Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of neuronal migration disorders in neocortical structures: quantitative receptor autoradiography of ionotropic glutamate, GABAA and GABAB receptors

Epileptiform activity was previously described [ Luhmann et al. (1998 ) Eur.J. Neurosci. , 10, 3085–3094] in the neocortex of the adult rat following freeze lesioning of the newborn neocortex. After a survival time of 3 months, a small area of dysplastic cortex surrounded by histologically normal (exofocal) neocortex was observed. The dysplastic cortex is characterized by the formation of a small sulcus and a three‐ to four‐layered architecture. Two questions are addressed here: (i) is the hyperexcitability associated with changes in binding to major excitatory and inhibitory transmitter receptors in the dysplastic cortex? ; and (ii) do such changes also occur in the exofocal cortex?
Active Anti-Synchronization Between Identical and Distinctive Hyperchaotic Systems

This paper brings attention to hyperchaos anti-synchronization between two identical and distinctive hyperchaotic systems using active control theory. The sufficient conditions for achieving anti-synchronization of two high dimensional hyperchaotic systems is derived based on Lyapunov stability theory, where the controllers are designed by using the sum of relevant variables in hyperchaotic systems. Numerical results are presented to justify the theoretical analysis strategy.
Dyslexia: the link with visual deficits

Some research reports suggest that visual anomalies may have a causative role in dyslexia, and on this basis certain forms of therapy have been proposed. Recently, we have published the initial results of a matched group study which found dyslexia to be associated with binocular instability, reduced amplitude of accommodation, and reduced contrast sensitivity for both low spatial frequencies and uniform field flicker. The binocular instability was best identified by measuring the vergence amplitude: a modified Dunlop test failed to differentiate reliably between the two groups. Here, we report a significant correlation between flicker threshold and binocular instability, thus linking sensory and motor visual correlates of dyslexia. We also present further new analyses on the interaction between optometric variables and the psychometric measurement of coding skills. The results of these analyses disagree with a recent claim that binocular vision anomalies might cause poor performance at coding tasks. Our studies indicate that visual characteristics are not the major aetiological factors in specific reading difficulty.
Effects of Timber Harvest on Amphibian Populations: Understanding Mechanisms from Forest Experiments

Harvesting timber is a common form of land use that has the potential to cause declines in amphibian populations. It is essential to understand the behavior and fate of individuals and the resulting consequences for vital rates (birth, death, immigration, emigration) under different forest management conditions. We report on experimental studies conducted in three regions of the United States to identify mechanisms of responses by pond-breeding amphibians to timber harvest treatments. Our studies demonstrate that life stages related to oviposition and larval performance in the aquatic stage are sometimes affected positively by clearcutting, whereas effects on juvenile and adult terrestrial stages are mostly negative. Partial harvest treatments produced both positive and weaker negative responses than clearcut treatments. Mitigating the detrimental effects of canopy removal, higher surface temperature, and loss of soil-litter moisture in terrestrial habitats surrounding breeding ponds is critical to maintaining viable amphibian populations in managed forested landscapes.
Development and Validation of a Web-Based Screening Tool for Monitoring Cognitive Status

Objectives:We acquired normative data for an Internet neurocognitive screening tool, the Cognitive Stability Index (CSI), and investigated its validity both for initial assessment and for detecting significant change. Participants:Normative data on a nationally representative sample of 284 individuals aged 18 to 89. Validity data was obtained for outpatient groups of mild-to-moderate TBI, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and Alzheimer's disease. Results:The CSI subtests resolve to four factors: attention, processing speed, motor speed, and memory with acceptable psychometric properties. Patterns of scores obtained by three groups of patient-participants provided reasonable evidence of clinical validity for screening and monitoring change. Conclusions:An Internet-based system holds promise for applying complex statistical models for routine monitoring of cognitive function.
A communication network model of electric power trading systems using Web services

Many business models of power trading systems have been proposed to aim at load reduction by consumers cooperating with electric power suppliers in an electric power market. On the other hand, Web services are regarded as a new application paradigm in the world of the Internet. Then, we propose a network model of power trading systems using Web services in this paper. The adaptability of Web services to power trading systems was checked in the prototype of our network model and we got good results in our simulations. Each server provides functions as a SOAP (simple object access protocol) server, and it is coupled loosely with each other through SOAP. Storing SOAP message in HTTP packet can establish a penetration communication way that is not conscious of a firewall. Switching of dynamic servers is possible by means of rewriting the server point information.
Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: A Study on Human Resource Managers

Ozet: Stratejik insan kaynaklari yonetimi, insan kaynaklarinin isletme stratejileriyle uyumlu hale getirilmesini ve orgutteki insan kaynaginin yonetimini stratejik yonetim surecine entegre edilmesini esas alan bir yaklasimdir. Stratejik insan kaynaklari yonetiminin cesitli orgutsel degiskenlerle iliskisi, son yillarda onem kazanan konulardan biri olmustur. Bu calis- manin amaci, stratejik insan kaynaklari yonetiminin insan kaynaklari yoneticilerinin orgut- sel bagliligini ve is tatminini etkileyip etkilemedigini tespit etmektir. Arastirmanin modeli, is tatmin teorileri (is ozellikleri ve cift faktor teorisi) ve konuyla ilgili yapilan gorgul arastirma bulgularindan hareketle olusturulmustur. Arastirma hipotezleri, Istanbul'da cesitli sektorler- de faaliyet gosteren 28 buyuk olcekli isletmenin insan kaynaklari departmanlarinda calisan toplam 241 yoneticiden olusan bir orneklem uzerinde test edilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda; stratejik insan kaynaklari yonetimi, temin-gelistirme ve katilim-isgoren ile iletisim olarak ele alinan bagimsiz degiskenlerin, bagimli degiskenleri (orgutsel baglilik ve is tatmini) etkiledigi, ancak katilim-isgoren ile iletisim degiskeninin, is tatmini uzerindeki etkisinin digerlerine na- zaran goreli olarak daha fazla oldugu tespit edilmistir. Abstract: Strategic human resource management is an approach that adapts human resource to business strategies and integrates management of human resource of an organization into strategic management process. The relationship of strategic human resource management with other organizational variables has gained much attention in recently. The purpose of the present study was to find out whether strategic human resource management influences job satisfaction and organizational commitment of human resource managers. The research model was developed according to the job satisfaction theories (job characteristic and two-factor theory) and empirical research related to the issue. The research hypotheses were tested on sample composed of 241 human resource managers working in 28 larger firms running in various sector, Istanbul. As a result of study, it was found that independent variables which consisted of strategic human resource management, recruitment-development, and participation- communication with employees affected the dependent variables (job satisfaction and organizational commitment). However, impact of participation-communication with employees variable on job satisfaction was comparatively higher than the other variables.
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Cats in Rome, Italy, from 2001 to 2003

ABSTRACT We report expanded-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli from dogs and cats in Rome, Italy. Three major β-lactamases (CMY-2, SHV-12, and CTX-M-1) are reported for the first time in E. coli from sick and healthy dogs and cats. Molecular characterization suggests the presence of several combinations of β-lactamase genes in E. coli from companion animals.
BREAST MILK AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR POSTPARTUM PERINEAL CARE

Background: Perineal laceration during childbirth is very common among mothers; however some of them may suffer from its complication if not treated properly. Objective: To prove the effectiveness of breast milk as an alternative topical ingredient in the treatment of perineal wound in postpartum mothers. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group posttest only design. There were 30 respondents selected in this study, with 15 assigned in the intervention and control group. Accidental sampling was used to select the samples with the criteria that the respondents had perineal laceration in level 1 and 2. Data were analzed using Mann Whitney test. Results: Effective wound healing process can be seen in the intervention group from 80% of poor category in 6-10 hours (1 st period) of postpartum became 86.7% of good category in 7 days of postpartum (4 th period). Different from the control group that showed the slow progress of wound healing, which was 86.7% of poor category in the 1 st period to only 33.3% of good category in the 4 th period. Mann Whitney test showed that there was a significant mean difference of the perineal wound healing process between the intervention group (11.23) and the control group (19.77) with p-value 0.002 (<0.05). Conclusion: Breast milk was more effective than povidone iodine in the treatment of perineal wound. It is suggested for health workers, especially midwife to apply this intervention to accelerate the healing of perineal wound in midwifery care.
Operations planning and control in Finnish manufacturing networks

The objective was to identify how Finnish piece goods industry firms manage their supplier networks. The secondary objective was to analyse how information systems can support the planning and control of network operations. The research method used has been the collective case study and fifteen firms were selected to represent piece goods industry in Finland. The results obtained indicate that, in practice, planning and control of network operations still lag far behind the models presented in literature. It might not be far from the truth to say that the developments of management principles in supplier networks are based on piecemeal efforts. In addition, collaborative planning of the whole network was seen as uninteresting. Most companies based their network operations on the idea that a supplier is always able to deliver goods and services as ordered. The strategy of network management and development was in most cases either non-existent or at least ambiguously expressed. The development of modern network management and full utilisation of the benefits that are offered by network manufacturing would call for a clearly expressed and widely accepted strategy in the future. The most important criterion for information systems development is profitability. In the environment studied, where multiple sourcing is usual and suppliers have many customers, the development of advanced supply chain management applications is perhaps more complicated.
Point mutations in the N-terminal domain of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) compromise its stability, dimerization, and functions

Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) performs multiple tasks in mRNA processing, transport, and translational regulation, but it also forms aggregates implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. TDP-43's N-terminal domain (NTD) is important for these activities and dysfunctions; however, there is an open debate about whether or not it adopts a specifically folded, stable structure. Here, we studied NTD mutations designed to destabilize its structure utilizing NMR and fluorescence spectroscopies, analytical ultracentrifugation, splicing assays, and cell microscopy. The substitutions V31R and T32R abolished TDP-43 activity in splicing and aggregation processes, and even the rather mild L28A mutation severely destabilized the NTD, drastically reducing TDP-43's in vitro splicing activity and inducing aberrant localization and aggregation in cells. These findings strongly support the idea that a stably folded NTD is essential for correct TDP-43 function. The stably folded NTD also promotes dimerization, which is pertinent to the protein's activities and pathological aggregation, and we present an atomic-level structural model for the TDP-43 dimer based on NMR data. Leu-27 is evolutionarily well conserved even though it is exposed in the monomeric NTD. We found here that Leu-27 is buried in the dimer and that the L27A mutation promotes monomerization. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the structural and biological properties of the TDP-43 NTD, indicating that the NTD must be stably folded for TDP-43's physiological functions, and has implications for understanding the mechanisms promoting the pathological aggregation of this protein.
Combining statistical independence testing, visual attribute selection and automated analysis to find relevant attributes for classification

We present an iterative strategy for finding a relevant subset of attributes for the purpose of classification in high-dimensional, heterogeneous data sets. The attribute subset is used for the construction of a classifier function. In order to cope with the challenge of scalability, the analysis is split into an overview of all attributes and a detailed analysis of small groups of attributes. The overview provides generic information on statistical dependencies between attributes. With this information the user can select groups of attributes and an analytical method for their detailed analysis. The detailed analysis involves the identification of redundant attributes (via classification or regression) and the creation of summarizing attributes (via clustering or dimension reduction). Our strategy does not prescribe specific analytical methods. Instead, we recursively combine the results of different methods to find or generate a subset of attributes to use for classification.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Metabolic Traits Reveals Novel Gene-Metabolite-Disease Links

Metabolic traits are molecular phenotypes that can drive clinical phenotypes and may predict disease progression. Here, we report results from a metabolome- and genome-wide association study on 1H-NMR urine metabolic profiles. The study was conducted within an untargeted approach, employing a novel method for compound identification. From our discovery cohort of 835 Caucasian individuals who participated in the CoLaus study, we identified 139 suggestively significant (P<5×10−8) and independent associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and metabolome features. Fifty-six of these associations replicated in the TasteSensomics cohort, comprising 601 individuals from São Paulo of vastly diverse ethnic background. They correspond to eleven gene-metabolite associations, six of which had been previously identified in the urine metabolome and three in the serum metabolome. Our key novel findings are the associations of two SNPs with NMR spectral signatures pointing to fucose (rs492602, P = 6.9×10−44) and lysine (rs8101881, P = 1.2×10−33), respectively. Fine-mapping of the first locus pinpointed the FUT2 gene, which encodes a fucosyltransferase enzyme and has previously been associated with Crohn's disease. This implicates fucose as a potential prognostic disease marker, for which there is already published evidence from a mouse model. The second SNP lies within the SLC7A9 gene, rare mutations of which have been linked to severe kidney damage. The replication of previous associations and our new discoveries demonstrate the potential of untargeted metabolomics GWAS to robustly identify molecular disease markers.
Reliability of self-reported age of substance involvement onset.

The authors investigated the reliability of self-reported age of onset (AO) for alcohol, tobacco (cigarette), and illicit drug involvement. Participants were 410 young adults taking part in an 11-year longitudinal study. A moderate degree of reliability was found for the 3 substances. Despite this level of stability, results illustrate a tendency for reported AOs to increase over time. The trend is more salient for participants who reported younger AOs at the initial assessment. Findings also indicate that, for alcohol and tobacco, more individuals were classified as early onset based on Year 1 compared with Year 11 reports. Despite these systematic changes, at least for alcohol and illicit drugs, age at which onset was assessed did not moderate the association between AO and substance-related outcomes.
Preventing obesity in India: Weighing the options

DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.91174 Obesity is a vexing problem in the developed economies. [1,2] For developing countries like India, morbid obesity has not yet become a public health priority. Why is this so? Well, the reasons are still far from clear. Probably, India is, in our own eyes, still a country of poverty, hunger and malnutrition. Yet, statistics suggest otherwise. India is one of the capitals of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. India’s economy is, by all accounts, better poised to withstand the recessionary trends seen across the major nations of the globe, making it less poor and more “wealthy. ” Yet, it is this very wealth which brings with it an unwanted epidemic of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Development brings with itself urbanization and reduction in physical activity. It also fuels inflation, which reduces access to increasingly expensive fruits and vegetables. And, while the rural poor may continue to accrue the benefits of physical activities, the urban poor will be at a relative disadvantage – how will they be able to afford going to the fitness centers that continue to offer health and succor to the urban elite?
Retransmission in the network-coding-based packet network

In this paper, retransmission strategies of the network-coding-based packet network are investigated. We propose two retransmission strategies, the packet-loss-edge-based retransmission strategy (PLERT) and the minimum retransmission strategy (MRT), which focus on optimizing the retransmission efficiency without the constraint on the encoding field size. We compared the performances of the proposed retransmission strategies with the traditional automatic repeat-request (ARQ) strategy and the random retransmission strategy. Simulation results showed that the PLERT strategy works well when the packet loss rate is small. Among these retransmission strategies, the performance of the MRT strategy is the best at the cost of the high complexity that is still polynomial. Furthermore, neither of the proposed strategies is sensitive to the encoding field size.
Doing sequence analysis with your printer

The software package RSVP (Rapid Sequence Visualization in PostScript) has a suite of visually oriented sequence analysis routines implemented entirely in the page description language PostScript, a widely used standard that is built into many printers. RSVP is thus a relatively platform-independent tool for providing a 'quick look' at sequence data, using form and color to help point out patterns, in advance of more sophisticated sequence analyses.
Toxicity of pesticides to aquatic microorganisms: A review

Microorganisms contribute significantly to primary production, nutrient cycling, and decomposition in estuarine ecosystems; therefore, detrimental effects of pesticides on microbial species may have subsequent impacts on higher trophic levels. Pesticides may affect estuarine microorganisms via spills, runoff, and drift. Both the structure and the function of microbial communities may be impaired by pesticide toxicity. Pesticides may also be metabolized or bioaccumulated by microorganisms. Mechanisms of toxicity vary, depending on the type of pesticide and the microbial species exposed. Herbicides are generally most toxic to phototrophic microorganisms, exhibiting toxicity by disrupting photosynthesis. Atrazine is the most widely used and most extensively studied herbicide. Toxic effects of organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides on microbial species have also been demonstrated, although their mechanisms of toxicity in such nontarget species remain unclear. There is a great deal of variability in the toxicity of even a single pesticide among microbial species. When attempting to predict the toxicity of pesticides in estuarine ecosystems, effects of pesticide mixtures and interactions with nutrients should be considered. The toxicity of pesticides to aquatic microorganisms, especially bacteria and protozoa, is an area of research requiring further study.
Kinetic studies on the interaction of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (Pittsburgh) with trypsin-like serine proteinases.

The rates of interaction of a number of serine proteinases with a mutant form of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (referred to as alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (Pittsburgh)), in which a methionine-358 to arginine-358 mutation has occurred, have been determined. An approximately 6,000-fold increase in the second order association rate constant with human thrombin was observed (48 M-1 X s-1 for the normal protein to 3.1 X 10(5) M-1 X s-1 for the arginine mutant), confirming previously observed data using bovine thrombin (Owen, M.C., Brennan, S.O., Lewis, J.H. & Carrell, R.W. (1983) New England J. Med. 309, 694-698). However, substantial increases in the rates of association with other trypsin-like enzymes were also noted, indicating that the replacement of methionine by a basic residue affects all serine proteinases with this kind of specificity. There was a marked decrease in the rates of interaction of the Pittsburgh mutant with both human neutrophil elastase and porcine pancreatic elastase, the inhibitor being converted into lower molecular mass fragments after interaction with either enzyme. Butanedione caused a substantial loss in the inhibitory activity of the arginine mutant, while having no effect on the normal protein. These data, when compared to those previously reported for differences in reaction rates between normal and oxidized alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (Beatty, K., Bieth, J. & Travis, J. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 3931-3934), are consistent with the interpretation that the amino acid in the P1-position at the reactive site of this protein has a marked effect on determining its primary specificity.
The Development of Brand Loyalty

The experiment reported here examines the growth of brand loyalty in a setting where there is no prior consumer knowledge about any of the available brands. Search behavior precedes the development of brand loyalty, which grows to measurable strength despite the virtual identity of the available brands, suggesting that some consumers are prone to brand-loyal behavior.