Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wake Potentials of a Relativistic Point Charge Crossing a Beam-Pipe Gap: An Analytical Approximation

Although much work has been devoted recently to the numerical calculation of wake potentials, there is at present no analytical expression for the wake of a point charge crossing a gap in a beam-pipe of finite diameter. For a relativistic charge the wake potential can be computed in a simple manner from an integral over the electric field at the radius of the beampipe. In the case of a pill-box cavity, our basic assumptions are that the resonant frequencies and the field at the radius of the beam-pipe are essentially the same as in a cavity without beam hole. The summation over the infinity of modes can still be carried out as far as reflections from the outer cavity wall do not contribute; this is sufficient to compute the total loss for short bunches.
Principal Patern Mining on Graphs

Given a graph, can we find a set of patterns, of which the cost of storing these patterns is economic (or satisfying specific user needs) but their coverage includes the entire graph? We denote these patterns by principal patterns of the given graph since they can be regarded as its composition elements, which can be a signature for summarizing a graph of various sizes. Note that different principal patterns can contribute different sizes of graph coverage so they are not necessarily the frequent patterns. In this paper, we show that the recursive method can obtain the optimal solution while the greedy algorithms can find approximations with lower time complexity. Furthermore, we propose an effective pruning method that can be combined with both algorithms such that the mining process is even more efficient and scalable. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithms can efficiently and effectively discover the principal patterns.
Anatomia comparada do lenho de Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) em fisionomias de cerradão e cerrado sensu stricto

Este trabalho verificou a influencia das condicoes ambientais na estrutura do xilema secundario da especie Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (pequizeiro) atraves de um estudo anatomico comparado do lenho de arvores procedentes de fisionomias de cerradao e cerrado s.s. , no municipio de Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP. As caracteristicas do lenho foram analisadas qualitativa e quantitativamente, sendo as ultimas comparadas pela analise de variância, bem como por analises multivariadas de agrupamentos e componentes principais. A analise de variância demonstrou existir diferencas significativas para oito das dezesseis variaveis analisadas, bem como uma grande variacao entre arvores da mesma localidade, aspecto corroborado pela analise de agrupamentos. A matriz de correlacao entre variaveis indicou, de modo geral, relacoes inversas entre dimensoes longitudinais e radiais dos elementos anatomicos. Pode-se inferir pela variabilidade significativa entre arvores que a diferenciacao das fisionomias ocorre de forma gradual, nao se observando um conjunto de caracteristicas anatomicas suficientemente marcantes que tipifiquem as fisionomias estudadas.
On the fixation probability of mutant genes in a subdivided population.

Following Moran's (1962) method, it was shown that the fixation probability of a mutant gene is not altered by the subdivision of a population into partially isolated colonies, if the following conditions are met; fitness is additive, samplings and selection is done separately in each colony, and migration between colonies does not change the gene frequency in the whole population. This conclusion was checked by simulation experiments.
Increased bactericidal activity of dilute preparations of povidone-iodine solutions

Recent confirmation of intrinsic bacterial contamination of 10% povidone-iodine solution has raised questions regarding the bactericidal mechanism of iodophors and the possibility for survival of vegetative bacterial cells in iodophor solutions. In this laboratory investigation, five different species were exposed to various dilutions of three commercial preparations of 10% povidone-iodine solution; survival was assessed after exposure for time periods varying between 0 and 8 min. All brands of povidone-iodine solution tested demonstrated more rapid killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium chelonei at dilutions of 1:2, 1:4, 1:10, 1:50, and 1:100 than did the stock solutions, S. aureus survived a 2-min exposure to full-strength povidone-iodine solution but did not survive a 15-s exposure to a 1:100 dilution of the iodophor. Both stock and dilute preparations of 10% povidone-iodine solution demonstrated rapid bactericidal action against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas cepacia, and Streptococcus mitis.
[Effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on cartilage oligomeric matrix protein expression in chondrocytes].

OBJECTIVE To quantitatively evaluate the effects of BMP-2 on the COMP gene expression in both primary human chondrocytes and chondrogenic cell line ATDC55. METHODS Human adult and fetal chondrocytes were stimulated by BMP-2. The COMP gene expression level was analyzed by real time reverse transcription-PCR assay and normalized to a reference mRNA (GAPDH). Next, a full-length mCOMP promoter cloned upstream of luciferase reporter gene was transfected into ATDC55 cells and stimulated by 500 micrograms.L-1 BMP-2 in the presence or absence of 10 micrograms.L-1 of Noggin. RESULTS We found that BMP-2 up-regulated COMP gene expression by approximate 3 folds in human adult chondrocytes, and 1.5 folds in human fetal chondrocytes. The difference in magnitude of COMP gene stimulation by BMP-2 might attribute to the difference of COMP gene basal expression level in chondrocytes from different sources because it was found that the COMP gene expression was 2 folds higher in quiescent fetal chondrocytes than in adult chondrocytes. For further analysis of the effect of BMP-2 on COMP gene expression by RT-PCR, a rat chondrogenic cell line of ATDC55 cells was used. While no COMP gene expression was detected in unstimulated cells, COMP expression was significantly induced after treatment with BMP-2. This induction could be specifically blocked by 10 micrograms.L-1 of Noggin. It was found that BMP-2 markedly increased the luciferase reporter activity by about 5 folds and again, Noggin specifically blocked the BMP-2 activity. CONCLUSION BMP-2 up-regulates the COMP gene expression in both primary human chondrocytes and chondrogenic cell line ATDC55.
Leadership emergence over time in short-lived groups: Integrating expectations states theory with temporal person-perception and self-serving bias.

Research into leadership emergence typically focuses on the attributes of the emergent leader. By considering also the attributes of perceivers and the passage of time, we develop a more complete theory of leadership emergence in short-lived groups. Using expectation states theory as an overarching theoretical framework, and integrating it with the surface- and deep-level diversity literature and with theories of self-serving biases, we examine the predictors of leadership emergence in short timeframes. We conduct a field study in a military assessment boot camp (a pilot study, n = 60; and a main study, n = 89). We use cross-sectional and longitudinal exponential random graph models to analyze data on participants' abilities and on their perceptions of who, in their respective groups, were "leaders. " We find that the criteria by which people perceive leadership in others change over time, from easily noticeable attributes to covert leadership-relevant attributes, and that people also rely on leadership-relevant attributes that they possess at high levels to inform their perceptions of leadership in others. The integration of expectation states theory, attribute salience over time and theories of self-serving bias is needed for a full understanding of leadership emergence in groups, because perceivers' own abilities are instrumental in shaping their perceptions of emergent leadership over time. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
SAMSON: Simulation supported traffic training environment

Since the publication of the first FTIR multi-touch interaction system [1], the public attention for the field of Single Display Groupware (SDG) has been rising constantly. Lately, former SDG systems with multi-interaction capabilities like DiamondTouch [2], reacTable [3], or Microsoft Surface [4] have been followed by promising systems, i.e. ThinSight [5] and MightyTrace [6]. The latter integrate their tracking technology into commercial liquid crystal displays (LCD), and thus drastically reduce the space requirements. Some recently published work [7] also conveys a trend to support industrial-oriented tasks as systems like BUILDIT [8] did some time ago. We present a traffic training simulator concept based on discrete event simulation to ensure realistic traffic behavior, adequate visualization, and a user centered interaction concept on an SDG system to support training activities for policemen. Within this environment, policemen are able to train their behavior and the adequate choices under different traffic situations much like other professionals train their standard procedures, e.g. pilots in a flight simulator. Such a training environment will give the possibility to learn offline about important characteristics of intersections based on historical data like system stability, incident handling, or additional improvement potential.
Rumen flow dynamics and voluntary intake in ruminants.

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. RUMEN FLOW DYNAMICS AND VOLUNTARY INTAKE IN RUMINANTS H.H. Meissner, J.P. Pienaar, L.H. P. Liebenberg, C.Z. Roux
Mise en place de référentiels morphologiques du développement de la fleur et de la graine chez la chicorée (Cichorium intybus L., Asteraceae)

Dans le but de fournir une base de reference utile pour les etudes relatives au developpement de la fleur et de la graine chez Cichorium intybus, le developpement normal de la fleur, de l’akene et de la graine a ete analyse histologiquement. A l’aide du referentiel etabli pour le developpement floral normal, nous avons pu montrer que la sterilite mâle nucleaire de type « Edith » observee chez la chicoree est associee a des perturbations dans les cellules du tapis et de la couche moyenne ainsi qu’a une degenerescence des microspores qui a lieu apres la formation des tetrades meiotiques. Les ressemblances histologiques entre le mâle sterile « Edith » avec certains mutants d’Arabidopsis thaliana et du riz ont servi dans le choix de genes candidats lors de l’etude moleculaire de cette sterilite mâle. D’autre part, la sterilite mâle cytoplasmique nommee «524» creee par fusion de protoplastes de tournesol mâle sterile et de chicoree fertile, a aussi ete analysee histologiquement. Lors du developpement floral chez le mâle sterile « 524 », la degenerescence des microspores commence avant la premiere mitose pollinique, si bien qu’a l’anthese les grains de pollen sont vides; l’anthere reste indehiscente et ratatinee et les parois des cellules de l’endothecium n’ont pas l’epaississement lignifie caracteristique de ce tissu. Par ailleurs, la caracterisation morphologique du developpement floral chez les plantes portant le cytoplasme « 524 » nous a permis de mettre en evidence l’existence d’un mecanisme de restauration de la fertilite mais dont la nature genetique reste a determiner. Pour le developpement de l’akene et de la graine, la chronologie des evenements ainsi que la caracterisation morphologique et physiologique des differents stades du developpement de l’akene et de la graine ont revele l’existence d’une variabilite genetique pour la duree du developpement de l’akene et la graine chez la chicoree. Le referentiel du developpement de l’akene et de l’embryon zygotique pourra servir notamment aux analyses d’expression des genes candidats qui ont ete identifies pendant les etudes anterieures sur l’embryogenese somatique chez la chicoree.
Chasing shuabang in apps stores

There are well-known attack techniques that threaten current apps stores. However, the complexity of these environments and their high rate of variability have prevented any effective analysis aimed at mitigating the effects of these threats. In this paper, the analysis performed over one of these techniques, Shuabang, is introduced. The completion of this analysis has been supported by a new tool that facilitates the correlation of large amounts of information from different apps stores.
Relationship between Oral Sensitivity and Masticatory Performance

The size of a bolus determines how it will be manipulated in the mouth and swallowed. We hypothesized that mucosal sensitivity would be important for masticatory function. The accuracy of solid object size perception, spatial acuity, and food particle size reduction during mastication were measured in 22 healthy adults with/without topical anesthesia of their oral mucosa. Topical anesthesia had no effect on the perception of sphere sizes, but significantly reduced spatial sensitivity. Without anesthesia, there was a correlation between an individual’s ability to perceive the sizes of steel spheres (diameter, 4–9 mm) and the sizes of food particles chewed for 15 cycles and at swallowing. There was no correlation between spatial sensitivity and food particle size. We suggest that the stimuli used to test two-point discrimination stimulates only superficial receptors, which involve light touch and are easily anesthetized, while the spheres might excite more deeply-set receptors. The latter appear to be more important for masticatory performance and swallowing.
Analysis of Dual-Infeed HVDC With LCC–HVDC and VSC–HVDC

The impact of a voltage source converter-based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) infeed on a line-commutated converter-based HVDC infeed (LCC-HVDC) at the same busbar is investigated. Steady-state aspects such as the maximum available power (MAP) as well as transient aspects such as temporary overvoltage (TOV) and commutation failure immunity index are considered in the analysis. The results show that VSC-HVDC improves the maximum available power, reduces TOV, and makes the LCC-HVDC less susceptible to commutation failure. The resulting improvement in performance of the LCC-HVDC is quantified by a proposed “apparent increase in short circuit ratio” (AISCR) index. AISCR is a measure of the increase in short-circuit ratio for the LCC-HVDC that would be necessary in the absence of the VSC-HVDC link to obtain similar performance. The analytical results are validated by a detailed electromagnetic transient simulation.
Cloning and Characterization of Chromosomal Markers from a Cot-1 Library of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

The cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea (AABB, 2n = 40), is an allotetraploid which was probably originated from a hybridization event between 2 ancestors, A. duranensis (A genome) and A. ipaensis (B genome) followed by chromosome doubling. The wild species in the Arachis section are useful genetic resources for genes that confer biotic and abiotic stress resistance for peanut breeding. However, the resource is not well exploited because little information on the genetic, cytogenetic, and phylogenetic relationships between cultivated peanut and its wild relatives is known. Characterization of its chromosome components will benefit the understanding of these issues. But the paucity of information on the DNA sequence and the presence of morphologically similar chromosomes impede the construction of a detailed karyotype for peanut chromosome identification. In our study, a peanut Cot-1 library was constructed to isolate highly and moderately repetitive sequences from the cultivated peanut, and the chromosomal distributions of these repeats were investigated. Both genome and chromosome specific markers were identified that allowed the distinguishing of A and B genomes in tetraploid peanut and a possible karyotyping of peanut chromosomes by FISH. In particular, a 115-bp tandem repetitive sequence was identified to be a possible centromere repetitive DNA, mainly localized in the centromeres of B chromosomes, and a partial retrotransposable element was also identified in the centromeres of B chromosomes. The cloning and characterization of various chromosomal markers is a major step for FISH-based karyotyping of peanut. The FISH markers are expected to provide a reference tool for sequence assembly, phylogenetic studies of peanut and its wild species, and breeding.
FRONTAL LOBE COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES IN CHILDREN: A FORM OF EPILEPSY AT PARTICULAR RISK OF MISDIAGNOSIS

The clinical and EEG findings are described of six children considered to have complex partial seizures of frontal lobe origin. The findings correspond generally with those reported for adult patients. Video‐recordings of attacks in some cases and ictal cassette EEG recordings provided important diagnostic information. A definite frontal abnormality on neuro‐imaging was seen in only one case. The seizures were closely associated with sleep, and anti‐epileptic drug treatment was usually of limited value. The considerable diagnostic confusion surrounding seizures of this type, including their misdiagnosis as pseudoseizures or primary sleep disorder, is partly the result of the clinical peculiarities of this type of seizure, but also of clinicians' limited awareness of the condition.
Impact of Injury Mechanisms on Patterns and Management of Facial Fractures

AbstractMechanisms causing facial fractures have evolved over time and may be predictive of the types of injuries sustained. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of mechanisms of injury on the type and management of facial fractures at our Level 1 Trauma Center. The authors performed an Institutional Review Board–approved review of our network's trauma registry from 2006 to 2010, documenting age, sex, mechanism, Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Scale, facial fracture patterns (nasal, maxillary/malar, orbital, mandible), and reconstructions. Mechanism rates were compared using a Pearson &khgr;2 test. The database identified 23,318 patients, including 1686 patients with facial fractures and a subset of 1505 patients sustaining 2094 fractures by motor vehicle collision (MVC), fall, or assault. Nasal fractures were the most common injuries sustained by all mechanisms. MVCs were most likely to cause nasal and malar/maxillary fractures (P < 0.01). Falls were the least likely and assaults the most likely to cause mandible fractures (P < 0.001), the most common injury leading to surgical intervention (P < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, fractures sustained in MVCs were the most likely overall to undergo surgical intervention. Age, number of fractures, and alcohol level were statistically significant variables associated with operative management. Age and number of fractures sustained were associated with operative intervention. Although there is a statistically significant correlation between mechanism of injury and type of facial fracture sustained, none of the mechanisms evaluated herein are statistically associated with surgical intervention. Clinical Question/Level of Evidence:Therapeutic, III.
Photoplethysmography as a single source for analysis of sleep‐disordered breathing in patients with severe cardiovascular disease

Sleep‐disordered breathing and Cheyne–Stokes breathing are often not diagnosed, especially in cardiovascular patients. An automated system based on photoplethysmographic signals might provide a convenient screening and diagnostic solution for patient evaluation at home or in an ambulatory setting. We compared event detection and classification obtained by full polysomnography (the ‘gold standard’) and by an automated new algorithm system in 74 subjects. Each subject underwent overnight polysomnography, 60 in a hospital cardiology department and 14 while being tested for suspected sleep‐disordered breathing in a sleep laboratory. The sleep‐disordered breathing and Cheyne–Stokes breathing parameters measured by a new automated algorithm system correlated very well with the corresponding results obtained by full polysomnography. The sensitivity of the Cheyne–Stokes breathing detected from the system compared to full polysomnography was 92% [95% confidence interval (CI): 78.6–98.3%] and specificity 94% (95% CI: 81.3–99.3%). Comparison of the Apnea Hyponea Index with a cutoff level of 15 shows a sensitivity of 98% (95% CI: 87.1–99.6%) and specificity of 96% (95% CI: 79.8–99.3%). The detection of respiratory events showed agreement of approximately 80%. Regression and Bland–Altman plots revealed good agreement between the two methods. Relative to gold‐standard polysomnography, the simply used automated system in this study yielded an acceptable analysis of sleep‐ and/or cardiac‐related breathing disorders. Accordingly, and given the convenience and simplicity of its application, this system can be considered as a suitable platform for home and ambulatory screening and diagnosis of sleep‐disordered breathing in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Role of non‐coding RNAs in pancreatic beta‐cell development and physiology

The progression of diabetes is accompanied by increasing demand to the beta‐cells to produce and secrete more insulin, requiring complex beta‐cell adaptations. Functionally active and ubiquitous non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have the capacity to take part in such adaptations as they have been shown to be key regulatory molecules in various biological processes. In the pancreatic islets, the function of ncRNAs and their contribution to disease development is beginning to be understood. Here, we review the different classes of ncRNAs, such as long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), and their potential contribution to insulin secretion. A special focus will be on miRNAs and their regulatory function in beta‐cell physiology and insulin exocytosis. As important players in gene regulation, ncRNAs have huge potential in opening innovative therapeutic avenues against diabetes and associated complications.