Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interprofessional education: A facilitator to enhance pain management?

Pain as a multidimensional phenomenon needs to be managed or mitigated interprofessionally. This review aimed to assess the efficiency of interprofessional education on the pain documentation of professionals and on the pain intensity reported by patients. Based upon a systematic search, two randomized controlled trails and two quasi-experimental studies were retrieved. An enhancement in pain documentation following interprofessional education was revealed. Two studies demonstrated no significant changes in patient outcomes, while the other revealed significant improvements. The integration of the results was not feasible due to the various methods of measurement employed in the different studies. More rigorous investigations particularly with a holistic approach are recommended.
Reduced miR-105-1 levels are associated with poor survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) contributes to lung carcinogenesis. The present study performed an in silico analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in different peripheral blood samples from patients with various diseases vs. controls using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database data, and assessed miR-105-1 expression in 32 normal lung and 142 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue samples using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Survival data were calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and a log-rank test. The stepwise forward Cox regression model was performed for univariate and multivariate analyses of independent predictor of overall survival (OS) of patients. The data on in silico and tissue microarray analyses of miRNA expression revealed reduced miR-105-1 expression in different types of human cancer, particularly in NSCLC. The level of miR-105-1 expression was confirmed to be downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues. Reduced miR-105-1 expression was associated with larger tumor size as well as poor OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that reduced miR-105-1 expression and tumor size were independent predictors for OS of NSCLC patients. In conclusion, reduced miR-105-1 expression in NSCLC tissues is associated with poor OS and DFS of NSCLC patients.
SUB-CARRIER BASED WEIGHT TECHNIQUE FOR OFDM SYSTEMS

This paper presents a new method to extend adaptive antenna array techniques to mitigate strong co-channel interference in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. The proposed algorithm uses optimal weights determined from classical methods, and known frequency information, to formulate adaptive weights specific to each sub-carrier. Performance improvements are investigated through computer simulations comparing bit error rate (BER) versus signal to noise ratio. These simulations in near-far scenarios illustrate the importance of the proposed technique. I. I NTRODUCTION OFDM has become one of the prime candidates for fourth generation (4G) mobile technology and ad-hoc networks, because of its ability to achieve high-data rates and immunity to frequency-selective fading in multi-path environments [1]. Adaptive antenna arrays have been incorporated into the OFDM model to mitigate co-channel interference in order to increase capacity and decrease the probability of outage without allocating additional spectrum [2], [3]. However, because of limited frequency band allocations, strong co-channel interference caused by wireless LANs, jammers, and the nearfar effects of ad-hoc networks will intensity in future OFDM systems [4]. Effective interference suppression is therefore a key issue in practical large-scale OFDM wireless networks. In this regard, combining OFDM with adaptive arrays is a logical choice for 4G mobile systems. To develop adaptive spatial processing for OFDM systems, researchers have proposed wideband beamforming schemes to mitigate high powered co-channel interference [4], [5]. These techniques generally comprise a narrowband beamformer, reevaluated for each sub-carrier. To reduce the complexity of the wideband beamformer, sub-carrier clustering has been proposed [5]. However, this approach is sub-optimal due to the resultant wandering of adaptive nulls as a function of the cluster frequencies. This paper presents an accurate algorithm to mitigate strong co-channel interference in OFDM systems with adaptive antenna arrays. Using known frequency bin information and the optimal weights of one narrowband beamformer, individual weights for each sub-carrier are constructed. This frequency sub-carrier based (FSB) technique is significantly less complex when compared to earlier wideband beamforming schemes. As with other work in this area, we assume line of sight communications. II. FREQUENCY SUB-CARRIER BASED WEIGHT TECHNIQUE Consider anM -user,N sub-carrier OFDM system withS receive antenna elements. The transmitted time-domain OFDM symbol representation of the m-th user,l-th sample in then-th block of data can be written as
Unilateral muscle hypertrophy and focal myositis following S1 radiculopathy.

Atypical presentation of S1 radiculopathy in a 53- year-old man is presented. Patient noticed calf swelling associated with pain. Extensive radiological diagnostic procedure and muscle and bone biopsy were performed in order to exclude the presence of tumor. Electromyography of the muscles was diagnostic for radicular lesion of S1 segment. After surgical laminectomy, calf enlargement and pain remained. This case provides further evidence that chronic radiculopathy could be responsible for development of neurogenic muscle hypertrophy and focal myositis, and that careful diagnostic evaluation is needed to exclude asymmetric presentation of systemic neuromuscular condition or tumor. This is the first case describing PET/CT finding in focal myositis associated with lumbosacral radiculopathy.
ChangeDebugger : Automated Detection Of Fault-Inducing Changes Using Bytecode Analysis

Software evolves by modifying the existing programs for adding new features or fixing bugs, instead of building from scratch. However, this process is error-prone because small changes can have colossal non-local effects. This is especially conspicuous in object-oriented programming due to the extensive use of dynamic dispatching and subtyping. Although regression testing can expose unexpected behavior in a modified program, it still takes a significant amount of time and effort to manually debug and identify the root causes for failed tests. In this paper, we propose an approach that automatically pinpoints the responsible edits by analyzing the semantic impact of a set of program changes on bytecode level. To further reduce the effort in manually inspecting the responsible changes, we ranks the changes based on the suspiciousness factor. We have demonstrated our approach on a self-created java program and the result proves that our approach can effectively identify and rank changes responsible for failed test cases.
Influência do ensino nos raciocínios de alunos do 12º Ano em probabilidade condicionada

No presente texto relatam-se alguns resultados de um estudo realizado sobre as respostas e os raciocinios apresentados por alunos do 12o ano em situacoes de probabilidade condicionada, bem como a influencia do ensino regular do conceito de probabilidade condicionada sobre essas respostas e raciocinios. No estudo participaram os alunos de cinco turmas do 12o ano, num total de 115 alunos, a quem foram aplicadas varias questoes de probabilidade condicionada na forma de teste escrito. Em termos de resultados do estudo salienta-se uma aquisicao do conceito de probabilidade condicionada muito pouco profunda, quer antes do ensino do conceito quer depois, o que revela, por um lado, a sua natureza contra-intuitiva e, por outro lado, um impacto muito limitado do ensino regular sobre o seu desenvolvimento. Palavras-chave: ensino, probabilidade condicionada, 12o ano de escolaridade.
Sensitivity Analysis for Nonrandom Dropout: A Local Influence Approach

Summary. Diggle and Kenward (1994, Applied Statistics43, 49–93) proposed a selection model for continuous longitudinal data subject to nonrandom dropout. It has provoked a large debate about the role for such models. The original enthusiasm was followed by skepticism about the strong but untestable assumptions on which this type of model invariably rests. Since then, the view has emerged that these models should ideally be made part of a sensitivity analysis. This paper presents a formal and flexible approach to such a sensitivity assessment based on local influence (Cook, 1986, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B48, 133–169). The influence of perturbing a missing‐at‐random dropout model in the direction of nonrandom dropout is explored. The method is applied to data from a randomized experiment on the inhibition of testosterone production in rats.
The Anticholinergic Drug Scale as a Measure of Drug‐Related Anticholinergic Burden: Associations With Serum Anticholinergic Activity

Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS) scores were previously associated with serum anticholinergic activity (SAA) in a pilot study. To replicate these results, the association between ADS scores and SAA was determined using simple linear regression in subjects from a study of delirium in 201 long‐term care facility residents who were not included in the pilot study. Simple and multiple linear regression models were then used to determine whether the ADS could be modified to more effectively predict SAA in all 297 subjects. In the replication analysis, ADS scores were significantly associated with SAA (R 2 = .0947, P <.0001). In the modification analysis, each model significantly predicted SAA, including ADS scores (R 2 = .0741, P <.0001). The modifications examined did not appear useful in optimizing the ADS. This study replicated findings on the association of the ADS with SAA. Future work will determine whether the ADS is clinically useful for preventing anticholinergic adverse effects.
The safety of thiazolidinediones

Introduction: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached epidemic proportions. Many new therapies have emerged, including thiazolidinediones (TZDs), selective agonists of PPAR-γ, now used as both primary and add-on therapies. Given that T2DM is a lifetime disease, there is a need for assurance that new drugs are both safe and effective. Recent concern about the cardiovascular safety of one of the new drugs, rosiglitazone, is the stimulus for this review. Areas covered: The safety of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone under the headings of liver safety, cardiovascular safety, fluid retention, weight gain and bone fractures is reviewed based on a PubMed search of the years 1997 through June 2010. This review also describes the magnitude of the risks of the TZDs and provides a recommendation on the use of TZDs. Expert opinion: Liver safety is no longer an issue with the TZDs. There are no significant differences between rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in fluid retention, weight gain and bone fractures. However, pioglitazone tends to be cardioprotective while rosiglitazone is cardiotoxic. There is no current justification for prescribing rosiglitazone.
Classifying Burst and Suppression in the EEG of Post Asphyctic Newborns using a Support Vector Machine

A support vector machine (SVM) was trained to distinguish bursts from suppression in burst-suppression EEG, using five features inherent in the electro-encephalogram (EEG) as input. The study was based on data from six full term infants who had suffered from perinatal asphyxia, and the machine was trained with reference classifications made by an experienced electroencephalographer. The results show that the method may be useful, but that differences between patients in the data set makes optimization of the system difficult
Membrane Delivery to the Yeast Autophagosome from the Golgi–Endosomal System

The integral membrane protein Atg9 is delivered to the autophagosome in yeast and mammalian cells. We find that Atg9 does not originate from mitochondria and cannot reach the autophagosome directly from the ER. Instead, pairwise combinations of mutations in Golgi-endosomal traffic components cause defects in Atg9 delivery during starvation.
Clinical Pathology Approaches to Hepatic Injury

Testing the blood for evidence of hepatic damage and dysfunction frequently involves measuring several blood constituents simultaneously to screen for disease. While useful, this approach occasionally leads to apparent disparities between the blood test results, and the results of other diagnostic tests such as histology. In part, these perceived discrepancies may stem from a lack of appreciation for tissue, cellular, and molecular factors that affect the appearance of hepatic disease biomarkers in the blood. Further confusing the matter is that in some instances the mechanisms responsible for the appearance of diagnostic compounds in blood are only partially understood. Many of the known factors that affect hepatic biomarkers are similar to those affecting other tissue markers, while others are unique to the liver, such as those involved with cholestasis. Disease conditions can also cause misleading results by affecting tissue concentrations of test compounds, hepatic mass, and the clearance rate of compounds from the blood. Knowledge of the factors affecting the blood concentrations of biomarkers, as well as investigations into the mechanisms behind changes to hepatic biomarker concentrations, may allow for a better interpretation of blood test results and fewer inconsistencies between diagnostic results.
Intracellular cyclic GMP receptor proteins

Cyclic GMP is recognized as an important intracellular mediator of extracellular signals such as nitric oxide and natriuretic peptides. Cyclic GMP interacts with three types of intracellular receptor proteins: cGMP‐dependent protein kinases, cGMP‐regulated ion channels, and cGMP‐regulated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. This means that cGMP can alter cell function through protein phosphorylation or through mechanisms not directly related to protein phosphorylation. Cyclic GMP appears to regulate a number of intracellular processes, such as vascular smooth muscle relaxation and neutrophil activation, through these receptor proteins in the cell. It is also becoming clear that the localization of these cGMP receptor proteins in the cell is an important factor in the regulation of cell function by cGMP. — Lincoln, T. M. ; Cornwell, T. L. Intracellular cyclic GMP receptor proteins. FASEB J. 7: 328‐338; 1993.
Peptidase activities of the 20/26S proteasome and a novel protease in human brain

Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by ubiquitin‐positive protein aggregates or inclusion bodies. Ubiquitin‐conjugated proteins are degraded by the 20/26S proteasome, and reduced proteasome peptidase activities in brain homogenates have been reported in pathologic lesions of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. However, it is unknown whether crude extracts of human brain contain other proteases having peptidase activities. We found a novel protease of molecular weight of approximately 105 kDa in normal human brain, which exhibited trypsin‐like (T‐L) and chymotrypsin‐like (ChT‐L) activities (corresponding to 52% and 21% of the total activities in crude extracts) but not peptidyl glutamyl peptide hydrolase activity. Both T‐L and ChT‐L activities of this protease were partially inhibited by proteasome inhibitors (MG132, lactacystin) and, in contrast to those of the proteasome, also by sodium dodecyl sulfate. A simple method to obtain a brain fraction specific to the 20/26S proteasome was developed. Our human brain data suggest that T‐L and ChT‐L activity levels of the proteasome reported previously may include those of the 105 kDa protease, an enzyme of as yet unknown biological significance, and that it is necessary to separate the proteasome from this protease to evaluate the actual status of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system in neurodegenerative disorders.
Compassion in psychotherapy: The perspective of therapists nominated as compassionate

Abstract Fourteen therapists nominated by peers as compassionate defined compassion in psychotherapy as connecting with the client's suffering and promoting change through action. They indicated that compassion was broader and deeper than empathy, helps clients feel understood, and relieves symptoms. Although indicating that compassion was innate, therapists felt it could be further awakened. Factors facilitating compassion in therapy were therapists feeling clients’ suffering, understanding client dynamics, identifying with and liking clients, client involvement, and a good therapy relationship. Hindering factors included clients being resistant, being aggressive, having serious pathology, or violating boundaries; therapists having interfering personal issues, feeling incompetent, or having negative reactions to or not liking clients; and a poor therapy relationship. A theory regarding compassion in psychotherapy is proposed.
National use of prescription medications for insomnia: NHANES 1999-2010.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine current patterns and predictors of use of prescription medications commonly used for insomnia (MCUFI) in the U.S. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2010. PARTICIPANTS 32,328 noninstitutionalized community-dwelling U.S. adults. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS WE DEFINED MCUFI USE AS USE OF ANY OF THE FOLLOWING MEDICATIONS IN THE PRECEDING MONTH: benzodiazepine receptor agonists (eszopiclone, zaleplon, zolpidem, estazolam, flurazepam, quazepam, temazepam, triazolam), barbiturates (amobarbital, amobarbitalsecobarbital, chloral hydrate), doxepin, quetiapine, ramelteon, and trazodone. We estimated prevalence of MCUFI use and concurrent use of another sedating medication. We determined predictors of MCUFI use using multivariate logistic regression. Overall, 3% percent of adults used a MCUFI within the preceding month. Zolpidem and trazodone were used most commonly. Overall MCUFI use increased between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010 (P value for trend < 0.001). Concurrent use of other sedating medications was high, with 55% of MCUFI users taking at least one other sedating medication and 10% taking ≥ 3 other sedating medications. Concurrent use of MCUFIs with opioids (24.6%) and non-MCUFI benzodiazepines (19.5%) were most common. After adjustment, adults seeing a mental health provider (aOR 4.68, 95% C.I. 3.79, 5.77), using other sedating medications (aOR 4.18, 95% C.I. 3.36, 5.19), and age ≥ 80 years (aOR 2.55, 95% C.I. 1.63, 4.01) had highest likelihood of MCUFI use. CONCLUSION In this nationally representative sample, reported use of prescription medications commonly used for insomnia (MCUFIs) within the preceding month was common, particularly among older adults and those seeing a mental health provider, with high use of sedative polypharmacy among MCUFI users.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor promotes prolonged survival and the support of virulent infection by African swine fever virus of macrophages generated from porcine bone marrow and blood.

Long-surviving cultures of non-adherent cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage were established from the bone marrow and blood of weanling pigs by culturing cells from these tissues in the presence of recombinant porcine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The cells increased in number, principally during the first 4 weeks of culture, bound monoclonal antibodies recognizing porcine macrophage antigens and avidly phagocytosed latex particles. The GM-CSF generated mononuclear phagocytes were highly infectible [correction of infectable] with a virulent Malawi isolate of African swine fever virus (ASFV) and able to generate levels of virus progeny similar to those produced by freshly isolated pig macrophages. The cultured cells retained their susceptibility to ASFV infection for as long as the cultures survived i.e. for up to 3 months.
Mitochondrial capacity, oxidative damage and hypoxia gene expression are associated with age-related division of labor in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) workers

ABSTRACT During adult life, honey bee workers undergo a succession of behavioral states. Nurse bees perform tasks inside the nest, and when they are about 2–3 weeks old they initiate foraging. This switch is associated with alterations in diet, and with the levels of juvenile hormone and vitellogenin circulating in hemolymph. It is not clear whether this behavioral maturation involves major changes at the cellular level, such as mitochondrial activity and the redox environment in the head, thorax and abdomen. Using high-resolution respirometry, biochemical assays and RT-qPCR, we evaluated the association of these parameters with this behavioral change. We found that tissues from the head and abdomen of nurses have a higher oxidative phosphorylation capacity than those of foragers, while for the thorax we found the opposite situation. As higher mitochondrial activity tends to generate more H2O2, and H2O2 is known to stabilize HIF-1α, this would be expected to stimulate hypoxia signaling. The positive correlation that we observed between mitochondrial activity and hif-1α gene expression in abdomen and head tissue of nurses would be in line with this hypothesis. Higher expression of antioxidant enzyme genes was observed in foragers, which could explain their low levels of protein carbonylation. No alterations were seen in nitric oxide (NO) levels, suggesting that NO signaling is unlikely to be involved in behavioral maturation. We conclude that the behavioral change seen in honey bee workers is reflected in differential mitochondrial activities and redox parameters, and we consider that this can provide insights into the underlying aging process. Summary: Changes in mitochondrial activity and hypoxia gene expression in the head, thorax and abdomen of honey bee workers are associated with the nurse bee to forager transition.
Convexification and Deconvexification for Training Neural Networks

This paper presents a new method of training neural networks including deep learning machines, which is based on the idea of convexifying the training error criterion by the use of the risk-averting error (RAE) criterion. Convexification creates tunnels between the depressed regions around saddle points, tilts the plateaus, and eliminates nonglobal local minima. The difficulties in computing the RAE and its gradient and in selecting the value of its risk-sensitivity index λ are eliminated with the normalized RAE (NRAE). The new method, called gradual deconvexification (GDC), starts with the NRAE with a very large λ, gradually decreases it, and switches to the RAE as soon as the RAE becomes computationally manageable. This way, the gradients of the plateaus in the training error criterion are effectively but not excessively raised. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of GDC as compared with unsupervised pretraining, which is the state of the art in training deep learning machines. After the minimization process is terminated by crossvalidation, a statistical pruning method is used to enhance the generalization capability of the resultant neural network. Numerical results show further reduction of the testing criterion.