Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wafer level LED packaging with optimal light output and thermal dissipation for high-brightness lighting

Market size of high-brightness LED lighting has been rapidly growing upon the continual improvement of quantum efficiency and light extraction. However some key breakthroughs must be made before this technology can be fully adopted into the broad market, such as efficient thermal dissipation and low manufacturing cost. A major portion of cost of an LED module falls in the packaging processes after the emissive device stack has been fabricated. Also given the thin thickness of device stack, the packaging structure holds the bottleneck for thermal dissipation. We address these two key challenges with a novel wafer-level packaging structure integrated into the device stack, which enables maximal thermal dissipation rate from active device stack to substrate while allowing high aperture ratio and optimal light output. Our approach applies full wafer-level batch process from epitaxial growth all the way down to packaging for light extraction and wavelength conversion, in order to achieve high throughput and high yield at low cost. Initial prototypes of GaN based blue LED with big chip size have been fabricated without selective electrodes for minimized contact resistance, exhibiting high brightness at relatively low drive voltage (3.5V). As one key step in wafer level packaging, the wafer bonding process was characterized with Moiré patterning to understand the temperature-dependent warpage profile, with simulation performed in guidance to final solution for compensating the warpage profile along the bonding process and afterwards. Different approaches were applied in learning the most effective bonding technique for this packaging structure. Further development is ongoing to improve the overall power efficiency and color quality, including optimal materials for ohmic contacts at both electrodes, large-area light extraction structure, and integrated phosphor material. This wafer-level packaging technology is scalable to large wafer size for achieving superior thermal and optical performance at high-throughput and low cost.
Cytochrome c oxidase sequence comparisons suggest an unusually high rate of mitochondrial DNA evolution in Mytilus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

Blue mussels of the genus Mytilus have an unusual mode of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transmission: males receive mtDNA from both parents and transmit their paternal mtDNA to their sons; females receive mtDNA only from their mother (Skibinski, Gallagher, and Beynon 1994~2, 1994b; Zouros et al. 1994~2, 1994b). This mode of mtDNA transmission has been termed “doubly uniparental inheritance” (DUI; Zouros et al. 1994a). It is known from the work of Hoffmann, Boore, and Brown (1992) and Boore and Brown (1994) that the gene order of Mytilus mtDNA is much more different from that of vertebrates, insects, or the chiton Katharina (itself a mollusk) than these other mtDNA gene orders are from each other. Here we report another exceptional feature of the Mytilus mtDNA genome, specifically, an accelerated rate of sequence divergence. Based on a comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, we demonstrate that the Mytilus mtDNA is the most divergent metazoan mtDNA known today and that it evolves at a higher rate than is typical for animals. We suggest that the fast rate of mtDNA evolution in Mytilus is causally related to DUI. Nucleotide sequences of both the “female” (F) and “male” (M) mitotypes of Mytilus edulis for cytochrome c oxidase subunits I (COI, 660 bp) and III (COIII, 762 bp) were obtained as described elsewhere (Folmer et al. 1994; Stewart et al. 1995). Ten additional sequences representing major metazoan lineages were either obtained from Genbank or communicated to us. Estimates of sequence divergence and the construction of neighborjoining trees were carried out using MEGA version 1.02 (Kumar, Tamura, and Nei 1993) and were based on the combined COI/COIII data set. Pairwise proportional distances for first and second nucleotide positions and for amino acids are shown in table 1. Given the taxonomic distance of the compared taxa, nucleotide substitutions at third positions were saturated and were excluded from nucleotide distance calculations.
Improved Image Denoising Algorithm Based on Superpixel Clustering and Sparse Representation

Good learning image priors from the noise-corrupted images or clean natural images are very important in preserving the local edge and texture regions while denoising images. This paper presents a novel image denoising algorithm based on superpixel clustering and sparse representation, named as the superpixel clustering and sparse representation (SC-SR) algorithm. In contrast to most existing methods, the proposed algorithm further learns image nonlocal self-similarity (NSS) prior with mid-level visual cues via superpixel clustering by the sparse subspace clustering method. As the superpixel edges adhered to the image edges and reflected the image structural features, structural and edge priors were considered for a better exploration of the NSS prior. Next, each similar superpixel region was regarded as a searching window to seek the first L most similar patches to each local patch within it. For each similar superpixel region, a specific dictionary was learned to obtain the initial sparse coefficient of each patch. Moreover, to promote the effectiveness of the sparse coefficient for each patch, a weighted sparse coding model was constructed under a constraint of weighted average sparse coefficient of the first L most similar patches. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm achieved very competitive denoising performance, especially in image edges and fine structure preservation in comparison with state-of-the-art denoising algorithms.
Prox1 and fibroblast growth factor receptors form a novel regulatory loop controlling lens fiber differentiation and gene expression

Lens epithelial cells differentiate into lens fibers (LFs) in response to a fibroblast growth factor (FGF) gradient. This cell fate decision requires the transcription factor Prox1, which has been hypothesized to promote cell cycle exit in differentiating LF cells. However, we find that conditional deletion of Prox1 from mouse lenses results in a failure in LF differentiation despite maintenance of normal cell cycle exit. Instead, RNA-seq demonstrated that Prox1 functions as a global regulator of LF cell gene expression. Intriguingly, Prox1 also controls the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and can bind to their promoters, correlating with decreased downstream signaling through MAPK and AKT in Prox1 mutant lenses. Further, culturing rat lens explants in FGF increased their expression of Prox1, and this was attenuated by the addition of inhibitors of MAPK. Together, these results describe a novel feedback loop required for lens differentiation and morphogenesis, whereby Prox1 and FGFR signaling interact to mediate LF differentiation in response to FGF. Summary: RNA-seq and the analyses of mutant mice reveal that Prox1 functions as a global regulator of lens fiber cell gene expression and acts in a feedback loop to control the expression of FGF receptors.
Continuum percolation of rods.

Etude theorique du seuil de percolation critique pour divers systemes de barres en fonction de l'anisotropie et/ou de l'orientation des barres. Confirmation du developpement exact de Coniglio et al. pour ce seuil, proportionnel a l'inverse du volume exclu dans le cas general et egal a ce volume pour des barres isotropes 3D
Ether-Soluble Organic Acids of Mature Valencia Orange Leaves.

In a series of studies (16,18, 20) on the organic acids of citrus fruits, the authors have pointed out that large amounts of organic acids exist in the juice of the pulp, as compared with exceptionally low concentrations in the peel. The vascular system of the fruit is confined chiefly to the mesocarp (albedo), and the latter thus serves the important function of transporting water and solutes from the tree to the juice vesicles of the pulp. Since these vesicles contain relatively large amounts of organic acids, it would appear that higher concentrations than are present should occur in the mesocarp, that is, if the total organic acid radical is transferred from leaves to vesicles. This situation led to the postulation that the organic acids of the juice are possibly synthesized in the pulp vesicles rather than in the leaves and subsequently transferred to the pulp. Quantitative determination and identification of the organic acids present in the leaves should provide fundamental data necessary for a solution to this problem. The present investigation has been concerned with the extraction of the organic acids from ground, dried Valencia orange leaves with absolute ethyl ether, and with the subsequent determination of total and individual organic acids in the water solution of the ether extract. In addition, water-soluble organic acids were extracted directly from aliquot portions of the dried leaf samples, and these data were compared with the total and individual acids extracted with ether. This information revealed the amounts of organic acids present in the leaves in soluble and insoluble states. The influence of these factors on the buffer system of the leaves is discussed. Furthermore, certain relationships are proposed concerning the synthesis and translocation of organic acids from the leaves to the fruit.
Neural Network Controller Design for an Uncertain Robot With Time-Varying Output Constraint

An adaptive control-based neural network for a ${n}$ -link robot is studied and the considered robot can be transformed as a class of multi-input–multioutput systems. The position of the robot or the output of the transformed systems is constrained in a time-varying compact set. It is commonly known that the constant constraint belongs to a special case of the time-varying constraint, and thus, it can be more general for handling practical problem as compared with the existing methods for robot. The neural approximation is used to estimate the unknown functions of systems and the time-varying barrier Lyapunov function is used to overcome the violation of constraints. It can prove the stability of the closed-loop systems by using Lyapunov analysis. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated by performing a simulation example.
Entity Disambiguation using Freebase and Wikipedia

This thesis addresses the problem of entity disambiguation, which involves identifying important phrases in a given text and linking them to the appropriate entities they refer to. For this work, information extracted from both Freebase and Wikipedia served as the knowledge base. A fully functional entity disambiguation tool is made available online and the challenges involved in each stages of the development are addressed in this paper. It explains how the phrases in a text are assigned importance measure, both before and after the disambiguation process, based on several studies available in the literature and experimental analysis conducted as a part of this work. Additionally it explains the implementation of the collective-entity-linking algorithm by Han et al.[1] for entity disambiguation. Several highly reusable code have been developed, whose usability extend well beyond the work described here. Stages involved in the development, from parsing the database dump to storing them in a high-speed, memory efficient key-value store are addressed. By means of D3js a JavaScript based vector graphics library for bringing data to life, visualization of the ambiguity tree is provided, which helps the user easily comprehend the results.
Modeling and Analysis of Grid Harmonic Distortion Impact of Aggregated DG Inverters

This paper proposes an impedance-based analytical method for modeling and analysis of harmonic interactions between the grid and aggregated distributed generation (DG) inverters. The root cause of harmonic interaction/resonance problems is the impedance-network quasi-resonance between the effective output impedance of the inverter and the equivalent grid impedance at the connection point. Starting with the output impedance modeling of an inverter, a Norton model of the inverter is derived. Comparing with the switching model and the average model of the inverter, simulation results show the effectiveness of the model. This paper proposes that impedance limits should be specified and used as an extra design constraint for DG inverters in order to minimize the harmonic distortion impact on the grid. Assuming the impedance models of individual inverters and local loads within a distribution grid are known, especially in the case of new grids under construction, harmonic interactions between the grid and a certain number of DG inverters can be preliminarily estimated.
Some aspects of the medical management of renal calculi.

Whenever practicable, surgical management of renal calculi is best. It removes a foreign body; this in itself is obviously wise, for the foreign body continuously grows larger; it has already grown to a size that makes it visible in the roentgenogram. Mechanically the calculus will do damage by pressure and erosion. It invites infection, and when infection is present it prevents the infection from being cured. Last, but by no means least, it will frequently block the free flow of urine from the kidney, from the calices, or even from the collecting tubules. Despite all these excellent reasons for the surgical removal of renal calculi, in some circumstances medical management is not only desirable but wise and sensible. This is especially so when calculi are forming in the renal collecting tubules, for no surgical procedure except nephrectomy makes it possible to remove these calculi, which, unfortunately, frequently occur in both
The Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor NS-398 Ameliorates Ischemic Brain Injury in Wild-Type Mice but not in Mice with Deletion of the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene

The authors investigated the role of the prostaglandin-synthesizing enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the mechanisms of focal cerebral ischemia and its interaction with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Focal cerebral ischemia was produced by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in mice. Infarct volume was measured 96 hours later by computer-assisted planimetry in thionin-stained brain sections. The highly selective COX-2 inhibitor NS398 (20 mg/kg; intraperitoneally), administered twice a day starting 6 hours after MCA occlusion, reduced total infarct volume in C57BL/6 (–23%) and 129/SVeV mice (–21%), and ameliorated the motor deficits produced by MCA occlusion (P < .05). However, NS398 did not influence infarct volume in mice with deletion of the iNOS gene (P > .05). In contrast, the neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-NI (50 mg/kg; intraperitoneally), administered once 5 minutes after MCA occlusion, reduced neocortical infarct volume by 20% in iNOS −/− mice (P < .05). NS398 did not affect arterial pressure, resting CBF or the CBF reactivity to hypercapnia in anesthetized iNOS null mice (P > .05). The data suggest that COX-2 reaction products, in mouse as in rat, contribute to ischemic brain injury. However, the failure of NS398 to reduce infarct volume in iNOS null mice suggests that iNOS-derived NO is required for the deleterious effects of COX-2 to occur. Thus, COX-2 reaction products may be another mechanism by which iNOS-derived NO contributes to ischemic brain injury.
Antigen-presenting liposomes are effective in treatment of recurrent herpes simplex virus genitalis in guinea pigs

The therapeutic and immunologic effects of a liposome preparation containing both a macrophage activator, muramyl-tripeptide-phosphatidylethanolamine, and a recombinant antigen, glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1, have been investigated. This preparation was tested in vitro for the ability to stimulate peripheral blood lymphocytes and in vivo for the control of recurrent herpes genitalis in guinea pigs. Our results show that the liposome-antigen-adjuvant preparation is capable of enhancing antigen-specific lymphocyte stimulation, which may be related to the observed 75% suppression of the frequency and severity of reactivation of recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 genitalis compared with that of placebo controls.
A Novel Region based Image Fusion Method using DWT and Region Consistency Rule

This paper proposes a novel region based image fusion scheme using discrete wavelet transform and region consistency rule. In the recent literature, region based image fusion methods show better performance than pixel based image fusion methods. The graph based normalized cutset algorithm is used for image segmentation. The region consistency rule is used to select the regions from discrete wavelet transform decomposed source images. The new MMS fusion rule is also proposed to fuse multimodality images. Proposed method is applied on large number of registered images of various categories of multifocus and multimodality images and results are compared using standard reference based and nonreference based image fusion parameters. It has been observed that simulation results of our proposed algorithm are consistent and more information is preserved compared to earlier reported pixel based and region based
PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN DAYA SAING BERKELANJUTAN BERDASARKAN REPUTASI UKURAN AKUNTANSI BUMN Tbk INDONESIA

This study aims to find and analyze models of the effect of ownership structure on the sustainable competitive advantage based on the reputation of the size of the accounting Indonesia’s privatized SOEs. The sample of this study a total of 14 SOEs Tbk Indonesia. Analysis of the data in this study using the Partial Least Square (PLS). Results penelitain found that increasing public ownership in the ownership structure of Indonesia’s privatized SOEs to improve sustainable competitive advantage based on the reputation of the accounting measure of increased return on equity (ROE), an increase in return on assets (ROA), an increase in the actual dividend payout ratio (ADPR).
Light-driven synthesis of the large subunit of fraction I protein by isolated chloroplasts.

Treatment of greening cells with 70S ribosomal inhibitors such as lincomycin results in the inhibition of the synthesis of fraction I protein, but not that of other photosynthetic enzymes or chloroplast RNA polymerase (Ellis & Hartley, 1971). Fraction I protein is the major protein found in chloroplasts, and consists of large and small subunits (Rutner & Lane, 1967). The differential labelling of the large and small subunits in vivo (Kawashima, 1970) and the sensitivity of such labelling to chloramphenicol and cycloheximide suggests that only the large subunit is made by chloroplast ribosomes (Criddle et al., 1970) However, conclusive evidence can only come from studies with isolated chloroplasts. Isolated chloroplasts are known to carry out the incorporation of labelled amino acids into protein by means of a 70S ribosomal system, but there has been no convincing identification of any specific protein that these ribosomes synthesize in vitro (Kirk, 1970). We believe that the reason for this is that precautions were not taken to ensure that incorporation takes place only in intact chloroplasts in which conditions for correct termination and release of polypeptide chains are likely to be optimal. We now report that isolated intact pea chloroplasts synthesize the large subunit of fraction I protein but not the small subunit. Chloroplasts were isolated by the rapid method of Ramirez et al. (1967) from 7-10-day-old pea plants (Pisum sativum) grown at 20001x on a 12h photoperoid. Incorporation of [I4C]leucine into protein is stimulated 20-fold by red light in the absence of either added ATP or catalysts of photophosphorylation; rates of incorporation are in the range 0.51. Onmol of [14C]leucine/h per mg of chlorophyll at 20°C. Incorporation is inhibited by chloramphenicol, by lincomycin and by lysis of the chloroplasts, but not by ribonuclease. Lysed chloroplasts supplemented with ATP and GTP show very low incorporation. We believe therefore that protein synthesis is proceeding only in intact chloroplasts. Analysis of the chloroplast soluble protein by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and gel filtration revealed only one labelled product, which migrates exactly with the large subunit of fraction I protein. This product is not found at zero time, in chloroplasts incubated in the dark or in the presence of chloramphenicol.
Probabilistic model checking applied to autonomous spacecraft reconfiguration

Formal verification techniques are necessary to demonstrate the completeness, the correctness, and the consistency in implementing spacecraft model-based autonomy requirements, where we have to explore the behavior of the system over a large input range. This paper introduces an approach based on probabilistic model checking to verify the specification of spacecraft autonomous reconfiguration functionality, modeled via Markov Decision Process. Some preliminary results show how this approach can be used to check whether the system fulfills suitably-defined properties under a given probability.
Supporting teachers’ relationships with disruptive children: the potential of relationship-focused reflection

A relationship-focused reflection program (RFRP) was developed that targeted teachers’ mental representations of relationships with specific children. Relative effectiveness was examined in a randomized comparative trial with repeated measures. Thirty-two teachers were assigned to the RFRP or the comparison intervention directly aimed at teacher behavior. Per teacher, two children (N = 64) were selected with above-median levels of externalizing behavior. Multilevel growth modeling was used to explore intervention effects on teacher-reported Closeness and Conflict, and observed Teacher Sensitivity and Behavior Management Quality. Teaching Efficacy was included as a moderator. The RFRP yielded changes over time in closeness for about half of the teacher–child dyads. In addition, teachers with high efficacy beliefs were more likely to report declines in conflict than low-efficacy teachers. Lastly, significant increases were found in observed sensitivity. These effects were different from those found in the comparison condition and provided preliminary evidence for the potential of in-depth reflection on specific relationships to promote teacher–child relationships.
Cost effectiveness of facility and home based HIV voluntary counseling and testing strategies in rural Uganda.

BACKGROUND In Uganda, the main stay for provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) has been at health facilities. Home based VCT on the other hand, was initiated in the country to improve service coverage. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost effectiveness of facility- and home-based HIV VCT strategies in rural southwestern Uganda. METHODS Data on costs and effectiveness of facility- and home-based HIV VCT intervention strategies was collected in two sub-Counties in rural southwestern Uganda. Costing was performed using the ingredients approach. Effectiveness was measured as the number of HIV sero-positive clients identified. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios (ICERs) were calculated from the provider perspective. RESULTS The cost per client tested were US$6.4 for facility based VCT and US$5.0 for home based VCT. The corresponding costs per positive case identified were US$86.5 and US$54.7 respectively. The incremental cost to providers per additional positive case identified by facility based VCT was US$3.5. CONCLUSION Home based VCT was the least costly strategy per client tested and was also cost effective in identifying HIV sero-positive clients in rural areas. This strategy should therefore be promoted to improve service coverage and thereby facilitate early and extensive detection of clients eligible for treatment.