Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comorbid mental disorders and substance use disorders: epidemiology, prevention and treatment

Clinicians know this problem well. It is difficult to treat a person with schizophrenia whose psychotic symptoms are sometimes due to the psychosis and sometimes due to drug dependence. Likewise the combination of personality disorder and somatization disorder, or depression and anxiety, or any combination of the major groups of mental disorders produces more disability, makes the prognosis worse, the clinician’s task more difficult, and the family’s burden greater. Everyone calls for help when people have concurrent disorders. It can be an emergency, however judging things to be important from what forces itself upon our attention is a general type of human error. Our government swings into action following dramatic rural events like floods, and is slow to pay attention to insidious rural phenomena like the gradual loss of productive farmland by rising salinity, even though the burden of salinity is much greater than the burden of floods. So it is with comorbidity and concurrent disorders. Those that cause alarm will receive help; those that quietly destroy a person’s productivity will often be ignored.
Reductions in Submersed Macrophyte Biomass and Species Richness by the Crayfish Orconectes rusticus

We conducted five 4- to 12-wk in situ enclosure–exclosure experiments in four macrophyte assemblages in three northern Wisconsin lakes to test the impact of grazing by the crayfish Orconectes rusticus. Size of cages and cageless controls ranged from 1 to 3 m2. Adult crayfish reduced total macrophyte biomass in two experiments and reduced species richness in three experiments. The natural occurrence of crayfish in the study lakes ranged from 1 to 223 g live crayfish∙m−2. Crayfish abundance of 19 g∙m−2 reduced total macrophyte biomass 64%, while abundance >140 g∙m−2 eliminated all macrophytes. Decline in species richness and comparison of species abundance over time suggested that crayfish grazed selectively. Both consumptive and nonconsumptive destruction by crayfish caused macrophyte decline. Single-stemmed species were more susceptible to destruction than rosulate or branched species. Our results suggest that crayfish play an important role in structuring the macrophyte and invertebrate communities that .
CO2 fluxes from peat in boreal mires under varying temperature and moisture conditions.

1 Co2 emissions in boreal peatlands were measured during two seasons on various mire site types representing different nutrient statuses and water tables. In order to examine the long term effects of water table draw-down on the CO2 fluxes, the sites also included 25-50-year-old drainages. 2 On virgin sites the lowest CO2 fluxes were measured at ombrotrophic sites dominated by Sphagnum fuscum (78-127mg CO2 m-2 h-' at 12 ? C, 60-200 g CO2-C m-2 year') and the highest CO2 fluxes were at ombrotrophic sites with abundant understorey vegetation (183-259mg CO2 m-2 h-' at 12 ? C, 290-340g C02-C m-2 year-'). 3 Lowering of the water table by 1 cm increased CO2 fluxes by an average of 7.1 mg COM2 h-' at 12 ? C and 9.5 g C02-C m-2 year-'. In some cases the effect of ditches on the water table, and correspondingly on CO2 fluxes, was small. However, effective draining caused 100% increase in CO2 fluxes. Drainages had higher CO2 fluxes compared with virgin subsites at the same temperature and water table. 4 The effect of temperature on CO2 fluxes depended on the water table, the average QIo value being 2.9 with water tables of 0-20cm and 2.0 with water tables below 20cm. 5 CO2 fluxes are compared with primary production figures, and peat carbon stores and the carbon balance in changing climate are discussed.
Notes on the Differential Death‐Rate in Gambusia

BARNEY AND ANSON,2 in writing of the fluctuating sex-ratio in the common top-minnow, Gamibusia affinis B. & G. , have expressed (p. 6i) conclusions with respect to a differential death-rate for the sexes quite at variance with data of my own. Briefly stated, they conclude that in the shipping of Gambusia for stocking ponds in mosquito-control work it is the females, and not the males, that have the higher death-rate, and they explain this upon the assumption that the male " is somewhat more resistant to high temperatures than the female. " During the past year I obtained from the Director of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Laboratory at Beaufort, North Carolina, two lots of these fish, totaling 1,489 individuals. They were sent to Baltimore in fairly equal installments, and at different seasons of the year. On each occasion they were a little more than 48 hours in transit. One shipment (693 fish) was sent in cold weather; the other (796 fish) in warm weather. In the appended table I have presented data concerning these shipments, from which the following may be seen:
Invasion of Erythrocytes by Malaria Parasites: A Cellular and Molecular Overview

: Studies on the morphology, cell biology, and immunology of invasion have characterized events that are now being studied at the molecular level. The initial events of invasion are receptor-specific. A determinant associated with Duffy blood group antigens is involved in the invasion of human erythrocytes by P. knowlesi and P. vivax. The Duffy Fya antigen has recently been identified and further characterization of its role in reception and invasion should now be possible. P. falciparum utilizes erythrocyte ligands that differ from those of P. knowlesi and P. vivax. Sialic acid and a trypsin-sensitive erythrocyte membrane component are important for invasion by P. falciparum parasites. There is evidence that at least two ligands are involved in invasion. For P. knowlesi there is a ligand for attachment, common to both Duffy-negative and Duffy-positive human erythrocytes, and a second ligand for invasion, which is found only on Duffy-positive human erythrocytes. P. vivax also appears to utilize two ligands, a Duffy-associated ligand and a ligand specific for reticulocytes. P. falciparum binds to sialic acid-dependent and sialic acid-independent trypsin-sensitive ligands. P. falciparum merozoites require erythrocyte sialic acid to varying degrees in order to invade; this indicates heterogeneity of the receptor mechanism. Monoclonal antibodies and recombinant DNA technology have greatly facilitated the identification, isolation, and characterization of proteins that may be involved in invasion. Molecules that may have invasion-related functions include those whose antibodies block invasion, those that bind to erythrocyte ligands important for invasion, those that appear on the merozoite surface, and those that appear to be inserted into the erythrocyte membrane at the time of invasion. It has not been possible to identify a definite function for any of the molecules identified thus far. No monoclonal or polyclonal monospecific antibody has been identified that reacts specifically over the surface of the apical region of the merozoite where junction formation occurs. Identification of molecules responsible for apical attachment and junction formation will be important for our understanding of invasion. In terms of vaccine development, it is not yet known whether any of the molecules discussed here will prove to be effective immunogens. It is clear from the data obtained with the 140-kd protein of P. knowlesi that antigenic variation poses a potential problem for vaccine development. As the molecular events responsible for invasion become better understood, novel ways may be devised to interfere with the process and prevent the disease.
SEXUAL SIGNALING IN PERIODICAL CICADAS, MAGICICADA SPP. (HEMIPTERA: CICADIDAE)

Periodical cicada ( Magicicada spp.) sexual pair formation takes place in dense aggregations and involves intense male-male competition for limited mating opportunities. Pair-forming behavior in these species has been poorly understood because of limited knowledge of sexual communication. We have found that sexually receptive female Magicicada flick their wings in timed response to an individual chorusing male; this previously unrecognized female response is hereafter referred to as a 'wing-flick' signal. We document the nature, timing, and species-specificity of this signal as well as its absence in both immature and mated females. We also document changes in male chorusing and searching behavior in response to wing-flick signals and male responses to the signals' visual and acoustical components. We test the hypothesis that female sensory psychology has shaped the evolution of-decim calls by favoring frequency-modulated male calls that are more readily distinguishable in an intense background chorus. Within mating aggregations, male Magicicada attempt to usurp ongoing courtships and also engage in interference competition by acoustically obscuring the calls of potential interlopers, reducing the likelihood of a female response.
Independent evolution of song structure and note structure in American wood warblers

This study addresses the issue of how evolutionary convergence within shared environments shapes some features of bird song while leaving others unaffected, using as an example the songs of 51 North American wood warblers (Parulinae). I combined published information on breeding habitats and evolutionary relationships to show that the structure of warbler songs is correlated with habitat, whereas the structure of the notes that comprise the songs is relatively unaffected by habitat and more closely related to phylogenetic history. The results confirm known relationships between bird song and habitat, including correlations between song frequency and the type and density of canopy foliage, and between the number and arrangement of notes in the song and foliage density and moisture. More importantly, the results suggest that individual notes and whole songs are to some extent functionally independent, because the configuration of notes shows more evidence of evolutionary constraint than does the way notes are assembled into songs.
3D Computer Vision and Augmented Reality

The aim of the paper is to study various variational methods for scene ﬂow estimation and classify them based on the camera setting and the energy formulation. The paper further focuses on to asses the optimization algorithms used in the literature and deduce a logical comparison in terms of deviation from the ground truth of diﬀerent data sets.
Analysis of PFC Improvement and THD Reduction Achieved by PFC-based Zeta Converter and PWM-Rectifier

Nowadays, to overcome power quality and power factor problems at AC input mains of power systems, various active (Power Factor Correction) PFC techniques are widely employed which utilize switch-mode converters and controller circuits to achieve the aims. Amongst them, in this paper, PFC-based zeta converter and single-phase PWM-rectifier are designated as efficient PFC circuitry to mitigate the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and also increase Power Factor (PF). This paper focuses on control and design, analysis, and performance evaluation of each PFC topology separately in the presence of brushless DC motor. The design complexity and number of element required in the PFC circuits are contributing factors to be regarded. Since, the larger these quantities are, the more destructive impact they have on the system reliability and expense. In this regard, this letter, compares the designed PFC-based zeta converter and single-phase PWM-rectifier in terms of their performance, application, design complexity and the number of required elements. The proposed PFC converter topologies are modeled and simulated in Matlab-Simulink environment and then are evaluated through some case studies.
Spatial Residual Blocks Combined Parallel Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

In hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, there are challenges of the spatial variation in spectral features and the lack of labeled samples. In this paper, a novel spatial residual blocks combined parallel network (SRPNet) is proposed for HSI classification. Firstly, the spatial residual blocks extract spatial features from rich spatial contexts information, which can be used to deal with the spatial variation of spectral signatures. Especially, the skip connection in spatial residual blocks is conducive to the backpropagation of gradients and mitigates the declining-accuracy phenomenon in the deep network. Secondly, the parallel structure is employed to extract spectral features. Spectral feature learning on parallel branches contains fewer independent connection weighs through parameter sharing. Thus, fewer parameters of the network require a lesser number of training samples. Furthermore, the feature fusion is conducted on the multi-scale features from different layers in the spectral feature learning part. Extensive experiments of three representative HSI data sets illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed network.
Design, Fabrication and Test of Dual Redundant TSV Interconnection for Millimeter Wave Applications

TSV technology enables small size, high density, high integration, and high performance 3D integration. Currently, its application or even commercialization is occurring in Memory IC, high performance logic IC, and MEMS, microwave and millimeter wafer application will become an emerging field in coming years with booming of the 5G, millimeter wave radar. For high frequency application, TSV interposer based 2.5D/3D integration is a competitive choice. This paper proposes a dual redundant TSV interconnection design in High resistivity Si interposer for Millimeter Wave Applications. To verify the feasibility of this design, a set of test structures that can work at millimeter wave is designed, which is made of dual redundant TSV interconnection linked CPW lines. Process is developed for High resistivity Si TSV interposer and Test structures are fabricated and tested, the results show that the insertion loss of the test structure with dual redundant TSV interconnect is <1.57 dB@40GHz.
Single-Layer, Flexible, and Depolarizing Chipless RFID Tags

This work presents the designs of single-layer chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags based on the RF-encoding particles (REP) approach. These tags are the first realized for reading in cross-polarization resulting in a higher immunity against multipath, and thus, achieving robust readings in a practical environment. The proposed chipless tags are of credit-card size, with a frequency band of operation ranging from 3 to 6 GHz within the ultra-wideband (UWB), compliant with low-cost additive fabrication techniques, and realized with low-cost plastic and paper substrates. A study on reader-tag polarization and rotation angle is performed for the proposed designs and compared with the existing designs of two-layers. For the first time, it is presented that the low-cost single-layer tags can be read in realistic environments with only one measurement.
The Effect of Mechanical Deformation on Electrical Properties of Near-field Communication Device

Flexible near-field communication (NFC) devices for wearable electronics often work in the state of deformation. In this paper, the electrical properties of a flexible NFC device under different bending and twisting deformations are studied. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the electrical properties of the NFC device are closely related to the effective area of the NFC device. The larger the change rate of the effective area of the NFC antenna is, the more the decline of the electrical properties of the NFC device is. According to the theoretical analysis of the effective area of the NFC antenna, we can see that the smaller the area is, the stronger the ability of the device to resist deformation is, and the NFC device with axisymmetric structure has better electrical stability. The preliminary results are expected to serve as a reference for the optimization design of the flexible NFC devices in wearable electronics.
Economic Analysis of Bi-Directional Net-meters with Orientation and Positioning of Solar Module

In this paper, the methodologies and worldwide impact of the net meter are discussed with the points to be considered in positioning the solar panel for maximizing the self-consumption. In addition, the net metering policies associated with its financial factors are discussed. The depletion of fossil fuels drags the world to the paramount use of available renewable energy sources for power production in small and medium scales. In this, the power production using solar energy is playing a vital role as it is safe and pollution free. The solar PV system has made a good impact in different countries and it's fast-paced in the last two decades because of the increase in demand for electric power. Apart from the utility service to generate power by Solar PV power plants in large scale, this idea has been an attraction to the peoples and results in implementing the Solar PV in their building roofs to generate their own power in small scale. The rooftop solar PV systems made the consumers to support their residential load during the power failure, consuming less power from the grid and in advance, it can feed the excess power to the grid. By delivering the power to the grid the consumer becomes prosumer and experience economic return equal to the power delivered to the grid. Bidirectional net energy meters are useful for the consumers to keep in track of the amount of power that is transmitted to the grid (Solar power generated in excess) and received by the consumer (power received from the utility center). The main outcome of this net metering from the consumer side is the reduced total tariff when they fed the excess power to the grid. -Researches are being developed in the area of minimizing the losses, and maximum consumption with low cost affordable to build Zero Energy Buildings. In some parts of the USA, the government has come forward for free installation of the rooftop solar PV system in their people's house as awareness and receiving their excess power at a considerable rate. Without this Net metering technology, the utility cannot consume power from the consumer.
Enhanced Convolutional Neural Networks for Segmentation of Retinal Blood Vessel Image

Segmentation of fundus retinal blood vessels is one of the most challenging tasks in computer vision because of the difficulty in precisely capturing every minute detail in the tiny vessels necessary for accurate and early diagnosis and prognosis. These problems are attributed to noise, artifacts, low contrast associated with medical images especially fundus retinal images as a result of uneven illumination and the approach used in acquiring them. Other difficulties are the interference and distinction of pathologies (background) from blood vessels (foreground) during segmentation. To address these problems, this paper proposes an Enhanced Deep Convolutional Networks for Segmentation of Retinal Blood Vessel to explore the availability of huge channels and usage of global location and context in the U-net model. Enhancement techniques are also applied to input images at data pre-processing stage to enhance brightness and visibility before passing them to CNN for segmentation. The combination of these two effective tools will boost the sensitivity accuracy since it is a key factor that echoes a truthful valuation of blood vessel pixels, which is the principal goal in vessel segmentation for fundus image analysis. Our proposed method is evaluated on the Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction (DRIVE) dataset and the performance achieves the state-of-the-art for segmentation of retinal blood vessels. with accuracy of 94.47, sensitivity of 70.92, specificity of 98.20 and area under the ROC curve of 97.56.
An Ensemble Filtering and Supervised Clustering based Informative Gene Selection Algorithm in Microarray Gene Expression Data

Sample classification is one of the important downstream analysis of microarray gene expression data. The outcome of microarray technology is a gene expression data matrix containing expression level of a huge number of genes for a small number of samples which creates difficulty in sample classification. This high-dimensional input space is an overhead for classification algorithms and only a small number of genes contain relevant information for sample classification. In, this regard, a new multi filtering ensemble approach based supervised gene clustering algorithm is proposed here. The proposed method works in two phases. In, the first phase most relevant genes are selected using a multi filtering ensemble approach. In the second phase, the selected relevant genes are clustered using sample class information to find groups of correlated genes closely associated with the sample categories. Then a number of most significant cluster representatives are selected as features for sample classification. The proposed method is compared with different well known existing clustering based and popular filter based gene selection algorithms with respect to the classification accuracy of k-nearest neighbor, Support vector machine and Naive Bayes classifiers on different microarray gene expression datasets. The proposed method significantly outperforms in all cases.
Failure Monitoring and Recovery System During Manufacturing Process

Originally designed for industrial use, numerical control (CNC) machines have been increasingly present incommercial and residential environments, especially due to the popularization of low-cost 3D printers and machines with a similar control system, such as small laser cutting machines. Most of such machines are controlled by G-codes, however, open, simple and generic tools for remote control, monitoring and open management of G-codes sent to them are rare. In the context of Industry 4.0, including remote operation and monitoring of such machines, their use has become fundamental. This article introduces an open and generic CNC device control software platform that manages and controls the machine via remote web, from anywhere, with any device (computer or smartphone). The system involves failure detection during the manufacturing process and remote monitoring of sensors and enables the pausing or continuation of manufacturing or restarting processes from the point of interruption. The article addresses the systems characteristics, its implementation and the experimental results from its use with two 3D printers.
Object Tracking and Anomaly Detection in Live Environment: A Survey

Numerous strategies are executed for the identification of peculiarities on the framework. Irregularities based strategies are looking at as proficient from that client purpose based methodology is favored for the Usage of oddity recognition. Presently multi day's decent variety of abnormality strategies are accessible In view of this, it is difficult to think about these strategies. To know this, diverse abnormality Identification is checked on and make a nitty-gritty examination in this. This paper contains examination consider of various oddity discovery strategies. Interruption perception has gained a wide consideration and turns into a gainful field for different looks into, and as yet is the subject of all-inclusive intrigue by specialists. The interruption recognition network still stands up to troublesome circumstance even after numerous long periods of research. Decreasing the tremendous number of wrong cautions all through the procedure of recognizing obscure assault designs stays vague issue. In any case, different research results as of late have appeared there are potential answers for this issue. Inconsistency identification is a key issue of interruption recognition in which Irritations of ordinary conduct determine an appearance of planned or unintended impact assaults, flaw, deformities, and others. This paper displays an outline of research bearings for applying composed and disorderly strategies to handle the issue of inconsistency discovery. The references referred to will cover the huge hypothetical issues lead the analyst in fascinating examination bearings.