Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wind Speed and Stability Effects on Coupling between Surface Wind Stress and SST Observed from Buoys and Satellite

AbstractThe surface wind and stress responses to sea surface temperature (SST) are examined using collocated moored buoy and satellite observations in the Gulf Stream and the eastern equatorial Pacific. Using 17 buoy pairs, differences in the wind speed, 10-m equivalent neutral wind speed (ENW), and surface wind stress magnitude between two buoys separated by between 150 and 350 km were all found to be highly correlated to, and satisfy linear relations with, the SST difference on time scales longer than 10 days. This wind–SST coupling is consistent with previous analyses of spatially high-pass-filtered satellite ENW and SST fields. For all buoy pairs, the ENW and wind speed responses to SST differ by only 10%–30%, indicating that the ENW and stress responses to SST are attributable primarily to the response of the actual surface wind speed to SST rather than to stability. This result clarifies the dynamical pathway of the wind–SST coupling on the oceanic mesoscale.This buoy-pair methodology is used furthe.
Seismic moment assessment of earthquakes in stable continental regions—II. Historical seismicity

SUMMARY This Part I study, in conjunction with Part 11, develops a method to determine, within specified uncertainty bounds, the seismic moment, and thus moment magnitude, of all earthquakes of stable continental regions (SCR) for which instrumental or intensity data exist. Its basis is polynomial regression analysis using a database of SCR earthquakes with direct seismic moment determination. The independent variables include modern teleseismic magnitudes and regional magnitudes (Part I), and isoseismal areas or number of recording stations (Part 11). Part I11 is an application of the methodology of Parts I and I1 to several major historical earthquakes. All data used in the regressions are assigned individual uncertainties estimated from the literature or from experience; formal confidence limits (68 per cent or 95 per cent) on both the regression formulas and the predicted seismic moment values are then possible via error propagation analysis. The most complete development is for the teleseismic magnitudes M, and mb. For both, the final regression for log(M,) is a quadratic formula that closely emulates the relationship between amplitude magnitudes and log(M,) expected from dislocation theory and source-scaling arguments. Regressions are also derived for the regional magnitudes mLg and M,, because there are many SCR events, mainly pre- 1964, that have no teleseismic magnitudes. Prediction uncertainties from teleseismic magnitudes in moment magnitude units are in the AO.18-0.28 range, and from regional magnitudes in the kO.23-0.38 range over a wide magnitude band. Finally, the methodology developed here is generic, even though the database is specific. Application to plate-boundary, oceanic intraplate, or active continental intraplate regions should be straightforward.
DETECCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR DE CEPAS VARIANTES DEL VIRUS DE LA ENFERMEDAD INFECCIOSA DE LA BOLSA EN EL ESTADO ZULIA, VENEZUELA Molecular Detection and Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Variant Strains From Zulia State, Venezuela

Classical infectious bursa disease virus (IBDV) has been present in the Venezuelan poultry industry since the last quarter of the past century despite intensive vaccination programs applied to control the disease. Lately, the presence of variant strains has been reported in several Latin-American countries. This work reports the molecular identification of variant IBDV strains in poultry farms from Venezuela. Bursal imprints in Whatman classic indicator FTA® cards and bursa tissues for histopathological analysis were collected from 4-week old broiler flocks. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and direct nucleotide sequence were used for the vi
Objective Lightning Probability Forecasting for Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Phase III

The AMU created new logistic regression equations in an effort to increase the skill of the Objective Lightning Forecast Tool developed in Phase II (Lambert 2007). One equation was created for each of five sub-seasons based on the daily lightning climatology instead of by month as was done in Phase II. The assumption was that these equations would capture the physical attributes that contribute to thunderstorm formation more so than monthly equations. However, the SS values in Section 5.3. 2 showed that the Phase III equations had worse skill than the Phase II equations and, therefore, will not be transitioned into operations. The current Objective Lightning Forecast Tool developed in Phase II will continue to be used operationally in MIDDS. Three warm seasons were added to the Phase II dataset to increase the POR from 17 to 20 years (1989-2008), and data for October were included since the daily climatology showed lightning occurrence extending into that month. None of the three methods tested to determine the start of the subseason in each individual year were able to discern the start dates with consistent accuracy. Therefore, the start dates were determined by the daily climatology shown in Figure 10 and were the same in every year. The procedures used to create the predictors and develop the equations were identical to those in Phase II. The equations were made up of one to three predictors. TI and the flow regime probabilities were the top predictors followed by 1-day persistence, then VT and Ll. Each equation outperformed four other forecast methods by 7-57% using the verification dataset, but the new equations were outperformed by the Phase II equations in every sub-season. The reason for the degradation may be due to the fact that the same sub-season start dates were used in every year. It is likely there was overlap of sub-season days at the beginning and end of each defined sub-season in each individual year, which could very well affect equation performance.
DIURNAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL RESPIRATION AND CARBON STABLE ISOTOPE IN LUNAN STONE FOREST, YUNNAN PROVINCE

With the alkaline-sorption method, the diurnal changes of soil respiration were monitored in Lunan Stone Forest, Yunnan province. In the meanwhile, the carbon stable isotope (CSI) samples were collected and taken to laboratory, the CSI values were examined by the mass spectrometer (MAT-251). The fine days from 13 to 16, April and 21 to 24, August were selected as the monitoring period. The field works were carried out in grass and cypress community. The results show that the rate of soil respiration at daytime is lower than that at night, and it is higher in August than that April; the diurnal average value of carbon stable isotope is relative lighter in April in grass community but heavier in April in cypress community. The soil respiration keeps the negative correlation with its carbon stable isotope value, i.e. it is larger in April in grass community but larger in August in cypress community. This suggests the changes of soil respiration and carbon stable isotope are sensitive to surrounding environments. Moreover, the difference of carbon cycle and isotope exchange exists in cypress community and grass community.
Menuju Pengenalan Ekspresi Mikro: Pendeteksian Komponen Wajah Menggunakan Discriminative Response Map Fitting

The observations made in the study of micro-expression are to recognize and track the very subtle movements of certain facial areas and in a short time. In this study, the observation of movement is held in some areas of the face component. The facial and facial components detection is the pre-process stage on micro-expression recognition system. The goal at this stage is to get face and face components accurately and quickly on every movement of the video sequence or image sequence. The face landmark point of the Discriminative Response Map Fitting (DRMF) method can be used to get face components area accurately and quickly. This can be done because the facial landmark points used in this model-based method do not change when objects are moved, rotated, or scaled. The results obtained by using this method are accurate with a 100% accuracy value compared to the Haar Cascade Classifier method with an average accuracy of 44%. In addition, the average time required in the formation of facial component boxes for each frame is 0.08 seconds, faster than the Haar Cascade Classifier method of 0.32 seconds. With the results obtained, then the detection of facial components can be obtained accurately and quickly. Furthermore, the boxes of face components obtained are expected to display the appropriate data to be processed correctly and accurately in the next stage, feature extraction and the classification of micro-expression motion stage.
Design and Evaluation of DSRCRSA: An Ontology-Based Approach to Design Science Research Content Representation and Summarisation

This thesis uses a design science research (DSR) approach to propose, design and evaluate a novel purposeful artefact that is named ‘Design Science Research Content Representation and Summarisation Architecture’ (DSRCRSA). DSRCRSA is capable of storing and providing conceptualisations that represent DSR publications. Additionally, DSRCRSA provides a process to automatically generate single and multi-document summaries that fulfil the 5Cs (conciseness, comprehensiveness, coherence, clarity, and correctness). State-of-the-art academic search engines search millions of scientific publications. For instance, Pubmed, which is a search engine that is provided by the National Institutes of Health and the U.S. National Library of Medicine, includes 26 million publications. Researchers, as well as practitioners, want to retrieve articles that match a certain search query. Search engines usually include capabilities to search full-texts (if the publication is available online) and to search meta-data that is stored about a specific publication. State-of-the-art search engines, such as Google Scholar, have a high recall. Such search engines provide result sets that often include a high number of documents. However, the query terms need to match the text in the document. Even though documents might include a specific query term, such documents are very often not of interest to a specific user. This thesis shows that conceptualisations of DSR publications provide additional information that can be used to compare and summarise DSR publications. One additional information are the concepts that a specific information within a paper belongs to. Such concepts can be used within search queries to, for instance, only retrieve papers that include a specific text that belongs to a specific concept. Such conceptualisations could increase the precision of a search result. An aspect that is evaluated in this thesis is the identification of DSR concepts to enable the generation of overview summaries. Summaries of search results are rarely described in the literature. However, research has been conducted in the field of automatic summarisation. Formal ontologies are used in many summarisation approaches. However, formal ontologies that are used in these approaches consist either of a small set of relations (most approaches only work with generalisation / specialisation relations) or generate ontologies automatically. Such approaches cannot be used to provide readable and coherent lexical representations of content that is provided in a summary because more detailed relations, such as relations that express cardi-
Stenosis Detection with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Recent popularity of deep learning methods inspires to find new applications for them. One of promising areas is medical diagnosis support, especially analysis of medical images. In this paper we explore the possibility of using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) for detection of stenoses in angiographic images. One of the biggest difficulties is a need for large amounts of labelled data required to properly train deep model. We demonstrate how to overcome this difficulty by using generative model producing artificial data. Test results shows that DCNN trained on artificial data and fine-tuned using real samples can achieve up to 90% accuracy, exceeding results obtained by both traditional, feed-forward networks and networks trained using real data only.
CHANGES OF CULTIVATED LAND USE IN CHIFENG DURING THE PAST 50 YEARS

Based upon the analysis of statistical data in the past fifty years, changes of cultivated land use in Chifeng was studied in this paper. It indicated that the cultivated land area had experienced three increasing phases and two decreasing phases in Chifeng from 1950 to 2000. Besides the general trend represented by change of the total cultivated land area, there was significant regional differentiation between the southern and central northern Chifeng. That is, the relative change index of the cultivated land use in southern areas is relative lower than that of in the central and northern counties. It was also presented that the dominant period for cultivated land decrease within southern region was from 1961 to 1990. Therefore, the main factors resulted in the cultivated land use changes within this region were explored. According to historical documents, it was suggested that concerned policy change was the main cause bringing about the land use changes in this region. Furthermore, there existed significant correlation between the change of cultivated land area and per capita GDP, total population, total livestock at the year end, yield of grain per hectare, as will as per capita grain yield. It can be concluded both the demand for cultivated land use and the decrease of cultivated land areas resulted from degradation were increasing. The conflict between cultivated land supply and demand was the main driving force of the cultivated land use changes in Chifeng during the past 50 years.
Distribution Characters of Soil Enzymes in Longitudinal Dune Areas of Gurbantunggut Desert Covered by Biological Soil Crusts

The paper mainly dealt with the distribution characteristics of soil enzymes in longitudinal dunes of the southern part of Gurbantunggut desert covered by biological soil crusts. The results showed that: (1) Soil enzymes activities at each depth of soil layers gradually decreased from inter-dunes lowlands to slope of sand dunes and to dune crests. (2) Soil enzymes mainly accumulated in 0～2 cm soil layer at each location of longitudinal dunes, especially in inter-dune valley where lichen and moss crusts grew well. (3) There were distinctly positive linear correlations between the activity of soil enzymes and soil organic matter, total N (P0.01). The interaction of soil enzymes activities was observed. The principal component analysis results showed that soil enzymes (especially urease) activities could be regard as a comprehensive index of soil fertility.
Analysis of Daily Precipitation Characteristics over North China during Rainy Seasons

Based on the daily precipitation data from 740 stations, by means of linear trend estimate, Mann-Kendall test method, the long-term trends and interdecadal variation of precipitation, frequency, contribution to the total rainfall over North China during rainy seasons are analyzed. Some new results are discovered as follows: the rainfall over North China during rainy seasons, and five kinds of precipitation frequency and contribution over North China during rainy seasons have a certain decreased trend with different decreased rates. The most obvious decreased trend is the rainfall over North China during rainy seasons. The long-term decreased trend of the five kinds of precipitation frequency has obvious characteristic of gradual change, and the decreased trend of light rain frequency is biggest while the decreased trend of torrential rain and excessively heavy rainfall frequency is not significant. Meanwhile, the decreased trend of contribution of heavy rain to the total rainfall over North China are biggest. The biggest contribution to the total rainfall over North China is from heavy rain and close to one-third of the total rainfall in the past 50 years. The rainfall over North China during rainy seasons is mainly influenced by the heavy rain frequency and the excessively heavy rainfall contribution. The interdecadal abrupt change took placed in 1978 for both rainfall and excessively heavy rainfall contribution over North China during the rainy season, so the interdecadal abrupt change of excessively heavy rainfall contribution during rainy seasons results in the interdecadal abrupt change of rainfall over North China.
A survey of MPI usage in the US exascale computing project

The Exascale Computing Project (ECP) is currently the primary effort in the United States focused on developing “exascale” levels of computing capabilities, including hardware, software, and applications. In order to obtain a more thorough understanding of how the software projects under the ECP are using, and planning to use the Message Passing Interface (MPI), and help guide the work of our own project within the ECP, we created a survey. Of the 97 ECP projects active at the time the survey was distributed, we received 77 responses, 56 of which reported that their projects were using MPI. This paper reports the results of that survey for the benefit of the broader community of MPI developers.
AN OVERVIEW OF B+ TREE PERFORMANCE

Over the years, difference in speed between Central Processing Units or CPUs and main memory has become so much that lots of applications, including DBMSs, spend a lot of time waiting for data to be fetched from main-memory. B+ trees have been observed poorly utilizing the cache memory, which isleading to the development of many cache-conscious indices. Earlier simulation models were used to study cache conscious indices, the trend has recently gone towards measuring performance on real computer architectures, which means the performance is measured on real systems, instead of simulation models. In this study, we study the performance of the pB+ tree on the Itanium 2 processor, focusing on various implementation options and their effect on the performance.
Functional Connectivity Network Analysis with Discriminative Hub Detection for Brain Disease Identification

Brain network analysis can help reveal the pathological basis of neurological disorders and facilitate automated diagnosis of brain diseases, by exploring connectivity patterns in the human brain. Effectively representing the brain network has always been the fundamental task of computeraided brain network analysis. Previous studies typically utilize human-engineered features to represent brain connectivity networks, but these features may not be well coordinated with subsequent classifiers. Besides, brain networks are often equipped with multiple hubs (i.e., nodes occupying a central position in the overall organization of a network), providing essential clues to describe connectivity patterns. However, existing studies often fail to explore such hubs from brain connectivity networks. To address these two issues, we propose a Connectivity Network analysis method with discriminative Hub Detection (CNHD) for brain disease diagnosis using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Specifically, we incorporate both feature extraction of brain networks and network-based classification into a unified model, while discriminative hubs can be automatically identified from data via ℓ1-norm and ℓ2,1-norm regularizers. The proposed CNHD method is evaluated on three real-world schizophrenia datasets with fMRI scans. Experimental results demonstrate that our method not only outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in disease diagnosis, but also is effective in automatically identifying disease-related network hubs in the human brain.
Relation between the occurrence amount of the major pestilent generation of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee and rainfall

To counter the forecast difficulty of the major pestilent generation of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee,through the regressive analysis on the insect and meteorology information of the past 10 years in Gutian County,it was pointed out:The immigration amount of the third (2)generation of the rice leaf roller ( Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee)were positively correlated to the rainy day number in the early and middle June and the amount of rainfall.The surviving rate of the worms aged 1-2 instar of the immigrated moth was negatively correlated to the rainfall during the hatching peak period of the ant larva.This relation could be used to forecast practice to improve the accuracy of the forecast in the rice leaf roller.
Object-Oriented Remote Sensing Information Models of Geography

The remote sensing information model of geography is based on topographical model, physical model, and mathematical model. Object-oriented technology is a new technology of creating system model. This paper discussed the possibility of crating object-oriented remote sensing information model of geography, and based on the principal theory the paper abstracts independence gene group from geographical things. At the end the paper brings forward the method, data-structure and the advance of object-oriented remote sensing information model of geography.
The Estimation and Analysis of Miryang Dam Inflow based on RCP Scenario

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. In Korea, the territory has east high west low type and the rainfall is concentrated in the summer season. A nation having these topography and precipitation condition like Korea has to basically needs support of hardware alternatives. However, the right places decrease gradually and the resistance of the public opinion for national water resources policy stiffens gradually. The climate change has an effect in water resources fields and has a close relation. In the present study, therefore, future inflow of Miryang multipurpose dam basin is estimated by using SWAT model applied RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios of "Korea Meteorological Administration" and considering the results, the future direction is purposed to operate the dam. As a result, the rainfall pattern is changed from traditional peak form to flat form. The dam operation rule in accordance with changing precipitation pattern has to be modified from the conventional operation rule and a new plan has to be established to meet a situation.
Effect of mycorrhizae on bioremediation of soils polluted by organic matters.

Common use and large-scale production of organic compounds have aggravated soil pollution,and the traditional remediation methods have limitation in some degree.As one of mutual symbiosis formed between plants and mycorrhizal fungi,mycorrhizae can improve the ability of plants to endure the environmental stress and have great impacts on the degradation and translation of organic matters.Effects of ectomycorrhiza and arbuscular mycorrhiza on bioremediation of soils polluted by petroleum,PAHs,PCBs,pesticides and PAEs were discussed in this review.