Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Vlsi Architecture By Shift Based Accumulation In Sc-Fdma Mimo Detectors

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) single carrier frequency division multiple access (SCFDMA), which combines the advantage of diversities with frequency domain equalizers (FDE), has drawn great attention recently. Due to invention of digital video broadcasting 16-QAM and 64-QAM schemes are most widely used in recent wireless systems. In this paper we introduce a novel low complexity multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detector tailored for single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, suitable for efficient hardware implementations. The proposed detector starts with an initial estimate of the transmitted signal based on a minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector. Then in order to improve the initial estimate rate less reliable symbols with more candidates in the constellation are soft decoded. Efficient high-throughput VLSI architecture is used to achieve superior performance compared to the conventional MMSE detectors. The performance of the proposed design is close to the existing maximum likelihood postdetection processing (ML-PDP) scheme, while resulting in a significantly lower complexity. The efficiency of MIMO over high order constellations are verified through MATLAB BER simulation and complexity reduction is proved with hardware synthesis results.
Effect of Various Ions, pH, and Osmotic Pressure on Oxidation of Elemental Sulfur by Thiobacillus thiooxidans

ABSTRACT The oxidation of elemental sulfur by Thiobacillus thiooxidans was studied at pH 2.3, 4.5, and 7.0 in the presence of different concentrations of various anions (sulfate, phosphate, chloride, nitrate, and fluoride) and cations (potassium, sodium, lithium, rubidium, and cesium). The results agree with the expected response of this acidophilic bacterium to charge neutralization of colloids by ions, pH-dependent membrane permeability of ions, and osmotic pressure.
An Ideology of IT Occupational Culture: The ASPIRE Values

Many have conjectured that people in the IT occupation are different from non-IT business users and that such differences can lead to negative organizational outcomes. This study investigates how to measure these differences by developing a new, expanded theoretical framework of IT occupational culture (ITOC). This framework includes: Artifacts, Values, and Tacit Assumptions. Values form the core of any culture, and a cohesive set of cultural values is termed an "ideology. " Using a mixed methodology, research was conducted in two parts to develop and measure an ideology of ITOC. A qualitative investigation based on interview data provided evidence of six core values in the ideology: Autonomy in Decision-Making, Structure in Environment, Precision in Communication, Innovation in Technology, Reverence for Technical Knowledge, and Enjoyment at the Workplace (ASPIRE). The quantitative investigation sought to validate the values and ultimately reduced the number of values to five based on factor analysis of survey data: Autonomy in Decision-Making, Structure/Precision, Innovation in Technology, Reverence for Technical Knowledge, and Enjoyment at the Workplace. IT respondents rated these values significantly higher than non-IT business personnel. Our findings have implications for practitioners and researchers and can provide a path to bridge the gap between IT and business users.
The Expressive Power of Henkin Quantifiers with Dualization

The thesis discusses an extension of the logic with Henkin quantifiers (a survey of Henkin quantifers may be found in [Krynicki–Mostowski 1995a]). The extension, known as logic with branched quantifiers with dualization (LBD), differs from the usual logic with Henkin quantifiers in that the set of available quantifiers is additionally closed on a dualization operator (where the dualization of a quantifier Q is defined as ¬Q¬). In [Mostowski 1987a] it was shown that LBD is semantically equivalent to second order logic. In this thesis we use a naturally defined notion of dualization depth of a quantifier to examine the semantical force of sublogics of LBD. We prove that for any natural number n, the class of simple positive formulae with quantifiers of dualization depth at most n is semantically equivalent to the class Σn+1. We also show that the expressive power of the full logic with quantifiers of dualization depth at most n is bounded by the class ∆n+2. One of the corollaries of our results is that Henkin quantifiers of dualization depth at most n are a natural class of quantifiers capturing the complexity class Σn+1 of the so–called polynomial hierarchy.
Transection of the Posterior Ampullary Nerve for the Relief of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Five patients with incapacitating benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) for one year or longer were managed surgically by transection of the posterior ampullary nerve. An approach to this nerve was devised based upon a careful study of the posterior ampullary nerve in temporal bone dissections and specimens of the inner ear. Using the round window membrane as the principal landmark, the singular canal was exposed in the round window niche via a tympanotomy approach under local anesthesia. Transection of the posterior ampullary nerve promptly and completely relieved the signs and symptoms of BPPV in all five patients. A severe sensorineural hearing loss was produced in one case as a result of traumatic labyrinthitis. Transection of the posterior ampullary nerve in the round window niche is recommended to: 1) relieve severe BPPV of one or more years duration, and 2) add to the completeness of transcanal labyrinthectomy by denervating the inaccessible posterior canal crista.
Projective drawings in a cerebellar disorder due to chicken pox encephalitis.

Summary Projective drawings may be more sensitive to cerebellar disorders than the Rorschach or the geometric designs of the Bender. Drawings of a nine-year-old whose “bad case of chicken pox” was later diagnosed as varicella encephalitis are presented, with suggestions as to why this sensitivity may occur.
A Strong Token Authentication And Cryptography Based Application And Data Access For Cloud Users.

Cloud computing is the latest trend in comuting by which various services, applications and other computing things can be delivered as a service. Mainly it is a formal combination of distributed, grid, cluster, elastic and utility computing. Such computation provides a quality of service based robust usage experience for the user. It serves reduced complexity and service expandability for making standardization. This leads to improved operational efficiencies and offers the client reduced predictable annual costs. Other benefits were realized in areas, such as self service, service catalog, automatic provisioning and deprovisioning, and capacity flexibility. A cloud provides clients with features, such as disaster recovery, security, and metering, which enable clients to reduce costs, increase standardization, and improve business continuity
Progressive myoclonus epilepsy with Lafora inclusion bodies. I. Clinical, genetic, histopathologic, and biochemical aspects.

LAFORA'S disease 1 (progressive myoclonus epilepsy with Lafora inclusion bodies) is a rare hereditary disorder. It can be characterized clinically by the onset in adolescence of myoclonus, convulsions, and progressive dementia with inexorable progression to death within four to ten years. Of the few reported examples of this disease, most have been diagnosed at autopsy and studies have generally been restricted to histopathologic techniques. We recently have studied two patients with Lafora's disease in an attempt more clearly to define the clinical, genetic, and biochemical aspects of this disease. 2,3 The histology and ultrastructure of biopsy material from cerebral cortex, striated muscle, liver, and other sites were also studied. Because definite abnormalities were noted in many facets of our investigation, we are reporting our observations in detail. Report of Cases CASE 1. — A 19-year-old white boy was admitted to the North Carolina Baptist Hospital in October 1963, for evaluation of
Inflammation‐associated remodelling and fibrosis in the lung – a process and an end point

Fibrosis by common usage in the pathological and clinical literature is the end result of a healing process and synonymous with scarring. We would argue that its use to describe a dynamic series of events which may be reversible is unhelpful and that the term ‘lung remodelling’ is a better description for this process as it reflects changes in tissue organization that may or may not progress to ‘fibrosis’ as a final fixed point. Resolution, through reversal of active lung remodelling, by therapeutic intervention is possible providing the alveolar architecture remains intact. If the lung architecture is lost then healing by permanent fibrosis with loss of organ function is inevitable.
Cross-Well Radar. II: Comparison and Experimental Validation of Modeling Channel Transfer Function

Close agreement between theory and experiment is critical for adequate understanding and implementation of the cross-well radar (otherwise known as cross-borehole ground penetrating radar) technique, mentioned in a previous paper by the authors. Comparison of experimental results to simulation using a half-space dyadic Green's function in the frequency domain requires development of transfer functions to transform the experimental data into a compatible form. A channel transfer function (CTF) was developed to avoid having to model the transmitting and receiving characteristics of the antennas. The CTF considers electromagnetic wave propagation through the intervening media only (soil in this case) and hence corresponds to the simulation results that assume ideal sources and receivers. The CTF is based on assuming the transmitting antenna, soil, and receiving antenna as a cascade of three two-port microwave junctions between the input and output ports of the vector network analyzer used in the experimental measurements. Experimentally determined CTF results are then compared with computational model simulations for cases of relatively dry and saturated sandy soil backgrounds. The results demonstrate a reasonable agreement, supporting both the model and CTF formulation.
The value of histological examination in the audit of hospital autopsies: A quantitative approach

Summary The aims of this study were to compare the clinical with autopsy diagnoses, to evaluate the role of histological examination in the pathological diagnoses and to assess the new pathological diagnoses uncovered by autopsy. We aimed to obtain quantitative assessment of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of clinical diagnoses. The guidelines for postmortem reports by the Royal College of Pathologists (1993) were implemented for reports used in this study. These guidelines are similar in intent to those of the College of American Pathologists. Complete macroscopic and histological studies of 108 (53 females) autopsies were analysed. The mean age was 78.0 ± 9.0 (SD) years (range 54–94 years). The interquarntile range (25%ile 75%ile) was 72–84 years, with a median of 79.5 years. Seventy per cent of all causes of death were confirmed by macroscopical and histological examination. Sixty‐one clinical diagnoses were inconsistent with the pathological findings. Histological examination contributed significantly to the final diagnosis in major (5%) and minor (6%) clinicopathological as well as new pathological findings (23%). The most common causes of death not suspected clinically were pulmonary embolism (23%), bronchopneumonia (22%), ischemic heart disease (13%) and malignancies (10%). The clinical sensitivity of antemortem diagnoses was 25% for peritonitis and 24% for pulmonary embolism. The overall clinical sensitivity was 54% and specificity 92%. The accuracy of positive diagnosis was 69% and accuracy of negative diagnosis 88%. Unexpected causes of death represented a third of all causes of death reported. Histological examination is an important tool in hospital autopsy audit. A quantitative approach can be used to assess the accuracy of postmortem clinical diagnoses, to identify the possible source of clinical diagnostic weakness, and provide data that may be of use for diagnostic precision in the more difficult clinical subjects.
Modeling Collaborative Behavior: Foundations for Collaboration Technologies

Can models of collaboration serve as a foundation for development of collaborative technologies in much the same way that engineers use models when developing complex systems? We explore this issue by investigating how eight approaches to understanding or modeling collaboration could be used to improve technologies that support a change management process. Some approaches are ostensive, defining how collaboration should be achieved. These approaches provide ways of documenting, analyzing, simulating, and automating the process. Other approaches are performative, describing actual collaboration behavior. These approaches reveal the variability in collaboration and deviations from the intended process. Technologies could benefit from and facilitate both types of approaches by recording collaborative events for later analysis. We conclude by considering ways that modeling collaboration could contribute to requirements analysis, new collaboration capabilities, adoption, and maximizing benefit from technologies.
S-methyl glutathione synthesis is catalyzed by the cheR methyltransferase in Escherichia coli

The cheR methyltransferase, known to be necessary for the methyl esterification of receptors involved in chemotaxis, is shown to be essential to the synthesis of S-methyl glutathione from glutathione and S-adenosylmethionine in intact Escherichia coli. S-Methyl glutathione is not, however, found to be essential for chemotaxis. It is suggested that the synthesis of S-methyl glutathione may be due to a "parasitic" reaction of glutathione with S-adenosylmethionine bound to the methyltransferase.
Youth Living With HIV and Partner-Specific Risk for the Secondary Transmission of HIV

Background: Secondary transmission remains a significant concern among HIV-infected youth. Little is known, however, about how partner-specific sexual risk behaviors for the secondary transmission of HIV may differ between the 2 largest subgroups of HIV-positive youth, women-who-have-sex-with-men (WSM) and men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM), Methods: During 2003-2004, a convenience sample of HIV-infected youth, 13 to 24 years of age, were recruited from 15 Adolescent Medicine Trials Network clinical sites. Approximately 10 to 15 youth were recruited at each site. Participants completed an ACASI survey including questions about sex partners in the past year. Cross-sectional data analyses, including bivariate and multivariable regressions, using generalized estimating equations, were conducted during 2008 to compare recent partner-specific sexual risk behaviors between WSM and MSM. Results: Of 409 participants, 91% (371) were included in this analysis, including 176 WSM and 195 MSM. Ninety-two percent (163 WSM, 177 MSM) provided information on characteristics of their sexual partners. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in recent partner-specific sexual risk behaviors including: lower rates of condom use at last sex among WSM (61% WSM vs. 78% MSM; P = 0.0011); a larger proportion of the sex partners of MSM reported as concurrent (56% MSM vs. 36% WSM; P = 0.0001); and greater use of hard drugs at last sex by MSM and/or their partner (18% MSM vs. 4% WSM; P = 0.0008). When measuring risk as a composite measure of sexual risk behaviors known to be associated with HIV transmission, both groups had high rates of risky behaviors, 74.7% among young MSM compared to 68.1% of WSM. Conclusions: These data suggest that recent partner-specific sexual risk behaviors for HIV transmission are high among young infected MSM and WSM. These findings suggest the need to offer interventions to reduce the secondary transmission of HIV to all HIV-positive youth in care. However, differences in risk behaviors between young MSM and WSM supports population-specific interventions.
The switchable integrin adhesome

Adhesion sites, which interconnect cells with their neighbors or with the extracellular matrix (ECM), are large multiprotein complexes that provide mechanical coupling as well as a means for cells to sense the chemical and physical properties of their environment ([Bershadsky et al., 2003][1]; [Chen
The Granular Tabu Search and Its Application to the Vehicle-Routing Problem

We describe a new variant, calledgranular tabu search, of the well-known tabu-search approach. The method uses an effective intensification/diversification tool that can be successfully applied to a wide class of graph-theoretic and combinatorial-optimization problems. Granular tabu search is based on the use of drastically restricted neighborhoods, not containing the moves that involve only elements that are not likely to belong to good feasible solutions. These restricted neighborhoods are calledgranular, and may be seen as an efficient implementation of candidate-list strategies proposed for tabu-search algorithms. Results of computational testing of the proposed approach on the well-known symmetric capacitated and distance-constrained vehicle-routing problem are discussed, showing that the approach is able to determine very good solutions within short computing times.
Human DC-SIGN binds specific human milk glycans.

Human milk glycans (HMGs) are prebiotics, pathogen receptor decoys and regulators of host physiology and immune responses. Mechanistically, human lectins (glycan-binding proteins, hGBP) expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) are of major interest, as these cells directly contact HMGs. To explore such interactions, we screened many C-type lectins and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) expressed by DCs for glycan binding on microarrays presenting over 200 HMGs. Unexpectedly, DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) showed robust binding to many HMGs, whereas other C-type lectins failed to bind, and Siglec-5 and Siglec-9 showed weak binding to a few glycans. By contrast, most hGBP bound to multiple glycans on other microarrays lacking HMGs. An α-linked fucose residue was characteristic of HMGs bound by DC-SIGN. Binding of DC-SIGN to the simple HMGs 2'-fucosyl-lactose (2'-FL) and 3-fucosyl-lactose (3-FL) was confirmed by flow cytometry to beads conjugated with 2'-FL or 3-FL, as well as the ability of the free glycans to inhibit DC-SIGN binding. 2'-FL had an IC50 of ∼1 mM for DC-SIGN, which is within the physiological concentration of 2'-FL in human milk. These results demonstrate that DC-SIGN among the many hGBP expressed by DCs binds to α-fucosylated HMGs, and suggest that such interactions may be important in influencing immune responses in the developing infant.
Biology of advanced uveal melanoma and next steps for clinical therapeutics

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy although it is a rare subset of all melanomas. Uveal melanoma has distinct biology relative to cutaneous melanoma, with widely divergent patient outcomes. Patients diagnosed with a primary uveal melanoma can be stratified for risk of metastasis by cytogenetics or gene expression profiling, with approximately half of patients developing metastatic disease, predominately hepatic in location, over a 15‐yr period. Historically, no systemic therapy has been associated with a clear clinical benefit for patients with advanced disease, and median survival remains poor. Here, as a joint effort between the Melanoma Research Foundation's ocular melanoma initiative, CURE OM and the National Cancer Institute, the current understanding of the molecular and immunobiology of uveal melanoma is reviewed, and on‐going laboratory research into the disease is highlighted. Finally, recent investigations relevant to clinical management via targeted and immunotherpies are reviewed, and next steps in the development of clinical therapeutics are discussed.
Cell-binding domain of adenovirus serotype 2 fiber

The adenovirus fiber appears as a long, thin projection terminated by a knob (head). The fiber consists of a trimeric protein whose head domain is thought to interact with cell receptors. The head part (amino acids 388 to 582) of adenovirus type 2 fiber was produced in a baculovirus expression system. The purified protein was shown to cross-link into trimers. It was very resistant to proteolytic attack and seemed to attain a high degree of compactness. The head domain efficiently inhibited attachment of adenovirus to receptors on the surface of HeLa cells, thereby confirming the hypothesis that the head domain interacts with viral receptors.
Multiple-Arm Folded Monopole Antenna Operating Extremely Close to a Conductive Plane

The paper presents study of radiation properties of low profile folded multiple-arm dipole and design of monopole antennas operating extremely closely spaced above a conductive plane (as far as to 0.003 lambda0) intended to use for radiofrequency identification of moving sportsmen in mass race in frequency band at 869 MHz. It is shown that complex conjugate matched monopole prototype can have satisfactory radiation efficiency in spite of the extremely low relative antenna height above the conductive plane used as a shielding of human body or metallic objects.
A NoC-based multi-core architecture for IEEE 802.11i CCMP

To enhance security in WLAN, CCMP is introduced in IEEE 802.11i. This paper presents a heterogeneous multi-core architecture based on NoC to support high-speed CCMP application. Four general processors and twelve security ASIPs are connected by a 4×4 mesh NoC. A modified PTLU is implemented in each ASIP to accelerate AES operations. Task parallelism in CCMP is exploited to obtain high throughput. Synthesized in SMIC 0. 13µm CMOS technology, the proposed system measures a hardware cost of 3.08M gates. Experiment results show that the system achieves a throughput of 787Mbps at 84MHz.
Xenopus primary neurogenesis and retinogenesis

In the past, significant advances in our understanding of vertebrate neurogenesis have been obtained using the amphibian model system Xenopus laevis. Today, Xenopus continues to serve as an excellent system to study the molecular mechanisms of neural cell fate determination and differentiation owing to the accessibility of the earliest events of neurogenesis, amenability of the organism to manipulations such as microinjection, electroporation, explant isolation and cultivation. In Xenopus, the first neurons are born within the induced neuroectoderm shortly after gastrulation in three longitudinal domains on each side of the midline and are termed primary neurons. In addition to primary neurogenesis, the retina, in which six classes of neuronal cells and the Muller glial cell sequentially differentiate, also serves as an outstanding system to study the molecular events of neurogenesis. In this review we will detail the current knowledge of events that control neuronal and glial cell fates in Xenopus, with an emphasis on intrinsic factors, cell cycle regulators and the Notch pathway in the context of primary neurogenesis and retinogenesis.