Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Cross Talk among Autophagy, Ubiquitination, and DNA Repair: An Overview

Cellular plasticity is modulated by protein posttranslational modifications, which act on most intracellular pathways. Ubiquitination is a versatile posttranslational modifi cation (PTM) that influences protein fate, controlling their degradation or modulating their activity and subcellular localization. The ubiquitin proteasome system, UPS, and the autophagic pathway are the main degradative intracellular machineries, which rely on ubiquitination for their activation and/or the selective recycling of proteins and organ -elles. Recent findings indicate that the cross talk between UPS and autophagy plays a key role in controlling DNA repair pathways. Even being a cytoplasmic process, it is now clear that autophagy can directly impact on the correct activation of DNA repair. Of note, defects on autophagy are related to the impairment of homologous recombina tion repair and to an increase of the nonhomologous end joining repair activity. These evidences give new insights into the molecular processes underlying the DNA damage response and provide further explanation for the tumorigenesis associated with autoph - agy impairment. Moreover, these findings introduce new examples of synthetic lethality between autophagy and DNA repair genes and lead to the possible development of tar - get therapies for tumors with defective autophagy.
The influence of the environment on the variability of monthly tuna biomass around a moored, fish-aggregating device

Fish-aggregating devices (FADs) are increasingly used worldwide to enhance tuna catches. Meanwhile, ecosystem-based management of this fishery is constrained by a paucity of information regarding the interaction of FAD-associated tuna aggregations with their local environment. This paper reports the results of a nine-month study around a FAD moored near Martinique Island, aimed at assessing the effects of the local environment on the variability of monthly estimates of proximate tuna biomass. Dual-frequency, active acoustics provided high-resolution quantitative data on the pelagic community around the FAD, from fish to micronekton forage. Geostatistics were used to compute biomass estimates of the tuna aggregation comprising most of the FAD-associated fish biomass, with a sampling error of 27%. Environmental variability was summarized by a small set of principal components (PCs) derived from profiles of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen vs. depth; and maps of chlorophyll a derived from remotely sensed, sea surface colour. A generalized linear model was used to relate tuna biomass to environmental PCs and revealed a positive correlation between tuna abundance and: (i) a micronekton layer sensed at 38 kHz and potentially consisting of preferred prey at 180-m depth; and (ii) low subsurface salinity (60 – 80 m). These favourable environmental conditions may be related to the presence of North Brazilian Current eddies that migrating tuna follow when not temporally associated with the FADs.
Measuring Environmental Performance for Oil and Gas Development

This study documents environmental performance for firms that extract oil and gas using hydraulic fracturing (fracking) technologies. Environmental performance is measured using public regulatory data for unconventional oil and gas development in the State of Pennsylvania. Using the performance measure, I show considerable variation in environmental performance for companies in the study. Of particular interest is that ‘independent’ oil and gas companies – smaller companies that specialize in exploration and production – performed better on average than the ‘majors’ – the large, international oil companies. The data and methods presented in the study should prove useful to researchers and stakeholders who find the lack of transparency in regulatory systems and environmental reporting a stumbling block to furthering research on environmental performance for firms that employ hydraulic fracturing.
The association of whole grain ontakes with the metabolic syndrome: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA)

Background: Whole grains and their nutrient components have an important protective effect on the metabolic syndrome. Studies are needed to examine their bioactive components in relation to diet and the metabolic syndrome. Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations between dietary intakes of whole grains and the metabolic syndrome. Design: The study subjects were 1516 healthy men and women participating in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Dietary information was collected with 7-day food records, and estimates of whole grain intake were obtained from a newly developed database. Results: A total of 17% (n = 251) of subjects met the definition for the metabolic syndrome. After adjustments for age, sex, and total energy, a modest inverse association was observed between whole-grain intake and the metabolic syndrome [odds ratio (OR): 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.97]; however, this was no longer statistically significant after adjustment for physical
Dynamic Corn Supply Functions: A Model with Explicit Optimization

A model of optimal dynamic agricultural supply is derived and fitted assuming farmers have two annual stochastic crop production activities, a joint limitation on production capacity, interdependencies between past acreage utilization and current productivity, and rational expectations. A five-equation specification is fitted to annual data, 1948–80. Estimated parameters are consistent with the theory, and the model simulates well. The long-run price elasticity of corn acreage is 0.2, which is similar to those obtained from ad hoc dynamic models, but our short-run elasticities are different.
Compact, Broad-Stopband Lowpass Filters Using Sirs-Loaded Circular Hairpin Resonators

A novel compact resonator for LPF is proposed in this paper. It is composed of a circular hairpin resonator and a pair of coupled parallel stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) inside. With the loaded SIRs, additional two transmission zeros can be introduced and adjusted easily to cancel the spurious responses for stopband extending, while do not change the fllter size. Filters using one and two of the new cells were designed and measured. The two-cell LPF has an insertion loss less than 0.6dB from DC to 1.6GHz, including attenuation of double SMA transitions at both sides of the circuit which is about 0.3dB and a wide i10dB stopband from 2.5 to 13GHz (corresponding to 146% normalized 10dB stopband), but has a size of only 0:129‚g £ 0:073‚g.
Are Consumers More Loyal to National Brands than to Private Labels?

The evolution of private labels (PLs) can be understood in terms of a strategy adopted by the retail industry with the aim of competing with national brands (NBs). In the 1990s, this strategy led to the development of ‘me too’ products, which currently represent the largest share of store brand products. Since the early 2000s, retailers have widened the range of their store brands by introducing high‐quality products. The aim of this study was to estimate consumers’ attachment to ‘me‐too’ and niche PLs respectively, as compared to NBs. We captured the degree of maturity of these PLs through their price‐elasticities, computed for three staple goods offered by three mass retail companies. It was found that price sensitivity does not differ much between the ‘me‐too’ PLs and the corresponding NBs. This result confirms that ‘me‐too’ products are now considered reliable quality brands. However, in the high quality segment, consumers remain more sensitive to the price of PLs than to that of NBs, a characteristic which may relate to their recent introduction on the market.
The relationship between medical literacy and trust in healthcare in Romania

The paper discusses the issue of patientsâ€™ trust in Romanian healthcare system, from the point of view of the information they get from the internet. Using cross-tabulations, correlations, and factorial analysis, based on data from the European Values Survey, we track the influence that internet literacy may have on healthcare related behaviour, choice, and trust. Further research should include primary data collection, in order to ensure a better focus on the niche we are interested in, and investigate adjacent factors which may interfere with healthcarerelated information retrieval and formation of patientsâ€™ trust in the healthcare system.
Error estimates for defect correction methods in Doppler tomography

The aim of Doppler tomography is the reconstruction of velocity fields from ultrasonic measurements. The linearized model of this inverse problem is the Doppler transform which integrates projections of the fields along the lines the ultrasonic beams are sent off. Unfortunately the Doppler transform has a non-trivial null space. As a consequence only the solenoidal part of the field can be recovered from the data. This is the reason to develop and investigate methods of defect corrections, which are to improve the reconstruction accuracy. In [J. Inv. Ill-Posed Prob. , 12(6), 597–626, 2004] and [Inv. Prob. , 21,75–91, 2005] two approaches for the defect correction are considered which rely on the Helmholtz decomposition of vector fields. They consist of the solution of corresponding boundary value problems. This article is concerned with a comparison of these two approaches. We state error estimates based on orthogonal decompositions of vector fields, which indicate the improvement in accuracy we may hope for.
Stand off-Annotation für Textdokumente: Vom Konzept zur Implementierung (zur Standardisierung?)*

Stand off -Annotation beschreibt die logische Trennung von Primardaten und Annotation. Dieses Konzept last sich bis in die 90er Jahre zuruckverfolgen und ist seitdem auf vielfaltige Weise interpretiert und implementiert worden. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht, wie sich die verschiedenen Umsetzungen der stand off -Annotation voneinander unterscheiden und versucht Vor- und Nachteile der einzelnen Ansatze herauszuarbeiten, um kunftigen Standardisierungsansatzen im Bereich stand off -Annotation den Weg zu ebnen. Bereits bestehende Standardisierungsansatze werden abschliesend diskutiert.
Impact of chlortetracycline and sulfapyridine antibiotics on soil enzyme activities

Abstract Pharmaceutical antibiotics are frequently used in the livestock and poultry industries to control infectious diseases. Due to the lack of proper guidance for use, the majority of administrated antibiotics and their metabolites are excreted to the soil environment through urine and feces. In the present study, we used chlortetracycline and sulfapyridine antibiotics to screen out their effects on dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activity. Factorial experiments were conducted with different concentrations of antibiotic (0, 10, 25 and 100 mg kg−1 of soil) mixed with soil samples, and the enzyme activity was measured at intervals of 1, 4 and 21 days. The results show that the chlortetracycline and sulfapyridine antibiotics negatively affect the dehydrogenase activity, but the effect of sulfapyridine decreases with time of incubation. Indeed, sulfapyridine antibiotic significantly affect the alkaline phosphatase activity for the entire three-time interval, while chlortetracycline seems to inhibit its activity within 1 and 4 days of incubation. The effects of chlortetracycline and sulfapyridine antibiotics on urease activity appear similar, as they both significantly affect the urease activity on day 1 of incubation. The present study concludes that chlortetracycline and sulfapyridine antibiotics have harmful effects on soil microbes, with the extent of effects varying with the duration of incubation and the type of antibiotics used.
A Monograph on Training Supervisors in the Helping Professions. Pupil Personnel Services: Training Professionals to Anticipate the Challenges of the Future.

This monograph explores the unique relationship between the supervisor and the supervisee in process supervision. Process supervision's first goal is the counselor's internalization of a contemplative attitude toward his/her work. The supervisor should parallel this contemplative attitude toward the counseling process and should create a colleagial rather than hierarchical relationship with his/her supervisee. The supervision process is based upon utilizing the resources of the supervisee in order to enable him to activate or restore his relationships with his clients. Supervision as a time-sequence process is oriented in both the present and the future. Hence, the process of supervision is designed to help the supervisee function more effectively in the future. The use of the "now" indicates what the supervisee hopes and believes will make the difference in the future. This monograph also provides models for supervision in various settings and counseling formats, as well as in the staff development/program development process. (Author/KRP) ***********************************************************************
Relied Security in Dynamic Routing

Secure transmission of data plays a crucial role in the networks. To improve the security many methodologies have been proposed till now like cryptographic designs, intrusion detection, dynamic routing etc. In this paper we consider that the data transmission is done by using the concept of dynamic routing. Sometimes the sender may be neglecting the security due to the lack of personal interest, but the receiver has to take the utmost care. In such cases the receiver may force the sender to transmit the data packets by dynamically routing them in a network and crosschecks whether they are dynamically routed or not. From the source each individual packet will be transmitted through multiple paths i.e. through different nodes. If host name or IP Address of each such node (at first hop) is printed along with the data packet delivered through it, the receiver can ensure that the received data is transmitted in a secured manner.
„Solution Methods for Lot-Sizing Problems – Multi-Level Models with and without Linked Lots“ Verfasser

In this thesis I focus my attention on the lot-sizing problem, which is part of the material requirements planning (MRP). A lot-sizing problem intends to minimize the inventory, setup, and production costs while meeting the required demand. Since producing firms in the globalized economy more and more pay attention to production decisions and costs the lot sizing problem is of prime importance. After a theoretical overview of the lot-sizing problems two different types of the lot-sizing problem are covered in this thesis: Firstly, the multi-level capacitated lot-sizing problem (MLCLS), and secondly the capacitated lot-sizing problem with linked lot sizes (CLSPL). The CLSPL is a big-bucket model that allows to carry over setup states from one period to the next. Furthermore, I test two different mathematical formulations for effectiveness. The solution approach I use is a hybrid algorithm which decomposes the given problem into multiple smaller subproblems. These subproblems are then solved by CPLEX. An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is then applied to determine the lot-sizing sequence and to improve the decomposition. My approach for the MLCLS problem works very well with medium-sized instances, but has difficulties with respect to solution quality when solving large-sized test instances. Good results are obtained for the CLSPL problem.
THE POLITICAL CONSTRUCTION OF OLD AGE AS REFLECTED IN ONLINE DISCUSSIONS

The present paper examines the political construction of ageing and conflicts between generations. The process of construction is driven not merely by institutional actors and opinion leaders in the media, but also by citizens who talk to each other about politics. In my paper I have focused on the latter by observing online discussions that appear on the political forum Index.hu. Disagreement between old people’ and ‘young people’ evolved mainly about the pension system, thus the examination of ageing constructions is embedded in this context. In spite of its numerous limits, the method used seems to be suitable for providing hypotheses for further research. In the first part of the study I present the applied theoretical approach in which the concept of stereotype is connected with the concept of social construction. After that I focus on investigating the activity, origin and contents of the stereotypes that influence the construction of ageing. In the third part of the study the components of the constructions are demonstrated.
Classification of isolates of Vibrio harveyi virulent to Penaeus monodon larvae by protein profile analysis and M13 DNA fingerprinting

A total of 17 Vibrio harveyi isolates were examined for virulence to Penaeus monodon larvae and classified by total soluble protein profiles generated by sodium-dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under reducing conditions. Two isolates out of 17 proved to be virulent. Most isolates fell within 2 protein groups. Group I was characterised by a 42 kDa protein and contained 8 isolates including both virulent isolates. Group I1 was characterised by a 40 kDa polypeptide and contained 7 isolates. A further 2 isolates could not be assigned to either group. Isolates were further characterised by M13 DNA fingerprinting. V. harveyi isolates were compared to V. parahaemolyticus isolates and found to be substantially more diverse in genotype. This suggested high genetic diversity within V harveyj. The separation of isolates into Groups I and I1 by SDS-PAGE was shown to be genetically based, however the 2 virulent isolates classified within Group I did not demonstrate a high genetic association. Based on the present results, it is suggested that virulent isolates within V. harveyi are rare and that virulence may be explained by genetic transfer of virulence factors.
Spectral methods for the spin-2 equation near the cylinder at spatial infinity

We solve, numerically, the massless spin-2 equations, written in terms of a gauge based on the properties of conformal geodesics, in a neighbourhood of spatial infinity using spectral methods in both space and time. This strategy allows us to compute the solutions to these equations up to the critical sets where null infinity intersects with spatial infinity. Moreover, we use the convergence rates of the numerical solutions to read-off their regularity properties.
Expert and novice problem solving behaviour in audit planning: An experimental study

This study compares the decision-making processes of 52 expert and novice auditors in an audit planning task. A process tracing method is used to monitor auditors' information search behavior. Three dimensions of information search behavior are examined using a new method of analysis: information search strategy, information acquisition behavior and search duration. In general, experts and novices exhibited different information search behavior. Experts exhibited a more global search pattern guided by an overall plann.ing strategy. They also acquired significantly less information on internal control but attached more importance to these controls, indicating that they might acquire information more efficiently. Finally, experts were more efficient than novices in terms of information search time and required significantly less time to perform the task.
Raman Scattering as a Selective Probe of Chiral Electronic Excitations in Bilayer Graphene

We report a symmetry resolved electronic Raman scattering (ERS) study of a bilayer graphene device under gate voltage. We show that the ERS continuum is dominated by interband chiral excitations of $A_{2}$ symmetry and displays a characteristic Pauli-blocking behavior similar to the monolayer case. Crucially, we show that non-chiral excitations make a vanishing contribution to the Raman cross-section due to destructive interference effects in the Raman amplitude matrix elements. This is in a marked contrast to optical absorption measurements and opens interesting venues for the use of Raman scattering as a selective probe of chiral degrees of freedom in topological matter and other 2D crystals.
Characterization of Two Novel Bio-based Materials from Pulping Process Side Streams: Ecohelix and CleanFlow Black Lignin

The characteristics of two novel types of technical lignin, namely Ecohelix (EH) and CleanFlow black lignin (CFBL), isolated from two different pulping process side streams, were analyzed. EH and CFBL were analyzed in terms of general composition, chemical functionalities, molar mass distribution, and thermal stability. For comparison, two relevant types of commercially available lignosulfonate and kraft lignin were used. The results showed that EH contains a large amount of sulfonated lignin, together with carbohydrates and ash. As such, it can be considered a lignin-carbohydrate hybrid molecule. CFBL was found to contain 91.5% Klason lignin and the lowest amount of carbohydrates (0.3%). EH showed the highest content of aliphatic OH groups (5.44 mmol/g) and CFBL a high content of phenols (4.73 mmol/g). EH had a molecular weight of 31.4 kDa and a sufficient thermal stability. CFBL had the lowest molecular weight (Mw = 2.0 kDa) and thermal stability of all kraft lignins analyzed in this study. These properties highlighted that EH is a suitable building block for material development and that CFBL is a promising material for the production of biofuel and biochemicals.
Do male orangutans play a hawk–dove game?

Background: (1) The hawk–dove game has been invoked to explain animal fighting. (2) Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) have two forms of reproductively competent males: (a) The matured adult male (MA) has wide cheek pads and a well-developed throat sac used for emitting loud cries. The average weight of matured adult males is more than twice that of adult females. (b) The arrested adult male (AA), although it is old enough to be a matured adult male, remains comparable in size to an adult female and lacks the wide cheeks and throat sacs of matured adult males. Matured adult males are behaviourally dominant, whereas arrested adult males are sneakers and forcibly copulate with females. When the population density of matured adult males is low, sub-adult males develop to matured adults by the age of 5–7 years. When the density of matured adults is high, males become arrested adults. Question: Might game-theoretic models similar to the hawk–dove game explain male dimorphism in orangutans? Models: (1) A modified density-independent hawk–dove game. In each, MA is the hawk and AA is the dove. The value of winning (pay-off) for an MA is larger than that for an AA. But only MAs pay a combat cost. (2) A density-dependent hawk–dove game similar to the first but with pay-offs that decline as population size grows. Results: Density-independent: If an MA’s combat cost is smaller than its payoff when it wins, then AA males always have less fitness than MAs. There should be no dimorphism. But if an MA’s combat cost exceeds its pay-off when it wins, a stable mixed ESS proportion (less than 100%) of males should contain AAs (doves). In the density-dependent model, AAs are part of the ESS even in some circumstances in which the cost is smaller than the pay-off to MA. As population size increases, we see an increase in the breadth of mathematical conditions supporting a stable mixed evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS).