Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Potential for Conservation of Polynesian Birds through Habitat Mapping and Species Translocation

: The dependency of highly endemic island floras on few potential pollinators in depauperate island faunas suggests that pollinators and seed dispersers may be crucial in the preservation of biodiversity in isolated oceanic islands. We discuss the hypothesis that flying foxes are “strong interactors” in South Pacific islands where they setwe as the principal pollinators and seed dispersers, This suggests that the ongoing decline and ultimate extinction of flying fox species on Pacific islands may lead to a cascade of linked plant extinctions. We propose an empirical test of this hypothesis: comparisons of plant reproductive success in Guam, which has virtually lost its flying fox populations, and Samoa, where signifcant populations remain. Resumen: La dependencia de floras islenas altamente endemicas en algunos polinizadores potenciales en faunas islenas depauperizadas sugiere que 10s polinizadores y 10s dispersadores de semillas pueden ser cruciales en la conservacion de la diversidad biologica en islas oceanicas aisladas. Discutimos la hipotesis de que 10s murcielagos fncgiwros (Pteropus sp.) son fuertes interactores en las islas del Pacico sur, en donde funcionan como 10s principales agentes de polinizacion y de dispersion de semillas Esto sugiere que la continua disminucion y futura extincion de las especies de murcielagos fncgivoros podri'an llevara una extincion de plani2i.s en cadena Hemos propuesto una pwb a empinca de esta hipotesis, mediante la comparacidn del exito reproductivo de lasplantas en Guam, quepracticamente ha perdido sus poblaciones de murcielagos fncgiwros, con el de Samoa, donde persisten poblaciones impmtantes.
Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid region. The entropy weighted index was used to assess the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Thus, groundwater from 19 sampling sites was used for analyses of physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity—EC, pH, K+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, TDS, NO3−, F−, biochemical oxygen demand—BOD, dissolved oxygen—DO, and chemical oxygen demand—COD) and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Sb, Se, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mn, and Cr). To evaluate the overall pollution status in the region, heavy metal indices such as the modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Nemerow index (NeI), and ecological risks of heavy metals (ERI) were calculated and compared. The results showed that Cd concentration plays a significant role in negatively affecting the groundwater quality. Thus, three wells were classified as poor water quality and not acceptable for drinking water supply. The maximum concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Se, and Sb was higher than permissible limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. However, all wells except one were suitable for agricultural purposes. The advantage of the innovative entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content, is that it permits objectivity when selecting the weights and reduces the error that may be caused by subjectivity. Thus, the new index can be used by groundwater managers and policymakers to better decide the water’s suitability for consumption.
Learning Music Composers’ Styles: To Block or to Interleave?

The ability to recognize and distinguish among varying musical styles is essential to developing aural skills and musicianship. Yet, this task can be difficult for music learners, particularly nonexperts. To address this challenge and guide music education practice, this study drew on cognitive psychological principles to investigate the effect of interleaved presentation of music pieces by various classical music composers on learning to identify these composers’ styles. Participants with 4 or fewer years of musical experience were presented with music pieces from six composers in an interleaved manner (alternating between listening to different composers’ works) and music pieces from another six composers in a blocked fashion (listening to works by one composer at a time before moving on to the next). A later test in which participants had to classify novel pieces by the same 12 composers revealed the superiority of interleaved over blocked presentation, although most participants misjudged blocking to be more effective than interleaving. This finding provides evidence for the utility of interleaving in teaching music composers’ styles and extends the literature on the interleaving effect in category induction to the auditory domain. Practical implications and future directions for the use of interleaving in music education are discussed.
Conservation of migrants on their breeding grounds

This paper addresses the question of how to diagnose the causes of a population decline of a migratory bird so that conservation action can be taken. Diagnosis may be through study of habitats or population factors. Different approaches are illustrated with examples from the more threatened migratory species which breed in Europe. Gaps in knowledge of how to make conservation diagnoses and of the circumstances of some of Europe's few migratory and globally endangered birds are shown.
Vegetation changes associated with invasion by Phytophthora cinnamomi on monitored sites in the Grampians, Western Australia

The effects of invasion by Phytophthora cinnamomi were measured on sites representing the larger forest regions of the Grampians. Changes were obvious at first, with the death of more than 50% of the species including large plants such as Xanthorrhoea australis, but soon became dificult to detect as susceptible species were replaced by field-resistant graminoids. Reductions were assessed in species heterogeneity and plant density during 1976, at the onset of disease and from 1977 to 1984. Susceptible species disappeared from infested forest and no re-emergence was observed. Less-susceptible plants such as some Euca/yptus spp. declined in number, regeneration and size, due to deaths or dieback of the branches. Reductions in tree canopy and the loss of structural dominants of the understorey caused changes in the flora which are likely to persist. The survival of rare, susceptible endemic species may be endangered. On dry, steep slopes the dead plants were not replaced and the amount of bare ground increased causing erosion of the soil surface. Some graminoid species increased in abundance on level, infested sites, resulting in a different species composition but with both species heterogeneity and plant density numerically similar to the previous flora.
High occurrence of impaired emotion recognition after ischemic stroke

Introduction Deficits of emotion recognition after ischemic stroke are often overlooked by clinicians, and are mostly not spontaneously reported by patients. However, impaired emotion recognition after stroke negatively affects the ability to return to work and the quality of life. It is still unknown how often impairments of emotion recognition occur shortly after ischemic stroke. We aimed to estimate the occurrence of impaired emotion recognition after ischemic stroke and to characterise these patients with impaired emotion recognition. Patients and methods Two hundred thirty patients were included, derived from a prospective study of cognitive recovery. Five weeks after ischemic stroke a neuropsychological assessment was performed, including an emotion recognition task (i.e. Ekman 60-faces test). Emotion recognition was regarded as impaired if the total score was below the fifth percentile for a large independent reference sample. Results Emotion recognition was impaired in 33.5% of patients. Patients with impaired emotion recognition were more likely to have an abnormal Montreal Cognitive Assessment during hospitalisation, and 5 weeks after their stroke, a higher proportion of them had a vascular cognitive disorder (VCD). Even 20% of patients without VCD had impaired emotion recognition. Discussion: Emotion recognition was often impaired after ischemic stroke. This is clinically relevant, since impaired emotion recognition negatively impacts social functioning. Conclusion: Even when there was no cognitive disorder in traditional cognitive domains, emotion recognition was impaired in 1 out of 5 patients. Clinicians should systematically ask patients and their caregivers about deficits in emotion recognition, and, if needed, test for these deficits.
Influence of plastic deformation over the natural frequency of steel structures

— The modal analysis is an important step during the project of structures. Throughout it, it is possible to know structural properties that may help when it is necessary to analyze the integrity of the system. Many studies and researches are being developed to understand more deeply the phenoms that involve mechanical vibrations, especially because of their importance. One of these phenoms, for example, crucial in aeroelasticity, is the flutter, that requires the coupling of two different natural frequencies, which may happen when the material is plastically deformed. In its turn, the coupling requires the variation of natural frequencies, which was experimentally observed by this work through traction tests and modal analysis.
Mating Patterns and Pollinator Communities of the Invasive Shrub Lonicera maackii: A Comparison between Interior Plants and Edge Plants

Premise of research. It is known that outcrossing rates and mating structure are important factors determining the genetic structure of populations. Moreover, the composition and abundance of pollinator communities visiting flowers determine the distances over which the pollen is likely to be dispersed, which in turn affects the genetic structure of plant populations. For invasive plants, high outcrossing rates produce genetically diverse propagules for the colonization of uninvaded areas and facilitate the establishment of novel gene combinations that may affect their invasive ability. Here, we examine how differences in pollinator communities visiting flowers of the invasive shrub Lonicera maackii (Caprifoliaceae), growing along the edge and in the interior of a woodlot, affect their outcrossing rates and mating structure. Methodology. Five microsatellite marker loci were used to determine the outcrossing rates, levels of biparental inbreeding, and effective number of pollen donors siring the seed crop of plants growing along the edge and in the interior of an invaded woodlot. Pivotal results. We found that L. maackii is a predominantly outcrossing plant. Despite dissimilarities in composition and abundance of pollinator communities, there were no differences in outcrossing rates and biparental inbreeding between plants along the edge of the woodlot and those in the interior. However, the seed crop of plants in the interior was sired by more pollen donors than that of plants along the edge. Our findings suggest that plants differ in their ability to sire seeds, as maternal allele frequencies are different from those that sired their seeds. Conclusions. Lonicera maackii plants showed high outcrossing rates regardless of their position in the woodlot. Differences in the number of donors siring the seed crop between plants in the interior of the woodlot and those along the edge are most likely due to disparities in the abundance and composition of the pollinator communities.
Development of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle for the Emergency Response Mission of the ‘Sanchi’ Oil Tanker Collision and Explosion Accident

Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) as unmanned intelligent devices can replace humans to perform missions more efficiently and safely in dangerous areas. However, due to the complex navigation environment and special mission requirements, USVs face many challenges in emergency response missions for marine oil spill accidents. To solve these challenges in the emergency response mission of the ‘Sanchi’ oil tanker collision and explosion accident, we designed and deployed an USV to perform the missions of real-time scanning and water sampling in the shipwreck waters. Compared with the previous USVs, our USV owned the following characteristics: Firstly, the improved navigation control algorithms (path following and collision avoidance) can provide high navigation accuracy while ensuring navigation safety; Secondly, an improved launch and recovery system (LARS) enabled the USV to be quickly deployed and recovered in the mission area; Thirdly, a new sampling system was specially designed for the USV. Our USV completed the missions successfully, not only providing a lot of information for rescuers but also offering a scientific basis for follow-up work.
Patterns of endemism and comparative phylogeography confirm palaeo- environmental evidence for Pleistocene refugia in the Eastern Alps

Climatic fluctuations during Quaternary glaciations had a significant influence on the distribution of taxa and on their intraspecific genetic structure. In this paper, we test hypotheses on Pleistocene refugia for mountain plants in the eastern part of the European Alps derived from palaeoenvironmental and geological results, with new data on distributional patterns of 288 vascular plant endemics and molecular phylogeographies of selected species. High numbers of endemics are found in calcareous regions at the southern and the eastern border of the Eastern Alps, which remained unglaciated during the Pleistocene. The distribution of local endemic taxa in general, and of silicicolous taxa in particular, shows a clear relationship with hypothetical glacial refugia in the southern, southeastern, easternmost, and northeastern Alps. Molecular phylogeographic data from several silicicolous alpine species ( Androsace alpina , Androsace wulfeniana , Eritrichium nanum , Phyteuma globulariifolium , Ranunculus glacialis , Saponaria pumila ) are not completely congruent. However, all genetically defined population groups are in congruence with hypothetical refugia. In general, results from distributions of endemic taxa and data from intraspecific phylogeography are compatible with previously hypothesized refugia suggesting that refugial situations have shaped the current patterns. The combination of patterns of endemism with molecular phylogeographic data provides an efficacious approach to reveal glacial refugia in vascular plants.
Translating MAPK Inhibitors To Anti-Inflammatory Compounds

Protein phosphorylation plays a central role in cellular processes. Recently, a considerable interest in the development of inhibitors of protein kinase has been taken. Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases, are activated by a wide spectrum of extracellular stimuli. Extensive literature reports have indicated the key role of these kinases in inflammatory processes and in immune response. This review outlines relevant aspects on the development of MAPK inhibitors that could form the molecular basis for a new class of anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory agents. Particular focus is given to their role in regulating the dysfunction of innate immunity. Also, concepts as docking interactions, participation of scaffold proteins in MAPK cascades and its importance in the design of more specific inhibitors are discussed.
Ischemic Stroke and Disseminated Tuberculosis in Intensive Care: A Case Report

Patient: Male, 73-year-old Final Diagnosis: Ischemic stroke and disseminated tuberculosis Symptoms: Aphasia • deterioration of the level of consciousness • deviation of the labial commissure Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Critical Care Medicine Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health problem worldwide. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the level of the central nervous system is the most devastating and deadly form of tuberculosis. Case Report: We present the case of a 73-year-old male Ecuadorian patient with no history of contact with tuberculosis and with a clinical picture of 4 days of evolution characterized by aphasia, deviation of the labial commissure, and deterioration of the level of consciousness with a Glasgow coma score of 7/15. A brain tomography showed evidence of indirect signs of cerebral ischemia; the patient was therefore diagnosed with non-specific cerebrovascular disease. Due to the critical nature of his clinical picture, the patient entered the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where a chest x-ray was performed and bilateral perihilar alveolar opacities with a reticular and nodular pattern were visualized. These results, combined with the bronchoalveolar brushing, evidenced the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Adenosine of deaminase (ADA) was also detected in the cerebrospinal fluid with 30.7 µ/L and a molecular biology technique was used with high-multiplex real-time polymerase matrix MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (Brucker Daltonics) for rapid identification of the causative agent. DNA/polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were used for detection of M. tuberculosis, subsequently confirming the presence of cerebral tuberculosis. Conclusions: This case illustrated an infrequent form of disseminated tuberculosis in a critically ill patient. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to reducing mortality.
IMPRESSION OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND MORAL VALUES OF STUDENTS: A CASE OF THE COLLEGES LOCATED IN AREA OF OMERGA, SUB-DISTRICT

In this technical world, young youth of India enjoyed to spend their foremost time on social media. Not only in cities but also in rural areas, it found that the present generation has attraction towards social media. In today’s world, life cannot be imagined without social media like WhatsApp, Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, LinkedIn and Twitter accounts etc. In the present work, we have study the impact of use of social media on academic performance and moral values of students located in omerga sub-district. This expressive, investigative study surveyed the types of social media platforms students commonly use, the amount of time students spend on social media, the purposes for which students use the social media and the influence of social media use on students’ academic as well as social life. The study also found that majority of students agreed that their educational performance is influenced due to the massive use of social media. Additionally, near about 50% students from these colleges think them self as they are addicted to use of social media.
Robust Dissipativity Analysis of Hopfield-Type Complex-Valued Neural Networks with Time-Varying Delays and Linear Fractional Uncertainties

We study the robust dissipativity issue with respect to the Hopfield-type of complex-valued neural network (HTCVNN) models incorporated with time-varying delays and linear fractional uncertainties. To avoid the computational issues in the complex domain, we divide the original complex-valued system into two real-valued systems. We devise an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) equipped with general integral terms to facilitate the analysis. By exploiting the multiple integral inequality method, the sufficient conditions for the dissipativity of HTCVNN models are obtained via the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The MATLAB software package is used to solve the LMIs effectively. We devise a number of numerical models and their empirical results positively ascertain the obtained results.
Research on the Application of Computer Deep Learning in Image Processing

The rapid development of Internet technology has made the whole society enter the era of big data. In recent years, the development trend of artificial intelligence and machine learning has also risen sharply. Informatization has become an important feature of the current era. As an indispensable common information carrier, images not only facilitate people’s communication, but also promote the development of deep learning processing image technology. Based on this, this paper analyzes the application of computer deep learning in image processing. Firstly, the deep learning is summarized, its concept and origin are briefly introduced, and then the technical classification, development process and processing purpose of image processing are expounded. Finally, the application of computer deep learning in four aspects is analyzed in detail in image recognition, image denoising, image classification and image enhancement, and it has certain significance for promoting the research and application of deep learning.
Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi of vanilla through lytic action of Trichoderma species and Pseudomonas fluorescens

Trichoderma, soil-borne filamentous fungi, are capable of parasitising several plant pathogenic fungi. Secretion of lytic enzymes, mainly glucanases, proteases and chitinases, is considered the most crucial step of the mycoparasitic process. The lytic enzymes degrade the cell walls of the pathogenic fungi, enabling Trichoderma to utilise both their cell walls and cellular contents for nutrition. Twenty-one strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from vanilla rhizosphere and suppressive soils from different regions of Tamil Nadu. The antagonistic effect of Trichoderma was studied towards a range of phytopathogenic fungi; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae, P. meadii and Colletotrichum vanillae in vanilla. Coculture of the phytopathogens and Trichodema under laboratory conditions clearly showed dominance of the Trichoderma species. In all cases, Trichoderma overgrew the phytopathogens and subsequently developed a conidial lawn over the surface. The percent inhibition of pathogen growth by isolates T1 and T17 were significantly high by 49.5 and 48.2% respectively. In these studies the lytic action of the pathogen was clearly apparent and the inhibition of growth appears directly related to its ability to hydrolyse the cell walls of the tested microorganisms. Protease, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities were determined in the extracellular fluid of Trichoderma. The data imply that the nature of Trichoderma antagonism is based on mycoparasitism (lysis) and appears to optimalize with contact between the mycelia. Six of them (Tricho1, Tricho6, Tricho10, Tricho12, Tricho15 and Tricho17) were prioritized for further evaluation to utilize different substrates by chitinase production. T. viride isolates T1 and T17 produced more extracellular protease, chitinase and β-1,3 glucanase, which cause disruption of the cell wall and membrane structure of pathogen. The increase in mycelial weight, inhibition behaviour and production of extracellular enzymes by these isolates suggest that the isolates can be used as biological control agents in vanilla plantations. In vanilla field evaluation with microbial consortia involving P. fluorescens strains and Trichoderma isolates, the combinations viz., Pf1 + FP7 + chitin (soil and foliar), Pf1 + Tricho1 + chitin (soil) + Pf1 + chitin (foliar) and Pf1 + Tricho17 + chitin (soil) + Pf1 + chitin (foliar) performed well in reducing the disease incidence.