Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender differences within 360‐degree managerial performance appraisals

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of gender on the performance assessments of managers arising from the 360‐degree scheme operated within the UK headquarters of a large multi‐international financial services organisation.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire approach was used to collect data on 66 managers (33 males and 33 females) against four broad capabilities on the 360‐degree appraisal system. Data were gathered on each of the 66 managers from eight different sources including the individual being appraised, three of their peers, three of their direct reports (subordinates) and their manager (supervisor). Findings – Performance ratings were either gender neutral or higher for female than for male managers. Within the case company there was no evidence of unfavourable discrimination against female managers, if anything the reverse with female managers showing superior performance compared to their male counterparts.Research limitations/implications – As with all cross.
Next-generation sequencing technologies as emergent tools and their challenges in viral diagnostic

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has the range of high-throughput quickly adapted into the countless facet of viral diagnostic research. This method has been extensively applying in full genome sequencing, genetic diversity identification, transcriptomic routine diagnostic work patient care and management, and the new understanding of the interactions between viral and host transcriptome, to promote virus research. An exciting era of viral exploration has begun and will set us new challenges to understand the role of newly discovered viral diversity in both disease and health. In this review, discuss about the preparation of viral nucleic acid templates for sequencing, assay formats underlying next-generation sequencing systems, methods for imaging and base calling, quality control, data processing pipelines and bioinformatics approaches for sequence alignment, variant calling and suggestions for selecting suitable tools. Also discuss of the most important advances that the new sequencing technologies have brought to the fields of clinical virology and challenges behind it.
Volume I TREBALL DE FI DE GRAU

4 Special Thanks . 5 Section 1: Introduction . 6 Section 2: Wind Turbine Benchmark Model . 8 2.1. Reference Wind Turbine . 8 2.2. Generator-converter and pitch actuators models . 9 2.3. Fault scenarios . 10 2.3.1. Actuator faults . 11 2.3.2. Sensor faults. 12 Section 3: Fault Detection strategy. 13 3.1. Data driven baseline modelling based on PCA . 13 3.2. Fault detection based on hypothesis testing. 17 3.3. Hypothesis testing methods . 18 3.3.1. Univariate statistical inference . 19 3.3.2. Multivariate statistical inference. 21 Section 4: Simulation Results . 24 4.1. Univariate statistical inference (Welch-Satterthwaite’s method). 24 4.1. 1. Set of samples I. 24 4.1. 2. Set of samples II. 27 4.1. 3. Set of samples III. 29 4.2. Multivariate statistical inference. 31 4.2.1. Set of samples I. 31 4.2.2. Set of samples II. 33 4.2.3. Set of samples III. 35 Section 5: Detection and Isolation of Faults. 38 5.1. PCA model from healthy state . 39 5.1. 1. Set of samples II. 40 5.1. 2. Set of samples III. 47 Fault detection and isolation in wind turbines using PCA and statistical hypothesis testing 2 5.2. PCA model from each fault. 50 5.2.1. Set of samples II. 52 5.2.2. Set of samples III. 54 Section 6: Matlab Implementation . 59 6.1. Data driven modelling based on PCA. 59 6.2. Hypothesis testing methods and simulation. 61 6.3. Detection and isolation of faults. 63 6.3.1. PCA model from the healthy structure. 63 6.3.2. PCA model for each fault. 67 Section 7: Conclusions and Further work . 69 Section 8: Nomenclature . 71 Section 9: Bibliography . 72
Effects of the Electron–Hole Interaction on the Optical Properties of Materials: the Bethe–Salpeter Equation

In these notes, the two-particle Hamiltonian for electron–hole interaction is derived. First, a simple Hartree–Fock based approach is used and an effective two-particle Schrödinger equation is obtained. Then, using Green’s function techniques of many-body perturbation theory, correlation effects are introduced and the Bethe–Salpeter equation is deduced, where the electron–hole interaction is partially screened. Finally, some significant results in the literature are discussed.
INFLUENCE OF LONG-TERM CYTOTOXIC CHEMOTHERAPY ON THE CONDITION OF PERIPHERAL VENOUS CHANNEL

The necessity of long-term venous access in cancer patients appears at frequent and long-term courses of cytotoxic therapy. Peripheral veins of forearms are most often used for these aims. The conditions of peripheral venous channel in 32 cancer patients, who underwent the long-term treatment with antitumor preparations were analyzed in the article on own investigatory material. The methods of dopplerography, morphological and immunohystochemical studies were used. The qualitative and quantitative dopplerographic changes in forearm veins in different terms after chemotherapy start were revealed in most patients. The conclusion was made about unsuitability of forearm peripheral veins for the long term administration of cytostatics and the necessity to create the alternative vascular access that would correspond to the criteria of safety, reliability and long-term exploitation.
The socio-spatial structure of post-socialist Łódź, Poland : results of National Census 2002 / Szymon Marcińczak.

Growing social and spatial segregation, stemming from the mounting social polarization, is not only limited to Western cities. Currently, it is widely acknowledged that the aforementioned processes have become a salient feature of post-socialist cities and regions. Unfortunately, available data portraying this phenomenon in the CEE states were primarily gathered in capital areas. Exposed to social and economic globalization from the early stages of political transformation, those urban settings constitute rapidly developing hubs of growth, significantly differing from 'second-tier' cities. This contribution seeks to examine if the processes shaping the social and urban fabric of global cities and post-socialist metropolises are comprehensible in the residential structure of Łodź. Deploying quantitative methods the paper presents a detailed spatial analysis of Łodź's socio-spatial differentiations. The synthetic typology and the resulting model of residential structure summarize the contribution.
Does corporate governance influence earnings management?: Evidence from Singapore

The industrial revolution followed by globalization and multi-nationalization of businesses has enhanced the need for best practices of corporate governance. This paper examines the influence of corporate governance practices on earnings management. Specifically, the core objective of this study is to test whether the roles of board of directors and other key committees influence Earnings Management (EM) through Discretionary Accruals (DAC). This study has analyzed the governance practices of 326 companies listed in the Singapore stock exchange by using the observations of two years. The structural model linking the corporate governance practices and EM through DAC has been tested using Lisrel 9.1 student version. The key findings of the study are: (1) the chances of recording discretionary accruals are high if the board size is big implying that higher control can lead to better management. These controls must come through appointment of more independent directors for Boards that are big; (2) board independence, segregation of duties between the CEO and chairman, sizes of the audit committee and nomination committee have significant positive influence on board size; (3) the nomination committee influences the remuneration committee directly implying that the motivation for recording discretionary accruals is higher leading to higher possibilities of earnings management; and (4) board size mediates the relationship between corporate governance practices (board independence, segregation of duties between CEO and chairman, audit committee size and nomination committee size) and EM through DAC implying that board size is crucial to effect better control. We accentuate that segregation of responsibilities between the remuneration committee and the nomination committee, when the Board size is big, will reduce earnings management through discretionary accruals. These governance practices will reduce the agony of stakeholders due to broken trust. The findings are pertinent to Asian countries where the institutional investors have a very small role to play. The onus of protecting the minority shareholders and foreign investors are in the hands of insiders. This requires effective corporate governance practices. The regulatory bodies must ensure that the practices of good governance are strictly adhered to.
une tumeur hypophysaire corticotrope silencieuse révélée par une galactorrhée

Une galactorrhée associée à une masse sellaire offre un large diagnostic différentiel. Nous présentons l’histoire d’une patiente avec un diagnostic iconographique de macroadénome hypophysaire invasif, associé à une galactorrhée et à une légère hyperprolactinémie. La dissociation entre la grande taille de la tumeur et la faible hyperprolactinémie, la normalisation rapide du taux de prolactine sous cabergoline sans réduction du volume tumoral, poussent à mener la réflexion plus loin que le diagnostic de prolactinome. Malgré l’absence de signe clinique caractéristique d’hypercorticisme, une cortisolurie et un test de freinage normaux, le diagnostic de tumeur corticotrope « silencieuse » est suspecté en préopératoire sur base de taux légèrement élevés d’ACTH contrastant avec des cortisolémies normales. Clinically silent corticotroph tumor revealed by galactorrhea
Self-Organization for Collective Action: An Experimental Study of Voting on Sanction Regimes

Entrusting the power to punish to a central authority is a hallmark of civilization, yet informal or horizontal sanctions have attracted more attention of late. We study experimentally a collective action dilemma and test whether subjects choose a formal sanction scheme that costs less than the surplus it makes possible, as predicted by standard economic theory, or instead opt for the use of informal sanctions (IS) or no sanctions. Our subjects choose, and succeed in using, IS surprisingly often, their voting decisions being responsive to the cost of formal sanctions. Adoption by voting enhances the efficiency of both IS and non-deterrent formal sanctions. Results are qualitatively confirmed under several permutations of the experimental design. Copyright 2014, Oxford University Press.
Comparative Study of Copper Accumulation and Distribution in Soil of Selected Orchard and Non-Orchard Fields

Nowadays the uses of copper based fungicides is increasing on orchards of peaches which is responsible for copper accumulation in soil and then it’s up taken by the seasonal crops, cultivated in orchards. This research was conducted to study the copper content in soil and wheat crop grown under orchard and non-orchard fields with an objective to know about the effect of copper based fungicides applications and copper content in soil and different parts of wheat plant. 10 soil samples were collected from both fields (orchard and non-orchard) covering an area of about 50234.3m2. The collected soil samples were analyzed for total and available copper contents using Aqua-regia and Mehlich-3 extraction methods, respectively. Wheat plants were collected from both fields at maturity and were analyzed for copper contents. Results showed that total copper content in orchard soils was significantly high (p<0.05) in the range of 46.52 to 53.31mg kg-1 and available copper contents were observed insignificantly low (p>0.05) as 5.16 to 8.06 mg kg-1. In non-orchard soils the range was 11.18 to 20.71mg kg-1 and 1.1 to 4.41 mg kg-1 for total and available copper contents respectively. Among different parts of wheat crop, significantly higher (p<0.05) copper content was observed in seed (23.11 to 37.1mg kg-1) with the maximum metal transfer factor (0.8) for orchard crop indicating a higher risk factor for consumption. Compared to non-orchard copper concentrations (5.02 to 8.03mg kg-1) and metal transfer factor (0.12) results concluded that higher copper content in orchard fields (total+available) arise from the use of copper based fungicides. It is therefore recommended to introduce the alternate source of copper based fungicides.
Experimental Evidence of the Feeding of the Free Troposphere with Aerosol Particles from the Mixing Layer

ABSTRACTAerosol particles emitted by both natural and anthropogenic sources have direct and indirect radiative impacts. Within the planetary mixing layer (ML), these particles are subjected to a large number of removal processes, e.g., rain, sedimentation, coagulation, and thus have a relatively short lifetime. Once aerosols are transported into the free troposphere (FT), their atmospheric lifetime increases significantly and they tend to be representative of large spatial areas. The work presented here shows evidence of anthropogenic emissions being transported from the ML to the FT during a cold period in February 2012. Using a wide range of in-situ measurements of aerosol chemical and physical properties at the Puy de Dome (PUY) station, as well as LIDAR measurements (at the Cezeaux site) of atmospheric back scattering we studied the exchange between the ML and the FT. Criteria used to identify when the PUY station was sampling in the ML or in the FT included mixing layer height estimates from LIDAR measurements, trace gas measurements, and air mass trajectories. Within the FT, we observed a gradual change in aerosol physical properties with increases in aerosol mass concentrations of up to 2 times the starting concentration, as well as increases in the number of larger particles (particle diameter >150 nm). Aerosol chemical properties showed increases in organic and nitrate particles. A series of linear fits were made through the data providing information on how different parameters change as a function of time. The impact of these changing aerosol properties are discussed in relation to the potential influence on aerosol direct and indirect effects. This work presents a unique combination of observations, and provide valuable data for future model validation.
Occupancy Estimation using Non Intrusive Sensors in Energy Efficient Buildings

A general approach is proposed to estimate the number of occupants in a zone using different kinds of measurements such as motion detection, power consumption or CO2 concentration. The proposed approach is inspired from machine learning. It starts by determining among different measurements those that are the most useful by calculating the information gains. Then, an estimation algorithm is proposed. It relies on a C4.5 learning algorithm that yields human readable decision trees using measurements to estimate the number of occupants. It has been applied to an office setting.
Relational perspective in designing and conducting research into the Internet

From the relational perspective, competent use of the Internet is defined as one that can improve the quality an individual’s life or the efficiency of an institution and, as a result, enable them to function more smoothly/easily in their area of interest (Fliciak, Growiec, Mazurek, 2013). Thus, research into the Internet cannot be restricted to the online activities of the research participants and requires a broader, relational perspective. In the article, we draw from our unique experiences of designing, conducting and analysing research into the Internet with the use of the relational approach. The word “Internet” is used here primarily with reference to the field of research and somewhat less to the manner in which research is carried out. This is to say that the Internet constitutes the research environment and, above all, the research subject, whereas the use of Internet methodology is of secondary importance. The methodology is by no means key. For it is not because of the methodology employed that research is classified as “Internet research”. Nor is it necessary to employ Internet tools in the research into the Internet.
A cross-system analysis of labile dissolved organic carbon

The utilization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by bacteria in grazer-free cultures can be used to measure the concentration of labile DOC (DOCL). A database of 126 measurements was used to test whether or not the concentration of DOCL is positively related to total DOC. A positive and significant correlation between DOCL and DOC was found for the entire database as well as for lakes, rivers and seawater. An average response of about 0.17 pm01 DOCL pmol-' DOC could be calculated and 60% of the variance was explained by DOC. The DOCL concentration averaged 14, 19, and 19% of the total DOC pool in lakes, rlvers and seawater, respectively; however, the median value of 25% for rivers was about twice the values for lakes and seawater The high relative amount of DOCL in half the rivers was explained by anthropogenic influence. The control of DOCL concentrations was analyzed according to models of bacterial and substrate interactions applying Michaelis-Menten-Monod kinetics. It is suggested that the higher concentrations of DOCL in eutrophic as opposed to oligotrophic systems may be explained by a higher 'theoretical community half-saturation constant' (K,) in eutrophic systems. The consequence of a higher K, will be a higher steady-state concentration of labile substrate, as was found. Other possible explanations were analyzed, but rejected as major causes for the crosssystem difference.
Possible effects of regulating hydroponic water temperature on plant growth , accumulation of nutrients and other metabolites

Water temperature can affect many physiological processes during plant growth and development. Temperatures below or above optimum levels may influence plant metabolic activities positively or negatively. This may include accumulation of different metabolites such as phenolic compounds, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nutrient uptake, chlorophyll pigment formation, the photosynthesis process and finally the growth and development of the plant. The optimum temperature of the growth medium can contribute to improving and optimising the earlier mentioned plant physiological processes. Information on how the temperature of hydroponic solution influences certain flowering plant production in glasshouses during the winter period is limited. This review suggests the possible benefits of regulating temperatures of the hydroponic solution with the aim of optimising production of flower in the glasshouse during winter periods.
Violuric acid monohydrate: a definitive redetermination at 150 K

A redetermination at 150 K of the structure of violuric acid monohydrate, C4H3N3O4·H2O, confirms that the space group is non-centrosymmetric Cmc21, despite indications from the intensity statistics and possible mol­ecular symmetry that it could be centrosymmetric Cmcm. Issues raised in the original reports [Craven & Mascarenhas (1964). Acta Cryst. 17, 407–414; Craven & Takei (1964). Acta Cryst. 17, 415–420] suggested either a disordered model or an ordered one with high thermal motion. The redetermination shows that an ordered model is correct, and the low-temperature data collection leads to normal displacement parameters. The precision of the structure is significantly improved in this new study. The violuric acid mol­ecule is entirely planar, and every atom in the structure lies on a crystallographic mirror plane. Violuric acid and water mol­ecules form hydrogen-bonded sheets.
Generalized Jensen-Mercer Inequality for Functions with Nondecreasing Increments

In the year 2003, McD Mercer established an interesting variation of Jensen’s inequality and later in 2009 Mercer’s result was generalized to higher dimensions by M. Niezgoda. Recently, Asif et al. has stated an integral version of Niezgoda’s result for convex functions. We further generalize Niezgoda’s integral result for functions with nondecreasing increments and give some refinements with applications. In the way, we generalize an important result, Jensen-Boas inequality, using functions with nondecreasing increments. These results would constitute a valuable addition to Jensen-type inequalities in the literature.
Recent trends of thunderstorm and hailstorm frequency and their relation to atmospheric characteristics in southwest Germany

In the context of climate change, it is of particular interest whether extreme events connected to severe thunderstorms have been increasing in number or intensity over the past few decades. Due to their small horizontal extent, such events are not entirely and uniquely captured by current observation systems. To obtain comprehensive information about the convective activity in the state of Baden‐Württemberg (southwest Germany), we analysed different datasets for the period 1974–2003. They comprise thunderstorm days detected at synoptic stations, hail damage data from a building insurance company, large‐scale circulation and weather patterns, and convective indices derived from radiosonde observations at 12:00 UTC.
Response of specific leaf area to a large-scale environmental gradient in five forest types in China

Understanding the response of plant traits to environmental change is critical. Specific leaf area (SLA) is an important plant functional trait, correlating with environmental conditions and indicating certain ecophysiological traits. Although the SLA-environment relationship has been extensively studied, SLA response at the regional scale is limited. In order to study how SLA changes with environment at the regional scale, SLA and abiotic data were collected from five forest types distributed across 746 sites. These data were collected from studies examining the effect on SLA to temperature, precipitation and altitudinal variation. The mean SLA was 149±18, 100±7, 151±17, 154±22 and 113±25 cm 2 g -1 in Boreal/temperate Larix forest (TLF), boreal/alpine Picea-Abies forest (APAF), temperate/subtropical montane Populus-Betula deciduous forest (MPBF), temperate deciduous broadleaf forest (TDBF) and subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest (SEBF), respectively. With increasing mean annual temperature (MAT), SLA increased significantly in TLF and SEBF, but decreased significantly in APAF and MPBF. As mean annual precipitation (MAP) increased, SLA significantly increased in TLF and significantly decreased in TDBF. A significant negative correlation occurred between SLA and altitude in APAF, TDBF and SEBF. These results indicated that SLA may predict tree response to environmental change in some forest types. KEYWORD: altitude; environmental change; precipitation; phenotypic plasticity; SLA; temperature. International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science (ITMS 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 1527 In China forests cover a large geographic area. The forest environments are characterized by steep temperature, precipitation and altitudinal gradients, providing ideal conditions to examine shifts in SLA across environmental gradients. To investigate a forest-level shift in plant SLA across different environments, we tested if the SLA in five different forest types shifted relative to changes in temperature, precipitation and altitude. 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS