Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Logistics Infrastructure and the International Location of Fragmented Production

Casual evidence suggests that multinational companies increasingly look for places with adequate transport and logistics infrastructure to locate affiliates that participate in cross-border production sharing. Yet, there are no systematic empirical analyses examining how logistics infrastructure interacts with the location decisions made by multinationals. Most studies on the determinants of FDI address the issue of transportation-logistics by examining the impact of distance on the relevant outcome, but distance does not capture by itself the quality of the logistics systems in place. An additional challenge is that investments in logistics infrastructure and FDI flows could be potentially endogenous. We overcome these shortcomings in the literature by embedding indicators of infrastructure into an empirical framework that examines whether countries with adequate logistics systems attract more vertical FDI in industries that are more dependent on logistics services. We find that logistics infrastructure positively impacts vertical FDI in addition to the impact typically found on distance. A change from the first quartile to the third quartile of the distribution of logistics infrastructure is associated with an average increase in the number of vertically-integrated subsidiaries equivalent to 15 percent
Mindfulness training applied to addiction therapy: Insights into the neural mechanisms of positive behavioral change

: Dual-process models from neuroscience suggest that addiction is driven by dysregulated interactions between bottom-up neural processes underpinning reward learning and top-down neural functions subserving executive function. Over time, drug use causes atrophy in prefrontally mediated cognitive control networks and hijacks striatal circuits devoted to processing natural rewards in service of compulsive seeking of drug-related reward. In essence, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can be conceptualized as mental training programs for exercising, strengthening, and remediating these functional brain networks. This review describes how MBIs may remediate addiction by regulating frontostriatal circuits, thereby restoring an adaptive balance between these top-down and bottom-up processes. Empirical evidence is presented suggesting that MBIs facilitate cognitive control over drug-related automaticity, attentional bias, and drug cue reactivity, while enhancing responsiveness to natural rewards. Findings from the literature are incorporated into an integrative account of the neural mechanisms of mindfulness-based therapies for effecting positive behavior change in the context of addiction recovery. Implications of our theoretical framework are presented with respect to how these insights can inform the addiction therapy process.
Comment on ‘ Significance tests in climate science ’

Throughout most or all of the empirical sciences, significance testing is one of the most widely used statistical procedures. Unfortunately, it is also widely abused. In recent years, an increasing number of authors have expressed concern over such abuse; see, e.g., the book by Ziliak and McCloskey (2008) who focus mainly on economics, and Kruschke (2010) who focuses on cognitive sciences. In a recent paper, Ambaum (2010) adapted some of the discourse to a climate science setting. While it is important that the theory and practice of significance testing comes under critical scrutiny, it sometimes happens that the criticism is somewhat misdirected. Häggström (2010) exposes some examples of this in the case of Ziliak and McCloskey (2008). The purpose of the present note is to evaluate Ambaum (2010) in this respect.
Falsification of the Eulerian motions of lithospheric plates

This book consists of two parts and a supplement. The first part demonstrates that the plate tectonics application of Euler’s theorem is wrong and in fact the Earth is expanding. Furthermore, Euler’s theorem works only on a constant size sphere and thus all confirmations of the constant size of the Earth based on this theorem are circular arguments. This applies to both plate tectonics calculations based on spreading rates, and geodynamic conclusions derived from space geodesy measurements and calculations. In the second part of the book the circularity of the plate tectonics paradigm is presented with respect to a much larger range of cases. The basis of the circularity is plate tectonics’ fundamental - and unproved - assumption that the Earth is not expanding. In fact the Earth is expanding on a significant scale. The present annual increment in the Earth radius, calculated by different methods, is in the range of 2.0 - 2.5 cm. The supplement shows that the major semi axis of the world geodetic ellipsoid expanded at the similar rate as above in the period 1992-2003. Unfortunately, measurements and calculations of the length of the axis ceased after 2003.
General relativity histories theory

The canonical description is based on the prior choice of a spacelike foliation, hence making a reference to a spacetime metric. However, the metric is expected to be a dynamical, fluctuating quantity in quantum gravity. After presenting the developments in the History Projection Operator histories theory in the last seven years - giving special emphasis on the novel temporal structure of the formalism - we show how this problem can be solved in the histories formulation of general relativity. We implement the 3+1 decomposition using metric-dependent foliations which remain spacelike with respect to all possible Lorentzian metrics. This allows us to find an explicit relation of covariant and canonical quantities which preserves the spacetime character of the canonical description. In this new construction we have a coexistence of the spacetime diffeomorphisms group Diff(M) and the Dirac algebra of constraints.
Addition of Cover Crops Enhances No‐Till Potential for Improving Soil Physical Properties

Inclusion of cover crops (CCs) may be a potential strategy to boost no-till performance by improving soil physical properties. To assess this potential, we utilized a winter wheat (L.)–grain sorghum [ (L.) Moench] rotation, four N rates, and a hairy vetch (HV; Roth) CC after wheat during the first rotation cycles, which was replaced in subsequent cycles with sunn hemp (SH; L.) and late-maturing soybean [LMS; (L.) Merr. ] CCs in no-till on a silt loam. At the end of 15 yr, we studied the cumulative impacts of CCs on soil physical properties and assessed relationships between soil properties and soil organic C (SOC) concentration. Across N rates, SH reduced near-surface bulk density (ρ) by 4% and increased cumulative infiltration by three times relative to no-CC plots. Without N application, SH and LMS reduced Proctor maximum ρ, a parameter of soil compactibility, by 5%, indicating that soils under CCs may be less susceptible to compaction. Cover crops also increased mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWDA) by 80% in the 0- to 7.5-cm depth. The SOC concentration was 30% greater for SH and 20% greater for LMS than for no-CC plots in the 0- to 7.5-cm depth. The CC-induced increase in SOC concentration was negatively correlated with Proctor maximum ρ and positively with MWDA and cumulative infiltration. Overall, addition of CCs to no-till systems improved soil physical properties, and the CC-induced change in SOC concentration was correlated with soil physical properties.
THE COMPUTERIZATION MOVEMENT IN THE US HOME MORTGAGE INDUSTRY, 1980-2004

This paper reports on an empirical investigation of a particular computerization movement—the diffusion of automated underwriting in the US home mortgage industry—over a twenty-plus year timeframe. Building on and extending seminal work by Kling and Iacono (1988, 1995, 2001), this paper shows the influences of, and interplays among, technological action frames, institutional support, and technology performance, in the diffusion of automated underwriting and associated use practices.
Clitic placement in Spanish–English bilingual children*

Can transfer occur in child bilingual syntax when surface overlap does not involve the syntax-pragmatics interface? Twenty-three Spanish/English bilingual children participated in an elicited imitation study of clitic placement in Spanish restructuring contexts, where variable word order is not associated with pragmatic or semantic factors. Bilingual children performed poorly with preverbal clitics, the order that does not overlap with English. Distinct bilingual patterns emerged: backward repositioning, omissions (for simultaneous bilinguals) and a reduction in forward repositioning bias. We conclude that transfer should be defined in lexical terms as the result of priming effects leading to shifts in lexical items.
Kardiovaskulární riziko metabolického syndromu a možnosti jeho léčebného ovlivnění

64 65 2 / 2004 INTERNÍ MEDICÍNA PRO PRAXI / www.internimedicina. cz Metabolický syndrom se stal paradigmatem posledních 15–20 let (11, 17, 21, 23, 35). Zvýšený zájem, který vyvolává vedl kromě velkého množství poznatků také k řadě „pseudonymů“, pod kterými se tento chorobný stav schovává. V literatuře se tak můžeme setkat například s termíny syndrom X, Reavenův syndrom, inzulinorezistentní syndrom, dysmetabolický syndrom, plurimetabolický syndrom či s poněkud romanticky znějícím termínem – „smrtící kvartet“ („deadly quartet“). Pod všemi těmito názvy se skrývá jeden a tentýž chorobný stav. Tak jako většina jiných syndromů i etiologie metabolického syndromu představuje korelát exogenních a endogenních ovlivnitelných a neovlivnitelných faktorů. Z endogenních neovlivnitelných bývají zmiňovány genetická náchylnost některých jedinců a intrauterinní retardace. Z exogenních a ovlivnitelných má asi největší význam obezita, fyzická inaktivita a psychosociální stres. Nejvýznamnějším činitelem stojícím v samém středu metabolického syndromu je inzulinorezistence, která je zároveň patofyziologickým podkladem diabetu II typu (11, 17, 21, 23, 35). Ta je sice definována především jako porušená schopnost inzulinu zprostředkovávat utilizaci glukózy (35) v periferních tkáních, avšak vzhledem ke komplexnosti metabolického účinku inzulinu dochází k sekundárnímu ovlivňování celé škály dalších homeostatických mechanizmů. Tyto sekundární „neglukózové“ účinky inzulinorezistence se manifestují již řádově desetiletí před vlastní manifestací poruchy glukózového metabolizmu (tj. diabetem), kterou lze v podstatě považovat za poslední stádium tohoto syndromu a důsledek selhání kontraregulačních mechanizmů. Základní rizikové faktory, které jsou součástí, či byly nalezeny v asociaci s metabolickým syndromem, shrnuje tabulka 1. Nejdéle jsou do souvislosti s metabolických syndromem dávány první 4, tj. inzulinorezistence s různým stupněm poruchy utilizace glukózy, typická dyslipidemie (zvýšené triglyceridy, snížený HDL cholesterol, zvýšený poměr malých LDL částic a zvýšená postprandiální lipemie (2, 19, 21, 35), hypertenze (1, 8, 10, 35) a obezita centrálního (abdominálního) typu (2). Další často asociované faktory lze rozdělit do několika skupin. Častým nálezem je porucha hemostázy ve smyslu snížené fibrinolýzy a naopak faciliKARDIOVASKULÁRNÍ RIZIKO METABOLICKÉHO SYNDROMU A MOŽNOSTI JEHO LÉČEBNÉHO OVLIVNĚNÍ
XML INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS , WHAT ’ S NEXT ?

Without any doubt, XML data model considered the most dominant document type over the web with more than 60% of the total; nevertheless, their quality is not as expected. Data cleaning is equipped to overcome database’s quality issues. Integrity Constraint is a very important criterion for keeping data in a consistent manner, almost all previous XML dependencies are introduced to improve the schema and normalization, with a small effort toward improving data instance. This paper summarizes the most important XML integrity constraint notations and data cleaning approaches. In addition, to highlight the shortcoming of these constraints and proved it is limitation for increasing data quality. Finally, introduce the next generation of conditional integrity constraints, which will be held mainly for data cleaning issues.
UMA DEFINIÇÃO CONSTITUTIVA DE EMOÇÕES: A constitutive definition of emotions

Um dos maiores problemas do estudo das emocoes esta na baixa concordância entre diferentes achados e teorias. Este estudo argumenta que muito disso e devido a problemas na definicao de emocoes, que muitas vezes sao confundidas com outros conceitos de natureza emocional, os quais, frequentemente, comportam-se de modo diverso do que aquilo algumas areas vem chamando de emocoes. Busca-se apresentar evidencias e propor uma definicao focada na natureza episodica, aspectos avaliativos, mudancas psico-cognitiva-fisiologica no organismo e aspecto social da expressao como alguns dos principais atributos do sistema “emocoes”, bem como diferencia-la de outros tais como humores, afetos, sentimentos e temperamentos. Ao final e proposta uma definicao de emocao baseada nesses conceitos
Pokémon Go: ¿herramienta para combatir las conductas sedentarias?

Las conductas o comportamientos sedentarios comúnmente se han definido como la carencia de movimiento durante el tiempo de vigilia diaria, esta comprende actividades tales como encontrarse sentado, ver la televisión, o estar acostado y corresponden a un índice metabólico menor o igual a 1,5 MET [1-3]. Estas conductas sedentarias tienen repercusiones en la salud de las personas e incrementan el riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus, enfermedades cardiovasculares y síndrome metabólico [4,5]. Se ha demostrado que los beneficios de la interrupción del tiempo sedentario (como por ejemplo iniciar una caminata o ponerse de pie), tienen efecto en la reducción del perímetro abdominal, niveles de triglicéridos, glucosa plasmática, niveles de insulina [6]; así como un incremento en el índice metabólico (MET) [7].
Governance tools for board members : adapting strategy maps and balanced scorecards for directorial action

The accountability of members of the board of directors of publicly traded companies has increased over years. Corresponding to these developments, there has been an inadequate advancement of tools and frameworks to help directorial functioning. This paper provides an argument for design of the Balanced Scorecard and Strategy Maps made available to the directors as a means of influencing, monitoring, controlling and assisting managerial action. This paper examines how the Balanced Scorecard and Strategy Maps could be modified and used for this purpose. The paper suggests incorporating Balanced Scorecards in the Internal Process perspective, ‘internal’ implying here not just ‘internal to the firm’, but also ‘internal to the inter-organizational system’. We recommend that other such factors be introduced separately under a new ‘perspective’ depending upon what the board wants to emphasize without creating any unwieldy proliferation of measures. Tracking the Strategy Map over time by the board of directors is a way for the board to take responsibility for the firm’s performance. The paper makes a distinction between action variables and monitoring variables. Monitoring variables are further divided on the basis of two considerations: a) whether results have been met or not and b) whether causative factors have met the expected levels of performance or not. Based on directorial responsibilities and accountability, we take another look at how the variables could be specified more completely and accurately with directorial recommendations for executives.
On the Expressive Power of Collective Attacks DBAI-TR-2018

In this paper, we consider SETAFs due to Nielsen and Parsons, an extension of Dung’s abstract argumentation frameworks that allow for collective attacks. We first provide a comprehensive analysis of the expressiveness of SETAFs under conflict-free, naive, stable, complete, admissible and preferred semantics. Our analysis shows that SETAFs are strictly more expressive than Dung AFs. Towards a uniform characterization of SETAFs and Dung AFs we provide general results on expressiveness which take the maximum degree of the collective attacks into account. Our results show that, for each k > 0, SETAFs that allow for collective attacks of k + 1 arguments are more expressive than SETAFs that only allow for collective attacks of at most k arguments. 1Institute of Logic and Computation, TU Wien, Austria. E-mail: dvorak@dbai.tuwien. ac.at 2IRIT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France. 3Institute of Logic and Computation, TU Wien, Austria. Copyright c © 2018 by the authors
Securely Attached, Strongly Committed? On the Influence of Attachment Orientations on Organizational Commitment

The paper at hand is the first that explores the notion of attachment orientations, i.e. attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, influencing individual attachment towards an organization, i.e. employees' affective, normative and continuance commitment. Findings of a questionnaire survey reveal positive correlations of attachment anxiety with affective, normative and continuance commitment. Attachment avoidance in contrast was found to contribute only to the prediction of affective commitment. Reconsidered, our results imply low affective, normative and continuance commitment for secure employees, i.e. for employees low in anxiety and low in avoidance. Implications of the findings, regarding the question of whether organizations should abstain from the employment of secure workers, are discussed.
Multiple Purposes for Measuring Quality in Early Childhood Settings:Implications for Collecting and Communicating Information on Quality. OPRE Issue Brief #2. Publication #2009-13.

This Issue Brief series is supported under contract # HHSP233200500198U to Child Trends from the Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under the direction of project officer Ivelisse Martinez-Beck. Support is also provided by the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Martha Zaslow, Kathryn Tout, Tamara Halle, and Nicole Forry are researchers at Child Trends. The views represented in this brief are those of the authors and do not reflect the opinions of the Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation of the Administration for Children and Families. Multiple purposes for Measuring Quality in early Childhood settings: iMpliCations for ColleCting and CoMMuniCating inforMation on Quality Martha Zaslow, Kathryn Tout, Tamara Halle, and Nicole Forry
Bovino - raça Canchim: origem e desenvolvimento.

Bovino - Raca Canchim: origem e desenvolvimento; Origem; Formacao; Associacao dos criadores; Padrao da Raca; Desempenho produtivo da raca Canchim; Fertilidade; Habilidade materna; Desenvolvimento ponderal; Rusticidade; Cariotipagem; Grupos sanguineos; O Canchim em cruzamento.
Published as a conference paper at ICLR 2018 S IMULATING A CTION D YNAMICS WITH N EURAL P ROCESS N ETWORKS

Understanding procedural language requires anticipating the causal effects of actions, even when they are not explicitly stated. In this work, we introduce Neural Process Networks to understand procedural text through (neural) simulation of action dynamics. Our model complements existing memory architectures with dynamic entity tracking by explicitly modeling actions as state transformers. The model updates the states of the entities by executing learned action operators. Empirical results demonstrate that our proposed model can reason about the unstated causal effects of actions, allowing it to provide more accurate contextual information for understanding and generating procedural text, all while offering more interpretable internal representations than existing alternatives.
The Chicken Challenge: What Contemporary Studies of Fowl Mean for Science and Ethics

Studies with captive fowl have revealed that they possess greater cognitive capacities than previously thought. We now know that fowl have sophisticated cognitive and communicative skills, which had hitherto been associated only with certain primates. Several theories have been advanced to explain the evolution of such complex behavior. Central to these theories is the enlargement of the brain in species with greater mental capacities. Fowl present us with a conundrum, however, because they.
A CLOSE-PAIR ANALYSIS OF DAMP MERGERS AT INTERMEDIATE REDSHIFTS

We have studied the kinematics of ∼2800 candidate close-pair galaxies at 0.1 < z < 1.2 identified from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey fields. Spectra of these systems were obtained using spectrometers on the 6.5 m Magellan and 5 m Hale telescopes. These data allow us to constrain the rate of dry mergers at intermediate redshifts and to test the “hot halo” model for quenching of star formation. Using virial radii estimated from the correlation between dynamical and stellar masses published by Leauthaud et al., we find that around 1/5 of our candidate pairs are likely to share a common dark matter halo (our metric for close physical association). These pairs are divided into red–red, blue–red, and blue–blue systems using the rest-frame colors classification method introduced in Chou et al. Galaxies classified as red in our sample have very low star formation rates, but they need not be totally quiescent, and hence we refer to them as “damp,” rather than “dry,” systems. After correcting for known selection effects, the fraction of blue–blue pairs is significantly greater than that of red–red and blue–red pairs. Red–red pairs are almost entirely absent from our sample, suggesting that damp mergers are rare at z ∼ 0.5. Our data support models with a short merging timescale (<0.5 Gyr) in which star formation is enhanced in the early phase of mergers, but quenched in the late phase. Hot halo models may explain this behavior, but only if virial shocks that heat gas are inefficient until major mergers are nearly complete.
Construcción de redes sociales anónimas

Resumen—Analizar una red social permite identificar sus líderes, roles y comunidades, así como su comportamiento, tamaño y heterogeneidad. Esta información es muy valiosa para optimizar o personalizar servicios, y para predecir el comportamiento de la red. Pero al mismo tiempo dichos análisis conllevan intrusiones a la privacidad de los individuos que la conforman. En el presente artículo se revisan las técnicas, algoritmos, y procedimientos que se han presentado recientemente en el campo de investigación para la anonimización de redes sociales, a fin de presentar un amplio panorama de lo que se ha propuesto, y los interrogantes que quedan aún por resolver.
The Cost of Lookin ’ Good : a review on microplastics in cosmetics and their impacts on marine life

Microplastic debris in oceans around the world has been accumulating over the last decade, with concentrations reaching over 100 000 microplastics per m3 in some areas. Though microplastics are defined as pieces of plastic debris measuring less than 5 mm in diameter, they are possibly the most harmful litter found in the ocean. Microplastics cause injury and death to marine birds, mammals, fish, and reptiles. These small pieces of litter not only block feeding appendages and obstruct the passage of food through the intestinal tract, they are also vectors for toxic chemicals that end up in the stomachs of marine animals and bioaccumulate through the trophic levels. Banning microbeads from all cosmetics, a primary source of microplastics, is a good start to eliminating them from the earth’s waterways. Each year, 80 tonnes of microplastics from cosmetics such as exfoliates and toothpastes end up in the ocean. Microbeads found inside cosmetics are not vitally important to the function of the product and make up a significant portion of the microplastics found in the ocean. The most effective way to immediately decrease the accumulation of microplastics in the ocean would be to eliminate them from all cosmetics.