Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prática da psicoterapia infantil a partir do referencial teórico do psicodrama, gestalt terapia e abordagem centrada na pessoa, sob as óticas de Bermúdez, Ferrari, Oaklander e Axline.

O presente estudo teve por objetivo geral investigar junto a psicoterapeutas que trabalham com criancas, de diferentes abordagens teoricas (Psicodrama, Gestalt terapia e Centrada no Cliente), como esta sendo experienciada essa pratica clinica. Para tanto, foram entrevistadas 6 (seis) psicoterapeutas, com experiencia profissional que variou de 10 (dez) a 30 (trinta) anos, sendo 2 (duas) de cada abordagem. A entrevista foi semidirigida e compreendeu as seguintes dimensoes: sentimentos experimentados como terapeuta infantil, obstaculos enfrentados, recursos utilizados, necessidades sentidas, avaliacao da especialidade e um encerramento livre. As entrevistas foram realizadas de forma individual e foram gravadas e transcritas. Apos leitura das repostas nas dimensoes citadas, observou-se que nao houve diferencas nas repostas dadas pelas participantes relacionadas a especialidade na qual atuam. De maneira geral pode-se dizer que: 1) os sentimentos experimentados foram de valorizacao ao trabalho com a crianca pelo seu carater preventivo, alem de gratificante e bonito por propiciar o crescimento de cada individuo, porem, ao mesmo tempo experimentam frustracao, solidao e impotencia, principalmente quando os pais nao colaboram; 2) os obstaculos enfrentados referem-se a dificuldade de conseguir a alianca com os pais, o pequeno numero de profissionais que atuam nessa especialidade e a escassez de pesquisas e literatura; 3) os recursos utilizados perpassam pela rede social da crianca (pais, parentes, amigos) e, quanto aos recursos tecnicos, utilizam brinquedos estruturados e nao estruturados, testes e tecnicas; 4) as necessidades sentidas incluem a busca constante de atualizacao, revisao atraves de supervisoes e trocas entre os profissionais, bem como de congressos e cursos, 5) a avaliacao que fazem da area e que ela e mais dificil porque requer o esforco fisico do profissional, o entendimento da linguagem da crianca, tanto verbal como nao verbal, e a questao cultural de que tudo que se refere a crianca e menos valorizado. No caminhar atraves dos diversos autores que embasaram o estudo encontrou-se na abordagem construcionista social/narrativa uma postura etica diferenciada na pratica terapeutica com a crianca e seus familiares. Acredita-se que as dificuldades sao minimizadas e os resultados mais efetivos quando a crianca e tambem trabalhada junto com a familia, seja mediante a terapia familiar, seja por encontros familiares breves.
Characteristics of auto-associative MLP as a novelty detector

In novelty detection, one tries to discriminate abnormal patterns from normal patterns. As a two class pattern classification problem, novelty detection is quite difficult since in practice only normal patterns are available for training. Novel or abnormal patterns are very few or not available at all. Recently, an auto-associative MLP (AaMLP) has been shown to give a good performance. In this paper, we analyze the output characteristics of trained AaMLPs and show that the AaMLP is indeed a reliable solution for novelty detection. In particular, we prove why nonlinearity in the hidden layer is necessary for novelty detection.
Direct Astrocytic Contacts Regulate Local Maturation of Dendritic Spines

Astrocytes contribute on both development and function of synapses, but it remains unclear whether direct astrocytic contacts regulate development of individual synapses. Two-photon time-lapse imaging of astrocytic and dendritic protrusive activity revealed the correlation of astrocytic contacts with both lifetime and morphological maturation of dendritic protrusions. Astrocytic motility was essential in maturation of spines, because its suppression by manipulating Rac1-dependent signaling in astrocytes resulted in induction of longer, filopodia-like dendritic protrusions. Manipulation of ephrin/Eph-dependent neuron–astrocyte signaling suggested involvement of this signaling pathway in astrocyte-dependent stabilization of newly generated dendritic protrusions. Our data support a model in which astrocytic protrusive activity in development acts as a key local regulator for stabilization of individual dendritic protrusions and subsequent maturation into spines.
What is the physiological function of mast cells?

Abstract: Under physiological conditions, skin mast cells preferentially localize around nerves, blood vessels and hair follicles. This observation, which dates back to Paul Ehrlich, intuitively suggests that these enigmatic, multifacetted protagonists of natural immunity are functionally relevant to many more aspects of tissue physiology than just to the generation of inflammatory and vasodilatory responses to IgE‐dependent environmental antigens. And yet, for decades, mainstream‐mast cell research has been dominated by a focus on the – undisputedly prominent and important – mast cell functions in type I immune responses and in the pathogenesis and management of allergic diseases. Certainly, it is hard to believe that the very large and rather selectively distributed number of mast cells in normal, uninflamed, non‐infected, non‐traumatized mammalian skin or mucosal tissue is simply hanging around there lazily day and night, just to wait for the odd allergen or parasite‐associated antigen to come by so the mast cell can finally swing into action. Indeed, the past decade has witnessed a renaissance of mast cell research ‘beyond allergy’, along with a more systematic exploration of the surprisingly wide range of physiological functions that mast cells may be involved in. The current debate sketches many of the exciting new horizons that have recently come into our vision during this intriguing, ongoing search.
Intra- and interregional cortical interactions related to sharp-wave ripples and dentate spikes.

The hippocampus generates population events termed sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and dentate spikes (DSs). While little is known about DSs, SWR-related hippocampal discharges during sleep are thought to replay prior waking activity, reactivating the cortical networks that encoded the initial experience. During slow-wave sleep, such reactivations likely occur during up-states, when most cortical neurons are depolarized. However, most studies have examined the relationship between SWRs and up-states measured in single neocortical regions. As a result, it is currently unclear whether SWRs are associated with particular patterns of widely distributed cortical activity. Additionally, no such investigation has been carried out for DSs. The present study addressed these questions by recording SWRs and DSs from the dorsal hippocampus simultaneously with prefrontal, sensory (visual and auditory), perirhinal, and entorhinal cortices in naturally sleeping rats. We found that SWRs and DSs were associated with up-states in all cortical regions. Up-states coinciding with DSs and SWRs exhibited increased unit activity, power in the gamma band, and intraregional gamma coherence. Unexpectedly, interregional gamma coherence rose much more strongly in relation to DSs than to SWRs. Whereas the increase in gamma coherence was time locked to DSs, that seen in relation to SWRs was not. These observations suggest that SWRs are related to the strength of up-state activation within individual regions throughout the neocortex but not so much to gamma coherence between different regions. Perhaps more importantly, DSs coincided with stronger periods of interregional gamma coherence, suggesting that they play a more important role than previously assumed. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Off-line cortico-hippocampal interactions are thought to support memory consolidation. We surveyed the relationship between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and dentate spikes (DSs) with up-states across multiple cortical regions. SWRs and DSs were associated with increased cortical gamma oscillations. Interregional gamma coherence rose much more strongly in relation to DSs than to SWRs. Moreover, it was time locked to DSs but not SWRs. These results have important implications for current theories of systems memory consolidation during sleep.
Comparative Research of Efficiency of Water Decontamination by UV Radiation of Cold Hollow Cathode Discharge Plasma Versus That of Low- and Medium-Pressure Mercury Lamps

In this paper, the results of experimental studies of peculiarities of Escherichia coli water suspension inactivation by ultraviolet radiation of hollow cathode discharge plasma in different gaseous media are presented. It is shown that efficiency of the inactivation by the discharges on oxygen, mixtures of oxygen with deuterium, and water vapor is essentially higher than that by the discharge on air, as well as the discharges of low- and medium-pressure mercury lamps
Performance Feedback Improves Pediatric Residents' Adherence to Asthma Clinical Guidelines

• Objective: To determine the impact of a monthly peer-comparison report on pediatric residents’ adherence to asthma guidelines. • Design: Pre- and post-intervention study. • Participants and setting: 21 residents working in a pediatric clinic in a military teaching hospital in Hawaii. • Methods: Residents were trained on the use of asthma guidelines and an ambulatory pathway. Guideline adherence was subsequently measured by asking residents to document in an ambulatory data system whether they had performed 4 pathway tasks when treating asthma patients: assess and classify asthma severity, provide or review an asthma action plan, provide direct patient education, and order spirometry at the visit or within 6 months. Use of controller medications in patients with persistent or unclassified asthma severity was also measured. Monthly reports showing the rate at which individual providers performed each task relative to their peers were generated and provided to the house staff without comment. Individual rates for the 5 measures were averaged monthly and the means compared across 6 months to detect an effect of the reports on resident behavior. • Results: Of 373 patients with asthma at baseline, 36.0% had asthma severity classified, 13.4% of patients had an asthma action plan documented, 28.5% had patient education documented, 4.7% had spirometry ordered, and 37.2% of patients with persistent asthma were on controller medications. At 6 months, rates of documenting of an asthma action plan, severity classification, patient education, and ordering of spirometry increased significantly (P < 0.001) compared to baseline. Appropriate use of a controller medication did not increase significantly. • Conclusion: Pediatric resident adherence to asthma guidelines improved for 4 of 5 parameters with monthly peer-comparison feedback. T he management of childhood asthma consumes a large portion of health care resources, with direct costs estimated at more than $5 billion per year [1]. In the Military Health Care System, diagnosis-related group (DRG) 98 (bronchitis and asthma) is the most common reason for admission in the pediatric age-group. Most of the expense for asthma management results from hospitalizations and emergency department visits or other unscheduled acute care [1,2]. The use of clinical practice guidelines in caring for children with asthma has been shown to decrease hospitalization and improve patient outcomes [3‐15]. Unfortunately, physicians frequently fail to adhere to clinical guidelines for a variety of reasons, including lack of familiarity with the guidelines or lack of motivation to change practice behavior [16‐18]. While there have been many different approaches to improving physician adherence, no one method has been demonstrated to be consistently effective [19,20]. Physician profiling, the process of comparing the performance of a physician to that of his or her peers, is an approach that has
Topography and Determinants of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)‐Visible Perivascular Spaces in a Large Memory Clinic Cohort

Background Magnetic resonance imaging‐visible perivascular spaces (PVS) are related to interstitial fluid clearance pathways (including amyloid‐β) in the brain and are suggested to be a marker of cerebral small vessel disease. We investigated the role, topography, and possible implications of PVS in cognitive impairment. Methods and Results A total of 1504 patients undergoing memory clinic investigation and an associated brain magnetic resonance imaging scan were included in this cross‐sectional study. Magnetic resonance images were assessed for markers of small vessel disease. Additionally, 1039 patients had cerebrospinal fluid analysis of amyloid‐β 42, total tau (T‐tau), and phosphorylated tau (P‐tau); 520 patients had apoE genotyping done. Results were analyzed with generalized linear models. A total of 289 (19%; 95% confidence interval, 17–21) had a high‐grade PVS in the centrum semiovale (CSO) and 65 (4%; 95% confidence interval: 3%–5%) in the basal ganglia (BG). Centrum semiovale– and BG‐PVS were both associated with high age (P<0.001), hypertension (P<0.001), probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (P<0.05), moderate‐to‐severe white matter hyperintensities (P<0.001), cortical superficial siderosis (P<0.001), cerebral microbleeds (P<0.001), and PVS. centrum semiovale–PVS was separately associated with strictly lobar cerebral microbleeds (P=0.057). BG‐PVS was associated with strictly deep cerebral microbleeds (P<0.001), lacunes (P<0.001), and vascular dementia (P=0.04). BG‐PVS showed a tendency to be associated with high cerebrospinal fluid tau (B=0.002, P=0.04) in the whole cohort and in Alzheimer's disease (B=0.005; P=0.02). No other associations with cerebrospinal fluid or the apoE e4 allele was observed. Conclusions Centrum semiovale–PVS and BG‐PVS have different underlying etiology, being associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive vasculopathy, respectively, although a significant overlap between these pathologies is likely to exist.
Mother to child transmission of hepatitis C virus: prospective study of risk factors and timing of infection in children born to women seronegative for HIV-1

Abstract Objective: To determine the risk factors for and timing of vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus in women who are not infected with HIV-1. Design: Follow up for a median of 28 (range 24-38) months of babies born to women with antibodies to hepatitis C virus but not HIV-1. Subjects: 442 mothers and babies, of whom 403 completed the study. Main outcome measures: Presence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus and viral RNA and alanine aminotransferase activity in babies. Presence of viral RNA, method of infection with hepatitis C, method of delivery, and type of infant feeding in mothers. Results: 13 of the 403 children had acquired hepatitis C virus infection at the end of follow up. All these children were born to women positive for hepatitis C virus RNA; none of the 128 RNA negative mothers passed on the infection (difference 5%, 95% confidence interval 2% to 7%). 6 children had viral RNA immediately after birth. 111 women had used intravenous drugs and 20 had received blood transfusions. 11 of the infected children were born to these women compared with 2 to the 144 with no known risk factor (difference 7%, 2% to 12%). Conclusions: This study suggests that in women not infected with HIV only those with hepatitis C virus RNA are at risk of infecting their babies. Transmission does seem to occur in utero, and the rate of transmission is higher in women who have had blood transfusions or used intravenous drugs than in women with no known risk factor for infection. Key messages Little information exists on vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus in women not infected with HIV This study in a large unselected population of infants born to HIV-1 negative mothers suggests that intravenous drug use itself is an important risk factor for transmission of hepatitis C virus Maternal post-transfusional hepatitis is also an important risk factor for infection of infants Viral genotype, maternal viraemia, type of delivery (vaginal delivery or caesarean section) and breast feeding do not seem to be risk factors In utero transmission of hepatitis C virus has been suggested by RNA positivity on day of birth in some infected children
Liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of terpene lactones in plasma of volunteers dosed with Ginkgo biloba L. extracts.

Liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-ITMS) was applied to evaluate the levels of ginkgolides A and B and bilobalide in plasma of volunteers after administration of Ginkgo biloba extracts in free (Ginkgoselect) or phospholipid complex (Ginkgoselect Phytosome) forms, providing 9.6 mg of total terpene lactones. The maximum plasma concentrations, C(max), of total ginkgolides A, B and bilobalide were 85.0 and 181.8 microg/mL for Ginkgoselect and Ginkgoselect Phytosome, respectively. The C(max) values were reached at 120 min for the free form and at 180--240 min for the phospholipid complex form. In both cases, the mean elimination half-life of each terpene lactone was in the range 120--180 min. Due to its sensitivity (about 1 ng/mL) and specificity, LC/APCI-ITMS proved to be a very powerful tool for pharmacokinetic studies of these phytochemicals.
Sensitivity of the Neuromagnetic N100m Deflection to Spectral Bandwidth: A Function of the Auditory Periphery?

The amplitude of the auditory evoked field (AEF) component N100m in response to tonal stimuli of varying spectral bandwidth and periodicity was compared with simulated peripheral activity patterns of the auditory nerve (AN). The AEF of ten subjects was recorded with a 37-channel axial gradiometer system (four independent measurement sessions per hemisphere). The simulated peripheral activity was characterized using measures derived from spike probabilities of the AN. Stimuli were pure tones, narrow-band harmonic complex tones (spectrum: 4–4.8 kHz), and broad-band harmonic complex tones (spectrum: 800 Hz–4.8 kHz) with periodicities of 100, 200, and 400 Hz. The intensity of all stimuli was set to 65 dB above the absolute thresholds. Both the simulated AN activity and measured cortical response amplitudes increased consistently with spectral bandwidth. This suggests that the enhanced sensitivity of the N100m amplitude to broad-band complex tones is to some extent a function of the auditory periphery.
Expression of OATP1A2 in red blood cells and its potential impact on antimalarial therapy

Important antimalarial drugs including quinolines act against blood schizonts by interfering with hemoglobin metabolism. To reach their site of action, these compounds have to cross the plasma membrane of red blood cells (RBCs). Organic cation transporters (OCTs) and organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) are important uptake transporters and interesting candidates for local drug transport. We therefore studied their interaction with antimalarial compounds (quinine, chloroquine, mefloquine, pyrimethamine, artemisinin and artesunate) and characterized the expression of OATP1A2 and OATP2B1 in RBCs. Competition assays using transporter-overexpressing MDCKII cells and the model substrate estrone-3-sulfate identified quinine and chloroquine as potent inhibitors of OATP1A2 function (IC 50 : quinine: 0.7 ± 1.2 µmol/l; chloroquine: 1.0 ± 1.5 µmol/l), while no or only moderate effects were observed for OATP2B1. Subsequently, quinine was identified as a substrate of OATP1A2 (K m : 23.4 µmol/l). The OATP1A2-mediated uptake was sensitive to the OATP1A2-specific inhibitor naringin. Both OATPs were expressed in human RBCs and ex vivo transport studies demonstrated naringin-sensitive accumulation of quinine in these cells (60 pmol vs. 38 pmol/5 × 10 5 RBCs). Additional transport studies using OCT1-3 and OCTN1 indicated only significant quinine uptake by OCT1, which was not detected in RBCs. In conclusion, our data demonstrate expression of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 in RBCs, as well as OATP1A2-mediated uptake of quinine. Therefore, modulation of OATP1A2 function may affect quinine uptake into erythrocytes.
Molecular Characterization of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Strain DF-2 and Studies of the Role of ORF3abc in Viral Cell Tropism

ABSTRACT The full-length genome of the highly lethal feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strain DF-2 was sequenced and cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) to study the role of ORF3abc in the FIPV-feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) transition. The reverse genetic system allowed the replacement of the truncated ORF3abc of the original FIPV DF-2 genome with the intact ORF3abc of the canine coronavirus (CCoV) reference strain Elmo/02. The in vitro replication kinetics of these two viruses was studied in CrFK and FCWF-4 cell lines, as well as in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Both viruses showed similar replication kinetics in established cell lines. However, the strain with a full-length ORF3 showed markedly lower replication of more than 2 log10 titers in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Our results suggest that the truncated ORF3abc plays an important role in the efficient macrophage/monocyte tropism of type II FIPV.
Cyclostationary Signatures in Practical Cognitive Radio Applications

We define a cyclostationary signature as a feature which may be intentionally embedded in a digital communications signal, detected through cyclostationary analysis and used as a unique identifier. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how cyclostationary signatures can be exploited to overcome a number of the challenges associated with network coordination in emerging cognitive radio applications and spectrum sharing regimes. In particular we show their uses for signal detection, network identification and rendezvous and discuss these in the context of dynamic spectrum access. We present a theoretical discussion followed by application-oriented examples of the cyclostationary signatures used in practical cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum usage scenarios. We focus on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based systems and present an analysis of a transceiver implementation employing these techniques developed on a cognitive radio test platform.
A supervised approach to time scale detection in dynamic networks

For any stream of time-stamped edges that form a dynamic network, an important choice is the aggregation granularity that an analyst uses to bin the data. Picking such a windowing of the data is often done by hand, or left up to the technology that is collecting the data. However, the choice can make a big difference in the properties of the dynamic network. This is the time scale detection problem. In previous work, this problem is often solved with a heuristic as an unsupervised task. As an unsupervised problem, it is difficult to measure how well a given algorithm performs. In addition, we show that the quality of the windowing is dependent on which task an analyst wants to perform on the network after windowing. Therefore the time scale detection problem should not be handled independently from the rest of the analysis of the network. We introduce a framework that tackles both of these issues: By measuring the performance of the time scale detection algorithm based on how well a given task is accomplished on the resulting network, we are for the first time able to directly compare different time scale detection algorithms to each other. Using this framework, we introduce time scale detection algorithms that take a supervised approach: they leverage ground truth on training data to find a good windowing of the test data. We compare the supervised approach to previous approaches and several baselines on real data.