Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BASIC BACKGROUND IN REFLEX PHYSIOLOGY

Reflexes are a fundamental part of nervous system analysis. Various pathologies manifest themselves by disrupting the basic reflex functions inherent in the individual, and some of them are fully developed at birth. For a complete clinical analysis, knowledge of the basic mechanisms of its functioning is required. This review aims to demonstrate the mechanism of some of the main reflexes present in individuals in a simplified way, consolidating knowledge of great importance to the area. The focus is not on detailing the specifics of each reflex but on the use of recent advances in research to accurately determine its visual effects as well as its effects in the organism, observed through clinical examinations.
La linguistique et le nombre

La linguistique est la science statistique type ; les statisticiens le savent bien ; les linguistes l'ignorent encore 1 Depuis cette declaration prometteuse, en exergue, d'un des pionniers de la statistique linguistique, ou en sont les relations entre linguistique et outils statistiques ? La linguistique qui s'affirme comme discipline scientifique offre, a priori, plus d'affinites spontanees avec les methodes statistiques, issues des sciences dites exactes, que l'analyse litteraire, sur laquelle plane toujours le soupcon de subjectivite. La linguistique a, par ailleurs, cette propension a l'observation des faits qui l'eloigne de la grammaire normative. Loin d'edicter des regles theoriques et de declarer non conformes les ecarts eventuels, la linguistique des textes developpe une demarche empirique et experimentale. La linguistique est donc une science empirique, en ce sens qu'elle definit une instance de refutation et que celle-ci est constituee a partir des donnees contingentes des langues. C'est une science experimentale, en ceci qu'elle construit activement les observations qui donneront lieu aux procedures de refutation 2. Oppose au rationalisme scientifique, l'empirisme est connote defavorablement, comme le rappelle Francois Rastier ici meme, comme on le lit dans la citation ci-apres : L'empirisme est un donjon etroit et abject d'ou l'esprit emprisonne ne peut s'echapper que sur les ailes d'une hypothese 3 .
Systematic review of traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen in the treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen in the treatment of novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP). Methods The databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched by computer. The clinical studies of Lianhua Qingwen combined with conventional medicine for NCP were collected. The search time was established from each database to February 2020. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results Three trials were finally included in a total of 138 patients. Meta analysis results showed that Lianhuaqingwen combined with conventional drugs had a better disappearance rate of main symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue) and other symptoms (chest tightness, dyspnea, and loss of appetite) of NCP than conventional drugs. Conclusion The results of this systematic review show that, compared with conventional drugs, the Lianhuaqingwen combined group can better alleviate the main symptoms of patients, and at the same time, the symptoms of dyspnea and loss of appetite can be relieved. However, due to the low quality of the included literature, a high-quality, multi-center, large-sample, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial is needed to verify. *Correspondence to: Qing Ren, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, E-mail: renqing@hku.hk
Influência da resolução espacial de imagens orbitais na identificação de elementos da paisagem em Altamira-PA

TM/Landsat 5 images (TM1-TM5 and TM7 spectral bands) from Altamira PA, Brazil (07.20.1991) modified to 60, 100, 120, 200 and 250 m were utilized to evaluate the influence of the spatial resolution in the identification of Forest, Young secondary succession, Mature secondary succession and Non-forest. Thematic maps were made using the Bhattacharya (supervized) classification procedure, followed by visual interpretation. The area of each category was determined in each thematic map, using the 30 m spatial resolution as a reference. Mapping accuracy was evaluated using the Global accuracy, and the Kappa and Tau coefficients. It was found out that: a) the greatest area differences were observed in those maps derived from the 200 m spatial resolution images; b) those categories that dominated the scene spectrally and spatially, increased their influence as the spatial resolution decreased; c) the thematic maps from images with coarser spatial resolution than 200 m presented a slight confusion in map category identification, and d) the spectral confusion between the mapping categories did not present a linear tendency.
Von Willebrand factor, ADAMTS13 and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: allies in cancer-associated thrombosis and tumor progression?

Cancer and thrombotic events are strongly associated and von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a key role in these biological processes. Degradation by ADAMTS13 of ultralarge VWF multimers (UL-VWF) enriched in VWF is crucial to avoid their accumulation in blood resulting in thrombosis. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) represent a relatively new mechanism involved in cancer-associated thrombosis and metastases. Since levels of plasma VWF are significantly elevated in cancer patients and NETs DNA positively correlates with VWF and negatively with levels of ADAMTS13, here is highlighted how VWF, ADAMTS 13 and NETs can be correlated in cancer-associated thrombosis and tumor progression.
The Effect of Online Experience on Revisit Intention Mediated with Offline Experience and Brand Equity

The purpose of this research was analyzed the effect of offline experience on brand equity, the effect of online experience on brand equity, the effect of online experience on offline experience, the effect of offline experience on revisit intention, and the effect of brand equity on revisit intention. Theoretical models with hypothetical relationships are developed and tested with the help of structural equation model analysis procedures at AMOS. This study uses a questionnaire in collecting data from 250 respondents by distributing questionnaire instruments directly to five-star hotel guests in Bali and giving online questionnaires in the form of Google Docs as a research sample as respondents. The results of this study indicate that the effect of offline experience on brand equity, the effect of online experience on brand equity, the effect of online experience on offline experience, the effect of offline experience on revisit intention, and the effect of brand equity on revisit intention.
Secure and Efficient Identity-based Batch Verification Signature Scheme for ADS-B System

As a foundation of next-generation air transportation systems, automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast (ADS-B) helps pilots and air traffic controllers create a safer and more efficient national airspace system. Owing to the open communication environment, it is easy to insert fake aircraft into the system via spoofing or the insertion of false messages. Efforts have thus been made in academic research and practice in the aviation industry to ensure the security of transmission of messages of the ADS-B system. An identity-based batch verification (IBV) scheme was recently proposed to enhance the security and efficiency of the ADS-B system, but current IBV schemes are often too resource intensive because of the application of complex hash-to-point operations or bilinear pairing operations. In this paper, we propose a lightweight IBV signature scheme for the ADS-B system that is robust against adaptive chosen message attacks in the random oracle model, and ensures the security of batch message verification and against the replaying attack. The proposed IBV scheme needs only a small and constant number of point multiplication and point addition computations instead of hash-to-point or pairing operations. Detailed performance analyses were conducted to show that the proposed IBV scheme has clear advantages over prevalent schemes in terms of computational cost and transmission overhead.
Effects of MDMA on socioemotional feelings, authenticity, and autobiographical disclosure in healthy volunteers in a controlled setting

The drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”, “molly”) is a widely used illicit drug and experimental adjunct to psychotherapy. MDMA has unusual, poorly understood socioemotional effects, including feelings of interpersonal closeness and sociability. To better understand these effects, we conducted a within-subjects double-blind placebo controlled study of the effects of 1.5 mg/kg oral MDMA on social emotions and autobiographical disclosure in a controlled setting. MDMA displayed both sedative- and stimulant-like effects, including increased self-report anxiety. At the same time, MDMA positively altered evaluation of the self (i.e., increasing feelings of authenticity) while decreasing concerns about negative evaluation by others (i.e., decreasing social anxiety). Consistent with these feelings, MDMA increased how comfortable participants felt describing emotional memories. Overall, MDMA produced a prosocial syndrome that seemed to facilitate emotional disclosure and that appears consistent with the suggestion that it represents a novel pharmacological class.
A REDESCRIPTION OF ‘PLESIOCHELYS’ TATSUENSIS FROM THE LATE JURASSIC OF CHINA, WITH COMMENTS ON THE ANTIQUITY OF THE CROWN CLADE CRYPTODIRA

Abstract A reexamination of the holotype of ‘Plesiochelys’ tatsuensis Yeh, 1963, from the Late Jurassic of China, allows us to establish previously unknown characters of this species. A phylogenetic analysis places ‘P.’ tatsuensis on the stem of Trionychia, near the clades Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae. Given the hypothesized phylogenetic position of ‘P.’ tatsuensis, a new genus, Yehguia gen. nov., is erected for this species. The phylogenetic position of Y. tatsuensis pushes the origin of the crown clade Cryptodira into the Late Jurassic. This is remarkable in light of recent studies that moved the origin of crown group turtles (Testudines) from the Triassic to the Late Jurassic. This means that the establishment of basal cryptodiran lineages must have quickly followed the origin of Testudines in the Late Jurassic. The fact that the most ancient fossil Cryptodira is hypothesized to be on the stem of Trionychia is concordant with recent molecular hypotheses that place Trionychia as the most basal extant lineage of Cryptodira. Finally, our results further highlight that the Late Jurassic of China is important for understanding the earliest evolution of cryptodiran turtles.
Multi-Rate Low-Noise Optical Receiver Front-End

Conventional optical receivers are mostly optimized for single data rate. In this work, after examining conventional optical front-ends, we present the low-noise tunable front-end (LNTF) topology, which is able to achieve optimized noise performance at multiple data rates. In addition, colored noise optimization techniques including capacitive noise scaling and CMOS inverter based transimpedance amplifier (TIA) are also studied, which together with the LNTF form a low-noise design methodology for silicon photonics based CMOS optical receiver. Employing these techniques, the implemented 3D hybrid-integrated silicon photonics receiver achieves excellent noise performance of 0.91 μArms and 0.5 μArms input-referred noise current at 25 and 10 Gb/s, respectively, which enables high sensitivity of −14.6 dBm and −16.5 dBm OMA at BER = 10−12, correspondingly.
Nutrient Management in Rice-Wheat Sequence under Sodic Soil

Nutrient management is one of the major problems of the sodic soil due to low organic carbon status and toxicity of sodium, which reduced the availability of other nutrients and affects soil properties. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different nutrient management practices in sodic soil at research station Dalip Nagar, C.S. A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur during 2005–06 and 2006–2007. Results indicated that grain and straw yield and harvest index significantly increased in rice by the application of fertilizer on the soil test basis (100% STR). All the parameters further increased when 5 t ha−1 organic manures (FYM, pressmud and NADEP compost) were added along with recommended doses of fertilizers which was at par with 125% STR. Application of organic manures integrated with recommended dose of fertilizers and biofertilizers (PSB + BGA/Azotobacter) produced grain yield of rice and wheat (5.36 and 3.35 t ha−1, respectively) which was at par in comparison to 125% recommended dose of fertilizers (5.32 and 3.35 t ha−1, respectively). Similar trend was also recorded in nutrient uptake and apparent nutrient recovery in rice and wheat.
Control of Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) with the Parasitoid Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Vineyards

The control of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) has been mostly done with chemical insecticides and some selected natural enemies. However, these control methods are not popular because of the adverse effects of chemical controls and the unreliability of some natural enemies (Spalangia sp. and Pachycrepoideus sp.: Hyme- noptera: Pteromalidae). The generalist parasitoid, Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), has been used successfully for biological control of the house fly (Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)) pupae in poultry houses. Our study investigated the use of this parasitoid to control C. capitata in a vineyard. Parasitoids were released at rate of 5, 10, and 20 per m 2 in a vineyard and in laboratory cages to parasitize pupae of C. capitata and M. domestica, respectively, for 2 days. The number of killed pupae of both host pests increased with the number of released parasitoids in the field. The highest rate of 20releasedM.raptorresulted in 23.52%(±0.30 SE) killedpupae, respectively, for house fly and fruit fly. M. raptor parasitized indiscriminately host species of pupae and the daily oviposition rate was 4.9 (±0.07 SE) eggs per female. The parasitoid laid the same number of eggs as when released in poultry houses for the control of M. domestica. We conclude that M. raptor constitutes a promising biocontrol agent for the control of C. capitata in vineyards.
Effect of early weaning age on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum parameters of lambs

To determine the effect of a weaning program on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum parameters in Hu lambs, 48 newly born twin lambs (2.53 ± 0.13 kg; 24 male and 24 female) were randomly divided into four treatments: ewe reared (ER) or weaned at 10, 20, or 30 days post birth (EW10, EW20, and EW30) and fed milk replacer (MR). All liquid feed were eliminated at 60 days of age. Creep feed was offered ad libitum to all lambs from 15 to 90 days of age. The results indicated that lambs fed MR had higher liveweight, average daily gain, and creep feed intake (P 0.05) from 50 to 60 days of age. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus of EW20 and EW30 groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of EW10 and ER groups from 80 to 90 days of age. Lambs in the EW10 group had higher concentration of albumin, serum urea nitrogen, and immunoglobulin G levels than those of other groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, early weaning could improve creep intake, growth performance, and nutrient utilisation of Hu lambs. Early weaning age had a significant effect on the growth of lambs.
The roles of focal adhesion and cytoskeleton systems in fluid shear
stress-induced endothelial cell response

Focal adhesions are polyproteins linked to extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton, which play an important role in the process of transforming force signals into intracellular chemical signals and subsequently triggering related physiological or pathological reactions. The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm, which is composed of microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, and cross-linked proteins. It is a very important structure for cells to maintain their basic morphology. This review summarizes the process of fluid shear stress transduction mediated by focal adhesion and the key role of the cytoskeleton in this process, which focuses on the focal adhesion and cytoskeleton systems. The important proteins involved in signal transduction in focal adhesion are introduced emphatically. The relationship between focal adhesion and mechanical transduction pathways are discussed. In this review, we discuss the relationship between fluid shear stress and associated diseases such as atherosclerosis, as well as its role in clinical research and drug development.
A Method for Reducing the Performance Gap Between Non-Coherent and Coherent Sub-Arrays

We consider the problem of estimating the angles of arrival (AOAs) of multiple sources from a single snapshot obtained by a set of non-coherent sub-arrays, i.e., while the antenna elements in each sub-array are coherent, each sub-array observes a different unknown phase offset. Previous relevant works are based on eigendecomposition of the sample covariance, which requires a large number of snapshots, or on combining the sub-arrays using non-coherent processing. In this paper, we propose a technique to estimate the sub-arrays phase offsets for a given AOAs hypothesis, which facilitates approximate maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the AOAs from a single snapshot. We derive the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the problem at hand, and analytically show that for a single source it may suffice to use a simple non-coherent AOA estimation. However, as we demonstrate by computer simulations, for multiple sources the proposed approach clearly outperforms the non-coherent estimator, and even attains the CRLB in various scenarios. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed method is often close to the performance of MLE in the coherent case, and the gap between the estimators is unavoidable, as implied by the gap between the CRLB for the coherent and non-coherent cases.
Development of Python-based Annotation Tool Program for Constructing Object Recognition Deep-Learning Model

본 논문에서는 물체인식 딥러닝 모델 생성에 필요한 라벨링(Labeling)과정에서 사용자가 다양한 기능을 활용하여 효과적인 학습 데이터를 구성할 수 있는 GUI 프로그램을 구현했다. 프로그램의 인터페이스는 파이썬 기반의 GUI 모듈인 Tkinter 를 활용하여, 실시간으로 이미지 데이터를 수집할 수 있는 크롤링(Crawling)기능과 미리 학습된 Retinanet 을 통해 이미지 데이터를 인식함으로써 자동으로 주석(Annotation) 과정을 수행할 수 있는 기능을 구성했다. 또한, 수집한 이미지 데이터를 다양한 효과와 노이즈, 변형 등으로 Augmentation 기능을 추가함으로써, 사용자가 모델을 학습하기 위한 데이터 전처리 단계를 하나의 GUI 프로그램에서 수행할 수 있도록 했다. 또한 사용자가 직접 학습한 모델을 추정 모델(Inference Model)로 변환하여 프로그램에 입력할 수 있도록 설계한다.
Compatibility Relationships in Distylous Bluets: Houstonia serpyllifolia and H. longifolia (Rubiaceae)

Abstract We performed hand-pollinations to assess the compatibility of crosses within and between long-styled (pin) and short-styled (thrum) morphs of Houstonia serpyllifolia and H. longifolia. For both species, percentage fruit-set and seed-set per capsule were significantly higher following intermorph (legitimate) than intramorph (illegitimate) crosses, as expected for distylous species. Fruit-set was significantly higher for intramorph crosses than for unpollinated controls, but seed-set did not differ significantly between the two treatments. Fruit-set in intramorph crosses was 10% to 28% of that in intermorph crosses. In the case of H. serpyllifolia, we suspect that intramorph fruit-set may have been due to the transfer of some compatible pollen by thrips. Crosses were also made between H. longifolia and H. purpurea, a co-occurring species that also belongs to subgenus Chamisme. Fruit-set and seed-set per fruit in interspecific crosses were not significantly lower than those in intraspecific crosses, but most of the seeds were small or immature and probably inviable. We conclude that H. serpyllifolia and H. longifolia express the heteromorphic genetic incompatibility typical of distylous species.
Original Article EFFECTS OF PROBIOTICS AND SPIRULINA SUPPLEMENTATION ON HAEMATO-IMMUNOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF CATLA CATLA

A growing concern for the high consumption of antibiotics in aquaculture has initiated a search for alternative methods of disease control. Improved resistance against infectious diseases can be achieved by the use of probiotics. An experiment was conducted to determine the hemato-immunomodulatory role of Indian Major Carp Catla catla, fingerlings for period of 105 days. In the present study to investigate the effects of probiotics and spirulina on hemato-immunomodulatory role in common carp (Catla catla). Two probiotic organisms (the bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and a single cell protein (Spirulina maximus) were incorporated into diets at concentrations of 1%, 2%, or 3%. The control diet contained no supplement. Spirulina maximus at 3% produced the best and statistically significant (p<0.01) in hematological parameters RBC (1.32±0.08), WBC (8100±550.8), Hb (6.12±0.41), PCV (16.94±1.15), MCV (128.33±0.87), MCH (46.36±3.15) and MCHC (36.12±2.45) and the immunological parameters Lymphocyte (50.21±3.41), Lysosome activity (82.82±5.63), Monocytes (52±3.53), Alternate Complement Pathway (ACP) (128±0.87), IgM (7.21±0.49), Phagocytic Index (2.21±0.15) and Phagocytic activity (PA) (25.68±1.74) compared to other probiotic diets and control. The present investigation shows that incorporation of a probiotic and spirulina in diets for common carp results in increased hematological and immunological performance. Spirulina diets were most effective in stimulating immunity.
Singularity Cancellation for Accurate MoM Analysis of Periodic Planar Structures in Layered Media

One of the singularity cancellation schemes proposed in the literature is applied to calculate singular integrals arising in the method of moments (MoM) analysis of 2-D periodic planar structures in multilayered media. Discrete complex image method is utilized for the accurate approximation of Green's function which also makes possible the application of the Ewald transformation for the efficient computation of the series associated with the periodic structure. This approximation and transformation modifies the kernel of the integral appearing in the computation of the MoM matrix entries. Formulation of the problem for this new kernel is presented together with numerical results demonstrating the achieved accuracy.