Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Setting Stress in Composite Resin in Relation to Configuration of the Restoration

The setting stress in composite resins was studied as a function of restoration shape. The shape is described by the configuration factor, C, the ratio of the restoration's bonded to unbonded (free) surfaces. In an experimental set-up, the shape of the restoration was simulated by cylindrical forms of various dimensions. The shrinkage stress was measured continuously. It was shown that in most of the clinically relevant cavity configurations, the stress-relieving flow is not sufficient to preserve adhesion to dentin by dentin-bonding agents.
Overlap Degree Aware Routing in All-Optical Routing Networks

Dynamic routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) is an attractive method for the efficient use of network resources in all-optical networks. We present a novel fixed alternate routing method referred to as Overlap-Degree Aware (ODA) routing in all-optical networks. A lot of researchers have focused on the shortest path routing and alternate shortest path routing taking into acount link and wavelength usage so as to reduce the consumption of network resources. The authors, however, believe that in order to minimize the blocking probability, it is important to consider not only the consumption of link and wavelength resources but also the existence of the other flows when a routing decision is made. The ODA routing decides routes using the knowledge of ingress-egress node pairs, and tries to prevent future path requests from being blocked unnecessarily by reserving link and wavelength resources for the future requests. Our simulation results show that our new routing algorithm outperforms Fixed-Alternate Routing (FAR) and Weighted Least Congestion Routing (WLCR) from the viewpoint of call blocking probability.
Situation-Awareness and Reasoning Using Uncertain Context in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments

Purpose – The recent advances of mobile computing and sensing technologies have enabled mobile devices to individually sense environment context and develop situation awareness capability. To gain a better understanding of the environment, mobile devices that are co‐located can establish a mobile peer‐to‐peer (MP2P) environment to share their individual context information. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical model for representing and reasoning about situations using uncertain context information captured by multiple devices in an MP2P environment.Design/methodology/approach – The paper proposes a generic model for reasoning about situations using uncertain context information captured by multiple devices in a MP2P environment. A data fusion technique is then integrated into the proposed model. To deal with uncertainty of context information captured by multiple independent devices, several models to estimate reliability of context information captured in the environment is proposed and.
Sequential Monte-Carlo techniques and vision-based methods for road signs detection

This paper presents a model-based method for road signs detection and tracking. The object is described by a CAD model and tracked through the sequence. The detection and tracking problem is modeled using the estimation theory of hybrid processes, in which each sign of the database is described as a distinct mode. The proposed state-space modeling is here strongly nonlinear. Hence, one develops a Multiple Hypothesis Particle Filter solution that is based on the theory of the Sequential Monte-Carlo Methods. This solution is then applied in real time to real road image sequences.
Dimer Initiation Signal of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Its Role in Partner Selection during RNA Copackaging and Its Effects on Recombination

ABSTRACT Frequent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombination occurs during DNA synthesis when portions of the two copackaged RNAs are used as templates to generate a hybrid DNA copy. Therefore, the frequency of copackaging of genomic RNAs from two different viruses (heterozygous virion formation) affects the generation of genotypically different recombinants. We hypothesized that the selection of copackaged RNA partners is largely determined by Watson-Crick pairing at the dimer initiation signal (DIS), a 6-nucleotide palindromic sequence at the terminal loop of stem-loop 1 (SL1). To test our hypothesis, we examined whether heterozygous virion formation could be encouraged by manipulation of the DIS. Three pairs of viruses were generated with compensatory DIS mutations, designed so that perfect DIS base pairing could only occur between RNAs derived from different viruses, not between RNAs from the same virus. We observed that vector pairs with compensatory DIS mutations had an almost twofold increase in recombination rates compared with wild-type viruses. These data suggest that heterozygous virion formation was enhanced in viruses with compensatory DIS mutations (from 50% to more than 90% in some viral pairings). The role of the SL1 stem in heterozygous virion formation was also tested; our results indicated that the intermolecular base pairing of the stem sequences does not affect RNA partner selection. In summary, our results demonstrate that the Watson-Crick pairing of the DIS is a major determinant in the selection of the copackaged RNA partner, and altering the base pairing of the DIS can change the proportion of heterozygous viruses in a viral population. These results also strongly support the hypothesis that HIV-1 RNA dimers are formed prior to encapsidation.
EVOLUÇÃO HISTOPATÓLOGICA EM BRÂNQUIAS DE TAINHAS Mugil liza EXPOSTAS À BANHOS TERAPÊUTICOS COM FORMALINA

A formalina e eficaz na eliminacao de ectoparasitos de peixes e sua utilizacao ainda e discutida devido as alteracoes histologicas ocasionadas nas brânquias. Em tainhas, Mugil liza , a formalina e capaz de eliminar Monogenoidea, porem podem ocorrer lesoes histologicas. Esse estudo testou concentracoes de formalina consideradas eficazes na eliminacao de ectoparasitos (60, 90, 120 e 150 mg/L de formalina a 37% e um controle) para observar a ocorrencia de alteracoes histologicas. Juvenis de tainhas foram obtidos da natureza e, apos aclimatacao, foram submetidos a banhos de uma hora com as concentracoes de formalina descritas acima. Apos os banhos, os peixes foram mantidos durante duas semanas (experimento I) e quatro semanas (experimento II) em 15 tanques (3 replicas por tratamento) de 12 L com agua com salinidade e parâmetros controlados. Amostras foram retiradas antes do tratamento (n=5) e 24 hs, 1, 2, 3 e 4 semanas apos os banhos (n= 9 por tratamento). Apos preparacao histologica das amostras de brânquias, foi observado que todos os animais tratados apresentaram alguma alteracao histologica, assim como os animais do controle e da aclimatacao. As lesoes encontradas nos peixes tratados foram relacionadas com o uso de formalina. Observaram-se hiperplasia (leve a grave), telangiectasia, desprendimento do epitelio respiratorio e necrose. As lesoes agravaram-se ao longo do tempo e com o aumento das concentracoes durante os dois experimentos e, na terceira e quarta semanas posteriores ao banho, todos os peixes estavam parasitados por monogenoides, sugerindo uma possivel re-infestacao. A possibilidade de um segundo banho deve ser estudada entre as concentracoes de 60 e 90 mg/L de formalina na tentativa de impedir a re-infestacao e para observar se, esse tipo de medida profilatica, pode interferir na integridade e sobrevivencia dos peixes tratados.
In vitro and in vivo investigation of low molecular weight heparin–alginate beads for oral administration

Abstract Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and standard heparin are widely used anticoagulants. However, they have very poor oral bioavailability and have to be administered by the parenteral route. Alginates are biodegradable, biocompatible and mucoadhesive polymers which can be used for advantage for the oral administration of LMWH. The aim of the study was to develop LMWH–alginate beads for oral delivery. Alginate beads were prepared based on the 23 factorial design. In vitro characterization studies of the beads were carried out. In vivo studies were performed on rabbits. The LMWH solutions (5000 IU/kg, with and without 5% dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin), as well as the LMWH–alginate beads were administered to rabbits. The IV solution was also administered (100 IU/kg). The anti-Xa activity was measured in plasma. Area under curve (AUC) and Cmax values were determined. Histological investigations were also carried out. The formulation consisting of a 1:2 drug/alginate ratio and cured using 0.5 M CaCl2 for 15 min gave the best result in terms of encapsulation efficiency and the time for 50% of the drug to be released (t50%). A significantly higher bioavailability was observed for LMWH–alginate beads than for LMWH solutions. It was concluded that, anticoagulant effectiveness was achieved using alginate beads containing LMWH after oral administration to the rabbits.
The three-dimensional parametric design of motor based on visual basic

With the rapid development of science and technology and increasingly competitive global market, the speed of products replacement is being accelerated and customers' demands for the products become more diversified. Parametric Design of computer technology is the necessary measures which meet the demand of products diversification. What the designers need to do is just to make some changes in the design of different sizes of the same series on the basis of the similar design. Through the feature size of these parts are changed visually and rapidly, the three-dimensional part models of new products can generate. And then we can get the three-dimensional assembly models of new products by re-assembly. In addition, although a motor is taken as an example in this paper, the research method is also applicable to standard parts and other mechanical products with serial production.
Low extraversion and high neuroticism as indices of genetic and environmental risk for social phobia, agoraphobia, and animal phobia.

OBJECTIVE The authors examined the extent to which two major personality dimensions (extraversion and neuroticism) index the genetic and environmental risk for three phobias (social phobia, agoraphobia, and animal phobia) in twins ascertained from a large, population-based registry. METHOD Lifetime phobias and personality traits were assessed through diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaire, respectively, in 7,800 twins from female-female, male-male, and opposite-sex pairs. Sex-limited trivariate Cholesky structural equation models were used to decompose the correlations among extraversion, neuroticism, and each phobia. RESULTS In the best-fitting models, genetic correlations were moderate and negative between extraversion and both social phobia and agoraphobia, and that between extraversion and animal phobia was effectively zero. Genetic correlations were high and positive between neuroticism and both social phobia and agoraphobia, and that between neuroticism and animal phobia was moderate. All of the genetic risk factors for social phobia and agoraphobia were shared with those that influence extraversion and neuroticism; in contrast, only a small proportion of the genetic risk factors for animal phobia (16%) was shared with those that influence personality. Shared environmental experiences were not a source of correlations between personality traits and phobias, and unique environmental correlations were relatively modest. CONCLUSION Genetic factors that influence individual variation in extraversion and neuroticism appear to account entirely for the genetic liability to social phobia and agoraphobia, but not animal phobia. These findings underline the importance of both introversion (low extraversion) and neuroticism in some psychiatric disorders.
Population‐based genetic carrier screening for cystic fibrosis in Victoria

205 MJA 200 (4) · 3 March 2014 Population-based genetic carrier screening for cystic fibrosis in Victoria TO THE EDITOR: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common inherited lifeshortening condition affecting Australian children, with a carrier frequency of 1 in 25. Most children with CF (94%) have no family history of the condition.1 The Human Genetics Society of Australasia recommends that couples planning or in the early stages of pregnancy be made aware of the availability of CF carrier screening.2 In Victoria, since 2006, CF carrier screening has been available to individuals and couples as a fee-for-service program.3 The program initially screened for 12 mutations (2006–2012) and now screens for 38 mutations (2012– 2013) at a cost of $150 per patient. The program was established through collaboration between Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, the CF clinic at the Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne, obstetricians and Cystic Fibrosis Victoria. Over the past 7 years, the program has screened 10 489 individuals with no family history of CF, with 320 (3.05%; 1 in 33) found to be CF carriers. Of these, 267 (83.4%) were carriers of the common mutation p.F508del. Fifteen carrier couples were identified (four couples with non-p.F508del mutations). Eleven carrier couples were pregnant at the time of screening and nine had prenatal diagnosis (three affected, four carrier and two non-carrier fetuses). All three couples with affected pregnancies chose termination. All carrier couples who had subsequent pregnancies chose prenatal diagnosis or preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Only one child with CF has been born to a mother who screened as low risk. The child had paternal uniparental disomy for a CFTR mutation, an extremely rare cause of CF that cannot be predicted by screening of parents. We have demonstrated that carrier screening for CF can be undertaken successfully before or in the early stages of pregnancy. The use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for subsequent pregnancies emphasises the need to offer carrier screening before pregnancy, when more reproductive options are available. Although it is not possible to ascertain the uptake of testing, significant barriers include cost and lack of knowledge and awareness.4 Government funding of CF carrier screening is essential in making screening broadly accessible. Professional and community education will be instrumental in raising awareness about the availability of carrier screening, particularly given that advances in genetic testing mean that carrier screening panels for multiple genetic conditions are now available.
Speculative pragmatism and intimate arrangements: online hook-up devices in gay life

This paper considers how certain functions of online hook-up devices are participating in the emergence of new forms of sexual relation, new distributions of intimacy and new sexual arrangements. Though not without precedent, it argues that online hook-up devices generally act in gay culture as ‘framing devices’, framing sex as a ‘no-strings’ encounter via their default application. These frames are variously rejected, reconfigured, re-embedded or confounded by participants; they become subject to various forms of overflowing. Understanding this dynamic, its typical forms of connection and estrangement, is pivotal for grasping the emergence of new forms of sexual community and new sexual publics among gay men – and/or ‘un-community’, as some have put it. My analysis prompts a series of methodological reflections wrought from the encounter it stages between queer theory and Science and Technology Studies. At a time when marriage and monogamy are increasingly monopolising the public discourse of gay life, digital devices are affording novel ways of arranging sex, intimacy and sexual community, with their own qualities and limitations.
[Association of miRNAs expression profiles with prognosis and relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

OBJECTIVE To screen childhood ALL related microRNAs (miRNAs), analyze association of miRNAs expression profiles with prognosis and relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and explore new indicator for predicting relapse and prognosis. METHODS miRNAs expression profile was analyzed by gene chip in 49 newly diagnosed childhood ALL and 12 primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) cases (as control group). Abnormal expression of miRNAs was verified by qRT-PCR. The correlation of miRNAs expression pattern with indicators predicting early prednisone response and relapse within a year was analyzed. RESULTS Specific expression of miRNAs profiles associated with prednisone response and early relapse in childhood ALL was identified. Eight miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-532, miR-218, miR-625, miR-193a, miR-638, miR-550 and miR-633) could distinguish prednisone sensitive from insensitive. The early relapse of newly diagnosed patients with either high-risk or non-high-risk clinical types had some characteristics of abnormal expression of miRNAs, including miR-7, miR-216 and let-7i upregulated, while miR-486, miR-191, miR-150, miR-487 and miR-342 downregulated. CONCLUSIONS The initial screening reveals miRNAs differentially expressed from normal in ALL suggesting the potential roles of them in leukemogenesis. MiRNAs expression signatures may be useful for predicting prognosis and relapse in childhood ALL and directing personalized treatment.
Identification of a site in glutamate receptor subunits that controls calcium permeability

The neurotransmitter glutamate mediates excitatory synaptic transmission throughout the brain. A family of genes encoding subunits of the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) type of glutamate receptor has been cloned. Some combinations of these subunits assemble into receptors with a substantial permeability to calcium, whereas others do not. To investigate the structural features that control ion permeation through these ligand-gated channels, mutant receptor subunits with single-amino acid changes were constructed. Mutation of a certain amino acid that results in a net charge change (from glutamine to arginine or vice versa) alters both the current-voltage relation and the calcium permeability of non-NMDA receptors. A site has thus been identified that regulates the permeation properties of these glutamate receptors.
Modified virtual space vector based DC-bus voltage balancing for three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) traction inverter drive

A modified virtual space vector based DC-link voltage balancing strategy is proposed in this paper. The summation of the three phase currents for the virtual vector needs not to be zero and it also keeps the two capacitor voltages balanced over a wider range of load variations. The duty cycles for all the power switches are also derived in this paper. Due to the reduced use of medium voltage vectors the proposed control strategy can considerably decrease the neutral point voltage fluctuation for lower power factor based loads as well. Detailed simulation and experimental studies are also carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed system with a DC-link voltage balancing strategy. Voltage and current harmonic distortions are also presented with change in modulation index. A Dspace® based real time operating system is used experimental validation with a 6.0 kW surface PMSM.
Erythrocyte Sodium-Lithium Countertransport Activity as a Marker of Predisposition to Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy in NIDDM

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potentiality of erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity (SLC) as a marker of predisposition to hypertension and diabetic nephropathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined 96 patients with NIDDM and 26 healthy control subjects. SLC and other data were compared among subgroups of the patients classified on the basis of hypertension, family history of hypertension, and stages of nephropathy. Data were also analyzed by stepwise multiple regression analyses. RESULTS SLC was significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in those with normotension and significantly higher in patients with a positive family history of hypertension than in the negative group. Further analysis revealed that a family history of hypertension has independent influence on SLC, but hypertension itself does not. SLC was significantly higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than with microalbuminuria and higher in patients with microalbuminuria than with nor-moalbuminuria. In stepwise multiple regression analyses, a family history of hypertension was the most important determinant of SLC, and SLC was the most important determinant of nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that SLC strongly reflects a predisposition to hypertension and that it can be a useful marker of diabetic nephropathy in NIDDM.
Corrección Semi-Automática de Programas Java

La evaluacion es una parte fundamental de la ensenanza. Permite tanto a los estudiantes como a los profesores medir el grado de exito obtenido en el proceso de aprendizaje. De hecho, la evaluacion no deberia usarse solo para puntuar, sino que debe ser parte integral de la educacion, y proporcionar a los alumnos retroalimentacion inmediata. Obviamente, la evaluacion debe ser objetiva y justa, y tratar a todos los alumnos por igual. Esto ocurre, p.e. , en examenes de respuesta multiple, pero, desafortunadamente, no esta asegurado en la evaluacion de codigo programado por alumnos, puesto que su correccion es todavia un proceso manual y propenso a errores e interpretaciones. En este articulo proponemos un sistema semi-automatico de evaluacion de codigo que utiliza tecnicas de caja negra (basadas en output-comparison) y tecnicas de caja blanca (que observan las propiedades internas del codigo). El metodo propuesto incluye nuevas ideas y tecnicas que le permiten evaluar incluso codigo que no compila.
Nursing Care Management at a Shelter‐Based Clinic: An Innovative Model for Care

Purpose/objectives (1) Describe the nurse care manager role at a shelter-based clinic for women and children who have experienced domestic violence (DV). (2) Develop an innovative model for nursing care management in this unique setting and discuss implications for its implementation in other shelter-based clinics. (3) Provide historical benchmarking data on the use of health-related community resources and common barriers to obtaining these services among women and children following a nurse care management intervention. Primary practice setting A clinic-based, nurse care management model was developed and implemented at a not-for-profit emergency residential shelter for women and children who have experienced DV. However, DV victims do not just appear in the community: nurse case managers encounter DV in every healthcare setting from hospitals to physician offices/clinics. Findings/conclusions A shelter-based clinic is a safe, confidential, and easily accessible place for women and children victimized by DV to receive immediate care and ongoing assistance for health-related needs. The nurse care manager, who practices in this setting and utilizes motivational interviewing techniques, has a unique opportunity to empower and support women to make informed decisions regarding the health and well-being of themselves and their children. Implications for case management practice Provision of nursing care management services in a shelter-based clinic is an innovative approach to improving outcomes and reducing the burden of suffering among women and children who leave abusive situations. The nurse care manager role and, specifically, the model of care described in this project, which includes motivational interviewing techniques, may be generalized to other shelter-type settings to promote sustained, healthy lifestyle practices for victims of DV. Benchmarks developed in this study serve as an initial approach to evaluating outcomes when applying this nursing care management model in practice. Future studies on the effectiveness of this approach among victims of DV are warranted.