Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of sitgliptin and metformin treatment on glucose fluctuation and serum inflammatory factors in preliminary diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

The main pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is the progressive damage of pancreatic β cell function and the decrease of insulin sensitivity, which is the metabolic disease mainly present as chronic hyperglycemia and chronic complication caused by the virulence of the hyperglycemia in clinical practice[1]. Several handbooks of domestic and overseas suggest that the patients with incipient diabetes mellitus should firstly control the glucose level to reach the normal standard that can only be able to eliminate the virulence of the hyperglycemia and improve the pancreatic islet function to reach the purpose of putting off or avoiding the incidence of chronic complication of diabetes mellitus[2]. Sitgliptin, the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, is the new target drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, which can prominently improve insulin secretion, thus decrease the glucose level and glucagon level and slow down the happens and development[3] of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we mainly discuss the comparison of the influence between sitgliptin and metformin treatment on glucose fluctuation and serum inflammatory factors in preliminary diagnosed of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Pharmacological treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia: update and proposal of a clinical algorithm

Abstract The clinical presentation of schizophrenia encompasses symptoms divided into three dimensions: positive, negative, and cognitive. Negative symptoms (NS), in particular, have a major impact on the quality of life of the affected subject, and, differing from positive symptoms, are often associated with a limited response to pharmacotherapy. To date, studies specifically investigating NS in schizophrenia are scant; therefore, proper selection of therapy for NS remains a major unmet medical need. Given the heterogeneity of the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, the treatment of NS, as well as therapy for other associated symptoms, should be largely individualized according to a patient’s specific characteristics. In this paper, we review current knowledge on NS and construct a clinical algorithm for the treatment of schizophrenic conditions with pronounced NS. Overall, data from the literature suggest that second-generation antipsychotics, such as cariprazine and amisulpride, should be preferred over first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs), as they are associated with better functional outcomes and lower cognitive impairment. The combination of antipsychotics and antidepressants may also improve NS while addressing some affective disorders associated with schizophrenia; however, no clear information is available on the effects of this combination on primary NS or on the mechanism of action of the combination. In the proposed clinical algorithm, we suggest that cariprazine should be used as first-line treatment for patients with predominant NS, and that amisulpride should be considered as an alternative in cases of cariprazine failure. Further treatment lines may include the use of olanzapine and quetiapine, and add-on therapy with antidepressants.
Wei Design of OTA with Common Drain and Folded Cascade Used in ADC A

In this report, an OTA which is used in fully differential pipelined ADC was described. Using gain-boost architecture with difference-ended amplifier, this OTA achieve high-gain and high-speed. Besides, the CMFB circuit is also used, and some methods are concerned to improve the performance. Then, by optimization the layout design, OTA’s mismatch was reduced. This design was using TSMC 0.18um CMOS process and simulation both schematic and layout in Cadence. The result of the simulation shows that the OTA has a gain up to 80dB,a unity gain bandwidth of about 1.437GHz for a 2pF load, a slew rate is about 428V/μs, a output swing is 0.2V~1.35V, with the power supply of 1.8V, the power consumption is 88mW. This amplifier was used in a 10bit 150MHz pipelined ADC. Keywords—OTA, common drain, CMFB, pipelined ADC
An Updated Distribution of the Frog Adenomera cf hylaedactla (Anura: Leptodactylidae) on Trinidad, West Indies

The genus Adenomera consists of dull-coloured, small-sized frogs that typically display characteristics of a group rich in cryptic species . In Trinidad, Adenomera hylaedactyla was previously only known from the southwestern peninsular. However, during the period of 2014 to 2017, the author and others have observed Adenomera cf hylaedactyla to be far more widespread. Records span from Port of Spain in the north-west, Aripo Savannas and Arena Forest in north-central Trinidad, Matura in the north-east, Nariva Swamp and near Trinity Hills in the south-east; and at Freeport, west central Trinidad.
Effect of parameters of traveling wave-like blowing and suction on skin-friction drag reduction and heat transfer enhancement in turbulent channel flow

Direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flows controlled by the traveling wave-like blowing and suction are performed. We focus on simultaneous achievement of skin-friction drag reduction and heat transfer enhancement due to the control. The control performance is parametrically investigated. Three different thermal boundary condition are examined: constant temperature difference, heat flux, and heat generation conditions. The dissimilar control effects, i.e., the heat transfer enhancement and the drag reduction, are obtained when the wave travels in the upstream direction.
Time-resolved detection and mode mismatch in a linear optics quantum gate

Linear optics (LO) is a promising candidate for the implementation of quantum information processing protocols. In such systems, single photons are used to represent qubits. In practice, single photons from different sources will not be perfectly temporally and frequency matched. Therefore, understanding the effects of temporal and frequency mismatch is important in characterizing the dynamics of the system. In this paper, we discuss the impact of temporal and frequency mismatch, how they differ from each other and what their effect is on a simple LO quantum gate. We show that temporal and frequency mismatch have inherently different effects on the operation of the gate. We also consider the spectral effects of the photodetectors, focusing on time-resolved detection, which we show has a strong impact on the operation of such protocols.
Cloning and Expression of TRYP6 Gene from Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER)

Background: Leishmania, needs to detoxify the macrophage derived potent peroxides (H2O2). Tryparedoxin pathway contains tryparedoxin peroxidase (TSA or TRYP). The aim of the study was to detect the full-length gene sequence and its encoded protein of the LmTRYP6 gene (EU251502), and comparison the gene sequence with LmTRYP6 (LmjF15.1140), another previously reported member of this gene family. Methods: L.major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) promastigotes were cultured, DNA and RNA were extracted and the interested gene was amplified using PCR and RT-PCR methods. PCR/ RT-PCR fragments were purified and cloned first in pTZ57R/T and then in pET15b expression vector. The expressed protein was verified using western blot method. Characterization of the expressed protein was performed bioinformatically. Results: Molecular evaluation revealed that the cloned LmTRYP6 gene (EU251502) encoded a predicted 184 amino acid long protein with a theoretical isoelectric point of 6.1101. Alignment showed a number of changes in amino acid composition including the replacement of highly conserved Trp177 by Cys in LmTRYP6 (ABX26130). Conclusion: So far no study has been done on this group, i.e. TRYP6 gene, from tryparedoxin peroxidase family. The low homology with LmTRYP6 (LmjF15.1140) and vast array of differences observed in the gene under study (LmTRYP6; EU251502) could open new windows in the field of anti-Leishmania combat. Based on its important role in the viability and successful establishment of the parasite in the host organism it looks to be very good candidate for vaccine development and any other sort of novel drug development.
A Novel Inverter Based High Power Factor for Single Phase AC Motor

This paper presents a novel inverter based on a quasi-active power factor correction (PFC) scheme. In the proposed circuit, the power factor is improved by using an auxiliary winding coupled to the primary supply. The half bridge is placed between the input rectifier and the low-frequency filter capacitor to serve as a magnetic switch to drive an input inductor. Since the ac/ac converter is operated at high-switching frequency, the switches produce a high frequency pulsating source such that the input current conduction angle is significantly lengthened and the input current harmonics is reduced. It eliminates the use of active switch and control circuit for PFC, which results in lower cost and higher efficiency. In order to achieve low harmonic content, and high power factor, this proposed method is very suitable. The scheme is applied to drive a single phase AC motor
Internal Auditing and Consulting Practice: A Comparison Between UK/Ireland and Italy

Changes to the definition of internal auditing have increased the scope of internal audit by explicitly including consulting activities. Yet, despite recognition and clarification of the consulting role for internal audit, little subsequent research has been undertaken. Hence, we aim in this article to provide a comparison of the nature, extent and consequences of the definitional change on internal audit consulting activities undertaken by a sample of IIA members in the UK/Ireland and Italy. A comparison of the results of the two self-completion questionnaire surveys reveals a significant rise in the levels and scope of activities in consulting in both countries but this has been greater in the UK/Ireland. While there are similarities between the countries, more UK/Ireland members are involved in change management and project management, while a majority of Italian members are involved in model design and implementation. In both countries, internal auditors are experiencing both benefits and drawbacks.
Simulation of Groundwater Levels in Malaprabha Command Area using Visual MODFLOW FLEX

Two layered conceptual model covering an area of 705 km2 was prepared using Visual MODFLOW FLEX version 2014.2 to represent the aquifers within Ramdurg, Saundatti (Belgaum district) and Nargund taluks (Gadag district) in the state of Karnataka where the first layer represented the soil layer and second layer was taken as a hard rock layer. Groundwater level data of eight wells available were used for the model simulation. Model domain was split into 120 rows and 120 columns, with each cell having size 472.11 m × 204.03 m. It was simulated for a time period from January 2008 to December 2014 in the transient state with the necessary boundary conditions such as river, reservoir and recharge. After translation and running the model once, it was calibrated by altering the values of sensitive parameters using PEST. Results indicated that the groundwater flow was taking place in two different directions in the study area and was in accordance with the topographical elevation. Dry cells were appearing in the simulated results. which prevented the calibration to be carried out effectively. Hydraulic conductivity, specific storage, specific yield of the first layer and hydraulic conductivity, specific storage of the second layer were sensitive to the model results. Continuous increase in the groundwater head was observed in second layer as the years progressed. Surface water from the Reservoir was contributing to the groundwater in the southern portion of the study area while it remain unaffected to the northern portion of the study area, respectively.
Fuzzy AHP Based Decision Support System for SKTM Recipient Selection

Surat Keterangan Tidak Mampu (SKTM) is a letter iss ued by the City of Sukabumi government to help poor citizens with bene fits in medical treatment. The applicants are assessed by the local Village to determine the eligibility and amount of benefit to be granted. Th is process had a problem that the decision made was mostly subjective and ba sed on vaguely defined criteria’s. This could result in the improper categ orization and inappropriate distribution of benefits. A Decision Support System is designed to overcome this problem in the form of Recommendation System u sing Fuzzy AHP method. This method is used as the mathematical mod el f r determining the weights of and refines the assessment of each crite rion. The proposed system will calculate the scores of the applicants based o n the model and show their poverty categories along with the amount of allowed b nefits. The amount of funding is also become more evenly spread across 6 poverty categories compared to the previous 4 categories thus saving m ore funds to be used for other development programs.
Effect of Germinating Processes on Bioactive Component of Sangyod Muang Phatthalung Rice

Sangyod Muang Phatthalung Rice is one of the local rice variety planted in the Southern Thailand, in particular Phattalung province. Germination of brown rice was investigated to determine the optimum condition that would maximize of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. Brown rice was first soaking in various solutions (phosphate buffer pH 7, citrate buffer pH 5 and pH 3 and distilled water) at room temperature (30±2C) for 5 h, followed by germinated for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Results indicated that the highest GABA content (44.53 mg 100 g) was found in brown rice soaked in citrate buffer pH 3 and germinated for 36 h. The GABA content in germinated brown rice had increased 16.74 times in comparison to brown rice (2.66 mg 100 g). The nutritional component (protein, fat, ash, total dietary fiber and total free sugar) and bioactive components (γ-oryzanol, ferulic acid and phytate) in germinated brown rice were also analyzed. Compared to brown rice, the germinated brown rice contained more protein, fat, total dietary fiber, total free sugar and ferulic acid while γ-oryzanol content was in the same level for both brown rice and germinated brown rice. On the contrary, germinated brown rice contained phytate content lower than brown rice.
European Association for Computer-Assisted Language Learning

This paper considers the utility of the Voice Extensible Markup Language (Voice XML) for language learning. In particular, this article considers whether Voice XML might become as popular as HTML. First, this paper discusses the surprising popularity of HTML, which provides contextual information useful for considering the potential of Voice XML. Second, this article discusses two voice scripts in order to demonstrate Voice XML tags and features. The first example script concerns voice synthesis only whereas the second script utilizes both voice synthesis and voice recognition. In order to gain insight into the utility of Voice XML for instructional applications, the second voice script can be accessed by language learners in order to practice pronouncing words in English. Technically, each voice script is a text file containing Voice XML tags. Once the file containing a Voice XML script is stored on a web server and a telephone number linked to the file, a language learner can use a telephone to practice pronouncing words. Those implementation details are considered in the third section of this paper, which identifies one particular system that permits developers to test and deploy Voice XML scripts free of charge. Lastly, this article concludes with a discussion of issues concerning the utility of Voice XML relative to HTML. EUROCALL Review 11, March 2007 01/01/2014 http://www.eurocall-languages.org/review/11/ 5 / 10
Poultry production and rural poverty among small-scale farmers in Mzimba District of Malawi

This paper evaluates the role of participating in poultry production on household income and rural poverty in Mzimba district, Malawi. The study utilizes cross-sectional farm level household data collected in 2011. The paper computes income-based poverty measures and investigates their sensitivity to the use of different poverty lines. Robust poverty comparisons across the poultry and non-poultry farmers reveal that poverty is in fact higher for the non-poultry compared to the poultry farmers. Thus, participating in poultry production has a significant positive impact on household income and poverty reduction.
Computational Red Teaming to investigate Failure Patterns in Medium Term Conflict Detection

Medium Term Conflict Detection (MTCD) is a planning tool used mainly by the planning controller but also by the tactical controller. MTCD continuously monitors each active aircraft in a given airspace and notifies air traffic controllers if two aircraft have a potential conflict within a certain look ahead time. Various field trials have shown that the safety benefits of MTCD tool may be limited because of large numbers of False Alarms and Missed Detects. There are two main methods employed for conflict detection in MTCD viz. Fixed Threshold and Covariance. In this paper we investigate the failure patterns in terms of conflict characteristics that lead to False Alarms and Missed Detects. We have used a computational “Red teaming” concept to challenge (in-silico) MTCD conflict detection methods for a massive number of conflict scenarios that are evolved based on the MTCD algorithm’s accuracy and correctness in identifying a potential conflict. In particular we look into MTCD conflict detection time window threshold (8-20mins) and its effect on the performance of the algorithm. The key findings of the paper are, in Fixed Threshold method, by reducing the conflict alert threshold window from 8 min-20 min to 8min-15min can reduce the False Alarms by almost 52%. By eliminating conflicts where duration is less than 30 seconds can reduce False Alarms by 13%. In Covariance method by reducing the conflict alert threshold window to 8min-15 min can reduce False Alarms by up to 66% and eliminating the conflict alerts with conflict duration of less than 30 seconds can further reduce the False Alarms by 19%. For Missed Detects reducing the conflict alert threshold window by raising the lower end from 8 min to 9 min can reduce the Missed Detect rate by 52.4% and 75.1% for Fixed Threshold and Covariance method respectively. Results thus indicate that having conflict alert threshold window of 9 min to 15 min can significantly improve the performance of MTCD in terms of reducing False Alarms and Missed Detects.
Marine mammal bycatch in Spanish Mediterranean large pelagic longline fisheries, with a focus on Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus)

The western Mediterranean is an important fishing area in which the Spanish longline fleet operates. Longline fisheries affect several species of marine mammals, sea turtles, sharks and seabirds, all of which are espe- cially sensitive to fishing mortality. Given international efforts to identify and reduce the bycatch of sensitive species, an onboard observer program was implemented by the Spanish Oceanographic Institute (IEO, Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia). The aim of the present study was to report data on marine mammal bycatch in the western Mediter- ranean. The additional aim was to improve knowledge about the possible effects of the Spanish longline fisheries on cetacean populations, particularly Risso's dolphin, and to suggest improvements to fisheries management. Data on ma- rine mammal bycatch were collected during the period 2000−2009. Differences are reported for catch per unit effort (CPUE, defined as marine mammals per 1000 hooks) for each type of gear (n = 7), as well as their effect on specific marine mammal species. A total of 5 398 297 hooks were monitored, which yielded 56 marine mammals belonging to 4d ifferent species. Our results indicate that Risso's dolphin is the species most affected by the longline fishery in the western Mediterranean (n = 33). We built a predictive model for Risso's dolphin bycatch using variables associated with the technical characteristics of the fishery, geographic location and seasonality. We performed a binary logistic re- gression of the presence/absence of Risso's dolphin bycatch to test whether the probability of incidentally catching one or more dolphins may be predicted by some of the explanatory variables selected. Our results indicate that Risso's dol- phin was mainly caught using Japanese longline (LLJAP) or an experimental home-based longline (LLHBexp) over the continental shelf. Because LLHBexp is an experimental type of gear that was only used occasionally by the fleet, con- trolling the use of LLJAP over the continental shelf could strongly reduce the impact of these fisheries on populations of Risso's dolphin in the western Mediterranean.
New tools for managing reproduction

A series of biological events must occur before pregnancy can be established. Female cattle are anoestrus after parturition and cannot become pregnant. Once animals begin to cycle, then the oestrous cycle can be effectively controlled through hormonal treatments. Multiple drugs can be delivered into the vagina by plastic devices that contain physical pumps. These new devices will decrease animal handling before insemination. New chemical formulations may make synchronization products easier to use as well. Classical technologies for oestrous detection depend on mounting activity of cows. Newer methods of electronic oestrous detection measure the number of mounts that each cow receives. More modern approaches to oestrous detection capitalise on animal biology instead of the behavioural patterns of the cow.Artificial insemination is widely practiced in animal agriculture. Increasing sperm lifespan in the female reproductive tract would greatly simplify artificial insemination, but a method to increase sperm lifespan has not been developed. In vitro embryo production has the capacity to provide a large number of embryos at a relatively low price. These low-price embryos can be used on low fertility cows that are incapable of producing a viable embryo.Greater intensification is associated with earlier pregnancy diagnosis. Ultrasonography can be used to detect earlier pregnancies in cattle. A blood test for pregnancy may allow for even earlier diagnosis. If pregnancy tests for maternal recognition proteins can be developed, then non-pregnant cows could be identified 18 days after first insemination. Beginning a rapid resynchronisation program on day 18 would lead to a second insemination of non-pregnant cows within 21 days of first service. The advent of genome technologies has placed renewed emphasis on understanding the relationship between animal genetics and reproduction. Genetic selection for improved fertility is possible. New genes that have major effects on reproduction have been discovered.A combined approach involving reproductive genetics, oestrous cycle control, in vitro embryo production, early pregnancy detection and automated animal handling will improve reproductive management in future herds.