Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Naïve Bayes Weighted SVM Method in Movie Review Classification

-Classification of movie review belongs to the domain of text classification, particularly in the field of sentiment analysis. Popular text classification methods for the process include Support Vector Maching (SVM) and Naïve Bayes. Both methods are known to have good performance in handling text classification individually separately. Combination of the two may be expected to improve the classification performance compared to the performance of each individual method. This paper reports an effort to classify movie review using the combined method of SVM with Naïve Bayes as the weighting factor, which is commonly called NBSVM. Our work shows that higher accuracy is obtained when classification is done using NBSVM rather than using individual methods. Accuracy at the level of 88.8% is attained when using the combined feature of unigram and bigram with only data cleansing in the pre-processing stage.
Steuerung der Benetzungseigenschaften von optisch transparenten Polymeren durch Antireflexstrukturen und dünne Schichten

Antireflexstrukturen können durch zusätzliche Beschichtungen superhydrophobe oder auch langzeitstabile superhydrophile Eigenschaften erlangen. Die durch Plasmaätzen erzeugten Strukturen sind dabei deutlich kleiner als die Wellenlängen des sichtbaren Lichtes und erhöhen auch die Transmission der modifizierten Proben. Noppenartige Strukturen mit großem Aspektverhältnis erreichen den Lotus‐Zustand unmittelbar nach Überschichten mit einem hydrophoben Material. Bei PMMA wird ein Lotus‐Effekt erst dann beobachtet, wenn unter der hydrophoben Deckschicht noch eine dünne SiO2‐Schicht angeordnet wird.
Automobile CAN Bus Network Security and Vulnerabilities

- The modern automobile uses a network of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to implement systems such as door locks, anti-lock brakes, and engine control. Several bus protocols have been used in the implementation of these systems, with the most popular being the CAN bus. The CAN bus has been designed with security, but its accessible design has many vulnerabilities. The transition from isolated mechanical systems to networked electrical systems has enhanced the performance of automobiles but has made them more vulnerable to network attackers. In this paper, we will discuss the vulnerabilities of the CAN bus. Based on our research we will propose several security concepts, and finally discuss why security in the future is important, and why it should be an upfront requirement while designing vehicles. As vehicles become more connected to wireless networks, CAN bus security becomes more important.
A Cautionary Tale: How Co-Constructed Work Obligations Lead to ICT-Related Technostress

Technostress is a growing area of research and a concern for practitioners. So far, IS research on technostress has focused on either neurophysiological or psychological measurements. We argue for a sociological approach that allows us to reveal the socially co-created obligations around using ICTs (information and communication technologies). We ask, "What can the sociological analytical concept of obligation reveal about ICT related technostress in organizations? " To investigate this question, we use the sociological concept of obligation. We conduct interpretative research based on qualitative interviews. We contribute to IS technostress research by employing the analytical lens of obligation, which allows us to find that employees see technostress as their individual obligation and devise strategies to avoid it. These strategies add to their technostress and augment group obligations that can lead to technostress for the collective. Furthermore, we find that tensions between overlapping obligations that cannot be carried out simultaneously augment
Automatic de nition of the objective function for model-based hand tracking

Estimating the con guration and pose of articulated objects such as the human body, has high theoretical interest and practical usage. In this work, we are particularly interested in methods for robust and e cient hand tracking and hand pose estimation. Quite recently, model-based approaches have produced very promising results with respect to these problems. The current state of the art method recovers the 3D position, orientation and 20 DOF articulation of a human hand from markerless visual observations obtained by an RGB-D sensor. According to this method, which is used as a baseline in this work, hand pose estimation is formulated as an optimization problem, seeking for the hand model parameters that minimize the discrepancy between the appearance of hypothesized hand con gurations and the actual hand observation. The discrepancy between observations and hypotheses is quanti ed by an objective function that combines several features. The design of this function is of utmost importance to the optimization process as the quality of the nal result depends critically on it. At the same time, the design of this function is a complicated process that requires a lot of prior experience with the problem as well as the integration of empirical evidence that is acquired in a time consuming iterative process. The goal of this work is to de ne tools and processes that automate the de nition of the objective function in such optimization problems. More speci cally, we employed regression analysis techniques to de ne an objective function automatically, i.e., without requiring considerable prior experience to the problem at hand. First, a set of relevant, candidate image features is computed. Then, given data sets with ground truth information, regression analysis is used to combine features from the original set in an objective function that seeks to maximize optimization performance. Regression analysis was performed on datasets of quasi-random hand pose con gurations as well as on hand poses obtained through hand tracking. Extensive experiments study the performance of the proposed approach based on di erent regression methods, dataset generation strategies and feature selection techniques. A variety of tests has shown that the optimization results obtained by the derived objective functions are comparable to those obtained by using the objective function de ned by problem experts. Thus, the process of objective function de nition can be automated to a certain extent. Finally, we present topics of future work that could lead, eventually, to a fully automated methodology for determining the objective function in such problems.
IMMUNO-PATHOGENESIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human pathogens that can cause gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including simple gastritis, gastric ulcer and malignant gastritis. In some cases, such as immunodeficiency and underlying diseases, it can be problematic as opportunistic infections. Diabetes mellitus (type 2) (DMT2) is one of the H. pylori underlying diseases. Results of current study showed a high incidence of infection in the age group (45-55) years old and (54-65) years old as (no. = 23.0, 24.0) and percentage as (38.3, 40)% respectively. The study showed high positive rate of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG and IgM antibodies in patients group compared to healthy persons, as the positivity of antibody IgG was 90%, while the antibody IgM was 73.3% compared to the control group. The results also showed a high IL-6 level in patients 94.45 ng/L compared with healthy persons 63.28 ng / L with a difference Significantly (P  0.01) and low level of complement proteins C4 and C3 in patient 527.50 μg/ml and 0.27 mg/ml, respectively, with a significant difference (groups P  0.05) compared with healthy persons. The results also showed increase of acute phase protein (CRP) positivity in the patients group which reached (18) by 30%.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of a new end-to-end thiocyanato-bridged dicobalt(II) complex CoII(dien)(H2O)(NCS)(μ1,3-NCS)CoII(dien)(NCS)2 (dien = diethylenetriamine)

Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the first single µ1,3-thiocyanato-bridged dicobalt(II) compound, [CoII(dien)(H2O)(NCS)(µ1,3-NCS)CoII(dien)(NCS)2] (1; dien = diethylenetriamine), are described. In 1, cobalt(II) is six coordinate with distorted-octahedral geometry. The Co(1) ··· Co(2) distance is 5.99 Å. The magnetic properties of 1 have been investigated by variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. The metal centers are coupled by weak ferromagnetic interaction (J = 1.14 cm−1). The structure and magnetic properties are compared with related thiocyanate-bridged compounds.
A Parameterization of the Cloud Scattering Polarization Signal Derived From GPM Observations for Microwave Fast Radative Transfer Models

Microwave cloud polarized observations have shown the potential to improve precipitation retrievals since they are linked to the orientation and shape of ice habits. Stratiform clouds show larger brightness temperature (TB) polarization differences (PDs), defined as the vertically polarized TB (TBV) minus the horizontally polarized TB (TBH), with ~10 K PD values at 89 GHz due to the presence of horizontally aligned snowflakes, while convective regions show smaller PD signals, as graupel and/or hail in the updraft tend to become randomly oriented. The launch of the global precipitation measurement (GPM) microwave imager (GMI) has extended the availability of microwave polarized observations to higher frequencies (166 GHz) in the tropics and midlatitudes, previously only available up to 89 GHz. This study analyzes one year of GMI observations to explore further the previously reported stable relationship between the PD and the observed TBs at 89 and 166 GHz, respectively. The latitudinal and seasonal variability is analyzed to propose a cloud scattering polarization parameterization of the PD-TB relationship, capable of reconstructing the PD signal from simulated TBs. Given that operational radiative transfer (RT) models do not currently simulate the cloud polarized signals, this is an alternative and simple solution to exploit the large number of cloud polarized observations available. The atmospheric radiative transfer simulator (ARTS) is coupled with the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model, in order to apply the proposed parameterization to the RT simulated TBs and hence infer the corresponding PD values, which show to reproduce the observed GMI PDs well.
The LIFE mission: a space mission designed to characterize terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres

The atmospheric characterization of a significant number of terrestrial planets, including the search for habitable and potentially inhabited planets, is arguably the major goal of exoplanetary science and one of the most challenging questions in 21st century astrophysics. However, despite being at the top of the agenda of all major space agencies and ground-based observatories, none of the currently planned projects or missions worldwide neither in Europe, nor in the US, China or India has the technical capabilities to achieve this goal. Here we present the LIFE Mission, which addresses this issue by investigating the scientific potential and technological challenges of an ambitious mission employing a formation-flying nulling interferometer in space working at mid-infrared wavelengths [3, 1]. Breakthroughs in our understanding of the exoplanet population as well as significant progress in relevant technologies justify the need, but also the feasibility for a future mission like LIFE to investigate one of the most fundamental questions of mankind: are we alone in the Universe?
FORTH-ICS / TR-392 July 2007 Network Interface Architecture and Prototyping for Chip and Cluster Multiprocessors

As computing and embedded systems evolve towards highly parallel multiprocessors, major research and development efforts are being focused on network interface (NI) architectures that enable efficient interprocessor communication (IPC). This thesis is focused on NI architecture, prototyping and design issues for cluster and chip multiprocessors. This work includes the development of a NI queue manager, key NI design issues with respect to IPC and a proposed NI design well suited to chip multiprocessors. The first part of this thesis presents the architecture design and implementation of a NI queue manager that supports Virtual Output Queuing, Variable-Size Multi-Packet Segmentation and QFC flow control. To increase the available network buffer space VOQs can migrate to external memory in the form of memory blocks connected in linked-lists. FreeList Bypass and Free Block Preallocation optimization techniques are employed to minimize the required number of accesses to external memory and achieve higher bandwidth. In addition, a novel packet processing mechanism that converts arbitrary traffic segments into autonomous network packets was implemented. Detailed FPGA hardware cost results are presented for each individual module, as well as for three different implementations of the queue manager. Network performance experiments were carried out using the developed queue manager on a FPGA-based prototyping platform and confirmed previous theoretical and simulation results about the behavior and performance of the buffered crossbar switch.
A periodic table of ion charge state distributions observed in the transition region between vacuum sparks and vacuum arcs

Ion charge state distributions have been measured with high time resolution for short and long arc pulses. Data for 3 /spl mu/s and quasi-steady state are given for most conductive elements in a Periodic Table. The mean ion charge states can be fitted by functions of the form Q~=Q~/sub t/spl rarr//spl infin// [1+A exp(-t//spl tau/)] where A is an enhancement function that depends on the power density. For the present conditions, A/spl sim/1 and /spl tau//spl sim/50 /spl mu/s.
On Human (Symbolic) Nature

The concept of human nature has been challenged by social scientists because of its inability to clearly delineate the distinction between the biologically inherited and experientially acquired attributes of being human. Yet the very fact of being susceptible to acquired cultural influences irrelevant to other species makes clear that this is an evolutionarily constrained susceptibility. Symbolic processes are the source of the most important and distinctively human acquired influences, and include both linguistically mediated and habitually reproduced social conventions. Susceptibility to these influences arose due to the evolution of neurological adaptations that support symbolic communication and cognition. Although human brains do not include any structures that lack ape homologues, the slight reorganization that made symbolic abilities ubiquitous has also created the possibility for socially transmitted information to radically reorganize mental functions. In this essay I re-analyze the concept of symbolic reference in order to overcome equivocal and ambiguous uses of the concept that obscure the special nature of these adaptations and thus blind research to the complex bio-cultural interactions that produce some of the most ubiquitous and unprecedented features of being human. These include modifications of memory functions, emotional experiences, the nature of identity, and the range of mental plasticity.
Encapsulation of cinnamon oil in -cyclodextrin

Inclusion complexes between the Cinnamomum verum essential oil and -cyclodextrin were prepared by co-precipitation method with the four oil to -cyclodextrin ratios of 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 and 20:80 (w/w) in order to determine the effect of the ratio on the inclusion efficiency of -cyclodextrin for encapsulating oil volatiles. The characterization of the complex involved the analysis of the initial essential oil, the surface and the total extracted oils. The retention of essential oil volatiles reached a maximum of 94.18% at the oil to -cyclodextrin ratio of 10:90. Though, the maximum inclusion efficiency of -cyclodextrin was achieved at the ratio of 15:85, in which the complex powder contained 117.2 mg of oil/g of -cyclodextrin. Thirty-one flavor compounds were detected in the original oil and 21 compounds with the content higher than 0.10% were considered in complexation process. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatiles in the total oil extracts was similar to the starting oil. However the chromatographic profile of the surface adsorbed oil was different. The thirteen major flavor compounds, found in the commercial C. verum essential oil, were present in all of the extracts, but in the different proportions between the total and surface oil extracts.
Grid-Stretching Capability for the GEOS-Chem 13.0.0 Atmospheric
Chemistry Model

Abstract. Modeling atmospheric chemistry at fine resolution globally is computationally expensive; the capability to focus on specific geographic regions using a multiscale grid is desirable. Here, we develop, validate, and demonstrate stretched-grids in the GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry model in its high performance implementation (GCHP). These multiscale grids are specified at runtime by four parameters that offer users nimble control of the region that is refined and the resolution of the refinement. We validate the stretched-grid simulation versus global cubed-sphere simulations. We demonstrate the operation and flexibility of stretched-grid simulations with two case studies that compare simulated tropospheric NO2 column densities from stretched-grid and cubed-sphere simulations to retrieved column densities from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). The first case study uses a stretched-grid with a broad refinement covering the contiguous US to produce simulated columns that perform similarly to a C180 (~50 km) cubed-sphere simulation at less than one-ninth the computational expense. The second case study experiments with a large stretch-factor for a global stretched-grid simulation with a highly localized refinement with ~10 km resolution for California. We find that the refinement improves spatial agreement with TROPOMI columns compared to a C90 cubed-sphere simulation of comparable computational demands, despite conducting the simulation at a finer resolution than parent meteorological fields. Overall we find that stretched-grids in GEOS-Chem are a practical tool for fine resolution regional- or continental-scale simulations of atmospheric chemistry. Stretched-grids are available in GEOS-Chem version 13.0. 0.
Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for microwave- induced rapid catalytic decolorization of congo red dye

The ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized by co-precipitating method followed by calcining at 500 o C for 4 h. The characterization data show that the synthesized ZnO NPs were present in hexagonal wurtzite structure and space group P63mc with high purity and good crystalline nature. The synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for decolorization of congo red (CR) dye under microwave irradiation using microwave induced catalytic (MIC) method. The investigation results showed that the microwave induced ZnO NPs process could effectively decolorize the CR dye with the efficiency approaches 90.63% in a short contact time under given condition of 10 mg/l CR dye, 300 watt of microwave power, 3 min of contact time, and 3 g/l of catalyst dosage. Since the microwave-induced catalytic process in this study is noticeable, the microwave technology coupled with ZnO NPs as catalyst may have synergistic effects on the decolorization of CR dye giving high degradation ratio in short reaction time. Therefore, the microwave technology can be used as an alternative option to enhance the catalytic activity of metal nanoparticles dealing with removal of various industrial dyes containing wastewater. Copyright © 2013 VBRI press.
Directed motion of elongated active polymers

Previous work shows that a net directed motion arises from a system of individual particles undergoing run-and-tumble dynamics in the presence of an array of asymmetric barriers. Here, we show that when the individual particle is replaced by a chain of particles linked to each other by spring forces (polymer), the rectification is enhanced. It is found that the rectification increases when the number of particles in each polymer, as well as its length, increases. In addition, the rectification increases when the size of the opening between neighboring funnel tips, lo, decreases. Interestingly, if the conformal entropic difference exceeds the thermal diffusion, a net directed motion is observed even when the run-and-tumble dynamics approaches Brownian motion. Also, when the inelastic collisions between the particles and the barriers are replaced by elastic collisions, a reversed rectification is observed.
Targeting tumor resistance mechanisms

Cancer develops resistance to treatments through many mechanisms. Single-cell analyses reveal the intratumor heterogeneity and dynamic relationships between cancer cell subpopulations. These analyses also highlight that various mechanisms of resistance may coexist in a given tumor. Studies have unraveled how the microenvironment affects tumor response to treatments and how cancer cells may adapt to these treatments. Though challenging, individualized treatment based on the molecular characterization of the tumor should become the new standard of care. In the meantime, the success rate of clinical trials in oncology remains dramatically low. There is a need to do better and improve the predictability of preclinical models. This requires innovative changes in ex vivo models and the culture system currently being used. An innovative ligand design is also urgently needed. The limited arsenal of medicinal chemistry reactions and the biases of scaffold selection favor structurally similar compounds with linear shapes at the expense of disc and spherical shapes, which leave a large chemical shape space untouched. In this regard, venoms have received increasing interest as a wellspring for drug candidates. Overall, the characterization of tumor heterogeneity has contributed to advancing our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie cancer resistance to treatments. Targeting these mechanisms will require setting key milestones to significantly improve the translatability of preclinical studies to the clinic with the hope of increasing the success rate of clinical trials.
Two-step synthesis of MnCo 2 S 4 nanowires for supercapacitor electrode

In this study, MnCo2S4 nanowires were synthesized on 3D-Ni foam by the hydrothermal process in two-step and investigated as supercapacitor electrode material. Crystal structure and morphology analyzes of MnCo2S4 nanowires were performed. Electrochemical measurements were taken in 1 M of a potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte solution. The specific capacitance value calculated from GCD measurement taken at a current density of 0.5 A g from the sample was 450 F g. Furthermore, the sample have good cycling stability by keeping 46% of the initial specific capacitance after 3000 cycles.