Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum correlations and entanglement in non-classic states of light and atomic systems interacting with them

Bright squeezed vacuum (BSV) is a macroscopic non-classical state of light that can be obtained via high-gain parametric down conversion (PDC) and having sufficiently high intensity values (near or above atomic one). Due to this state is characterized by very wide distribution over photon numbers one can consider nonclassical features of this state such as high degree of entanglement [1] and noise reduction below the standard quantum limit [2]. For these reasons there are many important applications of BSV such as quantum imaging [3], metrology [4] etc. Moreover, the wide photon number distribution of BSV provides rather high probability of high order multiphoton processes in the case of interaction with an atom. In such a situation, it is expected that all the strong-field effects found in the case of classical light will be expressed more clearly. One of those phenomena is stabilization [5], which consists in the suppression of ionization of an atom with growing laser field intensity above some critical value and can not be described by traditional theoretical approaches based on the perturbation theory. The theoretical description of BSV as well as the atom-BSV interaction reveals certain difficulties. Unlike low-gain PDC, BSV generation cannot be described in the framework of the perturbation theory. The quantum state contains not only two-photon terms but also higher-order Fock components, and its calculation in the Schrodinger picture is difficult. In a high-gain regime it is much more convenient to find the time dependence of physical operators and calculate the observables in the Heisenberg picture. In this case the Schmidt-mode formalism used in the Schrodinger picture for the description of multimode two-photon light [6] is replaced by a similar procedure, called Bloch-Messiah reduction [7]. There are several papers describing BSV correlations in terms of so-called broadbands modes [8,9]. However, the results mainly concern correlations in the frequency domain and can be obtained only numerically from the set of integro-differential equations.
Exacerbation of restless legs syndrome presenting as a psychiatric emergency

Sir, We read with great interest the case descriptions by Mehta et al. [1] and Manconi and Fulda [2] and appreciated the highlight on restless legs syndrome (RLS) as a clinical manifestation in emergency. We report a similar, although less dramatic, case. We evaluated in the emergency department a 60-year-old male referred for severe worsening of RLS lasting continuously for 2 days and leading to severe insomnia and leg restlessness. The patient had a history of bipolar depression and impulse control disorder and was treated with valproate 900 mg/day. RLS symptoms started 2 years before but, since they were mild and sporadic, no treatment was suggested. Owing to severe insomnia and worsening of depressive symptoms, mirtazapine 30 mg at bedtime was added. Immediately after, RLS symptoms dramatically worsened. On the second night, pramipexole 0.25 mg in the evening was started with no benefit. In the third afternoon the patient came to the emergency department with severe agitation and restlessness, being unable to sit down without moving. We immediately decided to stop mirtazapine and, due to the anxiety symptoms and previous psychiatric history, we preferred not to use high dosage dopamine agonists and shifted the treatment to tramadol 25 mg and gabapentin 300 mg. The patient refused to be admitted into our ward. However, the next morning he reported an impressive improvement of the symptoms. In the first month, tramadol was gradually discontinued and gabapentin was increased to 600 mg/day. After more than 4 years of follow-up, RLS and bipolar symptoms appear still controlled with gabapentin 600 mg in the evening, valproate CR 300 mg TID and imipramine 12.5 mg TID. This case report is a further example of how RLS could become a real emergency. A drug-related worsening, or occurrence, of RLS symptoms should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of agitation. In this case, although psychiatric history and symptoms of anxiety were confounding factors, correct identification of RLS symptoms (both during the previous years and currently) together with a recent change in antidepressant therapy led to the correct diagnosis. The successful treatment was based on therapy with alpha-delta ligand, but probably even more so on the discontinuation of mirtazapine. It should be underlined that mirtazapine has the highest risk for RLS among second-generation antidepressants [3], typically within the first week, and provokes periodic limb movements even in healthy subjects [4]. However, a similar case report had been described with citalopram [5]. Thus, we would suggest that a list of contraindicated drugs should be diffused to general practitioners, other specialists and also to patients to help the correct treatment of comorbidities in RLS.
The Dynamics of SAP90/PSD-95 Recruitment to New Synaptic Junctions

SAP90/PSD-95 is thought to be a central organizer of the glutamatergic synapse postsynaptic reception apparatus. To assess its potential role during glutamatergic synapse formation, we used GFP-tagged SAP90/PSD-95, time lapse confocal microscopy, and cultured hippocampal neurons to determine its dynamic recruitment into new synaptic junctions. We report that new SAP90/PSD-95 clusters first appeared at new axodendritic contact sites within 20-60 min of contact establishment. SAP90/PSD-95 clustering was rapid, with kinetics that fit a single exponential with a mean time constant of approximately 23 min. Most new SAP90/PSD-95 clusters were found juxtaposed to functional presynaptic boutons as determined by labeling with FM 4-64. No evidence was found for the existence of discrete transport particles similar to those previously reported to mediate presynaptic active zone cytoskeleton assembly. Instead, we found that SAP90/PSD-95 is recruited to nascent synapses from a diffuse dendritic cytoplasmic pool. Our findings show that SAP90/PSD-95 is recruited to nascent synaptic junctions early during the assembly process and indicate that its assimilation is fundamentally different from that of presynaptic active zone components.
Kinetics and dosing predictions for daily haemofiltration.

BACKGROUND Thrice-weekly haemofiltration affords excellent outcome when it is used to treat chronic renal failure patients. Daily haemofiltration (DHF) has recently been proposed as a more intensive therapy option, but the total ultrafiltration or exchange volume (replacement volume plus net ultrafiltration volume) requirements for adequate solute clearances during this novel therapy are unknown. METHODS We calculated theoretical solute kinetic profiles during six times per week DHF for comparison with those during thrice-weekly haemodialysis using a high-flux dialyser (HFHD) or during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). HFHD and CAPD were chosen for comparison because K/DOQI guidelines have defined adequate treatment doses for these therapies. Steady-state concentrations were calculated using a two-compartment model of an anuric patient with 35 l of total body water for five solutes: urea, creatinine, vitamin B(12), inulin and beta(2)-microglobulin. Solute distribution volumes and generation rates were taken from the literature, and excess fluid (1 l/day) was assumed to accumulate in and be removed from the extracellular fluid compartment. Theoretical predictions of solute clearance were compared for a 15-l exchange volume/session during DHF, urea Kt/V of 3.6/week during HFHD and urea Kt/V of 2.0/week during CAPD as solute-specific values of the equivalent renal clearance (EKR) and standard Kt/V (stdKt/V) recently defined by Gotch. Additional comparisons of solute clearances were performed between DHF and other daily therapies including six times per week short daily haemodialysis (SDHD) and six times per week nocturnal haemodialysis (NHD). RESULTS The calculated results predict that: (i) urea clearance during DHF with an exchange volume of 90 l/week (6x15 l) is equivalent to those during HFHD and CAPD based on urea stdKt/V; and (ii) middle molecule clearances during DHF exceed those achieved during HFHD and CAPD based on either EKR or stdKt/V. As expected, DHF therapy was inferior regarding the clearance of urea and other small solutes to SDHD and NHD; however, DHF therapy was superior to SDHD regarding the clearance of larger middle molecules, approaching the clearances achieved by NHD. CONCLUSIONS We predict that an exchange volume of approximately 40% of total body water (15/35 l=43%) per session will provide adequate clearance of small solutes and substantial clearance of middle molecules during six times per week DHF therapy. These theoretical predictions require clinical validation.
Localization of the kdsA gene with the aid of the physical map of the Escherichia coli chromosome

The isolation and analysis of two recombinant plasmids containing the kdsA gene from Escherichia coli chromosomal gene libraries is reported. The subfragments obtained from the inserts correspond to the fragment pattern around coordinate 1,282 kilobases of the physical map of the E. coli chromosome (Kohara et al. Cell 50:495-508, 1987). The kdsA gene has been located at coordinates 1,282 through 1,283 kilobases, corresponding to min 26.7 in the classical map coordinates. The kdsA gene is transcribed from this position toward the nearby nar gene.
Strategies to identify genes for complex disorders: a focus on bipolar disorder and chromosome 16p

Bipolar disorder, also termed manic-depression, is a genetically based neuropsychiatric disorder with heritability estimates of 80%. Over 25 genome-wide linkage studies have been completed for bipolar disorder and results are not all randomly distributed but appear to converge on several chromosomal regions. Recently, several genome-wide association studies have been reported using thousands of cases and controls and meta-analyses of combined studies have implicated at least two common alleles predisposing to illness. Taken together, genome-wide linkage and genome-wide association results indicate that both rare and common variants likely underlie the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder. Larger genome-wide association studies using tens of thousands of cases and controls will be required to map additional common loci that presumably have smaller effect sizes. Although genome-wide sequencing using thousands of cases and controls (at least 2000 cases and 2000 controls) will likely be needed to map the full range of rare variants predisposing to bipolar disorder, it is not currently technically or financially feasible for most groups using ‘third generation’ technology. Advances in sequencing and annotation methods are anticipated, however, and ‘fourth generation’ methods should make large-scale high throughput sequencing feasible for most investigators. In the meantime, however, high throughput sequencing can be used to scan tens-to-hundreds of genes mapping under linkage peaks or around association signals. We review the linkage evidence implicating the chromosome 16p region in bipolar disorder. Although linkage regions are by nature relatively large (approximately 10--20 Mb) for complex disorders it is currently possible to sequence all coding and proximal regulatory regions. Systematic re-sequencing under linkage peaks could be a valuable strategy for mapping some rare variants underlying bipolar disorder. Advantages of this approach, compared to large case--control sequencing samples, include smaller sample sizes, enrichment of certain alleles in the study group, and the ability to check for co-segregation.
Open source in cachexia?

It is the concept of freely sharing technological information so it can be improved through multiple insights and viewpoints. Because the technology is ‘open source’, the amount of work involved is decreased as many individuals add multiple contributions. The central theme of open research is to disentangle the methodology freely available via the Internet and any data or results extracted or derived from them. This permits a massively distributed collaboration, and anyone can participate at any level of the project. Open ‘science’ is the application of open source methods to science (Figure 1). Open science removes the traditional hierarchy of research and encourages scientists of all levels—student or professor—to engage and contribute. Ideally, complete data release and collaboration happen in real time, to prevent duplication of effort and to maximize useful interaction between participants.
On-silicon millimeter-wave antennas and passive components using narrow film structures

Implementation of millimeter-wave passive components on low-resistivity silicon using narrow and thin film structures is discussed in this paper. Dielectric narrow films in the order of a few tens of micron thick and with lateral dimensions similar or smaller than the top signal trace are implemented on silicon wafer by a simple but innovative microfabrication approach to significantly improve performance of transmission lines and antennas. More than 45% (i.e., equivalent to 0.06 dB/mm) reduction in attenuation is achieved for the proposed transmission line over the conventional thin film design. Antenna gain enhancement is significant: from −2.5 dBi for the conventional thin film design to over 4.5 dBi for the proposed narrow film design. By applying a multilayer ultra-thin metallic-dielectric layers on the narrow film structure, the conductor loss is also reduced and the on-silicon antenna gain is increased to 5 dBi.
The remyelinating potential and in vitro differentiation of MOG‐expressing oligodendrocyte precursors isolated from the adult rat CNS

There is a long‐standing controversy as to whether oligodendrocytes may be capable of cell division and thus contribute to remyelination. We recently published evidence that a subpopulation of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)‐expressing cells in the adult rat spinal cord co‐expressed molecules previously considered to be restricted to oligodendrocyte progenitors [G. Li et al. (2002) Brain Pathol. , 12, 463–471]. To further investigate the properties of MOG‐expressing cells, anti‐MOG‐immunosorted cells were grown in culture and transplanted into acute demyelinating lesions. The immunosorting protocol yielded a cell preparation in which over 98% of the viable cells showed anti‐MOG‐ and O1‐immunoreactivity; 12–15% of the anti‐MOG‐immunosorted cells co‐expressed platelet‐derived growth factor alpha receptor (PDGFRα) or the A2B5‐epitope. When cultured in serum‐free medium containing EGF and FGF‐2, 15–18% of the anti‐MOG‐immunosorted cells lost anti‐MOG‐ and O1‐immunoreactivity and underwent cell division. On removal of these growth factors, cells differentiated into oligodendrocytes, or astrocytes and Schwann cells when the differentiation medium contained BMPs. Transplantation of anti‐MOG‐immunosorted cells into areas of acute demyelination immediately after isolation resulted in the generation of remyelinating oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Our studies indicate that the adult rat CNS contains a significant number of oligodendrocyte precursors that express MOG and galactocerebroside, molecules previously considered restricted to mature oligodendrocytes. This may explain why myelin‐bearing oligodendrocytes were considered capable of generating remyelinating cells. Our study also provides evidence that the adult oligodendrocyte progenitor can be considered as a source of the Schwann cells that remyelinate demyelinated CNS axons following concurrent destruction of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes.
Physical therapy intervention for a former power lifter after arthroscopic microfracture procedure for grade iv glenohumeral chondral defects.

BACKGROUND Power lifting places the shoulder complex at risk for injury. Microfracture is a relatively new procedure for chondral defects of the glenohumeral joint and is not well described in the literature. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this case report is to describe the post-operative rehabilitation used with a power lifter who underwent a microfracture procedure to address glenoid and humeral chondral defects, debridement of type I superior labral anterior-posterior lesion, and a subacromial decompression. CASE DESCRIPTION The patient was a 46 year-old male who was evaluated nine weeks status-post arthroscopic microfracture procedure for glenoid and humeral chondral defects, debridement of superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesion, and subacromial decompression. Rehabilitation consisted of postural education, manual therapy, rotator cuff and scapular strengthening, dynamic stabilization, weightbearing exercises, and weight training over nine weeks (24 sessions). Lifting modifications were addressed. OUTCOMES Results of the QuickDASH indicate that activities of daily living (ADLs), work, and sports modules all improved significantly, and the patient was able to return to recreational power lifting with limited discomfort or restrictions. DISCUSSION A structured post-operative physical therapy treatment program allowed this patient to return to recreational power lifting while restoring independent function for work-related activities and ADLs.
A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTING QUICK RESPONSE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM IN THE JOB SHOP ENVIRONMENT

As time moved on and marketplace never stopped demanding for better quality, low cost and fast delivery, the resource constraint companies like Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are always struggling to meet the expectations. This is especially distressed for those manufacturing companies that supply high-variety or custom-engineered products. The concept of Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) was introduced by Professor Rajan Suri in the late 1980s with a strong focus on a companywide strategy to reduce lead-times. It has been highly recommended and implemented in many high-mix and low-volume companies. Despite this, limited research has been done in Malaysia especially in the SMEs that are supplying low-volume, high-mix and custom-engineered products. Although many success stories have been shared, the concept has yet to be spearheaded in the Malaysian industry. The objective of this paper is to develop a suitable QRM system for SMEs. This conceptual framework is also served as a guideline to implement QRM in the challenging environment. The framework is developed through case studies conducted in a SME in Malaysia with the integration of MRP system into the QRM to maximize the potential improvement.
Patterns of use of the bone mineral density test in Ontario, 1992-1998.

BACKGROUND There is ongoing controversy about who should be referred for bone mineral density (BMD) testing to estimate fracture risk and diagnose osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of use of BMD testing in Ontario between 1992 and 1998. METHODS All physician claims from the Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) claims database for BMD testing between Jan. 1, 1992, and Dec. 31, 1998, were categorized by age and sex of the patient and the specialty of the physician who ordered the test. Time trends and regional rate variation analyses were also performed. To examine the prevalence of repeat testing, an inception cohort of women who had a BMD test in 1996 was followed for 2 years from the date of first test. RESULTS From 1992 to 1998 the number of BMD tests performed per year in women increased from 34,402 to 230,936 and in men from 2,162 to 13,579. In 1998 most tests were being ordered by family physicians (80.2% in 1998 v. 52.1% in 1992). Approximately 1 in 7 women aged 55-69 years had BMD tests done in 1998. Within a 2-year period 29.3% of these women had the test repeated; the mean time between tests was 16 months. Regional rate variation analyses of BMD tests performed in 1996-1998 indicated a 235-fold variation in BMD test rates across counties in Ontario, with a range from 0.2 to 47.1 per 1000 women in the population. INTERPRETATION The number of BMD tests performed each year in Ontario is increasing rapidly. However, the significant variation between rates of testing in different regions indicates that the diffusion of this technology may not be taking place according to population need.
4H-SiC-Dopant Segregated Schottky Barrier Cylindrical Gate All Around MOSFET for high speed and high power microwave applications

This paper presents extensive study of proposed 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) based Dopant Segregated (DS) Schottky Barrier (SB) Cylindrical Gate All Around (CGAA) MOSFET with high-k gate dielectric for hostile environment such as high temperature and radiation exposure for high power microwave applications. The Analog/RF performance of SiC-CGAA has been investigated by exploiting temperature variation from 300 K to 500 K, along with the leverage of Schottky-Barrier (SB) Source/Drain and Dopant Segregation (DS). DS is primarily used to reduce the ambipolar behavior of SB MOSFET and boost the performance of the device. Analog/RF performance in terms of main figure of merits like Ion/Ioff, transconductance (gm), Early Voltage, Stern Stability Factor (K), cut-off frequency (ft) has been carried out using ATLAS-3D device simulator.
Financial safety nets: Why Do They keep expanding?

This chapter explores correspondences between the costs and benefits of financial and circus safety nets. The author stresses the idea that the character of a country's net cannot be static. It must adapt promptly to changes in the market, legal, bureaucratic, and ethical problems it is intended to alleviate. Safety nets expand over time for two reasons. First, large firms whose operations lie formally outside the net have strong incentives to make themselves too difficult for authorities to fail and unwind in crisis circumstances. Second, in good times, safety-net managers underinvest in crisis planning. As a result, crisis-generated changes in the ordering of regulatory norms dispose them to rescue firms that are difficult to fail and unwind without holding themselves closely accountable for either the costs or the distributional effects of the subsidies the rescue engenders.
Simultaneous detection of DNA from 10 food allergens by ligation-dependent probe amplification

The simultaneous detection of DNA from different allergenic food ingredients by a ligation-dependent probe amplification (LPA) system is described. The approach allows detection of several targets in a one-tube assay. Synthetic oligonucleotides were designed to detect DNA from peanuts, cashews, pecans, pistachios, hazelnuts, sesame seeds, macadamia nuts, almonds, walnuts and brazil nuts. The specificity of the system was tested with DNA from more than 50 plant and animal species. The sensitivity of the method was suitable to detect allergenic ingredients in the low mg kg−1 range. The limit of detection (LOD) for single allergens in different food matrices was 5 mg kg−1. The novel analytical strategy represents a useful tool for the surveillance of established legislation on food allergens within the European Union.