Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Determinant Factors of Auditor Switch Among Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange

Regarding to the impact of auditor switching on auditor’s independence, this issue become an important subject and widely studied in developed countries recently. In spite of the growing concerns of this issue, few studies have been done in Iran to investigate which factors influenced auditor switch. The aim of this research is to find major determinants of auditor switch among companies listed on Tehran stock exchange. In order to verify the determinants of auditor switch, logistic regression model is used in this study. The Sample consists of 182 companies that listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). From these 182 companies, 91 companies had auditor switch during 2003 till 2007 and 91 companies without auditor switch. The results indicate that between 6 factors that are analyzed in this research only auditor size is significantly related to auditor switch among companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. Furthermore, consistent with previous studies, this study showed that there is no significant relationship between receiving qualified audit opinion and auditor switch. Thus, this result suggests that opinion shopping is not a concern in TSE.
Classical Vaccination on Specific Pathogen-Free Birds Pathologic Characterization of Genotypes XIV and XVII Newcastle Disease Viruses and Efficacy of

To characterize the clinicopathologic features of recently described genotypes of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), 1 representative strain of genotype XIV and 2 of genotype XVII, all isolated from West Africa, were used to infect groups of ten 4-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens. The pathobiology of these 3 strains was compared to a South African NDV strain classified within genotype VII. All chickens infected with the 4 viruses died or were euthanized by day 4 postinfection due to the severity of clinical signs. Gross and histologic lesions in all infected chickens included extensive necrosis of lymphoid tissues (thymus, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, cecal tonsils, gut-associated lymphoid tissue), gastrointestinal necrosis and hemorrhages, and severe hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed systemic viral distribution, and the most intense staining was in the lymphoid organs. Results demonstrate that the 3 West African strains from the previously uncharacterized genotypes XIV and XVII are typical velogenic viscerotropic NDV strains with lesions similar to the South African strain. Under experimental conditions, QV4 and LaSota NDV vaccine strains successfully protected chickens from morbidity and mortality against the genotype VII and one genotype XVII NDV strain, with no significant differences in the amount of virus shed when 2 vaccine schemes were compared.
Utility Analysis of Network Coding for Coordinated Formation Flight in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

CFF (coordinated formation flight) is a usual flight action of multiple aircrafts. CFF of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) can expand single UAV's task coverage radius and enhance the success rate of task execution. CFF of UAVs has more communication needs (e.g. throughput, reliability, and stability) than current manned aircrafts. In this paper, we investigate the utility of network coding for CFF in UAVs. Since the formations for CFF of UAVs are relatively fixed, we abstract the universal formation for CFF of UAVs according to structural features. By introducing network coding into universal formation for CFF of UAVs, we analyze the network model and derive the existence condition of network coding for CFF of UAVs. Analysis shows that the network coding can reduce the costs of data transmission, and balance the network load, and finally improve the effectiveness and reliability of CFF of UAVs.
Experimental Realization of a Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator, Bi2Te3

Topological Insulators Topological insulators are a recently discovered state of matter, in which the bulk is an insulator while the surface is metallic with counterpropagating spin states. The surface states are protected by the topology, or structure, of the Fermi surface in the bulk gap and are described by a Dirac cone showing linear dispersion behavior meeting at the Dirac point. Chen et al. (p. 178, published online 11 June) provide a comprehensive photoemission study on Bi2Te3 showing that it too falls into the category of topological band insulators. Moreover, there is just a single surface state with a single Dirac point in the photoemission spectrum. The identification of a material with a single Dirac point removes the ambiguity arising from multiple surface states and provides an ideal test-bed to probe the physics of these exotic new materials. Bi2Te3 is identified as a three-dimensional topological insulator with a single metallic surface state. Three-dimensional topological insulators are a new state of quantum matter with a bulk gap and odd number of relativistic Dirac fermions on the surface. By investigating the surface state of Bi2Te3 with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the surface state consists of a single nondegenerate Dirac cone. Furthermore, with appropriate hole doping, the Fermi level can be tuned to intersect only the surface states, indicating a full energy gap for the bulk states. Our results establish that Bi2Te3 is a simple model system for the three-dimensional topological insulator with a single Dirac cone on the surface. The large bulk gap of Bi2Te3 also points to promising potential for high-temperature spintronics applications.
From Seeds to Islands: Growth of Oxidized Graphene by Two-Photon Oxidation

The mechanism of two-photon induced oxidation of single-layer graphene on Si/SiO2 substrates is studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman microspectroscopy and imaging. AFM imaging of areas oxidized by using a tightly focused femtosecond laser beam shows that oxidation is not homogeneous but oxidized and nonoxidized graphene segregate into separate domains over the whole irradiated area. The oxidation process starts from point-like “seeds” which grow into islands finally coalescing together. The size of islands before coalescence is 30–40 nm, and the density of the islands is on the order of 1011 cm–2. Raman spectroscopy reveals growth of the D/G band ratio along the oxidation. Sharpness of the D-band which persists over a large range of oxidation and the maximal value of the intensity ratio of the D- and G-bands (∼0.8) indicates that graphene oxidation proceeds by an increase of the oxidized area rather than progression of oxidized areas to fully disordered structure. A phenomenological model is.
Higher education ERPs: implementation factors and their interdependecies

In this paper we have analyzed some critical implementation factors of an ERP project implementation in universities and their interdependencies. Taking into consideration that for industry implementations there are already many performed studies we started by considering university implementations as a particular case for the industry ones. Starting from this, we have identified and analyzed differences for the case of universities regarding communication structure, management involvement, organization, implementation team competences, legacy systems, inter-department communication, user training, suppliers/ customers' partnership, external consultants. The conclusions of this study are going to be used in developing an evaluation framework of ERP solutions for higher education management.
Ensembling Strategies for Answering Natural Questions

Many of the top question answering systems today utilize ensembling to improve their performance on tasks such as the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD) and Natural Questions (NQ) challenges. Unfortunately most of these systems do not publish their ensembling strategies used in their leaderboard submissions. In this work, we investigate a number of ensembling techniques and demonstrate a strategy which improves our F1 score for short answers on the dev set for NQ by 2.3 F1 points over our single model (which outperforms the previous SOTA by 1.9 F1 points).
Lung nodule classification combining rule-based and SVM

In order to classify lung nodules, an approach combining rule-based and SVM is proposed in the paper. Firstly, the candidate ROIs shape features are calculated, and some blood vessels are get rid of using rule-based according to shape features; secondly, the remainder candidates gray and texture features are calculated; finally, the shape, gray and texture features are taken as the inputs of the SVM (Support Vector Machine) classifier to classify the candidates. Experimental results show that the rule-based approach has no omission, but the misclassification probability is too large; the approach combining rule-based and SVM has higher omission than SVM, but lower misclassification. The causes of nodules omission and misclassification are summarized and the solution is discussed in the paper at last.
STUDY AND IMPACT OF MANAGER'S ROLE IN IMPROVING EMPLOYEES' EMPOWERMENT PROCESS

Productivity and profitability increment is not achieved by simply organizational adjustments and modern machines’ and software systems’ installation but the principal and valuable capital are employees who supervise and monitor these devices. Therefore, manager should attempt to foster their susceptibility and develop their skills. Current research examines the factors affecting empowerment and identification of most important factors including training, motivation, management styles. Manager’s role is studied in the research and conceptual model of the research is based on it. This paper shows that managers require role-play in three areas including training, motivation and employee’s participation the capacity of employees to increase their empowerment and create an empowered environment.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Similar Femoral and Tibial Fixation Methods Patellar Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction :

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/37/10/1946 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546509339577 2009 37: 1946 originally published online August 14, 2009 Am J Sports Med Rodney X. Sturdivant and Sally Mountcastle Dean C. Taylor, Thomas M. DeBerardino, Bradley J. Nelson, Michele Duffey, Joachim Tenuta, Paul D. Stoneman, A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Similar Femoral and Tibial Fixation Methods Patellar Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction:
Evaluation of High-Occupancy-Vehicle Lanes in· Phoenix, Arizona

High-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) lanes were first introduced into the Phoenix metropolitan area freeway system with the opening of I-10 west of I-17. The system now contains approximately 27 mi (43 km) of freeway with HOV priority lanes. The system will include approximately 40 mi (64 km) of freeway with HOV lanes by the year 2000. A study was undertaken to field evaluate the operation of HOV lanes in the Phoenix metropolitan area to examine the use of HOV lanes, priority-lane violation rates, and the overall effectiveness of HOV lanes in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The results showed that HOV lanes become very effective in periods of high congestion on the adjacent freeway lanes. It appears that freeways with HOV lanes have much higher automobile occupancy than do freeways without HOV lanes. One possible cause of this increase in occupancy is a shift from single-occupancy vehicles to higher-occupancy modes of travel along HOV facilities. Although the Phoenix area HOV system may not, in large part, be effective by some of the more traditional measures of effectiveness, the system has been successful in encouraging higher vehicle occupancies and improving HOV travel.
Pathogenicity and Transmission of Chytridiomycosis in Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum)

Abstract A chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, was found in salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi, collected in southern Arizona, USA. The chytrid was isolated and cultured, and Koch's postulates were satisfied by infection of metamorphosed salamanders with pure culture and subsequent reisolation from these salamanders. We used the salamander strain and a strain isolated from lowland leopard frogs in Arizona, Rana yavapaiensis, to infect metamorphosed A. tigrinum, R. yavapaiensis, and R. boylii. All three species became infected, but none of the infected salamanders died within 60 days, and mortality of infected frogs did not differ significantly from controls, although sample size was small. Chytrid infection could not be detected by light histology in most of the infected frogs and one of the infected salamanders 60 days after infection. To date, there are three records of chytridiomycosis in salamanders on websites; ours is the first complete report of occurrence and pathology of chytridiomycosis in field-collected North American salamanders. Our results also demonstrate that chytridiomycosis does not always lead to mortality. Individuals within a species vary in susceptibility to infection, animals appear to recover from the infection, and syntopic salamanders and frogs may act as reciprocal pathogen reservoirs for chytrid infections.
Regionalisation, “virtual” spaces and “real” territories: a view from Europe and North America

Purpose – This paper seeks to examine evidence of new forms of regionalisation in both theory and practice, and the relationship between the two. In so doing, it aims to demonstrate the essential complementarity, rather than widely argued alternativeness, of both conventional and new forms of inter‐local collaboration at the regional level. The paper also seeks to demonstrate the importance of institutional and local legacies for the nature of regionalisation.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on interviews by the author with economic policy makers in several city regions in Europe and North America over the last three years, and the results of a series of workshops involving many of these very policy makers.Findings – There is growing evidence of new forms of inter‐local region building being adopted by policy makers in response to a perceived need to maintain/improve economic competitiveness. Concerns about “giving away” powers and resources when engaging in usual conventional, formalised,.
, Jr and Versus Not Released to Return to Sport Functional Testing Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients Released

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/early/2015/04/13/0363546515578249 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546515578249 published online April 13, 2015 Am J Sports Med Robert J. Butler Stephanie W. Mayer, Robin M. Queen, Dean Taylor, Claude T. Moorman III, Allison P. Toth, William E. Garrett, Jr and Versus Not Released to Return to Sport Functional Testing Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients Released
Ovulation rate, prolificacy and pregnancy rate in goats treated with oral glycerol

Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 Abstract This study tested whether the oral administration of glycerol at the time of progestin removal and in the first 6 days of the estrous cycle increased the ovulation rate, prolificacy, and pregnancy rate in goats. Intravaginal sponges impregnated with fluorogestone acetate were inserted into 129 goats for 12 days; upon sponge removal, goats were randomly assigned to one of the two following treatment groups: the glycerol group (n = 65), which received an oral drench of 100 mL of glycerol upon sponge removal and was repeated on days 0, 2, 4, and 6 following estrus (estrus = day 0), and the control group (n = 64), which did not receive glycerol. The goats in estrus were mated, and their ovulation rate was determined by ultrasonography between days 8 and 12 of the estrous cycle. Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography on day 40, and the prolificacy was determined at birth. In 6 goats treated with glycerol and 5 controls, their insulin concentrations at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after the glycerol drench were determined by radioimmunoassay. The proportion of goats with multiple ovulations (glycerol = 71 vs control = 64) and the proportion of goats with multiple births (glycerol = 52 vs control = 56) were similar (P > 0.05) between treatments. Likewise, the pregnancy rate was similar (P > 0.05) between treatments (glycerol = 88 vs control = 85%). The insulin concentrations tended to be higher in goats treated with glycerol (P = 0.08). In conclusion, an oral drench of 100 mL of glycerol at the time of progestin withdrawal and in the first 6 days of the estrous cycle did not increase the ovulation rate, prolificacy, or pregnancy rate in goats.
Does Reading Literary Texts Have Any Impact on EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Retention?

Abstract: This study seeks to find out whether EFL learners’ exposure to literary texts is in any way different from their exposure to nonliterary texts with respect to their ability to deal with related vocabulary items. Furthermore, the present study also sets out to examine whether EFL learners perform differently on reading comprehension tests derived from literary texts compared with those derived from nonliterary ones. The analysis of the data brought to light the fact that exposure to a plethora of literary texts does not imperatively bring any significant gain in the comprehension of literary or nonliterary texts. Even so, it is concluded that exposure to vocabulary items in literary texts may, in point of fact, help EFL learners to build up solid vocabulary knowledge. Key words: Extensive Reading; Literature; Reading Comprehension; Vocabulary Acquisition Resume: Cette etude cherche a decouvrir s’il y aurait des differences aux niveaux des resultats en comparant avec l’exposition des etudiants d'EFL aux textes litteraires et des etudiants d’EFL qui sont exposes aux textes non litteraires en ce qui concerne de leur capacite de traiter les articles relatifs de vocabulaire. En outre, la presente etude egalement mise a examiner si les etudiants d'EFL executent differemment sur des essais de comprehension de lecture derives des textes litteraires compares a ceux derives de les non litteraire. L'analyse des donnees a mis en evidence le fait que l'exposition a une plethore de textes litteraires n'apporte imperativement aucun gain significatif dans la comprehension des textes litteraires ou non litteraire. Neanmoins, on le conclut que l'exposition aux articles de vocabulaire en textes litteraires peut, en effet, aider des etudiants d'EFL a accumuler la connaissance solide de vocabulaire. Mots cles: Lecture etendue; Litterature; Comprehension de lecture; Acquisition de vocabulaire
Loh Zero Inflated Models for Overdispersed Count Data C

The zero inflated models are usually used in modeling count data with excess zeros where the existence of the excess zeros could be structural zeros or zeros which occur by chance. These types of data are commonly found in various disciplines such as finance, insurance, biomedical, econometrical, ecology, and health sciences which involve sex and health dental epidemiology. The most popular zero inflated models used by many researchers are zero inflated Poisson and zero inflated negative binomial models. In addition, zero inflated generalized Poisson and zero inflated double Poisson models are also discussed and found in some literature. Recently zero inflated inverse trinomial model and zero inflated strict arcsine models are advocated and proven to serve as alternative models in modeling overdispersed count data caused by excessive zeros and unobserved heterogeneity. The purpose of this paper is to review some related literature and provide a variety of examples from different disciplines in the applications of zero inflated models. Different model selection methods used in model comparison are discussed. Keywords—Overdispersed count data, model selection methods, likelihood ratio, AIC, BIC.
the Competitive Season : A Randomized Clinical Trial No Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Patellar Tendinopathy in Jumping Athletes During

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/39/6/1191 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546510395492 2011 39: 1191 originally published online February 1, 2011 Am J Sports Med Diercks Johannes Zwerver, Fred Hartgens, Evert Verhagen, Henk van der Worp, Inge van den Akker-Scheek and Ron L. the Competitive Season: A Randomized Clinical Trial No Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Patellar Tendinopathy in Jumping Athletes During
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Background: Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the process of liver regeneration. Lactulose orally administered can be bacterially fermented and induces dramatic amounts of endogenous hydrogen. Hydrogen has been confirmed to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the potential influence of lactulose administration on liver regeneration. Materials and methods: Antibiotics were used to suppress bacterial fermentation of lactulose, and hydrogen-rich saline was used as a supplementary measure of exogenous hydrogen. The liver regeneration model was produced in SpragueeDawley rats through 70% partial
A Beveled and Slot-Loaded Planar Bow-Tie Antenna for UWB Application

Abstract—A novel planar bow-tie aperture antenna is proposed for ultra-wide band (UWB) application in this paper. Beveling technique is employed to increase the impedance bandwidth, and slot loading is introduced to improve the impedance matching. The measured impedance bandwidth is from 2.7 to 12 GHz for S11 < −10 dB, proving the effectiveness of these two techniques. The measured radiation patterns are relatively stable almost over the entire ultra-wide band of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz with low cross-polarization levels of at least −10 dB. Moreover, the proposed antenna maintains the advantages of ease of fabrication and relatively small electrical size.
Maps Telling Stories?

ABSTRACT Maps are good at representing geographic space, but texts have a stronger affordance of telling a story than maps. Telling stories is, however, important to make information more personal and to arrest the map user's attention. This paper contrasts the map and the text media in order to understand why texts are good at telling a story but conventional maps are not. We demonstrate that, by a modification of maps, appropriate structural features of the text media can be transferred to maps, which makes them more suitable for telling stories. This new concept for map design can lead to new interaction possibilities and provide insights into how maps can be used more effectively.