Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiosite spectrale et sources directionnelles : application a l'eclairage des tunnels routiers

Cette these a pour objectif principal de fournir des outils de simulation d'eclairage realiste, mathematiquement valides, et debouchant sur differentes applications reelles. L'equation de luminance (equation integrale de type fredholm du second ordre) traduit les echanges lumineux dans un environnement non participant. La projection de cette equation conduit alors a un systeme lineaire fini et nous etablissons dans un premier temps la convergence d'une resolution iterative de ce systeme. Nous avons par ailleurs montre, a l'aide d'un contre-exemple, que la matrice du systeme n'etait pas en general a diagonale dominante contrairement a une idee assez repandue. Nous decrivons ensuite en detail un modele de radiosite hierarchique utilisant des fonctions de base d'ordre superieur de type multi-ondelettes. Cette approche resulte en un systeme creux dont la matrice ne comporte que o(n) entrees significatives (n'etant le nombre de fonctions de base utilisees). Par la suite, nous etendons le modele de radiosite en considerant les sources de maniere plus realiste, sous leur aspect spectral et directionnel. Nous nous interessons alors a une application debouchant sur le dimensionnement de l'eclairage des tunnels routier en zone d'entree. Un eclairage adequat s'avere en effet crucial pour offrir a l'automobiliste une bonne visibilite en penetrant ces tunnels et par suite une securite suffisante. Une etude theorique basee sur la perception visuelle va nous permettre de determiner les niveaux de luminance a requerir sur la chaussee en fonction des conditions presentes a l'exterieur du tunnel. Nous proposons egalement une extension a la notion de contraste usuelle que nous exploitons dans notre application. Nous decrivons pour finir une methode que nous avons elaboree pour rechercher les meilleures configurations (choix du luminaire, de la puissance d'emission, du type de chaussee, etc. ) dans ce tunnel tout en satisfaisant les niveaux requis.
A comparative approach to protein- and ligand-dependence of the Root effect for fish haemoglobins.

Ligand-binding equilibria, kinetics and (13)C n.m. r. spectra of bound (13)CO, of the haemoglobins from two fishes that are very distant on the evolutionary scale, i.e. the fourth haemoglobin component from Salmo irideus and the single component from Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, were studied. The C-terminal sequence was also determined for the haemoglobin from Osteoglossum. The results show that (i) the C-terminal residues of both chains are not directly responsible for the characteristic heterotropic effect known as Root effect, since for both fish haemoglobins these residues are identical with those of human haemoglobins. (ii) In all haemoglobins characterized by the Root effect a dependence of the (13)CO n.m. r. resonances on pH is observed. However, the extent of the shift(s) depends on the particular protein, and is probably the result of a combination of both tertiary and quaternary conformational changes. (iii) Both haemoglobins from trout and Osteoglossum manifest a functional heterogeneity between the two types of chains in the tetramer, which increases with proton activity. For CO, the effect is very small for trout haemoglobin IV, and very marked for Osteoglossum haemoglobin; for O(2) strongly heterogeneous binding curves were obtained at approx. pH6.2 with both haemoglobins. (iv) Estimations of the relative values of the affinity constants for the alpha and beta chains in the tetramer were obtained for both haemoglobins from (13)CO n.m. r. spectra at low fractional saturation. On the basis of these findings the molecular mechanism underlying the Root effect is discussed.
The Human Resources Management in the Industry of Tourism and Hospitality. The Challenges and Future Perspectives

The aim of this paper is to bring into consideration the actual situation of the human resources management in the industry of tourism and hospitality, the challenges this factor is going through and the possible perspectives in the future. This study is based on the statistical data published by international authorized institutions and different studies of the field, compared and analyzed under an accurate literature review process made by the author. What comes up from this study is that eventhough the labor force of the tourism industry is the biggest ever known until now, half of it is part time employed and no qualified, dominated by students and emigrants groups who in general are low payed. In constrast to this, in most developed countries, where this industry is one of the most important regarding to income generation, happens that the service receiver-the tourist, is generally served by the low qualified employee. So, the failure or the success in this industry actually depands on the lowest payed and under evaluated part of the labour force. This industry suffers from negative perceptions regarding the employment practices, which in mostly cases are supported by evidence in fact. The phylosophy of human resources management is actually oriented toward short term objectives and responsabilites than toward long term ones like as the human resources development and its effective carrier path. This tendency needs to be changed due to the new challenges of the global tourism market development and smart tourist profile. Related to this last point this study offers recomandations.
Empirical Research on User Relationship Network for Product Innovation Community

The ‘social network’ which is formed by user behavior and its interact relation, could link user wisdom quickly, gather huge amounts of information, accelerate the sharing of knowledge and creation. Xiaomi community using grasping user comments or response data on community BBS section of typical products has been proven a typical product innovation platform that can be used to build the user relationship network. Typical social network properties have been discovered by using the social network analysis method. But high clustering core - edge structure in the network makes the majority of user behavior have certain limitation about focus on more themes' content of products at the same time. Core users tend to talk more to periphery users in the user relationship network, then, the core users almost no communication between themselves, and their intermediary effect are not obvious. Obtained the empirical results show that impact on analyzing user interaction and its relationship building, which could spread information aggregation and quickly generate iteration to promote the product innovation design.
Evaluation of the impacts of emergency vehicle signal preemption

Evaluation of the Impacts of Emergency Vehicle Signal Preemption by Gang Xie Dr. Hualiang (Harry) Teng, Examination Committee Chair Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas Emergency vehicle signal preemptions are designed to give green light to responding emergency vehicles by “preempting” signals as they proceed through signalized intersections. A direct objective of signal preemption is to reduce response time for emergency vehicle while enhancing safety. However, signal preemptions interrupt regular signal operations and thus cause extra traffic delay to general traffic. Studies have been conducted on evaluating the effectiveness of signal preemption from the perspective of improving emergency vehicle response time. It has been found that these studies have been using traffic simulation models which cannot reflect the real traffic conditions, particularly associated with preemption. With the observational data (GPS data from paratransit vehicles) available, this study evaluates the impact of emergency vehicle on regular traffic and analyzes signal transition for preemption. The impact of emergency vehicles on regular traffic is based on hypothesis tests on the variance and mean of speeds for the general traffic under the preemption conditions versus those under normal conditions. The results from the test on variance indicate that significantly larger variance can be produced by emergency preemption than that in normal
Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production

Worldwide, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for cereal production (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.; corn, Zea mays L.; rice, Oryza sativa L. and O. glaberrima Steud.; barley, Hordeum vulgare L.; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ; oat, Avena sativa L. ; and rye, Secale cereale L. ) is approximately 33%. The unaccounted 67% represents a $15.9 billion annual loss of N fertilizer (assuming fertilizer-soil equilibrium). Loss of fertilizer N results from gaseous plant emission, soil denitrification, surface runoff, volatilization, and leaching. Increased cereal NUE is unlikely, unless a systems approach is implemented that uses varieties with high harvest index, incorporated NH₄-N fertilizer, application of prescribed rates consistent with in-field variability using sensor-based systems within production fields, low N rates applied at flowering, and forage production systems. Furthermore, increased cereal NUE must accompany increased yields needed to feed a growing world population that has yet to benefit from the promise of N₂-fixing cereal crops. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) linked with advanced research programs at universities and research institutes is uniquely positioned to refine fertilizer N use in the world via the extension of improved NUE hybrids and cultivars and management practices in both the developed and developing world. Contribution from the Okla. Agric. Exp. Stn.
Retracted Science and the Retraction Index

ABSTRACT Articles may be retracted when their findings are no longer considered trustworthy due to scientific misconduct or error, they plagiarize previously published work, or they are found to violate ethical guidelines. Using a novel measure that we call the “retraction index,” we found that the frequency of retraction varies among journals and shows a strong correlation with the journal impact factor. Although retractions are relatively rare, the retraction process is essential for correcting the literature and maintaining trust in the scientific process.
Evaluation of the Hooves of Dairy Cows in Connection with Trimming and Culling

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of regular hoof trimming on the incidence of hoof diseases and their impact on the culling of dairy cows. The experiment was carried at the farm located in northern Slovakia, at an altitude of 1000 m asl. The farm kept cattle Red and Black Holstein, Slovak Spotted, Slovak Pinzgau and their cross breeds. The status of hooves was assessed during each hoof trimming. During the first hoof trimming in December 2011, 130 dairy cows were evaluated. During the second trimming in May 2012 114 cows and during the third trimming in November 2012 105 cows were treated. The overall incidence of hoof diseases and the overall incidence of diseases attributable to animal was evaluated (animal was evaluated as sick if at least one limb was affected). The incidence of hoof diseases were assessed in whole herd (all animals), in group of culled cows and in the basic herd (cows treated in all three hoof trimmings – 86 cows). The highest incidence of all diseases was observed in culled animals during the study (46%, 45% respectively). The most common illnesses were ulcers and dermatitis. In the course of all three hoof trimmings the reduction in the incidence of disease in whole herd (mainly due to culling) and also in basic herd (due to the positive impact of hoof trimming) was confirmed. The work highlights the importance of regular hoof trimming in the effective reduction of hoof diseases on the farms. Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normalna tabuľka"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
GATED FAST WEIGHTS FOR ASSOCIATIVE RETRIEVAL

We improve previous end-to-end differentiable neural networks (NNs) with fast weight memories. A gate mechanism updates fast weights at every time step of a sequence through two separate outer-product-based matrices generated by slow parts of the net. The system is trained on a complex sequence to sequence variation of the Associative Retrieval Problem with roughly 70 times more temporal memory (i.e. time-varying variables) than similar-sized standard recurrent NNs (RNNs). In terms of accuracy and number of parameters, our architecture outperforms a variety of RNNs, including Long Short-Term Memory, Hypernetworks, and related fast weight architectures.
RPGR mutation analysis and disease: an update

Mutations in the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) gene are the most common single cause of retinitis pigmentosa, accounting for up to 15 to 20% of cases in Caucasians. A total of 240 different RPGR mutations have been reported, including 24 novel ones in this work, which are associated with X‐linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) (95%), cone, cone‐rod dystrophy, or atrophic macular atrophy (3%), and syndromal retinal dystrophies with ciliary dyskinesia and hearing loss (2%). All disease‐causing mutations occur in one or more RPGR isoforms containing the carboxyl‐terminal exon open reading frame 15 (ORF15), which are widely expressed but show their highest expression in the connecting cilia of rod and cone photoreceptors. Of reported RPGR mutations, 55% occur in a glutamic acid‐rich domain within exon ORF15, which accounts for only 31% of the protein. RPGR forms complexes with a variety of other proteins and appears to have a role in microtubular organization and transport between photoreceptor inner and outer segments. Hum Mutat 28(4), 322–328, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The human genome: an introduction.

The Oncologist 2001;6:100-109 www.TheOncologist. com Correspondence: Jeroen Aerssens, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacogenomics, Janssen Research Foundation, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium. Telephone: 32-14-606146; Fax: 32-14-607162; e-mail: jaerssen@janbe.jnj. com Received September 29, 2000; accepted for publication November 28, 2000. ©AlphaMed Press 1083-7159/2001/$5.00/0 The Oncologist Fundamentals of Cancer Medicine
Human norovirus binding to select bacteria representative of the human gut microbiota

Recent reports describe the ability of select bacterial strains to bind human norovirus, although the specificity of such interactions is unknown. The purpose of this work was to determine if a select group of bacterial species representative of human gut microbiota bind to human norovirus, and if so, to characterize the intensity and location of that binding. The bacteria screened included naturally occurring strains isolated from human stool (Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Bacillus spp., Enterococcus faecium and Hafnia alvei) and select reference strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter cloacae). Binding in PBS was evaluated to three human norovirus strains (GII.4 New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012, GI.6) and two surrogate viruses (Tulane virus and Turnip Crinkle Virus (TCV)) using a suspension assay format linked to RT-qPCR for quantification. The impact of different overnight culture media prior to washing on binding efficiency in PBS was also evaluated, and binding was visualized using transmission electron microscopy. All bacteria tested bound the representative human norovirus strains with high efficiency (<1 log10 of input virus remained unbound or <10% unbound and >90% binding efficiency) (p>0.05); there was selective binding for Tulane virus and no binding observed for TCV. Binding efficiency was highest when bacteria were cultured in minimal media (<1 log10 of input virus remained unbound, so >90% bound), but notably decreased when cultured in enriched media (1–3 log10 unbound or 0.01 –<90% bound)) (p<0.05). The norovirus-bacteria binding occurred around the outer cell surfaces and pili structures, without apparent localization. The findings reported here further elucidate and inform the dynamics between human noroviruses and enteric bacteria with implications for norovirus pathogenesis.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING BUSINESS ONLINE ENTREPENEURS IN CHOOSING DELIVERY SERVICE

Abstract: The development of technology and information to make millennial society now began to change the way shopping that initially shop conventionally to shop online, The rapid growth of e-commerce market share in Indonesia is already no doubt. With the number of internet users reaching the number 82 million people or about 30% of the total population in Indonesia, the e-commerce market into a gold mine is very tempting for some people who can see the potential for the future. This growth is supported by data from the Minister of Communications which states that the value of e-commerce transactions in 2013 reached Rp130 trillion, so that online business is now starting to grow and many people become online business, this makes the online business requires a service delivery right to send the goods to the buyer, there are some companies that are well known delivery service delivery by the community such as TIKI (Titipan Kilat), JNE, SICEPAT, J & T EXPRESS, in this study researchers conducted a survey of 34 respondents of online business and in this study researchers only choose 2 companies that have TIKI brand image and J & T Express company which is a startup company that is in demand by online business, the aspect that will be compared between 2 companies is Brand Image, Price, Kind of Service, Service Quality, & Service innovation with comparative TIKI results Brand and J & T express at an affordable price.
Academic Metrics and Positioning Strategies

Abstract Since the 1980s, higher education institutions in many developed Western countries have been facing competition for resources, have undergone economic rationalisation, adopted a New Public Management style of performance management and aspired to meet global standards of quality. This chapter explores the self-tracking practices of academic institutions and workers as they negotiate a field that has moved away from a quality evaluation system based primarily on social reputation towards one based increasingly on quantified outcome indicators. Universities typically measure research performance not only in terms of quantity of outputs but also the ‘attention capital’ they receive, for example, the number of citations or awards and prizes. These metrics and the emphasis on attention capital generally encourage a culture of competition rather than collaboration, while promoting the ‘celebrification’ of academic life. We argue that this trend has been intensified by technologies that gamify research achievements, continuously update citation and ‘read’ counts, and promote networked reputation. Under these conditions, academic institutions and workers have attempted to pursue a variety of positioning strategies that represent different degrees of conformity, resistance and compromise to the power of metrics.
Economic Performance of Robotic Milking

Usage of robotic milking systems is increasing more and more to decrease labor input and to enhance life quality of dairy farmers. Over 35.000 milking robots are operational on dairy farms around the world today, heading by West Europe, United States of America, Canada and Australia. According to a study on 2016, there are 54 milking robots in 21 farms in Turkey. Its adaptation rate in Turkey is slow because usage of robotic milking systems (RMS) is new and there is not enough information about economic performance of robotic milking systems against conventional milking systems (CMS). In this paper, literature about economics of robotic milking was reviewed to compare with conventional milking systems. Data of investment cost, labor input, energy consumption, feed cost, milking frequency, milk yield and net income criteria’s from 33 studies on 13 different countries between 1998-2017 were compiled as a table. According to the table, comparison was done for each criteria by years and recommendations for future were done.
Modelling Multiple Robots in Space: An Adaptive Eco-Grammar System

We present a multi-robot model suitable for study of interactions and emergence of rational behavior. We focus on a grammatical approach, and to demonstrate its advantages, we design a model of an adaptive multi-robot community in terms of eco-grammar systems. We show that this grammatical model, based on the blackbord architecture, can naturally involve reinforcement collective learning. We test two learning algorithms in a common environment with almost reactive co-operating robots. Experimental results show that using the grammatical model, the robot community can be successfully trained to find a close-to-optimal solution to a given NP-complete task of a truss construction.
The Pricing of IPO by Investment Banks and Venture Capital: A Theoretical Model

The venture capitalists provide supervision and certification service for shareholding enterprises, which reduce the information asymmetry and attract more high quality investment banks. Thus, the price is close to the market price when the enterprise enters the market and under-pricing is avoided thereby. Based on the supervision and certification hypothesis, this paper builds a pricing model of investment banks and venture capital to explain the pricing mechanism of investment bank, investment risk pricing mechanism and the causes of underpricing.
Estimation of children's reading ability by fusion of automatic pronunciation verification and fluency detection

Pronunciation verification of children’s reading is a difficult task in itself, but automatic reading assessment software must also detect and evaluate other phenomena that influence human evaluators. Using an isolated word-reading task, we first show that humans use both pronunciation correctness (accuracy) and fluency information in their assessment of the reading ability of kindergarten to second grade children. Next, we used disfluency-specialized grammars and trained a Bayesian Network to automatically classify the fluency and accuracy of an utterance. Finally, we used these automatically determined scores to estimate evaluators’ scores of children’s reading ability with a 0.91 correlation.
Environmental chemical mutagens and genetic risks: Lessons from radiation genetics

The last three decades have witnessed substantial progress in the development and use of a variety of in vitro and in vivo assay systems for the testing of environmental chemicals which may pose a mutagenic hazard to humans. This is also true of basic studies in chemical mutagenesis on mechanisms, DNA repair, molecular dosimetry, structure-activity relationships, etc. However, the field of quantitative evaluation of genetic risks of environmental chemicals to humans is still in it infancy. This commentary addresses the question of how our experience in estimating genetic risks of exposure to ionizing radiation can be helpful in similar endeavors with environmental chemical mutagens. 24 refs., 3 tabs.