Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CQI-MCS Mapping for Green LTE Downlink Transmission

Maximizing the data rate and spectral efficiency are the main targets in LTE cellular systems. However, any increase in data rate or spectral efficiency will result in an undesirable increase in energy consumption. Hence, both energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) necessitate to be optimized. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization framework is formulated to prove the tradeoff between both EE and SE in LTE downlink transmission. A new mapping algorithm between channel quality indicator (CQI) and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is proposed by using a multi-criteria decision making technique. The proposed CQI- MCS mapping algorithm will search for the most suitable MCS according to the reported CQI value by considering the tradeoff between SE and EE while keeping block error rate (BLER) below its threshold value. Simulation results have shown that the proposed mapping algorithm can provide an efficient compromise solution compared to the existing 3GPP-LTE mapping. Therefore, the proposed CQI-MCS mapping can optimize the EE and SE based on different mapping values depending on the operator preferences.
Cloning of the saliva-interacting protein gene from Streptococcus mutans

Genomic libraries from Streptococcus mutans OMZ175 were constructed in bacteriophage vectors. DNA fragments 1 to 2 kilobases in length were cloned in expression vector lambda gt11. S. mutans DNA fragments 15 to 20 kilobases in length were inserted in the BamHI site of phage EMBL3. Rabbit antiserum raised against an S. mutans saliva-interacting protein with a molecular weight of 74,000, designated 74K SR, was used to screen the lambda gt11 library. A recombinant phage carrying an S. mutans DNA sequence of 1.45 kilobases, lambda SmAD2, was detected and isolated. This fragment, named SmAD2, was used to construct the recombinant expression plasmid pSAD2-4 which encoded for the expression of a 60,000-molecular-weight protein controlled by the beta-galactosidase promoter from plasmid pUC8. The SmAD2 fragment and polyclonal anti-74K SR antibodies were used to screen the EMBL3 library. A total coincidence between the screening with antibodies and the DNA probe was observed, and two phages, lambda SmAD9 and lambda SmAD10, were isolated. They contained a common S. mutans DNA sequence of about 11.8 kilobases and coded for a protein with a molecular weight of about 195,000, which comigrated with a protein of an S. mutans cell wall extract. The expressed protein was purified, and a very strong relationship with the S. mutans 74K SR protein was found by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thus, cloning of the 74K SR gene allowed us to demonstrate that the saliva receptor appears to be a part of an S. mutans precursor molecule with a molecular mass of 195,000 daltons.
Ataxia telangiectasia: an inherited human disorder involving hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and related DNA-damaging chemicals.

This review is primarily devoted to ataxia telangiectasia - a complex multisystem disorder exhibiting many characteristics, both in vivo and in vitro, expected of an ionizing radiation analogue of XP. The recent upsurge of investigative interest in the cytotoxic, cytogenetic, and DNA repair properties of cultured AT cells after radiation treatment was prompted by the disclosure that AT patients are hypersensitive to conventional radiotherapy administered for treatment of malignancy. Our main aims in the review are fourfold: (a) to summarize the pertinent clinical and laboratory characteristics of AT, (b) to speculate on the basic DNA repair defect in AT cells, (c) to postulate on the role of faulty repair in the development of the disease, and finally (d) to identify gaps in our knowledge and recommend future directions.
Life amongst the rubbish: middening and conspicuous consumption at Durrington Walls

Recent excavations at Durrington Walls have revealed a series of archaeological remains unparalleled in southern Britain. The most artefact-rich part of the site lies just outside the eastern entrance to the henge where a series of five houses was discovered flanking the Durrington Avenue. These houses were surrounded by a large midden that comprised a massive quantity of animal bone, pottery and worked flint. The number of articulated animal bones within the midden is suggestive of large-scale and 'wasteful' feasting episodes. This article presents the preliminary analysis of the worked stone from the midden. Durrington Walls represents a site of massive consumption: consumption of labour, wood, meat, pottery and worked stone. The material from the midden will be understood in these terms, as an act of massive, final and conspicuous consumption.
Preventing and Experiencing Ischemic Heart Disease as a Woman: State of the Science: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

The Institute of Medicine has defined sex as “the classification of living things, generally as male or female according to their reproductive organs and functions assigned by the chromosomal complement. ”1 The term sex means biological differences between women and men, including chromosomes, sex organs, and hormonal contributions.2 Sex differences result from true biological differences in the structure and function of the cardiovascular systems of men and women. In contrast, gender differences ensue from a person’s self-representation, resulting in psychosocial roles and behaviors imposed by society; gender implies social roles, behaviors, and cultural norms. Gender differences play a role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and affect outcomes, but they are very different from sex differences that arise from the genetic differences between men and women. Sex differences are a result of a single chromosomal difference between men (XY) and women (XX). Gender, however, is a social construct that differentiates men from women in a society as they assume their social roles. Gender develops on the basis of cultural norms and is articulated through values, perceptions, psychosocial characteristics, and behaviors.1,3,4 Sex- and gender-specific science addresses how experiences of the same disease, for example, ischemic heart disease (IHD), are similar and different with respect to biological sex and gender. For instance, women tend to have smaller coronary arteries than men, and women have less obstructive IHD than men.5–7 However, gender differences, which are influenced by ethnicity, culture, and socioeconomic environment, are intimately involved in risk factors and risk behaviors (eg, psychosocial risk factors, physical inactivity [PI], cardiac rehabilitation participation, obesity, and tobacco use) that play a far greater role in outcomes among women with IHD than biological sex differences, given that 80% of heart disease is preventable. These differences affect the mechanism and expression of …
A Dynamic Security Model for Addressing Hacking Risk Factors

Communication technologies have a significant influence on the business industry. Exchanging information, storing and retrieving data, and cutting communication costs are prime reasons for relying heavily on these technologies. However, these technologies are significantly affected by hacking. Due to neglecting the behaviour of hackers during the initial design stage of common security solutions, including firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems, Honeypot and Honeynet, successful hacking attempts still exist. This paper aims to investigate pre-hacking steps (footprinting, scanning, and enumeration) and to highlight the risk factors that are not considered during the development of current security solutions. These risk factors are the common causes of the failures of current security solutions against many hacking attempts. Moreover, this paper proposes a dynamic security model to guide security researchers towards proposing security countermeasures that address these risk factors, which eventually lead to minimising hacking risks.
Effectiveness of weekly topotecan in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer

The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and toxicity of weekly topotecan in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Twenty patients were treated with topotecan at a dose of 4 mg/m2 weekly. Efficacy was determined according to the Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Gynecologic Cancer Inter Group criteria. Median age was 62 years (45–78). Patients had received 1–7 (median 3) prior chemotherapy lines. A total of 203 weekly treatments were administered. In 13 patients (65%) treatment delay was necessary due to bone marrow toxicity. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 11 patients (55%) and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in four patients (20%). Six patients (30%) needed a dose reduction, and 42 cycles (21%) were given with dose reduction. No neutropenia, fever, or sepsis was observed. There was one complete response and one partial response (response rate 10%). All patients with response had platin-sensitive disease (three out of eight). Six patients needed blood transfusion. None of the patients required granulocyte/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The median duration of response was 13 months. In addition, there were four patients (20%) with a stable disease lasting at least for 4 months. Based on the results of this Phase II study, the toxicity of weekly topotecan seems to be lower than with the 3-weekly topotecan. The response rate of 10% is low but was not expected to be higher as these patients were heavily pretreated.
THE HERSCHEL ORION PROTOSTAR SURVEY: SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS AND FITS USING A GRID OF PROTOSTELLAR MODELS

We present key results from the Herschel Orion Protostar Survey: spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and model fits of 330 young stellar objects, predominantly protostars, in the Orion molecular clouds. This is the largest sample of protostars studied in a single, nearby star formation complex. With near-infrared photometry from 2MASS, mid- and far-infrared data from Spitzer and Herschel, and submillimeter photometry from APEX, our SEDs cover 1.2–870 μm and sample the peak of the protostellar envelope emission at ∼100 μm. Using mid-IR spectral indices and bolometric temperatures, we classify our sample into 92 Class 0 protostars, 125 Class I protostars, 102 flat-spectrum sources, and 11 Class II pre-main-sequence stars. We implement a simple protostellar model (including a disk in an infalling envelope with outflow cavities) to generate a grid of 30,400 model SEDs and use it to determine the best-fit model parameters for each protostar. We argue that far-IR data are essential for accurate constraints on protostellar envelope properties. We find that most protostars, and in particular the flat-spectrum sources, are well fit. The median envelope density and median inclination angle decrease from Class 0 to Class I to flat-spectrum protostars, despite the broad range in best-fit parameters in each of the three categories. We also discuss degeneracies in our model parameters. Our results confirm that the different protostellar classes generally correspond to an evolutionary sequence with a decreasing envelope infall rate, but the inclination angle also plays a role in the appearance, and thus interpretation, of the SEDs.
GLTSCR2 promotes the nucleoplasmic translocation and subsequent degradation of nucleolar ARF

The alternative reading frame protein (p14ARF/ARF) is a key determinant of cell fate, acting as a potent tumor suppressor through a p53/MDM2-dependent pathway or promoting apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. The ARF protein is mainly expressed in the nucleolus and sequestered by nucleophosmin (NPM), whereas ARF-binding proteins, including p53 and MDM2, predominantly reside in the nucleoplasm. This raises the question of how nucleolar ARF binds nucleoplasmic signaling proteins to suppress tumor growth or inhibit cell cycle progression. GLTSCR2 (also known as PICT-1) is a nucleolar protein involved in both tumor suppression and oncogenesis in concert with p53, NPM, and/or MYC. Here, we show that GLTSCR2 increases nucleoplasmic ARF translocation and its degradation. Specifically, GLTSCR2 bound to ARF, and GLTSCR2-ARF complexes were released to the nucleoplasm, where GLTSCR2 increased the binding affinity of ARF for ULF/TRIP12 (a nucleoplasmic E3-ubiquitin ligase of ARF) and enhanced ARF degradation through the polyubiquitination pathway. Our results demonstrate that nucleolar/nucleoplasmic GLTSCR2 is a strong candidate for promoting the subcellular localization and protein stability of ARF.
Nerve ultrasound in polyneuropathies

Ultrasound can be used to visualize pathology in the peripheral nerves of patients with polyneuropathy. Nerve enlargement is the most frequent pathology, but other abnormalities, including abnormal nerve echogenicity and vascularity, are also encountered. This monograph presents an overview of the role of nerve ultrasound in the evaluation and management of both inherited and acquired polyneuropathies. A description of the sonographic techniques and common abnormalities is provided, followed by a presentation of typical findings in different neuropathies. Scoring systems for characterizing the presence and pattern of nerve abnormalities as they relate to different polyneuropathies are presented. Muscle Nerve 57: 716–728, 2018
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy of pertuzumab in breast cancer therapy

Introduction: Pertuzumab is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the dimerization domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), inhibiting the heterodimerization of HER2 with other HER receptors. It has shown synergy with trastuzumab in preclinical studies, and has led to a significant prolongation of progression-free and overall survival compared with placebo when added to trastuzumab and docetaxel for the first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (BC). Areas covered: The HER family of receptors and their pathways, pertuzumab pharmacodynamics and preclinical activity, results from the main clinical trials, new drug combinations being developed, and predictors of response are discussed. Expert opinion: Pertuzumab represents an important anti-HER2 agent that differs from, but is synergistic with, trastuzumab. It is already a standard of care in the first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic BC, and studies are ongoing to define its role in the adjuvant setting. It is now imperative to identify which tumors need dual HER2 targeting and to study the activity of pertuzumab in combination with other HER-targeted agents, including anti-HER1, -HER3 or -HER4, which could also prove useful in HER2-normal cancers. Potential competitors are anti-HER3 antibodies and bi- or tri-specific antibodies. Development in combination with phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors or with anti PD-L1 is warranted.
Social dilemma in the external immune system of the red flour beetle? It is a matter of time

Sociobiology has revolutionized our understanding of interactions between organisms. Interactions may present a social dilemma where the interests of individual actors do not align with those of the group as a whole. Viewed through a sociobiological lens, nearly all interactions can be described in terms of their costs and benefits and a number of them then resemble a social dilemma. Numerous experimental systems, from bacteria to mammals, have been proposed as models for studying such dilemmas. Here we make use of the external immune system of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, to investigate how the experimental duration can affect whether the external secretion comprises a social dilemma or not. Some beetles (secretors) produce a costly quinone-rich external secretion that inhibits microbial growth in the surrounding environment, providing the secretors with direct personal benefits. However, since the antimicrobial secretion acts in the environment of the beetle it is potentially also advantageous to other beetles (non-secretors), who avoid the cost of producing the secretion. We test experimentally if the secretion qualifies as a public good. We find that in the short term, costly quinone secretion can be interpreted as a public good presenting a social dilemma where the presence of secretors increases the fitness of the group. In the long run, the benefit to the group of having more secretors vanishes and actually becomes detrimental to the group. Therefore, in such semi-natural environmental conditions, it turns out that qualifying a trait as social can be a matter of timing.
Early and late responses of TOL promoters to pathway inducers: identification of postexponential promoters in Pseudomonas putida with lacZ-tet bicistronic reporters

Transcriptional lacZ fusions to the Pu and Pm promoters of the TOL (toluene degradation) plasmid inserted in monocopy in the chromosome of Pseudomonas putida showed a very different responsiveness to their respective aromatic effectors regarding growth phase. While a substantial XylS-dependent activation of Pm-lacZ was detected nearly instantly after m-toluate addition, XylR- and xylene-mediated induction of the sigma 54 promoter Pu became significant only after cells slowed down exponential growth and entered stationary phase. When Pu and Pm were fused to lacZ-tet reporters (i.e., promoterless lacZ genes coupled to a tet gene which confers resistance to tetracycline when cotranscribed with the leading gene) instead of lacZ alone, the resulting colonies displayed a distinct phenotype consisting of hyperfluorescence on agar plates after being sprayed with 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactoside, simultaneously with being either sensitive (Pu) or resistant (Pm) to tetracycline. To examine whether the same phenotype could be scored in strains carrying transcriptional fusions of the lacZ-tet cassettes to other genes or promoters whose expression is silenced during growth and activated in stationary phase, we constructed mini-Tn5 lacZ-tet transposons for random genetic probing of promoters preferentially active at advanced stages of growth. Chromosomal insertions of this mobile element were selected by means of the constitutive resistance to kanamycin which is also specified by the transposon. A number of kanamycin-resistant colonies which are hyperfluorescent with 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactosidase but sensitive to tetracycline and which reached full induction only at postexponential growth stages were obtained.
Constituency and Semantic Interpretation

The main point of this paper is to present an argument against phrase structure analysis as providing an efficient basis for an automated system that has language understanding as its primary goal. There are ususally several constraints on constituency analysis of the X-bar variety, the fundamental rule of which is X" -> SpecX" X"'^ Comp”. Four such rule systems and their constraints are presented, and it is shown that only if one or more semantic constraints are taken into account can the number of potential tree structures be kept at a manageable level and result in 'correct' constituency analyses. But this appeal to semantics, it is argued, is ill advised as a means towards understanding, for it is only meant to secure a uniform description o f sentences. A more viable appeal would be one according to which structural meaning is exploited for the purposes of constructing and revising models of situations described by sentences.
A Novel Chemical Solution to Demineralize Valvular and Coronary Calcification: Insights from Yogurt and Honey

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the demineralizing efficacy of combined L(+) Lactic Acid And D-Gluconic Acid (LAGA) solution and combined yogurt and honey on human specimens of calcific valves and coronaries retrieved from patients who underwent aortic valve replacement, mitral valve replacement and heart transplantation. Background: Cardiovascular calcification is a major health problem in the aging population and hence, the need for therapeutic strategies to attenuate the disease process. Methods: Serial sections of 4 Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) calcific aortic valves, 4 calcific mitral valves and 12 coronary arteries were treated with LAGA solution. Von Kossa silver staining was used for histological semiquantitative evaluation of extent of calcification. A direct treatment of the tissue specimens with combined yogurt and honey was also performed. Results: A complete dissolution of the calcification was noted in all the aortic, mitral and coronary specimens after treatment with LAGA solution (P<0.0001). A direct treatment of the aortic, mitral, and coronary specimens with combined yogurt and honey for 24 hours showed mild reduction in the degree of calcification by at least one grade that was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions: LAGA solution is efficacious in demineralizing calcific aortic and mitral valves and calcific coronary arteries. Combined yogurt and honey result in mild reduction in calcification. Our study may pave the way for epidemiological studies and potential therapeutic strategies to treat patients with vascular calcification.
Multidrug‐resistant Geotrichum capitatum from a haematology ward

Vincenzo Savini, Chiara Catavitello, Andrea Balbinot, Gioviana Masciarelli, Daniela Astolfi, Arianna Pompilio, Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Claudio D Amario and Domenico D Antonio Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Microbiology and Virology, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara (Pe), Italy, Clinical Microbiology, Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), Gabriele d Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gabriele d Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy and Clinical Pathology, San Liberatore Hospital, Atri (Te), Italy
MicroRNA expression during osteogenic differentiation of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow

MicroRNAs comprise a group of non‐coding small RNAs (17–25 nt) involved in post‐transcriptional regulation that have been identified in various plants and animals. Studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are associated with stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation and play a key role in controlling stem cell activities. However, the identification of specific miRNAs and their regulatory roles in the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have so far been poorly defined. We isolated and cultured human MSCs and osteo‐differentiated MSCs from four individual donors. miRNA expression in MSCs and osteo‐differentiated MSCs was investigated using miRNA microarrays. miRNAs that were commonly expressed in all three MSC preparations and miRNAs that were differentially expressed between MSCs and osteo‐differentiated MSCs were identified. Four underexpressed (hsa‐miR‐31, hsa‐miR‐106a, hsa‐miR‐148a, and hsa‐miR‐424) and three novel overexpressed miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐30c, hsa‐miR‐15b, and hsa‐miR‐130b) in osteo‐differentiated MSCs were selected and their expression were verified in samples from the fourth individual donors. The putative targets of the miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatic analysis. The four miRNAs that were underexpressed in osteo‐differentiated MSCs were predicted to target RUNX2, CBFB, and BMPs, which are involved in bone formation; while putative targets for miRNAs overexpressed in osteo‐differentiated MSCs were MSC maker(e.g., CD44, ITGB1, and FLT1), stemness‐maintaining factor(e.g., FGF2 and CXCL12), and genes related to cell differentiation(e.g., BMPER, CAMTA1, and GDF6). Finally, hsa‐miR‐31 was selected for target verification and function analysis. The results of this study provide an experimental basis for further research on miRNA functions during osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1844–1856, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.