Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF RESIDENCE TIME ON PHOSPHATE DISTRIBUTION IN PHOSPHATE/COMPOST TREATED SOIL

Sequential extraction technique of phosphorus using different extractant solutions were carried out to separate various pools of soil phosphorus such as (I) labile (plant available) P i , (2) inorganic P bound to Fe and Al, (3) inorganic P bound to Ca and Mg, (4) organic P, and (5) residual P. The procedure were developed for some amendments applied in this study containing compost (C), phosphate Rock (PR), Citric acid (CA) in different combination treatments, to recognize plant available P in readily available forms (water soluble and bicarbonate form), refractory forms (NaOH-P, Po, HCL Pi, residual-P). Moreover, the rate process of P released from these systems was also determined to evaluate the rate distribution of P in different forms as affected by compost treatments and residence time and subsequently P availability in such systems. The obtained results indicated that application of compost treated with 15%PR (T3), the best treatment in overall experiment, increased the extractable phosphorus extracted with H 2 O (WS) compared with the other treatments. The acidification of PR by citric acid at different rates of 2 and 4 % applied to sandy soil gradually increased the WS fraction compared with control (PR) through the incubation periods. The higher readily available P was particularly observed after 30 and 120 days of soil incubation period. For these available forms, data showed that the extractable fraction of P by sodium bicarbonate (the exchangeable form) varied significantly for the investigated treatments and time of incubation. The extractable fraction of P by NaOH gave the higher available values particularly for T3 compared with other treatments. In HCl-P pool, results indicated that application of citric acid at rate of 2% was also increased this pool by about 12 % over control. Increasing the rate up to 4% gradually increased this fraction by about 25 % particularly after 15 days of incubation. Data reveared that the extractable fractions of phosphorus by EDTA for the investigated treatments were varied according to treatment applied or incubation time of treatments; nevertheless higher values were noticed again in T3. The application of kinetic study applied in this experiment showed that the concentration of P through the entire reaction time was varied in different forms into two stages which representing different mechanisms controlled P distribution and P availability through the entire reaction time.
Financial Literacy and Its Impact on Czech Population

In recent years, developed and emerging countries and economies have become increasingly concerned about the level of financial literacy of their citizens. This paper was focused on the level of financial literacy among the young and working Czech population between 18 and 33 years of age. This group of people was specifically chosen because of the importance of knowing the level of financial literacy of this generation, as it is starting life, along with all of its difficulties, and out of which will arise the next generation. The results can be used at the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports as the base for the evaluation of the level of financial education of this generation and for the possible adaptation of the Strategy. This survey was conducted at the Universities in Aeske BudAjovice, with the aid of a questionnaire and was statistically evaluated. From the result of it follows big area for the educational process in the raising of young people.
Does Better Information About Hospital Quality Affect Patients' Choice? Empirical Findings from Germany

Background: Economic theory strongly suggests that better information about the quality of care affects patients’ choice of health service providers. However, we have little empirical evidence about the impact of information provided on provider’s choice in Germany. Problem: In Germany, we recently find publicly available information about hospital quality. For example, 50 percent of the hospitals in the Rhine-Ruhr area do now publish their quality data voluntarily in a comprehensive, understandable and well prepared publication. Empirically, we see a strong demand for this publication. However, we do not have information so far, if – and how – this information affect patients’ choice of hospitals. Data and methodology: We take cross sectional time series data from more than 700.000 patients in the Rhine-Ruhr area and in the Cologne-Bonn area (control group) for the time period 2003 to 2006, i.e. 16 quarters. We examine whether the publication of quality information affects market shares and number of cases of the hospitals as well as travelling distance that patients accept to get to the hospital of their choice. In order to account for hospital-specific heterogeneity, we use fixed and random effects models. Results: First: Hospitals, which publish their quality data voluntarily, do attract more patients – compared to such hospital, that do not publish their quality data. Second: In the group of the publishing hospitals, hospitals with a higher than average quality slightly increased their market shares, whereas hospitals with a lower than average quality lost market shares. Conclusion: The provision of quality data has a significant impact on hospital choice: a higher quality leads to a higher demand. Based on these finding decision makers in hospitals have strong incentives (i) to make quality information publicly available and (ii) to keep their quality of care high.
Capital Structure and Financial Performance in Nigeria

Capital structure has been found to have impact on firm performance. Bank consolidation in Nigeria has increased bank equity capital against debt. This study aims to determine the impact of post-consolidation capital structure on the financial performance of Nigeria quoted banks. The study used profit before tax as a dependent variable and two capital structure variables (equity and debt) as independent variables. The sample for the study consists of ten (10) Nigerian banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock exchange (NSE) and period of eight (8) years from 2005 to 2012. The required data and information for the study were gathered from published annual reports. Ordinary least square regression analysis of secondary data shows that capital structure has a significant positive relationship with the financial performance of Nigeria quoted banks. This suggests that the management of quoted banks in Nigeria consistently use debt and equity capital in financing to improve earnings.
Traceable measurement of nanoparticle size using transmission scanning electron microscopy (TSEM)

Nanoparticles are increasingly used in science and technology due to their size-dependent features which enable new and improved applications. Possible associated risks and regulatory demands emphasize the need for versatile and traceable methods for nanoparticle characterization, especially for size determination. Microscopic techniques are beneficially employed for this purpose because they directly yield information about the size distribution and morphology of the nanoparticles under test.
Characteristics and sources of aerosol aminiums over the eastern coast of China: insights from the integrated observations in a coastal city, adjacent island and surrounding marginal seas

Abstract. An integrated observation of aerosol aminiums was conducted in a coastal city (Shanghai) in eastern China, a nearby island (Huaniao Island), and over the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (YECS). Triethylaminium (TEAH+) was abundant over Shanghai but not detected over the island and the open seas, suggesting its predominantly terrestrial origin. By contrast, relatively high concentrations of dimethylaminium (DMAH+) and trimethylaminium + diethylaminium (TMDEAH+) were measured over the ocean sites, indicating the significant marine source contribution. Environmental factors, including boundary layer height (BLH), temperature, atmospheric oxidizing capacity and relative humidity, were found to be related to aminium concentrations. All the detected aminiums demonstrated the highest levels in winter in Shanghai, consistent with the lowest BLH and temperature in this season. Aminiums mainly existed in fine particles and showed a bimodal distribution, with two peaks at 0.18–0.32 µm and 0.56–1.0 µm, indicating that condensation and cloud processing were the main formation pathways for aminiums in analogy with NH4+ and non-sea-salt SO42- (nss-SO42-). Nonetheless, a unimodal distribution for aerosol aminiums was usually measured over the YECS or over Huaniao Island when influenced mainly by the marine air mass, which suggested that aminiums in marine aerosols may undergo different formation pathways from those on the land. Terrestrial anthropogenic sources and marine biogenic sources were both important contributors for DMAH+ and TMDEAH+, and the latter exhibited a significantly higher TMDEAH+ to DMAH+ ratio. By using the mass ratio of methanesulfonate (MSA) to nss-SO42- as an indicator of marine biogenic source, we estimated that marine biogenic source contributed to 26 %–31 % and 53 %–78 % of aerosol aminiums over Huaniao Island in the autumn of 2016 and summer of 2017, respectively. Due to the important role of atmospheric amines in new particle formation, the estimation results highlighted the importance of marine biogenic emission of amines on the eastern coast of China, especially in summer.
Impact of Dancing on Obesity Indices on Bengalee Female Adolescents of Kolkata

Growth spurts generally occurs at adolescents when favourable conditions operate throughout the entire period of growth. This growth, especially in terms of body height, is a mark of a country’s socio- economic improvement as well as a child’s general condition or health. But along with this growth, the change in the lifestyle is resulting in excess body weight or obesity a serious public health challenge of the 21st century. On the other hand, movement, a basic form of communication, through dance, helps in recreation and to express. In this backdrop, a study has been undertaken to observe the influence of dancing on growth in terms of body height and obesity indices like WHR, WHtR, BAI, BMAI, HAI, CI and CFR in Bengalee female adolescents of Kolkata. 33 adolescent female individuals, receiving dance training for a minimum period of 5 years and practicing regularly for at least an hour for 6 days in a week constituted the dancing group (DG). The control group (CG) had 37 female individuals of comparable age and socio-economic background, but not receiving training in any form of dance or exercise. It was found that the adolescent female individuals practicing dance regularly have significantly (P < 0.05) higher growth but significantly (P < 0.05) lower obesity indices compared to their age matched counterparts. It may be concluded that dance is a cost effective beneficial way of exercising; it can serve as potential tool for growth and optimum body composition in Bengalee female adolescents of Kolkata.
It's renin in the brain: transgenic animals elucidate the brain renin angiotensin system.

Since the first description of renin, angiotensinogen and angiotensin as well as converting enzyme and angiotensin receptors in the brain exactly 30 years ago,1–5⇓⇓⇓⇓ there was a heated debate, whether an endogenous intrinsic brain renin- angiotensin system (RAS) exists or not.6,7⇓ For a long time, the “believers” of local angiotensin II generation by the brain RAS were in a minority. Even at a symposium 1981, celebrating the 10-year anniversary of the discovery of the brain RAS, there was skepticism and the question whether the “renin-like” enzyme in brain was identical with cathepsins, tonin, or other proteases was a matter of debate. Historically, it is interesting that the presence in the brain of other classically peripheral peptides such as insulin, glucagon, and substance P was accepted without identification of the local synthetic pathway and less controversial than angiotensin as neuropeptide. Open letters, public debates, and personal accusations nourished sometimes emotional controversy whether angiotensin could be generated locally in tissue. The brain was a model for angiotensin generating pathways in other extrarenal tissues because the blood-brain barrier, which is impermeable for proteins and peptides, made it more unlikely that the RAS components measured in the brain were contaminations from the plasma. Angiotensin has extremely powerful effects on the brain that synergistically increase blood volume and blood pressure, eg, by stimulation of water intake and salt appetite, release of various pituitary hormones, increase of sympathetic tone, and decrease of baroreceptor reflex.7 The local generation of angiotensin II in the brain by an endogenous intrinsic RAS could therefore be extremely important for cardiovascular control and beyond. With the advent of transgenic technology, novel approaches to study the mechanistic and functional aspects of the brain RAS became available. Renin and angiotensinogen could be overexpressed or ablated …
Tilburg University Coordination in continuously repeated games

In this paper we propose a model to describe the e ectiveness of coordination in a continuously repeated two-player game. We study how the choice of a decision rule by a coordinator a ects the strategic behavior of the players, resulting in more or less cooperation. Our model requires the analysis of an in nite-horizon nonlinear di erential game with a one-dimensional state space, and we propose a method to obtain numerically the stationary feedback Nash equilibria for such games. This method is based on solving the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equations directly.
Changes in leukocyte HSPA1A, HSPB1 mRNA in basketball players after plyometric training

Article statistics Word count: 2,019; Tables: 1; Figures: 1; References: 30 Received: December 2015; Accepted: February 2016; Published: March 2016 Full-text PDF: http://www.balticsportscience. com Copyright © Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland Indexation: AGRO, Celdes, CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), CNPIEC, De Gruyter IBR (International Bibliography of Reviews of Scholarly Literature in the Humanities and Social Sciences), De Gruyter IBZ (International Bibliography of Periodical Literature in the Humanities and Social Sciences), DOAJ, EBSCO Central & Eastern European Academic Source, EBSCO SPORTDiscus, EBSCO Discovery Service, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, J-Gate, Naviga (Softweco, Primo Central (ExLibris), ProQuest Family Health, ProQuest Health & Medical Complete, ProQuest Illustrata: Health Sciences, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source, Summon (Serials Solutions/ProQuest, TDOne (TDNet), Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory/ulrichsweb, WorldCat (OCLC) Funding: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Conflict of interest: Authors have declared that no competing interest exists. Corresponding author: Dr Małgorzata Żychowska, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, ul. K. Górskiego 1, 80-336 Gdańsk; Poland, phone no. 881555337, e-mail: zychowska.m@gmail.com Open Access License: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. abstract
Benchmarking protocols for the metagenomic analysis of stream biofilm viromes

Viruses drive microbial diversity, function and evolution and influence important biogeochemical cycles in aquatic ecosystems. Despite their relevance, we currently lack an understanding of their potential impacts on stream biofilm structure and function. This is surprising given the critical role of biofilms for stream ecosystem processes. Currently, the study of viruses in stream biofilms is hindered by the lack of an optimized protocol for their extraction, concentration and purification. Here, we evaluate a range of methods to separate viral particles from stream biofilms, and to concentrate and purify them prior to DNA extraction and metagenome sequencing. Based on epifluorescence microscopy counts of viral-like particles (VLP) and DNA yields, we optimize a protocol including treatment with tetrasodium pyrophosphate and ultra-sonication to disintegrate biofilms, tangential-flow filtration to extract and concentrate VLP, followed by ultracentrifugation in a sucrose density gradient to isolate VLP from the biofilm slurry. Viromes derived from biofilms sampled from three different streams were dominated by Siphoviridae, Myoviridae and Podoviridae and provide first insights into the viral diversity of stream biofilms. Our protocol optimization provides an important step towards a better understanding of the ecological role of viruses in stream biofilms.
Fuel Costs Minimization on a Steel Billet Reheating Furnace Using Genetic Algorithms

Metallurgy industries often use steel billets, at a proper temperature, to achieve the desired metallurgical, mechanical, and dimensional properties of manufactured products. Optimal operation of steel billet reheating furnaces requires the minimization of fuel consumption while maintaining a homogeneous material thermal soak. In this study, the operation of a reheating furnace is modeled as a nonlinear optimization problem with the goal of minimizing fuel cost while satisfying a desired discharge temperature. For this purpose, a genetic algorithms approach is developed. Computational simulation results show that it is possible to minimize costs for different charge temperatures and production rates using the implemented method. Additionally, practical results are validated with actual data, in a specific scenario, showing a reduction of 3.36% of fuel consumption.
Enhanced hydrogen production with photo‐induced phase transformation and cocatalyst loading

In this study, reduced graphene oxide (RGO)‐Cd(1 − x)ZnxS nanocomposites have been synthesized with the solvothermal method in one pot. Moreover Pt, Ru, and Rh nanoparticles have been loaded on the RGO‐Cd(1 − x)ZnxS nanocomposites as cocatalysts with the aim of increasing the photocatalytic (PC) performance for hydrogen evolution reaction. The structure of Cd(1 − x)ZnxS blend transforms from cubic to hexagonal structure during the PC hydrogen evolution reaction (PCHER) at the room temperature. This photo‐induced phase transformation (PIPT) enhances not only the hydrogen evolution rate, but also the stability of the photocatalysts. Interestingly, RGO triggers the PIPT process only during the PCHER under solar light illumination. On the other hand, the loading of Pt, Ru, and Rh cocatalysts do not affect the PIPT process. However, they enhance the PC and photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production activity of RGO‐Cd(1 − x)ZnxS photocatalyst. PEC performance increases about 5.5 times when Pt (5%) and RGO are added to the Cd0.60Zn0. 40S catalyst. RGO‐Cd0.60Zn0. 40S including 1.5% Rh photocatalyst reaches a remarkable PC hydrogen production rate of 135 μmolh−1 with QE of 23.3% at 460 nm. Therefore, Rh cocatalyst appears as a good alternative to Pt.
Title Propofol produces preventive analgesia via GluN 2 B-containing NMDA Receptor / ERK 1 / 2 Signaling Pathway in the rat model of Inflammatory Pain

Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, has been shown to offer superior analgesic effect clinically. Whether propofol has preventive analgesic property remains unexplored. The present study investigated the antinociceptive effect of propofol and underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms via pre-emptive administration in a formalin-induced inflammatory pain model in rats. Male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups: naı̈ve (Group Naı̈ve), formalin injection only (Group Formalin), and formalin injection at 30 min (Group P-30 min) or 2 h (Group P-2 h) after intravenous infusion of propofol (0.6 mg kg min ) for 1 h. Nociceptive responses and protein expression of phosphorylatedor pan-GluN2B, ERK1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the spinal dorsal horn were evaluated. Alteration of intracellular Ca2þ concentration induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonists with or without pre-treatment of propofol was measured using fluorometry in SH-SY5Y cells while neuronal activation in the spinal dorsal horn by immunofluorescence. Preemptive propofol reduced pain with a delayed response to formalin and a reduction in hypersensitivity that lasted at least for 2 h. The formalin-induced activation of spinal GluN2B and ERK1/2 but not p38 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase was also diminished by propofol treatment. Preconditioning treatment with 3mM and 10mM of propofol inhibited Ca2þ influx mediated through NMDA receptors in SH-SY5Y cells. Propofol also reduced the neuronal expression of c-Fos and p-ERK induced by formalin. This study shows that pre-emptive administration of propofol produces preventive analgesic effects on inflammatory pain through regulating neuronal GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor and ERK1/2 pathway in the spinal dorsal horn.
Correlation between body mass index and cardiac parameters in obese and non obese critically ill patients at Cairo university hospitals

Background : Obesity is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as reduced life expectancy . Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cardiovascular diseases has been consistently observed, but remain poorly understood possibly because of interactions with other influencing factors. One unresolved question is whether there is a linear relationship. The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between BMI and cardiac parameters among obese and non obese critically ill patients at Cairo university hospitals. Methods: A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized in this study. a purposive sample of 115 male and 70 female obese patients with body Mass Index > 30 kg/m2 and also 98 male and 33 female non obese patients with body Mass Index of 18.50 – 24.99 kg/m2 were selected from three intensive care units which were; medical ICU , emergency ICU, and coronary ICU . Parameters such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure and pulse blood pressure were assessed. Results: the mean ages of subjects were largely similar irrespective of sex (53-55 years). The study findings revealed that there is no significant correlation what so ever between cardiac parameters and body mass index in both obese and non obese males and females. In addition, there is positive correlation between age and body mass index among obese male(r=0.2, p=0.01). Moreover, there is significant statistical difference between non obese male and female as regards height, systolic pressure, and pulse pressure. However, the present study findings revealed increased frequencies of chronic diseases as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart diseases and stroke among obese patients as compared to non obese patients. Conclusion: There is no correlation between body mass index and cardiac parameters among obese and non obese critically ill patients. Recommendation: More research is needed to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular diseases on a large probability samples to ensure generalization of results. Key Words : body mass index, cardiac parameters, obese and non obese.