Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carcass characteristics and organ weights of broiler chickens fed varying inclusion levels of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) peel products-based diets

The effect of feeding four cassava peel products -based diets on carcass characteristics and organ weights of broiler chickens were investigated with 455, 10-day old Ross 308 broiler chickens randomly divided into thirteen groups of 35 birds each. Each group was replicated five times and a replicate comprised seven chicks. The design was 1+ (4 x 3) augmented factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets were sundried cassava peel meal (SCPM), coarse cassava peel mash (CCPM), whole cassava peel mash (WCPM) and fine cassava peel mash (FCPM) each at three dietary inclusion levels to replace maize at 20, 40 and 60%, while the control diet was a maize-based diet. The diets were fed ad libitum to the respective grower (10-24 days) and finisher (25-46 days) experimental chickens. Results showed no significant effect (p>0.05) of feeding chickens with cassava peel-based diets on carcass primal cuts and internal offals except breast meat and spleen. Breast meat yield (24.90%) of chicks on maize-based diet was significantly higher (p<0.05) than others. Effect of interaction of cassava peel products and inclusion levels on eviscerated weight and breast weight was significant (p<0.05). The eviscerated weight (80.86%) and breast meat yield (24.90%) of chickens on control were higher (p<0.05). In conclusion, replacement of up to 60% dietary maize with cassava peel products had similar effect on broiler carcass yield and productivity but breast yield. Also, further processing of WCPM to FCPM and CCPM did not confer any advantage on chick productivity. Keywords: Cassava peel, Internal offal, External offal, High-Quality Cassava Peel, Carcass yield
Low‐temperature deposition of high‐quality silicon dioxide by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Thin films of high‐quality silicon dioxide have been deposited at low temperatures by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition. A deposition rate much lower than that used in conventional plasma‐enhanced processes is found to be crucial in obtaining material with reproducible, good properties. Controlled, slow deposition is achieved by using very low flow rates of reactive gases, together with a much higher flow of inert carrier gas to ensure uniformity. Films deposited at usual high deposition rates (∼500 A/min) exhibit irreproducible and poor electrical properties and are porous. Those deposited slowly (∼60 A/min) have very reproducible properties, are relatively dense and exhibit very good electrical integrity. Oxides deposited using a substrate temperature of 350 °C compare favorably with those deposited at 700°C using atmospheric‐pressure chemical vapor deposition and can be deposited routinely over a wide range of oxide thickness. Deposition at 275 °C results in similar properties but with increase.
Endocytic pathway inhibition attenuates extracellular vesicle-induced reduction of chemosensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been demonstrated as key factors in the progression and drug resistance of multiple myeloma (MM). EV uptake involves a variety of mechanisms which largely depend on the vesicle origin and recipient cell type. The aim of the present study was to identify the mechanisms involved in the uptake of BMSC-derived small EVs (sEVs) by MM cells, and to evaluate the anti-MM effect of targeting this process. Methods: Human BMSC-derived sEVs were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. The effects of chemical inhibitors and shRNA-mediated knockdown of endocytosis-associated genes on sEV uptake and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The anti-MM effect of blocking sEV uptake was evaluated in vitro and in a xenograft MM mouse model. Results: sEVs derived from BMSC were taken up by MM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and subsequently promoted MM cell cycling and reduced their chemosensitivity to bortezomib. Chemical endocytosis inhibitors targeting heparin sulphate proteoglycans, actin, tyrosine kinase, dynamin-2, sodium/proton exchangers, or phosphoinositide 3-kinases significantly reduced MM cell internalization of BMSC-derived sEVs. Moreover, shRNA-mediated knockdown of endocytosis-associated proteins, including caveolin-1, flotillin-1, clathrin heavy chain, and dynamin-2 in MM cells suppressed sEV uptake. Furthermore, an endocytosis inhibitor targeting dynamin-2 preferentially suppressed the uptake of sEV by primary MM cells ex vivo and enhanced the anti-MM effects of bortezomib in vitro and in a mouse model. Conclusion: Clathrin- and caveolin-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis are the predominant routes of sEV-mediated communication between BMSCs and MM cells, and inhibiting endocytosis attenuates sEV-induced reduction of chemosensitivity to bortezomib, and thus enhances its anti-MM properties.
Effect of Replacement Levels of Wheat Flour on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Smoke- Dried Sausage

In the olden days, there was no refrigeration for meat preservation and sausage making was a way to solve this problem. Sausage making evolved as an effort to economize and preserve meat which could not be consumed immediately after slaughter. This study evaluated the effect of replacement levels of wheat flour on the physicochemical characteristics and sensory qualities of smoke-dried sausage. Beef, wheat flour, sodium chloride, seasonings (Table 1) were bought, pre-processing operations were carried out. Sausage was processed by adding wheat flour, seasonings, salt to minced meat at different replacement levels (5%, 10% and 15%) with 0% as control and later smoke-dried. Sensory evaluation and physicochemical properties were determined. Data generated were analyzed. The results from sensory evaluation showed that Product A had the highest response (5.00) to sausage colour. Product A (5.00), B (5.00) and C (4.90) had the highest response for product juiciness. Product A (5.00) and product B (5.00) had better response to taste. For overall acceptability, Product A (5.00) was not different from other products. The addition of wheat flour resulted in higher and greater elasticity and increased acceptability due to higher scores for texture and colour. The protein content showed that Product D (56.33%) had the lowest value, followed by Product B (58.23%), next was Product C (59.57%), and the highest was observed in Product A (60.42%). Product C had the highest value for potassium and phosphorus (122.0 mg/100g and 13.40 mg/100g). Product B and C had the same value (6.17) for pH, next was product A (6.13), the least pH was observed in Product D (6.07). Sausage manufacture is a means of adding value to off-cuts and thereby increasing the utilization of meat. The incorporation of 10% wheat flour to sausage is highly nutritive with better sensory qualities and better economic value.
Competition of different types of electron-lattice coupling in 2D Peierls transition

The stability of the multimode Peierls (MMP) state, which has been predicted for the 2D square-lattice electron system with the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) type electron-lattice (e-l) coupling and with a half-filled electronic band, is discussed in the presence of a dilation-type e-l interaction. To understand the role of the latter interaction, the ground state for the model with only the latter interaction is numerically investigated for the 1D chain and the 2D square lattice. The results indicate that this interaction favors a phase separation into two regions, one with sites doubly occupied by electrons and the other with sites having no electron. Detailed numerical analyses show that the MMP state in the 2D system can survive even in the presence of the dilation-type interaction as long as its coupling strength is weak compared to that of the SSH-type interaction.
Impact assessment of reservoir operation in the context of climate change adaptation in the Chao Phraya River basin

Climate change adaptation has become the current focus of research due to the remarkable potential of climate change to alter the spatial and temporal distribution of global water availability. Although reservoir operation is a potential adaptation option, earlier studies explicitly demonstrated only its historical quantitative effects. Therefore, this article evaluated the possibility of reservoir operation from an adaptation viewpoint for regulating the future flow using the H08 global hydrological model with the Chao Phraya River basin as a case study. This basin is the largest river system in Thailand and has often been affected by extreme weather challenges in the past. Future climate scenarios were constructed from the bias‐corrected outputs of three general circulation models from 2080 to 2099 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The important conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows: (i) the operation of existing and hypothetical (i.e., construction under planning) reservoirs cannot reduce the future high flows below the channel carrying capacity, although it can increase low flows in the basin. This indicates that changes in the magnitude of future high flow due to climate change are likely to be larger than those achieved by reservoir operation and there is a need for other adaptation options. (ii) A combination of reservoir operation and afforestation was considered as an adaptation strategy, but the magnitude of the discharge reduction in the wet season was still smaller than the increase caused by warming. This further signifies the necessity of combining other structural, as well as non‐structural, measures. Overall, this adaptation approach for assessing the effect of reservoir operation in reducing the climate change impacts using H08 model can be applied not only in the study area but also in other places where climate change signals are robust.
Randomised phase II trial of olaparib, chemotherapy or olaparib and cediranib in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (OCTOVA): a study protocol

Introduction Patients relapsing within 12 months of platinum-based chemotherapy usually have a poorer response to subsequent treatments. To date, extensive research into the mechanism of resistance to platinum agents in the treatment of ovarian cancer has not resulted in improved responses or longer survival. Further experimental work and clinical trials with novel agents are therefore justified to address this unmet need. Patients with ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer that has relapsed within 12 months of platinum-based chemotherapy will be randomised with stratification for BReast CAncer gene (BRCA) status, prior poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) exposure and prior antiangiogenic therapy into weekly paclitaxel (chemotherapy), olaparib or the combination of cediranib and olaparib. They will be followed until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity develops. Our trial design permits two investigations. We will compare the efficacy and tolerability of single-agent olaparib with weekly paclitaxel. We will also compare the efficacy and tolerability of olaparib with the combination of olaparib and cediranib. The required sample size of 138 participants (46 per arm) was calculated using a 20% one-sided type I error, 80% power and 15% dropout rate. Recruitment will last 34 months with a follow-up of 18 months. Methods and analysis Ethics and dissemination This study will be conducted under a UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency Clinical Trials Authorisation. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the responsible authority before beginning the study. The sponsor will retain ownership of all data arising from the trial. We aim to publish this research in a specialist peer-reviewed scientific journal on study completion. EudraCT number: 2016-000559-28, ethics reference number: 16/LO/2150. Trial registration number ISRCTN: ISRCTN14784018, clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03117933; Pre-results.
Functional properties of Australian blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) protein and biological activities of protein hydrolysates

Lupin is an undervalued legume despite its high protein content with known health benefits. In this research, Australian blue lupin protein was isolated and hydrolysed enzymatically to produce bioactive peptides with a view to assess their potential for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications. Pepsin, pancreatin and flavourzyme were used to enzymatically hydrolyse blue lupin protein, and the hydrolysates were subjected to molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) fractionation. Measurement of biological activities led to the identification of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory fractions in the molecular weight range of 2–3 and 3–5 kDa. For the most active fractions in this range, the ACE inhibitory activities were very significant with IC50 values from 450 to 600 μg/ml. Blue lupin protein‐derived MWCO fractions were significantly active against Gram‐positive bacteria and only a little inhibition was observed against Gram‐negative bacteria. Pancreatin hydrolysed fractions showed the best antimicrobial activities with several fractions exhibiting ≥85% inhibition against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. These properties reveal the potential of lupin protein hydrolysates for developing antihypertensive and host defence agents. In order to demonstrate the potential of isolated blue lupin protein in food industry, functional properties including water and oil absorption capacity, gelling properties, solubility and emulsifying properties were evaluated and found to be extremely suitable for developing functional foods with enhanced health benefits.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Research on artificial intelligence learning system based on psychological knowledge to adjust anxiety and depression

“We, the Editors and Publisher of the Behaviour & Information Technology, have retracted the following article: Xiaocong Li, Pengfei Zhou, Jiyu Wu, A. Shanthini & Thanjai Vadivel (2020) Research on artificial intelligence learning system based on psychological knowledge to adjust anxiety and depression, Behaviour & Information Technology, DOI: 10.1080/0144929X.2020. 1846077 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data presented in the article. Upon query, the authors have not been able to provide a satisfactory explanation to our questions regarding the process of the research conducted. The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted articles will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but they will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’. ”
Large format imaging spectrograph for the Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST)

We present a conceptual study of a large format imaging spectrograph for next-generation large (50-m class) single-dish telescopes, i.e., the Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST) and Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST). Recent discoveries of high-redshift star-forming galaxies at z=8-9 and candidate quiescent galaxies at z~6 indicate the onset of earliest star formation just a few 100 million years after the Big Bang (i.e., z = 12 - 15), and LST/AtLAST will provide a unique pathway to uncover spectroscopically-identified ``first forming galaxies’’ in the pre-reionization era, once it will be equipped with a large format imaging spectrograph. We describe the preliminary of 3-band, medium resolution (R=2000) imaging spectrograph with ~1.5 M detectors in total based on the KATANA concept (Karatsu et al.~2019), which exploits technologies of the integrated superconducting spectrometer (ISS) and a large-format imaging array like A-MKID.
Conversion to Online Teaching of a Clinical Clerkship during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, has been training medical doctors for over seventy years. The undergraduate programme comprises a clinical aspect that is divided into fiveand ten-week clerkships in the final three years. The orthopaedic clerkship is a five-week programme which is offered in year four and introduces the students to musculoskeletal conditions. In this five-week clinical rotation, students are taught in the hospital clinics, wards and operating rooms across several hospitals.
Electrical Tuning of MoOx/Ag Hybrids and Investigation of their Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Performance

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology is a cutting‐edge analytical tool for molecule detection. Attractive SERS performance has been achieved on noble metal nanostructures; however these substrates usually suffer from difficulties of direct adjusting of the physical structures to achieve tunable SERS performance. Studies on semiconductor oxides have revealed that attractive SERS performance can be obtained on them, but strategies of engineering material properties for SERS performance improvement still pose a challenge. Here, an electrically programmable SERS substrate is prepared by depositing hydrothermally synthesized MoOx/Ag hybrids within electrodes as the SERS active region. In the experiment, an electrical field is applied on the electrodes to regulate Ag+ ion migration and redeposition in the MoOx solid electrolyte. Through adjusting the leakage current level, the size of the Ag nanoparticles in the MoOx/Ag hybrids is electrically controlled. The SERS performance of the substrate is evaluated using rhodamine 6G as the Raman reporter. The results evidence that Raman enhancement factors of 1.13 × 105, 4.75 × 105, and 1.04 × 106 can be obtained by programming the leakage current level to 10−7, 10−5, and 10−3 A, respectively. A maximum detection limit of 10−8 m is achieved on the 10−3 A substrate.
Loading of MOF-5 with Cu and ZnO Nanoparticles by Gas-Phase Infiltration with Organometallic Precursors : Properties of Cu/ZnO@MOF-5 as Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis

The loading of [Zn4O(bdc)3] (MOF-5; bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarbocylate) with nanocrystalline Cu and ZnO species was achieved in a two-step process. First, the solvent-free gas-phase adsorption of the volatile precursors [CpCuL] (L = PMe3, CNtBu) and ZnEt2 leads to the isolable inclusion compounds precursor@MOF-5. These intermediates were then converted into Cu@MOF-5 and ZnO@MOF-5 by hydrogenolysis or photoassisted thermolysis at 200−220 °C in the case of Cu and hydrolysis or dry oxidation at 25 °C followed by annealing 250 °C in the case of ZnO. 17O labeling studies using H217O (30%) revealed that neither the bdc linkers nor the central oxide ion of the Zn4O unit exchange oxygen atoms/ions with the imbedded ZnO species. The obtained material Cu@MOF-5 (11 wt % Cu), exhibiting an equivalent Langmuir surface of 1100 m2·g−1, was further characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Cu nanoparticles are homogeneously distribut.
Adaptive kriging-assisted optimization of low-thrust many-revolution transfers to geostationary Earth orbit

ABSTRACT To effectively optimize low-thrust many-revolution transfer trajectories to geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), this article proposes a novel metamodel-based low-thrust GEO transfer optimization scheme. A simplified control law is used to convert the optimal low-thrust transfer problem into a parameter optimization problem, where the gains of control law are optimized to determine the time-minimum trajectories. An adaptive kriging-assisted two-stage optimization framework is developed to solve the optimization problem. In the first stage, the kriging metamodels are constructed to replace the expensive transfer model for optimization. The kriging metamodels are gradually refined via a probability of constrained improvement-based infill sampling process to efficiently determine an initial guess of the gains. In the second stage, a sequential quadratic programming-based local search is conducted to precisely compute the gains. Finally, two engineering examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization scheme for solving real-world low-thrust GEO transfer optimization problems.
Linearized Bregman iteration based model‐free adaptive sliding mode control for a class of non‐linear systems

There is a growing demand for robust data-driven control methods particularly for industrial process control. This paper presents a new model-free adaptive sliding mode control approach for a class of discrete-time, multiple input and multiple output non-linear systems. The proposed methodology seeks to address issues with the computation of inverse matrices and problems with singularity in existing methods while at the same time seek-ing to enhance robustness. A Majorization–Minimization technique and the L 1 norm are used within the proposed optimization and an online iterative approach is described for update of the control law. The closed-loop system response is proved to be stable. The effectiveness of the proposed control is validated by extensive simulation and also experimental results, with the performance obtained by the proposed approach being compared throughout with a well-known approach from the established literature.
Potential Impact of Biodegradable Surfactants on Foam-Based Microalgal Cultures

Microalgae cultivation in liquid foams is a promising concept which requires the use of a surfactant as a foam stabilizing agent. The biodegradable character of a surfactant is a key aspect regarding its applicability in a liquid foam-bed photobioreactor (LF-PBR), since it might influence microalgal growth and the stability of the foam-based cultivation. In this work, the effects of the biodegradable surfactants bovine serum albumin (BSA), Saponin and Tween 20 on the whole microbial community of microalgal cultures (i.e., microalgal and bacterial populations) were studied. The three surfactants enhanced bacterial and microalgal growth in non-axenic microalgal cultures, but they differed in their efficiency to sustain bacterial growth. In this sense, Saponin was proven to enhance the growth of S. obliquus-associated bacteria in microalgae-free cultures, and to sustain it even when other nutrients were lacking, suggesting that Saponin can be used as an energy and nutrients source by these bacteria. The degradation and consumption of Saponin by S. obliquus-associated bacteria was also confirmed by the foaming capacity decrease in Saponin-added bacterial cultures. The biodegradable character of BSA, Saponin and Tween 20 reduces their suitability to be used in a LF-PBR since they would not be able to maintain stable foaming.