Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School-based interventions for anxious children: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups.

OBJECTIVE To follow 61 participants (7-11 years old) from a study that compared three school-based interventions for anxious children: group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for children, group CBT for children plus parent training, and no-treatment control to determine whether posttreatment benefits are sustained longitudinally. METHOD Parent, child, and clinician report measures of child anxiety were completed at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. Semistructured diagnostic interviews were administered at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. For initial analyses, the group CBT and group CBT plus parent training conditions were collapsed into one group and compared to control. When significant results were found, each active treatment group was compared to control. RESULTS Across several measures, the collapsed CBT group sustained significant improvement in anxiety severity and impairment across a 12-month period compared to control. There were no significant differences between the three groups on remission of baseline anxiety disorders or incidence of new anxiety disorders during the follow-up. Several parent-report measures at 3 and 6 months posttreatment suggested that group CBT for children plus parent training provided additional benefit over the group CBT for children when each was compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS School-based CBT appears effective in decreasing anxiety symptoms up to 12 months posttreatment for anxious children.
The value of informant versus individual's complaints of memory impairment in early dementia

Article abstract Self-reported versus informant-reported memory problems in nondemented elderly adults and in individuals with very mild and mild dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were correlated with cognitive outcomes. No significant correlations were found between self-reported memory complaints and cognitive performance or (in controls) later development of dementia. In contrast, informant-reported memory loss distinguished nondemented from demented individuals and predicted future diagnosis of DAT.
Food hypersensitivity among Caucasian and non‐Caucasian children

There are little data regarding the frequency of different foods that cause hypersensitivity in the UK. Furthermore, there are no data regarding food hypersensitivity related to ethnic variations. This prospective study involved 76 children with IgE‐mediated food allergy presenting consecutively over 18 months to a Paediatric Allergy Clinic serving a well‐defined population that is 21% non‐Caucasian. A total of 52.6% of the paediatric allergy clinic population was non‐Caucasian compared with 35.9% in General Paediatric Clinics giving a mean difference in percentage of 16.7 (5.6, 27.8), p < 0.01. The average number of food allergens per child in the non‐Caucasian group was 2.05 vs. 1.22 in the Caucasian group, mean difference 0.83, which is significant (t = 4.15, d.f. = 74, p < 0.01). Analysis of other allergic conditions revealed no significant increase in the non‐Caucasian group. The mean age of first reaction to any food was 2.6 yr (range 0.3–12 yr) in Caucasian, and 1.7 yr (range 0.3–8 yr) in non‐Caucasian, children (p < 0.05). There were 125 reactions in the study population, with egg, peanut, tree nut, cow milk and cod being the commonest food allergens. Some novel foods, such as kiwi, lentil and sesame, were also represented in the top 10 food allergies, particularly in the non‐Caucasian population. Ethnic minorities are over‐represented in terms of the number of children with food allergy and number of food allergies per child, present at an earlier age with food allergy, and possibly have a greater variety of food allergies compared with Caucasians. This is important in terms of health education. Our findings need confirmation by a more detailed population based study, ideally using food challenges in addition to history and skin prick testing.
Why Do Savings Banks Transform Sight Deposits into Illiquid Assets Less Intensively than the Regulation Allows?

For their short-term payment obligations, savings banks hold substantially more liquid assets than the liquidity regulation requires. This paper investigates whether sight deposits, an important funding source for savings banks, help in explaining liquid asset holdings in excess of regulatory requirements. We analyze whether savings banks transform sight deposits in illiquid assets less intensively than is permitted because (i) the liquidity regulation underestimates actual withdrawal rates (underestimation effect) and/or (ii) savings banks are subject to limits in their lending to non-banks that they do not offset by, for instance, medium-term interbank lending or fixed asset holdings (lending effect). In our sample, we do not find the underestimation effect to be applicable as actual deposit withdrawal rates are in most cases lower than the regulatorily specified rate. However, we find the lending effect to be at work: Savings banks with low shares of loans to non-banks do not transform sight deposits into illiquid assets as intensively as savings banks with high shares of non-bank loans. Our analysis does not only show that liquid assets positively depend on sight deposits, but also shines a light on how bank size and the individual bank's position in the interbank market affect liquid assets.
Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism: Plasticity and Evolution

Carbon metabolism is the important part of the photosynthetic process in that plant green cells convert physical and chemical sources of energy into carbohydrates. Over the last 50 years, knowledge and understanding of carbon metabolism has improved considerably. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism can no longer be explained by a single, invariable cycle. It is no longer restricted to just the chloroplast or even to a single cell. In addition to carbon reduction, nitrogen assimilation, sulphate reduction and other aspects of intermediary metabolism are tightly connected with this process. Like other physiological processes, photosynthesis differs greatly among various plant species and under different environmental conditions. Over the evolutionary history of land plants, selection pressures led to evolution of variants of photosynthetic carbon metabolism namely C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathways. In this chapter we will focus on the effect of environmental factors on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in order to show the considerable plasticity of this process. In addition, the processes in the evolution of main types of photosynthetic carbon metabolisms will be discussed regarding anatomical, physiological and molecular evidences.
Developing a performance criteria model for school foodservice: an application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

This study developed a performance criteria model in terms of achieving the overall Child Nutrition Program (CNP) goal for school foodservice and utilized it in comparing conventional and centralized food production systems. The development and comparison procedures were conducted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Current practices for monitoring performance criteria also were examined. Five questionnaires were developed to (a) identify a list of comprehensive performance criteria that were agreed upon by school foodservice experts; (b) evaluate two food production systems compared by school foodservice directors who have managed both systems in the same school district; and (c) investigate current practices for monitoring performance criteria reported by school foodservice directors managing large school districts. ;Results indicated that customer satisfaction was the most important category in achieving the overall CNP goal, followed by financial management, meal quality, program management, and operations management. Two school foodservice directors, who responded and managed conventional and centralized food production systems in the same school district, suggested that the centralizing food production may be better in achieving the overall CNP goal. However, the optimum level of centralization in school foodservice operations is yet to be determined. Criteria related to food production, program management, and meal quality were monitored daily by most school foodservice directors. Although all performance criteria were monitored regularly by school foodservice managers, standards to determine whether current performance in various criteria were satisfactory or not were not consistent among school districts. Financial management was the area for which school foodservice directors needed the most assistance. ;The performance criteria model developed can be used for strategic decision making in school foodservice. Priorities of criteria in the model can be customized to school districts with different goals by replicating the pairwise comparison process used in this study. Also, researchers need to identify levels of performance in each criterion by developing standards of performance for each criterion. This can assist school foodservice directors with evaluating performance in different criteria, especially for those criteria that directors have a difficult time monitoring.
An Investigation of Total Quality Management Practices in Pakistan

This study investigates the extent of total quality management (TQM) implementation in the textile companies of an under-researched country, Pakistan. It also examines whether ISO 9001 certification leads to improved business results and adoption of TQM. The perceived association of TQM practices with organisational performance and issues faced by the sample companies during the implementation of quality improvement initiatives are also identified. A self-completion questionnaire was designed and perception-based data were collected from a sample of two hundred and ten (210) textile companies. One thousand and fifty (1050) questionnaires were sent to the companies. The respondents were managers from different departments of the sample companies. Statistical techniques like frequency tables, descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, multiple regression and chi-square test were used to analyse the data. The results of this study indicated that TQM philosophy is poorly implemented in the sample textile companies. The majority (81%) of respondents indicated that their companies are certified to ISO 9001:2008, whereas MBNQA, the EFQM excellence model and Six Sigma are not given much importance. The certification of ISO 9001 facilitates the achievement of better business results and the adoption of TQM practices. However, the length of certification is not associated with the business results. All TQM practices have a significant positive relationship with business results; however, partnership and resources are the best predictors of business results. The implementation of TQM practices is not affected by organisational size. However, it varies across the types of textile companies. The lack of awareness of TQM, managers’ perception of quality as money wasting activity and the implementation of multiple quality improvement programmes are the major issues faced by the sample textile companies during the implementation of quality improvement initiatives.
Wetting state of a crystal-fluid system of hard spheres.

We report on a molecular-dynamics study of the wetting state of a system of hard spheres near a planar hard wall. A direct simulation at the melting point of a two-phase system between two walls develops all the way from complete wetting by fluid via a partial wetting state to a final arrangement of complete wetting by crystal. This implies that a hard-sphere fluid closely approaching coexistence from below should spontaneously crystallize at a smooth hard wall, contrary to existing beliefs
Performance of empirical risk minimization in linear aggregation

We study conditions under which, given a dictionary $F=\{f_1,\ldots ,f_M\}$ and an i.i. d. sample $(X_i,Y_i)_{i=1}^N$, the empirical minimizer in $\operatorname {span}(F)$ relative to the squared loss, satisfies that with high probability \[R\bigl(\tilde{f}^{\mathrm{ERM}}\bigr)\leq\inf_{f\in\operatorname {span}(F)}R(f)+r_N(M),\] where $R(\cdot)$ is the squared risk and $r_N(M)$ is of the order of $M/N$. Among other results, we prove that a uniform small-ball estimate for functions in $\operatorname {span}(F)$ is enough to achieve that goal when the noise is independent of the design.
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: Clues from a Rare Disorder for a Common Problem?

Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a rare disorder with gait disturbance due to a degeneration of the corticospinal tract, sometimes accompanied by involvement of other systems. Out of the 20 loci known so far, eight genes have now been identified, allowing the first molecular and cell studies in the pathophysiology of the disorder. These should also help to understand the function of the corticospinal tract at the molecular level and design strategies to prevent and treat spasticity due to more common causes. The proteins encoded by these genes play a role in development, in signal transduction between axons and myelinating cells, in cellular, particularly axonal trafficking or in energy metabolism. Some of them have actions in several areas of cellular function. Here we review the present knowledge about the genes involved in hereditary spastic paraplegia, a field presently undergoing rapid change. IUBMB Life, 55: 347‐352, 2003
Early Autism Identification

REFERENCES 1. Parikh NA, Lasky RE, Kennedy KA, et al. Postnatal dexamethasone therapy and cerebral tissue volumes in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2007;119:265–272 2. Harrell FE Jr, Lee KL, Mark DB. Multivariable prognostic models: issues in developing models, evaluating assumptions and adequacy, and measuring and reducing errors. Stat Med. 1996;15:361–387 3. Harrell FE Jr. Regression Modeling Strategies. New York, NY: Springer; 2001 4. Katz MH. Mutivariable Analysis: A Practical Guide for Clinicians. 2nd ed. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press; 2002 5. Hosmer D, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2000 6. Hüppi PS, Warfield S, Kikinis R, et al. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of brain development in premature and mature newborns. Ann Neurol. 1998;43:224–235 7. Thompson DK, Warfield SK, Carlin JB, et al. Perinatal risk factors altering regional brain structure in the preterm infant. Brain. 2006;130:667–677 8. A randomized trial of hydrocortisone in very preterm infants at high risk for neurologic and pulmonary impairments. Available at: www.clinicaltrials. gov/ct/show/NCT00167544. Accessed April 9, 2007
Cutting Last Wires for Mobile Communication by Microwave Power Transfer

The advancements in microwave power transfer (MPT) over past decades have enabled wireless power transfer over long distances. The latest breakthroughs in wireless communication, namely massive MIMO, small cells and millimeter-wave communication, make wireless networks suitable platforms for implementing MPT. This can lead to the elimination of the "last wires" connecting mobile devices to the grid for recharging, thereby tackling a long-standing ICT grand challenge. Furthermore, the seamless integration between MPT and wireless communication opens a new area called wirelessly powered communications (WPC) where many new research directions arise e.g., simultaneous information-and-power transfer, WPC network architectures, and techniques for safe and efficient WPC. This article provides an introduction to WPC by describing the key features of WPC, shedding light on a set of frequently asked questions, and identifying the key design issues and discussing possible solutions.
Measuring care coordination: health system and patient perspectives: report prepared for the Main Association of Austrian Social Security Institutions

Report prepared for the Main Association of Austrian Social Security Institutions by Laura Schang MSc, Research Associate, LSE Health Sina Waibel MPH, Research Associate, Health Policy Research Unit, Consortium for Health care and Social Services of Catalonia Sarah Thomson PhD, Senior Lecturer in Health Policy, Department of Social Policy, LSE; Deputy Director, LSE Health; Head of the LSE Hub of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
Knowledge, Skills and Competencies: A Capability Approach and Strategic Implications to Firms

This paper aims at reconsidering knowledge, skills and competencies from a capability perspective while addressing firms’ strategic response. This is a one of recent attempts in addressing capabilities from a two dimensional form. Identifying nature of capabilities (knowledge, skills and competencies) with respect to this classification align them with firms’ strategic growth objectives. This paper has identified four forms of capabilities based on this classification. These include; Localized capabilities, Blocked (sticky) capabilities, Narrow capabilities, Multiplex Capabilities. Though localized capabilities are hard for competitors to imitate, add less value to firms’ growth options. Multiplex capabilities have a possibility to provide firms with multiple growth options but this come at the expense of more risks from competitor’s attempts to imitate, which lead to their value erosion. Responding to a risky nature of multiplex capabilities, firm need to insulate them through ensuring their value generation is contingent on other assets inside the firm.
Pro Forma Compensation: Useful Insight or Window Dressing?

In recent years, companies have begun to voluntarily disclose alternative measures of CEO compensation. These figures differ — sometimes significantly — from those reported in the summary compensation tables of the annual proxy. The motivation to report this information, however, is not entirely clear. A company might disclose adjusted compensation because it believes this measure to be more informative about executive incentives than SEC-designated calculations. Alternatively, it might do so to make its compensation practices and payouts appear more favorable than under SEC rules.We examine this practice in detail, and ask: Are alternative measures of compensation useful in assessing CEO compensation? Does their prevalence indicate shortcomings in SEC standards, or a desire to mislead investors? Are alternative pay calculations beneficial in helping investors understand the relationship between CEO pay and performance? The Closer Look series is a collection of short case studies through which we explore topics, issues, and controversies in corporate governance and executive leadership. In each study, we take a targeted look at a specific issue that is relevant to the current debate on governance and explain why it is so important. Larcker and Tayan are co-authors of the books Corporate Governance Matters and A Real Look at Real World Corporate Governance.
Multiple Brain Gas Embolism After Ingestion of Concentrated Hydrogen Peroxide

We present a 63-year-old man who developed multiple brain infarction after ingesting a 35% hydrogen peroxide solution. Neurologic examination revealed left hemiparesis, primarily affecting the lower limb, and mild weakness of the right lower limb. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI revealed patchy bilateral brain lesions. Oxygen gas embolization is the likely cause of the brain infarctions. NEUROLOGY 1997;48: 277-279
The effect of active video gaming on children's physical activity, behavior preferences and body composition.

Active video game interventions typically provide children a single game that may become unappealing. A peripheral device (jOG) encourages step-powered gaming on multiple games. This trial evaluated the effect of jOG on children's objectively measured PA, body fat and self-reported behaviors. 42 of 58 eligible children (8-10 y) randomly assigned to an intervention (jOG) or control (CON) completed the trial. Intervention children received two jOG devices for home use. Analyses of covariance compared the intervention effect at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. No differences were found between groups for counts per minute (CPM; primary outcome) at 6 and 12 weeks (p > .05). Active video gaming increased (adjusted change 0.95 (95% CI 0.25, 1.65) h·d⁻¹, p <. 01) and sedentary video gaming decreased (-0.34 (-1.24, 0.56) h·d⁻¹, p > . 05) at 6 weeks relative to CON. No body fat changes were observed between groups. Targeted changes in video game use did not positively affect PA. Larger trials are needed to verify the impact of active video games on children's PA and health.
Integrated circuits for multiband multimode receivers

The need for different types of wireless connections to mobile terminals has increased rapidly during the last few years. The mobile terminal must be able to connect to globally existing cellular networks, as well as to different ad-hoc networks. The receivers designed for these terminals must achieve a high integration level and a high level of component sharing to meet the strict size and cost requirements. In addition, the performance of a multimode receiver must be compatible with existing single-system receivers. New process technologies, which use low supply voltages and are optimised for digital circuitry, set additional challenges for future receiver design. Several integrated receiver ICs for the multimode and multiband transceivers have been published to meet these demands. This paper gives a review of these circuit solutions and a brief introduction to the demands set by different systems and receiver architectures for the design of the multimode and multiband receiver
Banks’ disclosure and financial stability (110KB)

Inadequate public disclosure by banks contributed to the financial crisis. This is because investors, unable to judge the risks that banks are bearing, withdraw lending in times of systemic stress. This article presents quantitative indices which allow for the comparison of disclosure between banks and over time. Internationally, disclosure has improved since 2000, particularly around banks’ valuation methods and funding risk. However, more information alone is not sufficient to solve the problem. More needs to be done to ensure that the information provided is useful to investors, and that investors are incentivised to use this information. The ongoing reform agenda aims to address this.
The effect of ruthenium red and concanavalin A on the vitelline surface of fertilized and unfertilized rabbit ova

Fertilized and unfertilized rabbit ova were exposed to ruthenium red with the zona intact or after machanical removal, for the demonstration of mucopolysaccharides on the surface coat. Ova were also exposed to Concanavalin A. Ruthenium red bound strongly to elements of the zona and increased the opacity of the plasmalemma. There was no notable change in staining of the vitellus following fertilization. Although there were ruthenium red stained bodies resembling cortical granules in crypts in the plasmalemma, there was no evidence for cortical granule extrusion of mucopolysaccharides. The Concanavalin reaction was seen over both unfertilized and fertilized ova, demonstrating receptors for terminal α‐D‐mannopyranosyl, α‐D‐glycopyranosyl, β‐D‐fructofuranyosyl residues. The deposit on the fertilized egg surface was enormously enhanced indicating a change in the distribution of receptor sites.
Does Executive Compensation Disclosure Alter Pay at the Expense of Incentives?

According to the "keeping up with the Jones" theory promulgated by compensation consultants, compensation disclosure is responsible for increases in executive pay levels. Jensen and Murphy (1990a), however, contend that disclosure is responsible for a decline in performance pay, as public scrutiny penalizes boards that provide incentives resulting in high payouts. We provide evidence contrary to both theories using data on pay levels and incentives pre- and post-disclosure. Disclosure does not appear to alter pay levels but it does enhance incentives. Our findings suggest failure in managerial incentive contracts when pay is opaque to shareholders.