Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stopping Wildlife Poaching Using Face Recognition

: Poaching is illegal hunting, killing of wild animals also referred to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species. It's considered as an ecological wrong doing against the regular assets, unlawful catching of natural life for creature extravagances, for example, ivory, horn, teeth, skin and bone. India is home to some of the most beautiful animals on the planet such as Tiger, Elephant, Rhino, Leopard, Lizard and many types of snakes. These glorious creatures were utilized for games of chasing, presently they are ensured under the wildlife protection act of India. Sadly enough, the population of these beautiful wild animals of India are going down because of Poaching for ivory, horn, teeth and skin. In this project, we proposed to stop the poaching by using face recognition technology for the detection unauthorized persons responsible for poaching. Government has installed several cameras for the purpose of monitoring the wildlife in the forest. We are planning to connect the face recognition to that and with we will be able to detect the person, his location in the forest and an alarm will be sent if the person is not on the database of the forest department. Here we are also planning to update the architecture of the system so the detection will be much better from the previously designed systems. In this paper an algorithm is provided for face detection in noisy background with additional spoof face detection. The implemented algorithms are CNN
Duration Modeling Techniques for Indian Language TTS System: A Review

-Duration is one of the prosodic features of speech the other two being stress and intonation. The primary goal in duration modeling is to model the duration pattern of natural speech, considering various features that affect the pattern. Accurate estimation of segmental durations is crucial for natural sounding text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. Variation in segmental duration serves as a cue to the identity of a speech sound and helps to segment a continuous flow of sounds into words and phrases thereby increasing the naturalness and intelligibility. This review traces the earlier works carried out by the researchers on the duration modeling with a number of features considered and their usefulness and relative contribution for segmental duration prediction
Altitudinal Variation in the Life History of the Golden‐Mantled Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus Lateralis)

The life history of golden—mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis) varied across a climatic gradient. I live— and snap—trapped at 4 and 5 elevations, respectively, in the northeastern Sierra Nevada of California for 3 yr. Higher elevation populations were characterized by (1) shorter aboveground active seasons of adults and juveniles, (2) later age at first reproduction in ♀ ♀, (3) greater ♀ survivorship, and (4) lower ovulation rates yielding smaller uterine litters. Analysis of covariance of litter size (N = 284) showed that litter size is partly explained, in decreasing order of importance, be elevation, body weight, and age of the mother. Neither loss of ova nor embryonic mortality contributed to elevational differences in live embryos per litter. Embryonic mortality decreased with altitude. Survivorship of young to 1 yr of age was low (15%—18%) and did not vary with altitude. The sex ratio was even among young—of—the—year (N = 351), but favored ♀ ♀ at 1 yr of age and older (N = 438). Based on tooth wear ages and uterine litter sizes, I constructed fecundity tables for 4 populations. The demographic variation may have arisen from several sources: (1) selection were early winters may have caused variable juvenile mortality (bet—hedging strategy), (2) selection where long winters may have enhanced adult survivorship and diminished the reproductive capability of younger ♀ ♀, or (3) phenotypic plasticity.
Genetic parameter estimates for wood density, transition age, and radial growth in slash pine

Genetic parameters for wood density and wood density components of slash pine (Pinuselliottii Engelm.) were estimated using measurements on 56 open-pollinated families. Increment cores were taken at breast height from six trees per family on each of two sites and density profiles generated using X-ray densitometry. There was no practical genetic variance for earlywood density; however, ring density, latewood density, latewood percentage, and transition ages for those traits were all heritable. Moderate selection pressure (selection of top 25%) on transition age would be expected to decrease transition age by approximately 1 year, but this would likely cause a correlated increase in the density of juvenile wood, and decrease in the density of mature wood. Selection for increased mature wood density and juvenile wood density will likely increase whole tree density by 0.02 g/cm3.
Image Processing of Vegetables and Predicting Disease

Diseases present in vegetables as well as fruits are producing huge number of sufferings in the economic losses with addition to the losses of our agricultural industry worldwide. The main concern of this project is to understand various issues faced by the farmers in addition to consumer community also and hence to deliver a solution in regard to this major issue for farmers in detecting and classifying the category of the disease present in the vegetables and fruits. According to various studies we concluded that the diseases could occur through various aspects like viruses, fungus, bacteria etc. Hence as a result there is a great need to terminate such precious losses to the vegetables along with the farmers and in addition with the whole agricultural environment. Sometimes not only such aspects can cause damage to the vegetables but also there are many more reasons which are improper transportation of these vegetables from one origin to another, diverse climatic conditions could also be a reason of such causes. We have used python as a programming language with OpenCV library and HSV model of object detection to derive the optimal results. This library is used to perform several image manipulation operations. The dataset including numerous amount having traces of bacteria, fungi, etc. on vegetables are created. Then we implied HSV model which helps us to detect the spots or we can say traces of bacteria, fungi on the vegetables and hence the mask of that region is separated from the RGB image. GUI is created in python only which makes the program interactive with the user. Hence as a result we are able to see different types of spots for different type of disease
Molecular and morphological analyses of Bryopsis (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) from the western North Atlantic and Caribbean

Abstract Three species of Bryopsis have commonly been reported from the western North Atlantic, but continuous morphological variation has often confounded specimen identification. This study evaluates the utility of the coding and non-coding sequences of the psbB gene cluster of Bryopsis, compared to morphological characters, as a means of distinguishing Bryopsis species. The sequences examined include a group II intron within the psbT gene, the 3′ exon of this gene, the spacer separating psbT and psbH, as well as the 5′ part of the latter gene. Sequences of 616 bp of Bryopsis from 28 collections from the study area were aligned with those for eight collections from elsewhere in the Atlantic and Pacific, in order to test the monophyly of Atlantic Bryopsis. The phylogenies were rooted using Lambia as an outgroup. Parsimony analysis resolved the sequences into five clades, with strong bootstrap support. Three of the clades had wide distributions, two including individuals from both the western and eastern North Atlantic and the Pacific and one including plants from the Caribbean and the Pacific. The other two clades were more restricted: one clade was found only in the warm temperate western North Atlantic, and the other derived from the central California coast. Three methods of cluster analysis were applied to the morphological data but failed to find robust higher level structure; they neither supported nor refuted the molecular data. The four clades from the western North Atlantic and Caribbean appear to be either seasonally or geographically disjunct throughout this region. The molecular data support the current recognition of multiple species of Bryopsis along the western North Atlantic, some with worldwide distributions, but the morphological data do not correlate with this.
Mathematical Modelling Based Demand Response Analysis of Major Household Appliances

This paper discusses the power consumption profile and demand response potential of home appliances in India. It includes WH (water heater), HVAC (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system, cloth dryer, washing machine and critical appliances. Mathematical module of these appliances have been developed. Simulation results show that the water heater has highest demand response potential followed by cloth dryer, HVAC, and washing machine. Consumer life style and comfort is affected if DR (Demand Response) is applied in critical appliances. This paper provides an insight that how much DR can be performed for residential consumers
Time‐resolved X‐ray crystallography: uncovering reaction intermediates in biochemical processes

X-ray crystallography plays a fundamental role in modern biochemistry and molecular biology, providing the structural basis for understanding the functionality of biological macromolecules. Indeed, biochemistry and molecular biology textbooks greatly benefit from the use of three-dimensional structures to address general concepts and to illustrate specific aspects of the biochemical processes. Structural analyses of model systems such as serine proteases are widely used to illustrate the molecular bases of key biochemical events, including protein-protein recognition, catalysis and enzyme regulation [ 1,2]. Moreover, the comparative analysis of the three-dimensional structures of deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin, in the absence and presence of modulators, has provided a structure-based framework for a rational approach to complex phenomena such as allostery [3-51. Remarkably, about five new three-dimensional structures are deposited every day in the Protein Data Bank (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb), underlining the potentiality and the educational role of crystallography in biochemistry and molecular biology teaching. The biological activity of macromolecules is generally characterized by rapid (4 1 s) structural changes. However, due to the long time average represented by X-ray crystal structures (X-ray diffraction data are collected over intervals of several minutes to hours), the use of this technique in describing transient biochemical processes was, until recently, very limited. From this point of view, the development of time-resolved multiwavelength Laue crystallography was a major breakthrough, since it allows one to follow the time course of biochemical processes, through the related three-dimensional struc-
A Study on Quantum Cryptography and Post Quantum Cryptography

1. 서론 현재 사용되고 있는 암호체계로는 RSA공개키 방식이 대표적이다. R. Rivest, A. Shamir, L. Adleman이 개발한 RSA공개키 암호체계[1]는 송신자가 공개키를 이용해 메시 지를 암호화 하고 수신자는 자신만이 알고 있는 비밀키를 이용해 평문화를 한다. 이 공개키 방식의 암호를 풀기 위 해서는 소인수분해를 해야 하는데 아무리 성능 좋은 컴퓨 터라도 큰 수의 소인수분해는 풀기 어려워 안전한 암호체 계다. 그러나 1990년대 중반, 벨연구소의 응용수학자 Peter Shor가 소인수분해를 쉽게 할 수 있는 양자알고리즘을 개 발했다[2], [3]. 이는 양자컴퓨터가 개발이 되면 지금의 공 개키 방식의 암호체계가 도청 위협에 직면했다는 것이다. 이 문제에 대한 대안으로 1983년 처음 Stephen Wiesner가 제안한 양자암호[4], [5]가 있다. 양자암호란 빛의 양자 역 학을 이용한 암호 체계이다. 이와 함께 Wiesner는 위조 불 가능한 화폐인 양자 화폐[6]를 구상했다. 양자 얽힘이라는 양자 역학적 특성을 이용한 양자 화폐는 최근 위조화폐로 문제가 되고 있는 부분에 대해 최적의 대응책으로 여겨지 고 있다. 본 논문에서는 양자암호와 포스트 양자암호를 다루고 BB84 프로토콜을 포함한 양자키 분배 프로토콜들에 대한 기존 연구 결과를 살펴본다. 그리고 양자 화폐에 대해 자
SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF TRANSPLANTED FONTINALIS DALECARLICA (BRYOPHYTA) IN CONTROLLED FLOW AND SHORT-TERM REGULATED FLOW SITES IN THE PERHONJOKI RIVER, WESTERN FINLAND

Impoundment, channelisation and short-term regulation of the Perhonjoki river have caused changes in the distribution and abundance of aquatic mosses. While some moss species have colonised the beds in the channelised and short-term regulated part of the river, Fontinalis spp. are mainly restricted to the sites above the power plant where flow variability is low. Therefore, as a first step towards gaining a better understanding of the factors contributing to the distribution and abundance of Fontinalis dalecarlica (Bruch & Schimp, Fontinalaceae) in the Perhonjoki, a transplant experiment was conducted to test whether short-term flow regulation restricts the survival and growth of this species. Artificial substrates with tufts of F. dalecarlica were transplanted in July 1993 to controlled flow and short-term regulated flow riffles, above and below the Kaitfors power plant, respectively. Survival and growth were monitored for 1 year. F. dalecarlica survived the winter and grew well during the summer in the short-term regulated flow site. Mosses did not grow at the controlled flow site. Effects of channelisation are partly seen in the fate of the substrates. At the controlled flow site, ten of the 30 substrates were lost during the winter, and 67% of the substrates in the mid-channel sub-area and 40% of the substrates in the sub-area near the bank had suffered severely during this experiment. At the short-term regulated flow site, the equivalent percentages were 17, 13 and 27%, respectively. Hygrohypnum spp. attached to the substrates during the summer of 1994. The results indicate that short-term regulation does not prevent the survival and growth of F. dalecarlica and thus does not prevent this species from surviving in the areas below the power plant. Present environmental conditions seem to contribute to the poor colonising capability of this species and thus limit colonisation. However, we suggest that the recovery of F. dalecarlica could be enhanced by moss transplant. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Food of the opossum Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr) in the Waiho Valley, South Westland

Abstract Opossums liberated in the Westland National Park between 1924 and 1930 became established. Analysis of 12 months' faecal samples (1974-75) showed that in the Waiho Valley opossums strongly preferred six plant species, but also ate others. Leaves were the most important food, though fragments of fruit, seed, bark, petiole, and invertebrates were found in the faeces. The preferred species included Metrosideros umbellata and Fuchsia excorticata; if these are drastically depleted by continued browsing, the abundance of birds that eat their nectar and fruit may also be reduced.
Regulation of the Inward Rectifying Properties of G-protein-activated Inwardly Rectifying K+ (GIRK) Channels by Gβγ Subunits*

Gβγ subunits are known to bind to and activate G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+channels (GIRK) by regulating their open probability and bursting behavior. Studying G-protein regulation of either native GIRK (IKACh) channels in feline atrial myocytes or heterologously expressed GIRK1/4 channels in Chinese hamster ovary cells and HEK 293 cells uncovered a novel Gβγ subunit mediated regulation of the inwardly rectifying properties of these channels. IKACh activated by submaximal concentrations of acetylcholine exhibited a ∼2.5-fold stronger inward rectification than IKACh activated by saturating concentrations of acetylcholine. Similarly, the inward rectification of currents through GIRK1/4 channels expressed in HEK cells was substantially weakened upon maximal stimulation with co-expressed Gβγ subunits. Analysis of the outward current block underlying inward rectification demonstrated that the fraction of instantaneously blocked channels was reduced when Gβγ was over-expressed. The Gβγ induced weakening of inward rectification was associated with reduced potencies for Ba2+ and Cs+ to block channels from the extracellular side. Based on these results we propose that saturation of the channel with Gβγ leads to a conformational change within the pore of the channel that reduced the potency of extracellular cations to block the pore and increased the fraction of channels inert to a pore block in outward direction.
Speckle Noise Reduction for 3D Power Doppler Ventricle Image Restoration Using Wavelet Packet Transform

Speckle noise reduction for 3D power doppler ventricle coherent image for restoration and enhancement using wavelet packet transform with separated thresholding is presented. Wavelet Packet Transform divide into low frequency component image to high frequency component image to be multi-resolved. speckle noise is located on high frequency component in multiresolution image mainly. A ventricle image is transformed and inversed with separated threshold function from low to high resolved images for restoration to be utilize visualization for ventricle diagnosis. The experimental result shows that the proposed method has better performance in comparison with the conventional method.
Implicit Landmark Path Indexing for Bounded Label Constrained Reachable Paths

In today’s Big Data era, a graph is an essential tool that models the semi-structured or unstructured data. Graph reachability with vertex or edge constraints is one of the basic queries to extract useful information from the graph data. From the graph reachability with constraints, we obtained the information about the existence of a path between the given two vertices satisfying the vertex or edge constraints. The problem of Label Constraint Reachability (LCR) found the existence of a path between the two given vertices such that the edge-labels along the path are the subset of the given edge-label constraint. We extended the LCR queries by considering weighted directed graphs and proposed a novel technique of finding paths for LCR queries bounded by path weight. We termed these paths as bounded label constrained reachable paths (BLCRP). We extended the landmark path indexing technique [1] by incorporating the implicit paths which satisfy the user constraints but need not satisfy the minimality of edge label sets. We solved the BLCRP by using the extended landmark path indexing and BFS based query processing. We addressed the following challenges through our proposed technique of implicit landmark path indexing in the problem of BLCRP that included (1) the need to handle exponential number of edge label combinations with an additional total path weight constraint, and (2) the need to discover a technique that finds exact reachable paths between the given vertices. This problem could be applied to real network scenarios like road networks, social networks, and proteinprotein interaction networks. Our experiments and statistical analysis revealed the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach tested on synthetic and real datasets.
FEATURE EXTRACTION: AN APPLICATION TO OBJECT AND IMAGE RECOGNITION

-Today technology is all about Artificial Intelligence. AI is a field that has brought the world up to a next level in the arena of innovation and automation. Feature extraction is a basic step in image processing and many other AI techniques. Without features, any image or subject is exactly same as a blank sheet of paper. Even a slightest part taken from an image can help extracting important information about it by just observing and extracting the features. No matter it is data mining, clustering, market analysis or any other field, without the knowledge of features none of them can work accurately. Feature extraction is that important technique which helps to detect every basic detail. In the presented paper, the main focus is on various feature extraction techniques and how those can be beneficial to identify different subjects in an image with clustered scene.
I. INTRODUCTION Ingenuityis animperativedriver for boostingfuture growth, productivity andsustainable economic prosperity. Where a dynamic ingenuity ecosystem entailsinnovative, novel and creative qualitythat is crucial to move anyonefrom being an inventor follower (amarketfollower) to becomea leade

332 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: B10570782S219/19©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B1057. 0782S219 Abstract: The age of fast modifications across the digital and new technology-driven economy, artificial intelligence, and fast cycles of product life have made engineering important for worldwide economic and social development. Further, ingenuity is also crucialinconfronting the uncertainties and challenges brought byIndustrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) and dynamic businessenvironment.Hence, this studyaims to analyze and look atthetitleof papersand articles on the ingenuity studies derived from Scopus database. By and large, ingenuity is defined as“the quality of inventive, original andnovelty”, This means an intrinsic or inborn skill for practical ideas, intelligence, ingenuity, creativity, and the ability to innovate, solve issues, and generate fresh stuff and ideas. In this study, the coverage we reviewed on ingenuity titles includes multidisciplines and regions from the entire perspective of ingenuity studies, not limited to the ingenuity of technology, science, production and engineering.Thus, it providesa profile and insights into the behavioursand attributesof the ingenuity study to discovera title of publications and researchevidenceor expectednessthat possibly will occur in papers.Data are collectedemployinga bibliometric approach to analyze the titles of papers, research and publications that have been listed and indexed by Scopus(exclude the publicationyear 2018). Therefore, all articles fromvarious type of documents and sourcesthat have ingenuity keyword in its title including author keywords and abstracts in the Scopus databasehas been obtained and analyzed.The result showsa total of 465 papers are obtainablefor further analysis after carrying out the cleanup process. Furthermore, it indicatesabout 75 percent or 346 out of 465 articles came from journals source type that has the ingenuity keywords in its.The outcomes of this bibliometric analysisarefound to be usefulfor researchersin providing valuable insight and understanding about the prospect and outlook of the global research on ingenuity as well as in finding future research direction.
Factors Affecting Online Buying Intention: The Case Of Tiki.vn

The purpose of this research is to explore the scale and identify factors affecting online buying intention in Ho Chi Minh City area. To conduct the research, the authors do group discussions and expert discussion and then analyzed 200 observations with six factors: perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, trust, vendor's creativity, perceived usefulness, and perceived risk. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) show that there are five factors: perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, trust, vendor's creativity and perceived usefulness that has a positive impact on online buying intention; besides, the result from the research is that perceived risk factor negatively affects the intention of online buyer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The contribution of this study is that the authors confirm the Theory of Reasoned Action (1967), the Theory of Planned Behavior (1991), Technology Accept Model (1986) in the context of online buying. Also, from qualitative studies and relevant studies, the author has adjusted the scale and analyzed data in a new context. Based on that, the research recommends the necessary management solutions to increase online buying intention and open a new field for further research.