Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intellectual property escaped with the email? Press F1 for help

In this paper we describe an approach to information assurance in which we can prevent breach of confidentiality. Specifically, we examine aspects of the propagation of confidential information via email. Email provides one simple mechanism by which naive users can rapidly breach confidence, and effectively demonstrates the difficulty in enforcing "best practice". We propose and demonstrate an intelligent filtering system aimed at prevention of disclosure and enforcement of "best practice". We show how work in corpus linguistics and data mining can contribute significantly to information assurance and report on experiments on a relatively large email collection that demonstrates the value of such work. Our experiments further demonstrate the potential for reducing false positives. We give due consideration to the danger of missed messages that should have been prevented from propagation.
MEASUREMENT OF SERUM TESTOSTERONE IN KACANG GOAT BYUSING ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) TECHNIQUE: THE IMPORTANCE OF KIT VALIDATION (Pengukuran Testosteron Serum Kambing Kacang dengan Teknik Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): Pentingnya Validasi Kit)

This study was conducted to validate a commercial testosterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (DRG EIA-1559) in analytic and biological manner for measuring serum testosterone concentrations in kacang goats. This study used 18 healthy kacang goats, six bucks (>2 years), six kids ( 2 years). Blood samples were collected from jugular vein and prepared as serum. Two validation tests were performed, an analytical validation comprises a parallelism, accuracy, precision and sensitivity and a biological validation by comparing testosterone concentration from bucks, kids, and does. Testosterone concentrations were measured using ELISA technique. Data of analytical validation were analyzed descriptively and test of equality of slope was performed to see the parallelism between samples and standard curves. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for biological validation data. Results of parallelism showed that sample curve was parallel to the standard curve. Accuracy, precision (% CV of intra-and inter-assay) and sensitivity of the assay were 99.65±4.27%, <10%, <15% and 0.083 ng/ml, respectively. Results of biological validation showed that the assay used were accurately measured testosterone which testosterone concentrations in bucks were significantly higher compared to kids and does (P<0.05). In conclusion, a commercial testosterone ELISA kits (DRG EIA-1559) is a reliable assay for measuring serum testosterone concentration in kacang goats. Key words: analytical and biological validations, ELISA, testosterone, kacang goat
Job Flows, Demographics and the Financial Crisis

The recession the United States economy entered in December of 2007 is considered to be the most severe downturn the country has experienced since the Great Depression. The unemployment rate reached as high as 10.1 percent in October 2009 the highest we have seen since the 1982 recession. In this paper we decompose the changes in the unemployment rate by examining worker flows into and out of unemployment during the current recession in the United States with a special focus on the most vulnerable groups.
Speciation of Chromium in Water Samples after Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction, and Detection by Means of High-Resolution Continuum Source Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

A newly analytical method has been developed to determine total chromium and speciation of this element in water samples through dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with a high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The most significant variables affecting complexation and extraction were optimized by using response surface methodology and univariate optimization. The best conditions for both the complexation and extraction elements in this study were: complexing agent ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC 6.0 mmol L-1); pH at 2.0 (CrVI) and at 7.0 (Cr total); NaCl (5% m/v); 1-undecanol (50 µL) and ethanol 300 (CrIV) and 275 µL (total Cr). Under optimal conditions, this method resulted in a 20-100 µg L-1 linear range for CrVI and total chromium, detection limits of 0.35 (CrVI) and 6.7 µg L-1 (total Cr), as well as enriching factor of 26 (CrVI) and 19 for total Cr. The method accuracy was carried out by using certified water reference material (NIST CRM 1643e), and the results achieved were in agreement with the certified value (t-test at a confidence interval of 95%). The method developed was applied in samples of mineral water, tap water (the recovery values ranged from 88 to 115%) and seawater.
Airway and Lung Infection Tuberculosis

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are present in most regions of the world and represent a serious threat to the control of tuberculosis. They usually result from errors somewhere along the chain of management of the disease that favoured the selection of resistant mutants, progressively replacing drug-sensitive strains and transmitted to further patients. The currently recommended strategies for the control of this serious situation is the rapid identification of drug-resistant strains, careful drug management of patients with second-line drugs and prevention of the transmission of mycobacteria to contacts. Optimal selection and number of drugs and duration of treatment are not clearly defined. Prevention of the creation of additional cases of MDR-TB is crucial.
Quantitative Comparison of Four Numerical Predictions of 3D Ground Motion in the Grenoble Valley, France

This article documents a comparative exercise for numerical simulation of ground motion, addressing the seismic response of the Grenoble site, a typical Alpine valley with complex 3D geometry and large velocity contrasts. Predictions up to 2 Hz were asked for four different structure wave-field configurations (point source and extended source, with and without surface topography). This effort is part of a larger exercise organized for the third international symposium on the effects of surface geology (ESG 2006), the complete results of which are reported elsewhere (Tsuno et al., 2009). While initial, blind computations significantly differed from one another, a remarkable fit was obtained after correcting for some nonmethodological errors for four 3D methods: the arbitrary high-order derivative discontinuous Galerkin method (ADER-DGM), the velocity-stress finite-difference scheme on an arbitrary discontinuous staggered grid (FDM), and two implementations of the spectral-element method (SEM1 and SEM2). Their basic formulation is briefly recalled, and their implementation for the Grenoble Valley and the corresponding requirements in terms of computer resources are detailed. Besides a visual inspection of PGV maps, more refined, quantitative comparisons based on time-frequency analysis greatly help in understanding the origin of differences, with a special emphasis on phase misfit. The match is found excellent below 1 Hz, and gradually deteriorates for increasing frequency, reflecting differences in meshing strategy, numerical dispersion, and implementation of damping properties. While the numerical prediction of ground motion cannot yet be considered a mature, push-button approach, the good agreement reached by four participants indicates that, when used properly, numerical simulation is actually able to handle correctly wave radiation from extended sources in complex 3D media. The main recommendation to obtain reliable numerical predictions of earthquake ground motion is to use at least two different but comparably accurate methods, for instance the present formulations and implementations of the FDM, SEM, and ADER-DGM.
‘At Least I Can Do Something’: The Work of Volunteering in a Community Beset by Worklessness

The voluntary sector has been mainstreamed into public policy with consequences that include more reliance upon the time, commitment and skills of volunteers. In many policy initiatives to combat social exclusion, volunteering is cast as a form of self-improvement and re-training for the workforce. Qualitative research in a disadvantaged community, however, uncovered the persistence of more traditional forms of volunteering associated with mutual support and identification with the needs of others. Policies intended to broaden the base of the volunteer workforce need to recognise and nurture the intrinsic rewards of volunteering.
Local cell mechanics investigation by atomic force microscopy mapping and optical tweezers vertical indentation

The investigation of mechanical properties of cells represents a potential source of label free markers of cancer progression, based on measurable viscoelastic parameters. The Young modulus proved to be the most studied so far, however, even for the same cell type, the elastic modulus reported in different studies spans over a wide range of values, mainly due to the application of different experimental conditions. This complicates a reliable use of elasticity for mechanical phenotyping of cells. Here we combine two complementary techniques, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Optical Tweezers Microscopy (OTM), providing a comprehensive mechanical comparison of three human breast cell lines: normal myoepithelial (HBL-100), luminal breast cancer (MCF-7) and basal breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells. The elastic modulus was locally measured by AFM and OTM on single cells, using similar indentation approaches but different measurement parameters. Peak force tapping AFM was employed at nN forces and high loading rate to draw a viscoelastic map of each cell and the results indicated the region on top of the nuclei as the most meaningful. OTM was employed at those locations at pN forces and low loading rates, to measure the elastic modulus in a real elastic regime and rule out the contribution of viscous forces typical of AFM. When measured by either AFM or OTM, the cell lines elasticity trend was similar for the aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells, which were found to be significantly softer than the other two cell types in both measurements. However, when comparing HBL100 and MCF-7 cells, we found significant differences only when using OTM.
Estimation of the Mechanisms for Automatic Fiscal Stabilization. The Romanian Case

The set of fiscal rules within the Euro area are based on the functionality of the automatic stabilizers as a main instrument of the fiscal stabilization. This non-discretionary approach should guarantee that the evolution of the current budget deficit is anti-cyclic and thus it should contribute to the economic stability. According to the Convergence Program submitted to the European Commission, Romania proposes to access the Euro area in 2015. For this reason, the assessment of the automatic fiscal stabilization mechanism for the Romanian economy is essential, under the terms in which the adjustment mechanisms (possibly alternative) – at the markets' level are poor. This study makes an estimation for the extent of the automatic stabilizers for Romania, with the purpose of assessing the macroeconomic stabilizing role of the Romanian fiscal policy during the period 2000-2010, by using the official methods of the International Monetary Fund and of the European Commission.
Genotype x environment interaction for grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds under salinity stress

An experiment was conducted on Maize (Zea mays L.) to investigate the genotype × environment interaction for gain yield of maize inbreds under salinity stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate G × E interactions and yield stability in multi-environmental trials across wide ecological stress environments. Prescreened thirteen maize inbred lines collected from CYMMT, India were evaluated for phenotypic traits at different salinity conditions (8dS, 12dS and 16dS) with normal environment. The environmental mean and genotypic mean ranged from 10.3 to 49.7 g and 10.9 to 52.8 g, respectively. The regression coefficient (bi) values of these genotypes ranged from 0.44 to 1.66. Among the genotypes P43, CZ29 and CZ33 produced higher grain yield and highly responsive under different salinity level. On the other hand considering the Pi, bi, S 2 di and AMMI bi-plot analysis the genotypes E32, P29 and P35 showed almost stable performance across the different salinity conditions.
Multi-model comparison of urban heat island modelling approaches

Abstract. Cities are characterized by different physical properties of surface compared to their rural counterparts, resulting in a specific regime of the meteorological phenomenon. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of typical urban surfaces on the central European urban climate in several model simulations, performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and Regional Climate Model (RegCM). The specific processes occurring in the typical urban environment are described in the models by various types of urban parameterizations, greatly differing in complexity. Our results show that all models and urban parameterizations are able to reproduce the most typical urban effect, the summer evening and nocturnal urban heat island, with the average magnitude of 2–3 °C. The impact of cities on the wind is clearly dependent on the urban parameterization employed, with more simple ones unable to fully capture the wind speed reduction induced by the city. In the summer, a significant difference in the boundary-layer height (about 25 %) between models is detected. The urban-induced changes of temperature and wind speed are propagated into higher altitudes up to 2 km, with a decreasing tendency of their magnitudes. With the exception of the daytime in the summer, the urban environment improves the weather conditions a little with regard to the pollutant dispersion, which could lead to the partly decreased concentration of the primary pollutants.
Superconducting and hybrid systems for magnetic field shielding

In this paper we investigate and compare the shielding properties of superconducting and hybrid superconducting/ferromagnetic systems, consisting of cylindrical cups with an aspect ratio of height/radius close to unity. First, we reproduced, by finite-element calculations, the induction magnetic field values measured along the symmetry axis in a superconducting (MgB2) and in a hybrid configuration (MgB2/Fe) as a function of the applied magnetic field and of the position. The calculations are carried out using the vector potential formalism, taking into account simultaneously the non-linear properties of both the superconducting and the ferromagnetic material. On the basis of the good agreement between the experimental and the computed data we apply the same model to study the influence of the geometric parameters of the ferromagnetic cup as well as of the thickness of the lateral gap between the two cups on the shielding properties of the superconducting cup. The results show that in the considered non-ideal geometry, where the edge effect in the flux penetration cannot be disregarded, the superconducting shield is always the most efficient solution at low magnetic fields. However, a partial recovery of the shielding capability of the hybrid configuration occurs if a mismatch in the open edges of the two cups is considered. In contrast, at high magnetic fields the hybrid configurations are always the most effective. In particular, the highest shielding factor was found for solutions with the ferromagnetic cup protruding over the superconducting one.
Organism ( s ) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Shigellaflexneri Escherichia coli Salmonella typhi murium Salmonella paratyphi Salmonella typhi Enterobacter sp Klebssiella pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus mutans Staphylococcus citreus Staphylococcus epidermidis

The aim of the present study was to assess the biological properties of Dipteris conjugate and to identify its functional compounds. The methanolic leaves-extract (MLE) of D. conjugate at different concentrations 5 to 30 μg/ml were assessed for anti-bacterial activities by measuring inhibition zones against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains using agar diffusion method. MLE at a concentration of 25 μg/ml showed marked anti-bacterial activity against all bacterial strains (1125 mm zone of inhibition) and was maximum against Staphylococcus aureus (25 mm). The MLE of had the best MIC values of 2.25 and 9.0 mg/ml against S.aureus and Enterobacter sp. , respe D. conjugate actively. The MLE also possessed good antilipolytic activity (55%) against a porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) and cholesterol oxidase inhibition (69%). The present study provided strong experimental evidences that the MLE of D.conjugate is not only a potent source of natural anti-oxidants and anti-bacterial activity but also possesses efficient cholesterol degradation and anti-lipolytic activities that might be beneficial in the body weight management. The results suggest that MLE of D. conjugate could potentially be employed in traditional medicine as they are rich in compounds with anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-lipolytic properties. Keywords— Dipteris conjugate; phyto-chemicals; anti-oxidant; anti-bacterial activity.
Evidence for the class of the most luminous quasars: IV. Cosmological Malmquist bias and the Λ term

We study if the evidence for the optically luminous subclass of radio quasars (Teerikorpi 2000, 2001), depends on the Friedmann model used, especially on the presence or not of a A term. Previously this grouping, with distinct properties, was found at M V -26.0 + 5 log h (Ω m = 1, Ω A = 0). The cosmological Malmquist bias approach shows that the member candidates, separated by an empty luminosity range from fainter quasars, as well or better appear in the currently favoured flat models with a non-zero A. We briefly illustrate the effect of A on the Malmquist bias, depending on the steeper volume derivative and longer luminosity distance in A models.
Impact of supported employment on service costs and income of people with mental health needs

Background: A 12-month study of UK supported employment providers found that 77 (54.6%) of the participants in the study remained unemployed, 32 (22.7%) got jobs and 32 (22.7%) retained the jobs they held at the outset. Aims: To explore the impact of moving into employment on service use, earnings, benefits and tax allowances claimed. Methods: Service use and frequency were measured at baseline and 12 months. Comparisons paid particular attention to the differences between people entering work and those who remained unemployed. Costs were analysed from a government perspective (excluding earnings) and a societal perspective (excluding welfare benefits and taxes). Results: People who entered work reduced their consumption of mental health services (p < 0.001). However, use of supported employment increased (p = 0.04), in contrast to falling use by people who remained unemployed (p < 0.001) and those who had been working for more than one year (p = 0.002). The increase in earnings for those entering work (p = 0.02) was not offset by a similar reduction in benefits. Conclusion: This indicates that mental health services may make savings as a result of their clients engaging in paid work. It raises questions about the optimal nature and organization of employment support for this service user group.
Substructural investigations, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopies of nanocrystalline ZnO films deposited by pulsed spray pyrolysis

Nanocrystalline ZnO films were deposited onto glass substrates in the temperature range of 473–673 K using pulsed spray pyrolysis. The structural, substructural, and optical properties of the films were investigated by means of X‐ray diffraction analysis, Raman scattering, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of the substrate temperature (Ts) on the coherent scattering domain (CSD) sizes L, microstrains ϵ, and microstress σ grades, and the average density of dislocations ρ in the films were estimated through the broadening of X‐ray lines using the Cauchy and Gauss approximations and the threefold function convolution method. The ZnO films grown at Ts = 623–673 K possessed the highest values of L, and the lowest of ϵ, σ, and ρ, indicating high‐crystalline quality. The Raman spectra showed peaks located at 95–98, 333–336, 415, 439–442, 572, and 578–584 cm−1, which were interpreted as E2low(Zn), (E2high−E2low), E1(TO), E2high(O), A1(LO) and E1(LO) phonon modes of the ZnO wurtzite phase. The FTIR spectra showed relatively weak signals at 856, 1405, and 1560 cm−1, corresponding to the C–H and C–O stretching modes, in addition to the main Zn–O mode at 475 cm−1, indicating a low content of precursor residues.
Feedback-optimized operations with linear ion crystals

We report transport operations with linear crystals of 40Ca+ ions performed by applying complex electric time-dependent potentials. For their control we use the information obtained from the ions’ fluorescence. We demonstrate that by means of this feedback technique, we can transport a predefined number of ions and also split and unify ion crystals. The feedback control allows for a robust scheme, compensating for experimental errors, as it does not rely on a precisely known electrical modeling of the electric potentials in the ion trap beforehand. Our method allows us to generate a self-learning voltage ramp for the required process. With an experimental demonstration of a transport with more than 99.8% success probability, this technique may facilitate the operation of a future ion-based quantum processor.
How would a fixed-exchange-rate regime fit the transition economies?

Cet article est une extension des travaux de Dibooglu et Kutan [Journal of Comparative Economics, juin 2001] dans deux directions. D’une part, une analyse bivariee incluant le taux de change effectif reel (TCER) et le taux d’inflation est appliquee non seulement aux cas de la Hongrie et de la Pologne, mais aussi a celui de la Republique tcheque. L’echantillon retenu, 1993-1 :2002-12, exclut les disfonctionnements propres au debut de la transition vers une economie de marche. D’autre part, la production industrielle et le taux d’interet nominal sont introduites dans le VAR de facon a etudier les effets des chocs de politique economique sur le taux de change. Ceci permet d’illustrer les gains et couts associes aux regimes de change adoptes par ces trois pays et d’evaluer les consequences probables de la participation a un regime de change fixe tel que le SME bis. Trois principaux resultats emergent de cet article : (1) contrairement a Dibooglu et Kutan, les fonctions de reponse temoignent d’un fort degre de flexibilite des prix dans les trois pays etudies ; (2) les chocs nominaux ont relativement plus d’impact en Pologne que dans les deux autres pays ; de plus, les fluctuations du taux de change nominal expliquent une part importante des fluctuations du TCER de la Pologne ; (3) le policy mix polonais apparait plus credible que celui des deux autres pays. Les auteurs en concluent que le passage en SME bis sera moins benefique a la Pologne qu’a la Republique tcheque et a la Hongrie. Classifications JEL : C50, E63, F31, P22