Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Matrix-based Attribute Reduction Algorithm Based on Minimal Elements for Mobile Edge Computing

With the development of Internet of Thlngs(IoT) technology, the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) environment plays an important role in different scenarios. This paper focus on the "last-mile" delivery scenario in logistics. In this scenario, due to the limited computation ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), high real-time and computational resource-intensive tasks such as obstacle avoidance, route planning, and face recognition are require the assistance by MEC computing resources. However, due to the limited computing power of edge servers, the computing tasks of neural networks has very high delay. It cause the deadline of neural networks computation task may not be satisfied. Besides with the users and environment changed continuously, the neural nework take a long time to update which may affect the work of UAV. Therefore, It is an critical problem to accelerate the calculation and update of neural network on edge server. This paper proposes an attribute reduction algorithm based on rough set, which can reduce redundant attributes and compress the dimensionality of data. The experimental results show that can accelerate the calculation and update of neural network significantly and save the energy consumption.
Unaltered Perception of Suprathreshold Contrast in Early Glaucoma Despite Sensitivity Loss

Purpose Glaucoma raises contrast detection thresholds, but our natural visual environment is dominated by high contrast that may remain suprathreshold in early to moderate glaucoma. This study investigates the effect of glaucoma on the apparent contrast of visible stimuli. Methods Twenty participants with glaucoma with partial visual field defects (mean age, 72 ± 7 years) and 20 age‐similar healthy controls (mean age, 70 ± 7 years) took part. Contrast detection thresholds for Gabor stimuli (SD, 0.75°) of four spatial frequencies (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 c/deg) were first measured at 10° eccentricity, both within and outside of visual field defects for participants with glaucoma. Subsequently, the contrast of a central Gabor was matched to that of a peripheral Gabor with contrast fixed at two times or four times the detection threshold. Data were analyzed by linear mixed modelling. Results Compared with controls, detection thresholds for participants with glaucoma were raised by 0.05 ± 0.025 (Michelson units, ± SE; P = 0.12) and by 0.141 ± 0.026 (P < 0.001) outside and within visual field defects, respectively. For reference stimuli at two times the detection contrast, matched contrast ratios (matched/reference contrast) were 0.16 ± 0.039 (P < 0.001) higher outside compared with within visual field defects in participants with glaucoma. Matched contrast ratios within visual field defects were similar to controls (mean 0.033 ± 0.066 lower; P = 0.87). For reference stimuli at four times the detection contrast, matched contrast ratios were similar across all three groups (P = 0.58). Spatial frequency had a minimal effect on matched contrast ratios. Conclusions Despite decreased contrast sensitivity, people with glaucoma perceive the contrast of visible suprathreshold stimuli similarly to healthy controls. These results suggest possible compensation for sensitivity loss in the visual system.
DeCoNet: Density Clustering-Based Base Station Control for Energy-Efficient Cellular IoT Networks

Recently, there has been a rapid increase in the number of (small-cell) base stations (BSs) to support the massive amount of mobile data traffic and rapidly increasing number of mobile devices in beyond 5G (B5G) wireless communication systems or Internet of Things (IoT) networks. However, many of these BSs tend to waste a considerable amount of energy to support such data traffic and mobile devices. Therefore, the development of an efficient BS status control algorithm is important for realizing energy-efficient IoT networks. To reduce network energy consumption, we herein propose a density clustering-based BS control algorithm for energy-efficient IoT networks (DeCoNet). DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) and OPTICS (Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure) are utilized for partitioning high and low user-density regions. To find the effective number of BSs and their appropriate locations considering user-density differences, we utilize parameters obtained after applying density clustering algorithms to derive the thinning radius that is used to adjust the status of BSs in overall cellular IoT networks. Specifically, the average reachability-distance of each cluster in OPTICS and the distance between the outermost border users of each cluster in DBSCAN are used to obtain the radius of each cluster region. Through extensive computer simulations, we show that the proposed algorithms outperform the conventional algorithms in terms of average area throughput, energy efficiency, energy per information bit, and power consumption per unit area.
RNAseq Analysis Reveals Altered Expression of Key Ion Transporters Causing Differential Uptake of Selective Ions in Canola (Brassica napus L.) Grown under NaCl Stress

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses prevailing throughout the world that severely limits crop establishment and production. Every crop has an intra-specific genetic variation that enables it to cope with variable environmental conditions. Hence, this genetic variability is a good tool to exploit germplasms in salt-affected areas. Further, the selected cultivars can be effectively used by plant breeders and molecular biologists for the improvement of salinity tolerance. In the present study, it was planned to identify differential expression of genes associated with selective uptake of different ions under salt stress in selected salt-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivar. For the purpose, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth response of different salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant canola cultivars. Plants were subjected to 200 mM NaCl stress. Canola cultivars—Faisal Canola, DGL, Dunkled, and CON-II—had higher growth than in cvs Cyclone, Ac-EXcel, Legend, and Oscar. Salt-tolerant cultivars were better able to maintain plant water status probably through osmotic adjustment as compared to salt-sensitive cultivars. Although salt stress increased shoot Na+ and shoot Cl− contents in all canola cultivars, salt-tolerant cultivars had a lower accumulation of these toxic nutrients. Similarly, salt stress reduced shoot K+ and Ca2+ contents in all canola cultivars, while salt-tolerant cultivars had a higher accumulation of K+ and Ca2+ in leaves, thereby having greater shoot K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios. Nutrient utilization efficiency decreased significantly in all canola cultivars due to the imposition of salt stress; however, it was greater in salt-tolerant cultivars—Faisal Canola, DGL, and Dunkled. Among four salt-tolerant canola cultivars, cv Dunkled was maximal in physiological attributes, and thus differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed in it by RNA-seq analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. The differentially expressed genes (DEG) in cv Dunkled under salt stress were found to be involved in the regulation of ionic concentration, photosynthesis, antioxidants, and hormonal metabolism. However, the most prominent upregulated DEGs included Na/K transporter, HKT1, potassium transporter, potassium channel, chloride channel, cation exchanger, Ca channel. The RNA-seq data were validated through qRT-PCR. It was thus concluded that genes related to the regulation of ionic concentrate are significantly upregulated and expressed under salt stress, in the cultivar Dunkled.
Multiple Liver Metastases Rather Than the Presence of Liver Metastasis Is a Significantly Poor Prognostic Factor for Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

between hyperglycemia, DKA, and AP. Acidosis of any etiology is known to cause acinar cell injury, but in our patient, it was not an issue. In experimental studies, the extent of the acidosis is a major risk factor for AP. Hypertriglyceridemia is a well-established etiology for AP and is typically seen in the setting of severe hyperglycemia. A pathogenetic role for COVID is not clear. A mere coincidence of T2DM, hypertriglyceridemia, and COVID-19 cannot be excluded. To our knowledge, this is the first case of hypertriglyceridemic AP in the setting of COVID-19 infection. TheAmericanCollege of Gastroenterology guidelines for AP recommend aggressive intravenous isotonic crystalloids administration of 250 to 500 mL per hour in the first 12 to 24 hours unless there are cardiovascular or renal comorbidities. On the other hand, pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 infection are similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hence, the Society of Critical Care Medicine recommends the conservative rather than liberal fluid administration even in the setting of shock. Uncontrolled T2DM and hypertriglyceridemiamaybe the consequence or coincidence in COVID-19 infection. Fluid replacement is a delicate issue and requires very close scrutiny of the respiratory status in patients with AP in the setting of COVID-19 infection.
Tryptophan Synthase: Biocatalyst Extraordinaire

Tryptophan synthase (TrpS) has emerged as a paragon of noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) synthesis and is an ideal biocatalyst for synthetic and biological applications. TrpS catalyzes an irreversible, C−C bond‐forming reaction between indole and serine to make l‐tryptophan; native TrpS complexes possess fairly broad specificity for indole analogues, but are difficult to engineer to extend substrate scope or to confer other useful properties due to allosteric constraints and their heterodimeric structure. Directed evolution freed the catalytically relevant TrpS β‐subunit (TrpB) from allosteric regulation by its TrpA partner and has enabled dramatic expansion of the enzyme's substrate scope. This review examines the long and storied career of TrpS from the perspective of its application in ncAA synthesis and biocatalytic cascades.
Helicobacter Pylori cagA+ Genotype is Associated With Consumption of Untreated Drinking Water in North-Eastern Brazil

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the Helicobacter pylori cagA+ genotype prevalent in a region of north-eastern Brazil and find possible associations between this genotype and socioeconomic variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 751 patients with dyspepsia from a public endoscopy clinic. Genotyping was carried out on 98 samples from gastric tissue with positive urease test for H. pylori using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Socioeconomic variables were collected via forms. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to analyze associations between variables and odds ratios were obtained to compare effects. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05 for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: H. pylori infection was present in 52.7% of the patients and associated with low income and consumption of untreated drinking water. The prevalence of the cagA+ genotype was 25.5%. Low income was inversely related to the presence of cagA+ genotype, even after adjustment. Untreated drinking water consumption was associated with the presence of the cagA+ genotype in both the univariate (p = 0.03; OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.008–6.48) and multivariate (p = 0.03; OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.08–7.67) analyses. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that water can be an important vehicle for the transmission of pathogenic H. pylori strains and may be a public health challenge, especially in less developed regions with precarious water and sanitary conditions.
iFocus: A Framework for Non-intrusive Assessment of Student Attention Level in Classrooms

The process of learning is not merely determined by what the instructor teaches, but also by how the student receives that information. An attentive student will naturally be more open to obtaining knowledge than a bored or frustrated student. In recent years, tools such as skin temperature measurements and body posture calculations have been developed for the purpose of determining a student’s affect, or emotional state of mind. However, measuring eye-gaze data is particularly noteworthy in that it can collect measurements non-intrusively, while also being relatively simple to set up and use. This paper details how data obtained from such an eye-tracker can be used to predict a student’s attention as a measure of affect over the course of a class. From this research, an accuracy of 77% was achieved using the Extreme Gradient Boosting technique of machine learning. The outcome indicates that eye-gaze can be indeed used as a basis for constructing a predictive model. INDEX WORDS: Affect, Eye-tracking, Machine learning, Attention, Education IFOCUS: A FRAMEWORK FOR NON-INTRUSIVE ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT ATTENTION LEVEL IN CLASSROOMS by NARAYANAN VELIYATH B.S., Georgia Southern University, 2017 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE STATESBORO, GEORGIA
Harnessing the Complete Repertoire of Conventional Dendritic Cell Functions for Cancer Immunotherapy

The onset of checkpoint inhibition revolutionized the treatment of cancer. However, studies from the last decade suggested that the sole enhancement of T cell functionality might not suffice to fight malignancies in all individuals. Dendritic cells (DCs) are not only part of the innate immune system, but also generals of adaptive immunity and they orchestrate the de novo induction of tolerogenic and immunogenic T cell responses. Thus, combinatorial approaches addressing DCs and T cells in parallel represent an attractive strategy to achieve higher response rates across patients. However, this requires profound knowledge about the dynamic interplay of DCs, T cells, other immune and tumor cells. Here, we summarize the DC subsets present in mice and men and highlight conserved and divergent characteristics between different subsets and species. Thereby, we supply a resource of the molecular players involved in key functional features of DCs ranging from their sentinel function, the translation of the sensed environment at the DC:T cell interface to the resulting specialized T cell effector modules, as well as the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the DC function. As of today, mostly monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) are used in autologous cell therapies after tumor antigen loading. While showing encouraging results in a fraction of patients, the overall clinical response rate is still not optimal. By disentangling the general aspects of DC biology, we provide rationales for the design of next generation DC vaccines enabling to exploit and manipulate the described pathways for the purpose of cancer immunotherapy in vivo. Finally, we discuss how DC-based vaccines might synergize with checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of malignant diseases.
Isolation and Identification of Pyrene Mineralizing Mycobacterium spp. from Contaminated and Uncontaminated Sources

Mycobacterium isolates obtained from PAH-contaminated and uncontaminated matrices were evaluated for their ability to degrade three-, four- and five-ring PAHs. PAH enrichment studies were prepared using pyrene and inocula obtained from manufacturing gas plant (MGP) soil, uncontaminated agricultural soil, and faeces from Macropus fuliginosus (Western Grey Kangaroo). Three pyrene-degrading microorganisms isolated from the corresponding enrichment cultures had broad substrate ranges, however, isolates could be differentiated based on surfactant, phenol, hydrocarbon and PAH utilisation. 16S rRNA analysis identified all three isolates as Mycobacterium sp. The Mycobacterium spp. could rapidly degrade phenanthrene and pyrene, however, no strain had the capacity to utilise fluorene or benzo[a]pyrene. When pyrene mineralisation experiments were performed, 70–79% of added 14C was evolved as 14CO2 after 10 days. The present study demonstrates that PAH degrading microorganisms may be isolated from a diverse range of environmental matrices. The present study demonstrates that prior exposure to PAHs was not a prerequisite for PAH catabolic activity for two of these Mycobacterium isolates.
Relationships of Family History-related Factors and Causal Beliefs to Cancer Risk Perception and Mammography Screening Adherence Among Medically Underserved Women

This study examines how family history-related factors and causal beliefs affect underserved women’s cancer risk perceptions and adherence to mammography. 1,010 patients at a primary care safety net clinic at a large urban hospital completed a survey in 2015. Of the 1,010 patients, 467 women 45 years of age or older were included in this analysis. The majority of participants were African American (68%). We built multivariable linear and logistic regression models to examine the dependent variables of cancer risk perception and mammography screening adherence. According to the results, those with a family history of cancer were significantly more likely to be adherent to mammography. Perceived importance of family health history also significantly predicted their mammography screening adherence. However, cancer risk perceptions did not predict underserved women’s mammography adherence. Significant interaction effects on the associations 1) between family cancer history, cancer risk perceptions, and mammography screening adherence and 2) between race, behavioral causal beliefs, and risk perceptions were found. Findings suggest that implementing different strategies across racial groups and by cancer history may be necessary to promote regular mammography screening.
Location and arrangement of campaniform sensilla in Drosophila melanogaster

Sensory systems provide input to motor networks on the state of the body and environment. One such sensory system in insects is the campaniform sensilla (CS), which detect deformations of the exoskeleton arising from resisted movements or external perturbations. When physical strain is applied to the cuticle, CS external structures are compressed, leading to transduction in an internal sensory neuron. In Drosophila melanogaster, the distribution of CS on the exoskeleton has not been comprehensively described. To investigate CS number, location, spatial arrangement, and potential differences between individuals, we compared the front, middle, and hind legs of multiple flies using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, we imaged the entire body surface to confirm known CS locations. On the legs, the number and relative arrangement of CS varied between individuals, and single CS of corresponding segments showed characteristic differences between legs. This knowledge is fundamental for studying the relevance of cuticular strain information within the complex neuromuscular networks controlling posture and movement. This comprehensive account of all D. melanogaster CS helps set the stage for experimental investigations into their responsivity, sensitivity, and roles in sensory acquisition and motor control in a light‐weight model organism.
The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hematologic malignancies.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article focuses on the immunosuppressive impact of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the potential clinical implications in hematological malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS MDSCs play a critical role in the regulation of the immune response in cancer. They inhibit activation of adaptive immune response and as a result foster the growth of the malignancy. Recent studies have shown that MDSCs serve as prognostic biomarkers and as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical and clinical studies have identified new approaches to deplete MDSC populations and inhibit MDSC function with combination immunomodulatory therapies including chemotherapeutic agents with immune checkpoint-directed treatment. SUMMARY A broad spectrum of publications indicate that direct targeting of MDSCs may abrogate their protumorigenic impact within the tumor microenvironment through activation of the adaptive immune response.
WHAT THE PROFESSION OF CYBERSECURITY NEEDS TO KNOW AND DO

ABSTRACT Presently, 71% of annual losses are due to failures in the physical and human attack domains, while electronic breaches account for roughly 29%. While the lowest percentage of losses (29%) falls into the area of the classic technology-based attacks, unfortunately these are often the only kind of attacks factored into an organization’s cybersecurity planning. Surprisingly, in most organizations, human or physical types of threats are simply not part of traditional cyberdefense thinking. Most active cyberdefense solutions do not consider embodying integrated and well-defined behavioral controls into the cybersecurity process. And as a result, well executed attacks against the non-electronic attack surface are almost certain to succeed. We argue that the profession must find ways to ensure that the real-world practice of cybersecurity involves the creation and adoption of a complete, correct, and highly effective set of well-defined and commonly accepted controls; ones that are capable of closing off every feasible type of adversarial action. To be completely effective, the solution must amalgamate all of the essential concepts of cyberdefense into a single unifying practice model, one that has real-world currency. Professional societies help to serve as the developers and sanctioners of the fundamental ideas in their respective fields and the creation of the CSEC2017 document provides an authoritative statement of the elements of the field of cybersecurity for a broad array of practitioners. This paper discusses the CSEC2017 thought model and outlines the eight knowledge areas specified for the discipline to represent the complete body of knowledge within the field.
Perceptual Representations and the Vividness of Stimulus-Triggered and Stimulus-Independent Experiences

In recent years, researchers from independent subfields have begun to engage with the idea that the same cortical regions that contribute to on-line perception are recruited during and underlie off-line activities such as information maintenance in working memory, mental imagery, hallucinations, dreaming, and mind wandering. Accumulating evidence suggests that in all of these cases the activity of posterior brain regions provides the contents of experiences. This article is intended to move one step further by exploring specific links between the vividness of experiences, which is a characteristic feature of consciousness regardless of its actual content, and certain properties of the content-specific neural-activity patterns. Investigating the mechanisms that underlie mental imagery and its relation to working memory and the processes responsible for mind wandering and its similarities to dreaming form two clusters of research that are in the forefront of the recent scientific study of mental phenomena, yet communication between these two clusters has been surprisingly sparse. Here our aim is to foster such information exchange by articulating a hypothesis about the fine-grained phenomenological structure determining subjective vividness and its possible neural basis that allows us to shed new light on these mental phenomena by bringing them under a common framework.