Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transforming Growth Factor β and Cholestasis

Cholestasis is an impairment of bile formation and bile flow, manifested by secretory defects of hepatocytes or cholangiocytes (or both), or obstruction of bile ducts. Many adaptations occur during cholestasis, including decreases in bile acid synthesis, induction of bile acid detoxification systems, recruitment of alternative export pumps, and increases in urinary bile acid excretion. These adaptive changes are mediated by specific nuclear receptors that can be activated by accumulated bile acids, proinflammatory cytokines(including transforming growth factor β, TGFβ), drugs and hormones. Other mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cholestasis can include changes in transporter protein membrane dynamics, alteration in cell polarity, disruption of cell junctions, and perturbations of cell membranes and cytoskeletons. Here we briefly describe the mechanisms of bile formation and cholestatic pathogenesis followed by reviewing the effects of TGFβ on bile formation and different hepatobiliary components altered during cholestasis. Recent studies have shown that TGFβ represses cyp7a1 gene expression in human hepatocytes via Smad3-dependent inhibition of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) remodeling of cyp7a1 chromatin. TGFβ/Smad3 signaling also alters phospholipid and bile Chung-Davidson YW1 and Li W1,2* 1Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA 2Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, USA *Corresponding author: Weiming Li, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 13 Natural Resources Building, 480 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA, Tel: +1-517-432-6705; Fax: +1-517-432-1699; Email: liweim@msu.edu Published Date: May 20, 2016
Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II for Throwbox Deployment in Delay Tolerant Networks

Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) are basically opportunistic networks and uses store-carry-and-forward switching for message forwarding. Performance of DTNs can be improved by placing stationary nodes, called throwboxes which increases the contact opportunities among nodes. Throwbox is viewed as relaying node and the message delivery is enhanced by spreading as many messages as possible. Increasing the contact opportunities in throwbox based DTN model depends on the deployment of throwboxes in suitable places. The objective of this paper is to identify optimal deployment locations of the throwboxes with a pre-specified transmission range, and to maximize the coverage of all the throwboxes in order to increase average delivery and to reduce the average delay among all the nodes in the network. We use Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm–II for optimizing the deployment of throwboxes in DTN. The simulation results are analyzed for better strategy in deploying throwboxes and to improve the performance of throwbox-augmented DTNs.
PATTERN OF AND LOCALIZATION OF STROKE IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF 540 PATIENTS

Background: Stroke is a major global health problem. It has been estimated that one out of six persons will have a stroke in their lifetime, and every six seconds someone somewhere dies from stroke, while about six million people die every year from a stroke. In 2010 about 5·9 million stroke-related deaths were reported and about 39.4 million Disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were lost due to ischemic stroke. These ranked stroke as the second most common cause of death and the third most common cause of acquired disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). This study aimed to determine the pattern of and localization of lesion among patients with stroke In Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria. Material and Method: Medical files of Consecutive stroke patients presenting at a tertiary public hospital in Sokoto Northwestern Nigeria, over a period of six years (from January 2010 to December 2015) were retrospectively reviewed. All collected data were cross-checked for consistency and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 (Chicago IL USA) statistical software package. Means of two groups were compared using student's t-test while proportions were compared using chisquire with Yates correction where appropriate. Any p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: A total of five hundred and forty (540) stroke patients were included in this study. The ages of the patients ranged from 15years to 99years with stroke occurring highest among people between 50–59years. The mean age was 56.85, SD± 14.40. Among 540 patients 271(50.2%), were males and 269 (49.8%) females, with male to female ratio of 1.01:1, five hundred and five, [505(93.5%)] had hemispheric stroke, out of these, 307 (56.9%) had left hemispheric stroke, 229 (42.4%) had right hemispheric stroke, while 4(0.7%) had Bilateral hemispheric involvement. out of the remaining 35 cases, 31 (5.8%) had Subcortical lesion and 4(0.7%) were brain stem strokes. Most common type of stroke was ischemic 462(85.5%) with hemorrhagic type accounting for the remaining 78(14.5%). Conclusions: This study supported previous hospital and community based studies that reported incidence and prevalence of stroke among both blacks and Non-blacks. More importantly, this study found trends toward increasing stroke incidence among relatively young individuals. This is of great public health significance in view of the fact that, strokes in young individuals have significant potential for lifetime burden of disability.
A DETAILED STUDY ON MRI BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES

In recent days, brain tumor is a serious cause for increasing humanity among people. During the past few decades, the number of people suffering and fading from brain tumors has been increased to 300 per year. Detecting and classifying the tumor in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a critical and challenging task in medical image processing. Because, the MRI provides the detailed information related to anatomical structures and potential abnormal tissues. So, the detection and segmentation of brain tumor plays an essential role in medical imaging and it helps to find the exact size and location of the tumor. For this purpose, different image processing techniques are proposed in the existing works. This paper reviews some of the existing research works related to brain tumor detection and segmentation. The stages involved in the brain tumor segmentation system are as follows: preprocessing, feature extraction, classification and segmentation. The preprocessing is an initial stage in any medical image processing applications. In this stage, the unwanted and irrelevant noise in the given image are eliminated. After that, the features of the filtered image are extracted to detect the edges. Hence, the classification technique is employed to determine whether the given image is normal or abnormal. If it is an abnormal image, the segmentation technique is applied to segment the exact portion of the tumor.
With the rise of the Japanese economic presence in the U

Japanese corporations are characterized by distinctive management practices which have been nurtured in a culturally homogeneous environment. The transferability of these practices to foreign subsidiaries has been a subject of debate among management scholars. Drawing on resource dependence theory and institutionalism, this study examines the impact of homogeneity in management and parent company control on the degree of presence of Japanese human resource management (HRM) in U.S. subsidiaries. The study uses Walton and Lawrence’s classification (reward, selection and promotion, employee influence mechanism, and job design) to measure uniquely Japanese HRM and a sample survey of 138 U.S. subsidiaries of Japanese multinational corporations for data collection. A principal component analysis reveals that three dimensions of HRM (reward system, selection and promotion, and job design), rather than four, are salient among these establishments. An OLS regression analysis also reveals that the degree of homogeneity in management and parent company control has impact on the transfer of these dimensions of HRM. Some implications for future study are discussed.
Dictionary Based Face Recognition in Video Using Fuzzy Clustering and Fusion

— Recognizing faces in unconstrained videos is a task of very much importance. Over the years several methods have been suggested to solve this problem, and some benchmark data sets have been set to facilitate its study. However, there is still a sizable gap between the actual application needs and the current state of the art. This paper presents a video-based face recognition algorithm that computes a discriminative video signature as an ordered list of still face images from a large dictionary. The proposed method involves three stages for optimizing ranked lists across multiple frames and to fuse them into a single composite ordered list to compute the video signature which embeds diverse intra-personal variations and matches two videos with large variations. Discounted Cumulative Gain measure is utilized for matching two videos which is based on the ranking of images in the video signature and the usefulness of images in characterizing the individual in the video. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under different video-based face recognition scenarios such as matching still face images with videos and matching videos with videos.
SOLID STATE CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL PHYSICAL INTERACTION (PARACETAMOL-

Objective: Interactions of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) as well as pharmaceutical excipients don’t occur in a pharmaceutical dosage form. Base on structures of paracetamol (PCT) and chlorphenamine maleate (CTM), its combination is possible to give a physical interaction in the solid state. This study was conducted to investigate the physical interaction of PCT and CTM in the solid state. Methods: Characterization used the polarization microscope, solubility test, powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) to observe peak shifting in 2Ɵ angle, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to examine wavenumber shifting. Results: Results of solubility exhibited an increased solubility percentage with increasing concentration. Polarization microscope analysis presented a combination of crystal morphology after the two substances were mixed in an equimolar ratio. The result of melting point determination of each pure substance was 172 °C for PCT, 132 °C for CTM, and 170 °C for the mixture of the two substances in various ratios. Diffractogram showed the shifting at angle 2Ɵ: 20.715, 19.355-23.500 and 21.840, 26.455-20.330 for concentration ratio of PCT: CTM in (132:0.5) and (330:1) respectively and any change in the functional group was observed from infrared spectrum. Conclusion: All evaluation of PCT and CTM in the solid state has exhibited the interaction in solid condition.
Post-Traumatic Free a Vascularized Fibular Graft Nonunion of the Tibia: Treatment with Trifocal TSF/Ilizarov Technique. A Case Report

The treatment of recalcitrant posttraumatic free fibular graft non-union can be very challenging. We report our experience in treating such difficult case with an alternative surgical option using combined TSF/ Ilizarov technique with trifocal bone transport in a leg. Outcomes were evaluated in term of union and guidelines of the Association for the Study of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI). At the final follow-up, the non-union sites were completely united and the patient had no clinical infection, skin defect, or limb-length discrepancy. The results were evaluated according to ASAMI criteria: excellent in terms of bony outcome; functional result was good. Combined Ilizarov/TSF trifocal techniques for the treatment of segmental tibial bone defects achieve union without mal-alignment of the mechanical axis and are a viable limb salvage option for refractory free fibular graft non-union.
Object-based land use/cover extraction from QuickBird image using Decision tree

The traditional pixel-wise statistical and mono-scale based classification approaches do not lead to satisfactory results for neglecting the shape and context aspects of the image information, which are among the main clues for information extraction at very-high spatial resolutions like QuickBird image. This paper extracts land use/cover information from occurrence filters texture features that were derived from the grey-level occurrence matrix from QuickBird image using CART Decision tree, because, this method have substantial advantages for remote sensing classification problems due to their nonparametric nature, simplicity, robustness with respect to non-linear and noisy relations among input features and class labels, and their computational efficiency. CART has a simple form which can be compactly stored and that efficiently classifies new data ,also it can recursively partitions a data set into smaller subdivisions on the basis of tests applied to one or more features at each node of the tree. Overall accuracy of texture features using CART Decision tree is higher than other methods. It concluded that texture features can be used to improve classification accuracy. [Nature and Science. 2009;7(10):32-36]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Growth studies of Pseudomonas fluorescens implicated in soft rot of purple variety of Onions in Southern Nigeria

This is the growth studies of Pseudomonas fluorescens implicated in soft rot of purple variety of Onions in Southern Nigeria. As the conclusion, the initiation and development of rot can be prevented by controlling the temperature and relative humidity of the storage environment as well as reducing general inoculation level through adequate sanitary practices during storage and handling. [Nature and Science. 2007;5(4):75-80].
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 3, 102-114

Chul-Ju Yang Byproducts of fruit industry are promising source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the effect of fermented pomegranate byproducts (FPB) on growth performance, fecal pH and noxious gas emissions; and economic efficacy in broilers. A feeding trial was carried out with 160 day old Ross broilers assigned to four dietary treatments having five replications (8 birds per replicate). The dietary treatments were control (T0), corn-soybean meal based basal diet; and test diets (T1 to T3), T1 = Basal diet + 0.5% FPB; T2 = Basal diet + 1.0% FPB; T3 = Basal diet + 2.0% FPB. The result revealed that, supplementation of FPB (T2 and T3) increased average daily weight gain of broilers during finisher and overall experimental period compared to control (T0) (P <0.05). However, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio remain unaffected (P >0.05) among the dietary treatments. Fecal pH tended to reduce (P <0.05) in response to FPB supplemented group T1 and T3 compared to T0. In addition, fecal ammonia emission was lower (P <0.05) in all FPB supplemented groups (T1, T2 and T3), where hydrogen sulfide emission was reduced in T1 and T2 during incubation (P <0.05). Overall economic analysis indicated that, feed cost per unit of weight gain was lower (P <0.05) in the FPB supplemented T2 and T3 groups. Therefore, it could be concluded that FPB supplementation can significantly improve growth performance, reduce fecal pH and gas emission from excreta; and economical to utilize in broiler diet. Copy Right, IJAR, 2015,. All rights reserved
GRID CONNECTED SOLAR PV SYSTEM OF THREE PHASE MULTILEVEL INVERTER WITH SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION TECHNIQUE

The Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) systems which directly supply power to the grid are becoming more widely used. The photovoltaic (PV) field has given rise to a global industry capable of producing many gig watts (GW). The active and reactive power feed-in by grid-connected solar PV systems will result in voltage rise over its maximum limit in distribution systems. In This Project proposes different voltage control strategies to limit the voltage rise in low voltage distribution systems caused by grid connected solar PV systems. The voltage control strategies include four different active and reactive power control strategies. A power electronic converter which converts DC power from the PV array to AC power at required voltage and frequency levels is known as Inverter. Generally different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques have been implemented for grid connected 3-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) system . On the basis of discussion of harmonic injection SPWM (HI-SPWM) and voltage space vector PWM (VSV-PWM), a Sinusoidal PWM technique (SPWM), which is really simplest and well designed to obtain maximum inverter gain, minimum switching frequency and to avoid the disadvantages of HI-SPWM, is proposed. The SPWM is based on instantaneously floating the equivalent neutral point of the output of a 3-phase inverter i.e. instantaneously injecting the same voltage waveform into the phase voltages. Modeling of photovoltaic systems includes modeling of SPV array, power electronics inverter/converter based on MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Customer Reviews on Through Online and FeedbacksUsing Customer Relationship Management Process

Customer satisfaction is the lifeline for the growth of any organization. Now a days, basic concept of marketing is not selling the product to customers but it is to reach to the hearts of the customers so that they can feel a sense of belongingness with the organization. The organizations and individuals having right access to the right information at the right moment of time will be the one to survive. In spite of having ever growing data bases the problem is that the organizations fail to fully capitalize the true benefits which can be gained from this great wealth of information, as they are not able to extract valuable information from these huge data bases. The solution lies in the use of Data Mining tools for customer segmentation and profitability, marketing and customer relationship management. This paper throws light on the underlying technology and the perspective applications of data mining in customer relationship management.
A Noval High Step- Up DC – DC Convertor for Renewable Energy Sources

The modern power systems are inter connected grid systems to maintain the reliability and power quality The connecting of renewable energy sources power systems are very difficult to connect the grid systems, the maintenance and controlling of renewable energy sources. A 3port dc-dc converter integrating pv and battery power for high step up application is proposed in this project. This project apology reuses switching losses by using 2 coupled inductors and 2 active clamped circuits. The couple inductor voltage stress of input side can be reduced by this new topology. 2 sets of active clamped circuits are used to recycle the energy stored in the leakage inductance and improve the system efficiency. The mode of operation doesn’t need to be changed when a transition b/w changing and discharging occurs. Max power point of pv source and regulating the o/p voltage can be operated simultaneously during charging and discharging transitions. The proposed converter with fuzzy controllers has a merits of high boosting level and no of switching losses and increasing the system reliability and efficiency.
Flux Regulation of Induction Motor at Low Speed using Direct Torque Control

This paper presents a Constant Switching Frequency Controller (CSFC) for improving stator flux regulation at very low speed regions in a DTC-lookup table based Induction motor. The stator flux regulation is improved under no load by replacing the hysteresis torque comparator with CSFC without any change to the look-up table. Hence the simple structure of DTC is maintained in this method. The flux droop problem that normally occurs on hysteresis based DTC is resolved using DTC-CSFC as well as constant switching frequency is maintained at low speed. In order to reduce the torque ripples, and hence improve the estimation process at very low speed, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used in this work.
HIVE, PIG & HBASE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FOR DATA PROCESSING APPLICATIONS

Information extraction has received signiﬁcant attention due to the rapid growth of unstructured data. Researcher needs a low-cost, scalable, easy-to-use and fault tolerance platform for large volume data processing eagerly. It is very important to evaluate the MapReduce based frameworks for data processing applications. This paper leverages the comparative study of HBase, Hive and Pig.The processing time of HBase, Hive and Pig is implemented on a data set with simple queries and we will observed the performance of the HBase, Hive, Pig and evaluate the result according to it
Iterative Numerical Method of Gate Turn-Off Thyrist or: Comparative Study

Problem statement: Silicon (Si) has long been the dominant semiconduct or of choice for high-power, high-temperature and high-frequency dev ice applications. However, recently, wide bandgap semiconductors, particularly Silicon Carbid e (SiC) has attracted because it offers tremendous benefits over other semiconductor materials in a la rge number of industrial and military. A change of technology from Si to SiC will revolutionize the po wer electronics and simulation is needed to predict their characteristics. Approach: The system of partial differential equations which forms the Poisson’s and continuity equations together with appropriate boundary conditions cannot be solved explicitly in general. Therefore, the solution must be calculated by means of numerical approaches. Application of Finite Element Method (FEM) for semiconductor devic simulation is described. It was shown that this method guarantees exact conservation of current bot h locally and at the device terminals. Finite element forms of Poisson’s equation and the electro n and hole current continuity equations were derived. Results: This study described the implementation of FEM in o rder to get the doping profile of the semiconductor devices. The switching simulation , 4H-SiC GTO thyristor was presented and tested numerically by predicting its performance using the 2-D simulator developed in this project. Conclusion: We calculated turn-off time and loss of SiC-GTO and compared with Si-GTO thyristor using 2-dimensional device simulation. Results show ed that turn-off time and loss are smaller in SiCGTO thyristor rather than Si-GTO thyristor.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy quantification of muscular parameters and prednisone therapy

The aims of the study described in this thesis were: 1. to establish reference values for muscle force, functional ability, calf circumference and echogenitcity of muscle tissue; 2. to assess disease severity in ambulant DMD patients by using these reference values;3. to determine the effects of prednisone therapy on muscle function and muscle force in DMD patients