Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Turn-Taking: Motivations, Methodological Challenges, and Novel Approaches

In this paper, we note that despite being a multimodal phenomenon, turn-taking has still been investigated mostly as being unimodal. Based on theoretical positions emphasizing that communication is organized jointly by interaction partners, we identify the challenge of assessing human sequential behavior: 1) spread across different modalities and 2) co-constructed with a partner. By analyzing a corpus of mother-child dyads with cross recurrence quantification analysis and frequent pattern mining, we offer novel steps toward understanding multimodal turn-taking.
Secure Bootstrapping Using the Trusted Platform Module

The protection of Computer Hardware and Software using Cryptographic algorithms has assumed importance in the recent years. The Trusted Computing Group (TCG) has put forward certain conditions to be met by the computer hardware, software and firmware so that the devices may be considered trusted. The Trusted Platform Module is a hardware device that will authenticate the code modules contained in the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) of a computer to ensure that the Computer System starts in a trustworthy state. This device can also protect against Memory Management attacks including Buffer Overflows and Memory Pointer attacks.
Multiobjective Design Optimization of Generalized Multilayer Multiphase AC Winding

The need for higher efficiency motors is becoming more relevant due to recent policies adopted in most advanced economies, which are adopting new minimum energy performance standards. A great effort to optimize several parts of rotating electric machines is being done to fulfill that requirement. Recent studies focus on stator winding optimization, because of its high loss share. In this paper, a general multilayer winding configuration is proposed for winding design optimization for multiphase symmetrical machines, by combining multilayer integer-slot, fractional-slot, and fractional-slot concentrated windings. The constrained minimization of the airgap magnetomotive force harmonic distortion and winding resistance is solved by the hybridization of differential evolution with a non-dominating sorting algorithm. A framework is provided for replication purposes. An experimental application example of standard and optimized windings is included for performance assessment. The optimized winding leads to a significant motor efficiency gain, while reducing the amount of copper needed for manufacturing.
Aspects of Group B streptococcus(GBS) disease in the newborn : Epidemiology, characterisation of invasive strains and evaluation of intrapartum screening

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is an important aetiological agent of serious neonatal infections. A rapid and sensitive method for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women at delivery could make intrapartum screening for GBS possible. A real-time PCR method targeting the sip gene of GBS in pregnant women at delivery has been evaluated. The performance of the real-time PCR was compared with optimized GBS culture. Separate vaginal and rectal swabs were collected from women hospitalized at the delivery department at St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway, from January 15 through May 2005. The specimens were cultured on selective blood agar plates and in selective broth and examined by real-time PCR. Of samples from 251 women, 87 (34.7%) were GBS positive by culture and 86 (34.3%) were positive by PCR. Using GBS culture as the 'gold standard', the sensitivity of real-time PCR was 0.97 (95% confidence interval 0.90-0.99) and specificity was 0.99 (95% confidence interval 0.97-1.00). In two women the PCR was positive and the culture negative. Additional analysis using cylE PCR substantiates that these two women were true GBS carriers with negative GBS culture. The rate of GBS colonization was lower in vaginal specimens than in rectal specimens both by culture and PCR. The real-time PCR assay is fast, highly sensitive and specific for detecting GBS colonization in pregnant women at delivery, and has the potential for intrapartum detection of GBS colonization. Both vaginal and rectal samples are required to achieve highest possible detection rate.
SCRAS Server-Based Crosslayer Rate-Adaptive Video Streaming over 4G-LTE for UAV-Based Surveillance Applications

This research focuses on intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based, real-time video surveillance to ensure better monitoring and security of remote locations over 4G-LTE cellular networks by maximizing end-user quality of experience (QoE). We propose a novel server-based crosslayer rate-adaptive scheme (SCRAS) for real-time video surveillance over 4G-LTE networks using UAVs. Our key contributions are: (1) In SCRAS, mobile UAVs having preprogrammed flight co-ordinates act as servers, streaming real-time video towards a remote client; (2) server-side video rate adaptation occurs in 4G-LTE based on the physical characteristics of the received signal conditions due to variations in the wireless channel and handovers; (3) SCRAS is fully automated and independent of client assistance for rate adaptation, as it is intended for real-time, mission-critical surveillance applications; (4) SCRAS ensures that during rate adaptation, the current video frame should not be damaged by completing the current group of packet (GoP) before adaptation. Our simulations in NS3 provide credible evidence that SCRAS outperforms recently proposed schemes in providing better QoE for real-time, rate-adaptive, video surveillance over 4G-LTE under varying channel quality and frequent handovers that occur during flight by UAVs.
Modelling of CNC Machine Tools for Augmented Reality Assistance Applications using Microsoft Hololens

With the ongoing development of both, augmented and virtual reality new important paths open for the use of computer aided manufacturing. Microsoft’s new mixed reality device, the HoloLens bridges the gap between reality and digital content by injecting holograms into the user’s field of view. This new way of showcasing digital data enable whole new fields to for development. In this paper, the verification of CNC machining with the Microsoft Hololens will be illustrated and examined. This paper will introduce a framework which enables users to perform machine simulation using Augmented Reality. Machine models can be picked on a remote computer and be loaded into the Hololens as holograms. Through the framework they can be simulated, and the machining processes observed before the actual process starts.
Fingertip Tactile Sensor With Single Sensing Element Based on FSR and PVDF

The fingertip sensor is essential for the closed loop control of prosthetic hand, while the development of a tactile sensor with a balance in the cost and performance is still a challenge. This paper presents the development of an anthropomorphic fingertip sensor for prosthetic hands. The structure of our sensor mainly consists of a force sensing resistor (FSR) sensor module and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensor module. The PVDF sensor module is made up of a circular truncated cone shaped PVDF film that wrapped in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The PVDF sensor module plays two roles in the tactile sensing task. First, the dynamic low frequency response of the PVDF is used for dynamic contact point estimation. Second, the high frequency response of the PVDF is used for texture recognition. An FSR sensor module is used for static force measuring. Experimental results show that the sensor has a good performance in contact force measuring, contact point estimation, and texture recognition. The force measurement error of normal force is less than 5% at the most sensitive subareas, and the sensor is capable of distinguishing five subareas of the sensitive part at an accuracy over 96%. It also can recognize five different textures with an accuracy of 94.1%±0.7%.
On the Spatial Evolution of Traffic State Transitions: Empirical Observations and General Features

Features of transitions between stationary traffic states for both congestion onset and dissipation were evaluated through empirical observations at two freeway sites. Results reveal that transition durations vary significantly between sites and that they can be rather long, with observed average transition durations of 42–45 min in one site. It was also observed that transition durations remain relatively constant within a queue, while transition rates vary as the transition zone travels upstream of the bottleneck. In addition, results also suggest that complex site geometry, particularly the presence of multiple lane reductions, has an effect on the spatial evolution of transition rates, while single merging and diverging maneuvers do not seem to affect the mechanism of transitions. Finally, it was observed that the presence of non-stationary traffic periods could have a considerable effect on the estimation of key traffic variables in locations where long transition durations are observed.
Highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensor with elastic metallized sponge

This paper presents a novel capacitive pressure sensor that is capable of making highly accurate measurements at low pressure. Different from the method that many researchers have successfully used to improve the sensitivity of capacitive sensors by using a micro-structured dielectric layer (such as the micro-structured PDMS film), this paper creatively used an elastic metallized sponge (nickel-plated polyurethane sponge) as the elastic porous electrode of the capacitive sensor, so that it can detect very low pressure (such as a 0.2 g soybean). Compared with the traditional capacitive sensor using an insulative polyurethane sponge as the dielectric, the baseline capacitance of the sensor of the same size can increase by 10 times, and it has a better signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the sensor has good robustness due to the good mechanical properties of the nickel-plated polyurethane sponge. The fabrication process of the sensor is extremely simple, the cost is low, and it can be made into any planar shape. In this paper, we describe the structure, principle and manufacture of the sensor, and present the application on robotic grasping.
Contribution of Smart Cities to the Energy Sustainability of the Binomial between City and Country

Cities are at the center of the transition to a decarbonized economy. The high consumption of electricity in these urban areas causes them to be the main focus of greenhouse gas emissions. However, they have a high margin of capacity to increase energy efficiency and local energy generation. Along these lines, the smart urban management model has been proposed as a solution to the unsustainability of cities. Due to the global trend of population concentration in urban areas, cities tend to be representative of the population, energy consumption, and energy sustainability of their countries. Based on this hypothesis, this paper studied the relationship between the smart city model and the concept of energy sustainability. First, the research analyzed the relationship between urban population growth and energy sustainability; and then the self-consumption capacity of photovoltaic electricity of the main cities of the countries classified in the energy sustainability indicator (Energy Trilemma Index 2017) of the World Energy Council was analyzed. According to the results, the scope of action for self-consumption of photovoltaic electricity is broad and cities have the capacity to contribute significantly to the energy sustainability of their countries. Following the approach of other authors, the development of energy sustainability objectives and the installation of smart systems in distribution grids must be aligned with national objectives.
Correct the Piecewise Linearization Error of Quadratic Objective Function in DC OPF Model

In power industries and academia, piecewise linearization methods are widely used in optimal power flow (OPF) problems to approximate the nonlinear objective functions. Better computational performance can be achieved. However, limited attention has been paid to the approximation error. In electricity markets, this error could cause distortions of market clearing results and deficits in social welfare. To address this issue, we provide a criterion for the desired number of piecewise segments. We then propose an efficient method for correcting the piecewise linearization error of the DC OPF problems.
Air Jet Impingement Cooling of Electronic Devices Using Additively Manufactured Nozzles

This article reports the design, fabrication, and demonstration of additively manufactured air jet impingement coolers for the thermal management of high-power gallium nitride (GaN) transistors. The polymer jet coolers impinge high-speed airflow with a velocity of 42–195 m/s (Reynolds number between <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.87 \times 10^{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8.77 \times 10^{4})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> onto working GaN devices mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB). The air jet provides cooling heat fluxes of up to 58.4 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, cooling rates of up to 6.6 °C/s, and convective heat transfer coefficient ranging from 5.2 to 17.0 kW/(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}\cdot \text{K}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The cooling performance is comparable to that of jet coolers made from other materials and manufacturing technologies. A key benefit of additive manufacturing (AM) is design freedom and geometric complexity, which we highlight by demonstrating three different packaging configurations, each enabled by a different jet cooler design that is customized for different types of packaging configurations: Cooler 1 directs two parallel impinging jets onto the top side of two devices; cooler 2 directs two air jets onto the front side and two air jets onto the back side of two devices; and cooler 3 directs air jets onto the front side of four devices mounted on parallel adjacent circuit boards. The second benefit of AM is the ability to consolidate multiple components into a single part, which we highlight by combining a nozzle, a fluidic delivery system, and a flow distributor within a volume of 80 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times80$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times100$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm. This work demonstrates the potential of AM to create complex, lightweight, fluidic delivery systems to achieve thermally and hydrodynamically optimized air jet cooling for high-power-density electronic devices.
An Effective Passive Islanding Detection Algorithm for Distributed Generations

Different issues will be raised and highlighted by emerging distributed generations (DGs) into modern power systems in which the islanding detection is the most important. In the islanding situation, a part of the system which consists of at least one DG, passive grid, and local load, becomes fully separated from the main grid. Several detection methods of islanding have been proposed in recent researches based on measured electrical parameters of the system. However, islanding detection based on local measurements suffers from the non-detection zone (NDZ) and undesirable detection during grid-connected events. This paper proposes a passive islanding detection algorithm for all types of DGs by appropriate combining the measured frequency, voltage, current, and phase angle and their rate of changes at the point of common coupling (PCC). The proposed algorithm detects the islanding situation, even with the exact zero power mismatches. Proposed algorithm discriminates between the islanding situation and non-islanding disturbances, such as short circuit faults, capacitor faults, and load switching in a proper time and without mal-operation. In addition, the performance of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated under different scenarios by performing the algorithm on the IEEE 13-bus distribution system.
The virtual infantry soldier: integrating physical and cognitive digital human simulation in a street battle scenario

Simulation has become a powerful method for military research and combat training due to its intuitive visualization, repeatability, and security in contrast to real-world training. Previous studies often divided cognitive and physical factors into isolated models using separated platforms. Ideally, both cognitive and physical aspects of a virtual soldier should be modeled on the same platform. We demonstrated an integrated modeling that combines cognitive models with physical human models. A simple task was used, requiring the virtual soldier to navigate in a virtual city, avoid enemies, and reach the destination asap. The Queueing Network-Adaptive Control of Thought Rational cognitive model helps the virtual soldier make choices after encountering enemies. Based on the information collected, the soldier will choose different strategies. Two general-purpose methods from the cognitive modeling and digital human modeling were combined. The results were able to capture the behavioral states as planned and visualize the movement of the virtual soldier, who was able to complete the task as expected. The results demonstrated the feasibility of integrated models combining cognitive and physical aspects of human performance in the application of virtual soldiers. Future studies could further compare the results of model output with human empirical data to validate the modeling capabilities.
A Three-Phase Modular Isolated Matrix Converter

This paper discusses the analysis, design, and experimental validation of a modular isolated matrix converter (MIMC), including modulation, commutation, and control. The MIMC topology is a single-stage high power density ac–ac converter, which is attractive for traction applications and space-restricted low voltage (LV) or medium voltage (MV) future distribution networks. The topology under study utilizes bidirectional switches based dual-active-bridge cells as basic building blocks. A single cell would have limited practical application as the output frequency is locked to the input one. On the contrary, the repetition of single cells proposed in the MIMC extending the matrix converter concept, achieves variable frequency operation while also providing a modular structure. However, the presence of medium frequency transformers in each cell poses additional challenges for modulation and safe commutation that are discussed and solved in this paper. Experimental results from a proof-of-concept 6 kW laboratory scale prototype validate the practical feasibility and the operation of the MIMC.
A Fully Differential Chopper Circuit in 130nm CMOS for Noise Minimization in Sensor Applications

For sensor applications, the bandwidth of interest is generally a few hertz. In this bandwidth, offset and 1/f noise are the dominant sources of error. Chopping technique is an efficient approach to decrease the 1/f noise and low-frequency offset of CMOS amplifiers; thus, in this paper, a proposed chopper circuit to tackle these problems is presented. The chopper circuit is designed using complementary CMOS switches that are optimized to achieve symmetric linear resistance in the range of input signal. The proposed circuit has a low ON resistance that only varies within 8% of its value for a rail to rail input. To validate its operation, it is used to build up a fully differential chopper stabilized CMOS amplifier powered at 1V. The resulting circuit achieves a thermal noise floor of 10 nV/√Hz and reduces the input referred noise corner frequency from 1-kHz to300mHz.
Switched capacitor based Z‐source DC–DC converter

This study proposes a common grounded Z-source DC–DC converter. In comparison to conventional Z-source converter, it converts voltage with higher voltage gain and lower voltage stress on the switch, diodes and capacitors. In addition, it needs smaller inductors in comparison to the similar converters. The converter is analysed and compared with other converters. Its main equations are obtained which show the converter advantages as lower voltage stresses, smaller inductors, higher efficiency and higher voltage gain in comparison to the reviewed converters. A prototype for the proposed converter is prepared based on analysis and theoretical parts. Experiments are done along the lines of the analysis. Experimental results and theoretical equations are used to prove the converter operation quality.
Torque Pulsation Reduction in Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Windings IPM Motors by Lowering Sub-Harmonics

This paper proposes a method to reduce the torque pulsation of the three-phase fractional-slot concentrated-winding (FSCW) interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor by lowering sub-harmonics. The key principle of this method is the selection of an optimized six-layer winding with different numbers of conductors. Firstly, the interaction of stator-rotor magnetomotive force (MMF) which contributes to the torque pulsation is analyzed. Additionally, the relationship between sub-harmonics (1st sub-harmonic and 2nd sub-harmonic) and torque pulsation orders is revealed. Then, different numbers of conductors are adopted in coils to eliminate the 2nd sub-harmonic. Nevertheless, the 1st sub-harmonic increases in the two-layer and four-layer windings. Therefore, the optimized six-layer winding is employed to suppress the 1st sub-harmonic and ensure that the 2nd sub-harmonic is zero. Besides, there are almost no other harmonics except the main harmonic and slot harmonics in the proposed IPM motor. Hence, the torque pulsation can be greatly reduced even under different current angles. Furthermore, the principle for torque pulsation reduction by lowering sub-harmonics is revealed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through the comparisons with finite element analysis and experimental test.
Time-Domain Modeling of Transmission Line Crossing Using Electromagnetic Scattering Theory

Classical multiconductor transmission line (MTL) theory, which is employed in electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulators, is built on the assumptions that the wire structure is infinitely long and has a uniform cross-section. Therefore, non-uniformities which occur in physical power systems, such as transmission line crossings, are not represented in classical MTL models. A new transmission line model has been developed to calculate space varying per unit length (PUL) parameter matrices near a conductor crossing using electromagnetic scattering theory. The proposed scattered field transmission line (SFTL) model has been implemented for lossless, frequency-independent conductors, that cross each other at a variable crossing angle. A single dimensional finite difference time domain (1D-FDTD) algorithm has been used to obtain the time-domain solution at each simulation time-step. Obtained results have been compared with those from a three dimensional (3D) full-wave electromagnetic solver.