Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food risk in consumers' eye and their consumption responses: evidence from Hanoi survey

PurposeThis paper analyses Hanoi consumers' evaluation of food risk and response to the perceived risk.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed the mixed method approach that integrates segmentation analysis on the survey data and information from group discussions.FindingsBased on consumers' risk rating of six food groups and level of food safety worry, the authors identified four distinct consumer segments: low, moderate, high and very-high-risk perception. The authors found the existence of widespread food safety concerns among Hanoi consumers. Living in an urban region was associated with a higher level of food risk perception. Moderate, high and very-high-risk perception segments exhibited a very low level of institutional trust and subjective control over hazards. Response to the perceived risk differed across segments. “Very high-risk perception” was associated with the most risk-averse behaviour, putting more effort into seeking food safety information and engaging more in supermarket purchase. Consumers with a low and moderate perceived food risk participate more in self-supply of food to reduce their food safety concern.Practical implicationsThe paper provides empirical evidence on consumers' evaluation of food risk and their risk-reducing strategies to support the risk communication in Vietnam.Social implicationsEnhancing institutional trust and risk communication including hazard education can improve consumer confidence in food.Originality/valueThis is the first segmentation study on consumer food risk perception in Vietnam.
Antioxidants: Environmental Stress Mitigating Metabolites

Environmental stresses due to cold, heat, salinity and drought adversely affect plant growth and productivity that trigger a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes in plants and eventually interrupt normal plant life cycle [1,2]. Most of the arable lands of the world that are exposed to abiotic stress conditions have an adverse impact on global vegetable production. These abiotic stress conditions decrease crop productivity upto 50-70% [3]. Plants have evolved several metabolic cascades for their survival under stress [4].
PENGARUH KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DIMEDIASI LEARNING ORGANIZATION DI BPJS KETENAGAKERJAAN PUSAT JAKARTA

The Influence of Knowledge Management on Employee Performance in Mediation Learning Organizations at the Jakarta Central Employment BPJS.Human resources are very important in improving a company or organization. Where the resources in question are all employees in the company from the lowest level to the highest level incorporated in the work. Each employee can make a good or bad contribution to the company because the company's achievements or disasters depend on the performance of its employees. Therefore, management must always be developed to realize the importance of improving employee performance through Knowledge Management in Mediation. Learning organizations play an important role in improving the performance of their employees so that they are seen as affecting the company or organization. This paper aims to study the effect, Knowlegde Management on employee performance mediated by learning organizations to provide advice on how companies can improve the performance of their employees through effective programs where Knowledge Management has four variables. For independent variables: Tacit Knowledge (X1), Explicit knowledge (X2), Support leadership (X3), and Technology (X4). The dependent variable or Mediation is Learning Organization (Y1) and Performance (Y2). The research approach used for this study is in accordance with quantitative research, namely interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The model was analyzed using smartPLS 2.0 statistical software. This survey-based data was collected from 100 respondents. This study found that Tacit knowledge, Explicit Knowledge, Support Leadership and Technology had a positive and significant effect on employee performance mediated by Learning organizations.
Phage-Assisted Continuous Evolution (PACE): A Guide Focused on Evolving Protein–DNA Interactions

The uptake of directed evolution methods is increasing, as these powerful systems can be utilized to develop new biomolecules with altered/novel activities, for example, proteins with new catalytic functions or substrate specificities and nucleic acids that recognize an intended target. Especially useful are systems that incorporate continuous evolution, where the protein under selective pressure undergoes continuous mutagenesis with little-to-no input from the researcher once the system is started. However, continuous evolution methods can be challenging to implement and a daunting investment of time and resources. Our intent is to provide basic information and helpful suggestions that we have gained from our experience with bacterial phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE) toward the evolution of proteins that bind to a specific DNA target. We discuss factors to consider before adopting PACE for a given evolution scheme with focus on the PACE bacterial one-hybrid selection system and what optimization of a PACE selection circuit may look like using the evolution of the DNA-binding protein ME47 as a case study. We outline different types of selection circuits and techniques that may be added onto a basic PACE setup. With this information, researchers will be better equipped to determine whether PACE is a valid strategy to adopt for their research program and how to set up a valid selection circuit.
Multimodal Navigation Systems for Users with Visual Impairments - A Review and Analysis

Multimodal interaction refers to situations where users are provided with multiple modes for interacting with systems. Researchers are working on multimodality solutions in several domains. The focus of this paper is within the domain of navigation systems for supporting users with visual impairments. Although several literature reviews have covered this domain, none have gone through the research synthesis of multimodal navigation systems. This paper provides a review and analysis of multimodal navigation solutions aimed at people with visual impairments. This review also puts forward recommendations for effective multimodal navigation systems. Moreover, this review also presents the challenges faced during the design, implementation and use of multimodal navigation systems. We call for more research to better understand the users’ evolving modality preferences during navigation.
Congenital tetra-peromelia in a graded Murrah buffalo calf

Peromelia is a rare congenital malformation with variable degrees of limb reduction defects involving the loss of distal structures. Reports of peromelia in buffalo calves are meagre and tetra- peromelia are the rarest. The present case is a report of female graded murrah calf that has all four limbs incompletely formed. Both the fore limbs were formed up to shoulder region only. The scapulae were well formed except glenoid cavity and rest of the limb was absent. Humerus was represented as a small tubercle attached to glenoid. Both the hind limbs were formed up to distal one third of femur and rest of the limb was completely absent. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of tetra- peromelia in a graded murrah buffalo from India.
Audio–Visual Speech Recognition Based on Dual Cross-Modality Attentions with the Transformer Model

Since attention mechanism was introduced in neural machine translation, attention has been combined with the long short-term memory (LSTM) or replaced the LSTM in a transformer model to overcome the sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) problems with the LSTM. In contrast to the neural machine translation, audio–visual speech recognition (AVSR) may provide improved performance by learning the correlation between audio and visual modalities. As a result that the audio has richer information than the video related to lips, AVSR is hard to train attentions with balanced modalities. In order to increase the role of visual modality to a level of audio modality by fully exploiting input information in learning attentions, we propose a dual cross-modality (DCM) attention scheme that utilizes both an audio context vector using video query and a video context vector using audio query. Furthermore, we introduce a connectionist-temporal-classification (CTC) loss in combination with our attention-based model to force monotonic alignments required in AVSR. Recognition experiments on LRS2-BBC and LRS3-TED datasets showed that the proposed model with the DCM attention scheme and the hybrid CTC/attention architecture achieved at least a relative improvement of 7.3% on average in the word error rate (WER) compared to competing methods based on the transformer model.
Board governance quality and risk disclosure compliance among financial institutions in Uganda

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the impact of board governance quality (BGQ) and its mechanisms, namely board activity, board independence, board communication and board expertise, on the level of risk disclosure compliance (RDC) among financial institutions (FIs) in Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a cross-sectional design where data are collected through a questionnaire survey and audited financial statements of 83 FIs. The authors employ partial least square structural equation modeling (SmartPLS32.7) to test hypotheses.FindingsThe authors find that the level of RDC in Ugandan FIs is low. Further, the study finds the positive relation between BGQ and RDC. Moreover, the authors find that RDC is positively and significantly related with board activity, board independence, board communication and board expertise. Furthermore, the authors find that the level of RDC is positively and significantly related to ownership type, firm size and board size, respectively. Nevertheless, industry type, number of branches and firm age are insignificantly related to RDC.Practical implicationsThe study provides relevant insights into regulators and policy makers with early symptoms of potential problems regarding weak board governance in FIs. Policy makers may also use these findings as a guideline tool for improving existing board governance frameworks in place and development of new disclosure policies. In addition, the study provides an input into the review and amendments of existing corporate governance codes for the regulators.Originality/valueThis study offers the empirical evidence on the nexus between BGQ and RDC of FIs in Uganda. Moreover, the study also offers evidence on how BGQ mechanisms impact RDC. The study also further adds theoretical foundations to the RDC literature.
Analysis of Antigen Receptor Repertoires Captured by High Throughput Sequencing (Analyse von mittels Hochdurchsatzsequenzierung erfassten Antigen-Rezeptor Repertoires)

In vertebrate species, the main mechanisms of defence against various types of pathogens are divided into the innate and the adaptive immune system. While the former relies on generic mechanisms, for example to detect the presence of bacterial cells, the latter features mechanisms that allow the individual to acquire defenses against specific, potentially novel features of pathogens and to maintain them throughout life. In a simplified sense, the adaptive immune system continuously generates new defenses against all kinds of structures randomly, carefully selecting them not to be reactive against the hosts own cells. The underlying generative mechanism is a unique somatic recombination process modifying the genes encoding the proteins responsible for the recognition of such foreign structures, the so-called antigen receptors. With the advances of high throughput DNA sequencing, we have gained the ability to capture the repertoire of different antigen receptor genes that an individual has acquired by selectively sequencing the recombined loci from a cell sample. This enables us to examine and explore the development and behaviour of the adaptive immune system in a new way, with a variety of potential medical applications. The main focus of this thesis is on two computational problems related to immune repertoire sequencing. Firstly, we developed a method to properly annotate the raw sequencing data that is generated in such experiments, taking into account various sources of biases and errors that either generally occur in the context of DNA sequencing or are specific for immune repertoire sequencing experiments. We will describe the algorithmic details of this method and then demonstrate its superiority in comparison with previously published methods on various datasets. Secondly, we developed a machine learning based workflow to interpret this data in the sense that we attempted to classify such recombined genes functionally using a previously trained model. We implemented alternative models within this workflow, which we will first describe formally and then assess their performances on real data in the context of a binary functional feature in T cells, namely whether they have differentiated into cytotoxic or helper T cells.
Making Decisions about Dietary Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) deserves an informed shared decision-making process between patient and doctor. IBD spans a spectrum of phenotypes that impact each patient uniquely. While treatment has primarily consisted of medical or surgical therapy, dietary approaches have become increasingly relevant. A majority of patients with IBD use some form of dietary modification, and it is common for patients to do this without their physicians’ knowledge. Lack of medical supervision can lead to nutritional deficiencies and a worsening disease state. Some patients work with their medical team to pursue a well-defined exclusion diet as a primary therapy, such as the specific carbohydrate diet, exclusive enteral nutrition, or the Crohn’s disease exclusion diet. The motivations to use dietary therapy for IBD remain unclear and the effectiveness has not been definitively established for many approaches. It is necessary for medical providers to be knowledgeable and to foster open communication with their patients in order to ensure the highest likelihood of remission. This review provides an overview of dietary treatment options, the current knowledge about patient motivations for pursuing dietary therapy, and the roles of patient empowerment and patient activation. We outline areas of improvement for the decision-making process.
THE NUTRITIONAL AND HEALTH PROPERTIES OF AN OYSTER MUSHROOM (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Fr) P. Kumm.)

An oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm) is a cultivated species of mushrooms characterizing with unique culinary and medicinal properties. Its’ nutritional value comes from proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins and mineral nutrients present in their fruitbodies. Because of a high content of fiber (mainly chitin) and low content of fat, they are a valuable element of an atherosclerosis diet. The fruitbodies of oyster mushrooms are an important source of biologically active substances, specific polysaccharides and polyphenols, which influence a human immune system, so that it fights against cancer cells. ß-D-glucans have an advantageous effect on digestive system, lower blood cholesterol and triglycerides level, decrease the risk of ischaemic heart disease. Active substances present in the mushrooms have antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous scientific studies prove high efficiency of the therapy with the use of preparations and extracts from Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia, both in prophylaxis and cure of civilization diseases, atherosclerosis and cancer.
Management Strategies and The Performance of Youth Agri-Businesses in Kenya: A Case of Farm Africa

Purpose: The general objective of the study is to assess management strategies and performance of youth agribusinesses in Kenya: case of Farm Africa. Three research objectives were used; to find out the effect of differentiation strategy on the performance of youth led agribusiness at Farm Africa, to establish the effect of cost leadership strategy on the performance of youth led agribusiness at Farm Africa, and to assess the effect of focus strategy on the performance of youth led agribusiness at Farm Africa.Methodology: This study adopted a case study research design. The study population was all the 30 youth who participates in agribusinesses. Census method was then used since the population was manageable. This research study used questionnaires as the primary research instruments for data collection. A statistical tool known as Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20) (Park, 2015) were used for the process of data analysis. The data that was collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation analysis method as well as regression analysis.Findings: The study concludes that differentiation costs had positive significant relationship with the performance of agribusinesses at Farm Africa. The study concludes that cost leadership strategy led in the improvement of performance of agribusinesses at Farm Africa. The study concludes that majority of the farmers that were studied adhered to focus strategy because it helped them in improving overall performance of agribusinesses at Farm Africa. The study concludes that finance was a key determining factor in the performance of agribusinesses.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that farmers at Farm Africa need to adhere to product differentiation such that they cannot easily be copied by rivals. The study recommends that farmers should have flexible product costs together with water tight market price strategies that could promote performance. The study recommends that in order to enhance focus strategy, farmers should strive to exploit differences in cost behavior in market segments in order to improve agribusiness performance. The study recommends that policy makers should come up with farmer friendly financial policies that will cushion farmers from high interest rates charged by financial institutions such as MFIs and commercial banks.
Geochemistry pollution status and ecotoxicological risk assessment of heavy metals in the Pahang River sediment after the high magnitude of flood event

The present work is aimed at assessing the aftermath effects of the 2014 flood tragedy on the distribution, pollution status and ecological risks of the heavy metals deposited in the surface river sediment. A series of environmental pollution indexes, specifically the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), modified degree of contamination (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (PERI) and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) have been adopted. Results revealed that the freshly deposited sediments collected soon after the flood event were dominated by Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr and Cd, with the average concentrations of 38.74, 16,892, 17.71, 4.65, 29.22, 42.36 and 0.29 mg/kg, respectively. According to the heavy metal pollution indexes, Pahang River sediments were moderately to severely contaminated with Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cr, while Cd with the highest risk of 91.09 was the predominant element that illustrated an aesthetic ecological risk to the water body after the tragic flood event. The findings highlighted a critical deterioration of the heavy metals content, driven by the catastrophic flood event, which has drastically altered their geochemical cycles, sedimentary pollution status and biochemical balance of the river's environment.
Performance and carcass yield of female broilers fed with diets containing probiotics and symbiotics as an alternative to growth enhancers

An experiment was carried out with female broilers, aiming to evaluate the effect of using probiotics and symbiotics on growth performance and yield of carcasses and of the main commercial cuts and edible viscera. A total of 720 one-day-old Cobb chicks, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and six replicates of 30 birds each at a stocking density of 10 birds per square meter (m 2 ). At 42 days old two broilers of each experimental unit were sacrificed to evaluate the carcass yield and its parts. The carcass yield was not affected by the inclusion of probiotics and symbiotics in the diet being equivalent to the antibiotic group. No significant difference was observed among the treatments, even in the controls that did not receive any additive factor. All the performance parameters were similar for the four treatments, with the exception of weight gain, that was significantly lower in probiotic treatment. It was concluded that these additives are important alternative to replace antibiotics as growth enhancers, which have already been banned in many countries.
Forest Change Detection Using an Optimized Convolution Neural Network

Forest plays a pivotal role in maintaining the ecological balance. It is necessary to detect the changes in forest cover as the forests have a significant role in promoting carbon cycle. Remote sensing domain has shown a promising potential for monitoring forest degradation. However, the problem arising due to missing satellite images in temporal domain and problems due to artefacts such as clouds need to be addressed. To detect the changes in the forest area, an index for mapping forest cover known as Normalized Difference Fraction Index (NDFI) has been used. NDFI is calculated for three satellite images (Landsat7, Landsat8, and Sentinal2) and for the fusion of all these satellite images. Following this, the missing image is predicted by applying regression methods and the best regression method was identified. For change detection problem, optimal values for Convolution Neural Network (CNN) parameters were obtained using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Later, various filters were applied for the optimal CNN and best filter was identified.
Spatial variability of methane (CH4) ebullition in a tropical hypereutrophic reservoir: silted areas as a bubble hot spot

ABSTRACT De Mello NAST, Brighenti LS, Barbosa FAR, Staehr PA, Bezarra Neto JF. 2017. Spatial variability of methane (CH4) ebullition in a tropical hypereutrophic reservoir: silted areas as a bubble hot spot. Lake Reserv Manage. 35:105—114. The concentration of methane (CH4) has doubled in the atmosphere over the last 200 yr, raising the need to understand emissions of this potent greenhouse gas from inland waters. CH4 ebullition is the dominant pathway in shallow aquatic environments and is difficult to quantify due to its episodic nature and heterogeneous spatial distribution. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of CH4 ebullition during 2013 in a shallow hypereutrophic urban reservoir, in Belo Horizonte City, Brazil. The average emission measured during summer was 780 mg CH4/m2/d, ranging from 1 to 3070 (n = 75). During winter, the average emission was 316 mg CH4/m2/d, ranging from 4 to 1253 (n = 75). A strong spatial variation (P < 0.001) was observed across the reservoir in both seasons. Several folds higher (39—58% of the total) emissions were recorded at the mouth of the main tributaries, which therefore was considered to be a hot spot ebullition zone. This was expected due to its shallow area (mean depth 1.30 m) with low hydrostatic pressure and 2 to 6 C (winter and summer, respectively) higher sediment temperatures, which is aggravated by the intense siltation process resulting from insufficient management of the sewage water entering the reservoir. In this article we demonstrate the consequence of siltation as an enhancing factor for CH4 emission from the hot spots ebullition zones.