Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promising antibacterial activity of a mat of polycaprolactone nanofibers impregnated with a green nanogel

Skin is the body's first defense line against environmental pathogens. However, open skin wounds can interfere with the normal function of the skin and the entry of opportunistic bacteria into the body. Recently, the development of nano-dressing containing green antibiotics has been received much attention around the world. In this study, the essential oil of Citrus sinensis (CSEO) was used as an antibacterial agent. The ingredients of CSEO were identified by GC-MS analysis with five major components of Limonene (61.83%), trans-p-2, 8-Menthadien-1-ol (4.95%), Trans-Limonene oxide (2.29 %), Cis- Limonene oxide (2.58 %), and trans-Carveol (2.90%). Nanogel of CSEO was prepared by the addition of a gelling agent (carbomer 940 2%) to its optimum nanoemulsion with a particle size of 125 ± 4 nm. Also, electrospun nanofibers of polycaprolactone with a mean diameter of 186 ± 36 nm were prepared. Characterization of the nanofibers, including SEM, ATR-FTIR, and contact-angle measurement, were carried out. After that, the nanogel was impregnated on the surface of the nanofibers, NGelNFs. Interestingly, NGelNFs completely inhibited the growth (~ 0%) of four important human bacteria strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia. The prepared prototype, NGelNFs, can be used as a potent antibacterial agent. Furthermore, this work introduced an effective and new method for the preparation of green antibacterial agents as well as antibiotic-free wound dressings.
Hidden patterns of codon usage bias across kingdoms

The genetic code encodes 20 amino acids using 64 nucleotide triplets or codons. 18 of the 20 amino acids are encoded by multiple synonymous codons which are used in organismal genomes in a biased fashion. Codon bias arises because evolutionary selection favours particular nucleotide sequences over others encoding the same amino acid sequence. Despite many existing hypotheses, there is no current consensus on what the evolutionary drivers are. Using ideas from stochastic thermodynamics we derive from first principles a mathematical model describing the statistics of codon usage bias and apply it to extensive genomic data. Our main conclusions include the following findings: (1) Codon usage cannot be explained solely by selection pressures that act on the genome-wide frequency of codons, but also includes pressures that act at the level of individual genes. (2) Codon usage is not only biased in the usage frequency of nucleotide triplets but also in how they are distributed across mRNAs. (3) A new model-based measure of codon usage bias that extends existing measures by taking into account both codon frequency and codon distribution reveals distinct, amino acid specific patterns of selection in distinct branches of the tree of life.
A comparative study of Ural Owl Strix uralensis breeding season diet within its European breeding range, derived from nest box monitoring schemes

ABSTRACT Capsule: Voles are the main prey of the Ural Owl Strix uralensis in Europe, with larger prey and higher prey diversity being positively associated with owl breeding performance. Aims: To assess the breeding diet and its influence on the breeding performance of the Ural Owl across a north–south gradient of its European range using nest box monitoring data. Methods: Comparable monitoring of nest boxes in different biogeographical regions of Europe (Finland, Latvia, Slovenia) and diet analysis from nest samples to assess the taxonomic and trait influence of prey on owl breeding performance in different environments. Results: High plasticity in the Ural Owl hunting behaviour under different prey availability conditions resulted in significant differences between regions and years. Voles formed the highest proportion of the diet in all studied regions. Owl brood size was positively associated by higher proportions of voles and mice in the diet, and with increasing proportions of seasonally available larger prey and consequently prey diversity. Brood size was negatively associated with the proportion of non-mammalian and predominantly forest-living prey. Conclusions: The study highlighted the importance of comparative studies of raptor ecology across their geographical ranges in different environmental conditions to reveal undiscovered patterns, which may go undetected when conducting studies at the regional scale only.
Investigations of age- and plaque-related learning deficits in PDAPP mice and evaluations of anti-amyloidosis strategies on amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice

1 Chapter 1: Introduction. 1.1. The background of Alzheimer's disease. 1.1.1. Dementia and the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease 3 1.1.2. Clinical diagnostic methods for Alzheimer's disease 4 1.1.3. Neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease 5 1.2. Aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. 1.2. 1. The cholinergic hypothesis 7 1.2. 2. The tau hypothesis 8 1.2. 3. The amyloid cascade hypothesis 9 1.3. Molecular basis of Alzheimer's disease. 1.3. 1. APP mutations and early onset of AD 11 1.3. 2. Presenilins and early onset of AD 15 1.3. 3. Apolipoprotein E and late onset of AD 18 1.3. 4. Tau and AD 20 1.4. Modelling Alzheimer's disease. 1.4. 1. Primate models of AD 22 1.4. 2. Mouse models of AD 23 1.4. 3. Bear models of AD 23 1.4. 4. Canine models of AD 23 1.4. 5. Aluminium injection model of AD 23 1.4. 6. Lesion models of AD 23 1.4. 7. Cholesterol-fed rat model of AD 24 1.4. 8. Ap infusion models of AD 24 1.5. APP transgenic mouse models for Alzheimer's disease. 1.5. 1. The APP751 (SciosNova) mouse 26 1.5. 2. The PDAPP mouse 27 1.5. 3. The Tg2576 mouse 28
DIFFERENT MATERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCE ON THE BABIES WEIGHT AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN WARANGAL, A.P., INDIA

Background: Low birth weight is the key determinant of infant survival, health and development. LBW is now the leading cause of death globally for children five. The health of a pregnant woman has a profound effect on the health of the fetus and new born. This study was carried out to find out the impact of different maternal factors on the birth weight of newborns. Aim and objectives: To find out different maternal factors influence on the babies weight and to study which one of the various factors had maximum influence on low birth weight. Method: Total 120 patients were recruited for the study, consisted of 60 LBW as cases and NBW as controls. A personal interview was carried out with the pre-designed questionnaire information regarding the maternal factors like maternal age, parity, spacing between pregnancies, maternal education, mother occupation was noted. The results were analyzed and computed. Results: Among study population the average weight of the low birth weight babies was 1.624 ± 0.41(in grams). The mean age among the mothers of neonates was found to be 21.95±4.47. Maternal age <than 19 years, had high proportions of low birth weight babies (50%). Laborers’ occupation had a negative effect on the birth weight as compared to housewives and service class women. The birth interval and bad obstetric history of mother were significantly associated with birth weight of the new born. Conclusion: Maternal gestational age at the time of delivery was the only single parameter had significant negative impact on birth weight. Maternal occupation, maternal education, previous bad obstetric histories were Muppa Leena*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology IJPT| March-2020| Vol. 12 | Issue No.1 | 32020-32027 Page 32021 also found to be a major risk factor responsible for LBW. Improving female literacy, optimizing the age of pregnancy, adoption of temporary family planning practices for regulating fertility might improve the birth weight of new born babies.
Frecuencia de anticuerpos contra Hantavirus en agricultores de arroz de una región tropical en el noreste del Perú

Introduction. There is little evidence of hantavirus exposition in Peru. Cases and seroprevalence studies in febrile and asymptomatic persons are from Loreto region; however, there are occupational groups exposure to reservoirs in areas without know virus circulation. Objectives. To determinate the frequency of antibodies against hantavirus in rice farmers of a valley in a subtropical area of Peru. Methods: Cross-sectional study in a random sample of 250 rice farmers enrolled in 2010 in Alto Mayo Valley (San Martin region) that included blood sample obtention, in whose serum the presence of IgG antibodies was determined by indirect ELISA, and IgM antibodies by capture ELISA. Results: We identified a case with IgM antibodies (0,40%, 95% CI: 0,01 to 2,21), we did not find farmers with IgG antibodies. The case had frequent contact with rats and rodents in the home and crop field. Conclusion: We show the first serological evidence of hantavirus infection in the San Martin region.
Caracterização molecular e filogenética de dois genomovírus associados a plantas silvestres no Brasil

Genomovirus is a group of virus spread around the world in association with several organisms and environments. In this work, we identified two genomoviruses of Gemycircularvirus genus associated with two non-cultivated plants in Brazil, Momordica charantia and Euphorbia heretofila. Both viruses present the general structure of genomoviruses and reveled some unique features. The ability of these viruses to infect organisms in the three life domains and their spread in several diverse environments suggestthat the genomoviruses are an important virus group in nature. Since 2010, when it was first discovered, genomoviruses were described in association with different environments and organisms, such as animals, fungi and plants (Krupovic et al., 2016). Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulenceassociated DNA 1 (SsHADV-1), the first genomovirus to be characterized, causes hipovirulence in the phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. SsHADV-1 was also reported as the first ssDNA virus infecting fungi (Yu et al., 2010). Its genome consists of a circular single stranded DNA with 2100
An array of directional sensors (cardioid sensors or figure-8 sensors), diversely orientated but spatially collocated : their beam-patterns

This dissertation contains four related investigations: 1. A Triad of Cardioid Sensors in Orthogonal Orientation and Spatial Collocation – Its Spatial-Matched-Filter-Type Beam-Pattern: This work proposes a new configuration of acoustic sensors – three cardioid sensors in perpendicular orientation and spatial collocation, in order to increase the mainlobe-tosidelobe height ratio (possibly to∞). This study will analyze such a proposed triad’s “spatial matched filter” beam-pattern that is independent of the frequency/spectrum of the incident signal. Specifically, this investigation will analytically derive (i) the mainlobe’s pointing error in azimuth-elevation, (ii) the mainlobe’s two-dimensional beam “width”, (iii) the necessary and sufficient conditions for any sidelobe to exist, (iv) the mainlobe-to-sidelobe height ratio, and (v) the array gain. These above characteristics depend on the cardioids’ “cardiodicity parameter” and on the beam’s nominal “look direction”. This work is first in the open literature to propose and to investigate a collocated triad of orthogonally oriented cardioids. The findings show that the proposed cardioid triad can have higher mainlobe-to-sidelobe height ratio and can avoid sidelobes altogether. Its physical compactness makes it portable for mobile deployment, indoor or outdoor. This work has been published in the IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing (authors include the candidate, his chief supervisor and another collaborator). 2. Cardioid Microphones/Hydrophones in a Collocated and Orthogonal Triad – A New Beamformer with No Beam-Pointing Error: Cardioid sensors offer low sidelobes/backlobes, compared to bi-directional sensors (like velocity-sensors). Three cardioid sensors, in orthogonal orientation and in spatial collocation, have recently been proposed in Chapter 1; and such a cardioid-triad’s “spatial matched filter” beam-pattern has been analyzed therein. That beam-pattern, unfortunately, suffers pointing error, i.e. the spatial beam’s actual peak direction deviates from the nominal “look direction”. Instead, this study will propose a new beamformer for the abovementioned cardioidic triad to avoid beam-pointing error. Also analytically derived here is this beam-pattern’s lobes’ height ratio, beamwidth, directivity, and array gain. This work is under review by the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (authors include the candidate, his chief supervisor and another collaborator).
Hybrid E-beam lithography and process improvement for nanodevice fabrication

Maskless lithography is versatile and suitable for demonstrators covering a large field of applications for advanced devices. Hybrid lithography is a technique reducing significantly writing time by coupling an e-beam tool and a mask-based DUV optical tool. This novel approach involves two consecutive exposures using a unique e-beam resist following by a single development step, unlike complex “mix-and-match” multiple patterning strategies. Besides the matching of e-beam resist sensitivity to both e-beam/DUV exposures, we demonstrate high-resolution capability of CAR resists down to 30nm, while reducing writing time by a factor of 6 by using the hybrid approach. The overlay (OVL) performance between these 2 lithography steps and towards the previous levels meets also the alignment requirements and capabilities.
Natural variation in chemoattraction in the gastropod parasitic nematodes Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, P. neopapillosa and P. californica exposed to slug mucus

Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is a lethal parasite of several slug species and has been formulated into a biological control agent for farmers and gardeners. Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita responds to slug faeces, mucus and volatile cues to find hosts in soil. However, these results have only focused on one strain of P. hermaphrodita (DMG0001). We exposed four strains of P. hermaphrodita (and DMG0001), three strains of P. neopapillosa and two strains of P. californica to mucus from seven common slug species. Furthermore, we investigated whether there was a relationship between chemoattraction and the numbers of offspring that were produced on each host species. Natural isolates of P. hermaphrodita differed in their preference of slug species whereas P. neopapillosa tended to prefer Arion sp. and strains of P. californica displayed striking differences in their responses. The reasons for positive chemoattraction to mucus were not due to higher numbers of offspring produced on these hosts.
Assessment of Wound Healing Activity of Green Synthesized Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles using Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost effective and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. The present work investigates the synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) by green approach using Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida leave extracts. The detailed characterization of theTiO2 NPs was carried out using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Xray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The green synthesized TiO2 NPs excitation was confirmed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer at 270 and 290 nm for Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida respectively. SEM revealed that the synthesized TiO2NPs were spherical and crystalline in nature. The overall sizes are 40 and 50 nm for Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida respectively. FTIR spectroscopic analysisshowed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols and amide groups likely to be responsible for the green synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles usingS. Spinosa and B . sapida aqueous leaf extracts. The XRD pattern showed the characteristic Bragg peaks of (111), (200), (220) and (311) facets of the anatase titanium oxide nanoparticles and confirmed that these nanoparticles were crystalline and spherical in nature. Furthermore, the green synthesized TiO2 NPs wound healing activity was examined in the excision wound model by measuring wound closure, histopathology and protein profiling. This revealed significant wound healing activity in Albino rats. In the present study, topical application ofnanoformulated extracts of B. sapidaa nd S. spinosa significantly accelerated wound healing with 20% nanoformulated ointment having the highest percentage wound contraction ability comparable with gentamicin (a commercially sold antimicrobial agent used in dressing wounds). In conclusion, this work proved the capability of using TiO2 NPs to deliver a novel therapeutic route for wound treatment in clinical practice. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/jasem.v24i2. 2 Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Hassan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCL), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dates: Received: 16 November 2019; Revised: 11 January 2020; Accepted: 22 February 2020
Occurrence of Microbial Loads in Smoked Fishes Marketed in the Lakeside Village of Guezin (Southern Benin) and Associated Microbiological Hazards

Fish is highly nutritious with high protein content. However, it is a suitable medium for growth of microorganisms, if poorly processed. This study reports the occurrence of microbial loads in smoked fishes marketed in the lakeside village of Guezin (Southern Benin) and associated microbiological hazards. The results obtained indicated that the fish smoking activity in the lakeside village, is exclusively done by women (100%), in households and an informal situation, using traditional equipment. A total of thirteen species of fish, such as Manta birostris, Marcusenius Senegalensis, Liza falcipinis, Hydrocynus brebis, Elops lacerta valvercienne, Silurus linnaeus, Silurus glanis, Arius africanus, Heterotis niloticus, Strongylura senegalensis valenciennes, Ethmalosa finbriata, Gymnocranius griseus and Ameiurus melas are mostly smoked in this area. Microbial loads determined by using standard microbiological procedures, underlined the contamination of smoked fishes by microorganisms, with a high occurrence of Aspergillus strains (83.31%). This occurrence of fungi species could be due to absorption of moisture during storage, which could supported the growth of the microorganisms, in addition to the contamination during processing, handling and display on the market stall. It is then recommended that fish processors should ensure that fish products are properly hot smoked and dried so as to prevent fungal growth and mycological hazards.
DETECTION OF DDOS ATTACKS BASED ON DENSE NEURAL NETWORKS, AUTOENCODERS AND PEARSON CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

vi List of Abbreviations Used . vii Acknowledgements . viii Chapter
Síndrome de Klinefelter, uma condição subdiagnosticada: Revisão de literatura

Introducao: A incidencia da Sindrome de Klinefelter (SK) e de 1/600 nascimentos e representa uma das causas mais frequentes de infertilidade masculina, a heterogeneidade clinica faz que esta condicao seja subdiagnosticada. Objetivos do estudo: Revisar e apresentar uma atualizacao da literatura quanto a descricao da sindrome de Klinefelter, abrangendo o mecanismo celular, as caracteristicas clinicas, fisiopatologia, diagnostico e tratamento. Metodologia: Revisao seletiva da literatura na base de dados: Medline/PubMed sem restricao de data. Utilizando alguns descritores isoladamente e em combinacao, sendo considerado todo material com informacoes sobre as caracteristicas da SK de acordo com o objetivo da pesquisa. Resultados: O fenotipo classico e conhecido, porem muito variado e relativamente leve, o que justifica a razao de muitos individuos nao receberem atencao clinica ate a idade adulta. Somente 25% do numero esperado de individuos sao diagnosticados e, destes, uma minoria e diagnosticada antes da puberdade. Na SK ocorre uma falencia testicular primaria, com niveis de gonadotrofina elevados, gerados pela perda de inibicao por feedback da glândula pituitaria. O grau de disfuncao hormonal e variavel, sendo muitas vezes normal ate a puberdade. Entretanto a presenca da espermatogenese e uma transicao da degeneracao progressiva nos tubulos seminiferos que ocorre apos a puberdade. O diagnostico utilizando a citogenetica e pouco citado, normalmente, so e realizado como ultima opcao. Consideracoes Finais: A SK e subdiagnosticada, sendo a citogenetica uma ferramenta importante no diagnostico e o diagnostico precoce poderia evitar ou minimizar algumas complicacoes que aparecem ao longo da vida do individuo com a SK.
Quad-spectral Unaided Experimental Scanner of Topography on BEXUS 27

This paper describes the REXUS/BEXUS experiment forQuad-spectral Unaided Experimental Scanner of Topography(QUEST). QUEST as part of the REXUS/BEXUS program was designed, developed, built, tested and operated by a team of 17 students from different German universities. It scanned the planet surface by analysingan array of four light sensors (RGB and IR) and two spectrometers. A reusable cluster algorithm determined autonomously onboard an overview image of the surface with marked areas depending on the type of the surface. Furthermore, the algorithm’s data base was generated and optimized before and during flight. Regarding the hardware a modular sensor framework with standardized interfaces was implemented. The project has been a successful step to the designated target to build an autonomous system which could be used in interplanetary missions with demanding constraints on the bandwidth.
Superpixel Image Segmentation Based on Improved K-means

Superpixel algorithm is the pretreatment of the image processing steps, in the processing of computer vision, precision of the superpixel algorithm is very important. In order to improve the accuracy of superpixel segmentation, an improved k-means algorithm for superpixel segmentation is proposed. This algorithm uses the improved k-means algorithm to cluster the images. By changing the calculation method of distance, it improves the measurement of similarity, improves the accuracy of segmentation, and improves the quality of segmentation results. Experimental data show that this algorithm performs better than the traditional algorithm and improves the segmentation quality and visual effect.
Nouveaux complexes borates fluorescents : synthèses, propriétés et applications

Les travaux realises aux cours de cette these ont portes sur la creation de nouveaux complexes borates fluorescents. Des voies de synthese relativement simples et efficaces ont permis d’acceder a deux nouvelles familles de fluorophores : les Boranils et les Boricos. Les Boranils presentent des coefficients d’absorption molaire eleves, des rendements quantiques pouvant atteindre 90% et la capacite a agir comme antenne efficace pour du transfert d’energie photoinduit. De nombreuses modifications post-synthetiques ont ete mises au point permettant l’acces a des fonctions de greffage utile pour des applications dans le domaine des cristaux liquides ou l’imagerie biomedicale. Enfin, l’extension de la conjugaison des Boranils a permis de deplacer les emissions vers le proche infrarouge. Les Boricos presentent des coefficients d’absorption eleves, des rendements quantiques allant jusqu'a 81% et la capacite a agir comme antenne ou accepteur dans des systemes de transfert d’energie photoinduit.