Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Code Clone Detection for Software Maintenance 安藤未緒 † 前田和昭

近年の情報システムの大規模化・複雑化に伴い,企業における既存システムの保守・デバッグ作業に 要するコストは増大している. この保守作業を困難にする要因の一つにコードクローンがある. コード クローンとは,再利用を目的として,既存コードのコピー&ペーストや,コード生成ツールを使った自 動生成などによって生まれた「ソースコード中の同一または類似した部分」と考えて良い. コードクローンはソフトウェアを作成する上で避けて通ることはできない存在である. しかし,全て のコードクローンが問題となるわけではなく,また,コードクローンのタイプによって保守作業が違っ てくる可能性もある. そのため,コードクローンを発見するだけではなく,それがどのようなタイプな のかを分析することが重要である. また,コードクローンの分布状況を分析し,何らかの視覚化ツール を提供できれば,システム保守のための助けとなることが期待できる.
The Perception of Undergraduate Students in a Malaysian Dental School on use of just in Time Videos before a Clinical Procedure

The undergraduate dental students who enter clinical session after completion of preclinical exercises on simulated patients usually encounter difficulties in adjusting to real life patient encounter. This study seeks to evaluate the perception of undergraduate dental students on the use of JIT videos before a clinical procedure as an aid to overcome these difficulties. Inside this Interventional study student watch JIT videos of three simple procedures like rubber dam application, fluoride application, restoration of carious teeth (International Caries Detection and Assessment System ICDAS 03) before the clinical procedure starts. 90 randomly selected Penang International Dental College undergraduates were included in this study. Questionnaire based on 5-Level Likert Scale at the extremes, with “strongly disagree,” to “strongly agree,” and open-ended questions at the end was distributed to them after watching the JIT video and performing the clinical procedure. The mean scores for the 21 individual questions range from 3 to 4 for Fluoride Application, Restoration of Carious Tooth (ICDAS 03), Rubber Dam Application JIT videos and the overall Cronbach's Alpha showed a very strong reliability. In summary, the student perceptions were generally positive. Even though there were some disagreements among the items evaluated, the majority of students agreed that JIT videos have helped them during the clinical procedure. All three JIT videos were able to reduce the students’ anxiety level, improve students’ knowledge, skills and professionalism, provided good video structures, enhanced interaction of students with and useful enough to be recommended to other students in the clinical practice.
Another Note on Dilworth ’ s Decomposition Theorem WimPijls and

Several proofs are known for Dilworth’s theorem. is theorem says that, in a poset PP, a maximal antichain and a minimal path cover have equal size. Shortly aer Dilworth’s seminal paper [1] a “Note” [2] was published containing an algorithmic proof, that is, a proof which also gives a method to �nd a combination of a maximal antichain and a minimal path cover. e other proofs [1, 3–5] are nonalgorithmic. e key issue in [2] is the relation between a minimal path cover and amaximal antichain inPP on the one hand and amaximal matching and a minimal vertex cover (in this order) in an associated bipartite graph BB on the other hand. Dilworth’s theorem is proved in [2] usingKönig’s theorem stating that, in a bipartite graph, a maximal matching and a minimal vertex cover have equal size. e combination of a maximal matching and a minimal vertex cover inBB corresponds to amax�ow/mincut combination in a �ow network BB′ akin to BB. So the obvious algorithm for a minimal path cover along with a maximal antichain is executing a max�ow/mincut algorithm in BB′ associated indirectly to PP. In the current paper a shortcut is proposed between max�ow/mincut and an optimal path cover jointly with an antichain. To a given poset PP we associate a �ow network NN which is much simpler than graph BB′ constructed via a matching/vertex cover instance. A similar idea for �nding a maximal antichain is found in [6]. However, the discussion in that paper was not connected with Dilworth’s theorem. Other more complex algorithms in this domain can be found in [7–10]. For an application of the maximal antichain we refer to [11, 12].
PIV measurements in viscoelastic polyacrylamide solution in Taylor-Couette system

Particle image velocimetry is used to investigate the local velocity elds in Taylor-Couette system with viscoelastic polyacrylamide solution. We present results measured at different positions in small and large aspect ratio Taylor-Couette systems to investigate di erent boundary in uence on ow stability. Experimental investigations in large aspect ratio Taylor-Couette system are done in LMPG at Université du Havre. The small system is used in LAS at BTU Cottbus. The experimental results are analysed with spectral methods to obtain spatial and temporal properties.
Static Low-Angle Squatting Reduces the Intra-Articular Inflammatory Cytokines and Improves the Performance of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major diseases leading to disability, and inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OA. However, inflammation of OA is multifactorial, chronic, and in low intensity, which makes drug-based immunotherapy difficult. Here, we have designed a novel method of exercise—static low angle squat (SLAS), which reduces the intra-articular inflammation of OA knee as well as strengthens the vastus medialis of quadriceps. A two-year follow-up trial of current exercise methods demonstrated long-term, significant improvement in pain relief, range of motion, muscle strength, and knee stability.
The effects of Flipped Classroom instructions on student’s motivation in Algebraic Component

The Ministry of Education Malaysia (MoE) has suggested usingFlipped Classroom (FC) teaching methodas an innovation inthe teaching of additional mathematics especially in algebra.The suggestion of using FC is very much related to the concept of 21th Century Classroom that emphasizes good communication, collaboration, critical as well as creative thinking. This quasi-experimentalresearchwas carried out to determine the effects of FC on the motivation of students taking additional mathematics.Treatment group (n = 36) was treated with FC methods, whereas control group (n = 34) received conventional methods of learning additional mathematics.To control the difference in dependent variables, a pre-test was given before the experiment started.After nine weeks of treatment, bothgroups were given a post-test.The motivational questionaire on additional mathematics was used as a tool to collect the data.In determining the differenceof databetweentreatment and control groups, thepre- andpost tests data were analyzed using multivariateanalysis ofvariance (MANOVA)followed by univariate analysis of variance(ANOVA). The findings from ANOVA analysis reveal that overall there was a difference between thetreatment and control groupsfor motivation.MANOVA analysis confirmsmore significant differences on motivational subscales namely on attention, relevance, level of confidence and satisfaction between these twogroups.In general, the impact was very substantial and gave a strong indication that the treatment was very meaningful.Therefore, this research has given a newandideal way of teaching additional mathematics to school administrators, subject teachers and students byengagingthe use ofalternativedynamic geometric softwares that are of the same quality as the ones supplied by MoE.
Interactive comment on “Sensitivity of Arctic sulfate aerosol and clouds to changes in future surface seawater dimethylsulfide concentrations” by Rashed Mahmood et al

The presented study uses an atmospheric global climate model to determine the impacts of increased oceanic DMS emissions on the Arctic sulfate aerosol budget, cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) and cloud radiative forcing. The main finding is that increased wet scavenging of sulfate in 2050 compensates for any increased aerosol production due to higher DMS emissions. Furthermore, significantly higher CDNC and more negative cloud radiative forcing are found in 2050 because of higher nucleation rates. The first half of the paper describes the comparison of a historical simulation (1991-2003) with observations from ship-based campaigns and at Alert in the Canadian Arctic. The second half of the paper reports results from a simulation experiment for 2000 and 2050. The illustrations and visualization of results adequately
HCCI Engine Cyclic Variation Characterization Using Both Chaotic and Statistical Approach

This paper investigates the cyclic variation of ignition timing in an Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine using a range of experimental data collected from a single-cylinder Ricardo engine. Under certain operating conditions, HCCI engines can exhibit large cyclic variations in ignition timing. Cyclic variability ranging from stochastic to deterministic patterns can be observed. This work applies two methods to study patterns of CA50 (Crank angle of 50% fuel burnt) cyclic variation in an HCCI engine. Nine points ranging from the misfire to knock limit within the HCCI mode are experimentally measured by varying the intake manifold temperature. The return map techniques used in nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory are applied to observe possible deterministic structures inherent in these points. Probability distribution for cyclic combustion timing is the second approach examined. Experimental data of 338 different points over a wide range of operating conditions are examined to find out the conditions where a normal distribution for CA50 is observed. Three common statistical testing methods are used to verify the hypothesis of having a normal distribution for each data point.
THE EFFECTS OF PERCH DIAMETER AND INCLINE ON THE HIND LIMB MOVEMENTS OF THE ARBOREAL LIZARD, ANOLIS SAGREI

Arboreal animals often move in habitats with dense vegetation, narrow perches and variable inclines, but effects of arboreal habitat structure on locomotor function are poorly understood for most animals. Several species of Anolis lizards, which have served as a model group for relating locomotor performance to morphology, have decreased maximal sprinting speeds when perch diameter decreases. However, the effects of perch diameter on the limb movements of Anolis have not been previously studied. Hence, I quantified the hind limb movements of Anolis sagrei, which naturally occurs on a wide variety of perch diameters and inclines. For each lizard, I obtained similar speeds of steady locomotion for each combination of round perches with diameters of 1, 3, 6 and 10 cm and uphill inclines of 0°, 45° and 90°, as well as a flat surface inclined at 0° and 45°. The effects of diameter and incline were widespread as 54 of 60 kinematic variables changed significantly with either diameter or incline. Diameter significantly affected nearly twice as many kinematic variables as incline (44 versus 24), but many kinematic variables were changed little with increases in surface diameter beyond 6 cm. A. sagrei used a more upright limb posture on narrow perches and had a progressively more sprawled limb posture as surface diameter increased. Stride length, step length and stride duration increased significantly with increased perch diameter. Significantly greater knee flexion during stance was important for locating the foot more medially during movement on narrow perches. Femur depression, femur retraction and long-axis femur rotation decreased significantly as the surface diameter increased. The foot is most lateral to the hip during the swing phase and maximal lateral displacements decreased with decreased perch diameter. Consequently, the width required to accommodate limb movement also decreased as perch diameter decreased.
Design and simulation of high frequency colpitts oscillator based on BJT amplifier

Frequency oscillator is one of the basic devices that can be used in most electrical, electronics and communications circuits and systems. There are many types of oscillators depending on frequency range used in an application such as audio, radio and microwave. The needed was appeared to use high and very high frequencies to make the rapid development of advanced technology Colpitts oscillator is one of the most common types of oscillator, it can be used for radio frequency (RF), that its output signal is often utilized at the basic of a wireless communication system in most application. In this research, a Colpitts oscillator is comprised from a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) amplifier with LC tank. This design is carrying out with a known Barkhausen criterion for oscillation. Firstly, is carried out using theoretical calculation. The secondary is carried out using simulation (Multisim 13). All the obtained result from the above two approaches are 10 MHz and 9.745 MHz respectively. This result is seen to be very encouraging.
Effect of L-carnitine on Troponin, IL-6 and HS–CRP levels after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Background: L-carnitine seems to be able to prevent complications after heart surgery using Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the adverse effects of pump usage. This study aimed to evaluates the effects of L-carnitine on cardiac biomarkers and operation characteristics after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods and materials: In this randomized triple-blinded, sixty patients undergoing elective CABG surgery were divided into three equal groups to receive 2gr oral L-carnitine (group A), 5gr oral L-carnitine (group B) and placebo (group C) 2 hours before surgery. IL-6, creatinine, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS–CRP) levels, CK-MB, cardiac troponin and inotrope administration in ICU or after CPB were recorded for all patients at baseline levels and at 8 or 24 hours postoperatively. Results: There was an evidence of a significant difference in CPK-MB level and number of red blood cell packed used in group A was lower than group C (p<0.05). The cardiac troponin level 8 hours after surgery significantly decreased in two treatment groups in comparison to group C (p<0.05). The need for inotropic support after weaning from CPB, in B group was statistically higher than C group (p=0.021). Conclusion: Although L-carnitine adjunct therapy appears not to be associated with IL-6 and HS–CRP levels, it had beneficial effects on cardiac troponin and CPK-MB levels.
Diverse Routing Strategies for On-Demand Lightpath Provisioning in ASON/GMPLS Networks

This paper shows through simulation experiments how using network failures information with dynamic routing in ASON/GMPLS networks can considerably impact on the performance of such network. Three routing strategies are considered differing only in its use of failure information. The performance is evaluated in terms of request blocking probability and availability over two different networks from a sparse one to another highly meshed.
NOTE ON EXACT VALUES OF MULTIPLICITIES OF EIGENVALUES OF THE STAR GRAPH

The Star graph is the Cayley graph on the symmetric group Symn generated by the set of transpositions {(12), (13), . , (1n)}. A Chapuy–Feray combinatorial approach is used to obtain multiplicities of eigenvalues. Exact values are calculated up to n = 10 and compared with lower bounds on multiplicities of eigenvalues for this graph.
THERMOREGULATION AND RATE OF BODY WARMING DURING WARM WATER (40°C) IMMERSION IN FEMALE CHILDREN AND ADULTS.

Despite these physiological factors and empirical evidence, core warming rates and sweating responses of children immersed in warm water have not been determined or compared to those of adults. Our purpose was to: 1) determine if children could tolerate even a short exposure to moderately warm (40°C) water; 2) quantify the rate of core temperature increase and the sweating response for female children, adolescents and adults under these conditions; and 3) establish the relationship between rate of core temperature increase and sweating responses to age and body physique. METHODS With faculty ethics approval, 14 females (8 children aged 7-11 yrs; 3 adolescents aged 12-17 yrs and 3 adults aged 19-23 yrs) were studied. Body mass, stature, surface area, and percent body fat (Durnin and Womersley 1974) were determined. We monitored core temperature (via indwelling aural canal thermocouple) (Tac), heart rate, and forehead sweat rate (ventilated capsule) during immersion in 40°C water until Tac increased to 38.5"C. Rates of core temperature increase, core temperature thresholds for sweating as well as maximal sweating responses were each correlated against age and anthopometric variables. RESULTS Immersion times (to Tac of 38.5"C) ranged from 10 to 31 min (meanfSD) (children 18.2k6.0 min; adolescents - 21.5k8.3 min; and adults - 22.5f6.4 min). All subjects tolerated at least a short period (10 min) of warm water immersion well. One child experienced a brief syncopal episode soon after exiting the warm bath (this orthostatic intolerance was immediately reversed by laying the subject down). However, she had been immersed for 23 min before reaching the exit criterion Tac of 38.5"C. She later returned to the lab and underwent a 10 min immersion (in water of the same temperature) without further complication. All subjects indicated that they would have voluntarily
Nature’s Pill: A Spotlight on Lifestyle and Adolescent Anxiety

Anxiety disorders plague high numbers of adolescents throughout the world. This demographic seems particularly susceptible due to hormonal and social changes occurring in their lives (Kendall & Peterman, 2015). Through experimental and correlational studies, lifestyle changes (including exercise, diet, and sleep) have shown to be effective in reducing adolescent anxiety, while also acting as predictors of future anxiety susceptibility (Abdollahi & Talib, 2015; Asare & Danquah, 2015). While comparable in effectiveness to pharmaceutical approaches, changes in lifestyle cause no side effects. In considering long-term treatment of adolescent anxiety, it is suggested that lifestyle changes be the foundation of treatment plans to focus on causes and not simply symptoms. Lack of data regarding how often lifestyle changes are implemented in treatment plans presents a limitation in knowing how large of an issue this is. However, it is known that pharmaceuticals are commonly used with adolescents despite the lack of studies performed on that population regarding the lasting effects of medication (Voltas, HernandezMartinez, Arija, & Canals, 2017). When considering the side effects and uncertainty involved in the pharmaceutical treatment of adolescents for anxiety, lifestyle changes offer a safer, more long-term option that should be implemented before considering pharmaceutical interventions. 2 Submission to Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal in Psychology https://scholarsarchive.byu. edu/intuition
Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities, Vol. 5, No. 3, 2019, Pages 1-12

To Cite This Article: Kenechukwu Okeyika Okezie and Austine Okere Ifeanyi. On Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) and Nutritional Poverty in Anambra West and Dunukofia Local Governments Areas of Anambra State, Nigeria. Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities, 5(3): 1-12, 2019 ON CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS (CCTS) AND NUTRITIONAL POVERTY IN ANAMBRA WEST AND DUNUKOFIA LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AREAS OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Interactive comment on “ Towards a more complete quantification of the global carbon cycle ” by Miko

This is a novel and interesting paper that should stimulate discussion around this important topic. It brings together a quantification of many relatively small elements of the global carbon cycle that when combined could make a substantial reduction in the “residual sink” that has typically been assigned to the terrestrial biosphere. The paper further makes explicit some aspects which had previously been implicit in the budget – as the authors state, this improves clarity. Overall, the implications for vegetation modelling could indeed be substantial as there is an implication that current global vegetation models (which simulate an imbalance within the uncertainty of the residual sink; Le Quéré et al., 2018) may be overestimating the carbon sink provided by the biosphere (but see comment below about how this discussion is presented).
A 24MHz Relaxation Oscillator Using Single Current Mode Comparator with ±1.67% Drift from -40°C to +175°C for Automotive Sensor Application

This paper presents a 24MHz RC on-chip relaxation oscillator with single current mode comparator for automotive sensor application. This oscillator implements only one high speed comparator operating in current mode and a local reference voltage to control the charging process. The frequency trimming is executed at room temperature to constrain process and mismatch impacts. Duty cycle deviation is attenuated as low as possible since identical hardware is reused between current and following period. The power supply rejection (PSR) is improved by a local regulator and a RC filter separately. The proposed design is fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The oscillator analog core consumes 100μA at 3.3V power supply. The measurement results show that a stable output frequency is created as 24MHz after trimming with ±1.67% deviation from -40°C to 175°C. The supply voltage ranges from 1.8V to 3.6V.
Identification of a class of index models: A topological approach

We establish nonparametric identification in a class of so-called index models by using a novel approach that relies on general topological results. Our proof strategy requires substantially weaker conditions on the functions and distributions characterising the model than those required by existing strategies; in particular, it does not require any large-support conditions on the regressors of our model. We apply the general identification result to additive random utility and competing risk models.
Atmospheric Dry Deposition to Natural Water
of Wetland in Suburban Beijing

In recent years, with the development of industrialization and urbanization, ecological environment problems have been paid more attention in China, especially in atmospheric environments. Wetlands play a significant role in removing pollutants from the atmosphere via dry deposition. However, it is unrealistic for some places to carry out field collections. In order to seek a feasible and credible way to estimate the dry deposition of wetland, a particle dry deposition model for natural water was used to calculate the atmospheric dry deposition on the Cuihu Wetland of Beijing on the basis of the data of concentrations of particles, wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. In addition, the atmospheric dry deposition fluxes and deposition velocities were simultaneously measured using a knife-edge surrogate surface, which has a sharp leading edge. The observed and modeled values were compared. Results shows that SO4 2−, NO3 −, NH4 + and Cl− were the major components of water-soluble ions in the atmosphere. The mass concentration ratio of NO3 /SO4 2− shows that stationary source emissions are more important than vehicle emissions because of the current industrial use of high-sulfur coal during daytime in suburban Beijing. The ratios of the modeled/observed fluxes during daytime and nighttime were 1.38 and 3.47, respectively. The corresponding values during the normal, dry, and wet periods were 1.93, 2.47, and 2.36. The average ratio of the modeled/observed fluxes was 2.32. Thus, it is crucial to further improve both the laboratory and field measurements and analytical methods for the particle deposition to narrow the current uncertainty in the estimates of atmospheric dry deposition. In addition, further studies should be carried out to modify the model to extend its use for the evaluation of dry deposition on the wetlands of Beijing.