Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sharlok: bridging learners through active knowledge awareness

This paper describes active knowledge awareness for creating collaboration in a open ended group learning system, Sharlok (Sharing, linking and looking-up knowledge). Sharlok has knowledge building and collaborative learning environment connected via Internet. To enhance collaboration opportunities in this situation, active knowledge awareness automatically informs the learner if someone is interested in the same knowledge and if someone has the same problem. The messages are, for instance, "someone is looking at the same knowledge that you are looking at", and "someone discussed the knowledge which you have inputted". The spontaneous collaboration which is created by this awareness, facilitates to refine and evolve both learners' knowledge and shared knowledge.
Distributed Frequency Allocation Based on MARL in Dynamic Environment of Cognitive Radio Networks: A Stochastic Game Model

We investigate distributed frequency allocation problem in dynamic environment of cognitive radio (CR) networks with a stochastic game (SG) model. As traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms are not suitable for this problem, a new MARL algorithm, maximizing the average Q function algorithm (MAQ), is proposed in this article. With MAQ, distributed agents can realize indirect coordination without exchanging their rewards or Q values, because they consider other agents’ strategies during decision-making. A new equilibrium state, Q function equilibrium (QE), is defined and the agents’ strategies achieve QE definitely through MAQ learning. Specifically, the defined QE is proved to be Nash equilibrium when the changing state of primary network is stationary stochastic procedure. Throughput performance of MAQ is close to that of centric learning method, but it needs less or doesn’t need intercommunications.
Analytical study on the associative memory problem in coupled Hopfield neural networks

In coupled Hopfield neural networks, in which different patterns are stored in each network, the associative memor problem is investigated. It has been shown numerically by several authors that in coupled two chaotic neural netowrks, where different patterns are stored, one network can retrieve that pattern stored in other network. In the Hopfield theory a stored pattern corresponds always to an attractor in the dynamical sense. The retrieval of the pattern stored in other network means that the state of Netowrk A approaches no the attractor of Netowrk A but the attractor of Netowrk B by coupling Network A with B. In this paper, we study this problem in an analytic approach. It is shown that the final pattern of the each network is classified into 4 types according to the initial condition and the connection constant. By introducing the energy function of the total system the problem is also investigated from a viewpoint of energy. We propose the system, in which many Hopfield networks are connected, and its application is discussed.
Statistical Regular Pavings and their Applications

We propose using statistical regular pavings (SRPs) as an efficient and adaptive statistical data structure for processing massive, multi-dimensional data. A regular paving (RP) is an ordered binary tree that recursively bisects a box in Rd along the first widest side. An SRP is extended from an RP by allowing mutable caches of recursively computable statistics of the data. In this study we use SRPs for two major applications: estimating histogram densities and summarising large spatio-temporal datasets. The SRP histograms produced are L1-consistent density estimators driven by a randomised priority queue that adaptively grows the SRP tree, and formalised as a Markov chain over the space of SRPs. A way to select an estimate is to run a Markov chain over the space of SRP trees, also initialised by the randomised priority queue, but here the SRP tree either shrinks or grows adaptively through pruning or splitting operations. The stationary distribution of the Markov chain is then the posterior distribution over the space of all possible histograms. We then take advantage of the recursive nature of SRPs to make computationally efficient arithmetic averages, and take the average of the states sampled from the stationary distribution to obtain the posterior mean histogram estimate. We also show that SRPs are capable of summarizing large datasets by working with a dataset containing high frequency aircraft position information. Recursively computable statistics can be stored for variable-sized regions of airspace. The regions themselves can be created automatically to reflect the varying density of aircraft observations, dedicating more computational resources and providing more detailed information in areas with more air traffic. In particular, SRPs are able to very quickly aggregate or separate data with different characteristics so that data describing individual aircraft or collected using different technologies (reflecting different levels of precision) can be stored separately and yet also very quickly combined using standard arithmetic operations. [This page intentionally left blank]
An Automatic Extraction of Key Paragraphs Based on the Degree of Context Dependency

In this paper,we propose a method for extracting key paragraph in articles based on the degree of context dependency.Like Luhn's technique,our method assumes that the words which are relative to theme in an article appear throughout paragraphs. Our technique for extraction of keywords is based on the degree of context dependency that how every word is strongly related to a given context.The results of experiments demonstrate the applicability of our proposed method.
Research on Automatic Verification of Finite-State Concurrent Systems

Abstract : This survey is organized as follows: Section 2 describes the syntax and semantics of the temporal logics that are used in this paper. Section 3 states the model checking problem and give an efficient algorithm for checking simple branching-time formulas. Section 4 discusses the issue of fairness and show how the algorithm of Section 3 can be extended to include fairness constraints. Section 5 demonstrates how the model checking algorithm can be used to debug a simple mutual exclusion program. Section 6 describes some alternative approaches for verifying systems of finite state concurrent process. The complexity of checking linear temporal logic formulas are analyzed and the techniques of Pnueli and Lichtenstein and Vardi and Wolper are outlined. Additional applications to circuit and protocol verification are discussed in Section 7. The paper concludes in Section 8 with a discussion of some of the important remaining research problems like the state explosion problem.
Classification of publications and models on transmission expansion planning

In this paper, the transmission planning state-of-the-art, which was obtained from the review of the most interesting models found in the international technical literature, is presented. The classification of publications was made, keeping in mind the solution methods, the treatment of the planning horizon, and the consideration of the new competitive schemes in the power sector. A discussion about the available tools for development of transmission planning models is also included.
RISK FACTORS AND THE INCIDENCE OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG HOSPITAL 2014

Background : Low Birth Weight (LBW) is still a major public health problem. The high incidence of LBW may affect the quality of human resources in the future, since babies born with LBW may also cause an increased risk of permanent disability, cognitive impairment and other chronic health problems in the future . Identification of LBW risk factors is important in mediating the health consequences of LBW after birth and also in reducing the incidence of LBW. This study aims to the risk factors and the incidence of LBW in Dr. M. Hoesin Palembang Hospital. Methods: This study was a retrospective analytic survey with cross sectional design, using secondary data , collected from m edical records of Dr. M. Hoesin Palembang Hospital from January 1 St to December 3 1 St , 2014. the sample were 1582 of whole birth from a population that met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with chi square and multivariate test with multiple logistic regression. Results: The incidence of LBW were 19.6 %. The result of bivariate analysis showed significant relationship between gestational age (p=0,000 ; OR=77,055), twin pregnancy (p=0,000; OR=21,387), eclampsia (p= 0,002;OR=3,310), preeclampsia (p=0,010; OR =1,836) Hb(p=0.014; OR=1,668) and education (p=0,044; OR=1,640) with LBW. Gestational age is the most dominant factor causing LBW after controlled by other variables. Conclusion : The incidence of LBW in Dr. M. Hoesin Palembang Hospital in 2014 was still high with the most dominant factor is Gestational age. Need to develop a model of early detection of LBW at the community level by reference to the risk factors found in every health care unit in Palembang Keywords : low birth weight, risk factors, incidence of low birth DOI: https://doi.org/10.26553/jikm.2018. 9.1. 41-52
Direct Medical Cost Analysis Among Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure Outpatients at One Hospital

Long-term treatment of cardiovascular disease may give impact in a high burden of medical cost for the patient. A concern arises whether the health budget allocation prepared by the Indonesian Government through "Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional" program is enough to cover medical cost for the outpatient treatment. This study aims to calculate the direct medical cost of patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure and compare it with the Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs) tariff. This is a prospective and observational study carried out in one of the public hospitals in East Java between February and April 2015. All data related to outpatients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were analysed. Direct medical cost analysis in this study calculated from a combination of cost of medication, health professional services, electrocardiography, emergency care services, and laboratory test component, then it was compared with INA-CBGs tariff from ICD 10. Total of 390 patients included were 387 patients with coronary heart disease (99.23%) and three (3) patients with heart failure (0.77%). Average direct medical cost for patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were IDR 130.593,6 (range IDR 50.282 – IDR 385.911) and IDR 128.587 (range IDR 112.832 – IDR 140.103), respectively. Even though this study showed that budget allocation of INA-CBGs could cover the average direct medical cost of patients with both of diseases, some patients had a direct medical cost higher than the limit of INA-CBGs allocation. Therefore, an optimal interprofessional collaboration between physician and pharmacist needed to provide medical treatment based on patient needs and keep it within budget allocation range.
A benign mimicker of renal cell carcinoma: A case report

We report a rare case of benign renal solitary fibrous tumor in a 40-year old male who presented with a vague fullness and dragging sensation on right lumber region. Computed tomography showed large heterogeneously enhancing solid cystic leision arising from upper pole right kidney for which radical nephrectomy was done. On histopathological examination the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor of
Thrombophilia: Case-based Learning

Heritable causes [2] Heritable thrombophilias can be identified in 30-50% of VTE. Factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210G>A, and deficiencies of antithrombin, protein C and protein S increase the risk of a first VTE. However, an individual's risk is determined by a combination of genetic, acquired and circumstantial risk factors. At least 50% of VTE events in thrombophilic individuals are provoked by predisposing factors such as immobility, surgery, trauma, cancer, hormonal therapy and pregnancy. Non-modifiable risk factors such as advancing age and family history also increase thrombotic risk. Factor V Leiden is the most common heritable thrombophilia in Caucasian populations. It is rare or absent in people of black African, Far East Asian, native Australian and native American origin [3] . Individuals may have more than one inherited thrombophilia genotype, particularly in populations where the factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210A alleles are common. Combined thrombophilias can multiply the VTE risk.
Using speech acts for segmentation in user-adviser dialogue

One of the largest problems in natural language processing is the social and cogniti ve i nteraction in user adviser dialogues. Within this area there are a number of important problems one of which is determining pronominal and non-pronominal reference. One model proposed to cut down search spaces for references in dialogues has been to segment those dialogues into spaces and leave searches for references within the spaces (see Grosz and Sidner ,1 986). However, this model is mainly concerned with using structural constraints such as con versational cues in segmentation. The intentional models of dialogue are concerned with using speech acts to determine intention, plans and goals in dialogue but only for the sak eo fr ecognising such items (see Allen, and Perrault, 1980; Allen, 1983; Cohen, Perrault and Allen, 1982, Litman and Allen 1984). However, a model should not only look at what one can do by saying, but look at ho ww hat one does determines what one says. Carberry (1989) has made some progress in this direction. It is proposed here that speech acts (Austin, 1975, Searle 1969, Cole and Morga n1 975) can not just be used for the sak et he determination of intention but can also be used for implications on structure, and more specifically implications on the segmentation of dialogues. We sho we vidence for this hypothesis from a number of user-adviser dialogues collected in a Wizard-of-Oz experiment. We also hope to use this hypothesis in designing and implementing a dialogue component for the OSCON Operating System CONsultant natural language advisory system (See Mc Kevitt 1987, Mc Kevitt and Wilks, 1987 and Guthrie, Mc Kevitt and Wilks, 1989).
Profiling side-channel attacks on cryptographic algorithms

Traditionally, attacks on cryptographic algorithms looked for mathematical weaknesses in the underlying structure of a cipher. Side-channel attacks, however, look to extract secret key information based on the leakage from the device on which the cipher is implemented, be it smart-card, microprocessor, dedicated hardware or personal computer. Attacks based on the power consumption, electromagnetic emanations and execution time have all been practically demonstrated on a range of devices to reveal partial secret-key information from which the full key can be reconstructed. The focus of this thesis is power analysis, more specifically a class of attacks known as profiling attacks. These attacks assume a potential attacker has access to, or can control, an identical device to that which is under attack, which allows him to profile the power consumption of operations or data flow during encryption. This assumes a stronger adversary than traditional non-profiling attacks such as differential or correlation power analysis, however the ability to model a device allows templates to be used post-profiling to extract key information from many different target devices using the power consumption of very few encryptions. This allows an adversary to overcome protocols intended to prevent secret key recovery by restricting the number of available traces. In this thesis a detailed investigation of template attacks is conducted, along with how the selection of various attack parameters practically affect the efficiency of the secret key recovery, as well as examining the underlying assumption of profiling attacks in that the power consumption of one device can be used to extract secret keys from another. Trace only attacks, where the corresponding plaintext or ciphertext data is unavailable, are then investigated against both symmetric and asymmetric algorithms with the goal of key recovery from a single trace. This allows an adversary to bypass many of the currently proposed countermeasures, particularly in the asymmetric domain.
Propionic Acid Shapes the Course of Multiple Sclerosis by a Distinct Immunomodulatory and Neuroprotective Mechanism

Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are processed from indigestible dietary fibers by gut bacteria and have immunomodulatory properties. Here we investigate the SCFA propionic acid (PA) in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a model of general autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. The serum and feces of MS patients exhibited significantly reduced PA-levels, which were associated with a reduction in diversity and abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. In a proof-of-concept study, we supplemented PA to MS patients as add-on to immunotherapy. After two weeks of PA intake, we observed a significant and sustained increase of functionally competent Treg, while Th1 and Th17 significantly decreased. Retrospective analyses of up to 3years of PA-intake revealed a reduced annual relapse rate, stabilization of disability and reduced brain atrophy. In primary neurons, differentiated from MS patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells, PA enhanced neurite regrowth after damage, similar to the Treg key cytokine interleukin-10. Our findings suggest that PA can serve as a potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective supplement to approved MS drugs.
The use of folic acid in the prevention of spinal bifida

Background. Spinal Bifida is a congenital malformation of the spine that typified defect of the neural tube with devastating neurological, psychosocial and developmental burden to the growing child with associated huge financial burden to the parents, community and the country. Past and present studies have shown strong evidence to indicate that folic acid supplementation during the periconceptional period reduces the occurrence of spinal bifida in children.Aim. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of use of folic acid during the periconceptional period among women of childbearing age in two rural communities in Edo State, Nigeria.Materials and methods. A prospective cross-sectional study of 170 women between the ages of 15 and 49 years recruited through a multi-stage sampling technique. The survey instrument was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and presented as charts, tables, and associations tested with Chi-square at a statistical level of significance set at p<0.05. Results. One hundred and twenty-two (71.8%) of the respondents showed good knowledge, 147(86.5%) had a positive attitude, and 106 (62.4%) had a good practice of use of folic acid. There was a statistically significant association between respondents’ age, marital status, level of education, occupation, and their knowledge of the use of folic acid as well as with their attitude towards the use of folic acid. However, the practice was mainly associated with the socio-demographic variable of each household.Conclusion. The use of folic acid during the perinatal period for the prevention of spinal bifida is found to be absent in about two-fifths of the study population, a number found to be alarming despite the high level of good knowledge and attitude towards the use of folic acid. There is, therefore, an urgent need to step up more advocacy and health education to women of childbearing age to increase the uptake of folic acid for effective reduction of the incidence of spinal bifida.
Networks of Optimization Methods and Problems

Benchmarking optimization methods and meaningful characterization of optimization problems have been the focal points of many research projects done in the field of global optimization. Our approach aims at investigating this topic with the usage of the computational and mathematical tools of network science. For a particular test problem a network formed by all the minima found by an optimization method can be constructed. Given these networks the analysis of their particular properties (e.g. degree distribution, path lengths, centrality measures, etc.) can lead to novel characterization of optimization problems and methods.
Assessment of the Frequency of Food Allergy in Children with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Background. Food allergy may be a cause of pathological gastroesophageal reflux. A 24−hour esophageal pH tra− cing pattern typical for food allergy was described in the literature. Objectives. The assessment of the frequency of food allergy in children under 3 years of age with gastroesopha− geal reflux disease. Material and Methods. The analysis comprised a group of 28 children (11 girls and 17 boys) aged 3–36 months (average: 12.6 months) in whom gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and 24−hour esophageal pH−metry. Patient medical history, family history, physical examination, immunological tests (total serum IgE, blood eosinophilia, skin prick tests with native food allergens), and trials of elimination and pro− vocation with food allergens (lasting 3–6 months) were the grounds for diagnosis. Results. In the analyzed group of children with gastroesophageal reflux disease, food allergy was recognized in 12 patients (42.8%). Allergy to cow’s milk, egg yolk, and egg white were the most frequent. Conclusions. Based on presented studies it can be concluded that in the group of children aged 3–36 months with gastroesophageal reflux disease, food allergy was observed significantly more frequently (42.8%) than in the gene− ral population (2–4%). In 25% of the children a biphasic pattern of the esophageal pH tracing typical for food al− lergy was observed (Adv Clin Exp Med 2006, 15, 3, 445–451).
The 19th century official Paris Salon exhibition digital museum

This paper selects the paintings of the 19th Century Official Paris Salon Exhibition collection, housed in the Chi Mei Museum of Taiwan, as the subjects for photographing, scanning, text description, database design, and software programming in order to establish a digital archive of these precious paintings. This research applies the latest information technology to integrate digital archives, and systematically divide their contents into eight major sections, then upload them to the Internet to complete the entire project. Regarding education in particular, on-line learning, tests on paintings, and functional mechanisms of painting are provided for teachers, students, and the public to choose selected courses according to their personal interests, and experience the global-reach of on-line knowledge. By integrating digital archives, a digital museum, and digital learning, this research hopes to effectively utilize resources, enhance educational promotions, further the industry of cultural creativity, realize the goal of true international art, and offer some of Taiwan's cultural resources to the art lovers of the global village. The digitalization of this art collection is beneficial to the Chi Mei Museum in terms of exhibition, publication, collection, teaching, and research, however, the benefits reach far beyond national borders, as people round the world are able to appreciate such cultural assets. In the future, image authorization services may be provided to a digital content industry, as raw digital materials can enhance the concept of value-added, inspire innovations for the promotion of education, and facilitate the development of a knowledge economy.
Dropped head syndrome due to neuromuscular disorders: Clinical manifestation and evaluation

In this article, we discuss the clinical approach to patients with dropped head syndrome and identify the various neuromuscular causes of dropped head syndrome including muscle, neuromuscular junction, peripheral nerve and motor neuron etiologies. We aim to increase awareness of recognition the entity of dropped head syndrome and factors that may predict response to immunomodulating therapy in dropped head syndrome.