Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
R A ] 2 0 O ct 2 01 7 Tensor decompositions and tensor equations over quaternion algebra 1

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate and discuss in detail the structures of quaternion tensor SVD, quaternion tensor rank decomposition, and η-Hermitian quaternion tensor decomposition with the isomorphic group structures and Einstein product. Then we give the expression of the Moore-Penrose inverse of a quaternion tensor by using the quaternion tensor SVD. Moreover, we consider a generalized Sylvester quaternion tensor equation. We give some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution to the generalized Sylvester quaternion tensor equation in terms of the Moore-Penrose inverses of the quaternion tensors. We also present the expression of the general solution to this tensor equation when it is solvable. As applications of this generalized Sylvester quaternion tensor equation, we derive some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existences of η-Hermitian solutions to some quaternion tensor equations. We also provide some numerical examples to illustrate our results.
Motivators to visit the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa

Visitors have various motives for visiting a zoo. Information on these motives can be applied by zoo management to make informed decisions when developing a marketing strategy to ensure the success and future relevance of the zoo. This study has aimed to determine whether visitors are motivated to visit the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa for recreational or educational purposes, and whether their motives are geared towards their own benefit (intrinsic motives) or to the benefit of others (altruistic motives). The research was conducted by means of a quantitative survey. The results indicate that the respondents view recreational motives as more important than educational motives. In addition, more people visit the zoo to promote the welfare of others (altruistic orientation) than to have a self-directed zoo experience (intrinsic orientation). The findings suggest that the management of the zoological parks should ensure that the parks offer activities and experiences of recreational value for visitors. These activities should be communicated to the relevant target markets, in order to attract them to the zoo, which could contribute to the long-term survival and success of the zoo.
The Research on Volleyball Trajectory Simulation Based on Cost-Sensitive Support Vector Machine

Aim of study of the study is to effectively solve the imbalanced data sets classification problem, the field of machine learning proposed many effective algorithms. On Seabrook’s view, now the classification methods for class imbalance problem can be broadly divided into two categories, one class is to create new methods or improve the existing methods based on the characteristics of class imbalance. Another is to reduce class imbalance effect reuse of existing methods by resembling technique. But there are also some drawbacks in resembling method. Sample set sampling may lead to excessive learning; the next sample may result in the training set. Therefore, by dividing the training set, it does not increase the number of training samples; also it is without loss of useful information in the sample to obtain a certain degree of balance in a subset of the problem.
Price Levels Across Russian Regions

Based on price levels (cost-of-living indices) across Russian cities that are published by the Russian Statistical Agency, regional price levels relative to the national average are computed over 2009–2015. Results obtained are compared with approximate estimates of regional price levels that are based on the cost of the fixed basket of goods and services for cross-region comparison of population’s purchasing capacity (many publications use such estimates). This comparison makes it possible to conclude that the crude method provides an acceptable accuracy. Regional price levels obtained are applied to estimating real (i.e. comparable between regions) incomes per capita relative to the national average.
Negotiating Children's Social Contexts in Jamaica: Ethics, Practicalities and Research Methodologies

Conducting research in contexts of violence requires sensitivity and prudence, particularly when the study involves children. This article outlines some of the ethical and practical issues that influenced 'how' researchers worked with children in selected inner-city Jamaican communities. It demonstrates the importance of self-reflection, recognising that researcher's social backgrounds may have much more weight than they acknowledge on the research process and product.
Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections.

BACKGROUND Although many catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSIs) are preventable, measures to reduce these infections are not uniformly implemented. OBJECTIVE To update an existing evidenced-based guideline that promotes strategies to prevent CR-BSIs. DATA SOURCES The MEDLINE database, conference proceedings, and bibliographies of review articles and book chapters were searched for relevant articles.Studies Included: Laboratory-based studies, controlled clinical trials, prospective interventional trials, and epidemiological investigations. OUTCOME MEASURES Reduction in CR-BSI, catheter colonization, or catheter-related infection. SYNTHESIS The recommended preventive strategies with the strongest supportive evidence are education and training of healthcare providers who insert and maintain catheters; maximal sterile barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion; use of a 2% chlorhexidine preparation for skin antisepsis; no routine replacement of central venous catheters for prevention of infection; and use of antiseptic/antibiotic impregnated short-term central venous catheters if the rate of infection is high despite adherence to other strategies (i.e. education and training, maximal sterile barrier precautions and 2% chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis). CONCLUSION Successful implementation of these evidence-based interventions can reduce the risk for serious catheter-related infection.
The puzzle of the CNO isotope ratios in asymptotic giant branch carbon stars

Context. The abundance ratios of the main isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are modified by the CNO-cycle in the stellar interiors. When the different dredge-up events mix the burning material with the envelope, valuable information on the nucleosynthesis and mixing processes can be extracted by measuring these isotope ratios. Aims. Previous determinations of the oxygen isotopic ratios in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) carbon stars were at odds with the existing theoretical predictions. We aim to redetermine the oxygen ratios in these stars using new spectral analysis tools and further develop discussions on the carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios in order to elucidate this problem. Methods. Oxygen isotopic ratios were derived from spectra in the K -band in a sample of galactic AGB carbon stars of different spectral types and near solar metallicity. Synthetic spectra calculated in local thermodynamic equillibrium (LTE) with spherical carbon-rich atmosphere models and updated molecular line lists were used. The CNO isotope ratios derived in a homogeneous way, were compared with theoretical predictions for low-mass (1.5–3 M ⊙ ) AGB stars computed with the FUNS code assuming extra mixing both during the RGB and AGB phases. Results. For most of the stars the 16 O/ 17 O/ 18 O ratios derived are in good agreement with theoretical predictions confirming that, for AGB stars, are established using the values reached after the first dredge-up (FDU) according to the initial stellar mass. This fact, as far as the oxygen isotopic ratios are concerned, leaves little space for the operation of any extra mixing mechanism during the AGB phase. Nevertheless, for a few stars with large 16 O/ 17 O/ 18 O, the operation of such a mechanism might be required, although their observed 12 C/ 13 C and 14 N/ 15 N ratios would be difficult to reconcile within this scenario. Furthermore, J-type stars tend to have lower 16 O/ 17 O ratios than the normal carbon stars, as already indicated in previous studies. Excluding these peculiar stars, AGB carbon stars occupy the same region as pre-solar type I oxide grains in a 17 O/ 16 O vs. 18 O/ 16 O diagram, showing little spread. This reinforces the idea that these grains were probably formed in low-mass stars during the previous O-rich phases.
Commande et construction d’observateurs pour des systèmes non linéaires incertains à données échantillonnées et en réseau

L’essor des technologies numeriques a permis le developpement de nouvelles methodes d’implementation de lois de commande qui presentent de nombreux avantages par rapport aux structures dites traditionnelles. En effet, les controleurs numeriques ont remplace dans de nombreux cas les analogiques, de par leur cout generalement moins eleve et leur plus grande flexibilite. La mise en place de structures de commande en reseau offre egalement un regard nouveau. Plus ergonomiques et plus simples a entretenir que les implementations par câblage point-a-point, elles permettent de reduire considerablement les transferts de donnees et donc les depenses energetiques dediees aux communications. Les limitations de communications induites peuvent toutefois avoir un impact important sur les performances du systeme, c’est pourquoi il est necessaire de developper de nouvelles methodes de commande et d’observation adaptees. Dans cette these nous presentons dans un premier temps des methodes de commande adaptative et robuste pour des classes de systemes non lineaires incertains a donnees echantillonnees ; l’objectif etant d’ameliorer les performances par rapport au simple blocage d’une loi de commande continue. Lorsque les transferts de donnees des capteurs a la structure de commande sont echantillonnes et ordonnances par l’intermediaire d’un reseau, nous avons developpe un cadre d’etude methodologique pour la synthese d’observateurs par emulation. Nos travaux permettent de considerer de nombreux types d’observateurs (lineaires, a grand gain, par critere du cercle) ainsi qu’une multitude de configurations de reseau.
A Photovoice Exploration of the Lived Experiences of a Small Group of Aboriginal Adolescent Girls Living Away from their Home Communities

This paper discusses how a small group of Aboriginal/ Indigenous adolescent girls, living away from their home communities and/or families, understood their lived experiences. These experiences were explored with photovoice, a participatory action research method using photography to capture and analyze participants’ experiences and viewpoints, and educate/change the broader community. The participants identified both adversity and strength/resilience in their lived experiences. Despite feeling challenged by stereotypes; the experience of intergenerational trauma and loss; the suicide of friends and family members; peer pressure to smoke, drink, and use drugs; and the unfamiliar challenge of living away from their home communities, the participants conveyed a realistic and positive view of their life and development. They expected to make mistakes along the way as part of a life-long learning process. They expressed an interest in engaging with cultural traditions and practices; were willing to leave their home communities to access education; appreciated and accepted their families, seeking out support when required; found solace in nature; and supported and encouraged their friends and peers. The findings challenge negative stereotypes and essentialized notions about Aboriginal adolescent girls, peoples, and communities, and are consistent with an emphasis on strengths and resilience.
DE BRUIJN STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION STUDYING WITHIN THE TASK OF RESTORING HANDS RELIEF

In the course of studies on the problem of restoring hands relief, using the de Bruijn structured illumination, methods of solving this problem are proposed. This is a method of simple quantitative detection of Hough segments on the skin of the hand, a method of qualitative visual evaluation of the effectiveness of the color palette using the dominant color, and a method of the weight coefficients of the components of the color palette. The proposed methods make it possible to quantitatively determine the optimal choice of the color scheme for generating the de Bruijn bands when illumination of the hand, to restore its relief. The work describes the stages of this study, led from visual observation to a full quantitative calculation of the quality of calibration illuminations, with the possibility of their optimal choice. In the course of experiments and observations, the requirements for the technical support of research were developed to achieve the best quality of the images of the hands. Also, the paper presents a high-speed de Bruijn sequence generating algorithm using Lyndon's words, which excludes the search for Euler chains or Hamiltonian cycles, for various kinds of de Bruijn graphs. With its help, the generation of structured light patterns with various color schemes was carried out, with the purpose of further analysis of their use in 3D reconstruction systems of hands.
Towards a volatility index for the Italian stock market

The aim of this paper is to analyse and empirically test how to unlock volatility information from option prices. The information content of three option based forecasts of volatility: Black-Scholes implied volatility, model-free implied volatility and corridor implied volatility is addressed, with the ultimate plan of proposing a new volatility index for the Italian stock market. As for model-free implied volatility, two different extrapolation techniques are implemented. As for corridor implied volatility, five different corridors are compared. Our results, which point to a better performance of corridor implied volatilities with respect to both Black-Scholes implied volatility and model-free implied volatility, are in favour of narrow corridors. The volatility index proposed is obtained with an overall 50% cut of the risk neutral distribution. The properties of the volatility index are explored by analysing both the contemporaneous relationship between implied volatility changes and market returns and the usefulness of the proposed index in forecasting future market returns.
Asymmetric Flexible MXene‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Micro‐Supercapacitor

Current microfabrication of micro‐supercapacitors often involves multistep processing and delicate lithography protocols. In this study, simple fabrication of an asymmetric MXene‐based micro‐supercapacitor that is flexible, binder‐free, and current‐collector‐free is reported. The interdigitated device architecture is fabricated using a custom‐made mask and a scalable spray coating technique onto a flexible, transparent substrate. The electrode materials are comprised of titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2Tx) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which are both 2D layered materials that contribute to the fast ion diffusion in the interdigitated electrode architecture. This MXene‐based asymmetric micro‐supercapacitor operates at a 1 V voltage window, while retaining 97% of the initial capacitance after ten thousand cycles, and exhibits an energy density of 8.6 mW h cm−3 at a power density of 0.2 W cm−3. Further, these micro‐supercapacitors show a high level of flexibility during mechanical bending. Utilizing the ability of Ti3C2Tx‐MXene electrodes to operate at negative potentials in aqueous electrolytes, it is shown that using Ti3C2Tx as a negative electrode and rGO as a positive one in asymmetric architectures is a promising strategy for increasing both energy and power densities of micro‐supercapacitors.
Requirements of n-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Beluga (Huso huso) Juvenile and their Effects on Growth, Carcass Quality and Fatty Acids Composition

An 8-week feeding experiment was carried out on beluga ( Huso huso) juvenile to evaluate the effects of different levels of fish oil containing n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFAs) on fish growth and fatty acid composition. The requirements of beluga juvenile for n-3 HUFAs were studied by feeding fish diets containing six different levels of n-3 HUFAs ranging from 1.56 to 17.25% (% of total fatty acids). Weight gain, feed conversion ratio, condition factor, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were not significantly different among dietary treatments, nor was the body composition (including: moisture, protein, lipid and ash) of beluga juvenile (P> 0.05). There were no significant differences among plasma protein, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride contents of dietary treatments (P> 0.05). However, haematocrit values were significantly lower in diets 1 and 2 (P< 0.05). The fatty acid composition of fish showed a pronounced change from the initial carcass with fatty acid composition changes in experimental diets. The fatty acid composition of the beluga carcass fed on diets containing various levels of n-3 HUFAs reflected the dietary fatty acid composition. The n-3 HUFAs contents of the lipids of fish increased with an increase in dietary n-3 HUFAs levels. Results suggested that minimum levels of n-3 HUFAs in diet have no effect on growth and n-3 HUFAs are not a restrictive factor on growth in beluga.
Who benefits from growth?: disadvantaged workers in growing regions

Despite Australia enjoying unprecedented growth since the early 1990s, pockets of socio-demographic and regional disadvantage persist. Studies of disadvantaged workers often focus on regions experiencing employment decline; this paper instead explores how disadvantaged workers have fared in expanding labour markets. How much do workers at the bottom end of the labour market benefit from employment growth? Are policies that focus on the delivery of employment growth sufficient for determining labour market outcomes, or is continuing disadvantage a reflection of personal characteristics? At the aggregate level, high growth regions appear to have had more equitable rates of growth across occupations relative to low or medium growth regions. However growth in the late 1990s has not significantly altered the structure of labour market disadvantage and the gap in the relative probabilities of unemployment between disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged participants persists. This is particularly so for labour market participants with low English proficiency, in state housing, renting and non-metropolitan Australians, and the trend is more pronounced amongst females.
Parthenocarpy: A potential trait to exploit in vegetable crops: A review

Parthenocarpy is the growth of ovary into seedless fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization. It may occur naturally or can be induced artificially by exogenous application of hormones or their enhanced endogenous level. Parthenocarpy improves the yield, quality and processing attributes of vegetable crops like cucumber, eggplant and watermelon, where seed is a limiting factor during consumption. This trait proved highly useful to develop fruits under environmental conditions that are unfavorable for successful pollination and fertilization, particularly in green house cultivation and especially in cross-pollinated crops. It is an established fact that phytohormones play important role in fruit setting and their genetic manipulation can lead to seedlessness. Apical shoot is considered as source of inhibitors preventing fruit growth in the absence of stimulus like pollination or application of phytohormones. The exploitation of biotechnological tools can further enhance its utility for the benefit of mankind. Therefore, present review is focused on factors and potential of parthenocarpy in vegetable crops.
RESPONSE OF THE WOLF (CANIS LUPUS LINNAEUS, 1758) POPULATION TO VARIOUS MANAGEMENT REGIMES AT THE EDGE OF ITS DISTRIBUTION RANGE IN WESTERN POLAND, 1951-2012

We investigated the number, distribution and human-caused mortality of wolves in western Poland during different management regimes. During intensive eradication (1951-1974) at least 49 wolves were exterminated (on average 2.6 wolves per year), and the species was reported in up to 4 forests per year (mean 1.7), but most of the family groups bred only once before being killed. Under hunting management (1975-1997) wolves were recorded in 1-4 forests per year (mean 3.1). Most of them did not breed or bred only once before they were harvested in the first year after detection. During this time period at least 70 individuals were harvested (on average 3.0 wolves per year). After the wolf became a protected species in 1998, the number of wolf groups increased to 30 in winter 2012/2013, while the number of forests inhabited by wolves increased to 14. Our study provides further confirmation that recreational hunting conducted in populations of wolves living far from a source of immigrants, in areas heavily altered by humans, where access by hunters to the most distant refuges is enabled by a dense network of forest roads, has a detrimental impact on wolf survival comparable to the effects of systematic eradication. We recommend that management plans for such subpopulations should be preceded by careful analysis of population viability and connectivity with source populations.
Aethalometer multiple scattering correction C ref for mineral dust aerosols

Abstract. In this study we provide a first estimate of the Aethalometer multiple scattering correction Cref for mineral dust aerosols. Cref is an empirical constant used to correct the aerosol absorption coefficient measurements for the multiple scattering artefact of the Aethalometer; i.e. the filter fibres on which aerosols are deposited scatter light and this is miscounted as absorption. The Cref at 450 and 660 nm was obtained from the direct comparison of Aethalometer data (Magee Sci. AE31) with (i) the absorption coefficient calculated as the difference between the extinction and scattering coefficients measured by a Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Extinction analyser (CAPS PMex) and a nephelometer respectively at 450 nm and (ii) the absorption coefficient from a MAAP (Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer) at 660 nm. Measurements were performed on seven dust aerosol samples generated in the laboratory by the mechanical shaking of natural parent soils issued from different source regions worldwide. The single scattering albedo (SSA) at 450 and 660 nm and the size distribution of the aerosols were also measured. Cref for mineral dust varies between 1.81 and 2.56 for a SSA of 0.85–0.96 at 450 nm and between 1.75 and 2.28 for a SSA of 0.98–0.99 at 660 nm. The calculated mean for dust is 2.09 (±0.22) at 450 nm and 1.92 (±0.17) at 660 nm. With this new Cref the dust absorption coefficient by the Aethalometer is about 2 % (450 nm) and 11 % (660 nm) higher than that obtained by using Cref = 2.14 at both 450 and 660 nm, as usually assumed in the literature. This difference induces a change of up to 3 % in the dust SSA at 660 nm. The Cref seems to be independent of the fine and coarse particle size fractions, and so the obtained Cref can be applied to dust both close to sources and following transport. Additional experiments performed with pure kaolinite minerals and polluted ambient aerosols indicate Cref of 2.49 (±0.02) and 2.32 (±0.01) at 450 and 660 nm (SSA = 0.96–0.97) for kaolinite, and Cref of 2.32 (±0.36) at 450 nm and 2.32 (±0.35) at 660 nm for pollution aerosols (SSA = 0.62–0.87 at 450 nm and 0.42–0.76 at 660 nm).