Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing an Automatic Detector Device to Diagnose Insulator State on Overhead Distribution Lines

An automatic detector device (ADD) has been designed and built for monitoring insulators state in overhead distribution lines. The prototyped device is suitable for measurement and analysis of the insulator leakage current (LC) on lines of distribution systems to diagnose insulator state. It operates based on two diagnostic indicators, third to fifth harmonic ratio (R3/5%) of the insulator's LC signal and cosine of phase angle difference (P.D%) between fundamental signals of the voltage and LC. Experimental data of the indicators in various conditions and various insulators are used to train a classifier for determining reference values of the indices for insulator state detection. The instrument has two physically separate parts: receiver and transmitter. They communicate via a radio communication channel which improves the effectiveness of incident management. The transmitter samples the LC signal of the target insulator using a ferrite core along with a series of active electronic filters. The sampled LC signal is then sent to the receiver. The transmitted LC signal is analyzed by the microprocessor embedded in receiver CPU. Indicators of the transmitted LC signal are calculated and compared with reference values extracted from the classifier. The receiver determines the insulator's state based on the comparison of the estimated and reference values of diagnostic indicators for the target insulator. The performance of the prototyped ADD was evaluated experimentally in the laboratory as well as on overhead distribution lines. These performance tests confirmed reliable performance of the ADD.
Phytohormonal and metabolism analysis of Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis with different resistance during Plasmodiophora brassicae infection

Clubroot of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae, accounts for serious yield losses. The aim of our study was to explore the phytohormone levels and metabolome changes in the roots of resistant and susceptible B. rapa genotypes at a late stage of infection, i.e., 28 days post-infection. Both genotypes showed decreased auxin levels after P. brassicae infection except for indole-3-acetic acid. Overall, the susceptible genotype had higher auxin and cytokinin levels after infection, with the exception of trans-zeatin and 3indolebutyric acid as compared to the resistant genotype. Jasmonic acid levels declined after infection regardless of the genotype. Resistance against clubroot was evident with the increased levels of salicylic acid in the resistant genotype. The susceptible genotype had a higher number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) (262) than the resistant genotype (238) after infection. Interestingly, 132 DAMs were commonly detected in both genotypes when infected with the pathogen, belonging to metabolite classes such as phenolic acids, amino acids, and derivatives, glucosinolates, organic acids, flavonoids, nucleotides and derivatives, and fatty acids. The differential metabolite analysis revealed that metabolites related to amino acid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation, glutathione metabolism, and glucosinolate metabolism were highly accumulated in the resistant genotype, suggesting their essential roles in resistance against P. brassicae infection.
Dynamics of Health Among Adults in South Africa

BackgroundThis paper estimates trend of health mobility in South Africa using National Income Dynamic Study (NIDS) and investigate whether the patterns of health mobility differs within socioeconomic groups created by income and gender. Health is measured by SRHS, which correlates with mortality and morbidity; thus, it is the best measure of health. MethodsUsing five waves of NIDS and various econometric models, this research estimates health mobility in the period between 2007 and 2017. This study will use transition matrix as descriptive analysis of health mobility and Conditional Maximum Likelihood Estimations to analyse health mobility, trend of health mobility and relationship between health mobility and health inequality within NIDS. ResultsThe study shows that, among poor males, health mobility neither follows a health selection or health constraint mobility trend; the high health mobility with ambiguous trends has not decreased health inequality. Among the poor females, a negative health mobility trend is observed; this research also found that health inequality has not creased. Among the non-poor males, it is found that health mobility follows a gradient constraint trend which has decreased health inequality. Among non-poor females, it is found that health mobility follows a health selection trend which has not decreased health inequality. The results suggest that policy makers should target both social determinants of health and health campaigns to deal with health inequality among the poor males. ConclusionsThe trend of health mobility among poor females suggest that policy makers should target the social determinants of health to combat health inequality. The trend of health mobility among the non-poor males suggests that health mobility will eliminate health inequality. Lastly, the trend of health mobility suggests that policymakers should target health campaigns to deal with health inequality.
The quorum sensing system luxS gene contributes to the environmental fitness of Streptococcus suis

Background: Streptococcus suis type 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen. We have previously reported the structure of LuxS protein and found that the luxS gene is closely related to biofilm, virulence gene expression and drug resistance of SS2. However, the mechanism of luxS mediated SS2 stress response is unclear. Therefore, this experiment performed stress response to luxS mutant (ΔluxS) and complement strain (CΔluxS), overexpression strain (luxS+) and wild-type SS2 strain HA9801, and analyzed the differential phenotypes in combination with transcriptome data.Results: The results indicate that the luxS gene causes a wide range of phenotypic changes, including chain length. RNA sequencing identified 278 luxS-regulated genes, of which 179 were up-regulated and 99 were down-regulated. Differential genes focus on bacterial growth, stress response, metabolic mechanisms and drug tolerance. Multiple mitotic genes were down-regulated; while the ABC transporter system genes, cobalamin /Fe3+-iron carrier ABC transporter ATPase and oxidative stress regulators were up-regulated. The inactivation of the luxS gene caused a significant reduction in the growth and survival in the acid and iron stress environments. However, the mutant strain ΔluxS showed increased antioxidant activity to H2O2. Conclusions: The luxS gene in SS2 appears to play roles in iron metabolism and protective responses to acidic and oxidative environmental conditions.
The Empirical Analysis of High-tech Trade Imbalance Between China and the US

The United States, as a leader in technology industry, has been in a deficit position for a long time in the high-tech trade between China and the United States, which has been increasing year by year. This is obviously contrary to traditional international trade theory and the comparative advantages of the two countries. Based on the US policy restrictions on China ‘s high-tech product exports, the enhancement of China ‘s independent innovation capabilities, and international direct investment in China, this article conducts an empirical analysis to explore the reasons for the China-US high-tech trade imbalance and then gives corresponding policy recommendations.
Pesticide residues in groundwaters and soils of agricultural areas in the Águeda River Basin from Spain and Portugal

This research has evaluated the agricultural impact of the use of pesticides in small agricultural areas in the Águeda river basin, which straddles the Spanish-Portuguese border. Sixteen pesticides frequently used in the area, including herbicides, fungicides and insecticides and some of their degradation products, were monitored in 52 groundwater samples and 42 soil samples taken around them, using a developed multi-residual analytical method based on SPE-LC-MS. Sampling was carried out in two different seasons (winter and summer). The results indicated the presence of pesticides at several levels, both in groundwaters and soils. Thirteen of the pesticides studied were detected in one or more of the groundwater samples analysed, but only three pesticides were detected in the soil samples. Terbuthylazine, cyprodinil, tebuconazole and chlorpyrifos were the pesticides most frequently detected in groundwaters, whereas terbuthylazine, metalaxyl and tebuconazole were the sole compounds detected in soils. The distribution of the concentrations in groundwaters indicated that up to 80% and 70% of the samples collected in the summer on the Spanish and Portuguese sides, respectively, exceed the quality standards of 0.1 µg L−1 for one or more individual compounds and, in turn, up to 64% and 40% exceed the quality standards of 0.5 µg L−1 for all compounds. The presence of pesticide residues in the groundwaters and soils analysed may well be explained by the use of these compounds in agricultural practices.
Text Detection and Classification from Low Quality Natural Images

Detection of textual data from scene text images is a very thoughtprovoking issue in the field of computer graphics and visualization. This challenge is even more complicated when edge intelligent devices are involved in the process. The low-quality image having challenges such as blur, low resolution, and contrast make it more difficult for text detection and classification. Therefore, such exigent aspect is considered in the study. The technology proposed is comprised of three main contributions. (a) After synthetic blurring, the blurred image is preprocessed, and then the deblurring process is applied to recover the image. (b) Subsequently, the standard maximal stable extreme regions (MSER) technique is applied to localize and detect text. Soon after, K-Means is applied to get three different clusters of the query image to separate foreground and background and also incorporate character level grouping. (c) Finally, the segmented text is classified into textual and non-textual regions using a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) framework. The purpose of this task is to overcome the false positives. For evaluation of proposed technique, results are obtained on three mainstream datasets, including SVT, IIIT5K and ICDAR 2003. The achieved classification results of 90.3% for SVT dataset, 95.8% for IIIT5K dataset, and 94.0% for the ICDAR 2003 dataset, respectively. It shows the preeminence of the proposed methodology that it works fine for good model learning. Finally, the proposed methodology is compared with previous benchmark text-detection techniques to validate its contribution.
Social and Economic Decision-Making Utility Based on EEG Signals Analysis in Women:

Introduction: One of the new fields of study is Neuroeconomics which investigates the effect of human brain on economic decision makings. In the current study, economic decision making was examined, using the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game among females followed by electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis. Materials and Methods: Female participants were chosen based on their ability of making rational decision examined in Prisoner’s Dilemma Game for each group. Based on the data obtained from the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game, two groups existed: one includes female with good decision making in economic field in Prisoner’s Dilemma Test and group 2 consists of females who did not chose appropriate economic decision during the game. Also EEG analysis was performed at the end of EEG recording, participates were asked if they feel utility about their economic decision making in their entire life or not. Results: The current results showed that the Economic Decision-Making Utility was more in group with better economic decision in Prisoner’s Dilemma Game. EEG analysis shows that Alpha/Beta ratio is %16.5 and Theta/Beta ratio is %12.5 less in group 2 who stayed silent and did not betray other suspect (***P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the current data, utility about economic decisions may affect decision-making and EEG or vice versa, as Alpha/Beta and Theta/Beta ratio are less in the group who stayed silent and did not betray other suspect.
Unraveling the mysteries of a costoclavicular block: A case report

The outcome of regional anesthesia with respect to the sensory and motor effects of local anesthetics has been a mystery to anesthesiologists. However, testing these effects is subjective with the currently available scoring/grading systems. We report an unusual case where the author himself is a patient, a 37-year-old male with no comorbidities, who underwent plating of distal radius fracture under costoclavicular block (CCB). He took this opportunity to record changes in the sensory and motor functions that he experienced until he regained them completely. This case report is a narration of his own experiences related to CCB during the perioperative period.
Delirium treatment in intoxicated patients in ICU: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Objective: Delirium is one of the most common complications in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Delirium is a definite cause for more extended hospital stays, higher mortality rates, and possibly persistent cognitive decline in the future. Antipsychotics have been frequently evaluated as first drugs of choice, but the most appropriate, evidence-based treatment is yet to be discovered. This study aims to compare the efficacy of haloperidol and olanzapine in patients admitted to our toxicology ICU. Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial was undertaken on 35 ICU admitted patients with delirium in Loghman Hakim hospital in Tehran, Iran. The diagnosis was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria for delirium, and clinical toxicologists included the patients according to the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients received either haloperidol or olanzapine based on computerized randomization. The severity of delirium was measured with the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) scoring on days 0 and 3 of ICU-admission. Results: The total sample size was 35 in which 16 patients received haloperidol, and 19 patients received olanzapine. The doses of haloperidol and olanzapine were 3 mg three times a day and 5 mg three times a day, respectively. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics and the scores of MDAS between groups. Conclusion: Olanzapine and haloperidol have the same efficacy in the management of delirium in toxicology ICU-admitted patients. They can be interchangeably used for delirium treatment in these patients.
Characterizing Phase Behavior Through Time-Varying Microarchitecture Independent Characteristics Clustering

Programs often exhibit repeating behaviors, which are known as program phases. The automatic discovery of such structured behavior has beneﬁted many applications. However, many existing phase signatures lack the ability to reason about what are the key factors of each phase. Also, programs exhibit phase behavior at many different granularities, and some exhibit hierarchical phase behavior. Many techniques focus on a single granularity, which can cause an out of sync classiﬁcation with the actual phase behavior. We solve these problems by adopting a recently proposed method of subsequence clustering of multivariate time series. Using this method, the phases started to have a much more interpretable signature (MRF). We graphically showed that the method partitions the execution into a temporally consistent way. We showed the effectiveness of MRF's signature by using a centrality measure to identify the most important characteristics within a program phase. Finally, we present a case study to show the relationship between the MRF signature and source code.
Disturbed calcium-vitamin D metabolism in patients on anti-epileptic drugs

Introduction: Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder, usually requiring long term treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). There is paucity in data in relation to the effect of AED on calcium metabolism in North India. In view of this the present study was undertaken to assess the effect of AED on calcium metabolism. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included epileptic patients of both sex attending the neurology OPD & IPD clinics. Patients were divided into three groups: - group1 included patients on monotherapy receiving 1 AED, group 2 on dual therapy receiving 2 AED and group 3 patients on polytherapy receiving>2 AED. Serum analysis of total calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphorus, ionised calcium & vitamin D levels were conducted. The data between the groups was analyzed by using 1 way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The study included 150 patients in which 50 patients each belonged to groups1, 2 and 3 respectively. 60% patients were male. 86 patients had generalised epilepsy and 64 suffered from partial seizures. 42% of the patients were on AED treatment for>5 years. Serum levels of calcium and vitamin D were significantly decreased (p=.000 and p>0.05 respectively) in the polytherapy group in comparison to the mono and dual therapy groups. On the other hand, alkaline phosphatase & phosphorus levels were significantly increased in the polytherapy group (p=.000). Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis was commonly observed in the patients on AED, even at sub-therapeutic serum levels of the drug.
Massen-Geschwindigkeitsfilter für künstlich beschleunigten Staub

Zur Massen-Geschwindigkeitsseparation von geladenem, künstlich beschleunigtem Staub wurde ein elektrostatisches Filtersystem entwickelt und erprobt. Der logische Teil dieses Filters kann auch zur Messung der Ladung und Geschwindigkeit von kosmischem Staub dienen.
Joint optimal pricing and inventory management policy and its sensitivity analysis for perishable products: Lost sale case

In the real world, the demand cannot be depicted exactly because of customer behavior cannot be forecasted without error. In this paper, we study the effect of the error of the estimated price-demand parameters by analyzing the sensitivity of the optimal joint pricing and ordering policy on the price-demand parameters based on a periodic-review, multi-period and lost sale inventory model for perishable products with constant quantity decay rate and price-sensitive demand. Firstly, we formulate the joint pricing and inventory control problem and find the optimal ordering quantity and the optimal price for deterministic price-demand function. The optimal solutions show that the retailer tends to set a lower price in early periods of each ordering cycle in order to reduce the inventory holding costs. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the optimal joint pricing and inventory control system with respect to the price-demand parameters is examined analytically and evaluated numerically. The sensitivity analysis reveals that compared to the optimal ordering quantity, the optimal prices are less sensitive in the demand-price parameters. Finally, according to the findings of the sensitivity analysis, a heuristic method of regulating the estimated demand-price parameters is employed to improve the average profit. 185 words.
Infrared predissociation spectrum of the H/sup +//sub 3/ ion

We have observed an infrared spectrum of the H/sup +//sub 3/ ion containing nearly 27 000 lines which span only 222 cm/sup -1/ from 872 to 1094 cm/sup -1/. A beam of H/sup +//sub 3/ ions at a potential of from 1.2 to 10.5 kV is aligned to be collinear with an infrared laser beam from a carbon dioxide cw laser. Photodissociation occurs to produce fragment H/sup +/ ions which are separated from the parent H/sup +//sub 3/ ions using an electrostatic analyzer. Doppler tuning is accomplished by scanning the H/sup +//sub 3/ ion beam potential and resonance lines corresponding to an increase in fragment H/sup +/ ion current are detected by means of a velocity modulation technique. The observed linewidths range from 3 to 60 MHz, with additional broader lines also being detected by chopping the laser beam. We believe that each resonance line arises from predissociation of H/sup +//sub 3/ to form H/sub 2/ and H/sup +/. Pseudo-low resolution spectra constructed by computer convolution of the experimental data show well defined peaks which correspond closely in transition frequency to j = 3--5 rotational transitions of H/sub 2/ in its v = 0, 1, 2, and 3 vibrational levels.more » It is therefore suggested that the H/sup +//sub 3/ ions studied by our technique are best regarded as H/sub 2/xxxH/sup +/ complexes in which the vibrational and rotational states of the H/sub 2/ are largely preserved. We believe that many of the observed resonance lines arise from H/sup +//sub 3/ ions with up to 2 or 3 eV internal energy above the lowest dissociation limit, and consequently that many metastable levels with a wide range of lifetimes exist. « less
The Use of Robotic Animals to Increase Interest in Comparative Psychology

This project focuses on the use of robots to increase student interest in comparative psychology. Robots facilitate the development of critical thinking skills, problem solving ability, and apparatus design. Moreover, as behavioral apparatuses become more sophisticated, the use of robots can help increase the interactions between comparative psychologists and engineers. We provide details on how to construct a robotic squirrel. Our squirrel is a ground-based motion robot driven at variable speeds utilizing slip steering. It supports an on-board video system to record and monitor various behavioral patterns of small animals, primarily squirrels in this project, from a distance. It also includes an audio system, which can record and playback sounds to the animals, and a simple robot arm-like structure with two degree of freedom controlled by servos. An Android smart phone application was developed to control the motion and speed of the robot and other operational controls in the system, such as record, playback control, and movement of the robot arm. We suggest that robots can be used as a source for independent projects, be incorporated into a class lecture on behavioral apparatuses, and/or be designed as a class project.
The ABCs of Relational Values: Environmental Values that Include Aspects of Both Intrinsic and Instrumental Valuing

In this paper we suggest an interpretation of the concept of ‘relational value’ that could be useful in both environmental ethics and empirical analyses. We argue that relational valuing includes aspects of intrinsic and instrumental valuing. If relational values are attributed, objects are appreciated because the relationship with them contributes to the human flourishing component of well-being (instrumental aspect). At the same time, attributing relational value involves genuine esteem for the valued item (intrinsic aspect). We also introduce the notions of mediating and indirect relational environmental values, attributed in relationships involving people as well as environmental objects. We close by proposing how our analysis can be used in empirical research.