Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk stratification of opioid misuse among patients with cancer pain using the SOAPP-SF.

BACKGROUND Opioids are recognized as an integral part of the armamentarium in the management of cancer pain. There has been a growing awareness of the misuse of prescription opioids among cancer patients. More research is needed to detail risk factors and incidence for opioid misuse among cancer pain patients. METHODS We reviewed 522 patient charts that were seen in our Pain Center from January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2009 for risk stratification of opioid misuse with demographic and clinical factors utilizing the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain-short form (SOAPP-SF). Group differences based on High (≥4) and Low (<4) SOAPP-SF scores were evaluated at initial visit, follow-up within a month and 6-9 months. RESULTS One hundred forty-nine of the 522 (29%) patients had a SOAPP-SF score of ≥4. The mean age for patients with high SOAPP-SF score (≥4) was 50 ± 14 vs 56 ± 14 for patients with low SOAPP-SF score (<4) (P < 0.0001). The pain scores were higher for patients with high SOAPP-SF score compared with patients with low SOAPP-SF score at consult (P < 0.0001). Morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) was higher for patients with high SOAPP-SF score compared with patients with low SOAPP-SF score at consult (P = 0.0461). Fatigue, feeling of well-being, and poor appetite were higher among the high SOAPP-SF group at initial visit (P < 0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0149, respectively). The high SOAPP-SF score patients also had statistically significant (P < 0.05) higher anxiety and depression scores at all three time points. In the multivariate analysis, patients younger than 55 years have a higher odds of having a "high" SOAPP-SF score than patients 55 years and older {odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) = 2.76 (1.58, 4.81), P = 0.0003} adjusting for employment status, disease status, treatment status, usual pain score, and morphine equivalency at consult. Patients with higher usual pain score at consult have higher odds of a "high" SOAPP-SF score (OR [95% CI] = 1.34 [1.19, 1.51], P < 0.0001) adjusting for age, employment status, disease status, treatment status, and morphine equivalency at consult. CONCLUSION Patients classified by the SOAPP-SF in the current study as high risk tended to be younger, endorse more pain, have higher MEDD requirement, and endorse more symptoms of depression and anxiety. These findings are consistent with the literature on risk factors of opioid abuse in chronic pain patients which suggests that certain patient characteristics such as younger age, anxiety, and depression symptomatology are associated with greater risk for opioid misuse. However, a limitation of the current study is that other measures of opioid abuse were not available for validation and comparison with the SOAPP-SF.
Asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in modular function spaces

Abstract In this paper, we prove that if ρ is a convex, σ-finite modular function satisfying a Δ 2 -type condition, C a convex, ρ-bounded, ρ-a.e. compact subset of L ρ , and T : C → C a ρ-asymptotically nonexpansive mapping, then T has a fixed point. In particular, any asymptotically nonexpansive self-map defined on a convex subset of L 1 (Ω, μ) which is compact for the topology of local convergence in measure has a fixed point.
Behavioral Method for Study of Pain in the Monkey

A behavioral method is described in which increasing intensities of electric shocks were applied to the gasserian ganglia of alert monkeys. The animals were trained to press a lever to regulate the shock level. "Pain thresholds" were thereby obtained, and these thresholds were modified by varying the shock duration and by administration of morphine.
ECN Congestion Control Mechanism in IP Networks

Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) is a newer method for congestion control in TCP IP networks. Network Simulator 2 (NS2) software has been used to compare the performance of ECN packet marking to other older and newer congestion control schemes, such as DropTail and Random Early Detection (RED), in both LAN and WAN schemes. During the simulations different parameters including proportion of packet drops, window size variation, queue size, and throughput were measured to evaluate the performance. The overall objective was to independently and comparatively study ECN in a wide range of situations to better understand its advantages and disadvantages. The results of these simulations showed that when all the network prerequisites were met (i.e. all the nodes including being ECN-aware), ECN reduced packet drops and thereby optimized network resource utilization and data throughput. Key Words : Explicit Congestion Notification; Network Simulator; Random Early Detect; DropTail DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5093 Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011 Page : 12-24 Uploaded Date : 19 July, 2011
Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Cerebral Blood Flow and Brain Metabolism during the Acute Phase in Three Different Models in the Rat

OBJECTIVETo study the cerebral metabolism and its relationship to cerebral blood flow (CBF) acutely after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODSSAH was induced in rats by endovascular perforation of the internal carotid artery, blood injection into the prechiasmatic cistern or the cisterna magna. CBF (measured by laser Doppler flowmetry), cerebral perfusion pressure, O2 tension, and extracellular levels of glucose, lactate, and pyruvate were monitored during 90 minutes after SAH. CBF (assessed by 125I-antipyrine autoradiography), arteriovenous O2 difference, and cerebral metabolic rate of O2 were calculated at 15 or 90 minutes after SAH. RESULTSAfter a transient reduction, cerebral perfusion pressure normalized within 5 minutes after SAH in all groups. There was a transient global decrease in CBF after SAH: its duration depended on the severity of the hemorrhage. CBF of less than 20% of baseline was observed for at least 15 minutes in 25% and 14% of the animals after perforation and prechiasmatic SAH, respectively. In all SAH groups, O2 tension was suddenly reduced to approximately 40% of baseline and gradually increased, reaching 70 to 90% of baseline 90 minutes after SAH. The cerebral metabolic rate of O2 was reduced only at 15 minutes after perforation and prechiasmatic SAH, but arteriovenous O2 difference was normal in all groups. During 30 minutes after perforation SAH, a 50% decrease in glucose and a threefold increase in lactate and pyruvate levels were observed. CONCLUSIONThe data suggest that SAH induced an acute global decrease in CBF together with a depression in the cerebral metabolism. The degree of the changes was related to the severity of the hemorrhage. The metabolic derangements were not always explained by ischemic episodes.
Multi-objects tracking and online identification based on SIFT

This paper presents a method of point feature tracking and online identification using SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform). The proposed approach uses the probabilistic voting method with appearance model to estimate the object's optimal center and apply hierarchical vocabulary tree to recognize the object. Since SIFT feature is invariant to changes caused by rotation, scaling and illumination, we can obtain higher tracking performance than the conventional approach and the probabilistic voting approach enables the track to search object efficiently. Online identification is also a challenge in video surveillance system, we use bag of words method based on hierarchical vocabulary tree to represent and match tracked objects by sampling SIFT feature online. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed approach works robustly for multi-persons tracking and identification.
Q-enhancing technique for rf CMOS active inductor

A design technique for realising a very-high Q CMOS active inductor operating in the RF-band is described in this paper. The proposed active inductor is based on double-feedback transconductor topology in which negative feedback is used to realise inductive input impedance while positive feedback is employed to produce a negative resistance for canceling the inductor loss, hence an enhancing of the Q factor. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique, a very-high Q (Q>1,000) second-order bandpass filter has been implemented. Simulation results show that the filter exhibits stable Q factor of 12,000, the resonant frequency can be tuned from 1.007 GHz to 1.023 GHz and the input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3) of -25 dBm (at 1.023 GHz centre frequency and 12,000 Q factor) under a 3.3 V supply voltage.
Age-Specific Associations between Cardiac Vagal Activity and Functional Somatic Symptoms: A Population-Based Study

Background: Functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are symptoms not explained by underlying organic pathology. It has frequently been suggested that dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) contributes to the development of FSS. We hypothesized that decreased cardiac vagal activity is cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with the number of FSS in the general population. Methods: This study was performed in a population-based cohort of 774 adults (45.1% male, mean age ± SD 53.5 ± 10.7 years). Participants completed the somatization section of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview surveying the presence of 43 FSS. ANS function was assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability in the high-frequency band (HRV-HF), reflecting cardiac vagal activity. Follow-up measurements of HRV-HF and FSS were performed approximately 2 years later. Results: Linear regression analyses, with adjustments for gender, age, body mass index, anxiety, depression, smoking, alcohol use, and frequency of exercise, revealed an interaction of cardiac vagal activity with age: HRV-HF was negatively associated with FSS in adults ≤52 years of age (β = –0.12, t = –2.37, p = 0.018), but positively with FSS in adults aged >52 years (β = 0.13, t = 2.51, p = 0.012). Longitudinal analysis demonstrated a similar pattern. Conclusions: Decreased cardiac vagal activity is associated with a higher number of FSS in adults aged ≤52 years in the general population. The unexpected association between increased cardiac vagal activity and FSS in adults aged >52 years needs further exploration. The role of age should be acknowledged in future studies on ANS function in the etiology of FSS.
It's all action, it's all learning: action learning in SMEs

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to argue that action learning (AL) may provide a means of successfully developing small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – The literature around SME learning suggests a number of processes are important for SME learning which similarity, it is argued, are encompassed in AL. AL may therefore offer a means of developing SME. This argument is then supported through the results of a longitudinal qualitative evaluation study conducted in the north‐west of England, which involved the use of AL in 100 SMEs.Findings – The paper finds that the discursive and critical reflection aspects of the set environment appeared to be of great utility and importance to the SMEs. Sets also had an optimum level of which helped them find “common ground”. Once common ground was established set members often continued to network and form alliances outside of the set environment. SME owner‐managers could discuss both personal and business. Finally, AL offered the .
Risk factors for sporadic cases of Escherichia coli O157 infection: the importance of contact with animal excreta

To determine environmental risk factors for sporadic E. coli O157 infection in Scotland we undertook a prospective, matched case-control study between 1 October 1996 and 31 March 1999. One hundred and eighty-three cases and 545 matched controls were recruited. Contact with animal faeces (OR = 3·65; 95% CI 1·81, 7·34; P < 0·0005) and likely contact with animal faeces (OR = 4·8; 95% CI 2·42, 9·48; P < 0·0005) emerged as strong risk factors for infection. Certain exposures (mainly food-related) were inversely associated with infection i.e. were statistically protective. Most striking was the consumption of bottled water (OR = 0·28; 95% CI 0·15, 0·52; P < 0·0005). Transmission of E. coli O157 does not occur simply through contaminated food. Members of the public need to be aware of the potential for acquiring E. coli O157 through contamination of the environment with animal faeces so that they may take measures to mitigate their risk.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC AND BLOOD ELECTROLYTE CHANGES IN GOATS FOLLOWING SINGLE INTRAVENOUS FUROSEMIDE ADMINISTRATION

(P=0.001) and significantly higher than baseline level (P=0.001). P-R, R-R and S-T intervals in Group 3 at 5 th hour were significantly higher than in other groups (P<0.05). These parameters in Group 3 at this time were significantly higher than baseline values (P<0.05). In all 3 experimental groups, serum concentrations of sodium, chloride and potassium at 5 th hour were significantly lower than baseline levels at hour zero. It may be suggested that changes of electrocardiographic parameters after furosemide administration are due to alterations of the electrical conduction of action potential in the myocardium.
Ultralong-Range RFID-Based Wake-Up Radios for Wireless Sensor Networks

This letter presents three different strategies for waking up wireless sensor network (WSN) motes via radio frequency identification (RFID). Based on our prior work on the design of augmented ultrahigh-frequency RFID tags and ultrasensitive RF energy harvesters, the proposed solutions significantly outperform state-of-art RFID wake-up radios (both broadcast based and ID based) for WSNs. In particular, improvements up to 4.2× and 7.8× have been achieved in terms of wake-up range and wake-up delay, respectively.
Vitamin A during lactation: relationship of maternal diet to milk vitamin A content and to the vitamin A status of lactating rats and their pups.

We have investigated the effects of maternal vitamin A intake during pregnancy and lactation or during lactation alone on the concentration of vitamin A in rat's milk and on vitamin A levels in plasma and liver of dams and their pups. Groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets having either a high vitamin A content [15 retinol equivalents (R.E.)/g diet] or a low vitamin A content (0.6 R.E./g) for 42 d, including 7-8 d prior to pregnancy, pregnancy, and for 14 d of lactation. The concentration of vitamin A in milk on d 14 of lactation was significantly greater on the high vitamin A diets [114 +/- 16 micrograms/dl (mean +/- SEM; n = 8) versus 52 +/- 7.3 micrograms/dl (n = 11), P less than 0.005]. However, milk vitamin A concentration on d 1 of lactation did not vary with maternal vitamin A intake during pregnancy. In a second study in which supplementation with vitamin A (30 R.E./g diet) was begun on d 1 postpartum, the milk vitamin A content increased progressively with duration of lactation. Maternal plasma vitamin A concentrations did not differ between rats fed the higher or lower vitamin A diets. However, liver vitamin A concentrations both of dams and of their 14-d-old pups were significantly higher when dams were fed the higher vitamin A diets during pregnancy and/or lactation. The results of these studies indicate that the transfer of vitamin A from mother to offspring by milk and the vitamin A status of dams and their suckling neonates is influenced by maternal vitamin A intake during lactation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluation of a programme of workshops for promoting the teaching of critical appraisal skills

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of four training workshops at the inception of a programme to cascade critical appraisal skills training throughout Scotland. Data were collected from all participants and organizers at four commissioned critical appraisal skills training workshops in Scotland. The collection of data involved three components: a survey of workshop participants before and after each workshop to determine knowledge of the principles of clinical effectiveness; semi‐structured interviews with organizers before, during and after the programme of commissioned workshops to assess views on the workshops; and a postal survey to determine involvement in critical appraisal activities following the initial workshops. The main outcome measures were `change in knowledge' and subsequent involvement in teaching. An average of 41 people attended each workshop. Participants improved their scores on understanding of clinical effectiveness. Not all of the improvement can be ascribed to the workshops, however, because control item scores also improved, albeit to a lesser extent. The workshops were perceived as an acceptable way of acquiring critical appraisal skills, but doubts were expressed about whether participants would be able to roll out the programme on their own. Of the 32 (42%) attendees who were involved in CASP‐style workshops after the initial workshops, 26 (34%) providing aspects of teaching, and a further six (8%) were participants. The evaluation of the CASP workshop technique suggests that it does improve knowledge of clinical effectiveness, but concerns remain about the viability and reliability of this approach as it rolls out training within Scotland.
Metabolic inhibition induces opening of unapposed connexin 43 gap junction hemichannels and reduces gap junctional communication in cortical astrocytes in culture

Rat cortical astrocytes in pure culture are functionally coupled to neighboring cells via connexin (Cx) 43 gap junctions under ordinary conditions. Small fluorescent molecules such as Lucifer yellow (LY) pass between cell interiors via gap junctions, but do not enter the cells when externally applied. Subjecting rat and mouse cortical astrocytes to “chemical ischemia” by inhibition of glycolytic and oxidative metabolism induced permeabilization of cells to Lucifer yellow and ethidium bromide before loss of membrane integrity determined by dextran uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release. The gap junction blockers octanol and 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid markedly reduced dye uptake, suggesting that uptake was mediated by opening of unapposed hemichannels. Extracellular La3+ also reduced dye uptake and delayed cell death. The purinergic blocker, oxidized ATP, was ineffective. Astrocytes isolated from mice with targeted deletion of the Cx43 coding DNA exhibited greatly reduced dye coupling and ischemia-induced dye uptake, evidence that dye uptake is mediated by Cx43 hemichannels. Dye coupling was reduced but not blocked by metabolic inhibition. Blockade of lipoxygenases or treatment with free radical scavengers reduced dye uptake by rat astrocytes, suggesting a role for arachidonic acid byproducts in hemichannel opening. Furthermore, permeabilization was accompanied by reduction in ATP levels and dephosphorylation of Cx43. Although hemichannel opening would tend to collapse electrochemical and metabolic gradients across the plasma membrane of dying cells, healthy cells might rescue dying cells by transfer of ions and essential metabolites via Cx43 gap junctions. Alternatively, dying astrocytes might compromise the health of neighboring cells via Cx43 gap junctions, thereby promoting the propagation of cell death.
Immunoglobulin heavy chain genes somatic hypermutations and chromosome 11q22‐23 deletion in classic mantle cell lymphoma: a study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) shares immunophenotypic and karyotypic features with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The latter comprises two distinct entities with prognosis dependent upon immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene mutational status and the presence of 11q deletion. We evaluated the relevance of IgH gene mutational status, IgV gene family usage and presence of 11q deletion in a series of 42 histologically reviewed classical MCL cases to determine the prognostic impact. VH3 was the most common VH family, with VH3‐21 being the most frequent individual VH gene. Approximately 30% of the cases had a IgH somatic mutation rate higher than 2%, but was only higher than 4% in <10% of cases. Half of the cases had deletion of chromosome 11q21‐telomere (11q21‐>ter), with two minimal deleted regions, at 11q22.2 and 11q23.2. There was no association between 11q loss and IgH gene somatic mutation rate; the use of VH3‐21 gene could be associated with a better prognosis.
Distributed formation control with relaxed motion requirements

Heterogeneous formation shape control with interagent bearing and distance constraints involves the design of a distributed control law that ensures the formation moves such that these interagent constraints are achieved and maintained. This paper looks at the design of a distributed control scheme to solve different formation shape control problems in an ambient two‐dimensional space with bearing, distance and mixed bearing and distance constraints. The proposed control law allows the agents in the formation to move in any direction on a half‐plane and guarantees that despite this freedom, the proposed shape control algorithm ensures convergence to a formation shape meeting the prescribed constraints. This work provides an interesting and novel contrast to much of the existing work in formation control where distance‐only constraints are typically maintained and where each agent's motion is typically restricted to follow a very particular path. A stability analysis is sketched, and a number of illustrative examples are also given. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photodermatitis from triamterene

vesicles and oedema of the dorsal and mterdig~tal surfaces of both hands; the cook had redness, scaling and fissures localized to the th1rd finger of the nght hand. Patch tests with the ICDRG standard senes and the preservatives senes showed a positive reactwn to thwmersal 0.1% pet. m both twms ( + +I+ + ), and a strong positive reaction to mckel sulphate 5% m pet. ( + +I+ +) m the cook. Other mercunal compounds, mercury I% pet. , mercury ammomum chlonde I% pet. , phenylmercunc nitrate 0.01% pet. , mercury b1chlonde 0.05% aq. and ammomated mercury 1% pet. were tested, but were all negative m both twms.
Low-Power Linear Bulk-Injection Mixer for Wide-Band Applications

A novel high third-order intermodulation product (IIP3), low-power, inverter-based bulk-injection mixer design is presented in this letter. The architecture of the proposed mixer consists of four complementary MOS (CMOS) inverters that are connected to form a double-balanced mixer. Radio frequency (RF) signals are applied to the input of the inverters, while local oscillator (LO) signals are applied directly to the bulk voltage terminals of the inverters. The proposed mixer achieves a IIP3 of 0 dBm, a 3-dB RF bandwidth that spans 1 GHz to 6 GHz with an intermediate frequency (IF) of 100 MHz.
Permutaciones sin repetición

Este capitulo presenta el trabajo final de la concentracion en Educacion Matematica de la Maestria en Educacion de la Universidad de los Andes de un grupo de cuatro profesores de matematicas. El informe describe las actuaciones para el diseno, implementacion y evaluacion de la unidad didactica relacionada con permutaciones sin repeticion. Este diseno se fundamenta en el modelo de analisis didactico que constituyo el contenido central de la maestria.
Systematic review of methods to predict and detect anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery

Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication of gastrointestinal surgery resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, poor function and predisposing to cancer recurrence. Earlier diagnosis and intervention can minimize systemic complications but is hindered by current diagnostic methods that are non‐specific and often uninformative. The purpose of this paper is to review current developments in the field and to identify strategies for early detection and treatment of anastomotic leakage.