Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF THE INTRACTION BETWEEN CRYPT AND 222 AND TETRACYANOETHYLENE IN CARBONTETRACHLORIDE SOLUTION

A spectrophotometric study concerning the interaction between 4, 7, 13, 16, 21, 24 -hexaoxa-1, 10 -diaza bicycle [8.8. 8] hexacosane (cryptand C222) as n-donor and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) as π-acceptor has been performed in carbontetrachloride solution at different temperatures. The results of job and mole ratio method are indicative of the formation of 1:1 charge transfer complex through an equilibrium reaction. The stability constants at different temperatures have been calculated from the computer fitting of absorbance-mole ratio data in MATLAB software. The ΔΗ and AS values are obtained by the Vant-Hoff method. The obtained data show that the complex is enthalpy stabilized and entropy destabilized. The solid complex was isolated and the effect of complexation on IR bands are discussed. The conductometric results indicate that none of the reactants and product do not alter the conductivity of solution and no free ion is formed through complexation. Keyword: carbontetrachloride, C222, TCNE, Spectrophotometry, Charge transfer, Thermodynamic, Kinetic. Introduction In the past few decades there has been considerable interest in the studies of the charge transfer complexes between macrocyclic crown ethers and a variety of acceptor molecules such as DDQ [1-4], TCNQ [2], TCNE [2,3,5] and specially iodine [6-10]. Interest is such macrocyclic molecular complexes is strongly stimulated by their possible applications in areas like separation science, biomimetic receptors, catalysis of chemical reactions and conversion of chemical reactions in to optical or electronic signals [11], Interestingly, it has been shown that the substitution of the oxygen atoms in crown ether ring by nitrogen results in a tremendous increase in stability of their complexes [4,5,8] over the ordinary crowns. From this point of view, the study of charge transfer complexes with at least two nitrogen atoms in their tridimensional cavities is of special interest. Following our previous works on molecular complexes of crown ethers [3,8,9,10,12-16], here we report the complex formation of cryptand 222 with tetracyanoethylene in carbontetrachloride solution. Vol. 14, No. 6, 2008 Thermodynamic Study of the Interaction Between Cryptand 222 and Tetracyanoethylene Experimental The macrocycle C222 and TCNE (Merck) were recrystallized from reagent grade nhexane and dried over P2O5. Reagent grade carbontetrachloride (Merck) was used
Le Danger des Traitements par le Sulfate de Cuivre en Zone Conchylicole : Toxicite vis-a-vis des Oeufs et des Jeunes Larves de Crassostrea gigas.

Le sulfate de cuivre, utilise en solution pour detruire les organismes encroutants sur les parcs ostreicoles, est toxique pour les oeufs et les Jarves D de Crassostrea gigas. Son action se fait sentir sur l'embryogenese au-dessus de la valeur de 25 p,g/l et sur les larves D dont la croissance est affectee des la valeur de 100 p.g/1. Ce sel est cependant moins toxique que le chlorure de cuivre.
Controlling Phase Behavior in Nonionic Surfactant System

Phase behavior of polyoxyethylene-Type nonionic surfactant is highly influenced by temperature. At the particular temperature called HLB temperature, nonionic surfactant forms a three-phase region containing middle-phase microemulsion or surfactant phase. Maximum solubilization, ultralow interfacial tension, and phase inversion in emulsions take place at the HLB temperature. The HLB temperature in a multi-surfactant system is explained by analyzing the three-phase behavior. HLB number of commercial surfactant can be calculated from the HLB temperature. The effect of mixing nonionic surfactant on the maximum solubilization power is discussed. Finally, the unique phase behavior of biocompatible sucrose alkanoate is also described.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PADA TAHUN 2011-2014

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between profitability ratios, which are Return on Asset, Net Profit Margin, Return on Equity, and capital structure toward the company values. This research using non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling method. This research using SPSS 20 to processing the data and result of this research showed that profitability ratio has a significant influence and positive impact toward the company values, while the capital structure has a significant influence and a negative impact toward the company values.
Median Regression Analysis of Body Mass Index of Adults in Pakistan

4 Abstract: Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered to be the most popular measure for overweight and obesity. Numerous studies of BMI are limited to compute and interpret different percentiles of BMI and do not account for many other covariates affecting BMI. Conventional regression methods are used for estimating how covariates are related to mean values of the dependent variable but in many situations, we are interested in quantiles rather than in mean values as in the case of BMI analysis. The present study addresses the same using median regression. Some important covariates such as gender, age, marital status, daily working hours, daily exercise routine and number of meat-eaten days per week are included in the study and found to be significant.
A study of the relationship between the level of blood glucose and the clinical in acute cerebral infarction in aged diabetic patients

目的 探讨糖尿病血糖水平对脑梗死患者的影响. 方法 将260例老年急性脑梗死患者分为两组:糖尿病组128例,非糖尿病组132例,对照分析了糖尿病伴急性脑梗死患者血糖水平与临床表现,急性期脑缺血损害程度,好转率和死亡的关系. 结果 急性脑梗死患者高血糖水平不仅使脑缺血损害范围增大,且对短期预后有不良影响,血糖水平愈高,病情愈重,病死率愈高. 结论 血糖水平的高低,可作为估计脑梗死范围的重要参数,也是老年糖尿病患者合并急性脑梗死预后不良的危险因素之一.
Spotted snakehead, Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793), stocking density effects on water quality, live food, and growth performances in Indian major carp polyculture system

Experiment conducted to examine the effect of stock densities of Channa punctata on water quality parameters, live food production, and growth performance in Indian major carps polyculture system at 12 earthen ponds (area: 200 m2, 1.5 m depth) for 120 days. Stocking densities of C. punctata, 0 (T1), 2000 (T2), 3000 (T3), and 4000 (T4) individual ha-1 and rohu (Labeo rohita), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), catla (Catla catla), and mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhosis) at the constant rate of 3000, 2500, 2000 and 2000 individual ha-1, respectively with three replications. The mean initial weight of spotted snakehead and carps fingerlings were 1.50±0.07 g and 7.86±0.03 g, respectively; fingerlings fed commercial pellets twice daily. Water quality parameters were significantly different in all treatments. Zooplankton and benthos decreased with increasing stocking density of fish. The mean specific growth rate of carps was not significantly different with and without C. punctata. Food conversion ratio was low in T1, while fingerlings survivability range was 67% to 89% in all treatments. The gross production of C. punctata in T3 was the highest (143.53 kg ha-1) followed by T4 (123.26 kg ha-1), and T2 (97.66 kg ha-1). The combined total production of spotted snakehead with carps was the highest in T2 (1836.95 kg ha-1) compared with T3 (1760.53 kg ha-1), T1 (1806.18 kg ha-1), and T4 (1621.46 kg ha-1). Overall, maximum yield of T2 reflected proper feed utilization and appropriate species combinations.
Water permeability of plant cells measured by pressure probes: effects of light and turgor, and the role of unstirred layers

The impact of unstirred layers (USLs) during cell pressure probe experiments with Chara corallina internodes has been quantified. The results show that the hydraulic conductivity (Lp) measured in hydrostatic relaxations was not significantly affected by USLs even in the presence of high water flow intensities (‘sweep-away effect’). During pressure clamp, there was a reversible reduction in Lp by 20%, which was explained by the constriction of water to aquaporins (AQPs) in the C. corallina membrane and a rapid diffusional equilibration of solutes in arrays where water protruded across AQPs. In osmotic experiments, Lp, and permeability (Ps) and reflection (σs) coefficients increased as external flow rate of medium increased, indicating some effects of external USLs. However, the effect was levelling off at ‘usual’ flow rates of 0.20-0.30 m⋅s and in the presence of vigorous stirring by air bubbles, suggesting a maximum thickness of external USLs around 30 μm including the cell wall. Because the diameter of internodes were around 1 mm, internal USLs could have played a significant or even a dominating role, at least in the presence of the rapidly permeating solutes used [acetone, 2-propanol, and dimethylformamide (DMF) ]. A comparison of calculated (diffusion kinetics) and of measured permeabilities indicated an upper limit of the contribution of USLs for the rapidly moving solute acetone of 29%, and of 15% for the less rapidly permeating DMF. The results throw some doubt that in C. corallina, USLs rather than the cell membrane dominate solute uptake, at least for the most rapidly moving solute acetone. Key-words: Chara corallina; aquaporin; hydraulic conductivity; permeability coefficient; reflection coefficient; water channel.
Optimized Conditions for Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes

Here, we have synthesized vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs), using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Cobalt and ethanol are used as the catalyst and the carbon source, respectively. The effects of ethanol flow rate, thickness of Co catalyst film, and growth time on the properties of the carbon nanotube growth are investigated. The results show that the flow rate of ethanol and the Co layer thickness play important roles on the length and the degree of alignment of the carbon nanotubes. High density VA-CNTs with forest-like structure are grown at a very low ethanol flow rate of 0.8 sccm, which is the optimized flow rate in our experiments. Therefore, the cost of synthesizing VA-CNTs is decreased by a low consumption of ethanol and utilizing the cheap CVD synthesis method. High density of small-sized catalyst particles is formed in the Co-catalyst thickness of 1 and 2nm, resulting in the growth of vertically aligned nanotubes. However, increasing the thickness of Co layer to 10 and 16 nm, leads to the growth of nanotubes parallel to the substrate with the spaghetti-like structure. The experiments reveal that enhancing the growth time from 5 to 120 min can mostly affect the uniformity and length of VA-CNTs.
Label-Free Cysteamine-Capped Silver Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Assay for Hg(II) Detection in Water with Subnanomolar Exactitude

Precisely probing heavy metal pollutants in water warrants novel methods and materials. To this end, functionalization of nanoparticles using biologically important substances through a green route is a novel aspect in the design of an optical sensor. In this article we report a green preparative strategy for the synthesis of cysteamine stabilized silver nanoparticles (Ag-Nps) in aqueous medium. The water-soluble Ag-Nps are found to be highly sensitive and selective for rapid colorimetric detection of Hg(II) ion with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.273 nM (55 ppt). This system also enables us to detect Hg(II) through the naked eye with an LOD of 2.73 nM (0.55 ppb) which is below the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit (10 nM or 2 ppb). Cysteamine undergoes cooperative coordination with the mercury ion leading to spontaneous formation of a mercury–cysteamine complex and consequently forms Ag–Hg nanoalloy, which in turn changes the surface plasmon property of Ag-Nps to allow detection of Hg(II.
The Effect of Antimonate, Arsenate, and Phosphate on the Transformation of Ferrihydrite to Goethite, Hematite, Feroxyhyte, and Tripuhyite

Iron oxides, typical constituents of many soils, represent a natural immobilization mechanism for toxic elements. Most iron oxides are formed during the transformation of poorly crystalline ferrihydrite to more crystalline iron phases. The present study examined the impact of well known contaminants, such as P(V), As(V), and Sb(V), on the ferrihydrite transformation and investigated the transformation products with a set of bulk and nano-resolution methods. Irrespective of the pH, P(V) and As(V) favor the formation of hematite (α-Fe2O3) over goethite (α-FeOOH) and retard these transformations at high concentrations. Sb(V), on the other hand, favors the formation of goethite, feroxyhyte (d’-FeOOH), and tripuhyite (FeSbO4) depending on pH and Sb(V) concentration. The elemental composition of the transformation products analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy show high loadings of Sb(V) with molar Sb:Fe ratios of 0.12, whereas the molar P:Fe and As:Fe ratios do not exceed 0.03 and 0.06, respectively. The structural similarity of feroxyhyte and hematite was resolved by detailed electron diffraction studies, and feroxyhyte was positively identified in a number of the samples examined. These results indicate that, compared to P(V) and As(V), Sb(V) can be incorporated into the structure of certain iron oxides through Fe(III)-Sb(V) substitution, coupled with other substitutions. However, the outcome of the ferrihydrite transformation (hematite, goethite, feroxyhyte, or tripuhyite) depends on the Sb(V) concentration, pH, and temperature.
Bin Packing Problem with Time Lags

We introduce and motivate several variants of the bin packing problem where bins are assigned to time slots, and minimum and maximum lags are required between some pairs of items. We suggest two integer programming formulations for the general problem: a compact one and a stronger formulation with an exponential number of variables and constraints. We propose a branch-cut-and-price approach that exploits the latter formulation. For this purpose, we devise separation algorithms based on a mathematical characterization of feasible assignments for two important special cases of the problem: when the number of possible bins available at each period is infinite and when this number is limited to one and time lags are nonnegative. Computational experiments are reported for instances inspired from a real-case application of chemical treatment planning in vineyards, as well as for literature instances for special cases of the problem. The experimental results show the efficiency of our branch-cut-and-price approach, as it outperforms the compact formulation on newly proposed instances and is able to obtain improved lower and upper bounds for literature instances. Summary of Contribution: The paper considers a new variant of the bin packing problem, which is one of the most important problems in operations research. A motivation for introducing this variant is given, as well as a real-life application. We present a novel and original exact branch-cut-and-price algorithm for the problem. We implement this algorithm, and we present the results of extensive computational experiments. The results show a very good performance of our algorithm. We give several research directions that can be followed by subsequent researchers to extend our contribution to more complex and generic problems.
Jezekite, Na8[(UO2)(CO3)3](SO4)2·3H2O, a new uranyl mineral from Jachymov, Czech Republic

Jezekite (IMA2014-079), Na-8[(UO2)(CO3)(3)](SO4)(2)center dot 3H(2)O, is a new uranyl carbonate-sulfate mineral from Jachymov, Western Bohemia, Czech Republic. The new mineral was found on samples from the Geschieber vein in the Svornost mine. It occurs as a crystalline crust composed of thin, bladed prismatic crystals of yellow to sulfuric yellow color on a gangue along with andersonite, cejkaite, schrockingerite and ubiquitous gypsum. It is a supergene, low-temperature mineral formed by hydration-oxidation weathering of uraninite associated with post-mining processes. Jezekite is hexagonal, space group P-62m, with unit-cell parameters a = 9.0664(11), c = 6.9110(6)angstrom and V = 491.97(12)angstrom(3), Z = 1. Crystals are thin blades elongated along [001]. Crystals exhibit the forms {001}, {1-11}, {100} and {010}, commonly forming twins/intergrowths with a twin plane parallel to [001]. Jezekite is light yellow to sulfuric yellow and has a very pale yellow streak. It exhibits a bright greenish white fluorescence under both long-wave and short-wave UV. It is transparent with a vitreous to pearly luster. The mineral has a Mohs hardness similar to 2; it is brittle, with uneven fracture and a perfect cleavage on {001} and along [010]. The calculated density based on the empirical formula is 2.966 g/cm(3). The mineral is optically uniaxial (+), with omega = 1.484(2) and epsilon = 1.547(2) (589 nm). It is non-pleochroic. The chemical composition of jezekite (wt. %, electron-microprobe) is: Na2O 27.92, SO3 18.49, UO3 32.85, CO2 (calc.) 15.08, H2O (calc.) 6.17, total 100.51, which yields the empirical formula Na-7.88 (UO2)(CO3)(3)(S1.01O4)(2)center dot 3H(2)O (based on 22 O apfu). Prominent features in the Raman spectrum include the O-H stretching vibrations, symmetric stretching vibrations of (UO2)(2+) ions, and stretching and bending vibrations of symmetrically non-equivalent CO3 groups and highly disordered SO4 tetrahedra. The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines for jezekite are [d(obs)angstrom(I-rel.) (hkl)]: 7.861(59)(100), 6.925(20)(001), 5.193(100)(101), 4.534(44)(110), 3.415(23)(201), 2.751(17)(112), 2.728(20)(211), 2.618(25)(300). The crystal structure of jezekite (R = 0.043 for 444 reflections with I-obs > 3 sigma[I]) contains finite uranyl tricarbonate clusters linked through the Na-O bonds to form sheets of the composition {Na-2[(UO2)(CO3)(3)]}(2-) parallel to (001). The adjacent sheets of polyhedra are also linked through Na-O bonds to the six Na2 atoms and highly disordered sheets of composition {[(SO4)(2)(H2O)(3)]}(4-) into a sandwich-like structure. The new mineral is named after Professor Bohuslav Jezek (1877-1950), a prominent Czech mineralogist and crystallographer
Issues impacting the quality of mental health in older adults

Older adults are confronted with a variety of developmental and unexpected issues that can impair or strengthen their mental health. Affective and anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and suicide are some of the mental health issues when older adults experience difficulty with the aging process. On the other hand, the quality of their physical and mental health, their support system, the resolution of grief and loss issues, and the strength of their spirituality assist older adults in recreating meaning. Thus, they are able to live their senior years with purpose. These issues will be addressed and recommendations will be described with the purpose of enhancing the mental health needs of this population.
Spin Correlations and Excitations in Spin-frustrated Molecular and Molecule-based Magnets

The present thesis provides extensive investigations on the effect of geometrical spin frustration in both molecular-based spin clusters and infinite pyrochlore lattice, using advanced neutron scattering, DC and AC susceptibilities, and specific heat methods. Clear short-range spin correlations have been observed in the spin-frustrated molecular magnet {Mo72Fe30} by means of polarized neutron scattering. Simulations of the spin correlations were carried out within a frustrated three-sublattice spin model, which are in reasonable agreement with the differential magnetic cross section measured at 1.5 K. The specific heat of {Mo72Fe30} was measured down to 60 mK. The low-lying magnetic excitations of {Mo72Fe30} are identified by the Schottky anomalies in the specific heat data, consistent with the theoretical predictions of quantum rotational band model. The nature of the magnetic ground state of {Mo72Fe30} can therefore be described by the three-sublattice spin model, where the 30 Fe3+ spins are divided into three sublattices with equal and coplanar unit vectors each. The low-lying magnetic excitations of single molecular magnet {As6V15} were determined by means of specific heat measurements down to 60 mK. The resultant energy spectrum agrees with the theoretical predictions of the “three-spin” model and the experimental results of inelastic neutron scattering. Hence the “three-spin” model is a good approach to the magnetic ground state of {As6V15}. Complicated magnetic behaviors have been observed in the antiferromagnetic pyrochlore Na3Co(CO3)2Cl. The average crystal structure of Na3Co(CO3)2Cl was determined by means of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction measurements. Though there is no site disorder in the Co2+ magnetic sublattice, positional disorder may exist in Na and Cl atom sites. The DC and AC susceptibility measurements show a spin-glass-like transition at 4.5 K, and a fieldand frequencyindependent kink at 17 K. The specific heat of Na3Co(CO3)2Cl exhibit a peak at 1.5 K due to the long-range magnetic order, and a broad hump at 5 K associated with the spin-glass-like transition. The diffuse neutron scattering with polarization analysis reveals short-range spin correlations dominated by antiferromagnetic coupling over the range of nearest neighbors, down to at least 3.3 K. Ferromagnetic coupling between next-nearest neighbors might also exist. Long-range magnetic order is evidenced by magnetic Bragg peaks at 50 mK, consistent with the specific heat result. Inelastic neutron scattering reveals the existence of collective magnetic excitations at 3.5 K, indicating that the transition temperature T = 4.5 K does not correspond to a complete spin-glass freezing as expected in traditional metallic spin glasses. Na3Co(CO3)2Cl therefore exhibits exotic magnetic behavior, which has not yet been understood completely and requires more experiments in the future.
Ionic Purity and Connectivity of Proton-Conducting Channels in Fluorous-Ionic Diblock Copolymers

Diblock copolymers of sulfonated poly([vinylidene difluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene]-b-styrene) [P(VDF-co-HFP)-b-SPS] were prepared for the purpose of studying the role of ionic purity and connectivity on proton exchange membranes. Block ratios were controlled to provide membranes with different morphologies. Within each membrane series, the ion content was controlled either by varying the length of the fully sulfonated polystyrene (PS) block, or by varying the degree of sulfonation of a fixed PS block. For a given ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake and proton conductivity were shown to be significantly influenced by the degree of sulfonation of the PS block and, thus, the ionic purity of the “ion-rich” channels. Fully sulfonated membranes with 6–17 vol % PS possessed disordered ionic clusters (6–20 nm in diameter). Although these membranes show relatively high water sorption at low IEC ranges, their water sorption and proton conductivity are less sensitive to changes in IEC. This reduced their ten.
Collective Regulation of Metabolism, Development and Longevity Through a Socially Exchanged Fluid

Socially exchanged fluids, like seminal fluid and milk, allow individuals to molecularly influence conspecifics. Many social insects have a social circulatory system, where food and endogenously produced molecules are transferred mouth-to-mouth (stomodeal trophallaxis), connecting all the individuals in the society. To understand how these endogenous molecules relate to colony life, we used quantitative proteomics to investigate the trophallactic fluid within colonies of the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus. We show that different stages of the colony life cycle circulate different types of proteins: young colonies prioritize direct carbohydrate processing; mature colonies prioritize accumulation and transmission of stored resources. Further, colonies circulate proteins implicated in oxidative stress, ageing, and social insect caste determination, potentially acting as superorganismal hormones. Brood-caring individuals that are also closer to the queen in the social network (nurses) showed higher abundance of oxidative stress-related proteins. Thus, trophallaxis behavior provides a mechanism for distributed metabolism in social insect societies.