Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic methods for valuing the outcomes of genetic testing: beyond cost-effectiveness analysis

Genetic testing in health care can provide information to help with disease prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Assessing the clinical utility of genetic testing requires a process to value and weight different outcomes. This article discusses the relative merits of different economic measures and methods to inform recommendations relative to genetic testing for risk of disease, including cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-benefit analysis. Cost-effectiveness analyses refer to analyses that calculate the incremental cost per unit of health outcomes, such as deaths prevented or life-years saved because of some intervention. Cost-effectiveness analyses that use preference-based measures of health state utility such as quality-adjusted life-years to define outcomes are referred to as cost-utility analyses. Cost-effectiveness analyses presume that health policy decision makers seek to maximize health subject to resource constraints. Cost-benefit analyses can incorporate monetary estimates of willingness-to-pay for genetic testing, including the perceived value of information independent of health outcomes. These estimates can be derived from contingent valuation or discrete choice experiments. Because important outcomes of genetic testing do not fit easily within traditional measures of health, cost-effectiveness analyses do not necessarily capture the full range of outcomes of genetic testing that are important to decision makers and consumers. We recommend that health policy decision makers consider the value to consumers of information and other nonhealth attributes of genetic testing strategies.
Platform switching and matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid.

OBJECTIVES The concept of platform switching has been introduced to implant therapy, however long-term data are sparse. The aim of this study was to biochemically investigate the inflammatory response mediated by MMP-8 to platform switching after 3 years of loading, in order to understand the long-term effect of implant/abutment mismatching on peri-implant health. METHODS A total of 70 implants had been inserted in the posterior maxilla in 26 patients and were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment regimens (implant diameter 3.8 [control group], 4.3 [Test group 1, T(1)], 4.8 [Test group 2, T(2)] and 5.5 mm [Test group 3, T(3)]). All implants were restored using a 3.8 mm abutment. In the test groups, this restoration resulted in a mismatching of 0.25-0.85 mm of implant-abutment diameters. RESULTS Thirty-six months after prosthetic rehabilitation, peri-implant sulcular fluid samples were taken from two aspects of all implants and from periodontally healthy adjacent teeth. Samples were processed in a conventional ELISA using monoclonal antibodies recognizing the active entity of MMP-8. In the test groups, MMP-8 mean values were 2.76 ng for T(1) (SD: 2.91), 3.30 ng for T(2) (SD: 1.94) and 3.18 ng for T(3) (SD: 2.46). For the control group, MMP-8 mean value was 3.6 ng (SD: 2.23), whereas 3.38 ng (SD: 2.2) was recorded at the adjacent teeth. There were no statistically significant differences in MMP-8 values between the groups (P=0.113, Kruskal-Wallis). CONCLUSIONS The presence of an implant/abutment mismatching specific for this prosthetic concept is compatible with long-term peri-implant health as demonstrated by analysis of a sensitive biomarker of the peri-implant inflammatory response.
Kompressibilitäts- und Dissipationseffekte in turbulenten Scherströmungen

Einflusse von Kompressibilitat auf die Bilanzgleichung der solenoidalen Dissipationsrate turbulenter kinetischer Energie werden anhand direkter numerischer Simulationen von freien und wandgebundenen turbulenten Scherstromungen untersucht. Die Bilanzgleichung enthalt gegenuber ihrer inkompressiblen Formulierung zusatzliche Terme, die die Divergenz der Geschwindigkeit und den Gradienten der Dichte enthalten. Von diesen Termen ist nur der barokline Term von Bedeutung, und dies auch nur im Fall freier, dichtegeschichteter Turbulenz. Fur diesen Term wird ein Modell vorgeschlagen. Fur Produktions-, Destruktions- und Transportterme konnen inkompressible Modelle nach einer Modifikation, die in der Einfuhrung veranderlicher Dichte und Viskositat besteht, auch in kompressiblen Stromungen verwendet werden. Dies ist moglich, da sich die Koeffizienten der modifizierten Modelle als unabhangig von Kompressibilitatsbedingungen erweisen.
Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances.

To study the effect of dietary fat on postprandial substrate utilization and nutrient balance, respiratory exchange was determined in seven young men for 1 h before and 9 h after the ingestion of one of three different breakfasts: i.e., bread, jam, and dried meat (482 kcal: 27% protein, 62% carbohydrate, and 11% fat); bread, jam, and dried meat plus 50 g of margarine containing long-chain triglycerides (LCT); or bread, jam, and dried meat plus 40 g medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) and 10 g LCT margarine (858 kcal: 15% protein, 35% carbohydrate, and 50% fat). Plasma glucose concentrations peaked 45 min after the start of the meals. When compared with the low fat meal, the LCT margarine supplement had no effect at any time on circulating glucose and insulin concentrations, nor on the respiratory quotient. When MCTs were consumed, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations remained lower and plasma FFA concentrations higher during the first 2 h. 9 h after the breakfasts, the amounts of substrates oxidized were similar in each case, i.e., approximately 320, 355, and 125 kcal for carbohydrate, fat, and protein, respectively. This resulted in comparable carbohydrate (mean +/- SD = -22 +/- 32, -22 +/- 37, and -24 +/- 22 kcal) and protein balances (-7 +/- 9, +7 +/- 7, and -8 +/- 11 kcal) after the low fat, LCT- and MCT-supplemented test meals, respectively. However, after the low fat meal, the lipid balance was negative (-287 +/- 60 kcal), which differed significantly (P less than 0.001) from the fat balances after the LCT- and MCT-supplemented meals, i.e., +60 +/- 33 and +57 +/- 25 kcal, respectively. The results demonstrate that the rates of fat and of carbohydrate oxidation are not influenced by the fat content of a meal.
A Generalized Approach for SAR and MIMO Radar Imaging of Building Interior Targets With Compressive Sensing

Most existing methods on compressive sensing (CS) for through-the-wall radar imaging (TWRI) are developed for monostatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and are only capable of target imaging behind a single-layer wall. In this letter, a generalized Green's function-based approach for the imaging of targets behind single- or multilayered building walls with CS is proposed. The approach is applicable to both SAR and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar. By exploiting the sparsity of the target space, a less cluttered high-resolution image can be achieved with far fewer measurements. The number of antenna elements in the MIMO radar system can be significantly reduced using the proposed approach, resulting in an overall reduction of the complexity and cost of MIMO radar for TWRI applications. Numerical results are presented to show that high-quality focused image can be achieved under various wall-target scenarios for both SAR and MIMO radar.
Action of recombinant human BMP‐2 on fracture healing in rabbits is dependent on the mechanical environment

The utility of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) in inducing bone formation in fractures of bone is well known. However, the influence of the mechanical environment on the actions of rhBMP‐2 on fracture healing is not clear. An experimental model of fractures of the tibia in rabbits was developed and utilized to investigate the role of mechanical environment on rhBMP‐2 action. A 1 mm osteotomy gap was stabilized by either a low‐ or high‐stiffness fixator (LSF or HSF, respectively), and local treatment with rhBMP‐2 in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) was evaluated. The results of the investigation were analysed by both histomorphometry and biomechanics. The LSF caused an increase in mineralized periosteal callus compared to HSF, the rhBMP‐2 in ACS accelerated fracture healing only in the LSF group but not in the HSF group. The area of mineralized tissue in interfragmentary callus was determined by fixation stiffness and not by BMP treatment. rhBMP‐2 caused higher bone resorption in the endosteal callus during the late stages of fracture healing, but these histological differences did not affect the mechanical properties. Biomechanical evaluation showed only differences at 3 weeks between LSF‐rhBMP‐2 and LSF–ACS. The bending and torsional properties were higher in the rhBMP‐2/ACS group compared to ACS alone at 3 weeks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impeachment, facebook e discurso de ódio: a incivilidade e o desrespeito nas fanpages das senadoras da república

As redes sociais online, em especial o Facebook, plataforma observada nessa pesquisa, tem se apresentado como arenas de fomento ao odio e incitacao a violencia. O objetivo desse trabalho e? analisar as pra? ticas de discurso de o? dio que se con guraram nos per s o ciais das senadoras da Repu? blica entre os dias 27 de Agosto e 03 de setembro - espaco temporal que abarca a conclusao do processo de impeachment da Presidente Dilma Rousseff. Para isso, utilizamos de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, com vies teorico-metodologico de analise de conteudo em Midias Sociais. A coleta de postagens e comentarios foi realizada pelo software Netvizz e o universo de nido por palavras-chave. Um aplicativo, desenvolvido especialmente para a pesquisa, ltrou e organizou os posts e comments, codi cando automaticamente 7 (sete) das 15 (quinze) variaveis propostas. Espera-se que as ana? lises e discussoes geradas pelo trabalho possam contribuir com os estudos de discurso de o? dio nas Midias Sociais e encorajar futuras pesquisas de maior alcance.
Genome-Wide Identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genes Required for Maximal Tolerance to Ethanol

ABSTRACT The understanding of the molecular basis of yeast resistance to ethanol may guide the design of rational strategies to increase process performance in industrial alcoholic fermentations. In this study, the yeast disruptome was screened for mutants with differential susceptibility to stress induced by high ethanol concentrations in minimal growth medium. Over 250 determinants of resistance to ethanol were identified. The most significant gene ontology terms enriched in this data set are those associated with intracellular organization, biogenesis, and transport, in particular, regarding the vacuole, the peroxisome, the endosome, and the cytoskeleton, and those associated with the transcriptional machinery. Clustering the proteins encoded by the identified determinants of ethanol resistance by their known physical and genetic interactions highlighted the importance of the vacuolar protein sorting machinery, the vacuolar H+-ATPase complex, and the peroxisome protein import machinery. Evidence showing that vacuolar acidification and increased resistance to the cell wall lytic enzyme β-glucanase occur in response to ethanol-induced stress was obtained. Based on the genome-wide results, the particular role of the FPS1 gene, encoding a plasma membrane aquaglyceroporin which mediates controlled glycerol efflux, in ethanol stress resistance was further investigated. FPS1 expression contributes to decreased [3H]ethanol accumulation in yeast cells, suggesting that Fps1p may also play a role in maintaining the intracellular ethanol level during active fermentation. The increased expression of FPS1 confirmed the important role of this gene in alcoholic fermentation, leading to increased final ethanol concentration under conditions that lead to high ethanol production.
A virtual framework of robotic SWARM testbed

A robotic SWARM testbed is presented in a companion paper, as complementarities, we present a virtual framework of this robotic SWARM testbed for the same objective. The similarities of these two approaches are both trying to implement formation control algorithms onto robots and generate certain criteria to adapt the algorithms to the dynamics of the agents. Comparing to the physical testbed, this virtual framework has a lot of benefits. For instance, the agents can be either any kind of commercialized robots or even the ones not existing that we can design by our own, which means it could have some advanced features, such as self localization capability and global knowledge of their circumstances. These are demonstrated using an example of coordinated standoff tracking task. Furthermore, a virtual framework enables provision of co-simulation capability which is critical for SWARM testbed
Amélioration de l'apprentissage des clauses par symétrie dans les solveurs SAT

Le probleme de satisfiabilite (SAT) est le premier probleme de decision a avoir ete montre NP-complet. Il est central en theorie de la complexite. Une for- mule mise sous forme CNF contient un nombre inte- ressant de symetries. En d'autres termes, la formule reste invariante si l'on permute quelques variables. De telles permutations sont les symetries de la formule et leurs eliminations peuvent conduire a une preuve plus courte pour la satisfiabilite. D'autre part, de nom- breuses ameliorations ont ete apportees dans les sol- veurs actuels. Les solveurs de type CDCL sont aujour- d'hui capables de resoudre de maniere efficace des problemes industriels de tres grande taille (en nombre de variables et de clauses). Ces derniers utilisent des structures de donnees paresseuses, des politiques de redemarrage et apprennent de nouvelles clauses a chaque echec au cours de la recherche. Bien que l'uti- lisation des symetries et l'apprentissage de clauses s'averent etre des principes puissants, la combinai- son des deux n'a encore jamais ete exploitee. Dans cet article, nous allons montrer comment la symetrie peut etre utilisee afin d'ameliorer l'apprentissage dans des solveurs de type CDCL. Nous avons mis en ap- plication l'apprentissage par symetries dans MiniSat et nous l'avons experimente sur differents problemes. Nous avons compare MiniSat avec et sans apprentis- sage par symetries. Les resultats obtenus sont tres en- courageants et montrent que l'utilisation des symetries dans l'apprentissage est profitable pour des solveurs a base de CDCL.
ISTH/SSC lupus anticoagulant testing guidelines: how far have these been adopted by laboratories?

clinical development of the rule. First, the simplified version is easier to memorize and compute, which could increase its acceptability. Second, the confirmation of the good performances of this standardized rule should increase its systematic use and encourage the use of prognostic assessment tools for all patients with acute PE in daily clinical practice. Third, the use of the PESI rule might increase physician adherence for outpatient treatment. As outpatient treatment of well-selected patients has the potential to increase patients satisfaction and reduce the cost of care, this is an important issue. Whether utilization of the PESI rule can safely increase the proportion of patients treated as outpatients remains however to be assessed in an impact analysis.
Expression of soluble and catalytically active plant (monocot) beta-glucosidases in E. coli.

Complementary DNAs encoding mature beta-glucosidase proteins Glu1 and Glu2 of maize were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into the expression vector pET21a. Both Glu1 and Glu2 isozymes were expressed in high yield ( approximately 3.8% of the total soluble protein and 32% of the total expressed protein) in E. coli. Recombinant enzymes were active on a variety of artificial and natural substrates at levels similar to those of their native counterparts isolated from maize seedlings. Western blot analysis confirmed that both recombinant isozymes were immunoreactive with maize anti-beta-glucosidase sera and their molecular sizes were identical to those of the native maize Glu1 and Glu2 isozymes. Zymogram assays in native gels revealed that recombinant enzymes had the same electrophoretic mobility and substrate specificity as their native counterparts.
The Clinical Assessment of a Patient with Schizophrenia

Young people presenting with psychotic symptoms pose a myriad of challenges for the clinician. Often there can be concomitant drug and alcohol abuse, poor family relations and a long period of untreated psychosis. All of these factors can result in poorer prognosis for the client. This case highlights the importance of thorough assessment of mental state, symptoms and cognitive functioning in an adolescent patient with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia, the most common psychotic disorder. While this case has a neuropsychological focus, understanding the cognitive profile of this type of patient can lay the groundwork for development of an appropriate treatment plan. Schizophrenia is the rnost common psychotic disorder. With a lifetime prevalence of approximately 4 people in 1000 (Saha, Chant, Welham, & McGrath, 2005), it is a relatively rare disorder. However, it has a high burden of disease. Based on the number of years a person will live with their disorder, it is one of the ten leading causes of disability worldwide (F1eishman, 2003). The age of onset for males is typically between the ages of 17 and 25, for women it is usually in the midto late-twenties. Because it affects people at such a young age, often people with schizophrenia do not have the opportunity to
Principles and applications of simulations in the interpretation of ECG and EEG

This short review on the genesis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) covers: the principal analytical and numerical methods for computing potential distributions in a volume condutor; the main effects of conductivity inhomogenities on the ECG and EEG; dynamic simulations of the ECG and EEG; and different bases for inverse solutions.
Model and optimal transmission scheduling of Multi-Hop Multi-Channel WCL

The collaborative nature of industrial wireless network system(IWNS) brings several advantages over traditional wired industrial monitoring and control systems, while commercial products and real-world deployments of IWNS are faced with harsh reliability and predictability issues, which are mainly attributed to the unreliable nature of individual wireless link. In this paper, we research Multi-Hop Multi-Channel wireless communication link(WCL). We model Multi-Hop Multi-Channel WCL at first, and then we present a optimal transmission scheduling policy based on join allocation of slots and channels problem. Following that, we relax the problem into a Subprime solution which is suitable for engineering application. At last, we developed testbed and achieved expectation result that Multi-Hop Multi-Channel employing our transmission scheduling policy improved reliability obviously.
The Cellular Transfer of Cutaneous Hypersensitivity to Tuberculin in Man

Summary and Conclusion 1. It has been possible to passively transfer in 12 consecutive instances cutaneous tuberculin hypersensitivity to tuberculin negative human recipients by means of an intradermal injection of viable leucocytes obtained from the blood of tuberculin positive human donors. 2. The effort at the passive transfer of cutaneous tuberculin hypersensitivity was unsuccessful when the leucocytes used, in the transfer were obtained from tuberculin negative donors. 3. The induced cutaneous hypersensitivity to tuberculin is a transient phenomenon of 4 days to 3 months duration, which can be produced again in the same individual. 4. The degree of induced hypersensitivity to tuberculin seems to bear a relationship to the dosage of leucocytes used and the degree of tuberculin hypersensitivity of the leucocyte donor.
Cadaverine Covalently Linked to Peptidoglycan Is Required for Interaction between the Peptidoglycan and the Periplasm-Exposed S-Layer-Homologous Domain of Major Outer Membrane Protein Mep45 in Selenomonas ruminantium

ABSTRACT The peptidoglycan of Selenomonas ruminantium is covalently bound to cadaverine (PG-cadaverine), which likely plays a significant role in maintaining the integrity of the cell surface structure. The outer membrane of this bacterium contains a 45-kDa major protein (Mep45) that is a putative peptidoglycan-associated protein. In this report, we determined the nucleotide sequence of the mep45 gene and investigated the relationship between PG-cadaverine, Mep45, and the cell surface structure. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that Mep45 is comprised of an N-terminal S-layer-homologous (SLH) domain followed by α-helical coiled-coil region and a C-terminal β-strand-rich region. The N-terminal SLH domain was found to be protruding into the periplasmic space and was responsible for binding to peptidoglycan. It was determined that Mep45 binds to the peptidoglycan in a manner dependent on the presence of PG-cadaverine. Electron microscopy revealed that defective PG-cadaverine decreased the structural interactions between peptidoglycan and the outer membrane, consistent with the proposed role for PG-cadaverine. The C-terminal β-strand-rich region of Mep45 was predicted to be a membrane-bound unit of the 14-stranded β-barrel structure. Here we propose that PG-cadaverine possesses functional importance to facilitate the structural linkage between peptidoglycan and the outer membrane via specific interaction with the SLH domain of Mep45.
The Endocrine Glands and Their Products - The Hormones.

AFEW years ago a comprehensive review of the then known facts relating to the glands of internal secretion could have been contained within a few pages. Today, due to the tremendous amount of research work bearing upon the general problem of the internal secretions which has been done in recent years, the volume of which still continues to grow apace, such a review would require volumes. In this short article on the subject, I shall be unable to deal with the historical development of the subject, but I shall endeavour to indicate the present state of our knowledge of some of the organs of internal secretion and their specific products, the hormones. There are two basic types of mechanism possessed by members of the animal kingdom, each of which plays a specific part in the regulation of the various functions and activities of the organism as a whole. These are the nervous system and the organs of internal secretion. In the lower forms of animals, the invertebrata, the nervous system is probably preeminent; in fact, very little is known of the hormones or their function in the invertebrates. The situation, however, in the vertebrata is quite different. Here, from fish to man without exception, we find the ductless glands present in all forms and integrating with nervous system in the control of the animal machine of which they form a part. While there are vast differences between animals of different phyla and smaller but important differences between different species, there is as yet no reason to doubt, in so far as the hormones are concerned, that the active principle elaborated by a ductless gland in the fish does not differ materially from that elaborated by the same gland in man or other mammals. An excellent example of this is to be found in the case of insulin. An extract prepared from the principal islets of teleostean fishes or from the pancreas of the elasmobranch manifests the same physiological properties when tested upon a normal rabbit or a diabetic patient as does the insulin prepared from the pancreatic glands of cattle, pigs, or sheep. There may be quantitative differences relative to the effects of individual hormones of different animal origin, but qualitatively they give the same physiological effects in adequate test objects. But though the hormone may be the same from fish to man, its function in fish and man may conceivably be different.