Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical nursing supervision in the workplace--effects on moral stress and job satisfaction.

AIM To investigate nurses' satisfaction with their work environment and moral stress levels as effects of systematic clinical nursing supervision. BACKGROUND Nurses have identified high workload, low influence over work assignment, limited avenues for skills development and diminishing support from supervisors as sources of considerable tension resulting in deterioration of work conditions and decreased job satisfaction. METHODS This study is a descriptive-correlational study. Data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS The major result indicates moral stress in the workplace. It was found that a significant relationship existed between moral sensitivity and systematic nursing clinical supervision. CONCLUSION The results point to the need to support nurses in developing personal qualities, integrated knowledge and self-awareness, which is in line with the effects of clinical nursing supervision reported in other studies.
Une nouvelle approche de reconnaissance de visages 3D partiellement occultés

Nous proposons un nouveau cadre geometrique pour la restauration de donnees manquantes dans les visages 3D, afin de comparer les visages 3D en presence de donnees manquantes due a l'occultation. Dans ce cadre, nous representons les surfaces faciales par des courbes radiales emanant des bouts du nez et developpons un module de qualite pour detecter les courbes incompletes qui seront restaurees avant la comparaison. Ce cadre nous permet d'utiliser des inferences statistiques telles que l'estimation des parties manquantes du visage a l'aide de ACP sur les espaces tangents de la variete de forme. En suivant le protocole standard, nous obtenons un taux de reconnaissance de 87.6% pour des visages de la base BOSPHORUS avec des occultations, ce qui represente un resultat competitif vis a vis de l'etat de l'art
Approximate decidability in euclidean spaces

We study concepts of decidability (recursivity) for subsets of Euclidean spaces ℝk within the framework of approximate computability (type two theory of effectivity). A new notion of approximate decidability is proposed and discussed in some detail. It is an effective variant of F. Hausdorff's concept of resolvable sets, and it modifies and generalizes notions of recursivity known from computable analysis, formerly used for open or closed sets only, to more general types of sets. Approximate decidability of sets can equivalently be expressed by computability of the characteristic functions by means of appropriately working oracle Turing machines. The notion fulfills some natural requirements and is hereditary under canonical embeddings of sets into spaces of higher dimensions. However, it is not closed under binary union or intersection of sets. We also show how the framework of resolvability and approximate decidability can be applied to investigate concepts of reducibility for subsets of Euclidean spaces.
MEMS for Nanopositioning: Design and Applications

Nanopositioners are high-precision mechatronic devices that are capable of generating mechanical motion with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution. With this motion typically being available over mechanical bandwidths of several kilohertz or greater, nanopositioners have become important tools for many areas of nanotechnology. A major development in nanopositioning has been the use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes to produce microscale nanopositioners. These MEMS-based devices are conceptually similar to their macroscale counterparts, typically comprising an end effector, actuators, sensors, and suspension structures. However, MEMS nanopositioners potentially offer additional significant advantages as a result of their microfabricated nature, including a much smaller footprint, higher bandwidth, batch manufacturability, and potential for integration with electronic circuits. This paper reviews key concepts regarding the design, actuation, and sensing of MEMS nanopositioners, and explores how they have been implemented in state-of-the-art devices within a range of nanotechnology applications. [2016-0118]
The serotonin transporter genotype and social support and moderation of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in hurricane-exposed adults.

OBJECTIVE Disasters are associated with increased risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression, but no study, to the authors' knowledge, has determined whether genotype interacts with disaster exposure and social support to moderate risk of these phenotypes. The authors tested the hypothesis that a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (locus, SLC6A4; variant, serotonin 5-HTTLPR) moderates risk of posthurricane PTSD and major depression given high hurricane exposure and low social support. METHOD The authors interviewed a household probability sample of adults 6-9 months after the 2004 hurricanes about hurricane exposure, social support, and posthurricane PTSD and major depression. DNA was collected from a subset of participants. Participants were 589 adults ages 18 and older from 38 Florida counties who provided valid DNA samples. Outcome measures were DSM-IV diagnoses of posthurricane PTSD and major depression derived from structured interviews. RESULTS The low-expression variant of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism increased risk of posthurricane PTSD and major depression but only under the conditions of high hurricane exposure and low social support after adjustment for sex, ancestry (as determined by Bayesian clustering of genotypes), and age. Similar effects were found for major depression. High-risk individuals (high hurricane exposure, the low-expression 5-HTTLPR variant, low social support) were at 4.5 times the risk of developing PTSD and major depression of low-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS The low-expression variant of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism modifies risk of postdisaster PTSD and major depression under conditions of high hurricane exposure and low social support, confirming and extending previous research.
Cystoid macular edema and papilledema following cataract extraction. A fluorescein fundoscopic and angiographic study.

Cystoid macular edema with or without papilledema should be suspected in any post-operative cataract patient whose visual acuity either fails to improve to normal or suddenly decreases following cataract extraction. The slit lamp appearance of the macular lesion is characteristic, but may be difficult to see in the postoperative eye. The pattern of fluorescence following intravenous injection of fluorescein is diagnostic and provides the clinician with a valuable means of detecting the lesion, which may be difficult to see by other means. Fluorescein studies suggest that the pathogenesis of the macular and optic nerve lesions involves leakage of serous exudate from the retinal and optic nerve head capillaries. The cause of this leakage is unknown.
Isotopic evidence of limited exchange between Mediterranean and eastern North Atlantic fin whales.

RATIONALE The relationship between stocks of fin whales inhabiting the temperate eastern North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea is subject to controversy. The use of chemical markers facilitates an alternative insight into population structure and potential borders between stocks because the two areas present dissimilar isotopic baselines. METHODS Baleen plates, composed of inert tissue that keeps a permanent chronological record of the isotopic value of body circulating fluids, were used to investigate connectivity and boundaries between the stocks. Values were determined by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. RESULTS Stable isotopes confirm that, while the two subpopulations generally forage in well-differentiated grounds, some individuals with characteristic Atlantic values do penetrate into the Mediterranean Sea up to the northernmost latitudes of the region. As a consequence, the border between the two putative subpopulations may be not as definite as previous acoustic investigations suggested. The discriminant function obtained in this study may assist researchers to use baleen plate isotopic data to assign the origin of fin whales of uncertain provenance. CONCLUSIONS This study strengthens the stock subdivision currently accepted for management and conservation while recognizes a low level of exchange between the Mediterranean and temperate eastern North Atlantic subdivisions.
Evidence for Cu(II) Reduction as a Component of Copper Uptake by Saccharomyces cerevisiae(*)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a plasma membrane reductase activity associated with the gene product of the FRE1 locus. This reductase is required for Fe(III) uptake by this yeast; transcription from FRE1 is repressed by iron (Dancis, A., Klausner, R. D., Hinnebusch, A. G., and Barriocanal, J. G.(1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 2294-2301). We show here that Cu(II) is equally efficient at repressing FRE1 transcription and is an excellent substrate for the Fre1p reductase. This reductase activity is required for 50-70% of the uptake of Cu by wild type cells. Under conditions of low Fre1-dependent activity, cells retain 30-70% of Cu(II) reductase activity but only 8-25% of Fe(III) reductase activity. While Fre1p-dependent activity is 100% inhibitable by Pt(II), this residual Cu(II) reduction is insensitive to this inhibitor. The data suggest the presence of a Fre1p-independent reductase activity in the yeast plasma membrane which is relatively specific for Cu(II) and which supports copper uptake in the absence of FRE1 expression. The gene product of MAC1, which is required for regulation of FRE1 transcription, is also required for expression of Cu(II) reduction activity. This is due in part to its role in the regulation of FRE1; however, it is required for expression of the putative Cu(II) reductase, as well. Similarly, a gain-of-function mutation, MAC1, which causes elevated and unregulated transcription from FRE1 and elevated Fe(III) reduction and Fe uptake exhibits a similar phenotype with respect to Cu(II) reduction and Cu uptake. Ascorbate, which reduces periplasmic Cu(II) to Cu(I), suppresses the dependence of Cu uptake on plasma membrane reductase activity as is the case for ascorbate-supported Fe uptake. The close parallels between Cu(II) and Fe(III) reduction, and Cu and Fe uptake, strongly suggest that Cu(II) uptake by yeast involves a Cu(I) intermediate. This results in the reductive mobilization of the copper from periplasmic chelating agents, making the free ion available for translocation across the plasma membrane.
HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS IN PATIENTS WITH DYSPROTEINEMIAS

One means by which information on the essential relationships between host and parasite may be obtained is through study of patients having limitations in their capacity to defend themselves against infection. During recent years, considerable technical progress has been made in protein chemistry, making available methods for defining and studying the various disturbances in protein metabolism which may bear on specific defense mechanisms (1-4). Further, experimental studies have been carried out which appear to define to some extent the relationships of several forms of specific defense mechanisms to one another in man and animals (5-7). In a sense, it may be possible to gain useful information concerning the operation of nonspecific factors in resistance to infection, the subject of this symposium, by studying the characteristics, limitations, and behavior of patients having a distinct disturbance in specific mechanisms of defense. Thus far, our own studies have been concerned primarily with deficiencies in patients having various forms of congenital or acquired agammaglobulinemia (823) or moderate hypogammaglobulinemia; with immunological deficiencies which characterize the newly born (24); with disturbances of protein metabolism in patients with multiple myeloma (25), disturbances in capacity for resistance and in immunological reaction in patients with Hodgkin's disease (26), and abnormalities of defense mechanism and capacity to resist infection in a large group of children with hyperglobulinemia (27, 28). It is the purpose of this report to review these and related studies. In table 1 are listed the general categories of
The Oxford handbook of economic inequality

The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality presents a new and challenging analysis of economic inequality, focusing primarily on economic inequality in highly developed countries. Bringing together the world's top scholars this comprehensive and authoritative volume contains an impressive array of original research on topics ranging from gender to happiness, from poverty to top incomes, and from employers to the welfare state. The authors give their view on the state-of-the-art of scientific research in their fields of expertise and add their own stimulating visions on future research. Ideal as an overview of the latest, cutting-edge research on economic inequality, this is a must have reference for students and researchers alike. Contributors to this volume - Anders Bjorklund, Stockholm University Francine D. Blau, Cornell University Andrea Brandolini, Banca d'Italia Richard V. Burkhauser, Cornell University Gary Burtless, The Brookings Institution Daniele Checchi, L'Universita degli Studi di Milano Kenneth A. Couch, University of Connecticut James B. Davies, University of Western Ontario Gosta Esping-Andersen, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Francisco H.G. Ferreira, The World Bank Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell, Institut d'Analisi Economica-C.S. I.C. Barcelona Nancy Folbre, University of Massachusetts Amherst Richard B. Freeman, Harvard University The Late Andrew Glyn, University of Oxford Mary B. Gregory, University of Oxford Markus Jantti, Abo Akademi University Christopher Jencks, Harvard University Stephen Jenkins, ISER, University of Essex Martin Kahanec, IZA, Bonn Lawrence M. Kahn, Cornell University Julia Lane, University of Chicago Andrew Leigh, Australian National University Claudio Lucifora, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Stephen Machin, University College London Ive Marx, University of Antwerp Nolan McCarty, Princeton University John Myles, University of Toronto Brian Nolan, University College Dublin Jonas Pontusson, Princeton University Martin Ravallion, The World Bank John E. Roemer, Yale University Wiemer Salverda, University of Amsterdam Timothy M. Smeeding, Syracuse University Philippe van Kerm, CEPS/INSTEAD Bernard van Praag, University of Amsterdam Jelle Visser, University of Amsterdam Sarah Voitchovsky, University of Oxford Klaus Zimmermann, IZA, Bonn
Comparison of Pharmacological Activities of Three Distinct κ Ligands (Salvinorin A, TRK-820 and 3FLB) on κ Opioid Receptors in Vitro and Their Antipruritic and Antinociceptive Activities in Vivo

Salvinorin A, TRK-820 (17-cyclopropylmethyl-3,14β-dihydroxy-4,5α-epoxy-6β-[N-methyl-trans-3-(3-furyl) acrylamido]morphinan hydrochloride), and 3FLB (diethyl 2,4-di-[3-fluorophenyl]-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one-1,5-dicarboxylate) are structurally distinctly different from U50,488H [(trans)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamide methanesulfonate], the prototypic selective κ agonist. Here, we investigated their in vitro pharmacological activities on receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and in vivo antiscratch and antinociceptive activities in mice. All three compounds showed high selectivity for the κ opioid receptor (KOR) over the μ opioid receptor (MOR) and δ opioid receptor (DOR) and nociceptin or orphanin FQ receptors. In the guanosine 5′-O-(3-[35S]thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTPγS) binding assay, all three were full agonists on the KOR. The rank order of affinity and potency for the KOR was TRK-820 >> U50,488H ∼ salvinorin A >> 3FLB. TRK-820 acted as a partial agonist on MOR and DOR, whereas salvinorin A and 3FLB showed no activities on these receptors. Salvinorin A, TRK-820, and 3FLB caused internalization of the human KOR in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, although salvinorin A and U50,488H had similar potencies in stimulating [35S]GTPγS binding, salvinorin A was about 40-fold less potent than U50,488H in promoting internalization. Following 4-h incubation, all three compounds induced down-regulation of the human KOR, with salvinorin A causing a lower extent of down-regulation. Although TRK-820 was potent and efficacious against compound 48/80-induced scratching, salvinorin A showed low and inconsistent effects, and 3FLB was inactive. In addition, salvinorin A and 3FLB were not active in the acetic acid abdominal constriction test. The discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo results may be due to in vivo metabolism of salvinorin A and 3FLB and possibly to their effects on other pharmacological targets.
Notice of RetractionEffects of Magnesium Salt on the Anaerobic Gas Production of Modified Sludge

Nowadays, the magnesium salt curing agent has been widely used in the treatment of sludge. In this study, the sludge obtained from the north-central sewage treatment plant in Taiyuan Hexi was modified with different levels of magnesium salt. The effects of the magnesium salt curing agent on the gas production of the modified sludge were investigated. The experimental results showed that, adding magnesium salt curing agent into sludge could inhibit the anaerobic gas production significantly. There is no direct relationship between the adding ratio of magnesium salt and gas production amount. However, the adding ratio of magnesium salt has significant effects on the quality of the sludge. The higher the adding ratio of magnesium salt was, the lower the value of the total carbon, organic matter, and total nitrogen was. The immobilization effect of magnesium salt made the anaerobic bacteria could not get enough energy from the sludge for gas production. The increased pH of the sludge after modification was not suitable for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. The low moisture content of the modified sludge baffled the transferring of nutrients and bacteria to produce gas.
Telaprevir for genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of telaprevir for patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C. METHODS We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 4, 2012), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), CNKI database and Chinese WanFang Database between 1980 and May 2012. Randomized clinical trials assessing telaprevir in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin versus no intervention or placebo in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C were included. The primary outcome measure was viral response, including sustained virologic response and virologic response at the end of treatment. The secondary outcome measures were relapse rate, severe adverse events, treatment discontinuation and commonly reported adverse events. RESULTS Six trials with 2,775 participants were included. Telaprevir in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin seemed to show a significant effect on sustained virologic response, virologic response at the end of treatment and relapse rate in naive patients and previously unsuccessfully treated patients, except T12PR12 which seemed without beneficial effect on sustained virologic response (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.41; 95% CI 0.83 to 2.40) and relapse rate (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.55; 95% CI 0.71 to 3.36) in naive patients. It also was associated with a significantly higher incidence of severe adverse events (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.15, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.58) and treatment discontinuation (Odds Ratio (OR) 4.79, 95% CI 1.72 to 13.37) because of adverse events in previously unsuccessfully treated patients, but not in naive patients. CONCLUSIONS Telaprevir in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin has been recommended as option for the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C. It has been considered as effective to improve viral response and reduce relapse rate in patient who suffer genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C. However, the treatment should be monitored carefully as it may cause some severe adverse events. For further confirmation of its treatment effect and clarify its possible adverse events, more randomized clinical trials need to be carried out.
Illusory misidentifications and cortical hypometabolism in Parkinson's disease

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with documented impairments in various visual functions. However, there have been only a limited number of studies that have reported on the brain regions responsible for impairment of visual recognition in PD. In our study, we evaluated the performance of PD patients and 24 healthy controls on the Poppelreuter‐type overlapping figure identification test to investigate the impairment of visual recognition. We also measured the PD patients' resting cerebral glucose metabolism using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and investigated the relationship between the impairment of visual recognition and cortical hypometabolism. The PD patients had substantial and frequent illusory responses in the overlapping figure identification test, and their illusory misidentifications were correlated with hypometabolism in the visual cortices, including the right inferior temporal gyrus and the bilateral temporo‐parieto‐occipital junction. These findings suggest that PD patients have impaired visual recognition characterized by illusory misidentifications of visual stimuli, which could be attributed to dysfunction of the visual cortices. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
FRET measurements on fuzzy fluorescent nanostructures

In the last decade, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has become a useful technique for studying intermolecular interactions applied to the analysis of biological systems. Although FRET measurements may be very helpful in the comprehension of different cellular processes, it can be difficult to obtain quantitative results, hence the necessity of studying FRET on controllable systems. Here, a fuzzy nanostructured system called a nanocapsule is presented as a nanometric‐device allowing distance modulation, thus preserving photophysical properties of fluorescent dyes and exhibiting good potential features for improving quantitative FRET analysis. We evaluated the behavior of such a sample using four FRET methods (three of them based on steady‐state fluorescence and one using lifetime measurements). Within some limitations that can be overcome, these nanodevices have the potential to serve as a benchmark system for characterizing new FRET couples and to develop quantitative approaches for FRET analysis. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Set Shot Shooting Performance and Visual Acuity in Basketball

Common sense suggests that decreasing visual acuity will have a negative effect on basketball shooting performance. To test the hypothesis that basketball shooting performance monotonically decreases with decreasing acuity, 19 subjects attempted 25 set shots from a fixed location at each of 5 different acuity levels: 6/6 or better and vision blurred (by optical defocus) to visual acuities of 6/12,6/24,6/48, and 6/75. Our results revealed a small but statistically nonsignificant decrease in shooting performance between the 6/6+ and 6/12 conditions. For visual acuities between 6/12 and 6/75, the number of baskets made remained constant. We conclude that decreases in visual acuity over the range of 6/6+ to 6/75 resulting from defocus do not significantly reduce set shot shooting performance.