Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How does p53 status influence cytotoxicity during regulatory in vitro mammalian cell genotoxicity tests

The number of in vitro mammalian cell positives that do not correlate with follow-up invivo genotoxicity and carcinogenicity testing is of concern (Kirkland, et al, 2005). These misleading in vitro positives result in significant animal usage, increased cost or loss of compounds from development. Using p53 competent human cells provides more predictive data for the assessment of human hazard and risk with less misleading in vitro positives compared to traditionally used rodent cell lines that lack wild-type p53 function (Fowler, et al, 2012a). However, it remains unclear whether the species origin or p53 status of the cells impacts their ability to accurately predict genotoxicity in the in vitro mammalian cell tests. Cells lacking wild-type p53 may underestimate cytotoxicity with analysis of high concentrations genotoxiciy assessment, compared to a p53 functional cell line. Three closely related human lymphoblastoid cell lines that differ in their p53 status were tested; TK6 cells express wild-type p53, NH32 are p53 null and WTK1 overexpress mutant p53, similar to the commonly used rodent cells. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), etoposide and paclitaxel (taxol) were tested according to regulatory guidelines (OECD, 2010) and cytotoxicity determined using relative populating doubling. Relative caspase-3/7 activity was also determined as a measure for apoptosis to aid interpretation of the cytotoxicity data. NH32 were sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of EMS compared to TK6 and WTK1. In contrast NH32 underestimated cytotoxicity with etoposide compared to TK6 and WTK1. A similar cytotoxic response was observed with all three cell lines with taxol; however cytotoxicity was observed at lower concentrations in TK6. The apoptotic response to each compound in WTK1 was significantly reduced compared to TK6, which demonstrate a typical wild-type p53 response. NH32 demonstrated similar levels of apoptosis to WTK1 following etoposide and taxol treatments but was more similar to TK6 with EMS. The results showed that p53 deficient cell lines do not consistently underestimate cytotoxicity and that cytotoxicity is drug specific, therefore other factors may be more relevant to the high number of in vitro positive in p53 compromised cells. An increase in mutability with loss of wild-type p53 function is discussed which lead to the increased sensitivity observed with the rodent cells lines (Fowler, et al, 2012a). Other differences between cells of human and rodent origin are also explored, identifying relevant factors in addition to p53 status.
Health Insurance Literacy and Health Insurance Choices: Evidence from Affordable Care Act Navigator Programs

Consumers frequently make poor choices related to health insurance, such as signing up for dominated plans (in which they pay more for equivalent or worse coverage) or failing to enroll in Medicaid (which provides coverage free of charge). Billions of dollars of federal funding were spent on programs to help consumers understand their health insurance options and enroll in health insurance after the Affordable Care Act, but little is known about the effects of these programs. In particular, economists may worry that these programs could exacerbate adverse selection in private markets if they mainly helped high-cost patients self-select into insurance. Using data on the differential patterns of funding of navigator programs across states and over time, I show that generous navigator programs were associated with increased insurance uptake but similar or decreased spending per insured patient. To explain this lack of adverse selection, I use two additional national data sets to show that patients with low health insurance literacy report higher barriers to care than other patients, including barriers to using their insurance once insured. ∗University of Southern California. Email: rmyerson@healthpolicy.usc. edu. I am grateful to Tianyi Lu for excellent research assistance and to Keith Ericson, Titus Galama, Jennifer Ghandi, Erin Trush, David Slusky, and participants of the ASHEcon Annual Health Economics Conference and APPAM fall conference for helpful comments.
Some Characteristics of Employees as Risk Factors for Presenteeism

Presenteeism, or the act of attending work while sick or despite feeling unwell, is a relatively new concept in the sphere of work. It is a phenomenon that has begun to be monitored more intensively around the world in the last decade. Presenteeism can affect an employee's work in various ways and its consequences mean that it is already a problem in itself. Employers devote too little attention to it or are frequently not even aware of it. The majority of employers are in fact too often focused on the growing problem of absence from work because of sickness (absenteeism) and on eliminating the negative consequences of absenteeism, and do not (yet) see presenteeism as a problem. The research presented in this article deals with the question of the impact of employee characteristics on the phenomenon of presenteeism. The characteristics considered included ambition, financial worries, job security, sick leave and the physical and mental health of employees.
Co-viability of farmland biodiversity and agriculture

Signicant declines of farmland biodiversity have been reported in Europe since several decades. Agricultural changes have been identied as a main driver of this erosion. Although dierent agri-environmental schemes have been implemented, their positive role on biodiversity remain controversial. This questions the way to reconcile farming production and biodiversity conservation in order to operationalize a sustainable and multifunctional agriculture. To deal with such issues, the present paper proposes a bio-economic model and an analysis based on a co-viability perspective. The model couples stochastic dynamics of both biodiversity and farming land-uses selected at micro level with public policies at macro level based on nancial incentives (taxes or subsidies) for landuses. The co-viability approach allows to evaluate bio-economic risks for these public incentives through the probability to satisfy a mix of biodiversity and economic constraints throughout time. The model is calibrated and applied to metropolitan France at SAR (small agricultural regions) scale using a community of 34 common birds. The viable kernel allows to identify dierent public policies and scenarios with tolerable agro-ecological risk. It suggests how some combinations of taxes on cereals and subsidies on grasslands could be relevant. Moreover, the exibility and multi-criteria viewpoint underlying the approach can be fruitful for decision makers in the perspective of adaptive management.
The structure of a random graph at the point of the phase transition

Consider the random graph models G(n, #edges = M) and G(n, Prob(edge) = p) with M = M(n) = (1 + )n-1/3)n/2 and p = p(n) = (1 +An-1/3)/n . For 1 > -1 define an i-component of a random graph as a component which has exactly I more edges than vertices. Call an i-component with I > 1 a complex component. For both models, we show that when A is constant, the expected number of complex components is bounded, almost surely (a.s.) each of these components (if any exist) has size of order n2/3, and the maximum value of I is bounded in probability. We prove that a.s. the largest suspended tree in each complex component has size of order n2/3, and deletion of all suspended trees results in a "smoothed" graph of size of order n /3, with the maximum vertex degree 3. The total number of branching vertices, i.e., of degree 3, is bounded in probability. Thus, each complex component is almost surely topologically equivalent to a 3-regular multigraph of a uniformly bounded size. Lengths of the shortest cycle and of the shortest path between two branching vertices of a smoothed graph are each of order n /3. We find a relatively simple integral formula for the limit distribution of the numbers of complex components, which implies, in particular, that all values of the "complexity spectrum" have positive limiting probabilities. We also answer questions raised by Erdos and Renyi back in 1960. It is proven that there exists p(A), the limiting planarity probability, with 0 < p(A) < 1, p(-oo) = 1, p(oo) = 0. In particular, G(n, M) (G(n, p), resp. ) is almost surely nonplanar iff (M n/2)n-213 -* 00 ((np I)n-1/3) -+ oo, resp. ).
Speaking with Shadows: A Study of Neo-Logicism

According to the species of neo-logicism advanced by Hale and Wright, mathematical knowledge is essentially logical knowledge. Their view is found to be best understood as a set of related though independent theses: (1) neo-fregeanism—a general conception of the relation between language and reality; (2) the method of abstraction—a particular method for introducing concepts into language; (3) the scope of logic—second-order logic is logic. The criticisms of Boolos, Dummett, Field and Quine (amongst others) of these theses are explicated and assessed. The issues discussed include reductionism, rejectionism, the Julius Caesar problem, the Bad Company objections, and the charge that second-order logic is set theory in disguise. The irresistible metaphor is that pure abstract objects (. . .) are no more than shadows cast by the syntax of our discourse. And the aptness of the metaphor is enhanced by the reflection that shadows are, after their own fashion, real. (Crispin Wright (1992), p. 181-2) But I feel conscious that many a reader will scarcely recognise in the shadowy forms which I bring before him his numbers which all his life long have accompanied him as faithful and familiar friends; (Richard Dedekind (1963), p. 33)
EFL ACADEMIC READING ISSUES: MANAGING READING RATE/SPEED FRUSTRATION AND COMPREHENDING TEXTS

An issue that until recently has been “irrelevant” for me personally and for many other English teachers, is the issue of reading rate/speed. I presumably believe that most teachers have never thought of this issue because of limited time for classroom instruction or simply because as teachers, the level of reading and preparation for classroom instruction is usually plenty. EFL academic reading however, involves reading different materials in different subjects and courses and being able to “interact” with them. The issue of interacting with books and texts depends a great deal on the level of comprehension. At university studies, students are overloaded with different materials and deadlines that are in fact frustrating. Students are obliged to read “thick books” in different academic subjects and courses and are over-flooded with known and unknown terminology, both scientific and professional in the specific field of study. They now must get the most out of books and must perfectly understand course books in order to pass exams and gain overall success. For such reasons, students either learn to read faster or don’t read at all. According to Anderson (1999) “knowing how to read more efficiently and adjusting reading speed to reading task are critical to this success. (1999:56). Therefore, “increasing students’ reading rates makes them able to devote greater cognitive capacity to comprehension skills” (1999:54). The study aims at testing students’ overall comprehension skills using timed-reading activities and questionnaires over a period of 4 weeks (12 instruction hours). It will be conducted with 3 and 4 year students of the English department during their English reading instruction classes. Other matters of study will be students’ anxiety, frustration, previous experience with reading, motivation etc.
Recent advances in ultrasound imaging of breast lesions.

Ultrasonography works as an essential tool in diagnosing breast cancer. For mass screening of breast cancer, mammography is used worldwide as a main tool. However, in the screening of women with dense breasts and in detecting small cancer of the breast, ultrasonography is known to be more useful than mammography. Most Japanese women contract breast cancer in their 40s. Women in their 40s have more dense breasts than those in their 50s. It is expected that mass screening for breast cancer in the future will be done by a combined use of mammography and sonography. A randomized control trial of the combined use is being carried out at present in Japan. In recent years, the degree and distribution of tissue strain induced by tissue compression with an ultrasound device has enabled evaluation with color. The method, real-time tissue elastography, is used as an auxiliary tool in diagnosing diseases of various organs. Breast elastography images, classified into patterns and scores, have also begun to be widely used. Compared with conventional B-mode sonography, elastography is superior in specificity. Based on this fact, we have considered omitting available histological examinations for some breast lesions in the near future. Furthermore, elastography was useful in preoperative assessment of the margin of breast cancer. Further development of ultrasound elastography in the future is expected.
Regression Analysis of Coherence between Concurrent EEG-EEG and EEG CPPG Signals from Prefrontal Cortex during Music Evoked Emotions

This paper summarizes the results of experiment that focus on effect of music evoked emotions on mean squared coherence and phase coherence between two signals with same nature (electrical brain signal EEG) and the two signals with different nature (EEG and haemodynamic brain signal CPPG). Regression analysis was carried out to find out the mathematical relation between mean squared coherence and phase coherence estimated between the two signals captured from prefrontal cortex and the physiological parameters. Number of synaptic connections between the two measurement sites/signals and its strength is reflected in the coherence. It is a quantitative measure of association between the two simultaneously acquired signals as a function of frequency. Physiological parameters studied by the authors are SBP, DBP, HR, Blood Glucose and BMI. These are some of the potential biological markers closely related to emotional response. Data was collected from twenty multi-lingual subjects of both the genders with Mean age = 39.25 years and SD age = 11.625 years. No strong correlation was found between the coherence (calculated between EEG-EEG and EEG-CPPG) and the physiological parameters studied during the various emotional states. It was observed that MS Coherence between the signals with similar nature is higher than it in between the signals with dissimilar nature. T-paired test was carried out to show that the means of these two coherences is different. Coherence between EEG-EEG was compared with coherence between EEG-CPPG and it was observed that they are very different (p<0.001), were as when coherence between EEG-EEG (or EEG-CPPG) is compared with coherence between EEG-EEG (or EEG-CPPG) p-value was >0.05. This technique can be applied to wider population in the field of clinical neuroscience with or without any known neurological disorder. More connectivity measures can also be included to study music evoked emotions or stroop task.
A Review of Customer Satisfaction Factors in Libyan Housing Projects

Customer satisfaction and customer relationship are crucial aspect in any enterprises including housing construction projects. In general, the housing developers are facing a number of new challenges in different countries including Libya. The construction industries/housing developers need to continuously improve their products and services to meet customers’ satisfaction desires and to remain in the current competitive market. This paper focuses on analysing the satisfaction factors of customers including quality aspects of products and services in the construction projects. A framework was developed to evaluate the dynamics relationship between customer satisfaction and quality products or services, aiming to help companies’ managers and policy makers to understand the needs and points of view of their customers. A pragmatic analysis was conducted to explore and analyse the customer satisfaction factors in construction industry considering different aspect of customer groups in Libya. Results indicate that there is a high demand of improvements in the contractor’s performance in terms of cost, time and quality of products. It was also found that Libyan construction companies have been forced to transform their policies after on Libyan war 2011 to focus on client and customer satisfactory policies, or say centric for the purpose of improving client requirements and turn the business into more advantageous for any company.
Spectroscopic observations of blue stars with infrared excesses in NGC 6611

The young open cluster NGC 6611 includes among its candidate members a class of peculiar objects with interesting properties: blue stars with infrared IR excesses. These stars show excesses in IR bands, signature of the presence of a circumstellar disk, but optical colors typical of older field stars. In order to confirm their membership to the cluster, it is therefore important to use new spectroscopic observations, together with previous photometric data. We aim at confirming the membership of these objects and at investigating their physical properties to verify whether the observed colors are intrinsic or altered by the presence of the disk or by the accretion processes. We analyze the intermediate resolution spectroscopic data obtained for a subsample of blue stars in NGC 6611 with FLAMES. In particular, we focus on the study of: 1) the profile of the Ha emission line, to select stars with accretion and outflow activity; 2) the Li absorption line, used as a youth indicator; 3) the radial velocity. Using the spectroscopic analysis, it has been possible to investigate the presence of the Li absorption line as well as to discriminate between stars with inert or active disk. In particular, from the analysis of the Ha emission line we were able to infer the activity due to the accretion and outflow processes and the variability of the emission. We also investigated the binarity of the blue stars and their membership to NGC 6611.
Small scale change in mollusk diversity along a depth gradient in a seagrass bed off Cabo Frio, (Southeast Brazil)

We know little about animal communities in seagrass beds in the southeast Atlantic. The aim of the current study was to characterize and quantify the mollusk assemblages within these unique tropical seagrass habitats at a spatial scale fine enough to relate change in assemblage structure to gradients in exposure to air/depth. The study was carried out off Cabo Frio, Southeast Brazil. A 1250 m2 area vegetated by the seagrass Halodule wrightii was defined (50 m parallel to the shoreline × 25 m distance from the shore margin). Twenty-six transects were established and the sampling carried out in order to characterize and to quantify the associated mollusk fauna. The mollusk assemblage presented overall density, density of key species and mean richness which increased systematically along the onshore-to-offshore gradient. Furthermore over the short spatial distance of the study the mollusk assemblage changed sufficiently for ordination to detect different assemblages.
Roles in Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid Signaling

Title: Transcription Factor WRKY70 Displays Important but No Indispensable 1 Roles in Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid Signaling 2 3 Running title: WRKY70 in Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid Signaling 4 (Running title should be no more than 60 characters including spaces.) 5 6 Authors: Chun-Mei Ren, Qi Zhu, Bi-Da Gao, Shao-Ying Ke, Wan-Cong Yu, 7 Dao-Xin Xie and Wen Peng 8 9 1 College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, 10
Research on the treatment of metastatic colon cancer patients treated by FOLFOXIRI: Efficacy and toxicity of first-line treatment in stage IV metastatic colorectal cancer patients

Background: In recent years, the new trend in treatment of colorectal cancer is the use of target drug. We conduct the study to evaluate efficacy of triplet combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, oxapilatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) in the treatment of stage IV colorectal cancer patients. Method: Uncontrolled clinical trial carried on 39 stage IV colorectal cancer patients Results: The overall response rate of the treatment was 75%. Mean of progression free survival was 13.4 ± 9 months. The overall survival rate at 12th month and 24th month were 90% and 76%, respectively. The proportion of granulocytopenia was 48.9%, no grade 3 or 4. Side effect beyond hematology was most seen in hepatic toxicity with 52.5%, mainly at grade 1. Vomiting was 18.3%, all at grade 1. Other toxicity was very low at percentage. Conclusion: The triplet combination FOLFOXIRIN chemotherapy improves the outcome of patient with metal colorectal cancer in term of response rate, overall survival rate and progression free survival, and the level of toxicity was acceptable.
Economic Impacts of Tourism Industry

This article is concerned with the economic impacts of tourism industry, especially in developing countries. It initially reviews the concept and using a model, it deals with the factors affecting the economic impacts associated with tourism. The research findings indicated that with short-term and long-term strategic planning and using the specific abilities and tourism products of developing countries, which suffer from some indices as unemployment, limits in earning and currency flows, inflation and other problems, most of their economic problems can be solved.
Phonon group velocity and thermal conduction in superlattices

With the use of a face-centered cubic model of lattice dynamics we calculate the group velocity of acoustic phonons in the growth direction of periodic superlattices. Comparing with the case of bulk solids, this component of the phonon group velocity is reduced due to the flattening of the dispersion curves associated with Brillouin-zone folding. The results are used to estimate semiquantitatively the effects on the lattice thermal conductivity in Si/Ge and GaAs/AlAs superlattices. For a Si/Ge superlattice an order of magnitude reduction is predicted in the ratio of superlattice thermal conductivity to phonon relaxation time [consistent with the results of P. Hyldgaard and G. D. Mahan, Phys. Rev. B {bold 56}, 10h754 (1997)]. For a GaAs/AlAs superlattice the corresponding reduction is rather small, i.e., a factor of 2{endash}3. These effects are larger for the superlattices with larger unit period, contrary to the recent measurements of thermal conductivity in superlattices. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}