Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A broadband seismological investigation of the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake: Evidence for deep slow slip?

Analysis of regional and teleseismic broadband body waves and long-period surface waves from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake demonstrates that a fairly simple average fault model explains most characteristics of seismic wave radiation over a broad period range (1 to 300 sec), but there are some systematic period-dependent characteristics that are not yet understood. Determinations of the preferred point source focal mechanism are consistent for different seismic waves, as long as optimal source-time functions and depths are chosen for each wavetype. The major double couple orientation compatible with the entire period range has a strike = 128 +_ 3 °, dip = 67 _+ 5 ° , and rake = 133 _+ 8% While this source mechanism consistency is encouraging and indicates that the average source process is quite simple, there are some systematic discrepancies in the source parameter estimates from different period waves. The source duration estimated from the principal body-wave ground motions is 8 + 2 sec, compatible with the duration of near-field strong-motion vibrations, but the surface waves indicate total durations of 18 to 30 sec, depending on the earth model selected for computing propagation corrections. The model dependence of the surface-wave results suggests that it may be possible to reconcile the duration estimates with improved earth models, but the discrepancy is quite large. There is some complexity in the source-time function, comprised of three subevents at different depths, but this complexity is only manifested in short-period signals and does not explain the duration discrepancy. Changes of fault geometry or slip direction during rupture, as suggested by recent finite-fault inversions, are unlikely to cause a bias in source duration estimates. The centroid depth determined from our body-wave analysis is 10 to 12 km, consistent with the finite-fault models, which indicate rupture extending from 5 to 18 km. Surface-wave centroid depth estimates (15 to 30 km) vary substantially for different choices of global Q model and lithospheric structure in the source region, but they do tend to be deeper than the body-wave results. It is again not clear whether this depth discrepancy is due to the source process or inadequate earth models. The body-wave and surface-wave seismic moment estimates are also not fully consistent; the moment from our body-wave inversions is 2.4 _+ 0.3 x 1019 N-m, while our surface-wave analysis gives 3.2 _+ 0.5 x 1019 N-m. It is not known whether reasonable changes of the earth models can bring the moment estimates into full agreement. The systematic discrepancies in source duration, centroid depth, and seismic moment, despite the consistency in source orientation, raise the possibility of a deep, relatively slow co-seismic slip component, but trade-offs with modeling assumptions preclude us from confirming this hypothesis at present.
Proton Gradient Regulation 5-Mediated Cyclic Electron Flow under ATP- or Redox-Limited Conditions: A Study of ΔATPase pgr5 and ΔrbcL pgr5 Mutants in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii1[C][W]

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii pgr5 mutant shows photosynthetic and phenotypic traits that support the conservation of PGR5 in both redox-controlled cyclic electron flow and PSI photoprotection. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii proton gradient regulation5 (Crpgr5) mutant shows phenotypic and functional traits similar to mutants in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ortholog, Atpgr5, providing strong evidence for conservation of PGR5-mediated cyclic electron flow (CEF). Comparing the Crpgr5 mutant with the wild type, we discriminate two pathways for CEF and determine their maximum electron flow rates. The PGR5/proton gradient regulation-like1 (PGRL1) ferredoxin (Fd) pathway, involved in recycling excess reductant to increase ATP synthesis, may be controlled by extreme photosystem I acceptor side limitation or ATP depletion. Here, we show that PGR5/PGRL1-Fd CEF functions in accordance with an ATP/redox control model. In the absence of Rubisco and PGR5, a sustained electron flow is maintained with molecular oxygen instead of carbon dioxide serving as the terminal electron acceptor. When photosynthetic control is decreased, compensatory alternative pathways can take the full load of linear electron flow. In the case of the ATP synthase pgr5 double mutant, a decrease in photosensitivity is observed compared with the single ATPase-less mutant that we assign to a decreased proton motive force. Altogether, our results suggest that PGR5/PGRL1-Fd CEF is most required under conditions when Fd becomes overreduced and photosystem I is subjected to photoinhibition. CEF is not a valve; it only recycles electrons, but in doing so, it generates a proton motive force that controls the rate of photosynthesis. The conditions where the PGR5 pathway is most required may vary in photosynthetic organisms like C. reinhardtii from anoxia to high light to limitations imposed at the level of carbon dioxide fixation.
Short-Term Effectiveness of a Swallowing Exercise for the Elderly Using Day-Care Services

Purpose: The research purpose was to investigate the short-term effectiveness of exercise intervention to improve pharyngeal functions in the elderly using day- care services. Methods: Subjects were totally 84 elderly people. The participants were analyzed at 2 points: baseline and 2 weeks after the starting date of the study. This exercise comprised pronunciation practice, a pushing exercise with crying out in a loud voice, and a falsetto exercise. A questionnaire of ingestion and deglutition functions was also answered at 2 points. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS J16.0. The intervention duration of this study was from February 2 to March 4, 2008. Results: The average participant age was 82.4 ± 8.6 years. Comparing the evaluative items of the swallowing functions at 2 points, significant differences were observed in the movement of the upper and lower sides of the tongue, optional cough, consecutive pronunciation [ta], hoarseness, and the RSST test. The total frequency of participation in this programmed exercise was significantly related to lip and tongue movement, pronunciation [ka], and utterance time. A positive change of feeling was observed in the score of the 2 items. Conclusion: The results of this study showed very useful hypothetical information about intervention to arouse pharyngeal functions for the elderly using day care services.
The Role of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills in Selecting into Migration

We assess the importance of cognitive and noncognitive (soft) skills on geographic migrating using data that combine military enlistment information and administrative data for the male population born in 1932 and 1933 in Norway. The data measure ‘sociability’ and ‘adaptability’ skills based on detailed interviews with a psychologist at age 18. We find that adaptability has a significant and positive impact on the probability of moving out of one’s local labor market or from rural to urban areas. High cognitive ability is also associated with a higher propensity to migrate. We find that adaptability has a particularly strong impact on migration for individuals with low cognitive skills implying a very strong positive selection of low skilled with respect to the (previously unobserved) adaptability skill. We also present evidence that adaptability has no significant effect on the earnings premium of those who migrate, while cognitive skills have a strong positive effect on earnings returns to migration. This evidence is consistent with adaptability skills mainly reducing the non-monetary migration costs, while cognitive skill mainly increase the earnings returns to migration.
ON HETEROGENEOUS PLATFORMS

Video streaming and video recording have become the most popular features of mobile devices. However, these features suffer many limitations, such as quality and network limitation. These limitations have become one of the main concerns of mobile industry. Many improvements have been made in this field and several solutions have been found in order to solve these limitations. The solutions can be classified into two categories: Hardware and Software solutions. One of the hardware solutions is to use heterogeneous platforms to increase the flexibility of complexity management. Usually the heterogeneous platform contains one or several powerful processors and at least one dedicated processor. Among the different dedicated processors, there is the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which is dedicated to signal processing. As a software solution, the H.264/AVC standard is now the most commonly used standard. It provides a high video quality for a low bit rate. However, as a main drawback, the H.264/AVC is much more complex than other standards. Implementing a H.264/AVC encoder or decoder on a heterogeneous platform might lead to a good compromise between video quality and energy consumption. The logical way to implement an encoder or a decoder on a heterogeneous platform is to implement it in parallel. However, such implementation leads to several challenges related to the software design and hardware architecture. The implementation must take into account the asymmetric architecture of the heterogeneous platform. It must also take advantage of the DSP assets and consider its limitations as a dedicated processor. This thesis will present different ways to conduct this type of implementation, along with several improvements.
NIOSOMES AS A NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION ENCAPSULATING THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE DRUG SILYMARIN

Silymarin is a purified extract isolated from seeds of the milk thistle Silybum marianum. It has been used for more than 2000 years to treat liver and gallbladder disorders. Based on the poor bioavailability of silymarin and on the advantages of niosomes, the objective of this research is to develop a silymarin niosomal preparation with enhanced activity and limited side effects. Silymarin loaded niosomes were prepared using different non-ionic surfactants (NIS), cholesterol (Ch) and different charge inducing agents (CIA) in molar ratios (1:1:0.1) and (2:1:0.25). The effect of components molar ratio and effect of surface charges on the percentage drug encapsulated were investigated. Characterization of prepared niosomes was performed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle size analysis and also investigation of the in-vitro release profiles. Selected silymarin niosomal formulations were evaluated for their hepatoprtective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress in albino rats. Biochemical parameters like serum glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP) were used to measure the degree of liver protection. Silymarin niosomal formulations produced a significant decrease in both transaminase levels as well as in SALP level in comparison with administered silymarin suspension. This improvement was also proven histopathologically.
A Study of Tangerine Pest Recognition Using Advanced Deep Learning Methods

To improve the tangerine crop yield, the work of recognizing and then disposing of specific pests is becoming increasingly important. The task of recognition is based on the features extracted from the images that have been collected from websites and outdoors. Traditional recognition and deep learning methods, such as KNN (k-nearest neighbors) and AlexNet, are not preferred by knowledgeable researchers, who have proven them inaccurate. In this paper, we exploit four kinds of structures of advanced deep learning to classify 10 citrus pests. The experimental results show that Inception-ResNet-V3 obtains the minimum classification error.
Virtual screening of commercial cyclic peptides as β -OG pocket binder inhibitor in dengue virus serotype 2

Dengue virus (DENV) has caused infectious disease which puts roughly 40% of world population at risk. An antiviral drug against DENV infection remains unavailable up until now. This research aims to find a drug candidate, which can inhibit β-OG binding site by a screening of 308 commercial cyclic peptides virtually. Through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, it is discovered that cyclo (-D-Trp-Tyr) ligand has good affinity with β-OG binding pocket. Ligand forms a stable complex with envelope protein in 310 K and 312 K. Cyclo(-D-Trp-Tyr) ligand is revealed to be a potential inhibitor of β-OG binding pocket. Thus, it is feasible for further development as an antiviral drug against DENV infection.
Risk factors influence on Graves' disease and Graves' ophthalmopathy

Adres do korespondencji: Dr med. Agata Czarnywojtek Katedra i Klinika Endokrynologii, Przemiany Materii i Chorób Wewnêtrznych Uniwersytet Medyczny 60-355 Poznañ, ul. Przybyszewskiego 49 Tel. : 61 869 13 30; Faks: 61 869 16 82 e-mail: agata.rat@wp.pl Agata CZARNYWOJTEK1 Peter KURDYBACHA2 Ewa FLOREK3 Izabela WARMUZ-STANGIERSKA1 Joanna WALIGÓRSKA1 Marek RUCHA£A1 Adam STANGIERSKI1 Anna WONIAK3 Ma3gorzata ZGORZALEWICZ-STACHOWIAK4 Jerzy SOWIÑSKI1
The solubility and availability of magnesium from calcium-magnesium carbonate and magnesium carbonate

Solubility in water, 2% citric acid, and 0.4% hydrochloric acid of calcium-magnesium carbonate (dolomite) and magnesium carbonate (magnesite) from deposits in Poland, and of magnesium oxide and magnesium sulphate, were studied. The magnesium content in the compounds was 136.2, 277.6, 484.0, and 122.7 g Mg/kg DM, respectively. The solubility of magnesium from dolomite and magnesite in water was low and equaled 2.50 and 2.44 %, respectively. The solubility of magnesium in 2% citric acid was 78.73, 67.01, 79.52, and 76.09%, respectively, whereas in 0.4% hydrochloric acid is equaled 77.57, 80.68, 68.04, and 90.22%. The availability of magnesium was studied in a feeding experiment on 25 growing wethers, 5 animals per group, with a body weight of 30.2±1.8 kg, housed in balance cages. The wethers were fed a synthetic maintenance diet composed of (%): glucose (29), potato starch (28), cellulose (30), urea (4), sunflower oil (4) and minerals (5). The mineral mixture contained the studied magnesium salts. Magnesium intake equaled 800-1000 mg/animal/day. Apparent and true absorption of magnesium and its retention were studied assuming that the amount of endogenous magnesium excreted daily in faeces is 2.33 mg kg' BW/day. Apparent retention of magnesium in wethers receiving dolomite, magnesite, magnesium oxide, and magnesium sulphate was 32.1, 16.3, 31.2, and 17.0% of magnesium intake. Apparent absorption of magnesium from the mineral salts equaled 32.6, 17.4, 37.6, and 21.0% of magnesium intake, respectively. True absorption equaled 38.8,23.8,44.9, and 29.9% of magnesium intake, respectively. Apparent retention, apparent absorption and true absorption in weathers receiving dolomite did not differ significantly from retention and absorption in animals receiving magnesium oxide, but were significantly higher than the respective values when magnesite and magnesium sulphate were fed. 696 SOLUBILITY A N D A V A I L A B I L I T Y OF M g I N SHEEP The magnesium level in the serum of wethers equaled 2.40 mg/100 ml in the control group, which did not receive magnesium. It was significantly higher (P<0.01) in the groups receiving dolomite, magnesite, magnesium oxide, and magnesium sulphate, and equaled 2.82, 2.63, 2.96, and 2.89 mg Mg/100 ml, respectively. The highest increase in the serum magnesium concentration was found in the wethers fed magnesium oxide, followed by magnesium sulphate and dolomite (P<0.01). Administering magnesium oxide to wethers significantly lowered calcium absorption (P<0.01).
DNA barcoding as a tool for identification of plasmodia and sclerotia of myxomycetes (Myxogastria) appearing in moist chamber cultures

Moist chamber culture experiments are one of the basic methods of detection of myxomycete diversity that is usually employed to complement field datasets based on fruit bodies (sporocarps). However, often a large fraction of plasmodia that appear in moist chamber cultures does not yield sporocarps that can be determined to species based on morphological traits. Instead, plasmodia convert to a dormant stage called sclerotium. Both structures essentially lack taxonomically valuable morphological characters, preventing assignment to a species. Here we report the results of application of DNA barcoding as a method of taxonomical identification of plasmodia and sclerotia that develop in moist chamber cultures. The first ca. 600 bp of 18S rRNA gene were successfully amplified for 38 sclerotium and 32 plasmodium samples. Comparison to a large collection of reference sequences and phylogenetic analysis allowed identifying sequences up to species (45), genus (15) or order (10) following several formal criteria. Additionally four partial EF1A gene sequences were obtained, demonstrating that single-copy nuclear genes can also be easily amplified from plasmodia and sclerotia. The outlined methodology could facilitate future studies of myxomycete diversity and ecology based on moist chamber cultures, effectively increasing diversity estimates.
Cloud Robotics and Autonomous Vehicles

Recently, a good amount of research has been focused on the development of the autonomous vehicles. Autonomous vehicles possess great potential in numerous challenging applications, for example, autonomous armoured fighting vehicles, automated highway systems, etc. To enable the usage of autonomous vehicles in such challenging applications, it is important to ensure the safety, efficiency, reliability and robustness of the system. Most of the existing implementations of the autonomous vehicles operate as standalone systems limited to onboard capabilities (computations, memory, data, etc.), which limit their potential and performance in real-world applications. The advent of the Internet and emerging advances in the cloud infrastruc‐ ture suggests new methodologies where vehicles are not limited to onboard capabili‐ ties. Processing is also performed remotely on cloud to support different operations and to increase the proficiency of decision-making. This chapter surveys the research to date in the evolution of autonomous vehicles, cloud and cloud-enabled autonomous vehicles, with the limitations of existing systems, research challenges and possible future directions. The chapter can help new researchers in the field to understand and evaluate different approaches for the design of the autonomous vehicular systems.
High Power Compact EML Transmitter Module for 400G-FR4

The high power 400Gbit/s compact transmitter module for 400G-FR4 with the optical multiplexer and four EMLs is presented for the first time. We confirmed the output power of higher than 4.6mW, clear optical eye diagram of 53.125GBaud PAM4 operation, and only 1.45W power consumption.
Mixture Martingales Revisited with Applications to Sequential Tests and Confidence Intervals

This paper presents new deviation inequalities that are valid uniformly in time under adaptive sampling in a multi-armed bandit model. The deviations are measured using the Kullback-Leibler divergence in a given one-dimensional exponential family, and may take into account several arms at a time. They are obtained by constructing for each arm a mixture martingale based on a hierarchical prior, and by multiplying those martingales. Our deviation inequalities allow us to analyze stopping rules based on generalized likelihood ratios for a large class of sequential identification problems, and to construct tight confidence intervals for some functions of the means of the arms.
Thermal Characterization of Multichip Power Module

As a recognized stressor of power semiconductors modules, thermal concerns are one of the major issues related to these devices, and the raise of power density of these modules increases this fact. This makes thermal models to gain in relevance, with higher accuracy and complexity requirements, in order to be able to foresee thermal failures. This article analyzes the thermal behaviour of a multichip power module, considering the heating of the devices and the influence of power losses on the integrated Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor. A complete thermal model considering all the chips in the module is proposed, including the thermal cross-coupling between devices. This is completed with a dynamic model to asses the temperature variations in the NTC based on the losses generated in each device. This way, an estimation principle is proposed for the online detection of abnormal behaviours inside the module.
Football, alcohol and gambling: an unholy trinity?

In this paper I argue that football plays a questionable role in promoting two potentially problematic activities, namely drinking alcohol and gambling. Gambling and alcohol companies sponsor clubs and competitions and also pay to advertise their products at the stadia and during television coverage. Consequently millions of fans, including children, are exposed to the marketing of these restricted products. The latter are exposed despite regulations that prohibit such advertising and promotion in other contexts. The promotion of these activities to children and to adults increases levels of consumption which in turn increases the number of problem drinkers and gamblers in society. High-profile footballers play a further role in normalising drinking and gambling. They are role models whose actions influence others. Their excessive drinking and gambling activities provide poor examples for football fans, young and old.
Isolation of Major Pathogens from Cattle withSubclinical Mastitis and Determination ofAntibiotic Susceptibilities

Bacterial factors of bovine mastitis have two groups according to origin and transmission routes. The primary contagious agents are S. aureus, Streptococcus sp. and E. coli. These factors are spread widely, especially with handling and milking units. The scope of this study was to determine the isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus, Streptococcus sp. and E. coli, which are very important for milk production and frequent agents of subclinical mastitis. In our study, 138 samples of dairy cows were taken aseptically from Aydin province with subclinical mastitis case. In conclusion, 102 (18.5%) S. aureus, 21 (3.8%) Streptococcus sp. , and 15 (2.7%) E. coli were isolated from the 552 milk samples examined. After PCR with specific primers in the genotypic identification, all isolates were confirmed about bacterial identification. S. aureus, Streptococcus sp. , and E. coli isolates were susceptible to antibiotics of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, cefoperazone and cephalexin-kanamycin.
Novel theoretical analyses of transverse resonance technique on loaded impedance waveguide

A novel theoretical analysis of transmission characteristics of waveguide systems by using transverse resonance technique (TRT) is presented. The purpose of this study is to acquire a method which could simply analyze the propagation parameters of the slotted waveguide which is loaded with discrete impedance. The mathematical model is based on the equivalent transverse resonance circuit, in order to define the propagation condition, the fast/slow modes and losses in the fundamental mode. The result shows that the slotted waveguide will lose the fundamental mode if the loaded capacitive impedance is higher than 77pF/m. The different phase constant pattern of slow mode causes the fundamental mode to converge to the unusual direction and the loss increases rapidly. This novel technique has the advantage of simplicity and compares well with results of electromagnetic simulation and measurement.