Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase and 2-5A system are both activated in interferon-treated, encephalomyocarditis virus-infected HeLa cells

Activation of the interferon-inducible, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase was monitored in monolayer cultures of control and interferon-treated HeLa cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. The extent of phosphorylation in the intact cell of the alpha-subunit of eucaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF2 by the kinase was determined for the first time in this type of system, using a two-dimensional immunoblot technique. Virus protein synthesis and the kinetics of activation of the ppp(A2'p)nA (n greater than or equal to 2) system were analyzed in parallel. Enhanced phosphorylation of eIF2-alpha was obvious at 9 h and increased by 12 h postinfection. ppp(A2'p)nA and ppp(A2'p)nA-mediated rRNA cleavage were observed from 6 h. No viral protein synthesis was detected in cells in which a general inhibition of protein synthesis developed with time. It can be concluded that both the kinase and ppp(A2'p)nA system are active in interferon-treated, encephalomyocarditis virus-infected HeLa cells.
Colloid Movement in Unsaturated Porous Media: Recent Advances and Future Directions

Investigations of colloid movement through geologic materials are driven by a variety of issues, including contaminant transport, soil‐profile development, and subsurface migration of pathogenic microorganisms. In this review, we address recent advances in understanding of colloid transport through partially saturated porous media. Special emphasis is placed on features of the vadose zone (i.e., the presence of air–water interfaces, rapid fluctuations in porewater flow rates and chemistry) that distinguish colloid transport in unsaturated media from colloid transport in saturated media. We examine experimental studies on colloid deposition and mobilization and survey recent developments in modeling colloid transport and mass transfer. We conclude with an overview of directions for future research in this field.
Screening for intracranial aneurysms

EDITOR,--Since migraine without aura aggregates in families of probands with migraine without aura, it is expected that migraine without aura is less common in families of probands who have never had migraine. We calculated the population relative risk, adjusting for sex and age, since migraine without aura depends on these factors. If the population relative risk significantly exceeds one an increased family aggregation is implied, whereas a result significantly below one implies a decreased family aggregation. W E Waters states that the risk of migraine without aura among the first degree relatives …
Characteristic-Sorted Portfolios: Estimation and Inference

Abstract Portfolio sorting is ubiquitous in the empirical finance literature, where it has been widely used to identify pricing anomalies. Despite its popularity, little attention has been paid to the statistical properties of the procedure. We develop a general framework for portfolio sorting by casting it as a nonparametric estimator. We present valid asymptotic inference methods and a valid mean square error expansion of the estimator leading to an optimal choice for the number of portfolios. In practical settings, the optimal choice may be much larger than the standard choices of five or ten. To illustrate the relevance of our results, we revisit the size and momentum anomalies.
Preterm Birth andMortality andMorbidity A Population-Based Quasi-experimental Study

RESULTS In the population, there was a dose-response relationship between early gestation and the outcome measures. For example, extreme preterm birth (23-27 weeks of gestation) was associated with infant mortality (odds ratio, 288.1; 95% CI, 271.7-305.5), autism (hazard ratio [HR], 3.2; 95% CI, 2.6-4.0), low educational attainment (HR, 1.7; 1.5-2.0), and social welfare benefits (HR, 1.3; 1.2-1.5) compared with offspring born at term. The associations between early gestation and mortality and psychiatric morbidity generally were robust when comparing differentially exposed siblings and controlling for statistical covariates, whereas the associations with academic and some social problems were greatly or completely attenuated in the fixed-effects models.
Outer segments of photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium. Interrelationship in the human eye.

The pigment epithelium has two types of processes: (1) relatively slender, fringe-like villi projecting between the outer segments of the photoreceptors, and (2) broad, rampart-like cytoplasmic sheets encompassing the tips of the outer segments. The latter processes play an important role in the normal cohesion between neuroretina and pigment epithelium. In addition, they are capable of phagocytosing the tips of outer segments by protruding inward from all sides. This leads to the formation of pigment epithelial inclusions termed "phagosomes. " The phagosomes disintegrate in the pigment epithelium, which results in a change of their morphology. A classification for these morphologically different pigment epithelial inclusions is proposed.
Poster: Measuring Developers' Sentiments in the Android Open Source Project

Sentiments have a high impact on productivity, task quality, task synchronization and job satisfaction of a highly collaborative activity where a group of people communicates through different communication channels (i.e., code reviews, bug comments, mailing list). In this research, we try to investigate how we can predict the sentiments of Android developers accurately and how those emotions can potentially influence communication/ collaborations between a communicating pair and ultimately influence project outcome.
SNCA rs3822086 C>T Polymorphism Increases the Susceptibility to Parkinson's Disease in a Chinese Han Population.

OBJECTIVE Protofibrils of alpha-synuclein mediate neuronal cell death and propagate Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we investigated the relationship between the rs3822086 C>T polymorphism located in the fourth intron of the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene and susceptibility to PD in a Chinese Han population. METHODS 146 PD patients and 144 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals (control group) were selected for this study. The SNCA rs3822086 polymorphism was examined in all 300 study subjects by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. RESULTS The genotype and allele frequencies of the SNCA rs3822086 polymorphism showed significant differences between the PD group and control group (TT: 25.3% vs. 18.8%, p=0.035; CT+TT: 77.4% vs. 66.0%, p=0.031; T allele: 51.4% vs. 42.4%, p=0.030; respectively). Stratified analyses based on gender indicated that male PD patients exhibited higher genotype and allele frequencies of the SNCA rs3822086 polymorphism compared to healthy male controls (TT: 26.7% vs. 13.2%, p=0.011; CC+CT: 73.3% vs. 86.8%, p=0.024; T allele: 51.2% vs. 37.9%, p=0.012; respectively). Age-stratified analyses indicated that the genotype and allele frequencies of the SNCA rs3822086 polymorphism were significantly higher in PD patients older than 60 years in comparison to healthy controls (TT: 32.2% vs. 20.5%, p=0.014; CT+TT: 77.0% vs. 60.2%, p=0.017; T allele: 54.6% vs. 40.3%, p=0.008; respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that the SNCA rs3822086 C>T polymorphism correlates with increased susceptibility to PD among the Chinese Han population.
Predictors of home healthcare nurse retention.

PURPOSE To examine the level of job satisfaction and test a theoretical model of the direct and indirect effects of job satisfaction, and individual nurse and agency characteristics, on intent to stay and retention for home healthcare nurses. DESIGN A descriptive correlation study of home healthcare nurses in six New England states. METHODS Home healthcare nurse job satisfaction self-report data was collected with the HHNJS survey questionnaire & Retention Survey Questionnaire. FINDINGS Based on a structural equation model, job tenure and job satisfaction were the strongest predictors of nurse retention. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the variables associated with home healthcare nurse retention can help agencies retain nurses in a time of severe nurse shortages and increased patient demand. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Predicted nursing shortages and increasing demand have made the retention of experienced, qualified nursing staff essential to assure access to high-quality home healthcare services in the future.
The protective effect of IFN‐γ in experimental autoimmune diseases: a central role of mycobacterial adjuvant‐induced myelopoiesis

The study of animal models for organ‐specific autoimmune disease contributes to our understanding of human diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Although experimental autoimmune diseases develop spontaneously in certain strains of mice, others need to be induced by administration of organ‐specific autoantigen, often together with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA), containing heat‐killed mycobacteria. In the two types of models, the role of endogenous interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) has extensively been investigated by using neutralizing anti‐IFN‐γ antibodies and by employing mice genetically deficient in IFN‐γ or its receptor. In these studies disease‐promoting as well as disease‐protective roles of endogenous IFN‐γ have been described. Remarkably, in most models that rely on the use of CFA, there is abundant evidence for a protective role. Here, we review evidence that this role derives from an inhibitory effect of IFN‐γ on myelopoiesis elicited by the killed mycobacteria. These findings explain the bimodal role of IFN‐γ in different models of autoimmune disease and raise questions regarding the clinical relevance of these models.
Lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein A-IV but not apolipoprotein A-I take up and esterify cell-derived cholesterol in plasma.

Two-dimensional nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGGE) identifies distinct apoA-I-or apoE-containing subclasses of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), each of which plays a different role in reverse cholesterol transport. In this study we used 2D-PAGGE to investigate the role of apoA-IV-containing lipoproteins in reverse cholesterol transport in native plasma. Incubation of 2D electrophoretograms with anti-apoA-IV antibodies identified up to three subclasses of particles. The smaller particle subclasses, LpA-IV-1 and LpA-IV-2, were found in every plasma sample. The largest particle subclass, LpA-IV-3, was observed in fewer than 10% of the plasmas analyzed. 2D-PAGGE of apoA-I-deficient plasma and apoA-I-depleted plasma and anti-apoA-I immunosubtracting 2D-PAGGE of normal plasma revealed that LpA-IV-1 and LpA-IV-2 do not contain apoA-I. The importance of LpA-IV-1 and LpA-IV-2 for uptake and esterification of cell-derived cholesterol was investigated using pulse-chase incubations of plasma with [3H]cholesterol-labeled fibroblasts followed by anti-apoA-I immunosubtracting 2D-PAGGE. During 1-minute pulse incubation with cells, [3H]cholesterol was taken up by gamma-LpE > LpA-IV-1 > pre-beta 1-LpA-I > LpA-IV-2 (">" denotes "more than"). During subsequent chase incubation without cells, proportionately less radioactivity disappeared from LpA-IV-1 and LpA-IV-2 than from pre-beta 1-LpA-I and gamma-LpE. During 5-minute pulse incubations, radioactive cholesteryl esters were formed in pre-beta 3-LpA-I > alpha-LpA-I > LpA-IV-1 > LpA-IV-2. The fractional estertification rate was highest in pre-beta 2-LpA-I and lowest in alpha-LpA-I. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relationship Between School Administrators’ Reports of Parental Involvement in School and Students’ Substance Use: A National Study

This study examines the relationship between student substance use and school-level parental involvement as reported by administrators. Questionnaires were administered to school administrators and 111,652 students in 1,011 U.S. schools. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses conducted on 1998–2003 data from students and administrators indicate significantly lower prevalence of alcohol use among eighth-graders in schools where administrators reported high parental involvement. Overall, administrators’ reports of high parental involvement were unrelated to prevalence of substance use among tenth-graders and were associated with higher prevalence of alcohol use among twelfth-graders. Implications and limitations are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.
UNE NOUVELLE INSTITUTION DANS LE PAYSAGE ADMINISTRATIF AFRICAIN, LE MEDIATEUR DE LA REPUBLIQUE : LES CAS DU CONGO, DU GABON, DU BURKINA FASO ET DU SENEGAL

L’adoption du Mediateur de la Republique, autorite administrative independante, confine aujourd’hui a l’universalisation. Les pays d’Afrique noire francophone ne sont pas restes en marge de ce mouvement. Ce choix decoule de plusieurs facteurs. On peut, notamment retenir, la volonte de renforcer la protection des administres contre l’administration, de favoriser la participation d’un organisme independant a la garantie de leurs droits, d’humaniser les rapports entre l’administration et les administres. Pour repondre a cet objectif, les pouvoirs publics des differents pays ont octroye au Mediateur de la Republique un statut et un regime juridique traduisant une volonte d’efficacite. Des mecanismes y relatifs ont ete adoptes. Pourtant, l’application du dispositif retenu laisse conclure a un e efficacite mitigee. Cela resulte du decalage entre les moyens relativement limites dont il dispose et l’importance de ses missions
THE FREQUENCY OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE AND THE CELATED RISK FACTORS IN A GROUP OF NEONATES IN THE CITY OF KERMAN DURING 1994-2002

Introduction: Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital clefts in humans. Etiology of oral clefts is multifactorial (genetic and environmental factors) and prevalence of oral clefts is different among various ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of oral clefts and risk factors related to it among a group of newborns in Iran. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 147500 files of newborns (1994-2002) in Mahdieh and Akbarabady Hospital in Tehran. The files of 193 files of newborns with oral clefts, 240 normal newborns as control group and their mothers were evaluated. Demographic data along with information about (sex, weight, prematurity, type of oral clefts) of newborns and age, drug consumption and familial matrimony of mothers were recorded. Data were analized by SPSS 10 software and the Chi-square test. Results: Out of totally 147500 newborns 193 cases had oral clefts (1.3 for 1000 brirth), 46.11% had cleft lip+cleft palate), 29.01% had (cleft lip) and 24.87% had cleft palate). Male to female ratio was 1.27. Oral clefts were significantly higher in low weight newborns (<2500 gr) (P<0.001, OR= 3.2). A significant relationship was found between familial matrimony of parents (P<0.001, OR=27), age of mother and systemic disease the mother and organic disorders. (P=0.04, OR=2.6, OR=2.3) with oral cleft in new borns. In 50% of newborns with cleft palate had other skeletal. Conclusion: The present study showed that frequency of oral clefts in the studied population was 1.3 for 1000 births, which is similar to other research results in Iran. On the base of this study low birth weight of newborns (<2500 gr), familial matrimony of parents, age of mother and systemic disease of her and large size family are the most predisposing factors associated with oral clefts, respectively A prenatal care program for pregnant women and genetic consultation in high risk groups is recomended. Key words: Lip and palate cleft, risk factors, prevalence.
Comparison of Growth Plate Violations for Transtibial and Anteromedial Surgical Techniques in Simulated Adolescent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background: Increases in the rates and intensity of youth sports participation have led to an elevated incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and reconstruction in adolescents. Traditional reconstruction techniques in the skeletally immature patient may violate the growth plates and potentially lead to deformities. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the volume and location of femoral growth plate violations resulting from anteromedial (AM) and transtibial (TT) techniques in ACL reconstruction. The hypothesis was that the more oblique angle used in femoral tunnels drilled with the AM portal technique would produce larger and more lateral violations compared with those resulting from TT tunnels. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Growth plate disturbances were quantified by performing simulated reconstructions in computer models created from magnetic resonance imaging scans of the knees of 17 adolescent participants. Locations of tunnels drilled with simulated AM and TT portal techniques were specified by an orthopaedic surgeon blinded to the locations of the femoral physes in the knee models. Tunnels with lengths of 20, 25, and 30 mm were placed in each model using simulated drill diameters of 7, 8, and 9 mm in addition to a 4.5-mm tunnel breaching the lateral cortex. Normalized measures of the volume and laterality of violations were computed. Results: Tunnels drilled with the AM portal technique disrupted a significantly larger percentage of the physis (P = .007), but the difference was not substantial. Tunnels drilled with the AM portal technique produced violations that were more lateral in the physis than those drilled with the TT technique (P < .001). Tunnels drilled with the AM portal technique resulted in mean violations that were 5.1% ± 2.1% of the physis as compared with 4.7% ± 2.0% for TT tunnels. The mean value for a normalized measure of the laterality of the violation (L score) was 0.590 ± 0.115 for tunnels drilled with the AM portal technique and 0.290 ± 0.104 for TT tunnels. The AM approach produced 16 of 153 simulated reconstructions with growth plate violations greater than 8% compared with only 10 with the TT approach. Conclusion: Results suggest that the AM approach produces growth plate violations that are larger and more lateral than the violations generated using the TT technique. AM approaches were more likely to remove more than 8% of the physeal volume, a level previously identified as posing a greater risk of growth disturbances. While the difference in the mean physeal volume removed between the approaches was small, the violations for the AM approach were much more lateral, a finding of potentially greater clinical significance. Clinical Relevance: As progressively younger patients are considered candidates for ACL reconstruction, knowledge of how variations in technique affect the developing knee is critical to preventing iatrogenic injuries.
Mannan synthase activity in the CSLD family

Cellulose Synthase Like (CSL) proteins are a group of plant glycosyltransferases that are predicted to synthesize β-1,4-linked polysaccharide backbones. CSLC, CSLF and CSLH families have been confirmed to synthesize xyloglucan and mixed linkage β-glucan, while CSLA family proteins have been shown to synthesize mannans. The polysaccharide products of the five remaining CSL families have not been determined. Five CSLD genes have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and a role in cell wall biosynthesis has been demonstrated by reverse genetics. We have extended past research by producing a series of double and triple Arabidopsis mutants and gathered evidence that CSLD2, CSLD3 and CSLD5 are involved in mannan synthesis and that their products are necessary for the transition between early developmental stages in Arabidopsis. Moreover, our data revealed a complex interaction between the three glycosyltransferases and brought new evidence regarding the formation of non-cellulosic polysaccharides through multimeric complexes.
Quality of Life of Patients with Bilateral Vestibulopathy

Objectives: Currently, there is no evidence of an effective treatment for patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BV). Their main complaints are oscillopsia and imbalance. Opinions about the impact of BV on their quality of life are controversial, and their handicap is not always recognized, even among otoneurologists. The aim of this study was to objectively assess the health status of BV patients in order to evaluate the need for pursuing efforts toward the development of new treatments. Methods: The Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), the Short Falls Efficacy Scale–International (Short FES-I), and an oscillopsia severity questionnaire were submitted to 39 BV patients. The SF-36 scores were compared to the scores of a general Dutch population. The DHI scores were correlated to the oscillopsia severity scores. The Short FES-I scores were compared to scores in an elderly population. Residual otolithic function was correlated to all scores, and hearing to SF-36 scores. Results: Compared to the general Dutch population, the BV patients scored significantly worse on the “physical functioning,” “role physical,” “general health,” “vitality,” and “social functioning” SF-36 variables (p < 0.05). The DHI scores were strongly correlated with the oscillopsia severity scores (r = 0.75; p < 0.000001). The Short FES-I scores indicated a slight to moderate increase in the patients' fear of falling. No significant score differences were found between BV patients with residual otolithic function and patients with complete BV. There was no correlation between hearing status and SF-36 scores. Conclusions: The results correlate with our clinical impression that BV has a strong negative impact on physical and social functioning, leading to a quality-of-life deterioration. There is a clear need for a therapeutic solution. Efforts toward the development of a vestibular implant are justified.
Induced Abortion by the Suction Method

Abstract. 3036 induced abortions from the years 1977, 1978, 1979 and 1980 were analysed. They included all abortions performed with the suction method at Akershus Central Hospital, except for those done in combination with a sterilization procedure. The main determinants of complication rates were parity, period of gestation and, for minor complications, whether the patient was treated as an inpatient or an outpatient. Women who had not previously given birth had a higher complication rate than parous women. Complication rates were lowest during weeks 7‐10. Outpatients had fewer readmissions, repeat curettages, and infections, than inpatients. There was a tendency to cause a larger dilatation of the cervical canal than was technically necessary.
Wideband Millimeter-Wave Elliptical Cavity-Backed Antenna for Circularly Polarized Radiation

A wideband millimeter-wave antenna backed by an elliptical cavity for circularly polarized radiation, excited by a dipole inclined to the major axis direction of the cavity, is reported in this letter. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna can achieve a bandwidth of 50-62.8 GHz for both axial ratio ≤ 3 dB and reflection coefficient | S11| ≤ - 10 dB, and an average broadside gain of 7.8 dBi. Studies on four critical parameters are performed for practical design. This design yields good directional radiation patterns and low fabrication cost.