Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased axonal ribosome numbers in CMT diseases

Dear Editor, We recently demonstrated a novel aspect of the interdependence of Schwann cells and axons, in that Schwann cells supply mRNA-laden polyribosomes to denucleized axons of the Wallerian degeneration slow (Wlds) mouse strain, suggesting that Schwann cells underlie axonal protein synthesis in Wlds axons (Court et al., 2008). In the spectrum of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) diseases, axons are frequently targeted and show severe forms of degeneration and impaired axonal transport (Martini, 2001; Scherer and Wrabetz, 2008). As these axons can be considered as injured, we investigated whether also in human peripheral neuropathies belonging to the CMT1 (demyelinating) and CMT2 (axonal) spectrum axonal ribosomes could be observed. First, we investigated sural nerve biopsies from six CMT1A patients who carried PMP22 gene duplications (Lupski et al., 1991), one patient with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), who carried a PMP22 gene deletion (Chance et al., 1993), and one CMT1B patient who carried a Ser54Cys mutation in MPZ (Gabreels-Festen, 2002). In these patients a large percentage of myelinated axons showed ribosomes at the electron microscopical (EM) level (Fig. 1A), whereas only a small percentage of unmyelinated axons contained ribosomes. In contrast, nerves from control patients (Fig. 1C), that is, persons who had no history of peripheral neuropathies, were almost devoid of ribosomes (Table 1). From one CMT1A and the HNPP biopsy, frozen sections were available, which we used for immunocytochemistry. Confocal immunofluorescence showed intense ribosome immunoreactivity in the neurofilament space of axons (Fig. 1B), confirming the ribosomal nature of the particles seen by EM. Next we investigated sural nerve biopsies from patients who were diagnosed with CMT2A and CMT2E, caused by mutations in, respectively, the mitofusin 2 (Züchner et al., 2004) and neurofilament light chain (NEFL) genes (Jordanova et al.,
Negative Emotion in Music: What is the Attraction? A Qualitative Study

Why do people listen to music that evokes negative emotions? This paper presents five comparative interviews conducted to examine this question. Individual differences psychology and mood management theory provided a theoretical framework for the investigation which was conducted under a realist paradigm. Data sources were face-to-face interviews of about one hour involving a live music listening experience. Thematic analysis of the data was conducted and both within-case and cross-case analyses were performed. Results confirmed the complexity of variables at play in individual cases while supporting the hypothesis that absorption and dissociation make it possible for the arousal experienced when listening to sad music to be enjoyed without displeasure. At the same time, participants appeared to be seeking a variety of psychological benefits such as reflecting on life-events, enjoying emotional communion, or engaging in a process of catharsis. A novel finding was that maladaptive mood regulation habits may cause some to listen to sad music even when such benefits are not being obtained, supporting some recent empirical evidence on why people are attracted to negative emotion in music.
Ultrahigh-Speed Signal Transmission Over Nonlinear and Dispersive Fiber Optic Channel: The Multicarrier Advantage

There is a common belief that coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has inferior nonlinear performance in the fiber optic channel due to its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In this paper, we show that due to the uniqueness of chromatic dispersion in the optical fiber, properly designed CO-OFDM can, in fact, possess a nonlinearity advantage over a coherent single carrier (SC) for ultrahigh-speed transport at 100 Gb/s and beyond. In particular, we propose a novel approach called multiband DFT-spread OFDM (MB-DFT-S-OFDM), by which the DFT-S-OFDM is applied to each subband of the multiband CO-OFDM to reduce the PAPR within each subband. It is found that eight-band DFT-S-OFDM surpasses the conventional OFDM and the coherent SC by 1.3 and 0.5 dB, respectively, for SSMF107-Gb/s transmission over a 1000-km standard-single-mode-fiber (SSMF).
Resilient hosting in a continuously available virtualized environment

In this paper, we describe continuously available services and application hosting on the Events/IBM.com® Infrastructure (EI)-a continuously available virtualized environment based on three active data centers that has demonstrated 100-percent availability for many premier Web sites, including www.ibm. com. The environment consists of simultaneously active paths spanning three geographically diverse data centers. We describe techniques for automated rapid scaling and continuous availability using IBM WebSphere® clustering, IBM DB2™ replication, load balancing, virtualized network infrastructure components, and IBM System p® virtualization capabilities. We explore best practices for deploying application releases and updates, applying fix packs, and updating hardware and operating systems, all without interrupting service. In addition, we discuss how to troubleshoot and synchronize the vast flows of a multipath redundant solution. Finally, we describe the requirements that dictate continuously available hosting solutions and modifications to our multisite approach for use in fewer data centers. Application of the topics in this paper has resulted in continuous service with no planned or unplanned interruptions over many years of application hosting within the EI.
Gender Differences in Body Esteem Among Older Adults

ABSTRACT Ninety-five adults aged 60–91 completed measures of Body-as-Object Esteem (BOE) (i.e., appearance) and Body-as-Process Esteem (BPE) (i.e., function) to explore gender differences in body esteem among older adults. As hypothesized, a significant age by gender interaction revealed that men become more disparaging of the appearance and function of their bodies in their last decades of life, while women do not. Level of physical disability was negatively correlated with BOE, particularly for disabled women. Furthermore, as is seen across the life-span, self-esteem is a significant predictor of BOE. Disabled participants who were older than 74 years had disproportionately low BPE scores and similarly poor global self-esteem. Whether working with older adults or studying body esteem in this population, it is vital that both dimensions of body esteem are assessed along with the impact of disability status, gender, self-esteem, and age.
Perceptions of survivorship care among South Asian female breast cancer survivors.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To explore the perceptions of South Asian (sa) breast cancer survivors concerning their follow-up care, and to determine the optimal content and format of a survivorship care plan (scp) for this population, according to various life stages. METHODS A survey was mailed to 259 sa women with a diagnosis of nonmetastatic breast cancer who were 18-85 years of age, 3-60 months post-discharge, and not on active treatment. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were applied to the responses. The data were cross-tabulated by age: group A (<44 years), group B (45-54 years), group C (55-64 years), and group D (>64 years). RESULTS We received 64 completed surveys. The compliance rate for adjuvant hormonal therapy was high (86.3%). Most of the respondents (n = 61, 95.4%) had visited their family doctor within several months (0.5-24 months) after discharge. Their main physical effects concern was fatigue, and anxiety concerning health was the main psychosocial impact. Groups A and B were more concerned about physical appearance, depression, and the impact of cancer on family members. Women in the older groups were concerned about family obligations and work issues. Several women (n = 9, 14.1%) described strain on their marriage and on their relationships with family and friends as significant issues. Slightly more than one third (n = 24, 37.5%) experienced a deepening of faith, and almost as many (n = 23, 35.9%) felt that their illness was something that was meant to happen. CONCLUSIONS Many of the impacts of breast cancer treatment are shared by women of all ethnic backgrounds. Others-such as high levels of compliance, little reported strain on spousal and family relationships, and the importance of faith-reflect specific cultural variations. These universal and culture-specific themes should all be kept in mind when developing a scp tailored to sa women. The developmental life stage of a woman affects how she views the cancer diagnosis, especially with respect to family, reproduction, and work issues.
Maternal adiponectin and visfatin concentrations in normal and complicated pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of adiponectin and visfatin in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) and how their concentrations correlate with the severity of the disease and neonatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN A prospective case-control study was carried out in 52 preeclamptic and 28 healthy pregnant women during the third trimester. The maternal plasma concentrations of adiponectin and visfatin were determined. Neonatal outcomes were also recorded. RESULTS Mean maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations in healthy pregnant women did not differ significantly from those of mild PE and severe PE groups. The plasma adiponectin levels of PE patients with small for gestational age (SGA) and those without SGA did not differ significantly, but the median plasma visfatin concentration of patients with SGA fetus was significantly higher if the patient was preeclamptic (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION The severity of preeclampsia did not change the plasma levels of adiponectin and visfatin, but the median plasma visfatin concentration of patients with SGA fetuses were significantly higher if the patient was preeclamptic. Altered levels of adipocytokines strongly imply that the regulation of adipocytokines in PE is different and more complex compared to that in healthy pregnancy.
Distribution, abundance and biological parameters of Cerastoderma glaucum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) along the Gabes coasts (Tunisia, Central Mediterranean)

The cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (poiret, 1789) represents one of the most common marine mollusc species present in soft bottom infralittoral assemblages in Tunisian waters. The status of the species is still poorly known and there is a knowledge gap about its distribution, abundance and biological parameters. The significant ecological role of C. glaucum in the ecosystem and its possible future commercial interest requires a better knowledge of its stock. This study aimed to investigate the distribution, abundance and biology of these cockles along the Gabes coast. Cockles were collected, treated and data were analysed. In terms of geographical occupation, maps of the population distribution were drawn. The results showed a scattered distribution pattern of the species according to location ranging between 0 and 270 individuals per square meter. The consequence was a remarkable biomass which represented 1290±326 tons of total fresh weight and high abundance levels reaching over 403±104 million individuals estimated in the area of 3723 hectares. The distribution of the species has also been investigated in consideration with the size which varied markedly according to location, while the shell length ranged between 5 and 37 mm. Samples presented a balanced sex ratio, with males dominating among smaller individuals and females predominating in larger size-classes contrary to previous findings on this species. The size at which 50% of the population reached maturity was 14.29 and 16.59 mm SL for males and females, respectively. Findings of the current study suggest that C. glaucum well proliferates in southern Tunisian waters.
Integration of Use Case Models and BPMN Using Goal- Oriented Requirements Engineering

This paper proposes a methodology that transform Use Case diagram into BPMN diagram using GORE technique. The success of software projects depends upon the stakeholder requirements satisfaction and support for organizations business process. Use Cases is one of the most commonly used notations to elicit requirements from an actor’s point of view. Business process modelling notation (BPMN) is commonly used to model organizational business processes and to effectively communicate and conceptualize configuration of processes to relevant stakeholders. Hence, there is a need to be able to transform actors’ goals and objectives into operational business processes and vice versa. Goal oriented requirement engineering (GORE) suggests analysing high level goals of the system to contextualize business processes. This paper argues that both Use cases and BPMN should be contextualized and should coevolve.
Improving Medication Administration Safety in a Community Hospital Setting Using Lean Methodology

Virtually all health care organizations have goals of improving patient safety, but despite clear goals and considerable investments, gains have been limited. This article explores a community hospital's resounding success using Lean methodology to improve medication administration safety with process changes designed by engaged employees and leaders with the knowledge and skill to effect improvements. This article inspires an interdisciplinary approach to quality improvement using reproducible strategies.
Design, synthesis and enzymatic evaluation of 6‐bridged imidazolyluracil derivatives as inhibitors of human thymidine phosphorylase

A series of novel imidazolyluracil conjugates were rationally designed and synthesised to probe the active site constraints of the angiogenic enzyme, thymidine phosphorylase (TP, E.C. 2.4.2.4). The lead compound in the series, 15d, showed good binding in the active site of human TP with an inhibition in the low μM range. The absence of a methylene bridge between the uracil and the imidazolyl sub‐units (series 16) decreased potency (up to 3‐fold). Modelling suggested that active site residues Arg202, Ser217 and His116 are important for inhibitor binding.
Study on the Optimal Rotor Retaining Sleeve Structure for the Reduction of Eddy-Current Loss in High-Speed SPMSM

In the case of designing high-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM), the rotor retaining sleeve is inserted into the rotor to prevent the permanent magnet's damage. It is quite an efficient way to consider manufacturability, but the sleeve becomes the major source of ohm loss in high-speed operation. In this paper, the high-speed motor for a turbo blower at the rating of 100 kW, 20000 r/min was introduced. To improve its efficiency, the retaining sleeve's optimal design was needed. For this, parametric analysis on the shape of the retaining sleeve was carried out in a different type of motor. Within a range that meets the mechanical safety, sleeve designs have been changed. The effect of changing design variables of the sleeve was studied. This paper presents the optimized sleeve's advantages in electrical efficiency from the results of the electromagnetic finite element analysis software. Finally, it suggests the optimal sleeve design to reduce eddy-current loss, which is related to motor shape.
Helicobacter pylori is invasive and it may be a facultative intracellular organism

The pathogenicity of many bacteria colonizing the gastrointestinal tract often depends on their ability to gain access to cells that are normally non‐phagocytic. Helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of over half the world population and is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. It is generally considered to be a non‐invasive pathogen present only in the lumen of the stomach and attached to gastric epithelial cells although a number of in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that H. pylori is in fact invasive. In addition, H. pylori can repopulate the extracellular environment after complete elimination of extracellular bacteria with gentamicin, suggesting it may be considered a facultative intracellular bacterium. This review examines the validity of these observations and describes the evidence suggesting that the intracellular presence of H. pylori plays a role in the induction of diseases, in immune evasion, and in life‐long persistence of the bacterium in the stomach of a majority of humans.
Self transforming to power law topology for overlay networks

Designing the architecture of future network requires the understanding of how a topological structure influences the performance of a network. The study of the topology known as complex network theory has revealed the omnipresence of power law topology in many real networks. This power law topology is known to provide high efficiency in data exchange among individual nodes as well as robustness against random failures on them. For this reason, this topological structure has been adopted in several algorithms for the construction of an overlay network in the context of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. All of them are based on a growing mechanism that requires continuous joining process of nodes. In this paper we propose a non-growing algorithm to construct a power law topology for overlay networks which have important implications for the evolution of the Internet to the next generation networks. The implementation of the algorithm is fully distributed that does not require a centrally dedicated server, thus, make them more secure against a single point failure of the system. Moreover, we demonstrate how the rewired topology takes advantage of its topological structure by analyzing its basic topological properties as well as robustness and efficiency.
Architecture level thermal modeling for multi-core systems using subspace system method

This paper proposes a new architecture-level thermal modeling method to address the emerging thermal related analysis and optimization problem for high-performance multi-core microprocessor design. The new approach, called Thermsid, builds the thermal behavioral models from the measured or simulated thermal and power information at the architecture level. Thermsid builds the thermal models by first generating a Hankel matrix of Markov parameters, from which state matrices are obtained through minimum square optimization. Compared to existing behavioral thermal mod- eling algorithms, the proposed method is much more general as it does not require step temperature responses, leading to greater flexibility during the modeling process. Experimental results on a real quad-core microprocessor show that Therm- sid provides accurate thermal behavioral models comparable existing approaches.
Ageing mechanisms: the role of telomere loss

The ends of the chromosomes are capped by specialized structures, the telomeres. These are comprised of tracts of hexanucleotid sequences and, in combination with specific proteins, protect the chromosome against degradation, fusion events and as being recognized as ’damaged’ DNA; thus, they guarantee chromosomal integrity. Due to deficiencies during DNA replication, the telomeres continuously loose part of their sequences and it has been proposed that this loss is the liming factor for the replicative capacity of a cell, i.e. telomeric loss is the counting mechanism ‐ the internal clock of ageing. In order to proliferate indefinitely, the cells must prevent telomere erosion and this is mostly achieved by upregulation or de novo expression of the ribonucleoprotein complex telomerase. This enzyme, which has a reverse‐transcriptase activity, is able to add telomeric sequences to the outer most ends off the telomeres and thereby stabilize or even elongate the telomeres. As telomerase is expressed in about 90% of all tumours while expression is absent in many somatic tissues, it is not surprising that the causal role of telomere erosion is presently the most favoured hypothesis of cellular ageing.
Solder joint reliability of a polymer reinforced wafer level package

Wafer level packages (WLPs) have demonstrated a very clear cost-advantage vs. traditional wire-bond technologies, especially for small components that have a high number of dice and I/O per wafer. Solder joint reliability of traditional WLPs is the weakest point of the technology. The ability of the solder joint to survive the required thermal cycle testing has limited WLP use to products having relatively small die sizes and a small number of I/O. To increase solder joint reliability without underfill new technologies needed to be developed. To address this need, the K&S Flip Chip Division has developed a polymer reinforcement technology called Polymer Collar WLP/sup TM/. Polymer Collar WLP utilizes a polymer reinforcement structure surrounding the solder joint and it has demonstrated a full 50-60% increase in solder joint life in various sets of TC (thermal cycling) tests. The strengthening mechanism of the polymer collar is well understood and was documented after the second TC test.
Finite element analysis of a squirrel cage induction motor with an oval stator under eccentricity conditions

A three-phase squirrel cage induction motor with an oval stator and different eccentric rotor is modeled in this paper. Finite element method is adopted to evaluate the stator currents and electromagnetic torque. The simulation results of the induction motor with circinal and oval stator are compared to find the conclusions for oval stator and rotor eccentricity diagnosis. It shows that the rotor eccentricity and the ovality of the stator are possible to be detected by analyzing the spectra of the stator currents and electromagnetic torque. The findings of this paper help to complement the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical machines.
FEATURES OF A CLINICALLY NORMAL OPTIC DISC*

WE felt that a survey and analysis of the features of normal optic discs could perhaps be rewarding, as such a study had not been carried out, as far as we knew, since the work of Thompson (1920), Picard (1921, 1923), and Bednarski (1925) (Williamson-Noble, 1961). We were of the opinion that to obtain reliable results the study must be confined to simple points observed in the course of a routine examination. The following criteria were to be followed by each observer independently, and no comparison of results was to be made until the end of the survey:
Real-time Soft Tissue Modelling on GPU for Medical Simulation

Modelling the deformation of anatomical structures in real-time is a crucial problem in medical simulation. Because their shape and their constitution greatly differ, a unique model cannot deal with the variousness of the mechanical behaviours. Hence, we identified two major types of structures in human body, they can be either solid (brain, liver, prostate etc.) or hollow (colon, blood vessels, stomach etc.). Our answer to this problematic is twofold. Our first contribution is an efficient GPU implementation of a non-linear, anisotropic and viscoelastic finite element model for solid organs. Our second contribution is a framework for real-time modelling of thin anatomical structures via a parallelisable co-rotational shell finite element formulation and a method to mesh a complex surface with curved shell elements. Although the two soft tissue models are based on continuum mechanics for greater accuracy, they may both be employed to simulate the deformation of entire organs in real-time. Finally, their implementation into the open source framework SOFA will provide worldwide researchers with new models to assist in enhancing the realism of medical simulators.