Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Astrocytic Tumors: Correlation to Peritumoral Brain Edema and Microvasculature.

bjectives:It has been known that vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), as an endothelial cell-specific mitogen, induces angiogenesis, and possesses vascular permeability and procoagulant properties. Peritumoral brain edema(PTBE) is a common accompaniment of malignant gliomas. It results from microvascular extravasation of plasma and proteins through the interendothelial spaces. The correlation between pathological grading, PTBE, neovascularization, and the expression of VEGF were analyzed in 31 patients with astrocytic tumors. Methods:Astrocytic tumor samples(8 astrocytomas, 14 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 9 glioblastomas) from 31 patients(21 males and 10 females:average age 37±24 years) who underwent surgery were examined retrospectively for the expression of VEGF and CD31(microvasculature) immunohistochemically. The extent of PTBE was examined by using preoperative CT or MRI as an edema index(EI). In addition to VEGF and CD31, several causative factors including tumor size, histologic type were compared with EI. Results:Only one of 8 astrocytomas, and majority of high grade(21 of 23 anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas) tumors demonstrated PTBE(p<0.05). The majority of high grade tumors showed higher expression of VEGF (p<0.01). High grade tumors showed even higher CD31 expression(p<0.05), however, there was no close correlation between expression of VEGF and CD31. The EI was increased significantly, just as VEGF(p<0.01), but CD31 expression was not correlated with high EI. Conclusion:These data suggest that VEGF expression is closely correlated with PTBE and histological grading in astrocytic tumors. Microvasculature(CD31) in tumors is highly correlated with histological grading, however, shows no correlation with the expression of VEGF and PTBE.
Impact of Corporate Governance on Firm Performance: Evidence from Indian Leading Companies

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate governance variables on the company performance of Indian leading companies. The data were gathered from the f inancial reports of India leading companies for the period of f ive years (2012 2016). The effect of corporate governance variables (Chief Executive Off icer(CEO) duality, the board size, and the board independence) on company performance were plumbed by Return on Asset (ROA). The panel data of the study were analyzed by descriptive statistics(mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values), correlation, and regression analyses. The coeff icientsof correlationindicated that there is no multicollinearity problem of independent variables. The regression analysis is statistically not signif icant. The f indings showed that there is no epochal impact of corporate governance variables on the company performance of India leading companies in the sample.
Induction of Parturition Using Bromocriptine, Prosolvin, Dexamethasone in Iraqi Goats

Thirty six pregnant Iraqi goats at gestation period ranged from 143-145 days were used in this study. The animals were divided randomly into 4 groups according to type of treatment given, G1 (9goats) given a single dose of 2.5 mg /Kg B.W bromocriptine IM, G2 (11 goats) given a single dose of prosolvin (PGF2α) 7.5 mg IM, G3 (8 goats) given a single dose of 16 mg dexamethasone IM, G4 (8 goats) given a single injection of D.W. and used as control. Results of table (1) showed that the response to bromocriptine and prosolvin were 77.7% and 81.8% and both were significant at p<0.01compare to 62% of dexamethasone. The induction period was recorded as 2.17±1.54 days and 2.29±1.14 days to prosolvin and dexamethasone compared to 4.36 ±2.29 days and 4.50±1.10 days of bromocriptine and controls both were significant at p<0.01. Table (2) number of goats delivered twins in bromocriptine group and prosolvin group were 5\7 and 6\8, both were significant at p<0.01compared to dexamethasone group and controls which were 3\5 and 4\8. The number of dead kids in all groups was insignificant to lives. The number of goats suffered from retained fetal membranes and subsequent uterine infection were 2\7 in bromocriptine group, 3\8 in prosolvin group, 1 retained placenta and 2 uterine infections \5 in dexamethasone group and 0\8 in control group, with no significances recorded between the groups.
11 Das Flipped Lab als ICM-Adaption für naturwissenschaftliche Laborpraktika

Laboratories play an important role in the undergraduate science curriculum. The effectiveness of learning in laboratory courses depends strongly on student engagement in required pre-lab activities designed to provide them with the theoretical and technical background for being able to develop a deeper understanding of the practical experiments as well as to act adequately and independently in the actual lab situation, such that the development of higher level competences can occur. Through an adaption of the principles of inverted (or flipped) learning to the requirements of educational scientific laboratories, the focus of these courses shifts towards the pre-lab phase thereby reducing the cognitive load on students during actual lab time. Supporting pre-lab activities with engaging and task-specific visual and auditory information in an interactive multimedia learning environment helps students to adopt and process relevant information and to build pertinent pre-knowledge. A positive side effect is a generally increased student and teacher satisfaction with the learning experience in laboratory courses.
Arte als Pionier beim Aufbau einer europäischen Plattform

Seit geraumer Zeit wird in Europa die Idee einer europäischen Alternative, eines Gegengewichts zur Marktmacht amerikanischer Internetriesen, diskutiert. Gerade Plattformen und Streaminganbieter, die so groß sind, dass sie die Regeln bestimmen und weltweit die Verbreitung von Programmen maßgeblich mitgestalten, sind immer wieder Kritik ausgesetzt. Medienschaffende, die Politik – auf nationaler und europäischer Ebene – und die öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien debattieren regelmäßig zu diesem Thema. In einem Punkt sind sich dabei alle einig: Die derzeitige Dominanz US-amerikanischer Internetriesen hat ein Ausmaß erreicht, das auf Dauer nur Schaden anrichten kann. Der Vorstoß des BR-Intendanten und ARD-Vorsitzenden Ulrich Wilhelm, im Gegenzug eine europäische Plattform ins Leben zu rufen, welche die digitale Souveränität Europas gewährleisten soll, greift diese Kritik auf. Dieser Vorschlag stieß in Europa auf große Resonanz und bestätigt Europas ausdrücklichen Willen, der amerikanischen Dominanz auf dem Medienmarkt Paroli zu bieten. Diese Idee einer europäischen, technologischen und digitalen Souveränität zeigt deutlich, dass Handlungsbedarf besteht.
Heritability estimates of enteric methane emissions predicted from fatty acid profiles, and their relationships with milk composition, cheese-yield and body size and condition

Abstract In the present study we estimated the genetic parameters of enteric methane emissions (EME) traits predicted from milk fatty acid profile (FA) and those of their predictors in 1,091 Brown Swiss cows reared on 85 farms in order to assess the potential of using EME-related phenotypes in selective breeding. Univariate and bivariate genetic models were fitted in a Bayesian framework. The means of the marginal posterior distribution of intra-herd heritability ranged from 0.12 for estimated methane production (g/d/cow) to 0.24 for estimated methane yield (g/kg dry matter intake [DMI]), with intermediate values for estimated methane intensity, increasingly higher when expressed per kg of corrected milk (0.13), fresh cheese (0.16), or cheese solids (0.20). Regarding the correlations, the milk quality traits and percentage cheese yields were generally moderately correlated with the estimated EME traits, and were variable in terms of sign. Daily milk and cheese yield traits were, as expected, all highly positively correlated with estimated daily methane production. In contrast, they were negatively correlated with estimated methane yield and intensity, the estimates being large in the case of phenotypic and herd correlations, and low in the case of additive genetic and residual correlations. With the exception of the negative correlations with daily methane production, EME traits exhibited trivial correlations with body size and BCS of cows, which, in turn, were negatively correlated with milk yield. Although the results should be validated on a larger population and different breeds, our study demonstrate the presence of additive genetic variation of EME traits, which could be exploited in breeding programmes for the improvement in both milk production and the ecological footprint of dairy farming. Highlights Enteric methane emissions (EME) of dairy cows can be estimated on the basis of milk fatty acid profile. EME exhibited exploitable genetic variation. Genetic selection could be preferentially based on predicted methane intensity per kg of milk, or per kg of cheese in countries where milk production is used mainly for cheese-making.
Optimal reinsurance and investment in danger‐zone and safe‐region

This paper studies the optimal reinsurance‐investment problems for an insurance company where the claim process follows a Brownian motion with drift. It turns out that there is a region where the probability of drawdown, namely, the probability that the value of the insurer's surplus process reaches some fixed fractional value of its maximum value to date is positive. Then in the complementary region, drawdown can be avoided with certainty. For this reason, we call the former region the “danger‐zone” and “safe‐region” for the latter. In the danger‐zone, we consider the problem of minimizing the probability of drawdown; and in the safe‐region, we turn our attention to the optimization problem of minimizing the expected time to reach a given capital level. Using the technique of stochastic control theory and the corresponding Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equation, explicit expressions of the optimal reinsurance‐investment strategies and the associated value functions are derived for the two optimization problems. Moreover, we provide several detailed comparisons to investigate the impact of some important parameters on the optimal strategies and illustrate the observation from behavior finance of view.
P-132 Combined oncology & palliative care clinics; working in parallel

Background Early Specialist Palliative Care (SPC) introduced to patients with advanced lung cancer has recently been proven to enhance quality-of-life and improve survival.1 Combined Oncology and Palliative Care Clinics (COPCC) have been carried at Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust for over two decades, to enable patients to be reviewed by Palliative Care Consultants (PCC) whilst attending Oncology Outpatient review; enabling the two specialities to run in parallel to improve patient care. The aims of this project were to explore the types of patients seen and content of consultations. Methods A retrospective review of the current PCC consultation letter of 150 consecutive patients reviewed between 01/2016-06/2016. Data collected by three medical students. Results Of the 150 patients, 49% had on-going/planned palliative oncological options (POO), 20% optimal supportive/symptom control (SSC), 18% radical treatment and 13% treated with curative intent. 75% had stable disease, 23% deteriorating and 2% in their last month of life. The main focus of the consultation was symptom control (95%), followed by discussions around aims of palliative/oncological treatment (71%). For patients who were considered POO or SSC (n=104), 66% were referred/known to the community SPC nursing team. The median number of consultations per patient was 2.9, and patients were known to the service for up to 5 years and 2 months. Conclusion COPCCs appears to facilitate collaborative working between disciplines to enable optimal symptom control, information sharing and forward planning to patients attending oncology clinics. Unsurprisingly, PCC focus on symptom control and early referral to SPC services in the community. Many patients are seen when they are ‘stable’ suggesting the service is proactive in approach. COPCCs remove the need for a ‘referral’ to SPC, and allows patients to be seen who perhaps wouldn’t otherwise be referred to SPC. Reference 1. Temel JS,et al. Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. NEJM 2010;19:733–42.
Race, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Chronic Lung Disease in the U.S.

Background Higher socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as educational attainment and income reduce the risk of chronic lung diseases (CLDs) such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) refer to smaller health benefits of high SES for marginalized populations such as racial and ethnic minorities compared to the socially privileged groups such as non-Hispanic Whites. It is still unknown, however, if MDRs also apply to the effects of education and income on CLDs. Purpose Using a nationally representative sample, the current study explored racial and ethnic variation in the associations between educational attainment and income and CLDs among American adults. Methods In this study, we analyzed data (n = 25,659) from a nationally representative survey of American adults in 2013 and 2014. Wave one of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH)-Adult study was used. The independent variables were educational attainment (less than high school = 1, high school graduate = 2, and college graduate =3) and income (living out of poverty =1, living in poverty = 0). The dependent variable was any CLDs (i.e., COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma). Age, gender, employment, and region were the covariates. Race and ethnicity were the moderators. Logistic regressions were fitted to analyze the data. Results Individuals with higher educational attainment and those with higher income (who lived out of poverty) had lower odds of CLDs. Race and ethnicity showed statistically significant interactions with educational attainment and income, suggesting that the protective effects of high education and income on reducing odds of CLDs were smaller for Blacks and Hispanics than for non-Hispanic Whites. Conclusions Education and income better reduce the risk of CLDs among Whites than Hispanics and Blacks. That means we should expect disproportionately higher than expected risk of CLDs in Hispanics and Blacks with high SES. Future research should test if high levels of environmental risk factors contribute to the high risk of CLDs in high income and highly educated Black and Hispanic Americans. Policy makers should not reduce health inequalities to SES gaps because disparities sustain across SES levels, with high SES Blacks and Hispanics remaining at risk of health problems.
Consumers’ knowledge and attitude towards Chinese herbal tea and consumption of Chinese herbal tea in selected district in Kedah

Interest in botanical remedies has attracted growing attention in Chinese herbal teas among industry, scientists and consumers. A survey was conducted among 203 respondents recruited from several Chinese herbal shops in a selected town in Kedah. Data were subjected to obtain descriptive statistics and inferential tests. The results showed that more than half of consumers have moderate knowledge level and almost positive attitude towards Chinese herbal tea. Consumers of different races have a significant difference in knowledge score towards Chinese herbal tea. In addition, consumers’ attitude between different age groups was also found to be different. Consumers’ gender, race, age, marital status, and employment status were associated with their Chinese herbal tea consumption. This study revealed public’ understanding towards knowledge, attitude and consumption towards Chinese herbal tea. It is anticipated that these findings may benefit authorities in policies and regulations development and convey correct information and useful knowledge for the public as well as Chinese herbal tea traders for strategic marketing to meet consumers’ demand.
Reliability assessment for products with two performance characteristics based on marginal stochastic processes and copulas

Abstract Many highly reliable products (systems) usually have multiple dependent degradation processes because of their complex structure. Therefore, it is important to investigate the multivariate degradation models along with the reliability assessment in the stochastic modeling. This article proposes a framework for bivariate degradation modeling based on hybrid stochastic processes for products with two performance characteristics (PCs), the dependence of which is captured by copula functions. Considering heterogeneities among product units, different random effects are introduced in marginal stochastic processes. Then two classes of reliability functions based on joint posterior distributions are derived. In addition, a simulation study indicates that the holistic Bayesian parameter estimation method is better than the two-step Bayesian parameter estimation method. Finally, this article concludes with a case application to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
An investigation of stress experienced by caregivers of children with intellectual disability in a Western Cape Province population

3 Declaration . 5 Acknowledgements . 6 List of abbreviations . 7 List of tables . 8 Chapter One . 9 Introduction . 9 Literature Review . 10 Chapter Two . 22 Methods . 22 Study Design. 22 Study Participants . 22 Measures . 23 Statistical Analysis . 26 Ethical Considerations. 26 Chapter Three . 28 Results . 28 Chapter Four . 40 Discussion. 40 Conclusion . 47 References . 48 Appendices . 52 Appendix A: Questionnaires . 52 Demographic Questionnaire . 52 Aberrant Behaviour Checklist . 57 Parent Stress Index-Short Form . 60 Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale . 64 Appendix B: Consent Form . 66 Appendix C: Ethics Approval . 68 Appendix D: RCWMCH Approval . 70
How perspective-based aggregation undermines the Pareto principle

The Pareto principle is a normative principle about preferences that advocates concordance with unanimous preference. However, people have perspectives not just preferences. Evaluating preferences requires that we understand the reasons that people have for them and the overall perspectives from which they arise. Philippe Mongin has argued that the Pareto principle loses its normative force when different people hold their preferences for different reasons so that we must take reasons into account. This article advocates that we take people’s broader perspectives into account. I argue that when people form their preferences by aggregating a collection of criteria, then taking these criteria directly into account and considering the broader perspectives and principles held by people will naturally lead to violations of the Pareto principle.
Research on safety helmet wearing YOLO-V3 detection technology improvement in mine environment

The existing AI object detection technology cannot meet the demand of safety helmet wearing detection accuracy in mine environment. This paper studies YOLO correlation algorithm, establishing an optimal model based on YOLO-V3, combines the deep residual network technology with the multi-scale convolution feature based on the YOLO-V3 detection algorithm, combines the multi-scale detection training and adjusts the loss function in the training process. The experimental results show that with satisfying the detection speed, safety helmet wearing detection accuracy in mine environment is significantly improved.
Switching frequency variation based on current ripple analysis of a 3‐L PMSM drive system considering neutral point balance

The output current ripple of the three-level (3-L) inverter is important to the performance of the 3-L permanent magnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, but the neutral point (NP) balance for the 3-L T-type inverter is not considered in the analysis of current ripple up to this point. The NP balance algorithms change the current ripple distribution and it is necessary to develop novel methods for current ripple analysis. In this study, the sinusoidal pulse width modulation with zero-order voltage injection and virtual space vector PWM (VSV-PWM) are utilised to balance the NP potential of the 3-L inverter in the PMSM drive system. The analytical methods of current ripple under these two modulation methods are proposed and the effects of these two NP balance methods on the output current ripple are investigated, respectively. Based on the analysis of current ripple, two variable switching frequency PWM (VSF-PWM) methods considering the NP balance are proposed. The proposed VSF-PWM methods can not only reduce the switching loss but also suppress the electro-magnetic interference noise while keeping the NP potential balanced. Especially, the proposed variable switching frequency VSV-PWM (VSF-VSV-PWM) can effectively alleviate the intrinsic problem of high switching loss of VSV-PWM.
Effect of Different Preservative Solutions on Post-Harvest Life of Cut Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. “Blush”

Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) belongs to the family Rosaceae under which comes more than 150 species and 1400 cultivars (Synge, 1971; Elgimabi, 2011). Rose ranks first among the cut flowers both in the Indian domestic as well as international markets. Cut roses are symbol International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Resolution of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction with conservative management

Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the commonly encountered congenital anomaly in pediatric population occurring in as many as 30% of new borns. Conservative management of such condition with topical antibiotics and properly performed massage of the nasolacrimal sac is appropriate treatment during the first few months of age. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of resolution of nasolacrimal duct obstruction with conservative management in infants up to 10 months of age. A total of 181 infants of age up to 10 months old with the diagnosis of Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction were advised nasolacrimal duct massage with or without the prescription of topical antibiotics. Resolution of nasolacrimal duct obstruction was assessed at 3 month and 6 month and was defined as the absence of all clinical signs of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. At the 6-month examination, 163 eyes (83%) of 181 children showed resolution with conservative management. The overall success rate of Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction with conservative management was high and this form of management can be considered as one of the best options in infants.
Utilizing Patient Outcome Criteria to Measure the Effects of a Medication Teaching Regimen

Evaluating the effects of nursing care has become one of the greatest challenges to be faced by nurse researchers, practitioners and educators. The nursing profession, like the medical profession and other health care disciplines, has operationalized Donabedian's (1966) evaluation framework of structure, process and outcome. However, there is considerable debate among the experts as to whether evaluation should be process focused or outcome focused. At present, there is an emphasis in nursing to evaluate care within the "outcome" framework (Aydelotte, 1976:61; Zimmer, 1974:92). Bloch (1975:258) pointed out that outcome evaluation should not occur in isolation from process evaluation. Accordingly, she stated that "when process is not also examined one cannot know what caused the favorable or unfavorable outcomes. Clearly the process related to outcome type evaluation should be an ultimate goal of nursing care evaluation. " Outcome evaluation associated with process evaluation serves as a sensible approach for validating the effects of nursing process or actions. Such an approach brings into clearer focus the