Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gingival overgrowth in subjects under immunosuppressive regimens based on cyclosporine, tacrolimus, or sirolimus.

AIM To assess the prevalence and variables associated with gingival overgrowth (GO) in renal transplant recipients medicated with cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (Tcr), or sirolimus (Sir). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty-five eligible subjects were divided in CsA, Tcr, and Sir groups comprising 45 subjects each. GO was visually assessed and subjects were assigned as GO+ or GO- in a post hoc definition. Saliva samples were collected and the presence of periodontal pathogens was assessed through polymerase chain reaction. Variables of interest were compared between GO+ and GO- subjects through univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Prevalence of GO was of 60.0% for CsA, 28.9% for Tcr, and 15.6% for Sir groups. Within the CsA group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p=0.001); within the Tcr group, GO was associated with CsA previous use (p=0.013), and calcium channel blockers (CCB) use (p=0.003); within the Sir group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p=0.018), and CCB use (p=0.020). A higher frequency of Tannerella forsythia was observed among GO+ subjects medicated with Tcr. CONCLUSION Pharmacological and periodontal variables were associated with GO in different immunosuppressive regimens. Integration between the medical and the dental team may be an important approach in the post-transplant maintenance routine.
Opening pandora's box: Implication of RLUT on secure FPGA applications and IP security

Modern FPGAs, due to its many advanced features, have become a popular implementation platform for various applications like aerospace, defence, automotive, cryptography and many more. Additionally, modern FPGAs are equipped with high performance hard-IPs which has reduced the performance gap between ASIC and FPGAs significantly. Dynamically Reconfigurable Look-up-Tables (RLUT) is an advanced feature of modern FPGAs whose content can be updated internally, even during run-time without requiring any bit-stream update. These RLUTs can be used to develop stealthy hardware Trojans with zero overhead payload designs. This phenomenon when combined with an efficient triggering methodology, can lead to the insertion of covert back-doors in cryptographic applications. Furthermore, RLUTs can be deployed for developing customizable S-Box and lightweight S-Box masking schemes. This lightweight S-Box masking scheme when combined with other non-efficient side channel countermeasures (like shuffling) can generate lightweight and efficient side channel countermeasure for lightweight cryptographic applications. Additionally, RLUTs can also be applied to solve long standing problem of FPGA based IP protection. FPGA vendors are making serious efforts for IP protection leading to standardization schemes like IEEE P1735. However, efficient techniques to prevent unauthorized overuse of IP still remain an open question. In this work, we have developed an efficient IP licensing scheme by combining RLUTs with physically unclonable functions (PUFs) and a lightweight cryptographic application. This work summarizes applications of RLUTs for different applications related with FPGA security. It shows applicability of RLUTs for security application on FPGA and its applicability on FPGA security by development of IP licensing protocols
Role of charged residues of pharaonis phoborhodopsin (sensory rhodopsin II) in its interaction with the transducer protein.

pharaonis phoborhodopsin (ppR; also called pharaonis sensory rhodopsin II, NpSRII) is a receptor for negative phototaxis in Natronomonas (Natronobacterium) pharaonis. In membranes, it forms a 2:2 complex with its transducer protein, pHtrII, which transmits light signals into the cytoplasmic space through protein-protein interactions. We previously found that a specific deprotonated carboxyl of ppR or pHtrII strengthens their binding [Sudo, Y. , et al. (2002) Biophys. J. 83, 427-432]. In this study we aim to identify this carboxyl group. Since the D75N mutant has only one photointermediate (ppR(O)(-)(like)) whose existence spans the millisecond time range, the analysis of its decay rate is simple. We prepared various D75N mutants such as D75N/D214N, D75N/K157Q/R162Q/R164Q (D75N/3Gln), D75N/D193N, and D75N/D193E, among which only D75N/D193N did not show pH dependence with regard to the ppR(O)(-)(like) decay rate and K(D) value for binding, implying that the carboxyl group in question is from Asp-193. The pK(a) of this group decreased to below 2 when a complex was formed. Therefore, we conclude that Asp-193(p)()(pR) is connected to the distant transducer-ppR binding surface via hydrogen bonds, thereby modulating its pK(a). In addition, we discuss the importance of Arg-162(p)()(pR) with respect to the binding activity.
Development of glycinergic cells and puncta in nuclei of the superior olivary complex of the postnatal ferret

The distribution of glycine‐immunopositive cells and axonal endings was studied in the adult and early postnatal ferret superior olive. As in other species, the most prominent glycine‐immunopositive cell group in the adult ferret superior olive was the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Other darkly immunostained cells were present, although more scattered, in most periolivary regions, including the lateral and ventral trapezoid body nuclei. In the lateral superior olivary nuclei, glycine‐immunopositive cells were intermingled with immunonegative cells. A comparable population of cells in the ipsilateral lateral superior olivary nucleus was retrogradely labeled in cases with unilateral injections of tritiated glycine in the inferior colliculus. Glycine‐immunopositive puncta were widely distributed in the neuropil in most periolivary regions, including dense accumulations in the dorsomedial periolivary region and ventral and lateral nuclei of the trapezoid body. In the lateral and medial superior olivary nuclei, immunopositive puncta were distributed around the principal cells in characteristic perisomatic halos.
Common Mode EMI Model for a Direct Matrix Converter

This paper presents an electromagnetic interference (EMI) model to evaluate the conducted common mode (CM) disturbances produced by matrix converters (MCs). The model is based on obtaining a high frequency (HF) equivalent circuit with HF sources representing the switching devices. The circuit resolution in the frequency domain allows the calculation of any EMI parameter with very low computational burden and avoids convergence problems, which are common in time domain methods. The original contribution lies in the source model implementation and placement. The simulation and experimental results for CM leakage currents validate the EMI model.
Genome Sequence of Avirulent Riemerella anatipestifer Strain RA-SG

ABSTRACT Riemerella anatipestifer is a pathogenic bacterium that has spread all over the world and is associated with epizootic infections in waterfowl and other avian species. R. anatipestifer RA-SG is an avirulent strain, isolated from an infected duck in Guangdong province, China. The genome sequence of this species is presented herein.
An Epidemiological and Sociological Study of Unexpected Death in Infancy in Nine Areas of Southern England: I: Epidemiology

An epidemiological survey of unexpected deaths in infancy covering nine areas of southern England is reported. The areas include specially deprived inner city areas of London, inner and outer suburbs of London, rapidly developing and new towns and their surrounding country districts and a coastal resort. The report is based on 308 cases and 236 controls. Theepidemiological patterns found in respect of time of death, age, sex and season are similar to those reported by previous studies. The characteristic ‘cot death’ age distribution cannot be explained by the inclusion of older infants whose respiratory passages are obstructed by bedding or infection. Possible explanations for a substantial outbreak in one area are considered. Well recognized differences between cases and controls in respect of age of parents, parity, prematurity, twinning, hospital admission and clinic attendance were found to persist and to be essentially similar in all areas despite there being significant differences between the populations. Sociological differences between cases and controls were largest in the most socially deprived areas, illustrated by an illegitimacy rate of 27 per cent in inner north London. Bottle feeding was only significantly associated with unexpected death when the standard of the home was excellent. Where the homes were poor more cases than controls were breast fed.
Measurement of Slip, Force and Deformation Using Hybrid Tactile Sensor System for Robot Hand Gripping an Object

A hybrid tactile sensor system is proposed for a robot hand to hold and grip an object adaptively as the sensor system measures the slip of an object, the gripping force, and the deformation of its silicon rubber sensor element. A hybrid tactile sensor system consists of a Carbon Micro-Coil (CMC) touch sensor and a force sensor. The CMC sensor element is made of silicon rubber containing CMCs several micrometres in diameter. It is considered that the sensor element constitutes an LCR circuit, and the CMC touch sensor, deformed mechanically, produces signals due to the modification of the circuit. In this study, a dome-shaped CMC sensor element similar to the shape of a human fingertip was used. This paper first examines the characteristics of the CMC sensor in terms of slip detection when the sensor system held and released an object. Next, the characteristics of the CMC element are clarified with respect to the compression force and deformation when the CMC element was compressed vertically. Finally, methods using the hybrid tactile sensor system are developed to detect the slip of an object and estimate the magnitude of deformation of the CMC element.
Two Sulfur Glycoside Compounds Isolated from Lepidium apetalum Willd Protect NRK52e Cells against Hypertonic-Induced Adhesion and Inflammation by Suppressing the MAPK Signaling Pathway and RAAS

Lepidium apetalum Willd has been used to reduce edema and promote urination. Cis-desulfoglucotropaeolin (cis-DG) and trans-desulfoglucotropaeolin (trans-DG) were isolated from Lepidium apetalum Willd, and caused a significant increase in cell viability in a hypertonic model in NRK52e cells. In the hypertonic model, cis-DG and trans-DG significantly promoted the cell viability of NRK52e cells and inhibited the elevation of Na+ in the supernatant, inhibited the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system, significantly reduced the levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone (ALD), and lowered aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and Na+–K+ ATP content in renal medulla. After treatment with cis-DG and trans-DG, expression of calcineurin (CAN) and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) was decreased in renal tissue and Ca2+ influx was inhibited, thereby reducing the secretion of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), reversing the increase in adhesion and inflammatory factor E-selectin and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) induced by high NaCl, while reducing oxidative stress status and decreasing the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2). Furthermore, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) expression also contributed to these improvements. The cis-DG and trans-DG reduced the expression of p-p44/42 MAPK, p-JNK and p-p38, inhibited the phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway in NRN52e cells induced by high salt, decreased the overexpression of p-p38 and p-HSP27, and inhibited the overactivation of the p38-MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting that the p38-MAPK pathway may play a vital role in the hypertonic-induced adhesion and inflammatory response. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the mechanism of cis-DG and trans-DG may mainly be through inhibiting the p38-MAPK signaling pathway, inhibiting the excessive activation of the RAAS system, and thereby reducing adhesion and inflammatory factors.
Regional variations in action potentials and transient outward current in myocytes isolated from rabbit left ventricle.

1. Regional variations in the shape of early repolarization of the action potential have been correlated to differences in transient outward K+ current, I(t), in myocytes isolated from the epicardial surface, the endocardial trabeculae and the papillary muscles of rabbit left ventricles. Temperature was 35 degrees C during whole‐cell, and 22‐23 degrees C during cell‐attached experiments. 2. Membrane resting potentials were very similar regionally. At 0.1 Hz stimulation the action potential plateau amplitude in papillary muscle cells was significantly higher (104.7 mV) than in epicardial cells (96.47 mV). Exposure to 4‐aminopyridine or increases in the rate of stimulation from 0.1 Hz to 3.3 Hz increased plateau height and diminished the initial notch on repolarization. These effects were correlated to the magnitude of I(t) in these cells. At low rates of stimulation I(t) caused a 'spike and dome' morphology of the action potential. 3. Voltage clamp experiments confirmed a higher current density of I(t) in epicardial cells (7.66 pA/pF at +20 mV) than in endocardial (6.45 pA/pF) or papillary muscle cells (3.69 pA/pF). I(t) at 35 degrees C was faster and larger than previously reported and individual currents inactivated almost completely during 100 ms pulses to plateau potentials. No differences in the kinetics or voltage dependence of whole‐cell currents were found. Thus, the half‐inactivation potential was ‐37.8 mV in cells from all three regions. 4. Cell‐attached recordings from endocardial and epicardial cells showed very similar single‐channel amplitudes, burst open probabilities and ensemble averages. The peak channel open probability soon after the start of depolarizing voltage clamp pulses did not change between cell types (P approximately 0.8). The slope conductance of I(t) channels was 13.0 pS with an intercept near the resting potential of the cell. 5. We conclude that regional variations in the shape of initial repolarization in cells from rabbit left ventricle are caused by variations in the magnitude of the transient outward K+ current, I(t). Epicardial cells have the largest, and papillary muscle cells the smallest I(t). The differences are not explained by alterations in the whole‐cell kinetics or single‐channel kinetics and conductance. The most likely explanation for variations in whole‐cell current density is therefore a decrease in channel density in endocardium and papillary muscle compared with epicardial tissue. We estimate the density of I(t) channels per cell to be 1495 (one per 3‐4 micron2) in epicardium, 1175 (one per 4‐5 micron2) in endocardium, and 875 (one per 6 micron2) in papillary muscle cells.
Rough set-aided keyword reduction for text categorization

The volume of electronically stored information increases exponentially as the state of the art progresses. Automated information filtering (IF) and information retrieval (IR) systems are therefore acquiring rapidly increasing prominence. However, such systems sacrifice efficiency to boost effectiveness. Such systems typically have to cope with sets of vectors of many tens of thousands of dimensions. Rough set (RS) theory can be applied to reducing the dimensionality of data used in IF/IR tasks, by providing a measure of the information content of datasets with respect to a given classification. This can aid IF/IR systems that rely on the acquisition of large numbers of term weights or other measures of relevance. This article investigates the applicability of RS theory to the IF/IR application domain and compares this applicability with respect to various existing TC techniques. The ability of the approach to generalize, given a minimum of training data is also addressed. The background of RS theory is presented, with an illustrative example to demonstrate the operation of the RS-based dimensionality reduction. A modular system is proposed which allows the integration of this technique with a large variety of different IF/IR approaches. The example application, categorization of E-mail messages, is described. Systematic experiments and their results are reported and analyzed.
Generalized complex inductance for microstrip radiation problems

The concept of generalized complex inductance for the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) technique is introduced to model microstrip radiation problems. Using the semi-analytical Green's functions for microstrip substrates, the imaginary part of this generalized complex inductance can be shown to represent a frequency-dependent resistance containing information about the losses from spatial radiations (spherical and lateral) and surface waves (cylindrical). Hence, different radiation components can be derived separately, providing a useful and unique feature for representing high-speed/high-frequency microstrip structures and antennas in the network domain.
Effects of age on brain volume and head circumference in autism

Objective To determine whether brain volume, as assessed on MRI scans, differs between individuals with autism and control subjects, and whether such differences are affected by age. Background Previous studies have found increased brain weight, head circumference, and MRI brain volume in children with autism. However, studies of brain size in adults with autism have yielded conflicting results. The authors hypothesize that enlargement of the brain may be a feature of brain development during early childhood in autism that normalizes with maturational processes. Methods The authors measured total brain volumes from 1.5-mm coronal MRI scans in 67 non–mentally retarded children and adults with autism and 83 healthy community volunteers, ranging in age from 8 to 46 years. Head circumference was also measured. Groups did not differ on age, sex, verbal IQ, or socioeconomic status. Results Brain volumes were significantly larger for children with autism 12 years old and younger compared with normally developing children, when controlling for height. Brain volumes for individuals older than age 12 did not differ between the autism and control groups. Head circumference was increased in both younger and older groups of subjects with autism, suggesting that those subjects older than age 12 had increased brain volumes as children. Conclusions Brain development in autism follows an abnormal pattern, with accelerated growth in early life that results in brain enlargement in childhood. Brain volume in adolescents and adults with autism is, however, normal, and appears to be due to a slight decrease in brain volume for these individuals at the same time that normal children are experiencing a slight increase.
New 45-49 year health checks - GP uptake of MBS item 717.

BACKGROUND The Medicare Benefits Schedule item 717 was introduced in November 2006 for health checks among Australians aged 45-49 years. This study examines current data on Medicare item 717 in order to identify trends in general practitioner and patient participation. METHODS Medicare data and division population and GP data was collected quarterly from November 2006 to September 2007. The number of claims and number of GPs claiming one or more item 717 health check were analysed at the division level. Associations based on location, socioeconomic status and ethnicity were sought. RESULTS The health check was claimed for 7.7% of the estimated population aged 45-49 years, with no significant difference by gender. These positively correlated with GP participation rates. Patient participation was higher in divisions with a higher proportion of recent migrants from non-English speaking countries. General practitioner participation increased with rurality, with the exclusion of remote areas. No significant associations were found with socioeconomic status or education. DISCUSSION There has been rapid uptake of the health check item by GPs in divisions with lower ratios of GPs to population, with no evidence of a socioeconomic or gender bias.
Larval nutritional environment determines adult size in Japanese horned beetles Allomyrina dichotoma

The effects of larval nutrition and parental size on offspring horn (male) and body size (male and female) were examined in the Japanese horned beetle Allomyrina dichotoma L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Offspring-parent regressions for both horn size and body size of males show no heritable effect, and the magnitudes of these traits were primarily determined by the larval nutritional condition. Male Allomyrina dichotoma also displayed dimorphic horn size-body size allometry, that is, larger males had longer horns relative to their body size and vice versa. Because it has been suggested that males of different body sizes adopt different reproductive tactics, the dimorphic horn size–body size allometry and male reproductive tactics are also a result of the larval environment. Similarly, female body size was determined by larval nutrition, and, thus, larval condition might influence future female fecundity. Females under low nutrition treatment spent longer duration of the third larval instar than females under high nutrition. Females under poor nutrition treatment probably attempted to be as large as possible by the extent of larval duration. Since horn and/or body sizes of males and females affect their fitness, this suggests the evolution of female choice for better oviposition site.
‘Lipoproteins, glycoxidation and diabetic angiopathy’

The chronic vascular complications of diabetes (nephropathy, retinopathy and accelerated atherosclerosis) are a major cause of morbidity and premature mortality. In spite of the more widespread availability of intensive diabetes management, approximately one in three people with diabetes develop aggressive complications and over 70% die of atherosclerosis‐related diseases. Genetic and acquired factors are likely to be contributory. Potential mediators of vascular damage may include the interrelated processes of lipoprotein abnormalities, glycation, oxidation and endothelial dysfunction. Lipoprotein abnormalities encompass alterations in lipid concentrations, lipoprotein composition and subclass distribution and lipoprotein‐related enzymes. Nonenzymatic glycation and oxidative damage to lipoproteins, other proteins and to vascular structures may also be deleterious. As atherosclerosis is a chronic condition commencing in youth, and because clinical events may be silent in diabetes, surrogate measures of vascular disease are important for early identification of diabetic patients with or at high risk of vascular damage, and for monitoring efficacy of interventions. The increasing array of biochemical assays for markers and mediators of vascular damage, noninvasive measures of vascular health, and therapeutic options should enable a reduction in the excessive personal and economic burden of vascular disease in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Review on Color Normalization and Color Deconvolution Methods in Histopathology

The histopathologists get the benefits of wide range of colored dyes to have much useful information about the lesions and the tissue compositions. Despite its advantages, the staining process comes up with quite complex variations in staining concentrations and correlations, tissue fixation types, and fixation time periods. Together with the improvements in computing power and with the development of novel image analysis methods, these imperfections have led to the emerging of several color normalization algorithms. This article is a review of the currently available digital color normalization methods for the bright field histopathology. We describe the proposed color normalization methodologies in detail together with the lesion and tissue types used in the corresponding experiments. We also present the quantitative validation approaches for each of the proposed methodology where available.