Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic analysis of open field chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) production in Punjab, Pakistan

Vegetable are a basic component of food security and necessary to meet the increasing food demand of increasing population. Present study was designed to explore the cost, revenue and modeling of revenue with different inputs in open field capsicum/bell pepper production in Punjab, Pakistan. Total 70 respondents were interviewed with stratified random sampling in 2014. Total cost (Rs. 277,064.82) was higher for small farmers and it was followed by large (Rs. 258,178.11) and medium (Rs. 256,496.42) farmers. Total production (21,209.27 kg acre -1 ), average price (Rs. 25.33 per kg) and revenue (Rs. 537,264.67 acre -1 ) were higher for small farmers. According to BCR, medium farmer received Rs. 2.02 by investing rupee one in this activity followed by small (Rs. 1.94) and large (Rs. 1.70) farmers. Result showed a positive impact on revenue due to education, experience in capsicum production, extension services and labor cost. The revenue coefficient was negative for land preparation and chemical cost. Model was appropriate according to R 2 (0.707) and f-value (16.006). Unstable prices, less extension services, disease attack and impure inputs were main problems. Government should eliminate these problems and improve the technical knowledge/training of farmers. Government should ensure the quality of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, sprays and seed. Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan 1 , Qamar Ali 2,* , Muhammad Ashfaq 3 and Muhammad Waseem 4
On Advances in Deep Learning with Applications in Financial Market Modeling

This dissertation focuses on advancing the machine learning, with a particular focus on the application for financial trading. It is organized into two parts. The first part of this dissertation (Chapters 1-2) will be concerned with the application of predictive modeling on stock market prediction. Chapter 1 presents the basics of machine learning and deep learning. In Chapter 2, we combine several recent advances in deep learning to build a hybrid model to forecast the stock prices, that gives us the ability to learn from various aspects of the related information. In particular, we take a deep look at the representation learning and temporal convolutional network for sequential modeling. With representation learning, we derived an embedding called Stock2Vec, which gives us insight for the relationship among different stocks, while the temporal convolutional layers are used for automatically capturing effective temporal patterns both within and across series. Our hybrid framework integrates both advantages and achieves better performance on the stock price prediction task than several popular benchmarked models. In the second part of this dissertation (Chapters 3 6), we turn our focus to the topics of reinforcement learning. In Chapter 3, we provide the necessary mathematical and theoretical preliminaries in reinforcement learning, as well as several recent advances in deep Q-networks (DQNs) that we would apply later. In Chapters 4 and 5, we aim at algorithmically improving the convergence of training in reinforcement learning, with theoretical analysis and empirical experiments. One prominent challenge in reinforcement learning is the tradeoff between exploration and exploitation. In deep Q-networks (DQNs), this is usually addressed by monotonically decreasing the exploration rate yet is often unsatisfactory. In Chapter 4, we propose to encourage exploration by resetting the exploration rate when it
Workplace Bullying in Healthcare: A Qualitative Analysis of Bystander Experiences

Bystander action has been proposed as a promising intervention to tackle workplace bullying, however there is a lack of in-depth qualitative research on the direct experiences of bystanders. In this paper, we developed a more comprehensive definition of bullying bystanders, and examined first person accounts from healthcare professionals who had been bystanders to workplace bullying. These perspectives highlighted factors that influence the type and the extent of support bystanders may offer to targets. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 43 healthcare professionals who were working in the UK, of which 24 had directly witnessed bullying. The data were transcribed and analysed using Thematic Analysis. The analysis identified four themes that describe factors that influence the type and extent of support bystanders offer to targets of bullying: (a) the negative impact of witnessing bullying on bystanders, (b) perceptions of target responsibility, (c) fear of repercussions, and (d) bystander awareness. Our findings illustrate that, within the healthcare setting, bystanders face multiple barriers to offering support to targets and these factors need to be considered in the wider context of implementing bystander interventions in healthcare settings.
Characterization of various metal nanoparticles by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry: possibilities and limitations with regard to size and shape

Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) is a promising technique for metal nanoparticle (NP) size characterization and differentiation from ions. However, so far only spherical gold (Au) and silver (Ag) NPs have been investigated. Therefore, in this work, non-spherical Au and Ag NPs, like rods and prisms, as well as other metal nanoparticles, like palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) were examined. In the same way as previously shown for Au and Ag, nZVI can be distinguished from ionic Fe(III) due to a significant shift of absorbance signals to later times, i.e. by evaluation of the recently introduced parameter ‘atomization delay’ (tad). However, both iron species show the same behaviour regarding increasing iron concentration: tad is constant while the appearance time (tAP) decreases. Furthermore, rod-shaped Au NPs and Ag nanoplates can be distinguished from the ionic form. A form discrimination, however, is not possible, since rods and plates are converted to spheres during the temperature program prior to atomization in the graphite furnace tube. The determined diameters of these in situ formed spheres are in good agreement with theoretical ones and diameters determined by scanning electron measurements (SEM). Hence, instead of one-dimensional parameters like width or length, volumes of the initial, non-spherical NPs can be determined by GFAAS. For Pd and Pt neither a differentiation between ions and NPs is possible nor a size discrimination of NPs.
Relationship between mobility and strain in CVD graphene on h-BN

This study examines the relationship between the electrical properties and Raman spectra of field effect transistors (FETs) produced using chemical vapor deposited (CVD) graphene transferred onto hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) structures. Carrier mobility values were calculated based on the electrical properties of the fabricated FETs, where the highest carrier mobility was 39 989 cm2/Vs. Carrier mobility increased with a decrease in the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 2D-band peak of CVD graphene. A linear relationship with a slope of 2.18 between the G-band and 2D-band peak positions was detected, indicating that a uniaxial strain existed in the CVD graphene FETs. Based on the peak shifts in the 2D-band, it was determined that both compressive and tensile strains were responsible for limiting carrier mobility. Ultimately, the analysis of peak positions and FWHMs of 2D-bands enabled us to evaluate the uniformity of electrical properties of CVD graphene without fabricating specialized measurement devices.
Modeling portfolio loss by interval distributions

Models for a continuous risk outcome has a wide application in portfolio risk management and capital allocation. We introduce a family of interval distributions based on variable transformations. Densities for these distributions are provided. Models with a random effect, targeting a continuous risk outcome, can then be fitted by maximum likelihood approaches assuming an interval distribution. Given fixed effects, regression function can be estimated and derived accordingly when required. This provides an alternative regression tool to the fraction response model and Beta regression model.
Tree Community Phenodynamics and Its Relationship with Climatic Conditions in a Lowland Tropical Rainforest

The timing, duration, magnitude and synchronicity of plant life cycles are fundamental aspects of community dynamics and ecosystem functioning, and information on phenodynamics is essential for accurate vegetation classification and modeling. Here, we recorded the vegetative and reproductive phenodynamics of 479 individuals belonging to 182 tree species monthly over two years in a lowland Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, and assessed the relationship between local climatic conditions and the occurrence and intensity of phenophases. We found a constant but low intensity of occurrence of both leaf fall and leaf flush with respect to canopy cover, resulting in an evergreen cover throughout the year. The timing of the reproductive phenophases was irregular between the two years of observation, and their amplitude was low. In addition, flowering and fruiting phenograms of activity, intensity and intensity corrected by the basal area did not overlap. These results suggest that a combination of phenological records and community-structure parameters allows for the obtainment of more accurate estimates of resource availability over time. We found that differences in growing degree-days (GDD), photoperiod and precipitation over time were related to temporal variation in leaf fall, leaf flush and flowering, with a large consistency in responses across tree species in this lowland Atlantic Forest. Moreover, there was only a weak relationship between climatic conditions and the dynamics of fruit formation and ripening, which were more strongly related to flowering phenodynamics, which is suggestive of indirect effects of climatic conditions on fruiting. Finally, the association we found between the number of days with precipitation and leaf fall dynamics agrees with the view that the greater potential for extreme events may impair plant growth in tropical forests. This reinforces the growing concerns regarding the risk of ecological collapse of tropical forests due to fragmentation and global climate change.
In-vitro Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Green Coffee Beans Extract

The main objective of this article is to analyze the efficacy of polyphonic compounds, especially Chlorogenic Acid in anti-obesity and anticancer. Overweight and obesity became severe global health issues in all sex and age groups respectively according to WHO, this is the significant risk factors for several chronic illnesses this is increasing from recent decades, due to lifestyle changes intake of food lack of proper healthcare particularly in urban communities. According to the India Council of Medical Research (ICMR), more than 1300 Indians die every day due to cancer, especially Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and malignant melanoma are primary skin cancers. This research aims to help anti-obese and anticancer by providing health benefits of green Coffee. The ethnobotanical study proved that green coffee beans of Coffee Robusta variety have significant medicinal properties, which are essential for the human diet. In vitro results showed that high free radical scavenging activity with IC50 towards DPPH 30. 99μg/mL ABTS0.83 μg/mL, Alpha-amylase 31.75 μg/mL, MTT assay 101.26 μg/mL and Anti-obesity activity 33.34 μg/mL respectively. In conclusion, more in vivo and in vitro experimental studies are required to understand the full use of the extract in the prevention of lethal diseases. Original Research Article Polamuri et al.; AFSJ, 17(2): 24-35, 2020; Article no.AFSJ. 59254 25
Intraspecific and intergeneric behavioural interactions of Sphaerodactylus kirbyi and Gonatodes daudini (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) on Union Island, St. Vincent and Grenadines

In June 2010, on Union Island, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, we staged intraspecific and intergeneric interactions between Sphaerodactylus kirbyi and Gonatodes daudini (Sphaerodactylidae), which occur in sympatry and occasional syntopy on the slopes above Chatham Bay. Frequencies of most behaviours and frequencies of aggressive, submissive, and neutral behaviours did not differ significantly between sexes within species or between the two species. In general, the behavioural repertoires of the two species were similar to those previously described for congeners. Visual cues appeared to be important in sexand species-recognition, although vomerolfaction seemed to assume an increasing level of importance with proximity. Intergeneric interactions generally involved behaviours employed for species recognition, with neither species exhibiting aggressive behaviours that might facilitate niche partitioning.
Enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Estudio por Western blot de 25 casos

Background: transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prionopathies) are neurodegenerative disorders caused by an agent, the prion, which is supposed to consist exclusively of a protein. Objective: to report the Western blot typing results in a series of 25 CJD cases included in the Vigo Brain Bank (BTN-Vigo) in the 2002-2008 period, and to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation. Patients and methods: twenty-five genetically characterized cases have been studied by means of histological, immunohistochemical and Western blot methods applied to representative brain areas, using standardized protocols. Results: based on Western blot protein band patterns and on codon 129 polymorphism, five groups of cases were identified. The so-called classic form of CJD was found in 10 MM1 and three MM2 cases, with no case corresponding to the MM2 sporadic form of fatal insomnia. Cases with valine in codon 129 (both MV2 and VV2) showed the so-called “ataxic variant” phenotype, with a predominance of cerebellar involvement. In one familial CJD case, the most common prion strain in such cases (type 1B) was identified. Conclusions: Western blot analysis allows prion strain identification in all cases and is recommended to study prionopathies. Western blot results, combined with codon 129 polymorphism, show a clear correlation with phenotypic features of the disease. (Alzheimer. Real Invest Demenc. 2009;42:4-13)
The In vitro study of epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection to human primary T-Lymphocytes

Although the presence of EBV in different T-cell malignancies is now widely reported, there are few reports about the interactions of EBV with human peripheral T cells, especially during the early phase of infection or before the diseases progresses. In this study, we have clearly demonstrated the capability of EBV to infect and replicate in human peripheral T cells in vitro and demonstrated the early events after T cell infection by EBV. The infection leads to the activation of the replicative cycle which was supported by the expression of several EBV lytic transcripts (including immediate early (BZLF1), early (BALF5) and late (BLLF1and BcLF1)), the expression of late lytic proteins (VCA and gp350/220) and the release of virus particles. Primary EBV infection of T cell resulted in the upregulation of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) production, the hyper-induction of interferonγ (IFN-γ) secretion and the death of T cells. The lack of CD21 mRNA expression implied that CD21 molecules might not have a role in EBV internalisation into human peripheral T
Bayesian Approach for X-Ray and Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy

The rapidly improving performance of inelastic scattering instruments has prompted tremendous advances in our knowledge of the high-frequency dynamics of disordered systems, yet also imposing new demands to the data analysis and interpretation. This ongoing effort is likely to reach soon an impasse, unless new protocols are developed in the data modeling. This need stems from the increasingly detailed information sought for in typical line shape measurements, which often touches or crosses the boundaries imposed by the limited experimental accuracy. Given this scenario, the risk of a bias and an over-parametrized data modeling represents a concrete threat for further advances in the field. Being aware of the severity of the problem, we illustrate here the new hopes brought in this area by Bayesian inference methods. Making reference to recent literature results, we dem-onstrate the superior ability of these methods in providing a probabilistic and evidence-based modeling of experimental data. Most importantly, this approach can enable hypothesis test involving competitive line shape models and is intrinsically equipped with natural antidotes against the risk of over-parametrization as it naturally enforces the Occam maximum parsimony principle, which favors intrinsically simple models over overly complex ones.
Unit commitment direct current optimal power flow using mixed-integer linear programming

This paper presents unit commitment direct current optimal power flow (UCDCOPF) using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for daily power system generation planning. This method is used to solve optimum operation in an electric power system by scheduling generator status and calculating the optimal power output of each generator in a power system. The calculation of this method considers several constraints in the power system. A modified IEEE 24 bus system is used as a test system to show the ability of the proposed approach.
Functional drug susceptibility testing based on biophysical measurements predicts patient outcome in glioblastoma patient-derived neurosphere models

Functional precision medicine aims to match each cancer patient to the most effective treatment by performing ex vivo drug susceptibility testing on the patient’s tumor cells. Despite promising feasibility studies, functional drug susceptibility testing is not yet used in clinical oncology practice to make treatment decisions. Often, functional testing approaches have measured ex vivo drug response using metabolic assays such as CellTiter-Glo, which measures ATP as a proxy for numbers of viable cells. As a complement to these existing metabolic drug response assays, we evaluated whether biophysical assays based on cell mass (the suspended microchannel resonator mass assay) or size as measured by microscopy (the IncuCyte assay) could be used as a readout for ex vivo drug response. Using these biophysical assays, we profiled the ex vivo temozolomide responses of a retrospective cohort of 70 glioblastoma patient-derived neurosphere models with matched clinical outcomes and found that both biophysical assays predicted patients’ overall survival with similar power to MGMT promoter methylation, the clinical gold standard biomarker for predicting temozolomide response in glioblastoma. These findings suggest that biophysical assays could be a useful complement to existing metabolic approaches as “universal biomarkers” to measure sensitivity or resistance to anti-cancer drugs with a wide variety of cytostatic or cytotoxic mechanisms. One-sentence summary By using biophysical assays to perform ex vivo drug susceptibility testing on 70 glioblastoma patient-derived neurosphere models, we find that functional testing predicts the duration that patients survive when treated with temozolomide, the standard of care chemotherapy.
A Novel Grid-Based Data Broadcasting Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

A run-of-the-mill remote sensor arrange comprises numerous vitality compelled sensor hubs that are arbitrarily sent is the sensor field. Vitality is one of the most significant parts of planning an information dispersal convention for applications, for example, war zone checking, living space observing, and so on. We present EGDD, an Energy-effective Grid-based Data Dissemination plot for arbitrarily conveyed remote sensor systems. The proposed conspire is vitality effective for dealing with both sink and source portability. EGDD depends on a virtual framework-based foundation for information scattering from various versatile sources to different portable sinks. The virtual lattice of square size is built by the main source showing up in the sensor field dependent on the remaining vitality of the sensor hubs. Moreover, we proposed an askew sending calculation for inquiry and information sending which guarantees that just a single spread hub advances the question and information at once. In EGDD, substitute scattering hubs are chosen ahead of time during the lattice development procedure and the least limit vitality level is characterized for spread hubs. When the vitality of a dispersal hub arrives at the base edge esteem, it is supplanted by another spread hub. The reenactment results show that the proposed EGDD conspire is more vitality proficient when contrasted with other information scattering conventions.
Background selection and the statistics of population differentiation: consequences for detecting local adaptation

Background selection is a process whereby recurrent deleterious mutations cause a decrease in the effective population size and genetic diversity at linked loci. Several authors have suggested that variation in the intensity of background selection could cause variation in FST across the genome, which could confound signals of local adaptation in genome scans. We performed realistic simulations of DNA sequences, using parameter estimates from humans and sticklebacks, to investigate how variation in the intensity of background selection affects different statistics of population differentiation. We show that, in populations connected by gene flow, Weir & Cockerham’s (1984) estimator of FST is largely insensitive to locus-to-locus variation in the intensity of background selection. Unlike FST, however, dXY is negatively correlated with background selection. We also show that background selection does not greatly affect the false positive rate in FST outlier studies. Overall, our study indicates that background selection will not greatly interfere with finding the variants responsible for local adaptation.
Estado del arte: sistema sostenible que disminuya el impacto de los gases efecto invernadero en los sectores industriales, de transporte y metalmecánicos

En contexto concretamente colombiana, es el Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo territorial, el órgano encargo de desarrollar las políticas de producción y consume con enfoque a la sostenibilidad, con las cuales se busca velar por la protección y cuidado del medioambiente mediante la adopción de estrategias de producción más limpia y logística inversa, además de impulsar la competitividad de las empresas nacionales y sentar las bases de una cultura de consumo inteligente (Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, 2010).
Study of a Standardized Plant Extract Used as an Anti-Inflammatory Drug to Reduce Joint Pain

This study was to demonstrate the role of a natural anti-inflammatory, in reducing pain, inflammatory process and increasing joint mobility in elderly patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis off knee affect the articular cartilage, but also the articular capsule, leading to disability. This natural anti-inflammatory has a complex composition: extract de Boswellia serrata 300 mg, extract de curcuma 100 mg, extract Pinus pinaster 80 mg și extract de Zingiber officinale 40 mg. The combination of herbal products, which have no side effects, with electrotherapy and kinetotherapy can be a real success in this category of patients, also influencing their well-being.