Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of a hollow density profile on turbulent particle fluxes: Gyrokinetic and fluid simulations

Hollow density profiles may occur in connection with pellet fuelling and L to H transitions. A positive density gradient could potentially stabilize the turbulence or change the relation between convective and diffusive fluxes, thereby reducing the turbulent transport of particles towards the center, making the pellet fuelling scheme inefficient. In the present work, the particle transport driven by Ion Temperature Gradient/Trapped Electron (ITG/TE) mode turbulence in hollow density profiles is studied by fluid as well as gyrokinetic simulations. The fluid model used, an extended version of the Weiland transport model, Extended Drift Wave Model (EDWM), incorporates an arbitrary number of ion species in a multi-fluid description and an extended wavelength spectrum. The fluid model, which is fast and hence suitable for use in predictive simulations, is compared to gyrokinetic simulations using the code GENE. Typical tokamak parameters are used based on the Cyclone Base Case. Parameter scans in key plasma parameters like plasma β, R/LT, and magnetic shear are investigated. In addition, the effects of a fast species are studied and global ITG simulations in a simplified physics description are performed in order to investigate nonlocal effects. It is found that β in particular, has a stabilizing effect in the negative R/Ln region. Both nonlinear GENE and EDWM simulations show a decrease in inward flux for negative R/Ln and a change in the direction from inward to outward for positive R/Ln. Moreover, the addition of fast particles was shown to decrease the inward main ion particle flux in the positive gradient region further. This might have serious consequences for pellet fuelling of high β plasmas. Additionally, the heat flux in global ITG turbulence simulations indicates that nonlocal effects can play a different role from usual in connection with pellet fuelling.
SIZE AND DENSITY OF NON-ERODIBLE AGGREGATES IN SEDIMENTS OF SELECTED GULLIES AT NORTHERN IRAQ

The objective of this study was to determine the morphometric characteristics and sediment size distribution as affected by position witin the gullies at northern region of Iraq. The plan area, maximum depression depth, maximum length L and severity index for each gully unit were measured. The size distribution of each gully unit was analyzed mechanically for major grain size fractions and were characterized statistically using various type of statistical measures (median size, sorting, and skewness). The results showed that the addition of finer/coarse materials in 1 st and 2 nd catchments was deposited under the prevailing low and high energy conditions respectively. Moreover the ability of the surface soil to accept the accelerated erosion, in these catchments was related to the stability of aggregates to the shearing force of running water. On the basis of this assumption, we can be expected that, the soil loss in the 1 st gully catchment was greater than compared to 2nd, and it seems that the morphometric characteristics and sediment-grain size distribution alone would be insufficient for predicting soil loss from gullies.
TOXICOLGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF SOME RECOMMENDED AND ALTERNATIVE COMPOUNDS ON COTTON LEAFWORM Spodoptera littoralis (BOISD) (LEPIDOPTERA:NOCTUIDE) IN COTTON FIELDS.

Field and laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the two insect growth (IGRs), lufenuron and teflubenzuron, antifeedant compoundindoxacab, miniral oil(Kz oil), compound Protecto, Bacillus thuringinsis(Bt)and Dursban, chlorpyrifos against the larvae of cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis(Boisd.). Field experiment conducted during 2013 and 2014 seasons at KafrSakrregion, SharkyiaGovernorate, Egypt. Results revealed that,chlorpyrifos recordedhighest initial reduction (89.38 and 88.39%), residual mean (88.52 and 87.72%) and annual mean (87.74 and 87.37%) onSpodoptera littoralis during the two successive seasons, respectively. In regarding to the biochemical activites of treated larvae in laboratory the all tested compoundsdisruptedthe testedactivities. The highest effect on the total soluble protein as specific activity( SA) of 40.57 mg/g.bwt recorded for 4 th instar larvae treated with LC50 concentration of chlorpyrifose and sampled after 3 days of treatment, while the highest reduction in relative activity (RA%) of 54.15% recorded for larvae treated with LC50 concentration of Betavant and sampled after 3 days also. The tested compounds at selected concentrations of LC25 and LC50 also disrupted GOT and GPT activities of treated larvae where the highest GOT as SA (2574.33±30.4 u * 10g.sbwt) recorded for larvae treated with LC25 concentration and sampled after 3 days of treatment, while the highest relative activity RA% -43.36%was exhibited in case of after 7 days of treat.the larvae treated with chlorpyrifose and sampled . The highest effect on GPT as SA (711.33±5.2 u *10 g. bwt) was recorded for larvae treated with Komatch at concentration of LC25and sampled at 3rd days of treatment, while the highest relative activity% -64.05 recorded for larvae treated with LC50 concentration of Betavant and sampled at 3 rd day of treatment also. Inregarding to the effect of tested compounds on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes;invertase, trehalase and amylase determined as μg glucose/min g.bwt/days. The highest values were 405.679±9.03, 222.33±7.26 and 123±3.31 recorded for larvae treated with LC25of Kz oil, LC50 of Kz oil and LC25 of Betavant sampled at 3 rd day of treatment for invertase, trehalase and amylase enzymes,respectively.On the other hand, the highest relative activity RA% of -0.53, -0.44 and -0.61 were recorded for larvae treated with LC50 of Nomult (at 3days of treatment), LC25 of Nomult (at 3 rd day of treatment) and LC50 of Kz oil (at 7 days of treatment) that for invertase, trehalase and amylase, respectively.
Design and Implementation of Five Level Inverter based MPPT Using Self Lift SEPIC Converter

The conventional power conditioning units require a DC-DC converter followed by an inverter circuit to deliver the required power to the load. This increases the required power conversion stages, system cost, size and reduces the overall system efficiency. Therefore, to maximize the efficiency of the renewable energy system, it is necessary to track the maximum power point of the input source. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of incremental conductance (IncCond) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) using Multi level Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) converter and compared its performance with self lift SEPIC converter. The solar panel model is developed using the basic circuit equations of photovoltaic cell. The MPP of a solar panel varies with irradiation and temperature. The IncCond algorithm is used to track the maximum power from the solar panel. The unregulated voltage from the panel will be regulated by using the Multi level SEPIC at the same time it can also supply the medium voltage and high voltage loads. The efficiency of the Multi level SEPIC converter over the self lift SEPIC converter has been tested by using Matlab/Simulink.
Does the Acquisition of Mines Benefit Resource-Importing Countries?

Using a simple two-period model, this paper examines the effects of the acquisition of mines/resources by a final goods producer located in a resource-importing country on resource prices in both the first (the present) and second (the future) periods, profits of firms, and welfare. We find that an increase in the mines owned by a final goods producer can increase the resource price in the first period and/or, interestingly, the second period. The strategic behavior of a resource-extracting firm located in a resource-exporting country produces this result. Whether the resource price increases in either period depends on the demand structure for the final goods and the resource supply condition of the final goods producer which owns the mines in the second period. We also consider three extended situations: joint exploration, entry of speculators, and the case of a non-committed investment.
Experimental Evaluation of Algorithmic Effort Estimation Models using Projects Clustering

One of the most important aspects of software project management is the estimation of cost and time required for running information system. Therefore, software managers try to carry estimation based on behavior, properties, and project restrictions. Software cost estimation refers to the process of development requirement prediction of software system. Various kinds of effort estimation patterns have been presented in recent years, which are focused on intelligent techniques. This study made use of clustering approach for estimating required effort in software projects. The effort estimation is carried out through SWR (StepWise Regression) and MLR (Multiple Linear Regressions) regression models as well as CART (Classification And Regression Tree) method. The performance of these methods is experimentally evaluated using real software projects. Moreover, clustering of projects is applied to the estimation process. As indicated by the results of this study, the combination of clustering method and algorithmic estimation techniques can improve the accuracy of estimates. Index Terms — Kmeans clustering, regression, MLR, SWR, CART
Evaluation of Antibacterial Potentiality of a Cyclopenta Naphthalene Tetraol Terpenoid Isolated from Curcuma caesia Roxb.

The assessment of antibacterial potentiality of 2,3,4,8a,9,9a-hexamethyl-2,3,3a,4,4a,5,8,8a,9,9a – decahydro - 1H – cyclopenta [b] naphthalene -1,2,3a,4a-tetraol was the primary objective of this paper followed by its physicochemical characterization. Chemical characterisation of 2, 3, 4, 8a, 9, 9a-hexamethyl-2,3,3a,4,4a,5,8,8a,9,9a-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta [b] naphthalene-1,2,3a,4a-tetraol was done through UV, IR (FT-IR), HRMS and NMR spectroscopic techniques. Assessment of its antibacterial activity was performed using agar cup method and disc diffusion assay respectively. The antibacterial compound was terpenoid in nature and identified as 2, 3, 4, 8a, 9, 9a-hexamethyl-2,3,3a,4,4a,5,8,8a,9,9a-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta [b] naphthalene-1,2,3a,4a-tetraol. The MIC values tested against different plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria are different. The MIC values of this compound was 365 μg/ml, 274 μg/ml, 389 μg/ml, 443 μg/ml tested against the bacterium Serratia marcescens, Erwinia herbicola, Xanthomonas sp. and Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus respectively. Best of our knowledge this was the first report of presence of 2, 3, 4, 8a, 9, 9a-hexamethyl-2, 3, 3a, 4, 4a, 5, 8, 8a, 9, 9a-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta [b] naphthalene-1,2,3a,4a-tetraol in plants. Due to its antibacterial property it may function in plant defense or commercialize as an ecofriendly crop protectant.
DESIGNING A VACCINE FOR CANCER: A LOOK INTO DENDRITIC CELL CANCER VACCINE

The fundamental premise behind clinical approaches for dendritic cell-mediated immunization in cancer is that the limiting defect in natural antitumor immunity is at the level of antigen presentation. In contrast to vaccines for the prevention of infections, cancer vaccines are administered in a therapeutic mode, to eradicate antigen-bearing tumor cells already present in the host. Over the decades, the identification of antigens that can serve as targets for immune effectors has resulted in a profusion of strategies for activating tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Therapeutic vaccines, unlike prophylactic vaccines for the prevention of infections, all share some basic attributes, the presence of target antigens, and a method for delivering the antigen into the antigen-presentation machinery in conjunction with other molecules required to provide T-and/or B-cell activation.
Non-opioid analgesic options

The provision of safe and effective perioperative analgesia forms one of the cornerstones of anaesthetic practice. Traditionally this has been achieved with a mix of paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids. Opioids have formed the backbone of our analgesic strategy for a number of years and can provide excellent analgesia. However the side-effect profile of these drugs can prove unsatisfactory. It is also important to be cognizant of the potential for abuse and addiction associated with even the short-term use of opioid analgesics. A cohort study in the British Medical Journal demonstrated that almost 50% of patients were discharged home with opioid prescriptions after elective surgery and that 3% of them were still taking opioids 90 days after surgery.1 Rates of opioid use and addiction are not known in South Africa but with thousands of patients undergoing surgery annually it cannot be assumed that we are immune to the problems of opioid abuse. As such the use of non-opioid and non-traditional analgesics is gaining traction.
Kinetic equilibration rates for granular media and related equations: entropy dissipation and mass transportation estimates

The long-time asymptotics of certain nonlinear , nonlocal, diffusive equations with a gradient flow structure are analyzed. In particular, a result of Benedetto, Caglioti, Carrillo and Pulvirenti [4] guaranteeing eventual relaxation to equilibrium velocities in a spatially homogencous model of granular flow is extended and quantified by computing explicit relaxation rates. Our arguments rely on establishing generalizations of logarithmic Sobolev inequalities and mass transportation inequalities, via either the Bakry-Emery method or the abstract approach of Otto and Villani [28].
Cellular Neural Networks for Medical Image Noise Cancellation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

In this paper, a novel method for designing templates of cellular neural networks (CNNs) is discussed to cancel the image noise. The discretetime cellular neural network (DTCNN) combining with particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to medical image noise cancellation. Computed tomography is familiar diagnosis in medical field, and it is often polluted by outside interference. Based on PSO method, the templates of cellular neural network is optimized to diminish noise interference in polluted medical computed tomography image. The demonstrated examples are presented to illustrate the effective results of the proposed methodology.
The Bidirectional Relationship between Cholesterol and Macrophage Polarization

Whether an atherosclerotic plaque progresses and eventually ruptures is heavily influenced by the function of macrophages. However, it is clear that a spectrum of macrophage phenotypes is present in the plaque, with some exhibiting stabilizing functions. While macrophages expressing characteristic M1 and M2 markers are evident, the disparate microenvironments of the plaque, such as regions of hemorrhage, promote other distinct macrophage phenotypes. Crucial to plaque development and progression is macrophage exposure to accumulated modified low density lipoproteins that leads to foam cell formation and development of the necrotic core. There are a range of biologically active compounds in low density lipoprotein (LDL) each having some bearing on which macrophage surface receptors are engaged and what cellular response ensues. Understanding the bidirectional interplay between ‘cholesterol’ and macrophage phenotype will provide valuable insight into key pathways to target which may possibly promote plaque stability by modulating macrophage function.
LIMITS OF ICES AT-2 OBSERVATION FOR ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL INVESTIGATION

ICESat-2(Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite2), slated for launch in 2017, will continue the important observations of ice-sheet elevation change, sea-ice freeboard, and vegetation canopy height begun by ICESat in 2003. Among the other potential applications, ICESat-2 could provide some information about atmospheric aerosol over Polar Regions thanks to the lidar instrument. In this context, it is essential to demonstrate the ICESat-2 capability of providing vertical profiles of the aerosol backscatter coefficient and to define its potentialities and limits. First results of this investigation are reported and will be presented at the conference.
Multiband and Modified Time Based Hysteresis Current Controller for Single Phase Multilevel Inverters

The unmatched dynamic response and wide command-tracking bandwidth of the hysteresis modulation for power electronic converters has been utilized in many power electronics application. The application of hysteresis modulation and the benefits of hysteresis modulation for two- level converters are well known, but the implementation and analysis of this approach to multilevel converters is still under progress. In this paper, the different hysteresis modulation approaches, multi- band and time based approach are implemented for a single phase multilevel converters. The procedure and connections of the proposed techniques are described and compared for tracking the reference signal in order to achieve an optimum switching action, better dynamic behavior and high precision. By using the proposed multilevel hysteresis modulation approaches, the advantages of using numerous available dc potentials in a multilevel inverter have been fully exploited. These hysteresis modulation approaches have been tested for tracking a current reference when applied to a five-level inverter. The corresponding simulation results are presented. This paper provides an useful outline and serves as a reference for the future expansion of hysteresis modulation for different multilevel converters.
Matters of the heart : genetic and molecular characterisation of cardiomyopathies

We performed exome sequencing and a haplotype sharing test on a group of twelve families with autosomal dominant cardiomyopathy and no previous genetic diagnosis in order to identify potentially novel disease genes. Our approach resulted in the identification of the genetic cause of disease in 6/12 families. We found truncating variants in TTN in two dilated cardiomyopathy families, a frame-shift mutation in FLNC and a double missense mutation in FHL2 in two arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy families, and missense variants in the COBL and STARD13 genes in two dilated cardiomyopathy families, respectively, both of which are genes that have not been related to cardiac pathology before. Thorough data-mining suggests a possible role for all of these genes in the disease mechanism of late onset cardiomyopathies. By creating a co-expression network of the five genes using an expression-arraybased bioinformatics database and software created in the department, we show that 100 of the 166 proteins included in our network have been annotated with a potential function in cardiac development and physiology. Of these 100 proteins, 28 are known as disease genes in various types of cardiomyopathy, and a role in sarcomere assembly seems to be the common molecular pathway connecting a large proportion of these genes.
Filling Simple Holes by Using Enhanced Advancing Front Mesh Method (EAFM): Application to a Real Object

Nowadays, the physical object can be constructed in digital representation by reverse engineering process. The process started by collecting the point cloud data point from the surface of 3D object. The non-touch approaches from 3D laser scanner are advantageous because of their high scanning speed, high accuracy, real time application, etc. Object complexity such as glossy surface and shining can lead to deficiencies in the quality of data measure using a 3D scanner which leads to missing data and the formation of holes within the constructed 3D model object. A hole is referred to as simple if it does not have feature vertices except other point which have same connection of data points. This paper utilised the advanced front method (AFM) to create triangle into the simple holes area. The paper then improved the hole filling process for simple holes found on a 3D object or real-world object. In this paper, the enhanced method proposed two new AFM methods to the original method. The method was applied to the 3D object and the problem of finding new point for each triangle creation is solved.
Developing an Algorithm for Securing the Biometric Data Template in the Database

In the current technology advancement, biometric template provides a dependable solution to the problem of user verification in an identity control system. The template is saved in the database during the enrollment and compared with query information in the verification stage. Serious security and privacy concerns can arise, if raw, unprotected data template is saved in the database. An attacker can hack the template information in the database to gain illicit access. A novel approach of encryption-decryption algorithm utilizing a design pattern of Model View Template (MVT) is developed to secure the biometric data template. The model manages information logically, the view shows the visualization of the data, and the template addresses the data migration into pattern object. The established algorithm is based on the cryptographic module of the Fernet key instance. The Fernet keys are combined to generate a multiFernet key to produce two encrypted files (byte and text file). These files are incorporated with Twilio message and securely preserved in the database. In the event where an attacker tries to access the biometric data template in the database, the system alerts the user and stops the attacker from unauthorized access, and cross-verify the impersonator based on the validation of the ownership. Thus, helps inform the users and the authority of, how secure the individual biometric data template is, and provided a high level of the security pertaining the individual data privacy.
Smoke Image Segmentation Based on Color Model

Smoke is the most significant feature in the process of fire, so it’s possible to rely on smoke detection to detect fire. While the smoke image segmentation is the most difficult and also indispensable step in the analysis of smoke image detection. In order to improve its accuracy and effectively exclude the disturbances of non-smoke image, and lower the false alarm rate, it puts forward a kind of smoke image segmentation based on color model. It uses K-means clustering in Lab color space and threshold segmentation in HSV color space, then merges the two results. Finally, it uses the method of shen filter and regional mark to denoise, Experimental results on segmentation of smoke image show that the proposed method is able to segment smoke from the background.
Applied Medical Informatics

Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and includes a wide range of transient forms, including incomplete blood supply to the heart muscle, which cause heart attacks and eventually sudden death. Identifying the main area of the myocardial infarction (MI) is a priority for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Electrocardiogram signal recording is a common method for monitoring cardiac function and widely used for detecting heart attack. In this study, using 10part sections of the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram signal taken from the PhysioNet database, the diagnosis of the infarction was made possible. First, after removing the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal noises, by applying the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the dimensions of the 12-lead electrocardiogram signal were reduced. Then the characteristic vector was created using the statistical properties of the wavelet cross spectrum (WCS) and the resulting wavelet coherence (WCOH) by the cross-wavelet transformation (XWT) method. In the next step, using a support vector machine, which is used as a classifier, the location of the heart attack is detected. The results show that the designed system to detect the incidence of MI has a sensitivity of 96.7% and a precision of 99%.