Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rotor-Stator and Disc Systems for Emulsification Processes

Emulsions now find a wide range of applications in industry and daily life. In the pharmaceutical industry lipophilic active ingredients as well as many nutritional products such as vitamins are often formulated in the dispersed phase of oil-in-water emulsions. Emulsions can be produced with different mechanical emulsification techniques. In the following review, the process of rotor-stator systems and disc systems are compared to other popular mechanical emulsification systems. On the basis of experimental results from the authors' laboratory, a discontinuous gear-rim dispersing system, discontinuous disc system, and a continuous high pressure system are compared with regard to their attainable mean droplet diameter and drop size distribution in an oil-in-water emulsion. It can be shown that dissolver discs with a very simple geometry attain very small mean droplet diameters and a very narrow droplet size distribution, comparable to the emulsions obtained with established rotor-stator systems such as gear-rim dispersers.
MHD natural convective flow of nanofluids past stationary and moving inclined porous plate considering temperature and concentration gradients with suction

Purpose This paper aims to focus on the mathematical modeling of magnetohydrodynamic natural convective boundary layer flow of nanofluids past a stationary and moving inclined porous plate considering temperature and concentration gradients with suction effects. Design/methodology/approach The transformed non-dimensional and coupled governing partial differential equations are solved numerically using the finite element method. Findings The obtained numerical results for physical governing parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration distributions are exemplified graphically and presented quantitatively. The boundary layer thickness increased with the increasing values of Soret, Dufour and Grashof numbers, while the thickness of boundary layer decreased with increasing values of suction for both stationary and moving plate cases. The primary and secondary velocity profiles are decreasing with an angle of inclination for moving plate and inclination has no significant effect for the stationary plate. An increase of the Soret number and Dufour number tend to increase the heat and mass transfer, while an increase of suction reduces the heat and mass transfer. Originality/value The problem is an important contribution to the field of nanofluid science and technology and is relevant to high temperature rotating chemical engineering systems exploiting magnetized nanofluids. This study is relatively original in nanofluids.
COVID-19 conspiracy theories

Conspiracy theories started to appear on social media immediately after the first news about COVID-19. Is the virus a hoax? Is it a bioweapon designed in a Chinese laboratory? These conspiracy theories typically have an intergroup flavour, blaming one group for having some involvement in either manufacturing the virus or controlling public opinion about it. In this article, I will discuss why people are attracted to conspiracy theories in general, and why conspiracy theories seem to have flourished during the pandemic. I will discuss what the consequences of these conspiracy theories are for individuals, groups, and societies. I will then discuss some potential strategies for addressing the negative consequences of conspiracy theories. Finally, I will consider some open questions for research regarding COVID-19 conspiracy theories, in particular focusing on the potential impact of these conspiracy theories for group processes and intergroup relations.
Floor-Volleyball Motion Feedback System for Visually Impaired Players

Floor-volleyball is one of the common sports for visually impaired people, including the blind in Japan. Its history started from the 1960s and most of young students in the special schools for the blind have experience of this sport in a class of physical education or a club activity. However, there is not an appropriate way to recognize motions of players by their own, because of their visual impairments. Therefore, sensing the motion of the Floor-volleyball player and developing a tactile device which shows the motion was carried out in this research. Using a three-dimensional motion capture system, four visually impaired players’ data were collected and analyzed. The results showed that each player has each character of the motion. The significant difference was observed in the back-swing speed. To display the difference to the blind players, a small wireless tactile display device was successfully developed. It equips 384 refreshable tactile pins which are arranged in 36 by 12. These pins are driven by piezo actuators same as the common braille display. The main feature of the device is that the controller equips ESP-WROOM-02 Wi-Fi module and AAA batteries. The device is perfectly wireless and suitable for the physical education field.
Development of the Localized Road Damage Detection Model Using Deep Neural Network

Many municipalities and local road authorities seek to implement automated evaluation of road damage. However, they often lack technology, know-how, and funds to afford state-of-the-art data collection equipment for collection and analysis of road deficiencies. The paper describes the development of a localized road damage detection model using the transfer learning method and assessment of its usability for training the detection model from a local road image dataset of a limited size. Localized road damage dataset is created by capturing 3,923 Czech and Slovak road images containing 5,072 instances of detected road damage using a smartphone installed on the vehicle's windshield. Then, a supervised neural network was trained using the road damage dataset labeled by experts. A pre-trained MobileNet model developed by the University of Tokyo and transfer learning method were employed to accelerate the training process and to improve the model's performance when a relatively small, localized dataset is used. Finally, the performance of the developed road damage detection model was analyzed. The results show that it is possible to capture road damage into preset classes with accuracy based on the F1-score ranging between 45% and 98%. Further improvement in the detection rate can be achieved by increasing the training dataset size. The developed road damage detection model is publicly available on https://github.com/amraz39/RoadDamage DetectorCZ and it shows the high potential of employing deep neural networks in the detection of road damage by local road agencies.
Sustainable economic growth in Vietnam: challenges and opportunities of the coronavirus pandemic

The article represents the experience of Vietnam in the fight against coronavirus and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the country's economy. Historical and logical methods are applied to examine the spread of coronavirus in Vietnam and the government's response to the pandemic. The approach used by the authors us based on the sustainable development concept and distinguishing the concepts of sustainable economic growth and sustainable economic development. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the reasons to allowed Vietnam's quick taking control over the epidemic situation in the country. Based on the materials of international organisations and data from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, the impact of the pandemic on industry is estimated in terms of its structure. The important roles of the national innovation system and the achievements in digital transformation are revealed in the fight against coronavirus. The opportunities and chanllenges for Vietnam to achieve sustainable economic growth and to join the group of new industrial countries after the coronavirus pandemic are proven on the basis of the Vietnam Research Institute's of the Bank for Investment and Development data and of the World Monetary Fund's forecasts about the prospects of Vietnam's economic growth. By comparison of industrial production for the first six months of 2020 and for the similar period of 2019 the limitations in the development of manufacturing industry are disclosed. The conclusions are made about the resistance of Vietnamese economy and its growth opportunity during and after the coronavirus pandemic. The results of the investigation may be used by researchers studying the problems of economic development and by policy-makers involved in economic planning of developing countries.
Model for uptake of xenobiotics into plants: Validation with bromacil experiments

This paper documents a conceptual model for the uptake of anthropogenic organic chemicals into plants. The model describes the dynamic uptake from soil, solution, or atmosphere, and the metabolism and accumulation of xenobiotic chemicals in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits. The goal was to develop an easy and rapid tool that would be numerically stable and require only a few well-known input data. The model is applicable to different plant species and most (nondissociating) organic chemicals. Processes considered are (a) diffusive exchange, soil/roots, and air/leaves; (b) mass flows in xylem and phloem; and (c) metabolism. The model is tested with laboratory studies on the uptake of the herbicide bromacil under various controlled conditions. No adjustments to the parameter values were required for successful simulations.
Mechanisms of ultrafast refractive index change in organic system

The elementary processes contributing to the ultrafast change of refractive index were studied for organic molecular system. The ultrafast change was measured by optical heterodyne detected optical Kerr effect with femtosecond laser pulses. The observed responses were separated into the electronic and nuclear nonlinearities by an analytical method based on the Fourier transform. Second hyperpolarizability γ was determined from the separated electronic contribution, and is discussed in terms of the structure-property relationship for four thiophene homologues. The γ value was found to increase systematically, which is explained with change of the energy levels of the excited states affected by the hetero atom in their aromatic rings. The structure-property relationship of the nuclear nonlinearity was also discussed for CS2 and CCl4. Their pulse width dependences of the nonlinear optical response were demonstrated, which brings the problems of CS2 as a standard material of femtosecond χ(3) measurement to light. Also accumulated thermal effect, which can be a measurement artifact, is demonstrated for femtosecond closed-aperture Z-scan measurements of dye solution. The thermal effect was found to appear at the laser repetition rate as low as 1 kHz and gave apparent large nonlinearity with negative sign.
Characterisation and biodegradation of settleable organic matter for domestic wastewater

Biodegradation of settled COD is studied by evaluating the associated OUR profile obtained in an aerated batch reactor. Hydrolysis was selected, as in current modelling, as the rate-limiting step for O 2 consumption. Settled COD was found to incorporate a significant fraction of active biomass that needs to be accounted for in the evaluation. The analysis of the OUR profile yielded a significantly slower hydrolysis mechanism for settled COD, compared to its soluble slowly biodegradable counterpart.
Technical Report on Climate Change Technology R&D Portfolio Decision Making Under Uncertainty

In this project we developed an approach for incorporating uncertainty in the outcomes of technical change into climate change policy analysis. We combine expert elicitations and economic modeling to analyze the potential for Research and Development (R&D) into a range of energy technologies to impact climate change. Specifically, we developed probability distributions over Marginal Abatement Cost curves, conditional on U.S. government technology funding trajectories. As part of this project we produced a literature review on how uncertainty in endogenous technical change has been implemented in climate policy models [7]. The project had three main parts. Figure 1 illustrates the structure of the project; the actions placed within the box are part of the project; the actions outside the box are future applications of the outputs of this project. The first step of the project was collecting probabilistic data on a range of energy technologies through expert elicitations. The products of the elicitations include explicit definitions of endpoints for each technology, and probabilities of achieving those endpoints for given funding trajectories. The next step was to determine how the technologies would impact the abatement cost curve, if they achieve the defined endpoints. For this step we use MiniCAM, a technologically detailed integrated assessment model (IAM), to determine the impact of each technology on the Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MAC). We then parameterize each technology’s impact on the MAC. Finally, we combine the probabilities with the impacts on the MAC to derive multiple representations of the probabilistic impacts of R&D. As shown in Figure 1, these can then be combined with probability distributions over climate damages in technology policy models. We focused on a selection of technologies from the electricity and transportation sectors. Within the electricity sector we have analyzed solar photovoltaics, nuclear power, carbon capture and storage (CCS), electricity from bio-mass (bio-electricity), and wind and solar grid integration. In the transportation sector we have analyzed batteries for electric and hybrid electric vehicles and liquid bio-fuels. The rest of the report is organized as follows. Section 2 describes our methods; Section 3 describes the main findings; Section 4 describes key lessons learned; and Section 5 briefly summarizes.
Multiple pregnancy: the biggest risk factor of low birth weight in Central Java, Indonesia (2017 IDHS secondary data study)

Background: In Indonesia,7% of babies are born with birth weights <2500 g. Several risk factors influence the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). The results of Basic Health Research 2018 show that 6.1% of babies are born with LBW in Central Java.Aim: To analyze the relationship of a mother’s socio-demographic factors, childbirth characteristics, and family economic status with the incidence of LBW in Central Java.Settings and Design: This research was an analytical study and used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey.The sampling design used stratified two-stage sampling. Data collection by interview used four types of questionnaires related to the following: household, women of reproductive age, married men, and male adolescents. Methods and Material: The sample comprised 1059 of 17,848 babies born in Indonesia. The mother’s socio-demographic factors (age at childbirth, education level, place of residence, and employment status), childbirth characteristics (birth order number, birth spacing, sex of the baby, and multiple pregnancy status), and family economic status were independent variables, and the incidence of LBW was the dependent variable.Statistical Analysis Used: Data analysis was performed by univariate and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis used cross-table analysis and chi-square statistical analysis.Results: In all,93.4% of babies born had normal birth weight. There was no relationship between age at delivery, education level, place of residence, employment status, birth order number, birth spacing, baby’s sex, and family economic status. Multiple pregnancy status washe single risk factor associated with the incidence of LBW in Central Java (p value = 0.0001; α = 0.05; PR = 16.952; 95% CI = 13.315–21.581). Conclusions: The incidence of LBW in Central Java was related to multiple pregnancies.
Generative Modeling of NAND Flash Memory Voltage Level

—Program and erase cycling (P/E cycling) data is used to characterize ﬂash memory channels and support realistic performance simulation of error-correcting codes (ECCs). However, these applications require a massive amount of data, and collecting the data takes a lot of time. To generate a large amount of NAND ﬂash memory voltage levels using a relatively small amount of measured data, we propose a voltage level generator based on Time-Dependent Generative Moments Matching Network (TD-GMMN). This model can generate authentic voltage level distributions over a range of possible P/E cycles for a speciﬁed program level based on known voltage level distributions. Experimental results based on data generated by a mathematical MLC NAND ﬂash memory voltage level generator demonstrate the model’s effectiveness.
Investigating patterns of saccadic eye movement when using Microsoft’s Skype Translator between Catalan and German

This paper investigates the patterns of saccadic eye movement when using Microsoft’s Skype Translator between Catalan and German. As being part of an over-all evaluation of the Skype Translator on a dialogue-oriented level, a case study on 21 German-speaking participants was conducted. Despite not having any proficiency in Catalan, these participants had to text-chat with Catalan native speakers via Skype, while the Skype Translator was activated. The sessions were observed by an eye tracking system. The collected data thus represents a naturalistic starting point to evaluate how users structure computer-mediated communication situations when real-time machine translation is involved while having to rely on that output.
The feasibility of rejuvenating Macau’s cultural tourism

Macau, a former Portuguese colony, is a small and crowded city, located at the south-east coast of China with population of 646,800 within 30.4 km2 and has the highest population density in the world, 21,100 people per km2. In 2014, it received over 31.5 million tourists. In theory, cultural heritage should be key drivers in the process of destination decision making due to Macau’s rich history and diversity of cultures even before the success of inscription of the Historic Centre of Macau on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2005. However, the author found out from literature that the perceived destination image inclined to be “the place to gamble”, so it is not necessarily true that visitors came for cultural heritage. In fact, in addition to the image created by Macau’s world renowned gaming industry, which takes up almost two-third of its industrial structure, there are more obstacles against the effort to rejuvenate Macau’s cultural tourism, e.g., decision making of coach itinerary driven by commission-based business model, information filter of tour guides when introducing sites, communication ineffectiveness at tourist centres, and limitation of visiting time. Even though Macau Government Tourist Office, the destination marketing organization of Macau, has been endeavouring to diverse Macau’s image as a “World Centre of Tourism and Leisure”, this notion is not generally perceived by either visitors or residents and it does not seem to be changing in the near future. As a tour guide in Macau, the author is concerned with not only the trivialization of cultural heritage brought by destination image, but also the “right to the city” of residents. Therefore, the author proposes ways such as the expansion of backpacker markets, improving web markers on travelling websites, and social media, raising local awareness of cultural heritage by holding activities, etc., to rejuvenate Macau’s cultural tourism.
Yersiniosis in Oreochromis niloticus; Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunological Response to Ascorbic Acid and Difloxacine

Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is of the most commercial fish species in Egypt and worldwide (Suresh, 2003). Despite the obstacles facing its production, but it is still considered the best native source of animal protein, which contributes to bridging the gap per capita. Disease outbreaks have been a major limitation to the dilation of aquaculture which has a significant action on the economic development in many countries (Aly, 2009; Abdel-Aziz et al., 2020; Van Doan et al., 2020; Xia et al., 2020). ABSTRACT Yersiniosis is a significant disease of economic importance in salmonids and non-salmonid fishes. However, few studies have investigated the pathogenesis, preventive, and treatment measures for this bacterial pathogen. Thus, the pathogenesis of Yersinia ruckeri in cultured Oreochromis niloticus in different localities was investigated throughout 2019. Besides, two experiments were conducted, the first feeding experiment based upon dietary supplementation by Ascorbic Acid and Difloxacine. In the second experiment, the supplemented fish groups were challenged by pathogenic Y. ruckeri strains, treated by Difloxacine, then the hematological, and immunological assays were analyzed. The supplemented fish groups by Ascorbic Acid and Difloxacine showed an increase in serum lysozyme, NO and SOD concentrations, phagocytic activity, and Interleukin IL-2 and IL-10 levels. The challenged fish by Y. ruckeri reported significant disturbances in transferases activities (ALT and AST), urea, total protein, and albumin concentrations. Moreover, RBC, Hb, PCV, nitroblue tetrazolium, lysozyme, NO and SOD concentrations, and Phagocytic activity were declined, with elevated interleukins level compared to the control. Thus, Ascorbic Acid supplementation and Difloxacine dosing could enhance the immune response, improve health status, and curtail the increased emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. ARTICLE INFO
HMMU: A Hardware-based Hybrid Memory Management Unit

The demand for memory capacity increases dramatically for mobile applications. Mobile device manufacturer rapidly expanded the DRAM size, catering to such demand. For example, the DRAM capacity of the flagship phones from the Samsung Galaxy S series have expanded by 16X over the past ten years. While this approach has been largely successful to date, the size of DRAM is constrained by both cost/economics and energy consumption. Unlike data centers, mobile devices are highly cost-sensitive and have a highly limited energy budget. Moreover, the DRAM technology has a substantial background power, constantly consuming energy even in idle due to its periodic refresh requirement, which scales with DRAM capacity. Therefore, the approach of provisioning more DRAM is not sustainable and hard limits will soon be hit on the scaling of the future mobile memory system. The emergence of several Non-Volatile-Memory (NVM) technologies, such as Intel 3D Xpoint, memristor, Phase-change-memory(PCM), provides a new avenue to address this growing problem. These new memory devices promise an order of magnitude higher density [2] per cost and lower static power consumption than traditional DRAM technologies, however, their access delay is significantly higher, typically also within one order of magnitude of DRAM. Further, these new technologies show significant overheads associated with writes and are nonvolatile. Thus, these emerging memory technologies present a unique opportunity to address the problems of growing application workload footprints with hybrid memory systems composed of both DRAM and emerging NVM memories.