Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cinromide in Epilepsy: A Pilot Study

Summary: Monotherapy with the experimental antiepileptic drug cinromide was evaluated in 11 adult outpatients with uncontrolled partial epilepsy. They were treated with phenytoin for 2 months, cinromide for 4 months, and car‐bamazepine for 4 months. Four patients withdrew from the study during or shortly after crossover to cinromide due to increased seizure frequency or severity. Of the remainder, three preferred carbamazepine, two cinromide, and two phenytoin, based on both seizure control and degree of toxicity. Overall seizure control was not significantly different with any of the three agents, but during cinromide administration secondarily generalized seizure control was uniformly worst and there was also a tendency toward decreased performance on neuropsychological tests. CNS toxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity were prominent during the first month of cinromide treatment, but subsided with time or dose reduction. No abnormalities requiring drug withdrawal were found with laboratory testing. The results suggested, at best, a very limited clinical usefulness for cinromide, and it has been withdrawn from testing by its manufacturer.
A solution to transmission halting in a new flow control method TCP-fox

TCP-fox is a new flow control method for TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) which allows the sender of a connection to send packets over the receive window advertised by the receiver to obtain higher throughput. However, TCP-fox has the problem that it halts sending packets when the receiver uses a receive buffer auto tuning mechanism. In this paper, we investigate the cause of the halting and present a way to avoid it.
Identification of Aspergillus Species Using Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions 1 and 2

ABSTRACT Aspergillus species are the most frequent cause of invasive mold infections in immunocompromised patients. Although over 180 species are found within the genus, 3 species, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, and A. terreus, account for most cases of invasive aspergillosis (IA), with A. nidulans, A. niger, and A. ustus being rare causes of IA. The ability to distinguish between the various clinically relevant Aspergillus species may have diagnostic value, as certain species are associated with higher mortality and increased virulence and vary in their resistance to antifungal therapy. A method to identify Aspergillus at the species level and differentiate it from other true pathogenic and opportunistic molds was developed using the 18S and 28S rRNA genes for primer binding sites. The contiguous internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, ITS 1–5.8S–ITS 2, from referenced strains and clinical isolates of aspergilli and other fungi were amplified, sequenced, and compared with non-reference strain sequences in GenBank. ITS amplicons fromAspergillus species ranged in size from 565 to 613 bp. Comparison of reference strains and GenBank sequences demonstrated that both ITS 1 and ITS 2 regions were needed for accurate identification ofAspergillus at the species level. Intraspecies variation among clinical isolates and reference strains was minimal. Sixteen other pathogenic molds demonstrated less than 89% similarity withAspergillus ITS 1 and 2 sequences. A blind study of 11 clinical isolates was performed, and each was correctly identified. Clinical application of this approach may allow for earlier diagnosis and selection of effective antifungal agents for patients with IA.
OBSERVATION ON METHODS FOR DIRECT VOLUME RENDERING

Direct volume rendering immediately display the datasets into image plane without any intermediate representation. Commonly this method can be classified into image-order techniques represent a backward-mapping scheme and objectorder techniques apply a forward-mapping scheme. By using the image-order methods image is generated pixel-by-pixel casting rays from the view-point through each pixel of the image plane. In contrast to image-order methods, object-order methods loop through the data samples projecting each sample voxel-by-voxel onto the image plane. This paper emphasizes a survey of current direct volume rendering techniques. Through investigations of current literature and systems, we draw an overall picture of significant concepts and ideas. The paper ends with some concluding remarks and suggestions for future development.
Soft spots and their structural signature in a metallic glass

Significance This work demonstrates a structure–property correlation in metallic glasses for the community of amorphous solids. It associates geometrically unfavored motifs, i.e., those most disordered local polyhedral packing structures in a metallic glass, with the soft spots defined from the vibrational modes and correlates them with shear transformation zones composed of atoms with large nonaffine displacements. The statistical correlation established thus ties together the heterogeneity inherent in the amorphous structure with the spatial heterogeneity in the mechanical (elastic and plastic) properties of a metallic glass. In a 3D model mimicking realistic Cu64Zr36 metallic glass, we uncovered a direct link between the quasi-localized low-frequency vibrational modes and the local atomic packing structure. We also demonstrate that quasi-localized soft modes correlate strongly with fertile sites for shear transformations: geometrically unfavored motifs constitute the most flexible local environments that encourage soft modes and high propensity for shear transformations, whereas local configurations preferred in this alloy, i.e., the full icosahedra (around Cu) and Z16 Kasper polyhedra (around Zr), contribute the least.
Software Testing Data Analysis Based on Data Mining

Computer software size continues to grow recently. But it is difficult to collect information to support software development and maintenances. Data mining technology can be used to automatically discover knowledge from software testing data. It is helpful to increase software developing process and improve software quality. At first, correlation analysis is adopted to study the relevance among the software parameters. Subordination ingredients are eliminated; software parameters are pretreated according to parameter correlation. Software size, testing case number and testing defect number are kept down as analysis object. Association rule algorithm can't be applied to deal continuous quantity. Thus testing case density per hundred line and defect density per thousand line are introduced and dispersed to build the analyzing model. Next, Apriori algorithm is used to construct association rule algorithm model. By iterative analysis, construct associations are obtained between testing case density and defect density. Finally, this paper analyzed the construct associations and discussed their purposes.
Hierarchical optimization of parallel applications

In order to allow the efficient implementation of parallel application programs, various design decisions have to be made and implemented. These include the task mapping and schedule, the task granularity as well as decisions concerning code optimizations. The paper describes a hierarchical concept for system design and implementation. The concept has been implemented in the DSPL programming environment, an integrated approach to generate efficient parallel programs from data-flow specifications. It supports the design itself as well as the implementation of the design decisions. In contrast to most programming environments for MIMD systems that simply use a runtime kernel or an operating system to implement the design decisions, the DSPL programming environment actually transforms the application program to implement the design decisions as the task schedule and granularity. In this paper we focus on the hierarchical strategy to compute and implement the design decisions concerning the task schedule. We show how most of the schedule can be decided statically even in the presence of input-dependent program behavior. This results in much lower runtime overhead than incurred with dynamic approaches based on operating systems.
A STUDY ON BIOACTIVE FLUORESCENT COMPOUNDS FROM SELECTED MUSHROOMS AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

Mushrooms have long been appreciated for their flavor, texture, medicinal and nutraceutical attributes. The present study deals with fluorescent bioactive compounds from Armillaria mellea (MTCC 409) and Omphalotus olearius (MTCC 2790). The cultures were obtained from MTCC, Chandigarh and pure mycelial cultures were developed. Time scale studies for the production, extraction, and estimation of fluorescent dyes were carried out and evaluated for their antibacterial activities. A. mellea and O. olearius grown in potato dextrose broth recorded the maximum mycelial dry weight of 5.90 ± 1.12g/50mL and 0.57 ± 0.025 g/50mL respectively on 28 th day. A. mellea and O. olearius mycelium (1000 mg) recorded maximum crude fluorescent dyes in acetone (25.5%) and methanol (55.3%) respectively. Acetone extracts of A. mellea and O. olearius recorded highest zone of inhibition (0.4 cm and 1cm) against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively.
A Study of Different Approaches to Aspect-based Opinion Mining

In recent years, Opinion mining has been an active research area in Text mining and analysis, natural language processing. Opinion mining is the computational study of people’s opinion expressed in written language or text towards entities and their aspects. With the growth of internet, social networking sites, blogs, discussion forums, e-commerce websites have gained a tremendous importance and have provided platform for people to express and share their opinion on entities and their aspects. As opinionated web content is increasing rapidly in the form of reviews, comments, blogs, status updates, tweets, etc. it is practically impossible for people or organization to analyze all opinions at a time to make good decisions. Hence, there is a need for effective automated system to evaluate opinions and generate accurate results. This paper describes opinion mining and focuses on the sub topic aspect-based opinion mining, tasks in aspect-based opinion mining, current stateof-the-art methods used for aspect-based opinion mining, advantages and disadvantages of these methods and latest research challenges in aspect-based opinion mining. Our experimental results based on some of the aspect extraction techniques, gives an idea of which aspect extraction techniques are efficient and yield accurate results in practical opinion mining applications. General Terms Data Mining, Text Mining, Natural Language Processing
Evasion of macrophage scavenger receptor A‐mediated recognition by pathogenic streptococci

PRR recognize conserved structures on pathogenic microbes and are important for the defense against invading microorganisms. However, accumulating evidence indicates that many pathogens have evolved mechanisms to avoid recognition by PRR. One type of PRR is the macrophage scavenger receptor A (SR‐A), which has been shown to play an important role in recognition and non‐opsonic phagocytosis of pathogenic bacteria. The bacterial ligands for SR‐A have been suggested to be LPS or lipoteichoic acid. Here, we use murine bone marrow‐derived macrophages to analyze the role of SR‐A in non‐opsonic phagocytosis of two major Gram‐positive pathogens, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus; GBS) and Streptococcus pyogenes. We show that the polysaccharide capsule of GBS and the surface M protein of S. pyogenes, two important virulence factors, prevent SR‐A‐mediated non‐opsonic phagocytosis of streptococci. The sialic acid moiety of the GBS capsule was crucial for its ability to prevent recognition by SR‐A. Moreover, we show that a ligand on GBS recognized by SR‐A in the absence of capsule is the surface lipoprotein Blr. These findings represent the first example of a microbial strategy to prevent recognition by SR‐A and suggest that bacterial surface proteins may be of importance as ligands for SR‐A.
Vorkommen und Charakterisierung des Toxinbildungsvermögens von Bacillus cereus-Isolaten aus ausgewählten Lebensmitteln

B. cereus, ein sporenbildendes, gram-positives Stabchen, stellt aufgrund der Hitzeresistenz, der Kaltetoleranz und dem Toxinbildungsvermogen ein Problem in der Lebensmitteltechnologie und –hygiene dar. Er wird haufig in geringen Keimzahlen nachgewiesen und ist bei erhitzten Produkten meist der einzige pathogene Keim, der sich insbesondere bei falschem Umgang mit dem Lebensmittel gut vermehren kann. B. cereus ist in der Lage zwei verschiedene Formen von Lebensmittelvergiftungen auszulosen. Die emetische Form wird durch ein ringformiges Dodekadepsipeptid (Cereulid) verursacht, welches praformiert im Lebensmittel vorliegt. Das zweite Krankheitsbild mit dem Leitsymptom Durchfall wird durch Enterotoxinkomplexe (HBL, Nhe) ausgelost. Die Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit dem Vorkommen von B. cereus in starkehaltigen Produkten wie Reis und Nudeln, die oft an durch B. cereus verursachten Lebensmittelvergiftungen beteiligt waren. Des Weiteren wurden Produkte aus der Lebensmittelgruppe „Babynahrung“ sowie Convenience Food-Produkte untersucht. Nach Untersuchung von 203 Lebensmittelproben aus dem Einzelhandel konnte gezeigt werden, dass die untersuchten Produkte haufig mit B. cereus kontaminiert waren. Insbesondere bei Reis (n = 82) und Nudeln (n = 49) konnten sehr hohe Kontaminations-frequenzen von 88 % bzw. 92 % festgestellt werden. Allerdings erwiesen sich die meisten Produkte nur als sehr geringgradig kontaminiert. So wurden lediglich in 33 Fallen Keimzahlen zwischen 10 und 100 Keimen/g detektiert und nur in acht Fallen waren uber 100 Keime/g in den Lebensmittelproben enthalten. Der Maximalwert lag bei 300 Keimen/g. Nach den vorliegenden Ergebnissen ist fur die untersuchten Produkte bei unmittelbarem Verzehr das Verbraucherrisiko als gering einzustufen. So wurde zwar in bis zu 92 % der Proben (Nudeln) B. cereus gefunden, allerdings in Mengen, die ublicherweise keine Erkrankung hervorrufen. Lediglich in drei Proben wurden Stamme mit emetischen Toxinbildungsvermogen nachgewiesen. Generell ist auf den richtigen Umgang mit den Lebensmitteln zu achten, da eine Keimvermehrung, die letztendlich zu einer Lebensmittelvergiftung fuhren kann, bereits bei Raumtemperatur stattfindet.
PID-Based Bit Allocation Strategy for H.264/AVC Rate Control

To achieve the best visual quality under the minimum bit rate and the limited buffer size, the rate control allocates appropriate and smooth bits to each frame. This brief proposes an effective bit-allocation strategy for the H.264/Advanced Video Coding rate control. Based on the different characteristics of intraframes and interframes, we introduce the different bit-allocation approaches for them, respectively. A proportional-integer-derivative controller is adopted to minimize the deviation between the target buffer level and the current buffer fullness. To avoid buffer overflow or underflow, a novel setting method for the bit-allocation boundary is presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed bit allocation strategy achieves smooth target bits while better buffer control and visual quality are derived.
A child chronic cough-specific quality of life measure: development and validation

Background Quality of life (QoL) measures are an important patient-relevant outcome measure for clinical studies. Cough is the most common symptom that results in new medical consultations. Although adult and parent-proxy cough-specific QoL instruments have been shown to be a useful cough outcome measure, no suitable cough-specific QoL measure for children with chronic cough exists. We report on the statistical properties of a chronic cough-specific QoL (CC-QoL) questionnaire for children. Method 130 children (median age 10 years, IQR 8–12 years; 65 girls) participated. A preliminary 37-item version was developed from conversations with children with chronic cough (>4 weeks). Children also completed generic QoL questionnaires (Pediatric QoL Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS)) and cough diary scores. Results The clinical impact method of item reduction resulted in 16 items that had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.94) among these items and also within each domain. Evidence for construct and criterion validity was established with significant correlations between CC-QoL subscales with cough scores, PedsQL and SCAS scores. CC-QoL scores were sensitive to change following an intervention and significant differences were noted between those children coughing and those who had ceased coughing. Minimum important difference (MID) for overall and domain CC-QoL ranged from 0.37–1.36 (distribution-based approach) to 1.11–1.58 (anchor-based approach). Conclusions Chronic cough significantly impacts the QoL of children. The CC-QoL is a reliable, valid and sensitive to change outcome measure that assesses QoL from the child's perspective. Pending data from a confirmatory cohort, a MID for the CC-QoL of 1.1 is recommended when evaluating health status change.
Eliminating bottlenecks on parallel systems using adaptive objects

Dynamic method replacement is a new technique to eliminate bottlenecks (e.g., around a root of tree structure) using adaptive objects for concurrent accesses. The technique eliminates the frequency of mutual exclusion and remote message passing by dynamically increasing the number of read only methods and the immutable part of objects. The results of performance measurements on both shared memory and distributed memory parallel architectures indicate the effectiveness of our approach to bottleneck elimination.
Improvement of speech recognition results by a combination of systems

The aim of this study is to suggest an algorithm that combines two speech recognition systems. These systems differ in the methods used in the feature extraction stage, but they have the same classifier Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The first system uses Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), the second one uses Linear Prediction Cepstrum Coefficients (LPCC), and the third system uses Perceptual Linear Predictive (PLP) features. The combination algorithm is applied separately on each couple of systems. The study is implemented on a data set that consists of the four voice commands: “shutdown”, “documents”, “restart”, and “net” pronounced by 33 people. In addition to the improvement of the speech recognition rate for isolated words, the study aimed to determine the most complementary couple of systems through studying two kinds of errors: simultaneous and dependent errors. The system depending on MFCC features provided the highest recognition rate with 85.44%. The results showed noticeable improvement of combined systems in comparison with the individual systems where combining MFCC & PLP provided the highest recognition rate with 93.44%.
The Clinical and Neuroendocrine Features of Psychotic Depression

The authors compared 65 patients with major depression and psychotic features to 192 patients with major depression and no psychotic features in terms of clinical features, family history, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis function. In accord with other studies, patients with psychotic depression were more likely to have bipolar depression, psychomotor disturbance, a family history of schizophrenia, and a more severely disordered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Whether psychotic depression is best considered apart from nonpsychotic depression or as simply a more severe form of depression remains unsettled. Nevertheless, research to date does give the diagnosis of psychotic depression a practical significance which is enhanced by its simplicity.
Mobilization of GLUT4 from intracellular vesicles by insulin and K 1 depolarization in cultured H 9 c 2 myotubes

Yu, Bo, Laurie A. Poirier, and Laura E. Nagy. Mobilization of GLUT-4 from intracellular vesicles by insulin and K1 depolarization in cultured H9c2 myotubes. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Endocrinol. Metab. 40): E259–E267, 1999. —The insulinresponsive glucose transporter, GLUT-4, moves from an intracellular compartment to the cell surface in response to insulin and/or muscle contraction. Treatment of H9c2 myotubes with insulin significantly increased uptake of 2-deoxyglucose. Depolarization of the myotubes by increasing extracellular [K1], which mimics the initial phases of excitation-contraction coupling, also increased 2-deoxyglucose uptake. The K1but not insulin-evoked increase was blocked by dantrolene, an inhibitor of Ca21 release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, blocked insulinbut not K1-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Increased glucose uptake in response to insulin or K1 depolarization was associated with increased GLUT-4 in plasma membranes and depletion of a population of small intracellular GLUT-4-containing vesicles. Similarly, in H9c2 cells transfected with c-myc-tagged GLUT-4, translocation of c-myc GLUT-4 to the cell surface was increased after stimulation with insulin or K1 depolarization. Taken together, these data demonstrate that insulin and K1 depolarization increase glucose uptake by recruiting GLUT-4 from intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane of H9c2 myotubes via distinct signaling mechanisms.
Política cambiaria en un proceso de ajuste ordenado

El debate publico sobre la politica cambiaria de Colombia en el periodo reciente se oscurece con frecuencia por comentarios superficiales que impiden ver con pragmatismo las disyuntivas que enfrentan las autoridades en este frente. Para algunos analistas de la coyuntura colombiana, el esquema de banda cambiaria que mantuvo el Banco de la Republica durante varios anos se identifica virtualmente con el demonio causante de todos los males de la economia. Para ellos, la banda cambiaria fue la culpable de las altas tasas de interes, de la recesion y del desempleo, mientras la crisis financiera internacional y los propios desajustes macroeconomicos internos y externos tuvieron un papel apenas marginal en la explicacion de esos fenomenos. El proposito de este corto articulo es tratar de desvirtuar algunas de esas interpretaciones y resaltar varios aspectos positivos de la politica cambiaria que se ha adelantado en los ultimos anos.
Contemporary Patterns of Spontaneous Labor With Normal Neonatal Outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To use contemporary labor data to examine the labor patterns in a large, modern obstetric population in the United States. METHODS: Data were from the Consortium on Safe Labor, a multicenter retrospective study that abstracted detailed labor and delivery information from electronic medical records in 19 hospitals across the United States. A total of 62,415 parturients were selected who had a singleton term gestation, spontaneous onset of labor, vertex presentation, vaginal delivery, and a normal perinatal outcome. A repeated-measures analysis was used to construct average labor curves by parity. An interval-censored regression was used to estimate duration of labor, stratified by cervical dilation at admission and centimeter by centimeter. RESULTS: Labor may take more than 6 hours to progress from 4 to 5 cm and more than 3 hours to progress from 5 to 6 cm of dilation. Nulliparous and multiparous women appeared to progress at a similar pace before 6 cm. However, after 6 cm, labor accelerated much faster in multiparous than in nulliparous women. The 95th percentiles of the second stage of labor in nulliparous women with and without epidural analgesia were 3.6 and 2.8 hours, respectively. A partogram for nulliparous women is proposed. CONCLUSION: In a large, contemporary population, the rate of cervical dilation accelerated after 6 cm, and progress from 4 cm to 6 cm was far slower than previously described. Allowing labor to continue for a longer period before 6 cm of cervical dilation may reduce the rate of intrapartum and subsequent repeat cesarean deliveries in the United States. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III