Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconfigured test architecture optimization for TSV-based three-dimensional SoCs

The technology of three-dimensional (3D) SoCs is emerging as a promising approach for extending Moore’s Law. Managing test architecture design and optimization of 3D integration are crucial challenges. In this paper, we propose a reconfigured test architecture optimization for 3D SoCs, including a novel scheme to minimize the prebond test time and Known-Good Stack (KGS) test to guarantee the yield of 3D SoCs. Experimental results on ITC’02 SoC benchmark circuits show that our scheme reduces the total test time by around 23% on average and nearly 30% in maximum compared with one baseline solution.
Intelligent Surveillance System for Human Detection

- “Intelligent surveillance system for human detection” focuses on video level processing techniques to identify human from video. Surveillance System have become increasingly popular in the globalization process. Intelligent Video Surveillance system based on image recognition is widely used to effectively help to provide security, safety and prevents many crimes. Due to the high Complexity in techniques such as real-time processing and image contents analysis/understanding. However detecting humans in images and videos still challenging task owing to their variable appearance caused by variety of clothes shadows, articulation and illumination situations
Development of a Wide-view Visual Presentation System in the fMRI Environment

Retinotopic mapping is one of the most important experimental procedures in brain mapping the human visual system. Due to technical problems in previous studies applying fMRI retinotopy on human subjects, which typically used a central and/or pericentral visual field stimulus (8-30 deg of eccentricity from the fixation point), retinotopic characteristics of peripheral vision in humans are still unclear. To overcome this obstacle, we developed the wide-view visual presentation system with a horizontal visual angle of 120 deg and a vertical angle of 120 deg using nonmagnetic optical fibers and contact lens for fMRI. In this paper, we introduce the functions and performance of this system and report the results of our evaluative experiment.
Design of slot antenna loaded with lumped circuit components

A design of slot antenna loaded with circuit components is presented in this paper. The antenna is accommodated at the edge of the printed circuit board and loaded with circuit components. Using the folded slot and loaded with circuit components can miniaturize the antenna area. The slot antenna is deposed into several sub-networks, and the corresponding equivalent circuit is presented. The design equation can be acquired from the equivalent circuit by using the resonant condition. The antenna is operated for both Bluetooth and WLAN applications at 2.45 GHz. The design procedure of the antenna will be described in details. The experimental results of the antenna are shown for validation.
Mutation of hydrophobic residues in the factor Va C1 and C2 domains blocks membrane‐dependent prothrombin activation

Summary. The binding of factor (FVa) to phosphatidylserine (PS) membranes regulates assembly of the prothrombinase complex. Two pairs of solvent‐exposed amino acids, Tyr1956/Leu1957 in the C1 domain and Trp2063/Trp2064 in the C2 domain, each make significant contributions to the affinity of FVa for PS membranes, but individually neither pair of amino acids is required for prothrombinase assembly on 25% PS membranes. In this study we characterize a FVa mutant with alanine substitutions in both the C1 and C2 domains: (Y1956,L1957,W2063,W2064)A. We conclude that: (i) prothrombinase assembly on PS membranes requires Trp2063/Trp2064 and/or Tyr1956/Leu1957; (ii) combined mutation of Trp2063/Trp2064 and Tyr1956/Leu1957 results in only a modest 4‐fold decrease in the rate of thrombin generation in the absence of membranes; (iii) the present data provide experimental support for the joint participation of the C1 and C2 domains in the binding of FVa to phospholipid membranes as suggested by the recently solved structure for FVai (A1/A3‐C1‐C2).
The Microarray Expression Analysis Identifies BAX as a Mediator of β-Carotene Effects on Apoptosis

Abstract: β-Carotene is a ubiquitous compound rich in foods. However, there are conflicting reports regarding its role in carcinogenesis. We performed a microarray expression analysis in normal [human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)] and neoplastic (melanoma A375 and myelomonocytic leukemia U937) actively proliferating cells and found evidence that β-carotene stimulated vital cellular functions in the former and suppressed them in the latter. These differential effects correlated with the expression of the proapoptotic BCL2-associated X protein (BAX), which was downregulated in HUVECs and upregulated in the two neoplastic cell lines. The quantitative expression analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction largely confirmed the inhibition of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) pathway-mediated apoptosis in HUVECs and its activation in melanoma and leukemic cells. The assays for apoptosis, detecting DNA breaks and caspase activation, showed consistent proapoptotic and antiapoptotic effects in U937 and HUVEC lines, respectively. However, β-carotene–induced expression changes of BAX and other BCL2 pathway genes did not lead to the predicted induction of apoptosis in the A375 cells.
Establishment of normal anatomical radial angles in cats

Summary Objectives: 1) To describe a radiographic method for determination of joint orientation lines and anatomical joint angles in orthogonal planes of feline radii; 2) to establish a range of normal radial joint orientation angles and anatomical axes in a feline population; and 3) to assess the repeatability and reliability of this methodology. Methods: The radial anatomical axis, elbow and carpal joint reference lines, and the intersecting angles of each: anatomical medial proximal (aMPRA) and lateral distal radial angles (aLDRA), anatomical caudal proximal (aCdPRA) and distal radial angles (aCdDRA), and sagittal procurvatum (SP) were determined on the orthogonal radiographs of 14 feline limbs. Intra- and inter-observer agreement was determined based on repeated independent readings by two observers using Bland-Altman plots. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the feline radii were: aMPRA 70.97 ± 3.38° (70.07 – 71.88°), aLDRA 91.72 ± 3.26° (90.84 – 92.59°), aCdPRA 100.5 ± 3.14° (99.62 – 101.3º), aCdDRA 79.95 ± 3.77° (78.94 – 80.96°) and SP 11.07 ± 1.87° (10.57 – 11.58°). The highest mean bias found for both observers was -1.6 to -1.8° for the angle aCdDRA. Sagittal procurvatum had the lowest mean bias for intra- and inter- observer. Clinical significance: The results obtained showed that the methodology used in our study was repeatable and reliable. The values established for the normal radial anatomical angles are relevant for future use as a reference for surgical treatment of angular deformities, malunions, non-unions, comminuted fractures, and future orthopaedic research. Supplementary material for this paper is available online at http://dx.doi. org/10.3415/VCOT-16-02-0033.
Innate immunity against hematological malignancies.

BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation relies on T-cell alloreactions for engraftment and the GvL effect. In HLA haplotype-mismatched transplants, extensive T-cell depletion of the graft is essential to prevent GvHD. This raises the question of whether mismatched transplants exert any GvL effect, and whether it will ever be possible to reduce the intensity of preparative regimens. Natural killer (NK) cells are negatively regulated by MHC Class I-specific inhibitory receptors. Mismatched transplants may therefore trigger NK-cell alloreactivity. METHODS The effects of NK-cell alloreactivity were evaluated in clinical transplantation and in murine transplant models. RESULTS In clinical hematopoietic stem-cell transplants, HLA Class I disparities driving NK-cell alloreactions in the GvH direction eliminate AML relapse and graft rejection, while protecting patients from GvHD. In murine MHC mismatched transplant models, the pre-transplant infusion of donor-versus-recipient alloreactive NK cells conditioned the recipients to BMT, and reduced GvHD. DISCUSSION NK-cell alloreactivity may thus provide a novel, powerful tool for enhancing the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation.
LT-RTPG: a new test-per-scan BIST TPG for low heat dissipation

A new BIST TPG design, called low-transition random TPG (LT-RTPG), that is comprised of an LFSR, a k-input AND gate, and a T flip-flop, is presented. When used to generate test patterns for test-per-scan BIST, it decreases the number of transitions that occur during scan shifting and hence decreases the heat dissipated during testing. Various properties of LT-RTPGs are studied and a methodology for their design is presented. Experimental results demonstrate that LT-RTPGs designed using the proposed methodology decrease the heat dissipated during BIST by significant amounts while attaining high fault coverage, especially for circuits with moderate to large number of scan inputs.
A Framework for Inter-Domain Route Aggregation

This document presents a framework for inter-domain route aggregation and shows an example router configuration which 'implements' this framework. This framework is flexible and scales well as it emphasizes the philosophy of aggregation by the source, both within routing domains as well as towards upstream providers, and it also strongly encourages the use of the 'no-export' BGP community to balance the provider-subscriber need for more granular routing information with the Internet's need for scalable inter-domain routing.
The association between visual field defect severity and fear of falling in primary open-angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE To determine if glaucomatous visual field defect severity is associated with fear of falling. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 387 consecutive subjects with POAG were enrolled in this study along with 293-ocular disease-free control subjects, who were screened at the same institutions. We defined mild POAG as MD of -6 dB or better, moderate POAG as MD of -6 to -12 dB, and severe POAG as MD of -12 dB or worse in the better eye. All participants were requested to answer a questionnaire on fear of falling. Associations between POAG severity and the prevalence of fear of falling were evaluated with the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Multivariable factors including age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the prevalence of fear of falling and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated with logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of fear of falling was 35/293 (11.9%) in the control group, 38/313 (12.1%) in the mild POAG group, 12/48 (25.0%) in the moderate POAG group, and 6/26 (23.1%) in the severe POAG group, and the trend was statistically significant (P = 0.028 Cochran-Armitage trend test). The adjusted ORs for prevalence in the mild, moderate, and severe POAG groups compared with that in the control group were 1.44 (95% CI: 0.83-2.51), 2.33 (95% CI: 1.00-5.44), and 4.06 (95% CI: 1.39-11.90), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with POAG, the severity of visual field defects is associated with fear of falling. (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm number, UMIN000005574.).
Molecular genetics of familial cutaneous melanoma.

PURPOSE A family history of melanoma is a significant risk factor for the disease, and recently several loci that determine susceptibility to the development of melanoma have been identified. The most important of these is p16/CDKN2A. We attempted to determine the degree to which the p16/CDKN2A gene has been implicated in the development of melanoma, and to identify other genetic factors that play a role as well. METHODS We reviewed the literature published since the isolation of p16/CDKN2A and identified 13 studies that report the status of the gene in melanoma samples and 12 reports that examine p16/CDKN2A in melanoma kindreds. We also reviewed associated studies on CDK4 and RB1 involvement in melanoma, and examined the role of p16/CDKN2A in other inherited cancers. RESULTS The evidence strongly implicates p16/CDKN2A in determining predisposition to malignant melanoma. Overall, approximately 20% of families that have been studied show mutations in the gene. However, because of clustering of sporadic cases in families, and potentially because of technical factors, this is likely an underestimate of the proportion of the genetic predisposition for melanoma that is due to p16/CDKN2A mutation. Rare families carry a mutated CDK4 gene that is also responsible for inherited melanoma. CONCLUSION The gene p16/CDKN2A is an important determinant of melanoma risk. A commercial test is presently available to assess the status of this locus. However, because of uncertainties regarding the interpretation of the results of p16/CDKN2A genetic testing, we do not recommend routine clinical use of this test at this time.
Trends in health care spending.

Health spending in the U.S. increased by 2.7% in 2021 to $4.3 trillion or $12,914 per capita. This growth rate is substantially lower than 2020 (10.3% percent). This substantial deceleration in spending can be attributed to the decline in pandemic-related government expenditures offsetting increased utilization of medical goods and services that rebounded due to delayed care and pent-up demand from 2020. Overall, health spending was 18.3% of GDP in 2021 compared with 19.7% of GDP in 2020.
Sustainable Development through Holistic Multi-Paradigmatic Integrated Modeling and Decision Making

Sustainability, sustainable development, and transformation are about balancing the economic, environmental and social aspects of organisations and their operations. Existing systems do not comprehensively support sustainable transformation nor do they allow decision makers to explore interrelationships and influences between the sustainability dimensions. This leads to silo based decision making where vision and strategies are not mapped to execution, and sustainability modelling processes are uncoordinated, lack holism, are biased and myopic. One of the critical challenges is the lack of processes and systems that allow the integration of models belonging to disparate paradigms in a holistic manner. To overcome these problems this research proposes a holistic, multi-paradigmatic, integrated modelling and decision making (HOMIMD) approach for sustainable development and transformation. We apply the HOMIMD processes, and requirements to a warehouse management problem and leverage optimization (AIMMS), systems dynamics (iThink), and data mining (SPSS Modeler) approaches, techniques, and systems to solve the problem.
Human ocular vasodynamic changes in light and darkness.

PURPOSE To determine whether changes in the retinal blood flow in light and darkness occur in humans. METHODS; The systolic and diastolic flow velocities were measured by color Doppler in the ophthalmic and the central retinal arteries in 12 healthy individuals in light and darkness. RESULTS In the ophthalmic artery there was a trend toward lower systolic velocity in darkness compared with that in the light, but there was no change in diastolic velocity. In the central retinal artery the systolic and the diastolic flow velocities were markedly increased in darkness. After re-exposure to light the systolic flow velocity decreased. CONCLUSIONS Darkness is associated with increased blood flow velocity in the central retinal artery, probably reflecting increased retinal metabolic demands by the photoreceptors.
Why screening tests to predict injury do not work—and probably never will…: a critical review

This paper addresses if and how a periodic health examination to screen for risk factors for injury can be used to mitigate injury risk. The key question asked is whether it is possible to use screening tests to identify who is at risk for a sports injury—in order to address the deficit through a targeted intervention programme. The paper demonstrates that to validate a screening test to predict and prevent sports injuries, at least 3 steps are needed. First, a strong relationship needs to be demonstrated in prospective studies between a marker from a screening test and injury risk (step 1). Second, the test properties need to be examined in relevant populations, using appropriate statistical tools (step 2). Unfortunately, there is currently no example of a screening test for sports injuries with adequate test properties. Given the nature of potential screening tests (where test performance is usually measured on a continuous scale from low to high), substantial overlap is to be expected between players with high and low risk of injury. Therefore, although there are a number of tests demonstrating a statistically significant association with injury risk, and therefore help the understanding of causative factors, such tests are unlikely to be able to predict injury with sufficient accuracy. The final step needed is to document that an intervention programme targeting athletes identified as being at high risk through a screening programme is more beneficial than the same intervention programme given to all athletes (step 3). To date, there is no intervention study providing support for screening for injury risk.
Diabetes, nutrition, and wound healing.

have diabetes with elevated blood glucose levels. How does this affect wound healing? Can nutrition help? A: Approximately 17 million people in the United States, or 6.2% of the population, have diabetes. Although an estimated 11.1 million people have been diagnosed, 5.9 million (or one third) are unaware that they have the disease.1 Diabetes is often undiagnosed because many symptoms seem harmless, including frequent urination, excessive thirst, extreme hunger, unusual weight loss, increased fatigue, irritability, and blurry vision.1 The 2002 American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Recommendations2 include criteria for confirming a diagnosis of diabetes (see Criteria for Diagnosing Diabetes) and new classifications for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), as follows: • normal fasting glucose—an FPG <110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) • impaired fasting glucose—an FPG >110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) and <126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) • provisional diagnosis of diabetes—an FPG >126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L).
In vivo identification of human cortical areas using high-resolution MRI: An approach to cerebral structure–function correlation

Understanding the relationship between the structural and functional organization of the human brain is one of the most important goals of neuroscience. Individual variability in brain structure means that it is essential to obtain this information from the same subject. To date, this has been almost impossible. Even though noninvasive functional imaging techniques such as functional MRI (fMRI) are now commonplace, there is no complementary noninvasive structural technique. We present an in vivo method of examining the detailed neuroanatomy of any individual, which can then be correlated with that individual's own functional results. This method utilizes high-resolution structural MRI to identify distinct cortical regions based on cortical lamination structure. We demonstrate that the observed MR lamination patterns relate to myeloarchitecture through a correlation of histology with MRI. In vivo high-resolution MRI studies identify striate cortex, as well as visual area V5, in four individuals, as defined by using fMRI. The anatomical identification of a cortical area (V5/MT) outside of striate cortex is a significant advance, proving it possible to identify extra-striate cortical areas and demonstrating that in vivo structural mapping of the human cerebral cortex is possible.
Accuracy of sonographic elastography in the differential diagnosis of enlarged cervical lymph nodes: comparison with conventional B-mode sonography.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of sonographic elastography and B-mode sonography individually and combined in the differentiation of reactively and metastatically enlarged cervical lymph nodes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eighty-five lymph nodes (metastatic, n = 53; reactive, n = 32) from 37 patients were examined by both elastography and B-mode sonography in this prospective study. Elastographic patterns were determined on the distribution and percentage of the lymph node area with high elasticity (hard), with pattern 1 being an absent or very small hard area to pattern 5, a hard area occupying the entire lymph node. The cutoff line for reactive versus metastatic was set between patterns 2 and 3; patterns 3-5 were considered metastatic. B-mode sonographic diagnosis was based on the sum of scores for five criteria: short-axis diameter, shape, border (regular or irregular), echogenicity (homogeneous or inhomogeneous), and hilum (present or absent). The cutoff line for reactive versus metastatic was set between scores 6 and 7; scores 5 and 6 were considered reactive, and scores 7-10, metastatic. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of B-mode sonography were 98%, 59%, and 84%, respectively; 83%, 100%, and 89% for elastography; and 92%, 94%, and 93% for the combined evaluation. CONCLUSION The combination of highly specific elastography with highly sensitive conventional B-mode sonography has the potential to further improve the diagnosis of metastatic enlarged cervical lymph nodes.
Antifibrotic effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline on bile duct ligation induced liver fibrosis in rats.

AIM To investigate the preventive effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) on bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. METHODS Liver fibrosis in rats was induced by BDL and AcSDKP was infused subcutaneously for 2 wk via a osmotic minipump (Alzet 2ML4) immediately after BDL operation. After scarifying, serum and liver specimens were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Sirius red staining, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot or real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to determinate liver functions, histological alterations, collagen deposition, mRNA expression of markers for fibroblasts, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). RESULTS When compared to model rats, chronic exogenous AcSDKP infusion suppressed profibrogenic TGF-β1 signaling, α-smooth muscle actin positivity (α-SMA), fibroblast specific protein-1 (FSP-1) staining and collagen gene expression. Col I, Col III, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 mRNA expressions were all significantly downregulated by AcSDKP infusion (2.02 ± 1.10 vs. 14.16 ± 6.50, 2.02 ± 0.45 vs. 10.00 ± 3.35, 2.91 ± 0.30 vs. 7.83 ± 1.10, 4.64 ± 1.25 vs. 18.52 ± 7.61, 0.46 ± 0.16 vs. 0.34 ± 0.12, respectively, P < 0.05). Chronic exogenous AcSDKP infusion attenuated BDL-induced liver injury, inflammation and fibrosis. BDL caused a remarkable increase in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total bilirubin, and prothrombin time, all of which were reduced by AcSDKP infusion. Mast cells, collagen accumulation, α-SMA, TGF-β1, FSP-1 and BMP-7 increased. The histological appearance of liver specimens was also improved. CONCLUSION Infusion of exogenous AcSDKP attenuated BDL-induced fibrosis in the rat liver. Preservation of AcSDKP may be a useful therapeutic approach in the management of liver fibrosis.