Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Interleukin-1 on Venous Endothelium – An Ultrastructural Study

Summary The effect of systemic interleukin-1 (IL-1) on venous endothelium in the presence and absence of stasis has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Recombinant human IL-1β at a concentration of 1 εg/kg or saline was injected intravenously into rabbits and allowed to circulate for 0.5 or 4.0 h after which complete stasis was induced for 1 h in an isolated segment of each jugular vein. One vein segment was then excised and the contents examined macroscopically for thrombi, while the other segment was fixed for SEM examination. When examined by SEM the endothelium from rabbits injected with IL-1β was perturbed with increased surface microvilli, blebs and gaps at cell junctions when compared with saline controls. Fibrin deposition was also observed after IL-1β, as was the adherence of essentially non-activated platelets to intact endothelium. However, macroscopic thrombi were not formed in isolated vein segments. We conclude that although fibrin strands and platelets were deposited on the endothelium, IL-1 is not a sufficiently powerful procoagulant stimulus to lead to an occlusive thrombus in acute experiments.
Modifications mécaniques et biologiques induites dans des cellules en culture par application locale d'une force contrôlée

Les proprietes mecaniques des cellules adherentes ont une importance capitale pour l'ensemble de leurs fonctions : division, migration, differenciation, etc. De plus, on sait desormais qu'elles sont tres sensibles aux caracteristiques mecaniques de leur substrat, auquel elles sont ancrees par l'intermediaire des integrines. Ces recepteurs transmembranaires lient indirectement le cytosquelette d'actine intracellulaire aux proteines de la matrice extracellulaire. Nous avons concu un dispositif de pinces optiques controlees par une boucle de retroaction, qui permet d'appliquer aux cellules une force locale constante, via des microbilles liees aux integrines. Nous pouvons ainsi mesurer la fonction de fluage de chaque cellule et en tirer une estimation de sa rigidite. Des observations simultanees en epifluorescence permettent par ailleurs d'evaluer les effets de l'application de la force sur la repartition d'actine locale. Nous avons constate que les cellules se rigidifient sous l'application prolongee d'une force, tout en gardant le meme comportement rheologique : une fonction de fluage en loi de puissance du temps, J(t) = Atα, ou A decroit aux temps longs. Cette rigidification est couplee a un recrutement d'actine au niveau des contacts et au sein du reseau cytsoquelettique (jusqu'a plusieurs um du point d'application de la force). De plus, les dynamiques de ces deux phenomenes semblent fortement correlees. Ce travail presente une evaluation de la dynamique de renforcement cellulaire sous contrainte, et ouvre des perspectives prometteuses vers l'elucidation des phenomenes intervenant dans la mecanotransduction.
OF PHARMACEUTICS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY Antifungal Pharmacology : A Review

1Research Scholar, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Madhya Pradesh, India. 2Gland Pharma Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. 3East West College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. 4Prof. C. N. Rao Center for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572 103, Karnataka, India 5Tadimety Aromatics Pvt. Ltd, Hirehally Industrial Area, Tumkur-572168, Karnataka, India
Discontinuation of medications 1 month after an acute myocardial infarction increased risk for death at 12 months.

M e t h o d s Design: Cohort study (Prospective Registry Evaluation Myocardial Infarction: Event and Recovery [PREMIER]). Setting: 19 academic centers, inner-city hospitals, single-payer systems, and nonuniversity hospitals in the United States. Patients: 2498 patients ≥ 18 years of age (mean age 60 y, 71% men, 79% white) who had biomarker evidence of myocardial necrosis within 24 hours of admission or who were transferred to the hospital within 24 hours of onset of symptoms and had acute MI (ischemic signs, symptoms for > 20 min, or electrocardiographic ST changes). Risk factors: Discontinuation of 1 or more of 3 evidence-based medications (aspirin, βblocker, or statins) at 1 month after MI. Results were adjusted for age, sex, race, educational level, marital status, smoking status, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, revascularization during index hospitalization, type of MI, social support, avoidance of medication because of cost, and site of enrollment. Outcome: Death at 12 months.
Identification of Neurotensin and LANT-6 and Localization of mRNA Encoding Their Precursor in the Chicken Brain

Neurotensin (NT) and neurotensin-related peptide (Lys8, Asn9, NT8–13: LANT-6) have previously been purified from chicken intestine. However, the presence of these peptides and the localization of their precursor mRNA in the brain were not well understood. In the present study, through a comprehensive analysis of bioactive substances, NT and LANT-6 were identified in the chicken brain using tandem mass spectrometry combined with a bioassay of the colon contraction. The effect of NT and LANT-6 on the colon contraction was assessed, and NT was found to be 10 times more potent than LANT-6. Furthermore, the sites of NT/LANT-6 precursor mRNA expression in the brain were investigated using quantitative RT-PCR. The result showed that the mRNA was expressed most in the telencephalon, followed by the diencephalon. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that cells containing NT/LANT-6 precursor mRNA were widely distributed throughout the brain except for the cerebellum. Additionally, these were highly concentrated in the frontal telencephalon, including the nidopallium, hyperpallium, and hippocampus. Collectively, these results indicate that NT and LANT-6 are produced in the chicken brain, and they may participate in multiple functions.
Resistance gene-dependent plant defense responses.

Plants are constantly being challenged by aspiring pathogens, but disease is rare. Why? Broadly, there are three reasons for pathogen failure. Either (1) the plant is unable to support the niche requirements of a potential pathogen and is thus a non? host; or (2) the plant possesses preformed structural barriers or toxic compounds that confine successful infections to specialized pathogen species; or (3) upon recognition of the attacking pathogen, defense mechanisms are elaborated and the invasion remains localized. All three types of interaction are said to be incompatible, but only the latter resistance mech? anism depends on induced responses. Successful pathogen invasion and disease (compatibility) ensue if the preformed plant defenses are inappropriate, the plant does not detect the pathogen, or the activated defense responses are ineffective. In this review, we examine the essential prerequisites for patho? gen recognition and the induction of localized defense responses. Preformed defenses are considered elsewhere in this issue (see Osbourn, 1996, in this issue). Race-specific pathogen recognition is hypothesized to re? sult from the direct or indirect interaction of the product of a dominant or semidominant plant resistance (R) gene with a product derived from the corresponding dominant pathogen avirulence (Avr) gene (Keen, 1992; Staskawicz et al., 1995). Subsequent signal transduction events are assumed to coordinate the activation of an array of defense responses. This "simple" model appears to explain much but begs many questions. For example, R gene products are likely to provide key components for recognition, but how do the distinct classes of R proteins characterized to date (see Bent, 1996, in this is? sue) activate the defense response? Do different R gene classes activate distinct responses? The regulation of some components of defense mechanisms has been studied in plant cell cultures in response to non-race-specific elicitors, but to what extent do such studies provide a model for R gene func? tion? Plant resistance is often correlated with the activation of specific defense responses, but which (if any) are required to abolish or retard pathogen growth, and how? Which are pri? mary responses and which are secondary? Does the first response involve transcriptional regulation, the activation of preformed enzymes, and/or the opening of ion channels, or
Comparison of parental stress among mothers and fathers of children with autistic spectrum disorder in Iran

Background: Most of the studies about parenting stress among parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have been conducted in western societies. The objective of this research, conducted in Iran, is to evaluate the parenting stress among fathers and mothers of children with ASD and find the correlation between severity of the disorder in children and the level of parental stress. Materials and Methods: Participants included 42 couples having children aged between 2 and 12 diagnosed with ASD based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. The diagnosis was made by two child and adolescent psychiatrists. Demographic information of the participants was collected using a questionnaire. The severity of pervasive developmental disorder in children was determined based on Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS); stress of parents was measured using Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Collected information was analyzed by the SPSS (version 16) software. Results: Evaluation of subscales in participants’ data showed a positive correlation coefficient between the PSI-parent domain and Childhood Autism Rating Scale-Parent form CARS-P rating (r = 0.339, P =0 0.028) and also between the total stress index and CARS-P rating (r = 0.333, P = 0.031) for fathers. It is thus suggested that fathers of children with more severe developmental disorders experience more stress. The results showed significant differences between fathers and mothers in the three PSI subscales including PSI-child domain score (P < 0.005), PSI-parent domain score (P < 0.005), and the total stress index (P < 0.005). Mothers had significantly more stress than fathers. Conclusions: These findings show that parents with ASD children have many emotional needs which should be considered in planning the effective treatment strategies for their children.
Metabolism of Public Organizations: A Case Study

Abstract. This study suggests the concept of Metabolism of organization that explains how public organizations use and/or transform inputs (mainly public funding) to produce and supply products and services. This approach is useful for analyzing costs and supporting best practices of management to increase efficiency of organizations. An application of this approach is showed on one of the largest public research organizations in Europe. Results indicate, from 1997 to 2015 period, that the cost of personnel has a very high growth rate (167.87), total cost of CNR has a high one (127.44), whereas total revenue (state subsidy) has a lower growth rate:118.72. This result suggests an imbalance of growth rates between dynamics of total revenue and vital costs within this PRO, generating economic issues and inefficiencies for this organization in the long run. R&D management implications conclude this study. Keywords. Research organizations, R&D funding, Cost management, Cost analysis, Budget system, Metabolism. JEL. N30, O30, O31, I23.
Can loss of sensory attenuation be accurately demonstrated using two effectors simultaneously?

Sir, Recently, Parees and colleagues (2014) compared patients with functional (psychogenic) movement disorders and healthy subjects who were asked to match a force delivered to their left finger by pressing on it directly, or by operating a joystick to press down on it, with the other hand. They observed that healthy subjects generated more force than required when pressing directly on their finger (compared with using the joystick), whereas patients did not. They interpreted and discussed this result as a loss of sensory attenuation that typically occurs in healthy subjects during self-generated movements and suggested by return, that it illustrates an altered sense of agency for the patients. More specifically, sensory attenuation is generally observed when the intensity of sensation induced by self-generated movements is reduced, for instance when tickling ourselves (Blakemore et al. , 1998 …
A case study of industrial relations climate in Zimbabwean mining company

Research problem: Various factors which influence industrial relations climate can be classified as input variables (Dastmalchian, Adamason and Blyton, 1991). The industrial relations climate (IRC) in turn has the potential to positive or negatively influence and be influenced by the industrial relations outcomes of the organisation such as labour turnover, industrial action and productivity. Management therefore need to be aware of the prevailing IRC as well as the factors influencing the prevailing industrial relations climate so as to take the necessary and relevant measures and steps to improve the labour-management relations. Research objectives: The research objectives for addressing the research problem were mainly to ascertain the prevailing labour relations climate within the selected mine. The second objective was to identify the factors that shape labour relations climate and thirdly to establish the impact of the prevailing industrial relations climate within the mine Research questions: Research questions for the study were developed and were; What is the overall labour relations climate? What is the contribution of each of the five dimensions to the overall labour relations climate? What is the relationship between the subgroups, distinguished by union affiliation and occupational level? What is the relationship between the sub-groups, distinguished by gender, age, race years in organization, full-time or parttime, union affiliation, years in union, union status, occupational level, educational level and the five dimensions of the labour relations climate? What are the factors that shape the industrial relations climate with particular reference to the following factors such as the organisational context and background, the structure of the organisation, the Human Resources context, the Industrial Relations context and Industrial relations outcomes? Research design: The study was descriptive research and both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in order to address the objectives of the study. A self-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data and in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews were also used to collect data relating to the IRC and the factors influencing the industrial relations climate. Human Resources records and reports were also used to provide secondary data for industrial relations outcomes. Major findings: The results from the study revealed that overall a negative IRC prevailed within the mine. This also applied to the five dimensions of climate that were measured. It was found that there was agreement between the unionised and the non-unionised employees’ perceptions of the industrial relations climate and similarly, when the miners’ perception of climate was compared with the more managerial group. The only really
Structural Safety Evaluation by Means of Fuzzy-Probabilistic Approach

The evaluation of the safety level in concrete structures should be done considering the stochastic behavior of main involved parameters not only in ultimate conditions but also in serviceability and durability ones. In fact, particularly in concrete structures, the large variability of fundamental mechanical parameters, may give rise to important deviations from the behavior expected if a deterministic approach is used. On the other hand it is well known that the probability density functions and their parameters cannot be defined univocally. To overcome this problem the fuzzy­ probabilistic theory may be used in processing stochastic parameters, consideration taken to the fuzzy nature of their character. In practice the probabilistic level 3 method may be used but, due to the fuzzy nature of involved variables, the analysis produces a fuzzy-probabilistic result. The above procedure is applied to a bridge prestressed beam, to evaluate its behavior in serviceability condition, with particular attention to the crack formation limit state.
Firm Ownership And Green Patents. Does Family Involvement In Business Matter

This paper investigates how family and non-family firms differ in terms of their capability to introduce environmental innovation, which is measured by green patents. The analysis is carried out using a large patenting data set related to the inventions produced by about 4200 Italian manufacturing firms over the period 2009–2017. The results show that family firms are less likely than non-family firms to implement innovations in green technologies. Moreover, the role played by the stock of knowledge and the environmental management system certification differs across firm type.
Ventajas de la gestión activa de la demanda (Demand management) en el control de Smart-grids

espanolLa gestion del sistema electrico por las utilities se ve afectado por varios factores, como un aumento del consumo, una mayor penetracion de las energias renovables y la tendencia a la generacion distribuida (para minimizar perdidas asociadas al transporte y distribucion). Obviamente, el consumo no es constante, produciendose valles y picos. Habitualmente, dicha curva no se ajusta a la de generacion, obligando a sobredimensionar la generacion o desplegar sistemas de almacenamiento que amortiguen este desfase. Desafortunadamente, estas soluciones son costosas y finalmente repercuten en el cliente. Una solucion en auge es aplicar los sistemas de “Demand Response” (DR), que convierten el consumo del cliente en un activo controlable por el operador del sistema de distribucion, permitiendo ajustar de forma dinamica su consumo energetico, adaptandolo a las necesidades de la red y mejorando la eficiencia. Para lograr esto debe establecerse una comunicacion utility-usuario, mediante la cual pueda solicitarse una reduccion del consumo en ciertas franjas horarias, aplicandole al cliente bonificaciones por ello. Por todo esto, se estima que la tecnologia DR sera clave en el futuro del sistema electrico, y en la cual el TIC-150, a traves de la colaboracion con diversas utilities de ambito internacional, esta trabajando activamente. EnglishThe management of the electric system is affected by many factors, such as the rising of the consumption, the growing of renewable energies and the apparition of distributed generation (in order to reduce losses in transmission and distribution). Obviously, the consumption is not constant. The consumption curve contains “valleys” (low demand periods) and “peaks” (high demand periods). Traditionally, the generation curve does not fit with the consumption curve, so the electric generation system must be oversizing, or electric storage must be installed. Unfortunately, these solutions are expensive and they increase customer bill. A new solution is applying Demand Response systems. They transform the consumption into an asset that the distribution system can manage, adjusting this consumption dynamically, adjusting it to the needs of the system and improving efficiency. Obviously, to achieve this objective there must exist a utility-customer communication. This allows to request a reduction of customer consumption when it is needed. Customers would reduce their bill thanks to this. This is why DR technology is expected to be key in the electric system future. The TIC-150 is collaborating actively with diverse international utilities in this field.
The Moderating Effects of Logistics and Supply Chain Issues on the Relationship Between Organisational Innovations, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Market Orientation of Smes in Malaysia

SMEs need to develop market orientation (MO) of the company together with entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and organisational innovation (OI) in order to sustain its business via market expansion. Venturing into new markets, however, could bring forth issues in logistics and supply chain such as transportation, packaging, documentation and warehousing. This study is conducted with focus on the moderating effects of logistics and supply chain issues on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational innovation, on the market orientation of SMEs. This study used a combination of both the qualitative and quantitative research design. Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews and survey questionnaires. The population of the study were SMEs in Kedah, Perlis and Penang. A total of 5 companies were interviewed and 106 mail survey questionnaires were collected. Data gathered from survey questionnaires were analysed using SPSS and Partial Least Square Regression technique. Findings indicate that there is a mix of logistics and supply chain issues faced by the SMEsâ€™ with most common issues being customer service and inventory management. Quantitative data analysis indicates that both entrepreneurial orientation and organisational innovations do influence the level of market orientation. In addition, logistics and supply chain issues are found to significantly moderate the relationship between both independent variables and the dependent variable.
Compact dual broadband planar slot antenna for wireless LAN application

A new compact dual broadband planar slot antenna that covers two frequency bands of 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz for modern mobile broadband wireless network applications is presented. The antenna structure includes folded self-resonance meander slots as the main radiators, and using the CPW-fed combined with a coupling mechanism at its feeding input to match the large input impedance exhibits at the input of the slot antenna. The use of meander slot together with the coupling CPW-fed feeding network enables us to reduce the antenna size, the manufacturing complexity as well as the operating bandwidth. The antenna is manufactured using the FR4 print circuit board and the results show the wanted characteristics and performance.
Imagerie cérébrale par résonance magnétique du tenseur de diffusion : de la modélisation à l'imagerie 3D haute résolution. Applications et "fibre tracking" dans un modèle de schizophrénie chez la souris

Le travail de cette these est methodologique centre autour de l'imagerie du tenseur de diffusion par resonance magnetique (DTI) avec des developpements incluant des simula- tion Monte Carlo des signaux RMN de diffusion dans des modeles geometriques du tissu cerebral et des acquisitions de sequence DTI haute resolution 3D pour aboutir a l'imagerie "fibre tracking" dans le cerveau de souris. Differents modeles geometriques de la substance blanche, grise ou encore incluant les deux structures sont proposes. Le principe de leur generation est decrit ainsi que la gestion des contraintes liees a la compartimentation. Il est montre aussi le principe de l'elaboration d'un nouveau “modele composite” qui per- met de modeliser des geometries complexes comme le melange de differentes structures ou encore des differentes orientations des axes des fibres de la substance blanche. Un avantage au modele composite est sa simplicite et le gain en temps de calcul. Les resul- tats des simulations ont ete confrontes a des donnees in vivo et ont permis d'interpreter l'origine des signaux et d'evaluer l'impact de certains parametres geometriques sur ces signaux. Ils ont permis aussi d'optimiser les conditions d'acquisition. Une application majeure des developpements de l'imagerie 3D haute resolution est son application dans un modele apparente a la schizophrenie chez la souris. Par comparaison a des souris nor- males, il est montre, pour la premiere fois en utilisant DTI et l'imagerie fibre tracking, une baisse du volume de la matiere blanche et une reduction, voire une absence de la partie post-commissurale du fornix, un tract qui relaie l'hippocampe vers le corps mamillaire.