Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patch Tensor-Based Sparse and Low-Rank Graph for Hyperspectral Images Dimensionality Reduction

Dimensionality reduction is an important aspect in hyperspectral images processing. Recently, graph-based dimensionality reduction methods have drawn much attention and achieved promising performance. In traditional graph methods, $k$-nearest neighbors and $\varepsilon$-ball neighborhood are the most commonly used methods for graph construction and the pairwise Euclidean distance is often chosen as the similarity between the corresponding data points. But these methods are sensitive to data noise, and their graph structures are unstable with additive noise. More recently, sparse graph and low-rank graph have been proposed to exploit local and global structures hidden in hyperspectral images. But these methods only consider part of the entire structural information and fail to capture the full intrinsic information of hyperspectral images. To overcome these drawbacks, a patch tensor-based sparse and low-rank graph (PT-SLG) is proposed for hyperspectral images dimensionality reduction in this paper. In PT-SLG, the sparsity and low-rankness properties are jointly considered to capture the local and global intrinsic structures hidden in hyperspectral data simultaneously. In addition, tensor analysis is utilized to preserve the spatial neighborhood information. A clustering strategy is used to exploit the nonlocal similarity information, which enhances the low-rank and sparse constraints and also reduces the computational cost. Moreover, a novel tensor-based graph construction method is presented, which considers the joint similarity along the two spatial domains across all the tensor samples and makes the resulting graph more informative. Experimental results on real hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the superiority of PT-SLG over the other state-of-the-art approaches.
Conditional Information Gain Networks

Deep neural network models owe their representational power to the high number of learnable parameters. It is often infeasible to run these largely parametrized deep models in limited resource environments, like mobile phones. Network models employing conditional computing are able to reduce computational requirements while achieving high representational power, with their ability to model hierarchies. We propose Conditional Information Gain Networks, which allow the feed forward deep neural networks to execute conditionally, skipping parts of the model based on the sample and the decision mechanisms inserted in the architecture. These decision mechanisms are trained using cost functions based on differentiable Information Gain, inspired by the training procedures of decision trees. These information gain based decision mechanisms are differentiable and can be trained end-to-end using a unified framework with a general cost function, covering both classification and decision losses. We test the effectiveness of the proposed method on MNIST and recently introduced Fashion MNIST datasets and show that our information gain based conditional execution approach can achieve better or comparable classification results using significantly fewer parameters, compared to standard convolutional neural network baselines.
Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Profile, Oxidative Status, and Fertility Traits in Male Japanese Quail Fed on Ginger (Zingiber officinale, Roscoe) Essential Oil

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale, Rosc.) essential oil on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, oxidative stress, and histological structure of testes and fertility traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 96 three-week-old male Japanese quail weighing between 120 and 130 g were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. Each group was divided into 4 replicates of 6 quails. Quails in control group received orally 100 μl/kg bw of distilled water, while the three test groups received, respectively, by gastric intubation 50, 100, and 150 μl/kg bw of ginger essential oil. At 12 weeks old, twelve birds per treatment were randomly selected and fasted for 24 hours, weighed, and slaughtered to assess organ and biochemical parameters. At the same period, 4 mature male quails per treatment were chosen at random and individually housed in cages, each with four untreated females for fertility and hatchability traits. The main results revealed that growth characteristics were not markedly (P > 0.05) affected by essential oil whatever the dose. The left testis weight increased significantly (P < 0.05) with 100 and 150 μl/kg bw of essential oil compared to the control. The serum content in total cholesterol and triglycerides, the liver weight, the serum content in transaminases, and malondialdehyde decreased in treated quails. The serum content in total protein and globulin and the antioxidant enzymes activities increased in treated birds compared to the control. The histological changes in the testis were less visible in treated Japanese quails. At the doses of 100 and 150 μl/kg bw, this essential oil induced a significant increase (P < 0.05) in fertility rate compared to the control. Under the conditions of this study, the ginger rhizomes essential oil can be used in poultry to reduce the lipid peroxidation in reproductive tissues and improve the fertility traits.
Des séquences vidéo aux panoramas de mouvement

La construction d’un panorama est possible à partir d’une séquence vidéo provenant d’une caméra subissant un mouvement de rotation pure. Un panorama constitue une représentation “minimale” de la séquence vidéo. Les approches existantes permettent de traiter efficacement les séquences vidéo de scènes statiques. Dans ce travail, nous faisons l’hypothèse que la scène observée est constituée d’un fond statique et d’une couche dynamique. Nous proposons un cadre pour la construction de panoramas de mouvement, permettant de représenter de telles séquences de manière efficace.
Pharmacogenomics of Sulfonylureas Response in Relation to rs7754840 Polymorphisms in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Regulatory Subunit-associated Protein 1-like (CDKAL1) Gene in Iranian Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Background: Sulfonylureas are important drugs of choice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is suggested that differential response to sulfonylureas from T2DM patients is under influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in some of the target genes. In spite of favorable therapeutic effects, sulfonylureas are associated with some adverse side effects such as microvascular complications and stroke, especially in older patients. Therefore, for T2DM patients who are getting less benefit, sulfonylureas should be avoided. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1) gene variation is reported to be associated with sulfonylureas effectiveness. Due to the inconsistency of available data regarding association of rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene with sulfonylureas response in T2DM patients, the present study is conducted. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one diabetic patients sensitive to sulfonylureas and 51 patients resistant to sulfonylureas treatment were recruited to this study. After extraction of DNA from patients' peripheral blood samples, rs7754840 single-nucleotide polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using MaeII (Tail) restriction enzyme. Results: Frequency of G allele in resistant group was more than sensitive group (71, 6% vs. 57, 8%). Regression analysis was shown significant association between GG genotype and higher risk of resistance to sulfonylureas treatment (odds ratio = 2.250 [95% confidential intervals: 1.010–5.012]; P = 0.046). Conclusion: Our data confirmed that genotypes of rs7754840 are significantly associated with sulfonylureas treatment response. rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene in combination with other clinicopathological findings would help to move towards personalized therapy of T2DM patients.
A wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna for circularly polarized radiation

A wideband circularly polarized (CP) magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna has been designed in this paper. The proposed antenna fed by a Γ-shaped probe consists of a pair of rotationally symmetric horizontal patches and two vertical patches with the ground. With and a metallic cavity with two gaps, good performances including wideband and low back lobe level are achieved. A prototype was fabricated, and measurement results demonstrate an impedance bandwidth of 65% for SWR≤2 and a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 71.5%.
Stacked Ge-Nanosheet GAAFETs Fabricated by Ge/Si Multilayer Epitaxy

Horizontally stacked Ge-nanosheet gate-all-around FETs (GAAFETs) are demonstrated for the first time. The Ge/Si multilayers instead of the typically used Ge/SiGe ones were epitaxially grown as the starting material. To avoid island growth, the Ge/Si multilayers were epitaxially grown at a low temperature. Using megasonic agitation, the Si in Ge/Si multilayers can be easily etched with good selectivity using a tetramethylammonium hydroxide water solution at an appropriate temperature. Finally, the p- and n-GAAFETs of gate length (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}_{G})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 90 nm were fabricated, and drive currents <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1650 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1510~\mu \text{A}/\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (per width of channel footprint) were achieved, respectively.
LA PROBLEMATIQUE DES PRATIQUES BUDGÉTAIRES DANS LES PAYS DE L'AFRIQUE SUB-SAHARIENNE (PASS) : INFLUENCE DE L'ANCIENNE METROPOLE COLONIALE SUR LES DÉPENSES GOUVERNEMENTAL ES

Resume Les pays en voie de developpement (PVD), avec une situation economique paralysee, presentent des pratiques budgetaires caracteristiques. L’objectif principal des pratiques budgetaires, dans les PVD, est d’augmenter le revenu par habitant et le niveau du developpement humain. Pour le cas des pays de l’Afrique Sub-sahariennes, les pratiques budgetaires trouvent leur origine dans celle de l’ancienne metropole coloniale. Ce travail montre l’influence de cette derniere sur les depenses gouvernementales des PASS. La conclusion est que l’influence est plus observee au niveau normatif qu’au niveau positif.
Half-Duplex ALOHA Systems for Low Power Wide Area Networks

In low power wide area (LPWA) networks, low-cost end devices (EDs) such as sensors communicate with a central base station (BS) using pure ALOHA protocol. In particular, half-duplex is considered wherein the BS switches from receiving to transmitting mode after receiving a packet successfully from an ED in order to send the acknowledgement. Since the EDs can not know at the moment when the BS turns to the receiving mode, the packets transmitted by the EDs during the receiving mode of the BS are lost. To investigate performance of such half-duplex pure ALOHA systems, this paper develops a semi-Markov (SM) process model for pure ALOHA channel with infinite population. Furthermore, the SM process is approximated with an $M/M/1$ system in order to analyze the system with finite population. As results, this paper presents how the performance of half-duplex system is influenced by switching time, backoff interval of EDs, and stability criteria of the system, which are verified through system simulations.
Soft Air Interface to Support 5G Services and Requirements

The 5G NR is the next frontier of innovation for the wireless industry and broader ICT ecosystem. It is common consensus that 5G NR will make breakthroughs to support ultra-large capacity and ultra-high data rate for massive connectivity but with ultra-low latency and ultra-low energy consumption. Making this 5G NR a reality requires a unified, more capable air interface design that will bring new levels of flexibility, scalability, and efficiency to meet the expanding needs in the next decade and beyond. In this article, we explore some key advanced techniques for the soft air interface from our viewpoint. These techniques can strongly support 5G NR to get the most out of every bit of spectrum across a wide range of all spectrum bands from below 1 GHz up to 100 GHz and enable air interface slicing for diverse services and forward compatibility.
Engineering Approaches to Assessing Hydration Status

Dehydration is a common condition characterized by a decrease in total body water. Acute dehydration can cause physical and cognitive impairment, heat stroke and exhaustion, and, if severe and uncorrected, even death. The health effects of chronic mild dehydration are less well studied with urolithiasis (kidney stones) the only condition consistently associated with it. Aside from infants and those with particular medical conditions, athletes, military personnel, manual workers, and older adults are at particular risk of dehydration due to their physical activity, environmental exposure, and/or challenges in maintaining fluid homeostasis. This review describes the different approaches that have been explored for hydration assessment in adults. These include clinical indicators perceived by the patient or detected by a practitioner and routine laboratory analyses of blood and urine. These techniques have variable accuracy and practicality outside of controlled environments, creating a need for simple, portable, and rapid hydration monitoring devices. We review the wide array of devices proposed for hydration assessment based on optical, electromagnetic, chemical, and acoustical properties of tissue and bodily fluids. However, none of these approaches has yet emerged as a reliable indicator in diverse populations across various settings, motivating efforts to develop new methods of hydration assessment.
Modified silicon micromachining process with air cavities and silicon-to-air transitions for low-loss millimeter-wave antenna tape-out

In this paper, a modified silicon micromachining process is utilized to design millimeter-wave devices with air media. The modified silicon micromachining process is suitable for designing low loss air-cavity structure to mitigate dielectric loss in millimeter-wave band. However, due to the large permittivity difference between air (∊r = 1) and silicon (∊r = 11.9), a compact feeding structure is necessary to transmit energy from silicon medium to air cavity in the silicon based on-chip applications. For our demonstration purpose, a two-element slot antenna array with a compact transition structure is fabricated by using the modified silicon micromachining technique. The numerical and experimental results show that the modified silicon micromachining process technique exhibits exciting possibilities for low-loss millimeter-wave applications.
Evidence That ADAM17 Mediates the Protective Action of CGRP against Angiotensin II-Induced Inflammation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has a potent protective action on the cardiovascular system; however, little is known about the role of CGRP in angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced inflammation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This study is aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory effect of CGRP in Ang II-treated VSMCs and whether a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) modulates this protective action. Small interference RNA (siRNA) and inhibitors of CGRP, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were adopted to investigate their effect on Ang II-induced inflammation in VSMCs. Here, we found that CGRP could inhibit inflammation and decrease ADAM17 expression and activation of EGFR and ERK1/2 in VSMCs stimulated with Ang II. Results of siRNA demonstrated that ADAM17 siRNA attenuated Ang II-induced inflammation and up-regulation of activities of EGFR and ERK1/2 in VSMCs. Furthermore, the EGFR-ERK1/2 pathway promoted Ang II-induced VSMC inflammation. In summary, these findings identify the anti-inflammatory effect of CGRP in VSMCs stimulated by Ang II and suggest that ADAM17 is involved in the protective effect of CGRP against Ang II-induced inflammation via the EGFR-ERK1/2 pathway in VSMCs.
The Effect of Chronic NO Synthase Inhibition on the Vasoactive and Structural Properties of Thoracic Aorta, NO Synthase Activity, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young SHR

Although the role of nitric oxide (NO) in essential hypertension is still unclear, the effects of long-term NO deficiency have not yet been investigated during the critical juvenile period in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We aimed to analyze the effects of chronic NO synthase (NOS) inhibition on systolic blood pressure (sBP), vasoactivity, morphological changes and superoxide level in the thoracic aorta (TA), NOS activity in different tissues, and general biomarkers of oxidative stress in plasma of young SHR. Four-week-old SHR were treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 4-5 weeks. L-NAME treatment induced a transient sBP increase only, and surprisingly, slightly inhibited endothelium-dependent relaxation of TA. Hereby, the inhibition of NOS activity varied from tissue to tissue, ranging from the lowest in the TA and the kidney to the highest in the brain stem. In spite of an increased sensitivity of adrenergic receptors, the maximal adrenergic contraction of TA was unchanged, which was associated with changes in elastin arrangement and an increase in wall thickness. The production of reactive oxygen species in the TA was increased; however, the level of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress did not change. Our findings proved that the TA of young SHR responded to chronic NO deficiency by the development of adaptive mechanisms on the functional (preserved NO-derived vasorelaxation, unincreased contraction) and molecular (preserved NOS activity) level.
Protective coatings based on 2D-materials

Nickel-coating on stainless steel enhances its short term anti-corrosion properties. Multi-layer graphene film on steel enhances long-term corrosion resistance. The effect of nickel in corrosion resistance of graphene/nickel/steel is important. Accelerated reaction kinetics are used to simulate effect of longer exposures. a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 24 March 2015 Received in revised form 15 May 2015 Accepted 2 June 2015 Available online 12 June 2015
Vertically Integrated Reconfigurable Nanowire Arrays

This letter discusses a feasible variant of vertically integrated reconfigurable field effect transistors (RFET) based on top–down nanowires. The structures were studied by 3-D device simulations. Subdividing the structure into two vertical pillars allows a lean technological realization as well as simple access to the electrodes. In addition of enabling p- and n-FET operations like a horizontal RFET, the device delivers higher performance. We show that by the integration of additional vertical pillars and select gates, a higher device functionality and flexibility in interconnection are provided.
Mapping Paddy Rice Area and Yields Over Thai Binh Province in Viet Nam From MODIS, Landsat, and ALOS-2/PALSAR-2

This study uses multiple satellite datasets to map paddy rice areas and yields for the Thai Binh Province, Viet Nam, over the summer growing season of 2015. The major datasets used are: first, surface reflectance and vegetation indices (VI) by fusing the optical observations from the Landsat sensors and the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer; and second, the L-band radar data from the PALSAR-2 sensor onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite 2. We find that although the fused VI time series are not necessarily beneficial for paddy rice mapping, the fusion datasets reduce observational gaps and allow us to better identify peak VI values and derive their empirical relationships with crop-cutting yield data ($R^{2}= {\text{0.4}}$ for all the rice types, and $R^{2}= {\text{0.69}}$ for the dominant rice type −58% of all the sampled fields). The L-band radar data have slightly lower performance in rice mapping than the optical satellite data, while it has much less contribution to yield estimation than the optical data. Furthermore, our study suggests the geolocation errors of satellite images be taken into account when selecting small sample areas for crop cutting. This practice will ensure the representativeness of crop-cutting sample areas with regard to satellite observations and thus better linkages between field data and satellite pixels for yield modeling. We also highlight the need of crop-cutting data from multiple years and/or at different regions to account for the spatial and temporal variations of harvest index to improve the spatially explicit rice yield estimates through satellite observations.
Tapered slot antenna array for 5G wireless communication systems

To meet the requirements of the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, a tapered slot antenna (TSA) array operating at 42 GHz fed by a compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power divider is discussed. Feeding network realized by a 1-to-8 way SIW power divider is introduced to excite each TSA element with proper phase and amplitude for prospective radiation pattern. This work implemented two TSA arrays based on microstrip line-SIW transition and SIW splicing structure respectively. According to measurement results, proposed array antennas achieve impendence bandwidths of 18.96% (38.2 GHz–46.2 GHz) and 20.95% (38.2 GHz–47.0 GHz) with reflection coefficient less than −10 dB respectively, and both are practical for upcoming 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) application.
Design of 6 × 6 dual-band MIMO antenna array for 4.5G/5G smartphone applications

A dual-band 6 × 6 antenna array operating in the LTE band7 downlink (2620–2690 MHz) and LTE band46 (5150–5925 MHz) for 4.5G/5G communication multi-input multi-output (MIMO) operation in the smartphone is presented. The proposed dual-band antenna array elements are symmetrically placed along the long edges of the smartphone, and the antenna element is composed of three parts: a L-shaped feeding monopole, a grounded monopole and a cuboid-shaped carrier. Acceptable isolation (better than about 10 dB), good efficiency of more than 60% and good envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) of less than 0.05 for any two antennas in the proposed array are obtained.
Unused Beam Reservation for PAPR Reduction in Massive MIMO System

In this paper a new unused beam reservation (UBR) algorithm is proposed to reduce peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal in the downlink channel of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system. The main challenge with PAPR reduction in coming 5G system is the selection of a method, which has an ultra-low latency and ability to reduce PAPR without performance degradation of high order modulation users (QAM256, QAM1024). This paper reviews some conventional PAPR reduction techniques with respect to selective tone reservation algorithm (STR, [1]) and finally we propose the UBR algorithm, which provides an extra gain in multi-user (MU) MIMO application scenarios. UBR is a non-iterative algorithm compared with a well-known tones reservation, constellation extension and clipping & filtering methods. It is based on a non-iterative modulation of unused beams amplitudes in the downlink channel of MU-MIMO so that target users are not degraded while PAPR is reduced on each TX antenna. Also UBR is fully consistent with 5G standard requirements and has a low latency. Advantages and disadvantages of this technique are discussed in details, simulation results are presented for 64 antennas of virtual Massive MIMO cell.