Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric quality control of Eclipse treatment planning system using pelvic digital test object

Last year, we demonstrated the feasibility of a new method to perform dosimetric quality control of Treatment Planning Systems in radiotherapy, this method is based on Monte-Carlo simulations and uses anatomical Digital Test Objects (DTOs). The pelvic DTO was used in order to assess this new method on an ECLIPSE VARIAN Treatment Planning System. Large dose variations were observed particularly in air and bone equivalent material. In this current work, we discuss the results of the previous paper and provide an explanation for observed dose differences, the VARIAN Eclipse (Anisotropic Analytical) algorithm was investigated. Monte Carlo simulations (MC) were performed with a PENELOPE code version 2003. To increase efficiency of MC simulations, we have used our parallelized version based on the standard MPI (Message Passing Interface). The parallel code has been run on a 32- processor SGI cluster. The study was carried out using pelvic DTOs and was performed for low- and high-energy photon beams (6 and 18MV) on 2100CD VARIAN linear accelerator. A square field (10x10 cm2) was used. Assuming the MC data as reference, χ index analyze was carried out. For this study, a distance to agreement (DTA) was set to 7mm while the dose difference was set to 5% as recommended in the TRS-430 and TG-53 (on the beam axis in 3-D inhomogeneities). When using Monte Carlo PENELOPE, the absorbed dose is computed to the medium, however the TPS computes dose to water. We have used the method described by Siebers et al. based on Bragg-Gray cavity theory to convert MC simulated dose to medium to dose to water. Results show a strong consistency between ECLIPSE and MC calculations on the beam axis.
A relation between /spl mu/ and generalized L/sub 2/ synthesis for robust tracking and disturbance rejection problems

In Andrea (1995, 1999), a generalized L/sub 2/ framework for controller design has been developed which can be used to solve robust performance problems for systems with full structured LTV uncertainty. LMI solutions have been developed (Andrea, 1999) which offer an attractive alternative to /spl mu/ synthesis involving D-K iteration. The purpose of this paper is to give a tutorial demonstration of a simple relation between generalized L/sub 2/ and /spl mu/ synthesis for simple scalar robust tracking and disturbance problems.
A novel device for non-invasive cerebral perfusion assessment

Currently brain perfusion can be assessed by the means of radio-invasive methods, such as single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography, or by hightech methods such as magnetic resonance imaging. These methods are known to be very expensive, with long examination time, and finally, cannot be used for assessing brain oxygen distribution in relation to exercise and/or cognition-tests. The near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique. In real time it is capable of measuring tissue oxygenation using portable instrumentation with a relative low cost. We and other groups previously adopted this instrument for investigation of the oxygen consumption in the muscles at rest and during exercise. NIRS can be now used to assess brain perfusion through the intact skull in human subjects by detecting changes in blood hemoglobin concentrations. Changes in perfusion can be related to both arterial and venous problems. This novel equipment features allow for a wide field of innovative applications where portability, wearability, and a small footprint are essential. The present review shows how to use it in relation to exercise protocols of the upper and lower extremities, measured in healthy people and in conditions of arterial and chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency.
Subjetividad y educabilidad: orientaciones para la praxis docente

Durante los ultimos diez anos Peiro estuvo en universidades iberoamericanas explicando, como ponente, gestor de cursos, investigando. El tema expone los hallazgos de nuestras investigaciones sobre incivilidad escolar: ensenar valores, desarrollar el autocontrol de emociones, evitar actitudes violentas, etc. El nucleo sobre el que actuar es la subjetividad de los escolares, que aqui desglosamos. Todo esto se expone confrontando legislacion y obras de autores de prestigio. Esto trae que debamos profundizar en el estudio del educando, integrando las aportaciones de las neurociencias y demas materias antropologicas, con el fin de reinterpretar la educabilidad como algo mas que mera ductilidad, sin desprenderse de lo intelectual, afectivo y conductual interactivamente.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT I) is a severe, life-threatening, and immuno- logical drug reaction. According to the clinical-laboratory characteristics, there are two types of HIT: type I (HIT I) and type II (HIT II). HIT I is the result of non-immunologic, direct interaction of heparin with the platelet surface. Contrary, HIT II is immunologically induced (antibody-mediated) and life-threatening side effect of heparin therapy, often associated with thromboembolic complications. All patients receiving heparin are exposed to the development of anti-heparin antibodies, irrespective of the heparin dos- age, type, and method of administration. HIT most commonly develops in intensive care patients, dialyzed patients, and cardiosurgical and orthopedic patients. It commonly develops after 5–10 days of heparin therapy. Platelet count decreases by more than 50% from the baseline and ranges from 20 × 10 9 /L to 100 × 10 9 /L. In HIT II, thromboembolic complications usually include deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, but they also include arterial occlusion of the extremities, myocardial infarction, stroke, and necrosis and organ damage. Clinical assessment of the HIT probability using 4T´s score system, systematic monitoring of platelet number in heparin-receiving patients, and specific laboratory diagnosis of anti-heparin antibodies substantially contribute to the final confirmation of the diagnosis, enable timely administration of direct non-heparin thrombin antagonists, and reduce mortality from thromboembolic complications. and method of administration. HIT most commonly develops in intensive care patients, dialyzed patients, and cardiosurgical and orthopedic patients. Clinical assessment of the HIT probability using 4T scoring system, systematic monitoring of platelet number in heparin-receiving patients, and specific laboratory diagnosis of anti-heparin antibodies substantially contribute to the final confirmation of the diagnosis, enable timely administration of direct non-heparin throm bin antagonists, and reduce mortality from thromboembolic complications.
Impacto de las TIC en la forma de hacer negocios internacionales : una revisión del paradigma ecléctico

En este articulo se presenta la pregunta abierta acerca de una actualizacion del paradigma eclectico, con motivo de las nuevas formas en que se puede invertir en otro pais, que han emergido con fuerza desde la ultima decada del siglo XX. A traves de una revision teorica de todas las teorias habidas hasta la fecha, el desarrollo del modelo OLI de J.H. Dunning y su contraposicion con la realidad que nos envuelve, se plantea la inadecuacion de este modelo desarrollado hace varias decadas para explicar la realidad de la empresas multinacionales desde finales del siglo XX.
Hip-Hop Hamlet: Hybrid Interpretive Discourse in a Suburban High School English Class

This study investigates the collaborative composing processes of a group of five high school seniors who constructed interpretations of each of the five acts of Shakespeare’s Hamlet through the medium of spoken word performances. The group composing processes were analyzed to identify how the students drew on conventions from the spoken word tradition to phrase and perform their interpretations. Findings indicate that across the five spoken word performances, the retelling of the Hamlet narrative involved a set of decisions that were both constrained and afforded by the rap medium. The students’ discussion of how to rewrite the story in the condensed poetic form of a rap required them to clarify events from Shakespeare’s version and both summarize them and interpret them both in their discussion and in their own text. Their interpretive work involved the incorporation of a variety of rap and other pop culture conventions such that their deliberation regarding word choice and accompanying performative elements necessitated careful consideration of the meaning that they found in Shakespeare’s version of the story, itself an adaptation from extant cultural narratives. The study concludes with a consideration of their spoken word interpretations as comprising a hybrid discourse that enabled exploratory interpretive talk that contributed to their understanding of the drama through the collaborative composition of their own representational text.
Theory of Testing Computer Programs

The theoretical works on program testing by Goodenough and Gerhart, Howden, and Geller are unified and generalized by a new theoretical framework for testing presented in this thesis. The framework provides a mechanism for comparing the power of methods of testing programs based on the degree to which the methods approximate program verification. The framework also provides a reasonable and useful interpretation of the notion that successful tests increase one's confidence in the program's correctness. Applications of the framework include confirmation of a number of common assumptions about practical testing methods. Among the assumptions confirmed is the need for generating tests from specifications as well as programs. On the other hand, a careful formal analysis of assumptions surrounding mutation analysis shows that the "competent programmer hypothesis" does not suffice to ensure the claimed high reliability of mutation testing. Responding to the confirmed need for testing based on specifications as well as programs, the thesis describes a new method for generating test data from specifications expressed in predicate calculus. The new method has the advantages that, beside filling the gap just mentioned, it is very general, working on any order of logic, it is easy enough to be of practical use, it can be automated to a great extent, and it produces test data methodically and consistently that are of obvious utility for the problems studied.
Unseen Images: Gigapixel photography and its viewers

Photographs have long been recognized as providing a surfeit of information. This article takes up the recent emergence of gigapixel photography in its various forms as a technology in which the appeal of maximum image density is taken for granted. The article considers the “snapshot” mode of gigapixel photography as it reconfigures the conventional relationship of the viewer of a photograph to the place depicted. By providing an extraordinary quantity of photographic information for a viewer within every single frame, gigapixel “snapshots” produce images that anticipate the active participation of a future viewer, expect multiple reconfigurations of framing edges, and rely on unanticipated content for value and meaning.
Effect of Phyllanthus emblica L. on Immunity Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats (I)

Objective:To study the effect of Phyllanthus emblica L.on liver fibrosis indexes in liver fibrosis rats caused by porcine serum.Method:The rats were injected with porcine serum though intraperitonea to lead to the liver fibrosis,and the rats were given the extraction of P.emblica. With the methods of radioimmunity assay,the HA,PⅢNP,LN,SOD,MDA and Hyp were tested at the same time,the TNF-α,TGF-β were also tested.By doing so,the action mechanisms of P.emblica was explored.Result:The extraction of P emblica was able to reduce the content of TNF-α,TGF-β,HA,PⅢNP,LN,MDA and Hyp.It also increased the activity of SOD.The actions were in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:P.emblica have a good role in anti-liver fibrosis induced by porcine serum in rats.
Aplicación de GP-GPU Computing para la optimización de algoritmos científicos mediante el uso de profiling de hardware

En este articulo presentamos el proyecto de investigacion sobre optimizacion de algoritmos cientificos programados para para arquitecturas many-core. Estas arquitecturas proveen un gran potencial para los algoritmos que optimizaremos gracias a su alto nivel de paralelismo y simplicidad. En particular en este proyecto, se utilizara programacion de procesamiento general para clusters de computadoras con placas graficas (GPUs). En una primera etapa, continuamos la investigacion realizada sobre algoritmos de simulacion tipo N-Body para su optimizacion sobre arquitecturas GPU, esta vez mediante el uso de profilers de hardware. Buscamos determinar cuales son los indicadores que indiquen un potencial para realizar optimizaciones mediante herramientas de profiling que provean informacion obtenida directamente del hardware utilizado. Luego, en una segunda etapa, ampliaremos dicha investigacion para analizar algoritmos de multiplicacion de enteros de tamano arbitrario (Schonhage-Strassen) y de calculo trayectorias de satelites (SGP4 y SDP4). Finalmente, utilizando dicha informacion de profiling tanto de las GPUs como las CPUs, buscamos elaborar una guia de optimizaciones basadas en profiling para algoritmos cientificos –especialmente pensada para clusters de GPUs– que pueda ser consultada por cientificos y programadores de otras areas de la ciencia. En este articulo se presentan las tres etapas que componen este proyecto de investigacion.
Robust Image Retrieval using Dominant Colour with Binarized Pattern Feature Extraction and Fast Correlation

The modern technology providing the sharing of information at very fast rate such as audio, video and images. The sharing of such data also increased as the social networking sites become popular among young generation. Now the online databases of images is so huge having millions of images, and the searching of images we need is crucial task. For such applications various image retrieval methodologies is proposed. In this paper we are proposing very efficient image retrieval technique based on dominant colour features extraction and pattern feature extraction. In the simulation results we have found that from around 6000 images proposed algorithm takes only 1.5 seconds to retrieve results. That is why this approach is significant in terms of retrieval speed.
Outlining the Scope for Public Sector Involvement in Mental Health

The paper documents the large and increasingly important contribution made by mental disorders to the global burden of disease. Disease burden does not provide sufficient justification for public intervention (understood as financing, provision, mandates, regulation or information) in the field of mental health. While there exists cost-effective interventions for some mental health disorders, the existence of such interventions, on their own, does not provide a sufficient basis for public intervention. The popular burden of disease and cost-effectiveness arguments therefore provide a weak foundation upon which to build a case for public intervention - and, a fortiori, for World Bank support to such intervention - in the field of mental health. This paper applies an algorithm for decision-making borrowed from Musgrove (1999) that orders the main criteria for public intervention to the field of mental health. The locus for reform efforts in the field is defined by the gap between the existing and the desirable features of mental health financing and provision.
Evaluation of the Korean Network for Organ Sharing Expanded Donor Criteria in Deceased Donor Renal Transplantation

Ui Jun Park, M.D., Won Hyun Cho, M.D., Hyoung Tae Kim, M.D., Min Young Kim, R.N. , Yong-Lim Kim, M.D., Chan-Duck Kim, M.D., Jang-Hee Cho, M.D., Young Hoon Kim, M.D., Suk Joo Park, M.D., Sang Young Chung, M.D., Soo Jin Na Choi, M.D., Ho Kyun Lee, M.D., Sung Kwang Park, M.D., Sik Lee, M.D. and Hee Chul Yu, M.D. Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Department of Internal Medicine, Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
Natural antioxidants and anticarcinogens in nutrition, health and disease: proceedings of the Second International Conference on Antioxidants and Anticarcinogens in Nutrition.

Oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases and ageing oxidative stress and antioxidants in type II diabetes dietary intake, bioavailability and antioxidative effects of flavonoids and phenolics antioxidative effects of other natural antioxidants and measurement of oxidative stress or damage natural antioxidants or pro-oxidants in foods and nutrition dietary intakes and modes of action of potentially anticarcinogenic dietary compounds antioxidants, oxidative damage and cancer subject index.
Inactive and Alone

Background and Purpose— One way that stroke units may improve outcome is by reducing complications of immobility through early mobilization; however, this intervention needs testing. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical activity patterns of stroke patients managed within acute stroke units as a first step in developing an early mobilization protocol. Methods— We recruited 64 patients within 14 days after stroke from 5 metropolitan stroke units and observed them for 2 consecutive days at 10-minute intervals between the hours of 8 am and 5 pm. At each observation, we ascertained physical activity, location, and other person(s) present. Therapists recorded therapy details. Results— The 58 patients who completed the study had a mean age of 71.3 years. Stroke severity ranged from mild (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, 1) to severe (score, 27), and mean time after stroke at observation was 5.6 days (range, 0 to 13 days). Only 9 patients were restricted to bed. During the ther.
Understanding Big Data: Analytics for Enterprise Class Hadoop and Streaming Data

Big Data represents a new era in data exploration and utilization, and IBM is uniquely positioned to help clients navigate this transformation. This book reveals how IBM is leveraging open source Big Data technology, infused with IBM technologies, to deliver a robust, secure, highly available, enterprise-class Big Data platform. The three defining characteristics of Big Data--volume, variety, and velocity--are discussed. You'll get a primer on Hadoop and how IBM is hardening it for the enterprise, and learn when to leverage IBM InfoSphere BigInsights (Big Data at rest) and IBM InfoSphere Streams (Big Data in motion) technologies. Industry use cases are also included in this practical guide. Learn how IBM hardens Hadoop for enterprise-class scalability and reliability Gain insight into IBM's unique in-motion and at-rest Big Data analytics platform Learn tips and tricks for Big Data use cases and solutions Get a quick Hadoop primer
Subtyping in alloy

A type system for the Alloy modelling language is described that supports subtypes and allows overloading of relation names. No special syntactic features needed to be added to the language to support the type system; there are no casts, and the meaning of a model can be understood without reference to types. Type errors are associated with expressions that are irrelevant, in the sense that they can be replaced by an empty relation without affecting the value of their enclosing formula. Relevance is computed with an abstract interpretation that is relatively insensitive to standard algebraic manipulations. The typechecker for the system is presented in the context of Alloy Analyzer 3.0. Its architecture is explained in terms of key data abstractions, algorithms, and complexity analyses.
Le rôle modérateur de l'explication donnée à la réussite d'un modèle féminin sur la performance des filles en mathématiques : une étude exploratoire

Les evaluations nationales francaises montrent chaque annee une meilleure reussite des garcons par rapport aux filles sur certains exercices de mathematiques. L’originalite de notre etude est d’etudier comment l’explication donnee a la reussite en mathematiques (efforts vs dons) d’un modele feminin pourrait moderer la performance des filles en mathematiques. Des filles et des garcons de CM2 ont realise un test de mathematiques difficile apres avoir ete exposes a un modele feminin se presentant comme doue ou comme fournissant des efforts en mathematiques. Conformement a notre hypothese, avec un modele feminin faisant des efforts (reussite controlable), les filles reussissent mieux en mathematiques qu’avec un modele doue (reussite non controlable). L’interet d’expliquer les raisons de la reussite d’un modele est discute.
Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients

* All drug monographs fully updated in the light of current knowledge * Important new content including 40 new drug monographs and IR spectra figures * New two colour printing to further enhance usability in daily practice * Directory of suppliers updated and indexed by country and by monograph, providing quick access to worldwide trade name and supplier information, including the specific grades or types of excipients that are commercially available.
Sharing: Culture and the Economy in the Internet Age

Sharing - 2[-]Acknowledgments - 8[-]Contents - 10[-]List of Figures - 12[-]List of Tables - 14[-]1 Introduction - 16[-]Setting the scene - 20[-] 2 The Internet and creativity debate - 22[-] 3 The value of non-market sharing - 28[-] 4 Sustainable resources for creative activities - 50[-]The Creative Contribution - 58[-] 5 Which rights for whom? A choice of models - 60[-] 6 Defining rights and obligations - 80[-] 7 How much? - 90[-] 8 Sustainable financing for the commons - 128[-]Implementation - 136[-] 9 Organization and complementary policy measures - 138[-] 10 Usage measurement for equitable rewards - 146[-] 11 Clarification and counter-arguments - 158[-] 12 From proposal to reality - 170[-]Appendixes - 180[-] A Diversity of attention for beginners - 182[-] B The total cost of rewards and their distribution - 194[-] C Modeling usage measurement - 200[-]Notes - 208[-]Bibliography - 222[-]Index - 232
Study of DC bias of power transformer based on UMEC model

DC bias of power transformer can lead to distortion of excitation current, reactive power increasing and winding overheating, which will seriously affecting the safe operation of the power grid. To study DC bias is of great significance on the safe operation of transformer. Based on the Unified Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (UMEC) model of transformer, the excitation current and its harmonic when DC bias occurs had been analyzed by using PSCAD in this paper. The tolerance abilities of transformers with different structures under DC bias have been compared. With finite element software of Maxwell 2D, the model of transient electromagnetic field of single-phase transformer had been established to analyze the internal magnetic field variations in core and yoke under different DC currents. It can be seen that the leakage flux gradually increased with the saturation of the core, which lead to the increase of eddy-current loss. The highest temperature appeared in the junction of yoke and core. The influence of the transformer DC bias on the single-phase transformers is the most severe, and the least severe on 3-phase 3-limb transformers.