Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bonding Effectiveness of Luting Composites to Different CAD/CAM Materials.

PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of different surface treatments of six novel CAD/CAM materials on the bonding effectiveness of two luting composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six different CAD/CAM materials were tested: four ceramics - Vita Mark II; IPS Empress CAD and IPS e.max CAD; Celtra Duo - one hybrid ceramic, Vita Enamic, and one composite CAD/CAM block, Lava Ultimate. A total of 60 blocks (10 per material) received various mechanical surface treatments: 1. 600-grit SiC paper; 2. sandblasting with 30-μm Al2O3; 3. tribochemical silica coating (CoJet). Subsequent chemical surface treatments involved either no further treatment (control), HF acid etching (HF), silanization (S, or HF acid etching followed by silanization (HF+S). Two specimens with the same surface treatment were bonded together using two dual-curing luting composites: Clearfil Esthetic Cement (self-etching) or Panavia SA Cement (self-adhesive). After 1 week of water storage, the microtensile bond strength of the sectioned microspecimens was measured and the failure mode was evaluated. RESULTS The bonding performance of the six CAD/CAM materials was significantly influenced by surface treatment (linear mixed models, p < 0.05). The luting cement had a significant influence on bond strength for Celtra Duo and Lava Ultimate (linear mixed models, p < 0.05). Mechanical surface treatment significantly influenced the bond strength for Celtra Duo (p = 0.0117), IPS e.max CAD (p = 0.0115), and Lava Ultimate (p < 0.0001). Different chemical surface treatments resulted in the highest bond strengths for the six CAD/CAM materials: Vita Mark II and IPS Empress CAD: S, HF+S; Celtra Duo: HF, HF+S; IPS e.max CAD: HF+S; Vita Enamic: HF+S, S. For Lava Ultimate, the highest bond strengths were obtained with HF, S, HF+S. Failure analysis showed a relation between bond strength and failure type: more mixed failures were observed with higher bond strengths. Mainly adhesive failures were noticed if no further surface treatment was done. The percentage of adhesive failures was higher for CAD/CAM materials with higher flexural strength (Celtra Duo, IPS e.max CAD, and Lava Ultimate). CONCLUSION The bond strength of luting composites to novel CAD/CAM materials is influenced by surface treatment. For each luting composite, an adhesive cementation protocol can be specified in order to obtain the highest bond to the individual CAD/CAM materials.
On the sub-Gaussianity of the Beta and Dirichlet distributions

We obtain the optimal proxy variance for the sub-Gaussianity of Beta distribution, thus proving upper bounds recently conjectured by Elder (2016). We provide different proof techniques for the symmetrical (around its mean) case and the non-symmetrical case. The technique in the latter case relies on studying the ordinary differential equation satisfied by the Beta moment-generating function known as the confluent hypergeometric function. As a consequence, we derive the optimal proxy variance for the Dirichlet distribution, which is apparently a novel result. We also provide a new proof of the optimal proxy variance for the Bernoulli distribution, and discuss in this context the proxy variance relation to log-Sobolev inequalities and transport inequalities.
Probiotic Supplementation in Preterm: Feeding Intolerance and Hospital Cost

We hypothesized that giving the probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) DSM 17938 to preterm, formula-fed infants would prevent an early traumatic intestinal inflammatory insult modulating intestinal cytokine profile and reducing the onset of feeding intolerance. Newborn were randomly allocated during the first 48 h of life to receive either daily probiotic (108 colony forming units (CFUs) of L. reuteri DSM 17938) or placebo for one month. All the newborns underwent to gastric ultrasound for the measurement of gastric emptying time. Fecal samples were collected for the evaluation of fecal cytokines. Clinical data on feeding intolerance and weight gain were collected. The costs of hospital stays were calculated. The results showed that the newborns receiving L. reuteri DSM 17938 had a significant decrease in the number of days needed to reach full enteral feeding (p < 0.01), days of hospital stay (p < 0.01), and days of antibiotic treatment (p < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were observed in pattern of fecal cytokine profiles. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10, was increased in newborns receiving L. reuteri DSM 17938. Pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-17, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels were increased in newborns given placebo. Differences in the gastric emptying and fasting antral area (FAA) were also observed. Our study demonstrates an effective role for L. reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation in preventing feeding intolerance and improving gut motor and immune function development in bottle-fed stable preterm newborns. Another benefit from the use of probiotics is the reducing cost for the Health Care service.
The Linearity-Efficiency Compromise

This article attempts to improve the average efficiency and linearize the work-horse of RF power amplification- the class-B (or class AB) PA-relying, for example, on predistortion, dynamic load modulation or ET. Nevertheless, whenever higher efficiencies are desired, the current-mode class-B PA must be replaced by switchedmode PAs (for example, class-E or class-F), completely modifying the paradigm of RF amplification. In fact, as these are saturated circuits, they cannot respond to excitations of variable amplitude; and thus the original signal envelope must be restored by operating the PA as an AM modulator via dynamic supply adaptation. A good example of this is the EER arrangement.
Early After a Myocardial Infarction

Derek V. Exner, MD, MPH,*† Katherine M. Kavanagh, MD,*‡ Michael P. Slawnych, MD, PHD,* L. Brent Mitchell, MD,* Darlene Ramadan, BSN,* Sandeep G. Aggarwal, MD,* Catherine Noullett, RN,* Allie Van Schaik, RN,‡ Ryan T. Mitchell, BSC,* Mariko A. Shibata, BSC,* Sajad Gulamhussein, MD,‡ James McMeekin, MD,* Wayne Tymchak, MD,‡ Gregory Schnell, MD,* Anne M. Gillis, MD,* Robert S. Sheldon, MD, PHD,* Gordon H. Fick, PHD,† Henry J. Duff, MD,* for the REFINE Investigators
Design of a multiport amplifier beam forming network for a mobile communications antenna

Astrium¿s experience with Inmarsat has shown that a satellite designed for mobile telecommunications applications may consist of a large aperture parabolic reflector fed by an array at its principle focus. Both L and S-band are the frequencies of interest. Each radiator element on the array has a one to one correspondence with a spot position on the earth, so that radiation patterns are pointed at different locations on the earth by different combinations of the array element excitations. Before the signals arrive at the array with their specified complex weights they must undergo amplification, which is provided by a beam forming network composed of between 10 and 20 Multi-Port Amplifiers, (MPA).
Insertion of Bitopic Membrane Proteins into the Inner Membrane of Mitochondria Involves an Export Step from the Matrix*

The mitochondrial inner membrane contains a large number of polytopic proteins that are derived from prokaryotic ancestors of mitochondria. Little is known about the intramitochondrial sorting of these proteins. We chose two proteins of known topology as examples to study the pathway of insertion into the inner membrane; Mrs2 and Yta10 are bitopic proteins that expose negatively charged loops of different complexity into the intermembrane space. Here we show that both Mrs2 and Yta10 transiently accumulate as sorting intermediates in the matrix before they integrate into the inner membrane. The sorting pathway of both proteins can be separated into two sequential reactions: (i) import into the matrix and (ii) insertion from the matrix into the inner membrane. The latter process was found to depend on the membrane potential and, in this respect, is similar to the insertion of membrane proteins in bacteria. A comparison of the charge distribution of intermembrane space loops in a variety of mitochondrial inner membrane proteins suggests that this mode of “conservative sorting” might be the typical insertion route for polytopic inner membrane proteins that originated from bacterial ancestors.
The Cultural Institutions of Indochina Today

Culturally Indochina has suffered considerably, though less as a result of the war than of the strife which has followed it, and the damage sustained has been in the fields of both personnel and material equipment. The losses of the Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO) have been chiefly in regard to personnel. Its prewar and wartime director, Georges Coedès, has resigned and is living in France, where he has succeeded Paul Pelliot as head of the Musée Dennery. P. Guilleminet, the ethnologist, has also retired from the EFEO, and M. Destombes, the school's specialist in ancient maps, is now working with UNESCO in Paris. Georges Groslier, another distinguished member of the EFEO staff and curator of the Phnom Penh museum, died in June 1945 during an interrogation by the Japanese. Madeleine Colani, ethnographer of Tonkin and Laos, died at Hanoi in June 1943 at an advanced age.
The identification of an intensity ‘window’ on the bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation

Purpose: The increased bioactivity ‘windows’ of GSM 900 and 1800 MHz radiations, (Global System for Mobile telecommunications) revealed recently by us and published in this issue, manifesting themselves as a maximum decrease in the reproductive capacity of the insect Drosophila melanogaster, were examined to discover whether they depend on the intensity of radiation-fields. Methods: In each experiment, one group of insects were exposed to the GSM 900 or 1800 radiation at 30 or 20 cm distances, respectively, from the antenna of a mobile phone, where the bioactivity ‘window’ appears for each type of radiation and another group was exposed at 8 or 5 cm, respectively, behind a metal grid, shielding both microwave radiation and the extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields for both types of radiation in a way that radiation and field intensities were roughly equal between the two groups. Then the effect on reproductive capacity was compared between groups for each type of radiation. Results: The decrease in the reproductive capacity did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions: The bioactivity window seems to be due to the intensity of radiation-field (10 μW/cm2, 0.6–0.7 V/m) at 30 or 20 cm from the GSM 900 or 1800 mobile phone antenna, respectively.
Purification of heat shock protein 70-associated tumor peptides and their antitumor immunity to hepatoma in mice.

AIM To purify the heat shock protein (HSP) 70-associated tumor peptides and to observe its non-MHC-I molecule restrictive antitumor effect. METHODS By ConA-sepharose affinity chromatography, ADP-agarose affinity chromatography, and DEAE anion exchange chromatography, we were able to purify HSP70-associated peptides from mouse hepatoma (HCaF) cells treated in heat shock at 42 degrees. Specific active immunization and adoptive cellular immunization assay were adopted to observe the immunoprotective effect elicited by HSP70-associated peptide complexes isolated from HcaF. RESULTS The finally purified HSP-associated peptides had a very high purity and specificity found by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Mice immunized with HSP70-associated peptide complexes purified from HCaF cells were protected from HCaF living cell challenge. This effect was dose dependent. Adoptive immunization of immune spleen cells of mice immunized with HSP70-associated peptide complexes could elicit immunity against HCaF challenge, and the tumor-free mice could resist repeated challenges. This effect could be continuously enhanced by repeated challenge with HCaF living cells. The tumor-free mice could tolerate the challenge for as high as 1 x 10(7) HCaF cells. The mice immunized once with spleen cells pulsed with HSP70-associated peptide complexes in vitro could also result in a certain adoptive immunity against HCaF. CONCLUSION High purity and specificity of HSP70-associated peptides could be achieved from tumor cells by the low-pressure affinity chromatography method used in this study. HSP70-associated peptide complexes derived from the HCaF can elicit non-MHC-I molecule restrictive immunoprotective effect against HCaF. This effect can be transferred by adoptive immunization to mice and enhanced by repeated challenge with HCaF live cells.
Lingkungan Hidup dalam Pandangan Hukum Islam (Perspektif Maqashid al-Syariah)

Setelah mengadakan pembahasan tentang lingkungan hidup dalam perspektif Maqashid al-Syariah yang mempunyai lima unsur dalam point menjaga agar tetap berada di jalur sesuai syaria’t Islam, penulis memberikan penjelasan keterkaitan menjaga lingkungan hidup sama juga dengan menjaga lima hal yang telah ditetapkan dalam Maqashid al-Syariah. Secara garis besar lingkungan hidup juga merupakan permasalahan yang mendunia. di Indonesia sendiri undang-undang mengenai lingkungan hidup telah di buat dan ditetapkan dalam UU No.32 Tahun 2009 yang secara jelas menjelaskan tentang lingkungan hidup dan pengelolaannya. Lingkungan hidup dan pengelolaannya merupakan masalah yang sangat serius jikalau pada hakekatnya seluruh manusia memakai sistem individualitas dalam pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Untuk itu kegunaan mengelola lingkungan hidup ini terkhusus sebagai umat muslim kita harus lebih memahami mengenai permasalahan lingkungan hidup dan menyelesaikannya secara bijaksana sesuai dengan anjuran syariat seperti menjaga lima unsur yang terkandung dalam Maqashid al-Syariah.
Magnetism in Nanocrystals

of nanometric sized taking into account the combined effect of size and shape on the spin wave thermal excitation. These two examples are expected to be useful to illustrate the relevance ofnanocrystals not only on technical magnetism but also on more fundamental aspects of magnetism. A polycrystalline solid formed by an isotropic distribution of nanometric sized grains is known as a nanocrystalline material. Figure 1 shows an assembly of Co nanograins embedded in an Co rich amorphous matrix. The structure corresponds to the partial devitrification of amorphous CosoB2oobtained after annealing at 630 K for 30 minutes. In general nanocrystals are connected between them by either grain boundaries or a different matrix. In the case offerromagnetic nanocrystals, the matrix can be magnetic or non magnetic. The strength of the exchange coupling between the magnetization of the adjacent ferromagnetic grains strongly depends on the average thickness, d, and the magnetic nature of the matrix. It is important to remark that the macroscopic properties of nanocrystalline ferromagnetic samples are governed by the nanometric dimensions of the grains and also by the degree of ferromagnetic coupling between grains. Hence, the matrix nature becomes an extremely important parameter. The relevance of nanocrystals in magnetic research is associated with the control of the magnetic and magneto-transport (magnetorresistance [6] and tunnel magnetorresistance [7] ) properties. Before going into deeper details, let us state the two outstanding physical aspects ofnanocrystalline materials. First, is the high value of the ratio, Ns/Ny , between the atoms at the interface, N" and the total number ofatoms Ny • Ifwe call D the average grain size and a the inter-atomic distance, Ns/Ny varies rougWy as aiD that, when D is a nanometric distance, can reach values as high as 30%. Second, there is coincidence between the grain size scale with the exchange correlation length, to, or domain wall width of the bulk ferromagnetic materials with the same composition as that of the nanocrystals [8). In fact 10 is the distance at which any local disturbance in the coUinear ferromagnetic order propagates through the material. The actual exchange correlation length in the nanocrystalline sample, L, can be either larger or shorter than La, depending on the magnetic nature of the matrix interconnecting the grain. Let us restrict the discussion to those nanocrystalline materials with grain size D very close to 10 and average distance between grains, d of the order or smaller than D. The following two cases, described in Figure 2, can be distinguished
From Minimum Enclosing Ball to Fast Fuzzy Inference System Training on Large Datasets

While fuzzy inference systems (FISs) have been extensively studied in the past decades, the minimum enclosing ball (MEB) problem was recently introduced to develop fast and scalable methods in pattern classification and machine learning. In this paper, the relationship between these two apparently different data modeling techniques is explored. First, based on the reduced-set density estimator, a bridge between the MEB problem and the FIS is established. Then, an important finding that the Mamdani-Larsen FIS (ML-FIS) can be translated into a special kernelized MEB problem, i.e., a center-constrained MEB problem under some conditions, is revealed. Thus, fast kernelized MEB approximation algorithms can be adopted to construct ML-FIS in an efficient manner. Here, we propose the use of a core vector machine (CVM), which is a fast kernelized MEB approximation algorithm for support vector machine (SVM) training, to accomplish this task. The proposed fast ML-FIS training algorithm has the following merits: (1) the number of fuzzy rules can be automatically determined by the CVM training and (2) fast ML-FIS training on large datasets can be achieved as the upper bound on the time complexity of learning the parameters in ML-FIS is linear with the dataset size N and the upper bound on the corresponding space complexity is theoretically independent of N. Our experiments on simulated and real datasets confirm these advantages of the proposed training method, and demonstrate its superior robustness as well. This paper not only represents a very first study of the relationship between MEB and FIS, but it also points out the mutual transformation between kernel methods and FISs under the framework of the Gaussian mixture model and MEB.
The value of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the treatment of breast cancer

The estrogen receptor (ER) assay has become a standard practice in the management of advanced breast cancer. Tumors lacking ER respond infrequently to endocrine therapy, whereas response rates of 50 to 60 percent are observed in ER+ tumors. Recent studies indicate that the ER status of the primary tumor is a good predictor of the endocrine dependence of metastatic tumors at the time of clinical relapse. Futhermore, the absence of ER in the primary tumor is an important independent prognostic indicator of higher rate of recurrence and shorter survival. Quantitative analysis of ER and an assay for progesterone receptor (PgR) are two methods for increasing the accuracy of selecting or rejecting patients for hormonal therapy; tumors with a high quantitative ER content or those with a positive PgR display the highest objective response rates. Preliminary analysis suggests that the presence of PgR may be a better marker of tumor hormone dependence than quantitative ER.
Wide-Band Continuous-Time Σ ∆ Modulator With VCO Quantizer

A methodology for the design of Continuous-Time (CT) Sigma-Delta (Σ∆) modulators with VCO-based quantizer is proposed. The coefficients of the CT Σ∆ modulator are accurately calculated such that the noise transfer function of the modulator is exactly the same as a Discrete-Time (DT) Σ∆ modulator of the same order. Several design examples for different modulator orders and feedback DAC signal shapes are given to validate the proposed methodology.
Toward Antiviral Strategies That Resist Viral Escape

ABSTRACT We studied the effect on viral growth of drugs targeting different virus functions using a computer simulation for the intracellular growth of bacteriophage T7. We found that drugs targeting components of negative-feedback loops gain effectiveness against mutant viruses that attenuate the drug-target interaction. The greater inhibition of such mutants than of the wild type suggests a drug design strategy that would hinder the development of drug resistance.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori restores the inhibitory effect of cholecystokinin on gastric motility in duodenal ulcer patients.

BACKGROUND Increased gastric emptying and defective action of endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK), that is known to inhibit this emptying, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer (DU). The aim of this double blind study was to assess whether CCK and somatostatin participate in the impairment of gastric motility in active DU patients before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication. METHODS Tests were undertaken in 10 DU patients without or with elimination of the action of endogenous CCK using loxiglumide, a selective CCK-A receptor antagonist, before and 4 weeks after eradication of H. pylori with 1 week triple therapy that resulted in healing of all DUs tested. The gastric emptying rate after feeding was determined using the 13C-acetate breath test. Before each test, samples of gastric juice were obtained by aspiration using a nasogastric tube for determination of somatostatin using specific radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Prior to H. pylori eradication gastric emptying half-time was 31 +/- 6 min in placebo-treated DU patients and this emptying rate was not significantly affected in tests after pretreatment with loxiglumide (10 mg/kg i.v.). Following eradication of H. pylori, in tests with placebo gastric emptying half-time was significantly longer (48 +/- 9 min) compared to that prior to H. pylori eradication. Pretreatment with loxiglumide in H. pylori eradicated DU patients significantly enhanced the gastric emptying rate with an emptying half-time of only 33 +/- 4 min. Eradication of H. pylori resulted in a significant increase in somatostatin concentration in gastric juice and loxiglumide significantly reduced this luminal somatostatin in H. pylori-eradicated subjects compared to values before anti-H. pylori therapy. CONCLUSIONS 1) H. pylori infection in DU patients is accompanied by enhanced gastric emptying and reduction in luminal release of somatostatin; 2) the failure of loxiglumide to affect gastric emptying in H. pylori-infected DU patients might be attributed, at least in part, to the failure of endogenous CCK to control gastric motility due to deficient release of somatostatin; and 3) H. pylori-infected patients appear to exhibit a deficient somatostatin release by endogenous CCK that can be reversed by the eradication of H. pylori indicating that both CCK and somatostatin may contribute to normalization of gastric emptying following H. pylori eradication in DU patients.
Standardized pedigree nomenclature.

Although an attempt to standardize the representation of genetic and social relationships using pedigree diagrams is welcome, there are problems with the present recommendations that should be addressed. Essentially, I would describe these problems as arising from a reliance on topographic rather than topological conventions to represent relationships between individuals. As an example of what I mean, it seems perfectly sensible to use solid lines for biological relationships and dotted lines for adoptive relationships, but it seems problematic to use a vertical line to indicate a gestational relationship and a diagonal line for gamete donation. The use of shorter lines for pregnancies that do not go to term may also be problematic. 3 refs.