Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Subfamily of Urostylidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

THROUGH THE KINDNESS of Dr. R. 1. Sailer of the United States National Museum we recently have had the opportunity to study a very remarkable insect from Borneo. With some hesitation we place this insect in the pentatomoid family Urostylidae as a new subfamily , although the differences between this new species and previously known urostylids are of considerable magnitude. The systematic position of this curious insect is of considerable interest. The presence of ventral abdominal trichobothria places Saileriola in the Trichophora of Tullgren (1918). Although trichobothria are absent in some Pentatomorpha (Leston, Pendergrast and Southwood, 1954) such as the lygaeid genus Oxyearenus and the plataspid Lestonia, so far as is known no cimicomorphs possess trichobothria. Likewise the presence of arolia and pseudoarolia precludes many cimicoid groups. Once the position of the species in the trichophora is established, one is faced primarily with the problem of pentatomoid or lygaeoid affinities. The apparently fivesegmented antenna is of course pentatomoid, although certainly not definitive; some pentatomoids possess fourand even three-segmented antennae, and five-segmented anten-
Genetic Identification and Population Structure of Juvenile Mullet ( Mugilidae ) Collected for Aquaculture in East Africa

There is a growing demand for wild caught juvenile fish to supply the market for aquaculture. We investigated the local genetic structure of juvenile mullets collected at five sites around Bagamoyo (Tanzanian mainland) and Zanzibar, East Africa. Fish were caught at low tide using a seine net in the same manner used for aquaculture. Specimens were morphologically identified and then genetically identified using direct sequencing of the CO1 gene with crossreferencing to a recent paper on mullet phylogeny. Molecular variance analyses were used to infer genetic subdivision between the sampling sites and population structure using the Bayesian assignment test. Our results revealed that samples morphologically identified as Mugil cephalus were in fact Valamugil buchanani and, potentially, an unknown species, and we also found evidence of gene flow from other species that may have affected the gene pool. Bayesian analysis revealed a clear genetic population structure within the sampled fish community with a unique mainland cluster. Our findings may have important implications for management and conservation of mullets in the region and elsewhere.
Change of Industrial Strategies and Government-Business Relationsip in India

India has emerged as the Asia’s new economic power. Many studies have applauded its significant economic development. Recently, however, Indian economy has also experienced sluggish growth and has faced pessimistic prediction. This paper will explore the reasons behind these divergent views by investigating India’s industrial strategies and the structural characteristics of economic governance through an examination of the relationship between Indian government and businesses by firm type and industrial sector.
Capacity Building Needs of Electronic Technology Lecturers for Integration of Mobile Phone Hardware Repairs into the Electronic Curriculum

The study was carried out to determine the capacity building needs of electronic technology lecturers for integration of mobile phone hardware repairs into the electronic curriculum. In carrying out the research, five research questions and five null hypotheses were formulated for the study. The population for the study was 39 electronic technology lecturers. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using mean while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the five null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed the skill needs of electronic technology lecturers for integration of mobile phone hardware repairs into the electronic curriculum on mobile phone components identification, mobile phone hardware repair tools identification, disassembling and assembling of mobile phones, identification of mobile phone hardware faults, and remedying of mobile phones hardware faults. It was therefore recommended that in-service trainings should be given to the electronic lecturers in these skill need areas to ensure effective integration of mobile phone hardware repairs into the electronic curriculum. Keywords: Electronic Technology, Mobile Phone Repairs, Curriculum, Capacity Building
Renewable Energy Sources based Five Level Voltage Source Inverter with SPWM Technique for Grid Connection

The Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) systems which directly supply power to the grid are becoming more widely used. The photovoltaic (PV) field has given rise to a global industry capable of producing many gig watts (GW). The active and reactive power feed-in by grid-connected solar PV systems will result in voltage rise over its maximum limit in distribution systems.
Effect of levels of supplementation of concentrate containing high levels of cassava chip on rumen ecology, microbial N supply and digestibility of nutrients in beef cattle

The object of this study was to determine the influence of supplementation of concentrate containing high levels of cassava chip on rumen ecology, microbial protein and digestibility of nutrients. Four, rumen fistulated crossbred beef steers with initial body weight of 400±10 kg were randomly assigned according to a 4x4 Latin square design. The dietary treatments were concentrate cassava chip based offering at 0, 1, 2 and 3% BW with urea-treated rice straw fed ad libitum. It was found that ruminal pH was significantly decreased with increase of concentrate. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration in the rumen was significantly different among treatments. In addition, a molar proportion of propionate was higher in supplemented groups at 2 and 3% BW (p<0.05), leading to significantly decreased acetate:propionate ratio. Furthermore, microbial N supply was significantly improved and was highest at 2% BW supplementation. The efficiency of rumen microbial-N synthesis based on organic matter (OM) truly digested in the rumen was highest in level of concentrate supplementation at 2% BW (80% of cassava chip in diets). Moreover, bacterial populations such as amylolytic bacteria was linearly increased, while cellulolytic bacteria was linearly decreased (p<0.01) when cattle received concentrate supplementation in all levels. The total protozoal counts were significantly increased, while fungal zoospores were dramatically decreased in cattle receiving increased levels of concentrate. In conclusion, cassava chip can be use as energy source at 80% in concentrate and supplementation of concentrate at 2% BW with urea-treated rice straw as roughage could improve rumen fermentation efficiency in beef cattle.
HYBRID MODULAR MODEL FOR TIME SERIES FORECASTING BASED ON NEURO-FUZZY NETWORK AND FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPS

In this paper, we consider a hybrid approach to forecasting time series using neuron-fuzzy prediction models and Fuzzy Cognitive Maps. Main idea of proposed approach is hybridization two different ways for time series forecasting. We can make quantitative and qualitative forecast. In addition, we describe the different approaches to learning and optimization of the network, such as the methods of particle swarm, evolutionary methods, as well as variants of the hybridization of these methods. Also, in a comparison of the results of the prediction for example, one of the indicators of the State Program of Development of Science and Technology is forecast schedule.
Multi-Temporal Change Detection at a Limestone Mining and Cement Production Facility in Central Nigeria

Limestone mining and cement production at Yandev, Nigeria commenced in 1980 without an environmental impact assessment (EIA) to ascertain the extent of impact these activities could bring to bear on the physical and living conditions of the host environment. This study was carried out to assess the impact that mining of limestone and production of cement has inflicted on the quality and density of vegetation within the study area about 32 years since production commenced. Multi-temporal satellite imageries of the study area (Landsat for 1976, 1986, 1996 and Nigeriasat-1 for 2006), ILWIS Academia 3.3 and SPSS Version 15 were used for data analyses. Landuse and landcover (LULC) change detection; land surface temperature (LST) extraction; and normalized differentials of vegetation index (NDVI) estimation were carried out. The paired t-test was used for landcover data analysis. The study discovered first, that LULC changes occurred with built-up area increasing from 0.05 km2 in 1976 to 1.51 km2 by 2006, thus representing the landcover category with the highest gain. Conversely, thick vegetation declined from 4.30 km2 in 1976 to 1.51 km2 in 2006. Thick vegetation category lost to all other landcover categories while gaining only 0.07 from water bodies. The projected LULC of the study area by 2015 reveal an expected expansion in built-up area from 1.51 km2 in 2006 to 1.90 km2 by 2015, whereas thick vegetation is expected to further decline from 1.51 km2 in 2006 to 0.80 km2 by 2015. Second, the LST have risen over the study epochs (1976, 1986 and 1996) while NDVI signifies decline in quality and health status of vegetation cover over the study period (1986, 1996 and 2006). The study concludes that there is rapid decline in density and quality of vegetation cover within the study area. Ameliorative measures are recommended to include reforestation and improvement in limestone mining methods/techniques amongst others.
DENSE IMAGE MATCHING WITH TWO STEPS OF EXPANSION

Abstract. Dense image matching is a basic and key point of photogrammetry and computer version. In this paper, we provide a method derived from the seed-and-grow method, whose basic procedure consists of the following: First, the seed and feature points are extracted, after which the feature points around every seed point are found in the first step of expansion. The corresponding information on these feature points needs to be determined. This is followed by the second step of expansion, in which the seed points around the feature point are found and used to estimate the possible matching patch. Finally, the matching results are refined through the traditional correlation-based method. Our proposed method operates on two frames without geometric constraints, specifically, epipolar constraints. It (1) can smoothly operate on frame, line array, natural scene, and even synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and (2) at the same time guarantees computing efficiency as a result of the seed-and-grow concept and the computational efficiency of the correlation-based method.
Investigating the Acquisition of Software Systems that Rely on Open Architecture and Open Source Software

Abstract : In 2007-08, we began an investigation of problems, issues, and opportunities that arise during the acquisition of software systems that rely on open architectures and open source software. The current effort funded for 2009 seeks to continue and build on the results in this area, while refining its focus to center on the essential constraints and trade-offs we have identified for software-intensive systems with open architecture (OA) and continuously evolving open source software (OSS) elements. The U.S. Air Force, Army, and Navy have all committed to an open technology development strategy that encourages the acquisition of software systems whose requirements include the development or composition of an OA for such systems, and the use of OSS systems, components, or development processes when appropriate. Our goal is to further develop and document foundations for emerging policy and guidance for acquiring software systems that require OA and that incorporate OSS elements. This report documents and describes the findings and results that we have produced as a result of our research into the area of the acquisition of software systems that rely on OA and OSS. In particular, it includes four research papers that have been refereed, reviewed, presented, and published in national and international research conferences, symposia, and workshops.
Reported earnings and analyst forecasts as competing sources of information: A new approach

We apply a new methodology, modified Granger causality tests, to further analyze the information flows between earnings and forecasts. Our application focuses on the dynamic interaction between reported earnings and analysts’ forecasts. Based on long time series of analyst earnings forecasts and reported earnings, we provide formal and compelling evidence of bi-directional ‘causality’. Further, we report that the lag structure in information flows is longer than has been documented in the previous literature. This is consistent with our expectation that, in addition to past earnings reports, the forecasts themselves make a significant contribution to the information that is reflected in future earnings. However, the presence of feedback also suggests that past earnings reports, as well as past forecasts, are incorporated into later forecasts. Collectively, our findings imply that the information in earnings reports has inherent positive value and that forecasts do not fully substitute for earnings releases.
Effects of land use on benthic macroinvertebrate communities: Comparison of two mountain streams in Korea

Anthropogenic land use within watersheds has substantial effects on aquatic habitats and biological communities. From September 2006 to December 2008, we investigated the effects of land use on benthic macroinvertebrate communities by comparing Song Stream and Odae Stream, two adjacent mountain streams in Korea whose watersheds have different land use patterns. Song Stream is significantly disturbed by agricultural activities in the watershed, whereas Odae Stream is relatively undisturbed and is surrounded by a well-conserved forest area. Song Stream had significantly higher levels of all nutrients and sediment-related factors due to the adjacent agricultural area. As a result, Song Stream had markedly lower species community indices, such as taxa richness and abundance. In Song Stream, macroinvertebrate scrapers and predators were most adversely affected, whereas collector-gatherers became a dominant group. Based on correlation and multivariate analyses, total dissolved solids had the strongest negative relationship with macroinvertebrate assemblages, followed by electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, and pH. The proportion of cobble in stream substrate was positively related to the richness and abundance of macroinvertebrates. Our results indicate that disturbances caused by agricultural land use, particularly sand deposition, had significant adverse effects on macroinvertebrate habitats and on the biotic integrity of benthic macroinvertebrate communities.
Chemosensory Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Conspecifics by Juveniles of the Iberian Wall Lizard Podarcis hispanica

Chemosensory recognition of familiar conspecifics has been reported in studies with members of several lizard families and may be advantageous to distinguish between intruders and neighbors or group members. However,few species have been studied and information on the ability to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics by chemosensory means is lacking for most lizard families. In this paper we ask whether juveniles of the Iberian wall lizard Podarcis hispanica (Lacertidae),can discriminate between chemical signals from familiar conspecifics with whom they have shared a terrarium for several months and those from unfamiliar conspecifics housed in a different terrarium. Experimental trials were conducted by transferring juveniles to a test terrarium with a filter paper substrate. We tested the responses of lizards to paper substrates labeled by familiar cage-mates,unfamiliar conspecifics,or unlabeled. Tongueflicks and other behaviors in response to pheromonal stimuli were recorded for 10 min Juveniles directed more chemosensory behavior towards paper substrates bearing chemicals from familiar conspecifics than towards similar paper substrates labeled by unfamiliar conspecifics. These results indicate that juveniles in this lizard species can recognize familiar conspecifics and discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar individuals using only chemical stimuli. We discuss the role of habituation in familiar conspecific recognition and review possible explanations of the functional significance of this type of discrimination in lizards.
Stress Cardiomyopathy was Prone to Occur in Patients with Chronic Diseases: Maybe a Good Thing

Backgroundi¼Stress Cardiomyopathy (SCM) is an increasingly reported disease as a syndrome of acute, severe, but reversible, which is commonly triggered by an acute strong physical or emotional stress. But little is known whether chronic diseases may contribute to the occurrence of SCM. Methodi¼The case reports about SCM from January 1998 to May 2014 were searched in the PubMed using the Medical Subject Headings: “tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy” or “stress cardiomyopathy” or ‘‘ampulla syndrome’’ or ‘‘apical ballooning syndrome’’ or ‘‘broken heart syndrome’’. The publications were excluded which didn’t meet the inclusion criteria. SCM patients with and without chronic diseases were CD group and NCD group, respectively. The CD group was further classified into nine subgroups according to underlying chronic diseases. The circulatory diseases group which had the highest percentage in CD group was analyzed further. Results: 1331 literatures about SCM were collected, in which 1052 documents were eligible. In these documents, 1206 patients were reported, 795 had chronic diseases, 411 had no significant past medical history. The average age in NCD group was younger than that in CD group (57.3 ± 0.9 years versus 62.4 ± 0.6 years, P < 0.01). The number of SCM patients with Circulatory diseases was the most, then was Endocrine, Digestive, Respiratory, etc. The proportion of hypertension was 74.0% in circulatory diseases followed by dyslipidemia 29.3%, arrhythmia 10.1%, coronary artery disease 5.8%, etc. Conclusioni¼According to our results, the chronic diseases, especially hypertension, rose the rate of occurrence and delayed the onset age of SCM.
Fiscal shocks and real rigidities by Francesco Furlanetto and Martin Seneca

In this paper we show that empirically plausible results on the e¤ects of scal shocks in Galí, López-Salido and Vallés (2007) rely on a high degree of price stickiness and a large percentage of nancially constrained agents. Real rigidities in the form of habit persistence, xed rm-speci c capital and Kimball demand curves interact in interesting ways with nominal and nancial rigidities and allow us to reproduce the same consumption multiplier as Galí et al. (2007) under only two and a half quarters of price stickiness, instead of four, and only 30 per cent of constrained agents instead of 50 per cent. Therefore, real rigidities are useful in the study of scal shocks in addition to monetary and productivity shocks as has been shown in the previous literature. JEL Classi cation: E32, E62. Keywords: rule-of-thumb consumers, scal shocks, nominal rigidities, real rigidities, rm-speci c capital, habit persistence, Kimball demand curves. We thank (without implicating) Maarten Dossche, Jordi Galí, Gisle Natvik, Bo Sandemann Rasmussen and Tommy Sveen for useful comments and discussion. Martin Seneca thanks Danmarks Nationalbank for nancial support. yNorges Bank, PO Box 1179, Sentrum, 0107 Oslo, Norway. Email: francesco.furlanetto@norgesbank.no. Telephone: +47-22316128. Telefax: +47-22424062. Website: www.norgesbank.no/research/furlanetto/ zCorresponding author: School of Economics and Management, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Telephone: +45-89422140. Email: mseneca@econ.au. dk. Website: seneca.dk
Foraging games between gerbils and their predators: temporal dynamics of resource depletion and apprehension in gerbils

Predator–prey interactions constitute a foraging game when prey individuals manage risk from predators and predator individuals manage fear in their prey. As tools for managing risk, clever prey can use time allocation and apprehension (redirecting attention from foraging to predator detection). One such foraging game occurs between gerbils and their predators on the sand dunes of the Negev Desert. Here, interacting species of gerbils compete for patches of seeds that renew daily by afternoon winds. In such circumstances, gerbils are expected to deplete resource patches over the course of the night, the predators are expected to hunt when gerbil activity is highest, and gerbils are expected to be most apprehensive when predators are most active and most deadly. We tested these predictions for gerbils in two field experiments using seed trays to measure resource depletion, gerbil activity and apprehension over the course of the night, between the bush and open microhabitats and at four moon phases (new, half waxing, full and half waning). Gerbils depleted seed resources more quickly in the bush microhabitat than the open and more quickly at new moon than at other moon phases. Gerbil activity at new moon was high throughout most of the night, but decreased towards dawn. In contrast, activity at full moon was generally low, but increased towards dawn. The two gerbil species Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi and G. pyramidum partitioned the night, with G. pyramidum visiting resource patches earlier in the night and encountering a richer, but more risky environment, and G. a. allenbyi foraging later in an environment characterized by fewer seed resources, but lower risk. The same pattern extended over moon phases, with G. pyramidum foraging relatively more at full and waning half moon. Apprehension by gerbils was higher early in the night than later and higher at full moon than new moon. Schedules of apprehension changed according to moon phase and may have differed between the two gerbils. Finally, apprehension was higher in the open microhabitat, although the opposite was true at the beginning of the night. This foraging game affects three trophic levels, including the effect of the gerbils on the availability and
Effects of Carbon-source on the Structural Changes of Polysaccharides in the Dietary Mushroom Agaricus subrufescens

Agaricus subrufescens, formerly named A. blazei Murrill, has been used as dietary mushroom and to formulate nutraceuticals and functional foods. The purpose of this research was to physiochemically characterize the effects of carbon-source on the expression profiles and sugar compositions of polysaccharides from A. subrufescens. Polysaccharide was characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC). A direct dosage effects was shown as sucrose-based medium and a negative dosage effects was shown as malt-based medium. Sucrose or glucose as substrate enhanced the biosynthesis of the very-low-molecular-weight (＜1 kDa) polysaccharide. Glucose-feeding in high dose could enhance very-high-molecular-weight-polysaccharide (＞ 10000 kDa) synthesized. In contrast, sucrose-feeding in high dose was a negative effect for that of the synthesis. Galactose, glucose, and fructose were the dominant sugars in the A. subrufescens polysaccharide mixture. The content of glucose and fructose in the polysaccharides increased with increase feeding of sucrose, and that of glucose for glucose-feeding.