Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Association of Deletion in the Repeat Region of the Periaxin Gene With Late Onset Motor Neuropathy

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. The protein encoded by the periaxin (PRX) gene has a functional role in the maintenance of peripheral nerve myelin. Mutations in the PRX gene have been identified in autosomal recessive forms of Dejerine-Sottas neuropathy and Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 4F. Both of these conditions are characterized by early onset of a demyelinating neuropathy. Methods: We report two unrelated patients, a Caucasian American and an Asian American patient with late onset progressive neuropathy. We also ascertained family members of the Asian American patient for clinical and genetic evaluation. Results: We report heterozygous deletions in the repeat region of the PRX gene ; the Caucasian patient developed symptoms as a teenager and has a 78 base pair deletion. The Asian patient became symptomatic in his forties and has a 15 base pair deletion and the same deletion was also identified in two other siblings with neuropathy. Both deletion mutations involve the repeat region in exon 7 of the PRX gene . In both patients, electrophysiological analysis demonstrates a predominantly motor neuropathy with demyelinating features. Conclusions: This is the first report of deletions involving the repeat region in exon 7 of the PRX gene . We present epidemiological data and discuss the possible significance of the association of these deletion mutations with neuropathy. d oi: http://dx.doi. org/10.4021/jnr154w
Testing IWC Retrieval Methods Using Radar and Ancillary Measurements with In Situ Data

Abstract Vertical profiles of ice water content (IWC) can now be derived globally from spaceborne cloud satellite radar (CloudSat) data. Integrating these data with Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) data may further increase accuracy. Evaluations of the accuracy of IWC retrieved from radar alone and together with other measurements are now essential. A forward model employing aircraft Lagrangian spiral descents through mid- and low-latitude ice clouds is used to estimate profiles of what a lidar and conventional and Doppler radar would sense. Radar reflectivity Ze and Doppler fall speed at multiple wavelengths and extinction in visible wavelengths were derived from particle size distributions and shape data, constrained by IWC that were measured directly in most instances. These data were provided to eight teams that together cover 10 retrieval methods. Almost 3400 vertically distributed points from 19 clouds were used. Approximate cloud optical depths ranged from.
The Influence of Green Location Strategy, Green Price, and Green Promotions toward Purchase Decision of the property

Green marketing is part of the company's approach to all consumers, with a variety of location-marketing, price, and promotional activities, designed to deliver corporate benefits to minimize the environmental impact of marketed products. Therefore, to increase the benefits for relevant stakeholders an analysis is required in measuring green marketing. This study aims to analyze green location strategy, green price, and green promotions toward the purchase decision either partially or simultaneously. The research method used quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis Three variables measured were green location strategy, green price, and green promotions as the independent variable, a purchase decision as the dependent variable. The object of this research was the property customer as the unit of analysis. Technique of data collection used saturated random sampling with 100 respondents of property customers in Bandung. The statistical analysis used Classical Assumption Test and hypothesis testing test of Z, T and F with significant level (α) 5%. The result indicated significant influence to the green location strategy, green price, green promotions and purchase decision. Both of variables that were green location strategy, green price, and green promotions toward the purchase decision either partially or simultaneously
Configuration of Kenya’s Children’s Television Drama

Children’s film is an artistic genre in its own right with its distinctive character and utility in the society. Machachari is a local television drama that is centred on children. This episodic film, while revolving around slum children and their hustles and survival jaunts in the hard-edged lives of their surroundings, juxtaposes the ghetto children with their well-to-do friends. Just one year since this sitcom was first aired on a Kenyan Television station, Machachari recently won three awards: it was voted “Kenya’s Teenagers’ TV drama Soap of choice”. The TV drama also won “New Show Award” and one of the characters won the “Male Actor Award”. In the Kalasha awards held in September 2011, the equivalent of a Kenyan Oscar, one of the child characters, Baha, won the best actor award. In cognizance of the popularity of this sitcom and in appreciation of its palpable foregrounding of child characters, this study interrogates this very popular sitcom with a view to establishing whether the presentation of the child character with regard to behaviour patterns and theme conforms to true childhood as affirmed by three psychological theorists: cognitively, as prescribed by Jean Piaget; emotionally as outlined by Erik Erikson and lastly, whether the child characters’ conduct is the product of interactive influences, both congenital and experiential as delineated by Robert Sears. Discourse analysis is also employed to determine the communicative import of the utterances of the child characters while appraising their plausibility in illuminating particularities of children’s mental processes and personalities within their milieu.
Towards Adaptive Management of Reindeer Grazing Resources

This thesis aims to create a scientifically founded proposal for improvement of optimal and sustainable use of reindeer pasture resources by an adaptive management approach. Hence, the adaptive management concept is reviewed and discussed with specific reference to reindeer husbandry. Two potential indicators of changes in the grazing resources of reindeer husbandry were investigated and proposals for how these indicators could be monitored are given. Reindeer body condition, estimated from commercial slaughter data, was suggested as proxy for monitoring pasture condition during the snow-free season. Altogether, 430 000 carcass records from 1994-2007 were analysed, together with additional information on body sizes of 699 reindeer. The results showed that between-year variations in body condition (reflecting pasture conditions) were similar in all animal categories. Accuracy of monitoring could be improved by ensuring that ages of calves are correctly classified, differentiating calves by sex, separating yearlings from older animals, and adjusting data for slaughter date. Lichen height measurements were suggested for monitoring changes in winter grazing resources. Results from analysing data collected at totally 31 study sites showed that distances between measurement points should exceed 4 m and that 200-2000 points are needed for detecting changes in lichen height with sufficient statistical power. Large-scale spatial gradients, forest stand structure and moisture levels of lichen also need to be considered. A dynamic model of the reindeer-pasture system was developed. The model consists of three modules describing lichen dynamics in winter pastures, energy dynamics of reindeer and reindeer population dynamics at herd level. The model appears to capture important empirically known mechanisms of the system and have potential utility, after adaptation to the conditions of individual herding districts, as a tool for interpreting monitoring results and evaluating management actions.
Income Redistribution Effect of Public Pensions between Dynastic Families

This paper investigates income transfers between dynastic families caused by a public pension system. Using Japanese data, we present simulation results based on a model in which intergenerational altruism works, and income distribution exists between and within generations. The growth rates of income and population, as well as the formulation for the determination of the contribution rate and the payment rate, are crucial to determine both the qualitative and quantitative effects. Especially, under negative income growth over generations, pay-as-you-go public pensions can cause negative income redistribution. Copyright 2002 by The International Association for Research in Income and Wealth.
THE ROLE OF GROUP EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN MODIFICATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK MAIN FACTORS

Aim – to study the influence of Healthy Schools "Healthy Lifestyle Basis" education on modifying of cardiovascular risk main factors. Materials and methods. 57 patients with cardiovascular diseases were examined. General clinical examination, anthropometric examinations (body weight, height, body mass index, and body composition), blood pressure measurement, and cholesterol determination, as well as its fractions in blood, were carried out before and after training course. The educational cycle included 9 lessons. Results. It was found that Healthy Schools education contributes to better both systolic and diastolic blood pressure monitoring. Thus, initially target blood pressure levels (<140/90 mmHg for patients without diabetes mellitus and <140/85 mmHg in case of diabetes) were observed in 49 % of patients, at the end of the training cycle – in 67 %. At the same time, the patients’ anthropometric parameters (BMI, fat and muscle tissue content, visceral fat) as well as cholesterol and its atherogenic serum fractions, did not change significantly. The patients’ education did not affect motivation level for their lifestyle improvement. So the number of patients consuming less than5 grams of table salt per day and over400 grams of vegetables and fruit did not change significantly. The level of physical activity between the examined patients did not change. Conclusion. The training course “Healthy Schools: Healthy Lifestyle Basis" contributes to improvement of blood pressure level monitoring, but does not significantly affect behavioral risk factors and does not lead to improvement of lipid metabolism monitoring in patients with cardiovascular disease. It is necessary to search for new more effective preventive care models for patients with high cardiovascular risk.
Morphological and molecular identificationof fungal pathogens causing gummosis disease of Citrus spp. in Indonesia

Henuk JBD, Sinaga MS, Hidayat SH. 2017. Morphological and molecular identificationof fungal pathogens causing gummosis disease of Citrus spp. in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1100-1108. Gummosis is one of the most important diseases of citrus. The disease is caused by several species of Phytophthora, i.e. P. nicotianae, P. palmivora, P. citrophthora; as well as Lasiodiplodia theobromae (synonyms: Botryodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia natalensis; teleomorph Botryosphaeria rhodina). The objective of this study was to identify the isolates of fungal pathogens, i.e. Phytophthora spp. and B. theobromae and/or D. natalensis from several different areas of citrus central production in Indonesia based on their morphological and molecular characteristics. This study included two activities, i.e. (i) collection, isolation, and identification of pathogenic fungi from infected tissues, basal stem roots, and soil surface and rhizosphere; and (ii) extraction of genomic DNA and amplification of DNA fragments using PCR technique for molecular characterization. Results of morphological characterization and DNA sequence analysis revealed that gummosis was caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. (Teleomorph Botryosphaeria rhodina (Cooke) Arx. )), and P. citrophthora.
Bailouts for Sale? The Political Economy of the TARP Bill

This paper investigates the extent to which campaign contributions from the financial sector influenced U.S. legislators to support the commercial banking bailout bill (TARP) passed by the United States Congress in October 2008. After expanding on a classic theory of moral hazard and electoral accountability, I use a probit analysis to estimate the probability that a legislator supported the bailout bill. The primary explanatory variables of the TARP bill vote are campaign contributions to legislators from special interest groups and the importance of financial services for employment within Congressional districts. Modeling heterogeneity of districts implies heterogeneous electoral constraints on legislators’ ability to collect rents from and vote in support of the financial special interest. The probit estimation results are nothing new to Public Choice adherents; campaign contributions influence legislative voting and this was true in the case of the banking bailout of 2008.
Documentation of Decisions During the Implementation Phase Through Code Annotations

Many decisions which are made during the implemetation phase of software projects are documented either not at all or through unstructured comments within the source code. This makes the rationale, i.e. the underlying issue with its context, alternative solutions and criteria behind the decision implicit. As a consequence, reproducing the decision later on becomes very difficult. It is thus necessary to make as much of this decision knowledge as possible explicit, since decisions made during the earlier stages are frequently re-evaluated, changed or discarded during the evolution of a software project. This thesis investigates the possibilities and limitations of documenting decision knowledge through annotations in the source code within the Eclipse IDE. For this, an annotation schema is developed and implemented as an Eclipse plug-in. It is investigated, how this schema can be made flexible in the sense that project-specific adjustments to the structure of the decision knowledge should be possible with as less time and effort as possible. Also, annotated decisions are mapped to and kept consistent with an external UNICASE documentation.
The Interplay between Lifestyle Factors and Childhood Obesity: Existing Evidence and Future Research Directions

The level of childhood obesity continues to rise around the world, despite the use of many medical and behavioral interventions against weight gain, and the deployment of a number of significant public health initiatives. Existing interventions targeting obesity of school-age children have focused on nutrition and levels of physical activity are ineffective. Hence, innovative interventions and policies are needed to halt the obesity pandemic. Substantial evidence shows that sleep deprivation reduces the level of physical activity, contributes to development of poor eating habits, and increases the extent of sedentary behavior, all of which increase the risk of obesity. However, the significance of chronic sleep insufficiency and its relationships with these risk factors for obesity is under-recognized. This relatively new research avenue is promising and needs to be further explored. Adopting a new approach that considers the interplay between sleep, physical activity, nutrition and screen time, affected by the 24/7 lifestyle of a society that consumes too much food and is relatively sleepless is expected to revolutionize existing approaches to prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.
Correlations Among New Dental and Cranial Measurements

Cranial and dental anthropometry is commonly used in many areas of research, e.g., in forensicanthropology and paleoanthropology. We propose new craniometric and dental landmarks and distancesthat may have important applications in physical anthropology. Furthermore, a classical anthropometricalapproach was applied to quantify the correlation between dental and cranial measurements,which were taken on 30 Middle Ages adult crania from Sardinia (Italy). Principal components analysis was performed to explore the correlations among inter-landmark distances.The first component showed correlations between the cranial base and maxillary inter-landmarkdistances (the ‘cranial base’ system). The second component exclusively demonstrated correlationsamong maxillary and dental inter-landmark distances (the ‘oral cavity’ system). The third componentshowed positive correlations between the zygomatic and midline maxillary inter-landmark distances,and high negative loadings that include the bilateral styloid process and midline maxillary landmarks(the ‘upper cranium’ system). The inter-landmark dental distances correlate with inter-landmark cranial distances that have notbeen described previously. These data can be applied in other research and clinical areas.
Buckwheat Extract Increases Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) has been known for having strong anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic activities. The free radical theory of aging, also known as the oxidative stress theory of aging, claims that cellular oxidative damage accumulated with time is a major causal factor of aging. In the present study, we investigated the effect of buckwheat extracts on resistance to oxidative stress and aging using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system. Survival under an oxidative-stress condition induced by paraquat increased markedly following 500mg/L buckwheat extracts treatment, suggesting lower cellular oxidative damage by buckwheat extracts. A lifespan assay also revealed that treatment of buckwheat extracts significantly extended both the mean and maximum lifespan in C. elegans. Interestingly, this lifespan-extension by buckwheat extracts was not accompanied by reduced fertility. These findings suggest that buckwheat extracts can confer longevity phenotype to C. elegans through its strong anti-oxidant activity and support the aging theory which emphasizes a pivotal role of oxidative stress during aging.
Distributed leadership in action: leading high-performing leadership teams in English schools

Heroic models of leadership based on the role of the principal have been supplemented by an emerging recognition of the value of ‘distributed leadership’. The work of effective senior leadership teams (SLTs) is an important manifestation of distributed leadership, but there has been only limited research addressing the relationship between this model and leadership teams in education. This article reports the findings of research conducted for the English National College, on high-performing SLTs. The research adopted a case study approach with nine English schools (four secondary, three primary and two special). The schools were defined as ‘high performing’ because they received ‘outstanding’ Ofsted grades overall, and for leadership and management, in inspections conducted in 2008–2009. The research shows that high-performing leadership teams are characterised by internal coherence and unity, a clear focus on high standards, two-way communication with internal and external stakeholders and a commitment to distributed leadership.
GPS Collar Sampling Frequency: Effects on Measures of Resource Use

Abstract A challenge in animal behavior studies using Global Positioning System (GPS) collars is selecting a sampling frequency to accomplish desired goals. High data resolution (i.e., frequent sampling) is appealing, because it maximizes behavioral information garnered. Extended sampling might be needed, however, to describe long term behaviors or seasonal dynamics. Because tradeoffs exist between high data resolution and sampling duration, we evaluated the effects of variable GPS sampling intervals on proportions of pastures used by cattle and distance traveled per day. This was accomplished with GPS collars configured to record cattle positions every 5 min for 15 d in three 829–864-ha pastures. Data were iteratively reduced to simulate increasingly longer GPS recording intervals from once every 10 min up to once daily. Two techniques were used to measure the percentage of pastures accessed by cattle. The first counted only pixels containing GPS coordinates. The second counted pixels containing coordinates and/or traversed by lines between vertices. Expansion of GPS recording intervals decreased (P < 0.01) estimates of the proportion of pastures visited by cattle with rates of decline best fit by exponential decay functions for both line and point techniques (R2 = 0.93 and 0.97, respectively). Spatial errors accompanying less frequent sampling intervals, however, were extremely large with the line technique and misrepresented areas visited by cattle. Expansion of GPS sampling intervals decreased (P < 0.001) distance traveled per day by cattle about 10% with each iteration. If travel corridors or accurate assessments of resources accessed are of critical concern, then longer GPS integration intervals should be avoided because they propagate flawed spatial interpretations. Similarly, if accurate measures of travel distances are critical, we suggest using a relatively frequent GPS recording interval.
Prevalence and Determinants for Overweight and Obesity among Residents of a Mining Township in Kitwe, Zambia, in 2011: A population-based Survey

Background: Obesity and overweight in Africa have been attributed to demogra- phic and nutritional changes that have resulted from urbanization and sedentary lifestyles and increased caloric intake without much physical activities. This has put populations at an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, dyslipidemia, and cancer. The objective of this study was to deter- mine the prevalence and associated factors for combined overweight and obesity among residents of a mining town, Kitwe, in Zambia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using a modified WHO glo- bal Non Communicable Diseases Surveillance Initiative STEPs 1 and 2 method of data collection. Proportions of study participants (25 years or older) who were overweight or obese were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between selected exposure variables and overweight/ obesity.Findings: A total of 1627 individuals participated in the survey, of which 42.3% were males. About half of the participants were of age 25-34 years (56.0%), and 41.7% had attained secondary level of education. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.7% (21.0% among males and 27.3% among females, p=0.005) and 16.9% (8.0% among males and 23.5% among females, p
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a First Aid Training Course on Drivers

Introduction: Natural disasters such as earthquake and erosion, war and accidents have been causing disabilities and death of so many people as well as leaving people homeless. First aid training has an important place in preparation of the community to the emergency situation. Methods: The research was performed to assess the effectiveness of first aid training program for service drivers. Drivers were trained based on a first aid book which was prepared by the researchers, and they were shown how to practice if they need. Data were collected by using pre-test questionnaire, post-test questionnaire and observation form. The collected data were evaluated by percentage, repeated measurements of oneway ANOVA, paired-samples T test, pearson correlation coefficient, and fisher’s exact chi-square test. Results: As a result of this research it was determined that the level of knowledge of service drivers on first aid was increased in posttest. After first aid education, the majority of the drivers received perfect point or near to perfect point in the evaluation of their first aid practices. Conclusion: Based on these results, wide-spreading of the first aid education programs to whole sections of the community with collaboration of the various associations and foundation and constant and practical of this program and nurses that are taking an effective role in first aid training were suggested.