Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis and Bacteriostasis of Polyphenols Extracts from Peanut Shells by Ultrahigh Pressure Extraction

This study developed a method to extract polyphenols from peanut shells by ultrahigh pressure (PPSUP). The yield of PPSUP was up to 71.3 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) /g under optimizing extraction parameters of ultrahigh pressure to 75% ethanol, 300 MPa, 4 min, 1:25 ratio of material to liquid. The results of antibacterial activities of PPSUP showed that it had bacteriostatic action against two food-related bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538), which indicates it can be used as an antiseptic aid in food.
Implementing the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm with macroscopic ensembles

Quantum computing implementations under consideration today typically deal with systems with microscopic degrees of freedom such as photons, ions, cold atoms, and superconducting circuits. The quantum information is stored typically in low-dimensional Hilbert spaces such as qubits, as quantum effects are strongest in such systems. It has however been demonstrated that quantum effects can be observed in mesoscopic and macroscopic systems, such as nanomechanical systems and gas ensembles. While few-qubit quantum information demonstrations have been performed with such macroscopic systems, a quantum algorithm showing exponential speedup over classical algorithms is yet to be shown. Here we show that the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm can be implemented with macroscopic ensembles. The encoding that we use avoids the detrimental effects of decoherence that normally plagues macroscopic implementations. We discuss two mapping procedures which can be chosen depending upon the constraints of the oracle and the experiment. Both methods have an exponential speedup over the classical case, and only require control of the ensembles at the level of the total spin of the ensembles. It is shown that both approaches reproduce the qubit Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, and are robust under decoherence.
Aerosol hygroscopicity in the marine atmosphere: a closure study using high-resolution, size-resolved AMS and multiple-RH DASH-SP data

S. P. Hersey, A. Sorooshian, S. M. Murphy, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld Departments of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science and Engineering, Caltech, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA Received: 14 July 2008 – Accepted: 6 August 2008 – Published: 4 September 2008 Correspondence to: J. H. Seinfeld (seinfeld@caltech.edu) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
The Dynamics of Internally Generated Risks in Organisations

Organisations create many of their risks through their own policies, system s, structures, behaviours and culture. Such risks are by nature especially difficult to identify, document, report and manage. As a result, they play a critical and yet almost unseen role in the dynamics of organisational design improvement. Their imp act can be perverse, leading to inappropriate and ineffective improvement programs. On the other hand, the analysis of internally generated risks can provide unique systemic insight into complex underlying organisational issues, thus supporting continuous improvement in organisation design.
IVUS-VH relation to the extent and composition of atherosclerotic plaque and clinical outcome prognosis

Background and aim: Most frequent and generally unpredictable coronary plaque rupture impacts the burden of coronary artery disease but features or signs related to plaque remodeling into the high risk structure are not clearly detectable by using ordinary visualization methods. Till yet there are no evident criteria for additional using IVUS. The aim of the study was to determinate intravascular ultrasound virtual histology (IVUS-VH) importance in identifying high risk plaques, which can contribute to increased rupture hazard. Methods: We selected 30 patients with stabile angina pectoris. 50 plaques were analyzed with coronary angiography digital assessment tool and IVUS similarly. Differences of stenoses measured by both methods, then were calculated and compared to composition of plaques evaluated by IVUS-VH. Results: Plaques were mostly formed of fibrous tissue (FI) (2.6 mm2; 57.89 %). Necrosis was found to make in average one-fifth of analyzed plaques (0.75 mm2, 19.60 %). Calcification made up the smallest part of plaques (0.3 mm2, 8.58 %). Plaques with higher necrosis component appeared to be significantly greater in IVUS compared to coronary angiography. In group A necrosis made up 1.40±1.05 mm2; group B – 0.87±0.52 mm2, and group C – 0.62 ±0.45 mm2 (p= 0.020). The same tendency was observed with FI: group A – 3.38±3.20 mm2; group B – 2.90±2.6 mm2 and group C – 2.04±165 mm2 (p= 0.082). Correlation analysis revealed negative moderate relationship between groups and necrosis percentage (r= –0.40, p= 0.004), and FI (r= –0.29, p= 0.039) components of the plaques. Conclusion: IVUS-VH provides new insight into the evaluation of different composition of plaques. However, despite the advantages, IVUS-VH remains costly and not always technically adaptive procedure, so it is necessary to pursue for new methods or technologies to identify atherosclerotic plaques at risk.
The Relationship between Personality Traits and Entrepreneurial Intentions

This article was aimed to studying impact of personality traits on intention to entrepreneurship. In order to examining personality traits, the big five model has been used that consists of five dimensions as extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Entrepreneurship has been consists of six dimensions as hardworking, risk-taking, self-confidence, creativity, flexibility, and tolerance of ambiguity. In order to collecting data, a questionnaire including 47 items has been designed. Statistical population is university of Isfahan’s personnel and sample size is 160 personnel and selected based on available sampling method. In order to analyzing data, descriptive statistic, inferential statistics, ENTER method, and Durbin-Watson test has been used. But also to measuring stability of questionnaires’ items, Cronbach's alpha has been calculated for each variable separately. The results of this article indicate that personality traits have impact on tendency to entrepreneurship. Based on these results between all personality traits, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience have impact on tendency to entrepreneurship and these factors could explain 0/533 of entrepreneurship regression. Also Durbin- Watson test results indicate that there is no self-correlation between independent variables. Finally empirical suggestions has been offered for human resources managers and related professionals.
Development of Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) for Salmo rizeensis Endemic to North-Eastern Streams of Turkey

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are widely used statistical models for species distribution in habitat and environmental management modeling as they enable incorporation of non-linearity. The objective of this study is to develop relationships between habitat variables, fish absence/presence (logistic GAM) and abundance (Poisson GAM) for the S. rizeensis using on-site observations in Solaklı River. Logistic GAMs correctly predicted absence/presence of adult and juvenile S. rizeensis at 79.3% and 74% of sampling areas respectively. Response curves of logistic GAMs results show differences in probability of finding the adult and juvenile fish. Adult S. rizeensis were mostly found in higher velocities (0.5-0.8 m/s) than in juvenile fish (≈ 0 m/s). Also, the highest number of adult fish were recorded in deeper habitats (≈ 0.4 m) rather than in juvenile fish (≈ 0 m). Curves show adult fish are more independent to the presence of cover compared to juvenile fish. Velocity shelter and bedrock formation were the most common cover types. Chi-square test results of predicted values showed that developed Poisson GAMs of adult and juvenile S. rizeensis could not accurately represent fish abundance. The results show that while logistic GAM is applicable, Poisson GAM model is not applicable for the area.
On Boundedness and • ^ Continuity of Second Quantisation

In this short note, we determine precisely which operators have the property that their (full, symmetric or antisymmetric) second quantisation is an operator which is bounded or belongs to one of the various Schatten ideals; we also note that in 'the interior' of the natural domain, the second quantisation is a continuous map.
Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Analysis of Buildings Based on FP-Growth Association Rules

Energy efficiency analysis is an important basis for the establishment of a sound scientific energy saving mode and optimization operation scheme. Data mining technology is suitable to be applied in the comprehensive energy efficiency analysis because of its capability of processing large volume of data, eliminating redundant information, looking for hidden information and other unique advantages. This paper presents a comprehensive energy efficiency analysis technique based on frequent pattern growth (FP-Growth) association rules for buildings. The technique can effectively analyze the association relationship among the sub-metering data and provide support for the further development of energy saving programs. The proposed method was used in the energy efficiency analysis program of to a commercial building in Shanghai. The results prove the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed technique. 
Optimal Execution Strategies A Computational Finance Approach

In today’s competitive business environment, strategies relating to market forecasting, decision making and risk management have received a lot of attention. The empirical results reveal that the market movement is not neutral to large orders. This makes the investors suffer from prohibitive execution costs. Hence, effective optimal execution strategies that assist investors on controlling market reaction are desperately demanded. However, most existing methods for analysing these strategies suffer from a serious weakness in that they fail to consider the impact of large orders on market price. In this thesis, the analysis of optimal execution strategies is conducted from the perspective of agent-based computational finance. This thesis introduces an artificial stock market composed of agents assigned with information sharing and trading strategies, and analyses the market impact and reaction when agents are assigned with optimal trading strategies, including minimum risk volumeweighted average price (VWAP) and implementation shortfall (IS) strategies. In addition, refinement has also been made to the IS strategy by replacing the linear temporary impact function with a quadratic one.
Information Security Management: Password Security Issues

Abstract As users of technology in our everyday actions we need to authenticate in different applications, in fast and secure mode. Although passwords are called the least secure mode of authentication, it’s the simplicity of entering a textual password for just a few seconds, especially when a fast transaction is needed, the main advantage that textual password based authentication method has against other authentication methods. We have prepared a questionnaire that will help us to identify the practices, characteristics, and problems of creation and usage of passwords in online applications, services and social networks. The target population is a group of users who have knowledge on information technology in public administration.
Local dielectric environment of B-DNA in solution : Results from a 14 ns molecular dynamics trajectory

The dielectric behavior of solvent water around DNA is elicited in terms of Kirkwood−Grunwald theory from a 14 ns molecular dynamics trajectory of B-DNA developed in a medium of explicit waters and sodium counterions with particle mesh Ewald for long-range electrostatics. The computed dielectric profile near DNA increases rather rapidly with distance and displays bulk behavior beyond 5 A. A proximity analysis of the dielectric function reveals that the relative permittivities in the first shell of DNA obey the following trend in the simulations: phosphate backbone > major groove > minor groove. Estimates of the local dielectric constants in the major groove are consistent with interpretations based on fluorescence measurements, indicating that MD models of solvent around DNA are providing a reasonably accurate account of the local solution environment of a complicated polyelectrolyte. The calculated dielectric profile is fit to a sigmoidal function, which can be used in estimating the strength of charge−.
Myocardial infarction complicated by acute severe mitral regurgitation and cardiogenic shock . The importance of effective intra-aortic balloon pump therapy . A case report

Severe functional mitral regurgitation in acute myocardial infarction may be one of the main reasons for cardiogenic shock. According to data from the SHOCK registry, this happens in 6.9% of cases of acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure. The only way to significantly improve the prognosis is the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and urgent coronary revascularization. We describe a patient with acute myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation, complicated by severe mitral regurgitation, successfully treated with IABP and percutaneous coronary intervention of the infarct-related coronary artery.
Single-shot quantitative phase microscopy with the transport-of-intensity equation

We present a single-shot experimental configuration for quantitative phase microscopy recovery based on the transportof- intensity equation (TIE). The system can simultaneously capture two laterally separated images with different amounts of defocus using only one digital camera. The defocus distance can be adjusted by varying the free space propagation transfer function on a phase only spatial light modulator. The intensity derivative along optics axis can thus be estimated optimally. In contrast to the state of the art techniques, this configuration requires no mechanical moving parts. Furthermore its single-shot property allows potential application for measuring fast moving objects or dynamic processes. Validation experiments are presented.
Earnings management through loss avoidance: Does South Africa have a good story to tell?

The purpose of this study is to determine whether South African managers manage earnings to avoid reporting small losses (small earnings decreases). The study covers all the companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from 2003 to 2011. In line with Burgstahler and Dichev (1997), the cross-sectional distributions of earnings and changes in earnings are examined and the distributions are shown in histograms. Previous research (using data from the United States) has shown that the distribution curve for both the earnings and the change in earnings variable had noticeably fewer observations just below zero than would normally be expected, and a significantly higher number of observations just above zero. This pattern in the distributions suggests that managers manage reported earnings to ensure that earnings do not fall below a specific threshold, this being zero or the previous year’s performance. Interestingly, and in contrast with the previous literature, using the Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) research model of analysis, our results show no evidence in South Africa of managers managing earnings to avoid reporting small losses or small decreases in earnings. A possible reason for this could be the relatively smaller size of the JSE (compared with stock exchanges in the United States). In addition, and more important, is the possibility that investors and analysts in South Africa may be fixated on other performance indicators, such as revenue and headline earnings per share, rather than on earnings (profits). This study adds to the limited research on earnings management in South Africa, which is a developing economy. Furthermore, previous research shows an inverse relationship between earnings management and earnings quality. The results of this study may therefore be useful to the users and the regulators of financial reports, both are concerned with earnings for the purposes of assessing the cost of capital and how companies utilise their resources.
Robust Synchronization Controller Design for a Class of Uncertain Fractional Order Chaotic Systems

Synchronization problem for a class of uncertain fractional order chaotic systems is studied. Some fundamental lemmas are given to show the boundedness of a complicated infinite series which is produced by differentiating a quadratic Lyapunov function with fractional order. By using the fractional order extension of the Lyapunov stability criterion and the proposed lemma, stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed, and two sufficient conditions, which can enable the synchronization error to converge to zero asymptotically, are driven. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to confirm the proposed theoretical results.
Welfare States And Dimensions Of Social Capital: Cross-national Comparisons Of Social Contacts In European Countries

We set out to describe and explain differences in the amount of some dimensions of social capital within and between European societies. Social capital refers to a wide range of social phenomena; however, we focus on social contacts with family and friends. We derive hypotheses about cross-national differences in social capital from theories on the nature of welfare state regimes. We test these hypotheses with multi-level analyses on Eurobarometer data, collected in thirteen countries. We find significant variance across different countries. This variance is partly explained by individual characteristics: religious people and people living in medium-sized or rural towns have more social contacts. Moreover, we find quite differential effects of other individual characteristics on social contacts and no effects of political stances. Differences in the cross-national compositions in educational attainment and household size also account for the variance in social contacts. Finally, people living in social-democratic regimes turn out to have the smallest amount of social contacts, whereas people living in the Latin Rim have the largest amount. In between, we find people living in liberal, respectively, conservative-corporatist regimes. This explanation is opposed to the hypothesis that it is the difference in social security rates that causes differences in social capital.
A Study of Bellman-Ford, DSR and WRP Routing Protocols with Respect to Performance Parameters for Different Number of Nodes

A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a self starting dynamic network comprising of mobile nodes that is connected through a wireless medium forming rapidly changing topologies. MANET is infrastructure less and can be set up anytime, anywhere. This work presents the study of protocol properties of MANET routing protocols and analyzed them with respect to different number of nodes. The routing protocols considered are Bellman-Ford, DSR and WRP. The study among these routing protocols are based on protocol property parameters such as End-to-End Delay, Packet delivery ratio, Drop Ratio and Normalized Routing Load (NRL) with respect to different number of nodes.
Software-Architecture for Object Oriented Systems- Usability Patterns

Over the years the software engineering community has increasingly realized the important role of software architecture plays in fulfilling the quality requirements of a software system. It has been experienced that Software Architecture (SA) constrains the achievement of various quality attributes such as performance, security, maintainability and usability in a system. Reportedly, most software engineering projects reveals that a large number of usability related change requests are made after its deployment. Software patterns have proven to be a useful medium for capturing best practices. Building on the seminal work on software design patterns, usability patterns have been increasingly created to disseminate usability knowledge. In existing scenario-based software architecture analysis methods that focus on usability, the usage context is not employed to select scenarios used for analysis, it is known that understanding a specific usage context is important to carefully design for usability.
Are black bears a factor in the restoration of North American grizzly bear populations?

Abstract We assess the potential for American black bears (Ursus americanus) to limit the growth of colonizing or severely reduced grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) populations. Managers are faced with the challenge of increasing the size of small (N < 75) grizzly bear populations in the North Cascade, Selkirk, Cabinet–Yaak, and Bitterroot recovery areas of the USA and Canada. These populations are mainly limited by human-caused mortality. However, other factors such as competition from black bears could impose additional constraints. Brown and grizzly bears and American black bears evolved separately until about 13,000 years ago and, as a probable consequence, they can have substantial diet overlap. Where meat and roots are available, grizzly bears consume more of these foods than do black bears. Where fleshy fruits and succulent forbs are the primary high quality bear foods, as in the North Cascade, Selkirk, and Cabinet–Yaak ecosystems, dietary overlap between grizzly and black bears can be almost complete. Largely because they are smaller, black bears can exist at roughly 10 times the density of grizzly bears, use ranges that are, on average, four-fifths smaller, and are more efficient than grizzly bears at using low densities of small berries. We postulate that the primary impact of black bears on grizzly bears is through reduced reproduction and recruitment caused by exploitation competition, despite the documented ability of most grizzly bears to dominate most black bears during physical confrontations. Such an effect would be greatest in areas where both species rely on berries and forbs, where grizzly bear populations have been extirpated, substantially reduced, or are absent but within dispersal distance, and where black bear populations are comparatively robust. On this basis we postulate that exploitation competition by resident black bears, together with mortality caused by Native Americans, slowed or even curbed the invasion of grizzly bears east across North America during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. We also postulate that grizzly bears are absent on some coastal islands within dispersal distance of robust grizzly bear populations because of competitive exclusion by black bears.