Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies.

BACKGROUND Abnormal blood flow patterns in fetal circulation detected by Doppler ultrasound may indicate poor fetal prognosis. It is also possible false positive Doppler ultrasound findings could encourage inappropriate early delivery. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of Doppler ultrasound used to assess fetal well-being in high-risk pregnancies on obstetric care and fetal outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (September 2009) and the reference lists of identified studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials of Doppler ultrasound for the investigation of umbilical and fetal vessels waveforms in high-risk pregnancies compared to no Doppler ultrasound. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed the studies for inclusion, assessed risk of bias and carried out data extraction. Data entry was checked. MAIN RESULTS Eighteen completed studies involving just over 10,000 women were included. The trials were generally of unclear quality with some evidence of possible publication bias. The use of Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancy was associated a reduction in perinatal deaths (risk ratio (RR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 to 0.98, 16 studies, 10,225 babies, 1.2% versus 1.7 %, numbers needed to treat = 203; 95%CI 103 to 4352). There were also fewer inductions of labour (average RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.99, 10 studies, 5633 women, random effects) and fewer caesarean sections (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.97, 14 studies, 7918 women). No difference was found in operative vaginal births (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.14, four studies, 2813 women) nor in Apgar scores less than seven at five minutes (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.24, seven studies, 6321 babies). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that the use of Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies reduced the risk of perinatal deaths and resulted in less obstetric interventions. The quality of the current evidence was not of high quality, therefore, the results should be interpreted with some caution. Studies of high quality with follow-up studies on neurological development are needed.
The Role of Self-Objectification in the Mental Health of Early Adolescent Girls: Predictors and Consequences.

OBJECTIVES The overall aim of the study was to investigate the applicability of Objectification Theory to the mental health of early adolescent girls, in particular, their dieting behaviors and depressive symptoms. Both predictors and consequences of self-objectification were examined. METHODS A sample of 204 girls with a mean age of 11.6 years completed questionnaire measures of media consumption, time spent on sports and hobbies, appearance conversations, self-objectification, body shame, dieting, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Structural equation modeling showed that magazine and Internet exposure and appearance conversations with friends predicted self-objectification. Self-objectification itself predicted body shame, which in turn predicted both dieting and depressive symptoms, in accord with the pathways postulated by Objectification Theory. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that, as is the case with adult women, self-objectification plays a significant role in the mental health of early adolescent girls.
Using a Virtual Environment to Examine How Children Cross Streets: Advancing Our Understanding of How Injury Risk Arises.

PURPOSE To examine how risk of injury can arise for child pedestrians. METHODS Using a highly immersive virtual reality system interfaced with a 3-D movement measurement system, younger (M = 8 years) and older (M = 10 years) children's crossing behaviors were measured under conditions that introduced variation in vehicle speed, distance, and intervehicle gaps. RESULTS Children used distance cues in deciding when to cross; there were no age or sex differences. This increased risk of injury in larger intervehicle gaps because they started late and did not monitor traffic or adjust walking speed as they crossed. In contrast, injury risk in smaller intervehicle gaps of equal risk (i.e., same time to contact) occurred because crossing behavioral adjustments (starting early, increasing walking speed while crossing) were not sufficient. CONCLUSIONS Dependence on distance cues increases children's risk of injury as pedestrians when crossing in a variety of traffic situations.
Factors associated with the delay in seeking legal abortion for pregnancy resulting from rape

Abstract Background: about 7% of rape cases in Brazil result in pregnancy. Brazilian women generally are unaware of the right to legal interruption of pregnancy after rape and try to end abortion in an unsafe manner or last to request the procedure. Objective: to analyse factors associated with the time of seeking legal abortion after rape in a public hospital. Methods: this is an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Data are from medical records of 1,270 women who complained of rape and have requested legal abortion in a public hospital in Sao Paulo between 1994 and 2013. The variables age, education, race, marital status, religion, form of intimidation, vulnerable condition, perpetrator of sexual violence, number of perpetrators, and police report were analysed in relation to gestational age, according to multiple multinomial logistic regression models. Results: the delay in requesting abortion at intermediate gestational age is associated to when a woman is vulnerable (p=0.015), late gestational age is associated with the presence of a police report (p=0.029) and 48 marital status as ngle (p=0.05). Be a relative of the aggressor is associated with both intermediate (p=0.016) and late gestational age (p=0.002). Conclusions: women without partners, who suffered intimidation with threats, in a vulnerable condition, who made a police report and, above all, who were raped by relatives, composed the group who took longer to get the health service. Keywords: sexual violence; rape; unwanted pregnancy; legal abortion
An Expanded Carrier Screening Tool Enhances Preconception Cystic Fibrosis Screening in Infertile Couples

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends offering preconception and prenatal screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) while the American College of Medical Genetics also recommends screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) to all couples. Both groups suggest specific screening if there is a family or personal history of a genetic disease or if the individual is from a high risk ethnic group. The purpose of this study was to determine whether availability of a more comprehensive, affordable genetic screening tool increased the number of infertility patients choosing to be screened for CF and other genetic diseases. This was a retrospective chart review of new infertility patients evaluated between May 2010 and May 2013. Sixteen hundred seventy-five new infertility couples were offered CounsylTM expanded carrier screening. The carrier frequency for CF was 6.8% with 0% of the couples concordant heterozygotes. The carrier frequency for SMA was 2.51% with 0% of the couples concordant heterozygotes. With availability of the CounsylTM screening test, the percentage of new infertility patients choosing to have preconception genetic screening increased from 2% to 8% in this population. The largest increase (17.5% of new patients) in screening followed the reduction in out-of-pocket expense in May 2013. Infertility patients are in a unique position to investigate their family history, discuss appropriate preconception genetic screening, and, if discovered to be at high risk of a genetic illness, to review their reproductive options.
Re-evaluation of the Seratec® PSA Semiquant test: comparison of kit provided buffer with phosphate buffer saline

Abstract The Seratec® PSA Semiquant test has been utilized in the forensic community to help identify seminal fluid on crime scene samples. The value of the test is dependent on its ability to accurately identify a prostate specific antigen (PSA) in various samples. Several non-biological substances that may be found on oral and vaginal samples in forensic casework were tested in this study to see if they would give false positive results using the Seratec® PSA Semiquant kit with two different buffers. Results indicate Red Bull® Energy Drink, Rock Star® Sugar Free Energy Supplement, and Summer's Eve® Douche Medicated as non-biological substances that gave false positive results when extracted with Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) on the test strips. False positive results were also observed on oral swabs collected from individuals who ingested Red Bull® Energy Drink. The false positive results can be attributed in part to a drop in pH of the PBS buffer. The buffer provided with the Seratec® PSA Semiquant kit was also tested and was found to prevent these false positive results from occurring. This Seratec® buffer was seen to effectively maintain a pH of 8.5 for all samples tested and was just as sensitive as the PBS buffer. This study illustrates the need for laboratories that use the Seratec® PSA Semiquant kit to re-evaluate the buffer they are using to extract case samples.
Diseño de un Cuadro de Mando Integral para una biblioteca hospitalaria

Introduction: The Balance Scorecard(BSC) is a tool used to measure the institutional activity through quality indicators from several points of view: users, internal processes, human resources and financial management. Libraries of Fundacion Hospital Alcorcon and Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada have been reflecting its activity, for two years, through a BSC, allowing synthetic, quick and accurate access to the results of their processes. Methodology: 1. Literature review of the status of the issue through consultation of specialized in business management, library and Health Sciences databases. 2 Terminology and structural analysis of own and other institutions BSCs. 3 Design and realization of the BSC defining the overall structure of the box: activities, indicators, actions and results (tool used: MS Excel). Results: 1. Presentation of a BSC for a hospital library 2. Launch of the BSC at Fundacion Hospital Alcorcon and Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada libraries. Conclusions: 1. Standardization of the results of the library activity in the organizational management framework of the hospital model. 2. Greater visibility through the emergence in the hospital corporate channels. 3. Implementation of the balanced scorecard as a tool of continuous evaluation for the hospital library.
The Effect of a Transfer Device in the Homes of Elderly Women

A novel transfer pole was installed in the homes of 30 community dwelling elderly women (mean age 76.8 years) and intermittently color-cued for 20/30 participants. Subjects' views of the device and their ability to transfer were monitored over a three-month period using survey, performance and self-report measures. Qualitative results indicated that seniors fully recognized and endorsed the functional utility and safety benefits of the pole. A repeated measures one-way ANOVA showed statistically significant changes across time for all groups on self-report measures as a consequence of the pole but none related to the cue, although positive trends were observed. The results corroborate basic assumptions of the Person-Environment-Occupation Model used to frame the study.
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndromes in veterinary medicine: consensus definitions: The Dorothy Russell Havemeyer Working Group on ALI and ARDS in Veterinary Medicine

Background: As veterinary medicine has become more sophisticated, with greater numbers of veterinary patients receiving intensive care, more patients with an acute respiratory distress (ARDS)-like syndrome have been recognized. Methods: A consensus definition meeting was held for the purpose of developing veterinary-specific definitions for acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS. Results/conclusions: Three clinically based definitions for acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress-like syndromes occurring in veterinary patients were described. Neonatal equine respiratory distress syndrome (NERDS) was defined separately due to the specific requirement for primary developmental surfactant dysfunction and lack of an inflammatory component. Five diagnostic criteria categories were established for Veterinary ALI/ARDS (Vet ALI/ARDS) with 4 required and a fifth highly recommended criteria. A strong consensus was reached that onset of respiratory distress must have been acute and that known risk factors must be present. Additional criteria included evidence of pulmonary capillary leak with no evidence of increased pulmonary capillary pressure, evidence of inefficient gas exchange and, finally, evidence of inflammation. Some features of ALI/ARDS in the neonatal horse were recognized as unique, therefore, equine neonatal ALI/ARDS (EqNALI/EqNARDS) was similarly defined but with a graded gas exchange inefficiency table to allow for normal developmental changes in gas exchange. Use of these definitions in planning prospective studies of these problems in veterinary patients should allow for more direct comparisons of studies and clinical trials, with a larger goal of improving outcome in veterinary patients.
Effects of plant–soil feedback on tree seedling growth under arid conditions

Aims Plants are able to influence their growing environment by changing biotic and abiotic soil conditions. These soil conditions in turn can influence plant growth conditions, which is called plant–soil feedback. Plant–soil feedback is known to be operative in a wide variety of ecosystems ranging from temperate grasslands to tropical rain forests. However, little is known about how it operates in arid environments. We examined the role of plant–soil feedbacks on tree seedling growth in relation to water availability as occurring in arid ecosystems along the west coast of South America. Methods In a two-phased greenhouse experiment, we compared plant–soil feedback effects under three water levels (no water, 10% gravimetric moisture and 15% gravimetric moisture). We used sterilized soil inoculated with soil collected from northwest Peru (Prosopis pallida forests) and from two sites in north-central Chile (Prosopis chilensis forest and scrublands without P. chilensis). Important Findings Plant–soil feedbacks differed between plant species and soil origins, but water availability did not influence the feedback effects. Plant–soil feedbacks differed in direction and strength in the three soil origins studied. Plant–soil feedbacks of plants grown in Peruvian forest soil were negative for leaf biomass and positive for root length. In contrast, feedbacks were neutral for plants growing in Chilean scrubland soil and positive for leaf biomass for those growing in Chilean forest soil. Our results show that under arid conditions, effects of plant–soil feedback depend upon context. Moreover, the results suggest that plant–soil feedback can influence trade-offs between root growth and leaf biomass investment and as such that feedback interactions between plants and soil biota can make plants either more tolerant or vulnerable to droughts. Based on dissecting plant–soil feedbacks into aboveground and belowground tissue responses, we conclude that plant–soil feedback can enhance plant colonization in some arid ecosystems by promoting root growth.
Telehealthcare for asthma.

BACKGROUND Healthcare systems internationally need to consider new models of care to cater for the increasing numbers of people with asthma. Telehealthcare interventions are increasingly being seen by policymakers as a potential means of delivering asthma care. We defined telehealthcare as being healthcare delivered from a distance, facilitated electronically and involving the exchange of information through the personalised interaction between a healthcare professional using their skills and judgement and the patient providing information. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of telehealthcare interventions in people with asthma. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched in the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, and PsycINFO; this was supplemented by handsearching of respiratory journals. We also searched registers of ongoing and unpublished trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected completed randomised controlled trials of telehealthcare initiatives aiming to improve asthma care. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently appraised studies for inclusion and extracted data and performed meta-analyses. We analysed dichotomous variables to produce an odds ratio (OR) and continuous variables to produce a mean difference. MAIN RESULTS We included 21 trials in this review. The 21 included studies investigated a range of technologies aiming to support the provision of care from a distance. These included: telephone (n = 9); video-conferencing (n = 2); Internet (n = 2); other networked communications (n = 6); text Short Messaging Service (n = 1); or a combination of text and Internet (n = 1). Meta-analysis showed that these interventions did not result in clinically important improvements in asthma quality of life (minimum clinically important difference = 0.5): mean difference in Juniper's Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) 0.08 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.16). Telehealthcare for asthma resulted in a non-significant increase in the odds of emergency department visits over a 12-month period: OR 1.16 (95% CI 0.52 to 2.58). There was, however, a significant reduction in hospitalisations over a 12-month period: OR 0.21 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.61), the effect being most marked in people with more severe asthma managed predominantly in secondary care settings. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Telehealthcare interventions are unlikely to result in clinically relevant improvements in health outcomes in those with relatively mild asthma, but they may have a role in those with more severe disease who are at high risk of hospital admission. Further trials evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a range of telehealthcare interventions are needed.
Child Abuse and Neglect: A Clinician's Handbook

Introduction: A Theoretical Perspective. Child Abuse and Neglect: A Historical Perspective. Failure to Thrive. Physical Abuse. Burns and Scalds. Neglect. Emotional Maltreatment. Sexual Abuse: The Scope of the Problem. Clinical Aspects of Sexual Abuse Part I: Presentation, Related Symptoms, Medical Examination. Clinical Aspects of Sexual Abuse Part II: The Physical Examination. Sexual Abuse of Childrenwith Special Needs. Fetal Problems. Poisoning, Suffocation and Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy. Other Forms of Child Abuse. The Management of Child Abuse. Psychological Intervention and Treatment. Children in Care. Legal Aspects of Child Abuse Work. Fatal Child Abuse. Colour Plate Section. Index.
Pseudochromhidrosis: report and review of literature

Chromhidrosis is a rare condition where colored sweat comes from the apocrine or eccrine glands. Pseudochromhidrosis is an uncommon condition where colored sweat is related to specific dye‐producing bacteria, drugs, dyes, or chemical agents. This article provides a literature review of the various etiology, investigation, treatment, and prognosis. We propose an investigative algorithm to assist dermatologists, pediatric dermatologists, and general practitioners to diagnose this uncommon condition. The treatment options rely on the primary etiology such as removing dyes and chemical agents first and then treating the chromogenic bacteria. Topical and oral erythromycin seems to be the most effective treatment both in unidentified and identified chromogenic bacteria cases. Results and prognosis were excellent and without recurrence.
Rubulavirus: Mumps Virus

1 Identification of the Virus and Classification 2 Physical Properties 3 Genomic Structure 4 Biological Properties 5 Pathogenesis 6 Clinical Features 7 The Immune Response Following Mumps Virus Infection or Vaccination 8 Epidemiology 9 Treatment 10 Prevention 11 Laboratory Investigations Keywords: rubulavirus-mumps virus; mumps virus-classified in family paramyxoviridae; mumps virus morphology; NP, P, and L proteins-components of viral nucleocapsid (NC); 3' and 5' noncoding regions (NTR); small hydrophobic (SH) protein; paramyxovirus infection-adsorption, penetration, internalization of virion; hemagglutination and hemadsorption
Potential Utility of Multiplex Amplification Respiratory Viral Panel Testing in the Management of Acute Respiratory Infection in Children: A Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction respiratory viral panel (RVP) testing offers enhanced test performance characteristics compared with older testing methods. However, the impact of RVP testing on physician antimicrobial prescription practices remains unclear. Our objective was to assess the potential relationship of RVP testing to physician treatment practices for children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness (ARI). METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of children hospitalized for ARI during peak prevalence of respiratory viral infections in 2009-2011. Demographics, diagnostic testing, antimicrobial use, and clinical outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Antimicrobial use was compared with RVP testing data. RESULTS A total of 1727 patients met inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 254 (14.7%) children who were hospitalized for ARI received oseltamivir and 856 (49.6%) children received antibiotics. More children who received oseltamivir were positive for influenza by RVP (76.9% vs 18.0%; P < .0001). Children who underwent RVP testing received antibiotics more often than those who were not tested (53.7% vs 46.0%; P = .001), but children with a positive RVP test result received antibiotics less often (51.6% vs 67.0%; P = .003). A total of 5.8% of children who were positive for a viral pathogen by RVP had antibiotics discontinued. Antibiotics were started in fewer children when RVP results were positive (10.9% vs 100.0%; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Respiratory viral panel testing was associated with more appropriate oseltamivir use in children hospitalized with ARI. Physicians started antibiotics more often in children with a negative RVP test result and occasionally discontinued antibiotics in children diagnosed with a viral pathogen. These results suggest that RVP testing may enhance physician decision-making when prescribing antimicrobials in children hospitalized with ARI.