Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Senerio of Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Rular Area in East Uttar Pradesh: A Hospital Based Study

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus infection cause for significant health care burden in India and now became threat like other disease – Tuberculosis, Malaria and HIV. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 350 million people with chronic HBV infection and 170 million people with chronic HCV infection worldwide. Hepatitis B is estimated to result in 563000 deaths and hepatitis C in 366000 deaths annually. Materials and Methods: Serum from 4,415 patients who attended Government Medical College and Hospital, Kannauj was screened for detection HBV surface Ag using the Rapid Card Diagnostic Test (Reckone Diagnostic). All rapid test positive samples were further tested by a third-generation Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The overall sero-prevalence of HBV among patients was 2.28%. A high sero-positivity was prevalent in the age group of 21-30 years (0.88%). Conclusion: The sero frequency of hepatitis is high in age group of 21-30 years attending Government Medical College and Hospital, Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh. Introduction Hepatitis B virus infection cause for significant health care burden in India and now became threat like other disease . Hepatitis is an infection causing swelling and inflammation of the liver and chronic form may lead to cirrhosis or cancer of liver. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is principal cause of severe liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis-related end-stage liver disease [1] . The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 350 million people with chronic HBV infection and 170 million people with chronic HCV infection worldwide. Hepatitis B is estimated to result in 563000 deaths and hepatitis C in 366000 deaths annually [2] . There are various causative agents of hepatitis include; alcohol, poison, drugs and autoimmunity but most cases of hepatitis infections are caused by viruses persists in the serum for over 6 months. The chronicity of infection varies with age, with the risk being ≥90% in neonates and <5% in adults [3] . Based on the prevalence of HBsAg, various www.jmscr. igmpublication.org Impact Factor (SJIF): 6.379 Index Copernicus Value: 79.54 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i11.55
Indeks PUFA pada ibu hamil yang datang ke Puskesmas Puter, Bandung, Indonesia PUFA index of pregnant women who came to the Puter Community Health Centre, Bandung, Indonesia

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk pada ibu hamil dapat memberikan dampak negatif pada perkembangan janin. Indeks yang digunakan untuk menilai akibat klinis dari karies yang tidak dirawat yaitu Indeks PUFA yang mencatat keparahan karies gigi dengan keterlibatan pulpa (P), ulser akibat trauma dari gigi (U), fistula (F) dan abses (A). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kriteria Indeks PUFA pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Puter Bandung. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei dan pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian 96 ibu hamil yang datang memeriksakan kehamilan di Puskesmas Puter Bandung. Data diperoleh dengan cara pemeriksaan klinis terhadap rongga mulut ibu hamil dan dicatat pada formulir pemeriksaan untuk Indeks PUFA lalu diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil: Sebanyak 90,95% hasil penelitian menunjukkan subjek dengan komponen P, sebanyak 6,38 komponen U, sebanyak 2,12% komponen F, dan sebanyak 0,53 komponen A. Simpulan: Mayoritas ibu hamil di Puskesmas Puter memiliki indeks PUFA dengan kategori buruk. Kata kunci: Indeks PUFA, karies tidak terawat, ibu hamil. ABSTRACT Introduction: Poor oral and dental health in pregnant women can have a negative impact on fetal development. The index used to assess the clinical consequences of untreated caries is the PUFA Index which records the severity of dental caries with pulp involvement (P), ulcer due to trauma from the tooth (U), fistula (F) and abscess (A). This study aims to determine the PUFA Index criteria for pregnant women in Bandung Puter Health Center. Methods: Descriptive research with survey and sampling methods carried out by simple random sampling technique. The number of samples of the study were 96 pregnant women who came to have a pregnancy check up at the Bandung Puter Health Center. Data obtained by clinical examination of the oral cavity of pregnant women and recorded on the examination form for the PUFA Index then processed and presented in table form. Result: A total of 90.95% of the results showed subjects with component P, as many as 6.38 components of U, as much as 2.12% of component F, and as many as 0.53 components of A. Conclusion: The majority of pregnant women in Puter Health Center had a PUFA index with bad category. Keywords: PUFA index, untreated caries, pregnant women.
Survey on Quality of Services (QoS) at Larkin Central Terminal (LCT), Johor Bahru

Terminal play as an important role in transportation, especially in public transportation to provide a safe and convenient place for the people as a transshipment point before delivered to the end of the destination. In Larkin Central Terminal (LCT), public transportation terminal widely uses to provide a various activity which is not limited into the bus operation but also as a business area. In the conjunction with that, some of the terminal user is not directly used to a main terminal operation so this will lead to the congestion in most days. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the existing quality service level in LCT, to investigate the user satisfaction level as well as the possibility of an improvement the quality services or facilities needed for LCT in the future. To meet this objective, the researcher is distributing 217 questionnaires based on three (3) categories of the target population at LCT. At the end of the paper, the researcher will discuss about the Quality of Service (QoS) in LCT and proved that the percentage level of user satisfaction towards the quality of terminal facility is insufficient.
Relationship between adnexal mass and endometrial thickness in postmenopausal period

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer. Increased postmenopausal endometrial thickness may be an indicator of endometrial cancer. Transvaginal ultrasound (TV-USG) is the primary imaging method for evaluating endometrial thickness in the postmenopausal period. The aim was to employ transvaginal ultrasonography in the evaluation of adnexal masses synchronously seen in postmenopausal women with increased endometrial thickness. The work was designed as a retrospective study. The medical records of 155 patients evaluated for increased postmenopausal endometrial thickness were examined. Ultrasonography had been performed on the women in the study for routine follow-up, postmenopausal hemorrhage, pelvic pain, pelvic mass on examination and family history of gynecological cancer. All patients had undergone endometrial evaluation with fractional dilatation and curettage (D & C) or pipelle endometrial sampling. Histopathological diagnosis was based on endometrial sampling results. Adnexal mass was present simultaneously in 17.4% (n = 27) of the women included in the study, while 82.6% (n = 128) had no gynecological pathology other than increased endometrial thickness. The endometrial thickness in the women with postmenopausal adnexal masses was greater than in those without adnexal mass (11.7 mm vs. 7.8 mm, p = 0.009). Non-atypical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia was more frequent in the group with postmenopausal adnexal mass (11.1% vs. 2.8%, 11.1% vs. 3.79, p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively). Final histopathological evaluation of patients operated on for adnexal masses revealed tubo-ovarian abscess in 1.9% (n = 1), benign ovarian tumor in 25.9% (n = 7) and malignant ovarian tumor in 11.1% (n = 3) of the patients. In postmenopausal women, adnexal masses can be seen simultaneously with increased endometrial thickness. In this regard, transvaginal ultrasound offers important opportunities for evaluation of both the endometrium and adnexa. Pre-surgery transvaginal ultrasound as well as multivariate serum markers may be used in evaluation models.
SM 04-1272 Under-reporting of vulnerable road users in official eu road accident statistics – implications for road safety and added value of eu idb hospital data

The EU road safety policy aims to cut European road deaths by 50% by 2020 compared to 2010 and reduce non-fatal injuries accordingly. To do so, it also seeks to make vulnerable road users (VRU) safer by improving communication; and improving tools for collecting and analysing accidents. However, official data for assessing road safety seems to be considerably biased against VRU. According to police records about 1.4 million road traffic users were injured in the EU in 2014, 135 000 of which were seriously injured. In contrast, according to recent estimates of the hospital-based EU Injury Database (IDB), 3.4 million road traffic injuries occur annually, 625 000 of which must be admitted to hospital. This indicates a considerable under-reporting of road traffic injuries in police records. Under-reporting in police records is particularly high for cyclists (by a factor of 4.5), pedestrians (1.8), and powered two-wheelers (1.9). As a result, VRU account for almost 70% of road accident casualties attending hospital, as opposed to ‘ only’ about 50% in police records. IDB data for twelve EU countries further reveal that under-reporting is especially high for senior pedestrians (65+ years). A safe and healthy environment is a crucial factor for people to choose cycling and walking as their preferred choice of individual travel. To adequately address the safety needs of these modes of transport, the real scope and pattern of VRU accidents need to be known. In this respect, the use of hospital data in road safety management, complementary to police data, is strongly recommended.
Primjena proteinskog derivata matriksa cakline (Emdogain®) pri regenerativnom liječenju parodonta: koji se oblici primjene zasnivaju na dokazima?

Saaeetak Cilj je regenerativnog lijeEenja parodonta ponovno uspostaviti izgubljenu grau parodonta (t.j. obnova korijenskoga cementa, parodontnoga ligamenta i alveolarne kosti). Rezultati temeljnih istraaeivanja upuEuju na vaaenu ulogu proteinskog derivata matriksa cakline (enamel matrix protein derivative, EMD) u cijeljenju oπteEenja parodonta. Histoloπki rezultati pokusa na aeivotinjama i izvjeπEa o sluEajevima u ljudi, pokazuju da se primjenom EMD-a pospjeπuje obnova parodonta. ©toviπe, kliniEka istraaeivanja upuEuju na zakljuEak da se primjenom EMD-a pozitivno utjeEe na cijeljenje parodontnih rana u Eovjeka. Cilj je ovoga preglednog rada, na osnovi postojeEih podataka iznijeti koje su kliniEke indikacije za regenerativnu primjenu EMD-a.
Evaluation of in vitro rheumatoid arthritis activity of polyherbal ethanolic extract containing formulations for selected potential Indian herbs

Inflammation is a normal protective response to tissue injury which involves a complex array of enzyme activation, mediator release, fluid extravasations, cell migration, tissue breakdown, and repair. [1] It is characterized by redness, swelling, pain, stiffness of joint, and loss of joint function. Inflammation is associated with membrane alterations, increase in vascular permeability, and protein denaturation. [2] Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic autoimmune disorder. It is an inflammation of synovial joint due to immunemediated response. [3] One-fifth of the world’s elderly suffer with arthritis. [4] The current treatment of arthritis includes minimization of this associated pain and inflammation using non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as deceleration of disease progression using anti-rheumatic drugs. [5,6] Due to adverse reactions of the NSAIDs and diseaseResearch Article
Multilevel Analysis: Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity in Primary School Children in Surakarta, Central Java

Background : Life course studies have shown that early onset obesity is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality later in life. In both sexes, rates of diabetes, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hip fracture, and gout were increased in those who were overweight as adolescents. Contextual factor at higher level such as school may have indirect effect on the incidence of overweight or obesity through eating behavior. However, studies into factors affecting child obesity in Indonesia using multilevel approach are lacking. This study aimed to examine factors associated with overweight and obesity in primary school children in Surakarta, Central Java, using multilevel analysis. Subjects and Method : A case control study was conducted at 25 primary schools in Surakarta, Central Java, from March to April 2018. A sample of 225 primary school children was selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 75 children with overweight or obesity and 150 children with normal weight. The variables of children were placed at the first level of the multilevel model. The potential contextual effect of school was determined at the second level. The dependent variable was overweight or obesity. The independent variables were maternal education, maternal body mass index (BMI), physical activity, family income, and school environment. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results : Child overweight or obesity was positively associated with maternal BMI ≥25 (b= 0.11; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.18; p= 0.002) and high family income (b= 0.04; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.06; p< 0.001). Child overweight or obesity was negatively associated with high physical activity (b= -0.03; 95% CI= -0.05 to -0.01; p= 0.009). School environment had a negligible contextual effect on child obesity with ICC= 5.08%. Conclusion : Child obesity is positively associated with maternal BMI ≥25 and family income, and is negatively associated with physical activity. School environment has a negligible contextual effect on child obesity. Keywords : obesity, primary school children, maternal body mass index, physical activity Correspondence: Arum Kusuma Rini. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: arumkusumarini@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6282133044191. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(1): 1-8 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019. 04.01. 01
A Case Study of the Training Needs of Bed and Breakfast Operators

This case study explored the training needs of those who operate bed and breakfast inns (B&Bs) in the United States, providing defini - tions of and explanations about bed and breakfast operations and describing a project that involved conducting a survey to attempt to determine the needs for training identified by a sample of bed and breakfast operators. Questions and concerns were raised about the challenges operators of bed and breakfast inns face to be able to organize and afford effective training opportunities.
Just-In-Time Defect Identification and Localization: A Two-Phase Framework

Defect localization aims to locate buggy program elements (e.g., buggy files, methods or lines of code) based on defect symptoms, e.g., bug reports or program spectrum. However, when we receive the defect symptoms, the defect has been exposed and negative impacts have been introduced. Thus, one challenging task is: whether we can locate buggy program prior to the appearance of the defect symptom (e.g., when buggy program elements are being committed to a version control system). We refer to this type of defect localization as “Just-In-Time (JIT) Defect localization”. Although many prior studies have proposed various JIT defect identification methods to identify whether a new change is buggy, these prior methods do not locate the suspicious positions. Thus, JIT defect localization is the next step of JIT defect identification (i.e., after a buggy change is identified, suspicious source code lines are located). To address this problem, we propose a two-phase framework, i.e., JIT defect identification and JIT defect localization. Given a new change, JIT defect identification will identify it as buggy change or clean change first. If a new change is identified as buggy, JIT defect localization will rank the source code lines introduced by the new change according to their suspiciousness scores. The source code lines ranked at the top of the list are estimated as the defect location. For JIT defect identification phase, we use 14 change-level features to build a classifier by following existing approach. For JIT defect localization phase, we propose a JIT defect localization approach that leverages software naturalness with the N-gram model. To evaluate the proposed framework, we conduct an empirical study on 14 open source projects with a total of 177,250 changes. The results show that software naturalness is effective for our JIT defect localization. Our model achieves a reasonable performance, and outperforms the two baselines (i.e., random guess and a static bug finder (i.e., PMD)) by a substantial margin in terms of four ranking measures.
Recovery and Rehabilitation in Stroke

The recent demostration that neurons for transplantation can be generated from stem cells and that the adult brain produces new neurons in response to stroke has raised hope for the development of a stem cell therapy for patients affected with this disorder. In this review we propose a road map to the clinic and describe the different scientific tasks that need to be accomplished to move stem cell–based approaches toward application in stroke patients.
METASTATIC HÜRTHLE CELL CARCINOMA PRESENTING WITH LOW FREE THYROXINE, SEVERE HYPERCALCEMIA AND SPURIOUS GROWTH HORMONE PRODUCTION.

Objective Hürthle cell tumors constitute about 5% of thyroid neoplasms. They have malignant potential, behaving very aggressively compared to other differentiated thyroid cancers. The objective of this case report is to describe a case of a Hürthle cell carcinoma with a single large metastasis in the liver presenting almost 17 years after hemithyroidectomy. We highlight the difficulties in making a histologic diagnosis and the unpredictable nature of this cancer. Methods The patient history and biochemistry were detailed. Thyroid function tests analyzed on multiple platforms (single-photon emission computed tomography, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, technetium-99m bone scan, and radioactive iodine) were used to aid biochemical and radiologic diagnosis. Results The patient's thyroid function test showed persistently low free thyroxine concentrations with normal thyroid stimulating hormone and free triiodothyronine, suggesting rapid deiodination in the context of a large liver lesion. Radiologic and morphologic appearances of the liver lesion led to an initial misdiagnosis of primary hepato-cellular carcinoma, revised to metastatic Hürthle cell carcinoma after positive immunochemistry. Nonparathyroid hormone-related intractable hypercalcemia of malignancy with an unusual pattern of elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and raised fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations culminated in his demise. Conclusions In Hürthle cell carcinomas treated with partial thyroidectomy, subsequent abnormal thyroid functions tests may herald a more sinister underlying diagnosis. The management of Hürthle cell carcinoma relies heavily on the initial histology results. Histologic diagnosis should be sought earlier in abnormal and suspicious distant masses. Malignant hypercalcemia poses a great challenge in delayed presentations and can prove resistant to conventional treatments.
Whistle deformity evaluation after Cronin labioplasty in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases from an anthropometry aspect

Whistle deformity of the lip usually occurs after labioplasty. We compared the height of Cupid’s bow on the normal side, midline, and cleft side after Cronin labioplasty in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in lip function and resting positions to determine the presence of whistle deformity. We evaluated whistle deformity according to an anthropometry scale from a profile photograph, including the height of Cupid’s bow on the normal side, midline, and cleft side in 24 patients with UCLP after Cronin labioplasty, while the lips in function and resting positions. Based on statistics, the results showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in the height of Cupid’s bow at midline in normal children and those with whistle deformity while the lips were at rest. On the other hand, significant differences also were found in the height of Cupid’s bow on the normal and cleft sides; on the normal side, cleft side, and midline in patients with whistle deformity in lip function and resting positions; on the right and left sides in normal children in lip function and resting positions; and in normal children and those with whistle deformity in the lip function position (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the height of Cupid’s bow on the normal and cleft sides; on the normal side, cleft side, and midline in patients with whistle deformity in lip function and resting positions; on the right and left sides in normal children in lip function and resting positions; and in normal children and those with whistle deformity in the lip function position. On the other hand, there was a significant difference between the height at midline in normal children and between normal children and those with whistle deformity while the lips were at rest.
Effects of Blood Pressure Lowering on Intracranial and Extracranial Bleeding in Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy

Background and Purpose—Observational studies demonstrate strong associations between blood pressure and bleeding complications of antithrombotic therapy. The objective was to determine whether blood pressure lowering reduces risks of bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapy. Methods—This is a subsidiary analysis of the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study (PROGRESS) trial, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 6105 patients with cerebrovascular disease were randomly assigned to either active treatment (perindopril±indapamide) or placebo(s). The outcomes were intracranial and extracranial bleeding. Results—There were 4876 (80%) patients on antithrombotic therapy at baseline. Over a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, 119 intracranial and 123 extracranial bleeding events were observed. Among patients with and without antithrombotic therapy, active treatment lowered blood pressure by 8.9/4.0 and 9.3/3.8 mm Hg and reduced the risks of intracranial bleeding by 46% (95% CI, 7%–69%) .
Analyzing the Concepts and Techniques of Educational Data Mining for the Enhancement of Education System

Advanced research concepts of tools and techniques of data mining can be adopted by many recent industries to generate the intelligence for making their process of decision making more efficient. Like as in the education system to make efficient decision making for educational institutes, students performance and student employability. These are at the main focus of any education system. So the core target should be the efficient analytics of the educational data. So now higher education institutions are making the use of these techniques for improving the system with respect to increasing student performance and student retention. Educational data mining is helpful for teachers and management of the institutes to enhance their way of taking classes and making their schedule to improve studentâ€™s overall performance and these techniques are also helpful for the students while taking the right decision for their bright academic career. The main aim of this paper is to analyze on how the education quality can be improved with the help of educational data mining concepts and techniques.