Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
State Identification Based on Dynamic T-S Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Network Observer

Traditional fuzzy neural network is a static map, not suitable for induction motor state identification. To improve the accuracy of system identification, a dynamic TS recurrent fuzzy neural network observer was proposed. The dynamic back-propagation algorithm was derived from dynamic recurrent neural network observer model, which using Lyapunov Theorem to prove that the observer with global convergence. Simulation results show that: Because dynamic TS recurrent fuzzy neural network observer use the current data and historical data for state recognition at the same time, it has wonderful performance in the recognition accuracy and stability and better convergence than the traditional fuzzy neural network observer.
Foreign Direct Investment, Exports and Imports in Mexico

This paper analyses the liberalisation of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico since the late 1980s, and its relationships with exports and imports. Such a process has eased the access of multinational corporations (MNCs) to the country, which has promoted exports. However, it has also resulted in a higher import content and the displacement of local firms, which has limited Mexico's economic development through the balance of payments constraint. The analysis is supported by the existence of linkages - bidirectional Granger causality - between exports, imports and FDI. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2005.
Animal Model Quantitative Trait Loci Influence Renal Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Alport Syndrome

Alport syndrome is a human hereditary glomerulonephritis which results in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) in most cases. It is caused by mutations in any one of the collagen (cid:2) 3(IV), (cid:2) 4(IV), or (cid:2) 5(IV) chain genes ( COL4A3 - COL4A5 ). Patients carrying identical mutations can exhibit very different disease courses, suggesting that other genes or the environment influence disease progression. We previously generated a knockout mouse model of Alport syndrome by mutating Col4a3 . Here, we show that genetic background strongly influences the timing of onset of disease and rate of progression to ESRF in these mice. On the 129X1/SvJ background, Col4a3 (cid:3) / (cid:3) mice reached ESRF at (cid:2) 66 days of age, while on the C57BL/6J background, the mean age at ESRF was 194 days of age. This suggests the existence of modifier genes that influence disease progression. A detailed histopathological analysis revealed that glomerular basement membrane lesions typical of Alport syndrome were significantly more frequent in homozygotes on the 129X1/SvJ background than on the C57BL/6J background as early as two weeks of age, suggesting that modifier genes act by influencing glomerular basement membrane structure. Additional data indicated that differential physiological responses to basement membrane splitting also underlie the differences in disease progression. We attempted to map the modifier genes as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using age at ESRF as the quantitative trait. Genome scans were performed on mice at the two extremes in a cohort of mutant F1 (cid:4)
Biopsy of liver, adipose tissue and mammary gland of lactating cows.

Abstract Concurrent biopsies of liver, subcutaneous or abdominal fat, and mammary gland from 11 lactating cows slightly reduced milk production (4.8%) 5 days after surgery. Repeated biopsies 30 days later reduced milk production 12.7%. The tissues were suitable for enzymic and chemical assays.
Home blood pressure monitoring: its effect on the management of hypertension in general practice.

BACKGROUND Ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring have been shown to improve the management of hypertension. Either can be used to diagnose 'white coat hypertension' (WCH), which affects 10% to 20% of hypertensives and usually does not require drug treatment. Home monitoring has been used little in primary care. AIM To investigate the use and acceptability of home monitoring, and to establish the incidence of WCH as diagnosed in a primary care setting. METHOD Twenty practices were asked to monitor hypertensive patients, in particular those about to start drug treatment and those who were poorly controlled. RESULTS A total of 660 patients were monitored. Sixty-four (27%) of the 236 untreated patients had WCH and no medication was started in 60 (94%) of this group. Forty-five (17%) of the 258 poorly-controlled patients had WCH and, of these, 34 (76%) continued with the same medication and 11 (24%) either reduced or stopped it. Compliance with recording was high. Questionnaires and focus groups with doctors and nurses showed that home monitoring represented a valuable enhancement of their management of hypertensive patients. Patients reported a high degree of interest and satisfaction with monitoring. CONCLUSIONS Patients, doctors, and nurses found monitoring valuable, and found the instruments easy to use with few problems. The feasibility of screening for WCH with home blood pressure monitoring was demonstrated, and, for this specific purpose, it is recommended as the preferred alternative to ambulatory monitoring in primary care.
Effects of regular exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension.

BACKGROUND The prevalence of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications is higher in African Americans than in whites. Interventions to control blood pressure in this population are particularly important. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, but its effects in patients with severe hypertension have not been studied. We examined the effects of moderately intense exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension. METHODS We randomly assigned 46 men 35 to 76 years of age to exercise plus antihypertensive medication (23 men) or antihypertensive medication alone (23 men). A total of 18 men in the exercise group completed 16 weeks of exercise, and 14 completed 32 weeks of exercise, which was performed three times per week at 60 to 80 percent of the maximal heart rate. RESULTS After 16 weeks, mean (+/- SD) diastolic blood pressure had decreased from 88 +/- 7 to 83 +/- 8 mm Hg in the patients who exercised, whereas it had increased slightly, from 88 +/- 6 to 90 +/- 7 mm Hg, in those who did not exercise (P = 0.002). Diastolic blood pressure remained significantly lower after 32 weeks of exercise, even with substantial reductions in the dose of antihypertensive medication. In addition, the thickness of the interventricular septum (P = 0.03), the left ventricular mass (P = 0.02), and the mass index (P = 0.04) had decreased significantly after 16 weeks in the patients who exercised, whereas there was no significant change in the nonexercisers. CONCLUSIONS Regular exercise reduced blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension.
Capsaicin reduces the metastatic burden in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model

Capsaicin, the active compound in chili peppers, has demonstrated anti‐ carcinogenic properties in vitro in a number of malignancies, including the prostate. In the present study, we investigate the chemopreventive potential of capsaicin on prostate cancer using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. The TRAMP is a murine model that resembles the progression of human disease.
FAR-ULTRAVIOLET NUMBER COUNTS OF FIELD GALAXIES

The far-ultraviolet (FUV) number counts of galaxies constrain the evolution of the star formation rate density of the universe. We report the FUV number counts computed from FUV imaging of several fields including the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, the Hubble Deep Field North, and small areas within the GOODS-North and South fields. These data were obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Solar Blind Channel of the Advance Camera for Surveys. The number counts sample an FUV AB magnitude range from 21 to 29 and cover a total area of 15.9 arcmin2, ∼4 times larger than the most recent HST FUV study. Our FUV counts intersect bright FUV Galaxy Evolution Explorer counts at 22.5 mag and they show good agreement with recent semi-analytic models based on dark matter “merger trees” by R. S. Somerville et al. We show that the number counts are ∼35% lower than in previous HST studies that use smaller areas. The differences between these studies are likely the result of cosmic variance; our new data cover more lines of sight and more area than previous HST FUV studies. The integrated light from field galaxies is found to contribute between 65.9+8− 8 and 82.6+12− 12 photons s−1 cm−2 sr−1 Å−1 to the FUV extragalactic background. These measurements set a lower limit for the total FUV background light.
The impact of pegvisomant treatment on substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with acromegaly.

CONTEXT Pegvisomant is a specific GH receptor antagonist that is able to normalize serum IGF-I concentrations in most patients with acromegaly. The impact of pegvisomant on insulin sensitivity and substrate metabolism is less well described. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed basal and insulin-stimulated (euglycemic clamp) substrate metabolism in seven patients with active acromegaly before and after 4-wk pegvisomant treatment (15 mg/d) in an open design. RESULTS After pegvisomant, IGF-I decreased, whereas GH increased (IGF-I, 621 +/- 82 vs. 247 +/- 33 microg/liter, P = 0.02; GH, 5.3 +/- 1.5 vs. 10.8 +/- 3.3 microg/liter, P = 0.02). Basal serum insulin and plasma glucose levels decreased after treatment (insulin, 54 +/- 5.9 vs. 42 +/- 5.3 pmol/liter, P = 0.001; glucose, 5.7 +/- 0.1 vs. 5.3 +/- 0.0 mmol/liter, not significant), whereas palmitate kinetics were unaltered. During the clamp, the glucose infusion rate increased after pegvisomant (3.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.6 mg/kg.min, P = 0.02), whereas the suppression of endogenous glucose production tended to increase (0.7 +/- 0.0 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.1 mg/kg.min, not significant). Total resting energy expenditure decreased after pegvisomant treatment (1703 +/- 109 vs. 1563 +/- 101 kcal/24 h, P = 0.03), but the rate of lipid oxidation did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS 1) Pegvisomant treatment for 4 wk improves peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity in acromegaly. 2) This is associated with a decrease in resting energy expenditure, whereas free fatty acid metabolism is unaltered. 3) The data support the important direct effects of GH on glucose metabolism and add additional benefits to pegvisomant treatment for acromegaly.
Statistical analysis of asteroidal and cometary polarization phase curves

We use an empirical polarization phase curve model at various wavelengths to predict some statistical properties of comets and asteroids. First, we show how our model with Bayesian MCMC numerical methods predicts polarization behaviour at larger phase angles when only the smaller angle data are used. Our empirical model incorporates both the phase and colour dependency on the same footing. Second, a comparison between the existing taxonomy of asteroids and the clustering of asteroid classes based on polarization suggests a new method for the classification. We also heavily concentrate on the derivations of quantitative errors in our analysis.
Fuzzy gain scheduled load frequency controller in presence of grid code frequency responsive wind power penetration

Cumulative wind energy penetration has increased substantial concern on power and frequency regulation in the electrical power industry. Fluctuating power due to varying nature of wind inflict extra power imbalance to the power system leading to frequency deviation from the nominal value. LFC system design must be able to minimize and maintain system frequency in presence of stochastic demand-load and disturbance scenario. Increased penetration of wind generation in interconnected power system intrinsically thus calls for LFC analysis with present and future wind technologies. Grid code frequency responsive wind power plants are new emerging wind technology. Fuzzy gain scheduling of LFC controller is assessed in presence of frequency responsive wind plants and presented in this study as improved substitute to general fuzzy LFC controllers under stochastic conditions.
Booming dune instability.

Sand avalanches flowing down the leeward face of some desert dunes spontaneously produce a loud sound with a characteristic vibrato around a well-defined frequency, a phenomenon called the "song of dunes. " Here, we show through theory that a homogenous granular surface flow is linearly unstable towards growing elastic waves when a localized shear band forms at the interface between the avalanche and the static part of the dune. We unravel the nature of the acoustic amplifying mechanism at the origin of this booming instability. The dispersion relation and the shape of the most unstable modes are computed and compared to field measurements.
Granulomatous Bone Marrow Disease: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND CLINICOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF 58 CASES

We have reviewed 58 cases of bone marrow granuloma at a single institution over a 20-year time span, and have summarized the available English literature. We conclude that bone marrow granulomas are an infrequent pathologic finding which, when found, require definition as to an underlying etiology. Undoubtedly, the illnesses associated with marrow granuloma are similar to those causing granulomatous hepatitis. The following additional statements may justifiably be made based on this review. There are no morphologic features which allow reliable differentiation between the causes of bone marrow granuloma. By combining careful histologic, microbiologic, and serologic techniques, an etiology can be documented in most (87%) patients with marrow granulomas. A medication history is an important element of this evaluation. Rocky Mountain spotted fever, cytomegalovirus infection, ibuprofen, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and various collagen vascular diseases should be added to the list of causes of marrow granuloma. The prognostic significance of marrow granuloma in patients without an ascertainable underlying illness remains unclear.
Comprehensive annotation of cross-linguistic variation in tense and aspect categories

In this paper, we present part of a new, cross-linguistically valid annotation scheme for annotating tense and aspect information on a syntactic and semantic level, focussing on the category of tense. Primarily, the annotation maps morphosyntactic information to representations of eventualities. We specify mapping conventions which are represented as inference rules expressing language specific variations of the syntax/semantics interface. Eventualities are expressed in terms of a cluster of features whose values can each be mapped to a formal description based on insights from the tense and aspect semantics literature. The annotation is integrated into a broader effort of achieving cross-linguistically viable temporal annotation and combines recent efforts of bringing together computational and formal approaches to temporal semantics. This allows for an overall comprehensive representation of syntax, semantics and the syntax/semantics interface regarding tense and aspect. The annotation scheme is especially well suited for computational research seeking to understand and extract tense/aspect information across languages.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis and the microbiota: current knowledge and perspectives on etiopathogenesis and emerging therapies

Abstract Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, fibroinflammatory, cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiopathogenesis. PSC generally progresses to liver cirrhosis, is a major risk factor for hepatobiliary and colonic neoplasia, and confers a median survival to death or liver transplantation of only 12 years. Although it is well recognized that approximately 75% of patients with PSC also have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the significance of this association remains elusive. Accumulating evidence now suggests a potentially important role for the intestinal microbiota, and enterohepatic circulation of molecules derived therefrom, as a putative mechanistic link between PSC and IBD and a central pathobiological driver of PSC. In this concise review, we provide a summary of and perspectives regarding the relevant basic, translational, and clinical data, which, taken together, encourage further investigation of the role of the microbiota and microbial metabolites in the etiopathogenesis of PSC and as a potential target for novel pharmacotherapies.
Isolation of chemical constituents from Enicosanthum cupulare (King) Airy-Shaw

Six chemical constituents were isolated from Enicosanthum cupulare (King) Airy-Shaw. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined using 1D, 2D-NMR and were found to be identical to those previously reported for these compounds. Three aporphine alkaloids, O-methylmoschatoline, liriodenine and oxostephanine were isolated from this plant for the first time. In addition, we examined the effects of these compounds on melanogenesis in murine B16 melanoma cells; O-methylmoschatoline increased melanin content in these cells.
Further validation and extensions of the Global Capacity ANnouncement procedure for distribution systems

This paper extends the Global Capacity ANnouncement procedure proposed in [5] along two directions. First, two new stopping criteria are considered. Second, annual losses are evaluated using representative days to approximate the injection duration curve. The extensions are validated on an updated model of a real-life system. The emphasis is on the situation in the Walloon region of Belgium considered in the GREDOR project [1]. A way for a DSO to publish Global Capacity ANnouncement computation results is shortly discussed.
OCTN Cation Transporters in Health and Disease

The three members of the organic cation transporter novel subfamily are known to be involved in interactions with xenobiotic compounds. These proteins are characterized by 12 transmembrane segments connected by nine short loops and two large hydrophilic loops. It has been recently pointed out that acetylcholine is a physiological substrate of OCTN1. Its transport could be involved in nonneuronal cholinergic functions. OCTN2 maintains the carnitine homeostasis, resulting from intestinal absorption, distribution to tissues, and renal excretion/reabsorption. OCTN3, identified only in mouse, mediates also carnitine transport. OCTN1 and OCTN2 are associated with several pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel disease, primary carnitine deficiency, diabetes, neurological disorders, and cancer, thus representing useful pharmacological targets. The function and interaction with drugs of OCTNs have been studied in intact cell systems and in proteoliposomes. The latter experimental model enables reduced interference from other transporters or enzyme pathways. Using proteoliposomes, the molecular bases of toxicity of some drugs have recently been revealed. Therefore, proteoliposomes represent a promising experimental tool suitable for large-scale molecular screening of interactions of OCTNs with chemicals regarding human health.
Lagrange multiplier approaches to the design of two-channel perfect-reconstruction linear-phase FIR filter banks

Two approaches are presented for the design of two-channel perfect-reconstruction FIR (finite impulse response) filter banks, which yield linear-phase filters. The optimization o perfect-reconstruction filter banks is first formulated as a quadratic programming problem with linear constraints, and then as one with nonlinear constraints. Closed-form solutions for the first approach and for the iteration problem in the second approach have been obtained. Design examples for both approaches are given. <<ETX>>
In Vivo Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Laser‐Doppler Flow and Pial Arteriolar Diameter

Background The alpha2 ‐adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine alters global cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, few studies have investigated the action of dexmedetomidine on the cerebral microcirculation. This investigation examined the effects of dexmedetomidine on (1) regional CBF in the rat cerebral cortex using laser‐Doppler flowmetry and (2) on pial arteriolar diameter. Methods Halothane‐anesthetized rats were fitted with instruments to measure CBF as determined by laser‐Doppler flow (CBFldf) or to measure pial arteriolar diameter by preparing a cranial hollow deepened until a translucent plate of skull remained, thereby maintaining the integrity of the cranial vault. In both groups, 20 micro gram/kg dexmedetomidine was infused intravenously. Thirty minutes later, the mean arterial pressure was restored to control values with an infusion of phenylephrine (0.5 to 5 micro gram/kg/min). Results Administration of dexmedetomidine was associated with decreases in end‐tidal and arterial carbon dioxide. The CBFldf and pial arteriolar diameter were measured during normocapnia (controlled carbon dioxide) and during dexmedetomidine‐induced hypocapnia. Intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine significantly decreased systemic arterial pressure concurrent with a decrease in CBFldf (22% in normocapnic animals, 36% in hypocapnic animals). Restoration of mean arterial pressure increased CBFldf in normocapnic but not in hypocapnic animals. Similarly, dexmedetomidine significantly reduced pial vessel diameter in both normocapnic (9%) and hypocapnic animals (17%). However, vessel diameters remained decreased in the normocapnic and hypocapnic animals after the mean arterial pressure was restored. Conclusions These results suggest a modulation of cerebral vascular autoregulation by dexmedetomidine which may be mediated, in part, by alterations in carbon dioxide. Dexmedetomidine may have a direct action on the cerebral vessels to reduce the CBF during normo‐ or hypocapnia. The differences between CBFldf and pial arteriole responses to restoration of mean arterial pressure may reflect the difference in measurement techniques because laser‐Doppler measurements reflect the net effect of several arterial segments on microvascular perfusion, whereas diameter measurements specifically examined individual pial arterioles, suggesting that dexmedetomidine vasoconstriction in the cerebral vasculature may be differentially and regionally mediated.
Robustness of Distributed Multi-Agent Consensus

Abstract Distributed consensus schemes in the presence of measurement errors are analyzed for both first-order and second-order dynamic agents. The connection between consensus error of coordination variables and the measurement errors is derived. Analytic estimates of consensus error are given. A design problem based on minimizing the “error gain” is thus identified. One simple example illustrates our results.