Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Framework of Metrics for Differential Privacy from Local Sensitivity

Abstract The meaning of differential privacy (DP) is tightly bound with the notion of distance on databases, typically defined as the number of changed rows. Considering the semantics of data, this metric may be not the most suitable one, particularly when a distance comes out as larger than the data owner desired (which would undermine privacy). In this paper, we give a mechanism to specify continuous metrics that depend on the locations and amounts of changes in a much more nuanced manner. Our metrics turn the set of databases into a Banach space. In order to construct DP information release mechanisms based on our metrics, we introduce derivative sensitivity, an analogue to local sensitivity for continuous functions. We use this notion in an analysis that determines the amount of noise to be added to the result of a database query in order to obtain a certain level of differential privacy, and demonstrate that derivative sensitivity allows us to employ powerful mechanisms from calculus to perform the analysis for a variety of queries. We have implemented the analyzer and evaluated its efficiency and precision.
Contributors to Reduce Maintainability Cost at the Software Implementation Phase

Software maintenance is important and difficult to measure. The cost of maintenance is the most ever during the phases of software development. One of the most critical processes in software development is the reduction of software maintainability cost based on the quality of source code during design step, however, a lack of quality models and measures can help asses the quality attributes of software maintainability process. Software maintainability suffers from a number of challenges such as lack source code understanding, quality of software code, and adherence to programming standards in maintenance. This work describes model basedfactors to assess the software maintenance, explains the steps followed to obtain and validate them. Such a method can be used to eliminate the software maintenance cost. The research results will enhance the quality of the source code. It will increase software understandability, eliminate maintenance time, cost, and give confidence for software reusability.
Derecho’s Extensible, Intelligent Object Store

The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly coupled to cloud computing and machine learning, enabling smarter power delivery, smart highways and homes, intelligent health care and even smart farms. Yet although cloud providers offer all sorts of AI systems (examples include Microsoft Azure IoT [2] and Amazon Kinesis [1]), none is optimized for low latency, high volume decision-making at scale [8, 11–13]. A core challenge is data volume: IoT data (sensor records, photos, videos, etc) is predicted to grow from 0.1 zettabytes to 4.4 zettabytes just by 2020 [14]. Images and videos can often be quickly checked for interesting content and discarded immediately, yet in today’s cloud it is more common to just upload and store everything, then process data later in big batches. This will need to change for the IoT edge: it is wasteful to write files, read them once, and then discard them, and the edge often must react instantly on an eventby-event basis, precluding batching. Here, we argue that the next generation of machine learning applications should be layered over a new form of object store that employs standard APIs but is enhanced with machinelearning components. The idea of layering functionality on an object store is well accepted: many file systems and databases
An Empirical Case Study on Prediction of Corporate Failure in The Selected Industrial Unit in India

Industrial Sickness has been growing in such large proportions that in the wake of industrial development, a large number of new units covering all types of units in small, medium and large sectors are added in this category. The rapid growth and magnitude of industrial sickness is puzzling issue not only for present time but also for all times to come, especially for India. It has become a matter of serious concern for all; concerned directly or indirectly with the industrial units; not only because Billions of rupees locked up in Millions of sick units but also for the fortunes for numerous classes to be affected. The failure of a unit is an event which brings a lot of mental torture to entrepreneurs, managers and to their families. The society is also affected by the phenomenon of sickness as unemployment spreads widely, availability of goods and services decrease and the prices soar up. The share holders lose their hard-earned savings. Creditors lose their cash and future prospects of business. The socio-economic implications of industrial sickness are so severe that it may disturb the whole industrial climate. Under such scenario this study on “An Empirical Case Study on Prediction of Corporate Failure in the Selected Industrial Unit in India” is an attempt to identify sickness at early stage with help of Altman’s discriminate Analysis model so the corporate failure can be minimized.
Investigating “Who” in the Crowdsourcing of News Credibility

Concerns about the spread of misinformation online via news articles have led to the development of many tools and processes involving human annotation of their credibility. However, much is still unknown about how different people judge news credibility or the quality or reliability of news credibility ratings from populations of varying expertise. In this work, we consider credibility ratings from two “crowd” populations: 1) students within journalism or media programs, and 2) crowd workers on UpWork, and compare them with the ratings of two sets of experts: journalists and climate scientists, on a set of 50 climate-science articles. We find that both groups’ credibility ratings have higher correlation to journalism experts compared to the science experts, with 10-15 raters to achieve convergence. We also find that raters’ gender and political leaning impact their ratings. Among article genre of news/opinion/analysis and article source leaning of left/center/right, crowd ratings were more similar to experts respectively with opinion and strong left sources.
A Simple Integrative Solution For Simultaneous Localization And Mapping

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping is a method used to find the location of a mobile robot while at the same time build a constructive map of its surrounding environment. This paper gives a brief description about a simple integrative SLAM technique using a Laser Range Finder (LRF) and Odometry data, primarily for indoor environments. In this project, a solution for the SLAM problem was implemented on a differential drive mobile robot equipped with a SICK laser scanner.
AFLATOXINS IN FOOD AND FEED Impacts , Risks , and Management Strategies

www.feedthefuture. gov Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites—mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus living in soil—that contaminate crops throughout growth, harvest, storage, transportation, and processing. Aflatoxin B1 is not only the most potent natural carcinogen known, but also the most commonly produced toxic strain. As of 2010, roughly 5 billion people worldwide were estimated to be exposed to high levels of aflatoxins. High consumption levels can result in aflatoxicosis, which is often fatal. Habitual consumption at lower levels causes liver cancer and immune suppression, and is strongly associated with stunting. Of 315 cases of aflatoxicosis in Kenya in 2004, 125 people died. Consumption of aflatoxins is cumulative: they are not eradicated through standard cooking processes, and the body is unable to destroy or excrete them. This policy note examines what aflatoxins are; how they are linked to gender, climate change, and nutrition; and how they can be controlled and managed effectively.
Sybil Attack Detection Survey in VANETs

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are expected to play an important role in our lives. They will improve the traffic safety and bring about a revolution on the driving experience. However, these benefits are counterbalanced by possible attacks that threaten not only the vehicle's security, but also passengers’ lives. One of the most common ones is the Sybil attack, which is even more dangerous than others because it could be the starting point of many other attacks in VANETs. This paper proposes a survey of Sybil attacks’ detection. The key idea here is that each vehicle will monitor its neighborhood in order to detect an eventual Sybil attack.
Probabilistic reconstruction of cellular differentiation trees from single-cell RNA-seq data

Until recently, transcriptomics was limited to bulk RNA sequencing, obscuring 1 the underlying expression patterns of individual cells in favor of a global average. 2 Thanks to technological advances, we can now profile gene expression across 3 thousands or millions of individual cells in parallel. However, this new type of data 4 poses complex computational challenges for disentangling biological variation from 5 technical variation, uncovering novel cell types, and reconstructing trajectories 6 of differentiating cells from data that are noisy, heterogenous, and sparse. Here, 7 we develop a full generative model for probabilistically reconstructing trees of 8 cellular differentiation from single-cell RNA-seq data. Specifically, we extend 9 the framework of the classical Dirichlet diffusion tree (DDT) to simultaneously 10 infer branch topology and latent cell state along diffusive trajectories over the full 11 tree. Finally, we demonstrate that Markov chain Monte Carlo inference with our 12 augmented DDT model can recover latent trajectories from simulated single-cell 13 transcriptomes. 14
Chagas Cardiac Disease, a Disease that must be kept in Mind

A 34-year-old woman, from Argentina, with history of positive serology for Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) is referred to cardiology consultation for symptoms of palpitations. Cardiovascular assessment with chest x-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG) and 24-hour Holter monitoring was normal. Attending to the epidemiologic context of an immigrant patient from an endemic area for Chagas’ disease echocardiographic evaluation was performed and documented left ventricle cavity at the upper limit for normal and inferolateral hypokinesia with decreased regional longitudinal strain. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected dilated left ventricle (LV) with segmental alterations (lower wall and apex), dilated right ventricle (RV) and increased T1 and T2 native left ventricle. These findings were suggestive of chronic Chagas’ myocardiopathy, an early form (indeterminate phase). New imagining modalities, like strain echochardiography and MRI, helped this patient to start pharmacological treatment earlier and is now a good way to improve clinical care and follow-up of a “forgotten disease”.
Formulation and Characterization of Solid Dispersions of Etoricoxib Using Natural Polymers

Objectives: The main objective of the present investigation to develop and evaluate solid dispersions of BCS Class II drugs etoricoxib employing various natural polymers, compatible with conventional manufacturing method to enhance solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Materials and Methods: In this study, etoricoxib solid dispersion were prepared using xanthan gum, gaur gum and acacia and their combinations by solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersions and pure etoricoxib in the form of powder were characterized in comparison with pure drug and corresponding physical mixtures in the same ratios by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffractogram, and in vitro drug release. Results: Solid dispersion (ET11) prepared with 1: 2: 2: 2 drug carrier ratios were showed highest solubility in different solvents. Hence the solid dispersion (ET11) of 1: 2: 2: 2 ratios were selected for characterization. The DSC study indicated that the crystalline nature of etoricoxib was reduced to amorphous. The diffraction pattern of the solid dispersions in each figure indicates that diffraction peaks at 2ɵ values has less intensity than that of pure drugs. This indicated that the crystalline nature of drug sample was converted to amorphous with ET11. Scanning electron microscope photographs of solid dispersion seem to be more porous in nature. From the in vitro drug release profile, it can be seen that formulation ETM11 shows higher dissolution rate i.e. 98.2±1.3% compared with other formulations. It is predicted that, increasing concentration of carrier, increases the drug dissolution rate. Conclusion: This study has shown that the solid dispersion of etoricoxib using natural carrier can be promising formulation for solubility and dissolution enhancement. Natural polymers used have shown promising results in the modification of drug release from the formulations.
Barrier island complexes and incised valley fills of the Dumbulwa Member of the Pindiga Formation, Northern Benue Trough, NE Nigeria: A transgressive Turonian Coastline

Facies analysis of the Dumbulwa Member of the Pindiga Formation indicated the occurrence of seven lithofacies that includes; trough crossbedded sandstone, hummocky cross-stratified sandstones, massive bedded sandstones, ripple laminated sandstones, parallel laminated sandstones, planar crossbedded sandstones and mudstones. These lithofacies forms three facies association that consists of delta front sands facies association (FadI), pro-delta facies associations (FadII) and estuarine channel facies association (FadIII). Stratigraphic disposition of these facies association indicated that the evolution of the lithostratigraphic architecture of the Dumbulwa Member commenced with the development of progradational deltaic packages (FadI) these were superposed by transgressive deposits of the fluvio-tidal channel sequences (FadIII). These sequencesgrade into transgressive deltaic succession (FadI)reflecting arelative progradational phase accompanying the net transgressive regime characterizing the mid-Cretaceous global sea level rise. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 17-04-2018 Date of acceptance: 05-05-2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fed’s New Operating Framework: How We Got Here and Why We Shouldn’t Stay

Much talk concerning the Fed lately has to do with its strategy for “normalizing” monetary policy—that is, its plans for reversing unconventional policies it pursued during the last financial crisis and subsequent recovery. Most people are aware of two of the Fed’s unconventional policies. One consisted of the relatively low interest rate targets it set during the crisis and for some time afterward. The second consisted of several rounds of large-scale asset purchases it engaged in, generally known as “quantitative easing” (QE). But the Fed’s unconventional policies included a third, less well-appreciated component. This was its decision to switch, during October 2008, from its conventional “corridor-type” system for regulating interest rates to a new “floortype” system. A central bank that uses a corridor-type system influences market interest rates by adding to or subtracting from the available supply of bank reserves. In contrast, one that uses a floor system influences market rates by changing the interest rate it pays on the reserve balances that banks keep with it. Although the Fed has already begun to undo the more wellknown components of its unconventional crisis-era policies by
Numerical Simulation of the Laser Welding of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

Laser beam welding has become one of the promising welding techniques in diverse industries, such as aerospace, automotive, microelectronics, shipbuilding, etc., due to its superior features; namely, ease of automation, thin and small weld seams, minimum distortion and high welding speed. In this work the laser welding process is investigated considering phase change for butt joint welding of 2205 Duplex stainless steel plates via process modelling by finite element method (FEM) and statistical techniques. The objective of the present research is to investigate the effects of process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and beam diameter on evolution of thermal field and formation of weld bead geometry. A three-dimensional (3-D) FEM numerical model with moving heat source is developed using COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 4.2a. Statistical techniques are used to develop a mathematical model based on simulation results to predict maximum temperature and weld bead dimensions, namely, depth of penetration and bead width. Second order equations are developed by response surface methodology (RSM) to predict the responses, with significant accuracy. Effects of parameters and their interactions on the responses are studied, using the developed RSM models. Simulated results show that the maximum temperature at weld zone, bead width and depth of penetration increases with laser power and decreases with scanning speed. It is also seen that with increase of beam diameter, maximum temperature at weld zone and depth of penetration decreases while bead width increases. A multi-objective optimization on depth of penetration and bead width is conducted according to the desired optimisation criteria.
QUANTIFICATION OF THE CRACK AREAS OF STABLE AND UNSTABLE CRACK PROPAGATION DURING SINGLE-FIBER PUSH-OUT TESTS PERFORMED ON CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE SAMPLES

It is well recognized that the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites are closely related to the fiber-matrix interfacial properties. The interfacial fracture toughness is considered to be one of the most relevant quantities to characterize the material behavior at the fiber-matrix interface of a composite sample under mechanical load. Recently, a modification of the single-fiber push-out test was published by our group, enabling a quantification of the energy dissipated during stable crack propagation. The corresponding crack area, however, is simply estimated by the total fiber surface area of the pushed fiber in the established push-out evaluation methods described in literature. Since the occurrence of both, stable and unstable crack propagation is expected, the existing approximations represent an upper limit of the actual relevant area of stable crack growth. In the presented work, a new approach to quantify the specific crack areas is shown, which is based on a quantification of the crack energy dissipated during crack growth as a function of the total sample thickness. The procedure is applied to Siliconcarbide (SiC)-fiber reinforced SiC-matrix composites, produced via chemical vapor infiltration technique. The new approach allows a quantification of the crack areas of stable and unstable crack propagation, which are created during push-out testing of ceramic matrix composite samples, for the first time by way of experiment. The length of unstable crack growth turns out to be in good agreement with expected values from stress-based models in literature. The experimental determination of the specific crack areas leads to a more precise characterization of the interfacial fracture toughness compared to an approximation of the stable crack length by the total sample thickness. Therefore, the quantification of the crack areas presented here may contribute to a more reliable prediction of macromechanical properties from micromechanical single-fiber push-out tests.
Fatty Acids and Fertility – The Contributions of Dr . Charlie Staples

Dr. Charles (Charlie) Richard Staples accepted an Assistant Professor position at the University of Florida UF) in 1985. However, he began his industrious and interdisciplinary career during his postdoctoral program with Dr. Jimmy Clarke at the University of Illinois. We discussed the dynamics and importance of the postpartum period relative to restoration of reproductive competence in association with changes in energy balance and restoration of ovarian activity. It was a time at Florida when we were well on our way of being able to control the time of artificial insemination and had methodologies for hormonal and metabolic assays and the use of ultrasound to monitor ovarian activity and presence of the fetus. Furthermore, we realized that many cows presented for controlled breeding postpartum were anovulatory that contributed to poor herd fertility. Dr. Clarke commented that they were doing an extensive postpartum nutrition experiment at Illinois dealing with energy balance, and Charlie suggested measuring progesterone to establish postpartum patterns of ovarian activity. He collected samples throughout the experiment and progesterone measurements were analyzed at Florida. Thus, his inquisitive mind, willingness to share with others, and the value of interdisciplinary programs began early and was sustained throughout his academic career as a research scientist, teacher, mentor and sought-after speaker in the area of extension as well.
Sample-then-optimize posterior sampling for Bayesian linear models

In modern machine learning it is common to train models which have an extremely high intrinsic capacity. The results obtained are often initialization dependent, are different for disparate optimizers and in some cases have no explicit regularization. This raises difficult questions about generalization [1]. A natural approach to questions of generalization is a Bayesian one. There is therefore a growing literature attempting to understand how Bayesian posterior inference could emerge from the complexity of modern practice [2, 3], even without having such a procedure as the stated goal.
Corner Detection Using Mutual Information

This work presents a new method of corner detection based on mutual information and invariant to image rotation. The use of mutual information, which is a universal similarity measure, has the advantage of avoiding the derivation which amplifies the effect of noise at high frequencies. In the context of our work, we use mutual information normalized by entropy. The tests are performed on grayscale images.
Impact of Reward System on Motivational Level: A Case of Job Sector, Karachi

This study tries to relationship in the middle of prize and worker inspiration furthermore recognizes relationship between representative inspiration Job divisions of Karachi. The study depends on essential information and test Size (N= 190) comprised of male and female workers of distinctive instructive segment and banks. Essential information gathered by organized poll by utilizing kind of diverse methodologies. Two unique theories were produced for the present study and were tried by applying Correlation and regression. Motivation has been treated as a dependent and Job Satisfaction as an independent variable. The outcomes additionally demonstrated that pay is a critical element for representative inspiration when contrasted with different variables like advancement, employer stability, working condition, thankfulness and different advantages. To be fruitful, associations ought to propel its representatives on iterative premise. One approach to rouse representatives is through fulfilling their needs. This study is planned to discover the effect of persuaded representatives on their occupation fulfillment. Discoveries of the study determine the positive and noteworthy relationship among working conditions, acknowledgment and pay on inspiration. Furthermore spurred workers were observed to be fulfilled by their occupation. The study's consequences likewise show that, inspiration stays unaffected of both age and the administration's length of the representatives. It might be a result of the way that the components in charge of inspiration and fulfillment appear to be available in the association's workplace. The paper additionally finds the relative significance of distinctive components that add as per the general inclination of workers; Compensation Package rose as the most essential variable, though the Self Actualization seems, by all accounts, to be the slightest imperative element.