Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in a Neotropical savanna using pan traps

Bee populations are declining because of various synergistic threats, and therefore bee survey and monitoring programs are needed. Several techniques have been developed to survey bees, but the most cost-effective and suitable methods to sample bees in several sites at the same time are passive approaches, such as methods involving colored pan traps (also known as Moericke or bowl traps). Several bee surveys using pan traps have been conducted in North America, Europe, and Australia, but only a few such surveys have been done in tropical regions. We used colored pan traps (blue, yellow, and white) to assess the bee community in the Brazilian savanna ecosystem in Rio Preto State Park. Sampling was conducted in October 2013 and March 2014 along permanent trails. We also characterized the local habitat of each trail, and then we compared bee abundance with habitat complexity. In total, 187 individual bees (n = 15 species) were collected, mainly using blue and white traps. Although we were not able to sample most species that were previously recorded in this park, the pan trap method can be used to survey and monitor bee assemblages in combination with another sampling method. Habitat complexity also affected the numbers of bees sampled using the pan traps, and more bees were collected at open sites.
Molecular Identification of Campylobacter Species from Positive Cultural Stool Samples of Diarrhoeic Children in Osun State

Death of infants from diarrhoea is a common occurrence in sub-Saharan Africa. This is attributed to unhygienic practices which aid the proliferation of diarrhoea-causing microorganisms. Among these microorganisms, Cam- pylobacter species have been reported as one of the causal agents, Campylobacter spp. are human intestinal pathogens of global importance and their pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood. This study was designed to investigate the molecular characterisation of Campylobacter gotten from cultural methods in Osun State. Campylobacters isolated were biochemically characterized and biotyped. Confirmation of Campylobacter was done using flaA gene, hippuricase O for Campylobacter jejuni and aspartokinase gene for Campylobacter coli and single locus sequencing glnA gene were performed by PCR. Twenty five samples were amplified by PCR out of 57 Campylobacter strains that were positive for cultural methods from 815 stool samples with diarrhoea and 100 stool samples without diarrhoea. No Campylobacter was isolated from stools of children in the control group. Twenty-five isolates comprising of 18 Campylobater jejuni and 7 C. coli were identified. The nucleotide sequence of the gln A for all the isolated Campylobacter spp. showed 91.0% similarity with the ones in the GenBank. The C. jejuni was classified into biotypes I (44.4%) and II (55.6%) and all C. coli were of biotype I.
Simulation of Northeast U.S. Extreme Precipitation and Its Associated Circulation by CMIP5 Models

Historical simulations from 14 models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) are evaluated for their ability to reproduce observed precipitation in the northeastern United States and its associated circulation, with particular emphasis on extreme (top 1%) precipitation. The models are compared to observations in terms of the spatial variations of extreme precipitation, seasonal cycles of precipitation and extreme precipitation frequency and intensity, and extreme precipitation circulation regimes. The circulation regimes are identified using k-means clustering of 500-hPa geopotential heights on extreme precipitation days, in both observations and in the models. While all models capture an observed northwest-to-southeast gradient of precipitation intensity (reflected in the top 1% threshold), there are substantial differences from observations in the magnitude of the gradient. These differences tend to be more substantial for lower-resolution models. However, regardless of resolution, and despite a bias toward too-frequent precipitation, many of the models capture the seasonality of observed daily precipitation intensity, and the approximate magnitude and seasonality of observed extreme precipitation intensity. Many of the simulated extreme precipitation circulation patterns are visually similar to the set of observed patterns. However, the location and magnitude of specific troughs and ridges within the patterns, as well as the seasonality of the patterns, may differ substantially from the observed corresponding patterns. A series of metrics is developed based on the observed regional characteristics to facilitate comparison between models.
Seasonal climate effects on the survival of a hibernating mammal

Abstract Global climate change and associated regional climate variability is impacting the phenology of many species, ultimately altering individual fitness and population dynamics. Yet, few studies have considered the effects of pertinent seasonal climate variability on phenology and fitness. Hibernators may be particularly susceptible to changes in seasonal climate since they have a relatively short active season in which to reproduce and gain enough mass to survive the following winter. To understand whether and how seasonal climate variability may be affecting hibernator fitness, we estimated survival from historical (1964–1968) and contemporary (2014–2017) mark–recapture data collected from the same population of Uinta ground squirrels (UGS, Urocitellus armatus), a hibernator endemic to the western United States. Despite a locally warming climate, the phenology of UGS did not change over time, yet season‐specific climate variables were important in regulating survival rates. Specifically, older age classes experienced lower survival when winters or the following springs were warm, while juveniles benefited from warmer winter temperatures. Although metabolic costs decrease with decreasing temperature in the hibernacula, arousal costs increase with decreasing temperature. Our results suggest that this trade‐off is experienced differently by immature and mature individuals. We also observed an increase in population density during that time period, suggesting resources are less limited today than they used to be. Cheatgrass is now dominating the study site and may provide a better food source to UGS than native plants did historically.
Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Grouper Fish from Kertih Terminal and Tanjung Sulong Port

Continuous exposure of heavy metals can lead to accumulation in fish and causes serious threats to human via food chain. Thus, the detection of heavy metal contamination in aquatic component is vital. The concentration of some heavy metals such as Pb, Cr and Zn in fish were determined. Grouper fish was collected from Kertih Terminal and Tanjung Sulong Port coastal area. The highest average level of heavy metal documented in fish is Pb followed by Cr, and Zn. The metal contamination found in this study was lower than WHO (1985) permissible limit except for Pb from Kertih and Tanjung Sulong bone sampling which is 2.0572 ppm and 2.0406 ppm, respectively, slightly exceeded MFR (2014) and FDA (2001) limit. In this work, only one time sampling was carried out. Thus, it is suggested to perform continuous monitoring to provide useful information regarding environmental situation.
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis of chromosome 1 and gene expression levels of MAD2 and BUB1 levels in premalignant stages of gastric tissue

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Early Detection of Lung Cancer- A Challenge

Lung cancer or lung carcinoma, is a common and serious type of cancer caused by rapid cell growth in tissues of the lung. Lung cancer detection at its earlier stage is very difficult because of the structure of the cell alignment which makes it very challenging. Computed tomography (CT) scan is used to detect the presence of cancer and its spread. Visual analysis of CT scan can lead to late treatment of cancer; therefore, different steps of image processing can be used to solve this issue. A comprehensive framework is used for the classification of pulmonary nodules by combining appearance and shape feature descriptors, which helps in the early diagnosis of lung cancer. 3D Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Resolved Ambiguity Local Binary Pattern (RALBP) and Higher Order Markov Gibbs Random Field (MGRF) are the feature descriptors used to explain the nodule’s appearance and compared their performance. Lung cancer screening methods, image processing techniques and nodule classification using radiomic-based framework are discussed in this paper which proves to be very effective in lung cancer prediction. Good performance is shown by using RALBP descriptor.
Emotion Mining of Indonesia Presidential Political Campaign 2019 using Twitter Data

The presidential election campaign in Indonesia which was held in 2019 attracted the interest of the Indonesian people. People expressing their emotion through social media, one of which is Twitter. Supervised learning is used to classify user’s emotion of that issues. The goal of this research is extracting the emotional content in tweets. The interest is in whether the text is an expression of Twitter users’ about the presidential candidates and whether this online forum represents the election results. For this purpose, text mining techniques are performed and we will compare Naive Bayes Classifier and SVM in classification process. The result showed that Naive Bayes Classifier and SVM have good performance for classifiying text and each of classifier have not outperform the others. The result also showed that stemming step in text pre-processing do not give any significant result in model accuracy, because twitter data use informal languange like abbreviation or slang.
Solving Unit Commitment Problem in Deregulated Power Systems Environment. (Dept. E. )

With the fast-paced changing technologies in the power industry, new power references addressing new technologies are coming to the market. So there is an urgent need to keep track of international experiences and activities taking place in the field of modern unit-commitment (UC) problem. UC is a nonlinear mixed integer optimization problem to schedule the operation of the generating units at minimum operating cost while satisfying the demand and other equality and inequality constrains. The UC problem has to determine the on/off state of the generating units at each hour of the planning period and optimally dispatch the load among the committed units. UC is the most significant optimization task in the operation of the power systems. Solving the UC problem for large power systems is computationally expensive. The complexity of the UC problems grows exponentially with the number of generating units especially by applying the deregulated rules in power system. Where in this environment the objective function is maximizing the profit while satisfying the regular unit commitment constrains in addition to new constrains such as bilateral and multilateral contracts. So in this paper, an exact mathematical optimization procedure called “dynamic programming. ” is presented to solve of the UC problem in the deregulated environment. The proposed algorithm is implemented in MATLAB environment. Keywords— dynamic programming, (DP), unit commitment, deregulation, generation companies (GENCOs), Independent System Operator (ISO), market clearing price(MCP), optimization methods, power generation dispatch.
Combination Estimation of Smoothing Spline and Fourier Series in Nonparametric Regression

So far, most of the researchers developed one type of estimator in nonparametric regression. But in reality, in daily life, data with mixed patterns were often encountered, especially data patterns which partly changed at certain subintervals, and some others followed a recurring pattern in a certain trend. The estimator method used for the data pattern was a mixed estimator method of smoothing spline and Fourier series. This regression model was approached by the component smoothing spline and Fourier series. From this process, the mixed estimator was completed using two estimation stages. The first stage was the estimation with penalized least squares (PLS), and the second stage was the estimation with least squares (LS). Those estimators were then implemented using simulated data. The simulated data were gained by generating two different functions, namely, polynomial and trigonometric functions with the size of the sample being 100. The whole process was then repeated 50 times. The experiment of the two functions was modeled using a mixture of the smoothing spline and Fourier series estimators with various smoothing and oscillation parameters. The generalized cross validation (GCV) minimum was selected as the best model. The simulation results showed that the mixed estimators gave a minimum (GCV) value of 11.98. From the minimum GCV results, it was obtained that the mean square error (MSE) was 0.71 and R2 was 99.48%. So, the results obtained indicated that the model was good for a mixture estimator of smoothing spline and Fourier series.
A REVIEW STUDY ON ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT BY GREEN CHEMISTRY

Purpose: The review article discusses the title topic describing mostly authors' work on green chemical, photochemical and electrochemical methods for the treatment of organic wastes present in different matrices. Emphasis is mainly placed on the importance of the matrix, associated compounds and the method's selection. Methodology: Different green methods of treatment for organic waste available are reviewed with an outline of scientific principles. Different case studies, from the authors, work, involving the treatment of organic waste present in different matrices are discussed. Available green chemical, photochemical, and electrochemical methods are reviewed, and results obtained are described and discussed. The rationale behind the choice of method was discussed in detail. Laboratory to plant adoption and the considerations therein are considered. Main findings: The selection of treatment method depends on the nature of the organic waste and the matrix in which it is present. This has been brought out in the study. Advanced oxidation and electrochemical oxidation processes are practically useful methods for waste treatment and discussed with case studies. The optimization of the advanced oxidation process is still an empirical approach. It needs a sound scientific base. Applications of the work: The case studies described in the paper enable the proper choice of treatment method among several available options. The study covers the essential green chemical techniques, viz., photochemical and electrochemical techniques. The novelty of the work: Many of the organic substrates subjected to treatment study were rarely reported in the open literature. Laboratory to plant scale development and the factors involved therein have been brought in many places.
Interpreting the impact of knowledge management processes on organizational performance in Chinese higher education: mediating role of knowledge worker productivity

ABSTRACT Based on Knowledge-Based View, the study examines the effects of knowledge-oriented leadership on knowledge management processes in research universities and test the direct association among knowledge management processes and organizational (university) performance. This study further examines the mediating role of knowledge worker productivity between knowledge management processes and organizational performance. This study used a sample frame of 536 academic and administrative employees from research universities of China, furthermore, the assumed logical associations were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Irrespective of enhanced stature of knowledge management in higher education institutions, there is a lack of studies that examine the inter-relationship of knowledge management, knowledge worker productivity and organizational performance. The current study is an initial pool of researches that empirically examines the interface of knowledge-oriented leadership, knowledge management processes, and higher education performance while enlightens the valuable insights into the prevailing literature by instantaneous investigation of the mediating role of knowledge worker productivity.
Comparación en demandas físicas entre juegos de posesión y partidos de fútbol

Resumen El principal objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la medida en que los juegos de posesión (POS) son eficientes para estimular las demandas físico-fisiológicas de la competición, y su relación con la posición del jugador durante los partidos oficiales. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo con 19 jugadores profesionales de fútbol en Argentina (24,7 ± 4,8 años, 74,5 ± 6,2 kg, 176,3 ± 5,3 cm). Se monitorizó la carga mediante GPS y frecuencia cardíaca (FC) de cada jugador en 16 partidos oficiales (8 observaciones para cada sistema táctico, 1-3-4-3 y 1-4-2-1-3) y durante tres formatos de POS: 6vs.6, 7vs.7 y 8vs.8 (8 observaciones para cada formato). Se analizó la FC media (FCmed) y máxima (FCmáx), y los índices de carga metabólica ICAV (distancia recorrida >14,9 km/h, por minuto) e ICIE (distancia recorrida >19,9 km/h, por minuto). Al comparar las medias muestrales, ambos índices metabólicos fueron significativamente más bajos en POS que durante la competición, pero con valores de ICAV que representan un 69-75% del nivel alcanzado en partidos. La FCmed valorada en POS se asemeja a la de partido (excepto 8vs.8), mientras que la FCmáx resultó significativamente más baja en POS. Al comparar el rendimiento entre posiciones de juego, no se observaron diferencias significativas en ICIE e ICAV para defensores centrales y medio campistas, y en todas las funciones en cuestión para FCmed. En conclusión, el juego de posesión podría ser utilizado para estimular las demandas físicofisiológicas a las que los jugadores son expuestos durante la competencia, influyendo profundamente en su carga interna-externa.
The effects of milled Tribulus terrestris, Avena sativa, and white ginseng powder on total cholesterol, free testosterone levels and testicular tissue in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

Bu calisma, ogutulmus Tribulus terrestris (TT), Avena sativa (AS), beyaz ginseng (WG) ve uclu kombinasyon (TC) tozlarinin, yuksek kolesterollu diyetle beslenen ratlarda serum total kolesterol, serbest testosteron duzeyleri ve testis dokusunda histopatolojik degisiklikler gibi seksuel fonksiyon bozuklugu parametrelerine etkilerini arastirmak amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmanin hayvan materyali 6 gruba ayrilan, 200-210 g agirliginda, 42 adet erkek Wistar albino rattan olustu. Grup I normal pelet yemle beslendi, buna karsin kalan gruplar %2 kolesterol iceren pelet yemle beslendi. Group III, IV, V, ve VI ayrica sirasiyla 0.6 g/kg/gun TT, 0.3 g/kg/gun AS, 0.2 g/kg/gun WG ve 0.55 g/kg/gun TC (%7.5 TT, %3.75 AS, %2.5 WG) aldi. Doksan gun sonra ratlara otenazi uygulandi ve kan ve testis doku ornekleri alindi. Serum total kolesterol ve serbest testosteron duzeyleri olculdu ve Johnsen testis biyopsi skoru (JTBS), testis doku orneklerinin histopatolojik muayenesi ile hesaplandi. Grup II’de yuksek kolesterollu diyet Grup I’e kiyasla onemli duzeyde total kolesterol duzeyinde artisa ve JTBS’de azalmaya neden oldu. Gruplarin serbest testosteron duzeyleri istatistiksel olarak onemli olmamasina ragmen, WG ve TC total kolesterol artisini onemli duzeyde onledi. TC tek basina TT, AS ve WG’ye kiyasla JTBS’yi onemli duzeyde artirdi. Dolayisiyla erkek cinsel fonksiyon bozuklugunu iyilestirmek icin TC’nin ozellikle etkili olabilecegi kanisina varildi
A spatial shared component random intercept model for assessing risk of diarrhea among men and women

Diarrhea becomes a severe problem for children under five years of age. A preventive action is needed to minimize the negative effect of diarrhea. Gender risk assessment may be necessary to control diarrhea transmission as different sexes have distinct healthy behaviour. We develop a collection of candidate models of Bayesian shared component random intercept models to identify a gender group’s spatial risk of diarrhea. The candidate models include Poisson-Inverse Gamma and Negative Binomial-Inverse Gamma models with different values hyperprior parameters. The results showed that the Negative-Inverse Gamma model performed better than the Poisson-Inverse Gamma with respect to the existence of overdispersion in the data. The spatial patterns of diarrhea for men and women were similar. In some sub-districts, however, it indicated that women at two different locations had a higher risk of diarrhea compared to men.
Reconnaissance moléculaire du virus Epstein-Barr par les "Toll-like receptors"

The Toll-like receptor family is one of the most important members of the pathogen's pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). TLR2 and TLR9 are known to bind different compounds of herpes virus members. Express at the cell surface, TLR2 can recognize envelop proteins of herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster. Within the cell, TLR9 is a resident of endosomal vesicles where it can detect foreign DNA such as herpes virus genome. Supported by these facts, we wanted to explore the responsibility of TLR2 and TLR9 during innate response facing Epstein-Barr virus infection. We have first established, in a HEK293 expressing model transfected with the TLR2 and a NF-KB reporter plasmid, that Epstein-Barr virus could promote NF-KB activation specifically through TLR2 engagement. Moreover, treatment with neutralizing antibody against viral protein gp350 or TLR2 impairs the ability of EBV to induce NF-KB pathway. Human primary monocytes can also be activated by EBV envelop components, a process affected by transfection of siRNA against TLR2 prior to stimulation. In a second time, we evaluated whether EBV DNA could interact with TLR9. Results obtained indicate that complete particles or purified EBV DNA triggers IL-8 secretion by monocytes. Also, DNA activation appears to be mainly dependent of endosomal maturation. Following treatment of cells with siRNA against TLR2 either with inhibitory ODN or both, the IL-8 production by monocytes was found to be affected indicating the possible cooperation between TLR2 and TLR9 for EBV detection. In plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express mainly TLR7 and TLR9, the stimulation with EBV particles or purified viral DNA could induce IFN-a production by those cells. However, we believed that TLR9 is not the only receptor involved in this response. Treatment of pDCs with specific antagonist of TLR7 diminished amount of IFN-a secreted, what sustained the hypothesis that this receptor may be implicated in such process. Taken together, results shown in this manuscript illustrated the critical role of TLRs in Epstein-Barr virus detection during innate response. Moreover, activation of multiple TLRs by different viral components may promote efficient pro-inflammatory and antiviral response against EBV infection.