Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust signal extrapolation using wavelets

A new approach for signal extrapolation based on wavelet representation: known as scale-time limited extrapolation and a denoising process is investigated in this research. We first examine a new signal modeling technique using wavelets and the corresponding scale-time limited signal extrapolation algorithm. Then, the sensitivity of the algorithm to noise is discussed, and a denoising algorithm based on the time-localization property of the wavelet transform is proposed. By integrating the denoising process and the iterative scale-time limited extrapolation algorithm, we obtain a very robust signal extrapolation algorithm for noisy data. A simulation result of signal extrapolation from noisy observed data is presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed robust signal extrapolation algorithm. <<ETX>>
Structured light patterns for robot mobility

The authors describe some of the important operational considerations and image processing tasks required to utilize a nonscanning structured-light range sensor in path planning for robot mobility. The efforts have concentrated on the geometric design of the projectional grid with regard to smoothing of fine-scale range texture, and the development of image processing techniques in order to extract the deformed grid from the image. Particular emphasis is placed on the issues of operating in ambient lighting, smoothing of range texture, grid pattern selection, albedo normalization, grid extraction, and coarse registration of images to the projected grid. Once the grid is extracted, its global order allows intersections to be labeled, and disparities assigned and converted to range data. This range map can then be converted to a 'topography map' to be used for planning short-range paths through the environment while avoiding obstacles. >
Data Mining on Dengue Virus Disease

Dengue infection is an epidemic disease typically found in tropical region. Symptoms of the disease show rapid and violent for patients in a short time. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies the dengue infection as Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Symptoms of DHF are divided into 4 types. The problem might be happen when an expert misdiagnoses dengue infection. For Example, an expert diagnosed a patient as non dengue or DF even if a patient was a DHF patient. That might be the cause of dead if patient did not receive treatment. Therefore, we selected data mining approach to solve this problem. We employed decision tree algorithm to learn from data set in order to create new knowledge. The first experimental result shows useful knowledge to classify dengue infection levels into 4 groups (DF, DHF I, DHF II, and DHF III). An average accuracy is 96.50 %. The second experimental result shows the tree and a set of rules to classify dengue infection levels into 2 groups followed by our assumption. An accuracy is 96.00 %. Furthermore, we compared our performance in term of false negative values to WHO and some researchers and found that our research outperforms those criteria, as well.
Supporting Different Patterns of Interaction through Context-Aware Data Management

Ubiquitous and mobile computing often introduce novel modes of interaction with different interaction patterns than those typical of traditional desktop applications. Therefore, there is a need to extend general models and systems for context-awareness to include adaptation of interaction styles to context. We present an object-oriented data management system that supports context-awareness through a notion of multi-variant objects and describe how it was used to implement context-aware interaction patterns. Our approach was motivated by our experiences of developing a mobile application that offered an interface based on a set of interactive paper documents alongside a regular web interface and we use this example to explain the issues and our solution in detail.
Coeliac disease: follow‐up linkage study provides further support for existence of a susceptibility locus on chromosome 11p11

Susceptibility to coeliac disease has a strong genetic component. The HLA associations have been well described but it is clear that other genes outside this region must also be involved in disease development. Two previous genome‐wide linkage studies using the affected sib pair method produced conflicting results. Our own family based linkage study of 16 highly informative pedigrees identified 17 possibly linked regions, each of which produced a result significant at p < 0.05 or less.
Gebruik van spraakproductiemodellen in de klinische setting

Wat is een model? Wat is het verschil tussen een model en een theorie? Sommige mensen gebruiken het woord theorie terwijl anderen daarvoor het woord model gebruiken. Kent, Adams & Turner (1996) vinden het nuttig om de twee te onderscheiden. De auteurs definieren een model als een gesimplificeerde beschrijving van een complex systeem of een proces. Modelleren helpt de wetenschapper om de sleutelcomponenten van een complex systeem of proces te identificeren. Het gaat dan om systemen of processen die te ingewikkeld zijn om ze in hun volledige, natuurlijke vorm te kunnen begrijpen. Een model kan gekoppeld worden aan een theorie en kan gebruikt worden om een theorie te testen. Een theorie is volgens de auteurs daarentegen een alomvattende voorstelling, die bekende feiten op een compacte manier omvat, inclusief een verzameling aannames en een aantal principes waaruit voorspellingen kunnen worden afgeleid. Een andere manier om tegen het verschil tussen model en theorie aan te kijken is dat een model vaak wordt gebruikt als een analogie van de theorie, met name om de theorie te visualiseren.
Kollaborative Verbesserung von Ideen auf webbasierten Ideenplattformen

Lediglich ein Bruchteil der Ideen auf webbasierten Ideenplattformen kann von Firmen ausgewertet und umgesetzt werden. Das wird insbesondere dadurch unterstutzt, dass aktuelle Plattformen sehr gezielt fur die Entwicklung von moglichst viel Inhalt durch viele Beteiligte entworfen werden. Um jedoch besser von den Ideen der Plattformnutzer profitieren zu konnen, ist eine starkere Fokussierung auf die Qualitat der generierten Ideen notwendig. Dieser Beitrag demonstriert, wie Benutzerkollaboration auf webbasierten Ideenplattformen unterstutzt werden kann. Das vorgestellte Kollaborationswerkzeug versetzt motivierte Teilnehmer in die Lage gemeinsam an der Verbesserung der bereits existierenden Ideen mitzuwirken. Dabei durchlaufen Sie einen strukturierten Prozess, der fur beliebige Ideen wiederholbar abgebildet wird.
A paradoxical improvement of misreaching in optic ataxia: new evidence for two separate neural systems for visual localization

We tested a patient (A. T.) with bilateral brain damage to the parietal lobes, whose resulting ‘optic ataxia’ causes her to make large pointing errors when asked to locate single light emitting diodes presented in her visual field. We report here that, unlike normal individuals, A. T. 's pointing accuracy improved when she was required to wait for 5 s before responding. This counter–intuitive result is interpreted as reflecting the very brief time–scale on which visuomotor control systems in the superior parietal lobe operate. When an immediate response was required, A. T. 's damaged visuomotor system caused her to make large errors; but when a delay was required, a different, more flexible, visuospatial coding system—presumably relatively intact in her brain—came into play, resulting in much more accurate responses. The data are consistent with a dual processing theory whereby motor responses made directly to visual stimuli are guided by a dedicated system in the superior parietal and premotor cortices, while responses to remembered stimuli depend on perceptual processing and may thus crucially involve processing within the temporal neocortex.
Evaluation of the CEL‐100 videolaryngoscopeTM for double‐lumen tracheal tube insertion after failure using the Macintosh laryngoscope

We prospectively evaluated the CEL‐100 videolaryngoscopeTM for insertion of double‐lumen tracheal tubes in 48 consecutive patients who had been found to have an unanticipated Cormack and Lehane grade 3 (n = 43) and grade 4 (n = 5) laryngeal view and in whom two attempts at tracheal intubation using the Macintosh laryngoscope had failed. When the CEL‐100 was subsequently employed, the glottic view improved in 45 (94%) patients. The view improved by one grade in 15 (31%) patients and by two grades in 30 (63%) patients, compared with the Macintosh blade (p < 0.001). Double‐lumen tracheal tube insertion was successful when using the CEL‐100 in 43 out of 48 patients (90%; 95% CI 81–98%). This occurred on the first attempt in 27 (56%) patients, 14 (29%) on the second and two (4%) on the third. We conclude that the CEL‐100 videolaryngoscope is an effective device in this context, and we therefore propose that this device can be used in circumstances when double‐lumen tube insertion proves difficult.
The Scl1 protein of M6‐type group A Streptococcus binds the human complement regulatory protein, factor H, and inhibits the alternative pathway of complement

Non‐specific activation of the complement system is regulated by the plasma glycoprotein factor H (FH). Bacteria can avoid complement‐mediated opsonization and phagocytosis through acquiring FH to the cell surface. Here, we characterize an interaction between the streptococcal collagen‐like protein Scl1.6 of M6‐type group A Streptococcus (GAS) and FH. Using affinity chromatography with immobilized recombinant Scl1.6 protein, we co‐eluted human plasma proteins with molecular weight of 155 kDa, 43 kDa and 38 kDa. Mass spectrometry identified the 155 kDa band as FH and two other bands as isoforms of the FH‐related protein‐1. The identities of all three bands were confirmed by Western immunoblotting with specific antibodies. Structure–function relation studies determined that the globular domain of the Scl1.6 variant specifically binds FH while fused to collagenous tails of various lengths. This binding is not restricted to Scl1.6 as the phylogenetically linked Scl1.55 variant also binds FH. Functional analyses demonstrated the cofactor activity of the rScl1.6‐bound FH for factor I‐mediated cleavage of C3b. Finally, purified FH bound to the Scl1.6 protein present in the cell wall material obtained from M6‐type GAS. In conclusion, we have identified a functional interaction between Scl1 and plasma FH, which may contribute to GAS evasion of complement‐mediated opsonization and phagocytosis.
Sur une approche de l'analyse en composantes indépendantes à la compression des images multi composantes. (An independent component analysis approach to multi component images compression)

Dans une premiere partie, nous definissons plusieurs schemas de compression en partant de l'etat de l'art qu'est JPEG 2000 aujourd'hui. Les schemas de compressions que nous avons definis proposent d'utiliser une transformation pour la reduction de la redondance spatiale transformee en ondelette discrete (TOD) et une autre transformation pour reduire la redondance spectrale. Les transformations optimales sous les hypotheses faible distortion, permettant de reduire la redondance spectrale, s'obtiennent dans certains cas en minimisant un critere qui peut etre interprete comme le critere de l'analyse en composantes independantes (ACI) (minimisation de l'information mutuelle) additionne d'un terme toujours positif ou nul qui est une certaine mesure a l'orthogonalite de la transformation obtenue. Les performances obtenues en integrant ces transformations dans nos schemas de compression montrent une amelioration des performances en comparaison a la transformation de Karhunen Loeve (TKL). Dans la deuxieme partie, nous proposons un modele de melange convolutif pour rechercher une transformation unique reduisant a la fois les redondances spatiales et spectrales. Nous definissons le critere a minimiser sous les hypotheses faibles distortions et nous montrons que ce critere peut s'interprete comme celui de l'ACI pour la separation et deconvolution lorsque le critere a minimiser est l'information mutuelle auquel s'additionne un terme toujours positif ou nul. Puis nous proposons deux algorithmes permettant d'obtenir d'une part la transformation minimisant le critere dans le cas general, et d'autre part celle qui minimise le critere sous la contrainte que la distorsion dans le domaine transformee est la meme que celle du domaine de l'image.
Heterogenous properties of dentate granule neurons in the adult rat.

Postnatal neurogenesis contributes substantially to the neuronal population of the adult dentate gyrus. We report here that the neurons located in the deep aspects of the granule cell layer, near the proliferative zone, have different properties from those located in the superficial layers. The former group of neurons, tentatively designated as young, can be readily identified in a standard hippocampal slice preparation by morphological, immunohistochemical, and electrophysiological criteria. Electrophysiological recordings and imaging with Lucifer yellow from these neurons in the standard hippocampal slice preparation showed one or two main dendrites and conically shaped branches possessing varicose protrusions. These features are in agreement with the appearance of the same population of young neurons immunopositive for TOAD-64, a marker for immature neurons. In disinhibited slices, these putative young neurons are distinguished from the mature neurons, located in the superficial granule cell layer, by showing paired pulse facilitation and having a lower threshold for induction of long-term potentiation. The putative young neurons are completely unaffected by GABA(A) inhibition and always display robust long-term potentiation. In contrast, the mature neurons never produce long-term potentiation when the GABA(A) inhibition is intact. We propose that the heterogeneity of the functional properties of the granule neurons is related to the ongoing neurogenesis in the adult animals.
Acute effects of fatigue to strength and power variables in edurance trained athletes

Ville Vahakoitti (2015). Acute effects of fatigue to strength and power variables in endurance trained athletes. Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyvaskyla, Bachelor Thesis of Science of Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing, 39 p, 5 appendices. The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to investigate how fatigue affects strength and power in endurance trained athletes. This thesis is written for the athletes, coaches and researchers in the field of sport. Total of 7 endurance athletes (age 23.3 years ± 1.3, height 174.7 cm ± 6.4, weight 66.5 kg ± 8.4) volunteered for the study, 4 male and 3 female. Hypotheses were that measured variables do not decrease after fatiguing protocol and that the potentiation may counteract fatigue. Fatigue was induced in a continuous maximal treadmill running, where speed was increased every five minutes by one km/h. When necessary, after 45 minutes of running, speed was increased every minute by one km/h till exhaustion. Strength and power were tested before, during and after running with countermovement jump (CMJ), dynamic leg press power and maximal force of isometric leg press, respectively. Results showed statistical increase in CMJ height at every measurement point, between pre run and 15 min (p = 0.005**), pre run and 30 min (p = 0.009**), pre run and post run (p = 0.033*) and pre run and post 10 (p = 0.049*). Changes in CMJ and lactate did not correlate between each other. Dynamic leg press and isometric leg press results stayed levelled, or increased, but the changes were not statistically significant. Post run heart rate (HR) was 186 (± 5.6) and post run lactate (LA) 11.2 (±1.9), which both demonstrate maximal effort. No changes were found between control and pre run values in any of the strength tests. From these results it can be concluded that maximal running did not induce fatigue in any of the strength measurements. Endurance athletes seems to be fatigue resistant and are able to maintain their strength levels during and after fatigue. Based on prior studies, CMJ results may have increased because of the potentiation in muscles. Data obtained here could be used in developing warm-up, training and competition protocols for endurance athletes.
Outperforming nature's membranes

Ultrathin synthetic membranes that reach a record permeability can clean up organic solutions [Also see Report by Karan et al.] Industrial chemical reactions or biosynthetic processes rarely yield pure products, and the additional separation steps typically required often make up the largest part of the product cost. Membrane separations are considered among the most efficient methods, deriving inspiration from the membranes in living cells. Intriguingly, on page 1347 of this issue, Karan et al. (1) show that synthetic membranes may get close to and eventually outperform their soft biological counterparts in many aspects. They targeted the rapidly developing field of organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) (2). Such membrane filtration of nonaqueous solutions may help make chemical synthesis (3) more efficient and environmentally friendly by separating and recycling solvents, reactants, products, and catalysts.
The origin of replicators and reproducers

Replicators are fundamental to the origin of life and evolvability. Their survival depends on the accuracy of replication and the efficiency of growth relative to spontaneous decay. Infrabiological systems are built of two coupled autocatalytic systems, in contrast to minimal living systems that must comprise at least a metabolic subsystem, a hereditary subsystem and a boundary, serving respective functions. Some scenarios prefer to unite all these functions into one primordial system, as illustrated in the lipid world scenario, which is considered as a didactic example in detail. Experimentally produced chemical replicators grow parabolically owing to product inhibition. A selection consequence is survival of everybody. The chromatographized replicator model predicts that such replicators spreading on surfaces can be selected for higher replication rate because double strands are washed away slower than single strands from the surface. Analysis of real ribozymes suggests that the error threshold of replication is less severe by about one order of magnitude than thought previously. Surface-bound dynamics is predicted to play a crucial role also for exponential replicators: unlinked genes belonging to the same genome do not displace each other by competition, and efficient and accurate replicases can spread. The most efficient form of such useful population structure is encapsulation by reproducing vesicles. The stochastic corrector model shows how such a bag of genes can survive, and what the role of chromosome formation and intragenic recombination could be. Prebiotic and early evolution cannot be understood without the models of dynamics.
Treatment of type 2 diabetes

PREVIEW In this second of two articles on treatment of type 2 diabetes, the authors discuss the addition of injection therapy to the failing existing oral regimen. A new option is exenatide, first in a new class of drugs called incretin mimetics. The use of once-daily and multiple injection insulin choices is also described.
Methylprednisolone therapy in tropical spastic paraparesis.

The numb chin syndrome is due to an isolated mental nerve palsy. Since the earliest description by Charles Bell in 1830, the condition has been described in association with a number of conditions including tumour of the jaw, trauma and drug toxicity. ' The following cases differ from those previously reported. A 73 year old woman (case 1) noticed numbness in the chin for three months. Hypoaesthesia was detected in the area shown in fig 1. Neurologically she had no other abnormality. Skull radiographs showed that her mandible was considerably atrophic and edentulous. She had a gastric ulcer, but extensive studies for malignancy were negative. Details of the case have been described elsewhere.3 An 81 year old man (case 2) had been treated for Parkinson's disease. Sensation on the chin was examined and was found to be decreased bilaterally on the lower lip and chin. The patient had no teeth and the mandible was atrophic. When the mental
Efficiency, equity, and optimal income taxation

Social insurance schemes must resolve a trade-obetween competing e¢ ciency and equity considerations. Yet there are few general statements of this trade-othat could be used for practical policymaking. To this end, this paper re-assesses optimal income tax policy in the in‡uential Mirrlees (1971) model. It provides an intuitive characterisation of the optimum, based on two newly-de…ned cost terms that are directly interpretable as the marginal costs of ine¢ ciency and of inequality respectively. These terms allow for a simple description of optimal policy under a generalised utilitarian social welfare criterion, even when preferences exhibit income eects. They can also be used to state the weaker requirements of Pareto e¢ ciency in the model. An empirical section then shows how the analysis can be applied to ask how well the balance is struck in practice between competing e¢ ciency and equity concerns. Based on earnings, consumption and tax data from 2008, our results suggest that social insurance policy in the US is systematically giving insu¢ cient weight to equity considerations. This is particularly true when assessing the marginal tax rates paid on low-to-middle income ranges. Consistent with a 'median voter interpretation', we show that the observed tax system can only be rationalised by a set of Pareto weights that places disproportionate emphasis on the welfare of those in the middle of the earnings distribution.
Biocompatibility of Wound Management Products: A Study of the Effects of Various Polysaccharides on Murine L929 Fibroblast Proliferation and Macrophage Respiratory Burst

Abstract— An in‐vitro screening method to examine the biocompatibility of materials used in wound management has been evaluated. This involved the use of a macrophage respiratory‐burst assay and a fibroblast proliferation assay to represent respectively the inflammatory and the granulation phases in wound healing. Standard polysaccharides (calcium and sodium alginates, i‐carrageenan, chitin, chitosan lactate, chondroitin sulphate and pectic acid) were used as test compounds. None of the polysaccharide samples caused a significant increase in L929 fibroblast cell numbers relative to control after 6 days incubation. The overall effect of exposure of the fibroblast cultures to the alginates, carrageenan and chondroitin sulphate was an extension of lag phase followed by an enhanced rate of cell proliferation in the logarithmic phase. Only calcium and sodium alginates and chondroitin sulphate enhanced the respiratory burst activity of murine macrophages; i‐carrageenan and chitosan lactate were markedly inhibitory. The results suggest that a macrophage activity assay should be included as part of an in‐vitro screening program to evaluate the biocompatibility of wound management materials and to detect intrinsic biological activity.
Efficient Modeling of Power Supply Induced Jitter in Voltage-Mode Drivers (EMPSIJ)

An efficient methodology for estimation of power supply induced jitter (PSIJ) in high-speed designs is presented. Semianalytical expressions for jitter are derived based on separating the large signal response and the small signal noise response and subsequently combining the results. Proposed simplified relations enable the designers to estimate the PSIJ based on a single bit simulation. Proposed methods are validated on several examples of voltage-mode driver circuits, designed in different technologies and in the presence of different types of noise sources.