Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Cognitive Behavior Therapy with a Normalizing Rationale in Schizophrenia: Preliminary Report

Sixty-four consecutively referred patients with schizophrenia were treated with cognitive behavioral psychotherapy as an adjunct to standard treatment. A destigmatizing rationale to explain symptom emergence was devised and supplemented these techniques. They proved safe to use and appeared acceptable to patients and their relatives. Members of the group are being maintained on low levels of or no medication and have required minimal hospitalization. The techniques used are described in detail.
Cohort study on the factors associated with survival post-cardiac arrest

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Cardiac arrest is a common occurrence, and even with efficient emergency treatment, it is associated with a poor prognosis. Identification of predictors of survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation may provide important information for the healthcare team and family. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the survival of patients treated for cardiac arrest, after a one-year follow-up period. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study conducted in the emergency department of a Brazilian university hospital. METHODS: The inclusion criterion was that the patients presented cardiac arrest that was treated in the emergency department (n = 285). Data were collected using the In-hospital Utstein Style template. Cox regression was used to determine which variables were associated with the survival rate (with 95% significance level). RESULTS: After one year, the survival rate was low. Among the patients treated, 39.6% experienced a return of spontaneous circulation; 18.6% survived for 24 hours and of these, 5.6% were discharged and 4.5% were alive after one year of follow-up. Patients with pulseless electrical activity were half as likely to survive as patients with ventricular fibrillation. For patients with asystole, the survival rate was 3.5 times lower than that of patients with pulseless electrical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The initial cardiac rhythm was the best predictor of patient survival. Compared with ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity was associated with shorter survival times. In turn, compared with pulseless electrical activity, asystole was associated with an even lower survival rate.
Expression of Angiotensin Type-1 (AT1) and Type-2 (AT2) Receptor mRNAs in the Adult Rat Brain: A Functional Neuroanatomical Review

The discovery that all components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are present in the central nervous system led investigators to postulate the existence of a local brain RAS. Supporting this, angiotensin immunoreactive neurons have been visualized in the brain. Two major pathways were described: a forebrain pathway which connects circumventricular organs to the median preoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, and supraoptic nucleus, and a second pathway connecting the hypothalamus to the medulla oblongata. Blood-brain barrier deficient circumventricular organs are rich in angiotensin II receptors. By activating these receptors, circulating angiotensin II may act on central cardiovascular centers via angiotensinergic neurons, providing a link between peripheral and central angiotensin II systems. Among the effector peptides of the brain RAS, angiotensin II and angiotensin III have the same affinity for the two pharmacologically well-defined receptors: type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2). When injected in the brain, these peptides increase blood pressure, water intake, and anterior and posterior pituitary hormone release and may modify memory and learning. The cloning of AT1 and AT2 receptor cDNAs has revealed that these receptors belong to the seven transmembrane domain receptor family. In rodents, two AT1 receptor subtypes, AT1A and AT1B, have been isolated. Using specific riboprobes for in situ hybridization histochemistry, recent studies mapped the distribution of AT1A, AT1B, and AT2 receptor mRNAs in the adult rat and found a predominant expression of AT1A and AT2 mRNA in the brain and of AT1B in the pituitary. Very limited overlap was found between the brain expression of AT1A and AT2 mRNAs. In several functional entities of the brain, such as the preoptic region, the hypothalamus, the olivocerebellary system, and the brainstem baroreflex arc, the colocalization of receptor mRNA, binding sites, and angiotensin immunoreactive nerve terminals suggests local synthesis and expression of angiotensin II receptors. In other areas, such as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the median eminence, or certain parts of the nucleus of the solitary tract, angiotensin II receptors are likely of extrinsic origin. The neuronal expression of AT1A and AT2 receptors was demonstrated in the subfornical organ, the hypothalamus, and the lateral septum. By using double label in situ hybridization, AT1A receptor expression was localized in corticotropin releasing hormone but not in vasopressin containing neurons in the hypothalamus. The information is discussed together with functional data concerning the role of brain angiotensins, in an attempt to provide a better understanding of the physiological and functional roles of each receptor subtype.
Research of Control Network of Mobile Robots Based on Dynamic Resource Changing

According to the dynamic characteristic of systematic resources, for instance the structure changes, information temporarily losing, resource conflict, etc., thesis builds the frame of the re-constructable control network on mobile robots, solves the robust control, cooperation and communication of the mobile robots while the systematic resource was changed dynamically. Thesis introduces the systematic structure, explains the automatically constructing method of the network, and describes the self-renovating course of the network system. On the basis of the control frame of the network, users needn't care about such details as the different management tactics of structure and matching mechanism of data transmission, etc. and is absorbed in the application-oriented service development. The intelligent mobile robot network system structured can face the complicated task and dynamic environment to harmonize the behaviour of mobile robots and schedule dynamically systematic resources
Nucleophosmin: A versatile molecule associated with hematological malignancies

Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a nucleolar phosphoprotein that plays multiple roles in ribosome assembly and transport, cytoplasmic–nuclear trafficking, centrosome duplication and regulation of p53. In hematological malignancies, the NPM1 gene is frequently involved in chromosomal translocation, mutation and deletion. The NPM1 gene on 5q35 is translocated with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in anaplastic large cell lymphoma with t(2;5). The MLF1 and RARA genes are fused with NPM1 in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(3;5) and acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(5;17), respectively. In each fused protein, the N‐terminal NPM portion is associated with oligomerization of a partner protein leading to altered signal transduction or transcription. Recently, mutations of exon 12 have been found in a significant proportion of de novo AML, especially in those with a normal karyotype. Mutant NPM is localized aberrantly in the cytoplasm, but the molecular mechanisms for leukemia remain to be studied. Studies of knock‐out mice have revealed new aspects regarding NPM1 as a tumor‐suppressor gene. This review focuses on the clinical significance of the NPM1 gene in hematological malignancies and newly discovered roles of NPM associated with oncogenesis. (Cancer Sci 2006; 97: 963–969)
Mesozoic plants and dinosaur herbivory

For most of their existence, herbivorous dinosaurs fed on a gymnospermdominated flora. Starting from a simple reptilian herbivory, ornithischian dinosaurs evolved complex chewing dentitions and mechanisms, while sauropodomorph dinosaurs retained the primitive condition of not chewing. Some advanced theropod dinosaurs evolved a bird-type herbivory with a toothless beak and a gastric mill. Dinosaur digestive tract remains, coprolites, and other trace fossils offer little evidence for dinosaur food preferences. Ferns, seed ferns, ginkgoes, and the Cheirolepidiaceae were previously viewed as the food plants favored by dinosaurs. However, animal nutrition science, comparative herbivore physiology, and digestive tract anatomy of modern herbivores suggest otherwise. In fermentation experiments, energy release is much greater in horsetails and most conifers, especially Araucaria, than in many ferns, cycads, and podocarp conifers. Sauropods as bulk feeders must have relied on plants that provided much biomass and regenerated foliage quickly, namely, conifers and ginkgoes. This argues against most ferns and cycads, which offer little biomass and energy.
Task-space tracking control without velocity measurements

Focuses on the problem of tracking a desired end-effector position and orientation for a robot manipulator. A nonminimal parameterization of the orientation-the unit quaternion-is used to design the control law. Tracking control typically requires full-state measurements, i.e., end-effector position and orientation as well as linear and angular velocities. However, while position and orientation measurements are available, often velocities have to be estimated. In the paper, an observer-controller scheme is proposed which ensures tracking in the task space without using velocity measurements. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated both in simulation and through experimental tests on an industrial robot.
Expression and Functional Analysis of Water Channels in a Stably AQP2-transfected Human Collecting Duct Cell Line*

In this study, we describe the establishment of a stably transfected epithelial cell line with the cDNA for the rat aquaporin 2 (AQP2). To this end, we used a human cell line (HCD) derived from the cortical collecting duct and having characteristics of principal cells (Prié, D., Friedlander, G., Coureau, C., Vandewalle, A., Cassigena, R., and Ronco, P. M. (1995) Kidney Int. 47, 1310-1318). The HCD cells were first screened for the constitutive expression of AQPs. By Western blot analysis, we found a low expression of immunoreactive AQP2 and AQP4 proteins. In contrast, transfected cells (clone CD8) probed with AQP2 antiserum expressed an intense 29-kDa protein on immunoblot in addition to a broad band between 35-45 kDa corresponding to the glycosylated form of the protein, indicating that full maturity of the protein is attained in transfected cells. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that AQP2 was located in intracellular vesicles. After vasopressin stimulation, the staining redistributed from an intracellular site to the apical pole of the cells, an effect similar to that described on collecting duct principal cells in vivo (Sabolic, I., Katsura, T., Verbavatz, J. M., and Brown, D. (1995) J. Membr. Biol. 143, 165-175) and in perfused tubules (Nielsen, S., Chou, C. L., Marples, D., Christensen, E. I., Kishore, B. K., and Knepper, M. A. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 92, 1013-1017). The redistribution of AQP2 in CD8 cells was accompanied by an approximately 6-fold increase in osmotic water permeability coefficient (Pf), which was inhibited by 0.3 mM HgCl2. These data indicate that functional vasopressin-sensitive water channels are expressed in transfected cells. The stably transfected cells represent a suitable model to unravel by direct experimental approach the intracellular signals involved in the translocation of AQP2 to the apical plasma membrane in the presence of vasopressin.
Functional Analysis of Slac2-c/MyRIP as a Linker Protein between Melanosomes and Myosin VIIa*[boxs]

Slac2-c/MyRIP, an in vitro Rab27A- and myosin Va/VIIa-binding protein, has recently been proposed to regulate retinal melanosome transport in retinal pigment epithelium cells by directly linking melanosome-bound Rab27A and myosin VIIa; however, the exact function of Slac2-c in melanosome transport has never been clarified. In this study, we used melanosome transport in skin melanocytes as a model for retinal melanosome transport and analyzed the in vivo function of Slac2-c in melanosome transport by the ectopic expression of Slac2-c, together with myosin VIIa, in Slac2-a-depleted melanocytes. In vitro binding experiments revealed that myosin VIIa had a greater affinity for Slac2-c, compared with the binding affinity of myosin Va, and that the myosin VIIa-binding domain of Slac2-c is different from the previously characterized myosin Va-binding domain that is conserved between Slac2-a/melanophilin and Slac2-c. Consistent with this result, cyan fluorescent protein-tagged Slac2-c expressed in melanocytes was localized on melanosomes via the specific interaction with Rab27A and recruited co-expressed yellow fluorescent protein-tagged myosin VIIa to the melanosomes without interfering with the normal peripheral melanosome distribution, whereas when myosin VIIa alone was expressed in melanocytes, it was not localized on the melanosomes. Moreover, Slac2-c ectopically expressed in melanocytes did not rescue the perinuclear aggregation phenotype induced by the knockdown of endogenous Slac2-a with a specific small interfering RNA, whereas the expression of the Slac2-c·myosin VIIa complex supported the normal melanosome distribution in Slac2-a-depleted melanocytes, indicating that Slac2-c functions as a myosin VIIa receptor rather than a myosin Va receptor in melanosome transport. Based on these findings, we propose that Slac2-c acts as a functional myosin VIIa receptor and that the Rab27A·Slac2-c·myosin VIIa tripartite protein complex regulates the transport of retinal melanosomes in pigment epithelium cells.
Patient ethnicity: a key predictor of cancer care satisfaction

Introduction. Research in cancer care satisfaction itself is scarce; investigation of the role of ethnicity in care satisfaction is even rarer. Objective. The present study examined relationships between ethnicity and satisfaction with care in a sample of 759 patients diagnosed with three different types of cancer (lung, head and neck, or gynecologic) from a large tertiary cancer hospital. Method. Respondents filled out an assessment package that consisted of demographics, the Ware Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-III (PSQ-III), 17 additional items constructed by the research team to examine other specific areas of satisfaction, and the Psychological Screen for Cancer (PSSCAN) Part C, to measure anxiety and depression. Results. In a multivariate analysis, being non-White emerged as the primary predictor variable (beyond patient age, gender, marital status, education, cancer site, duration of illness, and presence or absence of metastases) of several of the PSQ-III satisfaction subscales. Conclusion. Health care systems must consider how to become more responsive to the needs of all individuals, regardless of their ethnic background and levels of acculturation.
Evaluation of an automatic speaker-verification system over telephone lines

An automatic speaker-verification system accessed by test customers from their own telephones over dialed-up lines has been evaluated. The test population consisted of over 100 male and female speakers who called up nominally once each working day over a period of five months. The operation of the system is based on a set of functions of time obtained from acoustic analysis of a fixed, sentence-long utterance. These functions are compared with stored reference functions to determine whether to accept or reject an identity claim. The system is implemented on a NOVA 800 laboratory computer. Telephone line access to the computer is via a data set hookup. Identity claims are made by keying an identification number on a Touch-Tone® dial. Instructions and responses to the customer are made by means of a programmed voice-response system. Reference data was computed off-line and updated with the analysis data of accepted utterances. The evaluation indicated an error rate of approximately 10 percent for new customers and approximately 5 percent for adapted customers.
Enhancement by thyroxine of experimental carcinogenesis induced in rat colon by azoxymethane

The effect of thyroxine (T4) on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on the labeling index of colon mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats were given AOM by injection once a week for 10 weeks, together with T4 in depot form until the end of the experiment. Administration of T4 resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of colon tumors in week 35. However, it did not influence the histological appearance of the colon tumors or the histological types and depths of involvement of colon adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, it caused a significant increase in the labeling index of the colon during, but not after, AOM treatment. Our findings indicate that T4 enhances the development of colon tumors, which may be related to its effect in increasing proliferation of epithelial cells in the colon mucosa during administration of the carcinogen.
The Molecular Basis for Anti-Proteolytic and Non-Proteolytic Functions of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1: Roles of the Reactive Centre Loop, the Shutter Region, the Flexible Joint Region and the Small Serpin Fragment

Abstract The serine proteinase inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is the primary physiological inhibitor of the tissuetype and the urokinasetype plasminogen activator (tPA and uPA, respectively) and as such an important regulator of proteolytic events taking place in the circulation and in the extracellular matrix. Moreover, a few nonproteolytic functions have been ascribed to PAI-1, mediated by its interaction with vitronectin or the interaction between the uPAPAI-1 complex bound to the uPA receptor and members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family. PAI-1 belongs to the serpin family, characterised by an unusual conformational flexibility, which governs its molecular interactions. In this review we describe the antiproteolytic and nonproteolytic functions of PAI-1 from both a biological and a biochemical point of view. We will relate the various biological roles of PAI-1 to its biochemistry in general and to the different conformations of PAI-1 in particular. We put emphasis on the intramolecular rearrangements of PAI-1 that are required for its antiproteolytic as well as its nonproteolytic functions.
A sonar sensor for accurate 3D target localisation and classification

This paper presents a novel sonar sensor consisting of three transmitters and three receivers that can localise and classify 3D targets into 16 different naturally occurring indoor classes. The sensor produces submillimeter range and sub-degree bearing accuracies using an optimal matched filter time of flight estimator up to a range of 6 meters. The sensor configuration, hardware and processing are described. Experimental results from the sensor are presented.
ASPECTS OF THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE ABNORMAL HEMOGLOBIN AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY GENES.

IN THE LAST TEN YEARS the distributions of the abnormal hemoglobin and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency genes in the world's populations have become two of the best known of genetic systems in man. The great variability in the frequencies of the abnormal hemoglobin and glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (hereinafter referred to as G6PDD) genes has raised significant problems in population genetics. Since some genotypes for these loci result in varying degrees of impairment of health, these loci are the first in the human species which have several common alleles with marked differences in fitness associated with their respective genotypes. In fact, since the fitnesses of some abnormal hemoglobin genotypes are very close to lethal, this locus would appear to have the maximum range of fitness values possible for a polymorphic locus which is close to equilibrium. The great amount of natural selection against the homozygotes for some abnormal hemoglobin genes has raised the problem as to why these genes are so frequent in some populations. Neel (1951) first pointed out that, in terms of the factors which could contribute to gene frequency change, there were two outstanding possibilities, mutation and natural selection for heterozygotes for these genes. Mutation, although investigated and found insufficient in the case of hemoglobin S (Vandepitte et al., 1955), was nevter really considered a satisfactory explanation. More recently duplication has been suggested as the factor balancing thalassemia and perhaps hemoglobin S (Nance, 1963). However, such relatively constant genetic factors as mutation or duplication do not explain the great variability in the frequency of these deleterious genes among the world's populations, since there is litHe evidence for such variation in mutation or duplication rates. Nance (1963) found it necessary to postulate the existence of other genes in greatly varying frequencies which alter the frequency of duplication at the thalassemia locus, but there is no evidence for these other genes. Similarly, if the genetic load is considered to be largely mutational or duplicational, as it does to some geneticists (Morton, 1960), variability in this load among the world's populations is not easily explained. The abnormal hemoglobin genes undoubtedly contribute to this load in some populations and may explain some of the variability in the genetic load, as for example the much larger load in Negroes in Brazil than in whites (Freire-Maia, Freire-Maia, and Quelce-
Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody, HTA28, Recognizing a Histone H3 Phosphorylation Site as a Useful Marker of M-phase Cells

Mitosis is a valuable indicator of active tissue proliferation but, other than morphological characteristics, there have hitherto been no markers available to detect only M-phase cells. However, a newly established monoclonal antibody (MAb), HTA28, recognizing histone H3 (H3) harboring phosphoserine 28, allows visualization with mitotic chromosomal condensation. In this study we investigated the use of HTA28 for immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of M-phase cells in the regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy (PH). Groups of three to five rats were sacrificed at intervals up to 72 hr after PH and proliferation was then assessed by IHC staining using HTA28 and other markers. The temporal pattern of the HTA28 staining index (SI) was very similar to that for the mitotic index (MI), also showing similarities to the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index (LI) with a time lag. The HTA28 SI proved to be higher than MI at every time point in line with HTA28 immunoreactivity maintained for all stages of M-phase. The spatial distribution of HTA28-positive cells corresponded with those of other proliferative cell markers. These therefore provide strong evidence for the applicability of HTA28 as an M-phase marker. We also showed that antigenicity for HTA28 is lost if tissue is not immediately fixed after sampling.
Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosy ltransferase (HPRT) Deficiency : Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

Lesch-Nyhan is a genetic metabolic disease. It involves disorder related to uric acid in which attitude problems are dominant. The changed and wild genes will tell us about this disorder that it is a disorder of X-chromosome. This disease is dominant in men. It involves completely impaired action of HGPRT. In this disease excess quantity of uric acid produced in joints of the body and other parts. It also causes dis functioning of gout. It also causes problems in brain function. It also involves physical disability. The victim of this disease demands for extra care. Different clinical methods and techniques can be used to improve the attitude of the victims suffering from this disease.