Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ancillary services provision capabilities from distributed energy supply

In April 2012, a consortium of 12 partners started the REserviceS project aiming at establishing reference guidance for the development of European network codes and electricity market design with large share of variable renewables. One step in achieving this goal is to investigate the capabilities and availability of ancillary services provision from distributed generation (DG) under different scenarios, to assess these capabilities under different grid conditions and to also perform the related economic assessment. The methodology used for these investigations is presented in this paper.
NOVEL NANOCARRIERS FOR ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL FORMULATIONS

A numerous novel drug delivery system has been emerged by combining herbal medicine with nanotechnology to administer drugs encompassing the enhancement of compatibility and efficacy. The herbal phytoconstituents are compatible compared to the chemical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). But the therapeutic consequence of the phytoconstituent is limited due to poor aqueous solubility. Therefore, the demand to develop a system which improves the solubility of the phytomedicine is mounting rapidly. Nanotechnology plays a vital role in increasing the solubility, enhancing the bioavailability and improving the drug specificity of bioactive constituents. Nanosystems such as liposomes, nanoparticles, phytosomes, ethosomes, nanoemulsions and solid lipid nanoparticles are used to deliver the bioactive constituent at an adequate dose to the site of action and during the entire treatment period. The current review discusses the various novel drug delivery systems which have been developed to attain better therapeutic response of the herbal drug.
CHARACTERISATION OF CASSAVA FIBRE FOR USE AS A BIOMATERIAL

In this study we investigate the cytotoxicity of de-starched cassava fibre granules and fine powder using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and examine changes in the composition of Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) resulting from immersion of cassava fibre samples. The purpose of the study was to characterise cassava fibre for possible biomaterial applications. Preliminary results indicate insignificant cytotoxic effects on PBMCs with cassava sample concentrations of 0.1g/ml, 0.025g/ml and 0.00625g/ml. Additionally there was little or no significant change in Na, K, Mg, Cl, Ca, Mn, and Cu concentrations upon immersion in SBF as observed over a one week period at a temperature of 37°C. These initial results suggest cassava fibre may be considered for biomaterial applications following more extensive characterisation.
Genetics and Morphological Evolution in Plants

The genetic basis of differences in morphology within and between flowering plant species is reviewed in order to elucidate how many genetic changes are responsible for the evolution of new characters. Two broad morphological categories are evident. Differences in structure, shape, orientation, and presence versus absence are frequently discrete and appear to be governed by one or two genes. Differences in dimensions, weight, and number usually exhibit continuous variation and are influenced by numerous genes, though many of them probably act only indirectly via general effects at the whole organ or whole plant levels. Although it is difficult to specify the relative contributions of the two morphological categories during evolutionary divergence, it is clear that discrete character differences are more common in plants than in animals. I propose that their prevalence in plants is a direct consequence of the open, less integrative, and plastic patterns of plant morphogenesis which permit large changes in morphology on the basis of relatively few genetic changes. Morphological divergence among genera or families of flowering plants may reflect many fewer genetic changes than is the case for similar taxonomic levels of higher animals. Accurate estimates of the number of genes responsible for character divergence require knowledge of the ontogenetic and anatomical details of character development and these must be coordinated with genetic analyses. Until this knowledge becomes available, general conclusions about the number of genetic changes responsible for morphological diversity are premature.
Evolution towards excellence: use of business excellence programs by Canadian organizations

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the broad issues related to business excellence and the application of such programs.Design/methodology/approach – In brief, this study investigated the use of business excellence programs including the use of the ISO 9000:2000 series of standards, by Canadian organizations. The results of a national survey on the use of business excellence programs are reported.Findings – The use of business excellence programs by Canadian organizations appears to be related to the size and location of the organization. Organization size and location also appear to be related to the sequence in which businesses choose to implement various components of business excellence as well as the difficulty they experience with that implementation. There may be differences in the use of business excellence programs between organizations within different industry sectors, and those with different organizational structures. Finally, the use of business excellence programs was found n.
The Dynamics of Quote Adjustments

Liquidity providers on the NYSE make faster quote adjustments towards equilibrium spreads and depths than they do on NASDAQ. Liquidity providers in both markets make faster spread and depth adjustments for stocks with more frequent trading, greater return volatility, higher prices, smaller market capitalizations, and smaller trade sizes. We find that stocks with greater information-based trading and in more competitive trading environments exhibit faster quote adjustments. The speed of quote adjustment is faster after decimalization in both markets. These results are robust and not driven by differences in stock attributes between the two markets or time periods. Overall, our results indicate that stock attributes, market structure, and tick size exert a significant impact on the speed of quote adjustment.
Development of Spruce-Fir Stands Following Spruce Beetle Outbreaks

Logged and unlogged stands of Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir were evaluated in spruce beetle outbreak areas infested about 15,25, SO, and 100 years ago. Seedling regeneration was generally adequate except in heavily logged areas, although seedlings were often damaged, apparently by animals. Species composition was dramatically altered in favor of fir in the unlogged spruce-fir type. In the overstory, fir may predominate for many years but eventually the spruce will replace it. When the forest reaches a basal area of 150 to 200+ ft2 per acre in predominantly large spruce, the potential for spruce beetle outbreaks increases. Changes in species composition with different intensities of beetle infestations and over several centuries are hypothesized.
Understanding consumer behavior in an organized retail sector: Indian apparel industry

Following the global trend, Indian retailing is viewing a paradigm shift from traditional structure to a modern organized retailing sector. In spite of tardy entry into the organized retailing, it is forecasted that India will lead the industry and will be on the second position shortly. There are many key drivers which have driven the dynamic Indian organized landscape, of which some prime drivers are increasing number of working women, increase in disposable income, cheap availability of credit, price differentiation, increase in similar quality of products, increase in use of media to position the product and increase the sales. To reap all the benefits from this exponentially growing market there is a need to study the behavior of consumers, but Indian literature briefs are deficient in this regard. Retail offerings feed the changing lifestyles, fashion and ever changing consumer behavior especially in the apparel industry. The present study is a modest attempt to identify the factors affecting consumer buying behavior that is influenced by the apparel segment of Indian retail sector and to gauge the importance of each of them to consumers in selecting apparel from organized retail outlets.
[89WashLRev0901] This Is Your Sword: How Damaging Are Prior Convictions to Plaintiffs in Civil Trials?

The conventional wisdom in law is that a prior conviction is one of the most powerful and damaging pieces of evidence that can be offered against a witness or party. In the legal lore, prior convictions seriously undercut the credibility of the witness and can derail the outcome of a trial. This paper suggests that may not always be true.This paper details the results of an empirical study of juror decision-making that challenges the conventional wisdom about prior convictions. In our study, the prior conviction evidence did not have a direct impact on the outcome of the civil trial or the credibility of the witness with the conviction. Moreover, we tested prior conviction evidence with a white witness and an African-American witness and saw no difference in results.The prior conviction evidence did, however, change the trial in a substantial, but indirect, way. Rather than the direct effect on outcome that we might have expected, the introduction of the prior conviction evidence changed the mental decision-making process of the jurors. Specifically, the evidence seemed to subconsciously lead the jurors to conclude that to decide liability, they had to believe one party over the other. The prior conviction evidence thus turned the trial into a zero sum credibility contest in which believing the plaintiff’s story meant disbelieving the defendant’s (and vice versa). This “zero sum” effect did not appear in the control version of the trial.In sum, the results of our experiment suggest that while prior convictions are highly noticeable and powerful pieces of evidence, they may not always be the bane that lawyers think they are. Nevertheless, the introduction of this evidence has the potential to change a civil trial by changing the juror decision-making process.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION TO STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF THE THICKNESS OF CANOPY AT A BIRD STRIKE

The paper has been intended to present some considerations on how to determine the relationship between thickness of an aircraft canopy and stress tension during a collision with a bird. The finite element method (FEM) is to be applied. Dynamic pressure is supposed to simulate a bird-impact load. Load distribution in the course of such a collision will be assessed using test data taken from the literature of the subject. Calculations were applied to the Su-22 canopy.
MESH REFINEMENT AND TIMESTEP SELECTION IN NUMERICAL FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATIONS OF SOLIDIFICATION

SUMMARY An application of adaptive mesh refinement and automatic timestep selection in finite element simulations of solidification is presented. Adaptive algorithms are based on quantitative information on the accuracy of the results given by estimators of the error of spatial and temporal discretisations. Substantial reduction of computation time possible thanks to adaptivity is reported.
Effect of Bypass Fat Supplementation on Milk Yields and Milk Composition of Sahiwal Dairy Cow

AND MILK COMPOSITION OF SAHIWAL DAIRY COW RASHMI LATA RAKESH , ROOPALI B , MANJU ROY , RASHMI KASHYAP 4 & SUSHOVAN ROY M. V. Sc Scholar, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veteri na y Science & A. H. , Anjora Durg, Chhattisgarh, India Research Scholar, Department of Veterinary Medicine , College of Veterinary Science & A. H. , Anjora Durg, Chhattisgarh, India Associate professor, Department of Veterinary Physi ology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & A. H. , Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India M. V. Sc Scholar, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veteri na y Science & A. H. , Anjora Durg, Chhattisgarh, India Professor & Head, Department of Veterinary Medicine , College of Veterinary Science & A. H. , Anjora Durg, Chhattisgarh, India ABSTRACT
Large Leaking Descemetocele Presenting As a Traumatic Corneal Laceration

A 47-year-old healthy Indonesian gentleman, presented with blurring of vision on the left eye associated with pain and redness after history of foreign body entering the eye. A general practitioner prescribed him some eye drops; however, his symptoms worsened. A corneal laceration wound measuring 0.5 x 3.5mm with a large stromal abscess measuring 9.0 x 5.0mm with flat anterior chamber was seen on the left eye. Emergency corneal T&S revealed a large descemetocele and cyanoacrylate corneal glue was applied on the area. C&S showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Patient was subsequently undergone penetrating keratoplasty as a definitive measure. This case highlights the rapid progression of pseudomonas keratitis, presented with a large descemetocele, which can be mistaken as an infected corneal laceration wound. Corneal cyanoacrylate glueing together with corneal suturing is a viable temporary method for large descemetoceles awaiting definitive surgery.
The Influence of Soil Type on Rain Forest Insect Herbivore Communities

Insect herbivores were collected from five species of dipterocarp tree seedling within a large‐scale reciprocal transplant experiment in Sabah, Malaysia, on alluvial and sandstone soils in both gap and understory plots. The aim was to determine whether the location and ecological specialization of seedlings influenced the herbivore communities found on and around them. Three major groups of folivores were collected: Coleoptera, Orthoptera, and larval Lepidoptera. Herbivory of all species was confirmed through laboratory trials. Herbivore abundance in the understory plots was extremely low relative to the gaps. Rank‐abundance curves were similar on both soil types, differing only within the Lepidoptera. Coleoptera and Orthoptera communities were numerically dominated by a small suite of species capable of feeding on all dipterocarp species tested, whereas lepidopteran communities had both greater species richness and diversity. When corrected for leaf area surveyed, the abundance of Coleoptera was similar on both soil types, while larval Lepidoptera were more abundant in sandstone plots and Orthoptera were more abundant in alluvial plots. Estimated species richness of all three taxa was greater in alluvial forest, but there were contrasting patterns in Simpson diversity and evenness between groups. Species richness of Lepidoptera was greatest on seedlings when grown in their native soil type, providing partial evidence for possible escape effects, although this was not matched by differences in folivore abundance. The link between herbivore communities and herbivory rates on rain forest tree seedlings is complex and is unlikely to be detected through simplistic measures of abundance, species richness, or diversity.
Windonomics: empirical essays on the economics of wind power in the Nordic electricity market

High levels of wind power penetration will tend to affect prices in a deregulated electricity market. Much of the analysis in the literature has focused on the effect that wind power has on average electricity prices. This paper attempts to investigate the effect that wind power production has on the variability of wholesale electricity prices in the spot market. I use a simple distributed lag model and five years worth of hourly and daily data from Denmark, which is one of the few places with a long history of
PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DRUG DISTRIBUTION DURING INFUSIONS INTO THE BRAIN USING AN AXISYMMETRIC MODEL WITH BACKFLOW

Abstract ─ Convection-enhanced delivery as a means to deliver therapeutic drugs directly to the brain has shown limited clinical efficacy, primarily attributed to the phenomena of backflow, in which the infused fluid flows preferentially along the shaft catheter rather than forward into the tissue. We have previously developed a finite element model of backflow that includes both material and geometric nonlinearities and the free boundary conditions associated with the displacement of the tissue away from the external surface of the catheter. However, that study was limited to predictions of the tissue deformation and resulting convective fluid velocity in the interstitial space. In this study, we use results from that model to solve for the distribution of the infused therapeutic agent. We demonstrate that a significant percentage of the infused drug is not transported into the region of tissue located forward from the catheter tip, but instead is transported into the region along the lateral sides of the catheter. For lower flow rates, this study suggests that the use of a catheter with a larger radius may be preferable since it will provide the higher amount of drug to be transported to the tissue in front of the catheter. In contrast, for higher flow rates consistent with clinical infusions, the radius of the infusion catheter had minimal effect on the distribution of the infused drug, with most being transported into the tissue around the shaft of the catheter. Resumen ─ Convection-enhanced delivery es una tecnica que permite transportar drogas directamente en el cerebro para el tratamiento de enfermedades del sistema nervioso central. Este metodo ha mostrado una eficacia limitada debido principalmente al fenomeno de reflujo (backflow), segun el cual, el fluido inyectado fluye preferiblemente a lo largo del cateter y no hacia el tejido delante de la punta. Previamente desarrollamos un modelo de elementos finitos para representar el reflujo, el cual incluye las no linealidades geometricas y del material y las condiciones de borde libre asociadas con el desplazamiento del tejido en la superficie externa del cateter. Sin embargo, ese modelo solo predice la deformacion del tejido y el campo de velocidades en el espacio intersticial. En este estudio, hemos utilizado los resultados provenientes del mencionado modelo bifasico para resolver la ecuacion de transporte de masa y predecir la distribucion de droga suministrada. Se pudo demostrar que un porcentaje significativo de droga no penetra en el tejido ubicado delante de la punta del cateter, sino que es transportado hacia el tejido ubicado alrededor del cateter. Para bajo caudales, este estudio sugiere que el uso de un cateter con un radio mayor permitiria transportar una mayor cantidad de droga hacia el tejido al frente de la punta. Por otro lado, para los mayores caudales usados en la practica clinica, el radio del cateter tiene un efecto marginal en la distribucion del farmaco, y la mayor cantidad de droga se transporta hacia el tejido ubicado alrededor del cateter
Phosphate movement from an agricultural watershed during two rainfall periods

The distribution of available phosphate between dissolved and adsorbed forms carried by stream water and sediments was measured at two sampling stations on a stream draining an agricultural watershed during high water flows. During an intense summer storm at the watershed the total available phosphate carried by the stream was 0.762 g per ha. In a less intense spring storm the loss was 0.028 g/ha. Changes in phosphate concentration during the storms were interpreted in terms of the adsorption isotherms of the sediments, which show that material derived from subsoils and stream banks has a large adsorption capacity. Concentrations of about 200 ppb (P) in water from fertile topsoil Were reduced to less than 15 ppb as it moved downstream. Detailed prediction of phosphate concentrations in moving streams depends on adequate knowIedge of the quantity, chemical characteristics, and origin of the sediment carried by the stream.
Beyond Formal Structure: A Mechanistic Perspective on Computation and Implementation

In this article, after presenting the basic idea of causal accounts of implementation and the problems they are supposed to solve, I sketch the model of computation preferred by Chalmers and argue that it is too limited to do full justice to computational theories in cognitive science. I also argue that it does not suffice to replace Chalmers’ favorite model with a better abstract model of computation; it is necessary to acknowledge the causal structure of physical computers that is not accommodated by the models used in computability theory. Additionally, an alternative mechanistic proposal is outlined.
Delta-Duplication of Time-Varying Graphs

We introduce a transformation of time-varying graphs, called Delta-Duplication, that reduces the temporal heterogeneity in the context of dynamic networks analysis. Instead of building a sequence of snapshots from a global time partitioning, we propose a individual-centred approach: we duplicate a vertex for every time periods where the vertex interacts at least every Delta. This short note describes the general theory of Delta-Duplication and provides some directions for applications to dynamic networks analysis. In particular, we introduce a generalization of the concept of k-cores to temporal graphs using this model.
Studies on the Pyrolysis of Composite Solid Propellants leading to Ignition

Studies on the pyrolysis leading to ignition of polystyrene-$NH_4ClO_4$, PVC-$NH_4ClO_4$, and polyphenol-formaldehyde-$NH_4ClO_4$ propellants reveals that the activation energy of ignition depends strongly upon the binder. Double-base propellants have an empirical relation between the ignition delay $(\tau)$ and the oxidizer concentration; when the same equation is applied to composite solid propellants, the plot of ln $\tau$ vs, ln C (C = concn, %) yields a straight line with a knee corresponding to 65-70% $NH_4ClO_4$, above which the dependence on $\tau$ becomes less sensitive.
NUCLEC ACID MOLECULES ENCODING POMP91A PROTEIN OF CHLAMYDIA

4,168,062. A 9/1979 4,722,848. A 2/1988 4,882.278 A 11/1989 4,920.209 A 4/1990 4.945,050 A 7/1990 4952,496 A 8/1990 5,015,580 A 5/1991 5,028,530 A 7/1991 5,057,546 A 10/1991 5,283,185 A 2/1994 5,364,773 A 11/1994 5,527,928 A 6/1996 McCarthy et al. Paoletti et al. . 424/89 Mekalanos . 435/172.3 Davis et al. . 435/235 Sanford et al. . 435/172.1 Studier et al. . 435/91 Christou et al. . 435/172.3 Lai et al. . 435/69.1 Sudan . 521/107 Epand et al. . 435/172.3 Paoletti et al. . 435/69.1 Nantz et al. . 554/105
Modeling and Simulation of Texture Evolution During the Thermomechanical Processing of Titanium Alloys (PREPRINT)

Abstract : The development of crystallographic texture, the preferred orientation of grains in a polycrystalline aggregate, during thermomechanical processing (TMP) can play an important role with regard to the secondary-forming response (e.g., deep drawing of sheet) and service performance (e.g., strength, elastic modulus, ductility, fracture toughness) of metallic materials. Crystallographic texture, or simply texture for succinctness, may arise as a result of large-strain deformation, dynamic/static recrystallization, grain growth, or phase transformation. A second form of anisotropy, mechanical texturing or mechanical fibering, refers to the alignment of microstructure, inclusions, etc., during deformation processes and may also affect mechanical properties such as ductility and fracture toughness. This latter form of texture is not discussed in the present article.