Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uninterrupted Approaches for Spam Detection Based on SVM and AIS

The proliferation of spam has increasingly caused serious problems to our daily electronic communications. Jupiter Research estimates an e-mail user will on average receive more than 3,900 spam mails in 2007. This number is on average of 40 spam mails in 1999. This paper proposes uninterrupted detection approaches based on Incremental Support Vector Machine and Artiϐicial Immune System for the spam of e-mail stream. These approaches use a window to hold several classiϐiers, each one classiϐies the e-mail independently, and the e-mail is labeled according to a majority voting strategy. The exceeding margin update technique of support vector machine (SVM) is also used for the dynamic update of each classiϐier in the window. A sliding window is used to purge out-of-date knowledge. When a new batch of e-mail arrives, the classiϐier at rightmost in the window is removed from the window while the remaining classiϐiers just slide a position to right and the classiϐier at leftmost is newly generated by the previous batch. These two techniques endow our algorithms with dynamic and adaptive properties as well as the ability to trace the changing content of e-mails and user's interests in an uninterrupted way. Eight methods, possibly regarded as different implementations of the uninterrupted detection of e-mail stream, including Hamming Distance (with and without mutation), Included Angle, SVM and Weighted Voting, are developed and elaborated in this paper. Experiments on two public benchmark corpora PU1 and Ling are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed methods. The eight methods are compared with current methods for accuracy, precision, recall, miss rate and speed of detection. The results demonstrate that the proposed uninterrupted detection approaches are promising way to contain spam.
Eigenvalue variation under moving mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary conditions and applications

We deal with the sharp asymptotic behaviour of eigenvalues of elliptic operators with varying mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary conditions. In case of simple eigenvalues, we compute explicitly the constant appearing in front of the expansion’s leading term. This allows inferring some remarkable consequences for Aharonov–Bohm eigenvalues when the singular part of the operator has two coalescing poles.
MINING SIMILAR PATTERN WITH ATTRIBUTE ORIENTED INDUCTION HIGH LEVEL EMERGING PATTERN (AOI-HEP) DATA MINING TECHNIQUE

AOI-HEP (Attribute Oriented Induction High Emerging Pattern) as new data mining technique has been success to mine frequent pattern and is extended to mine similar patterns. AOI-HEP is success to mine 3 and 1 similar patterns from IPUMS and breast cancer UCI machine learning datasets respectively. Meanwhile, the experiments showed that there was no finding similar patterns on adult and census UCI machine learning datasets. The experiments showed that finding AOI-HEP similar pattern in dataset is influenced by learning on chosen high level concept attribute in concept hierarchy and it is applied to AOI-HEP frequent pattern in previous research as well. The experiments chosed high level concept attributes such as workclass, clump thickness, means and marts for adult, breast cancer, census and IPUMS datasets respectively. In order to proof that the chosen high level concept attribute will influences the AOI-HEP similar pattern in dataset, then extended experiments were carried on and the finding were census dataset which had been none AOI-HEP similar pattern, had AOI-HEP similar pattern when learned on high level concept in marital attribute. Meanwhile, Breast cancer which had been had 1 AOI-HEP similar pattern, had none AOI-HEP similar pattern when learned on high level concept in attributes such as cell size, cell shape and bare nuclei. The 2 of 3 finding Similar patterns in IPUMS dataset have strong discriminant rule since having large growth rates such as 1.53% and 3.47%, and having large supports in target dataset such as 4.54% and 5.45 respectively. Moreover, there have small supports in contrasting dataset such as 2.96% and 1.57% respectively.
The Role of Talent Management on Organizational Performance Focusing on Ghana Revenue Authority, Sunyani

Although, talent management is progressively becoming a part of corporate strategy in most of the organizations which Ghana Revenue Authority cannot to be overestimated, there are only a few empirical studies to date analyzing the impact of talent management on organizational performance. The study therefore investigates into the role of talent management on organizational performance at Ghana Revenue Authority. The study was purely descriptive in nature. The sample size adopted for the study was fifty respondents through the help of Simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive analysis factors like frequency tables, mean scores and percentages were generated and their interpretations thoroughly explained and interpreted. The study found out that, the most prominent role of talent management was that; it provide employees with satisfaction, learning and growth (Mean Score =1.90). The second most prominent role of talent management was that; it provides an opportunity to help employees to achieve their personal best (Mean Score =1.72). The third most prominent role of talent management was that it reduces employee attrition. Based on the findings of the study, the study recommended that organizations should offer favorable working conditions to their employees as the best talented employees who contribute to good organizational performance. This will prevent poaching of their workers by other organizations. Keywords: Organizational performance, Talent management, Management policies and Talent Selection Processes.
Evaluating Environmental Effects on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of South African Large White Pigs

Abstract Genetic improvement of growth and carcass traits and animal management require proper identification and evaluation of non-genetic effects on these traits. Performance data were on 20079 Large White pigs from 29 herds, while carcass data comprised of 5406 records from 20 herds. The animals were tested between 1990 and 2008 and carcass evaluated between 1993 and 2007. The traits analyzed were backfat thickness (BFAT), test period gain (TPG), lifetime gain (LTG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) age at slaughter (AGES), lean percentage (LEAN), drip-free lean percentage (DLEAN), drip loss (DRIP), dressing percentage (DRESS), carcass length (CRLTH) and eye muscle area (AREA). PROC REG and GLM were used to determine significant effects. Herd of origin, year of testing and their interaction significantly affected all traits. Most traits were not affected by season of testing, while all traits were significantly affected by sex. Testing environment affected all growth traits except for LTG. All traits decreased with increasing feed intake, while age at the start of the test was associated with decreases in most traits. On-test treatments do not compensate for pre-test underperformance. Castrates produce higher carcass yields of less quality than females, while performance testing has best results when done at the testing centres in summer. There is need to adjust for fixed effects when performing genetic evaluations in these pig populations.
FRACTIONATION OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF BARLEY SPENT GRAINS FROM A MICROBREWERY

The chemical composition of barley spent grains generated in a microbrewery and their fractionation by acid hydrolysis and delignification were investigated. The material contained high amount of carbohydrates (60%), while its lignin content was lower than that reported for other sorts of barley spent grains. Different dilute-acid hydrolysis methods were evaluated for separating the main components of the spent grains, without affecting the sugars generated by starch hydrolysis. The utilization of a two-step dilute-acid hydrolysis approach allowed to hydrolyse starch in a first step, at 100 oC, and hemicelluloses in a second step, at 121 oC. Acetosolv and alkaline delignification were used for solubilising the lignin fraction. A higher lignin solubilisation (95% of the lignin contained in the raw material) was achieved after alkaline delignification, whereas only 34% of the initial lignin was removed by direct acetosolv. When the acetosolv treatment was combined with acid hydrolysis, lignin solubilisation increased to 74%. Lignin was precipitated from the liquors at recovery rates from 40 to 93%, as depending on the hydrolysis/delignification method used.
Linear codes with complementary duals related to the complement of the Higman-Sims graph

‎In this paper we study codes $C_p(overline{{rm HiS}})$ where $p =3,7‎, ‎11$ defined by the 3‎- ‎7‎- ‎and 11-modular representations of the simple sporadic group ${rm HS}$ of Higman and Sims of degree 100‎. ‎With exception of $p=11$ the codes are those defined by the row span of the adjacency matrix of the complement of the Higman-Sims graph over $GF(3)$ and $GF(7). $ We show that these codes have a similar decoding performance to that of their binary counterparts obtained from the Higman-Sims graph‎. ‎In particular‎, ‎we show that these are linear codes with complementary duals‎, ‎and thus meet the asymptotic Gilbert-Varshamov bound‎. ‎Furthermore‎, ‎using the codewords of weight 30 in $C_p(overline{{rm HiS}})$ we determine a subcode of codimension 1‎, ‎and thus show that the permutation module of dimension 100 over the fields of 3‎, ‎7 and 11-elements‎, ‎respectively is the direct sum of three absolutely irreducible modules of dimensions 1‎, ‎22 and 77‎. ‎The latter being also the subdegrees of the orbit decomposition of the rank-3 representation‎.
Food Niche Overlap Among Neotropical Carpenter Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini) in an Agricultural System

In the present study, we used niche overlap analysis and a network approach to investigate the use of floral resources by carpenter bees ( Xylocopa spp.). We assessed the frequency of visit to different plant species and the activity time of carpenter bees in an agricultural system. Six species of carpenter bees were collected visiting flowers. Among the 48 interactions that were theoretically possible in the interaction network, only 19 were recorded (Connectance = 39.58%). The temporal overlap between pairs of species measured by the Shannon index (0 to 0.648) was lower than dietary overlap (0 to 0.967). The network analysis also showed that bees separated their niches more strongly in the temporal dimension (E = 0.72, P < 0.001) than in the dietary dimension (E = 0.55, P < 0.001). The levels of dietary and temporal overlap were strongly correlated with each other, as well as the time of highest frequency of visit coincided with the time of availability of resources by the most important plants ( Moringa oleifera , Passiflora edulis , and Solanum palinacanthum ). The correlation between dietary and temporal overlap is biologically explained by the presence of plants that structure the system by exerting a strong influence not only on the plant choice by foraging bees, but also on the time of resource collection.
Electrically-Driven Ion Transmission Through Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Two-dimensional nanomaterials such as graphene and hexagonal boron nitride are being intensively studied as selective barriers in separation technology owing to their unique subatomic selectivity. In their pristine forms, they are impermeable to atoms, molecules, and ions except for thermal protons. Graphene, with its angstrom-scale thickness, is regarded as the thinnest membrane so its transport selectivity comes from the selectivity of active sites at which permeant transmission occurs. This dissertation tested the hypothesis that the selectivity ratio of hydrogen isotopes (protium, Deuterium, and tritium) through membrane could be improved by incorporating graphene and related 2D materials in the membrane electrode assembly of a polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis cell. The mechanism by which protons or deuterons traverse the energy barrier of 2D materials was also investigated with a focus on the temperature dependence of isotopic selectivity in crossing rates. By carefully positioning a 2D material within the ionomer membranes of a membrane electrode assembly, the isotopic ion filtering functionalities of graphene and analogs were enhanced. Proton transmission through graphene was found to occur at a very high rate (1.0 A cm-2 achieved at a potential bias of This work is an important harbinger for the prospects of developing graphene-based PEM electrochemical cell ion filters for fuel cells, electrolysis cells, gas separation and purification, and desalination applications.
Changes in O2 and H2O2 production by Chattonella antiqua during diel vertical migration under nutrient stratification

The red tide flagellate Chattonella antiqua produces high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the superoxide anion (O2 - ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Production of ROS by this flagellate species depends on nutrient and water conditions during its growth phases. To clar- ify the effect of nutrient depletion on ROS production, we investigated the production pattern of ROS in a culture tank containing 1 m 3 of medium with low nitrate and phosphate nutrient concentrations. The production of O2 - and H2O2 by C. antiqua was lower when nutrients were limited than when they were fully supplied (f/2 medium), as indicated by reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus cell quotas. We also examined ROS formation by C. antiqua under stratified conditions subsequent to the nutri- ent depletion experiment. The vertical stratification of salinity (∆S = 2.5 psu) and temperature (∆T = 5°C) in the tank were analogous to natural conditions during red tides, and only the bottom layer was enriched with nutrients. C. antiqua showed clear diel vertical migration under stratified conditions. The ROS production due to photosynthesis was high during the light period at the surface, even though the ambient nutrient concentration of the surface was low, and it decreased in the dark bottom layer. The generation of H2O2 increased continuously for 4 d, but O2 - generation peaked on the second day of stratification and then gradually decreased.
Petro physical analysis of among hydrocarbon field fluid and lithofaciesusing Well Log Data

Petrophysical imaging of two reservoirs of Amangi hydrocarbon field of the Niger Delta of Nigeria was conducted based on crossplot analysis using AVO information from well log data of five appraisal wells in the field. The field consists of series of reservoirs stacked in channelized shoreface sands encased in shales. Two reservoirs H1000 and H4000 which constituted the first phase of development of this field formed the pivot of this study. Firstly, we extractedpetrophysical parameters such as P and S impedances, Lamé’s parameters, etc. Secondly, appropriate pairs of rock attributes and properties were crossplotted so that common lithologies and fluid types cluster together for quick identification and interpretation. Furthermore, crossplotsof AVO intercept versus gradient and reflectivity versus incidence angle were analyzed to determine the class of AVO anomaly. The lithology and fluid contents of both reservoirs were adequately discriminated by the crossplot analyses of the rock properties and attributes. However, whereas there was a marked separation of litho-fluids in the density domain, the acoustic impedance domain proved incapable of separating the litho-fluids of these horizons. The reservoirs’ sands were found to be “hard” sands as a result of mixed lithologies (heterolithics) exhibitingClass II AVO anomaly.
The crystal-chemical autopsy of octahedral sites in Na-dominant tourmalines: octahedral metrics model unconstrained by the Y,Z-site disorder assignment

The structure of tourmaline-supergroup minerals includes two types of octahedral sites: the ZO6 octahedron is smaller and more distorted than the YO6 octahedron. The octahedral sites metrics were studied and their dependency on the chemical composition unconstrained by Y,Z-site disorder assignment. Published chemical and structural data were collected from American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database for tourmaline samples belonging to dravite–schorl, schorl–elbaite (including tsilaisites) and schorl (± dravite)–olenite series. Correlation analysis of this dataset provided the evidence of cation distribution between sites – Al and Mg are disordered between Z and Y sites, while Fe (mostly ferrous), Li and Mn strongly prefer Y site. Irregular cation distribution results in the variable metrics of both octahedra in tourmalines. It is the function of well-balanced relations between cations at octahedral and neighbouring sites based on bond-valence variations due to different ionic charges. Considering Z and Y cations, there is a dependence of the cation charge difference and the octahedral metrics. The most pronounced irregularity of both octahedra was observed in elbaite samples with the largest charge difference between Li and Al. In contrast, “buergerite” samples with trivalent Fe and Al at both octahedral sites have both octahedra almost isometric. Schorl and dravite samples display an increasing metric irregularity related to the Al and Mg content; increase in Mg reduces irregularity because Mg is distributed between both octahedral sites balancing charge difference. In contrast, Fe-rich and Al-rich schorl samples display larger irregularity which may result from selective incorporation of Fe2+ to the Y site. In olenite samples, the irregularity of both octahedra decreases with an increasing Al content. These variations are related to the shared edge of ZO6 and YO6 octahedra including both O3 and O6 site where bonds of both anions are balancing bond-valence requirements of the stable electroneutral structure. In addition to the bond-valence relations, effects of the internal geometry of atomic shells should be also considered, i.e. Jahn-Teller distortion that can be decisive factor in cation occupancy. Especially Fe2+ can strongly prefer YO6 octahedron whose prolonged tetragonal dipyramidal geometry is more favourable for Fe2+ in (t2g)(eg) configuration.
Knowledge base, information search and intention to adopt innovation

Innovation is a process that involves searching for new information. This paper builds upon theoretical insights on individual and organizational learning and proposes a knowledge based model of how actors search for information when confronted with innovation. The model takes into account different search channels, both local and non local, and relates their use to the knowledge base of actors. The paper also provides an empirical validation of our model based on a study on the search channels used by a sample of Dutch consumers when buying new consumer electronic products.
Avances recientes en VIH/SIDA: Terapia antiretroviral. Recent advances in HIV/AIDS: Antiretroviral therapy

Recent advances in our understanding of HIV infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are leading us to explore new treatment stragegies, including the use of combination antiretroviral therapy. In this review, we present information from recently completed clinical trials explore the use of combination therapy, including ACTG 175, the Delta studies, and the NUCA studies. In addition, we present preliminary about use of protease inhibitors, the newest class of antiretrovirals. (Rev Med Hered 1997; 8: 23-31).
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF NURSES WORKING IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC HOSPITALS ACROSS THE VALLEY

This study examined the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A questionnaire method was used and distributed among nurses working in private and public hospitals across the valley. A survey is Conducted with 300 samples were randomly selected in the study. The obtained data were analyzed based on the descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 16. The problem in focus in this study was, why despite the hospital industry being a major contributor to Kashmir valley in respect of employment and economic growth during the past years; it has not yet been able to build a committed workforce. Dr Riyaz Ahmad Rainayee The main objectives were to investigate the relationship between the job satisfaction and organizational commitment prevailing in this industry. The findings of study highlight the critical roles of Components of job satisfaction in organizational commitments. Job satisfaction was found as significant predictors of organizational commitment.
Finding ways (and words) to move: Mad student politics and practices of loneliness

Abstract By blending the conceptual frameworks of epistemic injustice and ethical loneliness and applying them to campus-based practices of ‘risk’ identification and ‘referral’, this article describes how Mad students come to be abandoned as knowers and learners. I then dwell in and politicize the condition of (ethical) loneliness these harms produce by seeking to ‘practise’ it as a form of Mad knowing, and as a framework for visioning justice. Framing Mad student experiences in this way opens up several possibilities for epistemic justice. First, it offers additional language and interpretive resources for naming and protesting our experiences of violence. Second, it compels us to understand and attend to Mad student experiences of epistemic harm and to recognize how Mad knowledges are routinely generated in their wake. Third, it invites new ways of understanding and responding to these harms, and imagining redress.