Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delivery in the Net Economy

The Net Economy encompasses all transactions and transfers that utilize the Internet and World Wide Web technologies. Commonly, these activities can be classified as business to business (B2B), consumer to consumer (C2C), and business to consumer (B2C). All of these relationships have existed, of course, outside the Net Economy for centuries. The use of information technology provides opportunities for businesses to establish a presence as an eentrepreneur in the Net Economy (Kollmann, 2006). It is the establishment of electronic connections that has changed, and is changing the conduct of business (Laugero, & Globe, 2002). In the United States the Net Economy is the fastest growing sector of the economy (Mesenbourg, 2008). Despite this progress to electronic connections, there is one aspect that the ‘Net’ cannot always provide – delivery. There is a relationship between the product, the product’s delivery, and the product’s presentation in the Net Economy (Phau, & Poon, 2000; Smith, & Brynjolfsson, 2001). Products are presented on the Web through Web portals. The portal facilitates ABsTRAcT
Determination of parameters for a half-band filter in a digital Hilbert transformer in a reactive power measurement system

This article presents a selection analysis of the parameters used for a half-band filter in a digital Hilbert transformer. The parameters were determined for the transformer's use in measuring Budeanu reactive power. This solution allowed to check the operation of the filter by comparing the results obtained with the filter with the results of Budeanu reactive power obtained in the frequency domain. Fifty half-band filters were designed and tested. As a result of the analysis the best filter was chosen. For this half-band filter the obtained values of the relative error of the reactive power measurement were less than or equal to 0.01% for different types of load parameters, signals and sampling frequencies. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono analize doboru parametrow filtra half-band, stosowanego w transformatorze Hilberta. Parametry te określono dla transformatora zastosowanego do pomiaru mocy biernej wedlug Budeanu. Rozwiązanie takie pozwolilo sprawdzic dzialanie filtra porownując otrzymane z jego uzyciem wyniki mocy z wynikami otrzymanymi w dziedzinie czestotliwości ze wzoru Budeanu. Do testow zaprojektowano piecdziesiąt filtrow Hilberta. Z nich wybrano filtr o najlepszych parametrach, dla ktorych bląd pomiaru mocy biernej byl mniejszy lub rowny 0.01% dla roznych sygnalow wejściowych, typow odbiornika i czestotliwości probkowania. (Dobor parametrow filtra half-band dla cyfrowego transformatora Hilberta w ukladzie do pomiaru mocy biernej).
Interspinous Process Devices in the Lumbar Spine

A growing number of interspinous process devices have been introduced to the lumbar spine implant market. Implant designs vary from static spacers to dynamized devices. Furthermore, they are composed of a range of different materials including bone allograft, titanium, polyetheretherketone, and elastomeric compounds. The common link between them is the mechanical goal of distracting the spinous processes to affect the intervertebral relationship. In contrast, the purported clinical goals are more variable, ranging from treatment of degenerative spinal stenosis, discogenic low back pain, facet syndrome, disk herniations, and instability. Though some clinical data exist for some of these devices, defining the indications for these minimally invasive procedures will be crucial. Indications should emerge from thoughtful consideration of data from randomized controlled studies.
FACING THE ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS CHALLENGE IN ROMANIA: THE INNOVATION ISSUES

This paper examines the main aspects influencing the innovative environment of Romania by analyzing the levels and composition of innovation indicators and comparing with levels obtained by other countries. The competitiveness of Romania is strongly linked to its position in innovation. The same indicators responsible for weak innovation are linked to the poor composite innovation performance indicators such as the Summary Innovation Index. That shows better the large gaps accumulated over time in all innovation dimensions, particularly in firms activities and innovation output when they are compared to the EU average values and as such having repercussions on the innovation performance index, implying economic mechanisms in mitigating the issues that Romania faces with.
Charting the Complexity Landscape of Waypoint Routing

Modern computer networks support interesting new routing models in which traffic flows from a source s to a destination t can be flexibly steered through a sequence of waypoints, such as (hardware) middleboxes or (virtualized) network functions, to create innovative network services like service chains or segment routing. While the benefits and technological challenges of providing such routing models have been articulated and studied intensively over the last years, much less is known about the underlying algorithmic traffic routing problems. This paper shows that the waypoint routing problem features a deep combinatorial structure, and we establish interesting connections to several classic graph theoretical problems. We find that the difficulty of the waypoint routing problem depends on the specific setting, and chart a comprehensive landscape of the computational complexity. In particular, we derive several NP-hardness results, but we also demonstrate that exact polynomial-time algorithms exist for a wide range of practically relevant scenarios.
Mean Reversion between Different Classes of Shares in Dual-Class Firms: Evidence and Implications

This paper analyzes the stocks with differential voting rights in the world for fractional cointegration. In the United States, I find that out of 101 firms with at least two classes of stocks traded publicly, 81 (80%) are fractionally cointegrated. The mean (median) estimated long-memory parameter of the equilibrium is 0.61 (0.65) and is negatively correlated with the quality of the firm's corporate governance. The fractional cointegration among dual-class shares implies mean-reverting residual process if long-memory parameter is less than 1. It also implies predictability of future returns using the past prices. A simple long-short strategy based on the cointegration regression residuals yields substantial abnormal returns, even after controlling for market, size, book-to-market, momentum, liquidity, and investor sentiment. Extending the analysis to the rest of the world, I find that out of 788 firms with dual-class shares traded publicly, 470 (60%) are fractionally cointegrated. The long-memory parameter for a country is negatively correlated with quality of its investor protection.
Influenza virus infections in infants.

BACKGROUND Universal immunization of children with live attenuated cold recombinant vaccine has been proposed. The renewed recommendation for maternal immunization with influenza vaccine should increase the amount of antibody transmitted to the infant and postpone the need for active immunization. This study examines the risk of influenza during the first year of life to provide information about the time to initiate active immunization. METHODS Infants followed from birth to 1 year of age in the Houston Family Study were monitored weekly for influenza virus infection. Serum specimens were tested for evidence of infection at 4-month intervals. RESULTS One-third of 209 infants were infected during the first year; most of the infections occurred during the second 6 months of life. Only 26 of 69 infections were detected before 6 months of age compared with 43 afterward. More striking was the concentration of serious illnesses in the latter half of the first year; 8 of 9 otitis media episodes and 9 of 11 lower respiratory tract illnesses occurred in the older infants. CONCLUSIONS The combination of increased maternal antibody titers that should result from influenza immunization and the lesser risk of influenza in the first 6 months of life allows initiation of active immunization of children after 6 months of age.
European Open Data Policy: Challenges and Opportunities

This article presents a number of challenges and opportunities for a European open data policy which represents an opportunity to generate new economic activity in the European Union and to deliver on the premises of an open and participative democracy. As a consequence of the current development in the area of public open data policies, and also as a result of the Commission's actions and legislative initiative, a genuine shift in public administrations' approach to the matter can be anticipated. This fundamentally concerns the ways in which public administrations interact with their constituencies. As a result of a culture change the new paradigm brings about a situation in which public administrations act as resourceproviders in an open data eco-system.
Rice Bran: Production, Composition, Functionality and Food Applications, Physiological Benefits

The world production of rice paddy in 2006 was 631 million metric tons. It resulted in 421 million tons of milled rice, of which 372 million tons were consumed as food. At least 114 countries grow rice and more than 50 have an annual production of 100,000 metric tons or more. The 11 top rice-growing countries are China, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Philippines, Brazil, Japan, and the United States, producing 28.2%, 22.4%, 8.8%, 6.5%, 5.9%, 4.6%, 4.2%, 2.4%, 1.7%, 1.7%, and 1.5% of the world CONTENTS
An Effective Information Retrieval System Using Keyword Search Technique

Keyword search is the technique use for the retrieving data or information. In Information Retrieval, keyword search is a type of search method that looks for matching documents which contain one or more keywords specified by a user.A keyword search scheme to relational database becomes an interesting area of research system within the IR and relational database system. The assumption and investigation of user search goals can be very valuable in improving search engine relevance and user experience. The user tries to search about any query on the internet, Search engine gives many numbers of result related to that query. These results can be depend on metadata or on full text indexing, because of this, user need to spend a lot of time in finding the information of his interest. Therefore, in project inferred user search goals by analyzing search engine query logs. System use a framework to discover different user search goals for a query by clustering the propose feedback sessions. KeywordsSearch Engine, Query Logs, Keyword Search, Datasets, Information Retrieval.
First Occurrence of the Garnet-Ilmenite Transition in Silicates

Pyrope garnet (Mg3Al2Si3O12) has been found to transform to an ilmenite-type phase at a loading pressure between 240 and 250 kilobars and at about 1000� to 1400�C in a diamond-anvil press coupled with laser heating. The lattice parameters for the ilmenite-type phase of (Mg.75 Al.25)(Si.75 Al.25)O3 are a0 = 4.755 � 0.002 and c0 = 13.360 � 0.005 angstroms. The zero-pressure volume change associated with the garnet-ilmenite transition is calculated to be –7.1 percent. This result verifies the prediction that pyrope garnet would transform to the ilmenite structure at high pressure first suggested in 1962 by Clark et al. and Ringwood.
Cargo binding induces dimerization of myosin VI

Although myosin VI has properties that would allow it to function optimally as a dimer, full-length myosin VI exists as a monomer in isolation. Based on the ability of myosin VI monomers to dimerize when held in close proximity, we postulated that cargo binding normally regulates dimerization of myosin VI. We tested this hypothesis by expressing a known dimeric cargo adaptor protein of myosin VI, optineurin, and the myosin VI-binding segment from a monomeric cargo adaptor protein, Dab2. In the presence of these adaptor proteins, full-length myosin VI has ATPase properties of a dimer, appears as a dimer in electron micrographs, and moves processively on actin filaments. The results support a model in which cargo binding exposes internal dimerization sequences within full-length myosin VI. Because, unexpectedly, a monomeric fragment of Dab2 triggers dimerization, it would appear that myosin VI is designed to function as a dimer in cells.
Expression of proteins involved in DNA damage response in familial and sporadic breast cancer patients

Understanding the expression of proteins involved in DNA damage response could improve knowledge of the pathways that contribute to familial and sporadic breast cancer (BC). We aimed to assess the different roles of BRCA1, poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP1), BRCT‐repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression (BRIT1) and novel SWItch 5 (SWI5) expression in 130 sporadic and 73 familial BC samples, by immunohistochemistry. In the sporadic group, negative nuclear BRCA1 (nBRCA1) expression was associated with positive PgR (p = 0.037). Negative association was found between nBRCA1 expression and HER2 (p = 0.001). In the familial group, nBRCA1 expression was associated with ER (p = 0.002). Reduced nBRCA1 expression was associated with higher histological grade and positive Ki67 both in sporadic (p = 0.0010, p = 0.047) and familial groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.001). Nuclear PARP1 (nPARP1) expression was associated with histological grade (p = 0.035) and positive PgR (p = 0.047) in sporadic cases. High cytoplasmic and low nuclear BRIT1 (cBRIT1 and nBRIT1) expression were associated with high histological grade in the familial group (p = 0.013, p = 0.025). Various statistical associations between the protein expressions were observed in the sporadic group, while in familial group only few associations were found. Univariate analyses showed that nPARP1 expression is able to discriminate between sporadic and familial tumors (OR 2.80, p = 0.002). Multivariate analyses proved that its overexpression is an independent factor associated with a high risk of sporadic tumor (OR 2.96, p = 0.017). Our findings indicate that nPARP1 expression is an independent factor for sporadic BCs and PARP1 inhibitors could be a promising therapy for different phenotypes.
Virtual Reality and Claustrophobia: Multiple Components Therapy Involving Game Editor Virtual Environments Exposure

The effectiveness of a multiple components therapy regarding claustrophobia and involving virtual reality (VR) will be demonstrated through a trial which immersed six claustrophobic patients in multiple context-graded enclosed virtual environments (VE) using affordable VR apparatus and software. The results of the questionnaires and behavior tests exhibited a significant reduction in fear towards the enclosed space and quality of life improvement. Such gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Presence score indicated the patients felt immersed and present inside the game editor VE.
Longitudinal Evaluation of EEG-Based Biometric Recognition

Brain signals have recently attracted the attention of the scientific community as potential biometric identifiers. In more detail, there is a growing interest in evaluating the feasibility of using electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to perform automatic people recognition. In this scenario, the study of the longitudinal behavior of EEG signals, i.e., their permanence across time, is of paramount importance. This paper is the first extensive attempt, in terms of employed elicitation protocols, number of involved subjects, number of acquisition sessions, and covered time span, to evaluate the influence of aging effects on the discriminative capabilities of EEG signals over long-term periods. Specifically, we here report and discuss the results obtained from experimental tests conducted on a database comprising 45 subjects, whose EEG signals have been collected during five to six distinct sessions spanning a total period of three years, using four different elicitation protocols. The longitudinal behavior of EEG discriminative traits is evaluated by means of a statistical-and performance-related analysis, using different EEG features and hidden Markov models as classifiers. A characterization of each considered EEG channel in terms of uniqueness and permanence properties is also performed, with the purpose of ranking their relevance for biometric purposes, thus giving hints to contain their number in practical applications. Moreover, we design some possible countermeasures to mitigate aging effects on recognition performance and evaluate their effectiveness, thus paving the road for the future deployment of real-life cognitive recognition systems relying on brain-based biometric traits.
Allergens and their role in the allergic immune response

Summary: Allergens are recognized as the proteins that induce immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses in humans. The proteins come from a range of sources and, not surprisingly, have many different biological functions. However, the delivery of allergens to the nose is exclusively on particles, which carry a range of molecules in addition to the protein allergens. These molecules include pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that can alter the response. Although the response to allergens is characterized by IgE antibodies, it also includes other isotypes (IgG, IgA, and IgG4), as well as T cells. The challenge is to identify the characteristics of these exposures that favor the production of this form of response. The primary features of the exposure appear to be the delivery in particles, such as pollen grains or mite feces, containing both proteins and PAMPs, but with overall low dose. Within this model, there is a simple direct relationship between the dose of exposure to mite or grass pollen and the prevalence of IgE responses. By contrast, the highest levels of exposure to cat allergen are associated with a lower prevalence of IgE responses. Although the detailed mechanisms for this phenomenon are not clear, it appears that enhanced production of interleukin‐10 in response to specific Fel d 1 peptides could influence the response. However, it is striking that the animal sources that are most clearly associated with decreased responses at high allergen dose are derived from animals from which humans evolved more recently (∼65 million years ago). Although the nose is still recognized as the primary route for sensitization to inhalant allergens, there is increasing evidence that the skin is also an important site for the generation of IgE antibody responses. By contrast, it is now evident that delivery of foreign proteins by the oral route or sublingually will favor the generation of tolerance.
Liver X receptor agonist treatment significantly affects phenotype and transcriptome of APOE3 and APOE4 Abca1 haplo-deficient mice

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) controls cholesterol and phospholipid efflux to lipid-poor apolipoprotein E (APOE) and is transcriptionally controlled by Liver X receptors (LXRs) and Retinoic X Receptors (RXRs). In APP transgenic mice, lack of Abca1 increased Aβ deposition and cognitive deficits. Abca1 haplo-deficiency in mice expressing human APOE isoforms, increased level of Aβ oligomers and worsened memory deficits, preferentially in APOE4 mice. In contrast upregulation of Abca1 by LXR/RXR agonists significantly ameliorated pathological phenotype of those mice. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of LXR agonist T0901317 (T0) on the phenotype and brain transcriptome of APP/E3 and APP/E4 Abca1 haplo-deficient (APP/E3/Abca1+/- and APP/E4/Abca1+/-) mice. Our data demonstrate that activated LXRs/RXR ameliorated APOE4-driven pathological phenotype and significantly affected brain transcriptome. We show that in mice expressing either APOE isoform, T0 treatment increased mRNA level of genes known to affect brain APOE lipidation such as Abca1 and Abcg1. In both APP/E3/Abca1+/- and APP/E4/Abca1+/- mice, the application of LXR agonist significantly increased ABCA1 protein level accompanied by an increased APOE lipidation, and was associated with restoration of APOE4 cognitive deficits, reduced levels of Aβ oligomers, but unchanged amyloid load. Finally, using Gene set enrichment analysis we show a significant APOE isoform specific response to LXR agonist treatment: Gene Ontology categories “Microtubule Based Process” and “Synapse Organization” were differentially affected in T0-treated APP/E4/Abca1+/- mice. Altogether, the results are suggesting that treatment of APP/E4/Abca1+/- mice with LXR agonist T0 ameliorates APOE4-induced AD-like pathology and therefore targeting the LXR-ABCA1-APOE regulatory axis could be effective as a potential therapeutic approach in AD patients, carriers of APOEε4.
Automatic detection of lung nodules: false positive reduction using convolution neural networks and handcrafted features

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis is critical in increasing the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer, so the efficient and accurate detection of lung nodules, potential precursors to lung cancer, is evermore important. In this paper, a computer-aided lung nodule detection system using convolution neural networks (CNN) and handcrafted features for false positive reduction is developed. The CNNs were trained with three types of images: lung CT images, their nodule-enhanced images, and their blood vessel-enhanced images. For each nodule candidate, nine 2D patches from differently oriented planes were extracted from each type of images. Patches of the same orientation from the same type of image across different candidates were used to train the CNNs independently, which were used to extract 864 features. 88 handcrafted features including intensity, shape, and texture features were also obtained from the lung CT images. The CNN features and handcrafted features were then combined to train a classifier, and a support vector machine was adopted to achieve the final classification results. The proposed method was evaluated on 1004 CT scans from the LIDC-IDRI database using 10-fold cross-validation. Compared with the traditional CNN method using only lung CT images, the proposed method boosted the sensitivity of nodule detection from 89.0% to 90.9% at 4 FPs/scan and from 71.6% to 78.2% at 1 FP/scan. This indicates that a combination of handcrafted features and CNN features from both lung CT images and enhanced images is a promising method for lung nodule detection.
Improving the efficiency of hierarchical structure-and-motion

We present a completely automated Structure and Motionpipeline capable of working with uncalibrated images with varying internal parameters and no ancillary information. The system is based on a novel hierarchical scheme which reduces the total complexity by one order of magnitude. We assess the quality of our approach analytically by comparing the recovered point clouds with laser scans, which serves as ground truth data.
Regulation of circRNA biogenesis

Unlike linear RNAs terminated with 5′ caps and 3′ tails, circular RNAs are characterized by covalently closed loop structures with neither 5′ to 3′ polarity nor polyadenylated tail. This intrinsic characteristic has led to the general under-estimation of the existence of circular RNAs in previous polyadenylated transcriptome analyses. With the advent of specific biochemical and computational approaches, a large number of circular RNAs from back-spliced exons (circRNAs) have been identified in various cell lines and across different species. Recent studies have uncovered that back-splicing requires canonical spliceosomal machinery and can be facilitated by both complementary sequences and specific protein factors. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of the regulation of circRNA biogenesis, including both the competition between splicing and back-splicing and the previously under-appreciated alternative circularization.