Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender-specific associations of sleep duration with uncontrolled blood pressure in middle-aged patients

Abstract Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the associations between sleep duration and uncontrolled blood pressure in a hospital-based sample of middle-aged adults. Methods: Between March 2012 and December 2012, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the hypertensive outpatients of Anzhen Hospital and a community hospital in Beijing, China. Eligible participants were adults aged 35–55 years with an established diagnosis of hypertension and had been on standard antihypertensive drug treatment for at least 6 months. An interviewer-led questionnaire was used to collect the participants’ demographic, lifestyle and dietary information, as well as medical histories. Usual sleep durations were categorized as <7 h, 7–8 h and >8 h per night. Logistic regression models were used to assess gender-specific associations between sleep duration and uncontrolled hypertension, with adjustment for age, gender, family history, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Results: A total of 3038 participants were finally investigated. Among them, 1569 (51.6%) patients had their blood pressure uncontrolled. In men, no significant association was found between sleep duration categories and uncontrolled hypertension. In women, compared with those sleeping <7 h, longer sleepers tended to have a lower risk of uncontrolled hypertension for sleeping 7–8 hours (odds ratio [OR] 0.537, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.370–0.780) and sleeping >8 h (OR 0.316, 95% CI, 0.202–0.494), respectively. Conclusion: Modest associations between short sleep duration and uncontrolled hypertension were seen in middle-aged women but not in men in the hypertensive population.
Aspirin for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.

The first reported use of salicylate-rich plants as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent comes from the Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian medical text from ca. 1,543 bc.1 It wasn't until the mid-1800s that silicon was isolated as the active component from willow tree bark extract, and then purified to acetylsalicylic acid. Bayer patented the compound in 1900, after the German chemist Felix Hoffmann's successful use of it to treat his father's severe arthritis. Finally, in 1950, the physician Lawrence Craven recognized that aspirin reduced the risk of heart attacks in men.2
Recurrence times of buffer overflows in Jackson networks

Estimation of the statistics of buffer overflows in networks of queues by means of simulation is inherently costly, simply because of the rarity of these events. An alternative analytic approach with very low computational cost is presented for calculating the recurrence times of buffer overflows in Jackson networks in which the recurrence times of buffer overflows in a network are expressed in terms of the recurrence times for overflows of individual buffers, isolated from the network. Equivalent results are given for continuous and discrete-time networks. This result is applied to the buffer allocation problem for queueing networks, providing extensions and further justification for a previously derived heuristic approach to this problem. <<ETX>>
An action research investigation into new ways rural women in Western Australia can increase their involvement in government decision-making

, . ,-. 11 DECLARATION . IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . _ . V TABLE OF CONTENTS . _,,,,, . _,,,,, . VII LIST OF TABLES . XI LIST OF FIGURES . ,,_,,, . XII ABBREVIATIONS . XIII ABBREVIATIONS . ,_ . ,_, XIII CODES FOR RURAL WOMEN RESPONDENTS . XIV CHAPTER 1 .
Peculiarities of urban area analysis with very high resolution interferometric SAR data

The new generation of high resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors provide new “light” in the imaging and monitoring of urban areas. Buildings and many ground structures can be monitored to an unprecedented accuracy. Nevertheless new problems, such as the interference of the response of scatterers in layover areas and deformations due to thermal dilation, arise and need to be faced. In this work we analyze these effects on a TerraSAR-X dataset acquired over the Las Vegas test site.
Homogenized Down-Up Algebras

Abstract This paper studies two homogenizations of the down-up algebras introduced in Benkart and Roby (Benkart, G., Roby, T. (1998). Down-up Algebras. J. Algebra 209:305–344). We show that in all cases the homogenizing variable is not a zero-divisor, and that when the parameter β is non-zero, the homogenized down-up algebra is a Noetherian domain and a maximal order, and also Artin-Schelter regular, Auslander regular, and Cohen-Macaulay. We show that all homogenized down-up algebras have global dimension 4 and Gelfand-Kirillov dimension 4, and with one exception all homogenized down-up algebras are prime rings. We also exhibit a basis for homogenized down-up algebras and provide a necessary condition for a Noetherian homogenized down-up algebra to be a Hopf algebra.
Is there any impact of cognitive remediation on an ecological test in schizophrenia?

Introduction. Cognitive deficits are commonly reported in schizophrenia and have a significant impact on the daily life of patients and on their social and work inclusion. Cognitive remediation therapies (CRT) may enhance the capabilities of schizophrenia patients. Although social and work integration is the ultimate goal of CRT, previous studies have failed to carry out a detailed assessment of the effects on everyday life. Methods. Fifty-nine schizophrenia patients were randomised into two groups (remediation or usual treatment) to test the effects of a new remediation programme, which included both rehearsal and strategy learning, on cognitive functions. An ecological test was used to evaluate its transfer to daily living skills. Results. Cognitive improvements are revealed in CRT patients, mainly in memory and executive functions. Patients showing some deficiencies to perform the ecological test had better scores after the CRT. Moreover, they significantly improve their social activity scores. Conclusions. CRT would facilitate mental load monitoring by enhancing or reallocating cognitive resources, facilitating the patient's organisation and autonomy. The rehearsal learning approach improves the ability to carry out automatic operations that are less demanding in terms of cognitive resources, thereby increasing the resources available for acquisition and efficient use of strategies provided during the strategy learning approach.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, part 1: Pleural and lymph node disease

Abstract: Pleural tuberculosis and lymph node involvement are the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis. Most patients with pleural involvement complain of pleuritic chest pain, nonproductive cough, and dyspnea. The pleural effusion is usually unilateral and small to moderate in size. The diagnosis depends on the demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in pleural fluid or biopsy specimens, or the presence of caseous granulomas in the pleura. The gold standard for the diagnosis of lymph node tuberculosis is the identification of mycobacteria in smears on fine-needle aspiration cytopathology, histopathology, or mycobacterial culture. On ultrasonography and CT, the lymph nodes show enlargement with hypoechoic/hypodense areas that demonstrate central necrosis and peripheral rim enhancement or calcification. Treatment involves the combination of 4 antituberculosis drugs for 2 months, followed by 2-drug therapy for 4 months. (J Respir Dis. 2005;26(8):326-332)
Designing heterocyclic selective kinase inhibitors: from concept to new drug candidates

Kinases represent one of the most popular and promising target class in drug discovery. Success in finding new therapeutics will depend on the validation of the kinase choosen with respect to the disease of interest, and on the ability of chemists to design and synthesize inhibitors which are selective for this particular kinase. One of the most powerful validation tool for kinases is the Analogue-Sensitive Kinase Allele ( ASKA) technology, where chemists and biologists have engineered modified kinases and inhibitors by generating functionally active kinase mutants which are specifically inhibited by a chemically modified inhibitor, thus allowing to study specific responses in knock-in animals. The design of selective, ATP competitive kinase inhibitors has been succesfully achieved by combining different technologies like cpomputational chemistry, structure-based design and combinatorial chemistry as illustrated by the discovery of AS602801, a potent and selective JNK inhibitor with therapeutic potential in MS and fibrosis. The exploration of non ATP-competitive inhibitors is also very promising, as illustrated by the case of MEK inhibitors which show strong interest as anti-cancer agents. In the future, the rationale design of selective kinase inhibitors will move to the design of compounds that will induce a selective perturbation of cell regulation, where kinases play a critical role.
Must diabetes be a fatal disease in Africa? Study of costs of treatment.

OBJECTIVE--To estimate the costs of diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in Tanzania. DESIGN--Costs estimated from the reported and recorded experience of patients with newly presenting diabetes in 1989-90 and of diabetic patients first seen in 1981-2. SETTING--Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam. SUBJECTS--464 patients (315 men and 149 women). 262 patients diagnosed during 1 September 1989-31 August 1990 (group 1) and 202 during 1 June 1981-31 August 1982 (group 2). RESULTS--The average annual direct cost of diabetes care in 1989-90 was $287 for a patient requiring insulin and $103 for a patient not requiring insulin. Purchase of insulin accounted for 68.2% ($156) of the average annual outpatient costs for patients requiring insulin. For patients not requiring insulin the cost of oral hypoglycaemic drugs and treatment of chronic complications and infections accounted for 42.5% ($29.3) and 48.8% ($33.7) of costs respectively. Cost of outpatient care of diabetic patients for the whole of Tanzania was estimated at $2.7m, *75,128 (32.2%) of which was for insulin. Doctors' and nurses' costs accounted for 0.2% of total costs of outpatient care. The annual direct inpatient care costs were estimated at $1.25m. Around 0.2% of the Tanzanian population aged 15 years and over used the equivalent of 8% of the total government health expenditure, which was $47,4088,382. CONCLUSION--Diabetes places a severe strain on the limited resources of developing countries. If African patients with diabetes have to pay for their treatment most will be unable to do so and will die.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes under the Comprehensive Child Development Service at Princess Margaret Hospital : a One-year Experience

Objective: To review the demographic characteristics of the women under the care of the Comprehensive Child Development Service (CCDS) and their neonatal outcomes. Methods: Patient records under the care of the CCDS team in 2014 in a regional hospital in Hong Kong were retrieved for data analysis. Results: Of the 275 women included in the final cohort, 21 (7.6%) were teenagers, 86 (31.3%) were a substance abuser, and 168 (61.1%) had mental health problems. With regard to the neonatal outcome, 14.2% were delivered preterm and 44.0% were admitted to the neonatal unit. Of the babies admitted to neonatal unit, 33.9% were due to neonatal drug withdrawal syndrome. Ketamine (50.0%) and amphetamine (44.2%) were the illicit drugs most commonly used by the mother, followed by cocaine (26.7%), heroin (17.4%), and ecstasy (17.4%); 34.9% of these women did not avoid the substance during pregnancy. When compared with the overall statistics in the hospital in 2014, the women in this study had more preterm birth (14.2% vs. 7.2%), more operative deliveries (26.8% vs. 21.1%), and more babies who required special care (44.0% vs. 31.1%). Conclusion: Women with active substance abuse disorders are at risk for unplanned pregnancy. Effective contraceptive methods should be emphasised to this group of women after delivery. It is also crucial to appreciate the impact of the adverse consequences of substance abuse during pregnancy. Hong Kong J Gynaecol Obstet Midwifery 2017; 17(2):113-6
Improve your business : basics

Part 1 Marketing: understand your customers satisfy your customers product price place promotion what did you learn in this chapter? Part 2 Buying: buying to sell steps to follow when you buy what did you learn in this chapter? Part 3 Stock control: control your stock stock records stock-taking what did you learn in this chapter? Part 4 Costing: know your costs costing for a manufacturer or service operator costing for a retailer or wholesaler what did you learn in this chapter? Part 5 Record-keeping: keeping and using business records the record-keeping system the record book use records to improve your business what did you learn in this chapter? Part 6 Financial planning: planning for the future a sales and costs plan a cash flow plan what did you learn in this chapter? Part 7 Action plan.
An Analysis of Applying Fractal Dimension to Stream Networks

Fractal dimensions have been frequently applied to generalize the complexity and drainage of particular stream networks. Certain techniques to calculate dimension have become particularly popular, specifically the Divider method, functional-box counting, and as a function between bifurcation and length ratios. The frequency and variability with which these techniques are applied creates discrepancies as each technique applies different presumptions and display different fractal dimension values, skewing conclusions drawn on stream complexity. In addition, stream networks are assumed to be fractal without further validation. Analysis was conducted comparing the fractal dimensions at different sub-networks within a drainage basin to contrast the differing values between calculation techniques as well as to verify the fractality of the basin. Results indicated that the basin was fractal, but fractal dimensions between calculation techniques vary wildly and imply different relative complexities among sub-networks.
Determinants of Commercial Bank Profitability in Mexico

The aim of the present work is to identify the main determinants of profitability for commercial banks established in Mexico. A data base of 45 banks representing virtually the whole world of commercial banking in the period 2007-2013 was used. Dynamic models using Arellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond estimators with an error that follows an MA(1) process were employed along with static models having random effects and Hausman-Taylor estimator. Findings suggest that the profitability of commercial banking is sustained by the level of capital, the charging of commissions and fees, and control of operating expenses, as well as certain market entry barriers and obstacles to competition that provoke a relatively high persistence of profitability.
Adhere today, here tomorrow: oral bacterial adherence

The oral cavity is home to a large and diverse population of microbes comprising over 350 taxa and in which 37 genera of bacteria are represented (37, 38). Coaggregation, or cellto-cell recognition of genetically distinct partner cell-types, has been observed with isolates from the 18 genera tested so far (25, 26); these 18 genera constitute the bacteria most frequently isolated from dental plaque. Like other saprophytic and pathogenic bacteria that inhabit or invade various human tissues, members of the oral flora possess specific cell surface-associated adherence proteins responsible for initiating colonization. These bacterial adhesins recognize protein, glycoprotein, or polysaccharide receptors on various oral surfaces, including other cell types. In dental plaque, the ability to attach to bacteria already anchored to hard or soft tissues may provide secondary colonizers with the same advantages enjoyed by primary colonizers. Essentially all oral bacteria possess surface molecules that foster some sort of cell-to-cell interaction (26); some constitutively synthesize a coterie of adhesins that permit a cell to participate simultaneously in multiple interactions with partner cell types (32). Other oral bacteria, such as the cariogenic mutans streptococci, synthesize extracellular glucans and a major surface protein antigen (14) that contribute to their ability to adhere to teeth (29). This kind of adherence has been extensively studied by many laboratories and appears to be distinct from coaggregation. In other ecosystems, there is surprisingly little or no evidence for coaggregation among resident bacteria. Juxtapositioning of genetically unrelated bacterial microcolonies in metabolic consortia performing anaerobic biodegradations (36, 49) is different from coaggregations which are characterized by direct and viability-independent cell-to-cell recognition. Bacterial predation and conjugation, the action of the pheromone system of Enterococcus faecalis (44), invertebrate animal intestinal tract microbes (5), and nutritional symbionts have some similarities to the highly specific mechanisms of oral bacterial recognition. Coaggregation may be intra-, interor multigeneric, and it is different from the interactions among clonal populations, for example rosettes among caulobacters. Generally, secondary colonizers synthesize protein adhesins that recognize receptors on primary colonizers such as the streptococci and actinomyces (30). This review will deal with the characteristics of adhesin and receptor molecules and the potential roles they play in dental plaque accretion. Equally important to adherence in developing oral microbial consortia are the nutritional relationships among plaque bacteria, which have been reviewed elsewhere (26) and will not be discussed further here.
Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Protocol for Emergency Wireless Mesh Network

In order to solve the limited energy and low throughput problems of the battery-powered wireless mesh network (WMN), an IEEE 802.11n based multi-radio multi-channel energy balancing and high throughput protocol (EBHT) for battery-powered emergency WMN is presented in this paper. EBHT optimizes the route path planning to achieve the energy balance by taking WMN nodes’ residual energy, client accessed condition and route paths’ link quality into account. It also assigns different high quality channels for adjac ent nodes to improve the client communication performance and introduces dual-radio multi-channel allocation algorithm to increase network throughput. The EBHT’s performance is evaluated by designing and implementing an IEEE 802.11n based WMN node. The results show that EBHT can improve WMN’s throughput, enhance the communication reliability and optimize the node energy consumption. Compared with the traditional Mesh protocols, EBHT is more suitable for battery-powered emergency WMN.
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: validity studies on dietary assessment methods.

This supplement contains the results from studies in the eight countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Each collaborating centre has assessed the relative validity and reproducibility of the dietary assessment method being used in their centre. One study has also looked at the relative validity of a measure of physical activity, and another study presents the results on an inter-observer study of anthropometric measures. The paper by Kaaks 1 discusses some fundamental assumptions (particularly the statistical independence of random measurement errors between different measurements) that govern the design and analysis of the preliminary validity studies of the pilot phase of the EPIC project. He presents the rationale for conducting additional ‘calibration’ studies on representative subsamples of participants in the main cohort studies, and the way the results from the calibration study in each centre may be used to allow the data to be pooled and used to explore the relationship between a wider range of intake and cancer risk. The paper by Kaaks, Slimani and Riboli 2 gives an overview and summary of the
Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of intact unanesthetized cat. II. Electromyographic activity evoked by microstimulation.

1. The present study has examined the detailed organization of the medullary reticular formation (MRF) as revealed by microstimulation (33-ms trains of 0.2-ms duration pulses at 330 Hz and 35 microA or less) in the intact, chronically implanted, unanesthetized cat. Stimulus-locked electromyographic (EMG) responses were recorded from flexors and extensors of each of the four limbs, as well as bilaterally from muscles of the neck and back, during stimulation of the same 592 loci that formed the basis of the preceding article. 2. The thresholds of the responses were different for each group of muscles, with, on the average, the neck muscles being activated at the lowest range of currents, 13.8-16.5 microA; forelimb muscles at 16.9-17.9 microA; back muscles at 25.4-25.7 microA; and hindlimb muscles at 21.1-25.7 microA. 3. Whereas stimulation within the MRF evoked movement of the head only to the stimulated side (preceding article), analysis of the EMG responses showed there was frequently bilateral activation of the neck muscles. Similarly, even though stimulation produced predominantly ipsilateral elbow flexion and contralateral elbow extension, most loci caused cocontraction of antagonistic muscles at these joints. Cocontraction was also frequently observed for the hindlimbs. Reciprocal activation of antagonistic muscles was less frequent but was observed in the ipsilateral forelimb as well as in both hindlimbs; it was never observed in the contralateral forelimb. 4. Although excitatory responses were observed from widespread regions for all of the muscles under study, those regions of the MRF that evoked the strongest responses in each muscle showed a large degree of segregation. Muscles of the ipsilateral forelimb were most strongly activated from the rostrodorsal MRF, whereas muscles of the contralateral forelimb were most strongly effected by stimulation caudoventrally. Muscles of the hindlimbs were more strongly activated from the rostral brain stem, although with some exceptions. Responses in axial muscles were evoked from widespread regions of the brain stem but were concentrated further caudally than were the limb muscles. 5. Excitatory responses were much more prevalent than inhibitory responses and were evoked from all regions of the MRF, including the most caudal and ventral areas. The shortest latency responses in each track were, on the average, as follows: 6.6-8.8 ms for the neck; 11.2-13.4 ms for the forelimbs; 13.8-14.2 ms for the back; and 15.9-17.2 ms for the hindlimbs. Inhibitory responses were also evoked from widely distributed regions, which were intermingled with those loci evoking excitatory responses. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
How can Projects in Distress be Optimally Restructured?

This paper concentrates on the restructuring of projects in financial distress. In the first section the objectives and characteristics of project finance are shortly described. This is followed by a review of the literature concerning restructuring in distressed situation. A main condition to restructure a project is the willingness of the participants to get into renegotiations and to avoid a possible bankruptcy. Only then it is almost realistic to start the restructuring process. Here similar types of loans and funds can be used as in the phase, where the project the first has been financially structured. An optimal restructuring will also have to consider the theoretical framework of the optimal capital structure. The new structure has to consider the costs of financing and demands for the right financial instruments and techniques to achieve the optimal restructuring. An optimal restructuring is reached, when the leverage ratio, the credit term structure and the capital structure are properly combined in order to reduce the cost of capital and maximize the value of the project.