Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A High-Gain Mushroom-Shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Wideband Wireless Applications

A high-gain mushroom-shaped dielectric resonator (DR) antenna for wideband wireless applications, featuring 65% fractional bandwidth, is proposed. The antenna consists of a low-permittivity hollow cylindrical DR provided with a top-mount spherical cap lens and a metal reflector, excited by means of coaxial probes. Suitable shaping of lens and reflector yields high gain (exceeding 14 dBi) and limited back radiation. The proposed antenna features a broadside radiation diagram with stable radiation patterns and wideband impedance matching. Its potential applications include access points for indoor/outdoor wireless multimedia systems as well as satellite terminal receivers. CST Microwave Studio, implementing a full-wave locally conformal finite integration technique, is employed to design and characterize the antenna, while the singularity expansion method is adopted to express the antenna response to arbitrary excitation waveforms. The numerical results concerning the antenna parameters are found to be in good agreement with the experimental measurements performed on an antenna prototype.
Energy trapping in power transmission through an elastic plate by finite piezoelectric transducers

We study transmission of electric energy through an elastic plate by acoustic wave propagation and piezoelectric transducers. Our mechanics model consists of an elastic plate with finite piezoelectric patches on both sides of the plate. A theoretical analysis using the equations of elasticity and piezoelectricity is performed. Energy trapping that describes the confinement and localization of the vibration energy is examined.
Symptomatic carotid artery occlusion. A reappraisal of hemodynamic factors.

BACKGROUND Over the last several years evidence has accumulated that in addition to embolism, a compromised cerebral blood flow may play an important role in causing transient ischemic attacks and ischemic stroke in patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery. This evidence is found in both clinical features and ancillary investigations, particularly measurements of cerebral blood flow. SUMMARY OF REVIEW On the basis of 20 follow-up studies in patients with transient ischemic attacks or minor ischemic stroke associated with an occluded carotid artery, the annual risk of stroke was 5.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.0% to 6.0%), and that of ipsilateral stroke (distinguished in 11 of the 20 studies) was 2.1% (95% CI, 1.6% to 2.8%). Patients with a compromised cerebral blood flow as measured by positron emission tomography, single-photon emission CT, transcranial Doppler, or stable xenon CT (six studies) have an even higher annual risk of stroke (all strokes: 12.5%; 95% CI, 8.9% to 17.6%; ipsilateral stroke: 9.5%; 95% CI, 6.4% to 14.0%). CONCLUSIONS Because a compromised cerebral blood flow may be an important causal factor in patients with symptomatic carotid artery occlusion, medical and surgical options for treatment are reviewed in this light.
Classification with a combined information test

We introduce a discrete model for classifying a target that combines the information in training and test data to infer about the true symbol probabilities. Two tests are derived given that the symbols are distributed as a multinomial. The robustness of these tests lies in their ability to effectively use all of the information in the training and test data before making a classification decision. This is demonstrated by comparing their performance to a standard hypothesis test for a classification problem involving transmission of quantized data to a fusion center.
Bicephalic larval cestode of Taeniidae from rats in Malaysia.

Ten cysticerci were recovered from 3 Rattus rattus and 1 R. argentiventer collected near Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia, in July 1985 and in August 1986. All the cysticerci possess a pair of taeniid strobilae. The cysti cerci were found in the thoracic and peritoneal cavities, in the muscle and also in the subcutaneous tissue. Each scolex has an average of 52 hooks. The size of the large hook is 300-306 fL m and the small hook is 200-220 fL m. A cysticercus, which was surgically implanted into the peritoneal cavity of a rat, R. rattus, collected from the same area and brought back to laboratory, was fed to a cat. However, no cestode was recovered from the cat.
RELIGIOUS VALUES IN AN AGE OF GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

This write-up attempts to review the role of Christian Religion Studies and values in an age of globalization and development. This is because the world is undergoing a turbulent experience of war, civil unrest, national and international conflict and crises situation. Using the expository and deductive reasoning, the paper has found out that only religion and particularly Christian Religious Studies and education can use the values in its kit to overcome these challenges. These can be done through the framework of dialogue, respect for the plurality of religious faiths and good leadership. It provides a theoretical framework of the concepts of religion and globalization. It examines how Christian religious values become global and identifies the common Christian values and using such as indexes of globalization and development. It finally draws conclusion.
Chromosomal Toxin-Antitoxin Systems May Act as Antiaddiction Modules

ABSTRACT Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread among bacterial chromosomes and mobile genetic elements. Although in plasmids TA systems have a clear role in their vertical inheritance by selectively killing plasmid-free daughter cells (postsegregational killing or addiction phenomenon), the physiological role of chromosomally encoded ones remains under debate. The assumption that chromosomally encoded TA systems are part of stress response networks and/or programmed cell death machinery has been called into question recently by the observation that none of the five canonical chromosomally encoded TA systems in the Escherichia coli chromosome seem to confer any selective advantage under stressful conditions (V. Tsilibaris, G. Maenhaut-Michel, N. Mine, and L. Van Melderen, J. Bacteriol. 189:6101-6108, 2007). Their prevalence in bacterial chromosomes indicates that they might have been acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Once integrated in chromosomes, they might in turn interfere with their homologues encoded by mobile genetic elements. In this work, we show that the chromosomally encoded Erwinia chrysanthemi ccd (control of cell death) (ccdEch ) system indeed protects the cell against postsegregational killing mediated by its F-plasmid ccd (ccd F) homologue. Moreover, competition experiments have shown that this system confers a fitness advantage under postsegregational conditions mediated by the ccd F system. We propose that ccdEch acts as an antiaddiction module and, more generally, that the integration of TA systems in bacterial chromosomes could drive the evolution of plasmid-encoded ones and select toxins that are no longer recognized by the antiaddiction module.
Introduction to the application of event-related potentials in cognitive rehabilitation research

In 1875, Richard Caton, a physician and medical lecturer from Liverpool, discovered that brain electrical signals could be recorded directly from the surface of the exposed cortex using a reflecting galvanometer. A half century later, Hans Berger (1929) was able to detect these brain waves with electrodes placed on scalp. He, like Caton, noted that these voltages could be influenced by external events that stimulated the senses.
Analysis of a new PWM method for conducted EMI reduction in a field oriented controlled induction motor

The prevalence of EMI noise problems has been considered many times over the past few years, in inverter fed motor control systems. The advent of high speed power devices, and the high dv/dt of switching devices, has resulted in EMI problems and leakage current. This paper describes the application of the newly developed EMI reduction technique of SVPWM in induction motor drives. This newly developed common mode voltage reduction SVPWM technique does not use any zero-voltage vector states for inverter control, hence can restrict the common mode voltage more efficiently than the conventional PWM technique. The validity of the proposed technique is verified through simulation and experimental results. In this paper, by applying the vector control system, the proposed technique is presented as superior in reducing EMI and equal control performance, compared to the conventional space-vector PWM technique.
ERGOESPIROMETRIA: PADRÃO OURO NA PRESCRICÃO DE EXERCÍCIOS NA REABILITACÃO E CONDICIONAMENTO CARDIOPULMONAR

A ergoespirometria e um teste ergometrico com analise de gases, que identifica o consumo de oxigenio e producao de dioxido de carbono pelo organismo 1 . Este exame oferece inumeras informacoes fisiologicas importantes, sendo um metodo universalmente aceito para o diagnostico de doencas cardiovasculares, sendo tambem util na determinacao prognostica, na avaliacao da resposta terapeutica, da tolerância ao esforco e de sintomas compativeis com arritmias ao exercicio, sendo importante instrumento na tomada de decisao, em varias situacoes clinicas 1,2 . Quanto ao exercicio fisico, a ergoespirometria tambem oferece informacoes que poderao ser utilizadas na prescricao e no acompanhamento do mesmo . Dentre elas, consideram-se as respostas cronotropica, eletrica, pressorica e cardiopulmonar 3 .
UTILIZATION OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS IN VIETNAM

Summary The private sector in health care in Vietnam has been increasingly competing with the government in primary health care services. However, little is known about the use of skilled birth attendance or about choice of public and private sectors among those who opt for skilled attendants. Using data from the Vietnam 2002 Demographic and Health Survey, this study examines factors related to women’s decision-making of whether to have a skilled birth attendant at a recent childbirth, and if they did, whether it was a public or private sector provider. The study indicates that the use of the private sector for delivery services was significant. Women’s household wealth, education, antenatal care and community’s wealth were positively related to skilled birth attendance, while ethnicity and order of childbirth were negatively related. Order of childbirth was positively associated with skilled birth attendance in the private sector. Among service environment factors, increased access to public sector health centres was associated with an increased likelihood of skilled birth attendance in general, but a lowered chance of that in the private sector. Further studies are needed to assess the current situation in the private sector, the demand for delivery services in the private sector, and its readiness to provide quality services.
CEO Characteristics, the Independence of Board of Directors and the Company Innovation Performance

Attempts to explore the relevance between CEO characteristics, the board of directors and the company innovation performance on the basis of 318 listed companies in Shenzhen stock market in 2009. The findings report a positive correlation between CEO education level and the company innovation performance, an unremarkable correlation between CEO's age, the independence of board of directors and the company innovation performance.
The role and impact of information technology in Australian business

This paper reports the results of a study of the top 530 organizations in Australia which was conducted to determine whether organizations use IT as a strategic tool to meet competitive issues. Significantly this research addressed the following questions: How well organizations matched their IT investment plans with their strategic planning; how well IT strategies were formulated; how well IT systems were implemented and what were the critical success factors and impediments; and whether organizations were truly getting value from their IT investment. The findings have shown the causes of misused IT in some organizations, such as IT strategy not closely aligned with business strategy, no change of historical IT structure, lack of understanding of the potential of IT, lack of CEO and senior management support and awareness of IT's potential, impediments to IT development and implementation. Although in many organizations the role of IT development has become proactive and strategic to gain competitive advantage through primary and support activities, it has still not unleashed ITs full potential.
The Wonder of Fanaticism in Football Marketing Master ' s thesis

Objectives: Current image of a fan is rather one-sided and stereotypical, focusing mainly on the negative and extreme forms of fanaticism. This study focuses on showing the multiplicity of forms that fanaticism really exists in, including a personal side that is not usually visible to other people. Methodology: The form of videography was chosen, as it gives the opportunity to show how fans look and act like in their everyday surroundings. Videography provides the most suitable tools in showing all different sides of the phenomenon without interfering too much to the interpretation process. Key findings: Fans have created rules for fanaticism, and this has led a high level of brand loyalty that cannot be found anywhere else. People narrate their lives through touching points that happen in their life. These moments must fit into the own life story and their “desired self”. Being a fan constantly provides appropriate moments and touching points to fit to the desired life story. People want to associate with something bigger, but yet keep some distance and not get too attached to the phenomenon. This closeness experienced afar – phenomenon can take place, for instance, by being part of communities that are situated in a distance. Keeping distance may at times be seen as fans wanting to disassociate themselves from other fans, even those that are fans of the same team. Fans want to make difference between “real” fans and others who are not.
Combinative particle size reduction technologies for the formulation of poorly soluble drugs

1. Salazar, Jaime; Müller, Rainer H. ; Möschwitzer, Jan P., (2009), “Systematic investigation to establish optimal process parameters for a novel particle size reduction method”, Annual Meeting of the German Pharmaceutical Society (DPhG), Jena/Germany, September 28 – October 1, 2009. Poster presentation, abstract C48, booklet page 45. 2. Salazar, Jaime; Ghanem, Antoine; Müller, Rainer H. ; Möschwitzer, Jan P., (2010), “Influence of freeze drying with organic solvents on the particle size reduction effectiveness of poorly soluble compounds for solubility and bioavailability enhancement”, Drug Transport and Delivery, Swedish Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences and CRS Nordic Chapter, Gothenburg/Sweden, June 28-29, 2010. Poster presentation, abstract 25, booklet page 52.
Long-term human-robot interaction with young users

Artificial companion agents have the potential to combine novel means for effective health communication with young patients support and entertainment. However, the theory and practice of long-term child-robot interaction is currently an underdeveloped area of research. This paper introduces an approach that integrates multiple functional aspects necessary to implement temporally extended human-robot interaction in the setting of a paediatric ward. We present our methodology for the implementation of a companion robot which will be used to support young patients in hospital as they learn to manage a lifelong metabolic disorder (diabetes). The robot will interact with patients over an extended period of time. The necessary functional aspects are identified and introduced, and a review of the technical challenges involved is presented.
The Effects of Lower Extremity Muscle Activation and Passive Range of Motion on Single Leg Squat Performance

Abstract Mauntel, TC, Begalle, RL, Cram, TR, Frank, BS, Hirth, CJ, Blackburn, T, and Padua, DA. The effects of lower extremity muscle activation and passive range of motion on single leg squat performance. J Strength Cond Res 27(7): 1813–1823, 2013—Knee valgus is a potential risk factor for lower extremity (LE) injuries. Clinical movement screenings and passive range of motion (PROM) measurements may help identify neuromuscular patterns, which contribute to knee valgus. The purpose of this study was to compare LE muscle activation and PROM between subjects who display visual medial knee displacement (MKD) during a single leg squat (SLS) and those who do not. We hypothesized that muscular activation and PROM would differ between the groups. Forty physically active adults (20 controls, 20 MKDs) participated in this study. Subjects completed 10 LE PROM assessments and performed 5 SLS trials while electromyography (EMG) data were collected from 8 LE muscles. Three separate multivariate analysis of variance were used to identify group differences in EMG data, muscle coactivation, and PROM. Results during the SLS indicated hip coactivation ratios revealed smaller gluteus medius to hip adductor (GMed:Hip Add) (p = 0.028) and gluteus maximus to hip adductor (GMax:Hip Add) coactivation ratios (p = 0.007) compared with the control group. Also, the MKD group displayed significantly less passive ankle dorsiflexion with the knee extended (p = 0.047) and flexed (p = 0.034), and greater talar glide motion (p = 0.012). The findings of this study indicate that MKD during a SLS seems to be influenced by decreased coactivation of the gluteal to the hip adductor muscles and restricted dorsiflexion. Therefore, conditioning, rehabilitation, and injury prevention programs should focus on decreasing hip adductor activity, increasing hip abductor and external rotator activity, and increasing ankle dorsiflexion in hopes to decrease the incidence of these injuries.
Transmission of tuberculosis among the urban homeless.

OBJECTIVE To determine the relative frequencies of primary and reactivation tuberculosis in the urban homeless. DESIGN Prospective evaluation of homeless tuberculosis patients. SETTING Central Los Angeles, Calif. PATIENTS Thirty-four homeless patients with culture-proven tuberculosis. INTERVENTIONS IS6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. If results were inconclusive, pTBN12-based RFLP analysis was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Clustering of M tuberculosis isolates. A cluster consisted of two or more isolates with indistinguishable RFLP patterns. RESULTS Twenty-four of 34 homeless patients had clustered isolates in six clusters. CONCLUSIONS The minimum percentage of cases due to primary tuberculosis in the homeless was estimated to be 53%, compared with the traditional estimate of 10% in the general population. The results suggest that primary tuberculosis caused the majority of tuberculosis cases in this population of the urban homeless in central Los Angeles.
[Different types of feeder cells for maintenance of human embryonic stem cells].

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of different types of feeder cells on supporting undifferentiation and high proliferation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC). METHODS hESC were seeded on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), human marrow stromal cells (hMSC), and human foreskin fibroblasts (hFF), respectively. Colony number, cell quantity after digestion, and survival rate were observed by alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining and Trypan blue, and the biological properties of hESC after 5 passages were observed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Although all the three feeder layers could support the formation of hESC colonies and maintain pluripotency, the morphology of colonies on different feeder layers remarkably varied. The stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 and AP staining were positive on three types of feeders. The number of colonies, number of cells produced, and cell survival rates were significantly higher on MEF than on human feeder cells (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the number of AP-positive colonies and cell quantity were also significantly higher on hMSC than on hFF (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS All three types of feeder cells are able to support the growth of hMSC, although MEF are more favourable for the proliferation. Two types of human feeder cells lay the foundation for the removal of animal-derived hESC culture system. hMSC is superior to hFF in supporting the proliferation of hESC.
International Immunonutrition Workshop Session 5 : Early programming of the immune system and the role of nutrition Role of Toll-like receptors in the development of immunotolerance mediated by probiotics

Commensal bacteria are important in intestinal homeostasis and appear to play a role in early tolerance to foreign antigens. The requirement for homeostatic balance between tolerance and immunity poses a unique regulatory challenge to mucosal immune systems. Dysregulation of this balance can contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases. The primary response to these bacteria is triggered by pattern recognition receptors (PRR), which bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP). PRR comprise Toll-like receptors (TLR), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains, adhesion molecules and lectins. Probiotics are living commensal micro-organisms of the intestinal tract with clinically documented health effects in human subjects. They are known to affect the gastrointestinal tract and the associated immune system and to have numerous effects on intestinal function and immune responses, including immunotolerance. This last effect appears to be mediated via regulatory T-cell activation by intestinal dendritic cells and the low activation of T-helper 1 and 2 (Th1 and Th2) cell inflammatory responses. However, the precise mechanisms of probiotic activity remain poorly understood. The aim of the present work was to review the function of TLR in the development of immunotolerance and examine the specific role of probiotics in the regulation of tolerance to antigens.
Multiple sclerosis patient-derived CSF induces transcriptional changes in proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in contact with brain parenchyma and ventricles, and its composition might influence the cellular physiology of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) thereby contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) disease pathogenesis. Objective: To identify the transcriptional changes that distinguish the transcriptional response induced in proliferating rat OPCs upon exposure to CSF from primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) or relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and other neurological controls. Methods: We performed gene microarray analysis of OPCs exposed to CSF from neurological controls, or definitive RRMS or PPMS disease course. Results were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry and western blot of cultured cells, and validated in human brain specimens. Results: We identified common and unique oligodendrocyte genes for each treatment group. Exposure to CSF from PPMS uniquely induced branching of cultured progenitors and related transcriptional changes, including upregulation (P<0.05) of the adhesion molecule GALECTIN-3/Lgals3, which was also detected at the protein level in brain specimens from PPMS patients. This pattern of gene expression was distinct from the transcriptional programme of oligodendrocyte differentiation during development. Conclusions: Despite evidence of morphological differentiation induced by exposure to CSF of PPMS patients, the overall transcriptional response elicited in cultured OPCs was consistent with the activation of an aberrant transcriptional programme.