Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Improved Maxillary and Dental Development

Background: Maxillary growth deficiency is still a problem in children with repaired cleft lip–cleft palate, and little progress has been made on research for its prevention. An increase in the early diagnosis of maxillary growth deficiency prompted this study to obtain an early indication of the efficacy of a new protocol for better dental and maxillary development. Methods: A new method for repair of the hard palate in infants with bilateral cleft lip–cleft palate that made innovative use of mucosa of the nasal septum and involved less extensive surgery was coupled with the repair of the lip at 18 months instead of at 8 months. Twelve consecutive cases were compared with 12 cases treated by the previous method. Records of dental occlusion and lateral head radiographs at 5 years were obtained prospectively for the new treatment group and retrospectively for the previous group. Results: In the previous group, there was a high incidence of dental crossbite. Incisor crossbite was present in 10 of the 12 (83 percent), and all 12 had one or both cuspids in crossbite. In the new treatment group, the incisor crossbite was reduced to four of 12 cases (33 percent), with cuspid crossbite at 50 percent. The new treatment group also showed greater values for cephalometric measures in maxillary length, maxillary prominence, and the ANB angle. Conclusion: At the age of 5 years, a definite improvement in dental and maxillary development was evident in the new treatment group.
Build Dynamic Verifiers for Real Concurrency APIs, and Novel GUIs to Visualize Concurrency Nuances

Acknowledgements: This position statement covers joint work with the students of the Gauss research group, principally Sarvani Vakkalanka, Anh Vo, Sriram Aananthakrishnan, and Michael DeLisi. Discussions with faculty CoPI Robert M. Kirby are gratefully acknowledged. Summary: This paper is first a plea that formal methods researchers start studying and building support for the plethora of concurrency APIs being proposed. Formal methods researchers have shown heightened interest on the topic of transaction memories. However, a corresponding level of interest on other APIs (elaborated below) is lacking. Second, this paper explores ideas on how GUIs for formal methods tools applicable to real world concurrency APIs might differ from other GUIs (such as for traditional debuggers). While many ideas, such as message sequencing charts, have been pioneered in tools such as SPIN [1], each proposed concurrency API has enough nuances of concurrency, resource usage, communication, and synchronization that every attempt must be made to display them in an intuitively appealing manner. This paper elaborates on these statements, and then walks the reader through these features of ISP [5, 6], our push-button dynamic formal verifier of Message Passing Interface [3] (MPI) programs. ISP has a graphical user interface (GUI) that is particularly tailored to give users insights into the message passing concurrency of MPI. Details: A large number of APIs, domain specific languages, and annotation frameworks (generically called “APIs” in this paper) are under active consideration for the development of future concurrent systems. They include both well established APIs as well as some new ones; a partial list would be MPI, Intel Thread Building Blocks, various transaction memories (TM), OpenMP, CUDA, OpenCL, Parallel FX, Task Parallel Library, and MCAPI. One should begin educating students on the existence and state of maturity of these APIs. Current textbooks and descriptive papers do not emphasize the formal aspects of these APIs. There must ideally be push-button dynamic formal verifiers for programs written against concurrency APIs. The importance of dynamic formal verification stems from the fact that they combine the best features of model checkers and traditional debuggers. In particular, they are easy to use, are based on concrete execution of actual codes (and not verification models), do not generate false alarms, and can generate counterexamples when assertions fail. As
PD‐1 signaling in primary T cells

Summary: Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) is a cell surface molecule that regulates the adaptive immune response. Engagement of PD‐1 by its ligands PD‐L1 or PD‐L2 transduces a signal that inhibits T‐cell proliferation, cytokine production, and cytolytic function. While a great deal is known concerning the biologic roles PD‐1 plays in regulating the primary immune response and in T‐cell exhaustion, comparatively little is known regarding how PD‐1 ligation alters signaling pathways. PD‐1 ligation is known to inhibit membrane‐proximal T‐cell signaling events, while ligation of the related inhibitory molecule cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen‐4 appears to target more downstream signaling pathways. A major obstacle to an in‐depth understanding of PD‐1 signaling is the lack of physiologic models in which to study signal transduction. This review focuses on: (i) signaling pathways altered by PD‐1 ligation, (ii) factors recruited upon PD‐1 phosphorylation, and (iii) exploring the hypothesis that PD‐1 ligation induces distinct signals during various stages of immune‐cell differentiation. Lastly, we describe models to dissect the function of the PD‐1 cytoplasmic tail using primary cells in the absence of agonist antibodies.
Effect of saquinavir/ritonavir on P-glycoprotein activity in healthy volunteers using digoxin as a probe.

BACKGROUND Saquinavir and ritonavir, both human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors, also inhibit the adenosine triphosphate-dependent efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is located at a variety of anatomic sites, including the human intestine. P-gp plays an important role in the absorption, distribution and elimination of numerous drugs. This study investigated the inhibitory potential of multiple administrations of ritonavir-boosted saquinavir at the target therapeutic dose of 1,000 mg saquinavir/100 mg ritonavir twice daily on the pharmacokinetics of oral digoxin, a model P-gp substrate that is predominantly excreted as unchanged drug in the urine. METHODS In an open-label, 1-sequence, 2-period crossover study, a single digoxin dose of 0.5 mg was administered orally on Day 1. From Days 11 through 26, participants received oral administration of saquinavir/ritonavir 1,000/100 mg twice daily. A second dose of digoxin was administered on Day 24. Blood and urine sampling for pharmacokinetic analyses of digoxin was performed at scheduled time points on Days 1 - 4 and Days 24 - 27. Serial blood samples were drawn to determine plasma levels of saquinavir and ritonavir on Days 21 - 24. Adverse event reports were collected. RESULTS Of the 17 enrolled participants (9 males and 8 females) who received at least one dose of study medication, 16 completed the study. Two weeks of pretreatment with ritonavir and saquinavir resulted in a 1.27-fold increase in digoxin Cmax (90% confidence interval (1.05 - 1.54)) and a 1.49-fold increase in AUC0-72 (90% CI (1.32 - 1.69)). Renal clearance decreased by a factor 0.88 from 111 to 97.3 ml/min while digoxin half-life increased from 37.0 to 45.3 h. The unbound fraction of digoxin was almost unaffected. The changes in digoxin renal clearance and exposure (AUC0-72) following 2 weeks of treatment with saquinavir/ritonavir were found to be more pronounced among female participants compared with males. Plasma concentrations of saquinavir/ritonavir at trough and at 4 h postdose were within the expected ranges for each gender, with female participants showing higher concentrations than male participants. All three treatments were well tolerated, with no serious adverse events noted. Despite the higher digoxin exposure among females compared to males following saquinavir/ritonavir administration, overall safety profiles were similar. On electrocardiographic readings, a trend of a longer PR interval was noted with triple combination of agents. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with saquinavir/ritonavir 1,000/100 mg twice daily increased digoxin exposure most likely via P-gp-inhibition. Given the relatively narrow therapeutic window of digoxin, caution should be exercised when these three drugs are administered together. It is recommended to reduce digoxin doses and to monitor digoxin serum concentrations.
Theory of the optimum approximation of vector-signals with applications

Recently, it has been required to develop efficient method of solving large-scale set of variable-coefficient linear differential equations in the field of the quantum mechanics in order to analyse the 3D structure of prion-protein. In this paper, we present generalized optimum approximation for a certain set of vector-signals that must be useful in solving these differential equations. The presented approximation is quite flexible in choosing sample points and linear preprocessing. The number of variables for a signal and its generalized spectrum are different, in general. In this analysis, we consider the set of vector-signals such that the generalized spectrums have weighted norms smaller than a given positive number. The presented approximation minimizes various worst-case measure of approximation error at the same time among all the linear and the nonlinear approximations under the same conditions.
Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV: from pathogenesis to prediction

Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is an exaggerated, dysregulated immune response against dead or viable antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that frequently occurs after initiation of antiretroviral therapy despite an effective suppression of HIV viremia. Scientific advances in IRIS pathogenesis have led researchers and clinicians to postulate risk factors that could possibly predict this syndrome, in an attempt to reduce the incidence and the severity of IRIS, with appropriate anti-inflammatory therapy. This review is a summary of the available literature on pathogenic mechanisms involved from the macro to the micro level, the clinical spectrum, available predictors and the scope of these biomarkers to function as specific therapeutic targets, that could effectively modulate or ameliorate this syndrome in future.
Genomic analysis of clonal eosinophils by CGH arrays reveals new genetic regions involved in chronic eosinophilia

To assess the presence of genetic imbalances in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), 38 patients with chronic eosinophilia were studied by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): seven had chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), BCR‐ABL1 positive, nine patients had myeloproliferative neoplasia Ph− (MPN‐Ph−), three had a myeloid neoplasm associated with a PDGFRA rearrangement, and the remaining two cases were Lymphoproliferative T neoplasms associated with eosinophilia. In addition, 17 patients had a secondary eosinophilia and were used as controls. Eosinophilic enrichment was carried out in all cases. Genomic imbalances were found in 76% of all MPN patients. Losses on 20q were the most frequent genetic abnormality in MPNs (32%), affected the three types of MPN studied. This study also found losses at 11q13.3 in 26% of patients with MPN‐Ph− and in 19p13.11 in two of the three patients with an MPN associated with a PDGFRA rearrangement. In addition, 29% of patients with CML had losses on 8q24. In summary, aCGH revealed clonality in eosinophils in most MPNs, suggesting that it could be a useful technique for defining clonality in these diseases. The presence of genetic losses in new regions could provide new insights into the knowledge of these MPN associated with eosinophilia.
Detection of malicious behavior in android apps through API calls and permission uses analysis

In recent years, with the prevalence of smartphones, the number of Android malware shows explosive growth. As malicious apps may steal users' sensitive data and even money from mobile and bank accounts, it is important to detect potential malicious behaviors so as to block them. To achieve this goal, we propose a dynamic behavior inspection and analysis framework for malicious behavior detection. A customized Android system is built to record apps' API calls, permission uses, and some other runtime features. We also develop an automated app behavior inspection platform to install and inspect massive samples so as to collect apps' dynamic behavior records. Then these records are exploited to train a string subsequence kernel–based Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, which can be used to classify benign and malicious behaviors offline. To realize online detection, we further extract apps' runtime features including sensitive permission combination uses, sensitive behavior sequences, and user interactions for behavior classification. The classification results can reach an accuracy of 84.9% in offline phase and 99.0% in online phase. Besides, we verify our scheme for identifying malicious apps, and the results show that 71.8% instances of malware samples are identified by running each app for only 18 minutes.
PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA SOBRE EXPERIÊNCIAS EM SERVIÇOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a producao academica sobre o tema “experiencia em servicos”, a partir de levantamento de artigos cientificos publicados em periodicos vinculados as bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Ebsco e Emerald. Com uso das palavras-chave " Service * Experience ", " Consumer experience " and “ Service *”, e " Customer experience ” and “ Service *”, 2.864 artigos foram identificados. Apos depuracoes, 110 foram selecionados para compor a revisao sistematica. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se o crescimento do volume de publicacoes a partir de 2012, indicando ser tema de interesse atual. Os trabalhos analisados trazem como principais palavras-chave “ customer experience ” e “ service experience ”, termos igualmente em destaque na revisao de literatura. A analise dos procedimentos metodologicos indicou a predominância da abordagem quantitativa, com pesquisa do tipo survey e uso de analise fatorial confirmatoria como procedimento estatistico mais recorrente.
Modèles de langage ad hoc pour la reconnaissance automatique de la parole. (Ad-hoc language models for automatic speech recognition)

Les trois piliers d’un systeme de reconnaissance automatique de la parole sont le lexique,le modele de langage et le modele acoustique. Le lexique fournit l’ensemble des mots qu’il est possible de transcrire, associes a leur prononciation. Le modele acoustique donne une indication sur la maniere dont sont realises les unites acoustiques et le modele de langage apporte la connaissance de la maniere dont les mots s’enchainent.Dans les systemes de reconnaissance automatique de la parole markoviens, les modeles acoustiques et linguistiques sont de nature statistique. Leur estimation necessite de gros volumes de donnees selectionnees, normalisees et annotees.A l’heure actuelle, les donnees disponibles sur le Web constituent de loin le plus gros corpus textuel disponible pour les langues francaise et anglaise. Ces donnees peuvent potentiellement servir a la construction du lexique et a l’estimation et l’adaptation du modele de langage. Le travail presente ici consiste a proposer de nouvelles approches permettant de tirer parti de cette ressource.Ce document est organise en deux parties. La premiere traite de l’utilisation des donnees presentes sur le Web pour mettre a jour dynamiquement le lexique du moteur de reconnaissance automatique de la parole. L’approche proposee consiste a augmenter dynamiquement et localement le lexique du moteur de reconnaissance automatique de la parole lorsque des mots inconnus apparaissent dans le flux de parole. Les nouveaux mots sont extraits du Web grâce a la formulation automatique de requetes soumises a un moteur de recherche. La phonetisation de ces mots est obtenue grâce a un phonetiseur automatique.La seconde partie presente une nouvelle maniere de considerer l’information que represente le Web et des elements de la theorie des possibilites sont utilises pour la modeliser. Un modele de langage possibiliste est alors propose. Il fournit une estimation de la possibilite d’une sequence de mots a partir de connaissances relatives a ’existence de sequences de mots sur le Web. Un modele probabiliste Web reposant sur le compte de documents fourni par un moteur de recherche Web est egalement presente. Plusieurs approches permettant de combiner ces modeles avec des modeles probabilistes classiques estimes sur corpus sont proposees. Les resultats montrent que combiner les modeles probabilistes et possibilistes donne de meilleurs resultats que es modeles probabilistes classiques. De plus, les modeles estimes a partir des donnees Web donnent de meilleurs resultats que ceux estimes sur corpus.
Etch-eroded fiber coupler for whispering-gallery-mode excitation in high-Q silica microspheres

A simple and inexpensive technique for the excitation of whispering-gallery-modes in silica microspheres is presented. In this technique, the cladding of a single-mode optical fiber is etched chemically in order to expose the fiber's evanescent field. The cladding can be eroded partially, or removed completely with continued etching into the core. The etch-erosion procedure requires a minimum of specialized equipment and preparation time.
Estimateur de la distance maximale pour le processus de diffusion ergodiques

Nous etudions un estimateur de la distance minimale (EMD) de type Cramer-Von mise pour des processus de diffusion ergodiques unidimensionnels. Le critere a minimiser est [? ], norme de la difference entre la fonction de repartition empirique FT (.) et la famille {Fq(.)} des fonctions de repartition invariantes du modele. Nous etablissons dans un premier temps sa consistance forte, puis sa normalite asymptotique dans le cas multidimensionnel. Dans le cas d'un parametre unidimensionnel, nous montrons que sur un evenement de probabilite croissante vers 1 lorsque T [? ] cet estimateur admet un developpement en puissance de T[? ]. Nous etudions ensuite le cas d'un modele mal specifie et nous montrons la convergence de l'EMD vers une certaine valeur q* et sa normalite asymptotique. Nous concluons en prouvant un theoreme de limite centrale fonctionnelle pour le processus empirique dans le cas ou certains parametres de la distribution invariante sont estimes par la methode de la distance minimale. Nous donnons des exemples complets et nous montrons son comportement sur des simulations numeriques ainsi que sur des donnees reelles de taux d'interet a un jour issues du marche monetaire francais.
CONHECIMENTOS EXIGIDOS AOS PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA PARA INGRESSO NA DOCÊNCIA NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que discutiu os conhecimentos exigidos, aos professores de Matematica, no concurso para provimento de cargos na Educacao Basica no Estado de Minas Gerais, em 2015. Os dados foram coletados por meio da analise detalhada do edital do concurso, que apresentou as diretrizes da selecao. Em seguida, realizamos a analise da prova aplicada aos professores e destacamos as questoes significativas, objetivando categorizar essas questoes de acordo com o conteudo de destaque. A analise de dados fundamentou-se nos estudos de Shulman (1986; 1987) e Ball, Thames e Phelps (2008). Comparando a estrutura da prova com o conteudo programatico disposto no edital 04/2014, verificamos uma inconsistencia entre os conteudos elencados e as questoes propostas na prova. Percebemos, com a analise das questoes, de acordo com os conhecimentos propostos por Ball, Thames e Phelps (2008), que o unico conhecimento contemplado e o conhecimento comum do conteudo. Espera-se que o professor de Matematica tenha dominio de outros conhecimentos para exercer bem o trabalho docente. Assim, e desejavel que uma selecao de professores de Matematica, para a Educacao Basica, contemple conhecimentos alem do conhecimento comum do conteudo, tais como: o conhecimento especializado do conteudo, o conhecimento horizontal do conteudo, o conhecimento do conteudo e de alunos, o conhecimento do conteudo e do ensino e o conhecimento do curriculo. Palavras-chave: Formacao de Professores de Matematica, Conhecimento, Educacao Basica, Educacao Matematica.
Remote sensing big data utilization for paddy growth stages detection

Predicting and estimating the character of big data becomes paramount since it is laborious to deal with big data with conventional models and algorithms. Remote sensing big data from various satellites consist of many large-scale images that are exceptionally complex in terms of their structural, spectral, and textual features. Also, most of them are still in annotated form. Therefore, it is a challenge to explore them for detecting objects on the ground that are beneficial to humans using their sophisticated features. In this paper, we proposed a remote sensing big data for paddy growth stages detection, through multi-temporal analysis with a heuristic algorithm. Information derived from growth stages is very useful to know the needs of water, fertilizer, and crop planting calendar to increase productivity.
Comparativos de ferramentas para SQL Injection em Aplicações Web

Ao longo dos anos as aplicacoes web vem tornando-se cada vez mais acessiveis e mais procuradas nao so como uma forma de divulgacao, mas tambem como forma de oferecem novos tipos de servicos como: e-commerce, e-government. No entanto, esses servicos que utilizam aplicacoes web estao sujeitos a ataques, ja que as informacoes obtidas pelo sistema sao armazenadas no banco de dados. Esses ataques por sua vez sao feitos por crackers que aproveitam das vulnerabilidades dos sistemas web para roubar informacoes atraves de acessos nao autorizados. Este artigo, alem de apresentar uma das maiores vulnerabilidades existentes, conhecida como SQL Injection (segundo informacoes da WOASP) tem por objetivo fazer uma analise mais profunda de duas ferramentas de deteccao de vulnerabilidades: SQLMap e TheMole. Para a realizacao dessa analise sera aplicado estudo de caso atraves de um estudo experimental para comprovacao de que e possivel fazer deteccao de vulnerabilidades de SQL injection com menor custo eficiencia e qualidade. Alguns pontos tambem foram levados em consideracao para as supostas analises como: tempo, preparacao dos testes, aplicacao de metodos, apresentacao de falsos positivos, identificacao de comandos simples entre outros.
An Acute, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Crossover Study of 320 mg and 640 mg Doses of a Special Extract of Bacopa monnieri (CDRI 08) on Sustained Cognitive Performance

Standardized extracts of the traditional Ayurvedic medicine Bacopa monnieri (BM) (Brahmi) have been recently shown to have cognitive enhancing effects in chronic administration studies. Pre‐clinical work has also identified a number of acute anxiolytic, nootropic, and cardiovascular effects of BM. There has, however, been little research on the acute effects of BM on cognitive function. The current study aimed to assess the acute effects of a specific extract of BM (KeenMind® ‐ CDRI 08) in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study in normal healthy participants who completed a cognitively demanding series of tests. Twenty‐four healthy volunteers completed six repetitions of the Cognitive Demand Battery (CDB) after consuming a placebo, 320 mg BM or 640 mg of BM in a cross‐over design and provided cardiovascular and mood assessments before and after treatment. Change from baseline scores indicated that the 320 mg dose of BM improved performance at the first, second, and fourth repetition post‐dosing on the CDB, and the treatments had no effect upon cardiovascular activity or in attenuating task‐induced ratings of stress and fatigue. It was concluded that assessment of an earlier pharmacological window and use of less memory‐specific cognitive tests together with more temporally sensitive measures of brain activity may improve our understanding of the acute neurocognitive properties of BM. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.