Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effects of phytoadditives in broiler nutrition

During the past fifteen years, phytoadditives in animal nutrition have attracted attention for their potential role as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. The goal of this paper is to review the current scientific data on the use of phytoadditives in broiler nutrition. The efficacy of phytogenic applications in broiler nutrition depends on several factors, such as composition and feed inclusion level of phytogenic preparations, bird genetics, and overall diet composition. Difficulty arises when comparing different studies using phytoadditives due to the large variation in composition and sourcing, thus the potential biological effects of phytogenic compounds may differ. However, a great amount of research data supports a potential role of phytoadditives as natural, non-antibiotic growth promoters in broiler nutrition. The mechanisms behind growth promotion are far from being elucidated, as data on phytoadditive effects on nutrient digestibility, gut function and the immune system are still scarce. Phytogenic intake may certainly depress pathogen growth in the gut, however an understanding of their effects on the complex gut ecosystem is still far from clear. There is insufficient amount of studies describing the effects of phytoadditive dietary intake on carcass meat safety, whereas the beneficial effect of phytogenics on carcass meat quality is very well documented. As the last point of this review, further considerations on the efficient applications of phytoadditive compounds in broiler nutrition are given.
Comparison of growth, nutrition and soil properties of pure and mixed stands of Populus deltoides and Alnus subcordata.

Concerns about decline in soil fertility and long-term productivity of fast-growing plantations have promoted interest in using nitrogen-fixing trees in mixed species plantations. Populus deltoides and Alnus subcordata were planted in five proportions (100P, 67P:33A, 50P:50A, 33P:67A, 100A) in Noor, Iran. After 7 years, the effects of species interactions on tree growth and nutrient concentration in live and senescent leaves and soil properties were assessed. Diameter at breast height and total height of individual Populus trees were positively affected by the presence of Alnus. Nitrogen concentrations in fully expanded and senescent leaves of Populus were higher in mixed plantations than monoculture plantations. The results of nutrition and nutrient return and growth indicated that mixed plantations of these two species were more productive and sustainable than their monoculture plantations. Within the framework of this experiment, it appeared that production was maximized when these two species were grown together in the relative proportions of 50% Populus and 50% Alnus.
Dyslipidemia in HIV infection

Metabolic complications and adverse cardiovascular events are emerging comorbidities afflicting HIV-infected patients. This review summarizes the lipid abnormalities associated with HIV and the use of antiretroviral therapy. Atherogenic dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) is common in patients with HIV, and may complicate the management of their infection. Those on highly active antiretroviral therapy may further increase their risk of developing abnormalities of lipid metabolism. Evaluation of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients follows the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines and should be the first step in cardiovascular risk assessment in individuals with HIV infection. Certain antiretroviral medications have been demonstrated to be more likely to cause lipid abnormalities than others, which should be considered when initiating or switching treatment regimens. The potential.
Natural and synthetic oligosaccharides in broiler chicken diets

P.A. IJI and D.R. TIVEYDepartment of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus,Glen Osmond 5064, AustraliaThis review presents findings on the influence of natural raffinose seriesoligosaccharides and . synthetic (industrial) products on the productivity ofbroiler chicken. There is evidence of negative effects on animal health andproductivity from the use of raffinose series 01igosaccharides, but beneficialeffects from synthetic oligosaccharides. Part of this contradiction may be due todifferences in the chemical nature of the supplements, the level of supple-mentation or the duration of feeding. The future for synthetic oligosaccharidesis bright, but further adoption of natural sources requires a greater under-standing of their chemistry to facilitate the production of beneficial com-pounds and the elimination of detrimental fractions. Most current literaturefavours the inclusion of various oligosaccharides in the diet. The cost ofproduction could be minimised by the use of natural ingredients which containoligosaccharides, or by cheap syntlietic products, sources of which arehighlighted in this review.Keywords: Broiler chicken; growth; health; non-starch polysaccharides; oligo-saccharides; raffinose
STORAGE QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF VACUUM‐PACKAGED EXTENDED CHICKEN PATTIES

The storage quality and shelf life of chicken patties prepared from spent hen meat with replacement of lean at preoptimized levels of three unconventional nonmeat extenders (1:1 hydration), namely 5% sorghum flour, 10% barley flour and 5% pressed rice flour along with the control group, were subjected to test. The samples from vacuum-packaged, refrigerated stored (4 ± 1C) product were analyzed on a weekly interval for 42 days for different physicochemical, microbiological and sensory parameters. The pH, extract release volume as well as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances value being comparable to its day 0 value in early stage decreased significantly (P < 0.05) on subsequent storage without any noticeable defects even on day 42. The total plate, psychrophiles, anaerobes and lactic acid bacteria count increased significantly (P < 0.05) at subsequent storage interval after their detection on days 0, 28, 28 and 35 days, respectively, but all these counts remained within the permissible limits even at the end of storage period. The scores of all treatment groups for appearance, juiciness and texture with exception of control were comparable throughout the storage period, while the flavor and overall acceptability scores were comparable up to day 28 only for most of the treatment groups followed by a significant decline (P < 0.05) subsequently. The patties with 10% extension with barley flour had comparatively better stability and sensory scores throughout the storage period. These findings indicated that chicken patties extended with sorghum (5%), barley (10%) and pressed rice (5%) flour were acceptable in terms of physicochemical, microbiological and sensory qualities during 42 days of refrigerated storage (4 ± 1C) under vacuum packaging.
EFFICIENT APPROACH FOR VEHICLE COUNTING BASED ON DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Vehicle counting plays an important role in intelligent transport systems. A vehicle counting system should be fast to be implemented in real-time circumstances. Recent methods for vehicle counting usually include two stages, vehicle detection and vehicle tracking. Vehicle tracking stage requires more computational cost, which makes the system less efficient. In this paper, a new approach for vehicle counting based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) is proposed. First, an improved single shot multibox detector (SSD) is proposed for fast vehicle detection. The base network and detection network in the original SSD are replaced and modified to reduce the computational cost. To eliminate vehicle tracking step, a region of interest (ROI) is set in each image frame. The number of vehicles is increased when a vehicle is passing the ROI. Furthermore, an improved algorithm for counting exactly the number of vehicles is introduced. Experimental results on public datasets show that the proposed method is the fastest system for counting vehicle among current systems and achieves comparable accuracy compared with state-of-the-art methods.
Studies in Annonaceae. XIV. Index to generic names of Annonaceae.

Introduction In 1983, a multidisciplinary investigation program on the systematics of Annonaceae was started at Utrecht. The two main goals are to provide an up-to-date classification of the family, and the publication of a series of monographs for Flora Neotropica (Maas, 1983). The Annonaceae are a pantropical family with ca. 2000 species in ca. 130 genera. Study of the vast literature on this family in the meantime has resulted in "Index to neotropical taxa of Annonaceae" (Maas et al., 1987), "Bibliography of the Annonaceae" (Mennega, 1985; second edition, 1989), and "Iconography of the Annonaceae" (Mennega, in prep.). The present paper offers a list of all known generic names in Annonaceae, including orthographic variants and nomina nuda. Topics include place and date of original publication, synonymy, and typification. Data were extracted from various publications of R. E. Fries (1900-1959), papers on Annonaceae by other authors, and from Farr et al.: Index Nominum Genericorum (1979, 1986).
Combined analysis of four mitochondrial regions allowed the detection of several matrilineal lineages of the lessepsian fish Fistularia commersonii in the Mediterranean Sea

The bluespotted cornetfish (Fistularia commersonii) is an Indo-Pacific species that in the last ten years colonized a large part of the Mediterranean basin. The aim of this study was to sequence some portions of the mitochondrial DNA (D-loop II, 16S, 12S and Cyt b) of this fish from different localities of the Mediterranean Sea, in order to evaluate the level of its genetic variability in this area. The genetic analysis performed on specimens from seven localities of Sardinia, Tunisia and Libya revealed the presence of at least five mitochondrial lineages. The results obtained, compared with previous studies, indicate that the use of a sufficient number of mitochondrial regions may allow a more accurate estimate of genetic variability in lessepsian invasions.
ANALYSIS OF SECURITY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT IN WEB APPLICATION ENVIRONMENT USING COMMON VULNERABILITY SCORING SYSTEM METHOD

: The development of this increasingly advanced era, many companies spend all means to be able to improve security on the side of the system used, the increasing crime in the digital world, one of which is cyber crime such as hacking activities. In order to maintain security in the data, the company needs to test the security of the information system, one of which is by testing the penetration testing. Security vulnerability in a web application system cannot be denied because the web is generally dynamic and accessible to the public, therefore penetration testing is needed to test the extent to which the security level in the system is running. The analysis of security vulnerability assessment in the Web Application Environment in this study uses the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) with penetration testing as a testing technique, with the aim of measuring the level of vulnerability in a Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) system. found that it can be improved its vulnerability level, in this study found at the level of high vulnerability obtained the value of 8.50 using two tools namely nessus and acunetix with the method of penetration testing results obtained have similar vulnerability levels and the findings of vulnerability can be calculated manually using the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
STAT3 EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANTLY TRANSFORMED B-LYMPHOCYTES

Streszczenie: Ludzki protoonkogen STAT3 koduje czynnik transkrypcyjny, który bierze udzia3 w procesach embriogenezy, proliferacji i ró¿nicowania wielu typów komórek, jak równie¿ w regeneracji i inwolucji narz1dów. Reguluje tak¿e mechanizmy wrodzonej i nabytej odpornoci, w tym dojrzewanie limfocytów B. Zwiêkszon1 aktywnoæ bia3ka STAT3 stwierdzono zarówno w nieodwracalnie ukierunkowanych prekursorach limfocytów B, jak i plazmocytach. Nieprawid3owy przekaz sygna3u za porednictwem bia3ka STAT3 zaobserwowano w du¿ej liczbie nowotworów, w których indukuje ono transkrypcjê genów zwi1zanych z hamowaniem apoptozy lub warunkuj1cych postêp cyklu komórkowego. W wielu typach nowotworów, tak¿e tych o pochodzeniu limfoidalnym, bia3ko STAT3 u3atwia rozprzestrzenianie siê guza przez stymulacjê angiogenezy i hamowanie odpowiedzi przeciwnowotworowej. STAT3 mo¿na uznaæ za idealny cel interwencji terapeutycznej.
Increased LongevIty and the annuIty soLutIon: how retIrement PoLIcy reforms can reduce LongevIty rIsk

Americans have experienced a steady increase in longevity over the last 100 years. In the early part of the twentieth century, average life expectancy at birth was only 47 years, but today many people can expect to live into their eighties, nineties, or beyond. While the benefits of increased longevity are clear, it also presents the country with a number of issues that require serious consideration, including ensuring access to a secure and lasting stream of income in retirement. PoLIcy BrIef MAY 2010
Scivis

Visualization affects the process of analysis and design in a number of ways. Applying visualization concepts to scientific data gives scientists greater abilities to understand their data. We have designed and implemented Scivis, which is a collaborative scientific visualization system. Scivis is implemented in Java, taking full advantage of its benefits. We have concentrated on three important issues: ease of use, a collaborative framework, and a highly customizable system. Since its introduction, Scivis has generated significant interest throughout many research labs. 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geographic Variation in the Spawning of Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua, in the Northwest Atlantic

We analyzed 47 yr (1946–92) of research trawl data and 5 yr (1964–68) of research gillnet data to identify spawning locations of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, in the Newfoundland–Labrador region. Offshore, spawners are common on the continental shelf but generally rare on the slope. Relative abundance of spawning individuals on the shelf is comparably high off northeast Newfoundland, within 100 km of the Newfoundland coast from Cape Freels to Cape Race, on central Grand Bank, and on St. Pierre Bank. Slope spawning is largely restricted to the eastern slope of Hamilton Bank, a small section of northern Grand Bank, and Flemish Cap. Inshore spawning is evident in southeastern Labrador and southeastern Newfoundland, particularly in St. Mary's, Placentia, Trinity, and Bonavista bays. Trajectories of satellite-tracked drifter buoys indicate that it is highly improbable that eggs spawned on the slope of Grand Bank and much of the northeastern Newfoundland slope will be transported into shelf and coastal waters. We.
The protective effect of berberine on β-cell lipoapoptosis

Aims: To evaluate the protective effect of berberine on β-cell lipoapoptosis induced by palmitate and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods: HIT-T15 pancreatic β-cells were divided into the following treatment groups: untreated controls; 100 μM berberine; 0.5 mM palmitate; 0.5 mM palmitate + 0.1 μM berberine; 0.5 mM palmitate + 1 μM berberine; 0.5 mM palmitate + 10 μM berberine; and 0.5 mM palmitate + 100 μM berberine. After 48 h, cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and the Hoechst 33258 fluorescent assay. Basal and glucose-stimulated insulin levels in culture medium were measured by radioimmunoassay. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) mRNA and protein levels were determined by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Results: Apoptosis was significantly increased upon treatment with palmitate as compared to the untreated controls (p<0.0001). In addition, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), PPAR-γ mRNA and protein expression were significantly reduced in response to palmitate (p<0.0001); however, palmitate-induced apoptosis and reduction in PPAR-γ expression were reversed in response to berberine in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a non-significant increase in GSIS with increasing berberine dose. Conclusion: Palmitate exerted lipotoxic effects on HIT-T15 cells, inducing apoptosis and reducing GSIS. Berberine reduced palmitate-induced lipoapoptosis and tended to increase GSIS in HIT-T15 cells, possibly through increased PPAR-γ expression.
15N Abundance of Nodules as an Indicator of N Metabolism in N2-Fixing Plants

This paper expands upon previous reports of 15N elevation in nodules (compared to other tissues) of N2-fixing plants. N2-Fixing nodules of Glycine max (soybeans), Vigna unguiculata (cowpea), Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Phaseolus coccineus (scarlet runner bean), Prosopis glandulosa (mesquite), and Olneya tesota (desert ironwood) were enriched in 15N. Nodules of Vicia faba (fava beans), Arachis hypogaea (peanut), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pisum sativum (pea), Lathyrus sativus (grass pea), Medicago sativa (alfalfa), and Lupinus mutabilis (South American lupine) were not; nor were the nodules of nine species of N2-fixing nonlegumes. The nitrogen of ineffective nodules of soybeans and cowpeas was not enriched in 15N. Thus, 15N elevation in nodules of these plants depends on active N2-fixation. Results obtained so far on the generality of 15N enrichment in N2-fixing nodules suggest that only the nodules of plants which actively fix N2 and which transport allantoin or allantoic acid exhibit 15N enrichment.
Conserved Regions 4.1 and 4.2 of ς70Constitute the Recognition Sites for the Anti-ς Factor AsiA, and AsiA Is a Dimer Free in Solution*

The association of the bacteriophage T4-encoded AsiA protein with the ς70 subunit of theEscherichia coli RNA polymerase is one of the principal events governing transcription of the T4 genome. Analytical ultracentrifugation and NMR studies indicate that free AsiA is a symmetric dimer and the dimers can exchange subunits. Using NMR, the mutual recognition sites on AsiA and ς70 have been elucidated. Residues throughout the N-terminal half of AsiA are involved either directly or indirectly in binding to ς70whereas the two highly conserved C-terminal regions of ς70, denoted 4.1 and 4.2, constitute the entire AsiA binding domain. Peptides corresponding to these regions bind tightly to AsiA individually and simultaneously. Simultaneous binding promotes structural changes in AsiA that mimic interaction with the complete AsiA binding determinant of ς70. Moreover, the results suggest that a significant rearrangement of the dimer accompanies peptide binding. Thus, both conserved regions 4.1 and 4.2 are intimately involved in recognition of AsiA by ς70. The interaction of AsiA with 4.1 provides a potential explanation of the differential abilities of DNA and AsiA to bind to free ς70 and a mechanistic alternative to models of AsiA function that rely on binding to a single site on ς70.
A New Wave in Caribbean Sustainable Development: The White Water to Blue Water Partnerships

In late August and early September, 2002, more than 21,000 participants from 191 governments, United Nations (UN) agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), multilateral financial institutions, and other groups participated in the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa. Their task was to assess global changes in the ten years since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. At the Earth Summit, as the Conference in Rio de Janeiro was widely known, the participants adopted Agenda 21, a 40 chapter program and comprehensive plan of action designed to implement the outcomes of the meeting. Its purpose was to better manage and protect the environment as well as promote sustainable and environmentally sound development in all countries.
A Study on Pattern Recognition with the Histograms of Oriented Gradients in Distorted and Noisy Images

Histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) are still one of the most frequently used low-level features for pattern recognition in images. Despite their great popularity and simple implementation performance of the HOG features almost always has been measured on relatively high quality data which are far from real conditions. To fill this gap we experimentally evaluate their performance in the more realistic conditions, based on images affected by different types of noise, such as Gaussian, quantization, and salt-and-pepper, as well on images distorted by occlusions. Different noise scenarios were tested such anti-distortions during training as well as application of a proper denoising method in the recognition stage. As underpinned with experimental results, the negative impact of distortions and noise on object recognition with HOG features can be significantly reduced by employment of a proper denoising strategy.
THE INFLUENCE OF BONSILAGE PLUS AND BONSILAGE FORTE ON MICROFLORA REDUCTION DURING ENSILING OF ALFALFA

Crops at ensiling contain both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and a range of bacteria and fungi that affect silage quality. Typical classes of microorganisms on plants prior to ensiling are aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria, yeasts, molds, clostridia, bacilli, acetic acid bacteria and propionic acid bacteria. The quality of silage depends on the competition between different groups of microorganisms. LAB, which are responsible for the silage fermentation process, usually dominate the silage microflora, but undesirable microorganisms, that occur at low levels on fresh plant material, may grow during the storage of silage and lead to anaerobic or aerobic spoilage. In this study, effects of silage inoculants on reduction of microflora during ensiling of alfalfa have been investigated. The results showed that the addition of commercial silage inoculants, Bonsilage Plus and Bonsilage Forte, had significant effect in reducing total number of aerobic bacteria, enterobacteria, yeasts, moulds and sulphite reducing clostridia during ensiling of alfalfa.
Convolutional Neural Networks and Transfer Learning Based Classification of Natural Landscape Images

Natural landscape image classification is a difficult problem in computer vision. Many classes that can be found in such images are often ambiguous and can easily be confused with each other (e.g. smoke and fog), and not just by a computer algorithm, but by a human as well. Since natural landscape video surveillance became relatively pervasive in recent years, in this paper we focus on the classification of natural landscape images taken mostly from forest fire monitoring towers. Since these images usually suffer from the lack of the usual low and middle level features (e.g. sharp edges and corners), and since their quality is degraded by atmospheric conditions, this makes the already difficult problem of natural landscape classification even more challenging. In this paper we tackle the problem of automatic natural landscape classiffication by proposing and evaluating a classifier based on a pretrained deep convolutional neural network and transfer learning.
PHYTOESTROGENS. II. MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF ACTION IN FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT

Streszczenie: Fitoestrogeny to wystêpuj1ce w wielu rolinach zwi1zki chemiczne, które m.in. mog1 wp3ywaæ na procesy rozrodcze ludzi i zwierz1t. W komórkach docelowych mog1 naladowaæ dzia3anie estrogenów endogennych (dzia3anie estrogenne), jak równie¿ dzia3aæ w stosunku do nich antagonistycznie (dzia3anie antyestrogenne). W prezentowanej pracy przedstawiono wspó3czesne pogl1dy na wewn1trzkomórkowy mechanizm dzia3ania fitoestrogenów w komórkach jajnika, macicy i gruczo3u mlekowego.