Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of kaempferol, quercetin, and its glycosides on amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity in C6 glial cell

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress by amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) of neuronal cell is the most cause of AD. In the present study, protective effects of several flavonoids such as kaempferol (K), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (KG), quercetin (Q) and quercetin3-β-D-glucoside (QG) from Aβ25-35 were investigated using C6 glial cell. Treatment of Aβ25-35 to C6 glial cell showed decrease of cell viability, while treatment of flavonoids such as Q and QG increased cell viability. In addition, treatment of flavonoids declined reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared with Aβ25-35induced control. The ROS production was increased by treatment of Aβ25-35 to 133.39%, while KG and QG at concentration of 1 μM decreased ROS production to 107.44 and 113.10%, respectively. To study mechanisms of protective effect of these flavonoids against Aβ25-35, the protein expression related to inflammation under Aβ25-35-induced C6 glial cell was investigated. The results showed that C6 glial cell under Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress up-regulated inflammation-related protein expressions. However, treatment of flavonoids led to reduction of protein expression such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β. Especially, treatment of KG and QG decreased more effectively inflammation-related protein expression than its aglycones, K and Q. Therefore, the present results indicated that K, Q and its glycosides attenuated Aβ25-35-induced neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation.
Oral and Periodontal Diseases in Consanguineous Marriages

Periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of supporting tissues of teeth characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontal manifestations of these genetic disorders or syndromes, such as familial and cyclic neutropenias, granulomatous disease, agranulocytosis, Langerhans’ cell disease, glycogen storage disease, hypophosphatasia, leucocyte adhesion deficiency, and Papillon‐Lefèvre, Chédiak‐Higashi, Cohen, Ehlers‐Danlos, Marfan, Down, Haim‐Munk, and Kindlers syndromes, imitate some types of periodontal diseases. Most of these syndromes have autosomal‐recessive characterization and can be seen commonly in consanguineous marriages. Therefore, consanguineous marriages have generally been accepted as having important detrimental effects on offspring. There is a lot of genetic research about consanguineous marriage and its detrimental effects on offspring. Although consanguineous marriages are common in the world, the relationship with oral and periodontal diseases has not been thoroughly investigated. We do not have enough of an understanding of the effects of consanguineous marriage on oral and periodontal diseases. In this chapter, previous studies in the literature related to this subject will be investigated and evaluated, and then this research will be related to oral and periodontal diseases. Therefore, this chapter will guide further research. The aim of this chapter is to show the relation between consanguineous marriages and oral‐periodontal diseases.
TREATMENT OF TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING VERTICAL FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND WITH PLANTED ALTERNANTHERA SESSILIS AND ZEA MAYS

1. Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India. 2. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 10 October 2019 Final Accepted: 12 November 2019 Published: December 2019
Design Fixation From Initial Examples: Provided Versus Self-Generated Ideas

Jansson and Smith (1991, “Design Fixation,” Des. Stud., 12(1), pp. 3–11) demonstrated that design fixation occurs when an example solution is provided along with a design problem. After seeing an example concept—even with its flaws pointed out—new designs often share its features. In Jansson and Smith’s studies, a control group saw no example and showed less fixation to the example provided only in the other group. However, another source of fixation from an initial example may arise in the control group from the designer’s own first-generated concept. We conducted a large-scale experiment with beginning engineers to investigate whether design fixation occurs even without seeing a provided example. Half of the participants saw an example solution and half were given no example; instead, they generated their own initial design. Next, all students were individually brainstormed ideas for 30 min. We analyzed both groups’ concepts for fixation on the first solution they saw—either the example provided or their own initial concept. The results showed that the students provided with an example concept experienced less fixation on the initial example than those in the control group, whose concepts were evaluated for similarity to their own initial concept. To consider whether fixation on initial examples (provided or self-generated) might be mitigated, we asked these students to complete a second (30 min) idea generation phase using Design Heuristics for idea inspiration. The results showed that both groups experienced less fixation during the second-generation phase. These findings suggest that fixation on first solutions occurs in individual idea generation arising from both provided examples and self-generated concepts. However, more divergent idea generation can be facilitated through the use of design tools, such as Design Heuristics, to mitigate the consequences of design fixation.
Identification of Technical Condition of Valve Clearance Compensators Using Vibration Measurement and Machine Learning

The dynamic development of internal combustion engine design and requirements for high reliability generates the need to apply a strategy of their operation based on the current technical condition. The paper concerns vibration diagnostics of automatic compensators of valve lash of a combustion engine. It presents the course of an active experiment conducted in order to develop a methodology for identifying the state of compensators based on measures of vibration signals measured at the engine head. Based on the results of the experiment, a classifier was developed in the form of a decision tree, which with high accuracy identified the technical condition of the compensators. The set of simple rules obtained thanks to the built up trees allows for easy implementation of the diagnostic system in practice.
Common Principles in Learning from Bees through to Humans

Although bees are separated from humans by about 600 million years with a common ancestor that had only a rudimentary nervous system, they still share over 60% of our Genome. Any commonly observed learning principles between bees and humans may be consequently either basal, or may have evolved in parallel due to their efficiency. While the universality of associative learning among the animal kingdom is well established, recent advances on honeybee’s cognition push further our understanding of shared mechanisms. Honeybees demonstrate the ability to prioritise information depending on context and the cost associated with making errors. Individual bees show evidence of having different heuristic approaches to solve complex tasks, and maintaining a diversity of cognitive strategies is also probably highly adaptive for group success. Bees can learn key numerosity abilities that humans acquire at school, such as the ability to add and subtract, understand the concept of zero and also how to link symbols with the specific numbers of items present. Such knowledge on bee cognitive-like processing serves as a source of inspiration for a better understanding of the biological roots of our intelligence, and may help shape educational theories or strategies to improve artificial intelligence efficiency.
Effectiveness of cell phone counseling on PMTCT retention and uptake of early infant diagnosis in Kisumu Kenya.

This study was designed to improve retention in care and promote adherence to ART among HIV-positive pregnant women to achieve favorable outcomes for the mother-child dyad in Kenya. Specifically evaluated was the effectiveness of a structured counselor-delivered cell phone counseling intervention to promote retention in care adherence to ARV prophylaxis/treatment and uptake of HIV testing of infants at six weeks for HIV-positive pregnant women compared to standard care. The secondary objective of the study was to assess the acceptability of implementing a counselor-delivered cell phone counseling strategy in Kenya. The study used a two-arm randomized controlled study design with study participants randomly assigned to one of two arms: i) Intervention: Structured counselor-delivered cell phone counseling; or ii) Control: Standard of care (treatment as usual) at participating health facilities. Newly diagnosed HIV-positive pregnant women or HIV-positive women who became pregnant while on ART were between 14 and 36 weeks of pregnancy were 16 years or older were willing and able to provide consent and were accessing PMTCT services were eligible to participate in the study. In conclusion the cell phone counseling intervention was effective in retaining study participants at all three time points (at delivery six weeks postpartum and 14 weeks postpartum). The ANC and PNC attendance rates and uptake of EID were also higher among participants in the intervention arm compared to the control arm. Cell phone counseling offers a practical approach to reach and retain HIV-positive pregnant mothers in care. (excerpt)
Sexual functioning of a sample of lesbian and gay parents who have children from heterosexual relationships: an exploratory study

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate sexuality in a sample of gay fathers and lesbian mothers with children from previous heterosexual relationships. In particular, we compared their sexual functioning in their respective homosexual and heterosexual relationships and explored possible related factors. Thirty-two self-identified lesbian women and 26 self-identified gay men (mean age 45.62 ± 8.88 years) participated. Internalized homophobia, sexual satisfaction, and sexual functioning were investigated. For women, moving from a heterosexual to a homosexual relationship decreased the prevalence of sexual problems (78.1% vs. 3.1%, respectively); however, for men, the frequencies remained unchanged, with the exception of low sexual desire (26.9% vs. 0.0%, respectively). Among gay fathers, current internalized homophobia levels were found to be associated with sexual functioning with same-sex partners, while awareness of sexual orientation at the time of marriage was associated with sexual functioning with opposite-sex partners. Among lesbian mothers, internalized homophobia at the time of marriage was associated with sexual functioning with opposite-sex partners. In general, not having revealed one’s homosexuality to one’s children was associated with worse sexual functioning. Understanding the impact of internalized homophobia on gay and lesbian parents’ sexual functioning can be useful for designing interventions for promoting sexual well-being.
Availability assessment of weather measurement stations

Weather measurement systems became an important tool for the ef- ficient operation of various economic activities. Automated irrigation systems, that improve agricultural productivity and reduce the consumption of water resources, relies on data collected by these systems, for example. Due to the inherent complexity of these systems (i.e. stations with multiple sensors communicating through multiple communication channels to cloud services), it is very important to have measures that clarify how faults behave allowing better planning of maintenance and establish a degree of systems reliability. This work presents a study of the availability of all meteorological stations of the National Institute of Meteorology-INMET installed in the Brazilian territory in the year 2017. The results present the first analysis of this parameter and serve both for academic and commercial users, as a form of measurement of these systems reliability, as well as for weather measurement infrastructure providers as a tool for improving the effectiveness of their maintenance policy and as a support for the strategic planning of new investments.
A Comparative Clinical Study on the Effect of Dhanyaka Kalka and Dhanyaka Avalehya with Anupana of Sharkara mixed Tandulodaka in Garbhini Chardi

Garbhini Chardi (vomiting in pregnancy) is a blazing issue in obstetric enactment. About 50-60% of all pregnant females agonize from vomiting in pregnancy most apparently in first trimester. If not tackled effectively before or in time, it may affect the quality of life of pregnant woman and pregnancy consequences. Ayurvedic classics have described many formulations for management of Garbhini Chardi. In this study Dhanyaka kalka and Dhanyaka Avaleha was taken both with Anupana of Sharkara mixed Tandulodaka. Aim: To compare the effect of Dhanyaka Kalka and Dhanyaka Avaleha with Anupana of Sharkara mixed with Tandulodaka in Garbhini Chardi. Materials and Methods: Single blind clinical study with preâ€‘test and postâ€‘test was designed. 60 patients complaining of Chardi in 1st trimester were randomly divided into the two groups: Group A and Group B, each comprising of 30 patients. Medicine used for Group A was Dhanyaka Kalka with Anupana of Sharkara Mixed Tandulodaka (rice, water or gruel) and medicine used for Group B was Dhanyaka Avaleha with Anupana of Sharkara mixed Tandulodaka. Those cases, which were in regular follow ups for 5 weeks were taken for clinical study. The criteria of assessment were mainly on the symptomatic relief. Intermediate follow ups were recorded at interval of two weeks. Results: In Group A, overall percentage relief in chief complains was calculated as 59.44% whereas in Group B this value was 66.5%. Conclusion: In present clinical study efficacy of Dhanyaka Avaleha has been proven beneficial in comparison to Dhanyaka Kalka. The trial drug is highly significant in the management of Garbhini Chardi. This study needs to be done on large scale and for longer duration.
Multi-Level-Memory Structures for Adaptive SPH Simulations

In this paper we introduce a novel hash map-based sparse data structure for highly adaptive Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations on GPUs. Our multi-level-memory structure is based on stacking multiple independent data structures, which can be created efﬁciently from the same particle data by utilizing self-similar particle orderings. Furthermore, we propose three neighbor list algorithms that improve performance, or signiﬁcantly reduce memory requirements, when compared to Verlet-lists for the overall simulation. Overall, our proposed method signiﬁcantly improves the performance of spatially adaptive methods, allows for the simulation of unbounded domains and reduces memory requirements without interfering with the simulation.
The Prevalence, Reasons, and Risk Factors for Hospital Readmissions Among Home Health Care Patients: A Systematic Review

Preventing hospital readmissions is one of the top priorities of the U.S. health care system. This systematic review examined the current evidence about hospital readmissions from home health care (HHC). Literature was searched in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligible studies were reviewed and evaluated using a validated tool. Eighteen articles were reviewed. Reported readmission rates and risk factors varied dramatically between studies. Reasons for readmissions were understudied. Findings of reviewed studies were limited by small sample sizes, single data source, and methodological flaws. Future studies should use multiple national data sources across patients’ care spectrum and advanced statistical models to identify who among HHC patients are most likely to be readmitted to hospital and for what reason.
Single-Cell Analysis of the 3D Topologies of Genomic Loci Using Genome Architecture Mapping

Although each cell within an organism contains a nearly identical genome sequence, the three-dimensional (3D) packing of the genome varies among individual cells, influencing cell-type-specific gene expression. Genome Architecture Mapping (GAM) is the first genome-wide experimental method for capturing 3D proximities between any number of genomic loci without ligation. GAM overcomes several limitations of 3C-based methods by sequencing DNA from a large collection of thin sections sliced from individual nuclei. The GAM technique measures locus co-segregation, extracts radial positions, infers chromatin compaction, requires small numbers of cells, does not depend on ligation, and provides rich single-cell information. However, previous analyses of GAM data focused exclusively on population averages, neglecting the variation in 3D topology among individual cells. We present the first single-cell analysis of GAM data, demonstrating that the slices from individual cells reveal intercellular heterogeneity in chromosome conformation. By simultaneously clustering both slices and genomic loci, we identify topological variation among single cells, including differential compaction of cell cycle genes. We also develop a geometric model of the nucleus, allowing prediction of the 3D positions of each slice. Using GAM data from mouse embryonic stem cells, we make new discoveries about the structure of the major mammalian histone gene locus, which is incorporated into the Histone Locus Body (HLB), including structural fluctuations and putative causal molecular mechanisms. Our methods are packaged as SluiceBox, a toolkit for mining GAM data. Our approach represents a new method of investigating variation in 3D genome topology among individual cells across space and time.
Bioactive coating as a surface modification technique for biocompatible metallic implants: a review

ABSTRACT Most high load-bearing implants are metallic alloys which contain toxic chemical components that might be released due to the corrosive environment of body fluids and load-bearing activity. Surface modification techniques do not guarantee biocompatibility. Hence, the bioactive surface of implants can be modified by coating the surface with a suitable material that addresses the needs of the patient. The choice and application process of the coatings should be determined based on the workability of the material and its physiochemical properties, such as the procedures involved and performance in avoiding removal of any desirable material properties that are helpful in the tissue regeneration process. Tailor-made coating materials prove very promising, as they might improve permanent implantations, make them more affordable and reduce the need for surgical revisions. The scope of the featured properties, such as addition of accelerated tissue regeneration, antibacterial properties and controlled release and removal of debris from the biological system to the metal implants makes coatings an ideal choice for surface modification of implants. This report reviews several options available for forming a biologically active layer over metallic surfaces that will interact with and produce desirable effects on host tissues.
Text mining for human resources competencies: Taiwan example

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the capabilities required by entry-level human resources (HR) professionals based on job advertisements by using text mining (TM) technique. Design/methodology/approach This study used TM techniques to explore the capabilities required by entry-level HR professionals based on job advertisements on HR agency 104’s website in Taiwan. Python was used to crawl the advertisements on the website, and 841 posts were collected. Next, the author used TM to explore and understand hidden trends and patterns in numerous data sets. Findings The results of this study revealed four critical success factors (specific skills, educational level, experience and specific capabilities), five clusters and ten classifications. Practical implications The results can aid HR curriculum developers and educators in customizing and improving HR education curricula, such that HR students can develop capabilities required to secure employment in the current HR job market. Originality/value Our results may facilitate the understanding of the current trends in the HR job market and provide useful suggestions to HR curriculum developers for improving training and professional course design, such that students’ competitiveness is enhanced and professional capabilities improved.
Exploring the impact of training on equitable access to employment: A gendered perspective of work release programs

Obtaining job relevant skills while incarcerated is an important component to overcoming the stigma of a criminal history when seeking employment. Using a focus group research design, we explored occupational roles and feelings of preparedness among men and women housed in work release facilities. We found: 1) women perceived their training to be of less value as compared to their male counterparts, 2) women and men perceived differences related to their receipt of employment assistance, 3) women and men differed in explanations of prior work experience, and 4) perceptual differences appeared to be affected by the frequency of incarceration.
Conceptualisation of the Three-Dimensional Matrix of Collaborative Knowledge Barriers

Nowadays, collaborative knowledge management (CKM) is well accepted as a decisive asset in the field of networked enterprises and supply chains. However, few knowledge management initiatives have been performed successfully because, in most cases, the barriers that hinder the CKM process are unknown and misunderstood. Currently, the research reveals different uni- and bi-dimensional barriers’ classifications, however multi-dimensional approaches provide a better view of the complexity in the area of CKM. Therefore, this paper proposes the three-dimensional matrix of collaborative knowledge barriers taking into account: (i) perspectives; (ii) levels and (iii) barriers blocks to provide a reference way to audit the CKM barriers, and thus, in further research, focus on the corrections and adjustments to guarantee the success while implementing a CKM project.