Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of the 2017 World Health Organization Classification System for gastric neuroendocrine tumors: A single-center experience.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (G-NETs) are rare tumors, but their incidence is gradually increasing. Despite the existence of many classification systems, determining prognosis and planning treatment in patients with G-NETs remains a clinical challenge. In this study, the prognostic value of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 grading system and the effect of surgery on survival in low grade neuroendocrine tumors were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS G-NETs who were diagnosed between January 2000 and May 2017 were included in the study. Patients' demographic characteristics, treatment details, and survival data were obtained from medical charts. Pathological samples were re-classified according to the WHO 2017 grading system. RESULTS Of the total 94 evaluated patients, 50 (53.2%) were classified with G1 NETs, 37(39.4%) with G2 NETs, 4(4.2%) with well-differentiated G3 NETs, and the remaining 3 patients with poorly differentiated G3 neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). The median follow-up time was 83.2 months. There was a statistically significant difference in 5-year progression free survival (PFS) between G1 tumors (100%) and G2 tumors (76%) (p<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant deference in 5-year overall survival rate (OS) for G1 (97%) and G2 (82%) tumors (p=0.141). When G2 and G1 NETs were compared according to their surgical approach, radical surgery was more frequently performed in patients with G2 tumors (p<0.001). However, radical surgery did not improve PFS in G1 and G2 NETs. CONCLUSION The WHO 2017 NET classification system may have low prognostic value for determining the prognosis of patients with G1 and G2 tumors. Radical surgery for G1 and G2 NETs did not improve PFS in our study.
Running head: Immune & inflammation markers and future NHL risk

Although severe immune dysregulation is an established risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the importance of subclinical immunologic effects is unclear. Few prospective studies have investigated circulating immune markers and NHL, and those conducted have been limited in size or number of analytes. To better understand this question, we compared baseline serum levels of 67 immune and inflammation markers between 301 NHL cases diagnosed 5+ years after blood collection and 301 controls within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We observed associations with NHL for elevated B-cell attracting chemokine-1 (BCA-1; fourth quartile vs. first: odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.7-4.2; Ptrend=1.0 x 10 ), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (sTNFR2; 3.4, 2.0-5.8; Ptrend=1.1 x 10 ), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (sVEGFR2; 2.3, 1.4-3.9; Ptrend=0.0005) that remained significant following Bonferroni correction, simultaneous model adjustment, and restriction to cases diagnosed 8-13 years following blood collection. Associations with other markers were observed, although none remained associated with NHL after adjustment for BCA1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2. Our findings suggest that circulating BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2 are associated with NHL risk well in advance of diagnosis. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings and elucidate the underlying biologic mechanisms. For personal use only. on September 24, 2017. by guest www.bloodjournal. org From
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice assessment of dental professionals towards diabetes : a cross sectional study

Introduction: Diabetes and its acute complications have become a significant health hazard worldwide, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. To date, there is no data on the awareness of dental professionals regarding the management of diabetic patients. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental professionals in India regarding the clinical manifestations and management of diabetic patients. Materials and Method: The study was cross–sectional, comprising of 100 dental professionals, including dental graduates, post graduates, faculty members of dental colleges and private practitioners from the Delhi NCR region. Data was obtained by a self completion questionnaire which was pretested by conducting a pilot study, comprising of a fourteen item questionnaire aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental fraternity regarding the manifestations and management of diabetic patients. In the questionnaire, nine questions aimed at assessing the knowledge, two questions assessed the attitude and three were for practice assessment. Results: The results showed a clear cut knowledge deficit amongst dental fraternity regarding the manifestations and management of diabetics in dental practice. Conclusion: The present study showed low level of awareness of dental fraternity regarding diabetes. Therefore, designing strong curriculum resources for oral health care providers, in order to enhance their awareness towards diabetes is the need of the hour.
Engineering a human IgG2 antibody stable at low pH

IgG2 subclass antibodies have unique properties that include low effector function and a rigid hinge region. Although some IgG2 subclasses have been clinically tested and approved for therapeutic use, they have a higher propensity than IgG1 for aggregation, which can curtail or abolish their biological activity and enhance their immunogenicity. In this regard, acid‐induced aggregation of monoclonal antibodies during purification and virus inactivation must be prevented. In the present study, we replaced the constant domain of IgG2 with that of IgG1, using anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP) IgG2 as a model antibody, and investigated whether that would confer greater stability. While the anti‐DNP IgG2 antibody showed significant aggregation at low pH, this was reduced for the IgG2 antibody containing the IgG1 CH2 domain. Substituting three amino acids within the CH2 domain—namely, F300Y, V309L, and T339A (IgG2_YLA)—reduced aggregation at low pH and increased CH2 transition temperature, as determined by differential scanning calorimetric analysis. IgG2_YLA exhibited similar antigen‐binding capacity to IgG2, low affinity for FcγRIIIa, and low binding ability to C1q. The same YLA substitution also reduced the aggregation of panitumumab, another IgG2 antibody, at low pH. Our engineered human IgG2 antibody showed reduced aggregation during bioprocessing and provides a basis for designing improved IgG2 antibodies for therapeutic applications.
Optionen zur Intensivierung einer Basalinsulintherapie bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes

Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes, die eine mit Basalinsulin unterstützte orale Therapie (BOT) erhalten, entsteht häufig die Notwendigkeit zur weiteren Intensivierung der Therapie. In derartigen Situationen sind Glucagon-like-peptide-1-Rezeptoragonisten (GLP-1-RA) wegen ihrer sich ergänzenden Eigenschaften zu Insulin besonders gut für die Kombinationstherapie geeignet. Methodik: Anhand von Studien zur Intensivierung einer bestehenden Insulintherapie mit den GLP-1-RA Exenatid, Liraglutid oder Albiglutid wird der Stellenwert von GLP-1-RA im Vergleich zu kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga bei der Intensivierung einer BOT bei Typ-2-Diabetes analysiert. Ergebnisse: In der Gesamtschau von zehn randomisierten kontrollierten Studien, insbesondere der 4B-Studie zu Exenatid, der BEGIN-VICTOZA-ADD-ON-Studie zu Liraglutid und der HARMONY-6-Studie zu Albiglutid, wurden mit GLP-1-RA und kurz wirksamen Insulinen mindestens gleich gute HbA1c-Reduktionen erreicht. Einzelne Studien zeigen für GLP-1-RA Vorteile hinsichtlich einer um ca. 0,5 – 1,5 mmol/l stärkeren Reduktion des Nüchternblutzuckers, weniger Hypoglykämien, einer deutlich günstigeren Gewichtsentwicklung, einer Reduktion des systolischen Blutdrucks um ca. 4 – 5 mmHg. Dagegen können mit kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga postprandiale Blutzuckerwerte gezielter beeinflusst und zur Förderung der Therapieadhärenz und -persistenz unerwünschte gastrointestinale Ereignisse zu Therapiebeginn vermieden werden. GLP-1-RA können die Therapieadhärenz im Vergleich zu kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga verbessern durch Körpergewichtsreduktionen, weniger Hypoglykämien, eine geringe Komplexität der Behandlung und eine höhere Therapiezufriedenheit. Bei bestimmten Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes konnte im Verlauf die Insulindosis reduziert oder Insulin abgesetzt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Der Vergleich von GLP-1-RA und kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga als Optionen zur Therapieintensivierung bei einer BOT ergibt ein differenziertes Bild, das die Basis für ein individualisiertes therapeutisches Vorgehen bei Patienten mit unzureichend kontrolliertem Typ-2-Diabetes darstellt. Offene Fragen bestehen hinsichtlich langfristiger Auswirkungen auf diabetesbezogene Komplikationen und bezüglich des individuell optimalen Zeitpunktes der erstmaligen Gabe von GLP-1-RA.
Using the SITAR Method to Estimate Age at Peak Height Velocity of Children in Rural South Africa: Ellisras Longitudinal Study

Various studies have been conducted on children using the Ellisras Longitudinal Study Survey in South Africa, but none of these has addressed growth variations of children in this rural location. The aim of this paper is to assess the age at peak height velocity using the superimposition by translation and rotation (SITAR) method for both boys and girls in rural South Africa. The study is part of the on-going Ellisras Longitudinal Study, and has employed secondary data during the period from November 1996 to November 2003. The data was collected biannually in May and November each year. The Ellisras study initially followed a cluster sampling method. All participating children underwent a series of anthropometric measurements of height and weight according to the standard procedures recommended by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. The analysis was done using the SITAR model. Age at peak height velocity for Ellisras rural children was at 14.45 years for boys at 11.82 years for girls. Ellisras rural girls had their age at peak height velocity way earlier than Ellisras rural boys did by an estimated 2.63 years. Ellisras rural children and their growth variations were comparable to other studies.
Biopolymer-based Nanotechnology Approaches to Deliver Bioactive Compounds for Food Applications: A Perspective on the Past, Present and Future.

Food nanotechnology is an emerging and rapidly evolving field that encompasses an extremely broad of disciplines and has found various applications in different food sectors. The objective of this perspective is to update the current knowledge on the nanotechnology-based approaches to prepare nanoscale delivery vehicles for bioactive compounds. Research progress on the development of nanoparticles made from food biopolymers (i.e., protein and polysaccharide) is particularly highlighted. In addition, two types of most recently developed nanoscale delivery systems, i.e. protein-polysaccharide complex and lipid-biopolymer hybrid nanoparticles, are introduced and their relevant applications are discussed. Finally, suggestions for future research directions on developing safe, effective, and edible nanoscale delivery vehicles for food applications are given.
A NOVEL ENSEMBLE CLASSIFIER APPROACH FOR ANOMALY DETECTION IN CREDIT CARD TRANSACTIONS

Analytics is the future of big data because only changing data into information provides them importance besides be able to fit facts in commercial economical improvement. Huge data volumes, their variation and the increasing rapidity their development, expanse the limits of out-of-date data warehouses. This research examines the remunerations of Big Data technology and main approaches of analysis that can be applied to the particular case of fraud detection in credit card banking systems. Assists two important functions: It parcels out work to several bulges inside the cluster or map, and it categorizes and reduces the outcomes from each node or cluster into a cohesive answer to a query. The most existing Fraud detection system are Neural Network (NN), Rule-Based Techniques, Fluffy System, Choice Trees, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Counterfeit Immune Framework (CIF), hereditary algorithms, K-Nearest Neighbor algorithms. In this paper, A Novel Ensemble Classifier (NEC) Algorithm is used to detect the fraud when transaction is in progress. The results in the paper on this dataset too appear that the proficiency and Exactness of NEC calculation is better than that of any other classifiers.
Ursolic acid improves monocrotaline induced right ventricular remodeling by regulating metabolism.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and malignant disease characterized by pulmonary small arteries and right ventricle (RV) remodeling that can lead to severe RV dysfunction and death. The current therapeutic targets for RV dysfunction, which is strongly linked to mortality, are far from adequate. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, on PAH-induced RV remodeling and its underlying mechanism. We established a PAH model by injecting Sprague Dawley rats with monocrotaline (MCT, 60mg/kg, ip), as verified by echocardiography and hemodynamic examination. Proteomic analysis was performed on RV samples using a Q Exactive high-field mass spectrometer, followed by KEGG enrichment analysis. The effect of 4 weeks of UA (50 mg/kg) treatment on RV remodeling was explored based on ultrasound, hemodynamic parameters, and histological changes, with the mechanism verified in vivo and in vitro by qRT-PCR and western blotting. RV hypertrophy, fibrosis, increased apoptosis, and abnormal metabolism were induced by MCT and suppressed by UA via a mechanism that changed the expression of key markers. UA also attenuated the Phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα), a key fatty acid metabolism regulator, as well as its downstream factor carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b. In conclusion, UA exerts beneficial effects on PAH-induced RV dysfunction and remodeling by regulating PPARα-dependent fatty acid metabolism.
To determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of emergency contraception among clients attending family planning clinic at the Kenyatta National Hosp ital.

Objective: To assess the Knowledge Attitude Practice of Emergency Contraceptive among clients attending family planning clinic at KNH. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Methodology: 385 women attending Family planning clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital who consented, had a questionnaire administered on knowledge, Attitude and practice of emergency contraceptive. Results: Knowledge of regular contraceptives methods was high since 96.1% of those interviewed knew of More than three methods of contraception. Twenty nine per cent of the respondents listed postinor as one of the methods they knew. There was 38.7% of the respondents who knew of emergency contraception and 50.7% of them had used EC. Most of the knowledge on EC was got from friends (48.7%) but only 12% got information from health clinics. The knowledge on timing for the use of EC was good with 82.7% saying the method should be used within 2days of unprotected sexual intercourse. Over 94% of the respondents were of the view that rape victims should be given EC. On the other hand, 95.2%disagreed with idea of placing the EC in public places. On whether EC is abortifacient, 27.3% thought it was. Those that would get their EC form a chemist were 51.7% while 47.6% would get the EC from health centers and hospitals. Conclusion: Knowledge on Emergency Contraceptive was low at 38.7%. There was unmet need on usage of oral contraceptive. Health provider should disseminate the knowledge of Emergency Contraceptive through government administration and the media.
Decentralised Security System Using Biometric

—thesurgingdeploymentof Wi-Fi hotspots in public Places drives the blossoming oflocation-based services (LBSs) Available. A recent measurement reveals that a large portionof the reported locations are either forged or superfluous,which calls attention to location authentication. However, existingauthentication approaches breach user’s location privacy, whichis of wide concern of both individuals and governments. Inthis paper, we propose PriLA, a privacy-preserving locationauthentication protocol that facilitates location authenticationwithout compromising user’s location privacy in Wi-Fi networks.PriLA exploits physical layer information, namely carrier frequency offset (CFO) and multipath profile, from user’s frames.In particular, PriLA leverages CFO to secure wireless transmission between the mobile user and the access point (AP), andmeanwhile authenticate the reported locations without leakingthe exact location information based on the coarse-grainedlocation proximity being extracted from user’multipath profile. Existing privacy preservation techniques on upper layers can be Applied on top of PriLA to enable various applications. We haveImplementedPriLAon GNU Radio/ USRP platform and off the Shelf Intel 5300 NIC. The experimental results demonstrate thePracticality of CFO injection and accuracy of multipath profile Based location authentication in a real-world environment.
Comparison of the Efficiency of BLUP and GBLUP in Genomic Prediction of Immune Traits in Chickens

Simple Summary With the rapid development of the poultry industry, outbreaks of certain avian diseases such as avian influenza, Newcastle disease, and salmonellosis can cause severe loss to local economies. An effective method to avoid this problem may be developing resistant lines on the basis of immune response traits. In our study, when the number of genotyped reference animals was small, the traditional pedigree-based method (BLUP) was more efficient than the genetic linear unbiased prediction of genomes (GBLUP) method in predicting the genetic parameters of sheep red blood cell antibody titer (SRBC), the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L), the spleen immune index (SII) and the spleen weight at 100 d (SW) in Beijing oil chickens. Abstract Poultry diseases pose a large threat to poultry production. Selection to improve immune traits is a feasible way to prevent and control avian diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of estimation of genetic parameters for antibody response to avian influenza virus (Ab-AIV), antibody response to Newcastle disease virus (Ab-NDV), sheep red blood cell antibody titer (SRBC), the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L), immunoglobulin G (IgG), the spleen immune index (SII), thymus immune index (TII), thymus weight at 100 d (TW) and the spleen weight at 100 d (SW) in Beijing oil chickens, by using the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method and genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) method. The phenotypic data used in the two methods were the same and were from 519 individuals. With the BLUP model, Ab-AIV, Ab-NDV, SRBC, H/L, IgG, TII, and TW had low heritability ranging from 0.000 to 0.281, whereas SII and SW had high heritability of 0.631 and 0.573. With the GBLUP model, all individuals were genotyped with Illumina 60K SNP chips, and Ab-AIV, Ab-NDV, SRBC, H/L and IgG had low heritability ranging from 0.000 to 0.266, whereas SII, TII, TW and SW had moderate heritability ranging from 0.300 to 0.472. We compared the prediction accuracy obtained from BLUP and GBLUP through 50 time 5-fold cross-validation (CV), and the results indicated that BLUP provided a slightly higher accuracy of prediction than GBLUP in this population.
Brain Tumor Detection Using Clustering Algorithms in MRI Images

- Brain tumor is an accumulation of abnormal cells in the brain. Detection of tumor from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan is one of the most promising research topics in medical image processing. This paper presents a novel tumor detection system in MRI images using k-means technique integrated with Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm and artificial neural network (ANN). ANN is used to classify the MRI images into two categories; normal and tumor image. The proposed system takes benefit of both integrated algorithms in the aspect of minimal computation time and accuracy. It accurately extracts the tumor region and calculates the tumor area. The accuracy is calculated by comparing results with the ground truth (GT) of processed image.
An Overview of Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis: A Review

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health threat in the current Era. The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and also multi drug resistant (MDR) and extremely drug resistant (XDR)-TB posses a vital challenge to the control of the disease. This literature review provides a brief discussion of existing drugs and emerging drug targets, and also of the advantages of incorporating modern drug delivery systems and immune modulators in order to improve the existing treatment regimen in terms of better efficacy, reduced drug administration frequency, shortened period of treatment and reduced drug related toxicity. The investigation for a new drug target is essential to continue the battle against MDR and XDR-TB. However, owing to the enormous cost and time involved in new drug development, improvement of the existing treatment regimen is seen to be a valid alternative.
Development of a minigenome cassette for Lettuce necrotic yellows virus: A first step in rescuing a plant cytorhabdovirus

Rhabdoviruses are enveloped negative-sense RNA viruses that have numerous biotechnological applications. However, recovering plant rhabdoviruses from cDNA remains difficult due to technical difficulties such as the need for concurrent in planta expression of the viral genome together with the viral nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L) and viral genome instability in E. coli. Here, we developed a negative-sense minigenome cassette for Lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV). We introduced introns into the unstable viral ORF and employed Agrobacterium tumefaciens to co-infiltrate Nicotiana with the genes for the N, P, and L proteins together with the minigenome cassette. The minigenome cassette included the Discosoma sp. red fluorescent protein gene (DsRed) cloned in the negative-sense between the viral trailer and leader sequences which were placed between hammerhead and hepatitis delta ribozymes. In planta DsRed expression was demonstrated by western blotting while the appropriate splicing of introduced introns was confirmed by sequencing of RT-PCR product.