Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health-Promoting Phytochemicals in Fruits and Vegetables: Impact of Abiotic Stresses and Crop Production Practices

Phytochemicals are the primary source of antioxidants in the human diet and play an important role in combating the damaging effects of oxidative stress and other adverse cell responses that can lead to a wide variety of chronic and degenerative illnesses. These phytochemicals typically consist of a wide array of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and carotenoids, and have been shown to promote health and provide protection against a growing list of diseases including various cancers and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. A significant part of the antioxidants found in plants is the products of plant secondary metabolism, and these antioxidants appear to have similar protective function in plants against oxidative damage caused by various stresses, as they do in animals, including humans. In response to stresses and, more importantly, as an adaptive mechanism, plants tend to shift toward secondary metabolism resulting in the accumulation of protective antioxidants. Accumulation of phytochemicals in response to various abiotic stresses such as high and low temperatures, water stress and high light has been studied in a wide range of plants. Thus, the use of mild and controlled environmental stresses may provide an opportunity to improve the health-promoting qualities of many commonly consumed fruits and vegetables. In addition, a number of factors such as plant nutrition, growing conditions (e.g., open fields, protective environments and organic culture) and crop production and postharvest management practices have also been known to have a significant impact on the phytochemical composition of many fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this review is to characterize the nature of the relationship between these factors and the phytochemical accumulation in fruits and vegetables, which is important in developing potential strategies to improve their quality through enhanced health-promoting and nutritive value.
School effectiveness and truancy: a multilevel study of upper secondary schools in Stockholm

ABSTRACT Truancy is a problem associated with a range of negative consequences at the individual and societal level, both in the short and the long term. Few earlier studies have investigated the association between school effectiveness and truancy. The aim of this study is to examine the links between three teacher-rated features of school effectiveness – school leadership, teacher cooperation and consensus, and school ethos – and student-reported truancy. Data were collected in 2016 among 4,956 students and 1,045 teachers in 46 upper secondary schools in Stockholm. Results from two-level binary logistic regression analyses show that higher teacher ratings of the school leadership and of the school ethos (but not of teacher cooperation and consensus) are associated with a lower likelihood of truancy at the student-level, even when adjusting for student- and school-level sociodemographic characteristics. The findings indicate that effective school characteristics may contribute to reducing students’ inclination to play truant.
Blocking Probabilities for a Single Link with Trunk Reservation

Abstract A single link in a circuit-switched network is considered. The link has C circuits, R of which are reserved for the primary (directly offered) traffic. Offered calls arrive in independent Poisson streams with mean rates λ and ν for the primary and secondary (rerouted) traffic, respectively, and corresponding independent and exponentially distributed holding times with means 1 and 1/κ. A primary call requires just 1 circuit, whereas a secondary call requires t circuits, where t is a positive integer. A primary call is blocked on arrival if all C circuits are busy, whereas a secondary call is blocked if more than C − R − t circuits are busy. Blocked calls are lost to the link. The critically loaded case in which λ⪢1, C −λ= O ( $Rλ$t ), R = O ( $Rλ$T ), and ν=γ $Rλ$T , where γ= O (1), is investigated. Asymptotic approximations to B 1 and B 2 , the blocking probabilities for the primary and secondary traffic, are derived. The results are explicit if κ=1, but involve expansions in powers of γ for κ≠1, in which it is shown how to determine the coefficients recursively. The first two terms in powers of γ are given explicitly. An alternate approach, which involves truncation rather than power series expansions, is presented. The case R = O (1) is also considered, and explicit results are obtained. Finally, an approximation proposed by J. W. Roberts is investigated. The approximation is shown to be asymptotically correct if κ=1, or if R = O (1), but not if κ≠1 and R = O ( $Rλ$T ). Interestingly, Roberts' approximation corresponds to truncation with just 2 coefficients. Truncation with more coefficients leads to refinements of his approximation.
Rupture propagation beyond fault discontinuities: significance of fault strike and location

SUMMARY Earthquake rupture sometimes occurs on several faults, and often decelerates or terminates at fault stepovers. Factors that control the rupture processes across stepovers are important for an understanding of earthquake growth and termination. In this study, we investigate such factors by calculating the spontaneous rupture processes of two non-coplanar faults in a 3-D model. Dealing with two extreme models in which two strike-slip faults are either parallel or perpendicular, we show that the rupture processes beyond fault discontinuities are drastically different for the two models. We find three factors influencing rupture processes beyond fault discontinuities: depth of the upper edge of the two faults, location of the edge of the first fault and geometry of the two faults. These factors determine the time and location of rupture jumps to the second fault. For rupture propagation to the second fault, it is essential for rupture on the first fault to arrive at the edge of the fault. In particular, whether rupture on the first fault reaches the Earth’s surface or not controls the difficulty of rupture jumps and the locations where the rupture is triggered, which is also related to the step direction of the two faults. This is because the stress perturbation at the fault edge is affected by the Earth’s free surface.
Modeling 3-D configuration of Plate Boundaries in and around Japanese Islands

We constructed very fine configuration model of plate boundaries in and around Japanese islands. We modeled Pacific plate and Philippine Sea plate. The mesh interval is 8km x 8km. We parameterized the plate configuration from hypocenter distribution with superposition of basis functions using ABIC criterion. In numerical calculation, we modified algorithm to use only non-zero terms in matrices, and we could reduce execution count drastically.
Development of two sequence-specific PCR markers linked to the le gene that reduces pod shattering in narrow-leafed Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)

Wild types of narrow-leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) have seed pods that shatter upon maturity, leading to the loss of their seeds before or during the harvest process. Two recessive genes have been incorporated into domesticated cultivars of this species to maximize harvest-ability of the produce. One of these genes is called lentus (le). Two microsatellite - anchored fragment length polymorphism (MFLP) candidate markers were identified as closely linked to the le gene in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a domesticated x wild type cross. The candidate MFLP markers were isolated from the gel, re-amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced. The MFLP polymorphisms were converted into sequence-specific PCR-based markers. Linkage analysis by MapManager indicated that one of the markers, LeM1, was 2.6 centiMorgans (cM) and the other, LeM2, was 1.3 cM from the gene, with both being on the same side. The correlation between the marker genotype and the plant phenotype for the le gene is 95% for the Australian cultivars, and approximately 36% on wild types tested. These markers may be useful in marker assisted selection for the le gene when introgressing wild material into lupin breeding programs.
Corona Mortis: Surgical Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Significance

Corona mortis (CM) is classically defined as the arterial anastomosis between the obturator artery and the inferior epigastric artery that crosses the posterior aspect of the superior ramus of the symphysis pubis. Its clinical impact is considered great, as it lies within the surgical field of numerous specialties (general surgeons, orthopedists, gynecologists, urologists). Our systematic study of the literature revealed a diversity in the incidence of the Corona Mortis between cadaveric and patient studies. The new technological advances and especially the CT angiography, applied on the retropubic region vessels, have given the chance to obtain more precise depictions and thus estimations on the real incidence of corona mortis. This review intends to extract for the first time the corona mortisrsquo incidence from the major CT angiographic studies in bibliography and compare it with the incidence of CM in the major cadaveric studies. Special attention was given to the question whether this anastomosis is that important as its name implies (mortis) in the clinical setting or not.
Timbre recognition of single notes using an ARTMAP neural network

In this paper, a model for the perception of musical instrument timbre is presented. The model uses an ARTMAP neural network to distinguish single notes played by five different instruments. The duration of each note is quite short. The recognition of timbre is based on three acoustic properties: spectral synchrony, slope of the attacks and spectral distribution. Arrays of values of the above properties are used as input patterns. By training the network with a large number of different input patterns a robust pattern recognizer for timbre identification is constructed. The choice of this specific type of neural network model provides the ability for creating timbre categories which can continuously be updated at any point of operation, while at the same time, knowledge of previously learned categories is retained.
Gaming at work to save energy-Supporting behavioural change of occupants through cooperative games

Commercial buildings are one of the main contributors to energy consumption while both energy management and occupants’ consumption behaviour play crucial roles in how energy is consumed. This study explored the energy awareness of occupants in a commercial building with the goal to investigate how increased awareness could support behaviour change. For this purpose, a cooperative gamified visualization of energy consumption data, “EnerSpace”, is designed, implemented and evaluated. 8 occupants participated in this study who experienced a one-week baseline period and a one-week “EnerSpace” game period. In EnerSpace, the participants were divided into two teams and powered a spaceship with their energy saving respectively on a resource exploitation trip to Mars. Each participant had an avatar in the spaceship who introduced the participant’s personal consumption data. The energy conservation of the participants affects the moving speed of the spaceship and the living condition of their avatars. Participants were rewarded by a postcard sent by the avatars when reaching a destination. The results showed that the participants 1) decreased their energy consumption, 2) reported a fun and engaging experience with EnerSpace, and 3) felt motivated for energy conservation by different motives. This study indicated a potential for energy saving in a commercial building using a cooperative gamified visualization.
Comparative study of two lead-free piezoceramics using diffraction techniques

A comparative study of two distinct lead-free piezoceramics, (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)0.92–(BaTiO3)0.06–(K0.5Na0.5NbO3)0.02 and (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)0.94–(BaTiO3)0.05–(K0.5Na0.5NbO3)0.01, termed 92-06-02 and 94-05-01, respectively, is presented. The samples were investigated by complementary diffraction techniques, namely X-ray, neutron and electron diffraction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder diffraction experiments clearly revealed the presence of both rhombohedral and tetragonal phases in space groups R3c and P4bm, respectively. Superlattice reflections observed in the diffraction patterns were used to identify the two phases. It was found that sample 92-06-02, with a high proportion of the nonpolar tetragonal phase, shows a grainy contrast, whereas specimen 94-05-01 features domain-like contrast, related to a higher rhombohedral phase fraction. The combination of local scale analyses via TEM with X-ray and neutron diffraction provides the experimental basis for further structural investigations.
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Older Adults Perception About Fall Risks

Introduction: In Brazil, 28% to 35% of individuals over the age of 65 fall each year. Literature suggests that 30% to 40% of falls are preventable through management of risk factors. However, adherence in prevention programs depends on older adults' perceptions about falling. Objective: To develop and to validate a questionnaire to evaluate older adults' perception about fall risks factors. Method: This study was developed through qualitative and methodological approaches. Qualitative method was conducted through content analysis and the questionnaire was tested through content and face validity techniques. Results: The two main categories from qualitative analysis, falls problematization and the perception of risk factors, served as basis for the development of the questionnaire. The proposed research tool, with 36 questions was sent to content validity analysis through evaluation of "judges", in three aspects: clarity of language, importance and theoretical relevance. With these results, it was possible to calculate the validity coefficient (VC).
Cooperative Protocol for Analog Network Coding in Wireless Networks

We consider a cooperative protocol for wireless networks employing analog network coding (ANC) for the case of independent, uncoordinated transmissions. In particular, we present a protocol under which network nodes allow the transmitted signals to interfere both at the final destination of the signal and also at an intermediate node that subsequently acts as a relay of the interfered signal. The relay employs cooperative and multicast amplify-and-forwarding. We analyze this cooperative protocol and present an algorithm to recover signals from overlapped transmissions. We study the impact of overlapped signal transmissions on the throughput of the system, and show that even under considerable interference, the performance of the system is improved in comparison to an orthogonal amplify-and-forward protocol.
Implementing Bounded Linear Programming and Analytical Network Process Fuzzy Models to Motivate Employees: a Case Study

In this research, the factors affectinguniversity employees’ motivation and productivity are identified and classified in seven groups; the impact of each motivation factor on the productivity is presented by ANP fuzzy model.Eight universities in Iran were analyzed in this research work. The aim of this study is to explore the productivity of employees. This paper attempts to give new insights intodesigning the portfolio factors, motivating employees for productivity improvement by implementing BLP and ANP fuzzy models.The research results show that there is a positive and significant relationship among reward system, motivation factors, and human resources productivity. In addition, among the options of reward system, the factors of internal (inherent) reward, non-financial external reward, and financial external reward had the highestimpact on increasing motivation and productivity factors. At the next stage, a BLP model is designed according to the importance and impact of each reward system option on motivation and productivity factors and organization limitations, including budget, facilities, and conditions to design portfolio factors motivating employees with the aim of improving productivity. The research results show that actualizing performance evaluation, receiving the feedback from the results of doing tasks by different ways, providing an opportunity for all employees to progress, coordination between job specifications and employees’ abilities, and a manager competency are very critical for improving the organization productivity.
Space–time measures of demand for service: bridging location modelling and accessibility studies through a time‐geographic framework

Abstract Demand for service in location modelling is often evaluated based on the spatial proximity of fixed and static reference locations of demand (e.g. home) to a facility, which ignores person‐specific activity–travel patterns and the temporal changes in demand for service throughout the day. To address these limitations, this study draws upon recent developments in space–time measures of individual accessibility to explore the spatial and temporal structures of demand by considering individuals' space–time constraints and impact of existing urban structures. Based on a time‐geographic framework, eight space–time demand measures were developed and compared with three conventional location‐based demand measures for 12 hospitals through an empirical study conducted in Columbus, Ohio. The results show that geographic proximity between clients' home and facilities may not be an effective indicator for service demand, and conventional demand measures tend to underestimate potential demand for service in most situations. The study concludes that space–time demand measures that take into account people's activity‐travel patterns in space–time would lead to better estimation of demand for service in most cases.
Herschel observations of the Centaurus cluster – the dynamics of cold gas in a cool core

Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in the cores of galaxy clusters have distinctly different properties from other low-redshift massive ellipticals. The majority of the BCGs in coolcore clusters show signs of active star formation. We present observations of NGC 4696, the BCG of the Centaurus galaxy cluster, at far-infrared (FIR) wavelengths with the Herschel space telescope. Using the PACS spectrometer, we detect the two strongest coolants of the interstellar medium, [C II] at 157.74 μm and [O I] at 63.18 μm, and in addition [N II] at 121.90 μm. The [C II] emission is extended over a region of 7 kpc with a similar spatial morphology and kinematics to the optical Hα emission. This has the profound implication that the optical hydrogen recombination line, Hα, the optical forbidden lines, [N II] λ6583 A, the soft X-ray filaments and the FIR [C II] line all have the same energy source. We also detect dust emission using the PACS and SPIRE photometers at all six wavebands. We perform a detailed spectral energy distribution fitting using a two-component modified
Towards Full-fledged XML Fragmentation for Transactional Distributed Databases

In data distribution design, fragmentation has been widely applied to provide scalable and available database services. Recently, the advent of cloud computing and the dissemination of large-scale distributed systems have shown that the traditional solution for data distribution is not suitable. In this paper we tackle the fragmentation problem for transactional databases which are highly distributed. Our specific goal is to develop a fragmentation approach that avoids distributed transactions and, consequently, improve the system throughput and maximize storage. To this purpose, we analyze a transactional workload in order to pack the most correlated data in the same fragment or in a set of few fragments. We are particularly focused on the XML model since it is a flexible model to support several applications, including systems in the cloud. This paper presents the current state of our work, preliminary results of our contribution and future directions we intend to pursue. keywords: distribution design, fragmentation, XML, distributed transaction, cloud datastore, graph partitioning.
Treatment Options for Psychotic Depression in Older People : Focused Literature review by New Zealand Psychogeriatric Team

Background: Psychotic major depressive disorder (PMDD) is complex with poor prognosis, reported in 15% to 25% of episodes with higher rates amongst older inpatients. There is little data on effective pharmacological treatment of PMDD. Method: A critical review from a focused literature search was conducted. A literature search of controlled trials from: EMBASE (1970), MEDLINE (1950) and PsycINFO (1960-) was undertaken. Two authors (SP and YB) independently extracted the data. Results: Of 386 studies 13 RCTs encompassing1, 359 participants fulfilled inclusion criteria. Of these 556 (41%) were participants in mifepristone trials that proved negative. Only 2 RCT included older patients. Findings suggest combining antidepressant and antipsychotic medications is advantageous in PMDD. This is supported by case series and uncontrolled studies. The practice of antidepressant monotherapy cannot be supported in older adults. Conclusions: Further studies of pharmacological treatment of PMDD in older people are sorely needed.
Simulation of Load-Upload response ratio in the lattice solid model

The Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) method is an earthquake prediction approach that has shown considerable promise. Both the high values of LURR and the observed accelerating seismic moment release (AMR) prior to most large earthquakes mean the focal region tends to an unstable or critical state suggesting intermediate-term earthquake prediction is possible. In order to study the underlying physical mechanism for LURR observations, numerical simulations of uniaxial compression are conducted using the particle based Lattice Solid Model (LSM). The preliminary results show high LURR before catastrophic failure of the sample which provides encouragement for continued study of the LURR mechanism and earthquake forecasting research.
Lagrangian spin parameter and coherent structures from trajectories released in a high-resolution ocean model

A study of the mesoscale eddy field in the presence of coherent vortices, by means of Lagrangian trajectories released in a high-resolution ocean model, is presented in this paper. The investigation confirms previous results drawn from real float data statistics (Veneziani et al., 2004) that the eddy field characteristics are due to the superposition of two distinct regimes associated with strong coherent vortices and with a typically more quiescent background eddy flow. The former gives rise to looping trajectories characterized by subdiffusivity properties due to the trapping effect of the vortices, while the latter produces nonlooping floats characterized by simple diffusivity features. Moreover, the present work completes the study by Veneziani et al. (2004) in regard to the nature of the spin parameter , which was used in the Lagrangian stochastic model that best described the observed eddy statistics. The main result is that the spin obtained from the looping trajectories not only represents a good estimate of the relative vorticity of the vortex core in which the loopers are embedded, but it is also able to follow the vortex temporal evolution. The Lagrangian parameter is then directly connected to the underlying Eulerian structure and could be used as a proxy for the relative vorticity field of coherent vortices.