Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preparation, surface morphology, and optical properties of indium(III) oxide nanoparticles by thermolysis of indium–poly(vinyl alcohol) coordination polymer

First report on the preparation of well-dispersed, indium(III) oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles with 22–35 nm size by polymer thermolysis is presented. Indium–poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) coordination polymer films were prepared by ‘solution casting technique’ from the homogeneous aqueous solution of coordination polymer prepared using PVA and indium(III) nitrate as starting materials; subsequently the films were calcined at 550 °C to yield In2O3 nanoparticles. Both indium–PVA coordination polymer that served as the precursor and the titled nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Room temperature PL spectra of the prepared indium oxide nanoparticles showed intense blue emissions around 360, 410 and 430 nm, characteristic of indium oxide nanoparticles due to oxygen vacancies. The lower energy PL emission decreases with an increase of indium(III) content in the precursor. The size of the nanoparticles calculated from line broadening of XRD pattern (cubic; JCPDS: 06-0416) was found to be around 24 nm. The average particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles increased with metal ion content in the precursor coordination polymer. Graphical Abstract
Nonlinear Fuzzy Linguistics for the Determination of Nitrogen Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide by Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy

The nonlinearity and high dimensionality of spectra data affect the precision and the complexity of molecular absorption spectroscopy models. This article proposes a nonlinear fuzzy linguistic method for spectral quantitative analysis. A nonlinear fuzzy linguistic rule is presented. In the rule antecedent, a set operation was used to express the input variables by the fuzzy linguistic terms. A flexible polynomial equation of the input variables was the rule consequent. The fuzzy linguistic terms, the membership functions, and the nonlinear linguistic rules were initialized automatically by Gaussian kernel fuzzy clustering analysis, and the related parameters of nonlinear fuzzy linguistic rules were tuned by the iterative optimization for minimizing the root-mean square error. The principal components of the absorption measurements were extracted as input variables to reduce the complexity of the model. Experimental measurements employed a spectral dataset of flue gas for quantitative determination of the components that included sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the theoretical approach.
Identifying the degree of genetic interactions using Restricted Boltzmann Machine—A study on colorectal cancer

Abstract The phenomenon of two or more genes affecting the expression of each other in various ways in the development of a single character of an organism is known as gene interaction. Gene interaction not only applies to normal human traits but to the diseased samples as well. Thus, an analysis of gene interaction could help us to differentiate between the normal and the diseased samples or between the two/more phases any diseased samples. At the first stage of this work we have used restricted Boltzmann machine model to find such significant interactions present in normal and/or cancer samples of every gene pairs of 20 genes of colorectal cancer data set (GDS4382) along with the weight/degree of those interactions. Later on, we are looking for those interactions present in adenoma and/or carcinoma samples of the same 20 genes of colorectal cancer data set (GDS1777). The weight/degree of those interactions represents how strong/weak an interaction is. At the end we will create a gene regulatory network with the help of those interactions, where the regulatory genes are identified by using Naïve Bayes Classifier. Experimental results are validated biologically by comparing the interactions with NCBI databases.
Nature and Size of Included Guest Molecule Determines Architecture of Crystalline Cyclodextrin Host Matrix

Owing to its annular shape, the cyclic hexasaccharide α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) can form inclusion complexes in aqueous solution. If these are crystallized, the guest molecules are invariably accommodated in the cavities of the host. Depending on size and molecular or ionic character of the guest, different crystal modifications are formed belonging to the herringbone or brick-type cage structures or to the channel structures. Small molecular guests lead to herringbone cages, small aromatic guests crystallize in brick-type cages whereas ionic and long molecular guests are enclosed in infinite channels. Thus, there is a clear dependence of crystal packing on the physical properties of the guest molecule. Polyiodide cocrystallizes with α-CD in different channel forms with iodine atoms arranged linearly in the channels. The packing of the channels is in tetragonal, hexagonal or sheet-like arrays, depending on counterions which are located in voids between the channels. If a α-CD is replaced by the larger β-CD (channel diameters 5 and 6.2 A resp.), polyiodide now adopts a zigzag structure — a clear case of an influence of host matrix geometry on guest configuration.
Principales medidas impositivas en el Impuesto a la Renta y el Impuesto al Valor Agregado derivadas de la emergencia económica por el covid-19 en el Ecuador

En este artículo se analizan las medidas tributarias sustanciales en el impuesto a la renta e impuesto al valor agregado, sin tener en cuenta temas de procedimiento o cumplimiento tributario, implementadas recientemente en el Ecuador por motivo de la emergencia sanitaria originada por el covid-19.
Multicomponent Y-M-Al-Co(M=Ce, Nd or Pr) Amorphous Alloys Developed by Equiatomic Substitution

Novel multicomponent amorphous alloys have been manufactured by the method of equiatomic substitution for the Y element in Y56Al24Co20 amorphous alloy. Y56-xMxAl24Co20(M=Ce, Pr or Nd; x= 5, 10, 15 and 20at.%) alloys with a diameter of 2 mm have been prepared by suction casting. The glass-forming ability(GFA) was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The supercooled liquid region ∆Tx(=Tx-Tg ) and parameter γ (=Tx/(Tg+Tl)) increase with the increasing of the addition element content. The effects of equiatomic element on ∆Tx of Y56Al24Co20 alloy arise from the increasing of the electronegativity difference Δx, the atomic size parameter δ and the valence electron difference Δn. The results suggest that the GFA of some alloys might be improved by the addition of other equiatomic elements substitution for the alloy constituent elements.
Extending the concept of pro-environmental action and behaviour: a binary perspective

Abstract Many studies have explored pro-environmental actions. This paper aims to extend the concept of pro-environmental action in the context of binary themes or perspectives. The extended conceptualisation is drawn from a study that investigates the influence of residential outdoor environmental education courses on Malaysian participants’ environmental attitudes and behaviours using a life history approach. Data analysis revealed six binary pro-environmental actions: conforming/transforming action, compulsory/optional action, intentional/unintentional action, public/private sphere action, activist/non-activist action, and biospheric/anthropocentric-oriented action. The binary actions presented in this paper pull together all of the binary themes, both pre-existing ones and those emerging from the current study data. The paper provides recommendations about how one can contribute to environmental quality and positively impact the sustainable development agenda.
Systematic screening for k type phase transitions – general approach and positive example for a binuclear Cu(ii) paddlewheel structure

Continuous structural phase transitions associated with a loss of translational symmetry, so called klassengleiche or k type phase transitions, are less obvious to detect than their t type counterparts: In contrast to the latter, they result in the formation of antiphase domains and remain invisible to standard X-ray diffraction experiments. The low symmetry and low temperature phase may, however, retain traces of the lost translational symmetry in terms of pseudo symmetry which is reflected as pseudo translation in the diffraction pattern. We exploited this tendency and screened more than 100,000 deposited structures in reciprocal space for pseudo symmetry. This automatic test was followed by a check in real space which required human intervention to avoid false positives as a result of apparent extra symmetry in the electron density distribution. As a proof of principle, we applied our two step strategy to a small number of synthetically affordable compounds for which only low temperature diffraction data were available. For a dinuclear carboxylato-bridged Cu(II) paddlewheel structure [P. Smart et al., CrystEngComm, 2013, 15, 3160] we were able to collect temperature-dependent diffraction data and confirm the existence of a k phase transition at ca. 230 K. Upon cooling, crystallographic symmetry of the parent space group turns into pseudo symmetry in the subgroup.
Sea Ice Thickness in the Western Ross Sea

Using airborne measurements, we provide a first direct glimpse of the sea ice thickness distribution in the western Ross Sea, Antarctica, where the distinguishing sea ice process is the regular occurrence of the Ross Sea, McMurdo Sound, and Terra Nova Bay polynyas. Two flights in November 2017 over a length of 800 km reveal a heavily deformed ice regime with a mean thickness of 2.0 ± 1.6 m. Supported by satellite image analysis, we identify regional variability in ice thickness based on formation history. Sea ice thickness gradients are highest within 100 and 200 km of the Terra Nova Bay and McMurdo Sound polynyas, respectively, where the mean thickness of the thickest 10% of ice is 7.6 m. Overall, about 80% of the ice is heavily deformed, concentrated in ridges with thicknesses of 3.0–11.8 m. This is evidence that sea ice is much thicker than in the central Ross Sea.
Material Performance Tests of the Polymer-Cement Thin Spray-On Liner

Compared to conventional shotcrete, thin spray-on liner (TSL) has several advantages, including high efficiency, good adhesion, and low dust content. In order to study the underlying mechanism of polymers on thin spray-on liner materials, three polymers were tested in this study. They were mixed into the shotcrete materials to conduct viscosity, pulling, flexural strength, and compression tests. The correlations between the viscosity of the materials and their other mechanical properties were analyzed. The optimal mixing ratio obtained by the tests was at a polymer–cement ratio of 15%. The material had better mechanical properties overall when modified with a vinyl acetate-ethylene (VAE) copolymer emulsion. When a VAE emulsion was used to modify cement mortar, the results showed that the VAE modified mortar had the best viscosity performance of any of the tested emulsions at the same polymer–cement ratio. Because of the adhesion of the modified mortar on a marble wall, when the viscosity was 2,300–5,800 mPa·s, the slurry was evenly distributed and did not sag on the wall surface. The VAE emulsion was affected by its own viscosity, and the pull-out strength was also enhanced as the viscosity increased. As the viscosity of the VAE emulsion increased, its flexural strength initially increased and then decreased, whereas its compressive strength decreased linearly. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of thin shotcrete materials.
Categorizing human vocal signals depends on an integrated auditory‐frontal cortical network

Voice signals are relevant for auditory communication and suggested to be processed in dedicated auditory cortex (AC) regions. While recent reports highlighted an additional role of the inferior frontal cortex (IFC), a detailed description of the integrated functioning of the AC–IFC network and its task relevance for voice processing is missing. Using neuroimaging, we tested sound categorization while human participants either focused on the higher‐order vocal‐sound dimension (voice task) or feature‐based intensity dimension (loudness task) while listening to the same sound material. We found differential involvements of the AC and IFC depending on the task performed and whether the voice dimension was of task relevance or not. First, when comparing neural vocal‐sound processing of our task‐based with previously reported passive listening designs we observed highly similar cortical activations in the AC and IFC. Second, during task‐based vocal‐sound processing we observed voice‐sensitive responses in the AC and IFC whereas intensity processing was restricted to distinct AC regions. Third, the IFC flexibly adapted to the vocal‐sounds' task relevance, being only active when the voice dimension was task relevant. Forth and finally, connectivity modeling revealed that vocal signals independent of their task relevance provided significant input to bilateral AC. However, only when attention was on the voice dimension, we found significant modulations of auditory‐frontal connections. Our findings suggest an integrated auditory‐frontal network to be essential for behaviorally relevant vocal‐sounds processing. The IFC seems to be an important hub of the extended voice network when representing higher‐order vocal objects and guiding goal‐directed behavior.
The Dynamic Landscape of Parasitaemia Dependent Intestinal Microbiota Shifting at Species Level and the Correlated Gut Transcriptome During Plasmodium Yoelii Infection

BackgroundMalaria, caused by Plasmodium infection, is a global life-threatening infection disease especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is still unclear about the dynamic change and the interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immunity during the whole parasite infection. Here, we investigated the change of intestinal microbiome and transcriptome during the whole Plasmodium infection process in mice to analyze the dynamic landscape of parasitaemia dependent intestinal microbiota shifting and related to host immunity.ResultsThere were significant parasitaemia dependent changes of intestinal microbiota and transcriptome, and the microbiota was significantly correlated to the intestinal immunity. We found that (i) the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota represented a significant correlation along with the Plasmodium infection in family, genus and species level; (ii) particularly, Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium canine oral taxon 255, Sutterella*, Ruminococcus 1* and Eubacterium plexicaudatum ASF492 were specific during the parasitaemia rising state, while Eubacterium nodatum group* was specific in the recovering phase at species level; (iii) the up-regulated genes from the intestinal transcriptome were mainly enriched in immune cell differentiation pathways along with the malaria development, particularly, naive CD4+ T cells differentiated into Th1, Th2 and Tfh cells in the early immune response and into Th17 cells in the later response, while B cells were activated during the whole Plasmodium infection process; (iv) the abundance of the parasitaemia phase-specific microbiota represented a high correlation with the phase-specific immune cells development, particularly, Th1 cell with family Bacteroidales BS11 gut group, genera Prevotella 9, Ruminococcaceae UCG 008, Moryella and specie Sutterella* , Th2 cell with specie Sutterella*, Th17 cell with family Peptococcaceae , genus Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group and spices Ruminococcus 1*, Ruminococcus UGG 014* and Eubacterium plexicaudatum ASF492, Tfh and B cell with genera Moryella and species Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium canine oral taxon 255.Conclusion﻿There were a remarkable dynamic landscape of the parasitaemia dependent shifting of intestinal microbiota and immunity, and a notable correlation between the abundance of intestinal microbiota, especially at species level, and immune cells.
Planned Behavior in Overcoming Cognitive Dissonance in Ritual Activities of Homecoming (Case Study of Homecoming Travelers Using Motorcycle)

Homecoming in Indonesia has become national traditions. One of transportation for homecoming is a motorcycle. Homecoming by motorcycle has many limitations and raises quite a high risk, as well as an appeal not to go home on a motorcycle from the government, but many still go home on a motorcycle. This study aims to find out what dissonances appear in the travelers who ride motorcycles, and how the travelers' behavioral, normative and control beliefs in dealing with this dissonance. This research uses qualitative case study methods and data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, with analysis using Theory of Cognitive Dissonance and The Theory of Planned Original Research Article Behavior. Research activities on homecoming are included in the single case category, which researchers carry out on homecoming activities during the Eid al instead of May-June 2019, with research 18 informants. The results showed that found cognitive dissonance conditions in the homecoming activities they live. This Dissonance is indicated from the finding that there is denial of one element which is then followed by or following other elements dissonance using 3 (three) elements of The Theory of Planned Behavior, control belief, and normative belief, which are in line with the methods used by TCD in eliminating dissonance. This research also reveals elements of behavioral belief to overcome cognitive
A multimodal analysis of foreign national origin membership categories in Belgian blue collar job interviews with first generation immigrants

ABSTRACT We investigate the use of foreign national origin membership categories in four authentic, Dutch-spoken job interviews with first generation immigrants in Belgium applying for blue collar jobs. We draw on Membership Categorization Analysis and use a multimodal, micro-oriented approach. As such, we aim to uncover the many, often subtle, verbal and non-verbal ways in which these national origin categories are negotiated interactionally. Our findings indicate that because of these categorization mechanisms, the gatekeeping-process of job interviews becomes an even more challenging hurdle for candidates with a migration background especially when they have to compete with candidates with Belgian roots.
A Shock and Expansion Wave-driven Powder Disperser

The paper describes a method for dispersing small (micro- and milligram) quantities of dry powder using a shock and expansion wave technique. The batch-wise operating apparatus aerosolizes any particulate matter with primary particles down to the submicrometer size range. Depending on the initial pressure situation and on the powder mass to be dispersed, the degree of dispersion or the fraction of agglomerates can be adjusted in a wide range. For calibration purposes monodisperse aerosols can also be generated employing monosized powders. The operating characteristics of the device are presented.
A Semi-Parametric Analysis of Childhood Stunting in India: District Level Scenario

BackgroundA growing body of literature has recognized the urgency of addressing the issue of childhood stunting (low height for age) in India and dedicated substantial resources to identifying the factors that are strongly associated with its considerable prevalence in the country. However, most of these studies have focused on parametric models with limited use of geographic information and prefixed assumption on the linear association of various factors with stunting outcomes. The present study re-investigates the non-linear association of certain covariates along with spatial effects by using a flexible Bayesian semi-parametric regression approach at the district level.MethodData is taken from the recent fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4, 2015-16). The analysis is based on the data from 2,24,190 children whose complete anthropometric measurements of weight and height are measured.ResultsThe paper has two major contributions. First, it challenges the pigeonholing of linear association of covariates. It identifies a non-linear association of child's age, mother's age at birth, and mother's BMI with childhood stunting. Children's height-for-age score worsens up to the age of 20 months and then stabilizes at a lower HAZ score in the states with a high prevalence of childhood stunting. Almost all high prevalence states display an inverted U association for maternal BMI suggesting that not just underweight mothers, but overweight mothers are also likely to have stunted children. Secondly, the results indicate high spatial clustering of poor performing districts in states with a high prevalence of childhood stunting. For example, the districts in the West of Bihar show significantly higher levels of childhood stunting than the ones in the East.ConclusionsThis is the first time that a flexible and realistic model has been applied to district-level data to identify regional variation and highlight the issues of pigeonholing linear association of all correlated of childhood stunting. The findings from the study is a novel attempt to rethink restrictive modeling approaches of various public health issues in a regionally diverse country such as India.
Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal and Recovery of Safranine-T Dye from Industrial Effluents

In this study, deoiled-mustard obtained from local oil mills has been used as an inexpensive and effective adsorbent for the removal of Safranine-T dye from wastewater. The influence of various factors on the adsorption capacity has been studied by batch experiments. The adsorption studies revealed that the ongoing adsorption validates Langmuir adsorption isotherms better than the Freundlich adsorption isotherm at temperatures 40, 50, 60°C. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° for the adsorption process were calculated. Desorption profile revealed that a significant portion (83%) of the dye could be desorbed by using 12% acetic acid solution as an eluting agent. A comparative analysis of the adsorption capacities of various adsorbents reveals the superior performance of the adsorbent under study. The results indicated that deoiled-mustard is a good and low-cost adsorbent from the practical point of view for dyes removal and can be used as an economically viable alternative to commercial activated carbon.
ICI 204448: a κP‐opioid agonist with limited access to the CNS

1 A number of compounds were evaluated in an attempt to identify a κ‐opioid receptor agonist with limited access to the central nervous system. 2 Quaternary derivatives of the κ‐opioid agonists tifluadom, U‐50488H and ethylketocyclazocine were essentially devoid of opioid activity in a range of isolated tissue preparations. 3 A novel compound — ICI 204448 — is described which produced a potent and naloxone‐reversible inhibition of electrically‐evoked contraction of the guinea‐pig ileum, mouse vas deferens and rabbit vas deferens preparations. ICI 204448 was shown to displace the binding of the κ‐opioid ligand [3H]‐bremazocine from guinea‐pig cerebellum membranes. 4 Ex vivo binding studies in mice showed ICI 204448 to be well absorbed following subcutaneous administration. The brain levels achieved by ICI 20448 were substantially lower than those produced by κ‐agonists such as U‐50488H and tifluadom. 5 A good correlation was found for a range of opioids between lipophilicity and degree of CNS penetration.