Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Design of a 92.4% Efficiency Triple Mode Control DC–DC Buck Converter With Low Power Retention Mode and Adaptive Zero Current Detector for IoT/Wearable Applications

This paper presents a retention/ pulse frequency modulation (PFM)/ pulse width modulation (PWM) mode dc–dc buck converter with adaptive zero current detector (AZCD) and spread spectrum clock generation (SSCG) for IoT/Wearable systems. The proposed dc–dc buck converter is capable of handling loads from 10 μA to 20 mA with high efficiency by applying triple mode (retention mode, PFM mode, and PWM mode), gate split technique, and AZCD. Retention mode is proposed to extend wide load range at ultralight load. Gate split technique adjusts the conduction loss and switching loss. AZCD reduces the operation duty of the high-speed comparator and avoid reverse current below light load. In IoT applications, each node communicates with other nodes through a Bluetooth low energy transceiver, which consumes very low current and is highly sensitive to supply noise. Therefore, the proposed dc–dc buck converter adopts the SSCG technique to reduce electromagnetic interference by up to 18 dB. This chip is implemented using 0.13 μm CMOS technology with an active area of $\text{820}\times \text{800}\;\mu \text{m}^{2}$. The maximum power efficiency of the proposed dc–dc buck converter is 92.4% at a switching frequency of 2.5 MHz when the load current range is 10 to 20 mA. The input voltage range and the regulated output voltage are 2.2–3.3 and 1.7 V, respectively. In addition, the proposed dc–dc buck converter achieves over 74.2% efficiency in retention mode when the load current range is from 10 to 500 μA.
ADHD in Adults: Development of a resource for Primary Care Providers by

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders found among adults in the United States. According to the 2003 National Comorbidity Survey Replication, 4.4% of Americans suffer from ADHD. This survey also reaffirmed previous studies, which concluded that adult ADHD continues to be underdiagnosed and consequentially undertreated. The purpose of this paper is to describe basic educational materials and a selfreport questionnaire that could assist primary care providers in recognizing ADHD symptoms in adults. In this project, an attempt was made to develop a quick reference/questionnaire for Primary Care Providers, which will serve to improve ADHD identification procedures, and to ensure prompt referral of patients to a psychiatric mental health care specialist. The use of this resource may result in better care for patients by allowing easier differentiation between various mental conditions, drug and ETOH abuse, and other comorbid disorders arrayed by ADHD. 6
Implicit and Explicit Associations with Erotic Stimuli in Sexually Functional and Dysfunctional Men.

INTRODUCTION Although conceptual models of sexual functioning have suggested a major role for implicit cognitive processing in sexual functioning, this has thus far, only been investigated in women. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the role of implicit cognition in sexual functioning in men. METHODS Men with (N = 29) and without sexual dysfunction (N = 31) were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants performed two single-target implicit association tests (ST-IAT), measuring the implicit association of visual erotic stimuli with attributes representing, respectively, valence ('liking') and motivation ('wanting'). Participants also rated the erotic pictures that were shown in the ST-IAT on the dimensions of valence, attractiveness, and sexual excitement to assess their explicit associations with these erotic stimuli. Participants completed the International Index of Erectile Functioning for a continuous measure of sexual functioning. RESULTS Unexpectedly, compared with sexually functional men, sexually dysfunctional men were found to show stronger implicit associations of erotic stimuli with positive valence than with negative valence. Level of sexual functioning, however, was not predicted by explicit nor implicit associations. Level of sexual distress was predicted by explicit valence ratings, with positive ratings predicting higher levels of sexual distress. CONCLUSIONS Men with and without sexual dysfunction differed significantly with regard to implicit liking. Research recommendations and implications are discussed.
[Resistance of enterobacteriaceae to carbapenems].

OBJECTIVES Carbapenems are the drugs of choice for the treatment of serious infections caused by ESBL- and AmpC-positive Enterobacteriaceae. An increasing trend of resistance to these antibiotics has been observed recently. The aim of the study was to determine resistance to carbapenems in clinical isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae family and its mechanism. METHODS Between 1 April 2009 and 31 August 2010, Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from clinical samples obtained from patients hospitalized in the University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic (1,406 beds incl. 155 ICU beds). The strains were identified using the standard microbiological methods and their susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the microdilution method. The identification of the isolates with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem of 2 mg/L or more was confirmed by the Phoenix automated system (Becton Dickinson). The MIC of meropenem was verified by the E-test and also Phoenix automated system. The isolates were tested for carbapenemase production using the modified Hodge test, a combined test with 3-aminophenylboronic acid (3-APB) and EDTA, the CD-test for serine carbapenemases and modified DDST (mDDST) for metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL). ESBL and AmpC production was determined by the mDDST and modified AmpC test, respectively. Genes encoding production of serine carbapenemases, MBL, bla(OXA-23), bla(OXA-48), ESBL and AmpC enzymes were detected with a set of primers that amplify specific segments of individual beta-lactamases. TEM- and SHV-positive PCR products were characterized by restriction analysis. RESULTS From a total of 12,605 Enterobacteriaceae, 9 strains were isolates with the MIC of meropenem of 2 mg/L or more. Seven isolates were classified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and two as Enterobacter cloacae. The MIC of meropenem for these strains ranged from 2 mg/L to 16 mg/L. The modified Hodge test, the combined test with 3-APB and EDTA, CD-test, mDDST for MBL and a series of PCR analyses did not detect production of class A carbapenemases, MBL, OXA-23 or OXA-48 enzymes in any of the tested strains. In 6 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains and 1 Enterobacter cloacae strain, the mDDST test and genetic analysis revealed ESBL production (CTX-M and SHV types), and in 2 strains, AmpC production was detected (DHA and EBC types). CONCLUSION The prevalence of the Enterobacteriaceae with the MIC of meropenem ≥ 2 mg/L in the University Hospital Olomouc was 0.07 %. None of the strains produced either serine carbapenemases or MBL. Borderline resistance of the strains to carbapenems was determined by the ESBL and AmpC production with another associated mechanism of resistance.
Microgrids of Commercial Buildings: Strategies to Manage Mode Transfer From Grid Connected to Islanded Mode

Microgrid systems located within commercial premises are becoming increasingly popular and their dynamic behavior is still uncharted territory in modern power networks. Improved understanding in design and operation is required for the electricity utility and building services design sectors. This paper evaluates the design requirements for a commercial building microgrid system to facilitate seamless mode transition considering an actual commercial building microgrid system. A dynamic simulation model of the proposed microgrid system is established (utilizing DIgSILENT Power Factory) to aid the development of planning and operational philosophy for the practical system. An economic operational criterion is developed for the microgrid to incorporate selective mode transition in different time intervals and demand scenarios. In addition, a multi-droop control strategy has been developed to mitigate voltage and frequency variations during mode transition. Different system conditions considering variability in load and generation are analyzed to examine the responses of associated microgrid network parameters (i.e., voltage and frequency) with the proposed mode transition strategy during planned and unplanned islanding conditions. It has been demonstrated that despite having a rigorous mode transition strategy, control of certain loads such as direct online (DOL) and variable-speed-drive (VSD) driven motor loads is vital for ensuring seamless mode-transition, in particular for unplanned islanding conditions.
The Imminent Obesity Crisis in Asia and the Pacific: First Cost Estimates

Over the past two decades, Asia and the Pacific have not only experienced rapid growth, but in parallel saw a rapid increase in overweight people and obesity. The latest available data indicated that over 40.9% of adults in the region are overweight compared to 34.6% in 1993. It is well documented that obesity and overweight are one of the main risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The rapid spread of excess weight thus implies significant additional costs for health systems and the economy as a whole. Despite the growing significance of this public health problem, we still lack estimates of direct and indirect costs caused by the obesity endemic for the region. This paper fills this gap by providing a first cost estimate for 42 Asia and the Pacific countries. Our estimations include both direct costs caused by additional medical expenditures as well as indirect costs due to higher morbidity and mortality of overweight and obese patients. Overall, our estimates suggest the total costs caused by obesity to be 12% of total health care expenditures or 0.78% of gross domestic product in the region. Obesity is thus a serious threat to the prosperity of the region and calls for urgent action.
Instruments Assessing Capacity to Manage Medications

Objective: To review literature on instruments available for assessing the physical and cognitive ability to take medications as prescribed, which serve as a way to rule out reasons for nonadherence. Data Sources: A PubMed search (1950–February 2008) was conducted to identity relevant articles. Additional references were obtained from cross-referencing the bibliographies of selected articles. Only journals containing English-language articles were selected for review. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles that described a simulated assessment of medication management were obtained, irrespective of whether the assessment also contained data about medication adherence or was focused on older adults. Data Synthesis: Fifteen instruments were identified. Six instruments required 5 minutes or less to administer. 5 required 6–30 minutes, and 4 had no administration time data reported. A possible advantage of 3 of the instruments is that they use a subject's own medications and may therefore provide a more authentic assessment. Only 2 instruments have been tested by subjects other than the drug developers and only one has been used in 2 different populations, thereby affording soma insight into generalizability. These studies have used a variety of other validated surveys/assessments to provide an indication of construct validity, including neuropsychological batteries, caregiver reports, prospective outcomes, instrumental activities of daily living, and levels of care. One instrument determined whether Individuals could tell if refills existed, whom to contact, and resources to obtain medications. Three assessed numeracy literacy. Conclusions: Five instruments that measure medication management capacity should be compared for potential further use, including Beckman's tasks, due to their brevity and assessment of numeracy literacy; the Medication Management Ability Assessment, Drug Regimen Unassisted Grading Scale, and Hopkins Medication Schedule because of the evidence supporting their use; and the Medication Management Instrument for Deficiencies In the Elderly because it includes an assessment of the patient's knowledge of how to obtain more medications. No brief tool is available for the primary care setting to identify individuals with medication management problems or to guide the type and amount of support required to manage medications.
Parathyroid Glands in Calcium Regulation and Human Disease

Abstract: In humans and other land‐living vertebrates, the parathyroids are known to have an overall regulatory role with action as a thermostat in the systemic calcium homeostasis to ensure tight regulation of serum calcium concentrations and appropriate skeletal mineralization. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is an 84‐amino‐acid peptide, synthesized and released by parathyroid chief cells in response to hypocalcemia. PTH mobilizes calcium by increasing calcium resorption from bone and by raising calcium reabsorption in the proximal kidney tubule. Treatment with active vitamin D can increase vitamin D receptor expression, inhibit growth of parathyroid tumors, and reduce PTH levels in patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Newly developed vitamin D analogues with reduced calcemic effects and with more pronounced antiproliferative effect may provide new favorable treatment for reversal of HPT.
Nursing stress and patient care: real-time investigation of the effect of nursing tasks and demands on psychological stress, physiological stress, and job performance: study protocol.

AIM To examine the effects of nursing tasks (including their physiological and psychological demands, and the moderating effects of reward and control) on distress and job performance in real time. BACKGROUND Nurses working in hospital settings report high levels of occupational stress. Stress in nurses has been linked to reduced physical and psychological health, reduced job satisfaction, increased sickness absence, increased staff turnover, and poorer job performance. In this study, we will investigate theoretical models of stress and use multiple methods, including real-time data collection, to assess the relationship between stress and different nursing tasks in general medical and surgical ward nurses. DESIGN A real-time, repeated measures design. METHODS During 2011/2012, 100 nurses from a large general teaching hospital in Scotland will: (a) complete self-reports of mood; (b) have their heart rate and activity monitored over two shifts to obtain physiological indices of stress and energy expenditure; (c) provide perceptions of the determinants of stress in complex ward environments; and (d) describe their main activities. All measures will be taken repeatedly in real time over two working shifts. DISCUSSION Data obtained in this study will be analysed to examine the relationships between nursing tasks, self-reported and physiological measures of stress and to assess the effect of occupational stress on multiple work outcomes. The results will inform theoretical understanding of nurse stress and its determinants and suggest possible targets for intervention to reduce stress and associated harmful consequences.
Analysis of the 2010-2012 results of the multicenter external proficiency study for 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

BACKGROUND Results collected from the 2010-2012 cycles of the 'Immunocheck' external quality assessment scheme for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, conducted by QualiMedLab CNR (Italy) and ProBioQual (France; 250 among Italian and French laboratories) are presented in this article. METHODS Details of how QualiMedLab operates can be found in QualiMedLab website. RESULTS Interlaboratory imprecision was 19 (2010), 15 (2011) and 13% (2012). The LIAISON(®) analyzer (DiaSorin, Italy) was the most utilized, followed by Roche (UK), ImmunoDiagnostic Systems methods (UK), ARCHITECT (Abbott, IL, USA), radioimmunoassay (DiaSorin) and others. The within-method variability between laboratories (percentage coefficient of variation) were 15, 12.7 versus 9.8% for LIAISON, 27.8, 16.5 versus 11.7% for Roche, 15, 12 versus 17% for ImmunoDiagnostic Systems and 17.4, 18.6 versus 17.5% for radioimmunoassay in the 2010, 2011 versus 2012 cycles, and 15 versus 8.9% for ARCHITECT in the 2011 versus 2012, respectively. CONCLUSION Significant differences in specific samples and discrepancies between laboratories and methods still exist, making the actuation of appropriate external quality assessment schemes mandatory.
Interpretive Breakpoints for Fluconazole and Candida Revisited: a Blueprint for the Future of Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

SUMMARY Developing interpretive breakpoints for any given organism-drug combination requires integration of the MIC distribution, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, and the relationship between in vitro activity and outcome from both in vivo and clinical studies. Previously, the Subcommittee for Antifungal Testing of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI [formerly National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards]) proposed MIC interpretive breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida spp. These breakpoints were considered to be somewhat weak, because the clinical data supporting them came largely from mucosal infections and there were very few infections involving strains with elevated fluconazole MICs. We readdress the issue of fluconazole breakpoints for Candida by using published clinical and microbiologic data to provide further validation of the breakpoints proposed by the CLSI in 1997. We also address interpretive breakpoints for agar disk diffusion testing of fluconazole. The MIC distribution for fluconazole was determined with a collection of 13,338 clinical isolates. The overall MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited was 8 μg/ml: 91% were susceptible (S) at a MIC of ≤8 μg/ml and 3% were resistant (R) (MIC ≥ 64 μg/ml). Similar results were obtained for 2,190 isolates from randomized clinical trials. Analysis of available data for 1,295 patient-episode-isolate events (692 represented mucosal infections and 603 represented invasive infections) from 12 published clinical studies demonstrated an overall success rate of 77%, including 85% for those episodes in which the fluconazole MIC was ≤8 μg/ml, 67% for those episodes in which the MIC was 16 to 32 μg/ml, and 42% for those episodes with resistant (MIC ≥ 64 μg/ml) isolates. Pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated a strong relationship between MIC, fluconazole dose, and outcome. A dose/MIC ratio of ∼25 was supportive of the following susceptibility breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida spp. : S, MIC ≤ 8 μg/ml; susceptible-dose dependent (SDD), MIC = 16 to 32 μg/ml; R, MIC ≥ 64 μg/ml. The corresponding disk test breakpoints are as follows: S, ≥19 mm; SDD, 15 to 18 mm; R, ≤14 mm.
Improvements on spacecraft power regulators

Sequential Switching Shunt Regulator (S3R) is a voltage regulator circuit used in geosynchronous satellites of the Indian Space Program. The research article presents design and implementation of Majority Voting Logic using transistors and diodes to incorporate failsafe mechanism in S3R. The article presents three improvements in the existing S3R. They are, Reduction of di/dt using passive filtering, Introduction of synchronous switching to reduce power loss and a novel method of hysteresis level implementation.
Visual Sensitivity and Mindfulness Meditation

Practitioners of the mindfulness form of Buddhist meditation were tested for visual sensitivity before and immediately after a 3-mo. retreat during which they practiced mindfulness meditation for 16 hr. each day. A control group composed of the staff at the retreat center was similarly tested. Visual sensitivity was defined in two ways: by a detection threshold based on the duration of simple light flashes and a discrimination threshold based on the interval between successive simple light flashes. All light flashes were presented tachistoscopically and were of fixed luminance. After the retreat, practitioners could detect shorter single-light flashes and required a shorter interval to differentiate between successive flashes correctly. The control group did not change on either measure. Phenomenological reports indicate that mindfulness practice enables practitioners to become aware of some of the usually preattentive processes involved in visual detection. The results support the statements found in Buddhist texts on meditation concerning the changes in perception encountered during the practice of mindfulness.
Program Optimization Strategies for Data-Parallel Many-Core Processors

Program optimization for highly parallel systems has historically been considered an art, with experts doing much of the performance tuning by hand. With the introduction of inexpensive, single-chip, massively parallel platforms, more developers will be creating highly data-parallel applications for these platforms while lacking the substantial experience and knowledge needed to maximize application performance. In addition, hand-optimization even by motivated and informed developers takes a significant amount of time and generally still underutilizes the performance of the hardware by double-digit percentages. This creates a need for structured and automatable optimization techniques that are capable of finding a near-optimal program configuration for this new class of architecture. My work discusses various strategies for optimizing programs on a highly dataparallel architecture with fine-grained sharing of resources. I first investigate useful strategies in optimizing a suite of applications. I then introduce program optimization carving, an approach that discovers high-performance application configurations for data-parallel, many-core architectures. Instead of applying a particular phase ordering of optimizations, it starts with an optimization space of major transformations and then reduces the space by examining the static code and pruning configurations that do not maximize desirable qualities in isolation or combination. Careful selection of pruning criteria for applications running on the NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX reduces the optimization space by as much as 98% while finding configurations within 1% of the best performance. Random
Superior canal dehiscence reveals concomitant unilateral utricular loss (UUL)

Abstract Conclusion: We report enhanced symmetrical cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) but asymmetrical ocular VEMP (oVEMP) responses in a patient with CT-verified bilateral superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) but with acute vestibular syndrome. This implies that absence of unilateral utricular macula function alone is sufficient to cause symptoms of acute vertigo. Acute vertigo should not automatically be presumed to originate from semicircular canal dysfunction. Objectives: To identify the cause of an acute vertigo attack in a patient with bilateral SCD. Methods: The functional state of all peripheral vestibular sense organs was tested using the video head impulse test (vHIT) for all semicircular canals and VEMPs to air-conducted sound (ACS) or bone-conducted vibration (BCV) to test all otolith organs. The cVEMP tested mainly saccular function and the oVEMP mainly utricular function. Results: All semicircular canals showed normal function. The cVEMPs showed enhanced, but symmetrical saccular function. In contrast, oVEMPs showed an enhanced but asymmetric n10 component – it was greatly reduced beneath the left eye, implying decreased function in the right utricular macula. That result was confirmed using very high frequency stimuli which are effective in SCD: 4000 Hz BCV stimuli showed that oVEMP n10 was present beneath the right eye but absent beneath the left eye.