Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Des modes de relation entre la durée de l'identification perceptive et le temps de réaction verbale

Resume ; Dans de precedentes recherches nous avons etabli trois relations : 1) le seuil de reconnaissance (SR) des mots est plus eleve que celui de figures ou de dessins ; 2) le temps de reaction verbale (TRV) aux mots est plus court que celui des figures ; 3) l'existence de fortes correlations (.70) entre SR et TRV pour un meme materiel, ce qui est plus inattendu, compte tenu des deux premieres relations. Dans la presente experience nous avons mesure le TRV a des figures geometriques et aux mots qui les designent en faisant varier la duree de presentation. ; On constate une interaction entre le TRV des figures et celui des mots quand la duree de presentation augmente. ; A partir de ce resultat nous faisons l'hypothese que le TRV depend de la discriminabilite des stimulus, ce qui expliquerait les correlations trouvees entre SR et TRV. Nous proposons d'autre part un modele a base d'un double codage phonetique et semantique qui serait seriel dans le cas des figures et en parallele dans le cas des mots. Le codage en parallele des mots serait ainsi plus rapide que le codage seriel des figures quand une duree de presentation suffisante ne rendrait pas le TRV dependant du seul facteur de discriminabilite des stimulus.
Puumala virus dynamics in bank voles along habitat and community gradients

The majority of recent infectious disease outbreaks are zoonotic, i.e. caused by pathogens shared between humans and other vertebrates, and many of those originate in wildlife. The life cycle of zoonotic diseases is complex, and involves at least one non-human host. To adequately assess human risk, we need to understand relevant ecological interactions driving host and pathogen populations. Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) is a directly transmitted pathogen, carried by the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), and causes a mild form of haemorrhagic fever in humans. Using long-term data from a 100 × 100 km study area, my project aimed to improve spatial and temporal predictions of PUUV risk in northern Sweden. I was interested in how community interactions influence bank vole abundance and infection rates, in an ecosystem where several species recently declined. We found that either overall density or density of infected voles can be used to predict incidence in humans, and the predictor of choice depends on the seasonal relationship between bank vole density and PUUV prevalence. Also, bank vole density and distribution in the landscape at the beginning of a vole population cycle can predict peak human risk during that cycle, approximately 18 months later. To identify plots with infected bank voles, we developed and successfully validated a model based on microhabitat variables. Amongst others, important variables were related to cover, e.g. large holes, and resource availability, e.g. bilberry shrubs. Community interactions contributed to both host and pathogen dynamics, and we found evidence for the dilution effect, by which non-host species may reduce PUUV prevalence or host density. The decline in Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus), an important predator of voles, coincided with a long-term increase in the density of infected bank voles, and owls were more likely to prey on infected bank voles in less isolated forest patches. PUUV prevalence declined with common shrew (Sorex araneus) density, while bank vole density decreased as field vole (Microtus agrestis) density increased in clear-cuts. The present work enables public health professionals to forecast PUUV outbreaks and predict the spatial distribution of infected voles. Further, authorities and other stakeholders ought to conserve and promote functional diversity in the ecosystem, given the potential of competitors and predators to reduce human risk.
Consumer demand for meat in Finland

This paper focuses on meat consumption patterns in Finland. Empirical analysis for this paper was based on the micro data of three Household Budget Surveys: 1998, 2006 and 2012. A censored linear approximation of the almost ideal demand system (LA-AIDS) model was employed in the study. The major outcomes of the study were the demand expenditure and price elasticities that were obtained from the parameter estimates of five different meat products. Since the data lacked price information, unit values were used as a price substitutes, which gave some insights into quality-quantity upgrading. According to the results, pork expenditure was elastic and thus was luxury good during the study period, whereas ruminant meat and poultry were luxuries only in 2000s. In addition, the price of a good, household size, and income had a large influence on meat consumption. Additionally, other factors (such as age) affected the portion of the budget that was allocated to meat products. In order to obtain more information relating to the food sector, further research concerning disaggregate demand would be needed.
Assessment of Inflammation as an Alzheimer's Disease Predictor

Early detection markers for some diseases are becoming more reliable and prominent in the clinic. When first developed, the early detection markers and screening kits are usually cost prohibitive. As the technology for these tests advances, clinicians can more readily screen patients for diseases with improved accuracy and decreased invasiveness. We have known for decades that increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been a positive predictor of the development of cardiovascular disease [1, 2]. In type 2 diabetes (T2DM), A1C protein analysis in the blood has been a positive marker for the progression of the disease [3]. ApoE genotyping has been used to identify individuals at risk of late onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with some degree of certainty [4]. Researchers have been able to exploit these early detection markers to improve diagnoses and treatment options. However, in the case of sporadic AD, there are no predictive markers used clinically to improve disease prevention, diagnosis, or treatment options [5]. In recent years, there have been significant advances made in this area, and, as a field, we are moving closer to a workable solution [6]. One predictive marker or set of markers, to consider is the inflammatory state. In fact, recent advances in our understanding of the underlying genetics of AD and neurodegenerative disease may raise awareness that this particular aspect of disease is perhaps underappreciated as a potential diagnostic tool.
An Accounting of the Sources of Steller Sea Lion, Eumetopias jubatus, Mortality

During 1991–2000, the west-are additional mortalities that fueled the ern stock of Steller sea lions, Eumetopias decline. We tabulated the levels of reported jubatus, declined at 5.03% (SE = 0.25%) anthropogenic sources of mortality (sub- per year, statistically significant rates (P 8.2% partition the various sources of “additional” per year). Using a published correction mortalities as anthropogenic and as addifactor, we estimated the total non-pup pop-tional mortality including some predation. ulation size in Alaska of the western stock We classified 436 anthropogenic mortalities of Steller sea lions to be about 33,000 ani-and 769 anthropogenic plus some predation mals. Based on a published life table and mortalities as “mortality above replace-the current rate of decline, we estimate that ment”; this accounted for 26% and 46% of the total number of mortalities of non-pup the estimated total level of “mortality above Steller sea lions during 1991–2000 was replacement”, respectively. The remaining about 6,383 animals; of those, 4,718 (74%) mortality (74% and 54%, respectively) was are mortalities that would have occurred if not attributed to a specific cause and may be the population were stable, and 1,666 (26%) the result of nutritional stress.
Progress in Improving the Rate Performance of LiFePO 4 Cathode Materials

Olivine lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is considered as a promising cathode material for high power-density lithium ion battery due to its high capacity, long cycle life, environmental friendly, low cost, and safety consideration. The theoretical capacity of LiFePO4 based on one electron reaction is 170 mAh g −1 at the stable voltage plateau of 3.5 V vs. Li/Li. However, the instinct drawbacks of olivine structure induce a poor rate performance, resulting from the low lithium ion diffusion rate and low electronic conductivity. In this review, we summarize the methods for enhancing the rate performance of LiFePO4 cathode materials, including carbon coating, elements doping, preparation of nanosized materials, porous materials and composites, etc. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of above methods are also discussed.
Towards a Generic Framework for the Development of Logistics in Seaports: Lessons from the Busan Case

This paper presents a generic framework on port logistics development and its interaction with hinterland regions. Although prior work on the topic (Ferrari et al., 2006; Kuipers and Eenhuizen, 2004) offers valuable insights into the subject, it contains limitations in geographical applicability. Ports indeed face dissimilarities in, for instance, locational characteristics (distance from the sea and nautical accessibility) and hinterland connections. Only when a model for determining seaport-located logistics activities considers these issues of dissimilarity among ports, the framework could be applied to a variety of seaport ranges worldwide. This paper aims to provide a first version of such a framework. More particularly, by means of a survey conducted in the Port of Busan, the shortcomings of traditional approaches are illustrated. A more encompassing model is proposed, which seems to explain fairly well the attractiveness of Busan in terms of logistics activities. This framework explicitly adds port and hinterland characteristics to the list of factors decisive in the choice of the location of logistics activities. Lastly, the authors remark that their research on this topic is still ongoing and results for surveys planned in New York and Antwerp will be reported in a later stage.
Children preferences of coloured fresh cheese prepared during an educational laboratory

choices among young consumers are mainly driven by food preferences; in particular, a connection between appearance and acceptance of food has been highlighted, together with a gener al lack of knowledge of food processing. For these reasons, educational activities are important to increase scientific knowledge and awareness. the cheese-making educational laboratory described herein involved children, adolescents, and their parents/teachers in the preparation of fresh and naturally-coloured cheeses. At the end of the activity, both the colour preference and possible relation between preference and colour of cheese prepared were investigated administer ing a short questionnaire.
“ANGIOGENESE ET THERAPIE CELLULAIRE PAR INGENIERIE TISSULAIRE DANS UN MODELE D'INFARCTUS DU MYOCARDE CHEZ LE RAT ”

Nous avons investigué l'effet néoangiogénique du VEGF et des cellules progénitrices vasculaires (EPC) du sang du cordon ombilical, appliqués par ingénierie tissulaire sur le cœur de rat après infarctus du myocarde. Le VEGF couplé à un gel de fibrine et relâché de manière continue induit essentiellement une augmentation de capillaires dans le ventricule gauche après 4 semaines, sans produire d'hémangiomes. L'effet est plus prononcé dans les régions ischémiques des cœurs infarcis que dans le myocarde normal. Globalement ce traitement conduit à une amélioration de la fonction cardiaque. Statistiquement cela doit être confirmé en augmentant l'effectif. Ce type d'effet n'est pas retrouvé après implantation de gels de fibrine contenant des EPC car il n'a pas été possible de retrouver les cellules 3 et 8 semaines après transplantation, probablement à cause d'un manque de survie. Le protocole expérimental futur devra viser à identifier les cellules à des temps plus précoces. FAN, Hairong. Angionèse et thérapie cellulaire par ingénierie tissulaire dans un modèle d'infarctus du myocarde chez le rat. Thèse de doctorat : Univ. Genève, 2005, no.
Market driven innovation and entrepreneurial behaviour: The strategic value of a market orientation in primary agriculture

This paper examines the strategic value of a market orientation using concepts from the resource based view of the firm. We show that a market orientation can be a strategic resource as it is heterogeneous, imperfectly mobile, and is imperfectly substitutable. Using examples from both small-scale and large-scale production agriculture, we show how a market orientation can contribute to the awareness and implementation of new processes to improve performance. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of market orientation and firm strategy, along with a discussion of managerial implications and calls for future research.
A method for mapping the turbulence intensity and excess energy available to building mounted wind turbines over a UK City

Assessing the potential of proposed urban wind installations is hindered by insufficient assessments of both urban wind resource, and the effectiveness of commercial gust control solutions within built up areas. Evaluating the potential performance of wind turbines within the urban environment requires an estimation of the total energy that would be available to them were effective control systems to be used. This paper presents a methodology for estimating the excess energy content (EEC) present in the gusty urban wind, which is usually under represented when using assessments based only on mean wind speeds. The method is developed using high temporal resolution wind measurements from eight potential turbine sites within the urban and suburban environment. By assessing the relationship between turbulence intensities and the EEC, an analytical methodology for predicting the total wind energy available at a potential turbine site is proposed. Sensitivity analysis with respect to temporal data resolution on the predicted EEC is also demonstrated. The methodology is then integrated with an analytical methodology that was initially developed to predict mean wind speeds at different heights within a UK city based on detailed mapping of its aerodynamic characteristics. Additional estimates of turbulence intensities and EEC based on the current methodology allow a more complete assessment of the wind resource available. The methodology is applied to the UK city of Leeds as a case study and the potential to map turbulence intensities and the total kinetic energy available at different heights within a typical urban city is demonstrated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
E-Commerce of undergraduate’s perspective: The conceptual framework

This study was undertaken following the Online shopping behaviour is turning inevitably in this modern life due to the increase of globalization. Online shopping behavior is influence by perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PE), trust (TS) and perceived enjoyment (PJ) which is adopted from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). In a nutshell, the findings in this study concur with that of Davis (1986) that technology acceptance will bring effect on consumer’s intend to purchase via internet.
. Relations, commitment and satisfaction in agency workers and permanent workers. Employee Relations, 28 (

Purpose of this paper To investigate the level of organizational commitment in agency workers compared with permanent workers by taking into account relations between the two groups. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods design was employed comprising of a quantitative survey of 157 call centre workers followed by 29 qualitative interviews with permanent workers, agency workers and employers.
Effect of Different Chemicals on Seedling Growth and Biomass of Chironji (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.)

Chironji or Charoli, (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.), a member of the family Anacardiaceae, originated in the Indian subcontinent, is an excellent tree of agro forestry. It assumes great significance due to its multifarious uses and capacity to withstand adverse climatic conditions. At present, it is growing under forest condition as an under exploited fruit and gives monitory reward to tribal community of the country. The oily kernels are the most important part and are used in preparation of puddings. The kernel is highly nutritious and rich in protein (25-30%) and yield sweet oil, which can be used to substitute olive and almond oil. It is a medium size tree, up to 40-50 ft. height with a straight trunk. Trees have the alternate bearing nature as present in the mango. It flowers in the month of JanuaryFebruary and ripen in April-May.
Nebulous Art of Using Wind-Tunnel Airfoil Data for Predicting Rotor Performance: Preprint

The objective of this study was threefold: to evaluate different two-dimensional S809 airfoil data sets in the prediction of rotor performance; to compare blade-element momentum rotor predicted results to lifting-surface, prescribed-wake results; and to compare the NASA Ames combined experiment rotor measured data with the two different performance prediction methods. The S809 airfoil data sets evaluated included those from Delft University of Technology, Ohio State University, and Colorado State University. The performance prediction comparison with NASA Ames data documents shortcomings of these performance prediction methods and recommends the use of the lifting-surface, prescribed-wake method over blade-element momentum theory for future analytical improvements.
Latitudinal gradients of species richness: a test of the geographic area hypothesis at two ecological scales

The geographic area hypothesis advances area as the primary cause of latitudinal gradients in diversity. The greater area of tropical zones, it suggests, stimulates speciation, inhibits extinction, and leads to increased species richness compared to the situation in smaller temperate and boreal zones. Because bats exhibit exceptionally strong latitudinal gradients of richness at multiple spatial scales in the New World, they are an appropriate system with which to test the geographic area hypothesis. We used range maps for 250 species of New World bats to estimate species richness in biogeographic zones at two hierarchical spatial scales: biome types and provinces. We then conducted a series of regression analyses to evaluate the ability of area to account for latitudinal gradients in species richness. However, spillover (zonal bleeding) of tropical species into extra-tropical zones may mask the species-area relationship and alter perceptions of the latitudinal gradient. To address this issue, we conducted additional analyses excluding tropical species, using a series of increasingly inclusive definitions of tropical ranges. Ecogeographic zones of the New World are not larger at tropical versus extra-tropical latitudes. Moreover, spillover of tropical species into ecogeographic zones within extra-tropical regions generally does not diminish the association between richness and area. Nonetheless, the latitudinal gradient of species richness is strong and significant at both ecogeographic scales. Clearly, area does not drive the latitudinal gradient of bat species richness in the New World. In fact, area represents a source of noise rather than a dominant signal at the focal scale of biome types and provinces in the Western Hemisphere.
Integrated reporting and internal mechanisms of change

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the internal mechanisms employed by early adopters of integrated reporting in Australia to manage their reporting process and explores whether integrated reporting is stimulating innovative disclosure mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach - – The study was based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with organisations in varying stages of implementing integrated reporting. In total, 23 interviews were conducted with sustainability managers, finance managers and communications managers across 15 organisations. A content analysis of the interviews was undertaken using qualitative coding techniques. Findings - – While the organisations that are producing some form of integrated report are changing their processes and structures, or at least talking about it, their adoption of integrated reporting has not necessarily stimulated new innovations in disclosure mechanisms. This study did not uncover radical, transformative change to reporting processes, but rather incremental changes to processes and structures that previously supported sustainability reporting. Research limitations/implications - – A major limitation of this research study was the small sample of organisations and stakeholders that participated, and the single-country focus. Finance, accounting and strategy people were particularly under-represented in this study, as well as external stakeholders, and the conclusions can only be tentative until further tested. Practical implications - – This paper sheds light on the practices of early adopters of integrated reporting, and their learning could inform other organisations considering an integrated reporting approach. Originality/value - – As an emerging phenomenon, there are few empirical studies exploring integrated reporting practices and this paper provides some insights into integrated reporting in Australia.
Persistence of Seismic Rockmass Response to Mining

at particular rate, influencing the development of spatial and temporal correlations and interfering with the act of selforganisation. Some particular mining scenarios may therefore generate more favorable short term seismic response than others. It has been shown in one example of tabular sequential grid mining that periods of non-contiguous blasting of mining panels were associated with lower hazard than when blasting was done contiguously, irrespective of the rate of mining. Non-contiguous blasting at lower mining rate generated even more favorable conditions. These results confirmed previous observations of seismic rockmass response to production blasting associated with long-wall mining (Mendecki, 2001). The data sets also show the presence of long-term correlations, indicating the tendency for the local trend of lower seismic hazard to persist. It may be that mining scenarios that induce spatial heterogeneity prevent smoothing, de-correlate the system and are less likely to develop larger dynamic instabilities. Persistence of Seismic Rockmass Response to Mining
The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions

ABSTRACT Tannins represent one of the most abundant polyphenolic compounds in plants. Tannins exist as a multitude of chemically unique entities in nature. The most commonly occurring tannins are typically divided into two major classes based on chemical structure: hydrolysable (HT) or condensed tannins (CT). Hydrolysable tannins are esters of gallic or ellagic acid linked to a polyol core, typically glucose. Condensed tannins or proanthocyanidins consist of flavan-3-ol subunits linked together to form oligomers and polymers. Both HT and CT [. ]
Late Ordovician ? : A brief note

After the so-called “Cambrian explosion”, marine biodiversity peaked either in the early Late Ordovician (as shown by the “classical” curves based on the extensive palaeontological data compilation) or in the late Early Devonian (as shown by the “innovative” curve based on the sampling standardization). The brief review of the modern plate tectonic, palaeoclimatic, and eustatic reconstructions demonstrates that shelves, which likely provided the main space for biotic radiation, shrank, concentrated in the tropics, and were better connected in the late Early Devonian than in the early Late Ordovician. The results of the present analysis permit to hypothesize that there was more (or the same) space for marine organisms to reach their maximum in their number in the early Late Ordovician relatively to the late Early Devonian. This is the only particular hypothesis, and the other extrinsic and intrinsic factors should be considered in further discussions.