Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ProteoChip: A highly sensitive protein microarray prepared by a novel method of protein immobilization for application of protein‐protein interaction studies

We have developed a highly sensitive microarray protein chip, ProteoChip, coated with ProLinker™, novel calixcrown derivatives with a bifunctional coupling property that permits efficient immobilization of capture proteins on solid matrixes and makes high‐throughput analysis of protein‐protein interactions possible. The analysis of quartz crystal microbalance showed that both monoclonal antibody (mAb) and antigen (Ag) bound to the gold film of the sensor surface coated with ProLinker™ B and that it is useful for studies of Ab‐Ag interactions. ProteoChip, aminated glass slide coated with ProLinker™ A, was also demonstrated to be useful for preparation of high‐density array spots by using a microarrayer and for analysis of analyte Ags either by direct or sandwich methods of fluorescence immunoassay. The detection sensitivity of ProteoChip was as low as 1–10 femtogram/mL of analyte protein, useful for detection of tumor markers. ProteoChip was also useful for studies of direct protein‐protein interactions as demonstrated by analysis of integrin‐extracellular matrix protein interaction. These experimental results suggest that ProteoChip is a powerful tool for development of chip‐based lead screening microarrays to monitor protein‐protein interactions (i.e. drug target) as well as for biomarker assays which require high detection sensitivity.
LSHiForest: A Generic Framework for Fast Tree Isolation Based Ensemble Anomaly Analysis

Anomaly or outlier detection is a major challenge in big data analytics because anomaly patterns provide valuable insights for decision-making in a wide range of applications. Recently proposed anomaly detection methods based on the tree isolation mechanism are very fast due to their logarithmic time complexity, making them capable of handling big data sets efficiently. However, the underlying similarity or distance measures in these methods have not been well understood. Contrary to the claims that these methods never rely on any distance measure, we find that they have close relationships with certain distance measures. This implies that the current use of this fast isolation mechanism is only limited to these distance measures and fails to generalise to other commonlyused measures. In this paper, we propose a generic framework named LSHiForest for fast tree isolation based ensemble anomaly analysis with the use of a Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) forest. Being generic, the proposed framework can be instantiated with a diverse range of LSH families, and the fast isolation mechanism can be extended to any distance measures, data types and data spaces where an LSH family is defined. In particular, the instances of our framework with kernelised LSH families or learning based hashing schemes can detect complicated anomalies like local or surrounded anomalies. We also formally show that the existing tree isolation based detection methods are special cases of our framework with the corresponding distance measures. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world benchmark data sets show that the framework can achieve both high time efficiency and anomaly detection quality.
Reversible Glutathionylation of Complex I Increases Mitochondrial Superoxide Formation*

Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria is involved in oxidative damage to the organelle and in committing cells to apoptosis or senescence, but the mechanisms of this increase are unknown. Here we show that ROS production by mitochondrial complex I increases in response to oxidation of the mitochondrial glutathione pool. This correlates with thiols on the 51- and 75-kDa subunits of complex I forming mixed disulfides with glutathione. Glutathionylation of complex I increases superoxide production by the complex, and when the mixed disulfides are reduced, superoxide production returns to basal levels. Within intact mitochondria oxidation of the glutathione pool to glutathione disulfide also leads to glutathionylation of complex I, which correlates with increased superoxide formation. In this case, most of this superoxide is converted to hydrogen peroxide, which can then diffuse into the cytoplasm. This mechanism of reversible mitochondrial ROS production suggests how mitochondria might regulate redox signaling and shows how oxidation of the mitochondrial glutathione pool could contribute to the pathological changes that occur to mitochondria during oxidative stress.
Performance Analysis of MPEG-4 Encoding For Low Bit-Rate Mobile Communications

The transport of multimedia applications over mobile networks with an effective QoS poses a challenge due to noise, high error probability and lower data rates, the factors inherent to mobile environments. Due to better compression techniques and the ability to support wide range of data rates, and its independence from transport, network and physical layer technologies, MPEG-4 (motion picture expert group 4) has become the coding technique of choice for the transport of multimedia applications over mobile networks. This paper reports the work on the performance analysis of the transport of video frames over mobile networks using MPEG-4 video coding techniques
Variance and Skew Risk Premiums for the Volatility Market: The VIX Evidence

We extract variance and skew risk premiums from volatility derivatives in a model-free way and analyze their relationships along with volatility index and equity index returns. These risk premiums can be synthesized through option trading strategies. Using a time series of option prices on the VIX, the most liquid volatility derivative market, we find that variance swap excess return can be partially explained by volatility index and equity index excess returns while these latter variables carry little information for the skew swap excess return. The results sharply contrast with those obtained for the equity index option market underlining very specific characteristics of the volatility derivative market.
Anaesthetists' intentions to violate safety guidelines

The Theory of Planned Behaviour has been used to investigate the likelihood that anaesthetists will routinely perform three violations of safety guidelines. The three violations were: failing to visit patients before surgery, failure to perform pre‐anaesthetic equipment checks and the silencing of alarms during anaesthesia. These suggested violations arose from discussions with the Medical Defence Union. In forming the intention not to perform these violations, anaesthetists are most influenced by their normative beliefs about the violation, i.e. the opinion they believe a group of peers and other significant other people would hold about them performing the violation. The next most influential factor is their personal norms, i.e. beliefs that the individual has about whether the violation is really right or wrong, followed by behavioural beliefs, i.e. beliefs about the consequences of performing the violation, and control beliefs, i.e. beliefs about how much control they have over performing the violation. The results show that the more intense the anaesthetists' belief that the violations were important, the less likely they were to violate, except for the case of alarm silencing. This result suggests that there may be a basic lack of confidence in the reliability of audible alarms that undermines their utility.
Predictive Value of Baseline Electronic Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (eC-SSRS) Assessments for Identifying Risk of Prospective Reports of Suicidal Behavior During Research Participation.

OBJECTIVE Examine the ability of baseline electronic Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior categories to predict prospective reports of suicidal behavior in psychiatric and non-psychiatric research participants. DESIGN Meta-analysis of 74,406 eC-SSRS assessments completed between September 2009 and December 2012. SETTING Thirty-three clinical research studies that used the electronic Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale to assess suicidal ideation and behavior at baseline and prospectively during follow-up visits. PARTICIPANTS Records from 6,760 patients with psychiatric disorders (opioid dependence, generalized anxiety, major depressive, and posttraumatic stress disorders) and 2,077 nonpsychiatric disorder patients (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, epilepsy, fibromyalgia, human immunodeficiency virus, insomnia, multiple sclerosis, osteoarthritis, pain/back pain, Parkinson's disease, restless leg syndrome) were analyzed. MEASUREMENTS Electronic Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale assessment of lifetime suicidal ideation (5 severity levels) and suicidal behavior (4 types) at baseline and prospectively reported suicidal behavior during study participation. RESULTS Increasingly more severe lifetime suicidal ideation at baseline was associated with a progressively greater likelihood of prospectively reported suicidal behavior during study participation. Intent to act on suicidal ideation was most predictive of reports of suicidal behavior. Reports of lifetime suicidal behaviors at baseline also predicted subsequent suicidal behavior, and multiple lifetime behaviors monotonically increased prospective risk of suicidal behavior. Baseline suicidal ideation and behavior predicted future suicidal behavior in both psychiatric and non-psychiatric trials. CONCLUSIONS Lifetime reports of suicidal ideation and/or behavior at baseline significantly increased risk of prospectively reporting suicidal behavior during research trial participation in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric patients. Lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and behavior is higher among psychiatric patients, but also presents a safety concern among nonpsychiatric patients when reported.
A Survey of Mothers' Comfort Discussing Contraception with Infant Providers at Well-Child Visits

Objective: To determine whether mothers feel comfortable with their infants' providers discussing contraception with them at their infants' well-child checks. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sample of 114 mothers presenting at a community family medicine residency program for well-child visits among infants up to 17 months old. Results: Almost all mothers (87%) felt comfortable talking with their infants' providers about contraception and were likely to accept the advice of their infants' providers to see their own doctors regarding contraception (83%) or to use a prescription from their infants' providers for contraception (75%). Conclusion: Many mothers miss or delay their postpartum visits but see their infants' doctor multiple times within the first year. Mothers are comfortable talking with infant providers about contraception. By discussing contraception with mothers at well-child visits, physicians may encourage mothers to use contraception and prevent unintended pregnancies.
Impact of transposable elements on the human genome

Presence of transposable elements (TEs) in the human genome has profound effects on genome function, structure and evolution. TE mobility and inter-TE recombination are the origin of a large spectrum of mutations and genome reorganization leading to diseases. From the data provided by the Human Genome Project and from information on the detection and dynamics of TEs within and between species acquired during the last two decades, we now know that these elements are not only involved in mutagenesis but can also participate in many cellular functions including recombination, gene regulation, protein-coding RNA messages and, possibly, cellular stress response and centromere function. TEs also promote a general genome shuffling process that has been important for the evolution of several gene families and for the development of new regulatory pathways.
Integrated lens antennas for submillimetre-wave applications

• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
ω-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Sensitizing Agents and Multidrug Resistance Revertants in Cancer Therapy

Chemotherapy efficacy is strictly limited by the resistance of cancer cells. The ω-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFAs) are considered chemosensitizing agents and revertants of multidrug resistance by pleiotropic, but not still well elucidated, mechanisms. Nowadays, it is accepted that alteration in gene expression, modulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation, induction of apoptosis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation are involved in ω-3 LCPUFA chemosensitizing effects. A crucial mechanism in the control of cell drug uptake and efflux is related to ω-3 LCPUFA influence on membrane lipid composition. The incorporation of docosahexaenoic acid in the lipid rafts produces significant changes in their physical-chemical properties affecting content and functions of transmembrane proteins, such as growth factors, receptors and ATP-binding cassette transporters. Of note, ω-3 LCPUFAs often alter the lipid compositions more in chemoresistant cells than in chemosensitive cells, suggesting a potential adjuvant role in the treatment of drug resistant cancers.
실업률�?� 고려한 최�? 통화정책 분�? (Unemployment and Optimal Monetary Policy)

Korean Abstract: 경기변동을 설명함에 있어 재화시장의 가격경직성과 함께 임금경직성이 중요하다는 인식이 확대됨에 따라 통화정책에서 차지하는 실업률의 역할 또한 증대되고 있다. 반면, 전통적인 확률적 동학 일반균형(DSGE) 모형에 관한 우리나라의 기존 연구들은 금리준칙의 실물변수로 주로 생산을 고려하고 있다. 또한 생산갭 또는 실업률갭이 불확실하게 관측됨에도 불구하고 중앙은행이 동 변수에 대응하여 통화정책을 운영하는 경우, 중앙은행이 원하는 정책효과를 달성하지 못할 가능성이 있다. 본고에서는 경기변동에서 노동시장이 차지하는 역할 증대와 갭변수의 관측 불확실성 문제를 고려할 때 바람직한 금리준칙의 형태는 무엇인가를 엄밀한 모형을 이용하여 정량적인 분석을 시도하였다. 이를 위해 실업률이 포함된 뉴케인지안 DSGE 모형을 설정하는 한편, 우리나라 자료를 이용하여 모형을 추정한 이후 최적 통화정책 분석을 시도하였다. 분석 결과 실업률 변수에 대응하는 금리준칙의 유용성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 실업률갭보다는 실업률 증가율에 대응하는 금리준칙이 사회후생 손실을 축소시키는 데 효과적인 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 실업률 증가율이 중앙은행의 목적함수에 포함되는 물가상승률, 임금상승률 및 생산갭에 대한 정보를 모두 포함하고 있기 때문이다. 또한 생산갭과 실업률갭이 오차를 포함하여 관측되는 경우에는 동 변수에 대응하는 금리준칙보다는 관측오차가 없는 증가율 변수에 대응하는 금리준칙이 사회후생 손실을 더 축소시키는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 이러한 분석결과는 통화정책을 운영하는 데 있어 물가 및 경제성장 지표와 더불어 실업률도 중요한 지표변수로 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다. English Abstract: This paper studies the role of unemployment as a feedback variable in monetary policy interest rate rules. While labor market variables are perceived to be important ingredients to explain business cycle fluctuations, many new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model literatures based on Korean economy consider output for the real sector variable in the feedback rule. We build a DSGE model with sticky prices and wages and unemployment, estimate the model using Korean data, and compare welfare losses between the rule responding to unemployment and the rule responding to output. We find that the rule responding to unemployment growth is more welfare improving than other rules. It is because unemployment growth contains information on not only output gap, but also price inflation and wage inflation which are components of welfare loss function. Therefore, responding to unemployment growth mitigates inefficiencies from sticky prices and wages at the same time. This result holds with and without uncertainty in output gap and unemployment gap. While, in case of certainty, the rule responding to output gap is more welfare improving than the rule responding to output growth, the result is reversed in case of uncertainty because the rule responding to uncertain output gap measure misleadingly increases fluctuations of other variables. These results imply that, when central banks practice monetary policy, unemployment can be used as a useful feedback variable together with inflation and output variables.
Community and ecosystem ramifications of increasing lianas in neotropical forests

Lianas (woody vines) are increasing in neotropical forests, representing one of the first large-scale structural changes documented for these important ecosystems. The potential ramifications of increasing lianas are huge, as lianas alter both tropical forest diversity and ecosystem functioning. At the community level, lianas affect tree species co-existence and diversity by competing more intensely with some tree species than others, and thus will likely alter tree species composition. At the ecosystem level, lianas affect forest carbon and nutrient storage and fluxes. A decrease in forest carbon storage and sequestration may be the most important ramification of liana increases. Lianas reduce tree growth and increase tree mortality – thus reducing forest-level carbon storage. The increase in lianas, which have much less wood than trees, compensates only partially for the amount of carbon lost in the displaced trees. Because tropical forests contribute approximately one-third of global terrestrial carbon stocks and net primary productivity, the effect of increasing lianas for tropical forest carbon cycles may have serious repercussions at the global scale.
Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma and the Dominant Ovarian Mass: Clues to Serous Tumor Origin?

Pelvic serous cancer is a diverse disease, and the assignment of primary site—ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal—is often problematic. Recent studies indicate that a proportion of these tumors arise from the distal fallopian tube, originating as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). This study examined the relationship of 2 parameters for assigning origin—endosalpingeal involvement and dominant ovarian mass—in the context of STIC. Endometrioid carcinomas served as a reference. Eighty-seven consecutive pelvic serous cancers in which the tubes and ovaries were completely examined (SEE-FIM protocol) were analyzed. The presence of a dominant ovarian mass (DOM+), involvement of the fimbrial mucosa (FIM+), and STIC were correlated. In addition, tumor categories were compared with respect to PAX8, p73, p53, and p16 immunohistochemistry. Of the 27 DOM+ cases, 13 (48%) were FIM+ and a STIC was present in 3 (11%). Of the 60 DOM(−) cases, 48 (78%) were FIM+ and 28 (45%) harbored a STIC. In 92% of all cases, tumor distribution was extensive with bilateral ovarian and extraovarian peritoneal involvement. All tumor categories were immunophenotypically similar. In contrast, DOM+, FIM+, and STIC were found in 81%, 19%, and 0% of ovarian endometrioid carcinomas. In conclusion, there is a significant inverse relationship between DOM+ and STIC (P=0.001), indicating both parameters are of value in grouping pelvic serous carcinomas more likely to be ovarian [DOM+/FIM(−)] versus fimbrial [DOM(−)/STIC], and ovarian or peritoneal surface (DOM−/FIM−) in origin. Nevertheless, the shared immunophenotype suggests a common cell of origin for all categories, irrespective of site.
Thermal Performance Comparison of Thick-Film Insulated Aluminum Substrates With Metal Core PCBs for High-Power LED Modules

Evolution of lumens per watt efficacy has enabled exponential growth in light-emitting diode (LED) lighting applications. However, heat management is a major challenge for an LED module design due to the necessity to conduct heat away from the LED chip. Elevated chip temperatures cause adverse effects on LED performance, lifetime, and color. This paper compares the thermal performance of high-power LED modules made with two types of circuit boards: novel substrates based on insulated aluminum material systems (IAMSs) technology that inherently allows using thermal vias under the LEDs and traditional metal core printed circuit boards (MCPCBs) commonly used with high-power LED applications. IAMS is a thick-film insulation system developed for aluminum that cannot handle temperature higher than 660 °C. The coefficient of thermal expansion of IAMS pastes is designed to match with aluminum, which minimizes any bowing. The thermal via underneath the LED enables excellent thermal performance. More than 7°C reduction in LED junction temperature at 700-mA drive current and 27% reduction in the total thermal resistance from the LED junction to the bottom of the substrate were demonstrated for the IAMS technology when compared with MCPCB. When considering only the thermal resistance of the substrate, reductions of around 70% and 50% were obtained. This versatile and low-cost material system has the potential to make LEDs even more attractive in lighting applications.
Thrombopoietic effect of VPAC1 inhibition during megakaryopoiesis

Megakaryocytes and platelets express the stimulatory G protein (Gs)‐coupled VPAC1 receptor, for which the pituitary adenylyl cyclase‐activating peptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are agonists. The neuropeptide PACAP and VPAC1 were previously found to negatively regulate megakaryopoiesis, and inhibition of their physiological pathway was found to have a thrombopoietic effect in conditions where megakaryo‐poiesis and thrombopoiesis were impaired, such as chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia and congenital thrombocytopenia. The present study explored the thrombopoietic effect of VPAC1 inhibition in a murine model of syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and in passive immune thrombocytopenia. Treatment of donor mice with a neutralizing anti‐VPAC1 antibody stimulated the initial, most critical recovery of the platelets in irradiated mice. In the passive immune thrombocytopenia model, we observed a thrombopoietic effect, resulting in a less severe platelet drop after induction of their removal in the spleen by an anti‐platelet antibody. We concluded that inhibition of the physiological PACAP/VPAC1 pathway could stimulate in vivo megakaryopoiesis. This inhibition can be applied to attenuate thrombocytopenia in conditions where platelets are destroyed as the major pathogenetic mechanism, e.g. immune thrombocytopenia purpura, or need to be produced de novo, e.g. after irradiation and BMT.