Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análisis epidemiológico de la infección por Chlamydia Trachomatis en Gipuzkoa (2006-2015): Prevalencia en gestantes, impacto en la población y genotipos circulantes

La infeccion por Chlamydia trachomatis es un importante y creciente problema de salud publica mundial y actualmente la primera causa bacteriana de infecciones de transmision sexual. Las principales manifestaciones clinicas son la cervicitis en las mujeres y la uretritis en los hombres, pero frecuentemente puede ser asintomatica diseminandose entre la poblacion sin ser diagnosticada hasta la aparicion de las posibles complicaciones y secuelas. La incidencia de esta infeccion es mayor en mujeres jovenes, en quienes puede ocasionar importantes consecuencias en el aparato reproductor: enfermedad inflamatoria pelvica, patologia tubarica, infertilidad y complicaciones gestacionales como aborto, embarazo ectopico, rotura prematura de membranas y parto pretermino. Ademas, la infeccion puede transmitirse perinatalmente al recien nacido causando conjuntivitis neonatal y neumonia. En el hombre, la infeccion tambien es mas frecuente entre los jovenes y puede ocasionar epididimitis, orquitis y esterilidad.Esta Tesis Doctoral ha estudiado la evolucion de la infeccion por C. trachomatis en Gipuzkoa en los ultimos 10 anos (2006-2015). Para valorar la necesidad de implementar medidas preventivas, entre 2011 y junio de 2015 se estudio la prevalencia de C. trachomatis en puerperas por grupos de edad, asi como su transmision vertical. A nivel molecular, se han estudiado los genotipos circulantes de C. trachomatis y su evolucion temporal, comparando los resultados con la distribucion existente en otras zonas geograficas de Espana distantes de Gipuzkoa.
Use of the SF36 general health status survey to document health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease: effect of disease and response to coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if the SF36 general health status survey has the sensitivity to detect physical function impairments before surgery and the expected improvement in health-related quality of life variables after elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. DESIGN A prospective, nonrandomized study design was used. OUTCOME MEASURES The SF36 general health status survey comprises 36 multiple choice questions sorted into 8 categories, or subscales, that describe overall health status. The scores of this survey were used to measure the outcome. INTERVENTION The SF36 was administered before surgery and at 12-month follow-up. Patients were also queried about the occurrence of angina with normal activities of daily living. RESULTS Before surgery (n = 81), scores for all SF36 subscales (with the exception of mental health) were lower than published normative data, indicating the disease burden of coronary artery disease. At 12-month follow-up, scores in 6 of 8 subscales improved significantly; general health and role-emotional scores did not change. These changes in SF36 scores at follow-up paralleled a decreased occurrence of angina; before CABG surgery, 75% of patients (61 of 81) had angina; at 12-month follow-up, only 3.7% of patients (3 of 81) had angina. CONCLUSIONS The SF36 can be used effectively to document changes in health-related quality of life variables in patients with coronary artery disease after CABG surgery.
Patient Satisfaction and Short-Term Outcome in Elective Cranial Neurosurgery.

BACKGROUND Patient-reported experience is often used as a measure for quality of care, but no reports on patient satisfaction after cranial neurosurgery exist. OBJECTIVE To study the association of overall patient satisfaction and surgical outcome and to evaluate the applicability of overall patient satisfaction as a proxy for quality of care in elective cranial neurosurgery. METHODS We conducted an observational study on the relationship of overall patient satisfaction at 30 postoperative days with surgical and functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score) in a prospective, consecutive, and unselected cohort of 418 adult elective craniotomy patients enrolled between December 2011 and December 2012 at Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. RESULTS Postoperative overall (subjective and objective) morbidity was present in 194 (46.4%) patients; yet almost 94% of all study patients reported high overall satisfaction. Low overall patient satisfaction at 30 days was not associated with postoperative major morbidity in elective cranial neurosurgery. Dependent functional status (mRS score ≥3) at 30 days, minor infections, poor postoperative subjective overall health status, and patient-reported severe symptoms (double vision, poor balance) may contribute to unsatisfactory patient experience. CONCLUSION Overall patient satisfaction with elective cranial neurosurgery is high. Even 9 of 10 patients with postoperative major morbidity rated high overall patient satisfaction at 30 days. Overall patient satisfaction may merely reflect patient experience and subjective postoperative health status, and therefore it is a poor proxy for quality of care in elective cranial neurosurgery.
Occurrence of Four MSHs in Dogfish POMC and Their Immunomodulating Effects

Primary structures of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) have been determined in two out of three taxonomic classes of fish; lamprey 1,2 of cyclostomes in the agnathans, and the sturgeon 3 of chondrosteans, gar 4 of holosteans, chum salmon, 5 rainbow trout, 6 and sockeye salmon 7 of teleosts in the osteichthyans. In contrast to the consistent occurrence of three melanotropins (MSH) in tetrapod POMC, 8 fish POMC varies in the number of MSH types it contains. POMC is, therefore, thought to have evolved in early fish by duplication, insertion, and deletion of MSH genomic segments. However, determination of POMC structure in chondrichthians, the remaining class of fish, is necessary in order to provide insight into the molecular evolution of POMC. On the other hand, it has been indicated that POMC-related peptides exhibit immunomodulating activity. The work described here was undertaken to determine the nucleotide sequence of dogfish POMC cDNA, to identify MSHs in the pituitary gland, and to evaluate the immunomodulating effects of dogfish MSHs.
Les périphrases verbales « venir a/llegar a + VINF » et leur rôle en discours : une approche dialogique

Abstract Based on the « dialogisme » theory developed by Jacques Bres, this paper focuses on the pragmatic effects produced by the use of Spanish verbal periphrases, particularly by the use of « llegar a + infinitive » versus « venir a + infinitive ». It also takes into consideration the characteristics of each auxiliary within the respective periphrasis. With the ongoing process of grammaticalization leading to periphrases, some spatial semantic elements are retained by the auxiliary and the preposition a, which contribute to the utterance-construction. In fact, the respective auxiliary operates as an indicator of the type of relations between the major utterance (E) and the minor ones (e) convoked by the major utterer E1. The analysis of over a thousand authentic examples taken from two corpora of the database Sketch Engine, as well as the classification of the verbs preferably appearing in the infinitive position allows a more precise description of both periphrases. By restricting the analysis to one « shared » infinitive verb (decir), we focus on different pragmatic effects, showing that « venir a + decir » and « llegar a + decir » involve a different type of argumentation. By choosing llegar, E1 indicates that it rejects the minor utterer e1 without providing any rational arguments ; by choosing venir, (a) E1 indicates that it rejects one anterior (e) – effectively produced by e1 – and introduced by « venir a decir » or (b) E1 mentions it rejects a series of minor utterances by providing an exaggerated synthesis the verbal periphrasis introduces. It is a synthesis built by E1 but presented as summarizing a series of minor utterances (e) attributed to e1 utterer. The aim is to dismiss the other’s statements by summarizing them in a magnifying trait synthesis.
Cross-Linking Cellular Prion Protein Triggers Neuronal Apoptosis in Vivo

Neuronal death is a prominent, but poorly understood, pathological hallmark of prion disease. Notably, in the absence of the cellular prion protein (PrPC), the disease-associated isoform, PrPSc, appears not to be intrinsically neurotoxic, suggesting that PrPC itself may participate directly in the prion neurodegenerative cascade. Here, cross-linking PrPC in vivo with specific monoclonal antibodies was found to trigger rapid and extensive apoptosis in hippocampal and cerebellar neurons. These findings suggest that PrPC functions in the control of neuronal survival and provides a model to explore whether cross-linking of PrPC by oligomeric PrPSc can promote neuronal loss during prion infection.
A theory of the MJO horizontal scale

Here we ask, what controls the horizontal scale of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation, i.e., what controls its zonal wave number k? We present a new one‐dimensional (1D) β‐plane model that successfully simulates the MJO with the same governing mechanism as the 2D shallow water model of Yang and Ingersoll (2013). Convection is parameterized as a short‐duration localized mass source that is triggered when the layer thickness falls below a critical value. Radiation is parameterized as a steady uniform mass sink. Both models tend toward a statistically steady state—a state of radiative‐convective equilibrium, not just on a global scale but also on the scale of each MJO event. This gives k ~ (Sc/c)1/2, where Sc is the spatial‐temporal frequency of convection events and c is the Kelvin wave speed. We offer this scaling as a prediction of how the MJO would respond to climate change.
An assessment of the quality of shared outdoor spaces in three South African social housing complexes

This article presents a study that assessed the extent to which the quality of shared outdoor spaces in social housing complexes in the City of Tshwane conformed to specifications of the Social Housing Policy. To conduct this assessment, criteria and indicators were identified from a literature review. Specifications for guiding this assessment were also identified from the Policy. These criteria, indicators and specifications were used to develop an assessment framework. The study found that the quality of the shared outdoor spaces in three case studies only conformed to some extent to the specifications in the Policy. The study concludes that, despite good intentions, the Policy does not contain sufficient detail to guide this assessment and is too ambiguous to have a noteworthy impact on the development of goodquality shared outdoor spaces in future and existing social housing complexes. Recommendations are made related to further research that could possibly address this shortcoming.
Genetic analysis of adenovirus type 2 III. Temperature sensitivity of processing viral proteins

Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis of [35S]methionine-labeled adenovirus type 2-infected KB cell extracts, a total of 23 virus-induced polypeptides was detected. This technique was applied to the analysis of the temperature-sensitive mutant, ts 1, which has previously been shown to be defective in a late function. By means of pulse-chase experiments, ts 1 was shown to be defective in the processing of the precursor polypeptide (Pre VII) to the major core protein VII. Two other putative precursor polypeptides, Va (27K) and Vb (24K), were also not processed. Thus, the ts 1 mutation blocked the appearance of six post-translational clevage products, i. e. , polypeptides VI, VII, VIII, X, XI, and XII. All of these polypeptides are virion components. Processing was temperature sensitive in a shift-up experiment, whereas it was normal in a shift-down experiment. The kinetics of the temperature-shift experiments suggested that infectious virus could be recovered if enough time is provided for processing to take place. Processing was not inhibited by cycloheximide. The analysis of purified virus particles and empty shells (TCs) revealed the presence of the precursor and putative precursor polypeptides Pre-VII, Va and Vb, instead of their cleavage products, in both types of particles. Based on these results we propose that the ts 1 gene codes for or regulates an endoprotease which is responsible for the completion of the last step in virus maturation, that is, the conversion of "young virions" into mature infectious virions by a series of maturation cleavages.
Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung der GMA - Erreichtes und Erwünschtes

Die GMS Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Ausbildung (ZMA) ist das Publikationsorgan der Gesellschaft fur Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA) (http://www.gesellschaftmedizinische-ausbildung.org). Die GMA ist auch der Herausgeber und Eigentumer des Namens der Zeitschrift. Die ZMA erscheint imOpenAccess Portal GermanMedical Science (GMS). GMS ist das interdiziplinare Portal der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF). Derzeit erscheinen vier Ausgaben der ZMA pro Jahr seit dem Fruhjahr 2012 unter unserer neuen Schriftleitung. Was haben wir bisher mit der ZMA erreicht? Was haben wir uns fur die Weiterentwicklung der ZMA vorgenommen? Zunachst mochten wir herzlich den 21 Herausgebern, den 259 aktiven Gutachtern und allen denjenigen danken, die Ihre Beitrage der ZMA zur Veroffentlichung anbieten. Zukunftigmochten wir allen Gutachtern namentlich im Anhang der letzten Ausgabe jeden Jahres fur ihre Arbeit danken. Die ZMA hat in letzter Zeit grose Entwicklungsschritte gemacht. Hier sind vor allem die durchgehende Zweisprachigkeit in deutscher und englischer Sprache seit 05/2010 und die Aufnahme in die offentlich zugangliche Datenbank des US-amerikanischen National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) und in PubMedCentral (siehe http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ journals/1522/) im August 2011 zu nennen. Damit sind wichtige Voraussetzzungen fur eine starkere internationale Sichtbarkeit erfullt, womit gleichzeitig die Zeitschrift noch attraktiver fur Autoren wird. Zahl und Qualitat der in der ZMA veroffentlichtenOriginalarbeiten haben in den letzten Jahren erfreulich zugenommen, was sicherlich als Ausdruck der dynamischen Entwicklung der medizinischen Ausbildungsforschung im deutschsprachigen Raum gewertet werden kann. Obwohl es eigentlich selbstverstandlich scheint, kann dabei der ausfuhrliche Bezug zu Vorarbeiten in der medizinischen Ausbildungsforschung insofern eine Herausforderung sein, als die entsprechende Literatur nicht immer einfach zu finden ist [10], [11]. Das gilt insbesondere dann, wenn sie auserhalb der von den medizinischen Datenbanken erfassten Zeitschriften veroffentlicht wurde. Ahnlich schwierig ist mitunter die Reflexion und ausdruckliche Bezugnahme auf die einer Arbeit zugrundeliegenden theoretischen und konzeptuellen Vorannahmen [2]. Dazu sind namlich haufig Kenntnisse etwa der kognitiven oder padagogischen Psychologie erforderlich. Gerade die explizite Bezugnahme auf Theorien und Konstrukte ist es
A high performance current-balancing instrumentation amplifier for ECG monitoring systems

A high command-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and low input referred noise instrumentation amplifier (IA) is presented for ECG applications. A high pass filter (HPF) with a small-Gm OTA using a current division technique is employed to attain small transconductance, which needs only a small capacitor in the HPF such that the integration on silicon is highly feasible. The proposed design is carried out by TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. CMRR is found to be 127 dB and input referred noise is merely 0.278 according to the simulation results.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 in a cohort of Greek women

To study HPV prevalence and HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 distribution in cervical smears in a cohort of Greek women. One thousand six hundred thirty‐six samples were cytologically evaluated and molecularly analyzed, by PCR based assay. Abnormal cytology was identified in 997 women and 75.4% of them were HPV DNA positive, while 639 had normal cytology and 24.6% were HPV DNA positive. HPV was detected in 62.9% of 256 ASCUS smears, 89.3% of 516 LSIL, 86.7% of 60 HSIL and 47.3% of 165 with cervical carcinoma. Overall, HPV 11 was the most common type (13.4%), followed by 18 (10.3%), 6 (7.2%), 16 (6.4%), 31 (3.4%) and 33 (3.4%). Multiple infections with two (11.3%) or more types, primarily 11 and 18 (4.8%), were also identified. Low‐risk types 11 and 6 were common in ASCUS (36.6% and 26.4%, respectively), and high‐risk types 16 and 18 in HSIL (42.3% and 30.8%, respectively) and in cancer (51.3% and 41%, respectively). Multiple infections were detected in 2.2% of normal and 31.7% of HSIL. HPV prevalence was 75.4% in abnormal and 24.6% in normal cervical smears. HPV 16 and 18 were the most common types in cancer. Single infection with type 11 and multiple infections with 11 and 18 were more frequent. J. Med. Virol. 79:1898–1905, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neural Turing Machines: Convergence of Copy Tasks

The architecture of neural Turing machines is differentiable end to end and is trainable with gradient descent methods. Due to their large unfolded depth Neural Turing Machines are hard to train and because of their linear access of complete memory they do not scale. Other architectures have been studied to overcome these difficulties. In this report we focus on improving the quality of prediction of the original linear memory architecture on copy and repeat copy tasks. Copy task predictions on sequences of length six times larger than those the neural Turing machine was trained on prove to be highly accurate and so do predictions of repeat copy tasks for sequences with twice the repetition number and twice the sequence length neural Turing machine was trained on.
THE EFFECT OF SIZE AND SWIMMING SPEED ON LOCOMOTOR KINEMATICS OF RAINBOW TROUT

1. During swimming at constant speed the frequency ( f ), amplitude ( a ) and depth ( d ) of the tail trailing edge, and the length of the propulsive wave (λ) were measured for rainbow trout ranging in total length (L) from 5.5 to 56.0 cm. Fish were tested in a water flume using increasing velocity tests to sample a range of swimming speeds, V. 2. λ was independent of V and related to size by:λ=1.43L 0.83 so that wavelength was relatively larger in smaller fish. 3. f was related to L and V according to: f =3.19L −⅓ +1.29V/L. 4. a was independent of V but was relatively smaller in larger fish: a =0.36L 0.74 5. d was also independent of V but relatively larger in larger fish: d =0.18L 1.05 6. Thrust power (=drag power) calculated using Lighthill9s small amplitude bulk momentum model was two to three times the theoretical minimum of a flat plate of equivalent length and area moving parallel to the flow with a presumed turbulent boundary layer. 7. Froude efficiency increased with swimming speed, and it is shown that this is the usual relationship for fish studied so far. Froude efficiency was essentially independent of size at the critical swimming speed. 8. Estimated aerobic efficiency increased with size at the critical swimming speed, implying that muscle efficiency also increases with size.
Bayesian binary regression model: an application to in-hospital death after AMI prediction

Um modelo bayesiano de regressao binaria e desenvolvido para predizer obito hospitalar em pacientes acometidos por infarto agudo do miocardio. Metodos de Monte Carlo via Cadeias de Markov (MCMC) sao usados para fazer inferencia e validacao. Uma estrategia para construcao de modelos, baseada no uso do fator de Bayes, e proposta e aspectos de validacao sao extensivamente discutidos neste artigo, incluindo a distribuicao a posteriori para o indice de concordância e analise de residuos. A determinacao de fatores de risco, baseados em variaveis disponiveis na chegada do paciente ao hospital, e muito importante para a tomada de decisao sobre o curso do tratamento. O modelo identificado se revela fortemente confiavel e acurado, com uma taxa de classificacao correta de 88% e um indice de concordância de 83%.
Benefit–Cost Analysis of Addiction Treatment in Arkansas: Specialty and Standard Residential Programs for Pregnant and Parenting Women

A benefit–cost analysis of specialty residential treatment (Specialty) and standard residential treatment (Standard) was conducted on a sample of pregnant and parenting substance abusers from Arkansas. Economic benefits were derived from client self-reported information at treatment entry and at 6-month postdischarge with the use of an augmented version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). The average cost of treatment in Specialty programs was $8,035 versus $1,467 for Standard residential treatment. Average net benefits (benefit–cost ratios) were estimated to be $17,144 (3.1) for Specialty and $8,090 (6.5) for Standard. The main policy implication of this research is that investment in Specialty residential treatment for pregnant and parenting substance-abusing women appears to be economically justified, but future evaluations should analyze larger and more comparable samples to improve power and precision in the benefit–cost statistics.
Selective laser trabeculoplasty as primary treatment for open-angle glaucoma: a prospective, nonrandomized pilot study.

OBJECTIVE To examine the safety and efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty as primary treatment for patients with open-angle glaucoma. METHODS Forty-five eyes of 31 patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (intraocular pressure [IOP] >or=23 mm Hg on 2 consecutive measurements) underwent selective laser trabeculoplasty as primary treatment. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation before and at intervals after treatment. This evaluation included visual acuity, slitlamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy, and visual field analysis. The IOP was measured 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 15, and 18 months postoperatively. During the follow-up period, patients were treated with topical antiglaucoma medications as required. RESULTS Mean +/- SD decreased by 7.7 +/- 3.5 mm Hg (30%), from 25.5 +/- 2.5 mm Hg to 17.9 +/- 2.8 mm Hg (P<.001). Only 2 eyes (4%) did not respond to selective laser trabeculoplasty, and 3 eyes (7%) required topical medications to control their IOP at the end of the follow-up period. Forty eyes (89%) had a decrease of 5 mm Hg or more. Visual acuity, visual fields, and gonioscopic findings remained unchanged. Complications included conjunctival redness and injection within 1 day postoperatively in 30 eyes (67%). One hour after selective laser trabeculoplasty, an increase in IOP of more than 5 mm Hg was detected in 5 eyes (11%), while an increase in IOP between 2 and 5 mm Hg was measured in 3 eyes (7%). CONCLUSION Selective laser trabeculoplasty is effective and safe as a primary treatment for patients with ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma.