Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Estimation of Bird Diversity Loss and Gain as an Impact of Oil Palm Plantation: Study Case in KJNP Estate Riau Province

 Abstract — The rapid growth of oil palm industry in Indonesia raised many negative accusations from various parties, who said that oil palm plantation is damaging the environment and biodiversity, including birds. Since research on oil palm plantation impacts on bird diversity is still limited, this study needs to be developed in order to gain further learning and understanding. Data on bird diversity were collected in March 2018 in KJNP Estate, Riau Province using strip transect method on five different land cover types (young, intermediate, and old growth of oil palm plantation, high conservation value area, and crops field or the baseline). The observations were conducted simultaneously, with three repetitions. The result shows that the baseline has 19 species of birds and land cover after the oil palm plantation has 39 species. HCV (high conservation value) area has the highest increase in diversity value. Oil palm plantation has changed the composition of bird species. The highest similarity index is shown by young growth oil palm land cover with total score 0.65, meanwhile the lowest similarity index with total score 0.43 is shown by HCV area. Overall, the existence of oil palm plantation made a positive impact by increasing bird species diversity, with total 23 species gained and 3 species lost.
Different Responses of Tropical Cyclone Tracks Over the Western North Pacific and North Atlantic to Two Distinct Sea Surface Temperature Warming Patterns

How future tropical cyclone (TC) activity could change under global warming is enormously important to society, which has been widely assessed using state‐of‐the‐art climate models. However, these models were predominantly based on projection of an El Niño‐like warming pattern. Recent studies suggested that a La Niña‐like warming pattern is also possible. Here we compare the responses of TC track density (TCTD) over the western North Pacific and North Atlantic to the two distinct global warming patterns. We find that the La Niña‐like warming pattern reduces western North Pacific TCTD except in the South China Sea and along China coast and increases NA TCTD, while the El Niño‐like warming pattern generally reduces TCTD in both basins. This is due to different responses of large‐scale dynamic/thermodynamic conditions to the distinct zonal sea surface temperature gradients associated with the two warming patterns. These results help better understand potential future change in TC tracks.
Coal Ash Waste Utilization for Environmentally Friendly Road Pavement Materials

Indonesia is boosting electricity supply, where coal fired power plants are most widely used. Burning coal activity will produce Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA) that categorized as Hazardous and Toxic Substances. The production of FABA are 6.598. 493 tons (2019) and will increase along with the 35, 000MW program. The research purpose is to study the utilization of FABA from PLTU Labuan Angin as road pavement material that not only fulfill required specifications, but has better performance and environmentally safe. The experimental method was chosen by laboratory testing. Criteria for utilization of FABA as road pavement material, must be carried out with the use of material that capable to binding FABA so that it doesn’t disintegrate Test results showed that FA is type F with CaO levels <10% and LoI 4.27%. Characteristics testing also showed results such as specific gravity of FA 2.64 and BA 2.56, absorption 3.24%, sand equivalent 95.35%. Utilization for base layers with a composition of 75% BA, 25% FA, and 9% PCC produce γd 1.71%, Wopt 5.84%, and UCS 33.05kg/cm2. This utilization is the most effective, because it absorbs more volumes, binding cement, and compaction with heavy equipment can also prevent FABA from released so it is environmentally safe.
Cultivating College Students' Critical Thinking Ability in China

As one of the aims of cultivating innovative talents in colleges and universities, the cultivation of the ability of critical thinking has attracted great attention from domestic experts. In addition, the importance of college English curriculum in cultivating the ability of critical thinking has been emphasized in the educational field in recent years. Based on the relevant studies on College English curriculum and the critical thinking ability, this paper analyzes the definitions of critical thinking, the cultivation of critical thinking ability and the construction of measurement tools.
Synthesis of a grapevine phytoalexin in transgenic tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) conditions resistance againstPhytophthora infestans

Abstract Stilbene synthase occurs in several plant species and synthesizes the stilbene phytoalexin trans-resveratrol using substrates commonly present in plants. The formation of stilbenes is considered to be a component of general defence mechanisms against pathogens in plants. Two genes from the grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) coding for stilbene synthase were transferred to tomato (cv. Vollendung) by means of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Southern blot and Northern blot analyses demonstrated that both genes were stably integrated into the tomato genome and were expressed in transgenic regenerants and their progeny after fungal infection, wounding, induction with elicitor, and u.v. irradiation. The accumulation of the phytoalexin trans-resveratrol, the product of stilbene synthase, was detectable shortly after fungal inoculation, resulting in a significant increase in the resistance of transgenic tomato to Phytophthora infestans. A similar accumulation of resveratrol occurred after inoculation with Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani, but no significant increase in resistance was observed in transgenic tomato plants.
Co– and Post–Translational N–Linked Glycosylation of Cardiac Potassium Channel Subunits: A Dissertation

Follow this and additional works at: https://escholarship.umassmed. edu/gsbs_diss Part of the Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins Commons, Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons, Cardiovascular Diseases Commons, Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Commons, Enzymes and Coenzymes Commons, Genetic Phenomena Commons, Inorganic Chemicals Commons, and the Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Commons
Phagocytosis : the host

Contents. List of Contributors. Introduction to the Series. Preface (S. Gordon). Secton I Context. The early History of Phagocytosis (T.P. Stossel). Drosophila Hemocytes, Phagocytosis, and Croquemort, a Macrophage Receptor (N.C. Franc). Phagocytosis by Nonprofessional Phagocytes (D. Williams-Herman and Z. Werb). Section II Receptors. Scavenger Receptors and Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Apoptotic Cells (N. Platt, R. Haworth, R.P. da Silva, and S. Gordon). Mannose Receptor and Phagocytosis (I.P. Fraser, R. Alan and B. Ezekowitz). Integrin Receptors of Phagocytes (S.D. Blystone and E.J. Brown). Fc Receptor-Mediated Phagocytosis (S. Greenberg). Section III Signaling. Heterogeneity in Macrophage Phagocytosis (A. Aderem and D.M. Underhill). Signaling through RHO GTPases in Phagocytes (A.E. Abo). Regulatory Roles of Phosphatidylinositol (4,5) Bisphosphate in Cell Signalin, Membrane Traffic, and the Cytoskeleton (S. Cockcroft). Section IV The Pathway. Pathways through the Macrophage Vacuolar Compartment (J.A. Swanson). Sequential Maturation of Phagosomes provides unique Targets for Pathogens (C. Alvarez-Dominguez, L. Mayorga, and P.D. Stahl). Phagosomal Acidification: Mechanisms and Funtional Significance (D.J. Hackam, O. D. Rotstein, and S. Grinstein). The Phagocyte Actin Cytoskeleton (H. Sun, K. Lin, M. Yamamoto, and H.L. Yin). Section V Responses. Nramp1: A Novel Macrophage Protein with a Key Function in Resistance to Intracellular Pathogens (S. Gruenheid, E. Skamene, and P. Gros). Uptake and Presentation of Phagocytosed Antigens by Dendritic Cells (M.L. Albert, S. Turley, W. Garrett, I. Mellman, K. Inaba, N. Bhardway, and R.M. Steinman). Processing and Presentation of Phagocytosed Antigens to the Immune System (J. Pieters). Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Macrophages (M.U. Shiloh and C.F. Nathan). Components and Organization of the Nadph Oxidase of Phagocytic Cells: Its Role in Microbial Killing and in the Molecular Pathology of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (A.W. Segal, f. wientjes, R.W. Stockley, and L.V. Dekker). Oxygen-Independent Antimicrobial Mechanisms of PMN (P. Elsbach). Index.
Variation in Reproductive Behavior and Sexual Signals Within and Among Populations of an Incipiently Speciating Lizard

Discrete variation in colorful sexual signals is often associated with variation in reproductive tactics or strategies. Many taxa with intrapopulation color polymorphisms also exhibit variation among populations or among closely related species in the frequency of color morphs, the number of morphs present within a population, or which particular colors are used as signals. These patterns may be important for understanding speciation because theoretical and empirical studies indicate that both color polymorphism and alternative reproductive tactics may be associated with elevated diversification rates. I studied variation in throat color, an important sexual signal, within and among populations of the mesquite lizard (Sceloporus grammicus) species complex. The S. grammicus species complex is considered a possible example of incipient speciation due to high levels of variation in chromosome number, habitat use, reproductive cycles, and life history. My first chapter confirms this variability in female life history, and the rest of my dissertation is the first research to address sexual signals in S. grammicus. I performed a broad geographic survey of throat color polymorphisms and used laboratory behavioral trials and molecular phylogenetics to investigate the meaning and evolutionary context of the polymorphisms I observed. I found that male S. grammicus within a single population exhibited either orange, yellow, and blue throat color morphs or orange, yellow, and white throat color morphs. In no case did I observe the blue male morph and the white male morph in the same population. I found that both the orange/yellow/blue and orange/yellow/white polymorphisms in males were associated with variation in male aggression level, but the meanings of particular colors were different between the two populations I studied. I also found that females performed more rejection behaviors towards allopatric males when those males were of a color morph that did not occur in the female's home population than when the allopatric male was of a color morph that did occur in the female's home population. Finally, I constructed a phylogeny of the populations I had sampled and used ancestral state reconstruction to establish that the white male morph in the S. grammicus complex has originated at least twice.
A Universal Self-Adaption Workspace Mapping Method for Human–Robot Interaction Using Kinect Sensor Data

Human-robot interactions (HRIs) are a key technology to combine human and robot capabilities. Though many feasible methods have been proposed in this field, the current workspace mapping methods are deficient in terms of generality. In this paper, a universal control system based on the self-adaption workspace mapping method for HRI is designed. In normal circumstances, human movement is adjusted adaptively in a safe, obedient, stable and efficient way to the external environment. The universal control system could naturally carry out an object manipulation task by allowing a human operator to communicate his motions to the robot manipulators. More importantly, by applying this system, people no longer need to find parameters by trial-and-error because they are not affected by changes in the human and robot model. The function of similarity that is used to evaluate the similarity between a human arm and the robot is introduced. Moreover, experiments are carried out, and an analysis of results verifies the feasibility and excellent performance of the universal control system. Finally, a demonstration is applied to display the flexible implementation of the object manipulation task that is collaboratively done by the universal robot through this system, and the method is evaluated by comparing it with other method.
A Feature Difference Convolutional Neural Network-Based Change Detection Method

Change detection based on remote sensing (RS) images has a wide range of applications in many fields. However, many existing approaches for detecting changes in RS images with complex land covers still have room for improvement. In this article, a high-resolution RS image change detection approach based on a deep feature difference convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. This approach uses a CNN to learn the deep features from RS images and then uses transfer learning to compose a two-channel network with shared weight to generate a multiscale and multidepth feature difference map for change detection. The network is trained by a change magnitude guided loss function proposed in this article and needs to train with only a few pixel-level samples to generate change magnitude maps, which can help to remove some of the pseudochanges. Finally, the binary change map can be obtained by a threshold. The approach is tested on several data sets from different sensors, including WorldView-3, QuickBird, and Ziyuan-3. The experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves better performance compared with other classic approaches and has fewer missed detections and false alarms, which proves that the proposed approach has strong robustness and generalization ability.
Fruit flies : their biology, natural enemies and control

Part 1. Taxonomy and Zoogeography . Taxonomic characters used in identifying Tephritidae (R.A.I. Drew). The taxonomy and distribution of tropical and sub-tropical Dacinae (diptera: Tephritidae) (R.A.I. Drew). The taxonomy and zoogeography of the genus Anastrepha (diptera: Tephritidae) (A.L. Norrbom, R.H. Foote). Contribution towards the zoogeography of the Tephritidae (P.A. Maddison, B.J. Bartlett). Part 2. Pest Status. Mediterranean region (P. Fimiani). Southern Africa (D.L. Hancock). Part 3. Biology and Physiology. Nutrition. Requirements (J.A. Tsitsipis). The symbionts of Rhagoletis (D.J. Howard). Bacteria associated with fruit flies and their host plants (R.A.I. Drew, A.C. Lloyd). Oogenesis and spermatogenesis (D.L. Williamson). The effect of ionizing radiation on reproduction (G.H.S. Hooper). Mating pheromones. Tropical Dacines (J. Koyama). Dacus oleae (B.E. Mazomenos). Ceratitis capitata (O.T. Jones). Rhagoletis spp. (B.I. Katsoyannos). The role of pheromones in the mating system of Anastrepha fruit flies (J.L. Nation). Host. Marking pheromones (A.L. Averill, R.J. Prokopy). Parapheromones (R.T. Cunningham). Acclimation, activity levels and survival (A. Meats). Water relations of Tephritidae (A. Meats). The sensory physiology of pest fruitflies: conspectus and prospectus (M.J. Rice). Temperature - development rate relationships of the immature stages and adults of tephritid fruit flies (B.S. Fletcher). Part 4. Behaviour. Fruit fly foraging behavior (R.J. Prokopy, B.D. Roitberg). Response to shape, size and color (B.I. Katsoyannos). Behavioural partitioning of the day and circadian rhythmicity (P.H. Smith). Reproductive and mating behaviour (J. Sivinski, T. Burk). Host plant resistance to tephritids: an under-exploited control strategy (P.D. Greany). General Index. Species Index.
Emerging trends: Subwords, seriously?

Abstract Subwords have become very popular, but the BERTa and ERNIEb tokenizers often produce surprising results. Byte pair encoding (BPE) trains a dictionary with a simple information theoretic criterion that sidesteps the need for special treatment of unknown words. BPE is more about training (populating a dictionary of word pieces) than inference (parsing an unknown word into word pieces). The parse at inference time can be ambiguous. Which parse should we use? For example, “electroneutral” can be parsed as electron-eu-tral or electro-neutral, and “bidirectional” can be parsed as bid-ire-ction-al and bi-directional. BERT and ERNIE tend to favor the parse with more word pieces. We propose minimizing the number of word pieces. To justify our proposal, a number of criteria will be considered: sound, meaning, etc. The prefix, bi-, has the desired vowel (unlike bid) and the desired meaning (bi is Latin for two, unlike bid, which is Germanic for offer).
Exploring catecholase activity in dinuclear Mn(ii) and Cu(ii) complexes: an experimental and theoretical approach

While a plenty of work has been done on metal complexes incorporating N- and O-functionalised dicarboxylic acids (iminodiacetic acid and oxydiacetic acid, respectively), S-functionalised dicarboxylic acid, i.e. thiodiglycolic acid (H2tdga), is less explored and requires attention. In this study, two dinuclear complexes, namely [Mn2(tdga)2(phen)2]·2CH3OH (1) and [Cu2(tdga)2(phen)2]·H2tdga (2), were characterised employing spectral, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and DFT/TD-DFT studies. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) reveals the types of electronic transition between metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT). The crystal structure reveals the presence of various non-covalent interactions, which are further corroborated from Hirshfeld surface analysis. In EPR spectral analysis, 1 shows an isotropic signal at g = 1.99 due to Mn2+ (d5) with ground-state term 6S having a six-coordinate distorted octahedral geometry, while 2 shows two resonances, namely, g‖ = 2.21 and g⊥ = 2.11 due to the Jahn–Teller distortion of Cu2+ (d9) ions. The anisotropic g values are in the order of g‖ > g⊥ > 2.0, which is characteristic of an axially elongated tetragonal distortion with a dx2–y2 ground-state energy level. Assessment of catecholase-like activity provides Kcat = 962.56 (h−1) for 2, indicating enhanced enzymatic activity of 2 towards the oxidation of catechol (3,5-DTBC) to a quinone derivative (3,5-DTBQ). The catecholase activity of 2 is also corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) analysis.
Temporomandibular Bozukluklar ve Bruksizmde Eşlik Eden Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar ve Tedavi Seçenekleri

Temporomandibular bozukluk (TMB) cigneme kaslarini, temporomandibular eklemi (TME) ve bu eklemi cevreleyen yapilarin etkilendigi klinik bir durumdur. Bruksizm, dis sikma ve taslamayla stomatognatik yapilarin asiri yuklenmesinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya cikan, TMB etiyolojisinde yer alan parafoksiyonel bir aliskanliktir. TMB populasyonun yaklasik %10'unda, bruksizm %8-20'sinde gorulur. TMB ve bruxism etiyolojisinde bircok faktor etkilidir ve bu faktorler arasinda etkilesimler vardir. Biyomekanik, noromuskuler, biyopsikososyal ve norobiyolojik faktorler hastaliga katkida bulunur. Psikiyatrik bozukluklarin prevalansi TMB ve bruxism olan bireylerde yuksektir. Bircok psikiyatrik bozukluk, ozellikle de depresyon ve anksiyete bozukluklari, TMB ve bruksizme eslik eder. Bu hastaliklarin tedavisinde kullanilan antidepresanlar bruksizme neden olur. Bu, TMB ve bruksizmin tedavisinde onemli zorluklardan biridir. TMB ve bruksizmin tedavisinde ilk adim temel onleme yontemlerine deginmektir. Amitriptilin kullanimi TMB farmakoterapisinde belirgin olmakla birlikte, bruksizmde buspiron ve klonazepam kullanilan iki onemli ilactir. Bu ilaclarin kucuk orneklerde incelenmesi ve mevcut bilgilerin cogunlukla vaka raporlarina dayanmasi gercegi, ileri ki calismalarin gerekliligini acikca gostermektedir. Her iki hastalikta da bilissel davranisci terapinin yaygin kullanimi bir cozum olacak ve ilacin yan etkilerini ortadan kaldiracaktir. Tedavi secenegi ne olursa olsun hem dis hekimleri hem de psikiyatristler multidisipliner bir calisma ortaminda olmali ve bu hastaliklari biyopsikososyal model cercevesinde degerlendirmelidir.
Missing Value Imputation for PM10 Concentration in Sabah using Nearest Neighbour Method (NNM) and Expectation-Maximization (EM) Algorithm

Missing data in large data analysis has affected further analysis conducted on dataset. To fill in missing data, Nearest Neighbour Method (NNM) and Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm are the two most widely used methods. Thus, this research aims to compare both methods by imputing missing data of air quality in five monitoring stations (CA0030, CA0039, CA0042, CA0049, CA0050) in Sabah, Malaysia. PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic size below 10 microns) dataset in the range from 2003–2007 (Part A) and 2008–2012 (Part B) are used in this research. To make performance evaluation possible, missing data is introduced in the datasets at 5 different levels (5%, 10%, 15%, 25% and 40%). The missing data is imputed by using both NNM and EM algorithm. The performance of both data imputation methods is evaluated using performance indicators (RMSE, MAE, IOA, COD) and regression analysis. Based on performance indicators and regression analysis, NNM performs better compared to EM in imputing data for stations CA0039, CA0042 and CA0049. This may be due to air quality data missing at random (MAR). However, this is not the case for CA0050 and part B of CA0030. This may be due to fluctuation that could not be detected by NNM. Accuracy evaluation using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) shows that NNM is more accurate imputation method for most of the cases.
Numerical Investigation of Centrifugal Blood Pump Cavitation Characteristics with Variable Speed

In this paper, the cavitation characteristics of centrifugal blood pumps under variable speeds were studied by using ANSYS-CFX and MATLAB software. The study proposed a multi-scale model of the “centrifugal blood pump—left heart blood circulation”, and analyzed the cavitation characteristics of the centrifugal blood pump. The results showed that the cavitation in the impeller first appeared near the hub at the inlet of the impeller. As the inlet pressure decreased, the cavitation gradually strengthened and the bubbles gradually developed in the outlet of the impeller. The cavitation intensity increased with the increase of impeller speed. The curve of the variable speeds of the centrifugal blood pump in the optimal auxiliary state was obtained, which could effectively improve the aortic pressure and flow. In variable speeds, due to the high aortic flow and pressure during the ejection period, the sharp increases in speeds led to cavitation. The results could provide a guidance for the optimal design of the centrifugal blood pump.
Diverse Divers: Physiology and behavior

This book is not a conventional review of diving physiology. The coverage of the literature has been selective rather than en compassing, the emphasis has been on field studies rather than laboratory investigations, and the dive responses described are often discussed from the perspective of some of the flaws or weaknesses in the conclusions. Some of these points are of more historical interest to note how our concepts have evolved as we learn more about behavior and responses to natural diving in contrast to forced submersions in the laboratory. As a result there is a degree of evaluation of some experiments on my part that may seem obvious or controversial to the specialist. I have followed this planat times in order to aid the reader, who I hope is often an untergraduate or graduate stu dent, the nonspecialist, and the layman, in appreciating to some degree the level of dissatisfaction or skepticism about certain areas of research in diving physiology. In view of historical boundaries in vertebrate biology, the subject is of broad enough importance to catch the interest of a wide audience of readers if I have done my job well. For ex ample, of the major epochal transitions or events there have been in vertebrate history, three come immediately to mind: (1) The transition from aquatic to aerial respiration which ultimately led to a broad occupation of terrestrial habitats. (2) The development of endothermy. "