Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory activity of kappa-, mu-, and delta-selective opioid compounds.

1. Morphine, DAMGE and U50,488H each inhibit the in vitro proliferative response of murine splenocytes to the mitogenic agents PMA or SEB. The kappa agonist U50,488H is much more potent than either of the mu-receptor agonists. The immunosuppressive activity of U50,488H is reversed by the opioid antagonists naloxone or norBNI. On the other hand, the immunomodulatory activity of morphine is reversed only by naloxone. 2. The mu-receptor agonists morphine and DAMGE also inhibit the development of an antibody response in vitro. Much more potent inhibitory activity was also observed for the kappa agonists U50,488H and U69,593. The delta agonist DPDPE failed to exert measurable immunomodulatory activity under these experimental conditions. 3. The immunosuppressive activity of the kappa agonists was reversed by both naloxone and norBNI. In addition, the activity of these opioid compounds exhibited stereospecificity. 4. Strain analysis has revealed the existence of two groups of mouse strains. The relatively sensitive mouse strains appear to include the BALB/c, C57BL/6 and B10.A(5R) strains. Four relatively less sensitive strains have also been identified. 5. Immunomodulatory activity has been detected for the kappa-selective agonists in the mu receptor-deficient strain CxBK/ByJ. Both mu and delta agonists fail to exert immunosuppressive activity in this mouse strain.
Total scores of the CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery: validation for mild cognitive impairment and dementia patients with diverse etiologies.

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to validate the two total scores (TS-I and TS-II) of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease neuropsychological battery (CERAD-NP) for a large elderly population including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia patients with various etiologic backgrounds. The authors also investigated whether the addition of frontal-executive function score can improve the discrimination accuracy of the total scores for dementia and MCI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS One thousand three hundred thirty-six normal comparison (NC), 583 dementia (420 AD, 111 non-AD dementia, and 52 mixed AD with non-AD dementia), and 250 MCI (223 amnestic and 27 nonamnestic MCI) individuals living in the community were included (all aged 60 years and older). RESULTS Both TS-I and TS-II were highly correlated with other global cognitive and functional scales. Both total scores showed, though modest, superior NC versus MCI discrimination ability to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Their discrimination ability for NC versus dementia was excellent and significantly better, especially in discriminating very mild dementia, than MMSE. The addition of frontal-executive test score to TS-I or TS-II did not make a significant improvement in dementia or MCI discrimination ability. Both of them also showed higher test-retest and interrater reliability than MMSE or any individual neuropsychological tests in the CERAD-NP. CONCLUSION These results strongly support the validity and usefulness of CERAD total scores for early detection and progression monitoring of MCI and dementia in clinical and research settings.
Approaching the Post-Newtonian Regime with Numerical Relativity: A Compact-Object Binary Simulation Spanning 350 Gravitational-Wave Cycles.

We present the first numerical-relativity simulation of a compact-object binary whose gravitational waveform is long enough to cover the entire frequency band of advanced gravitational-wave detectors, such as LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA, for mass ratio 7 and total mass as low as 45. 5M_{⊙}. We find that effective-one-body models, either uncalibrated or calibrated against substantially shorter numerical-relativity waveforms at smaller mass ratios, reproduce our new waveform remarkably well, with a negligible loss in detection rate due to modeling error. In contrast, post-Newtonian inspiral waveforms and existing calibrated phenomenological inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms display greater disagreement with our new simulation. The disagreement varies substantially depending on the specific post-Newtonian approximant used.
Position control system based on inertia measurement unit sensor fusion with Kalman filter

This paper proposes position control system based on measurements of an inertia measurement unit (IMU) sensor (composed of a gyro sensor and an acceleration sensor) attached on the tip position of a 2-link planar manipulator. To estimate joint angle from only one IMU sensor, velocity applied to end effector is required. However, it is difficult to measure accurate velocity from integration of measurements of the acceleration sensor due to noise, offset and drift error. Therefore, Kalman filter and sensor fusion with acceleration sensor and gyro sensor are introduced to estimate the velocity with high accuracy. In addition to that, Disturbance observer (DOB) is used in the position control system, and the estimated angular velocity information is utilized in DOB. To confirm the performance of proposed control system, 3 types of simulation of position control are conducted. Kalman filter can reduce the noise effect and position control is achieved by proposed control system.
CNE Quiz: Probing the Relationship Between Evidence-Based Practice Implementation Models and Critical Thinking in Applied Nursing Practice.

Instructions: 1.2 contact hours will be awarded by Villanova University College of Nursing upon successful completion of this activity. A contact hour is a unit of measurement that denotes 60 minutes of an organized learning activity. This is a learner-based activity. Villanova University College of Nursing does not require submission of your answers to the quiz. A contact hour certificate will be awarded after you register, pay the registration fee, and complete the evaluation form online at http://goo.gl/gMfXaf. In order to obtain contact hours you must: 1. Read the article, “Probing the Relationship Between EvidenceBased Practice Implementation Models and Critical Thinking in Applied Nursing Practice,” found on pages 161-168, carefully noting any tables and other illustrative materials that are included to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the content. Be sure to keep track of the amount of time (number of minutes) you spend reading the article and completing the quiz. 2. Read and answer each question on the quiz. After completing all of the questions, compare your answers to those provided within this issue. If you have incorrect answers, return to the article for further study. 3. Go to the Villanova website to register for contact hour credit. You will be asked to provide your name, contact information, and a VISA, MasterCard, or Discover card number for payment of the $20.00 fee. Once you complete the online evaluation, a certificate will be automatically generated. This activity is valid for continuing education credit until March 31, 2019. Contact Hours This activity is co-provided by Villanova University College of Nursing and SLACK Incorporated. Villanova University College of Nursing is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation. Objectives • Describe the key components and characteristics related to evidence-based practice and critical thinking. • Identify the relationship between evidence-based practice and critical thinking. Disclosure Statement Neither the planners nor the author have any conflicts of interest to disclose. Probing the Relationship Between EvidenceBased Practice Implementation Models and Critical Thinking in Applied Nursing Practice
Récupération et exercice inducteur de dommages musculaires

Apres une competition, certains sportifs utilisent des strategies pour accelerer la recuperation des dommages musculaires. Le but general de cette these etait d’etudier les effets de differentes strategies sur les cinetiques de recuperation apres un exercice inducteur de dommages musculaires. Les objectifs des etudes realisees etaient : 1) de comparer les effets du bain froid (10 minutes a 10°C) et de la cryotherapie corps entier (3 minutes a -110°C) sur la recuperation ; 2) d’evaluer les effets d’une seance de musculation du haut du corps realisee le lendemain d’un exercice des membres inferieurs sur leur recuperation; 3) d’etudier les effets de la consommation d’un placebo en comparaison avec une condition controle sur les cinetiques de recuperation. Le modele experimental utilise pour induire des dommages musculaires dans ces trois etudes etait un exercice constitue de 5 series de 15 contractions excentriques maximales des flechisseurs du genou. Cet exercice etait caracterise par une baisse de la fonction musculaire, une augmentation des concentrations sanguines en creatine kinase et une augmentation des douleurs musculaires. La fonction musculaire, des marqueurs perceptifs et sanguins des dommages musculaires etaient egalement evalues au cours des 72h suivant cet exercice. Dans la premiere etude, le bain froid permettait d’accelerer la recuperation de la performance lors d’un saut en contre-mouvement sur une jambe et sur deux jambes 72h apres l’exercice en comparaison avec la cryotherapie corps entier. Dans la deuxieme etude, la musculation du haut du corps n’avait pas d’effet deletere sur la recuperation et avait un effet benefique modere sur la recuperation de la force concentrique 48h apres l’exercice. Dans la troisieme etude, la consommation d’un placebo presentait une tres forte probabilite d’avoir un effet benefique sur la performance en saut et les douleurs musculaires 72h apres exercice. La perception de la recuperation etait egalement moderement amelioree 72h apres exercice. En conclusion, les trois strategies de recuperation utilisees lors de ces etudes a savoir le bain froid, la seance de musculation et la consommation d’un placebo peuvent etre efficaces apres des exercices induisant des dommages musculaires.
Assessing the independent and combined effects of subsidies for antimalarials and rapid diagnostic testing on fever management decisions in the retail sector: results from a factorial randomised trial in western Kenya

Objectives There is an urgent need to understand how to improve targeting of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) to patients with confirmed malaria infection, including subsidised ACTs sold over-the-counter. We hypothesised that offering an antimalarial subsidy conditional on a positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) would increase uptake of testing and improve rational use of ACTs. Methods We designed a 2×2 factorial randomised experiment evaluating 2 levels of subsidy for RDTs and ACTs. Between July 2014 and June 2015, 444 individuals with a malaria-like illness who had not sought treatment were recruited from their homes. We used scratch cards to allocate participants into 4 groups in a ratio of 1:1:1:1. Participants were eligible for an unsubsidised or fully subsidised RDT and 1 of 2 levels of ACT subsidy (current retail price or an additional subsidy conditional on a positive RDT). Treatment decisions were documented 1 week later. Our primary outcome was uptake of malaria testing. Secondary outcomes evaluated ACT consumption among those with a negative test, a positive test or no test. Results Offering a free RDT increased the probability of testing by 18.6 percentage points (adjusted probability difference (APD), 95% CI 5.9 to 31.3). An offer of a conditional ACT subsidy did not have an additional effect on the probability of malaria testing when the RDT was free (APD=2.7; 95% CI −8.6 to 14.1). However, receiving the conditional ACT subsidy increased the probability of taking an ACT following a positive RDT by 19.5 percentage points (APD, 95% CI 2.2 to 36.8). Overall, the proportion who took ACT following a negative test was lower than those who took ACT without being tested, indicated improved targeting among those who were tested. Conclusions Both subsidies improved appropriate fever management, demonstrating the impact of these costs on decision making. However, the conditional ACT subsidy did not increase testing. We conclude that each of the subsidies primarily impacts the most immediate decision. Trial registration number NCT02199977.
Directional self-assembly of a colloidal metal-organic framework.

Materials science is at an early stage of learning to employ anisotropic interaction in self-assembly. One important approach towards this goal involves the study of nm-sized particles, but we note two limitations: first that this is a rather special case as the range of inter-particle interaction in suspensions is typically likewise nm in size, and secondly that the diffraction limit precludes visualizing adjacent nm-sized particles optically at the single-particle level. Among the various nm-sized particles that are known, polyhedra are particularly interesting. That new structures might result from the self-assembly of polyhedra was suggested by Monte Carlo simulation predictions of various non-trivial ordered structures or complex mesophase structures. Here, we report an experimental approach to extend the self-assembly of polyhedra to larger, colloidal scales. Metal-based particles have already been designed to this end; here we consider a different class of materials, which may offer a greater variety of colloidal building blocks and attainable applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers (PCPs) are recently developed materials prepared by co-crystallization of metal ions and bridging organic ligands; they offer a wide range of potential applications, among them gas storage, separation, catalysis, and drug delivery. These might be augmented if combined with aspects of particle self-assembly, which presents several potential advantages. First, the extension of MOF features to mm-size scales may allow interesting interactions with light, enabling photonic and sensing applications. Second, the extension to the volume included in mm-sized particles may allow interesting gas and other adsorption/ release features that because the positions of the particles can be controlled, goes beyond present-day applications in which MOF elements are fixed in space. Third, the nontrivial, nonspherical shapes of mm-sized MOFs may be useful for surface patterning and surface templating. While it is true that these applications remain to be realized, they provide motivation for studies of this kind. The robustness and high porosity of MOFs are suited for colloidal self-assembly, in which materials should have chemical/physical stability in liquid dispersion; moreover, sedimentation should be a minor issue as the density of MOFs is close to that of most solvents. Here we show the first example of supraparticle self-assembly of MOF crystals. A directional facet-to-facet attraction between particles through simple capillary or van der Waals attractions leads to the formation of well-defined clusters and hexagonal arrangements (Figure 1).
Adjustment of Discrepancies Between LIDAR Data Strips Using Linear Features

Despite the recent developments in light detection and ranging systems, discrepancies between strips on overlapping areas persist due to the systematic errors. This letter presents an algorithm that can be used to detect and adjust such discrepancies. To achieve this, extracting conjugate features from the strips is a prerequisite step. In this letter, linear features are chosen as conjugate features because they can be accurately extracted from man-made structures in urban area and more easily extracted than the point features. Based on such a selection strategy, a simple and robust algorithm is proposed that is generally applicable for extracting such features. The algorithm includes methods that can be used to establish observation equations from similarity measurements of the extracted features. Then, several transformations are selected and used to adjust the strips. Following the transformation, the fitness of linear features is tested to determine whether the discrepancies have been resolved; the results are then evaluated statistically. The results demonstrate that the algorithm is effective in reducing the discrepancies between the strips.
Synchronization of FitzHugh-Nagumo systems: An adaptive approach

In this article, synchronization of FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neurons is considered. Adaptive controller based on active compensation is adopted to drive the slave neuron to track the master neuron. Sufficient condition for asymptotic stability of the close-loop system is derived. Numerical simulation results are given to confirm the adaptive controller is valid.
Sociosexual Attitudes, Sociosexual Behaviors, and Alcohol Use.

OBJECTIVE Prior studies have demonstrated an association between high-risk sexual behavior and alcohol use, and there is emerging evidence that dating status and sexual behavior are related to risk for subsequent alcohol use. However, relatively little is known regarding the specific attitudinal or behavioral indicators of alcohol-related risk associated with sexual behavior. The present study distinguished between sociosexual attitudes and sociosexual behaviors, two aspects of sexual risk that may contribute to individual differences in drinking behavior. The primary hypothesis was that sociosexual attitudes would indirectly contribute to heavier drinking through greater engagement in sociosexual behaviors. METHOD Study hypotheses were tested using baseline data from an alcohol challenge study in a sample of young adult heavy drinkers (n = 211, 73.7% male). Participants completed surveys assessing typical drinking behavior and both sociosexual attitudes and sociosexual behaviors. RESULTS As hypothesized, sociosexual attitudes were indirectly related to heavier alcohol use through greater engagement in sociosexual behavior. However, the relation between sociosexual attitudes and sociosexual behaviors was stronger for men, as were the indirect effects of sociosexual attitudes on drinking behavior. CONCLUSIONS Engagement in sociosexual behavior appears to be a risk factor for heavy alcohol use. This highlights the potential utility of targeted alcohol interventions in settings associated with sexual risk, including sexually transmitted infection clinics and college campuses. Future research should explore the mechanisms through which sociosexual behaviors contribute to drinking outcomes to further inform targeted alcohol interventions and to bolster protective factors among those who engage in sociosexual behaviors.
Corrientes superficiales dentro del corredor arrecifal del Suroeste del Golfo de México

Frente a las costas del estado de Veracruz (Mexico) se conoce la ubicacion de grandes agrupaciones de arrecifes de coral conocidos como el “Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano”, el “Area de Proteccion de Flora y Fauna Sistema Arrecifal Lobos-Tuxpan” y el “Sistema Arrecifal de los Tuxtlas”, las cuales cuentan con numerosas estructuras individuales de mas de 1 kilometro de largo en su eje mayor. Estos grupos de arrecifes de coral se han estudiado desde un punto de vista multidisciplinario con la finalidad de encontrar una relacion entre ellos. El reto actual sobre el corredor arrecifal del suroeste del Golfo de Mexico es determinar desde las diferentes disciplinas como se da esta conectividad. Dado lo anterior en este estudio se uso el modelo “Regional Ocean Model System” (ROMS) para describir las corrientes marinas superficiales y estimar el tiempo de traslado de una larva o huevo de 5 mm entre los distintos sistemas arrecifales. Mediante los resultados obtenidos aqui se puede observar que la conectividad entre los tres sistemas arrecifales es clara durante la temporada de nortes, pero durante la temporada de suradas solo existe una conectividad entre los dos sistemas arrecifales del norte, dejando al Sistema Arrecifal de los Tuxtlas sin una conexion aparente con los otros dos sistemas.
The effect of systemically administered recombinant human nerve growth factor in healthy human subjects

This phase I double‐masked, randomized, placebocontrolled study evaluated the safety of single intravenous or subcutaneous doses of recombinant human nerve growth factor (rhNGF) in healthy human volunteers at doses ranging from 0.03 to 1 μg/kg. No life‐threatening adverse events were seen at any dose. At doses above 0.1 μg/kg, subjects reported mild to moderate muscle pain, primarily in the bulbar and truncal musculature. The duration and severity of these myalgias varied in a dosedependent manner, and women appeared to be more susceptible than men. Intravenous rhNGF produced earlier and more pronounced systemic effects than did identical subcutaneous doses. Subjects receiving subcutaneous rhNGF noted hyperalgesia at the injection site, a local effect persisting up to 7 weeks, that also varied in a dose‐dependent manner. Antibodies to NGF were not detected in any subject. These results indicate that systemically administered rhNGF exerts a characteristic and reproducible biological effect in healthy subjects at very low doses and in a dose‐dependent manner.
Feedback Regulation of GA5 Expression and Metabolic Engineering of Gibberellin Levels in Arabidopsis

The gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase encoded by the GA5 gene of Arabidopsis directs GA biosynthesis to active GAs, whereas that encoded by the P16 gene of pumpkin endosperm leads to biosynthesis of inactive GAs. Negative feedback regulation of GA5 expression was demonstrated in stems of Arabidopsis by bioactive GAs but not by inactive GA. In transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing P16, there was a severe reduction in the amounts of C20–GA intermediates, accumulation of large amounts of inactive GA25 and GA17, a reduction in GA4 content, and a small increase in GA1. However, due to feedback regulation, expression of GA5 and GA4, the gene coding for the subsequent 3β-hydroxylase, was greatly increased to compensate for the effects of the P16 transgene. Consequently, stem height was only slightly reduced in the transgenic plants.
Serological Evidence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis A Virus among Blood Donors in Three Tertiary Hospitals in Sokoto State Nigeria

Globally, Hepatitis-A Virus (HAV) is a major etiology of acute hepatitis. Though, enterically transmitted, there is evidence HAV being transmitted through of blood transfusion. The presence of HAV antibodies may indicate infectious threat to blood transfusion safety. In view of these, the present study was aimed to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of HAV among blood donors in three tertiary Hospitals in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from one hundred and sixty eight (168) blood donors >20 years. Sera from these samples were investigated for anti- HAV specific IgG and IgM antibodies using a commercial enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kits. Structured questionnaires were used to access sociodemographic variables of subjects Seroprevalence of HAV- specific IgG and IgM were 86.3. 1% and 0.0%, respectively. Of 168 blood donors, 145 had previous exposure to HAV [IgG (+) IgM (-), and none had recent infection [IgG (-) IgM (+)], 23 were susceptible to HAV [IgG (-) IgM (-). There was no significant association between seroprevalence and any of the risk factors and sociodemographic variables studied (p>0.05). Findings from this study revealed that larger proportion of blood donors are already immune to HAV infection, while none of them had active HAV infection. The high prevalence of Hepatitis A antibodies among the studied subject reflects a high HAV transmission rate in this area. Hence, determination of HAV should be taken into consideration before blood transfusion.