Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Educational needs in gastrointestinal cancer: a consensus position paper from the ESMO Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common in all parts of the world. Effective prevention and early detection of GI cancers are not universally implemented. Therefore, it must be anticipated that the incidence and the mortality of GI cancers will remain high within the next decades. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty aims to increase the skills of medical oncologists and other disciplines involved in treating GI malignancies. We aimed to increase the survival chances for patients with GI cancers, augment their quality of life and enable successful return to normal social and professional life during the period of survivorship. ESMO also aims to decrease the economic burden of GI cancer in our societies and national healthcare systems. Therefore, the ESMO Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty initiated a consensus process based on the Delphi method to identify the most important educational needs of physicians who are concerned with GI malignancies. This paper summarises the process and its results and outlines the mission of ESMO in education.
Statistical inference of the multiple regression analysis of complex survey data

The quality of the inferences and results put forward from any statistical analysis is directly dependent on the correct method used at the analysis stage. Most survey data analyzed in practice originate from strati ed multistage cluster samples or complex samples. In developed countries the statistical analysis, for example linear modeling, of complex sampling (CS) data, otherwise known as survey-weighted least squares (SWLS) regression, has received some attention over time. In developing countries such as South Africa and the rest of Africa, SWLS regression is often confused with weighted least squares (WLS) regression or, in some extreme cases, the CS design is ignored and an ordinary least squares (OLS) model is tted to the data. This is in contrast to what is found in the developed countries. Furthermore, especially in the developing countries, inference concerning the linear modeling of a continuous response is not as well documented as is the case for the inference of a categorical response, speci cally in terms of a dichotomous response. Hence, the decision was made to research the linear modeling of a continuous response under CS with the objective of illustrating how the results could di er if the statistician ignores the complex design of the data or naïvely applies WLS in comparison to the correct SWLS regression. The complex sampling design leads to observations having unequal inclusion probabilities, the inverse of which is known as the design weight of an observation. Once adjusted for unit nonresponse and di erential non-response, the sampling weights can have large variability that could have an adverse e ect on the estimation precision. Weight trimming is cautiously recommended as a remedy for this, but could also increase the bias of an estimator which then a ects the estimation precision once more. The e ect of weight trimming on estimation precision is also investigated in this research. Two important parts of regression analysis are researched here, namely the evaluation of the tted model and the inference concerning the model parameters. The model evaluation part includes the adjustment of well-known prediction error estimation methods, viz. leave-one-out cross-validation, bootstrap estimation and . 632 bootstrap estimation, for application to CS data. It also considers a number of outlier detection diagnostics such as the leverages and Cook's distance. The model parameter inference includes bootstrap variance estimation as well as the construction of bootstrap con dence intervals, viz. the percentile, bootstrap-t, and BCa con dence intervals. Two simulation studies are conducted in this thesis. For the rst simulation study a model was developed and then used to simulate a hierarchical population such that strati ed two-stage cluster
TAILoR (TelmisArtan and InsuLin Resistance in Human Immunodeficiency Virus [HIV]): An Adaptive-design, Dose-ranging Phase IIb Randomized Trial of Telmisartan for the Reduction of Insulin Resistance in HIV-positive Individuals on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract Background Combination antiretroviral therapy results in metabolic abnormalities which increase cardiovascular disease risk. We evaluated whether telmisartan reduces insulin resistance in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive individuals on antiretrovirals. Methods We conducted a multicenter, randomized, open-label, dose-ranging controlled trial of telmisartan. Participants with HIV infection receiving combination antiretroviral therapy were randomized equally to either no intervention (control) or 20, 40, or 80 mg telmisartan once daily. The adaptive design allowed testing of all dose(s) of telmisartan in stage I, with the promising dose(s) being taken into stage II. The primary outcome measure was reduction in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at 24 weeks. Results A total of 377 patients were recruited. In stage I, 48, 49, 47, and 45 patients were randomized to control and 20, 40, and 80 mg telmisartan, respectively (total n = 189). At the interim analysis, 80 mg telmisartan was taken forward into stage II. At the end of stage II (n = 105, control; 106, 80-mg arm), there were no differences in HOMA-IR (estimated effect, 0.007; SE, 0.106) at 24 weeks between the telmisartan (80 mg) and nonintervention arms. Longitudinal analysis over 48 weeks showed no change in HOMA-IR, lipid or adipokine levels. There were significant (P ≤ .05), but marginal, improvements in revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) (0.004) and plasma hs-CRP (−0.222 mg/L) and reduction in liver fat content (1.714 mean reduction; P = .005). Conclusions No significant effect of telmisartan was demonstrated on the primary outcome (HOMA-IR), but there were marginal improvements with some secondary outcome measures. Further studies in this population are warranted to identify novel strategies for preventing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Clinical Trial Registration ISRCTN registry (51069819).
Construction and Simulation of Large Dynamic Range AGC System

According to the large dynamic range of signals,this paper proposes a method of design of digital Auto Gain Control(AGC) based on the chip AD8369 and two-slope filtering technique,which is applied in extracting the amplitude of the signal circuit,as well as the algorithms of digital AGC.The validity of algorithms is verified by the simulation in Matlab,and the result of the test,its analysis of errors and improved method is also given.
Pregnancy Outcome of Pre-Diabetic Women in the South of Iran: Brief Report

Identiﬁcation of pregnant women in the pre-diabetes stage is very important because changes in the lifestyle of these women and pharmaceuticaltreatmentcanpreventdiabetesmellitusandreducedmaternalandfetalcomplications. Thisstudyaimedtoevalu-ate the pregnancy outcome of pre-diabetic women in the South of Iran. This study demonstrated the incidence of pre-diabetes was 12% in the South of Iran and was higher than gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Impact of HIV status on attitudes toward fertility among women living with HIV/AIDS in Karnataka, India

Abstract The purpose is to examine HIV/AIDS impact on fertility attitudes among women living with HIV/AIDS in a high HIV prevalent district in India. We used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted among randomly selected currently married HIV positive women, 15–29 years of age. As high as 68% of the women who are living with HIV/AIDS do not want to have another child. Surprisingly, about 17% of the women have never given birth to a child, and 43% among them do not want to have any children. Irrespective of age, education, occupation, place of residence, and caste, the above pattern remained the same. The main reason is that the respondents are afraid of HIV transmission to the baby while delivering. Hence, decision makers should develop strategies to enhance the capacity of the concerned service providers and greater accessibility and utilization of the services to the women living with HIV/AIDS.
Impact of In-vehicle Voice Control Systems on Driver Distraction

Many in-vehicle systems have multimodal interfaces and allow mobile device connectivity to embedded and cloud-based systems. However, some drivers continue to use their hand-held devices regardless of whether the device can be synched with the vehicle. In these situations, drivers appear to rely more on voice interfaces given the perception that they may be safer to use for performing in-vehicle tasks. Drivers use of these systems within their own vehicles was explored using contextual interviews conducted in Seattle, WA and Rockville, MD. The study was conducted on planned routes with 64 participants, who were asked to perform voice control tasks for communication, navigation, accessing information, and entertainment while driving. The interviews were video recorded and a researcher rode along and logged the responses and errors made during the voice interactions. Cognitive workload was assessed using the NASA TLX (Task Load Index). The study showed that drivers are willing to use various voice control devices using smartphones, original equipment manufacturer (OEM) installed voice systems, or a combination. The types of errors made and the level of workload perceived varied among the different voice tasks, indicating that varying levels of distraction can occur with voice interfaces.
A Fast String-matching Algorithm

After introducing the definition of a string's eigenvalue,necessary conditions used to judge if two strings having equal lengths are matched,and a recurrence relation between the eigenvalues of two adjacent substrings are given.Then a fast string-matching algorithm which expected running time is O(n)is presented.The algorithm is more effective than RK algorithm and avoiding all backtrackings thoroughly.
One Improved Content Based Information Filtering Model

According to different filtering aims, information (filtering) was divided into two kinds: one is User Filtering to satisfy user's information need; the other is Security Based Filtering to ensure data security and society security. Firstly, the similarities and differences between the two kinds of information filtering were analyzed. Then, the importance of Security Filtering and its main research content were discussed. After a brief survey on the information filtering systems at present and automatic filtering techniques used, a general model of content based security filtering was put forward. Experiments and analyses were given which demonstrate this model can achieve high accurate text filtering based on text's content.
Radiometric detection of spreadspectrum signals in noise of uncertain power

The standard analysis of the radiometric detectability of a spread-spectrum signal assumes a background of stationary, white Gaussian noise whose power spectral density can be measured very accurately. This assumption yields a fairly high probability of interception, even for signals of short duration. By explicitly considering the effect of uncertain knowledge of the noise power density, it is demonstrated that detection of these signals by a wideband radiometer can be considerably more difficult in practice than is indicated by the standard result. Worst-case performance bounds are provided as a function of input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), time-bandwidth (TW) product and peak-to-peak noise uncertainty. The results are illustrated graphically for a number of situations of interest. It is also shown that asymptotically, as the TW product becomes large, the SNR required for detection becomes a function of noise uncertainty only and is independent of the detection parameters and the observation interval. >
Neural Network Technology Application and Progress for the Field of Medicine

Artificial neural network is a calculation model for simulating the human brain works.Because,it has advantages of self-adaptive,parallel processing capability and nonlinear processing,widely applied in medical diagnosis,video medicine,adjuvantly treating diseases,forecasting effection and so on.This paper summarizes the latest use in these aspects also explores its application in the future.
Efficacy of liposomal dosage forms and hyperosmolar salines in experimental pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury

Introduction: Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions and liposomal drugs with pulmotropic effect are of great interest for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). The results of the studies on the efficacy of hypertonic solutions and liposomes in ALI treatment are currently controversial.Materials and methods: For the experiment, liposomes with dexamethasone, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), aprotinin and dye Cyanine-7 (Cy-7) were obtained. A liposome analysis was performed by means of spectrophotometry. ALI was modeled in rats by the administration of the damaging agents into the trachea. The experimental agents were injected once intravenously after the modeling of ALI. For experimental therapy used liposomal agents, 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) and HyperHAES solutions in the respective groups. The efficacy of the therapy was assessed by the survival of animals, functional indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and by the lung-body ratio. The biodistribution of liposomes after intravenous administration was investigated in mice through using a fluorescent dye Cy-7. The biodistribution of liposomes with Cy-7 was assessed using bioimaging according to the fluorescence intensity of internal organs (lungs, liver, and kidneys) and blood, expressed as dye concentration according to the calibration dependence of dye concentrarion on fluorescence intensity.Results and discussion: All the studied liposomal drugs were effective for the pharmacological correction of ALI. Hypertonic solutions, unlike liposomal drugs, were less likely to prevent the development of pulmonary edema. All the studied therapeutic agents increased the survival rate of the laboratory animals with ALI. The most effective experimental agent was liposomal dexamethasone. The use of drugs in form of simple liposomes with average diameter of 350 nm provided for a higher concentration of the drug in the lungs within the first 40 minutes after intravenous administration.Conclusion: Intravenous administration of liposomal forms is promising for the pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury.
DysWebxia: a text accessibility model for people with dyslexia

Worldwide, 10% of the population has dyslexia, a cognitive disability that reduces readability and comprehension of written information. The goal of this thesis is to make text more accessible for people with dyslexia by combining human computer interaction validation methods and natural language processing techniques. In the initial phase of this study we examined how people with dyslexia identify errors in written text. Their written errors were analyzed and used to estimate the presence of text written by individuals with dyslexia in the Web. After concluding that dyslexic errors relate to presentation and content features of text, we carried out a set of experiments using eye tracking to determine the conditions that led to improved readability and comprehension. After finding the relevant parameters for text presentation and content modification, we implemented a lexical simplification system. Finally, the results of the investigation and the resources created, lead to a model, DysWebxia, that proposes a set of recommendations that have been successfully integrated in four applications.
Sistema de detección de señales y vehículos mediante Redes Neuronales Convolucionales

With the increase of computing capacity and the improvement of Machine Learning algorithms, the opportunity to approach classical problems from new perspectives arises. For this reason, we propose the implementation of a system capable of detecting signals and vehicles with Computer Vision algorithms. In addition, it is a requirement that these models can be run from mobile phones and embedded systems, so it is essential that it is light and easy to use by different customers. To that end, a study of the state of the art of object detection algorithms has been carried out, a dataset has been collected and classified, and the algorithms have been trained and modified until obtaining good results. Finally, a component has been implemented, capable of executing complex Convolutional Neural Networks, which wraps the algorithm and allows its use from any device.
Audio Clip Recognition and Retrieval Based on Incremental Learning with Support Vector Machine

The primary task of audio clip recognition and retrieval is to construct a well performance classifier learning machine How to choose informative training instance from redundant training database and reduce training time of classifier machine is a challenge during the construction of classifier machine, especially for audio clip recognition with large size training database Since support vector is the key instance in support vector machine (SVM), an algorithm to train SVM with incremental learning is proposed In this algorithm, training database is segmented into sub databases and each sub database is trained in batch During each training process, only support vector is reserved for future training and non support vector is discarded Compared with traditional and decremental SVMs, this training algorithm obviously reduces training time and obtains high correct rates of recognition and retrieval
The Research of Data Mining Classification Algorithm that Based on SJEP

Data Mining is dedicated to the analysis and understanding of data, revealing hidden data inside knowledge of technology. Classified as an important research topic in data mining , in recent years , data mining sector presents a new knowledge model, called jumping emerging pattern (JEP: Jumping Emerging Pattern), and there have been some JEP -based classification algorithm . This paper presents a special type of JEP, known as the most effective mode hopping revealed (SJEP: Most Significant Jumping Emerging Patterns). The classification algorithm takes full advantage of the ability to distinguish between JEP strong, while using only the most effective jumping emerging patterns (SJEP) as a basis for classification algorithm enhances endurance noise, reducing the complexity of the algorithm.
Monitoring depth of anesthesia with electroencephalogram : methods and performance evaluation

OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY P. O. BOX 1000, FI-02015 TKK http://www.tkk. fi Author Mika Särkelä Name of the dissertation Manuscript submitted Dec. 11, 2007 Manuscript revised Mar. 10, 2008 Date of the defence Apr. 18, 2008 Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Monograph Faculty Department Field of research Opponent(s) Supervisor Instructor Abstract
A TYPIFICATION OF SOME SUBFAMILY, SECTIONAL, AND SUBSECTIONAL NAMES IN THE FAMILY MALPIGHIACAE

Franz Niedenzu's monograph of the Malpighiaceae in Das Pflanzenreichl published in 1928 is a monumental and masterful piece of work, the result of a lifetime of study. It was preceded by a treatment of the genera in Engler and Prantl's Die Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien in 1890 and by monographs of individual genera subsequently in rather rare publications of the Konigliches Lyceum Hosianum zu Braunsberg, sometimes given its Latin name Lyceum Regium Hosianum Brunsbergense. Although Niedenzu's taxonomic work is detailed and careful, he apparently made up his rules of nomenclature as he went along. He started work before there were any really definite rules and even after the publication of the Vienna Code of Botanical Nomenclature in 1905 he refused to abide by these rules. He changed the names of species that he did not like, proposed homonyms, assigned different ranks to entities without a change of authority, and so on. In particular, he ignored many of the subfamily, sectional, and subsectional names that had been proposed by his illustrious predecessors de Candolle, Ad. de Jussieu, and Grisebach and substituted new names of his own coining. In fact, he replaced many of his own names as he went along, because with changing concepts of the contents of groups the former names were not particularly or universally applicable. A prime difficulty with Niedenzu's work is that he did not work at all under a type concept. His new species were often based on many specimens, all technically syntypes, and no lectotypes have ever been designated for most of them. This is true also for his names
Precoding and Signal Shaping for Digital Transmission

Preface. Introduction. Digital Communications via Linear, Distorting Channels. Precoding Schemes. Signal Shaping. Combined Precoding and Signal Shaping. Appendix A: Wirtinger Calculus. Appendix B: Parameters of the Numerical Examples. Appendix C: Introduction to Lattices. Appendix D: Calculation of Shell Frequency Distribution. Appendix E: Precoding for MIMO Channels. Appendix F: List of Symbols, Variables, and Acronyms. Index.
Threshold Proxy Re-Encryption in Cloud Storage System

Collection of storage servers consist in a cloud storage system. Those servers provide number of services in internet. Storing of data in servers is very confidentiality and it consider as serious problem. Of course general methods like encryption and decryption with security key provides confidentiality but only few operations supported by those encryption and decryption methods. Then it's not much better technique used in cloud storage system. So here we propose a method called as threshold proxy re-encryption scheme. This scheme integrated with decentralized erasure code which formulated a secure distributed storage system. This system not only supports storing and retrieving in secure manner, but also supports forwarding messages from one storage server to another server without retrieving. The main technique implemented here is, encoding the encrypted messages, forwarding methods as well as decryption. Serial actions of our proposed system is encrypting, encoding, and forwarding. The proposed system provides copy of robustness data in all storage servers and which allow more flexible.
Deriving Consonant Cluster Phonotactics: Evidence from Singapore English

Consonant clusters are often targeted by phonological processes that typically make them simpler. This brings up two questions of theoretical interest. First, why do cluster processes occur? One possible answer is that they occur to improve syllable structure (e.g. Steriade 1982, Borowsky 1986, Ito 1988, Blevins 1995); another is that they improve the perceptibility of stop place cues (Labov 1997, Hume 1998, Cote 2000, Steriade 2001). Second, how does a language choose among possible cluster processes? In Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993), the choice is uniquely determined by the language specific constraint ranking. A potential problem arises in languages with multiple cluster processes that sometimes interact, sometimes do not, and sometimes occur in free variation. We will consider these issues in the light of evidence from Singapore English (Tay 1982, Mohanan 1992, Bao 1998, Poedjosoedarmo 2000). This variety of English exhibits several consonant cluster processes that fall into three types: epenthesis, reordering (Metathesis, Copy) and lenition (Fricativization, Place Assimilation, Deletion), illustrated in (1).