Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symptoms and Symptom Clusters Identified by Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer Using a Symptom Heuristics App.

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer experience multiple distressing symptoms during treatment. Because the typical approach to symptom assessment does not easily reflect the symptom experience of individuals, alternative approaches to enhancing communication between the patient and provider are needed. We developed an iPad-based application that uses a heuristic approach to explore AYAs' cancer symptom experiences. In this mixed-methods descriptive study, 72 AYAs (13-29 years old) with cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy used the Computerized Symptom Capture Tool (C-SCAT) to create images of the symptoms and symptom clusters they experienced from a list of 30 symptoms. They answered open-ended questions within the C-SCAT about the causes of their symptoms and symptom clusters. The images generated through the C-SCAT and accompanying free-text data were analyzed using descriptive, content, and visual analyses. Most participants (n = 70) reported multiple symptoms (M = 8.14). The most frequently reported symptoms were nausea (65.3%), feeling drowsy (55.6%), lack of appetite (55.6%), and lack of energy (55.6%). Forty-six grouped their symptoms into one or more clusters. The most common symptom cluster was nausea/eating problems/appetite problems. Nausea was most frequently named as the priority symptom in a cluster and as a cause of other symptoms. Although common threads were present in the symptoms experienced by AYAs, the graphic images revealed unique perspectives and a range of complexity of symptom relationships, clusters, and causes. Results highlight the need for a tailored approach to symptom management based on how the AYA with cancer perceives his or her symptom experience.
Insulinlike Growth Factor Action and Production in Adipocytes and Endothelial Cells From Human Adipose Tissue

Primary cultures of microvascular endothelial cells and isolated adipocytes were prepared from human omental adipose tissue to study the potentially overlapping roles of insulin and insulinlike growth factors (IGFs) in human adipose tissue. To determine whether adipocytes contain type I IGF receptors, binding experiments were carried out with 125I-labeled IGF-I. At 16°C, saturation of specific binding to adipocytes was reached after 30 min and was 0.7% per 106 cells. At 37°C, chloroquine produced an increase in cell-associated 125I-IGF-I, suggesting that IGF-I is internalized and degraded in a manner analogous to insulin. In competition experiments, IGF-I competed for binding more effectively than rat IGF-II or insulin. The concentrations of IGF-I, rat IGF-II, and insulin necessary to displace 50% of 125I-IGF-I binding were 2.5,15, and 90 nM, respectively. In addition, a monoclonal antibody (α-IR3) that has been shown to block the type I IGF receptor was used in competition binding experiments. The antibody also inhibited binding of 125I-IGF-I to adipocytes. The biological effects of insulin and IGF-I were examined by studying adipocyte lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Insulin stimulated [14C]glucose incorporation into cellular lipid in a dose-dependent manner, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) of ∼. 3 nM. However, an increase in LPL activity was observed only at a high insulin concentration, with an ECS0 of ∼30 nM. In contrast, IGF-I stimulated a progressive increase in LPL, with an EC50 of 3.2 nM. In addition, α-IR3 blocked the stimulatory effect of IGF-I on adipocyte LPL. To study the possible local production of IGFs in adipose tissue, adipose-derived human microvascular endothelial cells were cultured. The conditioned medium from these cells contained significant quantities of immunoreactive IGF. After passing the conditioned medium through a Deltapak C4100-Å column and eluting with an acetonitrile gradient, IGF was separated from binding protein, and most of the immunoreactive IGF in endothelial cell-conditioned medium consisted of IGF binding protein, with smaller contributions from IGF-II and IGF-I. Thus, in human adipose tissue, IGFs and IGF binding protein are produced by microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, type I IGF receptors are present on adipocytes, and LPL is stimulated through type I receptors.
Understanding the impacts of moisture and thermal ageing on transformer's insulation by dielectric response and molecular weight measurements

Properties of oil and paper in a transformer degrade primarily due to thermal ageing and moisture ingress. Dielectric diagnostic tests, such as Recovery Voltage (RV), and Polarizations and Depolarization Current (PDC) measurement are currently being explored as potential tools for insulation condition assessment. A modern chemical analysis tool for paper molecular weight (MW) measurement, Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) or the more accurately described Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) promises to be useful in assessing ageing condition. However, the issue of separately assessing the impacts of ageing and moisture on oil and paper has been a key issue for many years. In the current research project, a series of experiments have been performed under controlled laboratory conditions with preset moisture content, and at controlled high temperature ageing. Whereas RV and PDC measurement results were found to be more sensitive to the moisture content of the oil and paper insulation, the MW distribution measurement by SEC provided a trend of insulation thermal ageing. This paper first provides a brief description of RVM, PDC and SEC procedures followed by a description of the experimental techniques adopted. Results are then analysed with the view of separately understanding the impacts of thermal ageing and moisture on the condition of oil and paper insulation in a transformer.
Isolation and characterization of chain-terminating nonsense mutations in a porin regulator gene, envZ

We isolated four independent amber mutations in gene envZ, whose product is involved in the regulation of porin protein genes ompF and ompC. The envZ amber strains exhibit an OmpF-/+ OmpC- porin phenotype and express other envelope protein genes at wild-type levels. This phenotype is clearly different from that of the previously isolated class of envZ mutants that exhibit an OmpF- OmpC+ phenotype and a pleiotropic decrease in the expression of several exported protein genes, including lamB and phoA. The addition of the local anesthetic procaine to wild-type strains also causes a pleiotropic decrease in the expression of genes ompF, lamB, and phoA. However, procaine has no effect on the synthesis of LamB or PhoA protein in the envZ amber strains. Thus, although EnvZ protein is required for the full expression of ompF and ompC, it apparently is not normally involved in the expression of other envelope protein genes. One interpretation of these results is that the EnvZ protein can be altered either by mutation or by procaine to a form that interferes with the expression of several envelope protein genes other than ompF and ompC. Finally, complementation analysis with ompR insertion mutations supports the physical data of Mizuno et al. (J. Biol. Chem 257:13692-13698, 1982) that suggest that envZ is cotranscribed with ompR from a single promoter in the order ompR envZ.
Covering music file-sharing and the future of innovation

This paper explores the coverage of file–sharing from before the RIAA/Napster trial of 2000, drawing on interviews with journalists from the New York Times, Wired, Salon and the Los Angeles Times and on analysis of their stories and columns of opinion. It argues the file–sharing story saw “establishment” journalists unapologetically move away from long–established norms of journalism — by relying on alternative sources and by frankly including their own points of view, for example. The course of the stories these journalists produced points to the tensions that continue to mount in the new–media news landscape and to the forces that shape stories in the mainstream press. For more than a decade U.S. journalists lingered on the margins of profound questions about the limits of freedom under the rule of the market. Yet, with the emergence of the recording industry into the online music scene, journalists backed off, leaving the questions they raised unanswered and the larger issues behind the questions mostly unaddressed.
The Voice of the Customer: Innovative and Useful Research Directions (Panel)

The Need for a Reexamination The book, Computing the Future: A Broader Agenda for Computer Science and Engineering by the National Research Council [HL92]l starts its Excvutivc Summary as follows: . both the intellectual focus of academic CS&E [computer science and engineering] and the environment in which the field is embedded arc today in the midst of significant change. Further into the Executive Summary, the committee outlines its recommendations and priorities including: . given the pressing economic and social needs of the nation and the changing environment for industry and academia, the commit tee believes that academic CS&E must broaden its self-concept or risk becoming increasingly irrelevant to computing practice. In addition, the Association of Computing Machinery report on ‘The Scope and Directions of Computer Science: Compu tin& Applications, and Computational Science” [A911 advised: A close interaction between computer rcscarchcrs and others is essential so that the questions under investigation remain connected to real concerns. Otherwise computing research can drift into
Unravelling offending in schizophrenia: factors characterising subgroups of offenders.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have led to suggestions that there are at least three sub-types of offenders with schizophrenia, but these have not previously been examined simultaneously in one sample. AIMS The aims of this study were to investigate categorisation of offenders with psychosis as early or late starters or late first offenders, and test the hypotheses that, compared with non-offenders with psychosis, early starters would be characterised by low educational or occupational achievement, negative childhood experiences and early substance use, whereas positive psychotic symptoms would characterise late starters or late first offenders. METHODS A retrospective file study was conducted, yielding 97 early starters, 100 late starters and 26 late first offenders identified from a specialist inpatient forensic mental health assessment service and 129 non-offenders identified from general psychiatric services in the same geographic region, all with schizophreniform psychoses. RESULTS We found little difference between early and later starters in terms of measured antecedents, but substance misuse was up to 20 times less likely among late first offenders. Persecutory and/or grandiose delusions were more strongly associated with each offender group compared with non-offenders, most so with late first offenders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the importance of treating delusions--for safety as well as health. Childhood antecedents may be less important indicators of offender sub-types among people with psychosis than previously thought. When patients present with grandiose or persecutory delusions over the age of 35 years without co-morbid substance misuse disorders, but with a history of childhood neglect and low educational achievement, particular care should be taken to assess risk of violence.
METABOLIC AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES PLAYING TENNIS ON DIFFERENT SURFACES

The purpose of this study was to compare various metabolic and functional responses while playing tennis on clay and hard courts. Twelve 90-minute matches were played (6 on clay courts and 6 on hard courts) by 4 nationally ranked players. During the on-court tests, oxygen uptake (&OV0312;O2) and heart rate (HR) were measured using portable systems. Capillary blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured every 10 minutes. Additionally, distance ran, playing time, resting time, and exercise to rest ratio were monitored by time-motion analysis. The statistical analysis showed that playing time was higher on clay courts than on hard courts (p < 0.05), and resting time on clay courts and hard courts was not statistically different (p > 0.05). The exercise to rest ratio was affected by the interaction between playing time and resting time, showing a longer recovery time per unit of exercise on hard courts than on clay courts (p < 0.05). Distance ran, mean HR, and mean LA were significantly higher on clay courts than on hard courts (p < 0.05). There was less fluctuation of the &OV0312;O2 response on clay courts than on hard courts. Therefore, it is suggested that conditioning programs should be adjusted according to the playing surface to account for the longer playing time, greater exercise to rest ratio, increased HR and LA, and a more steady pattern of &OV0312;O2 seen on clay courts.
Sexual status and psychiatric symptoms.

This paper is concerned with testing the hypothesis that women will report more psychiatric symptoms than will men with an equal number of physical illnesses. Our hypothesis arises from an assessment of the societal definitions of what is "appropriate" or "inappropriate" behavior for someone occupying the status of male or female. In our view, men are expected to be less expressive than women in their emotional behavior. Analysis of data collected from a sample of 278 adults in 1965 and 1966 provides strong support for the hypothesis. On two indices consisting of what are judged to be psychological and psychophysiological symptoms, a greater percentage of women than men have "high" scores. Two other indices, containing physiological and ambiguous items, show a tendency for men to have slightly higher scores. Since the first two indices contain 15 items and the other two only 7, not unexpectedly women are higher than men on the over-all mental health inventory. This pattern is revealed in the analysis of data for both 1965 and 1966, and is also shown in analysis of "turnover" during the one-year period. A further finding is that women are more likely to seek medical care than are men with the same number of physical illnesses and similar psychiatric symptoms.
Bandwidth Differentiation and Throughput Maximization in IEEE 802.11e WLAN

While throughput maximization and service differentiation are two critical issues in wireless local area networks (WLANs), both are separately investigated in most existing work. This paper, from a different angle, addresses how to maximize saturation throughput of a WLAN conditioned that bandwidth differentiation is supported too. A novel model is established for this problem assuming IEEE 802.11e is used. We calculate the optimal values of minimum contention window for stations to maximize the saturation throughput and provide differentiated service as well. The simulation results validate our new model.
AMPA receptors and stargazin-like transmembrane AMPA receptor-regulatory proteins mediate hippocampal kainate neurotoxicity

Naturally occurring glutamate analogs, such as kainate and domoate, which cause excitotoxic shellfish poisoning, induce nondesensitizing responses at neuronal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. In addition to acting on AMPA receptors, kainate and domoate also activate high-affinity kainate-type glutamate receptors. The receptor type that mediates their neurotoxicity remains uncertain. Here, we show that the transmembrane AMPA receptor-associated protein (TARP) γ-2 (or stargazin) and the related TARP γ-8 augment responses to kainate and domoate by making these neurotoxins more potent and more efficacious AMPA receptor agonists. Genetic deletion of hippocampal enriched γ-8 selectively abolishes sustained depolarizations in hippocampus mediated by kainate activation of AMPA receptors. γ-8 knockout mice display typical kainate-induced seizures; however, the associated neuronal cell death in the hippocampus is attenuated in mice lacking γ-8. This work decisively demonstrates that TARP-associated AMPA receptors mediate kainate neurotoxicity and identifies TARPs as targets for modulating neurotoxic properties of AMPA receptors.
Enhancement of protein expression by alphavirus replicons by designing self-replicating subgenomic RNAs

Significance One of the goals of modern molecular medicine is delivery and expression of heterologous genes in living organisms. RNA-based delivery vectors are a safer choice than DNA vectors, but they are prone to degradation and are highly dependent on efficient delivery methods. One of the ways to improve RNA vector performance is to increase the level of expression of the encoded proteins. We followed this approach and modified standard alphavirus replicon-based expression systems to make the transcribed subgenomic RNA additionally amplifiable by viral replication enzymes. Higher levels of subgenomic RNA synthesis increased the replicons’ expression efficiency at least 10-fold. Such replicons can be widely applied for development of efficient DNA and RNA vaccines and protein production in vitro. Since the development of infectious cDNA clones of viral RNA genomes and the means of delivery of the in vitro-synthesized RNA into cells, alphaviruses have become an attractive system for expression of heterologous genetic information. Alphaviruses replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm, and their genetic material cannot recombine with cellular DNA. Alphavirus genome-based, self-replicating RNAs (replicons) are widely used vectors for expression of heterologous proteins. Their current design relies on replacement of structural genes, encoded by subgenomic RNAs (SG RNA), with heterologous sequences of interest. The SG RNA is transcribed from a promoter located in the alphavirus-specific RNA replication intermediate and is not further amplified. In this study, we have applied the accumulated knowledge of the mechanism of alphavirus replication and promoter structures, in particular, to increase the expression level of heterologous proteins from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV)-based replicons. During VEEV infection, replication enzymes are produced in excess to RNA replication intermediates, and a large fraction of them are not involved in RNA synthesis. The newly designed constructs encode SG RNAs, which are not only transcribed from the SG promoter, but are additionally amplified by the previously underused VEEV replication enzymes. These replicons produce SG RNAs and encoded proteins of interest 10- to 50-fold more efficiently than those using a traditional design. A modified replicon encoding West Nile virus (WNV) premembrane and envelope proteins efficiently produced subviral particles and, after a single immunization, elicited high titers of neutralizing antibodies, which protected mice from lethal challenge with WNV.
Prevalência de alveolite após a exodontia de terceiros molares impactados

Dry socket prevalence after surgical removal of impacted third molars One of the complications that can occur after the third molar surgical removal is the dry socket. It is a condition that installs for delay of the wound healing, due to the disintegration of blood clot in the alveolus after tooth extraction. The patient presents halitosis, persistent pain that is not relieved by analgesics and, usually, no infection signals and symptoms like fever, edema and erythema are present. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dry sockets in postoperative patients submitted to surgical removal of impacted third molars. One hundred and thirty one patients undergoing to third molar extraction, with the use of high rotation osteotomy or odontosection according to the surgical protocol of the discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of School of Dentistry of São Paulo State University (UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil). Dry socket diagnosis was performed by the clinical observation of the operated area for ten days postoperatively. There were observed 197 postoperative third molar extraction and two cases of dry socket were detected, both in mandibular third molars. The results show a prevalence of 1.015% of the total of surgeries, and 1.290% of dry socket in surgical removal of mandibular third molars. The results allow us to conclude that the prevalence of dry socket after extraction of impacted third molars with the use of high rotation was low, and that does not contribute to the occurrence of postoperative alveolitis.
Arresting Strategy Based on Dynamic Criminal Networks Changing over Time

We investigate a sequence of dynamic criminal networks on a time series based on the dynamic network analysis (DNA). According to the change of networks’ structure, networks’ variation trend is analyzed to forecast its future structure. Finally, an optimal arresting time and priority list are designed based on our analysis. Better results can be expected than that based on social network analysis (SNA).
Self‐Tolerance Maintained by Active Suppressor Mechanisms

1.2. The Coming of Cooperation. This agreeably simple view was shattered by the simultaneous discovery of synergistic inductive effects between thymus and bone-marrow cells (Claman et al. 1966, Mitchell & Miller 1968), and between carrierand hapten-reactive lymphocytes (Mitchison 1971). A theoretical background was provided by the elegant hypothesis of Bretscher & Cohn (1970): contact with antigen alone kills a specifically reactive cell (one signal), while contact with antigen attached to another cell, or to its antibody product, induces the cell (two signals).
Tip-enhanced Raman scattering of p-thiocresol molecules on individual gold nanoparticles

We present a study of tip-enhanced Raman scattering on Au aerosol nanoparticles deposited on gold films. Under the tunneling current state, the Au tip and the Au aerosol nanoparticle form a narrow cavity, where large electromagnetic field enhancements are created to enhance Raman scattering enormously. Colorless p-thiocresol molecules are used as probe molecules. The estimated Raman enhancement is about nine orders of magnitude for the tip/particle configuration.
Activation of beta-adrenoceptors does not cause any change in cytosolic Ca2+ distribution in rat parotid acinar cells.

The effects of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol on the distribution of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations were studied with digital imaging microscopy in fura-2-loaded rat parotid acinar cells. At concentrations < 10 microM, isoproterenol did not cause any measurable change in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Monitoring of [Ca2+]i in selected areas of the acinar cells failed to show that stimulation with isoproterenol causes a localized rise in [Ca2+]i at the apical region close to the lumen. As the maximum response of amylase exocytosis is observed at 0.1 or 1 microM isoproterenol [Tanimura, A. , Matsumoto, Y. , Tojyo, Y. , 1990. Evidence that isoproterenol-induced Ca2+-mobilization in rat parotid acinar cells is not mediated by activation of beta-adrenoceptors. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1055, pp. 273-277], the data obtained here indicate that the isoproterenol-induced amylase exocytosis is not accompanied by Ca2+ mobilization. The high concentration (100 microM) of isoproterenol caused a small but significant increase in [Ca2+]i, particularly in the apical region. This response was completely attenuated by the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine, but not by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, indicating that the isoproterenol-induced increase in [Ca2+]i resulted from an activation of alpha-adrenoceptors. Further, the effect of cyclic AMP on Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores was studied in saponin-permeabilized acinar cells using the lipophilic Ca2+ indicator Calcium Green C18. Cyclic AMP had no effect on the Ca2+ release, while the same acinar cells responded strongly to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. This result does not support the hypothesis that cyclic AMP directly stimulates Ca2+ mobilization in rat parotid acinar cells.