Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence de l’hypoperfusion cérébrale à la phase initiale du traumatisme crânien grave. Etude rétrospective en région Lorraine

Introduction: le traumatisme crânien grave (TCG) est un enjeu majeur de santepublique, dont les premieres heures de la prise en charge sont cruciales. Un des objectifsest alors de limiter l’hypotension arterielle et son corollaire l’hypoperfusion cerebrale.Toutefois, les etudes existantes a ce sujet sont anciennes.Objectif: nous avons voulu reevaluer l’influence de l’hypoperfusion cerebrale { la phaseaigue du traumatisme crânien grave sur le devenir neurologique des patients.Methodes: notre etude etait retrospective, monocentrique. Elle incluait les patientsvictimes d’un TCG entre janvier 2010 et juin 2014, hospitalises dans deux services dereanimation du CHU de Nancy. Les parametres tels que la pression arterielle moyenneetaient recueillis depuis le moment du traumatisme jusqu’{ la fin des premieresquarante-huit heures d’hospitalisation en reanimation. Le devenir neurologique etaitevalue par l’echelle Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), evaluee a 6 mois, et la mortalite a 28jours du traumatisme.Resultats: Au total, 138 dossiers ont ete analyses. Le nombre total d’episodesd’hypoperfusion etait significativement different entre les groupes. Il etait plus elevechez les patients au mauvais devenir neurologique (GOS 1, 2 et 3) par rapport auxpatients GOS 4 et 5 (p=0,005). Le nombre d’episodes d’hypoperfusion jusqu’{ 12h del’arrivee en reanimation etait plus eleve chez ces memes patients GOS 1, 2 et 3 (p=0,017). La mortalite a J28 etait significativement plus elevee chez les patients qui avaient le plus d’episodes d’hypoperfusion (p=0,001). Conclusion: A l’heure actuelle, l’hypoperfusion cerebrale { la phase initiale du traumatisme crânien grave reste associee a une mauvaise evolution neurologique
Lack of the inhibitory effect of intragastrically administered capsaicin on NNK-induced lung tumor formation in the A.J mouse.

Capsaicin is the principal component in Capsicum fruits consumed by humans worldwide as a food additive. The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is thought to be an important causative factor in human lung cancer. Dietary factors are reported to modify lung tumor formation in laboratory animals and in humans. In this study, NNK-induced lung tumor formation in female A/J mice given intragastric doses of capsaicin (5 mg/kg body wt) was compared to mice not receiving capsaicin. At the end of the 21 week study, mice treated with capsaicin had an average of 17.1 +/- 1.8 lung tumors/mouse while untreated mice had 19.6 +/- 2. There were 100% lung tumor bearers in each group. Capsaicin alone did not affect spontaneous formation of lung tumors. Our results do not support a possible chemoprotective effect of dietary capsaicin toward NNK-induced lung tumors in human smokers.
Effect of Dried Powders or Ethanol Extracts of Garlic Flesh and Peel on Lipid Metabolism and Antithrombogenic Capacity in 16-Month-Old Rats

This study was performed to investigate effect of dried powders and ethanol extracts of garlic flesh and peel on lipid metabolism and antithrombogenic capacity in 16-month-old rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 618.16. 5 g were blocked into five groups according to body weight and raised for 3 months with control and experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) of dried powders of garlic flesh or peel, or ethanol extracts from equal amount of each dried powder and control diet. Plasma and liver total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol, and plasma HDL-cholesterol, throm-boxane (TX ), 6-keto-prostaglandin (6-keto-PG ) concentrations were measured. Total, insoluble and soluble dietary fibers contents were highest in peel powder followed by fresh powder, and those in ethanol extracts of flesh and peel, especially soluble, very low. Plasma and liver total lipids, triglyceride, and total cholesterol concentrations were lower in all the garlic experimental groups compared to Especially, flesh and peel powder lowered plasma total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations markedly, and flesh powder and flesh ethanol extract lowered liver total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentration remarkably. Plasma TX concentrations in garlic experimental groups were lower than that of control group, and 6-keto-PG concentrations. In garlic experimental groups were higher than that of control group. Flesh ethanol extract group showed the lowest TX and the highest 6-keto-PG concentrations among experimental groups, so TX /6-keto-PG ratio in flesh ethanol extract group was significantly lower than that of control group. Moreover, clotting time was significantly increased in flesh ethanol extract group as compared to control group. In conclusion, intakes of dried powders and ethanol extracts of garlic flesh and peel were effective in lowering lipid levels of liver and plasma. And also flesh ethanol extract diet was most effective in antithrombogenic activity among garlic experimental groups as TX /6-keto-PG ratio in flesh ethanol extract group was significantly lower and clotting time was significantly increased in this group as compared to control group.ntrol group.
A fast method for checking the genetic identity of ramets in a clonal seed orchard by RAPD analysis with a bulking procedure

In this study we demonstrate a fast method for checking the genetic identity of ramets in a Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii PARL.) clonal seed orchard, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with a bulking procedure. We used six different artificial mixtures consisting of needle samples from two clones that were bulked in the proportion three to one to test the sensitivity of RAPD markers. We compared the RAPD patterns of the bulked samples with those of the single clones used for the artificial mixtures. Out of 20 markers, 18 markers were present in the bulked samples, when one of the clones possessed the marker. However, two markers were absent in the bulked samples, even though one of the clones possessed the marker. Using the 18 markers, RAPD patterns of the bulked samples were different from those of single clones. Out of 18 markers selected in this study, we used 15 markers for checking the genetic identity of ramets in the seed orchard. First, we collected the needles of 157 trees from the seed orchard, individually. Second, we mixed an equal amount of needle samples from a maximum of four individuals of the same clone, depending on the planting map. Third, we compared the RAPD patterns of the bulked samples with those of their standard individuals of the clone. Out of 42 bulked samples (14 clones x 3 bulked samples) investigated, we found the RAPD patterns of 3 bulked samples to be different from those of the standard individual of the diagnostic clone. Subsequently, we fingerprinted a total of 12 trees comprised of 3 suspicious bulked samples with RAPD markers individually, and detected one mislabeled tree per bulked sample. We were able to check the genetic identity of 157 trees by making a RAPD analysis of 42 bulked samples and 12 individuals. The workload was only about one-third of the workload when making the individual RAPD analyses. We concluded that RAPD analysis with a bulking procedure would be useful for rapidly checking the genetic identity of ramets in clonal seed orchards.
The role of some probiotic lactic acid bacteria in theb reduction of cholesterol on mice

The potential use of Probiotics in restoring the urogenital and gastrointestinal health has received tremendous interest in the last decade, while few safety concerns are still being debated. The effect of two probiotic lactic acid bacteria strains tested for their ability to assimilation of Cholesterol In Vivo (in previous work; In Vitro ) and their effect on feeding mice on general health indicators, hematological parameters and their ability to reduce the cholesterol level in blood serum; the results showed that no adverse effect on the hematological parameters and the probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus P106, Lactobacillus acidophilus P110) effect on reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood serum especially Lactobacillus acidophilus P106.
Breeding strategies for resource-limited environments.

Attention is drawn to three recent papers stating that natural selection has been ignored in the development of quantitative genetics, and adding the theory necessary for quantitative genetics to account for it. When natural selection on fitness is included in the theory, it becomes clear that adapted animals are limited by their environment. The consequences for animal breeding are discussed, particularly for conditions on pastures where further environmental improvement is uneconomic.
Compositional Changes in Surface Mycoflora During Ripening of Naturally Fermented Sausages.

Changes in the composition of the surface mycoflora during ripening of naturally fermented sausages were examined. The samples were collected from small-scale production plants in Northern Italy. In the first part of the ripening process yeast dominated the mycoflora and constituted more than 95% (colony forming units [CFU]). After 2 weeks' ripening, yeast and molds were present in equal quantities. The molds continued to increase in numbers and at the end of processing the result was a more than 95% dominance. The genus Penicillium dominated the mycoflora at the end of the ripening process. Penicillium nalgiovense , a species frequently used as a starter culture, constituted 50% of the molds and was found to occur naturally in the environment. Four species, Penicillium olsonii , Penicillium spathulatum , Penicillium oxalicum and Penicillium capsulatum , that have not been isolated from this environment before constituted, respectively 15%, 5%, 3%, and about 1% of the mycoflora. Also, Penicillium species that are known as potential producers of mycotoxins were isolated; e.g., Penicillium verrucosum and Penicillium commune constituted 5 and 3% of the mycoflora. It was shown that six out of nine isolates of P. verrucosum produced ochratoxin A and one isolate produced citrinin. One isolate of P. commune was examined and shown to produce cyclopiazonic acid. A large number, 53, of Penicillium nalgiovense isolates were examined, but no known mycotoxins were shown to be produced after growth on synthetic agar media.
Characterization of two novel barren mutants in maize.

Author(s): Buck, Amy Marie | Abstract: Maize inflorescence architecture is dictated by groups of tightly regulated pluripotent stem cells called meristems, capable of forming all lateral organs. The barren class of maize mutants has defects in the formation and development of these meristems that result in an obvious decrease in branching events evident as "barren" patches on the ear and/or tassel, the two maize inflorescences. Previously cloned barren mutants have tied meristem initiation and development to the phytohormone auxin. Barren inflorescence3 (Bif3) and barren inflorescence173 (bif173) are two novel maize barren mutants affected in inflorescence development. Detailed morphological analyses suggest that these mutant phenotypes are caused by defects in meristem maintenance and/or initiation. With the characterization and cloning of the genes affected in both mutants we hope to identify new pathways controlling meristem function, and increase our knowledge on the regulation of maize inflorescence architecture
Heritability and intraspecific heterochrony in Ordovician bryozoans from environments differing in diversity

Environmental conditions affect both the character and variability of developmental patterns (=astogeny) within each of four species of Ordovician bryozoans. Regressions between pairs of stereological measurements for populations from both high-and low-diversity habitats differ significantly in 79 percent of all comparisons. Deviations from a rigid pattern of development, measured as dispersion from regression, were greater in species populations from low diversity settings in 77 percent of comparisons. Therefore, both developmental patterns and their variability differ intraspecifically along a diversity gradient in representatives of four bryozoan families. Additionally, dispersion values were larger in younger rather than older colonies in two species irrespective of diversity level, thus suggesting an age-related reduction in variation. Changes in developmental trajectories indicate that colonies from low-diversity settings are generally paedomorphic relative to conspecific populations from high-diversity habitats. The heritability of these characters and developmental patterns, estimated using variance partitioning techniques, is greater in high-diversity associations. These findings suggest that character state modifications dependent upon astogeny, or a consequence of astogenetic modifications, are more heritable in high-diversity settings. However, if the environment can cause facultative heterochrony, the possibility of fixing such patterns in subsequent generations is increased, although the mechanism for accomplishing this is presently unknown.
Abominable Science!: Origins of the Yeti, Nessie, and Other Famous Cryptids

Abominable Science! Origins of the Yeti, Nessie, and other . Throughout our history, humans have been captivated by mythic beasts and legendary creatures. Tales of Bigfoot, the Yeti, and the Loch Ness monster are part of our collective experience. Now comes a book from two dedicated investigators that explores and elucidates the fascinating world of cryptozoology. Daniel Loxton and Donald R. Prothero have written an entertaining, educational, and .
Allelic Gene Interaction and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis of Purple Pericarp Trait for Yield Improvement in Black Rice

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major cereal crops for consumption by the world’s population. Recently, various colored rice, such as white, red, brown, green, and black rice, have caught the attention of world consumers. The commercial name ‘black rice’ contains a high amount of anthocyanins in pericarp, which increases nutritional value. Moreover, anthocyanin in black rice possesses biomedical properties, including anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects in humans. In genetics, black rice has a dominant PURPLE PERICARP (Prp) trait governed by two genes, Pb and Pp, which are involved in the synthesis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G). Since the publication of a report by Nagai at 1921, the genetics and physiological studies of black rice driven by Prp traits are still unable to understand the relevant genes and their roles. However, with the increased demand for anthocyanin-rich black rice as a functional food for human health, it has become urgent to develop highyielding anthocyanin-rich varieties of rice. We explored many years in the genetics of purple pericarp trait, anthocyanin biosynthesis in pericarp during seed development, and, consequently, their products in relation to different physiological and agronomic traits. In this review, we summarized the anthocyanin biosynthesis in pericarp, emphasizing the inheritance pattern of the trait and functions of their products on different physiological and agronomic traits, including the yield of black rice.
Storage potential of niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) seeds under ambient conditions

Germination behavior, viability and longevity of the seeds were studied in an important oil-yielding crop, niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass., Asteraceae) stored in screw capped plastic containers under ambient conditions. Immediately after harvest (December) germination percentage was lower from February (2 months of storage) to October with 80%-100% germination. Thereafter, the germination percentage sharply declined and the viability was completely lost after 16 months of storage. Viability tests with Tetrazolium gave reasonable agreement with the results from germination tests. During winter months with relatively low room temperature significant increase in germination percentage was obtained when the seeds were incubated at 28 ± 2°C. Loss of viability with ageing was always associated with reduced radicle growth and irregularities and abnormalities in hypocotyl development. 100 seed weight and seed moisture content also decreased during storage. It was concluded that niger seeds could not be stored for more than a year under ambient conditions.
Landscape-Scale Gradients and Temporal Changes in the Prey Species of the White-Tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla)

The return of apex predators re-shape population densities of their prey species, creating conflicts and challenges for the conservation and management of both predator and prey populations. The population of white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in the Baltic Sea has grown rapidly since the 1980s after a previous population collapse, causing growing predation pressure on its prey species. However, little is known about variation in the prey use in the landscape or changes in time. We provide detailed information about the diet of the white-tailed eagle along landscape-scaled gradients and about temporal changes in their diet over 25 years. We used an extensive data set with 7700 identified prey remains collected during the breeding season on the Åland Islands (Finland) 1985–2010. The results support the view of the white-tailed eagle as an opportunistic hunter, preying on the most available prey and switching to other prey when the availability changes.
Assessing the impact of global warming on worldwide open field tomato cultivation through CSIRO-Mk3·0 global climate model

SUMMARY Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops globally and an important agricultural sector for generating employment. Open field cultivation of tomatoes exposes the crop to climatic conditions, whereas greenhouse production is protected. Hence, global warming will have a greater impact on open field cultivation of tomatoes rather than the controlled greenhouse environment. Although the scale of potential impacts is uncertain, there are techniques that can be implemented to predict these impacts. Global climate models (GCMs) are useful tools for the analysis of possible impacts on a species. The current study aims to determine the impacts of climate change and the major factors of abiotic stress that limit the open field cultivation of tomatoes in both the present and future, based on predicted global climate change using CLIMatic indEX and the A2 emissions scenario, together with the GCM Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)-Mk3·0 (CS), for the years 2050 and 2100. The results indicate that large areas that currently have an optimum climate will become climatically marginal or unsuitable for open field cultivation of tomatoes due to progressively increasing heat and dry stress in the future. Conversely, large areas now marginal and unsuitable for open field cultivation of tomatoes will become suitable or optimal due to a decrease in cold stress. The current model may be useful for plant geneticists and horticulturalists who could develop new regional stress-resilient tomato cultivars based on needs related to these modelling projections.
DIETA DO MANDUBÉ, Ageneiosus ucayalensis (CASTELNAU, 1855), (OSTEICHTHYES: AUCHENIPTERIDAE) DO RESERVATÓRIO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA COARACY NUNES, FERREIRA GOMES-AMAPÁ, BRASIL

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a dieta de Ageneiosus ucayalensis do reservatorio da Usina Hidreletrica Coaracy Nunes, no municipio de Ferreira Gomes/AP. As amostragens foram feitas bimestralmente em tres estacoes de coleta na area do reservatorio entre julho/2009 e julho/2010. As coletas foram realizadas utilizando redes de espera, organizadas em baterias com sete redes cada e diferentes distâncias entre nos. Apos a captura, foi realizada a biometria dos exemplares, sendo seus estomagos retirados, fixados e conservados para analise em laboratorio. A proporcao sexual foi realizada no intuito de verificar se houve diferenca significativa entre os sexos. Os itens alimentares do conteudo estomacal foram agrupados em categorias amplas e analisados atraves dos metodos de frequencia de ocorrencia e volumetrico, combinados no Indice de Importância Alimentar (IAi), por periodo sazonal. Os resultados evidenciaram que a proporcao entre os sexos foi de 1:1, com uma leve predominância de femeas. Quanto a alimentacao, a especie mostrou-se carnivora, com a dieta baseada principalmente em microcrustaceos, crustaceos, peixes e material nao identificavel. Variacoes sazonais na dieta nao foram nitidas e, provavelmente, estao relacionadas tanto a disponibilidade das presas na area quanto a manipulacao do nivel da agua do reservatorio pelo controle de comportas. Palavras-chave: alimentacao, UHE, peixes, Siluriformes, IAi.
Impact of conformation traits on functional longevity in South African Holstein cattle

A proportional hazards model with a piecewise Weibull baseline hazard was used to determine the impact of observed scores for rump, udder, feet and leg traits on longevity. Conformation data of a total of 15 704 cows with either of or all 13 type traits for the period 1995–2013 were obtained from the Holstein Society of South Africa. Functional longevity was defined as the number of days from first calving to culling or censoring, adjusted for production. Type traits were fitted to the reference model one at a time. The model included the fixed time-dependent effect of region by year of calving, within-herd milk production class by year-season, number of lactations by stage of lactation by within-herd milk production class, protein and fat percent production class by year of calving, herd size by annual herd size change, fixed time-independent effect of age at first calving and presence of type record. Cows without type scores were 7–26% more likely to be culled than those with scores. Udder traits had the greatest impact on functional longevity. Fore teat placement had the strongest influence on functional longevity followed by udder depth, fore udder attachment, median ligament and rear treat placement. Rump and udder width had the least Chi-square contributions. Risk of culling was significantly higher for cows with very narrow chest, weak median ligament, extremely towed out teats and short rump height. There is potential for indirectly selecting animals for longevity based on udder type trait information.
Ground-based study of gravitational forces acting on muscle cells

Mechanotransduction is a process where cells sense their surroundings and convert the physical forces in their environment into an appropriate response. Calcium plays a crucial role in the translation of such forces to biochemical signals that control various biological processes fundamental in muscle development. The mechanical stimulation of muscle cells may for example result from stretch, electric and magnetic stimulation, shear stress, and altered gravity exposure. The response, mainly involving changes in intracellular calcium concentration then leads to a cascade of events by the activation of downstream signaling pathways. The key calcium-dependent pathways described here include the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. The subsequent effects in cellular homeostasis consist of cytoskeletal remodeling, cell cycle progression, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, all necessary for healthy muscle