Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-tumor Activity of Brucine on Mice with Transplanted Tumor

AIM:To evaluate the effects of Brucine on restraining transplanted tumor growth,prolonging the mice survival time,and to examine its influence on immune organ index in mice transplanted with tumor cells.METHOD: ICR male mice of tumor model was made by inoculating with tumor cells(S_(180)、EAC、Heps). Anti-tumor activity of brucine was evaluated by tumor inhibitory ratio and life prolonging rate of mice transplanted with tumor.RESULT: Brucine had significant restraining effect on transplanted tumor growth of mice.All the inhibitory rate of brucine on Heps and S_(180) are higher than 30% in the dosage from 1.61 mg·kg~(-1) to 6.46 mg·kg~(-1) in vivo.It could enhance the weight and index of immune organ.However,it had no obvious effect on prolonging the life of mice with transplanted tumor(EAC、Heps). CONCLUSION: Brucine could inhibit the growth of transplanted solid tumor in mice,and it might be developed into a promising anticancer drug through further study.
Environment for the Information Age" EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF MASS OPEN ONLINE COURSES AS MODERN INFOCOMMUNICATION TRAINING TECHNOLOGIES

The authors endeavor to carry out a scientific understanding of the process of creating mass open online courses, importance, richness and diversity of which are undoubtedly valuable for modern educational practice. The relevance of the use of MOOCs as new information and communication technologies requires the analysis of their pedagogical potential, educational, cognitive and educational role in the modern learning/teaching process, as well as methods and techniques of the teacher with students. The article reveals the main approaches to the content of MOOCs and formation of a humanistic educational environment in the process of their creation. The use of methods of theoretical analysis of philosophical, socio-political, pedagogical, socio-cultural, geopolitical, historical, psychological literature on this problem in combination with scientific, interpretative analysis of pedagogical knowledge leads to conclusions about the progressiveness of MOOCs, the effectiveness of their use in the educational process, the expansion of freedom of choice in the learning process. The advantages of MOOCs as a distance educational model are highlighted. They include accessibility and openness, technological effectiveness, modularity, flexibility, ability to transmit visual, audio, text, graphic and dynamic information over distances. It is shown that the educational value of MOOCs consists in the possibility of access to various sources of information, interactivity, rapid feedback "trainee – teacher", to stimulate the independence of students. The authors argue that MOOCs as modern information and communication technologies contribute to the development of the education system in a society where the priority is the educational needs of each individual.
The influence of sickness absence of elementary school students on the effectiveness of absence monitoring of infectious disease surveillance system in rural area in Jiangxi

Objective To understand the correlation between the occurrence of common infectious diseases and sickness absence of elementary school students,and to evaluate the efficiency of school surveillance system for sickness absence,in order to provide strategy and recommendation for the improvement of the system. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 445 parents or guardians of primary school students randomly selected by multistage sampling method from rural areas of Jiangxi.The risk of sickness absence was served as an index. Results The risk of most common infectious disease absence was 0.7with the risk of common cold of 0.35,which was gradually going down among students from county,township and village schools.The risk for respiratory symptoms was 0.3,which was doubled for gastrointestinal symptoms.About 74.7% of the students who had a history of sickness during the most recent three months were absent from school for one day or less.Majority(68%)of parents claimed of seriously following the school rule of quarantine the students with infectious diseases,only 20.1% of parents rejected the idea of students still attending school while being sick.More than half of parents(61.1%)reported of bringing their sick children to hospital after school.Conclusions The effectiveness of school surveillance system for sickness absence is influenced by both doctor visit pattern of pupils and attitude of parents toward absence.In order to improve the system performance,students and parents should be well aware of infectious diseases,strict quarantine policy should be followed and students who still attend school with sickness need to be monitored.
The critical construction of geolocational life

This dissertation is an analysis of the widespread adoption of locative digital media in urban space. Building upon prior phenomenological theories of mobile interfaces and critical theories of technology, I provide an account of the micropolitics of locative media, using locational literacy as a key concept for articulating a renewed, and politically and ethically empowered understanding of how locative media play important roles in modern urban experiences. The thesis proceeds by first contextualizing the idea of locational literacy within locative media studies and mobilities research. I then elaborate the idea of locational literacy by synthesizing phenomenological and critical theories of technology, including Andrew Feenberg's critical constructivist approach (2002) in order to problematize geolocational media as a site of micropolitical struggle. Then I provide an account and analysis of field data collected through my ethnographic research. Here, I show how geolocational media users come to terms with and organize their values, attitudes, and identities through media technologies, and how both individual technical knowledge and institutional constraints influence their relative access to and effective use of geolocational media. Further on, I describe a user experience study involving mobile phone users, who were surveyed (a) before and (b) after using a geolocation tracking app for a two week period. In this discussion, I show how geolocational awareness is associated with attitudes, values, and opinions about urban life, sustainability and mobile locative devices. I conclude the dissertation with the claim that the potential for perceptual shifting enabled by geolocational media empowers individuals – albeit somewhat unevenly – in very particular ways. This perceptual shift and sense of empowerment, I argue, can lead to improved forms of community interaction and deliberation, which hinges on an express articulation and acknowledgement of locational media literacy in everyday experience. I also examine how the micropolitical struggles of users with geolocational media signify the potential for broader political change as these technologies become progressively more accurate and granular, and more surveillant and invasive.
Effects of n-Butanol Extract of Flos Albiziae on Sleep Time and Acute Toxicity in Mice

Objective:To observe the effects of n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae on sleep time and acute toxicity in mice.Methods:effects of n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae on sleep time First 1.25mg/kg diazepam and 200mg/kg,500mg/kg extract of Flos Albiziae was treated with through stomach tube respectively.then the control group was treated with drinking water.After 1 hour,ip 45mg/kg barbital sodium.To write down ip time,disappeance time of righting reflex,refreshment time of righting reflex.2g/kg and 8g/kg n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae was treated with through stomach tube,while the control group was treated with driking water.Afte 7 days,to write down weight and.Results:n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae 200mg/kg by ig did not effect sleep time.n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae 500mg/kg by ig,shorted sleep time significantly.LD50 of n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae was more than 2g/kg,but less than 8g/kg.Conclusion:n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae can short sleep time in mice LD50 of n-butanol extract of Flos Albiziae was beteen 2～8g/kg.
Treatment benefit by perindopril in patients with stable coronary artery disease at different levels of risk

Aims: Patients with stable coronary artery disease(CAD) are at increased risk. Estimation of individual risk is difficult. We developed a cardiovascular risk model based on the EUROPA study population and investigated whether benefit of long-term administration of the angiotensin-con- verting enzyme(ACE)-inhibitor perindopril was modified by risk level. Methods and results: A total of 12218 patients with stable CAD were treated with 8 mg perindopril or placebo. Baseline patient characteristics were assessed for association with 1091 cardiovascular deaths or non-fatal myocardial infarction(MI). Risk factors were age over 65 years, male gender [hazard ratio(HR) 1.2], previous MI(HR 1.5), previous stroke and/or peripheral vascular disease(HR 1.7), diabetes, smoking, angina(all HR 1.5), and high serum cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. Treatment benefit by perindopril was consistent among high, intermediate, and low risk patients(HRs 0.88, 0.68, and 0.83, respectively). Risk reduction was thus not modified by absolute risk level. Conclusion: Risk factors such as age, male gender, smoking, total cholesterol, and blood pressure continue to play an important role once clinical sequellae of coronary heart disease have developed. Patients at moderate-to-high risk because of uncontrolled risk factors and those with other indications for ACE-inhibitors have the most to gain from ACE-inhibition.
Diagnosis and treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

Objective: To analyze the diagnosis and treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 11 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans treated by surgery from January 2001 to June 2007 in our hospital.Results: The dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans were scattered all over the body and varied in size,the largest being 30 cm×25 cm.All the cases underwent surgical excision,5 with the incisions sutured directly,4 with the wounds repaired by skin grafts and 2 by skin flaps.During the 6-24 months follow-up,6 cases relapsed and received a second operation.Conclusion: Plastic surgery,together with radiation and chemotherapy,could produce good results in the treatment of neurofibromas.
The L-dopa response in vascular parkinsonism

Objective To investigate the relationship between dopa responsiveness and the type of vascular lesion in vascular parkinsonism(VP). Methods Sixty-one patients with vascular parkinsonism were divided into different groups according to the type of vascular lesion:1.status lacunaris in the striatum;2.lacunar infarction in substantia nigra;3.confluent white matter hyperintensity signals;4.mixed type.These patients and those with Parkinson's disease(PD) received acute levodopa challenge test with consecutive dosages of oral levodopa/benserazide(100/25 mg,150/37.5 mg,200/50 mg) in three days.The maximum improvement of UPDRS part Ⅲ scores was compared between different groups of VP and those of PD.Results As a whole the improvement of UPDRS part Ⅲ scores in VP was lower than that in PD at 200/50 mg dosage(10.4±7.4% vs 40.1±14.9%). The improvement of UPDRS part Ⅲ scores in VP patients with status lacunaris in the striatum or substantia nigra was higher than that in VP patients with confluent white matter hyperintensity signals at 200/50 mg dosage (26.3±10.6% vs 6.5±4.3%,P0.01). Conclusion These results suggest that a substantial number of patients with clinically suspected VP may respond to dopaminergic therapy,especially those with lesions in or close to the nigrostriatal pathway.
Role of P-selectin and dendritic cells in human renal tubulointerstitial lesions

Objective To observe the expression of P-selectin and the localization of dendritic cells (DCs) in the human kidney with nephritis, and to evaluate their functions in human renal tubulointerstitial lesions and renal dysfunction. Methods We choosed biopsy specimen of 133 patients with nephritis, and divided them into three groups according to the degree of renal tubulointerstitial lesions, and 10 normal individuals were observed in the same time. The expression of P-selectin was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. CDla+CD80+DC was investigated by the double immunostaining method and the images were analyzed with Axioplan 2 microscopy. Results P-selectin was much more in the renal tubular epithelial cells than in the glomeruli and interstitium, and was also greater in the severe group than the mild and moderate group. The expression of P-selectin was associated with the degree of renal tubulointerstitial lesions. In the renal tissues of patients with nephritis, CDla+ CD80+ DC was found in the renal tubules, interstitium and vessels, especially tubulointerstitium. The distribution area, number and density of CDla+ CD80+ DC in the severe group were much more than other groups, and were associated with the degree of renal tubulointerstitial lesions and the levels of serum creatine and clearance of creatine. The distribution of CDla+ CD80+ DC was associated with the expression of P-selectin in the renal tubulointerstitium. Conclusion The study demonstrated that DCs recruited into the kidney with nephritis were mediated by P-selectin, which played an important role in the immune pathogenesis of nephritis and were associated with renal tubulointerstitial lesions.
IFLUÊNCIA DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO SOBRE PARÂMETROS DECOMPORTAMENTO E ESTRESSE OXIDATIVO EM MODELO ANIMAL DE DISCINESIA TARDIA

Dissertation of Master’s Degree Post-Graduate Course in Pharmacology Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON BEHAVIORAL PARAMETERS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF TARDIVE DYSKINESIA AUTHOR: Angelica Martelli Teixeira ADVISOR: Marilise Escobar Burger PLACE AND DATE OF THE DEFENSE: Santa Maria, 2008 Regular practice of physical activity promotes beneficial effects to the body. However, excessive duration and intensity of exercise may surpass individual tolerance to exercise, generating oxidative stress (OS). Studies have shown these effects in various organs, such as the heart and muscles, but little is known about their action and mechanisms in the brain. Various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are associated with OS and neurotoxicity. Considering these aspects, the first objective of this study was to determine the influence of chronic moderate exercise in an OS model induced by reserpine in rats. The animals were submitted to daily sessions of swimming, with a gradual increase in the length of training. After eight weeks, the animals received two injections of reserpine or control solutions (1 mg/kg-sc), alternately. A behavioral evaluation was performed, after which the rats were euthanized and the striatum was dissected for enzymatic and biochemical assays. Reserpine increased the vacuous chewing movements frequency (VCM) and facial twitching (FT), as well as catalase activity, but decreased reduced glutathione levels (GSH). Exercise partially prevented FT, and partially recovered GSH levels, but did not modify the effects on catalase and VCM. There was a positive correlation between catalase activity and orofacial dyskinesia (OD) and a negative correlation between GSH and OD. The second objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intense physical activity in the same model of OS. Rats were submitted to eleven weeks of swimming (1 h/day), where each rat’s load was increased according to its body weight until reaching 7% of its weight. Behavioral evaluations were performed before euthanasia and the striatum was then dissected for assays. The effectiveness of the training was confirmed through reduced levels of serum lactate and cardiac hypertrophy, observed in exercised animals. Intense exercise reduced the locomotor index and exploratory activity of the animals, demonstrating the development of emotional stress. In the presence of reserpine, exercise increased lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and caused an increase in catalase activity, which were positively correlated with each other. Based on the results, it was concluded that chronic physical activity of moderate intensity improved the antioxidant defenses in movement disorders associated with cerebral OS. On the other hand, excessive exercise caused negative emotional disorders and, in the presence of another aggressor agent, modified brain antioxidant capacity, which possibly could aggravate cases of neurological and/or neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative processes.
VO2máx estimado e sua velocidade correspondente predizem o desempenho de corredores amadores. DOI:10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n2p192

In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of runners, with a proportional increase in their involvement in amateur street competition. Identification of the determinants of performance in this population appears necessary for optimization of time devoted to training. The objective of this study was to ascertain the association between estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), critical velocity (CV) and VO2max velocity (VVO2max) and athletic performance in the 3.6 km (uphill) and 10 and 21.1 km (flatland) events. Twelve amateur runners (nine male), mean age 36 ± 5 years underwent five tests: 1 and 5 km race on level ground, 3.6 km race with slope (≈8%), and indirect VO2max measurement. CV was determined from the linear relationship between distance and run time on the first two tests. The subjects then took part in two official 10 km and 21.1 km (half marathon) races. VVO2max was calculated from the VO2max through a metabolic equation. VO2max showed the best association with running performance in the 10 and 21.1 km events. For the uphill race, VVO2max showed a better association. Overall, the variable with the highest average association was VO2max (0.91±0.07), followed by VVO2max (0.90±0.04) and VC (0.87±0.06). This study showed strong associations between physiological variables established by low-cost, user-friendly indirect methods and running performance in the 10 and 21.1 km (flatland) and 3.6 km (uphill) running events.
R&D Costs and Productivity in Biopharmaceuticals

This article characterizes the activities required to launch a new pharmaceutical molecule into the market, summarizes studies that have attempted to pinpoint the research and development costs incurred per approved new molecule, and analyzes the various critiques levied against published R&D cost estimates. It finds that by any reckoning, R&D costs per approved molecule have risen sharply over time, most likely at a rate of approximately 7 percent per year after stripping out the effects of general economic inflation.
Nonlinear Time Series Analysis

Part I. Basic Concepts: 1. Introduction: why nonlinear methods? 2. Linear tools and general considerations 3. Phase space methods 4. Determinism and predictability 5. Instability: Lyapunov exponents 6. Self-similarity: dimensions 7. Using nonlinear methods when determinism is weak 8. Selected nonlinear phenomena Part II. Advanced Topics: 9. Advanced embedding methods 10. Chaotic data and noise 11. More about invariant quantities 12. Modeling and forecasting 13. Chaos control 14. Other selected topics Appendix 1. Efficient neighbour searching Appendix 2. Program listings Appendix 3. Description of the experimental data sets.
“Cocaine-Related” Deaths: Media Coverage in the War on Drugs

A 1989 newspaper story describing twenty-nine cocaine-related deaths in British Columbia is used to illustrate the lands of unwarranted inferences that are propagated by the news media during the current War on Drugs. The newspaper story conveys the impression that most of the deaths involved well-integrated, moderate drug users, that all twenty-nine deaths were caused by cocaine, and that these deaths provided evidence of an epidemic of dangerous cocaine use sweeping the province. However, the coroner's files on which the story was based, and related research, provide strong evidence that all three frightening inferences are wrong. A more careful analysis of these deaths as a consequence of chronic deterioration in a fringe population can contribute to the development of realistic drug policy.
A clinical trial to evaluate the effects of detoxification and dissipation blood stasis granule on the prognosis of patient with chronic severe hepatitis patients

Objective:To evaluate the effects on the prognosis of administrating the detoxification and dissipation blood stasis granule in chronic severe hepatitis patients.Methods:It was an open,randomized,controlled clinical study.Ninety five cases of chronic severe hepatitis patients were randomly divided into treating and control group.The treating group patients were administrated with the detoxification and dissipation blood stasis granule and the control group patients were only treated with western medicine.The end-stage liver disease model(MELD),score system were used to assess the efficacy and observe the patients for 3 months.Results:The clinical studies results showed that the detoxification and dissipation blood stasis granule combined with western medicine could reduce the patients' MELD score,improve the prognosis(P0.05). Conclusion:The detoxification and dissipation blood stasis granule conforms to the pathogenesis of severe hepatitis can increase the survival rate of patients with chronic severe hepatitis,improve short-term(3 months)prognosis.
Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness in Patients With Shock

In a patient with hemodynamic failure, volume expansion is used to increase cardiac output, thereby improving tissue oxygenation. Nevertheless, the relationship between cardiac output and preload is curvilinear, and so the expected increase in cardiac output frequently does not occur. This supports the concept of predicting fluid responsiveness. In addition, evidence is growing that administration of too much fluid to critically ill patients impairs organ function and increases mortality. Thus, it is crucial to avoid potentially harmful volume expansion if it does not improve cardiac output. This supports the concept of predicting fluid unresponsiveness. There is today solid evidence that fluid responsiveness/unresponsiveness cannot be predicted by static markers of cardiac preload, like central venous pressure. In contrast, a dynamic approach to prediction has increasingly proven valid and useful. We review methods at the bedside currently used to predict fluid responsiveness/unresponsiveness before deciding whether or not to administer fluid. The method that was initially described consists in observing changes in stroke volume resulting from heart-lung interactions during invasive mechanical ventilation. Some alternatives were developed later, like passive leg raising and the end-expiratory occlusion test. In light of the latest literature, we describe their practical aspects, value, and limitations.