Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Assessment of Changes Induced by Malting on the Proximate Composition and Amino Acid Profile of Three Classes of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Grains.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of malting on the proximate composition and amino acid profile of locally available sorghum types (local, improved and hybrid). Each sorghum type was subjected to malting after which they were analyzed. The proximate composition of the samples revealed that malting gave rise to the enhancement of protein and crude fibre content while there were reduction in the concentration of fat, ash and carbohydrate. The highest value of protein content was found in the malted Hybrid-A and Hybrid-B with an equal value of 11.45 g/100 g sample while the highest crude fibre content was found in the malted pelipeli (local sorghum type) with a value of 2.54 g/100g sample. Virtually all the amino acids (essential and non-essential) increased in value as a result of the malting process. The total essential amino acids (TEAA) in the malted sorghum grains ranged between 335.5 and 348.1 mg/g protein which fell short of the minimum recommended 35% for the maintenance of optimum human health. The quantity of each amino acid in both unmalted and malted sorghum grains respectively from different classes of the cereal was, to a great extent, not significantly different (p<0.05). The amino acid profile therefore serves as an indicator of knowing the extent of complementarity with other protein-rich plant sources in case of using the malted sorghum grains in food formulation.
Evaluation of Mobile Communications : From Voice Calls to Ubiquitous Multimedia Group Communications

Today, mobile communications play a central role in the voice/data network arena. With the deployment of 3G just around the corner, new directions are already being researched. In this paper we address the evolution of mobile communications, from its first generation, 1G, to the latest 3G, and give a glimpse of the foreseeable future of Beyond 3G (B3G). In the latter case, we evaluate B3G scenarios in terms of network heterogeneity, migration to B3G, mobility over heterogeneous networks, and real-time multimedia communications in mobile environments.
Why don't governments need trade unions anymore? The death of social pacts in Ireland and Italy

During the 1990s, a prominent strategy of economic adjustment to the challenges ofcompetitivenessandbudgetary retrenchmentamongthenon-corporatist countries of Europe was the negotiation of social pacts. Since the onset of the great recession and the Eurozone crisis, social pacts have been conspicuous by their absence. Why have unions not been invited into government buildings to negotiate paths of economic adjustment in the countries hardest hit by the crisis? Drawing on empirical experiences from Ireland and Italy—two cases on which much of the social pact literature concentrated—this article attributes the exclusion of unions to their declining legitimacy. Unions in the new European periphery have lost the capacity either to threaten governments with the stick of protest or to seduce policymakers with the carrot ofproblem-solving.Theyarenowseenasanarrow interest group likeanyother.
Frequency of Post-Operative Hypotony in 23 Gauge and 25 Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Advanced Diabetic Eye Disease

Purpose: To compare the frequency of post-operative hypotony between 23G PPV and 25G PPV in advanced diabetic eye disease. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from 7th April 2016 to 6th October 2016. Methods: Total 100 cases of advanced diabetic eye disease with age ranging from 25 – 65 years and either gender were selected. Patients with nystagmus and claustrophobia, lamellar macular holes, epiretinal membrane and neovascular glaucoma were excluded. Patients were divided by lottery method into 2 groups. Data of the patient i.e. name, age, sex, patient’s registration number and address was recorded. Every patient had detailed preoperative work-up; including best corrected visual acuity by Snellen’s chart, intraocular pressure by applanation tonometer, indirect ophthalmoscopy and B-scan for retinal status. Group A underwent 23G PPV and group B underwent 25G PPV. Patients were followed after 24 hours of surgery to measure intraocular pressure to access hypotony. Results: Mean age of patients in group A was 50.16 ± 10.40 years and in group B was 50.26 ± 9.91 years. Out of 100 patients 57 (57.0%) were females and 43 (43.0%) were males, with female to male ratio of 1.1:1. Post-operative hypotony was seen in 24 (48.0%) patients with 23G PPV and 02 (4.0%) patients with 25G PPV (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of post-operative hypotony in 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy was higher as compared to 25G Pars Plana Vitrectomy in advanced diabetic eye disease. Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Hypotony.
Financial performance of PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk period 2018-2019

Financial performance of PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk period 2018-2019 Muhammad Ichsan Siregar, H. Abdullah Saggaf , Rifani Akbar Sulbahri, Mohammad Aryo Arifin, Muhammad Hidayat, Firmansyah Arifin Universitas Sriwijaya, Universitas Tridinanti, Universitas PGRI ichsansiregar@fe.unsri. ac.id, abdullahsaggaf@fe.unsri. ac.id, rifaniakbar.sulbahri@univtridinanti.ac.id, aryoarifin@univpgri-palembang.ac.id, muhammadhidayat@fe.unsri. ac.id, firmansyah.arifin@ymail.com
A Study of Gamification Techniques in Mathematics Education

Introduction and Overview of Literature Mathematics is an extraordinarily broad field, and the creativity that is inherent in mathematical study is poorly conveyed by the often conventional educational methods used to teach it. The typical approach of being shown concepts and being expected to apply the learned concepts in problem-solving is often reported by students to be boring, dry, and repetitive; many students fail to understand the truly free and explorative nature of what mathematics study at the post-secondary level is like. Although effective for achieving standards for standardized testing, if educators do not make it a priority to otherwise convey the applications for mathematics, students often apply these same negative labels to math itself as well. Instead, throughout my math education experience I have found many of my classmates looking forward to the games that they will play during breaks.
Connecting atomistic and experimental estimates of ideal strength

The ideal strength is the minimum stress required to plastically deform an infinite defect-free crystal and is an upper bound to the strength of a real crystal. Disturbingly, however, the best available experimental estimates of the ideal strengths of tungsten and molybdenum are 25-50 % above the values predicted by recent ab initio density-functional calculations. This work resolves this discrepancy by extending the theoretical calculations to account for the triaxial state of stress seen in the nanoindentation experiments and by adjusting the experimental values to account for the crystallography of loading and the nonlinearity of the elastic response at large strains. Although an implicit assumption in many discussions of mechanical properties is that the ideal strength is not experimentally observable, as the true strength of most materials is limited by lattice defects, the close agreement between corrected experimental and theoretical estimates of ideal strength suggests that the ideal strength of some materials can be observed directly using nanoindentation.
The Influence of Strategy in Achieving Institutional Performance in Secondary Schools of Selected Counties in Kenya

: This thesis objective was to find out the influence of strategy in achieving institutional performance in secondary schools of selected counties in Kenya. This was measured by school mean score in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education. The researcher examined both secondary data from websites and journals with the primary data directly collected by closed ended questionnaire from the field. The key variable was the strategy as the independent variable and institutional performance as dependent variable. This was measured in terms of, school mean score in National examinations. The research adopted a cross sectional research design of survey type. Firsthand information from the respondents was obtained by use of questionnaire. The target population consisted of 350 respondents comprising of principals, deputy principals, and directors of studies and Heads of Department of mathematics, languages, humanities and sciences. However, 259 respondents were collected and response rate was therefore 74%. The validity was done to establish the influence of strategy in achieving institutional performance with. Cronbach’s alpha value of strategy having posted 0. 795.The institutional performance variable was tested for normality using the Kolmogorov- Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test and it was established to be normal since the p value of 0.141 was obtained. The strategy was regressed on institutional performance and the R-value was 0.581, the R square was 0.337 and the adjusted R square was 0.335 for strategy implying that strategy was able to explain 33.5 % of the variations in institutional performance. The correlation between strategy and institutional performance was 0.581that was significant at p= 0.000 implying a strong positive relationship and therefore statistically significant influence of strategy on institutional performance. This study confirmed that the strategy had a significant influence on the performance of secondary schools in selected counties in Kenya.
The Feldstein-Horioka Hypothesis: Co-Integration and Causality Results for Selected Countries

This study investigates the validity of the Feldstein-Horioka hypothesis, which suggests that with perfect world capital mobility there should be no correlation between domestic savings and domestic investment, for the Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Nicaragua, and Panama. Results from â€˜boundsâ€™ test for co-integration for all five countries confirm the presence of a long-run association between domestic savings rates and domestic investment rates, and thus failing to support the Feldstein-Horioka theory. However, Pairwise Granger tests for the first four countries do not show any causal linkages between domestic savings and domestic investment and in the case of Panama the evidence shows bi-directional causality between the two variables.
Variable Stiffness Identification and Configuration Optimization of Industrial Robots for Machining Tasks

Industrial robots are increasingly being used in machining tasks because of their high flexibility and intelligence. However, the low structural stiffness of a robot significantly affects its positional accuracy and the machining quality of its operation equipment. Studying robot stiffness characteristics and optimization methods is an effective method of improving the stiffness performance of a robot. Accordingly, aiming at the poor accuracy of stiffness modeling caused by approximating the stiffness of each joint as a constant, a variable stiffness identification method is proposed based on space gridding. Subsequently, a task-oriented axial stiffness evaluation index is proposed to quantitatively assess the stiffness performance in the machining direction. In addition, by analyzing the redundant kinematic characteristics of the robot machining system, a configuration optimization method is further developed to maximize the index. For numerous points or trajectory-processing tasks, a configuration smoothing strategy is proposed to rapidly acquire optimized configurations. Finally, experiments on a KR500 robot were conducted to verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed stiffness identification and configuration optimization methods.
Layout Planning as a Consistent Labelling Optimization Problem

D. Navinchandra David H. Marks Intelligent Engineering Systems Laboratory Department of Civil Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge , Massachusetts , U.S.A. ABSTRACT Over the past decade the consistent labeling problem has received considerable interest in Artificial Intelligence. In particular, machine vision, cryptography and theorem proving. Many algorithms have been developed for solving consistent labeling problems. A majority of these algorithms are based on heuristic search. Techniques such as constraint propagation and forward checking have been used to reduce search effort.
A CONVEX AND SELECTIVE VARIATIONAL MODEL FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION

Selective image segmentation is the task of extracting one object of interest from an image, based on minimal user input. Recent level set based variational models have shown to be effective and reliable, although they can be sensitive to initialization due to the minimization problems being nonconvex. This sometimes means that successful segmentation relies too heavily on user input or a solution found is only a local minimizer, i.e. not the correct solution. The same principle applies to variational models that extract all objects in an image (global segmentation); however, in recent years, some have been successfully reformulated as convex optimization problems, allowing global minimizers to be found. There are, however, problems associated with extending the convex formulation to the current selective models, which provides the motivation for the proposal of a new selective model. In this paper we propose a new selective segmentation model, combining ideas from global segmentation, that can be reformulated in a convex way such that a global minimizer can be found independently of initialization. Numerical results are given that demonstrate its reliability in terms of removing the sensitivity to initialization present in previous models, and its robustness to user input.
Prediction of Electricity Generation in Nigeria using Exponential Regression and Cobb-Douglas Models

This study presents prediction of electricity generation in Nigeria using two different statistical models, namely; exponential regression and Cobb-Douglas models. Rainfall and temperature were used as the explanatory variables. Data on electricity generation in Nigeria between 2002 and 2014 were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin while Data on rainfall and temperature between 2002 and 2014 were extracted from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) abstract. Test of model fitness and forecasting accuracy were done using generic statistical approach which include coefficient of determination and root mean square error. The prediction accuracy of the two statistical models was compared and the best model was selected. The best model was then used to forecast electric power generation in Nigeria for the next fifteen years (2015-2029). Among the two statistical models, Cobb-Douglas model was selected as the best model as it gave the highest value of coefficient of determination (r2=99.85%) and the least Root Mean Square Error (48.57%). Furthermore, the Cobb-Douglas model was used to forecast the electric power generation from 2015 to 2029. The forecasted data shows that power generation in Nigeria in 2029 will stand at 3446.85MWh as against the value of 3249MWh in 2014.
Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik Rewriting of Higher-Order-Meta-Expressions with Recursive Bindings

We introduce rewriting of meta-expressions which stem from a meta-language that uses higher-order abstract syntax augmented by meta-notation for recursive let, contexts, sets of bindings, and chain variables. Additionally, three kinds of constraints can be added to metaexpressions to express usual constraints on evaluation rules and program transformations. Rewriting of meta-expressions is required for automated reasoning on programs and their properties. A concrete application is a procedure to automatically prove correctness of program transformations in higher-order program calculi which may permit recursive let-bindings as they occur in functional programming languages. Rewriting on meta-expressions can be performed by solving the so-called letrec matching problem which we introduce. We provide a matching algorithm to solve it. We show that the letrec matching problem is NP-complete, that our matching algorithm is sound and complete, and that it runs in non-deterministic polynomial time.
Lightweight soft neuroprosthetic hand

Mainly composed of electrical motors and sophisticated mechanical components, existing neuroprosthetic hands1,2 are typically heavy (>400 g) and expensive (>USD 10,000), and they lack the compliance and tactile feedback of human hands. These limitations hamper neuroprosthetic hands’ innovation and broad utility for amputees3-5. Here we report the design, fabrication and applications of a lightweight (292 g) and potentially low-cost (component cost below USD 500) soft neuroprosthetic hand with simultaneous myoelectric control and tactile feedback. The soft neuroprosthetic hand consists of five soft fingers and a palm to give six active degrees of freedom under pneumatic actuation, four electromyography sensors that measure the surface electromyogram signals to control the hand to deliver four common grasp types, and five hydrogel-elastomer capacitive sensors on the fingertips that measure the touch pressure and elicit electrical stimulation on the skin of the residual limb. The soft finger is made of a fiber-reinforced elastomeric structure embedded with rigid segments to mimic the soft-joint/rigid-bone anatomy of the human finger. We use a set of standardized tests6 to compare the speed and dexterity of the soft neuroprosthetic hand and a conventional rigid neuroprosthetic hand7 on two transradial amputees. The soft neuroprosthetic hand gives overall superior performances to the rigid hand. We further demonstrate that one transradial amputee wearing the soft neuroprosthetic hand can regain the versatile hand functions with primitive touch sensation and real-time closed-loop control in daily activities such as handling tools, eating, shaking hands, petting animals, and recognizing touch pressure. This work not only represents a new paradigm for designing soft neuroprosthetic devices but also opens an avenue to widespread applications of lightweight, low-cost, and compliant hand replacements for amputees.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Children: A Review

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a life-consuming ailment with a variable but progressive course. CKD, in particular, the end stage kidney disease (ESKD) affects multiple body systems complexed with secondary complications that significantly and adversely affect the growth, development and quality of life. Although uncommon in children, CKD poses unique challenges to the health care delivery system to manage the primary renal disorders and extrarenal manifestations of CKD along with a heavy socioeconomic burden. Despite the availability of better management tools, there is a rise in incidence and prevalence of pediatric CKD for which wide range short- and long-term planning is inevitable that will lure the medicos to acquire the advanced nephrological training and skills, besides providing quality infrastructure and sustained socio-economic support. Our review is aimed to provide recent advances regarding the evaluation and management of pediatric CKD and its complications.
In Vitro Investigation of The Cytotoxic Activity of E35 on Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines

Background: Bortezomib is used for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM); however, it has significant adverse effects. Emodin has been reported to exhibit inhibitory effects on MM cell lines. Here, we investigated the efficacy of E35, an emodin derivative, using U266 and MM1s cell lines in the treatment of MM and the efficacy of the combination of bortezomib and E35. Methods: MTT assays were used to observe the effects of E35 on MM cell growth. The effects on cellular apoptosis were observed using the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining assay. The expression of apoptosis-related genes, including the caspase family, was also examined. The efficacy of the combination of bortezomib and E35 was investigated by examining the expression of the Akt/mTOR/4EBP1 signaling pathway-related proteins. Results: We found that E35 inhibited the growth of the U266 and MM1s cells by inducing cellular apoptosis. E35 also downregulated the expression of the apoptosis-related genes and suppressed the phosphorylation of the Akt/mTOR/4EBP1 signaling pathway-related genes, exhibiting synergistic effects with bortezomib. All the observed effects were dose-dependent. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that E35 exhibited cytotoxic effects in MM cell lines. Thus, E35, especially in combination with bortezomib, may be considered as a promising treatment for MM. However, this requires further investigation in vivo.
Gratitude and Prosocial Behaviour Among Preservice Preschool Teachers: Their Significance in the Future Educational Work

Considering the significance of preschool teacher’s influence on children by their overall behaviour, this research focuses on their personality characteristics and positive emotions, such as gratitude associated with good wishes and tendency to do something positive too, i.e. prosocial behaviour. Therefore, the main question of this study was to explore gratitude and prosocial behaviour among preservice preschool tachers, and to analyse the relationship between their gratitude, prosocial behaviour and academic year and age. Results on a sample of 96 Early and Preschool care and Education students have showed higher levels of gratitude and prosocial behaviour among students who participated in this study. In addition, the significant positive correlation between gratitude, prosocial behaviour and students’ age has been determined. These findings have been discussed within the frame of preschool education students’ future role as preschool teachers who would be the significant ones in preschool children’s lives.
Partially Adaptive and Robust Estimation of Asset Models: Accommodating Skewness and Kurtosis in Returns

Robust regression estimation deals with selecting estimators that have desirable statistical properties when applied to data drawn from a wide range of distributional characteristics. Ideally, robust estimators are insensitive to small departures from the assumed distributions and hopefully would be unbiased and have variances close to estimators based on the true distribution. The approach explored in this paper is to select an estimator based on a flexible distribution which includes, for example, the normal as a limiting case. Thus, the corresponding estimator can accommodate normally distributed data as well as data having significant skewness and kurtosis. In the case when an assumed distribution over-parameterizes the true distribution, the variance of the estimator is larger than necessary, but often the increases are modest and much smaller than assuming a model which does not include the true distribution. The selection of a flexible probability distribution can impact the efficiency and biasedness of the corresponding robust estimator. Knowing the relations among potential distributions can lead to a better estimator that improves efficiency, avoids bias, and reduces the impact of misspecification.