Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cryogenic Storage of Apple (Malus domestica) Shoot Tips Using Encapsulation-dehydration

Shoot tips of apple (Malus domestica) derived from in vitro cultures were used as explants in this study. Several pretreatments prior to cryogenic storage were conducted to enhance shoot tips recovery after cryostorage. The optimal procedure was as follow: excised shoot tips were precultured on solid Murashige and Skoog Medium Supplemented (MS) with 0.3 M sucrose, encapsulated in calcium alginate beads, precultured in liquid medium with 0.75 M sucrose for 1 day, and desiccated to 15-29% moisture content (fresh weight basis), and then immersed rapidly in liquid nitrogen. The encapsulated dehydrated shoot tips cooled to -196 oC produced a high (72%) level of regrowth. This method is promising for cryogenic storage of Malus domestica shoot tips.
Rural And Ecotourism Development In Scope Of Bulgarian Tourism

The search for specific opportunities which could solve the existing problems and contribute to overcome the conflicts related to the development of contemporary tourism, requires creation of two concepts which to be adopted and applied to the tourism reality and practice. The first concept con-cerns the development of sustainable tourism and the second one is aimed at development of alternative forms of tourism. The latter could also be referred as supplemental to the concept for de-velopment of alternative forms of tourism. This paper makes a historical review of the creation and development of the rural and ecotour-ism at global and regional scale. Under observation is also the chronological order of both definitions together with the contemporary understanding of the content of these forms of tourism. Some of the basic problems in their development are concerned. An attempt for assessment of the place and impor-tance of protected areas and protected sites in terms of rural and ecotourism is made.
Exhumed mantle-forming transitional crust in the Newfoundland-Iberia rift and associated magnetic anomalies

Transitional zones located between Iberia and North America formed during continental rifting and mostly consist of exhumed mantle. In this study we show that ages of exhumed mantle at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 1068 and 1070 in the Iberia Abyssal Plain and site 1277 in the Newfoundland Basin are similar to ages determined from magnetic lineations created by serpentinization during mantle exhumation. On the basis of paleomagnetic and geological data and a comparison with a fossil ocean-continent transition in the Alps, we envisage a first episode of mantle serpentinization during which a strong component of magnetization was acquired followed by a second episode occurring at the contact with cold seawater, and which only affects the upper tens of meters of the exhumed mantle. The inversion of magnetic data (Euler deconvolution) shows that magnetic sources are N-S trending horizontal cylindrical bodies located within the highly serpentinized upper crust. Therefore the serpentinization process is able to produce magnetic lineations formed in a similar way to those formed by seafloor spreading. Within transition zones, sequences of magnetic anomalies can provide information concerning the timing of the emplacement of crust, but not on its nature (oceanic versus exhumed mantle). This discovery enables us to date the exhumation of mantle rocks in transition zones and allows kinematic reconstructions of the final stages of continental rifting. During rifting the deep distal continental margins and the adjacent transitional zones in the Newfoundland-Iberia rift system were formed by ultraslow extension from early Berriasian to late Valanginian–early Hauterivian and by slow extension from early Hauterivian to the late Aptian–early Albian boundary. Therefore transitional zones share many similarities with slow and ultraslow spreading midoceanic ridges
Effect of enzyme supplementation of white lupin [Lupinus albus var. Butan] - containing diets on performance, nutrient digestibility, viscosity, pH, and passage rate of digesta in broiler chickens

A wheat-based diet containing 300 g/kg white lupin seeds (L) was fed either unsupplemented or supplemented with one, two or three commercial enzymes. Enzyme B contained primarily xylanase activity, enzyme E primarily pectinase and β-glucanase activity, enzyme A primarily α-galactosidase activity. Each diet was fed to a group of 24 eight-day-old broiler females kept individually. During the fi rst two weeks performance was recorded, next the passage rate was measured in 6 birds, and the digestibility of nutrients was evaluated in 10 birds from each group. On day 25-26 of life, 14 birds per group were slaughtered and viscosity and pH of digesta from different parts of the digestive tract were determined. Body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, metabolizable energy of diet, viscosity of digesta in the jejunum and distal ileum, pH of digesta in the caeca, and excreta moisture content were not affected by enzyme supplementation of lupin diets. In group LB the digestibility of dietary fat increased (P<0.05) in comparison with group L. In group LBE, apparent protein digestibility and organic matter retention decreased and digesta viscosity in the caeca increased (from 2.4 and 5.6 to 21.3 mPas.s, respectively) in comparison with groups L and LB (P<0.05). Supplementation of the LBE diet with enzyme A caused a decrease in caecal digesta viscosity to 9.4 mPas.s and an increase in the rate of passage of digesta during the fi rst 4 h.
CONCEPT AND APPLICATION OF AUTOMATIC PART-RECOGNITION WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR FE SIMULATIONS

Currently available finite element software is consequently getting more and more user-friendly, and simulation knowledge must be expanded to a growing pool of new and less-experienced users; for example designers. These users need to be assisted when performing simulation tasks. A promising way is to check the FE results for plausibility, but therefore, it is essential to know what kind of parts should be simulated and checked for plausibility. This paper presents a concept for the automatic recognition of standard parts within the FE software, using a predefined Artificial Neural Network (ANN). An existing approach is extended to deal with the issues of arbitrarily oriented parts in CAD (computer-aided design) assemblies of differing size in 3D space. Hence a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and a spherical detector surface for FE nodes in spherical coordinates is used to gain input parameters for an ANN. In the paper, the concept and an application for certain standard components are demonstrated.
Embedding Cognitive Map in Neural Episodic Control 松森 匠哉

In reinforcement learning, environments with a sparse reward signal are significantly difficult to model. Especially, learning actions in 3D environment from the first person view is regarded as POMDP which potentially extends state space. Large environments with a sparse reward need efficient learning process in large state space. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning method with the memory module proposed in Neural Episodic Control, adding cognitive information to the memory module to improve performance.
Teacher competence as a tool for effective and sustainable human capital development in the federal capital territory: Implications for career guidance

This study investigated teacher competence as a tool for effective and sustainable human capital development in selected Public Secondary Schools in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was used for the study while simple random sampling technique was used to draw the sample for the study in two area councils in the FCT. The data generated was analysed using means scores, standard deviation, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The dependent variables for the study were knowledge impartation, teacher commitment to work and classroom management. The independent variables were gender factor, teacher qualification and teaching experience. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the conduct of the research. The findings revealed a highly commendable level of teacher competence in service delivery. However, no significant relationship was found between the independent and dependent variables with significant values standing at 0.660. 389 and 0.345, respectively (P>0.05). The authors recommended that other psychological constructs such as self efficacy and emotional intelligence as independent variables should be used to gain more insight into teacher competence in the aforementioned ramifications. Regular career guidance should also be made as an integral part of capacity building for optimum and sustainable impact on human capital development. Key words: Teacher Competence, human capital development and career guidance.
The zeta potential calculation for fluid saturated porous media using linearized and nonlinear solutions of Poisson–Boltzmann equation

Theoretical models have been developed to calculate the zeta potential based on the solution of the linearized approximation of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PB). The approximation is only valid for the small magnitude of the surface potential. However, the surface potential available in published experimental data normally does not satisfy that condition. Therefore, the complete analytical solution to the PB equation (nonlinear equation) needs to be considered. In this work, the comparison between the linearized and nonlinear solutions has been performed. The results show that the linearized solution always overestimates the absolute value of the electric potential in the electric double layer as well as the zeta potential. For a small magnitude of the surface potential ( 25  d  mV), the electric potential distribution predicted from the linearized solution is almost the same as that predicted from the nonlinear solution. It is also shown that the zeta potential computed from the linearized PB solution closely matches with that computed from the nonlinear solution for the fluid pH = 5 8 and the shear plane distance of 2.4×10 −10 m. Therefore, the solution of the linearized PB equation can be used to calculate the zeta potential under that condition. This is validated by comparing the linearized and nonlinear solutions with experimental data in literature.
DIETARY EVOLUTION OVER TIME IN EUROPE, BETWEEN CYCLOPS AND PHAECIANS . AN OUTLOOK ON THE ROLE OF SUPPLY-SIDE FACTORS IN DRIVING CHANGES IN THE FOOD PATTERNS

The present study intends to shed light, both from a descriptive and investigative point of view on the dietary evolution taking place in Europe during last 45 years, using secondary data from FAO FBS, which can cover the entire time span considered and allow for several extrapolation and timeseries analysis, differently than single survey data. After a clustering of selected european national diets, using specific metrics with respect both to internal and external variety (as measured by appropriate indicators), we intended to check the actual distance that average, national diets have in front of the so called Food Pyramid, which consists in a balance of several food items in adequate proportions and in fact glorifies the healthy virtues of the Mediterranean Diet as a reference model among food patterns. Furthermore, if several studies focussed strictly on the evolution of diet per-se, from a nutritional perspective- our purpose was to put it in context with economic and materialistic factors which could have a part in the explanation. In particular, our intention was to provide a focus on trade factor as explaining the changing diets. We tested with causality tests the hypothesis behind, in order to find relationship between economic factors and nutritional aspects. Eventually, we propose a preliminary investigation about the role of GIs (Geographic Indication food products, such as PDO) in relation to globalised food patterns. The results are interesting, and let the doors open for interpretations and further research.
An Efficient High Voltage Level Shifter using Coupling Capacitor for a High Side Buck Converter

We propose an efficient high voltage level shifter for a high side Buck converter driving a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp. The proposed circuit is comprised of a low voltage pulse width modulation (PWM) signal driver, a coupling capacitor, a resistor, and a diode. The proposed method uses a property of a PWM signal. The property is that the signal repeatedly transits between a low and high level at a certain frequency. A low voltage PWM signal is boosted to a high voltage PWM signal through a coupling capacitor using the property of the PWM signal, and the boosted high voltage PWM signal drives a p-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor on the high side Buck converter. Experimental results show that the proposed level shifter boosts a low voltage (0 to 20 V) PWM signal at 125 kHz to a high voltage (370 to 380 V) PWM signal with a duty ratio of up to 0.9941.
Computational Linguistic Models of Mental Spaces

In this report we describe a computational linguistic model of mental spaces. We take theories from cognitive science as inspiration and, using the FrameNet database, construct a model upon which we execute a number of experiments. Our underlying assumption is that, in order to develop computer systems that have near human capacities for natural language processing, those systems will need to model cognitive processes. Gilles Fauconnier's theory of Mental Spaces provides a detailed background of partitioned semantic relations. These relationships can be constrained by Frames and Scripts. We use pre-existing computer tools to develop a model that mimics this framework. Fauconnier's and Turner's work on Conceptual Integration and current theories of dynamic systems are further inspiration for a model of conceptual integration using Latent Dirichlet Allocation, a topic modelling algorithm. We choose three experiments with which to validate the usefulness of this approach. Our fi�rst experiment investigates text classi�cation using the Full Text corpus within FrameNet. Our second experiment uses the corpora supplied for the SemEval Textual Semantic Similarity Task in order to validate the hypothesis that mental space networks are related to semantic similarity. The third experiment in this report investigates the Blending model and the hypothesis that this is related to the style of the document text. The results for these experiments were mixed. We are pleased with some high Micro F1 scores (0.9), but disappointed that overall the results are not conclusive. We describe the analysis of the outcomes and also the drawbacks of our methods. Finally we explain our thoughts on how these models could be improved and extended by learning lessons from our work and also including other work and approaches.
The Concepts of Well-Posedness and Stability in Different Function Spaces for the 1D Linearized Euler Equations

This paper considers the stability of constant solutions to the 1D Euler equation. The idea is to investigate the effect of different function spaces on the well-posedness and stability of the null solution of the 1D linearized Euler equations. It is shown that the mathematical tools and results depend on the meaning of the concepts “perturbation,” “small perturbation,” “solution of the propagation problem,” and “small solution, that is, solution close to zero,” which are specific for each function space.
Influence of Heavy Metals and Soil Amendments on Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) Grown in Zinc Mine Soil

Soil amendments, such as compost and chelating agents, are often required to improve phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, the Ratchaburi vetiver ecotype was grown in soil uncontaminated by heavy metal and in zinc mine soil amended with compost and chelating agents (EDTA and DTPA). It was found that the concentration of Zn in the mine soil was about 5.6 times higher than the toxic level in soil. It inhibited vetiver growth as well as causing leaf chlorosis which was a symptom of either Zn toxicity or iron deficiency. The application of compost had no influence on growth performance, primary nutrient uptake and heavy metal uptake. EDTA could enhance the concentration and uptake of Zn, Mn and Cu, but not Fe, while DTPA increased the concentration of these heavy metals, but not their uptake. The compost and chelating agents did not affect Mn or Zn translocation. However, they could elevate Fe and Cu translocation, especially when compost was applied together with chelating agents of which EDTA and DTPA gave significantly-different results. In summary, EDTA was superior for soil amendment in a zinc mine soil with high concentrations of multi-heavy metals.
Combining appearance and geometric features for facial expression recognition

This paper introduces a method for facial expression recognition combining appearance and geometric facial features. The proposed framework consistently combines multiple facial representations at both global and local levels. First, covariance descriptors are computed to represent regional features combining various feature information with a low dimensionality. Then geometric features are detected to provide a general facial movement description of the facial expression. These appearance and geometric features are combined to form a vector representation of the facial expression. The proposed method is tested on the CK+ database and shows encouraging performance.
Decomposing Gender Equality along the Wage Distribution in Vietnam during the Period 2002–14

In this paper, we decompose the gender wage gap along the wage distribution in Vietnam during the period 2002–14 and search for the presence of a glass ceiling/sticky floor in wages using the method proposed by Chernozhukov, Fernandez-Val, and Melly (2013). We focus on the formal sector and further divide the sample by educational level, age profile, occupational type, and industry. We find evidence for a total gender wage gap with the price of skills (the price gap) being the main contributor. There are also findings of increases and decreases in equality along the gender wage gap distribution and the formation of a sticky floorand a glass ceiling in 2014 in some of the data.
TOWARDS AN EXOGENOUS THEORY OF PUBLIC NETWORK PERFORMANCE

This article offers insights into the complexity of assessing the performance of public networks. We have identified three so-called exogenous factors: form of the network, type of inception—whether the network was initially formed as voluntary or mandated—and developmental stage of the network. We argue that where a network stands on each of these factors will determine the appropriateness of specific criteria for assessing the performance of the network.
Congenital Complete Esophageal Diaphragm: A Rare Variant of Esophageal Stenosis

Congenital esophageal web is a rare disorder that presents a diagnostic and management challenge. In a female infant born at 31 weeks of gestation, significant secretions and respiratory distress were noted at birth. Chest X-ray demonstrated the nasogastric tube in the esogastric junction with no distal bowel gas. Esophagogram showed a congenital web near the esogastric junction. An endoscopic examination under general anesthesia showed a complete, thick membrane on the distal esophageal lumen. Endoscopic incision and cauterization of the web through the midline were performed, improving the clinical symptoms and esophageal stenosis.
Determinants of household drinking-water source in Indonesia: An analysis of the 2007 Indonesian family life survey

Abstract Safe drinking water is a human right as it is an essential element to sustain life and maintain human health. Literature review confirms that there are many aspects that should be considered in providing safe drinking water in an equitable manner. Therefore, evidence-based data at national level are needed to inform policy-making process. This study presents data regarding drinking water ladder and its determinants using partial proportional odds regression model. Drinking water sources were classified into three categories, unimproved sources, improved sources and piped water on the premises. The overall model is statistically significant (p < 0.001) with McFadden adjusted R2 of 0.157. The correlates include spatial variables, environmental variables, demographic variables and socioeconomic position. There are disparities across major islands and rural-urban areas with the former lagging behind. Moreover, the higher the household is in terms of sanitation ladder, the more likely they have access to improved water sources. Similarly, socio-economic status also determines the use of improved water sources. Recommendations are provided in the light of the results.
Magenulkus beim Grünen Leguan (Iguana iguana)

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Magenulzera beim Grünen Leguan wurden bisher noch nicht beschrieben. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt das Krankheitsbild bei dieser Tierart vor. Material und Methoden: Anhand dreier Fallbeispiele werden die klinischen Symptome sowie die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten geschildert und die vermuteten Ursachen diskutiert. Ergebnisse: Die Symptome sind unspezifisch und bestehen vorwiegend in schlechtem Allgemeinbefinden, Anämie, Anorexie, zum Teil Erbrechen und schmerzhaftem Zölom. Als Ursachen werden besonders Behandlungen mit nichtsteroidalen Antiphlogistika und Stresszustände, beispielsweise durch einen stationären Klinikaufenthalt, angenommen. Schlussfolgerungen: Stressvermeidung und -reduzierung durch Beschränkung der Aufenthaltsdauer in einer Tierklinik bzw. minimales Handling des Tieres und eine ruhige Umgebung mit optimalen Haltungsbedingen sowie die prophylaktische Anwendung von Antazida und H2-Rezeptor-Antagonisten werden empfohlen. Prinzipiell sollten Magenulzera als Sekundärerkrankung bei herbivoren Reptilien in Betracht gezogen werden.
Reconstructing baselines for Caribbean predatory reef fishes

6 The natural, pre-human, abundance of most large predators is unknown due to the lack of 7 historical data and the poor understanding of the natural factors that control their populations. 8 We assessed the relationship between the biomass of predatory reef fishes and several 9 anthropogenic and environmental variables to (1) predict among site variability in predator 10 abundance in response to both human impacts and natural factors, and (2) estimate historical 11 baselines of fish predator biomass in the absence of humans. We hypothesized that predatory fish 12 abundance declines with human influence but is also strongly associated with natural 13 environmental variability. We assessed the biomass structure of reef fishes at 39 sites over three 14 years across the greater Caribbean. Using generalized linear mixed effect models, we examined 15 the relationships between the biomass of predatory reef fishes and a comprehensive set of 29 16 anthropogenic, physical, spatial, biotic, and management-related covariates. We used the best 17 explanatory models to predict the biomass of fish predators in the absence of humans. Predatory 18 reef fish biomass was higher in marine reserves but strongly negatively related to human 19 impacts, especially coastal development. Over 50% of the variability in predator biomass, 20 however, was also explained by non-human factors including reef complexity, ocean 21 productivity, and prey abundance. Comparing site-specific predicted values to field observations 22 suggests predatory reef fish biomass has declined by 80-95% in most sites, even within most 23 PeerJ PrePrints | http://dx.doi. org/10.7287/peerj.preprints. 805v1 | CC-BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 21 Jan 2015, publ: 21 Jan 2015 P re P rin ts