Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of epidural bupivacaine on maintenance requirements of sevoflurane evaluated by bispectral index in children

Background and objective: Combined (local and general) anaesthesia or Balanced (intravenous analgesics and inhalational hypnotics) anaesthesia are commonly used in paediatrics. The authors have investigated the influence of both types of anaesthesia on the requirements of sevoflurane to maintain an adequate level of hypnosis as measured by Bispectral index (at around 50) monitoring in paediatric orthopaedic patients. Methods: Twenty‐six orthopaedic surgery patients aged 2–15 yr were randomized to receive, during general sevoflurane anaesthesia, 5 μg kg−1 of intravenous fentanyl (Balanced anaesthesia group) or 1 mL kg−1 of caudal‐epidural bupivacaine 0.25% (Combined anaesthesia group). The end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration was adjusted every 5 min in order to maintain Bispectral index values at around 50. Results: Patients showed very similar Bispectral index values (P > 0.05) in both the Combined and the Balanced groups before anaesthesia (96.7 ± 2.7 vs. 96.9 ± 1.8), after induction (48.5 ± 2.9 vs. 49.8 ± 3.6) and after administration of analgesia (50.9 ± 3.8 vs. 50.3 ± 4.3). The sevoflurane end‐tidal concentration requirements were similar in both the Combined and Balanced groups before administration of analgesia (2.1 ± 0.2 vs. 2.1 ± 0.4, P = 0.9415), but lower end‐tidal concentrations were required by the Combined group than by the Balanced group (0.81 ± 0.4 vs. 1.5 ± 0.5, P < 0.0001) in the first 20 min after administration of analgesia. Conclusion: Combined anaesthesia with epidural bupivacaine maintains the same Bispectral index values as Balanced anaesthesia during orthopaedic surgery in children without fentanyl and with a lower sevoflurane requirement.
Loss of adenomatous polyposis coli (apc) results in an expanded ciliary marginal zone in the zebrafish eye

The distal region of neural retina (ciliary marginal zone [CMZ]) contains stem cells that produce non‐neural and neuronal progenitors. We provide a detailed gene expression analysis of the eyes of apc mutant zebrafish where the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway is constitutively active. Wnt/β‐catenin signaling leads to an expansion of the CMZ accompanied by a central shift of the retinal identity gene sox2 and the proneural gene atoh7. This suggests an important role for peripheral Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in regulating the expression and localization of neurogenic genes in the central retina. Retinal identity genes rx1 and vsx2, as well as meis1 and pax6a act upstream of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway activation. Peripheral cells that likely contain stem cells can be identified by the expression of follistatin, otx1, and axin2 and the lack of expression of myca and cyclinD1. Our results introduce the zebrafish apc mutation as a new model to study signaling pathways regulating the CMZ. Developmental Dynamics 239:2066–2077, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two-Dimensional Wireless Power Supply to Ubiquitous Robots Using Microwaves

This paper proposes a wireless power supply method to ubiquitous small robots using microwaves propagated in a two-dimensional waveguide (2DW). A robot working anywhere on a 2DW sheet receives the power from the sheet. The communication signal is also transmitted through the identical sheet. The structure of 2DW sheet is simple and realized with various materials at low cost. Since the microwave power is confined inside the 2DW sheet, it enables safe power transmission and communication without strong interference with the space outside the sheet.
Pac-pac: pinching gesture recognition for tabletop entertainment system

We present our new interaction technique for tabletop system and video game application using it. This technique is for recognizing a pinching gesture performed with the thumb and forefinger and tapping gestures with them by a ceiling camera above the table. The positions and orientations of multiple gestures are recognized at 200Hz, and the users around the table are tracked by their arm positions. This technique is useful for large-sized tabletop system for multiple users because it does not require any additional equipments to them nor registration process before using the system. Some pilot studies demonstrated the robustness and accuracy of the proposed technique with displaying appropriate guide on the display. We also developed a video game application called "Pac-pac". A player can shoot a bullet along the orientation of his hand by tapping, from any side of the table. We exhibited Pac-pac several time and well-received.
Generic construction of monitors for Floating Point Unit designs

This paper proposes a set of well defined steps to design functional verification monitors intended to verify Floating Point Units (FPU) described in HDL. The first step consists on defining the input and output domain coverage. Next, the corner cases are defined. Finally, an already verified reference model is used in order to test the correctness of the Device Under Verification (DUV). As a case study a monitor for an IEEE754-2008 compliant design is implemented. This monitor is built to be easily instantiated into verification frameworks such as OVM. Two different designs were verified reaching complete input coverage and successful compliant results.
Towards Automatic Generation of Question Answer Pairs from Images

This extended abstract presents our research in the generic field of Visual Question-Answering (VQA) focusing on a new branch that aims to generate question-answer pairs based on an image. To do so, we use the VQA dataset provided for the VQA challenge to train a Deep Neural Network which has the image as an input and two different outputs, the question and its associated answer.
Rhinoviruses, allergic inflammation, and asthma

Summary: Viral infections affect wheezing and asthma in children and adults of all ages. In infancy, wheezing illnesses are usually viral in origin, and children with more severe wheezing episodes are more likely to develop recurrent episodes of asthma and to develop asthma later in childhood. Children who develop allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E (allergic sensitization) and those who wheeze with human rhinoviruses (HRV) are at especially high risk for asthma. In older children and adults, HRV infections generally cause relatively mild respiratory illnesses and yet contribute to acute and potentially severe exacerbations in patients with asthma. These findings underline the importance of understanding the synergistic nature of allergic sensitization and infections with HRV in infants relative to the onset of asthma and in children and adults with respect to exacerbations of asthma. This review discusses clinical and experimental evidence of virus–allergen interactions and evaluates theories which relate immunologic responses to respiratory viruses and allergens to the pathogenesis and disease activity of asthma. Greater understanding of the relationship between viral respiratory infections, allergic inflammation, and asthma is likely to suggest new strategies for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
Chromosome Microdeletions in Infertile Men from South West of Iran

Today, with advances in assisted reproductive techniques, many infertile couples are able to have children. However, there is always risk of passing genetic abnormalities associated with infertility from parents to children. Therefore, detection of microdeletions of Y chromosome in patients with spermatogenesis failure seems very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of microdeletions in Y chromosome in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia in South West of Iran, Shiraz. 60 infertile men with severe oligozoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia were examined. Multiplex PCR was applied to detect the microdeletions. Frequency of microdeletions in men with severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia was 8.3%. All deletions were observed in AZFc region. This study emphasizes that analysis of microdeletions should be carried out for all patients with idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia who are candidates for intra cytoplasmic sperm injection. Keywords—Infertility, Azoospermia, Severe oligozoospermia, Y chromosome Microdeletions.
Using Wafer Map Features to Better Predict Die-Level Failures in Final Test

In semiconductor manufacturing, wafer fabrication is followed by chip assembly where individual dies are assembled as a packaged chip. In between, dies are tested in terms of their electrical properties and those which fail to pass the “wafer test” are filtered out. However, some faulty dies pass the test and cause a packaged chip to fail in the final test. The inaccuracy of the wafer test leads to waste in manufacturing time and cost. In this paper, we propose to predict the result of the final test at the die-level before assembly using wafer test items and four derivations concerning wafer map features: 1) distance of the die from the wafer center; 2) previous final yield at the die position; 3) wafer test fail rate for the adjacent dies; and 4) abnormalities of the wafer map pattern. We build prediction models with these variables using a random forest algorithm. Preliminary experimental results on actual data show that the use of these derived variables improves the prediction performance with a statistical significance, thus merits further investigation.
Comparisons of undeveloped and developed shorelands, northern Wisconsin, and recommendations for restoration

Development of lakeshores has occurred at unprecedented levels in recent decades. Changes in the shoreland ecosystem concomitant with this development have been little studied. In this study, we compared the structural and floristic characteristics of vegetation at 97 developed and 85 undeveloped (reference) shoreland sites in northern Wisconsin, USA. Quantitative comparisons of vegetation structural characteristics (percent cover of canopy, subcanopy, and understory vegetation layers; percent of shoreline overhung by trees and shrubs; and amount of coarse woody debris) showed significantly greater complexity and cover at undeveloped versus developed sites. We classified plant communities and described plant species composition along three belt transects parallel to shore (upland, shoreline, and shallow water) using ordination techniques to describe the differences between developed and undeveloped sites, as well as among undeveloped sites. The mean number of plant species and the percent of native species were both greater at undeveloped than at developed sites along all three transects. Undeveloped upland sites could be grouped by plant species composition into three types: Northern Wet Forest (bog species), Northern Mesic Forest, and Northern Xeric Forest. Undeveloped shoreline vegetation was also clustered into three categories: bog species, upland species with an abrupt transition to aquatic species, and wet meadow species. Soil characteristics further distinguished the upland and shoreline categories. No distinct vegetation categories emerged in the shallow water ordination. We recommend that appropriate species for shoreland restoration efforts be selected based on the native plant communities present at the undeveloped sites, their relative location along an upland to shallow water gradient, and, in some cases, soil characteristics.
Sulfadiazine modified CS/HA PEC destined to wound dressing.

AIM To present the research results concerning enhanced antimicrobial and release properties of the chitosan derivative with sulfadiazine/hyaluronic acid polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) hydrogel. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PECs have been prepared from chitosan of different molecular weight, sulfadiazine chitosan derivative and sodium hyaluronate. The complex structure was assessed by FT-IR spectroscopic method and swelling capacity was followed by weighing measurements. RESULTS It has been establish that chitosan derivative influenced both PEC properties and swelling capacity. CONCLUSIONS Incorporation in PEC of the sulfadiazine chitosan is a new way to combine bacteriostatic effect of chitosan with that of sulfadiazine, to control properties, antimicrobial activity in the treatment of the wound.
Processor integration in a disk controller

The need to produce an inexpensive and effective hard disk drive controller in a short time frame persuaded the Palmchip design team to try a new approach: combining the processor and the main disk drive controller into a single part. Successfully embedding the ARM7TDMI processor in our GreenLite ASIC proved to be a tremendous learning experience. We discovered ways to solve some of the problems we encountered and to ease the use of the 7TDMI core itself.
Socialization practices associated with dimensions of competence in preschool boys and girls.

The investigation has as its objective to identify parent attitudes and behaviors associated with dimensions of competent behavior in normal preschool children. A child-behavior model (similar in structure to models presented by Schaefer and by Becker & Krug) for boys and girls separately was developed and related to behavioral measures obtained in the home, and to mother-son, mother-daughter, father-son, and fatherdaughter interview dimensions arrived at through cluster-analytic techniques. When sex-related correlates were interpreted, particular attention was given to the problem of equivalence of dimensions across sex. Specific parent-child relationships varied with the sex of parent and child. In general, independence granting and verbal give and take, on the one hand, and enforced demands and consistent discipline, on the other, were associated with stable, assertive behavior in the child. This program of research had as its objective the identification of practices associated with dimensions of competent nursery school behavior for boys and girls. Two separate studies were conducted. The objective of one study (Baumrind, 1967) was to determine whether preschool chil
mTc-MDM SPECT Offers ‘ Standard of Diagnostic Care ’ in the Management of Glioma

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. GBM is characterized by their appearance as solid tumours and mostly with the presence of a central necrosis. Although, GBM carries very poor prognosis but the management of the patients with the introduction of External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) as adjunct to surgical resection and concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy has improved their prognosis significantly [1].
Treatment of a Case of Obsessional Neurosis using Thought-Stopping Technique

Introduction Obsessional neurosis is considered to be resistant to behaviour therapy; the literature is reviewed by Marks et al. (1969). Wolpe and Lazarus (1966) described a ‘thought-stopping’ technique for this condition, but subsequent workers have largely ignored this method. In the case to be described, it was used experimentally with apparent success, and in view of the therapeutic nihilism felt about obsessional neurosis it was thought worthwhile to report this long-standing and previously resistant case.
Activation of the Rac-binding Partner FHOD1 Induces Actin Stress Fibers via a ROCK-dependent Mechanism*

Diaphanous related formins (DRFs) are part of the formin protein family that control morphogenesis, embryonic differentiation, cytokinesis, and cell polarity. DRFs organize the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells via the interaction with specific members of the Rho family of small GTPases including Rho, Rac, and Cdc42. This is best understood for Rho, which transmits signals to the actin cytoskeleton through the cooperation of its DRF effector mDia with ROCK (Rho-associated kinase). Here, we show that a constitutive active form of the Rac-interacting DRF FHOD1 (formin homology 2 domain containing 1) associates with F-actin in NIH3T3 cells, resulting in the formation of thick actin fibers. Cytoskeletal changes induced by FHOD1 correlated with the induction of serum response element transcription and were mediated by formin homology domains 1 and 2 of FHOD1. FHOD1-induced effects required the activity of the Rho-ROCK cascade that is targeted at a level downstream of Rho by the DRF. However, when the functional interaction of FHOD1 with individual GTPases was addressed, Rac but not Rho or Cdc42 bound to FHOD1 in cells and induced its recruitment to actin filaments and lamellipodia/membrane ruffles. Furthermore, activated FHOD1 interfered with lamellipodia formation. These results indicate that FHOD1 acts as an effector of Rac in actin rearrangements and transcriptional regulation and may provide a link for the Rac-dependent activation of the Rho cascade.
DCS5: Diagonal Coding Scheme for Enhancing the Endurance of SSD-Based RAID-5 Systems

Solid-state drives (SSDs) have been widely deployed in large-scale storage systems. To guarantee high reliability for SSD-based storage systems, it still requires data redundancy schemes, e.g., RAID schemes. Traditional RAID-5 shows its benefits in load-balancing and I/O parallelism, and so it is still the first choice for enhancing the reliability of SSD RAID arrays. However, some SSDs under the RAID-5 configuration may age much faster than others because of the non-uniformity of workloads, which makes them be worn out very quickly and so decreases the endurance of SSD-based RAID arrays. To address this problem, we develop a diagonal coding scheme, DCS5, to improve the wear-leveling among devices in an SSD-based RAID-5 array. DCS5 can efficiently improve the array endurance if accesses are aligned with the stripe size, i.e., When data symbols in the same stripe receive the same number of writes, while the number could be different for different stripes. To relax the above assumption, we further propose an enhanced scheme which is called as DCS5+. DCS5+ can improve the wear-leveling among devices under general access patterns via triggering different responses to different kinds of requests. We conduct extensive trace-driven evaluations based on real-world workloads, and results show that our coding scheme efficiently enhances the endurance of SSD-based RAID-5 arrays.
Quality control of bone marrow cytology; organization and over 7 years experience in the south‐west Netherlands

To asses the quality of bone marrow cytology of hospital laboratories in the south‐west Netherlands a proficiency testing program was implemented. Two sets of bone marrow and blood smears from two patients were sent to 20 hospital laboratories using a tight time schedule biannually. Required results consisted of differential counts of 500 bone marrow cells and 100 peripheral blood cells, together with the description of morphological abnormalities and final conclusions. Twice a year the collected review data were discussed in a plenary session which was also used for continuous education. Over the past 7 years 30 bone marrow samples were evaluated. The coefficient of variations of specific cells counts was large. The amount of correct conclusions ranged from 12% to 100% (median: 61%). Participant attendance of the meetings was 90–100%. The total cost of this scheme of proficiency testing approximately amounted €7000 per year. The presented formulae for both proficiency testing and haematopathological/cytological education is feasible and fulfilled the need of the participants.
Similarity Search Over Data Stream using LPC-DTW

Effective similarity search over data stream is of importance for applications like network monitoring, information retrieval and financial service, etc. Linear predictive coding (LPC) is a tool using the information of a linear predictive model. In this paper, we propose similarity search over data stream based on LPC cepstral coefficients using dynamic time warping (DTW). Compared with traditional approaches, such as similarity search based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the proposed method LPC-DTW can use fewer coefficients to capture desired features from data stream for similarity search. In distance metric of similarity search, DTW that replaces the Euclidean distance metric could bring better performance. The relative experiment results demonstrate the proposed method is better than the traditional approaches.
Pi-Gate SOI MOSFET

This paper describes computer simulations of various SOI MOSFETs with double and triple gate structures, as well as gate-all-around devices. The concept of a triple-gate device with sidewalls extending into the buried oxide (hereby called a "/spl Pi/-gate" or "Pi-gate" MOSFET) is introduced, The proposed device is simple to manufacture and offers electrical characteristics similar to the much harder to fabricate gate-all-around MOSFET.
Maternal and paternal effects determine size, growth and performance in larvae of a tropical reef fish

Larval mortality in marine fishes is strongly linked to individual life history traits such as size and growth, but the processes that influence variability in these traits are poorly understood. We explore the relative importance of maternal and paternal influences and water temperature on the larval growth and performance characteristics of the tropical clownfish Amphiprion melanopus (Pomacentridae). Larvae were reared from an incomplete 4 male × 4 female diallel breeding cross at 2 temperatures (25 and 28°C). Paternity interacted with maternity and affected traits immediately prior to and after hatching. Size of larvae at metamorphosis was primarily affected by maternal and paternal influences, but not by rearing temperature. Paternity explained 52% of the variance in growth rates to metamorphosis, while the combination of paternity, maternity and temperature explained 30%. This strong paternal influence may be due to the extensive role males play in nest-tending coupled with the relatively long embryonic duration of the species. A negative relationship between larval growth rate and mortality within a tank emphasised the importance of these parental effects to larval survival and also provides support for the ‘bigger is better’ hypothesis.
Effect of pretreatment with toll-like receptor agonists in a mouse model of herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis.

BACKGROUND We evaluated the effect of pretreatment with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in a mouse model of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis. METHODS BALB/c mice received a single intraperitoneal or intranasal injection of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a TLR3 agonist; lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a TLR4 agonist; oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a TLR9 agonist; or control vehicle. Twenty-four hours later, animals were infected with 5000 plaque-forming units of HSV-1. RESULTS Mice that received intraperitoneal pretreatment with vehicle, LPS, and poly I:C had survival rates of 7%, 13%, and 56%, respectively, and mean life expectancies of 156.80+/-9.56, 176.00+/-9.24, and 213.00+/-7.71 h, respectively (p< .05, poly I:C group vs. other groups). Similarly, intranasal pretreatment with vehicle, LPS, ODN, and poly I:C were associated with survival rates of 20%, 47%, 60%, and 94%, respectively, and mean life expectancies of 153.60+/-11.71, 188.80+/-12.97, 204.80+/-11.73, and 234.00+/-5.81 h, respectively (p< .05, ODN and poly I:C groups vs. vehicle group). Pretreatment with intranasal poly I:C induced early expression of several immune genes in the brain and resulted in a significantly lower virus load. CONCLUSION TLR3 stimulation by poly I:C 24 h before infection reinforces a natural innate immune mechanism of neuroprotection against HSV-1.