Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of children with screening-identified evidence of celiac disease.

OBJECTIVE At-risk groups commonly undergo screening for autoantibodies associated with celiac disease (CD). However, the clinical significance of a positive test remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth and clinical features of children who test positive for an autoantibody associated with CD. METHODS A case-control study of Denver area healthy infants and young children with and without CD autoantibodies was conducted. A cohort of HLA-characterized children were followed prospectively since birth for the development of immunoglobulin A antitissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (TG). Clinical evaluation, questionnaire, blood draw, and small bowel biopsy were performed. Growth and nutrition and frequency of positive responses were measured. RESULTS Compared with 100 age- and gender-matched TG-negative controls, 18 TG-positive children, 5.5 +/- 0.5 years of age, had a greater number of symptoms and lower z scores for weight-for-height and for body mass index. Responses that were independently associated with TG-positive status were irritability/lethargy, abdominal distention/gas, and difficulty with weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Screening-identified TG-positive children demonstrate mild alterations in growth and nutrition and report more symptoms than control subjects. Additional study is needed on the benefit and risk of identifying CD in at-risk groups.
On the duality of source and channel correlations: Slepian-Wolf relaying viewpoint

In this paper, we derive the theoretical outage probability of a transmission system in the presence of source and channel correlations in the block Rayleigh fading channels, based on the Slepian-Wolf theorem. Two transmitters and one common receiver are assumed, where the correlation knowledge between the two source information streams can be expressed as a bit-flipping model. The information bits at each transmitter are separately encoded and sent to a common decoder. In addition, we also assume the channels suffering from independent or correlated Rayleigh fading. It is known that the outage event happens when the instantaneous signal noise ratio (SNR) is lower than the given threshold ratio. This paper shows that the outage probability of the system model described above can be expressed by double integrals of the admissible rate region according to the Slepian-Wolf theorem, with respect to the joint probability density function (pdf ) of the corresponding instantaneous signal amplitudes (or the equivalent SNRs) of the channels. The results show that the second order diversity of the theoretical outage curves can be achieved if and only if the two information streams are fully correlated, regardless of the channels being independent or not. On the contrary, the channel correlation makes opposite influence on the decay of the outage probability. However, if the two streams are not fully correlated, this influence gradually disappears as the average SNRs increases. In this sense, the source and channel correlation problems are dual with each other.
Quantitative field studies on a carbon dioxide chemotropism of mosquitoes.

Summary Carbon dioxide, released at rates of approximately 25 ml. , 250 ml. and 2,500 ml. per minute, was successfully employed as a host-simulating mosquito attractant. These rates were selected because they represent approximately the average amounts of carbon dioxide given off by chicken, man, and horse or cow, respectively. Large numbers of female mosquitoes of several species were attracted into traps baited with these concentrations of carbon dioxide. The various species of mosquitoes responded differently. Aedes nigromaculis was attracted in the greatest numbers to the higher concentrations. More Culex quinquefasciatus were attracted to the least amount. Culex tarsalis was greatly attracted to all three concentrations, but the largest numbers were attracted to the traps where the rate of release was highest. These observations are correlated with available knowledge of the host preference habits of these species and they suggest a direct interrelationship of host-seeking and carbon dioxide chemotropism. These observations are of potential value in epidemiological studies of mosquito-borne diseases and offer a new investigative tool in such research.
The amino acid pool in Escherichia coli.

Bacteria maintain internally synthesized small molecules at high internal concentrations and in addition have the capacity to concentrate many compounds from the environment. Since the majority of these compounds are intermediates in synthesis, they are collectively termed the pool of metabolic intermediates or, simply, the "pool. " However, the state of organization and ultimate chemical fate of exogenous compounds concentrated by the cell may be different from those of identical compounds synthesized by the cell.
Modified architecture for real-time face detection using FPGA

In this paper, we introduce modified hardware architecture with key features of lessening the resource usage of the FPGA and elevating the face detection frame rate. The system is based on well-known Viola Jones Framework which consists of AdaBoost algorithm integrated with Haar features. We also enlist the modification in hardware design techniques to achieve more parallel processing and higher detection speed of the system. The system implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA development board outputs a high face detection rate (91.3%) at 60 frame/second for a VGA (640 × 480) video source. The power consumption of the implementation is 2.1 W.
ICESat Altimetry Data Product Verification at White Sands Space Harbor

Three unique techniques have been developed to validate the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) mission altimetry data product and implemented at White Sands Space Harbor (WSSH) in New Mexico. One specific technique at WSSH utilizes zenith-pointed sensors to detect the laser on the surface and enable geolocation determination of the altimeter footprint that is independent of the data product generation. The system of detectors also registers the laser light time of arrival, which is related to the data product time tag. Several overflights of the WSSH have validated these time tags to less than 3plusmn1 mus. The ground-based detector system also verified the laser illuminated spot geolocation to 10.6 m (3.5 arcsec) plusmn4.5 m on one occasion, which is consistent with the requirement of 3.5 m (1sigma). A third technique using corner cube retroreflector signatures in the altimeter echo waveforms was also shown to provide an assessment of the laser spot geolocation. Although the accuracy of this technique is not equal to the other methodologies, it does offer position determination for comparison to the spacecraft altimetry data product. In addition, elevation verifications were made using the comparison of the ICESat elevation products at WSSH to those acquired with an airborne light detection and ranging. The elevation comparisons show an agreement to within plusmn34 cm (plusmn6.7 cm under best conditions) which indicate no significant errors associated with the pointing knowledge of the altimeter
Predicting the poverty impacts of trade reform

Abstract Quantifying how international trade affects poverty in developing countries is currently an area of intense research activity. This paper surveys the developments taking place, identifies four major methodological groupings, and summarizes preliminary findings from this literature. Methodologies currently used include ‘bottom-up’ approaches based on detailed household expenditure data, and ‘top-down’ approaches based on national accounts data. The survey's general conclusion is that any analysis of trade and poverty needs to be informed by both perspectives, and indeed, an increasing number of studies do so in what can be labelled ‘micro–macro’ synthesis. Future work should be directed towards improving the treatment of factor markets, domestic marketing costs, taxes and transfer payments, as well as devoting more attention to the reconciliation of household survey with national accounts data.
Stability of stochastic θ-methods for stochastic delay integro-differential equations

In this paper, we are concerned with the numerical stability of linear stochastic delay integro-differential equations (SDIDEs). A sufficient condition for mean square stability of the exact solution of a linear SDIDE with multiplicative noise is derived. Then the mean square stability of stochastic θ-methods is investigated, and it is shown that the numerical solution can reproduce the mean square stability of the exact solution under appropriate conditions. At last, we present some numerical experiments to support our conclusions.
DIRECT SELECTION ON LIFE SPAN IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

An important issue in the study of the evolution of aging in Drosophila melanogaster is whether decreased early fecundity is inextricably coupled with increased life span in selection experiments on age at reproduction. Here, this problem has been tackled using an experimental design in which selection is applied directly to longevity. Selection appeared successful for short and long life, in females as well as males. Progeny production of females selected for long life was lower than for short‐lived females throughout their whole life. No increase of late‐life reproduction in long‐lived females occurred, as has been found in selection experiments on age at reproduction. This discrepancy is explained in terms of the inadequacy of the latter design to separate selection on life span from selection on late‐life fecundity. Moreover, starvation resistance and fat content were lower for adults selected for short life. In general, the data support the negative‐pleiotropy–disposable‐soma theory of aging, and it is hypothesized that the pleiotropic allocation of resources to maintenance versus to reproduction as implicated in the theory might involve lipid metabolism. It is argued that further research on this suggestion is urgent and should certainly comprise observations on male reproduction because these are for the greater part still lacking. In conclusion, the longevity of D. melanogaster can be genetically altered in a direct‐selection design, and such an increase is accompanied by a decreased general reproduction and thus early reproduction.
Chronic Unclassified Polyarthritis : A Rare Presentation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Background: Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the predominant cause of hypercalcemia. The commonest cause of PHPT is parathyroid adenoma (85%) along with parathyroid hyperplasia or carcinoma. The asymptomatic disease could manifest with different and protean symptoms including neuromuscular and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The delayed diagnosis allows bony lesions to progress to osteitis fibrosa cystica and brown tumor. Case Description: An unusual case of PHPT presented with unclassified chronic polyarthritis for 18 months. The condition was associated with history of recurrent renal stones. Due to improper history taking, lack of routine screening for serum calcium and incompliance of the patient, the diagnosis of PHPT was delayed till osteitis fibrosa cystica occurred. Following admission to hospital for assessment of his arthritic illness, diagnosis of PHPT due to parathyroid adenoma was made. Right hemi-thyroidectomy with excision of the right superior and inferior parathyroid glands was done. Two-years follow-up revealed dramatic improvement after surgery. Conclusion: Proper history taking, high index of suspicion and routine chemistry investigations could enable early diagnosis of PHPT. Patients with unclassified arthritis should be screened for the possibility of PTH excess or hypercalcemia to exclude hyperparathyroidism.
Reliability improvement in planar MONOS cell for 20nm-node multi-level NAND Flash memory and beyond

20nm-node planar MONOS cell which has improved reliability is developed. Extremely wide program/erase Vth window and good retention characteristics after cycling stress are obtained by buried charge cell structure. Moreover, Vth shift by interference between adjacent cells has smaller dependence on the cell-cell space than Vth window improvement when the half pitch is constant. These results show that the buried charge planar MONOS cell is suitable for Flash memory with 20nm-node and beyond.
Role of a Peptide Tagging System in Degradation of Proteins Synthesized from Damaged Messenger RNA

Variants of λ repressor and cytochrome b562 translated from messenger RNAs without stop codons were modified by carboxyl terminal addition of an ssrA-encoded peptide tag and subsequently degraded by carboxyl terminal-specific proteases present in both the cytoplasm and periplasm of Escherichia coli. The tag appears to be added to the carboxyl terminus of the nascent polypeptide chain by cotranslational switching of the ribosome from the damaged messenger RNA to ssrA RNA.
Modulation of GST P1‐1 activity by polymerization during apoptosis

Glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) belong to a large family of functionally different enzymes that catalyze the S‐conjugation of glutathione with a wide variety of electrophilic compounds including carcinogens and anticancer drugs. Drug resistance may result from reduction in apoptosis of neoplastic cells when exposed to antineoplastic drugs. The c‐Jun N‐terminal Kinase (JNK) belongs to the family of stress kinases and has been shown to be required for the maximal induction of apoptosis by DNA‐damaging agents. Recently, an inhibition of JNK activity by GST P1‐1, which was reversed by polymerization induced by oxidative stress, has been reported in 3T3‐4A mouse fibroblast cell lines. The finding that GST P1‐1 might inhibit JNK activity and that it is frequently highly expressed in tumor tissues suggests its possible implication in “apoptosis resistance” during antineoplastic therapy. We investigated the modulation of GST P1‐1 during apoptosis in a neoplastic T‐cell line (Jurkat) induced by hydrogen peroxide and etoposide. Apoptosis was paralleled by the appearance of a dimeric form of GST P1‐1 on western blotting, associated with an increase in the KmGSH and a reduction in GST P1‐1 specific activity toward 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene, which reached statistical significance only in H2O2‐treated cells. Our data seem to suggest that H2O2 and etoposide may partly act through a process of partial inactivation of the GST P1‐1, possibly involving the “G” site in the process of dimerization, and thus favoring programmed cell death. J. Cell. Biochem. 77:645–653, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group E Gene Product DDB2 Activates Nucleotide Excision Repair by Regulating the Level of p21Waf1/Cip1

ABSTRACT The xeroderma pigmentosum group E gene product DDB2, a protein involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER), associates with the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex Cul4A-DDB1. But the precise role of these interactions in the NER activity of DDB2 is unclear. Several models, including DDB2-mediated ubiquitination of histones in UV-irradiated cells, have been proposed. But those models lack clear genetic evidence. Here we show that DDB2 participates in NER by regulating the cellular levels of p21Waf1/Cip1. We show that DDB2 enhances nuclear accumulation of DDB1, which binds to a modified form of p53 containing phosphorylation at Ser18 (p53S18P) and targets it for degradation in low-dose-UV-irradiated cells. DDB2−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), unlike wild-type MEFs, are deficient in the proteolysis of p53S18P. Accumulation of p53S18P in DDB2−/− MEFs causes higher expression p21Waf1/Cip1. We show that the increased expression of p21Waf1/Cip1 is the cause NER deficiency in DDB2−/− cells because deletion or knockdown of p21Waf1/Cip1 reverses their NER-deficient phenotype. p21Waf1/Cip1 was shown to bind PCNA, which is required for both DNA replication and NER. Moreover, an increased level of p21Waf1/Cip1 was shown to inhibit NER both in vitro and in vivo. Our results provide genetic evidence linking the regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 to the NER activity of DDB2.
Generalizations of the Strong Arnold Property and the Minimum Number of Distinct Eigenvalues of a Graph

For a given graph G and an associated class of real symmetric matrices whose off-diagonal entries are governed by the adjacencies in G, the collection of all possible spectra for such matrices is considered. Building on the pioneering work of Colin de Verdiere in connection with the Strong Arnold Property, two extensions are devised that target a better understanding of all possible spectra and their associated multiplicities. These new properties are referred to as the Strong Spectral Property and the Strong Multiplicity Property. Finally, these ideas are applied to the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues associated with G, denoted by q(G). The graphs for which q(G) is at least the number of vertices of G less one are characterized.
The evolution of resistance to cephalosporins.

The expression of resistance to cephalosporins is highly varied and due to various mechanisms. The greatest disadvantage of the cephalosporins is that they are inactivated by the array of beta-lactamases produced by bacteria. The high levels of chromosomal enzymes produced by these organisms are a major cause of cephalosporin resistance. Plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases (PMBLs) have also been implicated as causes of resistance, and other cephalosporinases have been described. Point mutations of specific amino acids of well-recognized PMBLs (e.g., TEM-1 and SHV-1) have also produced enzymes capable of attacking a wider spectrum of beta-lactam agents. The availability of newer beta-lactams may be conducive to the development of such beta-lactamases, in which chromosomal and newer plasmid derivatives that may or may not contain the AmpC gene are selected. The occurrence of such enzymes is likely to continue to increase.
Nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure improves ventilatory efficiency during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVES Chronic heart failure is closely related to impaired cardiorespiratory reflex control, including decreased ventilatory efficiency during exercise (Ve/Vco(2)-slope) and central sleep apnea (CSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and nocturnal oxygen therapy alleviate CSA. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of nocturnal CPAP and oxygen therapy on Ve/Vco(2)-slope. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospective controlled trial at a university hospital. PATIENTS Twenty-six stable patients with chronic heart failure and CSA. INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS Ten patients received nocturnal oxygen, and 16 patients were assigned to CPAP treatment. At baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment, symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed on a cycle ergometer. Expiratory gas was analyzed breath by breath for evaluation of ventilation and ventilatory efficiency in combination with arteriocapillary blood gas analysis during rest and exercise. RESULTS CPAP treatment significantly reduced the Ve/Vco(2)-slope (31.2 +/- 1.6 vs 26.2 +/- 1.0, p = 0.005) and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [31.7 +/- 2.6% vs 35.7 +/- 2.7%, p = 0.041]. CPAP treatment significantly reduced the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) [35.9 +/- 4.0/h vs 12.2 +/- 3.6/h, p = 0.002]. Peak oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) [16.2 +/- 1.1 L/min/kg vs 16.3 +/- 1.2 L/min/kg, p = 0.755] remained similar after CPAP treatment. Oxygen therapy reduced the AHI (28.8 +/- 3.2/h vs 8.7 +/- 4.1/h, p = 0.019), but did not improve exercise capacity (peak Vo(2), 15.4 +/- 1.5 L/min/kg vs 15.6 +/- 1.9 L/min/kg, p = 0.760), LVEF (30.9 +/- 2.4% vs 32.5 +/- 2.3%, p = 0.231), or the Ve/Vco(2)-slope (30.0 +/- 1.5 vs 29.8 +/- 1.5, p = 0.646). CONCLUSION Nocturnal CPAP and oxygen therapy alleviate CSA to a similar degree. Only CPAP therapy may improve ventilatory efficiency during exercise and may have favorable effects on LVEF. Therefore, our data suggest that CPAP is advantageous compared to oxygen in the treatment of CSA in patients with chronic heart failure.
An instrumentation amplifier with low offset-error drift for radiometric applications

This paper presents a high-precision instrumentation amplifier for interfacing differential output of power sensor in microwave total power radiometer. This amplifier is based on commercially available chopper op-amps and comprises a differential amplifier, active low-pass filter, single-ended to differential output buffer. For improving CMRR and offset-error drift, precision foil-resistors are used in op-amps external feedback. The experimental hybrid circuit has been designed and its performance characteristics were measured in different temperature points. To verify offset-error drift in a long time period the measurements were repeated after 2 years of this circuit usage. The results of measurements of gain, CMRR, white noise, offset-errors and output voltage stability analysis, based on the Allan Variances calculations, are given. Proposed instrumentation amplifier provides 11 nV/sqrt(Hz) input-referred voltage noise and 100 V/V differential signal gain in the frequency range from DC to 10 kHz which lies in the first Nyquist zone of chopping frequency equal to 200 kHz. 12 nV/0C and 160 nV per 2 years offset voltage drift (referred to input) were achieved.
Automated Ranking for Web Databases using K-Means Algorithm and UQDR Approach

The Usage of internet in now a day is more and it became necessity for the people to do some applications such as searching web data bases in domains like Animation, vehicles, Movie, Real estates, etc. One of the problems in this context is ranking the results of a user query. Earlier approaches for addressing this problem have used frequencies of database values, query logs, and user profiles. A common thread in most of these approaches is that ranking is done in a user-and/or query-independent manner. This paper simulates the usage of ranking query results based on user and query Dependent ranks by taking user and query similarities as input including the workload. K-Means algorithm used for cluster and re ranking process, multiple database system used for clustering the data. Among rank learning methods, ranking SVM has been favorably applied to various applications, e.g., optimizing search engines, improving data retrieval quality. We define these similarities formally in discuss their effectiveness analytically and experimentally over two distinct web databases.
Mössbauer studies of iron hydride at high pressure.

We have measured {ital in} {ital situ} Moessbauer spectra of iron hydride made in a diamond anvil cell at high pressure and room temperature. The spectra show a sudden change at 3.5{plus minus}0.5 GPa from a single hyperfine pattern to a superposition of three. The former pattern results from normal {alpha}-iron with negligible hydrogen content, and the latter from residual {alpha}-iron plus newly formed iron hydride. Between 3.5 and 10.4 GPa, the extra hydride pattern have hyperfine fields for one ranging from 276 to 263 kOe, and the other, from 317 to 309 kOe. Both have isomer shifts of about 0.4 mm/sec, and negligible quadrupole splittings. X-ray studies on quenched samples have shown that iron hydride is of double hexagonal close-packed structure, whose two nonequivalent iron sites may account for the observation of two different patterns. Even allowing for the effect of volume expansion, the observed isomer shifts for the hydride are considerably more positive than those of other metallic phases of iron. At the same time, the hyperfine fields are slightly smaller than that of {alpha}-iron. As a possible explanation, one may expect a bonding of hydrogen with iron, which would result in a small reduction of 4{ital s}more » electrons, possibly accompanied by a small increase of 3{ital d} electrons compared with the neutral atom in metallic iron. The difference between the hyperfine fields in the two spectra are presumably due to the different symmetry at the two iron sites. « less