Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consider the Consequences: the Effect of Consequence Information on Consumer Choice of Snack Foods

This paper examines how the inclusion of consequence information in nutrition labeling affects food choice. A sample of 98 undergraduates participated in an experiment designed to assess the value of consequence information. Consumption goals and presence of consequence information were manipulated experimentally. Overall health goals were measured as an additional predictor. Preliminary results indicate that consequence information is capable of spurring healthier food selections, but that this effect is contingent upon the level of health goal and the specifics of the snacking situation. Implications for academics, brand managers, and government policy makers are discussed. Advertising that appears in a media context can be affected by both consumers’ experience with the media context and their experience with the ad itself. To date, the two issues have been studied separately. One line of research focuses on the media context effects and demonstrates that consumers’ experience with the media context programs could affect ad effectiveness either positively or negatively. A second line of research studies consumers’ experience with the ad itself and how that affects ad effectiveness. We look at both issues in our study and seek to show how consumers’ experience with the media context interacts with their experience with the ad to affect an ads’ ultimate effectiveness. Many studies have looked at advertising context effects. Some of them show a positive effect (e.g., Anand and Sternthal 1992; Feltham and Arnold 1994) whereas others show a negative effect (e.g., Norris and Colman 1992; Soldow and Principe 1981). Rather than resolving the conflicting results, Wang and Calder (2006) propose a theory that predicts both a positive media context effect and a negative one. The authors argue that it is crucial to look at the relationship between the advertising and the media context that it’s imbedded in. People come to media for its content and enjoy being transported into the media content. If the advertising is inserted in such a way that it is intrusive to consumers’ media experience, a high level of media transportation leads to reduced ad effectiveness because of the ad intrusion. However, if
Validation of the Food Thought Suppression Inventory

The Food Thought Suppression Inventory (FTSI) was designed as a domain-specific measure of food-related thought suppression, and the FTSI has been found to be associated with eating pathology, including binge eating. Although initial research in this area is promising, as it may provide understanding of the cognitive processes related to the development of eating pathology and obesity, little is known about the psychometric properties of the FTSI. In the current study, the validity of the FTSI was examined, and the FTSI was found to be a valid, reliable, single factor measure of food thought suppression.
Electronic Word of Mouth Marketing: Relationship between Brand Loyalty and Electronic Word of Mouth in Social Marketing Networks

Social networks as new form of popular and widely used communities (especially among Iranians) are considered as places to talk about brands and sharing comments, experiences, interests and help users to play more prominent role in their own and others informed choices. Purpose of this chapter is to find a logical relationship between brand loyalty on one hand, and participating in eWOM and individuals’ identification through specific brands (Adidas in present chapter) on the other. Research results show a significant and positive correlation between brand loyalty, participating in eWOM and brand identification among consumers. Model presented in this chapter explains the same process. Regarding objective methodology and data collection method, this is an applied descriptive and surveying study. We used Regression approach and SPSS software to test hypotheses.
Energy Harvesting Methods for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) has becoming a central theme in current technology trend whereby objects, people or even animals and plants can exchange information over the Internet. IoT can be referred as a network of interconnected devices such as wearables, sensors and implantables, that has the ability to sense, interact and make collective decisions autonomously. In short, IoT enables a full spectrum of machine-to-machine communications equipped with distributed data collection capabilities and connected through the cloud to facilitate centralized data analysis. Despite its great potential, the reliability of IoT devices is impeded with limited energy supply if these devices were to deploy particularly in energy-scarced locations or where no human intervention is possible. The best possible deployment of IoT technology is directed to cater for unattended situations like structural or environmental health monitoring. This opens up a new research area in IoT energy efficiency domain. A possible alternative to address such energy constraint is to look into re-generating power of IoT devices or more precisely known as energy harvesting or energy scavenging. This chapter presents the review of various energy harvesting mechanisms, current application of energy harvesting in IoT domain and its future design challenges.
Microflora of Digestive Tract in Poultry

Bagirsak florasini olusturan mikroorganizmalar normalde sindirin sisteminde yasarlar ve konakcilarininsagligi ile buyumesi uzerinde yararli etkiler olustururlar. Burada bulunan tekhucreli mikroorganizmalardominant durumdaki bakteriler ile birlikte fungus ve protozoalardir. Uc ana kisimdan olusan bagirsakta;duedonum ve ince bagirsakta bakteri sayisi oldukca azdir <10g. Mikrobiyal fermantasyonun daha cokgerceklestigi sekumda 10g-1 (yas agirlik) kadar bakteri bulunurken, cogu kanatlida oldukca kisa olan kalinbagirsak ince bagirsagin posterior bir uzantisi olup, sekumla baslayip kloakla sona ermektedir. Kanatlilarin farklisindirim sisteminin farkli bolumlerindeki pH ve icerigin gecis zamani ozgun mikrobiyal populasyonunolusmasini saglamaktadir. Bagirsaktaki mikroorganizmalarin kompozisyonu her zaman stabil olmayip, bununlabirlikte farkli bagirsak kisimlarinda turler ve bireyler icinde homojen degildir. Bagirsak miroflorasinin olusumudinamik olup, cevre ve yas gibi faktorlerce etkilenmektedir. Kanatlilarda mikrobiyal kominite kompozisyonu ilk2-3 haftalik donemde fazla miktarda degismekte ve son degisikligin goruldugu 5-6 haftalik donemde stabil halegelmektedir. Bu derlemede, bagirsak florasini etkileyen bazi faktorler, kanatlilarda bagirsak bakterisi uyeleri veLactobasillerin bagirsak florasindaki rollerine deginilmistir.
Alcohol Drinking and Mortality among Men Enrolled in an American Cancer Society Prospective Study

We studied whether moderate alcohol drinkers have a lower total and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality than nondrinkers. Among 276,802 U.S. men aged 40–59 enrolled in 1959 in an American Cancer Society prospective study, 42,756 deaths, 18,771 from CHD, occurred during the following 12 years (3% of the cohort was lost to follow-up). Using nondrinkers (55.3% of the cohort) as a reference category, age- and smoking-stratified relative risks (RR) of total mortality were 0.88 for occasional drinkers, 0.84 for those drinking_1_drink per day, 0.93, 1.02, 1.08, 1.22, and 1.38 for those drinking 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 or more drinks per day, respectively. RRs of CHD mortality were 0.86, 0.79, 0.80, 0.83, 0.74 0.85, and 0.92, respectively. Multivariate analysis failed to identify other confounders. No changes in RRs were introduced by excluding subjects with poor health or history of chronic disease at enrollment (32.8% of the cohort) or excluding subjects who died during the first 6 years of follow-up. These data indicate an apparent protective effect of moderate alcohol intake on CHD mortality that cannot be attributed to the inclusion of subjects with CHD or related diseases into the nondrinker category
Direct measurement of hydroxyl radicals, lipid peroxidation, and blood-brain barrier disruption following unilateral cortical impact head injury in the rat.

We present data correlating the time courses of hydroxyl radical (.OH) production, lipid peroxidation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following unilateral head injury in the rat. Using a controlled cortical impact device to inflict head injury, we have directly measured brain . OH levels via the salicylate trapping method, and phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) levels via the HPLC-chemiluminescence technique, at 5, 30, and 60 min postinjury. These results were then correlated with the time course of BBB disruption, as measured by the extravasation of Evans blue dye (EB) into the injured cortex, over the same time period. In the present study, . OH levels were 62% higher than sham at 5 min postinjury, 25% higher at 15 min (both p < or = 0.05), and no different from sham at 60 min. PCOOH, on the other hand, increased linearly between 5 and 60 min postinjury. Whereas PCOOH levels were 25% greater than sham at 5 min, they were 35% and 52% higher than sham at 30 and 60 min, respectively (both p < or = 0.05 vs sham). Blood-brain barrier disruption followed a similar time course to PCOOH generation, except that the magnitude of the effect was much greater. Whereas EB extravasation was only slightly elevated in the injured cortex at 5 min postinjury, there was nearly an 8-fold increase at 30 min and an 11-fold increase at 60 min (all p < or = 0.05 vs sham). An additional experiment demonstrated that BBB damage can be attenuated by treatment with the 21-aminosteroid lipid peroxidation inhibitor, tirilazad mesylate (U-74006F). Rats were given a single i.v. injection of 3 or 10 mg/kg of U-74006F 5 min postinjury and killed 30 min postinjury. The 10 mg/kg dose of U-74006F reduced EB extravasation 52% (p < 0.025) in comparison to vehicle-treated controls. This is the first study to correlate the time courses of . OH formation, lipid peroxidation, and BBB disruption in injured brain. The results suggest that there is an immediate, posttraumatic burst in . OH formation, followed by a progressive increase in lipid peroxidation and a similar, although slightly delayed, time-related opening of the BBB. The attenuation of BBB damage by U-74006F suggests that this chain of events can be interrupted by administration of an antioxidant/lipid peroxidation inhibitor.
Liposomal daunorubicin versus standard daunorubicin: long term follow‐up of the GIMEMA GSI 103 AMLE randomized trial in patients older than 60 years with acute myelogenous leukaemia

This randomized phase III clinical trial explored the efficacy of DaunoXome (DNX) versus Daunorubicin (DNR) in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients aged >60 years. Three hundred and one AML patients were randomized to receive DNR (45 mg/m2 days 1–3) or DNX (80 mg/m2 days 1–3) plus cytarabine (AraC; 100 mg/m2 days 1–7). Patients in complete remission (CR) received a course of the same drugs as consolidation and then were randomized for maintenance with AraC+ all trans retinoic acid or no further treatment. Among 153 patients in the DNR arm, 78 (51·0%) achieved CR, 55 (35·9%) were resistant and 20 (13·1%) died during induction. Among 148 patients in the DNX arm, 73 (49·3%) achieved CR, 47 (31·8%) were resistant and 28 (18·9%) died during induction. Univariate analysis showed no difference as to induction results. After CR, DNX showed a higher incidence of early deaths (12·5% vs. 2·6% at 6 months, P = 0·053) but a lower incidence of relapse beyond 6 months (59% vs. 78% at 24 months, P = 0·064), with a cross in overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) curves and a later advantage for DNX arm after 12 months from diagnosis. DNX seems to improve OS and DFS in the long‐term follow‐up, because of a reduction in late relapses.
Rapid Clonal Expansion and Prolonged Maintenance of Memory CD8+ T Cells of the Effector (CD44highCD62Llow) and Central (CD44highCD62Lhigh) Phenotype by an Archaeosome Adjuvant Independent of TLR21

Vaccines capable of eliciting long-term T cell immunity are required for combating many diseases. Live vectors can be unsafe whereas subunit vaccines often lack potency. We previously reported induction of CD8+ T cells to Ag entrapped in archaeal glycerolipid vesicles (archaeosomes). In this study, we evaluated the priming, phenotype, and functionality of the CD8+ T cells induced after immunization of mice with OVA-Methanobrevibacter smithii archaeosomes (MS-OVA). A single injection of MS-OVA evoked a profound primary response but the numbers of H-2KbOVA257–264-specific CD8+ T cells declined by 14–21 days, and <1% of primarily central phenotype (CD44highCD62Lhigh) cells persisted. A booster injection of MS-OVA at 3–11 wk promoted massive clonal expansion and a peak effector response of ∼20% splenic/blood OVA257–264-specific CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, contraction was protracted and the memory pool (IL-7Rαhigh) of ∼5% included effector (CD44highCD62Llow) and central (CD44highCD62Lhigh) phenotype cells. Recall response was observed even at >300 days. CFSE-labeled naive OT-1 (OVA257–264 TCR transgenic) cells transferred into MS-OVA-immunized recipients cycled profoundly (>90%) within the first week of immunization indicating potent Ag presentation. Moreover, ∼25% cycling of Ag-specific cells was seen for >50 days, suggesting an Ag depot. In vivo, CD8+ T cells evoked by MS-OVA killed >80% of specific targets, even at day 180. MS-OVA induced responses similar in magnitude to Listeria monocytogenes-OVA, a potent live vector. Furthermore, protective CD8+ T cells were induced in TLR2-deficient mice, suggesting nonengagement of TLR2 by archaeal lipids. Thus, an archaeosome adjuvant vaccine represents an alternative to live vectors for inducing CD8+ T cell memory.
Adaptive inverse control using support vector regression

This paper explores application of support vector regression to adaptive inverse control problems. Support vector regression (SVR) has been proven to generate global solutions contrary to neural networks, because SVR basically solves quadratic programming (QP) problems. With this advantage, a plant model is identified and its inverse model is learned. In addition, adaptive algorithms for compensating the errors between the actual model and identified model are proposed and their convergence property is discussed. Finally, numerical simulation is performed for the validation of the proposed approach using the longitudinal dynamics of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV).
Theoretical study of the application of positron-induced Auger-electron spectroscopy.

The interpretation and prospective applications of the novel surface-science technique positron-induced Auger-electron spectroscopy (PAES) have been investigated theoretically by calculations of annihilation rates of surface-trapped positrons with core electrons. The positron surface state is described by the corrugated-mirror model and core-annihilation rates are calculated with use of the independent-particle model. At clean surfaces of Al, Ni, Cu, and Au, 1\char21{}5 % of surface-trapped positrons are found to annihilate with core electrons and thus give rise to Auger-electron emission. On low-Miller-index surfaces more than 80% of the core annihilations take place with electrons from the topmost layer of atoms, which demonstrates the extreme surface sensitivity of PAES. Adsorption of impurities is found to reduce the substrate Auger signals, and the intensity of Auger lines due to the adsorbate increases with increasing coverage in agreement with recent experiments by Mehl et al. The results are found to depend markedly on whether the adsorbate atoms occupy subsurface sites or chemisorption sites above the surface, demonstrating that PAES can be useful in studies of adsorbate location. The applicability of PAES to studies of alloy surfaces and surface segregation is illustrated by calculations for Cu-Au surfaces. A set of bulk positron calculations shows that most elements are expected to have strong PAES signals.
Mapping requirements for the wearable smart glasses augmented reality museum application

Purpose Recent advancements in wearable computing offer opportunities for art galleries to provide a unique experience. However, to ensure successful implementation of this new technology in the visitor industry, it is essential to understand user requirements from a visitor’s point of view. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate visitors’ requirements for the development of a wearable smart glasses augmented reality (AR) application in the museum and art gallery context. Design/methodology/approach Interviews with 28 art gallery visitors were conducted and an affinity diagram technique was used to analyze the interviews. Findings The findings reveal that wearable AR is in its infancy and that technical and design issues have to be overcome for a full adoption. It reveals that content requirement, functional requirement, comfort, experience and resistance are important when developing and implementing the wearable AR application in the museum and art gallery contexts. Originality/value Mapping user requirements in the wearable smart glasses AR context using an affinity diagram is a new approach and therefore contributes to the creation of knowledge in the tourism domain. Practically, the area of wearable technologies and AR within the tourism and visitor industry context is still relatively unexplored, and the present paper provides a first foundation for the implementation of wearable smart glasses AR applications in the museum and art gallery context.
Needs and costs of sleep monitoring.

Sleep disorders have a high prevalence in the general population: insomnia (10-20% of adults), sleep apnoea syndromes (4-6%). They are responsible for high costs of investigations and treatment modalities. The investigations are usually done in sleep laboratories at the expense of cost in personnel and long waiting lists. Remote monitoring could be an alternative to sleep laboratory studies. The first aim was to determine the need for sleep remote recording in sleep medicine in Europe, to improve health delivery and to reduce investigation costs. An enquiry was sent to 500 sleep medicine providers in Europe. Response rate was 11%. Analysis showed that the main diagnosis is obstructive sleep apnoea in adults. Currently 2/3 of sleep studies are performed in laboratory: In-lab studies: Average cost for the health care is 390 EURO/study. The range is from 700 in Finland and Germany and 180 in Greece, Belgium and Sweden are around the mean. Ambulatory studies with EEG: Average cost is around 120 EURO/study i.e. 30% of in-lab cost. The range is from 180 EURO in Portugal to 70 EURO in Germany. 50% of users are not satisfied with their current practice of ambulatory monitoring although they have a clear need for this technique to increase monitoring capacity (88%), reduce cost of investigation (85%), improve sleep quality (60%), and obtain better acceptance from the patient (76%). The expectations from ambulatory monitoring are: high diagnostic sensitivity (86%) high reliability of equipment (92%) low interference with patient's habits (94%) It is worth noting that 74% of users do not expect a fully automated interpretation of data. The indications cited are screening and follow-up of SAS, epilepsy, Periodic Leg Movements and also insomnia and narcolepsy. As a second aim, a validation study has been set-up for an ambulatory recorder. The reproducibility of the system has been evaluated in 14 patients by 2 consecutive home recordings and was satisfactory in terms of total sleep time and apnoea-hypopnea index. Nevertheless a failure rate of 7% was observed which should be improved by a better ergonomy of the system. The third aim was a socio-economical analysis in Paris, in order to define the actual standard mean cost of a polysomnography in the lab (500 EURO) and in ambulatory (238 EURO) i.e. less than one half of the laboratory cost. The monography of the health care process for sleep medicine in Paris showed a delay of more than 10 years for diagnosis of SAS in 25% of the patients and up to 5 physicians visited before referral to the sleep lab. In 48% of the cases the primary physician visited is a GP. In conclusion, there is a clear need for ambulatory monitoring of sleep disorders to decrease the burden of cost and long waiting lists which is not well satisfied with the current health care system and commercially available equipment.
P2P video streaming with ALTO protocol: A simulation study

With an increasing usage of P2P applications, an increase in Internet traffic is observed. One of the most important reason of this traffic is that P2P applications causes an extra load in backbones since network-awareness level of these applications are not at necessary level. In order to optimize network traffic, IETF ALTO WG has recently proposed a traffic localization protocol. This protocol provides to its users a ranking list considering network related parameters such as location, upload capacity, hop count and much more in order to provide reduction in backbone traffic. On the other hand, P2P video streaming applications require to assure an acceptable level of QoE, thus alto protocol usage in such systems need also consider QoE parameters besides traffic optimization. In this study, we present the effects of ALTO protocol implementation in P2P video streaming applications. We measured the performance in terms of QoE parameters in the ns-3 experiments of ALTO implementation in hybrid push-pull based systems. In the simulations, while a negligable decrease in continuity index is observed, a remarkable amount of decrease in ISP traffic and decrease in initial startup delay is observed.
Towards automatic generation of object recognition programs

This paper discusses issues and techniques to automatically compile object and sensor models into a visual recognition strategy for recognizing and locating an object in three-dimensional space from visual data. Historically, and even today, most successful model-based vision programs are handwritten; relevant knowledge of objects for recognition is extracted from examples of the object, tailored for the particular environment, and coded into the program by the implementors. If this is done properly, the resulting program is effective and efficient, but it requires long development time and many vision experts. Automatic generation of recognition programs by compilation attempts to automate this process. In particular, it extracts from the object and sensor models those features that are useful for recognition, and the control sequence which must be applied to deal with possible variations of the object appearances. The key components in automatic generation are: object modeling, sensor modeling, prediction of appearances, strategy generation, and program generation. An object model describes geometric and photometric properties of an object to be recognized. A sensor model specifies the sensor characteristics in predicting object appearances and variations of feature values. The appearances can be systematically grouped into aspects, where aspects are topologically equivalent classes with respect to the object features "visible" to the sensor. Once aspects are obtained, a recognition strategy is generated in the form of an interpretation tree from the aspects and their predicted feature values. An interpretation tree consists of two parts: a part which classifies an unknown region into one of the aspects, and a part which determines its precise attitude (position and orientation) within the classified aspect. Finally, the strategy is converted into a executable program by using object-oriented programming. One major emphasis of this paper is that sensors, as well as objects, must be explicitly modeled in order to achieve the goal of automatic generation of reliable and efficient recognition programs. Actual creation of interpretation trees for two toy objects and their execution for recognition from a bin of parts are demonstrated. University Libraries Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1521