Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does jackknife scale really matter for accurate large-scale structure covariances?

The jackknife method gives an internal covariance estimate for large-scale structure surveys and allows model-independent errors on cosmological parameters. Using the SDSS-III BOSS CMASS sample, we study how the jackknife size and number of resamplings impact the precision of the covariance estimate on the correlation function multipoles and the error on the inferred baryon acoustic scale. We compare the measurement with log-normal mock galaxy catalogues with the same survey geometry. We build several jackknife configurations that vary in size and number of resamplings. We find that it is useful to apply the tapering scheme to estimate the precision matrix from a limited number of jackknife resamplings. The results from CMASS and mock catalogues show that the error estimate of the baryon acoustic scale does not depend on the jackknife scale. For the shift parameter $\alpha$, we find an average error of 1.6% and 1.2%, respectively from CMASS and mock jackknife covariances, consistent with pre-reconstruction analyses. However, when relatively few resamplings are used, the jackknife error estimate becomes unreliable. Future large-scale structure surveys will map even greater volumes allowing percent-level estimation of the covariance matrix using a jackknife approach.
An Effective Transition-based Model for Discontinuous NER

Unlike widely used Named Entity Recognition (NER) data sets in generic domains, biomedical NER data sets often contain mentions consisting of discontinuous spans. Conventional sequence tagging techniques encode Markov assumptions that are efficient but preclude recovery of these mentions. We propose a simple, effective transition-based model with generic neural encoding for discontinuous NER. Through extensive experiments on three biomedical data sets, we show that our model can effectively recognize discontinuous mentions without sacrificing the accuracy on continuous mentions.
Effects of Assortativity on Consensus Formation with Heterogeneous Agents

Despite the widespread use of Barabasi's scale-free networks and Erdos-Renyi networks of which degree correlation (assortativity) is neutral, numerous studies demonstrated that online social networks tend to show assortative mixing (positive degree correlation), while non-social networks show a disassortative mixing (negative degree correlation). First, we analyzed the variability in the assortativity coefficients of different groups of the same platform by using three different subreddits in Reddit. Our data analysis results showed that Reddit is disassortative, and assortativity coefficients of the aforementioned subreddits are computed as -0.0384, -0.0588 and -0.1107, respectively. Motivated by the variability in the results even in the same platform, we decided to investigate the sensitivity of dynamics of consensus formation to the assortativity of the network. We concluded that the system is more likely to reach a consensus when the network is disassortatively mixed or neutral; however, the likelihood of the consensus significantly decreases when the network is assortatively mixed. Surprisingly, the time elapsed until all nodes fix their opinions is slightly lower when the network is neutral compared to either assortative or disassortative networks. These results are more pronounced when the thresholds of agents are more heterogeneously distributed.
Fractional Fokker-Planck equations for subdiffusion and exceptional orthogonal polynomials

It is pointed out that, for the fractional Fokker-Planck equation for subdiffusion proposed by Metzler, Barkai, and Klafter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 3563], there are four types of infinitely many exact solutions associated with the newly discovered exceptional orthogonal polynomials. They represent fractionally deformed versions of the Rayleigh process and the Jacobi process.
Effects of Dietary Betaine and Protein Levels on Performance, Blood Composition, Abdominal Fat and Liver Amino Acid Concentration in Laying Hens

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary betaine and protein levels on performance, internal e99 Qualify, blood composition, abdominal fat and liver amino acid concentration in laying hens. A total of 432 ISA-Brown laying hens were randomly allotted to four treatments with six replications for twenty few weeks. Treatments were factorially designed with two levels of crude protein(14.5 and ) and two levels of betaine(0 and 600ppm). The egg production was increased by feeding protein-fed group compared to that of protein-fed groups(P protein-fed groups(P
A systematic review of research on how students and teachers use didactic learning materials in L1

This article presents the results of a systematic review of research on how students and teachers in primary and lower secondary school use didactic learning materials in L1. Didactic learning materials are learning resources made for purposes of teaching and learning. We include both digital and analogue learning resources and methodically diverse research published 2008-2018. The aims of the review is mapping 1) how much research there is in this field, 2) which aspects of use are investigated, 3) what the research can tell us about the use of didactic learning materials, and 4) how the research was conducted methodically. We synthesize the included studies in six themes that describe strands of research interests. Finally, we will propose a research agenda for moving the field of research in the use of didactic learning materials forward.
A safe and inexpensive way of making south Korean villages rodent-free

The test methods used in this rodent control program, which can be tried by others, are unique in being exceptionally safe to people and to nontarget animals and very saving of bait material, which is important to many countries. Bait stations (boxes) are used. For safety and economic reasons, no poison bait is put in the bait stations until a spoonful (5 g) of whole rice (Step 1) has first been taken from the station by a rodent. Next, if many rats are present, 25 g of a prebait (Step 2) is put in the bait station. When all of the prebait is eaten, an acute rodenticide bait, in our tests 5 g of 0.5 percent RH 787 (Vacor), is added as Step 3. That is followed by Step 4, 25 g of anticoagulant bait. When toxic bait is no longer being eaten (because all the rodents are controlled), a spoonful of rice (Step 1), which deteriorates far less rapidly than ready-made baits and is safer, is put in the station and left until a new rodent appears. This paper also describes precontrol and postcontrol census methods, acceptance tests of bait material and of the toxic bait used, a method for determining the presence of survivors, and tests to distinguish new invaders from individuals that have become shy of the bait or the toxicant or both. Since a successful control program depends on an effective organizational structure, a Korean example is given to show how complex such a structure can be.
Virucidal properties of innovative disinfectant to Avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus

The first and the main link in the system of prevention of the occurrence and distribution of avian influenza and Newcastle disease is monitoring and the effective prophylaxis of the above diseases. At the same time the conducting of disinfection of the objects of veterinary control is an important stage in the system of veterinary and sanitary measures. A number of disinfectants that contain different classes of chemical compounds as active substances have been developed and proposed for practical use. The large-scale production of disinfectants and their introduction into practice is impossible without the preliminary laboratory assessment of their antimicrobial properties, the determination of the spectrum of their biocidal effect and physical, chemical and toxicological properties. The aim of our work was to study the virucidal properties of a new aldehyde disinfectant using the test models of the viruses of Newcastle disease and avian influenza. The experiments to study virucidal properties of the disinfectant regarding the viruses of avian influenza and Newcastle disease have been carried out at the Department for Avian Diseases Study of the National Scientific Center ‘Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine’ in accordance with the guidelines ‘Methods for determining and evaluating the safety and quality of disinfectants and disinfecting detergents used in the production, storage, transportation and sale of products of animal origin’ (Kotsiumbas et al., 2010). The determination of the virucidal properties of the disinfectant has been conducted in two stages: stage 1 — the determination of the virucidal activity of the product by the suspension method; stage 2 — determination of the virucidal activity of the product on test objects. As a result of the research conducted by the suspension method the presence of the virucidal properties of the innovative disinfectant (the mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds — 25%, glutar aldehyde — 11%, isopropanol, non-ionic surfactants) for the viruses of avian influenza and Newcastle disease has been determined. It has been found that the above preparation completely inactivated the infective properties of viruses when used in the concentration of 0.1%, with the interval of 30 minutes and in the concentration of 0.5% — 15-minute interval. It has been proved that the use of the disinfectant in 0.1% concentration for 30 minutes disinfected the test objects (wood, metal, tile, textile) that were contaminated by the pathogenic agents of avian influenza and Newcastle disease
Etude de l'expression et de la regulation des genes impliques dans le metabolisme carbone chez lactococcus lactis

Les bacteries lactiques sont utilisees dans la fermentation de denrees alimentaires depuis de nombreux siecles, autant pour la capacite de conservation que permet le lactate, que pour les proprietes organoleptiques conferees par la production de metabolites secondaires de fermentation. Afin de comprendre et de mieux maitriser les processus de fermentation, il est apparu indispensable d'etudier, d'une maniere generale, le metabolisme carbone ainsi que l'organisation et les regulations genetiques chez ces bacteries. L'analyse de la transcription des genes de la glycolyse chez l. Lactis a montre que plusieurs d'entre eux sont actives en presence de glucose et que cette activation est due, dans certain cas, a des mecanismes de regulation de type activation catabolique. Ainsi, la proteine ccpa est directement impliquee dans la regulation du gene codant la phosphoglucose isomerase, une enzyme cle dans l'orientation du flux a travers la glycolyse. L'etude fonctionnelle des genes codant pour pgi, la glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate deshydrogenase (gapdh) et l'enolase (eno) revele que pgi, gapa2 et enoa sont essentiels a la viabilite de la bacterie, bien que les genes codant la gapdh et eno sont dupliques (gapa1, enob) chez l. Lactis. Nous avons etudie, dans la deuxieme partie de cette these, les genes de la voie des pentoses phosphates. Cette voie differe de la voie classiquement decrite chez les bacteries lactiques. En effet, l. Lactis possede deux voies distinctes permettant a la voie des pentoses phosphates de rejoindre la glycolyse. La premiere fait intervenir une phosphocetolase et la seconde fait intervenir une transcetolase et une transaldolase. Chacune de ces voies peut compenser l'inactivation de l'autre. L'etude de l'expression des genes impliques dans le metabolisme du xylose a permis de mettre en evidence la regulation transcriptionnelle atypique de cette voie, comparee a celle caracterisee chez les autres bacteries a gram +.
Reviewing the challenges of port authority business model innovation

: The port industry is in a state of flux and port authorities are increasingly expected to create new avenues of value creation and value capture by managing multiple business models. To explore the challenges accompanying this qualitative shift in competition for port authorities, this paper presents a systematic review of port research in which four business model development challenges are analyzed, including: 1. diversification of port customers, 2. requirements for new value creation, 3. changing possibilities and constraints of value capture and 4. network effects, clusters and strategic partnerships. Based on the four challenges, it is argued that business model innovation by port authorities requires changing the underlying business logic, the activities and resources and the configurational fit with other port actors’ business models. This proposition is based on a discussion on the interplay between the macro level port industry, the meso level rule structures within port systems and the micro level of port authority organizations.
Effect of Integrated Safety Program on Safety Behaviors among Rice Farmers: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Unsafe working behaviors are considered the most important determinants of injuries among rice farmers. This quasi-experimental study examined the effect of an integrated safety program for enhancing safety behaviors among rice farmers. Two districts in a province in Northern Thailand were purposively selected and randomly assigned to be the experimental and control groups. Eighty-two farmers from two districts were purposively selected according to thecriteria and matchingequally for each group. The experimental group only received the integrated safety program which comprised awareness raising, working behavior modification, and a supportive environment. Safety behaviors were measured by a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results revealed that the participants in the experimental group had statistically significant higher mean scores of safety behaviors that included safe pesticide use, personal protective equipment use, and compliance with safety rules and regulations, than those in the control group across all time points of measurement at weeks 8 and 12 after during follow-up. Thus, this safety intervention could be useful for nurses and occupational health professionals, and health promoters to enhance safety behaviors among rice farmers and thus reduce farmer morbidity and mortality due to unsafe work practices.
Signalers and Receivers: Mechanisms and Evolution of Arthropod Communication

1. Communication in a Lilliputian World 2. Signal Theory and the Language of Communication 3. Chemical Signaling and the Olfactory Channel 4. Sound and Vibration and the Mechanical Channel 5. Bioluminescence and Reflected Light and the Visual Channel 6. Sexual Selection and the Evolution of Signals 7. Signal Evolution: Modification and Diversification
Effect of Dietary Enzyme supplementation on Egg Laying Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Japanese Quails

A b s t r a c t This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary enzymes supplementation (Kemzyme plus dry® and phytase) on egg laying performance and nutrient digestibility of Japanese quails. A total number of one hundred twenty (120) healthy Japanese quails were were divided into 4 groups. The first group of Japanese quails was considered as control group and fed the basal diet without supplementation of any dietary enzyme; second group fed on basal diet supplemented with 0.5g Kemzyme plus dry®/kg diet, third group fed on basal diet supplemented with 0.1g phytase/kg diet, fourth group fed on basal diet supplemented with Kemzyme® plus phytase. Results showed that there was significant (P
Molecular studies on the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri

i DEDICATION ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv DECLARATION v PUBLICATIONS vii TABLE OF CONTENTS viii LIST OF TABLES xiii LIST OF FIGURES xiv ABBREVIATIONS xvii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Aquaculture 1 1.2 Rainbow trout 1 1.3 Diseases of rainbow trout 2 1.4 Enteric redmouth disease (ERM) 4 1.4. 1 Susceptibility to ERM 5 1.4. 2 Clinical signs of ERM 5 1.5 Yersinia ruckeri 9 1.5. 1 Phenotypic characteristics 9 1.5. 2 Taxonomy 9 1.5. 3 Serotyping 10 1.5. 4 Molecular typing 12 1.5. 5 Plasmids 12 1.6 Y. ruckeri pathogenesis 13 1.7 Transmission and survival 14 1.8 Adherence and invasion 16 1.9 Systemic spread 16 1.9. 1 Resistance to serum-mediated killing 17 1.9. 2 Survival within macrophages 18 1.10 Extracellular products (ECPs) 19 1.10. 1 Extracellular protease Yrp1 19 1.10. 2 Extracellular haemolysin YhlA 21 1.11 Iron-acquisition and siderophore production 22 1.12 In vivo expression technology (IVET) 22 1.13 Signature tagged mutagenesis (STM) 24 1.14 Environmental factors 25 1.14. 1 Quorum sensing 25 1.15 Diagnosis and detection of Y. ruckeri 27 1.15. 1 Bacteriological and serological detection 27 1.15. 2 Molecular methods of diagnosis and detection 28 1.16 Treatment and control methods 28
Etude et comparaison de moteurs moléculaires artificiels par simulation numérique

Le domaine nanometrique presente et souleve beaucoup de questions. Une d’entre elles concerne les moteurs moleculaires. Est-il possible de concevoir un systeme pouvant se deplacer au sein d’un milieu ? Si oui comment caracteriser son deplacement ? Le deplacement a-t-il une influence sur le milieu ? Le milieu influence-t-il le deplacement du moteur ? Nous nous sommes interesses ici a l’etude de plusieurs parametres tels que la taille relative du moteur par rapport a la taille des molecules constituant l’environnement, la masse relative du moteur par rapport a la masse des molecules constituant l’environnement, la vitesse des battements du moteur, l’influence de la temperature,l’orientation du moteur, les configurations temporelles possibles.Nous avons montre que le ratio de masse relative au moteur et des molecules du milieu, tout comme le ratio des tailles, influencent le deplacement du moteur. Tout moteur avec une seule charniere est soumis au scallop theorem enonce par E.M. Purcell.Nous avons trouve un moyen de briser ce theoreme en jouant sur la vitesse des battements du moteur.Nous avons ensuite modifie notre moteur pour qu’il possede deux charnieres. Nous avons de nouveau etudie l’effet des differentes configurations temporelles possible sur le deplacement du moteur.Pour finir nous avons voulu donner une direction privilegie a notre moteur en le soumettant a un champ electrique.
Practical Guide to Diagnostic Parasitology

I Philosophy and Approach to Diagnostic Parasitology Why Perform this Type of Testing? Who Should Perform Diagnostic Parasitology Testing? Where Should Clinical Testing be Performed? When Should Clinical Testing be Performed? What Testing Should be Performed? Factors to Consider when Developing Test Menus II Specimen Collection and Processing Parasites and Body Sites Test Ordering Options and Algorithms Collection Options III Test Methods Clinical Specimens Quality Control Method Procedure Notes Reporting IV Parasite Identification Protozoa Nematodes Cestodes Trematodes Arthropods
Data Warehouse Design and Implementation Based on Star Schema vs. Snowflake Schema

The data warehouses are considered modern ancient techniques, since the early days for the relational databases, the idea of the keeping a historical data for reference when it needed has been originated, and the idea was primitive to create archives for the historical data to save these data, despite of the usage of a special techniques for the recovery of these data from the different storage modes. This research applied of structured databases for a trading company operating across the continents, has a set of branches each one has its own stores and showrooms, and the company branch’s group of sections with specific activities, such as stores management, showrooms management, accounting management, contracts and other departments. It also assumes that the company center exported software to manage databases for all branches to ensure the safety performance, standardization of processors and prevent the possible errors and bottlenecks problems. Also the research provides this methods the best requirements have been used for the applied of the data warehouse (DW), the information that managed by such an applied must be with high accuracy. It must be emphasized to ensure compatibility information and hedge its security, in schemes domain, been applied to a comparison between the two schemes (Star and Snowflake Schemas) with the concepts of multidimensional database. It turns out that Star Schema is better than Snowflake Schema in (Query complexity, Query performance, Foreign Key Joins),And finally it has been concluded that Star Schema center fact and change, while Snowflake Schema center fact and not change.
Endocrine and Metabolic Status of Dairy Cows during Transition Period

The objective of this study was to determine blood levels of cortisol, insulin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol in dairy Holstein cows (n = 40) during the transition period. The test cows were classified into four groups: Group A (n = 10), clinically healthy late-pregnant cows from day 20 to day 10 before calving. Group B (n = 10), clinically healthy late-pregnant cows from day 10 to day 1 before calving. Group C (n = 10), clinically healthy puerperal cows. Group D (n = 10), puerperal ketotic cows. The blood serum of ketotic cows was found to have lower levels of T3 (p 0.05), cortisol (p > 0.05), glucose (p < 0.01), TG (p <0.01) and total cholesterol (p < 0.05), and higher (p < 0.01) levels of NEFA and BHB, as compared to the blood levels in healthy pregnant and healthy puerperal cows. Results suggest that ketotic cows undergo homeorhetic adaptation of the regulation of organic nutrient metabolism being manifested through a decrease in the blood levels of the test hormones, resulting in increased lipomobilization, hypoglycemia, and intensive ketogenesis and lipogenesis in liver cells.
Acoustic quality of critical habitats for three threatened whale populations

Habitat loss is a leading cause of biodiversity loss in terrestrial ecosystems. For marine species that rely on acoustic cues to navigate, find food or select mates, sound is a key element of their environment. Chronic forms of human‐generated ocean noise have the potential to mask communication signals over substantial fractions of their functional areas for substantial fractions of the year, which makes acoustic masking a qualitatively similar stressor to habitat loss. International policy decisions on chronic ocean noise are evolving, which creates an opportunity to advance the scientific foundation of decision‐making. We measured ocean noise levels at 12 sites, chosen for current and predicted intensities of anthropogenic activities and importance to three endangered whale species in Canada's Pacific Ocean: fin, humpback and killer whales. Canada includes sound as a key element of resident killer whale critical habitat, but not for other species. In the frequency bands that killer whales use for social communication, noise levels were highest in legally designated killer whale critical habitats. In contrast, noise levels were generally lower in habitats known to be important for baleen whales, but these quieter areas are not yet given special legal protection. These noise levels translate into potentially serious fractions of lost opportunities for acoustic communication. Median noise levels are high enough to reduce the communication spaces for fin, humpback and killer whales under typical (median) conditions by 1, 52 and 62%, respectively, and 30, 94 and 97% under noisy conditions. As countries begin to articulate their policies to protect acoustic attributes of marine habitats under their jurisdiction, we recommend quantifying loss of communication space, but quantitative targets need to be set. We see two ways forward. Managers could specify limits of acceptable change in terms of population‐level impacts, which can be modelled through effects from communication masking and/or disturbance on prey intake. Alternatively, managers can specify targets reflecting amount of habitat to protect for each species, adjusting upward to account for habitat effectively lost from chronic ocean noise.