Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Unnecessary Chest X-ray in a Tertiary Center

Acute bronchiolitis is one of the most common respiratory diseases encountered in pediatric clinical practice [1]. Worldwide, it accounts for 2–3% of infant hospitalizations per year, which represent a significant burden for the healthcare system [2]. Viruses are the leading causative organism, in particular, the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) [3]. Lower respiratory tract bronchioles are the principal affected cells with consequent inflammation, excessive secretions, and mucosal edema. The clinical presentations range from a mild self-limited illness to severely troubled breathing requiring medical care [4].
Comparative study of induction in primigravida with prom and those with intact membrane at term

Introduction: Induction of labour is the most common procedures in obstetrics. An elective induction is defined as the direct initiation of labour without a medical or obstetrical reason. Women at term generally present with more favourable cervix. Elective induction at term does not seem to pose an increased risk to the women and to her foetus in carefully selected populations. Material and Methods: Total 200 primigravida cases were studied, were divided into 2 groups, 100 with prelabour rupture of membranes and 100 with intact membrane. elective induction with dinoprostone gel instillation pervaginally/intracervically was done in both the groups with unfavourable cervix and comparative study was done in terms of Mode of delivery, Induction delivery interval, Caesarean section rate and failure of induction, Maternal complications and neonatal outcome. Results: Mean gestational age in group A was 38.37 weeks while in group B was 38.5 weeks. Mean induction delivery interval in group A was 8.61 hours and in group B was 8.71 hours. In group A 52% women had vaginal delivery while 48% women delivered by caesarean section. In group B with intact membranes 72% women delivered by vaginal route while 28% women delivered by LSCS. C-section rate was more in PROM group. Incidence of maternal complications in both the groups differed slightly. In present study APGAR score at 5 min of majority of newborn was more than 8. Conclusion: In conclusion labour induction for PROM at term in nulliparous women with an unfavourable cervix is associated with longer duration of second stage of labour and a higher risk of caesarean delivery for failure to progress in comparison with intact membrane group.
COVID-19 : Providing Rehabilitation Care in the Time of Pandemic

As the fight to treat and contain the infection is being carried out, another set of question emerges: what happens to the infected patients after acute illness? How severe are the long term pulmonary complications? How best can we facilitate physical and functional recovery while protecting the rehabilitation team? For effective rehabilitation, the damage to the pulmonary system needs to be fully understood.
Solidification effects of snowfall on sea-ice freeze-up: results from an onsite experimental study

Abstract Although the effects of snow during sea-ice growth have been investigated for sea ice which is thick enough to accommodate dry snow, those for thin sea ice have not been paid much attention due to the difficulty in observing them. Observations are complicated by the presence of slush and its subsequent freeze-up, and the surface heat budget might be sensitive to the additional ice thickness. An onsite short-term land fast sea-ice freeze-up experiment in the Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan was carried out to examine the effects of snowfall on the structure and surface heat budget of thin sea ice, based on observational results and a 1-D thermodynamic model. We found that snowfall contributes to the solidification of the surface slush layer, contributing ice thickness that is comparable to the snowfall amount and affecting the crystal texture significantly. On the other hand, the basal ice growth rate and turbulent heat flux were not significantly affected, being <3.1 × 10−8 m s−1 and 3 W m−2, respectively. This finding may validate the omission in past studies of snow effect in estimating ice production rates in polynyas and has implications about the reconstruction of growth history from sample analysis.
Abstract A40: Integration of high-throughput drug screening on patient-derived organdies into pediatric precision medicine programs: The future is now!

Background/Objectives: The most promising option to improve outcomes for pediatric cancer patients with relapsed or refractory disease is through mutation-based targeted therapeutic strategies. However, only 50% of these tumors harbor actionable events. Therefore, compound screening on organoids grown from tumor tissue might reveal additional treatment options. Design/Methods: The Dutch Childhood Oncology Group-individualized Therapies (DCOG-iTHER) clinical trial in collaboration with INFORM consists of whole-exome sequencing (WES), low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (WGS), RNA profiling using RNAseq and Affymetrix microarrays, and a methylation array. Data are analyzed using the Dutch R2 bioinformatic platform. In addition, tumor-derived organoids are cultured profiled through the same pipeline. Semi-high-throughput screening of a 170-compound library is performed, and effect on cell viability using the CellTiter-Glo® 3D cell viability assay is assessed. Results: To date, 133 patients with relapsed/refractory pediatric malignancies have been enrolled and analysis has been completed in 80 study subjects. In 47 patients, a total of 128 molecular targets were identified and 29 patients harbored an actionable event with priority score ≥ moderate (46%). In 14% a matched targeted therapy was initiated, and one-third of these patients achieved complete remission. In addition, tumor organoids have been cultured of neuroblastoma tumors and molecular profiling was performed to confirm they reflect the patient’s tumor biology. High-throughput drug screen confirmed existing molecular targets such as ALK and c-kit and in addition revealed increased compound sensitivity to drugs not previously found through sequencing. Conclusions: Our proof of concept of patient-specific drug testing on tumor organoids within our pediatric precision medicine program might reveal additional treatment options for children who currently have none. Clinical benefit will be evaluated in our upcoming clinical trial iTHER 2.0. Citation Format: Karin Langenberg, Emmy Dolman, Jan Molenaar. Integration of high-throughput drug screening on patient-derived organdies into pediatric precision medicine programs: The future is now! [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr A40.
Urban function recognition by integrating social media and street-level imagery

Recognizing urban functions is crucial for understanding urban spatial structures and urban planning. Previous work has investigated urban functions based on human activities that were derived from mobile phone positioning data, check-in data, taxi data, etc. However, urban functions can only be comprehensively sensed from both human activities and the physical environment together. To do so, a deep learning method was proposed to predict urban functions by integrating social media data and street-level imagery. The verbs extracted from social media posts were taken as the proxy for human activities, and we identified urban physical environmental information from street-level imagery. Then urban functions were uncovered from both the verbs in terms of human activities and street-level imagery from the perspective of the physical environment. Twelve types of urban function were recognized by verbs in social media posts, which were then improved by integrating street-level imagery within the 5th Ring Road of Beijing, China. The experiment demonstrated that verbs as direct proxies for human activities can avoid noise, and the multi-source data integration eliminated biases caused by a single data source. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of urban structure and dynamics for urban management and planning.
Packet Preprocessing in CNN-Based Network Intrusion Detection System

The proliferation of various connected platforms, including Internet of things, industrial control systems (ICSs), connected cars, and in-vehicle networks, has resulted in the simultaneous use of multiple protocols and devices. Chaotic situations caused by the usage of different protocols and various types of devices, such as heterogeneous networks, implemented differently by vendors renders the adoption of a flexible security solution difficult, such as recent deep learning-based intrusion detection system (IDS) studies. These studies optimized the deep learning model for their environment to improve performance, but the basic principle of the deep learning model used was not changed, so this can be called a next-generation IDS with a model that has little or no requirements. Some studies proposed IDS based on unsupervised learning technology that does not require labeled data. However, not using available assets, such as network packet data, is a waste of resources. If the security solution considers the role and importance of the devices constituting the network and the security area of the protocol standard by experts, the assets can be well used, but it will no longer be flexible. Most deep learning model-based IDS studies used recurrent neural network (RNN), which is a supervised learning model, because the characteristics of the RNN model, especially when the long-short term memory (LSTM) is incorporated, are better configured to reflect the flow of the packet data stream over time, and thus perform better than other supervised learning models such as convolutional neural network (CNN). However, if the input data induce the CNN’s kernel to sufficiently reflect the network characteristics through proper preprocessing, it could perform better than other deep learning models in the network IDS. Hence, we propose the first preprocessing method, called “direct”, for network IDS that can use the characteristics of the kernel by using the minimum protocol information, field size, and offset. In addition to direct, we propose two more preprocessing techniques called “weighted” and “compressed”. Each requires additional network information; therefore, direct conversion was compared with related studies. Including direct, the proposed preprocessing methods are based on field-to-pixel philosophy, which can reflect the advantages of CNN by extracting the convolutional features of each pixel. Direct is the most intuitive method of applying field-to-pixel conversion to reflect an image’s convolutional characteristics in the CNN. Weighted and compressed are conversion methods used to evaluate the direct method. Consequently, the IDS constructed using a CNN with the proposed direct preprocessing method demonstrated meaningful performance in the NSL-KDD dataset.
Data-driven damage identification technique for steel truss railroad bridges utilizing principal component analysis of strain response

Abstract Railway bridges are a critical part of the railway infrastructure system and the majority of these bridges are approaching their expected design lifespan. These bridges need to be maintained effectively. This article proposes a damage detection framework for truss railway bridges based on operational strain responses. The method relies on principal component analysis (PCA) of strain responses of the truss bridge. Strain time-history responses under baseline and damaged bridge conditions are used to compute the principal components which are then ranked based on their corresponding eigenvectors. The results are demonstrated in terms of damage indicators which is obtained by comparing the geometric distance of coordinates of the principal component space between the baseline and damaged bridge condition. The method is numerically verified through a finite element model of a truss railroad bridge with added artificial noise. It is shown that the proposed method could identify, locate and relatively assess the severity of the damage induced by stiffness change (at least 20% to as low as 10%, depending on operational variability and measurement noise level) in instrumented truss elements. This method can be useful in assisting the existing bridge maintenance techniques and formulating an effective structural health monitoring framework.
Arsenic in Latin America: New findings on source, mobilization and mobility in human environments in 20 countries based on decadal research 2010-2020

Abstract Today (year 2020), the globally recognized problem of arsenic (As) contamination of water resources and other environments at toxic levels has been reported in all of the 20 Latin American countries. The present review indicates that As is prevalent in 200 areas across these countries. Arsenic is naturally released into the environment and mobilized from geogenic sources comprising: (i) volcanic rocks and emissions, the latter being transported over thousands of kilometers from the source, (ii) metallic mineral deposits, which get exposed to human beings and livestock through drinking water or food chain, and (iii) As-rich geothermal fluids ascending from deep geothermal reservoirs contaminate freshwater sources. The challenge for mitigation is increased manifold by mining and related activities, as As from mining sites is transported by rivers over long distances and even reaches and contaminates coastal environments. The recognition of the As problem by the authorities in several countries has led to various actions for remediation, but there is a lack of long-term strategies for such interventions. Often only total As concentration is reported, while data on As sources, mobilization, speciation, mobility and pathways are lacking which is imperative for assessing quality of any water source, i.e. public and private. Graphical abstract
Registro de termitas (Isoptera) asociadas a cultivos de mango (Mangifera indica) en el departamento del Magdalena, Colombia

espanolLas termitas (Isoptera) son insectos sociales que ocasionan danos en muchos cultivos de interes economico. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia del cultivo de mango en la economia de los agricultores del departamento del Magdalena y la expansion de este cultivo en la region, se realizo un inventario inicial de las especies de termitas presentes. Se realizaron muestreos en 22 huertos ubicados en las diferentes zonas productoras del departamento del Magdalena. Se realizo una recoleccion manual de los especimenes de termitas en cada zona y se determinaron dos familias: Rhinotermitidae, con un genero ( Heterotermes ), y Termitidae, con dos generos ( Microcerotermes y Nasutitermes ). Se identificaron cuatro morfoespecies, dentro de las cuales Nasutitermes sp. presento la mayor abundancia y una amplia distribucion en el area de estudio, seguida de N. nigriceps (Haldeman), Microcerotermes sp. y Heterotermes tenuis. Se requieren nuevas observaciones en campo y laboratorio que permitan determinar los factores que afectan en la distribucion e incidencia de las especies de termitas en el departamento y un analisis sobre su impacto economico en el cultivo EnglishTermites (Isoptera) are social insects that cause damage to many crops of economic interest. Given the importance of mango crops in the economy of the farmers in the department of Magdalena and the growth of this crop in the region, a preliminary termites inventory was carried out. Samplings were taken in 22 orchards located in the different producing areas of the department of Magdalena. Manual collections of termite specimens were made in each area and two families were determined: Rhinotermitidae, with one genus (Heterotermes), and Termitidae, with two genera (Microcerotermes y Nasutitermes). Four morphospecies were identified. Nasutitermes sp. was the most frequent in the sampled orchards, followed by N. nigriceps, Microcerotermes sp. and Heterotermes tenuis. New field and laboratory observations aimed at determining the factors affecting the distribution and incidence of termite species in the department and an analysis of their economic impact on the crop are required.
Perceptions of teachers on the instructional leadership behaviours of secondary school principals in Rwanda

This article draws on data collected from a wider PhD study conducted in the Nyamagabe district of Rwanda in 2017. The main purpose of that study was to identify instructional leadership behaviours enacted by secondary school principals, and investigate the extent to which these behaviours influence professional practices of teachers. This article focuses only on identifying instructional leadership behaviours of school principals from the perceptions of the teachers in the district using the survey questionnaires. Data collected were analysed using SPSS software and means and standard deviations were computed to determine the extent to which school principals enacted instructional leadership behaviours. The findings suggest that, as perceived by the teachers, principals to a large extent do engage in instructional leadership behaviours in their schools. These behaviours included supervising instruction, providing feedback and discussing this feedback with teachers. It was observed that defining and communicating shared goals, promoting teacher professional development, providing teaching and learning resources and reviewing curricula were also enacted. Teachers ranked their principals as moderately enacting instructional leadership behaviours. Although these findings are not generalisable across the country, they can serve as a roadmap for school principals and policy makers to improve instructional leadership in Rwandan secondary schools.
Long-Run Returns to Field of Study in Secondary School

This paper studies whether specialized academic fields of study in secondary school, which are common in many countries, affect earnings as an adult. Identification is challenging, because it requires not just quasi-random variation into fields of study, but also an accounting of individuals' next-best alternatives. Our setting is Sweden, where at the end of ninth grade students rank fields of study and admissions to oversubscribed fields is determined based on a student's GPA. We use a regression discontinuity design which allows for different labor market returns for each combination of preferred versus next-best choice, together with nationwide register data for school cohorts from 1977-1991 linked to their earnings as adults. Our analysis yields four main findings. First, Engineering, Natural Science, and Business yield higher earnings relative to most second-best choices, while Social Science and Humanities result in sizable drops, even relative to non-academic vocational programs. Second, the return to completing a field varies substantially as a function of a student's next-best alternative. The magnitudes are often as large as estimates of the return to two years of additional education. Third, the pattern of returns for individuals with different first and second best choices is consistent with comparative advantage for many field choice combinations, while others exhibit either random sorting or comparative disadvantage. Fourth, most of the differences in adult earnings can be attributed to differences in college major and occupation. Taken together, these results highlight that the field choices students make at age 16, when they may have limited information about their skills and the labor market, have effects which last into adulthood.
In Silico Characterization of a Cyclin Dependent Kinase -A (CDKA) and its Coding Gene in some Oryza Species

يعد الأرز طعاما أساسيا لمعظم سكان العالم. تساهم بروتينات الفسفرة المعتمدة على السيكلين من المجموعة (CDKA) A فى الإنتقال عبر المراحل المختلفة لدورة الخلية و كذلك تساهم فى تخليق الأمشاج. و قد هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى توصيف أحد هذه البروتينات و الجين المسئول عنها فى ,O. glumipatula ,O. barthii ,O. glaberrima ,O. sativa Indica Group O. nivara ,O. brachyantha O. punctata ,O. longistaminata ,O. meridionalis و O. rufipogonبإستخدام التقنيات الحاسوبية. كشفت النتائج إختلافات فى بعض تتابعات الأحماض الأمينية التى تنظم عمل البروتين محل الدراسة فى كلا من O. longistaminata و O. brachyantha و ذلك مقارنة بالبروتين ذاته فى باقى الأنواع. إفتقد البروتين محل الدراسة فى O. longistaminata أحد تتابعات الأحماض الأمينية المسئولة عن تثبيط عمل البروتين كما لوحظ إختلاف فى تتابع الأحماض الأمينية المسئولة عن الإرتباط بالسيكلين (PSTAICE بدلا منPSTAIRE ) مما قد يسفر عن توصيف لمجموعة فرعية جديدة متفردة من هذه البروتينات. فى O. brachyanth تم تسجيل إختلاف فى تتابع الأحماض الأمينية بالموضع المسئول عن النشاط المرتبط بلسيكلين. توصى الدراسة بالأستفادة من الإختلافات سابقة الذكر فى التحكم فى الإنقسام الخلوى و النمو فى الأنواع المزروعة من جنس Oryza بإستخدام طرق التربية التقليدية او الطرائق الجزيئية.
Teachers' Readiness in Inserting the 21st Century Skills in the Lesson Plan in Teaching English

The 21-century learning outcomes are essential to be achieved by the students nowadays. A lesson plan is one of the mediums used to insert the skills of the 21 century, which needed to be improved by the students. This study examined English teachers’ readiness in inserting the 21-century skills in planning the lesson in the city area and suburb area of Badung Regency. This study belonged to a case study and was conducted using a sequential embedded mixed-method, in which mixed the quantitative results with qualitative results to get more valid data. A questionnaire consisted of 17 items used to know the readiness of English teachers, combined with the results on document analysis. Based on the results of the investigation, it showed inconsistent answers of English teachers in the city area and suburb area based on the results on questionnaire and document analysis. English teachers perceived they were ready to insert the 21-century skills but, based on results on document analysis, it showed English teachers mostly added learning and innovation skills and information, media, and technology skills in the lesson plan. It is suggested English teachers should be more ready by looking up at the standardization of the 21-century education then combined it with attending seminars on related topics about the implementation of the 21-century skills.
Original Interprofessional Simulations to Train Students in CSD and Related Health Professions in Team-Based Health Care

Students in health professions receive extensive training across the scope of practice within their profession; however, most lack experience in performing clinical functions as a member of a coordinated health care team. We describe outcomes of a quasi-experimental study that used simulations to target interprofessional practice competencies. Simulations incorporated clinical knowledge from five professions, and used standardized patients to provide students with a low-stakes opportunity to apply knowledge and skills. Students observed one simulation and participated in another. Post-simulation quantitative and qualitative data were collected by having students, faculty, and standardized patients rate collaboration and decision-making skills for each interprofessional team. Results indicate differences in ratings based on simulation round and rater group. Findings highlight the need for focused training in the use of clear and empathic communication by interprofessional teams. Results also demonstrate the value of feedback from standardized patients who can provide important perspectives regarding the quality of clinical interactions.