Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Architectural power analysis: The dual bit type method

This paper describes a novel strategy for generating accurate black-box models of datapath power consumption at the architecture level. This is achieved by recognizing that power consumption in digital circuits is affected by activity, as well as physical capacitance. Since existing strategies characterize modules for purely random inputs, they fail to account for the effect of signal statistics on switching activity. The dual bit type (DBT) model, however, accounts not only for the random activity of the least significant bits (LSB's), but also for the correlated activity of the most significant bits (MSB's), which contain two's-complement sign information. The resulting model is parameterizable in terms of complexity factors such as word length and can be applied to a wide variety of modules ranging from adders, shifters, and multipliers to register files and memories. Since the model operates at the register transfer level (RTL), it is orders of magnitude faster than gate- or circuit-level tools, but while other architecture-level techniques often err by 50-100% or more, the DBT method offers error rates on the order of 10-15%. >
Reimbursement for Shared Medical Appointments Incorporating Diabetes Self-Management Education/Training or Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy

In Brief What patients with diabetes want and need for the successful management of their disease is exactly what shared medical appointments (SMAs) can provide. Topping the list are increased access to care, quality time with the physician, an active role in medical and lifestyle decision-making, their unique needs individually addressed in a timely manner, and encouragement and support from other people with diabetes. For health care professionals, SMAs are a cost-effective way to provide both diabetes medical management and self-care education in the same visit in a manner consistent with highly interactive patient-centered care. This article offers an overview of Medicare and private insurance reimbursement for SMAs.
On the localization of high-frequency, sinusoidally amplitude-modulated tones in free field

Previous headphone experiments have shown that listeners can lateralize high-frequency sine-wave amplitude-modulated (SAM) tones based on interaural time differences in the envelope. However, when SAM tones are presented to listeners in free field or in a room, diffraction by the head or reflections from room surfaces alter the modulation percentages and change the shapes of the envelopes, potentially degrading the envelope cue. Amplitude modulation is transformed into mixed modulation. This article presents a mathematical transformation between the six spectral parameters for a modulated tone and six mixed-modulation parameters for each ear. The transformation was used to characterize the stimuli in the ear canals of listeners in free-field localization experiments. The mixed modulation parameters were compared with the perceived changes in localization attributable to the modulation for five different listeners, who benefited from the modulation to different extents. It is concluded that individual differences in the response to added modulation were not systematically related to the physical modulation parameters themselves. Instead, they were likely caused by individual differences in processing of envelope interaural time differences.
Outcome Research and Interagency Work with Children: What Does it Tell us About What the CAMHS Contribution Should Look Like?

Child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) services in the UK have a long history of multiagency working. In this article, we explore the difficulties in agreeing an evidence-base for interagency work, and describe some of the challenges this poses for practitioners and service planners. We use current literature to outline the barriers and facilitators to good multi-agency practice and explore the outcomes of integrated professional work with children and young people, the development of ‘comprehensive CAMHS’ positions, and CAMH work as an exemplar of a multi-agency service.
High-Bandwidth White-Light System Combining a Micro-LED with Perovskite Quantum Dots for Visible Light Communication.

This work proposes a high-bandwidth white-light system consisting of a blue gallium nitride (GaN) micro-LED (μLED) exciting yellow-emitting CsPbBr1.8I1. 2 perovskite quantum dots (YQDs) for high-speed real-time visible light communication (VLC). The packaged 80 μm × 80 μm blue-emitting μLED has a modulation bandwidth of ∼160 MHz and a peak emission wavelength of ∼445 nm. The achievable bandwidth of the white-light system is up to 85 MHz in the absence of filters and equalization technology. Meanwhile, the bandwidth of the YQDs as a color converter is as high as 73 MHz with the blue GaN μLED as the pump source. A maximum data rate of 300 Mbps can be achieved by taking advantage of the high bandwidth of the white-light system using the non-return-to-zero on-off keying (NRZ-OOK) modulation scheme. The resultant bit-error rate is 2.0 × 10-3, well beneath the forward error correction criterion of 3.8 × 10-3 required for error-free data transmission. In addition, the YQDs which we proposed as a color converter possess high stability for VLC. After half a year, the achievable bandwidths of the white-light system and the YQDs are still up to 83 and 70 MHz, respectively. This study provides the direction of developing high-bandwidth white-light system for both high-efficiency solid-state lighting and high-speed VLC.
A histopathological analysis of cutaneous malignancies in a tropical African population

Aim : To establish the prevalence of cutaneous malignancies in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Method : This is a histopathological analysis of three hundred and eighty two cases of cutaneous malignancies seen and diagnosed in the department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria from January 1991 to December 2000. The specimens were fixed in formalin, processed in paraffin wax and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The slides were studied and the lesions were characterized. Results : Three hundred and eighty two cutaneous malignancies were analysed. The M: F ratio of all the tumours was 1.9:1.0. Nonmelanoma skin tumours were the commonest and accounted for 254 (66.8%). They comprised of squamous cell carcinoma 239 (62.9%), basal cell carcinoma 15 (3.9%) and malignant adnexal tumours which were the least common accounting for 2 (0.5%). Sarcomas accounted for 72(18.9%) and kaposi sarcoma 41(10.7%), was the commonest in this group. Malignant melanoma cases were 54 (14.1%). There were two peak age distributions in the 4th and 6th decades (63.6%) for all tumours. The lower limb was the prevalent site of distribution of all the tumours with sixty five percent cases. Conclusion : Cutaneous malignancies are common in our setting and the commonest was squamous cell carcinoma. Prompt and adequate treatment of chronic leg ulcers and burns injury as well as control of HIV infection should help to reduce the burden of these cancers. Keywords : cutaneous malignancy squamous cell carcinoma sarcomas Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research Vol. 7(3&4) 2005: 300-304
Modulation of auditory-motor learning in response to formant perturbation as a function of delayed auditory feedback.

The interaction of language production and perception has been substantiated by empirical studies where speakers compensate their speech articulation in response to the manipulated sound of their voice heard in real-time as auditory feedback. A recent study by Max and Maffett [(2015). Neurosci. Lett. 591, 25-29] reported an absence of compensation (i.e., auditory-motor learning) for frequency-shifted formants when auditory feedback was delayed by 100 ms. In the present study, the effect of auditory feedback delay was studied when only the first formant was manipulated while delaying auditory feedback systematically. In experiment 1, a small yet significant compensation was observed even with 100 ms of auditory delay unlike the past report. This result suggests that the tolerance of feedback delay depends on different types of auditory errors being processed. In experiment 2, it was revealed that the amount of formant compensation had an inverse linear relationship with the amount of auditory delay. One of the speculated mechanisms to account for these results is that as auditory delay increases, undelayed (and unperturbed) somatosensory feedback is given more preference for accuracy control of vowel formants.
Enriched Multimodal Representations of Music Performances: Online Access and Visualization

The authors provide a first-person outlook on the technical challenges involved in the recording, analysis, archiving, and cloud-based interchange of multimodal string quartet performance data as part of a collaborative research project on ensemble music making. To facilitate the sharing of their own collection of multimodal recordings and extracted descriptors and annotations, they developed a hosting platform through which multimodal data (audio, video, motion capture, and derived signals) can be stored, visualized, annotated, and selectively retrieved via a web interface and a dedicated API. This article offers a twofold contribution: the authors open their collection of enriched multimodal recordings, the Quartet dataset, to the community, and they introduce and enable access to their multimodal data exchange platform and web application, the Repovizz system. This article is part of a special issue on multimedia technologies for enriched music.
Taking into Consideration Sports Semantic Annotation of Sports Videos Content-based Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval

videos' unique qualities, we propose a system that semantically annotates them at different layers of semantic significance, using different elements of visual content. We decompose each shot into its visual and graphic content elements and, by combining several different low-level visual primitives, capture semantic content at a higher level of significance. T he quantity of videos generated by digital technologies has increased the need for automatically annotating video content and for techniques that support retrieving that content. Content-based video annotation and retrieval therefore has become an active research topic. Although we can successfully apply many of the results in content-based image retrieval to videos, additional techniques are necessary to address videos' unique qualities. For example, videos add the temporal dimension, requiring object dynamics. Furthermore, although people often think of a video as just a sequence of images, it's actually a compound medium, integrating diverse media such as realistic images, graphics, text, and audio. 1 Also, application contexts for videos are different than those for images and therefore call for different approaches to help users annotate, query, and exploit archived video data. The huge amount of data that video streams deliver necessarily calls for higher levels of abstraction when we annotate content. This therefore requires us to investigate and model video semantics. Because of the type and volume of data, general-purpose approaches are likely to fail since semantics inherently depend on a specific application context. Many researchers have addressed semantic modeling of content in mul-timedia databases. Researchers have also reported on concrete video retrieval applications by high-level semantics in specific contexts such as movies, news, and commercials. 2,3 Due to their enormous commercial appeal, sports videos represent an important application domain. However, most research efforts so far have been devoted to characterizing single, specific sports. (For example, Miyamori and Iisaku 4 proposed a method for annotating videos according to human behavior; Ariki and Sygiyama 5 proposed a method for classifying TV sports news videos using discrete cosine transform [DCT] features; and Zhou et al. 6 classified nine basketball events using color features, edges, and MPEG motion vectors.) We propose an approach for semantic annotation of sports videos that include several different sports and even nonsports content. We automatically annotate videos according to elements of visual content at different layers of semantic significance. In fact, we primarily distinguish studio and interview shots from sports action shots and then further decompose the sports …
Charge storage in double layers of thermally grown silicon dioxide and APCVD silicon nitride

Experimental results on charge storage and discharge in double layers of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride will be reported and discussed. SiO/sub 2/ with a thickness of 300 nm was thermally grown on silicon wafers, while cover layers of Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ with thicknesses of 50, 100, and 150 nm were deposited chemically at atmospheric pressure. The samples were charged by the point-to-grid corona method. At room temperature, the measured surface potential V was stable during a period of almost three years. Isothermal measurements under different environmental conditions showed an improved charge retention compared to a single layer grown silicon dioxide. After /spl sim/3 h at 300/spl deg/C, the observed voltage drop was <10% for the double layers and /spl sim/60% for bare SiO/sub 2/. Similar results were obtained under a humid condition of 95%RH and 60/spl deg/C. Besides, thermally stimulated current (TSC) was measured in setup with a temperature ramp of 200/spl deg/C/h. For the double layers, a current peak with a maximum temperature at /spl sim/500/spl deg/C was observed. The measured current in the range of 300 to 400/spl deg/C, the location of current maxima observed in thermally grown silicon dioxide or APCVD silicon nitride, was negligible. In addition to improved electret properties the internal stress in the investigated double layers can be adjusted by a proper thickness ratio of oxide layer to nitride layer. Therefore double layers of silicon dioxide and nitride seem to be promising materials for integrated sensors and actuators based on the electret effect.
Medical Complications Associated With Carotid Endarterectomy

Background and Purpose—Carotid endarterectomy (CE) has been shown to be beneficial in patients with symptomatic high-grade (70% to 99%) internal carotid artery stenosis. To achieve this benefit, complications must be kept to a minimum. Complications not associated with the procedure itself, but related to medical conditions, have received little attention. Methods—Medical complications that occurred within 30 days after CE were recorded in 1415 patients with symptomatic stenosis (30% to 99%) of the internal carotid artery. They were compared with 1433 patients who received medical care alone. All patients were in the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET). Results—One hundred fifteen patients (8.1%) had 142 medical complications: 14 (1%) myocardial infarctions, 101 (7.1%) other cardiovascular disorders, 11 (0.8%) respiratory complications, 6 (0.4%) transient confusions, and 10 (0.7%) other complications. Of the 142 complications, 69.7% were of short duration, and only 26.8% prolo.
Bacteremia Caused by Brevundimonas vesicularis in a Patient With Biliary Pancreatitis

Brevundimonas vesicularis has rarely been isolated from clinical specimens. We describe a case of B. vesicularis bacteremia in the setting of acute biliary pancreatitis. Though rare, it can be effectively treated with appropriate antibiotics and should be in the differential diagnosis of gram-negative bacteremia. (Infect Dis Clin Pract 2010;18: 54Y55) Brevundimonas vesicularis is a motile, non-fermenting, aerobic, gram-negative bacillus. As infections caused by this organism are rare, we report a case of B. vesicularis bacteremia in a patient with acute biliary pancreatitis.
Dosimetric comparison of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity modulated radiotherapy in high grade gliomas

Dosimetric comparison of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity modulated radiotherapy in high grade gliomas Treatment of high-grade gliomas continues to be frustrating for the clinician as the medial survival stands at a dismal 14.5 months for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with the current standard of care. Given the high dose and generous margins required to be irradiated, three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) has become standard practice. Radiation dose escalation beyond 60 Gy, by means of stereotactic or intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) boost, has not yielded clinically significant benefits in terms of local control or survival. At the same time, the potential of IMRT to spare normal tissues such as the brain stem and the optic apparatus makes it an attractive tool for modern radiation oncologists in seeking to improve post-radiotherapy quality of life. At our centre, we have been treating a large number of cases of high grade glioma with 3DCRT and IMRT for the last several years. The present study has been an effort to understand any potential benefits that IMRT, even without dose escalation, can offer.
Impacts of mobility on telecommunication and data communication networks

The article gives an overview of architectures and service aspects of existing networks and of those under development, with a special focus on mobility support. The authors discuss relations and differences of concepts being rooted in data communications and telecommunications, respectively, while paying special attention to the future role of the ISO/OSI reference model. They have subdivided the discussion based on different network classes with different degrees of mobility support; starting with fixed networks and finishing with networks enabling unlimited mobility of users and terminals. Finally, they describe the impact of unlimited terminal mobility on next generation communication networks. >
Location-oriented multimedia

Location-oriented multimedia describes the integration of location-awareness technology and mobile multimedia applications. Application mobility is targeted at users rather than hosts. Since much complex execution and user interface state is set up in the course of application sessions, it is useful to be able to retain this transparently after moving an application. Distributed multimedia complicates this problem since many users can be involved, each with distributed media sources and sinks connected to one another. These communication channels must be reestablished after movement. The authors first present a flexible framework, the components of which provide the building blocks for a wide range of location-oriented application support architectures. The issues of location awareness, use of mobile agents, mobile multimedia endpoints, mobile object location, and communication systems are addressed. Second, the authors present a specific architecture that integrates these components to support location-oriented multimedia. In this architecture, mobile agents are used as controllers of multimedia sessions. The mobile agent system has been made location-aware so that applications can move to user locations and even follow users. Mobile multimedia endpoints support the reestablishment of distributed multimedia streams after movement.
Context-aware applications: from the laboratory to the marketplace

Current hardware developments are making mobile computing increasingly attractive. An important class of mobile applications are context-aware applications: applications that change their behaviour according to the user's present context-their location, who they are with, what the time of day is, and so on. This article is about software design for context-aware applications. Currently most such applications have been crafted by experts in research laboratories. Our aim is to factor out a simple class of context-aware applications and make the creation of these as easy as, say, creating Web pages.
Plasma protein denaturation with graded heat exposure

During cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), perfusion at tepid temperatures (33-35°C) is recommended to avoid high temperature cerebral hyperthermia during and after the operation. However, the ideal temperature for uncomplicated adult cardiac surgery is an unsettled question. Typically, the heat exchanger maximum temperature is monitored between 40-42°C to prevent denaturation of plasma proteins, but studies have not been performed to make these conclusions. Therefore, our hypothesis was to determine the temperature in which blood plasma protein degradation occurs after 2 hours of heat exposure. As a result, blood plasma proteins were exposed to heat in the 37-50°C range for 2 hours. Plasma protein samples were loaded onto an 8-12% gradient gel for SDS-PAGE and low molecular weight plasma protein degradation was detected with graded heat exposure. Protein degradation was first detected between 43-45°C of heat exposure. This study supports the practice of monitoring the heat exchanger between 40-42°C to prevent denaturation of plasma proteins.
From use cases and their relationships to code

Use cases are used in many methodologies to drive the software engineering process. Though, their transition to code was usually a mostly manual process. In the context of MDD, use cases gain attention as first-class artifacts with representation notations allowing for automatic transformations to analysis and design models. The paper concentrates on an important problem of constructing transformations that cater for use case relationships. It presents a notation that unifies the ambiguous “include” and “extend”, and allows for representing them within textual use case scenarios. This notation, equipped with runtime semantics, is used to construct a direct transformation into working code. The code is placed within method bodies of the Controller/Presenter and View layers within the MVC/MVP framework. Based on this transformation, an agile use-case-driven development process is possible.
Part 1-Prebiotics: New Medicines for the Colon

The entire gastrointestinal tract is populated by microorganisms, with the colon being the most populated area of the tract. The sterile newborn gut is colonized at birth and thereafter; this contributes to the normal development of its gut. The bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract can be classified as either beneficial or harmful to the host, their metabolism contributing largely to this classification; saccharolytic species are considered beneficial as opposed to proteolytic species, which are considered harmful. Prebiotics can stimulate the growth of specific bacteria. They are nondigestible carbohydrates that are selectively fermented by health-promoting bacteria; in other words, because the host cannot digest these carbohydrates, they reach the colon intact, where they are fermented by beneficial bacteria. The functionality of these carbohydrates is dependent on their chemistry and the host health status. Inulin, fructooligosaccharides, and galactooligosaccharides are accepted prebiotics; however, others such as soya-oligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides are promising prebiotics.
Bisection algorithm for computing the frequency response gain of sampled-data systems - infinite-dimensional congruent transformation approach

This paper derives a bisection algorithm for computing the frequency response gain of sampled-data systems with their intersample behavior taken into account. The properties of the infinite-dimensional congruent transformation (i.e., the Schur complement arguments and the Sylvester law of inertia) play a key role in the derivation. Specifically, it is highlighted that counting up the numbers of the negative eigenvalues of self-adjoint operators is quite important for the computation of the frequency response gain. This contrasts with the well-known arguments on the related issue of the sampled-data H/sub /spl infin// problem, where the key role is played by the positivity of operators and the loop-shifting technique. The effectiveness of the derived algorithm is demonstrated through a numerical example.