Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posible Use of Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (Fsva) to Detect Problem on Poverty and Stunting, The Case of Banten Province

The paper examined whether the Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) could be used to indicate the actual incident happen on poverty and childhood malnutrition in certain areas. It would be usefull for the policy maker to target programs consistent with the National SDG target guided by the FSVA. The quantitative analysis was carried out using correlation analysis between 2 predetermined variables, namely: scores and the rank of food security of cities/regencies in Banten Province against 5 exante variables, namely: food crop production, number/percentage of poor people, the nutritional status of underweight children and stunting. The study showed that the policy makers can anticipate the possibility poverty pocket, underweight and stunting problems on children under five before it actually occurs using FSVA. The results showed that a city/district with highest priority (ranking) on the FSVA most likely to be the locations with high poverty rate, malnourish and stunting children, and also low ability to produce food. Based on the Banten Province FSVA, the regions that need special attention is Kota Serang (Priority 4), relatively to other cities/districts (Priority 5-6).
1H NMR relaxation study of cellulose and water interaction in paper

The authors studied interaction between water and cellulose in laboratory paper prepared ad hoc in alkaline condition using 1 H NMR relaxation techniques. Since paramagnetic substances play a major role in NMR relaxation processes, EPR spectra were also studied. 1 H NMR can give information on the interaction between cellulose and water coupled by a strong spin diffusion that can equalize T 1 values. Measurements of the cellullose/total water molar ratio and the cellular/bound water molar ratio result from the free induction decay. Free water content in grounwood paper is more than double for linter and kraft paper sheets. Performing a line shape analysis of the 1 H resonance as a function of temperature provides information about the porosity of the system obtaining a scale of the distribution of pore diameter sizes. T 2 values of the water component depend on the amount and type of paramagnetic impurities that shorten T 2 values and the amount of free water, This parameter is therefore only useful for comparing paper from the same origin. Application : using only 10-20 mg of paper, NMR relaxometry allows a precise measurement of the content of free water, bound water, and cellulose and an approximate evaluation of porosity.
Three-Hour-Ahead of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Models for Particulate Matter (PM10) Forecasting

The increase of air pollutants emission through anthropogenic activities and natural phenomena in the atmosphere can give an adverse impact on human health especially to some groups of people such as children, the elderly, and people that have cardiovascular problems. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model establishments for the particulate matter (PM10) forecasting can be useful, as it provides early warning information to the local authorities and the communities. We aim to develop MLR models for PM10 forecasting in Peninsular Malaysia, specifically in the southern part. In this study, the hourly data of PM10, meteorological factors, and gaseous pollutants from the year 2009-2011 had been used. As a result, the next first hour of the MLR prediction model, PM10,t+1 has been selected as the best-fitted model as compared to the second and third prediction hour models, PM10,t+2, and PM10,t+3, respectively. The PM10,t+1 model was explained 61.4% (R2=0.614) variance in the data which is higher compared to model PM10,t+2 and PM10,t+3 with 42.3% (R2=0.423) and 34.7% (R2=0.347), respectively. Thus, the validation of PM10, t+1 model also has a high accuracy value of R2 (55.1%) as compared to the other two models. We conclude that the development of MLR models is adequate for PM10 forecasting in the industrial area.
Measurement of Level of Trust in Building Social Capital among Water Users Association through Analytical Hierarchy Process

This study aims about constructing social capital through level of trust of the identified stakeholders in watershed context by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). It was introduced by Satty (1988), for decision making by constructing every complex elements involved in the process in Analytic hierarchy form. The measurement was done through pairwise comparison of the judgements of experts. The empirical findings indicate that among the four stakeholders, the WUA was assigned with the high level of trust followed by the facilitators of NGO, officials of NABARD, officials of DPAP.
Improved Awareness of Tuberculosis Infection in Advanced Stage Chronic Renal Disease Could Reduce Cases of Active TB: Lessons from Four Challenging Cases

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) compared to those with normal renal function. The reasons for this are well described, but include impaired cellular immunity, a high incidence of co-morbid conditions as well as the concomitant use of immunosuppressive medications. Ethnicity as well as socio-economic factors also prevail. Expert guidelines recommend TB chemoprophylaxis in renal transplant recipients deemed at high risk – invariably those from ethnic minorities or recent arrivals from areas with high endemic rates of TB. However, in most renal centres within the UK including our own, high risk patients with advanced CKD (stages 4 and 5) are not routinely screened for latent TB infection (LTBI) prior to transplantation, thus contributing to missed opportunities for preventing TB disease. We report four challenging cases of patients diagnosed with TB disease on a background of advanced CKD, who all presented within an 18-month period whilst under the care of a large tertiary renal centre. Two of the cases were patients with well-functioning renal transplants and two were on renal replacement therapy. We describe our experience and share practical considerations on how to manage TB in CKD including the role of therapeutic drug monitoring in peritoneal dialysis. These cases highlight the need for a better awareness of the possibility of TB reactivation and underscore the arguments in favour of screening programmes for LTBI in patients with advanced CKD.
Spent fuel characteristics for thorium‐uranium recycle in fluoride‐salt‐cooled solid‐fuel fast reactor

Fluoride‐salt‐cooled solid‐fuel fast reactor (LSFR) with thorium‐based fuel could complete a self‐sustaining core that fulfills long‐term energy demands. This paper further investigated the LSFR core sustainability of breeding thorium and the spent fuel characteristics for closed fuel cycle. Two fuel recycle strategies were proposed in this paper, including U recycling and U/Pu/MA recycling, to evaluate the physical effects caused by these recycling some highly radiotoxic and heat producing minor actinides. Based on the two fuel management strategies, the sustainability of breeding thorium and the spent fuel characteristics from the 0th cycle core to the 8th cycle core were assessed, including radioactivity, radiotoxicity, and decay heat. It was found that both recycle strategies accomplished good breeding performance and reduced the 233U fuel inventory, implying that recycling nuclides could partially replace 233U. The U/Pu/MA recycling scheme possessed slightly better advantages in lower 233U loading and breeding performance, but this scheme accumulated more transuranium elements with cycle burnup because the LSFR core could not transmute MA for its relatively soft fast energy spectrum. In spite of this, the level of radioactivity, radiotoxicity, and decay heat for the discharge fuel in the 8th cycle core was either lower than or comparable to that of traditional PWR. It is worthwhile mentioning that between 1000 and 100 000 years the radioactivity, radiotoxicity, and decay heat production tend to grow again, which might require sophisticated storage design for LSFR core with thorium‐based fuel in the future.
Impact of Carbon Dioxide on the Non-Catalytic Thermal Decomposition of Methane

Economically and ecologically, the thermal decomposition of methane is a promising process for large scale hydrogen production. In this experimental study, the non-catalytic decomposition of methane in the presence of small amounts of carbon dioxide was analyzed. At large scales, natural gas or biomethane are possible feedstocks for the thermal decomposition and can obtain up to 5% carbon dioxide. Gas recycling can increase the amount of secondary components even further. Experiments were conducted in a packed flow reactor at temperatures from 1250 to 1350 K. The residence time and the amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the feed were varied. A methane conversion of up to 55.4% and a carbon dioxide conversion of up to 44.1% were observed. At 1300 K the hydrogen yield was 95% for a feed of methane diluted in nitrogen. If carbon dioxide was added to the feed at up to a tenth with regard to the amount of supplied methane, the hydrogen yield was reduced to 85%. Hydrogen in the feed decreases the reaction rate of the methane decomposition and increases the carbon dioxide conversion.
Marketing Behaviour of Agro-Input Retailers – A Critical Analysis

The agri-input marketing in India is undergoing numerous changes interms of scale of operation, participation and diversification. The study was conducted with 200 agri input retailers of Madurai district. With the objective to assess the marketing behaviour of agro input retailers. The study revealed that ninety per cent of agro input centre purchased seeds for sale thrice per year where as fertilizer once in month. Ninety per cent of the retailer purchased weedicide thrice per year. Majority of them had sole ownership. Sixty per cent of them used distribution of notice / leaflet to villagers as a marketing strategy. High working capital requirement was found to be major factor followed by uncertain nature of agriculture due to seasonality which affected demand and supply of inputs. With respect to seed, ‘varietal regulation procedure reported as most important factor for demand and supply of seeds.
A Concise Guide to Geopressure

Geopressure drives fluid flow and is important for hydrocarbon exploration, carbon sequestration, and designing safe and economical wells. This concise guide explores the origins of geopressure and presents a step-by-step approach to characterizing and predicting pressure and least principal stress in the subsurface. The book emphasizes how geology, and particularly the role of flow along permeable layers, drives the development and distribution of subsurface pressure and stress. Case studies, such as the Deepwater Horizon blowout, and laboratory experiments, are used throughout to demonstrate methods and applications. It succinctly discusses the role of elastoplastic behaviour, the full stress tensor, and diagenesis in pore pressure generation, and it presents workflows to predict pressure, stress, and hydrocarbon entrapment. It is an essential guide for academics and professional geoscientists and petroleum engineers interested in predicting pressure and stress, and understanding the role of geopressure in geological processes, well design, hydrocarbon entrapment, and carbon sequestration.
A theoretical investigation of the frisbee motion of red blood cells in shear flow

The dynamics of a single red blood cell in shear flow is a fluid–structure interaction problem that yields a tremendous richness of behaviors, as a function of the parameters of the problem. A low shear rates, the deformations of the red blood cell remain small and low-order models have been developed, predicting the orientation of the cell and the membrane circulation along time. They reproduce the dynamics observed in experiments and in simulations, but they do not simplify the problem enough to enable simple interpretations of the phenomena. In a process of exploring the red blood cell dynamics at low shear rates, an existing model constituted of 5 nonlinear ordinary differential equations is rewritten using quaternions to parametrize the rotations of the red blood cell. Techniques from algebraic geometry are then used to determine the steady-state solutions of the problems. These solutions are relevant to a particular regime where the red blood cell reaches a constant inclination angle, with its membrane rotating around it, and referred to as frisbee motion. Comparing the numerical solutions of the model to the steady-state solutions allows a better understanding of the transition between the most emblematic motions of red blood cells, flipping and tank-treading.
Citizen science as a bottom‐up approach to address human–wildlife conflicts: From theories and methods to practical implications

Although biodiversity conservation is a prioritized topic globally, agreements and regulations at multiple levels often fail to meet the desired effects due to insufficient knowledge transmission about and tolerance toward environmental protection measures among the public. To find effective measures to solve human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) and promote a sustainable coexistence, it is essential to gain the public's understanding of the importance of preserving biodiversity. To spur progress in solution‐oriented conservation science, we examine how citizen science (CS) can complement research in the HWC field and coexistence/mitigation strategies. We find that CS (1) is an effective tool for gathering wildlife data and (2) empowers citizens to participate in or drive (in a bottom‐up manner) wildlife research and management. Each HWC has a unique social, economic, and geographical context, which makes it challenging to find appropriate mitigation measures. We developed a Global and Local Geographic (GLG) model that provides practical guidelines for implementing CS in HWC research. We argue that the inclusion of youth is fundamental to achieving coexistence between people and wildlife; thus integrating CS into formal education or including an educational component in CS projects can support the sustainable conservation of wildlife species and foster environmentally aware future generations.
Repeated Laser Shock-Wave Adhesion Test for Metallic Coatings: Adhesion Durability and Its Mechanism Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

We evaluated the adhesion of polycrystalline metallic coatings using the laser shock-wave adhesion test (LaSAT). This study used Cu plating on stainless steel as a coating model. The adhesion strength and toughness were successfully estimated using LaSAT and finite element method with cohesive zone model. Next, repeated LaSAT was conducted to apply cyclic loading to evaluate adhesion fatigue life, i.e., the number of loading cycles required for delamination. Furthermore, this study performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to elucidate the adhesion mechanism for the Cu/Fe interface. To verify our model, the interfacial fracture toughness was computed using the MD simulation and compared with the results of LaSAT. Next, cyclic loading was applied to the MD model to investigate crack initiation around the interface. We found that dislocations are generated from the internal grain and are accumulated at grain boundaries. This accumulation results in fatigue crack initiation due to stress concentration.
A profile design method to improve the wear performance of misaligned water‐lubricated bearing

The study presents a profile design method to improve the wear performance of misaligned water‐lubricated bearing based on the modified Archard model. This method takes into account the variation of the film thickness under the mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication (mixed‐EHL). A transient hydrodynamic Reynolds equation model with the Patir–Cheng flow factors is used to predict the evolution of the mixed‐EHL performance over time. The Archard model is extended to predict the time‐varying wear based on the fatigue concept. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed profile design method; the simulation results, including the transient contact pressure, wear depth and wear volume, between the considering and not considering the profile design are compared. To gain insight, several illustrative examples are presented to show the amelioration of the profile design. Parametric studies are reported to show the applicability of the profile design and emphasise the profile height selection. Therefore, the profile design is an extraordinary method to reduce the edge wear.
Consistency Is Critical for the Effective Use of Baited Remote Video

Baited remote underwater videos (BRUV) are popular marine monitoring techniques used for the assessment of motile fauna. Currently, most published studies evaluating BRUV methods stem from environments in the Southern Hemisphere. This has led to stricter and more defined guidelines for the use of these techniques in these areas in comparison to the North Atlantic, where little or no specific guidance exists. This study explores metadata taken from BRUV deployments collected around the UK to understand the influence of methodological and environmental factors on the information gathered during BRUV deployments including species richness, relative abundance and faunal composition. In total, 39 BRUV surveys accumulating in 457 BRUV deployments across South/South-West England and Wales were used in this analysis. This study identified 88 different taxa from 43 families across the 457 deployments. Whilst taxonomic groups such as Labridae, Gadidae and Gobiidae were represented by a high number of species, species diversity for the Clupeidae, Scombridae, Sparidae, Gasterosteidae and Rajidae groups were low and many families were absent altogether. Bait type was consistently identified as one of the most influential factors over species richness, relative abundance and faunal assemblage composition. Image quality and deployment duration were also identified as significant influential factors over relative abundance. As expected, habitat observed was identified as an influential factor over faunal assemblage composition in addition to its significant interaction with image quality, time of deployment, bait type and tide type (spring/neap). Our findings suggest that methodological and environmental factors should be taken into account when designing and implementing monitoring surveys using BRUV techniques. Standardising factors where possible remains key. Fluctuations and variations in data may be attributed to methodological inconsistencies and/or environment factors as well as over time and therefore must be considered when interpreting the data.
A review of recent developments in retinitis pigmentosa genetics, its clinical features, and natural course

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited degenerative ocular disease, is considered the most common type of retinal dystrophy. Abnormalities of the photoreceptors, particularly the rods, and of the retinal pigment epithelium, characterizes this disease. The abnormalities progress from the midperiphery to the central retina. We here reviewed the developments in RP genetics in the last decade, along with its clinical features and natural course. Methods: The present review focused on articles in English language published between January 2008 and February 2020, and deposited in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. We searched for articles reporting on the clinical manifestations and genes related to both syndromic and non-syndromic RP. We screened and analyzed 139 articles, published in the last decade, referring to RP pathogenesis and identified, summarized, and highlighted the most significant genes implicated in either syndromic or non-syndromic RP pathogenesis, causing different clinical manifestations. Results: Recent literature revealed that approximately 80 genes are implicated in non-syndromic RP, and 30 genes in syndromic forms, such as Usher syndrome and Bardet‒Biedl syndrome (BBS). Moreover, it is estimated that 27 genes are implicated in autosomal dominant RP (adRP), 55 genes in autosomal recessive RP (arRP), and 6 genes in X-linked RP (xlRP), causing different RP phenotypes. Characteristically, RHO is the most prevalent adRP- and arRP-causing gene, and RPGR the most common xlRP-causing gene. Other important genes are PRPH2, RP1, CRX, RPE65, ABCA4, CRB1, and USH2Α. However, different phenotypes can also be caused by mutations in the same gene. Conclusions: The genetic heterogeneity of RP necessitates further study to map the exact mutations that cause more severe forms of RP, and to develop and use appropriate genetic or other effective therapies in future.
Simulation Investigation of a Soft Hydraulic Artificial Muscle

This paper presents a soft hydraulic artificial muscle (SHAM) design, which replaces the cylinder, rod and piston in traditional hydraulic cylinder with soft structures. The presented muscle has the advantages of high output force level and good adaptability to environment. Modelling and simulation are conducted after introducing the working principle of the SHAM. Simulation results show that the output force can be as large as 160N with 0.8MPa input pressure. The effect of mixed air into the working fluid has also been investigated and discussed. Above advantages make the SHAM perfect for applications such as exoskeletons.
Synthesis approach to design a compact printed monopole filtenna for 2.4 GHz Wi‐Fi application

This communication presents a compact low cost filtenna (35 mm × 30 mm) operating in 2.31 to 2.49 GHz spectrum for possible applications pertaining to 2.4 GHz Wi‐Fi standards 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n. Initially, two microstrip square open loop resonators are designed to serve as band‐pass filters with resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz. Adapting the synthesis approach, the second resonator is replaced by inverted L‐shaped monopole antenna designed at 2.4 GHz. The antenna is integrated to filter through coupled line admittance inverter to form a compact module with near zero insertion loss within the proposed operating frequency band, filtenna possess uniform omnidirectional radiation pattern in H‐plane and monopole pattern in E‐plane, steep skirt at both edges, 7.5% fractional bandwidth, good return loss and low cross polarization characteristics. The simulated design is validated by measurements of parameters of prototype fabricated on FR4 substrate, slight acceptable discrepancy is experienced which can be attributed to fabrication tolerances and variation in material characteristics.
Universal Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Uncertain Dynamics

This paper focuses on the universal control design of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with uncertain system dynamics. In vector control, classical proportional-integral (PI) controllers are used to control d-q axis currents and speed of the PMSM. This paper uses two control methods: conventional field-oriented vector control and simplified control. First, all the control gains are determined for numerous PMSMs with various power ratings using an empirical study and generalized mathematical expressions are derived for each of the gains. Then, these expressions are used for automatic gain calculation for various PMSMs with a wide power-rating range. In vector control, the control gains are determined using only the motor power ratings. In the simplified control, generalized control gain expressions are obtained using the number of pole pairs and the flux linkage. Compared to the vector control, the simplified control method provides much simpler generalized mathematical expressions. Validation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment using various PMSMs from 0.2 HP to 10 HP, and results show accurate tracking of reference speed and d-q axis reference currents. Thus, the proposed gain scheduling approach is effective and can be used for self-commissioning motor drives.