Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phonetics and phonology of main stress in Italian

Vowel duration is not contrastive in standard and regional varieties of Italian. However, vowels in stressed open syllables are longer than unstressed vowels or vowels in closed syllables. The increased duration is not equal in all positions. Most notably, the increased duration of a stressed open penultimate syllable is much greater than the duration of a stressed open antepenultimate syllable or a stressed final syllable, which has no noticeable duration increase. Nonetheless, phonological analyses of Italian have characterised length by a single rule (see for example Vogel 1986, Nespor & Vogel 1986) that lengthens non-final main stress vowels regardless of position. Phonetic studies, particularly Farnetani & Kori (1983, 1990) and Marotta (1985), pay closer attention to the duration of stressed vowels in different positions. Although their explanations of stressed vowel duration differ, the common theme is that duration differences are due to shortening vowels as a consequence of word compression or position (antepenultimate or penultimate syllable) in the word. While the phonetic approaches account for differences in duration due to shortening, the phonological approaches propose lengthening with no regard for actual duration differences. The phonetic and phonological approaches to stressed vowel duration in Italian appear to be diametrically opposed. This paper proposes that lengthening a stressed vowel is the correct characterisation of duration differences in Italian, but there is no single rule that lengthens stressed vowels.
Yoga Therapeutics: An Ancient, Dynamic Systems Theory

Summary A growing percentage of the population is either participating in yoga or contemplating yoga for support of their health. The orthopedist will be better prepared to work with that population through a review of an introduction of yoga terminology, a neurophysiologic rationale for yoga therapeutics, and examples of clinical applications. These techniques offer a high utility of application through ready reference tables for taking an appropriate history, a guide of orthopaedic implications for the most common types of yoga practices, and a screening for risk management issues in conjunction with yoga. Those tools simplify the clinical application of yoga therapeutics in conjunction with traditional rehabilitation therapists that use the principles and yoga instructors. Additionally, there is a straightforward guide to practice development and referral marketing techniques with the yoga demographic market. The balance of techniques and theory addressing yoga therapeutics fosters a clinical confidence in the efficacy of adopting yoga as a complement to traditional orthopaedic care.
PARENT/CAREGIVER INVOLVEMENT TO MANAGE PAIN IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA

Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia experience pain from the disease, treatment and procedures. Parents can be effective in managing their child’s pain but little is known about how they learn to do this. This study was framed by Appreciative Inquiry (Cooperrider, 2008) and Interpretive Descriptive methods (Thorne, 2008) were used to describe: pain sources, parents’ pain care role, and key structures supporting their pain care involvement. Eight clinic nurses and ten parents participated and six key themes per group were identified. Parent themes included: establishing therapeutic relationships, relearning how to care for my child, overcoming challenges and recognizing pain, learning parent specific strategies, empowered to take active pain care role, and maintaining relationships. Nurse themes included: establishing relationships, preparing parents to care for their child, facilitating pain assessment, teaching parents best pain care, empowering parents, and maintaining relationships. These findings can be used to guide clinical practice and future research. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED AI Appreciative Inquiry ALL Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia BMA Bone Marrow Aspiration FCC Family Care Coordinator IASP International Association for the Study of Pain LP Lumbar Puncture NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug PARIHS Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services PI Principal Investigator SCMP Social Communication Model of Pain STIP Sensitivity Temperament Inventory for Pain WHO World Health Organization
An SOI Photodetector With Field-Induced Embedded Diode Showing High Responsivity and Tunable Response Spectrum by Backgate

In this paper, we demonstrate experimentally a photodetector based on silicon-on-insulator substrate. The photosensing diode is formed in the substrate induced by the backgate bias instead of doping. TCAD simulation is conducted to confirm that the field-induced junction performs similarly as the doped p-n junction in terms of photodetection. A simplified process flow with low process temperature is developed to fabricate the device, which can save implantation step and reduce the cost. The photoresponses of the device under various biases, light intensities, and wavelengths are studied systematically with both experiment and TCAD simulation. Responsivity up to 1150 A/W is achieved experimentally. In addition, the response spectrum can be modulated by the back gate bias, which is a very attractive feature for multiband photodetection application. The field-induced photodiode in the substrate modulates the threshold voltage of the MOSFET at top Si layer as efficiently as the doped junction, confirmed by TCAD simulation.
FPGA Acceleration to Solve Maximum Clique Problems Encoded into Partial MaxSAT

In this paper, we propose an FPGA solver for the maximum clique problems encoded into the partial maximum satisfiability (partial MaxSAT). Given a Boolean formula with hard constraints that required to be satisfied and soft constraints that are desired to be satisfied, the goal of partial MaxSAT is to find a truth assignment that satisfies all hard constraints and as many soft constraints as possible. The maximum clique problem involves finding a clique with the maximum possible number of vertices in a given graph, which can be formulated as partial MaxSAT in a natural way. The Dist algorithm is one of the best performing local search algorithms for solving partial MaxSAT. In this paper, we reconstruct the Dist algorithm to leverage its inherent parallelism while maintaining the accuracy of the algorithm for maximum clique problems and then describe the implementation of the algorithm on FPGA. Our FPGA solver can solve partial MaxSAT-encoded maximum clique problems up to 22 times faster than the Dist algorithm on CPU.
An Embodied Tutoring System for Literal vs. Metaphorical Concepts

In this paper we combine motion captured data with linguistic notions (preliminary study) in a game-like tutoring system (study 1), in order to help elementary school students to better differentiate literal from metaphorical uses of motion verbs, based on embodied information. In addition to the thematic goal, we intend to improve young students’ attention and spatiotemporal memory, by presenting sensorimotor data experimentally collected from thirty two participants in our motion capturing labs. Furthermore, we examine the accomplishment of tutor’s goals and compare them to curriculum’s approach (study 2). Sixty nine elementary school students were randomly divided in two experimental groups (game-like and traditional) and one control group, which did not undergo an intervention. All groups were tested in pre and post-tests. Even though the diagnostic pretests present a uniform picture, two way analysis of variance suggests that the experimental groups showed progress in post-tests and, more specifically, game-like group showed less wrong answers in the linguistics task and higher learning achievements compared to the other two groups. Furthermore, in the game-like condition the participants needed gradually shorter period of time to identify the avatar’s actions. This finding was considered as a first indication of attentional and spatiotemporal memory’s improvement, while the tutor’s assistance features cultivated students’ metacognitive perception.
Onboard Observation Task Planning for an Autonomous Earth Observation Satellite Using Long Short-Term Memory

Onboard observation task planning plays an essential role in satellite autonomy, which has attracted considerable attention from researchers in recent years. Most of the existing studies solve the satellite onboard observation task planning problem (SOOTP) by searching algorithms. However, the limited computing resources and the changes of onboard condition present a new challenge for these methods. In this paper, we develop a sequential decision-making model and propose a deep learning-based planning method to solve the SOOTP. Instead of generating a short-term or long-term plan in advance, the sequential decision-making model enables the satellite to decide the observation task to execute in real-time. In the deep learning-based planning method, a long short-term memory-based encoding network is designed to extract the features and a classification network is used to make such a decision. In the experiment, we compared our method with the gated recurrent unit network and other three searching algorithms based on five scenarios. The experimental results show that our method can solve problems with 90.3%–93.7% accuracy, 2.19%–3.95% profit gap, and 0.004–0.006 s response time per task, which confirms its feasibility.
Dynamic control of endogenous metabolism with combinatorial logic circuits

Controlling gene expression during a bioprocess enables real‐time metabolic control, coordinated cellular responses, and staging order‐of‐operations. Achieving this with small molecule inducers is impractical at scale and dynamic circuits are difficult to design. Here, we show that the same set of sensors can be integrated by different combinatorial logic circuits to vary when genes are turned on and off during growth. Three Escherichia coli sensors that respond to the consumption of feedstock (glucose), dissolved oxygen, and by‐product accumulation (acetate) are constructed and optimized. By integrating these sensors, logic circuits implement temporal control over an 18‐h period. The circuit outputs are used to regulate endogenous enzymes at the transcriptional and post‐translational level using CRISPRi and targeted proteolysis, respectively. As a demonstration, two circuits are designed to control acetate production by matching their dynamics to when endogenous genes are expressed (pta or poxB) and respond by turning off the corresponding gene. This work demonstrates how simple circuits can be implemented to enable customizable dynamic gene regulation.
ANALYSIS OF IMAGE WATERMARKING USING LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT ALGORITHM

The rapid advancement of internet has made it easier to send the data/image accurate and faster to the destination. But thisadvantage is also accompanied with the disadvantage of modifying and misusing the valuable information through intercepting or hacking.So In order to transfer the data/image to the intended user at destination without anyalterations or modifications, there are many approaches like Cryptography, Watermarking and Steganography. This paper presents the general overview of image watermarking and different security issues. In this paper, Image Watermarking using Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm has been used for embedding the message/logo into the image. This work has been implemented through MATLAB.
Emergence of linguistic conventions in multi-agent reinforcement learning

Recently, emergence of signaling conventions, among which language is a prime example, draws a considerable interdisciplinary interest ranging from game theory, to robotics to evolutionary linguistics. Such a wide spectrum of research is based on much different assumptions and methodologies, but complexity of the problem precludes formulation of a unifying and commonly accepted explanation. We examine formation of signaling conventions in a framework of a multi-agent reinforcement learning model. When the network of interactions between agents is a complete graph or a sufficiently dense random graph, a global consensus is typically reached with the emerging language being a nearly unique object-word mapping or containing some synonyms and homonyms. On finite-dimensional lattices, the model gets trapped in disordered configurations with a local consensus only. Such a trapping can be avoided by introducing a population renewal, which in the presence of superlinear reinforcement restores an ordinary surface-tension driven coarsening and considerably enhances formation of efficient signaling.
Using item response theory with health system data to identify latent groups of patients with multiple health conditions

A critical step toward tailoring effective interventions for heterogeneous and medically complex patients is to identify clinically meaningful subgroups on the basis of their comorbid conditions. We applied Item Response Theory (IRT), a potentially useful tool to identify clinically meaningful subgroups, to characterize phenotypes within a cohort of high-risk patients. This was a retrospective cohort study using 68,400 high-risk Veteran’s Health Administration (VHA) patients. Thirty-one physical and mental health diagnosis indicators based on ICD-9 codes from patients’ inpatient, outpatient VHA and VA-paid community care claims. Results revealed 6 distinct subgroups of high-risk patients were identified: substance use, complex mental health, complex diabetes, liver disease, cancer with cardiovascular disease, and cancer with mental health. Multinomial analyses showed that subgroups significantly differed on demographic and utilization variables which underscored the uniqueness of the groups. Using IRT models with clinical diagnoses from electronic health records permitted identification of diagnostic constellations among otherwise undifferentiated high-risk patients. Recognizing distinct patient profiles provides a framework from which insights into medical complexity of high-risk patients can be explored and effective interventions can be tailored.
Modelling and control of non-holonomic wheeled mobile robots

A general dynamical model is derived for three-wheel mobile robots with nonholonomic constraints by using a Lagrange formulation and differential geometry. It is shown that a static state feedback allows one to reduce the dynamics of the system to a form in which stabilizing input-output linearizing control is possible. <<ETX>>
Microorganisms in the ticks Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 collected from snakes in Brazil

Knowledge about ticks (Acari) and screening of ticks parasitizing various hosts are necessary to understand the epidemiology of tick‐borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate tick infestations on snakes (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes) arriving at the serpentarium at the Institute Vital Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Some of the identified ticks were individually tested for the presence of bacteria of the genera Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Borrelia (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae), Coxiella (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae), Bartonella (Rhizobiales: Bartonellaceae), Ehrlichia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and Apicomplexa protozoa of the genera Babesia (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) and Hepatozoon (Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae). A total of 115 hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) were collected from 17 host individuals obtained from four Brazilian states. Two species of tick were identified: Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 (four larvae, 16 nymphs, 40 adults), and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 (12 nymphs, 43 adults). Rickettsia bellii was found in A. rotundatum and A. dissimile ticks and Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi, Anaplasma‐like and Hepatozoon sp. in A. dissimile ticks. Among the tested ticks, no DNA of Borrelia, Bartonella, Coxiella or Babesia was found. The present findings extend the geographic range of Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi in Brazil and provide novel tick–host associations.
Bone infarction of the hip after hand allotransplantation: A case report

Vascularized composite allotransplantation represents as an emerging field in reconstructive surgery. However, some complications can be associated with the procedure. The authors describe a case of bone infarctions of the bilateral hip joints following the first hand allotransplantation in Taiwan. A 45‐year‐old man who experienced a traumatic amputation of the distal third of his forearm received a hand transplantation from a brain‐dead donor. Immunosuppression included antithymocyte globulins, and bolus methylprednisolone (Solu‐Medrol) was used for the induction. The maintenance therapy protocol included systemic tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. The patient discontinued the systemic steroid 15 months after surgery. Two episodes of acute rejections were observed at 105 and 810 days after surgery. These signs disappeared after pulse therapy with Solu‐Medrol, titration with tacrolimus, and topical immunosuppressive creams (tacrolimus and clobetasol). However, the patient felt pain in both hips after long periods of standing 30 months after the transplantation. A pelvic radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging revealed avascular necrosis (AVN) in both hip joints. Because of the progressive worsening of the pain, the patient underwent a decompression surgery on the left hip involving a fibula bone graft. The patient underwent a right hip hemi‐arthroplasty with a bipolar prosthesis 3 months later. The patient remained in good health without major complications. These findings indicate that systemic steroids and tacrolimus might be the major predisposing factors for the induction of AVN after hand allotransplantation.
Autophagy mediates SUMO-induced degradation of a polyglutamine protein ataxin-3

ABSTRACT Previously, we reported that small ubiquitin-like modifier-1 (SUMO-1) promotes the degradation of a polyglutamine (polyQ) protein ataxin-3 and proposed that proteasomes mediate the proteolysis. Here, we present evidence that autophagy is also responsible for SUMO-induced degradation of this polyQ protein. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA increased the steady-state level of ataxin-3 and stabilized SUMO-modified ataxin-3 more prominently than the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Interestingly, SUMO-1 overexpression enhanced the co-localization of ataxin-3 and autophagy marker LC3 without increasing LC3 puncta formation suggesting that SUMO-1 is involved in the substrate recruitment rather than the induction of autophagy. To assess the importance of a putative SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) in ataxin-3 for SUMO-induced degradation, we constructed a SIM mutant of ataxin-3. Substitution of putative SIM (V165G) facilitated the degradation of polyQ-expanded ataxin-3, which is more resistant to SUMO-induced degradation than the normal ataxin-3. These results together indicate that SUMO-1 promotes the degradation of ataxin-3 via autophagy and the putative SIM of ataxin-3 plays a role in this process.
Name Filter: A Countermeasure Against Information Leakage Attacks in Named Data Networking

Named data networking (NDN) has emerged as a future networking architecture having the potential to replace the Internet. In order to do so, the NDN needs to cope with inherent problems of the Internet, such as attacks that cause information leakage from an enterprise. Since NDN has not yet been deployed on a large scale, it is currently unknown how such attacks can occur, let alone what countermeasures can be taken against them. In this paper, we first show that information leakage in NDN can be caused by malware inside an enterprise, which uses steganography to produce malicious interest names encoding confidential information. We investigate such attacks by utilizing a content name dataset based on uniform resource locators (URLs) collected by a Web crawler. Our main contribution is a name filter based on anomaly detection that takes the dataset as input and classifies a name in the Interest as legitimate or not. Our evaluation shows that the malware can exploit the path part in the URL-based NDN name to create malicious names, thus, information leakage in the NDN cannot be prevented completely. However, we show for the first time that our filter can dramatically choke the leakage throughput causing the malware to be 137 times less efficient at leaking information. This finding opens up an interesting avenue of research that could result in a safer future networking architecture.
Mutations in Kinesin family member 6 reveal specific role in ependymal cell ciliogenesis and human neurological development

Cerebrospinal fluid flow is crucial for neurodevelopment and homeostasis of the ventricular system of the brain, with localized flow being established by the polarized beating of the ependymal cell (EC) cilia. Here, we report a homozygous one base-pair deletion, c.1193delT (p.Leu398Glnfs*2), in the Kinesin Family Member 6 (KIF6) gene in a child displaying neurodevelopmental defects and intellectual disability. To test the pathogenicity of this novel human KIF6 mutation we engineered an analogous C-terminal truncating mutation in mouse. These mutant mice display severe, postnatal-onset hydrocephalus. We generated a Kif6-LacZ transgenic mouse strain and report expression specifically and uniquely within the ependymal cells (ECs) of the brain, without labeling other multiciliated mouse tissues. Analysis of Kif6 mutant mice with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence (IF) revealed specific defects in the formation of EC cilia, without obvious effect of cilia of other multiciliated tissues. Dilation of the ventricular system and defects in the formation of EC cilia were also observed in adult kif6 mutant zebrafish. Finally, we report Kif6-GFP localization at the axoneme and basal bodies of multi-ciliated cells (MCCs) of the mucociliary Xenopus epidermis. Overall, this work describes the first clinically-defined KIF6 homozygous null mutation in human and defines KIF6 as a conserved mediator of neurological development with a specific role for EC ciliogenesis in vertebrates.
Development of an automatic trajectory planning system (ATPS) for spray painting robots

An automatic trajectory planning system (ATPS) for painting robots is developed. Geometric modeling, painting mechanics, and robot dynamics are considered to produce an optimal trajectory (in the sense of coating uniformity and painting time) based on the CAD data describing the shape of objects. The scheme was implemented on a SUN/4 workstation to develop an ATPS for painting robots. To test the effectiveness and illustrate the developed system, numerous experiments were performed and analyzed. The practical application of the developed system is for planning an optimal robot trajectory such that uniform coating thickness is achieved in minimum painting time. <<ETX>>
Future CMB cosmological constraints in a dark coupled universe

Cosmic microwave background satellite missions as the ongoing Planck experiment are expected to provide the strongest constraints on a wide set of cosmological parameters. Those constraints, however, could be weakened when the assumption of a cosmological constant as the dark energy component is removed. Here we show that it will indeed be the case when there exists a coupling among the dark energy and the dark matter fluids. In particular, the expected errors on key parameters as the cold dark matter density and the angular diameter distance at decoupling are significantly larger when a dark coupling is introduced. We show that it will be the case also for future satellite missions as EPIC, unless CMB lensing extraction is performed.