Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying COBIT 5 in Higher Education

IT governance framework has emerged as important aspects for all organizations. Organization that has lack of IT governance also experiences lack of good corporate governance. As a result, the organization has difficulties to link its IT benefits to organization’s objectives. In some cases, the lack of IT governance even causes severe impacts to school management. The article takes case of a higher institution, STMIK MBM, one of popular IT school in North Sulawesi, that has experienced with frequent IT interruption. The frequent IT interruption has caused severe consequences not only to current school operation, but also to the reputation of the school. In the beginning year of 2017, the ineffective academic data management has caused the severe interruption of school operation and led to the change of school management. To promote IT good governance, the new school director has initiative to apply COBIT 5, as an effective IT governance framework for the school. The article provides an analysis of COBIT 5 implementation with the objectives to provide a reference for major school stakeholders to understand and develop effective business and IT policy. The outcome is expected to provide insight of good IT governance for higher education institution.
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators in Children : Innovation to Design a Pediatric Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator

Although the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is now established as safe and effective for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in children, pediatrics accounts for less than 1% of market share, inhibiting corporate financial incentive for development of a pediatricspecific device. Over the past two decades since the ICD became clinically available, progressive downsizing of devices and leads has allowed for their use in children. However, the smallest of children and those with particular forms of congenital heart disease (CHD) often require customized implant techniques. Children have different implant indications, implant techniques, programming issues, psychosocial impact, and follow-up care considerations. Compared with the typical adult ICD patient, most pediatric ICD patients outlive their device by decades. This necessitates proper advance planning to maximize device and lead longevity, vascular patency, and other chronic management issues. This paper will briefly review the specific indications and implantation issues unique to pediatrics and will suggest future innovations to consider for developing a pediatric defibrillator.
What Causes the Differences in Management Practices between US and UK? An Application of Decomposition Analysis on Firms across Countries

The aim of this study is to examine what makes the differences of management practices between the United States and the United Kingdom using decomposition analysis. First, this study analyzes the determinants of management practices, and does the empirical research. Determinants of management practices are concluding product market competition, ownership, firm age, human resources (education, working hours, and payment). Essentially we argue that the differences (if any) between US and UK’s management practices can be expanded by product market competition and education. The results demonstrate that education (managers’ degree and employees’ degree) is positively correlated with management practice gap, but the impact of competition on management practices gap is negative. In particular, employees’ degree variables explained approximately 70% of the management gap.
Novel Analgesic Adjuncts for Brachial Plexus Block: A Systematic Review

This article reviews current evidence for the efficacy of adding novel analgesic adjuncts to brachial plexus block, the goal of which is to prolong analgesic effect without the disadvantage of systemic side effects or prolonged motor block. It may also allow for a reduction in the total dose of local anesthetic used. Novel adjuncts studied to date include opioids, clonidine, neostigmine, and tramadol. Twenty-four studies were reviewed and assessed by using specific inclusion criteria, and only those studies satisfying these criteria were included in the final assessment. Satisfactory studies were then assessed for inclusion of a systemic control group to determine peripheral effect, as opposed to possible systemic effect, of an adjunct administered peripherally. Evidence regarding the analgesic benefit of opioid adjuncts remains equivocal and more evidence is required before their routine use can be recommended. Clonidine appears to have significant analgesic benefit and to cause minimal adverse effects when used in doses up to 150 &mgr;g. Data regarding other drugs, such as tramadol and neostigmine, are not sufficient to allow for any recommendations, and further studies are required. Implications This systematic review indicates that there is little evidence for the analgesic benefit of adding opioids to brachial plexus block. Clonidine appears to be beneficial in doses up to 150 &mgr;g. There are currently insufficient data with regard to neostigmine and tramadol to allow for further recommendations.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms, Folate, and Cancer Risk: a Paradigm of Gene-Nutrient Interactions in Carcinogenesis

Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that common polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with allele frequencies up to 35% in the general North American population may modulate cancer risk. In some cancers, folate and other nutrients involved in the MTHFR metabolic pathway appear to interact with MTHFR polymorphisms to further modify cancer risk. In carcinogenesis, MTHFR polymorphisms thus provide a paradigm of gene-nutrient interactions, an emerging and important topic in the field of nutrition and cancer. Furthermore, MTHFR polymorphisms and MTHFR-nutrient interactions provide an opportunity to identify an ideal target group of individuals, at high risk of developing cancer, for rational, effective, and safe chemoprevention using these nutrients.
[Hereditary Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease caused by a mutation at codon 200].

INTRODUCTION A typical case of genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a 39-year-old woman without remarkable familial history is described. CASE REPORT Initial symptoms were disequilibrium, cerebellar syndrome and complex neurovisual complaints. EEG was pseudoperiodic. NSE and 14-3-3 protein levels were elevated in the CSF. MRI showed anomalies of the anterior parts of the putamen and the caudate nuclei on the MRI T2 FLAIR sequence, mainly on diffusion sequences. A quinacrine test did not yield any effect. Death eventually occurred 8 months after the first symptoms. CONCLUSION Current data on genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are briefly reviewed.
Mortality and inherited thrombophilia: results from the European Prospective Cohort on Thrombophilia

Summary. Background: Data on the survival of individuals with hereditary thrombophilia are rare and only come from retrospective studies. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess mortality in individuals with known thrombophilia with and without a history of thrombosis in comparison to a control group. Patients/methods: The European Prospective Cohort on Thrombophilia (EPCOT) study is a prospective, multi‐center observational study performed to assess the risk of thrombosis in persons with inherited thrombophilia. In an extension of the present study, the vital status was assessed in 1240 individuals with thrombophilia (mean age 40.9 years, 59% women, 196 with antithrombin, 341 with protein C, 276 with protein S‐deficiency, 330 with factor (F)V Leiden and 97 with combined defects, and 62% with a history of venous thrombosis [VT]) and 875 controls (mean age 42.5 years, 48% women, 7% with a history of VT). Results: Seventy‐two individuals with thrombophilia and 45 controls died during follow‐up. The risk of death, adjusted for gender, thrombosis history and center, was not associated with thrombophilia (hazard ratio [HR] thrombophilia individuals vs. controls: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–1.78). When individuals with thrombophilia were evaluated separately, a history of thrombosis was not associated with mortality: the risk of death after adjustment for gender, anticoagulation and center was HR 0.79 (95% CI, 0.41–1.54). Conclusions: No increased risk of death in individuals with thrombophilia, not even in those with a history of thrombosis, was observed.
A Kindling‐like Effect Induced by Repeated Exposure to Heated Water in Rats

Summary: Hyperthermia was induced in mature rats by immersing them in 20 cm of 45oC water for 4 min. Rats were made hyperthermic once every 4 days for six exposures. A significant number had at least one convulsion by the third exposure. During the seventh exposure, 2 weeks after the sixth exposure, twice as many rats experienced convulsions. Two weeks later, four rats that had convulsed following exposure to heated water at an earlier time convulsed on exposure to a strobe light flashing at 25 Hz. The percentage of rats having experienced at least one convulsion increased dramatically when tested 2 and then an additional 3 months later. Spontaneous (handling‐induced) convulsions also occurred in a few rats that had been exposed to heated water previously. The data indicate that repeated exposure to this type of hyperthermia can result in an increase in convulsive susceptibility in mature rats and may be a useful, noninvasive model for studying kindling, febrile convulsions, and epilepsy in rodents
Exploring the Interdependency between Public and Charitable Medical Research

Continuing concern about the fiscal deficit makes it likely that government funding of health and medical research will remain under scrutiny. This OHE Consulting study, commissioned by Cancer Research UK, explores the interdependence between publicly funded and charity funded medical research. In particular, it focuses on whether and how changes in the levels of government funding can affect private funding for charities, medical research and the UK economy as a whole. The research included a literature review, an interview programme involving key funders and stakeholders directly involved in the UK medical research system, and a workshop that provided an element of peer review. The study found substantial benefits, both financial and qualitative, from the existence of a diversity of funders for UK medical research. It also found that future reductions in the level of government financial support for medical research are likely to cause disproportionate damage to the ability of charities to raise funds. Public spending on medical research stimulates additional private donations to charities; a cut would have the opposite effect by signalling a decline in the perceived importance of funding for charities and for medical research. Also identified are broader negative effects that would follow a reducing in public spending. These include, for example, a decline in UK GDP, the possible shifting of the locus of some research to outside the UK, a weakening of the UK's medical research capacity, and potential harm to standards of care for patients in the UK.
A new full CMOS SRAM cell structure

A new full CMOS SRAM cell structure that can reduce the cell size to about a half of the conventional one, is presented. The cell structure is featured with such technologies as p/n polycide gate electrodes, shallow trench isolation, deep trench isolation and double level Al interconnects. Cell size measuring 7.4 × 14.1 µm (=104.34 µm2), has been achieved experimentally, which is about a half of the conventional one of the same design rule (1.2 µm). A test vehicle with a 4 Kb cell array was fabricated and its electrical characteristics were examined. Any appreciable degradations in the SRAM operation items were not observed. With this new cell structure, cell occupied area of 27.35 mm2is expected to be realized in 256 Kb full CMOS SRAM.
Anatomy of the nasal cavity determines intranasal trigeminal sensitivity.

BACKGROUND Aim of this study was to investigate whether intranasal anatomy plays a role in intranasal trigeminal sensitivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 65 healthy subjects (30 female, 35 male) participated in this study (age range 18-35 years). Nasal cavities were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The area of the nasal cavity was measured in 5 coronal sections distributed across the length of the nasal cavity. Trigeminal function was assessed by determining thresholds for CO2, and responses to suprathreshold stimulation with CO2 and menthol (intensity ratings; event-related potentials). In addition, rhino-manometric measures were obtained. RESULTS A positive correlation was found between the size of the nasal cavity and trigeminal event-related potentials in response to suprathreshold CO2 and menthol stimuli. By contrast, no such correlations were found between nasal cavity size and CO2 thresholds. Results from rhino-manometry correlated only with the size of the nasal cavity in the nasal valve area. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that, at least at a suprathreshold level, nasal anatomy plays a significant role in determining interindividual differences in the sensitivity to trigeminal stimuli.
Cortical Cyto- and Chemoarchitecture in Three Small Australian Marsupial Carnivores: Sminthopsis macroura, Antechinus stuartii and Phascogale calura

The cyto- and chemoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex has been examined in three small (mouse-sized) polyprotodont marsupial carnivores from Australia (the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura; the brown antechinus, Antechinus stuartii; and the red-tailed phascogale, Phascogale calura) in order to compare the cortical topography of these marsupials with that of diprotodontids, didelphids and eutherians. All three species studied had similar cortical cytoarchitecture. The isocortical surface was dominated by primary somatosensory (S1) and visual (V1) areas. Putative secondary sensory areas (S2, V2M, V2L) were also identified. The primary somatosensory cortex demonstrated clumps of granule cells in the presumptive mystacial field, whereas the primary visual area showed a distinctive chemical signature of intense calbindin immunoreactivity in layer IV. On the other hand, the primary auditory area was small and indistinct, but flanked by a temporal association area (TeA). A cytoarchitecturally distinct primary motor cortex (M1) with prominent pyramidal neurons in layer V and poor layer IV was identified medially to S1, and at rostral levels a putative secondary motor area was identified medial to M1. Transitional areas between isocortex and allocortical regions showed many cyto- and chemoarchitectural similarities to those reported for eutherian (and in particular rodent) cortex. Medially, two cingulate regions were found at rostral levels, with dysgranular and granular ‘retrosplenial’ areas identified caudally. Laterally, granular and agranular areas surrounded the rostral rhinal fissure, to be replaced by ectorhinal and perirhinal areas caudally. The findings indicate that the cyto- and chemoarchitectural features which characterize the iso- and allocortex in these small marsupial carnivores are similar to those reported in didelphids and eutherians and our findings suggest the existence of putative dedicated motor areas medial to the S1 field.
Topiramate‐induced metabolic acidosis: report of two cases

Two children who presented with symptomatic metabolic acidosis after being put on topiramate (TPM) are reported. The first patient was an 11‐year‐old male with refractory complex partial epilepsy who was put on TPM for 13 months. He developed hyperventilation 1 week after increasing the dose to 300mg/day. Arterial blood gas revealed hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis with partial respiratory compensation: pH 7.36, PCO2 27.2 mmHg, bicarbonate 14.9 mEq/L, base excess ‐8.9 mmol/L. Hyperventilation and acidosis resolved after administration of sodium bicarbonate and reduction of the dose of TPM. The second patient was a female who developed increasing irritability at age 16 months and 21 months, each time associated with introduction of TPM and resolved promptly upon withdrawal of the drug. Venous blood gas taken during the second episode revealed pH 7.34, PCO2 37.4 mmHg, bicarbonate 20.4 mEq/L, base excess ‐4.2 mmol/L. The predominant mechanism of TPM‐induced hyperventilation involves inhibition of carbonic anhydrase at the proximal renal tubule, resulting in impaired proximal bicarbonate reabsorption. The occurrence of hyperpnoea or mental status change in any patient who is on TPM should prompt an urgent blood gas sampling, with correction of the acid‐base disturbances accordingly.
A narrative review of the literature about people with intellectual disability who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex or questioning

This narrative review of the research literature presents a summary about the key issues facing people with intellectual disability (ID) who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex or questioning (LGBTIQ). The aim of this review was to consolidate research of the topic; to identify whether any pilot studies reporting social/sexual/educational interventions had been published; and to offer some perspective on the type of future research required to better inform policy, practice and theory that may lead to better outcomes for people with ID who identify as LGBTIQ. Almost all of the research literature on the topic is either exploratory or descriptive which serves to outline the range of issues faced by people with ID who identify as LGBTIQ. Urgently needed as the next step, however, is a concerted effort to conduct a range of innovative educational and social interventions with collection of targeted and appropriate outcomes data.
Pelvis-Thorax Coordination in the Transverse Plane During Walking in Persons With Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Study Design. Transverse pelvis and thorax rotations were studied during walking in 39 patients with nonspecific low back pain and 19 healthy participants. Objectives. To gain insight into the consequences of low back pain for gait and to identify clinically useful measures for characterizing the quality of walking in patients with low back pain. Summary of Background Data. Gait studies in patients with low back pain have reported a decrease in walking velocity. In normal gait, in-phase pelvis-thorax coordination (synchronicity) evolves toward antiphase coordination (counterrotation) as walking velocity increases. This study examined the effect of walking velocity on pelvis and thorax rotations in patients with low back pain. Methods. Amplitudes of pelvis and thorax rotations were calculated, and spectral analyses were performed. Pelvis-thorax coordination was characterized in terms of relative Fourier phase, and coupling strength was assessed by means of cross-spectral analysis. Results. In comparison with healthy participants, relative Fourier phase was significantly smaller in low back pain patients for walking velocities of 3.8 km/h and higher, whereas coupling strength was significantly higher for velocities from 1.4 to 3.0 km/h. No significant group differences were found in amplitude or spectral content of individual pelvis and thorax rotations. Conclusion. In comparison with healthy participants, the gait of patients with low back pain was characterized by a more rigid, less flexible pelvis-thorax coordination in the absence of significant differences in the kinematics of the component rotations. This result suggests that coordination measures are more adequate in assessing quality of walking in patients with low back pain than are kinematic measures pertaining to the individual segment rotations, and that conservative therapy should use methods aimed at improving intersegmental coordination.
The Initial Public Offering Decision: A Survey of Kenya Corporate Finance Officers

One of the most momentous events in the life of corporations is “going public”. The decision to list/ or not, cannot be generalized into one single determinant for all companies: different firm characteristics and external environment attributes play a role in the choice of the better option. This paper examined the variables influencing the decision of Kenyan CFOs to conduct an IPO or to remain private. The IPO CFOs view point revealed that the most common reason for conducting an IPO at NSE was to meet financing needs, followed by the impetus given by favourable market conditions, and lastly, as an exit strategy that enables founder entrepreneurs to liquidate their investments. The quest to reduce cost of capital received less weight as an IPO motivator. When the impediments to going public were evaluated, it was the view of the non-IPO CFOs that the desire to maintain decision making control was the most critical justification. The second most common deterrent to IPO launch was the prevailing bad market conditions. The need to avoid EPS dilution, and regulatory and reporting requirements were viewed as less critical disincentives . Keywords: Initial public offering, IPO determinants, Remaining Private, Kenya
Exact prediction of a natural T cell epitope

T lymphocytes recognize their antigen as peptides associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Peptides naturally presented by MHC class I molecules are uniform in length and have a specific motif, both defined by the respective MHC allele (Falk, K. et al. Nature 1991. 351: 290). These allele‐specific motifs should allow exact prediction of natural T cell epitopes. H‐2Kb‐restricted epitopes, for example, have a length of eight amino acid residues and conserved anchor residues at positions 5 and 8. According to this information, we predicted the natural Kb‐restricted epitope of ovalbumin, thought to be contained in the 19‐mer IINFEKLTEWTSSNVMEER, to be SIINFEKL. Here we show that this prediction is correct. Thus, exact prediction of natural T cell epitopes is possible.
FCRL5 exerts binary and compartment-specific influence on innate-like B-cell receptor signaling

Innate-like splenic marginal zone (MZ) and peritoneal cavity B1 B lymphocytes share critical responsibilities in humoral responses but have divergent B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling features. A discrete marker of these subsets with tyrosine-based dual regulatory potential termed “Fc receptor-like 5” (FCRL5) was investigated to explore this discrepancy. Although FCRL5 repressed the robust BCR activity that is characteristic of MZ B cells, it had no influence on antigen receptor stimulation that is blunted in peritoneal cavity-derived B1 B cells. The molecular basis for the receptor’s inhibitory function derived from recruitment of the Src homology-2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) to a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif. Surprisingly, mutagenesis of this docking site unearthed coactivation properties for FCRL5 that were orchestrated by independent association of the Lyn Src-family kinase with an intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-like sequence. FCRL5’s unique binary regulation directly correlated with SHP-1 and Lyn activity, which, like BCR function, differed between MZ and B1 B cells. These findings collectively imply a specialized counterregulatory role for FCRL molecules at the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity.