Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal acid-base and neonatal status after general and neuraxial anesthesia for elective cesarean section.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relation between fetal acid-base and neonatal status in an observational cohort study of 900 consecutive women with singleton pregnancies at term undergoing elective cesarean section. METHODS The women were divided into 3 groups according to the type of anesthesia administered. Fetal acid-base status was assessed from umbilical cord blood (both artery and vein) and intermediate neonatal outcome was noted. RESULTS Epidural anesthesia was associated with the highest pH. The lowest pH and the highest pC0(2) values were associated with spinal anesthesia. Although maternal general anesthesia was associated with the highest values for partial pressure and saturation of oxygen in umbilical arterial blood, the newborns were more likely to be depressed than those born following spinal (P=0.0016) or epidural (P=0.0002) anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS If fetal oxygenation is the goal, general anesthesia provides the highest values for partial pressure and saturation of oxygen in umbilical arterial blood. However, epidural anesthesia was associated with better fetal and neonatal status than either spinal or general anesthesia.
Subdomain Model for Predicting Armature Reaction Field of Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Machines Accounting for Tooth-Tips

A subdomain model considering the influence of tooth-tips is developed for predicting the armature reaction field in surface-mounted permanent-magnet machines having either non-overlapping or overlapping windings. In the developed model, the field domain is divided into three types of subdomains, viz. air gap including magnet, slot openings, and slots. The expression of the vector potential distribution in each subdomain is obtained by the variable separation method, and the field solution is obtained by applying the boundary and interface conditions. Compared with the conventional subdomain model, the subdomain model considering the tooth-tips predicts similar flux density in the air gap and magnets, but exhibits much higher accuracy for the flux density in the slot openings and slots. The finite-element results validate the analytical prediction.
Survey Equilibria , fixed points , and complexity classes

Many models from a variety of areas involve the computation of an equilibrium or fixed point of some kind. Examples include Nash equilibria in games; market equilibria; computing optimal strategies and the values of competitive games (stochastic and other games); stable configurations of neural networks; analysing basic stochastic models for evolution like branching processes and for language like stochastic context-free grammars; and models that incorporate the basic primitives of probability and recursion like recursive Markov chains. It is not known whether these problems can be solved in polynomial time. There are certain common computational principles underlying different types of equilibria, which are captured by the complexity classes PLS, PPAD, and FIXP. Representative complete problems for these classes are, respectively, pure Nash equilibria in games where they are guaranteed to exist, (mixed) Nash equilibria in two-player normal form games, and (mixed) Nash equilibria in normal form games with three (or more) players. This paper reviews the underlying computational principles and the corresponding classes. c © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Bioretention for stormwater quality improvement in Texas : pilot experiments.

This report summarizes the results of pilot-scale bioretention experiments. Five steel boxes of 6 ft (L) × 6 ft (W) × 4 ft (D) were constructed, each of which has a different type of vegetation: (1) shrubs, (2) grass species in Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Bryan District seed mix, (3) native grasses, (4) Bermudagrass, and (5) no vegetation as the control. Vegetation was given 14 months to establish before testing. Synthetic runoff containing predetermined pollutants with target concentrations was used. The results indicate that pilot bioretentions effectively removed zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), total suspended solids (TSS), and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) from stormwater runoff, but exported copper (Cu), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). Vegetation plays an important role on NO3-N and TN removals due to root uptake and the denitrification processes in root zone. However, vegetation could negatively affect the water quality if the soil infiltration rate is significantly increased by its root system. This effect was specifically obvious on the TSS removal, in which the control box with the longest detention time had much better performance than the vegetated boxes. The results suggest that bioretention is useful to treat stormwater runoff from TxDOT highways, but the design specifications developed in other states should be revised to reflect Texas’ unique climate and environmental conditions. Challenges and learned lessons are described in the report.
Clinical relevance of serum interleukin-6 in Crohn's disease: single point measurements, therapy monitoring, and prediction of clinical relapse

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical relevance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum levels in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), single point IL-6 measurements in sera from consecutive CD patients and healthy donors (HD), as well as longitudinal measurements during the course of steroid therapy for active CD were performed. Patients with steroid-induced remission were followed until clinical relapse.METHODS:One hundred thirty-six CD patients without steroid or other immunosuppressive treatment within 2 months and surgical procedures within 3 months before study entry were investigated; 63 patients with active CD were enrolled into the follow-up program. Clinical activity was evaluated by the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) and serum IL-6 levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:IL-6 serum levels were significantly elevated in CD patients compared to HD (p < 0.001). In individual patients serum IL-6 levels correlated with corresponding CDAI scores in a subgroup referred to as primarily inflammatory patients presenting without bowel stenosis, previous intestinal resection, or concomitant inflammatory disorders (r = 0.72, p < 0.001). Primarily inflammatory patients displayed higher serum IL-6 levels (median: 6.0 pg/ml; range: 1.3–25) than CD patients with bowel stenosis (median: 2.0; range: 1.3–4.9; p < 0.01) or extensive intestinal resection (median: 1.5; range: 1.3–13.7; p < 0.001). Longitudinally measured serum IL-6 levels reflected the clinical response during steroid therapy and predicted clinical relapse after steroid-induced remission at week 9 of the treatment protocol.CONCLUSIONS:Serum IL-6 is a clinically relevant parameter for CD that correlates with inflammatory activity and implies a prognostic value after steroid-induced remission.
A LITERATURE REVIEW

Increased technological and pharmacological interventions in patient care when patient outcomes are uncertain have been linked to the escalation in moral and ethical dilemmas experienced by health care providers in acute care settings. Health care research has shown that facilities that are able to attract and retain nursing staff in a competitive environment and provide high quality care have the capacity for nurses to process and resolve moral and ethical dilemmas. This article reports on the findings of a systematic review of the empirical literature (1980 – February 2007) on the effects of unresolved moral distress and poor ethical climate on nurse turnover. Articles were sought to answer the review question: Does unresolved moral distress and a poor organizational ethical climate increase nurse turnover? Nine articles met the criteria of the review process. Although the prevailing sentiment was that poor ethical climate and moral distress caused staff turnover, definitive answers to the review question remain elusive because there are limited data that confidently support this statement.
Linezolid use in Medicine Therapy against Multiresistant Bacteria-AReview

After the description of an element with ability to combat the infectious processes originating from bacteria, starts a race for survival between the interrelationship of species, bacterial and human. With the evolution scientifictechnical, the man was able to synthesize new antibacterial substances, on the other hand the mechanisms of gene evolution enabled the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Some of this organisms are frequent on hospital environment and have high adaptability to new drugs, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. resistant to oxacillin and vancomycin, considered drugs of choice against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. So, a new antibiotics class was developed, superior to vancomycin and oxazolidinone, the linezolid. Thus, the present study aimed at understanding the use of linezolid in drug therapy against multi-resistant bacteria. To perform this study, a literature review of last 10 years was performed. In 2002, after the liberation of the use of linezolid as treatment for infectious processes against gram-positive bacteria, this drug was commonly used throughout the world. Similarly, the pressure of natural selection stood out, and there were records of resistant strains to linezolid. As prospects for control of infections caused by these resistant strains, was approved by the FDA in 2014 the use of drugs with linezolid resistant anti-strains activity. However, we conclude that, in addition to natural selection and genetic variation process, human behavior regarding the use of antibiotics, increases the selection of resistant microorganisms to antibiotic, including linezolid.
Inferindo as emoções do usuário pela face através de um sistema psicológico de codificação facial

This paper presents a computing system to infer anger, fear, disgust, surprise, joy, and sadness emotions from user's facial expressions through a webcam. The emotion detection is based on a facial psychological system, the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), and uses machine learning algorithms for its execution. Experiments using this system reached 60% success in average, achieving a success rate of 90% for joy and sadness.
Cost and Benefit Analysis of Desulfurization System in Power Plant

The economy of desulfurization system is of great significance for operation of desulfurization system and improving the environment quality in power plant. Based on the desulfurization power price policy, this paper analyzes the cost and benefit structure of the wet flue gas desulfurization system in Chinese power plant; that puts forward the calculation methods of total cost present value, total benefits present value and net present value during the life period of desulphurization system. Moreover using Cost-benefit sensitivity analysis to find out that there is sensitivity relationship between power generation hour and desulphurizer price. By applies these methods, the result shows that the economy of desulfurization system is better under the current designed scheme. But with the reduced power hour and risen price of limestone, the current desulfurization system power price policy of China cannot compensate the running cost of the desulfurization system in power plant rationally, and leads to lower economy of desulfurization system.
Critical Roles of CXC Chemokine Ligand 16/Scavenger Receptor that Binds Phosphatidylserine and Oxidized Lipoprotein in the Pathogenesis of Both Acute and Adoptive Transfer Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis1

The scavenger receptor that binds phosphatidylserine and oxidized lipoprotein (SR-PSOX)/CXCL16 is a chemokine expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, while its receptor expresses on T and NK T cells. We investigated the role of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 on acute and adoptive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is Th1-polarized T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the CNS. Administration of mAb against SR-PSOX/CXCL16 around the primary immunization decreased disease incidence of acute EAE with associated reduced infiltration of mononuclear cells into the CNS. Its administration was also shown to inhibit elevation of serum IFN-γ level at primary immune response, as well as subsequent generation of Ag-specific T cells. In adoptive transfer EAE, treatment of recipient mice with anti-SR-PSOX/CXCL16 mAb also induced not only decreased clinical disease incidence, but also diminished traffic of mononuclear cells into the CNS. In addition, histopathological analyses showed that clinical development of EAE correlates well with expression of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 in the CNS. All the results show that SR-PSOX/CXCL16 plays important roles in EAE by supporting generation of Ag-specific T cells, as well as recruitment of inflammatory mononuclear cells into the CNS.
Analysis of Solder Joint Failure Criteria and Measurement Techniques in the Qualification of Electronic Products

The specification of a failure criterion for solder joints is an important element in the qualification of an electronic product. A common approach to reliability testing is to monitor electrical resistance during the testing. The techniques employed for resistance monitoring and data acquisition will determine whether information regarding transients or long-term drift is captured by the measurement. This paper reviews and assesses the failure criteria used in industry and academia, focusing on three key attributes: resistance threshold, duration of resistance change, and frequency of changes. An experimental study on thermomechanical fatigue of ball grid array package solder joints was performed to compare measurement techniques and failure criteria.
An improved intelligence algorithm over ACS for TSP

Ant colony system (ACS) is an effective algorithm to solve combinatorial problems such as TSPs. There are many disadvantages when we analyzed all kinds of ACS. The serious one is the algorithms take long time to run, the other is they often stop during the running. Considered these problems, a new algorithm, Based on ACS, intelligent ant system (IAS), is designed to improve the performance. Algorithm implemented with Java, the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the new algorithm.
Genes acrA and acrB encode a stress‐induced efflux system of Escherichia coli

Defined mutations of acrA or acrB (formerly acrE) genes increased the susceptibility of Escherichia coli to a range of small inhibitor molecules. Deletion of acrAB increased susceptibility to cephalothin and cephaloridine, but the permeability of these β‐lactams across the outer membrane was not increased. This finding is inconsistent with the earlier hypothesis that acrAB mutations increase drug susceptibility by increasing the permeability of the outer membrane, and supports our model that acrAB codes for a multi‐drug efflux pump. The natural environment of an enteric bacterium such as E. coli is enriched in bile salts and fatty acids. An acrAB deletion mutant was found to be hypersusceptible to bile salts and to decanoate. In addition, acrAB expression was elevated by growth in 5mM decanoate. These results suggest that one major physiological function of AcrAB is to protect E. coli against these and other hydrophobic inhibitors. Transcription of acrAB is increased by other stress conditions including 4% ethanol, 0.5 M NaCl, and stationary phase in Luria‐Bertani medium. Finally, acrAB expression was shown to be increased in mar (multiple‐antibiotic‐resistant) mutants.
Big data and cloud computing: Pitfalls and advantages in data management

Scalable database management system works for both online transaction processing system and decision support system. Big data in current era play a critical role against RDBMS to provide fast solution to manage data. Cloud computing had also played a good role to do transformation of traditional database management system but now big data services needs to be provide in cloud. Cloud computing is another dimension for data processing in big data. This paper presents challenges that need to be addressed for having successful big data application in the cloud environment. Developer and designer of cloud service provider have to handle the issues of big data with on-line transaction support and decision support ad-hoc query processing. In concluding section paper will propose various big data models with functionalities of data management that lead to the bridge to be developed for big data and cloud computing to boost performance of large data in reduced cost.
In vivo oxygen tension and temperature: Simultaneous determination using 19F NMR spectroscopy of perfluorocarbon

A novel technique is presented to measure in vivo simulataneously oxygen tension and temperature using 19F NMR spectroscopy of perfluorocarbon. This work examines the variation with oxygen tension (pO2) and temperature of the individual spin lattice relaxation rates (R1) of the 19F resonances of the perfluorocarbon emulsion Oxypherol‐ET. A linear relationship between R1 and pO2 is confirmed for all the resonances at any specific temperature in the range 27–50°C. Similarly, a linear relationship is determined between R1 and temperature at any specific pO2 in this temperature range. Each resonance behaves uniquely with respect to temperature and pO2 and consideration of 2 or more resonances uniquely defines pO2 and temperature simultaneously, and unambiguously. This concept is demonstrated in vivo in a murine tumor and perfused rat heart, where pO2 and temperature were both determined without prior knowledge.
Alternating combination chemotherapy (VMCP/VBAP) is not superior to melphalan/prednisone in the treatment of multiple myeloma patients stage III —A randomized study from MGCS

86 previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma stage III entered a randomized trial comparing combination chemotherapy (VMCP/VBAP) (n = 42) with intermittent oral melphalan and prednisone (MP) treatment (n = 44). The treatment gropus were well comparable with regard to major prognostic factors. There was no statistically significant difference in the response rates, 52% (VMCP/VBAP) vs 61% (MP); in the response duration times, median 19 months vs 22 months, or in the survival times, median 24 months vs 28 months. However, survival of patients older than 65 years was significantly shorter in the VMCP/VBAP group (median 15 months) compared to the MP group (median 23 months) (p = 0.03). No significant difference in non‐hematological or hematological toxicity was noted. The study further supports the notion that MP therapy should be used as primary standard treatment for patients with multiple myeloma.
Editorial Gender Disparity in CABG Outcomes: An Independent Risk Factor or Not, Women Are at a Disadvantage

In this issue of the Journal, Sharoni E. et al. from Rabin Medical Center evaluate the impact of female gender on postoperative morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The authors retrospectively analyzed 1758 isolated first-time CABG patients operated from 2003 to 2005 and found that women had distinctly different preand intraoperative profiles compared with men, and also a significantly higher postoperative mortality. On propensity scoring of 359 matched pairs, and validation with the bootstrap technique, female gender was not found to be an independent risk factor of death after CABG in their study. This data is based on a single center experience and seems to contradict some of the earlier studies demonstrating that female gender is in itself an independent risk factor for mortality. Previously published data have shown that women are less likely to undergo percutaneous intervention (PCI) or CABG procedures and there is a question whether this is secondary to the perception that women have a less favorable outcome. Over the years, it appeared that women had a higher morbidity and mortality after PCI or CABG and lower success rates for CABG but they shared similar long-term outcomes to men once periprocedural risk factors and characteristics were accounted for. To date, the controversy still exists about whether differences in clinical outcomes can be attributed to female gender itself or to other associated unfavorable characteristics or factors. In the majority of the previously published studies women who underwent CABG needed more urgent or emergent operations and had a higher incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI), congestive heart failure (CHF) and anemia. Women undergoing CABG were also older, had a lower body surface area (BSA), and a higher incidence of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. These associated comorbidities are known to con-
Tumor suppressor gene BRCA‐1 is expressed by embryonic and adult neural stem cells and involved in cell proliferation

BRCA‐1 is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a role in DNA repair and cellular growth control. Here we show that BRCA‐1 mRNA is expressed by embryonic rat brain and is localized to the neuroepithelium containing neuronal precursor cells. The expression of BRCA‐1 decreases during rat brain development, but BRCA‐1 is expressed postnatally by proliferating neuronal precursor cells in the developing cerebellum. Neural stem cells (NSC) prepared from embryonic rat brain and cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor were positive for BRCA‐1. Induction of NSC differentiation resulted in down‐regulation of BRCA‐1 expression as shown by RNA and protein analyses. In addition to embryonic cells, BRCA‐1 is also present in NSC prepared from adult rat brain. In adult rats, BRCA1 was expressed by cells in the walls of brain ventricles and in choroid plexus. The results show that BRCA‐1 is present in embryonic and adult rat NSC and that the expression is linked to NSC proliferation. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prediction of Channel Availability in Cognitive Radio Networks Using a Logistic Regression Algorithm

—The capacity of predicting spectral occupancy in cognitive radio networks offers the possibility of developing better policies in channel assignment to secondary users, according to the predicted spectral opportunities. This work develops a prediction model to determine and exploit spectral opportunities while avoiding the continuous search for channel availability in cognitive radio networks. The proposed scheme creates an availability prediction matrix for every available channel in the GSM band that includes their times of availability. By using this information, there is a potential to improve channel allocation policies. The model contains two processes: the first one performs a training process in order to prepare the prediction algorithm so that it can make more reliable predictions and the second one uses the logistic regression algorithm to estimate the availability in every available frequency which can be profited by secondary users, who intend to start transmissions. Measurements were made for average bandwidth, average delay and prediction error. The results obtained were evaluated with real spectral occupancy data in the GSM frequency band. The developed model shows a low prediction error which enables optimal channel assignment mechanisms, hence minimizing failed handoffs through the channel occupation of primary users.