Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pragmatic Challenges for the Vision of Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century in a Regulatory Context: Another Ames Test? …or a New Edition of “the Red Book”?

Most toxicologists were pleased when the National Research Council appointed a committee in 2004 to review established methodologies and develop a long-range vision and strategy for toxicity testing in the future. This committee reviewed reports from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other sources and issued an interim report in 2006 entitled ‘‘Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents’’ (NCR, 2006). This report distinguished general toxicity tests from those designed to evaluate specific health effects and classified such tests as battery, tiered or tailored depending on the approach. It also reviewed the use of human data, alternative approaches and emerging technologies. Three chapters in this report included cogent committee observations and these sections plus the summarized information in boxes, tables and the appendix make this soft-cover report a valuable reference companion for the subsequent hard cover report. One of the many observations in this report is that toxicity testing protocols never die but unlike old soldiers who fade away, ‘‘grow like Topsy’’ (e.g., derived from the character, Topsy, in Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin; to ‘‘grow like Topsy’’ is to grow ‘wild, with neither plan, structure or direction) in response to new perceived or real safety concerns. This approach results in a cookbook/checklist of protocols which is increasingly difficult to apply efficiently in the testing of new agents and is totally inadequate to deal with the substantial backlog of untested existing substances prioritized for consideration in evolving regulatory mandates.
REDE SOCIAL COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO-PEDAGÓGICO: POSSIBILIDADE DE USO NA APRENDIZAGEM DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA

O uso informal e pessoal de aparelhos moveis, continuamente, por adolescentes tem despertado a atencao de educadores, especialmente no âmbito do ensino medio. Considerando-se, ainda, a exploracao de redes sociais com finalidade pedagogica, e possivel ampliar a interacao professor-aluno e aluno-aluno desde que bem definidos objetivos e estabelecidas regras para seu uso. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho e discutir, a partir de um estudo de caso, a percepcao de professores e de alunos do ensino medio a respeito do uso de redes sociais, aqui especificamente o Whatsapp, como recurso complementar para a aprendizagem de Lingua Portuguesa. Utilizou-se da tecnica de entrevista a partir de questoes abertas aplicadas a um professor de Lingua Portuguesa do ensino medio publico da cidade de Botucatu-SP. Com base na literatura pesquisada e a partir dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a tecnologia tem sido uma ferramenta de significativa importância para a transformacao dos processos e praticas docentes. Assim, o estudo vem sugerir que, alem das ferramentas que ja existem no âmbito educacional presencial, o professor pode utilizar aparelhos moveis e aplicativos como Whatsapp para fins didatico-pedagogicos. Palavras-chave : Aplicativos. Aprendizagem movel. M-learning. Educacao. Redes Sociais Digitais.
Oblique incidence optimisation of a pyramidal absorber using a frequency selective surface

This paper presents a topology for improving the low frequency performance of pyramidal radar absorbing materials at oblique angles of incidence. The technique uses an embedded frequency selective surface as an impedance matching layer and improves the −40dB reflectivity limit from 6GHz to 4GHz for 102mm pyramidal absorber. The frequency selective surface is based on a resistively loaded dipole FSS and simulations of optimised results of the modified RAM structure are presented.
Digital control of lateral autopilot system applied to an UAV: Optimal control strategy

This paper deals with the optimal digital controlling the roll of some unmanned aerial vehicle in the presence of an arbitrary unmeasured disturbance. The control objective is to minimize the upper bound on the absolute value of the difference between the desired and true roll angles. It is achieved by means of the two separate discrete-time control algorithms. The first algorithm is designed as the optimal PI control law allowing to stabilize a given roll rate. This variable is formed by the second optimal P control algorithm. Results of the simulation experiments are given to illustrate the properties of the proposed algorithms.
TUBERCULOSE BOVINA: ALTERNATIVAS PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO

RESUMO A tuberculose é uma das principais preocupações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, especialmente após o surgimento da AIDS e do aumento da multidroga resistência, sendo considerada a principal causa de morte por um único agente. Além do Mycobaterium tuberculosis, principal responsável pela doença em humanos, outra manifestação de importância epidemiológica é a infecção causada pelo Mycobaterium bovis, devido à transmissão ao homem, especialmente, pela ingestão de alimentos contaminados, e à escassez de dados relacionados a sua prevalência na população. Em várias partes do mundo existem programas de controle da doença nos bovinos, fundamentados na identificação por teste tuberculínico e na eliminação dos animais positivos. As lesões encontradas em exames post-mortem podem ser confirmadas através do isolamento e identificação do agente, porém esse procedimento pode demandar meses para a sua conclusão, razão pela qual, para reduzir o tempo de diagnóstico, novos métodos moleculares são propostos. Para proporcionar uma visão atualizada sobre os esforços no combate da tuberculose bovina, sobre os resultados das campanhas de controle e erradicação e sobre os métodos recentes disponíveis para diagnóstico da tuberculose bovina, como o PCR, neste trabalho é apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica, ressaltando as vantagens e dificuldades para o emprego dos ensaios para diagnóstico e a possibilidade de sua utilização em escala. Concluímos que apesar dos avanços alcançados, ainda não se tem disponível, para a rotina laboratorial, um ensaio sensível, reprodutível e rápido para o diagnóstico da tuberculose em bovinos, sendo essencial esforço e investimento em pesquisas para a solução desse ponto crítico no combate à enfermidade.
the Chronic Phase Development of an Early-Type Response in Cytokine-Rich Cutaneous Milieu for the Hypersensitivity: Importance of a Type 2 Acute and Chronic Phases of Contact Profiles of Draining Lymph Node Cells in Distinct In Vivo and In Vitro Cytokine

Although regional lymph nodes (LN) have been extensively studied as rich sources of effector T cells in contact hypersensitivity (CH), it remains unknown whether T cell responses in the LN reﬂect those in effector skin sites. We previously showed that repeated elicitation of CH results in a shift in the time course of Ag-speciﬁc CH from a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to an early-type response, a reﬂection of a shift in cutaneous cytokine expression from a type 1 to a type 2 proﬁle. To investigate whether repeated elicitation of CH could also drive T cell development to the type 2 phenotype in the regional draining LN, sequential cytokine gene expression after hapten application was assessed during both the acute and the chronic phase of CH. In the draining LN the shift to type 2 cytokine production was also observed, but more mixed patterns of responses were induced than in the corresponding skin sites. The chronic LN cells (LNC), when stimulated in vitro, produced markedly lower levels of type 1 cytokines and higher levels of type 2 cytokines than the acute LNC. A successful passive transfer of an early-type response by the LNC was only induced in the recipient mice when the skin sites chronically treated with hapten were elicited. These results indicate that an early-type response by regional LNC would take place only in a milieu with sufﬁcient levels of type 2 cytokines. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 1265–1273.
Ferrous fumarate fortification of a chocolate drink powder

An evaluation was made into the usefulness of ferrous fumarate as an iron fortificant for an experimental chocolate drink powder targetted to children and adolescents. Organoleptically ferrous fumarate was acceptable when the chocolate drink powder was reconstituted in milk or water that was heated to < 80°. Unacceptable colour changes occurred, however, when boiling milk or water were used. In human Fe absorption studies when the Fe compounds were added to the chocolate drink immediately before consumption, ferrous fumarate was 3.31 % absorbed compared with 2.82% for ferrous sulphate and 2.11 % for ferric pyrophosphate. When the Fe compounds were processed during the manufacture of the chocolate drink powder, the absorption of ferrous fumarate was 5.27 %, ferrous sulphate 2.62 % and ferric pyrophosphate 0.55 %. Ascorbic acid had little or no effect on the absorption of ferrous fumarate. It is concluded that food processing can influence the relative absorption of fortification Fe and that, if not reconstituted with boiling milk or water, ferrous fumarate could be a useful compound for the fortification of chocolate drink powders.
Estudio clínico, funcional y genético en paciente con enfisema pulmonar por déficit de alfa 1 antitripsina

Introduccion : el enfisema pulmonar por deficit de alfa 1 antitripsina es la enfermedad respiratoria hereditaria mas frecuente en la edad adulta. El factor genetico relacionado con la carencia de esta enzima protectora en el pulmon, es la causa del desarrollo del enfisema. Objetivo : conocer las peculiaridades clinicas, funcionales y geneticas del enfisema pulmonar por deficit de alfa 1antitripsina con diagnostico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cronica (EPOC) y su frecuencia en la poblacion de adultos jovenes. Desarrollo : se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 47 anos de edad, con el diagnostico de EPOC que a pesar de un tratamiento adecuado y abandono total del habito de fumar por mas de 10 anos, presento a partir de esta fecha, un empeoramiento progresivo clinico y de su funcion pulmonar. Resultados : el estudio de ADN para determinar genotipos fue concluyente, al obtener el genotipo Pi ZZ, y afirmar la presencia de deficiencia de alfa 1antitripsina. Conclusiones : se demuestra la presencia de esta entidad poco pensada y considerada, en adultos jovenes, con diagnostico de EPOC. Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE AR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
Home-based rehabilitation of severely malnourished children using indigenous high-density diet.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of a 'high-density diet made from indigenous ingredients. METHODS The retrospective study was carried out from September 2009 to May 2010 in District Sanghar, Sindh, Pakistan. A field office was established and staff was recruited and trained. A baseline survey was done to screen for malnourished children aged 6-23 months using mid-upper arm circumference, for which a cut-off value of 115mm was adopted. The screened children with a weight-for-height z score <-3 were registered and were supplied the high-density diet and micronutrients. Their mothers were counselled on infant and young child feeding practices. RESULTS The mean age of 123 children in the study was 15.5±8.5 months, and mean weight was 5.91±1.18kg. Overall, 85(69%) children attained the target weight in a mean duration of 5.08±3.2 months. Besides, 29(23.5%) children were gaining weight, but had not achieved the target by the end of the study. The mean rate of weight-gain of children who recovered was 3.30±3.59 g/kg/day. No significant adverse effects were noted. There was no documented refusal of the therapeutic supplement. The net cost of rehabilitating a child was $34.31. CONCLUSIONS The high-density diet was reasonably efficacious in improving the nutritional status of severely malnourished children.
An Adenovirus Type 5 (Ad5) Amplicon-Based Packaging Cell Line for Production of High-Capacity Helper-Independent ΔE1-E2-E3-E4 Ad5 Vectors

ABSTRACT Production of multiply deleted adenoviral (Ad) vectors with increased cloning capacity and reduced immunogenicity to adenovirus gene products requires the concomitant generation of efficient packaging cell lines. High expression levels of the complementing genes must be achieved in a coordinated fashion with viral replication. This is a particularly difficult task in light of the significant cytotoxicity displayed by adenoviral proteins. To this end, we developed a novel adenovirus-based amplicon with an Epstein-Barr virus origin of replication, Ad type 5 (Ad5) inverted terminal repeats, all Ad5 early region 2 (E2) genes, and the early region 4 (E4) open reading frame 6 (ORF6) under the control of a tetracycline-dependent promoter. The amplicon (pE2) was stably maintained in multiple copies in the nuclei of 293 cells stably expressing the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and allowed replication as a linear DNA upon induction of E2 and ORF6 gene expression. A stable cell line (2E2) was generated by introducing pE2 into 293EBNATet cells expressing the tetracycline-dependent transcriptional silencer and the reverse Tet transactivator (rtTA2). Upon induction with doxicycline, 2E2 cells produced higher levels of polymerase, precursor terminal protein (pTP), and DNA binding protein than noninduced 2E2 cells infected with first-generation Ad5 vector and supported efficient amplification of a multiply deleted Ad5 vector lacking E1, E2, E3, and E4 genes (Ad5ΔE1-4). The high cloning capacity of Ad5ΔE1-4 (up to 12.6 kb) was exploited to construct a vector encoding the entire hepatitis C virus (HCV) polyprotein. Infection of HeLa cells by the resulting vector showed high levels of correctly processed HCV proteins.
A Small Treatise On The Great Virtues The Uses Of Philosophy In Everyday Life

Thank you for reading a small treatise on the great virtues the uses of philosophy in everyday life. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen novels like this a small treatise on the great virtues the uses of philosophy in everyday life, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their laptop.
Efficacy of a Once‐Daily Formulation of Carvedilol for the Treatment of Hypertension

β‐Blockers with pharmacologic effects that differ from conventional agents might add to antihypertensive treatment options. This study evaluated a new once‐daily formulation of the β‐/α1‐blocker, carvedilol controlled‐release (CR), in hypertensive patients off treatment or while still taking up to 2 (non‐β‐blocker) agents. After a 4‐week run‐in phase, patients were randomized either to placebo (n=76) or carvedilol CR 20 mg (n=82), 40 mg (n=76), or 80 mg (n=86) once daily. After 6 weeks of treatment, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was repeated to measure the primary end point of changes in mean 24‐hour diastolic blood pressure. During treatment, 24‐hour diastolic blood pressure fell in the placebo and carvedilol CR 20‐mg, 40‐mg, and 80‐mg groups by (mean + SE) 0.4±0.9, 4.4±0.9, 7.9±0.9, and 9.6±0.9 mm Hg, respectively (P≤.001, trend test for all carvedilol CR doses with placebo). Corresponding 24‐hour systolic blood pressure changes were 0.6±1.4, 6.8±1.3, 10.1±1.4, and 12.5±1.3 mm Hg, respectively (P≤.001, trend test). Diastolic blood pressure trough‐to‐peak ratios (placebo‐corrected) based on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (trough = mean of 20‐ to 24‐hour post‐dose readings; peak = mean of 3‐ to 7‐hour post‐dose readings) for 20‐mg, 40‐mg, and 80‐mg doses were 0.73, 0.64, and 0.65, respectively. Adverse events, including clinical chemistry values, were similar in the drug‐treated and placebo groups. Carvedilol CR has a clinically meaningful defined dose‐dependent antihypertensive effect that persists throughout a 24‐hour period.
Mining the Potential Collaborative Relationships Based on the Author Keyword Coupling Analysis and Social Network Analysis

This study aims at explore and discover the potential collaborative relationship for big data privacy and security literature. We collected data from Web of Science and EI Engineering Village 2 and analysed the data by using social network analysis, author keyword coupling analysis, TF-IDF, co-word analysis and cluster analysis. We find 1,380 collaborative articles from the total number of 1,645 papers. However, 90.92% of all authors published one paper, so it also means that it is valuable to research the potential relationships. The integrity of the entire network is relatively small, interpersonal communication is not too close, but it has a significant potential space for collaboration. Finally, we find many authors have the potential collaborative relationships.
Precise positioning of RFID tags using a phased array antenna

A means of precisely determining the position of an RFID tag, relative to the tag reader, has been developed and applied to the problem of determining the location of an urban rail train along its guideway. With this scheme the position can, in principle, be determined to centimeter accuracy using a sensing antenna array consisting of two identical elements which measures the abrupt 180 degree phase change that occurs in the differential phase of the sum and difference signals formed by the array as the array passes over a tag. Electromagnetic modelling confirms that a reliable phase detection signal can be derived from an array located under a train with RF tags located on the guideway.
Damage mechanisms of suspended animal cells in agitated bioreactors with and without bubble entrainment

We show that when freely suspended hybridoma cells are cultured in an agitated bioreactor, two fluid‐mechanical mechanisms can cause cell damage and growth retardation. The first is present only when there is a gas phase, and is associated with vortex formation accompanied by bubble entrainment and breakup. In the absence of a vortex and bubble entrainment, cells can be damaged only at very high agitation rates, above approximately 700 rpm, by stresses in the bulk turbulent liquid. Cell damage then correlates with Kolmogorov eddy sizes similar to or smaller than the cell size. In the absence of a vortex, the entrainment and motion of very fine bubbles cause no growth retardation even at agitation rates as high as 600 rpm.
Models of the long-term mechanical strength of long rod composite insulators

Different mathematical models of long-term fatigue strength of long-rod insulators were evaluated by studying the effects of superimposed cyclic and constant loads. It has been shown that the strength of composite insulators can well be represented by the power type behavior of the fatigue characteristics and that the time to fatigue failure of a composite insulator strongly depends of the cyclic load amplitude and the maximum level of the total load. It has also been shown that the diameter of the core of composite insulator with crimp-mounted end fittings is the major factor determining the insulator's fatigue and static strength.
In Silico docking studies of selected flavonoids--natural healing agents against breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the serious health concern in India causing the highest mortality rate in females, which occurs due to uncontrolled cell division and can be metastasize to other parts of the human body. Interactions with estrogen receptor (ER) alpha are mainly responsible for the malignant tumors with regulation of the transcription of various genes as a transcription factor. Most of the drugs currently used for the breast cancer treatment produce various side effects and hence we focused on natural compounds which do not exhibit any toxic effect against normal human cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Structure of human ER was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank and the structures of flavonoid compounds have been collected from PubChem database. Molecular docking and drug likeness studies were performed for those natural compounds to evaluate and analyze the anti-breast cancer activity. RESULTS Finally two compounds satisfying the Lipinski's rule of five were reported. The two compounds also exhibited highest binding affinity with human ER greater than 10.5 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study can be implemented in the drug designing pipeline.
Thermal sublimation: a scalable and controllable thinning method for the fabrication of few-layer black phosphorus

We report uniform layer-by-layer sublimation of black phosphorus under heating below 600 K. The uniformity and crystallinity of BP samples after thermal thinning were confirmed by Raman spectra and Raman mapping. The sublimation rate of BP was around 0.18 nm min−1 at 500 K and 1.15 nm min−1 at 550 K. Both room and high temperature Raman peak intensity ratio Si A g 2 as functions of BP thickness were established for in situ thickness determination and control. Uniform and crystalline 2 to 4-layer BP flakes with areas from 10 to 1000 μm2 were prepared with this method. No micron scale defects were observed. The sublimation thinning method was shown to be a controllable and scalable approach to prepare high-quality few-layer black phosphorus.
Reacciones multicomponente en la síntesis de pirroles a través de procesos de bajo impacto ambiental

Los pirroles son compuestos heterociclicos que han ganado gran importancia en los ultimos anos, debido a sus propiedades biologicas y quimicas, que permiten su aplicacion en diversas areas industriales y farmacologicas. Debido a su potencial uso, se han seguido diversas rutas de sintesis para la obtencion de estos compuestos, buscando un bajo impacto ambiental y siguiendo las vias de la quimica verde; por lo cual, en esta revision se estudiaran diversas reacciones multicomponentes (RMC), como una herramienta eficiente para la obtencion de pirroles
Elaborar mapas conceptuales con la Cmaptools en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje

La innovacion en los proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje aprovecha las nuevas tecnologias que permiten al estudiante tomar un papel activo en la construccion de su conocimiento. En este estudio se analiza la eficacia de los mapas conceptuales, elaborados a traves de la herramienta Cmaptool como estrategia didactica de primer curso del grado de terapia ocupacional. En la asignatura Psicologia, crean mapas conceptuales que son evaluados a traves de una rubrica que contempla aspectos tales como el contenido, la apariencia, la precision y la organizacion. Al finalizar el semestre, el alumnado evaluo la repercusion del uso de esta herramienta en su propio aprendizaje a traves de un cuestionario ad-hoc. Se relaciono la calidad del mapa y la opinion del estudiante con su rendimiento academico, no encontrandose relaciones entre las variables. Se concluye que aunque hay evidencias que demuestran la eficacia de los mapas conceptuales en el proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje y que pueden mejorar la comprension de temas complejos e interrelacionados es necesario para que esto ocurra motivar al alumnado para que entienda la construccion del mapa como un proceso reflexivo y no un simple proceso mecanico, asi mismo se necesita ofrecer un feedback constante y un adiestramiento especifico en la herramienta.