Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A influência da natação no desempenho do triathlon: implicações para o treinamento e competição. DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n2p232

Triathlon is a sport that involves three different exercise modes, swimming, cycling and running, each of which contributes differently to the triathlete's performance. The objective of the present study was to analyze the factors that determine performance in swimming and how this can be used in triathletes' training and competitions. We searched articles on triathlon swimming using the following keywords in Portuguese: "triathlon," "triatleta," "performance na natacao," and their translations into English when necessary. Swimming is considered the most intense phase during a triathlon event. In short triathlon races, the intensity of this phase seems to be higher than the anaerobic threshold. The split time of this first phase seems to correlate positively with final time of the short races, which is not true for longer races. During the short and Olympic triathlon, the pacing strategy adopted at the swimming phase seems to directly influence the final outcome of the race. Thus, the planning of training loads within the three exercise modes of triathlon must take into consideration the distance and format of the races to achieve success.
Three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of red giant stars: semi-global models for interpreting interferometric observations

Context. Theoretical predictions from models of red giant branch stars are a valuable tool for various applications in astrophysics ranging from galactic chemical evolution to studies of exoplanetary systems. Aims. We use the radiative transfer code Optim3D and realistic 3D radiative-hydrodynamical (RHD) surface convection simulations of red giants to explore the impact of granulation on interferometric observables. We assess how 3D simulations of surface convection can be validated against observations. Methods. We computed intensity maps for the 3D simulation snapshots in two filters, the optical at 5000 ± 300 A and the K band 2.14±0.26 μm FLUOR filter, corresponding to the wavelength-range of instruments mounted on the CHARA interferometer. From the intensity maps, we constructed images of the stellar disks and account for center-to-limb variations. We then derived interferometric visibility amplitudes and phases. We study their behavior with position angle and wavelength, and compare them with CHARA observations of the red giant star HD 214868. Results. We provide average limb darkening coefficients for different metallicities and wavelengths ranges. We explain prospects for detecting and characterizing granulation and center-to-limb variations of red giant stars with today’s interferometers. Regarding interferometric observables, we find that the effect of convective-related surface structures depends on metallicity and surface gravity. We provide theoretical closure-phases that should be incorporated into the analysis of red giant planet companion closure phase signals. We estimate 3D−1D corrections to stellar radii determination: 3D models are ∼3.5% smaller to ∼1% larger in the optical than 1D, and roughly 0. 5t o 1.5% smaller in the infrared. Even if these corrections are small, they are needed to properly set the zero point of effective temperature scale derived by interferometry and to strengthen the confidence of existing red giant catalogs of calibrating stars for interferometry. Finally, we show that our RHD simulations provide an excellent fit to the red giant HD 214868 even though more observations are needed at higher spatial frequencies and shorter wavelength.
Optimal time delay control for nonlinear vibration of single walled carbon nano-tube on elastic medium

The primary resonance of a single-walled carbon nano-tube (SWCNT) is mitigated by an optimal time-delay feedback control method. The nonlinear governing equations of motion of the SWCNT rested on elastic medium controlled by a Lorentz force excited by a longitudinal magnetic field are derived. The optimal control parameters are worked out by minimum optimal method, which takes the attenuation ratio as the objective function and the stable vibration regions of the feedback gains as constrained conditions. The optimal controllers are designed to control the dynamic behaviors of the nonlinear vibration systems. It is found that the optimal feedback gain obtained by the optimal method can enhance the control performance of SWCNT devices.
Opvoeden in onmacht, of ...?

Dit onderzoek is een vervolg op de Meta-evaluatie methodieken van opvoedingsondersteuning (23 geselecteerde projecten). Per project worden effectgroottes berekend voor alle variabelen waarover in het project gegevens beschikbaar zijn. Op die manier wordt getracht informatie te verkrijgen over de effectiviteit van de 23 projecten voor wat betreft probleemgedrag van jongeren, opvoedingsbelasting en gezinsfunctioneren.
Metaphors We Feel by: Interoceptive Sensations as Natural Phenomena

The paper deals with the issue of conceptualizing interoceptive sensations – perceptual signals originating in the internal milieu of the body and characterizing its physiological state. Unlike many other types of perceptual phenomena, interoceptive sensations lack their own vocabulary and can only be conveyed in speech through metaphor. The paper carries out an analysis of only one group of metaphors based upon the names of natural phenomena, which falls into two subgroups: weather/ climatic phenomena and natural disasters. Providing examples from contemporary literary sources, the author reveals the functions of individual metaphors and studies their potential for qualifying the sensation, measuring it, tracing its dynamics and assessing possible consequences for bodily wellbeing.
Comparison of the fall rate and structure of recent T-7 XBT manufactured by Sippican and TSK

Abstract. The fall rate of recent T-7 expendable bathythermograph (XBT; 760 m) is evaluated based on a series of concurrent measurement with a calibrated Conductivity Temperature Depth profiler (CTD) in the sea east of Japan. An emphasis is placed on comparing the fall rates of T-7 produced by the two present manufacturers, the Lockheed Martin Sippican Inc., and the Tsurumi Seiki Co. Ltd., which have been believed to be identical but had never been compared directly. It is found that the two manufacturers' T-7 fall at rates different by about 3.5%. The Sippican T-7 falls slower than given by the fall-rate equation (FRE) of Hanawa et al. (1995) by about 2.1%, and the TSK T-7 falls faster by about 1.4%. The fall-rate coefficients estimated based on the sea test by applying the equation of traditional quadratic form, d(t)=at−bt2 where d is depth in meters and t is the time elapsed, in seconds, are a=6.553 (m s−1) and b=0.00221 (m s−2) for the LMS T-7, and a=6.803 (m s−1) and b=0.00242 (m s−2) for the TSK T-7. By detail examination of the probes, we found that the two companies' T-7 have different total weight and many structural differences. Because the difference in the fall rate is about twice larger than the difference in weight (about 2%), it is inferred that the structural differences give sizable impact to the difference in their fall rates. Our results clearly show that the recent T-7 of the two companies needs to be discriminated.
NATURAL CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A POROUS MEDIUM WITHIN A TWO DIMENSIONAL ENCLOSURE

In this paper, to achievement the effect of increase number of heating components arrangement on the rate of heat transfer of natural convection, that others have been less noticed. Therefore, in each stage increase the number of heating components so much the space occupied by them remains constant. Then by calculating the amount of heat transfer in different Rayleigh number became clear that minify and distributing heating solid phase in the enclosure increases the total Nusselt number and heat transfer, One reason could be high intensity of fluid motion in corners and near walls of the enclosure. In the next section with the solid phases on the enclosure can be made porous media model. As the results showed an increase in average Rayleigh number, Nusselt number has increased. Also be seen in the lower Darcy numbers, speed of increase in Nusselt number with increase in average Rayleigh number is higher. It can be said that in enclosure by any number of solid pieces with certain Darcy number, with an increase in average Rayleigh number, circular flow inside the enclosure becomes more intense and isothermal lines near walls with constant temperature are so dense, that represents an increase in rate of heat transfer. Also by increasing the Darcy number, rate of heat transfer from the porous media has decreased, as regards that a large share of heat transfer in porous media is done by conduction, although increasing Darcy number increases heat transfer of natural convection but decrease a heat transfer of conduction, therefore decrease total of heat transfer.
Prevalence of smoking and its associated factors among university staff

Globally, one person dies every six seconds as a result of tobacco use. This makes tobacco use the cause of every one out of 10 deaths in adults and the single largest and leading cause of preventable death in the world. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of smoking among staff of Universiti Putra Malaysia. For the purpose of this study an analytical cross sectional study design was used and a standardized, pre-tested, while a validated well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The prevalence of smoking was found to be 10.0% (26.5% among males and 0.5% among females). In addition, significant associations were found between smoking and gender, religion, marital status, highest educational level, occupation, and family income (p < 0.05). In particular, gender and educational level were significant predictors of smoking. In conclusion, the prevalence of smoking among university staff was shown to be considerably lower than that stated for the national level. However, the University could aim at achieving zero prevalence in the years to come.
Update on RECD measures in children

The amplification requirements for an individual are normally based on data obtained during audiometric assessment. The precise interrelationship between the frequency-specific amplification characteristics and the assessment data is most readily appreciated when they have been measured at the same reference point (and in the same units). This is important if the audibility of speech and the closeness of fit between uncomfortable loudness level (ULL) and maximum power output (MPO) are to be determined. Using the ear canal as the reference point has the additional advantage of accounting for differences in external ear acoustics across subjects. A probe-tube microphone can be used to measure real-ear sound pressure level (SPL) directly; however, in some populations (such as infants and children) the probe tube may not be tolerated for extended periods of time. An alternative is to derive (sometimes called ‘predict’) the real-ear SPL by adding an individually measured acoustic transfer function to both the audiometric and electroacoustic data. The acoustic transfer function in question is known as the ‘realear-to-coupler difference’ (RECD). It is more than 15 years since Feigin, Kopun, Stelmachowicz and Gorga (1989) demonstrated that the infant RECD varies significantly from the adult and it is more than 10 years since Moodie, Seewald and Sinclair (1994) described a simple clinical procedure for measuring the RECD. However, implementation into clinical practice has been somewhat
Self-Organizing Systems Show Apparent Intentionality

Cognitive science is frequently confronted with mind-body issues—is there a way by which the mentalist and the physical approaches to cognition can be integrated? Can the intentional attributes of mind be understood in physical terms? We propose that synergetics, the theory of nonlinear complex systems, offers steps towards a possible solution to this notorious problem. In particular, we claim that an essential property of self-organized pattern formation lies in its functionality, i.e. the ability to respond and adapt 'meaningfully' to environmental constraints. Patterns become functional because they consume the gradients that caused their evolution, and, in addition, they consume them in the most efficient manner. This makes synergetic pattern formation appear 'intentional'. Therefore, we suggest that self-organization phenomena may be considered basic explanations of the adaptive, intentional, and purposive behavior of many complex systems, in particular cognitive systems.
Preparation and structure characterization of soluble bone collagen peptide chelating calcium

In this study, G-25 gel chromatography, X-diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze soluble collagen peptides chelating calcium. Collagen peptide hydrolysis can be divided into four components using G-25 gel chromatography. Each component of calcium binding capacity was different and the components whose molecular weight was less than 5000 Da had a relatively high calcium binding capacity. In the infrared spectra experimental certification, after the collagen peptides had combined with calcium, amide I, II wave number was displaced, which indicated that amino nitrogen atoms and oxygen atoms on the carboxyl groups were involved in chelation. In the UV scan spectra, the characteristic absorption peak of the collagen peptide’s carbonyl and the peptide bond was clearly shifted, indicating that collagen peptides have reacted with calcium. In SEM spectra, a lot of white grains were seen to be "embedded" clearly in the surface of the collagen peptide, indicating that besides the reaction of coordination between collagen peptides and calcium, there was a certain degree of adsorption. After combination with calcium, the X-ray diffraction spectra showed that the no rules non-crystal structure collagen peptides turned into rules crystal structure. According to the structure analysis which showed that collagen peptide chelated calcium is a five-membered ring structure, calcium is in the center and was combined strongly with both the amino- and carboxyl-group.
Fragmentation and systematics of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance in the stable N=82 isotones

The low-lying electric dipole ($E1$) strength in the semimagic nucleus ${}^{136}$Xe has been measured, which finalizes the systematic survey to investigate the so-called pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) in all stable even $N=82$ isotones with the method of nuclear resonance fluorescence using real photons in the entrance channel. In all cases, a fragmented resonance-like structure of $E1$ strength is observed in the energy region 5--8 MeV. An analysis of the fragmentation of the strength reveals that the degree of fragmentation decreases toward the proton-deficient isotones, while the total integrated strength increases, indicating a dependence of the total strength on the neutron-to-proton ratio. The experimental results are compared to microscopic calculations within the quasiparticle phonon model. The calculation includes complex configurations of up to three phonons and is able to reproduce also the fragmentation of the $E1$ strength, which allows us to draw conclusions on the damping of the PDR. Calculations and experimental data are in good agreement on the degree of fragmentation and also on the integrated strength if the sensitivity limit of the experiments is taken into account.
Mixing Family Business with Politics in Thailand

This paper uses newly compiled data on Thai family businesses and their direct participation in politics to examine whether the political participation of family business yields private economic payoff. The paper finds that the political participation of family members is positively associated with the profitability of family businesses. Furthermore, this “political benefit” is found to be particularly large when firms are connected to the cabinet members. These results support the crony capitalism view that powerful business groups in Thailand have an incentive to directly hold influential public offices in order to influence the economic policy in their favor.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ARTISANAL WHITE BRINED GOLIJA COWS' MILK CHEESES

The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of artisanal Golija raw and cooked cows' milk cheeses traditionally manufactured without the addition of starter culture. A total of 188 Gram-positive and catalase-negative isolates of Golija cheeses were obtained from seven samples of different ripening time. Phenotype- based assays as well as rep-PCR and 16S rDNA sequence analysis were undertaken for all 188 LAB strains. The most diverse species were isolated from 20-day-old BGGO8 cheese (Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactoba- cillus casei/paracasei, Lactobacillus sucicola, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans and Leuconostoc mesenteroides). In other Golija cheeses Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus thermophilus and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides were found. Pronounced antimicrobial properties showed entero- cocci (13/42) and lactococci (12/31), while the good proteolytic activity demonstrated lactococci (13/31) and lactobacilli (10/29).
Application of computer image technology in automated liquid filling machine

In order to better study working demands of automated filling machine, this paper bases on computer vision technology, puts forward the positioning method for detecting center coordinate at the mouth of material bucket by using computer vision technology, and designs an automated software system to realize pipelined automated filling. Through analysis of filling requirements, Simulink is used to establish a simulation model for control system of automated filling machine, simulate the control system through relevant simulation rests, and finally designs the control system of filling machine. Experimental results show that filling quantity has small deviation and control system can be operated stably. It can be known from this that computer image technology has many advantages in automated liquid filling process, which can not only improve automation degree of filling machine, but also reduce the occurrence of accidents and save the labor costs.
Consumers' Short- and Long-Term Response to "Mad Cow": Beef Consumption and Willingness-to-Pay for Organic Beef in Italy

This paper aims at assessing: 1) consumers' habits concerning beef consumption and their responses to the BSE both immediately and at a longer term; 2) consumers' attitudes and willingness to pay for organic beef, an obvious alternative to regular beef in terms of safety. It is based on two random telephone surveys, the first one conducted in 2001 (few months after the BSE crisis) and the second one in 2003. The analysis shows that though the effect of the BSE crisis has weakened along with time distance, it left some permanent signs in consumers' behaviour. The analysis of the effect of the time distance from the BSE crisis on consumers' attitudes towards organic beef leads to the main conclusion that the demand for organic beef reduced, but that in the meantime it became more inelastic.
*Child Development: Family Life: Foreign Countries: *Friendship:, *Human Relations: Interviews: Nequrity (Individuals): *Parents: Peer Relationship:-Predictor Variables: Psychological Patterns: Role Models: Self Conceit: *Social Attitudes: Social Development: Social Differences: Socialization: *Soci

Thispaper looks at the relationship between parents' social networks any aspects of child development. It has often been suggested that parents' links with kin, neighbours, , friends, local and non-local organisation are likely to have many effects on children, of the frtmily: but such outcomes have never been systematically investigated or demonstrated. In the present study independent interviews were held with 9-11 year old children and their parents living in high, medium and low soial risk areas of Sydney, Australia. The presence and number of parents' regularly-seen dependolyte4riends ("that you can call on in a crisis") emerged as a, pervasive influence on child outcomes. The children's own social networks; their choice of role models; degree of socialisation; happiness with their families; and level of negative emotioAs all showed significant associations with this aspect of their parents' lives. The relationship was not simple or linear; for instance on cer'tairr measures it "is the parents and children whn are selective in their friendships who stand out from those Ivith smaller or larger networks. On measures of adjustment to school, it was the nature of parents' local friendships that emerged as' the main predictor, but dependable friends also had an influence, these two friendship variables being related in a complex way. A separate pattern of relationships was found in respect of availability of child care supports, with parental ties to various formal organisation the salient predictor. The findings suggest leads in many directions, some of which are briefly discussed.
Neural Network Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control of a Novel Electrohydraulic Servo System for Simultaneously Balancing and Positioning by Isoactuation Configuration

To satisfy the lightweight requirements of large pipe weapons, a novel electrohydraulic servo (EHS) system where the hydraulic cylinder possesses three cavities is developed and investigated in the present study. In the EHS system, the balancing cavity of the EHS is especially designed for active compensation for the unbalancing force of the system, whereas the two driving cavities are employed for positioning and disturbance rejection of the large pipe. Aiming at simultaneously balancing and positioning of the EHS system, a novel neural network based active disturbance rejection control (NNADRC) strategy is developed. In the NNADRC, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network is employed for online updating of parameters of the extended state observer (ESO). Thereby, the nonlinear behavior and external disturbance of the system can be accurately estimated and compensated in real time. The efficiency and superiority of the system are critically investigated by conducting numerical simulations, showing that much higher steady accuracy as well as system robustness is achieved when comparing with conventional ADRC control system. It indicates that the NNADRC is a very promising technique for achieving fast, stable, smooth, and accurate control of the novel EHS system.
Predict Incorrect Thinking Process: Negative Numbers Subtraction Operation Second Category

This study was divided into two parts. The first part was to identify the incorrect answer produced by the respondent for each item and its frequency. Then, the second part was to predict the ITP with respect to its frequencies that that respondent might have adapted in solving such sentence questions incorrectly. The respondent of this study were five mathematics teachers and 124 students aged 14 years old from Malaysian secondary school. The finding shows types of mistakes made by the students for each type of items tested and the prediction of ITP respectively.