Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Study of Shogran Valley Flora, Pakistan.

The present work was planned to explore the pharmacological aspects of Shogran Valley Flora. From study area only fifty plants were selected to observe their pharmacological values. From the results it is cleared that the plants from study area have more medicinal applications in skin, diuretic, expectorant, digestive, anti-inflammatory and respiratory disorders. Abies pindrow, Achillea millefolium, Cedrus deodara, Stellaria media, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Urtica dioica plants have more therapeutic application for treatment of variety of ailments.
Is in-stream N2 fixation an important N source for benthic communities and stream ecosystems?

Abstract We evaluate the current state of knowledge concerning the ecosystem- and community-level importance of N2 fixation in streams. We reviewed the literature reporting N2-fixation contributions to stream N budgets and compared in-stream N2-fixation rates to denitrification and dissolved inorganic N (DIN)-uptake rates. In-stream N2 fixation rarely contributed >5% of the annual N input in N budgets that explicitly measured N2 fixation, but could contribute higher proportions when considered over daily or seasonal time scales. N2-fixation rates were statistically indistinguishable from denitrification and DIN-uptake rates from the same stream reach. However, published N2-fixation rates compiled from a wide variety of streams were significantly lower than denitrification or DIN-uptake rates, which were indistinguishable from one another. The data set we compiled might be biased because the number of published N2-fixation measurements is small (9 studies reporting rates in 22 streams), the range of stream conditions (NO3–-N concentration, discharge, season) under which N2-fixation and other N-processing rates have been measured is limited, and all of the rate estimates have associated methodological artifacts. To broaden our understanding of how N2 fixation contributes to stream ecosystems, studies must measure all rates concurrently across a broad range of stream conditions. In addition, focusing on how N2 fixation supports food webs and contributes to benthic community dynamics will help us understand the full ecological ramifications of N2 fixation in streams, regardless of the magnitude of the N flux into streams from N2 fixation.
Performance Study of Eco-Concrete Based on Waste Demolition as Recycled Aggregates

Aggregates are considered as essential constituents in the composition of ordinary concrete or special concretes. The use of recycled aggregates is of great interest from the economic and environmental point of view. This study concerns the use of aggregates issued from the waste of crushing of the old concrete as a substitution for natural aggregates. An experimental program plan includes the study of the behavior of recycled aggregate concretes (RAC) at replacement of 0 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 % and 100 % of recycled aggregates respectively. The objective of the present research work is to study the substitution effect of recycled aggregates (RA) on the physical and mechanical characteristics of a local recycled concrete. The non-destructive test methods NDT (Rebound hammer and ultrasonic velocity) were adopted to assess the mechanical response. The correlation of these tests had been considered for the different properties of tests to see wither; they are reliable to characterize a local recycled concrete, in this particular case of study. The results obtained showed that there is a negative impact of replacement ratio of recycled aggregate on the physical and mechanical properties mainly higher air content, lower density, greater absorption and decrease in strength in comparison with reference crushed aggregate concrete (CAC). Further, low correlation coefficients were registered to predict the due compressive strength in this case regarding the effect of aggregate type.
The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology Neuropsychological Underpinnings of Emotional Responsiveness to Media

Responding emotionally to a movie, video game, Instagram post, or a social robot is quite a common experience. Whereas the experience felt is real, the mediated encounter or message often is fabricated, just fiction, and involves artificial non-existent characters. An intriguing question is thus ‘why does media use feel so real and how are emotions induced by processing media? ’ The current entry aims to answer that question by outlining the neuropsychological underpinnings of emotional responsiveness to media. We discuss how emotions and emotion regulation are processed in the brain and exemplify neuropsychological models. Key is the fast processing of feelings and emotions, mostly operated in subcortical-limbic brain regions, relative to slower and more reflective processing through the prefrontal cortex, which dynamically interact as one system. Then, we outline the neural underpinnings of the rewarding and disturbing effects of (social) media use. Finally, we show how the parallel processing of emotions in neuropsychological models may explain the oftenfound emotion-bias in media use. In all, this entry aims to provide insights in the psychology behind media use and open new perspectives for relevant media psychological research.
IMMUNOBLOT ANALYSIS OF SAFFRON POLLEN PROTEINS RECOGNIZED BY HUMAN IGE ANTIBODIES

Pollen is one of the major causes of allergy worldwide. Pollen allergens can cause an immediate hypersensitivity (type I, IgE-mediated) response in susceptible individuals. Hypersensitivity to saffron pollen is a serious problem, especially among the people who working with Saffron flowers. The aim of this study was to identify protein with IgE binding activity (allergenic protein) in a saffron pollen extract. Proteins of the saffron pollen extract recognized by human IgE antibodies were investigated by SDSPAGE and Western blotting. Proteins with IgE binding activity were identified with sera from 23 patients who suffered from continues sneezing, rhino rhea, conjunctivitis, throat irritation, shortness of breath during exposure with Saffron flowers. A chemiluminescent immuno-detection method was used to study IgE binding activity of saffron pollen proteins with patients's sera. Six IgE immunoreactive proteins ranging in molecular weight from 13.5 to 85 KD were identified. From among of these proteins, four with apparent molecular weight of 13.5-14, 19.5-20, 42-43 and 85 KD could be identified with more than 35% of our allergic patient’s sera. While two proteins with IgE binding activity (58 and 67 KD) could be demonstrated for only some of our saffron allergic patients. In conclusion, in this study we demonstrated the presence of several IgE binding proteins in the total extract of saffron pollen.
Discrete Analogue of the Verhulst Equation and Attractors. Methodological Aspects of Teaching

Verhulst equation in differential and discrete form is very important in different fields of material science, sociology and economics. Methodological aspects of teaching, when both models are presented for solving advanced tasks, are considered. Solutions presented in graphical and numerical forms are discussed in the framework of attractors. Citations: Yelena Kozmina. Discrete Analogue of the Verhulst Equation and Attractors. Methodological Aspects of Teaching – Innovative Infotechnologies for Science, Business and Education, ISSN 2029-1035 – 1(24) 2018 – Pp. 3-12.
The influence of intelligibility, comprehensibility and degree of foreign accent in evaluating and categorizing non-native pronunciation errors

Characterizing a foreign realization as mispronounced depends on several factors, such as the degree to which the realization deviates from a standard pronunciation model, the phonological implications of the mispronounced sound(s) and finally, the individual tolerance level of nonnativeness by the interlocutor [1]. On the other hand, recent methodological approaches to pronunciation training do not aim at complete native-like proficiency, but focus instead on increasing the intelligibility and comprehensibility of learners [2]. The objective of our experiment was to test the severity of frequent pronunciation errors by Japanese learners of Spanish as a foreign language. A sample of 50 utterances that contained both words with frequent mispronunciations and words correctly pronounced was drawn from a spoken corpus of Japanese-accented Spanish L2 [3].
CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR – FOCUSED ON THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG INSTITUTIONS, INCENTIVES AND BEHAVIOURS –

Improving the quality of mathematics and science (M&S) education by improving the quality of teaching of teachers is the main approach of the technical cooperation of JICA in the basic education sector1 up until now (JICA IFIC 2007b). Characteristics of major approaches in M&S education cooperation have been analyzed to draw some lessons learnt for project formulation and implementation (JICA 2004, JICA IFIC 2007b). Analyses based on the perspectives of capacity development (CD) of projects for M&S education and in-service teacher training (INSET) are also reported (Mabuchi and Yokozeki 2004、JICA IFIC 2006). The Strengthening of Mathematics and Science in Secondary Education (SMASSE) Project implemented in Kenya is regarded as one of the most successful projects in the M&S education cooperation in JICA. Some of the success factors of SMASSE are already reported (JICA Social Development Cooperation Department 2002, JICA IFIC 2007a). Taking SMASSE as a case study, this paper analyzes the relationship among informal and formal institutions, incentives and behaviors of individuals in the process of institutionalization. By using the framework that distinguishes interior from exterior of individuals, organizations and societies, it is explained how the interiors influence the exteriors and vice-versa. Based on the analysis, some suggestions will be made regarding the relationship between technical cooperation and a process of institutionalization. Finally some recommendations are made on technical cooperation from the perspective of CD.
Impact of Alien Plants on Grant Basin Rangelands

Our purpose is to discuss the impact of alien plants on rangeland ecosystems of the Great Basin in terms of their effects on biological functions. The sagebrush/bunchgrass ranges of western North America are used as a model ecosystem for the impact of alien plants. Alien weed species have been introduced in successive waves, with the success of each new introduction dependent on how well adapted to the environment and how competitive the new weed is with those previously introduced. Annual species have been successful across extensive areas of Great Basin rangelands. Biennial and short- and long-lived perennial introductions have been restricted to much more specific habitats. Alien plants impact rangelands through stand renewal and successional processes. Alien weeds can cause such processes to be accelerated and/or truncated depending on the species and range site.
Waveguide loss reduction of GaInAsP/InP membrane lasers by reduction of doping concentration of p-InP cladding layer

Figure 1 shows the cross sections of a membrane laser with core thickness of 270 nm including low doped p-InP cap layer (NA,cap = 3×10 17 cm) for the decrease of absorption coefficients of p-InP. In this work, we fabricated membrane FP lasers with lower (NA, p-clad. = 5×10 cm: Device I) doping concentration of p-InP side cladding layer and compared with previously reported devices with relatively high doping concentration (NA, p-clad. = 2×10 18 cm: Device II). Since the mode field of the membrane laser tends to spread in horizontal direction due to high-index-contrast structure as shown in Fig. 2, the reduction of p-InP doping concentration is considered to effective for reduction of the waveguide loss. The absorption losses in the p-InP layers of Devices I and II were calculated to be 1.1 cm and 4.5 cm, respectively, while that of conventional (vertical injection type) BH lasers was 2.4 cm.
PII: S0040-6090(99)00382-X

Thin ®lms of zinc oxide were deposited on glass by r.f. sputtering and studied by means of spectrophotometry and spectroscopic ellipsometry. We ®rst reviewed the methods used to determine simultaneously the microstructure and optical indices of thin ®lms. These methods have then been used to analyze the experimental measurements. They clearly showed that the microstructure of thin ®lms could only be determined by using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. From these measurements, the optical indices of the zinc oxide ®lms in the wavelength range 310±750 nm were then computed. These correlate closely with previously published results. q 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
Interspecies hydrogen transfer in co-cultures of methanol-utilizing acidogens and sulfate-reducing or methanogenic bacteria

The metabolism of methanol by acidogenic bacteria (Butyribacterium methylotrophicum, Sporomusa ovata and Acetobacterium woodii) was studied in pure culture and in defined mixed cultures with sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio vulgaris) or methanogenic bacteria (Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus strain AZ). In the mixed cultures, less acids (acetate and/or butyrate) were formed per unit methanol converted than in pure cultures. In these mixed cultures, a significant production of sulfide or methane was observed despite the inability of the sulfate reducer and the methanogen to use methanol as an energy substrate. These results are explained in terms of interspecies hydrogen transfer between the acidogens (converting part of the methanol to 1 CO2 and 3 H2) and the Desulfovibrio or Methanobrevibacter species. The bioenergetic aspects of this process and its ecological implications are discussed.
AN EFFECTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SWITCHED CAPACITOR LUO CONVERTER USED IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPLICATION

In hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), power electronic interface and its control draws more attention towards better utilization of energy sources. To this purpose, an efficient hybrid switched-capacitor (SC) bidirectional DC–DC converter is designed and interfaced between the dual energy storage systems (ESS). A closed loop controller is designed to regulate the power flow and facilitate reverse power flow during regenerative braking. The performance of the converter is analysed with respect to power conversion efficiency, current ripple and robustness to operate in both quadrants. Simulation is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment to verify and validate the performance of the system in various operating modes.
Implementation of Novel PWM Algorithm for the Reduction of Torque Ripple and Common Mode Voltage in VSI fed Induction Motor Drives

This paper presents a high performance near state PWM (NSPWM) algorithm for the reduction of common mode voltage (CMV) in direct torque controlled induction motor drives. In the proposed algorithms, actual switching times are calculated using the concept of imaginary times. As the proposed method did not use sector identification and angle information, it reduces the complexity involved in conventional methods. To reduce CMV, in the proposed method active voltage vectors are used to program the output voltage. NSPWM algorithm utilizes three adjacent active voltage vectors for the composition of reference voltage vector. To validate the proposed algorithm, simulation studies have been carried out using MATLAB-Simulink and results have been presented.
Copper toxicity on cell morphometry of Scenedesmus quadricauda Chodat

In the forthcoming decade atmospheric pollution and climate change cause a serious threat to natural resources, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. The heavy metal pollution originating from increased industrialization and urbanization globally in aquatic ecosystem is a matter of concern regarding the potential hazard for aquatic flora & fauna. Metals such as copper are released into aquatic environment anthropogenically upto alarming concentration. Among algaecides, copper sulphate has been widely employed globally and phytoplanktons are potential targets for these algaecides residues. Now a days copper salts are intentionally added to the drinking water supply to control the algal growth. Therefore the study designed to recognize the effects of copper sulphate on growth and cell morphometry of microalgal species, Scenedesmus quadricauda isolated from a polluted site of lower and upper lakes of Bhopal, were accordingly evaluated. Microscopic examination of this study shows that Scenedesmus cell at low concentration (0.5 mgL-1) of copper sulphate has a diminutive stimulatory effect on cell dimension and the four cell aggregates maintain their normal morphological integrity with their bright green colour. As the concentration increases from 1.5 to 3mg L-1 the spines become slightly curved and cell body slightly shrunken showed a large amount of destructions and deformation with reduced cell dimensions. In existing work, Scenedesmus quadricauda shows an elevated cell morphometric variation at toxicity concentration 2.5mgL-1 to 3mgL-1 of copper sulphate.
The rewtrotramnspon copia regulates Drosphila gen expresion both poatively and Negatively

The D. melanogaster transposable element copia is structurally similar to retroviral proviruses. We have asked whether copia encodes regulatory functions which have been observed in certain other proviruses. We have introduced reporter constructs based on the copia promoter and other Drosophila promoters into Drosophila cells and asked if copia has any affect on their expression. We find that, whilst copia negatively regulates expression from its own promoter, it also positively regulates expression from the larval serum protein 1 promoter. Analysis of RNA suggests that both regulatory functions occur by post-transcriptional mechanisms.
Photochemical efficiency and SPAD value as indirect selection criteria for combined selection of spot blotch and terminal heat stress in wheat

Terminal heat and spot blotch caused by Cochliobolus sativus are important stresses causing significant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield losses in the south Asian plains. Recent studies have shown that chlorophyll-related traits are correlated with heat stress and spot blotch resistance in wheat. This study was conducted to evaluate leaf photochemical efficiency and leaf greenness (measured as SPAD value) for combined selection of spot blotch and terminal heat stress. The efficiency of photosystem II was measured as ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence, F v /F m , using chlorophyll fluorometer build on pulse modulation principle. The study was conducted in three spring wheat populations derived by crossing spot blotch-resistant wheat genotypes 'Milan/Shanghai#7', 'Chirya.3' and 'NL971' with a susceptible cultivar 'BL 1473'. The F 3 and F 4 generations were grown under natural epiphytotics of spot blotch either in optimal or in terminal heat stress conditions at Rampur, Nepal. The heritability (h 2 ) of F v /F m , SPAD measurements and their genetic correlation with 1000-kernel weight (TKW) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) were estimated. The h 2 estimates for F v /F m and SPAD measurements were moderate to high. In addition, AUDPC and TKW showed low to high genetic correlation with these traits. These findings suggest that F v /F m and SPAD measurements could be used as complementary traits in selecting for spot blotch resistance and heat tolerance in wheat.
DESIGN AND CONTROL OF FUZZY BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH STORAGE

-Nowadays, energy management system is most important. Power electronics based energy management system used in this paper. This paper demonstrates the functionality of a power electronics based energy management system (EMS). The EMS includes batteries and a digitally controlled single-phase voltage source inverter (VSI), which can be controlled as a current source or a voltage source depending on the status of the ac grid and the user’s preference. In this project we are using the fuzzy controller compared to other controllers i.e. The fuzzy controller is the most suitable for the human decision-making mechanism, providing the operation of an electronic system with decisions of experts. The main Objectives of the system is 1) Peak shaving by tapping the energy storage system during high power demand. 2) Islanding or standalone mode of operation when the main AC grid is no longer available. The EMS guarantees that the critical loads are powered when the ac grid fails; in which case, the VSI is controlled as a voltage source. By using the fuzzy controller for a nonlinear system allows for a reduction of uncertain effects in the system control and improve the efficiency. The electricity cost savings accomplished by peak shaving are estimated.
Inspect Characteristics of Rice via Machine Learning Method

-For more than half of humanity rice is life. Therefore, assessing the quality of rice in fast, accurate and objective methods has attracted a lot of attention of rice producers and processors. Unfortunately, the current inspection methods that focusing on the computer vision to inspect the characteristics of rice are either cost expensive (e.g., it needs extra sensors to assist photography) or need to be signiﬁcantly improved in practice (e.g., framed object incorrectly). In this paper, we make an in-depth study of the characteristics of rice and explore an alternative direction to use machine learning methods to inspect them through photos taken by cell phones. To be exact, we develop a new mathematical variation formula and a new area calculation formula, combining clustering meth-ods, to inspect the main characteristics of rice both statically and dynamically. The effectiveness of our approach is very visible no matter what the type of rice it is, which is shown by comprehensive experiments on four typical types of rice datasets. Moreover, We cooperate with one of the world’s largest home appliance manufacturers, applying the rice characteristics extraction approach to produce smart electric rice cookers, thus improving the quality of life for millions of people.
NOVEL SENSITIVITY INDICES BASED OPTIMAL LOCATION OF TCSC CONTROLLERS IN INDIAN GRID SYSTEM

:This paper proposes a methodology to determine the location of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) for secured power flow in the grid system using Novel Sensitivity indices. Three different Novel Sensitivity Indices are formulated based on Availability Based Tariff (ABT), Renewable Energy Integration (REI), Power Purchase (PP), Peak /off-peak (POP), Seasonal Demand (SD), Demand Growth (DG), Change in Capacity (CC), Open Access Customer (OA) and Generation Mix (GM). A methodology for finding the novel sensitivity indices of all the lines and selection of optimal location for placing TCSC for secured power flow in grid system is also presented. The Constriction factor based particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is utilized for finding the settings of the TCSC to be placed on the line selected based on the novel sensitivity indices. To show the validity of the proposed methodology, simulations are carried out for a practical Indian Grid system. The result indicates the importance of considering the proposed novel sensitivity indices in deciding the location of TCSC.