Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Atomic Decomposition of H^1 and Interpolation

In [1] Coifman used the Fefferman-Stein theory of HP spaces [4] to decompose the functions of these spaces into basic building blocks (atoms), further clarifying their real variable nature. Coifman and Weiss have provided a comprehensive treatment of these ideas and many applications to harmonic analysis in [2]. In this note, we use the nontangential maximal function Nf to give an elementary proof of the decomposition of H' functions on the line and then characterize the Peetre K-functional for H' and L? in terms of Nf. Let u be the harmonic extension [5] of f to the upper half plane R+. For x E R, denote by F2 = {(z, y) E R+: Ix zl < y} the cone with vertex at x. The nontangential maximal function of f is defined by Nf(x) = sup{Iu(z, y)I: (z, y) E F'}. We define the (real) H' norm of f to be the standard H' norm of u + iv, where v is the harmonic conjugate of u which satisfies v(O) = 0. A classical result of Hardy and Littlewood asserts that JINfIlL1 < clIfIlH1. For an interval I an H'-atom is any function aI such that f a, = 0 and Jail < III-'XI a.e.
Gradual Transformation of Public Interest Theory and its Status in Iranian Constitution Law

Public interest theory in governance and its reflection in Constitution Law are recently emerging in public law literature. Its concept and function differs country-by-country based on governing ideology of the society. Liberal states usually construe this theory by considering individual orientation and social states by society priority. The concept of public interest and the mechanism to achieve it in law and ethics philosophy in general and in Iranian Constitution in particular is a disputing discussion. We assume that any school construes public interest by its selected ideology in law philosophy and political theory. Likewise, by Iranian Constitution Law, it is perceived that respecting expediency especially “system expediency” has broad usage in governance especially upon revolution. Although respecting customary expediency does not seem so surprising.
he role of brachioradialis release during AO type C distal radius racture fixation

Introduction: Open reduction and internal fixation of distal radius fractures often necessitates release of the brachioradialis from the radial styloid. However, whether this common procedure makes the reduction and fixation easier and affects the elbow function has not been fully understood. Hypothesis: Brachioradialis (BR) release during volar plate fixation for type C distal radius fractures makes internal reduction and fixation easier, and it does not adversely affect wrist or elbow function. Material and methods: A total of 74 patients treated with 2.4 mm volar locking compression column plate (VCP) were analyzed for type C distal radius fractures prospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, group A with BR release and group B without BR release. The two groups were compared in terms of “internal reduction and fixation time” during the operation, wrist and elbow function including the scores of Gartland and Werley (G-W), Patient-related wrist evaluation score (PRWE), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) and a Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The radial inclination angle, palmar tilt angle and ulnar variance were also measured from the radiographs. Results: According to the follow-up of the 74 patients, no significant differences were observed between the two groups on MEPS, DASH, G-W, PRWE, VAS and radiological outcomes at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Mean time of reduction and internal fixation was significantly shorter in group A than that in group B. Conclusion: Release of the BR for type C distal radius fractures facilitated the surgical procedure and did not adversely affect elbow and wrist function. ectiv Level of evidence: II, prosp
Børsprospekters indhold af information om videnressourcer

Videnregnskaber og børsprospekter har fællestræk, både hvad angår den kommunikationsopgave de løser, og de oplysninger om virksomhedens videnressourcer og kompetencer, som de indeholder. I denne artikel rapporteres resultaterne af en analyse af danske børsprospekter fra de sidste 10 år. Det vises at indholdet af den type information, som normalt forbindes med videnregnskaber er meget omfattende i børsprospekter og at prospekter fra brancherne IT og medico indeholder langt mere information end brancher som produktion, handel og service.
Fermionic Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorems and weak symmetry-protected phases

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its higher-dimensional generalizations by Oshikawa and Hastings establish that a translation-invariant lattice model of spin-$1/2$'s can not have a non-degenerate ground state preserving both spin and translation symmetries. Recently it was shown that LSM theorems can be interpreted in terms of bulk-boundary correspondence of certain weak symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. In this work we discuss LSM-type theorems for two-dimensional fermionic systems, which have no bosonic analogs. They follow from a general classification of weak SPT phases of fermions in three dimensions. We further derive constraints on possible gapped symmetry-enriched topological phases in such systems. In particular, we show that lattice translations must permute anyons, thus leading to "symmetry-enforced" non-Abelian dislocations, or "genons". We also discuss surface states of other weak SPT phases of fermions.
The Effect of Task-Oriented Sensorimotor Exercise on Visual Feedback Control of Body Position and Body Balance

Purpose. The study evaluates the e"ect of task-oriented sensorimotor exercise on visual feedback control of body position and parameters of static and dynamic balance. Basic procedures. A group of 20 PE students (aged 21.5 ± 1.6 years, height 178.2 ± 10.6 cm, and weight 74.5 ± 11.8 kg) performed task-oriented sensorimotor exercise (20 sets of 60 stimuli with 2 min rest in-between). They had to hit the target randomly appearing in one of the corners of the screen by horizontal shifting of COM in appropriate direction. Response time, distance, and velocity of COP trajectory were registered during standing on unstable spring-supported platform equipped with PC system for feedback monitoring of COM movement. Postural stability was evaluated under both static and dynamic conditions (wobble board). The COP velocity was registered at 100 Hz by means of the posturography system FiTRO Sway Check based on dynamometric platform. Main %ndings. Mean response time signi$cantly ( p ≤ 0.01) decreased from 3100.5 ± 1019.8 ms to 1745.8 ± 584.5 ms. Substantial share of the improvements took place during initial 6 trials. At the same time also mean distance of COP movement signi$cantly ( p ≤ 0.05) decreased from 0.767 ± 0.340 m to 0.492 ± 0.190 m within initial 12 trials and then slightly increased up to 0.591 ± 0.247 m. On the other hand, mean COP velocity signi$cantly ( p ≤ 0.05) increased from 0.285 ± 0.142 m/s to 0.395 ± 0.182 m/s. However, there were no changes in the COP velocity registered in static (from 12.4 ± 1.8 mm/s to 11.9 ± 1.5 mm/s) and dynamic conditions (from 108.0 ± 22.3 mm/s to 101.3 ± 18.1 mm/s). Conclusions. Task-oriented sensorimotor exercise acutely enhances visual feedback control of body position but not static and dynamic balance.
Técnica y resultados del tratamiento endoscópico de las rupturas del glúteo mediano en la cadera

Objetivos: Presentar la técnica y nuestros resultados del tratamiento endoscópico de las rupturas del glúteo mediano. Material y métodos: Revisión prospectiva de 7 pacientes intervenidos por rupturas del glúteo mediano mediante técnica endoscópica. Resultados: Todos los pacientes presentaron mejoría clínica, ausencia de dolor, y recuperación de fuerza (5/5) entre 3 y 6 meses posterior a la intervención quirúrgica, con un seguimiento medio de 12 meses. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endoscópico de las rupturas del glúteo mediano es efectivo y añade menor morbilidad en comparación con la cirugía abierta.
CHAPTER 9 Aquatic Animals

9.1 INTRODUCfION . 9.2 SUBLETHAL TOXICITY 9.3 PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR SUBLETHAL TESTS OF POLLUTANTS (i) Osmoregulation. (ii) Respiration. (iii) Blood . (iv) Locomotion. (v) Growth. (vi) Reproduction 9.4 TERATOGENESIS 9.5 MUTAGENESIS 9.6 CARCINOGENESIS. 9.7 MULTIPLE TOXICITY. (i) Presumptive Mechanisms of Interaction (ii) Multiple Toxixity Models based on Interactions at the Dynamic Level (ill) Multiple Toxicity Models based on Interactions at the Kinetic Level. (iv) Application of Multiple Toxicity Models (v) Cancer (vi) Water Quality Management 9.8 REFERENCES.
TARGET EXTRACTION FROM TWEETS

Twitter is an ocean of sentiments; users can express their opinion freely on a wide variety of topics. The unique characteristics that twitter holds introduce a different level of challenge in the field of sentiment analysis. Identifying the topic or the target of the expressed opinion is the aim of this study; Opinion target recognition is a task that has not been considered yet in Arabic Language. In this paper we propose a method to extract the opinion target from tweets written in Arabic language. The task is carried out in three phases. Phase 1: preprocess the tweet to delete unnecessary entities like mentions and URLs. Phase 2: construct a feature set from tweet words to be used in the classifying phase; these features are part-of-speech, Named entities, English words, tweet hash tags and part-of-speech pattern. Phase 3: Three classifiers are trained using the extracted features, to assign each word in the tweet to be either an opinion target or not, these classifiers are: Naïve Bayes, Support vector machine and k-nearest neighbor, with an F-Measure result reaching 91%. 500 tweets are used for the experiment, where the opinion target was manually tagged. Finally, a comparison between the results of each model is conducted.
Self-powered deep brain stimulation via a flexible PIMNT energy harvester

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely used for neural prosthetics and brain–computer interfacing. Thus far in vivo implantation of a battery has been a prerequisite to supply the necessary power. Although flexible energy harvesters have recently emerged as alternatives to batteries, they generate insufficient energy for operating brain stimulation. Herein, we report a high performance flexible piezoelectric energy harvester by enabling self-powered DBS in mice. This device adopts an indium modified crystalline Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PIMNT) thin film on a plastic substrate to transform tiny mechanical motions to electricity. With slight bending, it generates an extremely high current reaching 0.57 mA, which satisfies the high threshold current for real-time DBS of the motor cortex and thereby could efficiently induce forearm movements in mice. The PIMNT based flexible energy harvester could open a new avenue for future in vivo healthcare technology using self-powered biomedical devices.
Effect of wax and dimethyl silicone oil pretreatment on wood hygroscopicity, chemical components, and dimensional stability

Wood is a renewable and environmental friendly material, but its low dimensional stability characteristics limit its applications. In this study, wax mixed with dimethyl silicone oil was used to enhance the dimensional stability under heat treatment. Samples were heated at 120 °C under 3 impregnation conditions (wax, wax + 20% dimethyl silicone oil, and wax + 40% dimethyl silicone oil) for 3 and 6 h respectively. After treatment the effects of combination pretreatment on wood weight gain percentage (WPG), tangential, radial and volume swelling coefficients (TS, RS, VS), distribution of impregnation liquid, and the types of functional groups of African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii) were evaluated. The results showed that impregnation improved the dimensional stability of wood to a certain extent; moreover, the addition of dimethyl silicone oil improved the modification effect. Furthermore, the VS reduced to 0.66 (±0.28)% in the treatment of wax + 20% dimethyl silicone oil for 6 h. The impregnation liquid mainly adhered to the walls of vessels and ray cells. The hydroxyl absorption intensity of the impregnated groups was lower than that of the control group.
Tuberculous Lesions at Autopsy

Tuberculosis (TB) today remains one of the world's most lethal infectious diseases. Despite the availability of effective treatment for most cases, tuberculosis is still a cause of death in our environment. Some cases of active tuberculosis are not identified until after the patient had died and an autopsy has been performed. This study was done to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in autopsy cases. We analysed all the autopsy cases sent for histopathology over a period of one month. 8.7% cases of active tuberculosis were found in autopsy specimens, of which 60% were males. Tuberculosis was suspected in only 40% of patients before death. Tuberculosis is not an uncommon finding at autopsy for most of autopsy surgeons, but as the cause of death it is not so common. The presence of unspecific symptomatology, insufficient cost-effectiveness of the diagnostic tests and precocious death, are identified as the most frequent causes of undiagnosed tuberculosis. Awareness of tuberculosis and its high prevalence in India is essential for minimising missed diagnoses. Absence of suspicion and delayed diagnosis mean increased risk in health care and at autopsy.
Economic and Political Inequality: The Role of Political Mobilization

This paper analyzes the relationship between economic and political inequality. Beyond the view that inequality reduces turnout we document a non-linear relationship between them. To explain these patterns we argue that parties' strategies to target and mobilize low income voters re ect the level of economic inequality and development. Under high inequality and low development, clientelism becomes the dominant form of political competition and turnout in- equality declines. As societies grow and inequality recedes, clientelism becomes suboptimal and parties turn to mobilize voters around programmatic o erings. As a result, turnout inequality increases. Empirically, we produce two analyses. First, we identify the relationship between political mobilization strategies, inequality and turnout by exploiting the randomized allocation of anti-fraud measures across Brazilian municipalities in the early 2000s. Second, we address the generalizability of our ndings by carrying out a cross-national multilevel analysis of the relationship between inequality, strategies for political mobilization, and turnout inequality.
Time evolution and non-Hermiticity in quantum defect theory

Quantum defect theory (QDT) is widely employed to describe Rydberg states. We show that the effective Hamiltonian employed by QDT is intrinsically non-Hermitian and examine the consequences arising in practical calculations. In particular if the eigenstates are treated in the ‘standard’ manner, i.e. as if the Hamiltonian were Hermitian, unphysical errors may appear, such as the non-unitarity of the time evolution. Although in most cases the degree of non-Hermiticity is small, we give examples involving the autocorrelation function and the time dependence of entanglement generation where non-Hermiticity must be explicitly accounted for to avoid such unphysical errors. This is done by introducing a second basis set forming with the QDT eigenstates a biorthogonal basis. We give practical schemes to construct this basis and discuss how to express physical quantities. We illustrate the formalism by computing the time evolution of the autocorrelation function and of the linear entropy for a model Rydberg system and compare with the results obtained in the ‘standard’ manner.
A flexible blue light-emitting diode based on ZnO nanowire/polyaniline heterojunctions

An organic/inorganic light-emitting diode (LED) consisting of n-type vertically aligned ZnO nanowires (NWs) and p-type proton acid doped polyaniline (PANi) is reported. The device was fabricated on flexible indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. A broad blue light emission band ranging from 390 nm to 450nm was observed in the electroluminescence (EL) spectra of the device, which was related to the interface recombination of electrons in the conduction band of ZnO NWs and holes in the polaron level of PANi. The turn-on voltage of the device is ∼3.5V, lower than most of ZnO NWs based LED devices. In combination with the easy fabrication, flexibility, low power consumption, and mechanical robustness, this novel device is very promising in the application of blue LEDs.
Identifying the roles of the ocean and atmosphere in creating a rapid equatorial response to a Southern Ocean anomaly

Recent research has identified a rapid ocean response mechanism to salinity anomalies in the Southern Ocean using an idealised ocean model. Here we examine the relative importance of the ocean and atmosphere in creating an equatorial response to a Southern Ocean anomaly. Using a coupled climate model with realistic bottom topography and land relief, two rapid teleconnections are produced from a high latitude anomaly. An equatorial ocean response can be seen after 30 days. The mechanism producing this response is shown to rely on barotropic and baroclinic oceanic wave propagation. A second, atmospheric, response is seen in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) high latitudes, driven by atmospheric Rossby waves. The ocean quickly responds to the atmospheric signal above it, resulting in sea surface temperature anomalies at NH high latitudes.
Income Aspirations, Television and Happiness: Evidence from the World Values Survey

This paper argues that television viewing produces higher material aspirations, by enhancing both adaptation and positional effects, thus lowering the effect of income on life satisfaction. Using individual data from the World Values Survey we present evidence indicating that the effect of income on both life and financial satisfaction is significantly smaller for heavy television viewers, relative to occasional viewers. This finding is robust to a number of specification checks and alternative interpretations. Overall, the results can be interpreted as providing an additional explanation for the income-happiness paradox: the pervasive and increasing role of television viewing in people’s life, by raising material aspirations, reduces the effect of income on individual happiness.
Spatial Distance Preservation based Methods for Non-Linear Dimensionality Reduction

The preservation of the pairwise distances measured in a data set ensures that the low dimensional embedding inherits the main geometric properties of the data like the local neighborhood relationships. In this paper, distance preserving technique namely, Sammons nonlinear mapping (Sammon‟s NLM) and Curvilinear Component Analysis (CCA) have been discussed and compared for non-linear dimensionality reduction. Basic principle in both the technique is that local neighborhood relationship is maintained. The results have beencompared for both the techniques on artificially generated data set using MATLAB software. General Terms Neighborhood relationship, Variance, PCA, Manifold, Nonlinear, Convergence.
Contents of partitions and the combinatorics of permutation factorizations in genus 0

The central object of study is a formal power series that we call the content series, a symmetric function involving an arbitrary underlying formal power series $f$ in the contents of the cells in a partition. In previous work we have shown that the content series satisfies the KP equations. The main result of this paper is a new partial differential equation for which the content series is the unique solution, subject to a simple initial condition. This equation is expressed in terms of families of operators that we call $\mathcal{U}$ and $\mathcal{D}$ operators, whose action on the Schur symmetric function $s_{\lambda}$ can be simply expressed in terms of powers of the contents of the cells in $\lambda$. Among our results, we construct the ${\mathcal{U}}$ and ${\mathcal{D}}$ operators explicitly as partial differential operators in the underlying power sum symmetric functions. We also give a combinatorial interpretation for the content series in terms of the Jucys-Murphy elements in the group algebra of the symmetric group. This leads to an interpretation for the content series as a generating series for branched covers of the sphere by a Riemann surface of arbitrary genus $g$. As particular cases, by suitable choice of the underlying series $f$, the content series specializes to the generating series for three known classes of branched covers: Hurwitz numbers, monotone Hurwitz numbers, and $m$-hypermap numbers. We apply our pde to give new proofs of the explicit formulas for these three classes of number in genus $0$. In the case of the $m$-hypermap numbers of Bousquet-M\'elou and Schaeffer, this is the first algebraic proof of this result.
A DSL for Distributed , Reactive Workflows

A typical large-scale, data driven, processing pipeline consists of a great amount of generic components that may be reusable inside other applications. However, there is currently no programming model that makes it possible to reuse existing data driven software components in a cluster-based setting. Offering such a model would promote the reuse of existing software, saving development time. Our work introduces the notion of reactive workflows, a technique that combines concepts from scientific workflows and reactive programming. We investigate the required abstractions to create such a workflow and offer these in a domain specific language, called Skitter. We plan to evaluate this framework based on its expressivity and horizontal scalability. CCS Concepts • Software and its engineering → Domain specific languages; Distributed programming languages; Data flow languages;
A partial 45 MHz sky temperature map obtained from the observations of five ST radars

Abstract. A sky temperature map at 45 MHz covering declination between + 30° and + 60° is presented. The sampling in right ascension is 20 min (~5°) and 2° in declination in most of the map. The originality of the work was to use cosmic emission measurements from five VHF Stratosphere-Troposphere (ST) radars collected during long periods of routine meteorological surveys. This map, which has an accuracy in temperature of about 600 K, is intended first for radar reflectivity calibration and system performance monitoring. The presence of two strong radio sources, Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A, can also serve as the verification of the beam diagram, beam width, and beam pointing direction of the antenna. Finally, this work is an attempt to show the potentiality of ST radar for astronomical purposes. Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (instruments and techniques) – Radio science (radio astronomy)