Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Irrigation and Debridement with Component Retention for Acute Infection After Hip Arthroplasty: Improved Results with Contemporary Management

Background: There are conflicting data on the results of irrigation and debridement with component retention in patients with acute periprosthetic hip infections. The goals of this study were to examine contemporary results of irrigation and debridement with component retention for acute infection after primary hip arthroplasty and to identify host, organism, antibiotic, or implant factors that predict success or failure. Methods: Ninety hips (57 total hip arthroplasties and 33 hemiarthroplasties) were diagnosed with acute periprosthetic hip infection (using strict criteria) and were treated with irrigation and debridement and component retention between 2000 and 2012. The mean follow-up was 6 years. Patients were stratified on the basis of McPherson criteria. Hips were managed with irrigation and debridement and retention of well-fixed implants with modular head and liner exchange (70%) or irrigation and debridement alone (30%). Seventy-seven percent of patients were treated with chronic antibiotic suppression. Failure was defined as failure to eradicate infection, characterized by a wound fistula, drainage, intolerable pain, or infection recurrence caused by the same organism strain; subsequent removal of any component for infection; unplanned second wound debridement for ongoing deep infection; and/or occurrence of periprosthetic joint infection-related mortality. Results: Treatment failure occurred in 17% (15 of 90 hips), with component removal secondary to recurrent infection in 10% (9 of 90 hips). Treatment failure occurred in 15% (10 of 66 hips) after early postoperative infection and 21% (5 of 24 hips) after acute hematogenous infection (p = 0.7). Patients with McPherson host grade A had a treatment failure rate of 8%, compared with 16% (p = 0.04) in host grade B and 44% in host grade C (p = 0.006). Most treatment failures (12 of 15 failures) occurred within the initial 6 weeks of treatment; failures subsequent to 6 weeks occurred in 3% of those treated with chronic antibiotic suppression compared with 11% of those who were not treated with suppression (hazard ratio, 4.0; p = 0.3). Conclusions: The success rate was higher in this contemporary series than in many previous series. Systemic host grade A was predictive of treatment success. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Breast Cancer Heterogeneity: A focus on Epigenetics and In Vitro 3D Model Systems

Breast cancer (BC) is a widely prevalent form of neoplasia in women with fairly alarming mortality statistics. This aspect may be attributed, in part, to the current spatial and temporal heterogeneity-based limitations in therapies with possible recurrence of this tumour at primary and/or secondary sites. Such an extensive phenotypic heterogeneity in breast cancer is unlikely to be adequately or completely comprehended by an immuno-histopathology-based classification alone. This finding has warranted research and development in the area of microarray-based methods (i.e. transcriptomic and proteomic chips) for an improved molecular classification of this complex and heterogeneous tumour. Further, since epigenetics can also be an important determinant in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, this review provides an insight into the molecular portrait of BC in genetic and epigenetic terms. Specifically, the roles of characteristic DNA and histone-based modifications as well as mi-RNA- based alterations have been discussed with specific examples. Also, their involvement in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been outlined. Last but not least, the salient aspects and the advantages of ex vivo/in vitro 3D model systems in recapitulating several aspects of BC tumour (particularly the architecture as well as the apico-basal polarity) are mentioned. This review hopes to provide not only an improved and updated understanding of the epigenetics of breast cancer, but to also elaborate on tumour model development/refinement, biomarker evaluation, drug resistance and test of individual drugs or drug combinations and drug delivery systems.
Partial resection of the middle turbinate during endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis does not lead to an increased risk of empty nose syndrome: a cohort study of a tertiary practice

The treatment of the middle turbinate (MT) during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains a contentious issue with arguments both for and against its resection. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical impact of partial MT resection (PMTR) during ESS, paying particular attention to the risk of developing empty nose syndrome (ENS) and alteration to olfaction.
Layout heuristics for graphical representations of programs

A layout problem is formulated for two-column graphs, and a layout algorithm, referred to as an insertion algorithm, for the two-column graph problem is presented. In addition, two variants of the algorithm are presented: dynamic insertion and delta insertion algorithms. The layout algorithms are implemented and experiments performed in order to compared their performance to existing layout algorithms for hierarchical graphs (i.e., exchanging and averaging algorithms). The experimental results show that the insertion method produces significantly better layouts compared to the existing methods. The method has been implemented in two software tools for the development and maintenance of programs, VIC and VIFOR (Visual Interactive C and FORTRAN 77, respectively). <<ETX>>
An approach to real-time position estimation at zero and low speed for a PM motor based on saliency

This paper presents a magnetic saliency based position estimation approach for a PM motor fed by a voltage-source PWM inverter. The proposed real-time estimation algorithm detects the motor current harmonics and calculates the inductance matrix including the rotor position information. The position estimation can be performed every period of pulse-width-modulation or carrier cycle. An experimental system using an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor has been constructed. Experimental results verify that the position estimation within 10 degrees in electrical angle is obtained at standstill and such an extremely low-speed as 1 r/min by the proposed approach.
Required network size for system simulations in UMTS FDD uplink

This paper investigates the minimum network size for system simulations in UMTS FDD uplink that is required to yield reliable results of system performance, e.g. system capacity for multi-service operation. The yardstick for answering this question are the probability distributions of the interference at the base station as well as in the individual cells. These are found by studying various network configurations with a Monte Carlo simulation approach that keeps simulation time low. Published link-level results of required E/sub b//(N/sub 0/+I/sub 0/) serve as input to the simulator that handles multi-service scenarios with both speech and data users with different data rates of up to 384 kbit/s. Soft handover (SHO), transmit power control (TPC), variable antenna pattern at the BS and variable user distributions are included. A 19-site network turns out to be necessary and sufficient for single-site investigations. A 7-site network, though taking only 1/8 of simulation time, underestimates interference by several dB. Owing to its modular architecture, the simulator lends itself to any kind of system performance investigations in an FDD uplink.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF USING PROFESSOR-DEVELOPED VIDEO TO TEACH WEB-BASED QUANTITATIVE METHODS COURSES

In this paper, we present an exploratory study of student satisfaction and performance in online quantitative methods courses in which professordeveloped video are a primary teaching vehicle. While video has been used extensively as a teaching tool, the literature review found little evidence of the use of professor-developed video in online quantitative methods courses. We propose that professor-developed video used in online courses offers some significant benefits such as enhanced learning, increased course satisfaction, increased faculty productivity, and intellectual property right protection. The benefits are enhanced for courses that teach spreadsheet-based analytical techniques or similar uses of software. Results from course evaluations and student surveys support our proposition of enhanced learning and increased course satisfaction.
Infovis and Statistical Graphics: Different Goals, Different Looks

The importance of graphical displays in statistical practice has been recognized sporadically in the statistical literature over the past century, with wider awareness following Tukey's Exploratory Data Analysis and Tufte's books in the succeeding decades. But statistical graphics still occupy an awkward in-between position: within statistics, exploratory and graphical methods represent a minor subfield and are not well integrated with larger themes of modeling and inference. Outside of statistics, infographics (also called information visualization or Infovis) are huge, but their purveyors and enthusiasts appear largely to be uninterested in statistical principles. We present here a set of goals for graphical displays discussed primarily from the statistical point of view and discuss some inherent contradictions in these goals that may be impeding communication between the fields of statistics and Infovis. One of our constructive suggestions, to Infovis practitioners and statisticians alike, is to try not to cram into a single graph what can be better displayed in two or more. We recognize that we offer only one perspective and intend this article to be a starting point for a wide-ranging discussion among graphic designers, statisticians, and users of statistical methods. The purpose of this article is not to criticize but to explore the different goals that lead researchers in different fields to value different aspects of data visualization.
Register Mapping and Register Function Cutting out Implementation in Binary Translation

How to migrate binary code between different ISA efficiently is a difficult problem in binary translation. This paper analyzes this problem at the aspect of register mapping and an innovative register mapping method combining segment mapping and function cutting out of special-purpose register has been presented in this paper. An implementation of the method has been done on trend, which is a dynamic binary translation system translating and executing binary code of PowerPC on Alpha. The testing results of NPB-serial and SPEC2000 show that the method can simplify instruction translation, decrease code expanding and improve the execution efficiency
On beamforming in presence of multipath

We consider a source radiated signal arriving at an array as a group of wavefronts, each having a different angle of arrival and with arbitrary amplitude, phase and inter wavefront correlation. Several such sources may be present and the measurement data is assumed to be corrupted by sensor to sensor uncorrelated noise. The task of the beamformer is to make optimal estimates of each source signal of interest by using the information in all the wavefronts generated by the source. The proposed processor begins with no apriori information about the environment and constructs the optimal beamformer by a bootstrapping approach which uses a two tier eigenstructure analysis of the array covariance. We show that this new beamformer has substantial advantages over the usual optimal beamformers and present results of computer simulation carried out to verify its performance.
Simulation study of the capacity bounds in cellular systems

We investigate the capacity of cellular systems. In particular, we study how the reuse factor can be improved given the knowledge of the mobiles' locations; i.e., we evaluate the minimum number of channels required to support a cellular infrastructure with a given number of mobiles in each cell. We assume that the mobiles' locations are sampled from the uniform random distribution or are fixed on a uniform grid. Moreover, we show the effect of a number of parameters, such as the number of mobiles per cell, the minimum allowable signal-to-interference ratio, and limited knowledge of mobile location. The assumption of a single interferer, used in our study, is also justified.
An approach to automate test case generation from structured use cases

The software requirements phase of software development is perhaps the most important phase of the entire software process. Problems with requirements can be costly, cause system failure, or terminate many projects. The importance of this phase on the final software product cannot be understated because the primary measure of success for a software product is the degree to which it meets the expectations of the stakeholders. Despite the importance of the software requirements process, software engineers spend too little time performing this important task. Creating formal models and test cases from a use case model is typically a manual process. Test cases can be generated manually from use cases, which is why we chose to represent software requirements as use cases. Testing teams can leverage use cases to generate test cases and get an early start. Developers can start creating test cases after use cases are available; however, few actually do it. In this dissertation, we present an automated approach to generate test cases from structured use cases. We describe how we document the requirements in XML as structured use cases and how test cases are automatically generated from the XML use cases. We describe how we check and guarantee certain test coverage measures. Finally, to illustrate our approach, we present an application example in the video store domain.
Reading news for information: How much vocabulary a CFL learner should know

This paper reports the findings of a corpus-based study on the vocabulary used in journalistic Chinese. Based on a 20-million character corpus with more than 27,000 news texts collected between mid-2003 and the end of 2004 from various Chinese media sources in different countries and regions, a character frequency list and three word and phrase frequency lists with two, three and four-characters were compiled. With reference to a consolidated 140- thousand vocabulary list from six manually edited word and phrase lists in the public domain, we estimate that the number of two- to four-character words and phrases used in journalistic Chinese is between 80,000 and 90,000. Based on our estimate about vocabulary size and usage in journalistic Chinese, we suggest that CFL learners should first focus on around 20,000 high to medium frequency words and phrases if they want to develop basic ability in Chinese news reading. Further, exposure to around 70,000 low frequency vocabulary is needed if they want to develop full proficiency in Chinese news reading.
Using Slowmation to Engage Preservice Elementary Teachers in Understanding Science Content Knowledge

Slow motion animation ("slowmation") is a new teaching approach that uses a simple animation process to engage learners in creating their own comprehensive animations of science concepts. In this paper, preservice elementary teachers used slowmation, a form of stop-motion animation, to make models of science concepts and take digital still photos as the models were manually manipulated in the horizontal plane. A range of materials can be used, and the animations are played in slow motion at two frames per second. Importantly, the preservice teachers provided pedagogical prompts, such as narration, diagrams, music, and factual text in their animations to help explain concepts. Preservice elementary teachers learned how to create slowmations in their science method course and then made their own comprehensive examples in an assignment to represent a science concept. Slowmation is a use of technology that generates a "real need" for preservice teachers to understand science content so that they can represent and explain it accurately in their animation.
Simple and low-cost polymer lens fabrication using a pressure-driven micro chamber

In this paper, a low-cost lens fabrication method using a micro chamber produced by a three-dimensional (3-D) printer is presented. The shape of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane was controlled by adjusting the pressure inside the chamber. On top of the shaped membrane, an ultraviolet-curable resin was poured. Depending on the pressure inside the chamber and the shape of the chamber lid, three types of lenses could be made: a bi-convex lens, a plano-convex lens, and a concave lens. This method can reduce the cost of making pilot or evaluation devices in healthcare service.
Robust och noggrant positioneringssystem baserat på avståndsmätningar mellan mobila noder - Kandidatarbete inom Data- och informationsteknik

Det existerar ett flertal applikationer dar kannedom om anvandarens position anvands, dessa tillampningar ar i manga fall baserade pa GPS-systemet. Problem kan dock uppsta da GPS-signalen inte alltid ar tillganglig, exempel pa detta kan vara i stadsmiljoer med hoga byggnader eller inomhus i parkeringshus eller lagerbyggnader. Eftersom GPS inte lampar sig i realtidsapplikationer dar krav satts pa noggrannhet i avseende pa positionsuppskattning, syftar detta arbete till att implementera ett positioneringssystem baserat pa inbordes avstandsmatningar mellan noder. Litteraturen inom omradet antar att ett protokoll for medium access control (MAC) existerar och darmed att inga datakollisioner uppstar, pa sa satt kan alla noder i systemet utfora avstandsmatningar samtidigt. Dessa implementationer anvander sig oftast av ett MAC-lager som har en oforutsagbar fordrojning. Oforutsagbar fordrojning ar ett stort problem for positioneringssystem som ska fungera i realtid. Kandidatarbetet utvecklade tva MAC-algoritmer anpassade for olika hardvarukonfigurationer, bada ar sjalvstabiliserande, sjalvkonfigurerande samt sjalvorganiserande. De testresultat som presenteras visar att den implementerade algoritmen endast beror pa antalet mobila noder i systemet och darmed ar helt deterministisk. Vidare har aven ett filter som bestammer den mobila nodens position, genom att kombinera sensordata med information fran avstandsmatningarna, skapats. Dessa resultat kommer att underlatta for framtida utveckling inom realtids styrsystem som exempelvis obemannade fordon eller raddningsenheter som behover veta exakt position av dess personal.
Antibioterapia profiláctica en la artroplastia de cadera. Estudio de cohortes

RESUMEN Introducción La infección de herida quirúrgica (IHQ) es la principal causa de infección nosocomial en pacientes quirúrgicos, siendo la profilaxis antibiótica uno de los factores más importantes para su prevención. En este trabajo se evaluó la adecuación de la profilaxis antibiótica en la artroplastia de cadera de acuerdo a la pauta establecida en nuestro centro y el efecto en la IHQ. Material y métodos Se realizó un estudio de cohortes prospectivo entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2016. Se evaluó el grado de adecuación de la profilaxis antibiótica en cirugía de artroplastia de cadera. Se estudió la incidencia de IHQ tras un periodo máximo de 90 días. El efecto de la inadecuación de la profilaxis antibiótica en la incidencia de IHQ se evaluó con el riesgo relativo (RR) ajustado mediante un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 681 pacientes. La incidencia global de IHQ fue del 4% (IC 95%: 2,5-5,5). La profilaxis antibiótica se administró en el 99% de los casos, con una adecuación al protocolo del 74%. La causa más frecuente de inadecuación fue la duración de la profilaxis, con un 22,2% (149 pacientes). El efecto de la inadecuación de la profilaxis sobre la incidencia de infección fue de RRajustado=0,47; IC95%: 0,19-1,17) (p>0,05). Conclusiones La adecuación de la profilaxis antibiótica fue alta. No se encontró asociación entre adecuación de la profilaxis y la incidencia de infección en artroplastia de cadera. La vigilancia de la infección quirúrgica permite medir su incidencia y evaluar sus factores de riesgo.
Performance Analysis of Enhanced Adaptive Logic Module for High Performance FPGA Architecture

The Enhanced Adaptive Logic Module for High Performance Field Programmable Gate Array Architecture has been designed to increase the speed and reduces the device utilization of FPGA Architecture. The existing altera based adaptive logic module has eight input critical path look up tables. That means six inputs are given directly to the one Lookup table and two inputs are given to the other LUT by shorting any two from the first LUT of that six inputs. So that the delays has been increased. The proposed EALM has 8 fracturable direct input LUT, so eight input logic function can be implement by using this module with high speed than the altera based ALM. In this method only one LUT is used and it produces single output. Thus there is no need of carry logic, so that the area has been reduced and increases the speed. And FPGA architecture is formed by combining four adaptive logic modules using programmable interconnect array. Enhanced adaptive logic module is introduced in that architecture instead of adaptive logic module and the performance is analyzed. The adaptive logic modules and enhanced adaptive logic modules of field programmable gate array architecture has been designed and simulated by using Xilinx ISE 12.1.
Bounding of switching activity in logic circuits

The thesis presents algorithms, implementation, and results of a new method based on constraint resolution for finding an upper bound on switching activity in the combinational part of a synchronous sequential circuit. The obtained switching activity is the major component for computing circuit power consumption (peak power) and several reliability parameters (e.g., voltage drops in power busses, electromigration). It is a static (input-pattern independent) method. The constraint system representing the circuit is built of constraints defined by gates and the operating environment of the circuit. The variables of the constraint system are all possible waveforms abstracted into four classes and expressed as sets of transitions for each unit of discrete time. The constraints of the constraint system are derived from the gates. Each gate is translated into a projection function which constrains each of its terminals based on the values on all other terminals independently of the netlist distinction between gate inputs and outputs. The method rapidly computes an upper bound on the switching activity. The bound is further tightened by case analysis. Two major techniques were used to capture a global picture of the circuit and use this acquired information to speed up or improve the analysis. They are reconvergent region analysis and global learning. The method has two major applications: estimation of peak power and estimation of peak current. Both application were tested with our C++ implementation on ISCAS'85 benchmark circuits and the quality of the results for different heuristics was compared. The results show that each heuristic is more suitable for a different type of circuit. The method was also compared with exhaustive simulation on a set of MCNC circuits. The current implementation supports the fixed gate delay model and shares most of the code with a timing verification method based on constraint resolution. The performance is further improved by a parallel implementation of the case analysis on a network of inexpensive workstations. Our C++ implementation shows speedup of 8 on a homogeneous network of 10 workstations, and 47 on a heterogeneous network of 87 workstations. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)