Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

A 13-year-old, obese, female cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) was observed in a 5-year neurobehavioral study and was humanely euthanatized for experimental purposes. During this observational study, the monkey was noted to ovulate only rarely (0–3 times a year), with a prolonged menstrual cycle length (up to 161 days), hyperandrogenism (androstenedione area under the curve in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone up to 27.64 ng/ml), and hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin up to 65.85 μIU/ml). This animal's body mass index was 65.46 kg/m2, with central obesity. On postmortem examination, the uterus was moderately enlarged, with an eccentric lumen and a broad-based endometrial polyp that consisted of complex glandular hyperplasia with atypia. Both ovaries contained many 2- to 3-mm follicles, without any corpora lutea. A diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome was made based on the clinical history, endocrinology, and gross and histopathologic findings.
Small islands, valuable insights: systems of customary resource use and resilience to climate change in the Pacific

Understanding how social-ecological systems are and can be resilient to climate change is one of the world's most crucial problems today. It requires knowledge at local and global scales, the integration of natural and social sciences, and a focus on biocultural diversity. Small Pacific Islands and the knowledge-practice-belief systems of their peoples have a long history of resilience to environmental variability and unpredictability, including in areas with marginal habitats and with periodic, severe disturbance (e.g., drought, flood, storms, and tsunami). We review the state of research on these knowledge systems as it pertains to resilience and adaptation, and we highlight critical research needs to address the interrelated areas of: (1) local-scale expertise and observations of change with regard to weather, life-history cycles, and ecological processes; (2) customary resource management institutions and practices (i.e., with agroforests and the nearshore marine environment); and (3) the roles of leaders, social institutions, and social networks in the context of disturbance and change. We conclude that these knowledge systems can contribute high-resolution observations, benchmark data, and insights into practices that enhance resilience and adaptive capacity in integrated terrestrial and marine systems. Community-based and participatory approaches can complement and ground-truth climate models and direct culturally appropriate resource management, research, and adaptation measures. Although most islands in the Pacific are small, their knowledge systems include valuable insights on seasonal cycles, ecological processes, and the management of biocultural diversity that are relevant at a broad scale for understanding resilience and adaptability to the social-ecological effects of climate change.
A QoS-aware I/O mechanism for jitter-free multimedia playing in smart devices

As multi-tasking has become the common feature of modern smart devices, providing QoS (quality of service) guarantees for heterogeneous applications becomes challenging. For example, if a real-time application like a movie player is executed simultaneously with other applications, jitters may be experienced due to resource contention among the concurrent processes. This paper presents a novel I/O mechanism to provide jitter-free multimedia playing in smart devices. To this end, the I/O paths of smart devices were explored and two sources of unpredictable latency were discovered. The first one is the garbage collection overhead of flash memory and the second one is the non-preemptive scheduling used in the software platform of smart devices. This paper resolves these problems by adopting non-volatile memory as the storage of real-time applications, and then performing non-blocking I/O for them. This mechanism completely prevents all possible run-time delays due to the interferences of other processes, providing QoS-guaranteed services for real-time applications. Tracedriven simulations show that the proposed scheme reduces the deadline miss ratio of a movie player by 40% on average.
Comprehensive Profiling of 8p11-12 Amplification in Breast Cancer

In human carcinomas, especially breast cancer, chromosome arm 8p is frequently involved in complex chromosomal rearrangements that combine amplification at 8p11-12, break in the 8p12-21 region, and loss of 8p21-ter. Several studies have identified putative oncogenes in the 8p11-12 amplicon. However, discrepancies and the lack of knowledge on the structure of this amplification lead us to think that the actual identity of the oncogenes is not definitively established. We present here a comprehensive study combining genomic, expression, and chromosome break analyses of the 8p11-12 region in breast cell lines and primary breast tumors. We show the existence of four amplicons at 8p11-12 using array comparative genomic hybridization. Gene expression analysis of 123 samples using DNA microarrays identified 14 genes significantly overexpressed in relation to amplification. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on tissue microarrays, we show the existence of a cluster of breakpoints spanning a region just telomeric to and associated with the amplification. Finally, we show that 8p11-12 amplification has a pejorative effect on survival in breast cancer. (Mol Cancer Res 2005;3(12):655–67)
The Harderian gland in autoimmune diabetes of the nonobese diabetic mouse

Infiltration of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse's Harderian gland (HG) was studied in 1–30‐week‐old animals. A mononuclear cell invasion of this gland is first seen in 8‐week‐old female mice (i.e., at a slightly later age than that for the onset of infiltration of pancreatic islets). Infiltrating elements are mainly located at the hilus of the gland or at one or two foci (periacinar infiltration) within the parenchyma. In the latter case, a few elements infiltrate the fibrous connective tissue surrounding the acini (one or more) without damaging them. The most severe histopathological lesion was observed in 16‐week‐old animals; at this time infiltration ranges from a still focal lesion to complete acinar destruction of the gland. Ultrastructural observations confirm that in several cases acinar cells are destroyed and the HG parenchyma is substituted with infiltrating elements, fibroblasts, and connective tissue. HG infiltration is comparable to the pancreatic inflammatory infiltration; the two processes are very similar, though insulitis starts slightly earlier than HG infiltration. Furthermore, as for insulitis and diabetes incidence, HG infiltration affects NOD males less than females. Moreover, immunocytochemistry has shown that T lymphocytes are the prevalent infiltrating element both in pancreatic islets and HGs. Further studies are required to understand the reasons for autoimmune destruction of this gland. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
INDEPENDENT EFFECTS OF FOREST COVER AND FRAGMENTATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF FOREST BREEDING BIRDS

The aims of this study were (1) to determine the relative importance of the independent effects of forest cover and fragmentation on the distribution of forest breeding birds, and (2) to test the hypothesis that the negative effect of forest fragmentation on species distribution increases with decreasing forest cover, i.e., the negative interaction effect of forest cover and fragmentation on distribution. The independent effects of forest cover and forest fragmentation on the distribution of forest breeding birds were studied in 94 landscapes, 10 × 10 km each, ranging in forest cover from 2.5% to 55.8%. For each landscape, percent forest cover was measured, and a fragmentation index (independent of forest cover) was generated using PCA from the measures of mean forest patch size, number of forest patches, and total forest edge. Presence of 31 forest breeding bird species in each landscape was determined using Breeding Bird Atlas data. The effects of forest cover and forest fragmentation on species presenc.
The Death of a Child With Diabetes from Neglect

This case report of a child with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) describes a naturally occurring ABABCA design. The A condition represents poor diabetes management provided in the home setting, and the B and C conditions represent improved diabetes management in residential treatment (condition B) or foster care (condition C). The A condition was consistently associated with episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, high glycosylated hemoglobin percentage, and school failure. In contrast, the B/C conditions were consistently associated with improved health status and school performance. On two occasions, the child was returned to condition A by the state's protective service agency (HRS) in direct conflict with the recommendations of the child's psychological and medical treatment staff. During her last condition A placement, the youngster died. Chronically ill children who are neglected may not receive the protection they need because of lack of awareness about the psychosomatic aspects of their problem.
Effect of Coronary Artery Occlusion on Regional Arterial and Venous O2 Saturation, O2 Extraction, Blood Flow, and O2 Consumption in the Dog Heart

The effects of coronary artery ligation on regional arterial and venous O2 saturation, oxygen extraction, blood flow, and oxygen consumption were studied in occluded and unoccluded areas of the hearts of fourteen anesthetized open-chest dogs. In seven animals, a coronary artery was occluded for 10 minutes and in seven others a vessel was ligated for 2 hours. Microspectrophotometric observations of small regional arteries and veins in quick-frozen hearts to determine regional O2extraction were combined with regional blood flow measurements with radioactive microspheres to determine regional myocardial O2 consumption by the Fick principle. Flow was significantly lower in the occluded compared to the control area at both times. The subendocardial: subepicardial flow ratio was reversed at 2 hours in the occluded area. Oxygen extraction was greater in the occluded areas. Oxygen consumption was lower in the occluded area. At 2 hours, the subendocardial: subepicardial consumption ratio was reversed in the occluded area, indicating a greater decrement in consumption in the subendocardium. Measurements of arterial saturation indicate an increasing number of blood vessels with O2 saturations below 80% with coronary artery occlusion. These vessels were found in all occluded areas. This would indicate a marked heterogeneity of blood flow within the area of occlusion. Some vessels may have normal flow and others low or no flow. There was heterogeneity of flow and oxygen extraction which led to areas with relatively normal oxygen consumption in the core of the infarct. CircRes 47: 400-407, 1980
The Passage of Maryland's Gun Law: Data and Advocacy for Injury Prevention

In 1988 the Maryland legislature passed an innovative law designed to limit the availability of certain types of handguns within the state. Pro-gun forces opposed the law and gathered the requisite number of petitioning signatures to refer the law to a public referendum on election day. The months preceding the referendum saw intense political campaigning over the gun law, with pro-gun forces spending $6.6 million, more money than had ever been spent in a Maryland political campaign. The handgun law was recognized to be a public health issue. This article reviews the activity involved in the passage of the law and the referendum, and discusses the role played by the Johns Hopkins injury prevention faculty in providing information to decision makers.
Operative Blood Loss Independently Predicts Recurrence and Survival After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Objective:To determine if the degree of blood loss during resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is predictive of recurrence and long-term survival. Background:Several studies have addressed the impact of blood transfusion on survival and recurrence after liver resection for HCC. However, the independent effect of intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL) on oncologic outcome is unclear. Methods:From our prospective database, we identified 192 patients who had a partial hepatectomy for HCC from 1985 to 2002. Clinicopathologic predictors of EBL were identified using logistic regression. Overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and recurrence free survival (RFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. Results:The median patient age was 64 (range, 19–86) and 66% were men. All patients had histologically proven HCC. The median follow-up time was 34 months (range, 1–297). Factors associated with increased EBL on multivariate analysis were male gender, vascular invasion, extent of hepatectomy, and operative time (P < 0.01). EBL and vascular invasion were independent predictors of OS and DSS. Only EBL was significantly associated with RFS on multivariate analysis (P = 0.02). Additionally, we found a significant inverse correlation between increasing levels of EBL and length of DSS (P = 0.01). Conclusions:The magnitude of EBL during HCC resection is related to biologic characteristics of the tumor as well as the extent of surgery. Increased intraoperative blood loss during HCC resection is an independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence and death.
Intranasal Insulin Prevents Anesthesia-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Chronic Neurobehavioral Changes

General anesthesia increases the risk for cognitive impairment post operation, especially in the elderly and vulnerable individuals. Recent animal studies on the impact of anesthesia on postoperative cognitive impairment have provided some valuable insights, but much remains to be understood. Here, by using mice of various ages and conditions, we found that anesthesia with propofol and sevoflurane caused significant deficits in spatial learning and memory, as tested using Morris Water Maze (MWM) 2–6 days after anesthesia exposure, in aged (17–18 months old) wild-type (WT) mice and in adult (7–8 months old) 3xTg-AD mice (a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)), but not in adult WT mice. Anesthesia resulted in long-term neurobehavioral changes in the fear conditioning task carried out 65 days after exposure to anesthesia in 3xTg-AD mice. Importantly, daily intranasal administration of insulin (1.75 U/mouse/day) for only 3 days prior to anesthesia completely prevented the anesthesia-induced deficits in spatial learning and memory and the long-term neurobehavioral changes tested 65 days after exposure to anesthesia in 3xTg-AD mice. These results indicate that aging and AD-like brain pathology increase the vulnerability to cognitive impairment after anesthesia and that intranasal treatment with insulin can prevent anesthesia-induced cognitive impairment.
Adenylate Kinase-catalyzed Phosphoryl Transfer Couples ATP Utilization with Its Generation by Glycolysis in Intact Muscle (*)

We previously suggested that an importance of adenylate kinase (AdK) in skeletal muscle is to function as a high energy phosphoryl transfer system regulating ATP generation in correspondence with its consumption by specific cellular processes. The present experiments are intended to define the ATP-generating system coupled to and regulated by AdK-catalyzed phosphotransfer in skeletal muscle and also to examine the relationship between AdK- and creatine kinase (CK)-catalyzed phosphotransfer. Rates of phosphoryl transfer catalyzed by AdK were assessed in intact, isolated rat diaphragm by determining rates of AMP phosphorylation with endogenously generated [-18O]ATP under conditions of altered anaerobic and aerobic ATP production. AdK-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer rates accelerated incrementally up to 12-fold in direct proportion to stimulated contractile frequency in parallel with equivalent increases in rates of ATP generation by lactate producing glycolysis. Stoichiometric equivalent increases of AdK-catalyzed phosphotransfer and anaerobic ATP production also occurred up to more than 20-fold when oxidative phosphorylation was impaired by either O2 deprivation or treatment with KCN or p-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenylhydrazone. These enhanced rates of AMP phosphorylation were balanced by virtually identically increased rates of AdK-catalyzed generation of AMP. This AMP was traced to arise from AdK-catalyzed phosphotransfer involving ADP generated by a muscle ATPase. Increased AdK-catalyzed phosphotransfer paired with the apparent compensatory increase in ATP generation by anaerobic glycolysis in oxygen-deprived muscle occurred coincident with diminished rates of CK-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer indicative of a pairing between oxidatively produced ATP and CK-catalyzed phosphotransfer. A metabolic model consistent with these results and conforming to the Mitchell general principle of vectorial ligand conduction is suggested.
THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL MARKETING ON EMPLOYEE'S JOB SATISFACTION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN JORDAN

The aim of the study was to examine the impact of internal marketing practices represented by the empowerment, training, leadership and motivation, on job satisfaction of Jordanian commercial banks. The target population of this study was employees of commercial banks in Jordan. A random sample was selected from this population. The data collection resulted in 203 answers from employees of commercial banks in Amman. The constructs in this study were developed by using measurement scales adopted from prior studies. The instrument was evaluated for reliability and validity. Statistical Package (SPSS) was used to test hypothesis. Based on the statistical analysis and the values, Training and development has the highest impact on employees job satisfaction followed by Motivation, Empowerment, Communication, respectively. Thus, there is effect of the internal marketing practices on employees job satisfaction. Provided the above results and statistics, and due to the critical economic situation in Jordan, and the expensive cost of living, taking into consideration that the human power is the greatest resource in Jordan, decision makers and managers have to give motivation their full focus and attention in turning their employees into their most reliable and permanent asset. And they have to focus on developing the different skills in the employees and encourage them to be creative and discover their abilities by assigning them in training courses that suit each employee skills or his/her interest.
Consumer Perceived Risk of Information Privacy in Mobile Commerce—From the Perspective of a Threat Avoidance

As the organic combination between mobile communications equipment and internet,mobile commerce develops faster and faster.However,consumer's most sensitive information privacy is faced with the threat that consumer's information is collected and used in an illegal way.Now,we use Technology Threat Avoidance Theory(TTAT) to find how the intelligent mobile phone consumers face the threat of privacy and what behavior will produce.The results show that,the more serious perception privacy threat of intelligent mobile phone consumers,the more sensitivity to privacy and the stronger threat that consumers will feel; Safeguard effectiveness positively affects avoidance motivation and safeguard cost negatively affects avoidance motivation; The consumer's avoidance behavior is triggered by avoiding motivation,and avoiding motivation is influenced by society,threat perception and safeguard effectiveness.
A multi-criteria weight of evidence approach for deriving ecological benchmarks for radioactive substances

Dose rate benchmarks are required in the tiered approaches used to screen out benign exposure scenarios in radiological ecological risk assessment. Such screening benchmarks, namely the predicted no-effect dose rates (PNEDR), have been derived by applying, as far as possible, the European guidance developed for chemicals. To derive the ecosystem level (or generic) PNEDR, radiotoxicity EDR10 data (dose rates giving a 10% effect in comparison with the control) were used to fit a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) and estimate the HDR5 (the hazardous dose rate affecting 5% of species with a 10% effect). Then, a multi-criteria approach was developed to justify using an assessment factor (AF) to apply to the HDR5 for estimating a PNEDR value. Several different statistical data treatments were considered which all gave reasonably similar results. The suggested generic screening value of 10 µGy h − 1 (incremental dose rate) was derived using the lowest available EDR10 value per species, an unweighted SSD, and an AF of 2 applied to the estimated HDR5. Consideration was also given to deriving screening benchmark values for organism groups but this was not thought to be currently appropriate due to few relevant data being currently available.
Exercise training improves peak oxygen consumption and haemodynamics in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and inoperable chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial

Abstract Aims The impact of exercise training on the right heart and pulmonary circulation has not yet been invasively assessed in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right heart failure. This prospective randomized controlled study investigates the effects of exercise training on peak VO2/kg, haemodynamics, and further clinically relevant parameters in PH patients. Methods and results Eighty-seven patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and inoperable chronic thrombo-embolic PH (54% female, 56 ± 15 years, 84% World Health Organization functional class III/IV, 53% combination therapy) on stable disease-targeted medication were randomly assigned to a control and training group. Medication remained unchanged during the study period. Non-invasive assessments and right heart catheterization at rest and during exercise were performed at baseline and after 15 weeks. Primary endpoint was the change in peak VO2/kg. Secondary endpoints included changes in haemodynamics. For missing data, multiple imputation and responder analyses were performed. The study results showed a significant improvement of peak VO2/kg in the training group (difference from baseline to 15 weeks: training +3.1 ± 2.7 mL/min/kg equals +24.3% vs. control −0.2 ± 2.3 mL/min/kg equals +0.9%, P < 0.001). Cardiac index (CI) at rest and during exercise, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, 6 min walking distance, quality of life, and exercise capacity significantly improved by exercise training. Conclusion Low-dose exercise training at 4–7 days/week significantly improved peak VO2/kg, haemodynamics, and further clinically relevant parameters. The improvements of CI at rest and during exercise indicate that exercise training may improve the right ventricular function. Further, large multicentre trials are necessary to confirm these results.