Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The JOURNEY active network model

Faster processors are quickly enabling a new class of computationally intensive applications that actively transform information flows. Performing such computation at the terminal end is contrary to current trends toward low-power terminal devices. Moreover, scalability and efficiency concerns are also encouraging service providers to outsource computation when operating under loaded conditions. To address the problem of deploying such applications, we introduce the JOURNEY network model, which provides computation as an integrated network service. Contrary to other distributed computing models, JOURNEY does not attempt to guarantee that a given computational job will indeed be completed. Instead, the JOURNEY model trades off such hard guarantees in favor of architectural simplicity, and hence scalability. In order for the JOURNEY model to be applicable to real-time multimedia flows, we introduce the notion of soft quality-of-service (QoS) that provides a probabilistic bound on the unprocessed packet rate (UPR). Based on this notion, we describe a packet-processing admission control algorithm that additionally takes into consideration a flow's real-time constraints. We also propose a computing router architecture that is based on cluster technology. This architecture can track technology advances in both routing and computing independently. We further present a motivating multimedia application that employs a semantically driven video transcoding service within the JOURNEY framework we implemented, and describe our experience along with performance measurements.
The nature of the antagonism between calcium and magnesium ions at the neuromuscular junction

Calcium and magnesium ions are known to have specific and opposite effects at the prejunctional nerve terminals of several cholinergic synapses. A nerve impulse releases more acetylcholine (ACh) if the concentration of Ca is raised, within limits, or if that of Mg is lowered (del Castillo & Stark, 1952; del Castillo & Engbaek, 1954; Hutter & Kostial, 1954). del Castillo & Katz (1954 a, b) have discussed this antagonism and have put forward tentatively the hypothesis that Ca and Mg compete for some site or carrier molecule, X, in the nerve endings: on the arrival of an impulse, the calcium compound alone breaks down to give Ca and an active form of X, X', which can release or allow the passage of ACh. Thus the output of ACh should depend on the proportion of the total concentration of X which is combined with calcium. In the present experiments, end-plate potentials (e.p.p.'s) in curarized frog muscle have been measured over a range of Ca and Mg concentrations, and the results have been compared with the predictions of this hypothesis.
Compiler Framework for Reconfigurable Computing Architecture

Compiler is the most important supporting tool to facilitate the use of reconfigurable computing architecture (RCA). In this paper, a template-based compiler framework is proposed. This compiler can synthesize the executables for RCA from native high-level programming language source code directly. It supports to generate run-time dynamic configuration context. And it is capable to generate both full configuration context and partial configuration context. Experimental results show that the executables generated by the proposed compiler can achieve better execution performance and smaller configuration context size than previous compilers. Moreover, this compiler does not require the programmer to have any extra knowledge about the hardware architecture of RCA.
Forest fragmentation is associated with primary brood sex ratio in the treecreeper (Certhia familiaris)

We studied the primary brood sex ratio of an old–growth forest passerine, the Eurasian treecreeper (Certhia familiaris), along a gradient of forest fragmentation. We found evidence that male nestlings were more costly to produce, since they suffered twofold higher nestling mortality and were larger in body size than females. Furthermore, the proportion of males in the brood was positively associated with the provisioning rate and the amount of food delivered to the nestlings. During the first broods, a high edge density and a high proportion of pine forests around the nests were related to a decreased production of males. The densities of spiders, the main food of the treecreeper, were 38% higher on spruce trunks than on pine trunks. This suggests that pine–dominated territories with female–biased broods may have contained less food during the first broods. The observation was further supported by the fact that the feeding frequencies were lower in territories with high proportions of pines. In the second broods, territories with a high forest patch density produced female–biased broods, whereas high–quality territories with a large amount of deciduous trees and mixed forests produced male–biased broods. Our results suggest that habitat quality as measured by habitat characteristics is associated with sex allocation in free–living birds.
The impact of stress in decision making in the context of uncertainty

For a number of decades, different fields of knowledge, including psychology, economics, and neurosciences, have focused their research efforts on a better understanding of the decision‐making process. Making decisions based on the probability of future events is routine in everyday life; it occurs whenever individuals select an option from several alternatives, each one associated with a specific value. Sometimes subjects decide knowing the precise outcomes of each option, but commonly they have to decide without knowing the consequences (because either ambiguity or risk is involved). Stress has a broad impact on animal behaviors, affects brain regions involved in decision‐making processes, and, when maladaptive, is a trigger for neuropsychiatric disorders. This Mini‐Review provides a comprehensive overview on how stress impacts decision‐making processes, particularly under uncertain conditions. Understanding this can prove to be useful for intervention related to impairments to decision‐making processes that present in several stress‐triggered neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluación auditiva neonatal universal: Revisión de 10.000 pacientes estudiados

Introduccion: La hipoacusia es la discapacidad congenita mas frecuente entre los recien nacidos vivos y su diagnostico precoz e intervencion temprana permiten un desarrollo social y educacional normal en el nino. Objetivo: Revisar la experiencia del programa de evaluacion auditiva universal de nuestra institucion. Material y metodo: Estudio retrospectivo de todos los recien nacidos evaluados entre mayo de 2001 y diciembre de 2007. El tamizaje auditivo se realizo mediante emisiones otoacusticas y potenciales evocados auditivos automatizados. Resultados: En el periodo de estudio fueron evaluados 10.095 recien nacidos, pesquisandose 30 casos de hipoacusia congenita. La mayoria de estas (80%) correspondieron a hipoacusias leves a moderadas. El diagnostico de hipoacusia estaba confirmado antes de los 3 meses de vida en el 88,5% de los casos. Se calculo una tasa de hipoacusia congenita de 2,8 por cada 1.000 recien nacidos en sala cuna y de 21 por cada 1.000 recien nacidos de alto riesgo (UTI neonatal). Discusion: En nuestros resultados destacan la amplia cobertura lograda y la precocidad del diagnostico, lo que ha permitido realizar una oportuna intervencion y rehabilitacion.
A study of two color systems used in content-based image query on medical imagery

The article presents a comparative study over two methods used in content-based visual query. The two methods refer at two different color systems used for representing color information from images: HSV quantized to 166 colors and l1l2l3 quantized to 64 colors. The originality of the study comes from the fact that it was made on a database with medical images from digestive tract area, captured by an endoscope. The scope was to check the quality of the content-based visual query on images representing five different diagnoses (colitis, ulcer, esophagitis, polyps and ulcerous tumor) and taking into consideration that some parameters were modified during the capturing process: viewing direction, intensity and direction of the illumination, parameters that affect mostly the medical images captured during the diagnosis process.
Oxidative stress regulates cellular bioenergetics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell

The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of oxidative stress induced by CoCl2 and H2O2 on the regulation of bioenergetics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell line TE-1 and analyze its underlying mechanism. Western blot results showed that CoCl2 and H2O2 treatment of TE-1 cells led to significant reduction in mitochondrial respiratory chain complex subunits expression and increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We further found that TE-1 cells treated with CoCl2, a hypoxia-mimicking reagent, dramatically reduced the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and increased the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). However, H2O2 treatment decreased both the mitochondrial respiration and aerobic glycolysis significantly. Moreover, we found that H2O2 induces apoptosis in TE-1 cells through the activation of PARP, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9. Therefore, our findings indicate that CoCl2 and H2O2 could cause mitochondrial dysfunction by up-regulation of ROS and regulating the cellular bioenergy metabolism, thus affecting the survival of tumor cells.
Cluster characterization in urban macrocellular environments with ray-tracing

This paper presents cluster parameters from 3D ray- tracing simulations at 2GHz in short range macrocellular envi- ronments. Clusters are extracted from the simulated data using a new automatic algorithm. Important statistics of the clusters are carried out: i.e. total number of clusters, distribution of the clus- ter power, number of dominant clusters, relation between num- ber of BS-clusters and number of MS-clusters and life time of a cluster along a measurement route. The obtained results will help to parameterize cluster based double-directional channel models.
Antigenic variants of herpes simplex virus selected with glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies specific for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoproteins were used to demonstrate that HSV undergoes mutagen-induced and spontaneous antigenic variation. Hybridomas were produced by polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of P3-X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice infected with HSV-1 (strain KOS). Hybrid clones were screened for production of HSV-specific neutralizing antibody. The glycoprotein specificities of the antibodies were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitates of radiolabeled infected-cell extracts. Seven hybridomas producing antibodies specific for gC, one for gB, and one for gD were characterized. All antibodies neutralized HSV-1 but not HSV-2. Two antibodies, one specific for gB and one specific for gC, were used to select viral variants resistant to neutralization by monoclonal antibody plus complement. Selections were made from untreated and bromodeoxyuridine- and nitrosoguanidine-mutagenized stocks of a plaque-purified isolate of strain KOS. After neutralization with monoclonal antibody plus complement, surviving virus was plaque purified by plating at limiting dilution and tested for resistance to neutralization with the selecting antibody. The frequency of neutralization-resistant antigenic variants selected with monoclonal antibody ranged from 4 X 10(-4) in nonmutagenized stocks to 1 X 10(-2) in mutagenized stocks. Four gC and four gB antigenic variants were isolated. Two variants resistant to neutralization by gC-specific antibodies failed to express gC, accounting for their resistant phenotype. The two other gC antigenic variants and the four gB variants expressed antigenically altered glycoproteins and were designated monoclonal-antibody-resistant, mar, mutants. The two mar C mutants were tested for resistance to neutralization with a panel of seven gC-specific monoclonal antibodies. The resulting patterns of resistance provided evidence for at least two antigenic sites on glycoprotein gC.
Impact of open-ocean convection on particle fluxes and sediment dynamics in the deep margin of the Gulf of Lions

The deep outer margin of the Gulf of Lions and the adjacent basin, in the western Mediterranean Sea, are regularly impacted by open-ocean convection, a major hydrodynamic event responsible for the ventilation of the deep water in the western Mediterranean Basin. However, the impact of open-ocean convection on the flux and transport of particulate matter remains poorly understood. The variability of water mass properties (i.e., temperature and salinity), currents, and particle fluxes were monitored between September 2007 and April 2009 at five instrumented mooring lines deployed between 2050 and 2350-m depth in the deepest continental margin and adjacent basin. Four of the lines followed a NW–SE transect, while the fifth one was located on a sediment wave field to the west. The results of the main, central line SC2350 ("LION") located at 42°02.5′ N, 4°41′ E, at 2350-m depth, show that open-ocean convection reached mid-water depth (≈ 1000-m depth) during winter 2007–2008, and reached the seabed (≈ 2350-m depth) during winter 2008–2009. Horizontal currents were unusually strong with speeds up to 39 cm s −1 during winter 2008–2009. The measurements at all 5 different locations indicate that mid-depth and near-bottom currents and particle fluxes gave relatively consistent values of similar magnitude across the study area except during winter 2008–2009, when near-bottom fluxes abruptly increased by one to two orders of magnitude. Particulate organic carbon contents, which generally vary between 3 and 5%, were abnormally low (≤ 1%) during winter 2008–2009 and approached those observed in surface sediments (≈ 0.6%). Turbidity profiles made in the region demonstrated the existence of a bottom nepheloid layer, several hundred meters thick, and related to the resuspension of bottom sediments. These observations support the view that open-ocean deep convection events in the Gulf of Lions can cause significant remobilization of sediments in the deep outer margin and the basin, with a subsequent alteration of the seabed likely impacting the functioning of the deep-sea ecosystem.
Robust node selection for cooperative spectrum sensing with malicious users

This paper proposes a practical sensing node selection for cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio network, where malicious users could falsify sensing data. Previously reported sensing node selection techniques are applicable to scenarios where sensing nodes are assumed to send reliable reports, and do not have the mechanisms to check their trustworthiness. In this paper we propose a robust sensing node selection algorithm which evaluates the level of trustworthiness via a weighted consistency check with reports of trusted nodes. Simulation results show that existing node selection techniques would include malicious users in cooperative sensing such that the performance is significantly degraded. Our proposed algorithm is shown to exhibit robustness and effectiveness in the presence of malicious users, while preserving efficiency in friendly environments.
Coarse frequency offset estimation using a delayed auto-quadricorrelator in OFDM-based WLANs

This paper presents a frequency offset estimation scheme using a delayed auto-quadricorrelation method which takes advantage of the symmetric property of a short training preamble in OFDM-based WLANs. Based on the discovered symmetries between real and imaginary values in the short training preamble, we present an effective frequency offset estimation scheme which widens the estimation range to one quarter the sampling frequency (0.25fs =5MHz) in an ideal condition and up to ten times the subcarrier spacing (10xfsub = 3125 KHz) in WLAN under the noisy environment.
The role of empathy in the recognition of vocal emotions

Abstract The study addresses the role of empathy in the recognition of vocal emotions (joy, anger, sadness) when they are moderately expressed in speech which is listened to without the speaker being seen. The test was taken by 67 adults (29 male and 38 female subjects aged 30–60), whose empathy level had previously been measured by Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright’s self-report questionnaire, the Empathy Quotient (EQ). In the test group only men (n=14) had a low empathy level (EQ 51). A comparison of the men (n=15) and women (n=22) who had a medium empathy quotient showed that gender was a factor in the recognition of emotions. To eliminate the possible gender influence, the recognition of emotions was tested by comparing the results of the men with a low EQ with those of the men with a medium EQ and the results of the women with a medium EQ with those of the women with a high EQ. According to the results, personal empathic ability does not affect the recognition of emotions from the voice.
The role of p34 kinases in the G1 to S-phase transition.

INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW. 529 G 1 TO S-PHASE CONTROL IN YEAST . : 530 The Concept of START . 530 The Cdc28 Protein Kinase . 531 Yeast G1 Cyclins . 532 The Dynamics of Yeast G1 Cyclins . 534 Regulation and Deregulation of the Cell Cycle by Gl Cyclins . 535 Regulation ofG1 Cyclin Biosynthesis . 536 Other Gl Cyclins in S. cerevisiae . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ . 538 G 1 Substrates of the Cdc28 Kinase . 539 Other Elements Involved in GI Control . _ . 541 An S-phase Role for Cdc28? _ . 541 Gl to S-phnse Control in Fission Yeast . _ . 542 THE Gl TO S-PHASE TRANSITION IN METAZOANS. 543 Embryonic Cell Cycles . 544 GlIS-phase Control in Somatic Cells in Tissue Culture 545 Participation of p34 Kinases in the Gl to S-phase Transition. 547 Novel Cyclins . 548 Gl versus S-phase Functions 550
Northwest Lands, Northwest Peoples: Readings in Environmental History

It can be said that all of human history is environmental history, for all human action happens in an environment--in a place. This collection of essays explores the environmental history of the Pacific Northwest of North America, addressing questions of how humans have adapted to the northwestern landscape and modified it over time, and how the changing landscape in turn affected human society, economy, laws, and values. "Northwest Lands and Peoples" includes essays by historians, anthropologists, ecologists, a botanist, geographers, biologists, law professors, and a journalist. It addresses a wide variety of topics indicative of current scholarship in the rapidly growing field of environmental history. "A wide ranging and provocative collection of essays.should work well in college courses of various disciplines.valuable to land managers, agency scientists, urban planners, and others involved with environmental issues in the region. " - Mark Harvey, author of "A Symbol of Wilderness: Echo Park and the American Conservation Movement". "An ambitious and effective collection of important articles on various aspects of the environmental history of the Pacific Northwest.The collection will supplement courses in Northwest history, geography, natural resource management, and environmental studies, as well as American studies, environmental sociology, environmental policy, and environmental law. " - Stephen Haycox, University of Alaska Anchorage.Dale D. Goble is professor of law at the University of Idaho and a former solicitor for the U.S. Department of Interior. Paul W. Hirt teaches western and environmental history at Washington State University. Other contributors include Carl Abbott, Katherine Aiken, Michael Blumm, Thomas Cox, Douglas Deur, William Dietrich, Kathleen A. Dwire, Eric Ewert, Mark Fiege, Dan Flores, Katherine Hansen, Eugene Hunn, J. Boone Kauffman, Arthur R. Kruckeberg, William L. Lang, Nancy Langston, Bruce A. McIntosh, Alan G. Marshall, Paul Martin, Carolyn Merchant, Katherine G. Morrissey, William G. Robbins, Christine R. Szuter, Barbara Wester, William Wyckoff, and Dorothy Zeisler-Vralstad.
Comparison of a Paired or Sequential Stimulation Paradigm with Advanced Bionics' High-Resolution Mode

Objective: Simultaneous stimulation on two channels was investigated with respect to fully sequential stimulation while controlling for the number of channels and the stimulation rate used. Study Design: Only subjects having at least 6 months' experience with conventional Clarion speech coding strategies (CIS, PPS, or SAS) were included. A counterbalanced cross-over design was used to compare the paired stimulation paradigm to the sequential stimulation paradigm. Setting: The investigation was a prospective, within-subject, repeated-measures experiment. Patients: The study group consisted of 13 postlingually deafened adult subjects. Interventions: The following programs were evaluated: 1) 16-channel paired stimulation with 5000 pps per channel; 2) 16-channel sequential stimulation with 2500 pps per channel; and 3) 8-channel sequential stimulation with 5000 pps per channel. Main Outcome Measures: Speech perception tests in quiet and noise, Quality Assessment Questionnaire. Results: On average, both sequential stimulation programs showed comparable results, whereas the program with paired stimulation, on average, provided poorer performance. Several subjects showed a remarkable drop in performance when changing from sequential to paired mode. Although a few subjects showed better performance in quiet when using paired stimulation, they still had poorer performance in noise. A weak trend was found linking the difference between program levels in paired or in sequential stimulation paradigm to the difference in performance with these two settings. Conclusion: Results indicate that for all subjects in this group sequential stimulation is more appropriate than paired stimulation. Subjective reports, as well as formal speech perception testing, show that the difference between the two paradigms is pronounced, especially when evaluating in the presence of background noise, the test condition more representative of everyday listening.
Experimental Allergic Neuritis: Demyelination Induced by P2 Alone and Non‐Specific Enhancement by Cerebroside

Experimental allergic neuritis was induced in male inbred Lewis rats immunized with myelin, P2 alone, P2 mixed with galactocerebroside and P2 mixed with glucocerebroside. Neurological deficit started significantly earlier in myelin-immunized rats than in P2-immunized rats. Although myelin-immunized rats appeared most severely affected, differences between the groups in maximum neurological deficit were not significant. The course of the disease of the P2-galactocerebroside-immunized animals did not differ from that of the P2-glucocerebroside-immunized group. Histologically, cellular infiltration and demyelination were more conspicuous 12 days after immunization in the group immunized with myelin than in the other rats. After 21 days, primary demyelination was prominent in all groups: its frequency and severity were similar in the myelin-immunized and P2-immunized animals. The P2-galactocerebroside-immunized group had significantly more frequent demyelination than the P2-immunized rats, but did not differ in this or any other respect from the P2-glucocerebroside-immunized group. Wallerian degeneration was prominent in all groups at this stage. We conclude that P2 alone does induce demyelination and that galactocerebroside added to the immunizing emulsion enhances the response but no more than the non-myelin lipid glucocerebroside.