Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Aesthetics of Wine

This book represents the first full-length study of the aesthetics of the appreciation of wine. It introduces and argues for the validity and significance of several new concepts: competency, project, and aesthetic practices. Using these concepts -- together with analyses borrowed from cognitive science, sensory science, Husserlian phenomenology and hermeneutics -- the case is made that wine can be a proper and indeed significant object of aesthetic attention. The implications of this are pursued in three ways: First, within the culture of wine, with a sustained treatment of important concepts such as terroir; second, within philosophical aesthetics. The latter results in a position termed 'contextual aesthetics' that sees aesthetic acts as always situated within cultural practices, and given meaning thereby. The third implication is for the cultural and aesthetic value accorded to the various senses, and the kinds of underlying issues that might have led to, and might now lead away from, these values.
Introducing the wiki concept to a knowledge organisation A case study at AstraZeneca examining the important aspects of a wiki's initial phase

Knowledge is today viewed as one of the organisations key resources. This especially applies for knowledge organisations like AstraZeneca, in which knowledge must be handled in an efficient way. Different tools for managing knowledge have been developed over the years, but these seem to be missing the interactivity that the IT-solution wiki has. In this study we introduce the concept of wiki to a knowledge organisation and investigate important aspects that should be discussed when implementing a wiki. We introduced the individual users to the wiki concept during an initial interview and thereafter let them test the actual wiki pilot. After testing the wiki pilot we interviewed the users again to evaluate the usage and to verify key aspects when introducing the wiki concept to a knowledge organisation.
Reproducibility of Lower Strength Tests Using a New Portable Dynamometer; Measurement Comparisons with a Non-Portable Dynamometer

Objectives: Hand-held dynamometers have been used to assess lower limb muscle strength. However, they have been reported to have various reliability and be dependent on the strength of the participant and that of the examiner. A new way to assess lower limb muscle strength using a portable load cell is being introduced in assessing knee extensors, hip abductors, hip external rotators and combined hip abductors and external rotators (‘clam’ position). The study aimed to identify the test-retest reliability, intra-rater reliability and validity of the new assessment method. Method: Twenty healthy controls took part in this study which took place in a physiology lab and performed four isometric strength tests on the portable dynamometer at two times. The first time the tests were also performed in an isokinetic dynamometer to assess validity. Results: The new assessment method was found have high reliability (knee extension ICC=0.99; hip abduction ICC=0.94; hip external rotation=0.97; ‘clam’=0.95) and high validity (knee extension ICC=0.99; hip abduction ICC=0.98; hip external rotation=0.90; ‘clam’=0.98) when compared to a gold standard isokinetic dynamometer. Conclusion: The new method is reliable and valid. It is more time-consuming than a hand-held dynamometer however it provides precise results without being dependent on the examiner.
Healthy and unhealthy eating amongst stressed students: considering the influence of mindfulness on eating choices and consumption

participants and procedure Ninety students were randomly allocated to either a mindfulness or a control condition. Both conditions exposed students to a stress-inducing task and levels of anxiety were recorded three times (i.e., prior to and after stress induction, and post-intervention) during the experiment. Chocolate and grapes were available to participants after the experiment as a token of appreciation.
A Novel Soft Actuator for Continuum Soft Robot Arm

This paper presents a novel pneumatic soft actuator for continuum robotic arms. In this actuator, by utilizing the instability of silicone rubber, the need for multiple air tubes to have multiple independent inflating chambers has been removed. To control which part to be inflated and to add more degrees of freedom to the actuator, shape memory alloy (SMA) springs have been used in the actuator structure. The resultant actuator can produce a high displacement and can maintain its final state without consuming energy. The goal for designing such an actuator is to decrease the size of current soft pneumatic continuum robotic arms by reducing the number of air supply tubes while preserving the number of degrees of freedom of the continuum robot arm. The current paper discussed the main principles behind the actuator design, the behavior of the first prototype of the actuator and the main aspects of controlling the actuator. In the end, the possible improvements and main issues regarding the enhancement of the actuator function have been discussed.
Analysis and perspectives to manage biocultural tourism : an option to conserve the forest ecosystem of Temascaltepec

The objective of this research was the transdisciplinary analysis of the viability of tourism biocultural as an alternative for the conservation of the biodiversity and local welfare. The natural wealth and the cultural and productive activities of Temascaltepec were registered. The analysis of main components was applied and a Student ́s t-test for cultural-demographic variables. The relative frequency of citation, the weighting of 19 productive activities and the economic specialization index were calculated. Eleven towns stand out by their cultural diversity. In terms of the natural wealth, prior research has documented 178 species of birds, 43 species of edible fungi and 45 species of orchids. In this case, 15 festivities and 25 products cultivated and wild that are part of the local diet were registered. The preponderance of oats, avocado and peach was evidenced, as well as the breeding of cattle, sheep, horse and extraction of conifers. The model of tourism biocultural should consist of the interaction of socialized facts and the recognition of otherness in habitats preserved for recreation of the senses from the observation of natural landscapes, historical works (temples, mines, pre-Hispanic sculptures), birds, flora and mushrooms. It is concluded that the bio-cultural tourism should be planned under the trans-disciplinarity to make it an alternative development; also, the gestation should include methods and ecological techniques for the projection of trails and routes by integrating local productive activities, religious festivals, natural resources and cultural.
Parcelation of the White Matter Using DTI: Insights into the Functional Connectivity of the Brain

Definitions Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a neuroimaging MR technique, which allows in vivo and non-destructive visualization of myeloarchitectonics in the neural tissue and provides quantitative estimates of WM integrity by measuring molecular diffusion. It is based in the phenomenon of diffusion anisotropy in the nerve tissue, in that water molecules diffuse faster along the neural fiber direction and slower in the fiber-transverse direction (figure 1) The hinderance of water diffusion in white matter is putative due to the diffusion barrier represented by the cell membrane and the myelin sheath however, it is governed by several other, yet not completely elucidated, parameters related to the diffusion physics and biophysical properties of the tissue such as, the cell membrane permeability and the free diffusion coefficients for the cellular compartments. The anisotropic diffusion of coherently oriented axonal fibers can be exploited for anatomic mapping and quantitative characterization of white matter tracts. This is done by depicting and measuring the diffusion tensor within the imaging voxels of the diffusion acquisition. Provided that 6 diffusion-encoded images sets are acquired along noncollinear directions, the diffusion tensor can be calculated. Diffusion tensor, is a mathematical model of the 3D pattern of diffusion trsjectories (a 3X3 matrix of vectors) within the white matter tracts. The three principal axes of the diffusion tensor are termed the eigenvectors. The largest eigenvector is termed the primary eigenvector and indicates the direction and magnitude of greatest water diffusion. It is important for fiber tractography because it indicates the orientation of axonal fiber bundles. The degree of directionality of intravoxel diffusivity is measured by the fractional anisotropy (FA) index. When the value of the primary eigenvector is higher than the values of the second and third eigenvectors the FA will be high, indicating diffusion along a preferred direction. The graphic representation of the three eigenvectors corresponds to a prolate shape of diffusion ellipsoid with the long axis of the ellipsoid indicating the preferred direction of diffusion (figure 2). Its value varies from 0 (isotropic diffusion) up to maximum 1, indicating perfectly linear diffusion along the primary eigenvector.
Cake, Death, and Trolleys: Dilemmas as benchmarks of ethical decision-making

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are becoming part of our lives and societies. The more decisions such systems make for us, the more we need to ensure that the decisions they make have a positive individual and societal ethical impact. How can we estimate how good a system is at making ethical decisions? Benchmarking is used to evaluate how good a machine or a process performs with respect to industry bests. In this paper we argue that (some) ethical dilemmas can be used as benchmarks for estimating the ethical performance of an autonomous system. We advocate that an open source repository of such dilemmas should be maintained. We present a prototype of such a repository available at https://imdb. uib.no/dilemmaz/articles/all1.
The altitudinal distribution of snow algae on an Alaska glacier (Gulkana Glacier in the Alaska Range)

The altitudinal distribution of a snow algal community was investigated on an Alaska glacier (Gulkana Glacier in the Alaska Range) from 1270 to 1770 m a.s. l. Seven species of snow and ice algae (Chlorophyta and cyanobacteria) were observed on the glacier surface. These species were Chlamydomonas nivalis, Mesotaenium berggrenii, Ancylonema nordenskioldii, Cylindrocystis brébissonii, Raphidonema sp. , and two Oscillatoriaceae cyanobacteria. The altitudinal distribution of snow algae was different among the species: Cd. nivalis was distributed on the middle to upper area, M. berggrenii; A. nordenskioldii, and one Oscillatoriaceae cyanobacterium on the middle to lower area; Raphidonema sp. on the middle area; and Cyl. brébissonii and one Oscillatoriaceae cyanobacterium on the lower area. The total cell concentration and the cell volume biomass of the snow algae ranged from 4·4 × 103 to 9·9 × 105 cells ml−1 and from 33 to 2211 µl m−2 respectively. The cell volume biomass changed with altitude; the biomass increased with altitude below 1600 m a.s. l. , and decreased above 1600 m a.s. l. The community structure showed that A. nordenskioldii dominated on the lower part of the glacier, and that Cd. nivalis dominated on the upper part. The species diversity was relatively high at the lowest and middle sites. The pH was 4·7 to 5·3 for snow and 4·9 to 5·7 for ice on the glacier. The altitudinal distribution of snow algae is discussed in terms of the physical and chemical condition of the glacier surface, and is compared with that on a Himalayan glacier. A larger biomass in the snow area on the Alaska glacier than that of the Himalayan glacier is likely due to less frequent snow cover in summer in Alaska. Small amounts of filamentous cyanobacteria on the Alaska glacier may allow washouts of unicellular green algae by running melt water and may cause a different pattern of altitudinal distribution of algal biomass on the ice area from the Himalayan glacier. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Household decision-making and gender relations in Tanzania: literature and theory review

This working paper briefly compares statistical, economic and anthropological views of the household, and describes the main determinants of intrahousehold bargaining and decision-making powers. Next, it discusses the shortcomings of the economic household models: their lack of attention to social norms and the non-bargaining area (i.e. the possibility of latent decision-making or non-decision-making). Additional insights in the Tanzanian household context are gained, through empirical evidence from the academic literature and the Tanzanian Demographic and Health Surveys; as well as from the country’s legislation.
SNATCH TECHNIQUE VALIDATION USING COMPUTATIONAL METHODS: A GENETIC ALGORITHM APPROACH

An analytical model based on a 6 degrees of freedom robotic manipulator is adopted to represent an individual athlete during weightlifting, snatch technique. The performance of an athlete is observed and the barbell trajectory of the lifter is considered as the lifting clue of our model. The inverse kinematics problem is solved using genetic algorithm. The results could be adopted in enhancing athletic performance through provision of an alternative weightlifting technique for the individual athlete. The performance of the athlete is compared with the generated motion. It is shown that the overall torque applied to the joints can be lessened by having the trunk horizontal angle constant during the first pull. The computational support of the technique is the main focus of the paper.
Identifying the Uncanny Phenomena in Educational Practice

One could argue that Jentsch’s (1906) essay, on “The Psychology of the Uncanny,” was a precursory step toward structuralism. His ideas on alienation, revolution, and repetition inspired and were incorporated into the respective works and disciplines pursued by Freud, Marx, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, and Derrida. Despite the uncanny’s impact on and applicability to these respective areas, this theory has not yet been evaluated or vetted for its relevance to the modern conditions of globalization that impact student learning, in particular, those students whose immigrant, minority, or socioeconomic status posit them on the periphery of their respective dominant educational systems. Therefore, this paper’s purpose is to identify and examine the history and theory of the uncanny, to define the alienation experience of its patrons, to explore the impact and effect on their cognitive development, and to suggest the need to recognize the uncanny experience as a legitimate threat to multiculturally responsive teaching an issue that requires addressment as well as educational and praxis reform.
In Search of Target Gene(s) to Quantify Pea Pathogenic Nectria haematococca in Agricultural Soils

Footrot disease due to N. haematococca (anamorph Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi) is a globally, economically important disease of peas. The disease has been linked to the presence of six pea pathogenicity (PEP) genes (PDA1, PEP1, PEP2, PEP3, PEP4 and PEP5) inherent in pathogenic forms of the causal fungus N. haematococca MPIV. The disease is prevented only through avoidance of fields with high disease potential. Identifying agricultural fields with a high disease potential prior to pea cultivation has been paramount in the implementation of preventive measures. Although molecular techniques have been successfully used to quantify pathogenic strains of N. haematococca in agricultural soils, targeting all six pathogenicity genes in these assays would not be cost effective. This study therefore attempts to review the functions and roles of the different genes linked with pea pathogenicity with the aim of identifying gene(s) that would serve as a logical target in a quantitative molecular assay. Findings suggest that, whilst the PDA gene may be targeted in a preliminary diagnostic measure, a conclusive assay, targeting the PEP3 gene may be required to affirm pea footrot disease potential of agricultural fields. Agricultural fields with the PEP3 gene copy numbers of up to 100 per g soil prior to cultivation may be deemed unsafe for peas.
Antioxidative Activity of Carotenoids in Mideodeok Styela clava

Abstracts Carotenoids were found in high levels in both muscle and tunic samples, with the highest and lowest values observed in March and January, respectively. The average values in muscle (GM) and tunic (GT) harvested in Geoje were 49.1 mg/100g and 56.7 mg/100g, respectively, whereas those in muscle (TM) and tunic (TT) harvested in Tongyeong were 42.0 mg/100g and 50.2 mg/100g, respec -tively. The total phenol contents of the tunic were not significantly different ( P < 0.05) between sampling area and month. We in-vestigated the antioxidative activities of the carotenoids against linoleic acid peroxidation [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)] and hydroxyl radicals as well as their reducing power. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was 7.6-13.5% in GM, which is relatively weak, whereas it was 21.1-29.9% in GT, 9.6-12.4% in TM and 19.3-24.1% in TT. In comparison to α-tocopherol, the carotenoids were found to have strong inhibitory effects against linoleic acid peroxidation, and exhibited strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power at 120 μg/mL of each sample.
Evaluation of mlearning in special education context

"Mobile Technologies for Students with Hearing Disability", IBEM is a project which will end in June 2009 and supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). Primary goal of the project is to help hearing impaired students to use mobile information and communication technologies effectively and independently, and provide them with learning and communication opportunities enriched through mobile technologies. The three-year project consisted of different levels of planning. This study reveals the steps taken for evaluation phase giving the framework of an evaluation model followed.
The Effect of Extension on Small Scale Fish Processing Creativity in West Java, Indonesia

Fisher ies extension for small scale fish processing in West Java Province - Indonesia, conducted by central government and local government. Extension services we re conducted through training and socialization methods. The intensity of counseling is crucial in changing the behavior of small-scale fish processors. This study aims to analyze the effect of perception of fish processors as participants of fisheries extension to business creativity. The method analyzed quantitatively with multiple regression. The results showed that the perception of fish processors as participants of fisheries extension can affect the creativity of the business. Significant variables were the training of product packaging and appropriate training methods that it easily applied by the fish processor. Therefore, the policy of fisheries extension to improve the creativity of the business should be directed to the training of packing the good product. Keywords: creativity, empowerment, extension, fisheries, small scale
A Post-Mortem of Regional Innovation Policy Failure: Scotland's Intermediate Technology Initiative (ITI)

Brown R. , Gregson G. and Mason C. A post-mortem of regional innovation policy failure: Scotland's Intermediate Technology Initiative (ITI), Regional Studies. The Intermediate Technology Initiative (ITI) was one of the most ambitious ‘systemic’ regional innovation policy instruments developed in the UK in recent years. However, little of the ITI's anticipated outputs materialized and the programme was prematurely terminated. This paper examines the reasons for its failure, which largely centred on the programme's inappropriate design. The findings suggest that greater recognition needs to be given to the specificities of local entrepreneurial ecosystems when designing, aligning and executing systemic innovation policy instruments. It is argued that paying greater attention to policy failures could potentially help innovation scholars better understand how innovation systems function.
Dynamic equivalence relation on the fuzzy measure algebras

The main goal of the present paper is to extend classical results from the measure theory and dynamical systems to the fuzzy subset setting. In this paper, the notion of dynamic equivalence relation is introduced and then it is proved that this relation is an equivalence relation. Also, a new metric on the collection of all equivalence classes is introduced and it is proved that this metric is complete.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF CAJANUS CAJAN

The search for plants with antibacterial activity has gained increasing importance in recent years due to the development of antimicrobial drug resistance and often the occurrence of undesirable side effects of some antibiotics (Soberon et al., 2007). With the advent of ever increasing resistant bacterial and yeast strains, there has been a corresponding rise in the universal demand for natural antimicrobial therapeutics. About 80% of developing countries use traditional medicine based on plant products. Plants are saffer alternative sources of antimicrobials (Pretorious and Watt, 2001; Sharif and Banik, 2006).
Who Can Use What? Proposals for the Development of a Recommender System for Selecting the Most Appropriate Text Input Method for a Given User Based on the User’s Physical Abilities.

Those who cannot use computers are severely disenfranchised by society’s present and future reliance on digital technology. Persons with disabilities comprise a significant portion of this disenfranchised group. For persons with disabilities, one of the biggest obstacles to computer use is the input of text. This thesis aims to be the basis for the development of a recommender system to aid users with a wide array of physical abilities in selecting the most applicable text input method for them. We present a survey of text input devices both for people with disabilities and for people in the general population. We then propose a framework for the development of a full scale recommender system for selecting the most appropriate text input method for a given user based on that user’s physical abilities.
CuO NANOPARTICLES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND THEIR BACTERICIDAL EFFICACY

Objective : In the present study copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. The antibacterial activity of CuO nanoparticles was carried out against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The synthesis was carried out by coprecipitation method using copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide as precursors. The synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X - ray Analysis (EDX) techniques. Besides, this study determines the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CuO nanoparticles against gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans ) and gram-negative ( E. coli and Proteus vulgaris ) bacteria . Results: The average crystallite size of CuO nanoparticles was found to be 19 nm by X-ray diffraction. FT-IR spectrum exhibited vibrational modes at 432 cm -1 , 511 cm -1 and 611 cm -1 were assigned for Cu-O stretching vibration. According to UV-Vis spectrum, two bands were observed at 402 nm and 422 nm. ED’s spectrum shows only elemental copper (Cu) and oxide (O) and no other elemental impurity was observed. The antimicrobial assay revealed that Proteus vulgaris showed a maximum zone of inhibition (37 mm) at 50 mg/ml concentration of CuO nanoparticles. Conclusion: In conclusion, copper oxide is a good antibacterial agent against both gram positive and gram-negative organisms.