Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) capacity, uptake and completion rate in the East of England

Introduction: PR is key in the management of chronic respiratory disease 1 . Despite its supportive evidence, access to PR remains an issue in the UK. Additionally, variation exists in both uptake and completion of PR 2 . The EoE Strategic Clinical Network (SCN) collected regional PR data showing great variation in access, uptake and completion rate. The SCN aimed to address this through our PR network. Method: In 2011, a regional PR Network was formed to enable improvements through sharing of best practice and the collection of meaningful data. A data-set was agreed and quarterly data was collected from all providers. We collected the number of available PR places and the number of people starting and completing PR for each locality. Data was shared with commissioners and providers through CCG-specific reports, providing data and making recommendations for improvements. Strategies for improvement were discussed during network meetings. Results: Compared to 13/14, regional PR capacity increased by 216 places (3.3%) between 13/14 and 15/16. Uptake of available PR places remained the same at 73% in 14/15 compared to 13/14. PR completion rate increased from 62% in 13/14 to 65% in 14/15. Conclusion: An improvement was seen in both PR capacity as well as completion from 13/14. Although capacity remains low (54% of target) there was an underutilisation of available PR places regionally (27%). Although completion rate improved it continued to vary 2.75-fold between providers during 14/15. References: 1. British Thoracic Society (BTS). Guideline on Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Adults. Thorax. 2013; 68 (suppl 2) 2. Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Time to Breathe Better (2015). Available at: https://goo.gl/TUL9Ec.
Do We Share a Language? Communitarism and Its Challenges

The idea that natural languages are shared by speakers within linguistic communities is often taken for granted. Several philosophers even take the notion of shared language as fundamental and that allows them to use it in further explanations. However, to justify the claim that speakers share a language, it should be possible to demarcate the shared language somehow. In this paper, I discuss: A) the explanatory role which the notion of shared language can play, and B) a strategy for demarcating shared languages from within the linguistic production of speakers. The aim of this paper is to show that the indeterminate nature of meaning in natural languages problematizes the intuitive idea of natural languages as shared.
Transcriptome analysis of somatic cell populations in the Drosophila testis links metabolism and stemness

Due to its simple cellular architecture and genetic tractability the fly testis was one of the first model systems in which stem cell - niche interactions were studied at the molecular level. However, to date there is no comprehensive information on the endogenous, cell type specific transcription profiles associated with either stem cell or differentiated states. Focusing on the somatic lineage we have therefore isolated CySCs, differentiated CyCs, hub cells, and stem cell-like tumour cells overexpressing Zfh1, and have mapped their transcriptomes by RNAseq. Here we report i) that the different somatic cell populations show extensive, genome wide differences in transcription levels, in particular associated with energy metabolism and innate immune signalling, ii) that differential activation of multiple signalling pathways renders Zfh1 overexpressing tumour cells unsuitable for use as a stem cell model, and iii) that the transcriptome data could be successfully used for identifying genes with stem cell specific expression patterns and for predicting aspects of stem cell physiology whose relevance for stem cell function could be validated in preliminary experiments. The present data set should therefore facilitate future research on the interaction of stem cells with their niche using the highly successful fly testis model system.
Oro-facial Injuries and Mouth Guard use in British National League Water Polo Players

Objectives: The objective of this cross-sectional study is to assess the prevalence of facial, oral and dental injuries and frequency of mouth guard use amongst British Men's National Division 1 water polo players. Material and methods: All National League Division 1 water polo club squads were included in the study. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that sought information regarding injuries and mouth guard use. Results: One hundred and sixteen completed questionnaires were returned (87% response rate). Ninety four percent of subjects reported having experienced at least one facial, oral or dental injury whilst playing water polo. Of the injuries sustained, those to the lips and tongue were the most prevalent (84.5%). Facial injuries were also common. Forty percent of those injured, reported having sustained at least one dental injury, of which tooth fracture was the most common. More than seventy percent believed that mouth guards were effective at preventing injury but mouth guards were worn regularly when playing by only 8 respondents. Conclusions: It was concluded that facial, oral and dental injuries were very common. Seventy percent believed that mouth guards were effective at preventing injury but mouth guards were worn regularly during matches by few respondents.
Custom-Made Compression Garments in Sport: Do They Work for Performance and Recovery?

The aim of this study was to investigate performance and recovery benefits of wearing custom-made versus ‘off-shelf’ CG, during and after a 5km running time trial. Eight recreational runners performed three 5km running time trials at self-selected pace, with a week separating trials. Runs were performed wearing running shorts (control), custom-made CG and ‘off-shelf’ CG, with trials completed in counter-balanced order. Custom-made CG were full-length lower limb design, custom-made to each participant (Kurio Compression, Nottinghamshire, UK). Performance CG were worn during the trial and recovery CG were worn for 8hr after the completion of the trial, with variations in applied pressure distinguishing between garments. ‘Off-shelf’ CG were fitted according to manufactures guidelines (height and weight). Run time, pre and post blood lactate and gas analysis data (VE, VO₂, VO₂/kg) were recorded. Biomechanical analysis took place to assess COM displacement, stride length, frequency, cycle time and running velocity. Creatine kinase was taken pre, post and 24hr after the trials. Participants recorded perceived level of DOMS through a VAS, pre, post, 12hr and 24hr after running trials, thus assessing recovery. Run time was quickest wearing custom-made CG (1378±144s) with a significant difference versus ‘off-shelf’ (p=.04, d=.24, small effect) but no significant differences versus control (p=.452, .09, trivial effect). No significant differences (p>.05) between the two CG were found in heart rate, blood lactate, VO₂/kg, creatine kinase and biomechanical measures. Custom-made CG improved the perception of recovery best at 12 hours -19.18±23.64%, with a moderate effect size versus other conditions (vs. control: d=.62, vs. ‘off-shelf’: d=.64). No significant differences (p>.05) at 24 hours were noted between all conditions, suggesting full recovery was achieved. This data suggests that CG provide some benefit during and after a 5km run, but superiority between custom-made and ‘off-shelf’ CG remain inconclusive.
MEKANİK TESİSAT PROJELERİNDE BEST WORST VE NÖTROSOFİK AHP ENTEGRE MODELİYLE HATA TÜRÜ VE ETKİLERİ ANALİZİ

Hata turu ve etkileri analizi (FMEA), sistemlerdeki, tasarimlardaki, urunlerdeki, projelerdeki veya projelerdeki guvenligi iyilestirmeyi, tanimlamayi, degerlendirmeyi ve en aza indirmeyi hedefleyen bir risk degerlendirme aracidir. Risk onceligi numarasi (RPN), FMEA bazli risk degerlendirme uygulamalari icin temel degerlendirme kriteridir. RPN'in olusum (O), siddeti (S) ve tespiti (D) gibi risk faktorlerine dayanarak uygun sekilde hesaplanmalidir. Bununla birlikte, geleneksel RPN hesaplama yontemi, risk faktorlerinin agirligini goz onunde bulundurmamak gibi bircok nedenden dolayi agir bicimde elestirilmistir. Geleneksel FMEA yonteminin bu dezavantajinin ustesinden gelmek icin, bu makale, mekanik tesisat projeleri icin Best Worst method (BWM) ve Notrosofik analitik hiyerarsi sureci (NAHP) ile entegre modelini iceren FMEA modelini onermektedir. FMEA parametresi S, O ve D'nin agirliklari, BWM yontemiyle hesaplanir ve bu da, tutarli bir sekilde ikili karsilastirma ve guvenilir sonuclar saglar. Daha sonra dokuz ariza modu, NAHP metodu ile S, O ve D parametreleri acisindan degerlendirilir. Ariza modlarinin risk onceliklerini belirlemek icin risk oncelik endeksleri hesaplanir. Son olarak, belirlenen ariza modlari icin onleyici tedbirler onerilmistir.
Heart rate as a marker of incidence and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in different populations: Evidence from Linked Electronic Health Records using the CALIBER platform and the 4C clinical cohort

Background: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an easily accessible clinical parameter. In spite of the well-established association between resting heart rate and mortality in men and women, potential links between the marker and more specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have not yet been explored. No previous research has used clinically collected RHR measurements from primary care settings. Normal RHR values have not been firmly established, although this is crucial in clinical practice and promotion of personalised health care. Objectives: The main objectives of this PhD are to: -Examine the association between RHR and the onset of specific fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular diseases -Examine the association between RHR and the prognosis of people with coronary artery disease (CAD) --Investigate the association between RHR and the onset and prognosis of atrial fibrillation -Describe the establishment of a consented clinical cohort resource of patients with CAD (4C) -Compare electronic health records (EHR) processes and data with the 4C consented clinical cohort Methods: I used CALIBER, a linked electronic health records (EHR) platform that links primary and secondary care data, myocardial infarction disease registry and mortality data. Additionally, to establish a clinical cohort of people with CAD, I consented, recruited and collected anthropometric and biomarker data including RHR from patients attending chest pain clinics and angiography labs in London. Results: RHR was associated with myocardial and arrhythmic disorders, but not with coronary disease or peripheral arterial disease. An average RHR of >70bpm in the general population was associated with increased hazards of specific CVDs and mortality particularly in men and should not be considered as normal. Additionally, increased RHR was strongly associated with higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes not currently considered as primary endpoints in trials, such as heart failure. Finally, higher HR is strongly associated with atrial fibrillation in men, but not in women. Conclusions: EHR provides a wealth of primary care data, so far unexplored that give insight into associations of heart rate with CVDs in healthy and CAD populations. Average RHR of >70bpm in the general male population is associated with increased myocardial and arrhythmic disorders risk, but not with coronary disease. Disaggregation of CVDs into its constituent phenotypes contributes to our understanding of disease mechanisms with implications for clinical practice and interpretation of clinical trials.
Effects of 1,8-Cineole on the Activity of Cyclooxygenase and Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2 Isoforms

Purpose: The anti-inflammatory effects of 1,8âcineole (eucalyptol) in the treatment of acute bronchitis and treatment of chronic airway diseases like asthma as well as hay fever have been observed in clinical practice for some time. The anti-inflammatory effect has been proven in numerous studies. Material and methods: The effect of 1,8-cineole on the activity of cyclooxygenase and its two isoforms (COXâ1 and COXâ2) were analysed and compared with the effects of indomethacin and celecoxib. Results: The ratio between the concentrations required to achieve 50% inhibition of COXâ1 and COXâ2 isoform activity was found to be 73.5. Discussion: For indomethacin, the ratio is 9.71 and for celecoxib 79.5. For indomethacin, it is about 10 times less than that of 1,8âcineole. Conclusion: The present study provides useful data suggesting that 1,8âcineole is a specific COXâ2 blocker.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Following Bilateral Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flaps

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an atypical ulcerative cutaneous condition, with an estimated six cases per million people per year in the United States.1 One-half of patients have idiopathic disease, and it is most commonly associated with underlying systemic inflammatory conditions or hematologic malignancies.1,2 There have been several reported cases of PG following breast reduction procedures; however, postsurgical PG (PSPG) is rarely seen following autologous tissue breast reconstruction.3 In this article, the authors report the clinical course, treatment, and outcome of a patient diagnosed with PSPG following a delayed breast reconstruction with bilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps. The objective of reporting this case is to further the understanding of the clinical presentation and treatment of PSPG as a complication in patients who present with cutaneous ulcerations following autologous tissue breast reconstruction.
Strategies for Pre-training Graph Neural Networks

Many applications of machine learning require a model to make accurate pre-dictions on test examples that are distributionally different from training ones, while task-specific labels are scarce during training. An effective approach to this challenge is to pre-train a model on related tasks where data is abundant, and then fine-tune it on a downstream task of interest. While pre-training has been effective in many language and vision domains, it remains an open question how to effectively use pre-training on graph datasets. In this paper, we develop a new strategy and self-supervised methods for pre-training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). The key to the success of our strategy is to pre-train an expressive GNN at the level of individual nodes as well as entire graphs so that the GNN can learn useful local and global representations simultaneously. We systematically study pre-training on multiple graph classification datasets. We find that naive strategies, which pre-train GNNs at the level of either entire graphs or individual nodes, give limited improvement and can even lead to negative transfer on many downstream tasks. In contrast, our strategy avoids negative transfer and improves generalization significantly across downstream tasks, leading up to 9.4% absolute improvements in ROC-AUC over non-pre-trained models and achieving state-of-the-art performance for molecular property prediction and protein function prediction.
Omnidirectional low frequency energy harvester for wearable applications

We present an omnidirectional energy harvester with lowest resonance mode at 14.85 Hz. The geometry is designed as a spiral shaped, 500 μm thick PZT lateral bimorph to achieve a low resonance frequency while minimizing the area required. The resonance modes and frequencies of the energy harvester are investigated with COMSOL eigenfrequency study. The resonance modes of translation in x, y, z, and rotation around x, y, and z have resonance frequencies at 23.4, 22.9, 14.9, 34.0, 33.6, and 25.5 Hz, respectively. Multiple resonance modes widen bandwidth and enable harvesting energy from all directions. The energy harvester is mounted inside a 3D printed package that can be worn on a human wrist. The design of the package mimics the approximate size of a typical smartwatch, and the motion from walking is along the most sensitive axes of the harvester. It produces an output of 900 mV peak-to-peak for an optimum load of 1.8 megaohms and provided 0.45 microwatts. The output voltage is high enough to charge a battery through commercial diodes.
Do Free Trade Agreements Increase Australian Trade: An Application of Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Estimator?

Abstract This article examines the effects of Australia's free trade agreements on trade creation and export diversion of the total as well as sectoral trade. The empirical analysis implemented through Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator with time and country-specific effects. Results showed the standard gravity variables are highly significant with the expected signs. Overall, the trade creation effects were greater than intra-block export diversion effects of FTAs on Australia’s total trade. The trade creation effects of FTAs on the agricultural sector seems higher than the nonagricultural sector in Australia after deducting intra-block export diversion effects in the respective sectors.
Prevalence and outcome of asymptomatic bacteriuria in early pregnancy

Background: Bacteriuria is a major risk factor for developing symptomatic urinary tract infection which is associated with significant maternal and fetal risks. Various studies have put a prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria between 2-10% in pregnancy. Maternal and fetal complications like gestational hypertension, anaemia, premature delivery, IUGR, and low birth weight are commonly associated with pyelonephritis which occurs as a result of undiagnosed or inadequately treated infections of the urinary tract. The primary objective was to find out the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancies less than 28 weeks gestation in our hospital and to study the various adverse pregnancy outcomes in the study group. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done over a period of 12 months at this tertiary care centre in Government sector in Trivandrum, Kerala. A sample size was calculated statistically and 400 women with gestational age less than 28 weeks attending the outpatient department were included in this study. A structured proforma, urine microscopy and urine culture and sensitivity were the study tools. Results: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in our study population was 8.25%. Commonest pathogen isolated was E.coli in 57.14% cases. Maternal morbidity was higher in women with asymptomatic bacteriuria (24.2%) than those without (12.5%). Fetal morbidity in women with asymptomatic bacteriuria was 24% whereas it was 12.5% in those without it. Preterm labour, preeclampsia and prematurity were the common morbidities noted. Conclusions: Since pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria were at an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome, routine screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria preferably in the first trimester is highly recommended.
Étude du sens d'agentivité dans la dystonie myoclonique

Introduction : l’agentivite repose sur des mecanismes retrospectifs inferentiels et prospectifs predictifs. Notre hypothese se base sur une etude preliminaire realisee dans la dystonie cervicale : une anomalie du sens d’agentivite pourrait etre associee aux syndromes dystoniques. Objectif : rechercher s’il existe des anomalies du sens d’agentivite dans la dystonie myoclonique (DYTSGCE) et en preciser les correlats neuraux. Methode : nous avons compare des patients DYT-SGCE et des sujets controles dans une tâche « Magic » ou le sujet devait receptionner des cibles sur un ecran d’ordinateur a travers differentes conditions experimentales dont une definie par une perturbation visuo-motrice subtile (condition « Lag »). Le score composite d’agentivite etait calcule a partir des jugements de controle et de performance dans chaque condition. Une mesure implicite de l’agentivite par une tâche de Libet a egalement ete realisee. Nous avons analyse en VBM des regions d’interet pour preciser les correlats neuraux structurels du sens d’agentivite. Resultats : 24 patients DYT-SGCE et 25 sujets controles comparables demographiquement (tous les p 0.05). Le signal VBM etait plus eleve dans le cervelet moteur chez les patients et correlait negativement avec le score composite d’agentivite (tous les p < 0,05). Conclusion : il existe une anomalie d’agentivite dans la dystonie DYT-SGCE en lien avec des anomalies de la voie cerebello-thalamique.
Does the Office of Patient Experience Matter in Improving Delivery of Care?

This research examines the performance benefits of the Office of Patient Experience (OPX), a new administrative innovation in the health care industry. OPX is an independent structure within a hospital, having its own annual budget and full‐time staff, and is responsible for improving patient experience during the hospital stay. We specifically investigate the effectiveness of OPXs in improving experiential quality (EQ), measured as the quality of interactions between hospital's caregivers and patients. In addition, we look at how the operation of these offices help hospitals manage variability during the delivery of care, which introduces additional challenges to maintaining high EQ. Specifically, we investigate the impact of variability in care delivery introduced due to two factors—patient case mix index (CMI) and resident intensity. CMI is an indicator of patient acuity and their care burden on hospitals while resident intensity is measured as a ratio of residents to beds at a hospital and is a proxy for variability introduced due to disruptions in caregiver teams due to the presence of residents who are getting trained at the hospital. Our empirical analyses involve tracking the operation of these offices across 3615 US acute care hospitals for the years 2007–2014. To account for endogeneity, we used an instrumental variable fixed effects regression model with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) on the first‐stage to identify and select the strongest instruments. Findings suggest that the OPX is associated with 1.95% higher EQ for each year of its operation. Furthermore, we find that an OPX is more effective in improving EQ for hospitals that deal with high CMI patients (6.5% for high vs. −0.3% for low) or high resident intensity (1.8% for high vs. 0.9% low). Moreover, we find evidence of operating efficiencies associated with OPXs, with a 1.4% reduction in operating cost for each year of its operation. Preliminary evidence also suggests that Chief Patient Experience Officers (CXOs), leaders of OPX, with medical backgrounds (i.e., MD or nursing degree) are more effective at improving EQ. Finally, we validate our findings through interviews with OPX and hospital staff at a prominent teaching hospital with an active OPX.
IONTOPHORESIS A BOON FOR TREATMENT OF DENTINAL HYPERSENSITIVITY: CASE REPORT

Aim: Dentinal hypersensitivity is an unpleasant symptom which occurs because of dentin exposure as a result of attrition, erosion, abfraction, and gingival recession. There are various treatment modalities to treat dentinal hypersensitivity. Iontophoresis is one of the popular technique which allows a concentrated application of drugs into the desired localized region of exposed dentine there by reducing the dentinal hypersensitivity. Case Report: This article describes about treatment of patient with dentinal hypersensitivity using Iontophoresis technique. Discussion: Immediate relief from dentinal hypersensitivity was achieved by clogging the dentinal tubules with usage of APF (Acidulated phosphate fluoride) gel by this iontophoresis technique. Conclusion: Six months follow up study of this patient showed the long lasting effects of this technique, achieved by deeper penetration of fluoride ions. So it can be used as a first line of treatment in dentinal hypersensitivity.