Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of grazing on the composition of conjugated linoleic acid isomers and other fatty acids of milk and cheese in goats.

The effect of grazing on the fatty acid profile of milk and cheese was evaluated on 20 goats divided into two groups. The goats in the first group were kept indoors and fed with lucerne hay, the goats from the second group were kept on a natural pasture. Utilization of native pasture has been on a low level (extensive) for years in order to avoid over-grazing of the grassland. The milk from grazed goats had significantly higher contents of fat, protein and total solids without fat (P<0.001) as well as lower lactose content than goats kept indoors (P<0.01). Grazing considerably increased the total conjugated linoleic acid content in milk (0.59 vs 0.77%; P<0.001) and cheese (0.52 vs 0.84%; P<0.01). The distribution of n-3 and n-6 was much better in the grazed goats, i.e. the values of series n-3 fatty acids were higher in milk (0.52 vs 0.69%; P<0.01) and cheese (0.64 vs 1.07%; P<0.01). In addition, the n-6/n-3 ratio was also more favourable in the grazed group (milk: 6.10 vs 3.44; cheese: 4.19 vs 2.51; P<0.01). It is concluded that the milk and cheese from goats kept on the natural pasture were better in terms of nutraceutical parameters, which are advantageous in human nutrition, than the milk produced by animals kept indoors and fed with hay.
Chemical Characteristic and Fatty Acid Profile in Rendang of Minangkabau

Rendang is a traditional Minangkabau foods which voted by CNN viewers in 2011 as one of the most delicious foods in the world. The basic ingredients of rendang are beef meat, coconut milk, and spices. The process of cooking R endang took around 5 to 6 hours at the temperature around 80-9 3 o C. There are 2 types of food will be produced during the cooking processes differentiated by water content and colors. They are as following: K alio (cooked until the sauce was thick brown color) and Rendang (cooked until the sauce was thick and dry and dark brown color ). Rendang if cooked properly still good to consume until 3 weeks at room temperature, even last month stored in the refrigerator and up to six months in frozen . As the food is cooked in a relatively longer period of time and with various spices it is interesting to know the nutritional value of the food.This paper is presenting a preliminary result of the research which aims to evaluate the nutritional value of R endang by analyzing the chemi cal characteristic of lipid and fatty acid profile of Rendang. Rendang and kalio as a food will have 3 part such as a the meat, sauce, and oil (fat and oil). This paper will discuss just for the fat and oil of Rendang. T he result show ed that the chemical characteristic of fat and oil of Rendang relative stable (not change) compare to Kalio where the fat and oil in Kalio and Rendang around 99,24% - 99,46%, peroxide value not detected, Free fatty acid (FFA) number 0,21 - 0,28%, Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test 0,56 - 0,70 TBA/kg fat and oil, and the Trans fatty acid (TFA) not detected. The profile of fatty acid showed that the fatty acid of kalio and rendang are dominated by the saturated fatty acid short chain and medium chain (SCFA and MCFA) around 59,48 - 59.91%, long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) around 31,41 - 31.47% and the rest are unsaturated fatty acid around 9.10 - 8,61%. From chemical characterization of fat and oil, we can take a conclusion that Kalio and Rendang good to consume.
Finding map regions with high density of query keywords

We consider the problem of finding map regions that best match query keywords. This region search problem can be applied in many practical scenarios such as shopping recommendation, searching for tourist attractions, and collision region detection for wireless sensor networks. While conventional map search retrieves isolate locations in a map, users frequently attempt to find regions of interest instead, e.g., detecting regions having too many wireless sensors to avoid collision, or finding shopping areas featuring various merchandise or tourist attractions of different styles. Finding regions of interest in a map is a non-trivial problem and retrieving regions of arbitrary shapes poses particular challenges. In this paper, we present a novel region search algorithm, dense region search (DRS), and its extensions, to find regions of interest by estimating the density of locations containing the query keywords in the region. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Effects of Experience, Knowledge and Signals on Willingness to Pay for a Public Good

This paper compares how increases in experience versus increases in knowledge about a public good affect willingness to pay (WTP) for its provision. This is challenging because while consumers are often certain about their previous experiences with a good, they may be uncertain about the accuracy of their knowledge. We therefore design and conduct a field experiment in which treated subjects receive a precise and objective signal regarding their knowledge about a public good before estimating their WTP for it. Using data for two different public goods, we show qualitative equivalence of the effect of knowledge and experience on valuation for a public good. Surprisingly, though, we find that the causal effect of objective signals about the accuracy of a subject's knowledge for a public good can dramatically affect their valuation for it: treatment causes an increase of $150-$200 in WTP for well-informed individuals. We find no such effect for less informed subjects. Our results imply that WTP estimates for public goods are not only a function of true information states of the respondents but beliefs about those information states.
An Efficient MRTD Model for the Analysis of Crosstalk in CMOS-Driven Coupled Cu Interconnects

This paper presents an efficient wavelet based numerical method for analyzing functional and dynamic crosstalk of CMOS driven coupled copper (Cu) interconnects known as Multi-Resolution Time Domain (MRTD), wherein, the CMOS drivers are modeled using nth-power law model. The performance of the proposed MRTD method is evaluated through recursive simulations in HSPICE environment and compared with the conventional Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method at 32-nm technology node for global interconnects of length 1mm, where the computations of the proposed model and conventional FDTD are carried out using MATLAB. For different number of test cases, the proposed MRTD method gives an average error of 0.14% and 1.9 % for peak crosstalk noise and peak noise timing, respectively, with respect to HSPICE results. Also, the dynamic crosstalk noise on victim line of the proposed MRTD method are in close agreement with those of HSPICE. The results show the dominance of the proposedMRTDmethod over the conventional FDTD method regarding accuracy. The proposed MRTD method is also extended for three-mutuallycoupled interconnect lines for crosstalk analysis, with an average error less than 1%when compared to that of more than 3% using the conventional FDTD method. Moreover, for the transient analysis, the MRTD method is more time efficient than HSPICE.
Electricity consumption-GDP nexus: A structural time series analysis

This study investigates the relationships among electricity consumption, real economic activity, real price of electricity and the underlying energy demand trend UEDT at the aggregate and sectoral levels, namely, for the residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural sectors. To achieve this goal, an electricity demand function for Pakistan is estimated by applying the structural time series technique to annual data for the period from 1972 to 2010. In addition to identifying the size and significance of the price and income elasticities, this technique also uncovers UEDT for the whole economy as well as for sub-sectors. The results suggest that the nature of the trend is not linear and deterministic but stochastic in form. The UEDT for the electricity usage of the commercial, agricultural and residential sectors shows an upward slope. This upward slope of the UEDT suggests that either energy efficient equipment has not been introduced in these sectors or any energy efficiency improvements due to technical progress is outweighed by other exogenous factors.
The Effect of Part-Time Work on Post-Secondary Educational Attainment: New Evidence from French Data

In this paper, we provide new evidence on the effect of part-time work on postsecondary educational attainment. To do so, we use samples extracted from the French Labor Force Surveys conducted over the years 1992-2002. These samples are restricted to students in initial education following university studies and preparing an Associate, a Bachelor or a Master degree. We estimate probit models with two simultaneous equations accounting for part-time working while studying and for success on the final exam, along with the decision to continue the following year in one of the models. We take the working time into account by drawing in one of the models a distinction between jobs in which more or less than 16 hours are worked per week. We use variations across departements in low-skilled youth unemployment rates and in their interactions with the father's socio-economic status in order to identify the effect of part-time work on educational attainment. Our results suggest a statistically significant and very large detrimental effect of holding a regular part-time job on graduation probability. Still, a complementary analysis shows that working while studying does not have any significant effect on the probability of continuing studies.
Behaviour and Bioacoustic Characteristic of Male Dolphins Bottle Nose (Tursiops Aduncus) in Captive, Indonesia

Bioacoustic is knowledge that combines biology and acoustic which usually refer to research on the production of sound, dispersion through an elastic medium , and acceptance in animals, including humans. This research using passive acoustic method and behavior observing of male dolphins by doing approach science of the passive acoustic (bioacoustics) is see the difference patterns and a characteristic sound of the porpoise. Dolphins male (Tursiops aduncus) preserved in park of safari indonesia cisarua bogor, having value intensity lowest of 28.03dB and the highest is of 32,01dB. With an average parameter measurable namely salinity up to 30% and temperature 23°C with the depth of the pool 4,5meters. Range the frequency of sounds click with the highest intensity of 32,01dB with a clicking sound after food in first day to 2 which is found in range frequency namely 14.000-16.000Hz. Range the frequency of sounds click dolphins male (tursiop aduncus) in park of safari with frequency of 14.221-15.100Hz. There is a difference intensity voting against treatment before and after eating by using the pool the same study. Value intensity highest obtained at the sound of after food in second day with the intensity 32, 01dB and value of the lowest intensity of are in before a meal is first day. Dolphins tends to be basic a pool of sea water in as before eating and dolphins always was sitting on the surface of the pond at the time after eating .
Radiative-transfer models for explosions from rotating and non-rotating single WC stars. Implications for SN1998bw and LGRB/SNe

Using 1-D non-Local-Thermodynamic-Equilibrium time-dependent radiative-transfer simulations, we study the ejecta properties required to match the early and late-time photometric and spectroscopic properties of supernovae (SNe) associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs). To match the short rise time, narrow light curve peak, and extremely broad spectral lines of SN1998bw requires a model with 10Msun, an explosion energy >1e51erg, and only 0.1Msun of Ni56. As the two models are mutually exclusive, the breaking of spherical symmetry is essential to match the early/late photometric/spectroscopic properties of SN1998bw. This conclusion confirms the notion that the ejecta of SN1998bw is aspherical on large scales. More generally, with asphericity, the energetics and Ni56 mass of LGRB/SNe are reduced and their ejecta mass is increased, favoring a massive fast-rotating Wolf-Rayet star progenitor. Contrary to persisting claims in favor of the proto-magnetar model for LGRB/SNe, such progenitor/ejecta properties are compatible with collapsar formation. Ejecta properties of LGRB/SNe inferred from 1D radiative-transfer modeling are fundamentally flawed.
Effect of Capital Structure on Corporate Profit. Evidence from Cement Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria

The study empirically investigated the effect of capital structure on corporate profit; evidence from cement manufacturing firms in Nigeria. It focused on quoted cement manufacturing firms in Nigeria from 2004- 2013 using ex-post facto research design. Multi regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The findings were that, there exists a positive and significant effect of short term debt, long term debt and shareholder’s fund on the profit of cement manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that, management should adopt a sound financing mix which will be beneficial to firms in the long run also; policies by Government should create a favourable macro-economic environment for cement companies to operate profitably.
R&D and Economic Growth in Slovenia: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Approach with Endogenous Growth

In the article, we model R&D as a major endogenous growth element in a small open economy general equilibrium framework and consider several R&D policy scenarios for Slovenia. Increase of the share of sectoral investment in R&D that is deductible from the corporate income tax and increase of government spending on R&D turned out to be the most effective suggested policy measures. While the former policy measure is still followed in part by an undesired transfer of the tax relief to dividends, a moderate increase of government spending on R&D boosts long-run productivity in the economy, thus increasing the future value of firms, which is reflected in a desired dividend increase. The households that would gain more utility from such policy scenarios are those with more skilled and highly skilled labour, but not the very top earners in the economy.
A control center design revisited : learning from users ’ appropriation

This paper aims to present the lessons learned during a control center design project by revisiting another control center from the same company designed two and a half years before by the same project team. In light of the experience with the first project and its analysis, the designers and researchers had important feedback already used to suggest changes for the second project. The opportunity to learn from a previous project was unique, but the knowledge gotten out of it shows the importance of having this feedback from project to project instead of just ‘repeating’ previously used design solutions.
Children and the food price crisis

The sharp increase in food prices both in world markets and in local markets since 2006 has raised serious concerns about the food and nutrition situation of poor families in many countries. Particularly in urban areas, where people cannot grow their own food, household budgets have been squeezed. The rapid price increases are especially bad news for young children, as any disruption to their nutrition tends to have serious long-term implications, both in terms of stunting, and lower educational outcomes, affecting their earning potential in later life. This policy brief looks at evidence from the Young Lives cohort study to show how the food price crisis will have both short-term and long-term impacts on children’s health, education, and psycho-social well-being. It also discusses policy options available to alleviate the consequences of the present crisis on children.
Power Control in Wireless Cellular Networks

Transmit power in wireless cellular networks is a key degree of freedom in the management of interference, energy, and connectivity. Power control in both the uplink and downlink of a cellular network has been extensively studied, especially over the last 15 years, and some of the results have enabled the continuous evolution and significant impact of the digital cellular technology. This survey provides a comprehensive discussion of the models, algorithms, analysis, and methodologies in this vast and growing literature. It starts with a taxonomy of the wide range of power control problem formulations, and progresses from the basic formulation to more sophisticated ones. When transmit power is the only set of optimization variables, algorithms for fixed SIR are presented first, before turning to their robust versions and joint SIR and power optimization. This is followed by opportunistic and non-cooperative power control. Then joint control of power together with beamforming pattern, base station assignment, spectrum allocation, and transmit schedule is surveyed\break one-by-one. Throughout the survey, we highlight the use of mathematical language and tools in the study of power control, including optimization theory, control theory, game theory, and linear algebra. Practical implementations of some of the algorithms in operational networks are discussed in the concluding section. As illustrated by the open problems presented at the end of most chapters, in the area of power control in cellular networks, there are still many under-explored directions and unresolved issues that remain theoretically challenging and practically important.
Diurnal Habitat Relationships of Canada Lynx in an Intensively Managed Private Forest Landscape in Northern Maine

Abstract In March 2000, Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) were listed as a federally threatened species in 14 states at the southern periphery of their range, where lynx habitat is disjunct and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) densities are low. Forest conditions vary across lynx range; thus, region-specific data on the habitat requirements of lynx are needed. We studied lynx in northern Maine, USA, from 1999 to 2004 to assess quality and potential for forests in Maine to sustain lynx populations. We trapped and radiocollared 43 lynx (21 M, 22 F) during this period and evaluated diurnal habitat selection by 16 resident adult lynx (9 M, 7 F) monitored in 2002. We evaluated lynx selection of 8 habitats at multiple spatial scales, and related lynx habitat selection to snowshoe hare abundance. Lynx preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands, which supported the highest hare densities on our study site (x̄ = 2.4 hares/ha), over all other habitats. The habitats where lynx placed their home ranges did not differ by sex. However, within their home ranges, males not only preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands, but also preferred mature conifer, whereas females singularly preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands. Approximately one-third of Maine's spruce–fir forest and nearly 50% of our study area was regenerating conifer or mixed-sapling forest, resulting from a disease event and intensive forest management (e.g., large clear-cuts). Our findings suggest that current habitat conditions in Maine are better than western montane regions and approach conditions in boreal forests during periods of hare abundance. We recommend that forest landowners maintain a mosaic of different-aged conifer stands to ensure a component of regenerating conifer-dominated forest on the landscape.
Community-based Tourism Initiative in Rural Malaysia: Is it a Success?

This study explores the success criteria for Malaysia Homestay Programme (MHP), which is a community-based rural tourism initiative promoted by the government. The goals of this initiative are to empower rural communities through their engagement in rural tourism activities as well as to increase visitor arrivals to rural destinations in Malaysia. The establishment of its success criteria is critical as the criteria can be used to measure the performance of the initiative. Amid the publicized statistics for visitor arrival to the homestay programmes under MHP, evidence of their true performance and success as a community-based tourism (CBT) initiative is still scarce. In this study, experts who are familiar with MPH in their lines of work were asked to identify criteria which are regarded by them as crucial for an MPH programme to be successful. Their responses were analyzed to establish the success criteria of the programs and to determine if their responses mirror the conditions of CBTs mentioned in the literature. Findings from the responses indicate that the successful criteria of the MPH programmes can be grouped into the competitive criteria and the sustainability criteria. Keywords: Sustainable Development Initiative, Community-Based Development, Rural Tourism JEL Classifications: O2, Q3, R1
COST-BASED COLLABORATIONS AND PERFORMANCE COURIER FIRMS NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

The Communications Authority of Kenya (2016) documented a 14.3% drop in courier transactions from the year 2010 to 2015. Further, outgoing international transactions experienced a 20.6% decline. This downward trend has been attributed to development of communication technology and organisational competitiveness which has immensely affected the performance of the firms in this business portfolio. This has led most organisations to embrace certain corporate strategies and partnering with other organizations to strengthen their market positions and improve on performance. This study sought to establish the effect of cost-based collaborations affect performance of courier firms in Nairobi City County. The study was anchored on the Transaction Cost Theory. The study adopted positivist philosophy that premises knowledge is based on facts and that no abstractions or subjective status of individuals is considered. To achieve the objectives, the study used a combination of descriptive and explanatory research designs. The target population consisted of 423 managers in 141 courier firms as at January 30th 2015(CAK, 2015) and the stratified sampling procedure was used to group the firms into strata using the licensing category. Secondly, using the Krejce and Morgan sampling table (1970) 103 organisations was purposively included in the study. The study used mainly Primary data which was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Content analysis was also used for qualitative data. The analysis used SPSS Version 21 to aid data analysis. The study findings were that cost based collaborations had a positive significant influence on performance of Courier firms in Nairobi City County. Key Words: Cost Based Collaboration, Organizations Performance, Courier Firms
KERNEL-COMPOSITION FOR CHANGE DETECTION IN MEDIUM RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA

A framework for multitemporal change detection based on kernel-composition is applied to a multispectral-multitemporal classification scenario, evaluated and compared to traditional change detection approaches. The framework makes use of the fact that images of different points in time can be used as input data sources for kernel-composition – a data fusion approach typically used with kernel based classifiers like support vector machines (SVM). The framework is used to analyze the growth of a limestone pit in the Upper Rhine Graben (West Germany). Results indicate that the highest accuracy rates are produced by the kernel based framework. The approach produces the least number of false positives and gives the most convincing overall impression.