Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“A” for Attitude—Attitudes towards Dyslexia in Higher Education

This paper makes the case for the importance of an empathetic approach to understanding dyslexia, in educational establishments, especially in Higher Education. An awareness of the implications that having dyslexia and how this affects both study skills (concentration, organisation, revision and so forth) and presentation skills (completion of assignments within academic language and structures and without grammar, punctation and spelling errors) is accentuated in this article.This research employs meta-ethnography, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and a grounded theory overlay to thematic critical analysis. In so doing, UK literature of both quantitative and qualitative format was examined through specifying inclusion criteria and using a filtering approach.The justification for this work is to challenge any institutional or individual indirect discriminatory practice towards students with dyslexia.Conclusions indicate the need for enhanced institutional understanding of dyslexia and associated provision for individual dyslexic learners within Higher Education in its entirety. For example, access to digitalised resources, individual tutorials, assistive technology and adjusted expectations in marking criteria (as not to penalise for issues concomitant with dyslexia).
Mitochondrial genome of Apis mellifera anatoliaca (Hymenoptera: Apidae) – the Anatolian honey bee

Abstract Apis mellifera anatoliaca had a mitochondrial genome that was 16,256 bp long, with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and an AT-rich control region. The phylogenetic tree showed that A. m. anatoliaca was closely related to other subspecies found in Turkey, A. m. caucasica and A. m. meda.
Body composition of HIV-positive candidates for and recipients of a kidney transplant: comparative analysis between DEXA and anthropometric indices

Objective: To determine body composition (BC) and the correlation, if any, between indices measured by anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Design: Cross-sectional descriptive. Setting: National sample of HIV-positive patients on the ‘positive-to-positive’ kidney transplant programme, South Africa. Methodology: 34 participants categorised as (i) HIV-positive transplant recipients from an HIV-positive donor (n = 16); and (ii) HIV-positive transplant candidates on the waiting list to receive a kidney from an HIV-positive donor (n = 18). Pearson's coefficient was used to correlate anthropometry with DEXA. Outcome measures: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were compared with DEXA-derived percentage body fat (%BF), truncal fat (TF) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) was correlated with DEXA lean indices namely lean mass (LM), lean mass index (LMI) and appendicular lean mass index (ALMI). Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient between BMI and %BF was strong (r = 0.773, p < 0.001). The correlation between WC with TF (r = 0.799, p < 0.001) and VAT (r = 0.885, p < 0.001) was highly significant, as was the correlation for WHtR with TF and VAT (r = 0.778, p = 0.013 and r = 0.830, p < 0.001). MAMC best correlated with ALMI (r = 0.511, p = 0.011). Conclusion: BMI, WC, WHtR and MAMC are suitable indicators of overall and regional adiposity as well as musculature, based on correlations with DEXA derived %BF, TF, VAT and ALMI respectively. The findings support the use of these anthropometric indices for measurement of BC in this patient group as a cost-effective alternative to DEXA.
Improving Analytic Reasoning via Crowdsourcing and Structured Analytic Techniques

How might analytic reasoning in intelligence reports be substantially improved? One conjecture is that this can be achieved through a combination of crowdsourcing and structured analytic techniques (SATs). To explore this conjecture, we developed a new crowdsourcing platform supporting groups in collaborative reasoning and intelligence report drafting using a novel SAT we call “Contending Analyses. ” In this paper we present findings from a large study designed to assess whether groups of professional analysts working on the platform produce better-reasoned reports than those analysts produce when using methods and tools normally used in their organizations. Secondary questions were whether professional analysts working on the platform produce better reasoning than the general public working on the platform; and how usable the platform is. Our main finding is a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.37) in favor of working on platform. This provides early support for the general conjecture. We discuss limitations of our study, implications for intelligence organizations, and future directions for the work as a whole.
Sediment diagenesis and porewater solute fluxes in acidic mine lakes: the impact of dissolved organic carbon additions

Sediment diagenesis through microbial sulfate reduction is considered a critical process in the pH amelioration of acidic mine lakes, but is often limited by the availability of organic carbon. Organic substrates are therefore frequently added to mine lake sediments to stimulate sulfate reduction. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was added to sediment collected from three mine lakes, one (in Germany) with typically high concentrations of Fe and SO4 and another two (in Australia) with unusually low concentrations of Fe and SO4. After the DOC additions caused the dissolved oxygen concentrations in the overlying waters to fall below 50 μmol L–1, the sediment porewater at all sites progressed through the expected anaerobic respiration sequence. The paucity of Fe and SO4 in the Australian lakes did not appear to constrain microbial iron and sulfate reduction. Indeed, the low Fe concentrations appeared to promote microbial sulfate reduction in the Australian sites. In the German site, there was little evidence of sulfide production in the porewater and no changes in porewater pH profiles. In contrast, the sediment porewater from the two Australian sites exhibited sulfide production and increased porewater pH. Bioremediation of acidic lakes must consider the need to treat iron-rich water before attempting pH amelioration.
Comprehensive Analysis of Cell Wall-Permeabilizing Conditions for Highly Sensitive Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

The simultaneous detection of different bacterial strains carrying a certain functional gene is absolutely imperative in order to detect bacteria on the basis of functional gene expression products (mRNA) in situ. Functional genes are possessed by bacterial strains with different types of cell walls; therefore, the optimization of conditions for digesting different types of cell walls is significant. In this study, we defined the optimal conditions for permeabilization in eight bacterial strains belonging to different phylogenetic divisions using solutions containing different concentrations of lysozyme and/or achromopeptidase, for conventional fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), digoxigenin (DIG)-FISH, and catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD)-FISH with a rRNA-targeting oligonucleotide probe. Most bacterial strains were successfully detected using CARD-FISH with lysozyme 10 mg/ml pretreatment. Additionally, achromopeptidase pretreatment combined with lysozyme pretreatment was a highly effective means of permeabilizing bacterial strains that were unable to be detected using lysozyme pretreatment. However, this additional pretreatment resulted in a loss of cell morphology in some bacterial strains due to excessive permeabilization. Consequently, permeabilizing conditions for applying highly sensitive FISH to the well-defined target bacterial strains used in this study were optimized. The results of this study will contribute to the optimization of permeabilizing conditions, which is one of the most important factors for the successful application of highly sensitive FISH.
Predicting the bug fixing time using word embedding and deep long short term memories

: In bug fixing process, estimating the ‘Time to Fix Bug’ is one of the factors that helps the triager to allocate jobs in a better way. Due to the limitation of resources for bug fixing, the bugs with long fixing time must be identified, as soon as possible, after receiving the report. This helps the prioritisation and fixing process of the bug reports. In the process of bug fixing, a temporal sequence of activities is done. Each activity is represented by a term. Useful semantic information and long-term dependency are available between terms in the sequence, but it is usually underutilised by existing bug fixing time predictor approaches. This work presents a novel deep learning-based model (called DeepLSTMPred) that (i) converts constituent terms to a vector of real numbers by considering their semantic meaning, (ii) finds the long-term dependencies between terms by deep long short term memory (LSTM) and (iii) classifies sequences to short fixing time or long fixing time. DeepLSTMPred is evaluated on bug reports extracted from the Mozilla project. The results show that the proposed method has better performance in comparison with a state-of-the-art approach (that is the hidden Markov-based model). The experimental results show that DeepLSTMPred achieves 15–20% improvement in terms of accuracy, precision, f -score, and recall.
Growth Response of Fucus vesiculosus to Heavy Metals, Singly and in Dual Combinations, as Related to Accumulation

The effects of heavy metals on the growth of Fucus vesiculosus L. were studied singly and in dual combinations. Total concentrations of 2.5 and 5 ppm were used. The inhibitory sequence: Mn-Co-Zn-CdNi-Cu was not consistent with the sequence of accumulation. Mn was favourable for growth while Cu was lethal. Antagonistic interactions were obvious for most metal pairs. Mn, Co and Zn reduced the inhibitory effects of Cd and Ni. Co was more successful than Mn in reducing the inhibitory effect of Cd. In general the growth rates followed the same pattern of succession äs if the metals were applied singly. Mn and Co prevented, at the lower concentrations, the lethal effect of Cu and allowed a minimal growth performance. A combination of Mn with Co was favourable for growth at the lower concentration, indicating a synergistic effect. An attempt was made to relate these growth effects with the accumulation of metal pairs. Cu displaced all the other metals and in all the pairs it was accumulated to the same order äs if applied singly. The uptake of Mn was slightly increased in the presence of Cd and decreased in the presence of Ni, Zn and Co. The low total accumulation of the pair Mn-Co might explain its favourable growth effect. The accumulation of Co was uniform when in combination with other metals and of the same order äs if it was applied singly. It was increased only in the presence of Ni. The accumulation of Zn was the highest and subject to wide variations. It was decreased in the presence of Mn and Co and increased in pairs with Cd and Ni. The accumulation of Cd was the lowest among the metals tested here. It was increased in the presence of Mn and Zn and decreased in pairs with Co and Ni. The accumulation of Ni was increased in the presence of Co, Mn and Zn. The simultaneous decrease of Cd and Ni explains the non-deleterious effect of this metal pair.
Influence of connectivity on demography and dispersal in two contrasting habitats: an experimental approach

Summary 1. Habitat fragmentation is involved in the present extinction crisis and is known to influence many aspects of population dynamics. The level of connectivity between populations is one of its components. In an experimental study on the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara Jacquin), we analysed in two contrasting habitats the influence of connection on dispersal patterns, on differences between dispersing and philopatric individuals, on population size, survival rates, and reproduction. 2. The experimental design consisted of eight two-patch units. Half of them were connected by dispersal. We performed this treatment in a grassland and a wood clearance, two habitats with different resource availability (respectively called ‘rich’ and ‘poor’ habitat). 3. We expected that the loss of connection would modify juvenile dispersal patterns, have a different effect on dispersing and philopatric individuals, negatively affect survival rates and fecundity by modifying social interactions and would have different consequences in ‘rich’ habitats compared to ‘poor’ ones. 4. Connection modified dispersal patterns. Two dispersal periods occurred in unconnected units, but only one occurred in connected ones. Moreover, dispersers of the second dispersal period were morphologically similar to philopatric individuals. The loss of connection probably caused the late dispersal of individuals which would have remained philopatric in a connected context. Dispersers of the second period seemed to have lower winter survival rates than philopatric individuals, as expected if these individuals had been ‘forced’ to disperse. 5. We found that connection modified demography through juvenile winter survival rates and female reproduction depending on habitat type. Connection led to higher juvenile survival rates in ‘rich’ habitats, whereas it was not the case in ‘poor’ habitats. The loss of connection decreased female reproductive rate whatever the type of habitat. 6. This study suggests that connection can directly modify demographic parameters depending on habitat quality and involving behavioural mechanisms. It confirms that conservation management, like installation of dispersal corridors, must take into account habitat characteristics and behavioural features.
Continental Patterns of Song Variability in Zonotrichia capensis: Some Possible Ecological Correlates

The studies described here were undertaken to evaluate possible correlations among altitude, latitude, and vegetation with some properties of the song of the rufous-collared sparrow,* Zonotrichia cacpensis. Zonotrichia capensis occurs from the state of Chiapas, in southern Mexico, to Cape Horn, in southernmost Patagonia, a transequatorial distance of 6,400 kin. Zonotrichia casensis can be found from sea level to 4,700 in in the Bolivian high Andes (Chapman 1940). It is a bird typical of open spaces; in forested areas it is found in clearings and along streams and roads. Song in the rufous-collared sparrow is a typically male behavior (Miller and Miller 1968; King 1972; Nottebohm and Nottebohm 1975). Though usually delivered in a territorial context, it can also be heard from birds in migratory flocks. Over most of its range the song of the rufous-collared sparrow is composed of one to five usually dissimilar introductory whistles, followed by a series of identical repetitions of another, usually briefer, note. The introductory whistles often vary considerably between individuals singing at the same locality, and determine the "theme" sung by each bird. The terminal trill can remain relatively homogeneous over vast areas, and its characteristics tend to be shared by all birds at one locality, thus determining the "dialect" sung by a bird. Whereas a majority of rufous-collared sparrows sing just one song type, a small percentage of individuals have song repertoires of two or three different songs (Nottebohm 1969; King 1972). Some individuals singing at or near dialect interphases have two themes, each ending with a different trill which matches one of the two dialect variants coming into contact. A pilot experiment (Egli 1971) suggests that Z. capensis learns its song by imitating other conspecifics and that choice of model occurs during the first 40 days after hatching,
Inverse reinforcement learning-based time-dependent A* planner for human-aware robot navigation with local vision

In an environment where robots coexist with humans, mobile robots should be human-aware and comply with humans' behavioural norms so as to not disturb humans' personal space and activities. In this work, we propose an inverse reinforcement learning-based time-dependent A* planner for human-aware robot navigation with local vision. In this method, the planning process of time-dependent A* is regarded as a Markov decision process and the cost function of the time-dependent A* is learned using the inverse reinforcement learning via capturing humans' demonstration trajectories. With this method, a robot can plan a path that complies with humans' behaviour patterns and the robot's kinematics. When constructing feature vectors of the cost function, considering the local vision characteristics, we propose a visual coverage feature for enabling robots to learn from how humans move in a limited visual field. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated by experiments in real-world scenarios: using this approach robots can effectively mimic human motion patterns when avoiding pedestrians; furthermore, in a limited visual field, robots can learn to choose a path that enables them to have the larger visual coverage which shows a better navigation performance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
New therapeutic targets in immune disorders: ItpkB, Orai1 and UNC93B

Background: Sequencing of the murine and human genomes has enabled large-scale functional genomics approaches to target identification. This holds the promise of drastically accelerating target discovery. Moreover, by providing an initial validation coincident with target identification, cell based cDNA or small interfering RNA (siRNA) screens and in particular genome-wide in vivo approaches, including forward or reverse genetics and analyses of natural gene polymorphisms, can move the relatively late step of target validation to the beginning of the process, reducing the risk of pursuing targets with little in vivo relevance. Objective: We critically discuss the value of combining functional genomics with traditional approaches for accelerating target identification and validation. Methods: We evaluate the potentials of inositol (1,4,5)trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ItpkB), Orai1 and UNC93B, three particularly interesting proteins that were recently identified through functional genomics, as targets in immune disorders. Results/conclusion: Combining functional genomics with traditional approaches can accelerate target discovery and validation, but requires a follow-up platform that integrates and analyzes all relevant data for assessment of the clinical potential of the growing number of novel targets.
Features and trends of teaching strategies for scientific practices from a review of 2008–2017 articles

ABSTRACT This study analyzed 2008–2017 articles in primary science education journals to explore the features and trends of teaching strategies for scientific practices. Five criteria were used to select the articles: (1) emphasizing inquiry teaching in either the theoretical framework or the findings section, (2) incorporating teaching strategies into inquiry teaching or professional development, (3) selecting science as subject matter, (4) being empirical research, and (5) not including special needs or ESL (English as Second Language) students as participants. Based on the above criteria, 310 articles were selected for further coding in the dimensions of teaching strategies and teaching goals. The teaching goals for the usage of the teaching strategies for scientific practices include affective, epistemic and sociocultural goals. Two categories of teaching strategies were coded for scientific practices including student-centered and teacher-centered strategies. The results showed that student-centered teaching strategies were adopted more than teacher-centered strategies; and experimenting, discussing, and a combination of experimenting and discussing were the most used teaching strategies, which were mostly used to achieve the cognitive and affective teaching goals. This was an increasing trend over the past 10 years. Moreover, teaching strategies for scientific practice have large, positive effects on the cognitive aspect.
Protein feeds coproduction in biomass conversion to fuels and chemicals

Agriculture has changed greatly in the past in response to changing human needs. Now agriculture is being called on to provide raw materials for very large‐scale fuel and chemical production. Agriculture will change again in response to this demand and all producers and users of agricultural feedstocks will be affected by this change. For example, livestock feeding practices have already changed in response to the availability of distillers' grains from corn ethanol production. A fuels industry based on herbaceous biomass energy crops will be many‐fold larger than the existing corn ethanol industry and will produce its own set of impacts on livestock feeding. We explore here one of these impacts: the availability of large new sources of feed protein from biomass energy crops.
Role of Wnt Signaling Pathways in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis in Relation to VHL and HIF Status

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) encompasses various tumor types characterized by a variety of genetic abnormalities. The genetic changes, like mutations, deletions, and epigenetic alterations, can affect the signaling components and signaling networks, causing the modification of tumor pathogenesis and prognosis of RCC. The most prevalent RCC, clear cell RCC (ccRCC), is asymptomatic in the early stages, refractory to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and has a poorer prognosis compared with the papillary and chromophobe ccRCC types. Loss of the VHL gene and upregulation of oxygen sensors, hypoxiainducible factor alphas (HIF-α), which promote different growth factors, is a signature of sporadic ccRCC. The VHL-HIF-α and Wnt/β-catenin pathways are closely connected and contribute to the ontogeny of ccRCC. This review confines to ccRCC and the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways and its crosstalk with VHL/HIF.
A simple RP-HPLC method for the stability-indicating determination of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and N,N’-diacetyl-L-cystine in cell culture media

N'-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) can exist in the reduced form, containing the sulfhydryl (-SH) group, and it can exist in its oxidized disulfide form N,N'-Diacetyl-L-Cystine (Di-NAC). However, an analytical method that can separate and quantify both compounds in cell treatment supplement media is not yet available, to the best of our knowledge. A stability-indicating RP-HPLC assay method for the determination of NAC and Di-NAC in the cell culture media has been developed. The proposed method showed good linearity for NAC (R = 1.00) and Di-NAC (R = 1.00), accuracy, precision, specificity and system suitability results within the acceptance criteria. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.0001 mg/ml and 0.00018 mg/ml for NAC, and 0.00015 mg/ml and 0.00045 mg/ml for DI-NAC. However, our method can be used for the separation and quantification of NAC in cell treatment media, in vitro dissolution studies and pharmaceutical formulations.