Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute ischaemic stroke interventions: large vessel occlusion and beyond

Care for acute ischaemic stroke is one of the most rapidly evolving fields due to the robust outcomes achieved by mechanical thrombectomy. Large vessel occlusion (LVO) accounts for up to 38% of acute ischaemic stroke and comes with devastating outcomes for patients, families and society in the pre-intervention era. A paradigm shift and a breakthrough brought mechanical thrombectomy back into the spotlight for acute ischaemic stroke; this was because five randomised controlled trials from several countries concluded that mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke offered overwhelming benefits. This review article will present a comprehensive overview of LVO management, techniques and devices used, and the future of stroke therapy. In addition, we review our institution experience of mechanical thrombectomy for posterior and distal circulation occlusion.
No escape from the island: On extraction from complement wh-clauses in English

In theoretical syntax, English complement wh-clause are considered syntactic islands which block extraction in an asymmetric way: Argument extraction is more acceptable than adjunct extraction. Though this pattern is often assumed to be universal, studies have shown that Danish (and other Mainland Scandinavian languages) may be exceptions. It has also been argued that the patterns of (un)acceptability are biased by expert intuitions. We present data from 100 native speakers of English which confi rms (i) that English complement wh-clauses are islands, (ii) that there is a (subtle) argumentadjunct asymmetry, and (iii) that this acceptability pattern is not due to participant bias. Together with earlier fi ndings on Danish, these results are compatible with an island account that relies on parametric variation in the possibility of CP-recursion.
Implementation of Market Basket Analysis based on Overall Variability of Association Rule (OCVR) on Product Marketing Strategy

Marketing strategy is an important thing that must be developed by retail. A method that can be used to develop a marketing strategy based on customer buying pattern is Association Rule (AR). AR is the process of finding association relationships between products that occur in one transaction. The application of AR to analyze custumer buying patterns is referred to as Market Basket Analysis (MBA). Rule obtained from ARMBA is sometimes not enough to provide an analysis when the variability of costumer buying pattern is high. Overall Variability of Association Rule (OCVR) is an indicator that focuses on analyzing market basket which assumes high variability in custumer behavior in buying products. This study used custumer transaction data of a retail in Yogyakarta. The data consisted of 57784 transactions in a month involving 41248 items. This study produced rules for each period (weeks), then the rules were used for further analysis using OCVR. 59 rules produced on the 1st period, 48 rules on the 2nd period, 54 rules on the 3rd period, and 58 rule on the 4th period. From the rules obtained there were 17 rules have OCVR value smaller than 30%, thus these rules can be used to make marketing strategies. Product bundling and shelves product arrangement based on obtained rules were proposed as marketing strategies to promote product sales.
Die Arthropathie bei hereditärer Hämochromatose

Zusammenfassung Die Arthropathie bei hereditärer Hämochromatose (HH) ist eine wichtige metabolische und die häufigste genetisch bedingte Gelenkerkrankung in der Rheumatologie. Ihre Manifestation ist variabel. Unbehandelt ist die Erkrankung regelhaft progredient und gibt Anlass zu Verwechslungen mit Arthrosen, rheumatoider Arthritis oder einer Chondrokalzinose aus anderer Ursache. Dank der Identifikation der wesentlichen Risikogene hat sich die Diagnostik der HH in den letzten Jahren so verbessert, dass das Vollbild mit ausgeprägter Schädigung von Leber, Pankreas und Herz seltener geworden ist. Als Therapie hat die Aderlassbehandlung nichts von ihrer Bedeutung verloren. Das Screening von Familienangehörigen Betroffener kann subklinische Fälle erkennen, bevor eine massive Eisenüberladung einsetzt. Abstract Hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) arthropathy is an important metabolic and the most frequent inheritable joint disease in rheumatology. The involvement of joints in HH is variable and usually progressive. HH arthropathy may be misclassified as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or chondrocalcinosis from other causes. As the most relevant associated gene defects have been identified, diagnostic accuracy has largely improved over the past few years. Therefore, the development of the full-blown picture of HH with marked damage of liver, pancreas and heart has become rare. Treatment continues to rely on phlebotomy. The screening of relatives may identify early cases before excessive iron overload sets in.
Mimicking Own Mother's Milk for Preterms: Are We Getting Closer?

O wn mother’s milk is the optimal source of nutrition for preterm infants. The requirements may not be met completely, but supplemented unpasteurised expressed breast milk consumption results in the best shortand long-term outcomes when compared to formula-fed infants. All major societies support that view and the use of own mother’s milk has increased steadily over recent years (1). Infant formulas have undergone many modifications in previous decades so that the performance of formula-fed infants resembles more closely breastfed infants. These alterations include modifications in whey:casein ratio, addition of taurine, nucleotides, docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid, prebiotics (fructo-oligosaccharides/galacto-oligosaccharides or synthetic human milk oligosaccharides), and lutein. All these modifications have been expanded to preterm formulas as well, but it is obvious that those have not resulted in similar outcomes as observed in preterm infants fed own mother’s milk (2). It is, therefore, evident that further alterations in the composition of preterm formula need to be considered. Some of these alterations are discussed by Li et al (3) in this edition of the journal and by Buddington et al (4) now in press in this journal. Li et al describe 2 separate experiments in preterm piglets. First, in a 2 2 factorial design, they examined the effect of different lactose/maltodextrin ratios (3:1 vs 1:3) together with 2 different whey sources [3-fold higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) but 4-fold lower lactoferrin levels]. In the second experiment they tested different processing techniques (low vs standard heating) of the formula’s sweet whey fraction in order to better preserve some bioactivity. Buddington et al performed a similar type of experiment where preterm piglets were randomised to receive either 100% lactose or 100% maltodextrin as the formula’s carbohydrate source. Both research groups have broad experience in preterm piglet models and have shown these animals to be prone for developing necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) (5). Within the experiments presented in the article by Li et al, neither were differences observed in NEC incidence, nor were there effects on organ or body weights, or on intestinal permeability. Modest effects were seen such as increased villi length, hexose absorption and lactase activity in the higher lactose and IgG but lower lactoferrin formula. In
Evolutionary relationships among bullhead sharks (Chondrichthyes, Heterodontiformes)

The evolution of modern sharks, skates and rays (Elasmobranchii) is largely enigmatic due to their possession of a labile cartilaginous skeleton; consequently, taxonomic assignment often depends on isolated teeth. Bullhead sharks (Heterodontiformes) are a group of basal neoselachians, thus their remains and relationships are integral to understanding elasmobranch evolution. Herein we fully describe †Paracestracion danieli – a bullhead shark from the Late Jurassic plattenkalks of Eichstätt, Germany (150–154 Ma) – for its inclusion in cladistic analysis (utilizing parsimonious principles) of morphological characters from complete †Paracestracion and Heterodontus fossil specimens as well as extant forms of the latter. The presence of two separate monophyletic clades within Heterodontiformes was confirmed, based on predominantly non‐dental characters, which show a strong divergence in body morphology between †Paracestracion and Heterodontus; the latter possessing a first dorsal fin and pectoral fins that are more anterior and pelvic fins that are more posterior. This study emphasizes the importance of including non‐dental features in heterodontiform systematics (as compared with the use of dental characters alone) and supports the erection of the family †Paracestracionidae. Further, phylogenetic analysis of molecular data from five extant species suggests that crown heterodontiforms arose from a diversification event 42.58 Ma off the west coast of the Americas.
Swine growth physiology

Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to present the aspects related to the growth and development of muscle tissue and the animal as a whole, as well as to discuss the possible technical manipulations employed to improve the quantity and quality of meat produced. In recent years the pig industry has been focusing on the selection of high productivity sows, aiming at increasing the number of weaned pigs / sow / year. However, the emphasis on sow prolificity has resulted in a substantial increase in the number of piglets born / calving, having a direct effect on piglet quality, with reduced birth weight and unevenness of piglets. In addition to the quantitative aspects related to animal performance, it should be considered that the quality of the final product is also of extreme importance, being its main objective meat production, the factors that interfere in this process also deserve special attention. Small piglets reach slaughter weights lower than the heaviest ones and / or take longer days to reach their sales weight, which consequently costs the production cost. Key-words: Pig Farming, Development, Animal Production
Mortality pattern of broiler chicken reared in Kashmir: Effect of season and age

Present study was undertaken to investigate the mortality pattern among broiler chicken in Kashmir. Samples comprised of mortalities from various poultry farms operating in Srinagar, Ganderbal, and Budgam, Districts along with their adjoining areas during April 2014 to June 2015. Disease diagnosis involved systematic approach based on the history, clinical signs and lesions, after following a thorough post mortem examination. Monthly, seasonal and age-wise mortality distribution; case prevalence of diseases / disease conditions; disease-wise, month-wise, seasonal and age-wise proportionate mortalities were worked out. Out of a total of 16935 necropsies, higher proportionate mortality was encountered during autumn (41.17%), followed by spring (24.93%), summer (23.63%) and winter (10.27%). Higher proportion of carcasses belonged to 0-7 day age group. Necropsy examination revealed highest case prevalence for collibacillosis (29.873) followed by respiratory tract affections (20.466%) throughout the year. Other diseases/disease conditions observed include, Sudden Death Syndrome, Omphalitis, Ascites, Hepatic Affections, Salmonellosis, IBD, Nephrosis, Coccidiosis, Visceral gout, Nonspecific enteritis, Newcastle disease, and Aspergillosis. While most of the diseases were prevalent throughout the year, occasional out breaks of ND, IBD, and aspergillosis were recorded. The case prevalence and proportionate mortality showed marked seasonal and age effects for different diseases.
PARP inhibitors and breast cancer: highlights and hang-ups

ABSTRACT Introduction: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been developed clinically as a treatment for cancers with defects in the DNA repair processes controlled by the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumour suppressor genes. Although the path from concept through to clinical approval for PARPi in breast cancer has not been straightforward, recent clinical trial data suggests that some of the enthusiasm for developing these drugs in this disease is starting to return. Areas covered: The authors review published pre-clinical and clinical data pertaining to the use of PARPi in breast cancer, including: mechanism of action of PARPi; predictive biomarkers associated with drug sensitivity; clinical trials of PARPi in breast cancer, and mechanisms of drug resistance and drug combination strategies. Expert commentary: The publication of phase III clinical trial data describing a progression free survival benefit in breast cancer patients with BRCA gene mutations treated with PARPi suggests that the comparative drought of clinical data in this setting is coming to an end. The task ahead is now to optimise PARPi therapy, identifying the ideal drug combinations to use with these agents as well as establishing the optimal stage and scheduling that should be used to achieve maximum benefit and manage the emergence of resistance.
A rare cause of chest pain: pleuropulmonary solitary fibrous tumor

A 45-year-old female patient is referred to our service for presenting seven months with left chest pain accompanied by dyspnea. At the chest tomography, a low-density mass with the presence of multiple vascularized septa, without evidence of tumor extension, without mediastinum nodes growth, neither metastatic lesions. The patient was operated with posterolateral thoracotomy. In the exploration, a 10x8x6 cm spherical mass was found which was solid, mobile, with pulmonary apical parenchyma peduncle, and it was totally excised. The postoperative pathology of the patient was reported as a pleuropulmonary solitary fibrous tumor. The management of this case took guidance from the Perrot’s recommendations, surgical resection is the mainstay treatment.
Study of awareness of insulin usage in diabetics attending NRI Medical College and General Hospital

questions ABSTRACT Background: India had 69.2 million diabetic patients. Insulin is an important part of diabetes treatment, but one-third of patients fail to take their insulin as prescribed, and many adults intentionally skip their doses. Since, diabetes treatment continues for lifetime, there is a need to assess the knowledge and understanding of patients in relation to their disease process and its management. Methods: A cross sectional, observational, knowledge and attitude survey were carried on patients with type II diabetes mellitus who are taking insulin therapy and attended medicine diabetes OPD in tertiary care Hospital during the period of April 2017 to Dec 2017. 200 diabetic patients’ ≥18 years of age who were willing to respond to the study questionnaire were interviewed. Results: Total of 200 study participants were interviewed using structured questionnaires, almost 75 (37.5%) of the respondents were age group of 41 - 50 years. 109 (54.5 %) male, 67 (33.5%)Hindus, 121 (60.5 %) married,79 (39.5%) were primary school, 120 (73.8%) were family history of diabetes, duration of treatment1-3 years 72 (31.5 %), 160 (63%) of the study subjects know about diabetes is high blood glucose, 119(59.5%)of subjects know complications of diabetes, 165(82.5%) were know about insulin used for diabetes, 115 (57.5%) of patients know other substitute for insulin, 94 (47%) of the study subjects have knowledge of complications of insulin therapy, 85 (42.5) were know different types of insulin preparations, 141 (70.5%) were know insulin is mandatory in some patients,159 (79.5%) were understood the route of administration of insulin. Conclusions: The finding of present study showed that, diabetes patients had average knowledge and less favourable attitude among diabetic patients toward insulin therapy.
Nasal high flow application for perioperative support of respiratory system in adult patients

Perioperative respiratory support is by far the most significant goal of anesthesiologists. Maintenance of oxygenation within safe limits is achieved using conventional oxygen devices and pressure support ventilation in order to reduce adverse respiratory and non-respiratory events. Over the past decade, nasal high flow (NHF) has been introduced for oxygen therapy in adults with hypoxemic respiratory failure. In the present review, we present the physiologic effects of NHF that make it suitable for respiratory support during the perioperative period of adult patients, its clinical implications and compare it to current clinical practice.
American Indians' Perceptions of Obesity and Its Effects on Healthy Lifestyles

American Indians’ Perceptions of Obesity and Its Effects on Healthy Lifestyles by Morgan Jane-Marie Foster MPH, Walden University, 2011 BS, University of North Dakota, 2006 BS, University of North Dakota, 2006 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health
SIMULACIÓN DE DISTRIBUCIONES MUESTRALES

Por lo general los cursos de estadística en una licenciatura presuponen que los estudiantes cuentan con conocimientos matemáticos que facilitarán la comprensión de diversas herramientas estadísticas. Al realizar inferencias acerca de un parámetro se utiliza la información de una muestra y generalmente se cuenta con un estimador de éste. Los estimadores son variables aleatorias y tienen asociadas una distribución de muestreo, a la cual nos acercamos por medio de herramientas de simulación, las cuales juegan un papel fundamental, ya que mediante ellas el estudiante comprende la distribución de muestral de varios estimadores y le es fácil conectar aspectos inferenciales a partir de los resultados computacionales obtenidos. El ahondar sobre las herramientas matemáticas necesarias para entender algunas de las distribuciones de muestreo en un curso de estadística, y el desarrollo de una aplicación que pueda facilitar esta enseñanza, son los motivos fundamentales que dieron lugar al presente material.
Another proposal about the new two-parameter estimator for linear regression model with correlated regressors

Abstract In this article, we present a new general class of biased estimators which includes some popular estimators as special cases and discuss its properties for multiple linear regression models when regressors are correlated. This proposal is based on some modification in the existing new two-parameter estimator. Performance of the proposed estimator is compared with many of the leading estimators, using the mean squared error matrix criterion, mitigating the adverse effects of multicollinearity. An extensive simulation study has been provided with a numerical example to illustrate the superiority of the proposed estimator.
Integrating Morphological Edge Detection and Mutual Information for Nonrigid Registration of Medical Images.

BACKGROUND Medical images are widely used within healthcare and medical research. There is an increased interest in precisely correlating information in these images through registration techniques for investigative and therapeutic purposes. This work proposes and evaluates an improved measure function for registration of carotid ultrasound and magnetic resonance images (MRI) taken at different times. METHODS To achieve this, a morphological edge detection operator has been designed to extract the vital edge information from images which is integrated with the Mutual Information (MI) to carry out the registration process. The improved performance of proposed registration measure function is demonstrated using four quality metrics: Correlation Coefficient (CC), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) and Gradient Magnitude Similarity Deviation (GMSD). The qualitative validation has also been done through visual inspection of the registered image pairs by clinical radiologists. RESULTS The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed the existing method (based on integrated MI and standard edge detection) for both ultrasound and MR images in terms of CC by about 4.67%, SSIM by 3.21%, VIF by 18.5%, and decreased GMSD by 37.01%. Whereas, in comparison to the standard MI based method, the proposed method has increased CC by 16.29%, SSIM by 16.13%, VIF by 52.56% and decreased GMSD by 66.06%, approximately. CONCLUSION Thus, the proposed method improves the registration accuracy when the original images are corrupted by noise, have low intensity values or missing data.
Differences Between Men and Women with Fibromyalgia

Abstract Objective While fibromyalgia (FM) affects both men and women, differences exist in several factors including prevalence, symptoms and attitudes. Understanding these differences will help define the best approach to the clinical management of this still poorly-understood disease. This systematic review sought to identify gender differences in FM. Data sources The databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, and Pesquisa were searched using the terms “fibromyalgia”, “men” and “women” and the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” for articles dealing with this topic published in any language in the past 20 years. The task force initially identified citations for 257 published articles. Study selection Of 257 records extracted, 28 articles were finally selected for inclusion. Data Extraction In the 28 studies, 2 studies were a clinical trial and the remaining studies were descriptive (10), observational studies (12), retrospective studies (2) and prospective studies (2). Articles were abstracted and quality of the studies determined using specific criteria. Data Synthesis The methodological quality of the studies reported in these articles was good (PEDro score 6.00±1.3328). Gender differences were detected in FM prevalence, symptoms and coping. Conclusions Overall, men with FM experienced more stress and worse sleep quality while women complained more of pain-related symptoms. Both sexes showed low physical activity levels. Both men and women responded well to manual treatment reporting substantial pain relief.
The Global Rise of Chronic Diseases: Why Broaden the Paradigm to Include Tick-borne Illness and Environmental Toxin Exposure?

7 The incidence of chronic diseases is rapidly increasing worldwide. It has been calculated that, in 2001, chronic diseases contributed to approximately 46% of the global burden of disease and 60% of the total reported deaths with that number expected to increase to 57% by 2020, when chronic diseases will account for almost 75% of all deaths worldwide [1,2]. The role of obesity, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco use, the harmful use of alcohol, as well as elevated blood pressure and blood glucose levels have all been validated as important variables in chronic disease [3]. These risk factors account, in part, for the top ten causes of disability and death worldwide, including non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, strokes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia as well as communicable diseases including infections like tuberculosis [4].