Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a "Model for Improving Quality of Life" for Stroke Patients Based on Preventive Efforts

Stroke in Indonesia is the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer. High rates of death and stroke-related disabilities are related to pathophysiological processes that occur in brain tissue. Changes in blood flow in the brain cause disruption of the nervous system. Such disturbance may result in permanent disability of the device in the form of paralysis. Physical changes that are often experienced by the patient is paralysis of motion, loss of swallowing ability, cognitive disturbances, and psychological disorders. These conditions will affect the psychological health and quality of life of patients. This research was conducted in 2 stages. The first stage is done by using Partial Least Square test to see the variable that influence the ability of patient and family in doing stroke prevention. The sample size used was 60 people taken by accidental sampling. The second stage is a pre-experiment that compares the conditions before and after treatment using t-test. The results showed that the predisposing factor (self efficacy and cues to action) had an effect on the behavior of stroke prevention; reinforcing factors (family roles) affect the behavior of stroke prevention; enabling factors (health promotion) affect the behavior of stroke prevention. shows increasing family knowledge will improve the family's ability to care for families with By increasing the family's to care for family members then the will get optimal care, doing prevention and rehabilitation so that the patient's ability will return optimally as before. only 2 factors that influence the factor cues to action and self efficacy.
The Impact of Irrational Prescription/Misuse of Drugs on Health Outcomes and its Economic Correlates

A multi-facet study was conducted in four provinces and Capital territory of Pakistan to evaluate the perception of physicians, patients and medical store (MS) personnel regarding prescription trends, reasons of irrational prescription, its impact and of drug misuse on health outcomes and economic co-relates. The effect of intervention in a selected hospital on prescription errors and drug misuse was assessed. The effect of drug misuse and multiple prescribed tablets on disintegration time, change in pH and viscosity of disintegration medium, aspects integrating the disciplines of Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy were also studied. Effect of self-directed/misunderstood doses of liquid medicines on disintegration time of co-prescribed tablets and pH and viscosity of disintegration medium was evaluated. Impact of medicine usage practices, i.e., use of milk on the above parameters was also studied. Response of 981 walk-in patients with 393 physicians and 618 MS personnel was received. The 57.21% physicians strongly agreed or agreed to have knowledge of cheaper generics of the same drug. Role of promotion by pharmaceutical companies (provision of samples and national and international trainings) was found influencing prescribing trends. The 57.5% physicians endorsed that they availed company sponsored training programs. Patients were concerned for medicine prices and 76.6% patients desired cheaper medicines to be prescribed. The 72.7% patients viewed that doctor should not have share/incentive on the prescribed medicines and 38.6% opined that multinational companies (MNCs) influenced prescribing because their medicine samples were present on physician’s table. The 77.7% MS staff informed that MNCs medicines, while 43.2% were of the view that local costly medicines are more prescribed. Brand replacement
Динамический анализ обфусцированных приложений с диспетчеризацией или виртуализацией кода

Obfuscation algorithms are now widely used to prevent software reverse engineering. Binary code virtualization is one of the most powerful obfuscations technics. Another obfuscation method known as “dispatching” can be used to transform application control flow similarly to virtual machine insertion. Our research was aimed at reconstruction of control flow graph in case of both code virtualization and dispatching. To achieve this goal, we implemented de-obfuscation tool which keeps track of virtual program counter used by virtual machine emulator and reconstructs the application control flow. This paper describes experimental results of test application de-obfuscation via dynamic analysis. Both obfuscating and de-obfuscating tools were independently developed by two different teams of ISP RAS – the LLVM-based obfuscating compiler and the software environment for dynamic analysis of binary code. The paper briefly introduces both software tools and then describes results of experimental research on recovering of control flow graph of obfuscated application. Application was initially protected by specialized obfuscating LLVM-based compiler. Next, TrEx environment was used to analyze program execution trace, to find the dispatcher-protected part of application and to recover its control flow. Additionally, some software code complexity metrics for test applications were calculated to estimate obfuscation resilience provided by different versions of obfuscating compiler.
Critique of “Utilization of a multidisciplinary team to reduce the rate of hospital readmissions in high‐risk heart failure patients at a community teaching hospital: The pharmacist's role in transitions of care”

A recently published meta-analysis by the Cochrane Collaboration found inadequate evidence to suggest benefit from pharmacistconducted medication reconciliation with clinical outcomes including healthcare utilization; therefore, studies that systematically evaluate the role of pharmacists in transitions of care (TOC) are welcome. We read with interest the article published by Thurston et al in a recent edition of JACCP. The study, an analysis of a multidisciplinary TOC intervention in a high-risk heart failure population, demonstrated a significant reduction in 30-day hospital readmissions. However, the results contain several apparent errors that need to be addressed. First, the authors report a “relative risk reduction of 0.696” in their abstract and results section. This number is a relative risk (treatment group incidence/control group incidence), not a relative risk reduction. The relative risk reduction for the data presented would be 0.304. However, it is unclear how the authors came to conclude their relative risk was 0.696 as their actual numbers for their primary outcome are 21.3% (intervention group) vs 33.7% (control group), which would make the relative risk 0.632, and associated relative risk reduction 0.368. There is a further apparent error in the calculation of the number needed to treat to prevent a readmission using the multidisciplinary intervention. This is listed as 13 in the results section of the study. However, based on the data provided, it appears the result should be 9 (absolute risk reduction: .337 − .213 = .124, number needed to treat = 1/.124 = 8.06, which can be rounded to 9). We believe the statistics should be reassessed to ensure the study outcomes are accurate for interpretation and utilization by the broader scientific community. CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
P20 The association between asthma, corticosteroids and allostatic load biomarkers: a cross-sectional study

Introduction and objectives Allostatic load, a measure of ‘wear and ‘tear’ from adapting to environmental challenges, has been suggested as a framework with which to understand the stress-related disruption on multiple systems of asthma. We aim to estimate for the first time the relationship between allostatic load (AL) and its constituent biomarkers, asthma and corticosteroid (CS) use among a large sample of the UK adult population while controlling for socioeconomic status. Methods Data from Understanding Society (a nationally representative survey of UK community-dwelling adults) waves 1–3 (2009–2012) allowed the identification of a sex-specific risk profile across 12 biomarkers used to construct an AL index for a sample of 9,816 individuals aged 16 years and over. Information on asthma status and medication prescribing was used to create groups broadly consistent with other UK based research using GINA guidelines: 1) No asthma diagnosis and no prescription for any CS (control group); 2) Physician diagnosed asthma and in receipt of respiratory medication (henceforth Currently Treated (CT) asthma) but no Inhaled CS (ICS) and no systemic CS (SCS) prescription; 3) CT asthma, ICS prescription but no SCS prescription; 4) CT asthma and SCS prescription. Regression analyses were used to examine the association of these CT asthma/CS prescribing groups with allostatic load and its constituent biomarkers while controlling for socioeconomic status. Results Those with CT asthma and no corticosteroid prescription have an allostatic load 1.2 (p<0.001) higher than those without asthma and no corticosteroid prescription (control group). Those in receipt of systemic corticosteroids had the highest allostatic load approximately 1.4 times higher than the control group (p<0.001). This association with allostatic load was largely unchanged in sensitivity analyses and was likely driven by an association with specific biomarkers (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and C-reactive protein, see figure 1). Conclusion In relation to allostatic load, early ageing was present even in the mildest asthma group without prescriptions for corticosteroids: approximately equivalent to a penalty of 8 years on one’s chronological age. Allostatic load is helpful in understanding the increased all-cause mortality and multi-morbidity observed in asthma.Abstract P20 Figure 1 Relationship between Asthma/CS prescriptions and the (log) odds of being in the high-risk quartile for each allostatic load index biomarker adjusted for socioeconomic status (N=9,816).
A Review of Wearable Sensor Systems to Monitor Plantar Loading in the Assessment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Diabetes is highly prevalent throughout the world and imposes a high economic cost on countries at all income levels. Foot ulceration is one devastating consequence of diabetes, which can lead to amputation and mortality. Clinical assessment of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is currently subjective and limited, impeding effective diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Studies have shown that pressure and shear stress at the plantar surface of the foot plays an important role in the development of DFUs. Quantification of these could provide an improved means of assessment of the risk of developing DFUs. However, commercially-available sensing technology can only measure plantar pressures, neglecting shear stresses and thus limiting their clinical utility. Research into new sensor systems which can measure both plantar pressure and shear stresses are thus critical. Our aim in this paper is to provide the reader with an overview of recent advances in plantar pressure and stress sensing and offer insights into future needs in this critical area of healthcare. Firstly, we use current clinical understanding as the basis to define requirements for wearable sensor systems capable of assessing DFU. Secondly, we review the fundamental sensing technologies employed in this field and investigate the capabilities of the resultant wearable systems, including both commercial and research-grade equipment. Finally, we discuss research trends, ongoing challenges and future opportunities for improved sensing technologies to monitor plantar loading in the diabetic foot.
Effects of QScan on Plaque Accumulation and Demineralisation in Orthodontic Patients.

Effects of QScan on Plaque And Demineralisation in Orthodontic Patients. SARKHOUH. S. S. ; FLANNIGAN. N. ; BURNSIDE. G. ; HIGHAM. S. (Liverpool University Dental Hospital) Objective: To test the efficacy of the QScan oral hygiene device used by patients with fixed orthodontics appliances and its effect on plaque accumulation and demineralisation. Design and Setting: A prospective randomised control trial was undertaken at Liverpool University Dental Hospital. Materials and methods: Sixty patients with upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group was provided with the QScan device to use as an at home oral hygiene adjunct. The control group were asked to continue with thier oral hygiene care at home without the use of QScan. Both groups were assessed over a period of three orthodontic appointments. At each visit Quantitative Light Fluorescence Induced - Digital (QLF-D) photographs were taken of the dentition in an aim to quantify the amount of plaque and demineralisation. Results: Fifty-six (93.3%) participants completed the study. There was a total reduction in plaque accumulation in the QScan group, which was statistically significant (p 0.05). Conclusions: The Qscan device has shown to be an effective adjunct for plaque control in orthodontic patients following a longitudinal assessment. However, this reduction did not translate to a significant reduction in demineralisation following an average 15 week assessment.
KNOWLEDGE OF PREECLAMPSIA AMONG ANTENATAL WOMEN IN A TERTIARY REFERRAL TEACHING HOSPITAL

Each year around the world, about 76,000 pregnant women die from preeclampsia and related hypertensive disorders. Maternal death could be prevented if mothers are equipped with knowledge and by following preventive practices. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge about preeclampsia among antenatal women in a tertiary teaching hospital in Kelantan. The design selected for the study is cross-sectional design conducted on 76 antenatal mothers above 20 weeks of gestational age and attending antenatal clinical in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. The tool included socio-demographic proforma and knowledge questionnaire on preeclampsia. The data was analysed in terms of both descriptive and inferential analysis. Data analysis regarding level of knowledge revealed that minority of mothers (18.4%) had adequate knowledge with a mean score of 53.46 (±26.42). Maternal age and receipt of information towards preeclampsia showed an association with knowledge scores at 0.05 level of significance. The study showed a need for awareness program and public education about preeclampsia among antenatal mothers.
Optimisation of transplantation methodology in mouse models of Huntington's Disease

The objective of the experiments described in this thesis was to optimise transplantation protocols to improve the outcome of striatal mouse-to-mouse grafts in lesion models of Huntington’s Disease. There is a need to develop the model since the results observed, both in published studies and from within the lab, show typically small and pencil-like grafts, with little integration into the host compared to the widely-used rat model. The starting point was current practice – procedures based on the efficacious rat model - with studies designed to probe the effect of altering key components of the protocol. These are grouped into three experimental chapters; • Exploring the effect of host These experiments examine potential reasons a poorer outcome is seen in mice. By comparing the mouse and rat quinolinic acid lesion models it was shown that mice maintain a greater inflammatory response. This result prompted studies into the effect of delaying grafting until beyond peak post-lesion inflammation, and if the inflammatory response was strain-specific. Whilst no differences were detected, it was concluded that group sizes were not adequate to make a definitive conclusion. • Exploring the effect of donor The first experiment focussing on donor parameters compared different methods of cell preparation and identified that E14 single-cell suspension yielded the best results. However, all groups demonstrated large variance in the graft outcome. This led to the exploration of the cell suspension and cell viability, finding that the trypan blue method may not be ideal for measuring the health of cell suspensions. • Functional outcome measures These experiments demonstrated a variety of graft outcomes; however, none could describe which were ‘best’ in terms of functional efficacy, a fundamental outcome for cell transplantation therapies. A field-wide lack of systematic behavioural testing of the mouse quinolinic acid models was identified, and the final experiments describe a comprehensive motor and cognitive characterisation of the model, culminating in recommendations for appropriate test batteries to identify functional recovery.
Multicenter, randomized comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of 19-gauge stainless steel and nitinol-based needles for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of solid pancreatic masses

Background The use of 19-gauge (G) stainless steel needles for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of a pancreatic mass often results in technical difficulties due to an inability to advance the relatively rigid needle out of the endoscope. More flexible nitinol-based needles might decrease such technical difficulties and thus increase diagnostic accuracy. Objective In this prospective multicenter randomized single-blinded study we compared the diagnostic value of those two needle types in patients with a solid pancreatic lesion. Methods Patients with a solid pancreatic mass were diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy using one puncture with each needle in a randomized fashion. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic accuracy of each needle. Secondary endpoints included time for puncture, amount of tumour tissue obtained, and technical failure. Histological specimens were centrally reviewed by a pathologist blinded to the final needle type and final diagnosis (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02909530). Results Out of 46 prospectively recruited patients, central pathological examination was available for 41. Diagnostic accuracy for the two needles combined was 87.8%. Diagnostic accuracy was 66% and 68% using the stainless steel- and nitinol-based needle respectively. Time spent for puncturing was 137 ± 61 s (mean ± standard deviation) for the stainless steel and 111 ± 53 s for the nitinol-based needle (p = 0.037). Technical failure occurred in three (6.5%) cases using the stainless steel- and in none using the nitinol-based needle. Conclusions Usage of a nitinol-based 19-G needle failed to present a significant superior accuracy compared with a stainless steel needle in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of solid pancreatic lesions.
Non-Fasting Total Serum Homocysteine (tHcy) Levels in Folate-Supplemented Omani Arabs with Sickle Cell Disease in the Steady State and in Crisis

The aim of this investigation is to determine tHcy levels in SCD Omani Arabs in (i) the steady state (ii) crisis (iii) relative to non-SCD subjects as such values might help clarify the role of tHcy in SCD. Serum tHcy concentrations and other laboratory analyses including serum folate and cobalamin measurements were performed on non-fasting blood samples in 287 non-smoking predominantly adult subjects comprising 133 SCD (SCDstst and SCDcr) patients, 23 HbAS individuals and 131 volunteers acting as controls. Serum tHcy concentration was measured by the Abbott IMx Analyzer using a competitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) while serum folate was determined using the Abbott IMx folate reagent kit based on ion capture technology and serum Original Research Article Knox-Macaulay et al.; AHRJ, 1(2): 1-10, 2018; Article no.AHRJ. 41741 2 cobalamin by the Abbott IMx B12 microparticle enzyme intrinsic factor immunoassay (MEIA). Other investigations performed included detailed blood cell counts and variant hemoglobin analyses. Blood counts of the whole cohort whose ages ranged from 8-50 years were essentially normal; nevertheless, hypochromic microcytic red cells were found in about 80% of cases suggestive of α thalassemia trait. Serum folate and cobalamin values post-fortification were normal. Serum tHcy levels were lower in SCD patients than in HbAS and normal volunteers who acted as controls while SCDstst tHcy concentration was higher than that of SCDcr. Our results in Omani Arabs showed the tHcy levels in SCD patients during steady state are higher than those in crisis and are at variance with those obtained in African-Americans and Nigerians in whom tHcy values in the steady state are lower than in a crisis. However, differences in assay methods and varying proportions in SCD haplotypes (50% Benin, 25% Bantu and 25% Arab Indian) amongst the Omani SCD patients are likely to explain this variance. Folate and cobalamin supplementation facilitated vaso-occlusion. The nature of the β haplotype and the prevalence of α thalassemia appear to militate against the development of stroke in our SCD Omani patients.
Prevalence of Depression among Residents of old age homes in Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Geriatric depression is emerging mental disorder with old age. The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of depression among residents of elderly homes in Eastern Nepal and to measure the severity of the symptoms of depressive disorders. Material And Method: This study involved residents of old age homes in four different districts of Eastern Nepal, the participants were heterogeneous with diverse cultural background and ethnicity. All elderly people of age 60 years and above living in the old age homes were at first informed about the rationale of our study, we took the informed verbal(as most of the subjects were illiterate) or written consent before going through our questionnaire which was translated into Nepali language by a panel of translators using repeated “forward backward procedure. ” General Health questionnaire was applied to all subjects. Geriatric Depression scale (GDS) was then applied to those subjects whose score on GHQ-12 was ≥6 and the categorization of the subjects as normal, mild depressives or severe depressives was done. Results: A total of 62 elderly people of 60 years and above from aforementioned old age homes were enrolled in our study, out of which, 48.38% of the respondents belong to age group of 60-69 years , 27.4% belong to the age group 70-79 and 24.2 % were 80 years and above. Out of total respondents, 56.46% showed normal mental status on our GHQ scale while 43.54% were screened to have some sorts of psychological problems. The GDS detected them with mild and severe depressive symptoms. Out of which, 81.48% had mild depressive symptoms while 18.52% were severe depressive symptoms. Prevalence of depression was found to be significantly related to family history of mental illness. Conclusion: Most of the people living in the old age home in Eastern Nepal are found to have depressive symptoms among which majority have mild depressive symptoms and few have severe depressive symptoms. It depicts the miserable mental health of the elderly people in old age home.
An investigation into the short-term effects of music therapy for patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease or another form of dementia

Recommended Citation Clute, O. (2017). An investigation into the short-term effects of music therapy for patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease or another form of dementia. The Young Researcher, 1(1), 129-138. Retrieved from http://www.theyoungresearcher. com/papers/clute.pdf An Investigation into the ShortTerm Effects of Music Therapy for Patients with Probable Alzheimer’s Disease or Another form of Dementia