Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal effects in zooplankton consumers are not only mediated by direct but also by indirect effects of phosphorus limitation

Nutrient limitation of primary producers has repeatedly been shown to negatively affect consumers, directly through stoichiometric mismatch and indirectly via alterations in the producer's biochemical quality or palatability. In this study, we assessed whether direct and indirect impacts of phosphorus‐limitation on a planktonic consumer are transferred to the next generation via maternal effects and whether these effects reflect an anticipatory adaptive strategy. For this, we subjected cultures of the algivorous monogonont rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus to three food quality treatments, i.e. P‐limited (LP), P‐replete (HP) and P‐enriched LP algae (i.e. algae with an LP‐growth history but with molar C:P ratios equal to those of HP‐algae). After two generations, we subjected offspring of these cultures to each of the three food quality treatments and monitored life history traits. In addition, we tested starvation resistance. Our results showed very strong negative maternal effects of low P food on offspring performance. These negative effects prevailed irrespective of contemporary diets, suggesting transmissive and selfish maternal effects rather than anticipatory adaptive effects. The relative strength of direct and indirect maternal P‐limitation effects varied among different traits. Adult body size was predominantly determined by direct effects of P‐shortage in maternal as well as contemporary food (LP < LP + P and LP + P = HP). In contrast, whereas egg size was negatively affected by direct effects of P‐limitation in the maternal diet, a contemporary diet of LP and LP + P algae resulted in larger eggs than HP algae. Animals born from such larger eggs showed no higher growth rates, but they were more resistant to starvation, likely as the result of higher maternal allocation of energy rich molecules to the eggs. The present study shows that maternal food conditions represent an important factor that should be taken into account in studies of stoichiometric mismatch between producers and consumers.
Effect of Grain Size on The Root System Architecture of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of grain size on seedling root architecture. Ten different bread wheat cultivars were selected to examine the effect of grain size on primary root traits under controlled conditions. Seminal root traits were tested with germination papers at the growth stage 1. Significant differences between seminal root number, total seminal root length, longest root length, and root growth angle were observed among 10 cultivars. The seminal root number per plant was found to be 3.93 in the large, 3.71 in the medium and 3.20 in the small grain groups. Similar rankings in the seminal root length were observed, while root growth angle did not follow the same trend. The study suggested that the cultivar Atay 85 with superior primary root traits can be an advantage, especially in regions where plants achieve an advantage at a deep soil water level, under water stress at early growth stages.
Study of functional outcome of total elbow replacement using semi-constrained elbow prosthesis in non inflamatory elbow arthritis

Background: Total Elbow Replacement is considered when there is disabling arthritis of the elbow. Various eteologies are responsible for this arthritis, commonest being Rheumatoid Arthritis. Other causes include, post traumatic arthritis, tumor affection of elbow, rarely haemophilic arthritis. Indications also include distal humerus fractures/ nonunion in select elderly patients. Materials and Methods: 7 patients of Elbow arthritis were operated for Total Elbow Arthroplasty at our institute between, 2013-2015. There were 4 males and 3 females in our study. Baksi sloppy hinge prosthesis was implanted in all our patients. Results: Evaluation of patients was done at 6, 12, 18 months and final evaluation was done at 24 months in all our patients. Significant improvement in functional score, stability and range of movement was documented. Total Elbow Replacement is not a routinely performed surgery as such and has a steep learning curve which is a technical challenge. No major complication was noted in our study. Conclusion: Total Elbow Replacement provides stable, painfree elbow with functional range of movement and negligible complications if performed with technical expertise.
Opportunistic breast cancer screening in France

En France, on craint que le depistage spontane n’ait augmente en parallele avec l’evolution des programmes departementaux. Toutefois, l’absence d’un codage specifique de la mammographie rend son evaluation difficile. L’objet de ce travail est de quantifier l’importance du depistage spontane dans 2 departements ayant des programmes de depistage. Les mammographies realisees en dehors des programmes sont comptabilisees a partir des donnees de l’Assurance maladie pour l’annee 1995. Une enquete aupres des radiologues a permis de connaitre leur motif de prescription. Ces donnees ont ete comparees aux donnees de participation aux programmes de depistage. En 1995, environ 9 % des femmes âgees de plus de 40 ans ont realise une mammographie en dehors du programme. Ce taux est plus important chez les femmes de moins de 55 ans que chez les femmes plus âgees. Le depistage spontane represente 27 % des actes realises, mais ce taux est de 58 % si l’on rajoute les mammographies realisees sans signe d’appel clinique, pour antecedent familial ou personnel. Les resultats soulignent l’importance du depistage spontane, notamment chez les femmes dans la periode perimenopausique. Les programmes de depistage permettent une evaluation continue de la qualite et de l’efficacite du depistage. La coexistence de ces deux systemes de depistage ne peut continuer. Les resultats des etudes cout-efficacite en cours permettront de verifier comparativement le rapport cout-efficacite du depistage organise et celui du depistage spontane en France.
The Risk Of Developing Urinary Stress‐Incontinence After Vaginal Repair In Continent Women

A study was performed to find out how often continent women develop urinary stress‐incontinence after a Manchester operation for genito‐urinary prolapse, and to ascertain whether factors in the selection of patients, or steps in the surgical procedure are responsible for producing stress‐incontinence postoperatively. Seventy‐three of 102 consecutive patients were continent before operation. Sixteen of the 73 women (22%) became stress incontinent. Advanced age increased the risk of developing urinary stress‐incontinence. Twenty‐five per cent of the women more than 60 years old developed stress‐incontinence, but only 1 of 13 below the age of 60. Preoperative urethral closure pressure was significantly lower in those developing urinary stress‐incontinence, and closure pressure was further reduced by surgery in this group, significantly more than in the women remaining continent. Surgery significantly reduced the pressure transmission ratio in the patients who developed urinary stress‐incontinence, and less in the continent ones. The preoperative pressure transmission ratio, however, was not related to the risk of developing urinary stress‐incontinence after the operation. The urodynamic examinations pre‐ and postoperatively demonstrated important changes in the urodynamic parameters produced by the Manchester procedure, but did not prove useful in determining which patients will develop urinary stress‐incontinence.
Activity and cytosolic Na+ regulates synaptic vesicle endocytosis

Retrieval of synaptic vesicles via endocytosis is essential for maintaining sustained synaptic transmission, especially for neurons that fire action potentials at high frequencies. However, how activity regulates synaptic vesicles recycling is largely unknown. Here we report that Na+ substantially accumulated in the mouse calyx of Held terminals during repetitive high-frequency spiking. Elevated presynaptic Na+ accelerated both slow and rapid forms of endocytosis and facilitated endocytosis overshoot but did not affect the readily releasable pool size, Ca2+ influx, or exocytosis. To examine whether this facilitation of endocytosis is related to the Na+-dependent vesicular content change, we dialyzed increasing concentrations of glutamate into the presynaptic cytosol or blocked the vesicular glutamate uptake with bafilomycin and found the rate of endocytosis was not affected by regulating the glutamate content in the presynaptic terminal. Endocytosis is critically dependent on intracellular Ca2+, and the activity of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) may be altered when the Na+ gradient is changed. However, neither NCX blocker nor change of extracellular Na+ concentration affected the endocytosis rate. Moreover, two-photon Ca2+ imaging showed that presynaptic Na+ did not affect the action potential-evoked intracellular Ca2+ transient and decay. Therefore, we revealed a novel mechanism of cytosolic Na+ in accelerating vesicle endocytosis. During high-frequency synaptic transmission, when large amounts of synaptic vesicles are fused, Na+ accumulated in terminals, facilitated vesicle recycling and sustained reliable synaptic transmission.
Cobalt−Citrate Metal−Organic-Framework UTSA-16 on TiO2 Nanoparticles

Over the past few decades, the multifunctional material, metal-organic frameworks(MOFs), has been distinguished for their unique properties such as reticular structure, permanent porosities, high surface area, straightforwardly self-assembly and crystalline nature. On a count of these potentialities, the applications of MOFs can be classified into separation, catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine these four fields. In our studies, we will concentrate on the fields of gas storage and separations, water splitting, CO2 reduction, and White-light emission and so on.
Does coaching experience and coaching efficacy of untrained volunteer youth sport coaches influence children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity?

This observational study addresses physical activity levels among youth sport participants as influenced by coaching experience and coaching efficacy. It describes the proportion of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per sport contextual factor by years of coaching experience and coaching efficacy. Physical activity levels of youth (n = 146) were measured via accelerometer. Contextual factors of practice and physical activity were obtained via direct observation. Coaching experience and efficacy of volunteer coaches (n = 26) were measured by a demographics questionnaire and the coaching efficacy scale. Practices averaged 69.81 min (SD = 13.12) with 39.7% (SE = 1.7) spent in sedentary behavior, 32.2% (SE = 1.5) in MVPA, and 20.6% (SE = 1.2) in vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA). Spearman-rho coefficients suggest no significant relationship between coaching efficacy and %MVPA (rs = 0.337, p =0 .092) or %VPA (rs = 0.200, p = 0.327). Repeated-measures analysis of variance found a significant relationship between direct observation MVPA and practice contextual factors, but not by coaching experience or efficacy. Multiple regression found no significance of either variable in predicting MVPA. Coaching experience and perceived coaching efficacy do not appear to influence MVPA behavior during sport practices; however, it is unclear whether coach education training in this area would. Emphasis on implementing coach training standards to enhance coaches’ confidence to motivate children to be more physically active during practice and opportunities to do so, may improve youth health through physical activity.
Aerobic capacity for breast cancer survivors 2 to 3 years after breast surgery

Breast cancer treatment may cause unfavourable side effects that directly or indirectly influence the cardio-respiratory capacity among breast cancer survivors, thus affecting physical functioning and the quality of life. Mounting evidence supports that Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a strong predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease, and low VO2max is associated with increased mortality from breast cancer. The aim of the study was to measure cardio-respiratory fitness in breast cancer survivors and determine to what extent VO2max levels are lower compared with healthy counterparts from population. The study included 11 women with a history of breast cancer, the average time after breast surgery being 2–3 years. Aerobic capacity was determined by the Cardiopulmonary exercise test. HUNT3 study was used to define aerobic capacity for healthy women in population. Mean Age for participatns 50 ± 4 years (M ± SD). The comparison of the results from Cardiopulmonary exercise test indicated that breast cancer survivors display VO2max values significantly lower 27.1 ml/kg/min (27%) than healthy counterparts from population, i.e., 34.4 ml/kg/min (P = 0.001). Recognizing the increasing number of breast cancer patients worldwide and the physical reconditioning among the survivors, aerobic exercise training is suitable for improving cardio-respiratory health, functionality, and quality of life.
Salient Alternatives in Perspective

ABSTRACT This paper empirically investigates how perspective bears on putative salient alternative effects on knowledge ascriptions. Some theoretical accounts predict salient alternative effects in both first- and third-person perspective conditions. These include semantic accounts such as contextualism [Lewis 1996; DeRose 2009] and psychological accounts such as the epistemic focal bias account [Gerken 2013, 2017]. In contrast, other psychological accounts, such as the egocentric bias account [Nagel, 2010; Alexander et al. 2014] and the deference account [Turri 2017], only have clear predictions in third-person perspective conditions. Our study provides evidence of a salient alternative effect of the same magnitude in both first and third-person conditions. Thus, the study provides empirical evidence that might help to adjudicate between competing accounts in the literature on salient alternatives.
Some observations concerning near-wall PTV measurements

In conjunction with an experimental study of entropy generation in bypass-transitional boundary layers, some considerations in the application of particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) have been examined. Treated are ideas on desirable spatial resolution, uncertainties in PTV algorithms and other uncertainties which may dominate plus the deduction of mean wall shear stress (or friction velocity) from mean velocity profiles determined with near-wall PTV.
Racial disparities in the use of programmed death-1 checkpoint inhibitors.

3068Background: There are concerns about racial disparities in access to trials of new cancer drugs, including the programmed death 1 checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1s). It is unknown whether these disparities extend to anti-PD1 treated patients in real-world practice. Methods: We used retrospective data from Flatiron Health’s electronic health record database, which includes more than 250 cancer clinics and 1.5 million patients with cancer. We identified patients diagnosed after January 1, 2011 who underwent systemic therapy for: advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC; n = 13,473), metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC; n = 1,537), and advanced melanoma (n = 1,221). Within each cohort, we identified treatment type (anti-PD1 versus non-anti-PD1). Therapy lines containing study drugs were excluded. We used logistic regressions to model the use of anti-PD1s by race, adjusting for factors such as age, sex, stage at diagnosis and line of therapy. Results: Of 16,231 patients in our sample, 4,643 (28.6%) we.
Effect of breathing control on heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation in institutionalized elderly

Slow breathing increases baroreflex sensitivity in elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate how elderly (N = 12, 81.08 ± 6.61 years old, 10 women) responded in terms of heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2), when they learned predominantly abdominal and slow breathing (AB), without imposition of respira-tory frequency (RF). Results revealed that AB resulted in significant reduction of RF, and had significant beneficial (transient) effects in HR, SBP, DBP, SBP-DBP interval, and SpO2, principally for those participants with blood pressure higher than a normal one.
A proposed model for sustainable business excellence

The purpose of this paper is to develop an excellence model that combines noble ends and noble means to achieve sustainable business excellence (SBE). ,The general framework of existing excellence models is used to develop the new model. Relevant literature on business excellence and current business and economic trends such as constructive capitalism, conscious capitalism, shared value, values-driven organizations and corporate governance are used to develop the basic concepts of the model. The criteria and the assessment method of the model are then developed based on the basic concepts. ,This paper proposes a model for SBE. This model is aligned with conscious capitalism, constructive capitalism, shared value, values-driven organizations and corporate governance. The paper includes a comparison between this model and the most popular excellence models. ,This paper paves the way for more empirical and theoretical research on stakeholders’ business excellence models. ,This model can be adopted by different national and international excellence awards. The adoption of this model can improve the benefits of shareholders, partners, customers, employees and the society at large. Implementing this model may be effective in transferring knowledge about conscious capitalism, values-driven organization and corporate governance to corporations worldwide. ,This may contribute to protecting the environment and reducing economic inequalities that have caused political and social instability. ,Excellence models have been widely used with significant success all over the world. Although these models paid attention to customers and employees, they still reflect traditional capitalism that focuses on shareholders’ value. This model is aligned to new economic trends that foster sustainability and improve benefits of all stakeholders.
Accurate influenza forecasts using type-specific incidence data for small geographic units

Influenza incidence forecasting is used to facilitate better health system planning and could potentially be used to allow at-risk individuals to modify their behavior during a severe seasonal influenza epidemic or a novel respiratory pandemic. For example, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) runs an annual competition to forecast influenza-like illness (ILI) at the regional and national levels in the US, based on a standard discretized incidence scale. Here, we use a suite of forecasting models to analyze type-specific incidence at the smaller spatial scale of clusters of nearby counties. We used data from point-of-care (POC) diagnostic machines over three seasons, in 10 clusters, capturing: 57 counties; 1,061,891 total specimens; and 173,909 specimens positive for Influenza A. Total specimens were closely correlated with comparable CDC ILI data. Mechanistic models were substantially more accurate when forecasting influenza A positive POC data than total specimen POC data, especially at longer lead times. Also, models that fit subpopulations of the cluster (individual counties) separately were better able to forecast clusters than were models that directly fit to aggregated cluster data. Public health authorities may wish to consider developing forecasting pipelines for type-specific POC data in addition to ILI data. Simple mechanistic models will likely improve forecast accuracy when applied at small spatial scales to pathogen-specific data before being scaled to larger geographical units and broader syndromic data. Highly local forecasts may enable new public health messaging to encourage at-risk individuals to temporarily reduce their social mixing during seasonal peaks and guide public health intervention policy during potentially severe novel influenza pandemics.
Digital media, political authoritarianism, and Internet controls in Southeast Asia

A sharp rise in the use of digital media in Southeast Asia in recent years has raised questions about the impact of these digitally networked technologies on the prospect for democratization in a region known for its authoritarian resilience. In the absence of a regional uprising as witnessed in the Middle East through the Arab Spring, Southeast Asian authoritarian states have maintained their durability despite a massive surge in online political activities and in some cases, digitally mediated large-scale mobilization of opposition groups. What explains authoritarian resilience in Southeast Asia in the face of rising opportunities for online political opposition? This article argues that while digital media has emerged as an important repertoire of activism, particularly for political opposition groups, a deft combination of political authoritarianism and increasing Internet controls have stunted democratic pressure in society and hampered future prospect for democratization. It also offers a comparative analysis of how the Internet more generally and digital media in particular has affected state-society relations in Southeast Asia in recent years. In order for digitally mediated political opposition to meaningfully challenge the existing authoritarian incumbents, sufficient opening in the political system is needed. This means, authoritarian states with competitive, routinized elections which have recently experienced large-scale or sustained mobilization by opposition groups are most likely to be susceptible to breakdown than closed regimes.
Cardiac sarcoidosis – management and prognosis (RCD code: III‑3A.3)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Cardiac involvement in the course of sarcoidosis occurs in 5% of patients. However, about 25% of patient with systemic/pulmonary sarcoidosis might present with asymptomatic myocardial injury. The main manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis are conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. Diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis remains a challenge for physicians. Treatment should be introduced at the time of diagnosis to prevent potentially lethal progression of cardiac disease. Steroids are the first drugs of choice. Additional anti‑sarcoidosis agents are used as alternatives or to reduce the steroids dose. Some patients require implantation of a cardioverter‑defibrillator for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Patients with refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia or severe, intractable heart failure unresponsive to optimal pharmacotherapy, require heart transplantation. Prognosis in cardiac sarcoidosis is highly variable, dependent on location and severity of heart involvement. This article reviews current diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for cardiac sarcoidosis. JRCD 2017; 3 (2): 37–43