Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors.

BACKGROUND Many consumer-based monitors are marketed to provide personal information on the levels of physical activity and daily energy expenditure (EE), but little or no information is available to substantiate their validity. PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the validity of EE estimates from a variety of consumer-based, physical activity monitors under free-living conditions. METHODS Sixty (26.4 ± 5.7 yr) healthy males (n = 30) and females (n = 30) wore eight different types of activity monitors simultaneously while completing a 69-min protocol. The monitors included the BodyMedia FIT armband worn on the left arm, the DirectLife monitor around the neck, the Fitbit One, the Fitbit Zip, and the ActiGraph worn on the belt, as well as the Jawbone Up and Basis B1 Band monitor on the wrist. The validity of the EE estimates from each monitor was evaluated relative to criterion values concurrently obtained from a portable metabolic system (i.e., Oxycon Mobile). Differences from criterion measures were expressed as a mean absolute percent error and were evaluated using 95% equivalence testing. RESULTS For overall group comparisons, the mean absolute percent error values (computed as the average absolute value of the group-level errors) were 9.3%, 10.1%, 10.4%, 12.2%, 12.6%, 12.8%, 13.0%, and 23.5% for the BodyMedia FIT, Fitbit Zip, Fitbit One, Jawbone Up, ActiGraph, DirectLife, NikeFuel Band, and Basis B1 Band, respectively. The results from the equivalence testing showed that the estimates from the BodyMedia FIT, Fitbit Zip, and NikeFuel Band (90% confidence interval = 341.1-359.4) were each within the 10% equivalence zone around the indirect calorimetry estimate. CONCLUSIONS The indicators of the agreement clearly favored the BodyMedia FIT armband, but promising preliminary findings were also observed with the Fitbit Zip.
Aesthetical Reconstruction of an Anterior Tooth in an Alveolar Cleft Site: A Case Report and 3-Year Follow-up Findings.

Abstract Abstract An alveolar cleft often displays the furrowed shape of the buccal site because of the lack of alveolar bone and gingival contracts. A 35-year-old woman presented with a repaired cleft lip and a non-grafted alveolar cleft associated with a missing lateral incisor on the left side of the maxilla. The central incisor had been an abutment tooth of a bridge for 15 years; however, it fractured and was extracted. Orthodontic treatment was antecedent to implant reconstruction because the edentulous space was not adequate for a single tooth replacement. As the palate was closed by the mucosa, bone grafting was not performed at the cleft site beforehand. Dental implant placement was performed within the narrowed, beamlike bone, and hydroxyapatite particles were used to augment the ridge. A relaxing incision and expansion of the invaginated mucosa improved the buccal shape of the gum. The usage of a narrow-type implant and bone substitutes facilitated the minimization of surgical stress, even though she did not undergo autologous bone-grafting surgery. Additionally, the aesthetical reconstruction of the anterior region significantly improved her quality of life at the 3-year follow-up.
Clustering by synchronization

Synchronization is a powerful basic concept in nature regulating a large variety of complex processes ranging from the metabolism in the cell to social behavior in groups of individuals. Therefore, synchronization phenomena have been extensively studied and models robustly capturing the dynamical synchronization process have been proposed, e.g. the Extensive Kuramoto Model. Inspired by the powerful concept of synchronization, we propose Sync, a novel approach to clustering. The basic idea is to view each data object as a phase oscillator and simulate the interaction behavior of the objects over time. As time evolves, similar objects naturally synchronize together and form distinct clusters. Inherited from synchronization, Sync has several desirable properties: The clusters revealed by dynamic synchronization truly reflect the intrinsic structure of the data set, Sync does not rely on any distribution assumption and allows detecting clusters of arbitrary number, shape and size. Moreover, the concept of synchronization allows natural outlier handling, since outliers do not synchronize with cluster objects. For fully automatic clustering, we propose to combine Sync with the Minimum Description Length principle. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real world data demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
Mandibular Ridge Augmentation Using a Mineralized Ilium Block: A Case Letter.

S everal dental procedures address implant placement in partially or totally edentulous patients. Problems associated with implantation in these patients often arise due to limited bone height or width of the mandible. In such cases, mandibular augmentation is required before implantation can take place. Other regeneration techniques, such as guided bone regeneration, also address these bone defects. Some techniques focus on ridge augmentation before implant placement, while both procedures are performed simultaneously in others. Loss of residual ridge is an age-old and predictable problem that can affect treatment options as well as the final outcome. Bone responds to the forces placed upon it. When the physiologic need for bone in a particular locale ceases to exist, the sequence of loss is predictable, has been well described, and can be classified into 6 atrophy stages. Horizontal loss occurs quickly, while vertical loss occurs in the late stages. The loss of teeth can create many problems, including the disintegration of jaw structure, loss of face support, and damage to the remaining teeth, which must bear the full stress of chewing. When enough teeth are missing, food choices and nutritional changes begin to cause medical problems and can affect general well-being. Even after the loss of 1 tooth, the jaw bone irreversibly changes if an implant does not replace the tooth. While autograft is generally recognized as the most appropriate solution to regenerate the site of lost bone due to its osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic properties, autograft is not an option for all patients. Second-site morbidity, lack of volume of material needed, and patient wishes must all be considered. Block allografts have been used successfully in a number of selected applications. When anatomy dictates, an alternative method of treatment used in ridge augmentation involves a mineralized ilium block, which has demonstrated application in a variety of specialties, including orthopedics, neurosurgery, and craniomaxillofacial procedures. These block allografts have been demonstrated to support missing bone structure and remodel appropriately via normal regenerative pathways. The following case presentation involves mandibular ridge augmentation using a mineralized ilium block allograft.
Physical activity offsets the negative effects of a high-fructose diet.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the interaction between a high-fructose diet and PA levels on postprandial lipidemia and inflammation in normal-weight, recreationally active individuals. METHODS Twenty-two men and women (age, 21.2 ± 0.6 yr; body mass index, 22.5 ± 0.6 kg · m(-2)) consumed an additional 75 g of fructose for 14 d on two separate occasions: high physical activity (PA) (approximately 12,500 steps per day) (FR+active) and low PA (approximately 4500 steps per day) (FR+inactive). A fructose-rich test meal was given before and at the end of each intervention. Blood was sampled at baseline and for 6 h after the meal for triglycerides (TG), VLDL, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and C-reactive protein. RESULTS Log-transformed TG area under the curve (AUC) significantly increased from before (10.1 ± 0.1 mg · dL(-1) × min for 6 h) to after (10.3 ± 0.08 mg · dL(-1) × min for 6 h, P = 0.04) the FR+inactive intervention, with an 88% increase in Δ peak TG (P = 0.009) and an 84% increase in Δ peak VLDL (P = 0.002). Δ Peak interleukin 6 also increased by 116% after the FR+inactive intervention (P = 0.009). Insulin total AUC significantly decreased after FR+active intervention (P = 0.04), with no change in AUC after the FR+inactive intervention. No changes were observed in glucose, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein concentrations (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low PA during a period of high fructose intake augments fructose-induced postprandial lipidemia and inflammation, whereas high PA minimizes these fructose-induced metabolic disturbances. Even within a young healthy population, maintenance of high PA (>12,500 steps per day) decreases susceptibility to cardiovascular risk factors associated with elevated fructose consumption.
Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictivevalue of patch testing: the more you test, the more you get?

Pathophysiological variability affects the results of patch testing. In addition, even a minimal degree of test‐imprecision due to this variability has a number of important statistical consequencies for the analysis and interpretation of any patch test data set. One such statistical phenomenon that is often overlooked is the dependance of the positive predictive value (i.e., the predictive value of a positive patch test) on sensitivity and specificity, the impact of which is heavily dependent on the proportion of truly allergic subjects that are studied. A 2nd important issue is the fact that patch testing is performed in series, which means multiple tests. If we assume, for example, a patch test series of only 10 allergens, then it can be demonstrated that there is a random probability of over 40% to find, simply by chance, for at least 1 allergen, a statistically significant difference between 2 groups of patients. Comparison of the results of series between patients calls for statistical adjustments in order to prevent erroneously positive differences and/or associations.
New aspects in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes without ST-elevation: ICTUS and ISAR-COOL in perspective

For treatment of patients with high-risk acute coronary syndromes, current guidelines recommend early coronary angiography and coronary revascularization, when feasible, irrespective of the primary success of medical treatment. Moreover, the results of a randomized trial (ISAR-COOL) suggested performing revascularization as early as possible. The concept of systematic coronary angiography and revascularization in high-risk acute coronary syndromes has been challenged recently by another randomized study (ICTUS) demonstrating an excess of myocardial infarction during 1-year follow-up with a routine-invasive strategy when compared with a selectively invasive strategy. This review intends to put the new trial results in perspective with evidence from previous studies.
Neighborhood environments and objectively measured physical activity in 11 countries.

PURPOSE Environmental changes are potentially effective population-level physical activity (PA) promotion strategies. However, robust multisite evidence to guide international action for developing activity-supportive environments is lacking. We estimated pooled associations of perceived environmental attributes with objectively measured PA outcomes, between-site differences in such associations, and the extent to which perceived environmental attributes explain between-site differences in PA. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 16 cities located in Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, China, Mexico, New Zealand, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States of America. Participants were 6968 adults residing in administrative units stratified by socioeconomic status and transport-related walkability. Predictors were 10 perceived neighborhood environmental attributes. Outcome measures were accelerometry-assessed weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and meeting the PA guidelines for cancer/weight gain prevention (420 min·wk of MVPA). RESULTS Most perceived neighborhood attributes were positively associated with the PA outcomes in the pooled, site-adjusted, single-predictor models. Associations were generalizable across geographical locations. Aesthetics and land use mix-access were significant predictors of both PA outcomes in the fully adjusted models. Environmental attributes accounted for within-site variability in MVPA, corresponding to an SD of 3 min·d or 21 min·wk. Large between-site differences in PA outcomes were observed; 15.9%-16.8% of these differences were explained by perceived environmental attributes. All neighborhood attributes were associated with between-site differences in the total effects of the perceived environment on PA outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Residents' perceptions of neighborhood attributes that facilitate walking were positively associated with objectively measured MVPA and meeting the guidelines for cancer/weight gain prevention at the within- and between-site levels. Associations were similar across study sites, lending support for international recommendations for designing PA-friendly built environments.
Heart rate variability patterns in ischemic episodes

Presents the results of the study carried out on a group of patients with ischemic episodes by way of the analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV). These results show the existence of determined HRV patterns associated with different types of ischemic episodes, which makes possible the use of this technique for the monitoring of myocardial ischemia. A methodology of heart rate signal processing has been used which is especially indicated for the study of short duration phenomena, such as ischemic episodes.
Expresión de Receptores de Estrógenos y Progesterona en el Tracto Genital de Ovejas Raza Texel

El comportamiento reproductivo de los ovinos varia entre las diferentes razas. Dentro de los factores que inciden en la capacidad reproductiva, el nivel de expresion de receptores de estrogenos y progesterona en su tracto genital parece tener un rol relevante. En el endometrio, oviducto y ovario los estrogenos y progesterona, regulan la expresion de numerosas proteinas comprometidas en su desarrollo morfofuncional. Factores geneticos como la raza estarian relacionados con los niveles de expresion de estos receptores. Las ovejas de raza Texel tienen elevados indices de fertilidad, son muy prolificas y presentan un alto porcentaje de gestacion multiple lo cual podria tener relacion con la expresion de estos receptores en el tracto reproductivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la expresion de receptores de estrogenos y progesterona en tracto genital de ovejas de raza Texel de alta prolificidad. La expresion de la proteina receptora de ambos receptores se detecto mediante analisis inmunohistoquimico y el nivel de expresion de los transcritos por RT-PCR en Tiempo Real Cuantitativo. Los resultados muestran expresion inmunohistoquimica del receptor de estrogeno principalmente en zonas glandulares y carunculares del endometrio. Se destaca ademas una menor expresion de ambos receptores en ovario, epitelio del oviducto y cervix. La expresion del receptor de progesterona a nivel inmunohistoquimico es bastante menor en cuanto a la senal destacandose marcas debiles en endometrio y ovarios. El nivel de expresion de los transcritos mantiene la misma distribucion que las senales inmunohistoquimicas para ambos receptores. Concluimos que ambos receptores son expresados en el sistema reproductivo de ovejas de raza Texel en una distribucion similar a lo encontrado en otras razas de ovejas quedando por definir si los niveles de expresion son similares en las distintas razas.
Small‐Diameter Implants: A 7‐Year Retrospective Study

&NA; Oral implantology has become a major discipline within the field of dentistry. Small or mini dental implants have demonstrated success in the retention of removable and fixed prostheses. Small‐diameter implants (SDI) and mini‐diameter implants (MDI) describe a group of implants that demonstrate a diameter less than 3 mm. This retrospective study reports on 335 SDI placed during a 7‐year period. All implants were placed in healed sites (>6 months) and loaded immediately or after waiting 3 months. A total of 321 implants were restored and functional within the study's time interval. A total of 14 implants failed, resulting in a 96.1% implant success rate. Treatment plan considerations should include prosthetic design, specific arch, and immediate load. Overall, SDI can be utilized as an alternative implant treatment option for patients with atrophic bone, compromised medical histories and financial constraints.
Effect of prolonged sitting and breaks in sitting time on endothelial function.

UNLABELLED Sitting time (ST) is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, whereas breaking ST has been reported to be beneficial for reducing cardiovascular risk. PURPOSE The objective of this study is to examine the effects of breaking ST on superficial femoral artery (SFA) endothelial function. HYPOTHESES 1) Prolonged sitting would induce endothelial dysfunction and changes in shear forces, and 2) breaking ST with brief periods of activity would prevent attenuation in endothelial function. METHODS Twelve nonobese men (24.2 ± 4.2 yr) participated in two randomized 3-h sitting trials. In the sitting (SIT) trial, subjects were seated on a firmly cushioned chair for 3 h without moving their lower extremities. In the breaking ST trial (ACT), subjects sat similar to the SIT trial but walked on a treadmill for 5 min at 2 mph at 30 min, 1 h 30 min, and 2 h 30 min during the sitting interval. SFA flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was assessed at baseline, 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h in each trial. Statistical analyses were performed using dependent variables SFA FMD and shear rates. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS In the SIT trial, there was a significant decline in SFA FMD from baseline to 3 h (baseline, 4.72% ± 3.78%; 1 h, 0.52% ± 0.85%; 2 h, 1.66% ± 1.11%; 3 h, 2.2% ± 2.15; P < 0.05 by ANOVA) accompanied by a decline in mean shear rate and antegrade shear rate but no difference in shear rate (area under the curve). By two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, ACT prevented the sitting-induced decline in FMD (baseline, 4.5% ± 2.3%; 1 h, 5.04% ± 2.85%; 2 h, 5.28% ± 5.05%; 3 h, 6.9% ± 4.5%) along with no decline in shear rates. CONCLUSION Three hours of sitting resulted in a significant impairment in shear rate and SFA FMD. When light activity breaks were introduced hourly during sitting, the decline in FMD was prevented.
Screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) in South Africa: A caution against uncritical use of comparative data from other developing countries

The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders necessitates community-based screening. In recent years, progress has been made in developing more localised comparative data for use in such screening on the African continent. These studies used measurements that are considered fair, easily accessible, and quick to administer. However, the variance in available international data limits their usefulness and poses a risk to the appropriate streaming of individuals. Here, examples are presented of variance in both cross-national and local demographic screening and neuropsychological test scores, with the aim of cautioning practitioners against undue reliance on general African data for classification of individuals. Recommendations are provided for the development of appropriate norms, specific to local communities. S Afr J HIV Med 2013;14(1):17-19. DOI:10.7196/SAJHIVMED.855
Response of Bone Turnover Markers and Cytokines to High-Intensity Low-Impact Exercise.

INTRODUCTION Low-impact, high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) was used to investigate the postexercise response in bone turnover markers and cytokines. METHODS Twenty-three recreationally active males (21.8 ± 2.4 yr) performed one HIE bout on a cycle ergometer at 90% maximum workload. The total duration of the exercise was 12 min and included six 1-min high-intensity exercise intervals separated by 1-min rest intervals. Blood samples were collected before exercise, 5 min, 1 h, and 24 h after exercise and were analyzed for serum levels of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 10 [IL-10], interleukin 6 [IL-6], interleukin 1-alpha [IL-1α], interleukin 1-beta [IL-1β], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and markers of bone formation (bone alkaline phosphatase [BAP], osteoprotegerin [OPG]) and resorption (amino-terminal cross-linking propeptide [NTX], receptor activator of NF-κB ligand [RANKL]). RESULTS There was a significant (P < 0.05) time effect for all bone turnover markers. Post hoc analysis showed that BAP, OPG, and RANKL significantly increased from baseline to 5 min after exercise (10.9%, 13.5%, and 34.2%, P < 0.05). At 1 h after exercise, only BAP was significantly higher than baseline (9.5%, P = 0.010) and remained higher than baseline at 24 h (10.9%, P = 0.001). NTX was significantly lower than baseline 24 h after exercise (-14.6%, P = 0.046). Significant (P < 0.05) time effects were also observed for IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, with all four significantly increasing 5 min after exercise and returning to baseline levels 1 h after exercise. The postexercise changes in bone formation markers correlated positively with the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) and negatively with the pro-inflammatory cytokines while NTX correlated positively with a pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that HIE stimulates a response in bone turnover markers and cytokines and that a correlation exists between immune and skeletal responses to this form of exercise. This type of exercise may benefit individuals for whom high-impact exercise might be contraindicated.
Case study for running HPC applications in public clouds

Cloud computing is emerging as an alternative computing platform to bridge the gap between scientists' growing computational demands and their computing capabilities. A scientist who wants to run HPC applications can obtain massive computing resources 'in the cloud' quickly (in minutes), as opposed to days or weeks it normally takes under traditional business processes. Due to the popularity of Amazon EC2, most HPC-in-the-cloud research has been conducted using EC2 as a target platform. Previous work has not investigated how results might depend upon the cloud platform used. In this paper, we extend previous research to three public cloud computing platforms. In addition to running classical benchmarks, we also port a 'full-size' NASA climate prediction application into the cloud, and compare our results with that from dedicated HPC systems. Our results show that 1) virtualization technology, which is widely used by cloud computing, adds little performance overhead; 2) most current public clouds are not designed for running scientific applications primarily due to their poor networking capabilities. However, a cloud with moderately better network (vs. EC2) will deliver a significant performance improvement. Our observations will help to quantify the improvement of using fast networks for running HPC-in-the-cloud, and indicate a promising trend of HPC capability in future private science clouds. We also discuss techniques that will help scientists to best utilize public cloud platforms despite current deficiencies.