Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors

ABSTRACT This article explores the diversity in the disclosure process of male survivors of child sexual abuse. Disclosure is a complex process for victims of both genders, however masculine norms and stereotypes have contributed to an environment that often negates the experiences of men. The disclosure process of 17 adult male survivors of child sexual abuse was explored using transcripts of telephone interviews. A combination of two qualitative methodologies, the phenomenological method and interpretive description approach, was used to analyze this secondary data. The results indicated that the majority of the men in the study waited until adulthood to disclose their abuse, with negative stereotypes contributing to their delayed disclosures. In terms of specific experiences with disclosure, the participants found they received both positive and negative responses. These results were consistent with the literature.
Hepatitis E Virus Nanoparticle Encapsulating Nano-Theranostic Reagent as Modularized Capsule

The application of nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery has dramatically increased in recent years. Nanocarriers including synthetic polymers, liposomes, and telodendrimers have been proposed and investigated thoroughly. However, a need remains to address several limitations such as, toxicity, inability to accumulate a sufficient number of molecules to the cytoplasm through target cell internalization, and lack of controlled biodegradation [1,2]. In contrast, virus-like particles (VLPs) possess advantages in efficient penetration of cells by active endocytosis, polyvalence to anchor multiple copies of active agents, and biocompatibility, undergoing proteolytic decay after delivery.
Autism: Peer‐Reviewed Analysis

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that involves social, language, sensory, and motor deficits, behavioral abnormalities, and may also be associated with mental retardation. Kanner coined the term “autism” in 1943 to characterize a group of children in whom he identified a complex set of characteristics that clustered together, including abnormalities in social development, verbal and non-verbal communication, and symbolic thinking. In 1944 Asperger described a similar set of characteristics, except that his patients did not have language delays as described by Kanner.
Effect of computer-based alerts on the treatment and outcomes of hospitalized patients.

BACKGROUND Hospital computing systems play an important part in the communication of clinical information to physicians. We sought to determine whether computer-based alerts for hospitalized patients can affect physicians' behavior and improve patients' outcomes. METHODS We performed a prospective time-series study to determine whether computerized alerts to physicians about rising creatinine levels in hospitalized patients receiving nephrotoxic or renally excreted medications led to more rapid adjustment or discontinuation of those medications, and to determine whether such alerts protected renal function. RESULTS Laboratory data were observed for 20,228 hospitalizations, with documentation of 1573 events (instances of rising creatinine levels during treatment with a nephrotoxic or renally excreted drug). During the intervention period, doses were adjusted or medications discontinued an average of 21.6 hours sooner after such an event (P < .0001). For patients receiving nephrotoxic medications during the intervention period, the relative risk of serious renal impairment was 0.45 (95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.94) as compared with the control period, and the mean serum creatinine level was 14.1 mumol/L (0.16 mg/dL) lower on day 3 (P < .01) and 25.6 mumol/L (0.29 mg/dL) lower on day 7 (P < .05) after an event. Forty-four percent of physicians who responded to a questionnaire said that the alerts had been helpful in the care of their patients, whereas 28% found them annoying. Sixty-five percent wished to continue receiving alerts. CONCLUSIONS Computer-based alerts regarding patients with rising creatinine levels affect physician behavior, prevent serious renal impairment, preserve renal function, and are accepted by clinicians.
Docetaxel–Chitosan nanoparticles for breast cancer treatment: cell viability and gene expression study

Docetaxel acts through the inhibition of tubulin polymerization and reduction in the expression of BCL‐2 gene. In this study, nanoparticles containing Docetaxel were prepared and their effects on the gene expression levels of BCL‐2 and BAX genes were investigated. The drug was first conjugated to chitosan, and the nanoparticles were assembled in the presence of hyaluronic acid. Conjugations were confirmed by 1H‐NMR, and the obtained nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and SEM. Cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles, cellular uptake, and cell death were evaluated. Finally, the effect of nanoparticles on the expression of BAX and BCL‐2 genes in MCF‐7 cells were investigated through real‐time PCR. The results revealed that the prepared NPs had spherical shape with narrow size distribution of <200 nm with positive zeta potentials. In vitro cytotoxicity of Cs nanoparticles and free Docetaxel investigations revealed that increasing the treatment time with nanoparticles led to decrease in the rate of cell viability. BAX and BCL‐2 gene expressions were decreased in nanoparticle‐treated cells in comparison with intact cells, while the BAX/BCL‐2 ratio was significantly elevated compared with free drug‐treated cells after 72 h. Docetaxel‐conjugated NPs may offer a promising treatment with low off‐target toxicity for breast cancer.
A Substrate Preference for the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Resident Protein FKBP22 during Collagen Biosynthesis*

Background: Procollagen biosynthesis requires a large number of foldases, chaperones, and modifying enzymes. Results: FKBP22 is a foldase and chaperone that interacts with a subset of collagens. Conclusion: Collagen type-specific chaperones and foldases exist in the rER. Significance: The lack of collagen type-specific rER proteins can lead to broader or overlapping phenotypes of connective tissue disorders. The biosynthesis of collagens occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and requires a large numbers of molecular chaperones, foldases, and post-translational modification enzymes. Collagens contain a large number of proline residues that are post-translationally modified to 3-hydroxyproline or 4-hydroxyproline, and the rate-limiting step in formation of the triple helix is the cis-trans isomerization of peptidyl-proline bonds. This step is catalyzed by peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases. There are seven peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases in the rER, and so far, two of these enzymes, cyclophilin B and FKBP65, have been shown to be involved in collagen biosynthesis. The absence of either cyclophilin B or FKBP65 leads to a recessive form of osteogenesis imperfecta. The absence of FKBP22 leads to a kyphoscoliotic type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and this type of EDS is classified as EDS type VI, which can also be caused by a deficiency in lysyl-hydroxylase 1. However, the lack of FKBP22 shows a wider spectrum of clinical phenotypes than the absence of lysyl-hydroxylase 1 and additionally includes myopathy, hearing loss, and aortic rupture. Here we show that FKBP22 catalyzes the folding of type III collagen and interacts with type III collagen, type VI collagen, and type X collagen, but not with type I collagen, type II collagen, or type V collagen. These restrictive interactions might help explain the broader phenotype observed in patients that lack FKBP22.
Efficient codebook generation for appearance-based localization

Mobile robot localization relies on efficient environment modeling, which in turns relies on robust feature set representation. Local point of interest descriptors provide distinguishable visual features, however suffer from their huge size. In this paper, the problem of reducing the size of such descriptors for the sake of robot localization is addressed. A two-phase solution is proposed. The first uses an entropy measure for features evaluation and selection. The second generates a codebook from the entropy-based features, which manages to reduce the size of the features significantly, while still preserving similar performance like that of the non reduced descriptor. The localization precision within an indoor environment is 96%, with 90% reduction in the number of features.
Blindsight and Visual Awareness

Some patients with damaged striate cortex have blindsight-the ability to discriminate unseen stimuli in their clinically blind visual field defects when forced-choice procedures are used. Blindsight implies a sharp dissociation between visual performance and visual awareness, but signal detection theory indicates that it might be indistinguishable from the behavior of normal subjects near the lower limit of conscious vision, where the dissociations could arise trivially from using different response criteria during clinical and forced-choice tests. We tested the latter possibility with a hemianopic subject during yes-no and forced-choice detection of static and moving targets. His response criterion differed significantly between yes-no and forced-choice responding, and the difference was sufficient to produce a blindsight-like dissociation with bias-sensitive measures of performance. When measured independently of bias, his sensitivity to static targets was greater in the forced-choice than in the yes-no task (unlike normal control subjects), but his sensitivity to moving targets did not differ. Differences in response criterion could therefore account for dissociations between yes-no and forced-choice detection of motion, but not of static pattern. The results explain why patients with blindsight are apparently more often "aware" of moving stimuli than of static stimuli. However, they also imply that blindsight is unlike normal vision near threshold, and that pattern- and motion-detection in blindsight may depend on different sets of neural mechanisms during yes-no and forced-choice tests.
Rare case of Langerhans cell sarcoma with cutaneous manifestation arising on the inguinal region

carcinoma-like features in a nodule. The fact that nodules with solid carcinoma-like histopathological features had appeared from an erythematous plaque leads us to hypothesize that the tumor cells differentiated into two directions of either tubular structures in an erythematous plaque or solid carcinoma-like features in a nodule. In accordance with this hypothesis, immunohistochemical staining shared a positive reaction with EMA in tumor cells of both syringomatous carcinoma and solid carcinoma-like features. The size of this tumor (24 cm 9 15 cm) is quite large compared with previous cases, and the location is relatively rare since most cases of syringomatous carcinoma occur on the face, axillae and scalp. In conclusion, we report a case that supports the concept of syringomatous carcinomas having several different histological expression patterns.
Cerebral Manifestations of Mitochondrial Disorders

ABSTRACT This review aims at summarizing and discussing previous and recent findings concerning the cerebral manifestations of mitochondrial disorders (MIDs). MIDs frequently present as mitochondrial multiorgan disorder syndrome (MIMODS) either already at onset or later in the course. After the muscle, the brain is the organ second most frequently affected in MIMODS. Cerebral manifestations of MIDs are variable and may present with or without a lesion on imaging or functional studies, but there can be imaging/functional lesions without clinical manifestations. The most well-known cerebral manifestations of MIDs include stroke-like episodes, epilepsy, headache, ataxia, movement disorders, hypopituitarism, muscle weakness, psychiatric abnormalities, nystagmus, white and gray matter lesions, atrophy, basal ganglia calcification, and hypometabolism on 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron-emission tomography. For most MIDs, only symptomatic therapy is currently available. Symptomatic treatment should be supplemented by vitamins, cofactors, and antioxidants. In conclusion, cerebral manifestations of MIDs need to be recognized and appropriately managed because they strongly determine the outcome of MID patients. RÉSUMÉ Manifestations cliniques cérébrales relatives aux troubles mitochondriaux. Cet article vise à résumer et à aborder les conclusions, à la fois antérieures et récentes, relatives aux manifestations cliniques cérébrales des troubles mitochondriaux. De façon générale, ces manifestations sont fréquemment l’expression du syndrome de défaillance multi-viscérale d’origine mitochondriale, que ce soit à ses débuts ou lors de son évolution. Après les muscles, le cerveau est l’organe le plus fréquemment affecté lorsqu’on diagnostique un syndrome de défaillance multi-viscérale. De telles manifestations cliniques cérébrales demeurent variables ; elles peuvent (ou ne pas être) associées à des lésions à la suite d’examens d’imagerie cérébrale ou d’études fonctionnelles. Cela étant, il est possible que de telles lésions n’entraînent aucune manifestation clinique. Parmi les manifestations cliniques cérébrales des troubles mitochondriaux les plus répandues, on peut inclure des pseudo-AVC (stroke-like episodes), l’épilepsie, des maux de tête, l’ataxie, des troubles du mouvement, l’hypopituitarisme, de la faiblesse musculaire, des problèmes psychiatriques, le nystagmus, des lésions de la substance blanche ou de la substance grise, l’atrophie, la calcification des noyaux gris centraux et l’hypo-métabolisme de la molécule 2-désoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose détecté lors d’un examen de tomographie par émission de positrons. Pour la plupart de ces manifestations, seul un traitement symptomatique est offert à l’heure actuelle. Un tel traitement devrait être complété par la prise de vitamines, de cofacteurs et d’antioxydants. En conclusion, les manifestations cliniques cérébrales des troubles mitochondriaux doivent être détectées et soignées de façon appropriée car elles ont une grande incidence sur l’évolution de l’état de santé des patients.
Retinoblastoma, the visible CNS tumor: A review

The pediatric ocular cancer retinoblastoma is the only central nervous system (CNS) tumor readily observed without specialized equipment: it can be seen by, and in, the naked eye. This accessibility enables unique imaging modalities. Here, we review this cancer for a neuroscience audience, highlighting these clinical and research imaging options, including fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. We also discuss the subtype of retinoblastoma driven by the MYCN oncogene more commonly associated with neuroblastoma, and consider trilateral retinoblastoma, in which an intracranial tumor arises along with ocular tumors in patients with germline RB1 gene mutations. Retinoblastoma research and clinical care can offer insights applicable to CNS malignancies, and also benefit from approaches developed elsewhere in the CNS.
Immunity against Yersinia enterocolitica by vaccination with Yersinia HSP60 immunostimulating complexes or Yersinia HSP60 plus interleukin-12

Microbial heat shock proteins (HSP) are dominant antigens for the host immune response. Because of the high sequence homology between mammalian and microbial HSP, their value as component of a subunit vaccine has been the subject of controversy. Previous work from this laboratory, however, demonstrated for the first time that the adoptive transfer of HSP60-reactive CD4+ alphabeta T-cell clones confers protection against bacterial infection in mice but does not induce autoimmunity. In the present study, we have therefore evaluated the potential role of Yersinia HSP60 (Y-HSP60) as a vaccine in the Yersinia enterocolitica mouse infection model. For this purpose, immunostimulating complexes (ISCOM) which included Y-HSP60 were constructed. Parenteral administration of this vaccine induced high Y-HSP60-specific serum antibody responses as well as T-cell responses. This reaction was parallelled by immunity against a lethal challenge with Y. enterocolitica. In contrast, mucosal application of Y-HSP60-ISCOM failed to induce systemic Y-HSP60-specific T-cell responses and thus failed to induce immunity against yersiniae. Likewise, vaccination with purified recombinant Y-HSP60 induced antibody responses but only weak T-cell responses. Therefore, this vaccination protocol was not protective. However, when interleukin-12 was used as an adjuvant, purified Y-HSP60 induced significant Y-HSP60-specific T-cell responses and thus induced protection against subsequent challenge with yersiniae. These studies suggest that (i) microbial HSP might be promising candidates for the design of subunit vaccines and (ii) interleukin-12 is an efficient alternative adjuvant to ISCOM particles for induction of protective CD4 Th1-cell-dependent immune responses against bacterial pathogens.
Cyclic AMP-dependent synthesis of fimbriae in Salmonella typhimurium: effects of cya and pts mutations

Synthesis of bacterial fimbriae (group 1, subtype 1) was shown to be dependent on cyclic AMP and was subject to catabolite repression by many carbohydrates. Mutations in the genes coding for the energy-coupling protein constituents of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system prevented repression of fimbrial production by the sugar substrates of this enzyme system.
Mu antagonist and kappa agonist properties of beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) in vivo: long-lasting spinal analgesia in mice.

It is now well established that compounds classified as kappa opioids can, in circumstances where they produce no measurable agonist effects, antagonize the actions of mu opioids. Largely on the basis of studies in vitro, beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) has been classified as a reversible kappa agonist and long acting mu antagonist. The present study investigated the possibility that the mu antagonist profile of this compound could be related to its kappa agonist actions. We used two tests of analgesia (the acetic acid writhing test and the hot-water tail-flick test) and selective kappa agonists and antagonists given at supraspinal and spinal sites in mice. Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of beta-FNA, but not the selective kappa agonist U50,488H, produced long-lasting and dose-related analgesia in the writhing test for periods up to 48 hr after a single dose. In contrast, i.t. beta-FNA had no agonist actions in the tail-flick test. The kappa antagonist, nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) produced no agonist effects in either analgesic test when given i.t. In the writhing test, nor-BNI produced a rightward displacement of the beta-FNA dose-response line regardless of whether beta-FNA was given 10 min or 4 hr before testing, indicating that i.t. beta-FNA was acting as a kappa agonist in this test. As both i.t. morphine and beta-FNA are active in the writhing test, the antagonist actions of i.t. beta-FNA could be evaluated only in the tail-flick test. beta-FNA, but not nor-BNI, blocked the effects of i.t. morphine in the tail-flick test. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Potentially detrimental effects of N-acetylcysteine on renal function in knee arthroplasty

Ischaemia/reperfusion induces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress and thereby remote organ injury in the kidney. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 30 patients undergoing knee arthroplasty with tourniquet, this study evaluated the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) infusion on renal function by measuring urine alpha-1-microglobulin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), glutathione-S-transferase-alpha and -phi and serum creatinine and cystatin C concentrations up to 24 h post-operatively. Compared to the baseline, urine alpha-1-microglobulin/creatinine increased in both groups and was higher in the NAC group than in the placebo group at tourniquet deflation and at 3 h thereafter. Urine NAG/creatinine increased at deflation and at 3 h thereafter in the NAC group and the ratio was higher than in the placebo group. The two sensitive indicators of proximal tubular damage and function used in the present study suggest that use of NAC in clinical setting of ischaemia/reperfusion injury may increase the risk of remote kidney injury.
Defect tolerance of solid dielectric transmission class cable

This paper addresses the issue of determining the level of defect that is likely to cause the failure of solid dielectric transmission class cables. It also proposes methods for predicting the level of defect that is likely to cause failure and to provide a simple analytic approximation for doing so in the case of conducting spheroids aligned with the electric field. A common assumption is that conducting particles > 100 /spl mu/m in length are likely to cause failure of extruded dielectric transmission cable. This analysis suggests that when the effects of operation at elevated temperature are included in the analysis, this is probably an appropriate criterion with a sound technical basis. For maximum background fields in the range of 15 kV/mm, as presently seen near the conductor shield of some transmission class cables, a worst-case particle length in the range of 0.1 mm is likely to be required to cause failure for the worst-case local polymer morphology in the range of the maximum operating temperature.
A topos over an ontology as a model of experts intuition

A formal representation of an expert's world model is described, which covers not only the domain ontology, but also the relationships of similarity between its entities. Similarities are formally treated in the framework of pretopological, topological and metric spaces, where an actually achievable grade of metricity of similarity relationships is determined experimentally. An automated inference under uncertainty in the proposed model is based on the internal logic of a (pre)sheaf where the base category is the formal domain ontology (a field of knowledge). The ordinary skeleton of entities and relationships is embedded into a (pre)topological structure, formed by the subjectively significant, for the expert, "regions of evidence", where the decision process is "intuitively obvious" and formalized with the lattice of conceptual similarities of the corresponding local neighbourhoods in his/her world model.
Lightning-induced voltage on overhead lines

The report is devoted to creating a model for calculation of lightning-induced voltages on overhead lines during indirect lightning return strikes starting from the channel-base current. The calculation of lightning-induced voltages is generally performed in the following way: 1) electromagnetic field is calculated across the length of the line, using the model of the lightning return-stroke current as a function of time and the height of the channel. The channel of the lightning current is taken as a straight vertical antenna; 2) the electromagnetic field is then used to calculate the induced voltages using of a coupling model, which describes the interaction between the field and the line conductors. This model is based on the transmission line theory; 3) the shape and amplitude of the waves on the line at an arbitrary distance from the lightning stroke is based on the calculated induced voltage. The procedure is applied for the analysis of the voltages induced on overhead line by indirect lightning strikes with an equidistant point from the ends of the line. The influence of some parameters such as lightning discharge, striking point and terminating impedance of load currents on the induced voltage amplitude and waveshape is examined.