Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potassium Fertilization Affects Soil K, Leaf K Concentration, and Nut Yield and Quality of Mature Pistachio Trees

A field experiment was conducted from 1996 to 1998 to examine the effects of K fertilization on leaf K, nut yield, and quality in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). There were six treatments, including four annual rates of K application (0, 110, 220, and 330 kg-ha -1 ) and three K sources (K 2 SO 4 , KCl, and KNO 3 ). Pistachio trees exhibited highly fluctuating seasonal leaf K levels. Leaf K concentration was low (<10 g-kg -1 ) during spring flush, increased dramatically during fruit development, and declined rapidly after harvest. Leaf K concentration increased following K fertilization. Potassium fertilization at the rate of 110 to 220 kg-ha -1 K significantly increased nut yield and quality, but nut yield tended to decrease when the annual rate exceeded 220 kg-ha -1 K. There were no significant differences among the K sources in their effects on leaf K concentration, nut yield, and quality. The use of KCl as a K source for 3 years did not increase leaf Cl concentration. There was a significant, positive correlation between nut yield and leaf K concentration during nut fill. The critical leaf K value for optimal pistachio production determined from 3 years' cumulative data was 16.9 g-kg -1 . For sustained production in highly productive pistachio orchards, we recommend annual application rates of 110 to 220 kg-ha -1 K, using K 2 SO 4 , KCl, or KNO 3 .
Effects of Thyroxine on Standard and Total Metabolic Rates in the Lizard Sceloporus undulatus

This study investigated the effects of chronic thyroxine (T4) release via implanted pellets on standard and total daily metabolic rates in captive and field-active lizards Sceloporus undulatus. Plasma T4 was elevated to 42.2 ± 19.96 ng mL⁻¹ (X ±1 SE) in T4-pellet-implanted lizards, compared with 8.56 ± 1.36ng mL⁻¹ in lizards receiving placebo pellets (P = 0. 047). However, plasma T3 was reduced by T4 treatment (0.9 ± 0.20 ng mL⁻¹ [hormone] against 2.4 ± 0.92 ng mL⁻¹ [placebo], P = 0 071). Similarly, among field-active lizards, plasma T4 was elevated by T4 treatment (36.6 ± 5.71 ng mL⁻¹ [hormone] against 10.2 ± 1.33 ng mL⁻¹ [placebo], P < 0.001), and plasma T3 was lowered (1.6 ± 0.15 ng mL⁻¹ [hormone] against 2.5 ± 0.52 ng mL⁻¹ [placebo], P = 0. 046). Standard metabolic rates (SMR) were 59% higher infield-active T4-treated lizards compared with field-active placebo-treated lizards (P < 0. 001). Thyroxine treatment did not significantly elevate SMR of captive lizards (P = 0.079). Standard metabolic rate was significantly higher in field-active lizards than in captive, T4-treated lizards (P = 0.008). Total daily metabolic rates (TDMR) of T4-treated field-active lizards were 16% greater than TDMR of placebo-treated field-active lizards (P = 0.046; one-tailedt-test). Total daily metabolic rates of captive lizards were not altered by T4 treatment (P = 0. 769). These results confirm that T4 has greater physiological activity infield-active lizards than in captive lizards. These results also indicate that the entire increment in TDMR of field-active lizards can be attributed to the increment in SMR and suggest that T4 has no effect on overall activity levels.
Intrasexual aggression and the mating behavior of brown-headed cowbirds: their relation to population densities and sex ratios

I describe population densities, sex ratios, and the social behavior of Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) at two sites in eastern California. Sex ratios are similar here, but differ from those observed elsewhere. Population densities vary between the two study areas and elsewhere. Although the level of intrasexual aggression among females differs between my study areas, female territoriality is absent. Most mated males at both study areas are monogamous, but a few are bigamists. Males differ in their attendance of females here and elsewhere. Local variation in cowbird social behavior may be correlated with population density, rather than sex ratio. In low density populations, selection may favor aggression among females, monogamy, and more frequent mate attendance by males.
Symbiont Dependent Thermal Bleaching Susceptiblity in Two Reef-building Corals , Stylophora pistillata and Platygyra ryukyuensis

Coral species, one susceptible (Stylophora pistillata) and the other resistant (Platygyra ryukyuensis) to bleaching, were exposed to a sudden elevated temperature (33.5C) under dim light (5 μmol quanta m s) for 10 to 720 min in time course experiments and to temperatures varying from 30C to 40C at 65 μmol quanta m s for 10 min at each temperature. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements in Symbiodinium of both coral species indicated that the maximum electron transport rate (ETRmax) and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) fluorescence (Fv/Fm) were sensitive to thermal stress. The non-stressed Symbiodinium ETRmax value in S. pistillata was halved earlier and at a lower temperature stress than in those of P. ryukyuensis. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the ribosomal DNA revealed inter-colony diversity of Symbiodinium in both species, though each species contained genetically distinct Symbiodinium types. Heat dissipation in PSII, through non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), increased in Symbiodinium of P. ryukyuensis irrespective of Symbiodinium genotype (C60 and C55), while in S. pistillata it either increased (C59) or decreased (C1) depending on genotype. Thus distinct Symbiodinium ITS2 types exhibit diverse photo-physiological responses to thermal stress, and may partially explain the variable bleaching susceptibilities of some hermatypic coral species.
Expression and serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 during human melanoma progression

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 have been implicated in malignant tumour progression, partly because they degrade collagen type IV, a major component of basement membranes. Biopsy specimens from 56 patients with primary melanoma and 7 with cutaneous or nodal metastases were studied by immunohistochemistry. Of 39 patients with estimated good prognosis, 70.5% of melanomas were negative for MMP-2, compared with only 47%of 17 melanomas in patients who developed metastasis during the 3-year follow-up. All skin and nodal metastases were negative for MMP-2 and positive for MMP-9. Of 14 thick melanomas, 9 were mostly positive for MMP-2 expression, suggesting a possible association with the invasiveness of the melanoma. MMP-2 and MMP-9 plasma levels were analysed in another 29 patients with melanoma (10 stage I and II, 9 stage III, and 10 stage IV) and in 10 healthy controls.No difference in MMP-9 plasma levels was found among the groups. Higher MMP-2 concentrations were observed in patients with metastatic disease (stage IV) than in those with primary melanoma (stage I) or in controls. Serial levels in two patients who passed from stage I to stage III or IV showed no significant difference in MMP-2 or -9 values. We conclude that MMP-2 expression might be associated with progression of themelanoma. Circulating MMP-2 and -9 levels have shown low sensitivity and specificity, so they do not seem to be good tumour markers in patients with melanoma.
Impact of Industry 4.0 Technologies on the Employment of the People with eye Problems: a Case Study on the Spatial Cognition Within Industrial Facilities

Nowadays, Industry 4.0 technologies simplify the blind and visually impaired (B&VI) employment and make the work conditions B&VI friendly. The interviewing of B&VI and the analysis of literature and Internet resources show that two features must be implemented at least – detection of unexpected obstacles in front of the B&VI on the distances of up to 1 m and the B&VI remote localization. The developed soft-/hardware complex uses wearable Raspberry Pi 3 B microcomputer with an ultrasonic range sensor HC-SR04 to solve the first problem and the Bytereal iBeacon fingerprinting to work out the second one. The presented approach was successfully tested at the three-workroom industrial facilities – the B&VI detected obstacles and the blind companion remotely localized the B&VI via the iBeacon fingerprinting, HTML dynamic website, and MQTT protocol. This satisfies the requirements to the accessibility, safety, and problem solving; the ability to apply other assistive technologies meets the flexibility feature of the four-hospitality criterion.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Sleep Disorders Among Adolescent in Junior High School

Sleep disorders are collection of symptoms characterized by disruption of amount, quality, or time of sleep. Adolescent are high-risk group for sleep disorders. Sleep disorders among adolescent are affected by various factors such as extracurricular activities, watching television, using computer, using mobile phone and homework could delay sleeping time. This study aimed to find the prevalence and risk factors of sleep disorders among adolescent in Junior High School. It was a cross-sectional study among students in St. Joseph Junior High School, Denpasar aged 12-15 years old in August 2019, by using stratified purposive sampling. Data was collected by using Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) which was filled by parents and children. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. This study showed the prevalence of sleep disorders was 47.8%. Disturbance with initiating and maintaining sleep was the most common disorder, 22.8%. Watching television, using computers and playing telephone / gadgets were associated with increased sleep disturbance (p=0.02, PR 3.17, CI 95% 1.17-8.59), (p=0.02, PR 2.64 CI 95% 1.14-6.14), (p=0.02, PR 2.94, CI 95% 1.12-7.7), while extracurricular activities, nap habits, caffeine consumption were not risk factors, (p=0.07, PR 2.3, CI95% 0.94-5.95), (p=0.28, PR 1.57 CI 95% 0.68-3.58), (p=0,78, PR 0.89, CI 95% 0.38-2.03). The prevalence of sleep disorder among adolescent was considerably high. Risk factors of sleep disorder were watching television, using computer, and using mobile phone/gadget.
Monographie du squelette axial de Nephrops norvegicus (Linné, 1758)

Le squelette axial des malacostraces, parce que tres incompletement connu, a peu ete pris en compte jusqu'ici par les carcinologistes. Il renferme cependant de nombreux renseignements utiles pour la comprehension de la diversification des familles de ce grand groupe. Les metameres cephalothoraciques de Nephrops norvegicus (Linne, 1758), espece choisie comme exemple representatif, ont ete prepares isolement et etudies l'un apres l'autre, en commencant par les plus posterieurs et en remontant vers ceux de la tete chez lesquels les modifications s'accentuent. Une terminologie precise, fondee sur l'origine morphologique de chacun des sclerites constituant chacun des metameres, est etablie afin de pouvoir decrire et comparer clairement les metameres chez les differents representants des crustaces superieurs. L'etude de la spermatheque de la femelle, importante structure squelettique intersegmentaire dont la conformation etait peu connue, eclaire la composition du metamere mandibulaire en montrant la possibilite de scission du sclerite sternal d'un segment, alors qu'un sternite de decapode est generalement impair. Une interpretation nouvelle, qui va a l'encontre des interpretations classiques sur la composition s du metamere, est proposee. Le fait qu'aucun sclerite, quel qu'il soit, n'existe dans le segment mandibulaire, autre que ce que l'on nomme la « mandibule » consideree comme un appendice, demontre la participation de tout le segment a cette mandibule. La mandibule ne peut plus etre consideree comme un simple appendice, mais comme un complexe broyeur a l'articulation perisegmentaire, et compose de plusieurs sclerites.
Digital photogrammetry of historical aerial photographs using open-source software

Several collections of aerial photographs have been acquired in the Dominican Republic during the last 70 years. Although many of these sources are increasingly becoming available as scanned images, limited digital photogrammetric processing has been done, mainly because of the unaffordable prices of proprietary software licenses and the lack of clear workflows for processing historical photos. Many of the software tools developed in the last two decades, designated as structure-from-motion and multi-view stereo techniques, are bundled within OpenDroneMap, which is an open-source toolkit originally designed for processing aerial drone imagery. The aim of this research was to test the capabilities of this toolkit for the production of accurate orthomosaics, point clouds, and digital surface models from historical aerial photos. A workflow was designed and tested with 10 color aerial photos taken in 2003 of the Ocoa River system, which is located in the southern part of the Dominican Republic. The workflow comprised the preparation of images, selection of ground control points, reconstruction or bundle-block adjustment, dense matching with two different algorithms, and finally the generation of digital surface models (DSMs) and orthomosaics. The results showed that both the orthomosaics and DSMs showed good agreement with the reference data. The main conclusion was that the proposed workflow may be applicable to other historical aerial photographs, with high efficiency and at zero cost.
Decomposition of macrophyte detritus in seawater: effects of grazing by amphipods

In laboratory experiments, amphipods collected from eelgrass detritus in shallow water grazed on untreated leaves of Zostera marina L. but did not consume leaves from which the epibionts had been removed. The action of two adult Gammarus oceanicus SegerstrAle increased the rate of decomposition of 100 mg of Zostera leaf particles by 32 % (50C) and 35 % (210C) in 24 d and markedly reduced the average size of the leaf particles remaining. Experiments with homogeneously '4C-labelled hay as the source of detritus gave similar results but revealed details of the.daily rates of decomposition; e.g., the presence of an amphipod caused an immediate rise in the daily rate of loss of carbon to a maximum of 1.44 % after 21 d compared to the control system which had a maximum of 0.55 % per day. The addition of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus also increased the rate of decomposition but the maximum daily rate was only 1.16 % and was attained after 28 d.
Sexual versus asexual dispersal in clonal animals: examples from cheilostome bryozoans

The relative numbers of sexually and asexually recruited colonies and the proportion of brooding zooids were determined in 26 species of cheilostome bryozoans of Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary ages. Asexual reproduction seems to be much more widespread than previously realized, although its relative importance is related to growth habit. Arborescent species of these fossil assemblages reproduce mainly asexually via fragmentation; encrusting species reproduce sexually via motile larvae. Free-living species use both methods; some reproduce sexually, whereas other species have enhanced the ability to break and reproduce predominantly asexually. Mode of reproduction was stable over a period of 3 m.y. in all species except the vinelike Columnotheca cribrosa. In this species both the proportion of asexual recruits and brooding zooids varied in accord with environmental parameters. In all cases populations dominated by asexual propagation had a significantly lower proportion of brooding zooids than populations dominated by sexual propagation.
Association between luminous bacteria and Hydrozoa in the northern Ionian Sea

Several hydroid species live associated with many organisms, including bacteria. Hydroid–bacteria associations were searched for in twenty Hydrozoa species that were collected in the northern Ionian Sea and observed under blue light excitation. Of these, six showed high fluorescence on the outer perisarc, five appeared medium fluorescent, four were slightly fluorescent, and five did not show any fluorescence. Luminous bacteria were isolated and counted from the surface of the fluorescent hydroids. Their association with hydrozoan species could be explained by their feeding activity on the chitinous structures of the perisarc, as previous research on the hydroid Aglaophenia octodonta showed. Moreover, microalgae were always recovered together with luminous bacteria in the strongly, medium and slightly fluorescent hydroids. Further studies will be undertaken to characterize the luminous bacteria isolated from the surface of the examined hydrozoans as well as to better understand whether their interaction with hydroids is only related to chitin utilization or if their coexistence with microalgae in hydrozoans has an ecological meaning.
Hurricane impacts on liana populations in an old-growth southeastern bottomland forest

ALLEN, B. P. (Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802), E. F. PAULEY (Department of Biology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29528), AND R. R. SHARITZ (Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 124: 34-42. 1997. -Old-growth bottomland hardwood and slough forests of the Congaree Swamp National Monument, Columbia, SC, were exposed to winds of up to 155 km/hr during Hurricane Hugo in September 1989. Liana distribution and population changes were examined in ten 1 ha plots in 1989-90 and 1994. Prior to the hurricane, vines were not randomly distributed among host tree species. In the bottomland hardwood communities, Liquidambar styraciflua L. and Fraxinus spp. supported relatively more vines, and Ilex spp. , Carpinus caroliniana Walter. , and Nyssa spp. had fewer vines than other tree species. Liquidambar styraciflua was more likely to host Rhus radicans than were other tree species. Small trees with lianas suffered disproportionally greater damage from the hurricane than small trees with no lianas; trees of all sizes that supported three or more lianas were more likely to be damaged. Declines in liana populations appear to be related to high tree damage and to hydrologic regime. In sloughs, declines in liana stem density were greater than the levels of canopy damage would predict. Large woody vines that survived grew slowly over the four years following the hurricane.
Syndromes de résistance aux hormones thyroïdiennes : bases moléculaires et pathogéniques

La resistance aux hormones thyroidiennes est une maladie hereditaire de transmission autosomique dominante caracterisee par l'insensibilite de tissus, normalement reactifs, a une stimulation thyroidienne. On distingue trois formes cliniques differentes: generalisee, hypophysaire et peripherique extra-hypophysaire. Les techniques de biologie moleculaire ont permis l'identification de l'anomalie genetique au niveau de c-ErbAβ1, l'une des isoformes des recepteurs des hormones thyroidiennes. Soixante-trois anomalies genetiques differentes ont ete rapportees dans cent sept familles, entrainant notamment l'apparition d'une activite dominante negative, directement a l'origine du phenotype de resistance. La competition pour la liaison a l'ADN, la formation de dimeres inactifs et la consommation de cofacteurs de la transcription en quantite limitante, constituent les principaux mecanismes de cette resistance mais l'intervention de facteurs associes, genetiquement determines, est egalement fortement suspectee.
Land use changes and soil nutrient changes:a case study in Zunhua County,Hebei Province

Land use Change is the results of interactions between physical factors and human activities.Land ues change may influence many natural phenomena and ecological processes,including soil nutrient and soil water change,runoff and soil erosion,biodiversity and biogeochemical cycle.Land use changes can results in land degradation,such as water and soil loss,land desertification.It also can control water and soil loss,land desertification,and improve soil quality.Since late 1970s,the new land policy “Household Responsibility System” was implemented in the Chinese countryside,which has advanced China's agriculture and led to great changes in land use structure.Land use change has resulted in some changes in soil nutrients.This paper took Zunhua County,a typical agricultural area in northern China as a case study to analyze the relationship between land use changes and soil nutrient changes.The objectives are (1)to identify land use change within two typical periods of 1980 and 1999. (2)to examine soil nutrient changes between 1980 and 1999,and (3)to analyze the relationships between land use changes and soil nutrient changes. Land use change from 1980 to 1999 shows:(1)the area of farmland,grassland and paddy field decreased by 40%～50%;(2)the areas of forest,residential land,and water field increased by over 60%;(3)unutilized land had been transformed to farmland,forest,and residential land.The results of a transition matrix reflected the area increase or decline of each land use type.Between 1980 and 1999,29%,10%,and 10% of cultivated farmland were converted to forest,residential land and grassland respectively.About 64% of grassland was transformed to forest.About 59% of unutilized land was transformed to grassland,and 31% was transformed to forest. The soil nutrient status of farmland in 1999 increased significantly( p 0.10%)compared to 1980.The increase in organic matter content was because of an increase in straw incorporation.The differences in organic matter content for forest between 1980 and 1999 were not statistically significant.Except for avaliable P, soil nutrient levels for grassland improved significantly between 1980 and 1999.Soil nutrient changes could be related to large changes from grassland to forest and from farmland to forest and grassland.The introduction of forest grassland may have reduced the loss of soil nutrients by erosion and leaching. Land use changes have resulted in soil nutrient changes in the study area.The soils under forest in 1999 transformed from farmland in 1980 increased in organic matter by 21%,total nitrogen by 18%,available nitrogen by 65%,avaliable phosphorus by 17% and available potassium by 17%. Similarly,in the area which was converted from farmland in 1980 to grassland in 1999,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium increased by 38%,37%,71%,2%,28%,respectively.Changes from farmland to forest and grassland not only changed land cover but also improved soil fertility and probably reduced soil nutrient losses.
Structure–anticancer activity relationships among 4-azolidinone-3-carboxylic acids derivatives

The aim of present research was investigation of anticancer activity of 4-azolidinone-3-carboxylic acids derivatives, and studies of structure–activity relationships (SAR) aspects. Methods. Organic synthesis; spectral methods; anticancer screening was performed according to the US NCI protocol (Developmental Therapeutic Program). Results. The data of new 4-thiazolidinone-3-alkanecarboxylic acids derivatives in vitro anticancer activity were described. The most active compounds which belong to 5-arylidene-2,4thia(imida)zolidinone-3-alkanecarboxylic acids; 5-aryl(heteryl)idenerhodanine-3-succinic acids derivatives were selected. Determination of some SAR aspects which allowed to determine directions in leadcompounds structure optimization, as well as desirable molecular fragments for design of potential anticancer agents based on 4-azolidinone scaffold were performed. 5-Arylidenehydantoin-3-acetic acids amides were identified as a new class of significant selective antileukemic agents. Possible pharmacophore scaffold of 5-ylidenerhodanine-3-succinic acids derivatives was suggested. Conclusions. The series of active compounds with high anticancer activity and/or selectivity levels were selected. Some SAR aspects were determined and structure design directions were proposed.