Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying Epentheti Nouns using Maximum Entropy Classi ation

This paper will demonstrate the use of a generic machine learning algorithm in predicting a particular morphological behavior exhibited by a group of Hungarian nouns. Epenthetic nouns (eg bokor ‘bush’) appear without the last vowel phoneme under certain conditions (bokr#ok ‘bush-PLUR’, bokr#ot ‘bush-ACC’). Rule-based accounts of this phenomenon, whether generative (Vago 1980, Törkenczy 1994) or traditional (Papp 1975, Elekfi 1994), do not enable us to predict the behavior of new, unseenwords. More recently, Rebrus & Törkenczy (2008) have explored the effects that previously attested noun forms may have on the the behavior of new stems, but without providing an algorithm for predicting the behavior of unknown words. The methods described in this paper make no use of linguistic analyses put forward in the literature. On the contrary, we wish to demonstrate that given a sufficiently large data sample it is possible to predict the behavior of unseen nouns with high accuracy while using minimal linguistic knowledge. In x2 we give a brief account of an analogy-based approach put forward by (Rung 2012). This approach limits phoneme representations to a small set of phonetic features andmakes use of a fairly sophisticatedmeasure of word similarity, called the complex feature measure. x3 will use the same data and the same representation to train a Maximum Entropy classifier that predicts epentheticity without adopting any notion of phonetic similarity. For both experiments we use a dataset containing ca. 1000 epenthetic and 48 000 non-epenthetic nouns. The sample was compiled using the morphdb.hu morphological database (Trón et al. 2006), the annotation was manually improved (see Rung 2012 for details).
Security Estimation Model: Fault Perspective

-The issue of security is essential for secure software. Measuring security of software system at design phase may help software developers to improve the security of software system. A security estimation model for object oriented design fault perspective has been developed in this paper. The proposed model correlates the Object Oriented Design constructs with Fault and Security. The security estimation process can be achieved by controlling the fault issues at design phase. This paper presents a multivariate linear regression for establishing the security estimation model in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability as attributes of security criteria to evaluate security of class diagram. Security estimation model is empirically validated and statistical significance of the study considers the high correlation for model acceptance.
Low-ionization broad absorption lines in quasars

About 10% of optically selected radio-quiet quasars have broad high-ionization absorption lines and are known as broad absorption line quasars, or BALQSOs. About 15% of these optically selected BALQSOs also have broad low-ionization absorption lines and are known as Mg II BALQSOs. Although uncommon in optically selected surveys, Mg II BALQSOs appear to be much more common in IR-selected samples and might be significantly reddened by dust. We examine the absorption-line properties of six Mg II BALQSOs from the BALQSO sample of Weymann et al. and find the following trends: (1) Al III absorption is always stronger than Al II absorption; (2) C IV absorption tends to be very deep and broad; and (3) low-ionization absorption tends to be narrower and to lie at the low-velocity end of the C IV trough
Cooperative Validation of CAM Position Information Using C-V2X

Cellular-Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) communication is an essential component of future automated traffic systems as well as a promising technology for mobile robot applications. In those scenarios, the vehicles typically exchange location data obtained by on-board positioning modules such as satellite receivers or sensor-based SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping). As such information is vital for cooperative applications, its validation is an important safety feature. In this paper, we propose a method to repurpose available information from C-V2X to estimate the distance between sender and receiver. By analyzing the timing of Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) within the C-V2X resource grid it is possible to derive fairly accurate distance information, which can be used to validate the location data contained within the payload. Such validation is helpful in case of technical failures of positioning modules or intentional transmission of fraudulent location data. Our analysis based on MATLAB simulation shows a positioning error of 30 m for typical traffic and robot scenarios. One key learning is that existing C-V2X signal information can be used to achieve this performance even in the presence of multipath fading. Although the positioning is not yet precise enough for stand-alone use, it is useful for overall safety and reliability measures in cooperative vehicular and robotic applications.
Prediction of MS Graduate Admissions using Decision Tree Algorithm

: Every year, the number of students wanting to pursue higher studies in abroad especially in US is more and they find difficult to search the best university. And thus, this paper helps on predicting the eligibility of Indian students getting admission in best university based on their Test attributes like GRE,TOEFL,CGPA, Research papers published etc. According to their scores the possibilities of chance of admit is calculated. This project uses machine learning technique specifically decision tree algorithm(version 0.22.1) for predicting the output which helps them to admit in the best university and also helps the student to find the possibility of admitting in other universities based on their scores.
Block adjustment and coupled epipolar rectification of LROC NAC images for precision lunar topographic mapping

The narrow-angle camera (NAC) of the lunar reconnaissance orbiter camera (LROC) uses a pair of closely attached pushbroom sensors to obtain a large swath of coverage while providing high-resolution imaging. However, the two image sensors do not share the same lenses and cannot be modelled geometrically with a single physical model. The irregular image network leads to difficulties in conducting the block adjustment to remove inconsistencies between the NAC images in both intraand inter-track cases. In addition, the special image network requires two to four stereo models, each with an irregular overlapping region of varying size. The stereo configuration of NAC images also creates severe problems for the state-of-the-art image matching methods. With the aim of using NAC stereo pairs for precision 3D topographic mapping, this paper presents a novel approach to the block adjustment and coupled epipolar rectification of NAC stereo images. This approach removes the internal inconsistencies in a single block adjustment and merges the image pair in the disparity space, thus requiring estimation of only one stereo model. Semi-global matching is used to generate a disparity map for the stereo pair; each correspondence is transformed back to the source image, and 3D points are derived via photogrammetric space intersection. The experimental results reveal that the proposed approach is able to reduce the gaps and inconsistencies caused by the inaccurate boresight offsets between the two NAC cameras and the irregular overlapping regions and to finally generate precise and consistent 3D topographic models from the NAC stereo images.
Mutation studies in Lathyrus Sativus

Five varieties of L. sativus were treated with γ-rays, EMS, NMU and the combination of γ-rays and NMU. The mutation frequency in M2 was dose-dependent. NMU was the most potent mutagen in inducing mutations. The combination treatment did not reveal synergistic effect. The ratio of chlorophyll to morphological mutations in M2 was 1⋅5 to 2 ⋅ 1. The varieties differed in radiosensitivity. With recurrent irradiation, the frequency of mutations declined indicating the diploid nature as well as acquisition of radioresistance.
Study on Mutation of NOD2/CARD15 Gene in Chinese Patients with Crohn's Disease

Background: Recently several studies identified that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of NOD2/CARD15 gene was associated with Crohn's disease (CD) in Western Caucasian population, especially the three SNP R702W, G908R and 3020insC. Aims: To explore the SNP of NOD2/CARD15 in Chinese CD patients and its relationship with clinical characteristics of CD. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 48 patients with CD, 50 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 50 healthy controls, respectively. Genomic DNA was extracted from the white blood cells of blood samples. The DNA fragments of 12 exons of NOD2 were acquired by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Direct DNA sequencing was carried out after purification, and the relevance of gene mutation with the clinical characteristics of CD was analyzed. Results: None of the three groups had the commonly seen variants of NOD2/CARD15 presented in Western Caucasian population. The P268S mutation rate in CD group was significantly higher than that in UC and healthy control groups (P0.05). The location of lesion of 5 patients with CD having P268S mutation was all in the terminal ileum (P0.01), 4/5 patients were less than 20 years old (P0.01) and having small intestinal stricture (P0.01). Conclusions: Some Chinese CD patients carry P268S mutation, which is related to age, location of lesion and the complications of disease. It is necessary to further identify the functional significance of this mutational change.
Study on the Functional Mechanism of Gabaron Tea on Hypertension

The absorption and metabolism of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) in rat were investigated by using 14 C autoradiograph and quantitative analysis method. The results showed that after administrated with 1mg/g body weight GABA to the 6～7 weeks old Wister rats, GABA in the liver increased to the highest level after 1 hour, GABA in the plasm and kidney reached the highest level after 3 hours, while GABA in the brain almost remained at the same level. γ- hydroxybutyric acid(GHBA) was one of the major metabolic products of GABA in rat.
The Influence of Reynolds Number and Atmospheric Effects on Aircraft Wake Vortices Near the Ground

Aircraft wakes represent potential hazards which can control aircraft spacing and thus limit airport capacity. Wake vortex trajectories and strengths are altered radically by interactions with the ground plane and by atmospheric conditions. This work has been concerned with developing more accurate numerical predictions. A two-dimensional, unsteady numerical-theoretical study is presented which has included viscous effects, the influence of stratification, crosswind and turbulence on vortex behavior near the ground plane, using a vorticity-streamfimction formulation. A two-parameter perturbation procedure has been developed which uses analytic solutions for the initial flow field to accommodate the ground effect region in the numerical simulation. Using an order of magnitude analysis, it was possible to justify the Boussinesq approximations for turbulent wake vortex predictions, including ground effects and atmospheric stratification. It has been shown that the eddy-viscosity turbulence models were not effective in predicting wake vortex flows and a Reynolds stress transport model was implemented. The numerical solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations have been compared with experimental results for the laminar, unstratified cases and good agreement has been obtained. The computational simulations show that the vortex rebound near the ground plane is caused by ground boundary-layer separation. High stratification levels can confine the motion of the vortex system and alleviate the primary vortex strength. Vortex Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. turbulence influences vortex trajectories more strongly than it influences the rate of change in vortex strength. Weak crosswinds cause the upstream primary vortex to rebound less strongly than the downstream vortex. Finally, suggestions are made for future research. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
An Examination of Insurance Stock Prices Following the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake

This paper examines the reaction of insurance stock prices to the 1 989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Three theories about the perceived future operating performance of insurance companies following the earthquake are tested: (1) substantial cash outflows due to the claims, (2) abandonment of soft-market pricing, and (3) additional net cash inflows as a result of increased earthquake insurance premiums. The analysis employs a two-index market model to control for industry clustering. The findings indicate that market perceived that the effect of the earthquake would be additional earnings for earthquake insurers.
Satellite tracked drogue experiments in Icelandic waters 1992

In 1992 satellite drogue experiments were carried out in Icelandic waters by the Saclant Centre in La Spezia, Italy, in co-operation with the Marine Research Institute in Reykjavl'k. Most of the drogues were launched in the ocean area NE and E of Iceland, and will not be discussed in this paper. Three drifters were launched in the warm water on the shelf S\V of Iceland (Fig. 1) in the main spawning area for Icelandic cod. From there the larvae drift with the coastal eurrent northwards along the westcoast of Iceland and into the nursing grounds north of Iceland. From time to time larvae drift westwards into Greenland waters. The drift is variable, even drastically, from year to year and season to season as shown by Q-group investigations for cod and capelin as well as hydrographie observations. (Malmberg and Blindheim 1993, Astth6rsson et al. 1993, Magm1sson and Sveinbjörnsson 1992).
Autocrine Mechanisms Modulating Endocrine Regulation of Mammary Gland Function

This thesis examines the mechanisms by which local changes in the frequency and efficiency of milk removal modify the regulation of the mammary gland by circulating galactopoietic hormones. Individual mammary glands of a suckled, lactating rabbit were seeded to allow effects arising from engorgement of the gland with milk to be studied. Accumulation of milk in the mammary gland significantly reduced mammary prolactin receptor number, which was assessed in 4.5 M-MgCl2 stripped microsomal membremes. This reduction in receptor number was apparent at the end of the normal (24 h) suckling interval and preceded the locally-induced decrease in the rate of milk accumulation previously shown to occur after this time. The effect of milk accumulation on hormone binding was due, at least in part, to the actions of the feedback inhibitor of lactation (FIL). This milk constituent, which is thought to be responsible for the local control of milk secretion, reduced both prolactin and IGF-I receptor number when introduced into the mammary gland via the teat duct. In contrast, in the goat, more frequent removal of milk for 9 days did not affect prolactin receptor number, although it did stimulate the rate of milk secretion. In this case, it was possible that there was an effect on the distribution of receptors within the secretory cell. The final part of this study investigated the mechanism of FIL action on hormone receptor number. For this purpose, methods were developed for the isolation and culture of mammary cells, by enzymic digestion of mid-lactation mouse mammary gland. Incubation of isolated cells with a 10-30 kDa goat whey fraction containing FIL, for 2 hours, resulted in prolactin receptors being relocated from cell- surface to intracellular sites, without affecting total receptor number. This FIL-induced reduction in hormonal sensitivity did not appear to mediate FIL's acute effects on protein secretion, since these were independent of exogenous prolactin during this short-term culture. In conclusion, this study demonstrates local modulation of endocrine regulation of the lactating mammary gland. The effects of milk accumulation and alterations in milking frequency and efficiency on mammary prolactin receptor number and distribution are due, at least in part, to FIL. These FIL-induced changes in cellular sensitivity to circulating galactopoietic hormones could have important long-term effects on milk yield and mammary differentiation.
Expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 in cholangiocarcinoma and relationship with HBV infection

Objective To study the expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and their relevance with hepatitis B virus( HBV) infection. Methods HE staining was used to verify the pathological diagnosis of 66 cases; Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 in 66 cholangiocarcinoma. Results Sixty-six cases were all cholangiocarcinoma; The positive expression rates of Survivin and Caspase-3 were 73% and 60% in cholangiocarcinoma,respectively; The expression of Survivin in cholangiocarcinoma tissues increased with the reduction of the differentiation level,and significantly higher in cholangiocarcinoma with HBV infection than that in cholangiocarcinoma without HBV infection( P 0. 05); The expression of Caspase-3 in cholangicarcinoma tissues decreased with the reduction of the differentiation level,and significantly lower in cholangiocarcinoma with HBV infection than that without( P 0. 05); The expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues with HBV infection was negatively correlated,the difference was statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusion Survivin and Caspase-3 maybe participate in the occurrence and development of cholangiocarcinoma,but Survivin does not directly inhibit the expression of Caspase-3,it maybe interact with the hepatitis B virus,as a cofactor in inhibiting the expression of Caspase-3.
Endometriosis in Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) Following Chronic Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Endometriosis in Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) Following Chronic Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Rier, S. E. , Martin, D. C. , Bowman, R. E. , Dmowski, W. P., and Becker, J. L. (1993). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 21, 433-441. The incidence of the reproductive disease endometriosis was determined in a colony of rhesus monkeys chronically exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin) for a period of 4 years. Ten years after termination of dioxin treatment, the presence of endometriosis was documented by surgical laparoscopy and the severity of disease was assessed. The incidence of endometriosis was directly correlated with dioxin exposure and the severity of disease was dependent upon the dose administered (p < 0.001). Three of 7 animals exposed to 5 ppt dioxin (43%) and 5 of 7 animals exposed to 25 ppt dioxin (71%) had moderate to severe endometriosis. In contrast, the frequency of disease in the control group was 33%, similar to an overall prevalence of 30% in 304 rhesus monkeys housed at The Harlow Primate Center with no dioxin exposure. This 15-year study indicates that latent female reproductive abnormalities may be associated with dioxin exposure in the rhesus. Therefore, the effects of this toxin may be more diverse than previously recognized.
Localization of hyaluronan in mouse embryos during implantation, gastrulation and organogenesis

Abstract Hyaluronan was localized in postimplantation mouse embryos using CD44, the principal hyaluronan receptor. The specificity of CD44 receptor-globulin labelling was confirmed using Streptomyces hyaluronidase, anti-chondroitin sulfate antibody, and other receptor globulins. Our major findings are summarized as follows 1. Implantation of the blastocyst into the uterine wall triggers a rapid loss of hyaluronan from the extracellular matrix of decidual cells on the anti-mesometrial side of the uterus. 2. Hyaluronan appears early in development in the yolk cavity, and the basement membranes of primitive ectoderm and primitive endoderm. 3. During gastrulation, mesodermal cells enter a hyaluronan-rich environment, but lack a pericellular hyaluronan coat themselves. 4. In limb bud embryos, hyaluronan is present throughout the cranial mesenchyme, but is generally not present in the branchial bars, somites, or limb buds. 5. At mid-gestation, hyaluronan is present in the axial skeleton, craniofacial mesenchyme, endocardial cushions of the heart, smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract, and connective tissue throughout the body. The pattern of hyaluronan expression in the day 13 fetus is nearly identical to the published distribution of transforming growth factor β (TGF β), suggesting a close functional relationship between these molecules. Together, the results suggest that hyaluronan is involved in the formation of early mesoderm, differentiation of craniofacial mesenchyme, and morphogenesis of the axial skeleton.
Application of Imaging Technologies in Breast Cancer Detection: A Review Article

One of the techniques utilised in the management of cancer in all stages is multiple biomedical imaging. Imaging as an important part of cancer clinical protocols can provide a variety of information about morphology, structure, metabolism and functions. Application of imaging technics together with other investigative apparatus including in fluids analysis and vitro tissue would help clinical decision-making. Mixed imaging techniques can provide supplementary information used to improve staging and therapy planning. Imaging aimed to find minimally invasive therapy to make better results and reduce side effects. Probably, the most important factor in reducing mortality of certain cancers is an early diagnosis of cancer via screening based on imaging. The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. It is considered as the second major cause of cancer deaths in females, and therefore it remained as an important medical and socio-economic issue. Medical imaging has always formed part of breast cancer care and has used in all phases of cancer management from detection and staging to therapy monitoring and post-therapeutic follow-up. An essential action to be performed in the preoperative staging of breast cancer based on breast imaging. The general term of breast imaging refers to breast sonography, mammography, and magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) of the breast (magnetic resonance mammography, MRM). Further development in technology will lead to increase imaging speed to meet physiological processes requirements. One of the issues in the diagnosis of breast cancer is sensitivity limitation. To overcome this limitation, complementary imaging examinations are utilised that traditionally includes screening ultrasound, and combined mammography and ultrasound. Development in targeted imaging and therapeutic agents calls for close cooperation among academic environment and industries such as biotechnological, IT and pharmaceutical industries.