Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leaving home in the Netherlands: when and in which

The paper addresses two aspects of leaving the parental home in the Netherlands: the timing of leaving home in the life course, and the outcome in terms of the first housing situation. We investigate to what extent the timing and the housing outcome are influenced by the child’s and the parents’ resources, and how they differ between spatial contexts and through time. Data are used from two retrospective surveys conducted in the beginning of the 1990s. In the analysis of the timing of leaving home, we make a distinction between the two competing risks of leaving to live alone and leaving to live with a partner. This distinction is particularly important for the Netherlands, where living without a partner has become much more common during the past few decades; it is now the most common pathway of starting a first household after leaving home. We also examine how the first housing situation depends on which of the two pathways out of the parental home is taken. We use discrete-time event history models for the analysis of timing, and multinomial logistic regression models for the analysis of the housing outcomes. The results confirm that there are major differences between leaving home to live alone and leaving to live with a partner. The single most important factor influencing leaving home to live alone is education; those with university education (including those still in university) are more than five times as likely to leave home to live alone in a given year than those with primary education. Other important factors include degree of urbanization and the child’s and the parents’ socio-economic status. The likelihood of leaving home to live with a partner, in contrast, is negatively associated with level of education. It is hardly influenced by parental resources, but the child’s own socio-economic status and employment are important. The first housing situation of the nest leavers is strongly associated with the route they take out of the parental home. Compared with renting an independent dwelling, those starting without a partner are much more likely to start in shared or student accommodation and much less likely to immediately become home-owners. Shared accommodation, furthermore, is predominantly found among those still in education or otherwise not employed; and the younger nest leavers. The likelihood of starting as a home-owner increases with age and decreases with degree of urbanization. Surprisingly, no evidence is found for an influence of the child’s socio-economic status on the first housing situation. Furthermore, hardly any influence of parental resources on the child’s first housing situation is found.
The geographical structure of British bird distributions: diversity, spatial turnover and scale

Summary 1 Using data on the spatial distribution of the British avifauna, we address three basic questions about the spatial structure of assemblages: (i) Is there a relationship between species richness (alpha diversity) and spatial turnover of species (beta diversity)? (ii) Do high richness locations have fewer species in common with neighbouring areas than low richness locations? , and (iii) Are any such relationships contingent on spatial scale (resolution or quadrat area), and do they reflect the operation of a particular kind of species–area relationship (SAR)? 2 For all measures of spatial turnover, we found a negative relationship with species richness. This held across all scales, with the exception of turnover measured as βsim. 3 Higher richness areas were found to have more species in common with neighbouring areas. 4 The logarithmic SAR fitted better than the power SAR overall, and fitted significantly better in areas with low richness and high turnover. 5 Spatial patterns of both turnover and richness vary with scale. The finest scale richness pattern (10 km) and the coarse scale richness pattern (90 km) are statistically unrelated. The same is true of the turnover patterns. 6 With coarsening scale, locations of the most species-rich quadrats move north. This observed sensitivity of richness ‘hotspot’ location to spatial scale has implications for conservation biology, e.g. the location of a reserve selected on the basis of maximum richness may change considerably with reserve size or scale of analysis. 7 Average turnover measured using indices declined with coarsening scale, but the average number of species gained or lost between neighbouring quadrats was essentially scale invariant at 10–13 species, despite mean richness rising from 80 to 146 species (across an 81-fold area increase). We show that this kind of scale invariance is consistent with the logarithmic SAR.
Smart search for optimal technological processes in cyber-physical systems

Digital production dictates new approaches to the organization of technological processes, including the development of cyber-physical systems within the framework of Industry 4.0. The development of these systems involves the use of not only classical methods, but also additive technologies in production. The article deals with the concept of a smart production system to find the optimal technological process, which is based on the user defined constraints and expert data of the cloud cyber-physical system.
Falsely low pulse oximetry values caused by aortocaval fistula

To the Editor: We report an unusual case of aortocaval fistula causing falsely low pulse oximetry values due to high-pressure, partial arterialization of the venous system. An 84 year old man presented via Emergency Services with a massive, infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. The patient was taken rapidly to an operating room and prepared for aortovascular surgery. Initial vital signs included blood pressure of 148/78 mmHg, pulse of 88 bpm, and oxygen saturation of 39%. Pulse by plethysmography correlated with heart rate by electrocardiogram. An arterial blood gas was obtained, showing PaO2 to be 350 mmHg. Largebore central venous access was obtained shortly after induction of anesthesia, and initial central venous pressure (CVP) was recorded at 45 mmHg. Central venous waveform was atypically bifid in nature. During surgical exploration, it was found that an aortic aneurysm communicated by fistula with the inferior vena cava, a complication occurring in less than 1% of operative aneurysms. As the fistula was surgically closed, CVP and waveform quickly normalized and oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry (SpO2) increased to 100% over the course of several minutes. Pulse oximeters measure light-absorption changes between arterial pulsation and non-pulsatile surrounding tissue. When venous blood itself becomes excessively pulsatile, as may occur with major arteriovenous fistulae, reduced variance between the two signals creates a falsely low SpO2 value, as in this case [1]. This case illustrates that aortocaval fistula may cause falsely low oximetry readings. Other potential causes of excessive venous pulsation include severe tricuspid regurgitation, right heart failure, and other arteriovenous anastomoses [2-4].
The Role of Friends in the Development of Depressed Mood : Evidence for Protective Effects

The present study examined to what extent different types of friendship experiences (i.e., friendlessness, having depressed friends, and having nondepressed friends) are associated with early adolescents’ longitudinal trajectories of depressed mood. On the basis of a sample of 201 youths (108 girls, 93 boys), we identified 3 distinct longitudinal profiles of depressed mood from Grade 5 (age 11) through Grade 7 (age 13): one group with consistently low levels of depressed mood, another group showing a sharp increase in depressed mood from late childhood through early adolescence, and a 3rd group with consistently high levels of depressed mood from late childhood through early adolescence. Subsequent analyses revealed that, compared to friendless youths, youths with nondepressed friends showed less elevated trajectories of depressed mood, whereas youths with depressed friends showed more elevated trajectories. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Recommandations formalisées d ’ experts Conduite du bilan diagnostique biologique . Les immunoglobulines E Control of the biological diagnostic assessment

L. Guilloux *, Y. Benoit , I. Aimone-Gastin , C. Ponvert , E. Beaudouin e a Unité d’immuno-allergologie, laboratoire Mérieux, avenue Tony-Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France b Département d’anesthésie-réanimation, Pavillon 5, hôpital Édouard-Herriot, 69437 Lyon 3, France c Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHU de Nancy-Brabois, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France d Service de pneumologie et allergologie pédiatriques, hôpital Necker–Enfants malades, AP–HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France e Service d’allergologie, hôpital Jean-Monnet, avenue Robert-Schumann, 77021 Épinal cedex, France
Investigating the behavior of venture capital syndications and its’ impact on the entrepreneurial growth (with Australian data)

In a modern economy, venture capital not only provides the finances, but also the essential institutional infrastructure for the technology driven and other promising enterprises to grow. Given the level of uncertainty and diverse recourse requirements involved in young enterprises the venture capitalists would often prefer to syndicate investments pooling together the information and resources to enhance the value of the enterprise. Financial contracts, especially the syndication behaviour and patterns are often context specific and it would be expected that, in an emerging market like Australia syndication behaviour and patterns would depict the nature and strength of the investment network.
erceptual inference ikolaos

Perceptual inference refers to the ability to infer sensory stimuli from predictions that result from internal neural representations built through prior experience. Methods of Bayesian statistical inference and decision theory model cognition adequately by using error sensing either in guiding action or in “generative” models that predict the sensory information. In this framework, perception can be seen as a process qualitatively distinct from sensation, a process of information evaluation using previously acquired and stored representations (memories) that is guided by sensory feedback. The stored representations can be utilised as internal models of sensory stimuli enabling long term associations, for example in operant conditioning. Evidence for perceptual inference is contributed by such phenomena as the cortical colocalisation of object perception with object memory, the response invariance in the responses of some neurons to variations in the stimulus, as well as from situations in which perception can be dissociated eflex ctive inference ayesian inference from sensation. In the context of perceptual inference, sensory areas of the cerebral cortex that have been facilitated by a priming signal may be regarded as comparators in a closed feedback loop, similar to the better known motor reflexes in the sensorimotor system. The adult cerebral cortex can be regarded as similar to a servomechanism, in using sensory feedback to correct internal models, producing predictions of the outside world on the basis of past experience. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Worker Voice, Managerial Response and Labour Productivity: An Empirical Investigation

This article investigates the relationship between worker voice practices, employee perceptions of managerial responsiveness and labour productivity. It argues that managerial responsiveness is a critical but under-investigated variable in the study of the relationship between worker voice, human resource management and performance. Our results suggest that managerial responsiveness to worker voice does lead to superior labour productivity. However, this relationship is only found in non-union workplaces and there is little relationship between formal voice regime and productivity. One important implication of this finding is that more responsive management will result in improved productivity, so policy interventions should focus on how to motivate managers to become more responsive to their employees.
LIMITED RIGHTS LEGEND Award Number : DAMD 1799-1-9034 Organization : The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Location of Limited Rights Data

-We are developing a synthetic linear interpolation algorithm, and sums values aperture beamformer for a realtime 3D imaging channel to channel using a pipelined network of DSPs system. The beamformer consists of a network of [1]. Here we further investigate this architecture. The multi-processor digital signal processor (DSP) boards system generates a synthetic aperture image from three which provide the processing speed and flexibility transmit events. We evaluate both the accuracy of the required for realtime 3D beamforming. The system beamforming and the performance of the system as uses high speed memory buffers and a ribbon cable implemented with a fixed point DSP (TMS320C6201, interface between DSP boards to allow channel to Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX). An important channel transfers to occur in parallel. Each channel limitation on the performance of a DSP based has a 12 bit A/D, a C6201 DSP which calculates beamformer is the speed at which data can be moved delayed signal values using linear interpolation, and a between processors. In fact, for a high speed DSPfor summing. Dividing the summing and delaying beamformer, the input/output (I/O) performance is as tasksreducestheinput/output(I/O)burden.Restricting important as the CPU speed. We present algorithms the A/D sampling frequency to an integer multiple of directed at minimizing the 1/0 demands on the system. fourtimesthecenterfrequencyoftheultrasoundsignal We also address the issue of demodulation and log further reduces the 1/0 burden. An algorithm compression using fixed point processors. optimized for the C6201 calculates a single demodulated point in 25 ns. A multi-resolution look II. OVERVIEW OF PIPELINE ARCHITECTURE up table algorithm produces an 8 bit estimate of the log compressed envelope signal in less than 25 ns per The beamformer consists of a network of point. Simulations of the radiation pattern formed digital signal processors. Summing is done by using three transmit pulses show secondary lobes arranging the DSPs in a pipeline so that the input to a below -50 dB. processor is the sum of all the prior channels and the output is the sum including the contribution from that
Addressing Concerns about Responsibility

Date of publication: 1 December 2014 set of technologies, loosely referred to as “artificial agents,” is becoming more pervasive and more powerful in the current computing landscape. All artificial agents are built on a computational foundation. Some are purely computational, e.g., Internet bots, search engines, and others are physically embodied entities with computational decision-making components, e.g., robots, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and autonomous cars. The noteworthy feature of artificial agents – the feature that leads to the artificial agent label – is their capacity to operate autonomously. At some level or to some degree, artificial agents operate independently from the humans who design and deploy them. They are agents in the sense that we deploy them to perform tasks on our behalf and often these tasks involve learning and decision-making. Since humans previously performed many of these tasks, we mark the difference, that is, the machine performance of these tasks, by referring to them as “artificial. ” Responsibility issues are prominent in the discourse on artificial agents. Much attention has been given to the possibility that artificial agents might develop in ways that will make it impossible to hold humans responsible for their behavior. We believe that this concern misconstrues the situation and distracts attention from more important and more urgent issues. Rather than lamenting the possibility of artificial agents for which no one can be responsible, attention should be focused on how to develop artificial agents so as to ensure that humans can be responsible for their behavior. This involves attending to the optimal distribution of tasks among human and non-human (machine) components of artificial agent systems; appropriate designations of responsibilities to the humans operating in the system; and development and implementation of responsibility practices to support the assignments of tasks and responsibilities. As part of a National Science Foundation funded project (“Ethics for Developing Technologies: An Analysis of Artificial Agent Technology”), we developed a set of recommendations for the future development of artificial agents. An early version of the recommendations was presented to a small group of experts in the fields of robotics, computer science, philosophy, ethics, law, and policy. Based on the feedback received from these experts, the recommendations were revised. We present the final Recommendations for Future Development of Artificial Agents MEREL NOORMAN DEBORAH G. JOHNSON
Reading the reading of the gerund: the share of non-eventive interpretations of -ing nominals

The present paper focuses on the changing interpretations of the English gerund. Since no method can accurately and uniformly account for the meanings of all instances of existing -ing forms, previous studies have offered approximate characterizations based on small samples. This study looks at the numbers of -ing derivations denoting institutionalized activities, on the assumption that these represent non-eventive readings. The derivations in question are arranged chronologically in terms of their time of coinage to compare changing productivity levels of this process relative to -ry derivations. This count shows that -ing suffi xations outnumber other nominalization processes and this trend has increased in the last two centuries.
Genetic heterogeneity within the HLA region in MG Güher Saruhan-Direskeneli

a Department of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA c Division of Health Science and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA d Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey e Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA f Department of Neurology, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey g Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey h Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey i Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
Resource-Poor Countries with Fragile Health Care and Disease Surveillance and Response Systems

The outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) that began in Guinea in 2013 and then rapidly spread through Liberia and Sierra Leone lasted over 2 years and resulted in over 28,500 cases and at least 11,000 deaths in West Africa, with 27 imported or medically evacuated cases and 5 deaths in the United States and Europe (Fig. 1) (1, 2). By comparison, fewer than 3,000 cases of EVD have been registered for all previous outbreaks combined (Table 1). The previous largest outbreak on record, which occurred in Gulu, Uganda, in 2000–2001, lasted only three and a half months and consisted of 425 cases with 224 deaths. But the impact of an outbreak of EVD or other emerging viruses cannot be measured simply by tallying cases and deaths. In 2015 the West Africa EVD outbreak resulted in $2.2 billion in lost economic growth in the region, stalling fledging economies that were struggling to recover from civil war. On a personal level, such sterile-sounding statistics translate to extreme personal suffering—upward of 3,000 orphaned children, children’s education and development jeopardized as school is cancelled for a year, job loss, smaller harvests and hungry families, and deep but less easily measurable mental health and socio-cultural impacts. Furthermore, as the region’s
TIBS 1320 No . of Pages 13 Series : Superlative Sequels Review Stressed and In fl amed , Can GSK 3 Be Blamed ?

Psychological stress has a pervasive influence on our lives. In many cases adapting to stress strengthens organisms, but chronic or severe stress is usually harmful. One surprising outcome of psychological stress is the activation of an inflammatory response that resembles inflammation caused by infection or trauma. Excessive psychological stress and the consequential inflammation in the brain can increase susceptibility to psychiatric diseases, such as depression, and impair learning and memory, including in some patients with cognitive deficits. An emerging target to control detrimental outcomes of stress and inflammation is glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3). GSK3 promotes inflammation, partly by regulating key transcription factors in the inflammation signaling pathway, and GSK3 can impair learning by promoting inflammation and by inhibiting long-term potentiation (LTP). Drugs inhibiting GSK3 may prove beneficial for controlling mood and cognitive impairments caused by excessive stress and the associated neuroinflammation. potential therapeutic target.
Cancer Cell Previews GABP b 1 L Wakes Up TERT

Telomeres are long regions of shelterinbound repetitive sequences that mask the ends of chromosomes from being recognized as DNA double strand breaks. Telomeres are extended by the telomerase complex and its catalytic subunit, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). TERT is normally expressed in embryonic stem cells and becomes silenced during differentiation (Shay and Wright, 2006). In most normal somatic cells, telomeres shorten with each cellular division ultimately triggering senescence. Cancer cells bypass progressive telomere shortening and the resulting senescence by reactivating TERT expression (Jafri et al., 2016). Therapeutic silencing of TERT expression in cancer cells is therefore an area of intense study (Shay and Wright, 2006). In this issue of Cancer Cell, Mancini et al. demonstrate that the b1L isoform of the ETS transcription factor (TF) GAbinding protein (GABP) activates TERT expression in brain tumor cells (Mancini et al., 2018), thus providing an attractive target for future drug discovery. Limitless replicative potential is a hallmark of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000). Approximately 90% of cancers transcriptionally activate TERT to bypass senescence and achieve replicative immortality (Chiba et al., 2015; Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000). The other 10% maintain their telomeres by an alternative recombination-based mechanism (ALT) (Jafri et al., 2016). In many cancers, the transcriptional upregulation of TERT is achieved by de novo somatic mutations in the promoter region of TERT that create a binding site for GABP (Bell et al., 2015). Indeed, TERT promoter mutations are the most com-