Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FitCF: Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Fitting Weight Distribution

The traditional collaborative filtering algorithms compute user similarity based on user rating information. Different user has different rating number, so it is limited to provide the same recommendation strategy based on user rating information for all users. In this paper, a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm named FitCF is proposed, where the user similarity is calculated based on user's rating and user multi-attribute. The proposed recommendation method is evaluated on the movie lens datasets. The experimental results show that the method improves the quality of recommendation method.
The 'Typical' Club?: A Configuration Analysis of Scottish Football Clubs

The focus of this paper is the complex relationships amongst ownership, financing, accountability and governance structures on the performance, resilience and perceived value of Scottish professional football clubs. However, there are numerous clubs which would regard themselves as successful without recently, or indeed ever, winning a trophy. For many, avoiding relegation or surviving until the end of the season could constitute success. Many contemporary professional football clubs are now complex businesses, intrinsically concerned with financial matters. Yet it is not uncommon for financially secure clubs to be criticised while the owners of clubs with extreme levels of indebtedness are praised for their commitment. We conceptualise football clubs as boundary objects; organizations that co-exist in different social worlds, serving different functions for those in these social worlds. Football clubs can be seen as spaces where different values/ideas can be translated and exchanged, and therefore the value of a football club is something that a club co-determines through engagement with its key stakeholders. The resilience of a football club is likely to be affected by a combination of different notions of value and the diversity of roles demanded by its network of stakeholders. This suggests that it is the alignment between a clubâ€™s ownership structure, governance mechanisms, accountability and methods of financing and the demands from the social worlds in which it inhabits that will be critical for the success, however defined, of a club.
Adopting NoSQL Databases Using a Quality Attribute Framework and Risks Analysis

NoSQL has emerged in recent years to provide increased scalability and performance, and organizations have a problem in choosing between traditional SQL and NoSQL databases. This research gives software engineers and architects a way to select a NoSQL database for a particular big data environment and domain. It proposes a Quality Attribute Framework and Risk Analysis of NoSQL databases that can measure quality metrics associated with availability and security, which are critical to choosing the right NoSQL database for a given domain and to making better software development and design decisions. The framework will help IT departments align perceived risks of NoSQL database adoption with actual risks, helping IT managers in their database adoption and in the identification of risk factors that affect the new database technologies. The framework developed here will be finalized through a qualitative analysis of risk vectors via surveys of top IT leaders and IT companies.
Photo-Responsive Polymeric Structures Based on Spiropyran

Spiropyrans are one of the most popular classes of photocromic compounds as they are particularly interesting targets for the development of new multifunctional materials that take advantage of their photo-reversible interconversion between two thermodynamically stable states: a spiropyran (SP) form, and a merocyanine (MC) form, which have dramatically different charge, polarity and molecular conformations. In this work, polymer brushes based on spiropyran were synthesised on the interior of micro-capillaries to study the influence of these brushes on solvent flow through a confined space and to determine their sensing capabilities. We demonstrate that using “grafting from” approach we obtain a 3D arrangement of polymer brushes covalently attach to the inner wall of the micro-capillary where the spiropyran moiety has the freedom to open and close in response to light (ultraviolet, white light). This type of manipulation of capillary surface properties using light as the controlled external stimulus holds promise as a means for developing new modes of controlling liquid transport in micro-fluidic devices as well as novel micro-fluidic integrated optical sensors.
Ultrastructural features of Catharanthus roseus leaves infected with cucumber mosaic virus

Catharanthus roseus var. rosea, infected with Malaysian isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-MP), exhibited leaf mosaic, leaf deformation and malformed flowers. Electron microscopic examination of the infected leaf cells revealed significant alteration of the chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells. Large starch grains in necrotic zones and disorganized thylakoid system were the most prominent modifications observed within the chloroplasts of the infected tissues. Meanwhile, membrane-bound vesicles were detected in the vacuoles of the CMV-MP-infected leaf cells. A crystalline array of phytoferritin macromolecules was detected in the chloroplast at 40 days post-inoculation. However, neither single nor aggregate of CMV-MP particles was detected in the cytoplasm due to difficulties in differentiating them from the ribosomes. Nonetheless, structure resembling the inclusion bodies, commonly produced after virus infection, could not be found in the infected leaf cells. Similarly, structure abnormality in the nucleus or mitochondria was also not observed.
Survival probability of larval sprat in response to decadal changes in diel vertical migration behavior and prey abundance in the Baltic Sea

We employed a coupled three‐dimensional biophysical model to explore long‐term inter‐ and intra‐annual variability in the survival of sprat larvae in the Bornholm Basin, a major sprat spawning area in the Baltic Sea. Model scenarios incorporated observed decadal changes in larval diel vertical distribution and climate‐driven abiotic and biotic environmental factors including variability in the abundance of different, key prey species (calanoid copepods) as well as seasonal changes, long‐term trends, and spatial differences in water temperature. Climate forcing affected Baltic sprat larval survival both directly (via changes in temperature) and indirectly (via changes in prey populations). By incorporating observed changes in larval diel vertical migration, decadal changes in modeled and observed survival of Baltic sprat agreed well. Higher larval survival (spawning stock biomass) was predicted in the 1990s compared to the 1980s. After changing their foraging strategy by shifting from mid‐depth, low prey environment to near‐surface waters, first‐feeding larvae encountered much higher rates of prey encounter and almost optimal feeding conditions and had a much higher growth potential. Consequently, larvae were predicted to experience optimal conditions to ensure higher survival throughout the later larval and early juvenile stages. However, this behavioral shift also increased the susceptibility of larvae to unfavorable winddriven surface currents, contributing to the marked increase in interannual variability in recruitment observed during the past decade.
Verification of Component Composition Based on Abstraction Refinement

This paper addresses the state-space explosion problem in the context of verifying component composition.It adapts the counterexample guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR) scheme and proposes a compositional verification approach that the verification of component composition is transformed into local abstraction refinement for individual components participating in the composition in order to reduce analysis complexity.The existential quotient based on equivalence relation is employed to compute the abstraction of each component in component composition,and then the abstraction model for the component composition can be built by composing the existential quotients of components.A compositional validation theorem is proposed and proved, so validating if a generated counterexample is valid and refining the abstraction are all carried out component-wise. This approach does not require the construction of a complete state space of the concrete component composition under verification.
Combination of Treatments in Nonsurgical Facelift Performance to Conduce a Case of Severe Photoaging

Introduction: Combination of techniques enables access to different depths in skin improving performance in nonsurgical face lift. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the combination: intraoral 2940 nm erbium, followed by microneedled radiofrequency and microfocused ultrasound in severe photoaging. Materials and methods: Split-face study assessing combination combination of Intraoral Erbium: Yag Laser (IEL) 2940 nm pro-collagen, Microfocused Ultrasound and Microneedled Radiofrequency (Total Lift). Improvement was evaluated through photographic record. Results: After forty days of one laser treatment, significant improvement of photoaging from baseline was observed. The laser side showed, through the photographic record, great improvement in skin laxity, skin texture and wrinkles. Conclusion: The combination of techniques (Total Lift) is a promising new technology in the treatment of photoaging in patients with contraindications or do not want to perform surgery.
Spectral index development for mapping live coral cover

Abstract Remotely sensed spectral indices are used in a range of environments for estimating properties of vegetation, soil, atmospheric, and water features. Here, the development of an index sensitive to the amount of live coral, using in situ spectral reflectance data from Australia and Hawaii is outlined. From an initial spectral reflectance library of common reef benthic features, linear spectral mixing was used to create mixed reflectance signatures that represented image pixels in a reef environment. The correlation between the proportion of total live coral and the mixed reflectance signal at each wavelength was calculated to determine the wavelengths sensitive to variations in the amount of live coral. First and second derivatives of the reflectance spectra, in addition to simple band ratios, were also tested. The same processing and analysis procedures were then followed after simulating the spectral mixtures under different depths and levels of suspended organic content using a radiative transfer model (Hydrolight 4.1). Results show that the second derivative of reflectance at 564 nm was one of the wavelength regions most sensitive to variations in live coral cover and least sensitive to variations in water depth and quality. Subsequent research will present the applicability of this technique to hyperspectral image data.
When bonuses backfire: an inaction inertia analysis of procrastination induced by a missed opportunity

An inaction inertia analysis of procrastination was used to generate the prediction that using bonuses to encourage early task completion will have two opposing effects, encouraging early task completion by some but also inducing procrastination for those who miss the bonus. Study 1 showed that the addition of bonuses for early completion produced both of these effects and also led to overall task completion rates that were either equal to (large bonus) or actually less than (medium and small bonuses) those obtained by simply establishing a completion deadline with no bonus. In Study 2, a lottery methodology was used to manipulate the size of a missed bonus for all participants. Even under these conditions of reduced personal responsibility the larger missed bonus led to increased procrastination as predicted by the inaction inertia analysis. Possible mediating processes based on anticipated regret and perceived fairness were discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
P 1 . 1 HIGH-RESOLUTION MODELING ANALYSIS OF HAZARDOUS WINDS ASSOCIATED WITH MESOSCALE DISTURBANCES FOR THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN A COASTAL AREA

The land of Japan is characterized by steep and complex terrain, which may influence the occurrence of extreme weather events such as torrential rain and damaging wind. Since the temporal and spatial variability of winds is very high, the effects of steep/complex terrains are particularly significant in inducing gusty winds. Thus, understanding not only flow structures associated with microscale meteorological phenomena but also terrain effects on wind variability is critically important for the prediction and mitigation of wind disaster. Such understanding should be of use in predicting wind environment as well as in assessing wind energy resources. In addition, the recent development of mesoscale meteorological models enables one to simulate more accurately the local wind variability under realistically represented meteorological conditions, which lead to evaluating quantitatively the simulated wind fields against observational data in complex terrain (Jimenez et al. 2008; Rife and Davis 2005). Thus, representing steep/complex terrain in meteorological models with a high spatial resolution becomes more critical for quantitative wind forecasts. In this study, we develop a high-resolution meteorological simulation system that incorporates 50-m mesh digital elevation map data to a mesoscale meteorological model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The numerical simulations are performed for high wind cases in a coastal area in order to diagnose the surface wind variability for the safety of railway transportation system. The analysis area chosen is the Shonai Plains, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, where high wind events frequently occur during the passage of explosively developing extratropical cyclones in winter. The simulations are conducted for the cases in the 2007/2008 winter season. By conducting regional meteorological simulations that resolve small-scale terrain features, we discuss the representation of surface wind variability.
Hyperbolic formulations of general relativity with Hamiltonian structure

With the aim of deriving symmetric hyperbolic free-evolution systems for GR that possess Hamiltonian structure and allow for the popular puncture gauge condition we analyze the hyperbolicity of Hamiltonian systems. We develop helpful tools which are applicable to either the first order in time, second order in space or the fully second order form of the equations of motion. For toy models we find that the Hamiltonian structure can simplify the proof of symmetric hyperbolicity. In GR we use a special structure of the principal part to prove symmetric hyperbolicity of a formulation that includes gauge conditions which are very similar to the puncture gauge.
Effects of Coolant Feed Direction on Additively Manufactured Film Cooling Holes

Gas turbine components subjected to high temperatures can benefit from improved designs enabled by metal additive manufacturing (AM) with nickel alloys. Previous studies have shown that the impact on fluid flow and heat transfer resulting from surface roughness of additively manufactured parts is significant; these impacts must be understood to design turbine components successfully for AM. This study improves understanding of these impacts by examining the discharge coefficient and the effect of the coolant delivery direction on the performance of additively manufactured shaped film cooling holes. To accomplish this, five test coupons containing a row of baseline shaped film cooling holes were made from a high-temperature nickel alloy using a laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. Flow and pressure drop measurements across the holes were collected to determine the discharge coefficient from the film cooling holes. Temperature measurements were collected to assess the overall effectiveness of the coupon surface as well as the cooling enhancement due to film cooling. The Biot number of the coupon wall was matched to a value one might find in a turbine engine to ensure this data is relevant. It was discovered that the flow experienced greater aerodynamic losses in film cooling holes with greater relative roughness, which resulted in a decreased discharge coefficient. The effectiveness measurements showed that the film cooling performance is better when coolant is fed in a co-flow configuration compared to a counter-flow configuration.
Control and Implementation of a transfemoral prosthesis for walking at different speeds

In this paper we present the modeling of a fullypassive transfemoral prosthesis prototype, which has been designed and realized for normal walking. The model has been implemented in a simulation environment so to analyze the behavior of the prosthetic leg in different walking conditions and so to enhance the mechanics of the system. The accuracy of the model has been validated in experimental tests, supported by the help of an amputee.
PMMA Polymer Membrane-Based Single Cylindrical Submicron Pores: Electrical Characterization and Investigation of Their Applicability in Resistive-Pulse Biomolecule Detection

Single cylindrical submicron pores in PMMA polymer membranes are micropatterned by electron beam lithography and integrated into all PMMA-based electrophoretic flow detector systems. Pore dimensions are 450 nm in diameter and 1 μm in length. The pores are electrically characterized in aqueous KCl electrolyte, exhibiting a stable time-independent ionic current through the pore with a noise level of less than 1% of the open-pore current. The current-voltage curves are linear and scale with electrolyte concentration. The negative surface charge of the membrane over-proportionally decreases pore conductance at low electrolyte concentrations (≤0.1 M) that are still beyond those typically applied in biological experiments. Pores do not exhibit rectification of current flowing through them, allowing for operation with either polarity. To allow for detection of yet much smaller particles, the described PMMA-based system also was successfully equipped with pores of 1.5 nm instead of 450 nm in diameter. This was achieved by introducing naturally occurring biological protein pores of α-hemolysin on a lipid bilayer into the prepatterned PMMA membrane of an assembled PMMA-based electrophoretic flow detector system. Characteristics of translocation events of single-stranded linear plasmid DNA molecules through the pores were recorded, and ionic current deductions during biomolecule translocation were clear and distinguished. Based on the presented submicron scale open pore ionic current transport properties, as well as the observed passage of DNA molecules through protein pores inserted into PMMA membranes, our current research proposes that all PMMA electrophoretic flow detectors exhibit an excellent potential for future use as biomedical resistive-pulse sensors, as long as pore dimensions match those of biomolecules to be detected.
Confluo: Distributed Monitoring and Diagnosis Stack for High-speed Networks

Conﬂuo is an end-host stack that can be integrated with existing network management tools to enable monitoring and diagnosis of network-wide events using telemetry data distributed across end-hosts, even for high-speed networks. Conﬂuo achieves these properties using a new data structure — Atomic MultiLog— that supports highly-concurrent read-write operations by exploiting two properties speciﬁc to telemetry data: (1) once processed by the stack, the data is neither updated nor deleted; and (2) each ﬁeld in the data has a ﬁxed pre-deﬁned size. Our evaluation results show that, for packet sizes 128B or larger, Conﬂuo executes thousands of triggers and tens of ﬁlters at line rate (for 10Gbps links) using a single core.
Full Stark control of polariton states on a spin-orbit hypersphere

The orbital angular momentum and the polarization of light are physical quantities widely investigated for classical and quantum information processing. In this work we propose to take advantage of strong light-matter coupling, circular-symmetric confinement, and transverse-electric transverse-magnetic splitting to exploit states where these two degrees of freedom are combined. To this end we develop a model based on a spin-orbit Poincare hypersphere. Then we consider the example of semiconductor polariton systems and demonstrate full ultrafast Stark control of spin-orbit states. Moreover, by controlling states on three different spin-orbit spheres and switching from one sphere to another we demonstrate the control of different logic bits within one single physical system.
Assortative mating among rock‐dwelling cichlid fishes supports high estimates of species richness from Lake Malawi

It has been estimated that Lake Malawi, Africa, contains 500–650 endemic species of cichlid fishes, the largest number of vertebrate species endemic to any comparable sized area on the planet. As many of these putative species cannot be distinguished anatomically, these estimates of species richness depend to a great extent on the assumption that sympatrically occurring male colour morphs represent biological species. We have tested this assumption using a combination of behavioural observations of courtship and microsatellite DNA analysis for six putative species of the Pseudotropheus (Tropheops) complex and three of the Pseudotropheus (Maylandia) complex occurring sympatrically at Nkhata Bay. We were unable to demonstrate assortative courtship for the species pairs Pseudotropheus (Maylandia) zebra/P. ‘gold zebra’ or P. (Tropheops) ‘band’/P. (T.) ‘rust’ because we were unable to distinguish between the females of these taxa. All other taxa showed clear assortative courtship, except for P. (T.) ‘deep’, a deep‐water species which was rarely observed. Fixation indices (θST for the infinite allele model, and RST for the stepwise mutation model) calculated from six microsatellite DNA loci demonstrated significant deviations from panmixia in all pairwise comparisons of putative species, indicating little or no gene flow between populations. All taxa showed high levels of allelic diversity providing evidence that genetic bottlenecking may have been of limited importance in the speciation process. Assortative mating among taxa differing only in male colouration is supportive of theories that speciation in these fishes has been driven by sexual selection by female choice.
Nutrient mineralization rates and ratios in the eastern South Atlantic

The physical and biogeochemical components of nutrients and inorganic carbon distributions along WOCE line A14 are objectively separated by means of a constrained least-squares regression analysis of the mixing of eastern South Atlantic water masses. Contrary to previous approaches, essentially devoted to the intricate South Atlantic circulation, this work is focused on the effects of circulation on nutrients and carbon biogeochemistry, with special emphasis on the stoichiometry and the rate of mineralization processes. Combination of nutrient and apparent CFC-age anomalies, derived from the mixing analysis, indicate faster mineralization rates in the equatorial (12 × 10−2 μmol P kg−1 yr−1) and subequatorial (5.3 × 10−2 μmol P kg−1 yr−1) than in the subtropical (4.3 × 10−2 μmol P kg−1 yr−1) regime at the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) depth range. Lower rates are obtained in the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) domain (3.0 × 10−2 μmol P kg−1 yr−1). Significant variation with depth of O2/C/N/P anomalies indicates preferential mineralization of proteins in thermocline waters, as compared with the reference Redfield composition.