Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ocena procesu dzielenia się wiedzą z perspektywy praktyków

W artykule podjęto problem dzielenia się wiedzą w przedsiębiorstwie, a za jego cel przyjęto ocenę tego procesu. Dążąc do realizacji celu, w opracowaniu wykorzystano wyniki badań pilotażowych przeprowadzonych w 55 przedsiębiorstwach różnej wielkości z województwa łódzkiego w formie wywiadów bezpośrednich z zastosowaniem techniki PAPI. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników ustalono, że zdecydowana większość respondentów wysoko ocenia aktualne zaangażowanie przedsiębiorstwa w działania z zakresu dzielenia się wiedzą. Potwierdzeniem wysokich not są podejmowane przez większość badanych firm inicjatywy (pracownicy są informowani o różnych możliwościach udostępniania swojej wiedzy innym pracownikom i znają zalety tego typu działań; zarządzający przedsiębiorstwami inwestują w szkolenia oraz organizują spotkania mające na celu uświadamianie pracownikom istoty i znaczenia dzielenia się wiedzą). Niestety, realizacja analizowanego procesu utrudniana jest przez wiele barier, a za najczęściej występujące uznano brak czasu, brak przejrzystego systemu uznaniowego i nagradzania oraz brak technicznego wsparcia. Z kolei za czynniki najbardziej sprzyjające dzieleniu się wiedzą większość respondentów uznała zachęty finansowe w postaci wyższego wynagrodzenia i dodatkowych premii.
Obstructive sleep apnea in adults with Down syndrome

Patients with Down syndrome (DS) often have a high occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea (OSA) syndrome. We studied a large cohort of adults with DS attended due to clinical suspicion of OSA. A standardized questionnaire and full medical assessment were conducted, including a sleep study. One hundred and fifty‐seven DS individuals were studied, with a mean ± SD age of 36 ± 10 years, 40.7% women, BMI 29.4 ± 5.6 kg/m2. The main clinical symptom was daytime sleepiness (64.9%). A sleep study was conducted in 114 patients. All 114 DS patients were diagnosed with OSA, with a predominance of obstructive and hypopnea events, (apnea‐hypopnoea index, AHI, 35.0 ± 26.6), with an oxygen desaturation index of 32.9, and a Tc90% of 24.7%. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment was implemented in 75 (65.8%) of subjects. Tolerance was considered good in 75% of them, with a high compliance of 79.2% >4 hr/day (mean 7.1 hr/day), resulting in a symptomatic improvement in 58.7% of them. Obstructive sleep apnea is frequently confirmed in patients with DS when it clinically suspected. Treatment with CPAP in DS is feasible, and with higher adherence than in adults with normal cognitive functioning.
VIP and PACAP as Regulators of Immunity: New Perspectives from A Receptor Point of View

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypeptide (PACAP) are two neuropeptides acting through three common G-protein coupled receptors (VPAC1, VPAC2 and PAC1). Among their pleiotropic actions within the organism, VIP and PACAP are known to exhibit immunomodulatory properties in both the innate and adaptive immune axes. The fact that they inhibit inflammation in murine models of disease has brought these peptides into the spotlight within the field of therapeutic discovery for autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Pharmacological tools and transgenic mice have been useful in order to investigate the involvement of each of their three receptors in these actions. This review focuses on the relevance of the VPAC2 receptor on VIP and PACAP modulation of immune responses, and discusses its potential as a target for the treatment of Th1-driven inflammatory disorders.
Impact of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy on Social Anxiety Disorders

The present study is based on the vast literature available on how effective cognitive behaviour therapy is in dealing with social anxiety disorders. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy usually focuses on changing illogical unrealistic pattern of thinking that leads to maladaptive behaviour. Researches prove that it is one of the most widely studied nonpharmacological phenomena to the cure of Social Anxiety Disorder. This study summarizes the evidence on impact of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy treatment of Social Phobia. Studies have proved that results state that people learn to reinterpret negative events in way that help them cope with it. In CBT the therapist test the assumption of the clients and see how accurate or true they are. Factors related to more or less effect of CBT on individuals with Social Anxiety Disorder are reviewed. Keywords: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Social Anxiety Disorder, Maladaptive behaviour, illogical thinking patterns.
Divergent northern and southern populations and demographic history of the pearl oyster in the western Pacific revealed with genomic SNPs

In the open ocean without terrain boundaries, marine invertebrates with pelagic larvae can migrate long distances using ocean currents, suggesting reduced genetic diversification. Contrary to this assumption, however, genetic differentiation is often observed in marine invertebrates. In the present study, we sought to explain how population structure is established in the western Pacific Ocean, where the strong Kuroshio Current maintains high levels of gene flow from south to north, presumably promoting genetic homogeneity. We determined the population structure of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, in the Indo‐Pacific Ocean using genome‐wide genotyping data from multiple sampling localities. Cluster analysis showed that the western Pacific population is distinct from that of the Indian Ocean, and that it is divided into northern (Japanese mainland) and southern (Nansei Islands, China, and Cambodia) populations. Genetic differentiation of P. fucata can be explained by geographic barriers in the Indian Ocean and a local lagoon, and by environmental gradients of sea surface temperature (SST) and oxygen concentration in the western Pacific. A genome scan showed evidence of adaptive evolution in genomic loci, possibly associated with changes in environmental factors, including SST and oxygen concentration. Furthermore, Bayesian simulation demonstrated that the past population expansion and division are congruent with ocean warming after the last glacial period. It is highly likely that the environmental gradient forms a genetic barrier that diversifies P. fucata populations in the western Pacific. This hypothesis helps to explain genetic differentiation and possible speciation of marine invertebrates.
Precipitation regionalization, anomalies and drought occurrence in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Climate change projections have identified the Yucatan Peninsula as being vulnerable to increasing drought. Understanding spatial and temporal precipitation variability and drought occurrence are therefore important. Drought monitoring in Mexico has been carried out only relatively recently and often without considering the long‐term variability in both droughts and precipitation. This research explores the spatio‐temporal variability of precipitation and occurrence of droughts at a much finer spatial resolution and over a longer temporal period than previous studies. Using statistical (cluster analysis and standardized precipitation index) and geostatistical (kriging) techniques, maps of precipitation and droughts are generated for the period 1980–2011. These show that whilst many previous studies have regarded the Yucatan Peninsula as a homogenous region with respect to precipitation, there are actually four distinctive clusters of precipitation amount, showing climatic variability across the Peninsula. The analyses also show that droughts in the Peninsula are regionalised. Twelve‐month Standardized Precipitation Indices (SPI), calculated for individual stations and for precipitation surfaces, reveal distinct patterns of spatial and temporal variability. SPI surfaces indicate the occurrence of major droughts in 1981, 1986–1987, 1994, 1996, 2003, 2004 and 2009, but these rarely affect the whole Yucatan Peninsula uniformly. Wetter years, such as 1983, 1984, 1988, 1992, 1995, 2002 and 2005 sometimes reflect the impact of individual extreme events, such as hurricane Isidore in 2002. Our results show that drought can be regionalised, thus enhancing the quality of information about droughts in the area and providing evidence and support for future drought mitigation and environmental protection. These methods could usefully be applied elsewhere.
The effect of video gaming on physical activity among nursing home residents

There are approximately 1.5 million residents living in nursing homes in the United States. For those living in this environment, opportunities to participate in health promoting behaviors, such as physical activity, have been limited (Kayser-Jones, 2009). The use of video game technology is now being used related to health and health benefits with older adults (Primack et al., 2012). Because there have been limited research studies conducted in long-term care environments related to physical activity and health promotion, current research is needed to further explore these phenomena. The purposes of this study were as follows: (1) to describe the use of video game technology, specifically the Nintendo Wii, with older adults living in long term care facilities; (2) to determine if there is a relationship among personal factors, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, and physical activity; and (3) to examine the effects of this video game technology perceived barriers, perceived benefits, and perceived self-efficacy for physical activity using a 6-week intervention with nursing home residents. Pender’s Promotion Model was used as a guiding framework for this study. Twenty-four participants, primarily Caucasian (n=20, 83.3%) women (n=16, 66.7%) were recruited from four nursing homes in and around central North Carolina. Prior to the start of the intervention, data were collected by face to face interviews on current self-reported level of physical activity and prior use of a technological device, as well as other pre-intervention measures. The majority of the sample reported being very physically active and had prior experience using a technological device. The intervention period lasted for 6 weeks, meeting twice per week for 45 minute sessions. The sessions included a 15 minute educational component followed by 30 minutes of Nintendo Wii game play. From the data gathered prior to the intervention, it was ascertained that the majority of the study participants reported currently engaging in physical activity (87.4%). Many of the participants (83.3%) reported prior use of a technological device, with the computer being the most commonly reported. Using the scores from the multiple regression analysis (F (6, 22) = 2.49, p =. 07, R2 = . 48, R2Adjusted = . 29) revealed no significant predictors of physical activity at posttest. Paired t-tests revealed no significant change in key variables between before and after intervention. Although the study the findings were not statistically significant, the intervention provided some useful clinical information that can be used in the development of future physical activity programs for residents in long-term care facilities. The use of video games with older adults is a feasible, inexpensive method to assist them in physical activity maintenance. Initiating interventions that are tailored to older adults, focused on health promoting behaviors such as physical activity, within long-term care facilities can help reduce to maintain the functional ability of residents in long-term care.
Performance Appraisal and Team Effectiveness: A Moderated Mediation Model of Employee Retention and Employee Satisfaction

The changing business environment in the service sector requires service providers to adapt to the ongoing changes that incorporate more adaptability with a higher quality of service. Teamwork is an important aspect of working in the service sector as nowadays teamwork is seen as a fitting response to the changes in the business environment. Effective teamwork can help the service organizations to provide better quality service to its customers. The current study is an attempt to highlight the influence of performance appraisal (PA), employee satisfaction (ES) and employee retention (ER) on team effectiveness (TE) in the service sector. The analysis of the data was carried out using statistical tools, like the confirmatory factor analysis, and the structural equation modelling for elucidating the validity of the design. The results of the study show that PA and TE have a significant relation. ER acts as a partial mediator between PA and TE, and, on the other hand, ES acts as a moderator between PA and ER. The article provides key practical implications for the service sector in the state of Uttarakhand.
Social exchange as a key factor in shaping employees' attitudes towards the organization

Social exchange has a significantly shapes employees' attitudes towards organization. The aim of the study was to verify the mechanisms of the impact of perceived support received from the organization (POS) and supervisor (PSS), gratitude and organizational loyalty on the affective commitment of employees and the desire to leave it. 443 employees of one organization took part in the research. Following research tools were used: Overview of Perceived Organizational Support, Scale of Perceived Supervisor Support, Scale of Gratitude to the Organization, Scale of Organizational Loyalty, Organizational Commitment Scale and one measure of intention to leave the organization. POS mediated fully between PSS and employees' affective commitment, and partly between PSS and the desire to leave the organization. Gratitude to the organization and care about its positive image partly mediated between POS and PSS and the employees' affective commitment. Organizational loyalty was also a partial mediator between gratitude to the organization and affective commitment. The role of social exchange in shaping employees' attitudes towards the organization has been confirmed. One identified mechanisms, both of the direct impact of POS and PSS on affective commitment, and the indirect impact of these variables, through gratitude to the organization and care about its positive image. The role of gratitude and organizational loyalty for the willingness to leave the organization was also confirmed. (original abstract)
The pelvis as an anatomical indicator for facultative bipedality and substrate use in lepidosaurs

Facultative bipedality is regarded as an enigmatic middle ground in the evolution of obligate bipedality and is associated with high mechanical demands in extant lepidosaurs. Traits linked with this phenomenon are largely associated with the caudal end of the animal: hindlimbs and tail. The articulation of the pelvis with both of these structures suggests a morphofunctional role in the use of a facultative locomotor mode. Using a three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach, we examine the pelvic osteology and associated functional implications for 34 species of extant lepidosaur. Anatomical trends associated with the use of a bipedal locomotor mode and substrate preferences are correlated and functionally interpreted based on musculoskeletal descriptions. Changes in pelvic osteology associated with a facultatively bipedal locomotor mode are similar to those observed in species preferring arboreal substrates, indicating shared functionality between these ecologies.
Behaviour of diferent types of chitosan membranes implanted in horses

ABSTRACT Chitosan has been successfully used as a biomaterial with several purposes in many species. In this study, chitosan membranes were produced with six different types of materials, and their behavior were evaluated upon implantation in the subcutaneous tissue of the flank of twelve healthy horses. We assessed chitosan membranes obtained from commercial chitosan, impregnated or not with silver nanoparticles, sterilized with ethylene oxide (CCEO, n=3; CCSNEO, n=3) or by ultraviolet radiation (CCUR, n=3; CCSNUR, n=3), and chitosan membranes obtained from squid gladius, sterilized with ethylene oxide (SCEO, n=6) or by ultraviolet radiation (SCUR, n=6). The same animals were randomly used in two experimental groups, with a minimum interval of 60 days between procedures, respecting the fact of only one flank side, left or right, be under evaluation by experimental period. After preparation of the membranes and implantation in the flank subcutaneous tissue of the horses, macroscopic and ultrasonographic evaluations of the implant regions were performed, as well as physical examination, blood count and fibrinogen measurement. No clinical or laboratory abnormalities were observed. All animals that received commercial chitosan membranes, regardless of the preparation technique, showed rejection to the biomaterials, considering that 100% of the surgical wounds presented dehiscence of suture and expulsion of the implants. The animals that received squid gladius chitosan membranes showed success in the treatment, with healing by primary intention of the surgical wound. We conclude that squid gladius chitosan membranes are biocompatible and biodegradable when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the flank of healthy horses.
Pharmacognostic studies on folk medicinal herb xihuangcao

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xii CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Traditional Medicine and Folk Medicinal Herbs . 2 1.2 Background Information of Isodon and Xihuangcao . 4 1.3 Previous Studies on Xihuangcao . 6 1.3. 1 Origin Plants and Resources Survey of Xihuangcao . 6 1.3. 2 Authentication of Source Plants . 7 1.3. 3 Chemical Constituents . 8 1.3. 4 Pharmacological Studies . 18 1.3. 5 Quality Control . 20 1.3. 6 Other Studies . 21 1.4 Objectives and Design of This Study. 22 CHAPTER 2 TEXTUAL RESEARCH AND FIELD INVESTIGATION ON THE BOTANICAL ORIGINS . 23 2.1 Taxonomy of the Original Plants . 24 2.2 Botanical Origins of Xihuangcao Documented in Literatures . 29 2.2.1 In Herbal Documents . 29
A study of clinical profile of dengue fever in children

Background: Dengue is a major international health concern and is a major health problem in India which constantly threatens the health care system. The objective of the present study was to study the clinical profile of dengue fever in children. Methods: Prospective and descriptive study was conducted on all the laboratory confirmed cases of dengue fever in children admitted at SIMS and RC over a period of 1 year from December 2015 to November 2016. Results: Among 568 children studied, majority of them were males 63.3% and in the age group of 10-18 years 39.4%. The most common symptoms noticed were fever 90.1% followed by myalgia 88.3%,decreased appetite 88.2%, retroorbital pain in 84.5%, vomiting 84.1% and the least common symptoms noticed were convulsions 0.8% and altered sensorium 1%. The most common signs were skin rash 65.4% and ascites 31.6% and least common sign was spleenomegaly 8.4%. The most common complications seen were hepatic dysfunction 30.6% followed by shock 18.6% and pleural effusion 15.8%. The least complication noticed was encephalitis 0.7%. Death was nil in our study. Conclusions: This study concludes male children in the age group of 10 - 18 years were more affected. The common symptoms observed were fever, myalgia, decreased appetite and headache and commonest signs were skin rash and ascites. The common complications presented were hepatic dysfunction and shock with no mortality indicating the presence of less virulent organisms.
Adaptation and Learning Over Networks Under Subspace Constraints—Part II: Performance Analysis

Part I of this paper considered optimization problems over networks where agents have individual objectives to meet, or individual parameter vectors to estimate, subject to subspace constraints that require the objectives across the network to lie in low-dimensional subspaces. Starting from the centralized projected gradient descent, an iterative and distributed solution was proposed that responds to streaming data and employs stochastic approximations in place of actual gradient vectors, which are generally unavailable. We examined the second-order stability of the learning algorithm and we showed that, for small step-sizes <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>, the proposed strategy leads to small estimation errors on the order of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>. This Part II examines steady-state performance. The results reveal explicitly the influence of the gradient noise, data characteristics, and subspace constraints, on the network performance. The results also show that in the small step-size regime, the iterates generated by the distributed algorithm achieve the centralized steady-state performance.
Pleasure in the Daily Lives of People Living with Advanced Dementia in a Long-term Care Facility: A Multiple Case Study Approach

According to the Canadian Study of Health and Aging most of the 12,630 Canadians living with advanced dementia reside in long-term care facilities. This number is rising due to an aging population. The purpose of this study is to address an identified gap in our knowledge about what creates pleasure in people with advanced dementia, through first understanding family caregivers’ ways of eliciting and interpreting positive emotions in their relatives and then having the personal support worker (PSW) try these same approaches to see if similar responses are achieved. This study used a qualitative multiple case study design. Data collection methods included digitally recorded interviews and video-recorded observations of interactions between residents and caregivers. A case is defined as a resident with moderately to severely advanced dementia. Each case had two informants: a family member and a PSW meeting inclusion criterion. There were seven cases. The resident participants spanned a range from moderately advanced to severely advanced dementia. Data analysis used both inductive and deductive coding with sensitizing concepts of selfhood, personhood, continuity of personality and well-being.
Unethical Pro-organisational Behaviour: Concepts, Motives and Unintended Consequences

With the increase in diversity in the nature of job and human behavioural complicatedness, a new common phenomenon has emerged in workplaces termed as unethical pro-organisational behaviour which has succeeded to attract the attention of behavioural academicians. As a fairly new concept, there is lack of adequate research in this area of organisational psychology. The article mainly aims at discussing the motives for and the consequences of such behaviours with the help of existing literature available. The author argues that the organisations should express their intentions and actions in order to reduce such behavioural tendencies. The article is expected to help further research in this area by summarising the highlights from existing works available.