Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Chan Buddhism Spirit on Chinese Music DE L’INFLUENCE DU ZEN SUR LA MUSIQUE CHINOISE

Chan Buddhism is an influential school of Buddhism in China; the philosophic thinking it advocates has influenced Chinese music and culture in many ways, which results in four orientations of the development of Chinese music: firstly, Chinese music put emphasis on its artistic conception; secondly, Chinese music emphasizes spiritual charm; thirdly, Chinese music values self-intuition; fourthly, Chinese music values natural beauty. Key words: Chan Buddhism, Chinese music, Influence Resume: Le Zen est un secte bouddhiste influent en Chine. Sa pensee philosophique a exerce des influences diverses sur la culture musicale chinoise, qui s’expriment dans les quatre domaines ci-dessous. Sous l’influence de la pensee de Zen, la musique chinoise insiste sur la beaute d’imagination, la beaute de spiritualite, la beaute de perception et la beaute naturelle. Mots-Cles: Zen, musique chinoise, influence
The Impact of Universal Coverage Schemes in the Developing World : A Review of the Existing Evidence

The document is organized as follows. Chapter two provides an introduction to the conceptual framework guiding this study. It is organized in three sections. First, it discusses the concept of universal coverage and the health schemes and programs the concept refers to. Second, it discusses the causal link between universal coverage schemes and health-related outcome indicators. Third, it presents key methodological challenges faced by analysts wishing to evaluate the impact of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) schemes. Chapter three presents the methodology used to search, include, and evaluate the robustness of the existing literature. Chapter four presents the results of our search and inclusion criteria and describes the general characteristics of the literature reviewed. Chapter five provides an analysis of the robustness of the evidence. Chapter six synthesizes the evidence of the literature on the impact of universal coverage schemes in low-income and middle-income countries. Finally, the last chapter summarizes our findings and their policy and research implications.
Modeling the Web Economy: Web Users and Goods

An increasing amount of research papers is devoted in modeling Web functions. This effort is coming from many diverse disciplines like Computer Science, Economics, Mathematics, Social studies and others. At this stage, a set of definitions concerning the basic Web functions is needed in order to elaborate a more fruitful interdisciplinary dialogue about the Web. The objective of the present paper is to contribute towards a common understanding of the economic behavior in the Web. Existing analysis of network goods is insufficient for the Web because does not account for the drastic effects of the Editors’ function on the Web network and does not incorporates in the demand and supply of a network good the distinctive characteristics of digital goods. Respectively, digital goods underestimate the network structure of the Web. Web goods (WGs) are introduced as payoff-relevant bit strings with an assigned URI that affect the utility of Users. Their market value stems from the information they are composed from and a specific part of it, the hyperlinks, which facilitates navigation over a network of WGs. Contrastingly, to information’s and knowledge’s controversial definitions, WGs qualify as commodities. Users are partitioned to Navigators and Editors of WGs. Navigators are consuming information by navigating the Web and Editors are producing WGs by creating, updating or deleting online content and links. Navigation creates traffic streams for Editors, which is transformed to income mainly through advertising. Finally, the economic aspect of User’s functions is incorporated into a more general framework of Web functions.
Optimización de una formulación de queques (cakes) con características funcionales a partir de almidones resistentes, Sphagnum magellanicum y harina desgrasada de avellana (Gevuina avellana Mol)

SUMMARY. Optimization of a cake formulation with functional characteristics using resistant starch, Sphagnum magellanicum moss and deffated hazel nut flour (Gevuina avellana, Mol). Resistant starch (RS) Hi Maize 260, Sphagnum magellanicum Moss (SM) both natural resources rich in total dietary fiber, and defatted hazel nut flour (DHN) as protein resource were used in the development of a pastry product (queque) with functional characteristics. Taguchi methodology was utilized in the optimization process using the orthogonal array L 9 3 4 with four control factors: RS, SM. DHN and Master Gluten 4000 (MG), 3 factor levels and 9 experimental trials. The best result of Sensory Quality (SQ) and signal to noise ratio (S/N) was obtained combining the minor levels of the independent variables. Main effect (average effects of factor) analysis and anova analysis showed that SM and DHN were the control factors with a significant influence (p<0.05) on the CS with a relative contribution of 83%. It is important to emphasize the total dietary fiber (8.7%) and protein (7.2%) values, the formers due to the presence of RS and SM. Shelf life study showed that the sensory characteristics flavour, appearance and texture were not affected when samples were stored at refrigerated temperatures but not at 20oC, specifically flavour always kept a good preference during the whole period of time. Samples of optimized cakes showed very good results when they were submitted to hedonic test with 100% of favorable consumer’s opinions.
Transition from preschool to first grade primary school in Mexico : the perceptions of teachers, headteachers and parents

ABSTRACT Transition from preschool to first grade primary school has been an important topic for worldwide researchers concerned about the promotion of an effective adaptation process for children entering primary school. Studies have highlighted the importance of this process for children’s academic and personal development. The main aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of transition between preschool and first grade primary school held by teachers, headteachers and parents in the public education system in Mexico City. A questionnaire was developed based on previous transition studies and administered to a sample 15 preschool and 15 primary school teachers. A semi-structured interview was conducted with five parents from preschool and primary school and five headteachers from preschool and primary school in Mexico City. Overall, the results revealed that teachers moderately used some practices (e.g., creating children´s portfolio), whilst some practices were rarely used (e.g., primary school visits). Teachers rarely carry out activities with families and other teachers. Teachers’ reported children´s problems mostly focused on behaviour and following directions. Working in the same school for a number of years, predicted more family involvement in school matters. Preschool teachers who attended more specialised courses reported more children´s problems. Parents and headteachers are aware of this transition and concerned about children’s lack of academic skills; however neither group employs a range of effective transition practices to support children. These findings are in line with the international literature, however, further research is needed to address particularities in Latin American contexts. Findings from this study open a window for further research in Mexican educational settings focused on current educational policy reforms. Implications are discussed for research, policy and practice.
Analysis of non-stationary electroencephalogram using the wavelet transformation

Wavelet packet analysis is employed in this paper to investigate the transient characteristics of the practical electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Since the non-stationary nature of different kinds of clinical EEG rhythms covers different frequency bands, wavelet packet decomposition, as a time-varying filter, can be used for forming the filters with different frequency response characteristic to detect 4 different EEG rhythms. We also select he coefficients of wavelet transformation corresponding to the desired rhythms bands to construct the transient brain topographic mapping with multi-channel signals. Several clinical EEG signals are decomposed into 4 kinds of rhythms, and the specified rhythms are investigated and compared so that we can further understand the dynamic rhythms of the EEG signals in different functional states of brain. It is indicated from the experimental results that the transient rhythms and the dynamic information of the brain electrical activities can be well described by using wavelet packet analysis. The method presented in this paper also proposes a new way for the analysis of other pathological EEG signals, such as the signals containing the spikes and slow waves.
A Comparative Study of the Length Patterns of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions in the Dog and Man

Summary Objective To measure the change of length patterns of nine different simulated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in the canine and human knee. Procedures Six fresh-frozen canine cadaver knees and six fresh-frozen human cadaver knees were used in this study. All of the soft tissues were removed from each cadaver knee, leaving the menisci, collateral ligaments and cruciate ligaments intact. After fixation of the femur to a custom-made frame, the ACL was excised. Three tunnels were made each at the ACL origin and insertion, making possible nine reconstruction combinations. A modified intra-articular technique was used to measure change of length, in mm, of each ACL reconstruction through a range of motion of 0 degrees (full extension) to 135 degrees of flexion. A rankorder list of reconstruction combinations was determined. The most isometric combination was determined for the canine and human knees, and trends in length patterns were also evaluated in both species relative to femoral and tibial position. Statistical significance was determined by ANOVA. Results A combination joining a point caudal to the ACL origin (over-the-top) and anterior on the tibial insertion was found to be the most isometric combination in both the canine and human. The trends in change of length patterns across all reconstruction combinations were similar in the dog and man. Isometry was improved as the reconstruction was placed further posterior on the femur and anterior on the tibia. Conclusions: The canine knee is an appropriate animal model for the study of isometry of the human ACL and its reconstructions. The length patterns of nine simulated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstructions were determined in the dog and man. In both species, the most isometric reconstruction was one joining points corresponding to a position at the posterior edge of the intercondylar roof of the femur (over-thetop) with a position anterior on the ACL insertion. For the sake of clarity the term anterior cruciate ligament has been used, throughout, for both species, instead of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in the dog. Also knee has been used in place of stifle for the dog.
Experiences of Occupational Therapists in Stroke Rehabilitation: Dilemmas of Some Occupational Therapists in Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation

The aim of this study was to explore and gain an understanding of occupational therapists' experiences of therapy with patients in inpatient stroke rehabilitation, through the identification of their deliberations for practice. Two focus-group interviews were conducted. The deliberations for action were triggered by using a written case sample. The analysis of the study involved a perspective of meaning interpretation of the statements of the occupational therapists. The meaning structure that arose was that occupational therapists experience dilemmas when they are considering the courses of action open to them. Three dilemmas were named: "focusing on adaptation while the patient is focused on recovery", "being client centred and protective simulta" and "setting meaningful goals in an institutional context". The results of the study are discussed in relation to theoretical concepts in occupational therapy: a two-body practice, client centredness and meaningful goal setting in a realistic context. Further research regarding the use of meaningful occupation in stroke rehabilitation is recommended.
La participación directa de los usuarios en la gestión de los regadíos de gobierno municipal y su interdependencia con la oligarquía urbana. La Plana de Castelló (ss. XVI-XVIII)

Resumen. Siguiendo la tendencia actual de reducir las diferencias entre los dos modelos de gestion de regadios valencianos (autonomo y municipal), el presente trabajo se centrara en el caso de la Plana de Castello para tratar de mostrar como las oligarquias urbanas no asumieron todo el protagonismo en la gestion de estas huertas desde sus cargos municipales. De esta manera, nuestro principal objetivo sera el de aportar vestigios documentales que nos permitan aproximarnos al importante papel jugado por el conjunto de los usuarios en dicha gestion durante la Epoca Moderna, asi como la exposicion de los diferentes cauces de participacion y su relacion con las autoridades municipales. Uno de estos cauces, fue el de la asamblea de regantes, un elemento bastante desconocido para los regadios de gestion municipal, pero crucial para resolver ciertos aspectos de importancia. Por tal motivo, analizaremos cuales fueron las necesidades que llevaron a sus convocatorias, que similitudes y diferencias formales tenian con las de la Huerta de Valencia, y finalmente, cual fue su heterogenea composicion social y la interaccion existente entre la oligarquia urbana y el resto de los usuarios. Palabras Clave: recursos de aprovechamiento comun, Plana de Castello, huertas de gestion municipal, instituciones de riego y asambleas de regantes. Abstract. Nowadays, the differences between two Valencian irrigation management models (autonomous and municipal), has been reduced to little formal aspects. This paper will focus on the Castello de la Plana case to try to show how local oligarchy did not assume the leading role in these orchards. Our main target will be to approach us to the important role played by the users in the communal management during the modern age and to expose their different participation channels. One of these channels was the assemblies of irrigators, an unknown concept in the municipal management model, but crucial to resolve collective action problems. Therefore, we will analyze the needs that led to their calls, the formal similarities and differences with autonomous model, and finally, the heterogeneous social composition and their interaction with the authorities. Keywords: common-pool resources, Plana de Castello, municipal administration, irrigation institutions and assemblies of irrigators. http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/ISL2014.2014. 178
Relato de caso de colestase neonatal ocasionada por Toxoplasma gondii

The congenital infection by Toxoplasma gondii is a potentially serious condition, which is possible to prevent and to treat. We describe a case of perinatal death occurred by congenital infection by Toxoplasma gondii agent, whose main symptom was a severe neonatal cholestasis in a patient born in the maternity of a Public Hospital in the city of Juiz de Fora, MG. The mother did not accomplish prenatal exams. The Pathology identified the T. gondii (macroscopic and microscopic studies), and there were cysts of T. gondii in the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and spleen, with intense intra hepatic impairment. It is essential to guarantee that all the women have access to the prenatal and recognize the need to do it precociously and adequately. Moreover, it is essential that the professionals of the health area be attentive for the precocious recognition of possible cases and the institution of the adequate treatment, reducing the mortality and if possible minimizing the sequels occurrence.
Performance-Based Financing Toolkit

Performance-based financing (PBF) approaches have expanded rapidly in lower-and middle income countries, and especially in Africa. The number of countries has grown from three in 2006 to 32 in 2013. PBF schemes are flourishing and cause considerable demand for technical assistance in executing these health reforms in a rational and accountable manner. Currently there is a lack of knowledge among many health reformers of how to implement performance-based financing pilot projects, and scale them up intelligently. In a context of tremendous demand for solid design and implementation experience and given the rapid expansion of results-based financing (RBF) programs, there is an urgent need to build capacity in designing and implementing PBF programs. As yet there has been little attempt to gather the learning from these experiences together in one volume and, moreover, in a form that serves as a guide to implementers. This toolkit answers the most pressing issues related to the supply-side RBF programs of which PBF forms part.
Semi-blind approach to second order identification of SIMO-FIR channel driven by finite-alphabet sequence

This contribution is concerned with the problem of joint single input multiple output (SIMO)-finite impulse response (FIR) channel/sequence estimation when the transmitted sequence contains both information and training parts. The ordinary technique in such a case is training part-based MMSE estimation of the channel IR with subsequent recovery of the information part via a Viterbi algorithm. We propose an approach to improve the performance of channel identification by exploiting the information part of the transmitted sequence for channel IR estimation. This approach can also be seen as an improvement of a blind technique through the use of a training sequence. Computer simulations show better performances of the new techniques compared to the related MMSE and purely blind conditional maximum likelihood-based approaches such as iterative least squares with projection (Talwar et al., 1995).
The Prevalence of Febrile Seizure and Associated Factors Among Turkish Children

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of febrile seizure (FS) in Eskisehir province, Turkey. Methods: The survey was conducted by family physicians and involved two steps. In the first step of research, 1,000 randomly selected 0 - 6 years old children were invited to come to their family health centers. A specific questionnaire was administered to the parents during face to face sessions. The children who had had a history of FS were referred to the university hospital where detailed medical histories were taken and neurological examinations were conducted. Results: The prevalence of FS was calculated to be 2.57%. The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1. The relationships between a positive history of FS and study variables were analyzed through logistic regression. It was found that attendance to day care center affects the prevalence of FS, with the risk of FS being 19.35 times higher if child attends to day care. Also familial history of FS and consanguinity of parents increase the risk that their children will have FS 7.52 and 13.1 times higher, respectively. Conclusions: FS is still a frequent problem in pediatric practice. Although the prevalence of FS might vary according to the methodology of study, this present study found that the prevalence of FS was 2.57% among Turkish children. Int J Clin Pediatr. 2014;3(1):1-4 doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.14740/ijcp134w
Working Conditions, Lifestyles and Health

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether employee health is affected by the environment in which the individual works - in terms of both physical and psychosocial working conditions - and by his or her lifestyle. Health measures are computed from Danish data, and refer to both self assessed general health and two more objective health measures: mental health specific to work-related problems, and physical health. We find that both bad working conditions and bad lifestyles reduce health, especially in its self-assessed component. The impact of lifetsyle indicators have a more modest health impact on both physical and mental health.
Corpus Analysis of the World Wide Web

The World Wide Web has become a primary meeting place for information and recreation, for communication and commerce, for a quarter of the world's population. Millions of Web authors have created billions of Web pages, unknowingly providing texts to be mined for their linguistic and cultural content. The Web has evolved into the resource of first resort for lexicographers and linguists, for translators, teachers, and other language professionals. As a source of machine-readable texts for corpus linguists and researchers in complementary fields like natural language processing (NLP), information retrieval, and text mining, the Web offers extraordinary accessibility, quantity, variety, and cost-effectiveness. Investigators in these disciplines have developed scores of tools and products from Web content for both researchers and end users, and authored hundreds of scholarly papers on their projects. Keywords: educational linguistics; natural language processing; second language acquisition; corpus; language for specific purposes; language learning technology
Estrogen Receptor in Prostate Cancer

To the Editor: In the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial,1 more than 18,000 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive either finasteride (5 mg daily) or placebo. The incidence of prostate cancer in the finasteride group was 18.4 percent, as compared with 24.4 percent in the placebo group. A bigger surprise was that the incidence of tumors with a Gleason grade of 7, 8, 9, or 10 was higher in the finasteride group than in the placebo group (37.0 percent vs. 22.2 percent, P<0.001), meaning that there were more cases of aggressive cancer with finasteride than there were with placebo.1 We .
Latency-insensitive design

Currently available computer-aided design (CAD) tools struggle on handling the increasingly dominant impact of interconnect delay and fall short on providing support for IP reuse. With each process generation, the number of available transistors grows faster than the ability to meaningfully design them (design productivity gap) and designers are forced to iterate many times between circuit specification and layout implementation (timing-closure problem). Ironically, it is the introduction of nanometer technologies that threatens the outstanding pace of technological progress that has shaped the semiconductor industry. The key to addressing these challenges is the development of methodologies based on formal methods to enable modularity, flexibility, and reusability in system design. The subject of this dissertation—Latency-Insensitive Design—is a step in this direction. My thesis is that correct-by-construction methods combining the benefits of synchronous specification with the efficiency of asynchronous implementation are the key to design moderately distributed complex systems composed of tightly interacting concurrent processes. Major contributions are the theory of latency-insensitive protocol and the companion latency-insensitive design methodology. Latency-insensitive systems are synchronous distributed systems composed by functional modules that exchange data on communication channels according to an appropriate protocol. The protocol works on the assumption that the modules are stallable (a weak condition to ask them to obey) and guarantees that systems made of functionally correct modules, behave correctly independently of channel latencies. The theory of latency-insensitive protocols is the foundation of a correct-by-construction methodology for integrated circuit design that handles latency's increasing impact on nanometer technologies and facilitates the assembly of IP cores for building complex SOCs, thereby reducing the number of costly iterations during the design process. Thanks to the generality of its principles, latency-insensitive design can be possibly applied to other research areas like distributed deployment of embedded software. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)