Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards event-based MCTS for autonomous cars

Uncertainty in the behaviours of vehicles surrounding a self- driving car introduces substantial computational complexity in autonomous driving. In this study1, a data-driven approach was used to extract probabilistic models of the behaviours of other cars and exploit them to support a driving system based on Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS). The model selection component of the architecture infers which models better explain the current behaviours of the other vehicles using maximum likelihood estimation for Bayesian model comparison. The inferred behaviours are then used for MCTS- based control to prevent rollouts on models that are not relevant in the current context. While the use of multiple models allows improved efficiency and higher flexibility, it also introduces identification-related issues, which were solved here using Bayesian machine learning. The results obtained from the performed simulations are presented comparing the proposed MCTS architecture when employing multiple models with a naive model of the other vehicles.
Monitoring Tumor Targeting and Treatment Effects of IRDye 800CW and GX1-Conjugated Polylactic Acid Nanoparticles Encapsulating Endostar on Glioma by Optical Molecular Imaging

Molecular imaging used in cancer diagnosis and therapeutic response monitoring is important for glioblastoma (GBM) research. Antiangiogenic therapy currently is one of the emerging approaches for GBM treatment. In this study, a multifunctional nanoparticle was fabricated that can facilitate the fluorescence imaging of tumor and deliver a therapeutic agent to the tumor region in vivo and therefore possesses broad application in cancer diagnosis and treatment. This particle was polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles encapsulating Endostar, which was further conjugated with GX1 peptide and the near-infrared (NIR) dye IRDye 800CW (IGPNE). We demonstrated noninvasive angiogenesis targeting and therapy of IGPNE on U87MG xenografts in vivo using dual-modality optical molecular imaging including NIR fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI). The NIR FMI results demonstrated that IGPNE had more accumulation to the tumor site compared to free IRDye 800CW. To further evaluate the antitumor treatment efficacy of IGPNE, BLI and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed on tumor-bearing mice. With the aid of molecular imaging, the results confirmed that IGPNE enhanced antitumor treatment efficacy compared to free Endostar. In conclusion, IGPNE realizes real-time imaging of U87MG tumors and improves the antiangiogenic therapeutic efficacy in vivo.
Evaluation of Vasopressin for Vasoplegic Shock in Patients With Preoperative Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity-Score Analysis

Purpose: Postoperative vasoplegic shock after cardiac surgery seems to be a frequent complication with poor outcomes. We hypothesized that vasopressin may increase the risk of poor outcomes in patients with preoperative Left Ventricular Dysfunction (pLVD) rather than norepinephrine. The aim of this study was to assess whether vasopressin is superior to norepinephrine to improve outcomes in patients with pLVD after cardiac surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1,156 patients with postoperative vasoplegic shock (mean arterial pressure <65 mmHg resistant to fluid challenge and cardiac index >2.20 L/min m2) and pLVD (left ventricular ejection fraction ⩽35%, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ≥60 mm, New York Heart Association ≥III) from 2007 to 2017. To address any indicated biases, we derived a propensity score predicting the functions of vasopressin (0.02–0.07 U/min) and norepinephrine (10–60 &mgr;g/min) on postoperative vasoplegic shock. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality, mechanical ventilation more than 48 h, cardiac reoperation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, stroke, and acute kidney injury, whereas the secondary outcomes included infection, septic shock, atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. Results: There were 338 patients (169 vasopressin and169 norepinephrine) with a similar risk profile in propensity score-matched cohort. In propensity-matched patients, the primary outcomes of vasopressin and norepinephrine showed no significant difference (50.89% vs. 58.58%, P = 0.155). However, compared with norepinephrine, secondary outcomes of vasopressin were increased due to the high rate of atrial fibrillation (11.83% vs. 20.12%, P = 0.038) and ventricular arrhythmias (14.20% vs. 24.85%, P = 0.014). Conclusions: Compared with norepinephrine, vasopressin could not improve the postoperative outcomes in patients with pLVD after cardiac surgery. Vasopressin should be cautious to be used as a first-line vasopressor agent in postcardiac vasoplegic shock.
Mometasone furoate. A review of its intranasal use in allergic rhinitis.

UNLABELLED Mometasone furoate is a synthetic corticosteroid which has been evaluated for intranasal use in the treatment of adults and children with allergic rhinitis. In several large, well-controlled clinical trials, mometasone furoate 200 micrograms administered once daily as an aqueous intranasal spray was significantly more effective than placebo in controlling the symptoms associated with moderate to severe seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis. Mometasone furoate was as effective as twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate or once-daily fluticasone propionate in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis, and was as effective as twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate and slightly more effective than once-daily oral loratadine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Mometasone furoate was also as effective as twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate or once-daily budesonide, and significantly more effective than placebo in the prophylaxis of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The onset of action of mometasone furoate was approximately 7 hours in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Mometasone furoate was as well tolerated as beclomethasone dipropionate, fluticasone propionate and budesonide in clinical trials, with an overall incidence of adverse events similar to placebo. Adverse events were generally mild to moderate and of limited duration. The most common adverse events associated with mometasone furoate therapy were nasal irritation and/or burning, headache, epistaxis and pharyngitis. Intranasal or oral mometasone furoate had no detectable effect on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in studies of < or = 1 year in duration. CONCLUSIONS Mometasone furoate is a well tolerated intranasal corticosteroid with minimal systemic activity and an onset of action of < or = 7 hours. It is effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis in patients with moderate to severe symptoms.
Harnessing Advances in T Regulatory Cell Biology for Cellular Therapy in Transplantation

Abstract Cellular therapy with CD4+FOXP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells is a promising strategy to induce tolerance after solid-organ transplantation or prevent graft-versus-host disease after transfer of hematopoietic stem cells. Treg cells currently used in clinical trials are either polyclonal, donor- or antigen-specific. Aside from variations in isolation and expansion protocols, however, most therapeutic Treg cell-based products are much alike. Ongoing basic science work has provided considerable new insight into multiple facets of Treg cell biology, including their stability, homing, and functional specialization; integrating these basic science discoveries with clinical efforts will support the development of next-generation therapeutic Treg cells with enhanced efficacy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in knowledge of how Treg cells home to lymphoid and peripheral tissues, and control antibody production and tissue repair. We also discuss newly appreciated pathways that modulate context-specific Treg cell function and stability. Strategies to improve and tailor Treg cells for cell therapy to induce transplantation tolerance are highlighted.
Condition assessment of transformer core CRGO steels due to thermal ageing and their evaluation

Electrical steels with low core loss are prominently used as core material in the transformer due to their unique magnetic properties. The cold rolled grain oriented (CRGO) core steels are used in the transformer construction and their magnetic properties directly affect the efficiency of the transformer. As the transformer life increases there will be degradation in the properties of core material due to ageing and heat generated during in service conditions under load. The thermal ageing study was conducted for different CRGO materials of different grades having core loss of (a) 0.75 (b) 0.80 (c) 0.85 (d) 0.90 and (e) 1.00 expressed in Watts/kilogram and these are further evaluated by different analytical technique, such as XRD, Optical Emission Spectroscopy and magnetic properties for condition assessment of CRGO steel. The thermal ageing study revealed that minor change in chemical composition of major alloy components silicon and aluminum results in increased brittleness of CRGO material, XRD analysis of CRGO steel with insulating coating compound Mg2SiO4 shows deterioration in coating and the effect of thermal ageing for all the grades are noticed in magnetic and insulation properties namely core loss and surface insulation resistance respectively.
Why do plants need so many cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors?

ABSTRACT Cell cycle regulation is fundamental to growth and development, and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors (CKIs) are major negative regulators of the cell cycle. Plant genomes encode substantially more CKIs than metazoan or fungal genomes. Plant CKIs fall into 2 distinct families, KIP-RELATED PROTEINS (KRPs) and SIAMESE-RELATED proteins (SMRs). SMRs can inhibit both S-phase and M-phase CDK complexes in vitro and are transcribed throughout the cell cycle, yet SMRs do not inhibit DNA replication in vivo. This suggests that SMRs must be activated post transcriptionally after the start of S-phase, but the mechanism of this hypothesized activation is unknown. Recent work indicates that even distantly related SMRs have the same biochemical function, and that differential transcriptional regulation likely maintains their distinct roles in integrating various environmental and developmental signals with the cell cycle.
Measuring Workplace Climate in Community Clinics and Health Centers

Background:The effectiveness of community clinics and health centers’ efforts to improve the quality of care might be modified by clinics’ workplace climates. Several surveys to measure workplace climate exist, but their relationships to each other and to distinguishable dimensions of workplace climate are unknown. Objective:To assess the psychometric properties of a survey instrument combining items from several existing surveys of workplace climate and to generate a shorter instrument for future use. Materials and Methods:We fielded a 106-item survey, which included items from 9 existing instruments, to all clinicians and staff members (n=781) working in 30 California community clinics and health centers, receiving 628 responses (80% response rate). We performed exploratory factor analysis of survey responses, followed by confirmatory factor analysis of 200 reserved survey responses. We generated a new, shorter survey instrument of items with strong factor loadings. Results:Six factors, including 44 survey items, emerged from the exploratory analysis. Two factors (Clinic Workload and Teamwork) were independent from the others. The remaining 4 factors (staff relationships, quality improvement orientation, managerial readiness for change, and staff readiness for change) were highly correlated, indicating that these represented dimensions of a higher-order factor we called “Clinic Functionality. ” This 2-level, 6-factor model fit the data well in the exploratory and confirmatory samples. For all but 1 factor, fewer than 20 survey responses were needed to achieve clinic-level reliability >0.7. Conclusions:Survey instruments designed to measure workplace climate have substantial overlap. The relatively parsimonious item set we identified might help target and tailor clinics’ quality improvement efforts.
Risk of histological transformation and therapy‐related myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukaemia in patients receiving radioimmunotherapy for follicular lymphoma

Histological transformation (HT) of follicular lymphoma (FL) to an aggressive lymphoma after chemotherapy remains a key issue. The incidence of HT after radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is unknown. This single institution study analysed the risk of HT in FL after treatment with yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan in 115 consecutive patients treated during 1987–2012. RIT was administered for progressive FL in 111 (97%) patients and as first‐line therapy in the remaining 4. 28% (n = 32) had HT, occurring at a median of 60 months from diagnosis and 20 months after RIT. 48% (12/25) of patients who received fludarabine developed HT. The estimated 10‐year risk of HT in the fludarabine and non‐fludarabine groups was 67% and 26% respectively (P = 0·015). Only prior fludarabine was significantly associated with predicting the risk of HT after RIT. 8% (9/115) of patients developed therapy‐related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukaemia (tMDS/AML) at a median of 41·4 months (range, 5–89). The estimated 10‐year risk of tMDS/AML in non‐fludarabine treated patients (n = 90) versus fludarabine treated (n = 25) was 13% and 29%, respectively. The estimated overall risk of FL undergoing HT at 10 years without fludarabine exposure appears similar to patients reported in the literature that have not received RIT. Patients with prior purine‐analogue therapy are at significantly higher risk of HT.
Fetal Cardiac Remodeling in Response to Anemia: Using Hemoglobin Bart’s Disease as a Study Model

Abstract Objective To assess fetal cardiac remodeling in response to anemia, by comparing the fetal cardiac dimensions and global sphericity index (GSI) of normal fetuses and fetuses with anemia using fetal Hb Bart’s disease as a study model. Methods Fetuses at risk for Hb Bart’s disease undergoing cordocentesis at 18 to 22 weeks of gestation were recruited. Fetal cardiac dimensions including GSI (cardiac length to cardiac width ratio), interventricular septum thickness (IVST), left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) and right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT) were measured. Results 215 pregnancies at risk met the inclusion criteria, including 54 affected fetuses and 161 normal fetuses. The mean GSI was significantly lower in the affected group (1.11 ± 0.06 vs. 1.26 ± 0.09, p-value 0.017). The GSI of the normal group was relatively constant regardless of gestational age. The IVST and LVWT tended to increase, but not significantly, in the affected group, whereas the RVWT was minimally but significantly increased. The ROC curve for GSI had an area under curve of 0.844. The best cut-off of GSI was 1.17, giving a sensitivity of 74.1 % and a specificity of 88.2 %. Conclusion Fetal cardiac remodeling in response to anemia causes a marked decrease in global GSI with minimal hypertrophy as an adaption to volume overload. Importantly, GSI is a new maker for anemia and may play a role in clinical application for early detection of fetal anemia, possibly due to any cause. Additionally, GSI measurement is simple and gestational age-independent.
A novel approach for multiple DG allocation in distribution system of jaipur city

A novel approach has been proposed in this paper to find out optimal position of DG units in radial distribution system. An objective function is formulated to find out the optimal size, quantity and position of DG units for real power loss reduction and voltage profile enhancement. A new mathematical expression, Power Voltage Sensitivity Constant (PVSC), has been proposed to solve the allocation problem. The total size of DG units is also restricted up to 50% of total load of system. The results of the proposed technique are validated on standard IEEE 33 bus system and 130 bus real distribution system of Jamawaramgarh, Jaipur city. The obtained results are compared with latest optimization techniques to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
The carboxylic acid transporters Jen1 and Jen2 affect the architecture and fluconazole susceptibility of Candida albicans biofilm in the presence of lactate

Abstract Candida albicans has the ability to adapt to different host niches, often glucose-limited but rich in alternative carbon sources. In these glucose-poor microenvironments, this pathogen expresses JEN1 and JEN2 genes, encoding carboxylate transporters, which are important in the early stages of infection. This work investigated how host microenvironments, in particular acidic containing lactic acid, affect C. albicans biofilm formation and antifungal drug resistance. Multiple components of the extracellular matrix were also analysed, including their impact on antifungal drug resistance, and the involvement of both Jen1 and Jen2 in this process. The results show that growth on lactate affects biofilm formation, morphology and susceptibility to fluconazole and that both Jen1 and Jen2 might play a role in these processes. These results support the view that the adaptation of Candida cells to the carbon source present in the host niches affects their pathogenicity.
Security Modeling and Analysis on Intra Vehicular Network

Controller Area Network (CAN), the de facto standard in-vehicle network protocol, prompts modern automobile an integrated system that achieves real-time interactions with roads, vehicles and people. Yet such connectivity makes it feasible to illegally access, or even attack the CAN, causing not only privacy disclosure, property damage, but also life threat. In this paper, we analyze intrinsic weakness in CAN protocol that is mostly exploited by attackers and comprehensively survey the existing attacks based on CAN interfaces. Furthermore, we propose an attack evaluation system based on attack tree model and Markov chain to assess the probability of compromising CAN and the steady state of CAN system at the presence of these attacks. Finally, we simulate new steady state when altering the difficulty of a certain attack and the results demonstrate that sometimes improving defense of an attack declines the security level of the entire system instead.
Membrane Localization of Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 in Tumor Cells May Predict Response to Adjuvant Gemcitabine in Resected Cholangiocarcinoma Patients.

BACKGROUND The use of gemcitabine as an adjuvant modality for cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is increasing, but limited data are available on predictive biomarkers of response. Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT-1) is the major transporter involved in gemcitabine intracellular uptake. This study investigated the putative predictive role of hENT-1 localization in tumor cells of CC patients undergoing treatment with adjuvant gemcitabine. METHODS Seventy-one consecutive patients with resected CC receiving adjuvant gemcitabine at our center were retrospectively analyzed by immunohistochemistry for hENT-1 localization in tumor cells. The main outcome measure was disease-free survival (DFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) of relapse and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from proportional hazards regression models stratified on quintiles of propensity score. RESULTS Twenty-three (32.4%) cases were negative for hENT-1, 22 (31.0%) were positive in the cytoplasm only, and 26 (36.6%) showed concomitant cytoplasm/membrane staining. Patients with membrane hENT-1 had a longer DFS (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.99, p = .046) than those who were negative or positive only in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Notably, the association between DFS and membrane hENT-1 was dependent on the number of gemcitabine cycles (one to two cycles: HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.34-2.68; three to four cycles: HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.34-2.90; five to six cycles: HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.10-0.77). CONCLUSION hENT-1 localization on tumor cell membrane may predict response to adjuvant gemcitabine in CC patients receiving more than four cycles of chemotherapy. Further prospective randomized trials on larger populations are required to confirm these preliminary results, so that optimal gemcitabine-based chemotherapy may be tailored for CC patients in the adjuvant setting. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Gemcitabine is becoming an increasingly used adjuvant modality in cholangiocarcinoma (CC), but limited data are available on predictive biomarkers of response. In this study, patients receiving more than four cycles of adjuvant gemcitabine and harboring Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT-1, the major transporter involved in gemcitabine intracellular uptake) on tumor cell membrane had a longer disease-free survival compared with patients negative or positive for hENT-1 only in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Overall these results may lay the basis for further prospective randomized trials based on a larger population of patients and may prove useful for tailoring appropriate gemcitabine-based chemotherapy for CC patients in the adjuvant setting.
Squat Vertical Jump of a 3DOF Robot Leg over an Inclined Plane: Analysis with Joint Torque Profile Approximation

This work shows an analysis of the movement of a robot with an articulated leg (without a toe) of 3 degrees of freedom (3DOF) when performing a squat vertical jump over an inclined plane. We propose two different approaches to model this problem. The first method estimates the ankle position and foot orientation at the landing time, using the non-zero angular momentum and the plane tilt angle; thus, the foot orientation can be corrected during the time in the air, which achieves greater contact area when the robot land. The second method adjusts the relative position of the CoM (Center of Mass) to the horizontal axis in order to infer the joint torque profile in different tilt angles of the plane. Matlab simulation results show that, the ankle is the most affected joint whereas the plane tilts with the same jump pattern. Having a range of inclination values of ± &#960;/18, the torque variation changes from 35.82% to 2.59%, which proves the efficiency of the evaluated cases.
Otolaryngologist adherence to the AAO‐HNSF Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Practice Guideline

In February 2015, the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNSF) published the Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Practice Guideline (AR‐CPG). The objective of this study was to assess otolaryngologists’ perception of the accuracy and adherence to the AR‐CPG.
Detect QRS complex in ECG

Thanks to the Electrocardiography (ECG) signal and its features, some serious heart diseases can be diagnosed and treated at the early stage. In this paper, we focus on the detecting QRS complex of ECG, more specifically, the R wave. While Pan — Tompkins's algorithm effectively extracts R peak, our new algorithm bases on Pan – Tompkins's model giving the same results but providing possibility of detecting separately Q, R and S features. In order to verify the performance of our method, we compared extracted features (R feature) of the new algorithm built on Simulink with the results from the original Pan – Tompkins's algorithm reassembled in Matlab. Besides, the delay and error analysis of the new algorithm on real-time system (TMS320C6713 DSK) had been done and gain some preliminary results.