Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of food intake regulation on the energy metabolism of laying hens

1. The effects of dietary energy restriction on the energy metabolism of post‐peak‐of‐lay hens of two hybrid layer strains were studied by indirect calorimetry. 2. Starving and resting rates of heat production (SHP and RHP) were measured, over 1‐d periods, at intervals during a 25‐week period in which the experimental birds were individually restricted to 80% of their previous energy intake ad libitum. 3. In both strains mean RHP per bird was about 7% lower in the restricted birds than in controls fed ad libitum, but when RHP was expressed in terms of metabolic body size (kg0.75) the two groups did not differ. 4. Mean SHP per bird was about 18% lower in the restricted birds of both strains than in the corresponding controls; the decrease in SHP per kg0.75 was 12%. 5. Heat increment of feeding and calculated maintenance energy were higher, and net availability of metabolisable energy for maintenance and production was lower, in the restricted than in the control groups. 6. Gross efficiencies of egg product.
Effect of Transglutaminase on Protein Electrophoretic Pattern of Rice, Soybean, and Rice-Soybean Blends

ABSTRACT The interactions taking place in composite dough containing rice flour and soybean proteins (5% w/w) in the presence of transglutaminase, an enzyme with cross-linking activity, were studied using different electrophoretic analyses. The interaction between rice proteins and soybean proteins was intensified by the formation of new intermolecular covalent bonds catalyzed by transglutaminase and the indirect formation of disulfide bonds among proteins. The main protein fractions involved in those interactions were both β-conglycinin and glycinin of soybean and the glutelins of the rice flour, although albumins and globulins were also cross-linked. The addition of soybean proteins to rice flour improves the amino acid balance and they also might play an important role on the rice dough properties because soybean proteins interact with rice proteins, yielding protein aggregates of high molecular weight.
Epstein-Barr Virus Exploits the Secretory Pathway to Release Virions

Herpesvirus egress mechanisms are strongly associated with intracellular compartment remodeling processes. Previously, we and other groups have described that intracellular compartments derived from the Golgi apparatus are the maturation sites of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) virions. However, the mechanism by which these virions are released from the host cell to the extracellular milieu is poorly understood. Here, I adapted two independent induction systems of the EBV lytic cycle in vitro, in the context of Rab GTPase silencing, to characterize the EBV release pathway. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that p350/220, the major EBV glycoprotein, partially co-localized with three Rab GTPases: Rab8a, Rab10, and Rab11a. Furthermore, the knockdown of these Rab GTPases promoted the intracellular accumulation of viral structural proteins by inhibiting its distribution to the plasma membrane. Finally, the knockdown of the Rab8a, Rab10, and Rab11a proteins suppressed the release of EBV infectious virions. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that mature EBV virions are released from infected cells to the extracellular milieu via the secretory pathway, as well as providing new insights into the EBV life cycle.
Cancer Among Adolescents and Young Adults Between 2000 and 2016 in France: Incidence and Improved Survival.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine cancer survival and describe the spectrum of cancers diagnosed among French adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. Methods: All cases of cancer diagnosed in 15-24 years, recorded by all French population-based registries (18% of the French population), over the 2000-2016 period, were included. Age-standardized incidence rates, conventional annual percentage change (cAPC) of incidence over time, and 5-year overall survival (5yOS) were calculated. Results: We analyzed 2734 cancer diagnoses in adolescents and 4199 in young adults. Overall incidence rates were 231.9/106 in 15-19 year olds and 354.0/106 in 20-24 year olds. The most frequently diagnosed cancers in male AYA were malignant gonadal germ-cell tumors (GCT), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and malignant melanoma and were HL, thyroid carcinoma, and malignant melanoma in females. Cancer incidence was stable over time with a cAPC of 0.8% (p = 0.72). For all cancers combined, 5yOS was 86.6% (95% CI: 85.8-87.4), >85% for HL, non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), GCT, thyroid carcinomas, and malignant melanomas, and around 60% and lower for osteosarcomas, Ewing tumors, hepatic carcinomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas. The 5yOS has significantly improved from 2000-2007 to 2008-2015 for all cancers pooled, with a substantial gain of 4% for 15-19 year olds and 3% for 20-24 year olds. Conclusion: Notwithstanding the encouraging results for some cancers, and overall, persistent poorer survivals in AYA were shown compared to children for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, osteosarcoma, Ewing tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant hepatic tumors. These disparities require further investigation to identify and address the causes of these inferior outcomes.
An Ice-Binding Protein from an Antarctic Ascomycete Is Fine-Tuned to Bind to Specific Water Molecules Located in the Ice Prism Planes

Many microbes that survive in cold environments are known to secrete ice-binding proteins (IBPs). The structure–function relationship of these proteins remains unclear. A microbial IBP denoted AnpIBP was recently isolated from a cold-adapted fungus, Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus. The present study identified an orbital illumination (prism ring) on a globular single ice crystal when soaked in a solution of fluorescent AnpIBP, suggesting that AnpIBP binds to specific water molecules located in the ice prism planes. In order to examine this unique ice-binding mechanism, we carried out X-ray structural analysis and mutational experiments. It appeared that AnpIBP is made of 6-ladder β-helices with a triangular cross section that accompanies an “ice-like” water network on the ice-binding site. The network, however, does not exist in a defective mutant. AnpIBP has a row of four unique hollows on the IBS, where the distance between the hollows (14.7 Å) is complementary to the oxygen atom spacing of the prism ring. These results suggest the structure of AnpIBP is fine-tuned to merge with the ice–water interface of an ice crystal through its polygonal water network and is then bound to a specific set of water molecules constructing the prism ring to effectively halt the growth of ice.
Comparative Ecology of Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844 (Acarina: Ixodidae)

The genus Hyalomma belongs to the Ixodidae family and includes many tick species. Most species in this genus are African species, but two of them, Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum, are also found in Europe and, owing to their morphological similarity, it is very difficult to tell them apart. This is a major concern because their phenology and vector capacities are quite different. Moreover, they share many habitats and both are currently spreading to new areas, probably due to climate change and animal/human movements. In this study, we review the described ecology of the two species and provide further interesting data on H. lusitanicum based on the authors’ experience, which could be useful in assessing the risk they pose to humans and animals.
Correction: Activation of MAPK Signaling by CXCR7 Leads to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer

In the original version of [this article][1] ([1][2]), the same image was inadvertently duplicated in Fig. 5J, column #2. These errors have been corrected in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article. The authors regret this error. 1. 1. [↵][3]1. Li S, 2. Fong K, 3.
Análise discriminante múltipla do mercado varejista de açaí em Belém do Pará

Acai pulp is one of the main foods in the State of Para and of higher per capita consumption in 2010. The sale of acai in Belem is carried out by several units that operate in the retail market. The objective of this study was to identify market segments: greengrocers, micro entrepreneurs and supermarkets, from the analysis of a set of variables that define the decisions of acai consumers. The stepwise multiple discriminant analysis was used to estimate the discriminant functions. Results show that the segment identified with greater precision was the greengrocery, with 100%, followed by supermarkets, with 96.5% of the cases accurately classified, and the segment of micro entrepreneurs, with 90.9%, had the lowest accuracy in the consumer classification. The estimated model showed a high significance in the estimation process, since the functions with the variables amount of acai, consumer income, price of acai, quality of acai, price of fish and price of flour, correctly classified 95.6% of the original elements.
Summer and winter embolism in oak: impact on water relations

Cet article fait la synthese des donnees sur la vulnerabilite a l'embolie causee par stress hydrique et thermique de six especes de chenes (Quercus). Le potentiel hydrique induisant 50 % de perte de conductivite hydraulique varie de -2,5 a -6,0 MPa selon les especes analysees et est correle a d'autres indices de tolerance a la secheresse chez les chenes. La vulnerabilite des vaisseaux a la secheresse et au gel augmente avec leur taille. L'embolie a pour consequence de reduire la conductivite hydraulique du systeme vasculaire. Nous avons conclu que l'embolie joue un role mineur dans la tolerance a la secheresse de chenes puisque l'embolie se developpe a des potentiels hydriques plus negatifs que ceux induisant des dommages (par exemple reduction de la croissance) ou de la mortalite. Neanmoins, la vulnerabilite a l'embolie pourrait expliquer la distribution des especes entre les regions seches et humides et peut expliquer l'evolution de la physiologie des stomates. Les chenes semblent fonctionner pres du point de dysfonctionnement du xyleme, mais ils se protegent du risque d'embolie grâce a une regulation stomatique qui permet de maintenir le potentiel hydrique au-dessus du point «d'emballement» de l'embolie. En conclusion, la vulnerabilite a l'embolie estivale est correlee a d'autres mesures de tolerance a la secheresse chez les chenes, mais des degres importants d'embolies estivales sont generalement evites. D'autre part, l'embolie induite par le gel pourrait expliquer la distribution des especes sous climats froids.
The Ability of Respiratory Commensal Bacteria to Beneficially Modulate the Lung Innate Immune Response Is a Strain Dependent Characteristic

We investigated whether the ability of commensal respiratory bacteria to modulate the innate immune response against bacterial and viral pathogens was a shared or strain-specific characteristic. Bacterial strains belonging to the Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Dolosigranulum pigrum species were compared by studying their influence in the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2- and TLR3-triggered immune responses in the respiratory tract, as well as in the resistance to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. We demonstrated that nasally administered C. pseudodiphteriticum 090104 or D. pigrum 040417 were able to modulate respiratory immunity and increase the resistance against pathogens, while other strains of the same species did not influence the respiratory immune responses, demonstrating a clear strain-dependent immunomodulatory effect of respiratory commensal bacteria. We also reported here that bacterium-like particles (BLP) and cell walls derived from immunomodulatory respiratory commensal bacteria are an interesting alternative for the modulation of the respiratory immune system. Our study is a step forward in the positioning of certain strains of respiratory commensal bacteria as next-generation probiotics for the respiratory tract.
Ethnic Differences in Resting Total Peripheral Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVES Decades of research suggest there may be important ethnic differences in the hemodynamic mechanisms that co-determine arterial blood pressure (BP), the primary diagnostic index of hypertension. In general, studies have observed that, compared to European Americans (EA), African Americans (AA) exhibit higher total peripheral resistance (TPR), an important summative index of peripheral vascular constriction. In contrast, EAs have been reliably shown to exhibit greater cardiac output (CO), which is directly linked to left ventricle and overall cardiac blood flow. We have previously proposed that elevated basal TPR, in particular, represents one component of the Cardiovascular Conundrum, characterized, paradoxically, by elevated resting heart rate variability (HRV) among AAs, relative to EAs. The present meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature sought to extend this previous work by establishing the magnitude of the empirically-implied ethnic differences in resting TPR and CO. METHODS A search of the literature yielded 140 abstracts on differences in TPR between AAs & EAs; 40 were included. Sample sizes, means and standard deviations for baseline TPR with samples that included EAs and AAs were collected and Hedges' g was computed. RESULTS Findings indicated that AAs had higher baseline TPR than EAs (Hedges' g = .307, SE = 0.043, CI = 0.224, 0.391, p < 0.001). Additionally, EAs had higher resting cardiac output (CO) than AAs (Hedges' g = -0.214, SE = 0.056, CI = -0.324, -0.104, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We discuss the present findings in the context of the role of elevated TPR in the deleterious effects of high blood pressure specifically for AAs.
The Neisseria gonorrhoeae Vaccine Candidate NHBA Elicits Antibodies That Are Bactericidal, Opsonophagocytic and That Reduce Gonococcal Adherence to Epithelial Cells

Due to the continuing emergence of multidrug resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae there is an urgent need for the development of a gonococcal vaccine. We evaluated the gonococcal Neisseria heparin binding antigen (NHBA) as a potential vaccine candidate, in terms of its sequence conservation and expression in a range of N. gonorrhoeae strains, as well as its immunogenicity and the functional activity of antibodies raised to either the full length NHBA or a C-terminal fragment of NHBA (NHBA-c). The gene encoding NHBA is highly conserved and expressed in all N. gonorrhoeae strains investigated. Recombinant NHBA is immunogenic, and mice immunized with either NHBA or NHBA-c adjuvanted with either Freund’s or aluminium hydroxide (alum) generated a humoral immune response, with predominantly IgG1 antibodies. Antibodies generated by both NHBA and NHBA-c antigens promoted complement activation and mediated bacterial killing via both serum bactericidal activity and opsonophagocytic activity, with slightly higher titers seen for the NHBA-c antigen. Anti-NHBA was also able to block the functional activity of NHBA by reducing binding to heparin and adherence to cervical and urethral epithelial cells. These data suggest that the gonococcal NHBA is a promising vaccine antigen to include in a vaccine to control N. gonorrhoeae.
Role for Cell-Surface Collagen of Streptococcus pyogenes in Infection.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) displays cell-surface proteins that resemble human collagen. We find that a fluorophore-labeled collagen mimetic peptide (CMP) labels GAS cells but not Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis cells, which lack such proteins. The CMP likely engages in a heterotrimeric helix with endogenous collagen, as the nonnatural D enantiomer of the CMP does not label GAS cells. To identify a molecular target, we used reverse genetics to "knock-in" the GAS genes that encode two proteins with collagen-like domains, Scl1 and Scl2, into B. subtilis. The fluorescent CMP labels the cells of these B. subtilis strains. Moreover, these strains bind tightly to a surface of mammalian collagen. These data are consistent with streptococcal collagen forming triple helices with damaged collagen in a wound bed, and thus have implications for microbial virulence.
Optimizing outcomes for keratoplasty in ectatic corneal disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Advanced keratectasia often requires corneal transplantation for restoration of vision. This review discusses the surgical approach suitable for these cases including significant updates in the current literature. RECENT FINDINGS With greater understanding of ectatic corneal disease and its associated operative challenges, several modifications in the surgical approach have been developed. Identified predictive factors for successful pneumatic dissection and intraoperative complications have informed surgical planning and decision-making. In the setting of failed pneumatic dissection, sequential use of alternative lamellar dissection techniques is a reasonable surgical strategy. Surgical refinements to optimize visual outcomes and postoperative interventions to correct residual refractive errors have improved visual rehabilitation after keratoplasty. SUMMARY With evidence of its undisputed advantages, DALK has been widely recognized as the primary surgical option for ectatic corneal disease.
Genomic Prediction of Hybrid Wheat Performance

Accurate prediction of single cross performance is of fundamental importance to increase the selection gain in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) hybrid breeding programs. We used experimental data from a commercial wheat breeding program as well as simulated data sets and evaluated the prospects of predicting grain yield performance of untested hybrids applying different cross-validation scenarios. We used ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR -BLUP), BayesA, BayesB, BayesC, and BayesCπ facilitating genomic selection for additive and dominance effects. In total 90 hybrids were evaluated for grain yield in unreplicated trials at four locations. The parental lines were fingerprinted with a 9000 (9k) single nucleotide polymorphism array. We observed in the crossvalidation study high prediction accuracies for all five genomic models with a slight superiority of RR -BLUP and BayesB. Interestingly, ignoring dominance effects resulted in equal or even higher prediction accuracies. This lack of improvement points toward the need for further refine the genomic selection models to more precisely estimate dominance effects.
Tolerance evaluation of Moringa oleifera extract to Hailan brown laying hens.

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary addition of high-dose Moringa extract (10 g/kg Moringa extract) on laying performance, haematological parameters, organ index and organ histopathology of Hailan brown laying hens in order to determine the safety limit of Moringa extract in laying hens diet. 270 Hailan brown commercial laying hens with similar body weight were randomly divided into three treatments, 6 replicates per treatment and 15 chickens per replicate. Corn-soybean meal-based diet was used in the experiment, and 0, 0.75 and 10 g/kg extracts of Moringa oleifera were added to the basic diet in the experimental group. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. The results showed that the treatment group given 10 g/kg of dietary Moringa extract had no significant difference in egg-laying performance from the control group (p > .05). Adding 0.75 g/kg Moringa extract had no significant effect on the production performance during the early stage of the experiment (p > .05), but during the later stage, F/E was significantly lower than in the control group (p < .05), and no significantly difference compared with 10 g/kg treatment group (p > .05). The addition of Moringa oleifera extract had no significant effect on serum biochemical indices of laying hens except ALB and UREA (p > .05). The addition of Moringa oleifera extract had no significant effect on blood routine indexes of laying hens except for PLT, MON and HCT (p > .05). The digestive and immune organ indexes of laying hens at the later stage of the experiment (24 weeks) were not significantly affected by the addition of Moringa extract (p > .05) except ceca. There were no obvious abnormalities in histological structure. On the whole, we find it is safe to add Moringa oleifera extract to the diet of laying hens at a dosage of less than 10 g/kg.
Intersexuality in Lymantria dispar (L.). A reassessment

R. Goldschmidt worked on intersexuality in the Lepidoptera for many years up to 1934 and the moth Lymantria dispar was his chief experimental material. According to him, an intersexual insect develops for a time as one sex and then changes to the other, though the chromosomal sex remains that of the original zygote. If the change takes place early enough in development, e. g. at the formation of the gonads, the whole insect appears to be sexually converted, whereas, if it occurs later, only those structures formed towards the end of development, e. g. the wings, will be affected. Goldschmidt held that, within races, a fixed dosage of female determinant, carried maternally in the cytoplasm or in the Y chromosome and elaborated into the cytoplasm, outweighs the effect of a single dose of male determinant carried in one X chromosome in the heterogametic sex, here the female. In the homogametic sex the double dose of X chromosomes is balanced against the single dose of female determinant received from the female parent, and results in a male. Moreover, a certain minimum excess in either direction is required for normal sex determination. He held that, while the relative values of the sex determinants always conform to this plan, their absolute values may differ from one geographical race to another. Consequently, intersexuality due to lack of correct balance between the sex determinants may arise in different ratios when distinct races are crossed. Its degree and type, whether male converted towards female or the reverse, are controlled by the races and sexes used. Since sex abnormalities have appeared, but only sporadically, in more recent genetic work involving race crosses in mimetic butterflies, we decided to reassess Goldschmidt’s results. On repeating those of his crosses that he regarded as the most fundamental, between German and Japanese material, we bred a number of intersexes, but there were marked discrepancies between his and our overall findings. The matter is discussed and it is shown that the accuracy of the Goldschmidt hypothesis can now be tested in much more detail by using the heterochromatin body in the larva as a prospective marker of chromosomal sex in the adult.
Comprehensive Comparison of Clinically Relevant Grain Proteins in Modern and Traditional Bread Wheat Cultivars

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most valuable cereal crops for human consumption. Its grain storage proteins define bread quality, though they may cause food intolerances or allergies in susceptible individuals. Herein, we discovered a diversity of grain proteins in three Ukrainian wheat cultivars: Sotnytsia, Panna (both modern selection), and Ukrainka (landrace). Firstly, proteins were isolated with a detergent-containing buffer that allowed extraction of various groups of storage proteins (glutenins, gliadins, globulins, and albumins); secondly, the proteome was profiled by the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Using multi-enzymatic digestion, we identified 49 differentially accumulated proteins. Parallel ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography separation followed by direct mass spectrometry quantification complemented the results. Principal component analysis confirmed that differences among genotypes were a major source of variation. Non-gluten fraction better discriminated bread wheat cultivars. Various accumulation of clinically relevant plant proteins highlighted one of the modern genotypes as a promising donor for the breeding of hypoallergenic cereals.