Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural language processing and machine learning as practical toolsets for archival processing

PurposeThis study aims to provide an overview of recent efforts relating to natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning applied to archival processing, particularly appraisal and sensitivity reviews, and propose functional requirements and workflow considerations for transitioning from experimental to operational use of these tools.Design/methodology/approachThe paper has four main sections. 1) A short overview of the NLP and machine learning concepts referenced in the paper. 2) A review of the literature reporting on NLP and machine learning applied to archival processes. 3) An overview and commentary on key existing and developing tools that use NLP or machine learning techniques for archives. 4) This review and analysis will inform a discussion of functional requirements and workflow considerations for NLP and machine learning tools for archival processing.FindingsApplications for processing e-mail have received the most attention so far, although most initiatives have been experimental or project based. It now seems feasible to branch out to develop more generalized tools for born-digital, unstructured records. Effective NLP and machine learning tools for archival processing should be usable, interoperable, flexible, iterative and configurable.Originality/valueMost implementations of NLP for archives have been experimental or project based. The main exception that has moved into production is ePADD, which includes robust NLP features through its named entity recognition module. This paper takes a broader view, assessing the prospects and possible directions for integrating NLP tools and techniques into archival workflows.
Architecture Optimization Model for the Deep Neural Network For Binary Classification Problems

The daunting and challenging tasks of specifying the optimal network architecture and its parameters are still a major area of research in the field of Machine Learning (ML) till date. These tasks though determine the success of building and training an effective and accurate model, are yet to be considered on a deep network having three hidden layers with varying optimized parameters to the best of our knowledge. This is due to expert’s opinion that it is practically difficult to determine a good Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) topology with more than two or three hidden layers without considering the number of samples and complexity of the classification to be learnt. In this study, a novel approach that combines an evolutionary genetic algorithm and an optimization algorithm and a supervised deep neural network (Deep-NN) using alternative activation functions with the view of modeling the prediction for the admission of prospective university students. The genetic algorithm is used to select optimal network parameters for the Deep-NN. Thus, this study presents a novel methodology that is effective, automatic and less human-dependent in finding optimal solution to diverse binary classification benchmarks. The model is trained, validated and tested using various performance metrics to measure the generalization ability and its performance.
Effect of short-term controlled atmospheres on the postharvest quality and sensory shelf life of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)

ABSTRACT Marketing of raspberries is limited by their short postharvest life under refrigerated storage (<14 days). Short-term controlled atmospheres have been found to be effective in increasing the storage life of different crops and providing a more sustainable alternative to maintain postharvest quality compared to a continuous controlled atmosphere (CA). In this work, the effect of short-term CA treatments: early (15% CO2, 10% O2 for 3 days + air for 11 days) and intermediate (3 days in air +3 days 15% CO2, 10% O2 + 8 days in air) versus continuous CA on the postharvest quality of red raspberry cv. “Adelita” was evaluated. Short-term CA treatments significantly reduced weight loss during the first 6 days of storage. Early CA fruit showed longer sensory shelf life (SSL) values, and improved color parameters during storage compared to control.
Chemotactic agents induce IL‐6Rα shedding from polymorphonuclear cells: involvement of a metalloproteinase of the TNF‐α‐converting enzyme (TACE) type

Interleukin (IL)‐6 transsignaling plays a pivotal role in the shift from neutrophil to monocyte recruitment at the inflammatory site. Release of neutrophil IL‐6 receptor‐α (IL‐6Rα, CD126) in its soluble form is a key step of IL‐6 transsignaling, however, its physiological inducers are poorly known. Here, we observed that the neutrophil chemoattractants IL‐8, C5a complement fraction, platelet activating factor, leukotriene B4 and N‐formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine rapidly decreased IL‐6Rα membrane expression and increased soluble IL‐6Rα concentrations in the neutrophil supernatants, consistent with a shedding process. IL‐6Rα shedding involved a TNF‐α‐converting enzyme‐type metalloproteinase since it was partly decreased in the presence of a specific inhibitor, but not cathepsin G since PMSF or α1 antichymotrypsin had no effect. Neutrophil IL‐6Rα shedding may be a common feature of neutrophilic infiltrates in various inflammatory situations, allowing IL‐6 transsignaling, decreasing neutrophil infiltration and in the meantime favoring monocyte recruitment, thus the initiation of an immune response and subsequently the resolution of inflammation.
Variação diária na excreção de indicadores interno (FDAi) e externo (Cr2O3), digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais em bovinos alimentados com dietas contendo uréia ou farelo de soja

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing (0 and 100%, DM basis) soybean meal with urea, in diets with two levels of concentrate (0.75 and 1.25% of BW), on intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal metabolism in cattle. It was also of particular interest to investigate the variation in the daily excretion of internal (iADF) and external (Cr2O3) markers. Four Holstein steers averaging 445 kg of BW and fitted with ruminal and abomasal cannulas were used in this trial. Markers excretion data were analyzed as a completely randomized block design in a split plot. The split plot model included the effects of treatment in the whole plot, markers in the subplot and the five days of total fecal collection as the sub-subplot. A 4 x 4 Latin square design was used to evaluate nutrient digestibility. The forage portion of the diet contained elephant grass silage and sorghum silage in an 80:20 ratio. No significant interaction was detected for any of the studied variables. Markers excretion was not affected by day of fecal collection and diets. Indigestible ADF underestimated nutrient digestibility while digestibility estimated by Cr2O3 did not differ from that measured by total collection of feces. Except for NDF, intake of all remaining nutrients increased when the dietary concentrate level increased from 0.75 to 1.25% of BW. The same was observed for nutrient digestibility with the exception of ether extract. Only ruminal digestibility of NFC was changed by the concentrate level in the diet. Ruminal NH3 and pH were both affected by inclusion of urea in the diet. It was concluded that there is no need of 5 days of total fecal collection because the markers used were able to satisfactorily estimate nutrient digestibility.
Too Big to Sell? A Computational Analysis of Network and Content Characteristics among Mega and Micro Beauty and Fashion Social Media Influencers

Abstract Fashion and beauty brands leverage social media influencers to shape purchasing decisions, improve cost effectiveness, and reach wider audiences. New conventional wisdom has brands moving away from megainfluencers toward microinfluencers due to greater perceived relatability and trustworthiness. This study employs a novel computational approach integrating network analysis and computational text analysis to understand differences in content and its diffusion through mega- and microinfluencer Twitter networks. Findings debunk conventional wisdom that microinfluencers can best fill unique roles by forging intimate, emotion-laden interpersonal connections. While microinfluencers are more central to two-way dialogue within their networks, megainfluencers garner more affect directed toward them, indicating greater trust. Practical implications for the continued value of megainfluencers and the identification and development of promising microinfluencers are discussed.
Relief of Na+ block of Ca2+-activated K+ channels by external cations

The flickery block of single Ca2+-activated K+ channels that is produced by internally applied Na+ can be relieved by millimolar concentrations of external K+. This effect of K+ on the kinetics of Na+ block was studied by the method of amplitude distribution analysis described in the companion paper (Yellen, G., 1984b, J. Gen. Physiol., 84:157-186). It appears that K+ relieves block by increasing the exit rate of the blocking ion from the channel, not by competitively slowing its entrance rate. This suggests that a K ion that enters the channel from the outside can expel the blocking Na ion, which entered the channel from the inside. Cs+, which cannot carry current through the channel, and Rb+, which carries a reduced current through the channel, are just as effective as K+ in relieving the block by internal Na+. The kinetics of block by internal nonyltriethylammonium (C9) are unaffected by the presence of these ions in the external bathing solution.
Social Relationships Among Adult Male and Female Baboons. Ii. Behaviour Throughout the Female Reproductive Cycle

A study of social interactions between two adult males and eight adult females throughout sexual cycling, pregnancy, and lactation revealed three types of "long-term" social bond. 1. Persistent, high-frequency bonds. Two male-female dyads exhibited frequent proximity and grooming throughout the study regardless of changes in female reproductive state. In both cases frequent interaction persisted because of preferences which partners showed for each other. Males in both dyads aided their partners when the partners received aggression more often than they aided others. 2. Persistent, low-frequency bonds. Three females showed a preference for the Alpha male over the subordinate male in all reproductive states. Each female appeared to be attempting to establish a "high-frequency" social bond with the Alpha male. However, all were prevented from doing so by two factors: the Alpha male's preference for one female over all others (see above), and competition from this preferred female. Females competed for access to the Alpha male equally often in all reproductive states. 3. Bonds based on "alternating" f emale preference. Three females associated primarily with the subordinate male during lactation and the Alpha male during sexual cycling. Since the subordinate male served as a focal point for the activities of infants and juveniles, females appeared to benefit from their association with him during lactation. In addition, data suggested that the subordinate male, having established bonds during lactation, attempted to maintain these bonds into the females' periods of sexual cycling. It is hypothesized that the existence of these male-female bonds in multi-male primate groups produces a social structure characterized by a polygynous mating system. Data suggest that male-female relationships are best understood not by examining sexual consortship alone but by considering sexual behaviour within the context of social interactions throughout all reproductive states.
Gait Analysis and Knee Kinematics in Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture: Before and After Reconstruction

The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical, functional, and biomechanical symptoms in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture before and after ACL reconstruction. The study enrolled 20 patients and 20 healthy subjects as controls. Walking biomechanics was assessed at three time points: before surgery and three months and a year or more after surgical reconstruction. Impact loads on both sides differed significantly from the respective values before surgery (p<0.05). Walking cycle duration decreased with time after surgery. On both sides (affected and unaffected), hip movement amplitudes were significantly smaller than in control (p<0.05). They remained so in the follow-up periods after the reconstruction. Before ACL reconstruction, the amplitude of the main flexion of the knee was significantly reduced both on the affected and unaffected sides. The amplitude gradually increased after the reconstruction, and a year post-surgery, it reached, on the operated side, the same values as in the control group. Complete functional recovery of the knee joint was not achieved within a year after the ACL surgical reconstruction. The remaining changes, however, were not clinically pronounced and could only be detected by instrumental gait analysis. The compensatory processes developed bilaterally, in both the hip and knee joints.
Régulation de l'expression des gènes au niveau de la traduction : intérêt des modèles marins

La regulation de l'expression des genes est cruciale pour la survie des organismes, chaque etape doit etre finement regulee, depuis les genes jusqu'a la formation des proteines. Les ARNm peuvent etre stockes dans une cellule sans etre traduits automatiquement. Cela permet a la cellule de reagir rapidement pour produire les proteines necessaires au bon endroit et au bon moment en regulant l'etape de traduction. La cellule depense beaucoup d'energie pour synthetiser des proteines, il est essentiel de controler ces processus en fonction des besoins cellulaires. L'etape d'initiation de la traduction represente une etape regulatrice importante dans l'expression des genes. Elle fait intervenir de nombreux facteurs proteiques capables de se lier aux ARNm et de recruter differents partenaires pour inhiber ou stimuler la synthese proteique. Les oceans contiennent une diversite d'organismes qui constituent d'excellents modeles pour etudier les bases de l'expression des genes au niveau de la traduction. Ces organismes ont permis d'etudier des mecanismes de regulation traductionnelle dans differents processus physiologiques : cycle cellulaire (meiose lors de la maturation meiotique de l'etoile de mer, mitose en reponse a la fecondation chez l'oursin), et de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du systeme nerveux (aplysie). Toutes ces donnees permettront de trouver de nouveaux acteurs indispensables a la regulation de la traduction et de fournir de nouvelles cibles de therapie dans la lutte contre les maladies chez l'Homme.
Algorithmic Improvements of the KSU-STEM Method Verified on a Fund Portfolio Selection

The topic of this article is inspired by the problem faced by many people around the world: investment portfolio selection. Apart from the standardly used methods and approaches, non-traditional multiple objective programming methods can also be significant, providing even more efficient support for making a satisfactory investment decision. A more suitable method for this purpose seems to be a concept working with an interactive procedure through the portfolio that may gradually be adapted to the investor’s preferences. Such a method is clearly the Step Method (STEM) or the more suitable improved version KSU-STEM. This method is still burdened by partial algorithmic weaknesses or methodical aspects to think about, but not as much as the other methods. The potentially stronger application power of the KSU-STEM concept motivates its revision. Firstly, an unnecessarily negative principle to determine the basal value of the objectives is revised. Further, the fuzzy goals are specified, which leads to a reformulation of the revealed defuzzified multi-objective model. Finally, the imperfect re-setting of the weights (importance) of unsatisfactory objectives is revealed. Thus, the alternative approaches are proposed. The interventions to the algorithm are empirically verified through a real-life selection of a portfolio of the open unit trusts offered by CONSEQ Investment Management traded on the Czech capital market. This application confirms a significant supporting power of the revised multiple objective programming approach KSU-STEM in a portfolio-making process.
Identification of a Unique Co-operative Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling Mechanism Regulating Integrin αIIbβ3 Adhesive Function in Platelets*

Phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinases play an important role in regulating the adhesive function of a variety of cell types through affinity modulation of integrins. Two type I PI 3-kinase isoforms (p110β and p110γ) have been implicated in Gi-dependent integrin αIIbβ3 regulation in platelets, however, the mechanisms by which they coordinate their signaling function remains unknown. By employing isoform-selective PI 3-kinase inhibitors and knock-out mouse models we have identified a unique mechanism of PI 3-kinase signaling co-operativity in platelets. We demonstrate that p110β is primarily responsible for Gi-dependent phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2) production in ADP-stimulated platelets and is linked to the activation of Rap1b and AKT. In contrast, defective integrin αIIbβ3 activation in p110γ-/- platelets was not associated with alterations in the levels of PI(3,4)P2 or active Rap1b/AKT. Analysis of the effects of active site pharmacological inhibitors confirmed that p110γ principally regulated integrin αIIbβ3 activation through a non-catalytic signaling mechanism. Inhibition of the kinase function of PI 3-kinases, combined with deletion of p110γ, led to a major reduction in integrin αIIbβ3 activation, resulting in a profound defect in platelet aggregation, hemostatic plug formation, and arterial thrombosis. These studies demonstrate a kinase-independent signaling function for p110γ in platelets. Moreover, they demonstrate that the combined catalytic and non-catalytic signaling function of p110β and p110γ is critical for P2Y12/Gi-dependent integrinαIIbβ3 regulation. These findings have potentially important implications for the rationale design of novel antiplatelet therapies targeting PI 3-kinase signaling pathways.
Police guns and private security cars. Ordering the state through socio-material policing assemblages in Nairobi

In this article, I show how the work of heterogeneous security and policing assemblages in Nairobi hinges upon and reproduces physical urban borders, and consequentially enacts social orders. While these assemblages enrol a diverse collection of people and objects, I liken their work to that of the state: some urban residents are considered as belonging to safe spaces and in need of extra protection, while others are considered dangerous and targets of policing activities. I draw on one year of ethnographic fieldwork with private security companies and police patrols in middle- and upper-class Nairobi. In Nairobi, armed police personnel are commonly seen in vehicles that are marked with the logos and colours of security companies or private vehicles. These arrangements are not only based on agreements between companies’ managers, urban residents and police, but rely on what specific infrastructures (such as road or radio networks) and various objects (such as guns and cars) afford. These material elements are not insignificant details. Rather they become central to the unfolding of the patrols. They contribute to the work of security and policing assemblages of categorizing Nairobi’s residents as either dangerous and potentially criminal subjects or as residents in need of extra protection.
Energy transfer and female condition in nursing harp seals Phoca groenlandica

Lactating female harp seals, most with their pups, were collected on the “whelping” ice in the Gulf of St. Lawrence in 1976 and from 1978 to 1980. During lactation females lost weight at an average rate of 3.17±0.52 (SEb) kg d−1, for a total energy loss of approximately 250000 kcal. Pups grew at a mean rate of 2.78±0.19 kg d−1 for a gain in production energy of about 194000 kcal. Compared to 1976, adult females sampled in 1978 to 1980 had lower energy reserves at the onset of lactation. Coincidentally there has been a decrease in newborn lengths and girths. Although compensatory growth in weight appears to occur, between-year differences in newborn lengths persist to weaning. Various reproductive strategies of female harp seals faced with reduced energy stores are discussed.
Conservators of Experience

At a recent talk on the global extinction crisis, prominent botanist and conservation biologist Peter Raven, in an aside, fondly reminisced about his boyhood plant-collecting trips in then semiwild Napa County, California. As I listened, I reflexively thought of my own early rambles in the Adirondacks of New York State. At the end of the talk, a member of the audience asked, “How can young people today have the experiences with nature that you had? Where will the Peter Ravens of the future come from? ” This is a profoundly important issue that we biologists should consider. Over the last several decades, the significance of biodiversity, and the need for its protection, has emerged as one of the organizing principles of biology. The selection of articles in this and other scientific journals reflects a large and growing research effort that explicitly addresses many aspects of biodiversity loss and protection. Even research on traditional topics of “pure” biology often includes the conservation implications of results.
Design and Research of Intelligent Mobile Robot Based on IOT Information Fusion

Artificial intelligence-based intelligent robots are becoming more and more popular at present, and robot navigation is an instruction issued by the neural network of the robot. Therefore, a variety of sensors need to be distributed in the neural network of the robot to issue commands for the navigation of the robot. , Plan the path, and perceive external information and adjust your position during the process. Therefore, the multi-sensor information fusion technology based on the Internet of Things is very important. It can provide a better information foundation for robot navigation, improve the robot navigation system and improve accuracy with the IOT information fusion technology.
Impact of dietary practices on serum ferritin content of pregnant mothers in the Batticaloa district Sri Lanka

This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the dietary practices on serum ferritin content of pregnant mothers in the Batticaloa District. A sample size of 382 pregnant mothers aged 15 - 49 years in the second trimester of gestation was randomly selected and the food consumption patterns of them were collected using pretested food frequency questionnaires and serum ferritin level were measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and MINITAB. Polynomial regression analysis was done to identify the best frequency of consumption foods that increase the serum ferritin level. The mean serum ferritin level of the mothers was 27.76 ± 8.54 ng/mL. Around 35.3% had low serum ferritin (