Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transmission Rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections from Pregnant Women to Newborns, Tehran, Iran

Background: Pregnant women with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections can vertically transmit these microorganisms to their newborns through the birth canal and cause neonatal conjunctivitis secondary to sexually transmitted infections. Objectives: In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections among pregnant women attending a hospital in Tehran, and also determine the vertical transmission rate of these two organisms to the eyes of newborns after vaginal delivery. Methods: Endocervical and conjunctival swabs were collected from pregnant women and their newborns within 24 hours after birth. Demographic and clinical data of participants were obtained using a questionnaire and from the hospital records. Then, DNA was extracted and tested by a multiplex PCR assay to detect C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae in specimens. Results: Genital infections of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae were detected in 9.6% (11 of 125) and 1.6% (2 of 125) of pregnant women, respectively. Among newborns, ocular infection with C. trachomatis was detected in 2 (1.6%), and no case of N. gonorrhoeae infection was found. Both infected infants were born from asymptomatic infected women. Therefore, the vertical transmission rate of C. trachomatis infection was calculated as 18.1%. Our results also revealed that ocular C. trachomatis infection in neonates is significantly in association with genital C. trachomatis infection in pregnant women (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.03 - 0.7, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Pregnant women with asymptomatic infection of C. trachomatis have a key role in the distribution of chlamydial conjunctivitis in newborns. Since ocular prophylaxis in neonates is not effective for chlamydial conjunctivitis, therefore education and screening of pregnant women, as well as treatment of infected cases, remain as the best approach for controlling the disease.
A Non-Isolated Step-up DC-AC Converter With Reduced Leakage Current for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

In this paper, a non-isolated step-up single-phase dc-ac converter is proposed for distributed low voltage photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed converter has a common ground between the dc photovoltaic input and ac output voltage, which can reduce the leakage current to a very low level and thus improve the reliability and power generation efficiency. By analyzing and comparing the two modulation methods, a unified half cycle modulation is selected for the design of the proposed converter, in which only two switches are operated at high frequency in a line cycle. Therefore, the conduction and switching loss can be reduced greatly. In addition, due to the unified half cycle modulation for the active switches of the proposed inverter, the dc-link capacitor does not need to have a decoupling function. The capacitor can then be optimized to a small value for improving the reliability and power density. A theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is described, and an experimental prototype is implemented to verify the performance of the presented converter topology.
A Modular Multilevel Converter With Active Power Filter for Submodule Capacitor Voltage Ripples and Power Losses Reduction

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology has been widely used in the medium-/high-voltage applications. However, large capacitance is needed to suppress submodule (SM) capacitor voltage ripples. This article presents a modified MMC with the active power filter (APF-MMC) paralleled between the Nth SM of the upper arm and the first SM of the lower arm in each phase without changing the original topology. It is intended to decrease the capacitor voltage fluctuations and power losses of SMs by diverting the phase low-frequency ripple powers into the storage capacitor of the additional active power filter circuit. Both the detailed SM capacitor voltage fluctuations, which can be reduced up to 50% of the original value in the traditional MMC topology, and the SM average currents, which are proportional to SM switching losses and can be reduced up to 87.83% of the original value, are analyzed. The arm rms currents are also derived, which are related to SM conduction losses. Moreover, the operating principle, modulation method, and control strategy are presented in detail. Finally, the APF-MMC and the traditional MMC topology simulation and experimental platforms were built. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity and performance of the APF-MMC topology and control strategy by comparing with the traditional MMC topology.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDES ON THE SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY USING INTACT POLAR MEMBRANE LIPIDS AS BIOMARKERS

Intact polar membrane lipids (IPLs) have recently been used as biomarkers to assess the diversity in microbial community as a result of stress conditions. Present study was aimed to investigate the impact of pesticides and their transformation products (TPs) on the soil microbial community. Soil was treated with isoproturon (IPU), glyphosate (GLYP), thifesulfuron methyl, propyzamide and their TPs at their maximum application rates. After seven weeks, IPLs were extracted from the soil and analysed by HPLC ESI-MS. The method was sensitive and effectively separated different classes of polar lipids on the basis of their head groups. The IPL profiles of IPU, GLYP and PROP treated soil showed significant (p<0.05) variations among the abundance of the polar lipids due to pesticide application. The impact of the pesticides was more obvious in changes induced in the relative amounts of phosphatidyl choline (PC), diacylglycerol trimethylhomoserine (DGTS), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), monomethyl phosphotidyl ethanolamine (PMME), monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (GL) and phosphatidyl glycerol (PG). It was concluded that the botanical pesticides and their TPs can induce changes in soil microbial diversity. Moreover, IPLs can be used as biomarkers for the assessment of the microbial response toward environmental stressors.
Pathology and genetics of tumours of endocrine organs

Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Endocrine OrgansMolecular Pathology of Breast CancerWho Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and HeartPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Nervous SystemWHO Classification of Skin TumoursThe Molecular Basis of CancerMolecular Genetics of Lung CancerPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Digestive SystemPathology and Genetics of Tumours of Head and Neck TumoursFemale Genital Tumours: Who Classification of TumoursPathology & Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid TissuesModern Soft Tissue PathologyPathology and Genetics of Tumours of Endocrine OrgansWHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive SystemPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the SkinWHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital OrgansWHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous SystemPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Breast and Female Genital OrgansWHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid TissuesWHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive OrgansWHO Classification of Head and Neck TumoursPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Nervous SystemPathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid TissuesPathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Nervous SystemWHO Classification of Tumours of Soft Tissue and BonePathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital OrgansSoft Tissue
Tropical secondary forests in Nepal and their importance to local people

Most forests in tropical Nepal are secondary, resulting largely from episodes of large-scale timber harvesting in the past along with accumulated small scale extraction of timber and non-timber forest products by local people over centuries. Currently in the forest depleted stage, remaining tropical secondary forests are still very important for fulfilling the subsistence and economic needs of local people, as well as for biodiversity conservation, groundwater recharge, and the protection of lowland agriculture from landslides and floods. Protection of degraded lands by community forest user groups in places has led to the successful development and management of some rehabilitated secondary forests. In government managed secondary forests with a production focus, people's participation in management is now being considered. Institutional, socio economic, and ecological issues related to the sustainable management and use of secondary forests along with implications for action are outlined.
Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6), a multifarious and pleiotropic modulator of G protein coupled receptor signaling in brain

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from Golgi cells, inhibitory interneurons located within the cerebellar cortex, limits the extent of granule cell excitation in part through activation of metabatropic GABAB receptors (GABABRs). Stimulation of these receptors triggers a number of downstream signaling events including activation of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels by the Gβγ dimer resulting in membrane hyperpolarization and inhibition of glutamate release from presynaptic sites. Here, we identify Regulator of G protein Signaling 6 (RGS6) as a key regulator of GABABR signaling in cerebellum. RGS6 is enriched in the granule cell layer of the cerebellum along with neuronal GIRK channel subunits 1 and 2 where RGS6 forms a complex with known binding partners Gβ5 and R7 family binding protein (R7BP). Mice lacking RGS6 exhibited abnormal gait and ataxia characterized by impaired rotarod performance. Isolated cerebellar granule neurons (CGNSs) natively expressed RGS6, GABABR and GIRK channel subunits, and cerebellar granule neurons from RGS6 mice showed a significant delay in the deactivation kinetics of baclofeninduced GIRK currents. Consistent with this prolonged cerebellar GABABR signaling upon loss of RGS6, RGS6 mice administered baclofen showed exaggerated motor coordination deficits compared to their wild type counterparts. These results establish RGS6 as a key component of the GABABR-GIRK channel axis and represent the first demonstration of an essential role for modulatory actions of RGS proteins in adult 1 The work described in this chapter is published: Maity et al., J Biol Chem, 2012.
NOVEL MRA-BASED SPARSE MIMO AND SIMO ANTENNA ARRAYS FOR AUTOMOTIVE RADAR APPLICATIONS

Automotive radars make use of angle information obtained from antenna arrays to distinguish objects that lie in the same range-doppler cell (relative to the ego vehicle). This paper proposes novel ways of using presently known minimum redundancy arrays (MRAs) in single-input multiple-output (SIMO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) automotive radars. Firstly, an MRA-based sparse MIMO array is proposed as a novel modification to the nested MIMO array. The proposed sparse MIMO array uses MRAs as the transmitting and receiving modules, unlike the nested MIMO array, which uses two-level nested arrays (TLNAs) at the transmitting and receiving blocks. Upper bounds for the sum co-array aperture and the overall attainable degrees of freedom (DOF) offered by the MIMO radar have been derived in terms of the number of sensors. Secondly, the suitability of large Low-Redundancy Linear Arrays (LRLAs) in SIMO automotive radars is also studied. A long-range automotive radar driving scenario was assumed for DOA estimation and simulations were carried out in MATLAB using the co-array MUltiple SIgnal Classification (co-array MUSIC) algorithm. Simulation results confirm that the proposed MRA-based MIMO array provides better angular resolutions than the nested MIMO array for the same number of sensors and that LRLAs can serve as a handy replacement for ULAs in SIMO radars owing to their acceptable performance. As MIMO and SIMO radars designed from currently known MRAs were sufficient to satisfy the angular resolution requirements of modern automotive radars, a need to synthesize new MRAs did not arise.
Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis Induces Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in T47D Cells

Breast cancer cases in Indonesia have risen in alarming rate. Herbal medicines have been developed to complement conventional cancer therapy and to lessen the negative effects of the therapies. Phycocyanin, blue-green photosynthetic pigment from Spirulina platensis , becomes a potential candidate of herbal medicine for cancer therapy due to its capability to eliminate various cancer cell line on in vitro level. This research aimed to analyse the effectivity of phycocyanin to induce cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of T47D cells (breast cancer cell line). MTT assay was perform to measure IC 50 value. Double-staining assay and flow cytometry were applied to visualize the appearance of apoptotic cells and to measure the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Result showed that the IC 50 value of phycocyanin towards T47D cells is 1650 μg/mL. Phycocyanin was also proven to induce apoptosis at IC 50 with the apoptosis percentage of 45.93%. This research presented different results from previous researches that used phycocyanin from saltwater Spirulina platensis . Based on the results of this study, phycocyanin has the potential to be developed as anticancer agent by inducing apoptosis.
Rethinking the relationship between nestedness and beta diversity: a comment on Baselga (2010)

Baselga [Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19, 134–143, 2010] proposed pairwise (βnes) and multiple-site (βNES) beta-diversity measures to account for the nestedness component of beta diversity. We used empirical, randomly created and idealized matrices to show that both measures are only partially related to nestedness and do not fit certain fundamental requirements for consideration as true nestedness-resultant dissimilarity measures. Both βnes and βNES are influenced by matrix size and fill, and increase or decrease even when nestedness remains constant. Additionally, we demonstrate that βNES can yield high values even for matrices with no nestedness. We conclude that βnes and βNES are not true measures of the nestedness-resultant dissimilarity between sites. Actually, they quantify how differences in species richness that are not due to species replacement contribute to patterns of beta diversity. Finally, because nestedness is a special case of dissimilarity in species composition due to ordered species loss (or gain), the extent to which differences in species composition is due to nestedness can be measured through an index of nestedness.
In patients with symptomatic spinal stenosis, is physical therapy effective in improving pain and function?

In patients with symptomatic spinal stenosis, shortterm physical therapy (PT) accompanied by real or sham ultrasound may improve pain and disability compared with no treatment (SOR: B, randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Manual PT improves perceived recovery at six weeks compared with flexion exercises with walking and ultrasound (SOR: B, RCT). Over sixweeks to two years, PT has similar efficacy to cycling, epidural steroid injections, medications, group exercise, or surgery in improving pain and functioning capacity (SOR: B, low and moderate quality RCTs). PT may cause more muscle soreness but has fewer adverse effects than surgery or medications (SOR: B, RCT). Copyright © 2020 by Family Physicians Inquiries Network, Inc. DOI 10.1097/EBP.0000000000000877
Addressing nanoimprint lithography mix and match overlay using drop pattern compensation

Imprint lithography is a promising technology for replication of nano-scale features. For semiconductor device applications, Canon deposits a low viscosity resist on a field by field basis using jetting technology. A patterned mask is lowered into the resist fluid, which then quickly flows into the relief patterns in the mask by capillary action. Following this filling step, the resist is crosslinked under UV radiation, and then the mask is removed, leaving a patterned resist on the substrate. Overlay budgets play a large role in defining production readiness. As an example, DRAM devices require overlay on the order of 15-20% of the half pitch. Canon uses a through the mask (TTM) alignment system to measure a Moire image anywhere in the field. This system can also record alignment errors of all fields and all marks. The data collected by the TTM system correlates very closely with an Archer measurement tool. In addition, a High Order Distortion Correction (HODC) system, which applies a heat input on a field by field basis through the use of a DMD array has been combined with magnification actuators to correct high order distortion terms up to K30. There is an additional distortion term that must also be addressed for the case of nanoimprint lithography. NIL drop patterns are typically designed to minimize resist fill time and create a uniform residual layer beneath the resist pattern. For device wafers, however, it is important to recognize that there are both long wavelength flatness errors coming from the wafer chuck and existing pattern topography from previously patterned levels that cause out of plane errors. When the mask comes in contact with the resist on the wafer, these out of plane errors can then induce mask bending, resulting in an additional distortion term. To minimize this distortion, a Drop Pattern Compensation (DPC) Model has been implemented to minimize the added distortion terms. In this paper we present an updated study and report on nanoimprint mix and match overlay improvements using DPC. In addition, we describe how the mode array and peak to valley thickness of the resist impacts distortion correction.
Weighted inverted Weibull distribution: Properties and estimation

Abstract In this article, we provide a comprehensive account of the mathematical properties of the weighted inverted Weibull distribution. Furthermore, we compare different methods of estimation of the unknown parameters of a three-parameter Weighted Inverted Weibull distribution (WIWD) from the frequentist points of view. These methods include the maximum likelihood estimators, moments estimators, least squares estimators, weighted least square estimators, method of maximum product of spacings, method of Cramér-von-Mises, methods of Anderson-Darling and right-tail Anderson-Darling method, respectively. These methods are compared using extensive numerical simulations for both small and large samples. Besides, Bayesian estimation under five different types of loss function (symmetric and asymmetric loss functions) using independent gamma priors for the shape and scale parameters is also discussed. The Bayes estimators and their respective standard deviations are computed and compared by using MCMC technique for both small and large samples. Finally, a real data set has been analyzed for illustrative purposes.
A study to assess communication hindrances by the means of work authorization for fixed dental prosthesis: A survey

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the hindrances in communication between the prosthodontic office and the laboratory technicians through work authorization. Setting and Design: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out to assess communication gap between dentist and lab technicians through work authorization for FDPs. Materials and Methods: A total of 114 dental laboratory technicians were provided with a questionnaire regarding work authorization form via Google doc files. The survey focused questions pertaining to fulfilling the following areas of work authorization: patient's information, name of the prescribing dentist, material for the prosthesis, pontic design of the prosthesis, shade description, and date of completion of work. Statistical Analysis Used: The number of responses received was statistically evaluated using Fisher's t-test and nonparametric Spearman's correlation coefficient (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Eighty-five (74.5%) out of 114 laboratory technicians surveyed responded to the questionnaire. The patient's general information was satisfactorily filled in 75%–100% of the forms. Information regarding the pontic design, staining diagram, and preferred margin were on the lower side of the scale ranging between 25% and 50%. Conclusions: The survey concluded that areas of work authorization with respect to fixed dental prosthesis require attention and need to be adequately filled by the dentist. In addition, the study suggests that the foundation of communication skill training programs in work authorization should be laid from the undergraduate curriculum. The concerned authorized bodies/specialty organizations should formulate a standardized work authorization format which can bridge the wide gap between the crown and bridge office and laboratory.
Applications of Intermittently Connected Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks (ICDT-WSNs) – A Survey

Aralikli olarak baglanan gecikmeye dayanikli kablosuz sensor aglarinin (ICDT-WSN'ler) calismalari, cesitli yeni uygulamalar icin daha fazla populerlik kazanan yeni bir alandir. Bu aglar, hem kablosuz algilayici aglarin (WSN'ler) hem de gecikme toleransli aglarin (DTN'ler) butunlesmis halidir. WSN gibi ICDT-WSN'ler de sinirli kaynaklara sahiptir ve DTN'ler gibi aralikli baglantilara sahiptirler. Geleneksel kablosuz sensor aglari, kaynak ve hedef dugumler arasinda uctan uca baglantiya sahip uygulamalar icin uygundur, ancak kaynak ve hedef dugumler arasinda uctan uca baglanti icermeyen ve aralikli olarak baglanmis bazi uygulamalar icin uygun degildirler. ICDT-WSN'ler bu tur uygulamalar icin tasarlanmistir. Bu aglarin ozelliklerini taniyarak, onlara farkli uygulamalar sunabilirler. Bu uygulamalarin arastirilmasi, ICDT-WSN'lerin temel ihtiyaclarini tanimlamak ve ICDT-WSN'ler icin verimli protokoller onermek icin yonlendirilebilirler. Bu makale, ICDT-WSN'lerin bazi uygulamalarini, ozelliklerini ve gereksinimlerini ozetler ve karsilastirir.
Realizing the Network Service Federation Vision: Enabling Automated Multidomain Orchestration of Network Services

The 5G-Transformer (5GT) project proposes a network function virtualization (NFV)-/software-defined networking (SDN)-based architecture to manage the end-to-end (E2E) deployment of composite NFV network services (NSs), which may involve multiple administrative domains (ADs), and hence require NS federation (NSF) capabilities. At the architectural level, this article presents the service federation functionality of the 5GT service orchestrator (5GT-SO). It covers the gaps identified in European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) NFV reports and specifications [e.g., Interfaces and Architecture (IFA) 028]. Some recommendations are also presented based on this experience, particularly on the relevance of multidomain resource orchestration. Experimental results show that the federated service under evaluation is deployed in under 5 min. The time profiling of the various processing federation-related operations shows its reduced impact in the experienced deployment time. A comparison of service deployments of increasing complexity also offers valuable insights.