Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conductive Filament Localization Within Crossbar Resistive Memories by Scanning Joule Expansion Microscopy

Control of filament growth within conductive bridge random access memories (CBRAM) is of crucial interest in order to ensure the reliability of such emerging devices. Here, we demonstrate that Scanning Joule Expansion Microscopy (SJEM) can be used to detect and precisely localize conductive filaments within operating crossbar CBRAM devices. Flexible memory devices based on Pd/Al2O3/Ag stacks are first elaborated at low temperature on polyimide substrate. These devices show set and reset operations at low voltage (<2V) with ON/OFF ratios superior to 104. Under operation in the low resistance state, the SJEM amplitude images reveal a hot spot underlying the presence of a single conductive filament. An effective thermal diffusion length of $4.3~\mu \text{m}$ is extracted at 50kHz and it is also demonstrated that the thermal expansion signal is proportional to the dissipated Joule power. We believe that the proposed procedure opens the way to reliability studies that can be applied to any family of memory device based on filamentary conduction.
Deep James-Stein Neural Networks For Brain-Computer Interfaces

Nonparametric regression has proven to be successful in extracting features from limited data in neurological applications. However, due to data scarcity, most brain-computer interfaces still rely on linear classifiers. This work leverages the robustness of the James-Stein theorem in nonparametric regression to harness the potentials of deep learning and foster its successful application in neural engineering with small data sets. We propose a novel method that combines James-Stein regression for feature extraction, and deep neural network for decoding; we refer to the architecture as deep James-Stein neural network (DJSNN). We apply the DJSNN to decode eye movement goals in a memory-guided visual saccades to one of eight target locations. The results demonstrate that the DJSNN outperforms existing methods by a substantial margin, especially at deep cortical sites.
Capillary imbibition of confined water in nanopores

The spontaneous capillary imbibition of confined nanopores is investigated using an analytical model that includes the slip effect, wettability and effective viscosity at the water surface interface. The results show that the effective viscosity of confined water is larger than that of bulk water and decreases with diameter and wettability. The effective slip length is negative for a contact angle of 0◦, and the effective slip length is positive and increases with diameter. The results of the presented model show that the capillary imbibition length for nanoconfined water can vary up to 0.389-1.033 times that determined by the Lucas-Washburn equation with no-slip boundary conditions for nanopores due to the effective viscosity and slippage with various dimensions and contact angles. The enhancement increases with diameter and contact angle. These results elucidate the confined movement through nanopores, which can be used to understand fracturing-fluid flow in the nanopores of shale reservoir formations. Cited as : Zeng, F. , Zhang, Q. , Guo, J., Meng, Y. , Shao, X. , Zheng, Y. Capillary imbibition of confined water in nanopores. Capillarity, 2020, 3(1): 8-15, doi: 10.26804/capi.2020. 01.02.
Dynamic Resource Optimization and Altitude Selection in Uav-Based Multi-Access Edge Computing

The aim of this work is to develop a dynamic optimization strategy to allocate communication and computation resources in a Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) scenario, where Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) act as flying base station platforms endowed with computation capabilities to provide edge cloud services on demand. Hinging on stochastic optimization tools, we propose a dynamic algorithmic framework that minimizes the overall energy spent by the system, while imposing latency constraints, and optimizing the altitude of the UAV in an online fashion. The method does not require a priori knowledge of channels and/or task arrival statistics. Numerical results illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach.
Efeitos da Sinvastatina na resposta inflamatória cardíaca durante a doença de chagas experimental.

Trypanosoma cruzi infection leads to a progressive inflammation that culminates in myocarditis, fibrosis and changes in the cardiac architecture and functionality. These alterations, named cardiac remodeling, are possible droved by an inflammatory response mediated by cytokines and leukocytes activation. Here, we seek to evaluate the effects of simvastatin, the inhibitor of HMGCo-A redutase, in the inflammatory response rate during experimental Chagas' disease. C57Bl6 mice were grouped into (i) non-infected and (ii) infected with 500 trypomastigotes of Colombian strain of T. cruzi. Each group (n = 8) was treated daily with simvastatin (20mg/kg) by gavage for 30 days or received vehicle. Morphometric (heart weight and histopathology) and immunological (inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines) parameters were evaluated in the acute phase (30 days) of experimental Chagas disease. Our results suggest that simvastatin exerts anti-inflammatory effects during the acute phase of experimental Chagas disease, controlling negatively the plasma levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and stabilizing the IL-10 profile. This pattern was coincident with the low detection of blood parasites in all treated mice. In addition, simvastatin was also associated with reduced heart inflammatory infiltration observed on 30 th day post-infection. In summary, our data suggest that low doses of simvastatin are able to reduce inflammatory response developed by T. cruzi infection and, possibly, this protective heart pattern might be also extensive to the chronic phase of experimental Chagas disease.
Monetary targeting transitions in emerging economies: domestic and global implications

The choice of optimal monetary policy regime is a perennial issue in advanced, and emerging and developing economies. For decades, advocates of discretionary or “just do it” monetary policy have debated supporters of regimes that constrain policy-makers. Such regimes range from exchange rate targeting to the inflation targeting (IT). Based on the empirical and modelling approaches, this thesis offers three related studies (Chapters 2 to 4) that are associated with different monetary policy regimes and their macroeconomic performance. The investigated regimes separately target the exchange rate, a monetary aggregate, nominal GDP, a Taylor composite of output gap and inflation, and the CPI inflation rate (inflation targeting or IT). First, the focus is on the empirical approach to measuring the performance of the IT regime, which is recently more popular monetary policy strategy among the advanced and emerging economies (EEs). Finally, we test the fallacy of composition hypothesis that a rise in the share of the world’s GDP that is under IT is associated with increased volatility of some core global macro variables. The study investigates the EEs central banks’ operating behaviour allowing current and backward-looking specifications included Taylor-type monetary policy reaction function and addresses the empirical question of whether economies that do not systematically target inflation experience higher macro volatility as compared with inflation targeters. The study applied fixed effects and the system-generalised method of moments (S-GMM) approaches to examine the monetary policy reaction functions and macro volatility for 40 EEs over the period Q1:1996 to Q4:2017. Initially, reaction function estimation indicates that inflation is more useful for setting policy interest rate in IT economies, but the opposite route for the non-IT economies dominating the exchange rate. Meanwhile, volatility measurement analysis indicates that IT economies experience low macroeconomic volatility compared with non-IT economies, but there are some cost through output and exchange rate. Finally, the fallacy of composition analysis indicates that the rise in the share of the world’s GDP that is under IT is associated with increased some global macro volatility, especially, in output and financial sector. Second, study purpose is to identify the macroeconomic performance of above five alternative
Common-Mode Voltage Cancellation for Reducing the Common-Mode Noise in DC–DC Converters

Common-mode (CM) noise cancellation method is an attractive approach to reduce the original CM noise in power converters, which helps to shrink the size of electromagnetic interference filter. Traditional CM noise cancellation method cancels the CM noise current by adding a branch consisted of a compensation voltage source and a compensation capacitor, which generates a cancellation current and nullifies the noise current. As the duality, the voltage cancellation method is also feasible for reducing the CM noise, which has not been investigated in dc–dc converters. In this article, a common-mode voltage cancellation (CMVC) method is proposed, which cancels the CM voltage of the converter by inserting compensation voltage source into the input power cord. The requirement for achieving CMVC is that the cancellation voltage and the parasitic capacitances in the circuit are matched. The applications of CMVC method in basic nonisolated and isolated dc–dc converters are presented, and the considerations for practical applications of this method are discussed. Finally, a buck converter and a half-bridge LLC resonant converter prototype are built, and the proposed method is verified by experiment, respectively.
Foundations of Cellular Neurophysiology

Ion movement in excitable cells electrical properties of the excitable membrane functional properties of dendrites nonlinear properties of excitable membranes Hodgkin and Huxley's analysis of the squid giant axon functional diversity of voltage-gated ionic conductances molecular structure and unitary currents of ion channels stochastic analysis of single-channel function formulation of stochastic channel mechanisms synaptic transmission I - presynaptic mechanisms synaptic transmission II - Ca2+ and transmitter release synaptic transmission III - postsynaptic mechanisms extracellular field recordings cellular neurophysiology of learning and memory. Appendices: basic electricity and electrical circuits optical methods in cellular neurophysiology short answers to homework problems complete solutions to problems.
Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: An Analysis Of India’s Post Liberalization Experience

This study empirically examines the relationship among GDP, import and export by investigating the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis in India. A quarterly data that spanned from 1996.Q2 to 2019Q2 has been employed for the analysis of the study. The stochastic properties of the series checked through Philips and Perron (1988), finds all the three series to be stationary at first difference, and this has further been examined through Perron (1997), which confirms the presence of a unit-root with structural breaks in the crash, growth, and crash-growth models at different dates. A Johansen test of co-integration reveals the presence of two co-integrating relations, and the short-run dynamics coefficient reveals that 50 percent of the disequilibrium in the system is being corrected every quarter. The study further finds the evidence of a long-run causality between export and GDP, although not in the short run. Thus, the study wrapped up by lending support for the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis to the Indian economy.
MARG Attitude Estimation Using Gradient-Descent Linear Kalman Filter

The magnetic, angular rate, and gravity (MARG) sensor array has been widely used for attitude estimation tasks. In this article, we report our new advances on related fusion algorithm based on the gradient-descent algorithm (GDA). Combining with complementary filters, GDA has been very popular for attitude estimation in industrial applications. The integration of the Kalman filter introduces covariance information and significantly improves in-run quality control. Some useful results are derived to build up the framework of a novel linear Kalman filter called GDA-LKF. A new simplified linear measurement quaternion model is proposed. This article also deals with the analytical adaptive problem of determining gradient-descent step length. We, for the first time, give the solution in the sense of least square based on aided vector measurements. Simulations are carried out to validate the noise sensitivity and covariance characteristics. The proposed schemes are also evaluated by real-world experiments that provide the audience with comparisons on accuracy, convergence, and execution time consumption performances between the proposed GDA-LKFs and recent representative methods. The results show that the proposed GDA-LKF can accurately estimate attitude with fast convergence and high accuracy. Note to Practitioners—Attitude estimation using magnetic, angular rate, and gravity (MARG) sensors is very common for ground, air, and underwater vehicles. The novel findings in this article aim to give the engineers a brand new perspective on the related filter design according to the widely employed gradient-descent algorithm (GDA) method. Some specific techniques, e.g., optimal adaptive law of the designed scheme, will also bring flexibility to the implementation with multiple considerations of object motions.
First Grade Teachers’ Expectations of Children’s Skills in Transition to Primary School

This study investigated first grade primary school teachers’ expectations of children’s skills entering primary school in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. The aim of the study was to provide some reasons or beliefs that form teachers’ expectations regarding children’s competency and learning in their first year of primary school. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach which involved 30 first grade primary school teachers across Jakarta’s regions (Centre, East, West, South, and North). The Focus Group Discussion was used as an instrument that provides a forum for teachers to describe their expectations. The study employed the Ritchie and Spencer’s qualitative analysis framework analysis approach (1994) which involved five key stages: familiarization, identifying a thematic framework, indexing, charting and mapping, and interpretation. The results showed that expected academic skills, teachers’ competency, and educational policy were the key variables that informed teachers’ expectations. The findings of this study have demonstrated that it is crucial to support teachers professional development as their knowledge and expectation may greatly affect the way teachers treat their students.
Recent advances in plant electroporation.

The topic is reviewed under the headings (1) induced membrane events; (2) parameters for electroporation and DNA uptake; (3) types of electroporation pulses; and (4) pore parameters, DNA uptake and integration. Information is tabulated on reports in the literature of transient and stable expression of genes introduced into higher plant cells by electroporation.
Plant-aphid interaction: local and systemic effects on plant physiology and gene expression

Aphids are economically important pests of glasshouse and temperate crops. By investigating the effects of aphid feeding on plant performance and by understanding the host-pest relationship, novel defence strategies can be devised. The effect of \(Rhopalosiphum\) \(padi\) (the bird cherry-oat aphid) feeding on young \(Hordeum\) \(vulgare\) (barley) plants was investigated. Particular emphasis was placed on changes within the sieve element (SE) because aphids are phloem-feeding insects. Aphid infestation significantly reduced host plant growth rate. High performance liquid chromatography showed a local elevation of leaf calcium levels in infested leaves. Calcium, sulphate and magnesium levels were all elevated systemically by aphid feeding, whilst nitrate levels decreased. Aphid feeding increased the duration of phloem sap exudation from severed stylets but did not alter exudation rate. Electrical penetration graph studies demonstrated that the duration of SE sap ingestion was reduced, and the time aphid stylets spent in pathway through the leaf increased, on pre-infested plants. The time taken for aphids to locate the SE did not increase, however, suggesting that the inhibitory effect was phloem-localised. In an attempt to elucidate the transcriptomic response to aphid attack, microarrays were performed on infested and uninfested barley plants. Gene expression changes in the first and second leaves were compared to determine the local and systemic effects, respectively. The differentially expressed genes have putative roles in defence, hormone signalling, cell wall remodelling, metabolism, transport and regulation of transcription and translation. The general response was a local suppression and systemic induction of plant defences.
The Effects Of Mobile Marketing, Discount, And Lifestyle On Consumers’ Impulse Buying Behavior In Online Marketplace

This study aims to determine the effect of Mobile marketing, Discount, and Lifestyle on Impulse buying Behavior of Marketplace Consumer in students case study of Halu Oleo University. The method used is quantitative research methodology with an explanatory survey method. The population of this study are active internet users of students at Halu Oleo University who have made purchases in the marketplace in the last 10 months from January to October 2019. The sampling technique uses non probability sampling (convenience sampling) techniques, with the number of 100 respondents. The results showed that Mobile marketing and Discount have no significant effect on impulse buying on marketplace consumers. While Lifestyle has a significant positive effect on impulse buying behavior in marketplace consumers by 35.1%. The simultaneous effect of Mobile marketing, Discount, and Lifestyle on impulse buying in the marketplace is 20.9%. While the remaining 79.1% is influenced by other factors not examined in this
Superkapasitor Sebagai Penyimpan Energi Menggunakan Bahan Graphene

Abstrak — Graphene adalah material baru yang ditemukan tahun 2004 secara sederhana oleh Andre Geim dan Konstantin Novoselov dengan menggunakan selotip yang direkatkan dengan karbon sehingga didapat lapisan dengan orde nanometer dari karbon tersebut. Graphene memiliki keunggulan mobilitas muatan yang tinggi dan memiliki konduktivitas listrik dan panas lebih baik dari material yang lain. Terutama dalam pembuatan super kapasitor yang dapat menyimpan muatan listrik. Penelitian ini Bertujuan untuk merancang superkapasitor dengan bahan dari graphene, activated carbon, polyurethane dan phosporic acid (H3PO4) dan menganalisi muatan listrik dan tegangan yang tersimpan selama pengecasan berlangsung, pada percobaan pertama pengecasan selama 1 menit dengan tegangan yang tersimpan 1,8volt dan tegangan akan habis selama 50:20,2 menit, maka voltase yang turun setiap detiknya pada percobaan ke dua pengecasan selama 2 menit dengan tegangan yang tersimpan 1,8volt dan tegangan akan habis selama 58:28,8 menit, maka voltase yang turun setiap detiknya , pada percobaan ketiga pengecasan selama 60:24 menit dengan tegangan yang tersimpan 2volt dan tegangan akan habis selama 180:18,4 menit, maka voltase yang turun setiap detiknya . penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa superkapasitor memiliki muatan tegangan yang kecil tetapi memiliki daya simpan yang lama. Kata kunci : Graphene, activated carbon, polyurethane, phosporic acid (H3PO4), super kapasitor, lama tegangan habis. Abstract — Graphene is a new material that was discovered in 2004 simply by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov using tape that is glued to carbon to obtain a layer of nanometer order from the carbon. Graphene has the advantage of high charge mobility and has better electrical and thermal conductivity than other materials. Especially in the manufacture of super capacitors that can store electrical charges. This study aims to design a supercapacitor with materials of graphene, activated carbon, polyurethane and phosporic acid (H3PO4) and analyzing the electrical charge and the voltage stored during the fitting, in the first experiment of 1 minute retention with 1.8volt stored voltage and voltage discharged for 50: 20.2 minutes, then the voltage drops every second 0.0006 v/s in the experiment to two chargers for 2 minutes with 1.8 volts voltage and the voltage will be exhausted for 58: 28.8 minutes, then the voltage drops every second 0.0005 v/s, in the third experiment the 60:24 minute charger with 2volt stored voltage and the voltage will run out for 180: 18.4 minutes, then the voltage drops every second 0.000185 v/s. the research can be concluded that the supercapacitor has a small voltage charge but has a long shelf life Keywords : Graphene, activated carbon, polyurethane, phosporic acid (H3PO4), supercapasitor, long voltage runs out
Incidence of livestock diseases in nomal and Naltar valleys Gilgit, Pakistan.

A research project was undertaken to study the incidence of livestock diseases in Nomal and Naltar valleys, Gilgit. The data on cattle, goat, sheep and donkey were collected from the Animal Husbandry Department from 2003 to 2007. In total 19259 animals were found affected with various diseases. The disorders reported in the area were digestive diseases, infect- ions, mastitis, reproductive diseases, endoparasites, ectoparasites, wounds, hematuria, respiratory diseases, emaciation, hemorrhagic septic-emia, tumour, blue tongue, cow pox, enterotoxaemia, tetanus, paralysis and arthritis. In precise, endoparasites were found in 25.3% animals followed by respiratory diseases (24.74%). Most of the cattle (2053) and sheep (926) were found affected with endoparasites, whereas most of the goats (3960) were suffering from respiratory disorders. The seasonal data indicated that the incidence of diseases prevailed was high (33.94%) in winter while it was as low as 14.18% in summer.
Regulation of Gene Expression Related to Allelopathic Potential

An improvement on allelopathic potential in crop varieties will have a great impact on weed management systems. Biotechnology is revolutionizing pesticide industry in countries that have accepted transgenic crops. A transgenic herbicide resistant crops mostly using glyphosate have not led to significant reduction in the amount of herbicide used. Glyphosate is a very safe herbicide but it is not low use-rate herbicide. An improvement on crop allelopathy by transgenic technology can be an alternative to reduce herbicide use-rate. For this purpose, the target chemical and gene should above all be identified. The promising allelochemicals reported thus far are sorgoleone, artemisinin, momilactone B produced from terpenoid pathway and some phenolics from phenylpropanoid pathway. Sorgoleone produced from sorghum is the most effective and promising model compound due to (1) no autotoxicity, (2) produced and secreted only by root, (3) a compound with more than one molecular target sites, (4) proper physicochemical properties to move a little bit in soil but not leach rapidly etc. An insertion of a specific promoter to the target gene can help regulate gene expression. This has been implemented in CA4H gene in rice inserted with a CASC (Capsicum annum sesqiterpene cyclase) promoter, enhancing 3～5 times higher activity of the CA4H