Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional reorganization of the brain in recovery from striatocapsular infarction in man

We used positron emission tomography (PET) to study organizational changes in the functional anatomy of the brain in 10 patients following recovery from striatocapsular motor strokes. Comparisons of regional cerebral blood flow maps at rest between the patients and 10 normal subjects revealed significantly lower regional cerebral blood flow in the basal ganglia, thalamus, sensorimotor, insular, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, in the brainstem, and in the ipsilateral cerebellum in patients, contralateral to the side of the recovered hand. These deficits reflect the distribution of dysfunction caused by the ischemic lesion. Regional cerebral blood flow was significantly increased in the contralateral posterior cingulate and premotor cortices, and in the caudate nucleus ipsilateral to the recovered hand. During the performance of a motor task by the recovered hand, patients activated the contralateral cortical motor areas and ipsilateral cerebellum to the same extent as did normal subjects. However, activation was greater than in normal subjects in both insulae; in the inferior parietal (area 40), prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices; in the ipsilateral premotor cortex and basal ganglia; and in the contralateral cerebellum. The pattern of cortical activation was also abnormal when the unaffected hand, contralateral to the hemiplegia, performed the task. We showed that bilateral activation of motor pathways and the recruitment of additional sensorimotor areas and of other specific cortical areas are associated with recovery from motor stroke due to striatocapsular infarction. Activation of anterior and posterior cingulate and prefrontal cortices suggests that selective attentional and intentional mechanisms may be important in the recovery process. Our findings suggest that there is considerable scope for functional plasticity in the adult human cerebral cortex.
Antimutator Role of DNA Glycosylase MutY in Pathogenic Neisseria Species

ABSTRACT Genome alterations due to horizontal gene transfer and stress constantly generate strain on the gene pool of Neisseria meningitidis, the causative agent of meningococcal (MC) disease. The DNA glycosylase MutY of the base excision repair pathway is involved in the protection against oxidative stress. MC MutY expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited base excision activity towards DNA substrates containing A:7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine and A:C mismatches. Expression in E. coli fully suppressed the elevated spontaneous mutation rate found in the E. coli mutY mutant. An assessment of MutY activity in lysates of neisserial wild-type and mutY mutant strains showed that both MC and gonococcal (GC) MutY is expressed and active in vivo. Strikingly, MC and GC mutY mutants exhibited 60- to 140-fold and 20-fold increases in mutation rates, respectively, compared to the wild-type strains. Moreover, the differences in transitions and transversions in rpoB conferring rifampin resistance observed with the wild type and mutants demonstrated that the neisserial MutY enzyme works in preventing GC→AT transversions. These findings are important in the context of models linking mutator phenotypes of disease isolates to microbial fitness.
ATZE Die HELICA-Endoprothese – eine neue zementlose Hüft-Endoprothese beim Hund

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Bei der HELICA-Endoprothese handelt es sich um eine neu entwickelte zementlose Totalendoprothese für Hunde. Dabei wird die Schraube im Femurhals verankert, die Pfanne in das Azetabulum eingedreht. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, die klinische Anwendbarkeit und die ersten Erfahrungen zu analysieren. Material und Methode: Die HELICA-Totalendoprothese wurde bei 23 Hunden mit hochgradiger Koxarthrose und entsprechender Schmerzsymptomatik eingesetzt. In 14 Fällen erfolgte die Implantation der Prothese linksseitig, bei 9 Hunden rechtsseitig. Das Gewicht der Tiere lag zwischen 22 und 54 kg, das Alter zwischen 10 Monaten und 9 Jahren. Alle Patienten konnten 6 Wochen und 15 Hunde 12 Monate nach der Operation röntgenologisch und klinisch nachuntersucht werden. Sowohl der Schaftanteil als auch die Pfanne sind reine Schraubprothesen. Eine zusätzliche Fixation mit Schrauben ist nicht nötig, da es zu einer vollständigen Osteointegration des Implantats kommt. Bisher wird die Prothese in fünf Standardgrößen angeboten, wobei die einzelnen Hüftschäfte, Pfannen und Köpfe jeweils miteinander kombiniert werden können. Ergebnisse: In allen Fällen ließ sich eine feste Verankerung der Prothese im Knochen erzielen. Bei einem Patienten lockerten sich wenige Tage nach der Operation die Pfanne und der Schaft. Bei einem anderen Hund trat nach 6 Wochen eine Lockerung der Schaftprothese ein. Beide Komplikationen waren auf technische Fehler in der Lernphase zurückzuführen. Die Revisionen führten dann zum Erfolg. Alle Tiere belasteten die operierte Gliedmaße bereits am Tag nach der Operation fast lahmheitsfrei. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Vorteile der HELICA-Endoprothese liegen gegenüber alternativen Prothesen in der relativ einfachen Operationstechnik sowie in der kurzen Operationszeit. Die klinischen Ergebnisse der ersten implantierten Prothesen sind sehr günstig zu bewerten. Eine endgültige Aussage lässt sich aber erst anhand entsprechender Langzeitstudien machen.
Processing of Prothyrotropin-releasing Hormone by the Family of Prohormone Convertases*

The post-translational processing of prothyrotropin-releasing hormone (pro-TRH25–255) has been extensively studied in our laboratory, and the processing pathway to mature TRH has been elucidated. We have also demonstrated that recombinant PC1 and PC2 process partially purified pro-TRH to cryptic peptides in vitro and that pro-TRH and PC1 mRNAs are coexpressed in primary cultures of hypothalamic neurons. To further define the role of each convertase, and particularly PC1 and PC2, in pro-TRH processing, recombinant vaccinia viruses were used to coexpress the prohormone convertases PC1, PC2, PACE4, PC5-B, furin, or control dynorphin together with rat prepro-TRH in constitutively secreting LoVo cells or in the regulated endocrine GH4C1 cell line. Radioimmunoassays from LoVo-derived secreted products indicated that furin cleaves the precursor to generate both N- and C-terminal intermediates. PC1, PC2, and PACE4 only produced N-terminal intermediates, but less efficiently than furin. In GH4C1 cells, PC1, PC2, furin, PC5-B, and PACE4 produced both N-terminal and C-terminal forms. Significantly, TRH-Gly and TRH were mostly produced by PC1, PC2, and furin. Utilizing gel electrophoresis to further analyze the cleavage specificities of PC1 and PC2, we found that PC1 seems primarily responsible for cleavage to both intermediates and mature TRH, since it generated all products at significantly higher levels than PC2. The addition of 7B2 to the coinfection did not augment the ability of PC2 to cleave pro-TRH to either N- or C-terminal forms.
Studies on T lymphocyte activation I. Requirements for the mitogen‐dependent production of T cell growth factors

Conditioned media (CM) obtained from concanavalin A (Con A)‐stimulated spleen cell cultures maintain mitogen‐derived T cell blasts in exponential growth for indefinite periods of time. Such purified T cell blasts do not respond to Con A, and the growth‐promoting activity in CM is independent of the mitogenic lectin used for its production. However, the appearance of activity in CM is Con A dose‐dependent. Furthermore, the production of these T cell growth factors is independent of B cells, while it requires both T cells and nontheta‐bearing, probably la‐positive cells present in normal and nude spleens. On the other hand, the T cell blasts which are reactive to the growth factors, neither produce CM by themselves nor can they cooperate with nude spleen cells for its production, in the presence of a mitogenic lectin.
The effect of type II diabetes mellitus on platelet aggregation in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

BackgroundIn noninsulin-dependent type II diabetic (tIIDM) patients it was reported that ADP-induced platelet aggregation response was increased with decreased level of platelet guanylate cyclase. This study was therefore designed to examine the effects of tIIDM on collagen-induced, in-vitro platelet aggregation in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) patients. MethodsTwenty patients with tIIDM and 30 nondiabetic patients who had successful PTCA were included in the study. Platelet-rich plasma samples from the patients before and after PTCA were treated with in-vitro collagen and platelet aggregation waves were calculated via the turbidometric method of Born. The maximum amplitude (%) and the ratio of changes after PTCA in the study participants were measured by these waves and data were compared by student's t tests and nonparametric methods. The maximum amplitude of collagen-induced platelet aggregation before and after the procedure was also compared using variant analysis. ResultsThe change in collagen-induced maximum amplitude of platelet aggregation in both wave 1 and wave 2 was significantly more (P < 0.001–P < 0.001) in the tIIDM group. The ratio of restenosis seen in the control coronary angiography made 6 months after intervention was found to be significantly more in the tIIDM group (P < 0.05). ConclusionsCollagen-induced platelet aggregation response was greater in patients with tIIDM than in nondiabetic patients. This makes us think that tIIDM patients could need more potent antiplatelet therapy before PTCA after the blood glucose levels have been regulated.
Hemodynamic effects of blood volume restitution following a hemorrhage in rats with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis of the liver: Influence of the extent of portal‐systemic shunting

The present study investigated whether, in rats with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis of the liver induced by carbon tetrachloride, blood volume restitution following a hemorrhage produces an increase of portal pressure beyond control values, as observed in rats with prehepatic portal hypertension. Since carbon tetrachloride‐induced cirrhosis caused mild portal‐systemic shunting, in some of the cirrhotic rats (12 of 29 rats) portal‐systemic shunting was enhanced by a transient (4 days) partial constriction of the portal vein, which was removed 1 week prior to the study. After baseline measurements of portal pressure and arterial pressure, 15 ml per kg of blood were withdrawn at a rate of 0.3 ml per min and reinfused 15 min later. After blood reinfusion, portal pressure and arterial pressure were measured again, and cardiac output, regional blood flows and portal‐systemic shunting were determined using radioactive microspheres. Portal‐systemic shunting was 78 ± 11% of total blood flow in the cirrhotic rats that had temporary portal vein constriction, but only 5 ± 2% (p < 0.001) in those that did not. Blood volume restitution in low‐portal‐systemic shunting rats did not produce any significant modification in splanchnic or systemic hemodynamics. However, in rats with high portal‐systemic shunting, blood volume restitution produced a significant increase in portal pressure (from 9.9 ± 0.9 to 13.5 ± 0.9 mmHg, p < 0.02). This increase in portal pressure after blood reinfusion was due to a significant increase in portal vascular resistance (from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 1.9 ± 0.2 mmHg per ml per min per 100 gm, p < 0.05), since no significant changes were observed in either portal blood flow or systemic hemodynamics. Our results show that blood volume restitution after a hemorrhage worsens the portal hypertension syndrome in cirrhotic rats with high portal‐systemic shunting but not in those with low portal‐systemic shunting, thus demonstrating that the extent of portal‐systemic shunting is an important mediator of this deleterious effect.
A trustworthy Web services framework for business processes integration

Web services can help business processes integration (BPI) in both flexible and efficient manner to fulfill dynamic business demands and trustworthiness becomes the critical concern for realizing the vision of such service-oriented enterprises. In this paper, we propose a trustworthy Web services framework for BPI to discuss various trustworthy issues from three different perspectives: structure, service and management. From structure perspective, we consider that the dependability of underlying data, applications and organizational policies are the basis of the trustworthiness of Web services based BPI. From service perspective, each involved actor in the business process model should be described by both functional and trustworthy capabilities so that business analysts could aggregate qualified Web services to fulfill the business goal. From management perspective, enterprises can perform the evaluation of quantifiable attributes of executed Web services to manage trust relationships among partners and customers. The proposed framework does not only assist enterprises perform Web services based BPI in a trustworthy way but also facilitate enterprises to develop trustworthy Web services.
Furosemide and sodium bicarbonate-induced alkalosis in the horse and response to oral KCl or NaCl therapy.

Metabolic alkalosis was induced in 10 clinically normal horses by administration of furosemide (1 mg/kg of body weight, IM) followed 4.5 hours later by sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3; 500 g in 8 L water) via nasogastric tube. Furosemide diuresis resulted in a mean weight loss of 21.1 kg, which was associated with small, but significant, increases in venous blood pH, bicarbonate, and plasma protein concentrations (P less than 0.001), while plasma potassium, chloride, and calcium concentrations declined significantly (P less than 0.001). Oral administration of the hypertonic NaHCO3 solution resulted in clinical evidence of hypovolemia, which was accompanied by a marked increase (P less than 0.001) in plasma protein concentration. Seven of the 10 horses developed signs of neuromuscular excitability, as evidenced by muscle fasciculations, and 5 of the horses developed diaphragmatic flutter. Hypernatremia was transiently induced, but it resolved as the horses were allowed access to water. The alkalosis induced by furosemide and NaHCO3 was profound and persisted for a 24-hour period and was associated with marked hypochloremia and hypokalemia. Partial replacement of the electrolyte deficits and correction of the metabolic alkalosis was attempted, using 1,000 mEq of NaCl or KCl given as an isotonic solution via nasogastric tube. In the KCl-treated group, there was a prompt and significant decline in venous blood pH and bicarbonate concentration (P less than 0.001) accompanied by a significant increase in plasma potassium concentration (P less than 0.001). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Intercondylar Notch Stenosis is not a Risk Factor for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in Professional Male Basketball Players

Background The value of femoral notch size and the notch width index in predicting anterior cruciate ligament injury has been debated. This study examined the relationship between the notch width index and anterior cruciate ligament injury in professional basketball players. Hypothesis No significant difference exists between the notch width index of anterior cruciate ligament–injured and noninjured professional basketball players. Study Design Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Using a notch view radiograph, the authors prospectively measured the femoral notch and the condylar widths and then calculated the notch width index of 615 male athletes who participated in the National Basketball Association's combine workouts between 1992 and 1999. Players who participated in at least 1 professional game were included. After an 11-year follow-up period, the National Basketball Association's leaguewide injury database was reviewed to identify injured players. The players were then categorized into anterior cruciate ligament–injured or noninjured groups. Notch width, condylar width, and notch width index were compared between the 2 groups. Results A total of 305 players were followed for a period of up to 11 years. Anterior cruciate ligament trauma was suffered by 14 (4.6%) of the subjects. The average notch width index was 0.235 ± 0.031 for anterior cruciate ligament–injured players and 0.242 ± 0.041 for noninjured players (t305 –0.623, P=. 534). This difference was not significantly different. Two (3.9%) of the subjects with critical notch stenosis (notch width index 0.20) had noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Conclusions The notch width index did not predict the rate of anterior cruciate ligament injury. A level of critical notch stenosis was not detected. Anterior cruciate ligament injury could not be predicted by the absolute measurement of the femoral intercondylar notch. Use of a preparticipation notch view radiograph in male professional basketball players as a predictor of anterior cruciate ligament injury is not recommended.
Generalización de los patrones de dieta y la valoración real de ingestas: paralelismos y divergencias en la nutrición de los adolescentes madrileños

espanolSe analiza el estado nutricional de jovenes mediante el Indice KidMed y valoracion semanal de ingestas. Muestra: 575 adolescentes (11-17 anos) del municipio madrileno de Tres Cantos. Resultados: 19% exceso de peso (sobrepeso+obesidad). Puntuacion KidMed 4,9±1,9 (calidad dieta media), valores superiores en mujeres. Detectados deficits energeticos y de micronutrientes, (vitaminas D, E, acido folico, calcio y hierro) con desequilibro en macronutrientes. EnglishAn analysis is made of the nutritional state of young people by means of the KidMed index and the weekly assessment of intakes. Sample: 575 teenagers (11-17 years old) from the Madrid municipality of Tres Cantos. Results: 19% excess weight (overweight + obesity). KidMed Score: 4.9±1.9 (average diet quality), Superior scorers in women. Energetic and micronutrient deficit detected, (vitamins D, E, folic acid, calcium and iron) with an imbalance in macronutrients.
Playability: A Game-Centric Definition

Playability is a vague and ambiguous term that is often used but seldom defined. Used by games researchers, industry practitioners, journalists, and players alike, the term has remained unclear due to different interpretations and definitions. We propose a game-centric definition of playability that is based on a game's functionality, usability, and gameplay. We argue that playability should not cover aspects such as controllers, social contexts, or player experiences, as these are external factors in the form of hardware, situation, and players. Our game-centric definition is based on components which are designed into the game. This approach is simple yet elegant, practical in its nature, and applicable to all kinds of games -- physical or digital. Good playability does not necessarily result in good player experience, while games with poor playability can be fun in the right circumstances.
Frequency tunable antenna design technique with MEMS switches for mobile phone

A novel tunable antenna design technique for mobile phone applications is proposed in this paper. The proposed tunable antenna design technique has three operational modes, i.e., monopole, loop-type, and planar antenna mode. The monopole antenna mode is λ/4 resonant at about 700 MHz. The loop-type antenna mode is resonant at about 1 GHz. The planar antenna mode has wide bandwidth of 1GHz to 6GHz. Each mode is activated by MEMS switches. The proposed tunable antenna with MEMS switches covers 660 MHz to 6 GHz and can be applied to the several services such as GSM, LTE, WiMAX, and WiFi. The size of this antenna is 50 × 11.5 × 10 mm3. Compact dimension of 11.5 mm from the PCB ground plane of the proposed antenna is realized. This compact dimension enables the internal antenna for mobile phone applications.
Performance enhancement of uniaxially-tensile strained Si NW-nFETs fabricated by lateral strain relaxation of SSOI

We present experimental results on mobility enhancement and on-current gain in Si NW-FETs fabricated on SOI and biaxially strained SOI. In SSOI long channel devices a 2.3 times larger mobility and similar on-current improvement compared to SOI are measured. Measurements on SSOI NW-FETs with different length to width ratio highlight that mobility enhancement due to lateral strain relaxation sensitively depends on the device geometry due to the size dependence of lateral strain relaxation. For maximum performance enhancement due to lateral strain relaxation SSOI devices must have a large length to width ratio. Furthermore, the geometry dependence of lateral strain relaxation to achieve uniaxial tensile strain is investigated with finite element simulations.
Innervation of the Cerebral Circulation a

During the last few years, the number of neurotransmitter candidates that have been suggested to be associated with the cerebral vasculature has increased considerably. Although many of these agents are vasoactive, their functional role has proven difficult to assess. There are, however, recent examples that indicate, for example, that sympathetic fibers may modulate the upper limit of the cerebral autoregulation curve and that the trigemino-cerebrovascular system may limit excessive vasoconstriction. In the present review the just-mentioned mechanisms will briefly be described together with the basic anatomic and physiological facts showing that brain vessels are innervated by a variety of aminergic and peptidergic nerve fibers. The perivascular nerve supply to the cerebral vasculature may be divided into sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory components, as based on recent immunocytochemical studies.
Plan de cuidados en paciente con úlcera en extremidad inferior de etiología venosa

Resumen: las ulceras de miembro inferior constituyen un proceso patologico cronico, q ue genera una importante demanda en los servicios de atencion primaria y hospitalaria, con dificultad en muchos casos de establecer un claro diagnostico diferencial y en la que se observa amplia variabilidad en el tratamiento. El diagnostico se basa en la historia clinica y en la exploracion fisica completa. Es importante valorar aquellos factores de riesgo relacionados con la patologia ulcerosa, como obesidad, sedentarismo, diabetes, dislipemias, hipertension y tabaco en la ulcera arterial. Actualmente, este tipo de pacientes es tratado mayoritariamente en las consultas de primaria por los profesionales de enfermeria. Se debe establecer un claro diagnostico diferencial entre los distintos tipos de ulcera. Una vez descartada la etiologia arterial y teniendo un diagnostico claro de etiologia venosa, hemos de estandarizar los cuidados propios del tratamiento de la ulcera de extremidad inferior. No solo se abordaran cuidados en relacion a esta patologia, sino a todas aquellas pluripatologias asociadas que pueden hacer que entorpezcan la evolucion de nuestra ulcera, como es en nuestro caso la obesidad, diabetes… La finalidad nuestra es concluir satisfactoriamente el proceso y mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, durante la curacion. Una vez finalizado el tratamiento, nuestra finalidad seran las medidas higienico-dieteticas preventivas, intentando que no haya de nuevo una recidiva. Palabras clave: Extremidades inferiores-Ulceras. Venas-Ulceras. Cicatrices-Cuidados. Vendajes.
The impact of gate length scaling on UTBOX FDSOI devices: The digital/analog performance of extension-less structures

In this paper we explore, from DC measurements, the impact of gate length scaling on the main digital/analog parameters of Ultra-Thin Buried Oxide (UTBOX) Fully Depleted Silicon-on-Insulator (FDSOI) devices at different temperatures. Standard junction reference devices are compared with the extension-less ones where the latter present superior characteristics for smaller device lengths such as improved DIBL, SS and IGIDL apart from the higher Ion/Ioff ratio, VEA and AV. The temperature tends to degrade all the device parameters although the extension-less structures show to be less susceptible to its influence.