Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of the clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine.

AIMS To examine the literature regarding clinical pharmacokinetics, direct effects and adverse clinical outcomes associated with methamphetamine use. METHODS Relevant literature was identified through a PubMed search. Additional literature was obtained from relevant books and monographs. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The mean elimination half-life for methamphetamine is approximately 10 hours, with considerable inter-individual variability in pharmacokinetics. Direct effects at low-to-moderate methamphetamine doses (5-30 mg) include arousal, positive mood, cardiac stimulation and acute improvement in cognitive domains such as attention and psychomotor coordination. At higher doses used typically by illicit users (> or =50 mg), methamphetamine can produce psychosis. Its hypertensive effect can produce a number of acute and chronic cardiovascular complications. Repeated use may induce neurotoxicity, associated with prolonged psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Abrupt cessation of repeated methamphetamine use leads to a withdrawal syndrome consisting of depressed mood, anxiety and sleep disturbance. Acute withdrawal lasts typically for 7-10 days, and residual symptoms associated with neurotoxicity may persist for several months.
Knowledge-Based Extraction of Measurement-Entity Relations from German Radiology Reports

A large percentage of relevant radio logic patient information is currently only available in unstructured formats such as free text reports. In particular measurements are important since they are comparable and thus provide insight into the change of the health status over time, for example in response to some treatment. In radiology most of the measurements in reports describe the size of anatomical entities. Even though it is possible to extract measurements and anatomical entities from text using standard information extraction techniques, it is difficult to extract the relation between the measurement and the corresponding anatomical entity. Here we present a knowledge-based approach to extract this relation for size measurements using a model about typical size descriptions of anatomical entities in combination with hierarchical knowledge of existing medical ontologies. We evaluate our approach on two data sets of German radiology reports reaching an F1-measure of 0.85 and 0.79 respectively.
Developmental Changes in the Location of Form Discrimination Cues

Two experiments are reported on age changes in form discrimination cues. In the first, a pilot study for another investigation, a drop was noted between ages 5 and 6 yr. in children's ability to discriminate among five irregular pentagons. In an attempt to clarify this unexpected finding, a dimensional analysis of the stimulus attributes of the pentagons was undertaken. This led to several hypotheses, tested in the second experiment. The results of that experiment with children aged 3½ to 7½ yr. suggested that the bottom attributes of the stimuli were the most salient features for all ages. As the children became older, however, a top-to-bottom scanning process appeared to increase in importance. Suggestions for further research were made.
Optimal Managerial Contracts and Equilibrium Security Prices

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ECONOMIC theory have focused attention on efficient methods for providing incentives within a corporation, especially to top management. Jensen-Meckling [12] have examined some implications of incentive (or agency) problems for corporate finance. In this paper we combine a simple model of security market equilibrium with that of an optimal managerial incentive contract, using results of Harris-Raviv [8] and Holmstrom [9]. We provide a rationale for including security prices in the managerial incentive contracts of publicly held firms. In this model we also show that non-systematic, diversifiable risks will be considered in the capital budgeting decisions of a managerial firm operated in the interests of its stockholders. This is in contrast to the implication of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (a similar result follows from the Capital Asset Pricing Model) which abstracts from incentive problems and suggests that only systematic risks ought to be considered. The optimal-contract model of the corporation takes the following view of the firm. Since decision makers within a firm are not sole owners of the business, but employed agents, the decisions which they make depend on the incentives which the organization provides. These incentives are embodied explicitly in employment contracts, and implicitly through the threat of dismissal or effect on reputation. The contract, whether explicit or not, describes the decision maker's anticipation of the consequences to him conditional on various observable outcomes. These outcomes are used to provide information useful in determining whether he did his job properly. In the simplest optimal contract scenario, there is a single principal and a single agent whose decision concerns the level of effort he expends. The level of effort affects the level of output of the firm, but not unambiguously because the output is also governed by other stochastic elements. As a result, some information about the agent's level of effort can be inferred
Permanência Na Graduação A Distância Na Perspectiva Dos Estudantes: Um Estudo A Partir Da Experiência Do Projeto Alfa Guia

Este artigo apresenta o resultado do estudo relacionado a opiniao dos estudantes de graduacao na modalidade EaD, a fim de compreender que motivos que os levam a permanecer no curso. Adotamos como estrategia para compreender o fenomeno da evasao a abordagem inversa: entender as causas da sua permanencia. A pesquisa, de cunho quali-quantitativo (Creswe, 2010), foi aprovada pelo Comite de Etica da instituicao e os sujeitos participaram mediante aceite de Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A percepcao empirica desenvolvida pelo Projeto Alfa GUIA, realizado no âmbito da oferta presencial, foi fundamental para estruturacao teorica desta investigacao. Com o objetivo de identificar as variaveis e fatores de maior influencia para a permanencia na Educacao Superior a Distância, foi aplicado um questionario, adaptado para EaD do original do Alfa Guia, com estudantes da modalidade EaD. O referencial teorico utilizou os trabalhos de Tinto (1989, 1997, 2006), Garland (1993), Kember (1995), Aretio (2002), Cabrera (2006), Castles (2004), Tello (2007). A analise de dados foi realizada com o apoio da estatistica descritiva e multivariada e para a analise de conteudo utilizamos a abordagem proposta por Bardin (2010). Os resultados apontam que as informacoes relacionadas a gestao institucional, a pratica docente, a qualidade do curso e dedicacao do estudante sao informacoes importantes para compreender as razoes da permanencia estudantil na EaD. Acreditamos que os fatores identificados e, devidamente validados, possam ser aplicados a ambas as modalidades de ensino. Ou seja, existem fatores comuns que levam a permanencia de estudantes da Educacao Superior independente da modalidade de ensino, visto que os indicadores encontrados podem tambem ser aplicados na educacao presencial. Como contribuicao para area de estudo relacionado a Educacao Superior, alem das reflexoes sugeridas, criamos um instrumento que permite coletar a opiniao dos autores relacionadas a sua permanencia auxiliando assim projetos institucionais tanto no aspecto administrativo, bem como pedagogico.
Secure scheme on mobile multi cloud computing based on homomorphic encryption

Mobile technologies have become increasingly essential in our life as they offer great possibilities of uses, to users. Mobile cloud computing is a new paradigm that allows users to fully utilize mobile technologies exceeding the resources calculation limit. This exponential use of cloud services through mobile devices has allowed users to download, to share and retrieve their personal data anywhere and anytime. This increase in mobile traffic and circulation of personal data of users through internet has caused many security problems and sparked the interest of the attackers. We propose in this paper a light and strong authentication mechanism based on homomorphic encryption, to secure access for mobile users to the remote multi cloud servers. It also provide an implementation and simulation of our mechanism to demonstrate its robustness and reliability, and give a proof of concept of the authentication, integrity and confidentiality.
Presence of WT1, the Wilm's Tumor Suppressor Gene Product, in Nuclear Poly(A)+ Ribonucleoprotein*

The tumor suppressor gene WT1 encodes a zinc finger protein, which consists of four C-terminal C2-H2 zinc fingers of the Krüppel type, and at the N terminus a Q/P-rich trans-regulatory domain, both characteristic of transcription factors. However, recent findings suggest that WT1 may also be involved in a post-transcriptional process. Specifically, WT1 isoforms containing the alternatively spliced exon 9 (+lysine-threonine-serine (KTS)) preferentially associate with nuclear speckles and co-immunoprecipitate splicing antigens (Larsson, S. H., Charlieu, J.-P., Miyagawa, K., Engelkamp, D., Rassoulzadegan, M., Ross, A., Cuzin, F., van Heyningen, V., and Hastie, N. D. (1995) Cell 81, 391–401); furthermore, WT1 has been shown to interact with the ubiquitous splicing factor U2AF65 (Davies, R. C., Calvo, C., Larsson, S. H., Lamond, A. I., and Hastie, N. D. (1998) Genes Dev. 12, 3217–3225) and binds to RNA in vitro(Caricasole, A., Duarte, A., Larsson, S. H., Hastie, N. D., Little, M., Holmes, G., Todorov, I., and Ward, A. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93, 7562–7566; Bardeesy, N. , and Pelletier, J. (1998) Nucleic Acids Res. 26, 1784–1792). To extend these findings, we have fractionated nuclear extracts to see if particles containing WT1 have the properties of ribonucleoprotein (RNP). In summary, WT1 is enriched by oligo(dT) chromatography, as are U2AF65, the U5 small nuclear RNP-associated protein p116 and hnRNP A1. Gel filtration and sedimentation profiles suggest that WT1 is present in RNase-sensitive particles, >2 MDa in size, peaking at ∼60 S, and ∼1.27 g/cm3 on Nycodenz. Similar results were obtained from two cell lines expressing WT1, fetal kidneys (day E17), and transiently transfected cells, suggesting that the presence of WT1 protein in nuclear poly(A)+ RNP is a general aspect of WT1 function.
SIMULATION OF SPEED CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR, WITH FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER

The electronically commuted Brushless DC motors are widely used in many industrial applications which increase the need for design of efficient control strategy for these noiseless motors. This paper deals with the efficient speed control mechanisms for these drives using meaningful fuzzy sets and rules. The fuzzy logic controller is developed using a MATLAB/ Simulink tool. The paper deals with the possibility of designing a control strategy, to achieve accurate speed control with the advantages of low cost. The proposed method is simple and efficient compared with the conventional controllers.
Anti–Idiotypic Antibodies: From Regulation to Therapy of Factor VIII Inhibitors

Evidence has recently accumulated showing that anti–idiotypic antibodies specific to anti–FVIII antibodies are present in the plasma of healthy individuals and of haemophilia A patients with or without inhibitors, where they can neutralise the FVIII inhibitory activity. Additionally, patients successfully desensitised towards FVIII have an increased production of anti–idiotypic antibodies with no significant reduction in anti–FVIII antibodies. We review here possible strategies for modulating the anti–FVIII immune response by idiotypic interactions.
Attention and Visual Search

Selective Tuning (ST) presents a framework for modeling attention and in this work we show how it performs in covert visual search tasks by comparing its performance to human performance. Two implementations of ST have been developed. The Object Recognition Model recognizes and attends to simple objects formed by the conjunction of various features and the Motion Model recognizes and attends to motion patterns. The validity of the Object Recognition Model was first tested by successfully duplicating the results of Nagy and Sanchez. A second experiment was aimed at an evaluation of the model's performance against the observed continuum of search slopes for feature-conjunction searches of varying difficulty. The Motion Model was tested against two experiments dealing with searches in the visual motion domain. A simple odd-man-out search for counter-clockwise rotating octagons among identical clockwise rotating octagons produced linear increase in search time with the increase of set size. The second experiment was similar to one described by Thorton and Gilden. The results from both implementations agreed with the psychophysical data from the simulated experiments. We conclude that ST provides a valid explanatory mechanism for human covert visual search performance, an explanation going far beyond the conventional saliency map based explanations.
Switching from high doses of pure μ-opioid agonists to transdermal buprenorphine in patients with cancer: a feasibility study.

BACKGROUND Several myths on buprenorphine's pharmacology exist: possible analgesic ceiling effect, feasibility of combination with other opioid agonists, and the reversibility of side effects. Aim to evaluate: 1) if cancer patients receiving high doses of pure agonists could obtain adequate pain relief after switching to transdermal (TD) buprenorphine and 2) whether the numbers of breakthrough pain episodes after switching increased and whether they could be treated with the same doses of pure agonist as before switching. DESIGN The prospective open multicenter study included outpatients with moderate-to-severe cancer pain satisfactorily controlled. SETTING Patients were switched from the usual pure agonist to TD buprenorphine and were titrated to a stable dose. The assessments were: 1) daily self-assessment of pain intensity, numbers of rescue medications, and pain interference with sleep; 2) brief pain inventory; 3) pain relief and pain intensity; 4) quality of life; and 5) adverse events and symptoms. RESULTS Eighteen patients receiving 150-516 mg of morphine/day were included. The buprenorphine dose at the end of the study varied between 52.5 and 140 μg/h. No difference in pain before and after switching was shown. The level of rescue doses was maintained. The patches were well tolerated. A significant decrease in fatigue and an increase in global health status were seen after the switch. CONCLUSION It is feasible to switch cancer patients from high doses of pure μ-opioid agonists to TD buprenorphine without eliciting any antagonist effects, but the dose conversion factor is individual and the switching process should be tailored for the individual patient.
Isolation and characterization of ftsZ alleles that affect septal morphology

The ftsZ gene encodes an essential cell division protein that specifically localizes to the septum of dividing cells. In this study we characterized the effects of the ftsZ2(Rsa) mutation on cell physiology. We found that this mutation caused an altered cell morphology that included minicell formation and an increased average cell length. In addition, this mutation caused a temperature-dependent effect on cell lysis. During this investigation we fortuitously isolated a novel temperature-sensitive ftsZ mutation that consisted of a 6-codon insertion near the 5' end of the gene. This mutation, designated ftsZ26(Ts), caused an altered polar morphology at the permissive temperature and blocked cell division at the nonpermissive temperature. The altered polar morphology resulted from cell division and correlated with an altered geometry of the FtsZ ring. An intragenic cold-sensitive suppressor of ftsZ26(Ts) that caused cell lysis at the nonpermissive temperature was isolated. These results support the hypothesis that the FtsZ ring determines the division site and interacts with the septal biosynthetic machinery.
Geração assistida de código XML a partir da descrição textual da especificação de elementos notacionais na BPMN

Business processes can be found everywhere. The way these processes are defined and executed are very important for the operation of an organization. The most common way to document processes is through business process diagrams. Several notations exist for creating these diagrams, being Business Process Model and Notation ( BPMN ) the most adopted by process users. BPMN provides an XML encoding for its notational elements, yet this encoding does not represents all the semantic defined in the elements textual description definition. In this context, this work presents a method for XML code generation from the textual description of notational elements of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). The methodology developed to achieve this goal includes NLP techniques using the Stanford Parser; obtaining Subject-Verb-Object and Subject-Verb-Case ( a new structure presented in this work) structures from relations obtained in syntactic analysis; semantic analysis of these structures and their interpretation to an XML code. A prototype was implemented to validate the proposed method obtaining results similar in the code extraction to those that can be found in the specification of BPMN .
Insights into Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) Proteins in Plants: From Structure to the Functions

Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins, a group of hydrophilic proteins, have been linked to survival in plants and animals in periods of stress, putatively through safeguarding enzymatic function and prevention of aggregation in times of dehydration/heat. Yet despite decades of effort, the molecular-level mechanisms defining this protective function remain unknown. In this paper, we summarize and review research discoveries of the classification of the LEA protein groups based on their amino acid sequence similarity and on the presence of distinctive conserved motifs. Moreover, we focus on high correlation between their accumulation and water deficit, reinforcing their functional relevance under abiotic stresses. We also discuss the biochemical properties of LEA proteins arising from their hydrophilic nature and by amino acid composition. Although significant similarities have not been found between the members of the different groups, a unifying and outstanding feature of most of them is their high hydrophilicity and high content of glycine. Therefore, we have highlighted the biotechnological applications of LEA genes, and the effects of over-expressing LEA genes from all LEA groups from different species of origin into different plant hosts. Apart from agronomical purposes, LEA proteins could be useful for other biotechnological applications in relation to their capacity to prevent aggregation of proteins.
Preliminary Toxicological Report of Metformin Hydrochloride Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles

Nanosized materials have tremendous application in every field of human activity, with a lot of economic benefit increasing nanoparticle research and use. There are number of nanosized products already available commercially and many others are in queue. Therefore, there is a pressing need for careful consideration of benefits and side effects of the use of nanoparticles in medicine. This research work aims at providing a balanced update of this exciting potentially toxicological effect of manufactured Metformin hydrochloride loaded polymeric nanoparticles. To assess the toxicities systematically on the functions of various tissues and organs in rats, the rats were fed with the manufactured polymeric nanoparticles for a period of 30 days repeated oral administration. Variation in the protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolic profile of the rat exposed to nanoparticles were studied by hematobiochemical and pathology profiles. The haemolytic potential of these nanoparticles were determined by means of an in vitro haemolysis assay. All formulations showed haemolytic effect less than 5%. The study revealed that Metformin loaded PMMA and PLGA polymeric nanoparticle did not produce any toxicity.
Fenomena Alih Bahasa Al-Qur'an: Kritik atas Koreksi Muhammad Thalib Terhadap Terjemah Kemenag RI

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang problematika penerjemahan al-Qur’an ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia, khususnya dalam karya Muhammad Thalib, Amir Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia, yang berjudul Koreksi Tarjamah Harfiyah Al-Quran Kemenag RI Tinjauan Aqidah, Syari’ah, Mu’amalah, Iqtishadiyah. Karya ini lahir dari kegelisahan Muhammad Thalib terhadap penerjemahan Al-Qur’an secara h}arfiyah yang dilakukan oleh Dewan Penerjemah Depag RI (sekarang disebut dengan Kemenag RI), yang dianggapnya mengandung beberapa kesalahan. Kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut telah menyuburkan aliran sesat, liberalisme, radikalisme, terorisme, serta berpotensi melegalkan perzinahan. Adapun pokok masalah yang penulis angkat adalah: pertama, apa kerangka dasar pedoman Muhammad Thalib dalam mengeroksi terjemah al-Qur’an Tim Kemenag RI dalam karyanya yang berjudul Koreksi Tarjamah Harfiyah Al-Qur’an Kemenag RI? ; kedua, sejauh mana prosentase rujukan terjemah yang digunakan sang penerjemah? ; ketiga, bagaimana kesesuaian terjemah Muhammad Thalib dalam buku koreksi tersebut dengan kitab tafsir rujukan yang digunakan dan analisa kebahasaan, dibandingkan dengan terjemah Kemenag RI? Penelitian ini merupakan kajian pustaka (library research) dan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: pertama, prinsip dasar pedoman Thalib dalam mengoreksi QTK, sejauh penelusuran penulis, kritik tersebut berkisar pada empat pola sebagai berikut: 1) formulasi bahasa; 2) problem makna; 3) kritik sumber; 4) problem penafsiran. Keempat pola ini terkadang secara bersama-sama terdapat dalam satu koreksi terjemah ayat dalam QTK, dan tidak jarang juga dalam satu koreksi terjemah ayat hanya memuat satu pola saja. Kedua, dari prosentase yang ada terlihat kecenderungan penerjemah. Ketiga, terjemah tafsiriyah Muhammad Thalib dalam buku koreksi terjemahnya tidak sesuai dengan sebagian besar kitab-kitab tafsir rujukannya. Karena Muhammad Thalib tidak mengakomodir sebagian besar penafsiran-penafsiran yang ada dan lebih sering terpaku kepada beberapa penafsiran saja. Kata kunci: bahasa, terjemah, tafsiriyah, Muhammad Thalib.
An improved efficient identity-based proxy signature in the standard model

ABSTRACT Many identity-based proxy signature (IBPS) schemes have been proposed, but most were proved to be secure using a random oracle model, which has attracted considerable criticism. Cao and Cao proposed an IBPS scheme using the standard model, but their scheme was shown to be insecure because it could not resist a delegator attack. In order to overcome this weakness, Gu et al. proposed a new IBPS scheme in 2013 that uses the standard model and they also provided a detailed security model for IBPS. However, in this study, we demonstrate that Gu et al.'s scheme is still vulnerable to delegator attack. In order to correct this problem, we propose an improvement of the IBPS scheme described by Gu et al. We also present an efficiency analysis for our scheme and a detailed security proof based on the computational Diffie–Hellman assumption.