Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amdahl ' s Law , Gustafson ' s Trend , and the Performance Limits of Parallel Applications

Parallelization is a core strategic-planning consideration for all software makers, and the amount of performance benefit available from parallelizing a given application (or part of an application) is a key aspect of setting performance goals for the parallelization process. Theoretical discussions of performance potential are necessarily the starting point for understanding the critical issues involved, before moving to practical issues associated with a given project. Amdahl's Law and its modification by Gustafson's trend give us the basic means to understand what's possible for a given application, and tools and best practices give us the means to decide how to use that information in practice.
Influence of pre-cure freezing on the profile of volatile compounds during the processing of Iberian hams.

BACKGROUND This work was designed to study the effect of pre-cure freezing of raw thighs from Iberian pigs on the profile of volatile compounds during the processing of hams. RESULTS Generation of volatile compounds during Iberian ham processing was similar in both pre-cure frozen and refrigerated hams, the main differences being at the final stage. The levels of 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,3-butanediol and 2-heptanol were significantly higher in dry-cured hams that were pre-cure frozen than in refrigerated ones, whereas the content of most detected esters was statistically lower in pre-cure frozen than in refrigerated hams. CONCLUSION The effect of pre-cure freezing of Iberian ham on the profile of volatile compounds during ripening was not remarkable. Few differences were found in the final product, which would not greatly modify the aroma and flavour features of the dry-cured hams.
Identification and Actions of a Novel Third Maresin Conjugate in Tissue Regeneration: MCTR3

Maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration (MCTR) are a new family of evolutionarily conserved chemical signals that orchestrate host responses to promote tissue regeneration and resolution of infections. Herein, we identified the novel MCTR3 and established rank order potencies and matched the stereochemistries of MCTR1, MCTR2 and MCTR3 using material prepared by total organic synthesis and mediators isolated from both mouse and human systems. MCTR3 was produced from endogenous substrate by E. coli activated human macrophages and identified in sepsis patients. Each of the three synthetic MCTR dose-dependently (1–100nM) accelerated tissue regeneration in planaria by 0.6–0.9 days. When administered at the onset or peak of inflammation, each of the MCTR promoted resolution of E. coli infections in mice. They increased bacterial phagocytosis by exudate leukocytes (~15–50%), limited neutrophil infiltration (~20–50%), promoted efferocytosis (~30%) and reduced eicosanoids. MCTR1 and MCTR2 upregulated human neutrophil and macrophage phagocytic responses where MCTR3 also proved to possess potent actions. These results establish the complete stereochemistry and rank order potencies for MCTR1, MCTR2 and MCTR3 that provide novel resolution moduli in regulating host responses to clear infections and promote tissue regeneration.
Characterization of Ehrlichia risticii binding, internalization, and proliferation in host cells by flow cytometry

The binding, internalization, and proliferation of Ehrlichia risticii in P388D1 cells and equine polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes were studied by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric analysis. The binding of ehrlichiae to P388D1 cells at 4 degrees C was dose dependent, and the antigens of bound organisms were susceptible to pronase treatment. Additionally, the binding of ehrlichiae to P388D1 cells was diminished when either P388D1 cells or ehrlichiae were treated with 1% paraformaldehyde for 30 min or 0.25% trypsin for 15 min. These results indicate that the ehrlichial ligand and host cell receptor are likely surface proteins. Following incubation at 37 degrees C, bound E. risticii and/or its antigens were removed with pronase and indirect immunofluorescent staining in the presence of saponin was used to examine intracellular ehrlichiae. Our results indicate that E. risticii was internalized into P388D1 cells within 3 h and proliferated by 48 h of incubation. The microfilament-disrupting agent cytochalasin D and the transglutaminase inhibitor monodansylcadaverine were used to differentiate between phagocytosis (sensitive to cytochalasin) and receptor-mediated endocytosis (sensitive to monodansylcadaverine) of E. risticii by P388D1 cells. In concentrations that produced distinctive morphological changes and inhibited phagocytosis of polystyrene latex beads, cytochalasin D did not suppress the infectivity of E. risticii. Binding, internalization, or proliferation of E. risticii was not affected by cytochalasin D. However, monodansylcadaverine inhibited infection of E. risticii in a dose-dependent manner. The agent did not affect the attachment of ehrlichiae to host cells, but it did suppress internalization and proliferation. These results suggest that E. risticii is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis and that productive infection by E. risticii does not depend on phagocytosis by the P388D1 cells. Although E. risticii did not bind to the surface of equine PMN leukocytes at 4 degrees C, organisms were taken up by this cell at 37 degrees C. E. risticii, however, failed to survive in equine PMN leukocytes.
Atlas of Pacific Salmon: The First Map-Based Status Assessment of Salmon in the North Pacific

Interestingly, atlas of pacific salmon the first map based status assessment of salmon in the north pacific that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.
Evasion of Influenza A Viruses from Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses

The influenza A virus is one of the leading causes of respiratory tract infections in humans. Upon infection with an influenza A virus, both innate and adaptive immune responses are induced. Here we discuss various strategies used by influenza A viruses to evade innate immune responses and recognition by components of the humoral and cellular immune response, which consequently may result in reduced clearing of the virus and virus-infected cells. Finally, we discuss how the current knowledge about immune evasion can be used to improve influenza A vaccination strategies.
New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Silvanidae and Laemophloeidae

Abstract One species of Silvanidae, Silvanus muticus Sharp, is newly recorded from New Brunswick, Canada and the Maritime provinces; Ahasverus longulus (Blatchley) is re-instated to the faunal list of the province, and we report the first recent provincial records of Dendrophagus cygnaei Mannerheim. Five species of Laemophloeidae (Charaphloeus convexulus (LeConte), Charaphloeus undescribed species (near adustus), Leptophloeus angustulus (LeConte), Placonotus zimmermanni (LeConte), and an undescribed Leptophloeus species) are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.
Web 2.0 and Politics: The 2008 U.S. Presidential Election and an E-Politics Research Agenda

The Internet was a major factor in the 2008 U.S. presidential campaign and has become an important tool for political communication and persuasion. Yet, information systems research is generally silent on the role of the Internet in politics. In this paper, we argue that IS is positioned to enhance understanding of the influence of the Internet on politics, and, more specifically, the process of election campaigning using Internet-based technologies such as Web 2.0. In this paper, we discuss how these technologies can change the nature of competition in politics and replace or complement traditional media. Our empirical study on how Web 2.0 technologies were used by the candidates leading up to the 2008 U.S. presidential primaries sheds light on how these technologies influenced candidate performance. Finally, we outline a research agenda highlighting where IS can contribute to the academic discourse on e-politics.
A generalization of the Random Energy Model which includes correlations between energies

The Random Energy Model is generalized to treat arbitrary correlations between pairs of energy levels. This Generalized Random Energy Model remains soluble. The sudden freezing which occurs in the RE model can, in the generalized version, become a progressive freezing when temperature decreases Le modele d'energie aleatoire est generalise pour prendre en compte des correlations arbitraires entre paires de niveaux d'energies. Ce modele reste un modele de verre de spin resoluble. Le gel brutal du modele a energies aleatoires peut etre remplace en gel progressif quand on baisse la temperature
Emergence of a Nephropathogenic Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus with a Novel Genotype in India

ABSTRACT We describe the emergence of a nephropathogenic avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) with a novel genotype in India. The Indian IBV isolate exhibited a relatively high degree of sequence divergence with reference strains. The highest homology was observed with strain 6/82 (68%) and the least homology with strain Mex/1765/99 (34.3%).
Cortical Tuber Count: A Biomarker Indicating Neurologic Severity of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

The relationship between the number of cortical tubers observed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the severity of cerebral dysfunction of tuberous sclerosis patients has been examined in a meta-analysis of the published literature. The literature review has identified five independent studies for examining the association. These studies consistently reveal that the cortical tuber count detected on MRI scans is increased among those with more severe cerebral disease. Severity of the cerebral dysfunction is measured by the seizure status and its control and by the developmental status and the level of mental retardation. Meta-analysis demonstrates that within a study population, the MRI-detected cortical tuber count is six times more likely to be above the median count for tuberous sclerosis patients with severe cerebral dysfunction (poor seizure control or moderate-severe retardation or both) than more mildly affected tuberous sclerosis patients. Similarly, across studies, moderately to severely affected patients are five times more likely to have greater than seven MRI-detected cortical tubers than those more mildly affected. These associations are both statistically significant and strong. The cortical tuber count is a biomarker that reasonably predicts the severity of cerebral dysfunction of tuberous sclerosis. Cortical tubers of tuberous sclerosis form in the early gestational period. The embryologic disruption determining the clinical severity of the cortical dysfunction of tuberous sclerosis is set in the early gestational period. (J Child Neurol 1997;12:85-90).
Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 1: Lorises, Lemurs and Tarsiers: Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 2: New World Monkeys: Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 3: Old World Monkeys and Apes

Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 1: Lorises, Lemurs and Tarsiers. Robert W. Sussman. Needham Heights. MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, 1999. 284 pp. Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 2: New World Monkeys. Robert W. Sussman. Needham Heights. MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2000. 207 pp. Primate Ecology and Social Structure Vol. 3: Old World Monkeys and Apes. Robert W. Sussman. Needham Heights. MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, in press.
A national in-patient prescription chart: the experience in Wales 2004-2012.

After the founding of the United Kingdom National Health Service, it was decided that there should be a single prescription form for general practice (where 90% of all prescribing occurs), so that all doctors would be familiar with it and prescriptions could be more easily processed for reimbursement and audit purposes. Thus the FP10 was born and it has remained relatively unchanged since then as a UK national prescription form for general practice. However the FP10 is a relatively simple form and did not meet the more complex requirements of hospital prescribing. Individual hospitals in the UK were left to design their own prescription charts for in-patient use and therefore many different charts were developed throughout the UK. Here I describe the development and implementation of a single national prescription chart in Wales since 2004.
Interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis: a simple staging system.

RATIONALE In interstitial lung disease complicating systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD), the optimal prognostic use of baseline pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is uncertain. OBJECTIVES To construct a readily applicable prognostic algorithm in SSc-ILD, integrating PFTs and HRCT. METHODS The prognostic value of baseline PFT and HRCT variables was quantified in patients with SSc-ILD (n = 215) against survival and serial PFT data. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Increasingly extensive disease on HRCT was a powerful predictor of mortality (P < 0.0005), with an optimal extent threshold of 20%. In patients with HRCT extent of 10-30% (termed indeterminate disease), an FVC threshold of 70% was an adequate prognostic substitute. On the basis of these observations, SSc-ILD was staged as limited disease (minimal disease on HRCT or, in indeterminate cases, FVC >or= 70%) or extensive disease (severe disease on HRCT or, in indeterminate cases, FVC < 70%). This system (hazards ratio [HR], 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-5.46; P < 0.0005) was more discriminatory than an HRCT threshold of 20% (HR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.57-3.92; P < 0.0005) or an FVC threshold of 70% (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.34-3.32; P = 0.001). The system was evaluated by four trainees and four practitioners, with minimal and severe disease on HRCT defined as clearly < 20% or clearly > 20%, respectively, and the use of an FVC threshold of 70% in indeterminate cases. The staging system was predictive of mortality for all scorers, with prognostic separation higher for practitioners (HR, 3.39-3.82) than trainees (HR, 1.87-2.60). CONCLUSIONS An easily applicable limited/extensive staging system for SSc-ILD, based on combined evaluation with HRCT and PFTs, provides discriminatory prognostic information.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA PARA O TRABALHADOR DO CAMPO: UM ESTUDO NO CURSO TÉCNICO À DISTÂNCIA EM AGROPECUÁRIA DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO SUDESTE DE MINAS GERAIS

O presente trabalho faz uma analise critica da educacao a distância (EaD) para o trabalhador do campo por meio do curso tecnico em agropecuaria, na modalidade a distância, do Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Sudeste de Minas Gerais (IFSMG). Em relacao ao metodo, a pesquisa foi classificada como exploratoria, predominantemente qualitativa e estudo de caso. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com sujeitos responsaveis pela parte administrativa e/ou academica do curso. Alem disso, o estudo apresenta a necessidade que o trabalhador do campo, em especifico, tem de profissionalizacao e acesso a conhecimentos relativos a sua area de atuacao, e como a educacao a distância vem a contribuir para este proposito, bem como produz concomitantemente um efeito secundario, que e a inclusao digital.
An amazing exercise in recursion for CS1 and CS2

This paper describes an exercise which has been used in both CS1 and CS2 courses for the purpose of introducing the concepts of recursion and stacks, and for illustrating the benefits of procedural abstraction. The problem is to write a program which finds a path through a rectangular maze. The exercise is used in CS1 as part of an introduction to recursion. In CS2, it is used to illustrate and employ the abstract data type “stack. ” In both exercises, the ideas are presented so as to reinforce the concepts of top-down design, and procedural and data abstraction.
Elevated Testosterone Levels in HIV-Infected Men

Little is known about HIV-infected patients with serum testosterone levels in high normal to elevated ranges. An HIV-infected patient with hepatitis C and unexplained high serum testosterone levels prompted a retrospective chart review into the association of hepatitis C and serum testosterone levels greater than 1000 ng/mL in our clinic. The charts of 1419 male HIV patients were reviewed. Out of 1419 patients, 159 (11%) met the criteria for data analysis. A total of 8 patients had serum testosterone levels greater than 1000 ng/mL. There was no significant correlation between hepatitis C antibody positivity or presence of hepatitis C viremia as measured by viral load, nor was there any significant correlation with CD4+ cell counts. We found a weak positive association between years since reported diagnosis of HIV and high testosterone levels.
Systematic errors in digital cross correlators due to quantization and differential nonlinearity

The errors in digital cross correlators caused by quantization and differential nonlinearity are discussed. It is shown that if there is sufficient uncorrelated noise, the effects of quantization are negligible. Analytic expressions for errors caused by differential nonlinearity in a cross correlator measuring Gaussian noise are derived. A procedure for calibrating digital cross correlators is outlined. The results of the analysis are verified to high accuracy by computer simulation of digital cross correlators based on nonideal analog-to-digital converters. The results find direct application in high-accuracy Johnson noise thermometry.
Rapid heterogeneous oxidation of organic coatings on submicron aerosols

Laboratory studies have found that heterogeneous oxidation can affect the composition and loading of atmospheric organic aerosol particles over time scales of several days, but most studies have examined pure organic particles only. In this study, in order to probe the reactivity of organic species confined near the particle surface, the rates and products of the OH‐initiated oxidation of pure squalane particles are compared to oxidation of thin coatings of squalane on ammonium sulfate particles. The squalane reaction rate constant shows a linear dependence on the organic surface area‐to‐volume ratio, with rate constants for coated particles up to 10 times larger than for pure particles. Changes in the carbon oxidation state and fraction of particulate carbon remaining show similar enhancements, implying that heterogeneous oxidation may exhibit a stronger effect on the loadings and properties of organic aerosol than previously estimated from laboratory studies.
Physiological measurements of walking and running in people with transtibial amputations with 3 different prostheses.

STUDY DESIGN A 3-factor (foot type, speed, and mode of ambulation) repeated-measures experimental design was used. OBJECTIVES To compare the differences in energy expenditure, gait efficiency, and relative exercise intensity in persons with transtibial amputations with various prostheses. BACKGROUND There is a need for improved prosthetic designs to accommodate physically active persons with lower-extremity amputations. METHODS AND MEASURES We used progressive speeds of treadmill walking (53.64, 67.05, 80.46, 93.87, and 107.28 m/min) and running (120.69, 134.1, and 147.51 m/min) with 3 different types of prostheses: the Solid Ankle Cushion Heel (SACH) foot, the Flex-Foot (FF), and the Re-Flex Vertical Shock Pylon (VSP) prosthesis. Five physically active men with unilateral transtibial amputations served as subjects (aged 31.6 +/- 4.28 years). RESULTS The following statistically significant differences (improvements) between the Re-Flex VSP versus the FF and the SACH foot were found. Energy cost: walking (5%), running (11%); gait efficiency: walking (6%), running (9%); relative exercise intensity: walking (4%), running (5%). However, we found no significant differences between the FF and the SACH. CONCLUSIONS The Re-Flex VSP appears to have a positive effect on energy cost, efficiency, and relative exercise intensity compared with the other prosthetic foot types during walking and running.
Human alpha 1(III) and alpha 2(V) procollagen genes are located on the long arm of chromosome 2.

The multigene procollagen family encodes probably greater than 20 genetically distinct but structurally related polypeptide chains. Recent characterization of human procollagen clones has allowed determination of functional domains within the proteins, genomic organization, and chromosomal location. Previously, we assigned the coordinately expressed type I genes (alpha 1 and alpha 2) to chromosomes 17 and 7, respectively, and now other investigators have mapped the type II gene to chromosome 12 [Strom, C. M. , Eddy, R. L. & Shows, T. B. (1984) Somatic Cell Genet. 10, 651-655]. Recently, we isolated cDNA clones encoding the fourth interstitial procollagen, type III, and the alpha 2 chain of the type V cytoskeletal components. To determine whether these genes were clustered with alpha 1(I), alpha 2(I), or alpha 1(II) or were further dispersed in the genome, in situ hybridization of the alpha 1(III) and alpha 2(V) probes to metaphase chromosomes was carried out. Here we report a fourth autosome with procollagen gene loci but the first cytological evidence for linkage. By using normal and translocated cell lines, our results show that both the alpha 1(III) and alpha 2(V) procollagen genes map to the q24.3----q31 region of chromosome 2.
The value of estrogen and progesterone receptor determinations in advanced breast cancer. Estrogen receptor level but not progesterone receptor level correlates with response to tamoxifen

Four hundred fifteen patients with metastatic breast cancer with known hormone receptor status received primary treatment with tamoxifen. Measured values for the estrogen receptor (ER, i.e., with estrogen binding) followed a continuous distribution (range, 3 to 1000 fmol/mg of protein). These values correlated positively with age. The response to treatment with tamoxifen correlated with the ER level, with response rates of approximately 80% when the ER level was greater than 30.1 fmol/mg of protein. Two hundred eighteen (218 of 415, 52%) patients had progesterone receptor (PR) values greater than 10 fmol/mg. The PR positivity correlated with the ER level. Patients with PR levels greater than 10 fmol/mg of protein (124 of 226, 55%) had a significantly higher response rate than those with values less than 10 fmol/mg of protein (45 of 189, 24%). However, in a multivariate analysis including both receptor levels, age, site, and number of metastases, only the ER level was significant in predicting the response to treatment with tamoxifen. A quantitative estimation of the ER level thus is the best predictor of response to hormonal treatment with tamoxifen for advanced breast cancer.