Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential feeding habitat of fin whales in the western Mediterranean Sea: an environmental niche model

The development of synoptic tools is required to derive the potential habitat of fin whales Balaenoptera physalus on a large-scale basis in the Mediterranean Sea, as the species has a largely unknown distribution and is at high risk of ship strike. We propose a foraging habitat model for fin whales in the western Mediterranean Sea relying on species ecology for the choice of predictors. The selected environmental variables are direct predictors and resource predictors available at daily and basin scales. Feeding habitat was determined mainly from the simultaneous occurrence of large oceanic fronts of satellite-derived sea-surface chlorophyll content (chl a) and temperature (SST). A specific range of surface chl a content (0.11 to 0.39 mg m �3 ) and a minimum water depth (92 m) were also identified to be important regional criteria. Daily maps were cali- brated and evaluated against independent sets of fin whale sightings (presence data only). Spe- cific chl a fronts represented the main predictor of feeding environment; therefore, derived habitat is a potential, rather than effective, habitat, but is functionally linked to a proxy of its resource (chl a production of fronts). The model performs well, with 80% of the presence data <9.7 km from the predicted potential habitat. The computed monthly, seasonal and annual maps of potential feed- ing habitat from 2000 to 2010 correlate, for the most part, with current knowledge on fin whale ecology. Overall, fin whale potential habitat occurs frequently during summer in dynamic areas of the general circulation, and is substantially more spread over the basin in winter. However, the results also displayed high year-to-year variations (40 to 50%), which are essential to consider when assessing migration patterns and recommending protection and conservation measures.
Optical and Gas Sensing Properties of Cuo Nanoparticles Grown by Spray Pyrolysis of Cupric Nitrate Solution

CuO nanoparticles were deposited by spray pyrolysis using aqueous cupric nitrate solution at substrate temperature 473K. The film grown at 473K showed a powder-like, non-oriented polycrystalline structure when they were converted afterwards to CuO by annealing. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of CuO nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscope analysis indicated that the as-synthesized particles are nanoparticles with an average particle size of 6nm. In addition to this, the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was employed to the resulting product to study its optical properties. Carbon dioxide gas sensing characteristics such as sensing response, operating temperature, transient response and stability was also reported. 
Substituting maize grain with barley grain in concentrates fed to Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pasture

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of substituting maize grain with barley grain in the diet of lactating Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pasture. Sixty Jersey cows were blocked in terms of number of days in milk, lactation number, milk yield and live weight and randomly assigned to one of five treatments (n = 12). The five treatments consisted of concentrate mixtures (12 MJ ME per kg/dry matter (DM), 130 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM) containing maize grain and barley grain at ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. The cows received 6 kg (as fed basis) of the concentrate mixture a day, 3 kg during morning milking and 3 kg during afternoon milking. The investigation was conducted over a period of 42 days (14-day adaptation and 28-day measurement period). The cows strip-grazed an irrigated kikuyu-ryegrass pasture (157 ± 17.7 g DM/kg; 202 ± 42.6 g CP/kg DM; 447 ± 40.3 g neutral detergent fibre/kg DM). Milk yields were recorded daily. Milk samples were collected weekly and analyzed for milk fat and protein content. Body condition scores and live weights were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. Milk production four weeks prior to the experiment was used as co-variate. The cows receiving the concentrate mixture containing an equal proportion of maize and barley grain (50:50) produced significantly more milk (17.0 kg/day) than those receiving the concentrate mixtures containing pure maize grain (15.7 kg/day) or pure barley grain (14.9 kg/day). Milk fat percentage, milk fat yield, protein percentage, live weight change and body condition score were not affected when barley grain substituted maize grain in the concentrate mixture. These results suggested that barley grain could be a successful substitute for maize grain in concentrates fed to Jersey cows grazing cultivated pasture in the Southern Cape region of South Africa. South African Journal of Animal Science Vol. 36(3) 2006: 175-180
Seasonal variation of gross nitrification rates at three differently treated long-term fertilisations sites

The formation of nitrate (nitrification) in soils is an important process that influences the form of N available for plant uptake and the potential off-site N losses. Gross nitrification is one of the main sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) from soils. A field experiment was designed to verify the idea that gross nitrification rates in soils 5 can be readily predicted by a model approach where seasonal variability is described only by soil moisture and soil temperature and the magnitude of gross nitrification is controlled by the soil organic matter (SOM). Gross nitrification rates were measured by a Barometric Process Separation (BaPS), first described by Ingwersen et al. (1999). The BaPS measurements were validated 10 with the commonly used N pool dilution technique measurements at six times. In general, the rates determined from both measurement approaches were in the same order of magnitude and showed a good correlation. The effects of three different fertilisations (mineral fertiliser, manure and the control) over more than 100 years on gross nitrification rates were investigated. During 2004 15 soil probes from the long-term “static fertilisation experiment” at Bad Lauchstädt were sampled weekly and were measured in the laboratory under field conditions and subsequently under standardised conditions (16◦C soil temperature and −30 kPa matrix potential) with the Barometric Process Separation system (BaPS). Gross nitrification rates determined by the BaPS-method under field conditions showed a high tempo20 ral variability and ranged from 5 to 77μg N h−1 kg−1 dry mass, 2 to 74μg N h−1 kg−1 dry mass and 0 to 49μg N h−1 kg−1 dry mass with respect to manure, mineral fertiliser and control. The annual average was 0.32, 0.26 and 0.18 g N a−1 kg−1 dry mass for the manure site, mineral fertiliser site and control site, respectively. On all sites gross nitrification revealed a strong seasonal dynamic. Three different methods (a tempera25 ture and soil moisture dependency model from Recous et al., 1998, a multiple linear regression and the method proposed in this paper) were applied for reproducing the measured results. On the manure site 78% to 80%, on the mineral fertiliser site 66%
Quality and Value of Chinese Patenting: An International Perspective

This paper presents a novel analysis of the international dimension of the rapid growth of Chinese patenting and advances an econometric model to scrutinize the determinants of patent granting, prior-art searches, opposition to patents granted, and patent renewal decisions. Our results provide support for the “strategic patenting” hypothesis on the lower value and quality of Chinese patents compared to other patents on average, though a few caveats are in order. On the one hand, I find that the probability of grant for foreign multinational firms is negative although their patents are relative strong regarding the prior art. The low value effect on opposition and renewal decision is moderate. On the other hand, for Chinese indigenous patenting, I do not find ample evidence that there is lower probability of grant, but I do find support that these patents lack adequate prior art research, receive more oppositions, and have shorter renewal life cycle compared to other Chinese patents and other patents on average. The size and experience of the patent owner positively mediate these effects. Hence, the findings are consistent with the assumption that large and younger patenters concentrated in a few industries are responsible for the bulk of strategic patenting.
The Immune Regulatory Role of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Treatment on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Although a great progress has been made in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the 5-year overall survival rate (OS) remains unsatisfactory (approximately 15%). Recently, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells treat- ment as an adoptive immunotherapy has great promises in the scenario of potential new approaches for the treatment of lung tumors. Adaptive and innate cellular immunity are all important for inhibiting tumor growth and the clearance of cancer. The abilities to efficiently kill tumor cells and promote immune responses are the ultimate basic abil - ity requested to CIK cells treatment. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the immunoregulation of CIK cells treatment in NSCLC patients to provide an objective reference for clinical decision-making.
Consumer city or production city? Market areas and density effects in the Netherlands

Using detailed Dutch grid cell data we investigate the elasticity between population and amenities in the Netherlands for both employment and number of establishments. We do so by applying various econometric techniques (including fixed effects and a multilevel modeling approach, where the various levels represent grid cell and municipality levels). We find that municipalities differ in their elasticities between population and amenities, but differ significantly more across types of amenities. Moreover, elasticities are significantly higher for employment figures than for the number of establishments, which might point to a domination of internal scale economies over external scale economies.
2 The Early Years : Fractions and Balanced Arrays

J. N. Srivastava was a tremendously productive statistical researcher for five decades. He made significant contributions in many areas of statistics, including multivariate analysis and sampling theory. A constant throughout his career was the attention he gave to problems in discrete experimental design, where many of his best known publications are found. This paper focuses on his design work, tracing its progression, recounting his key contributions and ideas, and assessing its continuing impact. A synopsis of his design-related editorial and organizational roles is also included. MSC 2000 subject classification. 62K15.
Competing Values in the Culinary Arts and Hospitality Industry

It is important that education and training programmes align with the needs of the professions they are designed to support. The culinary arts and hospitality industry is a vocational area that needs to be examined more closely to ensure that the skills and competencies taught are those that will actually be needed when students matriculate from career preparation programmes. This study compared the self-assessed leadership roles and managerial competencies of hospitality students and hospitality management professionals in employment. Using the Competing Values Framework (CVF) as a theoretical framework, eight leadership roles and 24 managerial competencies were examined in an effort to identify similarities and differences between the two groups. The authors found limited significant differences between the perceptions of the two groups; overall, the ranking of leadership roles and managerial competencies by the two populations were very similar. Implications for academic culinary arts and hospitality programmes are also presented, together with recommendations for future inquiry.
Stochastic modeling of flow and conservative transport in three-dimensional discrete fracture networks

Abstract. This study presents the stochastic Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to assess the uncertainty of flow and conservative transport in 3-D discrete fracture networks (DFNs). The MCS modeling workflow involves a number of developed modules, including a DFN generator, a DFN mesh generator, and a finite element model for solving steady-state flow and conservative transport in 3-D DFN realizations. The verification of the transport model relies on the comparison of transport solutions obtained from HYDROGEOCHEM model and an analytical model. Based on 500 DFN realizations in the MCS, the study assesses the effects of fracture intensities on the variation of equivalent hydraulic conductivity and the exhibited behaviors of concentration breakthrough curves (BTCs) in fractured networks. Results of the MCS show high variations in head and Darcy velocity near the specified head boundaries. There is no clear stationary region obtained for the head variance. However, the transition zones of nonstationarity for x-direction Darcy velocity is obvious, and the length of the transition zone is found to be close to the value of the mean fracture diameter for the DFN realizations. The MCS for DFN transport indicates that a small sampling volume in DFNs can lead to relatively high values of mean BTCs and BTC variations.
Forward Modelling And Inversion of Multi-Source TEM Data

We present a practical formulation for forward modeling and inverting time domain data arising from multiple transmitters. The underpinning of our procedure is the ability to factor the forward modeling matrix and then solve our system using direct methods. We first formulate Maxwell’s equations in terms of the magnetic field, H to provide a symmetric forward modeling operator. The problem is discretized using a finite volume technique in space and a backward Euler in time. The MUMPS software package is used to carry out a Cholesky decomposition of the forward operator, with the work distributed over an array of processors. The forward modeling is then quickly carried out using the factored operator. The time savings are considerable and they make the simulations of large ground or airborne data sets feasible and greatly increase our abilities to solve the 3D electromagnetic inverse problem in a reasonable time. The ability to use direct methods also greatly enhances our ability to carry out survey design problems.
User-inspired design methodology using Affordance Structure Matrix (ASM) for construction projects

Traditionally, design phase of construction projects is often performed with incomplete and inaccurate user preferences. This is due to inefficiencies in the methodologies used for capturing the user requirements that can subsequently lead to inconsistencies and result in non-optimised end-result. Iterations and subsequent reworks due to such design inefficiencies is one of the major reasons for unsuccessful project delivery as they impact project performance measures such as time and cost among others. The existing design theories and practice are primarily based on functional requirements. Function-based design deals with design of artifact alone, which may yield favourable or unfavourable consequences with the design artifact. However, incorporating other interactions such as interactions between user & designer is necessary for optimised end-result. Hence, the objective of this research work is to devise a systematic design methodology considering all the three interactions among users, designers and artefacts for improved design efficiency. In this study, it has been attempted to apply the theory of affordances in a case project that involves the design of an offshore facility. A step-by-step methodology for developing Affordance Structure Matrix (ASM), which integrates House of Quality (HOQ) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM), is proposed that can effectively capture the user requirements. HOQ is a popular quality management tool for capturing client requirements and DSM is a matrix-based tool that can capture the interdependency among the design entities. The proposed methodology utilises the strengths of both the tools, as DSM compliments HOQ in the process. In this methodology, different affordances such as AUA (Artifact-User-Affordance), AAA (Artifact-Artifact-Affordance) and DDA (Designer-Designer-Affordance) are captured systematically. Affordance is considered to be user-driven in this context that is in contrast to prevailing design methodologies. The initial feedback from industry on the proposed ASM-based design methodology is encouraging.
THE REGIONAL CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE CONCRETE IN ASIA : 1 CASE STUDIES IN MONGOLIA AND SINGAPORE 2 3

Title Understanding the regional context of sustainable concrete in Asia: Case studies in Mongolia and Singapore Author(s) Henry, Michael; Kato, Yoshitaka Citation Resources conservation and recycling, 82, 86-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec. 2013.10. 012 Issue Date 2014-01 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/55635 Type article (author version) File Information mwhenry rcr sust con mong sing manuscript_revised. pdf
Reconstruction of the Cenozoic History of Hydrocarbon Fluids from Rifting Stage to Passive Continental Margin Stage in the Huizhou Sag, the Pearl River Mouth Basin

The Eocene lacustrine sediments are the primary source rocks in the Huizhou Sag of the Pear River Mouth Basin. This study employs basin modeling for four representative wells and two profiles in the Huizhou Sag to reconstruct the process of generation, expulsion, migration, and accumulation of hydrocarbon fluids. The Eocene source rocks started to generate hydrocarbon at 33.9 Ma and are currently in a mid-mature and postmature stage. Hydrocarbons are mainly expelled from the Eocene Wenchang Fm, and the contribution of the Eocene Enping formation is minor. Under the driving forces of buoyancy and excess pressure, major hydrocarbons sourced from the Eocene source rocks firstly migrated laterally to the adjacent Eocene reservoirs during the postrift stage, then vertically via faults to Oligo-Miocene carrier beds, and finally laterally to the structural highs over a long distance during the Pliocene-Quaternary Neotectonic stage, which is controlled by both structural morphology and heterogeneity of carrier beds. Fault is the most important conduit for hydrocarbon fluid migration during the Neotectonic stage. Reactivation of previous faults and new-formed faults caused by the Dongsha Movement (9.8–4.4 Ma) served as vertical migration pathways after 10.0 Ma, which significantly influenced the timing of hydrocarbon accumulation in the postrift traps.
Genotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Alpha-thrin, Efekto virikop and Springbok to onion root tip cells

The pesticides, chlorpyrifos, Alpha-thrin, Efekto virikop and springbok were assessed for cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in the onion root tip assay. Onion seeds were germinated on moistened filter paper in petri dish at room temperature until radicles appeared. Germinated seeds were exposed to three concentrations of each pesticide for 20 h. About 1 – 2 mm length of root tip was cut, fixed in acetic alcohol, washed in ice cold water, hydrolyzed in warm 1 N HCl, stained with aceto-carmine and squashed on glass slide. For each treatment, about 3000 cells were scored and classified into interphase and normal or aberrant division stage. Cytotoxicity was determined by comparing the mitotic index (MI) of treated cells with that of the negative control. The MI of cells treated with chlorpyrifos, Alpha-thrin or springbok was half or less, that of the control at one or more doses and adjudged cytotoxic. Efekto virikop was not cytotoxic. Genotoxicity was measured by comparing the number of cells/1000 in aberrant division stages at each dose with the negative control using the Mann- Whitney test. Chlorpyrifos was genotoxic (P induced lagging chromosomes. Alpha-thrin was not genotoxic.
THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL MUSHY ZONE PARAMETERS ON THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE STEFAN PROBLEM

SUMMARY The solidification of pure metals and eutectic alloys proceed at the constant temperature (the Stefan problem). From the numerical point of view the solution of this task is very complex and in literature one can find the procedures enabling to avoid the difficulties with the direct modelling of the problem discussed. The part of them consist in the substitution of the solidification point T* on the certain interval [T*-T, T*+T]. In this way the subdomain of artificial mushy zone (AMZ) is introduced and the fixed domain approach [1, 2, 3] can be used. In the paper the analysis of AMZ assumed parameters on the results of solidification process simulation is presented. On the stage of numerical computations the generalized FDM has been applied.
Farmers' Goals and Efficiency in the Production of Sugar Cane: The Philippine Case

This research evaluated the link between Philippine Sugar cane farmersJ goals, values and attitudes (and some selected efficiency-related variables) with production efficiency. The analysis was based on both information from informal interviews and formal primary data collection. The Data Envelopment Analysis technique was used to determine the relative efficiencies of individual farmers and to identify the major factors that influence the efficiency of production. Pure technical, scale, overall technical, allocative and economic efficiency measures were derived for the sample of sugar cane farmers from the Central Negros area, The Philippines. Under the specification of variable returns to scale (VRS), the mean pure technical, scale, overall technical, allocative and economic efficiency indices were 0.7580, 0.9884, 0.7298, 0.7941 and 0.6025, respectively. The farmers' characteristics and their associations with goals and attitudes were determined. The result shows that 'per cent of land owned' is correlated with farmers' decision-making and thus their production efficiency. The study was unique in that it incorporated the farmers' values and attitudes towards farming and production efficiency. The Bootstrap regression method was used to determine the factors affecting the variations in farmers' efficiency. Factors positively associated with production efficiency include farm experience, exposure to extension and off-farm work; for goals and attitudes the intrinsic independence goal, the instrumental aspects of farming, leisure orientation, optimistic attitude, and risk consciousness were all associated with efficiency. The key policy options that must be considered for addressing inefficiencies include education and extension advice, developing the importance of the instrumental aspects of farming, developing group (block) farming as well as farmers' and millers' cooperatives, improved access to credit and improved technology (with emphasis on soil and fertiliser management and the use of improved varieties).