Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age structure and growth of the rough scad, Trachurus lathami (Teleostei: Carangidae), in the Southeastern Brazilian Bight

The rough scad, Trachurus lathami Nichols, 1920, is a small pelagic species distributed along the West Atlantic coast. It is most abundant in the Southern Brazil (28°30’–34°S) and in the Southeastern Brazilian Bight (SEBB, 22°–28°30’S). The rough scad is fished by purse seines, which main target is the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879). Age and growth are vital to understand the life cycle of a species, to fishery management and ecosystem modeling. This study aimed to assess the age and growth of T. lathami, to identify its age structure in the SEBB, and to evaluate what causes the wide differences among Trachurus species in terms of body size and growth parameters. Data available on T. lathami was attained between 2008 and 2010 from surveys at SEBB. A total of 278 whole otoliths of T. lathami, total length between 27 mm and 208 mm, were analyzed and compared with the only other source of otolith data, from 1975. Three blind readings were performed and assessed using traditional methods to study fish age and growth. Zero up to eight rings were found, each ring corresponding to one year in the life of an individual of this species. The von Bertalanffy growth model parameters were L∞ = 211.90 mm and K = 0.319 year-1. The results of the analyses have shown similarities between 1975 and 2008-2010, indicating that the otolith development, the growth pattern and the age structure remained stable. T. lathami is the smallest species of Trachurus and it has the highest growth rates among them. This is probably related to the different temperatures where larvae/juvenile and adult grow, to the absence of a strong fishing pressure and to decadal population variability.
Polysemy in the mental lexicon: relatedness and frequency affect representational overlap

ABSTRACT Meaning relatedness affects storage of ambiguous words in the mental lexicon: unrelated meanings (homonymy) are stored separately whereas related senses (polysemy) are stored as one large representational entry. We hypothesised that word frequency could have similar effects on storage, with low-frequency words having high representational overlap and high-frequency words having low representational overlap. Participants performed lexical decision or semantic categorisation to high- and low-frequency nouns with few and many senses. Results showed a three-way interaction between frequency, task type, and polysemy. Low-frequency words showed a polysemy advantage with lexical decision but a polysemy disadvantage with semantic categorisation, whereas high-frequency words showed the opposite pattern. These results confirmed our hypothesis that relatedness and word frequency have similar effects on storage of ambiguous words.
FRAMEWORK FOR INSTRUCTIONS Toward a Unified Framework for Research on Instructions and other Messages : An Introduction to the Special Section on the Power of Instructions

Instructions are known to have a profound impact on human behavior. Nevertheless, research on the effects of instructions is relatively scarce and scattered across different areas of research in psychology and neuroscience. The current issue of this journal contains six papers that review research on instructions in different research areas. In this introduction to the special section, we provide the outline of a framework that focuses on five components that can be varied in research on this topic (sender, message, receiver, context, and outcome). The framework brings order to the boundless potential variability in research on the effects of messages (i.e., it has heuristic value) and highlights that past research explored only a tiny fraction of what is possible (i.e., it has predictive value). Moreover, it reveals that research in different areas tends to examine different instantiations of the five components. The latter observation implies that much can be gained from closer interactions between researchers from different areas.
Gleichgewichtstraining zur Verletzungsprävention und Leistungssteigerung

Zusammenfassung Gleichgewicht ist eine essenzielle koordinative Fähigkeit. Es hilft, Verletzungen zu vermeiden, und sollte daher gezielt trainiert werden. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, ob der Effekt bestimmter Übungen auf andere Situationen übertragbar ist und ob sich mit einer guten Übungsauswahl auch andere Leistungsparameter von Athleten steigern lassen.
Electronic energy state and transmission properties study of parabolic double quantum well using Non-equilibrium Green function method

We apply the non-equilibrium Green's function method based on the finite difference method to the parabolic double quantum well structure. In particular, we examine the effect of system parameters on transmission coefficient. The properties of the electronic state also studied as a function of the system parameters, such as, the well widths and depth. We also tested energy electronic state with calculating density of states.
A Mathematical Model That Incorporates The Force-Intensity Relationship Of Human Skeletal Muscle

We have previously reported the development of a force-model system that accurately predicts the force-frequency relation of human skeletal muscle. The ability to also predict the effects of stimulation intensity on muscle force can enable a more precise prediction of muscle forces and allow a better control of FES-elicited movements. The model presented here incorporates the force-intensity relationship to predict the effects of stimulation intensity and frequency on skeletal muscle forces. The current model was developed and tested on quadriceps femoris muscles (N=7) of healthy subjects. Our model successfully predicted the forces produced when the muscle was activated with stimulation trains of different pulse durations (100 ~ 600 µ s) and frequencies (12.5Hz ~ 80 Hz). The successful addition of an intensity component to our model system further supports its potential use for the design of subject-specific stimulation patterns for FES applications.
A MODULAR VME DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR COUNTER APPLICATIONS AT THE GSI SYNCHROTRON

Particle counters perform the control of beam loss and slowly extracted currents at the heavy ion synchrotron (SIS) at GSI. A new VME/Lynx – PC/Linux based data acquisition system has been developed to combine the operating purposes beam loss measurement, spill analysis, spill structure measurement and matrix switching functionality in one single assembly. A detailed PC-side software description is presented in this paper. The software has been divided into time critical networking and data deploying threads and low or normal priority interface tasks to achieve best system stability. Some new abilities in the fields of data computation and presentation are described. First experiences gained while the commissioning of the system are discussed.
Gravitational lensing analysis of the Kilo-Degree Survey

The Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) is a multi-band imaging survey designed for cosmological studies from weak lensing and photometric redshifts. It uses the European Southern Observatory VLT Survey Telescope with its wide-field camera OmegaCAM. KiDS images are taken in four filters similar to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ugri bands. The best seeing time is reserved for deep r-band observations. The median 5σ limiting AB magnitude is 24.9 and the median seeing is below 0.7 arcsec. Initial KiDS observations have concentrated on the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) regions near the celestial equator, where extensive, highly complete redshift catalogues are available. A total of 109 survey tiles, 1 square degree each, form the basis of the first set of lensing analyses of halo properties of GAMA galaxies. Nine galaxies per square arcminute enter the lensing analysis, for an effective inverse shear variance of 69 arcmin-2. Accounting for the shape measurement weight, the median redshift of the sources is 0.53. KiDS data processing follows two parallel tracks, one optimized for weak lensing measurement and one for accurate matched-aperture photometry (for photometric redshifts). This technical paper describes the lensing and photometric redshift measurements (including a detailed description of the Gaussian aperture and photometry pipeline), summarizes the data quality and presents extensive tests for systematic errors that might affect the lensing analyses. We also provide first demonstrations of the suitability of the data for cosmological measurements, and describe our blinding procedure for preventing confirmation bias in the scientific analyses. The KiDS catalogues presented in this paper are released to the community through http://kids.strw. leidenuniv.nl.
The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment in Economic Growth from the Perspective of Nonlinear Dynamics

In today’s globalized economy one of the most crucial factors for the economic growth of a country, especially of a developing country, is the foreign direct investment, not only because of the transfer of capital but also of technology. In this work, the effect of foreign direct investments in a county’s economic growth by using tools of nonlinear dynamics is studied. As a model of the economic growth of a country, a well-known nonlinear discrete-time dynamical system, the Logistic map, is used. The system under study consists of two countries with a strong economic relationship. The source country of foreign direct investments is an industrialized, economically powerful and technologically advanced country that makes significant investments in the host country, which is a developing country and strong dependent from the source country. Simulation results of system’s behavior and especially the bifurcation diagrams reveal the strong connection between the countries of the proposed system and the effect of foreign direct investments in the economic growth of the host country.
Family Functioning and Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders in Children: Examining the Quality of Attachment as a Mediator and Moderator

This study was conducted to examine the mediating and moderating role of the quality of child-parent attachment in correlation between the family functioning and internalized and externalized disorders in children. The participants included 702 children who were selected from the 19 districts of Tehran's Education Department, using multistage cluster random sampling method. The children answered the inventory of parent and peer attachment (IPPA) and the parents answered McMaster family assessment device (FAD) and the child behavior checklist (CBCL). The data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. The linearity and normality prerequisites were taken into account, and then the methods of correlation, path analysis, and hierarchical regression were applied. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between family functioning and quality of attachment, and quality of attachment and children's disorders. Hence, the more favorable the family functioning, the safer the attachment, and the safer the attachment, the less the internalized and externalized disorder. There was also a significant correlation between family functioning and internalized and externalized disorders. The safer the family functioning, the less the incidence of the disorders in children. The path analysis, hierarchical regression, and Baron and Kenny's procedures showed that the quality of attachment did not have a mediating role in the relationship between family functioning and internalized and externalized disorders (separately). However, it had a moderating role in that relationship. (Marziesadat Razavi, Maryamsadat Fatehizade, Ozra Etemadi, Mohammadreza Abedi, Fateme Bahrami, Gholamreza Sarami. Family Functioning and Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders in Children: Examining the Quality of Attachment as a Mediator and Moderator. J Am Sci 2013;9(6s):113-121). (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.
The Paradox of Compliance: Infringements and Delays in Transposing European Union Directives

What impact does the negotiation stage prior to the adoption of international agreements have on the subsequent implementation stage? We address this question by examining the linkages between decision making on European Union directives and any subsequent infringements and delays in national transposition. We formulate a preference-based explanation of failures to comply, which focuses on states' incentives to deviate and the amount of discretion granted to states. This is compared with state-based explanations that focus on country-specific characteristics. Infringements are more likely when states disagree with the content of directives and the directives provide them with little discretion. Granting discretion to member states, however, tends to lead to longer delays in transposition. We find no evidence of country-specific effects.
PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF ROTOR-ONLY AXIAL FANS DESIGNED WITH DIFFERENT VORTEX CRITERIA

Rotor-only axial fans feature rotors designed according to different vortex criteria. Nowadays the literature does not exhaustively clarify when a specific swirl distribution has to be used and which are the advantages/drawbacks in terms of fan performance and efficiency. A review of the experimental performance of rotor-only axial fans designed with different vortex criteria is summarized here in Φ−Ψ and σ − δ (specific speed specific diameter) graphs to identify the best operating conditions of each design. Four rotor-only axial fans (two free-vortex, a constant-swirl and a rigid-body swirl one) are tested on an ISO-5801-A rig. For two of them, flow velocities at rotor exit are measured with a 5-hole probe. The result is an experimentally based map around the Cordier curve for rotor-only axial fans. Indications on the best Φ − Ψ range for fans designed using different vortex criteria are provided and explained. The effects of increasing the tip clearance on the rotor performance at design duty are investigated as well.
USING THE TECHNIQUES OF DATA MINING AND TEXT MINING IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Today it is possible to store and retrieve official and personal data; everyone can store photographs, movies and notes in electronic settings. The amount of such data increases everyday (some call it “information boom”). Many search engines can scan electronic data based on key terms (or based on content); some sales companies also use such data to offer “best” sales. Some computer programs provide their clients with textual data collected from Internet sources. Such programs are mostly used by sales companies. Today emails, notes on facebook and twitter as well as blogs are checked for security purposes. In science information-based search engines such as GoPubMed are employed. In short, computer-assisted text analysis has been used in different fields and various techniques make it possible to analyse data.
Viscoelastic behavior of Silica nanoparticle/polyimide nanocomposites using finite element approach

A three-dimensional micromechanical finite element model is developed to study the viscoelastic behavior of the silica nanoparticle/polyimide nanocomposites. The representative volume element (RVE) of the model consists of three phases including silica nanoparticle, polyimide matrix and interphase which surrounds the nanoparticle. The interphase region is created due to the interaction between the silica nanoparticle and the polymer matrix. The effects of different important parameters such as interphase material properties and thickness, silica nanoparticle volume fraction and geometry as well as type of nanoparticles distribution are investigated. It is found that the interphase significantly affects the viscoelastic behavior of the nanocomposites. Also, the results reveal that with decreasing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing volume fraction, the creep strain of the nanocomposite reduces. Moreover, the creep strain of the nanocomposites decreases with the uniform distribution of the nanoparticles inside the polymer matrix. It is shown that for the elastic properties of the nanocomposites, while the predictions without interphase are far from the reality, the predicted mechanical properties with interphase demonstrate very good agreement with experimental data.
Effects of atrazine on amphibian growth and survival in artificial aquatic communities

Aificial pond microcosms with pond water, including phytoplankton, periphyton, macrophytes, and larval gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor), were treated with atrazine to achieve final aqueous concentrations of 0, 20, 200, or 2, 000 μg/L. Dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO) decreased to approx. 20 to 40% of their preexposure values in the 200‐ and 2, 000‐μg/L treatment groups within 1 d of atrazine addition. Dissolved oxygen in these microcosms returned to control concentrations by 10 d after exposure but declined again to approximately 60 to 80% of control values at 21 d after exposure and remained depressed for the remainder of the study. In the 200‐ and 2, 000‐μg/L treatment groups, pH decreased similarly within 1 d of atrazine exposure and returned to control values within the following 16 d. The DO and pH did not differ significantly between the 0‐ and 20‐μg/L groups or the 200‐ and 2, 000‐μg/L groups. Frogs from the two higher atrazine concentration treatment groups were 5% shorter and had 10% lower body mass at metamorphosis than those from the control and low atrazine concentration groups. No difference in length or body mass at metamorphosis was detectable between the 0‐ and 20‐μg/L groups or between the 200‐ and 2, 000‐μg/L groups. Larval period was 5% longer in the 2, 000‐μg/L group than in the 200‐μg/L group but did not differ from controls in any treatment group. No significant treatment‐related differences were detected for survival rate. The decrease in amphibian length and weight at metamorphosis may indicate a reduction in fitness in wild populations of anurans exposed to atrazine at 200 to 2, 000 μg/L.
KAJIAN LITERATUR CIMOSA UNTUK PEMODELAN ENTERPRISE

Enterprise modeling needs a framework to create the thorough description, both for enterprise integration and engineering. CIMOSA is a framework, methodology or language that can be used to create a complete modeling along with another modeling framework in describing the model of a company. In this paper, we examine all manuscripts are published from 1995 to 2015 about the use of CIMOSA, and CIMOSA combined with other modeling frameworks as the first step of research on modeling CIMOSA at a private industrial network, as well as we present two case modeling with CIMOSA.
Single-RF Diversity Receiver for OFDM System Using ESPAR Antenna with Alternate Direction

This paper presents a single-RF diversity scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver using Electronically Steerable Passive Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna whose direction changes alternately at the OFDM symbol rate. OFDM is widely used for mobile communication systems because of its broadband wireless transmission capability in a severe time dispersive multipath propagation channel. OFDM is, however, not efficient for mitigating the performance degradation due to fading. Diversity is an efficient technique for solving this problem. Although maximal ratio combining diversity is the most efficient technique, it requires the same number of RF front-end circuitry and analog-todigital converters (ADC) as antennas. Although ESPAR antenna-based diversity technique requires only a single-RF and ADC, the convergence is not fast enough to track fast variation of the channel state. Furthermore, it is not efficient in a frequency selective channel. In this paper, we propose a new OFDM diversity scheme using ESPAR antenna. The proposed scheme is capable of obtaining the diversity gain in a frequency selective fading environment and avoids the slow convergence rate problem in the conventional technique using ESPAR antenna. Computer simulation results show that the proposed scheme gives diversity gain in a frequency selective fading channel.
ANewHybridMethodology for Nonlinear Time Series Forecasting

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are flexible computing frameworks and universal approximators that can be applied to a wide range of forecasting problems with a high degree of accuracy. However, using ANNs to model linear problems have yielded mixed results, and hence; it is not wise to apply them blindly to any type of data. This is the reason that hybrid methodologies combining linear models such as ARIMA and nonlinear models such as ANNs have been proposed in the literature of time series forecasting. Despite of all advantages of the traditional methodologies for combining ARIMA and ANNs, they have some assumptions that will degenerate their performance if the opposite situation occurs. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed in order to combine the ANNs with ARIMA in order to overcome the limitations of traditional hybrid methodologies and yield more general and more accurate hybrid models. Empirical results with Canadian Lynx data set indicate that the proposed methodology can be a more effective way in order to combine linear and nonlinear models together than traditional hybrid methodologies. Therefore, it can be applied as an appropriate alternative methodology for hybridization in time series forecasting field, especially when higher forecasting accuracy is needed.
OBJECT ORIENTED MODELING FOR THE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

In this article we will describe our experiences in design of CAD software application. We have started from procedural concept of the application. Second attempt utilized objectoriented paradigm. Migration to this modern approach was rather difficult on its early steps, but afterwards it emerged very successful and we have picked all its benefits out. Object oriented modeling and design promoted us better understanding of the industrial design process supported by our application, lead us to cleaner software code as well as more maintainable system.
Bioenergetics and Prey Consumption of Breeding Double-crested Cormorants in the Beaver Archipelago, Northern Lake Michigan

ABSTRACT Colonial waterbirds are an important component of Great Lakes ecosystems. In order to investigate the role these birds play in an aquatic food web, bioenergetics models, using allometric equations, were applied to breeding double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and their offspring in the Beaver Archipelago, northern Lake Michigan. These models were parameterized using detailed information collected during the 2000 and 2001 breeding seasons, as well as literature values. Each breeding season was divided into stages in the models to reflect changes in cormorant diet and population size documented in the study area. The models estimated the total prey biomass consumed as 1,445 metric tonnes (mt) of prey in 2000, and 1,585 mt of prey in 2001. Each year, the majority of the prey biomass was alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), with these fish comprising a greater percentage of prey biomass consumed in 2001. An increase in cormorant reproductive success in 2001 may be linked to this increase in alewife biomass consumed; the breeding bird population size, however, declined in 2001 as compared to 2000. The other prey items, which are not considered to be species of commercial or sport value, were also important contributors to bird diet and consumption of these species did tend to vary from year-to-year. Overall, the application of bioenergetics models allows for greater understanding of the role of cormorants as predators and as energy links in the system.