Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation

This paper presents a literature review about the application of blockchain-based systems in transportation. The main aim was to identify, through the implementation of a multi-step methodology: current research-trends, main gaps in the literature, and possible future challenges. First, a bibliometric analysis was carried out to obtain a broad overview of the topic of interest. Subsequently, the most influential contributions were analysed in depth, with reference to the following two areas: supply chain and logistics; road traffic management and smart cities. The most important result is that the blockchain technology is still in an early stage, but appears extremely promising, given its possible applications within multiple fields, such as food track and trace, regulatory compliance, smart vehicles’ security, and supply-demand matching. Much effort is still necessary for reaching the maturation stage because several models have been theorized in recent years, but very few have been implemented within real contexts. Moreover, the link blockchain-sustainability was explored, showing that this technology could be the trigger for limiting food waste, reducing exhaust gas emissions, favouring correct urban development, and, in general, improving quality of life.
Microencapsulation as an Effective Tool for the Design of Functional Textiles

The importance of active coatings for smart textiles increased rapidly in the textile market, due to compétition, gaining added value, and increasing market possibilités. Since the last décade, the consumers do not only search for aesthetic properties, but also Functional properties. In This context, micro encapsulation and microcapsules have been playing an important rôle to achieve the desired properties, due to the own spécificités, i.e., protection of the active substance, controlled release, compatibility, and also providing higher specific surface area to enhance the functionalities. This Technology allows encapsulating a wide range of coré materials, such as aqueous solutions, water-immiscible Liquids, and solid particles. The formulation of microcapsules composed of polymeric material and an encapsulating active principle is demanding though many approaches have been used for a textile application, such interfacial polymerization, in situ polymerization, phase coacervation or solvent évaporation. Now a days, the Most attractive commercial uses are oriented toward the improvement of the textile performances such as the controlled release of the active substance for cosmeto-textiles, insect repellent textiles, or medical textiles, the thermal comfort with the encapsulation of phase change materials, aesthetic effect with the entrapment of thermochromic solution, or wearer’s protection.
12861 Alta Tierra Rd

We address a longstanding question about the causes of creative destruction. Dominant incumbent firms, long successful in an existing technology, are often much less successful in new technological eras. This is puzzling, since a cursory analysis would suggest that incumbent firms have the potential to take advantage of economies of scope across new and old lines of business and, if economies of scope are unavailable, to simply reproduce entrant behavior by creating a “firm within a firm. ” There are two broad streams of explanation for incumbent failure in these circumstances. One posits that incumbents fear cannibalization in the market place, and so under invest in the new technology. The second suggests that incumbent firms develop organizational capabilities and cognitive frames that make them slow to “see” new opportunities and that make it difficult to respond effectively once the new opportunity is identified. In this paper we draw on two of the most important historical episodes in the history of the computing industry, the introduction of the PC and of the browser to develop a third hypothesis. Both IBM and Microsoft, having been extremely successful in an old technology, came to have grave difficulties competing in the new, despite some dramatic early success. We suggest that these difficulties reflect not only the existence of strategic interdependencies between the old and new businesses and, perhaps, inherited cognitive frames, but also the presence of diseconomies of scope caused by the presence of assets that are “necessarily shared” across both businesses. We show that both Microsoft and IBM were initially very successful in creating free standing business units that could compete with entrants on their own terms, but that as the new businesses the interaction between the strategic interdependencies across old and new businesses and the need to share key firm level assets imposed significant costs on both businesses and created severe organizational conflict. In IBM and Microsoft’s case this conflict eventually led to control over the new business being given to the old -a result that is intriguingly consistent with some recent developments in organizational economics – and that in both cases effectively crippled the new business. 1 We are all affiliated with the NBER and also with, respectively, Department of Economics, Stanford University; Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University; and Harvard Business School, Harvard University. We thank Bill Aspray, James Cortada, Robert Gibbons, Brent Goldfarb, Tom Haigh, Bronwyn Hall, Bill Lowe, Cary Sherburne, Kristina Steffensen McElheran, Alicia Shems, Ben Slivka, Scott Stern, Catherine Tucker and many seminar audiences for comments. We are responsible for
A Noisy Channel Model for Systematizing Unpredictable Input Variation

Children’s language production is often more regular than their input. For example, after hearing an artificial language that contains unpredictable variability, children learn a grammar that is more deterministic and produces less variability than what they heard [15, 14]. Given the overwhelming evidence that children are sensitive to the statistical properties of their input while learning language (e.g. Saffran et al. [28]), it is surprising to find cases in which they do not adhere to those statistical properties. Children’s regularization behavior is robust to both the amount of variability and the number of variants present in the artificial language, and it contrasts with the behavior of adults, who tend to learn a grammar that closely matches the statistics of their input [15, 14]. In this paper we focus on a case study by Singleton and Newport [29], who found similar regularization behavior in a naturalistic setting. They looked at Simon, a deaf child of non-native American Sign Language (ASL) speaking parents. At the time of the study, Simon’s parents were the only speakers of ASL in his town, and so Simon likely had no access to native ASL input. Simon’s parents’ ASL production was significantly more variable than a control group of native ASL speakers. Despite having more variability in his input, Simon performed similarly to children of native ASL speakers on a collection of ASL production tasks. We propose that this type of regularization behavior arises through a noisy channel assumption that children make during learning. Specifically, we propose that they assume some portions of their input are signal and other portions are noise with respect to the learning problem at hand. They then filter out the noise data points during the learning process and acquire grammars consistent with only the remaining signal input [24, 26]. The intuition is that if children filter out all of the low-frequency variants of a grammatical item that varies unpredictably, then they learn a grammar that disallows those variants, effectively regularizing their input. We implement a learning model that incorporates this noisy channel assumption and show that our simulated learner regularizes its input.
OPTO_A_226000 173..180

Khaled Alzahrani 1–3 Hanan Mofty Emily YC Lin Fiona Carley Arun Brahma Debbie Morley Susmito Biswas M Chantal Hillarby 1Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 2Research Department, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK; 3King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 4Optometry Department, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Purpose: In this study densitometry software for the Oculus Pentacam was used to investigate the treatment outcomes of corneal cross linking (CXL) in adult and juvenile keratoconus (KCN) patients. Densitometry measurements were taken before and after treatment and followed up for one year. Methods: A comparative study was carried out at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital. Corneal densitometry measurements collected before and after CXL treatment for 32 eyes from KC patients, aged between 12 and 39, were divided to 2 groups 13–18 years (juvenile group) and 19–39 years (adult group) and analysed and compared to pre and post treatment at 3, 6 and 12 months for each group and between both groups. Results: Analysis of densitometry measurements found higher corneal densitometry after CXL which peaks at three months post treatment in both groups. There was significant diversity in corneal densitometry measurements in the stromal zone 0–2 and 2–6 mm for all layers except the posterior layer for both groups (P<0.05). Significantly increased densitometry value was found higher in the juvenile group at six months in the central (P=0.006) and posterior (P=0.004) layers for zone 0–2 mm. The same layers differed significantly also in the 2–6 mm zone in all layers (P=0.01). One year post treatment the same significant increased densitometry level was seen in the juvenile group in the 0–2 mm zone of the central (P=0.007) and posterior layers (P=0.01), as was the 2–6 mm zone (P=0.04). However, no significant difference was found between pre and post treatment for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest area between both groups. A significant difference was found between pre and post treatment for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), in the adult group at 6 and 12 months posttreatment from pre-treatment (P=0.02, P=0.16) respectively. Conclusion: Corneal clarity post CXL treatment in the juvenile group differed significantly from the adult group. Both groups showed increased haze at 3 months post treatment but the adults showed improvement over the next 9 months. In contrast, the juvenile group showed higher densitometry readings at both 6 and 12 months post treatment in comparison to adult group. The reasons for this remain unclear.
DERLEME MAKALESİ / REVIEW ARTICLE

Propolis contains more than 300 active constituents. In these active constituents, phenolic compounds mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids having biological effects are important. The functional properties of propolis depend on its source and chemical constituents, propolis has several biological activities, such as antimicrobial (antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasiter and antifungal), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiulcer effects. In addition to useful effects, propolis may have harmful effects according to its source and chemical constituents. Therefore, propolis should collect deliberatively, make extraction properly, carry out analysis of constituents of propolis, and then consume of propolis. If the propolis prepare in this manner, propolis quality may determine and standardize. Thus, constituents and their amounts of propolis those consuming and useful effects can know. In this sense, studies in Turkey should focus on Turkish propolis and their constituents and levels.
Best Practices for Replicable Research on Gender Differences

Gender has long been at the forefront of psychological research. As such, many opposing viewpoints of the role of gender have developed overtime, ranging from claims that there are no gender differences other than those completely caused by problematic socialization, to the alternative that the two genders are innately different. While these are merely two extremes of the views on how gender differences form, most beliefs and understandings fall in the realm of being a combination of the two. However, it is important to note that understanding where gender differences are rooted is an incredibly complex discussion that has yet to be explicitly answered, despite thousands of years attempting to do so. The ability to continue such a debate is therefore reliant upon having access to high-quality empirical evidence. Unfortunately though, modern psychology is jeopardizing said access but reducing the reliability of much of the available evidence. In this paper I describe the role that gender has played within psychology – moving through major debates and current research. I then describe the current limitations of psychological research and how the specifically apply to gender. Ultimately, I explore potential solutions to mitigate the current limitations. Furthermore, I suggest that gender should always be recorded within psychological research but should only be reported if it was a pre-registered variable. This solution specifically reduces the possibility of finding false-positives within gendered research and creates a strong backbone for current and future research about gender. Best Practices for Replicable Research on Gender Differences 3
Determinants of College Major Choice: Identification Using an Information Experiment

This paper studies the determinants of college major choice using an experimentally generated panel of beliefs, obtained by providing students with information on the true population distribution of various major-specific characteristics. Students logically revise their beliefs in response to the information, and their subjective beliefs about future major choice are associated with beliefs about their own earnings and ability. We estimate a rich model of college major choice using the panel of beliefs data. While expected earnings and perceived ability are a significant determinant of major choice, heterogeneous tastes are the dominant factor in the choice of major. Analyses that ignore the correlation in tastes with earnings expectations inflate the role of earnings in college major choices. We conclude by computing the welfare gains from the information experiment and find positive average welfare gains.
Effect of seed priming with inorganics on growth, yield and physiological parameters of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought

A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Biological Sciences at SHUATS Allahabad, during Rabi session 2017-2018 to study the “Effect of seed priming with inorganics on growth, yield and physiological parameters of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Under drought”. The chickpea var. pusa-362 was imposed with seven inorganic seed priming treatments viz., 2% KNO3, 2% NaCl2, 2% CaCl2, 2% KH2PO4, 2% KCl, water soaked for 8 Hours, and control. The treated seeds along with control were evaluated for their morpho-physiological, growth, yield, root parameters and biochemical parameters under laboratory and field conditions. The study revealed that seeds priming techniques with CaCl2 @ 2% recorded highest in plant height (cm), seed yield (g), no. of pods/plant and root parameters of nodules/plant and other biochemical parameters. The increased seed yield in seed priming with CaCl22% attributed to increase in the total chlorophyll, chl-a. and chl-b, total chlorophyll content, proline content, relative water content, protein content as compare to control. The treatments of 2% CaCl2 followed by 2% KNO3 were found to be superior for most physiological parameters. Thus this study indicates that seed priming with inorganics modifies the physiological and biochemical nature of seeds so as to get the characters that are favorable for drought tolerance which more with CaCl2-2% as compared to other treatments.
INTERACTION EFFECTS BETWEEN FEED PHYSICAL FORM AND FEED RESTRICTION ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILERS

SUMMARY One hundred and ninety two, one day old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly distributed into eight treatments to evaluate the effect of feed physical form and feed restriction on body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, gain: feed ratio and carcass characteristics of broilers. Birds were distributed into two diet forms (mash and pellets). Both mash and pellet diet groups were subdivided into 4 treatments each (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, T6, T7, T8, respectively). In the mash or pellets group, feed was offered to birds as following: T1, T5: birds were fed ad libitum, T2 and T6 (feed removed from 12:00 to 18:00 h during a day), T3 and T7 (feed removed from 23:00 to 7:00 h during a day) and T4 and T8 (removed feed from 23:00 to 9:00 h during a day). Feed restriction for 6 hour as in the present study resulted in a better gain: feed ratio without reducing carcass weights, and a significant benefit of feeding the mash diet over the pelleted diet was noted in terms of body weight gain, feed intake gain: feed ratio. Based on these results, it can be concluded that restriction of feed for 6 hours of feeding mash diet increased body weight, body gain and significantly reduced gain: feed ratio but had no consistent effect on overall carcass traits.
Technology , Spatial Sorting , and Job Polarization ̊

Abstract Job polarization and wage inequality have increased substantially in the last four decades, being largely attributed to technological change. But there are two competing drivers: Skill Biased Technological Change (SBTC), leading to a rising college premium; and automation, leading to the replacement of routine occupations and the “hollowing out” of the income distribution. Using a novel data set on Information Technology (IT) adoption, we exploit geographical variation and the sorting patterns of differentially skilled workers to infer the main driver of job and wage polarization. We find strong evidence that there is more automation in big cities; big cities also have a disproportionate decrease in the share of routine cognitive jobs (clerical workers and low-level white collar workers). We propose an economic mechanism where the substitutability of routine workers by IT leads to higher IT adoption in large cities than in small cities. Wages and productivity are higher in large cities, whereas technology prices are constant across cities. This technology also generates thick tails in the skill distribution in large cities.
ANALYSIS OF LOCAL BRANDING TO DEVELOP PLACE BRANDING OF PURWAKARTA REGENCY

The existence of a brand becomes essential in building the identity of a product or service of an institution. One form of a brand strategy used to support the increasing number of tourist destinations is place branding. This branding strategy can also be implemented to support the aspects of regional development. The expected aim is to provide a positive image and reputation for the development progress that is being carried out by the regional government. Purwakarta Regency is one of the districts that is active in the development process based on a Sundanese cultural character, which has been initiated and carried out since the leadership of Regent Dedi Mulyadi until now. It is conducted to translate the vision and mission of the district government. This research uses a quantitative method with questionnaires as the data collection instrument. The results show that the community considers that Purwakarta Regency’s development has shown regional identity that can have a positive impact on Purwakarta regency. It is indicated by the presence and characteristics of Sundanese in the pattern of development in infrastructure and mental character within the Purwakarta district government environment. The conclusions in this study indicate that as many as 52% of the respondents state that Purwakarta regency has a unique place branding characteristic that characterizes a strong Sundanese so that it receives a positive response from the community.
HEAT TREATMENT EFFECTS ON NON-THERMAL SOL-GEL DRIVED

TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposite with molar ratio 1:1 was synthesized by a free calcination sol-gel method using titanium tetra chloride and tetraethylorthosilicate as raw materials. In the composite, TiO2 nanocrystals are highly dispersed in the amorphous SiO2 matrix and the mater showed size quantization effect arising from the presence of extremely small titanium oxide species having a low coordination number. Thermal phase transformation studies of the as-prepared composite were carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC) analyses. The studies showed existence of anatase phase in all the tested temperatures. When temperature exceeds 400°C, brookite phase was formed beside anatase phase. At 950°C amorphous silica matrix was transformed to crystobalite and brookite phase disappeared. Finally, small peaks of rutile phase were detectable at 1100°C.
A preferred vision for administering elementary schools : a reflective essay

I believe that every child born into the world deserves, as their unalienable right, an equal opportunity to a quality education as promised by the United States Congress in 1981. This promise can only be accomplished by maintaining the belief that every child can and will learn if given the opportunity. I believe that within the mind of a child is a natural curiosity about this great world that can through proper nurturing continue throughout their lives. The atmosphere in the school community should be one of caring and acceptance. Plants and animals cannot grow without proper care and nourishment and neither can children or adults. My passion for children and my desire to affect their lives on a larger scale has helped me create my vision of becoming an urban principal who can impact student learning for those children entrusted in my care. This open access graduate research paper is available at UNI ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.uni. edu/grp/593 A PREFERRED VISION FOR ADMINISTERING ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS: A REFLECTIVE ESSAY
Study on features of formulas containing Radix Glycyrrhizae and TCM herbs for dispelling retained water belonging to the 18 incompatible pairs of drugs

Objective: To analyze the ancient formulae which contain both TCM herbs for dispelling retained water(composed of Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis,Flos Genkwa and Radix Kansuiin,according to the Dictionary of TCM Formulae) and Radix Glycyrrhizae,and to investigate their characteristics of compatibility,preparation,age,usage and drug numbers.Methods: Materials and data were processed and analyzed by PASW18.Data mining methods,such as association rules and correspondence analysis were applied.Results: TCM drugs for warming yang,resolving phlegm and activating blood circulation were found to be frequently combined with Radix Glycyrrhizae and TCM herbs for dispelling retained water in the formulae,especially Cortex Cinnamomi,Rhizoma Zingiberis,Radix et Rhizoma Asari,Rhizoma Pinelliae,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Rhizoma Chuanxiong.There were 8 preparations,including plaster,pill,decoction,powder,and so on.The decoction was mainly used in Tang Dynasty,powder in Song Dynasty,and plaster in Qing Dynasty.Formulae for oral administration were used before Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.Formulae for external application were all used in Qing Dynasty.Conclusion: The above-mentioned studies indicated that formulae containing Radix Glycyrrhizae and TCM Herbs for dispelling retained water,which were listed in the 18 incompatible pairs of drugs,were frequently combined with TCM drugs for warming yang,resolving phlegm and activating blood circulation.Formulae for external application were used more than those for oral administration.