Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utilização de ácido butírico encapsulado no controle de Salmnoella enterica sorovar enteritidis em frangos de corte experimental inoculados

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o acido butirico encapsulado no controle de Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis, desempenho e saude sistemica de frangos de corte experimentalmente inoculados. Foram utilizados 576 pintos machos de um dia de idade distribuidos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com oito tratamentos e seis repeticoes cada. As aves foram inoculadas via oral ao primeiro dia de idade com 0,3 mL de solucao salina tamponada, contendo aproximadamente 2,0 x 10 6 UFC/mL de Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis. O tratamento 1 (T1) consistiu o grupo controle (Placebo); T2 – recebeu o acido butirico na dose de 0,03%; T3 – recebeu o acido butirico na dose de 0,075%; T4 – recebeu o acido butirico na dose de 0,15%; T5 – grupo inoculado via oral (Controle positivo SE); T6 – inoculado via oral tratado com 0,03%; T7 - inoculado via oral tratado com 0,075%; T8 - inoculado via oral tratado com 0,15%. Aos 22 dias de idade, as aves foram re-inoculadas com 0,5 mL de solucao salina tamponada, contendo concentracao superior a 1,0 x 10 9 UFC/mL de Salmonella. O acido butirico favoreceu o desempenho ate os 21 dias. O acido reduziu a populacao intestinal de E. coli. O pH intestinal nao foi influenciado pelo acido butirico, porem Salmonella promoveu reducao. Aos 14 dias, a acidificacao influenciou o crescimento das vilosidades do jejuno e Salmonella provocou reducao nas vilosidades e maior relacao vilo : cripta no duodeno e jejuno. Nao foi isolado Salmonella dos suabes de cloaca coletados das aves que receberam a dose de 0,03%. Salmonella reduziu o peso do intestino. A colonizacao de Salmonella nos orgaos aos oito e 28 dias de idade foi reduzida na presenca do acido. Peso do figado foi menor nas aves inoculadas e maior nas aves nao inoculadas e tratadas com 0,03% aos 15 dias. O baco foi menor nas aves inoculadas que receberam a dose de 0,03%, aos oito dias. Salmonella reduziu o peso da bursa aos 15 dias. A acidificacao da dieta reduziu a deplecao linfoide no grupo inoculado. Salmonella influenciou a producao de anticorpos contra Doenca de Newcastle e Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis. A dose de 0,15% aumentou a producao de anticorpos contra Doenca de Newcastle no grupo inoculado e de anticorpos contra Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis no grupo nao inoculado aos 42 dias. A mortalidade das aves nao diferiu entre os tratamentos. Conclui-se que, dentre as dosagens pesquisadas, a inclusao de 0,03% promoveu os melhores resultados no desempenho e efeitos beneficos sobre a saude intestinal e biometria de orgaos. A dose de 0,15% melhorou a imunidade humoral das aves.
Effects of Melatonin on Some Antioxidant Enzymes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of melatonin application in experimentally induced diabetes. For this purpose, thirty two adult male Wistar Albino rats were used. Animals in control group were not any treatment. Melatonin group animals received 50 mg/kg melatonin intraperitoneally in daily for eight weeks. Diabetes was induced by subcutaneous injections of streptozotocin at dose of 40 mg/kg for two days as a single dose per day in diabetes group animals. Animals in Diabetes+Melatonin group were made diabetic by streptozotocin in the same way and then these animals received 50 mg/kg melatonin intraperitoneally in daily for eight weeks. In blood samples taken from all animals, insulin, glucose, HbA1c, MDA, GSH, SOD were determined. The insulin level in diabetes group was lower than control group, while blood glucose level was higher (p<0.05). Melatonin treatment to diabetic animals resulted in significantly differences in these parameters compared to diabetes group (p<0.05). HbA1c in diabetes group was higher than control group (p<0.05). Melatonin application to diabetic animals significantly decreased HbA1c compared to diabetes group (p<0.05). In diabetes group, GSH and SOD levels were found to be lower than control group, whereas MDA level were high (p<0.05). The changes in GSH and SOD levels with melatonin application to diabetic animals were not important compared to diabetes group, while MDA level was significantly reduced (p<0.05). As a result, we concluded that the melatonin treatment to experimentally induced diabetic rats obviously improved the some negative changes in metabolic parameters resulting from diabetes.
Effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin applications on periodontal regeneration in infrabony pocket treatment

One of the regenerative periodontal treatments for infrabony pocket is open flap debridement (OFD) with the addition of growth factor derived from platelet concentrate. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) is a further development of plateletrich fibrin (PRF) with a lower centrifugation speed (1,500 rpm, 14 minutes). The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in periodontal tissue regeneration after the application of A-PRF and PRF in the treatment of infrabony pockets evaluated from probing depth (PD), relative attachment loss (RAL), and alveolar bone height. The samples were taken from 20 infrabony pockets divided into 2 groups: 10 subjects were treated with OFD+A-PRF and OFD+PRF on the remaining subjects. Probing depth (PD) and relative attachment loss (RAL) measurement were performed on days 0, 30, and 90. Bone height measurements were performed using CBCT X-rays on days 0 and 90. The results showed that PD and RAL reduction in the group of OFD+A-PRF was significantly greater than that in the OFD+PRF group. Bone height reduction in both groups showed no difference. The conclusion obtained from this study is A-PRF application enhances periodontal tissue regeneration by generating greater probing depth and relative attachment loss reduction compared toPRF, as well as an increase in bone height similar to in the treatment of infrabony pockets.
New Roles for Actin-Binding Proteins and PIP 2 in Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis

Spatiotemporal increase of the intracellular Ca2+ is the most universal way to regulate the function of a eukaryotic cell. Owing to a host of actin-binding proteins and enzymes whose activities are modulated by the local concentration of Ca2+, free Ca2+ in cytosol serves as a pivotal second messenger in a variety of cell functions. The rise and fall of intracellular Ca2+ wave has been best illustrated in eggs at fertilization. However, the molecular mechanism by which intracellular Ca2+ is increased in the fertilized egg is largely unknown despite the discoveries of the distinct Ca2+-mobilizing second messengers in the past 30 years. In this thesis, I have used the starfish oocytes to study how Ca2+ signaling can be modulated by the actin cytoskeleton, which is known to be dynamically remodelled during meiotic maturation and fertilization of the egg. The principal issues of my experimental work are: (i) to establish the role of actin-binding proteins and PIP2 in the regulation of the Ca2+ signaling; (ii) to study the effect of the Ca2+-store depletion on Ca2+ signaling and on the structure and function of the actin cytoskeleton, and (iii) to study the role of the actin-cytoskeleton in establishing the block to polyspermy. Microinjected into starfish eggs, actin-binding protein gelsolin, function-blocking antibody to depactin, and the PHVsequestering fusion protein that indirectly alters the actin cytoskeleton, all changed a certain aspect of Ca2+ signaling. Depletion of the Ca2+ store with ionomycin in turn drastically changed the cortical structure and the actin cytoskeleton of the eggs, eventually leading to a deleterious effect on egg activation and early development. Finally, the alteration of the actin cytoskeleton led to failure to establish a fast and slow block to polyspermy. Taken together, this study indicated that the actin cytoskeleton is an important factor that optimizes the Ca2+ response at egg activation and guides monospermic fertilization.
A review of current and future food applications of natural hydrocolloids

The main aim of this review paper was to focus on current and potential future sources and food applications of natural hydrocolloids in the food industry. The emerging research trends, problems, new methods and alternative approaches in production, environmental concerns, market trends and newly discovered health benefits have been discussed for natural hydrocolloids of commercial relevance. The rheological and surface active properties, interactions, functional properties, films and coatings, encapsulation applications and nanotechnology uses of natural hydrocolloids have been discussed in the light of recent developments. This review also reflected the most up‐to‐date concepts of applying natural hydrocolloids to meet consumer's and food sector's sophisticated demands related to food products.
Are we overrating the extra-skeletal benefits of oral vitamin D supplementation?

Vitamin D (Vit D) is a fat-soluble hormone poorly present in food, which is endogenously produced mainly through the biological conversion of its precursors into the biologically active form (1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol) triggered by ultraviolet radiation exposure from either sunlight or, less frequently, indoor tanning (1).
Side‐by‐side comparison of composition and structural properties of wheat, rye, oat, and maize bran and their impact on in vitro fermentability

Background and objectives Compared to wheat bran, less information on physicochemical characteristics and health-related effects is available for bran from other cereals and results are often confounded by residual endosperm. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare structure and composition of endosperm-depleted bran of wheat, rye, oat, and maize, and link these characteristics to fecal fermentation characteristics. Findings Compared to wheat, endosperm-depleted rye bran contained twice the amount of fructan (8.0% dm) and water-extractable arabinoxylan (1.4% dm). Oat bran had a more open structure and was rich in (1,3:1,4)-beta-glucan (17.0% dm). For rye and oat bran, and to a lesser extent wheat bran, fermentation with fecal microbiota resulted in short chain fatty acid production, with full metabolization of fructan and beta-glucan after 2 and 24 hr of fecal fermentation, respectively. For maize bran, a less accessible structure containing over 70% of arabinoxylan and cellulose was coupled to a lower degree of fecal fermentation. Conclusion Removal of endosperm as a confounding factor when studying bran properties allowed us to obtain more accurate estimates of the composition, structure, and some physicochemical characteristics of bran of wheat, rye, oat, and maize. Bran fecal fermentation characteristics were mainly determined by composition and to a lesser extent by accessibility of the structure. Significance and novelty This is the first study that compares composition, structure, and fecal fermentation characteristics of wheat, rye, oat, and maize bran, after eliminating endosperm as a confounding factor. The knowledge obtained will allow a more goal-oriented choice of bran type for incorporation into food products, depending on targeted physiological effects and nutritional impact.
Development of a Protocol to Study Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells Behavior on a Natural Biologic Bronchial Matrix

Selma Ben Hamouda*, Amandine Vargas, Roxane Boivin, Maria Angelica Miglino, Renata Kelly da Palma and Jean-Pierre Lavoie*. Department of Clinical Sciences of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Local 3433, St-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2 Qc, Canada 2 School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo. Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 CEP 05508-270 São Paulo SP Brazil Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia C. Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 08028 Barcelona
Nucleoli and Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein (PML) bodies are phase separated nuclear protein quality control compartments for misfolded proteins

ABSTRACT We uncovered a role for nucleoli and PML-bodies as phase-separated protein quality control organelles that compartmentalize protein quality control factors and misfolded proteins for their efficient clearance. Failure to dispose misfolded proteins converts nucleoli and PML-bodies into a solid state that immobilizes ubiquitin, limiting its recycling for genome integrity maintenance.
Influence of Ionic Liquids on Structure and Rheological Behaviors of Silica-Filled Butadiene Rubber

Nanoparticle dispersion is important for the performance of rubber compounds. Herein, ionic liquids (ILs) and silane are used to prepare silica-filled butadiene rubber vulcanizates. The results show that replacement of a half of silane by ILs could greatly improve the dispersions of silica and zinc oxide, restrain the migration of sulfur and other additives inside the composite, and maintain the cross-linking degree of the matrix possibly by suppressing the adsorption of sulfur and other additives by silica. The regulated filler dispersity and matrix cross-linking strongly influence the dynamic rheological behaviors of the vulcanizates as a function of silica volume fraction. In comparison with silane, the introduction of ILs could improve the reinforcement effect, reduce energy dissipation, and lower the frequency dependences of loss modulus and loss tangent in the linear region.
Effects of Aromatherapy on Labor Pain & Perception of Childbirth Experience

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to verify the effects of aromatherapy on labor pain and perception of the childbirth experience. Methods: This study was a nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design. The subjects of this experiment consisted of forty eight primiparas without problems during the gestation period. Twenty four primiparas in the experimental group were given general obstetric nursing care with aromatherapy every two hours. Twenty four primiparas in the control group were given general obstetric nursing care only. Data was collected for labor pain measured by a labor pain expression scale, uterine contraction activity measured by Montevideo units in the latent phase, active phase, and transition phase and the perception of childbirth experience 24hours after birth. Data was analyzed by t-test, and repeated measures of ANOVA with an SPSS program. Results: No significant group effects were found, but significant time effects were found for labor pain, and uterine contraction activity. There was no significant difference in postpartum mothers' perception about childbirth. Conclusion: In this study, effects of aromtherapy decreasing labor pain expression, and increasing the perception of childbirth was not found.
Treatment of Glioblastoma Using Multicomponent Silica Nanoparticles

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains highly lethal. This partially stems from the presence of brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs), a highly plastic cellular subpopulation that is resistant to current therapies. In addition to resistance, the blood–brain barrier limits the penetration of most drugs into GBMs. To effectively deliver a BTIC‐specific inhibitor to brain tumors, a multicomponent nanoparticle, termed Fe@MSN, which contains a mesoporous silica shell and an iron oxide core, is developed. Fibronectin‐targeting ligands direct the nanoparticle to the near‐perivascular areas of GBM. After Fe@MSN particles are deposited in the tumor, an external low‐power radiofrequency (RF) field triggers rapid drug release due to mechanical tumbling of the particle resulting in penetration of high amounts of drug across the blood–brain tumor interface and widespread drug delivery into the GBM. The nanoparticle is loaded with the drug 1400W, which is a potent inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). It is shown that iNOS is preferentially expressed in BTICs and is required for their maintenance. Using the 1400W‐loaded Fe@MSN and RF‐triggered release, in vivo studies indicate that the treatment disrupts the BTIC population in hypoxic niches, suppresses tumor growth and significantly increases survival in BTIC‐derived GBM xenografts.
Magnetoplasmadynamic two-stage micro-cathode arc thruster for CubeSats

The addition of the acceleration stage to a micro-cathode vacuum arc thruster (μCAT) increases the thrust and the specific impulse. This improves the control of small satellites’ orbital parameters and, therefore, the overall efficiency of this thruster for CubeSats. In this article, we show that the second accelerating stage based on the magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) approach allows improvements not only to the thrust (almost twice, from 9 to 18 μN), but the thrust-to-power ratio (in 53%, from 3.2 to 4.9 μN W−1) of the low-power (several W) miniature (several cm—size) μCAT, firing at a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz. A significant advantage of the μCAT-MPD approach is the griddle construction, a design that helps to overcome the loss of ions along the grid cells in the case of gridded ion acceleration stage.
ONE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT, CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT, AND EVALUATION FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS

The One Health concept is of critical importance to public health. The One Health concept promotes awareness and understanding of the interconnections among human, animal and environmental health. This study was designed to target middle school students in order to promote the One Health concept and thereby have a long-range impact on their health through education. In the first phase of the study, two Kansas public middle schools were identified as the sites for the research: one on a military base and the other in an affluent suburban community. A sample population of 198 students participated in a One Health Knowledge Assessment to determine their One Health related knowledge in order to have an understanding of their knowledge base. It was found that on average the students responded to 70% of the knowledge assessment questions correctly. In the second phase of the research, a different group of 292 students from the same schools attended a One Health lesson and performed pre-lesson and post-lesson surveys to determine the extent to which they gained knowledge about the One Health concept. The student learning outcome was a mean gain of learning score of g=0.42± 0.09. This study provided information about middle school students’ knowledge of the One Health concept and ability and interest to learn more. This outcome could positively impact the health of these students and their communities.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Hyphaene thebaica fruits and their in vitro pharmacognostic potential

Hyphaene thebaica fruit extracts were applied as a low cost bio-reductant as well as capping agents for the biosynthesis of anisotropic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs (4.5 nm–70 nm) revealed interesting morphologies and were characterized through diverse techniques. Characteristic Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) was observed at 411 nm which was stable in different physiochemical buffers suggesting excellent stability of silver. Zeta potential was recorded as −0.346 mV. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed formation of crystalline silver in pure phase also complemented by EDS (Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy). Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated involvement of different phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents. High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscopy revealed interesting morphologies like spherical, rods, cubes etc. The multifunctional nanomedicinal application of AgNPs were assessed using different in vitro assays like antibacterial, antifungal, enzyme inhibition, antioxidant etc. AgNPs effectively inhibited bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal strains of Aspergillus flavus and Mucor sp. Excellent DPPH radical scavenging (86%) is reported at 400 μg ml−1, while good total antioxidant capacity is observed. A dose dependant cytotoxicity is reported while blood compatibility at low doses is observed. AgNPs also revealed inhibition of protein kinase enzyme.
Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Solanum nigrum L.: Cytotoxicity, Induction of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle in Breast Cancer Cells, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and cell cycle effect of four fractions obtained from the whole aerial part of Solanum nigrum, against three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, A2780, and HT29) and one normal cell line (MRC-5). Materials and Methods: MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the four fractions. Then, the most active fraction (ethyl acetate) was further examined by annexin V propidium iodide (PI)/FITC apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis in MCF7 cells followed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results: The highest growth inhibition activity was obtained by the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 10–12 µg/ml) against the three cell lines and that fraction spared the normal cell line MRC5 with IC50 of 31.78 µg/ml. Annexin V PI/FITC revealed a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis in MCF7 cells when treated the ethyl acetate fraction; which also caused a non-dose dependent S phase arrest. The GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed fatty acids and esters of fatty acids as the significant components. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction from S. nigrum strongly inhibited the growth of breast, ovarian, and colon cancer cell lines, and it was three folds selective against the normal fibroblasts. It also caused the induction of early apoptosis and S phase cell cycle block at 10 µg/mL. Future bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction could reveal the active compounds, which can be more investigated in further studies.
Public Health Genomics

Each paper needs an abstract of up to 200 words. It should contain the following information: Background/Aims/Objective(s), Methods, Results, Conclusion(s). Footnotes: Avoid footnotes. When essential, they are numbered consecutively and typed at the foot of the appropriate page. Tables and illustrations: Tables and illustrations (both numbered in Arabic numerals) should be prepared on separate pages. Tables require a heading and figures a legend, also prepared on a separate page. Due to technical reasons, figures with a screen background should not be submitted. When possible, group several illustrations in one block for reproduction (max. size 180 × 223 mm) or provide crop marks. Each illustration must be labelled with its number and the first author’s name. B/w half-tone and color illustrations must have a final resolution of 300 dpi after scaling, line drawings one of 800–1,200 dpi. Figure files must not be embedded in a document file but submitted separately (see detailed instructions at www.karger. com/phg/). Color illustrations Online edition: Color illustrations are reproduced free of charge. In the print version, the illustrations are reproduced in black and white. Please avoid referring to the colors in the text and figure legends. Print edition: Up to 6 color illustrations per page can be integrated within the text at CHF 800. – per page. Nomenclature, Abbreviations, Symbols and Further Suggestions Human gene symbols: Only official gene symbols of the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) are accepted. Authors must obtain or verify the official gene symbol of the gene(s) mapped and indicate that they have done so in the manuscript submitted. This can be accomplished for human genes by contacting Submission Only original papers written in English are considered and should be submitted using the online website at: