Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Considerations for a Targeted Self-management Program for Individuals with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Evidence points to the need for increased self-management support efforts to reduce secondary complications in spinal cord injury (SCI). The overall objective of this thesis was to understand the phenomenon of self-management in individuals with traumatic SCI, and then based on this understanding; determine the implementation considerations for a targeted selfmanagement program. This thesis used a mixed methods approach with an exploratory design. Twenty-six interviews across three stakeholder groups were conducted in Phase I. In the first paper (qualitative), the following five facilitators to self-management were identified: physical support from the caregiver, emotional support from the caregiver, peer support and feedback, importance of positive outlook and acceptance, and maintaining independence. The following five barriers to self-management were identified: caregiver burnout, funding and funding policies, lack of accessibility, physical limitations and secondary complications, and difficulties achieving positive outlook or mood. In the second paper (qualitative), the meaning of selfmanagement among the SCI and caregiver participants related principally to internal
Free maternal care and removal of user fees at primary-level facilities in Kenya. Monitoring the implementation and impact: Baseline report.

In June 2013 President Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya announced policies to remove user fees in dispensaries and health centers and to provide free maternal health services in all public health facilities. This report presents the findings of a study conducted in Kenya to establish baseline measures for evaluating the impact of these policies. The Kenya Ministry of Health with support from HPP identified the need to monitor and evaluate the impact of the policies on utilization service provision and revenue collection among other indicators. This report is based on data drawn largely from the Health Management Information System (HMIS) of the Ministry of Health (MoH) the 2012 Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS Plus) and the Kenya Service Availability and Readiness Survey (SARAM) 2013. The Technical Working Group established by the MoH to oversee the design and implementation of the two policies defined the indicators for the baseline and semi-annual and annual evaluations. Some of these indicators mainly related to quality of care (e.g. availability of tracer medicines) were not available from the HMIS and were obtained from alternative data sources including the 2012/2013 Public Expenditure Tracking Survey. The data presented cover the 12 months preceding the policy change.
Ilmu Bedah Vaskular Sains dan Pengalaman Praktis

perkembangan ilmu bedah pembuluh darah (vaskular) di dunia merupakan suatu perkembangan yang berasal dari kemajuan ilmu bedah pada umumnya, yaitu sejarah usaha para ahli untuk mengerti penyebab penyakit dengan melakukan pendekatan empirik, kemudian penelitian sesuai dengan kemajuan biologi sel dan molekul, dan pengembangan teknologi untuk keperluan diagnostik yang terkait dan teknologi di bidang pengobatan. Perkembangan tersebut telah tampak pada usaha mendapatkan pengertian dalam patofisiologi penyembuhan luka, teknik penjahitan pada luka pada jaringan kulit di permukaan tubuh. Selanjutnya dalam waktu bersamaan, berkembang pengertian mengenai mikrobiologi infeksi, hemodinamika dan penyembuhan luka pada pembuluh darah. Pengertian dalam pengelolaan trauma adalah berdasarkan pula atas kemajuan dalam upaya menghentikan perdarahan pada luka terbuka dan mempertahankan aliran darah ke bagian distal, dengan melakukan penjahitan anastomosis pada pembuluh darah yang menderita luka. Dalam sejarah telah dilakukan usaha untuk menghentikan perdarahan dengan menutup luka kecil pada arteri brachialis yang dilakukan pada tahun 1759 oleh Hallowel, seorang berkebangsaan Inggris, yaitu seperti yang dilaporkan oleh Lambert pada tahun 1762.1 Setelah itu, usaha yang sama juga dilakukan olehAssman dan Nikass (pertengahan abad ke-19) pada binatang eksperimen yang dikerjakan tanpa tindakan asepsis sehingga menimbulkan penyumbatan trombus (trombosis). Pengalaman tersebut menimbulkan kesan bahwa benang jahit di dalam lumen arteri akan menimbulkan trombosis, sehingga upaya menghentikan perdarahan akibat luka pada arteri selalu diatasi dengan melakukan ligasi arteri. Barulah pada tahun 1877N. Schultz melakukan eksperimen penjahitan luka kecil pada arteri tanpa menimbulkan penyumbatan trombus.
Flax Seeds In Prostate Cancer A Case report- self experienced.

Background:High risk advanced prostate cancer are beyond the scope of radical treatments more so they are associated with significant morbidity (1). Addition of flaxseeds to diet are likely to provide relief in the management of prostate cancer as experienced by Author. Brief History:I am confirmed case of high risk prostate cancer diagnosed on 12.3. 12 Biopsy Lal path no.127544646 prostate core Biopsy adenocarcinoma (Acinor,NOS) Glesson score4+4=8, tumor invades 70% of core volume, perineural invasion seen. USG abdomen: prostate 42g heterogenous with breach in right lobe, Pelvis and abdominal nodeenlarged largest 3cm. All Routine investigation within normal range, PSA-246, Bone scan a few mets (right pelvic bone and two ribs). Personal data thin, tall(5’9”), Weight 52kg. , BP122/80, vegetarian no addiction. Treatment:On 14.3. 12 bilateral orchidectomy Followed by Bicalutamide and honovan.
Duração e frequência de consultas médicas e sua influência no tempo de aleitamento materno em uma unidade básica de saúde

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding until six months and complementary feeding until two years or beyond. The longer the breastfeeding lasts, the lower the risk of obesity and infections is. Objective: To describe the exclusive and mixed breastfeeding rate of a population in a health care unit, as well as the facts of weaning; and to compare exclusive breastfeeding and total feeding time among children that were attended by local professionals and medicine students. Methods: Retrospective study reviewing 610 medical records of children born between January 2010 and December 2013, monitored by the unit. Results: The average time of exclusive breastfeeding was 117 days; and of mixed feeding 246 days. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month was 82,3%, higher than in the Brazilian southeast region, with associated facts of early weaning: caesarean birth, low-milk production, and type of professional care. Conclusion: It was observed exclusive and total breastfeeding time beyond the national and international average for this population, especially on the academic care, in which patients have more time of appointment and highest possibility of revaluation during the first month of life. The inclusion of patients with complete records and, therefore, the exclusion of those whose records were inadequate may have caused the oversizing of those rates, because it is unknown if those without adequate records were or were not properly oriented about breastfeeding.
Cervical Cytology: A Review of 597 Cases in a Tertiary Health Centre in Nigeria

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer among women in the developing countries. It is preventable by early detection and treatment of the precursor lesions. Cervical cytology became the standard screening test for cervical cancer and premalignant lesions with the introduction of the Papanicolau (Pap) smear. Aim: to determine the uptake, indications and results of cervical cytology in a tertiary health center in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: a 5-year descriptive study of the results of cervical cytology among women who attended the gynaecological outpatient clinic of the Hospital. Results: a total of 597 cases of cervical Pap smears were received at the histopathology department during the study period out of which 20 (3.4%) were inadequate for cytological evaluation. The patients age ranged from 15 to 80 (mean 38.8 SD = 11.4) years. The average annual uptake of the Cervical smear was 9.3% of the total number of patients seen in the gynaecological clinic during the study period and the main indications were routine medical check-up, 256 (42.9%) and cervicitis 76 (12.7%). About 398 (66.7%) were normal smears while 152 (26.3%) were abnormal. Non-specific inflammatory changes were present in 113 (74.3%) cases. Cytology was positive for intraepithelial lesions in 6.8% (39/577) cases. Eighteen percent (7/39) of them were high-grade lesions while squamous cell carcinoma was detected in 12.8% (5/39) cases. Conclusion: the uptake of cervical cytology of 8.7% is low and the main indication was routine check up. Premalignant lesions were detected in 6.8% of cases.
Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with gastroduodenal pathologies in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of gastritis and a number of studies have suggested that it may be important in the genesis of duodenal ulcer recurrence. The organism chronically infects billions of people worldwide, and prevalence has been reported to vary between and even within countries. This study examined H. pylori infection in patients who were referred to Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth with gastric related morbidities and determined the prevalence of infection with respect to age, sex, endoscopic diagnosis, ethnic background and lifestyle. Gastric biopsies were collected from 254 consecutive patients and H. pylori isolated on Columbia agar base (Oxoid LTD, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England) supplemented with 7% sheep’s blood (Oxoid, UK) and Skirrow’s supplement (Oxoid, UK) containing trimethoprim (2.5 mg), vancomycin (5 mg), cefsulodin (2.5 mg). Amphotericin (2.5 mg) was added to the medium. Recovered isolates were identified following standard microbiology and biochemical techniques. Presumptive isolates were further confirmed by PCR targeting the glmM gene. The Fisher’s exact test was used to assess the univariate association between H. pylori infection and the possible risk factors. Odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to measure the strength of association using EPI INFO 3.41 package. P-values <0.05 were required for significance. The overall prevalence of H. pylori was 66.14% (168/254). Prevalence was highest (100%) amongst patients with duodenitis (1/1), gastric cancer (GC) (4/4) and gastric erosion (5/5) as they were all positive for the organism. However, patients with gastritis (75%; 6/8), gastric ulcer (GU) (70.8%; 17/24), duodenal ulcer (DU) (65%; 26/40), non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) (64.7%%; 55/85), and gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (64%; 29/45) also had high
Stay or Flee? Probability versus Severity of Punishment in Hit-and-Run Accidents

The empirical literature testing the economic theory of crime has extensively studied the relative importance of the probability and the severity of punishment with reference to planned criminal activities. There are, however, also unplanned crimes and in this paper we focus on a very serious and widespread one, hit-and-run road accidents. In fact, it is not only unplanned, but also largely committed by citizens without criminal records and the decision whether to stay or run must be taken within a few seconds. Using Italian data for the period 1996-2016, we rely on daylight as an exogenous source of variation affecting the probability of apprehension and find that the likelihood of hit-and-run conditional on an accident taking place increases by around 20% with darkness. Relying on two legislative reforms which increased the penalties in case of hit-and-run, we find no significant effect on drivers’ behavior. Our results show that criminal activities in unplanned circumstances and under intense time pressure and emotional distress are deterred more by the certainty rather than the severity of legal sanctions.
SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS, LITERACY, AND STUDENTS WITH MODERATE AND SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: A SURVEY

OF DISSERTATION SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS, LITERACY, AND STUDENTS WITH MODERATE AND SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: A SURVEY Literacy includes many skills involving the use of language to read, write, listen, and speak. The ultimate goal in acquiring literacy skills is to function as independently, and in as integrated a manner as possible, in a literate society. Literary skills are critical skills for all students, both with and without disabilities. Since the 1990s, literacy has moved closer and closer to the forefront of our collective awareness regarding students who are at risk of not acquiring sufficient literacy ability. However, students with moderate and severe intellectual disability (MSID) have not always been included in this group of students. In recent years, there has been a greater effort to examine how to provide literacy instruction in a more complete and comprehensive manner for students with MSID. At the present time, there is limited research obtained directly from classroom teachers on their knowledge, beliefs, and practices about students with MSID and literacy. If we are to make effective and meaningful changes in literacy instruction for students with MSID, it is important to further investigate these variables as reported by teachers themselves. This research study examined, through the collection of survey data, teachers’ perceptions about literacy skills for students with MSID. The research questions were: (a) What do classroom teachers of students with MSID in Kentucky report as having learned in their university/college teacher preparation programs about literacy? (b) What do special education teachers in Kentucky believe about their students with MSID and literacy? and (c) In which literacy skill areas (phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension) do teachers of students with MSID in Kentucky report they are providing instruction?
An audit of Cancer in the Surgical Wards of a tertiary healthcare facility in a resource-limited setting

Background: In Africa, cancer is an emerging public health concern. In Sub-Saharan Africa, data on cancer epidemiology and survival which are necessary for the planning of treatment and control of cancers are scarce.Methods: A retrospective study of all patients who were admitted to the surgical wards in a Nigerian tertiary facility between January 2012 and December 2016 was done. The retrieved data included demographic features, presenting symptoms, mode of presentation, duration of illness, diagnosis, stage of disease, treatment modalities, treatment intention, compliance with treatment, survival, and current status.Result: The 279 patients studied comprised 81 (29.0%) males and 198 (71.0%) females. Cancer of the female breast was the leading malignancy occurring in 59% (165/279) patients; this was followed by colon cancer in19% (54/279) and prostate cancer in 10% (29/279). The commonest cancer among the females was breast cancer while prostate cancer was the commonest among the males. The stage of the disease was classified as early in 14.7% (41/279), locally advanced in 61.6% (172/279) and metastatic in 23.7% (66/279). Treatment goal was palliative for 57% (159/279) of the patients, curative in 26%while 13.6% (38/279) of the patients received no anti-cancer treatment. Ninety-six patients (34.5%) refused treatment or defaulted from treatment after the commencement of therapy. Although 53 (19%) patients died within the first month of admission, the overall mean duration of survival was 12.71 ± 13.0 months (range of 1- 84 months). Conclusion: Late presentation of patients, high treatment default rate, inappropriate management plan and overall poor survival were identified as daunting issues in cancer management in a resource-limited setting.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease in a Group of Apparently Healthy Young Cameroonians: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is not well known among apparently healthy people in Africa. Aim: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of PAD in a group of blood donors seen at the Douala General Hospital—Cameroon. Methods: Between 1st November 2015 and 30th April 2016, we carried out a cross-sectional study. Participants were consenting adults of both sexes, aged ≥ 21 years who presented for blood donation, and were tested HIV negative. We collected socio-demographic data and their past history. We carried out a physical examination and measured their Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). We defined PAD as an ABI < 0.9. We also measured their fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Results: We recruited 103 participants, 55.4% males. The mean age was 33 ± 10 years. The mean ABI on left and right leg was 1.04 ± 0.1 and 1.02 ± 0.1respectively. ABI was higher in males than females both legs (p < 0.05). PAD was seen in 11 (10.7%) participants. This was higher in females than males (3.6% versus 19.2%, p = 0.026). Among those with PAD, 8 (72.7%) were asymptomatic (Males: 100% versus Females: 66%, p = 0.9). After adjusting for age and gender, sedentary lifestyle (aOR: 7.14, [95% CI: 1.38 - 33.3], p = 0.019), and female gender (aOR: 6.2, [95% CI: 1.26 - 30.5], p = 0.025) were significantly associated with PAD. Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD was high in this group of HIV negative blood donors, most of whom were asymptomatic. This was associated with females, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Germination Ecology of Brachiaria eruciformis in Australia and Its Implications for Weed Management

Brachiaria eruciformis (Sm.) Griseb. is a noxious weed of Australia and other parts of the world. The effects of different environmental conditions on the seed germination and seedling emergence of three biotypes sourced from different cropping systems (mungbean field, sorghum field, and fenceline) of this weed were evaluated. There were no differences in the response of biotypes to the evaluated factors; therefore, the data was pooled across the biotypes. The highest germination rate was observed at 30/20 °C, and seeds germinated both in light and dark conditions. Seed germination was influenced by different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations and water potentials, and no seeds germinated at 200 mM NaCl and −0.8 MPa water potential. Seeds germinated (>70%) at a broad range of pH, from 4 to 10. Compared with seeds sown on the soil surface, a burial depth of 4 cm reduced the seedling emergence by 84%. Similarly, a sorghum residue amount of 4 t ha−1 on the soil surface reduced the seedling emergence by 65%, compared with no sorghum residue cover. No seedlings emerged from seeds buried at 8 cm depth and >4 t ha−1 sorghum residue. This study suggests that burying seeds deep into the soil through tillage or employing a residue cover on the soil surface can reduce B. eruciformis emergence.
Two new genera of Apocynaceae in Laos

Examination of unidentified Apocynaceae specimens at QBG and SING lead to the discovery of one specimen of Meladerma deciduum and two specimens of Harmandiella cordifolia from Laos. Harmandiella was earlier considered endemic to Thailand and Vietnam while Meladerma was earlier reported from Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. Harmandiella cordifolia and Meladerma deciduum are typified.
Drivers of social network adoption in post-travel phase: An empirical study in Thai tourists

Abstract As tourism is a fast-growing industry, it is worth focusing on understanding travelers’ information generation behavior. The previous research also found that research in the motivation of travelers in sharing travel information through SNSs is quite limited. This research aims to study social network site usage intention in the post-travel phase by adding information features, media features, and user factors. This paper used a quantitative approach with the SEM technique. Questionnaires completed by 450 Thai travelers were analyzed by using a structural equation modeling test. The results suggested that perceived usefulness, customer involvement, and information accuracy were the significant factors that enhanced travelers’ social network site’s adoption intention after their trip. Positive relationships existed between perceived usefulness, subjective norm, and accessibility factors positively influenced perceived usefulness. This study suggests that tourism businesses should create their SNSs accounts in well-known and easy accessed social media to increase the number of reviews and feedbacks. The present paper contributes to previous research by identifying the impact of the information feature, media features, social and user factors on social network sites adoption intention, specifically in the post-travel phase.
Relation between negligent adverse events and the outcomes of medical-malpractice litigation.

Background We have previously shown that in New York State the initiation of malpractice suits correlates poorly with the actual occurrence of adverse events (injuries resulting from medical treatment) and negligence. There is little information on the outcome of such lawsuits, however. To assess the ability of malpractice litigation to make accurate determinations, we studied 51 malpractice suits to identify factors that predict payment to plaintiffs. Methods Among malpractice claims that we reviewed independently in an earlier study, we identified 51 litigated claims and followed them over a 10-year period to determine whether the malpractice insurer had closed the case. We obtained detailed summaries of the cases from the insurers and reviewed the litigation files if the outcome of a case differed from the outcome predicted in our original review. Results Of the 51 malpractice cases, 46 had been closed as of December 31, 1995. Among these cases, 10 of 24 that we originally identified as involving no adverse event were settled for the plaintiffs (mean payment, $28,760), as were 6 of 13 cases classified as involving adverse events but no negligence (mean payment, $98,192) and 5 of 9 cases in which adverse events due to negligence were found in our assessment (mean payment, $66,944). Seven of eight claims involving permanent disability were settled for the plaintiffs (mean payment, $201,250). In a multivariate analysis, disability (permanent vs. temporary or none) was the only significant predictor of payment (P=0.03). There was no association between the occurrence of an adverse event due to negligence (P=0.32) or an adverse event of any type (P=0.79) and payment. Conclusions Among the malpractice claims we studied, the severity of the patient's disability, not the occurrence of an adverse event or an adverse event due to negligence, was predictive of payment to the plaintiff.
The Comorbidity of Diabetes and Depression among Latinas: A Literature Review

Diabetes remains one of the most prevalent and threatening health disparities in the United States today. Increased societal recognition of depression as a crucial facet of mental health/wellness has presupposed escalating diagnosis rates. Diabetes and depression commonly co-occur and go undetected in primary care settings. Women and Latinos/as have higher rates of either diabetes or depression than non-Hispanic Whites.The aim of the study is to determine the role of diabetes and depression among Latinas in the United States and to determine limitations in existing literature. Expanding integrated health care systems with prevention and treatment programs for diabetes and depression is necessary. This is pertinent to Latinas because of specific factors that impact their likelihood of developing these diseases. Frequent depression screenings throughout the lifespan are warranted to monitor rates of depression. More research must be done to assess the severity of the comorbidity. Through reviewing the literature, it was found therelationship between diabetes and depression among Latinas is bidirectional and more research is necessary to better understand this relationship, which is provoked by factors specific to the Latina lifestyle. There is a lack of research conducted on Latinas and few studies focused on this population.