Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Institutional Impacts of Financial Inadequacy and Financial Inefficiency of Public Universities in Ethiopia: the Case of Bahir Dar 44 University

Over the last ten to fifteen years, there have been significant increases in the number of universities and student enrollments in Ethiopia. The numerical gains have increased access to universities and diversified fields of studies. This rapid expansion has not been, however, accompanied by commensurate funding increases. This article briefly presents the financial context (resource allocation, financial adequacy and efficiency) under which public universities operate in Ethiopia. The study employed a qualitative case study approach and used data from a single public university (Bahir Dar University) as a case university to assess and analyze how financial constraints and inefficient use of available resources have been affecting the core institutional missions and operations. Data were gathered using semi-structured interview and document analysis. Overall, the study found that there have been significant financial constraints for the key institutional activities in the case university. On top of this, the institution was poor in its financial management system and as a result unable to efficiently utilize the available resources and the existing degree of financial autonomy. Consequently, the major institutional activities, the quality of teaching learning and research work were seriously affected. Of all, research work was, however, found to be the single most seriously affected mission of the university.
Evaluation of the sensory perception of sweet taste in people with Diabetes Mellitus type 2

Objective: to evaluate the perception of patients with type 2 diabetes through the threshold index test for the sweet taste. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 80 adults of both genders, divided into two groups: control, composed of non-diabetics, and test, with diabetic patients. The evaluation of sensory perception held by the sensitivity test to determine the threshold index. The tests were conducted on five sections containing different concentrations of sucrose. Statistical analysis was held using the t test, adopted P<0.05. Results: when comparing the average of the thresholds to detect sweet taste between diabetics and non-diabetics, it was known that diabetics are less sensitive to sweet stimuli. Conclusion: individuals with Diabetes Mellitus 2 have higher threshold index value for the sweet taste, which may contribute to the increase in sugar consumption.
Constitutive Transcriptional Activity Variant Human Breast Tumor Estrogen Receptor with Updated Version

Since progesterone receptor (PgR) is normally induced by estrogen, breast cancers lacking estrogen receptor (ER) would also be expected to lack PgR. However, a small percentage of breast cancers are ERâ€”yet PgR+. These tumors might possess an ER which is defective in estrogen binding but is still functional in stimulating estrogen-responsive genes such as PgR. We have now detected such a variant, lacking exon 5 of the hormone-binding domain, using complementary DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. This variant was the predominate ER RNA expressed in three ERâ€”/PgR+ tumors. Furthermore, the variant ER constitutively activates transcription of a normally estrogen-dependent gene construct in yeast cells. The variant ER could explain the expression of PgR in certain tumors and have therapeutic implications.
Nevirapine synergistically inhibits HIV‐1 replication in combination with zidovudine, interferon or CD4 immunoadhesin

Objective:To determine whether synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication would result from the in vitro use of nevirapine in combination with zidovudine, interferon (IFN)-α 2C, and CD4 immunoadhesin. Design and methods:The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine (formerly BI-RG-587) was tested in combination with the other antiretroviral agents. Assays were performed on stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes infected with HIV-1. Virus replication was assessed by the release of viral p24 antigen into culture supernatants. The median-effect principle was used to assess for synergistic interactions of the combined agents. Results:Zidovudine, IFN-α 2C and CD4 immunoadhesin, when used in combination with nevirapine, synergistically inhibited HIV-1 replication in human peripheral blood lymphocytes compared with each agent used alone. Some analyses were also consistent with additive effects, but antagonism was not noted. Conclusion:These in vitro findings provide a scientific basis for future trials with similar drug combinations.
International human resource management and employment relations of Chinese MNCs

China’s participation in the global economy as an outward investor is relatively recent. However, since joining the World Trade Organisation in 2001, Chinese overseas investment has shown a significant and consistent increase despite the global financial crisis. Starting in the early 1990s, Chinese investment was concentrated primarily in the natural resource sector, directly mandated by the state to compensate for the lack of domestic raw materials and energy supply. After Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji announced the country’s ‘Go global’ investment policy in 2002, China’s overseas investment picked up steam in other sectors. Under this initiative, the Chinese government encourages domestic companies to expand internationally. In more recent years Chinese foreign investment has been diversifying into the services sector – including commercial services, telecommunications, mining services, logistics and utility infrastructure – reflecting an effort by Chinese investors to move up the global value chain. By investing in Europe, China also partly aims to catch up with global market leaders, tapping into foreign markets for high-value brand assets, technological competencies and other intangibles.
On some cognitive processing for airborne maritime radar

This paper deals with the issue of detection tasks optimization in the case of airborne radar for maritime surveillance mission thanks to cognitive mechanisms, more precisely thanks to the learning of the radar environment (clutter). The proposed algorithm aims at selecting the most appropriate radar mode, if applicable the most appropriate platform altitude and horizontal position by analyzing the sea clutter. The analysis of the environment and then the inference of a more favorable mode of operation are based on the adjustment of the measurements to environment models, in particular clutter models. Another way to improve detection performance is the introduction of external knowledge in processing (Knowledge-Aided processing). An example of constant false alarm rate processing using external information for improving detection near the coasts is presented at the end of this paper.
Systèmes tolérant aux défauts : analyse et synthèse stochastiques

Dans cette these, nous nous sommes interesses aux contraintes resultants de l'integration d'un module de diagnostic de pannes et d'un module de reconfiguration de lois de commandes. Contraintes pouvant conduire a une perte de performances, voir une instabilite, du systeme. La formalisation mathematique de cette problematique nous a amene a nous interesser a une classe de systemes hybrides stochastiques a sauts markoviens. La premiere partie du travail de these a ete consacree a la synthese de lois de commande, par retour de sortie, stabilisant stochastiquement cette classe de systemes a des bruits multiplicatifs. Les approches developpees sont basees sur la theorie de Lyapunov et de Supermartingale. Les differentes conditions de synthese sont donnees en termes d'inegalites matricielles non lineaires. Des algorithmes d'optimisation non convexe nt alors ete proposes pour la resolution de ces differentes conditions. En deuxieme partie de these, nous nous sommes interesses au probleme de commande multi-performances de cette classe de systemes. Plus particulierement, nous avons considere des criteres H_{infinity} et des criteres H_{2}. La aussi, nous avons propose des conditions sous forme LMI, BMI et NLMI pour la resolution de ce probleme. En derniere partie de these, nous nous sommes interesses au cas des systemes a temps discret. Nous avons la aussi considere des problemes de stabilisation stochastique et de commande multi-objectifs, pour lesquels des conditions sous forme LMI et NLMI ont ete etablies. Nous avons ensuite applique ces resultats a la problematique de commande de systemes en reseaux sujets a des retards, des pertes de paquets et d'eventuels pannes.
A Comparative Analysis of Africa and Chinese Crowdfunding Markets

This chapter compares the African and Chinese crowdfunding markets with a view to draw lessons from the two markets. China has a longer experience than Africa in the crowdfunding activities; crowdfunding processes in the country may not be directly applicable to the African states, but there are lessons that can be learnt by individual or group of African or Asian governments. These differing experiences identified can serve as a practical guide for urban development actors longing for sustainable funding for important urban development projects. In order to gather this data, the authors conducted a desktop review of literature, both grey and published being work on crowdfunding in Africa and China. Data collected were analysed using thematic content analysis. The chapter argues that the low adoption of crowdfunding by Africa can be attributed to a number of factors, including national regulatory environments that are not conducive for crowdfunding of equity and debt, and unconducive technological environments where e-commerce is not widely utilised.
Cost-Effectiveness of Distributing Naloxone to Heroin Users for Lay Overdose Reversal

BACKGROUND Opioid overdose is a leading cause of accidental death in the United States. OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of distributing naloxone, an opioid antagonist, to heroin users for use at witnessed overdoses. DESIGN Integrated Markov and decision analytic model using deterministic and probabilistic analyses and incorporating recurrent overdoses and a secondary analysis assuming heroin users are a net cost to society. DATA SOURCES Published literature calibrated to epidemiologic data. TARGET POPULATION Hypothetical 21-year-old novice U.S. heroin user and more experienced users with scenario analyses. TIME HORIZON Lifetime. PERSPECTIVE Societal. INTERVENTION Naloxone distribution for lay administration. OUTCOME MEASURES Overdose deaths prevented and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS In the probabilistic analysis, 6% of overdose deaths were prevented with naloxone distribution; 1 death was prevented for every 227 naloxone kits distributed (95% CI, 71 to 716). Naloxone distribution increased costs by $53 (CI, $3 to $156) and quality-adjusted life-years by 0.119 (CI, 0.017 to 0.378) for an ICER of $438 (CI, $48 to $1706). RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Naloxone distribution was cost-effective in all deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity and scenario analyses, and it was cost-saving if it resulted in fewer overdoses or emergency medical service activations. In a "worst-case scenario" where overdose was rarely witnessed and naloxone was rarely used, minimally effective, and expensive, the ICER was $14 000. If national drug-related expenditures were applied to heroin users, the ICER was $2429. LIMITATION Limited sources of controlled data resulted in wide CIs. CONCLUSION Naloxone distribution to heroin users is likely to reduce overdose deaths and is cost-effective, even under markedly conservative assumptions. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
Numerical simulation of the wire bonding reliability of IGBT module under power cycling

As the demand of power converter for higher power density is increasing, bonding wire failure of IGBT module becomes more severe. Accordingly, it is of great significance to investigate the reliability of bonding wire under operating condition for improving the reliability of IGBT module. In this paper, the finite element model of IGBT module was established, and a two-step indirect coupling electro-thermal-mechanical analysis was conducted to evaluate the wire bonding reliability of IGBT module under the power cylcing. The thermal-mechanical analysis results indicate that the maximum equivalent plastic strain occurs at the corner of the bonded interface between the outermost bonding wire and the chip, where the cracks may initiate and then propagate along the interface, which is consistent with the observations of experimental results. It suggests that the outermost bonding wire is more likely to fail.
Interferon-inducible protein 10, monokine induced by interferon gamma, and interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant are produced by thymic epithelial cells and attract T-cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta+ CD8+ single-positive T cells, TCRgammadelta+ T cells, and natural killer-type cells in hum

Strong reactivity for interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monokine induced by interferon gamma (Mig), and interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC) was found in epithelial cells mainly localized to the medulla of postnatal human thymus. The CXC chemokine receptor common to the 3 chemokines (CXCR3) was also preferentially expressed in medullary areas of the same thymuses and appeared to be a property of 4 distinct populations: CD3+ T-cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta+ CD8+ single-positive (SP) T cells, TCRgammadelta+ T cells, natural killer (NK)-type cells, and a small subset of CD3+(low) CD4+ CD8+ TCRalphabeta+ double-positive (DP) T cells. IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC showed chemoattractant activity for TCRalphabeta+ CD8+ SP T cells, TCRgammadelta+ T cells, and NK-type cells, suggesting their role in the migration of different subsets of mature thymocytes during human thymus lymphopoiesis.
The Role Of Institutions, Business, And Society In Shaping Modern Economy

Institutions are a part of the social order of society and they govern behaviour and expectations of individuals, while at the same time they regulate business operations and ethics. In fact, the morality of institutions is guaranteed by the process of social evolution. On the other hand, the role of business in society is an important aspect of leadership and not in conflict with profitability and economic growth. The role of business in society is in fact the challenge of what is called “corporate social responsibility”. The aim of this paper is to critically discuss the interrelations between institutions, business, and society by closely looking at the way institutions operate in terms of guaranteeing economic development, their role in building social structures and improving social development, and their contribution to the overall process of establishing a tight link between the economy and social welfare.
Interactive Anonymization for Privacy aware Machine Learning

Privacy aware Machine Learning is the discipline of applying Machine Learning techniques in such a way as to protect and retain personal identities during the process. This is most easily achieved by first anonymizing a dataset before releasing it for the purpose of data mining or knowledge extraction. Starting in June 2018, this will also remain the sole legally permitted way within the EU to release data without granting people involved the right to be forgotten, i.e. the right to have their data deleted on request. To governments, organizations and corporations, this represents a serious impediment to research operations, since any anonymization results in a certain degree of reduced data utility. In this paper we propose applying human background knowledge via interactive Machine Learning to the process of anonymization; this is done by eliciting human preferences for preserving some attribute values over others in the light of specific tasks. Our experiments show that human knowledge can yield measurably better classification results than a rigid automatic approach. However, the impact of interactive learning in the field of anonymization will largely depend on the experimental setup, such as an appropriate choice of application domain as well as suitable test subjects.
Inquiry into the Future of the Private Rental Sector

This study investigated the Australian private rental sector (PRS) focusing on institutional change, including formal rules (policies and regulation); organisations and structures; and informal rules (social norms and practices). It also reviewed the PRS in ten countries: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Improving Security of Producer Consumer System Using Auditing Technique

Producer/Consumer system is wide-area infrastructure of communication which allows distribution of data across number of producers and consumers. Producer/Consumer system is messaging system which is arranged in broker-less routing infrastructure where, messages are published by producer and these events or messages are received by consumer based on their subscriptions. Security is one of the huge and the complicated requirements which has to be provided so as to attain few issues, like authentication, integrity and confidentiality and is a challenging task in a content based producer/consumer system as they are loosely coupled. To overcome this issue, approach is proposed to provide an authentication and confidentiality in a broker-less content-based producer/consumer system by using the mechanism of pairing-based cryptography. Filtering based mechanism is used for efficient routing of events or messages. To detect hacking or any data loss in message transmission from producer to consumer, the system will generate signature of event message data which will be helpful to audit that the data is in proper format or in original format. One time passwords can be efficiently deployed for Authentication of the system to provide more security. Producers and consumers have to face OTP for better Authentication. Evaluation shows that security providing is affordable with respect to delay for connection and message sending and cryptographic time.
The Mindful and Effective Employee: An Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Training Manual for Improving Well-Being and Performance

The importance of improving and maintaining employees' psychological health is now widely recognized by occupational health researchers and practitioners, business leaders, human resource professionals, and policy makers alike. Indeed, a growing body of research has established that psychological well-being is one of the most important factors in job performance. The Mindful and Effective Employee offers an evidence-based workplace training program based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The program is specifically designed to improve employees' psychological health-as well as their effectiveness at work and in their personal lives-through a combination of mindfulness and values-guided behavioral skills. This book is designed for use by psychologists, coaches, occupational health practitioners, and human resource professionals who are interested in improving employee well-being, performance, and quality of life. The training program described in this book is designed to: Promote employee self-awareness Help employees find purpose, direction, and meaning Offer new ways to improve work and life effectiveness Help employees identify and pursue valued goals and actions
Exercise in patients with subacute stroke: A randomized, controlled pilot study of home-based exercise in subacute stroke.

BACKGROUND Physical care after stroke is highly variable. The effects of therapeutic exercise on the impairments after stroke remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a structured, physiologically based exercise program for subacute stroke produces larger gains than those attributable to spontaneous recovery and usual care. METHODS This randomized, controlled, single-blind pilot study was conducted in Yozgat, Turkey and enrolled 134 patients living in the community (mean age, 67 years; mean Barthel Index [BI] score, 67.4 ± 4.8) who consented to participate and were randomized from a screened sample of 765 patients. Of these, 72 patients completed the study. The intervention was a structured, progressive, physiologically based, nurse-supervised, in-home program of 24 1-h sessions over 12 weeks that targeted flexibility, strength, balance, endurance, and upper-limb function. The main outcome measures were postintervention activities of daily living (ADL) BI. RESULTS The experimental group showed more improvement in ADL than the control group (BI: mean score change, 14). The BI scores in the experimental group were statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a pilot trial of a poststroke exercise program is feasible and is important with regard to accessibility of therapeutic exercise practice for patients at home. Improvements in the patients' neurological impairments and ADL implied the program was beneficial.
EMPLOYING APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENCE FOR DESIGN OF APPROXIMATE CIRCUITS

This thesis is concerned with the utilization of formal verification techniques in the design of the functional approximations of combinational circuits. We thoroughly study the existing formal approaches for the approximate equivalence checking and their utilization in the approximate circuit development. We present a new method that integrates the formal techniques into the Cartesian Genetic Programming. The key idea of our approach is to employ a new search strategy that drives the evolution towards promptly verifiable candidate solutions. The proposed method was implemented within ABC synthesis tool. Various parameters of the search strategy were examined and the algorithm’s performance was evaluated on the functional approximations of multipliers and adders with operand widths up to 32 and 128 bits respectively. Achieved results show an unprecedented scalability of our approach. Abstrakt Tato práce je zaměřena na využití formálně verifikačních technik pro návrh funkčních aproximací kombinačních obvodů. Jsou zde důkladně prostudovány existující formální přístupy pro zkoumání přibližné ekvivalence a jejich použití při vývoji aproximovaných obvodů. V rámci této práce je navržena nová metoda, která integruje vybrané formální techniky do Kartézského genetického programování. Klíčovým bodem nového přístupu je využití prohledávací strategie, která vede evoluci směrem k řešením, která lze rychleji verifikovat. Navržený algoritmus byl implementován v rámci syntézního nástroje ABC. Jeho výkonnost byla otestována na vývoji funkčních aproximací násobiček a sčítaček s šířkami vstupních operandů 32, respektive 128 bitů. Dosažené výsledky ukazují výjimečnou škálovatelnost navržené metody.