Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Study on Reconstruction of Soft Tissue Defects of the Digits by Volar Flaps

Background: Soft tissue deficiency in the upper limb is a common presentation following trauma, burns infection and tumor removal. Soft tissue coverage of the hand is a challenging problem for reconstructive surgeons to manage. The ideal flap for volar defects on the digits should provide glabrous skin, maintain length, and supple enough to allow unimpeded motion of the joints. Local flaps are the common choice in the management of injury. However, the development of microsurgery and clinical practice have greatly boosted the application of different flaps for finger pulp reconstruction with excellent results, especially when local flaps are unsuitable or impossible for the coverage of pulp defects. We newly describe our experience of the use of the transfer of glabrous skins based on the radialis indicis artery and common palmar digital artery for digital (volar) reconstruction. Methods: Between 2010 and 2014, we used this flaps to reconstruct digital pulp defects in 13 patients with mean age of 33.6 years (range 21-55 years). The dimension of the flaps ranged from 1.8 cm × 2.6 cm to 1.6 cm × 3 . 7 cm. The indications for surgery included amputation, severe pulp space infection, crush injury and salvage of failed local flap. The donor site was closed with skin graft directly in all cases. Results: There were no flap failures. All wounds healed with good functional outcomes with ideal tissue match, minimal donor site morbidity and return of protective sensation despite no neurorrhaphy performed. Conclusion: Volar flaps has many advantages, approaching ideal replacement for the volar tissues of the fingers, excellent tissue match, minimal donor site morbidity, non-sacrifice of a major vessel, can be made ‘sensory’, neurotises well. We believe that volar flaps is a very reliable and useful option in the armory of the reconstructive hand surgeon.
Model order reduction of interval systems using an arithmetic operation

ABSTRACT The paper presents an extension of the differentiation method for model order reduction of large-scale interval systems. This is an alternative approach to the existing differentiation method of interval systems. The proposed method has been applied for both continuous and discrete-time interval systems. The reduction of discrete-time interval systems is achieved by using simple linear transformation and bilinear transformation , where . The proposed method always generates stable reduced-order models, and also it retains the zeroth-order interval time moment. Four numerical examples exemplify the accuracy of the method and computational simplicity. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the extension of Routh-based approximations to interval systems for obtaining stable reduced-order models are discussed. The stability of interval systems is verified by using Kharitonov's theorem.
Diversity of predaceous arthropods in the almond tree canopy in Northeastern Portugal: A methodological approach

The almond tree is an economically important crop in Mediterranean regions. However, knowledge about the biodiversity of natural enemies that may be useful as biocontrol agents is scarce. The objectives of this work were: (i) to study the diversity of predaceous arthropods; and (ii) to establish a suitable sampling protocol for arthropods of the almond tree canopy. Between April and October of 2007 and 2008, 25 randomly selected trees were sampled in an organic almond grove located in the north‐east of Portugal using the beating technique. The specimens collected were counted and identified and the sampling protocol was established by using the accumulation curves and the seasonal richness peaks of the most abundant groups of natural enemies. A total of 1856 and 1301 arthropods were captured, respectively, in 2007 and 2008, where Araneae, Coccinellidae and Formicidae were the most abundant groups. A total of 14 families and 29 species of spiders were identified as Linyphiidae, Philodromidae, Thomisidae, Araneidae and Oxyopidae, the five most abundant families in both years. In the Coccinellidae and Formicidae communities 15 and 13 species were identified, respectively. According to taxa accumulation curves, the minimum sampling effort that provided a reliable picture of the biodiversity was established in 11 samples. Moreover, considering the seasonal richness distribution, it would be advisable to concentrate the sampling period from the beginning of July to the harvesting of almonds. This protocol might generate accurate replicate samples to estimate species richness when the effect of agricultural management is studied.
Extrapolation of compactness on weighted spaces

Let $T$ be a linear operator that, for some $p_1\in(1,\infty)$, is bounded on $L^{p_1}(\tilde w)$ for all $\tilde w\in A_{p_1}$ and in addition compact on $L^{p_1}(w_1)$ for some $w_1\in A_{p_1}$. Then $T$ is bounded and compact on $L^p(w)$ for all $p\in(1,\infty)$ and all $w\in A_p$. This "compact version" of Rubio de Francia's celebrated weighted extrapolation theorem follows from a combination of results in the interpolation and extrapolation theory of weighted spaces on the one hand, and of compact operators on abstract spaces on the other hand. As quick corollaries, we recover several recent results on the compactness of singular integral operators and their commutators on weighted spaces.
ADAPTACIÓN DE LA CEPA MUNANTA DE TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI AL CULTIVO IN VITRO EN CÉLULAS VERO

The importance of obtaining the different stages of Trypanosoma cruzi in order to recognize the antigens involved in the intracellular invasion and replication processes, makes it necessary to adapt these strains to tissue culture, especially considering the high leve! of biological, biochemical and genetic variation, which is found among the strains and clones ofthe parasite. Within the aforementioned context, in this study, the Colombian strain ofT. cruzi, M un anta, was adapted to tissue culture in Yero Cells, obtaining the principal forms ofthe parasite: trypomastigotes, amastigotes and epimastigotes. lt was observed that the liberation of the trypomastigotes occurred on the seventh day postinfection and the quantity obtained was directly proportional to the number of infecting parasites. On the other hand, the majority of the trypomastigotes observed 48 hours after washing the monolayer five days after infection, were had thick-looking shapes corresponding to the initiation ofthe trasforrnation from trypomastigotes to amastigotes.
Pollen tubes fail to target ovule in the absence of two cation/proton exchangers in Arabidopsis

Title of Document: POLLEN TUBES FAIL TO TARGET OVULE IN THE ABSENCE OF TWO CATION/PROTON EXCHANGERS IN ARABIDOPSIS Yongxian Lu Doctor of Philosophy, 2010 Directed By: Professor Heven Sze Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics Flowering plant reproduction requires precise delivery of the sperm cells to the ovule by a pollen tube. Guiding signals from female cells are being identified, though how pollen senses and responds to those cues are largely unknown. Here I provide genetic evidence that two predicted cation/proton exchangers expressed in Arabidopsis pollen play essential roles in pollen targeting of ovules. Male fertility was unchanged in single chx21 or chx23 mutant pollen; however, male-specific gene transmission was blocked in chx21chx23 double mutant. Wild-type pistil provided with a limited amount of pollen containing a mixture of single and double mutant produced ~60% less seeds compared to that produced with chx23 single mutant pollen, indicating that chx21chx23 pollen is infertile. The double mutant pollen, visualized by a pollen-specific promoter-driven GUS activity, germinated and extended a tube down the transmitting tract, but the tube failed to turn and target an ovule. Unlike wild-type pollen that targeted isolated ovules in a semi-in vivo assay, tube guidance in chx21chx23 pollen was compromised. As a first step to understand the cellular and molecular bases of tube guidance, membrane localization and activity of CHX23 was determined. GFP-tagged CHX23 was localized to endomembranes, predominantly endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in elongating pollen tubes. Furthermore, expression of CHX23 in E. coli resulted in enhanced K + accumulation at alkaline pH, suggesting a role for CHX23 in K + acquisition and pH homeostasis. Based on these studies and observations by others that ER oscillates and enters the apex, a simple model is proposed: Modification of localized pH by CHX21 or CHX23 enables pollen tube to sense female signals and respond by shifting directional growth at the funiculus and micropyle to target pollen tip growth towards the ovule. POLLEN TUBES FAIL TO TARGET OVULE IN THE ABSENCE OF TWO CATION/PROTON EXCHANGERS IN ARABIDOPSIS
Shame Proneness, Negative Cognitions, and Posttraumatic Stress among Women with a History of Sexual Trauma

ABSTRACT While fear and anger have been extensively studied as emotions involved in posttraumatic stress disorder, shame is an important emotion to examine in those who have experienced a traumatic event, as it is often associated with treatment avoidance and treatment resistance. Compared to guilt, which is associated with having participated in something that violates social/cultural norms or expectations, shame is associated with a negative perception of the self. The current paper sought to examine the role of shame proneness and guilt proneness, as it relates to posttraumatic cognitions and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among women reporting a history of sexual trauma. Seventy-two community-recruited women with a history of sexual trauma completed self-report measures of shame and guilt proneness and negative posttraumatic cognitions as well as a semi-structured interview assessing PTSS. There was an indirect effect of shame proneness on PTSS, through its positive association with negative cognitions about the self but not others or the world. Guilt proneness was not significantly related to PTSS or negative posttraumatic cognitions. The current paper outlines the importance of these findings and future directions for continuing to better understand the relations between shame and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and treatment.
Software reliability prediction and management: A multiple change‐point model approach

It is commonly recognized that software development is highly unpredictable and software quality may not be easily enhanced after software product is finished. During the software development life cycle (SDLC), project managers have to solve many technical and management issues, such as high failure rate, cost over‐run, low quality, and late delivery. Consequently, in order to produce robust and reliable software product(s) on time and within budget, project managers and developers have to appropriately allocate limited time, manpower, development, and testing effort. In the past, the distribution of testing effort or manpower can typically be described by the Weibull or Rayleigh model. Practically, it should be noticed that development environments or methods could be changed due to some reasons. Thus, when we plan to perform software reliability modeling and prediction, these changes or variations occurring in the development process have to be taken into consideration. In this paper, we will study how to use the Parr‐curve model with multiple change‐points to depict the consumption of testing effort and how to perform further software reliability analysis. Some mathematical properties of proposed model will be given and discussed. The applicability and performance of our proposed model will be demonstrated and assessed through real software failure data. Experimental results are analyzed and compared with other existing models to show that our proposed model gives better predictions. Finally, an optimal software release policy based on cost‐reliability criteria is proposed and studied. The main purpose is aimed at minimizing the total cost of software development when a reliability objective is given.
Non-Griffin–Lim Type Signal Recovery from Magnitude Spectrogram

Speech and audio signal processing frequently requires to recover a time-domain signal from the magnitude of a spectrogram. Conventional methods inversely transform the magnitude spectrogram with a phase spectrogram recovered by the Griffin–Lim algorithm or its accelerated versions. The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) perfectly matches this framework, while other useful spectrogram transforms, such as the constant-Q transform (CQT), do not, because their inverses cannot be computed easily. To make the best of such useful spectrogram transforms, we propose an algorithm which recovers the time-domain signal without the inverse spectrogram transforms. We formulate the signal recovery as a nonconvex optimization problem, which is difficult to solve exactly. To approximately solve the problem, we exploit a stochastic convex optimization technique. A well-organized block selection enables us both to avoid local minimums and to achieve fast convergence. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method for both STFT and CQT cases.
Pineapple Fruit Collapse: Newly Emerging Disease of Pineapple Fruit in Lampung, Indonesia

ABSTRACT Pineapple fruit collapse: newly emerging disease of pineapple fruit in Lampung, Indonesia Recently, a new disease on pineapple fruit has occurred in Lampung. Symptoms of the disease are complex. Fruits rotted and exuded copious liquid from the inter- fruitlet tissues accompanied by gas bubbles. Open spaces were formed inside the rotten fruit. Dissection of diseased fruit showed many cavities within its sceletal fibres and bad odour was exerted from the rotten tissues. A bacterial entity was isolated from the diseased materials. In a pathogenicity test, the isolated bacteria caused the same symptom as mentioned. In the growing-on test the crown of the heavily infected fruit showed heart rot symptom. Those indicated that the disease was pineapple fruit collapse. Both symptoms were known related to the same causal agent, Erwinia chrysanthemi (pineapple strain Dickeya sp.). In our opinion, this is the first report of pineapple fruit collapse in Indonesia.
Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Subclinical Mastitis for Virulence Genes, Phylogenetic Groups and ESBL Production

Pathogenic E. coli associated with bovine mastitis are least studied group of microbes in India. Thus an investigation was carried out to know the occurrence of bovine subclinical mastitis and E. coli at different dairy farms. E. coli strains isolated from clinical and environmental samples were screened for virulent genes namely, eae, bfpA, iapH, aggR, elt, est, stx1/stx2; phylogenetic groups and for ESBL production. Findings revealed high prevalence of subclinical mastitis (45%). E. coli strains were isolated from milk, udder, milking machine, floor swabs, etc. Out of 81 E. coli, 38 (46.91%) were ESBL producers. The virulent genes in single or in combination were detected in 55 strains and eae gene was predominant (43.20%). The stx1/stx2 were detected in 2.47% samples. E. coli isolates fall under phylogenetic groups B1 (58.18%), A (23.63%) and D (18.18%). Phylogenetic group B2 was not detected. Dairy cattle could act as a reservoir of ESBL type diarrheagenic E. coli.
Ecology: A Textbook

A. Ecology: the Basic Concept. - B. Autecology. - I. Theory of Autecology. - II. The Range of Ecological Factors. - III. Life-Form Types. - IV. Ecological Factors. - 1. Salinity and Osmotic Pressure. - 2. Temperature. - 3. Nutrition. - 4. Light. - 5. Oxygen Supply. - 6. Fire. - 7. Interspecific Competition. - 8. The Conspecific as an Environmental Factor. - 9. Ecological Neurobiology. - 10. Other Ecological Factors. - 11. Periodic Changes in the Habitat. - 12. The Interaction of Environmental Factors. - 13. Special Problems. - V. Case Studies in Autecology. - 1. Surface Chemistry and Choice of Biotope. - 2. Synchronization with Habitat Conditions. - 3. The Biology of Game Animals: Capercaillie and Roe Deer. - C. Population Ecology. - I. Theory of Population Ecology. - II. Population Genetics. - III. Demography. - IV. The Distribution of Organisms in Space. - V. Maintenance of an Average Population Density. - 1. Autoregulation. - 2. Predator-Prey Systems. - 3. Food Supply and Population Density. - 4. Abiotic Factors and Population Density. - VI. Case Studies in Population Ecology. - 1. Euphydryas: the Splitting of a Species into Separate Populations. - 2. Field Crickets: the Mechanisms Underlying Population Dynamics. - 3. Bat and Moth: the Coevolution of a Predator-Prey System. - 4. Larus: the Fusion of Species. - D. Ecosystems. - I. Theory of Ecosystems. - II. "Natural" Ecosystems. - III. The Climax Concept: Microcosmic and Seral Successions. - IV. Statics of Ecosystems. - V. Ecosystem Dynamics. - 1. The Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems. - a) The Circulation of Water. - b) Cycling of Other Materials. - 2. The Energy in Ecosystems. - a) Productivity. - b) Measurement of a Stand. - c) Food Chains and Food Webs. - d) Energy Flux. - VI. The Significance of Animals in an Ecosystem. - VII. Changeable and Constant Ecosystems. - VIII. Constancy and Stability. - IX. Case Studies of Ecosystems. - 1. Lake Nakuru (Kenya). - 2. Spitsbergen. - 3. Central Europe. - E. Outlook. - References. - General Books on Subjects Related to Ecology.
Primary Health Center Satisfaction Level Amid Early Period of Accreditation in Indonesia: A Preliminary Report

The decree of the minister of health number 46 year 2015 regarding Primary Health Center (PHC) Accreditation marked a new era in enhancing the performance of PHC in Indonesia. The accreditation is also expected to boost the client satisfaction level in every aspect of its service. This point of view in this particular situation has never been visited especially in a large scale. This study aims to identify satisfaction level in 200 accredited and unaccredited PHC. This is a cross-sectional and observational study. The data were collected in June – October 2017. There were 200 PHC assessed using satisfaction questionnaire based on SERVQUAL scale. Ten clients divided into community health service clients and clinical health service clients from each PHC answered the questionnaire. The data was then descriptively analyzed with PHC as the unit of analysis. The data suggested that most of SERVQUAL dimensions was consistent with the level of PHC accreditation regarding community health service. In this category, only the dimension of tangible and reliability were slightly off from the assumed order. Whereas, in the clinical health service category, the tangible category was only the consistent one. Many conditions could lead to these results. However, the current health insurance policy in Indonesia might be the most prominent one. The community health service is arguably better than clinical health service based on the satisfaction level of PHC in Indonesia. Further research regarding the quality of the PHC amid the accreditation period in Indonesia needs to be done to ensure that this process is worthwhile.
Establishment and Application of Critical Nitrogen Dilution Curve for Rice Based on Leaf Dry Matter

In order to investigate the feasibility of using rice leaf critical nitrogen concentration as a nitrogen nutrition diagnosis index, a three-year positioning experiment with large-spike rice cultivar (Wuyoudao4) and multiple-spike rice cultivar (Songjing9) under five nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg·ha−1) was conducted. A critical nitrogen dilution curve and a nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) of rice leaf dry matter were constructed for Wuyoudao4 (Nc = 1.96LDM−0.56, R2 = 0.87, NNI was between 0.6–1.26, and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (n-RMSE) = 13.07%) and Songjing9 (Nc = 1.99LDM−0.44, R2 = 0.94, NNI was between 0.64–1.29, and n-RMSE = 15.89%). The relationship between dry matter and nitrogen concentration of rice leaves was a negative power function, and the model had good stability over the three years. The developed critical nitrogen concentration dilution curve, based on leaf dry matter, was able to diagnose nitrogen nutrition in rice efficiently. The model established in this study could be used to directly regulate and control the nitrogen nutrition of rice leaves.
Progress in asexual reproduction

Preface to the Progress Series. Preface to Volume XI. Obituary. Contributors. Microorganism induced Parthenogenesis (H. Braig, et al.). Clonal or Sexual Reproduction in Parasites? Recent Advances in Molecular Understanding (D. Rollinson and J. Stothard). Geographic Parthenogenesis in Terrestrial Invertebrates: Generalist or Specialist Clones? (E. Parker Jr). Senescence or Rejuvenation in Asexual Metazoans (D. Martinez). Asexual Reproduction in the Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) (F. Boero, et al.). Genetic Mosaics and Chimeras (R. Hughes). Resource Allocation in Asexual Invertebrates (V. Forbes). Astogeny and Allometry of Modular Colonial Organisms (H. Lasker and J. Sanchez). Population Processes in Modular Benthic Invertebrates (R. Karlson). Clones and Metapopulations (B. Okamura, et al.). Subject Index. Species Index.
Composition of Australian red meat 2002. 2. Fatty acid profile

Australian retail samples of nine beef, six lamb, four veal and two mutton cuts were purchased from 10 retail outlets (butchers and supermarkets) in different socio-economic areas of Sydney and Melbourne. Lean and fat components were analysed for contents of total and individual fatty acids. Total fatty acids were less than 5 g/100 g edible meat in the lean of all cuts. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids comprised, on average, 40 and 42% respectively of total fatty acids in the lean component of red meat cuts. Saturated fatty acids in the lean component of red meat cuts varied from 0.3 g to 1.9 g/100 g edible meat. Trans fatty acids (18:1 trans) varied from 22 mg/100 g in lean veal to 123 mg/100 g in lean lamb. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly 18:2n-6, 20:4n-6, 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3, ranged from 11 to 29% of total fatty acids. Arachidonic acid ranged from 97 mg/100 g in lean mutton to 55 mg/100 g in lean veal. Docosapentaenoic acid varied from 32 to 54 mg/100 g in the lean component of red meat cuts. There were no significant differences in the proportion of fatty acids between raw and cooked meat. Australian red meat, which is predominantly grass-fed, contains lower levels of total, saturated and trans fatty acids and higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than meat from the UK or the USA.