Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AConFPGA: A Multiple-Output Boolean Function Approximation DSE Technique Targeting FPGAs

New relaxed quality standards laid down by approximate computing enrich the design pool with architectures dissipating less power, consuming fewer resources or with smaller latencies. In LUT-based FPGA logic approximation, the number of LUTs and latency associated to a design can be optimized by allowing the approximation of circuit results. In this paper, we present techniques for automatic design space exploration (DSE) of Boolean function falsifications and the ability and impact to reduce resources usage as well as the length of critical paths on LUT-based FPGAs. Our experiments give evidence that resource reductions of about 20% are easily achievable for error rates amounting to less than 0.05% w.r. t. accurate designs.
A MIP Model for Risk Constrained Switch Placement in Distribution Networks

The great share of interruptions in distribution networks motivates distribution decision makers to establish various reliability enhancement strategies. Amongst these strategies, deploying remote controlled switch (RCS) can make a crucial contribution to the reduction of interruption costs. Nevertheless, the stochastic nature of contingencies affects RCS worth and imposes substantial financial risk to RCS deployment projects. This paper proposes a mathematical model to consider the risk in the optimal RCS deployment problem. The model determines the number and location of RCSs such that the expected profit is maximized while financial risk is minimized. The risk is modeled through conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) as one of the most applied risk indices. The risk preference of distribution companies is considered via integrating the weighted risk index and the expected profit in the objective function. The model is formulated in the format of mixed integer programming (MIP) which enables solving the problem in an effective runtime. The model is applied to the RBTS-Bus4 and a real distribution network. Various studies and sensitivity analyses reveal the importance of considering financial risk in the problem and the performance of the proposed model.
Resonances and Embedded Eigenstates in Shifted Double Arrays of Strips

In this presentation we show our results on studies of reflection and transmission properties of double layers of conducting strips of different symmetries, focusing of the glide-symmetric arrays. We find and discuss unique phenomena of merging full reflection and full transmission resonances and creation of bound states in the continuum in glide-symmetric arrays of negligible thickness.
A Clever Approach to Develop an Efficient Deep Neural Network Based IDS for Cloud Environments Using a Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithm

Nowadays, Cloud Computing is one of the fastest growing and most used computing paradigms in the IT field. It is a computational platform that integrates massive computing, storage and network resources into a unified pool of resources, and offers them online over Internet to customers in an on-demand and pay-per-use fashion with least involvement of the cloud service provider. This new archetype characterized by big data and distributed technology uses such technology as multi-tenancy and virtualization, which brings along vulnerabilities, sharing risks and lead to different matters related to security and privacy in cloud computing (CC). Therefore, it is essential to create an efficient intrusion detection system to detect intruders and suspicious activities in and around the CC environment by monitoring network traffic, while maintaining performance and service quality. In this work, we propose a clever approach using a self-adaptive genetic algorithm (SAGA) to build automatically a Deep Neural Network (DNN) based Anomaly Network Intrusion Detection System (ANIDS). SAGA is a variant of standard Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is developed based on GA improved through an Adaptive Mutation Algorithm (AMA). Our method consists of using SAGA with the purpose of looking for the optimal or near optimal combination of most relevant values of the parameters included in building of DNN based IDS or impacting its performance, like feature selection, data normalization, architecture of DNN, activation function, learning rate and Momentum term, which ensure high detection rate, high accuracy and low false alarm rate. CloudSim 4.0 simulator platform and Kyoto 2006+ dataset version 2015 were employed for simulation and validation of the proposed system. The experimental results obtained demonstrate that in comparison to several traditional and recent approaches, our proposed IDS achieves higher detection rate and lower false positive rate.
A Survey of UAV Visual Navigation Based on Monocular SLAM

The traditional GPS/INS integrated navigation system has many limitations. The advantages of visual navigation with large information and precision, small coordinated interference and strong real-time performance are quickly called research hotspot. This paper introduces the basic steps and some key technologies of visual SLAM, and analyzes the difficulties in real-time and robustness of UAVs. Finally, it proposes some research directions of visual SLAM, including integrated navigation, improvement based on deep learning, semantic map and mitigation feature dependence.
Design and Development of a Novel SMA Actuated Multi-DOF Soft Robot

Conventional robots have shown good positioning accuracy and reliability in multiple environments. However, the robots’ lack of flexibility makes them unsuitable for application in certain areas. Thus, a soft robotic system should be considered due to its adaptivity and flexibility. This paper proposes a novel shape memory alloy (SMA)-actuated multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) soft robot, which theoretically supports a maximum of nine-DOF movement and good positioning accuracy. A motion test and positioning evaluation are conducted for the proposed multi-DOF soft robot. The structural design, control method, and analysis of the kinematics and the coordinate system are also given.
LTE Antenna Design for Tablet Computers Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

This paper highlights the advantages of using a characteristic mode analysis based approach to design a wideband tablet computer antenna that operates in the LTE low band. Insight into the modal behavior is used to optimize the antenna geometry and positioning to excite modes on the tablet ground plane. Each design decision is motivated by the impact on the modes, which is explained for each step in the design process. Compared to the initial design, significant improvements are achieved in the final antenna performance following this approach.
Development of a Dual-band Printed Antenna Based on a Nanocomposite Material made of Polyaniline charged by Iron-Nickel Nanopowder

One of the major challenges of printed electronics is to develop materials for flexible devices. Among these latter, antennas occupy a place of choice because of the new applications which are emerging. In this paper a flexible antenna based on a new nanocomposite, Polyaniline (PANI) charged by nanopowder of Iron-Nickel (Fe-Ni), operating in dual-band ([2.4–2.48] and [5.15-5.825] GHz) is proposed. This antenna, triangular/circular shaped with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeder to achieve wideband performance is printed on a 130μm thick Kapton® substrate. The nanocomposite fabricated (PANI/Fe-Ni), whose morphology was studied via scanning electron microscopy, has a conductivity of 9600 S/m. The performance of the antenna is analyzed through simulations and measurements which demonstrate a good agreement between each other. A maximum gain of 2.8 dBi for a 90μm thick nanocomposite is obtained.
Robust partial-parsing through incremental, multi-algorithm processing

A waffle baker where rectangular base and cover case components support circular waffle grids within opposing smooth heated faces defining thereby a heated spill over area annularly adjacent the grids for collecting and solidifying spillage for easy cleaning; where bolts are extended completely through the case component and threaded into taps on the underside of the grid to leave exposed actuating tool heads for easy removal of the bolts and grids without otherwise disassembling the baker; and where a sheath type electric resistance heating element bent to shape is held removably within a fixture and in good heat transfer relationship against the grid underside and a thermostat is spring biased against the grid underside to allow grid removal and replacement without recalibration of the baker.
Multi-Feature-Based Bilinear CNN for Single Image Dehazing

Image dehazing has been a great challenge in the process of adjusting haze images. In this paper, an effective and accurate dehazing method based on atmospheric scattering model is proposed. Since the dark channel is not applicable to sky areas, single-threshold segmentation combined with quad-tree partition technique is adopted to position and estimate the ambient light $A$ * rapidly and accurately. In order to optimize transmittance, we employ a new convolutional network architecture, multi-feature-based bilinear CNN, which can mitigate the halo effect around the abrupt edges and restrain image noise, and the whole transmittance estimation process can be divided into three main parts: feature extraction, nonlinear mapping, and image reconstruction. A large number of outdoor haze image test results show that our optimized method has better experimental results than the existing methods.
A Wideband Circularly Polarized Grounded Coplanar Waveguide Fed Rectangular Frustum Dielectric Resonator Antenna

In this paper, a wideband circularly polarized grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) fed rectangular frustum shaped dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is presented for millimeter wave applications. In the proposed DRA, right circular polarization is excited by grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) inductive slot feeding, which is tilted 45°angles with respect to the side of dielectric resonator. The optimized simulated result shows that 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 13.15% (24.13 - 27.55Hz, 3.42GHz) and impedance bandwidth of 26.7% (22.07 - 29.01GHz, 6.94GHz) can be obtained, respectively.
Comparison of Magnetic Couplers for IPT-Based EV Charging Using Multi-Objective Optimization

Inductive power transfer (IPT) is becoming increasingly popular in stationary electric vehicle (EV) charging systems. In this paper, the influence of the different IPT coupler geometries on the performance factors such as efficiency, power density, misalignment tolerance, and stray field is studied. Four different coupler topologies, namely the circular, rectangular, double-D (DD-DD), and the double-D transmitter with double-D-quadrature receiver (DD-DDQ) are considered in this study. The electromagnetic behavior of the couplers is modeled using three-dimensional finite-element method, which is validated by experiments on a laboratory prototype. A multi-objective optimization (MOO) framework is developed to analyze the Pareto tradeoffs between conflicting performance metrics for the couplers. Optimization results depict that the circular topology performs best among the selected topologies regarding higher coupling coefficient, and efficiency for similar active mass and coupler area. Circular and rectangular couplers perform better than the polarized couplers like DD-DD and DD-DDQ regarding stray field exposure in both vertical and lateral direction of the coupler position in the EV. However, polarized couplers show more tolerance toward misalignment compared to circular and rectangular couplers. Thus, this study provides information regarding the specific strengths and weaknesses of different coupler topologies, which can be used during the initial design phase.
Enabling STT-MRAM in High Volume Manufacturing for LLC Applications

There is a growing interest in using Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (STT-MRAM) technology for SRAM replacement, particularly for Last Level Cache (LLC) applications. Besides LLC requirements of high performance of the MRAM cell, and array patterning, MRAM remains challenging for high volume manufacturing (HVM) because of the process complexity: deposition and growth of up to 50 layers with sub-Ångstrom precision required to optimize device performance. In this paper, we demonstrate systematic process monitoring and optimization of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack, pattering unit-processes, and fabrication hardware and capabilities to address these challenges. We present our novel solution for precision process control required for HVM: On-board Metrology (OBM™), which is integrated into the Applied Materials Fndura® PVD System used for MTJ stack deposition. OBM technology, for the first time, truly enables volume production of STT-MRAM by providing commercial in-vacuum monitoring of MTJ film properties on product wafers in real-time. OBM is a novel optical technique, which demonstrates <0. 2Å sensitivity and repeatability on the key MRAM layers without impacting process throughput. OBM helps to accelerate learning in R&D and provide precise process control in HVM. We also present a study of perpendicular MTJ (pMTJs) with resistance-area product (RA) of less than 3 Ohm-$\mu\mathrm{m}^{2}$, having world-class tunneling magnetoresistance $(\mathbf{TMR}) \ \ > 150{\%}$ with stable RA, TMR, and magnetic properties post 400°C anneal. We present our most recent device data with patterned MTJ diameter below 40 nm and pitch, down to 88 nm, with well-behaved switching distributions for write pulses as short as 5 ns and with excellent device stability against 400°C back-end-of-line (BEOL) baking up to 3hr.
Reduction of Mutual Coupling for Wearable Antennas

A novel metamaterial-inspired isolator which combines defected ground structures (DGS) and modified split ring resonators (SRR) is proposed. No vertical conducting parts are present, which have a risk of being broken due to user movements. It is also wideband and does not affect the compactness of the antenna array. Its most important characteristic is that it has a stable isolating performance under complex bending conditions. A prototype was fabricated and measured.
Dual-beam Orthogonal Circular Polarized Antenna

A novel mm-wave-antenna structure has been proposed and investigated. It operates at 32 GHz with 3.2 GHz (−10 dB) bandwidth. It has the potential to be easily scaled for 5G band. The structure is composed of a monopole antenna above a ground plane and an SIW wall. The antenna structure was studied numerically, revealing a directivity of 6.5 dBi within a bandwidth of 3.2GHz. In addition, the effects of different structural parameters have been investigated. The radiation pattern of the antenna reveals two orthogonal beams, circularly polarized, separately in the left and right direction.
Time-frequency analysis of heart sounds before and after angioplasty

Heart sounds have been recorded from patients with coronary artery disease before and after angioplasty in the cardiology department of the Royal Adelaide Hospital. We present an algorithm to decompose the recorded signals to beat cycles synchronized with electrocardiogram (ECG) and detect the most correlated cycles. Time-frequency analysis is carried out on the isolated beat cycles, and another algorithm is used to detect local maxima in the time-frequency plane. The detected maxima are then compared before and after angioplasty.
Beyond Antenna Q: On Reactive Energy and the Need For a Spatio-Temporal Dynamical Paradigm

We question the common emphasis on antenna quality factor Q and input impedance within fundamental research in antenna theory and applied electromagnetics. Alternatively, the requirements and need for a fully-fledged spatio-temporal dynamical approach to the description and analysis of energy transformations, especially in the antenna near one, is highlighted, particularly in light of the authors’ recent computational FDTD-IDM method. An outline of the derivation of general time-dependent reactive energy is given, providing foundations for the FDTD-IDM approach. Some of the physical, conceptional, and engineering aspects of the results are also discussed.
Ultrawide Band Tightly-Coupled Aperture Magneto-Electric Dipole Array Over 20 - 40 GHz

We propose a linearly-polarized wideband phased-array for millimeter-wave applications. The array is composed of tightly-coupled Magneto-Electric Dipoles fed by slot-coupled microstrip lines. The integration of the radiating elements with the feed structure removes the need of an external balun and simplifies the manufacturing process. The simulated antenna provides 64% bandwidth at VSWR < 2 and 60% bandwidth at VSWR < 2.65 for scanning up to 45◦ and 60◦ in both E- and H-planes, respectively.
A Broadband Bow-Tie Cavity-Backed Slot for Traveling-Wave Arrays in the Millimeter-Wave Band

The use of bow-tie geometries to enhance the characteristics of a radiating element previously proposed by the authors is presented. The previous element consisted of a broadband cavity-backed slot in transmission configuration. The bow-tie shape of the cavity improves the bandwidth of the element and the bow-tie slot keeps constant the amount of power radiated. The structure is designed for the millimeter-wave band. The enhancement of the element performance is shown through simulation results. A fractional bandwidth of more than 100% is achieved in the 70 GHz band, and the radiated power remains almost constant throughout 30 GHz of the bandwidth. These results show a great improvement over the original radiating element. The radiating structure has the ideal characteristics for building series-fed reconfigurable arrays for wide-band applications in the millimeter-wave band.
A 39 GHz Reflection-Type Phase Shifter for Reflectarray Antenna Application

In this paper, a differential one-port millimeter-wave reflection-type phase shifter for reflectarray antenna applications is implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology. Assisted by a switched terminator, the measured phase shift achieves more than 360 degrees using voltage control from 0 to 1 V. Signal loss is compensated in this design to alleviate the loss issue of passive phase shifters. The circuit consumes dc power of 14.4 mW.
Design of Beam-Steerable Array for 5G Applications Using Tunable Liquid-Crystal Phase Shifters

In this paper, we propose a new design concept of a beam-steerable, two-element array of microstrip patch antennas for 5G smartphone applications. The main beam is steered toward different directions through the use of a tunable phase shifter based on nematic liquid crystals (N-LC). The relative phase introduced at the input terminals of the two patch antennas is controlled through a bias voltage between 0 and 10 Volts. This external bias voltage changes the orientation of the LC molecules inside a cavity underneath the microstrip line, thus affecting the dielectric constant of the material, and effectively, the time delay. The antennas are fed through a feed network of microstrip lines. This design was optimized to provide impedance matching and low reflection coefficient. Simulation results using ANSYS HFSS reveal that the main beam can be switched toward different directions through the use of a low-intensity, low-frequency AC voltage that is applied externally between the microstrip line of the phase shifter and the common ground.
Improving on State Register Identification in Sequential Hardware Reverse Engineering

In the past years, new hardware reverse engineering methods for sequential gate-level netlists have been developed to detect Hardware Trojans and counteract Design Piracy. A critical part of sequential gate-level netlist reverse engineering is the identification of state registers. A promising method to solve this problem, RELIC, proposed by T. Meade et al., is based on input structure similarities of registers to differentiate between state and non-state registers. We propose an improvement to this method, fastRELIC: it outperforms RELIC in terms of speed and computational complexity. A complexity analysis shows the upper bound of $\mathcal{O}(R^2)$ (R: # registers) for both methods, but a linear lower bound Ω(R) for fastRELIC. Empirical results with fastRELIC provide a speedup of up to 100x. This allowed us to analyze real-life designs with more than 4,000 registers and 50,000 gates.
A Transient Component Based Approach for Islanding Detection in Distributed Generation

In this paper, transient response of the microgrid caused due to unintended switching events and faults have been investigated in distributed generation (DG) system. The proposed technique is based on two new criteria transient index value (TIV) and positive sequence superimposed current angle at point of common coupling. The proposed method utilizes three phase voltage signals at DG end to compute the TIV. The performance of the proposed integrated approach has been evaluated on a sample test system and a practical distribution network consisting of combined heat and power plant, wind turbine generators, and photovoltaic system. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique exhibits high reliability and leads to faster detection of islanding condition as compared to the existing passive islanding detection methods not only for zero active and reactive power mismatch conditions, but also for transient events caused due to nonlinear loads.
Circularly Polarized Parallel Plate Waveguide Multiple-Beam Lens-like Antenna for Satcom Applications

This paper describes a continuous parallel plate waveguide (PPW) quasi-optical beamformer (QOBF) with an array of septum polarizers to generate circular polarization. The PPW quasi-optical beamformer provides broadband and large scanning capabilities, although maintaining a relatively simple mechanical design. The septum polarizer is based on a stepped profile and is designed to provide circular polarization with axial ratio (AR) below 3 dB for a scan range of about ±19° in Ka-band (27.5 - 30.0 GHz).
Ground Clearance in Smartphone Antennas

This work investigates the effect of ground clearance on achievable smartphone antenna performance considering both industrial and scientific aspects. In addition to parametric studies, example antennas with small and large clearances are designed to visualise the design trade-offs in terms of size, bandwidth, and efficiency. Present antennas need a clearance of 5–6 mm to cover the low band at 698–960 MHz with an efficiency of –3 dB, whereas 3 mm is sufficient for comparable high-band performance.
High-Aperture-Efficiency Fabry-Pérot Cavity Antenna Using Hybrid-Mode Metasurface

A high-aperture-efficiency Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity antenna using a hybrid-mode metasurface is proposed. A finite-size metasurface supports the FP cavity resonance and a TE surface wave resonance simultaneously. The combination of the two resonances results in the excitation a new hybrid mode, generating a more uniform field amplitude distribution. A directivity of 15.45 dBi and a high aperture efficiency of 94.36% are achieved. The prototype FP cavity antenna shows a good agreement between the measured and simulated results.