Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penal Abolition as the End of Criminal Behavior

In this paper, I argue for penal abolition on the grounds that the logic, practices and justification for the ‘criminal justice system’ derive from ideas of ‘criminal’ deviance and people as ‘criminals’, which are revealed to be fictional. I present evidence for the ubiquity of violent and non-violent ‘crimes’ in everyday life and the participation of most people in transgression, which together nullify the notion that such behavior is abnormal and void the concepts of ‘criminal’ deviance, ‘crime’ and ‘criminal’. In the face of a world suffused by transgressive acts and transgressive actors, the penal system daily functions to label certain transgressions as ‘criminal behavior’ and to sort certain transgressors into the category of ‘criminals’. In this sense, the purpose of the penal system is exposed as preoccupied with the management of only certain transgression. Consequently, penal abolition can be seen for what it is: a call to end the ‘criminal behavior’ discourse which hides the ubiquity of transgression. The implications for penal thinking are severe, as the penal system is based on the felt necessity to respond to deviant, ‘criminalized’ behavior and deviant ‘criminals’. When it is revealed that transgression is not deviant but is in fact the norm, one must conclude (1) that the penal system is not (and never will be) able to effectively address the transgression of social norms, (2) that it should therefore be abolished, and (3) that we reconceptualize and re-design our social response to the transgression of norms as the management of difference (and not deviance). [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2016 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved. ]
Muscle paralysis produced by botulinum toxin type A injection in treated torticollis patients compared with toxin naive individuals

We sought to determine whether the response to varying doses of botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) injected in BTX‐A‐treated torticollis patients differed from the same injections given in toxin‐naive individuals. We have developed a technique to objectively measure muscle weakness resulting from BTX injections in humans and have validated the technique in those not previously treated with BTX. We now examine BTX‐A‐treated torticollis patients to see if their response to BTX‐A injection is similar to that of toxin‐naive individuals. We injected 11 torticollis patients who had been receiving BTX‐A injections with a standard 5‐mouse unit (mu) dose into one extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle and a varying dose into the other EDB, measuring muscle paralysis 2 weeks after the injection. Nine of the 11 patients were clinical and electrophysiologic responders. Two patients were non‐responders. In the 9 responding patients the dose response curve to increasing doses of BTX‐A was very similar to that seen in toxin‐naive individuals. The mean muscle paralysis from the standard 5 mu dose was also similar to that previously reported in toxin‐naive individuals. Torticollis patients who continue to respond clinically to BTX‐A injections demonstrate essentially the same degree of muscle paralysis from the EDB injections as do subjects who have never been exposed to BTX‐A. Mov. Disord. 16:100–105, 2001. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Seismic Damage Detection via CLASSIFICATION STRUCTURAL DAMAGE – CLOSING THE LOOP

The study is aimed at detecting and locating the damage in the beams with the aid of vibration based system identification and finite element model updating method, using limited number of responses recorded during strong motion earthquakes. The response of the structure at unmonitored degrees of freedom is estimated by interpolating recorded responses in time domain. Modal parameters are identified using frequency domain decomposition and empirical transfer function estimates. It is found that a combination of a suite of system identification techniques with sensitivity based finite element model updating can potentially locate and quantify the damage in a moment resistant frame.
Optimization of ventricular pacing: where should we implant the leads?

The original goal of implantable pacemakers was to prevent syncope and death due to prolonged periods of asystole from Stokes-Adams attacks and complete heart block (1). Subsequently, devices that were increasingly complex were developed to maintain atrioventricular (AV) sequential activation and to provide a better chronotropic response to exercise. Atrial based pacing (either AAI or DDD) has become standard for patients in sinus rhythm. Compared with ventricular pacing, atrial based pacing improves hemodynamic function and reduces the incidence of pacemaker syndrome, atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure in patients with sick sinus syndrome. The effect of atrial based pacing on long term mortality is less clear (2,3). Rate responsive pacing improves functional capacity and exercise duration in subjects with chronotropic incompetence (4).
decadal-scale nutrient loading study in a coastal wetland : Impacts n soil microbial processes

Fertilizer use in agricultural lands and treated wastewater disposal have increased bioavailable nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading to wetlands and aquatic systems with potential implications for nutrient cycling and soil microbial processes. Recently, conflicting results of N loading impacts on microbialmediated organic matter decomposition in coastal wetland soils have been reported. However, to date, the majority of studies have investigated short-term nutrient loading effects while few have reported long-term integrated impacts. Here, we present results from an 11-year soil nutrient loading study in an oligohaline coastal wetland treated with 0, 50, 200, or 1200 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in combination with 0 or 131 kg P ha−1 yr−1. We measured soil (0–10 cm) physiochemical characteristics, soil microbial biomass N, and measures of biogeochemical cycling of N, including potentially mineralizable nitrogen and denitrification rates. Our results show that soil total P increased with P additions, but no significant differences in measures of soil microbial biomass or activity occurred with N, P, or N × P loading. We conclude that long-term N loading at rates equivalent to Mississippi River diversions had no persistent lasting effects on total N or examined soil microbial measures. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Gradient-Based Iterative Parameter Estimation Algorithms for Dynamical Systems from Observation Data

It is well-known that mathematical models are the basis for system analysis and controller design. This paper considers the parameter identification problems of stochastic systems by the controlled autoregressive model. A gradient-based iterative algorithm is derived from observation data by using the gradient search. By using the multi-innovation identification theory, we propose a multi-innovation gradient-based iterative algorithm to improve the performance of the algorithm. Finally, a numerical simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
A Shift from a Pivotal to Supporting Role for the Growth-Associated Protein (GAP-43) in the Coordination of Axonal Structural and Functional Plasticity

In a number of animal species, the growth-associated protein (GAP), GAP-43 (aka: F1, neuromodulin, B-50, G50, pp46), has been implicated in the regulation of presynaptic vesicular function and axonal growth and plasticity via its own biochemical properties and interactions with a number of other presynaptic proteins. Changes in the expression of GAP-43 mRNA or distribution of the protein coincide with axonal outgrowth as a consequence of neuronal damage and presynaptic rearrangement that would occur following instances of elevated patterned neural activity including memory formation and development. While functional enhancement in GAP-43 mRNA and/or protein activity has historically been hypothesized as a central mediator of axonal neuroplastic and regenerative responses in the central nervous system, it does not appear to be the crucial substrate sufficient for driving these responses. This review explores the historical discovery of GAP-43 (and associated monikers), its transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation and current understanding of protein interactions and regulation with respect to its role in axonal function. While GAP-43 itself appears to have moved from a pivotal to a supporting factor, there is no doubt that investigations into its functions have provided a clearer understanding of the biochemical underpinnings of axonal plasticity.
A large-scale evaluation of peptide vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease: lack of solid protection in cattle and isolation of escape mutants

A large-scale vaccination experiment involving a total of 138 cattle was carried out to evaluate the potential of synthetic peptides as vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease. Four types of peptides representing sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) C3 Argentina 85 were tested: A, which includes the G-H loop of capsid protein VP1 (site A); AT, in which a T-cell epitope has been added to site A; AC, composed of site A and the carboxy-terminal region of VP1 (site C); and ACT, in which the three previous capsid motifs are colinearly represented. Induction of neutralizing antibodies, lymphoproliferation in response to viral antigens, and protection against challenge with homologous infectious virus were examined. None of the tested peptides, at several doses and vaccination schedules, afforded protection above 40%. Protection showed limited correlation with serum neutralization activity and lymphoproliferation in response to whole virus. In 12 of 29 lesions from vaccinated cattle that were challenged with homologous virus, mutant FMDVs with amino acid substitutions at antigenic site A were identified. This finding suggests the rapid generation and selection of FMDV antigenic variants in vivo. In contrast with previous studies, this large-scale vaccination experiment with an important FMDV host reveals considerable difficulties for vaccines based on synthetic peptides to achieve the required levels of efficacy. Possible modifications of the vaccine formulations to increase protective activity are discussed.
Attribute reduction of macro genomic gene signal based on improved rough set reduction algorithm

When K-mer frequency is used as a digital feature of DNA fragments, it is time-consuming and computationally expensive to classify it. If the K-mer frequency is e ectively reduced before classifying, the remaining attributes can be kept of all the information on behalf of the original digital features, it will greatly improve the e ciency of classi cation. In this paper, we propose a method of attribute reduction based on rough set theory and Selpso algorithm. The experimental results show that this method can e ectively remove redundant attributes and improve classi cation e ciency.
Study of the electron → photon misidentification rate in the ATLAS detector

In this thesis, the misidentification of electrons as photons (fake rate) is investigated using the first 7TeV data of the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. A method for the measurement of the fake rate in data, using pure electrons from the Z0 → e+e− decay, called tag-and-probe, is presented. The results are studied as functions of kinematic variables in order to show effects on the detector performance. A cross check with a so-called truth-matching method in Monte Carlo is applied. In addition, the fake rate for Gauge Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking events is estimated and compared with Z0 → e+e− studies.
Automatic verification of embedded system based on EFSM

To ensure the correctness of embedded system, automation of test case generation is necessary in industrial. This paper present a technique for specifying coverage criteria and a method for generating test suites for embedded systems whose behaviours is depend on its interactive environment. The embedded system under test can be described as extended finite state machines (EFSM) and the coverage criteria can be specified as monitor automata with parameters, which monitor and accept traces that cover a given test criterion of an EFSM. The flexibility of the technique is demonstrated by specifying a number of well-known coverage criteria based on controland data-flow information using observer automata with parameters. We also develop a method for generating test cases from coverage criteria specified as observers. It is based on transforming a given observer automata into a bitvector analysis problem that can be efficiently implemented as an extension to an existing state-space exploration such as, e.g. SPIN or Uppaal.
Quantum Geometry and the Fermilab Holometer

Recent theoretical work [1], [2], [3], [4] proposes a quantum aspect of geometry, with position operators obeying the commutator [Xi, Xj] = ı̇`PeijkXk. This leads to an uncertainty in transverse distance after propagating a distance D of 〈x2 ⊥〉 = L` ′ P with l ′ P ∼ the Planck length. The Fermilab Holometer consists of two Michelson interferometers which search for macroscopic effects of this uncertainty.
Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors by Histologic Subtype: An Analysis From the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium.

PURPOSE An understanding of the etiologic heterogeneity of ovarian cancer is important for improving prevention, early detection, and therapeutic approaches. We evaluated 14 hormonal, reproductive, and lifestyle factors by histologic subtype in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium (OC3). PATIENTS AND METHODS Among 1.3 million women from 21 studies, 5,584 invasive epithelial ovarian cancers were identified (3,378 serous, 606 endometrioid, 331 mucinous, 269 clear cell, 1,000 other). By using competing-risks Cox proportional hazards regression stratified by study and birth year and adjusted for age, parity, and oral contraceptive use, we assessed associations for all invasive cancers by histology. Heterogeneity was evaluated by likelihood ratio test. RESULTS Most risk factors exhibited significant heterogeneity by histology. Higher parity was most strongly associated with endometrioid (relative risk [RR] per birth, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.83) and clear cell (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.76) carcinomas (P value for heterogeneity [P-het] < .001). Similarly, age at menopause, endometriosis, and tubal ligation were only associated with endometrioid and clear cell tumors (P-het ≤ .01). Family history of breast cancer (P-het = .008) had modest heterogeneity. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of mucinous (RR per 20 pack-years, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.46) but a decreased risk of clear cell (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.94) tumors (P-het = .004). Unsupervised clustering by risk factors separated endometrioid, clear cell, and low-grade serous carcinomas from high-grade serous and mucinous carcinomas. CONCLUSION The heterogeneous associations of risk factors with ovarian cancer subtypes emphasize the importance of conducting etiologic studies by ovarian cancer subtypes. Most established risk factors were more strongly associated with nonserous carcinomas, which demonstrate challenges for risk prediction of serous cancers, the most fatal subtype.
Unraveling Vitamin B 12-Responsive Gene Regulation in Algae 1 [ W ]

Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (K.E.H., M.A.S., S.S., A.G.S.); Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07743 Jena, Germany (S.S.); Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 13560-970, Brazil (A.P.U.A.); and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom (S.P.)
Predict To Succeed : Optimal Sequential Fantasy Football Squad Formation Using Machine Learning Tools

Fantasy football is a popular game in which participants assemble a roster of real-world athletes and gain points for their successful performance in football matches. Fantasy sports appeared as a unique phenomenon in the USA in 1980s [2]. The rapid evolution of the Internet turned fantasy sports into an easily accessible entertainment for millions of people worldwide. Fantasy games are usually timed to coincide with major championships and events, either single (i.e. the FIFA World Cup) or season-long (e.g. the English Premier League). The most popular fantasy sport subject in Europe is association football. Fantasy tournaments are often run either by media (e.g. www.sports.ru/fantasy) or by leagues’ organizers (the Fantasy Premier League [1], the Official Bundesliga Fantasy). In this paper, a model of optimal sequential decision making in the Fantasy Premier League (FPL) is presented. There were more than 4.5 million participants in the 2016/2017 FPL season. This fact makes the FPL the most competitive fantasy league in the world. A high level of competitive intensity requires making the best decisions over time in order to succeed in the FPL. This task is particularly demanding as there is a spanless set of possible actions, moreover, the actions should be made under uncertainty. Thus, there is a need for a model that will be powerful enough to perform well under these circumstances. The general idea is to maximize the number of points scored in a given round by solving an integer programming problem such that an objective function sums number of points predicted by a machine learning algorithm and constraints describe corresponding game rules. To predict expected points, we apply XGBoost, one of the most effective modern data science methods. We then build an automated manager that utilizes this approach and achieves rather decent results in team formation.
Improving Seismometer Performance at Low Frequencies using newly discovered physics

Modern commercial seismometers are without equal in their ability to study earth motions in the frequency range from 30 mHz to 10 Hz. In the increasingly important lower range from 1 mHz to 30 mHz, their sensitivity is severely limited. These limitations are discussed in terms of recent physics discoveries concerned with internal friction. It is shown that the low-frequency performance can be significantly improved by using a different (i) style of capacitive sensor, and (ii) method of force-feedback. Advantages of these novel changes are illustrated with a modified long-period Sprengnether vertical seismometer that was previously part of the WWSSN.
Effect of microRNA-27b on cisplatin chemotherapy sensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma via FZD7 signaling pathway

Effect of microRNA-27b (miR-27b) on cisplatin chemotherapy sensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was investigated to provide a reference for clinical prevention of OSCC cell resistance. The clinical tissues of 34 patients with OSCC-resistant cancer and 28 patients with cisplatin-sensitive OSCC in Nanjing General Hospital were collected. The expression levels of miR-27b and Frizzled-7 (FZD7) in cancer tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reation (RT-qPCR). After a certain gradient of cisplatin was used to induce stable acquired resistance of OSCC cell line Tca8113/CDDP, a dose of miR-27b was added to construct a cell line overexpressing miR-27b in the drug-resistant cell line. The effect of cisplatin on the proliferation of drug-resistant OSCC cells was detected by colony formation assay. In addition, the scratch test and Transwell formation assay was performed to examine the effect of cisplatin drug stimulation on proliferation and migration of Tca8113/CDDP. Flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect the effect of miR-27b on apoptosis of OSCC-resistant cells after cisplatin chemotherapy. The expression level of miR-27b in cancer tissues of patients with drug-resistant OSCC was significantly lower than that of patients with OSCC cisplatin sensitivity (P<0.05). After high expression of miR-27b, the number of clones of drug-resistant OSCC cells after adding cisplatin drugs can be significantly inhibited. The proliferation and migration ability of drug-resistant OSCC was significantly decreased after the addition of cisplatin in miR-27b overexpression (P<0.05). miR-27 mimic enhanced the pro-apoptotic ability of cisplatin drugs (P<0.05). The expression of FZD7 in cisplation-resistant patients was significantly higher (P<0.05). miR-27b significantly inhibited the expression of FZD7 and β-catenin proteins. miR-27b can inhibit the resistance of OSCC to cisplatin drugs, increase apoptosis of cancer cells, and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of FZD7/β-catenin signaling pathway activation in drug-resistant cell lines by miR-27b.
Searching For Excellence in Educational Communication the Role of IQ EQ and SQ

All the new approaches in different disciplines imply that education is not a static area, and the communication skills of educators play a highly important role in this non-static process. This puts forward the fact that both educators and students have to cyltivafe themselves in the search for excellence in education. In other words, “being a master in communication” is the equal responsibility of the two parties since “effective” communication requires mutual transaction. Even though it seems to be the responsibility of both sides, the modeling role of educators seem to be much more important throughout the education process. From this perspective, achieving excellence in the education process depends on the ability and effectiveness of educators in integrating their analytical, emotional and spiritual quotient. The competence of educators in this regard are of great importance if the students are to be guided in the best way possible. This paper dwells on the search for excellence in developing the communication skills of educators. The authors intend to discuss IQ, EQ, and SQ altogether from the perspective of communication in order to point to the significant role they play in improving educators’ communication skills.
EFFECT OF LONGWAY LENGTH OF ROUGHNESS ELEMENT ON PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIALLY ROUGHENED SOLAR AIR HEATER DUCT

CFD based investigation has been reported in the present paper in order to study effect of longway length of roughness element on heat transfer and friction characteristics of solar air heater duct for the range of system and operating parameters. It has been observed that roughened absorber plate results an increase in heat transfer coefficient at the cost of friction penalty. In order to predict performance of the system for investigated range of parameters, Nusselt number and friction factor correlations have been developed by utilizing CFD data.
Research of Logistics Visualization Tracing Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things

In this paper, we departures from the practical problems and comes up with the positive effect the data visualization technology brings to solve the problems clearly. The paper researches on the key technology of logistics visualization technology and the Internet of Things monitoring and control system, and finds the practical significance and meeting point by combining them, then presents a data visualization implementation plan used for Internet of Things monitoring field. The main idea of the implementation plan is shown as below: firstly it analyses all system data in logistics visualization methods and divides them into different types of numerical; secondly it details different types of numerical in accordance with user habits and selects solutions on established platform; thirdly it combines each module in aceord}nce with Internet of Things monitoring business application scenarios and generates functional points; then it designs and realizes each function interface for the convenienc of interactive; in addition, it presents platform interface implementations based on WPF/Silverlight. Keywords— Internet of Things; Monitoring system; Logistics visualization; Tracing