Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Approach for Energy-Efficient Clustering in WSN

Wireless sensor networks are self-organizing networks in which sensor nodes with limited resource are scattered in an area of interest to gather information. WSNs need to have effective node’s energy management methods for stable and seamless communication. Power efficient clustering is done in WSN to prolong the life of the network. In WSN, many algorithms are developed to save energy of sensor nodes and to increase the lifetime of the network. This paper provides an energy efficient clustering algorithm inspired by prophet routing protocol to enhance the cluster based operation of the nodes. Adaptive learning is implemented for head selection for efficientcommunication. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the mechanism.
Detection and Prevention of Leaks in Anonymized Datasets

With a wide spread of modern technology, person specificdata dissemination has beenincreasing rapidly,leading to a global concern for preserving privacy of an individual. Several principles like k-anonymity, l-diversity etc., have been proposed to protect the person specific information during data publishing. However, the presence of dependencies in an anonymized dataset may identify the individual due to the hypothetical nature of the adversary/attacker. This paper shows how the presence of these dependencies among Quasi-Identifiers (QI), Sensitive (S) attributes and also between QI and S attributes can lead to the potential identification of an individual using Bayesian Networks. A solution Break-Merge (BM) was proposed on the fly to reduce the attacker‟s inferring nature on the sensitive data. Experimentations show the efficacy of theproposed approaches.
Series and parallel switched inductors managing steady-state overvoltages in distribution grids with distributed generation

The rising amount of distributed generation (DG) connected to distribution grids may lead to overvoltages in steady-state. Reactive power provided by DG or inductors can reduce voltage. This paper investigates how series and parallel switched inductors can be used to reduce overvoltages at the medium voltage level. The issues of the inductor's size and position are discussed. Fields of application and required devices for an operation are derived. The effects on voltage level and voltage stability are investigated. The economic benefit is evaluated by a comparison of possible efforts to manage overvoltages. A probabilistic approach was used. The results show that series switched inductors provide a flexible and cost-efficient solution. The parallel inductors are more expensive, but still cheaper than conventional grid reinforcements. Compared to series inductors, parallel inductors can be used independently from grid structures and the spread of DG in the distribution grid. (4 pages)
Global patterns of woody residence time and its influence on model simulation of aboveground biomass

Woody residence time (τw) is an important parameter that expresses the balance between mature forest recruitment/growth and mortality. Using field data collected from the literature, this study explored the global forest τw and investigated its influence on model simulations of aboveground biomass (AGB) at a global scale. Specifically, τw was found to be related to forest age, annual temperature, and precipitation at a global scale, but its determinants were different among various plant function types. The estimated global forest τw based on the filed data showed large spatial heterogeneity, which plays an important role in model simulation of AGB by a dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM). The τw could change the resulting AGB in tenfold based on a site‐level test using the Monte Carlo method. At the global level, different parameterization schemes of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator using the estimated τw resulted in a twofold change in the AGB simulation for 2100. Our results highlight the influences of various biotic and abiotic variables on forest τw. The estimation of τw in our study may help improve the model simulations and reduce the parameter's uncertainty over the projection of future AGB in the current DGVM or Earth System Models. A clearer understanding of the responses of τw to climate change and the corresponding sophisticated description of forest growth/mortality in model structure is also needed for the improvement of carbon stock prediction in future studies.
Is Smaller Better? A Comment on “Comparative Economic Impact Analyses” by Michael Mondello and Patrick Rishe

In a recent article in Economic Development Quarterly, "Comparative Economic Impact Analyses: Differences Across Cities, Events, and Demographics" (November 2004), Michael Mondello and Patrick Rishe examined the economic impact of small, amateur sporting events on host economies. This response to their work suggests four reasons why ex ante economic impact estimates for smaller sporting events may come closer to matching ex post reality than those for "mega-events" including less crowding out, lower hosting costs, higher multipliers, and less incentive for boosters to published inflated figures.
Anchor Product Regulation - Retrospective and Prospective

Communications networks are undergoing a transition from copper to fibre, from 2G and 3G to LTE and from switched to IP. Where ex ante regulation applies transition involves particular challenges and trade-offs that differ from those applying to relatively stable pre-existing infrastructure. The rationale and approach to ex ante regulation should therefore be re-assessed to take account of network transition - indeed the desire for transition - as a policy goal. Anchor product regulation, an approach whereby an ex ante price control is applied to the legacy network service or to a sub-set of services over a new network, was first proposed in 2007 as an intermediate approach between a full cost orientated price control and no price control; and with network transition in mind. In relation to copper-fibre transition anchor product regulation, alongside non-discrimination requirements for network access, has been adopted by Ofcom in 2010 and in the recommendation on non-discrimination and costing adopted in September 2013 by the European Commission. This paper explores the motivation for anchor product regulation, its origins and its prospects.
Continuum and all-atom description of the energetics of graphene nanocones

Energies of graphene nanocones with 1–5 pentagonal disclinations are studied on an atomically detailed level. The numerical results are interpreted in terms of three different contributions to the cone energy: the disclination core energy, the bending energy of the cone surface, and the ‘line tension’ energy of the cone edge that originates in reduced coordination of carbon atoms situated at the edge. This continuum description allows for a construction of analytic expressions for the cone energetics and indicates different regimes of cone sizes in which cones with a particular number of disclinations are preferred energywise. An important result of the study is that the energetics of various types of cones profoundly depends upon whether the dangling carbon bonds at the cone basis are saturated by hydrogen atoms or not. This may be of use for explaining the differences in the yields of various cone types in different production processes.
Mean Flow in composite porous media

We develop probabilities and statistics for the parameters of Darcy flows through saturated porous media composed of units of different materials. Our probability model has two levels. On the local level, a porous medium is composed of disjoint, statistically homogeneous volumes (or blocks) each of which consists of a single type of material. On a larger scale, a porous medium is an arrangement of blocks whose extent and location are uncertain. Using this two‐scaled model, we derive general formulae for the probability distribution of hydraulic conductivity and its mean; then we develop general perturbation expansions for mean head. We express distributions and parameters in terms of mixtures of locally homogeneous block densities weighted by large‐scale block membership probabilities.
The clustering of the SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR14 quasar sample: structure growth rate measurement from the anisotropic quasar power spectrum in the redshift range $0.8 < z < 2.2$

Author(s): Gil-Marin, H; Guy, J; Zarrouk, P; Burtin, E; Chuang, CH; Percival, WJ; Ross, AJ; Ruggeri, R; Tojerio, R; Zhao, GB; Wang, Y; Bautista, J; Hou, J; Sanchez, AG; Pâris, I; Baumgarten, F; Brownstein, JR; Dawson, KS; Eftekharzadeh, S; Gonzalez-Perez, V; Habib, S; Heitmann, K; Myers, AD; Rossi, G; Schneider, DP; Seo, HJ; Tinker, JL; Zhao, C | Abstract: © 2017 The Authors. We analyse the clustering of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 14 quasar sample (DR14Q). We measure the redshift space distortions using the power-spectrum monopole, quadrupole, and hexadecapole inferred from 148 659 quasars between redshifts 0.8 and 2.2, covering a total sky footprint of 2112.9 deg2. We constrain the logarithmic growth of structure times the amplitude of dark matter density fluctuations, fσ8, and the Alcock-Paczynski dilation scales that allow constraints to be placed on the angular diameter distance DA(z) and the Hubble H(z) parameter. At the effective redshift of zeff = 1.52, fσ8(zeff) = 0.420 ± 0.076, H(zeff) = [162 ± 12] (r sfid/rs) kms-1 Mpc-1, and DA(zeff) = [1.85 ± 0.11] × 103 (rs/r sfid) Mpc, where rs is the comoving sound horizon at the baryon drag epoch and the superscript 'fid' stands for its fiducial value. The errors take into account the full error budget, including systematics and statistical contributions. These results are in full agreement with the current Λ-Cold Dark Matter cosmological model inferred from Planck measurements. Finally, we compare our measurements with other eBOSS companion papers and find excellent agreement, demonstrating the consistency and complementarity of the different methods used for analysing the data.
VEIN v0.2.2: an R package for bottom–up vehicular emissions inventories

Abstract. Emission inventories are the quantification of pollutants from different sources. They provide important information not only for climate and weather studies but also for urban planning and environmental health protection. We developed an open-source model (called Vehicular Emissions Inventory – VEIN v0.2.2) that provides high-resolution vehicular emissions inventories for different fields of studies. We focused on vehicular sources at street and hourly levels due to the current lack of information about these sources, mainly in developing countries.The type of emissions covered by VEIN are exhaust (hot and cold) and evaporative considering the deterioration of the factors. VEIN also performs speciation and incorporates functions to generate and spatially allocate emissions databases. It allows users to load their own emission factors, but it also provides emission factors from the road transport model (Copert), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Brazilian databases. The VEIN model reads, distributes by age of use and extrapolates hourly traffic data, and it estimates emissions hourly and spatially. Based on our knowledge, VEIN is the first bottom–up vehicle emissions software that allows input to the WRF-Chem model. Therefore, the VEIN model provides an important, easy and fast way of elaborating or analyzing vehicular emissions inventories under different scenarios. The VEIN results can be used as an input for atmospheric models, health studies, air quality standardizations and decision making.
Biogeographical modules and island roles: a comparison of Wallacea and the West Indies

Aim In order to advance our understanding of the assembly of communities on islands and to elucidate the function of different islands in creating regional and subregional distribution patterns, we identify island biogeographical roles on the basis of the distribution of the islands’ biota within the archipelago. We explore which island characteristics determine island biogeographical roles. Furthermore, we identify biogeographical subregions, termed modules.
Functional properties of bamboo/polyester blended knitted apparel fabrics

The functional properties of bamboo/polyester blended knitted fabrics, intended to be used for summer clothing, have been studied. It is observed that with increasing bamboo content the yarn hairiness and unevenness increase and the tenacity decreases. It is also found that the increase in bamboo content in the blend increases the ultra-violet protection factor, water vapour permeability and wickability. On the other hand, with the increase in bamboo content in the fabric there is a decrease in bursting strength, air permeability and thermal resistance. The fabrics loose their anti-bacterial property when bamboo is gradually replaced by polyester. The findings of the study suggest that polyester/bamboo blends must contain more than 80% bamboo fibres in order to retain sufficient anti-bacterial property of bamboo fibres in the fabrics.
Permittivity of sub-soil materials retrieved through transmission line model and GPR data

In this paper, we propose a new retrieval technique to estimate the dielectric permittivity of the sub-soil materials of a stratified structure. The core of the retrieval procedure is a proper electromagnetic circuit model representing the realistic stratified media as a cascade of transmission line segments. Exploiting the analogies between the electrical parameters of the transmission line segments and the constitutive parameters of the materials of the multilayer structure, the propagation of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) signal is equivalently represented as a pair of voltage and current waves propagating in the transmission line network. The effectiveness of the proposed retrieval technique is confirmed by proper experimental results. In particular, the retrieved electromagnetic parameters of the sub-soil materials are found to be consistent with the ones obtained by a direct characterization of the same materials. These results suggest that the proposed method can be successfully applied to the material characterization able to monitor several macroscopic properties of sub-soil materials.
Simulating spacetime with indefinite causal order via Rindler observers

Realization of indefinite causal order, a theoretical possibility that even causal relations between physical events can be subjected to quantum superposition, apart from its general significance for the fundamental physics research, would also enable quantum information processing that outperforms protocols in which the underlying causal structure is definite. In this paper, we propose a way to simulate specific spacetime with indefinite metric structure by exploiting the equivalence between stationary observers sitting in the vicinity of the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole and Rindler observers in Minkowski space. Namely, by putting a Rindler observer, who resides in causally definite Minkowski background, in a state of quantum superposition of having two different values of proper acceleration, we can simulate the experience of a stationary observer in gravitational field with indefinite metric generated by a Schwarzschild black hole in a state of quantum superposition of being at two different spatial locations with respect to the observer. In this manner, a pair of entangled Rindler observers can be used to simulate quantum communication protocols such as gravitational quantum switch or the violation of Bell’s inequality for temporal order. We also discuss the possibility of experimental realization by means of optomechanical resonators. Simulating spacetime with indefinite causal order via Rindler observers 2
The galaxy population in cold and warm dark matter cosmologies

We use a pair of high-resolution N-body simulations implementing two dark matter models, namely the standard cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogony and a warm dark matter (WDM) alternative where the dark matter particle is a 1.5 keV thermal relic. We combine these simulations with the GALFORM semi-analytical galaxy formation model to explore differences between the resulting galaxy populations. We use GALFORM model variants for CDM and WDM that result in the same z = 0 galaxy stellar mass function by construction. We find that most of the studied galaxy properties have the same values in these two models, indicating that both dark matter scenarios match current observational data equally well. Even in underdense regions, where discrepancies in structure formation between CDM and WDM are expected to be most pronounced, the galaxy properties are only slightly different. The only significant difference in the local universe we find is in the galaxy populations of ‘Local Volumes’, regions of radius 1–8 Mpc around simulated Milky Way analogues. In such regions, our WDM model provides a better match to observed local galaxy number counts and is five times more likely than the CDM model to predict subregions within them that are as empty as the observed Local Void. Thus, a highly complete census of the Local Volume and future surveys of void regions could provide constraints on the nature of dark matter.
Mode of Action of Yeast-Like Fungus Aureobasidium pullulans in Controlling Anthracnose of Postharvest Chili

Biological control emerged as a promising alternative in pre- and postharvest diseases control, such as chili anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum . Potency of Aureobasidium pullulans as antagonist in chili anthracnose has been demonstrated. Three isolates of A. pullulans were evaluated in vitro to determine its antagonism activity against C. acutatum , as causal of anthracnose on chili. Bioassay was performed through antibiosis test, formation of volatile compounds, chitinolytic activity, and hyperparasitism. Three isolates of A. pullulans were able to significantly inhibit the growth of C. acutatum through the formation of volatile compounds (VOCs). Two isolates of A. pullulans had chitinolytic activity. Microscopic observation showed that chitinolytic activity of the isolates causes the hyperparasitism in the form of lysis of the cell walls of C. acutatum hyphae.
A participatory methodology for large scale field trials in the UK

Farmer participation was essential in developing a uniquely useful set of wheat variety trials data on a wide range of organic farms over two years. Although the trials were successful, it became clear that some of the participating farmers felt there were some limitations in the process. These included a lack of ownership in the project and a concern for more researcher help. It was clear that a greater time in-vestment was needed at the start of the project to help with farmer understanding and ownership. De-spite the negative comments, farmers appreciated their involvement, particularly in contrasting their own views and information with that from the wider scene. Farmer participation is essential for systems-level research and this project helped to develop a small core of trained farmers and researchers.
Statistical mechanics of a cat's cradle

It is believed that, much like a cat's cradle, the cytoskeleton can be thought of as a network of strings under tension. We show that both regular and random bond-disordered networks having bonds that buckle upon compression exhibit a variety of phase transitions as a function of temperature and extension. The results of self-consistent phonon calculations for the regular networks agree very well with computer simulations at finite temperature. The analytic theory also yields a rigidity onset (mechanical percolation) and the fraction of extended bonds for random networks. There is very good agreement with the simulations by Delaney et al (2005 Europhys. Lett. 72 990). The mean field theory reveals a nontranslationally invariant phase with self-generated heterogeneity of tautness, representing ‘antiferroelasticity’.
IDENTIFYING THE PROCESSES MOST NECESSARY FOR ACHIEVING STRATEGIC GOALS

Globally, companies are attempting to develop leaner profiles and change faster in order to remain competitive. The pressure on the CEO and other executives to produce continued growth has lead to a continuous search for greater alignment of activities coupled with rapid change. This research in progress paper outlines a methodology; that is, using the balanced scorecard to identify ‘critical’ processes in ERP service organisations. This approach will provide, as one of a number of benefits, for a more efficient use of resources improving those processes which impact most heavily on achieving strategic goals. It exposes the problem area within organisations and uses ERP services as its focal research domain. The paper outlines the approach that is being taken by the research to deliver an industry focused solution.
The Longer-Term Effects of Management-Led Buy-Outs

There is now extensive evidence on short-term performance improvements in buy-outs, but little relating to the longer-term. This paper examines the relatively neglected area of the longevity and longer-term effects of smaller buy-outs. In terms of longevity, the evidence presented shows that the majority remain as independent buy-outs for at least eight years after the transaction, and that entrepreneurial actions concerning both restructuring and product innovation are important parts of entrepreneurs' strategies over a ten year period or more. For the first time, the paper also provides an analysis of the financial performance and productivity of a large sample of buy-outs and non-buyouts. It shows that on a variety of financial ratios buy-outs significantly outperform a matched sample of non-buy-outs, especially from year 3 onwards. Analysis of post buyout efficiency of survivor buy-outs, using regression analysis to estimate augmented Cobb-Douglas production functions, shows that buy-outs are superior to matched nonbuy-outs with a productivity differential of the order of 9% on average from year t+2 onwards. The evidence of superior longer term performance suggests that venture capitalists may need to consider their investment perspectives carefully, particularly in respect of exit versus second round investment. For financiers it is clear that the buy-out concept can be successfully applied to growth as well as restructuring cases.