Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Subunit Composition of Complex I from Bovine Heart Mitochondria*S

Complex I purified from bovine heart mitochondria is a multisubunit membrane-bound assembly. In the past, seven of its subunits were shown to be products of the mitochondrial genome, and 35 nuclear encoded subunits were identified. The complex is L-shaped with one arm in the plane of the membrane and the other lying orthogonal to it in the mitochondrial matrix. With mildly chaotropic detergents, the intact complex has been resolved into various subcomplexes. Subcomplex Iλ represents the extrinsic arm, subcomplex Iα consists of subcomplex Iλ plus part of the membrane arm, and subcomplex Iβ is another substantial part of the membrane arm. The intact complex and these three subcomplexes have been subjected to extensive reanalysis. Their subunits have been separated by three independent methods (one-dimensional SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/SDS-PAGE, and reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)) and analyzed by tryptic peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem mass spectrometry. The masses of many of the intact subunits have also been measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and have provided valuable information about post-translational modifications. The presence of the known 35 nuclear encoded subunits in complex I has been confirmed, and four additional nuclear encoded subunits have been detected. Subunits B16.6, B14.7, and ESSS were discovered in the SDS-PAGE analysis of subcomplex Iλ, in the two-dimensional gel analysis of the intact complex, and in the HPLC analysis of subcomplex Iβ, respectively. Despite many attempts, no sequence information has been obtained yet on a fourth new subunit (mass 10,566 ± 2 Da) also detected in the HPLC analysis of subcomplex Iβ. It is unlikely that any more subunits of the bovine complex remain undiscovered. Therefore, the intact enzyme is a complex of 46 subunits, and, assuming there is one copy of each subunit in the complex, its mass is 980 kDa.
Fibrinogen and bleeding: old molecule--new ideas.

ydroxyethyl starches (HES) are often administered to surgical patients asa colloid intravascular volume expander. Although all volume expandersadministeredtoableedingpatientmayproducedilutionalcoagulopathy,HESsolutionscanalsoproduceplateletinhibitionanddecreasedclotstrength(1,2). However, hemodilution with HES of all molecular weights significantlydecreases whole blood and plasma clot strength in a fibrinogen-reversiblemanner (3–8). Fenger-Eriksen et al. (3) were the first to demonstrate
Bestimmung präcecaler Verdaulichkeitskoeffizienten für heimische Energiefuttermittel für die Hühnermast

Der hohe Methioninbedarf von wachsendem Geflugel kann im Moment nur uber den Einsatz von Hoch-Proteinfuttermitteln aus konventionellem Anbau (<5 %) halbwegs gedeckt werden. Zur langfristigen Sicherstellung der Methinonversorgung von wachsendem Geflugel sind daher die Erkenntnisse zu den Nahrstoffgehalten und deren Verdaulichkeit von moglichst vielen okologischen Futtermitteln zu erweitern. Im Rahmen des Projektes wurden daher zunachst die Nahrstoffgehalte von verschiedenen Futtermitteln aus okologischem Anbau (11 Energiefuttermittel - Weizen, Gerste, Roggen, Tritikale, Nacktgerste, Nackthafer, Buchweizen, Dinkel Rispenhirse, Braunhirse, Mais-Ganzkorn-Silage, 1 Proteinfuttermittel - Linsenausputz und 3 Rohfaser-reiche Futtermittel - Kleegrassislage behandelt und unbehandelt, getrocknete Luzerneblatter) ermittelt. Fur diese wurde die ileale Verdaulichkeit des Rohproteins und der Aminosauren im Tierversuch bei langsam wachsenden Masthuhnern in der 3. und 6. Lebenswoche bestimmt. Die analysierten Rohprotein- und Aminosaurengehalte der untersuchten Futtermittel lagen in der Regel etwas niedriger als die der konventionell angebauten. Linsenausputz hatte den hochsten Proteingehalt, gefolgt von der Kleegrassilage und den getrockneten Luzerneblattern, die auch den hochsten Rohfasergehalt aufwiesen. Die hochsten Methioningehalte lagen fur Braunhirse, Rispenhirse, Kleegrassilagen und getrocknete Luzerneblatter vor (ca. 3g/kg). Die hochsten Lysingehalte wurden fur die Kleegrassilagen, die Luzerneblatter und die Linsen ermittelt (ca. 10g/kg). Die Aminosaurenverdaulichkeit lag fur fast alle Aminosauren in einem ahnlichen Bereich wie fur konventionell erzeugte Futtermittel. Schlechte AS-Verdaulichkeiten wiesen vor allem Dinkel und die Kleegrassilagen auf. Die ermittelten Verdaulichkeiten unterschieden sich kaum zwischen der 3. und der 6. Lebenswoche. Die Berechnung des Gehaltes an verdaulichem Methionin fur die gepruften Futtermittel ergab fur Braunhirse und Luzerneblatter mit etwa 3 g/kg die gunstigen Werte. Der hohe Rohfasergehalt der Luzerneblatter fuhrt allerdings auf Grund des stark erhohten Futtervolumens zu einer zu geringeren Futteraufnahme und somit zu Minderleistungen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen das Potential der Grundfuttermittel bei der Methioninversorgung und helfen so die Deckung des Methioninbedarfs bei wachsenden Huhnern im Okologischen Landbau zu optimieren.
Trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children: impact of the trauma narrative and treatment length

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with the development of a variety of mental health disorders, and Trauma‐Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF‐CBT) is an established treatment for children who have experienced CSA. However, there are questions about how many TF‐CBT sessions should be delivered to achieve clinical efficacy and whether a trauma narrative (TN) component is essential. This study examined the differential effects of TF‐CBT with or without the TN component in 8 versus 16 sessions. Methods: Two hundred and ten children (aged 4–11 years) referred for CSA and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment conditions: 8 sessions with no TN, 8 sessions with TN, 16 sessions with no TN, and 16 sessions with TN. Results: Mixed‐model ANCOVAs demonstrated that significant posttreatment improvements had occurred with respect to 14 outcome measures across all conditions. Significant main and interactive effect differences were found across conditions with respect to specific outcomes. Conclusions: TF‐CBT, regardless of the number of sessions or the inclusion of a TN component, was effective in improving participant symptomatology as well as parenting skills and the children's personal safety skills. The eight session condition that included the TN component seemed to be the most effective and efficient means of ameliorating parents' abuse‐specific distress as well as children's abuse‐related fear and general anxiety. On the other hand, parents assigned to the 16 session, no narrative condition reported greater increases in effective parenting practices and fewer externalizing child behavioral problems at posttreatment. Depression and Anxiety, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Locating primary users in cognitive radio networks by generalized method of moments

In order to avoid harmful interference to primary users (PUs), secondary users (SUs) in a cognitive radio network need some information about the primary network, such as the location of the active PUs. However, the advent of high-speed primary networks, e.g., LTE, has created a necessity for fast and accurate localization methods. In this paper, we propose a novel generalized method of moments-based localization technique that only requires the knowledge of traffic distribution and power allocation strategy of the primary network. Each SU is capable of efficiently locating any PU inside a certain geometric region using the received signal strength. The proposed method converges in linear time with respect to the number of signal power measurements to localize the PUs with high accuracy, as demonstrated by the simulation results. Moreover, we discuss the effect of the SU and PU locations on the localization performance.
Conductive-filament switching analysis and self-accelerated thermal dissolution model for reset in NiO-based RRAM

This work presents detailed characterization and modeling of the reset operation in resistive-switching memories based on metal oxides. Our experimental results confirm previous observations that reset is controlled by Joule heating, providing an insight on the electrical and thermal parameters of the conductive filament (CF) in the low resistance state. The characterization of such parameters allows to model the CF rupture responsible for reset switching. Our model explains the switching by self-accelerated dissolution of the CF, and can quantitatively account for reset and data-retention experiments. The scaling of programming current is finally investigated by means of reduction of CF cross-section.
Can Severely Mentally Ill Adults Reliably Report Their Needs?

Proponents of psychiatric rehabilitation believe that active patient participation in rehabilitation planning is essential. Participation assumes, however, that severely mentally ill patients can reliably report their needs. Unfortunately, reliably responding to a needs assessment may be diminished by cognitive deficits that are associated with psychosis and low intelligence. To address this issue, 35 severely mentally ill outpatients completed the Needs and Resources Assessment twice, with 1 week intervening. Their reliability on this task was compared with that of 16 control subjects. Results showed that subjects in both groups performed more reliably (measured as raw agreement) on the more highly structured, standardized items. Patients were less reliable than controls on individualized and standardized items. Further analyses suggested that the patients' raw agreement was found to be significantly associated with thought disturbance. Assessment methods must be sufficiently structured to help cognitively disordered patients provide reliable information for rehabilitation planning.
The Built Environment and Motor Vehicle Ownership and Use: Evidence from Santiago de Chile

This paper examines the relationships between the built environment—both ‘neighborhood’ design characteristics and relative location—and motor vehicle ownership and use in a rapidly motorising, developing city context, that of Santiago de Chile. A vehicle choice model suggests that income dominates the household vehicle ownership decision, but also detects a relationship between several built environment characteristics and a household’s likelihood of car ownership. A second model, directly linked to the ownership model to correct for selection bias and endogeneity, suggests a strong relationship with locational characteristics like distance to the central business district and Metro stations. Elasticities of vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT), calculated via the combined models, suggest that income plays the overall largest single role in determining VKT. In combination, however, a range of different design and relative location characteristics also display a relatively strong association with VKT.
Return to competition following ischemic colitis caused by severe dehydration.

OBJECTIVE This article summarizes a case of ischemic colitis suffered by a triathlete during an Ironman competition. BACKGROUND Exercise results in a significant reduction in splanchnic blood flow to help maintain cardiovascular function. When dehydration and heat stress accompany exercise, blood flow to the splanchnic vasculature is further reduced, increasing the risk of local ischemia and tissue injury. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Ischemic colitis caused by dehydration and heat stress. TREATMENT Right hemicolectomy involving a 16-cm segment of ischemic large intestine and appendectomy the day following the race. UNIQUENESS This case study highlights one of the risks associated with dehydration during prolonged exercise in the heat. Of particular interest are practical interventions to reduce health and performance issues. CONCLUSIONS Poor hydration and nutrition practices during intense exercise can affect gut function, impair performance, and jeopardize health. Optimal intake of fluid, carbohydrate, and salt will enhance performance and reduce risk to health.
Playing by Different Rules: The Evolution of Virulence in Sterilizing Pathogens

We investigate the evolution of virulence of pathogens that reduce their hosts' fitness primarily by affecting host fecundity. We show that, under many conditions, such sterilizing pathogens evolve high rather than intermediate levels of virulence, and this pushes the pathogen population and sometimes the host population toward extinction. We also show that spatial population structure can reverse this evolutionary result and allow the persistence of intermediate‐virulence pathogens. Thus, spatial population structure may be vital to the persistence of sterilizing pathogens in nature.
Asymmetric Supply Function Equilibrium with Constant Marginal Costs

In a real-time electric power auction, the bids of producers consist of committed supply as a function of price. The bids are submitted under uncertainty, before the demand by the Independent System Operator has been realized. In the Supply Function Equilibrium (SFE), every producer chooses the supply function maximizing his expected profit given his residual demand. I consider a uniform-price auction with a reservation price, where demand is inelastic and exceed the market capacity with a positive probability, and firms have identical constant marginal costs but asymmetric capacities. I show that under these conditions, there is a unique SFE, which is piece-wise symmetric.
Estimates and Patterns of Direct Health Care Expenditures Among Individuals With Back Pain in the United States

Study Design. Secondary analysis of the 1998 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Objective. To estimate total health care expenditures incurred by individuals with back pain in the United States, calculate the incremental expenditures attributable to back pain among these individuals, and describe health care expenditure patterns of individuals with back pain. Summary of Background Data. There is a lack of updated information on health care expenditures and expenditure patterns for individuals with back pain in the United States. Methods. This study used data from the 1998 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a national survey on health care utilization and expenditures. Total health care expenditures and per-capita expenditures among individuals with back pain were calculated. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate the incremental expenditures attributable to back pain. The expenditure patterns were examined by stratifying individuals with back pain by sociodemographic characteristics and medical diagnosis, and calculating per-capita expenditures for each stratum. Results. In 1998, total health care expenditures incurred by individuals with back pain in the United States reached $90.7 billion and total incremental expenditures attributable to back pain among these persons were approximately $26.3 billion. On average, individuals with back pain incurred health care expenditures about 60% higher than individuals without back pain ($3,498 vs. $2,178). Among back pain individuals, at least 75% of service expenditures were attributed to those with top 25% expenditure, and per-capita expenditures were generally higher for those who were older, female, white, medically insured, or suffered from disc disorders. Conclusions. Health care expenditures for back pain in the United States in 1998 were substantial. The expenditures demonstrated wide variations among individuals with different clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics.
Sicherheit,Anwendbarkeit und Effektivität eines Kombinationssystems aus intravaskulärem Ultraschall und Stentsystem zur Stentimplantation bei koronarer Herzerkrankung

Nach den Ergebnissen dieser Pilotstudie ist der Einsatz eines Kombinationssystems aus Ultraschall- Transducer und Stentapplikationseinheit zur Stentimplantation bei koronarer Herzerkrankung sicher und komplikationsarm sowie einfach in der Handhabung. Der Einsatz von IVUS zusatzlich zur Angiographie liefert hilfreiche Informationen zur Durchfuhrung der PTCA und tragt damit zu einer optimalen Implantation des Stents bei. Die mittels IVUS gewonnene Information hatte einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Interventionsstrategie und veranderte in einem hohen Prozentsatz der Falle die therapeutische Vorgehensweise. Die Implantationsergebnisse liesen sich auf diese Weise optimieren, woraus im Kontrollzeitraum von 12 Monaten eine niedrige TVR- (6,5%) und TLR- Rate (3,2%) resultierte. Im Vergleich zur rein angiographisch kontrollierten Stentimplantation trug die IVUS- Kontrolle zu einem besseren direkten Implantationsergebnis mit einer geringeren postinterventionellen Diameterstenose bei. Der Einsatz des IVUS verlangerte zwar die Prozedurdauer, beeinflusste die ubrigen Interventionsparameter jedoch nicht signifikant. Im Vergleich zur Verwendung separater IVUS- Katheter konnten Prozedurdauer, Durchleuchtungszeit, Kontrastmittelmenge sowie die Anzahl der verwendeten Ballons gesenkt werden. Die postinterventionelle Beurteilung der Lasion mittels IVUS gestaltete sich zum Teil schwierig, da der Ballon nach der Inflation einen groseren Diameter hatte und der Katheter daher bei Lasionen mit einem geringen Lumendiameter nicht mehr uber die mit dem Stent versorgte Engstelle hinaus vorgeschoben werden konnte. Eine Umgestaltung des Kombinationssystems mit einer Verlegung der Ultraschalleinheit an die Spitze des Katheters konnte dazu beitragen auch in diesen Fallen eine Beurteilung zu ermoglichen und damit die Ergebnisse noch weiter zu verbessern. Der Einsatz von IVUS und gerade auch von Kombinationssystemen aus Ultraschall- und Stentapplikationseinheit erscheint in Verbindung mit neuen Methoden attraktiv. Zum Beispiel konnten in Kombination mit IVUS die Restenoseraten unter Verwendung von DES unter Umstanden noch weiter minimiert werden. Eine andere zukunftstrachtige Moglichkeit ist die Erstellung einer „virtuellen Histologie“ mittels IVUS, die es zum Beispiel ermoglicht vulnerable Plaques zu identifizieren oder den Erfolg einer Therapie mit Lipidsenkern zu erfassen. Bei der Betrachtung der Ergebnisse dieser Studie sollte berucksichtigt werden, dass die Aussagekraft aufgrund der geringen Fallzahl limitiert ist. Die Ergebnisse ermutigen jedoch zur Durchfuhrung weiterer Studien mit hoherer Fallzahl.
Indexes of obesity and all-causes mortality in Italian epidemiological data.

BACKGROUND The relationships of body mass index and skinfold thickness to all-causes mortality during a 10-year follow-up were assessed in 8,341 men and 1,100 women ages 30-69 years from different Italian population samples. RESULTS Among men, both univariate and multivariate analyses showed a clear-cut parabolic (inverse J-shaped) relationship, whose left branch became less steep after the exclusion of smokers, people carrying severe diseases at entry, those who died during the first 5 years, or all of them. The minimum risk was almost always located around 28 units of body mass index, and it decreased to smaller levels of body mass index when the exclusions were adopted. The analysis of skinfold thickness showed similar but less clear-cut results. Among women, due to the limited number of fatal events, the analysis was unable to show any clear relationship of body mass index or skinfold thickness to all-causes mortality. The multivariate analysis showed a similar parabolic relationship of body mass index to all-causes mortality. The estimated multivariate risk of death broken down into five quintiles was unrelated to the mean level of body mass index for each quintile. From the multivariate model it was estimated that an excess of 10 kg in body weight (above the body mass index corresponding to the minimum risk level and everything else being equal) carries the same excess of risk produced by 5 mm Hg of systolic blood pressure or by less than 5 cigarettes smoked per day. CONCLUSION These results suggest that high levels of obesity indicators are only slightly associated with an excess mortality and that overweight and obesity are health hazards only if they are accompanied by an elevation of other risk factors, mainly of blood pressure.
Dual Metamaterial With Large Birefringence

Strong birefringence and a large phase delay are highly desirable for high-efficiency and compact wave plates. In order to enhance the phase delay, we combine a semiconductor metamaterial (SMM) and split-ring resonators (SRRs) into a novel dual metamaterial, which exhibits two types of resonance response, i.e., one type is mainly induced by the SMM for one polarization component of the incident wave, and the other is mainly induced by the SRRs for the other orthogonal polarization component. The unique resonance characteristics lead to large birefringence and, hence, a considerable phase delay, enabling the realization of a very compact quarter-wave plate in the middle-infrared spectrum. The concept of the dual metamaterial has the potential for developing ultracompact high-performance microoptical/nanooptical components.
Agency, art and altered consciousness: a motif in French (Quercy) Upper Palaeolithic parietal art

Is the meaning of prehistoric art beyond recovery — especially the meaning of early art in deep caves, a remote and strange location which itself suggests some out-of-the-ordinary purpose? David Lewis-Williams has been extending his explorations of meaning in later southern African rock-art to the famous enigma of the European Palaeolithic, here in the particulars of a single distinctive motif.
User Profiling Based Deep Neural Network for Temporal News Recommendation

One of the most important and challenging problems in recommendation systems is that of modeling temporal behavior. Typically, modeling temporal behavior increases the cost of parameter inference and estimation. Along with it, it also poses the constraint of requiring a large amount of data for reliably learning the parameters of the model. Therefore, it is often difficult to model temporal behavior in large-scale real-world recommendation systems. In this work, we propose a deep neural network architecture which is based on a two level approach. We first generate document embeddings for every news article. We then use these embeddings and the previously read articles by a user to come up with her user profile. We then use this profile along with adequate positive and negative samples in order to train our model. The resulting model is then applied to a real-world data set. We compare it with a set of established baselines and the experimental results show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art. We also use the learned model to recommend articles to users who have had very little interaction with items, i.e., have read a very less amount of news articles. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of our model to solve the problem of item cold-start.