Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mood Instability and Trait Anxiety as Distinct Components of Eysenckian Neuroticism With Differential Relations to Impulsivity and Risk Taking

Abstract This article presents the results of 2 studies that investigated mood instability in the Eysenck neuroticism scales and its relationship to trait impulsivity and risk taking. In Study 1 we examined the relationship between a mood instability factor in the Eysenck Personality Inventory and impulsivity (i.e., rapid unplanned behavior) in a general population sample of 6,066 adults. The mood instability factor was positively correlated with impulsivity. The remaining factors, largely reflecting trait anxiety, were also positively correlated with impulsivity, although these correlations disappeared when mood instability was included in the same regression model. In Study 2 we factor analyzed the short form of the revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire to isolate mood instability and trait anxiety factors and explore their associations with risk taking in a general population sample of 394,170 adults 40 to 69 years old. The mood instability factor was positively associated with risk taking, whereas the association for the trait anxiety factor was negative. Taken together, the results suggest that mood instability and trait anxiety are separable components of Eysenckian neuroticism and that mood instability is the main component that is positively associated with trait impulsivity and risk taking. Further research is needed to clarify the factor structure of Eysenckian neuroticism.
Pharmacological Therapy in Panic Disorder: Current Guidelines and Novel Drugs Discovery for Treatment-resistant Patient

Panic disorder (PD) being one of the most intensively investigated anxiety disorders is considered a heterogeneous psychiatric disease which has difficulties with early diagnosis. The disorder is recurrent and usually associated with low remission rates and high rates of relapse which may exacerbated social and quality of life, causes unnecessary cost and increased risk for complication and suicide. Current pharmacotherapy for PD are available but these drugs have slow therapeutic onset, several side effects and most patients do not fully respond to these standard pharmacological treatments. Ongoing investigations indicate the need for new and promising agents for the treatment of PD. This article will cover the importance of immediate and proper treatment, the gap in the current management of PD with special emphasis on pharmacotherapy, and evidence regarding the novel anti-panic drugs including the drugs in developments such as metabotropic glutamate (mGlu 2/3) agonist and levetiracetam. Preliminary results suggest the anti-panic properties and the efficacy of duloxetine, reboxetine, mirtazapine, nefazodone, risperidone and inositol as a monotherapy drug. Apart for their effectiveness, the aforementioned compounds were generally well tolerated compared to the standard available pharmacotherapy drugs, indicating their potential therapeutic usefulness for ambivalent and hypervigilance patient. Further strong clinical trials will provide an ample support to these novel compounds as an alternative monotherapy for PD treatment-resistant patient.
Accuracy analysis of Educational Data Mining using Feature Selection Algorithm

Gathering relevant information to predict student academic progress is a tedious task. Due to the large amount of irrelevant data present in databases which provides inaccurate results. Currently, it is not possible to accurately measure and analyze student data because there are too many irrelevant attributes and features in the data. With the help of Educational Data Mining (EDM), the quality of information can be improved. This research demonstrates how EDM helps to measure the accuracy of data using relevant attributes and machine learning algorithms performed. With EDM, irrelevant features are removed without changing the original data. The data set used in this study was taken from Kaggle.com. The results compared on the basis of recall, precision and f-measure to check the accuracy of the student data. The importance of this research is to help improve the quality of educational research by providing more accurate results for researchers.
End-to-End Learning Using Cycle Consistency for Image-to-Caption Transformations

So far, research to generate captions from images has been carried out from the viewpoint that a caption holds sufficient information for an image. If it is possible to generate an image that is close to the input image from a generated caption, i.e., if it is possible to generate a natural language caption containing sufficient information to reproduce the image, then the caption is considered to be faithful to the image. To make such regeneration possible, learning using the cycle-consistency loss is effective. In this study, we propose a method of generating captions by learning end-to-end mutual transformations between images and texts. To evaluate our method, we perform comparative experiments with and without the cycle consistency. The results are evaluated by an automatic evaluation and crowdsourcing, demonstrating that our proposed method is effective.
Triple-drug chemotherapy regimens in combination with an anti-EGFR agent in metastatic colorectal cancer - prospects from phase II clinical trials

ABSTRACT Introduction: The addition of monoclonal antibody (mAb) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors to classic chemotherapy doublet backbones has improved survival of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the role of triple-drug chemotherapy regimens in combination with an anti-EGFR mAb inhibitor is not yet clear. Areas covered: The activity of triple-drug chemotherapy regimens when combined with an anti-EGFR mAb in mCRC patients is examined. We describe the overall safety and tolerability profiles based on a literature review of all published phase I and II clinical trials in this setting. Drug exposure, tumor mutational status, and metastases resectability are discussed. A review of PubMed and abstracts of major oncology congresses from 2009 to 2018, with MeSH and full-text search terms for clinical trials of anti-EGFR for ‘metastatic’ or ‘advanced’ ‘colorectal cancer/adenocarcinoma’ was implemented. Only English language publications were included. Expert opinion: Efficacy data from phase II trials are promising, but the safety profiles are not as encouraging; the development of severe diarrhea and acneiform rash limit the drug exposure that is critical for improved outcomes. Phase II studies of these triplet chemotherapy/anti-EGFR mAb combinations have focused on conversion therapy in liver-limited disease or in the first-line setting in advanced disease. The identification of biomarkers of response and toxicity may support the use of personalized medicine and more precise design of phase III trials. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03231722. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02980510. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01442935. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02063529. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01802645. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02515734.
Distributed Estimation and Control of Node Centrality in Undirected Asymmetric Networks

Measures of node centrality that describe the importance of a node within a network are crucial for understanding the behavior of social networks and graphs. In this article, we address the problems of distributed estimation and control of node centrality in undirected graphs with asymmetric weight values. In particular, we focus our attention on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-centrality, which can be seen as a generalization of eigenvector centrality. In this setting, we first consider a distributed protocol where agents compute their <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-centrality, focusing on the convergence properties of the method; then, we combine the estimation method with a distributed iteration to achieve a consensus value weighted by the influence of each node in the network. Finally, we formulate an <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-centrality control problem, which is naturally decoupled, and thus, suitable for a distributed setting and we apply this formulation to protect the most valuable nodes in a network against a targeted attack, by making every node in the network equally important in terms of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-centrality. Simulations results are provided to corroborate the theoretical findings.
Direct Generation of Tunable Orbital Angular Momentum Beams in Microring Lasers with Broadband Exceptional Points

Non-Hermitian exceptional points (EPs) represent a special type of degeneracy where not only the eigenvalues coalesce, but also the eigenstates tend to collapse on each other. Recent studies have shown that in the presence of an EP, light-matter interactions are profoundly modified, leading to a host of novel optical phenomena ranging from enhanced sensitivity to chiral light transport. As of now, however, in order to stabilize a system at the vicinity of an exceptional point, its related parameters must be carefully tuned and/or continuously controlled. To overcome this limitation, here we introduce a new family of broadband exceptional points based on unidirectional coupling, implemented by incorporating an Sshaped waveguide in a microring cavity. In active settings, the resulting unidirectionality exhibits unprecedented resilience to perturbations, thus providing a robust and tunable approach for directly generating beams with distinct orbital angular momentum (OAM). This work could open up new possibilities for manipulating OAM degrees of freedom in applications pertaining to telecommunications and quantum computing, while at the same time may expand the notions of non-Hermiticity in the orbital angular momentum space.
International NGOs and impact assessment. Can we know we are making a difference?

This paper examines how Save the Children—an international non-governmental organisation (INGO)—assesses the changes it has brought about in children's lives around the globe. The paper begins with a discussion of the role of INGOs. It moves on to examine how we know we are making a difference and gives an explanation of ‘Global Impact Monitoring’—the framework that Save the Children uses to plan and assess its impact as well as to determine how this impact came about, or to put it another way, to determine ‘best practice’. The paper explains that Save the Children has chosen this system because it reflects a rights-based approach to development and encourages a culture of reflection and learning. The rest of the paper discusses factors that help and hinder the organisation's ability to assess its impact, with practical examples given throughout. The discussion covers a variety of topics, including: how to involve stakeholders (those directly involved in, and those that have an interest in our work, including staff, governments, communities, and most importantly, children and young people) in measuring and analysing what changes Save the Children has created and how these changes came about; how to build monitoring and data analysis into the programme planning cycle; how to ensure sufficient time and resources are allocated for data collection and analysis; how to measure things that are hard, if not impossible, to measure; and, how to measure change at a global level. The paper finishes with a discussion of how to improve things in the future, concentrating on how to build a learning culture within organisations with sufficient resources and incentives to change the way we think about, and practise, development.
Anti-Turing Machine

The invention of CPU-centric computing paradigm was incredible breakthrough of computer science that revolutionized our everyday life dramatically. However, the CPU- centric paradigm is based on the Turing machine concept and, as a result, expensive and power-hungry data transferring between the memory and CPU core is inevitable operation. Anti-Turing machine paradigm can be based on two fundamental principles: (1) data-centric computing, and (2) decentralized computing. Anti-Turing machine is able to execute a special type of programs. The commands of such program have to be addressed to the 2D or 3D persistent memory space is able to process data in-place. This program should not define the position or structure of data but it has to define the goal of data processing activity. Generally speaking, it needs to consider the whole memory space like the data transformation space. But the data placement, particular algorithm implementation, and strategy of algorithm execution are out of scope of the program.
Baricitinib: The Second FDA-Approved JAK Inhibitor for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of baricitinib, a recently approved selective Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and explore its potential role in therapy. Data Sources: Articles were identified using a PubMed search from inception through January 2019 using the terms rheumatoid arthritis, Olumiant, baricitinib, and LY3009104, its molecular name. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles relating to randomized clinical trials, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of baricitinib were evaluated. Data Synthesis: Baricitinib exerts its effects by inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2 enzymes, targeting cytokine and growth factor receptor stimulation, thus reducing downstream immune cell function. Four trials have demonstrated the efficacy of baricitinib with or without methotrexate in patients naïve to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and those who had an inadequate response to or intolerance to both conventional and biological DMARDs. Furthermore, baricitinib was associated with delayed radiographic progression. Despite baricitinib 4 mg often demonstrating greater efficacy compared with the 2 mg dose, only the 2 mg dose is Food and Drug Administration approved because of safety concerns with the 4 mg dose, primarily thromboembolism. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Baricitinib provides an oral treatment option for patients failing tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis). Safety, cost, and comparative effectiveness to tofacitinib should be considered prior to prescribing baricitinib. Conclusion: Baricitinib is the second medication in its class and has been proven efficacious for the treatment of RA. Given concerns for adverse effects associated with baricitinib, it should be reserved for patients who have failed one or more TNFis.
1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D exerts an antiaging role by activation of Nrf2‐antioxidant signaling and inactivation of p16/p53‐senescence signaling

We tested the hypothesis that 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3[1α,25(OH)2D3] has antiaging effects via upregulating nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2), reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreasing DNA damage, reducing p16/Rb and p53/p21 signaling, increasing cell proliferation, and reducing cellular senescence and the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3‐deficient [1α(OH)ase−/−] mice survived on average for only 3 months. Increased tissue oxidative stress and DNA damage, downregulated Bmi1 and upregulated p16, p53 and p21 expression levels, reduced cell proliferation, and induced cell senescence and the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) were observed. Supplementation of 1α(OH)ase−/− mice with dietary calcium and phosphate, which normalized serum calcium and phosphorus, prolonged their average lifespan to more than 8 months with reduced oxidative stress and cellular senescence and SASP. However, supplementation with exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 or with combined calcium/phosphate and the antioxidant N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine prolonged their average lifespan to more than 16 months and nearly 14 months, respectively, largely rescuing the aging phenotypes. We demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3exerted an antioxidant role by transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Homozygous ablation of p16 or heterozygous ablation of p53 prolonged the average lifespan of 1α(OH)ase−/− mice on the normal diet from 3 to 6 months by enhancing cell proliferative ability and reducing cell senescence or apoptosis. This study suggests that 1,25(OH)2D3 plays a role in delaying aging by upregulating Nrf2, inhibiting oxidative stress and DNA damage，inactivating p53‐p21 and p16‐Rb signaling pathways, and inhibiting cell senescence and SASP.
Efficient Solar Cells Employing Light‐Harvesting Sb0.67Bi0.33SI

Sb1−xBixSI, an isostructural material with the well‐known quasi‐1D SbSI, possesses good semiconductive and ferroelectric properties but is not applied in solar cells. Herein, solar cells based on alloyed Sb0.67Bi0. 33SI (ASBSI) as a light harvester are fabricated. ASBSI is prepared through the reaction of bismuth triiodide in N,N‐dimethylformamide solution with an antimony trisulfide film deposited on a mesoporous (mp)‐TiO2 electrode via chemical bath deposition at 250 °C under an argon or nitrogen atmosphere; the alloy exhibits a promising bandgap (1.62 eV). The best performing cell fabricated with poly[2,6‐(4,4‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐4H‐cyclopenta[2,1‐b;3,4‐b′]dithiophene)‐alt‐4,7‐(2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole)] as the hole‐transporting layer shows 4.07% in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) under the standard illumination conditions of 100 mW cm−2. The unencapsulated cells exhibit good comprehensive stability with retention of 92% of zjr initial PCE under ambient conditions of 60% relative humidity over 360 h, 93% after 1 sun illumination for 1254 min, and 92% after storage at 85 °C in air for 360 h.
Lightning Attachment to UHV Power Transmission Lines: Effect of the Phase Voltage

The self-consistent leader inception and propagation model is used to analyze the influence of the phase voltage on the attachment of lightning to ultra-high voltage power transmission lines (UHV-TLs). An UHV-ac line with shielding failures reported in the literature is used as a case study. It is shown that the length of upward leaders initiated from conductors and their striking distances are longer under positive voltages than when energized with the opposite polarity. Therefore, the fraction of shielding failures of each conductor changes significantly with the phase angle in ac lines. However, it is found that the overall effect of voltage on lightning attachment can also be limited by the electrostatic screening produced by shield wires and their leaders. This proximity effect mainly reduces the velocity of upward leaders launched from energized conductors. Therefore, the effect of voltage on the lightning attachment process cannot be generalized since it is strongly coupled to the proximity of shield wires and their associated leaders. Thus, the lightning shielding performance should consider case-to-case variations in the upward leader velocity in different UHV-TLs designs, given not only by the line voltage but also coupled to the proximity of other wires and their launched leaders.
A Japanese patient with RAD51‐associated Fanconi anemia

RAD51 is the only identified autosomal dominant gene to date causative of Fanconi anemia (FA) due to dominant negative effects. Only two patients with RAD51‐associated FA have been reported with atypical FA phenotypes without bone marrow failure. We describe a new Asian patient with a novel RAD51 mutation, presenting with multiple congenital anomalies and atypical FA with chromosomal instability. The patient was a 9‐year‐old Japanese girl. She had strabismus, myopia, submucous cleft palate, bilateral hearing impairment, and scoliosis. She also had growth retardation, developmental delay, and severe intellectual disability. We performed trio whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing and identified a de novo RAD51 mutation (c.725A>G, p.Gln242Arg). Isolated lymphocytes from the patient were hypersensitive to chromosomal breakage induced by the DNA cross‐linking agent, mitomycin C. Our detailed phenotypic analysis of the RAD51‐associated atypical FA revealed clinical manifestations from the diverse population and a consistent FA phenotype characterized by chromosome instability, intellectual disability, radial ray abnormality, and microcephaly, but not bone marrow failure.
Learning the relationship between galaxies spectra and their star formation histories using convolutional neural networks and cosmological simulations

We present a new method for inferring galaxy star formation histories (SFH) using machine learning methods coupled with two cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We train convolutional neural networks to learn the relationship between synthetic galaxy spectra and high-resolution SFHs from the eagle and Illustris models. To evaluate our SFH reconstruction we use Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE), which acts as a true percentage error in the low error regime. On dust-attenuated spectra we achieve high test accuracy (median SMAPE = 10.5 per cent). Including the effects of simulated observational noise increases the error (12.5 per cent), however this is alleviated by including multiple realizations of the noise, which increases the training set size and reduces overfitting (10.9 per cent). We also make estimates for the observational and modelling errors. To further evaluate the generalization properties we apply models trained on one simulation to spectra from the other, which leads to only a small increase in the error (median SMAPE $\sim 15{\,{\rm {per\, cent}}}$). We apply each trained model to SDSS DR7 spectra, and find smoother histories than in the $\textsf{vespa}$ catalogue. This new approach complements the results of existing spectral energy distribution fitting techniques, providing SFHs directly motivated by the results of the latest cosmological simulations.
Effects of renal denervation on kidney function and long-term outcomes: 3-year follow-up from the Global SYMPLICITY Registry

Abstract Aims Several studies and registries have demonstrated sustained reductions in blood pressure (BP) after renal denervation (RDN). The long-term safety and efficacy after RDN in real-world patients with uncontrolled hypertension, however, remains unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of RDN, including its effects on renal function. Methods and results The Global SYMPLICITY Registry is a prospective, open-label registry conducted at 196 active sites worldwide in hypertensive patients receiving RDN treatment. Among 2237 patients enrolled and treated with the SYMPLICITY Flex catheter, 1742 were eligible for follow-up at 3 years. Baseline office and 24-h ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) were 166 ± 25 and 154 ± 18 mmHg, respectively. SBP reduction after RDN was sustained over 3 years, including decreases in both office (−16.5 ± 28.6 mmHg, P < 0.001) and 24-h ambulatory SBP (−8.0 ± 20.0 mmHg; P < 0.001). Twenty-one percent of patients had a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Between baseline and 3 years, renal function declined by 7.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 in patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD; eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; baseline eGFR 87 ± 17 mL/min/1.73 m2) and by 3.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 in patients with CKD (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2; baseline eGFR 47 ± 11 mL/min/1.73 m2). No long-term safety concerns were observed following the RDN procedure. Conclusion Long-term data from the Global SYMPLICITY Registry representing the largest available cohort of hypertensive patients receiving RDN in a real-world clinical setting demonstrate both the safety and efficacy of the procedure with significant and sustained office and ambulatory BP reductions out to 3 years.