Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análise das propriedades estruturais e elásticas do composto Al2TiO5 utilizando cálculos de primeiros princípios

A engenharia mecânica vem se desenvolvendo nas mais diversas areas sobretudo no âmbito da ciencia dos materiais e nos processos de producao. Um dos processos mais utilizados pela industria e o processo de fundicao, que faz uso de um molde para fabricar as pecas que serao usadas nas mais diversas areas, sendo o Titanato de Aluminio um material muito propenso para constituir tal molde. No presente trabalho sao calculados os parâmetros de rede e as constantes elasticas do Titanato de Aluminio (Al2TiO5) utilizando os calculos de primeiros principios. Para isso fez-se uso do software Cambridge Sequencial Total Energy Package (CASTEP), que calcula tais propriedades a partir da funcao de onda, utilizando a teoria do funcional da densidade para estimar tais propriedades. Foi constatado que quando utilizada a aproximacao LDA com energia de 500 ev ha um maior erro quando comparado aos valores experimentais de 1,5%. Utilizando as constantes elasticas, coeficientes matriciais e modulo de Bulk foi constatado que o material e mecanicamente estavel e pode ser usado na industria.
Effect of antioxidant vitamins on lipid profile and total antioxidant capacity in hemodialysis patients

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effect of vitamins C and E combined on lipid profile and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 38 hemodialysis patients received orally a combination of vitamin C (250 mg) and vitamin E (200 I.U) thrice a week for 2 months. Serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride and plasma TAC were measured at baseline and at the end of experimental period. Results A significant increase in the levels of TAC and HDL (P
The Impact of the Vaccine Supply Chain on the Socioeconomic Status of Regions in Niger

The link between low socioeconomic status and limited access to vaccines has been established in both developed and developing nations. Access to vaccines can be hindered in two ways: the population not utilizing available services, and immunization locations not offering enough vaccine to supply the demand. In the ecological framework of an immunization program, this point is critical to understand in order to assess the current national immunization program. This study aimed to understand if the way the vaccine supply chain (i.e., the ordered system in which vaccines travel from the manufacturer to the clinics) is currently designed could be reflecting socioeconomic conditions of Nigeriens through three main measures: vaccine availability, socioeconomic status, and vaccine coverage. Consistently ranked one of the poorest nations in the world with a high burden of disease, it is vital to understand if the immunization program in Niger is functioning to its best ability to ensure resources are being adequately utilized. Vaccine availability determined the ratio of available vaccine to the demand of the population to be vaccinated. Socioeconomic status was determined by a multi-faceted measure that encompassed the state of poverty in Niger. Vaccine coverage represented the percentage of the vaccine-eligible population that actually was vaccinated. Results indicate that most regions have vaccine availability much higher than the vaccine coverage; therefore, the supply chain is not hindering access to the vaccines by not supplying adequate amounts of vaccines. For those that presented coverage higher than availability, evidence demonstrates that private health providers are most likely influencing the pattern and accessibility of immunization sessions. Regions did not experience lower vaccine availability based on socioeconomic status; in fact, although coverage rates were indeed lower in regions of lower socioeconomic status, these regions had the highest availability. This study demonstrates the public health significance of understanding an immunization program from all levels of supply and demand within a country in order to make the best use of the resources available.
Minimal Dynamic Equilibria

We define dynamic models as multiperiod models with no static representations and demonstrate that current prevalent asset pricing empirical implementations are inconsistent with dynamic equilibria. Specifically, empirical implementations are misspecified with respect to three essential asset pricing questions (TEQ): dependency on higher moments, complexity of risk premia, and mean-variance efficiency of the “market portfolio” (ability to proxy pricing kernels/SDFs). While we already know that “Merton” models, and their derivatives, differ from static models in all TEQ, we show that this is the case even the “minimal” dynamic equilibria.
Robust Vehicle Driver Assistance Control for Handover Scenarios Considering Driving Performances

Handover scenarios referred as the transitions between a human driver and an automated driving system are challenging because some human drivers are not adapted to the vehicle steering characteristics in a handover process and thus may exhibit deteriorative driving performances. This paper proposes a robust controller to assist human drivers in the handover scenarios. A driver–vehicle model including the driver steering input is developed to enhance the cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving controller. The driver parametric uncertainties are explicitly modeled to consider different human driving performances. Then a robust controller is designed to assist the driver considering his/her steering input and parametric uncertainties. The effectiveness of the designed controller is validated through several driver-in-the-loop tests on a driving simulator. The handover test results show that the driver steering loads and the vehicle lateral deviations can be reduced by the designed controller, thereby improving the driving safety in the handover processes.
On the Minimum Number of Samples for Sparse Recovery in Spherical Antenna Near-Field Measurements

A thorough picture is presented on the capability of compressed sensing to reduce the number of measurement samples that are required for a near-field to far-field transformation (NFFFT), based on the spherical vector wave expansion of the radiated field of an antenna under test. To this end, the minimum number of samples for a sparse recovery is determined such that a predefined far-field accuracy can be achieved. As no suitable sampling theorem exists, this is done by performing extensive numerical simulations, considering possible deviations from exact sparsity, the influence of measurement noise, the sampling scheme, and the probe correction. Particularly, the influences are determined not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. The resulting modified phase transition diagrams (PTDs) show that a reconstruction by the quadratically constraint basis pursuit strategy is sufficiently stable and robust for practical purposes. The simulation and measurement results of NFFFTs show that the predictions for the required number of samples hold true. Consequently, the presented approach using modified PTDs allows to reduce the number of measurement samples with predictable accuracy, when the sparsity level is known.
MULTI-NEGATIVE INDEX BAND METAMATERIAL-INSPIRED MICROFLUIDIC SENSORS

Simple, compact and high sensitivity metamaterial-inspired microfluid sensors are developed to detect and classify dielectric fluids in the X-band regime using reflection coefficients. Multinegative refractive index band metamaterial structure is specifically designed as a sensing enhancer, where the multi-negative bands can effectively trigger the electromagnetic properties, as well as enhance the differentiation between the testing samples. The geometry of the metamaterial enhancer and its arrangement with the microfluidic channel and radiating patch antenna are optimized to reach the highest sensitivity of the samples’ depiction. The proposed sensors were tested on ethanol traces, where sets of complex permittivity were varied. Distinguishable frequency responses generated from different samples at four resonances specify the capability of classifying the fluid concentration.
Relationship between the conditions of lower airways in healthy horses, environmental factors and air quality in stables.

In 6 healthy Haflinger horses stabled in individual boxes, different types of bedding (husk, straw and woodshavings) and hay (dry and soaked) were periodically changed. After each test period (45 days) bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out for each horse, and the BAL fluid (BALF) withdrawn was submitted for citological and microbiological evaluation. The environmental dust burden was evaluated by means of an air filtration system and an optical counter with laser diode. Dust particles were sorted in eight size classes ranging from 0.3 to >20 μm. Qualitative evaluation of dust components was achieved by means of a Surface air system sampler (Sas). Total dust, which ranged from 0.03 mg/m3 to 0.40 mg/m3, prooved highly related with mast cell differential count (r = 0.61; P = 0.03). Besides, BALF mastcells differential count decreased significantly when hay was soaked. BALF alveolar macrophages showed a negative relationship with particles ranging from 1 to 2 μm (r = –0.55; P = 0.05) and from 2 to 5 μm (r = –0.61; P = 0.03), considered as respirable fraction (RF). It was concluded that even in healthy horses the investigated factors may play an important role in lower airways condition.
Analisis de la proteina repa del plasmido pps10: interacciones y motivos implicados en autorregulacion e inicio de replicacion

La proteina iniciadora repa del plasmido pps10 es capaz de regular su propia sintesis a nivel transcripcional. Se ha caracterizado funcionalmente el promotor de repa. Dimeros de repa reconocen un operador simetrico que solapa con el citado promotor. Interacciones secuenciales proteina-dna y proteina-proteina intervienen en la organizacion del complejo represor y estas ultimas son relevantes para una eficaz represion. Monomeros de repa reconocen secuencialmente los cuatro iterones presentes en el origen de replicacion. Un motivo de cremallera de leucinas (lz) situado en el extremo amino de repa interviene en dimerizacion y es relevante en replicacion y en regulacion, aunque interacciones diferenciales estan implicadas en ambos contextos. Asimismo, el motivo lz esta implicado en la determinacion del numero de copias y del rango de huesped del plasmido. Un motivo hth situado en el extremo carboxilo de repa interviene en el reconocimiento del origen de replicacion y del operador. Un mutante de amplio espectro de huesped no esta asociado con un mejor reconocimiento del origen ni con deficiencias en regulacion o dimerizacion, con lo que debe estar asociado a una optimizacion de las interacciones proteina-proteina que intervienen en la organizacion del complejo de iniciacion de replicacion.
Fast Polarization Reversal in Polycrystalline Ferroelectric Thin Films: The Origin of Size Effects

Abstract The origin of size effects in polycrystalline ferroelectric films of Pb(Zr1-xTix)O3 having the frequency dependence of coercive field in the form ln(ν/ν0)∼1/Ec2 is investigated. A model of a surface source emitting thin ferroelectric domains with reversed polarization is employed to explain this unusual frequency dependence of polarization switching in polycrystalline films in a wide range of frequencies. The model also predicts that the activation energy for domain nucleation increases with the source size, indicating an increase in the coercive field as minimum size sources deteriorate. The proposed mechanism for the domain nucleation in polycrystalline PZT films can explain the electrode size dependence of the limiting frequency. This dependence is related with increasing role of the athermal domain growth in strongly inhomogeneous electric field near electrode edges.
Influence of the variation in the Hubbard parameter (U) on activation energies of CeO2-catalysed reactions

Accurate description of thermodynamic, structural, and electronic properties for bulk and surfaces of ceria (CeO2) necessitates the inclusion of the Hubbard parameter (U) in the density functional theory (DFT) calculations to precisely account for the strongly correlated 4f electrons. Such treatment is a daunting task when attempting to draw a potential energy surface for CeO2-catalyzed reaction. This is due to the inconsistent change in thermo-kinetics parameters of the reaction in reference to the variation in the U values. As an illustrative example, we investigate herein the discrepancy in activation and reaction energies for steps underlying the partial and full hydrogenation of acetylene over the CeO2(111) surface. Overall, we find that both activation and reaction energies positively correlate with the increase in the U value. In addition to benchmarking against more accurate theoretical methodologies, we suggest that U values are better optimized against kinetics modelling of experimentally observed profiles of products from the catalytic-assisted system of reactions.
Analysing the distribution properties of Bitcoin returns

This study exploits several conditional heteroskedasticity models with various supported distributions in order to find the best distribution as well as the best GARCH-type model that may be used to model volatility of Bitcoin returns. Innovatively, the study is able to establish that pre-testing the residuals of Bitcoin returns for the best distribution can help to identify the appropriate distribution when modelling with GARCH-type models regardless of the data frequency.
Adaptive backstepping‐based control design for uncertain nonlinear active suspension system with input delay

This paper addresses the control problem of adaptive backstepping control for a class of nonlinear active suspension systems considering the model uncertainties and actuator input delays and presents a novel adaptive backstepping‐based controller design method. Based on the established nonlinear active suspension model, a projector operator–based adaptive control law is first developed to estimate the uncertain sprung‐mass online, and then the desirable controller design and stability analysis are conducted by combining backstepping technique and Lyapunov stability theory, which can not only deal with the actuator input delay but also achieve better dynamics performances and safety constraints requirements of the closed‐loop control system. Furthermore, the relationship between the input delay and the state variables of this vehicle suspension system is derived to present a simple and effective method of calculating the critical input delay. Finally, a numerical simulation investigation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Multi-Scale and Multi-Task Deep Learning Framework for Automatic Road Extraction

Road detection and centerline extraction from very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing imagery are of great significance in various practical applications. Road detection and centerline extraction operations depend on each other, to a certain extent. The road detection constrains the appearance of the centerline, and the centerline enhances the linear features of the road detection. However, most of the previous works have addressed these two tasks separately and have not considered the symbiotic relationship between them, making it difficult to obtain smooth and complete roads. In this paper, a novel multi-scale and multi-task deep learning framework for automatic road extraction (MSMT-RE) is proposed to build the relationship between them and simultaneously complete the road detection and centerline extraction tasks. U-Net is selected as the basic network for multi-task learning due to its strong ability to preserve spatial details. Multi-scale feature integration is also applied in the framework to increase the robustness of the feature extraction. Meanwhile, an adaptive loss function is introduced to solve the problems of roads taking up a small percentage of the training samples, and the fact that the positive samples of the two tasks are unbalanced. Finally, experiments were conducted on two public road data sets and two large images from Google Earth, and the proposed framework was compared with other state-of-the-art deep learning-based road extraction methods, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The proposed approach outperformed all the compared methods, confirming its advantages in automatic road extraction.
Event-Triggered Robust Output Regulation of Uncertain Linear Systems With Unknown Exosystems

This article studies the robust output regulation problem (RORP) for a class of uncertain linear systems with unknown exosystems via event-triggered control (ETC). Compared with existing related works, the system matrix of the exosystem under consideration is allowed to contain unknown parameters. Based on an adaptive internal model, an ETC strategy composed of an event-triggered adaptive output feedback control law and an output-based event-triggering mechanism is proposed such that the RORP is solved. It is shown that under the proposed ETC strategy, the tracking error converges to zero asymptotically in spite of the unknown exosystem, and meanwhile the occurrence of Zeno behavior is prevented. Finally, two examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Comparison of Surface Tension Models for the Volume of Fluid Method

With the increasing use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to investigate multiphase flow scenarios, modelling surface tension effects has been a topic of active research. A well known associated problem is the generation of spurious velocities (or currents), arising due to inaccuracies in calculations of the surface tension force. These spurious currents cause nonphysical flows which can adversely affect the predictive capability of these simulations. In this paper, we implement the Continuum Surface Force (CSF), Smoothed CSF and Sharp Surface Force (SSF) models in OpenFOAM. The models were validated for various multiphase flow scenarios for Capillary numbers of 10 − 3 –10. All the surface tension models provide reasonable agreement with benchmarking data for rising bubble simulations. Both CSF and SSF models successfully predicted the capillary rise between two parallel plates, but Smoothed CSF could not provide reliable results. The evolution of spurious current were studied for millimetre-sized stationary bubbles. The results shows that SSF and CSF models generate the least and most spurious currents, respectively. We also show that maximum time step, mesh resolution and the under-relaxation factor used in the simulations affect the magnitude of spurious currents.
Observer‐based actuator fault estimation and proportional derivative fault tolerant control for continuous‐time singular systems

This paper focuses on designing fault estimation (FE) and fault tolerant control (FTC) schemes for continuous‐time singular systems affected by actuator fault. A novel observer called the extended proportional integral observer (PIO) is designed so that the estimations of system state and actuator fault can be obtained simultaneously. In contrast with the traditional PIO, better estimation performance can be obtained by using the designed observer. Furthermore, with the obtained FE information, a novel proportional derivative–type FTC scheme is given by means of the separation property and the free‐weighting matrix technique, which ensures that the closed‐loop system is normal and stable. All the feasible conditions are formulated in linear matrix inequality (LMI) frameworks. Finally, two examples are simulated to prove the superiority and practicability of the presented scheme.
The Creative Problem Finding Hierarchy: A Suggested Model for Understanding Problem Finding

Abstract This paper proposes a model, which hopefully will allow researchers in the psychology of creativity to confirm that the different levels and different labels for problem finding can be unified under one construct - problem finding (PF). Although no clear distinctions are made among the levels and terms used in the PF literature, the current efforts suggest that there are important differences that can be explained by (a) how well- or ill-defined a problem is, and (b) the degree to which ideation and evaluation are required. Based on these two criteria, a rubric is presented that allows distinctions to be made among five the PF processes: (a) problem discovery, (b) problem formulation, (c) problem construction, (d) problem identification, and (e) problem definition. The authors examined the literature on PF in English from 1960 to 2015 using the following databases: (a) Academic Search Premier, (b) PsycARTICLES, (c) PsycINFO, (d) Dissertation Abstract, (e) Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), (f) Psychology & Behavioral Science Collection, and (g) the Google Scholar. This search resulted in 199 articles in which at least 13 different terms were used to describe the process of finding a problem. Only a few articles endeavored to distinguish among the terms used in the literature. This paper concludes by suggesting that one term (i.e., problem finding) is to be used to avoid confusion. If this is not possible, for whatever reason, the term used instead should be defined and the reasons for the choice of terms clearly stated.
Genetic Algorithm Based Pre-Processing Strategy for High Dimensional Micro-Array Gene Classification

Discretization is one of the popular pre-processing techniques that helps a learner overcome the difficulty in handling the wide range of continuous-valued attributes. The objective of this chapter is to explore the possibilities of performance improvement in large dimensional biomedical data with the alliance of machine learning and evolutionary algorithms to design effective healthcare systems. To accomplish the goal, the model targets the preprocessing phase and developed framework based on a Fisher Markov feature selection and evolutionary based binary discretization (EBD) for a microarray gene expression classification. Several experiments were conducted on publicly available microarray gene expression datasets, including colon tumors, and lung and prostate cancer. The performance is evaluated for accuracy and standard deviations, and is also compared with the other state-of-the-art techniques. The experimental results show that the EBD algorithm performs better when compared to other contemporary discretization techniques.
Precise Calculation Method of Vector Dwell Times for Single-Stage Isolated Three-Phase Buck-Type Rectifier to Reduce Grid Current Distortions

Since the dc side current of the single-stage isolated three-phase buck-type rectifier (1S-ITBR) is discontinuous, the conventional current space vector pulsewidth modulation presents a poor grid current characteristics. In this article, the expressions of the instantaneous grid current of 1S-ITBR and the amplitudes of various-order grid current harmonics are originally derived. These results reveal the essential reason for causing t low-order current harmonics. Then, the improved calculation method of dwell times of the effective current space vectors with the goal of eliminating the grid current distortion is proposed to improve the grid current quality. The correctness of the harmonics analysis and the feasibility and validity of the proposed improved method are experimentally verified.