Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolic and production responses to different porcine somatotropin injection regimes in pigs

Thirty-two female crossbred pigs (initial weight 75 kg) were used in this experiment to investigate the effect of differing porcine somatotropin (pST) regimes on growth performance. Pigs were kept in individual pens and fed ad libitum a wheat-based diet formulated to contain 14.4 MJ DE/kg and 180 g ideal protein/kg. Treatments were daily injection with saline (Sal), daily injection with pST (5 mg) (D), bi-daily injection with pST (10 mg) (2D), and injection with pST (12 mg) every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday (MWF). On the days that pigs were not receiving pST they were injected with saline (0.5 mL). All pST regimes caused a reduction (P < 0.001) in feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR), although there was no significant effect on average daily gain. Feed intake decreased after the first injection and, for the D group, remained low and constant. Feed intake for the 2D group was also reduced but not to as great an extent as for the D group. Feed intake in the MWF group showed a clear temporal response, being low during the week but increasing over the latter part of the weekend. Thus, feed intake from Sunday until Monday mornings was 400 g greater (P < 0.001) than from Saturday until Sunday mornings. Therefore, it appears that the effects of pST on feed intake may be reduced when a 3-day interval is used between injections. Back fat was significantly reduced with all pST injection regimes, whereas estimated fat deposition was only significantly reduced in the D and 2D pigs. Plasma urea nitrogen was increased, whereas glucose was decreased during pST administration and the average concentrations of both metabolites during the first week of administration were strongly related (P < 0.001) to FCR over the full 3 weeks of the study (R = 0.733 and -0.683, respectively). Although daily injection with pST appears to give the greatest reduction in feed intake and fat deposition, an alternative pST injection regime involving less frequent pST injections can also improve growth performance similarly in finisher pigs. Additional keywords: growth, glucose, urea, feed intake, growth hormone, body composition. AT egi ig F a
User powered games for research

This paper describes how user-generated content can be harnessed to create compelling games for research purposes. We show that by entrusting the complicated processes of asset creation and management to the players themselves, research based games can still allow for rich, deep and unique experiences - experiences that would be impossible to create manually under the typical time and resource constraints found in research projects. It is contended that “user power” as a game design element is especially powerful for use by researchers who are most likely working on their own or in small groups with limited budgets, and for whom the research objectives may be more important than the design of the game itself. The paper explores the recent history of applications that take advantage of user-generated content and discusses how these principles have been used to develop two user-powered games: Gophers and Familiars. The worlds created by the users of these games are explored and the strengths and weaknesses of using user-generated content to power games are discussed.
The Effectiveness of Forex Interventions in Four Latin American Countries

Many central banks actively intervene in the forex market, although there is no consensus on its impact on the exchange rate level and volatility. We analyze the effects of daily forex interventions in four Latin American economies with inflation targets – namely, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru – by fitting GARCH-type models. These countries represent a broad span of intervention strategies in terms of size and frequency, ranging from pure discretional to rule-based interventions. We find that only first interventions, either isolated or the initial one in a rule-based series, are able to reduce exchange rate volatility, whereas their size plays a minor role.
Productivity of yams (Dioscorea spp.) as affected by soil fertility.

a Swiss Centre for Scientific Research in Cote d’Ivoire (CSRS), 01 BP 1303 Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire b Departement des eaux, forets et environnement, Ecole Superieure d’Agronomie, Institut National Polytechnique HB (INPHB), 01 BP 1313 ESA Yamoussoukro, Cote d’Ivoire c Universite de Cocody, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire d The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Cotonou, Benin e Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Institute of Plant Sciences, Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
Rumination, realignment and reflection: Who is really teaching health education in secondary schools?

In Western Australia (WA), health education (HE) is timetabled as a separate, discipline-based subject belonging to the health and physical education (HPE) learning area. Globally, this subject is identified as a key site to support and strengthen the health and wellbeing of children and young people. In WA, teachers from outside-of-the-field of HPE are commonly used to deliver HE. This situation is not exclusive to HE nor to WA, and in some circles is referred to as education’s dirty little secret. This mixed-methods study critically examined the role of the teacher in the delivery of HE with the purpose of continuing previous WA-based research and responding to a gap in data with regard to the qualifications of the teachers. The study obtained questionnaire responses from 75 teachers delivering HE in 49 different lower secondary government schools across the state with nine teachers interviewed after the first round of quantitative data collection to provide contexualised information of the WA setting. The study found that half of the teachers delivering HE were unprepared to do so.
Trace Metals Analysis in the Sediments of the Southern Caspian Sea

In this study, concentration of 17 elements, including As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Ca,Fe, Mg, Na, P, S, Si, as well as methylmercury in 31 surface sediments were assessed. The sampling stations were Gulf of Golestan, Miankale Island, Babolsar, Nowshahr and Anzali, which represented the most important harbors in the Golestan, Mazandaran and Gilan provinces in the southern parts of the Caspian Sea, respectively. Mercury and methylmercury concentrations in the surface sediments ranged from 10 to 44 and from levels below detection limit to 0.41 ng. g -1 d.w, respectively. The fraction of methylmercury accounted from 0.3 to 2.4 % of the total mercury content. Organic carbon contents varied from 0.26 % to 1.50 %. In this study, element concentrations in the sediments did not exceed the sediment quality guidelines and posed no environmental concerns, with the exception of nickel, which was in the moderate pollution range.
A Study of a Causality Relationship between Firm Investment and Cash Holdings: An Empirical Validation from French, Germany and Italy

This paper tests the causality interdependence between firm investment and cash holdings. Our study analyzes three countries: French, Germany and Italy. The samples contain 84 firms for each country over a period of 8 years from 2003 to 2010. Cash is measured, alternatively by two ratios; cash and cash equivalents over total assets, and quick ratio approximated by cash and cash equivalents over current liabilities. Firm investment is approximated by tangible fixed assets growth rate and total assets growth rate. As control variables: profitability, leverage, size and firm age. Using a data panels method, the causality relationship is not checked for all countries. However, for French and Italy markets, we conclude to a causality relationship for the service and agriculture and mining sectors, respectively.
Predicting Probable Ligands to Inhibit HER2-EGFR in Gastric Cancer

Cancer is a large group of diseases involving disordered cell growth. In this type of disease (cancer), cells will grow and divide very fast So that is uncontrollable and may be converted to malignant tumours.There are several types of cancer, including Gastric cancer. Unfortunately, Gastric cancer is a global health issue and also it is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the world (3). Biology and chemical scientists across the world are trying to find the ways and more effective drugs to treatment for this disease. But it is very time consuming and expensive, for this reason Bioinformatics scientists try to do this process in much less time by using in silico methods and some software and tools and obtain a more favourable results. For example, nowadays Bioinformaticians use some software and databases for discover or design any drugs and compounds with spend less of time and less cost . Based on the previous studies, various molecular target agents have been investigated for Gastric cancer (4) and they have shown that over expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR family is composed of known four receptors HER1, HER2, HER3 and HER4) or gene mutations in members of HER family are rare in Gastric cancer(6). In this project we have choose two targets HER1 and HER2 of this family, because over expression of HER1 occurs in 24% of Gastric cancer and HER2 gene is amplified or over expressed in 10% to 22% of Stomach cancer(4),(14). Also we have selected three drugs, Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Lapatinib and several similar compounds with them as inhibitors of HER1 and HER2, and We are trying to be the best ligand for these targets is selected.Lapatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) against HER2 and HER1 (EGFR), and it is an oral low- molecular weight (16). It is used as a second - line or third -line therapy in patients with HER2- positive Gastric cancer (commonly used first-line therapy is chemotherapy). Lapatinib blocks receptor phosphorylation and activation (15). Gefitinib and Erlotinib are EGFR inhibitors and they are small molecular weight compounds which inhibit tyrosine kinase. On the basis of this background we aimed of the present study to predict probably ligands to inhibit HER2 and EGFR in Gastric cancer.
Development Process of the ICT Cluster in the Jyväskylä Urban Region

The present study is based on the assumption that the dynamics of development processes, the question of how things are achieved, may for its part explain differences in success among otherwise similar regions. Attention is thus focused on the analysis of development processes, on how new development ideas come into being and develop, how processes are led and how strategies are created. The question “how” cannot be satisfactorily answered by general observations, such as wide participation or innovative actions, for example. To gain insights into development processes, it is necessary to go deeper, beyond these generalities. This article analyses policy processes and their management in the development of the ICT (information and communication technology) cluster in Jyvaskyla, one of the fastest growing urban regions in Finland. This analysis has two aims: first, to find messages for more dynamic and creative policy processes and regional policy. Second, it aims to examine the role of networks and network management in urban competitiveness.
SPECTRUM OF GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS ACCELERATED IN SUPERNOVA REMNANTS

The spectra of high-energy protons and nuclei accelerated by supernova remnant (SNR) shocks are calculated, taking into account magnetic field amplification and Alfvénic drift both upstream and downstream of the shock for different types of SNRs during their evolution. The maximum energy of accelerated particles may reach 5 × 1018 eV for Fe ions in Type IIb SNRs. The calculated energy spectrum of cosmic rays after propagation through the Galaxy is in good agreement with the spectrum measured at the Earth.
MUUX-E, a framework of criteria for evaluating the usability, user experience and educational features of m-learning environments

Higher education students use mobile phones, equipped for Internet access. Mobile technologies can offer effective, satisfying and accessible m-learning experiences. A contribution has been made to knowledge on evaluating m-learning environments and to mobile human-computer interaction (MHCI), with the innovative synthesis of the MUUX-E Framework, which fills a gap in the domain of m-learning. MUUX-E is a single comprehensive, multi-faceted instrument for evaluating m-learning environments, emphasising usability and user experience in mobile educational contexts. It was developed by extensive literature studies on each aspect, and has five categories, 31 criteria and numerous sub-criteria. Using a design-based research paradigm, MUUX-E was applied iteratively to evaluate and enhance successive versions of m-LR, a mobile application created for a Software Engineering module. Participants were students and expert evaluators. MUUX-E served well to identify problems and strengths. The students were more positive than the experts regarding the benefits of m-LR, yet insightfully reported more system problems.
Advertising to the Japanese consumer. Japanese advertising culture examined

Globalization has paved the way for branching markets, allowing products to be advertised and sold in countries with different cultures and traditions. Different cultures, however, most probably have different values and when marketing the same product across cultural boundaries, companies need to adapt their advertising strategies in order to appeal to a specific population. My goal is to gain cultural insight into Japanese society by attempting to find out which is the most effective way for a “westerner” to introduce and advertise a product in Japan. I will need to define and examine the theories of cross-cultural advertising, inspect the norm for local Japanese advertising, and finally determine what strategies to use based on cultural insight. I will consider the different categories of advertisements in Japan, and approach them from a cultural perspective in order to figure out what values are being promoted, and find out if these values correlate with cultural values typically shown in western cultures, with American advertisements serving as the standard for comparison. The reason this comparison will be limited to America, is because according to Rose, Bush, and Kahle, professors of marketing (1998)“Japan and the United States have the largest economies and are arguably the most sophisticated consumer cultures in the world”, which supports the basis of this limitation for the comparison. Also, according to InterBrand (2009), U.S. and Japanese company brands comprise more than four-fifths of the top 100 brands with worldwide presence. For these reasons, cross-cultural comparisons in regards to advertising involving Japan, are rarely made between European countries, with analysts choosing the U.S. as a representative of the west (Okazaki, S., Mueller, B. & Taylor, C. R. ,2010). Advertising to the Japanese Consumer 3
S19-2 Phylogenetic approaches to the evolution of migration

The evolution of migration has long been the domain of evolutionary ecology. Work has focused on how natural selection drives the gain and loss of migration. We review applications of phylogenetic approaches to the question. By examining the deeper evolutionary history of migratory species and their populations rather than just their present-day ecology, such approaches, which can include historical biogeography and phylogeography, complement ecology. For example, breeding distributions appear to have been commonly displaced during the evolution of migration; component species of a migration system need not have evolved migration at the same time nor by the same processes nor in response to the same environmental pressures. The tools of historical biogeography, phylogeny and population genetics allow one to tease apart such spatiotemporal heterogeneity that may underlie the evolution of any migration system.
Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Scenarios in Supply Chain: A Review

In these days, firms have to focus on their core capabilities and employ suppliers to outsource for upgrading their competitive advantages in business activities. So, supplier selection and order allocation should be of great importance in supply chain management. This study aims to review the literatures on supplier selection and order allocation scenarios. Thirteen journal articles published between 2008 and 2012 have been surveyed for this purpose. The articles are analysed to summarize the existing criteria and methods to be relevant to different types of industries for supplier selection and order allocation problems. In addition, some discussions on criteria and methods are done and presented in this paper. Finally, suggestions for future researches are proposed for academics and decision makers.
Teachers' Perspectives on Psychological Issues among their Students

Bu calismanin iki amaci vardir: 1) ogretmenlerin, ogrencilerinin psikolojik problemleriyle ilgili deneyimlerini irdelemek; 2) bu ogrencilere nasil yardimci olmaya calistiklarini ve bu yardimlarinin etkili olup olmadigini anlamak. Bu arastirma nitel bir calismadir. Ankara’nin farkli bolgelerinde calisan 35 gonullu ogretmenle yari yapilandirilmis bireysel gorusmeler yapilmistir. Katilimci ogretmenlerin branslari cesitlilik gostermektedir. Her bir ogretmene su sorular sorulmustur: 1- Deneyimlerinize dayanarak, ogrencilerinizde siklikla ne gibi psikolojik problemler gozlemlediniz? 2- Bu psikolojik problemlerine nasil bir tepki verdiniz? ; 3- Tepkilerinizin etkili oldugunu dusunuyor musunuz? Arastirmada betimleyici analiz yontemi kullanilmistir. Dort farkli psikolojik gucluk alani (duygusal guclukler, davranis problemleri, akademik guclukler ve kisiler arasi guclukler) belirlenmistir. “Ogrencilerle yuz yuze gorusme” ve “sinif ici mudahaleler” en cok kullanilan mudahale yontemleri olarak gozlemlenmistir. Sonuclar ve dogurgulari tartisilmistir.
Focusing on Language and Meaning While Learning With Text

& English learners (ELs) in the United States have too often been denied access to rich and complex texts, especially informational texts (August & Shanahan, 2006). This is highly problematic because access to texts is integral to building content knowledge, expanding vocabulary, and nourishing students’ interests and motivations to read. Recognizing the importance of informational text in the reading diets of students, the Common Core State Standards recommend that, over the course of students’ careers, the balance of opportunity should shift, with each grade level, toward the reading of informational text. One of our primary goals has been to ensure that rich and complex informational texts have a presence in the curriculum of elementary grade English learners. But this is only the beginning. English learners then need support in accessing the ideas in these texts. Teachers can provide this support by building prior knowledge (Goldenberg, 2008), using graphic organizers to teach text structure (Echevarria, Short, & Powers, 2006), and through vocabulary instruction (Vaughn et al., 2009). It has also been well documented that, even when English learners have word-reading skills in the average range, syntactic awareness persists as an area of difficulty and impedes comprehension (Lesaux & Geva, 2006). This means that learners also need help understanding how language works at a discourse level, where linguistic choices of different kinds build meaning in a text. To respond to these learner needs we have been developing approaches that support teachers in talking with learners about how English works in the texts they encounter and produce in school contexts. The primary tool that we have been drawing on, in collaboration with teachers in Grades 2 through 5, is the metalanguage associated with systemic functional linguistics (SFL) (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004; see Eggins, 2004, for an introduction). Metalanguage refers to language about language and includes both using terminology to refer to language as well as engaging in talk about language and meaning (Schleppegrell, 2013). To illustrate, consider the following. A segment
DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOTIVATIONAL COMPONENT OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS READINESS TO FORMING THE SOCIAL COMPETENCE OF THE PUPILS

The results of the experimental study of motivational component development of future primary school teachers’ readiness to the formation of social competence of pupils that determines its orientation to the pedagogical profession and conscious attitude and motivation to succeed in the formation of key competencies of pupils, particularly social one, are given in the article. The initial results of students’ motivation based on certain diagnostic instrumentarium, were represented, their specific character was defined. The implemented program of the development of future teachers’ motivational sphere as for the formation of social competence of primary school children based on attributive approach, was represented. Its effectiveness was proved by the results of diagnostic evaluation of formedness level of motivational readiness component of future primary school teachers to the formation of social competence of primary school children after the experimental work.
Effect of azathioprine upon inflammation in rats with ulcerative colitis induced by immune complex-combined TNBS/ethanol

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects of azathioprine (AZA) on Immune Complex-Combined TNBS/Ethanol method induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: 64 Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups. Normal control group (n=12) was injected with saline and model group (n=52) was set up by immune complex-combined TNBS/ethanol. 4 rats were sacrificed to observe the macroscopical focus of infection in bowels in 3 weeks and UC model was taken out. The UC model rats were randomly divided into model control group, AZA low, medium and high dose group 1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg, respectively. All model rats were daily injected (caudal vein) with corresponding drug for consecutive 4 weeks. During the 4-week treatment, disease activity index (DAI) were observed. At the end of treatment, morphological observation was carried out on rats' colon (colonic mucosal damage index (CMDI) scores and histological score (HS)); IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA and the expression of p-selectin in the colonic tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The DAI, CMDI and HS of the model group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (all p<0.01), indicating successful establishment of UC model. The DAI, CMDI and HS of the group treated with AZA were lower than those of the model group (DAI, HS: p<0.05; CMDI: p<0.01). Immune Complex-Combined TNBS/Ethanol significantly elevated IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α levels in serum as well as the p-selectin expression group in colon tissue compared with their control group (p<0.05). The low-dose AZA group, the medium-dose AZA group, and high-dose AZA group showed significant inhibition of elevation of serum IL-6IL-8IL-17TNF-α level and p-selectin expression in colon tissue. Conclusions: AZA can alleviate intestinal inflammation and have a therapeutic effect for UC. Its mechanisms may be related to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and thus alleviate inflammatory response.
Fournier’s Gangrene: A Genital Catastrophe

Fournier’s gangrene continues to be a catastrophic surgical emergency of the male genitalia. Prompt resuscitation, optimum use of antibiotics, extensive debridement, and regular dressings are the mainstay of treatment. However, hastening the process of healing by controlling infection and achieving early demarcation helps in restricting tissue loss as well as rendering the wound amenable to reconstruction. This can be achieved by the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. We present a case of extensive Fournier’s gangrene, treated by standard modalities and hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjunct followed by reconstruction, along with review of literature.