Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demographic and pathological characteristics of the medieval Japanese: new evidence from human skeletons from Kamakura, Japan

The purposes of this study are to conduct paleodemographic and paleopathological analyses of medieval human skeletons from Japan and to clarify their life and death situations. The materials used here were individuals from the Yuigahama-chusei-shudan-bochi site (Seika-ichiba location) (i.e. YCSB-SI), located along the Yuigahama seashore of the southern end of Kamakura City. Several new findings regarding the life and death situations of YCSB-SI were obtained: (1) YCSB-SI exhibited a younger age-at-death distribution than other skeletal series; (2) the frequency of caries lesions in YCSB-SI was 5%, females exhibited more caries lesions than males and this group exhibited the lowest caries prevalence rate among Japanese populations; (3) the frequencies of enamel hypoplasia were 67% in the upper central incisors and 73% in the lower canines, which were almost equal to those of non-medieval series; and (4) the presence of weapon-related traumas on the cranium and limb bones from YCSB-SI was demonstrated. It is inferred from the present and previously reported data that population concentration in Kamakura impacted negatively on the lives of the inhabitants, possibly by malnutrition, increase of infectious diseases, and occasionally death by violence, and that all the results can be consistently explained by assuming urbanization and severe living conditions in medieval Kamakura.
Geometrical analysis of puppet-theater and cardboard effects in stereoscopic HDTV images

A fundamental element of stereoscopic image production is to geometrically analyze the conversion from real space to stereoscopic images by binocular parallax under various shooting and viewing conditions. This paper reports on this analysis, particularly on the setting of the optical axes of three-dimensional (3-D) cameras, which has received little attention in the past. First, we identified the conditions for setting the optical axes that maintain linearity during the conversion from real space to stereoscopic images. We then clarified, in geometrical terms, the shooting and viewing conditions and also conditions under which the puppet-theater effect and cardboard effect occur. The results showed that the parallel camera configuration, by which optical axes are kept parallel to each other, does not produce the puppet-theater effect as the apparent magnification (lateral magnification) of a shooting target is not dependent on the shooting distance. However, the toed-in camera configuration, where the apparent magnification of a shooting target is dependent on the shooting distance, may produce this effect. The cardboard effect is shown to be likely to occur for both camera configurations by defining this phenomenon by the ratio of depthwise reproduction magnification (depth magnification) and apparent reproduction magnification (lateral magnification). Lastly, the paper reports on the relationship between the results of this analysis and those of subjective evaluation experiments. The results need a closer examination by using many more images.
Bereaved Parents’ Perception of the Grandparents’ Reactions to Perinatal Loss and the Pregnancy That Follows

This article presents bereaved parents’ perceptions of their parents’ (the grandparents) reactions at the time of loss and in the pregnancy that follows. Data originated from two phenomenological studies conducted to understand bereaved parents’ experiences during their loss and subsequent pregnancy. However, this article reports a secondary thematic analysis focused on bereaved parents perceptions of the grandparents’ support (or lack of) at the time of loss and during the pregnancy following loss. Our findings illustrate some families found the means to share their grief at the time of loss in a constructive manner, while in others the intergenerational relationship was strained. Most important to parents was intergenerational acknowledgment of the ongoing relationship to the deceased child as an important, though absent family member, especially during the pregnancy that followed. Those supporting bereaved families can play an important role in helping intergenerational communication around perinatal loss and the subsequent pregnancy.
Family Management of a Chronic Health Condition

A growing number of adolescents and their families are dealing with a chronic health condition that impacts their daily life. Research using the Family Management Style Framework (FMSF) has added much to our understanding of how the family integrates chronic condition management into family life. Less clear, however, is the adolescent perspective of the FMSF components. The purpose of this secondary qualitative analysis was to explore 25 interviews of adolescents with spina bifida to uncover the adolescent’s perspective of the three major FMSF components: Definition of the Situation, Management Behaviors, and Perceived Consequences. Adolescents were able to articulate their perspectives and their observations of their parents’ behaviors that related to the three components and related dimensions of the framework. Data from this analysis led to proposed expansion of the FMSF definitions from an adolescent perspective. Implications for integrating the adolescent perspective into future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Wheezing and Bronchial Hyper-responsiveness in Early Childhood as Predictors of Newly Diagnosed Asthma in Early Adulthood: A Longitudinal Birth-Cohort Study

Stern DA, Morgan WJ, Halonen M, Wright AL, Martinez FD. Lancet. 2008;372(9643):1058–1064 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY. To estimate the contributions of gender and early life factors to newly diagnosed and persistent asthma in young adults. STUDY POPULATION. The study evaluated 849 enrollees of the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study who had adult data at 22 years of age. METHODS. The cohort was derived from all healthy infants born in Tucson, Arizona, between 1980 and 1984. Shortly after birth, the parents completed a questionnaire on demographic data and were instructed to see a collaborating pediatrician at the first sign of lower respiratory illness. Physician-diagnosed asthma or wheezing was assessed at 2, 3, 6, 8, …
The Parents’, Hospitalized Child’s, and Health Care Providers’ Perceptions and Experiences of Family Centered Care Within a Pediatric Critical Care Setting

The delivery of family centered care (FCC) occurs within varied pediatric care settings with a belief that this model of care meets the psychosocial, emotional, and physical needs of the hospitalized child and family. The aim of this review was to explore the attitudes, experiences, and implementation of FCC from many studies and to facilitate a wider and more thorough understanding of this practice from a diverse sample of parents, hospitalized children, and their health care providers within a pediatric critical care setting. A metasynthesis is an integration of qualitative research findings based on a systematic review of the literature. Thirty original research articles focusing on family-centered care experiences from the hospitalized child’s, parents’, and health care providers’ perception published between 1998 and 2011 met the criteria for the review. Nine syntheses from 17 themes emerged from the synthesis of the literature: Prehospital, Entry into the Hospital, Journeying Through Unknown Waters, Information, Relationships, The hospital Environment, The Possibility of Death, Religion and Spirituality, and The Journey Home. The individual cultures of the critical care units helped create and reinforce the context of parental needs where satisfaction with communication, information, and relationships were interconnecting factors that helped maintain the positive or negative experiences for the parent, hospitalized child, and/or health care providers.
Innovative scattering analysis shows that hydrophobic disordered proteins are expanded in water

An expanded view of disordered proteins Disordered proteins sample an ensemble of conformations, but it has remained unclear how compact these conformations are in water. Polymer physics relates the radius of gyration (Rg) to solvent quality, with more chain collapse occurring in poorer solvents. Riback et al. developed an analysis scheme that allows them to extract solvent quality and Rg from a single small-angle x-ray scattering measurement. Applying this method, they found that even disordered proteins with low net charge and high hydrophobicity remain expanded in water. Science, this issue p. 238 Intrinsically disordered proteins are often expanded in water, which affects their function, and dynamics and may protect them from aggregation. A substantial fraction of the proteome is intrinsically disordered, and even well-folded proteins adopt non-native geometries during synthesis, folding, transport, and turnover. Characterization of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is challenging, in part because of a lack of accurate physical models and the difficulty of interpreting experimental results. We have developed a general method to extract the dimensions and solvent quality (self-interactions) of IDPs from a single small-angle x-ray scattering measurement. We applied this procedure to a variety of IDPs and found that even IDPs with low net charge and high hydrophobicity remain highly expanded in water, contrary to the general expectation that protein-like sequences collapse in water. Our results suggest that the unfolded state of most foldable sequences is expanded; we conjecture that this property was selected by evolution to minimize misfolding and aggregation.
Respiratory Protection Competencies for the Occupational Health Nurse

Approximately 5 million workers employed at 1.3 million work settings are required to wear some form of respiratory protection as part of their jobs. Occupational health nurses can protect the respiratory health of America's workforce. In 2012, the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Grants Committee Working Group conducted a nationwide survey of occupational health nurses to assess their knowledge, comfort, skills, and abilities relative to respiratory protection. The Working Group used the survey findings as a foundation for the development of respiratory protection competencies for occupational health nurses and a guide for the development of educational modules.
Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry of single phonons from an optomechanical resonator

Mechanical systems at the quantum level A number of platforms are being pursued for developing technologies that exploit the enhanced sensing and measurement capabilities of quantum mechanics. Hybrid systems offer the flexibility of combining and optimizing different platforms. Hong et al. combined optomechanical control of motion and single-phonon counting techniques to probabilistically generate a single-phonon Fock state within a nanomechanical resonator. Chu et al. used electromechanical coupling to address a bulk piezoelectric resonator with a superconducting quantum circuit. Both approaches hold promise for developing hybrid quantum technologies. Science, this issue p. 203, p. 199 Single-phonon states can be optically stored and retrieved in a mechanical resonator. Nano- and micromechanical solid-state quantum devices have become a focus of attention. Reliably generating nonclassical states of their motion is of interest both for addressing fundamental questions about macroscopic quantum phenomena and for developing quantum technologies in the domains of sensing and transduction. We used quantum optical control techniques to conditionally generate single-phonon Fock states of a nanomechanical resonator. We performed a Hanbury Brown and Twiss–type experiment that verified the nonclassical nature of the phonon state without requiring full state reconstruction. Our result establishes purely optical quantum control of a mechanical oscillator at the single-phonon level.
JAK2V617F and Prothrombin G20210A Gene Mutations in a Patient With Budd-Chiari Syndrome and Essential Thrombocythemia

Myeloproliferative disorders and the inherited thrombophilias have been described as the main causes underlying the Budd-Chiari syndrome. Moreover, the presence of the JAK2V617F was associated with a higher frequency of Budd-Chiari syndrome in patients who have overt or even latent myeloproliferative disorder. We herein describe a 28-year-old woman who was diagnosed with Budd-Chiari syndrome and later developed an overt myeloproliferative disorder. The patient was found to carry both the JAK2V617F and the prothrombin G20210A mutation in the heterozygous form. The significance of the chronology of diagnosis is highlighted.
Spatial and temporal patterns of mass bleaching of corals in the Anthropocene

Not enough time for recovery Coral bleaching occurs when stressful conditions result in the expulsion of the algal partner from the coral. Before anthropogenic climate warming, such events were relatively rare, allowing for recovery of the reef between events. Hughes et al. looked at 100 reefs globally and found that the average interval between bleaching events is now less than half what it was before. Such narrow recovery windows do not allow for full recovery. Furthermore, warming events such as El Niño are warmer than previously, as are general ocean conditions. Such changes are likely to make it more and more difficult for reefs to recover between stressful events. Science, this issue p. 80 Coral reefs in the present day have less time than in earlier periods to recover from bleaching events. Tropical reef systems are transitioning to a new era in which the interval between recurrent bouts of coral bleaching is too short for a full recovery of mature assemblages. We analyzed bleaching records at 100 globally distributed reef locations from 1980 to 2016. The median return time between pairs of severe bleaching events has diminished steadily since 1980 and is now only 6 years. As global warming has progressed, tropical sea surface temperatures are warmer now during current La Niña conditions than they were during El Niño events three decades ago. Consequently, as we transition to the Anthropocene, coral bleaching is occurring more frequently in all El Niño–Southern Oscillation phases, increasing the likelihood of annual bleaching in the coming decades.
A Study on Prediction of Customer Churn in Fixed Communication Network Based on Data Mining

In order to solve the problem of big customer churn for fixed communication network operators, a prediction model of customer churn in fixed communication network is first established based on RBF neural network, and it can make prediction on customer churn. Then subdivides customers by Analog Complexion Cluster to guide and help manage marketing and related work.
Effect of Blood Soluble Clotting Factors on Coagulation Profile

Objective: Recently, mechanical thrombolytic therapy has been introduced as an alternative or adjunct to pharmaceutical thrombolytic therapy in removing thrombus from vascular system. Recurrent thrombosis has been a challenge for thrombolytic therapies. We hypothesize that soluble clotting factors released during a mechanical thrombectomy procedure may be responsible for creating a localized hypercoagulable state and could be one of the underlying causes of recurrent thrombosis. Method: Blood samples were obtained from 20 participants with no history of hypertension, vascular disease, and antiplatelet/anticoagulation therapy. For each whole blood (WB) sample, we measured activated clotting time (ACT) and clotting rate (CR) at the baseline and then with added agitated and nonagitated clot serums. The same set of measurements was performed on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples of each participant. We tested for changes in coagulation profile between baseline samples and those with added supernatant serums obtained from autologous blood clot. Result: We observed a significant decrease in ACT for WB with agitated and nonagitated clot serums (49%, P < .0001 and 25%, P = .01, respectively) compared to the baseline WB. The same trend was observed for PRP samples with agitated and nonagitated clot serums (28%, P = .002 and 18%, P = .05, respectively). The CR was increased (a steeper slope) by 83% for samples with added agitated clot serum only (P = .007). Conclusion: We observed a significant change for ACT in WB samples with added clot serums as compared to the baseline WB samples. The results of this study suggest that the soluble substances released from clotting blood have profound procoagulant effects.
Research on Transaction-Item Association Matrix Mining Algorithm in Large-scale Transaction Database

To increase the efficiency of data mining is the research emphasis in this field at present. Through the establishment of transaction-item association matrix, this paper changes the process of association rule mining to elementary matrix operation, which makes the process of data mining clear and simple. Compared with algorithms like Apriori, this method avoids the demerit of traversing the database repetitiously, and increases the efficiency of association rule mining obviously in the use of sparse storage technique for large-scale matrix. To incremental type of transaction matrix, it can also make the maintainment of association rule more convenient in the use of partitioning calculation technique of matrix. The transaction-item association matrix proposed in this paper can be seemed as the mathematical foundation of association rule mining algorithm.
Natural noncanonical protein splicing yields products with diverse β-amino acid residues

Protein backbone, broken and mended Small, posttranslationally modified peptides are produced by microorganisms as antimicrobial agents or to communicate with neighboring cells. Alterations to the peptide backbone can change the structure of peptides or introduce reactive chemical moieties. Morinaka et al. characterized a bacterial enzyme that excises the side chain and α-carbon of a tyrosine residue from a short peptide, leaving behind an α-ketoamide. This backbone functional group is found in some protease inhibitors and is a valuable handle for bio-orthogonal chemistry. The enzyme accepts peptide substrates with a short recognition motif, suggesting that it could be used to generate libraries of modified peptides. Science, this issue p. 779 A bacterial enzyme catalyzes rearrangement and removal of part of a tyrosine residue within short peptides. Current textbook knowledge holds that the structural scope of ribosomal biosynthesis is based exclusively on α-amino acid backbone topology. Here we report the genome-guided discovery of bacterial pathways that posttranslationally create β-amino acid–containing products. The transformation is widespread in bacteria and is catalyzed by an enzyme belonging to a previously uncharacterized radical S-adenosylmethionine family. We show that the β-amino acids result from an unusual protein splicing process involving backbone carbon-carbon bond cleavage and net excision of tyramine. The reaction can be used to incorporate diverse and multiple β-amino acids into genetically encoded precursors in Escherichia coli. In addition to enlarging the set of basic amino acid components, the excision generates keto functions that are useful as orthogonal reaction sites for chemical diversification.
Rede de suporte social do idoso atendido por equipes de Saúde da Família

The aging process has specific aspects marked by the class of individuals and social groups as well as cultural, political, socio-economic and sanitary conditions of the collective groups. Social support systems are essential for meeting the specific needs of the elderly. The aim of this paper is to describe the socio-demographic profile and the social support networks of elderly patients served by the Family Health Strategy. It's a cross-sectional study with elderly patients living in Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and a Minimum Relationships Map for the Elderly (MMRI). Of the 503 elderly patients interviewed, 69% were female, 53.1% were illiterate, 58.3% earned less than one minimum salary and 82.9% lived with others. The MMRI showed that the family was the most important provider of care in all the dimensions assessed, but the elderly have their own small social networks. Elderly patients attended by the Family Health teams have low incomes and little formal education, and social support networks that are too small to meet their needs.
Effective Multimodality Fusion Framework for Cross-Media Topic Detection

Due to the prevalence of We-Media, information is quickly published and received in various forms anywhere and anytime through the Internet. The rich cross-media information carried by the multimodal data in multiple media has a wide audience, deeply reflects the social realities, and brings about much greater social impact than any single media information. Therefore, automatically detecting topics from cross media is of great benefit for the organizations (i.e., advertising agencies and governments) that care about the social opinions. However, cross-media topic detection is challenging from the following aspects: 1) the multimodal data from different media often involve distinct characteristics and 2) topics are presented in an arbitrary manner among the noisy web data. In this paper, we propose a multimodality fusion framework and a topic recovery (TR) approach to effectively detect topics from cross-media data. The multimodality fusion framework flexibly incorporates the heterogeneous multimodal data into a multimodality graph, which takes full advantage from the rich cross-media information to effectively detect topic candidates (T.C.). The TR approach solidly improves the entirety and purity of detected topics by: 1) merging the T.C. that are highly relevant themes of the same real topic and 2) filtering out the less-relevant noise data in the merged T.C. Extensive experiments on both single-media and cross-media data sets demonstrate the promising flexibility and effectiveness of our method in detecting topics from cross media.
Clothing Attributes Assisted Person Reidentification

Person reidentification across nonoverlapping camera views is a rather challenging task. Due to the difficulties in obtaining identifiable faces, clothing appearance becomes the main cue for identification purposes. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on clothing attributes assisted person reidentification. First, the body parts and their local features are extracted for alleviating the pose-misalignment issue. A latent support vector machine (LSVM)-based person reidentification approach is proposed to describe the relations among the low-level part features, middle-level clothing attributes, and high-level reidentification labels of person pairs. Motivated by the uncertainties of clothing attributes, we treat them as real-value variables instead of using them as discrete variables. Moreover, a large-scale real-world dataset with 10 camera views and about 200 subjects is collected and thoroughly annotated for this paper. The extensive experiments on this dataset show: 1) part features are more effective than features extracted from the holistic human bounding boxes; 2) the clothing attributes embedded in the LSVM model may further boost reidentification performance compared with support vector machine without clothing attributes; and 3) treating clothing attributes as real-value variables is more effective than using them as discrete variables in person reidentification.
Amplification of nocturnal melatonin secretion in women with functional secondary amenorrhoea: relation to endogenous oestrogen concentration

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although there is extensive evidence that melatonin inhibits gonadotrophin secretion in animals, there is a parity of data on the relation between melatonin and ovarian function in humans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between endogenous oestrogen concentrations and nocturnal melatonin secretion occurring in patients with secondary amenorrhoea (SA).