Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Privacy in Welfare: Public Assistance and Juvenile Justice

At the risk of stating the obvious, we may observe at the outset that the sensitive areas of privacy appear to have different boundaries depending upon one's status in society. Poor and otherwise dependent persons, however defined at a given moment, are likely to be less secure in enjoyment of "private personality" than persons in other social classes. Persons whose dependency arises out of financial necessity lack resources to interpose the customary screens around their private activities and to keep themselves shielded from the prying eyes of others. Yet the lesser protection of privacy does not stem merely from lack of the things that money will buy. It also results from a peculiar vulnerability of the needy and dependent to official or quasi-official inquiry and surveillance. The institution of protective governmental programs is frequently accompanied by an authority to investigate and control the clientele's behavior which is inapplicable to other groups. Thus, to the familiar competing interests that affect the scope of the privacy individuals enjoy must be added society's interest in ascertaining that the goals of protection and support, incorporated in an ever-widening spectrum of governmental welfare programs, are being carried forward. How this task is currently accomplished and what guiding principles of accommodation of private and social values might be stated are the two topics we have set out to discuss.
Reconfiguring what network? (Road) network synchronization in Dutch traffic management

textabstractCurrent sustainability challenges are increasingly acknowledged to reveal systemic flaws in societal systems such as energy, mobility and agriculture. Adequate solutions then require system innovations and societal transitions. The quest for system innovation is notoriously hard, however: In a polycentric society systemic problems tend to be elusive, and solution strategies are contested. So whereas the quest for system innovation is typically backed by substantive analyses of system pathologies, polycentric perspectives emphasize that the intrinsic properties of an innovation attempt are hardly decisive. Innovation attempts need to be relevant to the targeted actors in the first place.
Untangling Infinite Regress and the Origins of Capability

We argue that strategic management in general—and capability theory in particular—suffers from problems of infinite regress that can be traced to an unsatisfactory specification of initial conditions. We argue, first, that this has led to an overemphasis on path dependence, experience, and history, without sufficient attention on initial conditions: more proximate, decision-oriented punctuation points that can be used for better theoretical explanation. Second, we show how the initial conditions of theories are often not distinctively different from what is being explained, which prevents theory from providing credible specifications of causal mechanisms. Third, we highlight how the regress problem has led to a relatively casual borrowing of concepts from neighboring disciplines, which has created a mismatch between the aims of management theory and relevance to practice. We suggest research heuristics for how to deal with infinite regress problems, in order to develop more rigorous and relevant theories of capability and strategic management.
Labor flows in Hungary and Europe

It is common practice in the literature to compute labor flows from data on stocks. To use these flows in standard search models, it is assumed that the economically relevant movements occur between employment and unemployment. If there are significant flows between labor force participation and inactivity, ignoring the participation decision can lead to biased results. This paper shows that while with three states it is impossible to identify all the flows from publicly available data on stocks, partial identification is possible. A new method is described, which allows the computation of the transition probabilities that are most relevant from a macroeconomic perspective. The method is easy to use, and the paper describes the detailed steps for its implementation to potential users.
Hepatotoxic Assessment of Co-treatment with Isoniazid and Efavirenz in Albino Rats

This study comparatively investigated the toxicological effects of treatment with efavirenz, isoniazid and efavirenz-isoniazid (EFV- INH) combination on liver function parameters and histology of adult male albino rats. Animals used in this study were divided into five (5) groups A-E of sixteen (16) animals each. Animals in group A (placebo control) were treated with water while animals in group B (solvent control) were treated with arachis oil orally. Animals in groups C-E were treated orally with 15mg/kg of INH, 10mg/kg of EFV and a combination of INH- EFV for 2-8 weeks respectively. At the end of drug therapy, serum was extracted from centrifuged blood sample and evaluated for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total and conjugated bilirubin. Animals were sacrificed and liver was harvested, weighed and evaluated for histopathological changes. Effects produced by co-treatment with EFV-INH on absolute liver weight, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, conjugated and total bilirubin were insignificant (p>0.05) when compared to effects produced by treatment with individual doses of EFV and INH. Histopathological evaluation of the liver of animals treated with EFV-INH combination showed vascular congestion, inflammation of parenchyma and hepatocytes degeneration. These results show that co- therapy with EFV-INH in patients with human immunodeficiency virus /tuberculosis co-infection may not be associated with synergistic hepatotoxicity.
Sluicing and asymmetries in the Cypriot-Greek wh-question formation

This paper examines the asymmetry in the occurrence of the embu strategy in Cypriot Greek (CG) wh-questions. I propose that the apparent obligatoriness of embu in inda wh-arguments actually derives from the fact that inda and ’ mbu occupy Spec,CP in these interrogatives. This is supported by the syntactic behavior of indambu with respect to sluicing. In light of the asymmetries in sluices, I suggest an adapted version of the sluicing deletion approach. Under this approach, sluicing applies to the C phase head and its domain. Thus, only the elements occupying the specifier of CP are allowed to appear as sluicing remnants.
BREEDING BIOLOGY OF MAGELLANIC PENGUINS SPHENISCUS MAGELLANICUS AT GOLFO SAN JORGE, PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA

The Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus has a wide breeding distribution and is the most abundant seabird on the Argentine coast (Yorio et al. 1999). It is also one of the main tourist attractions on the coasts of the Provinces of Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego. The breeding biology of this species has been intensively studied at some localities, such as Punta Tombo (Scolaro 1984, Boersma et al. 1990) and Cabo Virgenes (Frere & Gandini 1996, Frere et al. 1998). Some aspects of its breeding cycle have also been analysed at Peninsula Valdes (Perkins 1984). These studies showed that although Magellanic Penguins have similar breeding cycles at different geographical locations, some of their breeding parameters differ between sites.
Dynamic model of a flexible blade wind turbine in an electrical grid control structure

It has already been reported that one-mass or lumped model of wind turbine system is insufficient to analyze the transient behaviour of wind turbine. For the sake of exact analysis of transient stability of wind turbines, it is needed to consider two-mass shaft system model. This model of drive train doesn’t take into account the flexibility of blades. But it is usually used to calculate the electromagnetic torque reference allowing a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy at low wind speed. In this paper we will compare the behavior of the controlled system, when the blades are supposed to be rigid and when their flexibility is taken into account using the Blade Element Momentum theory (BEM).
Factors associated with HIV transmission risk in people with a severe mental illness. A narrative review

Background. People with a severe mental illness (SMI) are a highly vulnerable group for the transmission risk of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They have a higher seroprevalence compared with the general population and their life expectancy is shorter than those of people without the disease. This narrative review describes individual factors or those inherent to a person’s characteristics and the sociocultural factors conditioning sexual behaviour and prevention norms. Objective. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe individual and sociocultural factors associated with the risk of HIV in people with a severe mental illness. Method. 82 empirical studies published between 1981 and 2015, addressing HIV transmission risk factors and sociocultural dimensions related to vulnerability were selected. Four indexes were used for this purpose: ISI Web of Knowledge, Redalyc, SciELO, and PUBMED; and four multidisciplinary electronic databases: Ebscohost Web, ProQuest, Sage Publications and ScienceDirect. Results. The analysis based on coding and systematic categorization shows that people with SMI are more vulnerable to risk than the general population, with differentials based on the severity of the disease symptomatology and economic and sociocultural characteristics associated with HIV-related risk practices. Discussion and conclusion. The need to design longitudinal studies with mixed methodology is proposed to attain a deeper understanding of the interaction of factors associated and processes conditioning risk. In this population group, structural preventive programs that take into account social and gender inequality must be implemented.
Innovative Ways of Gaining Access to Funds for SMEs Setups in Ghana

Small and Medium Enterprises contributes to the developments of private sectors, and the sustainable growth of any economy is very crucial. In both developing and developed economies, small and medium enterprises are considered as a backbone for economic growth and development. SME does do not only contribute to the growth of national GDP but also contributes to the reduction of the unemployment rate. In developing economies such as Ghana, SME’s provides 92% of registered companies, providing 85% of manufacturing employment and contributing 70% to the nations GDP. These clearly indicate a significant role SME’s play on the nation’s employment, income, economic growth and development.Despite all these significance, most SME’s in Ghana are challenged with access to finance, in setting up, expanding and sustainability of their businesses. The study found out that; these are commonly due to high interest and collateral rates by most financial institution, documentation requirements by financial institutions, long delay in gaining access to funds by credit institutions, capital cost and also unfavourable terms of credit repayment. This study, therefore, focused on innovative ways of generating capital for small and medium enterprises from non-financial institutions.The study suggested alternative ways of SME’s gaining access to funds from non-financial institutions to enable SME’s benefit from, investing business smarts, networking opportunities, little or no contractual and collateral strings attached to loans, quick access to credit, and relative patience from investors regardless of their investments. Keywords : SME’s, Ghana, SME’s and economic development, Financial Institutions.
Cross-basin Faulting and Extinction of Pull-apart Basins in the Sea of Marmara, NW Turkey

Although offshore multi-channel seismic reflection and multi-beam bathymetric studies were intensively carried out in the Sea of Marmara especially after the August 17, 1999 Izmit earthquake (Mw 7.4), some basic problems remain unsolved, for example whether the seafloor was cut by a double fault system or just by a single fault. The researchers advocating the double fault system assumed that most of the deformation occurred along the margins of the basins and concluded that the classical model of pull-apart basin formation along releasing bends or stepovers within an east−west-trending dextral strike-slip system prevails. An alternative and completely different proposition proposed by some other researchers suggested that the seafloor was cut by a single, continuous strike-slip fault that does not coincide with the basin margins and hence does not fit the pull-apart model. These two apparently opposing ideas in fact, are not in conflict with each other; but instead define successive events. The fault geometry in the Sea of Marmara simply reflects a transition from complex pull-apart basins into single strike-slip faults. All the pull-apart basins in the world, regardless of offset geometry, evolve progressively from narrow grabens bounded by oblique-slip link faults to wider rhombic basins flanked by terraced basin sidewall fault systems. Field observations and analogue models show that in the later stages of this widening, the cross-basin faults cut the floor of the pull-apart basins and link the offset principal displacement zones. The jogs and therefore the pull-apart basins become extinct and strike-slip faults become straight as time passes. This development history of the faults and accompanying basins is valid also for the North Anatolian Fault and the basins in the northern Sea of Marmara as well as those in the Gulf of Izmit and for the other sections of the fault on land displaying two sets of faults, the older being inactive.
BENCHMARKING TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETITIVENESS OF PRECAST CONSTRUCTION THROUGH PATENT MAP ANALYSIS

Technological advancement plays a key role in business competitiveness of a construction firm in the market. Nowadays, there are many free patent databases worldwide, which provide important sources for information of the technological advancement of construction firms. By combination of patent mapping techniques and properly selected commercial patent analysis software, the knowledge of technological competitiveness from patent databases can be discovered. With such knowledge, the construction firm can benchmark its own technological competitiveness with other competitors'. As a result, better technology innovation strategies and appropriate investment portfolio are determined. In this paper, the patented precast construction technology (PCT) adopted in construction of high-tech plants are considered for analysis. The patent map analysis (PMA) techniques are employed for the analysis. The USPTO patent database is used as the major source for analysis; other databases such as WIPO and TAPAT are for supplement. A local leading PCT firm is selected for case study. The results of case study show potentials of patent mapping techniques in planning technological innovative strategies.
Does Crop Insurance Enrollment Exacerbate the Negative Effects of Extreme Heat? A Farm-level Analysis

This paper examines the effects of federal crop insurance program on corp production under extreme weather. Using the farm household level data from Kansas, we find that crop insurance inhibits both dryland corn and wheat to adapt to extreme heat. The sensitivity to weather extreme for insured corn (wheat) is 38% (74%) higher than for the uninsured corn (wheat). Thus, evidence exits that federal crop insurance create disincentives to adapt to extreme heat. If moral hazard is the cause of the observed divergence, it would seem to be a concern for both dryland crops in Kansas.
A method for analysing growth curves by using the logistic model with changing carrying capacity

The problem of managing resources of a limited planet invokes the logistic model with constant carrying capacity. However, the growth of industrial systems and populations of countries with limited resources demonstrates that limits to growth are changing with new technologies. This paper presents a new method for analysing growth curves representing the logistic growth with changing carrying capacity.
Invasion of Finnish inland waters by the alien moss animal Pectinatella magnifica Leidy, 1851 and associated potential risks

Introduced alien species bring potential adverse impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. International shipping is an important vector for such unintentional introductions in aquatic environments. Therefore, in addition to climate change and eutrophication, increasing international shipping may enhance the spread of alien species into areas which have not previously been considered prone to alien invasions. One example of such development might be the recent invasion of the moss animal Pectinatella magnifica into Finnish inland waters, which are generally considered to be hostile to alien species. We took advantage of observations made by the general public and recorded by environmental authorities to describe the invasion history of the species in Finland. The records of P. magnifica were almost exclusively from the Vuoksi watercourse, where the species was most likely introduced by international shipping ca 10–15 years ago. The species occurred mainly in the vicinity of ports of international shipping, but was also abundant in an area with only domestic cargo transport. Only one confirmed observation in Lake Kirkkojärvi was from outside the Vuoksi watercourse. Most colonies were found attached to landing stages or submerged, relatively rigid water plants, and the species seemed to avoid less rigid water plants, such as water lilies. Once established, the species may spread by vectors such as recreational boating or water birds and fish. The species poses some risks to the ecosystem, including a risk to farmed and wild salmonid fish by serving as a potential host for the myxozoan endoparasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent for proliferative kidney disease (PKD), known to be detrimental for salmonid fish.
EFFICACY OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL

Aim of this study was to study the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared to pharmacotherapy (PT) and combination of cognitive behaviour therapy and pharmacotherapy (CBT+PT) in the treatment of adults suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). A sample of ninety (90) patients fulfilled the criteria for GAD and agreed to participate in the study. A randomized multi-group pre to post acute (12 sessions) intervention research design was employed. Participants were randomly allocated to three intervention groups. CBT Group received cognitive behaviour therapy alone, PT Group received pharmacotherapy alone and CBT+PT Group received combination of both CBT and Pharmacotherapy for consequently three months each. Material Used: MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Sheehan & Lecrubier, 2004) for the confirmation of diagnosis and exclusion of psychiatric co-morbidity. Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (Beck et al., 1988) was used as primary outcome measure. The Cognition Checklist (CCL) Beck et al., 1987; Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire*(Kendall and Hollon, 1980 revised in 2006); Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (Weissman & Beck, 1978, revised in 2006) were used as secondary outcome measures. Statistical analysis: chi square and one way ANOVA was administered at pre treatment and Paired t test were employed for testing the hypotheses from pre to post intervention. Independent t test and effect size (Cohen’d) were calculated to see the differences between the groups at post intervention. CBT alone and CBT+PT combination groups were significantly more efficacious than PT alone group in the treatment of GAD. Largest effect size (.77) was found for the CBT and CBT+PT groups while comparing to PT group. CBT alone and CBT+PT in combination interventions were more effective than PT alone. CBT is an effective and cost effective treatment as compare to pharmacotherapy alone in adults suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. Although CBT and Pharmacotherapy may be combined for the treatment of GAD but it may have no additional advantage over CBT.
Long-term Accessibility and Re-use of Institutional Repository Contents of Some Selected Academic Institutions in Nigeria

The increase awareness of open access, growth in digital asserts, need for accessibility and the quest for global visibility by academic institutions in Nigeria has resulted in the rapid deployment of Institutional Repositories. These Institutional Repositories contains valuable institutional memories such as thesis, dissertations, pre-print and post-print scholarly articles, conferences papers and lots of other institutional memories that need to be preserved for the future generation. Purposive sampling was use to select five institutions that have deployed Institutional Repository with a view to examine the strategies they have in place for the long-term preservation of the contents. The findings of the study revealed that non-of these academic institutions has put in place any strategy to ensure the long-term re-use or accessibilities of the contents of their Institutional Repository. The paper concluded that back-up of Institutional Repository periodically was not adequate enough to ensure the long-term accessibility and re-use of the contents. Recommendation for adoption and modification of Open Archival Information System (OAIS) reference model as a strategy for digital preservation was made. This model defines the basic functional components of a system dedicated to the long-term preservation of information and could be applied to the long-term preservation of the content of an Institutional Repository. The proposed changes in the service models focused on four of the OAIS functional entities: the ingest of digital object, management of digital objects, storage of digital objects, and access, while the functions of the remaining two entities, Administration and Preservation Planning, can be performed by the staff of the Institutions.
Cervical Cytology Associated with Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases

Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the incidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL), frank cervical cancer and different STDs in 503 women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Study design: Cytological evolution of cervical smears was carried out in 503 women attending Gynae Outpatient Department of Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow India, between October 2009 and June 2014 who were diagnosed with PID and also during Rural Cervical Cancer Screening in Malihabad and Kakori Block of Lucknow District between May 2013 to April 2015. Results: The cervical cytology in 503 women with PID showed alarmingly high rate of SIL (144- cases -28.6%) though 134 of them were of low grade. No case of carcinoma cervix was seen. The incidence of Candida albicans was 4.3% in these women and only 2 cases of Trichomonal infection were seen. The incidence of SIL was maximum in younger, sexually active women between 21-30 years after which it declined. Conclusion: The study revealed a very high incidence of SIL associated with PID. As majority of the women screened were from rural areas, it appears that poor hygiene and persistent infection has led to the high incidence of SIL. Hence urgent need is felt in organizing cytological screening programme in rural region of the country to screen specially the symptomatic women to detect any early onset of cervical precancer, the subsequent treatment of which would check any progression of the disease to malignancy.