Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drinking Game Participation Among High School and Incoming College Students: A Narrative Review

AbstractThe transition from high school to college has been characterized as a potentially vulnerable period because of decreased parental supervision and increased autonomy. This transition can increase risk for participation in high-risk behaviors such as drinking games (DGs), which are a social drinking activity that encourages intoxication and are associated with negative alcohol-related consequences. To date, there has not been a narrative review of DG research that examines this activity among high schoolers and incoming college students specifically, and thus, the current review bridges this gap. Findings indicate that DG participation is consistently linked to negative consequences (e.g., passing out, becoming sick) and other high-risk behaviors, such as prepartying (drinking before going to a social event). In addition, DG participation is linked to demographic (e.g., age, gender), psychological (e.g., personality, alcohol cognitions), and contextual/cultural factors (e.g., the college drinking culture). These findings have implications for current prevention and intervention efforts and suggest promising directions for future research.
The Effect of Peer Communication Influence on the Development of Materialistic Values among Young Urban Adult Consumers

The study attempts to uncover the characteristics of materialism groups in Malaysia among young adult consumers. It assesses the differences between materialism groups, i.e., low and high materialistic groups, using demographic and peer communication dimensions. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaires. The sample consisted of 956 respondents. The majority of the respondents were Malays followed by Chinese and Indians. The proportion of female respondents was higher than the male respondents. Most of the respondents were single and in the age group of between 19-29 years old. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare mean scores for the study variables between ‘high’ materialism and ‘low’ materialism groups and significant mean differences were found between ‘high’ and ‘low’ materialism groups in terms of peer communication construct. Specifically, it was found that the ‘high’ materialism group has considerably greater ratings on the construct. Internal consistency reliability assessment using Cronbach coefficient alpha revealed that the two dimensions had high reliability. A stepwise discriminant analysis performed on peer communication variable found that peer communication variable was significant in differentiating the two materialism groups. The implications, significance and limitations of the study are discussed.
Analysis of a large power PMSM using different control methods

This paper analyzes the characteristics of a large power surface magnet PMSM with sinusoidal windings used in a marine propulsion system using phasor diagrams. Also, these characteristics are simulated using MATLAB. The analysis and simulation are done for three different types of current control schemes, that is, the i/sub sd/ = 0 control method, unity power factor control method, and constant air-gap flux linkage control method. Based on the performance of the PMSM under these different control methods, a conclusion is drawn that the i/sub sd/ = 0 control method is superior to the other two control methods in marine propulsion systems when the armature reaction reactance is low.
Canine soft tissue sarcoma managed in first opinion practice: outcome in 350 cases.

OBJECTIVE To determine outcome of dogs with a diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma managed in first opinion practice. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, case-controlled study ANIMALS Dogs (n = 350) with primary occurrence of a soft tissue sarcoma. METHODS A previously validated questionnaire was sent to all veterinarians requesting clinical information and ultimate outcome for all dogs. Histologic sections were reviewed by a single pathologist. RESULTS Most surgeries were unplanned, with only 15 (4%) dogs having a histologic and 59 (16.8%) dogs having a cytologic diagnosis before surgery. Median survival time for all dogs was not reached with 70% proportional survival at 5 years. Local recurrence developed in 73 (20.8%) cases. The extent of resection performed was not associated with improved survival (P = .2) or tumor recurrence (P = .8). Age <8 years (χ(2) = 6.1; P = . 01), tumors <5 cm in size (χ(2) = 9.6; P = . 002) and discrete tumors (χ(2) = 16.6; P < . 001) had improved survival outcomes. On multivariate analysis, a high tumor grade was significant for recurrence (HR 5.8; P < .001; 95% CI: 2.2-14.8). Evidence of a selection bias towards less aggressive tumors being managed in first opinion practice was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS Wide resection margins are not the primary determinant of outcome for all soft tissue sarcoma. Veterinarians need to better understand the biologic behavior of a suspected soft tissue sarcoma before treatment to allow surgical margins to be adjusted accordingly.
Validity of a modified Born approximation for a pulsed plane wave in acoustic scattering problems

The validity domain of a modified Born approximation (MBA) has been examined for the scattering of a pulsed plane wave (PPW). This new approximation has been compared with exact results and also with the conventional Born approximation (BA). Comparisons have been made for the scattering by a homogeneous sphere. Error charts have been presented for various scatterer sizes and acoustic properties for forward as well as back scattering. The pulse width has also been varied. Our study shows that the modified Born approximation is generally preferable to the conventional Born approximation in the forward direction. In the backward direction both approximations have a similar kind of validity domain. These observations are important in view of the fact that the Born approximation has been widely used in acoustic scattering problems.
T RENDS IN Y OUTH S UICIDE IN T ASMANIA : A C OMPARISON B ETWEEN Y OUTH AND O THER S UICIDE

IT HAS NOT YET BEEN DETERMINED THAT YOUNG COMPLETED SUICIDES represent a distinct entity, separable from other age groups. Nor has it been determined that the younger age group represents a homogeneous group (Maris 1985; Neiger & Hopkins 1985). However, comparisons between young suicide and older suicide groups show both distinct similarities and distinct differences. An increasing risk of suicide is associated with increasing age (MacIntosh 1985), with the highest rates found among those aged 65 and over. Within the adolescent group, there is a steady increase in suicide rate from approximately 15 years of age. The risk of suicidal behaviour is significantly reduced below this age (Neiger et al. 1988). The seriousness of suicide among the older groups is largely ignored because of an increasing focus on the young. Adolescent suicide remains the age group with the lowest suicide rate (Osgood 1982). A survey of community attitudes showed that all age groups ascribed a higher risk to older people (Domino, Moore, Westlake & Gibson 1982). Marked increases in male youth suicide rates have been reported along with a slight decline in female youth suicide rates (Moens, Haenen & Van de Voorde 1988). Completed suicide is traditionally associated with a higher incidence among males (McClure 1984; Dyck, Newman & Thompson 1988; Burvill 1980; Dorsch & Roder 1983; Paerregaard 1980; Frederick 1978). While surveys have found that adolescent males do predominate
Polya's Characterization Theorem for Complex Random Variables

A complex random variable can be Gaussian in either the narrow or the wide sense. It is observed that Gaussian random variables in the wide sense do not have the 2-stability property (which is well known for the real case), while in the narrow definition they do possess it. Moreover, it is proved that this property characterizes the class of complex Gaussian random variables in the narrow sense; no other complex random variable enjoys it.
CMOS‐Technology‐Enabled Flexible and Stretchable Electronics for Internet of Everything Applications

Flexible and stretchable electronics can dramatically enhance the application of electronics for the emerging Internet of Everything applications where people, processes, data and devices will be integrated and connected, to augment quality of life. Using naturally flexible and stretchable polymeric substrates in combination with emerging organic and molecular materials, nanowires, nanoribbons, nanotubes, and 2D atomic crystal structured materials, significant progress has been made in the general area of such electronics. However, high volume manufacturing, reliability and performance per cost remain elusive goals for wide commercialization of these electronics. On the other hand, highly sophisticated but extremely reliable, batch‐fabrication‐capable and mature complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)‐based technology has facilitated tremendous growth of today's digital world using thin‐film‐based electronics; in particular, bulk monocrystalline silicon (100) which is used in most of the electronics existing today. However, one fundamental challenge is that state‐of‐the‐art CMOS electronics are physically rigid and brittle. Therefore, in this work, how CMOS‐technology‐enabled flexible and stretchable electronics can be developed is discussed, with particular focus on bulk monocrystalline silicon (100). A comprehensive information base to realistically devise an integration strategy by rational design of materials, devices and processes for Internet of Everything electronics is offered.
Treatments for Hypertension Thiazide-Type Diuretics and -Adrenergic Blockers as First-Line Drug

Systemic arterial hypertension affects 72 million US adults and an additional hundreds of millions of persons worldwide.1,2 Most of these are candidates for pharmacological treatment to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, based primarily on a very large body of epidemiological and intervention research in humans. Because of this high prevalence and the cardiovascular consequences of untreated or inadequately treated hypertension, the selection of drugs for initial and continuing, long-term treatment has large public health and economic implications. Fortunately, such decisions and the expert recommendations that seek to guide them can call on evidence from 4 decades of randomized multicenter clinical trials evaluating effects of treatment on clinical CVD. We summarize that evidence in this article, in approximate chronological order, and we comment on the related treatment guidelines. We close with some of the major clinical questions yet to be resolved.
Effect of FSS structure on planar patch antenna

A simple microstrip patch antenna was first used to study and its resonant frequency and bandwidth were observed. Based on the observations a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is proposed to improve the bandwidth, antenna gain and return losses of a patch antenna. Fabricated results of the return losses, radiation pattern and antenna gain of this patch antenna are also presented. Through the Fabricated results it has been proven that the microstrip antenna implanted with an FSS structure containing fractal cross elements has been converted into an antenna with good performance along with sufficient bandwidth and higher gain.
Species-specific variants of GB virus A in captive monkeys

Sequences from the putative 5' nontranslated region of GB virus A were isolated from mystax, owl monkeys, and tamarins. Though sequences of isolates from each animal species are virtually identical at the nucleotide level (95%), isolates from different species are dramatically different (52 to 79% identical) and genetically cluster on this basis.
The patient-centered medical home and accountable care organizations: an overview

Purpose of review As the crisis regarding the cost of medical care in the United States continues to spiral out of control, new models of care are being touted as a means to fix the economics of healthcare. This review will examine newly proposed models of healthcare. Recent findings The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) and accountable care organizations (ACOs) are two models that have leapt to the forefront of healthcare reform. The PCMH or medical home is a model predicated upon a primary care provider who will provide and coordinate comprehensive healthcare for the patient across the continuum with care that is evidence based and patient centered. The PCMH provides coordinated care, allowing for more appropriate utilization of resources resulting in improved care and outcomes while decreasing costs. The ACO agrees to be accountable for the overall care, quality and cost of the patients enrolled. The model links patient care to quality, safety and improved outcomes. This coordination reduces the costs of care, thus making it economically appealing to the patients, the providers, the ACO and the payer, whether it be government or private. Summary Healthcare reform will require implementation of new models of care. The PCMH and ACO are two such models. Although both models have their share of supporters as well as detractors, both will play a significant role in the next chapter of healthcare reform in this country.
Surface wrinkling in liquid crystal elastomers

Structured surfaces give rise to novel and potentially useful properties such as controllable wettability and structural colour. Here, we demonstrate structured surfaces via reversible surface wrinkling in liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs). A thin polymer film deposited on top of a shape-responsive LCE exhibits a reversible, periodic surface wrinkling pattern in response to temperature changes. The orientation of the wrinkles depends on the orientation of the nematic director and the temperature at which the bilayer is prepared, and the wrinkles can be re-oriented in a single sample by heating or cooling the sample above or below the preparation temperature. We show that this bilayer system can be used to measure the modulus of nanoscale thin poly(styrene) films deposited on the LCE. Additionally, when a micron-thick polymer film is deposited on top of an LCE, the bilayer exhibits reversible curling with temperature. This system provides a simple method for measuring the mechanical properties of thin polymer films without the need for clamping and mechanical stretching and provides a new approach to generate reversible, microstructured surfaces.
The Overall Balance Between Cooperation and Interference for a Class of Wireless Networks

This paper investigates the benefits of cooperation in large wireless networks with multiple sources and relays, where the nodes form an homogeneous Poisson point process. The source nodes may dispose of their nearest neighbor from the set of inactive nodes as their relay. Although cooperation can potentially lead to significant improvements on the asymptotic error probability of a communication pair, relaying causes additional interference in the network, increasing the average noise. We address the basic question: how should source nodes optimally balance cooperation vs. interference to guarantee reliability in all communication pairs. Based on the decode-and-forward (DF) scheme at the relays (which is near optimal when the relays are close to their corresponding sources), we derive closed-form approximations to the upper bounds on the error probability, averaging over all node positions. Surprisingly, in the small node-density regime, there is an almost binary behaviour that dictates --depending on network parameters-- the activation or not of all relay nodes.
Improved High-Frequency Voltage Injection Based Permanent Magnet Temperature Estimation for PMSM Condition Monitoring for EV Applications

Permanent magnet (PM) temperature is critical to ensure high-performance and reliable control of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) for electric vehicle (EV) applications. High-frequency (HF) voltage injection based approach has been shown to be capable of PM temperature estimation under all-speed range with simple implementation. This paper improves existing HF voltage injection based PM temperature estimation approach by considering the cross-coupling effect. The key to PM temperature estimation is the temperature-dependent HF resistance estimated from the injected HF voltage and the current response. It is found that the cross-coupling effect has a great influence on the HF resistance estimation. This paper firstly improves the HF voltage injection model by considering the cross-coupling effect. Then, a comparative numerical investigation is conducted to analyze the estimation errors induced by the cross-coupling effect. A novel HF resistance estimation approach is derived from the proposed improved model and the PM temperature is calculated from the HF resistance with a linear thermal model. The influence of inverter nonlinearity is also analyzed. Experimental investigations demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to improve the performance of PM temperature estimation.
Nosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum

Prevalence surveys in different countries have shown that about 1 in 10 hospitalized patients at any one time have acquired an infection and the incidence of infection is usually about 3% to 5%. Can this infection rate be significantly reduced and is there an irreducible minimum below which further reduction cannot be obtained? Cross-infection could probably be almost eliminated by the use of plastic isolators or life islands, and endogenous infections reduced by the wider and more rational prophylactic use of topical and systemic antimicrobial agents, and possibly a range of vaccines. However, the use of these techniques on all patients would clearly be impractical and too expensive for use in the foreseeable future. Excessive isolation techniques would have a detrimental psychological effect on many patients. In addition, failure to eradicate the organisms of the normal flora might be associated with more infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, fungi and viruses which would be more difficult to treat. Even if organisms could be eradicated, morbidity and mortality might not be correspondingly reduced. Priorities must therefore be set on the most effective use of staff and finances. These not only involve a consideration of infection, but all areas of clinical practice, eg, costs of cardiac transplants and provision of geriatric facilities. It therefore seems likely that little additional finance will be available for control of infection, other than possibly for transmissible infections with high mortality such as AIDS.
Internal Maxillary Artery Variability in the Pterygopalatine Fossa

The third segment or pterygopalatine branch of the internal maxillary artery has variable branching in the pterygopalatine fossa. This variability in branching can lead to failure in controlling persistent nasal epistaxis by transantral ligation. Although the surgical approach has been previously studied, a systematic classification of this branching has not been previously reported. Through the performance of serial cadaver dissections in the PPF, we have demonstrated the anatomic course and variations of this third segment and offer a relatively simple classification system.
Overproduction of non‐translatable mRNA silences. The transcription of Ty1 retrotransposons in S. cerevisiae via functional inactivation of the nuclear cap‐binding complex and subsequent hyperstimulation of the TORC1 pathway

Co‐suppression is high gene copy number‐triggered homology‐dependent gene silencing, and co‐suppression may have evolved in eukaryotes to counter invasive molecular parasites, such as viruses and transposons. We previously reported ‘Ty1 transcriptional co‐suppression’—high Ty1 copy number‐triggered transient transcriptional silencing of Ty1 retrotransposons in S. cerevisiae. We report here that this phenomenon is unlikely to be homology‐dependent, despite the copy number dependence. The Ty1 mRNA is an extremely poor template for translation, and overproduction of non‐translatable mRNA without Ty1 homology is sufficient to initiate the transient Ty1 transcriptional silencing. We present genetic evidence that overproduction of non‐translatable mRNA may functionally inactivate the nuclear cap‐binding complex (CBC), and inactivation of CBC may then hyperstimulate the TORC1 pathway to mediate Ty1 transcriptional silencing. Our results point to a potent regulatory function of non‐translatable mRNA in vivo (via CBC and TORC1) to potentially modulate a variety of intracellular activities, such as Ty1 transcription. Although overproduction of non‐translatable mRNA causes transient Ty1 transcriptional silencing, it does not play a detectable role in controlling Ty1 retrotransposition. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[Stroke as a manifestation of acute Bartonella henselae endocarditis].

BACKGROUND Bartonella, a small gram-negative bacillus, causes a variety of diseases and presents with different clinical manifestations, one of which is infective endocarditis (IE). IE due to B. henselae is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality due to the destructive potential of the organism to the heart valves and due to the great risk of embolic complications. CASE DESCRIPTION A 37-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to sub-febrile fever and weakness. Investigation revealed he had IE caused by B. henselae. His mitral valve was severely damaged and he experienced a cerebrovascular event, caused by septic emboli. The severe damage to the mitral valve and the presence of septic emboli necessitated valvular replacement surgery. The case involved a therapeutic dilemma, due to the patient's neurological complications. CONCLUSIONS Since B. henselae is an important pathogen associated with culture-negative IE, there should be a high index of suspicion for the presence of this pathogen in cases presenting with signs of infection associated with embolic events. This condition requires a careful diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
Reduced-rank adaptive MMSE equalization for the forward link in high-speed CDMA

The chip-level MMSE estimate of the (multi-user) synchronous sum signal transmitted by the base-station, followed by a correlate and sum, has been shown to perform very well in the CDMA forward link using orthogonal channel codes. In this paper, adaptive reduced-rank, chip-level MMSE estimation based on the Multi-Stage Nested Wiener Filter (MSNWF) is presented. Our simulations show that, adaptive MSNWF operating in a very low rank subspace and using the pilot channel for training can achieve near full-rank performance at a fast convergence speed.
Information retrieval system using Multiwords Expressions (MWE) as descriptors

This paper aims to propose an alternative method for retrieving documents using Multiwords Expressions (MWE) extracted from a document base to be used as descriptors in search of an Information Retrieval System (IRS). In this sense, unlike methods that consider the text as a set of words, bag of words, we propose a method that takes into account the characteristics of the physical structure of the document in the extraction process of MWE. From this set of terms comparing pre-processed using an exhaustive algorithmic technique proposed by the authors with the results obtained for thirteen different measures of association statistics generated by the software Ngram Statistics Package (NSP). To perform this experiment was set up with a corpus of documents in digital format.