Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A parameter optimized variational mode decomposition method for rail crack detection based on acoustic emission technique

ABSTRACT An important issue in analysing signals by the variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm is to confirm the number of modes and the balance parameter. In the applications of fault detection, most studies optimise parameters by the characteristics to extract fault information perfectly. Then, the results are used for subsequent operations such as fault analysis and classification. However, the optimal methods aiming at extracting fault information are not completely applicable to detect whether the fault occurs for different signal segments. To address this issue, this paper proposes a parameter optimised VMD method, and it is used to analyse acoustic emission (AE) signals from actual operating railway environment. Firstly, an optimised index is constructed based on a universally ideal decomposition result, which completely decomposes the signal without mode mixing and over-decomposition. Then, the VMD parameters are searched by the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm using the maximum index as the optimisation fitness function. Meanwhile, the permutation entropy feature of modes obtained by the optimised parameters is extracted to detect rail crack signals. After that, the proposed method is further analysed based on two different AE signals. Finally, the detection results are analysed and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Recherche d'indices de vie ou d'habitabilité sur mars : simulation en laboratoire des processus d'évolution de molécules organiques à la surface de mars

Comprendre l'evolution de la matiere organique sur Mars est un enjeu majeur pour interpreter les analyses passees, presentes, et conduire les analyses futures des sondes d'exploration in situ destinees a determiner si Mars a pu reunir des conditions favorables a l'emergence de la vie. Depuis la planete Mars primitive jusqu'a aujourd'hui, des molecules organiques ont pu etre produites par de multiples voies de formation (abiotiques, prebiotiques, voire biologiques) ou apportees sur Mars via le flux meteoritique incident. Mais depuis 3 milliards d'annees, suite a la perte du champ magnetique de la planete puis d'une grande partie de son atmosphere, le rayonnement ultraviolet, la presence d'oxydants, les particules solaires et les rayons cosmiques peuvent generer des processus physico-chimiques faisant evoluer les molecules organiques a la surface de Mars. Dans ce contexte, quelle est l'evolution des potentielles molecules organiques presentes en surface ? Ce travail presente l'investigation en laboratoire des impacts qualitatif et quantitatif du rayonnement UV et des processus d'oxydation - representatifs de la surface de Mars - sur une selection de molecules organiques. L'optimisation du dispositif de simulation MOMIE (pour Mars Organic Molecule Irradiation and Evolution) et la mise en place d'un protocole d'analyse adapte ont permis de determiner la nature des produits d'evolution (solide ou gazeux) et les parametres cinetiques (temps de vie extrapoles a la surface de Mars, rendements quantiques) de chaque molecule. Les resultats obtenus indiquent que l'exposition de certaines molecules organiques au rayonnement UV conduit a court terme a la formation de residus solides, probablement de nature macromoleculaire, pouvant contribuer a une stabilite sur le long terme. D'autre part, l'etude de l'evolution de molecules en interaction chimique avec une argile presente a la surface de Mars, la nontronite, a permis de mettre en evidence pour certaines molecules un effet protecteur marque vis-a-vis du rayonnement UV, mais pas d'effet catalytique des processus d'alteration, et pour d'autres une reactivite particuliere avec un possible effet catalytique. Enfin, les parametres cinetiques determines pour chacune des molecules etudiees fournissent des donnees d'entree essentielles pour la modelisation numerique spatiale du reservoir actuel de molecules organiques sur Mars.
Tungsten Isotope Composition of Archean Crustal Reservoirs and Implications for Terrestrial μ182W Evolution

The evolution of Earth's major geochemical reservoirs over ~4.5 × 109 years remains a matter of intense study. Geochemical tools in the form of short‐lived radionuclide isotope ratios (142Nd/144Nd and 182W/184W) have expanded our understanding of the geochemical variability in both the modern and ancient Earth. Here, we present 142Nd/144Nd and 182W/184W data from a suite of rocks from the Slave craton that formed over a 1.1 × 109 year time span in the Archean. The rocks have consistently high 182W/184W, yet 142Nd/144Nd that is lower than bulk mantle and increased over time. The declining variability in 142Nd/144Nd with time likely reflects the homogenization of compositional heterogeneities in the silicate Earth that were initially created by differentiation events that occurred prior to 4.2 Ga. The elevated 182W/184W recorded in the Slave samples help refine models for the broader W‐isotope evolution of the silicate Earth. Globally, the Archean mantle that formed continental crust was dominated by 182W/184W elevated by some 10–15 ppm compared to the value for the modern upper mantle. The Slave craton lacks significant volumes of komatiite yet has elevated 182W/184W until 2.9 Ga. This observation, combined with the presence of other komatiite suites that have low 182W/184W, suggests that deep‐seated sources contributed low 182W/184W in the Archean Earth. The regional variability in 182W/184W may be explained by invoking chemical and/or isotopic exchange between a well‐mixed silicate Earth and the core or a portion of the lower mantle whose W‐isotope composition has been influenced by interaction with the core.
Sources of expertise in social enterprises

Correspondence Robert Anthony Allen, Centre for Defence Management and Leadership, Cranfield University, Room 264, Wellington Hall, Shrivenham Campus, United Kingdom SN6 8LA. Email: robby.allen@cranfield.ac. uk Abstract Social enterprises draw upon multifarious sources of expertise in pursuit of their social and business goals. The social enterprise's first source of expertise is that of their own relational experience derived from their previous employment or experiences and context expertise developed from a deep understanding of their own business. They seek advice from a wide expert-support network favoring those associated with business acumen more than any other. The expert-support network consists of eight distinct categories that are described in a comprehensive model.
Investigations in MALDI-MSI using a high repetition rate laser

Within these studies the properties of a high repetition rate (≤ 25,000 Hz) Nd:YVO4 laser were investigated with a view to improving the throughput and quality of information obtained from MALDI MS data collected in continuous raster sampling mode. Initially, the nature of the laser beam profile was investigated and a novel fluorometric method developed for imaging these profiles. Analysis of thin film samples of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) and lipid standard phophatidylcholine (PC) 34:1 were carried out. Under most conditions a lower repetition rate and slow stage raster speed were found to be optimal. However, in tissue based investigations repetition rates of 5-10 kHz and faster raster speeds were found to increase the detected ion intensity. Subsequent to this, the use of para-nitroaniline (PNA) as an effective matrix for high-repetition rate laser MALDI MSI applications was investigated and compared to CHCA. PNA was found to provide high quality MSI data, comparable to or better than that obtained with CHCA. The utility of CHCA and PNA were then investigated for the repeat analysis of single tissue sections with a view to increasing the amount of information obtained. Up to five analyses of the same tissue section were demonstrated. Repeat analysis was then applied to the acquisition of both lipid and protein data from a single tissue section using multiple matrices and tissue washing.
A lightweight attribute-based authentication system with DAA

In cloud computing environment, while preventing users from illegally accessing resources, various cloud service systems must provide protection for authorized users of their personal sensitive information. Attribute-based authentication (ABA) makes it possible to solve the above problems. An efficient ABA system was put forward by extending the direct anonymous attestation (DAA) scheme of Brickell et al. During the construction of the new system, the technique of lightweight ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption was adopted, and the online computing task of users was optimized. Compared with other similar systems, the new system is characterized by the use of trusted computing technology to improve the level of privacy protection of users, and the computational complexity of users in the authentication stage is independent of the size of access policy.
Catalysts for H2 production

The research of new catalysts for the hydrogen production described in this thesis was inserted within a collaboration of Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials of University of Bologna and Air Liquide (Centre de Recherche Claude-Delorme, Paris). The aim of the work was focused on the study of new materials, active and stable in the hydrogen production from methane, using either a new process, the catalytic partial oxidation (CPO), or a enhanced well-established process, the steam methane reforming (SMR). Two types of catalytic materials were examined: 1) Bulk catalysts, i.e. non-supported materials, in which the active metals (Ni and/or Rh) are stabilized inside oxidic matrix, obtained from perovskite type compounds (PVK) and from hydrotalcite type precursors (HT); 2) Structured catalysts, i.e. catalysts supported on materials having high thermal conductivity (SiC and metallic foams). As regards the catalytic partial oxidation, the effect of the metal (Ni and/or Rh), the role of the metal/matrix ratio and the matrix formulation of innovative catalysts obtained from hydrotalcite type precursors and from perovskites were examined. In addition, about steam reforming process, the study was carried out first on commercial type catalysts, examining the deactivation in industrial conditions, the role of the operating conditions and the activity of different type of catalysts. Then, innovative materials bulk (PVK and HT) and structured catalysts (SiC and metallic foam) were studied and a new preparation method was developed.
Association of Inflammatory Pathologies and Crohn's Disease: A Retrospective Study in the West Algerian Region

Background: Crohn's disease is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory bowel disease that progresses slowly. Also CD patients have a large number of extra-intestinal manifestations. Objective: we sought to define the possible associations between inflammatory pathology and localization and on the other hand, inflammatory pathologies and the disease behavior Methods: A retrospective analytical study was carried out at the level of gastric and general surgery services of Western Algerian University Hospital of Sidi Bel Abbes region, during the period 2007-2019. Results Our study was based on a total sample of 295 cases involving 114 females (38.6%) and 181 males (61.4%) with a sex ratio of (1 .58). The location of the disease at the time of diagnosis was dominated by the ileo-caecal location (55.3%), of which 64.4% were associated with inflammatory pathology (IP). The majority of patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease had an inflammatory behavior and this for all age groups. The appendix, the ulcer and inflammatory anemia are most associated with Crohn’s disease. For inflammatory extra-intestinal manifestations, only group of patients with arthralgia had significantly higher rates in the 20-60 age groups. The mainly noted risk factors were appendectomy with (17.3%), smoking (22.4%) with a highly significant association, and alcoholism (6.1%). Conclusion According to our results the association of inflammatory pathology and crohn disease is more frequent in male and dominated by arthralgia as extra-intestinal manifestations lesions.
AN ALGORITHM FOR REMOTE ACCESS TOOL FOR THE INTEL REFERENCE VALIDATION PLATFORMS

A BSTRACT . Remote Access control is important and a precondition for an efﬁ-cient production within an organization. At the organizational level, to verify or track the status of a hardware platform present at a distant location, the engineer must be physically present at that location, this circumstance must be improvised because it is impractical to be present at the location as and when the requirement arises. In this paper we have proposed an architecture of a remote access tool that will allow the user at remote end to control, monitor and validate the Intel Reference Validation Platforms (IRVP) from remote end. The tool consists of an add-in card which will be connected to the RVP, a program that will be installed on the microcontroller in the add-in card and duplication of the host machine using ethernet or cloud connectivity. This tool aims to develop the connection between the Reference Validation Platforms (RVP) and the remote-positioned host computer, by the means of this connection we are able to retrieve the register information from the RVP and perform operations like switching RVP on and off, resetting it, accessing its I2C buses and controlling the General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins. In this paper we have discussed algorithm and commands of the ﬁrmware developed using Keil tool. This code is used to communicate with the host. The onsite host can be then accessed by the user from remote location and hence the RVP can be operated remotely as well.
Conceptual metaphor and image schema representations of cancer-related deaths of selected prominent Kenyan personalities in the print media

Conceptual metaphors pervade everyday conversations but are used unconsciously. A sample of metaphorical expressions used to express the abstract entity death was collected from two local dailies that is, The Daily Nation and The Standard in Kenya. The deaths that formed the point of focus for this study are those of three prominent Kenyan personalities: Bob Collymore, the then Chief Executive Officer of Safaricom, Ken Okoth, the then Kibra MP and Joyce Laboso, the then governor of Bomet County all of whom died in month of July 2019. Conceptual metaphors of death were derived from the metaphorical expressions and analysed using Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) theory of Conceptual Metaphors and Johnson’s (1987) theory of Image Schemas. Steen’s (1999) five-step procedure that assists in the identification of conceptual metaphor was employed. The metaphorical expressions of death were extracted and classified with regard to their connectedness. The data for the study was thereafter analysed qualitatively. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Findings indicate that the cognitive linguistics model used dispenses devices for comprehending, interpreting and accounting for abstract concepts in terms of concreteness. Conceptual metaphors are a cognitive means for the society to conceptualize death as an abstract entity.
Case Analysis of Amazon's Acquisition of Whole Foods

Since the 21st century, the process of economic globalization has accelerated the occurrence of various enterprise economic activities. Take the example of acquisitions, the number of occurrences in the world is increasing every year. Amazon's acquisition of Whole Foods is undoubtedly one of the most successful cases of the 2010s, whether in terms of economic benefits or the subsequent development of the two. This research first introduces the basic information of Amazon and Whole Foods Supermarkets to explain the conditions and timing of mergers and acquisitions; secondly, this research analyses various financial indicators of Amazon after acquiring Whole Foods supermarkets and analyses this acquisition behaviour financial synergies brought to Amazon; finally this research elaborated on the operational synergies and management synergies brought by this acquisition.
Deployment of Beyond 4G Wireless Communication Networks with Carrier Aggregation

This work is funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the project UIDB/EEA/50008/2020, COST CA 15104 IRACON, ORCIP and CONQUEST (CMU/ECE/0030/2017), TeamUp5G project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie project number 813391.
BATS AND TERMITE NESTS: ROOSTING ECOLOGY OF Lophostoma brasiliense(CHIROPTERA: PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) IN COLOMBIA

Interactions of bats with their roosts have played an important role in bat evolution. These interactions are well-known in frugivorous bats, where it has been found that several morphological characters may be associated to speci c roosts, as in tent-roosting species from subtribes Vampyressina and Artibeina or foliage-roosting bats Stenodermatina. However, data on interactions between bats and roosts are scarce for several other groups. This is the case for Lophostoma species and termite nests, which are the preferred shelters for this genus. Herein we provide new data on roosting ecology of the bat Lophostoma brasiliense, along with information on diet and activity patterns. We additionally compiled data on use of termite nests by these bats. L. brasiliense consumed 11 food items, mainly Coleoptera and Heterocera and were more active between 00:00 and 02:00 h. According to our results L. brasiliense and L. silvicolum are strongly associated with termite nests and each of these species appears to have particular roost requirements. The use of termite nest is currently documented for 15 bat species with a high frequency in Lophostoma species, but evolutionary mechanisms that generated the use of this type shelter remain unknown. RESUMEN. Murciélagos y termiteros: ecología del refugio de Lophostoma brasiliense (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en Colombia. Las interacciones de los murciélagos con sus refugios han jugado un rol importante en la evolución de estos organismos. Estas interacciones son bien conocidas en murciélagos frugívoros, donde se ha encontrado que varios caracteres morfológicos pueden estar asociados a refugios especí cos, como en las especies de las tribus Vampyressina y Artibeina que construyen tiendas de campaña en hojas o de la tribu Stenodermatina que se refugian en el follaje. Sin embargo, datos sobre interacciones entre murciélagos y sus refugios son escasos para otros grupos. Este es el caso para las especies de Lophostoma y los termiteros, los cuales son el refugio preferido por este género de murciélagos. Aquí, nosotros proveemos nuevos datos sobre la ecología del refugio del murciélago Lophostoma brasiliense, incluyendo información sobre dieta y patrones de actividad. Adicionalmente, compilamos datos sobre el uso de termiteros por murciélagos. L. brasiliense consumió 11 ítems alimenticios, principalmente Coleoptera y Heterocera y presento una mayor actividad entre las 00:00 y 02:00 h. De acuerdo a los resultados, L. brasiliense y L. silvicolum están fuertemente asociados a los termiteros y cada una de estas especies parece tener requerimientos particulares de refugio. El uso de termiteros es documentando para 15 especies de murciélagos con una mayor frecuencia en las especies de Lophostoma, pero los mecanismos evolutivos que generaron el uso de este tipo de refugios permanecen desconocidos. Recibido 14 julio 2019. Aceptado 20 noviembre 2019. Editor asociado: A. P. Cruz-Neto. ROOSTING ECOLOGY OF Lophostoma brasiliense 73
Combining Convolutional-kernel-based Conditional Random Field with Deep Neural Network For Road Detection

: Deep learning methods have achieved excellent detection results in various road databases. However, due to some harsh road conditions, these network models still suffer from some abnormal phenomena such as hollowness, unsmooth edges and so on. To address this problem, we improve the road detection network via a novel convolutional-kernel-based conditional random field (CK-CRF), which designs some special convolutional kernels for hollowness scanning. Experiments on two open road datasets show that the proposed method outperforms the-state-of-the-art models by an obvious margin, including the famous deeplab network with a traditional conditional random fields based on fully-connected layers.
Firms enabling responsible consumption: a netnographic approach

PurposeThis study explores enablers that firms could use to motivate consumers toward responsible consumption behavior. Completing the loop of responsible consumption – linking firms and consumers –helps firms to attain responsible consumption targets as part of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Design/methodology/approachThe study uses netnography as the qualitative research methodology.FindingsThe important enablers of responsible consumption behavior are choice editing, design intervention, addressing consumers' environmental identity, brand assurance, promoting innovation mindset and consumer empowerment – at the level of consumers and at the crosslevel of interaction between firms and consumers. Such enablers can help the firms in nudging their consumers toward responsible consumption.Research limitations/implicationsUsing the lens of the expectancy–value theory of achievement motivation, this study extends the theoretical domain of responsible consumption.Practical implicationsThe enablers of responsible consumption behaviors found here serve as a useful guide for the strategies to attain the SDGs.Social implicationsThe SDG goal 12 of responsible consumption is the focus of this study. The entire fabric of responsible consumption is woven around anthropocentric views, and hence the findings of this study have clear social implications.Originality/valueThis is a first study to explore how firms can facilitate consumers to consume responsibly, to attain the SDGs. This is also one of the first studies on responsible consumption, using netnography as the research methodology. Additionally, it also extends the applicability of the expectancy–value theory of achievement motivation to the context of responsible consumption behavior.
Investigation on Battery Thermal Management of Power Battery Based on Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicle

The present study on battery thermal management performance is mainly based on the research conducted in a single-pack environment, without considering the impact of the vehicle driving environment on the thermal performance of the power battery. Therefore, this paper conducts a research on the thermal management performance of the power battery and considers the effect of heat exchange under the driving conditions of the whole vehicle. In addition, the ohmic heat generation method of a battery pack in the process of charging and dis-charging is established in this paper. The complete heat exchange condition of a liquid cooling power battery is obtained and the research of thermal management performance is carried out. The results indicated that the tested temperature values at sensor NTC position are in good agreement with the predicted data. The maximum temperature deviation between numerical results and experiment data at the same temperature sensor (NTC) position is 1.4 °C, which demonstrates that the prediction accuracy of numerical simulation methods adopted in this paper is significantly high.