Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When at first you don't succeed: sequential strategies for antidepressant nonresponders.

Now, more than ever before, a wealth of options exists for depressed patients who do not benefit from treatment with standard, first-line antidepressant agents. In this paper, alternate antidepressant strategies are reviewed within the context of a five-stage strategy, ranging from lesser to greater degrees of treatment resistance. The overall strategy recommended progresses from simpler (i.e., an alternate monotherapy) to more complex strategies (i.e., combination or augmentation regimens), with the nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitors (+/- lithium salts) and electroconvulsive therapy typically reserved for treatment of Stages III and IV of resistance, respectively. Psychotherapeutic management also is an important ingredient in the ongoing treatment of these patients, particularly to counteract the demoralization and frustration that understandably accompany the failure to respond to so many treatments.
High-definition vs. standard-definition colonoscopy in the characterization of small colonic polyps: results from a randomized trial

Background and study aims: The resolution of endoscopes has increased in recent years. Modern Fujinon colonoscopes have a charge-coupled device (CCD) pixel density of 650000 pixels compared with the 410000 pixel CCD in standard-definition scopes. Acquiring high-definition scopes represents a significant capital investment and their clinical value remains uncertain. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of high-definition endoscopes on the in vivo histology prediction of colonic polyps. Patients and methods: Colonoscopy procedures were performed using Fujinon colonoscopes and EPX-4400 processor. Procedures were randomized to be performed using either a standard-definition EC-530 colonoscope or high-definition EC-530 and EC-590 colonoscopes. Polyps of < 10 mm were assessed using both white light imaging (WLI) and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE), and the predicted diagnosis was recorded. Polyps were removed and sent for histological analysis by a pathologist who was blinded to the endoscopic diagnosis. The predicted diagnosis was compared with the histology to calculate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of in vivo assessment using either standard- or high-definition scopes. Results: A total of 293 polyps of < 10 mm were examined – 150 polyps using the standard-definition colonoscope and 143 polyps using high-definition colonoscopes. There was no difference in sensitivity, specificity or accuracy between the two scopes when WLI was used (standard vs. high: accuracy 70 % [95 %CI 62 – 77] vs. 73 % [95 %CI 65 – 80]; P = 0.61). When FICE was used, high-definition colonoscopes showed a sensitivity of 93 % compared with 83 % for standard-definition colonoscopes (P = 0.048); specificity was 81 % and 82 %, respectively. Conclusions: There was no difference between high- and standard-definition colonoscopes when white light was used, but FICE significantly improved the in vivo diagnosis of small polyps when high-definition scopes were used compared with standard definition.
Phase-field model for isothermal phase transitions in binary alloys.

In this paper we present a phase-field model to describe isothermal phase transitions between ideal binary-alloy liquid and solid phases. Governing equations are developed for the temporal and spatial variation of the phase field, which identifies the local state or phase, and for the composition. An asymptotic analysis as the gradient energy coefficient of the phase field becomes small shows that our model recovers classical sharp-interface models of alloy solidification when the interfacial layers are thin, and we relate the parameters appearing in the phase-field model to material and growth parameters in real systems. We identify three stages of temporal evolution for the governing equations: the first corresponds to interfacial genesis, which occurs very rapidly; the second to interfacial motion controlled by diffusion and the local energy difference across the interface; the last takes place on a long time scale in which curvature effects are important, and corresponds to Ostwald ripening. We also present results of numerical calculations.
Improved modeling of OOV words in spontaneous speech

This paper presents an analysis of the out-of-vocabulary (OOV) word problem and results of experiments in language modeling of OOV words. In particular, we introduce the method of iterative substitution for correcting distortions caused by OOV words in the language model. We evaluate the results on two well known spontaneous speech tasks: Verbmobil and ATIS. We show that perplexity as well as error rate reductions can be achieved using iterative substitution. Further, we present preliminary results in combining newspaper texts with the Verbmobil (spontaneous speech) corpus. We could reduce the perplexity of the Verbmobil test set by augmenting the training corpus with newspaper texts. Preliminary recognition results show only slight improvements in the word accuracy and detection of OOV words.
Knowledge-based automatic performance evaluation for medical training debriefing

Manikin-based medical simulation has been shown to benefit the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the learner, and to impart favourable patient effects. A vital component of any training simulation is the after-session discussion with trainees to debrief their performance. In this study we develop a rule-based debriefing tool for improving the efficacy of medical training sessions. Unlike most existing de-briefing tools, the tool presented here has been designed to reduce medical trainer assessment time and to improve evaluation accuracy through a largely automated evaluation of trainee performance. The developed tool is acknowledged by the School of Medicine of Deakin University as an important advancement in assisting medical trainers carry out the debriefing process effectively and efficiently.
Pro- and Antisaccades: Dissociating Stimulus and Response Influences the Online Control of Saccade Trajectories

ABSTRACT The authors examined whether the diminished online control of antisaccades is related to a trade-off between movement planning and control or the remapping of target properties to a mirror-symmetrical location (i.e., vector inversion). Pro- and antisaccades were examined in a standard no-delay schedule wherein target onset served as the movement imperative and a delay cuing schedule wherein responses were initiated 2,000 ms following target onset. Importantly, the delay cuing schedule was employed to equate pro- and antisaccade reaction times. Online control was evaluated by indexing the strength of trajectory amendments at normalized increments of movement time. Antisaccades exhibited fewer online corrections than prosaccades, and this result was consistent across cuing schedules. Thus, the diminished online control of antisaccades cannot be tied to a trade-off between movement planning and control. Rather, the authors propose that the intentional nature of dissociating stimulus and response (i.e., vector inversion) engenders a slow mode of cognitive control that is not optimized for fast oculomotor corrections.
Mesoscale perturbations control inter‐ocean exchange south of Africa

The quantification of inter‐ocean leakage from the South Indian to the South Atlantic Ocean is an important measure for the role of the Agulhas system in the global thermohaline circulation. To explore the specific role of mesoscale variability (such as Agulhas rings and Mozambique eddies) in this process a high‐resolution model (based on NEMO‐ORCA) for the Agulhas region has been set up. It is nested into a global coarse‐resolution model. The high‐resolution nest captures all salient features of the greater Agulhas region, including the upstream perturbations of the Agulhas Current and Natal Pulses along the African coast. A comparison of the inter‐ocean exchange in the high‐resolution nest with its coarse resolution counterpart reveals that the latter significantly over‐estimates the amount of water flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, demonstrating the need to explicitly simulate the mesoscale features. A sensitivity experiment that excludes the upstream perturbations revealed no difference in the amount of inter‐ocean exchange. However, the realistic representation of Agulhas rings and their drift path into the South Atlantic depends on the simulation of those upstream perturbations.
Method and RIKDEDIN software package for interpretation of remote sensing data

The creation of the computer program package RIKDEDIN with the realization of all five preceding items will permit to develop and construct a specialized multi-processor on-board computer, which will automatically decode remote observation data, i.e. recognize objects of environment by remote (satellite, aircraft and ground-based) sensing in real time [1, 2].
SPLINTERS SÃO CRUZAMENTOS DE CRUZAMENTOS? REPENSANDO O ESTATUTO DESSE CONSTITUINTE EM PORTUGUÊS

Constitui objetivo deste artigo checar, para o portugues, a validade da proposta de Tomaszewicz (2008), para quem splinters nao constituem unidades de analise morfologica, sendo, na verdade, cruzamentos de cruzamentos. Para tanto, tomamos por base as analises otimalistas de Goncalves (2005) e Andrade (2008), sobre cruzamento vocabular, observando em que medida formacoes mais recentes, com o que vimos chamando de splinters (GONCALVES, 2011; GONCALVES, 2013; ANDRADE, 2014), conseguem ser bem sucedidas frente ao ranking de restricoes proposto. Desse modo, procuramos conferir, com dados do portugues do Brasil, se a ideia de que splinters sao cruzamentos de cruzamentos de fato se sustenta em nossa lingua.
Laying Performance of Wareng Chicken under Free Choice Feeding and Different Cage Density

The aim of the experiment was to explore the possibility of using free choice feeding technique under different cage density for unselected native chicken. Eighty hens of laying Wareng chicken were divided into two feeding systems. Half of them were fed complete commercial diet of 17% crude protein, with 2800 kcal ME/kg and the other half were subjected to free choice diet. The diets were in mash form and placed in sufficient feed troughs in front of each cage. Each cage was occupied by four or six hens. Free choice feeding hens were served with commercial concentrate (30% crude protein), ground corn and oyster shell, placed separately in feed troughs. Observation was carried out during 24 weeks laying period, starting from 20 to 44 weeks of age. The results showed that egg production (9.35% hen day), and the intake of feed (42.74 g/day), protein (7.01 g/day), energy (116.6 kcal ME/day), calcium (1.99 g/day and phosphorus (0.22 g/day) were not affected (P>0.05) by feeding system nor by cage density. The results however indicated that free choice feeding technique provided sufficient nutrients in supporting maximum egg production of unselected native chicken.
Frequency of food items among households in a low socioeconomic area of Karachi.

OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency of certain food items among families in a low socioeconomic area of Karachi and their association with socioeconomic variables. METHOD A cross sectional survey of houses selected through random sampling using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 294 houses were surveyed, 23% households consumed meat almost daily, 55% consumed vegetables almost daily. CONCLUSION The survey showed that the consumption of food items in our study population is less as compared to what is recommended.
Activity-based Process Mining for Clinical Pathways Computer aided design

Current trends in health management improvement demand the standardization of care protocols to achieve better quality and efficiency. The use of Clinical Pathways is an emerging solution for that problem. However, current Clinical Pathways are big manuals written in natural language and highly affected by human subjectivity. These problems make the deployment and dissemination of them extremely difficult in real practice environments. In this work, a complete computer based architecture to help the representation and execution of Clinical Pathways is suggested. Furthermore, the difficulties inherent to the design of formal Clinical Pathways in this way requires new specific design tools to help making the system useful. Process Mining techniques can help to automatically infer processes definition from execution samples. Yet, the classical Process Mining paradigm is not totally compatible with the Clinical Pathways paradigm. In this paper, a pattern recognition algorithm based in an evolution of the Process Mining classical paradigm is presented and evaluated as a solution to this situation. The proposed algorithm is able to infer Clinical Pathways from execution logs to support the design of Clinical Pathways.
Stokes Drag on a Sphere in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

The Stokes-Einstein relation relates the diffusion coefficient of a spherical Brownian particle in a viscous fluid to its friction coefficient. For a particle suspended in anisotropic liquid, theory predicts that the drag coefficient should also be anisotropic. Using video microscopy coupled with particle tracking routines, the Brownian fluctuations of micrometer-sized particles were analyzed to yield a quantitative measurement of the diffusion coefficients parallel and perpendicular to the nematic director. The experimental values agree quite well with recent numerical calculations that take into account the distortions of the director field in the vicinity of the particles.
The G.L. Brown Prize Lecture. The cellular machinery of the cochlea

CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 113 Background 114 Basic structure of the cochlea 115 Mechanotransduction by hair cells 117 Ionic currents of the basolateral membrane 117 The action of acetylcholine 119 The action of extracellular adenosine triphosphate 121 The fast cell motor in outer hair cells 123 The mechanism of rapid length change in outer hair cells 124 Gating charge movements 124 The ultrastructure of outer hair cells 126 The mechanics of the cochlear partition 128 Conclusions 129 References 132
Etude des effets cytotoxique et antitubuline des imidazoquinoxalines : Etude du mécanisme d’action par une analyse transcriptomique

Les imidazoquinoxalines (imiqualines), molecules bioactives originales analogues chimiques de l’imiquimod et presentant un important potentiel anticancereux, ont ete explorees afin d’elucider leurs mecanismes d'action. Les molecules EAPB0203 et EAPB0503, identifiees lors d’etudes anterieures comme etant les « tetes de series », ont montre un effet cytotoxique puissant in vitro sur des lignees cellulaires cancereuses humaines de melanome et de lymphomes T. Nous avons etudie l’effet cytotoxique de 13 imiqualines nouvellement synthetisees sur une lignee cellulaire de melanome humain (A375). Tous les composes ont montre un effet cytotoxique important. L’effet cytotoxique a ete demontre sur d’autres lignees cellulaires cancereuses humaines (colon, sein et lymphome T de l’adulte). Un blocage du cycle cellulaire en phase G2/M a ete mis en evidence par cytometrie en flux sur des cellules A375 traitees par EAPB0203 et EAPB0503. Cet arret du cycle cellulaire semble etre en relation avec un effet inhibiteur de la polymerisation de la tubuline. En effet, nos resultats ont montre que l’EAPB0503 et 3 autres imiqualines inhibent la polymerisation de la tubuline. L’etude de modelisation moleculaire de la liaison a de la tubuline a montre que ces composes se fixent sur le site de la colchicine.Une analyse transcriptomique sur EAPB0503 a ete effectuee pour elucider le mecanisme d'action des imiqualines. Cette etude a ete faite sur la lignee A375 en comparaison avec 13 anticancereux de reference. L’etude transcriptomique a montre que EAPB0503 a une composante antitubuline tout en revelant un mecanisme d’action original. Deux hypotheses mecanistiques pour EAPB0503 ont ainsi ete identifiees : 1/ alteration de la voie de signalisation liee aux integrines, 2/ alteration de la voie de signalisation du recepteur TNFR et de FasL.Des analyses fonctionnelles in vitro nous ont permis d’explorer ces hypotheses. Ainsi, une alteration uniquement des voies de signalisation PI3K/AKT et RAS/MAPK, toutes deux liees aux integrines, a ete observee. La premiere hypothese semble donc validee. De plus, ce resultat a ete confirme par l’etude de l’expression et de la phosphorylation de ERK.Finalement, nous avons developpe une formulation injectable par voie intraveineuse de EAPB0503 a base de nanocapsules. Cette formulation a d’abord ete testee in vitro et in vivo sur un modele de lymphome. Ces etudes ont pu mettre en evidence l’absence de toxicite des nanoparticules vides et le maintien de l’activite cytotoxique de EAPB0503 encapsule in vitro, avec un effet immunomodulateur in vivo qui demande a etre explore.
Adoption of Information Communication Technology in cashew sector: A case in Puttalam District of Sri Lanka

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have a remarkable potential to improve the agricultural practices and innovation systems and to achieve significant benefits. To achieve the complete benefits of ICT, it is better to understand the constraints in ICT adoption for agricultural development, identify feasible options for reducing the constraints and contribute to develop effective policies at increasing the use of ICT. This study investigated the adoption of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in cashew sector which represents estates owned and managed both by small holders and plantation companies. A questionnaire based survey was conducted to collect data from 50 Small Holder cashew estates and 26 Plantation Company owned cashew estates in Puttalam District of Sri Lanka. To quantify the adoption of ICT, three indices were developed viz. “Primary ICT Adoption Index”, “Secondary ICT Adoption Index” and “Tertiary ICT Adoption Index”. Further, t test was carried out to find out the relationship between the ICT adoption index of Small Holder cashew estates and Plantation Company owned cashew estates. Eight statements were used to calculate the attitudinal percentage of ICT of managers and owners. The results show that these estates were not innovative ICT by adopting Tertiary or Secondary type of technologies; however they were mostly confined to the basic facilities. The results from the three indices highlighted that the plantation company owned estates have higher ICT adoption than small holders. According to the analysis, no significant relationship was observed between ICT adoption and working experience and age of the managers, number of employees in the estate and cashew production. However, a positive relationship was observed between education level and the ICT adoption in the cashew sector in Puttalam district.
Knockout Mice for Pharmacological Screening: Testing the Specificity of Na+-Ca2+ Exchange Inhibitors

The role of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger as a major determinant of cell Ca2+ is well defined in cardiac tissue, and there has been much effort to develop specific inhibitors of the exchanger. We use a novel system to test the specificity of two putative specific inhibitors, KB-R7943 and SEA0400. The drugs are applied to electrically stimulated heart tubes from control mouse embryos or embryos with the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger knocked out. We monitored effects of the drugs on Ca2+ transients. Both drugs depress the Ca2+ transients at low concentrations even in the absence of any Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. KB-R7943 and SEA0400 are not completely specific and should be used with caution as Na+-Ca2+ exchange inhibitors.
Design of a near-field focused reflectarray antenna for RFID reader applications

An implementation of planar reflectarray antenna is presented in this paper to produce radiating fields that are focused in the near-zone of the array aperture. This work is motivated by the increasing interest in the applications of RFID [1,2,4], vital life-detection systems [3] and noncontact microwave detection system[3], where the objects under detection may locate in the near zone of the antenna. In this case, a focused field radiation in the target area helps to reduce the interferences resulted from the scattering due to the presence of neighborhood structures, and save the system power. In the past, most works employed phased array antennas [3,4] to produce near-field focused beams, which suffer from complicated beam-forming networks and higher power loss dissipated inside the circuits. The reflectarray antenna tends to improve these shortcomings because the sophisticated beam-forming RF circuits can be omitted. As a demonstration example, a prototype at 2.4GHz is realized for RFID reader applications, which is characterized via numerical and experimental measurements.
Rôle de l'oxygène dans les phénomènes de narcose à l'azote

Le plongeur subit de nombreuses contraintes issues du milieu dans lequel il evolue. La narcose a l’azote par ses effets sur la performance cognitive en fait partie. Elle est impliquee dans de nombreux accidents de plongee sous-marine. Il est donc necessaire de developper un outil fiable pour evaluer la performance cognitive sous l’eau de maniere quantitative, reproductible et independante de la subjectivite du plongeur. Ensuite, apres validation de cet outil (frequence critique de fusion du scintillement - CFFF) preciser le role des facteurs modulateurs de la narcose en particulier celui de l’oxygene. Nos investigations sont realisees chez des volontaires sains selectionnes specifiquement pour obtenir une population homogene (genre, âge, BMI, condition physique et experience en plongee). L’analyse de la performance cerebrale est realisee au moyen de tests psychometriques, d’echelles visuelles analogique et de la CFFF dans differentes conditions (normobarie, plongees simulees et reelles a 30 metres de profondeur pendant 20 minutes) et avec differents gaz (air et Nitrox 40%). L’effet propre de l’oxygene est apprehende par l’utilisation de la spectroscopie proche de l’infrarouge (NIRS). Nos mesures confirment d’une part la degradation progressive de la performance cognitive tant par les tests psychometriques que par la CFFF avec un bon degre de correlation (Pearson de 0,86 a 0,93) entre eux et d’autre part l’incapacite du plongeur a s’auto- evaluer. L’evolution de la performance cognitive est caracterisee par une amelioration lors de l’arrivee en profondeur d’autant plus marquee que la quantite d’oxygene dans le melange respire est importante, suivie par une degradation qui persiste au moins jusqu’a 30 minutes apres le retour en surface, surtout en respiration d’air. L’utilisation de l’imagerie fonctionnelle cerebrale (NIRS) permet d’associer l’amelioration des performances cognitives a une activation cerebrale dependante de l’oxygene. L’oxygene semble donc etre un element important de la modulation des symptomes de la narcose a l’azote. De maniere tres coherente avec la theorie neurochimique de la narcose nous suggerons que l’effet net sur la performance cerebrale depend d’une balance entre les effets activateurs de l’oxygene et les effets inhibiteurs de l’azote.
Control of neural chaos by synaptic noise

We study neural automata – or neurobiologically inspired cellular automata – which exhibits chaotic itinerancy among the different tored patterns or memories. This is a consequence of activity-dependent synaptic fluctuations, which continuously destabilize the ttractor and induce irregular hopping to other possible attractors. The nature of these irregularities depends on the dynamic details, amely, on the intensity of the synaptic noise and the number of sites of the network, which are synchronously updated at each ime step. Varying these factors, different regimes occur, ranging from regular to chaotic dynamics. As a result, and in absence of xternal agents, the chaotic behavior may turn regular after tuning the noise intensity. It is argued that a similar mechanism might e on the basis of self-controlling chaos in natural systems. 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.