Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social media in public health.

INTRODUCTION OR BACKGROUND While social media interactions are currently not fully understood, as individual health behaviors and outcomes are shared online, social media offers an increasingly clear picture of the dynamics of these processes. SOURCES OF DATA Social media is becoming an increasingly common platform among clinicians and public health officials to share information with the public, track or predict diseases. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Social media can be used for engaging the public and communicating key public health interventions, while providing an important tool for public health surveillance. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Social media has advantages over traditional public health surveillance, as well as limitations, such as poor specificity, that warrant additional study. GROWING POINTS Social media can provide timely, relevant and transparent information of public health importance; such as tracking or predicting the spread or severity of influenza, west nile virus or meningitis as they propagate in the community, and, in identifying disease outbreaks or clusters of chronic illnesses. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Further work is needed on social media as a valid data source for detecting or predicting diseases or conditions. Also, whether or not it is an effective tool for communicating key public health messages and engaging both, the general public and policy-makers.
Pathogenic point mutations in a transmembrane domain of the ε subunit increase the Ca2+ permeability of the human endplate ACh receptor

The ε subunit of the human endplate ACh receptor (AChR) is a key determinant of the large fraction of the ACh‐evoked current carried by Ca2+ ions (Pf). Consequently, missense mutations in the ε subunit are potential targets for altering the Pf of human AChR. In this paper we investigate the effects of two pathogenic point mutations in the M2 transmembrane segment AChR ε subunit, εT264P and εV259F, that cause slow‐channel syndromes (SCS). When expressed in GH4C1 cells, the mutant receptors subunits raise Ca2+ permeability of the receptors ∼1.5 and ∼2‐fold above that of wild‐type, to attain Pf values of 11.8% (εT264P) and 15.4% (εV259F). The latter value exceeds most Pf values reported to date for ligand‐gated ion channels. Consistent with these findings, the biionic Ca2+ permeability ratio (PCa/PCs) of the mutant AChRs is also increased. Upon repetitive stimulation with ACh, the mutant receptors show an enhanced current run‐down compared with wild‐type, leading to a strong reduction of their function. We propose that the enhanced Ca2+ permeability of the mutant receptors overrides the protective effect of desensitization and, together with the prolonged opening events of the AChR channel, is an important determinant of the excitotoxic endplate damage in the SCS.
FRIZZY PANICLE is required to prevent the formation of axillary meristems and to establish floral meristem identity in rice spikelets

Inflorescences of grass species have a distinct morphology in which florets are grouped in compact branches called spikelets. Although many studies have shown that the molecular and genetic mechanisms that control floret organ formation are conserved between monocots and dicots, little is known about the genetic pathway leading to spikelet formation. In the frizzy panicle (fzp) mutant of rice, the formation of florets is replaced by sequential rounds of branching. Detailed analyses revealed that several rudimentary glumes are formed in each ectopic branch, indicating that meristems acquire spikelet identity. However, instead of proceeding to floret formation, axillary meristems are formed in the axils of rudimentary glumes and they either arrest or develop into branches of higher order. The fzp mutant phenotype suggests that FZP is required to prevent the formation of axillary meristems within the spikelet meristem and permit the subsequent establishment of floral meristem identity. The FZP gene was isolated by transposon tagging. FZP encodes an ERF transcription factor and is the rice ortholog of the maize BD1 gene. Consistent with observations from phenotypic analyses, FZP expression was found to be restricted to the time of rudimentary glumes differentiation in a half-ring domain at the base of which the rudimentary glume primordium emerged.
On Asynchronicity of Moves and Coordination

This paper shows that asynchronicity of moves can lead to a unique prediction in coordination games, in an infinite-horizon setting, under certain conditions on off-equilibrium payoffs. In two-player games we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for play ultimately being absorbed in the Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium of the stage game, for every Markov perfect equilibrium. For players patient enough, the condition is that the Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium is also risk dominant, but for lower levels of patience the condition departs from simple risk-dominance. For general n-player symmetric games with patient players, we show that a necessary and sufficient condition for the Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium to be the unique limit outcome in all symmetric Markov perfect equilibrium is a particular generalization of risk-dominance for more than two players. We provide extensions to the unique selection results to all subgame perfect Nash equilibria, and to coordination games in which different players prefer different Nash equilibria of the stage game.
Brief Clinical Report REDUCTION OF CENTRAL POSTSTROKE PAIN WITH THE SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITOR FLUVOXAMINE

To investigate the effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluvoxamine on central poststroke pain (CPSP), fluvoxamine (25 to 125 mg daily) was given to 31 patients. Although 3 patients dropped out within 1 week, 28 patients who received fluvoxamine for 2 to 4 weeks showed a significant reduction in the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain from 7.7 - 2.2 to 6.0 - 3.4 (p <. 01). This improvement in VAS was significant in patients within less than 1 year after stroke, but not in those with a duration of more than 1 year. Zung s Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) was also significantly improved after treatment, but there was no significant correlation between the changes in VAS and SDS. Although this is not a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, these results suggest that fluvoxarnine is useful for the control of CPSP regardless of depression when used relatively early after stroke.
Left ventricular systolic function assessment in secondary mitral regurgitation: left ventricular ejection fraction vs. speckle tracking global longitudinal strain.

AIMS Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) is currently considered for the decision making of patients with mitral regurgitation (MR). However, LVEF represents change in LV volume between end-diastole and end-systole but does not characterize the intrinsic function of the myocardium. In contrast, speckle-tracking global longitudinal strain (GLS) characterizes myocardial deformation. The present study evaluated whether LV GLS may detect further impairment in LV systolic function in dilated cardiomyopathy patients with and without severe secondary MR matched based on LVEF. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (N = 150, 59 ± 12 years old, 58% male) were included: 75 patients with severe secondary MR and 75 patients with none or less than mild MR matched 1 : 1 according to LVEF. The LV systolic function was evaluated by LVEF (following Simpson's biplane method), forward ejection fraction (forward stroke volume relative to LV end-diastolic volume), and speckle-tracking GLS. By definition, LVEF was comparable between the two groups (patients with severe MR 31 ± 10 vs. patients with no/mild MR 31 ± 10%, P = 0.93). However, patients with severe MR had significantly lower forward ejection fraction (29 ± 14 vs. 40 ± 18%, P < 0.001) and more impaired GLS (-8.08 ± 3.33 vs. -9.78 ± 3.78%, P = 0.004) compared with their counterparts. The presence of severe secondary MR was significantly associated with worse LV GLS (β 1.32, 95% confidence interval 0.14-2.49, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION In patients with severe secondary MR, speckle-tracking GLS shows more deteriorated LV systolic function than LVEF.
In vitro antioxidant, antimutagenic and genoprotective activity of Rosa roxburghii fruit extract

The antioxidant properties of the fruit of the Rosa roxburghii (RR) plant have been associated with several putative health promoting effects. The possible cytotoxic, mutagenic/antimutagenic and genotoxic effects of RR fruit extract were investigated. The effect on antioxidant status and protection against induced oxidative stress were also investigated using primary rat hepatocytes. A RR fruit extract containing 45 g/L total ascorbic acid and 65 g/L total polyphenols was used in this study. Dilutions up to 0.08% (v/v) increased significantly the antioxidant status in primary rat hepatocytes. The glutathione redox state was decreased with RR treatment but was increased in Chang liver cells and MT‐2 lymphoblast. No cyto‐ or genotoxicity were observed at levels of up to 5% (v/v) of the fruit extract. In addition, a significant protection against t‐BHP induced oxidative stress was observed in primary rat hepatocytes. The Ames test revealed no mutagenic activity using the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100 and TA102. A significant antimutagenic effect of the extract was observed against the metabolic activated mutagens 2‐acetylaminofluorene and aflatoxin B1 and to a lesser extent against methyl methanesulfonate. It is concluded that these results support the associated health promoting potential of Rosa Roxburghii fruit and in particular against oxidative stress. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can an Herbal Agent Replace Estrogen for Hot Flashes?

Two years ago publication of the results of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study has changed the lives of millions of women who had previously used hormone therapy to control hot flashes. Since then many otherwise healthy women have joined breast cancer survivors in search of alternative relief for menopause-related symptoms. Over the past decade, investigators at the Mayo Clinic have conducted landmark research on nonestrogen-based treatments for such symptoms to improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. The agents studied have ranged from megesterol acetate, the effects of which were similar to those of estrogen, through antidepressants, soy products, and vitamin E. – 10] Among the placebo controls in these studies, reductions in hot flash scores have averaged from 20% to 30%. The pharmaceuticals have generally been associated with more dramatic reductions in hot flashes than the nutritional supplements, but the investigators have recognized that many patients wish to avoid prescription medications that are not absolutely necessary. Among the most popular over-the-counter remedies for hot flashes is Remifemin, a standardized extract of black cohosh in pill form. Black cohosh is an herb native to North America that has a long history of use for inflammation and gynecologic complaints in traditional American Indian medicine. – 14] The commercial product Remifemin has been used in Germany for 50 years and has been available in the United States for at least a decade. The study conducted by Pockaj et al. and described in this issue is a single-arm pilot trial of Remifemin at the packagerecommended dose of one tablet taken orally twice a day. Black cohosh has been studied more extensively than many other herbal agents for menopausal symptoms. Although the popularity of Remifemin may be due as much to advertising as to efficacy, it has made the assessment of safety an urgent matter, especially for women, including breast cancer patients, who are taking other agents, such as selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs). Although believed, and feared, to be a phytoestrogen, Remifemin showed no effect on
Spectral sensitivity of the fovea. I. Neutral adaptation.

The spectral sensitivity of the 1° fovea of the right eye of two practiced observers was measured at 10 mμ intervals from 400 mμ to 700 mμ for the dark-adapted state and for the bright-adapted (10mL), chromatically neutral state. Ten complete luminosity functions were obtained for each observer for each of the specified adaptations. The data of these experiments are intended to provide controls against which to evaluate luminosity data for different chromatic states. A number of inflections and shoulders are found in the functions for both states of adaptation. Moreover, the functions for both observers are shown to undergo a change in form and a displacement from the bright to the dark-adapted state. These changes in the foveal functions, although small in magnitude, are in the same sense as the familiar “Purkinje shift. ” Alternative theoretical explanations of the data are discussed and analyzed.
Exploring the optimal operation time for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage: tracking the expression and progress of cell apoptosis of prehematomal brain tissues.

BACKGROUND Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is a severe disease with high morbidity and mortality. Timely removal of the hematoma through surgical procedures may effectively reduce secondary injuries. However, there has long been a debate over the proper timing of such surgery. In this study, we explored the optimal operation time for HICH patients by observing the pathological changes in perihematomal brain regions during different stages of onset. METHODS Twenty-five specimens of brain tissue, obtained from perihematomal region of HICH patients in different phases, were subjected to haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and Caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) immunohistochemical staining. The changing roles of necrosis and apoptosis and the expression of MMP-9 and Caspase-3 positive cells were all observed using image analysis. RESULTS The obvious expression of TUNEL positive cells was recognized within 6 hours of ICH onset, reaching its peak between 6 hours and 24 hours in the early phase. RESULTS were highly consistent with Caspase-3 and MMP-9 positive cell counts. Necrosis was found 6 hours after ICH onset and aggravated after 12 hours. CONCLUSIONS In the early phase, apoptosis was seen as a major modality of injury in the brain tissue of the perihematomal region and was strongly correlated with the expression of MMP-9 and Caspase-3. The results of the present study suggest that an operation performed as soon as possible after ICH onset may be optimal for preserving the nervous system function.
L'UMLS entre langue et ontologie: une approche pragmatique dans le domaine médical

L'UMLS® (Unified Medical Language System®), que l'on pourrait traduire par « Systeme d'unification de la langue medicale », est un produit terminologique extremement riche, construit de facon pragmatique, et que l'on peut apprehender de facon multiple. Nous donnons un apercu de ce qu'est l'UMLS et mettons l'accent sur deux de ses aspects potentiellement antinomiques: sa relation aux ontologies et sa relation a la langue.
Bortezomib enhances the radiosensitivity of hypoxic cervical cancer cells by inhibiting HIF-1α expression.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the radiosensitivity of bortezomib to cervical cancer and the possible underlying mechanism. METHODS HeLa and SiHa cell lines with or without hypoxia treatment were divided into control, radiation alone, bortezomib alone, and radiotherapy plus bortezomib groups. CCK8 assay, clone formation assay, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence test were used to measure cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, and DNA double-strand break (DSB). Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of HIF-1α, PARP-1, and caspase-3, -8, and -9. RESULT Statistical analysis of data revealed that bortezomib at nanomolar level exerted a radiosensitization effect on both cervical cancer cell lines in normoxia or hypoxia. Western blot analysis showed that the drug could inhibit hypoxia-related HIF-1α expression to increase apoptosis-related caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation and DNA DSB-related PARP-1 cleavage. CONCLUSIONS Radiotherapy sensitization of bortezomib on cervical cancer cell lines had a drug-dose relation, and sensitization in hypoxia was more remarkable than in normoxia. Bortezomib may be a potential radiotherapy sensitization drug for cervical cancer.
Chromospheric activity and rotation of FGK stars in the solar vicinity - An estimation of the radial velocity jitter

Context. Chromospheric activity produces both photometric and spectroscopic variations that can be mistaken as planets. Large spots crossing the stellar disc can produce planet-like periodic variations in the light curve of a star. These spots clearly affect the spectral line profiles, and their perturbations alter the line centroids creating a radial velocity jitter that might “contaminate” the variations induced by a planet. Precise chromospheric activity measurements are needed to estimate the activity-induced noise that should be expected for a given star. Aims. We obtain precise chromospheric activity measurements and projected rotational velocities for nearby (d ≤ 25 pc) cool (spectral types F to K) stars, to estimate their expected activity-related jitter. As a complementary objective, we attempt to obtain relationships between fluxes in different activity indicator lines, that permit a transformation of traditional activity indicators, i.e., Ca II H & K lines, to others that hold noteworthy advantages. Methods. We used high resolution (~50 000) echelle optical spectra. Standard data reduction was performed using the IRAF ECHELLE package. To determine the chromospheric emission of the stars in the sample, we used the spectral subtraction technique. We measured the equivalent widths of the chromospheric emission lines in the subtracted spectrum and transformed them into fluxes by applying empirical equivalent width and flux relationships. Rotational velocities were determined using the cross-correlation technique. To infer activity-related radial velocity (RV) jitter, we used empirical relationships between this jitter and the R’_HK index. Results. We measured chromospheric activity, as given by different indicators throughout the optical spectra, and projected rotational velocities for 371 nearby cool stars. We have built empirical relationships among the most important chromospheric emission lines. Finally, we used the measured chromospheric activity to estimate the expected RV jitter for the active stars in the sample.
Photonic-assisted wideband phase noise measurement of microwave signal sources

A photonic-assisted scheme for the phase noise measurement of microwave signal sources is proposed based on the optical delay-line method. In the proposed scheme, all the microwave signal processing is implemented in the optical domain, and the electrical devices that would limit the operation bandwidth and measurement sensitivity are avoided, leading to a large operation bandwidth and a high sensitivity. The feasibility of the proved phase noise measurement system is experimentally verified. A large operation bandwidth of 5–40 GHz is achieved, and a phase noise floor as low as −140 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset is obtained.
Parallel Simulation of a Fluid Flow by Means of the SPH Method: OpenMP vs. MPI Comparison

The SPH method for simulating incompressible fluids is presented in this article. The background and principles of the SPH method are explained and its application to incompressible fluids simulations is discussed. The parallel implementation of the SPH simulation with OpenMP and MPI environments are demonstrated. Both models of parallel implementation are analyzed and discussed. The comparison of both models is performed and discussed, as well as their results.
Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana

Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor protein (rab-GDI) plays an essential role in secretory pathways. To date, the question of multiplicity of GDI isoforms in higher plants remains open and dbEST search, PCR and Southern blot analysis have been used to assess the isoform composition of rab-GDI in Arabidopsis thaliana. A novel rab-GDI isoform, ,4rGDI2, was identified which shares 90% identity in amino acid sequence with the known A. thaliana GDI and significantly differs from it by the stucture of its 5' and 3' untranslated regions.
The EMBL nucleotide sequence database

The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/) is maintained at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) in an international collaboration with the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) and GenBank at the NCBI (USA). Data is exchanged amongst the collaborating databases on a daily basis. The major contributors to the EMBL database are individual authors and genome project groups. Webin is the preferred web-based submission system for individual submitters, whilst automatic procedures allow incorporation of sequence data from large-scale genome sequencing centres and from the European Patent Office (EPO). Database releases are produced quarterly. Network services allow free access to the most up-to-date data collection via ftp, email and World Wide Web interfaces. EBI's Sequence Retrieval System (SRS), a network browser for databanks in molecular biology, integrates and links the main nucleotide and protein databases plus many specialized databases. For sequence similarity searching a variety of tools (e.g. Blitz, Fasta, BLAST) are available which allow external users to compare their own sequences against the latest data in the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database and SWISS-PROT.
A battery charging compatible profile for wireless power transfer

Wireless power transfer has been introduced as a proper replacement for conventional cable power transfer systems recently. With the developments of the electric transportation, transferring power wirelessly has been found to introduce several advantages in charging Lithium-Ion batteries. Among different configurations of wireless power transfer, Series Parallel structure is found to be more interesting in high power applications, because of its high voltage gain. This paper investigates almost consistent output voltage of a wireless power transfer system with fixed switching frequency which fits Lithium-Ion battery charging profiles. Moreover, ZVS operation of the switches in rated power is guaranteed in order to avoid MOSFETs switching losses. A method for selecting the compensation capacitors is introduced. Simulation and experimental results are used to verify the theory.