Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Renal Resistive Index in Cirrhotic Patients for Predicting the Hepatorenal Syndrome

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of renal resistive index(R I) in patients with liver cirrhosis as an indi cator for predicting hepatorenal syndrome. Materials and Methods: Renal Rls of thirty cirrhotic patients were analyzed using the gray-scale and Doppler ultrasonograms. As a control group , eight normal subjects were also included. Renal Rls were measured at three sites of interlobar or arcuate arteries of both kidneys. The patients were divided into three groups (A , B , or C) according to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification and their serum BUN and creatinine levels were compared. We determined whether Rls of normal controls differed from those of cirrhotic patients or whether Rls of cirrhotic patients correlated with the Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification or BUN and creatinine levels Results: Mean Rls(0.63 :t 0.03) of normal subjects were statistically different from those(0.67 :t 0.05) of cir rhotic patients(P=0.009). Rls of group A(n=6) , B(n=9) and C(n=15) were 0.65 :t 0.03 , 0.65 :t 0.04 and 0.70 :t 0.04 , respectively. The ANOVA test revealed statistically significant differences between the three groups(F ratio=4. 472 , P=0.02 1). Rls did not correlate with BUN or creatinine levels. Conclusion : RI could be used as an index for predicting hepatorenal syndrome before the renal function becomes impaired.
Cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil versus epirubicin plus paclitaxel in node-positive early breast cancer patients: A randomized, phase III study of Gruppo Oncologico Nord Ovest-Mammella Intergruppo Group

516 Background: This trial is aimed at comparing the efficacy and tolerability of 2 regimens of adjuvant therapy for patients (pts) with node-positive breast cancer. Methods: Women with operable, N+ breast cancer and less than 10 involved axillary nodes were eligible. Therapy was as follows: Arm 1 (CEF): cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, epirubicin 60 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 given every 3 weeks for 6 cycles; Arm 2 (ET): epirubicin 90 mg/m2, paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 3-hour infusion given every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. Tamoxifen (20 mg/die) was given to all pts with ER and/or PgR positive tumor. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were event free survival (EFS) and tolerability. The study was designed to detect a hazard ratio of 0.80, assuming an alpha error of 0.05 (two sided) and a power of 0.80. This required 500 pts per arm. Results: From Nov 1996 to Jan 2001, 1,055 pts were randomized: 520 pts received CEF and 535 ET regimens. Main pts characteristics were age <50 years (35.
Epidemiology of Osteoarthritis of the Knee

We measured the incidence of osteoarthritis of outpatients in six university and thirty-six general hospitals. In addition we performed a case study on osteoarthritis of the knee to investigate physical and other factors associated with severity of symptoms, uning a selfadministered questionnaire.Investigation of the hospital statistics revealed that 7.6% of all orthopeadic patients had osteoarthritis of the knee, and 70% of these cases were females. Regarding age 97% of patients were over forty years of age, and 900, 000 men and women were newly diagnosed with this disease every year.Symptoms of this disease were more severe with increasing body weight and BMI (Body Mass Index) at the time of both initial examination and at forty years of age. Bluecollar workers presented with more severe symptoms than did other workers.
Determinants of asymptomatic cerebral aneurysms in the general population

Poster: "ECR 2011 / C-1074 / Determinants of asymptomatic cerebral aneurysms in the general population" by: "M. W. Vernooij, M. Poels, M. A. Ikram, G. P. Krestin, M. Breteler, A. van der Lugt; Rotterdam/NL"
Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal

Determinar las causas directas de mortalidad y los factores de riesgo asociados en pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica terminal (ERCT) en hospitales Minsa categoria III-1 de Trujillo, durante el periodo 2008-2013. Material y metodo. La poblacion estuvo formada por 430 pacientes con diagnostico de ERCT en el Hospital Belen y Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, durante el periodo 2008-2013, de los cuales 62 pacientes fallecieron. El grupo de casos incluyo a 41 pacientes fallecidos y el de controles, a 123 pacientes vivos. Resultados y conclusiones. La principal causa directa de mortalidad fue la cardiovascular, seguida de la infecciosa y la metabolica. La edad avanzada, la diabetes mellitus, el control inadecuado de la presion arterial, el numero de hemodialisis menor de tres veces por semana y la anemia moderada-grave fueron factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad. El sexo masculino no fue factor de riesgo ni factor protector. El numero de hemodialisis menor de tres veces por semana fue el factor de riesgo mas asociado a mortalidad. Determine the direct causes of mortality and risk factors associated with mortality in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in MINSA hospitals category III-1 of Trujillo during the period 2008-2013. Material and method. The study population consisted of 430 patients diagnosed with ESRD in Hospital Belen and Hospital Regional of Trujillo, during the period 2008-2013, of which 62 patients died. The case group and control group were 41 deceased patients and 123 alive patients respectively, with the same diagnosis in the same hospitals during the same period. Results and conclusions. The main cause of direct mortality was cardiovascular, followed by infectious and metabolic. Advanced age, diabetes mellitus, inadequate control of blood pressure, hemodialysis less than 3 times per week and moderate-severe anemia were risk factors associated with mortality. The male sex wasnAEt risk factor neither protective factor. Hemodialysis less than 3 times per week was the risk factor most associated with mortality.
The planning of craft and technician education in Hong Kong 1957 to 1982

This thesis examines the planning of craft and technician education in Hong Kong, from the late 1950s, when the Technical College moved to Kowloon, to 1982, when the Department of Technical Education and Industrial Training and the Vocational Training Council were established. The study includes a review of social and industrial developments, and how they . have affected technical education, as well as how planning has been undertaken as a joint exercise involving the Government, educational establishments and industry. The two major approaches to manpower planning are then examined, namely the first system depending largely on forecasting, and the second employing flexible education and training methods combined with the substitution of labour, and reasons are given why a suitable combination of the two methods is usually selected. In addition, international developments and the methodology and techniques of manpower planning are discussed, as well as whether it can be used to stimulate economic growth. This leads to an examination of the manpower planning methods that have been employed in Hong Kong, and hew these have been "translated" into. a supply of technically educated personnel for industry, and how more thought has been given to social needs and students' aspirations in recent years. This thesis also examines the planning and problems of growth and change in technical education, with respect to accommodation and equipment, courses and curricula, and staffing. The study then demonstrates how Hong Kong has become wealthier during the period under review, and how much money has been allocated to education. An analysis is then made of how this was spent, in the case of craft and technician courses, in order to compare how costs varied from institution to institution, and from discipline to discipline. The penultimate chapter then derives various conclusions from the foregoing study and the "postscript" examines briefly the developments from 1983 to 1985.
Increasing Health-Promoting Behaviors and Health Education Efficacy Among Clinical Staff

Reducing rates of overweight and obesity is now an international health priority. Nonphysician clinical staff are uniquely well positioned to deliver or support the delivery of interventions to promote health behaviors in Americans. Yet levels of health-promoting behaviors among clinical staff are not higher than in the general population. Moreover, clinical staff often feel unprepared to encourage health-promoting behaviors among their patients. The Clinical Staff Health-Smart Behavior Program (CS-HSBP) is an employment site-based health promotion program to increase health-promoting behaviors among health care clinical staff members. The major aims of this study are to examine whether training clinical staff to implement the CS-HSBP with a group of peers increased (a) participants’ engagement in health-promoting behaviors, and (b) participants’ sense of efficacy at educating patients on health-promoting behaviors, the percentage of patients participants educated on health-promoting behaviors, and participants’ sense of themselves as healthy lifestyle role models for their patients. Participants were 66 clinical staff members at a university-affiliated outpatient health center. Results indicate that the CS-HSBP was effective at increasing staff’s engagement in health responsibility, healthy eating, and physical activity and also staff’s perception of their capability of educating patients and their perception of themselves as role models to their patients. Results also show no significant effect of the program on stress management and the percentage of patients educated by clinical staff. Study limitations and implications for future implementation of clinical staff-focused wellness programs are discussed.
Resistência a antimicrobianos em Staphylococcus aureus isolados de mastite em bovinos leiteiros de Minas Gerais, Brasil Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis in dairy herds from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) stands out as one of the most common etiological agents of bovine mastitis, currently causing major economic losses to dairy farming. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of this micro-organism to antimicrobials, 352 isolates from 35 dairy herds located in the state of Minas Gerais were submitted to antibiogram tests, using the disc diffusion technique. Nitrofurantoin and the associations of neomycin, bacitracin and tetracycline (NBT), as well as penicillin, nafcillin and dihydrostreptomycin (PND), showed 100% efficiency in vitro. There were low resistance rates in the group of cephalosporins, with values of 0, 0.28 and 0.40% for cefquimona, cephalothin, and ceftiofur, respectively. Among the aminoglycosides, there was 1.69% resistance to gentamicin and 3.35% for neomycin. The highest resistance was observed for polymyxin B (82%), followed by betalactams, ampicillin and penicillin, with resistance rates of 80.92 and 80.45%, respectively. Moderate levels of resistance were observed for tetracycline, lincomycin, cefoperazone and sulfazotrim. Among the tested isolates, 65 (18.15%), coming from 24 of the 35 herds studied, showed multidrug resistance (MAR index ≥ 0.2). The results pointed out to high variation in antimicrobial resistance profiles and the occurrence of multidrug resistance among some studied strains, highlighting the importance of antibiogram tests for the choice of an appropriate drug to be used for the treatment or prevention of mastitis caused by
Prevalence and determinants of hypertension among business class community of Lahore, Pakistan

Hypertension is one of the leading health issue in developing countries. There are many factors associated with hypertension like obesity, excessive intake of salt, smoking and drinking alcohol. Current study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among business class community in Lahore. A community based survey in Lahore was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and determinants in business class community aged 20- 45 year. Questionnaire was designed, translated into local language and 400 participants were interviewed as per structured questionnaire, collected data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS 22. The prevalence of hypertension among study population was 37.5%. Results were astonishing only 32% of hypertensive patients were taking antihypertensive pills. Being overweight was strongly associated with hypertension, also excessive salt intake and sedentary life style were the contributing factors. There is dire need of awareness to be related hypertension among business class community counselling them about salt intake, smoking and regular exercise. Farooq et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, September 2016, 5(10): 79-81 http://www.icpjonline. com/documents/Vol5Issue10/01.pdf
ENZIMATSKA AKTIVNOST I FUNKCIONALNI STATUS JETRE OVACA NA ISPAŠI

Odlika metabolizma ovce kao preživara je da hranu niske bioloske vrijednosti pretvara u hranu visoke bioloske vrijednosti, pri cemu je najvecem opterecenju izložena jetra. Određivanje aktivnosti enzima jetre u krvnom serumu ima veliku dijagnosticku vrijednost. Sa ciljem utvrđivanja funkcionalnog statusa jetre ovaca na ispasi provedeno je istraživanje na ovcama pasmine pramenka sa podrucja Bosne i Hercegovine. Uzorci krvi uzimani su prije jutarnje muže punkcijom vratne vene (v. jugularis externa) u BD Vacutainer epruvete za serum a 6 ml. U krvnom serumu spektrofotometrijski na automatskom analizatoru sa gotovim paket slajdovima analizirani su alkalna fosfataza (AP), alanin aminotransferaza (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaza, (AST), gamaglutamiltransferaza (GGT) i laktatdehidrogenaza (LDH). Na osnovu rezultata analize krvnog seruma utvrđene su povecane vrijednosti ALT-a i GGT-a, dok su se vrijednosti ostalih ispitivanih enzima kretale u okviru fizioloskih granica. Povecane vrijednosti ALT-a i GGT-a mogu upucivati na hronicne promjene jetre nastale kao moguca posljedica djelovanja toksicnih tvari u hrani.
Hipertensão pulmonar devido à doença cardíaca esquerda

A hipertensao pulmonar associada a doenca cardiaca esquerda (HP-DCE) e a forma mais comum de hipertensao pulmonar encontrada na pratica clinica atual. Embora frequentemente alvo de terapia, a sua fisiopatologia permanece mal compreendida e seu tratamento permanece indefinido. Hipertensao pulmonar no contexto da doenca cardiaca esquerda e um marcador de pior prognostico e de gravidade da doenca. Porem, desconhecemos se o seu tratamento primario e benefico ou prejudicial. Um passo importante para o estudo futuro deste problema clinico sera a padronizacao das definicoes e criterios diagnostico. (AU) Pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease (HP-ECD) is the most common form of pulmonary hypertension found in current clinical practice. Although often being target of therapy, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood and its treatment remains undefined. Pulmonary hypertension in the context of left heart disease is a marker of poor prognosis and severity of the disease. However, its primary treatment is not known to be beneficial or harmful. An important step for the future study of this clinical problem is the standardization of definitions and diagnostic criteria. (AU)
Lesión gastrointestinal por AINE/COXIB y su tratamiento

Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) son compuestos heterogéneos que comparten acciones terapéuticas, así como efectos adversos. Todos ellos actúan a través de la inhibición de la sintetasa de prostaglandinas o ciclooxigenasa (COX). Existen dos isoformas: ciclooxigenasa 1 (COX-1) y ciclooxigenasa 2 (COX-2). La COX-1 es la forma constitutiva de la enzima, por lo que se encuentra normalmente en casi todos los tejidos y tiene un efecto citoprotector a nivel gastrointestinal. Por otra parte, la isoenzima COX-2 es la enzima inducible y se expresa en los tejidos en respuesta a estímulos por sustancias como el factor de necrosis tumoral, factor de crecimiento epidérmico, lipopolisacáridos, factor activador de plaquetas y citocinas proinflamatorias (IL-1); el resultado es la producción de mediadores del dolor y la inflamación. Los diferentes AINE actúan al suprimir a ambas isoenzimas o bien a la COX-2 de manera preferencial o selectiva. Los AINE comunes (no selectivos) inhiben a ambas isoenzimas (COX-1 y COX-2), pero son casi todos selectivos para COX-1. Los inhibidores de COX-2 (COXIB) anulan casi de manera selectiva o en mayor proporción a la COX-2 y carecen de efecto inhibitorio significativo sobre la COX-1 en los límites posológicos utilizados en clínica.
Evaluation of Depression in Women Affected by Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Objective: In this paper, we explored the association between the clinical course of Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) and patient’s response to emotional stress in terms of depression. Method: All participants (n=57 women with Fibromyalgia Sindrome (FMS); control group (203 healthy women) underwent the following tests: IPAT- CDQ-depression. Results: Patients with FMS presented medium to high levels of depression (p<0.001) as expected. Conclusion: Patients show medium to high of depression Further studies are necessary especially on depressive symptoms, quality of life, to better understand the difficulty of adaptation during the course of the disease.
Rhabdomyolysis Due to Hypothyroidism and Fenofibrate Use

Rabdomiyoliz iskelet kasının travmatik veya nontravmatik pek çok hastalıkları sonucunda görülen klinik ve biyokimyasal bir sendromdur. Rabdomiyolizin etiyolojisinde; travma, iskemi, toksinler, ilaçlar, metabolik bozukluklar ve infeksiyonlar yer almaktadır. Fenofibrat sık olarak diyabetik dislipidemide ve hipertrigliseridemide tek başına veya statinlerle kombinasyon hâlinde kullanılır. Tip 2 diabetes mellitusu (DM) ve hipotiroidisi olan, levotiroksin tedavisini son bir aydan beri bırakan ve fenofibrat kullanan hastada gelişen rabdomiyoliz olgusu sunulmaktadır.
Antiplatelet Development: The Search for AmericaÃ¢ÂÂs Next Top Agent

Given the evolution of coronary stents over the past couple of decades and the support of guidelines, the use of PCI with stenting will continue to remain at the forefront of treating those with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [2-9]. However, stenting poses an increased risk of thrombosis which begins during the periprocedural period and persists over the long-term due to exposure of foreign material within the coronary vasculature and other factors [10]. Historically, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) consisting of aspirin and a thienopyridine was used to mitigate any negative consequences including stent thrombosis and recurrent cardiovascular events. Ticlopidine (Ticlid®) was the first agent to show a benefit in reducing cardiac endpoints but its use was limited because of a higher incidence of blood dyscrasias particularly neutropenia [11,12].
Physical Examination and the Physician-patient Relationship: A Literature Review

Background Physical examinations in clinical settings are becoming relatively infrequent due to recent advances in diagnostic tests. However, for many physicians and patients, physical examinations remain a vital part of consultations. In addition, as a proportion of physicians consider these examinations to improve doctor-patient communication, they remain an important part of training for medical students. Methods We reviewed literature from medical and social sciences regarding the influence of physical examination on the doctor-patient relationship. Searching of 3 databases and 5 journals identified 1,447 studies, of which 57 are included in this review. Results Although historical studies have suggested that technological advancement increases the psychological and physical distance between doctors and patients, ethnographic studies have demonstrated a continued and close relationship between the two. A number of medical reports noted that close proximity during physical examination, particularly touch, strengthens doctor-patient relationships, reduces patient anxiety, and can have a healing effect on patients. In contrast, social scientific studies focused on patients, who considered this proximity invasive. Conclusions Increased collaboration between medical and social sciences, analysis of patient experiences, and research in nonWestern countries might help characterize the benefits, or lack thereof, of physical examinations. Iida J, Nishigori H MedEdPublish https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2016. 000100 Page | 2
Food Intake of Rural School Going Boys and Girls of Haryana, India: A Comparative Study

The present study was conducted to determine food intake of 100 rural school going boys and girls (10–12 years) selected randomly from the two villages namely Khabra Kalan and Jandwala Baggar of Fatehabad district, Haryana, India. Food intake of children was assessed using methods of dietary survey (24 hr recall method). Among cereals wheat was consumed daily by all of the respondents as it was main cereal in the study area. About 50 per cent of the children's families were consuming consumed bengal gram (48%) and green gram (53%) on weekly basis, black gram was consumed on fortnightly basis by 49 per cent of families while red gram (43%), lentil (38%) and soyabean (41%) were consumed rarely by most of respondents. The mean daily cereal intake of the school boys was 63.04 per cent of RDI and girls was 63.29 per cent of RDI. Most of the respondents i.e., 51 and 29 per cent consumed fruits less than 50 per cent of RDI and 50 to 74.9 per cent of RDI, respectively. The mean daily intake of cereals, pulses, fats and oils, milk and milk products, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, roots and tubers, sugar and jaggery and fruits by rural school going children was found to be lower than RDI and this may be due to lower agricultural production, low availability, lack of knowledge, higher price and low purchasing power of the respondents’ families.
A Commentary on Perceived Need from Indian Perspective

The current Indian health –care scenario is overwhelmed not only with burden of diseases but also with quality of care and expenditures. The structure of this paper is interwoven around a storyline about a patient and narrations of the active actors involved in the journey of illness including patient himself. The narrations are followed by a commentary as an attempt to decipher the deeper meaning of narration from the population perspectives. The essential aim of this exercise is to establish the necessity of generalist care from a qualitative view-point in Indian context.
Magnetic resonance imaging at ultra high field: implications for human neuroimaging

Even before the development of magnetic resonance imaging, scientists and engineers repeatedly predicted that, despite the theoretical potential of high eld, physical and engineering challenges would prevent the practical realization of gains in signal to noise. Many of the arguments used to disparage high eld MRI can be divided into issues of uniform excitation, image distortion, and patient safety. In the former category lies challenges such as RF penetration limitations, dielectric resonances, coil self-resonance, coil-sample interactions, and RF power requirements, which may prevent uniform B1 can best be studied with numerical modeling techniques. Within the second category are e ects such as chemical shift artifact, susceptibility distortions, and contrast convergence that can be well studied through analytic techniques and methodical manipulation of imaging parameters. In the category of safety belong RF power deposition and magnetohydrodynamic e ects. In this thesis, issues of static eld safety will be exhaustively explored and investigation of image contrast and quality will be undertaken to assess the potential of the 8 Tesla system for human neuroimaging. This thesis will speci cally examine the theoretical risk of cardiac arrhythmia from induced currents and demonstrate the negligible cardiac, cognitive, and physiological bioe ects through animal and human studies. The extent of signal to noise ratio enhancement possible at 8 Tesla will be assessed and harnessed to obtain high resolution whole brain images. In the end, experimental results and analysis