Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of metal‐containing wastewaters with a novel extractive membrane reactor using sulfate‐reducing bacteria

This work reports a novel system for the treatment of acidic metal-containing wastewaters, the Extractive Membrane Bioreactor–Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (EMB-SRB) system. In this system, hydrogen sulfide is produced in the bioreactor by the sulfate-reducing bacteria, transfers through a dense phase membrane, and precipitates metal ions in the wastewater. The non-porous membrane prevents the SRB from having direct contact with the toxic metals, extremes of pH, or high salinity in the wastewater. Silicone rubber, which is permeable to H2S but virtually impermeable to ionic species in the system, was used as a membrane. The rate of mass transfer of H2S across the membrane was studied and found to be well described by a resistances-in-series model. kov values vary in the range 5 × 10−6 –10 × 10−6 ms−1 1 depending on the membrane thickness. A continuous EMB–SRB system was operated and more than 90% (w/v) of the Zn2+ present in a wastewater was removed. A film of metal precipitate was found to build up on the inside (wastewater) side of the membrane, and became the dominant resistance contributing to the overall mass transfer coefficient during operation. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Marked Enhancement in the Efficiency of Deep-Ultraviolet AlGaN Light-Emitting Diodes by Using a Multiquantum-Barrier Electron Blocking Layer

We demonstrated high-efficiency 250–262 nm deep-ultraviolet (DUV) AlGaN multi-quantum well (MQW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) fabricated on AlN/sapphire templates by introducing multiquantum-barrier (MQB) electron-blocking layers (EBLs). A marked enhancement in efficiency, by as much as 2.7 times, was observed for a 250 nm AlGaN LED by replacing the usual “single-barrier” EBL with a MQB-EBL. The maximum external quantum efficiencies and output powers of LEDs with MQB-EBLs measured under room temperature (RT) cw operation were 1.18% and 4.8 mW, and 1.54% and 10.4 mW, for the 250 nm and 262 nm LEDs, respectively, which are the highest values ever reported.
Apatite Formation Induced by Silica Gel in a Simulated Body Fluid

It has been confirmed that the essential condition for glasses and glass-ceramics to bond to living bone is the formation of an apatite layer on their surfaces in the body. It has been proposed that a hydrated silica formed on the surfaces of these materials in the body plays an important role in forming the surface apatite layer, but this has not yet been proved. In the present study, it is shown experimentally that a pure hydrated silica gel can induce apatite formation on its surface in a simulated body fluid when its starting pH is increased from 7.2 to 7.4.
Large Increase in Magnetoresistance and Cluster-Glass Behavior in Defect Tl2-xMn2O7-y Pyrochlores

Moderate-pressure techniques (P = 20 kbar) have been used to prepare defect Tl{sub 2{minus}x}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 7{minus}y} pyrochlore-like materials: Neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data show that a unique stoichiometry Tl{sub 1.94}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 6.96} is stabilized under the present synthesis conditions. The defective character of these pyrochlores has a strong influence on the transport and magnetic properties. Both electrical resistance and magnetoresistance are enhanced with respect to reported data for stoichiometric Tl{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 7}, as a consequence of the spin scattering introduced by Tl vacancies. The charge carriers are electrons, and the value obtained from the high-field Hall effect is 9.3 x 10{sup {minus}4} e{sup {minus}}/unit cell at 5 K. At the same time, a spin-glass behavior develops, subjacent to ferromagnetism, because of the weakening of the ferromagnetic (FM) interactions between near-neighbor Mn{sup 4+} cations. The observation by NPD of a distinct maximum at Q {approx} 0 suggests the existence of FM clusters near room temperature (RT), vanishing below T{sub C} to give a long-range-ordered ferromagnetic matrix.
High-performance Hg2+ removal from ultra-low-concentration aqueous solution using both acylamide- and hydroxyl-functionalized metal–organic framework

Mercury (Hg2+), even an ultra-low-concentration amount in water, presents a serious environmental concern. Thus, the removal, especially Hg(II) content at the ultratrace levels (ppb), from water is still challenging. In this work, without any pretreatment, anovel MOF material can act as a high-capacity and collectable adsorbent for the removal of Hg(II) from water, especially for ultratrace Hg2+ ions in the ppb magnitude, mainly due to a combined effect from the pore walls functionalized by free-standing, accessible acylamide and hydroxyl units.
Expansion of αβ T-cell receptor-bearing intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes after microbial colonization in germ-free mice and its independence from thymus.

A large proportion of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) comprises alpha beta and gamma delta T-cell receptor (TcR)-bearing T cells. The numbers of alpha beta and gamma delta IEL are reported to be very different between germ-free and conventional microbial conditions. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of both types of TcR-bearing cells after microbial colonization in germ-free mice and the influence of thymus deprivation on IEL populations during the microbial association process. Immediately after association with microbes in germ-free animals, the number of alpha beta TcR-bearing IEL gradually increased. Fourteen days after microbial association the number of alpha beta IEL equalled that of gamma delta TcR-bearing IEL. Approximately 1 month after microbial association, the number of alpha beta IEL was several times greater than that of gamma delta IEL, having almost reached the level in conventional mice reared in a conventional animal room after birth. On the other hand the number of gamma delta IEL hardly changed throughout this microbial association process. Two-colour analysis involving anti-alpha beta TcR and anti-Lyt-2 or Lyt-3 antibodies showed that the major fraction of IEL that increased after microbial association comprised alpha beta TcR-bearing T cells expressing CD8 antigen composed of a homodimer of alpha-chains, which was not detected in other gut associated-lymphoid tissues (GALT) such as Peyer's patch, mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria tissue. The number of alpha beta T cells in these GALT increased within 1 week more quickly than that of IEL. The increase in alpha beta IEL after microbial association was not prevented by thymectomy. These results strongly suggest that the progenitors of alpha beta TcR-bearing IEL expand outside the thymus in response to microbial colonization in germ-free mice.
Tunneling spectroscopy of the GaAs(110) surface

The scanning tunneling microscope is used to study the spectroscopy of p‐type, n‐type, and oxygen‐covered GaAs(110) surfaces. On the clean surface, three components of the current are identified—tunneling out of valence‐band states, tunneling into conduction‐band states, and tunneling through dopant‐induced states in the semiconductor. The results are compared with a theoretical computation of the tunneling current, including band bending in the semiconductor. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained only when tunneling through the space‐charge region of the semiconductor is included. On the oxygen‐covered surface, the spectroscopic results show evidence of band bending due to the oxygen adsorbates.
Smartphone Health Assessment for Relapse Prevention (SHARP): a digital solution toward global mental health

Background Predicting and preventing relapse presents a crucial opportunity and first step to improve outcomes and reduce the care gap for persons living with schizophrenia. Using commercially available smartphones and smartwatches, technology now affords opportunities to capture real-time and longitudinal profiles of patients’ symptoms, cognition, physiology and social patterns. This novel data makes it possible to explore relationships between behaviours, physiology and symptoms, which may yield personalised relapse signals. Aims Smartphone Health Assessment for Relapse Prevention (SHARP), an international mental health research study supported by the Wellcome Trust, will inform the development of a scalable and sharable digital health solution to monitor personal risk of relapse. The resulting technology will be studied toward predicting and preventing relapse among individuals diagnosed with serious mental illness. Method SHARP is a two-phase study with research sites in Boston, Massachusetts, and Bangalore and Bhopal, India. During phase 1, focus groups will be conducted at each study site to collect feedback on the design and features available on mindLAMP, a digital health platform. Individuals with serious mental illness will use mindLAMP for the duration of a year during phase 2. Results The results of the research outlined in this protocol will guide the development of technology and digital tools to help address pervasive challenges in global mental health. Conclusions The digital tools developed as a result of this study, and participants’ experiences using them, may offer insight into opportunities to expand digital mental health resources and optimize their utilisation around the world.
Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Mesoporous ZnO Nanostructures of Different Porosities

Mesoporous ZnO nanoparticles with average pore sizes of 2.5 and 14.3 nm were prepared by ultrasonic hydrolysis of zinc acetate at different ultrasound powers. Morphology, crystallinity, and porosity of the materials have been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET nitrogen adsorption. Whereas a moderate ultrasound power favored the synthesis of well-crystalline mesoporous ZnO nanoparticles of triangular and hexagonal morphologies with very low density of lattice defects and small pore size, high ultrasound power generated mesoporous ZnO nanoparticles of arbitrary morphology with higher density of lattice defects. Photoluminescence behaviors and the mechanisms of formation of the two types of porous nanostructures are discussed.
Thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer. III, Synthesis and properties of poly(amide-azomethine-ester)

Preparation des polymeres [OCO-Ph(X)-CH=N-Ph-CONH-Ph-N=CH-Ph(X)-OCO-(CH 2 ) m ] n (X=H, OMe, OEt, n=3, 4, 7, 8) par polycondensation dans la 4,4'-diaminoaniline avec les dialdehydes correspondants. Etude de la solubilite de la stabilite thermique et des transitions de phase. La mesophase s'etend jusqu'a 288-380°C, a partir d'ou la decomposition thermique a lieu
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOLECULAR SIMULATION Nanoscale droplet vaporisation by molecular dynamics

Nanoscale droplet vaporisation was studied by molecular dynamics, which allows the calculation of properties for droplets statistically without considering the discontinuous interface between a liquid droplet and surrounding gas. An argon droplet was created and immersed inside its vapour. After equilibration, the periphery of the system was heated by a carrier gas to vaporise the droplet. Replications were conducted to check the variation in the phenomenon. Thermodynamic properties such as the density, pressure and temperature profiles were sampled for each interval. The evolution of the surface tension of the droplet undergoing vaporisation was investigated. Moreover, the vaporisation rate of nanodroplets was compared with the kinetic theory-based Hertz–Knudsen–Langmuir equation and two diffusion-based models, which are the D evaporation law and Kincaid and Longley model [Kincaid DC, Longley TS. A water droplet evaporation and temperature model. Trans ASAE. 1989; 32(2):457–463]. The kinetic model underestimates the vaporisation rate by one order of magnitude whereas the two diffusion-based models overestimate the rate by one order of magnitude.
Toward Membrane-Free Amperometric Gas Sensors: An Ionic Liquid–Nanoparticle Composite Approach

Room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)–gold nanoparticle composites have been demonstrated to overcome a major obstacle for creating an extremely thin layer of RTIL on the surface of an electrode for membrane-free amperometric gas sensors. A combination of the advantages of RTILs and the superior catalytic effect of gold nanoparticles provides some new brillant abilities of RTIL–gold nanomaterial composites, which includes not only larger current and ultrafast response but also real diversity, morphology-dependent activity, and lower reduction potentials in contrast with conventional screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). Several ionic liquids with different viscosities and surface tensions, such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim][NTf2]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mim][NTf2]), 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C4dmim][NTf2]), and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluorotris(pentafluoroethyl) phosp.
Aggression Priming by Potentiation of Medial Amygdala Circuits

Editor’s Note: These short reviews of recent JNeurosci articles, written exclusively by students or postdoctoral fellows, summarize the important findings of the paper and provide additional insight and commentary. If the authors of the highlighted article have written a response to the Journal Club, the response can be found by viewing the Journal Club at www. jneurosci.org. For more information on the format, review process, and purpose of Journal Club articles, please see http:// jneurosci.org/content/jneurosci-journal-club.
X-RAY DIFFRACTION REFINEMENT OF THE CALCIUM TUNGSTATE STRUCTURE

The crystal structure of CaWO4 (scheelite) has been refined with single‐crystal x‐ray diffraction data. For the tetragonal cell a=5.243±0.002, c=11.376±0.003 A. Oxygen coordinates 0.1504, 0.0085, and 0.2111 correspond to Ca–O distances 2.44 and 2.48 A and W–O distances 1.78 A.
Removal of chromium(VI) from contaminated drinking water by ecofriendly adsorbent: equilibrium, isotherm and kinetic study.

Hexavalent chromium in drinking water is reported as well known carcinogen. This paper examines an efficient adsorption process of Cr(VI) from drinking water. The ability of developed Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus globulus ) bark carbon as an adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal from synthetic sample was studied. The experiments were done in the batch process. Effects of adsorbent quantity, pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) concentration and agitation rate were investigated on removal of chromium(VI). Approximately 95% of hexavalent chromium (10 mg L−1) was removed at pH 3 within 21 hours at 150 rpm and the concentration reached upto permissible limit recommended by standard agencies. The results indicate that the Langmuir model fits the data better than the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption follows second order kinetics for Cr(VI) removal in this study. The maximum adsorption capacity of 23 mg g−1 was found for the Cr(VI) adsorption. Characterization of the developed adsorbent was performed by SEM and EDX analysis and the results of the characterization supported surface nature and composition of the adsorbent.
Loners stand out. Identiﬁcation of anomalous subsequences based on group performance

Time series analysis is a part of data mining and nowadays an important ﬁeld of research due to the increasing amount of data that is recorded sequentially by various systems. Especially the identiﬁcation of anomalous subsequences arouses great interest, since a manual search for errors or malfunctions is not possible in most cases. Often outliers are deﬁned as points or sequences that deviate signiﬁcantly from the course of one or multiple time series, yet there are also applications where the trend rather than the exact course of time series is relevant. In that case, there is an approach of clustering the time series per time point and analyzing their cluster transitions over time. Sequences that change their cluster members suddenly or often, indicate an anomaly. In 2019, a novel approach for the detection of these transition-based outliers was introduced [19]. Now, we present an algorithm called DACT ( D etecting A nomalies based on C luster T ransitions) that is able to identify outlier sequences of the same type. It is a simple approach that stands out due to diﬀerent results, although a similar type of anomalies is targeted. In the evaluation, we examine and discuss the diﬀerences. Our experiments show, that the results are competitive and reasonable.
Well Placement Optimization Using Firefly Algorithm and Crow Search Algorithm

Optimization of well placement is one of the main difficult factors in the development process in the oil and gas industry. The well placement optimization is high dimensional, multi-modal and discontinuous. In previous research, conventional and non-conventional optimization techniques have been applied to resolve this problem. However, gradient-free optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization which is considered as the most efficient algorithms in this area suffer from local optima. In this article, two new metaheuristic optimization techniques, namely, crow search algorithm and firefly algorithm are applied to the well placement optimization problem and their applications to maximize the net profit value are studied. To study the performance of the firefly and crow search algorithm, Eclipse and MATLAB environment are used. The proposed techniques are compared to popular established methods for optimizing well placement. Results show that the firefly algorithm is proved to be efficient and effective compared to other established techniques. However, the standard crow search algorithm is not suited to this problem. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) patRoon: open source software platform for environmental mass spectrometry based non-target screening

Mass spectrometry based non-target analysis is increasingly adopted in environmental sciences to screen and identify numerous chemicals simultaneously in highly complex samples. However, current data processing software either lack functionality for environmental sciences, solve only part of the workflow, are not openly available and/or are restricted in input data formats. In this paper we present patRoon , a new R based open-source software platform, which provides comprehensive, fully tailored and straightforward non-target analysis workflows. This platform makes the use, evaluation and mixing of well-tested algorithms seamless by harmonizing various common (primarily open) software tools under a consistent interface. In addition, patRoon offers various functionality and strategies to simplify and perform automated processing of complex (environmental) data effectively. patRoon implements several effective optimization strategies to significantly reduce computational times. The ability of patRoon to perform time-efficient and automated non-target data annotation of environmental samples is demonstrated with a simple and reproducible workflow using open-access data of spiked samples from a drinking water treatment plant study. In addition, the ability to easily use, combine and evaluate different algorithms was demonstrated for three commonly used feature finding algorithms. This article, combined with already published works, demonstrate that patRoon helps make comprehensive (environmental) non-target analysis readily accessible to a wider community of researchers.
Cooling rate dependence of structural properties of aluminium during rapid solidification

Constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations and a systematic analysis of the local atomic structures have been performed to study the structural evolution of aluminium on different cooling runs. The regular and defective icosahedral atomic configurations depend strongly on the cooling rate, which is responsible for the cooling rate dependence of the enthalpy. In the simulated amorphous aluminium there exist three kinds of microstructure unit that do not depend on the cooling rate. Two of them are similar to those in the fcc crystal containing interstitialcy and hardly change with decreasing temperature after the glass formation. The third can be considered as crystal germs. Our results also suggest that there exists a critical cooling rate below which the icosahedra form a percolating cluster and the glass exhibits high stability. At a certain quenching rate that is slower than this critical cooling rate, the strength of the icosahedron clusters infinite network may have a saturation value, i.e. a maximum. This may be the origin of the existence of an ideal quenching rate at which the glass exhibits the highest structural stability.
Running head: FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANXIETY 1 The Lived Experience of Immigrants to Canada: Effect of Foreign Language Anxiety on Self-Efficacy in the Acculturation Process by

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the essence of the lived experiences of new immigrants to Canada who experience anxiety associated with communication in language which is foreign for them. The particular interest of this research is the effect of Foreign Language Anxiety of the immigrants' sense of self-efficacy. This paper presents literature review of available research of Foreign Language Anxiety phenomenon, which mostly had been focused on the classroom settings. This research proposed to collect data using in-person, semi-structured interviews with ten adults, regardless of gender, who moved to Canada and whose English is not a native language. Running head: FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANXIETY 3
Simultaneous Determination of Five Active Constituents in the Aerial Parts of Saururus chinensis by HPLC-DAD

Abstract The chemical profile of five main bioactive constituents including rutin, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, quercitrin and sauchinone in extract of Saururus chinensis was studied using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS). The HPLC-DAD conditions were optimized for the simultaneous analysis of these five compounds. This method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity (R2 > 0.9987), precision (<6.4% RSD), and recoveries (93.9 − 103.0%). The limits of detection of these compounds were ranged from 38.7 to 648.4 ng. In addition, the seasonal variation of the chemical composition of these main compounds in S. chinensis was investigated using this validated method, which resulted in a significant difference in the contents of these compounds according to the harvest time.