Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mild Decrease in Renal Function in HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Neglected Diagnosis

Background: Renal impairment is increasingly reported among HIV-Infected patients and has been associated to an increased chance of cardiovascular disease and death. Therefore, early identification of this problem could help to reduce morbidity and mortality among these individuals. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors with mild decrease in renal function of HIV-infected patients on highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and undetectable viral load in Brazil. Methods: Individuals between 18-70 years of age with time on HAART ≥ 12 months, viral load < 50 copies/mm3, and CD4 ≥ 200 cells/mm3, were consecutively enrolled at the outpatient clinic of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Exclusion criteria were chronic kidney disease, pregnancy and known hepatic disease. Renal function was assessed by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Mild decrease in renal function was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate between 89-60 mL/min/1.73m2, for a period of at least 3 months. Results: From the total of 213 enrolled volunteers, 193 were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 41.5 years, 102 were men (52.6%), and 156 (80.4%) were euro-descendants. Mild renal decline was diagnosed in 33.5% of the patients. Every other year of life (RR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.06, p<0.001) and being euro-descendant (RR=1.94; 95%CI 1.07-3.78; p=0.049) were associated to mild decreases, whereas high body mass index (BMI) (RR=1.04, 95% CI 1.013-1007, p<0,001) was associated to normal function. Conclusions: Mild decrease in renal function was extremely common and more than expected in our cohort (33.5%) which deserves further attention while assisting HIV-positive individuals.
The Peacenik who Helped Bombing Tactics

The Allies were worried whether the economy of the Soviet Union could survive the war, and in Washington the OSS (Office of Strategic Services) directed a young Russian émigré economist to study the problem: Wassily Leontief’s reports predicted the Soviet economy was stronger than thought, and ultimately he was proved right. Leontief’s big contribution was to invent the input-output methodology, and this was used in economic planning for the US economy. In the war the Americans went further, adapting this technique to map the Axis economy, and identify weak points for targeting their bombing raids in Europe. Ultimately this helped destroy the German economy.
Collaborative energy efficient zone‐based routing protocol for multihop Internet of Things

In Internet of Things (IoT) the nodes collaborate over a network in multihop manner and relay data toward IoT gateway that is ultimately connected to an IP network. The conventional multihop routing protocols assume that all nodes behave truthfully when they receive packets for downstream network but in reality, the IoT relaying nodes avoid message forwarding. The main reason of selfish behavior of nodes is the limited battery power. Many such nodes have limited battery constraint so these nodes may become selfish to save their energy. These nodes need to be encouraged to cooperate in order to increase network life time instead of just trying to increase node's own benefits. This paper discusses energy aware zone‐based routing technique that employs game theory to enhance nodes' cooperation and energy efficiency. The nodes follow a path with highest average energy for communication and provide collective support, hence the network life time is increases. For comparative analysis, simulation is performed for the proposed technique along with the existing techniques. The results show betterment in throughput, packet delivery ratio, and network life time.
Marketplace or Reselling? A Signalling Model

Abstract This paper shows that the platforms’ private information on demand may explain the empirical observation that platforms like Amazon resell high-demand products, while acting as marketplace for low-demand goods. More precisely, the paper examines the strategic interaction between a seller and a better informed platform within a signalling game. We consider that the platform may choose between two distinct business models: act as a reseller or work as a pure marketplace between the buyers and the seller. The marketplace mode, which allows to internalize the spillover between the platform’s sales and the seller’s direct sales is always preferred for a low-value good. The reselling mode, which allows the platform to take advantage of its private information, may be selected in the case of high-value goods provided that (i) the externalities between direct sales and platform sales are not too strong and (ii) the difference between consumers’ willingness to pay for the high and the low-value goods is large enough. Under these conditions, the game displays a Least-Cost Separating Equilibrium in which the platform works as a marketplace for low-demand goods, while it acts as a reseller in the case of high-demand goods.
Physiopathologie, présentation clinique et complications des diabètes de type MODY

Le diabète de type MODY ( maturity-onset diabetes of the young ) est défini par le phénotype suivant : diabète de survenue précoce (classiquement avant l’âge de 25 ans), cliniquement non insulino-dépendant, au moins pendant les premières années suivant le diagnostic et de transmission autosomique dominante, évoquant une affection monogénique [ 1 ] . La caractérisation d’une partie au moins des gènes de MODY a conduit à compléter cette définition par l’existence d’une anomalie primaire de l’insulinosécrétion. La famille des gènes responsables de MODY comprend à ce jour six gènes. Cinq d’entre eux codent des facteurs de transcription : les MODY 1, 3, 4, 5 et 6 répondent respectivement à des mutations des gènes suivants : HNF-4 α ( hepatocyte nuclear factor -4 α ), HNF-1 α , IPF-1 ( insulin promoter factor 1 , également appelé PDX-1 ), HNF-1 β [ 2 ] et NeuroD1 ( neurogenic differenciation factor 1, également appelé BETA2 ) [3]. Le MODY 2 constitue une exception puisqu’il est dû à des mutations du gène de la glucokinase. Les MODY, tous types confondus, représenteraient 2 à 5 p. 100 des diabètes non insulino-dépendants [ 4 ] , avec une très forte prédominance des MODY 2 et 3, les autres formes ne concernant jusqu’ici que quelques familles. Tous les gènes de MODY ne sont pas identifiés : dans environ 20 à 40 p. 100 des cas de diabète dont le phénotype est évocateur de MODY aucune anomalie des gènes connus n’est mise en évidence. Ce cadre nosologique est en réalité très hétérogène en ce qui concerne les anomalies moléculaires en cause, le degré d’altération de l’insulinosécrétion et son caractère évolutif ou non, la sévérité de l’hyperglycémie qui en résulte et donc la
Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disease that occurs during pregnancy in 3 to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. This disease causes significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This article attempts to understand the pathophysiological mechanism of preeclampsia, which appears to result from a complex interaction between maternal and fetal factors and affects multiple organ systems. A central role in pre-eclampsia appears to be abnormal placentation with subsequent excess of anti-angiogenic factors and malabsorption. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of preeclampsia to better understand the disease, more appropriate treatment, and reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Multiple additive models

Abstract The models constituting a multiple model will correspond to d treatments of a base design. When we have individual additive models with independent, with independent components, with the th order cumulants, the multiple model will be additive. Using a classic result on cumulant generation function we show how to obtain least square estimators for cumulants and generalized least squares estimators for vectors in the individual models. Next we carry out ANOVA-like analysis for the action of the factors in the base design. This is possible since the estimators of have, approximately, the same covariance matrix. The eigenvectors of that matrix will give the principal estimable functions for the individual models. The ANOVA-like analysis will consider homolog components on principal estimable functions. To apply our results we assume the factors in the base design to have fixed effects. Moreover if and has covariance matrix our treatment generalizes that previously given for multiple regression designs. In them we have a linear regression for each treatment of a base design. We then study the action of the factors on that design on the vectors An example of application of the proposed methodology is given.
Power Management in Body Area Networks for Health Care Applications

For an increasing number of people living with chronic medical conditions, wearable wireless sensor devices can provide non-intrusive yet continuous physiological monitoring allowing effective clinical management without compromising quality of life. Truly nonintrusive sensor devices will have light weight and small form factor, placing fundamental constraints on the available energy, which necessitates very careful energy management at all layers. This chapter investigates the opportunities and challenges in the use of dynamic radio transmit power control for prolonging the lifetime of such energy constrained body-wearable sensor devices. We first present extensive empirical evidence that the wireless link quality can change rapidly in body area networks, and a fixed transmit power results in either wasted energy (when the link is good) or low reliability (when the link is bad). We quantify the potential gains of dynamic power control in body-worn devices by benchmarking off-line the energy savings achievable for a given level of reliability. We then propose a class of schemes feasible for practical implementation that adapt transmit power in real-time based on feedback information from the receiver. We profile their performance against the off-line benchmark, and provide guidelines on how the parameters can be tuned to achieve the desired trade-off between energy savings and reliability within the chosen operating environment. Finally, we implement and profile our scheme on a MicaZ mote based platform, and also report preliminary results from the ultra-low-power integrated healthcare monitoring platform we are developing at Toumaz Technology. Our work sets the stage for a holistic approach to power management, incorporating innovations across all layers of body area network design.
Main and Moderating Effects of an Online Transition Curriculum on Career Readiness

In this study, students with and without disabilities (n = 816) in general and special education settings in Grades 9 through 12 were participants in a quasi-experimental design to examine the main effects of an online curriculum intervention with transition-related content on career readiness. Setting and teacher characteristics were examined for moderating effects. Results showed a main effect across settings (general and special education, self-contained, resource rooms) as well as differentiating effects based on teacher fidelity and the number of lessons taught. Implications are discussed with regard to the need for further examination of these contextual factors in high schools so all students, with and without disabilities, are provided career readiness opportunities.
A Conceptual Framework for Research on Investment Determinants among Non-Institutional Investors

In modern economic world income plays a very vital role in every one’s daily life. Investment has been one of the major concerns for the Non-institutional investors as their today’s small savings would be meeting with the expenses of tomorrow. The risk and returns proportion from each of these investment options varies from one to another. Investor’s behavior plays an important role in investment decision making, which is influenced by many a factors during the process of investment decision making. Today, investors have many avenues of investment with different features to cater their present and future needs. The focus of this paper (non-institutional investors), unlike institutional investor, suffers from various sort of perception while deploying their funds due to their low investible funds, risk taking capacity, low investment education and their exposure to evaluate the available information. This situation of the non-institutional investors motivates to study as these investors are the finest source of small savings in investment set-up of the country. This paper presents a conceptual framework for research on investment determinants among noninstitutional investors to be carried out further by the researchers.
Studies on the effects of sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on the virulence factors of biofilm bacteria.

Pseudom onas aeruginosa is a notorious nosocomial opportunist. Planktonic forms of this pathogen have been traditionally studied for its pathogenicity. Such studies have shown that sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics are able to negatively modulate pathogenicity. However, more recent findings suggest a biofilm basis of infection. In this study, monospecies and binary biofilms of P seudom onas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 (PAOl) and E scherich ia coli ATCC 10000 were investigated for their pathogenic potential using resistance and virulence as key pathogenic determinants, in the presence of sub-MICs of selected antibiotics (Ampicillin, Nalidixic acid and Streptomycin). MICs of biofilms were observed to be at least 7-fold greater than those of the corresponding planktonic form of the same species (as judged from results obtained from MIC experiments). SDS-PAGE and 2D-PAGE analysis indicate alteration of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) within the envelope of the pathogen in sub-MIC antibiotic treated samples. The observed rearrangement of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; as observed in LPS gel experiments) may also contribute to the pathogens increased tolerance to antibiotics within the biofilm state. While LPS changes may possibly help the biofilm bacteria escape host immune system in v ivo , more direct evidence of increases in virulence of the pathogen comes from investigation of its secreted proteases and cytotoxins (leucocidin). Virulence-specific azocasein and micro-culture tetrazolium (MTT) assays against both monospecies and binary biofilms of Pseudom onas aeruginosa indicate significant increases in virulence potential of proteases and cytotoxins, respectively. These results were further substantiated in phase contrast microscopy images showing advanced stages of oncosis in tissue cultured mouse spleen myeloma (Sp2) cells treated with leucocidin isolated from Ps. aeruginosa treated with sub-MIC of ampicillin (8 pg mL'1). The results reported in this thesis provide evidence of observed increases in vimlence and pathogenicity in biofilm cells of P seudom onas aeruginosa in the presence of sub-MICs of selected antibiotics, in vitro . Although these findings are those of in vitro experiments, they may have significant implications regarding the usage and therapeutic control of antibiotics in clinical situations.
Deep convolution neural network for crack detection on asphalt pavement

Asphalt cracks are one of the major road damage problems in civil field as it may potentially threaten the road and highway safety. Crack detection and classification is a challenging task because complicated pavement conditions due to the presence of shadows, oil stains and water spot will result in poor visual and low contrast between cracks and the surrounding pavement. In this paper, the network proposed a fully automated crack detection and classification using deep convolution neural network (DCNN) architecture. First, the image of pavement cracks manually prepared in RGB format with dimension of 1024x768 pixels, captured using NIKON digital camera. Next, the image will segmented into patches (32x32 pixels) as a training dataset from the original pavement cracks and trained DCNN with two different filter sizes: 3x3 and 5x5. The proposed method has successfully detected the presence of crack in the images with 98%, 99% and 99% of recall, precision and accuracy respectively. The network was also able to automatically classify the pavement cracks into no cracks, transverse, longitudinal and alligator with acceptable classification accuracy for both filter sizes. There was no significant different in classification accuracy between the two different filters. However, smaller filter size need more processing training time compared to the larger filter size. Overall, the proposed method has successfully achieved accuracy of 94.5% in classifying different types of crack.
Dual stochasticity of the cortex as a most efficient and biologically plausible learning algorithm

Neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex behave stochastically even during precise perception and reliable learning of animals. While studies have revealed advantages of these stochastic features, relationship and synergy of them remain elusive. Here, we show that these stochastic features are unified into a framework to provide an efficient and biologically-plausible learning algorithm that consistently explains various experimental findings of the brain, which includes statistics of cortical circuit and the most efficient power-low encoding of cortex. The algorithm can be regarded as an integration of major branches of existing algorithms of neural networks, back propagation learning and Boltzmann machine, while it overcomes known limitations of them. As an experimentally testable prediction, slow retrograde modulation of excitability of neurons is also derived. We anticipate that the algorithm is, due to its simplicity and flexibility, beneficial to develop neuromorphic devices or scalable AI-chips, and bridges the gap between neuroscience and machine learning.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI WISATA DESA SELONG BELANAK, KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Penelitian ini menganalisis strategi pengembangan Desa Selong Belanak, Kabupaten Lombk Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat, sebagai tujuan wisata. Desa ini memiliki potensi sumber daya alam dan budaya yang besar tetapi belum sepenuhnya berkembang sebagai tempat wisata. Studi ini dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi potensi wisata desa dan diikuti dengan menyusun strategi untuk mengembangkan desa sebagai tujuan wisata yang menarik. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi wisata desa Selong Belanak meliputi sumber daya wisata alam, potensi ekonomi sosial dan budaya, aksesibilitas dan fasilitas pendukung, yang belum digunakan dan dikelola dengan baik. Selain itu, beberapa fasilitas dan infrastruktur publik tidak memadai. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perlunya keterlibatan pemerintah dalam membangun lembaga pengelolaan pariwisata, meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, membangun infrastruktur fasilitas wisata yang masih kurang, serta membentuk kerja sama yang erat antara pemangku kepentingan pariwisata termasuk masyarakat .
A Relativistic Approach to Moral Judgment in Individuals: Review and Reinterpretation

In Ethics Position Theory, relativism is the degree to which people believe that universal moral rules should not always be applied unwaveringly. Researchers often predict that highly relativistic individuals are characterized by questionable ethics given their ostensible self&#8208;interested &#8220;anything goes&#8221; approach. Corroborating evidence for such predictions, however, remains elusive. This paper suggested that high relativists are perhaps not unethical, and reviewed four decades of relevant literature in order to clarify the meaning and implications of the relativism construct. The portrait of relativism that emerged is often contrary to prevalent expectations. Relativistic individuals seem tolerant of ambiguity, open to experience, non&#8208;authoritarian, accepting of others with different backgrounds and lifestyles, and troubled by injustice. No persuasive evidence of questionable ethics is available. These findings have profound implications for managerial practice and suggest that highly relativistic employees may be among the most valuable. Future research grounded in an understanding of what relativism is rather than what it should be has the potential to allow a deeper understanding of this important construct to emerge. We also explore possible reasons why an inaccurate narrative about relativistic orientations may have emerged and persisted among both researchers and people generally.
Compromised supply chain planning under dominant systems with inventory policies and cost uncertainty

In practice, companies with dominant power influence partner operations for their benefits. This paper proposes the supply chain (SC) planning models that determine the optimal sale, pricing, production, and inventory plans of each SC member based on the dominant policy. The theoretical contributions of this paper include a development of linear mathematical functions and explicitly considering the inventory turnover as one of the business performance measures in addition to profit and revenue. The fuzzy multi-objective linear programming models (FMOLP) under dominant systems are developed. A case study in plastic fashion accessory industry in Thailand is performed. The performance measures are translated into satisfaction levels and plotted in a radar chart with an area of possibility, which clearly shows the sensitivity degree of uncertainty. Practical contribution is that this paper recommends suitable pricing and inventory plans based on the dominant policy. [Submitted: 15 August 2018; Accepted: 18 March 2019]
Yunanistan’daki Roman haklarının Avrupa Birliği’nin normatif gücü ışığında sorgulanması

Romanlara yonelik irkcilik, ayrimcilik ve gundelik yasamlarinda karsilastiklari temel insan hak ihlalleri, dunyanin ve Avrupa’nin farkli yerlerinde artarak devam etmektedir. Bu calisma 1981 yilinda Avrupa Toplulugu uyesi olmus Yunanistan’in Romanlara yonelik uyguladigi politikalardaki sureklilik ve degisimleri sebep ve sonuclari ile analiz etmektedir. Bu baglamda Roman kimliginin devamliligini saglayan sosyo-ekonomik yasam, egitim, barinma, saglik, orgutlenme ve negatif algilar parametreleri ekseninde Romanlara yonelik uygulamalar sorgulanmakta ve eski-yeni sorunlar ekseninde hak ihlallerinin ne derece son bulduguna cevap aranmaktadir. Calismanin temel amaci, Romanlara yonelik Yunanistan’in izlemis oldugu politikalar ve atmis oldugu somut adimlarda Avrupa Birligi (AB) normlarinin ve Avrupa’nin normatif gucunun etkisini analiz etmektir. Bu baglamda, Ian Manners’in 2002 yilinda ortaya koydugu oldugu “normatif guc kavrami” isiginda, Yunanistan’in 1981 yilindan gunumuze Romanlarin haklarin saglanmasi ve yasam kosullarinin iyilestirilmesi ile ilgili somut adimlarda AB’nin donusturucu etkisi tartisilmaktadir. Bu eksende calismanin temel argumani, Yunanistan’in Romanlarin temel hak ihlallerinin son bulmasina yonelik attigi neredeyse tum uygulamalarin temelinde, Avrupa normlarinin etkisi ve AB tarafindan saglanan maddi yardim ve fonlarla desteklenen normatif gucu bulunmaktadir. Bu calismada da ortaya kondugu uzere, ozellikle 2014-2020 Kalkinma Cercevesi icin Ortaklik Anlasmasi kapsaminda Romanlarin yasam kosullarinin iyilestirilmesine yonelik atilmis bircok somut adim ve hayata gecirilmis duzenlemelere ragmen, Romanlarin temel insan haklardan faydalanmalari yonundeki eksiklikler 2019 itibariyla devam etmektedir. Bu da Yunanistan’daki Romanlarin cogunluk toplum ile entegre olmalarini daha da geciktirmekte, onlari kendi gettolarinda kendi sorunlariyla mucadele etmelerine devam ettirmektedir.