Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep ${Q}$ -Network-Based Route Scheduling for TNC Vehicles With Passengers’ Location Differential Privacy

The transportation network company (TNC) services efficiently pair the passengers with the vehicles/drivers through mobile applications, such as Uber, Lyft, Didi, etc. TNC services definitely facilitate the traveling of passengers, while it is equally important to effectively and intelligently schedule the routes of cruising TNC vehicles to improve TNC drivers’ revenues. From the TNC drivers’ side, the most critical question to address is how to reduce the cruising time, and improve the efficiency/earnings by using their own vehicles to provide TNC services. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based TNC route scheduling approach, which allows the TNC service center to learn about the dynamic TNC service environment and schedule the routes for the vacant TNC vehicles. In particular, we jointly consider multiple factors in the complex TNC environment, such as locations of the TNC vehicles, different time periods during the day, the competition among TNC vehicles, etc., and develop a deep ${Q}$ -network-based route scheduling algorithm for vacant TNC vehicles based on distributed framework, which makes the server closer to the terminal users and accelerates the training speed. Furthermore, we apply the geo-indistinguishability scheme based on differential privacy to preserve the sensitive location information uploaded by the passengers. We evaluate the proposed algorithm’s performance via simulations using open data sets from Didi Chuxing. Through extensive simulations, we show that the proposed scheme is effective in reducing the cruising time of vacant TNC vehicles and improving the earnings of TNC drivers.
New cranial characters in the tribe Hydropsini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae)

We here describe the skull in four species of the three genera of the tribe Hydropsini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae): Helicops infrataeniatus , H. leopardinus , Hydrops caesurus and Pseudoeryx plicatilis . We compare them with several genera of Dipsadidae. We found that the unpaired foramen on the parabasisphenoid with anterior position is the only skull feature shared by all Hydropsini genera. This feature also occurs in semi-aquatic ( Erythrolamphrus semiaureus ) and fully-aquatic ( Farancia abacura ) dipsadids. All species of Hydrops with available skull descriptions and Pseudoeryx plicatilis share four features: (1) The anterior border of the angular is higher than the posterior border of the splenial, (2) the vomerine processes of the premaxilla are long, (3) the ascending process of the premaxilla overlaps the horizontal lamina of the nasals, and (4) an anterior projection of the prefrontal is present. All species of Helicops with available skull descriptions and Pseudoeryx plicatilis share three features: (1) A vertical lamina of the nasal with a notch, (2) a single foramen rotundum, and (3) the presence of a ventral projection of the transverse crista of the basioccipital. Finally, we found small, paired parietal foramina in most of the dipsadids studied here, which are filled with a Sudan-Black-positive tissue of possible nervous origin.
Hybrid Precoder and Combiner Design for Single-User mmWave MIMO Systems

wave (mmWave) communications have been regarded as a key technology for the next generation cellular systems since the huge available bandwidth can potentially provide the rates of multiple gigabits per second. In mmWave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the conventional precoding is infeasible due to the hardware cost and power consumption. Therefore, hybrid precoding is considered as a promising technology to provide a compromise between hardware complexity and system performance. In this paper, we investigate the designs of the hybrid precoder and combiner in mmWave MIMO systems. We adopt the hierarchical strategy to design a hybrid precoder to maximize the spectral efficiency. In particular, we focus on the optimization of analog precoder and propose a novel iterative algorithm. Then, based on the optimal analog precoder, we compute the digital precoder to improve the spectral efficiency. For practical implementation, the proposed hybrid precoder design can be used in wideband systems with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation. The simulation results and mathematical analysis show that the proposed algorithm can achieve near-optimal performance with low complexity for mmWave MIMO systems.
Biocontrol activity of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens against Phytophthora infestans under greenhouse conditions

The biocontrol potential of Trichoderma viride-ES1 and Pseudomonas fluorescens-Bak150 against potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, were studied in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. In vitro antagonism test carried out between T. viride and P. infestans showed a radial growth inhibition of the pathogen by 36.7% and a complete overgrowth of T. viride on P. infestans later, whereas P. fluorescens inhibited the radial growth of the pathogen by 88%. Foliar spray method used in the greenhouse trials involved foliar spray of healthy potato plants with suspensions of (i) T. viride only, (ii) P. fluorescens only, (iii) mixed culture of T. viride and P. fluorescens, and (iv) Mancozeb, followed by spraying the pathogen inoculum three days later. The infected leaf area was measured weekly and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated and compared among the treatments. The result showed that T. viride (AUDPC=260) and P. fluorescens (AUDPC=765.1) significantly (P<0.05) reduced the disease compared to the untreated check (AUDPC=1045). T. viride was found to be more efficient than P. fluorescens and mixed culture. No significant difference was observed between the mixed culture and the inoculated/untreated check. This study revealed that the foliar application of T. viride-ES1 has good potential in controlling the late blight disease of potato.
Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis

The effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of international policy agendas on greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. This paper reviews the literature for the influence of land use changes on soil C stocks and reports the results of a meta analysis of these data from 74 publications. The meta analysis indicates that soil C stocks decline after land use changes from pasture to plantation (−10%), native forest to plantation (−13%), native forest to crop (−42%), and pasture to crop (−59%). Soil C stocks increase after land use changes from native forest to pasture (+ 8%), crop to pasture (+ 19%), crop to plantation (+ 18%), and crop to secondary forest (+ 53%). Wherever one of the land use changes decreased soil C, the reverse process usually increased soil carbon and vice versa. As the quantity of available data is not large and the methodologies used are diverse, the conclusions drawn must be regarded as working hypotheses from which to design future targeted investigations that broaden the database. Within some land use changes there were, however, sufficient examples to explore the role of other factors contributing to the above conclusions. One outcome of the meta analysis, especially worthy of further investigation in the context of carbon sink strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation, is that broadleaf tree plantations placed onto prior native forest or pastures did not affect soil C stocks whereas pine plantations reduced soil C stocks by 12–15%.
Book Review: Vally Lytra, Play frames and social identities. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2007. 300 pp

The International Journal of Bilingualism highlighting differences in the typical layouts of web pages in English and in L1. Xiaoyu You, in Chapter 11, demonstrates how a historical approach may contribute new insights into CR. The author examines the evolvement of theme treatment in Chinese writing instruction in the context of dominant Chinese ideologies over the last century (i.e., from Confucianism to Marxism). Joel Bloch, in Chapter 12, demonstrates that intercultural rhetoric can help us understand the study of plagiarism and vice versa by reviewing the various approaches and perspectives on plagiarism. The last section of the volume focuses on the future direction of the field. Paul Kei Matsuda and Dwright Atkinson, in Chapter 13, use an innovative format of “the academic conversation” to discuss the issues, conceptualizations, and the future of CR. Among various topics under discussion are the relationship between research and pedagogy in CR. According to the discussants, CR started as a pedagogical concept. However, the consequence of being treated as a pedagogical concept is that CR has a very limited critical research focus. Renaming and reconceptualizing CR would help to broaden the focus and develop CR into an all-inclusive field using multiple methodologies. The last chapter of the volume, by Ulla Connor, offers a systematic and extended discussion of major milestones in the development of CR as a research field. According to Connor, the first major development came when writing was considered as a socially constructed activity and the social practices surrounding the writing were taken into account in interpreting discourse patterns. The second development came when researchers began to perceive cultures as interacting or overlapping with each other in a particular setting. Connor argues that the third stage is when writing is studied as an intercultural encounter rather than separate entities across cultural boundaries and this is the stage when Intercultural Rhetoric will carry the field forward. The key strengths of the book lie in the wealth of data presented and analyzed in the various chapters and the diverse cultures the studies cover. There are also some reader-friendly features in the volume. Each chapter starts with an abstract, which is very often missing in an edited volume. Most of the chapters present the original data in the appendix for comparison. The chapters in each section are coherent and well planned. The volume fully achieves its goals set out by the editors at the beginning of the book. It offers invaluable insight into the past, present, and future of CR. The editors are open-minded in their selection of articles. Alternative, and sometimes controversial, views are given alongside the views advocated by the editors. Readers are encouraged to make their own judgment based on the evidence they have seen in the book. It is highly recommendable to researchers and teachers of ESL/EFL writing.
Trichodina domerguei Wallengren, 1897 (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) Infestations on the Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1811in Relation to Seasonality and Host Factors

Abstract The occurrence of Trichodina domerguei on the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, was studied from October 1999 through September 2000. Overall prevalence and mean intensity levels were recorded as 77.9% and 156 ± 43.7 Trichodina per infested fish, respectively. Average host length was 71.1 ± 2.2 mm. Statistically significant differences of parasite prevalence and intensity in relation to season and length of fish were observed. Seasonal variations were also observed in the dimensions of T. domerguei. Neogobius melanostomus is a new host recorded for T. domerguei. This is the first ecological study of T. domerguei conducted in an alternately brackish and freshwater environment.
Pollen Organs and Seeds with Eucommiidites Pollen

Abstract The characteristic Mesozoic pollen genus Eucommiidites is described from pollen organs and seeds recovered in Cretaceous strata of North America and Europe. The pollen organs are from the lowermost Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Texas and are referred to Erdtmanitheca texensis gen. et sp. nov. They are spherical heads, composed of numerous, densely crowded, radiating pollen sacs that contain abundant well-preserved pollen. Combined LM, SEM and TEM investigations show that the pollen grains each have a distinct distal colpus flanked by two lateral colpi in an equatorial position. Pollen wall ultrastructure is gymnospermous with a thick lamellate inner layer (endexine) and an outer layer (ektexine) composed of a granular inner part and a homogeneous outer part. The endexine is thickened in the region of the colpi. Small seeds from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Berriasian to Valanginian) of Bornholm, Denmark contain abundant Eucommiidites pollen in their micropyles. The seeds are referred to Erdtman.
Effect of methionine on intestinal enzymes activities, microflora and humoral immune of juvenile Jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary methionine supplementation on intestinal microflora and humoral immune of juvenile Jian carp (initial weight of 9.9 ± 0.0 g) reared in indoor flow-through and aerated aquaria. Eight amino acid test diets (350 g kg−1 crude protein, CP), using fish meal, soybean-condensed protein and gelatin as intact protein sources supplemented with crystalline amino acids, were formulated to contain graded levels of methionine (0.6–22.0%) at a constant dietary cystine level of 3 g kg−1. Each diet was randomly assigned to three aquaria. Growth performance and feed utilization were significantly influenced by the dietary methionine levels (P < 0.05). Maximum weight gain, feed intake occurred at 12 g kg−1 dietary methionine (P < 0.05). Methionine supplementation improved hepatopancreas and intestine weight, hepatosomatic and intestine index, intestinal γ-glutamyltransferase and creatine kinase activity, Lactobacillus count, Bacillus count, lysozyme activities, lectin potency, sim-immunoglobulin M content, addiment C3,C4 contents and serum total iron-binding capacity and declined Escherichia coli and Aeromonas counts. Quadratic regression analysis of weight gain against dietary methionine levels indicated that the optimal dietary methionine requirement for maximum growth of juvenile Jian carp is 12 g kg−1 of the dry diet in the presence of 3 g kg−1 cystine.
Changing paradigms in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus

SLE poses formidable therapeutic challenges due to its heterogeneity and treatment decisions often cannot be guided by data of high quality. In this review, we attempt to provide insights regarding the treatment of SLE in everyday clinical practice, based on contemporary evidence and our own personal experience. We focus on common therapeutic issues and dilemmas arising in routine care, including monitoring for retinal toxicity associated with hydroxychloroquine, handling of glucocorticoid regimens in order to minimise their adverse events, choice of immunosuppressive medications based on prevailing disease manifestations and optimal use of available biological agents (belimumab and rituximab). We also provide our view on the position of calcineurin inhibitors in the management of lupus nephritis and conclude with remarks on the future perspectives for this challenging disease.
RESPONSES OF WHEAT PLANTS UNDER POST-ANTHESIS STRESS INDUCED BY DEFOLIATION: I. CONTRIBUTION OF AGRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS TO GRAIN YIELD

SUMMARY When water stress develops post-anthesis, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants have to rely increasingly on remobilization of previously stored assimilates to maintain grain filling. In two-year field trials, we studied more than 20 agronomic and developmental traits in 61 wheat genotypes (27 F4:5 families, 17 parents used for the crosses and 17 standards), comparing plants that were defoliated (DP) by cutting off all leaf blades 10 days after anthesis with intact control plants (CP). Estimated contributions of stem and sheath assimilate reserves to grain weight/spike were from 10–54% and from 24–84% in CP and DP plants, respectively. Stem-related traits were among key traits determining stem reserve contribution (SRC). The most important genetic variables in differentiating genotypes for stress tolerance were biomass/stem, stem reserves mobilization efficiency and grain filling rate (GFR). Balance among traits related to yield maintenance in DP were more important than their high values. In general F4:5 families (FAM), that had been crossed to combine typical breeding traits such as biomass and yield components, showed better tolerance under moderate stress than standards and parents.
Flake Diets and Larval Crustacean Culture

Abstract Initial flake tests were conducted with Macrobrachium rosenbergii to assess larval acceptance and variance at Stages I-X. All formula flakes tested were acceptable to the larvae. Generally, light colored flakes were better accepted than darker flakes. Flake preparations did not totally replace tuna flesh in the larval diets nor did flakes affect total quantity of Artemia required, but these tests indicate a role for such fabricated food particles in larval animal culture systems.
Investigating the Relationship between Management Skills of Managers and their Effectiveness in Primary Schools of Baharestan

This survey aims to explain relationship between management skills of managers and their effectiveness in primary schools of Baharestan. Skills of managers are discussed based on Robert Karts view including triple skills of technical, humanitarian and cognitive skills. Statistical society includes all teachers of primary schools (1300 individual) of Baharestan in academic year 2011-2012. Sample volume including 297 male and female teachers were determined by H.S. Bola formula and selected by multi-level cluster sampling method. To measure research data, management skills questionnaire and effectiveness questionnaire including 30-question questionnaire of Alagheh Band were used. Reliability of management skill questionnaire was measured by Cronbach'sAlpha and was 95% for manager’s skills questionnaire and 94% for effectiveness questionnaire. In this research validity of both questionnaires was acquired by confirmation of 5 experts. To describe data, descriptive indexes such as Pierson correlation, independent t-parameter and multi-variable regression analysis were used. Results of the study show that there is a meaningful relationship between triple skills of managers and their effectiveness in primary schools of Baharestan, increase of each skill will increase effectiveness of organization. Male managers are more effective than females and high management experiences of manager cause more effective management.
GLYCOGEN METABOLISM IN MUSCLE AND ITS EFFECTS ON MEAT QUALITY IN PIGS - A MINI REVIEW*

The review is aimed at presenting the state of current knowledge into the structure of a glycogen molecule as well as its synthesis and degradation during post mortem changes in muscle tissue. Currently-accepted model of the structure of glycogen molecule is that suggested by Whelan [Immonen, 2000; & Poso Puolanne. 2005 ]. It has been demonstrated that the structure of a molecule is very well adjusted to the functioning of glycogen in muscles through strong packing of glucose panicles and that glucose is well available for glycogenolytic enzymes due to strongly branched structure. The review provides results of research ai pigs referring to the analysis of a variety of interactions of factors (mainly genetic ones, as HAL n /RYR T and RN- genes) on the activity of enzymes related with synthesis and degradation of glycogen in muscles. Recent results of research into factors affecting the activity of glycogen debranching enzyme have shown that fast chilling of carcass is likely to limit the occurrence of PSE defect. Another aspect described in the review is the effect of residual glycogen on meat quality, whose occurrence has been reported in both pigs and cattle. It has been shown to lower the yield of meat in cooking, to affect a decrease in protein content of muscle tissue and to influence the sensory quality of meat.
Demographic and growth responses of a guerrilla and a phalanx perennial grass in competitive mixtures

The advantages of guerrilla and phalanx growth for the guerrilla Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus and phalanx E. l. ssp. wawawaiensis were evaluated over 2 years in two taxon mixtures with a range of densities of each subspecies and under two levels of watering. Ramet numbers and biomass of the guerrilla subspecies were higher than those of the phalanx grass in the first year but in the second year declined greatly, while the phalanx grass showed no change in biomass and an increase in ramet numbers. High neighbour densities affected the phalanx subspecies more strongly than the guerrilla subspecies in the first year, but in the second year there were few differences between subspecies. Biomass of the guerrilla grass remained greater than that of the phalanx grass but ramet numbers were similar in the second year. For both subspecies in both years, probability of flowering decreased at higher neighbour densities, indicating adaptation for competitive ability. In the first year, biomass was more strongly reduced by densities than flowering was, but in the second year, when crowding was apparently greater, flowering was more severely affected. Genet survival was high and similar for both subspecies. The presumed advantage of guerrilla subspecies in exploiting open space was supported. The guerrilla grass exploited resources more quickly in the first year by faster growth and greater ramet production, but its biomass, ramet numbers and rhizome growth, and thus its advantage, were reduced in the second year. The phalanx subspecies had slower growth, produced more ramets in later years, and delayed flowering until later years. Although less able to exploit open resources, it appeared adapted to more stressful conditions, and may be able to exploit temporal resource pulses more effectively.