Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovery, Lifespan, and Function of CPD‐Adenine (CPDA‐1) Platelet Concentrates Stored for Up to 72 Hours at 4 C

We studied the in vivo recovery, lifespan, and hemostatic effectiveness of CPDA‐1 platelet concentrates stored for up to 72 hours at 4 C. A total of 120 CPDA‐1 concentrates containing an average (± 1 S.D.) of 6.6 ± 2.0 × 1010 platelets were prepared. The pH of the units following storage at 4 C was 6.8 ± 0.2; no unit had a pH below 6.3. Autologous transfusion of six normal volunteers showed that platelets stored at 4 C for 72 hours had an in vivo recovery of 40 ± 18 per cent and a lifespan of 5.1 ± 1.5 days. The hemostatic effectiveness of CPDA‐1 platelets was determined by platelet counts and template bleeding time measurements in 10 thrombocytopenic patients. Patients receiving 48‐hour‐stored platelets had a four‐ to six‐hour posttransfusion corrected platelet increment averaging 15,300 ± 3,200/μl which was 67 ± 34 per cent of expected recovery. Four of the five patients transfused with this preparation showed an improved bleeding time. In contrast, three patients receiving 72‐hour‐stored platelets had a four‐ to six‐hour posttransfusion increment of 5,800 ± 2,400/μl that was only 26 ± 13 per cent of the expected recovery; furthermore, only one of these patients showed any correction of the bleeding time. These data indicate that CPDA‐1 platelets are hemostatically effective when stored at 4 C for up to 48 hours.
Relationship of Serum S 100 B and Intracranial Injury in Children with Accidental Closed Head Trauma A Thesis Submitted to the Yale University School of Medicine in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine

S100B, a calcium-dependent protein produced by astroglial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and by chondrocytes, functions as both a neurotrophin and neurotoxin. It has a half-life in the systemic circulation of approximately six hours. We examined whether serum levels of S100B would be predictive of intracranial injury (ICI) in children, as detected by cranial computed tomography (CT), in children with closed head trauma (CHT). In addition, we evaluated the effect of long bone fractures on the level of S100B in children with both CHT and extracranial injuries such as long bone fractures. One hundred fifty-two children, who presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Yale -New Haven Children's Hospital, within six hours of accidental CHT, and required CT to exclude ICI, were prospectively enrolled. After informed consent from a caregiver, samples were obtained by venipuncture and analyzed for a quantitative serum level of S100B. Of the 152 children enrolled in this study, 24 had an ICI. Mean S100B levels were significantly greater in children with ICI (0.212 μg/L vs. 0.084 μg/L; p<0.001), in children with long bone fractures (0.220 μg/L vs. 0.083 μg/L; p<0.001), and in children who were non-white (0.127 μg/L vs. 0.081 μg/L; p=0.03). Sixty-two percent of children with ICI had venipuncture performed more than 120 minutes after head injury. After controlling for time of venipuncture, fractures, and race, mean S100B levels were still greater in children with ICI (0.409 μg/L vs. 0.118 μg/L; p<0.001). The discriminatory value of S100B to detect ICI, as determined by the area under the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve, was 0.67. Further study of S100B is necessary to determine whether this biochemical marker could serve as a useful adjunct in the evaluation of children with CHT.
Infantile Body Temperature Loss in Rats: Effects of Duration of Cold Exposure, Rate of Heat Loss, Level of Hypothermia, and Rewarming on Later Emotionality

Two experiments are described which investigated the effects of several parameters of body temperature, including rate of temperature loss, duration of cold exposure, level of hypothermia, and rewarming on later emotionality. Experimental controls permitted independent assessment of the effects of manipulation or “extra-stimulation,” as well as the possible role of differential maternal response to the chilled litter. The data demonstrated that (1) the rate of body temperature loss and the duration of cold exposure are major independent variables, (2) their effect on emotionality is curvilinear, (3) response to early cold exposure is sex dependent, and (4) manipulation or “extra-stimulation” and maternal mediation are inadequate to explain the observed effects. on the basis of these findings, an underlying mechanism involving the thermoregulatory response to cold is suggested.
Development of novel techniques to classify physical activity mode using accelerometers.

PURPOSE Use of accelerometers to assess physical activity (PA) is widespread in public health research, but their utility is often limited by the accuracy of data-processing techniques. We hypothesized that more sophisticated approaches to data processing could distinguish between activity types based on accelerometer data, providing a more accurate picture of PA. METHODS Using data from MTI Actigraphs worn by six subjects during four activities (walking, walking uphill, vacuuming, working at a computer), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) was performed, and a hidden Markov model (HMM) was trained to recognize the activities. The ability of the new analytic techniques to accurately classify PA was assessed. RESULTS The mean (SE) percentage of time points for which the QDA correctly identified activity mode was 70.9% (1.2%). Computer work was correctly recognized most frequently (mean (SE) percent correct = 100% (0.01%)), followed by vacuuming (67.5% (1.5%)), uphill walking (58.2% (3.5%)), and walking (53.6% (3.3%)). The mean (SE) percentage of time points for which the HMM correctly identified activity mode was 80.8% (0.9%). Vacuuming was correctly recognized most frequently (mean (SE) percent correct = 98.8% (0.05%)), followed by computer work (97.3% (0.7%)), walking (62.6% (2.3%)), and uphill walking (62.5% (2.3%)). In contrast to a traditional method of data processing that misidentified the intensity level of 100% of the time spent vacuuming and walking uphill, the QDA and HMM approaches correctly estimated the intensity of activity 99% of the time. CONCLUSION The novel approach of estimating activity mode, rather than activity level, may allow for more accurate field-based estimates of physical activity using accelerometer data, and this approach warrants more study in a larger and more diverse population of subjects and activities.
Aquaporin‐1 activity of plasma membrane affects HT20 colon cancer cell migration

Recent studies revealed an important role of aquaporins (AQPs) in cell migration and migration‐associated cell function such as angiogenesis, wound healing, and neutrophil motility. Migration of tumor cells is a crucial step in tumor invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the expression of AQP1 in human HT20 colon cancer cells and characterized its function in cell migration. By reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunoblot analysis, expression of AQP1 was identified in HT20 cell lines. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated expression of AQP1 protein in the plasma membrane of HT20 cells. The recombinant adenovirus expressing human AQP1 increased the mRNA and protein expression of AQP1 in HT20 cells. In contrary, the RNA interference vector of AQP1 effectively inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of AQP1 in HT20 cells. Adenovirus‐mediated high expression of AQP1 in HT20 cells increased relative plasma membrane water permeability and migration rate in both wound healing and invasive transwell migration assays. In contrary, RNA interference vector‐mediated low expression of AQP1 in HT20 cells reduced relative plasma membrane water permeability and migration rate. AQP1 expression induced relocalization of actin protein and activation of RhoA and Rac. In nude mice, AQP1 increased extravasation of HT20 Cells in lung after tail vein injection. The results provided the direct evidence that aquaporin‐mediated plasma membrane water permeability plays an important role in colon cancer cell migration and may be associated with colon cancer invasion and metastasis. © 2009 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 61(10): 1001–1009, 2009
Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and normal cognitive aging: population-based study.

CONTEXT Little is known about the population-based prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in MCI and normal cognitive aging in a defined population. DESIGN Cross-sectional study derived from an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study. SETTING The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. PARTICIPANTS We studied a random sample of 1969 individuals without dementia from the target population of 9965 elderly persons residing in Olmsted County (Minnesota) on the prevalence date (October 1, 2004). Neuropsychiatric data were available for 319 of 329 subjects with MCI (97.0%) and 1590 of 1640 subjects with normal cognition (97.0%). Neurologic, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric data were obtained from the study participants. A classification of MCI, dementia, and normal cognitive aging was adjudicated by an expert consensus panel. Accordingly, 329 subjects were classified as having MCI and the remaining 1640 subjects were classified as having normal cognition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire score. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted after adjusting for age, sex, and educational status. By considering both the odds ratio (OR) and the frequency of a symptom, the most distinguishing features between the 2 groups were apathy (OR, 4.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.11-6.60; P < .001), agitation (3.60; 2.18-5.92; P < .001), anxiety (3.00; 2.01-4.48; P < .001), irritability 2.99; 2.11-4.22; P < . 001), and depression (2.78; 2.06-3.76; P < .001). The OR was highest for delusion (8.12; 95% CI, 2.92-22.60; P < .001); however, it was rare in both subjects with MCI (11 of 319 [3.4%]) and those with normal cognition (6 of 1590 [0.4%]). Thus, the population attributable risk for delusion was only 2.62% compared with 14.60% for apathy. CONCLUSIONS Nonpsychotic symptoms affected approximately 50% of subjects with MCI and 25% of subjects with normal cognition. In contrast, psychotic symptoms were rare.
Redefining the “Planning” in Advance Care Planning: Preparing for End-of-Life Decision Making

The traditional objective of advance care planning has been to have patients make treatment decisions in advance so that clinicians can attempt to provide care consistent with their goals. The authors contend that the objective for advance care planning ought to be the preparation of patients and surrogates to participate with clinicians in making the best possible in-the-moment medical decisions. They provide practical steps for clinicians to help patients and surrogate decision makers achieve this objective in the outpatient setting. Preparation for in-the-moment decision making shifts the focus from having patients make premature decisions based on incomplete information to preparing them and their surrogates for the types of decisions and conflicts they may encounter when they do have to make in-the-moment decisions. Advance directives, although important, are just one piece of information to be used at the time of decision making.
Effect of ambient temperature on arterial pressure variability during sleep in the rat

Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) during sleep were recorded at three ambient temperatures (Ta: 16, 22 and 28°C). MAP and HR during sleep increased with lowering of Ta. The increase in MAP during the transition from NREM to REM sleep was decreased by lowering the Ta. At 28°C, the average HR increased in going from NREM to REM sleep, while, at 16°C, it decreased. The coefficient of variation (CV%) of the MAP during REM sleep decreased as the Ta was lowered, while that seen during NREM sleep was unchanged. This study suggests that Ta has a greater effect than sleep stage on the MAP and HR, and that MAP variability during REM sleep is greater at higher Ta.
Wavelet processing of images for target detection

This article has as its goal the development and test and evaluation of wavelet‐based algorithms for automatically detecting unknown anomalies in two‐dimensional images. The general idea behind the work is that the class of wavelet transforms induces a so‐called multiresolution analysis (MRA) in image space whereby the image of interest is naturally decomposed into a sequence of images of varying resolution (from coarse to fine resolution) in a computationally efficient manner. The anomaly detection can then be performed sequentially beginning at a coarse scale (low resolution) and proceeding to finer scales as needed. The wavelet representation thus effectively allows the user to zoom in on particular areas of interest and thus detect image anomalies in a very efficient manner. The article includes results from computer simulations testing the proposed approach against a standard energy‐detection algorithm for the unknown anomalies embedded in additive Gaussian white noise. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Molecular recognition of a model globular protein apomyoglobin by synthetic receptor cyclodextrin: effect of fluorescence modification of the protein and cavity size of the receptor in the interaction

Labelling of proteins with some extrinsic probe is unavoidable in molecular biology research. Particularly, spectroscopic studies in the optical region require fluorescence modification of native proteins by attaching polycyclic aromatic fluoroprobe with the proteins under investigation. Our present study aims to address the consequence of the attachment of a fluoroprobe at the protein surface in the molecular recognition of the protein by selectively small model receptor. A spectroscopic study involving apomyoglobin (Apo‐Mb) and cyclodextrin (CyD) of various cavity sizes as model globular protein and synthetic receptors, respectively, using steady‐state and picosecond‐resolved techniques, is detailed here. A study involving Förster resonance energy transfer, between intrinsic amino acid tryptophan (donor) and N, N‐dimethyl naphthalene moiety of the extrinsic dansyl probes at the surface of Apo‐Mb, precisely monitor changes in donor acceptor distance as a consequence of interaction of the protein with CyD having different cavity sizes (β and γ variety). Molecular modelling studies on the interaction of tryptophan and dansyl probe with β‐CyD is reported here and found to be consistent with the experimental observations. In order to investigate structural aspects of the interacting protein, we have used circular dichroism spectroscopy. Temperature‐dependent circular dichroism studies explore the change in the secondary structure of Apo‐Mb in association with CyD, before and after fluorescence modification of the protein. Overall, the study well exemplifies approaches to protein recognition by CyD as a synthetic receptor and offers a cautionary note on the use of hydrophobic fluorescent labels for proteins in biochemical studies involving recognition of molecules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use and Effects of Silver Nitrate in Dentistry

Abstarct : In this study, we will talk on indended use of silver nitrate solution which has been used in various medical treatments for many years, being exposed to silver nitrate solution especially during preparation of a scientific study materials and the changes occuring in epidermis. The silver nitrate is the third element used after gold and copper. The silver nitrate is used in various fields; for gingivitis, oral hygiene, to clear up
Magnesium and Affective Disorders

Abstract There are several findings on the action of magnesium ions supporting their possible therapeutic potential in affective disorders. Examinations of the sleep-electroencephalogram (EEG) and of endocrine systems point to the involvement of the limbic-hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis as magnesium affects all elements of this system. Magnesium has the property to suppress hippocampal kindling, to reduce the release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and to affect adrenocortical sensitivity to ACTH. The role of magnesium in the central nervous system could be mediated via the N-methyl-d-aspartate-antagonistic, γ-aminobutyric acidA-agonistic or a angiotensin II-antagonistic property of this ion. A direct impact of magnesium on the function of the transport protein p-glycoprotein at the level of the blood-brain barrier has also been demonstrated, possibly influencing the access of corticosteroids to the brain. Furthermore, magnesium dampens the calciumion-proteinkinase C related neurotransmission and stimulates the Na-K-ATPase. All these systems have been reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Despite the antagonism of lithium to magnesium in some cell-based experimental systems, similarities exist on the functional level, i.e. with respect to kindling, sleep-EEG and endocrine effects. Controlled clinical trials examining the effect of Mg in affective disorder are warranted.
Role of Personnel Planning in Business Continuity Management

— Business continuity management (BCM) identifies potential external and internal threats to an organization and their impacts to business operations. The goal of the article is to identify, based on the analysis of employee turnover in organizations in the Czech Republic, the role of personnel planning in BCM. The article is organized as follows. The first part of the article concentrates on the theoretical background of the topic. The second part of the article is dedicated to the evaluation of the outcomes of the survey conducted (questionnaire survey), focusing on the analysis of employee turnover in organizations in the Czech Republic. The final part of the article underlines the role of personnel planning in BCM, since poor planning of staff needs in an organization can represent a future threat for business continuity ensuring.
Le rapport à l’eau et à la terre dans la construction de territoires multisitués : le cas palestinien

La notion de territoire multisitue est utilisee pour comprendre l’evolution des interactions sociales au sujet de l’espace et des ressources. En explorant les relations qu’entretiennent les acteurs sociaux au sujet de la terre et de l’eau, on reconstitue les territoires vecus. Ceci revele les liens fonctionnels reliant des espaces a premiere vue consideres comme disperses et les dimensions le long desquelles ces espaces non contigus forment un seul territoire. On comprend alors les evolutions differentes, parfois antagonistes, de territoires multisitues par rapport a d’autres au sein desquels ils sont pourtant imbriques. La fragmentation extreme de la Cisjordanie montre l’utilite de cette methode.
Early Home Literacy of Roma Children in Bulgaria (1)

In Bulgaria vive quasi un milione di Rom, la cui maggioranza risiede in accampamenti alla periferia dei centri abitati. Spesso e presente una scuola governativa, ma si tratta di strutture isolate e frequentate soltanto da allievi di origine Rom. Durante il cambio di regime, diversi genitori hanno perso il lavoro, sono in maggioranza giovani e non riescono a trovare altro impiego per diverse regioni (discriminazione, ecc.). I loro figli non possono andare all’asilo, a causa del costo. Ma i bambini rom che non vengono scolarizzati in tenera eta non sanno il Bulgaro, lingua ufficiale del Paese, e al momento del loro ingresso alla scuola elementare faticano nell’apprendimento della lettura in Bulgaro. Dati questa situazione, e il fatto che molti genitori vorrebbero preparare i loro figli all’ingresso nella scuola primaria, in due cittadine ha visto la luce uno studio sperimentale. Questo articolo e un rendiconto dei risultati.
An AIDS Risk Reduction Program for Dutch Drug Users: An Intervention Mapping Approach to Planning

This article presents the development of a theory- and evidence-based AIDS prevention program targeting Dutch drug users and aimed at promoting condom use. The emphasis is on the development of the program using a five-step intervention development protocol called intervention mapping (IM). Preceding Step 1 of the IM process, an assessment of the HIV problem among drug users was conducted. The product of IM Step 1 was a series of program objectives specifying what drug users should learn in order to use condoms consistently. In Step 2, theoretical methods for influencing the most important determinants were chosen and translated into practical strategies that fit the program objectives. The main strategy chosen was behavioral journalism. In Step 3, leaflets with role-model stories based on authentic interviews with drug users were developed and pilot tested. Finally, the need for cooperation with program users is discussed in IM Steps 4 and 5.
Theory of coherent phonon oscillations in semiconductors.

Recent experiments1–6 have shown that ultrafast optical excitation of semiconductors can produce oscillating changes in the optical properties of the material. The frequency of the oscillations in transmission or reflection always matches one of the optical phonon modes, which indicates that the phonon mode becomes coherently excited. This phenomenon has been observed in GaAs,1,2 Ge,3 as well as in a variety of other less common materials.4,5 Very recently, Dekorsy and co-workers7 have also observed terahertz radiation from coherent phonons in Te.
Syntopic frogs reveal different patterns of interaction with the landscape: A comparative landscape genetic study of Pelophylax nigromaculatus and Fejervarya limnocharis from central China

Abstract Amphibians are often considered excellent environmental indicator species. Natural and man‐made landscape features are known to form effective genetic barriers to amphibian populations; however, amphibians with different characteristics may have different species–landscape interaction patterns. We conducted a comparative landscape genetic analysis of two closely related syntopic frog species from central China, Pelophylax nigromaculatus (PN) and Fejervarya limnocharis (FL). These two species differ in several key life history traits; PN has a larger body size and larger clutch size, and reaches sexual maturity later than FL. Microsatellite DNA data were collected and analyzed using conventional (F ST, isolation by distance (IBD), AMOVA) and recently developed (Bayesian assignment test, isolation by resistance) landscape genetic methods. As predicted, a higher level of population structure in FL (F ST′ = 0.401) than in PN (F ST′ = 0.354) was detected, in addition to FL displaying strong IBD patterns (r = .861) unlike PN (r = .073). A general north–south break in FL populations was detected, consistent with the IBD pattern, while PN exhibited clustering of northern‐ and southern‐most populations, suggestive of altered dispersal patterns. Species‐specific resistant landscape features were also identified, with roads and land cover the main cause of resistance to FL, and elevation the main influence on PN. These different species–landscape interactions can be explained mostly by their life history traits, revealing that closely related and ecologically similar species have different responses to the same landscape features. Comparative landscape genetic studies are important in detecting such differences and refining generalizations about amphibians in monitoring environmental changes.