Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic lipoma and its differentiation from various fat containing lesions in the pancreas an imaging guide

Lipoma of the pancreas is a rare benign tumor which is usually discovered incidentally on imaging Being innocuous in nature it does not require surgical removal and therefore needs to be differentiated from various pancreatic masses Unlike other pancreatic tumors it can be confirmed on CT or MRI imaging and does not require invasive histopathological examination to establish a definite diagnosis We present a case of pancreatic lipoma in a year old female detected incidentally on ultrasound and confirmed on Computed Tomography by demonstrating the characteristic imaging features of lipoma and thus no further histopathological confirmation was required This case report presents a brief review of literature re emphasizing the importance of imaging in distinguishing lipoma from other fat containing lesions of the pancreas and thus re enforcing the ldquo masterly inactivity rdquo policy for these lesions A confident imaging diagnosis of a pancreatic mass being a lipoma would obviate the anxiety of the patient as well as the clinician regarding the need for further management
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy

The 20-year follow-up of the Whickham cohort [1] provided incidence data of SCH as 3.5 per 1000 women and 0.6 per 1000 men. Thyroid diseases affect up to 5% of all pregnancies. 0.30. 5% is overt and 2.0-2.5% is SCH [2,3]. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause worldwide for pregnancy hypothyroidism whereas chronic autoimmune thyroiditis remains most common cause in iodine sufficient region. TSH level >10 mIU/l indicates overt hypothyroidism, irrespective of free T4 concentrations and usually patients have clinical symptoms [2,3]. SCH is diagnosed when TSH is elevated but <10 mIU/l and free T4 concentrations are normal [2,3]. It is almost always asymptomatic. Fatigue and constipation are frequently observed in pregnancy and their presence does not necessarily indicate SCH.
Inhibitory Effect of Amitriptyline on the Impulse Activity of Cold Thermoreceptor Terminals of Intact and Tear-Deficient Guinea Pig Corneas.

Abstract Purpose: Chronic dryness of the ocular surface evokes sensitization of corneal cold-sensitive neurons through an increase of sodium currents and a decrease of potassium currents, leading to the unpleasant dryness and pain sensations typical of dry eye disease. Here, we explored the effects of amitriptyline, a voltage-gated Na+ channel blocker used for the treatment of depression and chronic pain, on nerve terminal impulse (NTI) activity of cold-sensitive nerve terminals recorded in intact and tear-deficient guinea pig corneas. Methods: Main lachrymal gland was surgically removed in anesthetized guinea pigs to induce chronic tear deficiency. Four to 6 weeks afterward, animals were sacrificed and both corneas placed in a perfusion chamber superfused at 34°C. Thermal stimuli were induced by changing the solution temperature from 34°C to 20°C (cooling ramp) and from 34°C to 50°C (heating ramp). Spontaneous and stimulus-evoked NTIs of cold-sensitive nerve terminals were recorded before, during, and af.
Risk Factors of Hepatitis C in Pakistan

Pakistan has one of the world’s largest burdens of viral hepatitis [2]. According to a National Hepatitis Survey, approximately 08 million people are living with HCV in Pakistan [5]. Most of the people infected with HCV are not aware of their infection status resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment [6]. Delayed diagnosis can result in sequel such as cirrhosis, decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) and HCC, ultimately increasing the disease burden for a poor resource country like Pakistan [6].
Patient Safety in Surgical Centers - An Integrated Review

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com patient safety during surgery began during the early 19th century before the discovery of anesthesia. Safety issues became the focus of discussion and concern, leading to standardized protocols with respect to monitoring, morbidity and mortality analysis in all health institutions. This had an positive impact and a significant reduction in adverse events in the perioperative period [4]. The National Patient Safety Program adopted in Brazil established the standards and strategies for patient safety in surgical care settings [5,6].
Stem cells of the endometrium: a leap towards regenerative medicine

Stem cells in recent years have configured regenerative medicine with their wide range of therapeutic potentials. This revolutionary change has increased the demand of stem cells for myriad of diseases. Their ability to treat many diseases rests on their unique properties of self renewal and differentiation. Stem cells and its therapeutic implications from maternal sources such as Placenta [1], amniotic fluid [2,3], amniotic membrane [4], menstrual blood [5], endometrial tissue [6-8], fallopian tube [9], and even breast milk [8,10] are underway and has been a fascinating area of research in recent years. Research on maternal sources of stem cells is most important to target the major health challenges facing women and children around the world. Despite the existence of other maternal sources, uterus being the largest female reproductive organ gains much attention as a potential source for stem cells. Based on the dynamic tissue remodelling in all compartments of the uterus, during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, it has been suggested that adult stem cells of the endometrium must play a role in uterine tissue maintenance and function and marked by its high self renewal ad regenerative potential [6,11]. In addition, it has been postulated that abnormalities of these stem cells forms the basis for a wide range of gynaecological disorders [12]. Thus, it is essential to identify the inherent property of these stem cells for regenerative medicine and determine their possible roles in causing gynaecologic diseases, thereby considering them as a possible therapeutic target for curative therapeutics. Endometrial Stem Cells
The Role of Nondrug Treatment Methods in the Management of Epilepsy

The review is devoted to the issue of nondrug epilepsy treatment in the adult population in Russia and abroad. The conducted literature review allowed us to reveal the basic nondrug epilepsy treatment options. However, not all of these options have a sufficient evidence base, and some of them are not always safe. Particularly, methods with low level of evidence include acupuncture and aromatherapy. Further studies are needed to explore the methods aimed to eliminate the epileptic system dominant through the development of a new, more powerful dominant. One of the methods, which can influence the pathogenesis of epilepsy, is physical activity for patients with epilepsy, since epileptiform activity on the EEG is reported to disappear during exercises. The positive results of the application of art therapy (music therapy) are also described in the modern literature. Tеmporhythm correction methods hold a specific place in neurorehabilitation. There are considerable amount of studies concerning the application of tempo-rhythmic methods in neurology and psychiatry. It can be concluded that these methods are relevant worldwide and can be used in diagnostics and correction of neurological and psychiatric diseases (such as schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy).
Factors Associated with Early Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices among Mothers of Infant’s Age Less Than 6 Months

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: ANC: Ante Natal Care; AOR: Adjusted Odd Ratio; COR: Crude Odd Ratio; EBF: Exclusive Breast Feeding; EIBF: Early Initiation of Breast Feeding; EDHS: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey; FMOH: Federal Ministry of Health; HEWs: Health Extension workers; IYCF: Infant and Young Child Feeding; NGOs: Non-Governmental Organizations; PNC: Postnatal Care; SNNPR: Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region; WHO: World Health Organization; TBA: Traditional Birth Attendant; RERB: Research Ethical Review Board; SES: Socio Economic Status; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Science
A Modular Approach for a Family of Ground Mobile Robots

This paper deals with Epi.q, a family of mobile robots whose main characteristic is a wheel-legged hybrid locomotion. These multi-purpose robots can be successfully exploited for security and surveillance tasks. The document presents state of the art security robotics, the Epi.q mechanical architecture, the concept behind the robot driving unit, three prototypes and the design of a new one.
Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

This review will focus on pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL), highlighting risk factors, classification, presentation, risk group assignment and treatment stratification, treatment, outcome, and long-term consequences of therapy. Other forms of pediatric leukemia, such as acute and chronic myeloid leukemia are not reviewed. The reader is referred to several recent publications reviewing these topics [1-4]. No discussion of pediatric leukemia would be complete without reference to the scientific principles and organizations which have taken this complex disease, largely fatal in the 1960’s, now mostly curable less than 60 years later.
Radiotherapy or anti CD 20 antibodies as a first treatment line in splenic marginal zone lymphoma in emergent countries: the experience in Chilean population

Various chemotherapy schemes have been evaluated in SMZL. These include: chlorambucil alone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP), or the same plus doxorrubicin (CHOP). All the mentioned schemes have limited efficacy in SMZL. The limited number of patients in these studies, as well as the selection bias (patients with advanced pathology and worse prognosis are those who undergo chemotherapy), could explain the relative advantage of splenectomy over other treatments. Rituximab, a synthetic murine/human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody has become standard therapy for malignant B-cells neoplasm including its use alone or in combination (also called chemoimmunotherapy, CIT) for SMZL [4], as well as second line therapy in other benign hematologic malignancies with splenic involvement in its pathogenesis like autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura [6].
Can Biomarkers Help Target Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Genetic Testing in Antibody-Negative Diabetes?

BACKGROUND Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an antibody-negative, autosomal dominant form of diabetes. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the expense of MODY testing, markers to identify those who need further genetic testing would be beneficial. We investigated whether HLA genotypes, random C-peptide, and/or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels could be helpful biomarkers for identifying MODY in antibody-negative diabetes. METHODS Subjects (N = 97) with diabetes onset ≤age 25, measurable C-peptide (≥0.1 ng/mL), and negative for all four diabetes autoantibodies were enrolled at a large academic center and tested for MODY 1-5 through Athena Diagnostics. A total of 22 subjects had a positive or very likely pathogenic mutation for MODY. RESULTS Random C-peptide levels were significantly different between MODY-positive and MODY-negative subjects (0.16 nmol/L vs. 0.02 nmol/L; P = 0.02). After adjusting for age and diabetes duration, hsCRP levels were significantly lower in MODY-positive subjects (0.37 mg/L vs. 0.87 mg/L; P = 0.02). Random C-peptide level ≥0.15 nmol/L obtained at ≥6 months after diagnosis had 83% sensitivity for diagnosis of MODY with a negative predictive value of 96%. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that area under the curve for random C-peptide (0.75) was significantly better than hsCRP (0.54), high-risk HLA DR3/4-DQB1*0302 (0.59), and high-risk HLA/random C-peptide combined (0.54; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Random C-peptide obtained at ≥6 months after diagnosis can be a useful biomarker to identify antibody-negative individuals who need further genetic testing for MODY, whereas hsCRP and HLA do not appear to improve this antibody/C-peptide-based approach.
An Improved TLD Visual Tracking and Detection Algorithm Based on Depth Image Information

Tracking-Learning-Detection(TLD) algorithm has the advantages of high speed, high accuracy of tracking rate and self-detection mechanism. However the sensitivity to illumination variation and background clutter leads to drift even miss for TLD algorithm under the complex environment. An improved TLD visual tracking algorithm based on depth information is proposed, which is improved from three aspects. The first is that a foreground extraction algorithm based on denoised depth data is adopted to extract the region of interest. Second, a sophisticated detection of blob approach is used to narrow down the searching area. And the third is that the non-maximal suppression strategies are applied to optimize the result. The experimental results show that the time complexity of proposed is decreased and the robustness is upgrade under challenging circumstances.
Management Vorhofflimmern – die aktualisierte ESC-Leitlinie 2016

Was ist neu? EKG-Diagnostik/Screening/Klassifikation Der Begriff „valvuläres Vorhofflimmern“ wird in der Leitlinie nicht mehr verwendet. Die Klassifikation von paroxysmalem und persistierendem Vorhofflimmern hat sich geringfügig geändert. Ein regelmäßiges, zufälliges Screening auf Vorhofflimmern nach dem 65. Lebensjahr sowie die Suche nach asymptomatischen atrialen Hochfrequenzepisoden bei Herzschrittmacherpatienten wird empfohlen. Die Beeinflussung kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren (u. a. Blutdruckeinstellung, Gewichtsreduktion) wird besonders betont. Für die Einteilung der Symptomatik hat sich die EHRA-Klassifikation geringfügig geändert. Schlaganfallprävention Eine orale Antikoagulation wird für alle Männer mit einem CHA2DS2-VASc-Score von > 2 sowie Frauen mit einem CHA2DS2-VASc-Score > 3 empfohlen. Nicht-Vitamin-K-basierte orale Antikoagulanzien (NOAK) werden bei Neueinstellungen als Antikoagulanzien der ersten Wahl empfohlen. Vitamin-K-abhängige Antikoagulanzien (VKA) sollen primär lediglich zur Schlaganfallprophylaxe bei mittel- bis hochgradiger Mitralklappenstenose oder mechanischen Herzklappen eingesetzt werden. Nach jeder medikamentösen und/oder elektrischen Kardioversion sollte unabhängig vom CHA2DS2-VASc-Score eine zumindest 4-wöchige orale Antikoagulation erfolgen. Die Verwendung von Blutungs-Scores tritt gegenüber dem CHA2DS2-VASc-Score in den Hintergrund. Das weibliche Geschlecht ist als unabhängiger Risikofaktor abgewertet worden. Bei postoperativem Vorhofflimmern sollte eine dauerhafte orale Antikoagulation erwogen werden. Frequenzregulierende und antiarrhythmische Therapie Digoxin sowie Diltiazem/Verapamil werden zur Frequenzregulation gleichwertig empfohlen. Eine Kardioversion kann unter einem NOAK ebenso wie unter einer VKA-Therapie erfolgen. Nach jeder medikamentösen/elektrischen Kardioversion ist unabhängig vom CHA2DS2-VASc-Score eine zumindest 4-wöchige Antikoagulation erforderlich. Bei der medikamentösen antiarrhythmischen Therapie richtet sich die Auswahl des Antiarrhythmikums nach einer evtl. vorhandenen kardialen Grunderkrankung. Chirurgische Ablationsverfahren wurden aufgewertet und sollen insbesondere bei persistierendem oder langanhaltendem persistierendem Vorhofflimmern erwogen werden. Bei der interventionellen Ablation werden die Cryo- und Radiofrequenzstrom-Ablation als gleichwertig betrachtet.
Energy systems: a new look at aerobic metabolism in stressful exercise

For many years the notion of the aerobic and anaerobic systems has been used to define the type of work being carried out by athletes during high intensity sports. The traditional view is that the resynthesis of ATP is supplied by three integrated systems comprising the Creatine Phosphate (PCr), lactic and aerobic systems [1]. This now appears to have been incorrect [2]. The three-system model does not explain why certain timelines of performance seem to exist in the aerobic area of metabolism. The balance of how each of these systems contributes at different times has been reviewed by a number of authors. As the anaerobic contribution declines, the aerobic increases with continued activity duration [3,4]. Larsen (2010) referred to the first and second ventilatory thresholds, which in other papers have been defined as the aerobic threshold, lactate threshold, max-lass, anaerobic threshold and onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA) [5-7]. These points have been seen as important in determining the transition from the predominance of the aerobic system to the “lactate system. ” This definition is incorrect however, as the thresholds speak more about the relationship between clearance rates and lactate production than lactate production alone. The literature is littered with confusion as to where each occurs and what it means, mostly due to the mix of protocols [8] and subjects used (elite athletes, middle-aged sedentary, college students etc). The effect of this was to create confusion as to what went on, where and why. Although some activities may rely predominately on a single system (either very short or very long duration activities, where the percentage contribution from of the other systems is small), the timing and intensity of other activities require a significant contribution of more than one energy transfer system. All activities activate each energy system to some degree, depending on exercise intensity and duration.
Diagnosenkodierung in deutschen Arztpraxen aus klassifikatorischer Sicht: Eine retrospektive Studie mit Routinedaten

Ziel der Studie Niedergelassene Haus- und Facharzte behandeln ein breites Spektrum an Erkrankungen. Das Kodieren von Diagnosen erfolgt mittels der jahresaktuellen Version der Internationalen statistischen Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme, 10. Revision, German Modification (ICD-10-GM). Das Ziel dieser Studie war, die aktuelle Breite und Tiefe der Diagnosendokumentation in der vertragsarztlichen Versorgung zu beschreiben. Unter den gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen konnte diese in einer Nutzung unterschiedlichster aber vielfach nicht-terminaler ICD-10-GM-Kodes erwartet werden. Methodik Der retrospektiven Studie lagen Abrechnungsdatensatze von 900 Praxen aus 13 Arztgruppen der KV-Regionen Brandenburg und Nordrhein aus dem Abrechnungszeitraum Oktober 2014 – September 2015 zu Grunde. Eingeschlossen wurden 22 287 583 Datensatze. Der normierte Gini-Koeffizient wurde als Mas zur Darstellung der Konzentration verwendet. Ergebnisse Der Anteil terminaler ICD-10-GM-Kodes an der Gesamtheit der Datensatze lag bei 97,6 %. Hierbei verzeichneten die HNO-Arzte den grosten Anteil (99,6 %), den geringsten Anteil die Orthopaden und Kardiologen (jeweils 94,0 %). Die groste Breite an unterschiedlichen ICD-10-GM-Kodes zeigte sich bei den Hausarzten (71,1 % aller terminalen Kodes), die geringste Breite bei den Augenarzten (22,9 %). Die geringste Konzentration von ICD-10-GM-Kodes zeigte sich bei den Hausarzten (Gini-Koeffizient: 0,56), die groste Konzentration bei den Augenarzten (0,93). Schlussfolgerung Die Facharzte nutzten hauptsachlich ein umschriebenes Set an ICD-10-GM-Kodes. Hausarzte nutzten nicht nur eine sehr weite Palette von ICD-10-GM-Kodes sondern kodierten diese sehr haufig terminal. Dies spricht fur eine hohe Kodierqualitat.
Pleural Endometriosis Associated with Catamenial Hemothorax: A Case Report

Pleural endometriosis is a rare condition that leads to anxiety and suffering on affected patients. We suspect of pleural endometriosis when pulmonary symptoms are associated with the menstrual cycle. We report a case of a 40 year-old nulligravid patient who presented dispnea and thoracic pain during menstruation. The diagnosis was confirmed based on biopsy performed during exploratory thoractomy procedure.
Design and simulation of an interferometric Doppler radar altimeter

Interferometry techniques can be effectively applied to nadir looking radar altimeters to allow elevation measurement capability over non-stationary surfaces, such as ice, terrain and coastal lines. The main design criteria of such an instrument are described in the paper and the elevation measurement performance over real-topography scenes are assessed through numerical simulation.
UML-based modeling and multi-threaded simulation for hybrid dynamic systems

Recently, modeling and simulation for the hybrid dynamic systems (HDS) have attracted much attention for manufacturing systems. However, most available HDS modeling approaches usually result in unnatural and complex models as both discrete logic and continuous behavior are involved. In this paper, we extend the statechart of the standard unified modeling language (UML) to model HDS with a natural representation and show that the proposed extended UML modeling approach provides more compact and clearer specifications for complex interdependencies between discrete and continuous behavior. Furthermore, a Java-based real-time kernel is developed to implement the simulation of the extended UML models. In the proposed approach, Java provides an implementation path and the extended UML provides a reverse engineering path for the HDS. Finally, an application of a three-axis motion control system is provided to illustrate the overall modeling and simulation approach.
Extraction of Hydroxyapatite from Bovine and Human Cortical Bone by Thermal Decomposition and Effect of Gamma Radiation: A Comparative Study

For the treatment of bone defect autogenous bone is most desirable, but there are several drawbacks and risks involved in using autogenic bone such as limited harvest due to insufficient donors, post-operative pain, increased blood loss, secondary surgical wounds and risk of thrombosis [3-5]. Allograft bone could overcome the above limitations, but it endures the risk of transmission of infection (e.g. HIV, Hepatitis etc.) [6-8]. another possible alternative of treatment for bone defect is xenogenous bone, which is morphologically and structurally similar to human bone. It is usually derived from bovine origin and easy to obtain, lower cost and available in unlimited supply.