Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aromatic rescue of glycine in beta sheets.

BACKGROUND Glycine is an intrinsically destabilizing residue in beta sheets. In natural proteins, however, this destabilization can be 'rescued' by specific cross-strand pairing with aromatic residues. Here, we present an experimental study of this effect. RESULTS Protein variants containing glycine and aromatic residues positioned across beta strands in both antiparallel and parallel orientations were studied. The pairing of glycine and phenylalanine across antiparallel strands resulted in a synergistic increase in protein stability. Dramatic differences in stability were observed for the parallel beta-sheet mutants, which were dependent upon the type of site occupied by glycine as well as the type of aromatic residue with which it was cross-strand paired. CONCLUSIONS Experimental results from a series of mutants suggest a thermodynamic benefit for glycine-aromatic pairing across antiparallel beta strands, consistent with the prevalence of such pairs in natural proteins. We also demonstrate the specificity of glycine-aromatic interactions across parallel beta strands, which defines strand register.
Digital technologies in occupational therapy and physiotherapy undergraduate and postgraduate education: a scoping review protocol

Review question and objective: How have digital technologies been used in occupational therapy and physiotherapy undergraduate and postgraduate education? Specifically, the objective of this scoping review is to present an overview of research on the use of digital technologies in terms of type of digital technology used, pedagogy associated with the use of digital technology, subject/topic/area of application, experiences/perception of digital technology used, outcomes of the digital technology used and challenges to the use of digital technologies in occupational therapy and physiotherapy undergraduate and postgraduate education.
Analysis of closure of the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatic resection.

BACKGROUND The appropriate management of the pancreatic remnant following distal pancreatic resection remains a clinically relevant problem. We carried out a retrospective analysis which focused on this issue and compared the two favored techniques of suture and staple closure. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-six patients underwent distal pancreatectomy between October 1999 and January 2006. The patients were retrospectively analysed based on the management of the remaining pancreatic gland. Thirty-seven patients had suture and nine patients had staple closure. The morbidity, mortality, incidence of pancreatic fistula, necessity of secondary surgical intervention, and the duration of hospital stay for the two groups were compared. Pancreatic fistula was considered according to the novel international standard definition (ISGPF). In addition, subgroup analysis of patients receiving octreotide was carried out. RESULTS Overall, postoperative morbidity due to pancreatic fistula occurred in seven patients (19%) after suture and in one patient (11%) after staple closure (p = 0.54), with no deaths. The number of patients with surgical revision related to pancreatic leakage was two (5%) after suture closure vs no revision after staple closure (p = 0.65). The median number of total hospital days for the suture group was 19 (range 7-78 days) vs 21 (range 12-96 days) for the stapler group (p = 0.21). No significant benefit for the octreotide application could be determined. CONCLUSION According to the data, no significant difference for either suture or stapler closure was observed, with the tendency for staple closure to be superior.
Genetics and Genomics of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease and Its Endophenotypes

Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in western societies. Despite remarkable achievements in human genetics over the years, in particular, technological advances in gene mapping and in statistical methods, to date only a small proportion of the genetic contribution to Alzheimer's disease can be explained. One reason for the difficulty in gene identification is that Alzheimer's disease is a complex disorder in which multiple genes with small individual effects as well as environmental factors are likely to contribute to disease risk as well as the various quantitative traits associated with the disease such as age-of-onset, cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, amyloid/tau pathology, or structural brain changes. Identifying the genetic factors modulating changes in these individual endophenotypes would help elucidate disease pathogenesis. In this special issue on genetics and genomics of Alzheimer's disease and its endophenotypes, we have invited a few papers that address this issue. The first two articles address the impact of APOE genotype, the best established Alzheimer's disease susceptibility gene, on neuropsychiatric endophenotypes associated with Alzheimer's disease including psychosis, late-life depression, anxiety, apathy, hallucinations, agitation, and aggressiveness. The third paper examines the effect of an intron 7 polymorphism in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) on the age of onset of Alzheimer's disease in persons with Down syndrome. The fourth and fifth papers explore mechanisms modulating components of the amyloid cascade pathway, focusing, in particular, on the APP intracellular domain (AICD), which is an end product of the proteolytic cleavage of APP by β- and γ-secretase. In the first of these two papers, Ansaloni et al. evaluated the effect of NTRK2 which encodes the TrkB receptor on APP metabolism and AICD levels. TrkB is a member of the tyrosine kinase receptor family and binds specifically to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The paper reports on the effects of different TrkB isoforms on APP metabolism in the human neuroblastoma cell line. In the other paper, Raychaudhuri et al. examined the impact of overexpression of AICD on expression of proteins that are part of pathways involved in neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration. Finally, the sixth paper reviews the findings of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that tested whether SNPs in the top-ranked Alzheimer's disease-related candidate genes were associated with various brain imaging endophenotypes including the volumes of the temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdale, and frontal lobe, as well as grey matter density, entorhinal cortex thickness, and white matter integrity. In addition, this article discusses multigene and more complex genetic models as a means to identify genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease. Christiane Reitz Ekaterina Rogaeva Tatiana Foroud Lindsay A. Farrer
Overexpression of L-Arabinose Isomerase for Production of the Low-Calorie Bulk Sweetener D-Tagatose

High-Cell-Density Cultivations show a huge potential to produce recombinant proteins to amounts greatly exceeding the availability in natural resources. An interesting example of a recombinant protein is an L-arabinose isomerase, which is able to convert D-galactose to the low-caloric and low-glycaemic bulk sweetener D-tagatose. Within this study, the L-arabinose isomerase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus was expressed intracellularly in Escherichia coli. The cultivation medium contained glucose, yeast extract and various macro- and micronutrients. The effect of air flow rate on E. coli growth and expression of L-arabinose isomerase was studied. After 52 hours, an Optical Density and Dry Cell Weight of 154 ± 4 and 54.8 ± 1.3 g L-1 were reached, respectively by regulating the air flow rate between 0.2 and 30 L min-1. A corresponding L-arabinose isomerase activity of 6.99 ± 0.46 U mL-1 was reached. A drawback of High-Cell-Density Cultivation is the production of the by-product acetic acid which may inhibit growth. However, the acetic acid concentration was maintained as low as possible during fermentation to avoid inhibitory effects inherent to this compound. With the L-arabinose isomerase produced, a conversion percentage of 37.1 ± 1.5% was achieved, corresponding to 94.9 ± 3.7 g L-1 D-tagatose. Thus, the implementation of a High-Cell- Density Cultivation led to an efficient expression of the L-arabinose isomerase enzyme and D-tagatose production. Also the storage stability of the cells was investigated during several months at 4°C. A stable L-arabinose isomerase enzyme was noticed during at least 8 months storage at 4°C.
Transgenerational Views on the Success and the Future Development of Family Firms in Slovenia

Family businesses represent 60-80% of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Slovenia and many of them are approaching the process of succession in the next 5-10 years. This process depends on the values of both founding and succeeding generations. The aim of our study is to investigate transgenerational differences in values, attitudes and behaviours of the founders and their successors (family memebrs). Our study has revealed quite a different structure of life-oriented values, while business-oriented values are similar among generations. Also, the attitudes towards different aspects of family and business are quite similar, although the succeeding generation expresses desire for more freedom in its decision to join the family business or not. While generally the transgenerational differences in values, attitudes and behaviors do not seem to hinder the succession process seriously, these differences have to be taken into account by family business advisors in order to properly structure the succession process to the benefit of all stakeholders.
Epidemiology of a Mumps Outbreak in a Highly Vaccinated Island Population and Use of a Third Dose of Measles–Mumps–Rubella Vaccine for Outbreak Control—Guam 2009 to 2010

Background: Despite high 2-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage, a large mumps outbreak occurred on the US Territory of Guam during 2009 to 2010, primarily in school-aged children. Methods: We implemented active surveillance in April 2010 during the outbreak peak and characterized the outbreak epidemiology. We administered third doses of MMR vaccine to eligible students aged 9–14 years in 7 schools with the highest attack rates (ARs) between May 18, 2010, and May 21, 2010. Baseline surveys, follow-up surveys and case-reports were used to determine mumps ARs. Adverse events postvaccination were monitored. Results: Between December 1, 2009, and December 31, 2010, 505 mumps cases were reported. Self-reported Pohnpeians and Chuukese had the highest relative risks (54.7 and 19.7, respectively) and highest crowding indices (mean: 3.1 and 3.0 persons/bedroom, respectively). Among 287 (57%) school-aged case-patients, 270 (93%) had ≥2 MMR doses. A third MMR dose was administered to 1068 (33%) eligible students. Three-dose vaccinated students had an AR of 0.9/1000 compared with 2.4/1000 among students vaccinated with ⩽2 doses >1 incubation period postintervention, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.67). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This mumps outbreak occurred in a highly vaccinated population. The highest ARs occurred in ethnic minority populations with the highest household crowding indices. After the third dose MMR intervention in highly affected schools, 3-dose recipients had an AR 60% lower than students with ⩽2 doses, but the difference was not statistically significant and the intervention occurred after the outbreak peaked. This outbreak may have persisted due to crowding at home and high student contact rates.
Multiple primary cancers of the colon, breast and skin (melanoma) as models for polygenic cancers

To assess the role of family history in the development of multiple primary cancer, the Swedish Family‐Cancer Database was used to analyze second primary cancer in patients born in 1935 to 1996 with an initial primary cancer of the colon, breast and skin (melanoma) by familial cancer in first‐degree relatives. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated from site‐, sex‐ and age‐specific rates for all persons (offspring) born in 1935 to 1996. Familial risk (SIR) was calculated for the first and second primary cancers in offspring. A Poisson regression analysis was also performed to assess the risk factors for occurrence of second primary cancer. The familial proportion of multiple primary cancers was 29.0% (9/31) for colon, 16.3% (122/747) for female breast and 14.5% (17/117) for melanoma. Compared with all offspring, patients with family history were at a much higher and significantly increased risk for subsequent primary cancer at colon (SIR = 59.1), skin (SIR = 48.2) and female breast (SIR = 7.9). The corresponding SIRs in patients without family history were 13.8, 10.5 and 5.2 at the three sites. The ratios for incidence of second primary to first primary were highest when diagnosis age was less than 40 years. A Poisson regression analysis showed that family history was one of the major risk factors for occurrence of multiple primary cancers at colon, breast and skin. The high risk of second cancer, even in the absence of family history, would be consistent with a polygenic model of carcinogenesis. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Phosphatase Subunit Tap42 Functions Independently of Target of Rapamycin to Regulate Cell Division and Survival in Drosophila

The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit Tap42 is essential for target of rapamycin (TOR)-mediated signaling in yeast, but its role in higher eukaryotes has not been established. Here we show that Tap42 does not contribute significantly to TOR signaling in Drosophila, as disruption of the Tap42 gene does not cause defects in cell growth, metabolism, or S6-kinase activity characteristic of TOR inactivation. In addition, Tap42 is not required for increased cell growth in response to activation of TOR signaling. Instead, we find that Tap42 mutations cause disorganization of spindle microtubules in larval neuroblasts, leading to a preanaphase mitotic arrest in these cells. Loss of Tap42 ultimately results in increased JNK signaling, caspase activation, and cell death. These phenotypes are associated with increased accumulation and nuclear localization of PP2A in Tap42 mutant cells. Our results demonstrate that the role of Tap42 in TOR signaling has not been conserved in higher eukaryotes, indicating fundamental differences in the mechanisms of TOR signaling between yeast and higher eukaryotes.
Issues in Financial Accounting

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SOCIAL CLASS AND BUYING BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY ON DHAKA CITY

Although literature supports the effect of social class on buying behavior, little research exists regarding buying behavior of different social classes in Dhaka city. Dhaka is a growing South-East Asian city and keeps high importance in the socio-economic sector of the region. Present study aimed to generate insights about the buying behavior of different social classes in Dhaka city through a qualitative study comprised of 10 depth interviews and 5 focus group discussions. Research findings provided that social classes strikingly differ in terms of expenditure in areas like food, clothing, dwelling, leisure, treatment and saving.
Contingent Capital: Pricing and Risks

This paper shows how the credit risk of CoCos materially differs from the credit risk of other defaultable securities, allowing us to replicate them with a portfolio of risk-free bonds and equity derivatives. We use a stochastic volatility model with jumps (SVJ) calibrated on credit and volatility data to compute the value of a traded CoCo. Using this model, we show how to extract new information-content about a bank from CoCo prices, computing an implied stock price trigger. From this perspective, we price a real-world CoCo and observe a potential mispricing. We analyse CoCos’ payoff profile, explaining why they carry significant endogenous risk. Finally, we discuss why they might not be suitable for many traditional fixed-income investors.
Effect of Discounting on the Brand Image

Brand image is the current view of the customers about a brand. It can be defined as a unique bundle of associations within the minds of target customers. It signifies what the brand presently stands for. It is a set of beliefs held about a specific brand. In short, it is nothing but the consumers’ perception about the product. It is the manner in which a specific brand is positioned in the market. Massy and Frank (1965) investigated the short term effects of temporary price discounts and found that both brand-loyal and non-loyal buyers responded to a discount promotion. Present research studied the effect of the discounting on the brand image by taking the garments brands of north India as sample. We did a survey of 100 samples from the different cities of the north Indian states Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. The tools we used for the analysis purpose are Descriptive statistics, Correlation, Regression, Anova and Chi square test.
Integration of distributed energy systems in micro-grid architecture for making a virtual power plant

This paper presents a novel concept for increasing the penetration level of distributed renewable energy systems into the main electricity grid. When increasing the renewable energy penetration, it is important to implement the frequency based power delivery in distributed generators and work as traditional synchronous generators. This can be achieved by improving the power processing unit of each renewable generation units to work as active generators. But in existing grid architecture, the grid frequency is controlled as one common variable over the electricity grid. With such a method, it is difficult to use frequency based power sharing in small distributed generators and participate in grid frequency control activities. In this proposed grid connected micro-grid architecture, the micro-grid is connected to the main-grid via back-to-back converter, which gives the facility to use distributed local frequency droop settings within the micro-grids and isolate the two AC grids via intermediate DC link. Frequency Droop control has been implemented in the micro-grid side of back to back converter. With this method, the small renewable generations in micro-grid can adjust their power level in response to the local frequency variations and sharing loads effectively while reducing the large power variations from the main-grid.
Elevated Plasma Pentraxin3 Levels and Its Association with Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate pentraxin3 (PTX3) levels in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (N-ARMD) and to investigate its role as a predictive biomarker. Methods: Thirty individuals with N-ARMD and 30 controls without N-ARMD were studied. Plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and PTX3 were measured in frozen samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: PTX3 concentration was 1341 ± 625 pg/mL (mean ± standard deviation) in N-ARMD patients, which was significantly higher than in control subjects (887 ± 478, p = 0.003). The mean CRP level was also significantly higher in N-ARMD (2121 ± 2300) than in control (748 ± 618, p = 0.004). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between PTX3 and CRP (r = 0.407, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Our data support the role of chronic inflammation in the development of ARMD. They also show PTX3 may contribute to efforts to understand pathogenesis of N-ARMD.
AGILE ENTERPRISE THAT SENSE THE MARKET WITH OPINION MINING ALGORITHM

The aim of this paper is to present the wasp based computational model and many applications of wasp based algorithms. A general frame for designing a wasp based algorithm, starting from the classical problem of task allocation in a factory, is realized. The most important characteristics of the wasp computational model are underlined and the way of particularization of these characteristics for each problem is presented. Original applications of wasp based algorithms in modeling multi agent systems, in solving optimization problems and in building a reinforcement scheme for a stochastic learning system are presented.
Relationship between Job Satisfaction & Job Stress Amongst Teachers & Managers

This study examines the relationship between Job Stress and Job Satisfaction amongst teachers and managers. Data was collected from 31 teachers and 34 managers in the NCR region. Results show no significant differences in Job Stress and Job Satisfaction of teachers and managers. However teachers experience low job Satisfaction and they face Job Stress while in case of managers the two do not seem to associate.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between mexiletine and propafenone in human beings

Mexiletine and propafenone are often used concomitantly and are metabolized by the same cytochrome P450 isozymes, namely CYP2D6, CYP1A2, and probably CYP3A4. Our objective was to study the potential pharmacokinetic and electrophysiological interactions between mexiletine and propafenone.
Institutional Structures of the Flexible Assignment of Personnel between Enterprises. an Economic Comparison of Temporary Agency Work, Interim Management and Consulting**

Temporary Agency Work, Interim Management and Consulting are three versions of the flexible assignment of personnel between enterprises, which are ? with regard to their basic economic structure - more or less similar, but which are organised under thoroughly different contractual and legal regulations in Germany and in three more or less differentiated segments of the market. The paper aims at comparing these forms of flexible personnel assignment under empirical and institutional aspects from an economic perspective.
Is there a suitable CRM framework to evaluate the effectiveness of CRM practices in the Singapore hotel industry

ii PART ONE 6 Introduction 6 Purpose 7 Statement of Problem 7 Justification 8 Constraints 8 PART TWO 9 Introduction 9 Literature Review 9 What is customer relationship management (CRM)? 9 Framework for implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of CRM practices. 11 Five generic inter-related process steps. 11 Strategic, operational or analytical CRM 12 CRM Value Chain 12 An integrated managerial approach. 12 CRM research in the hotel industry 13 CRM goals 16 Implementing CRM best practice using CRM value chain 17 Modified version of Buttle’s CRM value chain. 17 Five primary stages. 18 Four secondary supporting activities. 22
Audit Firm Concentration and Competition: Effects of Consolidation Since 1997

For many years, businesses, government regulators, and the public have expressed concern about the dominance of a few large public accounting firms in the audit market. Recent events have increased concern about the lack of competition in the auditing industry. Using market concentration measures we examine the level of competition among the remaining active audit firms before and after the merger between Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand and before and after the dissolution of Arthur Andersen. We also segment the audit market by auditor and client size and examine the effects of the consolidating events from these perspectives. We find that concentration did indeed increase after both events but, in most instances, decreased in the years between those two events. However, the remaining Big Four audit firms continue to dominate the market for audits of publicly held companies, particularly audits of large firms. We also find that, while some segments of the audit market are highly concentrated, there are a few segments that are relatively competitive.