Vice versa, what is the Islamic banking sector’s capacity to respond in embracing Basel III? This study aims to review the current issues faced by a bank as it discusses the current regulatory guidelines and operational challenges in implementing the system. Based on the implementation of LCR preliminary secondary data of Malaysian banks between 2010 and 2016, this study finds that the readiness of LCR system implementation in the Islamic banking industry is currently low because LCR is still relatively new for all financial institutions and vendors. There is a huge gap between the present system infrastructure of the banks and the LCR model requirements as defined by BNM (Bank Negara Malaysia) under Basel III. Nevertheless, this finding opens new horizons of understanding and practically offers further investigations for the whole banking sector in Malaysia. Thus, policy makers, regulators, and industry players should utilize a unique framework for Islamic banks when strategizing liquidity risk management.