Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yield of Sphenoidal Recording in Sleep‐Deprived Outpatients

We retrospectively reviewed the results of sphenoidal recordings performed after sleep deprivation in 101 consecutive outpatients whose prior scalp EEGs failed to show epileptiform discharges (EDs). These patients were suspected of having seizures of temporal lobe origin. Blinded reviews of the recordings by two electroencephalographers showed a tendency for sphenoidal recording to detect EDs at a higher rate than scalp recording, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06). However, EDs appeared exclusively at sphenoidal electrodes in 11 patients and exclusively at scalp electrodes in 3. The probability of detecting EDs with combined scalp and sphenoidal recordings was greater when spells were characterized by focal symptoms or signs. Except in three patients, initial EDs occurred during the first 30 min of recording. We recommend that post-sleep-deprivation recording be performed initially with scalp and other noninvasive electrodes (such as anterior temporal, ear, or cheek electrodes). If no EDs occur after 30 min, sphenoidal electrode insertion and recording may then be considered, especially in patients with spells characterized by focal signs or symptoms.
Increased C-reactive protein following hemodialysis predicts cardiac hypertrophy in chronic hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation characterized by increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels strongly predicts cardiovascular death in both nonrenal and renal patients. We investigated the role of hemodialysis-induced elevated CRP levels on cardiac hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients. METHODS We grouped 118 stable patients as responders and nonresponders according to the response of CRP (>4 mg/L) after a single hemodialysis session. RESULTS Predialysis CRP and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were significantly greater in responders compared with nonresponders (6.4 versus 2.0 mg/L and 8.7 versus 4.8 ng/L, respectively; P < 0.01). Postdialysis CRP concentrations in responders (8.8 mg/L; P < 0.05) and IL-6 concentrations in responders and nonresponders (10.0 versus 5.4 ng/L; P < 0.05) further increased. Intact parathyroid hormone, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels (P < 0.05), as well as interventricular septal thickness (IVST; P < 0.005), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT; P < 0.05), and left ventricular mass index (LVMi; P < 0.05) were significantly greater in responders compared with nonresponders. Predialysis and postdialysis CRP levels correlated positively with Lp(a) (P < 0.01, P < 0,05, respectively), fibrinogen, and predialysis and postdialysis IL-6 levels (P < 0.001) and negatively with albumin level (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively). LVMi, as well as IVST and LVPWT, correlated not only with predialysis and postdialysis CRP levels, but also IL-6 levels (P < 0.05). The interval changes in postdialysis to predialysis CRP levels correlated significantly with IVST, PWT (r = 0.500; r = 0.458; P < 0.001, respectively), and LVMi (r = 0.252; P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, the responder was the only predictor of IVST, LVPWT, and LVMi (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION Elevated CRP concentrations associated with hemodialysis may be useful for the prediction of proatherogenic reactivity and cardiac hypertrophy.
Tolerance to allopregnanolone with focus on the GABA‐A receptor

Many studies have suggested a relationship between stress, sex steroids, and negative mental and mood changes in humans. The progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone is a potent endogenous ligand of the γ‐amino butyric acid –A (GABA‐A) receptor, and the most discussed neuroactive steroid. Variations in the levels of neuroactive steroids that influence the activity of the GABA‐A receptor cause a vulnerability to mental and emotional pathology. There are physiological conditions in which allopregnanolone production increases acutely (e.g. stress) or chronically (e.g. menstrual cycle, pregnancy), thus exposing the GABA‐A receptor to high and continuous allopregnanolone concentrations. In such conditions, tolerance to allopregnanolone may develop. We have shown that both acute and chronic tolerances can develop to the effects of allopregnanolone. Following the development of acute allopregnanolone tolerance, there is a decrease in the abundance of the GABA‐A receptor α4 subunit and the expression of the α4 subunit mRNA in the ventral‐posteriomedial nucleus of the thalamus. Little is known about the mechanism behind allopregnanolone tolerance and its effects on assembly of the GABA‐A receptor composition. The exact mechanism of the allopregnanolone tolerance phenomena remains unclear. The purpose of this review is to summarize certain aspects of current knowledge concerning allopregnanolone tolerance and changes in the GABA‐A receptors.
Low-Power and Highly Reliable Multilevel Operation in $ \hbox{ZrO}_{2}$ 1T1R RRAM

The Ti/ZrO2/Pt resistive memory devices with one transistor and one resistor (1T1R) architecture are successfully fabricated in this letter. The tested devices show low operation current (20 μA), low switching voltage (set/reset, 0.8/-1 V), and reliable data retention for low-resistance state (LRS) with a 20-μA set current at 80°C (over ten years) via an excellent current limiter, namely, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). In addition, multilevel storage characteristics are also demonstrated by modulating the amplitude of the MOSFET gate voltage. The various LRS levels obtained are possibly attributed to the formation of different numbers and sizes of conducting filaments consisting of oxygen vacancies caused by an external electric field. Moreover, reproducible resistive switching characteristics up to 2000 switching cycles are achieved in the same device. Our 1T1R ZrO2-based resistive switching access memory with low-power and highly reliable multilevel operation has high potential for practical applications.
Broad-spectrum sunscreen use and the development of new nevi in white children: A randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT High nevus density is a risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma. Melanocytic nevi originate in childhood and are largely caused by solar exposure. OBJECTIVE To determine whether use of broad-spectrum, high-sun protection factor (SPF) sunscreen attenuates development of nevi in white children. DESIGN Randomized trial conducted June 1993 to May 1996. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 458 Vancouver, British Columbia, schoolchildren in grades 1 and 4 were randomized in 1993. After exclusion of nonwhite children and those lost to follow-up or with missing data, 309 children remained for analysis. Each child's nevi were enumerated at the start and end of the study in 1996. INTERVENTION Parents of children randomly assigned to the treatment group (n=222) received a supply of SPF 30 broad-spectrum sunscreen with directions to apply it to exposed sites when the child was expected to be in the sun for 30 minutes or more. Children randomly assigned to the control group (n=236) received no sunscreen and were given no advice about sunscreen use. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Number of new nevi acquired during the 3 years of the study, compared between treatment and control groups. RESULTS Children in the sunscreen group developed fewer nevi than did children in the control group (median counts, 24 vs 28; P=.048). A significant interaction was detected between freckling and study group, indicating that sunscreen use was much more important for children with freckles than for children without. Modeling of the data suggests that freckled children assigned to a broad-spectrum sunscreen intervention would develop 30% to 40% fewer new nevi than freckled children assigned to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that broad-spectrum sunscreens may attenuate the number of nevi in white children, especially if they have freckles. JAMA. 2000.
Is Baclofen a Revolutionary Medication in Alcohol Addiction Management? Review and Recent Updates

Baclofen, a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonist, represents a promising drug in alcohol addiction management. Animal models have shown its action at various stages of the process of alcohol addiction. Moreover, initial open and randomized controlled trials have shown the efficacy of 30 mg/day baclofen on alcohol craving, intake, and relapse prevention. It may also decrease alcohol withdrawal symptoms. However, these initial studies were conducted by the same Italian team; 2 American studies, using a different methodology, did not confirm these effects. Following recent reports by an alcohol-dependent French physician who treated himself with high doses (120–270 mg/day), claiming prolonged suppression of alcohol craving and absence of dependence symptoms, baclofen has since received wide media exposure in France where it has been called “the treatment for alcoholism. ” An open-label French study supports these findings. In addition, baclofen seems to be particularly interesting because of its safety and tolerance, even in patients with cirrhosis. Thus, baclofen should benefit from further studies of its biobehavioral mechanisms, dose-response effect, and indications in various alcoholic patient profiles.
Meaningful Assessment Promotes Meaningful Learning

Since the enactment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 1965, America’s schools have faced enhanced scrutiny by the public sector. Larger demands have been placed on children to perform at increasingly higher levels of achievement in reading and math, often beginning as early as kindergarten. Teachers and institutions of higher education have also felt the surge of outside pressure to “perform” wash over them.
Simplification of explicit MPC solutions via inner and outer approximations

The paper proposes to reduce complexity of explicit MPC feedback laws by representing regions over which the law is defined as (possibly non-convex) polygons. Each polygon is then represented only by its boundaries, which reduces the memory footprint of the feedback law. Even though significant amount of memory can be saved this way, the price to be paid is increased computational load associated by performing point location tasks on non-convex objects. To reduce the computational requirements, we therefore propose to devise inner and outer convex approximations of non-convex polygons. Such approximations then allow to perform point location more effectively, leading to reduction of the required on-line computational effort. Several ways to design suitable approximations are presented and efficacy of the proposed procedure is evaluated.
Gut microbiota diversity and atopic disease : Does breast-feeding play a role ?

Given how infrequent this observation has been in our cohort of patients, we propose that a large-scale study with a nested casecontrol design would be necessary to determine whether this clinical observation is representative of a true association. Unfortunately, such a study would be expensive and difficult to carry out, especially because AERD itself is so rare and patients with AERD having gastrointestinal complaints during desensitization are thought to represent less than a quarter of the total number of patients. Therefore, for events with a low frequency of occurrence, such as this, awareness of possible adverse drug reactions in a given cohort of patients and the increase in clinical suspicion that generally follows become even more powerful not only to further validate the underlying association that might have been missed but also to avoid unnecessary morbidity. Flavia C. L. Hoyte, MD Rohit K. Katial, MD
Cows' milk fat and human nutrition

Composition of milk fa t Cows’ milk fat consists mainly of triglycerides (98-99 g/100 g) together with smaller amounts of phospholipids (0 .9 ~ / I W g), cholesterol (0.3 g/100 g), carotenoids (6-7 pg/g), vitamin A (6-8 pg/g), vitamin D (0-5 pg cholecalciferoV1 oo g) and trace concentrations of other fat-soluble substances such as lanosterol, P-sitosterol, saturated hydrocarbons, squalene, glyceryl ethers and vitamin K (Kon, 1972; Kuzdzal-Savoie, Kuzdzal, Langlois & Trehin, 1973). The composition of human milk fat is similar to that of cows’ milk fat. Many analyses have been reported for the fatty acid compositions of cows’ and human milk fat, but the representative values given (as weight percentages) by Patton, McCarthy, Evans & Lynn (1960) and Breckenridge, Marai 8z Kuksis (1969) will be used in the following comparison. Saturated acids from 4:o to IO:O account for about 9% of the fatty acids in cows’ milk fat, but are not normally detected as components of human milk fat. In cows’ milk fat the contents of 12:o (3%) and 16:1 ( I % ) are usually somewhat smaller, and the content of 14:o (12%) is usually somewhat greater than in human milk fat ( I Z : ~ , 5.6%, 16:1, 3.3%; 14:0, 7.0%). The concentrations of 16:o (25%) and 18:1 (310/0) in cows’ milk fat produced in the summer months are similar to the corresponding concentrations observed in human milk fat, but cows’ milk fat produced in the winter months contains greater concentrations of 16:o (3470) and smaller concentrations of 18:1 (22%). Invariably, cows’ milk fat contains greater concentrations of 18:o (14%) but much smaller concentrations of 1 8 2 (1 .6%) than does human milk fat (18:0, 6%; 18:2, 10%). Human milk fat may contain up to I% 20:4 whereas cows’ milk fat contains only trace concentrations of this tetraenoic acid. Because of the importance of certain unsaturated fatty acids in nutrition and metabolism it is necessary to examine in some detail the nature of the unsaturated fatty acids in cows’ milk fat. The diet of the cow normally contains appreciable amounts of oleic acid (18: I cis-9 or 18: I (n-9)), linoleic acid (18:2 cis-g,cis-12 or 1 8 2 (72-6)) and linolenic acid (18:z cis-g,cis-15 or 18:3 (n-3)) but these dietary unsaturated acids are extensively hydrogenated by the microorganisms in the rumen. The mechanisms involved in these ruminal biohydrogenation processes are complex and result in the formation of a variety of trans isomers such as 18:2 c i s -g , t rans-~~, 18:z trans-II,cis-IS, 18:1 trans-11 and 18:1 tram-9 which are absorbed from the intestine and are incorporated into ruminant tissue and milk lipids (see reviews by Dawson & Kemp, 1970; Viviani, 1970; Moore, 1974). The concentration of trans isomers in cows’ milk fat varies considerably with the diet and the efficiency of the hydrogenation process operating in the rumen under a
Negotiating and Brokering Cloud Resources based on Security Level Agreements

Cloud users often motivate their choice of Cloud Service Provider (CSP) based on requirements related with the offered Service Level Agreements (SLA) and costs. Unfortunately, while security has started to play an important role in the decision of using the Cloud, it is quite uncommon for CSPs to specify the security levels associated with their services. This often results in users without the means (i.e., tools and semantics) to negotiate their security requirements with CSPs, in order to choose the one that best suits their needs. However, the recent industrial efforts on specification of Cloud security parameters in SLAs, also known as "Security Level Agreements" or SecLAs is a positive development. In this paper we propose a practical approach to enable the user-centric negotiation and brokering of Cloud resources, based on both the common semantic established by the use of SecLAs and, its quantitative evaluation. The contributed techniques and architecture are the result of jointly applying the security metrology-related techniques being developed by the EU FP7 project ABC4Trust and, the framework for SLA-based negotiation and Cloud resource brokering proposed by the EU FP7 mOSAIC project. The proposed negotiation approach is both feasible and well-suited for Cloud Federations, as demonstrated in this paper with a real-world case study. The presented scenario shows the negotiation of a user's security requirements with respect to a set of CSPs SecLAs, using both the information available in the Cloud Security Alliance's "Security, Trust & Assurance Registry" (CSA STAR) and the WS-Agreement standard.
Linkages between Total Quality Management and Organizational Survival in Manufacturing Companies in Ghana

Purpose - This study examined the linkages between total quality management and organizational survival in manufacturing companies in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – The quantitative approach and the survey method of collecting data were used. The questionnaire was administered through the face-to-face method of collecting data. A sample of 250 manufacturing firms within the metropolis of Kumasi, the second largest city in Ghana was selected and intervi ewed. The missing data and data anomalies were eliminated resulting in a final valid sample of 101. A structural equation model (SEM) was proposed to examine the relationships between the seven organizational linkages and five practices of TQM impact on the Ghanaian companies. Findings – The findings showed significant positive effect of the seven Total Quality Management (TQM) elements on organizational performance. Originality/value – This study demonstrated that Ghanaian and foreign owned manufacturing companies believe that total quality management is a key-contributing factor to a firm’s survival.
Involves Histone Modification gingivalis Porphyromonas Periodontopathic Bacterium Reactivation of Latent HIV-1 Infection by the

Latently infected cells harbor the HIV-1 proviral DNA genome primarily integrated into heterochromatin, allowing the persistence of transcriptionally silent proviruses. Hypoacetylation of histone proteins by histone deacetylases (HDAC) is involved in the maintenance of HIV-1 latency by repressing viral transcription. In addition, periodontal diseases, caused by polymicrobial sub-gingival bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis , are among the most prevalent infections of mankind. Here we demonstrate the effects of P. gingivalis on HIV-1 replication. This activity could be ascribable to the bacterial culture supernatant but not to other bacterial components such as ﬁmbriae or LPS. We found that this HIV-1-inducing activity was recovered in the lower molecular mass ( < 3 kDa) fraction of the culture supernatant. We also demonstrated that P. gingivalis produces high concentrations of butyric acid, acting as a potent inhibitor of HDACs and causing histone acetylation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the corepressor complex containing HDAC1 and AP-4 was dissociated from the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter upon stimulation with bacterial culture supernatant concomitantly with the association of acetylated histone and RNA polymerase II. We thus found that P. gingivalis could induce HIV-1 reactivation via chromatin modiﬁcation and that butyric acid, one of the bacterial metabolites, is responsible for this effect. These results suggest that periodontal diseases could act as a risk factor for HIV-1 reactivation in infected individuals and might contribute to the systemic dissemination of the virus. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 182: 3688–3695.
A compact V-band 3DMMIC single-chip down-converter using photosensitive BCB dielectric film

A high-density MMIC V-band down-converter that employs the masterslice 3DMMIC technology and photosensitive BCB dielectric film, is presented. The down-converter is structured using an 8/spl times/2 master array in a 1.84 mm/spl times/0.87 mm chip. A down-converter MMIC with H-MESFET with f/sub max/ of 130 GHz demonstrates the gain of 19.3 dB and image rejection ratio of above 18 dB over the frequency range of 56.5 GHz to 59.5 GHz; its associated gain-density is five times higher than that of conventional MMICs.
Dosimetric Comparison of Intensity-Modulated Radiosurgery and Helical Tomotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Intracranial Metastases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetry of single fraction, single-isocenter intensity-modulated radiosurgery (IMRS) plans for multiple intracranial metastases and to compare Helical Tomotherapy (HT). Ten treatment plans with 3–6 brain metastases treated with IMRS were re-planned with HT. The mean number of lesions was 5 and mean PTV 22 cm3. The prescribed dose was 16–20 Gy. The mean V100% was similar for IMRS and HT, and the mean conformity index was 1.4, mean Paddick confirmity index was 0.7, and mean MDPD was 1.1 for both. The mean gradient index was similar for both. The mean 50% isodose volume was 179.2 cm3 for IMRS and 277.0 cm3 for HT (p=0.01). The mean maximum doses to organs at risk were lower for IMRS except brainstem and right optic nerve. For brain, the integral dose was 5.1 and 6.8 Gy-kg (p<0.001) and mean dose 4.0 and 5.4 Gy (p<0.001) for IMRS and HT, respectively. The mean treatment times were 23 (IMRS) and 41 (HT) minutes. Conformity and homogeneity indices were equivalent and sparing of the organs at risk was clinically acceptable for both IMRS and HT. Though the gradient index was similar for IMRS and HT, the mean 50% isodose volume and integral dose to normal brain were lower for IMRS as was treatment time.
High Directivity Quarter-wave Microstrip Coupler with Cancellation Circuit of Wilkinson Divider

A high directivity quarter-wave microstrip coupler with a cancellation circuit of a Wilkinson divider is presented. The presented coupler utilizes a cancellation circuit between a coupling port and an isolation port of the conventional quarter-wave microstrip coupler to enhance the isolation at the desired frequency. The cancellation circuit consists of the Wilkinson divider, and an attenuator. The frequency where the isolation is enhanced can be controlled by the attenuator. The cancellation circuit can be applied to the couplers that have already been fabricated. The measured directivity of the presented coupler is improved from 8.9 dB to 24.9 dB at 1.9 GHz, compared with the conventional coupler.
Information Systems Research: Reversing the Orientation

To be truly relevant, research must be oriented toward the future. After the research is completed, it must ultimately provide some value to society, whether near term or long term. Information systems researchers, concerned as we are with the uses of technology, operate under a severe handicap because we do not have opportunities to study new technologies while they are under development. Our challenge is to find ways to work together on the most relevant questions and to perform research at earlier stages of the technology life cycle.
Effect in Vitro of Breast Cyst Fluid on the Spontaneous and Lymphokine‐Inducible Natural Killer Cell Activity of Patients with Gross Cystic Disease of the Breast a

Gross cystic disease (GCD) is thought to represent an advanced form of the fibrocystic breast disease (FCD) complex. Cysts are not considered premalignant lesions. However, several reports indicate that patients with macrocysts have a higher risk of later developing breast cancer. Hormones are greatly influential on most breast functions, including local immunity; their role as promoters of proliferative breast disease in patients bearing cysts is a subject of intense investigation. ’ Natural killer (NK) cells are a heterogeneous subset of lymphocytes, functionally identified by the ability to lyse a variety of susceptible cells, including virus-infected and neoplastic cells, independently of prior sensitization to these targets? NK cell activity is sensitive to in vitro and in vivo modulation by lymphokines and other endogenous modifiers, including hormones. NK cells are believed to play an important role in immunosurveillance against cancer; it is agreed, indeed, that the ability of a tumor cell to escape surveillance by immune effectors is a necessary factor in cancer progression. Interestingly enough, abnormal values of NK activity have been found in the peripheral blood of women bearing breast lesions “at high risk” for breast cancer? To our knowledge, however, there is no study that has focused on the effects of the particular milieu of the breast