Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary oxidized oil on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical indices in poultry – a review

Abstract Lipids (fats and oils) are a concentrated source of energy in poultry diets that improves palatability, feed consistency, provides essential fatty acids and increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Fresh oil is an expensive energy source and its exposure to air, heat, metallic catalyst during storage and processing may lead to its oxidative deterioration. This review highlights the response of modern poultry to dietary oxidized oil on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, gut health, carcass characteristics, meat quality, blood chemistry and tissue oxidative status. Literature shows that in moderately (peroxide value (PV): 20 to 50 meq kg−1) and highly (PV: 50 to 100 meq kg−1 or above) oxidized oils, lipid peroxidation causes rancid odours and flavours that negatively affect feed palatability, reduces intestinal villus height that decreases the surface area available for nutrients absorption. The oxidation products also damage fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) in blood resulting in an oxidative stress. The use of oxidized oil in poultry diets has no significant effect on dressing percentage, pH and meat colour, whereas carcass weight decreases and drip loss of meat increases. Overall, there is a contradictory data regarding the influence of oxidized oil in poultry feed depending on the PV and inclusion levels. The reviewed literature shows that the use of mildly oxidized (PV < 20 meq kg−1) oil in poultry feed with 4 to 5% inclusion level decreases the feed cost and ultimately cost of poultry production without compromising their growth performance. It can, therefore, partially replace fresh oil as an efficient, cost effective and sustainable energy source in poultry diets.
Creation of the viral vectors for the inhibition of the serotonergic neurons using light sensitive proton pump

Depression is the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disease in Western countries. Although a variety of pharmacological treatments for this disorder are available, a significant proportion of patients is treatment-resistant and/or suffer from side effects. There is a growing need for a complex understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in the neural circuits and effort for developing novel therapies for the depression. The role of serotonin in depression and antidepressant treatment remains unclear despite decades of research. New optogenetic tools for manipulation of neuronal activity have enabled the investigation of the contribution of distinct neural circuit elements to the pathogenesis of depression. In this study, we used the specific lentiviral vectors for the inhibition of serotonergic neurons. The proton pump archaerhodopsin-3 (eArchT3.0) has been expressed in the serotonergic neurons under the control of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 promotor. Green light stimulation of eArchT3.0 expressing neurons led to a reduced percentage of c-Fos expressing cells among thоse neurons, which indicates a decrease in their activity.
Growth performance , nutrient digestibility and haematological parameters of Red Sokoto bucks fed varied levels of Irish potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) peels

The study aimed at evaluating the performance, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and blood parameters of Red Sokoto bucks fed varying levels of Irish potato peels diets. Irish potato peels (IPP) were collected at different restaurants and chips Joints in Samaru Zaria and dried for 7 days. Twelve (12) bucks with an average weight of 8.66±0.2kgkg were randomly distributed into four treatment diets containing Irish potato peels at 0, 10, 20 and 30% inclusion levels respectively with 3 bucks per treatment in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for 84 days. Result showed that Average final weight, average weight gain average daily feed intake and feed cost (? /kg)were significant (p<0.05) affected by the inclusion level of Irish potato peels. The highest average final weight, average weight gain and average daily feed intake were observed for bucks fed 30% Irish potato peels inclusion. Crude protein and nitrogen free extract digestibility were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the inclusion of Potato peels.All parameters measured for nitrogen retention was significantly (p<0.05) affected by the treatment diets except for nitrogen intake. The results obtained showed no significant (p<0.05) difference in packed cell volume and lymphocytes. Total white blood cell count and haemoglobin were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. It was therefore concluded that feeding buckswith varying level of Irish potato peels significantly increases weight gain, nutrient digestibility and a reduction in the cost of production.
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA NON FISIK MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI KARYAWAN TOSERBA BAROKAH KOTA KEDIRI

Pandemi global karena Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid 19) menuntut banyak perubahan yang harus dilakukan, salah satunya adalah perubahan pada lingkungan kerja non fisik seperti yang dilakukan pada toserba Barokah Kota Kediri. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana dampak perubahan kebijakan terkait lingkungan kerja non fisik pada toserba Barokah Kota Kediri bagi karyawan? , bagaimana perubahan tersebut berdampak pada kinerja dan kepuasan kerja karyawan? Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik studi kasus. Data diambil dengan teknik wawancara pada tiga informan yaitu karyawan pelayanan toserba Barokah Kota Kediri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan lingkungan non fisik di toserba Barokah Kota Kediri berdampak negatif dan positif. Dampak negatif adalah keluhan atas beban kerja, sedangkan dampak positif yakni pekerjaan yang lebih fokus, lebih perhatian pada kesehatan diri sendiri maupun orang lain, lebih terbiasa hidup bersih dan sehat, peningkatan kemampuan, ketrampilan kerja, komitmen dan motivasi karyawan, serta kepuasan karyawan atas pekerjaan dan rekan kerja. Kata Kunci : Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik, Kinerja Karyawan, Kepuasan Kerja
Hydrogels physiques de chitosane pour la régénération in vivo du tissu cutané après brûlures du troisième degré

Ce travail concerne l’etude des proprietes biologiques d’hydrogels physiques bicouches de chitosane, dont l’usage est destine a la cicatrisation des brulures du 3eme degre. L’etude bacteriologique a revele que les dispositifs presentaient des proprietes bacteriostatiques voire bactericides de grand interet pour l’application visee. L’etude a long terme de la cicatrisation en presence des hydrogels physiques bicouches de chitosane a montre que ces dispositifs permettent la reconstruction d’un tissu bien organise, bien vascularise et aux proprietes mecaniques et esthetiques similaires a celles d’un tissu sain. L’avantage therapeutique du dispositif propose est que le systeme hydrogel n’a pas a etre remplace au cours de la cicatrisation, contrairement aux pansements traditionnels qui necessitent d’etre changes regulierement, impliquant risques d’infection, douleurs et alteration du tissu en formation. Le tissu cutane a ete etudie au cours de ce travail a differentes echelles et selon differentes approches complementaires : une approche esthetique et clinique (photos, calques), mecanique (tests de traction), histologique et immuno-histologique, et enfin nanostructurale grâce a l’utilisation conjointe de la microscopie electronique et de la diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles. L’etude histologique detaillee des interactions biologiques entre le tissu hote et le dispositif a permis de valider son caractere biocompatible, bioresorbable et colonisable, et d’envisager son utilisation en ingenierie tissulaire en tant que milieu a gradient de proprietes biologiques, favorable au developpement de neo-tissu cutane.
A Word Embedding Model for Analyzing Patterns and Their Distributional Semantics

ABSTRACT Recent advances in natural language processing have catalysed active research in designing algorithms to generate contextual vector representations of words, or word embedding, in the machine learning and computational linguistics community. Existing works pay little attention to patterns of words, which encode rich semantic information and impose semantic constraints on a word’s context. This paper explores the feasibility of incorporating word embedding with pattern grammar, a grammar model to describe the syntactic environment of lexical items. Specifically, this research develops a method to extract patterns with semantic information of word embedding and investigates the statistical regularities and distributional semantics of the extracted patterns. The major results of this paper are as follows. Experiments on the LCMC Chinese corpus reveal that the frequency of patterns follows Zipf’s hypothesis, and the frequency and pattern length are inversely related. Therefore, the proposed method enables the study of distributional properties of patterns in large-scale corpora. Furthermore, experiments illustrate that our extracted patterns impose semantic constraints on context, proving that patterns encode rich semantic and contextual information. This sheds light on the potential applications of pattern-based word embedding in a wide range of natural language processing tasks.
Optimization of Sulfate Aerosol Hygroscopicity Parameter in WRF-Chem version (3.8.1)

Abstract. A new sulfate aerosol hygroscopicity parameter (κSO4) parameterization is suggested that is capable of considering the two major sulfate aerosols, H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4, using the molar ratio of ammonium to sulfate (R). An alternative κSO4 parameterization method is also suggested that utilizes typical geographical distribution patterns of sulfate and ammonium, which can be used when ammonium data is not available for model calculation. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry model (WRF-Chem), impacts of different κSO4 parameterizations on cloud microphysical properties and cloud radiative effects in East Asia are examined. Comparisons with the observational data obtained from an aircraft field campaign suggest that the new κSO4 parameterizations simulate more reliable aerosol and CCN concentrations, especially over the sea in East Asia than the original κSO4 parameterization in WRF-Chem that assumes sulfate aerosols as (NH4)2SO4 only. With the new κSO4 parameterizations, the simulated cloud microphysical properties and precipitation became significantly different, resulting in greater cloud albedo effect of about −1.5 W m−2 in East Asia than that with the original κSO4 parameterization. The new κSO4 parameterizations are simple and readily applicable to numerical studies of investigating the impact of sulfate aerosols in aerosol-cloud interactions without additional computational expenses.
PENGARUH KERAGAMAN GEN DGAT1 TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL DAN TRIGELISERIDA DARAH DOMBA PADJADJARAN (The Effect of DGAT1 Gene Diversity on Padjadjaran Sheep to Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels)

Abstrak Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keragaman gen DGAT1 pada domba Padjadjaran terhadap kandungan kolesterol dan trigiserida darah. Ternak domba yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan domba Padjadjaran umur 1,5 tahun, yang telah diidentifikasi memiliki genotipe tertentu berdasarkan gen DGAT1. Total sampel domba yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor. Sampel yang digunakan terdistribusi dalam tiga genotipe (5 CC, 5 CT dan 5 TT). Penilaian komponen lemak meliputi: (1) Kandungan kolesterol total dan Kandungan Trigeliserida. Pemeriksaan kolesterol menggunakan metode: CHOD-PAP (Cholesterol Oxidase-Peroxidase Aminoantipyrine Phenol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar kolesterol total darah domba Padjajaran berada pada kisaran normal dan keragaman gen DGAT1 tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar kolesterol darah. Dari ketiga genotype DGAT, menunjukkan kelompok CC memiliki kadar kolesterol total paling rendah, dibandingkan kelompok lainnya, sedangkan kadar trigliserida terendah didapatkan pada genotype TT, namun tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan genotype CC dan CT. Kata-kata kunci: domba Padjadjaran, gen DGAT1, kolesterol Abstract The study was conducted to determine the effect of DGAT1 gene diversity on Padjadjaran sheep to cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The sheep used in this study is a 1.5-year-old Padjadjaran sheep, which has a specific genotype based on the DGAT1 gene. Total sample of sheep that used as many as 15 tail. The samples used were distributed in three genotypes (5 CC, 5 CT and 5 TT). Assessment of fat content are total cholesterol and Trigeliserida. ,using cholesterol method: CHOD-PAP (Cholesterol Oxidase-Peroxidase Aminoantipyrine Phenol). The results showed that total DGAT1 did not significantly affect to blood cholesterol level. Of the three DGAT genotypes, the CC group had the lowest total cholesterol levels, compared to the other groups, while the triglyceride levels were low in the TT genotype, but not significantly different from the CC and CT genotypes. Keywords : Padjadjaran sheep, DGAT1, Choleseterol
Glucocorticoid Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Induced Macrophage Growth by Suppressing the Expression of Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Abstract—Glucocorticoid, an anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in various experimental animal models. This is partially explained by its ability to inhibit smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in the intima and to reduce chemotaxis of circulating monocytes and leukocytes into the subendothelial spaces. We have recently demonstrated that oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) has a mitogenic activity for macrophages in vitro in which Ox-LDL–induced granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production plays an important role. Proliferation of cellular components is one of the characteristic events in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of glucocorticoids on Ox-LDL–induced macrophage growth. Dexamethasone, prednisolone, and cortisol inhibited Ox-LDL–induced thymidine incorporation into macrophages by 85%, 70%, and 50%, respectively. Ox-LDL induced a significant production of GM-CSF by macropha.
Characterization of single-stranded DNA-binding protein SsbB from Staphylococcus aureus: SsbB cannot stimulate PriA helicase

Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) are essential to cells as they participate in DNA metabolic processes, such as DNA replication, repair, and recombination. The functions of SSBs have been studied extensively in Escherichia coli. Unlike E. coli, which contains only one type of SSB (EcSSB), some bacteria have more than one paralogous SSB. In Staphylococcus aureus, three SSBs are found, namely, SsbA, SaSsbB, and SsbC. While EcSSB can significantly stimulate EcPriA helicase, SaSsbA does not affect the SaPriA activity. It remains unclear whether SsbBs can participate in the PriA-directed DNA replication restart process. In this study, we characterized the properties of SaSsbBs through structural and functional analyses. Crystal structure of SaSsbB determined at 2.9 Å resolution (PDB entry 5YYU) revealed four OB folds in the N-terminal DNA-binding domain. DNA binding analysis using EMSA showed that SaSsbB binds to ssDNA with greater affinity than SaSsbA does. Gene map analysis demonstrated that SAAV0835 encoding SaSsbB is flanked by unknown genes encoding hypothetical proteins, namely, putative Sipho_Gp157, ERF, and HNHc_6 gene products. Structure-based mutational analysis indicated that the four aromatic residues (Phe37, Phe48, Phe54, and Tyr82) in SaSsbB are at positions that structurally correspond to the important residues of EcSSB for binding to ssDNA and are also critical for SaSsbB to bind ssDNA. Similar to EcSSB and other SSBs such as SaSsbA and SaSsbC, SaSsbB also exhibited high thermostability. However, unlike EcSSB, which can stimulate EcPriA, SaSsbB did not affect the activity of SaPriA. Based on results in this study and previous works, we therefore established that SsbA and SsbB, as well as SsbC, do not stimulate PriA activity.
Short Communication: Presence of arbuscular mycorrhiza in maize plantation land cultivated with traditional and improved land management

Ishaq L. 2018. Short Communication: Presence of arbuscular mycorrhiza in maize plantation land cultivated with traditional and improved land management.Trop Drylands 2: 20-24. Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are one of key fungtional soil biota that can greatly contribute to crop productiviy and agricultural sustainability. Their presences could be influenced by soil condition such as land management, and the sporulation of the fungal forming mycorrhiza could be affected by season ie. rainy and dry season. Previously, it was found that the abundance of AM fungi was higher under maize cropping with traditional land management (no tillage, no input of agrochemicals) than that under maize copping system with more modern land management (tillage, agrochemical input), when the soils were sampled at rainy season. As the presence of AM fungi could be influenced by climate factor ie. rain/season, the present study was carried out to examine the abundance and diversity of AM fungi in maize plantation land cultivated with traditional and improved land management in the dry season. At each land management system, three locations of study were purposively selected, and at each location within the cropping system, three soil samples were collected. A total of 9 soil samples representing each land management system were evaluated. The variables observed included AM fungal spore density (expressed as the number of AM fungal spores per 100 g of soil) and biodiversity of AM fungi (expressed as relative abundance of AM fungal spore). It was found that the density of AM fungal spore under maize cropping system with traditional land management was 203.55 per 100g, whereas only 84.91 spores per 100 g soil were found under maize cropping system with improved land management, supporting the previous finding. Despite only six AM fungal spores morphotypes were observed under maize plantation land of both traditional and improved land management, the abundance of the morphotype was different between the two land management systems. The study needs to be extended at a broader location and time to get more representative information on the impact of land management on the abundance of AM fungi in tropical agriculture.
Blame It on Individual or Organization Environment: What Predicts Workplace Deviance More?

Deviant workplace behavior is one of the widely present employee behaviors that create significant organizational cost, create an unhealthy working environment, and lead to various social and psychological job- and non-job-related consequences. Although various personality, situational, and organizational factors have been analyzed as instigators of such behavior, literature calls for a more comprehensive approach that analyzes interaction and mutual effects of different sources of deviant behavior. This paper explores organizational culture and individual personality as the antecedents of deviant workplace behavior. A multilevel perspective is applied in empirical research that was done on a sample of 251 employees from 11 organizations in Croatia. Results of our research and hierarchical linear modeling imply that individual-related factors, namely, age and gender, as well as personality traits, are greater predictors of both individual and organizational deviance as opposed to organizational culture.
Indefinite expressions and accessibility hierarchy to core argument functionsin a sample of Austronesian languages(and beyond)

In many languages, indefinite expressions are known to have restricted access to core argument functions. This article focuses on the accessibility hierarchy of indefinite expressions to subject and object functions in a sample of Austronesian languages. Aiming at some comparative analysis, some cross-linguistic perspectives on the differential encoding of ± definite core arguments and other types of restrictions are discussed. The questions addressed are: (i) What type of indefinite nouns have core argument function? (ii) If barred from core argument function, how are indefinite arguments circumvented? (iii) Does existence or lack of indefinite articles correlate with access to core argument function, and in what way? In Austronesian languages, one finding is that languages with indefinite articles display fewer restrictions on the access of indefinite NPs to core argument function. Another finding is that differences of definiteness, individuation and specificity of arguments tend to be expressed by distinct domains: the noun phrase in languages with indefinite articles, the verb phrase in languages without indefinite articles (via valency, voice alternations, alignment changes), with an intermediate situation in some Micronesian languages.
Influences of facultative paedomorphosis on kin selection in a larval salamander, Ambystoma talpoideum

Kin selection in larval amphibians is hypothesized to increase survival to metamorphosis. While kin selection may benefit amphibians with obligate metamorphosis, increased survival within sibships may exert fitness costs on facultatively paedomorphic species, such as increased competition among kin. Consequently, it is unclear whether such species should engage in kin selection. We investigated kin selection in a facultatively paedomorphic salamander, Ambystoma talpoideum, using laboratory behavioural trials and microcosm experiments. Individuals were most aggressive towards familiar siblings, and full-sibship groups incurred more injuries than mixed-sibship groups; however, familiar siblings ultimately exhibited higher survival. Thus, while short-term responses appeared to reflect the hypothesized costs of kin recognition, long-term patterns of survival did not support this hypothesis. The inconsistencies between results suggest that short-term studies may not capture ontogenetic variation in kin selection, and that long-term studies are needed to better test the hypothesized effects of kin selection on survival and metamorphosis.
Developmental neurotoxicology of polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds

Polychlorinated biphenyls are stable, lipophilic industrial compounds that are present in residue levels in human tissue, wildlife and freshwater sediment. They are toxic and are known to pass the placenta and intoxicate the fetus. Two large outbreaks of poisoning have occurred in Asia and women pregnant at or after the exposures had children who were developmentally impaired. Laboratory experiments in rhesus monkeys and rodents designed to assess neural or developmental neurotoxic effects show altered activity levels, impaired learning, and delayed ontogeny of reflexes. Children exposed transplacentally to PCBs in North America have been reported to display hypotonia and hyporeflexia at birth, delay in psychomotor development at 6 and 12 months of age and poorer visual recognition at 7 months. PCBs appear to be developmental neurotoxicants in both humans and animals and may pose a significant health risk, particularly to pregnant women and their offspring.