Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvising the Infrastructure as a Service Cloud

The main benefit of IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service clouds) is facilitate the users to retrieve their resources on demand. But, to afford on-demand access, cloud centers must either drastically abundance their infrastructure (and pay a high price for operating resources with low utilization) or reject a large proportion of user requests (in which case the access is no longer on-demand). Several models, applications and workflows are implemented for recovering the resources where interruptions in service are predictable. For instance, many researchers and scientists utilize HTC (High Throughput Computing) enabled resources, such as Condor, where jobs are dispatched to available resources and terminated when the resource is no longer available. AS a solution we propose a special infrastructure for the cloud centers that overlaps on-demand allocation of resources with opportunistic provisioning of cycles from inactive cloud nodes to other processes by installing backfill Virtual Machines (VMs). For manifestation and tentative evaluation, we extend the Nimbus cloud computing toolkit to deploy backfill VMs on idle cloud nodes for dispensation an HTC workload. We exhibit that a mutual infrastructure amid IaaS cloud providers and an HTC job supervision system can be highly beneficial to both the IaaS cloud provider and HTC users by increasing the consumption of the cloud infrastructure and contributing cycles that would otherwise be idle to processing HTC jobs.
A Portfolio Theory of International Capital Flows

Recent global imbalances and large gross external financial movements have raised interest in modeling the relationship between international financial market structure and capital flows. This paper constructs a model in which the composition of national portfolios is an essential element in facilitating international capital flows. Each country chooses an optimal portfolio in face of real and nominal risk. Current account deficits are financed by net capital flows which reflect differential movements in the holdings of gross external assets and liabilities. A country experiencing a current account deficit will be accumulating both gross external liabilities and gross external assets. Net capital flows generate movements in risk premiums such that the rate of return on a debtor country's gross liabilities is lower than the return on its gross assets. This ensures stability of the world wealth distribution. An attractive feature of the model is that portfolio shares, returns, and the wealth distribution can be characterized analytically. A calibrated version of the model can match quite well the observed measures of gross and net external assets and liabilities for the US economy.
TED-AJ03-582 NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TURBULENT THERMAL MIXING IN A T-JUNCTION FLOW

Thermal fatigue of the structure around a T-junction is a technically important issue for the safety of nuclear power plants. The cause for this is related to mixing of hot and cold fluids, though detailed mechanisms and effects of various parameters on those are still unclear. In the present study, direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experiments of flow in two square ducts connected via a T-junction, as shown in Fig. A1, are carried out. The Reynolds number of the main stream based on the bulk mean inlet velocity and the hydraulic diameter is about 4485. The hydraulic diameter of the branch duct is a half of that of the main duct. The velocity ratio of the branch jet to the main stream, V r , is 2. Due to computational cost, a lower Prandtl number (Pr=0.71) is used in DNS as compared to those in experiments (Pr=2.6~8.8). Five different Richardson numbers (Ri=gaDTd/U b1 =0, ±0.93, ±9.3; +: stable, -: unstable) are examined to investigate effects of buoyancy on the turbulent velocity and temperature fields, especially on temperature fluctuations on the walls. Three types of grid systems are used to investigate dependency on the mesh size and the domain size. Nine corresponding cases of experiments are carried out in order to obtain verification data for DNS. Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) and thermocouples are used to measure velocity and temperature, respectively. Mean and RMS velocities in the main-flow and vertical directions and temperature from the simulation with the fine grid system agree quantitatively well with the experiments in the neutral case. Flow visualization reveals that the skewed temperature fluctuations on the duct walls are caused by various kinds of large-scale coherent structures near the T-junction, such as a groove on the branch jet, upper and lower kidney vortices, separation in the branch duct and roll-ups shed from the leading and trailing edges of the duct. The buoyancy dramatically alters the mean velocity and temperature distribution in the strongly stable/unstable case (Ri=±9.3), whilst its effects are localized at Ri=±0.93. As shown in Fig. A2, the magnitude of temperature fluctuations downstream on the bottom wall is the largest in the case without buoyancy. The reason is found to be as follows. In the stable cases, relatively small penetration rates of the branch jet to the bottom wall lead to stratification. In the unstable cases, the condition changes into a stable state near the bottom wall once the cold fluid from the branch jet goes under the hot main stream. Those stabilizing mechanisms are missing in the neutral case.
Tension Wood Formation Following Release of Upland Oak Advance Reproduction

Stem straightening and tension wood formation in advance red oak and white oak reproduction were studied. Saplings straightened either as a result of a lateral branch assuming dominance or by a reorientation of the leaning stem. Tension wood fibers were greater on the upper side than on the lower side of straightening stems. The greatest concentrations of tension wood fibers were in or above the stem region in which straightening took place. Tension wood fiber formation began immediately following release and continued at an increasing rate for the period studied. The ratio of upper increment width to lower increment width was greater in the zone of maximum straightening and several years after straightening had begun.
Agricultural intensification, biological pest control and spatio-temporal changes in food web structure

Agricultural intensification (AI) is a major driver of losses in agrobiodiversity and associated ecosystem functions such as biological control, thereby indirectly affecting agricultural production. AI may influence community structure, composition and variability in both space and time, by differently affecting species with different traits. Species at higher trophic levels, with higher specialization and lower dispersal abilities, are expected to be more vulnerable to AI and have high spatio-temporal population and food-web dynamic. Hence, understanding patterns of agrobiodiversity and their associated trophic interactions, as well as species turnover due to AI, requires a focus on the spatio-temporal changes in communities belonging to different feeding guilds and trophic levels. The aim of this study is to address these patterns in agrobiodiversity and to investigate their relation to biological-control functioning in different land-use systems. This work is part of the AGRIPOPES project (http://agripopes.net) and comprises three field studies, carried out in the surroundings of Gottingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.We found that landscape complexity may foster higher parasitism rates, but simpler food webs, thereby casting doubt on the general importance of food web complexity for ecosystem functioning. Homogenized landscapes due to AI can support diverse, although highly variable parasitoid communities, but ecosystem functioning might not be easily predictable from observed changes in community structure and composition. Community structure and ecosystem functioning appear to be differently influenced by AI, changing differently over time and among trophic levels. Furthermore, we found that AI can have contrasting effects on the community variability of specialist and low-dispersive parasitoids vs. generalist and high-dispersive predators, which may demonstrate their different vulnerability to changing environments. Hence, landscape homogenization due to AI does not necessarily homogenize communities, whose response may depend on species traits. We suggest that effects of AI on agrobiodiversity and biological control should be assessed with a multi-species, multi-trophic and multi-scale approach, while taking into account different biodiversity measures.
Magnified Damping under Rashba Spin Orbit Coupling

The spin orbit coupling spin torque consists of the field-like [REF: S.G. Tan et al., arXiv:0705.3502, (2007). ] and the damping-like terms [REF: H. Kurebayashi et al., Nature Nanotechnology 9, 211 (2014). ] that have been widely studied for applications in magnetic memory. We focus, in this article, not on the spin orbit effect producing the above spin torques, but on its magnifying the damping constant of all field like spin torques. As first order precession leads to second order damping, the Rashba constant is naturally co-opted, producing a magnified field-like damping effect. The Landau-Liftshitz-Gilbert equations are written separately for the local magnetization and the itinerant spin, allowing the progression of magnetization to be self-consistently locked to the spin.
Evaluation of expected and perceived of quality of service with the SERVQUAL scale: The case of a private physical therapy and rehabilitation center

Purpose: Quality of service is one of the important factors that influence the success of enterprises operating in the health sector. Besides enterprises providing products, the enterprises providing services are also affected by competition in today’s world, in which competition increases rapidly and competition conditions become more difficult every day. Therefore, it can be said that increasing quality of service is one of the ways of gaining a strategic competitive advantage. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on patients receiving service from a private physical therapy and rehabilitation centre located Ankara, Turkey. The SERVQUAL scale, which measures quality of service, was used in the study. An attempt was made to evaluate the quality of the service provided by the private physical therapy and rehabilitation center based on the expectations of the center’s customers. The research sample consisted of 122 patients receiving services at Kuantum Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center. Results: The obtained results indicated that in private physical therapy and rehabilitation center, physical appearance represents an important dimension of the quality of service. Although the patients received higher quality service in terms of this dimension than they expected, the expectations of the patients related to the sensitivity of dimension were not satisfied. Conclusion: The study also showed that sociodemographic characteristics such as level of income and level of education, reasons for choosing the private physical therapy and rehabilitation center and the patients’ pretreatment and posttreatment daily lives are influence the perceived quality of service and each dimension of quality.
Old-Aged, Adolescent and Pregnant Women in Eastern Nepal are more prone to Sub-Clinical Hypothyroidism: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Study

Mild thyroid failure or sub-clinical hypothyroidism is a common problem without known thyroid disease. The disorder is more prevalent in women and generality increases with age. In women at reproductive age, sub-clinical hypothyroidism is more common among infertile subjects compared to general population. Miscarriage rates are higher in females having sub-clinical hypothyroidism with TSH levels > 4 mIU/L. Diagnosis of sub-clinical hypothyroidism is thus necessary in these subjects. In eastern part of Nepal, the prevalence of sub-clinical hypothyroidism is approximately 20 %. However, in spite of the predominance, generality of sub-clinical hypothyroidism among adult women was still unknown at this place. Thus we investigated sub-clinical hypothyroidism prevalence in old-aged, adolescent and pregnant women at the same location. Our data demonstrate that aforesaid females exhibit 10.7 % generality. Further 79 % subordinates among affected individuals were under reproductive age (< 45 years). Hence our study reflects the concern to care thyroid problems in this locality.
Hydroxyl radicals from secondary organic aerosol decomposition in water

Abstract. We found that ambient and laboratory-generated secondary organic aerosols (SOA) form substantial amounts of OH radicals upon interaction with liquid water, which can be explained by the decomposition of organic hydroperoxides. The molar OH yield from SOA formed by ozonolysis of terpenes (α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene) is ∼ 0.1 % upon extraction with pure water and increases to ∼ 1.5 % in the presence of Fe2+ ions due to Fenton-like reactions. Upon extraction of SOA samples from OH photooxidation of isoprene, we also detected OH yields of around ∼ 0.1 %, which increases upon addition of Fe2+. Our findings imply that the chemical reactivity and aging of SOA particles is strongly enhanced upon interaction with water and iron. In cloud droplets under dark conditions, SOA decomposition can compete with the classical H2O2 Fenton reaction as the source of OH radicals. Also in the human respiratory tract, the inhalation and deposition of SOA particles may lead to a substantial release of OH radicals, which may contribute to oxidative stress and play an important role in the adverse health effects of atmospheric aerosols.
Sharpening Intertemporal Prospect Theory

Prospect theory [4] of risky choices has been extended to encompass intertemporal choices [6]. Presentation of intertemporal prospect theory suffers from minor mistakes, however [2]. To clarify the theory we restate it and show further mistakes in current presentations ([6], [2]) of value and discount functions.
Effect of Non-Idealities on the Design and Performance of a DC-DC Buck Converter

In this study, the performance of a direct current (DC)–DC buck converter is analyzed in the presence of non-idealities in passive components and semiconductor devices. The effect of these non-idealities on the various design issues of a DC–DC buck converter is studied. An improved expression for duty cycle is developed to compensate the losses that occur because of the non-idealities. The design equations for inductor and capacitor calculation are modified based on this improved expression. The effect of the variation in capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) on output voltage ripple (OVR) is analyzed in detail. It is observed that the value of required capacitance increases with ESR. However, beyond a maximum value of ESR (r c,max ), the capacitor is unable to maintain OVR within a specified limit. The expression of r c,max is derived in terms of specified OVR and inductor current ripple. Finally, these theoretical studies are validated through MATLAB simulation and experimental results.
Surgical Results in Advanced Retinopathy of Prematurity

Objectives: To study the surgical outcomes in advanced stages of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a tertiary eye center in North India. Methods: In a retrospective study, we studied 50 operated eyes of 40 children with advanced ROP (stages 4-5). Scleral buckling was done for stage 4A (five eyes) and stage 4B (six eyes), while vitreoretinal surgery was done for stage 5 (39 eyes) ROP. The surgical results in terms of anatomical success were analyzed. Results: The retina could be reattached in all the five cases of stage 4A following scleral buckling. Anatomical success, as defined by an attached posterior pole after surgery, was seen, at 6 months, in three eyes of stage 4B (50%) and 15 eyes of stage 5 (38.5%). Conclusions: Surgical and visual results are poor following surgery in advanced ROP, especially stage 5. It is essential to promote awareness of ROP, establish effective screening programs and develop more vitreoretinal setups in India to manage such cases.
Untangling the Greenhouse Gas Emission – Output Dilemma in the Livestock Sector: A Group Efficiency Perspective

Future human well-being is inextricably linked to adequate food provision. As the global demand for food will rise until at least 2050, the necessity of growing food supply will become progressively imperative. The problem of climatic change complicates this food supply challenge, as agricultural production is a significant source of greenhouse gases. One should thus improve global agricultural production while taking into account its harmful effects on the environment. Agronomists and biologists, on the one hand, and economists, on the other hand, have studied this problem from the perspective of the technological possibilities of the individual farm. For agronomists and biologists, this translates into the development of new efficient technologies. For economists, this implies the comparison of the performance of farm to a hypothetical best practice benchmark. Our research intends to shift the perspective from the individual farm level to the group level and allowing for reallocation possibilities of inputs between farms. We econometrically estimate the relationship between the European livestock output and the current European greenhouse gas emissions if there is (no) improvement of technical efficiency and reallocation of inputs is (in)feasible. Our results suggest that reallocation of production factors may increase output by 15-42%.
A Study on Network partition Detection Relevant to Ad-hoc Networks: Connectivity Index Approach

†† ††† , Summary The issue of network partitioning is an important aspect of any network design and its study is more relevant to mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). MANETs are highly vulnerable to network partition due to the dynamic change in the topology. Very often the network will partition and remerge, affecting the performance of routing protocols. This paper introduces the application of Connectivity Index (CI) concept to detect the partition (having two clusters) of MANET.
Reconstructing reality: Strategies for sideband deconvolution

We present a study aimed at optimizing the observing strategy for double-sideband molecular line surveys, in order to achieve, for this kind of data, the best possible single-sideband reconstruction. The work is based on simulations of the acquisition of spectral line surveys with the HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory, but our results can be applied to the general case. The reconstruction of the simulated data is obtained through the Maximum Entropy Method. The main factors responsible for degrading the quality of the reconstruction are taken into account: high rms noise in the data, pointing errors (particularly in the presence of intrinsic chemical structure in the source) and sideband imbalances. The presented results will allow the users of the new powerful submillimeter and THz telescopes, such as APEX, ALMA and Herschel, to make the most efficient use of their instruments for line survey work.
The Human Resource Mangement Function in Ethiopia: Focus on Civil Service in Southern Regional Government (SNNPRG)

Unlike the derge regime, the current ruling party EPRDF devolves its power to the federal and regional government. In the same line, each regional government also formally devolve adequate decision-making power to lower administrations level. This aims at promoting decentralisation and getting the people together. Consequently, each regional government level has among other things, the right to use its public administration, recruit, transfer and promote. This research attempts to assess the implementation of HRM functions in SNNPRG under a decentralised context in Ethiopia using questionnaires collected from five sectors and secondary official HRM documents of the region. The finding reveals, better performance of HRM practice compared to centralised administrative system. However, promotion, performance assessment and reward system are not performed well as there are some indications from the findings. Moreover, to some extent the current wage structure and the minimum requirement criteria set by CSA hinder sectors effort to attract the best candidates. Similarly, selection often distorted by interference. The study also depicts the need for additional training, as the performance at the zone and woreda level is not satisfactory. Besides, in some instance, lack of equal access for training and need assessment is also improper. The execution of ROPA also shows that the need to make the working environment more conducive. Like wise, in some sectors, the uniform salary scale the country follows does not attract various professionals and hence not fully improve service delivery. Finally, the support of CSA to the sector bureaus is minimal. Despite the above stated problems in the region, there is a positive link between decentralisation and HRM as it gives each level of government to exercise their power in making decision on HRM issues with out waiting another decision maker. Moreover, conducting training, creating strong link between performance and reward, making the performance assessment system more open and carrying out continuous follow up should make the decentralisation process more sustainable. Relevance to Development Studies: Effective HRM and HRD is a corner stone for institution building in the public sector, which in turn has an impact on the development performance of the country in general, and the region in particular. As the finding shows, in the regional government there is a positive relation ship between HRM and decentralisation. However, some of the function for instance, promotion, performance assessment and reward implementation is sluggish. Similarly, Linkage between reward and performance is loose, training is inadequate and access is uneven. Related to this, in some sectors the homogenous salary structure does not allow them to attract the best candidates. Therefore, this research helps the writer to identify the gaps in the regional government and to make recommendations for the way forward.
Organizational communication and innovation in micro and small companies: a study on the application of the Innovation Radar

This paper is a study on corporate communication and the ability to innovate in small businesses. The guiding question seeks to respond whether organizational communication is able to make progress and / or support innovation in micro and small companies, and the main objective is to analyze the relationship between innovation and organizational communication. It was applied the case study method and document research for interpreting a diagnosis instru- ment called “Innovation Radar” in a small business company located in the countryside of Sao Paulo state. The diagnosis is made based on assessment dimensions aimed at checking the maturity and the degree of innovation in micro and small companies. By evaluating these di- mensions it was possible to build analytical frameworks and highlight the influence of corporate communication in promoting innovation. The results indicate that every dimension of the “In- novation Radar” can improve their performance by means of corporate communication.
Low Complexity LSD Scheme for Joint Iterative MIMO Detection

논문에서는 부호화된 MIMO 시스템에서 연판정 반복 검출 방식과 결합하여 효율적으로 사용될 수 있는 복잡도가 감소된 리스트 구 복호 (list sphere decoding; LSD) 방식을 제안한다. 기존의 LSD 방식은 고정된 값의 반지름을 이용하여 후보 신호들을 검색하였다. 그러나, 정해진 수 만큼의 후보 리스트들이 모두 채워지면, 이들에 대한 최대 또는 평균 반지름은 줄어들 가능성이 매우 크다. 반지름을 줄이게 되면 복잡도 또한 줄일 수 있게 된다. 본 논문에서는 LSD 기반의 MIMO 검출 시스템에서 효율적으로 사용될 수 있는 매우 간단한 반지름 갱신 방식 및 이를 이용한 연판정 반복 MIMO 검출 기법을 제안한다. 또한 터보 부호를 이용하여, 연판정 입출력을 이용하는 반복 MIMO 검출 방식에 대한 성능 평가 결과를 제시한다. 본 논문에서 제시된 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, 제안된 방식은 기존의 LSD 방식을 사용하는 것에 비해 거의 유사한 비트오류율 성능을 유지하면서도 복잡도를 크게 감소시킬 수 있다.