Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TWO TYPES OF PARAMETERIZATION OF MASS DENSITY DISTRIBUTION DURING IMMUNE OPTIMIZATION OF THE 3D STRUCTURE

The paper is devoted to an application of the immune algorithm and the finite element method for generation of 3D structures using two different types of parameteriza- tion and comparing the final results. The shape, topology and material of the structure are generated for optimization criterion like minimum of the mass of the structure. Two differ- ent interpolation functions like: multinomial interpolation and interpolation based on the neighbourhood of elements are used. The purpose of these procedures is appropriate selec- tion of mass densities.
Adoption, Benefits and Challenges of Strategic Management Accounting Practices: Evidence from emerging market

Strategic Management Accounting (SMA) techniques were developed to provide information appropriate for decision making in changing internal and external environments. However, studies in the developed countries demonstrated that firms were slow to adopt such techniques. This study aims to identify the types of management accounting practices currently adopted by Malaysian companies. Subsequently, this study is interested to identify benefits received from the current management accounting practices and challenges in implementing SMA techniques. Based on 118 responses received, the findings revealed that 55.1% of the sample companies adopted ten out of forty five management accounting techniques. This percentage indicates that the adoption rates for management accounting practices by Malaysian companies were relatively lower than other countries. Analysis of the findings also showed that the top five management accounting techniques used were related to traditional management accounting techniques. Those techniques were budgeting, breakeven analysis, variance analysis and cash flow. However, some companies started to adopt SMA techniques such as product profitability analysis, activity based costing, balanced scorecard and benchmarking practices. The top reasons why respondents still use traditional management accounting techniques include top management does not fully understand why it is required to implement SMA practices, ASIA PACIFIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING JOURNAL, vOLUME 8 ISSUE 2
Hydrogen bubble nucleation by self-clustering: density functional theory and statistical model studies using tungsten as a model system

Low-energy, high-flux hydrogen irradiation is known to induce bubble formation in tungsten, but its atomistic mechanisms remain little understood. Using first-principles calculations and statistical models, we studied the self-clustering behaviour of hydrogen in tungsten. Unlike previous speculations that the hydrogen self-clusters are energetically unstable owing to the general repulsion between two hydrogen atoms, we found that 2D platelet-like hydrogen self-clusters could form at high hydrogen concentrations. The attractive binding energy of the hydrogen self-cluster becomes larger as the cluster size increases and plateaus at 0.38 eV/H around size of 40. We found that hydrogen atoms would form 2D platelet-like structures along planes. These hydrogen self-clustering behaviours can be quantitatively understood by the competition between long-ranged elastic attraction and local electronic repulsion among hydrogens. Further analysis showed hydrogen self-clusters to be kinetically feasible and thermodynamically stable above a critical hydrogen concentration. Based on this critical hydrogen concentration, we predicted the hydrogen irradiation condition required for the formation of hydrogen self-clusters. Our predictions showed excellent agreement with the experimental results of hydrogen bubble formation in tungsten exposed to low-energy hydrogen irradiation. Finally, we proposed a possible mechanism for the hydrogen bubble nucleation via hydrogen self-clustering. This work provides mechanistic insights and quantitative models towards understanding of plasma-induced hydrogen bubble formation in plasma-facing tungsten.
Effects of Non-ionic Surfactants on Enzyme Distributions of Rumen Contents, Anaerobic Growth of Rumen Microbes, Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Performances of Lactating Cows

A series of experiments was carried out to determine the possibility for the non-ionic surfactant (NIS) as a feed additive for ruminant animals. The effect of the NIS on c the enzyme distribution in the rumen fluids of Hereford bulls, 2 the growth of pure culture of rumen bacteria and e rumen anaerobic fungi, f the ruminal fermentation characteristics of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), and g the performances of Holstein dairy cows were investigated. When NIS was added to rumen fluid at the level of 0.05 and 0.1% (v/v), the total and specific activities of cell-free enzymes were significantly (p<0.01) increased, but those of cell-bound enzymes were slightly decreased, but not statistically significant. The growth rates of ruminal noncellulolytic species (Ruminobacter amylophilus, Megasphaera elsdenii, Prevotella ruminicola and Selenomonas ruminantium) were significantly (p<0.01) increased by the addition of NIS at both concentrations tested. However, the growth rate of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria (Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens) were slightly increased or not affected by the NIS. In general, NIS appears to effect Gram-negative bacteria more than Gram-positive bacteria; and non-cellulolytic bacteria more than cellulolytic bacteria. The growth rates of ruminal monocentric fungi (Neocallimastix patriciarum and Piromyces communis) and polycentric fungi (Orpinomyces joyonii and Anaeromyces mucronatus) were also significantly (p<0.01) increased by the addition of NIS at all concentrations tested. When NIS was administrated to the rumen of Hanwoo, Total VFA and ammonia-N concentrations, the microbial cell growth rate, CMCase and xylanase activities in the rumen increased with statistical difference (p<0.01), but NIS administration did not affect at the time of 0 and 9 h post-feeding. Addition of NIS to TMR resulted in increased TMR intake and increased milk production by Holstein cows and decreased body condition scores. The NEFA and corticoid concentrations in the blood were lowered by the addition of NIS. These results indicated that the addition of NIS may greatly stimulate the release of some kinds of enzymes from microbial cells, and stimulate the growth rates of a range of anaerobic ruminal microorganisms, and also stimulate the rumen fermentation characteristics and animal performances. Our data indicates potential uses of the NIS as a feed additive for ruminant animals. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol. 16, No. 1 : 104-115)
Using movement behaviour to define biological seasons for woodland caribou

Terrestrial mammals are strongly influenced by seasonal changes in environmental conditions. Studies of animal space use behaviour are therefore inherently seasonal in nature. We propose an individual-based quantitative method for identifying seasonal shifts in caribou movement behaviour and we demonstrate its use in determining the onset of the winter, spring dispersal, and calving seasons. Using pooled data for the population we demonstrate an alternate approach using polynomial regression with mixed effects. We then compare individual onset dates with population-based estimates and those adopted by expert consensus for our study area. Distributions of individual-based onset dates were normally distributed with prominent modes; however, there was considerable variation in individual onset times. Population-based estimates were closer to the peaks of individual estimates than were expert-based estimates, which fell outside the onetailed 90% and 95% sample quantiles of individually-fitted distributions for spring and winter, respectively. Both expertand population-based estimates were later for winter and earlier for both spring and calving than were individual-based estimates. We discuss the potential consequences of neglecting to corroborate conventionally used dates with observed seasonal trends in movement behaviour. In closing, we recommend researchers adopt an individual-based quantitative approach and a variable temporal window for data set extraction.
Maize penology as affected by tillage practices and nitrogen sources

Crop stand and phenology are important parameters that that effect crop growth and development. Conventional tillage and commercial fertilizer are the two main sources for improving maize productivity. Presently the environmental pollution as a result of higher inorganic fertilization and intensive tillage practices has become a burning issue in the field of agriculture. Hence -, in order to evaluate the impact of tillage practices and nitrogen sources on various phenological characters of maize crop, field experiments were conducted at New Developmental Farm of KPK Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan in 2010 in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications. The experiment comprised of 10 fertilizer treatments i.e. control, nitrogen alone (N), farm yard manure alone (FYM), poultry manure alone (PM), 75% N (mineral) + 25% FYM, 50% N (mineral) + 50% FYM, 25% N (mineral) + 75% FYM, 75% N + 25% PM, 50% N (mineral) + 50% PM and 25% N (mineral) + 75% PM) and three tillage practices viz, reduced tillage (RT), conventional tillage (CT) and deep tillage (DT). Tillage practices were allotted to the main plots whereas nitrogen treatments were kept in the sub plots. Among the tillage treatments, the DT plots resulted in an earlier emergence compared to either CT or RT. Both the DT and CT treatments improved the plant height and emergence m -2 of maize as compared to RT. Likewise among the N sources, the sole mineral N application at 150 kg ha -1 triggered a delay in silking, tasseling and physiological maturity of the maize crop.
Integrated Positioning Algorithms for Transport Telematics Applications

A range of transport telematics applications and services require continuous and accurate positioning information of the vehicles traveling on the road network. Two types of information are essential for such telematics applications and services. These are the determination of the vehicle position and the determination of the physical location of the vehicle on the road network. The most common devices used for vehicle positioning are based on GPS, Dead-Reckoning (DR) sensors, Map Matching (MM) and microwave beacons. The use of these devices either in isolation or combination depends on the Required Navigation Performance (RNP) parameter specifications (accuracy, integrity, continuity and availability). Furthermore, the capability to identify the physical location of a vehicle is a key requirement in transport telematics applications. In order to achieve the RNP, system and sensor complementarity, such as in the case of the integration of GPS, DR and digital map data could be used to enhance geometric positioning capability. MM not only enables the physical location of the vehicle to be identified but also improves the positioning capability if a good digital map is available. A key factor in the integration of different devices is the knowledge of the various failure modes (including error sources). This paper develops two integrated positioning algorithms for transport telematics applications and services. The first is an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm for the integration of GPS and low cost DR sensors to provide continuous positioning in built-up areas. The second takes this further by integrating the GPS/DR output with map data in a novel a map-matching process to both identify the physical location of a vehicle on the road network and improve positioning capability. The proposed MM algorithm is validated using a higher accuracy reference (truth) of the vehicle trajectory as determined by high precision positioning achieved by the carrier phase observable from GPS. The results demonstrate a 90% coverage in a typical built-up environment over a 4-hour duration for a stand-alone GPS employing a single frequency high sensitivity receiver/antenna assembly. The integrated GPS/DR approach employing the EKF gives 100% coverage at an accuracy level better than 30m (2o). The MM validation results show that 100% link identification is achieved with the proposed MM algorithm, with a maximum horizontal positioning error of 6m. The results also demonstrate the importance of the quality of the digital map data to the map matching process.
Screening for hazardous alcohol use and dependence in psychiatric in-patients using the AUDIT questionnaire

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has been used to screen for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption among general hospital populations but not in psychiatric patients. Using the AUDIT, we assessed alcohol use in patients with four major types of psychiatric disorder, namely mood, adjustment, anxiety and psychotic disorders. Nine hundred and ninety consecutive admissions to the psychiatric units of two hospitals during a 12-month period underwent assessment. In each diagnostic group a high proportion of patients was alcohol-dependent. Among those with mood disorders 25.4% of men were alcohol-dependent, compared with 16.3% of women, while 34.5% of men with anxiety disorder were alcohol-dependent compared with 25.0% of women. Both gender differences were statistically significant. The differences were even greater for adjustment disorder (44.4% vs. 14.5%) and psychosis (29.2% and 4.2%, respectively). More men than women with anxiety disorder were classified as hazardous (24.1% vs. 11.7%) or harmful drinkers (13.8% vs. 3.3%), but for the other diagnostic groupings the percentages in these drinking categories were more nearly similar. Thus, there is a high rate of excessive alcohol consumption in people with psychiatric disorders, especially males. Such individuals may be particularly vulnerable to complications of alcohol misuse such as suicide and exacerbation of their disorder. The potential for decreased severity of psychiatric symptoms and a reduction in the number of hospital admissions following cessation or reduction in alcohol consumption is considerable. The AUDIT is a simple screening device for investigating alcohol use and dependence, and offers a means of initiating intervention in this population.
The Effect of Advertising and In-Store Promotion on the Demand for Chocolate

This paper analyzes the effect of TV advertising and in-store displays on the sales of chocolates. I examine which method is more effective in gaining customers and in increasing total sales. Also, I look at the evidence to see whether the lack of advertising by a firm will hurt the industry as a whole. In this paper, I use a nested logit model on scanner data obtained by the Zwick Center for Food and Resource Policy at the University of Connecticut to examine the effect of TV advertising on chocolate sales. The results show that in-store displays and advertising both help increase the demand for chocolate.
Some Aerospace Engineering Applications of Reliability Growth: A Review

Reliability growth analysis is a tool for trending and monitoring component and system reliability during design, development, and fielded operations. It is robust with mixed failure modes and changing reliability levels and can predict future failures with reasonable accuracy. Several reliability growth case studies from aerospace engineering applications are presented as an overview to illustrate its utility for development, inservice, and management trending and risk assessment.
Influences on achievement in literacy and numeracy

This report examines the influence of a range of factors on the literacy and numeracy achievement levels of Year 9 students in Australia. The data are from the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth (LSAY), which studies the progress of cohorts of young Australians as they make the transition from school to work and further education and training, beginning in Year 9. Previous reports from LSAY have shown that strong skills in literacy and numeracy assist young people in making successful transitions from school. This report examines what factors influence levels of achievement in literacy and numeracy in Year 9, by examining data on students and schools.
Removal of Basic Dye From Aqueous Solution By Adsorption On Melon Husk In Binary And Ternary Systems

The adsorption behaviour of a cationic dye (methylene blue) in binary and ternary solutions on the husk of melon ( Citrullus lanatus ) seed was investigated in order to elucidate the effects of competitive adsorption on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the sorption process. The experimental findings showed that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 120 min either in single, binary or ternary mixtures; and the adsorption processes in all the systems studied were described by the pseudo-second order kinetics with the initial rate constant increasing as the concentrations of the competing dyes were increased. Five different equilibrium isotherm models ( Freundlich, Temkin, Langmuir, Harkin-Jura and Dubinin-Radushkevich) were applied and Langmuir was the best-fitting one for the adsorption of methylene blue dye in single system (R 2 > 0.99), while the binary and ternary systems were best described by Freundlich model (R 2 > 0.99). The sorption processes were thermodynamically feasible as ? G values were negative. Adsorption in both single and binary systems was exothermic while that of ternary system was endothermic. Keywords: melon husk, binary dye system, ternary dye system, methylene blue, Competitive adsorption, isotherms, thermodynamics, basic dye
Spatial Labor Markets and Technology Spillovers - Analysis from the US Midwest

In this paper we examine the relation between geographic location and innovative behavior. Knowledge spillins, as opposed to knowledge spillovers, are modeled as an externality which exists between geographically close economic agents and enters the representative inventor production function explicitly from neighboring regions. To proxy new innovative behavior and new knowledge generated we use counts of patent filings per county. The proposed geographic spillin is tested for the US Midwestern States of Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and North Dakota using a newly constructed data set and implementing spatial statistical methods. The data set is comprised of primary inventor utility patent filings per county for the years 1975-2000. The results do indeed suggest spatial interaction does occur and innovative activity in surrounding counties is an important factor in explaining new innovative behavior. Further analysis also reveals lagged patenting behavior within the county also has a significant impact on patenting activity suggesting innovative externalities exist over both space and time.
Collision Tumor of the Ovary. Adjunction Cystic Teratoma and Serous Cystic Adenofi broma. Presentation of a Rare Case

Ovarian cystic teratomas consist of germ cell tumors. They appear in female patients aged 20-40 years, comprising 15% of all ovarian neoplasms. These tumors appear in 90% of cases unilateral. Benign serous cyst-adenofi bromas represent the most common ovarian epithelial tumor, with an incidence of 42%, accounting 83% of serous ovarian tumors. The mean diameter estimates among 5 and 35 cm, with a bilateral incidence of 35%.
Institutional Theory and Entrepreneurship: Where Are We Now and Where Do We Need to Move in the Future?

Institutional theory is an increasingly utilized theoretical lens for entrepreneurship research. However, while institutional theory has proven highly useful, its use has reached a point that there is a need to establish a clearer understanding of its wide–ranging application to entrepreneurship research. Therefore, we will initially review the existing entrepreneurship literature that employs institutional theory to both understand the current status of the field, its current shortcomings, and where we need to move in the future. We then summarize and discuss the articles in this special issue and how they contribute to this process of advancing institutional theory and its application in entrepreneurship research.
Analysis of Wavelet Compression and Seam Carving Using the Hausdorf Distance

In this paper image quality of two types of compression methods, wavelet based and seam carving based are investigated. A metric is introduced to compare the image quality under wavelet and seam carving schemes. Meyer, Coiflet 2 and Jpeg2000 wavelet based methods are used as the wavelet based methods. Hausdorf distance based metric (HDM) is proposed and used for the comparison of the two compression methods instead of model based matching techniques and correspondence-based matching techniques, because there is no pairing of points in the two sets being compared. In addition entropy based metric (EM) or peak signal to noise ration based metric (PSNRM) cannot be used to compare the two schemes as the seam carving tends to deform the objects. The wavelet compressed images with different compression percentages were analyzed with HDM and EM and it was observed that HDM follows the EM/PSNRM for wavelet based compression methods. Then HDM is used to compare the wavelet and seam carved images for different compression percentages. The initial results showed that HDM is better metric for comparing wavelet based and seam carved images.
Growth-promoting activity of tryptic digest of caseinomacropeptide for Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis

Resume Stimulation de la croissance de Laetococeus laetis subsp laetis par l'hydrolysat trypsique du caseinomacropeptide. L'hydrolysat trypsique du caseinomacropeptide (fraction Cterminale de la caseine K) a ete separe en 2 fractions par ultrafiltration sur membrane ayant un seuil de coupure de 3 000 Da. Ces 2 fractions stimulent fortement la croissance de Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis CNRZ 1076 en milieu lait ecreme selon un effet dont l'intensite depend de la dose utilisee. Le taux de croissance cellulaire est multiplie par deux par rapport a celui observe sur le lait temoin.
Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is an oriental medicinal plant distributed in eastern Asia. It is used as an aphrodisiac, sexual rejuvenator, panacea for longevity and to treat headache, fatigue, diabetes, dizziness, nausea, asthma, Alzheimer’s disease, hemorrhage and impotence. Phytochemical investigation of a methanolic extract of the roots of P. ginseng resulted in the isolation of new chemical constituents characterized as cis-,cis-n-tetratriacont-20,23-dienoic acid (1), (E,E)-5α-hydroxylabda-1,6-dien-20-oic acid 12β-olyl-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (2), stigmast-5-en-3β,4α,12β, 21-tetraol-21-octadec-9′,12′-dienoate (3) and lanost-24-en-3β-ol-3-O-β-D-arabinopyranosyl-(2′→1′′)-O-β-D-arabinoside (5) along with a known steroidal constituent characterized as β-sitosterol 3-β-D-glucopyranoside (4). The structures of all the isolated phytoconstituents have been established on the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions.
Efficient computations of genomic relationship matrix and other matrices used in the single-step evaluation

Genomic evaluations are currently performed using multiple step procedures (Hayes et al. (2009); VanRaden et al. (2009)). A typical evaluation requires 1) traditional evaluation with an animal model, 2) extraction of pseudo-observations such as deregressed evaluations, 3) estimation of genomic effects for genotyped animals, and possibly 4) combining the genomic index with traditional parent averages and breeding values (Hayes et al. (2009); VanRaden et al. (2009)). Genomic effects also can be estimated with a simple model that includes a genomic relationship matrix derived from genotypes and variances of the SNP marker effects (Nejati-Javaremi et al. (1997); VanRaden (2007)).