Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nosey Parkers? Professional Curiosity in Nursing and Social Work

Background Professional curiosity (PC) can uncover risks for clients who may be reluctant to accept help or are coerced. It has gained recent prominence in the UK in relation to safeguarding children. Yet its knowledge base is unclear. A scoping review (Arksey O’Malley 2005) was therefore conducted of the social work and nursing literature on PC. It was thematically analysed and key trans-disciplinary concerns were highlighted Aims This research sought to: Identify the knowledge base that has been produced by nursing and social work. Identify themes with significance for trans-disciplinary practice. Main discussion The literature on PC is in its infancy and whilst there are signs that it is being nurtured in training the literature does not reflect this happening to the same degree in practice. PC’s contributes to therapeutic relationships, assessing risks and identifying creative solutions, as well as being integral to anti discriminatory and reflective practice. However, personal, interactional, environmental, organisational and cultural factors can inhibit PC, undermining theses essential aspects of practice for nurses and social workers. Discussion and Conclusion PC is an essential aspect of the caring professions. Its absence can lead to disengaged practitioners and poor and ineffectual practice. As well as being an essential aspect of training further initiatives are required to ensure that it is subsequently cultivated in practice.
How Does Ontario Primary Care Perform? Effectiveness, Costs and Efficiency

In 2001, Ontario began introducing new primary care models characterized by physician remuneration mechanisms, interdisciplinary teams, access requirements, and patient enrolment. The objectives of the primary care reform were to improve the quality of and access to primary care and to make primary care more attractive as a physician specialty. This thesis explores the performance of the new primary care models – enhanced fee-for-service (FFS), blended capitation, and interdisciplinary teams compared to the traditional FFS model. The effectiveness, costs and efficiency are reviewed separately in three distinct studies. The study about effectiveness aims to measure the risk of having a hospitalization for an ambulatory care sensitive condition (ACSC). The risk of having an ACSC hospitalization was lower for patients whose physician practiced in an enhanced-FFS or in a capitation model compared to patients whose saw a FFS physician. It was higher for patients who saw physicians who worked in interdisciplinary teams. The second study examined primary care costs and total health care costs for a randomly selected 10% sample of the Ontario adult population. The costs were calculated at the individual level based on the prices of the services and the utilization. Compared to patients of FFS physicians,
Junior doctors’ communication with hospital pharmacists about prescribing: findings from a qualitative interview study

Objectives To explore factors affecting communication between Foundation Year (FY) 1 doctors and hospital pharmacists about prescribing from the junior doctors’ perspective. Methods Trained interviewers (n=4) conducted semistructured interviews with FY1 doctors who were purposively sampled from three hospitals in England. FY1 doctors were asked about their experiences of communication with hospital pharmacists about their prescribing; instances where they disagreed with or did not implement a hospital pharmacist’s recommendation; and their preferences for communicating with hospital pharmacists about prescribing. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results A total of 27 FY1 doctors were interviewed. Findings were categorised into four main themes: (1) nature and context of communication; (2) FY1 doctors’ perceptions of communication with hospital pharmacists; (3) factors influencing FY1 doctors’ decision whether to act on pharmacists’ prescribing recommendations; and (4) suggestions to improve communication with pharmacists. FY1 doctors and hospital pharmacists generally communicated well. FY1 doctors appreciated and frequently acted on pharmacists’ advice yet there was deference to senior medical staff when advice differed. Joint ward rounds, pharmacist-led teaching sessions and a standardised approach to communication were all suggested as ways to improve communication and may increase the likelihood of pharmacists’ recommendations being acted on. Conclusions FY1 doctors and hospital pharmacists communicated frequently about medication prescribing. Issues occurred when there were differences in professional judgement between senior medical staff and pharmacists but these were usually resolved satisfactorily for the FY1 doctor. Further interventions to improve communication and safe prescribing could involve a multidisciplinary and systems approach.
Deep Learning Method Vs. Hand-Crafted Features For Lung Cancer Diagnosis And Breast Cancer Risk Analysis

v List of Tables . viii List of Figures . ix List of Illustrations . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Breast cancer and lung cancer.1 1.2 Computer aided analysis system . 2 1.3 Hand-crafted features . 3 1.4 Deep learning methods . 4 Chapter 2: Breast cancer risk analysis . 7 2.1 Rationale: . 7 2.2 Materials . 12 2.3 Preprocessing and dense region extraction . 13 2.4 Hand-crafted feature extraction . 14 2.4.1 Single view feature extraction . 14 2.4.2 Dual view feature fusion and similarity features . 16 2.5 Feature analysis . 19 2.5. 1 Feature selection and classification . 19 2.5. 2 Experiment design and evaluation . 20 2.6 Deep learning method . 22 2.6. 1 Deep learning for breast cancer . 22 2.6. 2 Deep learning scheme . 23 2.7 Results . 26 2.7. 1 Results on ipsilateral view scheme . 26 2.7. 2 Results on deep learning scheme . 31 Chapter 3: Lung cancer diagnosis . 33 3.1 Rationale . 33 3.2 materials . 34 vii 3.3 Deep learning methods . 36 3.3.1 Convolutional Neural Network . 36 3.3.2 Deep Belief Networks . 37 3.3.3 Stacked Denoising Autoencoder . 39 3.4 Traditional CAD scheme . 41 3.5 Results . 42 Chapter 4: Conclusion.49 4.1 Breast cancer risk analysis . 49 4.2. Lung cancer diagnosis.52 References . 56
Undesirable Outcomes of Starvation Therapy of Cancer Require Special Attention

Nutritional starvation is a growing area of research into development of cancer therapy. Within the vast amount of positive research findings in starvation trials, there have been weaknesses in some of the systems utilized. Because such weaknesses are taken as adverse points that must be wellthought-out and avoided, such negative effects have been sought from the literature and presented in this work. This mini-review can then be a suitable guide for researchers and clinicians to either avoid situations where the growth of certain cancer cells is enhanced by certain forms or modes of starvation, or their metastatic abilities are boosted. The intraand extra-cellular mechanisms associated with these cellular enhancements have been demonstrated. Some negative interactions of starvation with chemotherapy have also been included. The understanding of these mechanisms can help avoid them for better future experimental and clinical results and may, at the same time, open new avenues for research workers to find ways of dismantling them.
Health economic aspects of minimally invasive surgical techniques

The aim of this thesis was to compare minimally invasivewith traditional open surgical techniques for various diseases with regards to cost-effectiveness. Health economic evaluations were performed using data from clinical trials and routine care data from registers. The healthcare perspective was represented in all four studies and the societal perspective (including sick-leave costs) was represented in three out of four studies. Paper I included a cost-minimization analysis of laparoscopic and open surgery as treatment for rectal cancer within the randomized, controlled COLOR II trial. From the healthcare perspective laparoscopic surgery was costlier while from the societal perspective no significant long-term difference was observed. Paper II included a cost analysis of laparoscopic lavage versus Hartmann’s procedure as treatment for complicated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis within the randomized, controlled DILALA trial. Laparoscopic lavage was considered less costly both at 12 months and throughout patients’ expected life, from the healthcare perspective. Paper III was a cost analysis of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) versus open surgery for prostate cancer within the prospective trial LAPPRO. RALP was associated with a higher mean cost than open surgery from both the healthcare and societal perspective at 24 months. Paper IV was a prospective cohort study of cost-effectiveness for laparoscopic versus open surgery as treatment for colorectal cancer, with resource use data and unit costs derived from Swedish national registers. Laparoscopic surgery was associated with better clinical and cost outcomes from both healthcare and societal perspectives at 12 months after primary surgery. Minimally invasive surgery can be cost saving compared to conventional open surgery. It is advisable to perform economic evaluations in routine care, as cost-effectiveness of surgical techniques most likely will change over time.
River body extraction using convolutional neural network

Abstract Hydrologists use various machine learning approaches for segmenting water bodies for carrying out various panning activities. Conventional approaches are mainly clustering or classification based and hence often these approaches are subjective to image properties like texture, colour, pixel intensity value etc. Therefore, fails to achieve acceptable level of accuracy, automation level and ability of generalization. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models on the other hand have proven to be robust and successful in achieving state-of-the-art performance in the field of natural image processing. In this work, a Deep Learning framework known as SegNet has been used for extraction of river from digital images. Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) and the Pixel-wise Accuracy (PA) is been used for performance evaluation purpose. Experimental results show that adopted approach can overcome the problems with conventional approaches and achieve segmentation result with an acceptable level of accuracy.
Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Uptake of Skilled Childbirth Services among Women in Kaiti Division, Makueni District (Kenya)

Each year, over 500,000 women die from the complications of pregnancy and child birth, almost all of them in the developing countries. This trend can be addressed by increasing the rates of skilled care during childbirth. This study therefore sought to establish the socio-cultural factors influencing uptake of skilled childbirth care which has remained low in Kaiti Division. The researchers applied a descriptive cross-sectional study design which involved women of childbearing age (15-49 years). The study was conducted in March 2010 and had a sample size of 246 women which was randomly selected from the estimated target population of 12,077. The researchers applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The tests of significance employed included Fisher’s exact test, chi-square, test and logistic regression. The study established that the proportion of women attended to by the skilled attendant within various age cohorts was higher (58.9%) amongst the youth/adolescent (15-24 years) (P-value = 0.091> 0.05, c 2 10.915 df 6). ). Skilled attendance declined among the grand-multiparas (para4 and above) from 7.7% in Para 4-5 to 2% in Para 6+ (P-value = .000<0.05, c 2 34.888 df 3; Para 1(p =0.000, OR 28.391), Para 2-3 (p =0.000, OR 7.564), Para 4-5(p=0.030, OR 3.493) Further findings indicated that the principal decision maker (46.7%) on type of assistant in the last delivery was the woman (P-value = 0.000 <0.05, c 2 56.076 df 5). However, the husband was the leading (39.5%) decision maker in use of a skilled assistant in the last delivery (p=0.000, OR 15.667). More than two thirds (70.7%) of the respondents who performed a ceremony prayed for safe delivery in their last delivery. The study concluded that women’s parity, decision making and religion were significant in use of skilled childbirth services.
Imprecise and Informative: Lessons from Market Reactions to Imprecise Disclosure

Imprecise language in corporate disclosures can convey valuable information on ? firms'fundamentals during uncertain times. To evaluate this idea, we develop a novel measure of linguistic imprecision based on sentences marked with the \weasel tag" on Wikipedia. For a 10-week window following the 10-K disclosure, we ? nd that the use of imprecise language in 10-Ks predicts 1) positive and non-reverting abnormal returns, 2) improvements to stock liquidity, 3) greater intensities of insider and informed buying, and 4) higher news sentiment. These fi? ndings are the strongest when the fi? rm disclosures are more forward looking, and for fi? rms with greater idiosyncratic volatility. Taken together, our fi? ndings imply that the imprecise language in 10-Ks contains new information on positive but yet immature prospects of future cash flow.
Expression of IL-1β Receptor Antagonist in Patients with Severe Osteoarthritis of the Knee–The Mechanism Limiting the Inflammation in Osteoarthritis

Introduction: Expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis has been confirmed. The overall effect of this cytokine can be described as a chondrocyte-dependent cartilage destructive potential. The interleukin-1β receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) blocks the interaction between IL-1β and its receptor on the cell surface. Human chondrocytes and synoviocytes produce IL-1Ra in a response to stimulation by IL-1β and IL-6. The local production of IL-1Ra in the joint has a protective effect against the catabolic action of IL-1β. Material and Methods: Synovial fluid and blood serum were obtained from 31 patients undergoing knee replacement surgery because of osteoarthritis. For comparison, samples were obtained from another 30 patients during diagnostic or therapeutic arthroscopy performed because of knee injury. The samples were analyzed for IL-1β and IL-1Ra using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The U Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's test, as well as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used for statistical analysis. Results: Statistical analysis showed that the concentration of IL-1Ra in serum was significantly higher in the osteoarthritis group compared to the injury group (p=0.0001), and there was a positive correlation of IL-1Ra concentration in the serum and in the synovial fluid (correlation coefficient R=0.41; significance p=0.02). In the osteoarthritis group there was a very high negative correlation between the intensity of pain and the concentration of IL-1Ra in the synovial fluid (correlation coefficient R=-0.75; significance p<0.000001). Furthermore very high negative correlation was observed between the intensity of pain and level of this cytokine in serum (R=0.86; p<0.000001). For the measurements of IL-1Ra in serum the sensitivity of this test was 71.0%, specificity 70.0%, positive prediction of a result was 71.0%, negative prediction 70.0%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.792. Conclusion: Late stage osteoarthritis is characterized by a systemic inflammatory reaction with high concentration of IL-1Ra in serum, which is positively correlated with its concentration in the synovial fluid. Pain in patients with late stage osteoarthritis may be reduced due to the high concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-1Ra both in the synovial fluid and in blood serum. The measurement of IL-1Ra in serum is a reliable immunoassay test that determines the status of osteoarthritis.
Prosthetic Need between Different Age and Gender With Patient Attending College of Dentistry,Tikrit University

لفقدان الاسنان تاثير مباشر على الناحيه الجماليه للشخص ومضغ الطعام الدراسه تتركز حول تقييم حاجه المريض للتعويضات الاصطناعيه مع اخذ بنظر الاعتبار العمر والجنس والمقارنه بينهما. العينه تتكون من 244شخص(165رجل و79 امراه) يرتادون قسم التعويضات الاصطناعيه بمستشفى التعليمي بكليه طب الاسنان وتمت الدراسه عن طريق الفحص الفموي واخذ معلومات عن سبب فقدان الاسنان . وكانت النتائج ان نسبه الاعمار الصغيره من الرجال بين 20-29اكثر نسبه من النساء وسبب فقدان الاسنان هو التسوس بالدرجه الاولى وامراض الفم بالدرجه الثانيه . الوعي الصحي والخدمات الصحيه مهمه جدا للتقليل من فقدان الاسنان
Comparison of the decompressive surgery and medical therapy alone results in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to compare the morbidity and mortality properties of patients with decompressive surgery or medical treatment in malignant middle cerebral artery infarcts. Materials and Methods:28 patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarct treated with decompressive surgery or medical therapy in Pamukkale University Neurology clinic enrolled in the study. Patients treated with decompressive surgery were compared with patients treated with medical theraphy alone on functional status, prognosis and survival rates. Results:In one month follow up, 4 patient survived and 10 patients were exitus in decompressive surgery group and 7 patients survived and 7 patients were exitus in medical therapy group. 6 patients survived and 7 patients were exitus of 13 patients who were under the age of 65 and 5 patients survived and 10 patients were exitus of 15 patients who were over the age of 65. 9 of the 15 patients with more than 1 risk factor were in decompressive surgery group and 2 patients survived in one month follow up. 7 of the 13 patients with 1 or less risk factor survived and 5 of this 7 patients were in medical therapy group (p: 0,011). Conclusion:Decompressive craniectomy should be considered in patients under the age of 65 with 1 or less risk factor when surgery performed within 48 hours for less mortality. Pam Med J 2017;(2):136-142
Lipodystrophy : focus on HIV Lipodystrophy

Lipodystrophy is a rare condition which can be inherited or acquired, localised or generalised. It is characterised by abnormal adipose tissue distribution and in some cases underlying metabolic derangement, including diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, polycystic ovaries and acanthosis nigricans. Today, most cases of lipodystrophy are associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This article gives a review of the possible mechanisms associated with HIV lipodystrophy, namely HIV infection itself, genetic susceptibility to HIV lipodystrophy and effects of treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Treating HIV lipodystrophy is challenging. The various treatment options currently available for treating lipodystrophy are reviewed.
Can Dietary Fiber Intake Be Increased through Nutritional Education and through Subsidies on Selected Food Products?

Consumers in the United States fall short of meeting the recommended guideline for dietary fiber intake. Using a quarterly panel of households from Nielsen for the years 2004 through 2014, we employ a Heckman two-step approach to estimate nine panel regressions concerning per person fiber intakes derived from various food categories to uncover the importance of prices as well as socioeconomic and demographic factors. Prices play a prominent role in the per person intake of dietary fiber derived from the respective food products considered. Households below poverty thresholds had lower intakes of fiber relative to households above poverty thresholds. Ethnicity, race, age of the household head, region, and the presence of children also had significant effects on dietary fiber derived from the respective food categories. A proposed 20 percent subsidy applied to fruits and vegetables would increase per person intake of fiber by 9.4 percent. Therefore, if one were to consider meeting the dietary fiber requirement only through the provision of a subsidy, a large subsidy applied to fruits and vegetables would be required. Therefore, given the complex nature of the various factors affecting the intake of dietary fiber, the feasibility of using subsidies alone to increase the intake of dietary fiber is called into question.
Work Environment Factors as Correlate of School Management Teams’ Productivity

ABSTRACT There is a perception that SMTs are not effective in some schools in South Africa. Hence, a huge number of learners in the public schools, particularly in high schools are not getting a good pass percentage in their matric exams. To this end, the study was conducted to analyse work environment factors that affect productivity of school management teams’ in Mount Frere Education District. Sixty-four schools, which formed the sample in this study, were selected randomly from the target of 210 schools (population) in Mount Frere Education District. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to gather information. The results were analysed using descriptive statistics like frequency count, percentages, charts and tables, and inferential statistics of Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC). It was discovered that the work environmental factors as espoused by the literature, negatively affect the performance or productivity of SMTs. The findings in the data analysis prove beyond reasonable doubt that redeployment of educators negatively affects the productivity of School Management Teams in various schools.
Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Molekuler Berdasarkan Gen 16S rRNA Isolat Aktinomiset Asal Pulau Enggano dan Bali

Actinomycetes are a Gram positive bacteria who plays an important role in pharmaceutical industry because of its ability to produce an antibacterial compound. This study aims to select actynomycetes isolates that has antibacterial activity and to identify the isolates based on 16S rRNA gene squence. The actinomycetes isolates were inoculated using ISP-2 medium and cultured in SYP (starch, yeast, peptone) media for 13 days. The cultures were extracted using etyl acetate solvent and antibacterial activity was tested against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli using agar diffusion method.Positive isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. The 16S rRNA gene from positive isolates was sequenced and analyzed with computerized help and was deposited at NCBI. The antibacterial activity test revealed 5 from 22 isolates had an antebacterial activity shown by the clear zone around the whatman filter paper on both tested bacteria. The identification revealed these five isolates were identified as Streptomyces mutabilis, Streptomyces sp, and Streptomyces griseorubens. This study shows these isolates from Enggano and Bali Island are potential as antibacteri producer. Keywords : actynomycetes, antibacterial activity, 16S rRNA
History does not Repeat Itself, but it Rhymes

Research dating from the 1990s demonstrates the extent to which high crime rates are attributable to repeated victimisation of the same individuals rather than to the proportion of people, households or businesses victimised. The practical application of these findings to crime reduction has been disappointingly meagre. A major reason for this is that police data systems are offender and event focused, so that victim â€˜careersâ€™ are obscured.