Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complications traumatiques et psychosociales des chutes chez le sujet âgé tunisien

Introduction Les chutes chez le sujet âgé constituent un problème de santé majeur de par les complications traumatiques et psychosociales qui peuvent entrainer une perte de l'autonomie et un état de dépendance. L'objectif de notre travail est d'étudier les circonstances et les conséquences traumatiques et psychosociales des chutes chez les sujets âgés. Méthodes Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective réalisée entre septembre 2014 et janvier 2016 incluant 40 patients âgés de 65 ans et plus ayant fait au moins une chute l'année précédente recrutés parmi les patients hospitalisés ou suivis à la consultation externe du service de Médecine Interne B de l'hôpital Charles Nicolle. Les circonstances et les conséquences des chutes ont été recueillies par l'interrogatoire rétrospectif des patients et de leur entourage à distance de la chute. Résultats L'âge moyen des patients chuteurs était de 75,7 ans avec une prédominance féminine nette (30F/10H). Des facteurs précipitants étaient retrouvés chez 38 patients. Ils étaient de type extrinsèque dans 78,9% des cas et intrinsèques dans 50% des cas. Un séjour prolongé au sol était noté dans 10% des cas. Les fractures étaient plus fréquentes chez les femmes (12F/1H) intéressant surtout les membres supérieurs (61,5%). Les conséquences psychosociales ont été plus fréquentes chez les femmes. Un syndrome post chutes a été noté chez 5 patients. Conclusion La correction des facteurs précipitants intrinsèques et extrinsèques des chutes et l'apprentissage du relever du sol en post chutes permettra de prévenir le risque de chute ainsi que ses conséquences graves.
T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Is Irreversibly Inhibited by Etoposide-Quinone, a Reactive Metabolite of the Chemotherapy Drug Etoposide

Etoposide is a widely prescribed anticancer drug that is, however, associated with an increased risk of secondary leukemia. Although the molecular basis underlying the development of these leukemias remains poorly understood, increasing evidence implicates the interaction of etoposide metabolites [i.e., etoposide quinone (EQ)] with topoisomerase II enzymes. However, effects of etoposide quinone on other cellular targets could also be at play. We investigated whether T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), a protein tyrosine phosphatase that plays a key role in normal and malignant hematopoiesis through regulation of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling, could be a target of EQ. We report here that EQ is an irreversible inhibitor of TCPTP phosphatase (IC50 = ∼7 μM, second-order rate inhibition constant of ∼810 M−1⋅min−1). No inhibition was observed with the parent drug. The inhibition by EQ was found to be due to the formation of a covalent adduct at the catalytic cysteine residue in the active site of TCPTP. Exposure of human hematopoietic cells (HL60 and Jurkat) to EQ led to inhibition of endogenous TCPTP and concomitant increase in STAT1 tyrosine phosphorylation. Our results suggest that in addition to alteration of topoisomerase II functions, EQ could also contribute to etoposide-dependent leukemogenesis through impairment of key hematopoietic signaling enzymes, such as TCPTP.
First Principles Simulations of Phenol and Methanol Detector Based on Pristine Graphene Nanosheet and Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons

Over the last decade graphene based electronic devices have attracted the interest of researchers due to their exceptional chemical, electrical and optical properties. Graphene is very sensitive to any physical changes in its surrounding environment and, inherently, has very low electronic noise. This property of graphene makes it a suitable candidate for sensor applications. The purpose of the work presented in this article is to demonstrate the ability of graphene derivatives to detect toxic organic compounds like phenol and methanol. A novel method for the detection of organic compounds (phenol and methanol) has been introduced in this article. In this method, a change in the photocurrent, as well as electric current, have been used as detection signals to improve the sensor accuracy and selectivity for specific target molecules. A nanoscale electronic device simulator, Quantumwise Atomistix Toolkit (ATK), has been used to simulate graphene nanosheet and armchair graphene nanoribbon based sensors. Devices density of states (DOS), current–voltage curves and photocurrent curves have been calculated with the ATK simulator. In the proximity of target molecules, a significant change in DOS, electric current and photocurrent have been observed. The simulated graphene based structures can be converted into physical sensors to obtain a low cost, small sized, integrated sensing device.
An undergraduate laboratory module that uses the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate frameshift mutations in yeast

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful tool for gene editing and it has become increasingly important for biology students to understand this emerging technique. Most CRISPR laboratory teaching modules use complex metazoan systems or mammalian cell culture which can be expensive. Here, we present a lab module that engages students in learning the fundamentals of CRISPR/Cas9 methodology using the simple and inexpensive model system, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Students use CRISPR/Cas9 and nonhomologous end joining to generate frameshift insertion and deletion mutations in the CAN1 gene, which are easily selected for using media plates that have canavanine. DNA sequencing is also performed to determine what type of mutation occurred in gene‐edited cells. This easy to implement set of experiments has been run as both a 5‐week and a shorter 3‐week lab module. Learning assessments demonstrate increased understanding in CRISPR‐related concepts as well as increased confidence using molecular techniques. Thus, this CRISPR/Cas9 lab module can be added to an existing Genetics, Microbiology, or Molecular Biology lab course to help undergraduate students learn current gene editing techniques with limited effort and cost. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(5):573–580, 2019.
Current and Novel Approaches in Influenza Management

Influenza is a disease that poses a significant health burden worldwide. Vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza virus infections. However, conventional vaccines are only effective for a short period of time due to the propensity of influenza viruses to undergo antigenic drift and antigenic shift. The efficacy of these vaccines is uncertain from year-to-year due to potential mismatch between the circulating viruses and vaccine strains, and mutations arising due to egg adaptation. Subsequently, the inability to store these vaccines long-term and vaccine shortages are challenges that need to be overcome. Conventional vaccines also have variable efficacies for certain populations, including the young, old, and immunocompromised. This warrants for diverse efficacious vaccine developmental approaches, involving both active and passive immunization. As opposed to active immunization platforms (requiring the use of whole or portions of pathogens as vaccines), the rapidly developing passive immunization involves administration of either pathogen-specific or broadly acting antibodies against a kind or class of pathogens as a treatment to corresponding acute infection. Several antibodies with broadly acting capacities have been discovered that may serve as means to suppress influenza viral infection and allow the process of natural immunity to engage opsonized pathogens whilst boosting immune system by antibody-dependent mechanisms that bridge the innate and adaptive arms. By that; passive immunotherapeutics approach assumes a robust tool that could aid control of influenza viruses. In this review, we comment on some improvements in influenza management and promising vaccine development platforms with an emphasis on the protective capacity of passive immunotherapeutics especially when coupled with the use of antivirals in the management of influenza infection.
Parental Report of Self and Child Worry During Acute Pain

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine which variables predict parental postvaccination pain ratings. It was hypothesized that after child behavior, parental sensitivity, and parental reports of worry would be the strongest predictors. Methods: Data for 215 parent-child dyads were analyzed from a longitudinal cohort at the preschool (4 to 5 y of age) vaccination. Preschoolers’ pain behaviors 15 seconds, 1 minute 15 seconds, and 2 minutes 15 seconds after the painful immunization were observed and rated. Parental sensitivity, as well as parental own worry and their assessment of their child’s worry, were assessed before and after the needle. Three regression models were used to determine the impact of these variables on parental pain assessment. Results: Preschoolers’ pain behaviors moderately accounted for variance in parental pain judgment (R2=0.23 to 0.28). Parental sensitivity was not a significant unique predictor of parental pain rating at the preschool age. Parental assessment of their own worry and worry about their preschoolers after the needle were critical contributors to parental pain judgment. Post hoc analyses suggest that parents who report low child worry, are more congruent with their child during regulatory phases postvaccination. However, both parents with high and low self-worry had more congruent pain ratings with child pain behavior scores during the reactivity phase. Discussion: The study suggests that the majority of variance in parent pain ratings was not predominantly based on preschoolers’ pain behaviors. Parental worry levels and their assessment of their child’s worry were also significant predictors. Clinical implications are discussed.
Dichlorobis[1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-1 H -benzimidazole-? N 3 ]cobalt(II)

The title compound, [NiCl2(C11H14N2O)2], was synthesized from 1-(2-ethoxy­ethyl)­benz­imidazole and nickel dichloride in ethanol and is isostructural with its cobalt analogue. It shows a distorted tetrahedral geometry about NiII, involving two Cl atoms and two benz­imidazole N atoms. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O interactions.
Does Body Mass Index Influence Social Media Use? An Exploration of Social Media Use in College Students (P04-009-19).

Objectives To examine the relationship between college dietetic students' body mass index (BMI), body image, social desirability and social media use. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis. The study population consisted of 42 male and female nutrition and dietetic students at a large southeastern University. The demographics of the students were 70.7% White, 17.1% Black, 9.8% Asian, 2.4% American Indian and 46.3% identified as Hispanic. The sample included 41.4% undergraduate and 58.5% graduate students. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and general linear regression was conducted using SPSSv20. Results Regression analysis indicated that social desirability (t = -2.23, P = .03) and BMI category (t = -2.18, P = .04) were both negatively related to the number of social media platforms students participated in. Body image had no relationship with the number of platforms students engaged with (t = -.301, P = .765). However, number of hours spent on social media platforms increased as BMI categorization increased [F = 3.654, P = 0.22]. Conclusions Student BMI and social desirability were related to the number of social media platforms students engage in and the amount of time they spend posting information online. Future studies are needed to further examine the role body image, BMI and social desirability play in student online behavior. Funding Sources Private.
Cytomegalovirus prevention strategies and the risk of BK polyomavirus viremia and nephropathy

Polyomavirus BK (BKV) is the cause of polyomavirus‐associated nephropathy resulting in premature graft loss. There are limited data regarding the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and its prevention in developing BKV viremia and PVAN. In a prospective study, we analyzed 207 consecutive renal transplant recipients previously enrolled in 2 randomized trials evaluating different CMV prevention regimens with routine screening for BKV and CMV. Of these, 59 received valganciclovir and 100 valacyclovir prophylaxis; 48 patients were managed by preemptive therapy. At 3 years, the incidence of BKV viremia and PVAN was 28% and 5%, respectively. CMV DNAemia developed in 55% and CMV disease in 6%. Both BKV viremia (42% vs 23% vs 21%, P = .006) and PVAN (12% vs 2% vs 2%, P = .011) were increased in patients treated with valganciclovir prophylaxis compared to valacyclovir and preemptive therapy. Using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression, valganciclovir prophylaxis was independent predictor of BKV viremia (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.38, P = .002) and PVAN (HR = 4.73, P = .026). In contrast, the risk of subsequent BKV viremia was lower in patients with antecedent CMV DNAemia (HR = 0.50, P = .018). These data suggest valganciclovir prophylaxis may be associated with increased risk of BKV viremia and PVAN. CMV DNAemia did not represent a risk for BKV.
REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics

This paper formulates the action of psychedelics by integrating the free-energy principle and entropic brain hypothesis. We call this formulation relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) and the anarchic brain, founded on the principle that—via their entropic effect on spontaneous cortical activity—psychedelics work to relax the precision of high-level priors or beliefs, thereby liberating bottom-up information flow, particularly via intrinsic sources such as the limbic system. We assemble evidence for this model and show how it can explain a broad range of phenomena associated with the psychedelic experience. With regard to their potential therapeutic use, we propose that psychedelics work to relax the precision weighting of pathologically overweighted priors underpinning various expressions of mental illness. We propose that this process entails an increased sensitization of high-level priors to bottom-up signaling (stemming from intrinsic sources), and that this heightened sensitivity enables the potential revision and deweighting of overweighted priors. We end by discussing further implications of the model, such as that psychedelics can bring about the revision of other heavily weighted high-level priors, not directly related to mental health, such as those underlying partisan and/or overly-confident political, religious, and/or philosophical perspectives. Significance Statement Psychedelics are capturing interest, with efforts underway to bring psilocybin therapy to marketing authorisation and legal access within a decade, spearheaded by the findings of a series of phase 2 trials. In this climate, a compelling unified model of how psychedelics alter brain function to alter consciousness would have appeal. Towards this end, we have sought to integrate a leading model of global brain function, hierarchical predictive coding, with an often-cited model of the acute action of psychedelics, the entropic brain hypothesis. The resulting synthesis states that psychedelics work to relax high-level priors, sensitising them to liberated bottom-up information flow, which, with the right intention, care provision and context, can help guide and cultivate the revision of entrenched pathological priors.
The refined Hurley classification: the inter‐rater and intrarater reliability and face validity

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a common, debilitating, chronic inflammatory skin disease, predominantly staged according to the Hurley classification. However, this classification was only intended to describe symptoms in one anatomical region and to guide surgical treatment options. With typically multiple areas affected by HS, this is not a valid instrument to classify the entire patient.1 Because HS is a heterogeneous disease, the Dutch HS expert group proposed a modification, the "refined Hurley classification". 2 It consists of seven stages, subdividing stage I and II into A (mild), B (moderate) and C (severe) based on extent of the disease and degree of inflammation. Stage III (severe) is not sub-categorized. This classification aims for a more detailed staging of HS patients in daily practice and in clinical trials, ultimately to refine treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the interrater and intrarater reliability and face validity of the refined Hurley classification. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Faculty Development

Abstract This article outlines best practices for teachers who are faced with the often-daunting task of teaching online using the World Wide Web. In many cases, these instructors are asked to design, develop and implement a Web-based or Web-enhanced course in a short period of time. Often administrators and faculty alike are unaware of the preparation time needed to effectively design and deliver a quality distance course. This article offers guidelines and suggests useful resources in the areas of: providing faculty orientation, designing the online syllabus, building a social community of learners, and moderating online discussions to improve interactivity. These key strategies are crucial to successfully directing students through the provision of quality online learning experiences. Web links are provided to guide the reader through the process.
Recovery of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis following trans-sphenoidal adenomectomy for non-ACTH secreting macroadenomas.

CONTEXT Secondary adrenal insufficiency is a potential complication of trans-sphenoidal adenomectomy (TSA). Most centers test recovery of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis six weeks after TSA but there are no data predicting likelihood of recovery, or the frequency of later recovery of HPA function and hence need for re-testing. OBJECTIVE To assess timing and predictors of hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis recovery after TSA. DESIGN Single-centre, retrospective analysis of consecutive pituitary surgeries performed on individuals between February 2015 and September 2018. PATIENTS One hundred and nine patients were identified who had Short Synacthen Test (SST) data before and at sequential time points after TSA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recovery of HPA axis function at 6-weeks, 3-months, 6-months and 9 to12-months post-TSA. RESULTS 21.1% of the cohort failed the pre-op SST. Among these patients with pre-operative adrenal insufficiency, 34.8% recovered 6-weeks post-TSA. Among the 65.2% (n=15) remaining, 13.3% and 20% recovered at 3 months and 9 to 12 months respectively. Of the 29% of patients who failed the 6-week SST: 16%,12%,6% subsequently recovered at 3, 6 and 9-12 months respectively. Pre-op SST 30-minute cortisol, post-op day 8 cortisol and 6-week post-op SST baseline cortisol respectively above or below 430nmol/L(15.5μg/dL, AUC ROC=0.86), 160nmol/L(5.8μg/dL, AUC ROC=0.75) and 180nmol/L(6.5μg/dL, AUC ROC=0.88) were identified as cut-offs for predicting 6 weeks HPA recovery respectively. No patients with all three cut-offs below the threshold recovered within 12 months post-TSA whereas 92% with all cut-offs above the threshold recovered HPA function within 6 weeks (OR 12.200,95%CI 5.268-28.255). CONCLUSIONS HPA axis recovery can occur as late as 9-12 months following TSA demonstrating the need for periodic reassessment of patients who initially 'fail' SST post-TSA. Cortisol levels from the SST before and after surgery can be used to guide which patients are likely to recover function and therefore avoid unnecessary lifelong glucocorticoid replacement.
Impact of social support on oral health among immigrants and ethnic minorities: A systematic review

Objective Adaptation to social life changes after migration may be beneficial or detrimental to migrants’ oral health outcomes and related behaviors. This systematic review aims to synthesize the scientific literature on the impact of social support on immigrants’ and ethnic minorities’ oral health status and/or behaviors. Methods A comprehensive electronic search, up to November 2018, was conducted using five electronic databases. We included cross-sectional and longitudinal quantitative studies that examine associations between social support and oral health outcomes among immigrants and ethnic minorities. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were completed in duplicate and the Newcastle-Ottawa checklist was used to appraise the methodological quality of the quantitative studies. Results A total of 26 studies met the eligibility criteria. Included studies examined multiple oral health outcomes such as dental care utilization, oral health behaviors, oral health problems, self-rated oral health, oral health knowledge, and oral health-related quality of life among immigrants and ethnic minorities. The social support level is assessed either by social support indicators or by adapting certain scales. Overall, social support was found to be positively associated with dental care utilization, number of carious teeth, periodontal disease, oral health behaviors, oral health knowledge, oral health-related quality of life, and self-rated oral health. Conclusion Although immigrants and ethnic minorities encounter several challenges after migration to a new country that could affect their oral health, social support from their surrounding environment in the form of structural or functional support plays an important role in improving their oral health outcomes.
Targeted Therapy of Uveal Melanoma: Recent Failures and New Perspectives

Among Uveal Melanoma (UM) driver mutations, those involving GNAQ or GNA11 genes are the most frequent, while a minor fraction of tumors bears mutations in the PLCB4 or CYSLTR2 genes. Direct inhibition of constitutively active oncoproteins deriving from these mutations is still in its infancy in UM, whereas BRAFV600E-targeted therapy has obtained relevant results in cutaneous melanoma. However, UM driver mutations converge on common downstream signaling pathways such as PKC/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and YAP/TAZ, which are presently considered as actionable targets. In addition, BAP1 loss, which characterizes UM metastatic progression, affects chromatin structure via histone H2A deubiquitylation that may be counteracted by histone deacetylase inhibitors. Encouraging results of preclinical studies targeting signaling molecules such as MAPK and PKC were unfortunately not confirmed in early clinical studies. Indeed, a general survey of all clinical trials applying new targeted and immune therapy to UM displayed disappointing results. This paper summarizes the most recent studies of UM-targeted therapies, analyzing the possible origins of failures. We also focus on hyperexpressed molecules involved in UM aggressiveness as potential new targets for therapy.