Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solaris internals : core kernel components

I. 1 INTRODUCTION TO SOLARIS INTERNALS. 1. An Introduction to Solaris. A Brief History. Key Differentiators. Kernel Overview. Processes, Threads, and Scheduling. Interprocess Communication. Signals. Memory Management. Files and File Systems. I/O Architecture. 2. Kernel Services. Access to Kernel Services. Entering Kernel Mode. Context. Execution Context. Virtual Memory. Interrupts. System Calls. The Kernel Callout Table. The System Clock. 3. Kernel Synchronization Primitives. Synchronization. Parallel Systems Architectures. Hardware Considerations for Locks and Synchronization. Introduction to Synchronization Objects. Mutex Locks. Reader/Writer Locks. Turnstiles and Priority Inheritance. Dispatcher Locks. Kernel Semaphores. 4. Kernel Bootstrap and Initialization. Kernel Directory Hierarchy. Kernel Bootstrap and Initialization. Kernel Module Loading and Linking. II. 123 THE SOLARIS MEMORY SYSTEM. 5. Solaris Memory Architecture. Why Have a Virtual Memory System? Modular Implementation. Virtual Address Spaces. Memory Segments. Anonymous Memory. Virtual Memory Watchpoints. Global Page Management. The Page Scanner. The Hardware Address Translation Layer. Large Pages. 6. Kernel Memory. Kernel Virtual Memory Layout. Kernel Memory Allocation. 7. Memory Monitoring. A Quick Introduction to Memory Monitoring. Memory Monitoring Tools. The vmstat Command. MemTool: Unbundled Memory Tools. Other Memory Tools. III. THREADS, PROCESSES, AND IPC. 8. The Solaris Multithreaded Process Architecture. Introduction to Solaris Processes. Process Structures. The Kernel Process Table. Process Creation. Process Termination. Procfs - The Process File System. Signals. Sessions and Process Groups. 9. The Solaris Kernel Dispatcher. Overview. The Kernel Dispatcher. The Kernel Sleep/Wakeup Facility. Scheduler Activations. Kernel Processor Control and Processor Sets. 10. Interprocess Communication. Generic System V IPC Support. System V Shared Memory. System V Semaphores. System V Message Queues. POSIX IPC. Solaris Doors. PART IV. FILES AND FILE SYSTEMS 11. Solaris Files and File I/O. Files in Solaris. File Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). System File I/O. Asynchronous I/O. Memory Mapped File I/O. 64-bit Files in Solaris. 64-bit Device Support in Solaris. 12. File System Overview. Why Have a File System? Support for Multiple File System Types. Regular (On-Disk) File Systems. File Systems Logging (Journaling). Expanding and Shrinking File Systems. Direct I/O. 13. File System Framework. Solaris File System Framework. The vnode. The vfs Object. File System I/O. Path-Name Management. The File System Flush Daemon. 14. The UNIX File System. UFS Development History. UFS On-Disk Format. UFS Implementation. 15. Solaris File System Cache. Introduction to File Caching. Page Cache and Virtual Memory System. Is All That Paging Bad for My System? Paging Parameters That Affect File System Performance. Bypassing the Page Cache with Direct I/O. Directory Name Cache. Inode Caches. Appendix A: Kernel Tunables, Switches, and Limits. Appendix B: Kernel Virtual Address Maps. Appendix C: A Sample Procfs Utility. Bibliography. Index.
catena-Poly[[[tetraaquacobalt(II)]-μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2 N:N′] bis(perchlorate) 4,4′-bipyridine disolvate dihydrate]

In the title compound, {[Co(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](ClO4)2·2C10H8N2·2H2O}n, slightly distorted octahedrally coordinated CoII ions situated on inversion centers are linked into polycationic chains through 4,4′-bipyridine tethering ligands. These are connected into supramolecular layers by hydrogen bonding involving aqua ligands, perchlorate anions and uncoordinated water molecules. A twofold interpenetrated primitive cubic supramolecular network is formed by the interaction of pseudo-layers by hydrogen bonding between aqua ligands and unligated 4,4′-bipyridine molecules.
A Peer-Based Approach to Reducing Stigma and Improving Mental Health Support for Medical Students

Abstract Medical students experience a tremendous amount of stress during their training, which can have a profound effect on mental wellness. Several medical students at the University of Ottawa have created a peer-based program called Mind the Gap (MtG), which aims to improve mental health support and combat mental health-related stigma within the medical student community. The program consists of monthly meetings that invite students to discuss personal experiences and issues surrounding mental illness. The following article is a commentary outlining the MtG program, including its rationale and goals, and the challenges in implementing this type of program. Resume Les etudiants en medecine vivent un stress enorme au cours de leur formation, ce qui peut avoir un impact profond sur leur bien-etre mental. Plusieurs etudiants en medecine a l’Universite d’Ottawa ont mis sur pied un programme appele « Mind the Gap » (MtG), qui vise a ameliorer le soutien en sante mentale et a combattre la stigmatisation liee a la sante mentale dans la communaute medicale etudiante. Le programme est compose de rencontres mensuelles qui permettent aux etudiants de discuter de leurs experiences personnelles et des problemes lies a la maladie mentale. L’article suivant est un commentaire donnant un apercu du programme MtG, incluant sa raison d’etre et ses buts, et les defis qui surviennent lors de la mise en place d’un tel programme.
Morfología de estados finitos

En este articulo se presentan los distintos modelos computacionales para la morfologia y dentro de ellos se profundiza en el modelo mas extendido de estados finitos: la morfologia (fonologia) de dos niveles. Antes de examinar los diferentes formalismos morfologicos se introducen las caracteristicas y fundamentos morfologicos elementales que van a ayudar a analizar los distintos modelos. Tomando como base esas caracteristicas se propone una clasificacion, ubicando dentro de la misma distintos sistemas que aparecen en la bibliografia, algunos de los cuales son presentados antes de profundizar en uno de ellos: la morfologia de dos niveles. Una vez detallados los elementos basicos de la morfologia de dos niveles se entra a discutir sus ventajas e inconvenientes, pasandose, a continuacion, a examinar las mejoras propuestas para su parte mas discutible, la morfotactica. Por ultimo, se examina someramente la complejidad del modelo computacional de dos niveles para comprobar su adecuacion a aplicaciones reales. Finalmente se ofrece una bibliografia basica entre la que cabe destacar el libro de R. Sproat "Morphology and Computation" (1992), del cual se han obtenido parte de la informacion que aqui se presenta.
Research on Grid Resource Scheduling Algorithm

Algorithm for grid resource scheduling is one of the key technologies which influence grid success.Firstly classifies the grid resource scheduling methods from different angles,addresses the performance metric of grid resource scheduling from three aspects,and focuses on comparing and analysing several typical grid resource scheduling algorithms,including the Min-min algorithm,Max-min algorithm,grid resource scheduling algorithm based on economic models,genetic algorithms and simulated annealing,etc,points out that the remaining deficiencies of the performance and to improve the next step forward,finally makes an expectation about its future research directions.This essay provides very good references for the study of grid resource scheduling algorithm.
Alzheimer disease : therapeutic strategies

This volume provides reviews of advances in basic and clinical sciences that are relevant to understanding the aetiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, with particular emphasis placed on the examination of AD treatment. Its chapters include discussions on the function of the cholinergic system of the human brain and the role of cholinesterase inhibitors in AD treatment; the role of muscarinic and nicotinic agonists as drugs for AD treatment; excitatory amino acids, Ca++ cellular homeostasis, nootropic drugs, neurotrophins, growth factors and neuroprotection in AD treatment; antioxidants, protective and anti-inflammatory agents in AD therapy; and much more. Treatment for the symptoms of dementia, depression, agitation and sleep disturbance are also examined, and the socio-economic aspects of AD treatment, with particular emphasis on the cost of drugs, are discussed.
The HOPE VI Resident Tracking Study: A Snapshot of the Current Living Situation of Original Residents from Eight Sites

The HOPE VI Resident Tracking Study represents the first systematic look at what has happened to original residents of distressed public housing developments targeted for revitalization under the HOPE VI program. It provides a snapshot of the living conditions and well-being of former residents of eight properties as of the spring of 2001? between two and seven years after the PHA was awarded a HOPE VI grant. At that time, the redevelopment process was still under way in six of the eight study sites, so the results describe a work in progress.
Active Learning in the Classroom 1

Abstract A model for active learning in the classroom is presented and learning activities are illustrated. Experiential learningprovides the framework and cooperative learning the catalyst to engage students actively in learning.Experiential learning is a four-stage cycle involving four fundamental learning modes (styles); their synthesis leads tohigher levels of learning. The cycle can be divided into inductive and deductive learning activities. We found ithelpful to view the four-stage learning cycle as a spiral in time that extends beyond a session. For example, a conceptmay be developed or applied in different contexts, at different times, and through different learning modes. Throughexperimentation and student feedback, we have developed a cooperative learning structure, a variation of think-pair-share, that is effective in the classroom.Guidelines for developing active learning environments are drawn from the literature and our own experience. Theprincipal incentive is: small, incremental changes in the learning environment can lead to significant gains forstudents. Moreover, it makes teaching more rewarding and enjoyable.
Real world evaluation of Aspect-Oriented Programming with Iguana

This paper reports on the of aspect-oriented programming to integrate the state strategy pattern with measurement of state execution time, execution time record keeping and scheduling of state execution. We found it useful to express state as a component and other requirements as aspects. After identifying composition and adaptation requirements, a design was developed to target the C++ implementation of the Iguana reflective programming model. During design evaluation, we noted that Iguana had strong and convenient composition facilities, but lacked programmatic support for adaptation. 1. Real world scenario The scenario described below is based on development work done for Total Control Products (a subsidiary of GE Fanuc) on their OpenAutomation products, a line of industrial controllers. 1.1. An Industrial Controller Controllers are automation computers used in manufacturing and process control. These computers can be in one of several states. Typically, the controller will execute programmed logic in a continuous loop. However, the controller is not always in a state in which it can execute program logic. The controller may be loading new user logic, ready to run but stopped, or in an error state. As well, the logic to be executed can vary according to whether the controller has just started executing, is about to stop or has been executing for some time. It is natural to find examples of the state pattern [4] in the software that drives controllers, and Figure 1 captures the execution states of a typical controller.
An intelligent decision support system for managing natural and man-made disasters

Climate change-induced disasters are gaining in both severity and intensity. In view of their associated increased impacts on human assets and systems, public and private stakeholders have lately turned their attention to efficiently and effectively managing their effects, both prior as well as during an event's occurrence. In an effort to address this issue, the DECIDE intelligent decision support systems (iDSS) has been developed, validated and tested under realistic conditions, aiming to assist public authorities in safe-proofing and protecting transport networks and operations in case of extreme weather events and related natural hazards. The iDSS is a web-based, GIS-enabled platform, able to suggest protection and management measures that optimally address occurring events, the affected modes of transport and transport networks and infrastructures. Optimal protection actions are derived from a database containing measures, strategies and policies that have been deployed at EU level in the last decades.
Computerized Games and Simulations in Computer-Assisted Language Learning: A Meta-Analysis of Research

This article explores research on the use of computerized games and simulations in language education. The author examined the psycholinguistic and sociocultural constructs proposed as a basis for the use of games and simulations in computer-assisted language learning. Research in this area is expanding rapidly. However, to date, few studies have critically investigated this body of work. The author reviewed key findings from influential studies. The author’s analysis reveals that, although these studies are subject to limitations, simulations and games present valuable opportunities for effective language learning. The contemporary literature on theories of language acquisition hypothesizes that simulations and games are beneficial methods for helping learners acquire another language. This article concludes by identifying potential areas for future research.
Free Plasma Patients with Concentrations of Piroxicam in Osteoarthritis Relation to Age, Sex and Efficacy

Summary Steady state piroxicam plasma samples from 85 patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the hip and/or the knee, and treated with piroxicam 20 mg daily for at least four weeks, were obtained. Twenty-seven of these patients had a newly diagnosed osteoarthritis and had not been treated with a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) previously. The plasma samples were subjected to equilibrium dialysis, analyzed by HPLC and total and free drug concentrations measured and unbound fractions were calculated. In the 27 newly diagnosed patients with free piroxicam concentrations ranging from 0.004 to 0.117 gg/ml, there was no correlation between free concentration and change in any of the clinical response variables from pretrial to week 4. In the total patient population free concentrations were 0.057 _ 0.038 og/ml (mean _ standard deviation). Females had a 79% higher free concentration than males (p < 0.0002) and there was a statistically significant (p < 0.01) increase of free concentration with increasing age in females. The unbound fraction was 0.87% _ 0.36% (mean _ SD). There was no difference in unbound fraction between the sexes, nor could we detect any change with increasing age.
Attitudes to Language

Just about everyone seems to have views about language. Language attitudes and language ideologies permeate our daily lives. Our competence, intelligence, friendliness, trustworthiness, social status, group memberships, and so on, are often judged from the way we communicate. Even the speed at which we speak can evoke reactions. And we often try to anticipate such judgements as we communicate. In this lively introduction, Peter Garrett draws upon research carried out over recent decades in order to discuss such attitudes and the implications they have for our use of language, for social advantage or discrimination, and for social identity. Using a range of examples that includes punctuation, words, grammar, pronunciation, accents, dialects and languages, this book explores the intricate and fascinating ways in which language influences our everyday thoughts, feelings and behaviour.
The nutritional literacy of elementary school pupils in the perspective of acquiring nutritional skills

A person's health and quality of life are influenced by the degree of his or her nutritional literacy, and the acquired nutritional skills, determining the choice of food prepared and consumed by the person constitute an important part of it. Persons with nutritional skills are capable of using the acquired nutritional knowledge in planning their diet, buying their foodstuffs and in preparing their meals. The purpose of the study was to establish the nutritional skills acquired by elementary school pupils in school and home settings and the frequency of their use of a particular nutritional skill. The study included 90 pupils of the ninth year in elementary school. Data was collected with a questionnaire. The results demonstrated the following: pupils had acquired nutritional skills necessary to perform basic cooking procedures and the preparation of simple dishes, however, when it came to the preparation of complex dishes, most young people felt incompetent to prepare such dish on their own. The established situation indicates that both in school and at home pupils have to be brought up to acquire nutritional skills which can significantly contribute to their independent nutrition, based on a healthy choice of foodstuffs and the preparation of healthy dishes. Further research should provide a thorough study and estimation of the use of the acquired nutritional knowledge and skills by pupils in their everyday lives and determine specific needs for acquiring skills which are necessary for a young person's healthy eating habits at the end of compulsory education.
Comparative Study of Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM) in Transfusion Dependent and Non-Transfusion Dependent Thalassemic Patients

Background: Ineffective erythropoiesis coupled with chronic anemia in thalassemic patients may lead to increase gastrointestinal iron absorption which may result in liver fibrosis. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard tool for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, recent noninvasive tests may also help in the evaluation. Objective: We aimed to compare the difference of liver stiffness measurement between transfusion dependent and non-transfusion dependent thalassemia. We also assessed the prevalence of significant fibrosis and attempted to identify factors that could be associated with significant fibrosis. Methods: A cross-sectional assessment of liver fibrosis using transient elastography (TE) was performed in 109 thalassemic patients were seen at the Hematology Unit and the Liver Unit, Ramathibodi Hospital over a 1year period. Baseline demographic data, anthropometry, type of thalassemia, history of chelation therapy and dose of treatment, and related blood tests (CBC, LFT, ferritin, HBsAg, Anti HCV, Anti HIV) were collected. TE was performed by standard technique. TE ≥ 7.9 kPa was defined as significant fibrosis. Statistical analysis appropriately made using by Student t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Spearman correlation or Chi-Square test. Factors with p-value < 0.05 were selected for multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 109 thalassemic patients (66 transfusion dependent and 43 non-transfusion dependent) were enrolled. Most patients in both groups (77%) were female. The prevalence of significant fibrosis (TE ≥ 7.9) in TDT and NTDT was 24.2% and 18.6%. All patients in TDT group were chelated, comparing with 66% in the NTDT group. The median liver stiffness measurements in TDT vs. NTDT were 5.65 (2.5, 36.8) and 5.35 (3.2, 12.2) (p= 0.535). From univariate analysis of significant fibrosis, the associated factors were male sex, non-chelation, higher serum ferritin, AST, ALT and GGT (p< 0.05). However, ALT level was the only predictive factor for significant fibrosis (OR 1.04, 95 % CI (1.01-1.06), p< 0.05). Conclusion: The median liver stiffness did not significantly differ between transfusion dependent and non-transfusion dependent thalassemia. The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis (TE ≥ 7.9 kPa) in thalassemia patients was 22%. Serum ALT level was the only factor that appears to be associated with significant liver fibrosis.
Patent Data for Technology Assessment, Part II

SUMMARY This case study of the use of U.S. patents for technology intelligence is the second article of a two-part series on applications of U.S. patent data. Sci-tech librarians are often drawn into the intersection with business information research that involves the study of technology trends and technical industries for business decision-making. Patent data can be a useful resource for solutions to such information problems. This paper uses the patents issued in the technology of global positioning systems (GPS) as an example to discuss how patent data can be retrieved and mined to find patterns of development and innovations in an area of technology. GPS technology is found to be a rapidly emerging and changing field, dominated by a few American corporations and geographically concentrated, but of interest to many organizations in different fields and a number of countries.
Detecting Controversial Articles on Citizen Journalism

Someone's understanding and stance on a particular controversial topic can be influenced by daily news or articles he consume everyday. Unfortunately, readers usually do not realize that they are reading controversial articles. In this paper, we address the problem of automatically detecting controversial article from citizen journalism media. To solve the problem, we employ a supervised machine learning approach with several hand-crafted features that exploits linguistic information, meta-data of an article, structural information in the commentary section, and sentiment expressed inside the body of an article. The experimental results shows that our proposed method manages to perform the addressed task effectively. The best performance so far is achieved when we use all proposed feature with Logistic Regression as our model (82.89\% in terms of accuracy). Moreover, we found that information from commentary section (structural features) contributes most to the classification task.
World Health Day Theme-2013 And Role Of Dental Profession

Copyright: © 2014 Mehta A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. World Health Organization (WHO) on the occasion of World health day i.e. 7th April announces its health theme in order to focus attention of health professionals and authorities on one major public health problem threatening world population. Last year it has chosen condition of High Blood Pressure or commonly known as hypertension.
Les fibres optiques microstructurées

Les fibres optiques microstructurees, apparues dans le milieu des annees 1990, sont de nouveaux guides de lumieres originaux qui donnent acces a des proprietes optiques remarquables. L’originalite premiere de ce type de fibre a ete de permettre le guidage de la lumiere dans un materiau unique grâce a leur structuration periodique. Apres plus d’une decennie de recherche, ces nouvelles fibres optiques ont demontre un potentiel d’applications extremement vaste et ce, dans des domaines tres varies allant de la defense aux applications biophotoniques, sous la forme de capteurs optiques ou de lasers.