Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caractérisation moléculaire et biochimique de la formation du bois de coeur chez le noyer noir (Juglans nigra L.) : accumulation des flavonoïdes et expression des gènes contrôlant leur biosynthèse

Le principal objectif de cette these a ete d'identifier les genes controlant la qualite du bois de noyer. La formation du bois de coeur contribue a la couleur et la durabilite naturelle du bois. Ce processus physiologique a ete etudie au niveau biochimique et moleculaire chez des arbres matures de Jugions nigra. La dynamique temporelle de l'expansion du bois de coeur, l'accumulation de flavonoides et l'expression des genes codant pour les enzymes de la biosynthese des favonoides ont ete etudie a partir d'echantillons de xyleme du tronc de Juglans nigra. Les protocoles pour l'extraction d'ARN ont ete optimises pour les echantillons de xyleme tres âges et des fragments d'ADNc correspondants aux genes etudies ont ete clones a partir du xyleme de Juglans nigra afin d'obtenir des sondes homologues. La comparaison entre les echantillons collectes a differentes saisons suggere que le nouveau bois de coeur soit forme principalement en ete. Chez tous les arbres etudies, des phenols solubles etaient accumules durant le vieillissement des cernes de xyleme. Des flavanols etaient fortement accumules dans la zone de transition entre l'aubier et le bois de coeur, suggerant que leur biosynthese soit activee en concomitance avec la formation du bois de coeur. Les teneurs en flavanols dans le xyleme correlaient avec le niveau d'expression des genes codant pour les enzymes chalcone synthase (CRS), flavanol 3-hydroxylase (F3R) et dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) (voie des f1avonoides). Au contraire, le patron d'expression des genes codant pour les enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-Iyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4R) et coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) (voie generale des phenylpropanoides) n'etaient pas correles avec la distribution des flavanols bien que les genes PAL etaient fortement exprimes dans la zone de transition. La comparaison des niveaux des transcrits, des quantites de proteines et des activites catalytiques relatives a PAL et CRS suggerait que les activites de ces enzymes aient des differents modes de regulation. L'activite de la PAL pourrait etre regulee au niveau post-transcriptionnel tandis que l'activite de la CRS serait principalement regulee au niveau transcriptionnel. L'ensemble des resultats indique que, chez Jugions nigro, les flavanols sont synthetise de novo dans le xyleme âge, specialement durant la transformation de l'aubier en bois de coeur. L'accumulation des flavanols apparait etre regulee principalement au niveau transcriptionnel par l'expression des genes codant pour la CRS, F3R et DFR.
Functional gene networks based on the gene neighborhood in metagenomes

ABSTRACT The gene neighborhood in prokaryotic genomes has been effectively utilized in inferring co-functional networks in various organisms. Previously, such genomic context information has been sought among completely assembled prokaryotic genomes. Here, we present a method to infer functional gene networks according to the gene neighborhood in metagenome contigs, which are incompletely assembled genomic fragments. Given that the amount of metagenome sequence data has now surpassed that of completely assembled prokaryotic genomes in the public domain, we expect benefits of inferring networks by the metagenome-based gene neighborhood. We generated co-functional networks for diverse taxonomical species using metagenomics contigs derived from the human microbiome and the ocean microbiome. We found that the networks based on the metagenome gene neighborhood outperformed those based on 1748 completely assembled prokaryotic genomes. We also demonstrated that the metagenome-based gene neighborhood could predict genes related to virulence-associated phenotypes in a bacterial pathogen, indicating that metagenome-based functional links could be sufficiently predictive for some phenotypes of medical importance. Owing to the exponential growth of metagenome sequence data in public repositories, metagenome-based inference of co-functional networks will facilitate understanding of gene functions and pathways in diverse species.
Management of an emerging pest, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), with pesticides in eastern Ethiopia

Outbreak of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, happened on potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) in eastern Ethiopia in 2014 and effective pesticides as part of IPM practice were sought from greenhouse and laboratory experiments at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify pesticides with the highest efficacy against the mite. Potatoes infested with mites were used in the efficacy trial. Treatments, 9 pesticides and a control, were applied 2 times at weekly intervals. Mites per leaf before and after each spray were counted. Promising pesticides were further screened with leaf-disc spray, and dip methods. Adult mortality was recorded after 24 and 48 hours. Chlorantrniliprole + Lambda-cyhalothrin, Amitraz, Profenofos, Profenofos “Q” 720 g l-1, and Paraffin oil showed superior efficacy on eggs and mobile stages; though Paraffin’s efficacy became clear 14 days later. Paraffin had the lowest mortality in leaf-disc sprays, but better mortality in the leaf-disc dip. This was attributed to complete wetting by the latter. Chlorantrniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, Profenofos, Profenofos “Q” and Paraffin were identified as promising pesticides for the two spotted spider mite management on potato. Key Words: Pesticides, potato, two spotted spider mite
Membrane binding of disordered plant dehydrins is tuned by phosphorylation and coordination of Ca2+ and Zn2+ ions.

Dehydrins are intrinsically disordered plant stress-proteins. Repetitively in their sequence are some highly conserved stretches of 7-17 residues, the so called K-, S-, Y- and lysine rich segments. This thesis aims to give insight into the possible role dehydrins have in the stressed plant cell with main focus on membrane interaction and protection. The work includes four recombinant dehydrins from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana: Cor47 (SK3), Lti29 (SK3), Lti30 (K6) and Rab18 (Y2SK2). Initially, we mimicked crowded cellular environment in vitro to verify that dehydrins are truly disordered proteins. Thereafter, the proposal that the compulsory K-segment determines membrane binding was tested. Experiments show that only Lti30 and Rab18 bind, whereas Cor47 and Lti29 does not. As Lti30 and Rab18 binds they assembles vesicles into clusters in vitro, a feature used to characterize the interaction. From this it was shown that membrane binding of Lti30 is electrostatic and determined by global as well as local charges. Protonation of histidine pairs flanking the K-segments works as an on/off-binding switch. By NMR studies it was shown that the K-segments form a dynamic α-helix upon binding, so called disorder-to-order behaviour. Also, dehydrins electrostatic interaction with lipids can be further tuned by posttranslational phosphorylation or coordination of calcium and zinc ions.Finally, specific binding of Rab18 to inositol lipids, mainly PI(4,5)P2, is reported. The interaction is mainly coordinated by two arginines neighboring one of the K-segments. In conclusion, the K-segments are indeed involved in the binding of dehydrins to membrane but only in combination with extensions (Lti30) or modified (Rab18).
Etude du chaperon moléculaire Hsp90 chez la bactérie modèle Shewanella oneidensis

Les chaperons moleculaires sont des proteines qui permettent le repliement correct de la plupart des proteines. Ces proteines chaperons sont presentes chez tous les etres vivants, des bacteries a l’homme. Parmi ces proteines chaperons, il existe une classe de proteines fortement exprimees dans la cellule en condition de stress. Elles sont nommees les Hsp (« Heat-shock proteins ») et l’une des plus connues est la proteine Hsp90. Le fonctionnement de la proteine Hsp90 est tres etudie chez les eucaryotes. On sait notamment que Hsp90 est essentiel a la viabilite des cellules et que ce chaperon aide au repliement de plus de 300 proteines clientes. En revanche, la proteine Hsp90 des procaryotes est peu caracterisee et on connait mal son fonctionnement au sein de la cellule. De plus, aucun phenotype majeur n’avait ete observe chez les procaryotes. Mes travaux ont permis de montrer que la proteine Hsp90 est essentielle en conditions de stress thermique chez la bacterie Shewanella oneidensis. Cette bacterie marine est retrouvee dans de multiples niches ecologiques et possede donc une grande capacite a s’adapter a des stress environnementaux, notamment aux changements de temperature. Le choix de ce modele bacterien s’avere donc crucial pour l’etude de la proteine Hsp90. De plus, une nouvelle proteine cliente (TilS) de Hsp90 a ete identifiee en utilisant le phenotype de croissance comme crible genetique. Cette proteine TilS est indispensable et connue pour permettre la maturation d’ARN de transfert. Par differentes approches in vivo et in vitro, j’ai montre que Hsp90 et TilS interagissent, notamment que Hsp90 empeche la degradation et l’agregation de la proteine TilS. Enfin, je me suis interessee a la proteine YbbN de S. oneidensis dont la sequence codante est proche du gene hsp90. Comme YbbN est decrite pour avoir une fonction chaperon chez d’autres bacteries, il est donc interessant d’etudier sa fonction chez S. oneidensis et definir si YbbN est un cochaperon de Hsp90 ou si les deux chaperons peuvent collaborer. Par differentes techniques, j’ai montre que les deux proteines YbbN et Hsp90 interagissent in vivo et in vitro. Des etudes supplementaires seront necessaires pour une meilleure comprehension du role de YbbN chez cette bacterie. En conclusion, l’etude de la proteine Hsp90 chez S. oneidensis a donc permis une avancee majeure dans la comprehension du fonctionnement et du role de cette proteine chez les procaryotes.
Comparative approach to analyse the effects of different surface treatments on CAD/CAM resin nanoceramics–resin composite repair bond strength

ABSTRACT Limited data are available on the repair bond strength between computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin nanoceramics and composite repair materials. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the influence of several different surface treatment modalities, intermediate agents and phosphoric acid on the shear bond strength (SBS) of repair composites with water-aged CAD/CAM resin nanoceramics. Three pretreatment and four conditioning methods comprised 12 different groups. A universal testing machine was used to test the SBS. Specimens were examined with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope to determine the fracture mode. The results showed that a combination of the pretreatment and conditioning methods significantly enhanced the SBS of the resin nanoceramic (p:0.001; p < 0.01), while etching with phosphoric acid did not affect the SBS (p:0.841; p > 0.05). This study showed that surface pretreatment in combination with a conditioning method should be used in the repair of CAD/CAM nanoceramics. The highest SBS values were achieved by grinding the surface with a diamond bur followed by silane and adhesive application, whereas the lowest values were obtained in the non-conditioned non-pretreated group.
Determination of fecundity, weight – fecundity relationship, oocyte diameter and sex ratio of polychaete Perinereis nuntia in the coastal waters of Persian Gulf (Bandar Abbas, Iran)

هدیکچ راترپ مرک Perinereis nuntia پ ياهوگیم يزاسدلوم تهج هدنز ياهاذغ نیرت بسانم زا یکی رسارس رد هدیئان ایند یم بوسحم دوش . ور شیپ قیقحت رد راترپ مرک یتخانش تسیز تایصوصخ یخرب P. nuntia ، دننام ،يرواـمه ،یـسنج تبسن يرواـمه هـطبار قـلطم و نزو اـب کمخت رطق نینچمه تفرگ رارق یسررب دروم . هنومن يرادرـب ،هـناهام تروـص هـب و هلاـس کـی هرود کـی رد زا يد 1391 اـت رذآ 1392 رد 3 رد یلحاس هاگتسیا رهش سابعردنب تروص تفرگ . ناشن جیاتن هک داد هب هجوت اب Semelparous ک نیا ندوب تـیعمج هراـبکی تـفا و راترپ مر هام رد نیغلاب دادرخ ، شیب رت هام رد یگدنز هلاس کی هرود رد هدام و رن نیغلاب یناوارف دصرد نی ياه دنفسا ، نیدرورـف و تـشهبیدرا یـم دـشاب . هدام هب رن یسنج تبسن 1:1 دش هبساحم . مک رت و نی شیب رت نازیم هب بیترت هب يروامه نی 49006 خت ددع نزو اب مرک هب طوبرم کم 642 یـلیم و مرگ 393245 برم کمخت ددع نزو اب مرک هب طو 1626 یلیم دوب مرگ . بیترت نیا هب يروامه نیگنایم بآ رد راترپ مرک نیا يارب یلحاس ياه سابعردنب 94716 ± 192344 دش هبساحم غلاب مرک ره يازا هب کمخت ددع . يارب نزو و قلطم يروامه هطبار 200 مرک ددع راترپ هعلاطم دروم تروص هب 74904 – X 42 / 255 = y یگتسبمه بیرض اب 736 / 0 دیدرگ هبساحم . نینچمه شیـب رـت رـطق نیگناـیم نی ت رد مرـک هـب طوـبرم کـمخ یسنج یگدیسر هلحرم نیرخآ ) م هلحر 4 ( نازیم هب و 255 رتمورکیم دوب . هک داد ناشن ینونک شهوژپ جیاتن زا راـترپ مرـک هـنوگ نـیا يرواـمه لااب رایسب ی ی یم هجیتن رد و هدوب رادروخرب تهج یبسانم هنوگ دناوت شرورپ و ریثکت ددرگ بوسحم .
GENOTOXICITY OF DIAZINON IN MALE ALBINO RATS FED ON DIET SUPPLEMENT WITH CHITOSAN

In order to determine the genotoxic effects of diazinon and the role of chitosan to neutralize these effects, our study performed in (24) male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into four groups and treated for (60) days as following, group (A) treated with normal saline and served as control, group (B) treated with [(1/10LD50) 3.8mg/kg. bw] of diazinon, group (C) treated with [(1/10LD50) 3.8mg/kg. bw] of diazinon and fed on diet supplement containing (1gram/1kg ration) chitosan, group (D) fed on diet supplement containing (1gram/1kg ration) chitosan only. The genotoxic effect of diazinon was evaluated by using the micronucleus assay showed increasing of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were (11.6%) in group B, while (7%) in group C . The chromosomal aberration showed increase of presence of chromosomal aberration in group B was (7.5±1.04), while in the group C showed mild elevation in (3.25±0.8). The polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes showed highly incidence of both genes polymorphism in group B was (66.6%) while group C was (50%) . we concluded that diazinon is genotoxic pesticide and chitosan ameliorate it effects. Bas.J.Vet.Res.Vol.1,No.2. 2014. SIS Impact Factors:0.792 ,ISI Impact Factor:3.259
Foliar Applications of Protein Hydrolysate, Plant and Seaweed Extracts Increase Yield but Differentially Modulate Fruit Quality of Greenhouse Tomato

The current research aimed 1) at evaluating the effects of three biostimulants (legume-derived protein hydrolysate, PH; plant and seaweed extract, PE and SWE) on yield performance and nutritional quality, mineral proﬁling, antioxidant activities, lycopene, total phenols and ascorbic acid of greenhouse tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) under soil culture and 2) to assess the economic proﬁtability of biostimulant applications. Plants were sprayed four times during the growing cycle with a solution containing 1, 3, and 3 mL · L L 1 of PE, SWE, and PH, respectively. Foliar applications of biostimulants improved the early and total marketable yield of fresh tomato. The increase of total yield by PE, SWE, and PH was 11.7%, 6.6% and 7.0%, respectively, in comparison with untreated plants. Legume-derived PH increased lycopene, total soluble solids, and K and Mg contents, thereby increasing the nutritional value of the fruits. The applications
The characterisation of NK cells generated in vitro from cord blood haematopoietic stem cells

Natural Killer (NK) cells are effective at targeting malignant cells without being direct effectors of graft-versus-host disease. NK cell immunotherapy has been shown to be safe in the clinic however efficacy has been inconsistent. We have previously shown that NK cells can be produced in large quantities from frozen cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells. We hypothesised that producing NK cells with optimum activation status that can proliferate and persist in vivo is fundamental for the development of a clinically relevant cellular product. Here, we assess if the cells can further respond to additional cytokine stimulation and if function is maintained post cryopreservation. Further, we consider how cell cytotoxicity compares to peripheral blood (PB) NK cells and CBNK cells against patient acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) blasts and solid tumours and which activation method is superior. We found that the differentiated NK cells could respond to interleukin-2 and proliferate in vitro and that their function was unaffected by cryopreservation. The differentiated NK cells could kill leukaemic cells and more importantly could persist for longer and in higher numbers in vivo over other sources of NK cells. Priming the cells consistently led to higher levels of killing of patient leukaemic blasts and solid tumour cell lines in vitro, however this activation step was not required to observe killing of patient AML blasts in vivo. This implies that the cells might not require prior activation before infusion resulting in a more economical cellular therapy that is more easily translatable to the clinic. We are therefore able to generate and cryopreserve NK cells differentiated from CB CD34+ cells in high numbers allowing for multiple infusions of highly cytotoxic NK 5 cells that have potential to further proliferate in vivo and have a clear survival advantage over other sources of NK cells.
Railway lines affect spatial turnover of pollinator communities in an agricultural landscape

Landscape composition and spatial configuration of habitat patches are important determinants of biodiversity in fragmented semi‐natural habitats spread across agricultural landscapes. However, little attention has been paid to man‐made structures that can moderate spatial processes affecting pollinator communities. In a large‐scale study, we explored the importance of railway embankments for the turnover of pollinator species in agricultural landscapes. Because species differ in vulnerability to landscape composition and patch configuration, we also accounted for body size as well as food specialization of pollinators.
Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic and Renal Protective Activities of Garcinia indica Linn. Clusiaceae

To investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and renal protective activities of the aqueous and ethanol extract of Garcinia indica fruit rinds against alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Wistar rats were made diabetic by a single dose of alloxan hydrate [130 mg/kg i.p.]. After the successful induction of experimental diabetes, rats were divided into five groups each comprising a minimum of six rats. The effects of extracts and glibenclamide on fasting blood glucose, plasma lipid levels and renal profile were examined for 21 days. Blood glucose levels and biochemical parameters such as serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, urea and creatinine levels of rats were measured using on weekly intervals i.e day 0, 7, 14 and 21 after daily administration of all extracts at dose of 500 mg/kg. Statistical analysis was performed using Dunnett’s test. p less than 0.01 was taken as the criterion of significance. Oral administration of both aqueous and ethanol extract for 21 days caused a significant [p less than 0.01] reduction in blood glucose levels, lipid profile except HDL; urea and creatinine in diabetic rats. Garcinia indica fruit rind possesses antihyperglycemic activity as well improves total lipid levels and renal profile. It can justify folklore uses of the plant in diabetes.
Efficacy of Sacubitril/Valsartan in the treatment of chronic heart failure in elderly patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Sacubitril/Valsartan in the treatment of chronic heart failure in elderly patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods A total of 126 elderly patients with dilated cardiomyopathy-induced chronic heart failure who were treated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were enrolled and randomly divided into the experimental group(n=62)and the control group(n=64). All patients were given a standard heart failure treatment, and the experimental group underwent sacubitril/valsartan(100 mg Bid)and the control group received benazepril(10 mg Qd)additionally for 12 months.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), six-minute walk test(6MWT)and major adverse cardiovascular events(mortality and readmission for heart failure)were compared between the two groups. Results Of 126 elderly patients, 73 patients(57.9%)were male, and 53 were female, with a mean ±SD age of(67.2±5.8)years.Basic characteristics, including age, gender, clinical history of hypertension and diabetes, LVEF, NT-proBNP and 6MWT, showed no significant difference between two groups(P 0.05). In the experimental group, LVEF, NT-proBNP level and 6MWT were significantly improved in post-treatment versus pre-treatment(P>0.05). And LVEF, NT-proBNP level and 6MWT were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group[(38.5±3.1)% vs.(36.9±3.0)%, (744.5±246.7)ng/L vs.(983.3±326.1)ng/L, (323.4±60.5)m vs.(283.5±45.9)m, P 0.05). Conclusions Compared with benazepril, sacubitril/valsartan can improve the left ventricular function and exercise tolerance, and reduce the readmission rate due to chronic heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.However, more studies are needed to assess the effects of sacubitril/valsartanthe on the prognosis of advanced elderly patients(>88 years old)who have a preserved LVEF and a chronic end-stage heart failure(NYHA Ⅳ), and start the drug administration at different time points(before or after discharge). Key words: Cardiomyopathy, dilated; Heart failure; Sacubitril/Valsartan
Field incidence of mealybugs and its parasitization by encyrtids in various crop ecosystems.

Field incidence of mealybugs and its parasitization by encyrtids were carried out at Annamalainagar during two subsequent years 2008 and 2009 on cotton, sunflower, brinjal, tomato, bhendi, mesta, guava and china rose. The results revealed that Phenacoccus solenopsis incidence was high on Gossypium hirsutum (55.10) and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (59.20) during August, 2009. Its parasitoid Aenasius bambawalei was recorded with high per cent parasitism on G. hirsutum (August, 2008) and H. rosa-sinensis (July, 2009). Ferrisia virgata population on G. hirsutum was more during August than next two months of 2009 and the per cent parasitization of Aenasius advena also followed similar trends as F. virgata during August and consecutive two months. On Psidium guajava, parasitization by Blepyrus insularis was found only during August of 2009; F. virgata population was highest (17.80) in July 2009; per cent parasitization by A. advena also followed the similar trends. Maconellicoccus hirsutus population on Abelmoschus esculentus decreased steadily from July to September 2009; per cent parasitization by Anagyrus dactylopii was the lowest (3.52) in July and the highest in August (25.00); parasitization by A. chrysos was found only during July and was very low (1.41). Coccidohystrix insolita population on Solanum melongena was high during both July, 2008 and 2009 and per cent parasitization of Leptomastix nigrocincta was less during the same period of both years.