Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG uptake as a biologic prognostic factor for recurrence in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer.

UNLABELLED Among patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), approximately 50% present with a recurrent tumor. The clinical or pathologic TNM staging does not always provide a satisfactory explanation for differences in relapse and survival. Thus, it is of major importance to be able to predict these relapses and to prevent them with an active chemotherapy or radiotherapy program (or both). 18F-FDG uptake on PET could be of prognostic significance in patients with resected NSCLC. The goal of this study was to determine whether the level of metabolic activity observed with 18F-FDG uptake correlates with the probability of postoperative recurrence in patients with NSCLC. METHODS Fifty-seven patients with NSCLC were examined with 18F-FDG PET. For semiquantitative analysis, standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated. Patients were classified into high-SUV (> 5.0) and low-SUV (< or = 5.0) groups. All patients underwent thoracotomy within 4 wk after the 18F-FDG PET study. Tumor 18F-FDG uptake (SUV), pathologic stage, and lesion size were analyzed for their possible association with disease-free survival. RESULTS Forty-six patients had pathologic stage I NSCLC and 11 had pathologic stage II or stage III NSCLC. In a univariate analysis, patients with an SUV of < or = 5 had a much better disease-free survival than did patients with an SUV of > 5 (P < 0.0001). In patients with pathologic stage I and stage IA NSCLC, the SUV was also correlated with disease-free survival (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0012, respectively). Patients with pathologic stage I disease had an expected 5-y disease-free survival rate of 88% if the SUV was < or = 5 and a survival rate of < or = 17% if the SUV was > 5. A multivariate Cox analysis identified the SUV as the most significant independent factor for disease-free survival. CONCLUSION We conclude that the 18F-FDG uptake in primary NSCLC determined by PET has a significant independent postoperative prognostic value for recurrence, especially in patients with pathologic stage I NSCLC. 18F-FDG uptake was superior to pathologic stage in predicting relapse of patients with NSCLC.
Evidence of alcohol-related efficiency deficits in an episodic learning task.

Using a component processes model, the current study examined the cognitive processes of alcoholic and community control subjects engaged in the acquisition of new context-bound (e.g., episodic) information. Of particular interest was whether alcoholics were inferior to controls in the efficiency with which information was acquired and whether there was a gender x group interaction in cognitive efficiency. Alcoholic (n = 16 females; n = 22 males) and community control (n = 21 females; n = 21 males) subjects participated in a serial learning task that consisted of three 12-item word lists. Standard administration protocols for serial learning tasks were used. On efficiency measures, there were significant differences between groups [F(1.75) = 8.51, p = 0.005] and sexes [F(1.75) = 4.05, p = 0.048]. There was also a group x sex interaction [F(1.75) = 7.73, p = 0.007]. Duncan multiple-range comparisons revealed alcoholic females to be significantly inferior to control females, but equivalent to male controls and alcoholics. These data are consistent with other studies revealing the sensitivity of cognitive efficiency to alcohol-related effects and extend previous findings to tasks involving episodic learning tasks.
Modulation by Monoamines of Somatostatin‐Sensitive Adenylate Cyclase on Neuronal and Glial Cells from the Mouse Brain in Primary Cultures

Primary cultures of mouse embryonic neuronal or glial cells from the cerebral cortex, striatum, and mesencephalon were used to identify and determine the cellular localization of somatostatin receptors coupled to an adenylate cyclase. Somatostatin inhibited basal adenylate cyclase activity on neuronal but not on glial crude membranes in the three structures examined. The somatostatin‐inhibitory effect on neuronal crude membranes was still observed in the presence of (—)‐isoproterenol, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA), or 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT, serotonin) used at a concentration (10−5M) inducing maximal adenylate cyclase activation. In addition, in most cases biogenic amines modified the pattern of the somatostatin‐inhibitory effect, triggering either an increase in the peptide apparent affinity for its receptors or an increase in the maximal reduction of adenylate cyclase activity or both. However, 5‐HT did not modify the somatostatin‐inhibitory response on striatal and cortical neuronal crude membranes. The changes in somatostatin‐inhibitory responses were interpreted as a colocalization of the amine and the peptide receptors on subtypes of neuronal cell populations. Finally, somatostatin was shown to inhibit adenylate cyclase activity following its activation by (—)‐isoproterenol on glial crude membranes of the striatum and the mesencephalon but not on those of the cerebral cortex.
Synchronization of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy stochastic discrete-time complex networks with delayed impulsive effects

In this brief, the synchronization problem is investigated for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy stochastic discrete-time complex networks with delayed impulsive effects. The model involves impulsive delay, stochastic perturbation and time-varying delay. Employing stochastic analysis technique and Lyapunov functional theorem, a sufficient criterion is derived to ensure the exponential synchronization of the proposed T-S fuzzy system. The derived criterion not only depends on impulsive delay and interval, but also relates to stochastic perturbation and impulsive strength. Finally, an example with small-world network coupled discrete-time system is given to show the effectiveness of the main result.
Pharmacokinetic, oral bioavailability, and safety study of fluorouracil in patients treated with 776C85, an inactivator of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase.

PURPOSE To study the absolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of an oral solution of fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients treated with 776C85, an oral inactivator of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), and to evaluate the feasibility of administering oral 5-FU and 776C85 on a multiple-daily dosing schedule. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twelve patients with refractory solid tumors were enrolled onto this three-period study. In periods 1 and 2, patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 5-FU 10 mg/m2 on day 2 given by either the oral or intravenous (IV) route with oral 776C85 3.7 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 2. In period 3, patients received escalating doses of 5-FU (10 to 25 mg/ m2/d) orally for 5 days (days 2 to 6) with 776C85 3.7 mg/m2/d orally (days 1 to 7) every 4 weeks. Pharmaco-kinetic studies were performed in periods 1 and 2, and after the fifth oral dose of 5-FU in period 3. RESULTS Twelve patients completed the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies. Following oral 5-FU 10 mg/m2, the bioavailability was 122% +/- 40% (mean +/- SD), the terminal half-life (t1/2 beta) was 4.5 +/- 1.6 hours, the apparent volume of distribution (V beta) was 21.4 +/- 5.9 L/ m2, and the systemic clearance (Clsys) was 57.6 +/- 16.4 mL/min/m2. A correlation was observed between oral 5-FU systemic clearance and calculated creatinine clearance (r = .74; P = .009). Multiple-daily dosing did not appear to affect the pharmacokinetics of oral 5-FU. Neutropenia was the principal toxicity of oral 5-FU and 776C85, precluding escalation of oral 5-FU to doses greater than 25 mg/m2/d for 5 days every 4 weeks with 776C85. CONCLUSION The oral DPD inactivator 776C85 enables oral administration of 5-FU and may alter conventional 5-FU administration practices.
Cyclosporin A enhanced protection of nimodipine against brain damage induced by hypoxia-ischemia in mice and rats.

AIM To study whether P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) enhanced the protection of nimodipine (NMD) against brain damage. METHOD (1) After mice were given ip NMD alone or co-administration of CsA, survival time of mice were recorded following decapitation and ip injection of NaNO2, respectively. (2) After rats were given ip NMD alone or co-administration of CsA, 20 min forebrain ischemia induced by the technique of two-carotid occlusion plus hypovolemic hypotension. Following reperfusion of 1 h, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid (LA) and activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in cortex tissue were measured. (3) NMD level in brain was also determined after ip injection of NMD 2 mg/kg alone and co-administration of CsA, respectively. RESULTS NMD showed potent pharmacological activity in the three models. The survival time of mice by decapitation and ip NaNO2 were significantly (P <0.05) prolonged after co-administration of CsA. In rat forebrain ischemia/reperfusion, levels of MDA, LA, and LDH by co-administration of CsA were greatly modified, compared with those of NMD alone group. The level of NMD in rat brain was increased markedly after co-administration of CsA. CONCLUSION P-gp inhibitor CsA may enhance the protection of NMD against brain damage.
Spontaneous Cytotoxic Earthworm Leukocytes Kill K562 Tumor Cells

Abstract Earthworm coelomocytes may act as effector cells which destroy targets in vitro. In a 51Cr release assay, Lumbricus coelomocyte effectors showed lytic activities of 3–14% against K562 human tumor cells when incubated 1–4 hr at 23°C or 37°C. Cytotoxicity was correlated with effector: target ratio. However, targets were not killed by incubating them in cell-free, 0.2 μm filtered coelomic fluid. The supernatant from coelomocytes cultured alone failed to kill K562 targets but coelomocyte lysates were toxic to target cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Coelomocytes were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). When effectors and targets were examined under TEM, we found close apposition of effector granulocytic coelomocytes and target cell membranes but not with coelomocytes nor eleocytes at up to 15 min incubation. By SEM, effector cells appeared not only to be in close contact with targets, but instances of target lysis were observed. These results suggest that effector cell/target cell contact is essential for cytotoxicity to occur.
What's in a whisper?

Whispering is a common, natural way of reducing speech perceptibility, but whether and how whispering affects consonant identification and the acoustic features presumed important for it in normal speech perception are unknown. In this experiment, untrained listeners identified 18 different whispered initial consonants significantly better than chance in nonsense syllables. The phonetic features of place and manner of articulation and, to a lesser extent, voicing, were correctly identified. Confusion matrix and acoustic analyses indicated preservation of resonance characteristics for place and manner of articulation and suggested the use of burst, aspiration, or frication duration and intensity, and/or first-formant cutback for voicing decisions.
VEGF Requires the Receptor NRP-1 To Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-Dependent Dendritic Cell Maturation

To stimulate a productive T cell response, dendritic cells (DC) must undergo maturation characterized by heightened cell surface expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules as well as cytokine production. Conversely, the inhibition of DC maturation is a central mechanism of immune tolerance. The control of the DC maturation process relies on the integration of several cellular stimulatory or inhibitory signals. The soluble factors and their receptors controlling this central aspect of DC biology are incompletely characterized. We show that murine bone marrow–derived DC (BMDC) maturation induced by LPS, as opposed to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid or cytosine-phosphate-guanine, is robustly inhibited by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a previously identified immunosuppressive cytokine. Using BMDC from wild type and conditional knockout mice, we show that neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a known receptor of VEGF, is necessary to suppress LPS-dependent BMDC maturation. The absence of NRP-1 had no ostensible effects on the biology of BMDC in the absence of VEGF. However, NRP-1–deficient BMDC remained completely insensitive to the VEGF-dependent inhibition of BMDC maturation in culture. In the presence of VEGF, NRP-1 directly interacted with the LPS receptor TLR4 and suppressed downstream signaling through ERK and NF-κβ, resulting in a sharp inhibition of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD86) expression as well as proinflammatory cytokine production. Consequently, we identify NRP-1 as a target to optimize DC maturation within environments that are rich in VEGF, such as tumors.
Haemophilus parasuis and Glässer's disease in pigs: a review

Haemophilus parasuis is a common epiphyte of the upper respiratory tract of pigs. The factors of H. parasuis pathogenicity that enable some strains to be virulent and consequently cause a clinical disease have not been established yet. Fifteen serovars of H. parasuis have been described at present. Individual serovars differ in virulence, and considerable differences in virulence also exist within each serovar. Virulent strains can particularly participate as microorganisms secondary to pneumonia, cause septicaemia without polyserositis or Glasser's disease characterized by polyserositis, pericarditis, arthritis and meningitis. Clinical symptoms of this disease are highly variable. Therefore, culture detection of causative agent, particularly from the brain, joints and polyserositis is an essential diagnostic tool. The disease caused by H. parasuis can be treated with antibiotics; however, oral or parenteral administration of very high doses of antibiotics is necessary. The level of animal hygiene and animal husbandry are important factors for prevention of this disease. Commercial or autogenous vaccines can be used in the immunoprophylaxis of pre-parturient sows and their progeny after weaning. For the production of auto- genous vaccines, it is most effective to use isolates from animals with lesions present in CNS. Isolates recovered from arthritic and systemic sites of infection are less suitable and isolates recovered from lungs are not suitable at all because of their heterogeneity.
Quasi-distributed uplink interference coordination in co-channel HSPA+ heterogeneous network

Co-channel heterogeneous network (HetNet) where the conventional macro cells are underlaid with some co-channel low power node (LPN) cells has been recently introduced into HSPA+ to satisfy the rapidly growing demands for improving system coverage and capacity. However, the severe cross-tier uplink interference caused by applying the heterogeneous deployment will inevitably limit the uplink performance in HSPA+. Thus, the uplink interference issues have become a critical topic in this area. In this paper, we propose a quasi-distributed uplink interference coordination (QDUIC) scheme based on non-cooperative game with local restriction to reduce the uplink interference in HSPA+ HetNet. The existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium for our proposed game are justified in detail. Furthermore, to achieve our scheme in practice, we develop a feasible implementation for practical HSPA+ HetNet system. System-level simulation results show that our scheme can not only mitigate the uplink interference level, but also save the uplink power consumption and enhance the throughput performance of HSPA+ HetNet.
Treatment of acute hepatitis C in human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients: The HEPAIG study

Acute hepatitis C continues to be a concern in men who have sex with men (MSM), and its optimal management has yet to be established. In this study, the clinical, biological, and therapeutic data of 53 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected MSM included in a multicenter prospective study on acute hepatitis C in 2006‐2007 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The mean hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load at diagnosis was 5.8 ± 1.1 log10 IU/mL (genotype 4, n = 28; genotype 1, n = 14, genotype 3, n = 7). The cumulative rates of spontaneous HCV clearance were 11.0% and 16.5% 3 and 6 months after diagnosis, respectively. Forty patients were treated, 38 of whom received pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The mean duration of HCV therapy was 39 ± 17 weeks (24 ± 4 weeks in 14 cases). On treatment, 18/36 (50.0%; 95% confidence interval 34.3‐65.7) patients had undetectable HCV RNA at week 4 (RVR), and 32/39 (82.1%; 95 confidence interval 70.0‐94.1) achieved sustained virological response (SVR). SVR did not correlate with pretreatment parameters, including HCV genotype, but correlated with RVR (predictive positive value of 94.4%) and with effective duration of HCV therapy (64.3% for 24 ± 4 weeks versus 92.0% for longer treatment; P = 0.03). Conclusion: The low rate of spontaneous clearance and the high SVR rates argue for early HCV therapy following diagnosis of acute hepatitis C in HIV‐infected MSM. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin seem to be the best option. The duration of treatment should be modulated according to RVR, with a 24‐week course for patients presenting RVR and a 48‐week course for those who do not, irrespectively of HCV genotype. (HEPATOLOGY 2010)
Evaluation of tumor-derived MRI-texture features for discrimination of molecular subtypes and prediction of 12-month survival status in glioblastoma.

PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer. Four molecular subtypes of GBM have been described but can only be determined by an invasive brain biopsy. The goal of this study is to evaluate the utility of texture features extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans as a potential noninvasive method to characterize molecular subtypes of GBM and to predict 12-month overall survival status for GBM patients. METHODS The authors manually segmented the tumor regions from postcontrast T1 weighted and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI scans of 82 patients with de novo GBM. For each patient, the authors extracted five sets of computer-extracted texture features, namely, 48 segmentation-based fractal texture analysis (SFTA) features, 576 histogram of oriented gradients (HOGs) features, 44 run-length matrix (RLM) features, 256 local binary patterns features, and 52 Haralick features, from the tumor slice corresponding to the maximum tumor area in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes, respectively. The authors used an ensemble classifier called random forest on each feature family to predict GBM molecular subtypes and 12-month survival status (a dichotomized version of overall survival at the 12-month time point indicating if the patient was alive or not at 12 months). The performance of the prediction was quantified and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS With the appropriate combination of texture feature set, image plane (axial, coronal, or sagittal), and MRI sequence, the area under ROC curve values for predicting different molecular subtypes and 12-month survival status are 0.72 for classical (with Haralick features on T1 postcontrast axial scan), 0.70 for mesenchymal (with HOG features on T2 FLAIR axial scan), 0.75 for neural (with RLM features on T2 FLAIR axial scan), 0.82 for proneural (with SFTA features on T1 postcontrast coronal scan), and 0.69 for 12-month survival status (with SFTA features on T1 postcontrast coronal scan). CONCLUSIONS The authors evaluated the performance of five types of texture features in predicting GBM molecular subtypes and 12-month survival status. The authors' results show that texture features are predictive of molecular subtypes and survival status in GBM. These results indicate the feasibility of using tumor-derived imaging features to guide genomically informed interventions without the need for invasive biopsies.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies Inhibit Trophoblast Toll‐Like Receptor and Inflammasome Negative Regulators

Women with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are at risk for pregnancy complications associated with poor placentation and placental inflammation. Although these antibodies are heterogeneous, some anti–β2‐glycoprotein I (anti‐β2GPI) antibodies can activate Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR‐4) and NLRP3 in human first‐trimester trophoblasts. The objective of this study was to determine the role of negative regulators of TLR and inflammasome function in aPL‐induced trophoblast inflammation.
Kinematic analysis of a single link flexible manipulator

The present work investigates the dynamic analysis of a single link flexible manipulator with a tip mass using Tangential Coordinate System (TCS) and the Virtual Link Coordinate System (VLCS). The equations of motion are derived using the extended Hamilton's Principle. A third order polynomial trajectory is designed in the joint space. Numerical analysis is carried out for both types of coordinate systems and the total deflection is compared for both types of the coordinate.
Theoretical Analysis of Difference Between Edge-Based and Core-Node-Supported TACCS

Internet protocol (IP) networks need admission control mechanism to provide full-fledged multimedia services. Therefore we previously proposed an admission control scheme called the "tentative accommodating and congestion confirming strategy (TACCS)". The basic idea of TACCS is to tentatively accommodate incoming flows and then, after a certain period, determine whether accommodating them has created congestion. In this scheme, the ingress nodes of a domain make flow- accommodation decisions based on packet-loss event information. The information is assumed to be advertised from congestion detection agents (CDAs) located in the domain. However, adding CDA functionality to core nodes is a barrier to deploy TACCS and limits its scalability. Thus, we furthermore developed an enhanced version called "edge-based TACCS" that performs admission control on the basis of only cooperation between edge nodes- it does not depend on CDAs in the core network. In this paper, we compared the operation of the edge-based version with that of the core-node-supported TACCS and investigated a problem: some flows, which should be rejected in the core- node-supported version, could be wrongly accommodated in the edge-based TACCS. Theoretical analysis of this "rejection failure" problem showed that it does not significantly degrade flow quality, meaning that edge-based TACCS is feasible.
L’évaluation législative ou comment mesurer l’efficacité des lois

1. Du principe de legalite au principe d’efficacite : une evolution des legitimites de l’action de l’etat 1.1. La legitimation par la legalite Le principe de legalite postule que le droit demeure la base et la limite de l’Etat (art. 5 al. 1er de la Constitution federale). L’activite de l’Etat est comparee a ce que la loi prescrit. En cas de congruence, l’activite est legale, et partant consideree comme legitime. En cas de divergence, elle ne l’est plus; et un Etat qui persisterait a agir hor.