Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BILE ACIDS AND SAPONINS IN INCRETIN MODULATION: MANY SIMILARITIES, FEW DIFFERENCES

Bile acids (BA) are a large complex family of amphipathic molecules with a steroid backbone. They exhibit considerable structural diversity within different cells, body compartments and pathophysiological states, and there is considerable interspecies variability. In addition to their role in the solubilization of dietary lipids and the fat-soluble vitamins A, K, D and E, bile acids are signaling molecules that regulate many cell types by activating specific receptors in the nucleus and at the plasma membrane. Bile acids are natural ligands for the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Bile acids may play an additional role in modulating incretin release through binding to a recently identified G-proteinâ€“coupled cell surface receptor known as Takeda G-Protein Receptor 5 (TGR5). TGR5 activation in enteroendocrine cells stimulate the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) which maintains blood glucose homeostasis by promoting glucose-induced insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, delaying gastric emptying, promoting satiety, and increasing glucose disposal in the peripheral tissues. In brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, TGR5 mediates energy expenditure through a BAâ€“TGR5â€“cAMPâ€“D2 (type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase) signaling pathway. However, endogenous bile acids generally have a lower affinity and selectivity for TGR5, and they have specific biological properties with regard to localization and cycling. Several research evidence has identified saponins as the antidabetic principle in plants and its incretin modulating effect have shown several similarities to that of BA by stimulating TGR5/GLP1 pathway, enhancement of insulin secretion, promoting glycolysis, decreasing gluconeogenesis as well as inhibition of I±-glucosidase. Therefore, this work is said to review the similarities and differences between bile acid and saponin in incretin modulationsÂ Key words:Â Saponin, Bile acids, TGR5, Incretin, signaling.
Human hippocampal theta oscillations reflect sequential dependencies during spatial planning

Movement-related theta oscillations in rodent hippocampus coordinate ‘forward sweeps’ of location-specific neural activity that could be used to evaluate spatial trajectories online. This raises the possibility that increases in human hippocampal theta power accompany the evaluation of upcoming spatial choices. To test this hypothesis, we measured neural oscillations during a spatial planning task that closely resembles a perceptual decision-making paradigm. In this task, participants searched visually for the shortest path between a start and goal location in novel mazes that contained multiple choice points, and were subsequently asked to make a spatial decision at one of those choice points. We observed ~4-8 Hz hippocampal/medial temporal lobe theta power increases specific to sequential planning that were negatively correlated with subsequent decision speed, where decision speed was inversely correlated with choice accuracy. These results implicate the hippocampal theta rhythm in decision tree search during planning in novel environments.
Multiple Drug Analysis of Chrysomya albiceps Larvae Provides Important Forensic Insights to Unravel Drug-Associated Mortalities

ABSTRACT: The primary aim of forensic entomotoxicology is to unravel drug-associated mortalities. This study was designed to analyze and determine impacts of multiple drugs (amitriptyline, citalopram, diazepam and morphine) on the development of Chrysomya albiceps larvae. For this purpose, a domesticated pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) was injected with a toxic dose (54.4 mg) of morphine before euthanizing with diazepam (510 mg), citalopram (476 mg) and amitriptyline (5100 mg) by gavage method. A total of five hundred maggots were collected and residual drugs in collected larvae were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Analysis of maggots showed that the Chrysomya albiceps is the major species. All three drugs were quantified (amitriptyline: 91.45 µg/kg, citalopram: 52.03 µg/kg, and morphine: 5.37 µg/kg) in developing larvae. Moreover, our results showed that at an average temperature of 35°C, Chrysomya albiceps reached the third larval stage in 72 hours. These findings clearly articulate that toxic substances alter the biological life cycles of the arthropods, consequently making forensic entomotoxicology essential for certain quantitative analyses and potential effects on the post-mortem interval. This paper represents the first entomotoxicology study in Turkey using multiple drugs.
Design of Networked and Digital Teaching Platform based on Big Data

In the traditional network-learning, we have produced the massive data, but they do not play a corresponding role in the actual teaching, therefore, large data technology is used for improving the existing teaching platform, so that it can dig the hidden knowledge in teaching, this issue has become a hot topic that many educators continue to explore. We deeply study the big data technology, take MapReduce as the data analysis model, introduce clustering technology and association rule as the main models of data analysis, which are used for building the teaching platform based on big data. In the process of designing the large data teaching platform, we have built the digital teaching platform and the networked teaching platform respectively, the emphasis of the two platforms is different, among them, the networked teaching platform is used to analyze the students’ academic performance, that is, we take a certain student as the research object, analyze the students’ different academic achievements, adopt association rules technology, analyze the relationship of different disciplines, to develop a set of knowledge points to improve the performance of students’ weak disciplines, and generate a networked large data teaching platform; digital teaching platform can be used for the recommendation of students’ suitable curriculum combination, clustering technology will be introduced, analyze the effective combination of disciplines, which can help students improve academic performance, at the same time, students are willing to spend more time on learning, and take the subject combination module as a main function to generate digital large data teaching platform. By the design of digital and network large data teaching platform, they help educators make personalized learning plans for students, therefor, it help more students to achieve their learning goals.
Analysis of the Dynamic Forces of 3D Printer with 4 Degrees of Freedom

The use of parallel mechanisms in the structure of 3D printers are developing. Parallel mechanisms have excellent capabilities in terms of accuracy, stiffness and high load-bearing capacity. This article studies a 3D printer with four degrees of freedom that has three degrees of linear freedom and one degree of rotational freedom. The advantages of this printer are greater than conventional Cartesian printers, including higher print speed and stiffness, and there are also higher degrees of freedom for manoeuvrability. In this paper, the Newton-Euler analytical method is used to analyse the inverse dynamics and identify the driving forces required by the 3D nozzle motion. By coding the inverse dynamic equations in the MATLAB software environment, the driving forces diagrams are extracted based on the printer's nozzle motion. To validate the inverse dynamics relationships, simulations with the Simmechanic model of MATLAB software have been performed. Through changing the speed of movement of the printer nozzle and also change of the velocity and acceleration of drives, the forces required for the drive also change. The effect of changes in print speed of a specific geometry on the driving forces is also studied. As well as, choosing the optimum print speed with regard to the motor driver power and the dynamics of the forces applied to the drivers and the less print time are the most important factors that are discussed in this article.
Novel Method for Detection of Electrocardiogram R Waves Using Amplitude Modulation

Electrocardiography is a medical test in the diagnosis of various cardiac abnormalities. Signal processing techniques are used to analyze Electrocardiograms digitally. This paper proposes a method to detect the R waves in the Electrocardiogram rhythms with no threshold being set in priori (neither static nor time-varying). The proposed method modulates the Electrocardiogram by implementing linear amplitude amplification, then detects the peaks in the Electrocardiogram according to the mathematical definition of a peak with an additional criterion that the peak must be greater than all preceding peaks. The Electrocardiogram amplitude corresponding to the maximum derivative magnitude of the descending amplitude sequence of the peaks is set to be the threshold which differentiates between unwanted peak detections made in the primary stage and the desired peaks.
The Dilemma of Parameterizing Propagation Time in Blockchain P2P Network

Propagation time on permissionless blockchain plays a significant role in terms of stability and performance in the decentralized systems. A large number of activities are disseminated to the whole nodes in the decentralized peer-to-peer network, thus causing propagation delay. The stability of the system is our concern in the first place. The propagation delay opens up opportunities for attackers to apply their protocol. Either by accelerating or decelerating the propagation time directly without proper calculation, it brings numerous negative impacts to the entire blockchain system. In this paper, we thoroughly review and elaborate on several parameters related to the propagation time in such a system. We describe our findings in terms of data communication, transaction propagation, and the possibility of an interference attack that caused an extra propagation time. Furthermore, we present the influence of block size, consensus, and blockchain scalability, including the relation of parameters. In the last session, we remark several points associated with the propagation time and use cases to avoid dilemmas in the light of the experiments and literary works.
Blind source separation methods based on output nonlinear correlation for bilinear mixtures of an arbitrary number of possibly correlated signals

Traditional Blind Source Separation (BSS) methods require quite restrictive properties from the source signals (typically, statistically independent or at least uncorrelated sources) and mixing transform (typically, linear instantaneous mixtures). In this paper, we address a much more complex case, where the considered deterministic source signals may be correlated (we only request the source vectors and some associated vectors to be linearly independent) and where the mixing transform is nonlinear (more precisely, bilinear, which is e.g. of high interest for Earth observation applications). We propose a separation principle leading to a new set of BSS algorithms applicable to an arbitrary number of sources and based on nonlinear correlation parameters. Moreover, we analyze the separability properties of this approach and thus show that it is guaranteed to separate the sources up to the trivial scale and permutation indeterminacies.
Examining Issues Facing Communities of Color Today: The Role of Evaluation to Incite Change

The intersection of ethnicity, class, gender, and race and attention to advocacy, inclusion and equity have never been more enmeshed with program evaluation than is the case today. Sponsors of evaluation and evaluators seek guidance on how and when to embrace these issues in the populations impacted by programs under review. Those newly sensitized to the importance of context and culture expect evaluation to rightly manage inquiry to produce results reflective of multicultural validity and equitable impacts. With social justice and equity added to the evaluation equation, the issues communities face challenge and often overwhelm (a) the evaluation design, (b) goals and implementation, and (c) other evaluation processes. Evaluations that do not seek to put these issues in perspective with the broader structures and value systems that create the issues fail to adequately inform audiences regarding what is happening in the programs and community context. All parties involved are finding a shortage of literature that inform important evaluative decisions that address the multilevel, salient issues in communities served. Of special note is the small but slowly growing number of evaluation scholars and authors who are persons of color, from a younger generation, and born of a more activist evaluation style. This issue provides an update to and contemporizes previous evaluation literature focused on issues impacting minority populations in evaluation (1992) and culturally responsive evaluation (2004). The issue describes historical roots of this work, provides a contemporary framing of the issues, offers several frameworks and approaches for social justice evaluation, and concludes with inquiry for the future. Discussion of key insights into present‐day issues in advocacy‐oriented evaluation are included throughout.
Livelihood Sustainability and Land Degradation in Central Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan

Land Degradation (LD) is a universal problem influencing all areas of human prosperity all over the world. The aim of this research is to study the farming household livelihoods sustainability and land degradation, in Mardan district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. By using Slovin’s “formula”, 90 farmers were “randomly” selected through a total of 857 registered farmers. Primary data were collected through structure questionnaire face to face interview from the farming households (HH) and was analysed by using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. It was found that as a result of the LD farmers land size (44.44%) was decreased but not significant as of the chi-value. Also decline in crop yield (42.22%) was reported. The tillage degradation of the land increased the eroadibility of soil (24.44%) and decreased its yield (36.67%) with a significant association of the perceptions of the farmers. The overgrazing has also affect on the LD by decreasing the plant density (16.67%), increased the soil compaction and trampling by cattle. The soil structure LD having also consequences for the farmer’s livelihoods like decreased the food production and increased the chances of droughts. Salinization degradation decreased the productivity of land, income and increased the water scarcity, affect the plant vegetative growth and also results low rain fall which alternatively affect the sustainability of the farmer’s livelihoods. It was concluded that LD is an enormous threat to the future sustainability and food security of the farmers. The study recommends for a long- term financial commitment and improved coordination of investments, coupled by allowing the family unit to make the right choices about their livelihoods and family planning to reduce the pressure on limited resources by fostering diversifications of income sources for the households for their future livelihoods sustainability and food security.
In a Cosmopolitan City Facilitative Factors of Bilingualism and Multilingualism in Foreign Language Learning Process

The purpose of the study is to find out the advantages of the bilingualism and multilingualism on foreign language learning in a cosmopolitan city. As a cosmopolitan city Mardin, has a multicultural characteristic, in Mardin Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic, Syriac and Armenian people live all together, as a result of this different languages are spoken and most of the population is bilingual or multilingual. For this study 250 students aged from 16 to 20 that study in language classes at different high schools of Mardin were asked a questionnaire in order to investigate which languages they daily speak in their social life or at home, which languages they know, which languages they can understand when they hear, how many languages they know, whether the languages they know facilitate their foreign language learning or not. The results of this study demonstrated that bilingual and multilingual students that live in Mardin tend to learn foreign language more efficiently, especially the languages they already know facilitate the process of language learning. Additionally, the results show that knowing more than one language help them have a better social relationship in their daily life.
AB0933 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DECREASES PAIN AND INFLAMMATION IN GOUT PATIENTS

Background: Despite the high prevalence of gout, there has been little investigation into the relationship between physical activity and gout. Objectives: To investigate whether physically active gout patients, as assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form, have lower pain scores, decreased inflammation, assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and less flares. Methods: During scheduled appointments, gout patients not experiencing a flare at the time of visit were recruited from our clinics and consented to participate in the study. IPAQ were completed. Clinical data collected during the visit included age, years since diagnosis, flares per year, perceived pain at the time of visit and in the past 4 weeks, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Results: Thirty gout patients were recruited. Ages 31-86 (mean 61); duration of gout: one- 43 years (mean 9). IPAQ, separated gout patients into physically active (n=16) and physically inactive cohorts (n=14) (p Conclusion: This is the first study using a validated physical activity tool, IPAQ, to assess physical activity in gout patients. In this study, physically active gout patients were found to have lower CRP levels, less flares per year, and decreased pain perception compared to those that are not physically active, highlighting, the importance of incorporating physical activity as a possible adjunct treatment option during intervals between flares. References: [1]Benatti FB, Pedersen BK. Exercise as an anti-inflammatory therapy for rheumatic diseases-myokine regulation. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015;11:86-97. [2]Hagstromer M, Oja P, Sjostrom M. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr 2006;9:755-62. [3]Young NA, Jablonski K, Sharma J, Thomas E, Snoad B, Hampton J, et al. Low and Moderate Intensity Exercise Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in an Acute Mouse Model of Gout and Suggests Therapeutic Efficacy [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69 (suppl 10). Disclosure of Interests: Naomi Schlesinger Grant/research support from: Pfizer, AMGEN, Consultant of: Novartis, Horizon Pharma, Selecta Biosciences, Olatec, IFM Therapeutics, Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau: Takeda, Horizon, Kyle jablonski: None declared, Emmy schwarz: None declared, Nicholas Young: None declared
Hybrid Quantum Particle Swarm Algorithm Based on Lévy Flights

In order to diversify the particle swarm during the searching process of quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) and avoid the algorithm being trapped into premature easily, a hybrid quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Lévy flights is proposed in this paper. The new algorithm effectively takes advantage of quantum computing and Lévy flights. We use the probability amplitude encoding method of the quantum bit to initialize the particle position and combine the potential well particle updating formula with the quantum rotation gate to update the particle swarm, which effectively ameliorates the search process and increases the population diversity. Then the Lévy flights strategy is employed to improve the population variation process and enhance the quality of the solution while preventing the algorithm from falling into the precocious convergence. Compared with other algorithms on benchmark functions, it is shown that the algorithm is effective and feasible.
Kidney Transplant Recipient with Conversion Disorder Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy

We describe the case of a patient with refractory post-operative conversion disorder successfully treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with good clinical outcome. A 66-year-old Caucasian male presented to the emergency department (ED) with altered mental status and was nonverbal three days after undergoing an uncomplicated incisional hernia repair. He had a past medical history of major depression with psychotic features and generalized anxiety disorder as well as a kidney transplant. He had multiple previous psychiatric hospitalizations in the 1980s for severe depression with suicidality treated successfully with ECT. The patient was admitted, and a diagnosis of conversion disorder was made. His condition deteriorated over 21 days of inpatient management and he failed to respond to methylphenidate, aripiprazole, haloperidol, and lorazepam. Bilateral ECT treatment was initiated and the patient demonstrated a dramatic functional improvement after the first treatment. He was discharged home after receiving 6 total treatments and continued outpatient treatments with good clinical outcome. ECT may be considered in patients with refractory conversion disorder with a previous history of successful treatment.
Distributed-memory multi-GPU block-sparse tensor contraction for electronic structure

Many domains of scientific simulation (chemistry, condensed matter physics, data science) increasingly eschew dense tensors for block-sparse tensors, sometimes with additional structure (recursive hierarchy, rank sparsity, etc.). Distributed-memory parallel computation with block-sparse tensorial data is paramount to minimize the time-to-solution (e.g., to study dynamical problems or for real-time analysis) and to accommodate problems of realistic size that are too large to fit into the host/device memory of a single node equipped with accelerators. Unfortunately, computation with such irregular data structures is a poor match to the dominant imperative, bulk-synchronous parallel programming model. In this paper, we focus on the critical element of block-sparse tensor algebra, namely binary tensor contraction, and report on an efficient and scalable implementation using the task-focused PaRSEC runtime. High performance of the block-sparse tensor contraction on the Summit supercomputer is demonstrated for synthetic data as well as for real data involved in electronic structure simulations of unprecedented size.
Comparative study of growth performance and meat quality of three-line crossbred commercial group from Shanzhongxian and W-line chicken

Abstract Growth performance and meat quality of commercial groups from two different three-line crossbreds, SWS and WSS, was compared. All birds were raised under the same condition and body weight was measured at two weeks interval. On d 70, 24 male chickens were randomly selected, and on d 180 and 240, 24 female chickens were randomly selected for euthanised. Carcass performance, meat quality and sensory was determined. At 6–12 weeks of age, body weight of chickens from WSS was higher than that of SWS (p < .05). Percentage of breast and leg muscle was higher in WSS as compared with birds from SWS in 70 d males (p < .05). At 240 d of age, chickens from WSS exhibited higher semi-eviscerate, breast muscle and liver percentage, lower abdominal fat content (p < .05). Male birds at 70 d, shear force, intramuscular fat content (IMF) and L* was higher in SWS (p < .05). A higher IMF of breast meat was detected in 180 d SWS female birds (p < .05). The appearance acceptability and flavour of WSS male chickens was more preferred by panellists (p < .05). The texture of breast meat from 180 d SWS chicken was more preferred (p < .05). Soup cooked from 240-d-old chickens was more preferred in SWS crossbred (p < .05). The WSS had better growth performance and meat quality in male chickens, while the SWS had more abdominal fat in female chickens which led it more flavour of its soup.