Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interlinkage between Constructs of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)- A Study among E-Commerce Users in India

The study aims at testing Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for e commerce in India based on four constructs of TAM i.e. perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, behavioural intention to use and actual usage. For this purpose, 12 selected variables were chosen and the study is conducted with a sample size of 28 internet users using purposive sampling. All participants were internet users with varying internet experience of 1-3 years or more, residing in Delhi. A structured questionnaire was used for primary data collection. The analysis has been conducted using factor analysis and correlation analysis. The study concludes that each of these two constructs namely Perceived usefulness and Behavioural intention were related to actual use e commerce in India, while the other two constructs were not found to have significant relation with usage of e-commerce. Keywords: E-commerce, online shopping, TAM, factor analysis, correlation.
Initial Margin Policy and Stochastic Volatility in the Crude Oil Futures Market

This article examines the relationship between the volatility of the crude oil futures market and changes in initial margin requirements. To closely match changes in futures market volatility with the corresponding changes in margin requirements, we infer the volatility of the futures market from the prices of crude oil futures options contracts. Using a mean-reverting diffusion process for volatility, we show that changes in margin policy do not affect subsequent market volatility. Article published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Financial Studies in its journal, The Review of Financial Studies.
Early Rebrightenings of X-ray Afterglows from Ring-Shaped GRB Jets

Early rebrightenings at a post-burst time of 10^2 - 10^4 s have been observed in the afterglows of some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Unlike X-ray flares, these rebrightenings usually last for a relatively long period. The continuous energy injection mechanism usually can only produce a plateau in the afterglow light curve, but not a rebrightening. Also, a sudden energy injection can give birth to a rebrightening, but the rebrightening is a bit too rapid. Here we argued that the early rebrightenings can be produced by the ring-shaped jet model. In this scenario, the GRB outflow is not a full cone, but a centrally hollowed ring. Assuming that the line of sight is on the central symmetry axis of the hollow cone, we calculate the overall dynamical evolution of the outflows and educe the multiband afterglow light curves. It is found that the early rebrightenings observed in the afterglows of a few GRBs, such as GRBs 051016B, 060109, 070103 and 070208 etc, can be well explained in this framework. It is suggested that these long-lasted early rebrightenings in GRB afterglows should be resulted from ring-shaped jets.
Abundances of Ordinary Chondrites in Thermally Evolving Planetesimals

Chondrites are some of the most primitive objects in the solar system, and they maintain a record of the degree of thermal metamorphism experienced in their parent bodies. This thermal history can be classified by the petrologic type. We investigate the thermal evolution of planetesimals to account for the current abundances (known as the fall statistics) of petrologic types 3–6 of ordinary chondrites. We carry out a number of numerical calculations in which formation times and sizes of planetesimals are taken as parameters. We find that planetesimals that form within 2.0 Myr after the formation of Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) can contain all petrologic types of ordinary chondrites. Our results also indicate that plausible scenarios of planetesimal formation, which are consistent with the fall statistics, are that planetesimals with radii larger than 60 km start to form around 2.0 Myr after CAIs and/or that ones with radii less than 50 km should be formed within 1.5 Myr after CAIs. Thus, thermal modeling of planetesimals is important for revealing the occurrence and amount of metamorphosed chondrites and for providing invaluable insights into planetesimal formation.
A Study on Impact of Receiving Training on Football and Sprinting on Body Composition and Physical Fitness Status of Adolescent Males

Physical characteristics and body composition have been known to be fundamental to excellence in athletic performance. Specific athletic events require different body types and weights for maximal performance. Therefore determination of body constitution and fitness status of an athlete is very important for producing maximal performance. With growth of children and adolescents there is a change in body composition parameters and the gender difference becomes more pronounced. Soccer playing and sprinting are the popular playing events. Both of them require fast body movements and therefore receiving training on these games may have some impact on body constitution and eventually on fitness status. A study was undertaken, in this backdrop, on randomly selected male adolescents of age range 12-18 years, receiving training in football (n1 = 36) and in sprinting (n2 = 32), the inclusion criterion being that the volunteers for the study should be receiving training for at least a period of 3 years with no chronic disease history. It has been observed that male adolescent individuals receiving similar pattern of training in football and sprinting did not vary significantly in terms of body composition but those being trained in football having better fitness status, compared to their sprinter counterparts.
Irish English Habitual Do Be Revisited

Abstract This article examines the category of present habitual in Irish English, Irish and Scots Gaelic. The latter two are frequently claimed to have had an influence on the development of the tense and aspect systems of their respective contact varieties of English. It is argued that Scots Gaelic, in contrast to Irish Gaelic, has no separately marked habitual present system, and therefore there may have been less pressure to introduce distinct habitual-present aspect into Scottish English, an assessment which is in line with research in contact linguistics.
δ̃ Gravity and Schwarzschild Solution

δ̃ Gravity is a gravitational field model, where the geometry is governed by two symmetric tensors, gμν and g̃μν , and new matter fields (δ̃ Matter fields) are added to the original matter fields. These new components appear motivated by a new symmetry, called δ̃ symmetry. In previous works, the model is used to explain the expansion of the Universe without Dark Energy and use δ̃ Matter as a source of Dark Matter. In this paper, we will developed an initial study of Schwarzschild geometry in δ̃ Gravity to complement the Dark Matter analysis and introduce other phenomena. We will get a modified deflection of light produced by the sun, the perihelion precession and black hole solution.
Production of Biofuels – The Hydrogen Consumption as Performance Indicator in the Early Design Stage

Lately, biomass is more and more considered as a raw material in the processing of chemicals and fuels, but only few production processes are established until now. Instead, a lot of individual reaction alternatives are explored and very little information is available to predict their potential in integrated biorefinery concepts. In this contribution feasible production strategies for biofuels are systematically identified and subsequently analyzed applying Reaction Network Flux Analysis (RNFA) [1]. In the analysis, the hydrogen consumption is chosen as performance indicator to compare different scenarios. Based on the results, a classification of solutions is possible such that promising reaction pathways as well as bottlenecks can be detected. Thus, RFNA is an efficient tool to deal with complexity of the early design stage and to obtain first important information in terms of conceptual process development.
Extending the Concept of Ethnocracy: Exploring the Debate in the Baltic Context

The advance of liberal understanding of democracy with its interest in and constrained ability to interfere with citizens’ identities made cases of ethnocracy rare over the past decades. Over the past 25 years, Baltic politics and societies have experienced considerable change, however, as I demonstrate, considerable debate persists around the issues central to the argument about ethnocracy in the region. In the context, when discussing the central role played by state institutions in negotiating conflicts between groups over access to scarce resources of the state, it is central to see minorities as being in both the inferior numerical position as well as in symbolically more disadvantageous place: If we see democratic politics for what they are as majoritarian politics , and if we see these as taking place in the context of state institutions designed to uphold the ethnic majority dominance , then any kind of liberal democratic politics would be a good candidate for ethnocracy.
Preparation of Poly(acrylic acid) Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by a Two-Step Irradiation Technique

A facile strategy to prepare water-soluble multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) by two steps of γ radiation is developed. First, MWNTs are irradiated in ethanol. The radiolysis of ethanol produces many active species such as •CH2CH2OH and •CH(CH3)OH which react with CC bonds on the surface of MWNTs. Afterward, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is covalently grafted to the surface of modified MWNTs by radiation in the presence of acrylic acid. FT-IR, 1H NMR, and TGA results showed that PAA chains were successfully grafted onto the surface of MWNTs. The TEM images also provide direct evidence of the formation of a core−shell structure, and the external diameter of resultant MWNTs is increased remarkably. The PAA-g-MWNTs have very good solubility in water and other polar solvents. This two-step grafting approach may also be employed introducing other functional polymer chains onto MWNTs.
ELEVATION ERROR COMPARISION OF COMMONLY USED DIGITAL EVATION MODELS (DEM) FOR NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WITH GROUND CONTROL POINTS

Land surveying has importance in monitoring, planning and detailed mapping for natural resources in lands. Consider the success in management plans, especially in area of engineering, more precious data employed to promote high-efficiency and cost optimization of projects. Engineering projects require more precision and attention in forest lands having huge part of natural resources. Otherwise engineers may cause irreversible damage to nature in addition to wasting money and time. Field oriented engineering works, especially, digital terrain models (DTM) are one of the most important data. Thus, this study examines vertical accuracies of open-source DEMs. Thus, this study primarily evaluates the DEMs mentioned in many research papers. Within the scope of this study, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflectometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM 2), Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM (1) V3) at 30 m resolution, and DEMs derived from orthophotos, which are commonly used by researchers, were compared. The validation of DEMs investigated by using standard deviation (STD), mean error (ME) and the root mean square error (RMSE) to investigate errors in elevation data. Surveying for 116 reference points in the test-site, which has barren and poorly vegetated (Grass/Shrub) land surfaces, was carried out by using total station. The precision of the orthophoto-derived DEM’s error, is better and more reliable than that of other DEMs in bare lands, such as forest openings. The investigated RMSE values were 1.62 m for the orthophoto-based DEM, 2.68 m for SRTM 1 V3 and 11.79 m for ASTER GDEM 2. The orthophoto-based DEM showed higher accuracy than satellite-based models.
Progress, Challenge, and Perspective of Bimetallic TiO 2 -Based Photocatalysts

Bimetallic TiO 2 -based photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention in recent years as a class of highly active catalysts and photocatalysts under both UV and Vis light irradiation. Bimetallic noble metal structures deposited on TiO 2 possess the ability to absorb visible light, in a wide wavelength range (broad LSPR peak), and therefore reveal the highest level of activity as a result of utilization of a large amount of incident photons. On the other hand they can enhance the rate of trapping photoexcited electrons and inhibit the recombination process due to the capability of the storage of photoexcited electrons. Based on literature two groups of bimetallic photocatalysts were distinguished.The first group includes bimetallic TiO 2 photocatalysts (BMOX), highly active under UV and Vis light irradiation in a variety of oxidation reactions, and the second group presents bimetallic photocatalysts (BMRED) exceptionally active in hydrogenation reactions. This review summarizes recent advances in the preparation and environmental application of bimetallic TiO 2 -based photocatalysts.Moreover, the effects of various parameters such as particle shape, size, amount of metals, and calcination on the photocatalytic activity of bimetallic TiO 2 -based photocatalysts are also discussed.
Globalisation, wage adjustment, and unemployment: An empirical analysis based on the factor price frontier

We investigate the effects of globalisation on the labour market using the factor price frontier. The factor price frontier defines a negative relationship between the real rate of return and the real wage rate. As international capital mobility equalises the real rate of return in all economies, real wages also have to converge. If they do not adjust, unemployment and technical change will result in relatively capitalabundant countries. We estimate the factor price frontier for the United States and for Germany with the Johansen procedure. While the U. S. economy adjusts along a single factor price frontier throughout the sample, there are three distinct frontiers in the German case. The outward shifts of the factor price frontier coincide with significant hikes in unemployment.
Modeling Production Processes in Forest Stands: An Adaptation of the Solow Growth Model

The model of forest stand growth proposed in this study is based on R. Solow’s model of economic growth. The variables introduced into the model are the “capital” (the phytomass of the non-synthesizing tree components in the stand—the stem, roots, and branches) and the “labor” (the phytomass of the photosynthesizing tree components in the stand—leaves or needles). Root phytomass is calculated with a special independent model. The process of energy production by the trees is described with the Cobb-Douglas equation. The proposed approach is used to describe growth processes in the forest stands comprising various species in Siberia and the age dynamics of net primary production. The model can explain a number of effects (such as death of the forest stand after the needles have been consumed by defoliating insects) that cannot be explained by standard logistic models.
Improving search results with automated summarization and sentence clustering

In this paper, we introduce TextRank – a graph based ranking model for text processing, and show how this model can be successfully used in natural language 7 applications. In particular, we propose two innovative methods for keyword and sentence extraction, and show that the results obtained compare favorably with previously published results on established benchmarks. TextRank generated summary: In the following, we investigate and evaluate the application of TextRank to two natural language processing tasks involving ranking of text units: (1) A keyword extraction task, consisting of the selection of keyphrases representative for a given text; and (2) A sentence extraction task, consisting of the identification of the most “important” sentences in a text, which can be used to build extractive summaries. Applying a similar line of thinking to lexical or semantic graphs extracted from natural language documents, results in a graph-based ranking model that can be applied to a variety of natural language processing applications, where knowledge drawn from an entire text is used in making local ranking/selection decisions. In applying the TextRank algorithm, there is a danger that the summary may only consist of very similar sentences. For instance, if a document contains two highly similar sentences that differ by only a word or two, their number of votes will not be very different. Indexing both sentences will not add much more information. Further, if the document consists of two somewhat different main ideas, the summary may fail to capture both. This might be corrected by separating the sentences related to each idea first and then running the TextRank algorithm on each set of sentences. 2.2 Spectral Clustering Given that TextRank builds a graph of the sentences in the document, spectral clustering is a natural candidate for splitting the graph into sub-graphs that have low similarity between different partitions but high similarity within partitions. Spectral clustering tries to solve a problem known as normalized cuts. That is, how can the graph be split into k sub-graphs while minimizing the sum of the weights of the edges that are cut when
Transferability of heterologous microsatellite loci between species of Euterpe genus.

Euterpe precatoria, popularly known as “acai-do-amazonas”, has agronomic, technological and economic potential and has been gaining prominence with the commercialization of its fruits. The production of this acai-do-amazonas is based on extractivism and management practices have been recommended for sustainable collection. To recommend sustainable rates of fruit collection, it is essential to have information on the genetic variability of natural populations to monitor the recruitment and population dynamics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the transferability of microsatellite loci of E. edulis species to E. precatoria to confirm the applicability of these markers in genetic studies. Eighteen microsatellite loci developed for E. edulis were analyzed using 20 individuals from two natural populations (Formoso and Novo Segredo) of E. precatoria collected at Feijo, State of Acre, Brazil. All loci (100%) were amplified, and of these, nine (50%) were polymorphic. A total of 29 alleles were found in the Novo Segredo population, and 27 alleles were found in the Formoso population, ranging from two to five alleles per locus, with a mean of three alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity in the Formoso population varied from 0.100 to 0.668, with an average of 0.421. In the Novo Segredo population, a variation between 0.100 and 0.710, with a mean of 0.418, was found. The observed heterozygosity values ranged from 0.100 to 0.800, with averages of 0.333 and 0.267 for Formoso and Novo Segredo, respectively. This set of markers will support further studies on the molecular characterization of the natural populations of E. precatoria and assist with the recommendation of sustainable management practices and strategies for the conservation and genetic improvement of this species.
Ammonium Sulphate and Co-Combustion with Peat – Two Strategies to Reduce Gaseous KCl and Chlorine in Deposits during Biomass Combustion

Combustion of a biomass with an enhanced content of chlorine (Cl) can result in operational problems including deposit formation and superheater corrosion. The strategies to reduce such problems include co-combustion and the use of additives. The positive effects of such measures are mainly due to sulphation of the alkali chlorides (KCl for biomass) to less corrosive alkali sulphates or capture of released alkali (K) in components such as potassium aluminium silicates. A mixture of wood pellets and straw pellets was fired in a 12 MW circulation fluidised bed (CFB) boiler. PVC was added to the fuel in order to achieve a further enhanced reference level of gaseous KCl during certain tests. Two strategies were applied to decrease the risk for superheater corrosion by reducing gaseous KCl and content of chlorine in deposits. The strategies were sulphation of KCl by injection of ammonium sulphate and co-combustion with peat. During co-combustion of biomass with peat both sulphation of KCl and capture of released K in ash components can be of importance. The results were evaluated by means of several advanced measurement tools including IACM (on-line measurements of gaseous KCl), deposit measurements (chemical composition in collected deposits, initial corrosion), ash analysis (chemical composition in fly ashes). The overall performance was better for ammonium sulphate, which significantly reduced gaseous KCl. Meanwhile almost no chlorine was found in the deposits. Only a minor reduction of gaseous KCl was obtained during co-combustion of biomass with peat although the chlorine content in the deposits was greatly reduced.
Effects of Temperature on Growth and Biochemical Composition of Larval Winter Flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus

Winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) eggs fertilized at 2 'C were incubated at 2, 5, 7, and 10 "C. At hatching the larvae produced at all 4 temperatures were similar In standard length, protein, RNA and DNA content, although differences between groups were apparent at completion of yolk absorption. Larvae held at 2 'C never fed. Increased mortality in this group began shortly before hatching and continued until complete mortality occurred on Day 21. Larvae held a t 5 "C began feeding on the day of completion of yolk absorption. Larvae held a t 7 and 10 'C began feeding 1 and 2 d after yolk absorption, respectively. The poor condition of first feeding larvae a t 10 "C was indicated by their low RNA content and low RNA-DNA ratio. A positive linear relation between RNADNA ratio and growth rate was observed at 5, 7, and 10 "C. The effect of temperature on the RNA-DNA ratio-growth relation is described.
Size-segregated concentration of heavy metals in an urban aerosol of the Balkans region (Belgrade)

This work focuses on the heavy metals contents of the size-segregated urban aerosol of the continental area of Balkans. The distribution of nano/micron heavy metals in the size-segregated urban aerosol of Belgrade center was studied during the summer-autumn of 2008. The particle size distribution in the size ranges Dp ≤ 0.49 µm, 0.49 ≤ Dp ≤ 0.95 µm, 0.95 ≤ Dp ≤ 1.5 µm, 1.5 ≤ Dp ≤ 3.0 µm, 3.0 ≤ Dp ≤ 7.2 µm and Dp ≥ 7.2 µm was measured. The aerosol samples were submitted to gravimetric and chemical analyses. The obtained mean mass concentration of the PM fractions was in accordance with an urban aerosol distribution. The aerosol mass concentrations were determined by gravimetric measurements (mGM) and, for heavy metals analyzed by ICP/MS.
Word of Mouth and Taste Matching: A Theory of the Long Tail

I present a model to assess the impact of demand-side factors on the concentration of sales within large product assortments. Consumers face a search problem within an assortment of horizontally differentiated products supplied by a monopolist. They may search for a product match by drawing products from the assortment or by seeking word of mouth recommendations from other consumers. Product evaluations prior to purchase and word of mouth are shown to arise endogenously, and increase the concentration of sales. I show that taste matching mechanisms such as recommender systems, which allow consumers to obtain product recommendations from others with similar preferences, reduce sales concentration by generating a long tail effect, an increase in the tail of the sales distribution. Insights are derived on the mechanisms driving concentration in artistic markets and their strategic implications for the firm. The model is suited for experience good markets such as music, cinema, literature and video game entertainment.