Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A simplified quantum theoretical derivation of the Unruh and Hawking temperature

In this work we suggest a sufficiently simple for understanding "without knowing the details of the quantum gravity" and quite correct deduction of the Unruh temperature (but not whole Unruh radiation process! ). Firstly, we shall directly apply usual consequences of the Unruh radiation and temperature at surface gravity of a large spherical physical system and we shall show that corresponding thermal energy can be formally quite correctly presented as the potential energy absolute value of the classical gravitational interaction between this large and a small quantum system with well defined characteristics. Secondly, we shall inversely "postulate" small quantum system with necessary well defined characteristics and then, after "supposition" on the equivalence between potential energy absolute value of its gravitational interaction with large system with thermal energy, we shall obtain exact value of the Unruh temperature. Moreover, by very simple and correct application of suggested formalism (with small quantum system) at thermodynamic laws, we shall successfully study other thermodynamic characteristics, especially entropy, characteristic for Unruh and Hawking radiation
NSS_A_197375 219..229

1Department of Internal Medicine, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; 3Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA, USA; 4Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 5Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; 6Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 7Department of Physiotherapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; 8Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia Abstract: Sleep disorders are commonly encountered in people living with spinal cord injury (SCI). Primary sleep disorders such as sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), sleep-related movement disorders, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, and insomnia disorder are
Promoting mobility in older people Rantanen

All material supplied via JYX is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of the repository collections is not permitted, except that material may be duplicated by you for your research use or educational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtain permission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not be offered, whether for sale or otherwise to anyone who is not an authorised user. Promoting mobility in older people Rantanen, Taina
A Review : Video Tampering Attacks and Detection Techniques

Technological advancements of various video and image editing tools has reached such a level that the tampering of digital video or image can be performed easily without degrading their quality or leaving any visual evidence. This review paper presents an overview of various types of video forgery and the different types of techniques that are employed for its detection. Passive and active forgery detection techniques are commonly used methods for detecting the tampering in a digital video. Passive and active tampering detection techniques are utilized for detecting the integrity as well as the authenticity of a given video. The aim of this review is to provide some productive information about video tampering attacks for upcoming researchers.
“ All relevant stakeholders ” : a literature review of stakeholder analysis to support inclusivity of innovation processes in farming and food systems

Food insecurity is still relevant for 16.8 million Tanzanians (FAO, 2015). Introduction of e.g. innovative techniques is a widely accepted approach to food insecurity (e.g. Alarcon, 2011). Causes of food insecurity are multi-level and multi-issue evolving e.g. from the interplay between poverty, insufficient awareness, environmental degradation and price instabilities (Ashley, 2016). We argue that to successfully implement and disseminate food security innovations, an adequate understanding of the context is needed. So far, innovation system approaches (used as analytical frameworks) have proven to be appropriate tools to study these multi-level and multi-issue problems in a holistic way (Hall, 2003). In this context, we focus on food security innovations for small-scale farmers in two Tanzanian regions. Based on empirical research, the paper presents findings on: (i) food security innovation processes within the study area; and (ii) selected food security innovation examples from which we attempt to derive the initial conditions for successful dissemination. Methodologically, an explorative mixed-methods approach was applied starting with a literature review and then fieldwork including semi-structured expert interviews at national and regional levels and farmer group discussions at the local level. Preliminary results from system analysis show that the ability of farmer groups to connect to other system-levels and actors would be a critical success factor, but knowledge flows occur when there are levels of trust on the horizontal level. For the local level, knowledge sharing systems are an important condition to enable dissemination processes.
CONVERGENCE OF THE NORMALIZED KÄHLER-RICCI FLOW ON KÄHLER-EINSTEIN FANO MANIFOLDS

We explain the proof of the following result due to Perelman: on a Kähler-Einstein Fano manifold X with no holomorphic vector field, the normalized Kähler-Ricci flow starting from an arbitrary Kähler form in c1(X) converges towards the unique Kähler-Einstein metric.
Home schooling as an open-learning educational challenge in South Africa

Despite current legislation which makes provision for collaboration between the public school sector and home schooling, it appears that much can still be done to move towards a closer partnership. Consequently I investigated the possibilities of such a liaison. A literature review on the nature of home schooling in general was conducted as background to a qualitative investigation on the views of parents, educators and other role players of home schooling within the South African context. The findings showed that home schooling was an open learning educational system which provided opportunities to those learners who wished to participate, irrespective of the possible disadvantages. In conclusion it was found that co-operation between the education authorities and home schoolers was in the best interests of the individual's right to learn, and a symbiotic relationship between the two could benefit both of them. South African Journal of Education Vol. 27 (1) 2007: pp. 83-100
Health care systems and approaches to health care

Introduction An estimated 30,000 children die every day, mainly from preventable and easily treatable causes (Black, Morris and Bryce 2003). Millions of people do not have access to health care because health care systems in many countries are either non-existent or moribund. In many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and in war-ravaged countries such as Afghanistan, health care systems are in a state of collapse. Life expectancy in two regions, Sub-Saharan Africa and the republics of the former Soviet Union (FSU), is deteriorating. In the FSU, although health status and health care systems are better than in Africa, health status is deteriorating at the same time that health care systems are struggling to ensure universal access to care (Box B1.1). In middleand high-income countries, health care systems also struggle with widening disparities in health and health care consumption; uncontrolled rises in health care costs; profit-driven inefficiencies; and a deterioration in trust between citizens and providers. Instead of focusing on particular diseases or issues such as HIV/AIDS, ‘mental health’ or ‘child health’, this chapter is focused on developing an agenda for health care systems development. In doing so, it advocates looking back to the 1978 Alma Ata Declaration on Health (WHO/UNICEF 1978) and the pledge made to achieve ‘Health for All’ through the Primary Health Care (PHC) Approach. The principles of the PHC Approach are as relevant today as they were nearly 30 years ago and provide a guide not just for the organization of health care systems, but also for how health care systems should act as an engine for promoting health and development more generally, and as an instrument for promoting equity and empowering the poor. Section 1 of this chapter reasserts these principles. Section 2 goes on to explore how the principles of the PHC Approach have been undermined by various policies and events in five thematic areas:
Giving meaning to a RFID or cochlear implant : Technology as tool , the normal self , and the enhanced self

RFID implants are controversial for their potential use in society. However, as the social shaping of technology predicts, technology itself is not inherently good or bad; it is important how the technology is used. Through an ongoing process of giving meaning to a technology, people incorporate a technology into their lives and in this sense ‘domesticate’ it. Using semi-structured interviews with people with a cochlear implant (CI) and do-it-yourselfers with a RFID implant, this study sheds light on the meaning individuals give to their implants. Three repertoires were found among my respondents: technology as a tool, the normal self, and the enhanced self. CI-users perceive the implant as a tool to be able to hear and participate in society. This study shows that the CI-users desire a body that functions as it normally should because they want to participate in society. The CI is a means to achieve this normalization and the fact that it is implanted rather than attached to the body is generally of minor concern. The RFID tagged persons can also perceive their implant as a tool, but attach different meanings to it. Whereas the CI-users want to blend in society, some RFID implantees use their implant to stand out. Some RFID implantees perceive themselves as upgraded and welcome a tighter integration of technology and their bodies. Moreover, believing in an enhanced self corresponds with wanting to modify the human body to improve the body’s capacity. This shows that desiring human enhancement is not only about the exact details of the enhancement, but also about the mere fact of being enhanced.
Comparison of detection methods used to determine Escherichia coli and meat exudate removal from stainless steel surfaces following different physical cleaning methods.

Food products can be contaminated by residual organic materials and food-borne pathogenic microorganisms through contact with biofouling present on surfaces. Efficient cleaning is needed to maintain hygienic requirements and for quality assurance of food contact surfaces. To evaluate the efficacy of cleaning procedures, it is essential to use reliable detection and quantification methods that can detect both organic material and microorganisms retained on surfaces. Repeated fouling with both organic material (meat exudate) and microorganisms (Escherichia coli) on 304 2B finish stainless steel surfaces was carried out. The surfaces were then cleaned using either a soak, spray or wipe method (in water) in order compare various biofouling detection methods. Following enumeration of the microorganisms by plate counting, the results demonstrated that the soak and spray washes were the best cleaning methods, whereas the wipe clean produced the least hygienic surface. ATP bioluminescence further demonstrated that the spray cleaned surface was the most hygienic followed by the soaked cleaned surfaces. However, percentage coverage counts demonstrated that the number of retained cells on following the soak wash was the greatest (77.38 % after 30 washes) and the amount of organic material retained was greater than 50% on all the surfaces, and was not significantly different between the different types of cleans or number of washes. Visualisation of the surfaces using epifluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the soak clean was the least hygienic in terms of bacterial retention. This suggests that the biofouling on the surface was difficult to remove following the soak cleaning method. UV detection demonstrated that it was difficult to detect organic material, regardless of the cleaning method used. However, when using more intense UV at selected wavelengths, the 330 nm - 360 nm illuminated the retained biofouling on the surfaces with the greatest intensity. The use of the different cleaning assays resulted in differences in cell and organic material distribution across the surfaces. The recorded level of contamination varied depending on the detection method used in this study. Our results highlighted that, in addition to the quantification method, visual images and quantification may help to better understand the fouling process on surfaces since certain cleaning methods may result in organic material being difficult to remove and detect.
PEOPLE AND AUDIT PROCESS ATTRIBUTES OF AUDIT QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA

This study seeks to add to understanding of the concept and attributes of audit quality from the perspective of those responsible for delivery audit services, the auditors, as a key constituent group in the auditing system. The study surveyed two groups of external auditors (group 1- audit partners and managerial level and, group 2 - senior auditors and junior auditors), as a basis to compare their perceptions on important of auditors and audit process attributes in achieving audit quality in practice. The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data being gathered via questionnaire. Returned surveys from external auditors yielded a 37% response rate. Overall, top 5 highest rated attributes of audit quality reported to be most important in determining audit quality are: compliance with the International Standard Quality Control (ISCQ) 1, obtaining credible and sufficient audit evidence, technical expertise of audit team, audit work meeting the audit firms’ quality standards, and competency of the audit team. Further analysis shows that the two groups of respondents have differential views on attributes of audit quality in practice. Group 1 perceived attributes of audit quality are related to auditor’s assessment of risk and internal quality review procedures within the audit firm. In comparison, group 2 perceived auditors’ competency and compliance with relevant standards as indicators of audit quality. This study suggests differences in underlying view about attributes audit quality in practice by the two groups of auditors. Public accounting firms might be interested to understand such underlying differences so that efforts in improving audit quality in practice would be focusing on the key attributes that perceived to be important on delivery high-quality audit services. This study is significant by extending the literature on audit quality and also provides useful input to public accounting firms in improving audit quality in practice.
International venturing emerging paradigms - a study of the Indian IT industry

Cross border mergers and acquisitions is the fastest means of making an international presence for a business firm. It is a mode of outward FDI which has so far been explained best in terms of Dunning’s OLI framework. The emergence of outbound FDI from the developing world however, has looked at alternate frameworks emphasizing outward orientation, leverage through building linkages and achieving organizational efficiency through integration. The study seeks to explain outbound M&A in the Indian IT industry during 2000-2006, in the changing global competitive scenario .
NASRUN et al. : Pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam menggunakan pseudomonad fluoresen

Controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant with fluorescent pseudomonad The study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant (Ralstonia solanacearum) with fluorescent pseudomonad was carried out in a farmer’s field in Situak Village West Pasaman, West Sumatera from October 2003 to June 2004. The aims of the study were to find out the effectiveness of fluorescent pseudomonad for controlling bacterial wilt disease, increasing plant growth and production. Isolates of fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147 and Pf 180 as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy patchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum in vitro at the Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. The isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant and adapted for one week before planting. The plants treated with fluorescent pseudomonad isolates were planted in the field infected with pathogen on October 2003. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with six replications. The assessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plant growth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed that fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could control the bacterial wilt disease and delay the incubation period 6-52 days and decrease the disease intensity 31,11–50,56%. In addition fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e. plant height ( 6,7 – 26,3 cm ), leaf numbers (4,6 – 30,1 leaves/plant) and dry weight of leaves (24,5 – 154,3 g/plant), and plant production, especially oil content (4,8 – 22,3 ml/plant). The results of the experiment showed that Pf 91 isolate had the highest antagonistic activity on controlling the bacterial wilt disease on field.
Factors explaining the adoption of mobile marketing in Cameroon: Exploratory study on the use of SMS as method of transmission of social information

Mobile marketing is getting an increasingly powerful presence in the communication channel of tomorrow, given its increasing use worldwide. In the Cameroonian context, this method is therefore increasingly used for the transmission of social information. The goal of this exploratory research is to identify and describe the factors that would likely affect the adoption of mobile marketing by advocates of social issues in Cameroon. A Technology-Organisation-Environment framework of the contextual influences on the adoption of technological innovation is used to interpret an analysis of four advocates of social issues and the use of mobile data. The results show that the importance of the objectives sought, the benefits foreseen, were the most important factors influencing adoption of mobile marketing. Other factors that appeared to influence the adoption of mobile marketing included the influence of partners, the perception of receptiveness from the target population and the compatibility with the traditional means of communication. The complexity seemed less important for these adopters; it was not mentioned by the majority. Key words: Mobile marketing, social SMS, adoption of mobile marketing, advocated of social issues.
Why Don't Americans Save?

This paper provides an examination of the decline in the household saving rate over the past two decades from both the macroeconomic and microeconomic perspectives. Between 1980-84 and 2000-04 private saving fell more than 8 percentage points of U.S. GDP. At the aggregate level, about 40 percent of the fall in the household saving rate occurred within contractual retirement accounts, that is, within employer-sponsored and individual retirement plans. Moreover, much of the drop in discretionary saving occurred before the sharp rise in equity and home values in the late 1990s. The paper examines the potential scope of a number of other explanations for the fall in aggregate saving, such as the drop in inflation, increased capital gains on wealth, and alternative treatments of consumer durables as investment. Lower rates of inflation do emerge as a possible cause of the drop in measured saving, but the other factors do not seem consistent with the observed timing of the decline.
Energy-Efficient Algorithms for Target Monitoring in Mobile Sensor Networks

The main focus of this work is directed towards maximization of the lifetime of a network of cooperating mobile sensors monitoring a pre-specified target. It is assumed that the main sources of energy consumption in the network are movement, communication and sensing. It is desired to gather information about a moving target in a 2D field and find a proper route to transmit it to a fixed base or destination point. In order to find the most efficient route for transmitting information, the field is discretized as a grid of nodes. It is assumed that the sensors and target are located in the nodes at any point in time. A direct graph is subsequently constructed whose vertices are the grid nodes, and whose edges are weighted properly based on their residual energy. The proper set of nodes are then obtained (which form the desired route for maximizing the lifetime of the network) by solving the shortest path problem in the resultant graph. Finally, a proper model is adopted for the batteries to plan the sensor movement by solving a nonlinear programming problem to minimize the energy consumption of the overall network.
AP19-00725 Abstract View

Introduction : The pathophysiologic mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF) in diabetes is unclear. Our previous studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a role in this process. Wenxin Keli (WXKL), a compound Chinese medicine for clinical treatment of arrhythmia, has been found to inhibit L-type calcium channel, sodium channel and transient outward potassium channel and thus reduce the incidence of arrhythmia. The mitochondrial dysfunction is related to intracellular calcium overload. This study hypothesized that WXKL improved atrial remodeling in diabetic rats by regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress and homeostasis.
Arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat immunomodulatory potentials: a review article

Purpose The purpose of this study is to discuss recent research on arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat byproducts and their immunomodulatory potentials. Also, a potential receptor for arabinoxylans is proposed in relation to arabinoxylans structure. Design/methodology/approach This review summarises recent publications on arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat, classification of arabinoxylans, a brief background on their method of extraction and their immunomodulatory potentials as they induce pro-inflammatory response in vitro, in vivo and in humans. The mechanism of action in which arabinoxylans modulate the immune activity is yet to be discovered, However, the authors have proposed a potential receptor for arabinoxylans in relation to arabinoxylans structure and molecular weight. Findings The effects of arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat on the immune response was found to cause a pro-inflammatory response in vitro, in vivo and in humans. Also, the immune response depends on arabinoxylans structure, the degree of branching and origin. Originality/value This review paper focuses on the effects of arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat on immunomodulatory potentials in vitro, in vivo and in humans. A new mechanism of action has been proposed based on the literature and via linking between arabinoxylans and lipopolysaccharide structure, molecular weight and suggested proposed receptor, which might be activated via both of them.