Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency and nature of potentially harmful preventable problems in primary care from the patient’s perspective with clinician review: a population-level survey in Great Britain

Objectives To estimate the frequency of patient-perceived potentially harmful problems occurring in primary care. To describe the type of problem, patient predictors of perceiving a problem, the primary care service involved, how the problem was discussed and patient suggestions as to how the problem might have been prevented. To describe clinician/public opinions regarding the likelihood that the patient-described scenario is potentially harmful. Design Population-level survey. Setting Great Britain. Participants A nationally representative sample of 3975 members of the public aged ≥15 years interviewed during April 2016. Main outcome measures Counts of patient-perceived potentially harmful problems in the last 12 months, descriptions of patient-described scenarios and review by clinicians/members of the public. Results 3975 of 3996 participants in a nationally representative survey completed the relevant questions (99.5%). 300 (7.6%; 95% CI 6.7% to 8.4%) of respondents reported experiencing a potentially harmful preventable problem in primary care during the past 12 months and 145 (48%) discussed their concerns within primary care. This did not vary with age, gender or type of service used. A substantial minority (30%) of the patient-perceived problems occurred outside general practice, particularly the dental surgery, walk in clinic, out of hours care and pharmacy. Patients perceiving a potentially harmful preventable problem were eight times more likely to have ‘no confidence and trust in primary care’ compared with ‘yes, definitely’ (OR 7.9; 95% CI 5.9 to 10.7) but those who discussed their perceived-problem appeared to maintain higher trust and confidence. Generally, clinicians ranked the patient-described scenarios as unlikely to be potentially harmful. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of actively soliciting patient’s views about preventable harm in primary care as patients frequently perceive potentially harmful preventable problems and make useful suggestions for their prevention. Such engagement may also help to improve confidence and trust in primary care.
Multihop routing enabled packet switching with QoS guarantee in optical clos for data centers

High-performance scalable data centers call for huge-capacity optical packet switches and QoS (quality- of-service) guaranteed multistage switching, where reconfiguration overheads of optical fabrics and efficiency of scheduling algorithms are two key challenges. We consider QoS guaranteed scheduling for optical packet switching in Clos networks with optical crossbar fabrics, where spatial speedup can be implemented using multiple parallel- working middle-stage switches to fight against switch reconfiguration overhead. By following the existing traffic matrix decomposition approach, our focus is to improve scheduling efficiency by enabling multihop routing in the scheduling process. In particular, we propose a two-step DETOUR algorithm. The first step generates a schedule to achieve QoS guaranteed switching without packet loss and with a bounded packet delay. The second step finds possible multihop routes across a set of switch configurations that can be used to achieve better load-balancing and make use of the idle time slots/bandwidth for additional packet transmissions. This leads to higher scheduling efficiency, which further translates to lower average packet delay. Simulation results confirm the good performance of the proposed DETOUR algorithm.
Recent advances in trypanosomatid research: genome organization, expression, metabolism, taxonomy and evolution

Abstract Unicellular flagellates of the family Trypanosomatidae are obligatory parasites of invertebrates, vertebrates and plants. Dixenous species are aetiological agents of a number of diseases in humans, domestic animals and plants. Their monoxenous relatives are restricted to insects. Because of the high biological diversity, adaptability to dramatically different environmental conditions, and omnipresence, these protists have major impact on all biotic communities that still needs to be fully elucidated. In addition, as these organisms represent a highly divergent evolutionary lineage, they are strikingly different from the common ‘model system’ eukaryotes, such as some mammals, plants or fungi. A number of excellent reviews, published over the past decade, were dedicated to specialized topics from the areas of trypanosomatid molecular and cell biology, biochemistry, host–parasite relationships or other aspects of these fascinating organisms. However, there is a need for a more comprehensive review that summarizing recent advances in the studies of trypanosomatids in the last 30 years, a task, which we tried to accomplish with the current paper.
A treatment proposal with lower extremity robotic devices: Performance of postural analysis and treatment with REXERCISES

Postural Analysis is an important aspect of clinical assessment by physical and occupational therapists to assist in determination of the origin of weakness or functional deficit in neurologically compromised individuals. It can be difficult to perform said analysis in an upright position due to limitations in support for the individual being assessed resulting in decreased safety for both the individual and the clinician. Use of robotic devices to provide external support for the individual in a dynamic movement pattern may allow the clinician the freedom to assess the client in an upright position while maintaining client safety. Therefore, a more thorough evaluation of deficit areas of muscle weakness, tightness, substitution, and functional deficits may be completed to formulate an effective treatment plan. One example of the use of a robotic mobility device for this purpose is the REX from Rex Bionics, Inc. This robotic mobility device allows for both assessments of postural deficits and treatment in an upright position. Following postural analysis of muscular deficits during walking in REX, REXERCISES may allow the clinician to use a series of pre-programmed positions to challenge specific muscle groups identified in the postural analysis to improve muscle strength, decrease tightness, or improve specific functional mobility tasks. These REXERCISES can be performed with assistance from the therapist or with resistance using the standard tools, i.e. hand-weights, balls, resistance bands, etc, that clinicians typically use for strengthening. The above principles can most effectively be demonstrated through on-site performance of the process. Therefore, the process will be demonstrated with a specific patient based upon the deficits seen in analysis of the individual outside of the REX and applied to treatment in the REX to correct them.
Mechanical analysis of remotely operated vehicle

Ocean is a strategic development base of biology, energy, water and metal. It has great potential for development. Underwater vehicle is necessary equipment for explore the underwater resources. So this project intends to develop underwater vehicle equipment. In the paper, the virtual prototype established based on ADAMS is introduced and then analyze the mechanical model. At last, the experiment is done in shallow sea. The experiment shows that self-development remotely operated vehicle can satisfy with the usage requirements.
Online eye-robot self-calibration

We present a new approach that extends the well known Eye-Hand calibration to the online whole-body calibration of the kinematic tree geometric parameters. Only on-board RGB-D sensor and joint encoders are required. Online calibration allows to estimate the state of the kinematic tree at any time, and thus account for inaccurate models, passive joints, mechanical wear, unexpected damages, etc. One major challenge in achieving such an online self-calibration procedure with the available sensors is that the observability of the calibrated parameters cannot always be guaranteed. In this work, we determine the effect of joint degrees of freedom on observability. From this, we propose a novel Eye-Robot calibration method that determines the geometric transformations between joints. Conditions on joint motion are further used to improve upon existing kinematic tree parameters when observability is incomplete. In practice a dense SLAM algorithm is used for online pose estimation and the results are demonstrated with an HRP-4 humanoid robot.
Age Correlates with Response to Anti-PD1, Reflecting Age-Related Differences in Intratumoral Effector and Regulatory T-Cell Populations

Purpose: We have shown that the aged microenvironment increases melanoma metastasis, and decreases response to targeted therapy, and here we queried response to anti-PD1. Experimental Design: We analyzed the relationship between age, response to anti-PD1, and prior therapy in 538 patients. We used mouse models of melanoma, to analyze the intratumoral immune microenvironment in young versus aged mice and confirmed our findings in human melanoma biopsies. Results: Patients over the age of 60 responded more efficiently to anti-PD-1, and likelihood of response to anti-PD-1 increased with age, even when we controlled for prior MAPKi therapy. Placing genetically identical tumors in aged mice (52 weeks) significantly increased their response to anti-PD1 as compared with the same tumors in young mice (8 weeks). These data suggest that this increased response in aged patients occurs even in the absence of a more complex mutational landscape. Next, we found that young mice had a significantly higher population of regulatory T cells (Tregs), skewing the CD8+:Treg ratio. FOXP3 staining of human melanoma biopsies revealed similar increases in Tregs in young patients. Depletion of Tregs using anti-CD25 increased the response to anti-PD1 in young mice. Conclusions: While there are obvious limitations to our study, including our inability to conduct a meta-analysis due to a lack of available data, and our inability to control for mutational burden, there is a remarkable consistency in these data from over 500 patients across 8 different institutes worldwide. These results stress the importance of considering age as a factor for immunotherapy response. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5347–56. ©2018 AACR. See related commentary by Pawelec, p. 5193
Liquid filled method for substrate integrated waveguide reconfigurable filter

This paper proposes a reconfigurable band-pass filter based on substrate integrated waveguide technologies. The presented dispositive is a two cavities filter that operates on 4GHz. The proposed method of reconfiguration consists to remove a part of the substrate and fill it with liquid dielectric. By controlling the liquid level, using an auto controlled microinjection device, we managed to translate the bandwidth. For the validation of this method, a two-pole band-pass filter has been designed and simulated.
Multiple user based residential energy management scheme for smart homes

In this paper, we propose a new Demand Side Management (DSM) algorithm for multiple homes. For this purpose, two type of loads are consider: discrete and continuous. The focus of this work is to minimize the energy consumption cost with new and old pricing scheme and reduce Peak to Average Ratio (PAR) to increase the efficiency of smart grid. In doing so, the load scheduling problem is mathematically formulated as a knapsack problem which later on solved by using the proposed heuristic based Genetic Algorithm (GA). For validation, the simulation results have conducted and compared against different cases: unscheduled vs. scheduled (Old pricing) and unscheduled vs. scheduled (New pricing). Simulation results show that the proposed strategy is efficiently able to handle different types of loads to reduce the daily electricity bill, while reducing the peak load demand as well.
Test structures for debugging variation of critical devices caused by layout-dependent effects in FinFETs

The increasing stress engineering in FinFETs raises concerns about performance variation caused by the strong layout-dependent effect (LDE). The challenge is that it is difficult to decouple the combination of LDEs in a layout. As a result, it is challenging for Fab to reduce the variation induced by LDE. In this paper, we present a set of test structures for monitoring and debugging the variation of critical devices caused by LDEs. These test structures were verified in 16nm FinFET technology. We also present two case studies of debugging FinFET device variation by using these test structures.
A review of different optimization algorithms for a linear phase FIR filter

Digital filters forms an important part of today's expanding field of Digital Signal Processing (DSP). Among them the most used filter is Finite impulse response i.e. FIR filters. FIR filters are used extensively used for filtering of image, modulation of frequency, precision arithmetic and for various other purposes. Thus, various optimization methods are employed for the designing of optimal digital FIR filters. Use of various optimization techniques provides better results for different filter coefficients with respect to control parameter, dependence, premature convergence, etc. They have many pros like simple design implementation, minimized error function, superior search capability and fast convergence. In this paper, we are going to compare some well recognized optimisation algorithms based on the ripples present in the pass band and stop band along with the attenuation provided by the stop band.
cvpaper.challenge in CVPR2015 -- A review of CVPR2015

The “cvpaper.challenge” is focusing on reading top conference papers in the fields of computer vision, image processing, pattern recognition and machine learning. In this challenge, we simultaneously read papers and create documents for easy understanding top conference papers in Japanese. The first challenge is to completely read the CVPR2015 papers. The conference includes the 602 papers which are there main themes such as recognition, 3D, imaging/image processing.
Application of a modified SAFT-algorithm on synthetic B-scans of coarse grained materials

In non-destructive-testing the Synthetic Aperture Focussing Technique is frequently used [Langenberg, 1987] to get an image of the investigated specimen from ultrasonic data. Though the algorithm is applied to any kind of material, it's theory is only valid in the case of homogeneous media. That is why the results in coarse grained materials, for example in concrete, are difficult to interpret or have to be analysed with special techniques [Köhler et al., 1997]. It is shown, that the algorithm can be modified in a simple way to get better results for imaging purposes.
Role of non-coding RNAs in non-aging-related neurological disorders

Protein coding sequences represent only 2% of the human genome. Recent advances have demonstrated that a significant portion of the genome is actively transcribed as non-coding RNA molecules. These non-coding RNAs are emerging as key players in the regulation of biological processes, and act as "fine-tuners" of gene expression. Neurological disorders are caused by a wide range of genetic mutations, epigenetic and environmental factors, and the exact pathophysiology of many of these conditions is still unknown. It is currently recognized that dysregulations in the expression of non-coding RNAs are present in many neurological disorders and may be relevant in the mechanisms leading to disease. In addition, circulating non-coding RNAs are emerging as potential biomarkers with great potential impact in clinical practice. In this review, we discuss mainly the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in several neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, Huntington disease, fragile X-associated ataxia, spinocerebellar ataxias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and pain. In addition, we give information about the conditions where microRNAs have demonstrated to be potential biomarkers such as in epilepsy, pain, and ALS.
Sustainability in software engineering

The intersection between software engineering research and the problems related to sustainability and green IT has been the subject of increasing attention. In spite of that, we observe that sustainability is still not clearly defined, or understood, in the field of software engineering. This lack of clarity leads to confusion about e.g. what is relevant to measure or the research implications over time or space. This paper provides an overview of how the research so far has defined sustainability, and how this definition has been used to guide which research areas. To this end, we carried out a systematic mapping study for selecting, classifying and analyzing relevant publications. In this study, we investigate which knowledge areas and which time scope of sustainability effects are mostly targeted in scientific research. Our analysis shows research trends and discusses gaps to be filled.
Features selection and statistical classification for pose-invariant face recognition

A pose-invariant face recognition based on features selection and statistical classification is proposed. The proposed method includes training and testing phases. SURF features are utilized to calculate the similarity between two images from different poses of the same face, in training phase. Then, Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) are trained using the robust SURF features from different poses. For the decision of face recognition, feature vectors corresponding to the test images are fed to all trained models. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed method outperforms the existing techniques.
Multicast repair for broadcast flows to the handheld receivers

Mobile TV receivers operate with a weaker link budget in the Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) network compared to the fixed rooftop mounted antenna receivers. Nevertheless, the cellular radio interface is an attractive alternative for broadcast services given its reliability. In this work, we use Long Term Evolution (LTE)'s evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (eMBMS) to multicast overhead parity packets among the multicast groups of mobile TV receivers (e.g. smartphones suffering from DVB packet erasures). The proposed multicast scheme recovers erased packets at each smartphone by Systematic RaptorQ Code (SRQC) decoding the directly received DVB transmission along with the overhead packets transmitted via eMBMS multicast. We analyze the load generated in the Cellular Radio Access Network due to this erasure-recovery multicast scheme and compare the gains of such a service over the LTE unicast retransmissions of the missing DVB packets.
Improved day-ahead predictions of load and renewable generation by optimally exploiting multi-scale dependencies

The increased contribution of renewable generation is substantially impacting the operation of power systems. In this context, it is essential to better characterize uncertainties by improving predictions so as to prevent the need to rely on costly oversized regulation reserves for alleviating system imbalances. This paper aims at developing a generic tool dedicated to the day-ahead forecasting of main sources of uncertainties in power grids, namely load as well as wind and photovoltaic generation. The objective is to overcome issues faced by current forecasting tools by using a recurrent neural network based on Gated- Feedback Long Short-Term Memory, an advanced architecture designed to process complicated time series with multi-scale characteristics. The results demonstrate the benefits of this method on forecasting complex and highly volatile variables. However, the architectural complexity of the neural network is more likely to lead to overfitting for variables with a strong deterministic component such as the load.
A novel spectrum allocation scheme for software-defined LTE-WiFi network

In this article we propose a harmonious licensed-unlicensed spectrum management framework for LTE and WiFi coexisting in a software defined environment. Two key resource dimensions are employed, bandwidth and Virtual Queues (VQs), in conjunction with a third resource dimension, i.e. time. The full potential of this novel approach lies in the replacement of inter-technology carrier sensing with centrally managed resource access via leveraging the global view of Software Defined Networking (SDN). Results illustrate that the proposed paradigm addresses together selectivity and fairness for LTE and WiFi, as well as demands for both high and low priority traffic. The outcomes also show holistic superiority for our framework when compared with two other benchmark schemes.
Improved locomotion capabilities for quadrupeds through active multi-point-contact feet

With increasing sensing, motion, and processing capabilities, robots start to master more and more complex tasks in difficult applications. Especially working in hazardous environments, such as exploring extraterrestrial planets or nuclear disaster sites, demand robotic solutions with advanced locomotion capabilities in unstructured terrain. Four-legged systems can provide the desired mobility. The hominid robot Charlie has, in contrast to most quadrupeds, an active ankle joint with Multi-Contact-Point-Feet to support four-legged as well as two-legged locomotion. In this paper, the advantages of this foot design for four-legged locomotion is analyzed. The paper summarizes briefly Charlie's hardware and software components. In detail, the foot design and the behavior modules which utilize the possibilities of actively controlled Multi-Contact-Point-Feet are described. The experimental results show that a positive effect on traction and range of motion are achieved improving the mobility of quadrupeds.
The exposure to uteroplacental insufficiency is associated with activation of unfolded protein response in postnatal life

Early life events are associated with the susceptibility to chronic diseases in adult life. Perturbations of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), which contributes to the development of metabolic alterations. Our aim was to evaluate liver UPR in an animal model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). A significantly increased expression of X-box binding protein-1 spliced (XBP1s) mRNA (p<0.01), Endoplasmic Reticulum-localized DnaJ homologue (Erdj4) mRNA (p<0.05) and Bip/GRP78-glucose-regulated protein 78 (Bip) mRNA (p<0.05) was observed in the liver of IUGR rats at birth. Furthermore, the expression of gluconeogenesis genes and lipogenesis genes were significantly upregulated (p<0.05) in IUGR pups. At 105 d, IUGR male rats showed significantly reduced glucose tolerance (p<0.01). A significant decreased expression of XBP1s mRNA (p<0.01) and increased expression of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) (p<0.05) was observed in the liver of IUGR male adult rats. Liver focal steatosis and periportal fibrosis were observed in IUGR rats. These findings show for the first time that fetal exposure to uteroplacental insufficiency is associated with the activation of hepatic UPR and suggest that UPR signaling may play a role in the metabolic risk.