Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurements of the Mass Transfer Resistance across a Methane Hydrate Film as a Function of Time and Subcooling

High pressure differential scanning calorimetry was utilized to study the mass transfer rates across methane hydrate films grown at hydrocarbon−water interfaces in a quiescent system, as a function of subcooling and the age of the film. Gas hydrate films formed at such interfaces provide a substantial barrier to further gas hydrate formation. The initially high mass transfer rates across the gas hydrate films formed at gas−water interfaces confirmed that the films were porous in nature containing varying degrees of porosity, with the films requiring up to >24 h to anneal. Conversely, films formed at water−liquid hydrocarbon interfaces exhibited much lower mass transfer rates. The mass transfer rate is also dependent on the formation conditions of the film and is at a maximum at around 22 K of subcooling. This maximum appears to be independent of gas hydrate structure and pressure.
The Role of Line Managers and Practice of Strategic Human Resource Management: A Study Based on Sri Lankan Listed Companies

Every manager in an organization is responsible for achieving the goals and objectives of the organization. Similarly, managing human resource function is also a responsibility of every manager in an organization. Organizations exist for a variety of purposes. Some produce goods for local or overseas consumption while others provide necessary services for profit or community benefit. In pursuit of their objectives, all organizations rely on the availability and effectiveness of several kinds of resources, which can be divided into finance, technology, and people. Some organizations emphasize their financial resources others rely on the quality of their employees, their human resources. Regardless of the particular resource emphasis in industry, human resource is usually the key ingredient for organizational success. The purpose of this research is to study the devolvement of line managers in Human Resource Management (HRM) activities in the Sri Lankan context. To achieve the objectives of this research the researcher adopted the quantitative approach. The research strategy of the study was the survey method. For the empirical study, all the elements of the population were considered. The research findings of the study fill the empirical knowledge gap in the Sri Lankan context concerning the practice of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). The findings of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the line manager's involvement in HRM activities and the practice of SHRM. This can be a guide for Sri Lankan organizations to increase the effectiveness of the Practice of SHRM to achieve organizational
Image Classification by Deep Neural Network of Event-Type Anomalies in The Southwestern Baltic Sea

In the paper we propose a binary classification method to identify episodes of anomalies in physicochemical parameters related to mixing and exchange of water masses. For training and validation of classifier we use high resolution time series from the Boknis Eck monitoring station in the southwestern Baltic Sea. To study the role of air ocean coupling, in addition to ocean parameters, we use high resolution wind speed observations from the Kiel lighthouse weather station. The detection accuracy of anomalies relies upon training of deep neural network on image data generated from historical data interval of ocean parameters. Our data driven analysis suggests strong causality between variations in atmospheric wind and ocean physiochemistry that underlies short term ocean exchange processes in the study area.
An Efficient Learning Algorithm for Direct Training Deep Spiking Neural Networks

It is challenging to train deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) directly due to the difficulties associated with the nondifferentiable neuron model. In this work, an end-to-end learning algorithm based on discrete current-based leaky integrate-and-fire (C-LIF) neuron model and surrogate gradient is proposed to leverage the encoder–decoder network architecture to train deep SNNs directly. The proposed algorithm is capable of learning deep spatiotemporal features relying on current time step only, and several acceleration techniques including backward phase skipping and layerwise FreezeOut are proposed to accelerate the training. Experimental results show that the proposed learning algorithm achieved the classification accuracies of 98.40% and 95.83% on the dynamic neuromorphic data sets MNIST-DVS and DVS-Gestures, respectively, and of 99.58% and 95.97% on static vision data sets MNIST and SVHN, respectively, which are comparable to the existing state-of-the-art results. The training speed was accelerated by up to 49.5% on MNIST and 36.6% on DVS-Gestures with the proposed acceleration techniques while maintaining the same level of accuracy.
Kinetics and Reaction Pathways for Formaldehyde-containing Wastewater Wet Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide

The wet oxidation of simulant formaldehyde-containing wastewater was studied by using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant instead of air at high temperature and high pressure in a continuous reactor. The experimental results show that the quantity of oxidant with 110% to theoretical oxygen demand of wastewater is comparatively effective and economical. The reaction temperature between 160℃ and 180℃ and the initial formaldehyde concentration changed within the range of 480mgL-1 and 1500mgL-1 are feasible for obtaining higher removal rate of formaldehyde by the wet oxidation reaction. An empirical model was set up and the activation energies based on formaldehyde and COD are 38.67kJmol-1 and 53.02kJmol-1, respectively. The analysis of reaction products by UV spectrum supposes that the oxidation of the intermediate product, namely, formic acid, is the bottleneck of wet oxidation reaction.
Effects of Salt Concentration and Temperature on the Screening of Salt-Tolerance in Rice

Salinity tolerance rating (STR), relative dry weight of shoot(RDWS), relative plant height (RPH) and Na+/K+ in root of 20 rice cultivars were examined at 3- to 4-leaf stage aquacultured with different NaCl concentrations for 10 days. Results indicated that large variability of STR and Na+/K+ in root among 20 cultivars occurred under 0.5% NaCl stress, while that of RDWS and RPH appeared under 0.8% NaCl stress. It suggested that these two NaCl concentrations were appropriate for differentiating the salt tolerance of rice seedlings. Based on the results of the four indexes, Jiucaiqing, Norin 72, 80-85, Dongtingwanxian and Dingxuedao were classified into strong salt-tolerant cultivars, and Pokkali, IR26, Xiaobaimangdao, Mengwanggu and Minghui 63 were medium salt-tolerant. Furthermore, eight cultivars were selected to identify the salt tolerance of rice at 3- to 4-leaf stage under three different temperatures. It was found that the Na+/K+ in root and STR were a little different among evaluated cultivars at the low temperature (23±3℃/15±1℃, day/night), but they were aggravated with the death of some cultivars at the high temperature(36±1℃/26±2℃, day/night). Only in the relatively mild temperature(30±2℃/24±2℃, day/night), there was the most significant difference in the Na+/K+ in root and STR among evaluated cultivars, so it was considered that the relatively mild temperature was proper temperature to screen salt tolerance of rice cultivars.
On the Road to Recovery: Do I/D Polymorphisms in the ACE Gene have a Part to Play?

The serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) level in individuals with a DD genotype is two-fold higher than those with an II genotype. The DD genotype is correlated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, lower adaptability to hypoxic conditions, as well as lower cardio-respiratory capacity. The aim of the study was to examine the role of I/D polymorphisms in the ACE gene in surgical patients vs. healthy, active individuals. Two groups were investigated in the study: 91 surgical patients and 39 physically active controls. The level of adaptation to physical stress, compensating processes, and sense of well-being of participants were determined with subjective and objective inferential methods. Additionally, the repre-sented ACE gene polymorphism was evaluated using molecular analyses. The role of the DD vs. II genotype is unclear in healthy, active individuals. Whilst in patients who reg-ularly participated in sport accrued shorter hospital stay time (P = 0.04). The type of surgery performed significantly affects patients’ time to convalescence (P = 0.03). Patients’ time in hospital after oncological surgeries is longer, regardless of whether chemotherapy was received or not. Based on the collected data, it was not possible to indicate a common genotype predisposing resistance to physical stress in both examined groups, with no statistically significant correlation between the ID polymorphism of ACE gene in either group. However, the noted tendencies may suggest a role of allele I and II genotypes in patient convalescence and as such, necessitates further investigation.
Research on the influence mechanism of China’s industrial circulation on long-term interest rate: Empirical analysis based on VEC model

As the adjustment space of China’s monetary policy is gradually expanding and the adjustment intensity is gradually increasing, the influence of external factors on money supply and demand is gradually weakening. The endogenous mechanism of interest rate in the real economy needs to be further explored. Through the long-term interest rate model, the paper reveals the relationship between the circulation status of real economy and long-term interest rate. Based on the monthly data of China from 2003 to 2019, the paper establishes the error-correction VEC model and the state-space model to conduct empirical test and analysis on the influence mechanism of long-term interest rate. The final results show that exogenous factors such as monetary policy have certain influence on interest rate in the short run, while in the long run, interest rate is affected by the average circulation of goods described by the inventory increment of manufacturers and the actual production input of enterprises.
Learning biases in person-number linearization

The idea that universal representations of hierarchical structure constrain patterns of linear order is a central to many linguistic theories. In this paper we use Artificial Language Learning techniques to experimentally probe this claim. Specifically, we investigate how a hypothesized hierarchy of φ-features impacts the linearization of person and number affixes by (English-speaking) learners in the lab.
The possibility of benomyl and diazinon pesticide’s carcinogenicity and the potential of hotair and H19 as a serum biomarker in breast cancer

Evidence had grown ever stronger that pesticides can cause epigenetic modifications such as changing the expression of noncoding RNAs which have positive associations with incidence of cancer. Upregulation of two oncogenic long non coding RNAs, HOX antisense intergenic RNA and H19, enhances breast cancer. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effect of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (proven to cause breast cancer) with two commonly used pesticides named benomyl and diazinon (suspected of developing breast cancer) on the expression level of HOX antisense intergenic RNA and H19. Mice were intragastrically exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenzathracene, diazinon and benomyl for 60 days. The expression level of H19 and HOX antisense intergenic RNA were measured by Real-Time PCR. The findings revealed that the expression of long non coding RNAs in pesticides and 7,12-dimethylbenzathracene treated mice were significantly higher than untreated control. This study, for the first time, has demonstrated that diazinon and benomyl pesticides could cause upregulation of both oncogenic H19 and HOX antisense intergenic RNA. Since 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced breast tumors, similar results of all three experimental groups could be a testimony to the carcinogenicity of these pesticides and provides support for the importance of these noncoding RNAs as a target for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
From a Europe of Bits and Pieces to a Union of Variegated Differentiation

Thirty years after the Europe of bits and pieces of the Maastricht Treaty, the EU legal system has evolved beyond fragmentation to accommodate institutionally structured forms of differentiation. This paper explores several types of new differentiation regimes and argues that they can coexist together without necessarily challenging the unity of the EU legal system. It analyses how the legal system has progressively been adapting to new integration pathways by internalising differentiation and reabsorbing the fragmentation of the Maastricht’s construction. Through the analysis of the Court’s jurisprudence and two case-studies in the areas of economic governance and defence it shows how different strands of differentiation can be blended together in ‘coherent’ differentiated regimes. The paper also considers future differentiation pathways after Brexit and emerging concerns as regards legitimacy and democratic accountability of a differentiated Union.
Foreign Direct Investment and Business Creation in China

This paper studies the impact of foreign direct investment on local business creation by using a panel data set containing 31 provinces of China over 1992-2017. The study finds that the effect is positive and significant. The results are robust to alternative sets of control variables and different estimation strategies and different sample periods. On average about 16 percent of China’s local business creation growth can be attributed to FDI inflow over the entire sample period. The knowledge diffusion and technology transfer effect more than offset the crowding-out effect of FDI on local business creation in general during China’s economic transition.
Selection and implementation of SNP markers for parentage analysis in a Chinese crossbred cattle population

Background: In China, the widespread crossbreeding between Simmental and Holstein is a universal way so as to better improve the comprehensive benefits, as well as decline the inbreeding coefficient. However, the wrong parentage appeared frequently in this population than others due to not only the reasons in pure breeds, but more importantly, the lack of enough attention, which caused the lower accuracy of genetic parameter estimation and genetic evaluation in breeding systems. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel in a certain population as a powerful tool for parentage assignment has been reported in numerous studies, especially in cattle. Therefore, the aim of this study was to build an SNP panel with sufficient power for parentage testing in the crossbred population of Simmental and Holstein in China. Results: In the present study, combining direct sequencing method in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) pooling and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) genotyping method in individuals, a panel comprising 50 highly informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for parentage analysis was developed in a crossbred Chinese cattle population. The average minor allele frequency (MAF) was 0.43 and the cumulative exclusion probability for single-parent and both-parent inference met 0.99797 and 0.999999, respectively. The maker-set was then used for parentage verification in a group of 81 trios with the likelihood-based parentage-assignment program of Cervus software. Compared with on-farm records, the results showed that this 50-SNP system could provide sufficient and reliable information for parentage testing with the parental mistakes for mother-offspring and sire-offspring being 8.6% and 18.5%, respectively.Conclusion: Knowledge of these results, we provided one set of low-cost and efficient SNPs for running paternity testing in the crossbred cattle population of Simmental and Holstein in China. Keywords: Parentage analysis, Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Chinese crossbred cattle
Incentive contract design for supplier switching with considering learning effect

For minimizing purchase cost, a buying firm would switch to suppliers with providing more favorable prices. This paper investigates the optimal switching decision of a buyer that may switch to an entrant supplier with production learning ability (which is regarded as a private information) under a principal-agent framework. The results obtained show that the switching cost and the learning effect have significant impacts on the buyer's switching decision. Only when the fixed component of the switching cost is relatively low, the buyer can be better off from a partial switching strategy; otherwise, the buyer should take an all-or-nothing switching strategy or no switching strategy. As the learning ability of the entrant supplier increases, the buyer prefers to make more switching. Finally, a benefit-sharing contract is proposed to evaluate the performance of the principal-agent contract, and we demonstrate that the principal-agent contract almost completely dominates the benefit-sharing contract.
Growth kinetic model, antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects at different temperatures of potential probiotic Lactobacillus spp

The effect of fermentation temperature (32, 37 and 42 °C) on the growth and in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. pentosus and L. acidipiscis isolated from Chiapas cheese previously characterized as potential probiotics, were evaluated in the present research. The Unified-Gompertz method was used to model the bacterial growth of the strains (R>0.987). Similar biomass production was obtained at the end of 32 °C and 37°C. The maximum absolute growth rate was 0.526 h-1 for L. acidipiscis at 37°C. The antioxidant activity resulted maximum in DPPH at 32°C and 14 h in L. pentosus (7402.62 ± 318.52 μM Trolox/mL) and in ABTS at 32 °C and 24 h in L. acidipiscis (1612.94 ± 56.71 μM Trolox/mL). The inhibition of α-amylase (%) and α-glucosidase (%) resulted maximum at 37 °C and 24 h for L. acidipiscis (97.084 ± 0.752 and 99.756 ± 0.104, respectively). These results concluded that the three strains could be considered mesophilic and with antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, L. acidipiscis gave the best results in all the experiments done. So, more research should be done with this strain to better stablish its potential health benefits
School-family Interaction in Forming Adolescents’ National Identity: the Ukrainian Pedagogical Experience

The paper highlights the issue of school-family interaction in forming adolescents’ national identity in the settings of the Ukrainian school on the basis of synthesizing the findings of humanistic psychology and pedagogy, Socratic pedagogy, ethics of care and culturally relevant pedagogy. The theoretical foundations of the concept “national identity” are considered. National identity is viewed as one of the components of individual social identity which refers to the life activity of individuals in a particular culture of a state and reflects the deep spiritual ties within society. Regarding national identity as a social construction in the system of individual identity, it is stated that its understanding and significance can change under the influence of various circumstances, and change quite quickly due to psychological as well as sociocultural contexts. According to the authors of the paper, the essence of the national identity of an adolescent is manifested in the subjective experience of belonging to the Ukrainian people, Ukrainian nation, conscious acceptance of moral values, and characterized by the identification and formation of the corresponding national self-concept on the basis of national dignity, responsibility for the destiny of the native land, love for Ukraine, and the desire and readiness to protect Ukraine. The Ukrainian pedagogical experience of school-family interaction in forming adolescents' national identity through the methods of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics and counseling, interactive methods and methods of encouraging reflexivity is outlined.
Design,Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Isofavone Derivatives

In order to improve the bioavailability and anticancer activity of daidzein,we designed and synthesized the new daidzein derivatives(3-7) according to principles of pro-drugs.Their structures were characterized by IR,MS,elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectral data,and the structure of 3 was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction method.The preliminary bioassay also showed that some title compounds exhibited certain anticancer activities in vitro.
Predição do Movimento de Membros Inferiores por Ciclogramas e Diagramas de Fase, Associados a Redes Neurais Artificiais

Gait analysis is frequently used in modern studies of biomechanics. Lower member prediction can be used for prosthesis and orthosis programming, as well as rehabilitation. This work aims at predicting gait by use of cyclic diagrams, more specifically cyclograms (angleangle diagrams) and phase diagrams (muscle-muscle diagrams). The use of cyclic diagrams combined with artificial neural networks can offer several application areas in medicine, but until now, this approach has not been studied or applied. In the present work, a neural network was used to predict the angular position and muscular activity during gait, having cyclograms and phase diagrams as inputs. Results show that the model is efficient for cyclogram prediction and for phase diagrams, when short segments are considered.
Amber- and plant-bearing deposits from the Cenomanian of Neau (Mayenne, France)

A new Cenomanian amber- and plant-bearing deposit has been discovered at Neau, in the Mayenne department (France). The Cenomanian fossiliferous lignites are located in karst filling in a substratum of Cambrian limestones. The amber corresponds mainly to tiny millimetric grains, devoid of arthropod inclusions, but rich in microorganisms, especially the sheated bacteria Leptotrichites resinatus, and containing pollen grains (Classopollis) and wood fibers (Araucariacae or Cheirolepidiaceae). The lignites provide abundant conifer and ginkgoale cuticle fragments (Frenelopsis, Eretmophyllum) and a lot of palynomorphs (e.g. Gleicheniidites senonicus, Cyathidites, Deltoidospora, Appendicisporites and Cicatricosisporites). The chemical signature of the amber suggests it was produced by conifers of the extinct family Cheirolepidiaceae. According to the palynological assemblage, the age of the lignites is upper lower Cenomanian or lower mid Cenomanian. The deposit environment corresponded to the upstream portion of a mangrove or the most inner part of a lagoon.
Negotiating Equity: Examining Priorities, Ownership, and Politics Shaping Ethiopia’s Large-Scale Education Reforms for Equitable Learning

In 2018, the Government of Ethiopia committed to large-scale, donor-supported reforms aimed at improving equitable learning in the basic education system—the General Education Quality Improvement Program for Equity (GEQIP-E). In this paper, we examine the reform design process in the context of Ethiopia’s political environment as a strong developmental state, assessing the influence of different stakeholder priorities which have led to the focus on equity within the quality reforms. Drawing on qualitative data from 81 key informant interviews with federal and regional government officials and donors, we explore the negotiation and power dynamics which have shaped the design of the reforms. We find that a legacy of moderately successful reforms, and a shared commitment to global goals, paved the way for negotiations of more complex and ambitious reforms between government actors and donors. Within government, we identify that regional governments were only tokenistically included in the reform process. Given that regions are responsible for the implementation of these reforms, their limited involvement in the design could have implications for success.