Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic communication at the organizational frontline : Towards a better understanding of employees as communicators

The idea of employees as important (strategic) communicators has emerged in both strategic communication theory and practice during the 21st century. Researchers increasingly urge managers to consider employees as important communicators, and employees’ communication role is increasingly formalized as organizations explicate the importance of all employees taking responsibility for communication in strategies and policies. However, while researchers and practitioners agree on the importance of employees’ communication role, the understanding of it is still heavily influenced by idealistic thinking of employees as organizational embodiments of a management driven idea of what the organization is.This thesis problematizes this idea and aims to contribute knowledge to improve and broaden our understanding of employees as communicators by empirically investigating the employee communication role and communication responsibility. Article one and article two investigate how the employee communication role has emerged. These articles contribute a more profound understanding of the emergence of the phenomenon. Article three introduces the concept employee communication responsibility and investigates factors influencing employees’ predisposition towards taking communication responsibility. Article four investigates how employees relate to and experience ambassadorship to contribute a more profound understanding of theemployee communication role from an employee-perspective. Finally, article five investigates the employees’ communicative practice through which they accomplish a collective enactment of the organization in interactions with external stakeholders.The thesis provides a more profound understanding of employees as communicators by investigating: 1) why the employee communication role and communication responsibility are increasingly emphasized and explicated by organizations, 2) which internal communication-factors influence employees’ predisposition towards taking communication responsibility and thereby enacting the various communication roles, employees’ attitudes towards communication, and 3) their experience of the communication role and their enactment of it. Through explicating the phenomenon, the knowledge contributes to challenge widespread idealistic thinking of employees’ communication role by improving and broadening our understanding of it, as well as its more problematic consequences. (Less)
Coordination and collaboration for humanitarian operational excellence: big data and modern information processing systems

Abstract Humanitarian operational excellence depends on effective coordination and collaboration not only between supply chain partners but also among other actors such as host government, local and international non-government organisations (NGOs), and donors. Importantly, effective coordination and collaboration are facilitated by big data and modern information processing (BDMIP) systems that are complex and interlocked with contemporary information and communication technology (ICT). This study simplifies BDMIP systems by using a comprehensive methodology (literature review and a multi-criteria decision-making approach, called the analytic network process) and explores its key determinants and other interconnected factors. The data were collected from humanitarian managers, working in horizontally (e.g. governments, local and international humanitarian organisations) and vertically (e.g. supply chain partners) collaborated organisations. Three systems (manual, semi-automated, and fully automated) are investigated, which depend on various determinants for operational excellence interlinked with modern big data technology and its components. The results indicate that dynamic compatibility is the most important determinant for such systems to support operational excellence, followed by real-time response, cost, end-to-end visibility, and operational service quality. The implementation of fully automated systems is less cost-effective. This attributes to contemporary dimensions and enablers (e.g. the internet of things, big data collection and analytics, effective data and information sharing, modern unmanned aerial vehicles (called drones), skills for mining structured and unstructured data, among others). Semi-automated systems are also imperative for certain enablers (e.g. data accuracy, data reliability, and personalised data exchange). This study concludes by discussing these findings and their implications for practitioners; how they can combine these technical and operational foundations to execute humanitarian operational excellence and to build effective coordination and collaboration among involved parties. It further provides suggestions for future research.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of PromptPay among Online Micro-retailers in Thailand

Anticipating dramatic growth in the country’s e-commerce market, Thailand’s government initiated the PromptPay system for online retailers. However, many consumers have not yet signed up for the service, and small vendors tend not offer PromptPay as a payment option. This study aimed to understand the factors that affect online retailers’ intention to utilize PromptPay when selling their products on social media. An online questionnaire was used to collect data for quantitative analysis from 247 respondents who were individual merchants selling products or services on social media. The results showed that although use of online payment systems was universal among the respondents, most used direct money transfers, and only 18% of participants used PromptPay. Security, effort expectation, and social influence have a statistically significant influence on the intention to use PromptPay, whereas privacy and performance are not significant factors. These findings could particularly inform efforts by Thailand’s government and banks to ensure that online retailers feel confident adapting this service into their payment systems.
SPINAL CORD SEGMENTATION AS OAR IN PLANNING CT FOR RADIOTHERAPY USING HISTOGRAM MATCHING, TEMPLATE MATCHING, AND U-NET

Radiotherapy is one of the major option used in cancer management. The treatment involves several steps, one of which is the construction of a computed tomography (CT) model of the patient so that the target tissues and organs at risk (OARs) surrounding that target can be evaluated. With the CT, the responsible physician delimits the OARs slice by slice, as the spinal cord that comprises almost all the tomography becomes more tiring to be segmented and thus susceptible to errors. Thus, this paper presents a method of spinal cord segmentation in planning CT for radiotherapy using template matching, histogram matching and a fully convolutional neural network. The result achieved an accuracy of 99.38\%, specificity of 99.12\%, sensitivity of 93.83\%, and dice index of 81.33\%, without any segmentation refinement
11. Multilevel Governance

This chapter examines multilevel governance, the dispersion of authority to jurisdictions within and beyond national states. It summarizes the tremendous growth of multilevel governance since World War II, and reviews the major theories that seek to explain this. Whereas economists and public policy analysts explain multilevel governance as a functionalist adaptation to the provision of public goods, sociologists and political scientists focus on the effects of territorial identity and distributional conflict. These approaches complement each other, and today researchers draw on them to explain variation over time and across space. The chapter concludes by discussing three topics that have been affected by multilevel governance: democratic representation, ethno-territorial conflict, and social policy.
Modelling the transfer of pesticide transformation products from agricultural fields to the aquatic environment – state of knowledge and future challenges

<p>Transformation products (TP) of pesticides are found everywhere in the aquatic environment. Their dynamic formation and subsequent transport from agricultural fields to adjacent water bodies can be estimated by using environmental fate models, which is done e.g. in the registration process for plant protection products in the European Union. In this study, an overview of models, transformation simulation concepts and model applications for TP estimation including leaching and catchment scale models is given. The review is restricted to models which were tested against field data in peer-reviewed publications. The models included in this review are GLEAMS, MACRO, RZWQM(2), PEARL, PRZM, Pelmo, LEACHM, HYDRUS 1-D, ZIN-AgriTra and the Field Release Model (FRM). </p><p>Investigating model structures revealed, that six transformation schemes, i.e. possible transformation pathways, are implemented in the models. Only one of the reviewed models, PELMO, uses a completely flexible scheme. In all other models, pathways are restricted. An assessment of model complexity, including hydrological processes and transformation-affecting processes, resulted in PELMO having the highest transformation but the least hydrological complexity among leaching models. RZWQM is the leaching model with the highest hydrological complexity and ranks second in transformation processes. Among the three catchment scale models, ZIN-AgriTra ranks highest in both, hydrological and transformation complexity. </p><p>Even though the number of publications of TP model applications is rather low, the number of leaching models is adequate (eight models). At the catchment scale, however, only two models with proven applications exist in the literature. A spatio-temporal analysis of all models revealed a gap in catchment and regional-scale models with a daily or lower temporal resolution. Thus, well-developed and applied catchment-scale models should be extended by a TP module. This would enable scientists and authorities to estimate TP concentrations or to analyse the environmental fate of TPs at the larger catchment scale. At the same time, the fate processes in models should be updated to reflect the current state of knowledge, especially more flexible transformation schemes and the formation of TPs in different compartments (i.e. plant, soil, water). The integration of pathway prediction models such as the University of Minnesota Pathway Prediction System could enhance the assessment of the large number of pesticide TPs in the aquatic environment. </p>
Cycle Fusion Network for Multi-Person Pose Estimation

Multi-person pose estimation has been largely improved with the development of convolutional neural network, which however remains a challenging task in computer vision. The challenge is particularly pronounced in high flexibility of occlusion, camera angles, imaging-caused body limbs. Existing methods are mostly based on networks with deep architectures, which are capable of inferring the semantic labels with high accuracy while suffering from positioning accuracy degeneration caused by the loss of the spatial information. To address these problems, we present a novel network called cycle fusion network to improve the pose estimation accuracy in multi-person environments. The cycle fusion network has a two-stage structure. In the first stage, a cycle-path feature fusion is used to increase the semantic information for low level layers and the spatial information for high level layers respectively. In the second stage, a cross-scale feature fusion is used for refining the positions of keypoints. Equipped together with RFB module and multi-level supervision, the proposed method has shown the state-of-the-art performance on the large-scale MS COCO benchmark with extensive experiments.
Size of home range of Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during breeding season assessed by radio-telemetry in the Jizera Mountains, Czechia

Abstract Animal home ranges are typically characterized by their size, shape and a given time interval and can be affected by many different biotic and abiotic factors. Understanding of animal movements and assessing the size of their home ranges are essential topics in ecology and necessary for effective species protection, especially concerning birds of prey. Using radio-telemetry (VHF; 2.1 g tail-mounted tags) we studied the movements of two Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during the breeding season 2008 in a mountain area of Central Europe (the Czech Republic, the Jizera Mountains: 50˚ 50’ N, 15˚ 16’ E). We determined their average nocturnal hunting and diurnal roosting home range sizes. The mean hunting home range size calculated according to the 90% fixed kernel density estimator was 251.1 ± 43.2 ha (± SD). The mean roosting home range size calculated according to the 100% minimum convex polygon method was 57.9 ± 15.8 ha (± SD). The sizes of hunting home ranges during breeding in this study coincide with those previously reported by other studies focusing on Tengmalm’s owl males. However, we found the roosting home ranges were smaller in size compared to those previously reported. This result was most probably connected with different habitat structure in our study area, which was severally damaged by air-pollution in the past, thus probably offering fewer suitable hiding-places, for instance from predators. We found the roosting locations were concentrated in the oldest and densest Norway spruce forest patches. We emphasize that these parts of forest stands require the highest possible protection in our study area.
Unleashing floret fertility by a mutated homeobox gene improved grain yield during wheat evolution under domestication

Floret fertility is a key trait to determine the number of grains per inflorescence in cereals. During wheat (Triticum sp.) evolution, floret fertility has been increased and current bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) produces three to five grains per spikelet; however, little is known about the genetic basis controlling floret fertility. Here we identify the quantitative trait locus Grain Number Increase 1 (GNI1), encoding a homeodomain leucine zipper class I (HD-Zip I) transcription factor. GNI1 evolved in the Triticeae through gene duplication and functionalization. GNI1 was predominantly expressed in the most apical floret primordia and parts of the rachilla, suggesting that GNI1 inhibits rachilla growth and development. GNI1 expression decreased during wheat evolution, and as a consequence, more fertile florets and grains per spikelet are being produced. Genetic analysis revealed that the reduced-function allele of GNI1-A contributes to increase the number of fertile florets per spikelet. The knockdown of GNI1 in transgenic hexaploid wheat improved fertile floret and grain number. Furthermore, wheat plants carrying the impaired allele increased grain yield under field conditions. Our findings illuminate that gene duplication and functionalization generated evolutionary novelty for floret fertility (i.e. reducing floral numbers) while the mutations towards increased grain production were under selection during wheat evolution under domestication. Significance Statement Grain number is a fundamental trait for cereal grain yield; but its underlying genetic basis is mainly unknown in wheat. Here we show for the first time a direct link between increased floret fertility, higher grain number per spike and higher plot-yields of wheat in the field. We have identified GNI1 gene encoding an HD-Zip I transcription factor responsible for increased floret fertility. The wild type allele imposes an inhibitory role specifically during rachilla development, indicating that expression of this protein actively shuts-down grain yield potential; whereas, the reduced-function allele enables more florets and grains to be produced. GNI1 evolved through gene duplication in Triticeae and its mutations were under parallel human selection during wheat and barley evolution under domestication.
Diffusion and Characterization of Doped Patterns in Silicon from Prepatterned Boron- and Phosphorus-Doped Silicate Glasses

In this work plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD) technology was used to deposit boron-doped silicate glasses (BSG) and phosphorus-doped silicate glasses (PSG) as solid diffusion sources with the goal of implementing locally doped p + - and n + -areas into monocrystalline silicon. For this purpose, several process sequences were carried out to pattern these layers before the diffusion step in a tube furnace using a wet chemical etch process in combination with an inkjet printed etch resist. The evaluated technology leads to a locally doped area on the wafer surface with a minimum feature size of approximately 100 µm. Boron-doped p + -areas in silicon with a sheet resistance of less than 25 Ω/sq (boron surface concentration NA>10 19 cm -3 ) were achieved from BSG and phosphorus-doped n + -areas with a sheet resistance of less than 10 Ω/sq (phosphorus surface concentration ND>10 20 cm -3 ) from PSG. An excellent electrical contacting behavior of physical vapor deposited aluminum to both doping types could be reached. Specific contact resistivities were measured to be below 5 mΩcm 2 . This work
Expression of Circulating Microparticles for the Diagnosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinicopathological Correlations and Prognostic Value

Increased values of circulating microparticles (MPs) have been reported in solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We therefore investigated the utility of baseline MPs in the clinical setting of patients with NSCLC. Quantification of MPs in the plasma was performed by flowcytometry. Baseline MP values were correlated with clinical patients' characteristics, estimated tumor volume (ETV) and treatment response. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were plotted to discriminate between patients and controls in order to determine the diagnostic value of circulating MPs in NSCLC. Our prospective study included 134 NSCLC patients (98 at initial diagnosis, ID and 36 at relapse, R) and 30 healthy individuals. The mean of baseline MP numbers was significantly higher in patients presented either at ID or R than in controls (p<0.0001). Basal MP numbers were inversely correlated with ETV values (p=0.04). In addition, the difference in MP levels at diagnosis was significant according to tumor histology (p=0.02) and primary tumor size (p=0.0007). Using ROC analysis, the optimal cutoff value for baseline MPs was 1307 events/µL with a sensitivity and a specificity of 67.3% and 90.0%, respectively. High MPs expression was significantly associated with low-level smoking degree (p=0.001), non-squamous cell types (p=0.017) and decreased tumor size (p=0.003). Our results suggest that high baseline MP values could be an indicator of tumor growth inhibition in NSSLC. Furthermore, high expression of circulating MPs at diagnosis might predict good prognosis in NSCLC patients.
An Exploration of Teaching Class of Mixed Ability

There has been a long time of debate between the two teaching approaches of homogenous grouping and heterogeneous grouping. Here in the essay, we explored both of the two teaching approaches in Yunnan Province of China whereas the puzzle lies in the question of which method can achieve a relatively-better result in English classes of Yunnan. Some possible solutions are promoted based on the data and analysis collected from a survey.
What Is the Sweetest UPR Flavor for the β-cell? That Is the Question

Unfolded protein response (UPR) is a process conserved from yeasts to mammals and, based on the generally accepted dogma, helps the secretory performance of a cell, by improving its capacity to cope with a burden in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER of β-cells, “professional secretory cells”, has to manage tremendous amounts of insulin, which elicits a strong pressure on the ER intrinsic folding capacity. Thus, the constant demand for insulin production results in misfolded proinsulin, triggering a physiological upregulation of UPR to restore homeostasis. Most diabetic disorders are characterized by the loss of functional β-cells, and the pathological side of UPR plays an instrumental role. The transition from a homeostatic to a pathological UPR that ultimately leads to insulin-producing β-cell decay entails complex cellular processes and molecular mechanisms which remain poorly described so far. Here, we summarize important processes that are coupled with or driven by UPR in β-cells, such as proliferation, inflammation and dedifferentiation. We conclude that the UPR comes in different “flavors” and each of them is correlated with a specific outcome for the cell, for survival, differentiation, proliferation as well as cell death. All these greatly depend on the way UPR is triggered, however what exactly is the switch that favors the activation of one UPR as opposed to others is largely unknown. Substantial work needs to be done to progress the knowledge in this important emerging field as this will help in the development of novel and more efficient therapies for diabetes.
Concentration of harmful gases in poultry and pig houses.

-3 , but not simultaneously to the growth of body weight as in chickens. They also varied depending on ventilation rate, but differences in that parameter between the colder and warmer periods were not found sinificant. The mean daily production of CO 2 ranged from 975.36 to 9948.78 mg.m-3, N 2 O from 1.08 to 6.39, and CH 4 from 33.51 to 189.63, without any significant differences between periods and with no relation to age and weight of animals. Significant positive correlations in chicken broilers were found between the production of ammonia and litter temperature and in cold periods also with ventilation rate. In fattening pigs higher correlations related to methane production were found only.
LEGAL DIMENSION OF CHILD MARRIAGES IN TURKEY: COMPARED WITH THE EASTERN EUROPE AND MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES

Child marriage is defined as a marriage before the age of 18. In many countries, a significant number of girls still marry before the age of 18. The country governments and international communities are increasingly aware of the negative impacts of child marriages, but the actions to end the practice is still limited. Child marriage threatens particularly girls’ lives and health, and it limits their future prospects. Early marriages are not considered as a "problem" by the majority of the society where as it is a phenomenon that has been existing for long years in our country. It is observed that one of the most important sources of legitimacy of marriage is public accord and these marriages are realized mostly in the framework of this accord. Patriarchal and traditional social structure have unfortunately normalized and legitimized early marriages. It is necessary to hold meetings to create and develop awareness for implementation of Turkish Civil Code, Turkish Penal Code and Law on Protection of Minors. It will be therefore possible to ensure that children, families and people understand what kind of problems and penal responsibilities that early marriage of children constitutes Child marriage is a problem that prevents the exercise of human rights, undermines the status of women and deprive child from their main rights including especially the education. Their marriages are a field that must be struggled with in Turkey targeting social gender equality.