Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Práticas de controladoria adotadas por empresas sob regulação governamental

RESUMO A Controladoria tem como missão garantir a continuidade da empresa assegurando um bom desempenho. Para tal, a Controladoria utiliza algumas práticas, que também são denominadas de artefatos, ferramentas e ou técnicas, que podem contribuir para um adequado desempenho econômico. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar quais são as práticas de Controladoria adotadas em empresas de setores sob regulação governamental e o estágio de desenvolvimento se encontram. Buscou-se verificar as práticas adotadas pelas empresas e analisar a relação entre essas práticas e a regulação. A amostra da pesquisa é formada por 14 empresas do setor de utilidade pública, listadas na BOVESPA. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi o questionário. Para análise dos dados, se utilizou a estatística descritiva, o ranking médio e o coeficiente de variância. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que as práticas de Controladoria mais utilizadas são: valor presente líquido, planejamento estratégico, orçamento operacional e análises quantitativas (simulações). Foi possível, também, identificar avanço em relação aos estágios de desenvolvimento das práticas estabelecidos pelo IFAC.
A Modern Approach For Routing In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks By Minimum Energy Consumption and Maximum Reliability

MANET networks consist of numerous wireless nodes. These networks have not fix and stable substructures. In this kind of networks, the mobility rate of nodes is high so, excessive use of energy and also switching off of nodes, will cut links between nodes. In this paper we propose a new routing approach called Geographical routing method for MANET networks. This method relies on two matters: energy awareness and mobile source. In this paper, we try to minimize the cost of energy required for routing and broadcasting data towards destination node. Our proposed method improves energy consumption through computing the exact required energy for broadcasting every routing packet. Also, we can gain high reliable routing advantage by this method. The main object of this method is to minimize the costs of routing and overheads appearing due to the necessity of numerous routing processes which in turn leads to lower traffic in network and higher lifetime of it. Simulation and numerical computation results reveal that this method increases lifetime and reliability of network through reducing energy consumption.
How do obese people afford to be obese? Consumption strategies of Russian households

This article investigates the extent to which Russian households that differ in their members’ weight status adjust their food consumption differently when their economic resources change. Using household-panel data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) from 1995 to 2005, we estimate total expenditure elasticities of food expenditures, food quantities, and food quality for normal-weight, overweight, and obese households, respectively. The expenditure elasticities of quality derived for obese households for meat, bread, fruits, and dairy were found to be 15–20% higher than those of normal households. Hence, a change in economic resources causes obese households to adjust the quality of purchased foods significantly more flexibly than normal-weight households. Only few differences were found for quantity and expenditure reactions. Our results emphasize that policies aiming to reduce obesity should consider deviations in consumption behavior of normal and obese consumers in terms of quality.
A Review of Topologies, Controls, and Applications of Multilevel Inverter

Multilevel inverter has the advancements of high output voltage, high output power, output voltage waveform being similar to sinusoidal wave, small variety rate and little EMI. Due to these features, multilevel inverter has wide application prospect in comprehensive treatment of power quality, traction, specialty in high voltage speed modulation field. This paper presents a review of different topologies like diode-clamped inverter (neutral-point clamped), capacitor-clamped inverter (flying capacitor), and cascaded inverter with separate DC sources, control strategies and SVPWM techniques in detail. Applications which the multilevel inverters play a key role presently are generalized. Finally, future development trends are addressed.
Breast-region segmentation in MRI using chest region atlas and SVM

An important step for computerized analysis of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is segmentation of the breast region. Due to the similar signal intensity of fibroglandular tissue and the chest wall, the segmentation process is difficult for breasts with fibroglandular tissue connected to the chest wall. In order to overcome this challenge, a new framework is presented that relies on a chest region atlas. The proposed method first detects the approximated breast–chest wall boundary using an intensity-based operation. A support vector machine (SVM) then determines the connectivity of fibroglandular tissue to the chest wall by the extracted features from the obtained breast–chest wall boundary. Finally, the obtained breast–chest wall boundary is accurately refined using the geometric shape of the chest region, which is obtained by an atlas-based segmentation method. The proposed method is validated using a dataset of 5964 breast MRI images from 126 women. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), total overlap (TO), false negative (FN), and false positive (FP) values are calculated to measure the similarity between automatic and manual segmentation results. Our method achieves DSC, TO, FN, and FP values of 96.46%, 96.41%, 3.59%, and 3.51%, respectively. The results prove the effectiveness of the presented algorithm for breasts with different sizes, shapes, and density patterns.
Measuring Affective and Social Signals in Vocal Interaction

In this paper, I will discuss how and what type of measurements of vocal interactional behavior can be used to recognize affective and social signals. Three studies will be presented that deal with 1) the collection and recognition of spontaneous vocal and facial expressions in a gaming context, 2) the detection of laughter in meetings, and 3) the relation between dominance and overlapping speech in multiparty conversations. On the basis of these studies, (dis)advantages and issues in speech processing for affective and social computing will be evaluated. Acoustic features, but also simple speech or no-speech information were employed in these studies. In addition, fundamental issues such as 'ground truth labeling' and collection of spontaneous data are also discussed.
Effects of Highlighting Text on the Reading Ability of Children with Developmental Dyslexia: A Pilot Study

Digital texts can be made accessible to children with developmental dyslexia by presenting them in a simplified layout, using suitable fonts, or using text highlighting that is synchronized with audio. However, the impact of this last method on readability (as measured by eye movement) for children with developmental dyslexia remains unknown; it is unclear whether the color and length of text highlighting influences readability. We examined these issues in two experiments with seven children with developmental dyslexia (aged 7–14 years). In the first experiment, we clarified the relation between readability and text highlighting with synchronous audio by measuring the eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia. Readability was determined using the frequency of eye fixations. In the second experiment, we determined which styles of text highlighting best supported digital text reading among children with developmental dyslexia. Digital texts were created using different text highlighting colors and band lengths, and then were read using Apple iBooks on a 9.7-inch Apple iPad Air. We observed that children with developmental dyslexia found it easier to read along when audio was synchronized with text highlighting, particularly for the highlighting style that used a blue band for whole sentences. The second experiment showed that children with developmental dyslexia found it particularly easy to read digital texts that were highlighted with blue or yellow bands, both for single sentences and for single words. The method of presenting visual information for reading might help children with developmental dyslexia read more easily.
NADPH Oxidase Inhibition of Novel Apocynin Dimer Derivatives

Apocynin is a widely studied inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, which has been regarded as a target for developing anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Diapocynin, dimer of apocynin, was found to have higher NADPH oxidase inhibition activity than apocynin. To seek for dimeric apocynin analogues of better efficacy, in our previous work, 14 novel apocynin dimer derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the chemical structure of apocynin dimer analogue JJA-D0. The biological activities of the derivatives were evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells. Allcompounds protected RAW 264.7 cells from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytotoxicity, and significantly lowered down the intracellular ROS level induced by LPS. JJA-D26 were more potent than apocynin and JJA-D0, which retained 71.2% of cell viability, and decreased 24.8% of intracellular ROS level at the concentration of 200 ? M. JJA-D26 also greatly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a, and significantly reduced the expression of subunits p47phox and gp91phox of NADPH oxidase complex (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) compared to apocynin. This work may provide useful information for the research and development of potent anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation drugs targeting NADPH oxidase.
Atmospheric controls on hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition of meteoric and surface waters in Patagonia

Abstract. The southern tip of South America, commonly referred to as Patagonia, is a key area to understand Southern Hemisphere Westerlies (SHW) dynamics and orographic isotope effects in precipitation. However, only few studies have addressed these topics. We evaluated the stable isotope (δ2H, δ18O) compositions of precipitation, lentic waters, and lotic waters in that area to characterize and understand isotope fractionation processes associated with orographic rainout, moisture recycling and moisture sources. Observational data were interpreted with the help of backward trajectory modelling of moisture sources using reanalysis climate data. While the Pacific serves as the exclusive moisture source for sites upwind of the Andes and on the immediate downwind area of the Andes, recycled moisture from the continent seems to be the main humidity source at the Patagonian Atlantic coast. In contrast, the Pampean Atlantic coast north of Patagonia obtains moisture from the Atlantic Ocean. In the core zone of the SHW at a latitude of 50° S, a depletion in the heavy isotopes of 10 ‰ and 85 ‰, for δ18O and δ2H, respectively, occurs due to orographic rainout corresponding to a drying ratio of 0.45.
Seed plant features, distribution patterns, diversity hotspots, and conservation gaps in Xinjiang, China

The flora in Xinjiang is unique. Decisions about biodiversity conservation and management based on seed plant diversity hotspots and conservation gaps in Xinjiang are essential to maintain this unique flora. Based on a species distribution dataset of seed plants, we measured seed plant diversity using species richness and phylogenetic diversity indices. Five percent of Xinjiang’s total land area with the highest biodiversity was used to identify hotspots for each index. In total, eight hotspots were identified. Most hotspots were located in mountainous areas, mainly in the Tianshan Mountains and Altai Mountains. Furthermore, we detected conservation gaps for Xinjiang’s seed flora hotspots by overlaying nature reserve maps on to maps of identified hotspots and we designated priority conservation gaps for hotspots by overlaying global biodiversity hotspot maps on to hotspot conservation gaps maps. Most of Xinjiang’s seed plant hotspots are poorly protected; only 10.45% of these hotspots were covered by nature reserves. We suggest that it is essential to promote network function of nature reserves within these hotspots in Xinjiang to conserve this unique flora.
An AFIS functionality for the European Criminal Records Information System: A preliminary assessment of DG JUST decentralised option supported by pseudonymised index-filter

At the request of DG JUST, the JRC presents in this background note a preliminary assessment of a possible successful introduction of a new Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) functionality in ECRIS. It provides a technical assessment of the proposed decentralized privacy-preserving approach based on a pseudonymised index-filter shared by all Member States (MS), and lists the main technical and architectural challenges.
Semantic Annotation of Pedagogic Documents

To teach, teacher needs help for sharing these educational documents, and especially his knowledge. We present an approach to overcome the difficulty of sharing educational materials and facilitate access to content; we describe semantically these documents to make them accessible and available to different users. The main idea in our annotation approach is based on: (1) Identify key words in a document, to have a good presentation of the document, we extract the candidate words by applying a weighting process and another process using similarity measure, These keywords candidates are reconciled with ontology to determine the appropriate concepts. (2) As document reference generally other documents, we propagate the annotations of references for citing document. (3) A process of validation will be applied each time an annotation is added in order to keep the coherence of the base of annotation. After evaluation with several types of pedagogic documents, our approach achieved a good performance; this suggests that teachers can be greatly helped for the semantic annotation of their pedagogical documents.
The Continuum of Mind-Body Interplay—From Placebo Effect to Unexplained Cures

Mind and body are components of the same entity, with many relations of great importance to health and disease. The next medical frontier will be to answer what are all the mind and body relations, and how it can be explored in clinical practice. In the present manuscript, the authors collected elements that could collaborate to such advancement. The first challenge is to identify how diverse mind-body phenomena, apparently different, may share common grounds, as different manifestations from a unique self-healing mechanism. The range of such spectrum goes from the underestimated placebo effect to the unexplained cure of serious diseases. In such continuum of common and uncommon phenomena regarding mind-body interactions, small daily wonders may be found in the placebo effect and spirituality in health; unusual special marvels may be found in altered states of consciousness; and great rare miracles may be found in trance states and unexplained cures. Some informal mind-body interventions may have the potential to support the clinical treatment and they could be prescribed by every clinician. Finally, the advancement of the self-healing concept could lead to a better clinical exploration of such natural hidden potential.
Defining evidence-based marketing strategies for wine producers and wine tourist
destinations

The Total Antioxidant Index (TAA-I) can be viewed as a wine added value, for which consumers are willing to pay, and as a determinant in developing successful differentiated marketing strategies. This interdisciplinary study aims to harness potentials existing in an evidence-based wine TAA-I and territorial data on wine production. According to the Resource Based Theory (RBT), only above-average performances identify valuable resources. By applying the theory, data on regional areas planted with vines as well as a seminal study ranking thirteen selected Italian wines based on their TAA-I have been analyzed. Wine growing vocation represents a valuable resource only in six out of twenty Italian regions. Eleven vine areas of origin can be assumed as being important, especially in Northern and Central Italy. The TAA-I positions achieved by selected wines are far from being expressed, and thus promoted, by adopting labels based on production traditions. The 1997 sample database adopted by this study needs to be updated with a more recent one and expanded in further researches. Thus, researches of evidencebased marketing, thus hidden and objective quality attributes of wine, are needed and urgent but still in their infancy. Results obtained by this study allow decision makers to set-up a RBT-rooted benchmark system connecting biomedical studies, economic and marketing studies.
Sensor Validation in Nuclear Power Plant using the Method of Boosting

When sensor parameters cannot be directly measured, estimation of their performance can be carried out using other plant variables that can be measured, so long as they are correlated with the sensor parameters. The correlations can cause computational difficulties. Well-established techniques exist for dealing with these difficulties in the case where the relationship between the predictor variables and the response variable is approximately linear, but for cases where the relationship is nonlinear, the situation is less-well understood. This paper demonstrates that estimation of sensor performance in the nonlinear case can be reliably achieved using elementary neural networks that are subjected to the method of boosting. We first apply this method to a set of data from a nuclear power plant (NPP) in Florida that has been widely studied elsewhere. We show that for this data, which is close to linear, our boosting method provides estimates that are competitive with those obtained using regularized linear models. We then consider a data set from a NPP in the Netherlands where the relationship between predictor and response variables is considerably nonlinear and show that the boosting method gives excellent estimates.
Self-Regulation and Entrepreneurial Learning

Research on entrepreneurial learning often stresses the role of experience and previous knowledge. We aim to advance this perspective by pointing out the prerequisites and limitations of experience-based forms of learning and by adapting findings from educational psychology to the entrepreneurial context. Developing a model of self-regulated entrepreneurial learning (SREL) we pursue a more process oriented view of entrepreneurial learning in order to explain how learning unfolds in contexts of uncertainty and novelty when relevant experience and knowledge are scarce. The model comprises a planning, a performance and a review phase in order to support entrepreneurs in their learning process. It is suggested how SREL is related to self-efficacy, emotions and cognitive biases.
Border Effects and East-West Integration

A new method for measuring trade potential from border effects is developed and applied to manufactured trade between the old fifteen European Union (EU) members and twelve Central and East European (CEE) economies. Border effects are estimated with three theoretically compatible trade specifications, and much larger trade potentials are obtained than predicted by usual trade potential models. Even after a decade of regional trade liberalization, the integration of CEE and EU economies is two to three times weaker than intra-EU integration, revealing a large potential for East-West European trade.
Catastrofismo y culpa en torno al tema del agua: percepciones de los estudiantes universitarios

With the purpose of involving students in responsible use of water, two institutions of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM): the General Direction of Attention for the Attention of the University Community (DGACU) and the Program for Water Management, Use and Reuse (PUMAGUA), organize the festival H2O: expected effect every year, one of its components being a contest of micro stories. In 2011 the genre of this contest was terror and the subject, efficient management of water. When analyzing the micro-stories the main findings are the following: a lack of knowledge about fundamental aspects regarding water conservation, as well as feelings and values that do not contribute to responsible practices, such as guilt and environmental indifference. The results of Además de las tareas propias de las autoridades en el sentido de su manejo eficiente, es imprescindible que la población emprenda hábitos responsables hacia
Smart Cities: Challenges and Beyond

A smart city is an interconnection of objects in which each object plays a role of a source node. The data and information is collected from the source node for further computation and communication. A city can only be called a smart city if certain attributes are available such as clean water, good transport, energy efficiency, well-structured infrastructure, Internet of Things (IoT), mobile health (m-health), and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the things that form a smart city. We focus on applications and technologies and identify different challenges in a smart city. Furthermore, the critical evaluation of different standards, architectures and frameworks form part of the paper.
Evaluation of Soaked Wooden Killer Blocks for Male Annihilation (MA) on Fruit Fly Bactrocera Spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The replacement of plastic traps with wooden blocks soaked in lure mixed with insecticide was assessed. Blocks are cheaper, simple and less likely to be blown down or stolen compared with plastic traps. Square and oblong are more effective against round and hexagonal. Plywood is best for block construction. About 92% flies caught were Bactrocera zonata Saunders and the remaining was B. dorsalis Hendel. Incase of mixture composition, 6:4:1 is more important than other ratios. Spacing of 20 m between blocks appeared to be optimal, so it could be recommended 10-blocks/acre.
Program Participation Behavior of Nonindustrial Forest Landowners: A Probit Analysis

Abstract This study provides an analysis of nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners' participation in forestry assistance programs. A probit model was used for data collected from a random sample of 329 Indiana landowners. The analysis revealed that total land owned, commercial reasons for ownership, government sources of information, and membership in forestry organizations influenced NIPF landowners' program participation. Age, fear of loss of property rights, and duration since the first wooded tract was acquired also influenced program participation. Location of landowners' residence on their wooded land and landowners' knowledge of and willingness to participate in a conservation easement influenced the participation in cost-share programs.
A New Look at School Enrolment in Ghana: A Statistical Analysis

This paper assesses the determinants of school enrolment in Ghana during the period from1970-2012 using data from World Bank Development Indicators.The study employed the Bayesian Moving Average model (BMA) in order to address the issue of model uncertainty. By making use of 28 regressors as possible determinants of school enrolment, the results of the empirical analysis show that percentage of female teachers in the community, number of schools in the community, household expenditure, labour force with primary education, progression rate to secondary level. Among others are the factors that influence enrolment level. The results are robust with the change of coefficient priors in the estimated model. Government should introduce the quota system where more females will be trained as teachers and also introduce more programmes to reduce fertility rate.