Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Foxy View of Human Beauty: Implications of the Farm Fox Experiment for Understanding the Origins of Structural and Experiential Aspects of Facial Attractiveness

Within 20 years, experimental selection of quantified “not too aggressive, not too fearful” behavior to human approach was shown in silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) to produce a neotenic package of traits in adults: ability to seek, induce, and sustain contact (called friendly or rapport behavior); relatively short limbs and foreshortened skull/face; and light pigmentation areas. Earlier sexual maturation, prolonged receptivity, and larger litters were also noted. The increased estradiol supporting these changes was apparently also responsible for faster skeletal maturation, including earlier fusion of the basicranium causing tooth crowding, but also paedomorphic craniofacial proportions that we find attractive in our own and other species. In this paper, these important findings of the farm fox experiment are juxtaposed with insights from social psychology, physical anthropology, and neuroscience about facial beauty and reaction to it. Since many unrelated species show some or all of the neotenic package or domestication profile when they have achieved rapport past the juvenile stage, craniofacial proportions considered attractive are discussed as genetically and hormonally linked to the evolution of rapport—social contact, trust, and cooperation—whether by natural, intuitive, intentional, or mixed paths of selection.
Female Sex Hormones Modulate the Function of LPS‐treated Macrophages

PROBLEM: To study the effects of estradiol (E2) or progesterone on macrophage function in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHOD OF STUDY: Male rat peritoneal macrophages were treated in vitro with 0.1 μg/mL of LPS and E2 or progesterone. RESULTS: At 10−2 ng/mL, E2 significantly (P<0.05; n=6) enhanced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release by LPS‐treated macrophages. TNF release was significantly (P<0.05; n=6) inhibited by 102 ng/mL or 103 ng/mL of E2 and by progesterone at less than 10−3 ng/mL or greater than 10−1 ng/mL. E2 (10−4 and 10 ng/mL) and progesterone (10−6–10−4 ng/mL and 102 ng/mL) each significantly (P<0.05, n=8) enhanced H2O2 release by LPS‐treated macrophages. E2 (<10−2 and >10 ng/mL) and progesterone (10−7–104 ng/mL) each significantly inhibited (P<0.05; n=6) NO2− release by LPS‐treated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to LPS tended to diminish the effects of E2 and to enhance the effects of progesterone on the parameters determined here. Such LPS‐associated alterations in the dose–response profile of macrophages to female sex hormones may contribute to gender‐related differences in the immune response under normal and pathological conditions.
A novel electronic lock using optical Morse code based on the Internet of Things

In this work, a novel electronic lock that can encode and decode optical signals modulated using Morse code conventions, was developed to build a smart home security system based on Internet of Things (IoT). There are three topics of interest in this research: 1. optical Morse code encoder, 2. optical Morse code decoder, 3. cloud monitoring system. We take the advantage of the light-emitting components as the encoder, which are readily available in hand-held mobile devices (e.g. Smart phones), and photoresistors and a microcontroller as the decoder. By Wi-Fi transferring, even without a personal computer, real-time information about this lock can be uploaded to the cloud service platform, and helps users to ensure home safety on the remote monitoring system. From our experimental results, it has been demonstrated that our novel optical Morse code-based electronic lock is highly resistant to different illumination conditions in the work environment, all functions work well, including coding, emitting, receiving, decoding, uploading and cloud monitoring. However, it is worth noting that besides convenience and cost reduction due to unifying a smart phone and traditional key, as a consumer electronics our proposed system having a user-friendly operation interface, and is therefore suitable for users of all ages.
The biology and tumour‐related properties of monocyte tissue factor

Tissue factor (TF, coagulation factor III, CD142) is not only the main physiological initiator of normal blood coagulation, but is also important in the natural history of solid malignancies in that it potentiates metastasis and angiogenesis and mediates outside–in signalling. TF is expressed constitutively by many tissues which are not in contact with blood and by other cells upon injury or activation; the latter include endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, and peripheral blood monocytes. It can exist encrypted and unavailable functionally in the plasma membrane and the appearance of functional TF may be due to synthesis and/or de‐encryption. Inflammatory cells often express TF and act to induce its production or de‐encryption by other cells locally and, apparently, at remote sites. Inappropriate expression of TF by endothelial cells, macrophages or monocytes is thought to be an important trigger of coagulation in various pathological conditions. Several studies have shown that measurements of monocyte TF (mTF) may provide clinically significant information, particularly in patients with malignant and inflammatory diseases. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of VEGF and MSCs on vascular regeneration in a trauma model in rats

In the human body, vascular injuries that are caused by trauma, vessel lumen stenosis, and occlusions are often irreversible and can lead to sequelae formation as the vessels cannot reproduce fast enough. To solve this problem, the blood flow must be returned to the region as fast as possible. The adipose tissue contains progenitor cells with angiogenic potential and can be used to resolve the issue.
A smart pressure transducer with on-chip readout, calibration and nonlinear temperature compensation based on spline-functions

A smart pressure transducer with a piezo resistive pressure sensor microbridge, digitally controlled readout electronics, and a nonlinear temperature compensation based on spline functions, is integrated on a single CMOS chip. The chip also contains a temperature sensor and control hardware for test and calibration functions. The calibration process of the sensing and temperature compensation parameters has been optimized for high volume production. The smart pressure transducer is in standard 2 /spl mu/m n-well CMOS technology completed by anisotropic cavity etching.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist tropisetron after single oral doses in humans.

Tropiestron is a potent and selective antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. Tropisetron was developed for the indication of cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis. The pharmacokinetic and metabolic dispositions of tropisetron were studied in 12 healthy male volunteers receiving a single oral dose of 62 or 312 mumol (20 or 100 mg) of [14C]tropisetron. Serial plasma samples and complete urine and feces were collected for 120 hr postdose. Whereas the absorption of oral doses of 62-312 mumol tropisetron was rapid and complete, bioavailability was estimated to be only 66% for the 312 mumol dose and 52% for the 62 mumol dose, apparently because of saturable first-pass metabolism. Maximal concentrations of tropisetron averaged 87 and 608 nM after doses of 62 and 312 mumol, respectively, and the parent drug accounted for 21 and 36% of the radioactivity in AUC0-24 hr pools. Approximately 90% of the drug was metabolized before excretion, and approximately 70% of the dose was recovered in the urine. Following both the 62 and 312 mumol doses, the terminal half-life of tropisetron averaged 6-7 hr and that of total radioactivity was 10-11 hr. Tropisetron and its metabolites in plasma and urine were separated by gradient elution reversed-phase HPLC. Structures of eight metabolites were assigned on the bases of NMR and MS data. Tropisetron was metabolized by oxidative hydroxylation of the indole ring at positions 5, 6, and 7. The hydroxylated derivatives are further conjugated with glucuronic acid and sulfate. N-Oxygenation and oxidative N-demethylation at the tropinyl nitrogen also occur in trace amounts. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Human Cytomegalovirus Directly Induces the Antiviral Protein Viperin to Enhance Infectivity

Human cytomegalovirus uses a host-encoded antiviral protein to its own advantage. Viperin is an interferon-inducible protein that is directly induced in cells by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Why HCMV would induce viperin, which has antiviral activity, is unknown. We show that HCMV-induced viperin disrupts cellular metabolism to enhance the infectious process. Viperin interaction with the viral protein vMIA resulted in viperin relocalization from the endoplasmic reticulum to the mitochondria. There, viperin interacted with the mitochondrial trifunctional protein that mediates β-oxidation of fatty acids to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This interaction with viperin, but not with a mutant lacking the viperin iron-sulfur cluster–binding motif, reduced cellular ATP generation, which resulted in actin cytoskeleton disruption and enhancement of infection. This function of viperin, which was previously attributed to vMIA, suggests that HCMV has coopted viperin to facilitate the infectious process.
Production of reactive oxygen species and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat isolated Kupffer cells stimulated by Leptospira interrogans and Borrelia burgdorferi.

AIM To evaluate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rat isolated Kupffer cells (KCs) stimulated by Leptospira interrogans and Borrelia burgdorferi. METHODS Rat Kupffer cells were separated by perfusion of the liver with 0.05% collagenase, and purified by Percoll gradients. Purified Kupffer cells were tested in vitro with alive L. interogans and B. burgdorferi preparations. The production of ROS was determined by chemiluminescence, whereas iNOS protein expression was evaluated by Western blot assay using anti-iNOS antibodies. RESULTS B. burgdorferi and to a less extent L. interrogans induced ROS production with a peak 35 min after infection. The chemiluminescence signal progressively diminished and was undetectable by 180 min of incubation. Leptospirae and borreliae induced an increased iNOS expression in Kupffer cells that peaked at 6 hours and was still evident 22 h after infection. CONCLUSION Both genera of spirochetes induced ROS and iNOS production in rat Kupffer cells. Since the cause of liver damage both in leptospiral as well as in borrelial infections are still unknown, we suggest that leptospira and borrelia damage of the liver can be initially mediated by oxygen radicals, and is then maintained at least in part by nitric oxide.
Possible link of Chronic arsenic toxicity with Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka

In recent years a significant increase in number of patients of Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has been observed in some parts of Sri Lanka, especially in the North Central Province. A case control study has been performed with the intention of determining the prevalence of clinical features of Chronic Arsenic Toxicity (CAT) among CKDu patients in Padavi Sripura divisional secretarial area in Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka. Clinical assessment were done in diagnosed CKDu patients (n=125) and non-CKDu persons (n=180) as the control group. Hair and urine samples collected from both CKDu patients and controls were analyzed for presence of arsenic using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry equipped with Hydride generator (HG-AAS). The results revealed that 68% of CKDu patients and 28% of the controls had urine arsenic levels above 21 µg/g creatinine, which is considered the point of threshold for manifestation of early renal changes that can be developed in to chronic kidney disease. Among the CKDu patients, 48% and 17.4% of the subjects in the control group have fulfilled the criteria to be diagnosed CAT, indicating the potential link between CAT and CKDu. Agrochemicals could be the possible source for this contamination of arsenic since no reported work is available to indicate the presence of arsenic in the bedrocks of Sri Lanka. Key words : Chronic kidney disease, arsenic, agrochemicals, Sri Lanka
A randomized phase II study of flutamide with or without PSA-TRICOM in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

163 Background: PSA-TRICOM is a vector-based, therapeutic cancer vaccine regimen consisting of recombinant poxviruses containing the transgenes for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and 3 T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM). A previous randomized, placebo-controlled phase II study demonstrated an 8.5-month improvement in median survival (25.1 months for PSA-TRICOM group vs. 16.6 months for control group) in men with metastatic CRPC. METHODS This study is currently enrolling patients with non-metastatic CRPC on testosterone suppression therapy who have a rising PSA. Patients are stratified by PSA doubling time and randomized to androgen receptor antagonist alone (flutamide) or flutamide plus PSA-TRICOM. Flutamide is given at the standard dose of 400 mg TID while PSA-TRICOM is given by monthly subcutaneous injections. The primary endpoint of the study is time to treatment failure (TTF) which is defined as biochemical recurrence (PSA rise) or development of metastatic lesions on scans. RESULTS The first 26 patients enrolled are evaluated in this analysis. For flutamide alone (n = 13), the median age at enrollment was 64.7 years and median Gleason Score was 8. For flutamide + PSA-TRICOM (n = 13), the median age at enrollment was 67.1 years and median Gleason score was 8. Median time to progression is 223 days for Fluatmide + PSA- TRICOM (range 70-638) vs. 85 days for Flutamide alone (56-372). Progression for 11/12 flutamide alone patients and 9/10 fluatmide + PSA-TRICOM patients has been by PSA rise only. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary evidence suggests improvement in time to treatment failure using combination of hormonal therapy with flutamide + PSA-TRICOM vaccine compared to fluatmide alone in patients with non-metastatic CRPC. This trial will continue to accrue a total of 62 patients and also will evaluate immunological responses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Relationship Among Thromboelastography, Hemostatic Variables, and Bleeding After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery in Children

BACKGROUND:Mediastinal bleeding is common after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. Thromboelastography (TEG®) may predict bleeding and provide insight into likely mechanisms. We aimed to (a) compare perioperative temporal profiles of TEG® and laboratory hemostatic variables between patients with significant hemorrhage (BLEED) and those without (CONTROL), (b) investigate the relationship between TEG® variables and routine hemostatic variables, and (c) develop a model for prediction of bleeding. METHODS:TEG® and laboratory hemostatic variables were measured prospectively at 8 predefined times for 50 children weighing <20 kg undergoing CPB. RESULTS:Patients who bled demonstrated different TEG® profiles than those who did not. This was most apparent after protamine administration and was partly attributable to inadequate heparin reversal, but was also associated with a significantly lower nadir in mean (SD) fibrinogen for the BLEED group compared with CONTROL group: 0.44 (0.18) and 0.71 (0.40) g/L, respectively (P = 0.01). Significant nonlinear relationships were found between the majority of TEG® and laboratory hemostatic variables. The strongest relationship was between the maximal amplitude and the platelet-fibrinogen product (logarithmic r2 = 0.71). Clot strength decreased rapidly when (a) fibrinogen concentration was <1 g/L, (b) platelets were <120 × 109/L, and (c) platelet-fibrinogen product was <100. A 2-variable model including the activated partial thromboplastin time at induction of anesthesia and TEG® mean amplitude postprotamine discriminated well for subsequent bleeding (C statistic 0.859). CONCLUSIONS:Hypofibrinogenemia and inadequate heparin reversal are 2 important factors contributing to clot strength and perioperative hemorrhage after pediatric CPB. TEG® may be a useful tool for predicting and guiding early treatment of mediastinal bleeding in this group.
Real and Nominal Equilibrium Yield Curves: Wage Rigidities and Permanent Shocks

The links between real and nominal bond risk premia and macroeconomic dynamics are explored quantitatively in a model with nominal rigidities and monetary policy. The estimated model captures macroeconomic and yield curve properties of the U.S. economy, implying significantly positive real term and inflation risk bond premia. In contrast to previous literature, both premia are positive and generated by wage rigidities as a compensation for permanent productivity shocks. Stronger policy-rule responses to inflation (output) increase (decrease) both premia, while policy surprises generate negligible risk premia. Empirical evidence of the economic mechanism is provided.
Bias A Cbs Insider Exposes How The Media Distort The News

Thank you very much for reading bias a cbs insider exposes how the media distort the news. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this bias a cbs insider exposes how the media distort the news, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.
Genome-wide in silico prediction of gene expression

MOTIVATION Modelling the regulation of gene expression can provide insight into the regulatory roles of individual transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. Recently, Ouyang et al. in 2009 modelled gene expression levels in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells using in vivo ChIP-seq measurements of TF binding. ChIP-seq TF binding data, however, are tissue-specific and relatively difficult to obtain. This limits the applicability of gene expression models that rely on ChIP-seq TF binding data. RESULTS In this study, we build regression-based models that relate gene expression to the binding of 12 different TFs, 7 histone modifications and chromatin accessibility (DNase I hypersensitivity) in two different tissues. We find that expression models based on computationally predicted TF binding can achieve similar accuracy to those using in vivo TF binding data and that including binding at weak sites is critical for accurate prediction of gene expression. We also find that incorporating histone modification and chromatin accessibility data results in additional accuracy. Surprisingly, we find that models that use no TF binding data at all, but only histone modification and chromatin accessibility data, can be as (or more) accurate than those based on in vivo TF binding data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION All scripts, motifs and data presented in this article are available online at http://research.imb. uq.edu. au/t.bailey/supplementary_data/McLeay2011a.
Theory and Design of Off-Axis Microring Resonators for High-Density On-Chip Photonic Applications

In this paper, we have developed a theory of an off-axis microring resonator (MRR) with single and multiple off-axis rings. The off-axis inner ring introduces tunable extra notches with many striking features in the transmission spectrum which facilitates its use as efficient modulators and sensors. A few such notches when closely packed have been used to design a compact band rejection filter with improved bandwidth (>10 nm). Moreover, these closely packed extra notches achieved by serially coupled MRRs with off-axis inner rings are tunable to reject arbitrarily chosen WDM channels. Through numerical simulations, based on both transfer matrix method and finite difference time domain method, it has been examined that off-axis MRRs cater superior performances in comparison to the serially coupled conventional MRR with respect to the device size, faster response, and low dispersion. The proposed off-axis MRRs may be used for cluster to cluster interconnects and can have other potential on-chip photonic applications in network layer. Necessary design parameters are computed from the coupled mode theory.
Serum fetuin-A and arginase-1 in human obesity model: Is there any interaction between inflammatory status and arginine metabolism?

Abstract Obesity is a major risk factor for many chronic metabolic diseases such as inflammation, insulin resistance (IR) and fatty liver injury. It was reported that obesity causes some variations on the serum levels of fetuin-A and is associated with arginine metabolism, especially arginase-1 levels. The aim of our study was to evaluate, the interaction and possible changes of these liver over produced proteins, fetuin-A and arginase-1 levels in obesity-related inflammatory status. Study groups were composed of individuals aged between 19 and 63 (n = 62). The control group included healthy subjects with BMI < 25, obese group included obese patients with BMI > 30 and with no other chronic disease. Biochemical markers were determined by an auto-analyzer. Adiponectin, fetuin-A, arginase-1, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), arginine, Hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) and leptin levels were measured with commercial ELISA immunoassay kits. Nitrite and nitrate were determined with colorimetric assay kit in serum samples. High sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels and liver function enzymes activities were higher in the obese group in respect to the control group. Serum fetuin-A, arginase-1 and leptin levels were increased but adiponectin levels were decreased in obese subjects. Fetuin-A levels showed significant correlations with arginase-1 and HOMA-IR. Consequently, we carried out an investigation about higher serum fetuin-A and arginase-1 levels may have an important role in obesity and obesity-related liver damage.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Neural Development to 2 Years of Age: Do We Know Enough for Dietary Recommendations?

The omega (ω)-3 fatty acids are essential nutrients, explained by the absence of a Δ-15 desaturase in mammalian cells. The ω-3 fatty acids are found in the diet as α-linolenic acid (18:3ω-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω-3), as well as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), with different functions of each of the ω-3 fatty acids in different cells. One essential role of the ω-3 fatty acids is fulfilled by the 22 carbon DHA (22:6ω-3). Depletion of DHA from brain and retina interferes with normal neurogenesis and neurological function, and visual signaling pathways. Observation and intervention studies with pregnant and lactating women, and with infants fed some formulas show that dietary DHA is associated with higher scores on tests of visual and neural development in infants and children. The estimated average requirement and variability in requirement among individuals both of which are needed to set dietary recommended intakes (DRIs) for the different ω-3 fatty acids are unknown. However, because ω-3 fatty acids are essential, adequate intakes to minimize risk of poor neural development and function can be justified, but dose-response data to provide a safe upper limit with different ω-6 fatty acid intakes are needed. Dietary recommendations do affect the food supply and supplements and are used in labeling, all impacting population health. When scientific information is incomplete, consideration must be given to the implications of recommendations that focus on individual nutrients, rather than dietary patterns such as breast-feeding and consuming fish that promote health and minimize disease risk.