Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ENERGY EFFICIENT FAULT-TOLERANT ROUTING IN GRID BASED WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

— A wireless sensor network is made up of tiny size sensor nodes having the limited computation capability, bandwidth, power supply and storage. These networks are generally deployed in inaccessible tough terrains and hence network failures either due to physical damage or energy depletion are quite inevitable. Also, in the absence of manual intervention, these networks must operate autonomously for which the network must have auto-configuration and self healing capability. In this paper, we propose an Energy Efficient Fault-tolerant Routing (EEFR) in grid based wireless sensor network, which is a node failure detection and recovery strategy. This scheme organizes the randomly deployed sensor nodes into clusters of suitable size cells by constructing a virtual grid over entire sensor field, where grid nodes also perform the data aggregation to eliminate the redundant data. One of the other main reasons for constructing a grid structure is to handle the network topology of the network that is changing dynamically due to node failure. The Grid Nodes (GNs) are used to forward the data from source to sink. Each grid node creates a local zone comprising some sensor nodes that can act as representative of GN when it fails. In this scheme, the shortest path is used for main data delivery and when a GN fails, an alternate node with maximum residual energy within local zone is selected as new GN. The simulation study reveals significant improvement in term of fault tolerance and energy conservation in comparison to existing schemes.
Application Intelligence and Vision in Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things (IoT) is envisioned as billions of sensors connected to the internet through wireless and other communication technologies. Recently IoT received much attention from scientists, industries and governments all over the world for purpose of succeeding and achieving ubiquitous sensing wireless sensor network technology for changing the era of our modern day living. This offers the capability to measure and understand environmental indicators. Building or home automation, social smart communication for enhancement of quality of life that could be considered as one of the application of IoT where the sensors, actuators and controllers can be connected to internet. IoT can be represented as a main enabling factor of promising paradigm for integration and comprehension of several technologies for communication solution, Identification and integration for tracking of technologies as wireless sensor and actuators. The target of this paper introduces the concept of several applications for internet of things and with the discussion of IP for smart device that will arise as the future vision of internet of things.
RNA-Binding Proteins in Escherichia coli

In Escherichia coli RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have a fundamental relationship with gene expression. All the RBPs are combined with uniquely structured domains that target specific arrangements of RNA sequences and/or structures. The interaction between the RBPs and the RNAs generates ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNP). The significant diversity of those domains in Escherichia coli allows the cells to employ them in varied physiological pathways. In Escherichia coli, RBPs control many cytosolic events including protein translation, mRNA decay, ribosomal, and transfer RNA maturations for gene regulation as well as viral infections, down/ upshifting temperature, altered osmotic pressure, reduced nutrient response among other stimuli. Therefore, Understanding the specificity of RBPs and their various functional domains toward their target RNA would introduce valuable tools for biological research as well as potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we address the well and newly characterized RBPs, but not metabolic enzymes, that E. coli express including examples of different stress conditions.
E-Voting Systems Security Issues

In the digital age, democratic systems increasingly resort to technology to support, compliment, or even transform political processes. The growing use of various electronic means in elections reflects the general tendency of increased digitalization, greater outreach, and enhanced mobility in our societies. However, the challenges are considerable. If not carefully planned and designed, e-voting can undermine the confidence in the whole electoral process. The main task of this paper is to introduce the idea of electronic voting systems. This paper outlines the different ways in which voters can vote. We summarize the different phases and the main actors of E-voting systems. We discuss the importance of security in E-Voting systems. We identify the reasons for the growing interest in e-voting in some countries. This paper observes the requirements and the concepts of e-voting system. The focus of this paper leans on the vulnerabilities that may affect e-voting system. We end with our opinion about technical feasibility of electronic voting systems.
Magnetic resonance technique in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Badanie rezonansu magnetycznego (MR) jest coraz częściej wykorzystywane w diagnostyce i dalszej kontroli pacjentów z nieswoistym zapaleniem jelit (IBD). Głównym wskazaniem do wykonania badania jest ocena zmian zapalnych w obrębie jelita cienkiego. Ma to znaczenie w różnicowaniu jednostek IBD, czyli wrzodziejącego zapalenia jelita grubego i choroby Crohna, jak i w ocenie stopnia zaawansowania choroby. MR może być przeprowadzone w dwóch formach – enterografii i enteroklizy. Obie metody różni sposób przygotowania jelita do badania, a mianowicie metoda podaży substancji kontrastującej, mającej za zadanie odpowiednie wypełnienie pętli jelita cienkiego. W enterografii rezonansu magnetycznego kontrast podawany jest doustnie. W przypadku enteroklizy MR kontrast podawany jest z użyciem sondy nosowo-jelitowej. Największymi zaletami badania są brak narażenia na promieniowanie jonizujące oraz wysoka czułość w uwidacznianiu zmian charakterystycznych dla IBD. Dzięki bezpiecznemu charakterowi badania, MR stopniowo zastępuje inne metody wykorzystujące promieniowanie jonizujące. Dużą zaletą MR jest możliwość uwidaczniania zmian pozajelitowych jak ropnie czy przetoki. Autorzy w poniższym artykule przedstawiają technikę badania wraz z opisem możliwych do uwidocznienia zmian charakterystycznych dla IBD.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF MADHUCA INDICA L

INTRODUCTION Free radicals are defined as molecules having an unpaired electron in the outer orbit. They are generally unstable and very reactive. [1] Free radicals may play an important role in the origin of life and biological evolution, implicating their beneficial effects on the organisms. [2] Majority of diseases like atherosclerosis, hyper tension, ischemic disease, alzheimer’s disease, parkinsonism, cancer, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory conditions are caused by free radicals which are being considered to be primarily due to the imbalance between pro oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis. [3] Oxidative stress is a harmful condition that occurs when there is an excess of ROS and a decrease in antioxidant levels, this may cause tissue damage by physical, chemical, psychological factors that lead to tissue injury in human and causes different diseases. [4]
UV-VIS SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY ON PHYTOCONSTITUENTS OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD ROOT TUBER

"Asparagus racemosus Willd. is a well known medicinal plant which has been consumed for long back to cure various ailments". It is rich in medicinally important phytoconstituents as a potential source of compounds possessing beneficial biological activities. These phytoconstituents reflect their fingerprints under spectroscopic characterizations such as UV-Vis, Photoluminescence, FT-IR and Raman studies. Thus, the present study is focused to understand the UV-Vis characteristics of Asparagus racemosus Willd. juice and powder as well as to identify the contained phytoconstituents. The work was undertaken to appraise the UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis of Asparagus racemosus Willd. root tuber in two different forms; juice and powder. The UV-Vis spectra of the root tuber extracts prepared in forms of juice and powder were recorded in the range 200-900 nm. The study confirmed the presence of tannins and flavonoids (phenolic compounds). Tannins and/or flavonoids contained plants have already been used to improve human health and life by curing numerous diseases.
Detection and Prevention of DDOS Flooding Attack in MANET

ThisMobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an example of mobile wireless communication. MANET is infrastructure less network due to dynamic mobile network can be established in any circumstances. Network in MANET is composed of mobile nodes that are self-configured, multi-hop connected through wireless links. Each node is free and changes their position randomly. Denial of service (DoS) attack is one of major security attack in MANET. In this kind of attacks, a group of attacker or single attacker tries to gain access to network in terms of interrupting valid user to serve by an application running on a mobile node. In Denial of service (DoS) flooding attack become a major threat to internet reliability. By DoS Flooding a large volume of attack traffic is generated. The DoS Flooding attack defense is significantly difficult due to the fact that internet lacks accountability at network layer. In this work present the detection and prevention of DoS Flooding attack in MANET. In propose work we calculate the trust of node on the basis of their behavior and on the basis of trust, reputation is calculated. If reputation value is minimum to threshold, then all node blocks this node for particular times and after some time listens this node, if receiving RREQ by this node get RREP so node increase its trust by one. Detection and prevention of Flooding attack can be done by use of proposed algorithm. For implementation we have used network simulator (NS2). We compared result in terms of packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, throughput and routing overhead. text. Keywords— MANET, DDoS, Floodingattack, Pdr.
Comparative Analysis of Various denoising algorithms

: Image Processing & Image De-noising plays a crucial role in copious applications. The image de-noising technique is to improve both visual appearance & interpretability of an image & also provide better output which is used in further application in other automated image processing techniques by suppressing the unwanted information (noise & blur). The proposed work compares different de-noising algorithms (such as Median Filter (MF), Decision Based Median Filter (DBMF), Progressive Switched Median Filter (PSMF), Un-trimmed Median Filter (UMF)) based on the various parameters such as PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio), MSE (Mean Square Error), IEF (Image Enhancement Factor), MAE (Mean Absolute Error). The result is preferred on grayscale as well as on colored images for different noise levels. From the results it is concluded that the UMF reduces the noise effectively.
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF Passiflora spp. BASED ON ISSR AND RAPD

Passion fruit is an important crop in Brazil, therefore the study of its wild species is necessary to expand the passion flora genetic basis. This can be done by using the biotechnology that has enhanced the use of markers in improvement programs. During the germplasm characterization, molecular markers show different use complementing the morphological and agronomic information. This study aimed to characterize and to quantify the intra and interspecific genetic variability of Passiflora spp. accessions, using ISSR and RAPD molecular markers. 146 ISSR and 271 RAPD markers were obtained. They were used to estimate genetic dissimilarities among the accessions. The genetic dissimilarity matrices were used to perform cluster analysis by dendrogram using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method as grouping criterion and by graphic dispersion based on multidimensional scaling, using the principal coordinates method. There was a significant correlation of 0.56 between the genetic distances estimated based on ISSR and RAPD markers. The molecular markers characterization showed high genetic variability and adequate accessions differentiation. There was a clustering tendency of accessions and hybrids of the same species.
A Comparative Study of Deployment Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks

 Abstract — Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) generally are deployed in hostile and remote areas. The major challenge in such ill-disposed areas is to find a tradeoff between desired and contrary requirements for the lifetime, coverage and cost with limited available resources. In this paper, we present the study of various sensor network deployment techniques and their classifications. We mainly classified deployment techniques on the basis of Region of Interest (ROI) characteristics and mathematical approach used by them. On the basis of ROI characteristics, there are three types of deployment approaches like deterministic, random and self-deployment. We further categorize deployment techniques on the basis of four mathematical approaches used to solve the deployment problem like Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Computational Geometry, Artificial Potential Field (APF), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In the last an extensive comparison of deployment techniques on the basis of discussed metrics is presented with their strength and limitations.
A Critical Review of Detection of Privacy Violation in Online Social Network.

- In online social networks (OSNs), users are allowed to create and share content and information about themselves and others. When many entities start distributing content, information can reach unrelated individuals and inference can show more Information about the user. Existing applications do not focus on detecting privacy violations before they occur in the system. This paper aim agent-based representation of a social network, where the agents manage users’ privacy requirements and create privacy agreements with agents. The privacy content, such as the relationship among users, various information in the system. Here argue that commonsense reasoning could be useful to solve some of privacy examples reported in the literature. I t is first reviewed to find out the Privacy violation .
E. coli the most Prevalent Causative Agent Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy: Comparative Analysis of Susceptibility and Resistance Pattern of Antimicrobials

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are the most common infections reported in pregnant women, however the causes of UTI in pregnant women is the change in physiological and anatomical patterns, leading to serious consequences to fetal development and maternal health. The percentages of development of UTI associated morbidity in females are about 40 to 50%, while 5% chances are present in males. However, these chances are deliberately increased in pregnancy. The species responsible for gestational UTIs are the same as that of nonpregnant UTIs out of which about 80 to 90% of UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli (E.coli). For the estimation of the most prevalent UTI pathogen in pregnant female a random data has been utilized by the laboratory reports of gestational UTIs. The results have found E.coli as the most prevalent pathogen involved in gestational UTIs and other prevalent agents include Enterococcus species, Klebsiella species, Group B Streptococcus species, Group B Staphylococcus species and other less prevalent species include Citrobacter 8%, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species. The resistance pattern of several antibiotics against E.coli are as follow: Norfloxicin 67%, Olfloxicn, Amox-clav, Ceftriaxone and Cefuroxime 43%, Ciprofloxacin 33%, Cefepime 29%, Piperacillin and Tazobactam, Amikacin, Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin 14%, whereas Meropenem is found to be 0% resistant (100% sensitive). Resistance patterns of antibiotics against the second most prevalent organism (Enterococcus species) are: Amikacin 100%, Norfloxicin and Gentamycin; Ofloxicin and ciprofloxacin 83%; Meropenem, Cefepime and Fosfomycin 40%; Cefuroxime 33%, Ceftriaxone and Nitrofurantoin 17%, Amox-Clav and Vancomycin 0% (100% sensitivity). Whereas, the third most commonly found resistant organism follows the pattern: Nitrofurantoin 75% resistant, Amox-Clav 50%; Ofloxicin, Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin, Cefuroxime, Norfloxicin, Fosfomycin are resistant about 25%. Whereas, Cefepime, Meropenem, Ceftriaxone are 0% resistant. The results have clearly shown E.coli as the most prevalent microorganism in gestational UTIs.
Analyzing & Enhancing Accuracy of Part of Speech Tagger with the usage of mixed approaches for Gujarati

 Abstract: Tagging an accurate grammar to the specific phrase in sentences could be very crucial undertaking for specific Indian languages . Part of speech tagging is a fundamental manner for one of a kind natural language processing applications like machine translation, speech Recognition etc. Part Of Speech is used for assigning tag the usage of the grammatical statistics of every word of a sentence. We have used statistical approach like Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and rule based method to investigate the accuracy of a part of speech tagger for Guajarati language. In the paper we discussed available tagging strategies for numerous Indian languages. Further we discussed proposed approached with the use of BIS tag set that includes 11 fundamental tags and more than 25 sub tags. Further we practice HMM model for Sports and amusement information set, we are getting accuracy 70% and 56% respectively. After applying rule based approach we achieved 76% accuracy for sports activities and 80% for Entertainment dataset. After that we have used leisure information set with 95614 phrases and we were given 52% accuracy with hmm and 83 % accuracy with the aid of after making use of rules with hmm.
CLONING PROTEASE GENE FROM PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATED FROM HUMAN CORNEAL ULCERATION CASE

In previous paper, clinical strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from human corneal ulceration case. The bacterial cells secreted the extracellular alkaline protease that was partially purified and characterized. The aim of this paper is determined some antibiotics resistance and pyocyanin pigment production , as well as introduced protease encoding gene or genes into Escherichia coli HB101 to study and understand the role of protease enzymes in bacterial pathogenicity to develop therapeutics against P. aeruginosa future researches. Results: The isolate appeared pyocyanin pigment production and extracellular protease and has multiple drug resistances to twelve antibiotics including ampicillin, amikacin, amoxicillin, carbencillin, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, erythromycin, lincomycin, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim and it is sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, neomycin and rifampicin. The plasmid profile of the isolate revealed that the presence of single large plasmid on agarose gel electrophoresis. Plasmid transfer experiment including plasmid transformation and bacterial conjugation into the plasmidless competent cells of E. coli MM 294 (Rif r ), as the recipients strain at a frequency 5x 10 -3 and1.2x10 -4 respectively, appeared that transformed E. coli cells acquired all antibiotic resistances but lincomycin and pyocyanin production. While the transconjugant cells acquired pigment production (pyocyanin) on King's medium and all studied antibiotic resistances including lincomycin that may be indicated multiple resistance genes related to the presence of the conjugative plasmid R68.45 or a derivative of R68 that available in P. aeruginosa. This plasmid is able to mobilize the bacterial chromosome genes from many origins and may be the lin resistance gene and pigment genes included in this transfer into E. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 5.045 Volume 3, Issue 9, 49-60. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 Article Received on 27 August 2014, Revised on 22 Sept 2014, Accepted on 17 Oct 2014
Discovering Capacity in Novel Targets: C. Elegans Toxicological Research

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has risen as a critical creature show in different fields including neurobiology, formative science, and hereditary qualities. Qualities of this creature demonstrate that have added to its prosperity incorporate its hereditary manipulability, invariant and completely depicted formative program, all around portrayed genome, simplicity of support, short and productive life cycle, and little body estimate. These same elements have prompted to an expanding utilization of C. elegans in toxicology, both for robotic reviews and highthroughput screening approaches. We depict a portion of the exploration that has been completed in the territories of neurotoxicology, hereditary toxicology, and ecological toxicology, and additionally high-throughput tries different things with C. elegans including all inclusive screening for sub-atomic focuses of harmfulness and fast danger evaluation for new chemicals. We contend for an expanded part for C. elegans in supplementing other model frameworks in toxicological research.
Comparsion of Performance Parameters of CNTFET Based 3Value Logic Memory cell and CNTFET Based 6T SRAM Using HSPICE

This paper presents a design of a 3ValueLogic memory cell using carbon nano-tube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs). 3VL is a promising alternative to conventional binary logic, as it has better performance in terms of low power and also reduces propagation delay. This cell uses a control gate for the write and read operation to make them separate. Transmission gate is used as control gate in this circuit. The CNTFET used for design has different threshold voltages to achieve ternary logic. This multi threshold voltage is obtained by varying the diameter of the CNT used. Chirality of the CNTFETs is utilized for varying the diameter of the CNT and it also avoids the usage of additional power supplies. The channel length used here is 32nm wide. The power consumption is reduced as there is absence of stand-by power dissipation. Second order effects are removed by using CNTFET in the circuit. The two memory operations, bit read and bit write operation of the 3ValueLogic cell perform correctly at 0.9V power supply. In a3Value Logic, it only takes log3 (2n) bits to represent an n-bit binary number. The various performance parameters of 3VL memory cell and 6T SRAM CNTFET measured using HSPICE
An Introduction on Separating Gray-Sheep Users in Personalized Recommender Systems Using Clustering Solution

Nowadays, regarding the development of the Internet and the uncontrolled increase in the amount of information, users have faced difficulties for retrieving information for webs. To solve retrieving information, Personalized Recommender Systems appeared. These systems provide information appropriate to users’ needs regarding information obtained from them and their behaviors in searching texts. But, one of the commonest difficulties in Personalized Recommender Systems is the existence of users called grey-sheep users. These users have little similarity with other users; therefore, their presence in these systems along with normal users causes the reduction in the precision of predictions and suggestions for the two groups. An appropriate method for reducing the effect of the presence of grey-sheep users is the use of clustering methods. Therefore, in the present study, clustering methods for separating users and reducing the mean absolute error as well as increasing the precision of clustering methods. To separate grey-sheep users, some suggestions for future research were presented.