Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A scaling principle for the dynamics of density fluctuations in atomic liquids

On the basis of the fully renormalized kinetic theory of equilibrium classical atomic fluids, we conjecture that different fluids with very different interatomic potentials might have very similar dynamical density fluctuations if they have similar static pair correlation functions. Molecular dynamics simulations are presented that provide support for this conjecture. This suggests that in order to understand how the interatomic potential of a liquid determines its dynamical properties, it is worthwhile focussing separately on the two questions of how the potential affects the pair correlation function and how the pair correlation function affects the dynamics.
Comparison of Supercritical Fluid and Solvent Extraction of Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium)

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) analyses are used to show that supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide is an effective means of extracting a range of components from feverfew samples. It was found that the specific compositions of solvent extracts and SFE extracts are different. The amounts of the presumed active ingredient parthenolide have been confirmed to be very variable. Feverfew seeds were particularly rich in parthenolide, while dried powdered samples contained less and, in one case, none at all. The tunability of SFE has been demonstrated, and it was shown that successive extractions at 100 and 200 atm separate the extracted components into two mutually exclusive groups, with important implications for simplifying subsequent analyses.
The Submillimeter Array 1.3 mm line survey of Arp 220

Context. Though Arp 220 is the closest and by far the most studied ULIRG, a discussion is still ongoing on the main power source driving its huge infrared luminosity. Aims. To study the molecular composition of Arp 220 in order to find chemical fingerprints associated with the main heating mechanisms within its nuclear region. Methods. We present the first aperture synthesis unbiased spectral line survey toward an extragalactic object. The survey covered the 40 GHz frequency range between 202 and 242 GHz of the 1.3 mm atmospheric window. Results. We find that 80% of the observed band shows molecular emission, with 73 features identified from 15 molecular species and 6 isotopologues. The C-13 isotopic substitutions of HC3N and transitions from (H2O)-O-18, (SiO)-Si-29, and CH2CO are detected for the first time outside the Galaxy. No hydrogen recombination lines have been detected in the 40 GHz window covered. The emission feature at the transition frequency of H31 alpha line is identified to be an HC3N molecular line, challenging the previous detections reported at this frequency. Within the broad observed band, we estimate that 28% of the total measured flux is due to the molecular line contribution, with CO only contributing 9% to the overall flux. We present maps of the CO emission at a resolution of 2.9 '' x 1.9 '' which, though not enough to resolve the two nuclei, recover all the single-dish flux. The 40 GHz spectral scan has been modelled assuming LTE conditions and abundances are derived for all identified species. Conclusions. The chemical composition of Arp 220 shows no clear evidence of an AGN impact on the molecular emission but seems indicative of a purely starburst-heated ISM. The overabundance of H2S and the low isotopic ratios observed suggest a chemically enriched environment by consecutive bursts of star formation, with an ongoing burst at an early evolutionary stage. The large abundance of water (similar to 10(-5)), derived from the isotopologue (H2O)-O-18, as well as the vibrationally excited emission from HC3N and CH3CN are claimed to be evidence of massive star forming regions within Arp 220. Moreover, the observations put strong constraints on the compactness of the starburst event in Arp 220. We estimate that such emission would require similar to 2-8 x 10(6) hot cores, similar to those found in the Sgr B2 region in the Galactic center, concentrated within the central 700 pc of Arp 220.
A Map Reduce Methodology based Novel Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization Clustering Algorithm

Over the most recent couple of decades overseeing huge information has turned out to be testing assignment on account of the expanding volume and many-sided quality of the information being made or gathered. The issue here is the means by which to viably oversee and investigate the information and coming about data. The arrangement requires an extensive approach that contains every one of the phases from the underlying information accumulation to its last analysis.Traditional grouping methods don't address every one of the prerequisites satisfactorily. The new methods need to make utilization of practically equivalent to registering ideas keeping in mind the end goal to have the capacity to scale with rising informational collection sizes. In this paper, we suggest a parallel molecule swarm streamlining bunching (MRCPSO) calculation that depends on MapReduce. The test comes about demonstrates The proposed framework is versatile in preparing extensive information on item equipment. Expanding informational collection sizes and accomplishes a near the direct speedup while keeping up the grouping quality.
Multiple Yap1p-binding Sites Mediate Induction of the Yeast Major Facilitator FLR1 Gene in Response to Drugs, Oxidants, and Alkylating Agents*

The bZip transcription factor Yap1p plays an important role in oxidative stress response and multidrug resistance inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. We have previously demonstrated that the FLR1 gene, encoding a multidrug transporter of the major facilitator superfamily, is a transcriptional target of Yap1p. The FLR1 promoter contains three potential Yap1p response elements (YREs) at positions −148 (YRE1), −167 (YRE2), and −364 (YRE3). To address the function of these YREs, the three sites have been individually mutated and tested in transactivation assays. Our results show that (i) each of the three YREs is functional and important for the optimal transactivation of FLR1 by Yap1p and that (ii) the three YREs are not functionally equivalent, mutation of YRE3 being the most deleterious, followed by YRE2 and YRE1. Simultaneous mutation of the three YREs abolished transactivation of the promoter by Yap1p, demonstrating that the three sites are essential for the regulation of FLR1 by Yap1p. Gel retardation assays confirmed that Yap1p differentially binds to the three YREs (YRE3 > YRE2 > YRE1). We show that the transcription ofFLR1 is induced upon cell treatment with the oxidizing agents diamide, diethylmaleate, hydrogen peroxide, andtert-butyl hydroperoxide, the antimitotic drug benomyl, and the alkylating agent methylmethane sulfonate and that this induction is mediated by Yap1p through the three YREs. Finally, we show thatFLR1 overexpression confers resistance to diamide, diethylmaleate, and menadione but hypersensitivity to H2O2, demonstrating that the Flr1p transporter participates in Yap1p-mediated oxidative stress response in S. cerevisiae.
Variable structure control of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot

A variable structure controller (VSC) for a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot is proposed for tracking desired trajectories. Although the matching condition for VSC is not satisfied due to nonholonomic property of the robot having two drive wheels, the proposed algorithm guarantees bounded tracking errors by choosing the sliding surface gain properly. Yet the robot tracks its given trajectory without error if there is no initial posture and velocity errors. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
An 11-year global gridded aerosol optical thickness reanalysis (v1.0) for atmospheric and climate sciences

Abstract. While stand alone satellite and model aerosol products see wide utilization, there is a significant need in numerous atmospheric and climate applications for a fused product on a regular grid. Aerosol data assimilation is an operational reality at numerous centers, and like meteorological reanalyses, aerosol reanalyses will see significant use in the near future. Here we present a standardized 2003–2013 global 1 × 1° and 6-hourly modal aerosol optical thickness (AOT) reanalysis product. This data set can be applied to basic and applied Earth system science studies of significant aerosol events, aerosol impacts on numerical weather prediction, and electro-optical propagation and sensor performance, among other uses. This paper describes the science of how to develop and score an aerosol reanalysis product. This reanalysis utilizes a modified Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) at its core and assimilates quality controlled retrievals of AOT from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua and the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) on Terra. The aerosol source functions, including dust and smoke, were regionally tuned to obtain the best match between the model fine- and coarse-mode AOTs and the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOTs. Other model processes, including deposition, were tuned to minimize the AOT difference between the model and satellite AOT. Aerosol wet deposition in the tropics is driven with satellite-retrieved precipitation, rather than the model field. The final reanalyzed fine- and coarse-mode AOT at 550 nm is shown to have good agreement with AERONET observations, with global mean root mean square error around 0.1 for both fine- and coarse-mode AOTs. This paper includes a discussion of issues particular to aerosol reanalyses that make them distinct from standard meteorological reanalyses, considerations for extending such a reanalysis outside of the NASA A-Train era, and examples of how the aerosol reanalysis can be applied or fused with other model or remote sensing products. Finally, the reanalysis is evaluated in comparison with other available studies of aerosol trends, and the implications of this comparison are discussed.
A TAXONOMY AND COMPARISON OF HADOOP DISTRIBUTED FILE SYSTEM WITH CASSANDRA FILE SYSTEM

As we know data and information is exponentially increasing in current era therefore the technology like Hadoop, Cassandra File System, HBase etc became the hot technology and preferred choice among the IT professionals and business communities. Hadoop Distributed File System and Cassandra File System is rapidly growing and proving themselves to be cutting edge technology in dealing with huge amount of structured and unstructured data. Both HDFS and CFS are open source software which comes under umbrella of Apache. Both technologies have large customer base which is exponentially growing and have certain pros and cons . Since both the file system are very popular and extensively been used in the areas of handling big data hence it is worth to do a comparison between both the technologies and helping the intended reader in selecting appropriate file system which efficiently meets the requirement of the customer. Paper covers about HDFS and CFS and then provides the comparative analysis of features provided by both the file systems.
Multiple Metachronous Granular Cell Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract within a Single Patient: a Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Granular cell tumors are a rare form of soft tissue tumor often arising from the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head, trunk, or extremities, although they rarely may arise within the colon or gastrointestinal tract.Case Report:We present a case of a 28 year-old female who initially presented with recurrent granular cell tumors of the stomach treated with endoscopic polypectomy. She eventually developed a metachronous lesion within the ascending colon and underwent a segmental colectomy. We present her treatment course, pathological findings, and review of the literature of this unique condition.
Does Turbulent Pressure Behave as a Logatrope?

We present numerical simulations of an isothermal turbulent gas undergoing gravitational collapse, with the aim of testing for "logatropic" behavior of the form Pt ~ log ρ, where Pt is the turbulent pressure and ρ is the density. To this end, we monitor the evolution of the turbulent velocity dispersion σ as the density increases during collapse. A logatropic behavior would require σ ∝ ρ-1/2, a result that is not, however, verified in the simulations. Instead, the velocity dispersion increases with density, implying a polytropic behavior of Pt. This behavior is found both in purely hydrodynamic and in hydromagnetic runs. For purely hydrodynamic and rapidly collapsing magnetic cases, the velocity dispersion increases roughly as σ ∝ ρ1/2, implying Pt ~ ρ2, where Pt is the turbulent pressure. For slowly collapsing magnetic cases, the behavior is close to σ ∝ ρ1/4, implying Pt ~ ρ3/2. We thus suggest that the logatropic "equation of state" may represent only the statistically most probable state of an ensemble of clouds in equilibrium between self-gravity and kinetic support, but does not adequately represent the behavior of the turbulent pressure within a cloud undergoing a dynamic compression as a result of gravitational collapse. Finally, we discuss the importance of the underlying physical model of the clouds (equilibrium versus dynamic) for the results obtained.
Auditor Lobbying on Accounting Standards

We examine how Big N auditors' changing incentives impact their comment-letter lobbying on U.S. GAAP over the first thirty-four years of the FASB (1973-2006). We examine the influence of auditors' lobbying incentives arising from three basic factors: managing expected litigation and regulatory costs; catering to clients' preferences for flexibility in GAAP; and being conceptually aligned with the FASB, particularly on the use of fair values in accounting. We find evidence that auditor lobbying is driven by prevailing standards of litigation and regulatory scrutiny and by support for fair-value accounting. But we find no evidence that catering to clients' preferences for flexibility in GAAP drives auditor lobbying. Broadly, our paper offers the first large-sample descriptive analysis of the role of Big N auditors in the accounting standard-setting process.
An Efficient Adaptive Optimization Scheme

Abstract Adaptive optimization schemes based on stochastic approximation principles such as the Random Directions Kiefer-Wolfowitz (RDKW), the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA) and the Adaptive Fine-Tuning (AFT) algorithms possess the serious disadvantage of not guaranteeing efficient transient behaviour due to their requirement for using random or random-like perturbations of the current parameter vector. The use of random or random-like perturbations may lead to particularly large values of the objective function, a fact that prevents the wide application of these algorithms to controller fine-tuning and adaptive and learning control where efficient transient performance is a prerequisite; in these applications, there may be cases where a small perturbation of a “good” parameter vector may lead to an unacceptable – or, even worse, unstable – closed-loop behavior. In this paper, we introduce and analyze a new algorithm for alleviating this problem. Mathematical analysis establishes efficient transient performance and convergence of the proposed scheme under a general set of assumptions. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
An emergency alert system for elderly/special people using VANET and WBAN

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) offer a wide variety of applications for intelligent transportation. VANET facilitates the drivers by generating alerts for hazards, warning and information messages related to traffic in real time. Health monitoring is one of the advanced applications in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) for health care in hospitals and home. VANET adds the comfort of communication between medical professionals and patients by facilitating the monitoring of patient while driving. This paper proposes an application prototype that uses WBAN for patient monitoring while driving. It analysis the health-data and generates alert messages to the care taker for emergency services with location information through VANET. The objective of this work is to increase flexibility and mobility to the long term patients (diabetes, heart/Blood pressure patients etc.,), elderly and special people (deaf and mute). The designed application for emergency alert systems uses WBAN and VANET for the target group. It provides simple and easy to use application interface to the customers.
Outer boundary conditions for Einstein's field equations in harmonic coordinates

We analyze Einstein's vacuum field equations in generalized harmonic coordinates on a compact spatial domain with boundaries. We specify a class of boundary conditions, which is constraint-preserving and sufficiently general to include recent proposals for reducing the amount of spurious reflections of gravitational radiation. In particular, our class comprises the boundary conditions recently proposed by Kreiss and Winicour, a geometric modification thereof, the freezing-Ψ0 boundary condition and the hierarchy of absorbing boundary conditions introduced by Buchman and Sarbach. Using the recent technique developed by Kreiss and Winicour based on an appropriate reduction to a pseudo-differential first-order system, we prove well posedness of the resulting initial-boundary value problem in the frozen coefficient approximation. In view of the theory of pseudo-differential operators, it is expected that the full nonlinear problem is also well posed. Furthermore, we implement some of our boundary conditions numerically and study their effectiveness in a test problem consisting of a perturbed Schwarzschild black hole.
A 24 GHz, 18 dBm fully integrated power amplifier in a 0.13μm SiGe HBT technology

A 24 GHz, +18.0 dBm fully-integrated power amplifier (PA) with 50 Omega input and output matching is designed in 0.13 mum SiGe BiCMOS process. The power amplifier features a peak power gain of 7.8 dB with 15.89 dBm output power at 1 dB compression and a maximum single-ended output power of +18.0 dBm with 25.9% of power-added efficiency (PAE). The power amplifier uses a single 1.8 V supply and was fully integrated (including matching elements and bias circuit). The matching networks use inductors and MIM capacitors for high integration purpose, the circuit occupies a small area of 0.3 mm2 (including pads and matching networks).
Domain-Specific Deep Web Sources Discovery

The Web has been rapidly deepened with myriad searchable databases online, where data are hidden behind query interfaces. However, users often have difficulties in finding the right sources and then querying over them in myriad useful databases online. For solving this problem, this paper presents a new method by importing focused crawling technology to automatically accomplish deep web sources discovery. Firstly, locate Web sites for domain-specific data sources based on focused crawling. Secondly, judge whether the web site exists deep web query interface in the former three depths. Lastly, judge whether the deep Web query interface is relevant to a given topic. Importing focused crawling technology makes the identification of deep web query interface locate in a specific domain and capture relative pages to a given topic instead of pursuing high overlay ratios. This method has dramatically reduced the quantity of pages for the crawler to identify deep Web query interfaces.
High performance raised source/drain thin film transistor with field plate design

In this paper, we propose a high-performance raised source/drain polycrystalline thin film transistor with a field plate structure (FPRSD-TFT) design. The FP structure induces the change of current path to reduce the impact-ionization to improve the kink effect. This is because the current path is far away from the high electric field region. Therefore, the electric field of FPRSD can be reduced by the RSD design. Besides, the kink effect and the leakage current are simultaneously improved. Moreover, the ON/OFF current ratio of the FPRSD-TFT is also higher than that of the conventional TFT.
Industrial Wastewater Treatment by Using MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) Review Study

This study demonstrated the importance, process, activation and applications of Membrane in bioreactor to treat the waste water. Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) process consists of a biological reactor integrated with membranes that combine clarification and filtration of an activated sludge process into a simplified, single step process. Operating as an MBR allows conventional activated sludge plants to become single step processes, which produce high quality effluent potentially suitable for reuse. Application of MBR technology for industrial wastewater treatment has also gained attention because of the robustness of the process. Theoretically, maintenance of long SRT in MBR is in favor of the retention and development of special microorganisms, which may lead to better removal of refractory organic matter and make the system more robust to load variations and toxic shocks. Literature suggested the conceptual expectation of enhanced biodegradation of hardly biodegradable compounds in MBR does not often come true. Improved biodegradation to certain extent has been reported in a few studies; however the underlying factors leading to such improvement still remains to be elucidated. This is comprehensive review of the studies dealing with recalcitrant industrial wastewater treatment by MBR, and casts light on the strategies to achieve enhanced biodegradation of hardly biodegradable industrial pollutants in MBR.
NEAR-JUNCTION THERMAL MANAGEMENT: THERMAL CONDUCTION IN GALLIUM NITRIDE COMPOSITE SUBSTRATES

The thermal management challenge posed by gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) technology has received much attention in the past decade. The peak amplification power density of these devices is limited by heat transfer at the device, substrate, package, and system levels. Thermal resistances within micrometers of the transistor junction can limit efficient heat spreading from active device regions into the substrate and can dominate the overall temperature rise. Gallium nitride composite substrates, which consist of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with thickness of a few microns on a thicker non-GaN substrate, govern the thermal resistance associated with the “near-junction” region. Silicon and silicon carbide have been widely used as a substrate material, but the performance of GaN devices grown on these substrates is still severely limited by thermal constraints and associated reliability issues. The importance of effective junction-level heat conduction has motivated the development of composite substrates containing high-thermal-conductivity diamond, but these composites require careful attention to thermal resistances between the GaN and the diamond. This chapter reviews thermal conduction phenomena in GaN composite substrates containing Si, SiC, and diamond. The review discusses the governing conduction physics and overviews the relevant measurement techniques. The best available experimental data for GaN composite substrates as well as the relevant thermal modeling are presented. The review concludes with an assessment of the potential benefits of the use of diamond on the device thermal performance.