Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION NO. 1 CLIMATE CHANGE INDUCED VEGETATION SHIFTS IN THE PALEARCTIC REGION

Global average temperature has increased and prec ipitation pattern has altered over the past 100 years due to increases in greenhouse gases. The e c anges will alter numerous site factors and biochemical processes of vegetative communities suc h as nutrient and water availability, permafrost thawing, fire regime, biotic interactions and invas ion. As a consequence, climate change is expected t o alter distribution ranges of many species and commu nities as well as boundaries of biomes. Shifting of species and vegetation zones northwards and upwards in elevation has already been observed. Besides, several experiments have been conducted and simulat ons have been run all over the world in order to predict possible range shifts and ecological risks. In this paper, we review literature available in W eb of Science on Europe and boreal Eurasia and give an ov erview of observed and predicted changes in vegetation in these regions. The main trends includ e a vance of the tree line, reduction of the alpine vegetation belt, drought risk, forest diebacks, a s hift from coniferous forests to deciduous forests a nd invasion. It is still controversial if species migr ation will be able to keep pace with climate change .
Growth and Survival Rates of Lactobacillus plantarum in Thai Cereal Cultivars

In this study, the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 in different kind of cereal extracts was determined during fermentation and storage. During storage at 4°C for 144 h, fermented Plai Ngahm Prachin Buri rice extract exhibited the highest survival rate of 94.91% which was significant difference (P<0.05) from other fermented cereal extracts. Whereas, the highest survival rate of the strain stored at 37°C for 60 h was detected in fermented black glutinous rice extract (83.40% survival rate). Furthermore, the stability of the strain could be considered in a term of the specific rate of degradation (k). The lowest k value of 0.0034 h-1 and 0.0181 h-1 was also observed in fermented Plai Ngahm Prachin Buri rice extract storage at 4°C and fermented black glutinous rice extract storage at 37°C, respectively. Total reducing sugar and free amino nitrogen evolution of all fermented cereal extracts decreased over the course of storage period.
On the vibration problem for an elastic body surrounded by a slightly compressible fluid

Nous considerons le probleme de vibration d'un corps elastique borne plonge dans un fluide ideal de petite compressibilite (associe au petit parametre e→0) dans le cadre de la theorie de la diffusion (scattering). Nous montrons que les frequences de scattering convergent lorsque e→0 vers les frequences propres du probleme autoadjoint correspondant a un fluide incompressible. Le comportement asymptotique des frequences propres pour e petit est obtenu via le theoreme de fonctions implicites. Nous donnons aussi certains resultats experimentaux et des considerations generales sur le probleme physique
Sulforaphane and total phenolics contents and antioxidant activity of radish according to genotype and cultivation location with different altitudes.

Sulforaphane (SFN) and total phenolics (TPC) contents and antioxidant activity (AA) were analyzed from 13 radish genotypes (Rhaphanus sativus L.), cultivated at 3 locations with different altitudes (Gangneung: asl 5 m, Jinbu: asl 550 m, and Daegwallyeong: asl 750 m). SFN varied greatly from 0.1 to 120.5 ㎍ㆍg? ¹ in dry weight test and was significantly affected by location (P≤0.001), genotype (P≤0.001) and location×genotype interaction (P≤0.01). Radishes, cultivated at Daegwallyeong site, showed higher SFN than those of other locations. Among different genotypes, the root of ‘lack radish’and leaves of ‘Purunmu’of Daegwallyeong had the highest SFN (107.8 and 120.5 ㎍ㆍg? ¹, respectively). TPC in root was affected by genotype (P≤0.001), and location×genotype interaction (P≤0.01), but not by location. In leaves, TPC was affected by location (P≤0.01), genotype (P≤0.001), and location×genotype interaction (P≤0.001). AA expressed as electron donating ability was significantly influenced by location, genotype and location×genotype interaction and correlated positively with TPC (Pearson’s r=0.897) in root. These results suggest that radish could be a good source of functional food and high altitude location such as Daegwallyeong has potential for the production of radish with high content of health promoting factors.
Seasonal patterns of sedimentary carbon and anaerobic respiration along a simulated eutrophication gradient

Concentrations of organic carbon and rates of dissin~ilative sulfate reduction in surface sediments of marine mesocosms were examined along an experimental eutrophication gradient. Phytoplankton biomass increased due to addition of inorganic nutrients (N. P, Si). This increase was especially pronounced during the winter-spring diatom blooms, which increased in magnitude and duration along the nutrient gradient. Net system production in winter and spring resulted in carbon deposition and accumulation in surface sediments (maximum net accumulation 17 m01 C m-'). Benthic remineralization of cdrbon exceeded depositional supply during summer and fall. Sediment carbon concentrations approached background levels in December and February, suggesting very little annual accun~ulation of sediment carbon Sediment oxygen consumption and suifate reduction rates both increased as a result of carbon sedimentation. Sulfate reduction rates in organic enriched sedunents were an order of magnitude higher than control and were correlated with temperature and carbon concentrations ( r 2 = 0.85). Anaerobic respiration rates in unenriched sediments were related only to seasonal patterns of temperature (r2 = 0.70). Anaerobic metabolism was the dominant metabolic pathway in control and treated sediments, with 50 to 70% of annual carbon remineralization due to sulfate reduction.
A critical review of habitat use by feral cats and key directions for future research and management

Abstract. Feral cats (Felis catus) have a wide global distribution and cause significant damage to native fauna. Reducing their impacts requires an understanding of how they use habitat and which parts of the landscape should be the focus of management. We reviewed 27 experimental and observational studies conducted around the world over the last 35 years that aimed to examine habitat use by feral and unowned cats. Our aims were to: (1) summarise the current body of literature on habitat use by feral and unowned cats in the context of applicable ecological theory (i.e. habitat selection, foraging theory); (2) develop testable hypotheses to help fill important knowledge gaps in the current body of knowledge on this topic; and (3) build a conceptual framework that will guide the activities of researchers and managers in reducing feral cat impacts. We found that feral cats exploit a diverse range of habitats including arid deserts, shrublands and grasslands, fragmented agricultural landscapes, urban areas, glacial valleys, equatorial to sub-Antarctic islands and a range of forest and woodland types. Factors invoked to explain habitat use by cats included prey availability, predation/competition, shelter availability and human resource subsidies, but the strength of evidence used to support these assertions was low, with most studies being observational or correlative. We therefore provide a list of key directions that will assist conservation managers and researchers in better understanding and ameliorating the impact of feral cats at a scale appropriate for useful management and research. Future studies will benefit from employing an experimental approach and collecting data on the relative abundance and activity of prey and other predators. This might include landscape-scale experiments where the densities of predators, prey or competitors are manipulated and then the response in cat habitat use is measured. Effective management of feral cat populations could target high-use areas, such as linear features and structurally complex habitat. Since our review shows often-divergent outcomes in the use of the same habitat components and vegetation types worldwide, local knowledge and active monitoring of management actions is essential when deciding on control programs.
Variations of the total electron content in the ionosphere from GPS data recorded during the Hector Mine earthquake of October 16, 1999, California

The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential resources of GPS monitoring during the recording of potential earthquake precursors using the Hector Mine earthquake that occurred in California, USA, in October 16, 1999. This event was chosen because at the time of this fairly large earthquake (M=7.1) a dense network of ground-based GPS stations was operating, thus providing a fairly high spatial resolution. This paper offers a detailed analysis of the total electron content (TEC) over a fairly long time interval including the time of the earthquake (October 13 to 18, 1999). Examined in this research is the potential manifestation in the TEC data of the well-known seismo-ionospheric effects: quasiregular changes in the ionospheric parameters and internal gravity wave generation. However, our analysis showed that the observed TEC variations seem to have been controlled by the local time and by fairly moderate geomagnetic activity instead of being associated with any expected processes that usually accompany the process of earthquake preparation. Also discussed in this paper are the prospects of detecting small-scale ionospheric heterogeneities that are supposed to arise in the course of earthquake preparation, as follows from our special measurements of the magnitude and phase flickering of GPS signals.
Word Sense Discrimination: A Gangplank Algorithm

English. In this paper we present an unsupervised, graph-based approach for Word Sense Discrimination. Given a set of text sentences, a word co-occurrence graph is derived and a distance based on Jaccard index is defined on it; subsequently, the new distance is used to cluster the neighbour nodes of ambiguous terms using the concept of “gangplanks” as edges that separate denser regions (“islands”) in the graph. The proposed approach has been evaluated on a real data set, showing promising performance in Word Sense Discrimination. Italiano. L’obiettivo di questo articolo è descrivere un approccio di clustering non supervisionato e basato su grafi per individuare e discriminare i differenti sensi che un termine può assumere all’interno di un testo. Partendo da un grafo di cooccorrenze, vi definiamo una distanza fra nodi e applichiamo un algoritmo basato sulle “passerelle”, cioè archi che separano regioni dense (“isole”) all’interno del grafo. Discutiamo i risultati ottenuti su un insieme di dati composto da tweet.
COUPLING MATRIX DECOMPOSITION IN DESIGNS AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE FILTERS

The relationship between the immittance inverter co- e-cients and the coupling coe-cients is obtained under the non- resonating coupling condition. With the relationship and the deter- minant properties of the transformation matrix, the coupling matrix could be decomposed to many sub-matrixes for fllter designs. The physical signiflcance of the decomposition is discussed. Using this idea, a fllter can be decomposed to a number of sub-fllters, which could be connected by sections of transmission lines with the same characteris- tics kept.
Relativistic scalar particle subject to a confining potential and Lorentz symmetry breaking effects in the cosmic string space–time

The behavior of a relativistic scalar particle subject to a scalar potential under the effects of the violation of the Lorentz symmetry in the cosmic string space–time is discussed. It is considered two possible scenarios of the Lorentz symmetry breaking in the CPT-even gauge sector of the Standard Model Extension defined by a tensor (KF)μναβ. Then, by introducing a scalar potential as a modification of the mass term of the Klein–Gordon equation, it is shown that the Klein–Gordon equation in the cosmic string space–time is modified by the effects of the Lorentz symmetry violation backgrounds and bound state solution to the Klein–Gordon equation can be obtained.
Design a Biodegradable Hydrogel for Drug Delivery System

Abstract— In this article, we synthesize a novel chitosan -based superabsorbent hydrogel via graft copolymerization of mixtures acrylic acid (AA) and N-vinyl pyrollidon onto chitosan backbones. The polymerization reaction was carried out in an aqueous medium and in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator and N , N' -methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker.The hydrogel structures were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The swelling behavior of these absorbent polymers was also investigated in various salt solutions. Results indicated that the swelling capacity decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the swelling medium. Furthermore, the swelling of superabsorbing hydrogels was examined in solutions with pH values ranging between 1.0 and 13.0. It showed a reversible pH-responsive behavior at pHs 2.0 and 8.0. This on-off switching behavior makes the synthesized hydrogels as an excellent candidate for controlled delivery of bioactive agents. Keywords—
Amphibians’ response to the lunar synodic cycle—a review of current knowledge, recommendations, and implications for conservation

The way in which amphibians respond to the geophysical changes brought about by the lunar synodic cycle is a neglected area of their ecology, but one which has recently generated interest. Knowledge of how amphibians respond to lunar phase is of intrinsic interest and also may be important for conservation and monitoring of populations. We surveyed the literature on amphibians’ responses to the lunar cycle and found 79 examples where moon phase in relation to amphibian behavior and ecology had been studied, across diverse amphibian taxa. Of the examples reviewed, most of them show some type of response to lunar phase, with only a few species being unaffected. We found that there is no significant difference between the numbers of species which increase, and those that decrease activity or reproductive behavior (including calling) during a full moon. The responses to the lunar cycle can not be generalized across taxonomic group, but instead are highly species specific and relate directly to the species’ ecology. The primary reasons for changes in amphibian behavior in response to the lunar cycle appear to be temporal synchronization of breeding and predator avoidance. Responses to changes in prey availability, facilitation of visual signalling and use of lunar cues in navigation and homing are less prevalent but merit further investigation. Comparisons between studies are hampered by differences in field and analytical methods; we therefore make a number of recommendations for future collection and analysis of data related to lunar phase.
A high-speed dp-matching algorithm based on frame synchronization, beam search and vector quantization

This paper discusses the high-speed DP-matching as the speech recognition algorithm including connected word sequence recognition. The first improvement is the frame synchronization. By this elaboration, an improvement of the speed by approximately one order of magnitude is achieved, compared with the consecutive word recognition of two-level DP-matching type, where DP-matching is iterated by assuming that any time in the input speech can be the word boundary. The second improvement is the introduction of the beam search. This paper discusses the practical aspects of combining the beam search and DP-matching. The discussion includes the construction of the work area, control of DP recursive expression and other problems, aiming at an effective reduction of the computational complexity for the recursive expression. The third improvement is the built-in vector quantization. It is shown that an effective reduction of the computational complexity for the local distance can be produced through a skillful integration of the beam search and the vector quantization. Through an evaluation experiment for the discrete word, it is seen that there is a possibility of achieving the speed improvement by a factor of 30. This corresponds to the speed improvement of two or more orders of magnitude, compared with the two-level DP-matching for the consecutive word sequence recognition algorithm.
Radio-Wave Propagation Model for UHF Band in Different Climatic Conditions with Dyadic Green’s Function

This article proposes a deterministic radio propagation model using dyadic Green's function to predict the value of the electric field. Dyadic is offered as an efficient mathematical tool which has symbolic simplicity and robustness, as well as taking account of the anisotropy of the medium. The proposed model is an important contribution for the UHF band because it considers climatic conditions by changing the constants of the medium. Most models and recommendations that include an approach for climatic conditions, are designed for satellite links, mainly Ku and Ka bands. The results obtained by simulation are compared and validated with data from a Digital Television Station measurement campaigns conducted in the Belem city in Amazon region during two seasons. The proposed model was able to provide satisfactory results by differentiating between the curves for dry and wet soil and these corroborate the measured data, (the RMS errors are between 2-5 dB in the case under study).
The recent retreat of Mexican glaciers on Citlaltépetl Volcano detected using ASTER data

Abstract. Satellite imagery and net radiation data collected between 2001 and 2007 for Citlaltepetl Volcano confirm the dramatic shrinkage of Glaciar Norte and the elimination of Jamapa and Chichimeco glacier tongues. The Glaciar Norte rapidly retreated between 2001 and 2002 while for 2007 this retreat decreases considerably. Jamapa and Chichimeco tongues disappeared by 2001 as compared to the geometry shown for 1958. The Glaciar Norte lost about 72% of its surface area between 1958 and 2007. Recently, the ice loss appears to be accelerating as evidenced by the 33% areal loss in just 6 yr between 2001 and 2007. At this shrinkage rate the glaciers would be gone from the volcano by the year 2020, which is decades earlier than previously estimated. The net radiation from ASTER images and the energy fluxes calculated via the meteorological data at the glacial surface show the close relationship between glacial shrinkage and surface energy balance. The magnitude of changes in the net radiation balance allows improved understanding of glacial retreat in Mexico.
A Universal Parametric Geometry Representation Method - "CST"

For aerodynamic design optimization, it is very desirable to limit the number of the geometric design variables. In reference 1, a “fundamental" parametric airfoil geometry representation method was presented. The method included the introduction of a geometric "shape function / class function” transformation technique such that round nose / sharp aft end geometries as well as other classes of geometries could be represented exactly by analytic well behaved and simple mathematical functions having easily observed physical features. The fundamental parametric geometry representation method was shown to describe an essentially limitless design space composed entirely of analytically smooth geometries. In this paper, the “shape function / class function” methodology is extended to more general three dimensional applications such as wing, body, ducts and nacelles. It is shown that any general 3D geometry can be represented by a distribution of fundamental shapes, and that the “shape function / class function” methodology can be used to describe the fundamental shapes as well as the distributions of the fundamental shapes. The “CST” method of representing 3D geometries is introduced. With this very robust, versatile and simple method, a 3D geometry is defined in a design space by the distribution of class functions and the shape functions. This design space geometry is then transformed into the physical space in which the actual geometry is defined. A number of applications of the “CST” method to nacelles, ducts, wings and bodies are presented to illustrate the versatility of this new methodology. It is shown that relatively few numbers of variables are required to represent arbitrary 3D geometries such as an aircraft wing, nacelle or body.
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Onset in a Neonate: A Rare Case Report

Background: A common type of chronic arthritis in children and adolescents is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). According to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) classification, JIA diagnostic criteriaÂ include age under 16 years and disease duration of six-weeks. Based on the number of involved joints in the first sixmonthsÂ of disease onset, JIA is categorized into oligoarticular or polyarticular subtypes. Age is a characteristic factor inÂ the diagnosis of disease subsets; it is worth mentioning that cases younger than six months of age are seldom found inÂ any of the subtypes. Â Case report: In this report, we present a rare case of JIA in an infant, presenting at 20 days of age. Effusion of the rightÂ hip joint was one of the primary manifestations of the disease. During hospitalization, she went through sepsis workupÂ and a four-week antibiotic therapy for management of lower limb pseudoparalysis. In spite of antibiotic therapy,Â she developed effusion of a second joint. According to the course and duration of symptoms and ILAR classification forJIA, oligoarticular JIA was diagnosed and treated.Conclusion: In this case, infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and brucellosis, and malignancies were ruled out as aÂ cause of inflammation through bone marrow aspiration, culture, and tests; ultrasound and magnetic resonanceÂ imaging showed no lytic and sclerotic lesions or a fracture. Our experience showed a rare case of JIA and suggestedÂ that JIA must be considered in children with joint inflammation at any age
Supporting Failing Database Queries in a Flexible Context: A Data-Driven Approach

We investigate the problem of handling of failing q ueries involving fuzzy predicates. We propose an approach that lever ages data distribution of the target database. It consists in two steps: i) Query translation that aims at translating the failing fuzzy query into a crisp qu ery by means of a particular semantic distance between sets; ii) Query relaxatio n which consists in expanding the translated query criteria with simila r v lues. To rank-order the approximate query results, a method is proposed
Determining the Status of Entrepreneurship of Employees and Ranking Them for Training Course of Entrepreneurship

In the past, there was an imagination that entrepreneurs have virtual specialties such as innovation and risk ability which are born accompanied with them. Whereas, today this fact is known that entrepreneurship similar to all of the other fields is trainable. Thus, in this article, training process of entrepreneurship in an governmental organization in Iran is studied and the status of employees regarding to their background, education and sex are verified by an answer sheet and in this way, the employees are given priority for training entrepreneurship. The reliability of answer sheet was confirmed and for validity, %93 Chronbach's Alpha was computed. A short glance to the obtained results shows that employees are virtual entrepreneur and they will be able to be elevated as an actual entrepreneur. Sex has no effect in entrepreneurship of employees, the employees with high background and also the employees with high education, are in the low level of entrepreneurship. On this basis, entrepreneurship training course is advised for all employees. Regarding the educational restrictions, the employees are categorized on the basis of their background and the group with high background are placed into the higher priority of training level and in any group, the employees with higher education put into high priority.