Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fixed Type Theorems

The first, second, third and fourth Fixed Type Theorems are proved. The second Fixed Type theorem uses BACKWARD INDUCTION. Third fixed type theorem uses a new method (which is not induction or pegion hole principle or diagonalization) called THE METHOD OF ABSTRACTION AND TRANSFORMATION. NP is not equal to P is a straightforward application of Cardinality Lemma and third fixed type theorem to the Clique problem or Vertex Cover problem or subset sum problem or feedback vertex set problem or feedback edge set or hamilton circuit problem. coNP is not equal to P is a straightforward application of Cardinality Lemma and fourth fixed type theorem to the Clique problem or Vertex Cover problem or subset sum problem or feedback vertex set problem or feedback edge set or hamilton circuit problem. coNP is equal to NP is a straightforward application of third and fourth fixed type theorems to the Clique problem or Vertex Cover problem or subset sum problem or feedback vertex set problem or feedback edge set or hamilton circuit problem.
Arylsulfatase B Mediates the Sulfonation-Transport Interplay in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 Cells Overexpressing Sulfotransferase 1A3

Elucidating the intricate relationships between metabolic and transport pathways contributes to improved predictions of in vivo drug disposition and drug-drug interactions. Here we reported that inhibited excretion of conjugative metabolites [i.e., hesperetin 3′-O-sulfate (H3′S) and hesperetin 7-O-sulfate (H7S)] by MK-571 led to reduced metabolism of hesperetin (a maximal 78% reduction) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells overexpressing sulfotransferase 1A3 (named SULT293 cells). The strong dependence of cellular sulfonation on the efflux transport of generated sulfated metabolites revealed an interplay of sulfonation metabolism with efflux transport (or sulfonation-transport interplay). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analyses demonstrated that SULT293 cells expressed multiple sulfatases such as arylsulfatase A (ARSA), ARSB, and ARSC. Of these three desulfonation enzymes, only ARSB showed significant activities toward hesperetin sulfates. The intrinsic clearance values for the hydrolysis of H3′S and H7S were estimated at 0.6 and 0.5 μl/h/mg, respectively. Furthermore, knockdown of ARSB attenuated the regulatory effect of efflux transporter on cellular sulfonation, whereas overexpression of ABSB enhanced the transporter effect. Taken together, the results indicated that ARSB mediated the sulfonation-transport interplay in SULT293 cells.
Defective Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase Impairs Replication Fork Progression in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT The observed lengthening of the C period in the presence of a defective ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase has been assumed to be due solely to the low deoxyribonucleotide supply in the nrdA101 mutant strain. We show here that the nrdA101 mutation induces DNA double-strand breaks at the permissive temperature in a recB-deficient background, suggesting an increase in the number of stalled replication forks that could account for the slowing of replication fork progression observed in the nrdA101 strain in a Rec+ context. These DNA double-strand breaks require the presence of the Holliday junction resolvase RuvABC, indicating that they have been generated from stalled replication forks that were processed by the specific reaction named “replication fork reversal. ” Viability results supported the occurrence of this process, as specific lethality was observed in the nrdA101 recB double mutant and was suppressed by the additional inactivation of ruvABC. None of these effects seem to be due to the limitation of the deoxyribonucleotide supply in the nrdA101 strain even at the permissive temperature, as we found the same level of DNA double-strand breaks in the nrdA+ strain growing under limited (2-μg/ml) or under optimal (5-μg/ml) thymidine concentrations. We propose that the presence of an altered NDP reductase, as a component of the replication machinery, impairs the progression of the replication fork, contributing to the lengthening of the C period in the nrdA101 mutant at the permissive temperature.
Engagement and Creation of Professional Identity in Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Convention-Style Orientation Event.

BACKGROUND In an innovative event that challenged traditional orientation programs, the Curtin University School of Nursing and Midwifery brought together nursing students, academic and student support staff, and health industry representatives. This unique whole-of-school convention consisted of sessions tailored to each student year group and aimed to promote nursing identity, highlight leadership opportunities, and showcase employer pathways. METHOD To evaluate the event, a survey approach was used to collect quantitative data via questionnaire and qualitative data via open-ended questions from first-year students (n = 113), staff (n = 24), and industry representatives (n = 14). RESULTS Students, staff, and industry evaluations indicated a successful event that achieved its goals, including student engagement and motivation and community building. CONCLUSION This orientation model could be used as a basis for institution-wide engagement activities.
Prodrome of Paranoid Schizophrenia with Episodic Type of Course and Schizoaffective Structure of Manifest Episode

Prodrome of paranoid schizophrenia with the episodic type of course (F20.1 and F20.2 according to ICD-10) and the schizoaffective structure of the episode was retrospectively studied. The pronounced and persistent affect, in particular depression in conjunction with hallucinations and/or delusions throughout the whole episode, served as the basis for an episode qualification as the schizoaffective structure. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was confirmed by the extremely low socio-demographic indicators at the time of the manifest episode, by the presence of catatonic or catatono-oneiroid symptoms in more than half of the patients, as well as an incongruence of hallucination plot and/or delusions against the dominant affect. In most cases, the affective symptoms were detected in clinical presentation of a prodrome and significantly more often in the form of depression, in comparison with bipolar and mixed affective disorders. Different clinical manifestations of negative symptoms were revealed in significantly more than half of the patients. The study showed that there is a significant frequency of negative manifestations in conjugation with depression in the prodrome.
Recent changes in the treatment of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer

Since the original data from the Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group demonstrated that nonsurgical therapy could achieve survival rates comparable to total laryngectomy in selected cases, there has been a progressive increase in employment of nonsurgical therapy for the management of advanced laryngeal cancer. Both neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conventionally fractionated or hyperfractioned radiotherapy for chemotherapy responders, or simultaneously administered chemoradiation has resulted in a significant number of patients who achieved cure while preserving their larynges. Nevertheless, combined chemotherapy and external beam radiation is associated with a variety of acute and chronic sequelae that can have a debilitating impact on function and quality of life. Although no therapeutic option is without risk, the decision regarding the modality of therapy for a patient with advanced laryngeal cancer should prompt a careful review of the current surgical techniques available for treatment. Data on quality of life and aging, as well as advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques, are available today that were not available at the time of the Veterans study. Selection of optimal therapy is often complex and raises the question whether the pendulum may have swung too far in the direction of nonsurgical therapy for advanced laryngeal cancer. This article reviews the current options available for a patient with advanced laryngeal cancer and discusses the impact of therapy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Sildenafil in the treatment of antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose, two-way crossover trial.

OBJECTIVE Antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction is a significant clinical problem and is a common reason for poor medication compliance. This report studied the efficacy and tolerability of sildenafil citrate in patients with antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction. METHOD The study design was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose, two-way crossover trial carried out at a tertiary referral center. Thirty-two married male outpatients with schizophrenia or delusional disorder and antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction were recruited for the trial. Sexual function was assessed from patient logs of sexual activity. RESULTS Thirty-two subjects and their spouses, who agreed to take part in the study, were included in the crossover trial. Thirty-one (96.9%) completed the trial. There was no significant period effect or treatment-period interaction. Patients reported significant improvement while taking sildenafil in the number of adequate erections, satisfaction with sexual intercourse, and the duration of erections over 2 weeks. The odds ratios for adequate erections and for satisfactory sexual intercourse with sildenafil were 4.07 and 3.77, respectively. The effect of sildenafil remained significant even after adjustment for period and week effects and treatment-period interaction with Poisson regression analysis. There were no major side effects or adverse drug interactions. CONCLUSIONS Sildenafil citrate is safe and effective in the treatment of antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction. It is also well tolerated.
Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognition: The Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore Study

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are considered to be a novel marker of cerebral small vessel disease. However, the link with cognitive impairment remains unclear. We investigated whether CMBs—independent of other traditional markers of cerebral small vessel disease—are related to cognition. Chinese subjects from the population-based Singapore Chinese Eye Study, who failed an initial cognitive screening and were recruited into the ongoing Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore Study, underwent neuropsychological testing and 3 T brain magnetic resonance imaging. The presence and number of CMBs were graded using Brain Observer Microbleed Scale on susceptibility-weighted images. Other magnetic resonance imaging lesions that were graded included presence of lacunes, white matter lesion, and total brain volumes. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered and cognitive function was summarized as composite and domain-specific Z-scores. Among 282 subjects, 91 had any CMBs (32.3%), of whom 36 (12.8%) had multiple CMBs. CMBs were—independent of cardiovascular risk factors and other markers of cerebral small vessel disease—significantly associated with poorer cognitive function as reflected by composite Z-score (mean difference per CMB increase: −0.06; 95% confidence interval: −0.11, −0.01] and with domain-specific Z-scores including executive function, attention, and visuoconstruction. Among Chinese subjects CMBs were, independent of other concomitant markers of cerebral small vessel disease, associated with poorer cognitive function.
Influence of Emotional Robots Design on Humans

This paper describes the abilities of social robots and human-robot social interaction with connection to influence of emotional robots design on humans. Robots will be integrating into our everyday live, but we little known about how robots can influence to humans. These parts discuss the issues pertinent to create meaningful social interactions between robots and humans through employing degrees of qualities in a robot’s physical design and behavior.
Mutations of the RET-GDNF signaling pathway in Ondine's curse.

This study was supported by the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, the Association Francaise contre les Myopathies, and the Projet Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (grant AOA94060). We thank the Association Francaise du Syndrome d'Ondine for participation in the study.
Improving an image retrieval system by integrating semantic features

To develop image navigation systems, we need tools to realize the semantic relationship between user and database. In this paper, it is presented an indexing schema of images and a simple semantic vocabulary that permits to the user to introduce the cognitive dimension in the retrieval process. A lot of experiments, in which the human subjects had to group images into semantic categories and to explain the criteria for their choice, were realized. From these experiments, we identify the semantic categories (landscapes, animals, flowers, etc), the semantic indicators or intermediate descriptors and their visual characteristics.
Benutzerorientierte Revision einer Informationsarchitektur

Große Webauftritte benötigen eine gute Informationsarchitektur: Informationsorganisation, Bezeichnungsund Navigationssysteme müssen auf die Benutzerbedürfnisse zugeschnitten werden. Können dafür partizipative Verfahren verwendet werden? Am Fall der Website der Universität Bremen wurde untersucht, wie sich u.a. mit Hilfe von Card Sorting und Usability Tests mit Schülern und Studierenden Grundlagen für eine Revision der Informationsarchitektur schaffen lassen.
Exploring the Use of Significant Words Language Modeling for Spoken Document Retrieval

Owing to the rapid global access to tremendous amounts of multimedia associated with speech information on the Internet, spoken document retrieval (SDR) has become an emerging application recently. Apart from much effort devoted to developing robust indexing and modeling techniques for spoken documents, a recent line of research targets at enriching and reformulating query representations in an attempt to enhance retrieval effectiveness. In practice, pseudo-relevance feedback is by far the most prevalent paradigm for query reformulation, which assumes that top-ranked feedback documents obtained from the initial round of retrieval are potentially relevant and can be exploited to reformulate the original query. Continuing this line of research, the paper presents a novel modeling framework, which aims at discovering significant words occurring in the feedback documents, to infer an enhanced query language model for SDR. Formally, the proposed framework targets at extracting the essential words representing a common notion of relevance (i.e., the significant words which occur in almost all of the feedback documents), so as to deduce a new query language model that captures these significant words and meanwhile modulates the influence of both highly frequent words and too specific words. Experiments conducted on a benchmark SDR task demonstrate the performance merits of our proposed framework.
Role of download time as a key in Web cache management policies

To ameliorate the problem of long download times experienced by World Wide Web users, as well as to reduce the ever-increasing bandwidth demand of WWW services, Web caches tend to be placed close to the users. The management policies of these caches are intimately related to the perceived quality of service (QoS). This paper investigates the relevance of download time as a key in Web cache management policies, as well as analyses QoS-oriented Web cache removal and admission control policies. The tradeoff between furnishing QoS and optimizing Web cache performance is studied.
Putting Work to Bed: Stressful Experiences on the Job and Sleep Quality∗

Most adults spend one-third of every day sleeping and another third of most days at work. However, there is little analysis of the possible connections between common workplace experiences and sleep quality. This study uses the longitudinal and nationally-representative Americans' Changing Lives study to examine whether and how common conditions and experiences at work may “follow workers home” and impinge on their quality of sleep. We also explore how competing stressful experiences at home may influence sleep quality, and whether these are more salient than work experiences. Results show that frequently being bothered or upset at work is associated with poorer sleep quality, and the association is not explained by stressful experiences at home. These findings are discussed in relation to the sociological literatures on work, stress, and emotion.
Erythrocyte 2, 3‐Diphosphoglycerate in Endotoxic Shock in the Subhuman Primate: Response to Fluid and/or Methylprednisolone Succinate

The effects of shock as a result of Escherichia coli endotoxin on certain hemodynamic and biochemical parameters and mortality were studied in the baboon. The ability of methylprednisolone succinate (MPS) in massive doses and/or rapid infusion of a buffered electrolyte solution to influence the results was then examined. Shock secondary to Escherichia coli endotoxin was associated with a decrease in RBC 2,3-DPG. This fall in RBC 2,3-DPG was not significantly influenced by MPS. Likewise, MPS did not prevent the changes in oxygen metabolism or systemic hemodynamics, nor was it associated with any decrease in mortality associated with endotoxic shock. Buffered electrolyte solution therapy improved both hemodynamics and mortality, but did not significantly protect against changes in RBC 2,3-DPG.
Functional Annotation of a Full-Length Arabidopsis cDNA Collection

Full-length complementary DNAs (cDNAs) are essential for the correct annotation of genomic sequences and for the functional analysis of genes and their products. We isolated 155,144 RIKENArabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNA clones. The 3′-end expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of 155,144 RAFL cDNAs were clustered into 14,668 nonredundant cDNA groups, about 60% of predicted genes. We also obtained 5′ ESTs from 14,034 nonredundant cDNA groups and constructed a promoter database. The sequence database of the RAFL cDNAs is useful for promoter analysis and correct annotation of predicted transcription units and gene products. Furthermore, the full-length cDNAs are useful resources for analyses of the expression profiles, functions, and structures of plant proteins.
Electrophysiological Pharmacology of the Nicotinic and Muscarinic Cholinergic Responses of Isolated Neuronal Somata from Locust Thoracic Ganglia

1. 1. Mechanically isolated neuronal somata from the thoracic ganglia of the locust Locusta migratoria remain electrophysiologically viable under current- or voltage-clamp in vitro for many hours. Nicotine and muscarine evoke different responses when pressure-microapplied to these somata. The response to acetylcholine is mainly nicotinic but contains a small muscarinic component. 2. 2. The nicotinic (ACh1) response is a rapid depolarisation accompanied by a decrease in membrane resistance. In voltage-clamped somata, the current mediating the ACh1 response is inward over the membrane potential range −30 to −110 mV, decreasing with depolarisation and with a projected reversal potential of about +20 mV. 3. 3. The muscarinic (ACh2) response is a slow depolarisation accompanied by a decrease in membrane resistance. In voltage-clamped somata, the current mediating the ACh2 response is inward, decreasing to zero at potentials of −80 to −90 mV. 4. 4. The ACh1 response is evoked by nicotine, anabasine, tetramethylammonium, DMPP and relatively high concentrations of the nitromethylene heterocycle insecticide, PMNI. Suberyldicholine or decamethonium evoke the response only when acetylcholine is present in the bathing saline. Nicotinic antagonists of the ACh1 response, in descending order of potency, are PMN1 >> α-bungarotoxin ≥ lobeline≥mecamylamine>trimethaphan camsylate>chlorisondamine> d -tubocurarine≥hexamethomium≥gallamine triethiodide≥tetraethylammonium. This response is also potently blocked by strychnine and more weakly blocked by δ-philanthotoxin, bicuculline and picrotoxin. 5. 5. The ACh2 response is evoked by muscarine, oxotremorine, arecoline, pilocarpine and, very weakly, by the M1-selective agonist McN-A-343. Muscarinic antagonists of the ACh2 response, in descending order of potency, are QNB≥scopolamine>atropine>4-DAMP (M3)≥benactyzine≥HHSiD (M1/M3)≥ pirenzepine (M1). QNX (M1), AF-DX116 (M2), gallamine triethiodide (M2) and methoctramine (M2) are almost or completely inactive.
The impact of hearing loss degree and age on upper limb coordination ability in hearing, deaf and hard of hearing pupils

The study discusses the assessment of the impact of hearing loss degree and age in: i) 79 deaf, hard of hearing (HoH) and hearing; and ii) 34 deaf and HoH pupils aged 6-14 on their upper-limb coordination ability with the use of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test. In statistical analysis the following tests were applied: three-way ANOVA with three independent variables (group, sex, age) for the deaf, HoH and hearing subjects; two-way ANOVA with two independent variables (group, age) for the deaf and HoH subjects; and the Post Hoc (Scheffe’s method) for multiple comparisons between age categories. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences between deaf/HoH and hearing subjects (F1,67 = 4.43, p = 0.039 < 0.05) between deaf and HoH (F1,67 = 5.33, p = 0.035 < 0.05) and the age factor (F2,67 = 12.84, p = 0.000 < 0.05, and F3,16 = 6.21, p = 0.005 < 0.05, respectively). The obtained results can be used for adaptation of physical education programs to meet the needs of deaf and hard of hearing pupils.
Quark singlets: Implications and constraints.

Quarks whose left- and right-handed chiral components are both singlets with respect to the SU(2) weak-isospin gauge group, offer interesting physics possibilities beyond the standard model (SM) already studied in many contexts. We address here some further aspects. We first collect and update the constraints from present data on their masses and mixings with conventional quarks. We discuss possible effects on b\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s\ensuremath{\gamma} and Z\ensuremath{\rightarrow}bb\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} decays and give fresh illustrations of CP asymmetries in ${\mathit{B}}^{0}$ decays differing dramatically from SM expectations. We analyze singlet effects in grand unification scenarios: d-type singlets are most economically introduced in 5+${5}^{\mathrm{*}}$ multiplets of SU(5), with up to three generations, preserving gauge coupling unification with perturbative values up to the GUT scale; u-type singlets can arise in 10+1${0}^{\mathrm{*}}$ multiplets of SU(5) with at most one light generation. With extra matter multiplets the gauge couplings are bigger; we give the two-loop evolution equations including exotic multiplets and a possible extra U(1) symmetry. Two-loop effects can become important, threatening unification (modulo threshold effects), perturbativity, and asymptotic freedom of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{3}$. In the Yukawa sector, the top-quark fixed-point behavior is preserved and singlet-quark couplings have infrared fixed points too, but the unification of b and \ensuremath{\tau} couplings is not possible in a three-generation ${\mathit{E}}_{6}$ model.