Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some Insights into the Role of Social Media in Political Communication

Political communication in the social media network of Twitter has enjoyed a popularity increase in recent years. This also meant that the microblogging platform Twitter is now used in different countries for political campaigns as well as political discussions. For this study we collected data from more than 1,400 politicians in three countries Australia, Germany and the U.S. through the Twitter API. This data set with nearly one million tweets is the basis for our analyses, where we compare the behavior of the politicians on Twitter regarding differences and similarities in the political context. Amongst others we compare key figures concerning the year of joining, age groups, gender, user activity, and trend topics in the named parliaments. Thus we gain insight into the political communication on Twitter in the mentioned countries.
Constitutional trisomy 8p11.21‐q11.21 mosaicism: a germline alteration predisposing to myeloid leukaemia

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) is a unique myeloproliferative disorder of early childhood. Frequently, mutations in NRAS, KRAS, PTPN11, NF1 or CBL are found in these patients. Monosomy 7 is the most common cytogenetic aberration. To identify submicroscopic genomic copy number alterations, 20 JMML samples were analysed by comparative genomic hybridization. Ten out of 20 samples displayed additional submicroscopic alterations. In two patients, an almost identical gain of chromosome 8 was identified. In both patients, fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed a constitutional partial trisomy 8 mosaic (cT8M). A survey on 27 cT8M patients with neoplasms showed that 21 had myeloid malignancies, and five of these had a JMML. Notably, the region gained in our cases is the smallest gain of chromosome 8 reported in cT8M cases with malignancies so far. Our results dramatically reduce the critical region to 8p11.21q11. 21 harbouring 31 protein coding genes and two non‐coding RNAs, e.g. MYST3, IKBKB, UBE2V2, GOLGA7, FNTA and MIR486– a finding with potential implications for the role of somatic trisomy 8 in myeloid malignancies. Further investigations are required to more comprehensively determine how constitutional partial trisomy 8 mosaicisms may contribute to leukaemogenesis in different mutational subtypes of JMML and other myeloid malignancies.
Reliability of fine pitch Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu flip chip solder joints with different connection pads

The reliability of fine pitch Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu flip chip solder joints with different pads on print circuit boards (PCBs) was studied through thermal cycling. Three different pads were studied, i.e. bare pads, pads with solder masks and pads with micro-via. After assembly, (Au,Ni)Sn4 intermetallics (IMCs) formed both in the bulk solder and at the interfaces due to the immersion-Au finish on the board side. The (Au,Ni)Sn4 IMCs formed in the solder joints on the pads with micro-via were more abundant than those formed in the solder joints on the pads without micro-via. Results showed that the solder joints on the pads with a micro-via had poor reliability due to insufficient solder volume and the formation of large amounts of (Au,Ni)Sn4 IMCs. For the pads with micro-via, the main location of failure was at the (Au,Ni)Sn4/solder interface on the chip side, and for the solder joints on bare pads and pads with solder mask, the possible failure location was in the bulk solder
Dual expression of mouse and rat VRL-1 in the dorsal root ganglion derived cell line F-11 and biochemical analysis of VRL-1 after heterologous expression.

The vanilloid-like TRP-channel VRL-1 (TRPV2) is a nonselective cation channel expressed by primary sensory neurons and non-neuronal tissues [Caterina, M.J., Rosen, T.A. , Tominaga, M. , Brake, A.J and Julius, D. (1999) Nature 398, 436-441]. It is one of the six members of the vanilloid-like TRP-channel family which is now termed the TRPV family [Montell, G. , Birnbaumer, L. , Flockerzi, V. , Bindels, R.J., Brutford, E.A. , Caterina, M.J., Clapham, D.E. , Harteneck, C. , Heller, S. , Julius, D. , Kojima, I. , Mori, Y. , Penner, R. , Prawitt, D. , Scharenberg, A.M., Schultz, G. , Shimizu, N. and Zhu, M.X. (2002) Mol. Cell 2, 229-231]. As it is a temperature-gated channel, VRL-1 appears to be functionally related to VR1. In contrast to VR1, VRL-1 is activated at a higher temperature threshold and it does not respond to capsaicin or protons. Here we describe the expression of VRL-1 in the rat dorsal root ganglion-derived cell line F-11, a hybridoma of mouse neuroblastoma (N18TG2) and rat dorsal root ganglion cells. We found by RT-PCR that F-11 cells express not only the rat VRL-1, but also its mouse orthologue in a single cell. The F-11 parental cell line N18TG2 also expressed murine VRL-1. Due to its neuronal character, the DRG-derived F-11 cell line provides an experimental system for the study of VRL-1 biochemistry. However, one has to be aware that both the mouse and the rat protein are expressed simultaneously. Furthermore we cloned VRL-1 from rat brain and analyzed its glycosylation and localization in comparison to the endogenously expressed protein in F-11 cells. In contrast to the endogenous VRL-1 the overexpressed protein is glycosylated. Similar to VR1 the glycosylation is N-linked as shown by an deglycosylation assay. Immunofluorescence analysis of the endogenous VRL-1 in F-11 cells gives only weak signals in the cytoplasm whereas the overexpressed rat VRL-1 appears mainly at the plasma membrane.
Cybersecurity in Distributed Power Systems

This paper presents the application of cybersecurity to the operation and control of distributed electric power systems. In particular, the paper emphasizes the role of cybersecurity in the operation of microgrids and analyzes the dependencies of microgrid control and operation on information and communication technologies for cybersecurity. The paper discusses common cyber vulnerabilities in distributed electric power systems and presents the implications of cyber incidents on physical processes in microgrids. The paper examines the impacts of potential risks attributed to cyberattacks on microgrids and presents the affordable technologies for mitigating such risks. In addition, the paper presents a minimax-regret approach for minimizing the impending risks in managing microgrids. The paper also presents the opportunities provided by software-defined networking technologies to enhance the security of microgrid operations. It is concluded that cybersecurity could play a significant role in managing microgrid operations as microgrids strive for a higher degree of resilience as they supply power services to customers.
GLUCURONIDATION CONVERTS GEMFIBROZIL TO A POTENT, METABOLISM-DEPENDENT INHIBITOR OF CYP2C8: IMPLICATIONS FOR DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS

Gemfibrozil more potently inhibits CYP2C9 than CYP2C8 in vitro, and yet the opposite inhibitory potency is observed in the clinic. To investigate this apparent paradox, we evaluated both gemfibrozil and its major metabolite, an acyl-glucuronide (gemfibrozil 1-O-β-glucuronide) as direct-acting and metabolism-dependent inhibitors of the major drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4) in human liver microsomes. Gemfibrozil most potently inhibited CYP2C9 (IC50 of 30 μM), whereas gemfibrozil glucuronide most potently inhibited CYP2C8 (IC50 of 24 μM). Unexpectedly, gemfibrozil glucuronide, but not gemfibrozil, was found to be a metabolism-dependent inhibitor of CYP2C8 only. The IC50 for inhibition of CYP2C8 by gemfibrozil glucuronide decreased from 24 μM to 1.8 μM after a 30-min incubation with human liver microsomes and NADPH. Inactivation of CYP2C8 by gemfibrozil glucuronide required NADPH, and proceeded with a KI (inhibitor concentration that supports half the maximal rate of enzyme inactivation) of 20 to 52 μM and a kinact (maximal rate of inactivation) of 0.21 min–1. Potent inhibition of CYP2C8 was also achieved by first incubating gemfibrozil with alamethicin-activated human liver microsomes and UDP-glucuronic acid (to form gemfibrozil glucuronide), followed by a second incubation with NADPH. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis established that human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP2C8 both convert gemfibrozil glucuronide to a hydroxylated metabolite, with oxidative metabolism occurring on the dimethylphenoxy moiety (the group furthest from the glucuronide moiety). The results described have important implications for the mechanism of the clinical interaction reported between gemfibrozil and CYP2C8 substrates such as cerivastatin, repaglinide, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone.
Impact of Overexcitation Limiters on the Power System Stability Margin Under Stressed Conditions

This paper investigates the impact of the overexcitation limiters (OELs) on the stability margin of a power system which is operating under stressed conditions. Several OEL modeling approaches are presented and the effect of their action has been examined in model power systems. It is realized that, more often than not, OEL operating status goes undetected by existing dynamic security assessment tools commonly used in the industry. It is found that the identification and accurate representation of OELs lead to significantly different transient stability margins. Unscented Kalman filtering is used to detect the OEL activation events. In the context of stressed system operation, such quantitative assessment is very useful for system control. This understanding is further reinforced through detailed studies in two model power systems.
Evaluation of the Edwards SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Valve For Aortic Stenosis

SUMMARY Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a viable alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis. The SAPIEN 3 is the latest generation of balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve, designed to address some of the shortcomings of earlier versions of transcatheter heart valves. It has a lower device profile to reduce access-related vascular injury, an improved delivery catheter to facilitate accurate implantation, and incorporates an additional outer sealing cuff to minimize paravalvular leakage. The latest European and North American trials using SAPIEN 3 have documented very low rates of vascular complications and paravalvular regurgitation with rates of stroke and mortality rates lower than anticipated with SAVR in both intermediate and high surgical risk patients.
Trombektoomia ägeda ajuinfarkti korral

29.11. 2012 kell 10.30 toi politsei 54aastase meespatsiendi TU Kliinikumi erakorralise meditsi ini osakonda. Patsient leiti oma autost maanteelt kone- ja liikumisvoimetuna, politsei kahtlustas joovet. Tunnistajate sonul tootas patsient kuttefirmas ja haigestumise hommikul oli ta suundumas toole. Haigestumise hetkest alates oli hinnanguliselt moodunud 1–1,5 tundi. Eesti Arst 2013; 92(2):98–101
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—BASIC SCIENCE: A Nitric Oxide‐Releasing PDE5 Inhibitor Relaxes Human Corpus Cavernosum in the Absence of Endogenous Nitric Oxide

ABSTRACT Introduction In conditions with severe deficiency of endogenous nitric oxide (NO), such as long‐term diabetes and cavernosal nerve injury, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have reduced efficacy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. NO‐releasing PDE5 inhibitors could be an alternative therapeutic approach in such cases. Aim We therefore aimed to compare sildenafil and NO‐releasing sildenafil (NCX‐911) in relaxing human corpus cavernosum in the absence or presence of endogenous NO. Methods The two compounds were compared in reducing the phenylephrine‐induced tone of human corpus cavernosum in the presence or absence of an inhibitor of NO synthase (L‐NAME; 500 µM) or an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (ODQ, 10 µM). Results NCX‐911 was as potent as sildenafil in control conditions (EC 50 = 733.1 ± 94.4 nM and 800.7 ± 155.8 nM, respectively). The potency of NCX‐911 was not altered but that of sildenafil decreased significantly in the presence of L‐NAME (EC 50 = 980.4 ± 106.7 nM and 2446.7 ± 256.8 nM, respectively; P 50 = 6578 ± 1150 nM and 6488 ± 938 nM for NCX‐911 and sildenafil, respectively). Conclusion These results show that the potency of NCX‐911 was maintained unlike sildenafil in the absence of endogenous NO confirming the potential use of NO‐releasing PDE5 inhibitors in NO‐deficient conditions.
EULAR recommendations for calcium pyrophosphate deposition. Part II: Management

Objectives To develop evidence-based recommendations for management of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD). Methods A multidisciplinary guideline development group of 15 experts, representing 10 European countries, generated key propositions for management of CPPD using a Delphi consensus approach. For each recommendation research evidence was searched systematically. Whenever possible, the effect size and number needed to treat for efficacy and RR or OR for side effects were calculated for individual treatment modalities. Strength of recommendation was assessed by the European League Against Rheumatism visual analogue scale. Results Nine key recommendations were generated, including topics for general management, treatment of acute attacks, prophylaxis against recurrent acute attacks and management of chronic symptoms. It was recommended that optimal treatment requires both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. For acute CPP crystal arthritis, cool packs, temporary rest and joint aspiration combined with steroid injection are often sufficient. For prophylaxis or chronic inflammatory arthritis with CPPD, oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with gastroprotective treatment and/or low-dose colchicine 0.5–1.0 mg daily may be used. Other recommendations included parenteral or oral corticosteroid for acute CPP arthritis in those unresponsive or unsuited to other measures, and low-dose corticosteroid, methotrexate or hydroxychloroquine for chronic inflammatory arthritis with CPPD. Asymptomatic CPPD requires no treatment. Strength of recommendations varies from 79% to 95%. Conclusion Nine key recommendations for management of CPP crystal associated arthritis were developed using both research evidence and expert consensus. Strength of recommendations was provided to assist the application of these recommendations.
Data mining techniques in video games

Debido a los diferentes modelos de negocio utilizados en torno a los videojuegos, ha aumentado la necesidad de conocer los gustos y mejorar la experiencia de los jugadores con el objetivo de aumentar las ganancias. Una de las razones por la que una persona deja de jugar es debido a la frustracion que le causa no poder avanzar; por ello, tener el balance adecuado de dificultad es fundamental. El enfoque llamado banda de caucho es uno de los mas populares para el ajuste de dificultad en videojuegos, el cual crea un vinculo entre el jugador y sus enemigos. Asi, dependiendo de las habilidades demostradas por el jugador, la dificultad del juego es perzonalizada [46]. A traves de la mineria de datos es posible recuperar informacion vital producida por los jugadores para la toma de decisiones, pruebas, mejora del diseno e investigacion. Este trabajo de fin de Master se centra en el analisis de videojuegos y la aplicacion de tecnicas de mineria de datos para la clasificacion del comportamiento de los usuarios y la personalizacion del juego.
A new serine/threonine protein kinase, Omphk1, essential to ventral body wall formation

Here, we report a new serine/threonine protein kinase of the SNF1 subfamily Omphk1. Two Omphk homologues exist in each vertebrate species, and one homologue exists in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans; the kinase domain is highly conserved among these homologues, and several domains are conserved among vertebrate Omphk. Omphk1 expression dynamically changes in the developing central nervous system, is found ubiquitously in epidermis, and is present uniquely in several other tissues. Its expression is also found in each tissue associated with the ventral body wall closure: the primary body wall composed of primitive ectoderm and each component of the secondary body wall. Concomitantly, its null mutant exhibits omphalocele with a failure in closure of the secondary body wall. There are no apparent gross morphological defects in brain, however, despite the unique Omphk1 expression in this tissue. Developmental Dynamics 235:2229–2237, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of logic locking

The globalization of integrated circuit (IC) supply chain and the emergence of threats, such as intellectual property (IP) piracy, reverse engineering, and hardware Trojans, have forced semiconductor companies to revisit the trust in the supply chain. Logic locking is emerging as a popular and effective countermeasure against these threats. Over the years, multiple logic techniques have been developed. Moreover, a number of attacks have been proposed that expose the security vulnerabilities of these techniques. This paper highlights the key developments in the logic locking research and presents a comprehensive literature review of logic locking.
Service Oriented Architectures without Openness - A Contradiction of Terms. Reflection on the Norwegian Situation.

Interoperability of eGovernment services is high on the agenda of the European Union. A look at the situation in Norway in the domain of learning, education and training shows that development of services are hindered by a poor understanding of the need for open and transparent processes. This paper looks into the conversational frameworks that are needed to implement the European and national goals on service oriented architectures in the educational sector. The case of the UK Australian e-framework for education and research is studied to understand more of the conceptual work that underpins this kind of activities
Iron in neuronal function and dysfunction

Iron (Fe) is an essential element for many metabolic processes, serving as a cofactor for heme and nonheme proteins. Cellular iron deficiency arrests cell growth and leads to cell death; however, like most transition metals, an excess of intracellular iron is toxic. The ability of Fe to accept and donate electrons can lead to the formation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, and oxidative damage to tissue components; contributing to disease and, perhaps, aging itself. It has also been suggested that iron‐induced oxidative stress can play a key role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Iron progressively accumulates in the brain both during normal aging and neurodegenerative processes. However, iron accumulation occurs without the concomitant increase in tissue ferritin, which could increase the risk of oxidative stress. Moreover, high iron concentrations in the brain have been consistently observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this regard, metalloneurobiology has become extremely important in understanding the role of iron in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurons have developed several protective mechanisms against oxidative stress, among them the activation of cellular signaling pathways. The final response will depend on the identity, intensity, and persistence of the oxidative insult. The characterization of the mechanisms involved in high iron induced in neuronal dysfunction and death is central to understanding the pathology of a number of neurodegenerative disorders.
EVIDENCE THAT NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION BY IN VIVO ALLOSENSITIZED CELLS INHIBITS THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALLOSPECIFIC CTL

The oxidative metabolism of L-arginine to its bioactive product, nitric oxide (.N = O) has been shown to inhibit rat splenocyte mixed lymphocyte reactions. To determine if alloantigen-induced . N = O production might be operative in vivo, cells that had infiltrated a rat sponge matrix allograft were tested for de novo . N = O production as well as . N = O production upon restimulation with the sensitizing alloantigen. When graft-infiltrating cells were placed in culture, a peak in de novo . N = O production was observed by day 6 graft-infiltrating cells, the time when donor-specific CTL activity by the graft-infiltrating cells was first observed. Upon restimulation with alloantigen, allograft-infiltrating cells produced greatly increased levels of . N = O, and this production was associated with inhibition of lymphocyte cytolytic function. The addition of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMA), the competitive inhibitor of oxidative L-arginine metabolism, inhibited . N = O production and promoted allospecific CTL development. Both observed effects of NMA were reversed by addition of excess L-arginine. Cytokine(s) able to induce proliferation of the IL-2-dependent T cell line CTLL-2 could be detected in alloantigen-stimulated cultures in both the presence and absence of NMA. However, proliferation of the graft-infiltrating cells in response to these cytokines was observed only in the presence of NMA. The immunosuppressive macrolide FK506 was a potent inhibitor of . N = O production in these cultures, presumably acting by inhibiting the production of those cytokines that induce the oxidative L-arginine pathway.
A Review on Antenna Radiation Pattern Synthesis

In recent communication systems side lobe level reduction has become one of the important issue. For applications like digital beam forming it is one of the important factor because it reduces the effect of interference arriving outside the main lobe. This reduction in the interference increases the capacity of the communication systems. This paper presents the different methods for reducing the side lobe level and increasing the directivity. In several occasions a single element antenna is unable to meet the gain or highly directive radiation pattern requirements especially suited for long distance communication. Antenna arrays are formed to circumvent such problems by combining many individual antenna elements in certain electrical and geometrical configurations. The purpose of this research is to synthesize the radiation pattern for the design of different phased array structures considering the optimization process by using the natural computing to achieve the higher directivity with minimizing the side lobe level.
A Soluble Active Mutant of HIV-1 Integrase

Structural studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase have been impeded by the low solubility of the protein. By systematic replacement of hydrophobic residues, we previously identified a single amino acid change (F185K) that dramatically improved the solubility of the catalytic domain of HIV-1 integrase and enabled the structure to be determined by x-ray crystallography. We have introduced the same mutation into full-length HIV-1 integrase. The resulting recombinant protein is soluble and fully active in vitro, whereas, HIV-1 carrying the mutation is replication-defective due to improper virus assembly. Analysis of the recombinant protein by gel filtration and sedimentation equilibrium demonstrate a dimer-tetramer self-association. We find that the regions involved in multimerization map to both the catalytic core and carboxyl-terminal domains. The dramatically improved solubility of this protein make it a good candidate for structural studies.