Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual Cryptography Scheme for Secret Image Retrieval

: In multimedia system, first the message will encrypt and then it will hide into an image file. So that we can use Cryptography because this can converts the message into an unreadable text. These both provide the security over the unsecured communication channel. Cryptography technologies are high secured system. These features of cryptography and stenography of data hiding are combined to visual cryptographic steganography technology. The visual cryptography (VC), is a (t,n) secret stacking of t-1any transparencies which reveals the sharing scheme where a secret image is encoded into transparencies, and the image is obtained. The stacking technology is used to extract any form of information secret. This can be used two transparent images. Among these images, one image can use for random pixels and the second contains secret information. It is unfeasible to get the secret information with the images. To get the secret information, both images are used. In this proposed scheme allows to dynamically changes including new transparencies without distributing the original transparencies. In this project the system divides the images and message in to two parts such as Key and Cipher, which means transparency and printed page. Such as both are consider as a separate then they are random noise but the combination of an image and message was first encrypted.
Production, purification and molecular level identification of cellulase degrading enzyme from improved strains of Aspergillus niger

Cellulase is a degrading-enzyme provides a key opportunity for achieving tremendous benefits of biomass utilization. The objective of this study was production, purification and molecular characterization of cellulase from Aspergillus niger. A total of 7 Aspergillus isolates (WA1-WA7) were isolated from agricultural field soils. WA2 isolate was found to produces highest zone of hydrolysis on cellulase screening media and selected for strain improvement studies. A total of 5 WA2 colonies were isolated after UV radiation for enzyme production. Several agricultural and natural wastes were used for cellulase production by Aspergillus sp. Among the 5 isolates WA2M4 showed higher cellulase production followed by WA2M2 and WA2M3. WA2M4 was found to be the superior in cellulase production with dry leave (5.6U/m), paper (5.2 U/ml) and other substances (2.2-2.8 U/ml). Cellulase was extracted from Aspergillus sp. (WA2M4), used to determine the homogeneity with existed strains and molecular weight of the enzyme.
Text-based, Content-based, and Semantic-based Image Retrievals: A Survey

— Image retrieval from databases or from the Internet needs an efficient and effective technique due to the explosive growth of digital images. Image retrieval is considered as an area of extensive research, especially in content based image retrieval (CBIR). CBIR retrieves similar images from large image database based on image features, which has been a very active research area recently. The content, that can be derived from image such as color, texture, shape…etc., are called features. This paper will present a survey and discuss the current literature of different types of image retrieval (IR) systems. An overview of the important techniques in image retrieval will be discussed. Finally, some urgent challenges in IR, that have been raised recently, will be presented as well as possible directions for future research.
PATHBREAKING ROLE OF BIG DATA AND LEARNING ANALYTICS IN EDUCATION: A SURVEY

The purpose of this paper is to survey the emergence of learning analytics-related educational technologies. This survey throws light on how learning analytics, in confluence with big data, has the power to render education and learning in a more personalized way to every student, and in the process, do away with the instructional model geared towards the average student and create a more socially equitable and fair educational milieu for all learners. The survey briefly dwells on the many merits as well as some cautionary considerations to be taken account in the process of implementation of learning analytics-related educational technologies .
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HYBRID ACTIVE MULTI-LEVEL INVERTER TOPOLOGY FED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE

This paper proposes a new five-level hybrid topology combining features of neutral point clamped and flying capacitor Multi-level inverters. The proposed topology provides a tradeoff between different component counts to achieve a good loss distribution, avoid direct series connection of semiconductor devices, keep the balanced operation of dc-link capacitors while keeping the number of costly components such as capacitors and switches low. The Pulse width modulation strategy for this hybrid topology has designed using modified SVPWM technique. The features of the proposed topology are investigated and compared to other available topologies. Simulation results are provided to verify the performance of the converter for medium voltage applications. Performance of the proposed technique under different operating conditions is investigated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment with R-L load initially and extended with Induction motor load. The operation of the proposed topology is studied for Line, Phase voltages and THD. Keyword: Neutral point clamped Inverter, Flying capacitor Inverter, CSVPWM, THD.
A Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna Using for portable devices

With the rapid advancement in wireless communication technologies, the demand for multi-band mobile devices is increasing. For example, the current wireless transceivers have to support various communication protocols such as LTE, WiMAX and WLAN simultaneously. Each of these technologies operates at a different frequency band. Therefore, instead of using several antennas, it is more compact and efficient to use one multi-band antenna that accommodates multiple modes. A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna capable of modifying dynamically its frequency and radiation properties in a controlled and reversible manner in order to provide a dynamical response. By using different reconfiguration of patch we got different result of gain, bandwidth and efficiency. So it is beneficial for compactness. The reconfigurable monopole antenna on proposed by incorporating resonators to monopole antenna. Electronic switches are mounted across these resonators to serve in activating or deactivating their resonance frequency, thus leading to reconfigurability.
Design and Implementation of OFDM Trans-Receiver for IEEE 802.11(WLAN)

non overlapping frequency ranges or channels to different signals or to each user of a medium. A gap or guard band is left between each of these channels to ensure that the signal of one channel does not overlap with the signal from an adjacent one. Due to lack of digital filters it was difficult to filter closely packed adjacent channels [2]. As it is ineffective to transfer a high rate data stream through a channel, the signal is split to give a number of signals over that frequency range. Each of these signals are individually modulated and transmitted over the channel. At the receiver end, these signals are fed to a de-multiplexer where it is demodulated and recombined to obtain the original signal. ABSTRACT: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier modulation technique. OFDM provides high bandwidth efficiency because the carriers are orthogonal to each other’s and multiple carriers share the data among themselves. The main advantage of this transmission technique is their robustness to channel fading in wireless communication environment. Orthogonally placed sub carriers are used to carry the data from the transmitter end to the receiver end. Presence of guard band in this system deals with the problem of ISI and noise is minimized by larger number of sub carriers. This paper present transmission of an OFDM System using the software tool MATLAB and have undertaken various methods to reduce the errors in the system so that this system can be used more commonly and effectively .
MRI BRAIN IMAGE CLASSIFICATION USING POLYNOMIAL KERNEL PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS WITH NEURAL NETWORK

Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging has come up as widely accepted and revolutionary innovation in field of medical science and brain imaging especially. A new method is proposed here for MRI brain image classification using Polynomial Kernel Principle Component Analysis (KPCA) with Neural Network. In this paper, we are having various stages namely pre-processing, feature extraction, feature reduction and classification of MRI brain images. Here for improving the MRI image quality, imadjust function is used as pre-processing stage of MRI image. In second stage, features are reduced by Polynomial Kernel Principle Component Analysis. In last stage, MRI images are classified as normal or abnormal image by Artificial Neural Network. Different feature reduction methods like PCA, LDA, SVD, Gaussian KPCA and Polynomial KPCA with P (power of kernel) = 2, 3, 4 and 5 are used. The results show that classification rate of 99.8 % is achieved for p = 4 of KPCA.
Researching the Content of Chemopreventors in Plant Raw Materials

Functioning of the human organism requires a lot of minor compounds. With the development of science, the information about these substances expands. Most of them are difficult to make up through the diet, as they are contained in the chemical composition of natural raw materials, which people cannot consume all the time, or in large quantities. Such compounds include chemopreventors, which are present in the composition of plant raw materials. The authors of the article have suggested a weakly studied source of chemopreventors– Raphanus sativus (black radish). In studying the chemical composition of the object, refined data about the content of biologically active substances have been obtained. It has been found that the content of glucosinolates in radish black correlates with their contents in broccoli. During the heat treatment, the loss of chemopreventors does not exceed 26 %.
Performance Evaluation of Statistical Classifiers for Shape Recognition with Morphological Shape Decomposition Method

- In this study, four statistical classifiers, namely linear discriminant classifier, quadratic discriminant classifier, k-Nearest Neighborhood classifier, and parzen classifier are considered for recognition of 2D-shapes. The octagonal shape features are identified from 2D-shapes with the morphological shape decomposition technique. These features are reduced using principle component analysis. These reduced features are used to recognize the shapes with the above four classifiers. Experimental results show that the parametric classifier quadratic and non-parametric classifier Parzen gives the good recognition rate above 99% among other two classifiers for the morphological octagonal disk features.
A Survey on Early Reviewers prediction techniques on E-Commerce Websites

: E-commerce websites become very popular and tremendous growth in product marketing. Customer satisfaction and effective fulfillment of customer needs are more important in e-commerce applications. To achieves effective results and feedback in e-commerce applications, the need for effectively gathering user reviews and feedback. However, the review collection and analysis became very challenging due to its size and unique nature early review prediction from the posted reviews in real-time large scale e-commerce websites are more challenging. So, the utilization of data mining will resolve these issues. There are numerous approaches and techniques proposed to handle these issues. This survey gives a description and study on those techniques with various factors. Especially, Top-K algorithms and Hidden Markov model techniques are more prominent techniques in this filed. Finally, the survey gives a conclusion about the merits and demerits of such techniques and navigates to the future scope.
Application of Alternative Geometric Distribution and Markov Chain Models for Fitting Sequences of Wet and Dry Days in Peninsular Malaysia

Daily rainfall analysis, particularly on wet and dry spells provides important application in a number of fields including meteorology, agriculture, hydrology, tourism, transportation, industries, health, and water resource management. Information provided by this analysis is crucial in providing clues on the spatial and temporal structure of the daily monsoon season. This study was conducted, partly to identify the characteristics and the persistence of dry and wet spells, and also to determine best fitting models that describes the observed distribution of dry and wet spells for daily monsoon season in Peninsular Malaysia. Covering three different regions, daily rainfall data were collected from 59 stations over the Peninsular Malaysia for the period of 35 years (1975 to 2010). The first and second order of Markov chain models as well as the existing Geometric distribution will be used in fitting the distribution of wet and dry spells. In order to identify the most appropriate model that describes the distribution of wet and dry spells, the less complicated and parsimonious option is often preferred among researchers. Meanwhile, there are cases where the more complex models failed to fit the observed data, thus necessitating geometric distribution with the reciprocal of median as a potential alternative. The Geo_Med model is thus proposed in this study. The performance of the proposed models and already existing ones were assessed using the ChiSquare and Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit tests. Generally, findings from this study indicated that the existing second order of Markov chain model is found to be the most adequately describes the distribution of dry spells at most of the studied locations. The successfulness of the newly proposed model, Geo_Med is also proven in representing the observed distribution of wet spells at southern region of Peninsular Malaysia during both monsoon seasons. Keywords—geometric median, markov chain models, wet and dry spells.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma at the Oscars

Historically rare and indolent, Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) emerged as a frequent and easily recognizable cutaneous manifestation of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s. The visibility of KS rendered the disease a stigmatizing marker of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection as it progressed into AIDS, often serving as a harbinger of death to those infected. KS has once again become uncommon since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The prestigious Academy Awards has recognized five outstanding non-documentary and three documentary English language films to date that employed KS to help convey the early HIV/AIDS era. Likewise, the Primetime Emmy Awards has nominated five productions that include KS. These movies are potential tools for educators seeking to teach students and the general public about the history of AIDS in the United States.
A Comparison Study of the Relationships of 4/4 Block Scheduled Schools and 7-Period Traditional Scheduled Schools on the Standards of Learning Tests for Virginia Public Secondary Schools

ii Dedication . iii Acknowledgements. iv List of Tables.viii List of Figures . ix CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM . 1 Statement of the Problem . 6 Purpose of the Study. 7 Research Questions. 7 Significance of the Study . 8 Definitions . 10 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED RESEARCH . 11 History of Block Scheduling . 11 Models of Block Schedules . 14 Professional Development for Block Scheduling. 18 Advantages of Block Scheduling . 20 Block Schedule Barriers . 23 Block Scheduling Achievement . 25 Summary. 29 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY . 31 Populations . 31 Instruments . 32 Validity and Reliability. 33 Data Collection Procedures . 33 Data Analysis . 34 CHAPTER IV: RESULTS . 36 Comparisons of Schools by Schedules . 36 Research Question 1. 36 Summary . 57 Comparisons of Schools by Locations . 59 Research Question 2. 59 Comparisons of Schools by Rural Locations . 60
Intelligent Traffic Monitoring Based

The traffic jam is a daily-life problem in any metropolitan city. With the rise of standard of living, the number of vehicles is increasing at an exponential rate. In response to this, many researches are done in developing an intelligent trafﬁc system. Rapid development of traffic in cities requires adaptive traffic flow control. Information on the number of vehicles in different lanes, their speed and their type is essential for adaptive management of intersections. Results are presented on real-world traffic scenes showing the tracker to be both fast and robust to vibrations, which are inevitable in traffic locations. This study aims to test the distance measuring sensor, which can be used for both problems mentioned above. Experiments with the sensor carried out i world conditions revealed its both strengths and weaknesses. Intelligent management of traffic flows can reduce the negative impact of congestion. In recent years, wireless networks are widely used in the road transport as they provide more cost eff options [1]. Technologies like RFID and GSM can be used in traffic control to provide cost effective solutions.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM)

Chronic periodontitis in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with adverse outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is common in patients with T2DM and may play a role in the development of chronic periodontitis. The objective of our study was to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and chronic periodontitis in patients with T2DM. T2DM patients with and without chronic periodontitis were recruited, forty in number in each groups after exclusion criteria. Baseline clinical and laboratory data were obtained and periodontal examination performed. Serum 25(OH)D levels were stratified into deficient, insufficient and sufficient levels according to Institute of Medicine criteria. T2DM patients with chronic periodontitis had a lower median level of 25(OH) D than those without chronic periodontitis suggesting a possible role of Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in the development of chronic periodontitis in T2DM.
Synthesis, Properties and Technological Applications of Recent Nanomaterials: Review Articles

This paper reviewed synthesis, properties and applications of polymer, graphene and carbon nanotubes. Now a day, polymer is very useful and important material for its unique properties and applications. Polymers are classified depending on several parameters like chemical structure, polymeric structure, arrangement of monomer, tactility. It has several applications in the field of industry, science and medical. Several properties of polymers can be tuned by embedding different materials with it. Among them graphene and carbon annotate are most desirable material. Graphene is the latest discovery belonging to the group of carbon allotropes and a versatile material in Nanotechnogy due to its unique electronic, optical and mechanical properties. It is conductive, flexible, highly strong and transparent. On the other side, carbon nanotube is most valuable material in several applications for its unique electronic, mechanical and optical properties. Like graphene and graphite, it is also a carbon based material. Due to its high surface to volume ratio, even a low content of nanotube in polymer matrix can change the interphase or interface region which changes their properties significantly. Dielectric properties of several polymer materials also can be modified by embedding carbon nanotube with it. It is also acted as a filler material for introducing Piezoelectricity in some Polymer material. Here properties of polymer, graphene and carbon nanotube has been discussed in brief. Synthesis and applications of these three materials are also the key focus of this review paper.
2-3-Year-Old Children and the Use of Smart Devices

In order to find out how 2–3-year-old children use smart devices and what the impact on children's development is, a systematic analysis of literature has been performed. Articles published in the EBSCOhost database during the period 2009–2019 have been selected for the analysis. They deal with studies focusing on 2–3-year-old children and the use of smart devices. The studies describe how 2–3-year-old children use touchscreen devices, as well as summarizing the benefits and risks of using touchscreen devices in the early years. It is concluded that the studies conducted are rather similar regarding form and content. Children use touchscreen devices for similar purposes and with similar time limits. Children under the age of two should not use smartphones and tablets; in turn, 2–3-year-old children should not be denied the technologies, though there should be awareness that use of the smartphone or tablet, along with positive benefits, also creates risks.
A Research on Security Prospects for Adopting Multiple Clouds through Cloud Computing

— Abstract—Clouds impose new security challenges, which are amongst the biggest obstacles when considering the usage of cloud services. This triggered a lot of research activities in this direction, resulting in a quantity of proposals targeting the various security threats. Besides the security issues coming with the cloud paradigm, it can also provide a new set of unique features which open the path towards novel security approaches, techniques and architectures. This paper initiates this discussion by contributing a concept which achieves security merits by making use of multiple distinct clouds at the same time.
Effect of Cassia siamea and Gliricidia sepium leaf in controlling weed of transplanted aman rice on the Madhupur tract of Bangladesh

Over use of herbicide may cause several environmental hazards and development of herbicide-resistant weeds along with high cost. Allelopathy is a component of integrated weed management (IWM) could be potentially used for weed control by producing and releasing allelochemicals. A field study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potentiality of Cassia siamea and Gliricidia sepium leaf in controlling weed at the experimental farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during aman season of 2010. Treatment consists of 11 weed control methods (weedy, weed-free, pretilachlor 1 L a.i. ha-1, fresh leaves of Cassia siamea 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 tha-1, and Gliricidia sepium 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 tha-1. C. siamea, and G. sepium leaves incorporation effectively controlled weeds; however, higher rate was more effective than lower rate. The highest weed control efficiency (WCE) was recorded from G. sepium 10 t ha-1. WCE of C. siamea 7.5 and 10 t ha-1 and G. sepium 2.5, 5, and 7.5 t ha-1 had similar results to herbicide treatment pretilachlor 1 L a.i. ha-1. Across the rates of leaves incorporation, C. siamea and G. sepium had 14-27 and 8-22% lower yield, respectively, when compared with weed-free treatment. Grain yield increased significantly when C. siamea and G. sepium leaves incorporation rates increased from 2.5 to 10 t ha-1. The results of the study indicates that C. siamea and G. sepium leaf have strong allelopathic potential against weeds and farmers can use fresh leaves of C. siamea around 10 t ha-1 and G. sepium 7.5 -10 t ha-1 to effective control of weeds in transplanted rice. * Corresponding Author: Sharif Ahmed  sharifagr@gmail.com International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 64-70, 2016 International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 14-22, 2014