Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Side branch complication after a single-stent crossover technique: prediction with frequency domain optical coherence tomography

ObjectivesTo identify preprocedural predictors of side branch (SB) complications after coronary bifurcation stent implantation using frequency domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). BackgroundCoronary bifurcation lesions are common but difficult to treat. Longitudinal reconstruction images of FD-OCT have high image quality and less motion artifacts. MethodsAmong 49 patients (age: 69.9 years) who underwent elective coronary stenting, 52 bifurcation lesions without baseline SB stenosis were studied. SB complication was defined as angiographic worsening of SB stenosis (>75%). On the basis of preprocedural FD-OCT imaging, plaque distribution, SB angle, carina tip angle (CT angle), and length between proximal branching point to carina tip (BP-CT length) were evaluated. ResultsSB complication was observed in 22 lesions. The eccentric plaque distribution oriented toward the opposite side of SB at the CT was significantly more frequent in lesions with SB complication compared with those without (77.3 vs. 16.7%, P<0.01). CT angle and BP-CT length were significantly smaller in lesions with SB complication compared with those without [29.5° (interquartile range (IQR) 22.3–44.3°) vs. 65.0° (IQR 42.5–90.0°)], P<0.001; 1.20 mm (IQR 0.70–1.73 mm) vs. 2.25 mm (IQR 1.78–3.20 mm), P<0.001, respectively]. The receiver-operating characteristic curve indicated a CT angle less than 50° (area under the curve=0.81, sensitivity 86%, specificity 70%) and BP-CT length less than 1.70 mm (area under the curve=0.84, sensitivity 77%, specificity 77%) as the best cutoff values for predicting the SB complication after main vessel stent implantation. ConclusionThis FD-OCT study showed that narrower CT angle and shorter BP-CT length were the independent predictors for SB complications after bifurcation stenting.
Zur Syntax von Plauderchats

Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit zwei eng miteinander verbundenen Fragen: Wie konnen die syntaktischen Strukturen in Chat-Texten beschrieben werden? Welche syntaktischen Eigenschaften haben deutsche Chat-Texte? Chats (und hier insbesondere sogenannte ‚Plauderchats‘) weichen in vielerlei Hinsicht von einer schriftlichen ‚Standardsprache‘ ab. Uns interessiert in diesem Beitrag vor allem die Syntax von Auserungen aus Plauderchats. In Abschnitt 1 werden wir zunachst kurz auf einige Grundannahmen von syntaktischen Beschreibungen eingehen und erlautern, warum diese fur die Analyse von Chatdaten nicht immer geeignet sind. Dann, in Abschnitt 2, werden wir die Chatdaten aus dem NoSta-D-Korpus und ihre Vorverarbeitung vorstellen, bevor wir in Abschnitt 3 auf einige syntaktische Eigenschaften der Daten genauer eingehen. Empirikom
Assessing Daily Problems with Diabetes: A Subject-Oriented Approach to Compliance

The reliability, construct validity, and discriminant validity of a new self-report questionnaire, the Questionnaire on Stress in Diabetic Patients, were assessed in a sample of 617 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The 90-item inventory is designed to assess psychosocial stress associated with problems in daily living with diabetes. One of the intended uses is to identify psychosocial factors hampering patient compliance with the necessary treatment regimen. Values of Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.63 to 0.88. The results provide initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the instrument.
The Effect of Cement Augmentation and Extension of Posterior Instrumentation on Stabilization and Adjacent Level Effects in the Elderly Spine

Study Design. An in vitro cadaveric study comparing different implant fixation techniques using a repeated measures design. Objective. To compare the effects of cement augmentation of pedicle screws and extension of posterior fixation on (i) 3-dimensional stabilization, and (ii) adjacent level effects in the aging spine. Summary of Background Data. Device loosening and adjacent level effects are concerns in implant fixation in the elderly spine. Extension of posterior fixation and cement augmentation of pedicle screws have not been previously compared with respect to stabilization and adjacent level effects. Methods. Twelve T9 to L3 cadaveric specimens were tested in flexion-extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR) with applied pure moments of ±5 Nm. A T11 corpectomy was reconstructed with a vertebral body replacement device and T10 to T12 posterior instrumentation. Further stabilization was provided by posterior rod extension to L1 (flexible or rigid rods) and/or cement augmentation of T12 and L1 screws. The effects of cement augmentation and posterior rod extension on intersegmental motion were compared using the hybrid flexibility-stiffness protocol. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and SNK post hoc tests (99% significance level) were used. Results. Range of motion at the corpectomy T10 to T12 levels significantly decreased after cement augmentation (AR 43%, LB 71%, FE 68%), and posterior rod extension (rigid rods: AR 26%, LB 64%, FE 57%) (flexible rods: AR 16%, LB 53%, FE 39%). Posterior rod extension significantly reduced range of motion at the rod extension level. Motion at the distal noninstrumented L1 to L2 level was increased significantly by posterior rod extension and cement augmentation. There were however, smaller magnitudes of increase in motion across L1 to L2 level with flexible rod and cement augmentation (AR 12%, LB 45%, FE 31%). Conclusion. Cement augmentation of pedicle screws resulted in the most stable vertebral reconstruction, whereas flexible rod extension minimized changes in range of motion at both adjacent rod extension and distal noninstrumented levels.
Isolation and characterization of a human T cell leukemia virus type II from a hemophilia‐A patient with pancytopenia.

Human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type I has been isolated from the cultured T cells of several patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and has been etiologically linked to ATL. However, HTLV‐type II has been isolated only once, from the T cells of a patient with a T cell variant of hairy‐cell leukemia. We report here the isolation of HTLV‐II‐related virus from the cultured T cells of a hemophilia‐A patient with pancytopenia. The T cell line (CM) grows in the absence of T cell growth factor. Cord blood T cells were rapidly transformed when co‐cultivated with irradiated CM cells. Heterologous competition radioimmunoassays using purified HTLV‐I p24 showed the expression of HTLV‐IIMO‐related protein in these cells. Electron microscopy of the CM cells showed the presence of intracellular and extracellular type C viral particles. Comparison of the proviral genome in the CM cell line and the prototype HTLV‐IIMO‐containing cell line (MO) by molecular hybridization with probes specific for HTLV‐IIMO indicated that restriction cleavage sites were identical. The fresh peripheral blood leukocytes of the patient contained two complete copies of the proviral genome, despite the lack of HTLV‐II p24 expression. The virus from the cell line CM is designated as HTLV‐IICM to distinguish it from the original HTLV‐IIMO isolate.
SAĞLIK HİZMET ETKİNLİĞİ AÇISINDAN KAMU HASTANE BİRLİKLERİ PERFORMANS ANALİZİ

Bu calisma, Turkiye’de saglik hizmeti sunumunda yeni rol alan Kamu Hastane Birlikleri’nin (KHB) faaliyet temelli etkinliklerinin olcumu, gerekli iyilestirmelerin tespiti ve oneriler getirilmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Calismada etkinlik olcum yontemi olarak Veri Zarflama Analizi kullanilmistir. Veri seti KHB’lerin 2013 verilerini icermektedir. 9 degisken kullanilarak 88 KHB’nin etkinlik olcumu yapilmistir. Olcege gore sabit getiri varsayimi altinda 30 KHB, degisken getiri varsayimi altinda 40 KHB ve olcek etkinligi bakimindan 46 KHB etkin cikmistir.
Purification and Properties of an Extracellular Protease Produced by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana

Beauveria bassiana GK2016 grown in a medium with gelatin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source produced an extracellular protease. The protease production was highest when the fungus was grown on a semiliquid medium and was purified about 18-fold, with a recovery of 21%. The protease molecular weight was estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be about 35,000. It had an optimum activity at pH 8.5 and 37°C and was rapidly inactivated at 50°C. Its enzymatic activity was that of an endopeptidase which hydrolyzed elastin, casein, and gelatin but was much less active on bovine serum albumin and collagen. No trypsinlike activity was detected on N-α-benzoyl-dl-arginine-p-nitroanilide. It was, however, inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, indicating that a serine residue is present in the active site. The protease was unaffected by metal-chelating agents, sulfhydryl reagents, trypsin inhibitor, and chymotrypsin inhibitor.
Review of Numerical Simulation of Microwave Heating Process

Since the great experiments were carried out by Dr. Percy Spencer in 1946, microwave heating has been used widely in food industry, medicine, chemical engineering and so on [1][2][3][4][5], for processing many materials ranging from foodstuffs [1][6][7][8] to tobaccos [9][10][11], from wood [12][13][14] to ceramics [15][16][17][18], and from biological objects [19][20] to chemical reactions [21][22][23]. Typical applications include heating and thawing of foods, drying of wood and tobaccos, sintering of ceramics, killing of cancer cells and accelerating of chemical reactions. Microwaves are electromagnetic (EM) waves with frequencies between 300MHz and 300GHz. Under microwave radiation, dipole rotation occurs in dielectric materials containing polar molecules having an electrical dipole moment. Interactions between the dipole and the EM field result in energy in the form of EM radiation being converted to heat energy in the materials. This is the principle of microwave heating. For each material, permittivity, or dielectric constant, e is the most essential property relative to the absorption of microwave energy. Permittivity is often treated as a complex number. The real part is a measure of the stored microwave energy within the material, and the imaginary part is a measure of the dissipation (or loss) of microwave energy within the material. The complex permittivity is usually a complicated function of microwave frequency and temperature. Compared with conventional heating, microwave heating has many advantages such as simultaneous heating of a material in its whole volume, higher temperature homogeneity, and shorter processing time. However, the nonlinear process of interaction between microwave and the heated materials has not been sufficiently and deeply understood. Some phenomena arising from this process, such as hotspots and thermal runaway, decreases the security and efficiency of microwave energy application and prevents its further development. Hotspot means that where temperature non-uniformity in heated material of local small areas having high temperature increase occurs. For example, some zones in material are overheated, and even burned, while some others have not reached the required minimum temperature. This phenomenon has become one of the major drawbacks for domestic or industrial applications. “Thermal runaway” refers to temperature varies dramatically with small changes of geometrical sizes of the heated material or microwave power. It may lead to a positive
Lipopolysaccharide Induces Scavenger Receptor A Expression in Mouse Macrophages: A Divergent Response Relative to Human THP-1 Monocyte/Macrophages1

Gene deletion studies indicate that the macrophage scavenger receptor A (SR-A) protects mice from LPS-induced endotoxemia. Paradoxically, cultured human monocyte-derived macrophages down-regulate SR-A expression when exposed to LPS. We found that human THP-1 monocyte/macrophages decrease SR-A expression in response to LPS independent of their differentiation status. In contrast, primary and elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages as well as the J774A.1 and RAW264.7 mouse macrophage lines increase SR-A expression in response to LPS. Exposure to LPS caused J774A.1 and RAW264.7 cells to increase SR-A transcripts by 3- and 5-fold, respectively. LPS caused a concomitant 3-fold increase in SR-A protein levels and increased cell membrane expression of the receptor. RAW264.7 cells increased SR-A transcript levels in response to LPS at concentrations as low as 1 ng/ml, and the response was saturated at 10 ng/ml. The LPS induction of SR-A transcripts required continual protein synthesis and began at 8 h, peaked by 16 h, and persisted for at least 48 h. LPS induction did not increase SR-A gene transcription or affect alternative transcript splicing, but mildly increased mature transcript stability and proceeded in the presence of actinomycin D. Finally, treatment of RAW264.7 cells with TNF-α did not induce SR-A transcript levels, indicating that a TNF-α autocrine/paracrine signaling mechanism alone is not sufficient to recapitulate the LPS induction of SR-A transcripts. The induction of SR-A expression by LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages is the opposite of the down-regulation of SR-A reported in human monocyte-derived macrophages and may have implications for the observed resistance mice show toward endotoxemia.
Comparison of clinical characteristics between benign borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast.

BACKGROUND Phyllodes tumors of the breast are rare fibroepithelial lesions, so relatively little is known about this disease entity. The present study was designed to identify differences in clinical features between benign borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 246 women with phyllodes tumors of the breast treated in Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2002 and 2012 were collected and analyzed, including age at presentation, age at treatment, course, size of primary tumor, location, histological type, type of surgery and treatment, local recurrence, distant metastasis, fibroadenoma history, disease-free survival and number of mitosis per 10hpf. There are 125 (55%) benign, 55 (24%) borderline and 47 (21%) malignant tumors. RESULTS In univariate analysis, average age at presentation, average age at treatment, size of primary tumor, ulceration or not, type of primary surgery, distant metastasis and number of mitosis per 10 hpf turned out to be statistically different among the three PT types (p=0.014, 0.018, <0.000, 0.003, <0.000, 0.001 and <0.000, respectively), while recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS) demonstrated trends for statistical significance (P =0.055 and 0.060, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed distant metastasis and excision were significantly different in benign, borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast (p=0.041 and 0.018, OR=0.061 and 0.051). At the same time, size of primary tumor with p=0.052 tended to be different between groups (OR=1.127). However, age at treatment, ulceration and DFS showed no statistically significant variation (p=0.400, 0.286 and 0.413, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Benign borderline and malignant phyllode tumors have different distant metastasis risk, different primary tumor size and different surgical procedures, and malignant PTs are more likely to be bigger and to metastasize.
Reliability of biomechanical variables of sprint running.

PURPOSE The purpose of this paper was to report the reliability of variables used in the biomechanical assessment of sprint running and to document how these reliability measures are likely to improve when using the average score of multiple trials. METHODS Twenty-eight male athletes performed maximal-effort sprints. Video and ground reaction force data were collected at the 16-m mark. The reliability (systematic bias, random error, and retest correlation) for a single score was calculated for 26 kinematic and 7 kinetic variables. In addition, the reliability (random error and retest correlation) for the average score of 2, 3, 4, and 5 trials was predicted from the reliability of a single score. RESULTS For all variables, there was no evidence of systematic bias. The measures of random error and retest correlation differed widely among the variables. Variables describing horizontal velocity of the body's center of mass were the most reliable, whereas variables based on vertical displacement of the body's center of mass or braking ground reaction force were the least reliable. For all variables, reliability improved notably when the average score of multiple trials was the measurement of interest. CONCLUSION Although it is up to the researcher to judge whether a measurement is reliable enough for its intended use, some of the lower-reliability variables were possibly too unreliable to monitor small changes in an athlete's performance. Nonetheless, there was a consistent trend for reliability to improve notably when the average score of multiple trials was the measurement of interest. Subsequently, if resources permit, researchers and applied sports-scientists may like to consider using the average score of multiple trials to gain the advantages that improved reliability offers.
Diagnosis and overdiagnosis of prostate cancer: a personal view.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer has been changed by the introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)–guided springdriven biopsies. Most prostate cancers develop in the peripheral zone of the prostate, and may then be palpated before becoming symptomatic and early enough to be curable. However, digital rectal examination (DRE) is notoriously inaccurate and its relevance in the PSA era may be decreasing. Whereas DRE has a roughly 30% positive predictable value for prostate cancer, case control studies have found that up to 25% of cancer may be found only by such examinations and result in a 20% to 30% reduction in corresponding cancer mortality.1 Therefore, despite its low positive predictive value, DRE is still recommended as part of the routine screening regimen.
Differential Response of Hamster Cheek Pouch Microvessels to Vasoactive Stimuli during the Early Development of Hypertension

cardiogenic shock. Circulation 45: 1097-1110, 1972 Weber KT, Janicki JS, Russell RO, Rackley CE: Identification of high risk subsets of acute myocardial infarction. Am J CardioMl: 197-203, 1978 Weisse AB, Saffa RS, Levinson GE, Jacobson WW Jr, Regan TJ: Left ventricular function during the early and late stages of scar formation following experimental myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 79: 370-383, 1970
Mechanical heterogeneity of dentin at different length scales as determined by AFM phase contrast.

This study tests the hypothesis that silicon and calcium ions combinatorially target gene expression during osteoblast differentiation. MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 osteoblast progenitors (transformed mouse calvarial osteoblasts) were exposed to Si 4 þ (from Na 2 SiO 3 ) and Ca 2 þ (from CaCl 2 :H 2 O) ion treatments both individually (0.4 mM each þ control treatment) and combinatorially (0.4 mM Si 4 þ þ 0.4 mM Ca 2 þ þ control treatment) and compared to control treated ( a -minimum essential medium, 10% fetal bovine serum, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin) cells. Cell proliferation studies showed no significant increase in cell density between treatments over 5 days of culture. Cellular differentiation studies involved addition of ascorbic acid (50 mg/L) for all treatments. Relative gene expression was determined for collagen type 1 (Col(I) a 1/Col(I) a 2), core-binding factor a (cbfa1/Runx2), and osteocalcin (OCN), which indicated osteoblast progenitor differentiation into a mineralizing phenotype. Increased Si 4 þ or Ca 2 þ ion treatments enhanced Col(I) a 1, Col(I) a 2, Runx2, and OCN expression, while increased Si 4 þ þ Ca 2 þ ion treatments enhanced OCN expression. Moreover, it was found that a Si 4 þ /Ca 2 þ ratio of unity was optimal for maximal expression of OCN. Collagen fiber bundles were dense, elongated, and thick within extracellular matrices (ECM) exposed to Si 4 þ and Si 4 þ þ Ca 2 þ treatments, while collagen fiber bundles were sparse, short, and thin within Ca 2 þ and control treated ECM. These results indicated that individual ions enhance multiple osteogenic gene expression, while combined ion treatments enhance individual gene expression. In addition, these results indicated that Si 4 þ enhanced osteoblast gene expression and ECM formation at higher levels than Ca 2 þ . These results support the larger concept that ions (possibly released from bioactive glasses) could control bone formation by targeting osteoblast marker expression.
Relative Cost-to-Performance Analysis of Virtual Machine Types in Public Cloud Systems

Recently, as the role of users has expanded from service consumers to information providers, a need for a system that processes a lot of information has arisen. Small and mediumsized service providers have a difficulty building systems by purchasing equipment due to initial installation costs and maintenance costs of the system. Therefore, small and medium sized service providers build systems using public cloud systems. In this paper, we conducted experiments on the CPU and disk aspects to evaluate the performance of the public cloud system. The CPU is the most influential factor in system performance, and the processing speed of the data depends on the performance of the CPU. In addition, the public cloud system is used not only for constructing the system that processes operations but also for storing a lot of data, so performance evaluation of the disk is also necessary. In this paper, we have created virtual machines by defining performance evaluation modeling to measure the performance of the public cloud system. Performance of CPU and disk was measured using benchmark. Using the CPU performance measurement results, we compared the price and performance gains of the public cloud system provider. Mostly, service providers showed the highest performance gains in mid-sized system. In the environment of CPU operation and application execution, low and mid of GCP are more advantageous than AWS, but AWS is more advantageous at high. Although AWS performed well when using virtual machine for data storage, it should be considered that the price of AWS is 152% higher than GCP on average.
Vers une théorie phonotactique générative

Malgre la refutation decisive par Shibatani (1972 et 1973) et Sommerstein (1974 et 1977) des arguments de Postal (1969) contre la possibilite et la necessite de formuler des contraintes phonotactiques, l’argument portant sur la redondance semble toujours valable, meme si on elimine les contraintes de structure morphematique (CSM) (Kiparsky 1982). L’objectif de cet article est de demontrer que la reponse appropriee a l’argument de la redondance de Postal est d’eliminer les regles phonologiques. Je maintiendrai que toutes les alternances vraiment phonologiques sont gouvernees par des conditions de bonne formation (CBF) formulees, disons, a la facon de Selkirk (1982), et que ces CBF declenchent une strategie parmi un ensemble universel de strategies de reparation afin de corriger les violations au moment et a l’endroit ou elles se produisent