Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF COVID 19 ON SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISS PERFORMANCE IN MAKURDI METROPOLIS, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA.

ABSTRACT This study examined the effect of COVID - 19 on the performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Convenience sampling was used to gather primary sources of information from the respondents in the study area. Data was collected using questionnaire and analyzed using inferential statistics such as simple linear regression analysis. The hypotheses of the study were tested using the probability values of the estimates. The first model of the study shows that Corona Virus Disease (COVID - 19) has a negative effect on Performance of Small and Medium scale Enterprises proxied by Profit Maximization (PFM) in Makurdi Metropolis and the effect is statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. This means that a unit increases in Corona Virus Disease (COVID - 19) will result to a corresponding decrease in Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises proxied by Profit Maximization (PFM) in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria by a margin of 21.7 %. The second model of the study indicate that Corona Virus Disease (COVID 19) has a negative effect on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Performance proxied by Profit Maximization (PFM) in Makurdi Metropolis and the effect is statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. This means that a unit increases in Corona Virus Disease (COVID -19) will result to a corresponding decrease in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Performance proxied by Profit Maximization (PFM) in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria by a margin of 21.7 %. It was concluded that the pandemic has created a tough business environment for entrepreneurs as both profit and sales growth have declined. It was recommended among others that SMEs need business support organizations now more than ever to avoid liquidity crisis and death of many Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in the study area. Keywords : COVID -19, SMEs, Performance, Benue, Nigeria
Caracterização genética da população imigrante brasileira residente em Lisboa com marcadores genéticos do tipo InDel e do sistema ESS

V Comunicações Científicas baseadas nesta dissertação . VI Índice de figuras . IX Índice de tabelas . XI Capítulo 1 Introdução. 1 1.1 A geografia dos genes . 1 1.2 Globalização e os fenómenos migratórios . 1 1.3 Imigração Brasileira em Portugal . 2 1.3. 1 República Federativa do Brasil . 3 1.4 Genética Populacional . 4 1.4. 1 Equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg . 5 1.4. 2 Linkage Dis(equilibrium) . 5 1.5 Genética Forense . 6 1.6 Marcadores moleculares em genética forense . 7 1.6. 1 Marcadores do tipo InDel . 7 1.6. 1.1  Sistema Investigator DIPplex . 8 1.6. 2 Marcadores do tipo STR . 8 1.6. 3 European Standard Set (ESS) . 9 1.7 Objetivos . 10 Capítulo 2  Materiais e Métodos . 11 2.1 Procedimento experimental . 11 2.2 Colheita e armazenamento das amostras . 11 2.3 Amostragem . 11 2.4 Extração de DNA . 12 2.5 Quantificação de DNA . 12 2.6 Amplificação por PCR multiplex . 13 2.6. 1 Estudo de marcadores do tipo InDel . 14
Postoperative Delarium In Urgent Surgery

Introduction: Modern literature is increasingly indicating the phenomenon of anesthesiologic “nightmare” in the form of postoperative delirium (POD) [1]. Postoperative delirium can be presented as an altered mental state of the patient immediately after surgery in general or regional anesthesia, where the patient can not mentally and physically satisfy the needs and expectations in relation to the condition in which he/she is. It may have fluctuating currents and occur immediately after a patient’s general anesthesia or a few days after surgery.
The effect of IFRS on corporate governance in peruvian corporations

corporativo, puesto que antes de la adopción de las NIIFs se aplicó un conjunto de normas contables no bien definido en el Perú (una combinación de normas fiscales y US GAAPs). Aunque se han implementado varios mecanismos para mejorar el gobierno corporativo en el Perú, la situación aún es incipiente, por lo que se dan varias propuestas, incluida la obligación de cumplimiento de las empresas listadas con el “Código de Buen Gobierno Corporativo para las empresas peruanas” y las sanciones correspondientes en caso de incumplimiento de los principios. Palabras clave: NIIFs, control corporativo. The purpose of this paper is primarily to analyze the effect of the mandatory implementation of IFRS in Peru on the accounting quality and subsequently, corporate governance (since transparency and comparibility in financial reporting and disclosure practice are prime corporate governance mechanisms to reduce the information asymmetry), and secondarily, to review the Gustavo Tanaka ORCID: 0000-0002-8999-398X Emerson J. Toledo ORCID: 0000-0002-1660-0305 Department of Global Studies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan g_tanaka@kufs.ac. jp Department of Accounting Sciences Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Lima Perú toledo.ej@pucp.edu. pe Ensayos y Artículos de invetigación Recibido: 31 de agosto de 2018 Aprobado: 09 de noviembre de 2018 Cómo citar este artículo: Tanaka, G. , & Toledo, E. (2018). The Effect of IFRS on Corporate Governance in Peruvian Corporations. Review of Global Management, 4(2), 25 – 48.
Welfare Challenges Influence the Complexity of Movement: Fractal Analysis of Behaviour in Zebrafish

The ability to assess welfare is an important refinement that will ensure the good condition of animals used in experimentation. The present study investigated the impact of invasive procedures on the patterns of movement of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Recordings were made before and after fin clipping, PIT tagging and a standard pain test and these were compared with control and sham handled zebrafish. The fractal dimension (FD) from the 3D trajectories was calculated to determine the effect of these treatments on the complexity of movement patterns. While the FD of zebrafish trajectories did not differ over time in either the control or sham group, the FDs of the treatment groups reduced in complexity. The FD of fish injected with different strengths of acetic acid declined in a dose-dependent manner allowing us to develop an arbitrary scale of severity of the treatments. The 3D trajectory plots from some groups indicated the presence of repetitive swimming patterns akin to stereotypical movements. When administered with lidocaine, which has analgesic properties, the movement complexity of fin clipped fish reverted to a pattern that resembled that of control fish. Fractal analysis of zebrafish locomotion could potentially be adopted as a tool for fish welfare assessment.
Document Image Quality Assessment with Relaying Reference to Determine Minimum Readable Resolution for Compression

Image quality assessment has been a very active research area in the field of image processing, and there have been numerous methods proposed. However, most of the existing methods focus on digital images that only or mainly contain pictures or photos taken by digital cameras. Traditional approaches evaluate an input image as a whole and try to estimate a quality score for the image, in order to give viewers an idea of how “good” the image looks. In this paper, we mainly focus on the quality evaluation of contents of symbols like texts, bar-codes, QR-codes, lines, and hand-writings in target images. Estimating a quality score for this kind of information can be based on whether or not it is readable by a human, or recognizable by a decoder. Moreover, we mainly study the viewing quality of the scanned document of a printed image. For this purpose, we propose a novel image quality assessment algorithm that is able to determine the readability of a scanned document or regions in a scanned document. Experimental results on some testing images demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
SELEKSI DAN PEROLEHAN GENETIK PADA UJI KETURUNAN GENERASI KEDUA KAYUPUTIH (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) DI GUNUNGKIDUL

Breeding for cajuput in Indonesia has moved into advanced generation breeding cycle through establishing second-generation progeny trial. A series of selection would be practiced in the trial before converting into a seedling seed orchard to produce genetically improved seed. In this study, a series of selection, followed by prediction of genetic gain will be observed in the second-generation progeny trial of cajuput established at Gunungkidul. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD), 65 families, three tree-plot, four replications, and spacing of 3 × 1,5 meter. Measurement was conducted on height and diameter at 2 years age. In the trial, within-plot selection has been practiced phenotypicaly by retaining one of the best tree out of the three tree within each plot. Succesive family selection was then simulated from the result of within-plot selection. Results of study showed that estimates of heritabily for diameter were higher than that for height. Genetic and phenotypic correlation between the two traits was moderate at around 0.57. Within-plot selection practiced in the trial resulted positive selection differential for all measured traits. Diameter showed higher coefficient weight of selection (0.4280) than height (0.0406) which indicates that the practiced within-plot selection was more imposed for diameter than that for height. Genetic gain from within-plot selection calculated using selection index were 20.76% for diameter and 12.73% for height. Simulated family selection using the same coefficient weight as within-plot selection resulted lower genetic gain at around 12.26% and 7.52% for diameter and height, respectivelly.
Process design of waste stabilization ponds at high altitude in Bolivia

The Altiplano, located at 15°–20°S, has an altitude of about 4000 m above sea level which determines extreme climatic conditions that may affect the performance of stabilization ponds: strong solar radiation due to a thin atmosphere of rarefied, clean, dry air; low mean temperatures of water and air; strong differences in temperature between day and night; low oxygen pressure. The oxygen pressure at 4000 m altitude is only 60% of that at sea level. However, lower water temperatures increase oxygen solubility in water compensating for the effect of altitude in the actual concentration of dissolved oxygen in water. Lack of oxygen is not a crucial limiting factor for sewage treatment at high altitudes. Anaerobic ponds are effective in the Altiplano, in spite of the low water temperatures (7–9°C). Design criteria for WSP at different altitudes in Bolivia are presented. An important conclusion with social connotations is that the communities of the Altiplano will need to construct waste stabilization ponds which are 3–5 times larger (and more expensive) than those of the “Los Llanos”.
Effect of adding denatured whey proteins to cheese milk or cheese curd on some properties of Ras cheese.

The effect of adding denatured whey proteins (D.W.P.) in the manufacture of Ras cheese was investigated. Denatured whey proteins were prepared by heating whey (90°C/10 min), strained, and the precipitate was pressed. One and two percent of the DWP were added to the cheese milk or cheese curd and the manufacture of Ras cheese was then completed by the traditional method. The cheese was ripened for 120 days and cheese samples were taken and analysed at intervals for cheese yield, acidity, salt, fat and total nitrogen and non protein nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, and free amino acids contents at the end of repining period. The results indicated that addition of D.W. P. had no effect on composition and improved slightly the sensory properties of Ras cheese.
Dinâmica folicular e luteal em éguas de diferentes portes

Comparisons of ovarian dynamics between more than two equine breeds, under standardized conditions, are not found in the literature. The objective of this study was to compare follicular and luteal dynamics during one contemporary intervulatory interval by daily ultrasonography examinations in small size mares (Mini Pony group MP; n=10), medium size (Large Pony group LP; n=9) and large size (Brazilian Warmblood group BH; n=12). It was concluded that all three groups differed regarding maximum diameter of the preovulatory follicle (POF) (mm) (MP=36.15; LP=40.95; BH=46.66), maximum diameter of POF one day before ovulation (mm) (MP=35.8; LP=40.55; BH=46.48) and the mean daily growth of POF (mm / day) (MP=2.6; LP=3.05; BH=3.51). The MP group differed from LP and BH groups regarding number of follicles per ovulatory wave (MP=4.8; LP=10.11; BH=9.75), number of follicles per day (MP=4.19; LP=10, 27; BH=10.63), number of follicles equal or greater than 10mm (MP=2.98; LP=5.88; BH=5.98), diameter of POF at deviation (mm) (MP=22.62; LP=24.81; BH=25.58), diameter of second largest follicle (SLF) at deviation (MP=15.56; LP=21.25; BH=21.83), diameter difference between FPO and SLF at deviation (mm) (MP=7.25; LP=3.56; BH=3.75), corpus luteum (CL) area (mm) (MP=436.1; LP=674.4; BH=720.4). There was no difference between groups regarding cycle length (MP=21.9; LP=20.22; BH=20.58), occurrence of deviation (MP=80%; LP=88.89%; BH=100%), days between emergence of POF and SLF (MP=0.8, LP = 0.89, BH = 0.92), and diameter difference between POF and SLF at emergence (mm) (MP=0.4; LP=0.44; BH=0.5) and at deviation (mm) (MP=7.25; LP=3.56; BH=3.75); days between emergence and deviation (MP=5.12; LP=5.5; BH=5.5), deviation and ovulation (MP=5.12; LP=6.62; BH=6.8), number of minor waves (MP = 0.3; LP = 0.33; BH = 0.42) and CL lifespan (days) (MP=12.4; LP=14.67; BH=13.92).
Prenatal Malnutrition-Induced Epigenetic Dysregulation as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is commonly regarded as a disease originating from lifestyle-related factors and typically occurring after the age of 40. There is, however, consistent experimental and epidemiological data evidencing that the risk for developing T2D may largely depend on conditions early in life. In particular, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by poor or unbalanced nutrient intake can impair fetal growth and also cause fetal adipose tissue and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. On account of these processes, persisting adaptive changes can occur in the glucose-insulin metabolism. These changes can include reduced ability for insulin secretion and insulin resistance, and they may result in an improved capacity to store fat, thereby predisposing to the development of T2D and obesity in adulthood. Accumulating research findings indicate that epigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a critical role in linking prenatal malnutrition to the risk of later-life metabolic disorders including T2D. In animal models of IUGR, changes in both DNA methylation and expression levels of key metabolic genes were repeatedly found which persisted until adulthood. The causal link between epigenetic disturbances during development and the risk for T2D was also confirmed in several human studies. In this review, the conceptual models and empirical data are summarized and discussed regarding the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms in developmental nutritional programming of T2D.
Paraoxonase-1 activity and lipid profile in dairy cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and lipid status in cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis in order to evaluate systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The study was conducted on a total of 90 Holstein–Friesian dairy cows kept in farms in eastern Croatia. Cows were assigned into three groups: the cows suffering from clinical mastitis (CLM), the cows with subclinical mastitis (SCM) and control (CTL) group. In collected sera, PON1, lipid status and calcium concentration were measured. Total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and calcium concentrations were significantly lower in the CLM group of cows compared to the SCM and CTL groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the lipid status and calcium level between the CTL and SCM groups. PON1 activity was significantly lower in both the SCM and CLM groups compared with CTL indicating that PON1 could be considered as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of subclinical form of the disease.
Developing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) Taxonomy in Malaysia

In most economies, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) consitute a variety of different firms encom­passing a wide range of industries. SMEs are heterogeneous: they differ at least in terms of their capabilities, stage of development, resources as well as requirements. The heterogeineity ofSMEs suggests that any systematic and rigorous attempt. to understand, explain and predict their behaviour should begin with the development of a taxonomy for them. A taxonomy provides a means for grouping and defining heterogenous SMEs - understand­ing their similarities and differences, their strengths and weaknesses. In the literature, several attempts to develop SMEs taxonomies have been made. Upon examining three of these taxonomies, it is found that SMEs can be classified in a number of different ways. Nonetheless, whilst this review of taxonomies literature is insightful in developing our own SMEs taxonomy, a careful study of the various features of SMEs is awaited if we were to develop a comprehensive taxonomy for the Malaysian SMEs.
Expanding dynamic range in a single-shot image through a sparse grid of low exposure pixels

Camera sensors are physically restricted in the amount of luminance which can be captured at once. To achieve a higher dynamic range, multiple exposures are typically combined. This method comes with several disadvantages, like temporal or alignment aliasing. Hence, we propose a method to preserve high luminance information in a single-shot image. By introducing a grid of highlight preserving pixels, which equals 1% of the total amount of pixels, we are able to sustain information directly incamera for later processing. To provide evidence, that this number of pixels is enough for gaining additional dynamic range, we use a U-Net for reconstruction. For training, we make use of the HDR+ dataset, which we augment to simulate our proposed grid. We demonstrate that our approach can preserve high luminance information, which can be used for a visually convincing reconstruction, close to the ground truth.
Phenological and fitness responses to climate warming depend upon genotype and competitive neighbourhood in
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Author(s): Taylor, MA; Cooper, MD; Schmitt, J | Abstract: © 2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society Increasing temperatures during climate change are known to alter the phenology across diverse plant taxa, but the evolutionary outcomes of these shifts are poorly understood. Moreover, plant temperature-sensing pathways are known to interact with competition-sensing pathways, yet there remains little experimental evidence for how genotypes varying in temperature responsiveness react to warming in realistic competitive settings. We compared flowering time and fitness responses to warming and competition for two near-isogenic lines (NILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana transgressively segregating temperature-sensitive and temperature-insensitive alleles for major-effect flowering time genes. We grew focal plants of each genotype in intraspecific and interspecific competition in four treatments contrasting daily temperature profiles in summer and fall under contemporary and warmed conditions. We measured phenology and fitness of focal plants to quantify plastic responses to season, temperature and competition and the dependence of these responses on flowering time genotype. The temperature-insensitive NIL was constitutively early flowering and less fit, except in a future-summer climate in which its fitness was higher than the later flowering, temperature-sensitive NIL in low competition. The late-flowering NIL showed accelerated flowering in response to intragenotypic competition and to increased temperature in the summer but delayed flowering in the fall. However, its fitness fell with rising temperatures in both seasons, and in the fall its marginal fitness gain from decreasing competition was diminished in the future. Functional alleles at temperature-responsive genes were necessary for plastic responses to season, warming and competition. However, the plastic genotype was not the most fit in every experimental condition, becoming less fit than the temperature-canalized genotype in the warm summer treatment. Climate change is often predicted to have deleterious effects on plant populations, and our results show how increased temperatures can act through genotype-dependent phenology to decrease fitness. Furthermore, plasticity is not necessarily adaptive in rapidly changing environments since a nonplastic genotype proved fitter than a plastic genotype in a warming climate treatment. A plain language summary is available for this article.
Transcriptomic Changes during Previtellogenic and Vitellogenic Stages of Ovarian Development in Wreckfish (Hāpuku), Polyprion oxygeneios (Perciformes)

‘Wreckfish’ a collective of species belonging to the family Polyprionidae, are an important commercial fishery and have significant aquaculture potential. Until now, genomic or transcriptomic information for any species within the genus Polyprion has either remained unpublished or is non-existent. Using Illumina HiSeq, we compared the transcriptomes of hāpuku (Polyprion oxygeneios) ovaries to explore developmental stage-specific variations underlying their reproductive physiology. We sought to identify differentially expressed genes and the associated shifts in biological pathways between previtellogenic and early vitellogenic ovaries. Ovarian tissue was repeatedly biopsied by gonopore cannulation from the same females (n = 3) throughout oogenesis. Reproductive status of initial biopsies was confirmed as being previtellogenic and that in biopsies collected eight weeks later as early vitellogenic. A de novo hāpuku transcriptome was assembled (146,189 transcripts) from RNA-Seq data without a reference genome. On average, each tissue sample contained 17.5 million trimmed reads. Gene annotation was 80% when using BLASTX against Genbank Non Redundant database. Fifty-three transcripts were differentially expressed within the FDR of 0.05 when previtellogenic and early vitellogenic ovaries were compared; this reduced to 35 differentially expressed genes when transcript duplications were pooled. Among these were genes tentatively associated with the electron transport chain, lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis and mineral/solute transportation. These data provide a snap-shot into stage-specific physiological events during oogenesis in the ovary of a teleost and an extensive molecular resource for research on species in the Genus Polyprion.
Unranking Combinations Lexicographically: an efficient new strategy compared with others

We propose a comparative study of four algorithms dedicated to the lexicographic unranking of combinations. The three first ones are algorithms from the literature. We give some key ideas how to analyze them in average and describe their strengths and weaknesses. We then introduce a new algorithm based on a new strategy inside the classical factorial numeral system (or factoradics). We conclude the paper with an experimental study, in particular when n = 10000; k = 5000, our algorithm is 36 (resp. 53) times as fast as our C++ implementation of Matlab's (resp. Sagemath's) algorithm.