Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIV-infected adolescen ts in southern Africa can achieve good treatment outcomes: results from a retrospective cohort study

Results: One thousand, seven hundred and seventy-six adolescents commenced ART, 94% having had no previous history of ART. The median age at ART initiation was 13.3 years. HIV diagnosis in 97% of adolescents occurred after presentation with clinical disease and a higher proportion had advanced HIV disease at presentation compared with adults [WHO Stage 3/4 disease (79.3 versus 65.2%, P<0.001)]. Despite this, adolescents had no worse mortality than adults, assuming 50% mortality among those LTFU (6.4 versus 7.3 per 100 person-years, P1⁄40.75) with rates of loss to follow-up significantly lower than in adults (4.8 versus 9.2 per 100 person-years, P<0.001). Among those who were followed for 5 years or more, 5.8% of adolescents switched to a second-line regimen as a result of treatment failure, compared with 2.1% of adults (P<0.001).
Novel View Synthesis from Single Images via Point Cloud Transformation

In this paper the argument is made that for true novel view synthesis of objects, where the object can be synthesized from any viewpoint, an explicit 3D shape representation isdesired. Our method estimates point clouds to capture the geometry of the object, which can be freely rotated into the desired view and then projected into a new image. This image, however, is sparse by nature and hence this coarse view is used as the input of an image completion network to obtain the dense target view. The point cloud is obtained using the predicted pixel-wise depth map, estimated from a single RGB input image,combined with the camera intrinsics. By using forward warping and backward warpingbetween the input view and the target view, the network can be trained end-to-end without supervision on depth. The benefit of using point clouds as an explicit 3D shape for novel view synthesis is experimentally validated on the 3D ShapeNet benchmark. Source code and data will be available at this https URL.
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria: a case presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia

ABSTRACT Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare disease characterized by intravascular haemolysis, haemoglobinuria and thrombosis. The present study reported PNH patients presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia. A 31-year-old male patient was referred to haematology outpatient clinic because of thrombocytopenia detection. Initially, there was no anaemia, but apparent haemolytic anaemia occurred in the patient within a year. The PNH was diagnosed by using fluorescently labelled inactive variant of the protein aerolysin test. Anaemia, jaundice, thrombosis, fatigue, dyspnoea, dark urine, abdominal or gastric pain, dysphagia and erectile dysfunction are primary symptoms of PNH, leading to diagnosis. This is an atypical PNH case presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia, which led to difficulty and delay in diagnosis.
Planar Array with Optimized Perimeter Elements

To effectively detect the targets in any direction, the radar antenna should be in the form of a planar array that has a large number of elements. In such a case, partially adaptive planar arrays, where only a few elements are adaptive, are often necessary to reduce the system’s cost and increase the speed of the tracking capability. In this paper, only the perimeter elements of the planar arrays are selected to be adaptive while maintaining the good radiation characteristics as that of the fully adaptive planar arrays with, of course, lower cost and fewer RF components. Unlike a previous method that consists of optimizing only two edge elements in the linear arrays, the proposed planar array with optimized perimeter elements is quite sufficient to provide enough degrees of freedom to control the sidelobe pattern and place the desired nulls efficiently. Simulation results show that the required radiation pattern with asymmetric sidelobes and desired nulls can be obtained by optimizing only the perimeter elements of the planar arrays, while the interior elements are left unchanged.
Exploring the Impact of Single-Sex Education on Beninese Efl Advanced Students’ Academic Achievement: Case Study of Lycee

This research work assesses the impact of single-sex education on EFL advanced students. It compares the performances of 20 A level graduate students from girl grammar school of Lycee des JeunesFillesToffa 1 er with their peers from coeducation schools at the university centre of Adjarra during their first year of English studies. The investigation consists of comparing both categories of students‟ scores in individual work, group work and collective work. A mixed methodology design has been adopted. The instruments include questionnaires, classroom observations and a survey of students‟ productions. The results show that single-sex education leads to socialization challenges which affect group and collective productions. This study suggests that instead of closing the remaining single-sex schools, the school authorities should organise activities with coeducational schools to help their students be more accustomed to an environment different from the gender-segregated one.
INSTITUTIONALISM IN THE NEW ECONOMIC HISTORY 1 . New economic history , cliometrics , and institutional economic histo

Institutionalism is a scientific theory that develops on the borders of economic theory proper and the “neighbouring” social sciences. Institutionalism is the application of these sciences’ methods to the analysis of economic processes (“old” institutionalism) or, vice versa, the application of economic methods to the study of problems of these neighbouring sciences. With history being one of the basic social sciences, one of the institutionalist strands is the institutional theories of economic history.
Thrombocytopenia and Predicting the Severity of Coronavirus 2019

During the past five months of novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak until April 19, 2020, it has infected an estimated 2.2 million individuals. It has been responsible for more than 146 thousand deaths worldwide [1]. "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)" causes COVID-19 may lead to extremely contagious pneumonia [2,3]. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 may vary from asymptomatic infection or moderate illness to severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure [2,4,5]. Furthermore, severe COVID-19 cases is associated with a critical illness, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure (MOF), and is eventually followed by intravascular coagulopathy [6].
LIBERALIZING TRADE IN TOURISM SERVICES UNDER THE CARIFORUM EU ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT: EXAMINING ITS EFFECT ON TOURISM RELATED FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE OECS

Over the last sixty years, tourism in the Caribbean has grown in stature from a fledgling industry to become the leading employer regionally and the principal earner of foreign exchange in many of the region’s tourism dependent countries. This has occurred against the background of declining fortunes in the once dominant agricultural sector and substantial changes in the international trade regime which have primarily affected exports of sugar and bananas from the Caribbean as noted by (Bishop 2010). Statistical data retrieved from the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) Travel and Tourism Economic Impact Report 2018 on the Caribbean for 2017, indicates that the region is the most tourism dependent regional destination globally. In regional rankings regarding relative contribution for 2017 the Caribbean placed first in four out of six categories (See Table 1)
Learning from Counting: Leveraging Temporal Classification for Weakly Supervised Object Localization and Detection

This paper reports a new solution of leveraging temporal classification to support weakly supervised object detection (WSOD). Specifically, we introduce raster scan-order techniques to serialize 2D images into 1D sequence data, and then leverage a combined LSTM (Long, Short-Term Memory) and CTC (Connectionist Temporal Classification) network to achieve object localization based on a total count (of interested objects). We term our proposed network LSTM-CCTC (Count-based CTC). This"learning from counting"strategy differs from existing WSOD methods in that our approach automatically identifies critical points on or near a target object. This strategy significantly reduces the need of generating a large number of candidate proposals for object localization. Experiments show that our method yields state-of-the-art performance based on an evaluation on PASCAL VOC datasets.
Using triallelic SNPs for determining parentage in North American yak ( Bos grunniens) and estimating cattle ( B. taurus) introgression.

Background: Genetic testing for pedigree accuracy is critical for managing genetic diversity in North American (NA) yak ( Bos grunniens), a population expanded mostly from imported zoological park specimens. DNA testing also enhances species conservation by identifying recent B. taurus F1 hybrid ancestors (within three generations). Biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can accomplish either task, but increases the marker count and costs necessary to achieve both. Our aim was to identify novel, multifunctional, triallelic yak SNPs (tySNPs), with each having two alleles for yak parentage testing, and a third allele for identifying recent cattle introgression. Methods: Genome sequences were aligned to the cattle UMD3.1 assembly and SNPs were screened for 1) heterozygosity in a NA and a Chinese yak, 2) a third allele at high frequency in cattle, and 3) flanking sequences conserved in both species. Subsequently, tySNPs were filtered for unique alignment to the haplotype-resolved F1 yak assembly. Allele frequencies were estimated in a subset of 87 tySNPs by genotyping 170 NA yak. Results: We identified 610 autosomal tySNPs, distributed in 441 clusters with 5 Mb average genome spacing. The average NA yak minor allele frequency was high (0.296), while average introgressed cattle alleles were low (0.004). In simulations with tySNPs, 28 were sufficient for globally-unique animal identification (P I=5.81x10 -12), 87 were able to exclude 19 random bulls from parentage at the 99% level without using the dam's genotype (P E=5.3x10 -4), and 87 were able to detect F1 hybridization events after three generations of yak backcrosses (1/16th B. taurus germplasm). Conclusions: Identifying animals, determining parentage and detecting recent hybridization events was efficient with as few as 87 tySNPs. A similar triallelic approach could be used with other bottlenecked Bos species that hybridize with cattle, such as NA plains bison ( B. bison).
Oculopathy within workers of Beninese cement industry of Xwlacodji (BCI) in Cotonou (Benin)

1Institut National Médico-Sanitaire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin. 2 Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées de Cotonou 3 Laboratoire de Toxicologie et Santé Environnementale, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin. 4 Laboratoire de Climatologie, Eau, Ecosystème et Développement, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin. 5 Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin. 6 Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin. 7 Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou MAGA de Cotonou.
Statistics‐based Motion Synthesis for Social Conversations

Plausible conversations among characters are required to generate the ambiance of social settings such as a restaurant, hotel lobby, or cocktail party. In this paper, we propose a motion synthesis technique that can rapidly generate animated motion for characters engaged in two‐party conversations. Our system synthesizes gestures and other body motions for dyadic conversations that synchronize with novel input audio clips. Human conversations feature many different forms of coordination and synchronization. For example, speakers use hand gestures to emphasize important points, and listeners often nod in agreement or acknowledgment. To achieve the desired degree of realism, our method first constructs a motion graph that preserves the statistics of a database of recorded conversations performed by a pair of actors. This graph is then used to search for a motion sequence that respects three forms of audio‐motion coordination in human conversations: coordination to phonemic clause, listener response, and partner's hesitation pause. We assess the quality of the generated animations through a user study that compares them to the originally recorded motion and evaluate the effects of each type of audio‐motion coordination via ablation studies.
BachDuet: A Deep Learning System for Human-Machine Counterpoint Improvisation

During the Baroque period , improvisation was a key element of music performance and education. Great musicians, such as J.S. Bach, were better known as improvisers than composers. Today, however, there is a lack of improvisation culture in classical music performance and education; classical musicians either are not trained to improvise, or cannot ﬁnd other people to improvise with. Motivated by this observation, we develop BachDuet , a system that enables real-time counterpoint improvisation between a human and a machine. This system uses a recurrent neural network to process the human musician’s monophonic performance on a MIDI keyboard and generates the machine’s monophonic performance in real time. We develop a GUI to visualize the generated music content and to facilitate this interaction. We conduct user studies with 13 musically trained users and show the feasibility of two-party duet counter-point improvisation and the eﬀectiveness of BachDuet for this purpose. We also conduct listening tests with 48 participants and show that they cannot tell the diﬀerence be-tween duets generated by human-machine improvisation us-ing BachDuet and those generated by human-human impro-visation. Objective evaluation is also conducted to assess the degree to which these improvisations adhere to common rules of counterpoint, showing promising results.
GRIMM’S CONJECTURE ON CONSECUTIVE INTEGERS (DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF PROFESSOR V. C. DUMIR)

For positive integers n and k, it is possible to choose primes P1, P2, · · · , Pk such that Pi|(n+ i) for 1 ≤ i ≤ k whenever n+1, n+2, · · · , n+k are all composites and n ≤ 1.9× 10. This provides a numerical verification of Grimm’s Conjecture. Let n ≥ 0 and k ≥ 1 be integers. For an integer ν > 1, we denote by ω(ν) and P (ν) the number of distinct prime divisors of ν and the greatest prime factor of ν, respectively, and let ω(1) = 0, P (1) = 1. Let pi denote the i− th prime number. We shall always write p for a prime number. Let N0 = 8.5× 10. We state a Conjecture of Grimm [2]. Suppose n + 1, · · · , n + k are all composite numbers and there are distinct primes Pi such that Pi|(n+ i) for 1 ≤ i ≤ k. Then we say that Grimm’s Conjecture holds for n and k. Further we say that Grimm’s Conjecture holds if there are distinct primes Pi such that Pi|(n+ i) for 1 ≤ i ≤ k whenever n+ 1, · · · , n+ k are all composites. If k ≥ n, it is well-known that the interval [n + 1, n + k] contains a prime. Thus k < n if n + 1, · · · , n + k are all composite numbers. According to Erdős (see [1]), this conjecture implies pi+1 − pi ≤ c1p 1 2 −α i for some α > 0 and an absolute constant c1. The best known result on Grimm’s Conjecture is due to Ramachandra, Shorey and Tijdeman [4]: There exists an absolute constant c2 > 0 such that for n ≥ 3 and g = g(n) = [c2 ( logn log logn )3 ], it is possible to choose distinct primes P1, P2, · · · , Pg such that Pi|(n+i) for 1 ≤ i ≤ g. The constant c2 turns out to be very small. Therefore the above result is valid only for large values of n. In this paper, we confirm Grimm’s Conjecture for n ≤ 1.9×10 and for all k. Theorem 1. Grimm’s Conjecture holds for n ≤ pN0 and for all k. We observe that pN0 = 19236701629 > 1.9× 10. As a consequence of Theorem 1, we have 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 11A41, 11A51, 11N05.
Patch-corde: an expressive patch-cable for the modular synthesizer

Many opportunities and challenges in both the control and performative aspects of today’s modular synthesizers exist. The user interface prevailing in the world of synthesizers and music controllers has always been revolving around knobs, faders, switches, dials, buttons, or capacitive touchpads, to name a few. This paper presents a novel way of interaction with a modular synthesizer by exploring the aﬀordances of cord-base UIs. A special patch cable was developed us-ing commercially available piezo-resistive rubber cords, and was adapted to ﬁt to the 3.5 mm mono audio jack, making it compatible with the Eurorack modular-synth standard. Moreover, a module was developed to condition this stretch-able sensor/cable, to allow multiple Patch-cordes to be used in a given patch simultaneously. This paper also presents a vocabulary of interactions, labeled through various physical actions, turning the patch cable into an expressive controller that complements traditional patching techniques.
Eliminating Boundary Layer Separation on a Cylinder with Nonuniform Suction

Boundary layer separation negatively influences the performance of aerospace vehicles, for example, by triggering static stall or reducing combustion engine efficiency. Developing effective flow control to delay or eliminate separation is therefore of real use to the field. In this paper, numerical studies were carried out to optimise distributed suction profiles for preventing boundary layer separation on a circular cylinder in the fully laminar regime (Re < 188), with the least control effort. Relationships were found between the Reynolds number, the separation angle of the uncontrolled case, and the uniform suction needed to eliminate separation. It was found that for Re > 20, the uniform suction required to eliminate separation followed a quadratic profile, as a function of Re. Maximum uniform suction effort was needed at Re = 20, requiring a suction coefficient of CQ = 49:14 (as a percentage of the free-stream velocity) to eliminate separation. To resolve the best nonuniform suction profile at Re = 180, a variety of optimisation studies were performed using the coordinate search method. It was determined that the use of six control segments on each half of the cylinder provided the best control and efficient convergence to the optimal solution. 6segment nonuniform suction eliminated separation at Re = 180 with net suction effort of CQ = 13:26 compared to CQ = 31:25 for the uniform case. These optimal suction profiles were compared using time-dependent simulations to confirm that both methods eliminate separation when introduced to an already unsteady case. Nonuniform suction eliminated separation faster, though uniform suction was more stable.
A ug 2 02 0 Disalignment rate coefficient of argon 2 p 8 due to nitrogen collision

Tunable diode laser induced fluorescence (TDLIF) measurements are discussed and quantitatively evaluated for nitrogen admixtures in argon plasma under the influence of a strong magnetic field. TDLIF measurements were used to evaluate lighttransport properties in a strongly magnetized optically thick argon/nitrogen plasma under different pressure conditions. Therefore, a coupled system of rate balance equations was constructed to describe laser pumping of individual magnetic sub-levels of 2p8 state through frequency-separated sub-transitions originating from 1s4 magnetic sub-levels. The density distribution (alignment) of 2p8 multiplet was described by balancing laser pumping with losses including radiative decay, transfer of excitation between the neighboring sub-levels in the 2p8 multiplet driven by neutral collisions (argon and nitrogen) and quenching due to electron and neutral collisions. Resulting 2p8 magnetic sub-level densities were then used to model polarization dependent fluorescence, considering self-absorption, which could be directly compared with polarization-resolved TDLIF measurements. This enables to estimate the disalignment rate constant for the 2p8 state due to collisions by molecular nitrogen. A comparison to molecular theory description is given providing satisfactory agreement. The presented measurement method and model can help to describe optical emission of argon and argon-nitrogen admixtures in magnetized conditions and provides a basis for further description of optical emission spectra in magnetized plasmas.
Factors behind the prevalence of smoking: A case study of Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur, Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Objectives: The objectives of research were to analyze the smoking behavior among the medical students and to examine the factors behind the prevalence of smoking among the students of Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College while recommendations are made on study findings. Materials and Methods: Quantitative research design is used while nature of research is descriptive cross-sectional. Sample size of the study was 500 Medical Students (First year MBBS to final year MBBS). Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to extract the sample. The data was collected through self-structured mixed questionnaire and analyzed by employing SPSS. Results: They faced difficulty in refraining the smoking stuff which might be the educational and socio-cultural pressures which they are expected to contain in the society. The knowledge and legislation were supported by the students as legislation should be carried out to ensure the smoke free environment in College. Conclusion: Students of Medical College Mirpur have been found addict to the smoking. However, they have been found conscious towards their smoking status while experiencing different brands.
: Learning Similarity Metrics for Numerical Simulations

This supplemental document contains an analysis of the proposed metric design with respect to properties of metrics in general (App. A) and details to the used network archi­ tectures (App. B). Afterwards, material that deals with the data sets is provided. It contains examples and failure cases for each of the data domains and analyzes the impact of the data difficulty (App. C and D). Next, the evaluation on real-world data is described in more detail (App. E). Finally, we explore additional metric evaluations (App. F) and give an overview on the used notation (App. G).
Multimodal Image Translation with Stochastic Style Representations and Mutual Information Loss

Unpaired multimodal image-to-image translation is a task of converting a given image in a source domain into diverse images in a target domain. We propose two approaches to produce high-quality and diverse images. First, we propose to encode a source image conditioned on a given target style feature. It allows our model to generate higher-quality images than existing models, which are not based on this method. Second, we propose an information-theoretic loss function that effectively captures styles in an image. It allows our model to learn complex high-level styles rather than simple low-level styles, and generate perceptually diverse images. We show our proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance through extensive experiments on various real-world datasets.