Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient routing with reduced routing overhead and Retransmission of Manet

Adhoc network is a collection of mobile nodes that dynamically form a temporary network and are capable of communicating with each other without the use of a network infrastructure. In manet nodes can change location and configure itself, the mobility of nodes causes continuous link breakage due to which frequent path failure occur and route discovery is required. The fundamental construction for a route discoveries is broadcasting in which the receiver node blindly rebroadcast the first received route request packet unless it has route to the destination. The routing overhead associated with route discovery is very high which leads to poor packet delivery ratio and a high delay to be victorious this type of routing overhead we are proposing the new technique using NCPR. To intended NCPR method is used to determine the rebroadcast order and obtain the more precise additional coverage ratio by sensing neighbor coverage knowledge. We can also define connectivity factor to provide node density adaptation. By combining the additional coverage ratio and connectivity factor, rebroadcast probability is determined. The approach can signify improvement in routing performance and decrease the routing overhead by decreasing the number of retransmission.
The Effect of Making a Derived Food Choice for a Relevant Other on the Pre-Fulfillment of One’s own Health Goal

The aim of this study is to clarify the question of how making a derived food choice for ones’ child influences a mothers own consumption behavior of sweet snacks. The focus of this study is set upon the difference of the consumption behavior of mothers as a consequence of their selection amongst a healthy and unhealthy food alternative aimed for their child. Finding a result in line with the expectations, the study reveals that mothers who perform a derived choice of a healthy food item for their children, feel free to eat more of unhealthy products as a consequence of their family benefitting behavior. Interestingly, the mothers’ consumption behavior seems to be strongly and negatively moderated by their perceived happiness in the relationship with the father and the compatibility of both partners’ educational techniques.
Real-time 3D Reconstruction and Semantic Segmentation using Multi-layer Heightmaps

The problem of identifying objects in images is an open problem in computer vision. Most current methods do not operate in real time, or directly on a 3D representation of a scene. In this thesis, we investigate various ways of using heightmaps to possibly improve on current methods of semantic segmentation, with the aim of implementing it on a Project Tango device, a tablet computer with built-in 3D depth acquisition support, for real-time usage. We focus on the four-class labelling problem defined in the NYUv2 dataset. The multi-layer heightmap was previously introduced as a very compact representation of 3D scenes. We introduce our extension to the original multi-layer heightmap algorithm to support streaming applications. The fixed-grid heightmap has also been extended to support horizontally unbounded scenes by using a hashtable. We also introduce a method of creating heightmaps from truncated signed distance fields (TSDFs), and our experiments show that creating heightmaps from TSDFs may be faster. We also introduce a method to mesh multilayer heightmaps that is more efficient than the original algorithm. On semantic segmentation, we also used heightmaps to perform reconstruction and segmentation, by implementing a pipeline that consists of classification in 2D using a random forest, followed by superpixel segmentation and then a Conditional Random Field (CRF). Our segmented 2D images, with their accompanying depthmaps, were then combined to produce a 3D heightmap, with the intention that combining the votes from multiple images may give better accuracies. However, combining multiple segmentations seem to provide little benefit to accuracy. Finally, we introduce a novel way to perform semantic segmentation with random forests and heightmaps, utilizing the compact representation of heightmaps to quickly identify structures around a point in 3D. Our results show that performing segmentation on a relatively coarse heightmap, although not state-of-the-art, gives average accuracies similar to the baseline by Silberman et al. on the NYUv2 dataset. There is room for improvement by including colour and height information, or by considering the labels of neighbouring points. However, more work needs to be done to bring the speed to real-time.
Holding governments accountable? Individual heterogeneity in performance voting

This study suggests that performance voting is characterised by extensive individual heterogeneity. Most economic voting studies to date treat voters as rather homogeneous in their reactions to economic performance of incumbents. Yet, a large and well-established line of research from the American context demonstrates the conditional impact of political sophistication and salience on voters' political attitudes and behaviour. Building on this work, this article explores individual-level variation in performance voting due to political sophistication and salience. Utilising cross-national data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) including 25 democracies, performance voting is examined across an array of policy areas including the economy, social welfare, immigration and national security, and it is shown that political sophistication and salience are key moderators of performance voting. The findings suggest that holding governments to account for past performance is mainly the prerogative of the highly sophisticated and thus may be more laborious than previously assumed. At the same time, the results indicate that the sophistication gap in performance voting narrows when voters attach a higher degree of salience to a policy area. As long as voters care enough about government activities in a particular policy area, incumbents can expect credit or blame for policy outcomes. This should provide at least some impetus for responsive policy making.
A m-dimensional stochastic estimator

This paper shows the development of a optimal stochastic estimator for a black-box system in a m -dimensional space, observing noise with an unknown dynamics model. The results are based in state space, described by a discrete stochastic estimator and noise characterization. The proposed result gives an algorithm to construct diagonal form for the state space system. It is a new technique for a instrumental variable tool, and a diagonalization process avoiding the calculation of pseudo-inverse matrices is presented with a linear computational complexity O ( j ) and j as the diagonal matrix dimension. The results show that it is possible to reconstruct the observable signal with a probability approximation.
Perceived Motivating Factors towards a Positive Working Environment in Rural Hospitals at Vhembe District in the Limpopo Province

Abstract One of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is to improve maternal health with the target of reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters between 1990–2015. The rendering of quality patient care requires the whole healthcare system to be functional with well-trained, motivated staff, adequate services, equipment and skilled competent leadership. However, work environment in rural hospitals is poorly resourced, thus leading to many nurses becoming de-motivated. This paper describes the factors that the nurses would like to see in their working environment which could improve quality patient care in rural hospitals. An appreciative inquiry qualitative, exploratory, descriptive research design was used. Data were collected through focus group interviews whereby thirty six participants were interviewed. The researcher used the open coding technique to analyse data. The findings revealed that nurses are motivated by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors in their working environment.
Spectral wave analysis at the mesopause from SCIAMACHY airglow data compared to SABER temperature spectra

Abstract. Space-time spectral analysis of satellite data is an important method to derive a synoptic picture of the atmosphere from measurements sampled asynoptically by satellite instruments. In addition, it serves as a powerful tool to identify and separate different wave modes in the atmospheric data. In our work we present space-time spectral analyses of chemical heating rates derived from Scanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) hydroxyl nightglow emission measurements onboard Envisat for the years 2002–2006 at mesopause heights. Since SCIAMACHY nightglow hydroxyl emission measurements are restricted to the ascending (nighttime) part of the satellite orbit, our analysis also includes temperature spectra derived from 15 μm CO2 emissions measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument. SABER offers better temporal and spatial coverage (daytime and night-time values of temperature) and a more regular sampling grid. Therefore SABER spectra also contain information about higher frequency waves. Comparison of SCIAMACHY and SABER results shows that SCIAMACHY, in spite of its observational restrictions, provides valuable information on most of the wave modes present in the mesopause region. The main differences between wave spectra obtained from these sensors can be attributed to the differences in their sampling patterns.
Virtual Machine Placement Using Hypercube Ant Colony Optimization Framework

This paper presents a novel application of hypercube framework of ant colony optimization to the virtual machine (VM) placement problem, with the objective of minimizing the power consumption and resource wastage. The aim of the VM placement is to develop an optimal placement strategy to allocate the VM’s to physical servers such that the usage of physical resource is minimized. The hypercube framework of ACO differs from its usual ACO implementation in the hyperspace for the pheromone values. In other words, in the hypercube framework, the updating of pheromone values is constrained to lie between 0 to1. This constrained pheromone updating has an advantage of automatically handling the scaling of objective function values and further leads to robust version pf ACO procedure. Here, we experimentally investigate the influence of hypercube framework of ACO for virtual machine placement using three ACO variants, namely, Ant system, Max-Min Ant System, and Ant colony system.
Pushing against the Margins: Indigenous Theorizing of “Success” and Retention in Higher Education

What does it mean to be “successful” in higher education? For some in mainstream society, the value is placed on the financial status gained from a university education. Governments and university administration measure success through graduation rates. While the economic and social benefits of a university education are also important to Aboriginal people, successful negotiation of mainstream higher education also entails maintaining their cultural integrity (Tierney & Jun, 2001). Broadening notions of success and corresponding retention theories is important to move forward the agenda of Aboriginal higher education. The purpose of this article is to further the theoretical and practical discussions of educational success of Aboriginal students. Using social reproduction theory and a post-colonial framework, this article presents an argument that shows how/why conventional discourses on retention and student success often exclude Indigenous understandings and worldviews. To this end, it provides a counter-hegemonic on current discourses relating to retention and Aboriginal persistence in mainstream institutions. The article concludes with some thoughts on how to enrich the educational experiences of Aboriginal students from an Indigenous understanding of success and retention.
A Fuzzy Logic Controller for IPMSG used in Wind Energy Conversion System

In this paper a fuzzy logic based approach is presented for control of small-scale Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) over wide operating range. The considered WECS is equipped with fixedpith blades and an Interior PM Synchronous Generator connected to a full-scale PWM rectifier. The proposed control strategy aims to track maximum power point at underrated wind speeds and harvest rated power of generator at overrated wind speeds. The space vector modulation-based direct torque control method is used to track the electrical torque and flux references. The reference of electrical torque is provided through a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) achieving the maximum power point tracking. On the other hand, the reference flux magnitude is provided through a comprehensive strategy guarantying the machine operation over nominal rotational speed, limitation of the generated reference torque and copper-loss minimization. These are formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem which is solved numerically offline using the well-known sequential quadratic programming method. It should be noted that, the fuzzy rules are designed in such a way that not only result fast and accurate tracking performance at underrated wind speeds but also avoids irrational growth in reference electrical torque when the reference torque is limited by reference flux providing strategy. The proposed control strategy is verified by applying the strategy to a commercial 10 kW wind turbine simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
Performance enhancement of graphene based optoelectronic devices

PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF GRAPHENE BASED OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES Onur Özdemir M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Advisor: Ekmel Özbay Co-advisor: Hümeyra Çağlayan August 2016 Graphene is a strong candidate for active optoelectronic devices because of its electrostatically tunable optical response. Current substrate back-gating methods are unable to sustain high fields through graphene unless a high gate voltage is applied. In order to solve this problem, ionic liquid gating is used which allows substrate front side gating, thus eliminating major loss factors such as a dielectric layer and a thick substrate layer. On the other hand, due to its two dimensional nature, graphene interacts weakly with light and this interaction limits its efficiency in optoelectronic devices. However, V-shaped plasmonic antennas can be used to enhance the incident electric field intensity and confine the electric field near graphene thus allowing further interaction with graphene. Combining V-shaped nanoantennas with the tunable response of graphene, the operation wavelength of the devices that employ V-shaped antennas can be tuned in situ. We demonstrate a reflection enhancement by utilising different V-shaped nanoantenna geometries on a Si-SiO2 substrate. After studying the response of these nanoantennas, we demonstrate a graphene-based device with ionic liquid gating and V-shaped plasmonic antennas to both enhance and more effectively tune the total optical response. We are able to tune the transmission response of the device for up to 389 nm by changing the gate voltage by 3.8 Volts in the mid-infrared regime.
Realization of data sharing as an approach to disaster with the Digital Japan Web System

The Digital Japan Web System is a web mapping system which realizes the concept of Digital Japan: “Anyone can make a map of any location at any period at any time using anyone’s data. ” Digital Japan requires a set of framework geographic information which is freely and rapidly available with high cartographic quality, and a simple way to provide any type of thematic geographic information. Digital Japan Web System has been implemented to meet such requirements and is available for general use. More than 200 applications of the Digital Japan Web System have recently emerged. In Japan, where there are a lot of natural disasters, rapid and precise responses to disasters are needed. Systems to meet such needs are implemented with the Digital Japan Web System.
The Exploration of Biasing Voltage Range on Implantable Microscale Electrochemical Sensors for Post-Surgery Cancer Recurrence Monitoring

Cancer surgery prognosis currently relies heavily on expensive diagnostics devices that have limited availability to patients. Minute-to-minute cancer recurrence monitoring device is needed. This paper investigates a novel design and simulation of Implantable micro-scale, minute-to-minute sensors of low manufacture cost. In Cadence simulation software, electrochemical sensor array circuit in 0.35 micron complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process was designed. The simulated circuit supported both pH ISFET sensor and soluble oxygen level O2-FET sensor. The simulation result showed that the circuit’s output voltage has optimal sensitivity when ISFET Vgate was biased at range of 2.29-2.49 volts. The output voltage in this biasing scheme varies linearly with the input voltage Vgate making it ideal region for monitoring of cancer. The appropriate biasing of ISFET Vgate voltage found by simulation is within 2.29-2.49 volts. In the case of pH measurements, the sensitivity can be up to 0.02 pH in a minute-to-minute pH probing device for cancer prognosis tracking. Other chemical probes such as O2-FET and Oct4 sensors are also supported by the device architecture.
Chemical characterization and source identification of PM 2.5 at multiple sites in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

Abstract. The simultaneous observation and analysis of atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) on a regional scale is an important approach to develop control strategies for haze pollution. In this study, samples of filtered PM2.5 were collected simultaneously at three urban sites (Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang) and at a regional background site (Xinglong) in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region from June 2014 to April 2015. The PM2.5 at the four sites was mainly comprised of organic matter, secondary inorganic ions, and mineral dust. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) demonstrated that, on an annual basis, secondary inorganic aerosol was the largest PM2.5 source in this region, accounting for 29.2–40.5 % of the PM2.5 mass at the urban sites; the second-largest PM2.5 source was motor vehicle exhaust, particularly in Beijing (24.9 %), whereas coal combustion was also a large source in Tianjin (12.4 %) and Shijiazhuang (15.5 %), with particular dominance in winter. Secondary inorganic aerosol plays a vital role in the haze process, with the exception of the spring haze in Shijiazhuang and Tianjin, for which the dust source was crucial. In addition to secondary transformations, local direct emissions (coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust) significantly contribute to the winter haze at the urban sites. Moreover, with the aggravation of haze pollution, the OC ∕ EC mass ratio of PM2.5 decreased considerably and the nitrate-rich secondary aerosol increased during all four seasons in Beijing, both of which indicate that local motor vehicle emissions significantly contribute to the severe haze episodes in Beijing. To assess the impacts of regional transport on haze pollution, the PMF results were further processed with backward-trajectory cluster analysis, revealing that haze pollution usually occurred when air masses originating from polluted industrial regions in the south prevailed and is characterized by high PM2.5 loadings with considerable contributions from secondary aerosols. This study suggests that control strategies to mitigate haze pollution in the BTH region should focus on the reduction of gaseous precursor emissions from fossil fuel combustion (motor vehicle emissions in Beijing and coal combustion in Tianjin, Hebei, and nearby provinces).
Potential Development of Hydrocarbon in Basement Reservoirs In Indonesia

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v8i3. 165Basement rocks, in particular igneous and metamorphic rocks are known to have porosity and permeability which should not be ignored. Primary porosity of basement rocks occurs as the result of rock formation. The porosity increases by the presence of cracks occurring as the result of tectonic processes (secondary porosity). Various efforts have been carried out to explore hydrocarbon in basement rocks. Some oil and gas fields proved that the basement rocks are as reservoirs which so far have provided oil and gas in significant amount. A review using previous research data, new data, and observation of igneous rocks in some fields has been done to see the development of exploration and basement reservoirs in Indonesia. A review on terminology of basement rock up till the identification of oil and gas exploration in basement rocks need to be based on the latest technology. An environmental approach is suggested to be applied as an alternative in analyzing the policy on oil and gas exploration development, especially in basement reservoirs.
Un marco de trabajo para las medidas de rendimiento en la optimización dinámica evolutiva

Varios fenomenos reales pueden ser modelados como problemas dinamicos de optimizacion. Estos problemas han sido tratados eficientemente mediante metodos evolutivos durante los ultimos 25 anos. En este contexto, la evaluacion del rendimiento de estos metodos es aun un tema en desarrollo. Sin embargo, a partir de una revision de la literatura desarrollada en este trabajo, es posible advertir la ausencia de un marco de trabajo que se organiza convenientemente los progresos alcanzados en este campo de investigacion. En consecuencia, la presente investigacion tiene como objetivo proponer un marco de trabajo que permita no solo organizar los avances actuales, sino tambien identificar posibles medidas aun no propuestas. Se incluye ademas un analisis de las principales tendencias en este campo de investigacion. El principal resultado obtenido a partir del marco de trabajo propuesto es el predominio de medidas de rendimiento basadas en el promedio de la calidad de la solucion obtenida por el algoritmo en terminos de la funcion objetivo. Keywords: Medidas de rendimiento, Optimizacion dinamica evolutiva, Evaluacion de algoritmos.
EXPLORING SCHEMA MATCHING TO COMPARE GEOSPATIAL STANDARDS: APPLICATION TO UNDERGROUND UTILITY NETWORKS

Abstract. This paper proposes a preliminary analysis of whether a schema matching approach can be applied for the comparison and possible the selection of geospatial standards. Schema matching is tested in the context of underground utility network modelling and, as an initial experiment, three geospatial standards are compared with user requirements: CityGML UtilityNetwork ADE, infraGML and IFC. The schema comparison is enabled by XSD files, and carried out from syntactic, structural and semantic points of view, making use of existing software. The findings of this preliminary investigation show that schema matching is applicable for the comparison of user needs and existing geospatial standards, and does show some potential, but the matching results are varied and not easy to interpret. In particular, the similarity scores between user needs and standards are very low and the comparison and the selection is not straightforward. Having a strategy - an iterative process - is required. While for this preliminary examination, the focus of this paper is on assessing the schema matching approach (which parameters to take into consideration, how to proceed, tools available, automation aspect), further work will include examining software options and performance, as well as exploring how to take the relatively complex preliminary results obtained here and use them to assist the selection of a specific standard.