Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The potential role of estrogen receptors and the SRC family as targets for the treatment of breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer has a number of subtypes, the main ones are estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive, luminal type A and B. Treatment selection, with respect to hormonal therapy, is based upon ER expression. Whilst for ER-positive cancers, endocrine therapy is highly successful in the adjuvant setting, a significant proportion of cancers exhibit hormone resistance, often associated with altered growth factor receptor or ER signalling. Modulation of steroid receptor function by receptor co-activators or repressors is a potential mechanism of resistance. The p160 or SRC proto-oncogene family of co-activators are important in breast cancer response to endocrine therapy and can act as a paradigm of co-activator function. Objective/methods: This review focuses on the role of ER and ER co-activators in breast cancer and current approaches to targeting SRC co-factors for treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. Results/conclusions: There is a drive to selectively apply aromatase inhibitors on the basis of either risk or biological evidence of resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Both strategies may yield improved treatment to benefit ratios.
Bleeding and Thrombotic Complications in the Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used for >40 years to support lung and heart failure; however, bleeding and thrombosis remain serious complications. The known etiologies of bleeding include heparin effect or overdose, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, acquired von Willebrand syndrome, and hyperfibrinolysis. Bleeding sites may include cannula insertion sites, recent surgical incisions, vascular access sites, lung, gastrointestinal tract, mouth, nose, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and brain. Massive bleeding in the brain, the most feared bleeding complication, can be rapidly fatal because it occurs in a rigid closed space, is difficult to drain, and cannot be stopped with direct pressure to the bleeding site. Pulmonary hemorrhage may cause irreversible lung damage. Management should be swift and precise to prevent fatal bleeding. In contrast, etiologies of thrombosis include high fibrinogen and factor VIII levels, heparin resistance, and platelet activation. Achieving the optimal anticoagulation balance to prevent bleeding and thrombosis in ECMO patients is extremely complex. Experts in hemostasis should be a part of an institutional ECMO team and continuously available for immediate management.
The prevalence of surgical complications of the sinus graft procedure and their impact on implant survival.

BACKGROUND Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor has been performed successfully over the last decade. The ultimate goal of this procedure is to allow surviving implants to support a functional prosthesis. Surgical complications of the procedure are rarely reported and their impact on implant survival has been investigated even to a lesser extent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of surgical complications of the sinus graft procedure and their impact on implant survival. METHODS The study consisted of 70 patients who underwent 81 sinus graft procedures using the lateral wall approach from 1995 to 2000. A total of 212 screw-shaped implants were placed in the grafted sinuses and were restored by fixed prosthesis. Mean follow-up period for the implants was 43.6 months. Intra- and postoperative complications were thoroughly documented regarding clinical signs, times of occurrence, and treatment regimens. RESULTS Perforation of the Schneiderian membrane was the major intraoperative complication, observed in 36 of the 81 sinuses (44%). Of the 70 patients, seven (10%) suffered from postoperative complications, specifically related to the sinus graft procedure, which included an uncommon cyst formation and an infection. Membrane perforations were strongly associated with the appearance of postoperative complications (specific and non-specific to the procedure) (P < 0.001). However, no association was found between membrane perforations or postoperative complications and implant survival. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative complications may lead to postoperative complications. Surgical complications did not significantly influence implant survival.
Tracking the Anthropogenic Drivers of Ecological Impacts

Abstract Despite the pivotal role human factors (anthropogenic drivers) are presumed to play in global environmental change, substantial uncertainties and contradictory conclusions about them continue. We attempt to further discipline the human factors issue by estimating the effects of two anthropogenic drivers, population and affluence, on a wide variety of global environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions, emissions of ozone depleting substances, and the ecological footprint. Population proportionately increases all types of impacts examined. Affluence typically increases impacts, but the specific effect depends on the type of impact. These findings refocus attention on population and material affluence as principal threats to sustainability and challenge predictions of an ameliorating effect of rising affluence on impacts.
Electron spectroscopic investigation of the semiconductor-metal transition in La1-xSrxMnO3.

We study the electronic structure of La1-xSrxMnO3+δ, x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4, across the semiconductor-metal transition, using various electron spectroscopy techniques. The negligible intensity seen at EF using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopy (BIS) indicate an unusual semiconductor-metal transition observed for x≥0.2, consistent with the resistivity data. The BIS spectra show doped hole states developing about 1.4 eV above EF as a function of x. Auger electron spectroscopy gives an estimate of the intra-atomic Coulomb energy in the O 2p manifold to be about 6.8 eV. The Mn 2p core-level spectrum of LaMnO3, analyzed in terms of a configuration-interaction calculation, gives parameter values of the charge-transfer energy Δ=5.0 eV, the hybridization strength between Mn 3d and O 2p states, t=3.8 eV, and the on-site Coulomb energy in Mn 3d states Udd=4.0 eV, suggesting a mixed character for the ground state of LaMnO3.
[Protective effect of soyasaponins on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide in mice].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of soyasaponins on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. METHOD The mice were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control, the model group, the silymarin (positive control) group, and soyasaponins high and low-dose groups. They were administered with drugs once every day for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, GalN and LPS were injected intraperitoneally to all of the groups except for the normal group to establish the acute liver injury model. The pathological changes were detected with hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was detected by ELISA method, and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and the activation of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 were detected by the colorimetric method. RESULT Soyasaponins could reduce the activities of serum ALT and AST, the acute hepatic injury induced by GalN/LPS, serum TNF-alpha level, hepatic NO and MDA contents, and the Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 activations of liver tissues, and increase the hepatic CAT, GPx, GST and GSH levels. CONCLUSION Soyasaponins shows the protective effect on acute liver injury induced by GalN and LPS in mice, which may be related to its antioxidative ability and anti-liver apoptosis.
Organic food and the impact on human health

ABSTRACT In the last decade, the production and consumption of organic food have increased steadily worldwide, despite the lower productivity of organic crops. Indeed, the population attributes healthier properties to organic food. Although scientific evidence is still scarce, organic agriculture seems to contribute to maintaining an optimal health status and decreases the risk of developing chronic diseases. This may be due to the higher content of bioactive compounds and lower content of unhealthy substances such as cadmium and synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in organic foods of plant origin compared to conventional agricultural products. Thus, large long-term intervention studies are needed to determine whether an organic diet is healthier than a diet including conventionally grown food products. This review provides an update of the present knowledge of the impact of an organic versus a conventional food diet on health.
User-centric service provisioning for IMS

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a converged framework for delivering voice, video and data communication services to mobile and fixed users. The present operator-centric IMS model, which assume a single operator for the access network, IMS core and application servers, restricts if and how users can access services beyond the IMS core network. The present IMS model, by limiting the subscribers' choice might be rejected by many end users. User-centric service provisioning should establish the users' control and thus commence the customer interest for IMS. In this paper, we study the problems that a user-centric IMS architecture should address, and broaden the scope of our previously designed, third-party service enabled IMS model [21] by showing its use in user-centric service provisioning. Third-party offered service subscription and session setup procedures are explained with two use cases. The Users' profile management and privacy endurance, possible terminal implications are also discussed in the context of a user-centric IMS model.
The Curse of the Smart Machine? Digitalisation and the children of the mainframe

We are the children of the mainframe. From the early 1950s this smart machine glowed its alluring lights, zoomed its magnetic tapes, and worked hard a couple of megabyte memory worth millions of dollars. The mainframe computer created a foundation for the field of Information Systems (IS) educating IS professionals and researching how software and organisational practices could be designed and implemented, and what effects could result from such efforts. Nearly 70 years on, since the Lyons Electronic Office began in 1951, much has happened. The radical digitalisation and transformation of organisational and public service processes challenges not only perceived wisdoms amongst IS practitioners, but also within academia. This essay challenges the IS field on its fundamental ability to address the grand challenges associated with the digital transformation of societies, organisations, as well as the lives and livelihoods of individuals. The essay argues that the IS field will need to more explicitly address its assumptions rooted in the organisational mainframe. The IS field must transcend the mainframe heritage from our inception if it wishes to escape a pathological curse rendering the field unable to deal with the powerful synthesis of: wholesale digitalisation of society; the computerised distribution of human activities; and exponential scaling of computational capabilities.
Ocular findings in a patient with Cockayne syndrome with two mutations in the ERCC6 gene

ABSTRACT Background: Cockayne syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder that causes a senile appearance. Ophthalmic abnormalities are frequently present. Here, we report a wide range of ocular findings in a child with Cockayne syndrome. Materials and methods: The systemic and ocular findings were reviewed. A mutation analysis was performed in the patient and her parents. Results: The patient underwent a complete ocular examination. Both eyes had low visual acuity, corneal epithelial degeneration, punctate opacities of the lens, and retina disorders. The systemic findings included growth deficiency and a senile appearance. Gene analysis showed mutations in exons 4 and 18 of the ERCC6 gene. Conclusion: Multiple ocular abnormalities were observed in a patient with Cockayne syndrome. A detailed ophthalmic evaluation of children with Cockayne syndrome is advised.
An Introduction to Processing and Music Visualization

Processing is a programming language and environment targeted at artists and designers. It is used in various environments for different purposes, from scientific data visualization to art installations. This paper is comprised of two parts. The purpose of the first part is to provide an insight into Processing and its community as well as to showcase some projects that were created using Processing. The second part focuses on visualization of music. It gives a concise introduction to the theory of how information can be derived from sound signals and presents examples of how that information can be visualized using Processing.
Nonlinear acoustic echo cancellation with fast converging memoryless preprocessor

Low-cost audio components in hands-free telephone applications call for nonlinear adaptive echo cancellation (AEC). It has been demonstrated that a cascade of a polynomial and an FIR filter can cancel such nonlinear echoes (Stenger and Rabenstein 1998). Another technique employs a hard-clipping curve with LMS adapted saturation parameter (Nollet and Jones 1997). For both cascaded systems we derive an LMS-type adaptation using a common framework, and propose stepsize normalizations for both approaches. To achieve sufficiently fast convergence for practical use, an RLS-type adaptation for the polynomial is derived and experimentally verified. Both techniques are compared using real hardware and speech signals, and show robust convergence behaviour and an echo reduction gain of up to 10 dB compared to a linear AEC.
Tilt Training: A New Treatment for Recurrent Neurocardiogenic Syncope and Severe Orthostatic Intolerance

Medical treatment of neurocardiogenic syncope is insufficient in many cases. We have observed a therapeutic effect of repeated head‐up till testing. Therefore, we have started a program of tilt training for heavily symptomatic patients. After hospital admission, they were tilted daily (60° inclination) until syncope, or until a duration of 45–90 minutes (90 sessions in 13 patients). The mean tilt tolerance, at the first diagnostic head‐up tilt table test, was 22.3 minutes (st. dev. 10.9). Before hospital discharge, 12/13 patients could sustain the full duration of tilt table testing without any symptom. In one patient syncope persisted. The patients were instructed to continue a program of daily tilt training at home, by standing against a wall for 30 minutes, one or two times per day. This resulted in a complete disappearance of syncope in all 13 patients.
(S)‐Carboxy‐3‐Hydroxyphenylglycine, an Antagonist of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (mGluR)1a and an Agonist of mGluR2, Protects Against Audiogenic Seizures in DBA/2 Mice

Abstract: The in vivo anticonvulsant effects and in vitro metabo‐tropic glutamate receptor selectivity of (S)‐4‐carboxy‐3‐hydroxy‐phenylglycine [(S)‐4C3HPG] were examined. Intracerebroventricular injection of (S)‐4C3HPG dose‐dependently antagonized audiogenic‐induced clonic and tonic convulsions in DBA/2 mice with ED60 values of 76 and 110‐nmol per mouse, respectively. (S)‐4C3HPG dose‐dependently inhibited the spontaneously evoked epileptic spikes in a cingulate cortex‐corpus callosum slice preparation. (SJ‐4C3HPG displaced the binding of [3H]glutamate in membranes prepared from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells expressing the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1a with an EC50 of 5 β 1 uM. (S)‐4C3HPG dose‐dependently antagonized glutamate‐stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in BHK cells expressing mGluR 1a with an IC50 of 15 β 3 μM. (S)‐4C3HPG was, however, an agonist at mGluR2 with an EC60 of 21 β 4 μM for inhibition of forskolin‐stimulated cyclic AMP formation in BHK cells expressing the mGluR2. (S)‐4C3HPG had no effects at mGluR4a. These data suggest that the anticonvulsant action of (S)‐4C3HPG is mediated by combined antagonism of mGluRIa and agonism of mGluR2. These results suggest the importance of mGluR1a and/or mGluR2 in the control of epileptic activity.
Malaria, sexual development and transmission: retrospect and prospect

SUMMARY It is difficult to recapture the excitement of recent research into the malaria parasites. Plasmodium has shown itself to be a most elegant, resourceful and downright devious cell. To reveal any of its manifold secrets is a hard-won privilege. The thrill of this intellectual endeavour, however, has to be tempered by the realism that we have made unremarkable progress in attacking malaria in the field, where it remains almost as omnipresent as it ever was in the 19th and 20th centuries, and both the parasite and vector have become more difficult to control than ever before. This personal view looks back at the significant progress made, and forward to the challenges of the future, focusing on work on sexual development.
Ribbed Mussels and Spartina Alterniflora Production in a New England Salt Marsh

The ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa, is commonly found associated with the salt marsh cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora. Mussels attach to the basal portion of S. alterniflora stems with strong proteinaceous byssal threads and deposit fecal material on the surrounding sediment as a byproduct of their filter-feeding activity. Here I demonstrate by manipulating mussel densities in the field that the presence of G. demissa stimulates S. alterniflora growth, and examine experimentally a number of potential mechanisms of this facilitation. In the natural habitat, mussel density is positively correlated with increased grass height, biomass, and flowering, and experimental removal and addition of mussels in these habitats demonstrates that mussels stimulate both aboveground and belowground S. alterniflora production. In tall-form S. alterniflora habitat, net primary production is positively correlated with mussel density and soil nitrogen levels. Experiments in this habitat show that mussels increase soil nitrogen, and this increase in nutrients would appear to be responsible for stimulating S. alterniflora growth. On the seaward edge of the marsh, net primary production is strongly correlated with mussel density, but not soil nutrients. On the marsh edge, mussels are shown to bind sediments and prevent erosion and physical disturbance. The relationship between S. alterniflora and G. demissa appears to represent a facultative mu- tualism that leads to increased marsh net primary production and stability. While previous research has shown that S. alterniflora production increases G. demissa growth and reproductive success, G. demissa also has strong stimulating effects on S. alterniflora. Nonconsumer plant-animal interactions such as the G. demissa-S. alterniflora association are potentially important determinants of marsh growth, stability, and community structure that have not been previously appreciated.
Optimal Roadside Gateway Deployment for VANETs

VANETs allowing the mobile vehicles exchange data with the roadside gateways are being used in various applications such as local electronic advertisement, intelligent transportation system and urban data collection. In this paper, we study the problem of deploying the gateways to provide the desired communication performance while minimizing the deployment cost. The key idea of our solution is to exploit the time-stable vehicular mobility pattern to find the optimal deployment places. We propose a graph model to characterize the observed mobility pattern. Then the gateway deployment problem is transformed into a vertex selection problem in a graph. By reducing it the minimum vertex coverage problem, we show the gateway deployment problem is NP-complete, so a heuristic algorithm MobGDeploy is proposed to search greedily the optimal deployment points. Extensive simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance, and the results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms others. Streszczenie. W artykule analizowano problem rozlokowania wjazdow w celu osiągniecia poządanej jakości komunikacji. Przyjeto zalozenie stabilnej czasowo mobilności pojazdow. Zaproponowano model grafu do opisu mobilności pojazdow. Wykorzystano metode VANET - vehicular ad hoc network. (Optymalne rozlokowanie wjazdow dla systemu VANET)
The sequence of a 24 152 bp segment from the left arm of chromosome XIV from Saccharomyces cerevisiae between the BNI1 and the POL2 genes

In the framework of the European Union programme for sequencing the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae we have determined the nucleotide sequence of a region of 24 152 bp located on the left arm of chromosome XIV between the BNI1 and the POL2 genes. The sequence was obtained by directed sequence analysis using a mixture of ExoIII and primer walking strategies. Subsequent analysis revealed 13 open reading frames (ORFs) including four small ORFs completely internal to, or partly overlapping with, other ORFs. Five of these ORFs have been described previously (BNI1, APL1, LYP1, PIK1, POL2) and thus 74·8% of the 24 152 bp were already present in the databases prior to this sequencing effort. Interestingly, all 13 identified ORFs are characterized by a low codon adaptation index (0·04–0·22). In addition, this region of chromosome XIV shows an unusually high gene density with about 88% of coding DNA. This amounts to one gene per 2177 bp, which is significantly above the average gene length (about 1500 bp). For eight ORFs considerable homologies to ‘Expressed Sequence Tags’ derived from human cDNAs located in the XREF database could be identified. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 24 152 bp segment has been deposited in the EMBL data library under the Accession Number X92494.
The feed intake and liveweight responses of hinds and calves grazing leaf turnip or pasture during late lactation

In breeding hind systems, summer is often a period when feed quality and quantity may compromise lactation in the hind and growth of the calf. The growth and feed intake of calves and hinds offered the leaf turnip Pasja were compared to those on a perennial pasture. Calves consumed 1.0 kg forage DM/head/d on pasture and 0.77 kg DM/d on Pasja. The higher digestibility of Pasja meant that the metabolisable energy intake of Pasja was only 1.7 MJ ME/head/d lower than pasture. Hinds grazing pasture consumed 4.8 kg DM/head/d compared with 3.7 kg DM/head/d when fed Pasja. The digestibility of the two diets was not significantly different resulting in an energy intake that was 13.2 MJ ME/d or 33% higher in pasture fed hinds. The weaning weight of calves was 58.3 and 55.2 kg on pasture and the Pasja crop respectively having gained 19.1 and 16.9 kg respectively. Using brassicas to shift feed of high quality from late spring into summer will be best suited to dry environments where the quantity and quality of pasture may not be able to meet the requirements of the lactating hind and her calf.
Multiport Reactive Loading Matching Technique for Wide Band Antenna Applications Using the Theory of Characteristic Modes

A systematic framework is presented for designing an antenna with arbitrary shape and expanding its input impedance and pattern bandwidths using reactive loading. This method, unlike other design procedures, allows us to control the current distribution over the antenna structure with potentially fine granularity. This technique is applied to wire and microstrip antennas and it is shown to achieve a very good impedance and radiation pattern performance over the desired band. The loads are combination of Foster and non-Foster elements, which are generally required to obtain such dramatically improved performance.