Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomical aspects of the superior olivary complex

The cytology of the superior olivary complex was studied in Nissl stained sections of eight human brainstems, including adult, infant and fetus, and in the brains of ten juvenile rhesus monkeys. The most prominent components of the superior olivary complex of primates were specifically investigated, i.e., the medial (SOM) and lateral (SOL) superior olivary nuclei. Cell counts of these segments were done in human brainstems. The adult SOM was comprised of an average of 11,428 (7,850–15,010) perikarya; the SOL contained an average of 3,923 (2,890–5,400) neurons. These findings indicate that the SOL contains as many cells as reported in other primates, and is not reduced. The SOL appears somewhat inconspicuous in the human because it is organized into as many as six clusters of cells rather than forming one well circumscribed configuration as in the monkey and cat.
Natural dialogue with the Jijo-2 office robot

This paper reports on our work on the spoken dialogue interface to Jijo-2, an autonomous mobile office robot. We propose an attentional state model for office robot dialogue based on the centering model [2]. We give details of the implementation of Jijo-2's language components and give our algorithm for reducing the ambiguity of dialogues by identifying pronoun referents.
The uncertain time dependent vehicle routing problem with soft time windows

This paper studies an uncertain time-dependent vehicle routing problem with soft time windows. A novel mathematical model which considers both transportation costs (total traveling distance and number of vehicles) and service costs (early and late arrivals) is developed, and the equations for calculating the expected total service costs are deduced under uncertainty and time-dependency. A variation of artificial bee colony algorithm is designed to solve the problem; computational results show the feasibility of this approach.
An outbreak of caprine meningoencephalitis due to Escherichia coli O157:H7

Five 1-month-old kid goats from a local herd in Kozani (northwest Greece) developed neurological disorders characterized by decreased appetite, ataxia, and head pressing. The animals received a 3-day course of treatment with intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin and ketoprofen. However, no significant clinical improvement was achieved, and 2 kids died. The remaining 3 animals were euthanized, and a necropsy was performed within 1 hr. Macroscopic lesions were confined to the central nervous system, with congestion and petechiae in the meninges. Microscopic lesions in all 3 animals revealed multifocal acute meningoencephalitis characterized by infiltrations composed of mononuclear inflammatory cells, lesser numbers of lymphocytes, and occasionally neutrophils and eosinophils. Additionally, in the kidney, there was multifocal expansion of the glomerular tufts by eosinophilic amorphous material, multifocal interstitial hemorrhages, and multifocal glomerular hypercellularity. The above noted lesions are consisted with an acute ongoing nephropathy indicative of a septicemic–toxemic procedure at its primary stages. Small, gray bacterial colonies, 3–4 mm in diameter, were obtained in pure culture from the brain of all 3 necropsied animals and were confirmed as Escherichia coli O157:H7 by use of phenotypic and genotypic methods. The isolates were sensitive to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, and gentamicin. In contrast, resistance to enrofloxacin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline was displayed. Additionally the bacterial isolates were found to carry a plasmid that harbored qnrS, sulII, and tetB genes that contribute to high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones, co-trimoxazole, and tetracycline, respectively.
A chemsex crucible: the context and the controversy

The public health response to chemsex, when understood objectively, is actually a simple model of multidisciplinary interventions. Just as opiate addiction requires behavioural therapies, medicine, community engagement, and an understanding of the motivations for use, chemsex requires – well, exactly the same. Many excellent models of chemsex support already exist internationally.1–3 Unfortunately, however, you can't remove the sex from chemsex; and where there is sex, there are moral and religious judgments and stigmas. Make that gay sex, include HIV, and chemsex becomes something that can require some untangling before an effective public health response can be mounted. The untangling must, therefore, begin with a definition. Chemsex is a word invented on geo-sexual networking apps by gay men (and adopted by the gay men's health sector) that defines a syndemic of specific behaviours associated with specific recreational drugs, and is particular to a specific, high-risk population. Though the media spotlight may have distorted the term to define the use of any drugs in sexual contexts by any population,4 chemsex actually refers to the use of any combination of drugs that includes crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone and/or gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB)/gammabutyrolactone (GBL), used before or during sex by men who have sex with men (MSM). These …
Arbeit, was ist das eigentlich? Eine Betrachtung über den Zusammenhang von Entropie, Energie und Ergonomie: What is Work? A consideration of the relation of Entropy, Energy and Ergonomics

Die Betrachtung des Turingprozesses und des Arbeitszyklus bei einem manuellen Montagevorgang lassen Arbeit generell als Ordnungsvorgang sichtbar werden. Da Arbeit ein Ordnungsprozess ist, der einer Zunahme von Information entspricht, was entgegen der naturlichen Tendenz eine Abnahme der Entropie bedeutet, ist mit ihr immer der Umsatz von Energie verbunden. Die Revolutionen in der technischen Entwicklung, die die Arbeit wesentlich verandert haben, erklaren sich aus den verschiedenen Formen der Energiebereitstellung und zuletzt des Informationswandels. Daraus leitet sich zwangslaufig der Wandel von produzierender Arbeit zu Dienstleistungsarbeit ab. Es ist mit einer Schwerpunktsverschiebung von der reinen Erwerbsarbeit zu einer starkeren Betonung der Familien- und Burgerarbeit zu rechnen, worauf sich die Administration einzustellen hatte.
Development of a Self-Constructing Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Online Classification of Physical Movements

This work is a part of the project "context- aware cardiac long-term monitoring (CALM)" of the Institute for information processing technology of the University of Karlsruhe. The aim of our research is the development of a system to help on the prevention of cardiovascular illnesses by continuous telemonitoring of patients. Therefore, the system should enable patient-friendly measurements of blood- pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG). Furthermore, it should allow an objective evaluation of the patient's physiological parameters taking into consideration context information. When evaluating cardiovascular parameters, the most important context information is physical activity. For obtaining the activity or movements of a patient, the authors propose a system based on acceleration sensors and adaptive neuro- fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for pattern classification. Using this method, an online self-constructing activity recognition system has been developed and its results are shown.
Behavioral risk factors for disease and preventive health practices among lesbians.

OBJECTIVES This study compared the prevalence of health behaviors among lesbians and in the general population of women. METHODS We used a cross-sectional community-based survey of 1010 self-identified lesbians 18 years or older. RESULTS Compared with the general population of women, lesbians were more likely to report cigarette use, alcohol use, and heavy alcohol use. A higher percentage of lesbians were categorized as overweight, and lesbians were more likely to participate in vigorous physical activity. They were less likely to report having had a Papanicolaou test within the past 2 years but more likely to report ever having had a mammogram. CONCLUSIONS While there may be differences in health behaviors between lesbians and the general population of women, how these differences influence the risk of subsequent disease is unknown.
Religious coping is associated with the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer.

BACKGROUND For patients confronting a life-threatening illness such as advanced cancer, religious coping can be an important factor influencing their quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVE The study's main purpose was to examine the association between religious coping and QOL among 170 patients with advanced cancer. Both positive religious coping (e.g., benevolent religious appraisals) and negative religious coping (e.g., anger at God) and multiple dimensions of QOL (physical, physical symptom, psychological, existential, and support) were studied. DESIGN Structured interviews were conducted with 170 patients recruited as part of an ongoing multi-institutional longitudinal evaluation of the prevalence of mental illness and patterns of mental health service utilization in advanced cancer patients and their primary informal caregivers. MEASUREMENTS Patients completed measures of QOL (McGill QOL questionnaire), religious coping (Brief Measure of Religious Coping [RCOPE] and Multidimensional Measure of Religion/ Spirituality), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale), and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Linear regression analyses revealed that after controlling for sociodemographic variables, lifetime history of depression and self-efficacy, greater use of positive religious coping was associated with better overall QOL as well as higher scores on the existential and support QOL dimensions. Greater use of positive religious coping was also related to more physical symptoms. In contrast, greater use of negative religious coping was related to poorer overall QOL and lower scores on the existential and psychological QOL dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Findings show that religious coping plays an important role for the QOL of patients and the types of religious coping strategies used are related to better or poorer QOL.
Incorporation of caged cysteine and caged tyrosine into a transmembrane segment of the nicotinic ACh receptor.

The nonsense codon suppression technique was used to incorporate o-nitrobenzyl cysteine or o-nitrobenzyl tyrosine (caged Cys or Tyr) into the 9' position of the M2 transmembrane segment of the gamma-subunit of the muscle nicotinic ACh receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The caged amino acids replaced an endogenous Leu residue that has been implicated in channel gating. ACh-induced current increased substantially after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to remove the caging group. This represents the first successful incorporation of caged Cys into a protein in vivo and the first incorporation of caged amino acids within a transmembrane segment of a membrane protein. The bulky nitrobenzyl group does not prevent the synthesis, assembly, or trafficking of the ACh receptor. When side chains were decaged using 1-ms UV light flashes, the channels with caged Cys or caged Tyr responded with strikingly different kinetics. The increase in current upon photolysis of caged Cys was too rapid for resolution by the voltage-clamp circuit [time constant (tau) <10 ms], whereas the increase in current upon photolysis of caged Tyr was dominated by a phase with tau approximately 500 ms. Apparently, the presence of a bulky o-nitrobenzyl Tyr residue distorts the receptor into an abnormal conformation. Upon release of the caging group, the receptor relaxes, with tau approximately 500 ms, into a conformation that allows the channel to open. Tyr at the 9' position of the gamma-subunit greatly increases the ability of ACh to block the channel by binding within the channel pore. This is manifested in two ways. 1) A "rebound," or increase in current, occurs upon removal of ACh from the bathing medium; and 2) at ACh concentrations >400 microM, inward currents are decreased through the mutated channel. The ability to incorporate caged amino acids into proteins should have widespread utility.
Sensory feedback by peripheral nerve stimulation improves task performance in individuals with upper limb loss using a myoelectric prosthesis

Objective. Tactile feedback is critical to grip and object manipulation. Its absence results in reliance on visual and auditory cues. Our objective was to assess the effect of sensory feedback on task performance in individuals with limb loss. Approach. Stimulation of the peripheral nerves using implanted cuff electrodes provided two subjects with sensory feedback with intensity proportional to forces on the thumb, index, and middle fingers of their prosthetic hand during object manipulation. Both subjects perceived the sensation on their phantom hand at locations corresponding to the locations of the forces on the prosthetic hand. A bend sensor measured prosthetic hand span. Hand span modulated the intensity of sensory feedback perceived on the thenar eminence for subject 1 and the middle finger for subject 2. We performed three functional tests with the blindfolded subjects. First, the subject tried to determine whether or not a wooden block had been placed in his prosthetic hand. Second, the subject had to locate and remove magnetic blocks from a metal table. Third, the subject performed the Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure (SHAP). We also measured the subject’s sense of embodiment with a survey and his self-confidence. Main results. Blindfolded performance with sensory feedback was similar to sighted performance in the wooden block and magnetic block tasks. Performance on the SHAP, a measure of hand mechanical function and control, was similar with and without sensory feedback. An embodiment survey showed an improved sense of integration of the prosthesis in self body image with sensory feedback. Significance. Sensory feedback by peripheral nerve stimulation improved object discrimination and manipulation, embodiment, and confidence. With both forms of feedback, the blindfolded subjects tended toward results obtained with visual feedback.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMPETITIVIDADE E TERMOS CORRELATOS: UMA ANÁLISE DE REDES SOCIAIS (ARS)

A humanidade esta passando por um momento de conscientizacao da forma de vida sobre a Terra. Historicamente, o posicionamento estrategico da especie e das organizacoes mostra-se alinhado com as percepcoes sobre o meio de vida. O objetivo deste artigo e apresentar a rede de termos correlatos a “estrategias de competitividade”, considerando o entrelacamento teorico, tecnico e multidisciplinar, por meio da Analise de Redes Sociais (ARS). O metodo cientifico utilizado foi o dedutivo, sendo a pesquisa descritiva e a abordagem qualitativa, com o uso de dados secundarios. Alem da introducao, na segunda secao deste artigo esta a fundamentacao teorica utilizada para a leitura do levantamento de dados. Na terceira secao esta a metodologia da pesquisa, que contem a descricao dos instrumentos, das tecnicas e dos procedimentos. Na quarta secao, estao os resultados do levantamento e da analise de dados, bem como a ARS realizada com o uso do software Gephi e com dados do Google Trends. A rede que resultou do esforco do mapeamento de termos correlatos a “estrategias de competitividade” aponta que a centralidade da busca por conhecimento destes termos, neste momento de conscientizacao da humanidade, esta em “projetos”, “tecnologia” e “qualidade”. Estes podem ser considerados como os fatores determinantes da competitividade para a gestao empresarial e a estrutura de custos e o ponto de partida da captacao dos momentos, quando se trata de “estrategia de competitividade” para a construcao da sustentabilidade organizacional. Aponta-se como limitacao do estudo a fragilidade do levantamento dos termos correlatos a “estrategias de competitividade” por meio de base secundaria de dados, introduzindo-se a necessidade de novos estudos a partir da base primaria das informacoes. Como principal resultado aponta-se a necessidade da compreensao do tema da seguinte forma: “estrategia como um sistema tecnologico de competitividade”.
Conception et réalisation d'un interrupteur bidirectionnel silicium pour des applications secteur : le transistor BipAC

Ces travaux s'inscrivent dans le contexte de la gestion de l'energie electrique dans les applications domestiques 230V - 50Hz. Le niveau de puissance vise se situe aux environs de la centaine de watts, et les structures de conversion utilisent des interrupteurs bidirectionnels bicommandables realises aujourd'hui a l'aide d'associations anti-serie de composants de type MOS. Malgre les ameliorations apportees par certains de ces dispositifs, leur cout de fabrication reste encore eleve et limite leur plus large diffusion sur ce marche partage avec le triac a ce jour. Nous proposons une architecture de structure bipolaire bidirectionnelle en courant et symetrique en tension appelee BipAC. Le BipAC est une structure verticale bidirectionnelle, controlable a la fermeture et a l'ouverture, realisable sur substrat N (BipAC PNP) ou P (BipAC NPN). Sa faible chute de tension a l'etat passant et sa commande ON/OFF avec une seule electrode de reference la rendent interessante pour des applications specifiques a faible niveau de courant (<1A). L'etude de la structure BipAC s'appuie sur des simulations physiques 2D effectuees a l'aide du logiciel SentaurusTM. Afin d'ameliorer le gain en courant de la structure BipAC initiale, une nouvelle version du BipAC a ete proposee et validee par des simulations physiques 2D (de type process et electrique). Ensuite, des masques sont concus sous le logiciel CadenceTM. La structure initiale est realisee sur les deux types de substrat et pour deux epaisseurs differentes de chaque type. La fonctionnalite du BipAC est validee par des caracterisations electriques.
Risk assessment models for cancer‐associated venous thromboembolism

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in cancer patients, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several factors, including procoagulant agents secreted by tumor cells, immobilization, surgery, indwelling catheters, and systemic treatment (including chemotherapy), contribute to an increased risk of VTE in cancer patients. There is growing interest in instituting primary prophylaxis in high‐risk patients to prevent incident (first‐time) VTE events. The identification of patients at sufficiently high risk of VTE to warrant primary thromboprophylaxis is essential, as anticoagulation may be associated with a higher risk of bleeding. Current guidelines recommend the use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in postoperative and hospitalized cancer patients, as well as ambulatory cancer patients receiving thalidomide or lenalidomide in combination with high‐dose dexamethasone or chemotherapy, in the absence of contraindications to anticoagulation. However, the majority of cancer patients are ambulatory, and currently primary thromboprophylaxis is not recommended for these patients, even those considered at very high risk. In this concise review, the authors discuss risk stratification models that have been specifically developed to identify cancer patients at high risk for VTE, and thus might be useful in future studies designed to determine the potential benefit of primary thromboprophylaxis. Cancer 2012;3468–3476. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Classification de données massives de télédétection

La multiplication des sources de donnees et la mise a disposition de systemes d'imagerie a haute resolution a fait rentrer l'observation de la Terre dans le monde du big data. Cela a permis l'emergence de nouvelles applications (etude de la repartition des sols par data mining, etc.) et a rendu possible l'application d'outils statistiques venant des domaines de l'apprentissage automatique et de la vision par ordinateur. Cette these cherche a concevoir et implementer un modele de classification beneficiant de l'existence de grande bases de donnees haute resolution (si possible, annotees) et capable de generer des cartes semantiques selon diverses thematiques. Les applications vises incluent la cartographie de zones urbaines ainsi que l'etude de la geologie et de la vegetation a des fins industrielles.L'objectif de la these est de developper de nouveaux outils statistiques pour la classification d'images aeriennes et satellitaires. Des approches d'apprentissage supervise telles que les reseaux de neurones profonds, surpassant l'etat-de-l'art en combinant des caracteristiques locales des images et beneficiant d'une grande quantite de donnees annotees, seront particulierement etudiees. Les principales problematiques sont les suivantes : (a) la prediction structuree (comment introduire la structure spatial et spectral dans l'apprentissage ? ), (b) la fusion de donnees heterogenes (comment fusionner des donnees SAR, hyperspectrales et Lidar ? ), (c) la coherence physique du modele (comment inclure des connaissances physiques a priori dans le modele ? ) et (d) le passage a l'echelle (comment rendre les solutions proposees capables de traiter une quantite massive de donnees ? ).
A novel wireless motion sensor for analyzing golf swing

Recently, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensor chips are widely used for human motion analysis because of their high-precision measurement, compact structures and the lower cost. In our research, a group of new multi-axis MEMS sensors including a six-axial motion module (MPU6050, including a triaxial gyroscope and triaxial accelerometer), and triaxial magnetometer (HMC5883L) were incorporated to construct a nine degrees of freedom MEMS-sensor module, which can communicate with a personal computer through a WIFI module. Smart phone can be used in the sensor data collection and information feedback for user. In this paper, we use the sensor module to analyze golf swing to find the ideal location where releasing the club head. To test the feasibility of the method, validation experiments were performed in a work bench. Experimental results supported the fact that the wireless MEMS-sensor module can be used to measure the location of releasing club head in golf swing with an acceptable precision.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli isolated from ducks in Korea

: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia ( E. ) coli isolated from ducks in Korea. A total of 400 cecal content samples were collected from 40 duck farms in Korea. Isolated Salmonella spp. and E. coli strains were 83 and 364 of the 400 cecal samples, respectively. The most prevalent serotype among the 83 Salmonella isolates was Salmonella Typhimurium (51 isolates: 61.45%). Resistance to the tested antimicrobial agents by Salmonella isolates was low except for erythromycin, while the resistance of the E. coli isolates to the other tested antimicrobial agents was high and 90.9% (331/364) of E. coli isolates showed multi-antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance in duck zoonotic pathogens should be of concern to the Korean duck industry, as these pathogens exhibit a high rate of antimicrobial resistance and pose a potential hazard to public health.