Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise for low back pain: A bibliometric analysis of global research from 1980 to 2018.

OBJECTIVE To make a bibliometric analysis of global trends in research into exercise interventions for low back pain between 1980 and 2018. METHODS Systematic literature, published from 1980 to 2018, was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace software was used to analyse the relationship between publications and country, institution, journals, authors, references, and key words. RESULTS A total of 1,140 publications were included in the analysis. Over the period studied there was an increase in the number of publications. A total of 276 academic journals focused on the categories Rehabilitation, Orthopedics, and Sports Science. The USA and the University of Sydney were the most productive country and institution, respectively. Spine, which is the main journal for research into exercise for managing low back pain, had the most publications. Burst key words showed that the stability, balance, and gait of individuals with low back pain have become the frontier of research. CONCLUSION Overall, studies on exercise for low back pain have increased in number in the last 4 decades. This historical overview of research into exercise interventions for low back pain will be a useful basis for further research into potential collaborators, focus issues, and research frontiers.
Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy with Atomoxetine

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of atomoxetine in Korean children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of 105 children and adolescents with epilepsy treated with atomoxetine. Effectiveness was measured with the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) and/or Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scales at baseline, and after 4 and 12 weeks. We defined response to atomoxetine as a CGI-I score less than three at week 12. Safety was evaluated at each visit, based on clinical assessment by a child and adolescent psychiatrist and reports from participants or their caregivers. Results In total participants (n=105), 33 (31.4%) showed a response to treatment: a significant decrease in CGI-S scale score was observed over 12 weeks of atomoxetine treatment. The most common adverse event (AE) was decreased appetite (n=16, 15.2%), and life-threatening AEs were not observed. Seizure aggravation due to atomoxetine was observed in 7.6% (n=8) of total participants, and one of them discontinued atomoxetine. Conclusion Our results provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness and safety of atomoxetine in children and adolescents with epilepsy.
Neutrophil-Airway Epithelial Interactions Result in Increased Epithelial Damage and Viral Clearance during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

This study shows that the RSV-infected human airway drives changes in the behavior of human neutrophils, including increasing activation markers and delaying apoptosis, that result in greater airway damage and viral clearance. ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of pediatric respiratory disease. Large numbers of neutrophils are recruited into the airways of children with severe RSV disease. It is not clear whether or how neutrophils enhance recovery from disease or contribute to its pathology. Using an in vitro model of the differentiated airway epithelium, we found that the addition of physiological concentrations of neutrophils to RSV-infected nasal cultures was associated with greater epithelial damage with lower ciliary activity, cilium loss, less tight junction expression (ZO-1), and more detachment of epithelial cells than is seen with RSV infection alone. This was also associated with a decrease in infectious virus and fewer RSV-positive cells in cultures after neutrophil exposure than in preexposure cultures. Epithelial damage in response to RSV infection was associated with neutrophil activation (within 1 h) and neutrophil degranulation, with significantly greater cellular expression of CD11b and myeloperoxidase and higher levels of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase activity in apical surface media than in media with mock-infected airway epithelial cells (AECs). We also recovered more apoptotic neutrophils from RSV-infected cultures (>40%) than from mock-infected cultures (<5%) after 4 h. The results of this study could provide important insights into the role of neutrophils in host response in the airway. IMPORTANCE This study shows that the RSV-infected human airway drives changes in the behavior of human neutrophils, including increasing activation markers and delaying apoptosis, that result in greater airway damage and viral clearance.
Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foundation Global Study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Although functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), now called disorders of gut-brain interaction, have major economic effects on healthcare systems and adversely affect quality of life, little is known about their global prevalence and distribution. We investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with 22 FGIDs, in 33 countries on 6 continents. METHODS Data were collected via the internet in 24 countries, personal interviews in 7 countries, and both in 2 countries, using the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, Rome III irritable bowel syndrome questions, and 80 items to identify variables associated with FGIDs. Data collection methods differed for internet and household groups, so data analyses were conducted and reported separately. RESULTS Among the 73,076 adult respondents (49.5% women), diagnostic criteria were met for at least 1 FGID by 40.7% persons who completed the internet surveys (95% CI, 40.2-41.1) and 20.9% of persons who completed the household surveys. FGIDs were more prevalent among women than men, based on responses to the internet survey (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.6-1.7) and household survey (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.3-1.5). FGIDs were associated with lower quality of life and more frequent doctor visits. Proportions of subjects with irritable bowel syndrome were lower when the Rome IV criteria were used, compared with the Rome III criteria, in the internet survey (4.1% vs 10.1%) and household survey (1.5% vs 3.5%). CONCLUSIONS In a large-scale multi-national study, we found that more than 40% of persons worldwide have FGIDs, which affect quality of life and healthcare use. Although the absolute prevalence was higher among internet respondents, similar trends and relative distributions were found in people who completed internet vs personal interviews.
Validation of a province-wide commercial food store dataset in a heterogeneous predominantly rural food environment

Abstract Objective: Commercially available business (CAB) datasets for food environments have been investigated for error in large urban contexts and some rural areas, but there is a relative dearth of literature that reports error across regions of variable rurality. The objective of the current study was to assess the validity of a CAB dataset using a government dataset at the provincial scale. Design: A ground-truthed dataset provided by the government of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) was used to assess a popular commercial dataset. Concordance, sensitivity, positive-predictive value (PPV) and geocoding errors were calculated. Measures were stratified by store types and rurality to investigate any association between these variables and database accuracy. Setting: NL, Canada. Participants: The current analysis used store-level (ecological) data. Results: Of 1125 stores, there were 380 stores that existed in both datasets and were considered true-positive stores. The mean positional error between a ground-truthed and test point was 17·72 km. When compared with the provincial dataset of businesses, grocery stores had the greatest agreement, sensitivity = 0·64, PPV = 0·60 and concordance = 0·45. Gas stations had the least agreement, sensitivity = 0·26, PPV = 0·32 and concordance = 0·17. Only 4 % of commercial data points in rural areas matched every criterion examined. Conclusions: The commercial dataset exhibits a low level of agreement with the ground-truthed provincial data. Particularly retailers in rural areas or belonging to the gas station category suffered from misclassification and/or geocoding errors. Taken together, the commercial dataset is differentially representative of the ground-truthed reality based on store-type and rurality/urbanity.
Directional Light Emission from Layered Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals.

Metal halide perovskites are being increasingly explored for use in light emitting diodes (LEDs), with achievements in efficiency and brightness charted across the spectrum. One path to further boosting the fraction of useful photons generated by injected electrical charges will be to tailor the emission patterns of devices. Here we investigate directional emission from layered metal halide perovskites. We quantify the proportion of in-plane versus out-of-plane transition dipole components for a suite of layered perovskites. We find that certain perovskite single crystals have highly anisotropic emissions and up to 90% of their transition dipole in-plane. For thin films, emission anisotropy increases as the nominal layer thickness decreases and is generally greater with butylammonium cations than with phenethylammonium cations. Numerical simulations reveal that anisotropic emission from layered perovskites in thin film LEDs may lead to external quantum efficiencies of 45%-an absolute gain of 13% over equivalent films with isotropic emitters.
Recent Advances in Manufacturing Innovative Stents

Cardiovascular diseases are the most distributed cause of death worldwide. Stenting of arteries as a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty procedure became a promising minimally invasive therapy based on re-opening narrowed arteries by stent insertion. In order to improve and optimize this method, many research groups are focusing on designing new or improving existent stents. Since the beginning of the stent development in 1986, starting with bare-metal stents (BMS), these devices have been continuously enhanced by applying new materials, developing stent coatings based on inorganic and organic compounds including drugs, nanoparticles or biological components such as genes and cells, as well as adapting stent designs with different fabrication technologies. Drug eluting stents (DES) have been developed to overcome the main shortcomings of BMS or coated stents. Coatings are mainly applied to control biocompatibility, degradation rate, protein adsorption, and allow adequate endothelialization in order to ensure better clinical outcome of BMS, reducing restenosis and thrombosis. As coating materials (i) organic polymers: polyurethanes, poly(ε-caprolactone), styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene, polyhydroxybutyrates, poly(lactide-co-glycolide), and phosphoryl choline; (ii) biological components: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-CD34 antibody and (iii) inorganic coatings: noble metals, wide class of oxides, nitrides, silicide and carbide, hydroxyapatite, diamond-like carbon, and others are used. DES were developed to reduce the tissue hyperplasia and in-stent restenosis utilizing antiproliferative substances like paclitaxel, limus (siro-, zotaro-, evero-, bio-, amphi-, tacro-limus), ABT-578, tyrphostin AGL-2043, genes, etc. The innovative solutions aim at overcoming the main limitations of the stent technology, such as in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis, while maintaining the prime requirements on biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical behavior. This paper provides an overview of the existing stent types, their functionality, materials, and manufacturing conditions demonstrating the still huge potential for the development of promising stent solutions.
Exact flow of particles using for state estimations in unmanned aerial systems` navigation

The navigation is a substantial issue in the field of robotics. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a principle for many autonomous navigation applications, particularly in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied environments. Many SLAM methods made substantial contributions to improve its accuracy, cost, and efficiency. Still, it is a considerable challenge to manage robust SLAM, and there exist several attempts to find better estimation algorithms for it. In this research, we proposed a novel Bayesian filtering based Airborne SLAM structure for the first time in the literature. We also presented the mathematical background of the algorithm, and the SLAM model of an autonomous aerial vehicle. Simulation results emphasize that the new Airborne SLAM performance with the exact flow of particles using for recursive state estimations superior to other approaches emerged before, in terms of accuracy and speed of convergence. Nevertheless, its computational complexity may cause real-time application concerns, particularly in high-dimensional state spaces. However, in Airborne SLAM, it can be preferred in the measurement environments that use low uncertainty sensors because it gives more successful results by eliminating the problem of degeneration seen in the particle filter structure.
Magnetically Powered Biodegradable Microswimmers

The propulsive efficiency and biodegradability of wireless microrobots play a significant role in facilitating promising biomedical applications. Mimicking biological matters is a promising way to improve the performance of microrobots. Among diverse locomotion strategies, undulatory propulsion shows remarkable efficiency and agility. This work proposes a novel magnetically powered and hydrogel-based biodegradable microswimmer. The microswimmer is fabricated integrally by 3D laser lithography based on two-photon polymerization from a biodegradable material and has a total length of 200 μm and a diameter of 8 μm. The designed microswimmer incorporates a novel design utilizing four rigid segments, each of which is connected to the succeeding segment by spring to achieve undulation, improving structural integrity as well as simplifying the fabrication process. Under an external oscillating magnetic field, the microswimmer with multiple rigid segments connected by flexible spring can achieve undulatory locomotion and move forward along with the directions guided by the external magnetic field in the low Reynolds number (Re) regime. In addition, experiments demonstrated that the microswimmer can be degraded successfully, which allows it to be safely applied in real-time in vivo environments. This design has great potential in future in vivo applications such as precision medicine, drug delivery, and diagnosis.
Rapid identification of chemical compositions in callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole orbitrap high resolution accurate mass spectrometry.

Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun is a traditional Chinese medicine showed various therapeutic effects. Despite its wide use in Chinese medicine, the study is still quite limited, especially its chemical compositions. In this research, an ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution accurate mass spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry method, was utilized to analyze its chemical compositions for the first time. As a result, totally of 124 compounds, including 20 phenylethanoid glycosides, 31 flavonoids, 36 organic acids, 26 terpenoids and 11 phenols, were identified or tentatively characterized in 30 min. Among them, 49 compounds, including 5 phenylethanoid glycosides, 12 flavonoids, 16 organic acids, 12 terpenoids and 4 phenols, were identified in Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun for the first time. Besides, the fragmentation pathways were also discussed. This research established a rapid and reliable method to analyze the chemical compositions of complicated herb without the process of isolation, and provide abundant information on the chemical material basis for further bioactivity and quality control studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Understanding the Hsp90 N-Terminal Dynamics: Structural and Molecular Insights into the Therapeutic Activities of Anticancer Inhibitors Radicicol (RD) and Radicicol Derivative (NVP-YUA922)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a crucial component in carcinogenesis and serves as a molecular chaperone that facilitates protein maturation whilst protecting cells against temperature-induced stress. The function of Hsp90 is highly dependent on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding to the N-terminal domain of the protein. Thus, inhibition through displacement of ATP by means of competitive binding with a suitable organic molecule is considered an attractive topic in cancer research. Radicicol (RD) and its derivative, resorcinylic isoxazole amine NVP-AUY922 (NVP), have shown promising pharmacodynamics against Hsp90 activity. To date, the underlying binding mechanism of RD and NVP has not yet been investigated. In this study, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the binding mechanism of RD and NVP, from an atomistic perspective. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations enabled the analyses of the compounds’ electronic properties and results obtained proved to be significant in which NVP was predicted to be more favorable with solvation free energy value of −23.3 kcal/mol and highest stability energy of 75.5 kcal/mol for a major atomic delocalization. Molecular dynamic (MD) analysis revealed NVP bound to Hsp90 (NT-NVP) is more stable in comparison to RD (NT-RD). The Hsp90 protein exhibited a greater binding affinity for NT-NVP (−49.4 ± 3.9 kcal/mol) relative to NT-RD (−28.9 ± 4.5 kcal/mol). The key residues influential in this interaction are Gly 97, Asp 93 and Thr 184. These findings provide valuable insights into the Hsp90 dynamics and will serve as a guide for the design of potent novel inhibitors for cancer treatment.
The role of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiovascular diseases

The process of mitochondrial dynamics is emerging as a core player in cardiovascular homeostasis. This process refers to the co‐ordinated cycles of biogenesis, fusion, fission and degradation to which mitochondria constantly undergo to maintain their integrity, distribution and size. These mechanisms represent an early response to mitochondrial stress, confining organelle portions that are irreversibly damaged and preserving mitochondrial function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that impairment in mitochondrial dynamics leads to myocardial damage and cardiac disease progression in a variety of disease models, including pressure overload, ischaemia/reperfusion and metabolic disturbance. These findings suggest that modulation of mitochondrial dynamics may be considered as a valid therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we discuss the current evidence about the role of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac pathophysiology, with a particular focus on the mechanisms underlying the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, metabolic and genetic cardiomyopathies, ischaemia/reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis and ischaemic stroke.
Dbf4-Dependent Kinase (DDK)-Mediated Proteolysis of CENP-A Prevents Mislocalization of CENP-A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The evolutionarily conserved centromeric histone H3 variant (Cse4 in budding yeast, CENP-A in humans) is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. Mislocalization of CENP-A to non-centromeric chromatin contributes to chromosomal instability (CIN) in yeast, fly, and human cells and CENP-A is highly expressed and mislocalized in cancers. Defining mechanisms that prevent mislocalization of CENP-A is an area of active investigation. Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of overexpressed Cse4 (GALCSE4) by E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Psh1 prevents mislocalization of Cse4, and psh1Δ strains display synthetic dosage lethality (SDL) with GALCSE4. We previously performed a genome-wide screen and identified five alleles of CDC7 and DBF4 that encode the Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) complex, which regulates DNA replication initiation, among the top twelve hits that displayed SDL with GALCSE4. We determined that cdc7-7 strains exhibit defects in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of Cse4 and show mislocalization of Cse4. Mutation of MCM5 (mcm5-bob1) bypasses the requirement of Cdc7 for replication initiation and rescues replication defects in a cdc7-7 strain. We determined that mcm5-bob1 does not rescue the SDL and defects in proteolysis of GALCSE4 in a cdc7-7 strain, suggesting a DNA replication-independent role for Cdc7 in Cse4 proteolysis. The SDL phenotype, defects in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and the mislocalization pattern of Cse4 in a cdc7-7 psh1Δ strain were similar to that of cdc7-7 and psh1Δ strains, suggesting that Cdc7 regulates Cse4 in a pathway that overlaps with Psh1. Our results define a DNA replication initiation-independent role of DDK as a regulator of Psh1-mediated proteolysis of Cse4 to prevent mislocalization of Cse4.
Trends in Management and Outcomes Among Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma Undergoing Radical Cystectomy from 1995 to 2015: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Experience.

PURPOSE To evaluate trends in oncologic characteristics and outcomes, as well as perioperative management, among patients undergoing radical cystectomy at Memorial Sloan Kettering from 1995 to 2015. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database to analyze changes in disease recurrence probability, cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, incidence of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, use of perioperative chemotherapy, rate of positive soft-tissue surgical margins, and lymph node yield. RESULTS In 2,740 patients with non-metastatic urothelial carcinoma undergoing radical cystectomy from 1995 to 2015, the 5-year probability of disease recurrence decreased from a peak of 42% in 1997 to 34% in 2013 (p=0.045), while 5-year probability of cancer-specific mortality likewise declined from 36% in 1997 to 24% in 2013 (p=0.009). Incidence of non-muscle-invasive disease before radical cystectomy did not change, comprising 30%-35% of patients across the study period. Use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy rose significantly: 57% of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer from 2010 to 2015 received it. We observed a corresponding rise in complete pathologic response (pT0) at radical cystectomy, as well as decreasing positive soft-tissue surgical margins (10% to 2.5%) and rising lymph node yield (7 to 24) from 1995 to 2015. CONCLUSIONS Over a 21-year period, outcomes after radical cystectomy at our institution improved significantly, as probability of recurrence and cancer-specific mortality decreased. Increasing utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, rising pT0 rates, decreased positive soft-tissue surgical margins, and increasing lymph node yields likely contributed, suggesting that optimized surgical and perioperative care led to improved cancer outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.