Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thrombosis Molecular Events in Acute Inflammation

The inflammatory response is characterized by a multistep molecular interaction between “signaling” cells, such as endothelial cells, and “responding” cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes. In the first step, selectins produced by signaling cells mediate the tethering of responding cells at sites of inflammation. Subsequently, an additional mediator expressed by signaling cells activates the tethered responding cells. Under pathological conditions, the same mechanism is invoked in inappropriate ways: (1) by prolonged presentation of selectins on the cell surface and (2) by the unregulated production of oxidized phospholipids that mimic the normal secondary signaling molecule, platelet-activating factor (PAF). The enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) inactivates PAF and oxidized phospholipids and constitutes an “off” switch that suppresses inflammation. Inhibition of normal PAF-AH function or inactivating mutations of the PAF-AH gene can lead to increased susceptibility to inflammatory disease. These studies have relevance to atherosclerosis and thrombosis, because inflammation is a central feature of both. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 2002;22:●●●-●●●.)
Innovation in public–private partnerships (PPPs): the Spanish case of highway concessions

This article identifies the factors that determine innovation in transport PPPs in Spain. Innovation is an important way of achieving efficiency but it is not an intrinsic characteristic of PPP projects. The authors describe the multiple regression model they devised to estimate innovation. The results show that PPP contracts can be designed to maximize innovation in R&D. However, there does not appear to be greater innovation in any other areas. The information provided has important implications for public service organizations considering new contracts with the private sector.
W-band 90nm CMOS LNA design

This manuscript describes our W-band LNA design using commercial 90nm CMOS process. For effectively extending the amplifier's bandwidth without compromising its wideband matching or noise figure, a combination of common-source and cascode gain stages are employed for the five-stage circuit design. This 1200×900μm2 low-noise amplifier has more than 10dB gain and around 12dB noise figure, with 41mW power consumption. Though primarily developed for our receiver array, this W-band LNA does find applications in areas such as image sensing, surveillance, radar, and millimeter-wave instrumentations. With consistent simulated and measured results, this circuit can be modified for covering even wider bandwidth whenever needed.
An Adaptive Cluster Validity Index Based on Fuzzy Set

Based on the basic theory of fuzzy set, this paper proposes the notion of FCM fuzzy set, which is subject to the constraint condition of FCM algorithm. The cluster fuzzy degree and the lattice degree of approaching for the FCM fuzzy set are presented, and their functions in the validation process of fuzzy clustering are deeply analyzed. A new cluster validity index is proposed, in which two factors such as the cluster fuzzy degree and the lattice degree of approaching are taken into comprehensive account. The notable advantage of the index is that it can adaptively adjust the relative significance levels of the two factors. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed cluster validity index.
Polyadenylation and degradation of mRNA in the chloroplast.

In the chloroplasts of higher plant and green algae mRNAs are transcribed as precursor RNAs which undergo a variety of maturation events, including cis- and trans-splicing, cleavage of polycistronic messages, processing of 5’ and 3’ ends, and RNA editing [1–4]. These post-transcriptional processes play an important role in regulating gene expression and in the chloroplast, they may be controlled in part by nuclear encoded-genes. For example, mutants of nuclear-encoded genes which affect the accumulation of specific chloroplast transcripts have been characterized in maize [5], Arabidopsis [6] and the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, reviewed in [4, 7]. A general characteristic of the plastid protein-coding region is the presence of inverted-repeat sequences in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR), which form a stem-loop structure when transcribed to RNA. The 3’ end of mature chloroplast mRNAs is located several nucleotides 3’ to this stem-loop structure. In contrast to similar structures found in bacterial mRNA, in chloroplasts these elements do not function as transcriptional terminators [8–10]. Instead, they serve as RNA-processing elements in vitro and are capable of stabilizing upstream RNA fragments in vivo and in vitro [8, 9, 11–14]. Here we focus on recent discoveries concerning the molecular mechanism of mRNA degradation in the chloroplast and the proteins involved.
Utilidad del Minimental State de Folstein en el diagnóstico diferencial de la demencia de Alzheimer, demencia vascular y demencia asociada a la enfermedad de Parkinson

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo-prospectivo en el Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" de Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba, para determinar las diferencias en la puntuación del Minimental State de Folstein en la demencia de Alzheimer, demencia vascular y demencia asociada a la enfermedad de Parkinson, así como las funciones cognitivas que más se afectan en cada una de ellas. Se analizaron 45, 12 y 14 pacientes, respectivamente, diagnosticados desde el 1 de enero de 1997 al 31 de enero de 1999. Se calcularon los porcentajes y la desviación estándar. Se halló que el valor promedio del Minimental State fue menor en la demencia de Alzheimer (16,3), seguido por el de la demencia vascular (17,2) y el de la demencia asociada a la enfermedad de Parkinson (17,9). La enfermedad de Alzheimer, presentó mayor afectación de la memoria inmediata y la atención; en la demencia vascular se comprobó mayor deterioro de la orientación y en la demencia asociada a la enfermedad de Parkinson, la mayor afectación fue en la memoria mediata, escritura y copia. Se encontró diferencia en los valores promedio en los diferentes tipos de demencia estudiados así como en las funciones mentales que se afectan según la variante de demencia.
Improved conditions for neutral delay systems with novel inequalities

This paper studies the stability problem of a class of neutral delay systems. It firstly establishes two novel integral inequalities, which are better than the same type inequalities found in the literature. Then it derives, by using the new inequalities and the Lyapunov functional method, some sufficient delay-dependent conditions for asymptotic stability of the neutral delay systems. Three numerical examples are provided to illustrate the advantage and effectiveness of the obtained results. c ©2017 All rights reserved.
The Role of Ocular Blood Flow in the Pathogenesis of Glaucomatous Damage

Can We Measure Ocular Blood Flow? Indeed, it is challenging to measure ocular blood flow (OBF)—several methods are used, but there is no gold standard as yet. Nevertheless, OBF can be measured and different instruments are already in daily use, both for clinical and research purposes. Although these different techniques quantify blood flow or blood-flow velocity in different vessels using different methods, the outcomes are very often well correlated (see Table 1).
Dual Gate Indium–Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Transistors Based on Anodic Aluminum Oxide Gate Dielectrics

In this paper, we propose a dual gate thin-film transistor (TFT) based on anodic aluminum oxide gate dielectrics and investigate the top gate (TG) effect on device performance. It is shown that the threshold voltage of TFTs could been linearly modulated with respect to the applied TG voltage due to the modification of vertical electric field distribution between the bottom gate and top gate. In addition, the introduction of top gate would lead to the asymmetric control of threshold voltage modulation by the variation of bottom gate-dielectric and TG-dielectric, which makes it attractive in the TFT fabrication for intensive use. Moreover, the additional TG can provide an effective light shielding that guarantee the electrical reliability of TFTs under negative bias illumination stress with only -0.37 V shift of threshold voltage after 9000 s. Owning to its linear controllability of threshold voltage, it is believed that the dual-gate structure will be tentatively introduced in the application of compensation pixel circuit.
Compact Dual-Band Slot Antenna at the Corner of the Ground Plane

A compact design of a dual-band (2.4-2.485 GHz and 5.15-5.825 GHz) slot antenna is proposed for WLAN applications. To achieve compact and practical design, the proposed antenna is composed of narrow slots, and placed in the 10 times 10 mm2 corner region on a typical FR4 printed circuit board for WLAN personal-digital-assistance (PDA) phones. The detailed design considerations are described in this communication. Also, simulation and measurement regarding the reflection coefficient and radiation pattern are conducted. Good agreement between both results is obtained.
Characterizing the Human Body as a Monopole Antenna

This paper, for the first time, fully characterizes the human body as a monopole antenna in the frequency range of 10-110 MHz, which contains the resonance frequency of the human body. The human body is represented by an equivalent cylindrical monopole antenna grounded on a highly conductive ground plane that is analyzed based on the three-term approximation method. The reflection coefficient is measured using a human subject as a monopole antenna. Measurement results show that the theoretical predictions are in reasonable agreement. It is found that the human body resonates between 40 and 60 MHz depending on the posture of the body when it is fed by a 50-Ω impedance system at the base of the foot. A minimum reflection coefficient of -12 dB is measured which demonstrates that the human body can be potentially used as an antenna. Theoretically, it is predicted that the human body can be an efficient antenna with a maximum radiation efficiency reaching up to 70%, which is supported by measurement results found in the literature.
Design of FOPID controller with various optimization algorithms for a SOPDT model

In the present work, Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative based controller is designed for the selected Second Order Plus Dead Time model and effect of variations in the parameter is analyzed. Various tuning techniques are implemented such as, Ziegler Nicholas, Cohen-Coon, Astrom-Hagglund and Chein-Hrones methods are employed with different algorithm such as, Nelder-Mead, Interior-Point and Sequential Quadratic Programming optimization techniques to regulate the fractional order parameter and classical parameter.
Tissue mechanics.

The human body, from an engineering point of view, is a load-transmitting mechanism. It is subjected to self-originated and/or environmentally-imposed actions (Abrahams 1965, Paul 1967). These in turn manifest themselves in actions on tissue, and the tissue’s capability to withstand and transmit the corresponding loads through deforming appropriately can be characterized in health and disease. Knowledge of such ‘load-deformation’ relations of the tissues can serve as a basis for diagnosis, for the development of techniques of therapy (in reconstructive surgery for example) and in general for monitoring treatment progress (Jansen 1955, Vlasblom 1967, Finlay 1970). The literature of tissue mechanics in its biological, biochemical, mechanical and other aspects is intimidating in its extent (see appended Bibliography). Despite this it is still far easier to list knowledge gaps which exist and work that requires to be done than to identify any achievement commensurate with the research effort expended and which can truly be claimed as relevant to the human patient. The authors-believers in pragmatic bioengineering-attempt in this paper to explore the reasons for this. Their competence is limited to the medical and mechanical aspects and the paper is presented within such limitations. It will, however, emerge that even such a limited exploration uncovers the need for a
Multimodal registration of high-resolution thermal image mosaics for the non-destructive evaluation of structures

This paper proposes an approach to automatically register thermal images to visible images by utilizing known relative camera positions. There are multiple areas of application for the fusion of visible and thermal images, but previous approaches require feature detection and matching in both visible and infrared ranges in order to register the two imaging modalities. In the application domain of structural diagnostics, it is not guaranteed that corresponding features will be present in the thermal images. The diagnostic imaging is being performed on building-scale targets which is another characteristic of this application that separates itself from prior thermal-visible registration studies. Non-destructive evaluation of structures could require the inspection of entire building facades which necessitates many thermal images to yield a desirable level of resolution and detail. The acquisition of high-resolution thermal image mosaics generates the level of detail required and provides context for the entire target structure. A low-cost camera mount was custom designed and 3D printed in order to mount visible web cameras around a thermal camera. Once the system is calibrated with a pair of multimodal images that contain corresponding features, every subsequent pair of images can be automatically registered. An application for this approach is presented in which the generation of a visible image mosaic in turn automatically generates a registered thermal image mosaic. The benefit of this approach is that there is no reliance on features being present in the thermal images in order to register them to the visible images.
Spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral image using Distributed Extreme Learning Machine with MapReduce

ELM and MapReduce has an unparalleled advantage of other similar technologies, which attract widely attention in machine learning and distributed data processing communities respectively. In this paper, we combine the advantage of ELM and MapReduce, and propose a Distributed Extreme Learning Machine based on MapReduce framework (DELMM), which makes full use of the parallel computing ability of MapReduce framework and realizes efficient learning of large-scale training data. In particular, we present a spectral-spatial DELMM-based classifier for hyperspectral remote sensing images that integrates the information provided by extended morphological profiles. The proposed spectral-spatial classifier allows different weights for both (spatial and spectral) features outperforming other ELM-based classifiers in terms of accuracy for land cover applications. The accuracy classification results are also better than those obtained by equivalent spectral-spatial SVM-based classifiers.
Doppler Ultrasound High-definition Flow Imaging in the Study of Breast Cancer Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy

Tumor vascularity, an important factor correlated with tumor malignancy, would be used to evaluate the effect of the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery and their correlation in the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. High-definition flow (HDF) Doppler ultrasound is performed to investigate blood flow and solid directional flow information in breast tumors. This study utilizes an automatic method to extract vascular centre-lines from the tumor area. The vascularity quantization is estimated from the vascular centre-lines, in addition, the morphology features are extracted from ultrasound images. This study includes 76 patients with breast cancer treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Finally, through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), observing the association between breast cancer molecular subtypes and each period of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.
Future Thinking in Young Children

The study of future thinking is gaining momentum across various domains of psychology. Mentally projecting the self forward in time (i.e., mental time travel) is argued to be uniquely human and of vital importance to the evolution of human culture. Yet it is only recently that developmentalists have begun to study when, and how, this capacity emerges. I begin by outlining the concept of mental time travel, along with newly developed methodologies to test children's ability to mentally project the self into the future. Data suggest that this ability is in place by ages 4 or 5 but also reveal conditions under which children may experience difficulty accurately predicting their future desires. I conclude by discussing how the research on children's mental time travel can be used to further our understanding of the development of future-oriented behaviors, including planning and delaying gratification.
Self-organized-criticality model consistent with statistical properties of edge turbulence in a fusion plasma.

The statistical properties of the intermittent signal generated by a recent model for self-organized criticality are examined. A successful comparison is made with previously published results of the equivalent quantities measured in the electrostatic turbulence at the edge of a fusion plasma. This result reestablishes self-organized criticality as a potential paradigm for transport in magnetic fusion devices, overriding shortcomings pointed out in earlier works [E. Spada, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3032 (2001)10.1103/PhysRevLett.86. 3032; V. Antoni, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 045001 (2001)10.1103/PhysRevLett.87. 045001].
Astragaloside IV inhibits hypoxia-induced cardiac myocytes death via PKCβ/Egr-1 pathway

Astragaloside IV exerts beneficial effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury. However, the exact mechanisms needs further disclosed. This study was designed to investigate the role of PKCβ/Egr-1 pathway in the protective effect of Astragaloside IV on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Exposed under hypoxia/reoxygenation condition, the primary cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes viability was reduced significantly. While the expression of Egr-1, the phosphorylated level of PKCβ and ERK kinase, and the activities of SOD and MDA were up-regulated obviously. On the other hand, the cells with Astragaloside IV preconditioning increased cell survival rate compared with hypoxia/ reoxygenation alone. Moreover, the expression of Egr-1, the phosphorylated level of PKCβ, and ERK was decreased in Astragaloside IV group. Taken together, these results suggest that the cardioprotection of Astragaloside IV may be through the down-regulation of PKCβ/Egr-1 pathway.
2 Single Message Multicast Algorithm

This paper presents a multicast algorithm, called MSM-s, for pointto-multipoint transmissions. The algorithm, which has complexity O(n) in respect of the number n of nodes, is easy to implement and can actually be applied in other point-to-multipoint systems such as distributed computing. We analyze the algorithm and we provide some upper and lower bounds for the multicast time delay.
Quantum parametric resonance

The quantum mechanical equivalent of parametric resonance is studied. A simple model of a periodically kicked harmonic oscillator is introduced which can be solved exactly. Classically stable and unstable regions in parameter space are shown to correspond to Floquet operators with qualitatively different properties. Their eigenfunctions, which are calculated exactly, exhibit a transition: for parameter values with classically stable solutions the eigenstates are normalizable while they cannot be normalized for parameter values with classically unstable solutions. Similarly, the spectrum of quasi energies undergoes a specific transition. These observations remain valid qualitatively for arbitrary linear systems exhibiting classically parametric resonance such as the paradigm example of a frequency modulated pendulum described by Mathieu's equation.
Details of the plasma-spreading process in thyristors

In this paper, an exact two-dimensional numerical model is used to analyze the plasma-spreading process in detail. The exact model offers the advantages that no assumptions have to be made about the nature of the spreading process as well as allowing all aspects of the device operation to be carefully examined. From careful study of the carrier densities, voltage distributions, and lateral current densities it is conclusively shown that the plasma-spreading process occurs as a result of the spread in the area of the injecting (active) portion of the n emitter. It is also shown that the start of the plasma spread occurs when the lateral base resistance becomes conductivity modulated by the carrier buildup at the emitter periphery. The factor controlling this is as well as the spreading velocity is the excess hole charge available in the p base. Using these concepts an approximate theory is developed which suggests that(d/dt) \ln (X) \propto J^{1/n}, whereXis the size of the active region. This proposition is tested with good success on the devices under study and on data available from a literature source.
Protection by the NDI 1 Gene against Neurodegeneration in a Rotenone Rat Model of Parkinson ’ s Disease

It is widely recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction, most notably defects in the NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I), is closely related to the etiology of sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD). In fact, rotenone, a complex I inhibitor, has been used for establishing PD models both in vitro and in vivo. A rat model with chronic rotenone exposure seems to reproduce pathophysiological conditions of PD more closely than acute mouse models as manifested by neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra and Lewy body-like cytosolic aggregations. Using the rotenone rat model, we investigated the protective effects of alternative NADH dehydrogenase (Ndi1) which we previously demonstrated to act as a replacement for complex I both in vitro and in vivo. A single, unilateral injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying the NDI1 gene into the vicinity of the substantia nigra resulted in expression of the Ndi1 protein in the entire substantia nigra of that side. It was clear that the introduction of the Ndi1 protein in the substantia nigra rendered resistance to the deleterious effects caused by rotenone exposure as assessed by the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine. The presence of the Ndi1 protein also prevented cell death and oxidative damage to DNA in dopaminergic neurons observed in rotenone-treated rats. Unilateral protection also led to uni-directional rotation of the rotenone-exposed rats in the behavioral test. The present study shows, for the first time, the powerful neuroprotective effect offered by the Ndi1 enzyme in a rotenone rat model of PD.
The Use of Portable Raman Spectroscopy to Identify Conservation Treatments Applied to Heritage Stone

ABSTRACT Nondestructive in situ analysis of materials is highly desirable in cultural heritage studies, because it precludes the need for intensive sampling. The present study focused on the usability of Raman spectrometers, which can provide such analysis, in the identification of conservation treatments applied to stone materials forming part of the architectural heritage. Two products commonly used to conserve stone monuments, an ethylmethacrylate copolymer and an ethyl orthosilicate, were analyzed with a Raman spectrometer, both as supplied and after application to limestone. The main conclusion was that portable Raman analyzers can detect the presence and—in some cases—identify the nature of products on stone substrates. The latter is not always possible due to product-stone substrate interaction. The study clearly showed that a product and substrate database is needed for portable Raman spectroscopy to be usable in the analysis of conservation products, both before and after application to stone substrates.