Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microalgae as Producers of Biologically Active Compounds with Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antifungal, Antialgal, Antiprotozoal, Antiparasitic and Anticancer Activity

Algae have increasingly gained public importance as a sustainable resource in biomedicine (Lee and Mooney, 2012). In this respect, scientometric studies (Garfield, 2006; Konur, 2020) have a lot to offer to enable the key stakeholders to inform themselves about algal science, technology, and medicine, and the underlying research areas in the fields of algal research, especially in biomedicine (Konur, 2016). The ecological and biological diversity of algae allow the synthesis of a variety of biologically active substances that can offer hope for the treatment of many diseases. This review aims to emphasize microalgae action against infectious and parasitic diseases, including cancer diseases. The reason to discuss these illnesses together is the way they affect the macroorganism as a host. Therefore, it is crucially important to highlight and to consider the challenging features and activities of microalgae, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antialgal, antiprotozoal, antiparasitic and anticancer activities. Studies to date have revealed the enormous ecological role of microalgae and the potential for deriving a variety of metabolites from them to be used for treatment of people, animals and other living beings.
hari ke-9, monosit mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan pada hari ke-9, leukosit mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan pada hari ke-9, dan limfosit mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan pada hari ke-16. Berdasarkan hasil analisis secara

Papaya plant (Carica papaya L.) is one of the plants of the Caricaceae family that is widely known have multiple health benefits. This study aims to determine the immunomodulatory activity of ethanol extracts of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) conducted in vivo on Wistar strain rats using the bacteria induction and CBC-Diff method. Observation of immunomodulatory activity was carried out on parameters of consistency of feces, number of monocytes, neutrophils, leukocytes, and lymphocytes. On the 7th and 14th day the rats were induced with Shigella dysentriae and blood sample was collected on days 0, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, and 21 to measurement the number of leukocytes and their components with a hematology analyzer. The results of examination of blood samples showed that the neutrophil parameters increased on the 8th day and decreased on the 9th day, monocytes experienced a significant increase on the 9th day, leukocytes experienced a significant increase on the 9th day, and lymphocytes experienced a significant increase on the 16th day. Based on the results of statistical analysis with the Variance Analysis (ANAVA) method, it was concluded that papaya leaf extract showed significant immunomodulatory activity and a dose of 800 mg/kg BW showed the highest immunomodulatory activity in terms of neutrophil and monocyte parameters.
106-Review Paper on Brain Tumor Detection Using Pattern Recognition Techniques

: Brain Tumor is an abnormal growth caused by cells reproducing themselves in a uncontrolled manner. Brain Tumor segmentation aims to separate the different tumor tissues such as active cells, necrotic core & edema from normal brain tissues of White Matter(WM), Gray Matter (GM), Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF). Tumor segmentation from MRI data is an Important but time consuming manual task performed by medical experts. Accurate Detection of size & Location of Brain Tumor plays a vital role in the diagnosis of Tumor. Image Processing is an active Research area in which medical image processing is highly challenging field. In this paper various feature extraction and classification methods which are used for detection of brain tumor from MRI images are reviewed.
Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

This study explores the development of laypeople’s preferences for newly emerging climate engineering technology (CE). It examines whether laypeople perceive CE to be an acceptable back-up strategy (plan B) if current efforts to mitigate CO2 emissions were to fail. This idea is a common justification for CE research in the scientific debate and may significantly influence future public debates. Ninety-eight German participants chose their preferred climate policy strategy in a quasi-realistic scenario. Participants could chose between mitigation and three CE techniques as alternative options. We employed a think-aloud interview technique, which allowed us to trace participants’ informational needs and thought processes. Drawing on Huber’s risk management decision theory, the study addressed whether specific CE options are more likely to be accepted if they are mentally represented as a back-up strategy. Results support this assumption, especially for cloud whitening. This result is especially relevant considering the high prevalence of the plan B framing in CE appraisal studies and its implications for public opinion-formation processes.
Analysis of Deformation of Float Glass with Heat Treatment in Vehicle Windshield Applications

Abstract Article Info Submitted: 25/09/2020 Revised: 19/10/2020 Accepted: 22/10/2020 Online first: 29/11/2020 The purpose of this study was to determine the shape change characteristics of float sheet glass using heat treatment experiments on its surface. This involved the use of a float glass type with a thickness of 5 mm, a width of 840 mm, and length of 1350 mm as the test specimen and the heat transfer experiments and treatment were conducted through conduction with the heat distribution recorded to be between 34 °C and 600 °C at every 5 minutes within 60 minutes in a heating furnace. The analysis focused on the characteristics of the glass surface exposed to fire with emphasis placed on the temperature during the deflection changes in the entire glass surface, the dimensional changes at the edges of the glass which follow the glass printing pattern, and the changes in temperature on the upper and lower surfaces of the curved glass mold. The results showed the existence of a very clear change in each temperature or conduction heat when the shape of the glass is changed to curve with the ideal shape observed to have changed at a temperature of 482.50 °C. Moreover, dimensional changes were 1.0427 m2 and the variations in the temperature were 107.55 °C and the continuous increase in the heat was to have led to a faster change in the glass shape by 11.2°. This, therefore, means a higher temperature or room temperature affects the firing rate of glass bending and also increases the rate of heat absorption.
Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for Particle Physics

​ — Existing methods for simulating particle collision experiments like those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are time-consuming, slow, and expensive. In these experiments, two high-energy beams of particles are collided with one another, and the resulting “particle shower” is recorded by calorimeter sensors that surround the beams. We explore using a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) to simulate the sensor data that is recorded from these experiments. Taking particle type (photon or pion) and momentum as inputs, it generates a two-dimensional image representing a slice from the three-dimensional array of LCD electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) sensors.
Identification of digital voice biomarkers for cognitive health.

Aim Human voice contains rich information. Few longitudinal studies have been conducted to investigate the potential of voice to monitor cognitive health. The objective of this study is to identify voice biomarkers that are predictive of future dementia. Methods Participants were recruited from the Framingham Heart Study. The vocal responses to neuropsychological tests were recorded, which were then diarized to identify participant voice segments. Acoustic features were extracted with the OpenSMILE toolkit (v2.1). The association of each acoustic feature with incident dementia was assessed by Cox proportional hazards models. Results Our study included 6, 528 voice recordings from 4, 849 participants (mean age 63 ± 15 years old, 54.6% women). The majority of participants (71.2%) had one voice recording, 23.9% had two voice recordings, and the remaining participants (4.9%) had three or more voice recordings. Although all asymptomatic at the time of examination, participants who developed dementia tended to have shorter segments than those who were dementia free (P < 0.001). Additionally, 14 acoustic features were significantly associated with dementia after adjusting for multiple testing (P < 0.05/48 = 1 × 10-3). The most significant acoustic feature was jitterDDP_sma_de (P = 7.9 × 10-7), which represents the differential frame-to-frame Jitter. A voice based linear classifier was also built that was capable of predicting incident dementia with area under curve of 0.812. Conclusions Multiple acoustic and linguistic features are identified that are associated with incident dementia among asymptomatic participants, which could be used to build better prediction models for passive cognitive health monitoring.
Microstructure identification during crystallization of charged colloidal suspensions

Abstract We use a polarized light microscope in its orthoscopic and conoscopic arrangements and laser light diffraction to study the effect of particle volume fraction and cell thickness on the microstructure of crystallizing suspensions of negatively charged polystyrene microspheres. Deionized suspensions of these particles nucleate at random sites in the bulk of the suspension to give a variety of structures, orientations and sizes. Orthoscopic observation of the Bragg diffraction colors between crossed polars and conoscopic inspection of the interference figures reveal structural details. We find that the crystallites grow by parallel stacking of the (111) layers to single and twin fcc structures. At moderate volume fractions, Φ ≈ 0.09, the structures are essentially “frozen” in space by their neighbors. At lower concentrations, Φ ≈ 0.05, the crystallites are larger with smoother boundaries and exhibit a range of colors. In thick cells, L ≥ 200 μm, and Φ ≤ 0.05, the colored crystallites become dark wit.
Perfomance Comparison of Genetic and Greedy Algorithms in Underlay Device-to-Device Communication

The number of cellular users (CU) continues to increase in Indonesia. This impacts a large network load for the number of devices connected to the main network so it will have an impact on the quality of service. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication as components for LTE-A technology enabling a direct wireless link between the CUs without routing the data via the evolved Node B (eNB) signal or the core network. The need for algorithm and power control used to allocate radio resources so it can get a good quality of service because of communications technology D2D. In this study, we analyze and compare the performance parameters of D2D communication systems, including system interference, system sum-rate, system spectral efficiency, total energy system, and system energy efficiency based on Genetic and Greedy Algorithms in allocating radio resources and controlling the power of users. The genetic algorithm works with three operators in allocating resource block (RB), including proportional selection, crossover, and mutation. This process is repeated many times to produce several generations so that the best allocation can be got. The genetic algorithm has a flexible number of D2D and cellular communications in several RBs, minimum signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) also considered for mobile communication in ensuring the quality of its services. Numerical evaluations demonstrate the superior performance of the Genetic Algorithm in terms of system power, energy efﬁciency, and interference mitigation. As repetition gets larger, the Genetic algorithm results in better spectral efficiency.
Attachment Styles and Self-Esteem among Adolescents

The current research aims to find the relationship between secure attachment style and self-esteem among latency adolescence. The assumptions developed for the study stated that a) secure attachment style would be positively correlated with self-esteem among Adolescents. b) Insecure attachment style (anxious and avoidant) would be negatively correlated with self-esteem among adolescents. The sample of the study comprised of 180 adolescents including 90 male and 90 female adolescents with age ranges between 12 to 16 years (M=13.27, SD=1.13) were selected through purposive sampling technique from private schools based in Karachi, Pakistan. After taking approval from the authorities, the participant's assent to participate in the research was taken and a demographic form was administered. To measure the effect of attachment on self-esteem, the Attachment Style Classification Questionnaire (Finzi et al., 1996) and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) were used. Descriptive statistics and Pearson product-moment coefficient of correlation were applied to study the correlation among the study variables. The finding shows a noteworthy relationship between secure attachment styles and self-esteem was found with an r-value of . 118 and a P value of . 116.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS EDUCATION FOR PROGRESSIVE NIGERIA

This educational research paper discusses happiness education and its implications for national progress in Nigeria as a nation. In the process, it examines happiness as a concept from various perspectives which include philosophical, psychological and religious perspectives. It also examines happiness education considering approaches which include eudaimonic approach and hedonic approach. The problem of depression and other problems, happiness education from the points of meaning, aim, curriculum, role of teacher, role of counsellors, learning environment, role of parents, and more, are also discussed. The study also examines implications of happiness education for national development in Nigeria. Several postulations and arguments feature in this study. The analysis shows that happiness is a feeling of pleasure which is one of the desires of the world. Education involves knowledge transmission and acquisition, skills development and building of good character. The analysis also reveals that happiness education focuses on enhancing happiness of the individuals and the society through education. Happiness education can solve the problem of depression and other related problems like some adverse effects of coronavirus pandemic, sexism, racism, corruption, and more, as it enhances the happiness and total development of individuals and the society. Therefore, it is suggested that happiness education is promoted in Nigeria for solution to problems and national progress.
Dendritic integration theory: A thalamo-cortical theory of state and content of consciousness

The idea that the thalamo-cortical system is the crucial constituent of the neurobiological mechanisms of consciousness has a long history. For the last few decades, however, consciousness research has to a large extent overlooked the interplay between the cortex and thalamus. Here we revive an integrated view of the neurobiology of consciousness by presenting and discussing several recent major findings about the role of the thalamocortical interactions in consciousness. Based on these findings we propose a specific cellular mechanism how thalamic nuclei modulate the integration of different processing streams within single cortical pyramidal neurons. This theory is inspired by recent work done in rodents, but it integrates decades of work conducted on various species. We illustrate how this new view readily explains various properties and experimental phenomena associated with conscious experience. We discuss the implications of this idea and some of the experiments that need to be done in order to test it. Our view bridges two long-standing perspectives on the neural mechanisms of consciousness and proposes that cortical and thalamo-cortical processing interact at the level of single pyramidal cells.
Collisional Detachment Studies of NO

Rate constants for collisional detachment of NO−, NO− + X → NO + X + e, have been measured from 193 to 506°K for X as He, Ne, H2, NO, CO, CO2, N2O, and NH3. The data fit Arrhenius plots kd=Ae−E/kT with both A and E showing large variations with X. From equilibrium constant considerations, electron attachment rates to NO have been calculated. An estimate for the electron affinity of NO3 is obtained from some auxiliary considerations. Rate constants for the charge‐transfer reactions of NO− with O2 and NO2 were found to be 5 and 7.4 × 10−10 cm3sec−1, respectively.
Simultaneous determination of five major active depsides in the freeze-dried Dan-Shen injection by LC

To establish an high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method for the first time to simultaneously determine five major bioactive depsides, salianic acid A , protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, salvianolic acid G and salvianolic acid D in freeze-dried Dan-Shen injection. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Phenomenex Hydro-C18 reserved-phase column (4.6×250 mm, 4 mm) by stepwise gradient elution with acetonitrile and water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, v/v) as the mobile phase. The UV detection wavelength was set at 281 nm for salianic acid A and protocatechuic aldehyde, 260 nm for protocatechuic acid, 228 nm for salvianolic acid G and 322 nm for salvianolic acid D, respectively. Good linear relationships were observed between peak areas and concentrations with r2 values above 0.9997 for all the analytes. Average recoveries for the five major actives ranged from 98.3 to 99.4%. This method was rapid, sensitive, accurate, and could be readily applied to the quality assessment of freeze-dried Dan-Shen injection. Key words: Column liquid chromatography, depsides, freeze-dried Dan-Shen injection, quality control.
The Causal Relationship between Interest Rate and Investment in Egypt: ARDL Approach for the period 1980-2018

Studying the role of interest rate to motivate investment has seen increasing interest worldwide, especially in developing economies. However, statistics have shown that investment in Egypt has been moderate during the period (1980-2018). Study data collected from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund databases. It also ensured that the time series were made balanced and interconnected, and then the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method used in the analysis. The empirical results indicate both, presence of long-run Cointegration between the investment and interest rate, and interest rate granger causes investment, which is our primary concern of this research. The study recommends the Egyptian government reconsidering many of the general state policies, including investment policies, financial and administrative governance, and monetary policy that focuses on maintaining a balanced interest rate that improves and motivate the investment environment.
Research on the Expectation and Anxiety of the Elderly in the Future

The purpose of this study was to explore the population attributes of the elderly, the expectation of senior life, and the impact of anxiety on the mental health of the elderly. This study used a questionnaire survey method, which was conducted by participants who participated in lifelong learning in Taiwan. A total of 348 valid samples were processed and analyzed by statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, t-test, and single-factor variance analysis. The study found that: 1. Retired elderly are generally good about future expectation and future anxiety; 2. In the expectation of the elderly, women, retirees, and low-education are most likely to have an expectation; 3. On the anxiety of elderly female, highly educated, 64-65 years old have a greater need for conversion learning; 4. The problem of elderly expectation has a mediating effect on the relationship between elderly anxiety problems.
Gibberellic Acid Alters Sucrose, Hexoses, and Their Gradients in Peel Tissues During Color Break Delay in 'Hamlin' Orange

We investigated the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) application before color break on peel color, fruit respiration, and soluble sugars in different tissues of 'Hamlin' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. ) fruit to test the hypothesis that GA3 influence on peel color might be mediated by sugars. Fruit were sprayed with GA3 (45 gha -1 a.i.) in early October of 2 consecutive years. Peel color, whole-fruit respiration, and fructose, glucose, and sucrose levels were quantified in flavedo and albedo tissues when nontreated fruit were still green, at precolor break, color break, and when peels were fully yellow. Fruit treated with GA3 remained more green-colored than nontreated fruit, and differences between them were detectable by 12 or 21 days after treatment (Years 1 and 2, respectively). Fruit respiration rates were similar in both groups regardless of peel color. Effects of GA3 on color transition were evident only after significant differences emerged in flavedo glucose (both years) and fructose (second year) levels. Moreover, there was a linear, inverse relationship between green peel color and flavedo fructose (r 2 = 0.68, first year; 0.72, second year) and glucose levels (r 2 = 0.60, first year; 0.50, second year). In contrast, sucrose levels in the flavedo showed a less consistent relationship with peel color. The GA3 treatment maintained a descending sucrose gradient from the albedo to the flavedo that was typical of young, photosynthetically active fruit. This gradient dissipated during peel color change of nontreated fruit. These data support the hypothesis that soluble sugars could be contributing effectors of the GA3-mediated delay in chloroplast-to-chromoplast conversions by the orange flavedo.
Pregnane-type steroidal alkaloids of Sarcococca saligna: a new class of cholinesterase inhibitors

Phytochemical investigation of Sarcococca saligna by extensive bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of the pregnane-type steroidal alkaloids 1–15, i.e. of the five new compounds 1–5 and the ten known alkaloids 6–15. The structures of the new alkaloids salignenamide C (1), salignenamide D (2), 2β-hydroxyepipachysamine D (3), salignenamide E (4), and salignenamide F (5) were elucidated with the help of modern spectroscopic techniques, while the known alkaloids axillarine C (6), axillarine F (7), sarcorine (8), N3-demethylsaracodine (9), saligcinnamide (10), salignenamide A (11), vaganine A (12), axillaridine A (13), sarsalignone (14), and sarsalignenone (15) were identified by comparing their spectral data with those reported earlier. Inhibition of electric-eel acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) and horse-serum butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) by alkaloids 1–15 were investigated. These new cholinesterase inhibitors may act as potential leads in the discovery of clinically useful inhibitors for nervous-system disorders, particularly by reducing memory deficiency in Alzheimer's disease patients by potentiating and effecting the cholinergic transmission process. These compounds were found to inhibit both enzymes in a concentration-dependent fashion with the IC50 values ranging from 5.21–227.92 μM against acetylcholinesterase and 2.18–38.36 μM against butyrylcholinesterase.