Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1 Anti-Wrinkle Mechanism of Melatonin in UVB 2 Treated HaCaT Keratinocytes and Hairless Mouse via 3 Inhibition of ROS and Sonic Hedgehog Mediated 4 Inflammatory Proteins 5

Though melatonin is known to improve ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative damage 12 and inflammatory conditions via blockade of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-6, there is no 13 report on anti-wrinkle effect of melatonin to date. Hence in the present study, anti-wrinkle 14 mechanism of melatonin was elucidated in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes and hairless mice. 15 Herein melatonin protected against a radical initiator tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) induced 16 reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP-1) and cytotoxicity in 17 HaCaT keratinocytes. Also, melatonin suppressed the expression of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and GLI 18 for hedgehog signaling, p-NF-κB, cyclooxygenase (COX-2), p-ERK for inflammatory responses in 19 UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes. Furthermore, melatonin protected skin from wrinkle formation, 20 transdermal water loss in hairless mice irradiated by UVB for 8 weeks. Notably, melatonin 21 prevented against epidermal thickness and dermal collagen degradation in UVB irradiated hairless 22 mice by Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining. Taken together, these findings 23 suggest that melatonin reduces wrinkle formation via inhibition of ROS/SHH and inflammatory 24 proteins such as NF-κB/COX-2/ERK/MMP1. 25
Enhanced isosteric heat, selectivity, and uptake capacity of CO2 adsorption in a metal-organic framework by impregnated metal ions

We demonstrate by experimental and theoretical studies that the impregnation of various metal ions such as Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ in the pores of an anionic MOF, [Zn3(TCPT)2(HCOO)][NH2(CH3)2] (SNU-100′) significantly enhances isosteric heat, selectivity, and uptake capacity of the CO2 adsorption in the MOF. Due to the electrostatic interactions between CO2 and the extra-framework metal ions, the isosteric heats of CO2 adsorption are increased to 37.4–34.5 kJ mol−1 and the adsorption selectivities of CO2 over N2 at room temperature are increased to 40.4–31.0, compared with those (29.3 kJ mol−1 and 25.5, respectively) of the parent MOF (SNU-100′) containing [NH2(CH3)2]+ cations.
Emerging concepts of ganglioside metabolism

Gangliosides (GGs) are sialic acid‐containing glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and major membrane components enriched on cellular surfaces. Biosynthesis of mammalian GGs starts at the cytosolic leaflet of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes with the formation of their hydrophobic ceramide anchors. After intracellular ceramide transfer to Golgi and trans‐Golgi network (TGN) membranes, anabolism of GGs, as well as of other GSLs, is catalyzed by membrane‐spanning glycosyltransferases (GTs) along the secretory pathway. Combined activity of only a few promiscuous GTs allows for the formation of cell‐type‐specific glycolipid patterns. Following an exocytotic vesicle flow to the cellular plasma membranes, GGs can be modified by metabolic reactions at or near the cellular surface. For degradation, GGs are endocytosed to reach late endosomes and lysosomes. Whereas membrane‐spanning enzymes of the secretory pathway catalyze GSL and GG formation, a cooperation of soluble glycosidases, lipases and lipid‐binding cofactors, namely the sphingolipid activator proteins (SAPs), act as the main players of GG and GSL catabolism at intralysosomal luminal vesicles (ILVs).
Bag-of-Words as Target for Neural Machine Translation

A sentence can be translated into more than one correct sentences. However, most of the existing neural machine translation models only use one of the correct translations as the targets, and the other correct sentences are punished as the incorrect sentences in the training stage. Since most of the correct translations for one sentence share the similar bag-of-words, it is possible to distinguish the correct translations from the incorrect ones by the bag-of-words. In this paper, we propose an approach that uses both the sentences and the bag-of-words as targets in the training stage, in order to encourage the model to generate the potentially correct sentences that are not appeared in the training set. We evaluate our model on a Chinese-English translation dataset, and experiments show our model outperforms the strong baselines by the BLEU score of 4.55.
“When I feel the worst pain, I look like shit” – body image concerns in persistent pain

Abstract Background and aims Persistent pain is a pervasive condition that is often associated with a distorted body image. Most research into pain and body image investigated neural or physiological correlates (e.g. phantom limb pain), and much less is known about the psychological experience of body image changes in response to pain such as appearance concerns. The aim was to examine body image concerns in people with persistent pain, in particular appearance concerns and related coping behaviours and appearance-related emotions such as anger and shame. Methods Design was cross-sectional and data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with people suffering from persistent musculoskeletal pain (n=7; six females; age=19–56), and analysed with inductive thematic analysis (TA). Results Two main themes were identified: “Relationship to the painful body” and “Dissatisfaction with the body”, each containing three subthemes, along with the side-theme “Appearance concerns affected by pain and mood”. All participants reported appearance concerns, predominantly about their weight and related coping behaviours such as avoidance of mirrors, exercising or dieting and pain-induced mood changes that were associated with a negative body image. Conclusions People with persistent pain report appearance concerns, often related to pain-induced negative mood changes, and reduced functioning. It remains unclear to what extent attitudes towards the body change over time in accordance with pain. A wider concept of body image is required, including the perception of reduced functioning, related appraisals (e.g. “I look weak and old”) and appearance investment.
Plasmodium gametocytes display homing and vascular transmigration in the host bone marrow

In vivo visualization of Plasmodium parasites reveals sublocalization, deformability, and mobility of gametocytes in the bone marrow. Transmission of Plasmodium parasites to the mosquito requires the formation and development of gametocytes. Studies in infected humans have shown that only the most mature forms of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes are present in circulation, whereas immature forms accumulate in the hematopoietic environment of the bone marrow. We used the rodent model Plasmodium berghei to study gametocyte behavior through time under physiological conditions. Intravital microscopy demonstrated preferential homing of early gametocyte forms across the intact vascular barrier of the bone marrow and the spleen early during infection and subsequent development in the extravascular environment. During the acute phase of infection, we observed vascular leakage resulting in further parasite accumulation in this environment. Mature gametocytes showed high deformability and were found entering and exiting the intact vascular barrier. We suggest that extravascular gametocyte localization and mobility are essential for gametocytogenesis and transmission of Plasmodium to the mosquito.
A broadband envelope-tracking push-pull GaN power amplifier using grounded-coplanar ring Marchand balun

This paper presents a broadband (0.5GHz to 2.2GHz) power amplifier with output power up to 25W and drain efficiency up to 69%. Further, its use in an envelope tracking system to achieve high efficiency in backoff over a comparable carrier bandwidth is presented. The RF PA employs a 0.25um (Cree) GaN process in a custom IC design, together with a broadband and low-loss planar Marchand balun implemented in an accompanying PCB. When used together with an envelope amplifier in an envelope tracking system, high efficiency for LTE-modulated signals is demonstrated over 0.8 to 2GHz. At 1GHz, an average output power of 7.2W and 47% efficiency was achieved for a 10MHz LTE signal with 6.5dB PAPR, while the ACLR is −43dBc with a simple AM-AM and AM-PM digital pre-distortion correction.
Collaborative Mining Method for Location Big Data of Outdoor Activities

With the continued popularity of location services and the application of Internet of Vehicles, the location big data of outdoor activities which is composed of geographical data, vehicle track and application record and so on has used to obtain the perception of the law of human social activities at present. Based on trajectory pretreatment and clustering, this paper proposes a collaborative mining algorithm of the special location based on the dimension reduction of the location big data of outdoor activities, to carry out dimension reduction analysis on the location complex network on the temporal and spatial scales respectively, so as to establish the study and inference method related to the mobility of the community as a whole. Experiments show that this algorithm can effectively extract the regular route of the user, and can enhance the awareness of people to the broader economic activity of the human society and natural environment, so as to reflect the true value of the location big data of outdoor activities.
Improvement of Flutter-Kick Performance in Novice Surface Combat Swimmers With Increased Hip Strength.

PURPOSE To examine strength, range of motion, anthropometric, and physiological contributions to novice surface-combat-swimming (sCS) performance and establish differences from freestyle-swimming (FS) performance to further understand the transition of FS to sCS performance. METHODS A total of 13 competitive swimmers (7 male and 6 female; 27.7 [2.3] y; 176.2 [2.6] cm; 75.4 [3.9] kg) completed 8 testing sessions consisting of the following: physiological land-based measurements for maximal anaerobic and aerobic capacity and upper- and lower-extremity strength and range of motion, an sCS anaerobic capacity swim test measuring peak and mean force and fatigue index, 2 aerobic capacity tests measuring maximal aerobic capacity for both FS and sCS, and four 500-m performance swims for time, 1 FS, and 3 sCS. Separate multiple linear-regression analysis was used to analyze predictors of both sCS and FS performance models. RESULTS FS performance was predicted by the final FS maximal oxygen uptake with an R2 of 42.03% (F1,10 = 7.25; P = .0226), whereas sCS performance was predicted by isometric hip-extension peak strength with an R2 of 41.46% (F1,11 = 7.79; P = .0176). CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate that different physiological characteristics predict performance, suggesting that an altered strategy is used for novice sCS than FS. It is suggested that this may be due to the added constraints as mandated by mission requirements including boots, weighted gear, and clandestine requirements with hips lowered beneath the surface. Further research should examine the kinematics of the sCS flutter kick to improve performance by developing training strategies specific for the task.
The Extended Dwell Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Is an Alternative Method of NICU Intravenous Access

Background: Establishing vascular access is a common neonatal intensive care unit procedure. The extended dwell peripheral intravenous (EPIV) catheter is a 6-cm and 8-cm silicone catheter for peripheral vein insertion, which is a newer vascular access device than peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter. Extended dwell peripheral intravenous catheters have been widely used in adults but evidence in neonates is lacking. Purpose: To explore indwell time, success rate, catheter-associated complications, and cost among EPIV catheters, PICCs, and PIV catheters in neonates. Methods: We retrospectively compare patient demographics, indwell time, success rate, and catheter-associated complications, and analyze the rate of hyaluronidase-treated intravenous (IV) fluid extravasation on neonates who had an EPIV catheter, a PICC, or a PIV catheter in a level III neonatal intensive care unit. We also estimate the insertion cost of these 3 vascular access devices on the basis of our hospital charges. Results: Extended dwell peripheral intravenous catheters were inserted in 432 neonates with an indwell time of 4.0 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) days. Peripherally inserted central catheters were inserted in 202 neonates with an average indwell time of 7.3 ± 4.4 (mean ± SD) days, which was longer than EPIV catheters (P < .001). Peripherally inserted central catheters had a higher success rate of 83.6% than 71.7% of EPIV catheters, meaning succeeded in lasting through the completion of therapy (P = .001). Peripherally inserted central catheters were associated with 4 cases of life-threatening complications; none was seen in the EPIV catheter group. The incidence of hyaluronidase-treated IV fluid extravasation was less in EPIV catheter recipients (1.2%) than in the PIV catheter recipients (3.9%) (P = .004); none was in the PICC group. Cost savings were noted with using an EPIV catheter. Implications for Practice: Extended dwell peripheral intravenous catheter is a feasible option for neonatal vascular access. Implications for Research: These data provide a baseline for future studies to explore the efficacy and effectiveness of EPIV catheter in the neonates.
An Efficient Live Migration using Disk Cache and Memory Snapshot in KVM Virtualization Environment

Virtual machine live migration technique is an essential feature of virtualization technique and widely used in many cloud computing services. Reducing the virtual machine live migration time is very important because it consumes lots of computing and network resources. We proposed an efficient virtual machine (VM) live migration technique, by utilizing a snapshot of previous VM memory, and a disk cache which consists of frequently used disk data blocks. We implemented the novel migration technique on KVM, and reduced the virtual machine live migration time significantly.
Increasing Interest of Mass Communication Media and the General Public in the Distribution of Tweets About Mental Disorders: Observational Study

Background The contents of traditional communication media and new internet social media reflect the interests of society. However, certain barriers and a lack of attention towards mental disorders have been previously observed. Objective The objective of this study is to measure the relevance of influential American mainstream media outlets for the distribution of psychiatric information and the interest generated in these topics among their Twitter followers. Methods We investigated tweets generated about mental health conditions and diseases among 15 mainstream general communication media outlets in the United States of America between January 2007 and December 2016. Our study strategy focused on identifying several psychiatric terms of primary interest. The number of retweets generated from the selected tweets was also investigated. As a control, we examined tweets generated about the main causes of death in the United States of America, the main chronic neurological degenerative diseases, and HIV. Results In total, 13,119 tweets about mental health disorders sent by the American mainstream media outlets were analyzed. The results showed a heterogeneous distribution but preferential accumulation for a select number of conditions. Suicide and gender dysphoria accounted for half of the number of tweets sent. Variability in the number of tweets related to each control disease was also found (5998). The number of tweets sent regarding each different psychiatric or organic disease analyzed was significantly correlated with the number of retweets generated by followers (1,030,974 and 424,813 responses to mental health disorders and organic diseases, respectively). However, the probability of a tweet being retweeted differed significantly among the conditions and diseases analyzed. Furthermore, the retweeted to tweet ratio was significantly higher for psychiatric diseases than for the control diseases (odds ratio 1.11, CI 1.07-1.14; P<.001). Conclusions American mainstream media outlets and the general public demonstrate a preferential interest for psychiatric diseases on Twitter. The heterogeneous weights given by the media outlets analyzed to the different mental health disorders and conditions are reflected in the responses of Twitter followers.
Distributed Video Analytics across Edge and Cloud using ECHO

Analytics over urban video streams is well suited for distributed computing across Edge, Fog and Cloud. Such streams are network intensive, making it is prohibitive to fully transfer them to the Cloud. Deep Neural Networks have achieved remarkable accuracy in image classification, but are computationally costly on just Edge devices. We propose ECHO as a big data platform to compose IoT dataflows and seamlessly distribute them across Edge and Cloud resources. In this demonstration, we illustrate the capabilities of ECHO for deploying several video analytics applications to support smart city use-cases.
Ouroboros Genesis: Composable Proof-of-Stake Blockchains with Dynamic Availability

We present a novel Proof-of-Stake (PoS) protocol, Ouroboros Genesis, that enables parties to safely join (or rejoin) the protocol execution using only the genesis block information. Prior to our work, PoS protocols either required parties to obtain a trusted "checkpoint" block upon joining and, furthermore, to be frequently online or required an accurate estimate of the number of online parties to be hardcoded into the protocol logic. This ability of new parties to "bootstrap from genesis" was a hallmark property of the Bitcoin blockchain and was considered an important advantage of PoW-based blockchains over PoS-based blockchains since it facilitates robust operation in a setting with dynamic availability, i.e., the natural setting---without external trusted objects such as checkpoint blocks---where parties come and go arbitrarily, may join at any moment, or remain offline for prolonged periods of time. We prove the security of Ouroboros Genesis against a fully adaptive adversary controlling less than half of the total stake in a partially synchronous network with unknown message delay and unknown, varying levels of party availability. Our security proof is in the Universally Composable setting assuming the most natural abstraction of a hash function, known as the strict Global Random Oracle (ACM-CCS 2014); this highlights an important advantage of PoS blockchains over their PoW counterparts in terms of composability with respect to the hash function formalisation: rather than a strict GRO, PoW-based protocol security requires a "local" random oracle. Finally, proving the security of our construction against an adaptive adversary requires a novel martingale technique that may be of independent interest in the analysis of blockchain protocols.
A novel algorithm for DC analysis of piecewise-linear circuits: popcorn

A fast and convergent iteration method for piecewise-linear analysis of nonlinear resistive circuits is presented. Most of the existing algorithms are applicable only to a limited class of circuits. In general, they are either not convergent or too slow for large circuits. The new algorithm presented in the paper is much more efficient than the existing ones and can be applied to any piecewise-linear circuit. It is based on the piecewise-linear version of the Newton-Raphson algorithm. As opposed to the Newton-Raphson method, the new algorithm is globally convergent from an arbitrary starting point. It is simple to understand and it can be easily programmed. Some numerical examples are given in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of the amount of computation. >
Evaluation of redundancy analysis to identify signatures of local adaptation

Ordination is a common tool in ecology that aims at representing complex biological information in a reduced space. In landscape genetics, ordination methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) have been used to detect adaptive variation based on genomic data. Taking advantage of environmental data in addition to genotype data, redundancy analysis (RDA) is another ordination approach that is useful to detect adaptive variation. This paper aims at proposing a test statistic based on RDA to search for loci under selection. We compare redundancy analysis to pcadapt, which is a nonconstrained ordination method, and to a latent factor mixed model (LFMM), which is a univariate genotype-environment association method. Individual-based simulations identify evolutionary scenarios where RDA genome scans have a greater statistical power than genome scans based on PCA. By constraining the analysis with environmental variables, RDA performs better than PCA in identifying adaptive variation when selection gradients are weakly correlated with population structure. Additionally, we show that if RDA and LFMM have a similar power to identify genetic markers associated with environmental variables, the RDA-based procedure has the advantage to identify the main selective gradients as a combination of environmental variables. To give a concrete illustration of RDA in population genomics, we apply this method to the detection of outliers and selective gradients on an SNP data set of Populus trichocarpa (Geraldes et al., 2013). The RDA-based approach identifies the main selective gradient contrasting southern and coastal populations to northern and continental populations in the northwestern American coast.
Identification and treatment of residual and relapsed idiopathic clubfoot in 88 children

Background and purpose — The Ponseti treatment is successful in idiopathic clubfoot. However, approximately 11–48% of all clubfeet maintain residual deformities or relapse. Early treatment, which possibly reduces the necessity for additional surgery, requires early identification of these problematic clubfeet. We identify deformities of residual/relapsed clubfeet and the treatments applied to tackle these deformities in a large tertiary clubfoot treatment center. Patients and methods — Retrospective chart review of patients who visited our clinic between 2012 and 2015 focused on demographics, deformities of the residual/relapsed clubfoot, and applied treatment. Residual deformities were defined as deformities that were never fully corrected and needed additional treatment. We defined relapse as any deformity of the clubfoot reoccurring, after initial successful treatment, with necessity for additional treatment. Results — We identified 33 patients with residual and 55 patients with relapsed clubfeet. In both groups decreased dorsal flexion and adduction were the most often registered deformities. Furthermore, often equinus/decreased dorsiflexion, active supination, and varus occurred. In more than half, typical profiles of combined deformities were found. Relapses occurred at all stages of treatment and follow-up; half of the residual or relapsed clubfeet were identified before the end of the bracing period. In half of the patients, additional treatment consisted of the Ponseti treatment, one–quarter also required adaptation of the brace protocol, and one–quarter needed additional surgery. The Ponseti treatment was mainly reapplied if feet presented with relapses or residues until the age of 5. Interpretation — Practitioners should especially be aware of equinus/decreased dorsiflexion, adduction, and active supination as a sign of a residual or relapsed clubfoot. Due to the heterogeneous profiles of these clubfeet, treatment strategy should be based on a step-by step approach including recasting, bracing, and if necessary surgical intervention.