Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Construction of a Mini Magnetic Levitation Train

This article presents the design and construction of a mini magnetic levitation train. The design of the train is based on the theory of 3-phase Linear Induction Motor (LIM). The train consists of two main sections. The first part is the linear induction motor, which is the part that drives the train to move. The second part is the magnetic field winding, which is the part that raises the body of the train to float over the rails. Such train can move forward/backward in the same principle as forward/reverse rotation control of 3-phase induction motors. For that reason, this research controls the forward/backward movement of the train with a magnetic contactor set by using the same circuit as the control of the rotation of the 3-phase induction motor. The designed train can lift 1 mm above the rails and move within a distance of 1.48 m along the length of the rails. The test results showed drive voltage, drive force, average time and drive speed of the train. From the details and results of this article can be used as a guide to create a larger magnetic levitation train, which can be used more effectively.
Fingerprinting Capacity Under the Marking Assumption

We study the maximum attainable rate or capacity of fingerprinting codes under the marking assumption. It is proved that capacity for fingerprinting against coalitions of size two and three over the binary alphabet satisfies 0.25 les C2,2 les 0.322 and 0.083 les C3,2 les 0.199 respectively. For coalitions of an arbitrary fixed size, we derive a closed-form upper bound on fingerprinting capacity in the binary case. Finally, for general alphabets, we establish upper bounds on the fingerprinting capacity involving only single-letter mutual information quantities.
Fuzzy logic for cross-layer optimization in cognitive radio networks

The search for the ultimate architecture for cross-layer optimization in cognitive radio networks is characterized by challenges such as modularity, interpretability, imprecision, scalability, and complexity constraints. In this article we propose fuzzy logic as an effective means of meeting these challenges, as far as both knowledge representation and control implementation are concerned.
Systemic Approach and Digital Addiction

This chapter underlines the relationship between the theoretical fundaments of systemic family therapy and digital addiction. This chapter works as a literature review with internet addiction, digital addiction, online addiction, and technology addiction. In this view, a literature assessment points out that systemic family therapy could be used as an intervention strategy in the treatment of digital addiction along with other therapies like psycho-social and cognitive-behavioral therapies. Therefore, a systemic approach to the treatment of digital addiction can strengthen the usual dynamics through an active systemic approach to digital addiction as a solution to digital addiction. An empirical investigation about the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of systemic approach is not the aim of this chapter.
Establishing the perimortem interval: correlation between bone moisture content and blunt force trauma characters

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST. ] When determining the time of occurrence of skeletal injuries forensic anthropologists know that antemortem skeletal injuries are recognized by evidence of healing. Perimortem and postmortem skeletal injuries are more difficult to distinguish between because neither shows evidence of healing. Additionally, bone does not lose its moisture and collagen immediately after death, so it continues to react to modifications in a perimortem rather than a postmortem manner. Using 60 porcine long bones, I documented the differences between macroscopic and microscopic blunt force trauma fracture characteristics as they varied when created every 28 days throughout a 141 day period. I determined how those changes correlated with bone moisture content and the postmortem interval. Results indicate that there is a significant relationship between postmortem interval and ash percentage, fracture surface, and fracture angle. There is also a significant correlation between overall assessment and postmortem interval, ash weight, fracture surface, and fracture angle as well as between ash weight and fracture surface and fracture angle.
A half-implant device on fingernails

Hand gesture feedback systems using tactile or visual information can only be used in given situations because of the limitations of the device features such as the need for a battery. In this paper, we propose a half-implant device located on the fingernail. The half-implant device consists of a radio frequency (RF) receiving antenna, small electronic parts, and UV gel. The UV gel is used to glue the parts onto the user's nail and cover the parts meant to be waterproof. The device receives power from the RF antenna; therefore, it does not require a battery to function. It notifies whether the finger is in a target site by lighting an LED or activating a vibration motor. The primary benefit of this device is that the user can feel hand gesture feedback, anytime and anywhere. The device can be placed on the users' fingernail for approximately three weeks. To verify the devices' influence on the users' pointing task, we conducted a preliminary user study. The task success rate was 100% over the sessions with tactile and visual feedback and 97% without feedback. The experiment revealed that the tactile notification reduced the task time by 12.3 % compared to that of the test with no feedback.
Children with communication disorders: possible applications of information technology and hypergravity to improve their development

Autism, the most severe form of communication disorders in children, is a multi-factorial disease that appears during the first 30 months of age and is attributed to brain dysfunction. As there is currently no treatment or prevention available, early diagnosis and primary intervention contributes to the improvement of the developmental process (communication, cognitive performance, social interaction, behavioural skills, and behavioural problems) and target to the adaptation to the environment. Nowadays, specific educational programs and psychotherapeutic methods are used worldwide and, recently, efforts are made to support learning through the use of computers. In this paper, a few ideas are presented for Information Technology (IT) and space medicine projects aiming to provide specific interventions to support autistic children in developing their potential and learning new skills. A new intervention method that uses ideas from hypergravity (enhancement of gravity cues on Earth) and space research is used to enhance the sensory capabilities of autistics in the environment of a special needs school. The use of computer based software and virtual environments are suggested to be utilised as both additional cues but also as evaluation strategies for the assessment of hypergravity results. The latter interventions are coupled with a home based care and educational program to facilitate physiological recordings of the autistics, and further promote the learning environment at home by incorporating the parents in the educational process in order to better fuse theory and practice in a familiar living environment, thereby assisting and starting to empower these disabled citizens to increase their autonomy and play some role in the society.
Accuracy of Lung Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Community Acquired Pneumonia as Compared to Chest X-Ray in Pediatric Age Group

Objective: It was aimed at investigating the role of lung ultrasonography in assessment of pneumonia as compared to chest x-ray in pediateric age group. Purpose: to evaluate the ultrasound efficiency in the assessment of pneumonia in pediatric age group as compared to chest x-ray. Methodology: This study was carried out at the general pediatric wards and PICUs of El-Demrdash hospital, Ain Shams University.40 patients were clinically diagnosed with pneumonia. For every child included in the study, a chest x-ray and a chest US were performed. Result: the detection rate of consolidative patches was higher in ultrasound compared to the x-ray technique. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is safe and accurate for the diagnosis suspected cases of community-acquired pneumonia and it is more sensitive than chest X-ray and allows a radiation-free technique for detection of consolidations in children, thus reducing radiation exposure in this population.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF DIPHENYLTIN(IV) DIBENZOATE AND TRIPHENYLTIN(IV) BENZOATE COMPOUNDS AGAINST BACILLUS SUBSTILIS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

The antibacterial activity test of 2 organotin(IV) compounds, diphenyltin(IV) dibenzoate (2) and triphenyltin(IV) benzoate (4) which were prepared by the reaction of diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide with benzoic acid has been pereformed. These compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopies and also based on the microanalytical data. The results of antibacterial activity by diffusion method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis showed that both compounds werre active at concentration of 200 ppm, which are about 3.89x 10-4 M for 2 and 4.47x10-4 M for 4, while the chloramphenicol, as control postive, at the same concentration 200 ppm ((6.1894 x 10-4 M), gave inhibition with halozone was bigger. This result indicated that both compounds have potential to be used as antibacterial substances
Recent Eco-Friendly Developments in Personal Protective Clothing Materials for Reducing Plastic Pollution: A Review

Due to the industrialization increase in the 20th century, the level of hazards for public health and the demand for personnel protective clothing (PPC) have increased. The area of PPC has been steered to high tech equipment made from plastic-based materials, which are derived from non-renewable sources and have a long life cycle expanding from hundreds to thousands of years, after their end of useful life. This paper reviews the information related to conventional plastic-based fibers, their properties, advantages, disadvantages, and applications in the battlefield, industry, automobiles, etc. This paper provides a basis for the selection of natural fibers and the replacement of conventional plastic-based fibers to reduce the plastic content in protective clothing or other composites. A comparative analysis of technological, environmental, economic and legal aspects of plastic-based and environment-friendly natural fibers is presented. Natural fiber-based composite protective clothing is found to be environment-friendly and considered to have prospects for the future due to its comparative technological, environmental, economic and legal advantages.
A Stochastic Model for Measuring Popularity and Reliability in Social Network Systems

Popularity and reliability information are crucial ingredients of today social networking systems such as Facebook, Linked In, YouTube, Twitter, and so on. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model for measuring and ranking popularity and reliability information in social networks. Specifically, by using the relationships between co-occurring users, we model a Markov chain for reliability measures and a queuing model for popularity measures based on time, space and scenarios. We then form a convex combination or fusion of the two measures to compute the Integrated Global Rank for social networks systems. Finally, we present some illustrative simulation results by using the social networks data collected from Twitter and YouTube. Experimental study indicates the effectiveness of proposed ranking algorithm in terms of better search results.
Fabrication of Asymmetric Supercapacitor Using Aqueous and Polymer Electrolytes for Energy Storage

Supercapacitors represent an attractive alternative for portable electronics and automotive applications due to their high capacitance, specific power and extended life. In fact, the growing demand of portable systems and hybrid electric vehicles, memory protection in CMOS, logic circuit, VCRs, CD players, PCs, UPS in security alarm systems, remote sensing, smoke detectors, etc. require high power in short-term pulses. So, in the last 20 years, supercapacitors have been required for the development of large and small devices driven by electrical power. In this paper, asymmetric supercapacitors with high energy density were successfully fabricated using graphene as negative electrode and polyaniline as positive electrode. The weight of active material was 5.6 mg. The surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical properties of the composite were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge measurements and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The separator was a filter paper soaked in aqueous potassium hydroxide (6M). This enhances both the specific capacitance to 620.76 F/g at scan rate of 1 mV/s and the energy density to 86.22Wh/kg. Another low leakage supercapacitor was fabricated using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) separator and 6 mole potassium hydroxide salt with specific capacitance of 220.35 F/g at scan rate of 1 mV/s.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Before and After Treatment.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the reversibility of MRI findings indicative of increased intracranial hypertension in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients after treatment. METHODS This retrospective, observational study included demographic and clinical data from 10 patients with IIH and 10 controls. Brain MRI findings in IIH patients were recorded twice: once when patients had papilledema and again after resolution of papilledema. Neuroradiologists graded MRI findings in both groups based on an imaging grading scale. RESULTS After resolution of papilledema, all patients showed improvement in 2 or more of the MRI characteristics of IIH. This was especially the case for the height of the midsagittal pituitary gland and optic nerve sheath thickness (ONST), which were significantly different in all pairwise group comparisons. Sellar configuration, globe configuration, and horizontal orbital optic nerve tortuosity were different between the IIH pre-treatment group and controls, but not between controls and the IIH post-treatment group. We found no difference in optic nerve head hyperintensity or optic nerve thickness among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that several morphometric MRI characteristics in IIH are reversible to a certain extent after treatment. Enlarged subarachnoid spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid seem to remain reduced, and the ONST and height of the pituitary gland are not fully normalized after treatment.
Loss of multiple enzyme activities due to the human genetic variation P284T in NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase

Cytochromes P450 located in the endoplasmic reticulum require NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) for their catalytic activities. Mutations in POR cause multiple disorders in humans related to the biosynthesis of steroid hormones and also affect drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 activities. Here we are reporting the effects of a POR genetic variant P284T which is located in the hinge region of POR that is necessary for the flexibility of domain movements. Human wild-type and P284T mutant of POR, as well as cytochrome P450 proteins, were expressed in bacteria, purified and then reconstituted in liposomes for enzyme kinetic assays. Quality of POR proteins was checked by cytochrome c, ferricyanide and tetrazolium dye reduction assay and measurements flavin content. We found that for the P284T variant of POR the cytochrome c reduction activity was reduced to 47% of the WT and MTT reduction was reduced to only 15% of the WT. No impact on ferricyanide reduction activity was observed, but a severe loss of CYP19A1 (aromatase) activity was observed (9% of WT). In the assays of drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes, the P284T variant of POR showed 26% activity for CYP2C9, 44% activity for CYP2C19, 23% activity for CYP3A4 and 44% activity in CYP3A5 assays compared to the WT POR. These results indicate a severe effect on several cytochrome P450 activities due to the P284T variation in POR which suggests a negative impact on both the steroid as well as drug metabolism in the individuals carrying this variation.
Predictors of Long-term Opioid Use Following Lumbar Fusion Surgery

Study Design. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for long-term opioid use following lumbar spinal fusion surgery in a nationally representative cohort of commercially insured adults. Summary of Background Data. Opioid prescription rates for the management of low back pain have more than doubled in the US over the past decade. Although opioids are commonly used for the management of pain following lumbar spinal fusion surgery, to date, no large-scale nationally representative studies have examined the risk factors for long-term opioid use following such surgical intervention. Methods. Using one of the nation's largest commercial insurance databases, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 8377 adults, aged 21 to 63 years, who underwent lumbar spinal fusion surgery between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2012. Long-term opioid use was defined as ≥365 days of filled opioid prescriptions in the 24 months following lumbar fusion. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of long-term opioid use following lumbar fusion. Results. After adjusting for covariates, the following factors were associated with an increased risk of long-term opioid use following surgery: duration of opioid use in the year before lumbar surgery [Referent (0 days); Quartile 1 (1–22 days) OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.48–3.49; Quartile 2 (23–72 days): OR = 5.94, 95% CI = 4.00–8.83; Quartile 3: (73–250 days) OR = 25.31, 95% CI = 17.26–37.10; Quartile 4 (≥250 days) OR = 219.95, 95% CI = 148.53–325.71)], refusion surgery (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02–1.72), and diagnosis of depression (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.18–1.74). Receipt of anterior fusion was associated with a modest decrease in the risk of long-term opioid use (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63–0.99). Conclusion. These findings may provide clinically relevant information to physicians, patients, and their families regarding the risk factors for opioid dependence following lumbar fusion surgery. Level of Evidence: 3
Value of tomography in detecting breast masses and discriminating malign and benign lesions.

Objectives The main purpose of the present study was to determine the effectivity of computerized tomography (CT) in detecting breast masses and discriminating masses as malignant or benign. Material and Methods After having received the institutional local ethics committee approval, an experienced radiologist who did not participate in the study created a patient pool by searching our health center's Pathology department database between 2010 and 2018. The group created consisted of dense and non-dense breast types equally and included approximately similar percentages of benign and malignant breast mass sizes. Finally, 70 subjects were included: 30 females with definite malign, 20 with definite benign breast masses, and 20 without any breast pathology based on mammography and ultrasonography results, who were considered as the control group. Three experienced Radiologists (R1, R2, R3) who were not aware of the final diagnosis evaluated all images independently. Radiologist performance was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and interobserver reliability values were estimated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis. Results The diagnostic accuracy suitability of CT according to BI-RADS scores for R1, R2 and R3 were found as p <0.001, p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively. There were significant interobserver reliability rates between all investigators (p= 0.0001). Conclusion CT may be used as a valuable diagnostic tool in discriminating breast masses with further training in widely varying appearances of normal breast tissues leading to false positive findings.
Fault Diagnosis of Neural Network Modelled Mechanical Systems using a Sparse Bayesian Learning Framework

The increasing complexity of mechanical systems has resulted in an increased usage and dependence on data driven modelling techniques in order to obtain simple yet accurate models of these systems. Neural networks have emerged as a popular modelling choice due to their proven ability to learn complex nonlinear relationships between inputs and outputs of any given system. Moreover, they are capable of generalizing on data that they have not been trained on. The downside of modelling with neural networks is that they do not provide any insight into the dynamics of the system they model. This limits the application of neural networks in carrying out fault diagnosis of mechanical systems to just the fault detection and isolation (FDI) tasks. While in some applications this may be sufficient, sometimes alongside FDI, it is also desirable to carry out a fault identification task in order to determine the necessary adjustments to bring the faulty system back to its normal operating condition. This thesis explores the possibility of carrying out a fault identification task alongside an FDI task for a mechanical system that has been modelled by a neural network. Traditionally, the weights of a trained neural network represent the strength of a connection between the two neurons they connect. The possibility of an existing correlation between the weights of a neural network and the properties of the mechanical system being modelled is a concept that has not been fully explored yet. This study considers that such a relation exists, implying that the change in certain properties of the mechanical system due to the occurrence of a fault can be related to a change in the corresponding weights of the neural network modelling the system. Consequently, the change in weights of the neural network could give an insight into the fault occurrence in a mechanical system. Taking this idea forward, two fault diagnosis algorithms have been proposed in this study - a fault detection algorithm using adaptive threshold, and a fault isolation a identification algorithm based on sparse Bayesian learning framework. The proposed algorithms were tested on (hypothetical) faulty linear and non-linear systems. The results show that the adaptive threshold based fault detection algorithm was successful in detecting the occurrence of faults in the linear system. For the non-linear system, although a simplistic neural network was used to model the system, the fault detection algorithm was still successful while returning few and sparse false positives and negatives. The fault isolation a identification algorithm was also successful in isolating and identifying all the changed weights in the neural networks modelling the system for both linear and non-linear cases. Although the algorithms proposed show promising results for the experiments conducted, further research is needed to establish the suitability of using them in real world applications.