Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recognizing Pointing Behavior using Humatronics Oriented Human-Robot Interaction

This paper presents a gestual interaction system between human and robot using pointing movement based on 'humatronics'. The virtual room, which was based on physical room, can be shown an attended object with blinking. A user pointed out an object, which he/she wants to move. The robot moves to an indicated point, or moves an indicated object to point in physical room. Moreover, to interact at physical rooms, the system that obtains RGB information of a pointed out object was developed. The system recognized a pointing gesture and obtained a feature of pointed out object by a image processing. Two sets of tracking modules comprised of a camera and a PC was prepared in a room. Three-dimensional coordinates of user's head and hand position were calculated using the data, which was obtained by tracking modules. The system recognized indicated point and infers the object, which the user attended. To show what the system attended, some information about the object was needed. Thus, in this research, we constructed RGB data obtaining module. The module obtained coordinates of indicated point and calculate the coordinates in picture. The system was developed using Robot Technology Middleware (RTM). RT Middleware was developed by AIST (Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Japan) for easily integrating robot systems by modularized software components. By constructing modules based on RT Middleware, we developed modules, which are functional elements to interact with human as components of easily system integration.
Frequently asked questions in the medical management of high-grade glioma: a short guide with practical answers.

Frequently asked questions in the medical management of high-grade glioma: a short guide with practical answers R. Stupp, A. F. Hottinger, M. J. van den Bent, P.-Y. Dietrich & A. A. Brandes Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne; Hopitaux Universitaire Genevois and University of Geneva, Switzerland; Erasmus University/Daniel de Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Azienda USL of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Characterization of the peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors in cultured astrocytes: Evidence for multiplicity

In mammalian brain peripheral benzodiazepine (PBZD) receptors are predominantly localized on astroglial cells. Previous studies utilizing whole membrane preparations from brain and peripheral organs of various species have indicated several distinctions between the drug‐receptor interactions of the two prototypic PBZD receptor ligands, PK 11195 and Ro5‐4864. The present study was undertaken to determine whether putative differences in the binding of PBZD receptor ligands in homogenates of primary astrocyte cultures can be interpreted as the labeling of PBZD receptor subtypes. Equilib‐rium competition and saturation binding experiments in homogenate preparations of primary astrocytes from cerebral cortex of new born rats revealed that [3H]PK 11195 labels twice the number of [3H]Ro5‐4864 binding sites. Unlabeled Ro5‐4864 competes for [3H]PK 11195 binding in a manner suggesting the existence of multiple PK 11195 bind‐ing sites. The competition binding experiments, using various benzodiazepines, indicate that one binding component of PK 11195 corresponds to Ro5‐4864 binding sites, whereas the second is different. The latter binding site does not correspond to the central BZD receptor but displays the pharmacological properties of the PBZD receptor. Further differences between the binding of PK 11195 and Ro5‐4864 in astrocytes were detected in the presence of ethanol which was more effective in inhibiting the binding of the latter. Subcellular distribution studies indicated, however, that the binding of both [3H]PK 11195 and [3H]Ro5‐4864 is associated primarily with the mitochondrial fraction of astro‐cytes. Taken together, the present study indicates the existence of non‐overlapping PBZD binding sites in astrocytes and thus suggests the existence of PBZD receptor subtypes. It appears, however, that there is no distinction in the subcellular localization of the putative subtypes of the PBZD receptor. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of different extenders and storage temperature on the sperm motility characteristics of Kolbroek pig semen

Maintaining a successful pig artificial insemination programme depends on a number of factors, including evaluation of semen characteristics. This study compared the efficacy of different extenders on the sperm motility of Kolbroek semen during short term storage at 4 °C and 25 °C. Semen was collected from Kolbroek boars using the gloved hand technique and transported to the laboratory for evaluation. Semen was pooled and randomly allocated to four groups and diluted at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) with Beltsville thawing solution (BTS), Kobidil+, egg yolk citrate (EYC) and non-extended semen (Control). Each extender had two similar semen samples, making a total of eight samples. Extended and non-extended semen were stored at 4 °C and the other samples at 25 °C for 1 h. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The total sperm motility of semen stored at 25 °C was higher when semen was extended with BTS and Kobidil+ in comparison to the egg yolk citrate diluent. However, total sperm motility in the non-extended semen did not differ from the BTS and EYC group during storage at 25 °C. Sperm progressive motility was higher in the BTS group, compared to the Kobidil+ and non-extended groups. Sperm motility of Kolbroek semen at 4 °C did not differ between all extender treatments. Total motility rate was significantly higher when Kolbroek sperm were stored at 25 °C than at 4 °C. It can be concluded that Kolbroek sperm, extended with BTS, maintained their motility rate better for short term storage at 25 °C in comparison to 4 °C. Keywords: Indigenous pigs, sperm, extenders, pig, Kolbroek
Are educational gender gaps a brake on economic development? Some cross‐country empirical evidence

This paper estimates a neoclassical growth model that includes female and male education as separate explanatory variables. The model can be reparameterised so that the gender gap in education enters the model. The interpretation of its coefficient depends crucially on what other education variables appear in the equation. The average long-run effects of female and male education on output per worker are estimated for a cross section of countries using long time averages of the data. The results support the World Bank's emphasis on the importance of female education in raising labour productivity and are robust to various sensitivity analyses. Copyright 2002, Oxford University Press.
Physiotherapy compared with advice for low back pain: Targeting “physical factors” alone is not evidence based practice

EDITOR—Frost et al's conclusion that “routine physiotherapy” based on physical factors was no more effective than one session of assessment and advice from a physiotherapist in the management of low back pain is not surprising.1 But the defensive nature of the responses to this research is.2 3 This defensiveness arises partly from the perceived rivalry between …
Conformational characteristics of the complete cequence of group A streptococcal M6 protein

M protein is considered a virulence determinant on the streptococcal cell wall by virtue of its ability to allow the organism to resist attack by human neutrophils. The complete DNA sequence of the M6 gene from streptococcal strain D471 has allowed, for the first time, the study of the structural characteristics of the amino acid sequence of an entire M protein molecule. Predictive secondary structural analysis revealed that the majority of this fibrillar molecule exhibits strong alpha‐helical potential and that, except for the ends, nonpolar residues in the central region of the molecule exhibit the 7‐residue periodicity typical for coiled‐coil proteins. Differences in this heptad pattern of nonpolar residues allow this central rod region to be divided into three subdomains which correlate essentially with the repeat regions A, B, and C/D in the M6 protein sequence. Alignment of the N‐terminal half of the M6 sequence with PepM5, the N‐terminal half of the M5 protein, revealed that 42% of the amino acids were identical. The majority of the identities were “core” nonpolar residues of the heptad periodicity which are necessary for the maintenance of the coiled coil. Thus, conservation of structure in a sequence‐variable region of these molecules may be biologically significant. Results suggest that serologically different M proteins may be built according to a basic scheme: an extended central coiled‐coil rod domain (which may vary in size among strains) flanked by functional end domains.
Human RECQL1 participates in telomere maintenance

A variety of human tumors employ alternative and recombination-mediated lengthening for telomere maintenance (ALT). Human RecQ helicases, such as BLM and WRN, can efficiently unwind alternate/secondary structures during telomere replication and/or recombination. Here, we report a novel role for RECQL1, the most abundant human RecQ helicase but functionally least studied, in telomere maintenance. RECQL1 associates with telomeres in ALT cells and actively resolves telomeric D-loops and Holliday junction substrates. RECQL1 physically and functionally interacts with telomere repeat-binding factor 2 that in turn regulates its helicase activity on telomeric substrates. The telomeric single-stranded binding protein, protection of telomeres 1 efficiently stimulates RECQL1 on telomeric substrates containing thymine glycol, a replicative blocking lesion. Loss of RECQL1 results in dysfunctional telomeres, telomere loss and telomere shortening, elevation of telomere sister-chromatid exchanges and increased aphidicolin-induced telomere fragility, indicating a role for RECQL1 in telomere maintenance. Further, our results indicate that RECQL1 may participate in the same pathway as WRN, probably in telomere
Effect of Estradiol on Serum Triglyceride Lipoprotein Levels and Fatty Acid Composition in Castrated Rats

Triglyceride content and fatty acid composition of rat serum lipoproteins showed specific variations after castration and estradiol treatment. Triglyceride levels decreased in VLDL after castration and in LDL and HDL after low doses of estradiol. High doses of estradiol enhanced triglyceride levels in VLDL and decreased them in LDL. Fatty acid composition showed a complex pattern: after castration, monoenoic acids decreased and essential fatty acids increased in all lipoprotein classes, enhancing the EFA/NEFA and EFA/ME ratios. Both doses of estrogen lowered these ratios in VLDL and LDL, but decreased them in HDL with high doses and enhanced them in HDL with low doses.
An Interface and Algorithms for Authenticated Encryption

This document defines algorithms for Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD), and defines a uniform interface and a registry for such algorithms. The interface and registry can be used as an application-independent set of cryptoalgorithm suites. This approach provides advantages in efficiency and security, and promotes the reuse of crypto implementations. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Comparison of risk-adjustment systems for the medicaid-eligible disabled population.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare 2 approaches for subjecting capitation rates for disabled Medicaid-eligible patients in managed care plans to risk adjustment, the Disability Payment System (DPS) and the Ohio Prior Expenditure System (OPES). DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort. SETTING AND SUBJECTS The subjects were 157,142 nonelderly disabled individuals eligible for > or =1 month during state fiscal year 1995 (SFY95) for a 3-county Ohio Medicaid managed care demonstration project. DATA SOURCE Data were from the Ohio Medicaid eligibility and fee-for-service claims files. ANALYSIS As per OPES policy, individuals were classified by the duration of their eligibility in SFY93 as "old" eligibles (> or =6 months) or "new" eligibles (<6 months). Published relative payment weights for each system were adjusted and used to predict SFY95 expenditures in a budget-neutral comparison. Measures were variance in SFY95 expenditures explained by predicted payments (R2) and predictive ratios (predicted payment/actual SFY95 expenditure). Individuals with HIV/AIDS and hematological conditions, who enrolled disproportionately across the demonstration counties, were analyzed separately. RESULTS Of the 157,142 individuals, 56.4% were new eligibles; 40.1% of the old eligibles had no claims-documented chronic disease diagnosis in the baseline year. The overall R2 was 0.091 with OPES and 0.057 with DPS. Neither system predicted >1% of individual-level expenditures for new eligibles. OPES severely underpaid for eligibles in the top percentile of predicted expenditures; DPS had mixed results. DPS predicted SFY95 expenditures substantially better than OPES for the enrollment bias categories. CONCLUSIONS Before Medicaid programs move to full-risk capitation for disabled populations, better risk-adjustment methods are needed, especially for eligible patients with little claims experience, high predicted expenditures, or enrollment-bias conditions.
The spatial and temporal arrangement of the radial glial scaffold suggests a role in axon tract formation in the developing spinal cord

Radial glial cells serve diverse roles during the development of the central nervous system (CNS). In the embryonic brain, they are recognised as guidance conduits for migrating neuroblasts and as multipotent stem cells, generating both neurons and glia. While their stem cell capacities in the developing spinal cord are as yet not fully clarified, they are classically seen as a population of astrocytes precursors, before gradually disappearing as the spinal cord matures. Although the origins and lineages of CNS radial glial cells are being more clearly understood, the relationships between radial glial cells and growing white matter (WM) tracts are largely unknown. Here, we provide an in‐depth description of the distribution and organisation of radial glial cell processes during the peak periods of axonogenesis in the rat spinal cord. We show that radial glial cell distribution is highly ordered in the WM from E14 to E18, when the initial patterning of axon tracts is taking place. We report that the density of radial glial cell processes is tightly conserved throughout development in the dorsal, lateral and ventral WM funiculi along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord. We provide evidence that from E16 the dorsal funiculi grow within and are segregated by fascicles of processes emanating from the dorsomedial septum. The density of radial glial cells declines with the maturation of axon tracts and coincides with the onset of the radial glial cell–astrocyte transformation. As such, we propose that radial glial cells act as structural scaffolds by compartmentalising and supporting WM patterning in the spinal cord during embryonic development.
A Multipartite Version of the Hajnal–Szemerédi Theorem for Graphs and Hypergraphs

A perfect Kt-matching in a graph G is a spanning subgraph consisting of vertex-disjoint copies of Kt. A classic theorem of Hajnal and Szemerédi states that if G is a graph of order n with minimum degree δ(G) ≥ (t − 1)n/t and t|n, then G contains a perfect Kt-matching. Let G be a t-partite graph with vertex classes V1, …, Vt each of size n. We show that, for any γ > 0, if every vertex x ∈ Vi is joined to at least $\bigl ((t-1)/t + \gamma \bigr )n$ vertices of Vj for each j ≠ i, then G contains a perfect Kt-matching, provided n is large enough. Thus, we verify a conjecture of Fischer [6] asymptotically. Furthermore, we consider a generalization to hypergraphs in terms of the codegree.
SOFC-based Fuel Cells for Load Following Stationary Applications

This paper presents a dynamic model of SOFC and the response of the fuel cell for sudden load changes. Slow response of the fuel cell prevents it from following the load. Hence connection with the DC/DC buck-boost converter is required. The models are developed in PSCAD with and without a feedback control system. Power characteristics obtained in order to validate the need of the DC/DC converter which allows the SOFC system to be used for load following applications.
How we teach ... practical skills in an undergraduate medical curriculum: 5 years of experience at Gezira Medical School (Sudan).

An outline of an undergraduate course to teach medical students practical medical procedures early in their curriculum is described. Introduction of those skill as early as the second year has given the student ample time to practice those skills before graduation. Feedback has shown that the course has been successful in helping the students to master simple procedures by the time they graduate. Early demonstration of complicated skills has also facilitated the ability and confidence of the student to perform those skills during the internship.
Trophic Niche and Diet Overlap between Invasive White Perch and Resident White Bass in a Southeastern Reservoir

Abstract The White Bass Morone chrysops is a popular sport fish that appears to be negatively affected by invasions of White Perch M. americana and often declines or disappears from invaded systems. In 2008, the first discovery of White Perch in Lake James, North Carolina, provided a rare opportunity to investigate trophic overlap between White Perch and a robust population of White Bass near the onset of invasion. We investigated the potential for resource competition between White Perch and White Bass by assessing their relative abundance (CPUE), trophic position, niche size, diet breadth, and diet overlap across 2 years. White Perch were more abundant than White Bass and had wider diet breadth and trophic niche size across seasons. White Perch also occupied lower trophic positions than White Bass, indicating that White Bass maintain a more piscivorous diet. However, diet and stable isotope analysis showed a high overlap between juvenile White Bass and all sizes of White Perch. Thus, juvenile White Bass.
Defined Intercalation Stages from Cathodic Reduction of MoS2 in Organic Electrolytes

Cathodic reduction of MoS2 in DMSO electrolytes containing alkali cations A+ results in the formation of defined ternary phases A+0.125 (DMSO)y[MoS2]0.125- with highly mobile solvated interlayer cations. Reduction of MoS2 in DME electrolytes yields similar products. Basal spacings are dependant on solvent type and on ionic radius of A+. Further reduction of these compounds is associated with irreversible processes.
Specifying and checking network protocol based on TLA

Network protocol vulnerability detection is paramount to network security. Formalization provides an important way for vulnerability detection. In this paper, we apply TLA, which is a powerful tool for formal analysis, to analyze network protocols. An approach is proposed that aims to detect vulnerabilities of a protocol effectively with the TLA, with the Kerberos protocol being taken as an example. Firstly, roles for the protocol, especially those related to intruders, are created. Then actions of the roles are specified. Sessions among the roles are built. And environment parameters are set. A prototype program is developed to implement the approach, which covers the model and the detection properties of the protocol. Experiments show that our approach is effective and powerful in specifying and checking a protocol, and it is better than SPIN and SMV.
EFFECTS OF Δ9‐TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL AND CANNABIDIOL ON A Mg2+‐ATPase OF SYNAPTIC VESICLES PREPARED FROM RAT CEREBRAL CORTEX

1 Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol both exhibited a concentration‐related inhibition of Mg2+‐ATPase of vesicles prepared from synaptosomes isolated from rat cerebral cortex. Cannabidiol was about 3 times more potent than tetrahydrocannabinol. 2 These results were similar to those obtained previously using drugs with well established anticonvulsant activity. 3 Tetrahydrocannabinol at a sub‐inhibitory concentration (1 μM) increased the activity of the Mg2+‐ATPase relative to values obtained with vehicle controls.
Ultrastructure and GABA Immunoreactivity in Layers 8 and 9 of the Optic Tectum of Xenopus laevis

This study presents an ultrastructural analysis of layers 8 and 9 in the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis. Retinotectal axons were labelled with horseradish peroxidase and tectal cells were labelled with antibody to GABA. Four distinct axonal and dendritic structures were identified. GABA‐negative axon terminals formed asymmetric synapses and were categorized as type a‐1 (which included retinotectal axons), characterized by medium size synaptic vesicles and pale mitochondria, and type a‐2 (non‐retinotectal) with large vesicles and dense mitochondria. GABA‐negative dendrites (type d) contained dense mitochondria, microtubules in the dendritic shafts, and dendritic spines devoid of microtubules. GABA‐positive structures contained small synaptic vesicles and dense mitochondria. Some dendrites (type D) were not only postsynaptic but were also presynaptic elements, as defined by the presence of vesicles and distinct synaptic clefts with symmetric specializations. GABA‐positive presynaptic structures were mostly located in vesicle‐filled, bulbous extensions of dendritic shafts and usually terminated onto dendritic spines. Some type D dendrites were the middle element in serial synapses, with input from either GABA‐positive or GABA‐negative structures and output to GABA‐negative structures. Retinotectal terminals were identified as one of the synaptic inputs to GABA‐positive processes. Glia were characterized by granular cytoplasm and large mitochondria, often displaying a crystalline matrix structure. These results indicate that GABA‐positive neurons are a prominent component of circuitry in the superficial layers of the tectum of Xenopus and that, as in mammals, they participate in serial synaptic arrangements in which retinotectal axons are the first element. These arrangements are consistent with complex processing of visual input to the tectum and a central role for inhibitory processes in the shaping of tectal responses.