Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treating Conduct Problems and Strengthening Social and Emotional Competence in Young Children

Young preschool and early-school-age children with early onset conduct problems are at high risk for school dropout, substance abuse, violence, and delinquency in later years. Consequently, developing treatment strategies for reducing conduct problems when aggression is in its more malleable form prior to age 8, and thus interrupting its progression, is of considerable benefit to families and society. This article describes a treatment program—the Dina Dinosaur Social, Emotional and Problem Solving Child Training Program—that was designed specifically with developmentally appropriate teaching methods for young children (ages 4 to 8 years) and based on theory related to the types of social, emotional, and cognitive deficits or excesses exhibited by children with conduct problems.The program emphasizes training children in skills such as emotional literacy, empathy or perspective taking, friendship and communication skills, anger management, interpersonal problem solving, school rules, and how to be successful at school. Emphasis is placed on ways to promote cross-setting generalization of the behaviors that are taught by involving parents and teachers in the treatment. A review of two randomized trials with this treatment approach and long-term results are provided.
PROTECTION CONFERRED BY COMMERCIAL INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS (IB) VACCINES AGAINST THE NEBRASKA 95 (CALIFORNIA 99) ISOLATE AND PERSISTENCE OF IB ARKANSAS AND MASSACHUSETTS VIRUS VACCINES IN BROILERS

The level o protection conferred by commercial vaccines against the new variant Nebraska 95 isolate was evaluated. Complete protection was observed when the IBV Arkansas vaccine was given and when the Massachusetts-Connecticut vaccine was given at 1 and at 1 and 10 days of age. However, partial protection was observed when the Massachusetts-Connecticut vaccine was given only at 10 days of age. The persistence of IBV Arkansas and Massachusetts vaccine strains in broilers was evaluated. By RT-PCR assay, when given as a single vaccine, the Massachusetts vaccine persisted longer in the tracheas than the Arkansas vaccine. However, only the Arkansas vaccine persisted in cecal tonsils. When the bivalent vaccine was given, the presence of the Arkansas serotype was observed at later ages when compared with the Massachusetts serotype. By the in situ hybridization assay, when the bivalent vaccine was given, IBV persisted longer in the cecal tonsils than in trachea.
Persistence of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy

HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) is a serious menifestation of HIV in‐ fection in the central nervous system (CNS), and encompassess a wide spectrum of cog‐ nitive, behavioral, and motor deficits [1-3]. While the implementation of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically increased the life expectancy and led to significant improvements in the clinical presentation and progression of HAND, an esti‐ mated 50% of HIV-infected patientscontinue to suffer from implications of HAND in the ART era, with as much as 20% of these exhibiting symptoms of HIV-associated dementia (HAD), the most severe form of HAND [3-6]. The brain regions affected in patients with HAND has changed in the ART era in parallel to the changes observed in the clinical picture; a more subtle and insidious cortical damage mainly in the hippocampus and the temporal cortex is observed, in contrast to the overt subcortical damage seen before ART [7-10]. The underlying causes of these changes are not fully elucidated; however, exami‐ nation of the post-mortem tissue reveals the persistence of synaptic and dendritic dam‐ age in the affected brain regions [3, 11]. Emerging evidence suggests that controlling viral replication in the periphery or in the CNS may not be sufficient to control the un‐ derlying neuropathological processes that culminate in the development of HAND. The impact of HAND on the quality of life, adherence to drug regimens, and co-morbidities especially in an aging HIV population with decreased cognitive reserves, is of major con‐ cern. In this chapter, we will examine the major factors that continue to impact the CNS of HIV-infected individuals, and introduce new challenges in the successful treatment of HAND.
Climate Change and Population Health: Possible Future Scenarios

There is little doubt the earth’s climate is changing and will continue to change over time. Predictions suggest higher temperatures, and more frequent heat waves, heavy rains, floods, droughts and severe storms. Among the consequences may be detrimental health effects, to the extent that climate change has been termed the “biggest global health threat of the 21st century” (Costello et al., 2009). Primary health effects may include changing patterns in temperatureand weather-related morbidity and mortality, whereas secondary effects may result from water and food insecurity, mental stresses and changes in transmission patterns of certain infectious diseases. Disparities will be apparent in the vulnerability of individuals and populations around the globe, and despite contributing little to the cause of climate change, populations in poorer countries will be particularly vulnerable (World Health Organization, 2008). Currently various human societies are implementing various adaptation strategies. Such strategies are informed by the socio-political and religious institutions of societies. While the developed world emphasises the virtues of technology and sound socio-political systems in promoting future adaptation strategies to climate change, many countries in the developing world utilise grass-roots based social action. The use of a multi-faceted approach offers novel ways for dealing with future climate change scenarios and its potential impacts on human population health.
On the Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Schr¨ odinger Type Equations in Fiber Optics

The aim of this paper is to develop fast methods for the solution of nonlinear Schrodinger type equations in fiber optics. Using the method of lines we have to solve a stiff system of ordinary differential equations where the eigenvalues of the Jacobian are close to the imaginary axis. This is usually done by a Split Step method. Here we consider the extrapolation of Split Step methods with adaptive order and step size control. For more complicated nonlinearities, in particular stimulated Raman scattering, Split Step methods are less efficient since symmetry is either destroyed or requires much additional effort. In this case we use implicit Runge Kutta formulas of Gaus type. The key point for the efficient implementation of these methods is that the system of nonlinear algebraic equations can be solved without setting up the Jacobian. The proposed methods are compared to other methods, in particular exponential integrators, the method of Marcuse, and the method of Blow and Wood.
Anatomy and Animation: Anatomically Based Animation Skeletons for Quadrupeds

Constructing animation skeletons for quadrupeds is a complicated process, and knowing how to construct an animation skeleton for one type of quadruped does not guarantee the ability to effortlessly do so for another. This project explores how anatomy may easy the task of quadruped animation skeleton setup. Quadruped anatomy has been extensively studied and a method for animation skeleton setup based on anatomical information was explored using Autodesk Maya 2012. This method was based on the assumption that anatomical information could be incorporated into animation skeleton creation, thereby enabling the construction of an animation skeleton structure applicable to quadrupeds of different locomotion. It was discovered that this was hardly the case and the conclusion of this project has been that a better approach to animation skeletons is to construct them depending on the requirements of the project they are intended for rather than seeking to standardise how they should be set up.
Manual Control Cybernetics: State-of-the-Art and Current Trends

Manual control cybernetics aims to understand and describe how humans control vehicles and devices using mathematical models of human control dynamics. This “cybernetic approach” enables objective and quantitative comparisons of human behavior, and allows a systematic optimization of human control interfaces and training associated with manual control. Current cybernetics theory is primarily based on technology and analysis methods formalized in the 1960s and has shown to be limited in its capability to capture the full breadth of human cognition and control. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in our knowledge of human manual control, points out the main fundamental limitations in cybernetics, and proposes a possible roadmap to advance the theory and its applications. Central in this roadmap will be a shift from the current linear time-invariant modeling approach that is only truly valid for human behavior under tightly controlled and stationary conditions, to methods that facilitate the analysis of adaptive, and possibly time-varying, human behavior in realistic control tasks. Examples of key current developments in the field of cybernetics—human use of preview, predictable discrete maneuvering, skill acquisition and training, time-varying human modeling, and neuromuscular system modeling—that contribute to this shift are presented in this paper. The new foundations for cybernetics that will emerge from these efforts will impact all domains that involve humans in manual and semiautomatic control.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chrozophora rottleri Extracts on Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema

The present study was intended to evaluate Anti-inflammatory activity of C. rottleri extracts (Hydroalcoholic, Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Hexane). The Anti-inflammatory activity of C. rottleri extracts at doses of 125mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg using carrageenan induced rat paw edema model compared with standard drug (Indomethacin). The selected plant extracts significantly inhibited paw edema along with the standard drug Indomethacin. Of all extracts, methanol extract produced significant effect on reduction of increased paw thickness, hydro alcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts produced moderate percentage inhibition and hexane extract produced low level of percentage inhibition in reducing paw edema on carrageenan induced rats. In all extracts, methanol extract at a dose of 500mg/kg showed more percentage inhibition i.e . 53.47±2.19. From the results obtained during the study it is concluded that C. rottleri having the bioactive molecule responsible for Anti-inflammatory activity by individually or by combination of different bio-active compounds present in it. Further is necessary for isolation and characterization of bioactive molecules which are responsible for the selected plant biological activities.
Unsupervised Source Hierarchies for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation

Incorporating source syntactic information into neural machine translation (NMT) has recently proven successful (Eriguchi et al., 2016; Luong et al., 2016). However, this is generally done using an outside parser to syntactically annotate the training data, making this technique difficult to use for languages or domains for which a reliable parser is not available. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised tree-to-sequence (tree2seq) model for neural machine translation; this model is able to induce an unsupervised hierarchical structure on the source sentence based on the downstream task of neural machine translation. We adapt the Gumbel tree-LSTM of Choi et al. (2018) to NMT in order to create the encoder. We evaluate our model against sequential and supervised parsing baselines on three low- and medium-resource language pairs. For low-resource cases, the unsupervised tree2seq encoder significantly outperforms the baselines; no improvements are seen for medium-resource translation.
Gate-Tunable and Thickness-dependent Electronic and Thermoelectric Transport in few-layer MoS2

Over the past few years, there has been a growing interest in layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Most studies so far have focused on the electronic and optoelectronic properties of single-layer MoS2, whose band structure features a direct bandgap, in sharp contrast to the indirect bandgap of thicker MoS2. In this paper, we present a systematic study of the thickness-dependent electrical and thermoelectric properties of few-layer MoS2. We observe that the electrical conductivity () increases as we reduce the thickness of MoS2 and peaks at about two layers, with six-time larger conductivity than our thickest sample (23-layer MoS2). Using a back-gate voltage, we modulate the Fermi energy () of the sample where an increase in the Seebeck coefficient () is observed with decreasing gate voltage () towards the subthreshold (OFF state) of the device, reaching as large as in a four-layer MoS2. While previous reports have focused on a single-layer MoS2 and measured Seebeck coefficient in the OFF state, which has vanishing electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power factor (), we show that MoS2-based devices in their ON state can have as large as in the two-layer sample. The increases with decreasing thickness then drops abruptly from double-layer to single-layer MoS2, a feature we suggest as due to a change in the energy dependence of the electron mean-free-path according to our theoretical calculation. Moreover, we show that care must be taken in thermoelectric measurements in the OFF state to avoid obtaining erroneously large Seebeck coefficients when the channel resistance is very high. Our study paves the way towards a more comprehensive examination of the thermoelectric performance of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors.
Engineering catalytic efficiency of thermophilic lipase from Geobacillus zalihae by hydrophobic residue mutation near the catalytic pocket

In-silico and experimental investigations were conducted to explore the effects of substituting hydrophobic residues; Val, Met, Leu, Ile, Trp and Phe into the oxyanion Q114 of T1 lipase. We hypothesized that the oxyanion Q114, involved in substrate binding is also associated with modulation of conformational stability and in conferring specific enzyme attributes. The insilico investigations accurately predicted the quality of the protein packing in some of the variants. Our study found by altering the hydrophobicity of the oxyanion 114, remarkably altered enzyme conformational stability and catalytic attributes. Substitution with Leu resulted improvements in four out of the six tested characteristics. The hydrophobic Leu might have improved local structure folding and increased hydrophobic interactions with other residues in the vicinity of the mutation. The Met variant showed higher activity over the wild-type in hydrolyzing a wider range of natural oils. The bulky amino acids, Phe and Trp negatively affected T1 lipase and resulted in the largest disruption of protein stability and inferior enzyme characteristics. We have successfully illustrated that a single point residue changes at oxyanion 114 could result in a myriad of enzyme attributes, which implied there was some interplay between hydrophobicity and conformation for lipase catalytic functions.
PHONETIC SEGMENTATION

Speech segmentation is the process of splitting and identifying the boundaries between different units of speech, i.e., words, syllables, and phones. This paper focuses on the automatic phonetic segmentation of speech and the methods used for its evaluation. We explain the current methods used for the evaluation of speech segmentation and highlight the details that have not been sufficiently addressed in the literature. Several metrics are explained for analysis. The phones are grouped into several classes and the phone class transitions are observed. We found that, most of the errors comes from those class transitions which are also difficult for humans to segment.
EACTP: GIAO THỨC CÂY THU THẬP DỮ LIỆU CẢI TIẾN CHO MẠNG CẢM BIẾN KHÔNG DÂY

Hiện nay, các giao thức thu thập dữ liệu đang nhận được nhiều sự quan tâm của cộng đồng nghiên cứu mạng cảm biến. Trong các giao thức này, giao thức cây thu thập dữ liệu CTP (Collection Tree Protocol) là giao thức được quan tâm nhiều nhất. Một vài công trình nghiên cứu gần đây [1, 2, 3] đã cho thấy CTP là một giao thức cây thu thập dữ liệu hiệu quả và đáng tin cậy. Tuy nhiên, giao thức CTP hiện tại vẫn còn tồn tại một số nhược điểm cần khắc phục. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đề xuất và thiết kế giao thức cây thu thập dữ liệu có sự nhận thức về năng lượng EACTP (Energy Aware Collection Tree Protocol) nhằm cân bằng năng lượng giữa các nút mạng thuộc những tuyến đường có chất lượng liên kết tốt và nâng cao thời gian sống của các nút mạng. Giao thức EACTP sử dụng thước đo chất lượng liên kết ETX (Expected Transmission) và trạng thái năng lượng còn lại ES (Energy State) trên các nút chuyển tiếp để lựa chọn tuyến đường tối ưu. Các kết quả mô phỏng đã cho thấy giao thức EACTP đảm bảo được sự cân bằng năng lượng giữa các nút mạng và thời gian sống của các nút mạng được cải thiện tốt hơn so với giao thức CTP ban đầu.
TITLE: Understanding and Targeting Epigenetic Alterations in Acquired Bone Marrow Failure

s: Abdel-Wahab, O, Gao, J, Adli, MM, Chung, YR, Koche, R, Shih, AH, Pandey, S, La Fave, LM, Ndiaye-Lobry, D, Shin, JY, Bhatt, PK, Patel, JP, Zhao, X, Park, CY, Bernstein, BE, Aifantis, I, Levine, RL. Deletion of Asxl1 Results in Myelodysplasia and Severe Developmental Defects in Vivo (Abstract 308). Blood 120(21). American Society of Hematology 2012 Meeting. Presentations: 2012 American Society of Hematology, Biology of MDS Oral Session, Atlanta, GA. 2013 Clinical Translation of Epigenetics in Cancer Therapy, Asheville NC
Transparent Detection of Computer Malware using Virtualization

In this paper, I explore malware detection using a combination of virtualizationand storage-based intrusion detection techniques. By monitoring disk activity of a virtual machine and correlating that activity to knowledge of the filesystem structure on the virtual machine’s disk, an intrusion detection system can react to file changes immediately. Such a system can use a traditional antivirus scanner from the virtual machine monitor on just those files modified within the virtual machine, avoiding the effect of rootkits and other mechanisms that can obscure the view of software operating within the virtual machine, while minimizing unnecessary scanning. I have implemented such a detection system by modifying KVM for Linux, and have used it to observe and scan a Windows XP virtual machine with a FAT32 filesystem. The system was able to efficiently detect malware infections.
Quantitative and regular assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis

Crescendo Bioscience, South San Francisco, United States. Oscar G. Segurado, MD, PhD Eric H. Sasso, MD Please address correspondence to: Oscar G. Segurado, MD, PhD Crescendo Bioscience, 341 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. E-mail: osegurado@crescendobio.com Received on September 15, 2014; accepted in revised form on September 16, 2014. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32 (Suppl. 85): S29-S34. © Copyright CliniCal and ExpErimEntal rhEumatology 2014.
Microdebrider Tonsillotomy in Children with Obstructive Tonsillar Hypertrophy

Aim: To compare intracapsular microdebrider tonsillotomy with conventional cold dissection tonsillectomy in the management of tonsillar hypertrophy causing obstructive airway problems in children. Material and Method: 37 children who underwent microdebrider tonsillotomy were compared with other 45 children who had conventional cold dissection tonsillectomy to examine intraoperative blood loss, operation time, duration of oral intake, intake of analgesics, recovery time and post-operative pain. Results: Children who underwent intra-capsular micro-debrider tonsillotomy had significantly less pain throughout their recovery period than those who had conventional tonsillectomy. In the microdebrider tonsillotomy group intraoperative blood loss, operation time, duration of oral intake, intake of analgesics, and postoperative pain score were found to be less than the conventional tonsillectomy group scores(p <0,05). Tonsillar hypertrophy recurred in two patients of micro-debrider tonsillotomy group. Discussion: Intracapsular tonsillotomy is as effective and safe as conventional tonsillectomy to relieve obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients. Intracapsular microdebrider tonsillotomy reduces postoperative pain, improves quality of life and shorthens the recovery time. Therefore; this procedure is more tolerable in children with obstructive tonsillar hypertropy in respect to conventional tonsillectomy.
HotOS XI: 11th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems

Multicore processors are here but we do not have the parallelism we need in applications to take advantage of this new architecture. Like Dave, most of us agree that parallel programming is hard because people think sequentially and as a community we have been using the same programming models for the past 30 years and thus have not acquired enough experience with parallel programs. An application can be parallelized through the use of threads. However, accesses to shared data must be carefully synchronized to maintain application correctness. Otherwise, deadlocks, live locks, or data races might result.
Differences in trace metal bioaccumulation kinetics among populations of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor from metal-contaminated estuaries

Aquatic organisms exposed to atypically high local bioavailabilities of a toxic metal may come under selection for changes in one or more physiological processes, including the rate of metal uptake from an available source of the metal, the rate of efflux and the rate of detoxification of accumulated metal into a relatively metabolically inert form. We investigated parameters of the bioaccumulation kinetics of the toxic metals Ag, Cd and Zn in populations of the estuarine polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor from differentially metal-contaminated sediments of 5 metal-rich estuaries in SW England and a relatively non-contaminated control estuary in SE England. One population (from Restronguet Creek, Cornwall) is known to be tolerant to raised availabilities of Zn and Cu. We compared uptake rate constants from solution (Ku) and assimilation efficiencies (AE) from sediment, and subsequent efflux rate constants (Ke) after uptake (from either water or ingested sediment) for each of the 3 metals among all populations. There was some limited interpopulation variation in the biodynamic parameters controlling bioaccumulation (and potential ecotoxicity) of trace metals between populations. There did not, however, appear to be consistent patterns to such variation. The basis of Zn tolerance in the Restronguet Creek population is not due to a reduction of Zn uptake from either solution or ingested sediment, or increased efflux of Zn accumulated after uptake from either route. The most likely mechanism is, therefore, an increased capacity for storage detoxification of Zn accumulated after regulation of Zn body concentration has broken down.
Preparing to Scout the Next Frontier: Hardware and Operational Constraints Encountered During Targeting of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle Cameras

COUNTERED DURING TARGETING OF THE LUNAR RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER CAMERA NARROW ANGLE CAMERAS. S. J. Lawrence, M. S. Robinson, B. L. Jolliff, E. Bowman-Cisneros, T. Tranh, J. D Stopar, B. R. Hawke, S. D. Thompson, S. Koeber, and the LROC Targeting Action Team School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ (sjlawren@asu.edu) Department of Earth and Space Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI