Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward an enhanced understanding of psychological resilience for HIV youth populations

ABSTRACT Though mother-to-child HIV transmission has been dramatically reduced in the past decade, there are currently an estimated 1.8 million children living with HIV across the globe, and over 30% of all new HIV infections occur among youth ages 15–25. While all youth experience developmental challenges, children and adolescents who are living with HIV must navigate these challenges within the context of high HIV stigma and must cope with a host of psychosocial and health-related challenges. In addition, because HIV disproportionately impacts individuals from minority statuses (e.g., race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality) and people living in poverty, vulnerabilities are often compounded. Resilience frameworks emphasize the capacity for positive adaptation to adversity, and thus provide a useful lens to identify and build upon individual and community strengths. This article introduces a special issue of AIDS Care that examines factors associated with resilience among children and adolescents affected by or living with HIV, as well as innovative interventions designed to build resilience among HIV youth populations. The articles highlighted within this issue examine the possibility of building resilience across diverse settings (e.g., schools, communities, healthcare clinics) and with varied populations (e.g., youth living with HIV, AIDS orphans, young men who have sex with men). We also highlight innovative approaches to resilience-building, including a new mobile Health (mHealth) smartphone game that aims to improve adherence among youth living with HIV in the United States.
SERVICE AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATING USER VALUE AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS IN ECODESIGN

The paper aims at proposing an extended ecodesign framework by incorporating a service aspect in addition to customer, value, system, function, component, and environmental characteristics. It attempts to highlight the importance of an aspect of service: communication for customers or users. The framework is applied to a commercial toilet product that is combined with a service analysing and communicating about the product usage. It is followed by implication to design and management. Note that much insight in the paper can be applied to product design in general, not only to ecodesign.
Yield of Male Touch DNA from Fabrics in an Assault Model

Touch DNA evidence is increasingly being collected and analyzed during criminal investigations. The purpose of this study was to determine if a significant amount of male (suspect) touch DNA can be collected from the clothes of assaulted victims after varying time intervals. A “grab and struggle” model was used to transfer touch DNA materials from human volunteers onto three types of fabrics (cotton, polyester, and a cotton/polyester blend). This was designed to replicate a sexual assault, in which a male acted as an “assailant” and grabbed different fabric covered arm areas of a female volunteer “victim”. Afterwards, three cuttings from each fabric sample were taken and extracted at 12 hours and 7 days post-deposition. The extracts were then quantified using the Quantifiler®Duo DNA quantification kit. The maximum yield of DNA from cotton fabric 12 hours post-deposition was 7 pg/ul and 5 pg/ul for total human DNA and human male DNA, respectively. The limit of detection of the Quantifiler Duo kit is 23 pg/ul, therefore these results are below standard profile detection range. No significant deterioration of DNA yield between the two time intervals (12 hours and 7 days) was observed. Variation between the tested fabrics and the areas of sampling could not be determined due to the very small quantities measured. This study did not find useful amounts of touch DNA on clothes after this assault model. Results are limited by a relatively small sample size and the assault model parameters; however, these results do not support the routine use of touch DNA evidence from clothes in similar assault cases
Student Achievement in New York City Middle Schools Affiliated with Achievement First and Uncommon Schools. Final Report.

This report presents findings from a nonexperimental analysis estimating the effect on student achievement of a small number of New York City charter middle schools affiliated with two charter management organizations, Achievement First and Uncommon. After three years, impacts are statistically significant and substantively meaningful, translating to an estimated additional 0.9 years of growth in math and 0.7 years in reading.
Availability of Cultural Heritage Structured Metadata in the World Wide Web

In the World Wide Web, a very large number of resources is made available through digital libraries. The existence of many individual digital libraries, maintained by different organizations, brings challenges to the discoverability, sharing and reuse of the resources. A widely-used approach is metadata aggregation, where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate the discoverability and use of the resources by collecting their associated metadata. The cultural heritage domain embraced the aggregation approach while, at the same time, the technological landscape kept evolving. Nowadays, cultural heritage institutions are increasingly applying technologies designed for the wider interoperability on the Web. This paper presents a study of the current application by cultural heritage data providers of technological solutions in use for making structured metadata available for re-use in the Internet. We investigated the use of both linked data and technologies related with indexing of resources by Internet search engines. We have conducted a harvesting experiment of the landing pages from websites of digital libraries that participate in Europeana, and collected statistics about the usage these particular technologies. These technologies allow for representing structured data within HTML, or for structured data to be referred to by links within HTML or through HTTP headers capabilities. We conclude with a discussion of future work for establishing a solution for cultural heritage aggregation based on the current situation and the available technologies.
Bad debt issues in Islamic bank: macro and micro influencing (Indonesia cases)

The research aims to test the influence of the variables affecting Non-Performing Financing (NPF) in this case is Financing Debt Ratio (FDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operational Expense Ratio against Operation Income (BOPO), Exchange Rate, Inflation and Real National Income (PDBR). The data analysis method used in this study is multiple regression. Regression analysis method, in addition to measuring the strength of the relationship between two or more variables, also shows the direction of the relationship between the dependent variable with the independent variable The result of processing obtained from the value of R2 adjusted equal to 0,362 which means variation or behavior of independent variable that is FDR, CAR, BOPO, Kurs, Inflation, and PDRB able to explain variations or the behavior of the dependent variable that is NPF equal to 36,2%. The rest is equal to 63,8% are variations or actions of other independent variables that affect the NPF but are not included in the model.
Reply to reviewers comments

This study investigated the aerosol effects on warm convective clouds via the interplay of updraft (w) and effective terminal velocity (eta) using both single cloud model and large eddy simulation (LES). The topic is very interesting and the authors provided detailed analysis on how aerosols affect the evolution of thermodynamic instability of cloud field using both characteristic vertical velocities.
Strengthening the knowledge–policy interface through co-production of a climate adaptation plan: leveraging opportunities in Bergrivier Municipality, South Africa

Despite the growth of adaptation plans and action by municipalities, there are limited examples of opportunities for effectively mainstreaming climate adaptation into policy and practice in local government. This paper uses the experiment of co-producing an adaptation plan for a small municipality in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, to illustrate how opportunities were leveraged. The findings suggest that a shift from strengthening the science–policy interface to the knowledge–policy interface might be more appropriate in the context of adaptation planning that requires an understanding of the local context as well as of global science. In order to align adaptation plans with developmental priorities and to secure support from actors at multiple levels, the integration of multiple knowledge forms, including climate science, should be prioritized. Such a task could be strengthened if co-production is prioritized. Building on these opportunities is critical to scaling up adaptation in local government and building on its transformative potential.
Histopathologic discrepancies between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens in superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms

Endoscopic forceps biopsy results that reflect the final pathologic results of an entire lesion are essential for making accurate diagnoses and appropriate therapeutic decisions for patients with superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms (SESNs). This study investigated the histopathologic discrepancies between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens to elucidate the factors contributing to such discrepancies.
Learning Your Comparative Advantages

We introduce an equilibrium labor market model, where workers gradually learn about their unobserved production abilities. While engaged in a productive activity (occupation), workers observe their output and extract information that allows them to make inferences about their unobserved aptitudes. Because workers are learning about themselves, their output informs them not only about their productivity in their current occupation, but about their likely productivity in other occupations as well. As workers acquire more information, they self-select into the occupations in which they expect to perform best, and their wages increase. Returns to experience here capture improved job selection by workers as they sort through occupations and learn about their productive abilities. Our setup can account for the offsetting worker flows across occupations, the within-occupation wage inequality, as well the decline in the probability of occupational switching as workers grow older, that we observe in the data. We use this framework to investigate whether the interaction of learning and search frictions can lead to further decreases in output. Indeed, an increase in the unemployment rate similar to the one experienced by many European countries in the early 1970s is found to reduce the flow of output per employed worker by 1% annually.
Influence of polymer charge type and density on polyacrylamide ameliorated irrigated furrow erosion

Previous experiments have shown that an initial application of 5-10 g m-3 (5-10 ppm) polyacrylamide to furrow irrigation water during flow advance can substantially reduce sediment loss. This study determined polyacrylamide charge type or charge density influences on furrow erosion. The study area was located near Kimberly, Idaho; soil was Portneuf silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, mesic, Durixerollic Calciorthid); and slope was 1.5%. Polyacrylamides with contrasting charge type (neutral, anionic, cationic) and charge density (0, 8-10, 19-20, 30-35%) were employed in the treatments. Polymers were applied at a concentration of 10 g m-3 (10 ppm) during the initial 30 min of each treated irrigation, and a 10 min additional application was introduced every 4 hrs (twice) during the remainder of the irrigation. Inflow rate was 23 L min-1 (6 gpm) during furrow advance, and 15 L min-1 (4 gpm) for the balance of the irrigation. The nature of charge on the polyacrylamide did influence efficacy of erosion control. On Portneuf soils, the order of effectiveness with respect to PAM charge type was: anionic > neutral > cationic. Within anionic and cationic charge types, polyacrylamide efficacy increased with increasing charge density.
MONITORING OF SANDSTORMS WITH ROCSAT-1 OCI DATA

The Ocean Color Imager(OCI)onboard the ROCSAT-1 Satellite was employed to demonstrate its capability in monitoring sandstorm events around Mongolia and northwestern China where they have been occurring in great frequency over these past few years. The OCI measures the radiance from the visible to near infrared regions in six spectral channels. The radiance can be used to calculate the aerosol optical depth(AOD)of the atmosphere through an atmospheric correction algorithm. The variation in the AOD during January and February of 2001 is investigated in this study. A set of OCI images covering the Yellow Sea was selected for analysis. The results showed that the AOD values increased significantly after the sandstorms erupted, where its value was almost four times higher than before.
Scanning Angle Plasmon Waveguide Resonance Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Thin Polystyrene Films

Scanning angle (SA) Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize thin polymer films at a sapphire/50 nm gold film/polystyrene/air interface. When the polymer thickness is greater than ∼260 nm, this interface behaves as a plasmon waveguide; Raman scatter is greatly enhanced with both p- and s-polarized excitation compared to an interface without the gold film. In this study, the reflected light intensities from the interface and Raman spectra were collected as a function of incident angle for three samples with different polystyrene thicknesses. The Raman peak areas were well modeled with the calculated mean-square electric field (MSEF) integrated over the polymer film at varying incident angles. A 412 nm polystyrene plasmon waveguide generated 3.34× the Raman signal at 40.52° (the plasmon waveguide resonance angle) compared to the signal measured at 70.4° (the surface plasmon resonance angle). None of the studied polystyrene plasmon waveguides produced detectable Raman scatter using a 180° backscatter coll.
Estimation of Value-at-Risk on Romanian Stock Exchange Using Volatility Forecasting Models

This paper aims to analyse the market risk (estimated by Value-at-Risk) on the Romanian capital market using modern econometric tools to estimate volatility, such as EWMA, GARCH models. In this respect, I want to identify the most appropriate volatility forecasting model to estimate the Value-at-Risk (VaR) of a portofolio of representative indices (BET, BET-FI and RASDAQ-C). VaR depends on the volatility, time horizon and confidence interval for the continuous returns under analysis. Volatility tends to happen in clusters. The assumption that volatility remains constant at all times can be fatal. It is determined that the most recent data have asserted more influence on future volatility than past data. To emphasize this fact, recently, EWMA and GARCH models have become critical tools in financial applications. The outcome of this study is that GARCH provides more accurate analysis than EWMA.This approach is useful for traders and risk managers to be able to forecast the future volatility on a certain market.
Can We Measure Sexual Interest in Pedophiles Using a Sexual Distractor Task

Indirect measures of deviant sexual interest have yielded interesting and promising in the field of pedophilic interest. However, further research is needed. A lot of indirect measures are still at the developmental stage regarding clinical application. They do not reach appropriate psychometric criteria or are not yet sufficiently tested for susceptibility to manipulation or deception. Furthermore, for some paradigms, the exact mechanisms underlying the attentional processes are still under discussion. This study aimed to measure sexual interest under cognitive load. With this challenging active task subject’s possibility to manipulate their response to the sexual stimuli should be lower than in easier tasks and in passive designs. Twenty-two pedophiles, seven forensic control subjects and 50 healthy men performed cognitive tasks. Simultaneously, sexually relevant and sexually non-relevant distractors were presented. Meanwhile, their cognitive performance and eye movements were assessed. As expected healthy subjects showed a certain impairment of cognitive performance when sexually relevant distractors were presented to them. They took significantly more time to look at sexual adult distractors than at sexual child distractors. In contrast, both forensic groups performed much poorer than the healthy control group without specificity for certain sexual distractors. While forensic control subjects tended to view adult stimuli longer than those of children, no differences were found for pedophiles. The age preference index for the fixation time differentiated moderately between pedophiles and non-pedophiles. Our design worked well with healthy subjects. Further studies should examine if an individual adaptation of the task difficulty could help to find the expected cognitive performance impairments of pedophiles and forensic subjects when they are presented with certain distractor categories.
Assessing the Preconditions in Establishing an Independent Regulatory and Supervisory Agency in Globalized Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey

Recent financial crises highlight weaknesses in financial markets and the need for regulatory and supervisory bodies (RSB) to improve the stability of financial markets. Currently, international institutions like the IMF and the World Bank place the independent RSB among their principle policy recommendations to developing countries. This paper acknowledges the importance of independent RSB for the proper functioning of financial markets. However, this paper also points out the preconditions to establish independent RSB. Unless certain prerequisites are satisfied, policy recommendations to construct an independent RSB are doomed to fail. The recent Turkish experience is provided as a case study to elucidate this conclusion. This paper first presents the arguments for independent RSB and the policy recommendations in institution building for stronger financial system. Then, the background of Turkish experience for independent RSB is provided. Finally, we analyze the primary reasons for the deficient performance of Turkish RSB over the last five years in an attempt to provide actual lessons for the future institutional reforms.
Vitamin C for Pregnant Smokers to Improve Infant Lung Function. An Orange a Day Keeps the Respirologist Away?

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Compatibility requirements for cars in frontal and side impact

In support of the European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee (EEVC) research programme and through it, the International Harmonisation of Research Activities work on compatibility, TRL is investigating the compatibility of cars in frontal and side impact scenarios. Initial research has focused on identifying the major factors which influence compatibility and determining the extent to which they might influence injury outcome. Experimental crash test research is backed with Finite Element simulation modelling. For frontal impacts, full scale testing has been used to examine the influence of vehicle mass, stiffness, structural interaction and geometry. The modelling work has studied how non contact, deceleration related injuries might be minimised by optimising the deceleration pulse. For side impact, full car finite element models have been used for parametric studies to aid our understanding of the effects of the bullet vehicle mass, geometry and stiffness and to help predict more compatible designs. This has been backed by full scale crash testing, aimed at determining the ideal characteristics of interacting car front and side structures. All of this work is aimed at developing crash test requirements that are capable of assessing a car’s compatibility.
White Coats: A Possible Source of Nosocomial Infections

It has been shown that white coats wore by Medical staff which thought to bring authority and distinction to the medical profession becoming a source of nosocomial transmission of pathogenic microorganisms. In this study we evaluate the different kinds of microorganisms and their intensity present on the white coats of doctors and paramedical staff. In this study we used 100 more than 15 days unwashed white coats which were used and hanged in hospital environment and 100 washed within 15 days and not placed in hospital. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms by wearing coats of Doctors and paramedical staff in a hospital environment as well as a comparison of microbial load also being studied between unwashed & home laundered white coats. In this Cross sectional analysis samples were taken through moist swabs from two different areas of the white coat (Pocket and Sleeves) wearing by doctors and lab staffs in different hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Sample processed in the Microbiology department at Jinnah University for Women according to standard procedures. It was observed that unwashed sleeves and pockets of coats were highly contaminated areas. Bacteria were isolated from the collected samples. In gram positive bacteria 70% Staphylococcus aureus and 30% Staphylococcus coagulase negative bacteria were isolated. In gram negative bacteria 35% Klebsiella, 10% E.coli, 10% Enterobacter, 10% Shigella and 5% Salmonella were isolated while 30% show no growth.
How do carbon cycle uncertainties affect IPCC temperature projections?

Carbon cycle uncertainties associated with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change temperature‐change projections were treated differently between the Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports as the latter focused on concentration‐ rather than emission‐driven experiments. Carbon cycle feedbacks then relate to the emissions consistent with a particular concentration. A valuable alternative is to include all uncertainties in a single step from emissions to temperatures. We use a simple climate model with an observationally constrained parameter distribution to explore the carbon cycle and temperature‐change projections, simulating the emission‐driven Representative Concentration Pathways. The resulting range of uncertainty is a somewhat wider and asymmetric likely range (biased high).