Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new model of human dispersal

Analysis of previously unpublished allele counts obtained from the French-San-Neanderthal-Chimpanzee alignment of the high quality DNA sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains raises significant questions about the currently accepted phylogenetic model of the origins of Europeans. Previous estimates of the proportion of Neanderthal ancestry in present-day Europeans ranged between 1.3% and 2.7% supporting a recent Out-of Africa dispersal model followed by a low level of admixture with Neanderthals. However, analysis of the allele counts indicates the existence of an unidentified third archaic ancestor of Europeans, which diverged from its common ancestor with sub-Saharan Africans around 900 thousand years ago. This analysis shows that the relative proportions of derived alleles in the 0.0826% of the European genome that is not shared with the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzee are 13.6% Neanderthal, 32.3% sub-Saharan African and 54.2% third archaic ancestor. This analysis together with anthropological and archaeological evidence suggests a new model of human dispersal based on a Eurasian lineage in the Levant, which admixed with Neanderthals and descendants of African mtDNA haplogroup L3, followed by radiation from a basal admixed population around 55–50 Kya, with no subsequent major contribution to the European genome.
Size, composition, and spatial structure of the annual spawning aggregation of the red hind, Epinephelus guttatus (Pisces : Serranidae)

Annual spawning aggregations of the red hind, Epinephelus guttatus, occurring at the time of full moon in Jan., were surveyed off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico between 1983 and 1989. One aggregation in 1984 measured 70 x 140 m and contained a fish density that increased over a period of four days to a maximum of 7.6 fish per 100 m2 on the day of the full moon and then declined over two subsequent days. The female-to-male sex ratio was 5.6 for samples of fish speared on the bottom and 7.1 for those caught from the surface on hookand-line. This difference is not significant. Within the aggregation, fish formed clusters of two to seven individuals. Speared clusters contained either one male and two to three females or all females. In a 1986 aggregation, the dispersion pattern of all individuals within a large grid was evaluated with nearest-neighbor analysis. During the first two days of the aggregation, fish were distributed randomly. In the final three days, which included the day of full moon and the period when individuals probably spawned, fish were significantly clumped. This statistical pattern of clumping confirmed divers' impressions of fish in clusters, suggesting that spawning is not random but occurs in clusters containing one male and a few females. These results suggest that aggregations function primarily to enable males and females to find mates.
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suggest that the only possible treatment modality resulting from Weisfelt’s scale is to refer a patient with greater complication risk to an intensive care unit. We would rather use it primarily for decision making, at least in clinical research settings on adjunctive therapy modalities. In patients with predicted increased risk for complications, several adjunctive therapy modalities associated with some side effects finally may prove beneficial, that is, anticoagulative therapy. In conclusion, we congratulate Weisfelt for making a significant step forward in research on bacterial meningitis. But the score needs improvements to reach a satisfactory level of clinical credibility. When it is achieved, this will be a useful tool in research and treatment of bacterial meningitis.
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case of “artemisinin neurotoxicity” reported; all have come from academic centers in the United States with little or no previous experience with these drugs. None is at all convincing of a causative association. We do need more studies on this important subject, but as artemisinin derivatives are now a cornerstone of the treatment of falciparum malaria, a disease that kills more than a million people each year, we also need to be very careful before raising unnecessary alarm.
Isolation & Preliminary Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Luzhou-flavor Pit Mud

Three lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from quality Luzhou-flavor aged pit mud and identified as L. zeae, L.pentosus and P.acidilactici. The acid-producing properties of the three strains were analyzed and the best acid-producing conditions were summed up as follows: temperature at 37℃, action time about 72 h, and the optimal pH value as 5.0.
Advances in study on chemical components, stability, and quality evaluation of sinapinoids and glucosinolates in Sinapis Semen

Sinapinoids and glucosinolates are the main chemical components in Sinapis Semen. Sinapinoids have significant biological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-androgen, lowering the blood pressure, and so on. Glucosinolates and their degradation products are known for its biological functions such as fungicidal, bactericidal, and in the treatment of cancer and cough. The latest progress on the chemical components, stability, and quality evaluation of sinapinoids and glucosinolates in Sinapis Semen is reviewed, which could provide some scientific guidance for the quality control and exploration of Sinapis Semen and its related products.
Microsoft Word-URSI GASS 2020 OAM.docx

We propose a new approach to the retrieval or synthesis of continuous sources having a circular support and generating a given shaped power pattern. The framework can be applied for whatever (asymmetrical) distribution exhibited by the measured or desired power distribution. The method relies on overlooked tools from the aperture antenna theory as well as from known tools for array antenna synthesis.
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to require evacuation to Landstuhl and then to Walter Reed may have frequently had LOC immediately following their trauma, and that this LOC may have been the result of hemodynamic, physiologic, or pharmacologic causes not related to significant brain injury. However, it is misleading to associate those episodes of LOC with TBI, and then to draw any conclusions whatsoever about the utility of LOC for the diagnosis of TBI or concussion based on those findings. The cohort described in the Xydakis paper is a unique cohort of polytrauma patients who received the diagnosis of TBI a mean of 8 days after their injuries, and had multiple medical and pharmacologic interventions during that time that undoubtedly confounded the TBI diagnosis. The readers of this study should be aware that their conclusions about the importance of LOC as an indication of TBI do not pertain to the acute diagnosis of this injury.
Research Progress of Environmental Factors and Signal Transduction Pathways of Dimorphism in Fungi

Dimorphism is the capacity displayed by different fungi to grow in the form of yeast or mycelium, depending on the environmental conditions. It has long been believed that phase transition between yeast and mycelium is obligatory for pathogenicity in some dimorphic fungi, so dimorphism of fungi attracts a great deal of attention in recent years. Dimorphic transition is regulated by a variety of extracellular factors including physical factors, chemical factors and nutritional factors, and it is also regulated by intracellular signal transduction pathways such as cAMP-PKA, MAPK and Rim101. This review focuses on recent research progress on environmental factors and signal transduction pathways that affect dimorphism in fungi.
Assessing vitamin D related genetic variants, status, and influence factors in pregnant women in Eastern and Central China

Abstract Vitamin D deficiency has recently become a global public health problem. However, it is still unclear if gene polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway influence vitamin D levels among pregnant women in Eastern and Central China. The objective of this study was to assess factors influencing vitamin D levels in pregnant women. A total of 326 participants in Shandong and Henan provinces in China were enrolled from August 2017 to April 2019. Serum 25(OH)D levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D pathway were measured using the blood samples collected in the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester. Data on demographics, lifestyle, and health behavior were collected using a questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the R software. The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was significantly more severe in pregnant women. The average 25(OH)D value of all enrolled pregnant women was 14.57 ± 7.21 ng/ml (deficiency). Only 15 (4.60%) participants had a 25(OH)D concentration ≥30 ng/ml (sufficient). The prevalence of four ranks of vitamin D levels from severe 25(OH)D deficiency to 25(OH)D sufficiency (<10, 10–20, 20–30, and ≥30 ng/ml) was 29.14%, 52.45%, 13.80%, and 4.60%, respectively. Variants of GC (rs1155563) and CYP24A1 (rs6013897) were significantly associated with both 25(OH)D concentrations and vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women, respectively. Our findings suggest that pregnant women in Eastern and Central China are at high risk of vitamin D deficiency. Genetic mutants in the vitamin D pathway (GC and CYP24A1) were significantly associated with 25(OH)D levels in pregnant women in Eastern and Central China.
Purification, Structural Analysis and Antifatigue Assay of Polysaccharide from Castanea mollissima Blume

In this study,the isolation,purification and structural analysis of Chestnut Polysaccharides(CPS) were performed,and then the anti-fatigue effects were investigated.Gas chromatography of CPS-X indicates that the molar ratio of monosaccharide constituents of CPS-a is glucose∶mannose∶xylose∶arabinose=7.1∶6.2∶5.1∶4.1,and for CPS-b which is glucose∶fructose∶mannose∶ xylose ∶arabinose =7.1 ∶6.4 ∶6.2 ∶5.0 ∶4.1. Infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that both CPS-a and CPS-b have the pyranoid ring,and CPS-a may be a furanose derivative,furthermore,the sugar chain of CPS-b,which may be a sulfated polysaccharide,contains both α-and β-glycosidic bond.The anti-fatigue effects of CPS show that CPS in three different doses all significantly increase exercise tolerance,decrease the content of serum BUN and LAC and increase the content of muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen after swimming.Thus,we conclude that CPS have an excellent effect of anti-fatigue and the optimum does is 200mg/kg.d,and the high doeses shows no superiority.
Studies on the Binding of Anthraquinones and Flavonoids to Human Serum Albumin

The binding of emodin, flavone,quercetin, naringin, baicalin and gentiopicrin to human serum albumin (HSA) was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy. It was shown that these compounds have a powerful ability to quench the HSA fluorescence via a nonradiative energy transfer mechanism except gentiopicrin. The fluorescence quenching data was analyzed according to Scatchard equation,and the binding constants in the range 104 t0 5×105L/mol were obtained. It was found that the affinity of these compounds to HSA is positively related to their hydrophobicity. By use of a spectra overlap integral between the absorption spectrum of these compounds and the emission spectrum for HSA, the distance of Trp-214residue to the first binding site of these compounds was estimated. In addition, the competition binding of oleate with emodin and flavone, baicalin with emodin and quercetin was monitored by fluorescence quenching. The binding mechanism was discussed in brief and an allosteric domain model of emodin-HSA complex was postulated from above results.
Revision of the genus Epiparbattia Caradja, 1925 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae), based on morphology and molecular data

Abstract The genus Epiparbattia Caradja, 1925 is revised based on general appearance, including genitalia. A new species, Epiparbattia multispinalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov. is described. The external characters and genitalia morphology of all species are figured. The phylogeny of Epiparbattia species is investigated using molecular data. Monophyly of the genus is well supported by phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data of COI, 16S rRNA, EF-1α and 28S rRNA gene regions.
A case-control study

Prevalence of postpartum depression (PD) in Chinese women is rising and its associated factors are not well known. In this study we aim to explore the associations between nutritional factors in pregnancy and the risk of PD in Chinese women. A case-control study was performed in our hospital during January 2016 to June 2019. A food frequency questionnaire was designed to collect food consumption before the childbirth preceding month. Nutrition related biochemical indicators including fasting blood-glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and uric acid in the third trimester of pregnancy were detected. Logistic regression model was applied to compute odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). There were 565 participants in this study, which comprised 182 individuals with PD and 383 individuals without. Patients with PD had higher odds of increased GLU (OR=2.62, 95%CI=1.67–4.11), TC (OR=1.73 95%CI=1.22–2.46), TG (OR=2.43, 95%CI= 1.55–3.81), and LDL (OR=3.41, 95%CI=2.09–5.57), but decreased HDL (OR=3.41, 95%CI=2.09–5.57) during pregnancy. With respect to uric acid, there was lack of no statistical association (OR=2.23, 95%CI=0.82–6.26). Food frequency questionnaire indicated a higher meat intake, but a lower vegetable, fruit, fish, and poultry intake in patients with PD during pregnancy. Increased GLU, TC, TG, and LDL, but decreased HDL in later stages of pregnancy might be associated with PD. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, EPDS = the Chinese version of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, FFQ = food frequency questionnaire, GLU = fasting blood-glucose, HDL = high density lipoprotein, LDL = low density lipoprotein, OR = odds ratio, PD = postpartum depression, TC = total cholesterol, TG = triglyceride, UA = uric acid.
Diurnal rhythms of Chinese bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis) body temperature,body mass, and energy metabolism

The diurnal variation of physiological rhythm is an important adaptation mechanism of animals to the environment. In order to understand the diurnal variation of the physiological rhythm of Chinese bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis), the adult Chinese bulbuls in Wenzhou of Zhejiang Province were live-trapped by mist net in June 2008, and their diurnal body temperature (Tb), body mass (Mb), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were measured by inserting a digital thermometer (Beijing Normal University Instruments Co., model TH-212) into cloaca, weighed with a Mettler-Toledo balance (model PL3001-S), and determined with a closed circuit respirometer at controlled temperature (±0.5 ℃), respectively. The Tb and Mb of the adult Chinese bulbuls had obvious diurnal variation, being significantly lower at 4:00 than at 18:00, but the amplitude of variation was remarkably higher at night time than at day time. The BMR was significantly lower at night time than at day time. The diurnal variation of the rhythms of Tb, Mb, and energy metabolism reflected an inner physiological energetic balance of Chinese bulbul, and played important roles in the diurnal acclimatization of the bird.
Results of Flexible Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures in Children

Background: No agreement between the orthopedic surgeons regarding the best treatment for the diaphyseal tibial fracture in children. Hypothesis: The flexible intramedullary nailing technique is a valuable procedure with the lower reported incidence of complications for pediatric patients suffering from diaphyseal tibial fractures in the age group that ranges from 6 to 12 years old. Materials and Methods: This study was performed prospectively on 16 pediatric patients who underwent flexible intramedullary nailing for the management of the diaphyseal tibial fractures. Results: The final results in 12 patients (75%) were excellent and satisfactory in four patients (25%). The average time of clinical union was 6.75 ± 1.12 weeks, while the average time of radiological union was 9.31 ± 0.79. Discussion: The results of the present study were according to other authors raising our hypothesis that flexible intramedullary nailing procedure has many advantages for children suffering from diaphyseal tibial fractures for the age group between 6 and 12 years old when compared to other methods of fixation. Conclusions: We prefer the flexible intramedullary nailing procedure as the first choice to treat the unstable diaphyseal tibial fractures in the pediatric age group between 6 and 12 years old, because it is, less invasive, low chance of infection, refracture, and implant failure. Level of evidence: IV.
Physical activity among women of low socioeconomic status living with HIV in two major cities of Brazil and Mozambique: A cross-sectional comparative study

OBJECTIVES: Physical activity (PA) may reduce cardiovascular risk and preserve functional capacity of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, only limited research objectively measured PA in patients with low socioeconomic status (SES) in low-income countries, particularly in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. This study compared the PA assessed by accelerometers in women of low SES living with HIV under common antiretroviral therapy (cART) from two major cities in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, n=33; 40.1±6.1 years) and Mozambique (Maputo, n=50; 38.8±8.7 years). METHODS: Eligible women wore triaxial accelerometers during seven consecutive days, to estimate their habitual PA and daily energy expenditure. RESULTS: The proportion of participants with overweight/obesity was greater in Rio than Maputo (57% vs. 30%; p=0.021), as well as those classified as sedentary based on steps/day (45% vs. 22%; p=0.02). Sedentary time was prevalent (Median±IQD: Rio-1236±142 vs. Maputo-1192±135 min/day; p=0.15). Time spent in PA was short, but Brazilians exhibited lower amount of light (111±56 vs. 145±51 min/day; p<0.001) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (88±3 vs. 64±36 min/day; p=0.001) vs. Mozambicans. The proportion of patients performing 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA were 58% (Rio) and 82% (Maputo), respectively. Despite of this, estimated daily energy expenditure was equivalent in both groups (1976±579 vs. 1933±492 kcal; p=0.731). CONCLUSIONS: Women with low SES living with HIV in Maputo were more active vs. patients from Rio de Janeiro. Albeit sedentary behavior was prevalent, the proportion of patients complying with the minimum recommended PA for health was higher than values usually reported in developed countries.
Effect of steam explosion on nutritional composition and antioxidative activities of okra seed and its application in gluten‐free cookies

Abstract Health‐conscious consumers are increasingly interested in gluten‐free (GF) foods. Raw okra seed (ROS) flour and steam‐exploded okra seed (SEOS) flour were explored for developing GF cookies with high nutritional values and in vitro enzymatic digestion. Results indicated that the steam explosion exhibited significant effects on enhancing the release of dietary fibers and lipids in okra seed flour at moderate explosion pressure. Although steam explosion caused the loss of flavonoid compounds, moderate high explosion pressure enhanced the release of total phenolics ranged from 294.57 to 619.07 mg GAE/100 g DM with significantly improved DPPH• radical scavenging activity (from 18.78% to 67.34%) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (from 13.37% to 149.04%). The rapidly digestible starch (RDS) content in GF cookies decreased with increasing steam explosion severity, whereas slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) contents significantly increased from 36.91% to 40.92% and from 2.50% to 9.06%, respectively. Steam explosion is an effective technique for enhancing the release of nutrients like dietary fiber and total phenolics, and okra seed flour, especially SEOS flour, can be alternative choices to provide food functional materials for developing various GF food products.
Moderate grazing increased alpine meadow soils bacterial abundance and diversity index on the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract The response of grassland soil bacterial community characteristics to different grazing intensities is central ecological topics. However, the underlying mechanisms between bacterial abundance, diversity index, and grazing intensity remain unclear. We measured alpine meadow soil bacterial gene richness and diversity index under four grazing intensities using 16S rDNA sequence analysis on the Tibetan Plateau. The results suggest that extreme grazing significantly decreased alpine meadow both bacterial gene abundance and diversity index (p < .05). The lowest operational taxonomic unit numbers were 3,012 ± 447 copies under heavy grazing in the growing season. It was significantly lower than heavy grazing with approximately 3,958 ± 119 copies (p < .05). The Shannon index for medium and high grazing grassland bacterial diversity was slightly higher than for light grazing in the growing season. Furthermore, the lowest index was approximately 9.20 ± 0.50 for extreme grazing of grassland in the growing season. The average bacterial gene abundance and diversity index in the dormancy period were slightly higher than that in the growing season. Soil bulk density, pH, ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen were the main positive factors driving grazed grassland bacterial communities. Our study provides insight into the response of alpine meadows to grazing intensity, demonstrating that moderate grazing increases bacterial community diversity in grazed grasslands.
The Difficulties and Needs of Organ Transplant Recipients during Postoperative Care at Home: A Systematic Review

With recent advances in surgery and immunosuppressive drugs, organ transplantation has become a major treatment for irreversible organ failure. However, organ transplant recipients returning home after operation may face ongoing physiological, psychological, and social difficulties. To increase recipients’ quality of life, postoperative care at home is critical. Thus, the aim of this systematic literature review was to explore recipients’ difficulties and needs during postoperative care at home. Our search conformed to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and returned 23 relevant articles published from 1997–2020 in PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Cochrane, ProQuest, and CEPS, which were assessed using the Modified Jadad Scale or the 32 Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) appraisal indices and then synthesized through narration. The most common difficulties faced were psychological difficulties, followed by physiological, social, and other difficulties; the most common needs were psychological needs, followed by education and information training, social, and other needs. These results demonstrated that healthcare professionals can do more to provide patients with comprehensive care and promote successful self-management and quality of life at home. They also confirmed that collaboration between transplant teams, caregivers, and patients is necessary to optimize postoperative outcomes. We suggest that customized care may promote postoperative patients’ self-management and quality of life at home.