Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Business group internationalization: choosing a host country according to institutional distance

Purpose – This research analyzes to what extent committing resources to the internationalization of family business groups is related to the institutional distance of the host country. Design/methodology/approach – We used OLS panel data with fixed effects. Findings – We identified that family business groups decide to internationalize themselves committing fewer resources to countries that present a positive institutional distance, and that are more institutionally developed than the country of origin. On the other hand, when family business groups choose to expand abroad committing more resources, they tend to invest in countries with a negative institutional distance, and that are less institutionally developed than the country of origin. Originality/value – Our main contribution to existing theory on internationalization of family business groups is to test the relationship between the level of resource commitment by family business groups in their international expansion and the institutional distance between the country of origin and the host country.
Women are better at seeing faces where there are none: an ERP study of face pareidolia.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 26 right-handed students while they detected pictures of animals intermixed with those of familiar objects, faces and faces-in-things (FITs). The face-specific N170 ERP component over the right hemisphere was larger in response to faces and FITs than to objects. The vertex positive potential (VPP) showed a difference in FIT encoding processes between males and females at frontal sites; while for men, the FIT stimuli elicited a VPP of intermediate amplitude (between that for faces and objects), for women, there was no difference in VPP responses to faces or FITs, suggesting a marked anthropomorphization of objects in women. SwLORETA source reconstructions carried out to estimate the intracortical generators of ERPs in the 150-190 ms time window showed how, in the female brain, FIT perception was associated with the activation of brain areas involved in the affective processing of faces (right STS, BA22; posterior cingulate cortex, BA22; and orbitofrontal cortex, BA10) in addition to regions linked to shape processing (left cuneus, BA18/30). Conversely, in the men, the activation of occipito/parietal regions was prevalent, with a considerably smaller activation of BA10. The data suggest that the female brain is more inclined to anthropomorphize perfectly real objects compared to the male brain.
Immunophenotype of normal vs. myeloma plasma cells: Toward antibody panel specifications for MRD detection in multiple myeloma

In recent years, several studies on large series of multiple myeloma (MM) patients have demonstrated the clinical utility of flow cytometry monitoring of minimal residual disease (flow‐MRD) in bone marrow (BM), for improved assessment of response to therapy and prognostication. However, disturbing levels of variability exist regarding the specific protocols and antibody panels used in individual laboratories. Overall, consensus exists about the utility of combined assessment of CD38 and CD138 for the identification of BM plasma cells (PC); in contrast, more heterogeneous lists of markers are used to further distinguish between normal/reactive PCs and myeloma PCs in the MRD settings. Among the later markers, CD19, CD45, CD27, and CD81, together with CD56, CD117, CD200, and CD307, have emerged as particularly informative; however, no single marker provides enough specificity for clear discrimination between clonal PCs and normal PCs. Accordingly, multivariate analyses of single PCs from large series of normal/reactive vs. myeloma BM samples have shown that combined assessment of CD138 and CD38, together with CD45, CD19, CD56, CD27, CD81, and CD117 would be ideally suited for MRD monitoring in virtually every MM patient. However, the specific antibody clones, fluorochrome conjugates and sources of the individual markers determines its optimal (vs. suboptimal or poor) performance in an eight‐color staining. Assessment of clonality, via additional cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (CyIg) κ vs. CyIgλ evaluation, may contribute to further establish the normal/reactive vs. clonal nature of small suspicious PC populations at high sensitivity levels, provided that enough cells are evaluated. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Pulse-coupled relaxation oscillators: From biological synchronization to self-organized criticality.

It is shown that globally coupled oscillators with pulse interaction can synchronize under broader conditions than widely believed from a theorem of Mirollo and Strogatz. This behavior is stable against frozen disorder. Beside the relevance to biology, it is argued that synchronization in relaxation oscillator models is related to self-organized criticality in stick-slip-like models.
Toxicology of choroid plexus: Special reference to metal‐induced neurotoxicities

The chemical stability in the brain underlies normal human thinking, learning, and behavior. Compelling evidence demonstrates a definite capacity of the choroid plexus in sequestering toxic heavy metal and metalloid ions. As the integrity of blood‐brain and blood‐CSF barriers, both structurally and functionally, is essential to brain chemical stability, the role of the choroid plexus in metal‐induced neurotoxicities has become an important, yet under‐investigated research area in neurotoxicology. Metals acting on the choroid plexus can be categorized into three major groups. A general choroid plexus toxicant can directly damage the choroid plexus structure such as mercury and cadmium. A selective choroid plexus toxicant may impair specific plexus regulatory pathways that are critical to brain development and function, rather than induce massive pathological alteration. The typical examples in this category include lead‐induced alteration in transthyretin production and secretion as well as manganese interaction with iron in the choroid plexus. Furthermore, a sequestered choroid plexus toxicant, such as iron, silver, or gold, may be sequestered by the choroid plexus as an essential CNS defense mechanism. Our current knowledge on the toxicological aspect of choroid plexus research is still incomplete. Thus, the future research needs have been suggested to focus on the role of choroid plexus in early CNS development as affected by metal sequestration in this tissue, to explore how metal accumulation alters the capacity of the choroid plexus in regulation of certain essential elements involved in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases, and to better understand the blood‐CSF barrier as a defense mechanism in overall CNS function. Microsc. Res. Tech. 52:89–103, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationship of Arachidonic Acid Concentration to Cyclooxygenase‐Dependent Human Platelet Aggregation

Inhibition of ex vivo arachidonic acid (AA)–induced aggregation is a biomarker for the isotype selectivity of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors since platelets express COX‐1 but not COX‐2. At low concentrations, there is broad inter‐ and intrasubject variability in AA‐induced aggregation of platelets ex vivo. This study defined a concentration that reliably induces aggregation without overcoming inhibition by therapeutic aspirin therapy (ASA, 81‐mg) treatment. Logistic regression analysis of ex vivo aggregation, induced with increasing concentrations of AA in platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), estimated that platelets from ≥ 90% of subjects would aggregate at ≥ 1.5 mM AA (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1, 2.1). A concentration of 1.6 mM AA failed to aggregate platelets from 26 healthy volunteers, who had previously aggregated at this concentration, following six daily oral doses of 81 mg of ASA. These data demonstrate that 1.6 mM AA reproducibly induces platelet aggregation in PRP from healthy volunteers without overcoming the antiplatelet effect of daily low‐dose aspirin therapy.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour with vascular differentiation: a report of four cases

Four cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour showing vascular differentiation are described. One case was associated with neurofibromatosis 1 and contained angiosarcomatous, cartilaginous and rhabdomyoblastic elements. The other cases occurred in patients without neurofibromatosis and showed a spectrum of vascular lesions ranging from lobulated, haemangioma‐like structures to angiosarcoma. These are the first recorded examples of this phenomenon not associated with neurofibromatosis. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated the endothelial nature of the lesions in all cases and revealed cells positive for α‐smooth muscle actin, probably pericytes, closely apposed to the endothelium.
Bacterial meningitis and inflammation

Purpose of reviewBacterial meningitis is a condition in which inflammation plays a role in disease resolution and also contributes to morbidity. Markers of inflammation may be used to aid in establishing diagnoses and prognoses. Medical management aimed at modulating the inflammatory response with broadly active, potent glucocorticosteroids has proved useful as an adjunct to antimicrobial therapy in selected patient populations. Basic immunobiologists, in describing components of the immune response that define its features of specificity, recognition, activation, regulation and tolerance induction have opened the door for the development of agents with focused activity that permit selective immunomodulation. New insights regarding management may result from a better understanding of the role of inflammation in bacterial meningitis. Recent findingsInsights have been gained from recent basic and clinical scientific investigations that examine the components and consequences of inflammation in animal models and patients with bacterial meningitis. SummaryThis issue of Current Opinion in Neurology addresses recent reports that illustrate aspects of the inflammatory responses associated with bacterial meningitis that emphasize the need for early diagnosis, and contribute to prognosis assessment, and reviews the investigations that may predict the next steps in the evolution of clinical management.
Evaluation of N95 respirator use with a surgical mask cover: effects on breathing resistance and inhaled carbon dioxide.

OBJECTIVE For pandemic influenza outbreaks, the Institute of Medicine has recommended using a surgical mask cover (SM) over N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) among healthcare workers as one strategy to avoid surface contamination of the FFR which would extend its efficacy and reduce the threat of exhausting FFR supplies. The objective of this investigation was to measure breathing air quality and breathing resistance when using FFRs with US Food and Drug Administration-cleared SM and without SM. METHODS Thirty National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved FFR models with and without SM were evaluated using the NIOSH Automated Breathing and Metabolic Simulator (ABMS) through six incremental work rates. RESULTS Generally, concentrations of average inhaled CO(2) decreased and average inhaled O(2) increased with increasing O(2) consumption for FFR+SM and FFR-only. For most work rates, peak inhalation and exhalation pressures were statistically higher in FFR+SM as compared with FFR-only. The type of FFR and the presence of exhalation valves (EVs) had significant effects on average inhaled CO(2), average inhaled O(2), and breathing pressures. The evidence suggests that placement of an SM on one type of FFR improved inhaled breathing gas concentrations over the FFR without SM; the placement of an SM over an FFR+EV probably will prevent the EV from opening, regardless of activity intensity; and, at lower levels of energy expenditure, EVs in FFR do not open either with or without an SM. CONCLUSIONS The differences in inhaled gas concentrations in FFR+SM and FFR-only were significant, especially at lower levels of energy expenditure. The orientation of the SM on the FFR may have a significant effect on the inhaled breathing quality and breathing resistance, although the measurable inhalation and exhalation pressures caused by SM over FFR for healthcare users probably will be imperceptible at lower activity levels.
Comparison of 1.5- and 3.0-T MR imaging for evaluating the articular cartilage of the knee joint.

PURPOSE To retrospectively compare the diagnostic performance of 1.5- and 3.0-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocols for evaluating the articular cartilage of the knee joint in symptomatic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This HIPAA-compliant study was performed with a waiver of informed consent from the institutional review board. The study group consisted of 200 symptomatic patients undergoing MR examination of the knee at 1.5 T (61 men, 39 women; mean age, 38.9 years) or 3.0 T (52 men, 48 women; mean age, 39.1 years), who also underwent subsequent arthroscopic knee surgery. All MR examinations consisted of multiplanar fast spin-echo sequences with similar tissue contrast at 1.5 and 3.0 T. All articular surfaces were graded at arthroscopy by using the Noyes classification system. Three musculoskeletal radiologists retrospectively and independently graded all articular surfaces seen at MR imaging by using a similar classification system. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the 1.5- and 3.0-T MR protocols for detecting cartilage lesions were determined by using arthroscopy as the reference standard. The z test was used to compare sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values at 1.5 and 3.0 T. RESULTS For all readers combined, the respective sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MR imaging for detecting cartilage lesions were 69.3%, 78.0%, and 74.5% at 1.5 T (n = 241) and 70.5%, 85.9%, and 80.1% at 3.0 T (n = 226). The MR imaging protocol had significantly higher specificity and accuracy (P < .05) but not higher sensitivity (P = .73) for detecting cartilage lesions at 3.0 T than at 1.5 T. CONCLUSION A 3.0-T MR protocol has improved diagnostic performance for evaluating the articular cartilage of the knee joint in symptomatic patients when compared with a 1.5-T protocol.
Combined resection of the pancreas and portal vein for pancreatic cancer

Between March 1976 and December 1992, 137 (57 per cent) of 239 patients with pancreatic duct cell cancer underwent resection; 79 (58 per cent) of the 137 had combined resection of the pancreas and portal vein. Sixty‐three of the 79 patients underwent resection of the portal vein alone; six died (mortality rate 10 per cent). The mortality rate was the same as that in 58 patients with no resection of the portal vein. In the remaining 16 patients adjacent arteries were also resected, with seven deaths. Of patients with resection of the portal vein alone who underwent curative resection, four survived more than 5 years, accounting for nearly half of the nine 5‐year survivors. Combined resection of the pancreas and portal vein is associated with both an increased resectability rate and improved long‐term survival.
Systemic, cellular and molecular analysis of chemoreflex‐mediated sympathoexcitation by chronic intermittent hypoxia

Patients with recurrent apnoeas exhibit autonomic abnormalities manifested as persistent increase in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Several studies suggest that chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) resulting from recurrent apnoeas is a major stimulus for evoking autonomic morbidity. Although it has been proposed that CIH, by way of activating the chemoreceptor reflex, leads to sympathetic excitation, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Studies on experimental models have provided new insights into the mechanisms associated with CIH‐evoked sympathoexcitation. The purpose of this article is to highlight recent information on systemic, cellular and molecular analysis of the effects of CIH on chemoreceptor‐mediated sympathoexcitation. Chronic intermittent hypoxia exerts two major effects on the chemoreceptor reflex: (a) augmentation of the carotid body and sympathetic effector responses to acute hypoxia; and (b) induction of long‐lasting activation of both the sensor and the effector that persists several hours after termination of CIH. Available evidence indicates that CIH may facilitate processing of chemoreceptor afferent information at the central nervous system. Recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen species‐mediated signalling is a major cellular mechanism, and transcriptional activation by hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 is one of the critical molecular mechanisms underlying chemoreceptor‐mediated sympathoexcitation by CIH.
Recent advances in the management of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma

ABSTRACT Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a unique and biologically fascinating group of poorly differentiated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however it is highly aggressive with poor overall survival compared to other types of NSCLC. Radical surgery remains the standard of care for early localized disease but this has shown to result in high recurrence rates. Traditional palliative chemotherapy is associated with poor response in advanced/metastatic PSC. Recent comprehensive genetic studies and clinical observations are starting to elucidate the key oncogenic underpinnings of PSC. In particular, the recent identification of frequent genetic alterations of the MET gene leading to exon 14 skipping have yielded actionable targets for intervention with available MET inhibitors for a subset of PSC patients. Immunotherapy against immune checkpoints, such as anti-PD1/PD-L1 agents, have also raised great interest for the management of PSC. A growing understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PSC is rapidly yielding novel approaches for the treatment of this deadly malignancy.
Mitochondria‐Targeted Antioxidants and Uncouplers of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Treatment of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) development is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive ROS production. Mitochondrial dysfunctions also occur in many SIRS‐related diseases and may be critical for their pathogenesis; therefore, a use of mitochondria‐targeted drugs is a promising trend in SIRS research and therapy. Here, we review recent studies concerning the application of the mitochondria‐targeted antioxidants and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in animal models of SIRS and related diseases. We propose that a new class of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, lipophilic cations could be a base for a new generation of drugs for SIRS treatment. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 904–912, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The first relatively complete exoccipital-opisthotic from the braincase of the Callovian pliosaur, Liopleurodon

A newly recognized left exoccipital-opisthotic of a Callovian pliosaur, derived from the Peterborough or lower Stewarby Members of the Oxford Clay Formation of Peterborough, is described and figured. This isolated bone is tentatively identified as belonging to an ‘adult’ individual of Liopleurodon ferox that is inferred to have had a skull length of 1.26 metres and an overall body length of 6.39 metres.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Netherlands in 2003 compared to 1980 and 1997

Objective: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children living in the Netherlands and compare the findings with the Third and Fourth National Growth Studies carried out in 1980 and 1997, respectively. Design and methods: Data were obtained from the child health care system. International cut-off points for body mass index (BMI) were used to determine overweight and obesity. Cases were weighted for ethnicity and municipality size in such a way that the sample matched the distribution in the general population. The LMS method was used to calculate the age-related distribution of BMI, and the prevalence was calculated from the fitted distribution. Patients: Data on 90 071 children aged 4–16 years were routinely collected by 11 community health services during 2002–2004. Results: On average, 14.5% of the boys and 17.5% of the girls were overweight (including obesity), which is a substantial increase since 1980 (boys 3.9%, girls 6.9%) and 1997 (boys 9.7%, girls 13.0%). Similarly, 2.6% of the boys and 3.3% of the girls aged 4–16 years were obese, which is much higher than in 1980 (boys 0.2%, girls 0.5%) and 1997 (boys 1.2%, girls 2.0%). At the age of 4, 12.3% of the boys and 16.2% of the girls were already overweight. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Netherlands is still rising, and at an even faster rate than before. Evidence-based interventions are needed to counter the obesity epidemic, and there is an urgent need for pre-school intervention programmes.
Machine Learning Based Automotive Forensic Analysis for Mobile Applications Using Data Mining

Phone is a device which provides communication between the people through voice, text, video etc. Now a day’s people may leave without food but not without using phones. No of operating systems are working with various versions and various security issues are working. Security is very important task in Mobiles and mobile apps. To improve the security status of mobiles, existing methodology is using cloud computing and data mining. Out traditional method is named as MobSafe to identify the mobile apps antagonism or graciousness. In the proposed system, we adopt Android Security Evaluation Framework (ASEF) and Static Android Analysis Framework (SAAF). In this paper, our proposed system works on machine learning to conduct automotive forensic analysis of mobile apps based on the generated multifaceted data in this stage. Full Text: PDF DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v16i2. 8441
Thalamic projections of nucleus reticularis thalami of cat: A study using retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent tracers

The retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and fluorescent tracers after injections in various thalamic nuclei was used to investigate the relative density of retrogradely labeled cells in different districts of reticularis thalami (RE) nuclear complex of cat. The RE nucleus was left virtually free of labeling only after injections localized into the anterior nuclear group; in those experiments, heavy retrograde labeling was obtained in mammillary nuclei. The major targets of RE cells proved to be centralis lateralis‐paracentralis (CL‐PC) and centrum medianum‐parafascicularis (CM‐PF) intralaminar nuclei. The projections to various intralaminar nuclei mainly arise in the rostral pole and rostrolateral part of RE nucleus and are reciprocal to intralaminar‐RE pathways disclosed by Jones ('75). The RE territories labeled following injections in relay and associational nuclei are more restricted and are located contiguously and slightly anteriorly to a given nucleus. There was a very small proportion of doubly labeled RE cells after injections with fluorescent tracers in different nuclei. This was not due to a technical failure since many double‐labeled neurons were found in the same material in medial globus pallidum after thalamic and midbrain injections (see companion paper by Parent and Steriade, '84). We conclude that most individual RE axons arborize in only one thalamic nucleus or nuclear group. An additional finding was the existence of intralaminar‐to‐relay (CL‐PC to VA‐VL) projections.