Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vascular endothelial growth factor accelerates renal recovery in experimental thrombotic microangiopathy.

BACKGROUND Renal microvascular injury characterizes thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The possibility that angiogenic growth factors may accelerate recovery in TMA has not been studied. METHODS TMA was induced in rats by the selective right renal artery perfusion of antiglomerular endothelial cell IgG (30 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours later, rats received vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF121, 100 microg/kg/day) or vehicle (control) daily until day 14. To evaluate renal function, the unperfused left kidney was removed at day 14, and rats were sacrificed at day 17. RESULTS The induction of TMA was associated with loss of glomerular and peritubular capillary endothelial cells and decreased arteriolar density at day 1. Some spontaneous capillary recovery was present by day 17; however, repair was incomplete, and severe tubulointerstitial damage occurred. The lack of complete microvascular recovery was associated with reduced VEGF immunostaining in the outer medulla. VEGF-treated rats had more glomeruli with intact endothelium, less glomerular ischemia (collapsed glomeruli), and greater peritubular capillary density with less peritubular capillary loss. This was associated with less tubulointerstitial fibrosis, less cortical atrophy, and improved renal function. CONCLUSIONS VEGF accelerates renal recovery in this experimental model of TMA. These studies suggest that angiogenic growth factors may provide a new therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with endothelial cell injury.
The GABAA Receptor γ2 Subunit R43Q Mutation Linked to Childhood Absence Epilepsy and Febrile Seizures Causes Retention of α1β2γ2S Receptors in the Endoplasmic Reticulum

The GABAA receptor γ2 subunit mutation R43Q is an autosomal dominant mutation associated with childhood absence epilepsy and febrile seizures. Previously, we demonstrated that homozygous α1β3γ2L(R43Q) receptor whole-cell currents had reduced amplitude with unaltered time course, suggesting reduced cell surface expression of functional receptors. In human embryonic kidney 293-T cells, we demonstrate that both heterozygous and homozygous α1β2γ2S(R43Q) GABAA receptor current amplitudes were reduced when receptors were assembled from coexpressed α1, β2, and γ2S subunits and from β2-α1 tandem subunits coexpressed with the γ2L subunit. Using fluorescence confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that mutant receptors containing enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-tagged γ2S subunits had reduced surface expression and were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, using biotinylation of surface receptors and immunoblotting, we confirmed that α1β2γ2S(R43Q) receptors had reduced surface expression. These results provide evidence that the γ2S(R43Q) mutation impaired GABAA receptor function by compromising receptor trafficking and reducing surface expression.
Current knowledge of (pro)renin receptor as an accessory protein of vacuolar H+-ATPase

The (pro)renin receptor (P)RR is a receptor for renin and prorenin, not only allowing local production of angiotensin I from angiotensinogen, but also inducing intracellular signaling. Intriguingly, (P)RR is also called ATP6AP2 because a (P)RR fragment was demonstrated to be associated with vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), which is of importance for the maintenance of intracellular pH. Recent studies implicate that deletion of (P)RR results in the dysfunction of V-ATPase, suggesting that the (P)RR is essential for its role as a proton pump. Furthermore, the novel function of (P)RR as an adaptor protein between the Wnt receptor complex and the V-ATPase was discovered. Thus, (P)RR is a multi-functional molecule with functions beyond renin and prorenin. This review focuses on the current knowledge and issues of (P)RR and V-ATPase.
The SINA E 3 Ligase OsDIS 1 Negatively Regulates Drought Response in Rice 1 [ C ] [ W ] [ OA ]

Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha Hunan 410128, China (Y.N., J.L., X.W., X.L., L.D., G.-L.W.); State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (Y.N., Q.Z., H.Z., L.L., S.T., Q.X.); State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (Y.N., G.-L.W.); and Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 (Y.N., C.J., S.C., C.H.P., G.-L.W.)
Isolated dysarthria-facial paresis syndrome: a rare clinical entity which is usually overlooked.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of the study is to search the lesion localization of the pure isolated facial paresis-dysarthria syndrome in patients who were admitted to our neurology clinic in a prospective study. METHODS Over a period of six years, the patients who had no prominent sensorimotor dysfunction were examined by neurologists and underwent computerized tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS Eleven patients out of more than 2000 had the aforementioned clinical picture. Lacunar infarctions were identified at the corona radiata in nine patients, and at the internal capsule in two patients. As reported previously, facial paresis was usually mild and temporary. Six of our eleven patients were seen at the outpatient clinic one month later. Four of them had completely recovered and the other two had mild dsyarthria without any facial paresis. The other five could not be reached after leaving the hospital. CONCLUSIONS Dysarthria-facial paresis is a rare clinical entity and possibly a variation of dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome, and we suggest that pure facial paresis (FP) and pure dysarthria should be considered as very extreme examples of this syndrome.
Chondrocyte apoptosis following intraarticular fracture in humans.

OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the present study was to establish the degree to which chondrocyte apoptosis occurs in vivo following intraarticular fractures in humans. DESIGN Fracture cartilage specimens were obtained from patients undergoing surgical intervention for fractures of the articular surface of the proximal tibia. Normal proximal tibia cartilage specimens served as controls. Apoptotic chondrocytes were identified and quantified using TUNEL analysis. RESULTS The percentage of TUNEL positive chondrocytes in the fractured articular cartilage specimens (mean 18.5%, range 1-44%) was found to be an order of magnitude higher than the percentage observed in control specimens (mean 1.9%, range 0-4%). CONCLUSIONS The percentage of TUNEL positive chondrocytes following intraarticular fracture is much higher than that reported for chronic degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. These data provide strong evidence that chondrocyte apoptosis is a consequence of intraarticular fracture and suggest that chondrocyte apoptosis may play a particularly significant role in the subsequent development of post-traumatic arthritis.
Preexisting Antibody Response against 2009 Pandemic Influenza H1N1 Viruses in the Taiwanese Population

ABSTRACT A novel pandemic influenza H1N1 (pH1N1) virus spread rapidly across the world in 2009. Due to the important role of antibody-mediated immunity in protection against influenza infection, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based microneutralization test to investigate cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against the 2009 pH1N1 virus in 229 stored sera from donors born between 1917 and 2008 in Taiwan. The peak of cumulative geometric mean titers occurred in donors more than 90 years old and declined sharply with decreasing age. Sixteen of 27 subjects (59%) more than 80 years old had cross-reactive antibody titers of 160 or more against the 2009 pH1N1 virus, whereas none of the donors from age 9 to 49 had an antibody titer of 160 or more. Interestingly, 2 of 51 children (4%) from 6 months to 9 years old had an antibody titer of 40. We further tested the antibody responses in 9 of the 51 pediatric sera to three endemic seasonal influenza viruses isolated in 2006 and 2008 in Taiwan, and the results showed that only the 2 sera from children with antibody responses to the 2009 pH1N1 virus had high titers of neutralizing antibody against recent seasonal influenza virus strains. Our study shows the presence of some level of cross-reactive antibody in Taiwanese persons 50 years old or older, and the elderly subjects who may already have been exposed to the 1918 virus had high titers of neutralizing antibody to the 2009 pH1N1 virus. Our data also indicate that natural infection with the Taiwan 2006 and 2008 seasonal H1N1 viruses may induce a cross-reactive antibody response to the 2009 pH1N1 virus.
Hepatic peroxisome proliferation: induction by two novel compounds structurally unrelated to clofibrate

Two hypolipidemic compounds [ 4-chloro-6(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinyl-thio] acetic acid, and 2-chloro-5(3,5-dimethylpiperidinosufony)benzoic acid (tibric acid) greatly increased the number of peroxisomes (microbodies) in liver cells of rats and mice. This augmented peroxisome population was accompanied by significant elevation of liver catalase activity. These two hypolipidemic peroxisome proliferators are structurally different from ethyl a-p-chlorophenozyisobutyrate (clofibrate) and other hypolipidemic, arylocyisobutyrate derivatives which cause hepatic peroxisome proliferation. Induction of peroxisome proliferation by these structurally unrelated hypolipidemic compounds suggests a possible relation between hepatic peroxisome proliferation and hypolipidemia.
Resolvin D1 and Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Promote Resolution of Allergic Airways Responses

Asthma is a disease of airway inflammation that in most cases fails to resolve. The resolution of inflammation is an active process governed by specific chemical mediators, including D-series resolvins. In this study, we determined the impact of resolvin D1 (RvD1) and aspirin-triggered RvD1 (AT-RvD1) on the development of allergic airway responses and their resolution. Mice were allergen sensitized, and RvD1, AT-RvD1 (1, 10, or 100 ng), or vehicle was administered at select intervals before or after aerosol allergen challenge. RvD1 markedly decreased airway eosinophilia and mucus metaplasia, in part by decreasing IL-5 and IκBα degradation. For the resolution of established allergic airway responses, AT-RvD1 was even more efficacious than RvD1, leading to a marked decrease in the resolution interval for lung eosinophilia, decrements in select inflammatory peptide and lipid mediators, and more rapid resolution of airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. Relative to RvD1, AT-RvD1 resisted metabolic inactivation by macrophages, and AT-RvD1 significantly enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of IgG-OVA–coated beads in vitro and in vivo, a new proresolving mechanism for the clearance of allergen from the airways. In conclusion, RvD1 and AT-RvD1 can serve as important modulators of allergic airway responses by decreasing eosinophils and proinflammatory mediators and promoting macrophage clearance of allergen. Together, these findings identify D-series resolvins as potential proresolving therapeutic agents for allergic responses.
Experiences of sexual violence and relocation in the lives of HIV infected Canadian women

Objectives. To investigate the role, if any, that violence and physical relocation may play in the acquisition of HIV infection in Canadian women. Study Design. The present study is qualitative. Methods. Using in-depth open-ended interviews conducted among HIV-positive women volunteers as a method. Results. Twenty women were interviewed. Eighteen of the 20 were of aboriginal (First Nations) ethnicity. All participants reported experiences of isolation and violence in childhood (sexual abuse, domestic violence, emotional abuse). Half of those who experienced childhood sexual abuse reported being afraid to disclose the events to adults at the time due to fear of reprisal and/or shame. The majority reported running away from home to escape violence, with subsequent involvement in the sex trade and drug abuse as economic and emotional survival coping strategies. Half reported previous incarceration in jail. The majority reported that they currently looked to community social programs for guidance and support. Conclusion. Early intervention programs must be implemented in partnership with communities to reduce family violence and create support networks for children, youth and adults at risk.
DNA damage repair and survival outcomes in advanced gastric cancer patients treated with first‐line chemotherapy

The DNA damage response (DDR) network is exploited by cancer cells to withstand chemotherapy. Gastric cancer (GC) carries deregulation of the DDR and harbors genetic defects that fuel its activation. The ATM‐Chk2 and ATR‐Chk1‐Wee1 axes are deputed to initiate DNA repair. Overactivation of these pathways in cancer cells may represent an adaptive response for compensating genetic defects deregulating G1‐S transition (e.g., TP53) and ATM/ATR‐initiated DNA repair (e.g., ARID1A). We hypothesized that DDR‐linked biomarkers may predict clinical outcomes in GC patients treated with chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical assessment of DDR kinases (pATM, pChk2, pChk1 and pWee1) and DNA damage markers (γ‐H2AX and pRPA32) was performed in biological samples from 110 advanced GC patients treated with first‐line chemotherapy, either in phase II trials or in routine clinical practice. In 90 patients, this characterization was integrated with targeted ultra‐deep sequencing for evaluating the mutational status of TP53 and ARID1A. We recorded a positive association between the investigated biomarkers. The combination of two biomarkers (γ‐H2AXhigh/pATMhigh) was an adverse factor for both progression‐free survival (multivariate Cox: HR 2.23, 95%CI: 1.47–3.40) and overall survival (multivariate Cox: HR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.20–3.58). The relationship between the γ‐H2AXhigh/pATMhigh model and progression‐free survival was consistent across the different TP53 backgrounds and was maintained in the ARID1A wild‐type setting. Conversely, this association was no longer observed in an ARID1A‐mutated subgroup. The γ‐H2AXhigh/pATMhigh model negatively impacted survival outcomes in GC patients treated with chemotherapy. The mutational status of ARID1A, but apparently not TP53 mutations, affects its predictive significance.
Inhibition of GSK-3 Selectively Reduces Glucose-6-Phosphatase and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Gene Expression

A major action of insulin is to regulate the transcription rate of specific genes. The expression of these genes is dramatically altered in type 2 diabetes. For example, the expression of two hepatic genes, glucose-6-phosphatase and PEPCK, is normally inhibited by insulin, but in type 2 diabetes, their expression is insensitive to insulin. An agent that mimics the effect of insulin on the expression of these genes would reduce gluconeogenesis and hepatic glucose output, even in the presence of insulin resistance. The repressive actions of insulin on these genes are dependent on phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. However, the molecules that lie between this lipid kinase and the two gene promoters are unknown. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is inhibited following activation of PI 3-kinase and protein kinase B. In hepatoma cells, we find that selectively reducing GSK-3 activity strongly reduces the expression of both gluconeogenic genes. The effect is at the level of transcription and is observed with induced or basal gene expression. In addition, GSK-3 inhibition does not result in the subsequent activation of protein kinase B or inhibition of the transcription factor FKHR, which are candidate regulatory molecules for these promoters. Thus, GSK-3 activity is required for basal activity of each promoter. Inhibitors of GSK-3 should therefore reduce hepatic glucose output, as well as increase the synthesis of glycogen from l-glucose. These findings indicate that GSK-3 inhibitors may have greater therapeutic potential for lowering blood glucose levels and treating type 2 diabetes than previously realized.
Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Japanese Elite Women ’ s Rugby Sevens Players

The movement profiles of field-based team sports players (e.g., rugby, soccer, and field hockey) fluctuate randomly depending on the game situation, and can include brief periods of high intensity, and longer periods of low intensity, movement. Several studies have investigated the match-play demands of field-based team sports (Gabbett, 2010; King et al., 2009; Mohr et al., 2003; Mohr et al., 2008; Spencer et al., 2004). It has been reported that elite women’s field hockey players cover 6.6 km over the course of a match and spend 2.7% of total match play in high intensity activities (Gabbett, 2010). Elite women’s soccer players have been reported to cover 9–11 km over the course of a match and spend almost 7.0% of total match time in high intensity activities (Mohr et al., 2008). Regulations (e.g., match duration, field size, equipment, etc.) differ between field-based team sports, and thus the physiological demands of different sports also differ. Women’s rugby sevens will be a new inclusion in the 2016 summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, and is one of the fastest growing sports worldwide. The basic rules of rugby sevens are the same as for rugby fifteens matches, except for the shorter match duration (i.e., 7-min halves with a 1-min halftime). Suarez-Arrones et al. (2012) reported that women’s rugby sevens players covered an average distance of around 1500 m per 14-min match, with 9% of the time spent in high-intensity activity (> 18 km/h-1). King et al. (2009) reported that Australia’s National Rugby League fifteens players covered an average of around 6000 m per 80-min match. Rugby sevens is played with fewer athletes per team (e.g., soccer and field hockey have 11 players per side) and for a shorter length of time (e.g., soccer, 45-min halves; field hockey, 35-min halves) than many other sports. However, the size of the rugby sevens playing field is similar to that of other field-based team sports Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Japanese Elite Women’s Rugby Sevens Players
Somatostatin Analogs, How Biomarkers in the Diagnostic and Treatment for Cancer and Others Damages

Biomolecules targets with radioactive nuclides and metallic nanoparticles currently are very use in practices nuclear medicine and general medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic diseases. The investigations new drugs to need go in the direction to obtain personality doses with minimum amount of drug to utilize for not induce adverse effects. Currently is very important know respect new techniques what strengthen the use adequate of minimum concentration at level pharmaceutics in organic fluids and that enable to towards the drugs in specific site for example in Diana cell or target cells. In this text, write the relevant information respect to use of radioactive nuclides and the synthetic peptides somatostatin derivates. Furthermore includes to functionalization of gold nanoparticles.
Technology in the classroom in conditions of infrastructural and capacity constraints: Lessons from Uganda

For at least the past decade, political leaders and policymakers have stressed how important it is for Africa to harness technology, leapfrog development, and take part in the global knowledge economy. In numerous initiatives aimed at realizing these goals, education is a primary target, viewed as a mechanism through which ICT can empower societies to develop technologically literate workforces. Unfortunately, there is a considerable gap between policy rhetoric and effective project implementation. This paper’s argument is centered on and informed by ICT-ineducation projects that are increasing in number, yet still often lack necessary pre-project assessments, enumerated goals for outcomes, or an understanding of what technology can and cannot do. The paper introduces a case study of an ICT-in-education project in rural Uganda that offers important lessons to inform similar projects in the future, as well as government-led policy initiatives.
Machine learning and radio emitter threat degree judgment based on fuzzy neural network

Modern electronic warfare system must judge the threat degree of coming radio emitters correctly in order to counter them by the limited jamming resource effectively. This article puts forward a new strategy to judge the radio emitter threat degree (RETD) based on machine learning. It firstly gets the membership degrees of the input data. Then the input data is classified. A trained fuzzy neural network (FNN) with approaching ability gives the threat degree. The RETD judgment rules could be mined from the network. The correctness and effectiveness are proved in the experiment.
Two states of active spermatogenesis switch between reproductive and non‐reproductive seasons in the testes of the medaka, Oryzias latipes

Seasonal change in spermatogenesis was examined in the restricted spermatogonium‐type testes of a teleost, Oryzias latipes. Histological observation revealed that the number of each stage of germ cells during most of the non‐reproductive season, from October to January (O–J period) was nearly half of that during the reproductive season, from May to July (M–J period), except for type B spermatogonia (B‐gonia), which was actually equal. As a result, the ratio of primary spermatocytes (P‐cytes) to B‐gonia was remarkably small in the O–J period. Despite the differences between both time periods, the proliferative activity of type A spermatogonia (A‐gonia), B‐gonia, or P‐cytes was at a similar level in both periods. Moreover, in cultured testes treated with bromodeoxyuridine as a cell‐lineage tracer, P‐cytes differentiated to spermatids in 11–15 days in both M–J and O–J periods. These indicate that spermatogenesis is active in each period at a different state. In the spermatogenic testis, A‐gonial proliferation was maintained by human follicle stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone in culture. Whereas cell death of B‐gonia and/or P‐cytes gradually increased in the M–J period in spite of those cells being constant in population sizes. In transition to the O–J period, A‐gonia and P‐cytes first decreased, which was accompanied by a decrease in proliferative activity of A‐gonia and relative increase of dead cells from B‐gonia and/or P‐cytes against live P‐cytes. These suggest that A‐gonial proliferation and cell death of B‐gonia and/or P‐cytes that is induced coordinately with B‐gonial differentiation are critical for the spermatogenic control.
Compact microring notch filters

Microresonator filters reported so far have been all-pole-type filters. We report two experimental realizations of zero-type (notch) filters using GaAs-AlGaAs microring resonators. The first is a ring coupled to one side of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the Y-branch of which has an effective splitting angle of 50/spl deg/ with 0.5-dB loss. The second is a ring whose loss exactly matches the coupling to the input/output waveguide with an extinction greater than 20 dB.