Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONAL SHIFT

DOCUMENT RESUME Gentner, Dedre Metaphor as Structure Mapping: Technical Report No. 488. Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc. Illinois Univ., Urbana. Center Reading. Office of Educational Research Washington, DC. Jan 90 G0087-C1001-90 27p. Reports Research/Technical (143) CS 212 184 The Relational Shift. , Cambridge, Mass. ; for the Study of and Improvement (ED), MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. *Adults; Cognitive Development; Cognitive Processes; *Cognitive Structures; Comparative Analysis; Concept Formation; Developmental Psychology; *Interpretive Skills; *Metaphors; *Young Children Metaphorical Thought; *Structure Mapping Theory A study used structure mapping theory to examine the claim that children can understand metaphors based on shared object attributes before understanding taose based on shared relational structure. The three kinds of mPlphor used in the study varied in whether the shaped information forming the basis for the interpretation was attributional, relational, or both. In the first experiment, 10 five-year-olds, 10 nine-year-olds, and 10 college students enrolled in psychology classes, produced interpretations of the three types of metaphors. The attributionality and relationality of their interpretations were scored by independent judges. In the second experiment, 36 adult undergraduates, 18 four-year-olds, and 18 seven-year-olds chose which of two interpretations (relational or attributional) of metaphor they preferred. In both experiments, results indicated that relational responding increased significantly with age, but attributional responding did not. Findings suggest a developmental shift toward a focus on relational structure in metaphor interpretation. (Three tables of data, three figures, and five footnotes are included; 39 references are attached.) (RS) **********************2. ************************************************ Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the origina) document. ********* **************** *** ****** *** ********** ************************ CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF READING Technical Report No. 488 METAPHOR AS STRUCTURE MAPPING: THE RELATIONAL SHIFT Dedre Gentner University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign January 1990 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 51 Gerty Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820 The work upon which this publication was based was supported in part by the Office of Educational Research and Improvement under Cooperative Agreement No. G0087-C1001-90 with the Reading Research and Education Center. The publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency supporting the research. 111mIlmallla --"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY D, Anderson TO TI E EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES 2 INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). " U S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION RESOURCES 0 Ma document has been reproduced as rece,yed from the person or orpanizahon originating it 0 Minor changes hays been made to improve reproduction quaky Points of 'new or °onions stated in this document do not nwssanly reptesent official orni position or polity.
Air pollutant emissions from ships : High Tyrrhenian Sea ports case study

In the paper is described, and applied in some case studies, a complete methodology for the estimate of air pollutant emissions from ships in port environment and in navigation. The following pollutants are take into account: Nitrogen oxides, Sulfur oxides, and Carbon monoxide, Volatile Organic Compounds, Particulate matter, Carbon dioxide. The paper introduces a schematic representation of ship traffie, from the point of view of consumption and emissions, subdividing the operation in: cruising, maneuvering, hotelling and tanker offloading. The emissions are estimated from daily fuel consumption, days spent in the different operations and average pollutants emission factors. The paper report regression formulas on fuel consumption at full power vs. gross tonnage (measured in line with the 1969 International tonnage convention) for each ship class and fraction of maximum fuel consumption in different operation mode. The following classification of ships by type is used for fuel consumption evaluation: solid bulk, liquid bulk, general cargo, container, passenger/roro/cargo, passenger, high speed ferries, inland cargo, sail ships, tugs, fishing. other. Default emission factors are introduced for steam engines, high speed motor engines, medium speed motor engines, slow speed motor engines, inboard pleasure engines, outboard engines, tanker offloading engines. Case studies of high Tyrrhenian Sea ports of Genoa, Savona, La Spezia, Imperia, Livorno, Marina di Carrara, Piombino and Portoferraio are discussed. The specific port studies has been realized in the frame of Regional Air Pollutant Management Plans.
Comparison of Uncorrected Visual Acuity in Patients of Keratoconus Pre and Post Corneal Collagen Cross-Linkage with Riboflavin (C3R)

The present study comprised of 20 eyes of 14 patients with keratoconus presenting at a single centre. The study was conducted to compare the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) in patients before and after Corneal Collagen Crosslinking with Riboflavin (C3R). Followup period was 6 months. A comprehensive systemic and ocular history was taken and a through slit lamp examination, UCVA, refraction, fundus, intraocular pressure, pachymetry and corneal topography was done. Corneal collagen crosslinking was performed and UCVA was checked at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Statistical analysis was performed and it was noted that the mean UCVA improved statistically as compared to the preoperative value. Hence, UCVA is likely to improve in patients who undergo C3R.
Effect of Silage Quality on Milk Production and Ogallala Aquifer Conservation Potential in the Texas High Plains

Agriculture production plays an integral role in the regional economy. However, the Ogallala Aquifer that supports the intensive irrigated agriculture and livestock operations is waning rapidly, which raises alarm for future sustainability of agriculture in the area. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of forage quality of corn and sorghum silage on milk yield per ton of silage dry matter. The traditional quantitative analysis and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are used. The DEA approach takes into account the comparative production efficiency analysis of corn and sorghum silage. The results revealed that there is a 16% more milk yield from corn silage due to better forage quality than sorghum silage. However, it is economically more profitable to feed dairy the sorghum silage. Improvement in crude protein, in-vitro true digestibility and starch content of sorghum silage will increase milk production per ton of forage dry matter. Considering both global and local concerns on water scarcity coupled with unpredictable climate changes, it is economically prudent to consider sorghum silage. Education on the true value of sorghum silage to the dairy industry can reduce silage production cost and save more water for future use in the Texas High Plains.
Heart failure subjects among Africans: Any contributions from coronary artery diseases? An electrocardiographic and echocardiographic analysis

Background: Despite the rise in risk factor burden for coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure among Africans, post myocardial infarction heart failure is rarely reported. Aim and Objectives: We aim to use major electrocardiographic indices suggesting old myocardial infarction and echocardiographic evidence of relative wall motion abnormalities to determine the possible contribution of CAD to the aetiology of heart failure among Africans. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Goshen Heart Clinic, Osogbo, Nigeria. Methods: 129 consecutive subjects with heart failure diagnosed using the Framinghams’s criteria were included in this study seen at the Goshen Heart Clinic, Osogbo, Nigeria. They had ECG and echocardiography among other investigations. Old Myocardial infarction (MI) on ECG was assessed using standardized criteria using the Third Universal definition of MI while relative wall motion abnormalities were assessed during echocardiography. Statistics: Statistical Package for Social Sciences 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 62.1 ± 13.7 years. There were 57 females (44.2%). Possible CAD was identified in 18 (13.95%) of study participants and they were more likely to be significantly older, had a lower ejection fraction , a higher fasting blood sugar and a higher left ventricular chamber walls dimensions compared to those without possible CAD. Conclusion: CAD may be a significant contributor to the aetiology of heart failure subjects among Africans and it is important to look for possible significant coronary atherosclerosis and treat appropriately even among Africans with heart failure. Concerted treatment for CAD risk factors is an important way to reduce the increasing burden of CAD among Nigerians.
Future Hydrological Drought Risk Assessment Based on Nonstationary Joint Drought Management Index

As the environment changes, the stationarity assumption in hydrological analysis has become questionable. If nonstationarity of an observed time series is not fully considered when handling climate change scenarios, the outcomes of statistical analyses would be invalid in practice. This study established bivariate time-varying copula models for risk analysis based on the generalized additive models in location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) theory to develop the nonstationary joint drought management index (JDMI). Two kinds of daily streamflow data from the Soyang River basin were used; one is that observed during 1976–2005, and the other is that simulated for the period 2011–2099 from 26 climate change scenarios. The JDMI quantified the multi-index of reliability and vulnerability of hydrological drought, both of which cause damage to the hydrosystem. Hydrological drought was defined as the low-flow events that occur when streamflow is equal to or less than Q80 calculated from observed data, allowing future drought risk to be assessed and compared with the past. Then, reliability and vulnerability were estimated based on the duration and magnitude of the events, respectively. As a result, the JDMI provided the expected duration and magnitude quantities of drought or water deficit.
EFFECT OF SOME HORMONAL TREATMENTS ON GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RHAPHIOLEPIS UMBELLATA SHRUB

A pot experiment was consummated on Rhaphiolepis umbellata seedlings grown under seran greenhouse at Al-Zohriya Garden, Hort. Res. Inst. , ARC, Giza, Egypt during the two consecutive seasons 2017 and 2018, to study effects of five foliar spray treatments of a mixture containing three growth regulators (PGR), at the same concentration for each, on plant growth and chemical composition. The three-tested PGR were NAA, GA3 and BA, while the five concentrations for each were 0 (control treatment), 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm. Obtained results indicated that, generally, all recorded vegetative and root growth traits; i.e., plant height, stem diameter, numbers of branches and number of leaves/plant, leaf area, root length and number of roots/plant increased significantly under the effect of all tested PGR treatments, compared to the control plants. The highest increases in this regard were recorded in plants sprayed with PGR at 200 ppm, while the least values were found in the untreated control plants, followed by plants sprayed with the highest PGR concentration of 400 ppm for the two seasons. The same trend was noticed in respect of leaf chemical constituents, as plants that recorded the highest vegetative and root growth (treated 200 ppm PGR) also contained the highest values of total chlorophyll and carotenoids (mg/g f.w.) as well as percentages oftotal carbohydrate, N, P and K in leaf tissues. Accordingly, it could be recommended to apply the mixture of these three growth regulators 200 ppm on seedlings of Rhaphiolepis umbellata, two times monthly during the growing season to get the best plant growth and quality.
Non-Strategic Voting and Social Networks

In classic voting theory, collective decisions are made democratically and on the aggregation of individual decisions. However, “Man is by nature a social animal. ”, citizens’ actions have social meaning and are justified in a certain social context, for that social context. Voting is no exception. In this document, we show how specific correlation structures among competent voters, represented by graphs, can have an impact on collective decision through peer effects or“learning”. We demonstrate that full information or full correlation and no correlation among voters are equivalent situations for collective decision for a given measure of collective decision performance. For small juries, we show the classic CJT may hold if correlation structures are sufficiently weak. Finally, we provide, for small juries (n < 5), a complete ranking of graphs or correlation structures, up to isomorphic transformation, given the simple majority rule and a simple peer effect rule. In terms of graph related effects, we obtained that the marginal effect of graph structure and intra-class difference were increasing as n increased. In contrast, the maximum effect of link creation decreased as n increased. We also showed that clustering and connectivity were not good predictors of performance but most maximal social networks had relatively high clustering. In the same vein, we brought to light that the edge-connectivity of a graph may determine which graph other than the star is the worst.
“Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Adults Patients: A Hospital-Based Study”

Background: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) account for 30% of all cancers in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, tobacco related cancers are very common because of the widespread use of tobacco. The paucity of any study from this region in young head and neck patients has prompted us to take up this study. Objective: To find out the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in young adults patients. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at Oncology Department, Enam Medical College & Hospital, and Dhaka, Bangladesh during January 2019 to December 2019. Data regarding tumor site, age, sex, education, habit of tobacco (smokeless and smoke), and betel nut consumption were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 19. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: About 75.1% patients were males. Among patients ≤39 years, 83.7% were tobacco chewers, 50.5% were smokers, and 83.7% betel nut chewers, and among >39 years, these proportions were 83.7%, 56.2%, and 78.7%, respectively. The most common site among ≤39 years and >39 were mouth (40.8%) and hypopharynx (36.8%). Among tobacco and betel nut chewers and smokers, the most common sites were mouth (40.3%, 42.5%) and hypopharynx (41.5%). The site of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was highly associated with chewing and smoking habit (P<0.05). Among illiterate patients, proportions of tobacco and betel nut chewers and smokers were 65.3%, 61.6%, and 67.9%, respectively. Conclusion: A positive association between tobacco use, male gender, and low education levels were found. The younger generation should be made aware about the adverse health consequences of tobacco use to reduce the preventable risk factors of HNC.
Non‐perturbative studies of N=2 conformal quiver gauge theories

We study N=2 super‐conformal field theories in four dimensions that correspond to mass‐deformed linear quivers with n gauge groups and (bi‐)fundamental matter. We describe them using Seiberg‐Witten curves obtained from an M‐theory construction and via the AGT correspondence. We take particular care in obtaining the detailed relation between the parameters appearing in these descriptions and the physical quantities of the quiver gauge theories. This precise map allows us to efficiently reconstruct the non‐perturbative prepotential that encodes the effective IR properties of these theories. We give explicit expressions in the cases n = 1, 2, also in the presence of an Ω‐background in the Nekrasov‐Shatashvili limit. All our results are successfully checked against those of the direct microscopic evaluation of the prepotential à la Nekrasov using localization methods.
HEART RATE RECOVERY CHANGES FOR HIGH CLASS CANOE SPRINT ATHLETES DURING DIFFERENT TRAINING PERIODS

One of the criteria for exercise intensity in sport science is heart rate. Reduced heart rate in exercise indicates heart’s ability to work more effectively. 12 high class flat-water kayakers (Latvian national team members) took part in this study. The main aims of the study were to evaluate the improvements of the heart regeneration rate and the functional condition of the athletes over the time period of 4 years - where all participant repeated a maximum oxygen consumption test on rowing ergometer 43 times (2-6 times per athlete). Heart rate recovery drop was obtained in the first 4 minutes after the maximum oxygen consumption test. For reflection on functional condition, speed on kayak ergometer at lactate concentration in blood values of 1 mmol/l and 3 mmol/l was measured (low-intensity load and submaximal intensity load). Speed on kayak ergometer at a blood lactate value 3 mmol/l show an average increase of 0.96 km/h (By Student’s t – test for related samples and Wilcoxon’s criteria). For heart rate regeneration Wilcoxon’s criterion shows an average increase of 0.46%.
Transmissible Cancer: A Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor during Pregnancy, Case Report

Canine transmissible venereal cancer (CTVT) is a transmissible cancer affecting dogs worldwide. It has the unique structural and functional capacity to be implanted from a carrier individual to a susceptible one to colonize a new anatomical niche. CTVT establishment depends on several factors including nutritional status, age and whether the dog is in a street situation or not. Here, we describe the CTVT generalities and the clinical management for a pregnant female dog with canine transmissible venereal tumor and propose an algorithm for clinical decision. The outcome of the proposed therapeutic management was the full clearance of the tumor with no relapse. Research Article Citation: Sergio Ayala-Díaz, Diego Alberto Vergara Medina, Marcela Lizano, et al. Transmissible Cancer: A Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor during Pregnancy, Case Report. Cancer Sci Res. 2018; 1(1); 1-4.
Verifying Baselines for Crisis Event Information Classification on Twitter

Social media are rich information sources during and in the aftermath of crisis events such as earthquakes and terrorist attacks. Despite myriad challenges, with the right tools, significant insight can be gained which can assist emergency responders and related applications. However, most extant approaches are incomparable, using bespoke definitions, models, datasets and even evaluation metrics. Furthermore, it is rare that code, trained models, or exhaustive parametrisation details are made openly available. Thus, even confirmation of self-reported performance is problematic; authoritatively determining the state of the art (SOTA) is essentially impossible. Consequently, to begin addressing such endemic ambiguity, this paper seeks to make 3 contributions: 1) the replication and results confirmation of a leading (and generalisable) technique; 2) testing straightforward modifications of the technique likely to improve performance; and 3) the extension of the technique to a novel and complimentary type of crisis-relevant information to demonstrate it’s generalisability.
Structural and microstructural characterization of tin(II) oxide useful as anode material in lithium rechargeable batteries obtained from a different synthesis route at room temperature

Received: September 25, 2010; Revised: May 9, 2011Tin (II) oxide has been proposed as potential anode material in lithium rechargeable batteries. Different methods to obtain such compound have been developed with relative difficulty due to the fact that Sn(II) is easily oxidized to Sn(IV). We have applied a different methodology to synthesize SnO-romarchite by modifying the solvent nature of the controlled precipitation route using acetic acid and not water. Although the formation of Sn(IV) oxide could not be completely avoided, X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the synthesis of metastable tin(II) oxide as major phase at room temperature. In depth analysis using Popa’s model for Rietveld refinement allows to precise that the material corresponds to small and distorted crystallites, very anisotropic in size. SEM technique confirmed the microstructure is build of flower-like agglomerates of ~15 μm, in turn made of plate-like individual grains that remind the crystallite structure anisotropy.
Truncated star formation in dwarf spheroidal galaxies and photometric scaling relations

Abstract We investigate the global photometric scaling relations traced by early-type galaxies in different environments, ranging from dwarf spheroidals, over dwarf elliptical galaxies, up to giant ellipticals (−8 mag ≳ MV ≳ −24 mag). These results are based in part on our new HST/ACS F555W and F814W imagery of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Perseus Cluster. We show that at MV ~ −14 mag, the slopes of the photometric scaling relations involving the Sérsic parameters change significantly. We argue that these changes in slope reflect the different physical processes that dominate the evolution of early-type galaxies in different mass regimes. We present N-body/SPH simulations of the formation and evolution of dwarf spheroidals that reproduce these slope changes and discuss the underlying physics. As such, these scaling relations contain a wealth of information that can be used to test models for the formation of early-type galaxies.
IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON MULTIPLEX NETWORKS AND SUPER PIXELS

Despite the large number of techniques and applications in the field of image segmentation, it is still an open research field. A recent trend in image segmentation is the usage of graph theory. This work proposes an approach which combines community detection in multiplex networks, in which a layer represents a certain image feature, with super pixels. There are approaches for the segmentation of images of good quality that use a single feature or the combination of several features of the image forming a single graph for the detection of communities and the segmentation. However, with the use of multiplex networks it is possible to use more than one image feature without the need for mathematical operations that can lead to the loss of information of the image features during the generation of the graphs. Through the related experiments, presented in this work, it is possible to identify that such method can offer quality and robust segmentations.