Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ENRICHMENT AND POPULATION OF A GEOSPATIAL ONTOLOGY FOR SEMANTIC INFORMATION EXTRACTION

Abstract. The massive amount of user-generated content available today presents a new challenge for the geospatial domain and a great opportunity to delve into linguistic, semantic, and cognitive aspects of geographic information. Ontology-based information extraction is a new, prominent field in which a domain ontology guides the extraction process and the identification of pre-defined concepts, properties, and instances from natural language texts. The paper describes an approach for enriching and populating a geospatial ontology using both a top-down and a bottom-up approach in order to enable semantic information extraction. The top-down approach is applied in order to incorporate knowledge from existing ontologies. The bottom-up approach is applied in order to enrich and populate the geospatial ontology with semantic information (concepts, relations, and instances) extracted from domain-specific web content.
Leukotrienes.

To the Editor: Peters-Golden and Henderson (Nov. 1 issue)1 review the role of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism and of leukotrienes, a product of that pathway, in asthma, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The authors conclude that leukotrienes “probably play a role in other diseases,” and we would like to add that they do so in end-stage renal disease. Peripheral-blood mononuclear-cell 5-lipoxygenase activity is involved in low-density lipoprotein oxidation during the early phases of atherogenesis.2,3 We4 and others5 have demonstrated that 5-lipoxygenase activity and expression are up-regulated in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells from patients with uremia who are undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The subsequent increase in membrane lipid peroxidation, reactive-oxygen-species production, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells seems to contribute to the increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in patients with uremia, as compared with the age-matched general population. The activity of 5-lipoxygenase is inhibited by vitamin E and other natural antioxidants in peripheral-blood mononuclear-cell membranes and in vitro3,4,6; the specific inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase may confirm, from a biochemical point of view, the good results obtained with antioxidant supplementation in patients undergoing hemodialysis.4,6 Massimo Taccone-Gallucci, M.D. Simone Manca-di-Villahermosa, M.D.
Does breastfeeding protect against viral GI infections in children <2 years old?

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER While breastfeeding protects against all-cause diarrhea in infants 5 (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on cohort studies and 1 randomized controlled trial), no evidence shows that breastfeeding confers specific protection against viral gastrointestinal infections. Several studies demonstrate that breastfeeding does not prevent acquisition of rotavirus but does decrease the severity of its course (SOR: B, based on cohort, case-control studies, and a systematic review lacking homogeneity).
Effects of aqueous young leaves extract of Mangifera indica on gm (-) microorganisms causing gastro-intestinal disorders

Plants have, for generations, been a source of various kinds of remedies and been used for medicinal purpose to cure different types of ailments and will continue to provide remedies for these ailments, especially in rural areas in developing countries. Consumption of medicinal herbs is tremendously increasing over a past decade as an alternative approaches to improve the quality of life and to maintain a good health. Gastro-intestinal disorders (mainly diarrhea) is one of the major health threats to populations in tropical and subtropical poor countries, responsible for about 5 million deaths annually, of which 2.5 million are children of less than 5 years. Mangifera indica (anacardiaceae family) grows in the tropical & subtropical region & its parts are commonly used in folk medicine for a wide variety of remedies. One of the folk uses is to take the young leaves juice in gastrointestinal disorder. Hence an attempt is taken here to evaluate the effects of aqueous young leaves extract against different gm (-) organisms causing gastro-intestinal disorders. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the aqueous extract revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoid, steroid, cardiac glycoside, alkaloids & carbohydrate. The presence of this secondary metabolite may be responsible for the antidiarrhoeal properties of the crude extract. Aqueous extract of young leaves of Mangifera indica were tested against five gm (-) organisms like E,coliTG1; S.typhi NCTC 74; S. typhi 62; Vibrio cholera 1023 and S. sonnei NK4010 at concentrations of 300, 200, 100, 50 mg/ml. The growths of all the tested organisms are inhibited and the growth inhibition is dose dependent. Hence it could be concluded that the aqueous young leaves extract of Mangifera indica could be utilized in the management of gastro-intestinal disorders and its effect could be potentiating as required.
Benign distal jejunal stricture treated by a partially covered esophageal stent with the use of spiral enteroscopy

Malignant strictures of the proximal to mid small bowel have been successfully managed by deploying enteral stents with the use of an overtube [1,2]. In case reports and published series, stents have been deployed only to the ligament of Treitz and rarely into the proximal jejunum [3,4]. We present here the case of a benign stricture in the distal jejunum managed by deploying a partially covered esophageal stent with the use of spiral enteroscopy. A 73-year-old woman who had a history of fistulizing Crohn’s disease presented with recurrent small-bowel obstruction. Peroral spiral enteroscopy identified a tight stricture 1.5m beyond the ligament of Treitz (●" Fig.1). Balloon dilation with a through-the-scope-balloon (CRE Balloon Dilator; Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) was performed (●" Fig.2). Despite progressive dilation over 6 weeks, the patient had a further episode of bowel obstruction. Following a discussion of the therapeutic options, the patient declined surgery and elected endoscopic therapy with the insertion of a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS). The stricturewas identified during peroral spiral enteroscopy. The mucosa proximal to the stricture was erythematous and ulcerated. The injection of contrast revealed that the stricture was 3cm in length. Under fluoroscopic guidance, a 0.035-in super-stiff Jagwire (Boston Scientific) was inserted through the stricture into the more distal part of the small bowel. The enteroscope was removed, and the overtube remained in position. An 18×60-mm partially covered self-expandable metallic esophageal stent (Niti-S; TaewoongMedical, Seoul, South Korea) was inserted over the guidewire and deployed across the stricture (●" Fig.3a). Unfortunately, the proximal 1cm of the stent was deployed within the overtube (●" Fig.3b). The spiral overtube was rotated counterclockwise as it was being withdrawn. The stent was then successfully released from the overtube and deployed in an optimal position, which was confirmed fluoroscopically and endoscopically (●" Fig.4). The procedure is shown in●" Video1. The patient was discharged home on a low roughage diet. She returned for surveillance enteroscopy at 6 weeks. At that time, the stentwas removed, and the stricture had markedly decreased. At 6-month follow-up, the patient has had no further episodes of small-bowel obstruction (●" Fig.5). This case demonstrates the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of using a temporarily placed, partially covered SEMS to manage a deep small-bowel stricture. Fig.3 a Fluoroscopic image of the stent being deployed across the stricture. b The proximal portion of the stent is lodged within the overtube after deployment. Fig.1 Distal jejunal stricture with granular, friable mucosa and superficial ulceration in a 73-year-old women with a history of fistulizing Crohn’s disease.
Application of DenseNet in Camera Model Identification and Post-processing Detection

Camera model identification has earned paramount importance in the field of image forensics with an upsurge of digitally altered images which are constantly being shared through websites, media, and social applications. But, the task of identification becomes quite challenging if metadata are absent from the image and/or if the image has been post-processed. In this paper, we present a DenseNet pipeline to solve the problem of identifying the source camera-model of an image. Our approach is to extract patches of 256*256 from a labeled image dataset and apply augmentations, i.e., Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). We use this extended dataset to train a Neural Network with the DenseNet-201 architecture. We concatenate the output features for 3 different sizes (64*64, 128*128, 256*256) and pass them to a secondary network to make the final prediction. This strategy proves to be very robust for identifying the source camera model, even when the original image is post-processed. Our model has been trained and tested on the Forensic Camera-Model Identification Dataset provided for the IEEE Signal Processing (SP) Cup 2018. During testing we achieved an overall accuracy of 98.37%, which is the current state-of-the-art on this dataset using a single model. We used transfer learning and tested our model on the Dresden Database for Camera Model Identification, with an overall test accuracy of over 99% for 19 models. In addition, we demonstrate that the proposed pipeline is suitable for other image-forensic classification tasks, such as, detecting the type of post-processing applied to an image with an accuracy of 96.66% -- which indicates the generality of our approach.
Transhepatic Endovascular Portal Vein Embolization Before Hepatectomy

Giris ve Amac: Bu calismanin amaci, metastatik karaciger hastaliginda genisletilmis hepatektomi oncesi transhepatik portal ven embolizasyonu icin Embosphere, Gelfoam ve Amplatzer vascular plug II kullaniminin etkinlik ve guvenilirligini arastirmaktir. Gerec ve Yontem: Ocak 2008 ile Ekim 2014 tarihleri arasinda, gelecekteki remnant karaciger hacmini artirmak amaciyla, genisletilmis hepatektomiden once transhepatik endovaskuler portal ven embolizasyonu yapilan metastatik karaciger hastaligi olan hastalar, geriye donuk degerlendirildi. Gelecekteki remnant karaciger hacmini hesaplamak icin hepatektomiden once ve sonra cok detektorlu bilgisayarli tomografi goruntuleri kullanildi. Tum hastalarda ipsilateral portal ven embolizasyonu, mikrosiferik embolik ajan (Embosphere, 700-900 μm), jelatin kopuk (Gelfoam) ve Amplatzer vascular plug II kullanilarak yapildi. Primer sonuc olcutleri, gelecekteki remnant karaciger hacminin yuzdelik artisi, prosedure bagli mortalite ve morbidite, teknik ve klinik basari oranlari olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Ortalama yasi 48±10.1 yil (dagilim 32-59 yil) olan toplamda 18 hastanin (12 erkek ve 6 kadin), 14’unde (%78) sag portal ven ve 4’unde (%22) sol portal ven transhepatik yaklasimla embolize edildi. Gelecekteki remnant karaciger hacminde 6 haftada ortalama artis orani %41.6±6.7 (dagilim %35-45) olup genisletilmis hepatektomi icin yeterli idi ve klinik basari orani %100, teknik basari orani %100 idi ve prosedure bagli mortalite yoktu. Bir hastada karacigerde kendini sinirlayan subkapsuler hematom vardi (%5). Embolize edilen portal venlerde takip suresince rekanalizasyon olmadi. Sonuc: Metastatik karaciger hastaligi olan hastalarda genisletilmis hepatektomiden once transhepatik portal ven embolizasyonu icin Embosphere, Gelfoam ve Amplatzer vascular plug II guvenli ve etkili prosedurdur.
A Novel Hybrid Approach for Optimizing the Localization of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks are used for monitoring the environment and controlling the physical environment. Information gathered by the sensors is only useful if the positions of the sensors are known. One of the solutions for this problem is Global Positioning System (GPS). However, this approach is prohibitively costly; both in terms of hardware and power requirements. Localization is defined as finding the physical coordinates of a group of nodes. Localization is classified as an unconstrained optimization problem. In this work, we propose a new algorithm to tackle the problem of localization; the algorithm is based on a hybridization of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Simulation results are given to illustrate the robustness and efficiency of the presented algorithm.
A Gender Based Study on Life Style, Diet and Senile Osteoporosis

Abstract An attempt was made to study the role of diet and lifestyle pattern in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Twentyfive male and twenty-five female elderly osteoporotic patients diagnosed by Singh’s Index were assessed for background profile, lifestyle pattern and nutrient adequacy. The mean dietary intake of protein, calcium and vitamin C in male subjects was 48.97±0.89 g, 688.26±29.58 mg and 15.55±2.93 mg while it was 37.86±0.80 g, 663.49±31.91 mg and 24.84±4.74 mg respectively in female subjects. Results of the study revealed that nutrient intake by all the subjects were deficient as compared to the allowances suggested for elderly. However, in comparison to male subjects, percentage intake of calcium was slightly higher among female osteoporotic patients. On comparing the plasma ascorbic acid level of the subjects, it was found that female subjects had comparatively higher level (0.60±0.06 mg/dl) than the male counterparts (0.39±0.07 mg/dl). Significant positive correlation was found between the ascorbic acid intake and plasma ascorbic acid level. Thus it can be concluded that among females, factors other than diet may also play an important role in the development of osteoporosis.
Der Mensch und Influenza – ein Überblick

: Influenza is an acute viral disease with involvement of the respiratory tract. It can be life-threatening. New types of influenza viruses can spread globally and cause influenza pandemics with exalted case numbers. The knowledge about epidemiology, preventive hygiene and vaccination, diagnostic, therapy and clinics are essential for the general practitioner as well as the specialist. This article gives an overview with focus on seasonal influenza in adults. In addition, molecular pathological characteristics of influenza viruses are explained and current problems in influenza management are named. The course consists of 10 multiple-choice questions to consolidate the acquired knowledge.
A novel FRT strategy based on an analytical approach for PMSG-based wind turbines with ESS power rating reduction

In this paper an analytical approach is proposed to formulate the proper set of phase currents reference to ride the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind turbine (WT) through faults properly, regardless of fault type. Hence, the WT is forced to inject required reactive current by grid codes together with active power injection, to help support grid frequency during faults and reduce the energy storage system (ESS) power rating. Moreover, it prevents pulsating active power injection to the grid. During grid faults, the DC-link voltage is controlled by the ESS instead of the grid-side converter (GSC) and the GSC controller applies calculated reference currents. The ESS helps DClink voltage oscillations to be significantly suppressed during the fault. MPCC is applied to handle fast transient states. The main contributions of this paper are first presenting an analytical approach to calculate a proper set of unbalanced reference currents to ride the PMSG-based WT through faults, disregarding grid fault type, while considering phase current protection threshold and second ESS power rating reduction. Different simulations have been carried out to verify the validity of the proposed approach and the efficiency of the whole control system.
PRE-IRRADIATION EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF BRAIN METASTASES

Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology–Brain Metastases: Simon Shek-Man Lo, MB, ChB; Elizabeth M. Gore, MD; Jeffrey D. Bradley, MD; John M. Buatti, MD; Isabelle Germano, MD; A. Paiman Ghafoori, MD; Mark A. Henderson, MD; Gregory J. A. Murad, MD; Roy A. Patchell, MD; Samir H. Patel, MD; Jared R. Robbins, MD; H. Ian Robins, MD, PhD; Andrew D. Vassil, MD; Franz J. Wippold II, MD; Michael J. Yunes, MD; Gregory M. M. Videtic, MD.
Effectiveness of L-asparaginase-based regimens compared to anthracycline-based regimens in newly diagnosed extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a single Mexican center experience

Background Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL) has a high prevalence in Asia and Latin American countries, such as Mexico, where it encompasses 40% of all T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Historically, responses to anthracycline-based therapies have been disappointing. Since data about the effectiveness of L-asparaginase-based regimens in Mexico are limited, we compared both therapies in our center. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort of patients with newly diagnosed ENKTCL, who were divided into two groups for treatment and analysis (group 1: L-asparaginase-based regimen and group 2: anthracycline-based regimen) between 2001 and 2016. Results Of 36 patients with newly-diagnosed ENKTCL, 33 received at least one cycle of chemotherapy (22 in group 1 and 11 in group 2). Over a median follow-up interval of 17 months (range, 0–167), a complete response (CR) was observed in 45.5% of patients in group 1, compared to 27% of group 2 (P=0.45). Progression was more frequently observed in group 2 than in group 1 (54.5% vs. 18.4%, P=0.04). The median overall survival (OS) was 44 months in group 1, compared to 5 months in group 2 (P=0.012). The multivariate analysis showed that failure to achieve a CR after first-line therapy was the only significant factor for OS (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.4–6.5; P=0.005). Conclusion L-asparaginase-based regimens for patients with newly-diagnosed ENKTCL confer a survival advantage over anthracycline-based regimens.
Upregulation of MG53 Induces Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Transcriptional Activation of Peroxisome Proliferation-Activated Receptor α

Background—Diabetic cardiomyopathy, which contributes to >50% diabetic death, is featured by myocardial lipid accumulation, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. The mechanism underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy is poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that a striated muscle-specific E3 ligase Mitsugumin 53 (MG53, or TRIM72) constitutes a primary causal factor of systemic insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. Although it is most abundantly expressed in myocardium, the biological and pathological roles of MG53 in triggering cardiac metabolic disorders remain elusive. Methods and Results—Here we show that cardiac-specific transgenic expression of MG53 induces diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. Specifically, MG53 transgenic mouse develops severe diabetic cardiomyopathy at 20 weeks of age, as manifested by insulin resistance, compromised glucose uptake, increased lipid accumulation, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. Overexpression of MG53 leads to insulin resistant.
The Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Rolipram Promotes Survival of Newborn Hippocampal Neurons After Ischemia

Background and Purpose— Brain ischemia stimulates neurogenesis. However, newborn neurons show a progressive decrease in number over time. Under normal conditions, the cAMP–cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) pathway regulates the survival of newborn neurons. Constitutive activation of CREB after brain ischemia also stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis. Thus, activation of cAMP-CREB signaling may provide a promising strategy for enhancing the survival of newborn neurons. We examined whether treatment of mice with the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor rolipram enhances hippocampal neurogenesis after ischemia. Methods— Both common carotid arteries in mice were occluded for 12 minutes. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to label proliferating cells. Mice were perfused transcardially with 4% paraformaldehyde, and immunohistochemistry was performed. To evaluate the role of CREB in the survival of newborn neurons after ischemia, intrahippocampal injection of a CRE-decoy oligonucleotide was delivered for 1 w.
American Thyroid Association Statement on Postoperative Hypoparathyroidism: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management in Adults.

BACKGROUND Hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) is the most common complication following bilateral thyroid operations. Thyroid surgeons must employ strategies for minimizing and preventing post-thyroidectomy hypoPT. The objective of this American Thyroid Association Surgical Affairs Committee Statement is to provide an overview of its diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. SUMMARY HypoPT occurs when a low intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is accompanied by hypocalcemia. Risk factors for post-thyroidectomy hypoPT include bilateral thyroid operations, autoimmune thyroid disease, central neck dissection, substernal goiter, surgeon inexperience, and malabsorptive conditions. Medical and surgical strategies to minimize perioperative hypoPT include optimizing vitamin D levels, preserving parathyroid blood supply, and autotransplanting ischemic parathyroid glands. Measurement of intraoperative or early postoperative intact PTH levels following thyroidectomy can help guide patient management. In general, a postoperative PTH level <15 pg/mL indicates increased risk for acute hypoPT. Effective management of mild to moderate potential or actual postoperative hypoPT can be achieved by administering either empiric/prophylactic oral calcium and vitamin D, selective oral calcium, and vitamin D based on rapid postoperative PTH level(s), or serial serum calcium levels as a guide. Monitoring for rebound hypercalcemia is necessary to avoid metabolic and renal complications. For more severe hypocalcemia, inpatient management may be necessary. Permanent hypoPT has long-term consequences for both objective and subjective well-being, and should be prevented whenever possible.