Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Arabidopsis Rubisco Activase in Jasmonate-Induced Leaf Senescence1[W]

Leaf senescence, as the last stage of leaf development, is regulated by diverse developmental and environmental factors. Jasmonates (JAs) have been shown to induce leaf senescence in several plant species; however, the molecular mechanism for JA-induced leaf senescence remains unknown. In this study, proteomic, genetic, and physiological approaches were used to reveal the molecular basis of JA-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We identified 35 coronatine-insensitive 1 (COI1)-dependent JA-regulated proteins using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis in Arabidopsis. Among these 35 proteins, Rubisco activase (RCA) was a COI1-dependent JA-repressed protein. We found that RCA was down-regulated at the levels of transcript and protein abundance by JA in a COI1-dependent manner. We further found that loss of RCA led to typical senescence-associated features and that the COI1-dependent JA repression of RCA played an important role in JA-induced leaf senescence.
Outcomes of surgical resection and loco-regional therapy in patients with stage 3A hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective review from the national cancer database.

OBJECTIVES In advanced stages, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often associated with major vascular involvement (cava, portal vein). The aim of the present study was to analyse the role of surgical resection (SR) and loco-regional therapy (LRT) in these advanced stage patients to determine if there was a survival benefit. METHODS The study is a retrospective analysis from the Commission on Cancer's National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) from 1998 to 2011. In total, 148,882 patients with liver cancer were identified, of which 126,984 had HCC. Of these, 64,264 patients (1998-2006) had 5-year survival data available and 8825 patients had Stage 3A disease based on AJCC classification. Of these patients, 884 had SR, 771 had LRT and 7170 patients had neither intervention. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Eight thousand eight hundred and twenty-five patients met analysis criteria. The mean age (years) in the SR, LRT and no intervention group were 62.5, 64.3 and 64.2, respectively. Most patients were males in all three groups (77.5%, 74.5% and 68.1%). The mean tumour size (cm) in the three groups was 9.8, 6.4 and 8.4, respectively. SR and LRT were primarily performed in major academic and comprehensive cancer programmes compared with community cancer programmes and other centres (SR: 93% versus 7%; LRT: 94.6% versus 5.4%). The median 5-year survival (months) was 26.6 in SR, 16.5 in LRT and 4.8 in the no intervention group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION A SR and LRT offer a survival benefit in select patients diagnosed with Stage 3A HCC.
Physicians' and Families' Perspectives on the Medical Management of Dementia

The role of physicians in the long‐term management of patients with the primary diagnosis of progressive dementia was investigated by surveying the opinions of 57 physicians and 47 family members. Respondents were asked to evaluate the difficulty and helpfulness of various activities physicians perform in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with dementia. Both physicians and families rated the diagnostic services provided by physicians very highly. Although families found physicians' explanations of the diagnosis and prognosis extremely helpful, physicians reported this as an area of difficulty. Physicians and families expressed considerable frustration with the limited medical treatments and interventions for the relief of symptoms associated with dementia. Despite the acknowledged sensitivity of physicians to the social‐psychological consequences of dementia, physicians were found to be least helpful in addressing these issues, either directly or through referral to allied health and social services. This study outlines areas of physician education that need improvement and calls for development of an interdisciplinary network of services for the biopsychosocial management of dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 33:383, 1985
Delay-Tolerant Autonomous Transmissions for Short Packet Communications

The cellular network evolution has generally focused on improving system and edge user throughput while reducing latency. Recently, a new class of service involving the communication of short packets has emerged wherein scale, coverage, reliability, and energy efficiency has greater importance than the rate or latency at which the information is delivered. This delay tolerant class of communication may include keep alive application messages from our smart phones or messages for the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine type communications (MTC). In this paper, we propose autonomous transmissions paired with interference cancellation to improve coverage, reliability, scale, and energy/spectral efficiency for delay tolerant short packet communications. Simulation results demonstrate that up to 2x improvement in spectral efficiency can be achieved.
An investigation into the potential for activity‐dependent regeneration of the rubrospinal tract after spinal cord injury

We tested whether regeneration of transected rubrospinal tract (RST) axons is facilitated by a prolonged electrical stimulation of these axons. A peripheral nerve was grafted to the transected RST at the cervical level (C4/5) of adult rats, providing a permissive environment for regeneration of rubrospinal axons. Direct antidromic stimulation of the RST was applied immediately after grafting through a microwire inserted just rostral to the RST lesion, using a 1‐h 20‐Hz supramaximal stimulation protocol. Stimulation caused no direct damage to rubrospinal axons, and was sufficient to recruit the entire rubrospinal tract. In control animals that had a nerve graft and implanted microwire with no stimulation, there were 42.7 ± 10.2 rubrospinal neurons regenerated into the graft at 8 weeks, as assessed by retrograde labelling. In test animals that were stimulated there were 28.2 ± 7.4 backlabelled neurons, not significantly different from control, indicating that this stimulation did not improve the regenerative capacity of rubrospinal neurons. Furthermore, reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization for brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and/or growth‐associated protein‐43 (GAP‐43) expression in rubrospinal neurons revealed no significant difference between stimulated and unstimulated groups at 48 h after injury, with either 1 or 8 h of stimulation. In summary, direct stimulation of the injured RST axons for the periods tested does not increase expression of GAP‐43 and BDNF, and ultimately does not promote regeneration of these central nervous system axons.
Board Characteristics and Managerial Overconfidence in an Emerging Market

This research investigates the relationship between board characteristics and managerial overconfidence of 107 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2006-2012. In addition, financial data of the year 2005 have been used to calculate research variables. Furthermore, in order to examine the hypotheses, the research uses pooled/panel regression and ML-binary logit model. Capital expenditure and overinvestment on assets criteria have been used to measure managerial overconfidence, and board size, board independence (BI) and CEO duality have been considered as board characteristics. The findings indicate that only BI has negative and significant effect on managerial overconfidence. Besides, firm age as control variable has a direct and significant effect on capital expenditure
Post-partum depression and infant growth in a South African peri-urban settlement.

AIM To examine the association between maternal post-natal depression and infant growth. BACKGROUND Infant growth has recently been shown, in two studies from South Asia, to be adversely affected by maternal depression in the early post-partum period. It is uncertain whether a similar association obtains in developing countries outside Asia. METHOD A sample of 147 mother-infant dyads was recruited from a peri-urban settlement outside Cape Town and seen at 2 and 18 months post partum. RESULTS No clear effect of post-partum depression on infant growth was found. Although maternal depression at 2 months was found to be associated with lower infant weight at 18 months, when birthweight was considered this effect disappeared. CONCLUSIONS Possible explanations for the non-replication of the South Asian findings are considered.
Investigation of frequency characteristics of typical PD and the propagation properties in GIS

The secure operation of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is crucial for the bulk power systems, since the failure of GIS apparatus would cause severe interruption of power transforming and power supply at substations. Therefore, the monitoring and maintenance schemes of GIS devices have gradually taken the reliability-based indices into account, of which Partial Discharge (PD) levels in online monitoring are of substantial significance because PD serves as a major cause of insulation break-down. Ultra High Frequency (UHF) method is becoming widely adopted as the major inspection approach for PD in GIS. This paper presents the experiment-based results of the frequency characteristics of UHF signals caused by PD in typical defects using entire GIS operating system platforms. Specifically, the results covered the propagation attenuation of the UHF signals with peak to peak value and cumulative energy through typical structures, including basin-type insulators, L-shaped branch, isolating switches, current transformers, etc. The results serve as substantial criteria for optimal band width selection for high frequency detection, and as notable concerns to improve the sensitivity of UHF detection and the efficiency of online monitoring by effectively locating the external sensors for PD UHF detection.
Exposure to television food advertising primes food-related cognitions and triggers motivation to eat

Objective: This study investigated the effect of exposure to television food advertising on accessibility of food-related cognitions and motivation to eat. Design and main outcome measures: We initially developed a word stem completion task to measure accessibility of food-related cognitions. In two subsequent experiments, 160 female undergraduate students (Experiment 1) and 124 overweight or obese community-dwelling women (Experiment 2) viewed a series of television commercials advertising either food or non-food products. They then completed the word stem task and also rated their desire to eat. Results: Exposure to televised food advertisements led to the completion of word stems with more food- and eating-related words in both experiments. It also increased self-reported desire to eat, but only for overweight and obese individuals (Experiment 2). In both samples, there was a positive association between accessibility of food-related cognitions and reported desire to eat, following priming with television food advertisements. Conclusion: We conclude that an increased activation of food-related cognitions may provide a mechanism for the link between food advertising and consumption. This has implications for tackling pathological (over)eating.
Single dose oral celecoxib for postoperative pain.

BACKGROUND Celecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor prescribed for the relief of chronic pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The drug is believed to be associated with fewer adverse effects than conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, the effectiveness of celecoxib in the treatment of acute pain has not yet been assessed by systematic review. OBJECTIVES To assess the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of a single oral dose of celecoxib for moderate to severe postoperative pain. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Library Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, Biological Abstracts, PubMed and the Oxford Pain database. Date of the most recent search: May 2002. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults prescribed any dose of oral celecoxib or placebo for acute postoperative pain were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two trials (418 subjects) met the inclusion criteria for this review. The trials were assessed for quality and the data extracted by two independent reviewers. Summed pain relief (TOTPAR) or pain intensity difference (SPID) was extracted and converted into dichotomous information yielding the number of patients with at least 50% pain relief over 4-6 hours. These derived results were used to calculate the relative benefit (RB) and number-needed-to-treat (NNT) for one patient to achieve at least 50% pain relief. MAIN RESULTS The number-needed-to-treat for celecoxib 200 mg compared with placebo was 4.5 (CI 3.3 to 7.2). For every 4.5 patients experiencing moderate to severe acute pain treated with celecoxib 200 mg one more will experience at least 50% pain relief that would not have done had they received placebo. The median time to remedication over 24 hours was 5.1 hours with celecoxib 200 mg and 1.5 hours with placebo. Quantitative analysis of adverse effects was not possible but no serious or unexpected adverse effects were reported. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Single dose oral celecoxib is an effective means of postoperative pain relief, similar in efficacy to aspirin 600/650 mg, and paracetamol 1000 mg. The two trials included used celecoxib 200 mg, a dose 50% less than is recommended for acute pain. More trials are needed to estimate efficacy for recommended dose of 400 mg, and to reinforce current findings for 200 mg, and provide data for pooled quantitative estimates of adverse effects.
Globalization and Rising Human Trafficking in Nigeria

Globalization an offshoot of imperialist capitalist expansion had come to be regarded as what no country of the world can ignore in order to achieve sustainable development. However, though taunted as a panacea for development, it had equally been recognized as having negative effects, of which had aggravated unemployment through economic liberalization practices, thereby exacerbating the level of poverty among developing countries, including Nigeria. There had equally been rising trend of human trafficking in Nigeria as globalization continued to expand. The study therefore examined the relationship between globalization and rising level of human trafficking in the country. Utilizing descriptive survey design, the study which adopted triangulation method, used multi-stage sampling technique to locate respondents from 3 states in Nigeria; Edo, Lagos and Ogun. The methods of data collection were questionnaire, interview and focused group discussion; 544 copies of the questionnaire was administered, 15 key informants interviewed and 2 focused group discussions conducted. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data was content analyzed. The study found that globalization had a direct link to rising human trafficking in the country. The government should moderate the influence of globalization, in order to reduce the level of unemployment and poverty thereby discourage the craze for greener pastures.
Barriers to implementing the World Health Organization’s Trauma Care Checklist: A Canadian single-center experience

BACKGROUND Management of trauma patients is difficult because of their complexity and acuity. In an effort to improve patient care and reduce morbidity and mortality, the World Health Organization developed a trauma care checklist. Local stakeholder input led to a modified 16-item version that was subsequently piloted. Our study highlights the barriers and challenges associated with implementing this checklist at our hospital. METHODS The checklist was piloted over a 6-month period at St. Michael’s Hospital, a Level 1 trauma center in Toronto, Canada. At the end of the pilot phase, individual, semistructured interviews were held with trauma team leaders and nursing staff regarding their experiences with the checklist. Axial coding was used to create a typology of attitudes and barriers toward the checklist, and then, vertical coding was used to further explore each identified barrier. Checklist compliance was assessed for the first 7 months. RESULTS Checklist compliance throughout the pilot phase was 78%. Eight key barriers to implementing the checklist were identified as follows: perceived lack of time for the use of the checklist in critically ill patients, unclear roles, no memory trigger, no one to enforce completion, not understanding its importance or purpose, difficulty finding physicians at the end of resuscitation, staff/trainee changes, and professional hierarchy. CONCLUSION The World Health Organization Trauma Care Checklist was a well-received tool; however, consideration of barriers to the implementation and staff adoption must be done for successful integration, with special attention to its use in critically ill patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/care management, level V.
Effect of secretin and caerulein in canine pancreas: relation to prostaglandins.

We investigated the effect of secretin and caerulein on pancreatic circulation and exocrine secretion and its relation to prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by studying the effect of these peptides on the pancreatic blood flow and the flow rate of pancreatic exocrine secretion in the isolated blood-perfused pancreas of pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs without or with pretreatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin and meclofenamate. Intra-arterial administration of secretin (0.1-0.3 U/kg) produced an initial vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation. On the other hand, caerulein (50-200 ng/kg) produced vasodilation and increased pancreatic blood flow in a dose-related manner. Both secretin and caerulein increased the flow rate of pancreatic exocrine secretion. In animals pretreated with either indomethacin or meclofenamate, the ability of secretin to produce an initial vasoconstriction was abolished and the subsequent vasodilator component of the response as well as caerulein-induced vasodilation were reduced in duration. The effect of caerulein but not of secretin to stimulate the flow rate of pancreatic exocrine secretion was reduced by indomethacin and meclofenamate. Administration of PGI2 and PGE2 into the pancreas caused vasodilation, whereas PGF2 alpha and PGD2 produced a biphasic effect, i.e., an initial vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation. Infusion of either PGI2 or PGE2 but not that of PGF2 alpha or PGD2 minimized the effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors to reduce the duration of vasodilator response elicited by secretin and caerulein. Prostaglandins neither altered the basal nor the rise in flow rate of pancreatic exocrine secretion produced by secretin and caerulein. These data indicate that in the canine pancreas prostaglandins contribute to the effects of secretin and caerulein to increase pancreatic blood flow but not to their effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion.
A novel signal-predicting multibit delta-sigma modulator

In this paper, the signal-predicting oversampling scheme (Lu et al. (2002)) is developed for the design of the internal quantizers of multibit delta-sigma (/spl Delta//spl Sigma/) modulators. By applying the scheme, it has been derived that, regardless of the resolution of the internal quantizer, only 4 comparators are required in a first-order multibit /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator provided that an appropriate oversampling ratio (OSR) is chosen. To verify the derived results, an illustrative signal-predicting first-order 4-bit /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator with 4 comparators is presented. Simulation results show that the modulator functions very well and when compared with a corresponding modulator with a normal flash internal quantizer, in which 16 comparators have to be used, the proposed modulator demonstrates advantages in power consumption and silicon area.
Simulation and investigation of multiple maxima search MPPT algorithm with high gain DC-DC boost converter

Photovoltaic(PV) power generation has become more relevant because of friendly nature and unlimited source. Tracking a maximum operating point(OP) in PV source is an important issue, which is referred as maximum power point tracking(MPPT) algorithm. This paper focuses on multiple maxima search MPPT algorithm which overcomes the drawbacks of conventional algorithm and tracks the global maximum point. A high gain DC-DC boost converter which has less voltage ripple content, high conversion efficiency than the classical boost converter is investigated in this paper. The proposed multiple maxima search algorithm is modelled and implemented with high gain DC-DC boost converter. Simulation studies of the proposed converter and PV modeling with MPPT is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results are validated.
A modified mobilization-with-movement to treat a lateral ankle sprain.

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Lateral ankle sprains (LAS) are common in sports medicine and can result in a high rate of re-injury and chronic ankle instability (CAI). Recent evidence supports the use on mobilizations directed at the ankle in patients who have suffered a LAS. The Mulligan Concept of Mobilization-with-Movement (MWM) provides an intervention strategy for LASs, but requires pain-free mobilization application and little literature exists on modifications of these techniques. PURPOSE To present the use of a modified MWM to treat LASs when the traditional MWM technique could not be performed due to patient reported pain and to assess outcomes of the treatment. CASE DESCRIPTION The subject of this case report is a 23 year-old female collegiate basketball player who had failed to respond to initial conservative treatments after being diagnosed with a lateral ankle sprain. The initial management and subsequent interventions are presented. After re-examination, the addition of a modification of a MWM technique produced immediate and clinically significant changes in patient symptoms. The use of the modified-MWM resulted in full resolution of symptoms and a rapid return to full athletic participation. OUTCOMES After the initial application of the modified-MWM, the patient reported immediate pain-free ankle motion and ambulation. Following a total of 5 treatments, using only the modified MWM and taping technique, the patient was discharged with equal range of motion (ROM) bilaterally, a decreased Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) Scale score, and an asymptomatic physical exam. Follow-up exam 6 weeks later indicated a full maintenance of these results. DISCUSSION Recent evidence has been presented to support the use of mobilization techniques to treat patient limitations following ankle injury; however, the majority of evidence is associated with addressing the talar and dorsiflexion limitations. Currently, little evidence is available regarding the use of the MWM technique designed for LASs and the expected outcomes. This case adds to the emerging evidence supporting the use for MWMs to treat ankle pathology and introduces a modification that may be applied in cases where patient reported pain prevents traditional application. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 5; Single case report.