Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum‐stimulated, rapamycin‐sensitive phosphorylation sites in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4GI

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) proteins play a critical role in the recruitment of the translational machinery to mRNA. The eIF4Gs are phosphoproteins. However, the location of the phosphorylation sites, how phosphorylation of these proteins is modulated and the identity of the intracellular signaling pathways regulating eIF4G phosphorylation have not been established. In this report, two‐dimensional phosphopeptide mapping demonstrates that the phosphorylation state of specific eIF4GI residues is altered by serum and mitogens. Phosphopeptides resolved by this method were mapped to the C‐terminal one‐third of the protein. Mass spectrometry and mutational analyses identified the serum‐stimulated phosphorylation sites in this region as serines 1108, 1148 and 1192. Phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitors and rapamycin, an inhibitor of the kinase FRAP/mTOR (FKBP12–rapamycin‐associated protein/mammalian target of rapamycin), prevent the serum‐induced phosphorylation of these residues. Finally, the phosphorylation state of N‐terminally truncated eIF4GI proteins acquires resistance to kinase inhibitor treatment. These data suggest that the kinases phosphorylating serines 1108, 1148 and 1192 are not directly downstream of PI3K and FRAP/mTOR, but that the accessibility of the C‐terminus to kinases is modulated by this pathway(s).
The influence of mechanical resonance on the dynamic performance of a tubular linear actuator with Halbach array

This paper deals with the influence of mechanical resonance on the dynamic performance of a tubular linear actuator with Halbach array. Control parameters are obtained from both measurements and analytical solutions. And then, the voltage and the motion equation of the tubular linear actuator are established. In particular, by expressing mechanical components as the motional impedance, this paper investigates the variation of power dissipated in the linear actuator with spring vs. frequency. Finally, the simulations and experiments for dynamic characteristics of the moving-magnet linear actuator with spring are presented for various values of frequency.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Sulindac, Atorvastatin, and Prebiotic Dietary Fiber for Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention

Sulindac, atorvastatin, or prebiotic dietary fiber may reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, clinical trial data are currently limited. We conducted a randomized, phase II chemoprevention trial involving subjects 40 years or older, with previously resected colon cancer or multiple/advanced colorectal adenomas. Magnification chromoendoscopy (MCE) was performed to identify and characterize rectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF); eligibility criteria required five or more rectal ACFs at baseline. Intervention assignments were as follows: (a) atorvastatin 20 mg qd; (b) sulindac 150 mg bid; (c) oligofructose-enriched inulin (as ORAFTI®Synergy1) 6 gm bid; or (d) control (maltodextrin) 6 gm bid, for 6 months. Percent change in rectal ACF number (%ΔACF) within arm was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints included changes in proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (caspase-3), as measured from normal mucosa biopsy samples. Among 85 eligible randomized subjects, 76 (86%) completed the trial per protocol. The median (range) of rectal ACF was 9 (5–34) and 8 (0–37) at baseline and postintervention, respectively. The median (SD) for %ΔACF was 5.6 (−69% to 143%), −18.6 (−83% to 160%), −3.6 (−88% to 83%), and −10.0 (−100% to 117%) in the atorvastatin, sulindac, ORAFTI®Synergy1 and control arms, respectively. Neither within-arm (P = 0.12–0.59) nor between-arm (P = 0.30–0.92) comparisons of %ΔACF were statistically significant. The active and control interventions also seemed to have similar effects on mucosal proliferation and apoptosis (P > 0.05 for each comparison). Data from this multicenter, phase II trial do not provide convincing evidence of CRC risk reduction from 6-month interventions with atorvastatin, sulindac, or ORAFTI®Synergy1, although statistical power was limited by the relatively small sample size. Cancer Prev Res; 4(2); 259–69. ©2011 AACR.
Planning Theory for the naive

Globalisation implies the establishment of a neo-liberal society to match the neoliberal economy. In this context planning theory seems to be reduced to pure ideology. The question thus follows, is planning theory then essentially useless for all theoretical or practical purposes? Moreover, can planning theory solve the moral dilemmas faced by planning professionals? And what does the communicative turn in planning theory stand for? Who need it: only the naive? These are just some of the questions raised in the following introductory discussion on planning theory.
Protein O-mannosyltransferases participate in ER protein quality control

In eukaryotic cells, proteins enter the secretory pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as linear polypeptides and fold after translocation across or insertion into the membrane. If correct folding fails, many proteins are O-mannosylated inside the ER by an O-mannosyltransferase, the Pmt1p–Pmt2p complex. The consequences of this modification are controversial and the cellular role of the Pmt1p–Pmt2p complex in this respect is unclear. Here, we have identified the binding partners of yeast Pmt1p and Pmt2p. These include ER chaperones involved in oxidative protein folding; the Hrd1p complex, which is involved in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD); and the p24 protein complex involved in ER export. The results suggest that the Pmt1p–Pmt2p complex participates in these processes. We tested this assumption in a functional assay and found that whereas the Pmt1p–Pmt2p complex promotes fast ER export of the GPI-anchored protein Gas1p, it retains the misfolded version Gas1*p and targets it to the Hrd1p complex for subsequent degradation. Our results reveal previously unknown cellular roles of the Pmt1p–Pmt2p complex in connection with the ERAD machinery and show its participation in ER protein quality control.
An Unintended Consequence of Using "Errors in Variables Shocks" in DSGE Models?

This note shows that the common practice of adding on measurement errors or "errors in variables" when estimating DSGE models can imply that there is a lack of co-integration between model and data variables and also between data variables themselves. An analysis is provided of what the nature of the measurement error would be if it was desired to ensure co-integration. It is very unlikely that it would be the white noise shocks that are commonly used.
Digital Competencies and Career Orientation in the 21st Century: Hungarian Labor Market Approach

With the support of the’’Kozosen a Jovo Munkahelyeiert Alapitvany’’ (=Together for Future Workplaces Fund) our 2016 research aims the pursuit of finding answers for the relation of labor market and digitalization, the labor market role onto the new generation and the factors regarding professional career. The labor market goes through a radical change among others due to the unstoppable technical development. Digitalization expanded the over-segmented labor market and its competency needs even more. It also has an impact on the more strongly occurring generation problems. From our point of view the gap has never been so deep among those active generations who are working at the same place. The cause behind the change is simple: The industrial society had been gradually replaced by the information society, which has been followed by the knowledge-based society, that entirely alters interpersonal communication. Internet facilitates the acquirement of information, however, it changes the nature of relationships and induces never seen generational problems. Our research topic is to analyze digital competency and labor market relationship from the aspect of lifelong learning career orientation.The current study displays certain crucial details of the previous assessment.
Enhancing the Performance of Amplify-and-Forward Cognitive Relay Networks: A Multiple-Relay Scenario

In this paper, we address the problem of maximizing the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a relay-assisted secondary network. In particular, a pair of cognitive radio nodes communicate through a cluster of K non-orthogonal amplify-and-forward relays sharing the spectrum of a primary network in an underlay fashion. The interference at the primary receiver due to cognitive nodes transmissions must be below a tolerable level leaving the primary activity unaffected. We formulate an optimization problem to choose the transmission power of the secondary transmitter and the relays while adhering to the interference constraint on the primary network and imposing a maximum limitation upon the power consumption at every secondary node. While the optimization problem is nonconvex, we propose a simple iterative algorithm to achieve the solution. We present the performance of the proposed power allocation for different system parameters. Simulation results reveal a significant improvement of the achievable throughput of the proposed power allocation over equal power allocation.
Insulin-Stimulated Myocardial Glucose Uptake and the Relation to Perfusion and the Nitric Oxide System

In skeletal muscle, insulin increases glucose uptake through endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO)-dependent vasodilation. Insulin also enhances myocardial glucose uptake, but it is unknown whether vasodilation participates in the underlying mechanism. We studied whether insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake (MGU) is associated with perfusion changes and whether MGU is EDNO dependent. Myocardial perfusion (MBF) and MGU were measured three times with positron emission tomography in 8 healthy volunteers (56 ± 6 years): (1) During a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (clamp), (2) during clamp and blockage of the nitric oxide synthesis by L-NMMA and (3) during clamp and nitric oxide stimulation with nitroglycerin. We measured MBF at rest before and during clamp utilizing 13N-ammonia and 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose as perfusion and glucose tracers, respectively. Hemodynamics were affected neither by insulin nor by L-NMMA. Nitroglycerin reduced rate-pressure product. Insulin did not affect MBF. L-NMMA reduced MBF (0.60 ± 0.15 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14 ml/g/min; p < 0.05), while MGU was unchanged. Nitroglycerin did not alter MBF, while MGU was reduced (0.44 ± 0.11 vs. 0.52 ± 0.13 µmol/g/min; p = 0.05). Insulin-stimulated MGU does not rely on a simultaneous increment of MBF. Myocardial glucose uptake can be stimulated even when MBF decreases, suggesting that autoregulation of MGU is preserved despite uncoupling of vascular autoregulation.
Normal Values of Overnight Albumin Excretion Rate in a Sample of Healthy Italian Children and Adolescents

The aim of this study was to define normal values of albumin excretion rate (AER) in young people. We measured overnight timed AER (tAER, microgram/min) by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 281 healthy Italian children and adolescents (160 M and 121 F), aged 7-19 years. The frequency distribution of tAER deviated from normality, therefore percentiles were used: median and 95th percentile were 2.3 and 6.9 micrograms/min respectively. Log transformed tAER was not related to age or pubertal stage. "Borderline" AER refers to AER higher than normal 95th percentile in non-diabetic subjects but lower than microalbuminuria threshold level. Incipient nephropathy, expressed as "borderline" AER, has been reported in adult IDDM patients, and can be reversed by improving metabolic control. Because incipient diabetic nephropathy may be present in young IDDM patients without microalbuminuria, screening for AER should be recommended for pediatric diabetic patients, also before puberty, in order to detect early renal damage and the "borderline" AER state.
Dexmedetomidine intravenous sedation using a patient-controlled sedation infusion pump: a case report

Dental treatment under sedation requires various sedation depths depending on the invasiveness of the procedure and patient drug sensitivity. Inappropriate sedation depth may cause patient discomfort or endangerment. For these reasons, patient-controlled sedation (PCS) pumps are commonly used. Patients are able to control the sedation depths themselves by pushing the demand button after the practitioner sets up the bolus dose and lock-out time. Dexmedetomidine is an α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties. It has been widely used for sedation for its minimal respiratory depression; however, there are few studies on PCS using dexmedetomidine. This study assessed the applicability of dexmedetomidine to PCS.
Aneuploidy in human sperm: a review of the frequency and distribution of aneuploidy, effects of donor age and lifestyle factors

Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis has opened the way for comprehensive studies on numerical chromosome abnormalities in human sperm. During the last decade, more than five million sperm from approximately 500 normal men were analyzed by a number of laboratories from around the world by this approach. Except for chromosome 19 which has been analyzed in only one study, all other chromosomes have been examined by two or more studies with considerable differences in disomy frequency for an individual chromosome among studies. The mean disomy frequency is 0.15% for each of the autosomes and 0.26% for the sex chromosomes. Most chromosomes analyzed have an equal distribution of disomy with the exception of chromosomes 14, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, which display significantly higher disomy frequencies. Slight but significant increases in disomy frequency with advancing paternal age were observed for some chromosomes, in particular for the sex chromosomes. Some lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking and caffeine consumption have been investigated and no consistent association between disomy frequency and any type of lifestyle factors has been established. The question of whether different geographic and ethnic groups of men have inherent differences in frequency of disomic sperm has been investigated by two studies with conflicting results.
Online violence: Not beautiful enough ... not thin enough. Anorectic testimonials in the web

Pro-anorexia is a social and harmful movement on the Web. These Websites are popular among youth who wish to be thinner, because they represent neutral and free judgemental spaces, where one can find support, express their feelings and thoughts around the disturbing anorexic lifestyle. Considering this, during the literature review concerning risky and easily available contents on the Internet, the need arose for an in depth study of proanorexia websites, once they appeal to extremely dangerous behaviours and beauty standards that can endanger children’s 1 well-being. This qualitative exploratory content analysis examined Portuguese speaking blogs written by adolescents (boys and girls) between 13 and 19 years old, who use the Web in order to meet like-minded peers, with whom they share diets, tips, tricks, thinspiration material, and dangerous and harmful information about fasting, drugs, self-harm or suicide. The proanorexia Weblogs work as a stimulus for starvation and weight loss among youth who share pro-anorexic goals. Although data cannot be generalized, evidence suggests that these blogs can have undesired and negative effects in young children because they contribute to: i) the increasing of risky contents on the Web; ii) the encouragement of disruptive eating behaviours; iii) the maintenance of a already existing eating disordered behaviour; iv) children’s alienation from offline social ties; v) the growth of these communities among young children. With this article we aim to raise awareness about this problem and its impact among children. Nevertheless, further research is needed and should extend to more Portuguese children and male bloggers.
Enhanced Akt Signaling Is an Early Pro-survival Response That Reflects N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Activation in Huntington's Disease Knock-in Striatal Cells*

Huntington's disease features the loss of striatal neurons that stems from a disease process that is initiated by mutant huntingtin. Early events in the disease cascade, which predate overt pathology in Hdh CAG knock-in mouse striatum, implicate enhanced N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation, with excitotoxity caused by aberrant Ca2+ influx. Here we demonstrate in precise genetic Huntington's disease mouse and striatal cell models that these early phenotypes are associated with activation of the Akt pro-survival signaling pathway. Elevated levels of activated Ser(P)473-Akt are detected in extracts of HdhQ111/Q111 striatum and cultured mutant STHdhQ111/Q111 striatal cells, compared with their wild type counterparts. Akt activation in mutant striatal cells is associated with increased Akt signaling via phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9. Consequent decreased turnover of transcription co-factor β-catenin leads to increased levels of β-catenin target gene cyclin D1. Akt activation is phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase dependent, as demonstrated by increased levels of Ser(P)241-PDK1 kinase and decreased Ser(P)380-PTEN phosphatase. Moreover, Akt activation can be normally stimulated by treatment with insulin growth factor-1 and blocked by treatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002. However, in contrast to wild type cells, Akt activation in mutant striatal cells can be blocked by the addition of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. Akt activation in mutant striatal cells is Ca2+-dependent, because treatment with EGTA reduces levels of Ser(P)473-Akt. Thus, consistent with excitotoxicity early in the disease process, activation of the Akt pro-survival pathway in mutant knock-in striatal cells predates overt pathology and reflects mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced NMDA receptor signaling.
Behavior of Minor Loop and Iron Loss Under Constant Voltage Type PWM Inverter Excitation

The pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter is widely used for the control of motors. We showed that the iron loss under PWM inverter excitation is affected by the impedance of the excitation circuit. The dc voltage of PWM inverter, which is widely used, is constant and the control of motor is carried out by changing the modulation index. Therefore, the evaluation of iron loss under PWM excitation with constant dc voltage is necessary in order to investigate the behavior of iron loss in an actual motor. In this paper, we measured iron losses of non-oriented electrical steel sheets under the shingle-phase full-bridge PWM inverter excitation and examined the influence of modulation index m, carrier frequency fc and dc voltage Vdc on the iron losses. It is shown that the iron loss under PWM inverter excitation can be reduced when dc voltage Vdc is reduced and modulation index m is increased.
Mucinous expression in benign and neoplastic glandular lesions of the uterine cervix.

CONTEXT Mucins are glycoproteins produced by both normal and neoplastic glandular epithelial cells including endocervix. OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of mucins in uterine cervical glandular lesions and whether mucin expression correlates with the nature and origin of the glandular lesions. DESIGN Antibodies to MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5AC were applied on 52 cases including 14 endocervical adenocarcinomas (including 4 adenosquamous carcinomas), 9 endometrial carcinomas (8 endometrioid adenocarcinomas and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma), 8 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), 2 glandular dysplasias, 6 tubal metaplasias, 10 microglandular hyperplasias, and 3 normal endocervix. The presence of any staining was considered positive. RESULTS All benign endocervical epithelia, including tubal metaplasia and microglandular hyperplasia, expressed MUC1, MUC4, and MUC5AC but not MUC2. Almost all endocervical AIS and carcinomas and all endometrial adenocarcinomas expressed MUC1; the exceptions were 2 cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma and 1 case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the endocervix. MUC2 staining was noted in 25%, 40%, and 22% of AIS, endocervical adenocarcinomas, and endometrial adenocarcinomas, respectively. About 38% of AIS, 75% of endocervical adenocarcinomas, and 44% of endometrial adenocarcinomas expressed MUC4. Half of AIS, most of endocervical adenocarcinomas, and 22% of endometrial adenocarcinomas expressed MUC5AC. The difference in MUC4 and MUC5AC expression between benign endocervical lesions and AIS and the difference in MUC5AC expression between endocervical and endometrial neoplasms were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Mucin expressions differed among benign endocervical lesions and AIS and among endocervical and endometrial malignancies. These results suggest that mucin staining may potentially be helpful in differentiating various uterine cervical glandular lesions.
Genetic Evidence for a Connection between Rous Sarcoma Virus Gag Nuclear Trafficking and Genomic RNA Packaging

ABSTRACT The packaging of retroviral genomic RNA (gRNA) requires cis-acting elements within the RNA and trans-acting elements within the Gag polyprotein. The packaging signal ψ, at the 5′ end of the viral gRNA, binds to Gag through interactions with basic residues and Cys-His box RNA-binding motifs in the nucleocapsid. Although specific interactions between Gag and gRNA have been demonstrated previously, where and when they occur is not well understood. We discovered that the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein transiently localizes to the nucleus, although the roles of Gag nuclear trafficking in virus replication have not been fully elucidated. A mutant of RSV (Myr1E) with enhanced plasma membrane targeting of Gag fails to undergo nuclear trafficking and also incorporates reduced levels of gRNA into virus particles compared to those in wild-type particles. Based on these results, we hypothesized that Gag nuclear entry might facilitate gRNA packaging. To test this idea by using a gain-of-function genetic approach, a bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) derived from the nucleoplasmin protein was inserted into the Myr1E Gag sequence (generating mutant Myr1E.NLS) in an attempt to restore nuclear trafficking. Here, we report that the inserted NLS enhanced the nuclear localization of Myr1E.NLS Gag compared to that of Myr1E Gag. Also, the NLS sequence restored gRNA packaging to nearly wild-type levels in viruses containing Myr1E.NLS Gag, providing genetic evidence linking nuclear trafficking of the retroviral Gag protein with gRNA incorporation.
The Difference in Speed Sequence Influences Perceived Duration

Perceived duration of a moving stimulus increases with the speed of the motion. However, a recent study found that the perceived duration of a decelerating stimulus was longer than that of an accelerating one, even though their averaged speed was identical (Matthews 2011 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 37 1617–1627). We conducted three experiments to discover how this speed-change-induced time distortion occurs. We found that the perceived duration of a decelerating motion was longer than that of an accelerating one both in sub-second and supra-second presentation duration conditions, when speed changed linearly over time (experiment 1). The differences could not be explained by the differences in average perceived speed between them (experiment 2). Moreover, the perceived duration of a decelerating motion was also longer than that of an accelerating one, even when speed changed once during the presentation duration (experiment 3). These results suggest that average speed differences in the early and late parts of the presentation duration are important for the occurrence of the speed-change-induced time distortion.