Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Herzinsuffizienz und Arrhythmien

Zusammenfassung Die häufigsten und prognostisch bedeutsamsten Arrhythmien bei der Herzinsuffizienz sind Vorhofflimmern und ventrikuläre Arrhythmien. Pathophysiologisch liegen beiden Arrhythmien eine Aktivierung des neurohumoralen Systems im Rahmen des Remodelings, myokardiale Hypertrophie bzw. Fibrose sowie Änderungen der kardialen Erregungsleitung und der Repolarisation zugrunde. Vorhofflimmern führt zu einer Beeinträchtigung der kardialen Hämodynamik, erhöht die Mortalität und das Risiko für thromboembolische Komplikationen. Die Therapie fokussiert daher auf die Antikoagulation, den Erhalt des Sinusrhythmus bzw. eine Frequenzkontrolle, wenn ein Sinusrhythmus nicht mehr dauerhaft erhalten werden kann. Da die antiarrhythmische Therapie praktisch auf Amiodaron beschränkt ist, spielt die Katheterablation eine zunehmende Rolle, wenn ein Erhalt des Sinusrhythmus das therapeutische Ziel ist. Allerdings ist der Eingriff bei herzinsuffizienten Patienten komplex und sollte in erfahrenen Zentren durchgeführt werden. Auch für ventrikuläre Arrhythmien sind die Möglichkeiten der medikamentösen Therapie beschränkt, daher ist bei Patienten mit ausgeprägter systolischer Herzinsuffizienz oft ein implantierbarer Kardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) indiziert. Allerdings ist die Datenlage für Patienten mit nicht ischämischer Kardiomyopathie etwas schlechter als für Patienten mit linksventrikulärer Dysfunktion nach Infarkt. Auch bei ventrikulären Tachykardien spielt die Katheterablation bei Herzinsuffizienz eine zunehmende Rolle, besonders bei ischämischen Patienten. Sie kann die Häufigkeit von ventrikulären Tachykardien und ICD-Schocks reduzieren, ein Nutzen hinsichtlich Mortalität ist allerdings nicht nachgewiesen.
Reference ranges of white blood cells and platelets counts among Sudanese young adult males in Khartoum state

Physiological ranges of immune cells and platelets count of healthy population in Sudan are not well determined. The objectives of this study were to determine the reference ranges of total white blood cells count and differential, platelets count and platelets indices among Sudanese young adult males. The study was expected to build on local reference ranges of hematological parameters which can be used safely in clinical practice. The study findings were expected to raise the national awareness toward the need of setting reference values to Sudanese population in the future. A 200 young healthy adult males, with age ranging between 18-25 years were participated in the study. Venous blood sample was collected in a tube containing EDTA anticoagulant for the blood tests. SPSS version 20 statistical software was used for data analysis, P value < 0.05 was considered significant and 95% CI was accepted. In Comparison with African and American population, the study group showed significant variation in Total WBCs counts, neutrophils count, lymphocytes count and platelets count. It was evident from this study that the study group and may be Sudanese population had significant variations in hematological parameters from established parameters elsewhere.
Bio Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates against Diamond Back Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) on Cauliflower Plant in Tamil Nadu, India

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gram positive entomopathogenic bacteria being an eco-friendly biopesticide. In present study the potential of B. thuringiensis isolates was studied for the biological control of Diamond back moth (DBM). Fifteen Bt isolates were obtained from the Department of Agricultural Microbiology, TNAU Tamil Nadu. This mainly isolated from the cultivated lands Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Brinjal (Solanum melongena) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). All the 15 isolates were identified as B. thuringiensis based on the crystalline structure. Four different types of crystalline forms were observed, in which the isolates CC, CB1, BC, TD, BD were produces cuboidal shape crystals. Then, the isolates were characterized based on presence of lepidopteron specific cry gene. Among the 15 B. thuringiensis isolates seven of them were found to be positive for lepidopteron specific cry genes include cry 1 & cry 2. Four Bt isolates were exhibited presences of both cry 1 and cry 2 genes. The selected 4 isolates further screened for protein profiling by SDS Page. Molecular weights of the protein ranging from 65 to 130 kDa. Toxicity of this four B. thuringiensis isolates were evaluated by bioassay using third instar larvae of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and isolate (CC) recorded maximum mortality of 95.33% Original Research Article Thilagavathi et al.; IJPSS, 32(1): 10-20, 2020; Article no.IJPSS. 54539 11 comparable to standard strain HD1 98.31%. In quantitative bioassay, the LC50 for third instar larvae of Plutella xylostella was found to be least range 197.09 ppm with fiducial limits of 110.28 352.21 ppm respectively. Different concentration of the toxic protein (100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000) will reduce the leaf damage and larval growth was (54-8% and 58-25%) observed. This achieved effective control of DBM in cauliflower plant.
Studies on the Function of Peroxidasins in Innate Immune System in C. elegans

Peroxidasin is a unique member of peroxidase family in that it has extracellular matrix (ECM) motif as well as peroxidase activity. Peroxidasins are involved in consolidation the extracellular matrix during development and in innate immune defense. C. elegans has two functional peroxidasins, PXN-1 and PXN-2, and PXN-2 is known to contribute to innate immune system. However, it is not clear of PXN-1 function in innate immune system. Therefore, this study is focused on the function of PXN-1 and the relationship between PXN-1 and PXN-2 in innate defense system in C. elegans. When pxn-1 was knocked down by RNAi, the worm turned to be more resistant to pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the enhanced resistance was abolished in pxn-1pxn-2 double knock down. By contrast, pxn-2 knock down showed stronger susceptibility to the pathogens. These results suggest that pxn-2 can contribute the pathogen resistance and pxn-1 can suppress the pathogen resistance. To confirm the idea, overexpression experiments were performed. Overexpression of pxn-1 showed more susceptible to pathogens compared to the control and double overexpression of pxn-1pxn-2 overcame the susceptibility of pxn-1 overexpression to the pathogens. On the other hand, pxn-2 overexpression made the worm more resistant to the pathogens and the resistance was maintained in pxn-1pxn-2 double overexpression. The comparison of the susceptibilities to the bacterial pathogens in above mentioned constructs suggests that PXN-1 suppress the function of PXN-2 in defense against bacterial pathogens in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: A Technology Primer

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a relatively new addition to the diagnostic armamentarium in the United States. The pairing of intravenously injected contrast agents with advanced ultrasound image processing techniques permits improved detection and characterization of different tissue types compared with conventional sonography. The use and efficacy of CEUS is well established in echocardiographic applications in the United States and in many other applications worldwide. Recent approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration of an ultrasound contrast agent for use in evaluating adult and pediatric hepatic pathology opens the door to a new era in sonographic diagnosis. An understanding of the underlying physical and technical principles of CEUS is essential for the accurate interpretation of the information obtained from this exciting emerging modality.
Overactive bladder in clinical practice and future neuromodulation treatments

Introduction Lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence may have major impact on quality of life. However, not all individuals with urological complaints seek medical advice. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of LUTS in young otherwise healthy nulligravid females and the accompanying burden. Methods A total of 159 young presumably healthy female medical students aged 18-30 years were recruited at their university. All completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire for Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. The prevalence of LUTS and the accompanying burden were measured. Correlation between symptoms and bother was analysed using Spearman’s rho. Results A prevalence of LUTS was found in 94.3% of individuals, urgency at least sometimes in 14.5%, and hesitancy in 14.5%. Nocturia once a night was present in 18.2%; no participant reported nocturia > 2 times. Involuntarily loss of urine was reported by 20.1% but in no individual > 2 times a week. For all bother scores the median value was 0; the highest bother score was for urgency. For all questions a positive correlation was found between symptoms and bother; a strong correlation was found for bladder pain, urgency UI, stress UI and overall UI. Conclusions In a presumably healthy population of young nulligravid women the prevalence of LUTS and UI was high, but with relatively low bother.
Constructive realism: advantages of ontology and methodology

This article attempts to reveal and analyse the advantages of constructive realism as a methodological framework of contemporary science. Comparing realism and constructivism as two divergent positions in epistemology in their extreme forms, we mention their downsides. These are the epistemological component for extreme realism and the ontological component for radical constructivism. We indicate that the concept of our study is characterized with the best balance of ontology and gnoseology and it allows overcoming ontological and epistemological difficulties associated with constructivism and realism correspondingly. We conclude that constructive realism may facilitate the development of the scientific worldview pertinent to modern knowledge and ready to respond the inherent methodological challenges that science faces.
Participatory water management modelling in the Athabasca River Basin

Abstract Water is often used for a variety of conflicting purposes. Furthermore, as water is a dynamic resource, its equitable allocation across boundaries often poses problems for involved stakeholders. Integrated water resource management (IWRM) aims to promote the coordinated management of water across all boundaries. In theory IWRM is an effective solution to address multiple conflicting uses: however, in practice it is difficult to implement. This paper presents a case-study of an IWRM initiative in which the key component of participatory modelling is played out. Other important processes are integrated as well, such as problem structuring, social learning, and stakeholder engagement. In 2016-2017, approximately 30 stakeholders representing industry, municipalities, environmental NGOs, and federal/provincial government collaborated in order to explore opportunities to achieve sustainable watershed management in the Athabasca River Basin, Alberta Canada. Stress scenarios (including potential changes in climate, land use, and water use) were developed and used to test a series of water management strategies throughout the basin. These strategies were simulated within an integrated modelling tool in a live setting. Through this interactive process, promising strategies for sustainable water management were explored, and a series of recommendations for policy makers were identified. Recommendations include, but are not limited to, identifying areas for land conservation and reclamation priority, establishing in-stream flow need targets, and reducing water navigation limitations in the lower basin. Outlined through this paper, this case-study shows that examples of real-world participatory modelling efforts are in fact possible.
Analysis of Predictive Factors of Mortality in Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients at Soebandi Hospital Jember

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that is often found in developed countries and currently also presents in developing countries, and one of them is in Indonesia. The high prevalence of stroke in Indonesia is affected by several risk factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet, smoking, high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, and elevated blood lipid profile. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between predictors of hemorrhagic stroke such as obesity, blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid profile with mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research was a quantitative research with a retrospective approach. The number of samples was 101 medical record data. Univariate analysis was used to identify the description of each variable, a chi-square test was applied to analyze the correlation between variables, and the logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the most dominant factor influencing mortality of hemorrhagic stroke. The result of bivariate test showed p-value of obesity= 0,039, p-value of blood pressure= 0,478, p-value of blood sugar= 0,04, p-value of blood lipid profile= 0,026. Logistic regression obtained p-value for obesity= 0.043, OR = 2.689; p-value of blood sugar= 0,042, OR = 2,656; p-value of blood lipid profile= 0.069, OR = 3,749. There was a significant association between obesity, blood sugar, and blood lipid profile with mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Obesity and blood sugar are predictors that can be used to predict mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients, where obesity is the most dominant factor affecting mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
The Impact of Disclosing Inventory-Scarcity Messages on Sales in Online Retailing

To influence demand, some online retailers post messages (e.g., “5 units or less left in stock”) on their product pages to signal impending stockouts. These “scarcity” messages provide consumers “partial” inventory information, revealing only an upper bound on the number of units available for sale. To examine the impact of these messages, we obtained price and sales data from an online-retailer website across a sample of durable goods before and after the retailer posted these messages over multiple inventory-replenishment cycles. We then used these data to assess empirically the effect of these messages on these products’ daily sales. We find that disclosing these messages can decrease daily sales by an average of 17.60%. This finding suggests that scarcity messages such as these can have a negative influence on the sales prospects of durable goods. We also observe, on the other hand, that price discounts are quite effective in increasing sales and offsetting the losses induced by scarcity messages. On average, a reduction of 1% in SKU price increases daily sales by approximately 3%. Therefore, relative to disclosing scarcity messages, price discounts are a much more effective tool at increasing inventory turns.
A Note about the Individualized TMS Focality

A particular yet computationally successful solution of an inverse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) problem is reported. The goal has been focusing the normal unsigned electric field at the inner cortical surface and its vicinity (the D wave activation site) given a unique high-resolution gyral pattern of a subject and a precise coil model. For 16 subjects and 32 arbitrary target points, the solution decreases the mean deviation of the maximum-field domain from the target by a factor of 2 on average. The reduction in the maximum-field area is expected to quadruple. The average final deviation is 6 mm. Rotation about the coil axis is the most significantly altered parameter, and the coil moves 10 mm on average during optimization. The maximum electric field magnitude decreases by 16% on average. Stability of the solution is enforced. The relative average de-focalization is below 1.2 when position/orientation accuracies are within 3 mm/6 degrees, respectively. The solution for the maximum normal field may also maximize the total field and its gradient for neighboring cortical layers III-V (I wave activation).
3-dimensional combinatorial Yamabe flow in hyperbolic background geometry

We study the 3-dimensional combinatorial Yamabe flow in hyperbolic background geometry. For a triangulation of a 3-manifold, we prove that if the number of tetrahedra incident to each vertex is at least 23, then there exist real or virtual ball packings with vanishing (extended) combinatorial scalar curvature, i.e., the total (extended) solid angle at each vertex is equal to 4 π 4\pi . In this case, if such a ball packing is real, then the (extended) combinatorial Yamabe flow converges exponentially fast to that ball packing. Moreover, we prove that there is no real or virtual ball packing with vanishing (extended) combinatorial scalar curvature if the number of tetrahedra incident to each vertex is at most 22.
Sirenomelia in a Nigerian: A case report and review of literature

We present a case of sirenomelia delivered by a teenage mother, non-diabetic out of wedlock in a single birth. The multiple congenital anomalies involving fusion of the lower limbs, absent external genitalia, blind rectal end, absent of anal canal, single umbilical artery and embryonic mesonephric apparatus. The sex could not be determined and baby died few hours after delivery. Post mortem examination revealed multiple congenital defects. Conclusion: Rarity of single birth sirenomelia delivered by a teenage mother and emphasis on post mortem examination which revealed the gross morphological associated features that will add to the available literatures. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case to be reported in Northern Nigeria.
Comparing the Effects of Therapeutic Exercise and Hydrotherapy on Pain Severity and Knee Range of Motion in Patients with Hemophilia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Pain and limited range of motion (ROM) are the crucial subsequent results of joint hemorrhages in individuals with bleeding disorders and hemophilia. Exercise interventions are particularly recommended in treatment of such patients. The purpose of this study was to detect the influences of conventional exercise therapy and hydrotherapy on the knee joint complications in patients with hemophilia. Methods: A total of 40 patients engaging hemophilia A were randomized into one of three groups: Therapeutic exercise (N = 13), hydrotherapy (N = 14) or control (N = 13). While the first two groups followed their specific programs for 4 weeks, routine life‑style was maintained by subjects in the control group in this period. To evaluate the pain level and knee ROM the visual analog scale and standard goniometer were utilized, respectively. The outcome was measured at baseline and after completing the prescribed protocols. Data analysis was performed using one‑way analysis of variance and Scheffe statistical tests (P 0.05).
Relationship between perception with the quality of life of T2DM patients in Dok II Jayapura Hospital

Diabetes mellitus disease is one of the chronic diseases which can cause a fatal risk if its management is not appropriate. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perception and quality of life in Dok II Jayapura hospital. This study used an observational research design with cross sectional approach with prospective sampling in diabetic patients in internal disease policemen who were underwent outpatient treatment at Dok II Jayapura hospital. Research instruments used EQ-5D (European Quality-5 Dimension) and B-IPQ (Brief Illness Perception Quetionare). Data analysis used was univariate analysis by using percentage or mean value, bivariate using T-test or Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate using multiple linear regression. There were 80 T2DM patients who met the inclusion criteria. Based on patient demographic data, there were 29 people (36.6%) male patients and 51 people (63.8%) female patients, with mean age of patient (55.79±10.52) year. Perception has correlation with quality of life influenced by index value on treatment control (6.73±1.475) and emotional response (3.11±2.199) and by visual analog scale on understanding (5.99±1.587), duration (6.50±2.968), and personal controls (6.20±1.641). Based on the results obtained to improve the quality of life of T2DM patients that is on the index value on the control of treatment and emotional response and on visual analog scale on the understanding, duration and personal control should be changed so that the quality of life of patients increases. The family history, social status and type of treatment factors also affect the quality of life.
Nonneoplastic Lesions of the Pancreas: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Cases

Objectives: In the pancreatic lesion cases, surgery is often planned based only on imaging results and without a preoperative histological diagnosis, due to the high risk of malignancy in combination with the difficulty of invasive interventions and limited cytopathological evaluation. In this study, the records of 20 patients who had undergone a pancreatectomy procedure and who were diagnosed with nonneoplastic pancreatic lesions were retrospectively evaluated according to the clinical and histopathological findings. Methods: A total of 122 cases of patients who underwent a pancreatectomy with suspicious lesions between 2004 and 2016 were retrospectively assessed in detail using the clinical and histopathological findings. Results: Nonneoplastic lesions were observed in 20 (16%) of 122 patients who underwent a pancreatectomy. Histopathological examination revealed 11 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 1 hematoma, 1 instance of hemorrhagic necrosis secondary to trauma, 1 pseudocyst, 1 granulation tissue, 1 retention cyst, 1 bile duct cyst, 1 patient with Castleman disease, and 1 instance of fat necrosis were seen. In 1 patient, no evidence of disease was found. In addition, among the patients with chronic pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis was observed in 1, adenomyoma of the ampulla of Vater was present in 1, and a pseudocyst was found in 1 patient. Conclusion: A clinical and histopathological analysis of nonneoplastic lesions found in pancreatectomy patients was performed.
PARADIGMA DALAM ILMU ARKEOLOGI

ABSTRAKArkeologi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari masa lampau melalui benda yang ditinggalkannya. Pada mulanya muncul dari kegemaran orang mengumpulkan harta karun selanjutnya berkembang dengan rasa ingin tahu yang besar mengenai masa lampau. Kajian arkeologi tidak dapat berdiri sendiri karena memerlukan ilmu bantu di dalam penelitian arkeologi yang bertujuan menyusun sejarah kebudayaan, memahami perilaku manusia dan mengetahui proses perubahan kebudayaan. Maka penelitian dianggap berhasil apabila semakin banyak para ahli dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu terlibat dalam penelitian arkeologi.Kata Kunci: paradigma, ilmu, arkeologiABSTRACTArcheology is the study of the past through the objects it left behind. In the beginning, arises from the passion of people collecting treasure and then develop with great curiosity about the past. Archeological studies cannot stand alone because they require knowledge in archeological research aimed at compiling cultural history, understanding human behavior, and knowing the process of cultural change. Then the research is considered successful if more and more experts in various disciplines are involved in archeological research.Keywords: paradigm, science, archeology