Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION BY DIRECT ALGORITHM

Diﬀerential Evolution (DE) is one of the eﬃcient Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) for the continuous optimization domain. Similar to other EAs, DE algorithm works on a population of candidate solutions. Population initialization in DE is an important operation because it can aﬀect the convergence speed and also the quality of the obtained solution. If we can provide good initial population to DE, improvement of search eﬃciency can be expected. However, in black-box optimization, there exists no prior information about the search landscape of a given problem. Therefore, in this research we use DIRECT (DIviding RECTangles) algorithm to provide a good initial population to DE. DIRECT is a deterministic global optimization algorithm for bound-constrained problems. The algorithm, based on a space-partitioning scheme, performs both global exploration and local exploitation by one tuning parameter. In the proposed method, named DE-DIRECT, ﬁrst the search by DIRECT is performed until a certain number of iterations. Next, the solutions obtained by DIRECT are used as the initial individuals of DE. The remaining search is performed by DE using DIRECT’s solutions until the total budget is exhausted. In order to extract eﬀective individuals for DE from the solution set of DIRECT, we introduce a selection method considering diversity as well as accuracy of solutions. The eﬀectiveness of the proposed DE-DIRECT is examined and discussed by experiments on various benchmark functions.
Linking Ontology, Epistemology and Research Methodology

The purpose of this paper is to offer insights that can help researchers to link ontology, epistemology and research methodology. This paper outlines the links among ontology, epistemology and research methodology by exploring ontological, epistemological and methodological perspectives in the research. It discusses how ontological and epistemological issues influence research methodology by providing a clear understanding for different research methodologies based on ontology and epistemology. Furthermore, attention is given to research aspects such as the elements of research process, research philosophy, research approach, research strategy, the choice of method, and research design.
Literature-curated protein interaction

High-quality datasets are needed to understand how global and local properties of protein-protein interaction, or ‘interactome’, networks relate to biological mechanisms, and to guide research on individual proteins. In an evaluation of existing curation of protein interaction experiments reported in the literature, we found that curation can be error-prone and possibly of lower quality than commonly assumed.
Extreme learning machine adapted to noise based on optimization algorithms

The extreme learning machine for neural networks of feedforward of a single hidden layer randomly assigns the weights of entry and analytically determines the weights the output by means the Moore-Penrose inverse, this algorithm tends to provide an extremely fast learning speed preserving the adjustment levels achieved by classifiers such as multilayer perception and support vector machine. However, the Moore-Penrose inverse loses precision when using data with additive noise in training. That is why in this paper a method to robustness of extreme learning machine to additive noise proposed. The method consists in computing the weights of the output layer using non-linear optimization algorithms without restrictions. Tests are performed with the gradient descent optimization algorithm and with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. From the implementation it is observed that through the use of these algorithms, smaller errors are achieved than those obtained with the Moore-Penrose inverse.
Design and Fabrication of an Axial Mode Helical Antenna

Given generalized requirements for a medium gain circularly polarized (CP) antenna we design and fabricate an axial mode helical antenna. This well known antenna has a relatively wide (1.7:1) bandwidth with gain proportional to the overall length. The antenna and ground plane diameters are determined by the chosen center frequency of operation. We evaluate the antenna design using FEKO electromagnetic simulation software for a center frequency of 700 MHz. We then fabricate one prototype with center metal rod support and foam core as in the conventional construction. We also desire a hollow core variant and use fiberglass to support the helical antenna. We present the measured results for these two types of construction compared to model results. Although the helical antenna embedded in fiberglass is a very rugged design it also involves sufficient dielectric loading to shift the antenna bandwidth to lower frequencies.
Hybridization and Behavior in Two Species of Percina (Percidae)

Percina notogramma occurs sympatrically with Percina peltata in tributaries of Chesapeake Bay from the Patuxent River, Maryland, to the James River, Virginia. Introgression from P. peltata to P. notogramma is observed in color pattern and in meristic characters in the York drainage, but not in other drainages. This introgression may indicate close relationship between the two species. Mounting during spawning of P. peltata by P. notogramma has been observed in an aquarium; and although actual interspecific spawning was not observed, ripe P. peltata were found with spawning populations of P. notogramma in man-modified habitats in the York drainages. Generally P. peltata spawns in deeper water and faster currents than does P. notogramma. The agonistic behavior of P. peltata was less ritualistic and in aquaria P. peltata exhibited a much stronger tendency than P. notogramma to form aggregations and remain close to the bottom. These observations indicate that P. notogramma has a more advanced behavior pattern than P. peltata.
Benguela science and fisheries in the 1990s:quo vadis?

Against a background of change and uncertainty, it is suggested in the manuscript that the survival of marine science and fisheries in the Benguela system can be ensured through timely strategic planning by responsible leaders in the public, private and research sectors. Critical factors will be the relevance of the science and the quality of the services provided, the flexibility of the scientists and the fishing industry, and the successful marketing of science to and by government and industry as the basis for decision-making. It is the authors' view that marine science and fisheries in the Benguela system are mutually interdependent and that the government and industry must accept joint responsibility for ensuring the continued sustained utilization of Benguela resources.
Comparative analysis of the effect of herbs on diverse microbiological properties of yoghurt at different storage periods

Yoghurt is rich in nutrients like potassium, calcium, protein and vitamin B and has beneficial effects on human health by supplying prebiotic and probiotic bacteria. It helps to strengthen the immune system, improves lactose digestion and gastrointestinal conditions including lactose intolerance, constipation, diarrhoea, colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and allergies. Six batches of different herbal probiotic yoghurt were prepared using fresh milk by inoculated with 4 per cent of yoghurt cultures containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus. In the viability study of probiotics organisms, it was revealed that there was significant (P˂0.05) reduction in the viability of Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (log10cfu/ml) were noticed in all the herbal yoghurt including plain yoghurt during storage period of 21days and wherein the reduction was high in AGY, CIY and HSY compared with PY and ABY and this may be attributed to slight acidic nature of herb. However the count of probiotic strains was maintained at 7 log units for all herb treated yoghurts throughout storage period of 21 days.
Morphologic Variation in the Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum

Variation was evaluated in 67 specimens of the spotted bat Euderma maculatum from throughout its range. There was significant secondary sexual dimorphism in size for one of 16 characters (females were larger than males in length of forearm). Because of small samples, specimens were grouped into four regional populations. There was significant interpopulation heterogeneity in 10 of 16 characters; the southern population (from Texas to Queretaro, Mexico) was significantly larger than the others in length of ear, and the western population (from California to Utah) was significantly smaller than the others in length of forearm. Populations were widely separated in multivariate analyses.
OntoMathEdu: Towards an Educational Mathematical Ontology

We present OntoMath Edu , a new educational mathematical ontology. This ontology is intended to be a Linked Open Data hub for mathematical education, a linguistic resource for intelligent mathematical language processing and an end-user reference educational database. OntoMath Edu is organized in three layers: a foundational ontology layer, a domain ontology layer and a linguistic layer. The domain ontology layer, in turn, consists of the following modules: a kind hierarchy, a hierarchy of reiﬁed relationships, a roles hierarchy, and a network of points of view. Currently, OntoMath Edu covers Euclidean plane geometry only, but we plan to extend it to the whole secondary school mathematics curriculum. We consider our work as a part of long-established trend of using Linked Open Data and ontologies in educational environments.
Using the Novel Gaussian Weight Considering Directionality For

-In digital image processing, the necessity for a sharp and clean image has been gradually increased. Accordingly, the demand of the technology to effectively remove the noise from the noisy image has also been increased. It is important to remove the degradation factors of the image and improve the quality close to the original image. In this paper, we propose the method using direction which uses a novel Gaussian weight value, and we adjust the intensity Gaussian weight to remove the noise in flat region. In conclusion, the experimental results show that the proposed method can preserve the edge components of the image and remove the noise.
Ubiquitous multi-gateway LoRa networks: models and performance evaluation

LoRaWAN is a low-power and wide-range communication technology that is well suited for the demands of Internet-of-Things. It uses ALOHA with a duty cycle limitation as a channel access method to avoid complexity and communication overheads at the end devices as well as to ensure a fair access to the channel. However, given the large number of devices that are expected to integrate this network, scalability or the network capacity will be one of the fundamental issues that will need to be investigated before any large network deployment. This paper analyses the throughput of multi-channel multi-gateway LoRaWAN with duty cycle limitation. Throughput formulae for diverse scenarios including regularly tiled multi-gateway networks are derived and validated through simulations. Also considered is the throughput for applications that require a packet to be received by multiple gateways-for example, radio localization requires reception by three gateways-simultaneously to be successful.
A critique for macroecology

The numbers of published macroecological studies are increasing dramatically. Yet, progress within the field of macroecology, and a wider acceptance of its goals and rationale, do not seem to be developing at an equivalent rate. In this paper we examine the criticisms which have been, and can be, made. Attention is drawn to those which withstand scrutiny and are therefore of concern, and some solutions are proffered. We attempt to dispel those criticisms which are misplaced or ill-considered. We conclude that macroecology is likely to progress most effectively in the immediate future, and to make the greatest contribution to the broader study of ecology, if research follows three paths. It needs first to establish a more balanced and better documented body of published patterns, second to establish not simply the presence of patterns but also how in an 'anatomical' sense they come about, and third to expand the program of tests of multiple hypotheses that have been generated to explain observed patterns.
Natural and herbal compounds targeting breast cancer, a review based on cancer stem cells

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known as the major reason for therapy resistance. Recently, natural herbal compounds are suggested to have a significant role in inhibiting the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). The aim of this study was to explore the effective natural herbal compounds against BCSCs.This review article was designed based on the BCSCs, mechanisms of therapy resistance and natural herbal compounds effective to inhibit their activity. Therefore, Science direct, PubMed and Scopus databases were explored and related original articles were investigated from 2010 to 2019. BCSCs use different mechanisms including special membrane transporters, anti-apoptotic, pro-survival, and self-renewal- related signaling pathways. Natural herbal compounds could disturb these mechanisms, therefore may inhibit or eradicate the BCSCs. Studies show that a broad range of plants, either as a food or medicine, contain anti-cancer agents that phenolic components and their different derivatives share a large quantity. Natural herbal compounds play a pivotal role in the eradication of BCSCs, through the inhibition of biological activities and induction of apoptosis. Although it is necessary to conduct more clinical investigation.
Structure of Nanocrystalline, Partially Disordered MoS2+δ Derived from HRTEM—An Abundant Material for Efficient HER Catalysis

Molybdenum sulfides (MoSx, x > 2) are promising catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that show high hydrogen evolution rates and potentially represent an abundant alternative to platinum. However, a complete understanding of the structure of the most active variants is still lacking. Nanocrystalline MoS2+δ was prepared by a solvothermal method and immobilized on graphene. The obtained electrodes exhibit stable HER current densities of 3 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of ~200 mV for at least 7 h. A structural analysis of the material by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) show partially disordered nanocrystals of a size between 5–10 nm. Both X-ray and electron diffraction reveal large fluctuations in lattice spacing, where the average c-axis stacking is increased and the in-plane lattice parameter is locally reduced in comparison to the layered structure of crystalline MoS2. A three-dimensional structural model of MoS2+δ could be derived from the experiments, in which [Mo2S12]2− and [Mo3S13]2− clusters as well as disclinations represent the typical defects in the ideal MoS2 structure. It is suggested that the partially disordered nanostructure leads to a high density of coordinatively modified Mo sites with lower Mo–Mo distances representing the active sites for HER catalysis, and, that these structural features are more important than the S:Mo ratio for the activity.
EFFECT OF CUTTING SPEED IN THE TURNING PROCESS OF AISI 1045 STEEL ON CUTTING FORCE AND BUILT-UP EDGE (BUE) CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBIDE CUTTING TOOL

In the machining of metal cutting, cutting tools are the main things that must be considered. Using improper cutting parameters can cause damage to the cutting tool. The damage is Built-Up Edge (BUE). The situation is undesirable in the metal cutting process because it can interfere with machining, and the surface roughness value of the workpiece becomes higher. This study aimed to determine the effect of cutting speed on BUE that occurred and the cutting strength caused. Five cutting speed variants are used. Observation of the BUE process is done visually, whereas to determine the size of BUE using a digital microscope. If a cutting tool occurs BUE, then the cutting process is stopped, and measurements are made. This study uses variations in cutting speed consisting of cutting speed 141, 142, 148, 157, 163, and 169 m/min, and depth of cut 0.4 mm. From the results of the study were obtained that t he biggest feeding force is at cutting speed 141 m/min at 347 N, and the largest cutting force value is 239 N with the dimension of BUE length: 1.56 mm, width: 1.35 mm, high: 0.56mm.
Environmental Impact Assessment of Solid Waste Disposal Options in Touristic Islands

Kish Island is a popular tourist destination in Iran, and tourism plays an important role in its economy. The volume of waste produced in the island has increased given the construction of numerous industrial projects over the past decade, as well as an increase in the tourist population. This expansion signals a need to create new methods of waste disposal. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process that can be used to evaluate the impact of waste disposal options on Kish Island. Rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) is a powerful tool to carry out the environmental impact assessment. The RIAM conducted in this research incorporated the mathematical sustainability model to evaluate the impacts of four municipal solid waste disposal options on the environment on Kish Island. The options included: (Option 1) Continuing the current disposal activities in Kish Island, i.e., 50% waste recycling and 50% waste landfilling; (Option 2) 30% composting, 50% waste recycling, and 20% waste landfilling; (Option 3) 30% composting, 50% waste recycling, and 20% waste incineration; and (Option 4) 50% waste recycling and 50% waste incineration. Among these options, option 4 was the priority for the establishment of final waste disposal with the highest score (0.043) in terms of sustainability, as well as having fewer adverse environmental impacts. However, the current environmental status of the Kish Island disposal site (Option 1) had the lowest score (-0.263) in terms of sustainability and was found to be the last priority with the most destructive environmental effects.
Student matric card payment system using RFID technology

The Student Matric Card Payment System (SMaCPay) using RFID is an application which utilizes RFID scanner from matric card to record and track the student expenditure at PSMZA cooperative mart. This application is designed specifically to monitor the polytechnic student expenditure record once they purchase at cooperative mart. RFID SMaCPay uses Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology. The RAD model is an effective methodology to provide much quicker development and higher-quality results than those achieved with the other software development methodologies. It is designed in such a way that, it easily takes the maximum advantages of the software development. This application has been developed using HTML and PHP as it language programming, Javascript as it scripting and MySQL as it database platform. This application enables student to make a payment via RFID tag using their matric card and check the balance amount through the application. Student’s tendency for SMaCPay has been evaluated with min score of 1.61 for technical, 2.02 for user interface, 1.75 for data accuracy and 1.71 for accessibility aspect. Nevertheless, usage of current material for the matric card is quite unsecured due to low quality and result the embedded RFID chip within the card easy to damage which will cause to data loss.
Collection of Azolla microphylla in Paraguay and its Characterization by Allozymes and DNA-RAPDs

Azolla Lam. is a genus of freshwater aquatic ferns which lives symbiotically with a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium. There are seven designated species (Lumpkin & Plucknett, 1982), three of which grow natively in the neotropics and subtropics. A. microphylla Kaulf. (MI in this paper) is the only one whose range reportedly lies entirely within the tropics. From an arbitrary focal point at the Galapagos Islands, its distributlion extends north into the West Indies and Central America, and also across northern and central South America (Schofield & Colinvaux, 1969; Morton & Wiggins, 1971). Within South America, MI is purportedly "centered in the lowlands of Brazil" (Svenson, 1944). The MI species, or the MI X A. filiculoides (FI) hybrid (Van Cat et al., 1989), is also a superior Azolla for application as a biofertilizer with irrigated rice. Its rapid growth in hot, humid regions of South and Southeast Asia, combined with greater fungal resistance, makes MI more desirable than the indigenous A. pinnata (Maybbayad, 1987; Ventura et al., 1987; Choonluchanon et al., 1988; Liu & Zheng, 1989). The MI which have become field accessions are stored in the Azolla germplasm collection at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines. All of the MI accessions from which hybrids and F1 progeny have been made were collected in northwest Paraguay in 1979. MI 4017 and 4018, among the most heat-tolerant of the tested germplasm, are commonly grown in IRRI fields at Los Bafios and South Cobato (Ventura et al., 1987). A second survey was sponsored by IRRI in 1988 to gather additional agroecotypes of Azolla. This paper discusses the genetic results found from that survey. METHODS
Size, Hemoglobin Content, and Acid-Soluble Phosphorus of Erythrocytes of Rabbits with Phenylhydrazine-Induced Reticulocytosis

Summary Following repeated injections of phenylhydrazine in rabbits, varying degrees of reticulocytosis, up to 100%, occur. With the increasing reticulocytosis the concentration of adenosine triphosphate in the erythrocytes increases from initial concentrations of 10 to 15 mg to 30 mg or more per 100 cc. The mean volume of the cells is greatly increased from around 60 n3 up to 150 ft3, and the corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is decreased from 34 to 22 g per 100 cc of cells.
Embodied Presence Evidence for embodiment of effectors when pointing in virtual environments

In this thesis, I proposed and tested the Embodied Presence Model (EPM), a framework aimed at examining the role of mental representations of the environment and body’s effectors in supporting presence in virtual reality. A fundamental assumption of the EPM is that presence is a direct result of interactions between one’s environment and one’s effectors (e.g., hands) thus requiring a mental representation of both. The EPM was therefore informed by current perspectives from perceptual, cognitive, and neuropsychology literature on how the relationship between the environment and the body. Three experiments were conducted, each with approximately 50 participants. In all three experiments a virtual pointing task was used wherein participants made speeded pointing movements to virtual targets presented on the table in front of them the virtual environment. Behavioral data included latency measures (i.e., hand liftoff time and hand travel time) and landing accuracy of pointing movements. Subjective data were also collected using an adaptation of the Rubber Hand Illusion questionnaire. Experiment 1 served as a paradigm check and examined the kinematic characteristics of pointing movements made by the left and right hands. Experiment 2 examined the influence of changes to the virtual environments on pointing behaviour by introducing fire into the virtual environment. Experiment 3 examined the combined effects of altering the virtual environment – once again with the use of virtual fire and the virtual effector by comparing pointing behaviour in a virtual hand and a virtual cube condition. Findings suggest that representations of the virtual environment and effectors both influence pointing behaviour, and that these factors may support embodied presence independently. A better understanding of these psychological underpinnings of embodied presence will improve the use of VR in a multitude of situations, including research, training and clinical applications. Embodied presence in virtual reality iv