Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro effect of laser irradiation on cementum-bound endotoxin isolated from periodontally diseased roots.

BACKGROUND In a previous study, we evaluated the in vivo effects of an Nd:YAG laser on periodontal disease by measuring crevicular interleukin (IL)-1beta levels before and after laser application. It was found that laser therapy was less effective than traditional scaling and root planing. These results might be due to incomplete removal of microbial residues and cementum-bound endotoxin on root surfaces by the laser. In this study, we explored the in vitro effectiveness of an Nd:YAG laser for the elimination of cementum-bound endotoxin by measuring IL-1beta changes in stimulated monocytes. METHODS Fresh human monocytes were harvested from adults without periodontitis and grown in RPMI 1640 medium. Diseased cementum particles were collected and prepared from teeth with untreated periodontitis and were irradiated with 5 levels of laser energy. Cementum particles were subjected to endotoxin testing by a limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay and then were incubated with cultured monocytes. Production of IL-1beta in stimulated monocytes was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantified by spectrophotometry. RESULTS The endotoxin unit (EU) of diseased cementum was 18.4 EU/mg, which seemed to be remarkably lower than that of common periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis (381) at 15,300 EU/mg/ml, Prevotella intermedia (ATCC 25611) at 227 EU/mg/ml, and Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586) at 1,987 EU/mg/ml. Monocytes subjected to stimulation by diseased cementum particles without laser irradiation produced 124 to 145 pg/ml IL-1beta, 9- to 18-fold higher than that of unstimulated monocytes (7.07 to 15.95 pg/ml). Diseased cementum particles after irradiation with various energy levels of the Nd:YAG laser could still stimulate monocytes to secrete 89 to 129 pg/ml IL-1beta. No statistically significant difference was found in the production of IL-1beta induced by diseased-bound cementum with or without laser irradiation. CONCLUSIONS The Nd:YAG laser varying from 50 mJ, 10 pps to 150 mJ, 20 pps, for 2 minutes, did not seem to be effective in destroying diseased cementum endotoxin.
BİREYLERİN BOŞ ZAMAN FAALİYETLERİNE KATILMALARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER İLE CİNSİYET ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR UYGULAMA

Bireylerin bos zaman faaliyetlerine katilmalarini etkileyen bircok faktor bulunmaktadir. Bu faktorlerin bos zaman tercihleri uzerine etki dereceleri de bireyden bireye farklilik gostermektedir. Bu calismada, literatur arastirmasi sonucu belirlenen 45 faktorun etki derecelerinin cinsiyete gore degisimi analiz edilerek, bir grup lisans ogrencilerinin bos zaman faaliyetlerine katilmalarini en cok ve en az etkileyen faktorler belirlenmistir.
Ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in extrahepatic tissues.

An ethanol-induced oxidative stress is not restricted to the liver, where ethanol is actively oxidized, but can affect various extrahepatic tissues as shown by experimental data obtained in the rat during acute or chronic ethanol intoxication. Most of these data concern the central nervous system, the heart and the testes. An acute ethanol load has been reported to enhance lipid peroxidation in the cerebellum. This is accompanied by an increase in the cytosolic concentration of low-molecular-weight iron derivatives which may contribute to the generation of aggressive free radicals. The ethanol-induced decrease in the main antioxidant systems (superoxide dismutase, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate and selenium) is a likely contributor to the cerebellar oxidative stress. Most of these disturbances can be prevented by allopurinol administration. Some experimental data support also the occurrence of pro- and anti-oxidant disturbances in the cerebellum and in other regions of the central nervous system after chronic ethanol administration. Chronic ethanol administration enhances lipid peroxidation in the heart. The increased conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase into xanthine oxidase as well as the activation of peroxisomal acyl CoA-oxidase linked to ethanol administration could contribute to the oxidative stress. Chronic ethanol administration elicits in the testes an enhancement in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the glutathione level, which appear to be correlated to the gross testicular atrophy observed. Vitamin A supplementation attenuates the changes in lipid peroxidation, glutathione and testicular morphology. Whether the reported disturbances are involved in the pathogenesis of the tissue disorders observed in alcoholic patients remains unanswered. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Otwarta nauka, czyli dobre praktyki uczonych

Autor przestawil idee open access i nowe modele publikowania naukowe, związane z tym korzyści i problemy. Krok po kroku prowadzi czytelnika przez praktyczne aspekty zarowno prawne, jak i technologiczne publikowania otwartego w Internecie.
Phosphatidic Acid-Mediated Mitogenic Activation of mTOR Signaling

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) governs cell growth and proliferation by mediating the mitogen- and nutrient-dependent signal transduction that regulates messenger RNA translation. We identified phosphatidic acid (PA) as a critical component of mTOR signaling. In our study, mitogenic stimulation of mammalian cells led to a phospholipase D–dependent accumulation of cellular PA, which was required for activation of mTOR downstream effectors. PA directly interacted with the domain in mTOR that is targeted by rapamycin, and this interaction was positively correlated with mTOR's ability to activate downstream effectors. The involvement of PA in mTOR signaling reveals an important function of this lipid in signal transduction and protein synthesis, as well as a direct link between mTOR and mitogens. Furthermore, these studies suggest a potential mechanism for the in vivo actions of the immunosuppressant rapamycin.
A segment of the 5' nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA directs internal entry of ribosomes during in vitro translation

Picornavirus RNAs are uncapped messengers and have unusually long 5' nontranslated regions (5'NTRs) which contain many noninitiating AUG triplets. The translational efficiency of different picornavirus RNAs varies between different cell-free extracts and even in the same extract, such as micrococcal nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysates. The effect of the poliovirus 5'NTR on in vitro translation was compared with that of the 5'NTR of encephalomyocarditis virus by the use of synthetic mRNAs, micrococcal nuclease-treated HeLa cell extracts, and rabbit reticulocyte lysates. Artificial mono- and dicistronic mRNAs synthesized with T7 RNA polymerase were used to investigate whether the 5'NTR of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA contains a potential internal ribosomal entry site. The sequence between nucleotides 260 and 484 in the 5'NTR of encephalomyocarditis RNA was found to play a critical role in the efficient translation in both mono- and dicistronic mRNAs. Our data suggest that an internal ribosomal entry site resides in this region.
Dynamic modeling and integral sliding mode controller design for Cuk converter under load variation

A integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) for a fixed-frequency PWM is proposed for the Cuk converter. The fourth-order model of the Cuk converter is derived first and it is simplified to use ISMC. Based on the simplified system model, the ISMC that consists of the equivalent control part plus the switching control part is designed and applied to the Cuk converter in the presence of uncertain variations and unknown disturbances. The closed-loop system is also proved to be exponentially stable. Simulation and experimental tests using the prototype of digitally controlled DC-DC converter were performed to validate the proposed control approach.
Amino Acid Substitutions That Affect Receptor Binding and Stability of the Hemagglutinin of Influenza A/H7N9 Virus

ABSTRACT Receptor-binding preference and stability of hemagglutinin have been implicated as crucial determinants of airborne transmission of influenza viruses. Here, amino acid substitutions previously identified to affect these traits were tested in the context of an A/H7N9 virus. Some combinations of substitutions, most notably G219S and K58I, resulted in relatively high affinity for α2,6-linked sialic acid receptor and acid and temperature stability. Thus, the hemagglutinin of the A/H7N9 virus may adopt traits associated with airborne transmission.
Cyclin A is required at two points in the human cell cycle.

Cyclins play a fundamental role in regulating cell cycle events in all eukaryotic cells. The human cyclin A gene was identified as the site of integration of hepatitis B virus in a hepatocarcinoma cell line; in addition, cyclin A is associated with the E2F transcription factor in a complex which is dissociated by the E1A oncogene product. Such findings suggest that cyclin A is a target for oncogenic signals. We have now found that DNA synthesis and entry into mitosis are inhibited in human cells microinjected with anti‐cyclin A antibodies at distinct times. Cyclin A binds both cdk2 and cdc2, giving two distinct cyclin A kinase activities, one appearing in S phase, the other in G2. These results suggest that cyclin A defines novel control points of the human cell cycle.
The asexual and sexual circadian rhythms of Plasmodium vinckei chabaudi, of P. berghei and of P. gallinaceum

Plasmodium vinckei chabaudi (which has a 24 h cycle with high synchronicity) has a peak of schizogony in the early morning at about 02.00–04.00. This cycle is orientated to the cycle of the host (mouse or thamnomys). The male gametocytes become ripe for exflagellation in a well-marked wave from 22.00 to 08.00 with peak about 00.00–04.00. This timing presumably corresponds to the hours when the vector mosquitoes are most likely to suck blood, and it is adapted to facilitate transmission. The male gametocytes remain ripe for exflagellation for a mean period of about 6 h and then apparently degenerate.
Externe Kosten des Straßen- und Schienenverkehrslärms am Beispiel der Strecke Frankfurt - Basel

Die vorliegende Arbeit, die die externen Kosten des Schienen- und Strasenverkehrslarms auf der Beispielstrecke Frankfurt-Basel fur das Jahr 1995 ermittelt, stellt zum einen Informationen zur Forderung der okonomischen Effizienz des jeweiligen Transportsystems bereit; zum anderen werden die Verkehrstrager Strase und Schiene in Hinblick auf ihre spezifische Larmproduktion verglichen.
An Overview of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL Protease Inhibitors: Peptidomimetics and Small Molecule Chemotherapy

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a newly emerged coronavirus that infected more than 8000 individuals and resulted in more than 800 (10–15%) fatalities in 2003. The causative agent of SARS has been identified as a novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and its viral protease, SARS-CoV 3CLpro, has been shown to be essential for replication and has hence been recognized as a potent drug target for SARS infection. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this epidemic despite the intensive research that has been undertaken since 2003 (over 3500 publications). This perspective focuses on the status of various efficacious anti-SARS-CoV 3CLpro chemotherapies discovered during the last 12 years (2003–2015) from all sources, including laboratory synthetic methods, natural products, and virtual screening. We describe here mainly peptidomimetic and small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CLpro. Attempts have been made to provide a complete description of the structural features and binding modes of these inhibitors under many conditions.
Distinct Substrate Specificity of Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Flowers of Petunia hybrida

Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase from Petunia flowers catalyzes the reduction of dihydroquercetin to leucocyanidin and, in particular, of dihydromyricetin to leucodelphinidin, whereas reduction of the simple dihydroflavonol dihydro- kaempferol to leucopelargonidin could not be observed. This special substrate specificity of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase is most probably the reason for the observations that delphinidin derivatives are the main end products of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Petunia flowers, whereas an- thocyanins based on pelargonidin are rarely found and, if present, are only formed in very small amounts.
ombined effects of estrogenic chemicals with the ame mode of action using an estrogen receptor inding bioassay

The increasing amounts of various estrogenic chemicals coexisting in the aquatic environment may pose environmental risks. While the concept of estradiol equivalent (EEQ) has been frequently applied in studying estrogenic mixtures, few experiments have been done to prove its reliability. In this study, the reliability of EEQ and the related model concentration addition (CA) was verified based on the two-hybrid recombinant yeast bioassay when all mixture components had the same mode of action and target of action. Our results showed that the measured estrogenic effects could be well predicted by CA and EEQ for all laboratory-made mixtures using two designs, despite the varying estrogenic activity, con-
Tubulocystic Carcinoma of the Kidney: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 31 Cases of a Distinctive Rare Subtype of Renal Cell Carcinoma

A distinctive tumor described under the terms Bellini duct carcinoma and low-grade collecting duct carcinoma has been referred to by us and others as tubulocystic carcinoma. This renal cell carcinoma subtype is not recognized in the World Health Organization 2004 classification. Herein, we present a detailed study of 31 cases to further characterize this rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma. The tumor occurred in adults (mean age, 54 years) with a strong male predominance (7:1). Grossly, the tumors ranged from 0.7 to 17 cm, and exhibited a spongy or “bubble wrap” appearance reflecting the microscopic presence of variably sized cystically dilated tubules lined by a single layer of epithelium. The lining varied with a cuboidal, flat, and hobnail cell appearance, and the neoplastic cells had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and enlarged nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The cysts were closely spaced with an intervening variably fibrotic stroma. Immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural examination showed features of proximal convoluted tubules (Pax 2 immunoreactivity and short microvilli with brush border organization) and distal nephron (kidney-specific cadherin immunoreactivity and cytoplasmic interdigitation). Gene expression profiling showed that tubulocystic carcinoma displayed a unique molecular signature. Twenty-four tumors were stage pT1, 4 stage pT2, and 3 stage pT3. Disease progression (median follow-up of 56 months) occurred in 3 patients; 1 with local recurrence, and 2 with distant metastasis to bone and liver. In light of the distinctive clinicopathologic features and a low but definite metastatic potential, this unique subtype of renal cell carcinoma deserves formal recognition in the contemporary classification of renal neoplasms.
Desflurane Inhibits Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Isolated Rabbit Lungs

Background Inhalational anesthetics inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in vivo and in vitro with a half-maximum inhibiting effect (ED50) within concentrations applied for general anesthesia. Because it is unknown whether desflurane acts likewise, we studied its effect on HPV in isolated blood-perfused rabbit lungs and compared its ED sub 50 with that of halothane.
Autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation as post-remission therapy in refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after highly intensive chemotherapy

Post-remission options were compared in a population of 262 relapsing and refractory acute myeloid leukemia patients achieving complete remission (CR) after the same re-induction according to etoposide - mitoxantrone - cytarabine (EMA) trials. The selection of post-remission therapy depended on trial recommendations, age, performance status, and availability of an HLA-identical sibling. One hundred and thirty patients received chemotherapy consolidation courses, 50 received autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT), and 43 underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), while 39 did not receive any additional therapy. The preliminary analysis identified 3 favorable prognostic factors correlated with event-free survival (EFS): M3 subtype, previous CR duration > 1 year, and transplantation. Three year EFS was 68 vs. 23% with autologous SCT and allogeneic BMT in M3 patients and, respectively, 41 vs. 20% in non-M3 patients. Three year probabilities of treatment-related mortality were 11 and 47%, respectively. A statistical model was conceived with adjustment on prognostic factors and post-remission option. In the multivariate analysis, autologous SCT appeared significantly better than allogeneic BMT (P < 0.01) or chemotherapy (P = 0.001), while allogeneic BMT was not statistically different than chemotherapy. This indicates a high treatment-related toxicity with allogeneic BMT in patients re-induced by highly intensive chemotherapy, and therefore a tendency for a better outcome with autologous SCT as post-remission treatment in those patients.
Intervención de las instituciones públicas vascas en la mejora de la gestión en las pequeñas empresas: un instrumento de fomento del empleo

This work is basically split into two main parts. The former of the two is dedicated to analysing and justifying the convenience of public intervention in improving the management of small businesses. This intervention has a number of widely varying justifications. In the first place, small businesses are sadly lacking in management skills, a factor which considerably diminishes their competitiveness; hence, improved management may also improve their competitiveness. In the second place, and this is a particularly important reason, small businesses are potential mines of employment and wealth, so that improving their competitiveness is unquestionably a positive step towards increasing employment and generating wealth. In the third place, public intervention is always a recommendable action for solving market defects such as the one to be found in the intervention analysed in this work. In the second part of the article, we analyse the different public programmes set in motion by different Basque institutions, all of which are aimed at improving the management of small and medium-sized businesses.
Prioritized-virtual-time CSMA: head-of-the-line priority classes without added overhead

The prioritized-virtual-time carrier sense multiple access (PVT-CSMA) protocol is a media access algorithm for cable- and radio-based local area networks that incorporates message-based priority classes. PVT-CSMA implements the head-of-the-line (HOL) priority queuing discipline, in which higher priority messages are always transmitted in preference to lower priority messages, and messages are transmitted first-come-first-served within each priority class. Expressions are obtained for both throughput as a function of offered load and mean delay as a function of throughput for asynchronous (unslotted) PVT-CSMA, which are easily solvable for any number of priority classes and for class-dependent message lengths, arrival rates, retransmission rates, etc. Specialization of the delay analysis to the single class case yields a substantial improvement over previous results for asynchronous virtual-time CSMA. Comparisons are made between this analysis and simulations of PVT-CSMA, and with simulations of Tobagi's P-CSMA (1982) protocol. >
A Decision-making Help Tool in Innovative Product Design

The aim of this article is to show how ergonomics allows the detailed specifications for a decision-making help tool in innovative product design to be produced. The first part describes the context, both industrial and scientific, of such a study. In part two, we will explore current knowledge and the theoretical models relating to design activity and the taking of design decisions. Part three describes the empirical study undertaken for the design of the 3D Child virtual reality tool. Having explained our methodology for the gathering and analysis of data, we set out the needs of future users in respect of the help with decisionmaking expected from the 3D Child software and finish with the collaborative aspect intrinsic in decision-making. In the next part we deal with the data available from published sources and that collected in the field. In conclusion we insist on the importance of validating these data in actual usage contexts, by setting out our approach to the work.
Wettbewerb als Einführungsstrategie von Telekooperation für Entscheidungsträger - Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt Cuparla

Unspecified Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: http://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-60519 Accepted Version Originally published at: Schwabe, Gerhard; Krcmar, Helmut (1998). Wettbewerb als Einfuehrungsstrategie von Telekooperation fuer Entscheidungstraeger Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt Cuparla. Wirtschaftsinformatik, 40:200-204. Wettbewerb als Einführungsstrategie von Telekooperation für Entscheidungsträger Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt Cuparla Gerhard Schwabe, Helmut Krcmar Abstract Der Artikel faßt die Erfahrungen bei der Einführung von Telekooperationstechnologie für Entscheidungsträger im Projekt Cuparla (Computerunterstützte Parlamentsarbeit) in Thesen zur Rolle des Wettbewerbs zusammen. Wettbewerb kann auf der Ebene des einzelnen Stadtrats, der Fraktion, der gesamten Kommune und zwischen Kommunen für eine erfolgreiche Einführung von Technologie genutzt werden. Diesen Schlußfolgerungen wird eine Einführung in das Projekt Cuparla vorangestellt. Schlüsselworte: CSCW, Telekooperation, Ratsinformationssysteme, Einführungsstrategien This article synthesizes experiences from the project Cuparla (Computer Supported Council Work) in introducing telecooperation technology to decision makers. Theses about the role of competition are presented. There is competition on the level of an individual person, of the parliamentary group, of the city and between cities that can be used to further the introduction of a telecooperation system. An introduction to the project Cuparla gives the necessary background information.
Case fatality rates for meningococcal disease in an English population, 1963-98: database study

Meningococcal septicaemia and meningitis are common causes of death in children and young adults. In fatal cases, the time from onset to death is often short. We analysed casefatality rates for meningococcal disease between 1963 and 1998 to determine whether they have decreased. We used data on meningococcal disease from the Oxford record linkage study database, which includes anonymised statistical abstracts of records of admission to hospital and death certificates in a defined population of 0.35 million people from 1963, 0.9 million from 1966, 1.9 million from 1974, and 2.5 million from 1987 to 1998. We calculated incidence of meningococcal disease and case fatality rates and assessed the significance of trends over time with logistic regression. From 1963 to 1998, 1223 people had a record of admission to hospital for meningococcal meningitis or meningococcal septicaemia and 25 for other diagnoses—mainly meningitis …