Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming XI: the 2010 International Symposium in Midsummer Oslo

This quadrennial conference was hosted in 2010 by the Norwegian Sport University, NIH. Amongst the best performance-related presentations were a case study of a change in butterfly kicking style and large-scale longitudinal studies of talent identification and overtraining in swimmers. Novel Technologies and Analyses: pressure across the hand, active drag, computational fluid dynamics, markerless video analysis, beat the bubbles, frontal cross-sectional area, dataloggers/accelerometers, controlled trials with competitions, free simulation software. Starts and Turns: gliding, starting blocks, step starts, entry styles, underwater turn, start-time feedback, relay changeover, other starts and turns. Strokes and Kicking: limb coordination, freestyle/front crawl, butterfly. Training: reducing volume, overtraining, imagery, altitude, taper, strength. Water Polo: tests, offensive strategies. Miscellaneous: talent identification, trends and performance trajectories, skill acquisition, tests, lactate, swim suits, mushrooms.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Deep Belief Networks for dimensionality reduction

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Lefschetz Fibrations and real Lefschetz fibrations

This note is based on the lectures that I have given during the winter school Winter Braids IV, School on algebraic and topological aspects of braid groups held in Dijon on 10 13 February 2014. The aim of series of three lectures was to give an overview of geometrical and topological properties of 4-dimensional Lefschetz fibrations. Meanwhile, I could briefly introduce real Lefschetz fibrations, fibrations which have certain symmetry, and could present some interesting features of them. This note will be yet another survey article on Lefschetz fibrations. There are excellent lecture notes/ survey papers/ book chapters on Lefschetz fibrations. You can, for example, look at [3], [11], [14], [20] among many others. In this note I intent to take my time on real Lefschetz fibrations as much as on Lefschetz fibrations in order not to repeat what was already done perfectly. 1. Lefschetz fibrations Let X4 be a smooth, connected, compact, oriented 4-manifold; likewise let B be a smooth, connected, compact, oriented 2-manifold, (in this note B will mostly be taken as S2 or D2). A very rough definition of a Lefschetz fibration would be that it is a complex Morse function. Precisely, a Lefschetz fibration on X is a smooth projection π : X4 → B with π(∂X) = ∂B, and such that there are finitely many critical points in the interior of X with distinct images around which one can find complex charts (U ⊂ X,U′ ⊂ C2, φU : U→ U′) and (V ⊂ B,V′ ⊂ C,V : V → V′) such that φV ◦ π ◦ φ−1 U (z1, z2) = z 2 1 + z 2 2. Two Lefschetz fibrations will be considered to be isomorphic if there exist orientation preserving diffeomorphisms H : X→ X and h : B→ B such that π ◦H = h ◦ π. By definition fibers over the regular values (called regular fibers) are compact closed connected oriented surfaces of some fixed genus g (this follows basically from the inverse mapping theorem). Sometimes we use the term genus-g Lefschetz fibration to refer to Lefschetz fibrations whose regular fibers are of genus g. We call the fibers over critical values the singular fibers, (Figure 1.1 schematically illustrates a Lefschetz fibration). Before proceeding further we note that the assumption of distinct critical values is insignificant as we can always perturb (small enough) the projection so that π becomes injective on the critical set. Remark 1.1. As it will be useful in the study of local model, let us note that the notion of Lefschetz fibration can be slightly generalized to cover the case of fibrations whose fibers have non-empty boundary. In this case the boundary of X becomes naturally divided into two parts: the vertical boundary which is the inverse image π−1(∂B), and the horizontal boundary which forms the trivial bundle ∂F× B where F denotes a generic fiber.
An Efficient Artificial Intelligence Based Technique in Diseases Staging and Forecasting

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques offer powerful objective algorithms for analysis of multimodal and high-dimensional data. Recently, these techniques have become a reliable tool in the medical domain. This paper describes an efficient technique for building an application that is capable of forecasting and classifying healthcare information using machine learning as a subfield of AI methods. The algorithm predicts a label for each sample. The sample is a single set of feature data and the label is what category the sample falls into. The algorithm takes many of these samples as the training set, builds an internal model and finally predicts the labels of other samples, called the testing set. We apply this methodology to the breast cancer staging and also to forecast the myocardial infarction and examine the risk assessment using fuzzy clustering and Framingham heart study. The results show that the proposed technique obtains credible outputs that could be integrated in an application to be used in the health care field.
Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Psidium guajava Fresh Fruits and Flour

Psidium guajava fruits are consumed fresh or processed (beverages, syrup, ice cream, jams and jellies). Guayaba is a fruit highly perishable and susceptible to damage during the postharvest. One strategy to overcome this problem is its processing by using techniques that preserve its organoleptic, nutritive and functional properties and allow getting food with added value. The purpose of this study was to obtain flour from fresh fruits cultivated in Argentina Northwestern by lyophilization and to determine the antioxidant activity and the main phytochemicals present in fresh fruits and flour. Nutritional composition (sugar, protein and fat) and the bioactive phytochemicals (total phenolic compounds, flavonoid phenolic, condensed and hydrolizable tannin, ascorbic acid, pigments such as anthocyanin and carotenoids) as well as fiber content, were evaluated. The flour preserved flavor, aroma and color of pulp from fresh fruits. The flour contained around 30% of sugar, 20% of total protein, 0.5% of fat and high level of crude fiber. Carotenoids and ascorbic acid were the dominant phytochemicals in flour as well as in fresh fruits. The guayaba flour showed antioxidant activity with SC50 values similar to fresh fruits. The flour showed nutraceutical characteristics that are demanded by functional food and could be used as a dietary supplement.
Regular dessins d'enfants with field of moduli Q(p√2)

Herradon has recently provided an example of a regular dessin d’enfant whose field of moduli is the non-abelian extension Q ( 3 √2) answering in this way a question due to Conder, Jones, Streit and Wolfart. In this paper we observe that Herradon’s example belongs naturally to an infinite series of such kind of examples; for each prime integer p ≥ 3 we construct a regular dessin d’enfant whose field of moduli is the non-abelian extension Q ( p √2) ; for p = 3 it coincides with Herradon’s example.
Analysis of Performance Factors for Accounting and Finance Related Business Courses in A Distance Education Environment

The objective of this study is to explore business courses performance factors with a focus on accounting and finance. Course score interrelations are assumed to represent interpretable constructs of these factors. Factor analysis is proposed to identify the constructs that explain the correlations. Factor analysis results identify three sub-groups of business core courses. The first group is labeled as management-oriented courses. Accounting, finance and economics courses are separated in two groups: the prior courses group and the subsequent courses group. The clustering order of these three groups was attributed to underlying performance factor similarities. Then, the groups are compared by the pre-assessed ratings of course specific skills and knowledge. The comparison suggests that course requirements for skills and knowledge were the latent variables for the factor analysis. Moreover, multivariate regression analyses are employed to reveal the required level of verbal and quantitative skills for the groups. Management-oriented courses are differentiated from others with requiring verbal skills, managerial skills and knowledge more. Introductory courses require quantitative and analytical reasoning skills more than the subsequent courses in accounting, finance and economics. Mathematics course score fails to be a suitable proxy of numerical processing skills as an accounting course performance factor.
ON Y CARACTERIZACI ´ ON DE UNA PROTEASA TERMOESTABLE ALCALINA PRODUCIDA POR Yarrowia lipolytica PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A THERMOSTABLE ALKALINE PROTEASE PRODUCED BY Yarrowia lipolytica

Purification of the extracellular protease produced by Yarrowia lipolytica was realized in four steps: ammonium sulfate precipitation, anionic exchange (2X) and gel filtration. The enzyme showed molecular weight of 61.5 kDa (SDS-PAGE) and optimum activity at 52.4 o C at pH 10-11. The thermal stability was modified in presence of Ca 2+ (10 mM) providing an increase of 73, 6 and 11% at 40, 50 and 60 o C respectively. The thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy and entropy) indicate that the stability of the enzyme is not provided by non-covalent linkages. Furthermore the ion Ca 2+ is important for thermodynamic stabilization of the enzymatic structure. The proteolytic activity was inhibited by PMSF; suggesting that the enzyme can be classify in the serine protease family. The results of thermodynamic stability allow classifying the protease studied as thermostable. The importance of the Ca 2+ on the thermostability was corroborated; this is the first report on thermal stability and thermodynamic properties of proteases produced by Y. lipolytica.
Has fire suppression increased the amount of carbon stored in western U.S. forests?

Active 20th century fire suppression in western US forests, and a resulting increase in stem density, is thought to account for a significant fraction of the North American carbon sink. We compared California forest inventories from the 1930s with inventories from the 1990s to quantify changes in aboveground biomass. Stem density in mid‐montane conifer forests increased by 34%, while live aboveground carbon stocks decreased by 26%. Increased stem density reflected an increase in the number of small trees and a net loss of large trees. Large trees contain a disproportionate amount of carbon, and the loss of large trees accounts for the decline in biomass between surveys. 20th century fire suppression and increasing stand density may have decreased, rather than increased, the amount of aboveground carbon in western US forests.
OVERSEER AND PHOSPHORUS: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

Increasingly, decision support tools such as OVERSEER ® Nutrient Budgets (OVERSEER) are being used by consultants and policy makers to estimate the likely effects of land management practices on off-farm losses of nutrients, for nutrient allocation, and decisions in policy relating to nutrient management. OVERSEER estimates phosphorus (P) loss. The aim of this paper is to highlight how well OVERSEER currently estimates P loss from farming systems, along with comment on some of its perceived weaknesses and recommendations for improvements to P modelling in OVERSEER. The core of the P loss sub-model was developed and integrated into OVERSEER a decade ago. It accounted for most combinations of P loss from pastoral agricultural systems. However, some agricultural systems were not included due to a lack of data at the time of the sub-model’s development. Since then, new research has been undertaken on P loss from agricultural systems, some of which has been integrated into the P loss sub-model. A number of additions and changes to other sub-models in OVERSEER, which directly affect P loss have also occurred. Currently, comparison between measured P losses from 46 sites with different land use (dairy, deer, forest, sheep/beef and mixed), at a range of scales (<1 ha plots to catchments) indicate OVERSEER can predict P loss well (R 2 >0.80; P<0.001). However, despite the good prediction of P loss, there are modifications that could be made to OVERSEER to improve P loss estimates. It is recognised that some agricultural systems are inadequately modelled e.g. arable cropping, cut and carry, and fodder crop. There is also an opportunity for the standardisation in reporting of separate estimates of P loss via runoff and leaching. Consideration of new features in OVERSEER could include the better estimation of P loss from sediment, and for the model to increase its spatial and temporal capability. Introduction Diffuse losses of phosphorus (P) from agricultural land are increasingly being recognised worldwide as a major cause of surface water degradation (Carpenter et al. 1998). In New Zealand for instance, surface water quality data collected from 35 major river systems between 1989 and 2009 indicated increasing P concentrations (Ballantine and Davies Colley 2014), with some sites exceeding national water quality trigger values. As a result of water quality issues related to nutrient enrichment, increasingly tools such as OVERSEER ® Nutrient Budgets (OVERSEER) are being used by consultants and policy makers to estimate the likely effects of land management practices on off-farm losses of
Microsatellite analysis of the correlation between molecular and morphological traits in assorted maize inbred lines.

The success in identifying heterosis in hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) breeding depends on the availability of reliable genetic diversity among maize inbred lines. Conventional methods of breeding have been boosted by the availability and efficiency of molecular markers. Coupling simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with morphological markers provides thorough starting information for new inbred lines, especially from different genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, recent evidences that the environment can influence the epigenetic structure of the genome have necessitated morphological screening of crops during breeding programmes. This study used 28 agronomic traits and 14 SSR markers which are distributed uniformly in ten (1-10) inbred lines, namely EM11-133, EM12210, OSU23i, CML395, CML202, CML442, CML444, CML208, CML312 and CML204 from Kenya, International Centre for the Improvement of Maize and Wheat (CIMMYT), and another (OSU 23i) from USA. The aim was to investigate their morphological and genetic diversity, categorise the inbred lines into useful groups based on the molecular profiles and morphological traits, and lastly determine the level of phenotype-genotype correlation. The dissimilarity calculated using SSR markers had a mean morphological dissimilarity of 0.895403, an r value of -0.1421 and a p -0.9840. The dissimilarity between the molecular and morphological traits was 0.860465. Comparison between the molecular and morphological data had a dissimilarity matrix with an r 0.2323 and a p value of 0.0120. This was probably due to intrinsic synteny in maize genome. The dendrograms generated with hierarchical Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis of the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient matrices revealed four major clusters. The Co-ancestry distance showed six tied groups with the Kenya cluster showing some differentiation with Exact Tests for population differentiation with a p = 0.0513. The American inbred line (OSU 23i) segregated alone, while the Kenya lines (EM11-133 and EM12-210) had close homology with the CIMMYT inbred lines (CMLs). A total of 2.0 alleles were detected among the inbred lines using bulk DNA samples and 14 SSR loci. Clustering analysis based on the genetic similarity coefficients separated the inbred lines into 4 groups with the American inbred line seeming to be genotypically more diverse from the others.
Cold ironing for greener port stays

Ships require continuous onboard electrical power to supply essential loads as well as hotelling demand. This extends to the period of time spent berthed, where the onboard power is typically provided by running of the vessel’s diesel generators. Cold ironing eliminates these in-harbour emissions by connecting the ship’s electrical network to the shoreside grid. This paper looks at various shoreside network topologies which can provide the required power when berthed from the local supply. Each topology presents different flexibility and efficiency attributes which can be best matched to the expected load by considering the harbour’s visiting ships’ electrical profile. Use is made of a multi-objective particle swarm optimisation algorithm to identify optimal configurations based on berth powers, with a view to reduce installation cost as well as shoreside emissions. These resultant emissions depend not only on the shoreside network but also on the local generation mix which therefore must be taken into account in order to provide a sensible comparison with onboard generation.
Antimicrobial Activity of Different Extracts from Rhizome and Root of Potentilla erecta L. Raeuschel and Potentilla alba L. Rosaceae

The tested plant material of rhizome with roots of Potentillaerecta (L.) Raeuschel and Potentilla alba L. was collected in2003. Determination of the total phenolics content, non-tanninphenols was conducted by applying the method of Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and proanthocyanidin content by Porter.The method used for determination of the antibiotic activitywas used in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia(procedure 2.7.2.) on medium A and bacteria Staphylococcusaureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichiacoli ATCC 8739 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The water,ethyl acetate, acetone and ethanol extracts, prepared earlier,were tested. Medium A was used for testing Staphylococcusaureus and Escherichia coli while Medium F was used fortesting Candida albicans.The values obtained after testing phenol compounds (% ondry plant material) are as follows: the value for Potentillaerecta: total phenolics 16.90%, Non-tannin phenolics 0.09%,Proanthocyanidins 2.70% while the value for Potentilla alba:total phenolics 11.74%, Non-tannin phenolics 0.71%, Proanthocyanidins2.73%. The ethanol and acetone extracts havethe antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli, ethyl acetate extractof rhizome Potentilla erecta, while water extracts of bothtested species in dissolution 1:20 have the antimicrobial effecton Staphylococcus aureus. The tested species have not had anyeffect on Candida albicans fungus. * Part of the work was presented on the International Congress and 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society forMedicinal Plant Research, August 21st – 25th, 2005 Florence,Italy
Waterfowl habitat use and selection during the remigial moult period in the northern hemisphere

This paper reviews factors affecting site selection amongst waterfowl (Anatidae) during the flightless remigial moult, emphasising the roles of predation and food supply (especially protein and energy). The current literature suggests survival during flightless moult is at least as high as at other times of the annual cycle, but documented cases of predation of flightless waterfowl under particular conditions lead us to infer that habitat selection is generally highly effective in mitigating or avoiding predation. High energetic costs of feather replacement and specific amino-acid requirements for their construction imply adoption of special energetic and nutritional strategies at a time when flightlessness limits movements. Some waterfowl meet their energy needs from endogenous stores accumulated prior to remigial moult, others rely on exogenous supply, but this varies with species, age, reproductive status and site. Limited evidence suggests feather proteins are derived from endogenous and exogenous sources which may affect site selection. Remigial moult does not occur independently of other annual cycle events and is affected by reproductive investment and success. Hence, moult strategies are affected by age, sex and reproductive history, and may be influenced by the need to attain a certain internal state for the next stage in the annual cycle (e.g. autumn migration). We know little about habitat selection during moult and urge more research of this poorly known part of the annual cycle, with particular emphasis on identifying key concentrations and habitats for specific flyway populations and the effects of disturbance upon these. This knowledge will better inform conservation actions and management actions concerning waterfowl during moult and the habitats that they exploit.
Analysis of Relationship between O3, NO, and NO2 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

For the first time in the city of Riyadh, the formation of O3 and its relationship with NO and NO2 (NOx) was investigated. Throughout the summer O3, NO, and NO2 were collected from three locations: residential, industrial, and rural areas. During the sampling period O3 concentrations exceeded 1-hour local standards a few times yet remained consistent with the standards most of the time. The O3 concentrations were observed highest in the rural location and lowest in the industrial area. The diurnal variation of NO followed a double peak: one in the morning and the other in the evening, representing the traffic pattern. Early morning NO peaks were observed in the rural location, which were attributed to the movement of NO from other locations. The O3 concentrations depicted typical pattern, increasing after sunrise and reaching its maximum during midday. The highest O3 concentrations were observed in the rural location followed by the residential and industrial. NO2 photolysis rates were 3–4 times higher compared to other similar investigations, potentially due to intense solar radiation. A strong negative correlation was observed between NOx and O3 values in the industrial location indicating photochemical activities around the industrial area were higher, likely due to additional NOx emissions from industries. Regression analysis of NOx and OX (O3 +NO2) indicated that in residential and industrial locations at nighttime there were large NOx independent regional contributions which is attributed to VOCs. The Weekend Effect was observed in the city potentially due to the production of the OH radical and subsequent reactions with VOCs implying that the area is VOC-sensitive.
MENA and the internet : technology and the democratic divide.

This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact thinkir@louisville.edu. Original Publication Information Appears in Assessing MENA Political Reform, Post-Arab Spring: Mediators and Microfoundations, edited by Brian Calfano and Emile Sahliyeh, Lexington Books, 185-197.