Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A fast multi-level space vector PWM method based on sequence cyclic shift

Multi-level technology has good application prospects in high-voltage high-power occasions. Compared to sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), space vector PWM (SVPWM) has many advantages. However, conventional SVPWM will be too complex when level number is larger than five. In this paper, A new multi-level SVPWM method is proposed for cascaded H-bridge converters. This method implements multi-level SVPWM by cyclically shifting the switching-state sequence obtained by two-level SVPWM in one sampling cycle. Therefore the proposed method requires calculating for only once in one sampling cycle by two-level SVPWM algorithm. This method can achieve a DC voltage utilization ratio as high as conventional SVPWM and a lower THD than carrier-phase-shifted sinusoidal PWM. Furthermore, the equivalent switching frequency is also raised. This paper analyzes the principle and the implementation of this sequence-cyclic-shift SVPWM. Simulation and experiment were performed and the results show the validity of the proposed method.
Endodontic management of patients with systemic complications

Successful endodontic practice requires complete knowledge about the various medical conditions and appropriateness in planning treatment as per the need with effective safety measures. This review focuses on a number of systemic complications encountered in endodontic practice and directions to be followed for avoiding potential complications. A detailed PubMed search was carried out using specific keywords, and 25 articles were referred for finalizing the content.
A radiatively pumped CW CO2laser

A proof of principle experiment to demonstrate the physics of a radiatively pumped laser has been carried out. For the first time, a blackbody cavity has optically pumped a CW CO2laser. Results are presented from a series of experiments using mixtures of CO2, He, and Ar in which maximum output power was obtained with a 20 percent CO2- 15 percent He-65 percent AR mixture. The dependence of the output power on the blackbody temperature and the cooling gas flow rate is also discussed. By appropriately varying these parameters, continuous output powers of 8-10 mW have been achieved.
Simulator sickness and presence in a high FOV virtual environment

As part of a process to identify potential simulator sickness issues with our NAVE (Non-expensive Automatic Virtual Environment), a new virtual environment display system developed at Georgia Tech, we have conducted a study to address the experience of simulator sickness and presence under different display and user role configurations. The NAVE has three 8 feet by 6 feet screens. The two side screens are positioned at 120 degree angles to the central screen to give a three-sided display area that is sixteen feet wide and approximately seven feet deep. This allows for two different field of view configurations, a one-screen set-up that provides a 60 degree FOV, and a three-screen set-up that provides a 180 degree FOV. Users are seated in front of the center screen and navigate with a joystick. The virtual environment used in this study could be displayed in the NAVE stereo-visually or in mono, providing us with a second experimental factor, display fidelity. Lastly, we were interested in determining whether or not the user's role in the environment would affect their experience of simulator sickness and presence as suggested by Stanney and Kennedy (1997). This provided us with our third factor user role, with its two levels, driver and passenger.
For toddlers with autism spectrum disorders, supplementing a comprehensive intervention with interpersonal synchrony improves socially engaged imitation

### Question What is the effect of supplementing a comprehensive intervention with a curriculum targeting socially synchronous behaviour on social outcomes in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)? ### Patients 50 children aged 21–33 months who met Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule criteria for ASD or autism and had received a diagnosis from a clinical specialist. Children were required to have a non-verbal mental age of 8 months, no siblings with ASD and to have no known aetiology for ASD. ### Setting One research institute (Kennedy Krieger Institute Center for Autism and Related Disorders), USA; time period not stated. ### Intervention Interpersonal synchrony (IS) versus non-interpersonal synchrony (Non-IS) for 6 months. Both conditions used the Assessment, Evaluation and Programming System for Infants and Children. Non-IS involved 10 h/week in a classroom (5:3 student-to-interventionist ratio) with instructional strategies representing a continuum of adult-imposed structure including discrete trial teaching, pivotal response training and routines-based interaction. Low-tech augmentative communication systems, visual cues and visually based organisational strategies were also used. …
Toward hardware support for a flexible sketch-based network traffic monitoring system

Sketch-based data streaming algorithms are capable of summarizing high-speed network traffic in real-time without packet sampling. Therefore, they are used in many networking applications to make accurate estimates of traffic flow statistics. However, fixed hardware implementation of the sketch counters limits the flexibility of re-using the same data structure for various monitoring applications. In this paper, we propose a generic scheme for collecting flow-level data using high-speed memories on the NetFPGA-10G platform. The purpose is to enable sketch-based algorithms making statistics measurements in various network monitoring applications in a flexible manner. Experiments using real Internet traces are conducted for entropy estimation, superspreader detection, and change detection applications. The results show that the proposed scheme can support flexible selection of keys and counters for the monitoring applications achieving high measurement accuracy.
Effective Path Summary Visualization on Attributed Graphs

When a new dataset is modeled as an attributed graph or users are not familiar with the data, users may not know what can be retrieved from the attributed graph. Sometimes, users may have some intuition about the query, but how to exactly formulate queries (e.g. what attribute constraints to use) is still unclear to users. In this paper, we propose the idea of attributed path summary. In general, attributed path summary is a grouping of vertices such that vertices in each group contain paths from source to destination and the entropy of attributed values within a group is low and biased toward the intuition (i.e. preferred attribute values) given by users. We propose a novel 3-phrase approach which stitches key vertices together to form candidate paths and inflates those candidate paths into path summary. An extensive case study and experimental evaluation using the real Facebook graph that visualizes the path summary demonstrates the usefulness of our proposed attributed path summary as well as the superiority of our proposed techniques.
Factors related to length of complete remission in adult acute leukemia

Two hundred and two adult patients with acute leukemia were analyzed to determine pretreatment and treatment factors that could predict for duration of bone marrow remission. Several factors had a significant effect on remission duration, including morphologic diagnosis (AML > ALL > AUL), initial blast cell count, age, serum LDH, fibrinogen level, labeling index, and in vitro agar colony growth. Patients who attained a remission quickly or in whom leukemic cells in blood and bone marrow were rapidly cleared had long remissions. After applying regression model fitting methods, the six major factors, in order of significance, were the initial serum LDH level, pretreatment fibrinogen level, the number of courses of treatment to obtain a remission, morphologic diagnosis, the halving rate of leukemic cells in the blood, and the age of the patient. The model derived from this study was applied to the 202 patients and suggested that patients likely to have short or long bone marrow remission can be identified.
Potassium channelopathy-like defect underlies early-stage cerebrovascular dysfunction in a genetic model of small vessel disease

Significance Small vessel disease (SVD) of the brain refers to a group of pathological processes leading to cerebral lesions, cognitive decline, and stroke. Despite the importance of SVD, there is no specific treatment, mainly due to a limited understanding of the disease pathogenesis. Using a recently developed mouse model of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, a hereditary form of SVD, we determined the basis of altered brain artery function at an early stage of disease progression. We found that cerebrospecific up-regulation of the voltage-gated potassium channel, KV1, prevents intracerebral arterioles from constricting in response to physiological levels of intraluminal pressure. This impairment of a fundamental vascular function is expected to impact cerebral blood flow autoregulation and local dilation in response to neuronal activity (functional hyperemia). Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), caused by dominant mutations in the NOTCH3 receptor in vascular smooth muscle, is a genetic paradigm of small vessel disease (SVD) of the brain. Recent studies using transgenic (Tg)Notch3R169C mice, a genetic model of CADASIL, revealed functional defects in cerebral (pial) arteries on the surface of the brain at an early stage of disease progression. Here, using parenchymal arterioles (PAs) from within the brain, we determined the molecular mechanism underlying the early functional deficits associated with this Notch3 mutation. At physiological pressure (40 mmHg), smooth muscle membrane potential depolarization and constriction to pressure (myogenic tone) were blunted in PAs from TgNotch3R169C mice. This effect was associated with an ∼60% increase in the number of voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels, which oppose pressure-induced depolarization. Inhibition of KV1 channels with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) or treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor agonist heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), which promotes KV1 channel endocytosis, reduced KV current density and restored myogenic responses in PAs from TgNotch3R169C mice, whereas pharmacological inhibition of other major vasodilatory influences had no effect. KV1 currents and myogenic responses were similarly altered in pial arteries from TgNotch3R169C mice, but not in mesenteric arteries. Interestingly, HB-EGF had no effect on mesenteric arteries, suggesting a possible mechanistic basis for the exclusive cerebrovascular manifestation of CADASIL. Collectively, our results indicate that increasing the number of KV1 channels in cerebral smooth muscle produces a mutant vascular phenotype akin to a channelopathy in a genetic model of SVD.
Bariatric surgery – a dermatologic perspective

Bariatric surgery has become a standard option in morbid obesity for patients not responding to conventional treatment. A major and stable weight loss can be achieved. Since obesity and weight loss may affect skin diseases, we performed this review to analyse the impact of bariatric surgery on a number of skin diseases. We categorized the skin diseases into three main groups: (i) diseases with a possible benefit from bariatric surgery, (ii) diseases that may develop after bariatric surgery and (iii) diseases that may persist. We hope that dermatologists will achieve an updated knowledge of benefits and possible hazards of this type of surgically induced weight loss.
Expression and analysis of the complement resistant trait Iss, from E. coli strain χ1378 isolated from poultry colibacillosis in Iran

Summary Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is responsible for economic losses in all poultry farms. Certain virulence factors have been proposed as a means of controlling APEC infections, including some proteins to be used for vaccination. In the study we report here, one of the major virulence factors, the iss (increased serum survival) gene, from E. coli strain χ1378, isolated from poultry colibacillosis in Iran, was cloned to construct a prokaryotic expression vector, in order to analyse the Iss protein. The iss gene was successfully cloned into the pGEX-3X vector. The construct was transformed into E. coli BL21 to express the Iss protein under induction. The Iss protein was expressed as a glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein. GST::Iss protein was sequenced by MS/MS MALDI-TOF techniques to confirm its amino acid sequence. BLAST analysis of the Iss protein showed high similarity with previously submitted sequences. Overall, it seems that the Iss protein from strain χ1378 could be used as a good antigen to vaccinate against poultry colibacillosis. GST::Iss protein is currently being used as recombinant protein in SPF chicken models with the goal of evaluating the immune response for APEC control. In conclusion, we constructed a prokaryotic expression vector of the iss gene, and express and sequence the Iss protein from E. coli strain χ1378 isolated from systemic colibacillosis.
Endurance exercise beneficially affects ambulatory blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Exercise is widely recommended as one of the key preventive lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of hypertension and to manage high blood pressure (BP), but individual studies investigating the effect of exercise on ambulatory BP have remained inconclusive. Therefore, the primary purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effect of aerobic endurance training on daytime and night-time BP in healthy adults. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Controlled Clinical trial registry from their inception to May 2012. Randomized controlled trials of at least 4 weeks investigating the effects of aerobic endurance training on ambulatory BP in healthy adults were included. Inverse weighted random effects models were used for analyses, with data reported as weighted means and 95% confidence limits. We included 15 randomized controlled trials, involving 17 study groups and 633 participants (394 exercise participants and 239 control participants). Overall, endurance training induced a significant reduction in daytime SBP [−3.2 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI), −5.0 to−1.3] and daytime DBP (−2.7 mmHg, 95% CI, −3.9 to −1.5). No effect was observed on night-time BP. The findings from this meta-analysis suggest that aerobic endurance exercise significantly decreases daytime, but not night-time, ambulatory BP.
Molecular Epidemiology of Brucella abortus Isolates from Cattle, Elk, and Bison in the United States, 1998 to 2011

ABSTRACT A variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) protocol targeting 10 loci in the Brucella abortus genome was used to assess genetic diversity among 366 field isolates recovered from cattle, bison, and elk in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) and Texas during 1998 to 2011. Minimum spanning tree (MST) and unweighted-pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analyses of VNTR data identified 237 different VNTR types, among which 14 prominent clusters of isolates could be identified. Cattle isolates from Texas segregated into three clusters: one comprised of field isolates from 1998 to 2005, one comprised of vaccination-associated infections, and one associated with an outbreak in Starr County in January 2011. An isolate obtained from a feral sow trapped on property adjacent to the Starr County herd in May 2011 clustered with the cattle isolates, suggesting a role for feral swine as B. abortus reservoirs in Starr County. Isolates from a 2005 cattle outbreak in Wyoming displayed VNTR-10 profiles matching those of strains recovered from Wyoming and Idaho elk. Additionally, isolates associated with cattle outbreaks in Idaho in 2002, Montana in 2008 and 2011, and Wyoming in 2010 primarily clustered with isolates recovered from GYA elk. This study indicates that elk play a predominant role in the transmission of B. abortus to cattle located in the GYA.
The influence of angiotensin converting enzyme mutations on the kinetics and dynamics of N‐domain selective inhibition

Angiotensin‐1‐converting enzyme (ACE) is a zinc metalloprotease that plays a major role in blood pressure regulation via the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. ACE consists of two domains with differences in inhibitor binding affinities despite their 90% active site identity. While the C‐domain primarily controls blood pressure, the N‐domain is selective for cleavage of the antifibrotic N‐acetyl‐Ser–Asp–Lys–Pro. Inhibitors, such as 33RE, that selectively bind to the N‐domain thus show potential for treating fibrosis without affecting blood pressure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of this selectivity. ACE inhibition by 33RE was characterized using a continuous kinetic assay with fluorogenic substrate. The N‐domain displayed nanomolar (Ki = 11.21 ± 0.74 nm) and the C‐domain micromolar (Ki = 11 278 ± 410 nm) inhibition, thus 1000‐fold selectivity. Residues predicted to contribute to selectivity based on the N‐domain‐33RE co‐crystal structure were subsequently mutated to their C‐domain counterparts. S2 subsite mutation with resulting loss of a hydrogen bond drastically decreased the affinity (Ki = 2 794 ± 156 nm), yet did not entirely account for selectivity. Additional substitution of all unique S2′ residues, however, completely abolished selectivity (Ki = 10 009 ± 157 nm). Interestingly, these residues do not directly bind 33RE. All mutants were therefore subjected to molecular dynamics simulations in the presence and absence of 33RE. Trajectory analyses highlighted the importance of these S2′ residues in formation of a favourable interface between the ACE subdomains and thus a closed, ligand‐bound complex. This study provides a molecular basis for the intersubsite synergism governing 33RE's 1000‐fold N‐selectivity and aids the future design of novel inhibitors for fibrosis treatment.
A novel capacitive micromachined transducer for micro-pressure measurement

A novel capacitive micromachined transducer is dementrated for micro-pressure measurement. This transducer employs two deflectable diaphragms (the top and middle diaphragms) suspended over a fixed bottom electrode. The two deflectable diaphragms form a mechanical amplifier when a DC bias voltage is applied across them. A change in the deflection of the top diaphragm under the applied pressure is coupled into an amplified deflection change of the middle diaphragm, resulting in a significant resonant frequency shift. Therefore, the transducer can achieve improved pressure sensitivity. The finite element method (FEM) model was established to study the performance. The results show that the pressure sensitivity reaches up to -2.54 ppm/Pa (7.46Hz/Pa) under the bias voltage Ubias equal to 95% of the pull-in voltage of the transducer. The nonlinearity error is as low as 1×10-4%. A study on the effect of the bias voltage on pressure sensitivity shows the pressure sensitivity increases with the bias voltage. Additionally, as the middle diaphragm is set in vacuum, the air damping effects can be eliminated, thus the transducer performance will be further enhanced.
Hemophagocytosis exacerbated by G‐CSF/GM‐CSF treatment in a patient with myelodysplasia

We describe a 75‐year‐old man with neutropenia in whom bone marrow aspirate and biopsy demonstrated hemophagocytosis associated with myelodysplasia (MDS). Therapy with granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and granulocyte‐monocyte‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) caused splenomegaly and severe thrombocytopenia, which recurred upon rechallenge. We propose that myeloid growth factors may be detrimental in patients with MDS‐associated hemophagocytosis. Am. J. Hematol. 77:391–396, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wayfinding in familiar and unfamiliar environments in a case of progressive topographical agnosia

A 71-year-old right-handed man (F.G.) presents with prosopagnosia and with an inability to recognize famous and familiar buildings. Despite his deficit, F.G. obtained normal scores on neuropsychological tests of executive functions, language, praxis and primary visuoperceptual skills. Brain MRI showed atrophy predominantly in the right temporal lobe, particularly in the fusiform gyrus and the parahippocampal cortex. The present study investigated F.G. ’s ability to orient himself in familiar and new environments. His wayfinding abilities in a familiar environment (i.e., his hometown) were preserved despite an inability to recognize familiar and famous buildings, monuments and landmarks in this environment. Wayfinding was achieved through a heavy reliance on written indications (e.g., names of restaurants and streets), preservation of a pre-existing cognitive map of this familiar environment, and normal executive functions necessary to plan the execution of a given trajectory. In an unfamiliar environment, F.G. ’s topographical agnosia resulted in severe wayfinding difficulties and in the inability to build an adequate cognitive spatial representation. F.G. ’s topographical agnosia results from a high-level visuoperceptual deficit, characterized by an inability to access a global configuration of complex visual stimuli such as familiar and famous monuments, and an over-reliance on the processing of local features.
The use of proofs-as-programs to build an analogy-based functional program editor

An elongated rod-like handle member has a pair of opposite first and second ends. A sleeve-like member is affixed to the first end of the handle member in perpendicular relation thereto. A disposable bag is removably accommodated in the sleeve-like member and maintained thereby in open condition. The bag has an open mouth with an edge and a rigid plate-like collar projecting outward from the edge. An elongated rod-like shovel handle has a pair of first and second ends with a clamping member affixed to the first end thereof. A disposable shovel member is releasably clamped by the clamping member for shoveling animal droppings into the bag.
NOVEL POXVIRUS INFECTION IN NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN SEA OTTERS (ENHYDRA LUTRIS KENYONI AND ENHYDRA LUTRIS NEIRIS), ALASKA AND CALIFORNIA, USA

Abstract Small superficially ulcerated skin lesions were observed between October 2009 and September 2011 during captive care of two orphaned sea otter pups: one northern (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in Alaska and one southern (Enhydra lutris nereis) in California. Inclusions consistent with poxviral infection were diagnosed by histopathology in both cases. Virions consistent with poxvirus virions were seen on electron microscopy in the northern sea otter, and the virus was successfully propagated in cell culture. DNA extraction, pan-chordopoxviral PCR amplification, and sequencing of the DNA-dependent DNA polymerase gene revealed that both cases were caused by a novel AT-rich poxvirus. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses found that the virus is divergent from other known poxviruses at a level consistent with a novel genus. These cases were self-limiting and did not appear to be associated with systemic illness. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a poxvirus in a mustelid species. The source of this virus, mode of transmission, zoonotic potential, and biological significance are undetermined.