Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiviral drug susceptibility of human herpesvirus 8

We studied the susceptibility of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) to a number of antiherpesvirus agents. The acyclic nucleoside phosphonate (ANP) analogs cidofovir and HPMPA [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine] effected potent inhibition of HHV-8 DNA synthesis, with 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 6.3 and 0.6 microM, respectively. Adefovir, an ANP with both antiretrovirus and antiherpesvirus activity, blocked HHV-8 DNA replication at a fourfold-lower concentration than did foscarnet (EC50 of 39 and 177 microM, respectively). The most potent inhibitory effect was obtained with the N-7-substituted nucleoside analog S2242 (EC50, 0.11 microM). The nucleoside analogs acyclovir, penciclovir, H2G ((R)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl) butyl]guanine), and brivudine had weak to moderate effects (EC50 of > or =75, 43, 42, and 24 microM, respectively, and EC90 of > or =75 microM), whereas ganciclovir elicited pronounced anti-HHV-8 activity (EC50, 8.9 microM).
Hexose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Knock-out Mice Lack 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1-mediated Glucocorticoid Generation*

The local generation of active glucocorticoid by NADPH-dependent, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) oxoreductase activity, has emerged as an important factor in regulating hepatic glucose output and visceral adiposity. We have proposed that this NADPH is generated within the endoplasmic reticulum by the enzyme hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. To address this hypothesis, we generated mice with a targeted inactivation of the H6PD gene. These mice were unable to convert 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) to corticosterone but demonstrated increased corticosterone to 11-DHC conversion consistent with lack of 11β-HSD1 oxoreductase and a concomitant increase in dehydrogenase activity. This increased corticosterone clearance in the knock-out mice resulted in a reduction in circulating corticosterone levels. Our studies define the critical requirement of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase for 11β-HSD1 oxoreductase activity and add a new dimension to the investigation of 11β-HSD1 as a therapeutic target in patients with the metabolic syndrome.
The Unnoticed Contributions of the Cerebellum to Language

Background: In addition to its well-known role in motor processing, the cerebellum has been shown to contribute to a number of nonmotor cognitive abilities. However, despite (1) the acknowledged demonstration of the motor, perceptual and cognitive contributions of the cerebellum and (2) the growing number of neuroimaging studies allowing for the exploration of the neurobiological bases of language abilities, only a small number of neuroimaging studies focus on the cerebellar contribution to language. Aims: To look for unreported cerebellar activations in the neuroimaging literature for language, in order to systematically describe the unreported or otherwise unnoticed cerebellar activations associated with language tasks. Methods: A recent review paper by Démonet et al. [Physiol Rev 2005;85:49–95] was used as a base in order to investigate the literature on the neuroimaging of language abilities. Results: Of the 450 papers cited in this review, 100 articles were directly related to single-word processing, of which only 34 reported cerebellum activations. Conclusion: The full integration of the cerebellum in the network allowing for language and communication is still to come, as very few neuroimaging studies do report cerebellar activations underlying the processing of words.
Novel design of circular UWB antenna

In this paper, simple structure of Ultra-wideband antenna has been proposed. The proposed antenna is designed to operate from 3.10 GHz to 12 GHz. The antenna consists of circular patch with slots and steps on the patch. The purpose of the slots and steps are used to enhance the operating bandwidth. Apart from that, the partial ground plane is used to optimize the bandwidth of return loss. The performances of the antenna are been investigated in this paper. All the simulations were carried out by CST Microwave Studio. Detail of the designed antenna and results are presented and discussed.
An Empirical Study on the Smartphone Consumer Choice Factors - Comparison of Korea and Chinese Consumers

Recently, Korea and China smart phone users are going to increase dramatically. According to the Korea Telecommunications Industry of smart phone subscribers are 10 million people in March 2011, followed by break through the 30 million people in August 2012, 10 months. Especially, Consumption patterns of Chinese and Korean progressing rapidly using a smart phone but also is being offered a good opportunity in the enterprise. In this study, the foundation focus on the choice factors by comparing attributes of the difference the consumer smart phone recognition between South Korea and China. Finally, analyze the global management strategies of smart phone manufacturers, as well as further smart phone user environments. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, according to the Korea Consumer choice and smart phone of Chinese consumers are showing a difference. In Korea, the consumer design, size, ease of display, epidemic, for consumer applications, while China appears to affect performance factors, sizes, key-operated convenience, price, aftersales service, brand awareness, application factors were affected.
Comparison of four methods in the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile disease.

Nine hundred forty-five stool specimens from patients suspected of having Clostridium difficile disease were examined using a cell culture cytotoxicity assay (CTA), two enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits (Cytoclone for toxins A and B; VIDAS for toxin A) and a latex agglutination assay (CDT). One hundred nineteen specimens had positive titers (> or = 90) in the CTA; clinical review of 16 discordant samples and 49 controls supported the significance of 90 as the positive cut-off titer. The performance of the two EIAs and the latex assay was assessed relative to CTA titers of the samples. Sensitivity was < or = 50% for all three assays for the 24 specimens with CTA titers of 90, but it reached 97-100% for the two EIAs and 84% for the latex assay at titers of > or = 2,250. The Cytoclone EIA exhibited higher sensitivity at the lower positive titers. Overall, specificity of the methods ranged from 96.7% (CDT latex assay) to 99.1% (Cytoclone EIA).
Significance of PC cell‐derived growth factor and cyclin D1 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Background. PC cell‐derived growth factor (PCDGF) is an autocrine growth factor originally purified from the highly tumorigenic teratoma PC cell line. It participates in tumorigenesis and tumour progression through upregulation of cyclin D1. To date, there has been no report on the role of PCDGF in skin cancer, to our knowledge.
Predicting Influential Recommendation Revisions

We find that 19% of sell-side analysts’ stock recommendation revisions move stock prices significantly on the event date. With a model that predicts influential revisions out-of-sample, we show that these predictions can be used to form long-short one-month portfolios that earn an alpha of 26% per annum in the period between 1999 and 2013. This corresponds to more than five times the annualized returns of price momentum. Contrary to previous evidence, this strategy survives to substantial transaction costs. These findings show that recommendations are an important means by which analysts assimilate information into stock prices.
Type Abstraction for Relaxed Noninterference

Information-flow security typing statically prevents confidential information to leak to public channels. The fundamental information flow property, known as noninterference, states that a public observer cannot learn anything from private data. As attractive as it is from a theoretical viewpoint, noninterference is impractical: real systems need to intentionally declassify some information, selectively. Among the different information flow approaches to declassification, a particularly expressive approach was proposed by Li and Zdancewic, enforcing a notion of relaxed noninterference by allowing programmers to specify declassification policies that capture the intended manner in which public information can be computed from private data. This paper shows how we can exploit the familiar notion of type abstraction to support expressive declassification policies in a simpler, yet more expressive manner. In particular, the type-based approach to declassification—which we develop in an object-oriented setting—addresses several issues and challenges with respect to prior work, including a simple notion of label ordering based on subtyping, support for recursive declassification policies, and a local, modular reasoning principle for relaxed noninterference. This work paves the way for integrating declassification policies in practical security-typed languages.
Engagement with Online Media

Abstract Engagement has emerged as an important concept for newsorganizations. Yet lack of agreement within the industry and the academy on the definition of engagement has left news companies vulnerable to the definitions dictated by advertisers, who focus on brand placement not news content. This paper relies on quantitative and qualitative methodologies to define online engagement as a collection ofexperiences, illustrates that there are actually two important types of engagement (personal and social-interactive engagement) for media companies, and demonstrates their predictive validity by showing bothare associated with readership.
Benchmarks for Digital Preservation Tools

For full conference proceedings, please visit: https://phaidra.univie. ac.at/view/o:429524. These proceedings are licensed under a CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. CC BY 4.0 International. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Idiopathic CD4 (cid:1) T-cell lymphocytopenia is associated with impaired membrane expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4

Idiopathic CD4 T-cell lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare acquired T-cell immunodeﬁciency of unknown pathogenic basis. Six adults with ICL who developed opportunistic infections were investigated using extensive immunophenotyping analysis and functional evaluation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. For all 6 patients studied, a profound defect in CXCR4 expression was detected at the surface of CD4 (cid:1) T lymphocytes, in association with an abnormal intracellular accumulation of CXCR4 and of its natural ligand, the chemokine CXCL12. For all patients studied, CD4 (cid:1) T-cell chemotactic response toward CXCL12 was decreased, whereas sensi-tivity to CXCL8 was preserved. CXCR4 recovery after ligand-induced endocytosis was impaired in ICL CD4 (cid:1) T cells. Upon in vitro addition of interleukin-2 (IL-2), membrane expression of CXCR4 returned to normal levels in 5 of 6 patients, whereas intracellular accumulation of CXCR4 and CXCL12 disappeared. Upon therapeutic administration of IL-2, CD4 (cid:1) T-cell count and membrane CXCR4 expression and function improved over time in 3 of 4 patients treated.Therefore,ourdataindicatethatICL is associated with defective surface expression of CXCR4, which may be reversed by IL-2. ( Blood . 2010;115(18):3708-3717) case reports of IL-2 administration 10,11 and 1 case report of IFN- (cid:4) treatment, 12 provide a rationale for furthering cytokine-based immunotherapy in ICL patients. In conclusion, our data indicate that ICL is associated with a defect in membrane CXCR4 expression, which may be reversed by IL-2.
Pricing under Uncertainty in Agricultural Grain Markets and the Objectives of Cooperatives: A Mixed Oligopoly Analysis

The lack of consensus on the objective of the agricultural cooperative (co-op) has been an obstacle for the advancement of co-op theory and empirical implications. This paper develops a theoretical model to compare pricing behavior of co-op and for-profit investor owned firm in the context of mixed oligopoly with uncertain future profit. We focus specifically on the change in market equilibrium as the objective of cooperative firm moves along the objective spectrum from profit-maximization towards maximization
Management accounting needs of SMEs and the role of professional accountants: A renewed research agenda

In this paper we discuss the importance of management accounting information for the owner-managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). We firstly, trace developments in management accounting thoughts and theories, and this is followed by the nature of SMEs and their demand for management accounting information. We then discuss the pressures on small accounting practitioners (SAPs) and their ability to meet SMEs’ management accounting needs. The paper ends with opportunities, challenges and future directions for SMEs, SAPs, and researchers in management accounting and control systems (MACS).
A Dynamic Programming Approach for Optimal Signal Priority Control Upon Multiple High-Frequency Bus Requests

This article presents a priority signal control model for multiple bus requests. The proposed model aims to generate the optimal priority serving sequence to maximize the utilization of available green times by buses, but not to incur excessive congestion for other vehicular traffic. This study first depicts the serving sequence for multiple priority requests as a multistage decision process and explicitly models three bus priority strategies under the constraints of minimum green time, acceptable degree of saturation, and length of priority window. Further, it formulates a dynamic programming model to optimize the serving sequence for multiple priority requests as well as the corresponding signal timing plans under various levels of bus occupancy, schedule deviation, and traffic demand. A rolling time horizon approach is employed to solve the proposed model in real time. Comparative analysis results have shown that the proposed dynamic programming model outperforms the first-come-first-serve policy in terms of reducing bus delays, improving schedule adherence, and minimizing the impacts on other vehicular traffic. Computational performance analysis has further demonstrated the potential of the proposed model and algorithm to be applied in real-time bus priority control system.
Marketing as an organized behavioral system of exchange.

E XCHANGE has been proposed by a number of marketing scholars as a fundamental framework for viewing marketing. Yet little has been proposed in the way of theory-and even less has materialized in the realm of applications -for using the exchange orientation. As others have emphasized, theory is built on propositions which, in turn, are comprised of sequences and relationships among concepts.1 In order to develop a general theory of marketing based on exchange, one must by necessity begin with well-formed concepts and variables and relate these in causal or logical deductive structures.2 This article has two specific goals. The first objective is to define the core concepts in the exchange paradigm. The second is to introduce the notion of an exchange system as a conceptual framework useful for generating theory in marketing. Overall, the purpose is to define marketing as the process of creating and resolving exchange relationships.
Study on uncalibrated algorithm for dynamic visual servoing system

In order to calibrate cameras and robot models precisely in industrial practice, a novel dynamic uncalibrated eye-in-hand visual servoing system to track a moving target is proposed. The method does not require calibration of camera and robot kinematic models. Visual serving algorithm to track dynamic image is developed through minimizing nonlinear objective function. Because the large residual is not approximated in dynamic environment and the change of composite image Jacobian with time increment can't be computed in visual servoing system now, large residuals are dynamic approximated and the change of composite image Jacobian at each iterative step is computed. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of these approaches.
Predicting Job Salaries from Text Descriptions

An online job listing web site has extensive data that is primarily unstructured text descriptions of the posted jobs. Many listings provide a salary, but as many as half do not. For those listings that do not provide a salary, it is useful to predict a salary based on the description of that job. We tested a variety of regression methods, including maximum-likelihood regression, lasso regression, artiﬁcial neural networks and random forests. We optimized the parameters of each of these methods, validated the performance of each model using cross validation and compared the performance of these methods on a withheld test data set
Does engagement in corporate social responsibility provide strategic insurance-like effects?

Research summary: This study examines whether the stock and bond prices of firms engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) can benefit from insurance-like effects during occurrences of negative events. Our results suggest that in the face of negative events, engagement in CSR on a continuous, long-term basis provides insurance-like effects on both the stock and bond prices of firms. Nevertheless, the effects are found to quickly disappear following the occurrence of a second, or subsequent, negative event. Although our results clearly indicate that firms need to allocate some of their available resources to long-term strategic CSR activities, managers must also realize that in a crisis communication, they will probably be able to use their CSR claims on one occasion only. Managerial summary: The purpose of this article is to examine whether firms engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) can benefit from insurance-like effects during occurrences of negative events. We find that on the occurrence of a negative event, long-term CSR engagement does have insurance-like effects. We also find that these insurance-like effects may quickly disappear following the occurrence of a second negative event. Managers of firms with a long history of CSR activities need to realize that in a crisis communication, they can probably use their claims of adherence to CSR only once. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Business Licensing: A Key to Investment Climate Reform

Reforming business licensing is a key starting point for improving the investment climate. Complex licensing procedures may encourage firms to remain unregistered, giving rise to difficulties later in accessing finance from formal financial institutions and constraining productivity and expansion. Across sectors, this can suppress the establishment of new firms and therefore the creation of new jobs, dragging down overall economic growth. Improving and reforming business licensing can significantly increase the number of businesses and thus help nurture employment creation. Several quick-win interventions are possible. First, there is a need to improve the quality of the business licensing website and help desk. The website and help desk should act as a frontline in dealing with investment regulations and policies for investors. Improvements should cover both hard and soft infrastructure of the website and help desk, including the skills of officials. Second, business license simplification should be continued by limiting licenses to those that serve their objective and cutting unnecessary licenses, and or consolidating licenses. Third, full implementation of electronic application and payment systems for business licenses should be fostered, together with increasing the nonfiscal incentives for firms to become registered. The registration system should also function as a nationwide database which could then be a source of reliable information both on firms and for firms, linked to government programs and grants, and business regulation updates. Fourth, a transparent system to show the progress of each business application should be set up, together with a recorded evaluation system in which users can provide feedback to improve the system. Finally, efforts in the medium term should focus on improving coordination among government agencies and clarifying the roles of central and local regulations, both horizontally and vertically
A Research on the Programme Management model

The programme management provides a management approach to achieve company strategy and business object by effective managing projects in the programme, thereby the advantages of programme management develop theories and practices of the project management. Based on associated issues, this paper puts forward the concepts of the programme and the programme management. At the same time, the paper analyses the types and organization structure of the programme management. Then, the programme management activities were illustrated from four dimensions of management elements; stakeholders; levels and time. And finally, the paper proposes the programme management information system.
The Value-Relevance Of Internet Web Traffic And Revenue On Top Arab Banks Comparative Efficiency Performances

The comparative efficiency performances of the top Middle East Arab banks are measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Principal Components Factor Analysis (PCFA). Cross-sectional data are used from Bankscope and the recently constructed and publically available web metrics, Alex.com, for 2008. This paper identifies the ‘best practices’ of banks associated with measures of internet web traffic and revenue outputs. Results identify large disparities between Arab banks’ comparative efficiency performances. The highest technically efficient scoring banks were not necessarily the larger banks and banks that were efficient were not necessarily profitable. No significant relationship was detected between large banks that are efficient at generating website visits and those that are efficient at generating revenues. Smaller banks revealed more evidence of comparative efficiency performance towards generating website traffic output. From a policy perspective, this study highlights the importance of encouraging increased efficiency throughout the banking industry in the Arab world, particularly in the area of internet banking. It further reveals the state of some electronic data availability and transparency in the MENA region.
Applying real options in the TV Market : a simple framework for valuing flexibility

ix RESUMEN . x 1. General Introduction . 1 2. Introduction . 2 3. A real options model for maximizing profits of a TV program . 5 4. Case study and discussion . 9 4.1. Chilean television industry . 9 4.2. Data . 9 4.3. Estimation of a profit function (Definition of the financial impact of possible outcomes) . 11 4.4. Modeling the rating’s stochastic process (Definition of the uncertainty) . 12 4.4.1. Fixed effects . 13 4.4.2. Random effects . 15 4.4.3. Stochastic process of program ratings . 16 4.5. Results . 17 4.5. 1. Option to cancel after a single fixed episode number . 18 4.5. 2. Option to cancel after either of two fixed episode numbers . 20 5. Conclusions . 24 References . 26 v Appendices . 31 APPENDIX A. Linear mixed rating model . 32 A.1. Linear mixed effects model and estimation of out-of-sample observations . 32 A.2. Statistical significance of fixed and random effects . 36 APPENDIX B. Quantification of the error in the expected profit . 38