Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variable kinetics of silicon-limited growth in Thalassiosira pseudonana (Bacillariophyceae) in response to changed chemical composition of the growth medium

The diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana Hasle & Heimdal was grown in batch culture in one artificial sea-water medium and one fresh-water medium over a range of orthosilicic acid concentrations. Growth rates and cellular silicon quotas were measured in the exponential growth phase. The half-saturation constant of silicon-limited growth was about 0·04 μm Si(OH)4 in the marine medium and about 8·6 μm Si(OH)4 in the freshwater medium, the maximum growth rate being about 2·75 d-1 in both media. Possible reasons for the difference in affinity for silicon in salt and fresh water include differences in pH, ion composition, and osmotic pressure. The distribution of T. pseudonana in nature is in agreement with the experimental data, but the investigation shows the importance of a systematic evaluation of the influence of water chemistry on silicon utilization especially in fresh-water plankton. The cellular silicon content was greater in fresh water and did not vary with substrate concentration as in the marine medium.
A Admiração influencia o julgamento sobre o machucar?:

The Social Domain Theory is a contemporary approach of social-cognitive psychology, which investigates the role of specificity of social events in moral development and considers judging about social phenomena might be interpreted according different domains. Based on the assumptions of this theory, the objectives of the research were: to investigate the role of admiration in children’s judgments and the judgment criteria in four situations involving hurting another and comparing judgments about average characters with the ones from the cartoon Frozen. 53 children from 5 to 10 years old participated throughout this research. Individually structured interviews about obligation, changing and universalization of rules and independence from authority were done. The results showed up that the admiration for the cartoon’s characters influenced the judgments in some situations and the participants’ responses to different situations of hurting had conventional concerns, neglecting the concern for others. Finally, it is suggested that others researches should be done to better understand the variable of admiration and the different types of judgments about previous domain events such as “to harm”.
Assessing the indicator properties of zooplankton assemblages to disturbance gradients by canonical correspondence analysis

The indicator properties of zooplankton assemblages in a coastal lagoon were evaluated, by means of canonical correspondence analysis, along environmental gradients of trophic state and marine influence caused by anthropogenic impact. Changes in zooplankton species composition were significant indicators of environmental heterogeneity patterns. Species diversity was insensitive to eutrophication but decreased with increasing marine influence. The rotifer species Brachionus plicatilis and Synchaeta bicornis as well as cirriped nauplii were good indicators of mesohaline conditions. The rotifer species Asplanchna brightwelli, Brachionus angularis, Brachionus falcatus, Filinia terminalis, and Polyarthra remata were good indicators of eutrophic conditions. The other species investigated were good indicators of oligohaline and mesotrophic conditions. The rotifer genus Brachionus proved to be a better indicator organism for these environmental gradients than the entire zooplankton assemblage. Hence, this taxon c.
A smart home system with security and electrical appliances

Abstract As the need for the daily household appliances and home security increases, the application of interaction technologies and electrical appliances used in smart home system has been widely developed. Considering home security, life convenience, and construction cost, a smart home system conjugated with single-chip controlling unit is presented in the paper. The functions of an intelligent home design include daily tasks (cooking, a morning wake-up call) and security mission when residents are not at home. Here, infrared ray sensors used to detect the intruding event are installed onto the entrances (i.e. windows and door). In addition, an IPCAM’s motion detecting function is also adopted for intruding event detecting. Considering the entrance convenience (without key) and safe (key losing) when coming home, a vocal identification system in conjunction with keyboard inputting device (an auxiliary device for the vocal identification system) system is adopted in the second generation of smart home system. In order to facilitate the manipulation of the smart home system, an android-based cell phone connected to the microcontroller is also established. And, to assure the home safety, the second lock (lock #2) will be triggered by the user via the cell phone if the intruding event is confirmed. The user can open the optional window to recheck the reality. Moreover, a ventilation system linked to thermal detectors can be automatically triggered via internet. Consequently, “family activity” can be pretended by the audio broadcast system while the house is vacant.
Movements and Use Patterns of White-Tailed Deer Visiting Natural Licks

Movements to natural mineral licks and frequency of visits were examined for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in southern Indiana from February 1979 to September 1980. Nearly all deer with known home ranges visited licks. Most deer frequented licks situated within or adjacent to their home ranges, but other nearby licks were also used. The longest known trip to a lick outside of home range boundaries was 3.2 km; most trips were
Inhibition of ruminant feed enzyme polysaccharidase activities by extracts from silages

Extracts from 14 barley silages inhibited endo-1, 4-β-xylanase and α-amylase activities of a ruminant feed enzyme additive from Trichoderma longibrachiatum by 23 to 50% but had little effect on cellulase activity. The inhibitory factor(s) were <10 kDa in size and were stable to autoclaving. These observations may explain why feed enzymes are generally less effective when applied to silages than when applied to dry feeds. Key words: Silage, fibrolytic enzymes, Trichoderma, xylanase, inhibitors
GGE biplot analysis of genetic variations of 26 potato genotypes in semi-arid regions of Northwest China

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the yield performance of 26 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes in seven test environments cross the semi-arid potato growing region of Northwest China. The tested potato genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in two growth seasons (2007–08, 2009–10). The graphical tool of GGE (genotype main effect [G] and genotype and environment interaction [GE]) biplot was applied to analyse the multi-environment trials data obtained. The results indicate that the test sites could be grouped into one mega-environment; the best performing and candidate genotypes for the region were identified. Among seven test environments, one test site has the greatest discriminating ability where two sites can be dismissed from future trials due to the similarity of their ability of discrimination and representation to other sites. The results reveal that the GGE biplot is useful in identifying potato genotypes with yield and stability performance in semi-arid regions of Northwest China.
Protein-like Activator for n-Alkane Oxidation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa S7B1

During the study of the n-alkane oxidation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa S7B1, a nondialysable activator for n-alkane oxidation was discovered in the culture broth of the strain. The activator was purified, as judged by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, CM-Sephadex and Sephadex G-75 columns.The purified activator, which was positive in protein color reactions, remarkable stimulated only the oxidation of n-hexadecane, though it was not observed in case of palmitic acid or glucose oxidation.Co-operative action between the activator and rhamnolipid, which had been isolated as a growth stimulant of P. aeruginosa S7B1 on n-hexadecane by the authors, was observed not only in the oxidation of n-hexadecane but also in the growth on n-hexadecane.
Managerial Responses and Customer Engagement in Crowdfunding

Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of customer behavior in crowdfunding performance, empirical research concerning the importance of managerial responses in user-generated content is scarce. How do managerial responses affect backers’ comments? Does user-generated content affect following backers’ behavior? Using a dataset of backers’ comments and creators’ managerial responses from Kickstarter.com, we attempt to clarify the relationships among creator responses to comments, comment volume, linguistic features of comment text and crowdfunding performance. Our results show creator responses have a significant positive effect on customer engagement and crowdfunding performance. Moreover, creator response is an effective advertising strategy to improve crowdfunding performance.
Virulence factors of Vibrio P1, the causative agent of brown ring disease in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum

Several virulence factors involved in the potential pathogenic capacity of Vibrio P1, the causative agent of brown ring disease (BRD) affecting cultured Manila clam adults (Ruditapes philippinarum), have been evaluated in comparison with other strains of several Vibrio species isolated from diseased clams. The importance of bacterial cell surface associated properties as virulence factors has been studied considering both non-specific and specific bacterial adhesion to clams. Vibrio P1 showed moderate hydrophobicity, but high affinity to bind to Congo Red dye and the presence of appendages, characterized as fimbriae or pili. All the strains of Vibrio P1 secreted haemolysis and cytotoxins, and were also strong exotoxin producers. The presence of a large 49.2-MDa plasmid in all the strains of Vibrio P1 may be used as an epidemiological marker, but its involvement in pathogenic mechanisms has not yet been established. Although in some Vibrio strains, iron-acquisition systems play an essential role in their pathogenicity, they do not seem to be an important factor in Vibrio P1, since this pathogen lacks siderophore-mediated iron transport mechanisms.
Characterizing the spatial distribution of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in fragmented forest landscapes

Aim To examine the effects of forest fragmentation on the distribution of the entire wild giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) population, and to propose a modelling approach for monitoring the spatial distribution and habitat of pandas at the landscape scale using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro‐radiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) time‐series data.
Protective Effect of Shenqi Maixintong Capsule against ox-LDL-Induced Injury in RAW264.7 Macrophages

Shenqi Maixintong capsule (SMC), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts various therapeutic effects, including nourishing one’s vitality, improving blood circulation, regulating vital energy, and promoting coronary circulation. Studies have demonstrated that SMC could effectively alleviate atherosclerosis (AS) and delay its development. However, the effect of SMC on lipid metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of SMC on lipid metabolism of RAW264.7 cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Drug-containing serum was prepared by intragastric administration of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats. RAW264.7 cells were transformed into foam cells with 25 mg/L ox-LDL. SMC-treated rat serum increased the survival rate of ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Oil Red staining, total cholesterol, and free cholesterol detection data showed that the intermediated dose of SMC had the best effect on reducing the lipid accumulation, lipid droplets, intracellular cholesterol, and total cholesterol content of RAW264.7 cells. The results of western blotting showed that the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, LXRα, PPARγ, and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) was increased by SMC, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) was reduced, which promoted reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) of RAW264.7 cells and inhibited foam cell formation. Furthermore, SOD and MDA data indicated that SMC could reduce the senescence of RAW264.7 cells. These findings suggest that SMC might prevent ox-LDL-induced damage of macrophages in AS patients by improving cell viability and slowing down lipid accumulation and senescence.
Hairy roots to test for transgenic nematode resistance: think twice

Hairy roots induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes have been proposed as a versatile, easy and reproducible system for testing nematode resistance in crop plants. Here, A. rhizogenes was used to induce transgenic hairy roots on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) containing the LEMMI9 cDNA in sense and/or antisense orientation under control of a nematode responsive promoter. The purpose was to inhibit the expression of this gene that is strongly activated in the nematode-induced feeding sites in order to block their development and, thus, make the plants resistant. Several LEMMI9 transgenic lines produced fewer Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles than the control lines, but a large variation in progeny was also seen among the control lines. Therefore, we recommend that several independent wild-type hairy root lines are generated and tested to obtain a solid control group for evaluating putative resistance constructs.
Service Quality Analysis of Online Travel Agencies (Ota) Using Multiclass Classification

The simplicity provided by Online Travel Agencies (OTA) does not always make customers feel satisfied. Sometimes the customers get some problems with the company services. This finally led customers to give their opinion on social media. Large numbers of data in social media are capable to be an information source for the company to get customer insight. This study aims to determine the quality of OTA services based on customer opinions on social media Twitter. The method used in this study is a multiclass classification with Naive Bayes Classifier model. Furthermore, each opinion is classified into positive and negative sentiment groups. Multiclass classification results show that Traveloka’s service quality is not good enough because six of the seven dimensions of service quality tend to have a negative sentiment. While the quality of Tiket.com and Pegipegi services can be assumed to be quite good because three of the seven dimensions of service quality get the more positive sentiment.
Biomarkers in immunotherapy: literature review and future directions

Within the past decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab have shown superiority over chemotherapy regimens in patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Several predictive molecular biomarkers, including PD-L1 expression and high tumor mutation burden, have shown utility in discovering lung cancer patient groups that would benefit from ICIs. However, there remains to be a reliable imaging biomarker that would clearly select patients, through baseline or restaging imaging, who would respond or have a prolonged response to ICIs. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC and past or current studies in potential biomarkers as well as future directions on the role of imaging in immunotherapy.
Parasite-Host Population Systems and Genetic Stability

Parasite populations (houseflies) were exposed to and isolated with each of six simulated host-plant types with the following six chemicals as toxicants (resistant factors) in the plant types: citric acid, copper sulfate, magnesium nitrate, sodium chloride, ammonium phosphate, and potassium hydroxide. When the fly population was exposed to a single host-toxicant type, the fly evolved rapidly (seven to 10 generations) to overcome the single host toxic ant. However, when the fly population was exposed to all six simulated hogfishes types in one multi cell system, the fly population did not evolve and overcome any of the host-toxic ant types. Relative to the genetic feedback mechanism, coevolution, and stability among parasite and host, the evidence suggests that genetic stability (preventing the parasite from overcoming host resistance) is possible in parasite-host population systems with the appropriate combination of (1) suitable genetic diversity (resistant characters) in the host population, (2) ample gene flow between parasite colonies (if colonies occur in the parasite-host population system), and (3) suitable selection coefficients on the parasite population resulting from its host population
Expectations, disappointments, and individual responses: Imbalances in multilevel flood risk governance revealed by public survey

The recent paradigm shift towards multilevel flood risk governance has raised discussions about the potential of different entities to undertake specific flood risk management (FRM) measures and about the effects of their efforts on other governance levels. Among the key questions being addressed are those related to the balance and possible inverse proportions between governmental efforts and motivation for individual action. In this paper, we use the results of a flood perception survey among individuals in two flood‐prone Czech municipalities to reveal the discrepancies between the expectations of responsibility‐sharing and the actual willingness for individual flood risk reduction. While the results indicate strong expectations of the responsibilities of the governmental bodies for initiating FRM, the respondents also expressed low confidence in completed FRM measures and strong self‐reliance during floods and recovery. Our results partly contradict the crowding‐out thesis, which denotes the negative effects of governmental actions on willingness to undertake individual mitigation measures. Furthermore, the results indicate that differences in the confidence in government‐driven FRM measures between the two study areas are caused by the differential perception of scales of FRM measures and catchment complexity, thus diverging expectations of responsibility‐sharing within a country‐scale FRM institutional setting.
Effects of energy and protein allowances during lay on the reproductive performance of broiler breeder hens

1. Broiler parent stock were fed daily allowances of 1.88, 1.73 or 1.52 MJ apparent metabolisable energy (AME) per bird at two different daily protein intakes (27, 21.3 g crude protein (CP) per bird) or daily protein intakes of 24.6 and 19.4 g CP per bird at a daily energy intake of 1.88 MJ AME per bird from 21 to 64 weeks of age. 2. Body‐weight gain and carcass fat and water content increased and fertility decreased with increasing energy allowance. Maximum egg production occurred at an energy intake of 1.73 MJ AME/bird d. 3. Differences in egg weight and hatchability were related to differences in both energy and protein intake. The highest egg weight occurred at the highest allowance of energy and protein. Hatchability was depressed where the daily allowances of protein and energy were in a ratio of more than 15 g protein: 1 MJ AME. 4. Apart from egg size no significant effects on reproductive performance were observed when dietary protein intake was varied from 27 to 19.5 g/bird d. 5. Requirements of .
Diurnal and seasonal comparisons of assimilation, phyllode conductance and water potential of three Acacia and one Eucalyptus species in the wet-dry tropics of Australia

Four species of tropical tree (Acacia auriculiformis Cunn. ex Benth., A. mangium Willd., A. crassicarpa Cunn. ex Benth. and Eucalyptus pellita F.Muell.) were studied at a site on Melville Island, off the north coast of the Northern Territory of Australia, in the wet–dry tropics. Rates of light-saturated assimilation were measured every 2 months, in the morning and afternoon, concurrently with gs (stomatal conductance) and microclimate (air temperature, relative humidity and photosynthetic photon flux density). Phyllodes were also sampled for subsequent nitrogen determination. Pre-dawn and diurnal phyllode water potentials were measured at the end of the wet and dry seasons. Tree height and canopy area were recorded at the end of 50 months of growth. Assimilation was found to decline substantially in the afternoon compared with the morning in the dry season but not the wet season. This was not due to diurnal declines in phyllode water potential but was attributed partially to decreased gs resulting from increased leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference. However, an interpretation of the Ci/Ca (ratio of intenal to ambient CO2 concentrations) data suggested that additional factors, other than gs, may be involved in causing the afternoon decline in assimilation rate. There was a linear relationship between pre-dawn water potential and Amax (maximum assimilation) and an inverse relationship between Amax and tree height, a result attributed to differences between species in allocation of carbon within the tree.
Does the level of myocardial injury differ in primary angioplasty patients loaded first with clopidogrel and the ones with ticagrelor?

Objective: In daily clinical practice, we encounter ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients loaded with clopidogrel upon admission to primary angioplasty. These patients are loaded with ticagrelor, if there is no contraindication. This study aimed to compare the level of injury between STEMI patients who were first loaded with clopidogrel and the ones first loaded with ticagrelor. Although patients were switched from clopidogrel to ticagrelor at the first hour of angioplasty, antiplatelet action may still be lower than the others. Methods: This study included STEMI patients with angina onset of ≤3 h and who had primary angioplasty to proximal segment of one coronary artery. All patients had total thrombotic occlusion at the proximal segment. Δtroponin level (6th-hour troponin–admission troponin) was calculated to compare the level of myocardial injury. Results: A total of 105 patients were included; 52 were loaded with ticagrelor and 53 with clopidogrel first and switched to ticagrelor. Baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups, except from type B2 lesions being more common in the ticagrelor-loaded group. Δtroponin levels were significantly higher in the clopidogrel-loaded group compared with the ticagrelor-loaded group (p=0.013). Major bleeding and in-hospital MACE rates were similar in both groups. Conclusion: In STEMI patients, the degree of troponin rise was more prominent in clopidogrel-loaded patients, despite the switch to ticagrelor in the first hour of intervention. Clopidogrel is slow and modest, and variable platelet inhibition may continue to be a negative factor for protection from myocardial injury, even after switching to ticagrelor.