Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of Faults in Sensor Readings with Statistical Pattern Recognition

In wireless sensor networks, frequent faults are caused by general characteristics and the direct exposure to the environment. Accumulation of these faults can lead to the progressive decrease of reliability and accuracy of sensor readings. We focus on detection and classification of faults within sensory data independently of the underlying cause. We propose a complete and consistent fault classification based on two aspects. The first aspect is continuity and frequency of the occurrence, and the second is the existence of observable and learnable patterns. Given that modeling of faults prior to the detection is a fundamental process, we address it with statistical analysis and theoretical approach. We rely on centralized and straightforward detection methods using neighborhood vote. For the full classification phase, we propose the use of statistical pattern recognition with a priori modeling of faults. Current results show that this method works comparatively well when applied to collected data in data centric dense wireless sensor network. Keywords-Fault Tolerance; Wireless Sensor Networks; Pattern Recognition; Faults Classification
Nervous Organs in the Pericardial Cavity of the Decapod Crustacea

In the pericardial cavity of the decapod Crustacea the nerve fibres end in characteristic neuropile-like networks which surround bundles of thicker fibres or spread over the pericardium wall and the heart ligaments. It is proposed to designate the whole system of these elements as 'pericardial organs'. The arrangement of the elements constituting the pericardial organs varies in different groups of the Decapoda. In the Brachyura the bundles of fibres surrounded by neuropiles form conspicuous trunks linked with each other; the main parts of these trunks are situated at the openings of the branchiocardiac veins into the pericardial cavity. In Eupagurus bernhardus two main trunks flank the heart giving off branches which spread in various directions and form at some places plexuses on the pericardium wall. In Leander serratus the pericardial organs are represented by several trunks running near the lateral wall of the pericardium in the dorsal direction and uniting by archshaped branches. In Homarus vulgaris there are four comparatively much shorter trunks situated at the lateral wall of the pericardial cavity, but plexuses of neuropile-like nerve fibres spread over large areas. The trunks of the pericardial organs are suspended in the pericardial cavity in such a position that they may be bathed on all sides by the blood passing from the gills. The plexuses extending over the membranes are situated in places also exposed to the blood stream. There is evidence indicating that the pericardial organs produce substances influencing the heart-rhythm. It is assumed that these substances are liberated into the blood by a process of neurosecretion occurring at the terminations of the nerves.
The Manufacture of Corporate Social Responsibility: Constructing Corporate Sensibility

This paper develops a framework for differentiating between mere image and substance in corporate claims to social responsibility. The paper begins by drawing upon the work of Levinas to explore the nature of responsibility and ethical sensibility. It then explores four versions of corporate social responsibility (CSR): the conditions under which CSR is squeezed out by the dominance of financial pressures; the embrace of CSR as a form of public relations so as to allow business to continue as usual; the adoption within the firm of new forms of measurement and incentives to motivate increased attention to the ethical, social and environmental impacts; and finally CSR as a dialogue across the corporate boundary with those most vulnerable to the effects of corporate conduct. The paper concludes by exploring the complex relationships between these different versions of CSR.
Hot-Die Forging of P/M Ni-Base Superalloys

Hot die forging was evaluated as a process for producing acceptable grain structures in P/M nickel base superalloy RenC 88DT. Laboratory and subscale experiments were carried out, and grain sizes in the range IO-20pm were produced after supersolvus heat treatment. There were some issues with die fill and cracking. Further process improvements would be required for successful implementation.
Cascaded H-Bridge Seven Level Inverter using Carrier Phase Shifted PWM with Reduced DC sources

This paper presents a multi level inverter with seven level voltage generation scheme using cascaded H-bridge MLI topology utilizing reduced number of DC sources. By utilizing switched capacitor methodology the number of DC sources required to generate seven levels is minimized. Three numbers of H-bridges are employed in seven level generations where only one dc source is used and in the remaining bridges only capacitors are used along with a unidirectional switch for capacitor charging. This paper utilizes a multi carrier PWM technique based on phase shifted carrier for generating pulses to get seven level output. This paper also discusses the switching schemes for charging switches used and there is a small dip in efficiency of this inverter due to the existence of power loss which occurs during charging and discharging the capacitors. The advantage of this inverter is it can produce an output voltage higher than the input voltage in the ratio 1:3 and also the output voltage have lesser harmonics than conventional square and quasi square wave inverters due to multilevel output voltage. The proposed multi level inverter using single DC source and three cascaded h bridges using carrier phase shifted sine PWM technique is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink platform and merits of the proposed inverter system is verified through simulations.
Regional Economic Disparities as Determinants of Students' Achievement in Italy

We use a statistical (multilevel) approach to study the relationship between Math Scores and individual-level and school-level factors. The sample contains data about 21,336 students sorted into 163 schools. Our results show that students attending schools in Northern Italy outperform their counterparts in the South. Moreover, the between-schools variance is much higher in Southern Italy than in Northern Italy, albeit it is not due to student sorting based on different socio-economic status (SES), as suggested by the traditional literature in this field. Finally, between-schools variance actually masks achievement differentials due to the different economic development of the Regions.
and health : the social determinants of health : lessons from the case of Roma in Hungary

Roma are, all over the world, a particularly segregated and unhealthy minority group. The causes of poor health among Roma people will be analysed to find out if such causes are ethnically-related or, rather, socially-determined. A comparison between Roma health status and the health condition of the general population will point to the main differences, showing to what extent Roma suffer from health inequalities. The study will provide evidence and reliable information on the most important social determinants responsible for the health status of the Roma community in Hungary, such as poverty; low education; employment; discrimination; segregation; poor and unhealthy housing; relationships between health care providers and Roma patients; the unequal distribution of power, money and resources; and the burdens in accessing health care services. The relation between health condition and socio-economic status will be analysed to understand whether social determinants of health are sufficient fully to explain the poorer health status of Roma in Hungary.
Sources of Volatility in Small Economies

Do sources of volatility differ by country characteristics such as the level of development, country size, quality of institutions, and presence of restrictions on fiscal policy? This paper sets out to answer this question in a quarterly panel of 48 developed and developing countries for 1960-2015. Using individual country and panel vector autoregressions, the paper shows that factors affecting gross domestic product volatility differ systematically by country size, development level, and whether a country has adopted fiscal rule(s). The role of country size is particularly pronounced in developing countries. The paper shows that small developing countries are more prone to domestic output shocks, while shocks to the world interest rate and real exchange rate are more important in large developing countries. Small countries are also more susceptible to terms of trade shocks. These results suggest that stabilization policies must be designed with these country characteristics in mind.
Sverdrup and Nonlinear Dynamics of the Pacific Equatorial Currents

Abstract The Sverdrup circulation in the tropical Pacific is constructed from satellite scatterometer winds, compared with measured ocean currents, and diagnosed in an ocean GCM. Previous depictions of the Sverdrup circulation near the equator have shown only weak vertically integrated flows; here it is shown that the actual transports are not weak. This discrepancy could be due either to inaccuracies in the wind forcing or to Sverdrup dynamics being too simple in this region. Scatterometer winds show a strip of positive curl along the SST front north of the equator in the eastern Pacific that is due to wind speed changes induced by the front. Including that additional element of curl forcing greatly improves the realism of the Sverdrup representation, but the magnitudes of the equatorial transport are still too small by a factor of about 2. Although the nonlinear (advective and friction) terms are small in the model momentum balance, they are O(1) in the vorticity balance, especially because their meridi.
Oxygen Isotopic Evolution in the Early Solar Nebula: Interpretation of the Small Oxygen Isotopic Variation of Chondrules

Oxygen isotopic systematics observed in chondritic components provides important clues to elucidate physical and chemical processes occurred in the early solar nebula. Chondrules have O-isotopic composition similar to those of terrestrial materials with small variation. In contrast, CAIs, the oldest minerals formed in the early solar nebula, have anomalously 16 O-rich composition [1]. A plausible explanation for the origin of the systematics is enhancement of 16 O-poor H2O concentration in the initially 16 O-rich inner solar nebula [2]. The 16 O-poor H2O is produced by isotope-selective photodissociation of CO in the parent molecular cloud and stored as icy mantle on silicate dust in the cold outer part of the nebula. The ice-coated dust particles drift inward due to nebula gas drag [3] and releases water vapor at the hot inner nebula. As a result, the 16 O-poor H2O concentrates with time and the mean O-isotopic composition of the inner nebula evolves to be 16 O-poor. This model is consistent with the large variation between CAIs and chondrules, however, not likely to explain the small O-isotopic variation of chondrules because H2O concentration is expected to be temporally and spatially heterogeneous during chondrule formation. In this study, we suggest a process which is overlooked in the previous study and possibly explains the small variation of chondrules; i.e., enhancement of silicate dust concentration in the inner nebula. Collision experiment of the nebula dust analogous implies that the typical size of dust particles would be determined by the adhesive properties of them [4]. Because silicate is less sticky than H2O ice, dust particles would be refined after evaporation of icy mantle. The size of silicate dust is theoretically estimated to be ~ sub-millimeter, which is interestingly comparable to that of typical chondrules. Such small dust particles are well coupled with the nebula gas motion and hardly drift inward. Thus concentration of silicate dust would also be enhanced almost same degree as that of H2O in the inner nebula. The most important consequence of this model is that, in case the concentration of H2O and silicate dust is enhanced >~ 5 times larger than the solar abundance, the mean O-isotopic composition of the inner nebula is almost determined as the weighted mean of O-isotopic composition of H2O and silicate in the solar abundance ratio; i.e., independent for their concentration. This suggests that temporal and spatial variation of concentration of H2O little affects on the mean O-isotopic composition of the inner nebula as long as the enhancement is sufficiently large. Numerical simulation on the evolution of concentration of H2O and silicate dust using typical properties of observed protoplanetary disks confirms that such large enhancement is sustained during chondrule formation in the inner nebula. Thus, the small O-isotopic variation of chondrules would be reproduced in our model.
Effects of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy on body composition and constitution

Obesity is a chronic disease of modern times that is not just a cosmetic problem but a bio-social-psychological problem especially, which means that obese individuals have, apart from their medical problems, also social and psychological problems. They often suffer from depression, low self esteem and difficulties in the job market field. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of physical activity and the modification of nutrition patterns on the somatic parameters in STOB courses (the courses for weight loss and obesity reduction) in women at the age of 20-60 years (n = 114). The standardised anthropometrical methods were used to determine the basic somatic indexes - body weight and height, risk indexes and central obesity indexes, body composition according to Pařizkova, and Matiegka and bioelectric impedance methods (QuadScan 4000; Tanita BC 418-MA). Women were divided into the groups according to age decennary. Women were measured at the beginning and at the end of the course, which lasted 12 weeks. STOB courses are led by professionals who are involved not only in physical activity but also in modification of nutrition and food intake patterns. In the groups as a whole, the BMI reached the average values of 31.34 in the initial examination, although the maximal value exceeded the limit of morbid obesity, which is 47.56. On the basis of the BMI categorisation by WHO, only 7.5% of women were in the "standard" category and 57% were obese, of which 5% were morbidly obese. According to the evaluation of subcutaneous adipose tissue using Matiegka methodology, 57.5% had more than 30% fat content, of which 28.75% was in the category of over 40% fat. The values of the centrality index, which are the ratio of the individual skin folds on the trunk and on the extremities and it shows the distribution of fat, reached values from 1.3 to 1.5. These values demonstrate the disproportional distribution of fat, with a dominancy of subcutaneous fat on the trunk. The centrality indexes correlate with WHR values and confirmed the distribution of fat was confirmed, particularly on the trunk part in comparison to the lower extremities - thus we are looking at the abdominal type of obesity. When the course had been completed, all methods used confirmed significant changes - lowering of body weight, BMI and the amount of adipose tissue in all age groups. The evaluation of the average values of circumferential dimensions showed a reduction in waist and hip circumference, in abdominal and gluteal circumferences, and eventually in the lower extremities' circumferences. A significant lowering of the endomorphic component was found in all age categories. Movement and exercise therapy in combination with changes of dietary regimes within the framework of STOB body weight reduction courses has a nearly 15 year tradition in the Czech Republic and has had significant effects on its clients' somatic condition.
E-Consumers' Attitude and Behaviour in the Online Commodities Market

This paper investigates the factors determining e-consumers re-purchasing behaviour in the e-business to consumer market. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is used as a theoretical framework to interpret consumers’ behaviour in the online environment and to study the antecedents of e-purchasing decisions. This study adopted a quantitative methodological approach within the context of the online CD, Books, music, magazines and DVDs purchasing industry, surveying 211 consumers with prior purchasing experience in this range of products. The questionnaires were designed using local focus groups from a similar population to identify the most salient beliefs influencing consumers’ attitude towards e-purchasing. Notably, these beliefs were found to be ‘trust’, ‘security’ and ‘convenience’. The survey’s results (n=211), revealed that consumers’ attitude towards past e-purchases had significant impact on their intent to re-purchase and that the consumers’ experience with an e-brand significantly affected their beliefs regarding the importance of trust, security and convenience in the online environment.
A homage to homology : patterns of copepod evolution

Lack of attention to determining the homology of character states is recognized as being responsible for the ever increasing numbers of phylogenetic schemes for the Crustacea that appear and disappear so rapidly. Detailed study of musculature, segmentation and setation of the limbs of all 10 orders of copepods revealed numerous phylogenetically informative characters, based on segmental fusion patterns and the presence of individually identified setation elements. Simple counts of limb segments (or of setae) were found to be virtually useless for constructing phylogenies in the copepods. This conclusion can probably be extended to other crustacean groups.
Phonon-mediated decay of metal surface states

We present results of a theoretical investigation of the phonon-mediated decay of metal surface states. The calculated energy- and temperature-dependent lifetime broadening of a hole as well as the electron-phonon coupling parameter for the surface-state band on Al~100! ,A g~111! ,C u~111! and Au~111! are given. A detailed analysis of the Eliashberg spectral function shows that the intraband scattering is of minor importance for these systems. The surface Rayleigh phonon mode is shown to be crucial for the surface-state decay on the noble metal surfaces, in particular for energies close to the Fermi level where the Rayleigh mode is responsible for the major part of the phonon induced lifetime broadening.
Teaching Case: Analysis of an Electronic Voting System

This teaching case discusses the analysis of an electronic voting system. The development of the case was motivated by research into information security and management, but as it includes procedural aspects, organizational structure and personnel, it is a suitable basis for all aspects of systems analysis, planning and design tasks. The material is based on real life analysis of currently used electronic voting systems, which have been generalized so as to highlight the wider issues and to not identify with any particular implementation of electronic voting. Suggested project deliverables are described in the teaching case, and these are complemented by the associated teaching notes which detail sample solutions and discussion points for class.
Trans-scale Granular Modelling of Cytoskeleton: aMini-Review

Free to read Living cells are the functional unit of organs that controls reactions to their exterior. However, the mechanics of living cells can be difficult to characterize due to the crypticity of their microscale structures and associated dynamic cellular processes. Fortunately, multiscale modelling provides a powerful simulation tool that can be used to study the mechanical properties of these soft hierarchical, biological systems. This paper reviews recent developments in hierarchical multiscale modeling technique that aimed at understanding cytoskeleton mechanics. Discussions are expanded with respects to cytoskeletal components including: intermediate filaments, microtubules and microfilament networks. The mechanical performance of difference cytoskeleton components are discussed with respect to their structural and material properties. Explicit granular simulation methods are adopted with different coarse-grained strategies for these cytoskeleton components and the simulation details are introduced in this review.
Repurposing of Modified Alpidem and Propoxyphene to Cure AURKA, BCAS1, GNAS and MLH1 Gene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer

Background: Colorectal cancer is a varied illness with an expected heritability of 25–30%. Many CRC disorders occur because of solid family history, a high penetrance of the infection, and developing various tumors at an early age. A few novel genes are recognized that shows associations with CRC, such as AURKA, BCAS1, GNAS and MLH1. Material and methods: In this research work FDA rejected Alpidem and Propoxyphene were selected. Drugs were changed on the basis of side effects; modified drugs were docked with AURKA, BCAS1, GNAS and MLH1 proteins and QSAR analysis was performed. Results: Docked and QSAR results demonstrated the better interaction of both modified Alpidem and Propoxyphene along with proteins of CRC causing genes. The toxicity value and side-effects of modified Alpidem and modified Propoxyphene are less than original drugs. Conclusion: The fewer side effects and docking results of both modified Alpidem and Propoxyphene suggest that both the drugs can be used to cure mutations of genes in colorectal cancer as both modified drugs have fewer side-effects and toxicity, as compared to original drugs, both drugs have demonstrated greater interactions with the amino acid residues lying in the pockets of mutated proteins that demonstrates their stability and soundness.
Very High Frequency Power Switching: A Road Map To Envelope Tracking

RF (Radio Frequency) GaN transistors may be used for power switching at frequencies of 30 MHz and above, thereby reaching voltage control bandwidth of critical interest for the so-called ET (Envelope Tracking) technique. ET is meant at optimising the efficiency of RF amplifiers by supplying them with a voltage adapted to their power level at any time, and is the subject of many R&D works worldwide. The present paper provides an overview on the different activities run at the European Space Agency so far in this context, and present the possible way-forward to embark ET on future spacecraft.
The lattice point counting problem on the Heisenberg groups

We consider the radial and Heisenberg-homogeneous norms on the Heisenberg groups given by $N_{\alpha,A}((z,t)) = \left(|z|^\alpha + A |t|^{\alpha/2}\right)^{1/\alpha}$, for $\alpha \ge 2$ and $A>0$. This natural family includes the canonical Cygan-Kor\'anyi norm, corresponding to $\alpha =4$. We study the lattice points counting problem on the Heisenberg groups, namely establish an error estimate for the number of points that the lattice of integral points has in a ball of large radius $R$. The exponent we establish for the error in the case $\alpha=2$ is the best possible, in all dimensions.
Period-tripling subharmonic oscillations in a driven superconducting resonator

We have observed period-tripling subharmonic oscillations in a driven superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator operated in the quantum regime, kappa T-B << hw. The resonator is terminated by a tunable inductance that provides a Kerr-type nonlinearity. We detected the output field quadratures at frequencies near the fundamental mode, omega/2 pi similar to 5 GHz, when driving the resonator with a current at 3 omega, with amplitude exceeding an instability threshold. We observed three stable radiative states with equal amplitudes, phase shifted by 2 pi/3 rad, red detuned from the fundamental mode. The down-conversion from 3 omega to omega is strongly enhanced by near- resonant excitation of the second mode of the resonator and the cross- Kerr effect. Our experimental results are in quantitative agreement with a model for the driven dynamics of two coupled modes.