Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GA-MIMO: Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of ESPAR Antenna on Beamspace MIMO

An electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) antenna can be used on a beamspace (BS)-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system to reduce the device complexity. An ESPAR antenna has beamforming ability with single RF chain. However, antenna structure and channel conditions affect the number of orthogonal basis pattern which generated using Gram-Schmidt method. Based on this problem, reactance value at each parasitic element need to be optimized to form radiation pattern that required by the BS-MIMO. In this research, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize reactance value which represented by the correlation between the desired and achieved radiation pattern, in different number of elements and different channel condition. GA is selected because this problem can be modeled as chromosome and several individual. Furthermore, the result shows in channel-ignorant and channel-aware, antenna with seven elements has a correlation in median value of 99.46% and 90.58%, respectively. Antena electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) dapat digunakan dalam sistem beamspace (BS)-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) dalam mengatasi kompleksitas perangkat. Antena ESPAR memiliki kemampuan untuk membentuk pola radiasi pada arah tertentu dengan menggunakan terminal tunggal, namun struktur antena dan kondisi kanal mempengaruhi pola dasar ortogonal yang dihasilkan melalui metode Gram Schmidt. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, nilai reaktansi pada setiap elemen parasit perlu dioptimasi sehingga dapat menghasilkan pola radiasi yang dibutuhkan oleh sistem BS-MIMO. Pada penelitian ini, Algoritma Genetika digunakan untuk mengoptimasi nilai reaktansi yang direpresentasikan melalui korelasi antara pola radiasi yang dibutuhkan dengan pola radiasi yang dihasilkan, dalam jumlah elemen yang berbeda dan kondisi kanal yang berbeda. AG dipilih karena permasalahan ini dapat dimodelkan sebagai kromosom dan beberapa individual. Hasil analisis pada kondisi channel-ignorant dan channel-aware menunjukkan bahwa antena dengan tujuh elemen memiliki korelasi nilai median sebesar 99,46% dan 90,58%.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. PLN (persero) Wilayah I Aceh

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada karyawan PT. PLN (persero) Wilayah I aceh. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui data primer yaitu dengan membagikan daftar pernyataan (kuesioner) kepada setiap responden. Penentuan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quota sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 62 0rang dari 162 orang karyawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja dengan kinerja karyawan erat. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0.702 atau sebesar 70.2%. Selanjutnya koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.493 yang berarti bahwa sebesar 49.3% perubahan kinerja karyawan dipengaruhi oleh variabel budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja sedangkan sisanya sebesar 50.7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel lain yang tidak digunakan dalam penelitian ini.
Diagnóstico e manejo da obesidade em cães: revisão

Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue of the body which results from an inappropriate consumption of energy and protein leading to a positive energy balance. Excess weight and obesity affect about 25% of dogs, a percentage that may vary between 20 and 45% of the dog population presenting for consultation in centers and veterinary clinics in several Western countries and Australia. Obesity is thus considered a nutritional disease common in companion animals (dogs and cats). Risk factors associated with obesity include genetics, breed, age, physical activity, the type of food consumed, and castration, amongst others. This review intends to address the problem of obesity, its risk factors in dogs and cats and their comprehensive management. Additionally, a simple procedure is proposed for establishing the precise quantity of daily food to be provided to each patient according to their physiological condition. Abstract
Structural Design for Pressure- And Temperature-Resistant Buildings

Loads from explosions differ from seismic and wind loads due to their greater severity, continuity, rapidity, and thermal extremity. That is, explosions cause massive structural damage by exposing surrounding structures to extremely high pressure and temperature. Thus, structures at risk of explosive damage must be stronger than typical buildings in withstanding both ordinary loads and the additional pressure and temperature loads caused. Explosion-resistant structures are required in the petrochemical industry, explosive armories, power stations, and gas storage facilities, among others. This study aims to examine the structural performance of a building subject to three types of loads: (1) the pressure of 300 bars, (2) the temperature of 300 C, and (3) the pressure of 300 bars combined with the temperature of 300 C. The research analyzes three primary reinforced structures, namely columns, beams, and slabs, in terms of the parameters resulting from each scenario to determine a set of criteria for designing the structural components of explosion-resistant buildings.
Algumas peculiaridades da radiação associada a uma eletrodinâmica que viola a simetria de Lorentz

FONSECA, Jakson Miranda, M. Sc. , Universidade Federal de Viçosa, July, 2009. Peculiarities in the radiation from a Lorentz-violating electrodynamics. Adviser: Winder Alexander de Moura Melo. Co-Advisers: Afrânio Rodrigues Pereira and Daniel Heber T. Franco. We discuss an effective field theory in (3+1) dimensions incorporating Lorentz violations. The model considered is the Standard Model Extension (SME), the most general observer independent field theoretical framework for investigations of Lorentz violation symmetry. A brief review on this framework is given with particular emphasis on the gauge sector of the “quantum electrodynamics” coming about from the SME, where a number of issues related to the emission and absorption of radiation by non-relativistic electrons in (3+1) dimensions taken into account. Among other results, we have realized that Planck-type law acquires extra terms proportional to the violating parameters: for the CPT -odd model, the leading extra terms appear to be linear or quadratic in these violating parameters according to the background vector is parallel or perpendicular to the photon wave-vector. Also, the radiation spectrum presents an anisotropic angular distribution. In the CPT -even case a linear “correction” shows up. Among other possible ways to probe for these violations, by means of the present results, we may quote the direct observation of the extra contributions for the radiation spectrum or a difference in the photon mean occupation number for the two distinct modes. Although very small, such effects may be enhanced at very low temperatures and frequencies. We argue, based on the algebraic method of renormalization, that radiative corrections arising from
Crecimiento Económico, PTF y PIB Potencial en Argentina

El documento descompone las fuentes de crecimiento economico en Argentina y provee estimaciones de la Productividad Total de los Factores (PTF), el PIB potencial y la brecha del producto para el periodo 1993-2017. Para realizar el ejercicio de contabilidad de crecimiento se utiliza el enfoque de la funcion de produccion agregada. Se proveen estimaciones de la PTF observada y potencial para luego computar el PIB potencial y la brecha del producto. Se presenta un analisis de sensibilidad y robustez de los resultados y se computa la tasa de crecimiento economico sostenible en el largo plazo. Se concluye que uno de los desafios que afronta Argentina es profundizar el patron de crecimiento de tipo intensivo para asegurar tasas de crecimiento sostenibles en el largo plazo.
Reading Mental Health Nursing: Education, Research, Ethnicity, & Power

This book examines some of the ideology and professional issues surrounding the theory and practice of mental health nursing. The author supplies an analysis that goes beyond normal factual texts, drawing on a wide range of orthodox and unorthodox professional literature from several disciplines. Dr Clarke analyses five areas - race/ethnicity, education, ethics, research, and violence - in his distinctive style. The results are enlightening and practitioners of all levels are challenged to review how they think about mental health practice.
Excitotoxic ATP and Glutamate Signalling during Central Nervous System Ischaemia

ii Acknowledgements . iv List of figures . ix List of tables . xii List of abbreviations . xiii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 The burden of ischaemic brain injury . 2 Pathophysiology of cerebral ischaemia . 2 Immediate events . 2 Ischaemia damages neurons and glial cells . 4 The importance of glial cells . 5 Glutamate excitotoxicity during ischaemia . 6 A short historical perspective. 6 Glutamate receptors . 7 Overview of purinergic signalling . 9 ATP as a neurotransmitter . 9 Purinergic receptors . 10 Purinergic signalling in the CNS . 11 ATP-mediated excitotoxicity during CNS ischaemia? 12 Links between purinergic and glutamatergic signalling . 13 OBJECTIVES . 14 Chapter 2: Methods and Materials . 15 Cell culture methods . 16 Preparation of cell culture flasks and microscope cover slips . 16 Different buffers and growth media . 16 Dissections and tissue preparation . 17 Cortical neuron culture . 19 Cortical astrocyte culture . 19 Co-culture of astrocytes and neurons . 20 Important observations . 20 P2Y1 -/cell cultures . 21 Immunohistochemical characterization of the cell cultures . 22 Protocols . 23 Imaging . 24 Image analysis. 25 Results: cell culture characterisation . 26 Astrocyte culture IHC . 27 Neuronal culture IHC . 28 Co-culture IHC . 29 Solutions and pharmacological reagents used . 33 Fluorescence Microscopy of Cells . 36 Fura-2ff and Fura-2 . 36 Problems with Fura-2ff during long experiments at 37°C . 37 BCECF, Propidium Iodide and CMFDA for cell viability studies . 39 Mounting and loading of cells for fluorescence microscopy . 43 Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) experiments . 43 Short agonist application experiments . 43
On the Ergodic Capacity of mmWave Systems Under Finite-Dimensional Channels

Due to the underlying sparse structure of the mmWave channels, which indeed makes the exact closed-form capacity expressions inherently hard to derive, there has been less research on the ergodic capacity of mmWave systems. To overcome this problem, by means of the majorization theory, this paper analyzes the ergodic capacity of point-to-point mmWave communication systems under finite-dimensional channel model. In particular, we derive several closed-form ergodic capacity approximations, which exhibit excellent tightness in spite of whether the steering matrices are singular or not. Then, several Jensen’s approximations and bounds of the ergodic capacity are also derived. The results indicate that the ergodic capacity seems to increase logarithmically with the number of antennas, the transmit SNR per antenna, and the eigenvalues of the steering matrix products. Besides, the DFT matrices can effectively characterize the spatial directions of mmWave channels when the number of antennas grows large. After that, high-SNR ergodic capacity, high-SNR slope, and power offset are also analyzed. It indicates that for a finite-dimensional channel, the maximum multiplexing gain increases with the number of paths instead of the number of antennas in Rayleigh channels. Numerical simulations are performed to validate the results.
ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah provinsi dengan penduduk terpadat pertama di Indonesia terlepas dari masalah Ketimpangan Pendapatan. Masalah yang dihadapi diantaranya Pertumbuhan Ekonomi yang tidak merata di setiap Kabupaten/Kota dan Aglomerasi yang cenderung tinggi di setiap Kota/Kabupaten hal ini yang menjadi faktor terjadinya ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi dan aglomerasi terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Jawa Barat.Pengolahan data menggunakan OLS (Ordinary Least Square) dengan pengambilan model terbaik yaitu Fixed effect model dengan dibantu software eviews 9 dalam pengoperasiannya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah menunjukan variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan dengan nilai koefisiensi sebesar -0,01266 artinya setiap kenaikan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 1% akan menyebabkan penurunan ketimpangan pendapatan sebesar 0,12% dan variabel aglomerasi memiliki pengaruh positif dengan nilai koefisiensi sebesar 14,74358 artinya setiap kenaikan Aglomerasi sebesar 1% maka akan menyebabkan kenaikan ketimpangan pendapatan sebesar 14,74%.
Obstacles to women's access : issues and options for more effective interventions to improve women's health

Few studies have attempted to document differential patterns of health service use between women and men, and thus the evidence demonstrating the magnitude and dimensions of gender-specific barriers to access is limited. Moreover, most studies that describe these barriers focus on maternal health services rather than a comprehensive view of women's health care. Nevertheless, the evidence on gender-specific differences in welfare suggests a general pattern of obstacles facing women. Barriers to access reduce the effectiveness or increase the cost of interventions beyond what they would be in the absence of such barriers. They reduce the effectiveness of facility-based interventions by restricting the number of patients served. In some settings, this may render outreach services a more cost-effective alternative. Where barriers are severe, additional resources must be used to provide access for hard-to-reach women. Thus, access barriers also increase the cost of interventions. The obstacles limiting women's use of health services are of several types, some of which are general (i.e., they also affect men) and others of which are gender-related. Intrahousehold obstacles to health inputs may arise from patterns of allocation of resources for food, education, and the financial means to access medical care services that discriminate against women and girls. Studies suggest that many households are less willing to commit resources for the health care of female household members, with the result that the costs of using health services often present a greater barrier for females than for males. Lack of education is itself an impediment to health service use, and cultural norms also limit women's access to care in some societies. Finally, shortcomings in the efficiency, equity, and quality of health services are general problems that combine to limit utilization below what would be possible if resources were allocated and used more efficiently. This paper examines barriers to women's access to health services and suggests options for addressing them. These options consist of measures that can be taken within the health sector to minimize the consequences of these barriers and thus improve the realized cost-effectiveness of interventions to improve women's health.
Modeling and experimental characterization of large biaxial strains and induced anisotropy in pearlitic rail steel

Large shear strains accumulate in the near-surface region under the running band of railway rails. In this region, rolling contact fatigue cracks often initiate, causing major problems for the railway industry. However, characterization of the constitutive and fatigue behavior of the material in this region is difficult due to the high strain gradient. The solution proposed in this thesis is to produce highly deformed cylindrical test bars: An axial-torsion test rig is used to predeform the bars in torsion while subjected to axial compressive loading. The obtained material state is found to be similar to that of field samples of rails at a depth between 50 and 100 μm. Using this predeformation method, the evolution of the yielding behavior is evaluated. The predeformed test bars are re-turned and drilled out to form thin-walled test bars, which can be used to measure yield surfaces. It is found that the degree of anisotropy quickly evolves with increasing predeformation and then saturates. Furthermore, the quadratic Hill yield criterion describes the anisotropic yield surfaces well. To better optimize rail maintenance and material selection, there is an industrial need for a model capable of predicting rail deterioration. An important component of such a model is an accurate material model that captures the relevant physical phenomena. A hyperelasto-plastic framework for finite strain material models is adopted in this thesis. As a first study, the predeformation method was simulated using 2D axisymmetric elements. It is shown that very good results can be achieved by using material models with advanced kinematic hardening laws. Next, an improved simulation methodology for axial, torsional and pressure loading is developed, resulting in an efficient 1D formulation. This methodology includes material removal to simulate the re-machining of the test bars into tubular bars. Using this methodology, 3 different distortional hardening models are evaluated in terms of how well they fit and predict the experimental data. The two phenomenological models perform better than the crystal plasticity model. However, these models should be further developed to improve their predictive abilities.
Construction of Bivariate Distribution by Mixing Positively Dependent and Negatively Dependent Distributions

In this paper, a new method for constructing bivariate distributions with given marginals is proposed, based on a mixing two bivariate distributions. A new bivariate distribution family is introduced by adding an appropriate term with independence class of distribution. During this construction process, the model is not complicated. By choosing a base distribution from the same marginals we derive a new distribution around the independent class. We note that the new distribution has additional parameter which would provide additional flexibility in applications. The joint probability density, joint reliability and reversed hazard rate functions of the new bivariate distribution are obtained. Furthermore, it is established that construction of bivariate distributions by this method allows for some flexibility in the values of Spearman’s correlation coefficient.
An Efficient Crossing-Line Crowd Counting Algorithm with Two-Stage Detection

Crowd counting is a challenging task in crowded scenes due to heavy occlusions, appearance variations and perspective distortions. Current crowd counting methods typically operate on an image patch level with overlaps, then sum over the patches to get the final count. In this paper we describe a real-time pedestrian counting framework based on a two-stage human detection algorithm. Existing works with overhead cameras is mainly based on visual tracking, and their robustness is rather limited. On the other hand, some works, which focus on improving the performances, are too complicated to be realistic. By adopting a line sampling process, a temporal slice image can be obtained for pedestrian counting without the need for visual tracking. Only ten low level features are extracted from the input image to establish a feature vector. As a result, our algorithm is more efficient and accurate than existing methods. Pedestrians in the temporal slice image are then located by the two-stage detection algorithm, which is largely based on support vector machine and affinity propagation clustering. Moreover, a novel algorithm is proposed to determine the moving directions of pedestrians by comparing the centers of them in two temporal slice images. Extensive experiments reveal that our system achieves satisfaction performances in terms of both robustness and efficiency.
An Atlas of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Definitions Burden of COPD - Epidemiology, Economic, and Social burden Risk Factors - Environmental Exposures and Host Factors Pathophysiology Biochemistry/Immunology: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Proteases Pathophysiology: Chronic Bronchitis, Obstructive Bronchiolitis, Emphysema, Vascular Disease Asthma Compared to COPD Clinical Consultation: Symptoms and Signs Investigations Diagnosis, Classification, Clinical Progression of COPD Special Types of COPD, Differential Diagnosis, Severity of COPD Disease Progression, Respiratory Failure, Cor Pulmonale, Death Smoking Cessation and Reduction of Risk Factors Pharmacotherapy - Drug Therapy of COPD Management of Stable COPD Management of Exacerbations of COPD Pulmonary Rehabilitation Oxygen Therapy and Ventilatory Support Surgery Future Trends in Therapy
The Theory of Alternants in the Historical Order of Development up to 1860

So far as mathematical writers have as yet noted, a set of equations of the type had not made its appearance in mathematical work prior to the year 1846: and it is almost absolutely certain that before that year the determinant of such a set had never been considered. It is not at all unlikely, however, that the expression which is the case of the determinant for n equal to 3 had more than once turned up in other connections, and that its divisibility by a + b + c had been noted: but of this, too, there is no record.
Symplectic reflection algebras and Poisson geometry

The subject of this thesis is the Poisson geometry of varieties associated to the centres of symplectic reflection algebras in the PI case. In particular it focuses on describing the symplectic leaves of these varieties. Chapter 1 introduces the theory of symplectic reflection algebras. We introduce the classical objects of rings of invariants and skew group rings and describe deformations of these and present some of their basic properties following [26]. We highlight a dichotomy in the theory and focus our attention to the PI case. The framework for studying the representation theory is developed and the close connection with Poisson geometry is explained using results of [11]. Poisson algebras are introduced and the fundamental notion of stratifying Poisson varieties by symplectic leaves is explained. Although symplectic leaves are a well-known concept in the field of Poisson manifolds (see [55] and [79]) we examine them in the context of Poisson algebraic geometry as described in [11]. At the heart of Chapter 2 is the example of representations of deformed preprojective algebras and we view different aspects of the geometry of these varieties. The necessary invariant theory is introduced, which involves discussing the categorical quotient and its properties as in [68] or [48]. Crucial to us will be the stratification by orbit type. Moment maps and Marsden-Weinstein reductions for symplectic varieties are introduced following the approach of [15]. Combinatorial aspects of quivers are examined, in particular this includes the description by root vectors of orbit type strata for representations of preprojective algebras, as given in [16] and [17]. Finally hyper- Kahler manifolds make an appearance and provide a means for establishing the existence of the local normal form of the moment map, as was proved in [63]. The local normal form plays a crucial role in our main theorem concerning symplectic leaves, Theorem 4.2. Chapter 3 combines filtered and gi'aded techniques with the properties of symplectic leaves to establish that the associated variety of a Poisson prime ideal of the centre of a syraplectic reflection algebra is irreducible. The arguments used are ba.