Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: Long-term real-time characterisation of the
submicronic aerosol and its atmospheric dynamic in a Mediterranean
coastal city: Tracking the polluted events at the Marseille-Longchamp
supersite

Abstract. A supersite was recently implemented in Marseille to conduct intensive and advanced measurement studies for ambient aerosols. A Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ToF-ACSM) was deployed to investigate the chemical composition of submicronic aerosol over a 14-month period (1 February 2017–13 April 2018). Parallel measurements were performed with an Aethalometer, an ultrafine particle monitor and a suite of instruments to monitor regulated pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NOx, O3 and SO2). The averaged PM1 chemical composition over the period was dominated by organics (49.7 %) and black carbon (17.1 %) while sulfate accounted for 14.6 %, nitrate for 10.2 %, ammonium for 7.9 % and chloride for 0.5 % only. Wintertime was found to be the season contributing the most to the annual PM1 mass concentration (30 %), followed by autumn (26 %), summer (24 %) and spring (20 %). During this season, OA and BC concentrations were found to contribute to 32 % and 31 % of their annual concentrations, respectively, as a combined result of heavy urban traffic, high emissions from residential heating, open combustion of green wastes and low planetary boundary layer (PBL) height. In summer, sulfate contribution to PM1 increased with an average and a maximum contribution to the PM1 of 24 % and 66 %. This is partly due to local photochemical production from its precursor SO2, locally emitted by shipping and industrial activities and advected to the city under sea breeze conditions. Results from backtrajectory cluster analysis suggest that, besides local anthropogenic activities, Mediterranean long-range transport contributes the most to the enrichment of the sulfate fraction. Another important feature of the summer season is that half of the most intense SO2 peaks happen at that time of the year and are associated to higher UFPs number. The fifteen days exceeding the target daily PM2.5 concentration value recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) occurred during the cold period (late autumn-early spring). These episodes contribute to an increase of 6.5 % of the annual PM1 concentration. Local and long-range pollution episodes could be distinguished, accounting for 40 and 60 % of the exceedance days, respectively. Enhanced OA and BC concentrations, mostly originating from domestic wood burning under nocturnal land breeze conditions were observed during local pollution episodes, while high level of oxygenated OA and inorganic nitrate were associated to medium/long-range transported particles. In conclusion this supersite showed a high potential for the study of seasonality and pollution episodes phenomenology in Marseille over multiple geographic scales. The present paper highlights the significant contribution of regional transport of pollutants to the local air pollution that must be considered by local authorities in deploying effective PM abatement strategies.
Reconstitution of eukaryotic chromosomes and manipulation of DNA N6-methyladenine alters chromatin and gene expression

DNA N6-adenine methylation (6mA) has recently been reported in diverse eukaryotes, spanning unicellular organisms to metazoans. Yet the functional significance of 6mA remains elusive due to its low abundance, difficulty of manipulation within native DNA, and lack of understanding of eukaryotic 6mA writers. Here, we report a novel DNA 6mA methyltransferase in ciliates, termed MTA1. The enzyme contains an MT-A70 domain but is phylogenetically distinct from all known RNA and DNA methyltransferases. Disruption of MTA1 in vivo leads to the genome-wide loss of 6mA in asexually growing cells and abolishment of the consensus ApT dimethylated motif. Genes exhibit subtle changes in chromatin organization or RNA expression upon loss of 6mA, depending on their starting methylation level. Mutants fail to complete the sexual cycle, which normally coincides with a peak of MTA1 expression. Thus, MTA1 functions in a developmental stage-specific manner. We determine the impact of 6mA on chromatin organization in vitro by reconstructing complete, full-length ciliate chromosomes harboring 6mA in native or ectopic positions. Using these synthetic chromosomes, we show that 6mA directly disfavors nucleosomes in vitro in a local, quantitative manner, independent of DNA sequence. Furthermore, the chromatin remodeler ACF can overcome this effect. Our study identifies a novel MT-A70 protein necessary for eukaryotic 6mA methylation and defines the impact of 6mA on chromatin organization using epigenetically defined synthetic chromosomes. Highlights The MT-A70 protein MTA1 mediates DNA N6-adenine methylation in Oxytricha MTA1 mutants exhibit subtle changes in nucleosome organization and transcription in vivo 6mA directly disfavors nucleosome occupancy in natural and synthetic chromosomes in vitro De novo synthesis of complete, epigenetically defined Oxytricha chromosomes
Mussel production as a nutrient mitigation tool for improving marine water quality

: Longline mussel farming has been proposed as a tool to remove nutrients and counteract the negative effects of eutrophication in coastal waters. In this study, we use coupled 3D hydrodynamic and ecological modelling in combination with measurements from a full-scale mitigation farm to assess the environmental effects of mitigation cultures in Skive Fjord, Denmark, a shallow eutrophic estuary. The results show that mitigation cultures decrease chl a concentration and increase Secchi depth especially in the surroundings of the farms but also on a basin scale. Fecal production by the mussels increases sedimentation below the farms but reduces ambient sedimentation, resulting in a net decrease in sedimentation of organic material on a basin scale. Comparisons with nutrient load reduction scenarios indicate that nutrient removal by mitigation cultures have a higher short-term impact on water quality parameters (chl a , Secchi depth and sedimentation) than nutrient removal using land-based measures.
Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans DSM 26636: An Alternative for the Bioleaching of Metallic Burrs

Metallic wastes from the metal-mechanic industry represent a serious environmental problem. The possible strategies to reduce the metal content of these industrial wastes is their biotreatment by means of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such as Acidithioobacillus thiooxidans DSM 26636, which has been reported as an excellent metal-leaching microorganism by its capability to oxide sublimed sulfur and produce sulfuric acid in the presence of metallic burrs, and leach metals. The metallic composition of burrs was determined by ICP-OES before and after its exposure to biological treatment. The bioleaching process was kept for 21 days at 30 °C at an orbital shaking of 150 rev/min by using Erlenmeyer flasks of 125 mL containing 30 mL of Starkey-modified media added with 0.33 g (1% w/v) of sublimed sulfur and 0.33 g (1% w/v) of metal burrs, and 3 mL of inoculum at logarithmic phase. Results showed that A. thiooxidans was able to grow at these conditions with a maximum sulfate production of 11,028 mg/L, sulfuric acid corresponded to 0.16 M, but no statistical difference was observed for days 14 and 21. A reduction in pH was observed from 2.5 to 1.3 units. Metal bioleaching in mg/kg corresponded Fe (4658.5 ± 291), Cr (237 ± 46), Al (185 ± 12), Si (71 ± 10.3), Mo (63 ± 3.6), Mn (46 ± 3.3), V (18 ± 0.94), Mg (22.2 ± 3.7), Ni (15.8 ± 1.5), and Cu (5.7 ± 1.9). Results showed that A. thiooxidans DSM 26636 was able to grow in the presence of metal-containing wastes, and although metal removal was feasible, more studies are needed to enhance metal removal.
Numerical solution of two-dimensional Fredholm–Hammerstein integral equations on 2D irregular domains by using modified moving least-square method

In this work, we describe a numerical scheme based on modified moving least-square (MMLS) method for solving Fredholm–Hammerstein integral equations on 2D irregular domains. The moment matrix in moving least squares (MLS) method may be singular when the number of points in the local support domain is not enough. To overcome this problem, the MMLS method with non-singular moment matrix is used. The basic advantage of the proposed method does not require any adaptation of the nodal density in non-rectangular domain and the results converge more quickly to the exact solution. The error bound for the proposed method is provided. The new technique is examined in various integral equations and compared with the classical MLS method to show the accuracy and computational efficiency of the method.
Readiness model for DevOps implementation in software organizations

DevOps is a new software engineering paradigm adopted by various software organizations to develop the quality software within time and budget. The implementation of DevOps practices is critical, and there are no guidelines to assess and improve the DevOps activities in software organizations. Hence, there is a need to develop a readiness model for DevOps (RMDevOps) with an aim to assist the practitioners for implementation of DevOps practices in software firms. To achieve the study objective, we conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) study to identify the critical challenges and associated best practices of DevOps. A total of 18 challenges and 73 best practices were identified from the 69 primary studies. The identified challenges and best practices were further evaluated by conducting a survey with industry practitioners. The RMDevOps was developed based on other well‐established models in software engineering domain, for example, software process improvement readiness model (SPIRM) and software outsourcing vendor readiness model (SOVRM). Finally, case studies were conducted with three different organizations with an aim to validate the developed model. The results show that the RMDevOps is effective to assess and improve the DevOps practices in software organizations.
Sustentabilidad de los Emprendimientos a través de la Innovación en el Ecuador

The objective of this article is to carry out a literature review, where the relationship between the sustainability of enterprises through innovation would be identified, to generate a reflection on these topics. Starting from the qualitative technique of organized review where this study argues how these terms are related and the relevance they have in the permanence of businesses while detailing general aspects about their role for development and economic growth. Finally, it is concluded that innovation plays a fundamental role in undertakings so that they become sustainable over time and consequently generate higher income and contribute to the development of the country.
Analysis of various treatment modalities of herpetic lesions

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a debilitating infectious disease, often the root cause of all oral herpetic lesions. The oral herpes virus affects the individuals aesthetically, healthwise, and psychologically as well. The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the various treatment modalities practiced at the Department of Oral Medicine at Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai. A total of 64 participants were involved in the study conducted between the period of July 2019 - March 2020. The patients were receiving either of the following treatment: (i) Topical antivirals (ii) Topical anti-inflammatory or analgesics (iii) Systemic antivirals (iv) Systemic antipyretics (v) Supportive therapy if any. The result of the study conducted shows the prevalence of usage of 57% of topical antivirals, 12% of systemic antivirals, 12% of topical anti-inflammatory and analgesics, 13% of systemic antipyretics and 6% of supportive therapy. In conclusion, the topical antiviral drugs prescribed were of high prevalence. However, advising necessary supportive therapy can help in faster healing of the lesions.
Architectured Lattice Materials with Tunable Anisotropy: Design and Analysis of the Material Property Space with the Aid of Machine Learning

Architectured beam lattice materials whose anisotropy can be tuned by varying the composition of their elementary cell are investigated. As an exemplary prototype of such material architecture, a regular triangular lattice with an elementary cell composed of 12 beams is considered. One out of three possible values of the elastic modulus is assigned to each beam. The structure is fully defined by a vector in the 12D composition‐structure space whose components are given by the elastic modulus values of the beams comprising the elementary cell. The elastic properties of this 2D material are represented by the compliance elasticity tensor with six independent compliance coefficients. Aiming at a specific set of properties thus involves finding the point in the 12D composition‐structure space that corresponds to a given point in the 6D property space. This is a problem of large dimensionality. To solve it, the neural network approach is used. This enables creation of architectured materials with tunable elastic anisotropy. A chiral element combining large twist with additional anisotropy requirements is presented as an example of successful machine‐learning‐based optimization of beam lattices proposed.
SLEEC: a space station ambulance

The assembly of the International Space Station calls for many hundreds of hours of extra-vehicular activity (EVA), and for maintenance thereafter. Occupation will ultimately involve as many as eight residents at a time. This level of human activity introduces significant risk of injury or illness and the need to return the patient to Earth. This return must avoid delays in orbit and unnecessary physical stress to the patient. SLEEC22 is a novel kind of ‘space ambulance’ based in orbit that is intended to return a patient and attendant back to Earth in a gentle winged descent, restricting the peak g experienced to less than a tenth above normal ground–level values. It nonetheless allows a wider than usual ‘re–entry window’ that would permit a landing at any of an extensive choice of airfields. It makes use of a lightweight waverider wing with only shallow anhedral and ‘sharp’ metallic leading edges. Cooling of the structure, both exterior and interior, is effected by conduction–assisted radiation.
Recent progress in ternary organic solar cells based on solution-processed non-fullerene acceptors

The ternary blending strategy of introducing a third component into binary organic solar cells (BOSCs) is a feasible and efficient strategy to optimize the performance of BOSCs. Ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) have an adjustable absorption band for matching the solar light characteristics, easily adjustable photoelectric performance and tunable micro-morphology; therefore, they have become a hotspot in the field of OSC research. Currently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of TOSCs has been boosted over 17%. Herein, we give a review on the four possible working mechanisms of TOSCs, roles of the third component in TOSCs, recent progress made in different kinds of active layer materials of TOSCs based on solution-processed non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), and recent advances in large-area TOSCs and their long-term stability. This review can provide some guidance for the further development of TOSCs. Finally, to help researchers understand the future of TOSCs, the challenges and prospects of TOSCs based on solution-processible NFAs have been provided.
Agronomic Biofortification with Selenium in Tomato Crops (Solanum lycopersicon L. Mill)

Biofortification aims to increase the concentration of bioavailable elements in crops, to increase their nutritional quality. Selenium is a trace element of great impact on the antioxidant metabolism of plants and its accumulation is poor in species such as Solanum lycopersicon, so adding it is part of biofortification programs. The present work analyzes the capacity of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to increase the concentration of Selenium in tomatoes plants and fruits. For this, three treatments were applied (0, 2, and 5 mg L−1 of sodium selenite) using irrigation water as a vehicle. 40 days after transplanting, the accumulation of selenium and macronutrients in leaves, stems, and fruits was quantified, as well as their impact on tomato plant productivity. Agronomic variables such as height (cm), diameter (mm) of stems, number and weight (g) of fruits produced were determined. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and later, a Tukey mean comparison test was performed. An increase in the accumulation of Se was observed, being up to 53% in the fruits under the 5 mg L−1 treatment compared to the control. However, this increase did not have a noticeable impact on macronutrient content and tomato yield, but rather, contributed to the improvement of the nutritional quality of the tomato.
Structure, Function and Applications of a Classic Enzyme: Horseradish Peroxidase

An oxidation-reduction catalyzing enzyme i.e. peroxidases that are produced by numerous plants and microorganism are widely known in today’s world. This enzyme can catalyze peroxide based reactions. Novel types of aromatic polymers may result from the oxidative polymerization of aromatic amines and phenols by horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) present in water or water-soluble organic solvents. Besides, playing a potential role by the peroxidases in the soil detoxification, HRP, turnip and soybean peroxidases have also shown their significance in the bioremediation of cresols, phenols and chlorinated phenols contaminated water. Other types like manganese peroxidase (MnP) and Lignin Peroxidase (LiP) are of important use in paper industry for performing bio-bleaching and bio-pulping. These enzymes can also oxidatively breakdown the synthetic azo dyes. One of the major use of peroxidases are in analytical systems where peroxidase based biosensors are used for organic hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide determination. On the other hand, if co-immobilized with H 2 O 2 –producing enzyme, it can be used for determination of range of compounds e.g. alcohols, choline, glucose and glutamate. Furthermore, peroxidases are simple and trustworthy way of detecting pathogens, toxins and antigens in various analytes by labeling a pre applied antibody like in ELISA (enzyme immuno sorbent assay) and quantification of chemicals like glucose, lactose, uric acid and cholesterol that are its practical analytical applications in diagnostic kits.
The Importance of Promotion Costs and Training Costs for Islamic Rural Bank in Indonesia by BPRudent

This research tested the influence of Islamic Rural Bank promotion cost and training cost towards Islamic Rural Bank profitability in Indonesia. Research variable used promotion cost and training cost which were allocated by Islamic Rural Bank, while profitability used proxy Return on Asset (ROA). This research is explanatory research by using quantitative approach. Sampling technique conducted was quota sampling and it found 4 Islalmic Rural Bank in Indonesia period 2013-2017. Finding indicated that there was no influence promotion cost and training cost towards profitability of Islamic Rural Bank in Indonesia. Regression analysis conducted showed that Islamic Rural Bank could optimize education cost and training cost based on each division of Islamic Rural Bank and maximize promotion cost to introduce product and service in appropriate segment of long term so that each Islamic Rural Bank in Indonesia can present their company's performance to the maximum on the BPRudent Platform
A numerical algorithm based on scale-3 Haar wavelets for fractional advection dispersion equation

Purpose This paper aims to propose a novel approach based on uniform scale-3 Haar wavelets for unsteady state space fractional advection-dispersion partial differential equation which arises in complex network, fluid dynamics in porous media, biology, chemistry and biochemistry, electrode – electrolyte polarization, finance, system control, etc. Design/methodology/approach Scale-3 Haar wavelets are used to approximate the space and time variables. Scale-3 Haar wavelets converts the problems into linear system. After that Gauss elimination is used to find the wavelet coefficients. Findings A novel algorithm based on Haar wavelet for two-dimensional fractional partial differential equations is established. Error estimation has been derived by use of property of compactly supported orthonormality. The correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical arguments by numerical tests are confirmed. Originality/value Scale-3 Haar wavelets are used first time for these types of problems. Second, error analysis in new work in this direction.
The Efficacy of GeoGebra-Assisted Instruction on Students’ Drawing and Interpretations of Linear Functions

The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of GeoGebra assisted instruction on students’ achievement in drawing graphs of linear functions and interpretation of the representations of linear functions. These aspects of linear functions tend to pose a challenge to many students. The non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental research design was used in the study. The sample was 94 Grade 9 students from three secondary schools in a province in South Africa. Two schools formed the control groups and one school was the experimental group. Data were collected using achievement tests. The tests results were analysed using inferential statistics (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U comparison tests) at 0.05 level of significance. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups with respect to drawing and interpretation of linear functions graphs with the experimental group obtaining the highest mean scores. The findings suggest that GeoGebra assisted instruction might be a way of enhancing students’ ability to draw the graphs of linear functions and analyse and interpret the representations of linear functions.
Macroeconomic volatility of Turkey in comparison with South Africa and developed countries

The purpose of this study is to investigate the business cycle volatility of Turkish economy using the quarterly data over the period 1961:Q1 to 2018:Q4 and to determine the smoothing parameter, λ, of HP filter for annual frequency of observations. The macroeconomic variables such as import, investment and export are more volatile followed by government spending; while consumption and real GDP are less volatile. Price in Turkey is highly volatile, which is about four times as volatile as the average price volatility of South Africa, Japan and USA. Output, consumption and investment in Turkey are twice as volatile as the average volatility of South Africa, Japan and USA. Import and export are more volatile in emerging economies as compared to developed countries. The trend component of annual frequency with λ_annual=6.25 is practically identical to the trend component of the quarterly data with λ_quarterly=1600. In Turkish economy, investment, consumption, import, export, and government spending are procyclical; price and inflation are countercyclical; whereas, the share of government consumption in output is acyclical. Key words: Business cycle, correlation, Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filters, macroeconomic variables, volatility.