Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Macro- and Micro-Facial Expression Spotting and Applications

Automatically determining the temporal characteristics of facial expressions has extensive application domains such as human-machine interfaces for emotion recognition, face identification, as well as medical analysis. However, many papers in the literature have not addressed the step of determining when such expressions occur. This dissertation is focused on the problem of automatically segmenting macroand micro-expressions frames (or retrieving the expression intervals) in video sequences, without the need for training a model on a specific subset of such expressions. The proposed method exploits the non-rigid facial motion that occurs during facial expressions by modeling the strain observed during the elastic deformation of facial skin tissue. The method is capable of spotting both macro expressions which are typically associated with emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, and surprise, and rapid microexpressions which are typically, but not always, associated with semi-suppressed macro-expressions. Additionally, we have used this method to automatically retrieve strain maps generated from peak expressions for human identification. This dissertation also contributes a novel 3-D surface strain estimation algorithm using commodity 3-D sensors aligned with an HD camera. We demonstrate the feasibility of the method, as well as the improvements gained when using 3-D, by providing empirical and quantitative comparisons between 2-D and 3-D strain estimations.
PRACTICAL STABILIZATION OF THE EXTENDED NONHOLONOMIC DOUBLE INTEGRATOR

This paper derives hybrid control laws for the extended nonholonomic double integrator (ENDI). A new logic-based hybrid controller is proposed that yields global stability and convergence of the trajectories of the closed loop system to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the origin. The problem of practical stabilization of the ENDI system under input saturation constraints and in the presence of small input additive disturbances is also posed and solved. Stability and convergence proofs are presented. Simulations illustrate the performance of the controllers derived.
Behavioral Responses of Apis mellifera Adult Workers to Odors from Healthy Brood and Diseased Brood

Studies of adult workers’ responses to infected brood were undertaken to isolate discrete volatile compounds that elicited honeybee hygienic behavior. Using a freeze-killed brood assay, we determined that in healthy colonies adult workers recognized and emptied infected cells with a 95% clearance rate. SPME-GC-MS results emptied >95% infected cells indicated differences in the composition and relative content of volatile compounds released by healthy and diseased brood. Additionally, we determined that the main volatile compound released from the pathogen Ascosphaera apis was phenethyl alcohol. The Y-tube olfactometer indicated that 10- to 20-day-old workers of healthy colonies, but only 15-day-old workers of diseased colonies, were significantly sensitive to differences in characteristic volatile compounds. This information could facilitate honey bee selection based on mechanisms that contribute to chalkbrood disease tolerance.
Measuring the impact of minimum wage policies on the economy

This paper undertakes a statistical analysis of the effect of minimum wages (MWs) on different population groups. The underlying question for this analysis relates to the probability bias exerted by certain protective government regulations in terms of the unemployment prospects of specific groups. Several cross-sectional data and a standard human capital model corrected for selectivity bias are used to analyze the case of Chile, where high structural unemployment has been a remarkable feature of the 1970s and 1980s. The main conclusions show that the coverage of the MW is more significant for the young and the less educated, and there exists a negative relationship between human capital stock and actual coverage of MWs. It is also shown that previous statistical analysis of this issue, both in the case of Chile and in industrial countries may have underestimated the negative impact of MWs because they do not correct for selectivity bias.
Noticing through Input Enhancement : Does it Affect Learning of the Conditionals ?

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether noticing through input enhancement had any impact on the acquisition of English conditional sentences in Iranian EFL learners. Two intact classes with 26 female students in each were chosen. A proficiency test administered at the commencement of the study showed that the two groups were homogeneous in terms of their language proficiency. The standardized achievement pretest signified that the two groups were unfamiliar with the target structures prior to the treatment. The study employed a pre test post test non-equivalent groups design with two groups. The Enhanced group (Experimental group) received a set of materials in which the If-clauses were enhanced through enlargement and different combinations of bolding, italics, and underlining; whereas, the Unenhanced group (Control group) received the same set of texts with no enhancement on If-clauses. The independent t-test computed between the means of the two groups showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the performances of the two groups on the achievement post test. Besides, a retrospection questionnaire for operationalizing noticing was used after the treatment. The analysis of the students' answers showed that input enhancement had helped the participants in the experimental group learn the conditional sentences.
Quantile technique to precipitation, rainfall anomaly index and biophysical parameters by remote sensing in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco

The occurrence of extreme events is a current reality that causes socioeconomic and environmental damages in the world. Increasingly, the occurrence of these events and their relation to anthropic actions are being investigated. Several methods have been used to identify and characterize extreme events to precipitation, mainly the quantile technique and the rainfall anomaly index (RAI). The objective of this paper was to identify years with extreme events to precipitation and to evaluate biophysical parameters to the surface by remote sensing through the use of orbital images. Parameters such as surface albedo, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for years with extreme events were estimated using the ERDAS IMAGINE ® 9.1 Software, from the implementation of the SEBAL algorithm. The study area is located in the municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco. The thematic maps of the region were generated from the ArcGIS ® 10.2. 2 Software. For the Quantile of the years 1993, 1998, 2012, 2016 were classified as very dry, and for RAI the years 1993, 1998, 2012 were classified as extremely dry. The main differences between albedo and NDVI were observed through descriptive statistics. Quantile technique allowed the classification of annual precipitations, showing the interannual rainfall variability in the years 2011 and 2012, also confirming that the average for the normal years is characteristic of the semi-arid region. RAI allowed to identify the largest extreme events of precipitation in the years 1989 and 1998. The surface albedo had little variation due to the spatial and temporal analysis of the images, as did the NDVI. However, both the rainfall anomaly index and the Quantile technique are relevant and effective tools for rainfall classification and the remote sensing techniques as a tool to investigate the use and occupation of the soil, proved to be of great importance, helping the management and conservation of the soil.
Low relative humid ty triggers RNA-directed de novo DNA suppression of genes controlling stomatal development

In mammals, cadmium is widely considered as a non-genotoxic carcinogen acting through a methylation-dependent epigenetic mechanism. Here, the effects of Cd treatment on the DNA methylation patten are examined together with its effect on chromatin reconfiguration in Posidonia oceanica. DNA methylation level and pattern were analysed in actively growing organs, under short(6 h) and long(2 d or 4 d) term and low (10 mM) and high (50 mM) doses of Cd, through a Methylation-Sensitive Amplification Polymorphism technique and an immunocytological approach, respectively. The expression of one member of the CHROMOMETHYLASE (CMT) family, a DNA methyltransferase, was also assessed by qRT-PCR. Nuclear chromatin ultrastructure was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Cd treatment induced a DNA hypermethylation, as well as an up-regulation of CMT, indicating that de novo methylation did indeed occur. Moreover, a high dose of Cd led to a progressive heterochromatinization of interphase nuclei and apoptotic figures were also observed after long-term treatment. The data demonstrate that Cd perturbs the DNA methylation status through the involvement of a specific methyltransferase. Such changes are linked to nuclear chromatin reconfiguration likely to establish a new balance of expressed/repressed chromatin. Overall, the data show an epigenetic basis to the mechanism underlying Cd toxicity in plants.
A Welfare Analysis of Intellectual Property Bundling

Intellectual property owners often hold the rights to several patents, each of which is essential to make or use a product. We compare the welfare properties of package licenses, under which a licensee pays the same fee regardless of the number of technologies licensed, with component licenses, under which each technology is licensed separately and there is no quantity discount. A central finding is that a long-term package license can induce incentives to invent around patents and invest in complementary assets that are closer to their socially optimal levels than are those induced by a long-term component license. We also identify settings in which a short-term license is a partial substitute for a package license and a prohibition on package licensing induces parties to adopt contracts that result in less efficient complementary investment because of hold-up.
A New Adaptive Elastic Net Method for Cluster Analysis

Clustering is inherently a highly challenging research problem. The elastic net algorithm is designed to solve the traveling salesman problem initially, now is verified to be an efficient tool for data clustering in n-dimensional space. In this paper, by introducing a nearest neighbor learning method and a local search preferred strategy, we proposed a new Self-Organizing NN approach, called the Adaptive Clustering Elastic Net (ACEN) to solve the cluster analysis problems. ACEN consists of the adaptive clustering elastic net phase and a local search preferred phase. The first phase is used to find a cyclic permutation of the points as to minimize the total distances of the adjacent points, and adopts the Euclidean distance as the criteria to assign each point. The local search preferred phase aims to minimize the total dissimilarity within each clusters. Simulations were made on a large number of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous artificial clusters in n dimensions and a set of publicly standard problems available from UCI. Simulation results show that compared with classical partitional clustering methods, ACEN can provide better clustering solutions and do more efficiently.
Peptide and Protein Interaction Prediction and Intervention with Computational Methods Review Article Trends in Peptide and Protein Sciences

Proteins are the most fascinating multifaceted biomacromolecules in living systems and play various important roles such as structural, sensory, catalytic, and regulatory function. Protein and peptide interactions have emerged as an important and challenging topic in biochemistry and medicinal chemistry. Computational methods as promising tools have been utilized to predict protein and peptide interactions in order to intervene in the biochemical processes and facilitate pharmaceutical peptide design and clarify the complications. This review will introduce the computational methods which are applicable in protein and peptide interaction prediction and summarizes the most successful examples of computational methods described in the literature. Peptide and Protein Interaction Prediction and Intervention with Computational Methods Review Article Trends in Peptide and Protein Sciences 2017ˏVol. 2ˏ No. 1ˏ 8-14
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Organ Transplantation: A Review of the Literature

The clinical features of the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) as risk factors for transplantation have been cited separately and extensively in the transplant literature. There are few studies in literature evaluating the prevalence of MS before and after solid organ transplantation. MS puts transplant patients at risk in in two ways: 1) MS is one more risk factor to be considered in the pretransplantation workup; and 2) the combined risk of cardiovascular disease post-transplantation as a side effect of immunosuppressive medication together with the risk from cardiovascular disease stemming from the MS might put a post-transplantation patient at vastly increased risk for a cardiovascular event. There are several reports on the treatment of MS expecially after transplantation; from lifestyle changes to drug therapies. However, to now, guidelines about management of these patients are lacking.
Paternal unemployment during childhood: Causal effects on youth worklessness and educational attainment

Using long-running data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (1984-2012) we investigate the impact of paternal unemployment on child labor market and education outcomes. We first describe correlation patterns and then use sibling fixed effects and the Gottschalk (1996) method to identify the causal effects of paternal unemployment. We find different patterns for sons and daughters. Paternal unemployment does not seem to causally affect the outcomes of sons. In contrast, it increases both daughters' worklessness and educational attainment. We test the robustness of the results and explore potential explanations.
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION TOWARD EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THE PURCHASE INTENTION OF GREEN PRODUCTS

This study examines the effect of environmental attitudes, environmental concern, and social influence on the purchase intention of green products. In recent years, environmental issues are of great interest among the researchers, countries and academics. In addition to this, climate changes, global warming, health concerns and environmental issues are expressed as factors that lead consumers to green behavior in purchasing behaviors. With the increasing environmental awareness of the consumers, it seems that they tend to purchase environment-friendly goods and services and support the companies which have conducted environmental applications. In the context of theory of planned behavior (TPB), the research is structured on the basis of studies on purchase intention of green products and its determinants. The research was conducted as an empirical study with the help of the survey method to be tested hypothesis. Data were collected via face-to-face structured questionnaire technique from the consumers who are over the 18 years old. The 1 This study is extended version that presented as abstract version at the II. International Conference on Economics, Business Management and Social Sciences held on 10-14 May, in Belgrade/Serbia. Yeşil Ürün Satın Alma Niyetini Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme The Journal of Academic Social Science Yıl: 5, Sayı: 58, Kasım 2017, s. 51-70 52 empirical results show that environmental attitudes, environmental concern and social influence have a significant impact on purchase intention of green products.
Interactive comment on “ Interference of sulphur dioxide to balloon-borne ECC ozone sensors over the Valley of Mexico ” by I .

Kanda et al. investigate the potential interference of SO2 in O3 concentrations measured by electrochemical cells used in ozone-sondes. They observed drastic drops in the signal of these cells during a number of ozone-sonde launches over Mexico City and assumed that the cause was large plumes of SO2 emitted by a nearby volcano and a large industrial complex. They used the WRF and FLEXPART models to test their hypothesis, as well as conducted lab experiments to evaluate the SO2 interference in the electrochemical cells.
Sialic acid receptors: focus on their role in influenza infection

: Receptor-binding specificity is a major determinant of host range, pathogenesis, and interspecies transmission in influenza virus. Recognition of different conformations of sialic acid by the influenza virus hemagglutinin has driven influenza intra- and interspecies transmission for nearly 100 years since the first human pandemic was recorded in 1918. Key amino acid residues near or at the receptor-binding site of the hemagglutinin of different influenza A subtypes cor-relate with the ability of the virus to infect and replicate in the upper or lower respiratory tract of the host and transmit efficiently. A global concern exists for those highly pathogenic avian viruses that have emerged with the potential to cause a novel pandemic in humans. Studying the receptor-binding affinity to sialic acid receptors as a marker of pandemic risk could provide reliable measures to aid in timely pandemic planning and surveillance worldwide.
C D ] 2 0 Fe b 20 15 Impact of leader on cluster synchronization

Sarika Jalan∗, Aradhana Singh, Suman Acharya, and Jürgen Kurths Complex Systems Lab, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore-452017 Centre for Bio-Science and Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore-452017 3 Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380009 4 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, D-14412 Potsdam and 5 Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen-AB243FX
The effect of multiple directorships on real and accrual-based earnings management:evidence from Saudi listed firms

Purpose - The study aims to examine the effect of multiple directorships on accrual-based earnings management and real earnings management. It analyses whether earnings management practices in the Saudi context increase or decrease with the average number of multiple directorships. Design/methodology/approach - The study uses the approach by Roychowdhury (2006) to capture the level of real earnings management and uses the cross-sectional model by Jones (1991) to measure accrual-based earnings management. Findings - The paper provides partial evidence supporting the “busyness” hypothesis where earnings management practices increase with the number of multiple directorships. The evidence shows that multiple directorships have a positive and significant effect on real earnings management in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. However, we find no significant impact of multiple directorships on accrual-based earnings management. Originality/value - This is the first study that empirically investigates the relationship between multiple directorships and earnings management in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper contributes to the limited literature on multiple directorships in developing countries by examining their impact on opportunistic real earnings management.
Productivity and Institutions

Differences in productivity account for differences in output per capita between countries as well as changes in output and the standard of living for each country over long periods of time. During the first industrial revolution, one could already see the emergence of two groups of countries: the high- and the low-GDP per capita countries. The list of countries belonging to the highproductivity group has not changed much over the past century. Differences in institutions separate the two clubs. The high-productivity group is, amongst many other differences, characterized by less corruption, a better legal system, superior enforcement of contracts, a lower cost of starting a business and lower tariffs. Historical output series for Britain going back to the mid-19th century show that productivity has increased greatly and improved the standard of living.
Quality Management Practices for Business Services : A Research Agenda from a Buyer's Perspective

This paper is part of a larger research project investigating how buying companies apply practices of quality management for their externally sourced business services. Quality management for business services in professional procurement has not attracted much academic attention so far, as literature on service quality focused on consumer services and studies on quality management mainly adopted the perspective of a goods or service provider. The insights obtained can assist purchasers to decide on quality management practices to best suit certain types of business services. Service providers will benefit by better understanding which practices of quality management buying companies use and thus become able to adjust their service offerings to better match requirements. Based upon a literature review in the areas of service quality and quality management, the paper will present a research framework, preliminary propositions and a potential research methodology.
Semi-continuity for total dimension divisors of \'etale sheaves

In this article, we extend a pull-back inequality for total dimension divisors of \'etale sheavs due to Saito. Using this formula, we generalize Deligne and Laumon's lower semi-continuous property for Swan conductors of \'etale sheaves on relative curves to higher relative dimensions in a geometric situation.
Effect of hyphal micromorphology on bioreactor performance of antibiotic-producing Saccharopolyspora erythraea cultures

When Saccharopolyspora erythraea biomass from submerged culture was filtered (100-120 μn sintered glass filter) the antibiotic yield of the retentate (mean hyphal particle diameter 103 μm) was significantly higher [1.740 mg (mg biomass)-1] than that of the filtrate [1.286 mg (mg biomass)-1; mean hyphal particle diameter 88 μn]. A hypothesis to explain this is that there is a critical hyphal particle diameter, below which the particle is incapable of producing antibiotic. This would be a consequence of the site of antibiotic production occurring at a fixed distance from the growing hyphal tip. A protocol is proposed for calculation of the hypothetical critical hyphal diameter (88 μm in this case). The proportion of retentate (more productive) fraction of biomass varied between 60% and 30% during the course of a batch culture. Bioreactor stirrer speed significantly affected mean hyphal particle diameter (70 fim at 1500 r.p.m.; 124 μm at 750 r.p.m.) and antibiotic productivity [0.867 mg (mg biomass)-1 at 1500 r.p.m. ; 0.913 mg (mg biomass)-1 at 750 r.p.m. ].
A P ] 8 J an 2 01 6 POHOZAEV IDENTITIES FOR ANISOTROPIC INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS

We find and prove new Pohozaev identities and integration by parts type formulas for anisotropic integro-differential operators of order 2s, with s ∈ (0, 1). These identities involve local boundary terms, in which the quantity u/d|∂Ω plays the role that ∂u/∂ν plays in the second order case. Here, u is any solution to Lu = f(x, u) in Ω, with u = 0 in R \ Ω, and d is the distance to ∂Ω.
Mission Orbit Design of CubeSat Impactor Measuring Lunar Local Magnetic Field

Copyright © The Korean Space Science Society http://janss.kr plSSN: 2093-5587 elSSN: 2093-1409 Received 1 JUN 2017 Revised 9 JUN 2017 Accepted 9 JUN 2017 †Corresponding Author Tel: +82-2-2123-5687, E-mail: spark624@yonsei.ac. kr ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1962-4038 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Paper J. Astron. Space Sci. 34(2), 127-138 (2017) https://doi.org/10.5140/JASS.2017. 34.2. 127