Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visualization and Formalization of User Constraints for Tight Estimation of Worst-Case Execution Time

Automated static timing analysis methods provide a safe but usually overestimated worst-case execution time (WCET). Overestimation is mainly due to the existence of the execution paths that turn out to be infeasible or unrealistic when dynamic behavior of the program or environmental assumptions are fully considered. In this paper, we propose a new method and a visual language called user constraint language (UCL) to obtain a tight WCET estimation. In our method, both the program and flow information are represented by single formalism-finite automata. UCL provides intuitive visual notations with which users can easily specify various levels of flow information to characterize the execution paths of program. The user constraints specified in UCL are translated into finite automata. The combined automaton constructed by a cross-production of the automata for program and user constraints reflects the static structure and possible dynamic behavior of the program. It contains only the execution paths satisfying user constraints from which we can obtain a tight WCET using a path-based or implicit path enumeration technique (IPET)-based calculation method. A case study using part of a satellite flight software program demonstrates the effectiveness of UCL and our approach.
On the Applicability of Tourism Impact Attitude Scale in China

From 1990s, tourism impact studies and researches of residents' perception of tourism have been focusing on research scales and methodology. Tourism impact attitude scale was developed in such a background in response to the need for standardized measurement of residents' attitude toward tourism development. This method, although well-discussed abroad, has attracted little attentions from Chinese scholars. Therefore, the author made an onspot survey in Yangshuo, Guangxi province, and used factor analysis to deal with the data collected to verify the applicatability of tourism impact attitude scale in China.
Nutrition Issues in the HIV-Infected Injection Drug User: Findings from the Nutrition for Healthy Living Cohort

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to highlight disparities between injection drug users (IDUs) and those who had never been IDUs from the Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) cohort. Although IDUs were enrolled in the cohort throughout its duration, few analyses have sought to highlight findings specific to them. Methods: NFHL, a prospective, longitudinal cohort conducted from 1995–2005, included 881 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) –infected men and women over the age of 18. Subjects were seen every 6 months; body composition and dietary and laboratory data were collected. Individuals were classified as current IDUs, past IDUs, and never-IDUs. The classification of ever-IDU combined current and past users. Results: In NFHL, a higher proportion of ever-IDUs were women, African American, had a high school education or less, smoked, and were housing insecure and food insecure compared to never-IDUs. Ever-IDUs had lower total, soluble, and insoluble fiber and individual micronutrient intakes. A higher proportion of ever-IDUs had hepatitis C and HIV-related symptoms, used highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) less, and had a CD4 count <500 cells/mm3, than never-IDUs, at the study endpoint. Conclusions: The course of HIV infection in past and current IDUs appears to be unique and requires more investigation. Physiologic and sociodemographic characteristics of IDUs contribute to poor disease management and nutritional status. Classic manifestations of HIV persist in IDUs in the HAART era.
Light Emitting Diodes

LEDs are p-n junction devices made from extrinsic semiconductors. An n-type and a p-type semiconductor are put in contact with each other to form a p-n junction diode. The difference in doping creates a depletion region at the contact interface. In this region there are no stationary charges: an electric field is formed from the opposite charges of holes and electrons attracting each other. majority carriers (electrons from the n-type and holes from the p-type) from each side move through the depletion region.
Moving one DNA double helix through another by a type II DNA topoisomerase: the story of a simple molecular machine

The discovery of the double helix structure of DNA led immediately to questions on the mechanics of unravelling its intertwined strands during replication. If a parental DNA is to be duplicated into two progeny molecules by separating its two strands and copying each, then the strands must untwine rapidly during replication (Watson & Crick, 1953). That DNA indeed replicates in such a semiconservative fashion was soon demonstrated by the Meselson–Stahl experiment (1958). At first, it appeared that the unravelling of the intertwined strands should not pose an insurmountable mechanical problem. The two strands at one end of a linear DNA, for example, can be pulled apart with concomitant rotation of the double-stranded portion of the molecule around its helical axis. If the strands of a DNA double helix are to separate at an estimated replication rate of 100000 base pairs (bp) per minute, then the speed of this rotation would be 10000 revolutions per minute from the 10 bp per turn helical geometry of the double helix. This speed, though impressive, seemed reasonable: owing to the slender rod-like shape of the double helix, the estimated viscous drag for this rotational motion is actually rather modest (Meselson, 1972).
Impact of Unrelated Diversification on Financial Performance of the Firms: Evidence from Pakistan

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between unrelated diversification and financial performance of Pakistani firms. The link between profitability and diversification strategies has been proposed by different studies. This study selected different firms for analysis listed in KSE-100 index. Different types of accounting variables are used like ROA (return on assets), ROE (return on Equity) and Tobin’s q to analyse the financial performance of firms. Data was collected from KSE website and Firm’s websites. The results of this research suggest that firms which adopt non diversification strategies have better financial performance rather than the firms adopting unrelated diversification strategy. It is also resulted that non diversifying organizations have low risk and diversifying organizations have high risk. This research includes only few firms listed in KSE-100 index. Sample size can be increased to check the validity of results. Comparison of different countries can also be done. Different statistical tests can also be applied to check the validity of research. This research also opens many doors for future research like effect of group size on diversification, the level of unrelated and related diversification.
A Study on Stock Dividend of Chinese Securities Market

Based on related dividend theories, this paper uses the empirical data of Chinese securities market, constructs the sub-portfolios which consist of three samples including stock dividend, cash dividend and non-dividend and studies the return of these three types of sub-portfolios by co-integration model and Sharpe index model. The results show that the operating condition of listed companies issuing stock dividend is the best ideal, listed companies' growth decides the choice of dividend policy, stock dividend is the natural choice of listed companies with sustainable development advantages.
Microstrip antenna with S-shaped slot for dual-band circularly polarized operation

A compact circularly polarized microstrip antenna with an S-shaped slot is proposed for dual-band operation. The S-shaped slot is cut onto the centre of a square patch radiator. The measured 10-dB return loss bandwidths for lower and upper bands are 15% and 3.5%, and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidths are 3.6% and 1.1% with respect to 2.50 GHz and 2.85 GHz, respectively. The overall antenna size is 0. 458λ<inf>o</inf> × 0. 458λ<inf>o</inf> × 0. 095λ<inf>o</inf> at 2.5 GHz.
Building Retail Advocacy in Fmcg Industry

2 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies to implement the concept of retail advocacy for attaining desired business results. A comprehensive overview about those factors that provide solid foundation for marketing strategy which will enhance retail advocacy is discussed in this paper. This will help companies to be more focused and make them able to communicate with retailers more effectively. Retail advocacy (RA) aims at communicating right message by interacting with target consumers inside a retail outlet. It brings closer the company and retailer so as to achieve a mutually beneficial business relationship. The study comprised three focus groups of retailers. One focus group for below average worth, one for average worth, one for above the average worth of retailers and one focus groups of consumers in Gujranwala. These focus groups are conducted to check either companies more rely on retail advocacy or advertisement as well as to understand the concept of retail advocacy that helps while writing literature. Every focus group consisted of five participants. Most of participants were male and their ages ranged from 18 to 44. Concept of retail advocacy is relatively new. This study investigated fifteen core elements that motivate retailers for advocacy.
An Iranian Experience of Internet Surveys

ABSTRACT A web survey with a self-selected sample is compared with a face-to-face survey with a probability sample. Both of these surveys consist of a rather similar questionnaire that requests a vote on a TV program. The findings show that a big concern with the web survey is item non-responses while the face-to-face survey has less problems in this regards. The respondents of the web survey consist of male single and young persons. Most participants in this survey are interested watchers of the TV program. In addition, advertisements appreciably have a positive effect on participation in the web survey.
Acute In Vivo Genetic Rescue Demonstrates That Phosphorylation of RIM1α Serine 413 Is Not Required for Mossy Fiber Long-Term Potentiation

While presynaptic, protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent, long-term plasticity has been described in numerous brain regions, the target(s) of PKA and the molecular mechanisms leading to sustained changes in neurotransmitter release remain elusive. Here, we acutely reconstitute mossy fiber long-term potentiation (mfLTP) de novo in the mature brains of mutant mice that normally lack this form of plasticity. These results demonstrate that RIM1α, a presynaptic scaffold protein and a potential PKA target, can support mfLTP independent of a role in brain development. Using this approach, we study two mutations of RIM1α (S413A and V415P) and conclude that PKA-phosphorylation-dependent signaling by RIM1α serine 413 is not required for mfLTP, consistent with conclusions reached from the study of RIM1α S413A knockin mice. Together, these results provide insights into the mechanism of mossy fiber LTP and demonstrate a useful acute approach to genetically manipulate mossy fiber synapses in the mature brain.
An Active Optical Sensor for Monitoring Mixed Venous Oxygen‐Saturation for an Implantable Rate‐Regulating Pacing System

Les stimuJateurs dits “physiologiques” qui sont actuellement disponibles ne restaurent pos la fréquence optimale dans les cos de défaillance auriculaire. autres paramètres biologiques doivent servir de stimulus physiologique pour determiner ľouto‐reglage de la fréquence. La saturation veineuse mesurée par capteur optique serait probablement le paramètre idéal pour ce système de sfimulation. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour bien déterminer les modalités des reponse du système.
A Criação de Riqueza para os Accionistas com Operações de Spin-off : Evidência do Mercado Euronext

iv INTRODUCAO 1 1 AS OPERACOES DE REESTRUTURACAO DE PORTFOLIO 3 1.1 ENQUADRAMENTO 3 1.2 CARACTERIZACAO 4 1.3 RELEVÂNCIA DAS OPERACOES 10 2 SPIN-OFFS 19 2.1 ASPECTOS FORMAIS, FISCAIS E CONTABILISTICOS 19 2.2 REACCAO DO MERCADO 22 2.2.1 Reaccao do mercado em torno do anuncio 23 2.2.2 Reaccao do mercado fora do periodo do anuncio 24 2.3 RAZOES INVOCADAS NA LITERATURA PARA PROCEDER A SPIN-OFFS 28 2.3.1 Apresentacao das razoes 29 2.3.1.1 Refocalizacao 29 2.3.1.2 Reducao da assimetria de informacao 30 2.3.1.3 Facilitar fusoes/ aquisicoes 32 2.3.1.4 Defesa anti-takeover 34 2.3.1.5 Transferencia de riqueza 34 2.3.1.6 Motivos fiscais e de regulacao 34 2.3.2 Papel do corporate governance 35 2.4 RAZOES INVOCADAS NA LITERATURA E A REACCAO DO MERCADO AO ANUNCIO DE SPIN-OFFS . 37 3 REACCAO DO MERCADO A OPERACOES DE SPIN-OFF NO MERCADO EURONEXT 47 3.1 ENQUADRAMENTO E RELEVÂNCIA 47 3.2 QUESTOES DE INVESTIGACAO 48 3.3 CARACTERISTICAS DISTINTIVAS DA INVESTIGACAO 50 3.4 HIPOTESES 51 3.5 METODOS DE INVESTIGACAO 53 3.6 AMOSTRA 57 3.7 VARIAVEIS DEPENDENTES E INDEPENDENTES 61
Comparative analysis of copy number variation in primate genomes

Copy number differences between human and chimpanzee genomic sequences often overlap with regions of intraspecies copy number variation. Copy number variations (CNVs) that occur at orthologous sites in both humans and chimpanzees (‘shared’ CNVs) are likely to represent unstable genomic regions that have been prone to recurrent rearrangements during primate evolution. Lineage-specific CNVs are also important because they may have been subject to positive selection in specific primate lineages and hence could have contributed both to intra- and interspecies phenotypic diversity. In this study, we reinvestigated the data originally obtained by Perry et al. (2006) relating to chimpanzee CNVs and identified 24 genomic regions with the potential to be chimpanzee-specific CNVs. Since every putative chimpanzee-specific CNV was found in at least two of the 20 chimpanzees originally studied, it would appear as if these 24 CNVs are fairly frequent in chimpanzees. A combination of new mutation, genetic drift, and directional or balancing selection is likely to have influenced the maintenance of these CNVs in the chimpanzee population. Several genes map to the regions encompassed by the chimpanzee-specific CNVs. Some of their human orthologues are already known either to influence the phenotype (e.g., SLC24A4) or to be associated with inherited diseases (e.g., PAK3 and DTNBP1). Although the relatively small number of chimpanzee-specific CNVs (N = 24) among the 355 CNVs originally identified may be in part due to the use of a human BAC array to detect them, we nevertheless surmise that lineage-specific CNVs are not abundant in the chimpanzee. The thorough characterization of CNVs in the great ape genomes is a sine qua non for identifying the human-specific CNVs that may constitute genomic regions which have experienced either positive or negative selection during human evolution.
Pseudohyperplastic Adenocarcinoma With Foamy Changes in Needle Prostate Biopsy and Prostatectomy

Pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma (PHA) with foamy changes is composed of neoplastic glands that show a cytoarchitectural combination of both neoplasms. However, none of the previously reported cases have shown typical areas of foamy or PHA. We report on the clinicopathological characteristics of 5 cases consisting predominantly of pseudohyperplastic and foamy adenocarcinomas. In several histological fields, this neoplasm mimicked hyperplastic nodules or prostatic adenosis because they showed the nodular pattern of the PHA and the inconspicuous cytological atypia of foamy gland carcinoma. Four cases had a Gleason score of 6. In the prostatectomies, the neoplasm was limited to the prostatic gland. The evolution has been favorable in all patients after 3 years of follow-up, on average. The cases reported herein demonstrate that PHA and foamy adenocarcinoma may be associated and occasionally show overlapping histological criteria. The PHA with foamy changes must be distinguished from conventional foamy adenocarcinoma and PHA because it can closely resemble hyperplastic glands mainly in needle prostatic biopsy.
Long-Term Stasis in Ecological Assemblages: Evidence from the Fossil Record*

Studies of plant and animal assemblages from both the terrestrial and the marine fossil records reveal persistence for extensive periods of geological time, sometimes millions of years. Persistence does not require lack of change or the absence of variation from one occurrence of the assemblage to the next in geological time. It does, however, imply that assemblage composition is bounded and that variation occurs within those bounds. The principal cause for these patterns appears to be species-, and perhaps clade-level, environmental fidelity that results in long-term tracking of physical conditions. Other factors that influence persistent recurrence of assemblages are historical, biogeographic effects, the law of large numbers, niche differentiation, and biotic interactions. Much research needs to be done in this area, and greater uniformity is needed in the approaches to studying the problem. However, great potential also exists for enhanced interaction between paleoecology and neoecology in understanding spatiotemporal complexity of ecological dynamics.
Panamanians’ Practices for Health Promotion and the Meaning of Respect Afforded them by Health Care Providers

This study describes and compares Panamanians’ and Panamanian Americans’ practices for health promotion and wellness, disease and illness prevention, and the meaning of respect afforded them by health care providers. Understanding a person’s beliefs and values when planning nursing and health care interventions helps the caregiver provide culturally acceptable care that improves clients’ satisfaction and health status. Culturally respectful, acceptable, and appropriate care conserves the utilization of human, material, and financial resources. This sample comprised 70 subjects: 50 in the Republic of Panama and 20 from the DelMarVa Peninsula in the United States. This study uses selected primary and secondary characteristics of culture and selected domains from the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence as guides for questionnaire development, data analysis, and discussion of the findings.
A Visible Light Vessel Navigation Mechanism for Waterway Management System

Using LED lighting has many advantages such as power efficient, better quality, long life span, and focus emission. LED lighting has been employed in our daily life in various ways, (car lamps and lights in vehicles, roadside signal lights, indoor lighting systems, etc.). Moreover, LED light bulbs can also be employed for wireless data communications, namely visible light communication (VLC), which is a fast-growing technology to provide data communication using low-cost and energy efficient LED and photodiodes. VLC can function reliably to provide the necessary inputs such as location and orientation data. Therefore, it draws lots of attention to the positioning and navigation systems and expected to bring benefits such as maintain vessel location and reduce cost after system employed. However, in waterway management system, it will be required both reach “high accuracy position” and “reliability communication control” to satisfy vessel route safety goal. Hence, we proposed visible light vessel navigation and data link protection mechanisms to achieve high accuracy and safety issues for waterway management system. We currently working on implemented these two mechanisms in simulation.
Rosmarinic Acid Interaction with Planktonic and Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus

The subject of study was the evaluation of antibacterial activities of rosmarinic acid (RA) on clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from catheter-related infections. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of RA were tested by broth microdilution assay. Biofilm-eradication activity was detected on 24-hour biofilm in microtiter plates using a regrowth technique; activity on biofilm formation was measured by a microtiter plate method after RA application to bacterial samples after 0, 1, 3 and 6 hours of biofilm development. RA had antimicrobial activity on all tested strains in concentrations from 625 to 1250 μg. mL−1 (MICs equal to MBCs). No biofilm-eradication activity on 24-hour biofilm was observed in the tested range of concentrations (from 156 to 5000 μg.mL−1). Subinhibitory RA concentrations suppressed the biofilm production, when applied at early stages of its development. Concentrations lower than subinhibitory stimulated the biofilm mass production in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Considering our results, RA could be a candidate for a topical antimicrobial agent with killing activity on planktonic forms of bacteria and suppressing activity in the early stages of biofilm development, but probably not for the therapy of catheter-related infections as a sole agent.
False recall and recognition of brand names increases over time

Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, participants are presented with lists of associated words (e.g., bed, awake, night). Subsequently, they reliably have false memories for related but nonpresented words (e.g., SLEEP). Previous research has found that false memories can be created for brand names (e.g., Morrisons, Sainsbury's, Waitrose, and TESCO). The present study investigates the effect of a week's delay on false memories for brand names. Participants were presented with lists of brand names followed by a distractor task. In two between-subjects experiments, participants completed a free recall task or a recognition task either immediately or a week later. In two within-subjects experiments, participants completed a free recall task or a recognition task both immediately and a week later. Correct recall for presented list items decreased over time, whereas false recall for nonpresented lure items increased. For recognition, raw scores revealed an increase in false memory across time reflected in an increase in Remember responses. Analysis of Pr scores revealed that false memory for lures stayed constant over a week, but with an increase in Remember responses in the between-subjects experiment and a trend in the same direction in the within-subjects experiment. Implications for theories of false memory are discussed.
Walking a slippery line: Investments in social values and product longevity

Corporate sponsorship of events that support social values (e.g., human rights) help firms infuse their products with symbolic meaning, prolonging their life cycle. Yet, higher product prices might spark perceptions that the firm invests in social values for calculative or opportunistic motives, in which case event sponsorship is unlikely to deliver the expected benefits in the form of product longevity. This study explores this potential tension empirically, using data related to sponsored social events, entry prices, and product longevity for a U.S. cosmetics producer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new robust phase tracking system for asymmetrical and distorted three phase networks

A new robust synchronization mechanism to detect the phase angle of the positive sequence of the supply voltage system is proposed. The algorithm relies on a feed-forward action to guarantee high dynamic performance and on a feedback action to reduce to zero the errors on the estimation due to the line frequency variations; this last have the structure of a q-phase locked loop (qPLL). A control model of the proposed PLL system is developed and recommendations are given to tune its parameters under asymmetrical and distorted utility conditions. The proposed system has been compared with the most widespread classical structures by means of simulations.