Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Influenza among Adult Respiratory Hospitalizations: a Systemic Review

Melissa Whaley Role of Influenza among Adult Respiratory Hospitalizations: a Systematic Review (Under the direction of Dr. Lisa Casanova, faculty member) With the threat of avian influenza, influenza laboratory testing and surveillance capacity has increased globally. Data from global surveillance activities have been used to identify circulating influenza strains for vaccine policy decisions, and have provided evidence of influenza disease among various populations. A recent meta-analysis, which includes findings from these surveillance efforts, has shown that influenza contributes to 10% of pediatric respiratory hospitalizations. Although statistical models indicate a high burden of influenza-associated morbidity among older adults and pandemic studies reveal an increase in hospitalizations among young adults, the global burden of seasonal influenza among adults remains unknown. In order to estimate the global burden of seasonal influenza among adult respiratory hospitalizations, we conducted a systematic review of the published literature, and identified 48 eligible articles published between January 1996 and June 2012 that met our inclusion criteria. We combined these published datasets with 29 eligible, unique datasets from year-round, influenza hospital-based surveillance. These combined data covered 50 countries with varying income and vaccine policies. Extracting numbers tested and positive for influenza, we calculated crude median positive proportions and evaluated potential differences in crude proportions among variables using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests. We observed differences by data source and country development status when we included the 2009 pandemic year. With the exclusion of the 2009 pandemic year, we then generated adjusted pooled estimates using the log binomial model. We found 11% of cases from adult respiratory hospitalizations worldwide were laboratory-confirmed for influenza. This pooled estimate was independent of age but increased as country development or income level decreased. Our findings suggest that influenza is an important contributor to severe acute respiratory illness among both young and older adult populations. For countries without reliable influenza data, we provide an estimate that they may use in planning and allocating resources for the control and prevention of influenza. ROLE OF INFLUENZA AMONG ADULT RESPIRATORY HOSPITALIZATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
NONINVASIVE IMAGING OF LUNG PATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY IN MURINE MODELS OF ASTHMA AND COPD

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES . vii LIST OF COMMON ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS . viii PREFACE . ix CHAPTER 1 . 1 1.00 – Overview . 1 SECTION 1.1 – THE LUNG IN HEALTH AND DISEASE . 2 1.10 – Lung Structure, Function, and Physiology . 2 1.11 – Obstructive Lung Disease . 4 1.12 – Pathobiology of Atopic Asthma . 6 1.13 – Pathobiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 7 SECTION 1.2 – MEDICAL IMAGING OF THE LUNG . 9 1.20 – Imaging Modalities Overview . 9 1.21 – Computed Tomography . 11 1.22 – Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography . 13 SECTION 1.3 – MEASUREMENT OF LUNG DISEASE . 14 1.30 – Measurement Overview . 14 1.31 – Sputum, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, and Excised Tissue . 15 1.32 – Spirometry . 16 1.33 – Anatomical Imaging . 17 1.34 – Ventilation/Perfusion . 18 SECTION 1.4 – PRE-CLINICAL EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMS . 20 1.40 – Modelling Overview . 20 1.41 – Asthma Models . 21 1.42 – COPD Models . 22 SECTION 1.5 – PRE-CLINICAL IMAGING . 23 1.50 – Small Animal Imaging Overview . 23 1.51 – Quantification . 23 1.51 – Preclinical Imaging of the Lung . 24 SECTION 1.6 – PARADIGM, HYPOTHESIS, AND OBJECTIVES . 25 1.60 – Central Paradigm . 25 1.61 – Hypothesis . 25 1.62 – Objectives . 25 SECTION 1.7 – SUMMARY . 25 1.70 – Potential for Imaging in the field of Lung Disease . 25 1.71 – Overview of Work Completed . 26 CHAPTER 2 . 28 2.0 – Overview of Chapter 2 . 28 2.1 – ABSTRACT . 30 2.2 – INTRODUCTION . 30 2.3 – MATERIALS AND METHODS . 31 2.4 – RESULTS . 35 2.5 – DISCUSSION . 43 2.6 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 46 2.7 – REFERENCES . 46 Ph.D. Thesis – B.N. Jobse; McMaster University – Medical Sciences vi CHAPTER 3 . 48 3.0 – Overview of Chapter 3 . 48 3.1 – ABSTRACT . 50 3.2 – INTRODUCTION . 50 3.3 – MATERIALS AND METHODS . 51 3.4 – RESULTS . 58 3.5 – DISCUSSION . 64 3.6 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 67 3.7 – REFERENCES . 67 CHAPTER 4 . 70 4.0 – Overview of Chapter 4 . 70 4.1 – ABSTRACT . 72 4.2 – INTRODUCTION . 72 4.3 – MATERIALS AND METHODS . 74 4.4 – RESULTS . 78 4.5 – DISCUSSION . 82 4.6 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 84 4.7 – REFERENCES . 84 CHAPTER 5 . 87 5.0 – Overview of Chapter 5 . 87 5.1 – ABSTRACT . 89 5.2 – INTRODUCTION . 89 5.3 – MATERIALS AND METHODS . 91 5.4 – RESULTS . 94 5.5 – DISCUSSION . 101 5.6 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 103 5.7 – REFERENCES . 103 CHAPTER 6 . 105 6.00 – Overview of Work Completed . 105 SECTION 6.1 – CONTRIBUTIONS TO ACADEMIC RESEARCH . 105 6.10 – Summary of Technical Advances . 105 6.11 – Knowledge of Allergic Inflammation .
Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms and Costs in British Columbia: A Provincial Summary Report

We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the other co-investigators Mark Asbridge, Samantha Cukier, Robert Mann and Gerald Thomas and collaborators. We would also like to gratefully acknowledge receipt of data from the Provincial Liquor Board as well as from the Ministries of Health and Ministry of Energy and Mines. We also sincerely thank Kathleen Perkin for her design of this bulletin. Please note the views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the perspectives or policies of the organizations acknowledged.
Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine

A comprehensive - one-stop resource covering the field of pain medicine in about 1000 printed pages. Truly inter-disciplinary, with coverage of all major approaches to pain, from pharmacologic and neurologic to behavioural and technologic, in reflection of increasing use of multi-disciplinary pain clinics. Includes coverage of the basic science of pain in addition to clinical diagnosis and therapeutics, so readers have access to the important anatomical, physiological, and molecular basis of pain. Each chapter has been contributed by a leading national authority, giving readers trustworthy, accurate, updated information from the best clinicians in the field. Diagnosis section provides the latest developments and technology in pain medicine, including electrodiagnostic approaches and functional MRI. Includes a section on behavioural aspects of pain, with multiple chapters addressing this increasingly important and utilized aspect of pain medicine. Also includes chapters on legal, ethical, and practical aspects of running a pain medicine clinic, so readers learn how to "set up shop". This section helps define the book as a reference-text for the specialty of pain medicine.
Cervical cancer in pregnancy in Songklanagarind Hospital

Cervical cancer in pregnancy is increasingly reported worldwide nowadays. We studied eleven Thai pregnant women presenting with the clinical symptoms and signs of cervical cancer at Songklanagarind Hospital in Hat-Yai, Thailand between 1982-2001. Their mean age was 35.5 (range 30 to 41) years. The most common presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding, occurring in six patients (54.5%). Four patients (36.4%) were asymptomatic. The diagnosis of cervical cancer was made by biopsy of a gross lesion in seven of the women (63.6%). Four patients were referred for an abnormal Papanicolaou smear, and invasive disease was confirmed by colposcopic directed biopsy. A cone biopsy was performed without complications to the pregnancy in one patient diagnosed with microinvasion. Five patients (45.5%) were diagnosed before 20 weeks gestation. Most patients had stage I lesions. The predominant histologic cell type was squamous cell carcinoma in 8 cases (72.7%), followed by adenocarcinoma in 3 cases (27.3%). Eight patients postponed therapy to optimize fetal outcome, with a mean diagnosis-to-treatment interval of 134 days (range 27-327). Seven patients are free of disease after follow-up for 28 to 82 months. Patients in this study mostly had a good outcome.
Bases neurobiológicas de los trastornos específicos de la comunicación (espectro autista)

Desarrollo. Se analizan los factores neurobiologicos de los trastornos de la comunicacion relacionados con el espectro autista, en base a las evidencias cientificas por los hallazgos neuroanatomopatologicos, de neuroimagen, neurobioquimicos y neurofisiologicos descritos. Se ponen de manifiesto los distintos sistemas implicados en esta patologia, que conlleva su variabilidad clinica y la dificultad en la orientacion terapeutica. Conclusion. El analisis de los factores descritos y la comparacion de hallazgos de los distintos casos clinicos con estas patologias puede permitir una aproximacion para una mejor compresion de estos trastornos.
ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS IN TURKISH TEXTILE AND APPAREL INDUSTRIES, 1992-2011

There exists a large body of literature that deals with socio-economic aspects of textile and apparel industries and their macroeconomic development (such as economic fluctuations). We would like to contribute to the debate by addressing two important questions which adopts a different perspective: First, are textile and apparel industries less stable than other sectors in Turkey? Second, are textile and apparel industries among the leading industries that experience the economic crisis and recoveries before the national economy? Two interesting results emerge from our analysis. First, textile and apparel industries follow a more volatile growth pattern than other industries. Second, textile and apparel industries experience the economic crisis and recoveries approximately 2-9 months earlier than national economy.
The Effects of Altered Diet on the Health of the Karuk People

A method of forming an insulated gate semiconductor device includes the steps of patterning an insulated gate electrode on a face of a substrate containing a first conductivity type region and forming a trench at the face using the gate electrode as a mask. Second conductivity type dopants are then deposited onto the bottom and sidewalls of the trench and diffused into the substrate to form a relatively lightly doped first body region. The gate electrode is then used again as a mask during a step of implanting a relatively high dose of second conductivity type dopants at the bottom of the trench. These implanted dopants are then partially diffused laterally and downwardly away from the bottom and sidewalls of the trench. The gate electrode is then used again to deposit first conductivity type dopants onto the sidewalls (and bottom) of the trench. The deposited first conductivity type dopants on the sidewalls and previously partially diffused second conductivity type dopants are then simultaneously diffused into the first body region. During this step, the deposited first conductivity type dopants diffuse laterally away from the sidewalls of trench and underneath the insulated gate electrode into the surrounding first body region to form source regions. The partially diffused second conductivity type dopants also continue to diffuse laterally away from the lowermost portions of the sidewalls of the trench and downward from the bottom of the trench to form a relatively wide second body region underneath the source region(s).
REFLEKSJA W ZAWODZIE NAUCZYCIELA – ZAŁOŻENIA A REALNE MOŻLIWOŚCI REALIZACJI

The category of reflection has a long tradition in education. The aim of this article is to focus on the reasons for the difficulties of putting this construct into practice and on educational consequences of this, as well on some paradoxes in education today. Among the main reasons for the difficulties are discussed: the interpretation of reflection, the disregard for the specifics of the profession of the FL teacher in curriculum standards and administrative regulations and the negative influence of market-oriented ideology on education and teacher training. The lack of comprehension of, and/or the misinterpretation of the idea of reflection have negative consequences for education and teacher training. The article concludes with some suggestions for the teacher and pupil education, including a broadly understood idea of reflection.
KESIAPAN PERBANKAN SYARI’AH DI INDONESIA DALAM PENERAPAN LIQUIDITY COVERAGE RATIO BASEL III

Abstract2008 crisis was hypothetically to be an impact of particular condition in which banking around the countries had the high degree of leverage and decrease the bank capital quality. The other influencing factors are the quality of corporate governance and the quality of risk management. Having seen these challenges, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) published a document of “Basel III: Global Regulatory Framework for More Resilient Banks and Banking Systems” on Desember 2010 as the new initiation.The scopes of Basel III are, (1) Empowering the Global Capital Framework, (2) Recognizing the Global Liquidity. This research works on providing an implementation prospect of global liquidity standard to Indonesian Syariah Banking.The results show that the average of syariah banking LCR has only reached 51,6% that means there must be certain improvement to minimally reach 60% before January 2015 2015. Furthermore, the yearly growth of LCR which stands on 3,22% in average is claimed to be far from the yearly targeted increase whisch is 10%, Thus, this current study suggest syariah banking to put an effort by uplifting the HQLA using the funding strategy to absorb more deposits. Keywords: Basel III, Liquidity Coverage Ratio, Syariah banking
New and expanded medical schools, mid-century to the 1980s : an analysis of changes and recommendations for improving the education of physicians

New updated! The new and expanded medical schools mid century to the 1980s an analysis of changes and recommendations for improving the education of physicians association of american medical colleges series in academic medicine the jossey bass higher education series from the best author and publisher is now available here. This is the book that will make your day reading becomes completed. When you are looking for the printed book of this PDF in the book store, you may not find it. The problems can be the limited editions that are given in the book store.
The significance of drug induced DNA damage of telomeres in human tumour cells

Telomere shortening is a major mechanism to induce telomere uncapping and thus to signal growth arrest and/ or apoptosis and can be caused by different mechanisms, one of which is damage to DNA, to which telomeres appear to be particularly sensitive. Contradictory data exists on the relationship between conventionally used chemotherapeutic drugs and the telomere/ telomerase complex. The aim of the work described in this thesis was to determine whether or not damage to telomeres played a significant role in the cytotoxic action of the anti-cancer drugs cisplatin and etoposide. Two cell lines were used with either short (neuroblastorna cell line SHSY5Y) or long (lymphoblastic T cell line 1301) telomeres. Cytotoxic effects of the drugs were assessed by growth inhibition assays and measurement of apoptosis and cell cycle progression by flow cytometry. Etoposide caused readily detectable DNA strand breakage and led to formation of nuclear foci of phosphorylated histone y-H2A. X. Cisplatin treatment did not induce strand breaks after initial drug exposure but strand breaks and DNA damage foci were detected after further incubation. For cells with either long or short telomeres, no detectable changes in total telomere length or overhang length were observed before apoptosis became manifest. Preferential occurrences of single strand breaks in the G-rich strand of telorneres were not found. Through the development of a dual staining method it was established that drug-induced histone H2A. X foci did not colocalise to the telomeres. Telomerase was transiently activated by lower concentrations of etoposide and its activity decreased only after onset of apoptosis. Taken together, the results show no indication that telorneres and/ or telomeric damage play any preferential role as signal transducers towards apoptosis and/ or growth arrest in either of these cell lines. Also, the protective function of telornerase &-I seems to be telomere independent. The data are consistent with a model of druginduced growth arrest and apoptosis being triggered by damage elsewhere in the genome.
Corporate Political Strategies and Return Predictability

We assess whether observable corporate political strategies can serve as channels of value-relevant political information flow into stock prices and form the basis for profitable return predictability strategies. We document that returns of politically connected firms’ stocks lead those of their non-connected peers, suggesting that information shocks associated with new policies and other political developments become evident first in the stock prices of firms that pursue political strategies and then, with delay, in those of similar, non-connected firms. It's often said that money and power go hand in hand. Now there is hard evidence that investors can achieve outperformance by analyzing the political connectedness of companies. A practitioner's perspective on this article is provided in the In Practice piece "The Predictive Power of Politics" by Phil Davis. Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest. Editor’s Note Submitted 29 September 2017 Accepted 23 July 2018 by Stephen J. Brown This article was externally reviewed using our double-blind peer-review process. When the article was accepted for publication, the authors thanked the reviewers in the acknowledgments. Heiko Bailer and Claude B. Erb, CFA, were the reviewers for this article.
The Impact of Strategic Planning on Hospital Efficiency: A Case Study

Background & Objectives: It is necessary to utilize hospital scare resources to meet patients’ unlimited needs. Hospital managers should pay more attention to efficiency. This study aimed to examine the impact of strategic planning on hospital efficiency in 2012-2014. Methods: A participatory action research was used in this study. The hospital strategic plan was formulated and implemented. There was a goal and objectives for increasing hospital productivity and efficiency in the strategic plan. Hospital efficiency was measured before and after implementing the strategic plan using bed occupancy (BO), patients’ average length of stay (LOS) in the hospital, bed turnover (BT) and bed turnover interval (BTI) indicators. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The hospital BO and BT rates were increased by 16.7% and 25% respectively in 2014 compared to 2011. The average LOS and BTI rates swere reduced by 7.5% and 57% respectively during the same period. The case hospital’s BO and BT rates were respectively 3.2% and 79.8% higher than the average of all Iranian general hospitals’ BO and BT rates. Patient LOS and hospital BTI rate in the case hospital were 57% and 54% lower than the average of these indicators among the country’s general hospitals. Conclusion: Developing an appropriate strategic plan and implementing it properly help to improve hospital efficiency. Adopting and adapting industrial management theories and models could enhance hospitals’ performance. Hospital managers should be trained properly in strategic planning formulation and implementation. Key¬words: Strategic planning, Efficiency, Private hospital, Participative action research. Citation: Mosadeghrad AM, Ebneshahidi A, Abdolmohammadi N. The Impact of Strategic Planning on Hospital Efficiency: A Case Study. Journal of Health Based Research 2018; 4(3): 317-34. [In Persian]
Oncolytic Viruses as a Potential Approach to Eliminate the HIV Reservoir

s Published Costiniuk C, Cote S, Carrasco-Medina L, Angel J. Oncolytic Viruses as a Potential Approach to Eliminate the HIV Reservoir. Canadian Association of HIV Research (CAHR) Annual Conference Program, April 2012. Manuscripts Submitted  Chun TW, Justement JS, Murray D, Kim CJ, Blazkova J, Hallahan CW, Benko B, Costiniuk CT, Kandel G, Ostrowski M, Kaul R, Moir S, Casazza JP, Koup RA, Kovacs C, Fauci AS. Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV Reservoirs in Elite Controllers: Implications for Eradication of Virus.  2013: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Oral). Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Canada (AMMI) Annual Conference. Quebec City, April 2013.  2013: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Oral). CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN) Postdoctoral Fellow’s Breakfast. Vancouver, April 2013.  2013: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Poster). Canadian Association of HIV Research (CAHR) Annual Conference. Vancouver, April 2013.  2012: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Poster). Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Research Day, Ottawa, November 2012.  2012: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Oral). Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN) Conference, Toronto, November 2012.  2012: Oncolytic viruses as a potential approach to eliminate the HIV reservoir (Poster). Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Poster Day. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, May 2012.  2012: Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis Suppressed with Posaconazole in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient (2 nd author; Poster). Canadian Bone Marrow Transplant Group, Toronto, April 2012.
How to restore alignment of P3 in horses with chronic laminitis.

Effective management of chronic laminitis involves restoring the alignment of the third phalanx (P3) relative to the ground, while maintaining an appropriate hoof-pastern axis. Good results can be achieved by trimming the heels, establishing breakover near the apex of P3, gluing the shoe parallel with the solar margin of P3, and raising the heels.
Framing the Eurozone crisis in national parliaments: is the economic cleavage really declining?

ABSTRACT While it is undisputed that the Eurozone crisis has contributed to the politicization of European integration, the longer-term impact of this politicization on the structure of political conflict in Europe remains unclear. This article engages with research findings which argue that the crisis has contributed to a shift of political cleavages in Europe, from an economic (left vs. right) to a transnational (pro- vs. anti-EU) divide. We examine whether there is any evidence of such a shift in parliamentary debates about the crisis in four Eurozone states (Germany, Austria, Spain and Ireland) between 2009 and 2014. We use a combination of content and cluster analysis to identify the discursive frames that parliamentarians employed to make sense of the crisis, and then assess which factors affected how these frames were used. Our findings show that the economic (left-right) cleavage remained highly influential in shaping the four parliaments’ crisis discourse.