Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examiner accuracy in cognitive testing in multisite brain-tumor clinical trials: an analysis from the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology.

Background Cognitive function is an important outcome in brain-tumor clinical trials. Cognitive examiners are often needed across multiple sites, many of whom have no prior testing experience. To ensure quality, we looked at examiner errors in administering a commonly used cognitive test battery, determined whether the errors were correctable upon central review, and considered whether the same errors would be detected using onsite electronic data entry. Methods We looked at 500 cognitive exams administered for brain-tumor trials led by the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (Alliance). Of 2277 tests examined, 32 noncorrectable errors were detected with routine central review (1.4% of tests administered), and thus removed from the database of the respective trial. The invalidation rate for each test was 0.8% for each part of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, 0.8% for Controlled Oral Word Association, 1.8% for Trail Making Test-A and 2.6% for Trail Making Test-B. It was estimated that, with onsite data entry and no central review, 4.9% of the tests entered would have uncorrected errors and 1.3% of entered tests would be frankly invalid but not removed. Conclusions Cognitive test results are useful and robust outcome measures for brain-tumor clinical trials. Error rates are extremely low, and almost all are correctable with central review of scoring, which is easy to accomplish. We caution that many errors could be missed if onsite electronic entry is utilized instead of central review, and it would be important to mitigate the risk of invalid scores being entered. ClinicalTrialsgov identifiers NCT01781468 (Alliance A221101), NCT01372774 (NCCTG N107C), NCT00731731 (NCCTG N0874), and NCT00887146 (NCCTG N0577).
Mixed Methods Research in Library and Information Science: A Methodological Review

Abstract Objective - To review mixed methods research trends in the field of library and information science (LIS). In particular, we examine the extent to which research about or using mixed methods has been occurring in library and information science over the past decade (2008-2018), and how much of that mixed methods research is done in health contexts. Methods - We conducted a methodological review and analysis of mixed methods research (MMR) in LIS for published articles indexed in LISTA and Web of Science. After deduplication and verification for inclusion, we coded 417 articles to identify contributions using or about MMR. Given the connections between evidence based practice in health and LIS, we also identified whether articles about or using mixed methods were health-focused. Results - We found MMR to be a tiny proportion (less than 0.5%) of the overall LIS research literature. In terms of observable trends, while contributions about MMR remain fairly static, there has been an increase in articles using mixed methods. Of the 417 included articles, 373 (89.5%) primarily used mixed methods and 44 (10.5%) were primarily about MMR. Results also demonstrated that health-related research both using and about mixed methods has a strong presence in the LIS literature, with 136 published articles (32.6% of the total). Conclusion - Confirming findings of prior analyses of research methods in LIS, our methodological review shows current opportunities to adopt and expand the use of mixed methods research processes. Further contributions about mixed methods research, and ideally connecting research and practice in LIS, are needed. Despite the small proportion of MMR in LIS research, there is an observable increase in the number of publications using mixed methods during this timeframe. The LIS research community can promote additional growth by leveraging this momentum around using mixed methods, and look to translate lessons learned about mixed methods research and practice in health contexts to other LIS settings. Recommendations include developing educational opportunities and learning resources that facilitate wider engagement with MMR in LIS contexts.
Defining the Creole City by Walking: The Case of La Réunion

ABSTRACT This paper presents exploratory work to understand the characterisation of the ‘Creole city’ inLa Réunion, through an analysis of three renovated districts. The purpose is to inform urbanrenewal programmes so that they take better account of local lifestyles and needs. Theresearch on representations and symbols involves a method to collect and analyse data thatcombines in situ situations and a strong day-to-day approach, namely, walking. This method,that may be used elsewhere, reveals the functioning qualities of traditional Creole cities as anurbanity that is adapted to its environment, and based on proximity and soft transport modes.
Development of Topical/Transdermal Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems, Not as Simple as Expected

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) originated as an oral lipid-based drug delivery system with the sole purpose of improving delivery of highly lipophilic drugs. However, the revolutionary drug delivery possibilities presented by these uniquely simplified systems in terms of muco-adhesiveness and zeta-potential changing capacity lead the way forward to ground-breaking research. Contrarily, SEDDSs destined for topical/transdermal drug delivery have received limited attention. Therefore, this review is focused at utilising principles, established during development of oral SEDDSs, and tailoring them to fit evaluation strategies for an optimised topical/transdermal drug delivery vehicle. This includes a detailed discussion of how the authentic pseudo-ternary phase diagram is employed to predict phase behaviour to find the self-emulsification region most suitable for formulating topical/transdermal SEDDSs. Additionally, special attention is given to the manner of characterising oral SEDDSs compared to topical/transdermal SEDDSs, since absorption within the gastrointestinal tract and the multi-layered nature of the skin are two completely diverse drug delivery territories. Despite the advantages of the topical/transdermal drug administration route, certain challenges such as the relatively undiscovered field of skin metabolomics as well as the obstacles of choosing excipients wisely to establish skin penetration enhancement might prevail. Therefore, development of topical/transdermal SEDDSs might be more complicated than expected.
Recent progress in high-performance photo-detectors enabled by the pulsed laser deposition technology

In the past decade, photo-detectors have been demonstrated to have very important applications in image sensing, optical communication, fire detection, environmental monitoring, space exploration, safety detection, and many other scientific research and industrial technology fields and are regarded as the key components of wearable devices. Compared to traditional fabrication approaches, pulsed-laser deposition (PLD)-grown materials for photo-detectors offer several merits. First, PLD is a clean physical vapor deposition approach. A stoichiometric amount of atoms can be transferred from the target to the substrate, avoiding complicated and potentially dangerous chemical reactions. Furthermore, the PLD process is carried out in a high-vacuum environment. Therefore, almost no contaminants, such as catalysts, precursors, surfactants and by-products, will be introduced. Also, the thickness of the films can be controlled by simply manipulating the energy and pulse number of the pulsed laser. Furthermore, the fabrication temperature is relatively low, which is available to deposit materials on various substrates, even flexible ones. Most importantly, PLD is a deposition technology with large area coverage, which can produce centimeter-scale thin films, the planar geometry of which has significant potential for compact device integration with modern semiconductor techniques. Consequently, this review introduces the recent advances on the materials, fabrication, and application of pulsed-laser deposition for a variety of high-performance photo-detectors from an overall perspective. Moreover, the challenges and future development trends are discussed.
Intended and Unintended Effects of Banning Menthol Cigarettes

Bans on menthol cigarettes have been adopted throughout the European Union, proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration, and enacted by legislatures in Massachusetts and California. Yet there is very limited evidence on their effects using real-world policy variation. We study the intended and unintended effects of menthol cigarette bans in Canada, where seven provinces banned them prior to a nationwide ban in 2018. Difference-in-differences models using national survey data return no evidence that provincial menthol cigarette bans affected overall smoking rates for youths or adults. Although menthol cigarette smoking fell for both youths and adults, youths increased nonmenthol cigarette smoking, and adults shifted cigarette purchases to unregulated First Nations reserves. Our results demonstrate the importance of accounting for substitution and evasion responses in the design of stricter tobacco regulations.
Ratio of EPC and CEC as Endotel Dysfunction Predictor in High Risk Group with Farmingham Risk Score 10 Years Category

Research background. Circulating Endothelial Cells (CEC) is a reflection of endothelial damage or endothelial stress, increasing of CEC amount depend on endothelial mechanism, edothelial adhesivity damage and cellular apoptosis as a result of decreasing sitoskleleton function. If higher exposure affects the increasing of CEC amount,VEGF other growth factor mediators will be reflected as endothelial stress manifestation which roles in the increasing of re-population and Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) differentiation. Endothelial Progenitor Cells is a mononuclear cell (a part of stem cell) that could change to be mature endothel and roles in reedothelialisation and neovascularisation. This research aimed to investigate the ratio of EPC : CEC in risk group through Framingham Risk Score (FRS) 10 years approach as endothelial dysfunction predictor. Research method and result. There were 55 research subjects whom taken by FRS scoring and devided into some risk groups and two control groups. They were control group I (health) and control group II (sick). Base blood was taken to every each of them to analyze their EPC and CEC with Flowcytometry. EPC was analyzed by CD34 Per CP Santa Cruz SC-19621 and CD 133 FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) Bioss bs-0395R-FITCmarker. WhileCEC was analyzed CD45 FITC Biolegend 202205 dan CD 146 PE Biolegend 134704 marker. Result showed, there was significant ratio differences of EPC : CEC in those six groups which was proven by p-value 0.032< α (0.05). The higher ratio was in high risk group (139.06). Conclusion. Research showed that EPC amount was increase related to the increasing of high risk level according to FRS 10 years, but its increasing did not followed by its ability to homing in injury area as role part in re-endothelialisation process. It found that EPC amount was higher in high risk group than in low risk group.
Chemical Short Range Order Strengthening in a Model FCC High Entropy Alloy

Abstract In order to understand the role of chemical short-range order on deformation mechanisms in FCC compositionally complex alloys, a random model alloy (Co30-Fe16.67-Ni36.67-Ti16.67) is annealed at various temperatures using Hybrid Molecular-dynamics/Monte-Carlo simulations. The simulations produce significant chemical short-range order (CSRO) that increases with decreasing annealing temperature. Annealing tends to homogenize regions of high enthalpy due to: (1) chemical species redistributing into more compact configurations, and (2) pairs of atoms forming chemical bonds that lower the overall energy of the system; the composition explored here shows significant amount of ordering in Ti-Fe pairs with respect to random distributions as described by pairwise (EAM) potentials due to Johnson and Zhou. An energy topology approach is used to assess the local strengthening behavior in random solid solutions and annealed systems, where an interesting interplay is observed between misfit components and chemical short-range order affecting the overall critical resolved shear stress. The role of short-range order on the critical yield stress is quantified and compared with current solid solution models. Finally, we propose and validate an extension to the Labusch-Varvenne class of high-concentration solid-solution analytic models that incorporates the effects of chemical short range order.
A Brief Review of Salivary Biomarkers as Stress Indicators in Sport and Exercise

DURING TRAINING AND COMPETITION, ATHLETES ARE SUBJECTED TO PHYSICAL LOADS THAT MAY CREATE LEVELS OF STRESS AND FATIGUE. THE SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF THIS FATIGUE, THROUGH APPROPRIATE PERIODIZATION, CAN ENHANCE PERFORMANCE AND WELL-BEING. TO ACHIEVE THIS, THE PRACTITIONER MUST HAVE A THOROUGH UNDERSTANDING OF FATIGUE. THE USE OF SALIVARY SAMPLES TO ANALYZE BIOMARKERS, SUCH AS IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, CORTISOL, AND ALPHA-AMYLASE, HAVE BEEN PROPOSED AS USEFUL MEASURES OF IDENTIFYING ATHLETE FATIGUE AND HEALTH STATUS. THE RESULTS FROM SALIVARY ANALYSIS CAN SUBSEQUENTLY BE USED TO MONITOR ATHLETE LOAD TO OPTIMIZE RECOVERY AND PROMOTE POSITIVE ADAPTATIONS AND ENHANCE ATHLETE HEALTH STATUS.
Evidence based cardiovascular risk assessment: Role of global risk scoring, biomarkers and subclinical disease evaluation

The accurate evaluation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in asymptomatic adults is a challenging task. While a basic medical history and standard laboratory tests can provide a rough estimate of risk factor burden, such an estimate is only a rough approximation of risk as many persons suffering CVD events do not necessarily have multiple risk factors, and conversely many who do have multiple risk factors will never suffer a CVD event. In order to best identify asymptomatic persons at risk for future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, it is important to understand the guidelines for CVD risk assessment and evidence-based methods for evaluation of risk in asymptomatic individuals. In this review, we will 1) discuss the role and limitations of global risk assessment, 2) review the evidence and recommendations for biomarkers in CVD risk assessment, and 3) review the evidence and recommendations for subclinical disease evaluation / imaging in CVD risk assessment.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Meslek Kararı Verme Yetkinliğinin Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu calismanin amaci ortaokul ogrencilerinin meslek karari verme yetkinligi duzeyini cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi, anne-baba egitim duzeyi ve kendini akademik olarak algilama duzeyi degiskenleri acisindan incelemektir. Bu calisma 2015-2016 egitim-ogretim yili Samsun Ili Atakum Ilcesinde ogrenim goren 7. ve 8. sinif toplam 459 ortaokul ogrencisi uzerinde yapilmistir. Calismada veri toplama araci olarak Bacanli (2004) tarafindan gelistirilen Meslek Karari Verme Yetkinligi Olcegi (MKVYO) ve arastirmaci tarafindan hazirlanan Kisisel Bilgiler Formu kullanilmistir. Veriler SPSS 20.00 paket programiyla analiz edilmistir. Verilerin normallik dagilimlari incelenmistir. Verilerin analizinde iliskisiz orneklemler t testi, tek yonlu varyans analizi(ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis H testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanilmistir. Farkin hangi gruplar arasinda oldugunu belirlemek icin Tukey testi analiz teknigi kullanilmistir. Verilerin istatistiksel olarak degerlendirilmesinde . 05 hata seviyesi dikkate alinmistir. Arastirma sonucunda ortaokul ogrencilerin meslek karari verme yetkinliginin cinsiyet, sinif, anne-baba egitim duzeyi ve akademik olarak kendini algilama duzeyleri acisindan anlamli farklilik gosterdigi tespit edilmistir. Meslek Karari verme yetkinligi acisindan kiz ogrencilerin erkek ogrencilerden daha yuksek oldugu, 7. sinif ogrencilerinin 8. sinif ogrencilerinden daha yuksek oldugu gorulmustur. Anne-baba egitim duzeyine gore egitim seviyesi yuksek olanlar ile dusuk egitim seviyesi gruplar arasinda farkliliklar vardir. Akademik basari algisina gore gruplar arasinda anlamli farkliliklar vardir. Elde edilen veriler literatur isiginda yorumlanmis ve oneriler gelistirilmistir .
Mechanische Thoraxkompressionsgeräte Schritt für Schritt

Eine kardiopulmonale Reanimation (CPR) ist eine physisch wie psychisch fordernde Situation für das gesamte Rettungsteam. Die korrekte Durchführung der Thoraxkompressionen als Qualitätsindikator einer „high-quality CPR“ kann durch äußere Umstände (z. B. Patiententransport) oder notwendige technische Untersuchungen (z. B. Koronarangiografie) nicht nur deutlich erschwert werden, sondern auch gesundheitliche Risiken (z. B. Unfallgefahr, Strahlenbelastung) für die Helfer bedeuten. Besonders in derartigen Situationen stellen mechanische Thoraxkompressionsgeräte qualitativ hochwertige Thoraxkompressionen sicher, ohne das Personal körperlich zu belasten. Ein genereller Überlebensvorteil durch die Verwendung dieser Devices bei Patienten mit Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand im Vergleich zur manuellen Thoraxkompression konnte bisher nicht gezeigt werden [1–5]. So wird in den aktuellen Reanimationsleitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) von 2015 keine Empfehlung zum routinemäßigen Einsatz dieser Hilfsmittel ausgesprochen [1]. Sie sind jedoch als Alternative für jene Situationen verankert, in denen hochqualitative Thoraxkompressionen manuell nicht zu erbringen sind oder deren Ausführung für die Helfer gefährlich ist (z.B. während des Patiententransports) [1].
Assessment of Scapular Muscle Strength and Lumbar CoreStrength in Gymers. A Case Control Study

Purpose: Shoulder pain and back ache are two most common problems emerging among the gym goers. Hence the objectives were to assess the scapular muscle strength and lumbar core strength in gym goers and normal individuals. Method: It was a case control study done on 50 gym goers and 50 age, weight and height matched non gym goers. Both the groups were assessed for scapular muscle strength using the scapular load test and lumbar core strength using pressure biofeedback. Scapular load test was measured in standing at 0°, 45°, 90° and 180° at superior angle of the scapula, spine of the scapula and inferior angle of the scapula. The core strength was measured in supine by drawing in maneuver. Results: There was a significant difference present in the scapular position between gym goers and non gym goers at all angles of shoulder abduction, i.e. 0°,45°, 90° and 180° at all scapular positions with p ≤ 0.05, but scapular dyskinesia was evident at 180° at superior angle, 90° and 180°at spine of scapula and 45°, 90° and 180° at inferior angle of scapula. Also, there was weakness of lumbar core muscles in gym goers as compared to non-gym goers with p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a scapular muscle weakness and lumbar core muscle weakness in gym goers, hence it is important to include core muscle strengthening exercises in the regular gym protocols.
Physiological Analysis of Middle-Aged and Old Former Athletes

Blood lipids, red cell volume, heart volume, dynamic spirometry, electrocardiograms made at rest and during exercise, and maximal oxygen uptake were determined in 29 former athletes 45 to 70 years old. The subjects had been very successful competitors in endurance events before the age of 30, but for at least 10 years preceding this study had been sedentary. Maximal oxygen uptake averaged 40 ml/kg/min which is 20% higher than that of sedentary middle-aged men but 25% lower than that of still active athletes of the same ages. Vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, and maximal voluntary ventilation showed normal values. Heart volume was large in relation to maximal oxygen uptake and was of the same magnitude as in still active athletes. Red cell volume was also large in relation to maximal oxygen uptake, but normal in relation to the body weight. Cholesterol in serum averaged 260 mg/100 ml. Values for neutral fat averaged 1.6 mM, which was higher than that for still active athletes. In the athletes still.
Fault Detection and Identification of Blast Furnace Ironmaking Process Using the Gated Recurrent Unit Network

It is of critical importance to keep a steady operation in the blast furnace to facilitate the production of high quality hot metal. In order to monitor the state of blast furnace, this article proposes a fault detection and identification method based on the multidimensional Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) network, which is a kind of recurrent neural network and is highly effective in handling process dynamics. Comparing to conventional recurrent neural networks, GRU has a simpler structure and involves fewer parameters. In fault detection, a moving window approach is applied and a GRU model is constructed for each process variable to generate a series of residuals, which is further monitored using the support vector data description (SVDD) method. Once a fault is detected, fault identification is performed using the contribution analysis. Application to a real blast furnace fault shows that the proposed method is effective.
Investigation of Dual-Flow Deep Learning Models LSTM-FCN and GRU-FCN Efficiency against Single-Flow CNN Models for the Host-Based Intrusion and Malware Detection Task on Univariate Times Series Data

Intrusion and malware detection tasks on a host level are a critical part of the overall information security infrastructure of a modern enterprise. While classical host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) and antivirus (AV) approaches are based on change monitoring of critical files and malware signatures, respectively, some recent research, utilizing relatively vanilla deep learning (DL) methods, has demonstrated promising anomaly-based detection results that already have practical applicability due low false positive rate (FPR). More complex DL methods typically provide better results in natural language processing and image recognition tasks. In this paper, we analyze applicability of more complex dual-flow DL methods, such as long short-term memory fully convolutional network (LSTM-FCN), gated recurrent unit (GRU)-FCN, and several others, for the task specified on the attack-caused Windows OS system calls traces dataset (AWSCTD) and compare it with vanilla single-flow convolutional neural network (CNN) models. The results obtained do not demonstrate any advantages of dual-flow models while processing univariate times series data and introducing unnecessary level of complexity, increasing training, and anomaly detection time, which is crucial in the intrusion containment process. On the other hand, the newly tested AWSCTD-CNN-static (S) single-flow model demonstrated three times better training and testing times, preserving the high detection accuracy.
Machine Learning Classification of Rainfall Types Based on the Differential Attenuation of Multiple Frequency Microwave Links

This article proposes a new rainfall-type classification method using the differential attenuation rates (DARs) calculated from microwave links with multiple frequencies and dual polarization. Several machine-learning algorithms were employed for classification [decision tree (DT), probabilistic neural network (PNN), Gaussian discriminant analysis (GDA), and logistic regression (LR)]. This method was simulated by two or three frequencies (combination of frequencies of 15, 25, 38, 60, and 80 GHz). The results showed that DT, PNN, GDA, and LR achieved maximum accuracies of 88.9%, 84.6%, 66.8%, and 67.6% for the dual-frequency model, respectively, and 89.6%, 85.8%, 67.6%, and 68.7% for the tri-frequency model, respectively, which is obviously better than the classification method based on the sequence of rain rates from the ITU-R model. The model accuracies based on GDA and LR algorithms are obviously lower than those based on DT and PNN due to the defects of the algorithms. In addition, the effects of different noise levels on classification performance are also discussed.