Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promoting Economic Recovery From the Perspective of Energy-Economic Resilience: Model Construction and Case Study

Energy is both a basic resource needed for economic growth and an essential tool for economic recovery. The topic of resilience is becoming increasingly prominent in the energy-economic domain and has also entered policy discourse. Yet the measuring method of resilience based on post-disruption events and the relationship between energy consumption and economic recovery are far from settled. This paper develops the idea of resilience and proposes a model to evaluate the economic recovery ability of an economy from the perspective of energy consumption. It also proposes a decoupling model to address the impact of energy-related elements on economic recovery. These ideas are then used for a preliminary empirical analysis of 14 countries against the context of the 2007–2008 financial crisis. The analysis showed that developing countries generally performed better than developed countries, that energy consumption is not a necessity for promoting economic recovery, and that energy-economic decoupling has a positive effect on economic recovery.
Hijacking SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 Receptor Interaction by Natural and Semi-synthetic Steroidal Agents Acting on Functional Pockets on the Receptor Binding Domain

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS)-CoV-2. In light of the urgent need to identify novel approaches to be used in the emergency phase, we have embarked on an exploratory campaign aimed at repurposing natural substances and clinically available drugs as potential anti-SARS-CoV2-2 agents by targeting viral proteins. Here we report on a strategy based on the virtual screening of druggable pockets located in the central β-sheet core of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike's protein receptor binding domain (RBD). By combining an in silico approach and molecular in vitro testing we have been able to identify several triterpenoid/steroidal agents that inhibit interaction of the Spike RBD with the carboxypeptidase domain of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE2). In detail, we provide evidence that potential binding sites exist in the RBD of the SARS CoV-2 Spike protein and that occupancy of these pockets reduces the ability of the RBD to bind to the ACE2 consensus in vitro. Naturally occurring and clinically available triterpenoids such as glycyrrhetinic and oleanolic acids, as well as primary and secondary bile acids and their amidated derivatives such as glyco-ursodeoxycholic acid and semi-synthetic derivatives such as obeticholic acid reduces the RBD/ACE2 binding. In aggregate, these results might help to define novel approaches to COVID-19 based on SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors.
Quantifying Asymmetry in Gait: The Weighted Universal Symmetry Index to Evaluate 3D Ground Reaction Forces

Though gait asymmetry is used as a metric of functional recovery in clinical rehabilitation, there is no consensus on an ideal method for its evaluation. Various methods have been proposed to analyze single bilateral signals but are limited in scope, as they can often use only positive signals or discrete values extracted from time-scale data as input. By defining five symmetry axioms, a framework for benchmarking existing methods was established and a new method was described here for the first time: the weighted universal symmetry index (wUSI), which overcomes limitations of other methods. Both existing methods and the wUSI were mathematically compared to each other and in respect to their ability to fulfill the proposed symmetry axioms. Eligible methods that fulfilled these axioms were then applied using both discrete and continuous approaches to ground reaction force (GRF) data collected from healthy gait, both with and without artificially induced asymmetry using a single instrumented elbow crutch. The wUSI with a continuous approach was the only symmetry method capable of identifying GRF asymmetry differences in different walking conditions in all three planes of motion. When used with a continuous approach, the wUSI method was able to detect asymmetries while avoiding artificial inflation, a common problem reported in other methods. In conclusion, the wUSI is proposed as a universal method to quantify three-dimensional GRF asymmetries, which may also be expanded to other biomechanical signals.
Stock discrimination among European anchovies, Engraulis encrasicolus, by means of PCR-amplified mitochondrial DNA analysis

-A study of mitochon drial DNA(mtDNAl variation in Euro peananchovies, Engraulis encrasirolus L., in the northwestern Mediterranean area was carriedoutwith samples from Trieste, Ancona, and Vieste in the Adriatic Sea, from the Ionian, Tyr rhenian, andAegean seas, and the from the Sicilian Channel. Restriction frag ment length polymorphisms (RFLP'sl in genes of the NADH dehydrogenase complex (ND genes) were investigated by usingthe polymerase chain reaction (PCRl. Restriction of a 2.5 Kb PCR product coding for ND5 and ND6 re vealed 53 composite haplotypes in 140 fish, 39 of which were unique. Mean haplotype diversitywas 0.88; hence lev els of variation were notably high. Pairwise values of nucleotide diver gence ranged between 0.00001 and 0.01375, and gene diversity analysis indicated that an average of 7.6% of variation was partitioned between samples (OST)' There was significant geographic heterogeneity, and
Good, bad, and practical: Exploring human memory in everyday information behavior

This study investigates how memory affects everyday information behavior. Previous literature generally examined memory as a broad category, missing to consider how the variance in memory influences information behavior. To bridge this gap, we interviewed and observed 10 arts and crafts hobbyists when they navigated a creative shopping space designed to spark serendipity. Findings demonstrate the distinction between memory, including positive, negative, and practical, along with their potential impacts on everyday information behavior. This work provides a novel analysis of memory, shedding new light on the subtlety of memory in information behavior research.
Data to knowledge in action: A longitudinal analysis of GenBank metadata

Studies typically use publication‐based authorship data to study the relationships between collaboration networks and knowledge diffusion. However, collaboration in research often starts long before publication with data production efforts. In this project we ask how collaboration in data production networks affects and contributes to knowledge diffusion, as represented by patents, another form of knowledge diffusion. We drew our data from the metadata associated with genetic sequence records stored in the National Institutes of Health's GenBank database. After constructing networks for each year and aggregating summary statistics, regressions were used to test several hypotheses. Key among our findings is that data production team size is positively related to the number of patents each year. Also, when actors on average have more links, we tend to see more patents. Our study contributes in the area of science of science by highlighting the important role of data production in the diffusion of knowledge as measured by patents.
Opening up the black box of scholarly synthesis: Intermediate products, processes, and tools

Synthesis is a foundational scholarly product that generates new conceptual wholes from independent intellectual sources. But effective synthesis products—such as literature reviews—are rare, in part due to inadequate support from existing tools and information systems. A detailed, situated understanding of the work practices behind synthesis is necessary to inform the development of synthesis tools. Previous work in scholarly primitives, active reading, and sensemaking provide partial explanations of aspects of synthesis, but a detailed explanation of scholarly synthesis, specifically, is lacking. This paper presents a foundational empirical examination of the work practices behind synthesis to address the gap, focusing on unpacking the intermediate products, processes, and tools through in‐depth contextual interviews with scholars. Results shed light on the distinctive intermediate products generated during synthesis—including in‐source annotations, per‐source summaries, and cross‐source syntheses—as well as effortful processes for nonlinear progression of these intermediate products towards a final synthesis product. These products and practices were also embedded in a complex ecology of creative re‐appropriated tools. This work enriches understanding of the complex scholarly practices that produce synthesis and opens up a research agenda for understanding and supporting scholarly synthesis more generally.
A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Duloxetine

Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients affected by major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), neuropathic pain (NP), fibromyalgia (FMS), and stress incontinence urinary (SUI). These conditions share parallel pathophysiological pathways, and duloxetine treatment might be an effective and safe alternative. Thus, a systematic review was conducted following the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items (PRISMA) recommendations and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical (JBI) Appraisals guidelines. Eighty-five studies focused on efficacy, safety, and tolerability of duloxetine were included in our systematic review. Studies were subdivided by clinical condition and evaluated individually. Thus, 32 studies of MDD, 11 studies of GAD, 19 studies of NP, 9 studies of FMS, and 14 studies of SUI demonstrated that the measured outcomes indicate the suitability of duloxetine in the treatment of these clinical conditions. This systematic review confirms that the dual mechanism of duloxetine benefits the treatment of comorbid clinical conditions, and supports the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of duloxetine in short- and long-term treatments.
Influence exerted by redox-active metals on oxidative stress evidence in an experiment

Our research goal was to study influence exerted by Fe and Cr cations on oxidative stress signs during an experiment on Wistar rats. We detected that when these metals were introduced into animals it caused free radical oxidation activation which became apparent through changes in chemiluminescense intensity in blood serum, in increased malonic dialdehyde and diene conjugants concentrations in blood serum and tissues (liver and pancreas), and in depression of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and catalase erythrocytes. We showed that Fe introduction with drinking water in a dose equal to maximum permissible concentration (MPC) could cause moderate activation of free radical oxidation as iron was a key element in active particles generation in biological media, including superoxide-anion-radical and most reactive hydroxyl radical. As we studied possible influence exerted by another redox-active metal, namely Cr, in concentration equal to 1 MPC we also detected enhanced free radical processes in blood serum which became more intense as exposure duration grew. Luminescence sum representing total antioxidant blood serum activity was almost 2.5 times higher as per two experimental periods when Cr6+ was introduced in comparison with intact animals. Processes activation under chromium cations effects is determined by its direct influence on free-radical mechanisms. Cr ions recover to Crin biological media; one-electron recovery process with intermediates forming at intermediate oxidation levels involves occurrence of active oxygen forms; it results in free radical processes enhancement.
Comparative Studies of the Gut Microbiota in the Offspring of Mothers With and Without Gestational Diabetes

Background: Offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have increased risk of developing metabolic disorders as they grow up. Microbial colonization of the newborn gut and environmental exposures affecting the configuration of the gut microbiota during infancy have been linked to increased risk of developing disease during childhood and adulthood. In a convenience sample, we examined whether the intestinal tract of children born to mothers with GDM is differentially colonized in early life compared to offspring of mothers with normal gestational glucose regulation. Secondly, we examined whether any such difference persists during infancy, thus potentially conferring increased risk of developing metabolic disease later in life. Methods: Fecal samples were collected from children of mothers with (n = 43) and without GDM (n = 82) during the first week of life and again at an average age of 9 months. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (V1–V2). Differences in diversity and composition according to maternal GDM status were assessed, addressing potential confounding by mode of delivery, perinatal antibiotics treatment, feeding and infant sex. Results: Children of mothers with GDM were featured by a differential composition of the gut microbiota, both during the first week of life and at 9 months, at higher taxonomic and OTU levels. Sixteen and 15 OTUs were differentially abundant after correction for multiple testing during the first week of life and at 9 months, respectively. Two OTUs remained differentially abundant after adjustment for potential confounders both during the first week of life and at 9 months. Richness (OTU) was decreased in neonates born to mothers with GDM; however, at 9 months no difference in richness was observed. There was no difference in Shannon's diversity or Pielou's evenness at any timepoint. Longitudinally, we detected differential changes in the gut microbiota composition from birth to infancy according to GDM status. Conclusion: Differences in glycaemic regulation in late pregnancy is linked with relatively modest variation in the gut microbiota composition of the offspring during the first week of life and 9 months after birth.
AS-Path Prepending: there is no rose without a thorn

Inbound traffic engineering (ITE)---the process of announcing routes to, e.g., maximize revenue or minimize congestion---is an essential task for Autonomous Systems (ASes). AS Path Prepending (ASPP) is an easy to use and well-known ITE technique that routing manuals show as one of the first alternatives to influence other ASes' routing decisions. We observe that origin ASes currently prepend more than 25% of all IPv4 prefixes. ASPP consists of inflating the BGP AS path. Since the length of the AS path is the second tie-breaker in the BGP best path selection, ASPP can steer traffic to other routes. Despite being simple and easy to use, the appreciation of ASPP among operators and researchers is diverse. Some have questioned its need, effectiveness, and predictability, as well as voiced security concerns. Motivated by these mixed views, we revisit ASPP. Our longitudinal study shows that ASes widely deploy ASPP, and its utilization has slightly increased despite public statements against it. We surprisingly spot roughly 6k ASes originating at least one prefix with prepends that achieve no ITE goal. With active measurements, we show that ASPP effectiveness as an ITE tool depends on the AS location and the number of available upstreams; that ASPP security implications are practical; identify that more than 18% of the prepended prefixes contain unnecessary prepends that achieve no apparent goal other than amplifying existing routing security risks. We validate our findings in interviews with 20 network operators.
Uncovering temporal differences in COVID‐19 tweets

In the fight against the COVID‐19 pandemic, understanding how the public responds to various initiatives is an important step in assessing current and future policy implementations. In this paper, we analyzed Twitter tweets using topic modeling to uncover the issues surrounding people's discussion of the disease. Our focus was on temporal differences in topics, prior and after the declaration of COVID‐19 as a pandemic. Nine topics were identified in our analysis, each of which showed distinct levels of discussion over time. Our results suggest that as the pandemic progresses, the concerns of the public vary as new developments come to light.
Effects of substrate composition and water temperature on the emergence success of lacustrine brown trout Salmo trutta m. lacustris L. fry from natural redds

Abstract. The emergence of lake-migratory brown trout Salmo trutta m. lacustris L. fry from natural redds was observed in a small lake outlet stream. A total of 1104 emerging fry were captured in traps in nine of the 12 investigated redds during three seasons. In 2005, all the fry emerged during the daytime, but in 2007 and 2009 they emerged mostly at night. Furthermore, the timing of emergence was earlier than expected from temperature models. The fry left the redds at a water temperature range of 6.2–15.0 °C, and the emergence pattern was correlated with the moon phase. The number of fry captured was strongly affected by the percentage of fine particles < 1 mm and the 8–16 mm particle content, and was positively correlated with the geometric mean of substrate particle size (Dg) and the index of permeability: the fredle index (fi). The estimated survival rate between egg deposition and fry emergence ranged from 0.0 to 59.8 % in individual redds. Additionally, the greatest number of fry and the highest survival rate were observed in redds that had the high water velocity and shortest duration of intragravel period.
Measures of Anxiety in Rheumatic Diseases

This review will examine commonly used self-report screening measures for assessing anxiety in rheumatologic populations. Anxiety disorders are common in chronic diseases, including rheumatologic conditions, and have been shown to have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life and use of health care resources (1). In this review, we have chosen screening measures that are administered by self-report and have been shown to have adequate psychometric properties for assessing general symptoms of anxiety across different clinical and research settings, particularly in rheumatic diseases. The measures chosen for inclusion in this review include the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety subscale (HADS-A), and the State Trait Anxiety Index (STAI). These tools represent the most commonly used self-report questionnaires and have been used across a variety of rheumatic conditions. Although other screening measures for anxiety may exist, such as the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), their use has not been widespread across rheumatic diseases, for example, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma, and Sjögren’s syndrome. Furthermore, although past studies have examined the HAM-A in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a literature search has shown very few studies using HAM-A in RA in the past 5 years. In addition to the established tools reviewed in this manuscript, we have also included the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), a newer measure that has been developed using item response theory with increasing use in chronic conditions, including rheumatic diseases (2). For each self-report measure, we have described the content and structure, including the number of items, recall period, response options, method of administration, respondent/administrative burden, and available translations. We also discuss the psychometric properties of each measure, including validity, reliability, floor and ceiling effects, responsiveness, minimally important differences (MIDs), and use in clinical trials of rheumatic diseases. Lastly, we have provided a summary of each measure’s strengths and weaknesses as they pertain to its overall value to the rheumatology community.
Employing word mover's distance for cross‐lingual plagiarized text detection

While the blossom of globalization has achieved many successes, cross‐lingual plagiarism, however, has become popular. Detecting plagiarism across languages requires the capability of comparing semantical similarities between texts of different languages. Previous works rely on massive bilingual resources such as comparable corpus, parallel corpus, and even commercial machine translation as references. However, towards domain‐specific applications, collecting such resources is labor‐intensive and impractical. Also, the absence of interpretability of existing methods lead to the difficulty of investigating retrieval results by humans. Hence, it is imperative to have a resource‐light and interpretable method for cross‐lingual plagiarism detection. In this study, we propose a new detection method, called CL‐WMD, which is built upon word embedding techniques. CL‐WMD requires only a small set of translation pairs to constitute a bilingual reference and calculates semantical distances between texts by word mover's distance, which can provide explicable word alignment information between two compared text spans. Our experiments are conducted under a bilingual scientific publication corpus composed of two typologically diverse languages: English and Chinese. The results demonstrate that CL‐WMD has higher accuracy than most existing methods and achieves better or comparable performance when compared to the translation‐based method in paragraph‐level and sentence‐level plagiarism detection tasks.
Chile's new interdisciplinary institute for foundational research on data

I M A G E B Y A N D R I J B O R Y S A S S O C I A T E S , U S I N G S H U T T E R S T O C K THE MILLENNIUM INSTITUTE for Foundational Research on Dataa (IMFD) started its operations in June 2018, funded by the Millennium Science Initiative of the Chilean National Agency of Research and Development.b IMFD is a joint initiative led by Universidad de Chile and Universidad Católica de Chile, with the participation of five other Chilean universities: Universidad de Concepción, Universidad de Talca, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Universidad Diego Portales, and Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez. IMFD aims to be a reference center in Latin America related to state-of-the-art research on the foundational problems with data, as well as its
Differentiation of the Endoderm Lineage in the Murine System

The endoderm is one of the three principle germ layers that arise during gastrulation in early embryonic development. In the course of development it gives rise to functionally diverse organs, e.g. thymus, lung, liver, pancreas, stomach and the gastrointestinal tract. The main research topic of the thesis was the analysis of the endoderm differentiation in murine embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and embryos. The generation and analysis of two knock-in Cre mouse lines for two endodermally expressed transcription factors are described here. The analysis comprises studies of Cre recombination pattern as well as studies regarding the influence of the Foxa2 hypomorhic mutation on metabolism. On the basis of the obtained data the existence of two different promotors could be shown and the tissue-specific expression of the resulting mRNA isoforms could be confirmed. Furthermore an in vitro endoderm differentiation system for ES cells was established and characterized. Using this system the influence of different micro RNAs (miRNAs) on ES cell differentiation was investigated. This way two miRNAs (miR335 and miR194) were identified that regulate Foxa2 translation and thereby endoderm differentiation.