Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simplex didactics: promoting transversal learning through the training of perspective taking

Several studies have focused on Visual Perspective Taking (from here on out “PT”). PT refer to the capacity to elaborate space from different perspectives. Research results led to the hypothesis that such an ability constitutes a milestone in the development of an individual’s social skills, more specifically empathy, whose full development is at the basis of numerous school-related competencies. Even the national educational system seems to recognise the central role of the development of such skill in students’ learning. To date, there is a lack of studies and teaching methods specifically designed to favour an adequate development of PT. The objective of this paper is to present the results of the validation of an edugame specifically designed to measure and promote the PT skill development.
Using Bioinformatics Tools for Identification and Characterization of Transcriptome Derived EST-SSRs in Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.)

Bioinformatics tools have been used to evaluate silver fir de novo assembled 454 transcriptome. A total of 3500 EST-SSRs were detected in the 454 transcriptome of silver fir. Most abundant are tri-nucleotide SSRs being followed by tetra- SSRs and di- SSRs. In addition, was determined the density, frequency, average length and average repeat number of EST-SSRs in the 454 transcriptome of silver fir.
Efeito do inseticida organofosforado metilparation (Folisuper 600BR) sobre a função cardio-respiratória do peixe teleósteo matrinxã, Brycon cephalus

Methyl parathion (MP) is an organophosphorus insecticide used worldwide in agriculture and aquaculture due to its high activity against a broad spectrum of insect pests. In a first phase of the study, specimens of matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) were exposed to a sublethal concentration (2 mg.L, 1/3 of the 96h-LC50) of MP (Folisuper 600, MP 600 g.L) for 96h, and their heart rate (fH), oxygen consumption ( 2 O V& ), gill ventilation ( G V& ), and oxygen extraction (EO2) were measured, during normoxia and in response to graded hypoxia. The fish developed a significant bradycardia during moderate hypoxia, which was higher for the MP exposed group. 2 O V& was kept constant over a wide range of O2 tensions of inspired water (PiO2), until he critical oxygen tensions (PcO2), 35 mmHg for control group and 52 mmHg for the MP exposed group, respectively, were achieved. G V& increased following the changes in 2 O V& and was the result of an accentuated increase in breath volume, rather than in breath frequency. Oxygen extraction was kept almost constant at about 56% for both experimental groups, regardless of ambient oxygen tensions or MP exposure. We used an isometric muscle preparation to test the effect of a single 96h MP exposure to 2 mg.L of MP on the heart excitation-contraction coupling of B. cephalus. Ryanodine (a blocker of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca release) reduced the force of contraction by approximately 70% in B. cephalus ventricle, suggesting that this species utilizes the intracellular Ca storages of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during routine contractions. MP exposure resulted in a significant decrease in force development and an increase in the time to half relaxation (THR), providing evidences of the effect of MP on intracellular Ca stores. Cardio-respiratory responses to MP can be attributed to damage caused to the gill epithelium, which results in impaired gas exchange. Effects of MP exposure to the ventricular myocardium correspond to the SR Ca storages impairment and to cholinesterase inhibition in nerves supplying the heart.
Central Control Of Body Fat And Thermoregulation Through Shared And Separate Sympathetic Circuitries And Sensory Feedback

More than 30% of the population suffers from obesity, which increases the risk of death and secondary health problems. Body fat [white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT)] are innervated and regulated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). WAT stores energy, while BAT generates heat for thermoregulation. Fat also has sensory innervations, but the roles of sensory nerves are still being elucidated. Hence, understanding the neuroanatomy of the SNS innervations of fat and the neural regulation of fat metabolism will be valuable for advancing obesity treatment. Using trans-synaptic tract tracers with unique fluorescent proteins, we defined and compared the SNS innervations of visceral fat [mesenteric WAT (MWAT)] and subcutaneous fat [inguinal WAT (IWAT)] and of IWAT and interscapular BAT (IBAT) in Siberian hamsters. MWAT and IWAT have moderately shared SNS innervations within the hindbrain, but separate SNS innervations in rostral regions. In contrast, IWAT and IBAT have relatively separate SNS circuitries throughout the brain yet some overlap in SNS nuclei known to regulate thermogenesis. We tested for the presence of functional coordination between IWAT and IBAT defined by overlap in IWAT SNS and IBAT SNS innervations. When IBAT function was impaired by SNS denervation, IWAT SNS drive, thermogenic activity, and beige adipocyte recruitment increased in cold exposed hamsters likely through coordination with IWAT SNS pathways. Conversely, we found that only SNS drive to IWAT increased during acute food deprivation suggesting that populations of SNS neurons singly innervating each fat depot may contribute to differential SNS drive to fat. Lastly, we demonstrated that IWAT sensory nerves mediate the functional coordination between IWAT and IBAT and the regulation of SNS drive to fat. The absence of IWAT sensory feedback via sensory denervation differentially decreased SNS drive to IBAT and IWAT itself, but not to MWAT, retroperitoneal WAT, and epididymal WAT in cold exposed hamsters. Collectively, the studies in this dissertation provide neuroanatomical evidence of separate and shared SNS brain sites likely receiving sensory signaling and regulating SNS drive to fat, and direct evidence of the roles of SNS and sensory nerves innervating fat to energetic homeostasis and thermoregulation. INDEX WORDS: White fat, Brown fat, Sympathetic drive, Norepinephrine turnover, Pseudorabies virus, Cold exposure CENTRAL CONTROL OF BODY FAT AND THERMOREGULATION THROUGH SHARED AND SEPARATE SYMPATHETIC CIRCUITRIES AND SENSORY FEEDBACK
Analysis of genotype by environment interaction for grain yield of intermediate maturing drought tolerant top-cross maize hybrids under rain-fed conditions

Abstract Maize plays a crucial role in combating food insecurity in Ghana due to its high yield potential and wide adaptability. Thirty five intermediate maturing maize hybrids were evaluated at eight locations in Ghana for two years (i) to determine grain yield performance, stability and adatability, (ii) to determine the representativeness and discriminating ability of the test locations and (iii) identify core testing sites for selection of superior maize hybrids. Genotype, environment and genotype × environment interactions were significant (p < 0.01) for grain yield and most other traits measured. Grain yield of the hybrids ranged from 3.3 to 4.7 t ha−1 for in the present study. The GGE biplot analysis identified genotype M1326-17 as the most stable and high yielding hybrid followed by M1326-14 and M1326-4. Test locations were divided into three groups; Ejura and Damongo constituting the first group; Kpeve, Fumesua, Nyankpala, Pokuasi and Yendi the second and Wa standing alone as the third. Damongo was highly discriminating and representative in the first group and was identified as a core test site in that group. Fumesua and Nyankpala were identified as core test sites within group two while Wa was identified as the only test site in group three. The core testing sites identified would be used to facilitate the identification of superior maize hybrids to reduce testing cost in the country.
Performance and remediation potential of Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. grown in nickel-contaminated soils

The performance and remediation potential of Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. grown in nickel contaminated soil was assessed. Six contamination regimes of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg Ni/kg soil and control were set up in three replicates each. Chrysopogon aciculatus established from tillers were allowed to grow six weeks before data collection started. Data were collected weekly on ground cover, chlorophyll index and concentrations, total carotenoids and yield at maturity. Soil Ni concentrations were determined at pre-plant and post-harvest stages. Ground cover was not significantly different among the treatments. Ni contaminated treatments had the highest chlorophyll index at 10 and 12 weeks after planting. Chlorophyll a concentration was highest in 150 mg Ni/kg treatment (T 150 ) at 12 WAP. T 150 also had the least Chlorophyll b concentration at 12 WAP. T 200 and T 250 had low total carotenoids at 12 WAP. Dried shoot and root from T 300 had the highest Ni concentrations. Grass grown in T 200 accounted for the highest soil Ni uptake (% Ni remediated) with 96.4%. Soil Ni contents were reduced in all treatments. It is concluded that C. aciculatus can tolerate Ni contamination in soil and therefore can be used as a turf grass on Ni polluted soils.
Initial Screening of Fresh Water Mussel Bioactive Components from (Anodonta woodiana Lea.) from Antioxidant Compounds

Kijing Taiwan meupakan kekerangan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat untuk berbagai macam penyakit, membersihkan racun dalam tubuh, memperlancar sirkulasi darah, menambah energi, dan memperkuat daya tahan tubuh. Berbagai khasiat yang terdapat pada kijing Taiwan mendorong penelitian tentang kandungan bioaktif sebagai antioksidan yang terdapat di dalamnya. Penelitian dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan utama. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menentukan jenis pelarut yang efektif dapat mengekstrak senyawa antioksidan kijing Taiwan. Metode ekstraksi yang dilakukan adalah ekstraksi bertingkat untuk memisahkan ekstrak berdasarkan sifat kepolarannya. Pengujian antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH). Penelitian utama dilakukan untuk menentukan waktu maserasi paling optimal untuk mendapatkan ekstrak dengan sifat antioksidan paling tinggi. Pengujian ini dilanjutkan dengan menghitung bilangan peroksida emulsi minyak dan uji fitokimia. Jenis pelarut terbaik berdasarkan penelitian pendahuluan adalah metanol nilai IC50 sebesar 201,52 ppm. Hasil uji ekstrak dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat menghasilkan senyawa yang tidak bersifat sebagai antioksidan. Tahap penelitian utama dilakukan maserasi dengan pelarut metanol selama 24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam. Hasil uji efek antioksidan paling tinggi diperoleh dari maserasi selama 72 jam dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 166,64 ppm. Pengujian penghitungan bilangan peroksida dilakukan menggunakan ekstrak dari hasil terbaik, yaitu maserasi kijing Taiwan dengan metanol selama 72 jam. Bilangan peroksida yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 2,38Meq/kg bahan. Bilangan peroksida yang terbentuk masih di bawah ambang batas ketengikan minyak, yaitu 3 Meq/kgbahan. Uji fitokimia terhadap ekstrak kijing Taiwan menunjukkan hasil positif pada uji alkaloid dan flavonoid, tetapi negatif pada uji steroid. Kata kunci: antioksidan, ekstraksi bertingkat, kijing Taiwan
PERBAIKAN HISTOLOGIS PUSAT LEARNING AND MEMORY DI HIPOKAMPUS OTAK SETELAH PERLAKUAN SUPLEMEN DAGING IKAN GABUS (Channa striata)

Cornu ammonis (CA3 dan CA1) merupakan struktur di hipokampus yang merupakan pusat learning and memory. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran perbaikan histologis lapisan CA3 dan CA1 di hipokampus otak tikus setelah suplementasi daging ikan gabus dalam pakan pasca stres. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah Tikus Wistar jantan. Perlakuan yang diberikan, meliputi P0: kontrol, yaitu tikus Wistar yang dikondisikan stres selama 6 hari yang diikuti pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi daging ikan gabus selama 14 hari; P1, P2, P3, dan P4, berturut-turut adalah tikus Wistar yang dikondisikan stres yang diikuti pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Variabel penelitian yang diukur adalah ketebalan lapisan CA3 dan CA1. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus sebanyak 15% selama 14 hari pada tikus Wistar pasca stres memberi pengaruh terbaik pada perbaikan histologis lapisan CA3 dan CA1 hipokampus, berturut-turut 53,60 μm2 (17,49%) dan 46,31 μm2 (78,32%), lebih baik dibanding kontrol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus selama 14 hari pada tikus Wistar pasca stres dapat memperbaiki lapisan CA3 dan CA1 di hipokampus otak. Kata kunci: cornu ammonis, daging ikan gabus, hipokampus, learning and memory, suplemen
Phenotypic evolution in the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina): adaptations for dispersal

13 Introduction . 14 Materials and Methods . 15 Results . 18 Discussion . 21 Acknowledgements . 23 Literature Cited . 23 Chapter 3. Athletic Anurans: The Impact of Morphology, Ecology, and Evolution on Climbing Ability in Invasive Cane Toads . 27 Abstract . 28 Introduction . 29. 28 Introduction . 29
Utilização de óleos vegetais em dietas para juvenis de piava (Leporinus obtusidens)

This study aimed to evaluate the response of piava (Leporinus obtusidens) after the use of vegetable oils in the diet, under performance, nutrient deposition and activity of digestive enzymes. Over 35 days five treatments were tested, with the inclusion of 3% of corn oil, soy, canola, linseed, and a control treatment without the inclusion of oil. Fish with an average initial weight of 1.78±0.07 g were randomly assigned in a water recirculation system consisting of 15 tanks, with suitable water quality parameters throughout the trial period. At the end of biometrics experiment data was collected. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and three replicates; the data was submitted to normality test and analysis of variance. The averages, when significant, were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05). Fish fed diets containing canola oil showed higher weight and length and protein deposition when compared to the control treatment. Higher chymotrypsin activity was observed in the fish fed the diet containing soya oil and lower with linseed oil. It is concluded that the use of oils in the diet is essential for best performance of the fish, and canola oil as indicated by optimizing the deposition of body protein for animals.
CLUSTERING OF UNSTRUCTURED DATA IN BIG DATA WITH HADOOP

The Big Data system, which integrates software and hardware components, is hardly available without the support of the main industrial shareholders. In fact, for decades, corporations made business decisions based on transactional data stored in relational databases. Big Data mining offers the opportunity to go beyond their relational databases to have less structured data: weblogs, social sites, email, and pictures that can be extracted to obtain useful data.
Quarter vs. composite colostrum composition assessed by Brix refractometry, specific gravity and visual color appearance in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Abstract The control of colostrum quality is essential for successful calf rearing. Instruments for on-farm colostrum quality determination are mostly utilized for testing composite colostrum samples, but do not take potential variation between quarters into account. In cases of low composite colostrum quality, feeding of better quality colostrum from individual quarters might be beneficial. The objective of the present study was to identify relationships between colostrum color, colostrum quality and composition. Besides laboratory methods, a colostrometer and a Brix refractometer were used to assess colostrum quality at quarter levels. Quarter and composite colostrum samples from 17 primiparous and 11 multiparous Holstein cows were analyzed for total IgG, fat, protein and lactose content; color was measured by a spectrophotometer. In the present study, an IgG concentration below 50 g/L as determined by ELISA was found in 14.3% of the analyzed quarter samples. Concentration and mass of IgG in composite colostrum samples were greater in multiparous compared with primiparous cows. Specific gravity (SG) of colostrum of individual and composite samples was lower in primiparous compared with multiparous cows. Milk fat content was greater in quarter and composite colostrum samples of primiparous compared with multiparous dairy cows. No clear relationships between IgG content and SG, Brix, and the color space coordinates L*, a*, and b* were detected. Interestingly, results indicate that despite a similar range of the variables investigated, correlations between those parameters can differ at quarter compared to composite level. Not only for SG and Brix determination, but also for the color space coordinates measured, correlation coefficients with IgG concentration of the respective samples were greater at a composite compared with the individual quarter level. In conclusion, accuracy and limitations of on-farm instruments estimating colostrum quality apply to both quarter colostrum samples and composite evaluations. Identification of quarters with superior colostrum quality would possibly be a way to improve the immunization of newborn calves. However, the potential on-farm methods validated in the present study to estimate quarter colostrum quality are not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between quarters. This is due to the variation of gross colostrum composition between individual quarters of a cow.
How the Form and Function of Postcranial Skeleton in Mammals Reflect their Ecological Niche and Locomotory Habits

Current mammal’s diversity is the result of several radiations related to the invasion of new ecological niches. The niche of a species is determined by the habitat in which it lives, its habitat requirements and its behavioral adaptations. All in all, allow a species to persist and produce offspring. The mammal diverse groups show great morphological differentiation of the postcranial anatomy. Postcranium is referred to the whole or a part of the skeleton except skull and mandible. It consists of four structural and functional subunits including vertebral column and thorax, pectoral girdle (scapula and clavicle) and forelimb, pelvic girdle (innominate bone and sacral bone) and hindlimb, and postcranial muscular system. Although the postcranial skeleton of mammals reflects their ecology and locomotory habits, but the interplay between postcranial diversity and ecological niche as well as phylogenetic influences has received relatively little attention. Most studies on the locomotory apparatus in mammals have been restricted to the study of the limb long bones for determination of morphological variations in skeletal system during growth [1-3].
Free radical scavenging activities can mitigate the effect of water stress in chickpea

Abstract. To get a comprehensive view of drought tolerance mechanisms, the influence of water deficit stress on antioxidative capacity due to scavenging of free radicals and ability to maintain reduced cell state was investigated in roots, nodules, leaves, pod wall and seeds of two chickpea cultivars differing in rooting behaviour. ICC4958 (deep rooted) possessed better ability to combat water deficit-induced oxidative stress relative to ILC3279 (shallow rooted) as revealed by increase in total phenol, reducing power, ferric reducing ability and capacity to scavenge 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and OH free radicals. Effect of water deficit stress on photosynthetic pigments of these cultivars was also studied. The investigation revealed that the influence of water stress in enhancing antioxidative capacity was most prominent in roots of ICC4958 among all other tissues as revealed by increased total phenols, DPPH and OH free radical scavenging activity and total reducing power under stress. However, roots of ILC3279 suffered a decrease in total phenolic content, total reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity under prolonged stress, which was reflected in reduced antioxidative defence in reproductive tissues like decreased reducing power in pod wall and ferric-reducing antioxidant power ability in seeds.
There and back again; Efficient foraging with heterogeneous Agents using Pheromones

Foraging is a canonical task for swarm intelligence systems. Traditionally this task has been preformed by a swarm of homogeneous agents, often with the help of pheromones for indirect communication. Some researcher have experimented with how heterogeneous agents can achieve this task. Yet little research exist, combining morphologically heterogeneous agents with pheromone based foraging algorithms. This is confirmed thought a structured literature review. C-SAF is an existing foraging algorithm employing homogeneous agents, communication via pheromones. In this thesis, morphologically heterogeneous agents are introduced and combined with the core mechanics of C-SAF to creating a new algorithm, dubbed H-CAF. H-CAF is compared with C-SAF across different scenarios, using well established performance metrics from the literature.
An Irreversible Worsening Cardiac Function after Withdrawing Medical Treatments in a Patient with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Pathological Analysis

A 44-year-old man diagnosed with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was admitted to our hospital with acute decompensated heart failure. Seven years before this admission, the first introduction of medication resulted in left ventricular (LV) recovery, which was sustained for several years. However, the patient stopped taking his medication, resulting in worsening of the LV function. Despite the second introduction of medication, the LV function did not improve. We performed cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and an endomyocardial biopsy, which revealed the significant development of cardiac fibrosis that had not been present at the time of the initial diagnosis.