Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power Fluctuations in Beta and Gamma Frequencies in Rat Globus Pallidus: Association with Specific Phases of Slow Oscillations and Differential Modulation by Dopamine D1 and D2 Receptors

Modulation of oscillatory activity through basal ganglia–cortical loops in specific frequency bands is thought to reflect specific functional states of neural networks. A specific negative correlation between beta and gamma sub-bands has been demonstrated in human basal ganglia and may be key for normal basal ganglia function. However, these studies were limited to Parkinson's disease patients. To confirm that this interaction is a feature of normal basal ganglia, we recorded local field potential (LFP) from electrodes in globus pallidus (GP) of intact rats. We found significant negative correlation between specific frequencies within gamma (≈60 Hz) and beta (≈14 Hz) bands. Furthermore, we show that fluctuations in power at these frequencies are differentially nested within slow (≈3 Hz) oscillations in the delta band, showing maximum power at distinct and different phases of delta. These results suggest a hierarchical organization of LFP frequencies in the rat GP, in which a low-frequency signal in the basal ganglia can predict the timing and interaction of power fluctuations across higher frequencies. Finally, we found that dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonists differentially affected power in gamma and beta bands and also had different effects on correlation between them and the nesting within delta, indicating an important role for endogenous dopamine acting on direct and indirect pathway neurons in the maintenance of the hierarchical organization of frequency bands. Disruption of this hierarchical organization and subsequent disordered beta–gamma balance in basal ganglia disorders such as Parkinson's disease may be important in the pathogenesis of their symptoms.
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia versus Inhalational Anaesthesia for Dental Day Surgery

Fifty young healthy and unpremedicated patients scheduled for removal of impacted teeth were randomly allocated to receive either total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol or conventional thiopentone/isoflurane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia. A double-blind postoperative assessment showed the former group to have a shorter reversal time and faster recovery of faculties, i. e. speech, memory as well as ability to sit up and walk without assistance (P < 0.01). There was no incidence of hypotension and of awareness in either group. The incidence of headache, nausea and vomiting was higher in the thiopentone/isoflurane/nitrous oxide group.
Designations of Origin and world development in wine production systems and wine markets

The worldwide wine market is rapidly changing, and perhaps even more so if seen from the viewpoint of the world's biggest wine exporter, Italy. For Italy, VQPRD wines represent about one fourth of its exports by quantity. In value, the VQPRD wines totalled 1.5 billion euro, equal to 44.0% of Italy’s worldwide wine, “spumante”, and must exports in 2007. The paper presents an overview of the dynamics of Italian wine exports, with special attention to the Designation of Origin wines, and describes both the factors of continuity and the changes that have taken place over the years. It then offers a specific study on the Value of Designations of Origin in one of the dedicated territories of the Emilia-Romagna region, whose history and economic-social importance have developed down through the centuries. In light of the results that have emerged from the fieldwork on the economic, environmental, and social welfare effects of Designations of Origin on the territory that generates them, the subsequent analysis of the Meaning of “Designation of Origin” as we progressively move away from the specific territory: in the towns surrounding the territory, but, with the work that is being carried out now, for wine consumers at the international level also, and in light of the information we have on the development of dedicated wine-producing areas in New World, it will attempt to outline their development in the coming years and their impact on the international wine market.
Change in levels of physical activity after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: an observational analysis from the NAVIGATOR study

Increased physical activity is known to be beneficial in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but it is not known whether individuals change their activity levels after T2DM diagnosis. The present Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial, conducted in participants with impaired glucose tolerance at high cardiovascular risk, assessed ambulatory activity annually using research‐grade pedometers. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed annually and repeated to confirm T2DM diagnosis. This observational analysis used general linear models to compare step counts before and after T2DM diagnosis in the 2816 participants with the requisite data. Participants were relatively inactive at baseline, taking a median (interquartile range) of 5488 (3258–8361) steps/day, which decreased after T2DM diagnosis by a mean (s.e.) of 258 (64) steps/day (p < 0.0001); however, after adjusting for background trend for activity, step count after T2DM diagnosis was unchanged [mean (s.e.) of 103 (87) fewer steps/day; p = 0.23]. Awareness of T2DM diagnosis had no impact on the trajectory of activity established before the diagnosis.
The Potential of Higher Education Competitiveness in Perspective Good Corporate Governance in Indonesia

It is inevitable that the intensity of competition among universities is getting tougher and stronger, so that the organization of higher education required to become good corporation. The practice of good corporate governance (GCG) has potential to create sustainable competitiveness for all organizations including universities. This study aims to determine the governance profile college accredited by ranking well in East Java. Some aspects that were examined include aspects of academic culture, organizational structure, managerial capability, and utilization of information technology. Analysis was performed using a qualitative analysis interactive model by conducting depth interviews with directors and officers of college, which is a key informant. Research conducted at five universities with accreditation ratings are good in East Java Indonesia include University of Airlangga, University of Brawijaya, State University of Malang, Islamic State University of Malang and Institute of Technology (ITS). The results showed that the superior accredited colleges tend to have a strong academic culture, effective organizational structure, managerial capacity and utilization of information technology.
Matching the modules: cortical maps and long-range intrinsic connections in visual cortex during development.

Visual cortical neurons exhibit a high degree of response selectivity and are grouped into small columns according to their response preferences. The columns are located at regularly spaced intervals covering the whole cortical representation of the visual field with a modular system of feature-selective neurons. The selectivity of these cells and their modular arrangement is thought to emerge from interactions in the network of specific intracortical and thalamocortical connections. Understanding the ontogenesis of this complex structure and contributions of intrinsic and extrinsic, experience-dependent mechanisms during cortical development can provide new insights into the way the visual cortex processes information about the environment. Available data about the development of connections and response properties in the visual cortex suggest that maturation proceeds in two distinct steps. In the first phase, mechanisms inherent to the cortex establish a crude framework of interconnected neural modules which exhibit the basic but still immature traits of the adult state. Relevant mechanisms in this phase are assumed to consist of molecular cues and patterns of spontaneous neural activity in cortical and corticothalamic interconnections. In a second phase, the primordial layout becomes refined under the control of visual experience establishing a fine-tuned network of connections and mature response properties.
A study on traveler satisfaction with recreational attractions of bicycle trails — a case study of Forest Park, Taitung City

Abstract This study investigated bicycle trails of forest park in Taitung City in order to understand whether the design of the bicycle trails have recreational attraction. It also surveyed travelers’ extent of satisfaction with bicycle trails after experiencing to understand whether the facilities meet travelers’ physical and psychological needs. It was found that service quality has positive influence on both traveler’s satisfaction and recreational attraction.
Pricing Residential Real Estate Derivatives

This article, which is primarily didactic in nature, provides basic intuition on asset pricing and risk-neutral valuation with a specific focus on residential real estate. I look into the pricing of physical real estate and two variations of derivative. I derive some specific valuation formulas in a highly simplified context of a one-period economy on a discrete probability space. I generalise the formulas to a limited extent for a multi-period economy. The formulas can be applied to richer structures in a straightforward manner and which I hope to do in future iterations of this text.
Healing, Reconciliation, Forgiving and the Prevention of Violence after Genocide or Mass Killing: An Intervention and Its Experimental Evaluation in Rwanda

This article describes a theory–based intervention in Rwanda to promote healing and reconciliation, and an experimental evaluation of its effects. The concept of reconciliation and conditions required for reconciliation after genocide or other intense intergroup violence are discussed, with a focus on healing. A training of facilitators who worked for local organizations that worked with groups of people in the community is described. The training consisted of psycho–educational lectures with extensive large group and small group discussion, as well as engagement by participants with their painful experiences during the genocide, with empathic support. The effects of the training were evaluated not on the participants, but on members of newly set up community groups they subsequently worked with. Two types of control groups were created: treatment controls, groups led by facilitators we did not
Towards a Legitimate Compromise? An Exploration of Integrated Reporting in the Netherlands

have entered a couple of comments here and there. The problem, in my view, is that the propositions or views offered are given with limited justifications, and hence it is difficult for the reader to evaluate them or put them into the broader context. Moreover, it is worth noting that the authors only include work published by ‘management scholars’, which in their definition implies that research published in accounting journals has been excluded. This is of course an interesting feature, since issues such as sustainable development and sustainability had been discussed in high-level accounting journals well before 1995, a date which the authors identify as the starting point of sustainability-related management research. In this respect, it is intriguing that in their conclusions the authors emphasise how the identification, measurement and reporting of social and environmental issues can become increasingly relevant. That is, the very things social and environmental accounting literature has sought and continues to tackle. Moreover, the authors also mention in passing that it might be possible for corporate sustainability researchers to ‘reach out to other scholars and disciplines’ (p. 133). In a way, this article hence serves as an apt example of the need for the various academic tribes to interact.
The pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica is related to the capacity of evading innate immunity

The host and parasite factors that influence susceptibility to Entamoeba histolytica infection and disease are not well understood. Entamoeba histolytica pathogenicity has been considered by focusing principally on parasite rather than host factors. Thus, research has concentrated on explaining the molecular differences between pathogenic E. histolytica and non‐pathogenic E. dispar. However, the amoeba molecules considered most important for host tissue destruction (amoebapore, galactose/N‐acetyl galactosamine inhibitable lectin, and cysteine proteinases) are present in both pathogenic E. histolytica and non‐pathogenic E. dispar. In addition, the genetic differences in pathogenicity among E. histolytica isolates are unlikely to completely explain the different outcomes of infection. Considering that the principal difference between pathogenic and non‐pathogenic amoebas lies in their surface coats, we propose that pathogenicity of the amoebas is related to the composition and properties of the surface coat components (or pathogen‐associated molecular patterns, PAMPs), and the ability of innate immune response to recognize these components and eliminate the parasite. According to this hypothesis, a key feature that may distinguish pathogenic (E. histolytica) from non‐pathogenic (E. dispar) strains is whether or not they can overcome innate immune defences. A corollary of this hypothesis is that in susceptible individuals the PAMPs are either not recognized or they are recognized by a set of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) that leads to an inflammatory response. In both cases, the result is tissue damage. On the contrary, in resistant individuals the innate/inflammatory response, induced through the activation of a different set of TLRs, eliminates the parasite.
(R)e‐tail borrowing of party dresses: an experimental study

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of consumer behaviour with respect to (r)e‐tail borrowing, performed under different (more or less generous) delivery and return policies.Design/methodology/approach – The study was designed as a randomised controlled experiment with a random sample strategy. Among the 192,482 Swedish customers who had made an order at nelly.com during the previous 12 months and were to receive the quarterly nelly.com newsletter in November 2010 by e‐mail, 4,000 were randomly selected and randomised into four groups of 1,000 in each group.Findings – The experiment revealed certain purchase and return patterns that support the conclusion that (r)e‐tail borrowing behaviour exists in fashion e‐commerce. Evidence was also found that lenient delivery and returns policies seem to reinforce (r)e‐tail borrowing behaviour, albeit not always in expected ways.Practical implications – Differences in delivery and return policies seem to impact consumer purchase .
DETERMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKET STRUCTURE AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE

كچ ي هد يكي زا مهم يرت تاعوضوم ن هك ي لام نانادداصتقا ي لاس رد ياـه خا ـي ر هدرـك هـجوت نادـب دـنا ، اـسانش يي طبار ة م ي مصت و رازاب راتخاس نا ي تام نيمأت لام ي رش ك ت ي اه امرس راتخاس ا ي تسا هدوب ه . ا ي قحت ن ي طبار ق ة م ي راتخاـس نا رازاـب ) تردـق يرازاـب ( امرـس راتخاـس و ي ة ) يـمرها تبـسن ( رـش ك ت ياـه ذپ ي هتفر نارـهت راداهب قاروا سروب رد هدش ار ـش هـب ك ا ل ي وپ و اتـس ـي ا لـيلحت ـم ي ـنك د . ا ـي اـب شهوژـپ ن هرهب گ ي ر ي هداد نزاوتم لناپ زا ياـه و دـص كـي رـش ك ـط نارـهت راداـهب قاروا سروـب وـضع ت ي رود ة جنپ لاس ة 1385 ات 1389 ، رادانعم ي طبار ة م ي نا امرس راتخاس ي هـب ار رازاـب راتخاس و ه ـضرف ناوـنع ي ة لـصا ي قحت ي ق ، سررب ي م نومزآ و ي ك دن . ب ادتبا ه سو ي ل ة سرگر ي نو فلت ي ق ي م طباور ي امرس راتخاس نا ي ه رازاـب راتخاـس و غتم جنـپ و ـي دـعت ر ي ل ي لماـش روآدوس ،ي هزادنا ، دشر ، شزرا اراد يي ياه لباق ثو ي هق راذگ ي و كي ات يي اراد يي اه شزارب يم دوش . سپس ارجا اب ي زآ نوم ياه نمساه و واچ ، سرگر لدم ي هداد نو ياه رت يك ـب ي ياـهرثا ـم باـختنا تـباث ي دوـش . تياهنرد هب ازفا روظنم ي ش ك ارا يي هطبار شجنس رد ، ا ي لدم داج ي عماج رت ، و ظاـحل ي ـگژ ي ياـه دوهـشمان رـش صاـخ ك ت اـه نورد لئاـسم و از يـي ـمخت لدـم رد ي ن ، ـسرگر زا ي رت نو يك ـب ي س اـب ي رواتـشگ متـس ي معت ي م ي م هدافتسا هتفا ي دوش . اتن ي قحت ج ي ح ق ك ا ي دراد نآ زا ت ـك ـطبار ه ة م ـي امرـس راتخاـس و رازاـب راتخاـس نا ي ـش هـب ه ك غ ل ي ـطخر ي ) م ك بع ي ( ا و تسا ي م رما ن ي شان دناوت ي پ طباور زا ي چ ي د ة رازاب رد دوجوم ، امن لئاسم ي گدن ي زه و ي هن ياـه شرو ك گتس ي دشاب . م رد ي نا غتم ي ر ياه سررب ي هدش ، طبار ة فنم ي روآدوس رادانعم ي هزادـنا راداـنعم تبثم و امرس راتخاس اب ي ه دييأت م ي دوش . ا ي ن عوضوم دب ي نعم ن ي تسا ـك رـش هـچره ه ك ت اـه دنـشاب رتروآدوـس ، ب ي هتشابنا دوس لحم زا رتش ي ازفا ا ي امرس ش ي ه ، نيمأت لام ي م ي ك دنن . تنرد ي هج ك هـب رتم نيمأـت لاـم ي ـمرها ي
Managing a Supply Chain: What Communication Patterns Might Divulge about Information Availability and Team Performance

Teamwork is continually becoming more diverse and complex, with teams facing distributed and asynchronous collaborative situations. The crux of making these complex situations work successfully is the ability to convey useful information to those who need it when they need it. A fundamental question remains: how much information is enough? Decision makers need a certain level of information to make effective decisions; however, too much information can be overwhelming or even detrimental. The present study uses a modified supply chain simulation to examine the impact of information availability on overall team performance and communication. Information view and communication were manipulated to constrain information availability. The results are discussed in terms of the impact of information availability on overall performance, communication patterns, information entropy, and situation awareness of distributed teams.
Microcalluses of the Trabeculae in Lumbar Vertebrae and Their Relation to the Bone Mineral Content

The bone mineral content of 109 lumbar vertebrae was related to the number of trabecular microcalluses in the vertebral bodies. The appearance and location of the calluses were also investigated. Microcalluses were found in 87 of the vertebral bodies. The incidences of calluses varied in the different groups (31–79 years) between 60 and 90%. The number of calluses increased with decreasing bone mineral content. The location of the calluses corresponded to the location of experimental in vitro compression fractures of the vertebral bodies.
An Econometric Analysis of the Impact of Sovereign Debt Structure on Default Likelihood

This paper tests the effect of sovereign debt structure on default likelihood. Sovereign debt structure is identified on the basis of maturity, creditor type and currency composition. The paper uses panel logit model to estimate the likelihood of default. The results provide evidence that bilateral loans, short term debt, and bank loans increase the likelihood of default. Results also show that foreign currency denominated debt reduces default likelihood. The study provides empirical evidence to the literature on seniority status of official loans over private debt, and multilateral loans over bilateral loans. The paper models the impact of debt structure directly on the likelihood of default by adopting a comprehensive framework of the debt structure. The paper suggests that debt structure can also identify default episodes and can be used in designing default prediction models.
Enhanced functional connectivity and volume between cognitive and reward centers of naïve rodent brain produced by pro-dopaminergic agent KB220Z

Dopaminergic reward dysfunction in addictive behaviors is well supported in the literature. There is evidence that alterations in synchronous neural activity between brain regions subserving reward and various cognitive functions may significantly contribute to substance-related disorders. This study presents the first evidence showing that a pro-dopaminergic nutraceutical (KB220Z) significantly enhances, above placebo, functional connectivity between reward and cognitive brain areas in the rat. These include the nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate gyrus, anterior thalamic nuclei, hippocampus, prelimbic and infralimbic loci. Significant functional connectivity, increased brain connectivity volume recruitment (potentially neuroplasticity), and dopaminergic functionality were found across the brain reward circuitry. Increases in functional connectivity were specific to these regions and were not broadly distributed across the brain. While these initial findings have been observed in drug naïve rodents, this robust, yet selective response implies clinical relevance for addicted individuals at risk for relapse, who show reductions in functional connectivity after protracted withdrawal. Future studies will evaluate KB220Z in animal models of addiction.
Extending the construct of consumer ethnocentrism: When foreign products are preferred

Purpose – This research has the purpose of exploring whether the construct of consumer ethnocentrism extends to contexts in which foreign products are preferred to domestic products.Design/methodology/approach – The study evaluates the psychometric properties of the consumer ethnocentrism scale (CETSCALE) in the transition economies of China and Russia using both student and non‐student samples. A valid and reliable six‐item version of the CETSCALE is developed based on these samples. The refined six‐item scale is then validated through a re‐analysis of Netemeyer et al.'s data collected in four developed countries.Findings – Findings show that the scale can be used effectively in these transitional economies. A consistent pattern of support is found for the six‐item CETSCALE across eight samples from six countries.Originality/value – The research provides practicing marketers as well as international researchers with a parsimonious six‐item CETSCALE that can be used in both developed and transition economies.
Effective role-assignment for participatory sensing systems

Mobile phones are equipped with a rich set of sensors which are useful in deploying various sensing activities. We focus on participatory sensing in which every participant carrying smartphone senses its environment and shares it with server. Most of the applications require location information to perform sensing activity. But, GPS drains considerable amount of energy if used for localization. So, a set of devices are chosen as broadcasters which turn on GPS, and the neighbouring devices rely on them to calculate their position. We propose an efficient energy model to minimize the power consumption of such a system. The existing scheme for finding optimal set of broadcasters is based on greedy algorithm. This is time efficient only when the number of participants are small. We propose a sorting based algorithm. This provides better time complexity for moderate and large data sets which is the actual case in real scenarios. We validate our work with extensive experiments on both real and synthetic datasets. Results demonstrate that our proposed approach effectively minimizes energy and saves 12–25% of the time for medium and large data sets.