Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Standardization of nematicide application rates.

There is a need for scientists, regulating agencies, and industry to standardize procedures for calculating and reporting nematicide application rates. One finds few standards when reviewing publications or nematicide labels or discussing a nematicide testing protocol with industry representatives. The lack of agreement on procedures for reporting application rates leads to confusion and a lack of uniformity of testing. Also, comparing or understanding results may be difficult. We believe methods of calculating application rates should be standardized to facilitate comprehension and communication and to enable a rapid comparison of results. Our objectives are to review previous papers on the subject and offer clarification on calculating and reporting nematicide application rates under different application regimes.
Early Pregnancy Factor is Required at Two Important Stages of Embryonic Development in the Mouse

PROBLEM: The importance of early pregnancy factor (EPF) at the pre‐implantation stage of development (days 1–3 post‐coitum [p.c.]) has been previously established in this laboratory. However, the role of EPF at the implantation stage (days 4.5–5 p.c.) has not been determined. This present study therefore investigates the role of EPF at this important developmental stage, both in vivo and in vitro. METHOD OF STUDY: Mated mice were passively immunized with anti‐EPF antibodies at the peri‐implantation stage (days 3.5–4 p.c.) and embryo implantation recorded. Parallel studies were conducted in vitro, where the effect of anti‐EPF antibodies on trophoblast outgrowth of blastocysts was determined. RESULTS: Administration of anti‐EPF antibodies in vivo at the peri‐implantation stage of development resulted in failure of embryos to implant. Similarly, trophoblastic outgrowth of blastocysts was adversely affected in the presence of anti‐EPF antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: These results, together with previous findings that anti‐EPF antibodies retard embryonic development when administered at the early pre‐implantation stage, clearly demonstrate that EPF is required by the embryo at two important developmental stages – the one–two‐cell stage and the peri‐implantation stage.
APPROPRIATENESS OF ADMISSIONS TO INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Objective: To improve resource utilization in the intensive care unit by assessing the appropriateness of admissions, exploring the reasons for improper selection of patients for intensive care and recommendations suggested to overcome them. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Princess Haya Hospital (a secondary hospital with a total of 120 beds) in Aqaba-Jordan during the period November 1, 1999 to December 1, 2001. All medical and surgical adult patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit were involved in the study. The intensive care unit capacity is six beds that open and run mainly by a nursing staff, with no specific intensive care unit policy or protocols. For each admission, patient demographics, diagnosis, cause of admission, length of stay in the intensive care unit and final outcome were collected. Data collected were analyzed for each patient to examine the appropriateness of admission to the intensive care unit according to the criteria for intensive care unit admissions published by the American College of Critical Care Medicine. Results: There were 1169 admissions during the study period where 76% of admissions were medical patients and 53% had acute cardiovascular disorders. Surgical patients constituted 24% of total intensive care unit admissions with 72% of these surgical patients were trauma cases. Only 54.2% of total admissions (medical and surgical patients) were admitted appropriately to intensive care unit. The average length of stay was 2.3 days per patient. Sixty five percent of patients were discharged to hospital wards. About 15% of patients stayed less than 24 hours and a significant ratio 16.6% of admissions discharged home. The mortality rate was 11%. Conclusion: Establishing guidelines for admission, discharge and triage of adult intensive care unit patients is of utmost importance and is supported by the literature. Providing guidelines based on relevant literature and expert opinion will lay down the intensive care unit policy, procedures, and by laws. Subsequently, appropriate utilization of intensive care unit resources will lead to optimizing health care cost.
Denotational semantics for normal modal logics with propositional quantifiers and identity

We present a denotational semantics for modal propositional logics with propositional quantifiers and connectives for propositional identity and reference. A proposition is here not given as a set of possible worlds but as the denotation of a formula under a valuation function. In fact, the semantics is independent from the possible worlds framework and derives from principles of non-Fregean Logic. Modal laws such as Necessitation are not a priori given. Our aim is to restore modal principles and to axiomatize normal modal logics as first-order theories with identity. We start with a basic system containing axiom \textbf{K} as the only modal principle and establish completeness results. Following an earlier approach (S. Lewitzka, Studia Logica 97(2), 233 -- 264, 2011), we regard a modality as an appropriate subset of the propositional universe of a model. We show that the Necessitation Rule as well as further modal principles can be restored by imposing specific semantic constraints. As a main result, we present model constructions proving that normal modal systems, such as K, T, S4, S5, K45, KD45, can be captured precisely by our denotational semantics. This paper can be seen as a proposal to study modal logics as first-order theories of propositions.
Pilot study of a parent training program for young children with autism

The PLAY Project Home Consultation (PPHC) program trains parents of children with autistic spectrum disorders using the DIR/Floortime model of Stanley Greenspan MD. Sixty-eight children completed the 8—12 month program. Parents were encouraged to deliver 15 hours per week of 1:1 interaction. Pre/post ratings of videotapes by blind raters using the Functional Emotional Assessment Scale (FEAS) showed significant increases (p ≤ 0.0001) in child subscale scores. Translated clinically, 45.5 percent of children made good to very good functional developmental progress. There were no significant differences between parents in the FEAS subscale scores at either pre-or post-intervention and all parents scored at levels suggesting they would be effective in working with their children. Overall satisfaction with PPHC was 90 percent. Average cost of intervention was $2500/ year. Despite important limitations, this pilot study of The PLAY Project Home Consulting model suggests that the model has potential to be a cost-effective intervention for young children with autism.
IGBT-SiC dual fed open end winding PMSM drive

This paper proposes a dual fed common dc link inverter Open End Winding-Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (OEW-PMSM) Drive. In order to increase the system efficiency a dual technology converter is used, with one inverter composed of standard IGBT devices and the other composed of fast switching Silicon Carbide (SiC) devices. The common dc link OEW configuration allows the zero-sequence current (ZSC) to flow freely, and the low time constants of the zero-circuit can lead to high zero sequence current flow, with associated losses and stress on the power devices. To avoid this, the zero-sequence voltage produced by the switching combinations adopted to synthetize the control signals needs to be instantaneously eliminated. A novel modulation for dual converter configurations is proposed to eliminate the zero-sequence voltage(ZSV).
A comparison of wind products in the context of ENSO prediction

Four different wind products are evaluated in terms of their application to ENSO prediction. These wind products have been used to initialize an intermediate ocean‐atmosphere coupled model for monthly retrospective forecasts from 1980 to 2002. The wind product that includes satellite scatterometer data has the highest scores, with the NCEP reanalysis and the new FSU objective analysis closely behind. The latter is a major improvement over the old FSU subjective analysis which has some serious problems in recent years. It seems that the wind products from remote sensing, in‐situ observation and model reanalysis are all useful for ENSO prediction. At present, an ensemble of forecasts initialized with various wind data sets is probably our best bet.
Clinical, biologic, and prognostic differences on the basis of primary tumor site in neuroblastoma: a report from the international neuroblastoma risk group project.

PURPOSE Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous tumor arising from sympathetic tissues. The impact of primary tumor site in influencing the heterogeneity of NB remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS Children younger than age 21 years diagnosed with NB or ganglioneuroblastoma between 1990 and 2002 and with known primary site were identified from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group database. Data were compared between sites with respect to clinical and biologic features, as well as event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Among 8,369 children, 47% had adrenal tumors. All evaluated clinical and biologic variables differed statistically between primary sites. The features that were > 10% discrepant between sites were stage 4 disease, MYCN amplification, elevated ferritin, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and segmental chromosomal aberrations, all of which were more frequent in adrenal versus nonadrenal tumors (P < .001). Adrenal tumors were more likely than nonadrenal tumors (adjusted odds ratio, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.67 to 2.63; P < .001) and thoracic tumors were less likely than nonthoracic tumors (adjusted odds ratio, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.39; P < .001) to have MYCN amplification after controlling for age, stage, and histologic grade. EFS and OS differed significantly according to the primary site (P < .001 for both comparisons). After controlling for age, MYCN status, and stage, patients with adrenal tumors had higher risk for events (hazard ratio, 1.13 compared with nonadrenal tumors; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.23; P = .008), and patients with thoracic tumors had lower risk for events (HR, 0.79 compared with nonthoracic; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.92; P = .003). CONCLUSION Clinical and biologic features show important differences by NB primary site, with adrenal and thoracic sites associated with inferior and superior survival, respectively. Future studies will need to investigate the biologic origin of these differences.
Improving offering strategies for wind farms enhanced with storage capability

Due to the flexible charging and discharging capability, energy storage system (ESS) is thought of as a promising complement to wind farms (WF) in participating into electricity markets. This paper proposes a reserve-based real-time operation strategy of ESS to make arbitrage and to alleviate the wind power deviation from day-ahead contracts. Taking into account the operation strategy as well as two-price balancing market rules, a day-ahead bidding strategy of WF-ESS system is put forward and formulated. A modified gradient descent algorithm is described to solve the formulations. In the case studies, the computational efficiency of the algorithm is validated firstly. Moreover, a number of scenarios with/without considering the temporal dependence of wind power forecast error are designed and employed to compare the proposed strategy with other common ones in terms of profit.
Listeners discrimination of read and spontaneous speech is primed by performance of a prior speech production task

Distinguishing read and spontaneous speech seems intuitively to be a straightforward task, but listener performance in experimental studies is highly variable. Indeed, two recent studies showed chance-level discrimination performance, suggesting that – even with relevant prosodic cues available – listeners’ judgements may be heavily mediated by their contextual interpretation. Using lexically-identical map-task and read utterances previously found to be poorly discriminated despite available cues, we asked whether speech style identification could be primed by active familiarisation with the context of the speech production task. A betweensubjects design with two conditions (priming vs no priming) was used. In both conditions, listeners completed a forcedchoice speech style discrimination task on lexically-identical paired utterances. In the priming condition, prior to the discrimination task, listeners completed a communicative map task in pairs, equivalent to that used to generate the spontaneous speech stimuli. Although cues to speech style were available in the stimuli, performance in the no-priming condition was at chance. Discrimination performance was significantly better for subjects in the priming condition, suggesting that recent exposure to the production context of spontaneous speech promotes engagement of appropriate discrimination strategies. Indeed, subjective judgement data indicated that the priming condition increased listener awareness of relevant speech-style cues.
Cell wall peptidoglycan architecture in Bacillus subtilis

The bacterial cell wall is essential for viability and shape determination. Cell wall structural dynamics allowing growth and division, while maintaining integrity is a basic problem governing the life of bacteria. The polymer peptidoglycan is the main structural component for most bacteria and is made up of glycan strands that are cross-linked by peptide side chains. Despite study and speculation over many years, peptidoglycan architecture has remained largely elusive. Here, we show that the model rod-shaped bacterium Bacillus subtilis has glycan strands up to 5 μm, longer than the cell itself and 50 times longer than previously proposed. Atomic force microscopy revealed the glycan strands to be part of a peptidoglycan architecture allowing cell growth and division. The inner surface of the cell wall has a regular macrostructure with ≈50 nm-wide peptidoglycan cables [average 53 ± 12 nm (n = 91)] running basically across the short axis of the cell. Cross striations with an average periodicity of 25 ± 9 nm (n = 96) along each cable are also present. The fundamental cabling architecture is also maintained during septal development as part of cell division. We propose a coiled-coil model for peptidoglycan architecture encompassing our data and recent evidence concerning the biosynthetic machinery for this essential polymer.
Inhibition of aldosterone response to surgery by saline administration

The renin‐angiotensin system, ACTH and hyperkalaemia are known to induce increased plasma levels of aldosterone. In order to assess the relative significance of these mechanisms during surgical stress, aldosterone, cortisol and electrolytes in plasma were measured in 12 otherwise healthy women during and after cholecystectomy. The patients received either isotonic sodium chloride or 5 per cent glucose in water during the experimental period of 22 h.
Prior Knowledge SVM-based Intrusion Detection Framework

In anomaly intrusion detection, normal profile of target system is built with labeled data sets. But it is time consuming and expensive to label data items. Human knowledge can be used to compensate the lack of labeled data. In this paper, we describe a weighted margin SVM (support vector machine) framework incorporating with pre-defined experienced detection rules to build up normal profile. With the redefinition of data item distance on heterogeneous properties, we use a modified version of LIBSVM to perform model training and detection. We use KDDCup99 ID data set for detection and several metrics are defined to explain effect of detection algorithm which shows our detection framework is more accurate and of good generalization ability than the old ones.
Enteric nervous system: reflexes, pattern generators and motility

Purpose of review Advances in understanding of the enteric nervous system (ENS) support the brain-in-the-gut concept. Progress relative to sensory neurons, reflex circuits and central pattern generators is summarized. Recent findings A ‘hardwired’ polysynaptic circuit in the ENS evokes descending inhibition of the intestinal circular muscle below an activation point, and contraction of the muscle above the activation point. This circuit occupies the lowest complexity level of the hierarchical organization of neural motility control. Networks in the ENS contain central pattern generators, which activate the ‘hardwired’ basic circuit in recurrent fashion to generate motility patterns linked with intestinal secretion. Summary The dogma that muscle responses seen when the investigator stretches the intestinal wall or stimulates the mucosa reflect a classic reflex can be challenged. No limb equivalent to the afferent limb of a spinal motor reflex has been identified unequivocally in the ENS. Central pattern generators are neural circuits, which generate organized and repetitive motor patterns independent of their sensory input. Central pattern generators rather than afferent-evoked reflexes are postulated to be responsible for the patterns of propulsive contractile behavior and secretion, which recur rhythmically when distension is maintained above threshold or during mucosal application of nutrients or paracrine mediators.
Stabilization of passive harmonic mode-locking by amplitude modulation

We demonstrate a fiber laser that is passively mode locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber and stabilized by the amplitude modulation. The synchronization of a dropout-free harmonic mode locking to an external clock was obtained with the pulse characteristics solely determined by the saturable absorber action, and not by the applied amplitude modulation. The results show that significant suppression of undesired harmonics can be obtained with small perturbations provided by the amplitude modulation.
Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transport Materials with Tunable Energy Levels

Conjugated small-molecule hole-transport materials (HTMs) with tunable energy levels are designed and synthesized for efficient perovskite solar cells. A champion device with efficiency of 16.2% is demonstrated using a dopant-free DERDTS-TBDT HTM, while the DORDTS-DFBT-HTM-based device shows an inferior performance of 6.2% due to its low hole mobility and unmatched HOMO level with the valence band of perovskite film.
Design Techniques for Xilinx Virtex FPGA Configuration Memory Scrubbers

SRAM-based FPGAs are in-field reconfigurable an unlimited number of times. This characteristic, together with their high performance and high logic density, proves to be very convenient for a number of ground and space level applications. One drawback of this technology is that it is susceptible to ionizing radiation, and this sensitivity increases with technology scaling. This is a first order concern for applications in harsh radiation environments, and starts to be a concern for high reliability ground applications. Several techniques exist for coping with radiation effects at user application. In order to be effective they need to be complemented with configuration memory scrubbing, which allows error mitigation and prevents failures due to error accumulation. Depending on the radiation environment and on the system dependability requirements, the configuration scrubber design can become more or less complex. This paper classifies and presents current and novel design methodologies and architectures for SRAM-based FPGAs, and in particular for Xilinx Virtex-4QV/5QV, configuration memory scrubbers.
A strategy for fast grasping of unknown objects using partial shape information from range sensors

In this paper, we present a strategy for fast grasping of unknown objects based on the partial shape information from range sensors for a mobile robot with a parallel-jaw gripper. The proposed method can realize fast grasping of an unknown object without needing complete information of the object or learning from grasping experience. Information regarding the shape of the object is acquired by a 2D range sensor installed on the robot at an inclined angle to the ground. Features for determining the maximal contact area are extracted directly from the partial shape information of the unknown object to determine the candidate grasping points. Note that since the shape and mass are unknown before grasping, a successful and stable grasp cannot be in fact guaranteed. Thus, after performing a grasping trial, the mobile robot uses the 2D range sensor to judge whether the object can be lifted. If a grasping trial fails, the mobile robot will quickly find other candidate grasping points for another trial until a successful and stable grasp is realized. The proposed approach has been tested in experiments, which found that a mobile robot with a parallel-jaw gripper can successfully grasp a wide variety of objects using the proposed algorithm. The results illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm in term of the grasping time.
THE HISTORY AND PROMISE OF SHALE RESEARCH

"Possibly many may think that the deposition and consolidation of fine-grained mud must be a very simple matter, and the results of little interest. However, when carefully studied experimentally it is soon found to be so complex a question, and the results dependent on so many variable conditions, that one might feel inclined to abandon the inquiry, were it not that so much of the history of our rocks appears to be written in this language. " Henry Clifton Sorby, 1908
A tracking system for monitoring in health of various workers are working in different working environment: BDA application

A number of village people and casual labor work in different workplaces such as mines, pharmacy, textiles industries where they are exposed to dust and are at risk of fatal disease. Unskilled People not having the regular and permanent of job they are migrating to various places where the work is available. Government is providing various schemes for the unskilled persons to gain finical stability for them and families. One of the schemes is MGNREGA, here It main objective is to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100–150 days of wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Workers not only work with government based schemes they also works various industries which are near to their villages. At the same time it's a big challenge of health of workers and Work place health issues are a significant challenge for a developing country like India Presently [2]. Due to lack of information of workers where there is working and nature of work. Even though many workplaces and unorganized workers are covered under the ESI benefit scheme and take treatment in the ESI medical Institutions. There is scope to maintain the information of workers, industries and nature of work and health based hazards. A real time tracking system needed for workers health problems to provide leads on work place issues, facilities and information about benefit provided in ESI medical institutions. This common tracking platform can also provide data on workers who availed sickness benefit, disability benefits and provide data on notifiable diseases. Government need to maintain the district level, state level workers, and industries and predicated diseases information. It helps to the workers and industries that health status of workers and able to provide right diagnosis to sickness it leads to reduce the death rate.