Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
J un 2 01 6 Monte Carlo Set-Membership Filtering for Nonlinear Dynamic Systems

When underlying probability density functions of nonlinea r dynamic systems are unknown, the filtering problem is known to be a challenging problem. This pap er attempts to make progress on this problem by proposing a new class of filtering methods in bound ed noise setting via set-membership theory and Monte Carlo (boundary) sampling technique, called M onte Carlo set-membership filter. The set-membership prediction and measurement update are deri v by recent convex optimization methods based on S-procedure and Schur complement. To guarantee the on-line usage, the nonlinear dynamics are linearized about the current estimate and the remainder terms are then bounded by an optimization ellipsoid, which can be described as a semi-infinite optimiz ation problem. In general, it is an analytically intractable problem when dynamic systems are nonlinear. Ho wever, for a typical nonlinear dynamic system in target tracking, we can analytically derive some regu lar properties for the remainder. Moreover, based on the remainder properties and the inverse function t heorem, the semi-infinite optimization problem can be efficiently solved by Monte Carlo boundary samplin g technique. Compared with the particle filter, numerical examples show that when the probability de nsity functions of noises are unknown, the performance of the Monte Carlo set-membership filter is bett er than that of the particle filter. keywords: Nonlinear dynamic systems; target tracking; set-membersh ip filter; particle filter; Monte Carlo set-membership filter.
Usefulness of immunohistochemical indicators for diagnosis and prognosis of poorly differentiated tumours

Abstract Immunohistochemical studies have become an indispensable element of establishing the correct histopathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated lesions, proving particularly suitable, and occasionally indispensable, for diagnosis of poorly differentiated neoplastic tumours. Knowledge of the mechanism of action and normal reaction of individual proteins is required in selection of the antibody pattern for a given tissue and in evaluation of the obtained results. This paper aims to promote the application of immunohistochemical techniques in routine diagnosis, especially in cases of poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumours.
Vocal Mimicry of Alarm-Associated Sounds by a Drongo Elicits Flee and Mobbing Responses from Other Species that Participate in Mixed-Species Bird Flocks

A growing number of studies have shown that vocal mimicry appears to be adaptive for some bird species, although the exact function of this behaviour varies among species. Previous work has looked at the function of the vocal mimicry of non-alarm sounds by the Greater Racket-tailed Drongo (Dicurus paradiseus). But drongos also imitate sounds associated with danger, such as predators' vocalisations or the mobbing-specific vocalisations of other prey species, raising the question of whether the function of mimicry can vary even within a species. In a playback experiment, we compared the effect on other species of different drongo vocalisations including: (1) predator mimicry, (2) mobbing mimicry, (3) drongo species-specific alarms, (4) drongo species-specific non-alarms and (5) a control (barbet) sound. Both mobbing mimicry and drongo species-specific alarms elicited flee responses from the most numerous species in the flocks, the Orange-billed Babbler (Turdoides rufescens). Mobbing mimicry also elicited mobbing responses from the Orange-billed Babbler and from another gregarious babbler, the Ashy-headed Laughingthrush (Garrulax cinereifrons); when responses from both species were considered together, they were elicited at a significantly higher level by mobbing mimicry than by the barbet control, and a level that tended to be higher (0.07lpl0.10) than the response to drongo-specific alarms. Predator mimicry elicited flee and mobbing responses at an intermediary level. Our results support the hypotheses that mobbing mimicry is a specific category of mimicry that helps attract the aid of heterospecifics during mobbing and that alarm mimicry can in some cases be beneficial to the caller.
Asymmetric Correlations between English Verb Transitivity and Stress

It is well-known that lexical categories a↵ect phonological behaviour (Smith 2011). Perhaps the most famous example of this is the stress asymmetry between nouns and verbs in English (Chomsky and Halle 1968): English disyllabic nouns tend to be trochaic while the verbs are iambic. Compare, for example, compress the noun with compress the verb. This statistical tendency is extremely strong; according to Kelly and Bock (1988)’s lexical counts, 94% of such nouns are trochaic, versus 31% of the disyllabic verbs. A possible account for this stress asymmetry proposed by Kelly and Bock (1988) and Kelly (1988) is that lexical stress is influenced by prosodic environment. Nouns are more likely to occur in environments that favour trochaic stress since they often follow unstressed determiners, for example. Verbs are more likely to occur in environments that favour iambic stress since they are often followed by unstressed su xes, among other factors. This approach makes no direct reference to the lexical categories of noun and verb and in fact predicts that finer-grained lexical categories with di↵ering prosodic contexts may display di↵erent stress behaviour. In particular, since transitive verbs are often followed by the unstressed determiner of their direct object, we might expect that transitive verbs are more likely to be iambic than intransitive verbs. I show in this paper that this prediction is borne out in English through a statistical analysis of English disyllabic verbs in the CELEX corpus (Baayen et al. 1995). I then explore an additional mechanism by which prosodic context may influence word stress: the avoidance of phrase-final stress, which is attested cross-linguistically (Gordon 2000). I show that the likelihood for a disyllabic stem to be trochaic correlates with the frequency with which it occurs phrase-finally. I then propose a grammatical analysis based on Optimal Paradigms (McCarthy 2005) that synchronically captures these e↵ects, and explore its typological predictions.
Minimal co-volume hyperbolic lattices, II: Simple torsion in a Kleinian group

This paper represents the nal step in solving the problem, posed by Siegel in 1945, of determining the minimal co-volume lattices of hyperbolic 3-space H (also Problem 3.60 (F) in the Kirby problem list from 1993). Here we identify the two smallest co-volume lattices. Both these groups are two-generator arithmetic lattices, generated by two elements of nite orders 2 and 3. Their co-volumes are 0:0390::: and 0:0408::: ; the precise values are given in terms of the Dedekind zeta function of a number eld via a formula of Borel. Our earlier work dealt with the cases when there is a nite spherical subgroup or high order torsion in the lattice. Thus, here we are concerned with the study of simple torsion of low order and the geometric structure of Klein 4-subgroups of a Kleinian group. We also identify certain universal geometric constraints imposed by discreteness on Kleinian groups which are of independent interest. To obtain these results we use a range of geometric and arithmetic criteria to obtain information on the structure of the singular set of the associated orbifold and then co-volume bounds by studying equivariant neighbourhoods of xed point sets, together with a rigorous computer search of certain parameter spaces for two-generator Kleinian groups.
Playing for high steaks: market structure and purchaser-led sustainability initiatives in the UK beef sector

Large purchasers, or “focal organisations”, exert considerable control over their value chains, particularly in the food sector. This paper draws on original qualitative research about the UK beef sector to explore how large purchasers are organising supply-chain eco-innovation. Livestock farming affects environmental sustainability in a number of ways and various initiatives aim to address these challenges. Through a ‘fine-grained’ analysis, focused on the organisational diversity of supply-chains within a single product group, we analyse how supply-chain structure conditions eco-innovative activity initiated by large purchasers. The paper extends the theory on buyer-driven commodity chains by considering how eco-innovation is influenced by the commercial importance of a product, as well as factors beyond the immediate supply-chain, such as government policy and consumer expectations. The paper concludes that although major retailers use their purchasing power to exert control over provision, they do not necessarily play a role in the governance of supply-chain eco-innovation.
Semi-Inner Products and the Numerical Radius of Bounded Linear Operators in Hilbert Spaces

The main aim of this paper is to establish some connections that exist between the numerical radius w (A) , operator norm ‖A‖ and the semiinner products 〈A, I〉p,n and 〈A, I〉p,w with p ∈ {i, s} that can be naturally defined on the Banach algebra B (H) of all bounded linear operators defined on a Hilbert space H. Reverse inequalities that provide upper bounds for the nonnegative quantities ‖A‖ − w (A) and w (A) − 〈A, I〉p,n under various assumptions for the operator A are also given.
Compact Tri-Band Meandered Ring Monopole Antenna with Two Embedded Strips for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

A novel coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed tri-band monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications is presented. To get a compact antenna size, meandering and coupling technologies are used here. Meanwhile, with the loading method, the higher mode is used to cover the required band. The antenna has a very small size of only 18£28mm 2 . The measured and simulated results show that the proposed antenna has three separate 10-dB impedance bandwidths of 220MHz (2.36{2.58GHz), 470MHz (3.36{3.83GHz) and 1460MHz (4.83{6.29GHz), which can cover all the 2.4/5.2/5.8GHz WLAN and 3.5/5.5GHz WiMAX bands. Good dipole-like radiation characteristics are obtained over the operating bands.
Direct Numerical Simulations of Magnetic Helicity Conserving Astrophysical Dynamos

Here we present direct numerical simulations of a shearing box which models the MHD turbulence in astrophysical systems with cylindrical geometries. The purpose of these simulations is to detect the source of the electromotive force the driver of large scale magnetic field evolution. This electromotive force is responsible for the large scale dynamo action which builds and maintains the magnetic field against dissipation in plasmas. We compare the estimates of the electromotive force from the kinematic approximation of mean field theory the most prevalent theory for astrophysical dynamos with a modified version of mean field theory which restricts the electromotive force by the consideration of magnetic helicity conservation. We will show that in general the kinematic approximation overestimates the observed electromotive force for the majority of the simulation, while the term derived from the helicity conservation estimates the electromotive force very well. We will also illustrate the importance of the shear in the fluid to the growth and strength of the resulting large scale magnetic field. Too strong and the small scale dynamo does not grow enough to properly seed a strong large scale dynamo. Too weak, and no large scale magnetic field is observed after the small scale dynamo has saturated. Finally, we will find that in order to maintain the strength of the emerged large scale magnetic dynamo we require a magnetic Prandtl number (Pr ≡ ν/η) that is at least an order of magnitude above unity.
Calibration of thickness-dependent k-factors for germanium X-ray lines to improve energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of SiGe layers in analytical transmission electron microscopy

We show that the accuracy of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy can be improved by analysing and comparing multiple lines from the same element. For each line, an effective k-factor can be defined that varies as a function of the intensity ratio of multiple lines (e.g. K/L) from the same element. This basically performs an internal self-consistency check in the quantification using differently absorbed X-ray lines, which is in principle equivalent to an absorption correction as a function of specimen thickness but has the practical advantage that the specimen thickness itself does not actually need to be measured.
FGCs and adult social care

This chapter addresses the use of Family Group Conferencing in adult social care. For FGCs with adults, professional guidance and legislation has been supportive from the beginning. Advocates of FGCs welcome guidance and the introduction of key concepts such as personalisation, wellbeing, and person-centred approaches. Indeed, the foundations are in place for FGCs to become an embedded part of adult social care policy and service delivery for vulnerable adults. The messages from research are clear: FGCs offer the potential to engage families for the benefit of vulnerable adults consistent with the underlying principles of legislation and policy. For this to pick up speed and for the practice of FGCs in the UK to develop, it is important for FGCs to roll out into a wider range of adult settings such as adult mental health, and among more populations, including offenders, prisoners, and homeless people.
Jörgensen’s inequality and purely loxodromic two-generator free Kleinian groups

Let $\xi$ and $\eta$ be two non--commuting isometries of the hyperbolic $3$--space $\mathbb{H}^3$ so that $\Gamma=\langle\xi,\eta\rangle$ is a purely loxodromic free Kleinian group. For $\gamma\in\Gamma$ and $z\in\mathbb{H}^3$, let $d_{\gamma}z$ denote the distance between $z$ and $\gamma\cdot z$. Let $z_1$ and $z_2$ be the mid-points of the shortest geodesic segments connecting the axes of $\xi$, $\eta\xi\eta^{-1}$ and $\eta^{-1}\xi\eta$, respectively. In this manuscript it is proved that if $d_{\gamma}z_2<1.6068. $ for every $\gamma\in\{\eta, \xi^{-1}\eta\xi, \xi\eta\xi^{-1}\}$ and $d_{\eta\xi\eta^{-1}}z_2\leq d_{\eta\xi\eta^{-1}}z_1$, then \[ |\text{trace}^2(\xi)-4|+|\text{trace}(\xi\eta\xi^{-1}\eta^{-1})-2|\geq 2\sinh^2\left(\tfrac{1}{4}\log\alpha\right) = 1.5937. \] Above $\alpha=24.8692. $ is the unique real root of the polynomial $21 x^4 - 496 x^3 - 654 x^2 + 24 x + 81$ that is greater than $9$. Also generalisations of this inequality for finitely generated purely loxodromic free Kleinian groups are conjectured.
Recommendations for theManagement of Adults With Diabetes

A healthful eating pattern, regular physical activity, and often pharmacotherapy are key components of diabetes management. For many individuals with diabetes, the most challenging part of the treatment plan is determining what to eat. It is the position of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) that there is not a “one-size-fits-all” eating pattern for individuals with diabetes. The ADA also recognizes the integral role of nutrition therapy in overall diabetes management and has historically recommended that each person with diabetes be actively engaged in self-management, education, and treatment planning with his or her health care provider, which includes the collaborative development of an individualized eating plan (1,2). Therefore, it is important that all members of the health care team be knowledgeable about diabetes nutrition therapy and support its implementation. This position statement on nutrition therapy for individuals living with diabetes replaces previous position statements, the last of which was published in 2008 (3). Unless otherwise noted, research reviewed was limited to those studies conducted in adults diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Nutrition therapy for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and for the management of diabetes complications and gestational diabetes mellitus is not addressed in this review. Agrading system,developedby theADA and modeled after existing methods, was utilized to clarify and codify the evidence that forms the basis for the recommendations (1) (Table 1). The level of evidence that supports each recommendation is listed after the recommendation using the letters A, B, C, or E. A table linking recommendations to evidence can be reviewed at http://professional . diabetes.org/nutrition.Members of theNutrition Recommendations Writing Group Committee disclosed all potential financial conflicts of interest with industry. These disclosures were discussed at the onset of the position statement development process. Members of this committee, their employers, and their disclosed conflicts of interest are listed in the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The ADA uses general revenues to fund development of its position statements and does not rely on industry support for these purposes.
Technologies for Near-Field Focused Microwave Antennas

This paper provides a review spanning different technologies used to implement near-field focused antennas at the microwave frequency band up to a few tens of GHz: arrays of microstrip patches and printed dipoles, arrays of dielectric resonator antennas, reflectarrays, transmitarrays, Fresnel zone plate lenses, leaky-wave antennas, and waveguide arrays.
Development and characterization of cefoxitin loaded D,L-PLA nanoparticles

Nanoparticles containing cefoxitin (CEF) made of D,L-PLA (PLA) were designed by a multiple emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The particles were extensively evaluated in relation to morphology, encapsulation efficiency, drug-polymer interactions as well as in vitro drug release kinetics. Nanoparticles were spherical in shape and isolated, with a mean diameter of about 600 nm. The thermal behaviour (DSC) of CEF-containing nanoparticles suggested that the drug was dispersed at a molecular level within the system. The drug encapsulation efficiency in the system for a CEF concentration of 30 mg/mL was 5.5%, as assessed after the drug extraction, by a validated HPLC method. This low encapsulation efficiency is understandable, since CEF is highly hydrophilic. The in vitro assays showed a strong sustained drug release profile from the nanoparticles with kinetics following pure Fickian diffusion. Keywords : Nanoparticles. Controlled release. D,L-PLA. Cefoxitin. In vitro release. RESUMO Desenvolvimento e Caracterizacao de Nanoparticulas de D,L-PLA contendo Cefoxitina As nanoparticulas de D, L-PLA (PLA) contendo cefoxitina (CEF) foram preparadas pelo metodo de emulsao multipla / evaporacao do solvente. As particulas foram avaliadas em relacao a morfologia, a eficiencia de encapsulacao, as interacoes polimero-farmaco, bem como a cinetica de liberacao do farmaco in vitro . As nanoparticulas sao esfericas e isoladas, com um diâmetro medio de cerca de 600 nm. O comportamento termico (DSC) das nanoparticulas contendo CEF sugeriu que o farmaco esta disperso em um nivel molecular dentro do sistema. A eficiencia de encapsulacao do farmaco no sistema quando a concentracao de CEF e 30 mg / mL foi de 5,5%, determinada apos a extracao de farmaco, atraves de um metodo de HPLC validado. Esta baixa eficiencia de encapsulacao e compreensivel, uma vez que a CEF e altamente hidrofilica. Os ensaios in vitro mostraram um perfil de liberacao do farmaco a partir das nanoparticulas fortemente sustentado e com uma cinetica de difusao Fickiana pura. Palavras-chave : Nanoparticulas. Liberacao controlada. D,L-PLA. Cefoxitina. Liberacao In vitro.
Adaptive Gain Robust Control Strategies for Uncertain Dynamical Systems

In this chapter, adaptive gain robust control strategies for uncertain dynamical sys- tems are presented. Firstly, synthesis of centralized adaptive gain robust controllers for a class of uncertain linear systems is shown. The design problem of the centralized controller is reduced to the constrained convex optimization problem, and allowable perturbation regions of unknown parameters are discussed. Next, the result for the centralized robust controller is extended to uncertain large-scale interconnected systems, that is, an LMI-based design approach for decentralized adaptive gain robust controllers is suggested.
Comparative Genotoxicity of Cadmium and Lead in

To determine genotoxicity to coelomocytes, Pheretima peguana earthworms were exposed in filter paper studies to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) for 48 h, at concentrations less than the LC10—Cd: 0.09, 0.19, 0.38, 0.75, and 1.50 μg cm−2; Pb: 1.65, 3.29, 6.58, 13.16, and 26.32 μg cm−2. For Cd at 0.75 μg cm−2, in the micronucleus test (detects chromosomal aberrations), significant increases (P < .05) in micronuclei and binucleate cells were observed, and in the comet assay (detects DNA single-strand breaks), tail DNA% was significantly increased. Lead was less toxic with minimal effects on DNA, but the binucleates were significantly increased by Pb at 3.29 μg cm−2. This study shows that Cd is more acutely toxic and sublethally genotoxic than Pb to P. peguana. Cadmium caused chromosomal aberrations and DNA single-strand breaks at 45% of the LC10 concentration. Lead, in contrast, did not induce DNA damage but caused cytokinesis defects.
Performance analysis of biogeography-based optimization for automatic voltage regulator system

A self-tuning method to determine the appropriate parameters of a proportional-integral-derivative controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system using a biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm is proposed in this study. The BBO algorithm was developed based on the theory of biogeography, which describes migration and its results. We propose that the BBO algorithm has a high-quality solution and stable convergence characteristics, and thus it improves the transient response of the controlled system. The performance of the BBO algorithm depends on the transient response, root locus, and Bode analysis. Robustness analysis is done in the AVR system, which is tuned by an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm in order to identify its response to changes in the system parameters. We compare the BBO algorithm with the ABC algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and differential evolution algorithm. The results of this comparison show that the BBO algorithm has a better tuning capability than the other optimization algorithms.
Experimental Study of Organizational Ethical Climate and Employee Silence: Based on the Theory of Psychological Expectations

The subject of employee silence has been discussed by lots of academics because of widespread behavior that employees often remain silent when they have some ideas. Drawing on the theory of psychological anticipations, we tested the relationship between organizational ethical climate and different types of employee silence by a situational simulation experiments with 482 participants, and on this basis, we tested the mediation effect of personal sense of power. Our findings suggest that, Caring ethical climate has an negative effect on defensive silence and indifference silence; Instrumental climate has positive predictive effect on three types of employee silence; Personal sense of power full mediated the relationship between Caring climate and defensive silence, instrumental climate and acquiescent silence; partial mediated the influences between caring climate and acquiescent climate, instrumental climate and defensive silence, acquiescent silence.