Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning Part Generation and Assembly for Sketching Man‐Made Objects

Modeling 3D objects on existing software usually requires a heavy amount of interactions, especially for users who lack basic knowledge of 3D geometry. Sketch‐based modeling is a solution to ease the modelling procedure and thus has been researched for decades. However, modelling a man‐made shape with complex structures remains challenging. Existing methods adopt advanced deep learning techniques to map holistic sketches to 3D shapes. They are still bottlenecked to deal with complicated topologies. In this paper, we decouple the task of sketch2shape into a part generation module and a part assembling module, where deep learning methods are leveraged for the implementation of both modules. By changing the focus from holistic shapes to individual parts, it eases the learning process of the shape generator and guarantees high‐quality outputs. With the learned automated part assembler, users only need a little manual tuning to obtain a desired layout. Extensive experiments and user studies demonstrate the usefulness of our proposed system.
Can the seasonal pattern of consumption growth reproduce habits in the cross-section of stock returns? Evidence from the European equity market

This paper examines the prevalence for Europe of some well-documented seasonal patterns in consumption data, which allow classic consumption-based asset pricing models to omit an explicit habit specification. We use the Campbell-Cochrane habit model as a reference, proxying habit persistence by the serial correlation of consumer sentiment. Our results show that consumption data for the third and fourth quarters allow the classic power utility function to perform very similarly to the Campbell-Cochrane model, while the serial correlation of consumer sentiment helps improve the explanatory power of habits.
Comparison of the Rheological Behavior of Solutions and Formulated Oil-in-Water Emulsions Containing Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)

In this study, it was aimed to compare the rheological properties of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in aqueous solutions and their corresponding emulsions containing 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% CMC in the aqueous phase. Samples with 0.05 and 0.1% CMC showed Newtonian behavior, but shear-thinning behavior was observed in CMC solutions and emulsions with increasing CMC concentrations to 0.25% and 0.5%. Rheological behavior of all samples were modeled by Power law (R 2 = 0.986–197) and Casson models (R 2 = 0.968–1). According to the Ostwald–de Waele model, the consistency index of all samples was increased and the flow behavior index decreased with increasing CMC concentration. Comparison of our data with four predicting models (Einstein, Larson, Pal, and Dougherty-Krieger equations) showed that the viscosity of continuous phase controls the viscosity of emulsions with high CMC concentrations and these models are not applicable for such situations. Addition of CMC increased the emulsion stability of O/W emulsions. This stability was increased with increasing CMC concentrations.
Biplane Fluoroscopic-Guided Percutaneous Thoracic Instrumentation: A Technical Note

Biplane fluoroscopy in a hybrid operating room (OR) is commonly used for neuroendovascular and hybrid open/endovascular cases. The image quality is far superior to most C-arm fluoroscopy machines in the regular OR. This advantage can be particularly useful for upper and mid-thoracic percutaneous screw placement because the C-arm visualization in the regular OR is suboptimal due to shoulders absorbing the majority of the photons on lateral fluoroscopy. A 31-year-old man was ejected following a motor vehicle accident and sustained a T7 burst fracture with anterior translation on T8 and spinal cord transection. Following stabilization in the intensive care unit, the patient was taken to the biplane hybrid OR for percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. The patient had percutaneous instrumentation and fixation of T5-T10, and sequential reducers were also used to re-align T7 and T8. The use of biplane fluoroscopy enhanced safety and visualization. The patient tolerated the procedure well without complication. We believe this is an unrealized and underutilized function of a biplane hybrid OR that bears further investigation and study.
Enumeration of periodic tetrahedral frameworks

We describe a computer method for generating periodic 4-connected frameworks. Given the number of unique tetrahedral atoms and the crystallographic space group type, the algorithm systematically explores all combinations of connected atoms and crystallographic sites, seeking the 4-connected graphs. The resulting symmetry-encoded graphs are relaxed by simulated annealing to identify the regular tetrahedral frameworks. Results are presented for one unique tetrahedral atom in each of the 230 crystallographic space group types. Over 6,400 unique 3-dimensional 4-connected uninodal graphs are found when we restrict our search to those topologies that connect to nearest-neighbour asymmetric units. In any given space group, the number of graphs can depend on the choice of asymmetric unit. About 3% of the 4-connected graphs refine to reasonable tetrahedral conformations, and many are described. There is a combinatorial explosion of graphs as the number of unique vertices is increased, a result which currently restricts this method to consideration of small numbers of unique atoms.
Biofumigation with species of the Brassicaceae family: a review

ABSTRACT: Biofumigation involves the release of volatile biocidal compounds in the soil through the incorporation of certain plants and their residues. Species of the Brassicaceae family are the most widely used plants for biofumigation. These plants contain glucosinolates, which produce compounds, such as isothiocyanates, following enzymatic hydrolysis, with scientifically proven fungicidal effects. The most commonly used brassica species belong to the genera Brassica, Raphanus, Sinapis, and Eruca. In addition to the release of compounds in the soil, complementary mechanisms, such as the supply of organic matter and nutrients, and improvement of the soil structure, also play a role in biofumigation. In the past two decades, several studies on the use of brassica residues in biofumigation have been published, showing promising results in the management of soil pathogens (fungi and oomycetes, nematodes, bacteria, and protozoa), weed seeds, and insects. Usage of new biofumigation compounds has also been validated in recent years, including the development of patented technological products such as liquid formulations and pellets. The objective of this article was to review these new developments, beginning with concepts related to biofumigation, and to discuss the mechanisms of action of compounds involving brassica species and the recommendations on usage. Promising examples of the use of this technique are also presented, further detailing the advances in basic and applied knowledge on the subject.
Bi-Temporal Analysis of Spatial Changes of Boreal Forest Cover and Species in Siberia for the Years 1985 and 2015

Boreal forest is a sensitive indicator of the influence of climate change. It can quantify the level and spatial divergence of forest change for forest resources and carbon cycle research. This study selected a typical boreal forest affected by few human activities as a research area, in Siberia, with a latitude span of 51°N–69°N. A total of 150 Landsat images of this area acquired in 1985 and 2015 were collected. A hierarchical classification approach was first established to retrieve the information of forest cover and species. The forested and nonforested lands were discriminated by the decision tree method and, furthermore, the forested land was classified to broad-leaved and coniferous forests by a random forest algorithm. The overall accuracy was 90.37%, which indicates the validity of the approach. Finally, the quantitative information of the forest cover and species changes in each latitude zone of every 2° was analyzed. The results show that the overall boreal forest cover increased by 5.11% over the past three decades, with broad-leaved forest increasing by 3.54% and coniferous forest increasing by 1.57%. In addition, boreal forest increased in every latitude zone, and the spatial divergence of the changes of the boreal forest cover and species in different latitude zones were significant. Finally, broad-leaved forest increased more rapidly than coniferous forest, and the greatest increase, of up to 5.77%, occurred in the zone of 55°N–57°N.
Dual-mode endogenous and exogenous sensitization of tumor radiotherapy through antifouling dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles

Development of a powerful sensitization system to alleviate radioresistance for enhanced tumor radiotherapy (RT) remains to be explored. Herein, we present a unique dual-mode endogenous and exogenous nanosensitizer based on dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles (Au DENPs) to realize enhanced tumor RT. Methods: Generation 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers partially modified with 1,3-propanesultone were used for templated synthesis of Au NPs, and the created zwitterionic Au DENPs were adopted for serum-enhanced delivery of siRNA to lead to the knockdown of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein and downstream genes to relieve tumor invasion. The Au DENPs/siRNA polyplexes were also used for dual-mode endogenous and exogenous sensitization of tumor RT in vivo. Results: Due to the dual-mode endogenous sensitization through HIF-1α gene silencing and the exogenous sensitization through the existing Au component, enhanced RT of cancer cells in vitro and a tumor model in vivo can be realized, which was confirmed by enhanced cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro and double-strand DNA damage verified from the γ-H2AX protein expression in tumor cells in vivo. By integrating the advantages of HIF-1α gene silencing-induced downregulation of downstream genes and the dual-mode sensitization-enhanced RT, simultaneous inhibition of primary tumors and metastasis can be readily realized. Conclusions: The developed zwitterionic Au DENPs may be used as a promising platform for dual-mode endogenously and exogenously sensitized RT of other tumor types.
Modeling invasion potential of Lantana camara under the changing climate and land use/land cover change in Ethiopia: Its implication for management of the species

Abstract This study aimed to examine the current and future invasion potential of L. camara in Ethiopia under climate and land use/land cover changes and describes its possible range shift using an ensemble modeling approach. Under the current environmental condition, 4.2% of the total area of Ethiopia is suitable for L. camara invasion with three invasion hotspots identified in: the central, the northern, and the eastern Ethiopia hotspots. Of the total suitable areas, 0.6% has highest suitability, while 1.3% and 2.3% have moderate and low suitability, respectively. In 2050s, the area of highly suitable area for L. camara is expected to increase by 50% and 53.8%, while moderately suitable area is expected to increase by 43.5% and 51.9% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios, respectively. Highly suitable area for the species is projected to increase by 62.5% and 68.4% by 2070 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. This study has revealed that L. camara will likely expand its invading ranges towards areas characterized by warmer temperature as this climatic condition become more favorable. The results of this study can provide valuable information for strategic planning for invasive species, by identifying areas prone to invasion for possible mitigation-related interventions.
Identifying female phenotypes that promote behavioral isolation in a sexually dimorphic species of fish Etheostoma zonale

Abstract In sexually dimorphic species characterized by exaggerated male ornamentation, behavioral isolation is often attributed to female preferences for conspecific male signals. Yet, in a number of sexually dimorphic species, male mate choice also results in behavioral isolation. In many of these cases, the female traits that mediate species boundaries are unclear. Females in sexually dimorphic species typically lack many of the elaborate traits that are present in males and that are often used for taxonomic classification of species. In a diverse and largely sexually dimorphic group of fishes called darters (Percidae: Etheostoma), male mate choice contributes to behavioral isolation between a number of species; however, studies addressing which female traits males prefer are lacking. In this study, we identified the dominant female pattern for two sympatric species, Etheostoma zonale and Etheostoma barrenense, using pattern energy analysis, and we used discriminate function analysis to identify which aspects of female patterning can reliably classify species. We then tested the role of female features in male mate choice for E. zonale, by measuring male preference for computer animations displaying the identified (species-specific) conspecific features. We found that the region above the lateral line is important in mediating male mate preferences, with males spending a significantly greater proportion of time with animations exhibiting conspecific female patterning in this region than with animations exhibiting heterospecific female patterning. Our results suggest that the aspects of female phenotypes that are the target of male mate choice are different from the conspicuous male phenotypes that traditionally characterize species.
6DOF Object Positioning and Grasping Approach for Industrial Robots Based on Boundary Point Cloud Features

For the three-dimensional (3D) pose estimation of metal blank casts estimate in industrial production process, a novel 6-degree-of-freedom (6DOF) positioning and grasping approach for industrial robots based on boundary features and combining structured light 3D vision and the point cloud matching method is proposed. The proposed approach first uses the Gray code plus grating phase-shift algorithm to reconstruct the 3D surface information of the object. Subsequently, an improved point pair feature (PPF) matching location method based on point cloud boundary extraction is proposed to realize the accurate 6DOF pose estimation of the object. In this method, the point cloud boundary feature is used to optimize the PPF algorithm. Finally, by combining with the point cloud preprocessing process and the improved PPF matching location method, the 6DOF pose positioning of metal blank casting by industrial robots is realized. The proposed approach can accurately complete pose measurement and positioning of objects placed randomly in an open environment. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed PPF matching location method significantly improves both matching speed and accuracy compared to the traditional PPF algorithm.
Soil Carbon Loss and Weak Fire Feedbacks During Pliocene C4 Grassland Expansion in Australia

C4 grasslands proliferated later in Australia than they did on other continents (∼3.5 Ma vs. 10–5 Ma). It remains unclear whether this delay reflects differences in climate conditions or ecological feedbacks, such as fire, that promote C4 ecosystems. Here, we evaluated these factors using terrestrial biomarkers from marine sediments off western Australia. Fire‐derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) indicate fire ecology did not substantially change during or following C4 expansion. The presence of fire‐adapted C3 woody vegetation likely diminished the role of fire and delayed C4 expansion until it was prompted by climate drying between 3.5 and 3.0 Ma. At the same time, mass accumulation rates of weathered PAHs increased 100‐fold, which indicates a significant loss of soil carbon accompanied this ecosystem shift. The tight couplings between hydroclimate and carbon storage altered boundary conditions for Australian ecosystems, and similar abrupt behavior may shape environmental responses to climate change.
Multieffect Coupled Nanogenerators

With the advent of diverse electronics, the available energy may be light, thermal, and mechanical energies. Multieffect coupled nanogenerators (NGs) exhibit strong ability to harvest ambient energy by integrating various effects comprising piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, thermoelectricity, optoelectricity, and triboelectricity into a standalone device. Interaction of multitype effects can promote energy harvesting and conversion by modulating charge carriers' behaviour. Multieffect coupled NGs stand for a vital group of energy harvesters, supporting the advances of an electronic device and promoting the resolution of energy crisis. The matchless versatility and high reliability of multieffect coupled NGs make them main candidates for integration in complicated arrays of the electronic device. Multieffect coupled NGs can also be employed as a variety of self-powered sensors due to their rapid response, high accuracy, and high responsivity. This article reviews the latest achievements of multieffect coupled NGs. Fundamentals mainly including basic theory and materials of interest are covered. Advanced device design and output characteristics are introduced. Potential applications are described, and future development is discussed.
Insights Studies for Certain Natural FDA Approved Polyphenolics and Repurposing for COVID-19

Natural polyphenolic drugs were approved for treatment of various diseases Diosmin, rutin, quercetin, aesculin, genistein, hesperidin and silybin are known for their safety and have been applied for several human disorders including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, capillary fragility, liver and pancreatic disorders and others As the structures of the selected polyphenolic compounds possess variable chemical moieties with diverse chemical and electronic characters, these properties have been employed for further insights studies to predict new applications concerning the newly occurred pandemic COVID-19 is a terrible disease that attacked millions of human populations at the end of year 2019 As the number of death cases has increased to exceed one million of humans, the early discovery of new treatment from previously approved and safe drugs is the main target of this study Employing the putative docking studies for the selected polypheno-lic drugs were done and the results were promising, all tested drugs exhibited high affinity with the selected five proteins of protease enzyme, the docking score ranged from-8 4461 to-26 1691 kcal/mol with 3-7 variable interaction bonds Among the tested drugs, diosmin appeared as the most promising drug as it exhibited the highest energy score and interaction bonds with the most of proteins
Chiral banana liquid crystals derived from sugars

This paper describes the synthesis and physical properties of a chiral bent-core liquid crystal containing the chiral non-aromatic central ring system 1,5-anhydro-2-desoxy-D-arabino-hexitol. The preparation involved a stepwise construction of the mesogenic side chains via a selective diesterification of glucal at positions three and six with 4-O-acetylbenzoyl chloride followed by selective deacetylation. Repeated esterification of the aromatic hydroxy group with a substituted benzoic acid and hydrogenation of the double bond resulted in the desired product. To our knowledge, this is the first banana shaped liquid crystal synthesized containing a sugar derivative as a chiral core. Investigation of the mesogenic properties and electro-optic experiments showed traditional calamitic phases along with banana phases.
Dynamic Device Characteristics and Linewidth Measurement of InGaN/GaN Laser Diodes

We report on the characterization and analysis of a GaN-based distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) with 3rd-order laterally etched sidewall gratings centered at a wavelength of 420 nm. We also compare the device parameters with two commonly used Fabry-Perot (FP) devices operating at 450 nm and 520 nm. Intrinsic properties of the devices were extracted, including damping factor, carrier and photon lifetimes, modulation efficiency, differential gain, and parasitic capacitance. These parameters showed that the DFB exhibits a lower damping rate and parasitic capacitance while demonstrating a higher modulation efficiency, indicating that the DFB shows good potential for communications applications. Additionally, spectral linewidth of a GaN DFB is reported. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first demonstration of parameter extraction and spectral linewidth measurement for GaN-based DFB-LDs.
Density Dependence and Adult Survival Drive Dynamics in Two High Elevation Amphibian Populations

Amphibian conservation has progressed from the identification of declines to mitigation, but efforts are hampered by the lack of nuanced information about the effects of environmental characteristics and stressors on mechanistic processes of population regulation. Challenges include a paucity of long-term data and scant information about the relative roles of extrinsic (e.g., weather) and intrinsic (e.g., density dependence) factors. We used a Bayesian formulation of an open population capture-recapture model and >30 years of data to examine intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulating two adult boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata) populations. We modelled population growth rate and apparent survival directly, assessed their temporal variability, and derived estimates of recruitment. Populations were relatively stable (geometric mean population growth rate >1) and regulated by negative density dependence (i.e., higher population sizes reduced population growth rate). In the smaller population, density dependence also acted on adult survival. In the larger population, higher population growth was associated with warmer autumns. Survival estimates ranged from 0.30–0.87, per-capita recruitment was <1 in most years, and mean seniority probability was >0.50, suggesting adult survival is more important to population growth than recruitment. Our analysis indicates density dependence is a primary driver of population dynamics for P. maculata adults.
Evaluation of the performance of TiO2-CeO2 bilayer coatings as photoanodes for corrosion protection of copper

Bilayer coatings consisting of a CeO 2 inner layer and a TiO 2 outer layer were made on copper substrates (Cu‖CeO 2 ‖TiO 2 ) and the photoelectrochemical properties of the derived bilayered photoelectrodes for corrosion protection application was investigated and compared with the performance of our previously studied Sb-SnO 2 -TiO 2 bilayered photoelectrodes coating for similar applications. TiO 2 and CeO 2 sols were used for preparing the coatings. Investigations on the charge storage capacity of the two different bilayered coatings revealed that the Sb-SnO 2 -TiO 2 system is capable of storing higher charge at less negative applied potentials, i.e., -600 mV vs SCE, whereas, the CeO 2 -TiO 2 system stores higher charge at more negative applied potentials, i.e., -900 mV vs SCE.