Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active microbial ecosystem in glacier basal ice fuelled by iron and silicate comminution-derived hydrogen

The basal zone of glaciers is characterised by physicochemical properties that are distinct from firnified ice because of strong interactions with underlying substrate. Basal ice ecology and the roles that the microbiota play in biogeochemical cycling, weathering, and proglacial soil formation, remains poorly known. We report bacterial diversity and potential ecological roles at three temperate Icelandic glaciers. We sampled three physically distinct basal ice facies (stratified, dispersed, debris bands) and found biological similarities and differences between them; basal ice character is therefore an important sampling consideration in future studies. High abundance of silicates and Fe-containing minerals could sustain the basal ice ecosystem, in which chemolithotrophic bacteria (~23%), especially Fe-oxidisers and hydrogenotrophs, can fix C, which can be utilised by heterotrophs. Methanogenic-affiliated detected sequences showed that silicate comminution-derived hydrogen can also be utilised for methanogenesis. Metabolism predicted by 16S rRNA diversity revealed that methane metabolism and C-fixation are the most common pathways, indicating the importance of these metabolic routes. Carbon concentrations were low compared to other ecosystems, but we report the highest carbon concentration in basal ice to date. Carbon release from melting basal ice may play an important role in promoting pioneering communities establishment and soil development in deglaciating forelands.
Electrodeposited Ni-P alloy thin films for alkaline water splitting reaction

Ni-P alloy thin films was developed as a robust electrode material for alkaline water splitting for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), through electrodeposition technique. The influence of alloy composition, achieved through induced codeposition of the reluctant non-metal, i.e. phosphorous (P) on its electrocatalytic activity was studied, and arrived at the best composition of alloy for HER and OER. The water splitting efficacy of the alloy films was tested in 1.0 M KOH using electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The experimental observation shows that the alloy thin film with 9.0 wt. % of P and 4.2 wt. % of P are the best electrode materials for HER and OER, respectively. The electrocatalytic performance of alloy films towards HER and OER were related to its surface topography, composition and crystal structure through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, respectively.
MEASUREMENT OF OVARIAN FOLLICLES AND VAGINAL TEMPERATURE OF BALI CATTLE THAT EXPERIENCE SILENT HEAT

This study aimed to improve Bali cattle's efficiency and productivity by measuring ovarian follicles and vaginal temperature in Bali cattle that experienced a silent heat using ten bali cattle with normal estrus and bali cattle that experience a silent heat. The research samples were divided into two groups: Bali cattle that showed normal estrus (grup I) and Bali cattle that experienced a silent heat (grup II), with each group consisted of 5 replications. Furthermore, all the cows were measured for vaginal measurements at the time of estrus and 24 hours after estrus. While ovarian follicles are measured at the time of estrus. The results showed that the average vaginal temperature of Bali cattle was 38.40 ± 0.130 C and 38.04 ± 0.130 C respectively for Bali estrus cattle and Bali cattle which experienced a silent heat and statistically showed a significant difference (P<0.05). The Bali cattle follicles' average diameter is 10.60 ± 1.14 and 7.32 ± 0.37 mm, respectively, for the normal estrus and which experience a silent heat, and statistically show a significant difference (P<0.05). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the vaginal temperature of bali cattle with normal estrus is higher than that of bali cattle which experience a silent heat, and ovarian follicle diameter in normal estrus is greater than the diameter of the ovarian follicles of bali cattle that experience silent heat.
Timing of prophylactic antibiotic use during elective caesarean section: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Perioperative antibiotic therapy is recommended to reduce the incidence of infection a ter caesarean section. However, the optimal timing of prophylactic antibiotic administration in such cases remains controversial. With this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the safety and e ficacy of prophylactic antibiotic therapy before skin incision versus a ter umbilical cord clamping in patients undergoingelectivecaesareansection. WesearchedthePubMed,EMBASE, Cochrane Library andWeb of Science databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1, 2000 and July 1, 2020. The 1101 initially identified references were narrowed to 10 RCTs involving 5020 women for the final analysis. Brie ly, we determined that prophylactic antibiotic therapy before skin incision not only reduced the incidence of postpartum endometritis (relative risk (RR), 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.92; P = 0.02), but also decreased the rate of total infectious morbidity (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64-0.98;P=0.03)whencomparedtoantibiotic therapya terumbilical cord clipping. However, the two timings of antibiotic administration did not lead to significant di ferences in the incidence of wound infection (RR, 0.73; 95%CI, 0.54-1.00; P=0.05),maternal febrilemorbidity (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.67-2.14; P = 0.54), neonatal sepsis (RR = 0.65; 95%CI,0.37-1.13;P=0.13), septicworkup (RR,0.89; 95%CI,0.671.18;P=1.00)orneonatal intensivecareunitadmission (RR,0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.09; P = 0.23). In conclusion, the prophylactic administration of antibiotics before a skin incision is made for an elective caesarean section can significantly decrease the incidence of total infectiousmorbidity and postpartum endometritis.
Effects of carbonate inclusion on fluoride ion removal by hydroxyapatite: A discussion from the viewpoint of hydroxyapatite dissolution

Hydroxyapatite (HA) can be used for removing F. Materials containing HA for removing F can be obtained from biological wastes, and these HA might contain carbonate ions. The dissolution behavior of HA should affect the F removal as fluorapatite (FA) formation at HA surface by the dissolution of HA and subsequent precipitation of FA results in the removal of F. In this study, we examined the relationship between the dissolution and F removal rates of carbonated HA (CHA). CHA samples with different carbonate contents were prepared by a hydrothermal process. The dissolution and F removal rates were investigated by immersing the samples in pH 5 and 7 buffer solutions in the absence and presence of F, respectively. The dissolution and F removal rates were increased with an increase of carbonate-ion content in the samples. Dissolution and F removal rates at pH 5 were larger than that at pH 7. The pseudo-second order kinetic model provides a good fit for the F removal process. An increase in the kinetic constant of dissolution decreases the kinetic constant of the F removal process for samples with high carbonate contents at pH 5.
Dielectric Characterization of Limited Volume of Human Blood by Open-Ended Coaxial Measurement Probe

To evaluate the quality of hemodialysis from the limited volume of human blood using a commercially available open-ended coaxial probe, we used pure water in lieu of blood to measure the complex relative permittivity in the frequency range from 200 MHz to 6 GHz with respect to its measured liquid volume. We then obtained the measurement errors relative to the calculated values from an empirical formula Udo developed for water permittivity. As a result, we found that 0.9 ml water in a beaker with a diameter of 24 mm and a depth of 2 mm gives a variation within ±0.5% for the real part and ±7% for the imaginary part. Taking into account the finding for water, we measured for normal healthy subjects the dielectric properties of 2.5 ml whole blood with a temperature of 25℃ in a syringe with a diameter of 20 mm and a depth of 8 mm. There was an agreement between the measurement and the data Gabriel reported for human blood with a temperature of 37℃.
Political motivated imprisonment and torture survivors’ experiences of trauma and resilience in Ethiopia

Back ground: This study was aimed to explore the subjective experiences of trauma and resilience of political motivated imprisoned and tortured survivors. Findings shows that the prevalence of torture close to epidemic public problem levels in inmate communities and it makes tortured survivors subjected to traumas and other psychological atrocities while and after imprisonment. Moreover, the survivor’ pre, perie and post imprisonment cognitive, psychological and social factors were associated with the levels of trauma and other psycho social problems. Regarding the Ethiopian context, the EPRDF regime was highly known and criticized by imprisoned and tortured front line political and social activists and journalists. Methods: The study was employed case study by included two respondents who were subjected to political imprisonment and tortured five and above years. The researcher has employed phenomenological approaches to interpret the data which were collected via interview guide and semi structured questioners. Results: The study shows that the respondents were forced to witness terrifying and annoying actions, forbidden from taking shower and washing clothes and exposed to life threatening conditions. They were manifest traumatic symptoms of avoiding situations which reminds imprisonment like, being nervous and irritated when they see a man with military uniforms, being hyper vigilant for some sounds, feeling of numbness. Moreover, participants perceived that their families especially their children lost psychological, social and economic advantages due to their imprisonment and torture. Conclusion: The two respondents were experienced severe forms of tortured and inhuman handling during their imprisonment. However, their current trauma and negative psychological states were varied with their social capitals and political ideologies and religious commitment. Hence, mental health and rehabilitation workers had better to give attention to strengthen survivors’ social resources and spiritual commitments during the rehabilitations process of tortured survivors.
Effects of Two Isolated Compounds from Red Sorghum Bran on p53 and bcl 2 Gene Expression in Human Breast cancer Cell Line (MCF-7)

Aims: The aim of our research was to isolate anthocyanin from red sorghum bran and to study its effects on p53 and bcl 2 gene expressions in Human Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Main methods: Two compounds were isolated from red sorghum bran by using Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The antiproliferative activity of isolated compounds were analysed by MTT assay and the expression studies were performed by RT-PCR analysis.Key findings: Our research focusing on apigenin-5-β-D-glucopyranoside and luteolin-5-β-D-glucopyranoside another compound as a potention anticancer agent have demonstrated that the compounds isolated from red sorghum bran inhibited breast cancer cell lines by up regulation of P53 gene expression and down regulation of Bcl 2 gene expression. Significance: In conclusion, the two compounds isolated from red sorghum bran, were effective in up regulation of P53 and down regulation of Bcl 2 gene expression.
Faradarmani Consciousness Field Suppresses Alzheimer’s Disease Development in Both in Vitro and in Vivo Models of The Disease

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia, imposing large financial and psychological burdens on nations worldwide. Thus, we are in dire need for new treatment strategies or drugs for this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a novel non-pharmacological method in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, based on Taheri's Consciousness Field approach. This approach works at the level of cellular and molecular processes and is tested in neuronal cells of AD mouse models. Methods: In this study, we established a neuron cell culture from an AD mouse model as well as a traumatic brain injury mouse model. We then measured changes in amyloidopathy, tau protein content, microtubule assembly, neuronal cell survival, and finally behavior of TBI mice in elevated Plus Maze under treatment of the Faradarmani Consciousness Field (FCF). Results: According to the results of this study, treatment of neural cell and mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by the FCF, leads to about complete survival of neural cell models and elimination of amyloidopathy and tau protein and remarkable behavioral improvement of the treated TBI mice model in the elevated plus maze. Conclusions: Based on the results, the FCF treatment suppresses AD development in the laboratory models. In this regard, conducting a human clinical study with the aim of introducing a new global complementary and alternative medicine in AD treatment is highly recommended.
Comparison of a Thigh-Worn Accelerometer Algorithm With Diary Estimates of Time in Bed and Time Asleep: The 1970 British Cohort Study

Background: Thigh-worn accelerometers have established reliability and validity for measurement of free-living physical activity-related behaviors. However, comparisons of methods for measuring sleep and time in bed using the thigh-worn accelerometer are rare. The authors compared the thigh-worn accelerometer algorithm that estimates time in bed with the output of a sleep diary (time in bed and time asleep). Methods: Participants (N = 5,498), from the 1970 British Cohort Study, wore an activPAL device on their thigh continuously for 7 days and completed a sleep diary. Bland–Altman plots and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine associations between the algorithm derived and diary time in bed and asleep. Results: The algorithm estimated acceptable levels of agreement with time in bed when compared with diary time in bed (mean bias of −11.4 min; limits of agreement −264.6 to 241.8). The algorithm-derived time in bed overestimated diary sleep time (mean bias of 55.2 min; limits of agreement −204.5 to 314.8 min). Algorithm and sleep diary are reasonably correlated (ρ = .48, 95% confidence interval [.45, .52] for women and ρ = .51, 95% confidence interval [.47, .55] for men) and provide broadly comparable estimates of time in bed but not for sleep time. Conclusions: The algorithm showed acceptable estimates of time in bed compared with diary at the group level. However, about half of the participants were outside of the ±30 min difference of a clinically relevant limit at an individual level.
Classifying Car Owners in Latent Psychographic Profiles

Policy makers in urban areas are subjected to increasing pressure to find sustainable solutions to congestion and transportation. A detailed understanding of the motivations of car owners is required to enable the development of policies that are both socially fair and take effective measures. The objective of this study is to provide a more granular differentiation of car owners using psychographic profiles in three basic dimensions (privacy, autonomy, and car excitement). These profiles are also examined in relation to general travel behavior in everyday and long-distance travel. Data was collected in Munich and Berlin (Germany) and a latent class analysis was applied to segment respondents into latent profile classes. On this basis, six different profile classes were identified. In addition to the Car Independents profile class which does not have strong orientations toward the car, several profile classes were also identified with high concerns about “privacy” in relation to social distances in public transit. The information and analysis presented enables a deeper understanding of the motivations of the different target profile classes and discusses the need for tailored, socially fair measures to reduce car ownership and use within these groups.
Constructing water-resistant CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films via coordination interaction

Organic–inorganic halide CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted intensive attention due to their high power conversion efficiency and low fabrication cost. However, MAPbI3 is known to be very sensitive to humidity, and the intrinsic long-term stability of the MAPbI3 film remains a critical challenge. 2-Aminoethanethiol (2-AET) was used as a ligand to bridge the organic compound (MAI) and inorganic compound (PbI2), which restricted the fast growth of PbI2 to realize the synchronous growth environment of MAI and PbI2 crystals, resulting in the formation of a compact MAPbI3 film with polygonal grains. Due to the compact (PbI2)–2-AET–(MAI) molecule barrier layers in the MAPbI3 structure, the resulting perovskite films showed excellent intrinsic water-resistance, with the MAPbI3 perovskite crystal structure retained for a long time (>10 minutes) after immersion in water. This work makes a step towards obtaining long-term stable MAPbI3 perovskite devices.
Large electronic sputtering yield of nanodimensional Au thin films: Dominant role of thermal conductivity and electron phonon coupling factor

Detailed experiments and theoretical calculations on electronic sputtering of Au thin films (5-200 nm) on a quartz substrate are performed, revealing unusually large electronic sputtering, dependent on the thickness of the films. The dependence of electronic thermal conductivity (κe), electron-phonon coupling factor (g), and lattice thermal conductivity (κa) on the effective electron mean free path is taken into account in the thermal spike calculation for nanodimensional systems to elucidate the combined effect of the thickness and grain size on the electronic sputtering yield. The thermal spike simulation with refined parameters for nanodimensional systems gives a better explanation of the electronic sputtering process with a very good correlation between the experimental and theoretical yields than that of the thermal spike model with bulk parameters.
Soil Properties Prediction for Precision Agriculture Using Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Reflectance spectroscopy for soil property prediction is a non-invasive, fast, and cost-effective alternative to the standard laboratory analytical procedures. Soil spectroscopy has been under study for decades now with limited application outside research. The recent advancement in precision agriculture and the need for the spatial assessment of soil properties have raised interest in this technique. The performance of soil spectroscopy differs from one site to another depending on the soil’s physical composition and chemical properties but it also depends on the instrumentation, mode of use (in-situ/laboratory), spectral range, and data analysis methods used to correlate reflectance data to soil properties. This paper uses the systematic review procedure developed by the Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation (CEBC) for an evidence-based search of soil property prediction using Visible (V) and Near-InfraRed (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy. Constrained by inclusion criteria and defined methods for literature search and data extraction, a meta-analysis is conducted on 115 articles collated from 30 countries. In addition to the soil properties, findings are also categorized and reported by different aspects like date of publication, journals, countries, employed regression methods, laboratory or in-field conditions, spectra preprocessing methods, samples drying methods, spectroscopy devices, wavelengths, number of sites and samples, and data division into calibration and validation sets. The arithmetic means of the coefficient of determination (R2) over all the reports for different properties ranged from 0.68 to 0.87, with better predictions for carbon and nitrogen content and lower performance for silt and clay. After over 30 years of research on using V-NIR spectroscopy to predict soil properties, this systematic review reveals solid evidence from a literature search that this technology can be relied on as a low-cost and fast alternative for standard methods of soil properties prediction with acceptable accuracy.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES UNTUK ANALISIS SENTIMEN REVIEW DATA TWITTER BMKG NASIONAL

Pertumbuhan twitter terus meningkat setiap waktu, sehingga hal tersebut dimanfaatkan para pengguna twitter untuk menyampaikan informasi berupa kritik maupun saran kepada pelayanan yang diberikan BMKG Nasional dengan lebih mudah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah klasifikasi data adalah Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC). Sistem yang dikembangkan dengan menggunakan data internal yang diambil dari internet/twitter untuk proses penentuan kalimat termasuk opini positif, netral atau negatif. Penentuan tersebut digolongkan sebagai proses pengklasifikasian. Serta menggunakan Application Python 3.74. Hasil Penelitian ini masuk kedalam fined grained sentiment analysis yaitu analisis pada suatu kalimat komentar. Data tersebut akan diproses menggunakan text mining, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengklasifikasikan tweet ke dalam tiga kelas, yaitu positif, negatif, dan netral. Klasifikasi ini menggunakan algoritma naive bayes. Klasifikasi dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna untuk melihat opini positif, negatif, dan netral. Hasil uji akurasi pada metode naive bayes untuk klasifikasi yaitu 69.97%.
Improvement of Self-Predictive Incremental Conductance Algorithm with the Ability to Detect Dynamic Conditions

This paper presents a new version of the incremental conductance algorithm for more accurate tracking of the maximum power point (MPP). The modified algorithm is called self-predictive incremental conductance (SPInC), and it recognizes the operational region. It is capable of detecting dynamic conditions, and it detects sudden changes in power resulting from changes in the intensity of radiation or temperature. By selecting the appropriate step size, it obtains maximum power from the panel at any moment. The improved algorithm reduces output power ripple and increases the efficiency of the system by detecting the operating area and selecting the appropriate step size for each region. The SPInC algorithm divides the system’s work areas into three operating zones. It calculates the size of the appropriate step changes for each region after identifying the regions, which allows for more accurate tracking of the MPP and increases the system efficiency at a speed equal to the speed of the conventional method. These additional operations did not result in a system slowdown in the tracking maximum power. According to the MATLAB/Simulink simulation results, the SPInC algorithm is more efficient than conventional InC, and the ripple output power is reduced. SPInC is also compared to the improved perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm. In general, SPInC can compete with the popular algorithms that have been recently proposed for MPPT in the other researches.
Mass Spectrometry: An Analytical Method

Mass spectrometry is a central analytical technique for protein research and for the study of biomolecules in general. Driven by the need to identify, characterize, and quantify proteins at ever increasing sensitivity and in ever more complex samples, a wide range of new mass spectrometryâbased analytical platforms and experimental strategies have emerged