Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
froa Gra 4 uation Targets to Req 5 Ored Enrollments Using the Generalized Inverse of the Transformation Matrix

The general solution to the problem of calculating . school enrollments at time (t-1) necessary to meet predetermined graduation or manpower targets at time -(t) is derived and examined. The solution, which is obtained by minimizing the squared discrepancy between the given graduations and those predicted by the enrollments, , requires the unique generalized inverse of the transforthation matrix that maps enrollients into graduations. Information on the rank and order of this matrix is used to evaluate the indeterminancy and approximateness bf the solution. (Author) . DOCUMEN SOME EA 007 724 Bezeau,,Lawrence M. Backcasting.froa Gra4uation Targets to Req5Ored Enrollments Using the Generalized Inverse of the Transformation Matrix. Program in. International Education Finance. California Univ., Berkeley. School of Education. Agency for-International Development (Dept. of State) , Washington, D.C. 28 Apr 75 23p. MF-$0.76 HC-$1.58 Plus Postage , Educational Planning; *Enrollment Projections; *Graduates; Manpower Needs; *Mathematical Models; *Prediction ******************************************** ****v******************* * Documents a'bquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of.the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * w: via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the q a ity of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied hy EDRS are t best thatcan be made from the original. ************************ **************? o******************************* U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATIONSWELIF ARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS SEEN REPRO. DIED' EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM TH PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT. OFFICIAL NVIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY NEW fivfifF55 28 April 1975
Unsteady flow structure and loading of a pitching low-aspect-ratio wing

This study addresses the flow structure and unsteady loading arising over a pitching low-aspectratio rectangular wing under low-Reynolds-number conditions of interest in small unmanned aerial vehicle operation and gust interactions. Simulations are performed employing a high-fidelity computational approach capable of accurately capturing the complex unsteady transitional flows. The wing is pitched about its quarter-chord axis to a maximum incidence of 45◦ over time intervals ranging from four to sixteen convective time scales. The Reynolds number based on the wing chord varied from 10 to 4 × 10. For the highest pitch rate, good agreement between the computed three-dimensional flow structure and recent experimental measurements is demonstrated. The 3D dynamic stall process is characterized by the formation of an initially spanwise-oriented leading-edge vortex which evolves into an arch-type structure with legs anchored to the wing surface. The normal vorticity in the arch vortex legs establishes a low-pressure region and swirling pattern on the wing surface. A distinct characteristic of the arch vortex is its upstream propagation and persistence over the wing, postulated to be the result of the self-induced velocity of the vortex and its image underneath the plate. Increasing either pitch rate or Reynolds number promote a more coherent arch vortex and circulation pattern, and delay the onset of stall to a higher angle of attack. Even for the lowest pitch rate considered, a significant increase in maximum lift is achieved relative to the static situation. ∗ miguel.visbal@us.af. mil
Pricing and Modeling of Bonds and Interest Rate Derivatives

Let P (t, T ) denote the price of a zero-coupon bond at initial time t with maturity T , given the stochastic interest rate (rt)t∈R+ and a Brownian filtration {Ft : t ≥ 0}. Then, P (t, T ) = E [ e− ∫ T t r(s)ds | Ft ] under some martingale (risk-neutral) measure Q. Assume the underlying interest rate process is solution to the stochastic differential equation (SDE) dr(t) = μ(t, r(t))dt+ σ(t, rt)dW (t) where (Wt)t∈R is the standard Brownian motion under Q, with μ(t, rt) and σ(t, rt) of the form, { μ(t, rt) = a− br σ(t, rt) = √ σ2 where r(0), a, b and σ are positive constants. Then, the bond pricing PDE for P (t, T ) = F (t, rt) written as μ(t, rt) ∂ ∂x F (t, rt) + ∂ ∂t F (t, rt) + 1 2 σ ∂2 ∂x2 F (t, rt)− r(t)F (t, rt) = 0 subject to the terminal condition F (t, rt) = 1 which yield the Riccati equations,  dA(s) ds = aB(s) + σ2 2 B(s) dB(s) ds = −bB(s)− 1 with solution of the PDE in analytical form as the Price for zero-coupon bond is given by, P (t, T ) = exp [A(T − t) +B(T − t)rt] where, A(T−t) = ( σ2 − ab b3 ) e−b(T−t)+ ( − σ 2 4b3 ) e−2b(T−t)+ ( σ2 − 2ab 2b2 ) (T−t)+4ab− 3σ 2 4b3 B(T − t) = 1b ( e−b(T−t) − 1 )
Gene expression LRpath : a logistic regression approach for identifying enriched biological groups in gene expression data

Motivation: The elucidation of biological pathways enriched with differentially expressed genes has become an integral part of the analysis and interpretation of microarray data. Several statistical methods are commonly used in this context, but the question of the optimal approach has still not been resolved. Results: We present a logistic regression-based method (LRpath) for identifying predefined sets of biologically related genes enriched with (or depleted of) differentially expressed transcripts in microarray experiments. We functionally relate the odds of gene set membership with the significance of differential expression, and calculate adjusted P-values as a measure of statistical significance. The new approach is compared with Fisher’s exact test and other relevant methods in a simulation study and in the analysis of two breast cancer datasets. Overall results were concordant between the simulation study and the experimental data analysis, and provide useful information to investigators seeking to choose the appropriate method. LRpath displayed robust behavior and improved statistical power compared with tested alternatives. It is applicable in experiments involving two or more sample types, and accepts significance statistics of the investigator’s choice as input. Availability: An R function implementing LRpath can be downloaded from http://eh3.uc.edu/lrpath. Contact: mario.medvedovic@uc.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online and at http://eh3.uc.edu/lrpath.
Pre-editing by Forum Users: a Case Study

Previous studies have shown that pre-editing techniques can handle the extreme variability and uneven quality of user-generated content (UGC), improve its machine-translatability and reduce post-editing time. Nevertheless, it seems important to find out whether real users of online communities, which is the real life scenario targeted by the ACCEPT project, are linguistically competent and willing to pre-edit their texts according to specific pre-editing rules. We report the findings from a user study with real French-speaking forum users who were asked to apply pre-editing rules to forum posts using a specific forum plugin. We analyse the interaction of users with pre-editing rules and evaluate the impact of the users' pre-edited versions on translation, as the ultimate goal of the ACCEPT project is to facilitate sharing of knowledge between different language communities.
Boosted Kernel Ridge Regression: Optimal Learning Rates and Early Stopping

In this paper, we introduce a learning algorithm, boosted kernel ridge regression (BKRR), that combines L 2 -Boosting with the kernel ridge regression (KRR). We analyze the learning performance of this algorithm in the framework of learning theory. We show that BKRR provides a new bias-variance trade-oﬀ via tuning the number of boosting iterations, which is diﬀerent from KRR via adjusting the regularization parameter. A (semi-)exponential bias-variance trade-oﬀ is derived for BKRR, exhibiting a stable relationship between the generalization error and the number of iterations. Furthermore, an adaptive stopping rule is proposed, with which BKRR achieves the optimal learning rate without saturation.
Atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with 1996/1997 summer precipitation events on Sajama Ice Cap, Bolivia

The analysis of atmospheric circulation anomalies related to snowfall events on Sajama volcano (Bolivian Andes) provides important information for the calibration of an ice core, recently recovered from the summit. Seventeen precipitation episodes were recorded on Sajama volcano during the 1996/1997 summer season (November 1996 to March 1997) by snow depth sensors and additional measurements of an automatic weather station located on the summit. The analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns during these events is based on zonal and meridional wind, air temperature, relative humidity, geopotential height and horizontal divergence at three pressure levels (400, 500, and 700 hPa levels), atmospheric thickness (700 hPa-400 hPa), and precipitable water (vertically integrated), all extracted from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) data set. Highly convective situations prevailed through most of December and January, with strong vertical motion over the Bolivian Altiplano. In February and March, increased moisture advection from the east occurred in midtropospheric levels. These results are confirmed by isobaric 5-day back trajectories and transit time analysis at the 400 hPa level. The extremely southern position of the upper air high-pressure system (“Bolivian High”) in February and March is the main reason for the unusually high precipitation amounts on the Altiplano in 1996/1997. Highly variable patterns of atmospheric circulation can lead to snowfall on Sajama during the summer months.
Green Product Development with Consumer Heterogeneity under Horizontal Competition

In this paper, we explore the pricing and greenness issues of two competitive firms without and with consumer heterogeneity. We derive and compare the optimal solutions and profits employed by firms under different scenarios. Then, we identify the effects of consumer heterogeneity under different competition intensities. The analytical results reveal that if market competition is at a relatively low level, we find that: (i) when the greenness sensitivity of consumers with no preference is sufficiently small, more consumers have high environmental awareness, and companies easily achieve their environmental goals as well as economic goals; (ii) when the greenness sensitivity of consumers with no preference is at a medium level, as the fraction of consumers with high environmental awareness increases, and the firm might achieve economic goals at the cost of reducing environmental goals; and (iii) when the greenness sensitivity of consumers with no preference is at a high level, the fraction of consumers with high environmental awareness increases, but firms might have more difficulty achieving their environmental and economic goals. On the other hand, if the market competition is at a relatively high level, the presence of consumer heterogeneity can help improve environmental goals, but make achievement of economic goals difficult.
The impact of mindfulness on psychosomatic complaints among firefighters: The mediator role of vicarious traumatization

Firefighters are at risk to develop post-traumatic and psychosomatic symptoms. But in order to face negative health effects they have psychological resources at their disposal, such as mindfulness. This study aims to test the a model by which intrusion predicts general dysphoria in response to mindfulness. Self-report measures were administered to Italian firefighters. Structural equation modelling shown that mindfulness did not directly influence general dysphoria: mediation analyses revealed its meaningful indirect effect via intrusion. The results suggest that mindfulness can lead to reduced symptoms of general dysphoria through low levels of intrusive thoughts.
Papel de los polimorfismos -238 y -308 del promotor del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa en la patogenia y respuesta al tratamiento anti- factor de necrosis tumoral alfa en artritis reumatoide

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects 0.8% of the world population, it affects the synovial membrane of joints and the clinical presentation encompasses a wide spectrum, ranging from a mild to a severe and erosive disease that causes joint and cartilage destruction which finally provokes irreversible structural damage and patient disability. In the last years, there have been important advances in the pathogenesis of this disease, the efforts have been concentrated on pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa). This protein guides numerous events in the synovial and systemic inflammatory process and is encoded in the Major Histocompability Complex (MHC), one of the most polymorphic of the genome. Polymorphisms affecting the TNFa gene and its regulatory regions are associated with RA prevalence and course. There is a possible association between these polymorphisms and the clinical response to the use of monoclonal antibodies anti-TNFa. The possibility that the determination of genotypes -238 and -308 may have prognostic and therapeutic consequences is debated nowadays (Rev Med Chile 2005; 133: 1089-95).
Doença celíaca em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down

OBJETIVOS: Alta prevalencia de doenca celiaca em pacientes com sindrome de Down tem sido descrita em varios paises. No entanto, no Brasil ainda nao ha relatos mostrando essa associacao. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalencia de doenca celiaca em criancas e adolescentes com sindrome de Down no sul do Brasil. METODOS: Setenta e um pacientes (32 do sexo feminino e 39 masculino, 2-18 anos) provenientes de Curitiba, Brasil, foram estudados. Oitenta individuos (42 do sexo masculino e 38 feminino, 2-19 anos) foram utilizados como controles do estudo. Todas as amostras foram investigadas para anticorpo anti-endomisio (EmA) e anti-transglutaminase tecidual (anti-tTG). O EmA foi pesquisado atraves de imunofluorescencia indireta usando cordao umbilical como substrato e o anti-tTG atraves da tecnica de ELISA, utilizando transglutaminase tecidual como antigeno. As dosagens de IgA foram realizadas por turbidimetria. RESULTADOS: Cinco pacientes com sindrome de Down (7%) foram positivos para EmA-IgA, com titulos entre 1/5 e 1/80 e catorze (17,5%) para anti-tTG (21-340 unidades). Todos os pacientes positivos para EmA apresentaram simultaneamente positividade para o anti-tTG. Os achados clinicos e histologicos na mucosa intestinal confirmaram doenca celiaca em quatro pacientes. O outro paciente EmA positivo nao foi submetido a biopsia duodenal. Os pacientes positivos apenas para anti-tTG apresentaram valores limitrofes (< 25 unidades) e eram assintomaticos. Nenhum individuo do grupo controle foi positivo para EmA ou anti-tTG. Nenhuma amostra do estudo foi deficiente para IgA. CONCLUSOES: Os dados do presente estudo mostram alta prevalencia (5,6%) de doenca celiaca confirmada em criancas e adolescentes com sindrome de Down da regiao sul do Brasil.
Nonequilibrium Fixed Points of Coupled Ising Models

Driven-dissipative systems are expected to give rise to nonequilibrium phenomena that are absent in their equilibrium counterparts. However, phase transitions in these systems generically exhibit an effectively classical equilibrium behavior in spite of their nonequilibrium origin. In this paper, we show that multicritical points in such systems lead to a rich and genuinely nonequilibrium behavior. Specifically, we investigate a driven-dissipative model of interacting bosons that possesses two distinct phase transitions: one from a high- to a low-density phase—reminiscent of a liquid-gas transition—and another to an antiferromagnetic phase. Each phase transition is described by the Ising universality class characterized by an (emergent or microscopic) ℤ2 symmetry. However, they coalesce at a multicritical point, giving rise to a nonequilibrium model of coupled Ising-like order parameters described by a ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry. Using a dynamical renormalization-group approach, we show that a pair of nonequilibrium fixed points (NEFPs) emerge that govern the long-distance critical behavior of the system. We elucidate various exotic features of these NEFPs. In particular, we show that a generic continuous scale invariance at criticality is reduced to a discrete scale invariance. This further results in complex-valued critical exponents and spiraling phase boundaries, and it is also accompanied by a complex Liouvillian gap even close to the phase transition. As direct evidence of the nonequilibrium nature of the NEFPs, we show that the fluctuation-dissipation relation is violated at all scales, leading to an effective temperature that becomes “hotter” and “hotter” at longer and longer wavelengths. Finally, we argue that this nonequilibrium behavior can be observed in cavity arrays with cross-Kerr nonlinearities.
Genetic algorithms and the Traveling Salesman Problem

My thesis is about the nature of evolutionary algorithms and how they can be applied to a well-known optimization problem. A brief introduction about the elements of evolutionary algorithm is given. I further investigated the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), a popular problem in combinatorial optimization. Some of the widely used methods for solving TSP including tour construction and tour improvement heuristics are presented. I also discuss one possible generalization of the original problem (GTSP) and the solutions proposed. In the second part of the thesis I present how the TSP and GTSP can be solved using genetic algorithms. In the final part, genetic algorithmic solution is compared to a traditional tour construction heuristic on several instances. Limitations and possible future improvements are discussed.
Genetic Characterization of Porcine Parvovirus 7 (PPV7) Isolates in Fujian, China

In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete genomes of the porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) isolated in Fujian, Southeast China. Genomic comparison revealed that PPV7 isolates in Fujian shared higher (more than 98.5%) nucleotide homology and closer relationship with other PPV7 strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on NS indicated that PPV7 formed a distinct cluster (proposed Chapparvovirus) closer to subfamily Parvovirinae. However, phylogenetic analysis based on genome and VP showed that PPV7 isolates formed a distinct cluster closer to subfamily Densovirinae. No recombination event observed suggesting recombination did not contribution to the genetic diversity of PPV7. These findings demonstrated that PPV7 continuous circulating in China, which may help us to understand the evolution diversity of porcine parvoviruses.
of Women ’ s Health Uterine prolapse prevention in Eastern Nepal : the perspectives of women and health care professionals

Correspondence: Christina Mathilde Radl Skovkanten 2b, 2th, DK – 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark Tel +45 3170 8309 Email radl.christina@gmail.com Abstract: Uterine prolapse is a major reproductive health issue in Nepal. There is a wide range of literature available on the causes and risk factors of uterine prolapse and on the ways to prevent and treat it. There is still a lack of published evidence on what prevention and treatment services are working well or the attitudes toward them. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative study on primary and secondary prevention of uterine prolapse in Eastern Nepal. Method: The study involved eight focus group discussions with 71 women in six villages of the eastern districts of Siraha and Saptari and 14 qualitative interviews with health professionals from the local to central level. The group discussions and interviews covered the awareness levels of uterine prolapse and its prevention and treatment, as well as participants’ opinions on and experiences with the services offered. Results: It was found that patriarchy, gender discrimination, and cultural traditions such as early marriage and pregnancy make it difficult for people to discontinue uterine prolapse risk behaviors. Women are aware of risk factors, prevention, and treatment, but are powerless to change their situations. Health professionals and women are fond of surgery as treatment, but opinions on the use of ring pessaries and pelvic floor muscle training are split. Conclusion: The main recommendation that can be drawn from this study is that research on the effectiveness of early treatments, such as ring pessaries and exercise, should be conducted. Furthermore, the involvement of other target groups (husbands, adolescents, and mothers-in-law) needs to be increased in order to make it easier for women to adapt low-risk behaviors. Finally, uterine prolapse prevention should be better integrated in national reproductive health services. Enforcing transparency, monitoring systems, and collaborations are important factors that should be considered as well.
Infilling Missing Data in Hydrology: Solutions Using Satellite Radar Altimetry and Multiple Imputation for Data-Sparse Regions

In developing regions missing data are prevalent in historical hydrological datasets, owing to financial, institutional, operational and technical challenges. If not tackled, these data shortfalls result in uncertainty in flood frequency estimates and consequently flawed catchment management interventions that could exacerbate the impacts of floods. This study presents a comparative analysis of two approaches for infilling missing data in historical annual peak river discharge timeseries required for flood frequency estimation: (i) satellite radar altimetry (RA) and (ii) multiple imputation (MI). These techniques were applied at five gauging stations along the floodprone Niger and Benue rivers within the Niger River Basin. RA and MI enabled the infilling of missing data for conditions where altimetry virtual stations were available and unavailable, respectively. The impact of these approaches on derived flood estimates was assessed, and the return period of a previously unquantified devastating flood event in Nigeria in 2012 was ascertained. This study revealed that the use of RA resulted in reduced uncertainty when compared to MI for data infilling, especially for widely gapped timeseries (>3 years). The two techniques did not differ significantly for data sets with gaps of 1–3 years, hence, both RA and MI can be used interchangeably in such situations. The use of the original in situ data with gaps resulted in higher flood estimates when compared to datasets infilled using RA and MI, and this can be attributed to extrapolation uncertainty. The 2012 flood in Nigeria was quantified as a 1-in-100-year event at the Umaisha gauging station on the Benue River and a 1-in-50-year event at Baro on the Niger River. This suggests that the higher levels of flooding likely emanated from the Kiri and Lagdo dams in Nigeria and Cameroon, respectively, as previously speculated by the media and recent studies. This study demonstrates the potential of RA and MI for providing information to support flood management in developing regions where in situ data is sparse.