Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligence Expert System of Transformer Running State Diagnosis Based on Acoustic Signal Analyzing

There are many kinds of external phenomena with power equipments running state changing, and one of the important characters is acoustic signal mutation when power transformer would get out of order. But it is difficult to judge the acoustic change degree and describe the failure character scientifically only by human subjective sensation. The acoustic monitoring can be realized with non-contact measurement, the committed step is the acoustic signal processing, and intelligence fault diagnosis scheme is presented in this thesis. After acoustic signal collected in substation, the layer threshold de-noising algorithm is utilized, the signal characteristics based on wavelet package is extracted to be the gist of knowledge acquisition and consequence, and the fault diagnosis expert system is designed by acoustic quantative analysis. Through acoustic signal analyzing experiments, the effects of the de-noising algorithm and signal characteristics extraction method have been verified. The acoustic wave diagnosis expert system can solve many problems because of the high voltage and powerful electromagnetic field of the power system, and it would be a good reference to many power equipment fault identify.
Phospholipase Cγ2 Plays a Role in TCR Signal Transduction and T Cell Selection

One of the important signaling events following TCR engagement is activation of phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ). PLCγ has two isoforms, PLCγ1 and PLCγ2. It is known that PLCγ1 is important for TCR signaling and TCR-mediated T cell selection and functions, whereas PLCγ2 is critical for BCR signal transduction and BCR-mediated B cell maturation and functions. In this study, we report that PLCγ2 was expressed in primary T cells, and became associated with linker for activated T cells and Src homology 2-domain containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa and activated upon TCR stimulation. PLCγ1/PLCγ2 double-deficient T cells displayed further block from CD4 and CD8 double-positive to single-positive transition compared with PLCγ1 single-deficient T cells. TCR-mediated proliferation was further impaired in PLCγ1/PLCγ2 double-deficient T cells compared with PLCγ1 single-deficient T cells. TCR-mediated signal transduction, including Ca2+ mobilization and Erk activation, was further impaired in PLCγ1/PLCγ2 double-deficient relative to PLCγ1 single-deficient T cells. In addition, in HY TCR transgenic mouse model, thymic positive and negative selections were reduced in PLCγ1 heterozygous- and PLCγ2 homozygous-deficient (PLCγ1+/−PLCγ2−/−) relative to wild-type, PLCγ2 single-deficient (PLCγ2−/−), or PLCγ1 heterozygous-deficient (PLCγ1+/−) mice. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PLCγ2 participates in TCR signal transduction and plays a role in T cell selection.
Detection of incomplete rectangular contours with application in archaeology

We introduce a feature useful for detection of structures in images that are perceived as approximate rectangular contours. Given a set of extracted line segments, this rectangularity feature quantifies the degree of alignment of an optimal subset with a contour of rectangular shape, arbitrary size, and aspect ratio. The rectangularity feature has high values not only for perfect rectangles, but also for rectangles with distorted angles, fragmented, or with a completely missing side. However, it has zero response for configurations of lines that do not form at least three sides of a rectangular contour. This feature is based on a graph with nodes corresponding to line segments in a particular neighborhood and with edges encoding spatial relations between the lines. It is defined as the maximum of a target function of node and edge attributes of the graph cliques. The target function assigns high values to nearly convex line configurations with angles close to zero or right angles. We show that the rectangularity feature is effective for detection of ruins of rectangular livestock enclosures in high-resolution remotely sensed images. We also show how to improve the detection performance using an additional feature that quantifies the size of a structure, and by learning a linear feature combination from a small number of representative examples of the livestock enclosures and a large number of available negatives.
High-frequency uniform asymptotics for the Helmholtz equation in a quarter-plane

We demonstrate an approach to derive uniform and point-wise asymptotic formulas based on Fokas’ transform method. To this aim, we study the high-frequency uniform asymptotics for the solution of the Helmholtz equation, in a quarter plane and subject to a specific Neumann condition. The analysis is based on the integral representation of the solution derived via Fokas’ transform method. In the case of piecewise constant boundary data, full point-wise asymptotic expansions of the solution are obtained by using the method of steepest descents for definite integrals. A uniform asymptotic expansion, holding in the whole quadrant, is also derived in terms of the complementary error function. The uniform expansion exhibits smooth transitions across certain critical vertical lines, along which the point-wise asymptotic approximations have jumps.
A study of depression and anxiety among doctors working in emergency units in Denizli, Turkey

Background: Major work has been carried out on the psychological well-being of emergency room doctors in the US, Canada and in other developed countries, but little has been published regarding the same in the countries in economic transition. Objective: To determine the level of, and the factors related to, depression and anxiety among doctors working in emergency units in Denizli, Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2004, using a sample of 192 doctors employed in emergency units in Pamukkale University Hospital, the City Hospital, the Social Security Hospital, private hospitals, citywide primary healthcare centres and 112 emergency services in Denizli, Turkey. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire, including questions on sociodemographic characteristics and two instruments determining the level of depressive symptoms and anxiety. Logistic regression was the method chosen for multivariate statistical analysis. Results: The mean (standard deviation (SD)) depression score was 10.6 (6.5) and the frequency (%) of depression was 29 (15.1). Not having any hobby and having high anxiety scores were salient factors among doctors experiencing depressive symptomatology in bivariate comparisons. Logistic regression analysis showed that not having any hobby (p = 0.07) and having increased anxiety scores (p<0.001) were positive contributors to depression scores. The mean (SD) anxiety score was 8.7 (8.2) and the frequency (%) of anxiety was 28 (14.6). Being a woman, having a low monthly income and having high depression scores contributed considerably to the anxiety of doctors in bivariate comparisons. Low monthly income (<1000 v 1000–2000 YTL) (p = 0.03), the number of years spent in emergency units (p = 0.03) and having high depression scores (p<0.001) were the factors that contributed significantly to the anxiety of doctors in the multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: The considerable amount of depression and anxiety found among doctors in this study should trigger further work. Studies using more powerful designs would help to illuminate the factors leading to depression and anxiety, which result in attrition among doctors from emergency units.
Heat-related and cold-related deaths in England and Wales: who is at risk?

Background: Despite the high burden from exposure to both hot and cold weather each year in England and Wales, there has been relatively little investigation on who is most at risk, resulting in uncertainties in informing government interventions. Objective: To determine the subgroups of the population that are most vulnerable to heat-related and cold-related mortality. Methods: Ecological time-series study of daily mortality in all regions of England and Wales between 1993 and 2003, with postcode linkage of individual deaths to a UK database of all care and nursing homes, and 2001 UK census small-area indicators. Results: A risk of mortality was observed for both heat and cold exposure in all regions, with the strongest heat effects in London and strongest cold effects in the Eastern region. For all regions, a mean relative risk of 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.03) was estimated per degree increase above the heat threshold, defined as the 95th centile of the temperature distribution in each region, and 1.06 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.06) per degree decrease below the cold threshold (set at the 5th centile). Elderly people, particularly those in nursing and care homes, were most vulnerable. The greatest risk of heat mortality was observed for respiratory and external causes, and in women, which remained after control for age. Vulnerability to either heat or cold was not modified by deprivation, except in rural populations where cold effects were slightly stronger in more deprived areas. Conclusions: Interventions to reduce vulnerability to both hot and cold weather should target all elderly people. Specific interventions should also be developed for people in nursing and care homes as heat illness is easily preventable.
Psychological treatments versus treatment as usual for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

BACKGROUND Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic anxiety disorder associated with significant morbidity, social impairment and lower quality of life. Psychological treatments are a frequently used approach for OCD. OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review of randomised trials of psychological treatments for obsessive compulsive disorder in comparison with treatment as usual. SEARCH STRATEGY We conducted an electronic search of CCDANCTR-Studies (31/10/2006), and other databases. We searched reference lists, and contacted experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Published and unpublished randomised trials of psychological treatments versus treatment as usual for adults with a diagnosis of OCD DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors worked independently throughout the selection of trials and data extraction. Findings were compared and disagreements were discussed with a third review author. Full data extraction, using a standardised data extraction sheet, was performed on all studies included in the review. Results were synthesised using Review Manager software. For dichotomous data, odds ratios were calculated. For continuous data, effect sizes were obtained and the standardised mean difference, with 95% confidence intervals, was calculated. Fixed and random effects models were used to pool the data. Reasons for heterogeneity in studies were explored and sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding trials of lower quality. MAIN RESULTS Eight studies (11 study comparisons) were identified, all of which compared cognitive and/or behavioural treatments versus treatment as usual control groups. Seven studies (ten comparisons) had usable data for meta-analyses. These studies demonstrated that patients receiving any variant of cognitive behavioural treatment exhibited significantly fewer symptoms post-treatment than those receiving treatment as usual (SMD -1.24, 95% CI -1.61 to -0.87, I(2) test for heterogeneity 33.4%). Different types of cognitive and/or behavioural treatments showed similar differences in effect when compared with treatment as usual. The overall treatment effect appeared to be influenced by differences in baseline severity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review suggest that psychological treatments derived from cognitive behavioural models are an effective treatment for adult patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Larger high quality randomised controlled trials involving longer follow up periods are needed, to further test cognitive behavioural treatments, and other psychological approaches, in comparison to each other and control conditions. Future trials should examine the predictors of response to each treatment, and also conduct cost-effectiveness evaluations.
Signalling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐3 is sufficient for lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐3 (VEGFR‐3) has an essential role in the development of embryonic blood vessels; however, after midgestation its expression becomes restricted mainly to the developing lymphatic vessels. The VEGFR‐3 ligand VEGF‐C stimulates lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice and in chick chorioallantoic membrane. As VEGF‐C also binds VEGFR‐2, which is expressed in lymphatic endothelia, it is not clear which receptors are responsible for the lymphangiogenic effects of VEGF‐C. VEGF‐D, which binds to the same receptors, has been reported to induce angiogenesis, but its lymphangiogenic potential is not known. In order to define the lymphangiogenic signalling pathway we have created transgenic mice overexpressing a VEGFR‐3‐specific mutant of VEGF‐C (VEGF‐C156S) or VEGF‐D in epidermal keratinocytes under the keratin 14 promoter. Both transgenes induced the growth of lymphatic vessels in the skin, whereas the blood vessel architecture was not affected. Evidence was also obtained that these growth factors act in a paracrine manner in vivo. These results demonstrate that stimulation of the VEGFR‐3 signal transduction pathway is sufficient to induce specifically lymphangiogenesis in vivo.
Statins and outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with community acquired pneumonia: population based prospective cohort study

Objectives To determine whether statins reduce mortality or need for admission to intensive care in patients admitted to hospital with community acquired pneumonia; and to assess whether previously reported improvements in sepsis related outcomes were a result of the healthy user effect. Design Population based prospective cohort study. Setting Six hospitals in Capital Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Participants Adults admitted to hospital with pneumonia and categorised according to use of statins for at least one week before admission and during hospital stay. Main outcome measures Composite of in-hospital mortality or admission to an intensive care unit. Results Of 3415 patients with pneumonia admitted to hospital, 624 (18%) died or were admitted to an intensive care unit. Statin users were less likely to die or be admitted to an intensive care unit than non-users (50/325 (15%) v 574/3090 (19%), odds ratio 0.80, P=0.15). After more complete adjustment for confounding, however, the odds ratios changed from potential benefit (0.78, adjusted for age and sex) to potential harm (1.10, fully adjusted including propensity scores, 95% confidence interval 0.76 to1.60). Conclusions Statins are not associated with reduced mortality or need for admission to an intensive care unit in patients with pneumonia; reports of benefit in the setting of sepsis may be a result of confounding.
Bilayered anatomically constrained split-and-merge expectation maximisation algorithm (BiASM) for brain segmentation

Dealing with pathological tissues is a very challenging task in medical brain segmentation. The presence of pathology can indeed bias the ultimate results when the model chosen is not appropriate and lead to missegmentations and errors in the model parameters. Model fit and segmentation accuracy are impaired by the lack of flexibility of the model used to represent the data. In this work, based on a finite Gaussian mixture model, we dynamically introduce extra degrees of freedom so that each anatomical tissue considered is modelled as a mixture of Gaussian components. The choice of the appropriate number of components per tissue class relies on a model selection criterion. Its purpose is to balance the complexity of the model with the quality of the model fit in order to avoid overfitting while allowing flexibility. The parameters optimisation, constrained with the additional knowledge brought by probabilistic anatomical atlases, follows the expectation maximisation (EM) framework. Split-and-merge operations bring the new flexibility to the model along with a data-driven adaptation. The proposed methodology appears to improve the segmentation when pathological tissue are present as well as the model fit when compared to an atlas-based expectation maximisation algorithm with a unique component per tissue class. These improvements in the modelling might bring new insight in the characterisation of pathological tissues as well as in the modelling of partial volume effect.
Ride On! Mobility Business Models for the Sharing Economy

The public perception of shared goods has changed substantially in the past few years. While co-owning properties has been widely accepted for a while (e.g., timeshares), the notion of sharing bikes, cars, or even rides on an on-demand basis is just now starting to gain widespread popularity. The emerging “sharing economy” is particularly interesting in the context of cities that struggle with population growth and increasing density. While sharing vehicles promises to reduce inner-city traffic, congestion, and pollution problems, the associated business models are not without problems themselves. Using agency theory, in this article we discuss existing shared mobility business models in an effort to unveil the optimal relationship between service providers (agents) and the local governments (principals) to achieve the common objective of sustainable mobility. Our findings show private or public models are fraught with conflicts, and point to a merit model as the most promising alignment of the strengths of agents and principals.
NEW WORLD SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) AND OLD WORLD SCREWWORM (Chrysomya bezziana)

The New World screwworm1 (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), and the Old World screwworm1 (OWS), Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve, are both obligate parasites of mammals during their larval stages. Both species are in the subfamily Chrysomyinae of the family Calliphoridae of the order Diptera (true flies). Larvae feeding on the skin and underlying tissues of the host cause a condition known as wound or traumatic myiasis, which can be fatal. Infestations are generally acquired at sites of previous wounding, due to natural causes or to animal husbandry practices, but they may also occur in the mucous membranes of body orifices.
Comparaison du profil de santé périnatale des femmes immigrantes haïtiennes à celui des femmes nées au Canada, pour la période 1981-2006, au Québec

Objective: This study aimed to examine birth outcomes among Haitian-born mothers specifically prematurity, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) births and their trends over time in Quebec. Method: Analysing for a 25 years period a cohort of 2 193 637 singleton live births from the Quebec birth file. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine adverse birth outcomes for Haitian-born relative to Canadian-born mothers. Results: Haitian-born mothers had higher proportions of preterm birth, LBW and SGA (8.5%, 7.5% and 12.6% respectively) outcomes than Canadian-born mothers (5.8%, 5.1% and 11.5% respectively). In models accounting for maternal age, education, marital status, gravidity, infant sex and period, Haitian-born had a greater odds of premature births, LBW and SGA (OR 1.44 CI 95% [1,36-1,52]; OR 1.40 95% [1,32-148]; OR 1.09 95% [1,04-1,14] respectively) relative to Canadian-born mothers. When examined over time the odds of premature birth, LBW and SGA increased with time among Haitian-born mothers in Québec. Conclusion: Haitian-born mothers have a greater likelihood of adverse birth outcomes relative to Canadian-born mothers. Research on the factors underlying these associations and interventions to improve prenatal health and reduce health disparity among Haitian-born minority are needed in Quebec.
Reemergence of activation with poststroke somatosensory recovery: A serial fMRI case study

Abstract—The authors demonstrate the potential for poststroke return of activation in regions normally involved in touch discrimination in a serial, whole-brain fMRI study of a patient with marked sensory loss followed by good recovery. A return of activation in ipsilesional primary and bilateral secondary somatosensory cortices was observed at 3 months after stroke and was maintained at 6 months, indicating a reemergence of activation after the interval of somatosensory recovery. There was little evidence of neural plastic changes early after stroke (2 weeks), when sensory loss was severe.
Dendritic cells modulated by innate immunity improve collagen‐induced arthritis and induce regulatory T cells in vivo

Dendritic cells (DCs) mediate interactions between innate and specific immunity and may induce regulatory mechanisms. We investigated the effects of modulated DCs in mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) and tested the responses of cells to induced naturally occurring regulatory T cells. DCs were stimulated or not with DNA or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hr. DC maturation was assayed, and then modulated DCs were intraperitoneally injected on day 14 into DBA/1 mice to treat CIA. In addition to arthritis scores and type 2 collagen (CII) response, the induction of CD4+ CD25+ T cells was analysed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and the expression of Foxp3, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, interleukin (IL)‐10 and cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)‐4 was quantified. Finally, the expression of indoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) was assayed in DCs. In comparison with LPS‐stimulated DCs, plasmid‐stimulated DCs expressed lower levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, CD40, CD80 and CD86 molecules and secreted less IL‐12p70, interferon (IFN)‐γ, IL‐10 and TNF‐α, displaying a semi‐mature phenotype. Compared with non‐stimulated DCs, stimulated DCs improved arthritis scores when injected after immunization, without modifying the T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 balance of the immune response against collagen. Stimulated DCs induced markers for regulatory T cells (Foxp3, TGF‐β1 and CTLA‐4) in vivo. Only LPS‐stimulated DCs expressed IDO, which may explain their better therapeutic efficacy. Regulatory mechanisms were induced using DCs modulated by innate immunity stimulators. Innate immunity mechanisms do not require the presence of the disease‐causing antigen, even in T‐ and B‐cell specific diseases. Our results have implications for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease whose triggering antigen has not been identified, and substantially clarify the role of regulatory T cells in CIA.