Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correction: Iterative Usage of Fixed and Random Effect Models for Powerful and Efficient Genome-Wide Association Studies

The following information is missing from the Funding section: ZZ was supported, in part, by an Emerging Research Issues Internal Competitive Grant from the Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center project, the Endowment of Distinguished Professorship for Statistical Genomics, and a research project (No. 126593) from the Washington Grain Commission. The publisher apologizes for the error.
The Geometry of Noncommutative Spacetimes

We review the concept of ‘noncommutative spacetime’ approached from an operational stand-point and explain how to endow it with suitable geometrical structures. The latter involves i.a. the causal structure, which we illustrate with a simple—‘almost-commutative’—example. Furthermore, we trace the footprints of noncommutive geometry in the foundations of quantum field theory.
Direct evidence that the FimH protein is the mannose-specific adhesin of Escherichia coli type 1 fimbriae

Type 1 fimbriae of Escherichia coli are surface organelles which mediate binding to D-mannose-containing structures. By direct binding of FimH to D-mannose attached to a carrier protein, we demonstrated that this protein was uniquely responsible for the receptor specificity. Furthermore, we show by receptor immunoelectron microscopy that the FimH protein is located laterally in the structure of the type 1 fimbriae.
Networked Microgrids for Enhancing the Power System Resilience

This paper focuses on the role of networked microgrids as distributed systems for enhancing the power system resilience against extreme events. Resilience is an intrinsically complex property which requires deep understanding of microgrid operation in order to respond effectively in emergency conditions. The paper first introduces the definition and offers a generic framework for analyzing the power system resilience. The notion that large power systems can achieve a higher level of resilience through the deployment of networked microgrids is discussed in detail. In particular, the management of networked microgrids for riding through extreme events is analyzed. In addition, the merits of advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs) in microgrid-based distributed systems that can support the power system resilience are presented. The paper also points out the challenges for expanding the role of distributed systems and concludes that networked microgrids in particular provide a universal solution for improving the resilience against extreme events in Smart Cities.
Encouraging and rewarding consumer creativity in new product development processes: How to motivate consumers involved in creative contests?

The integration of consumers into new product development processes is a promising approach that triggers original ideas faster for brands. This research seeks to determine which are the rewards and interactions that enhance creativity in creativity contests. The theoretical framework relies on consumer creativity, brand feedback role during new product development processes and the effects of rewards on creativity. Findings of an experimentation conducted with 180 individuals show that reputation rewards associated with brand feedback can play a role at least as important as monetary rewards. The results show that the feedback of the brand is a moderating variable in the relationship between creativity and rewards and that associating brand feedback with reputation reward strongly stimulates creativity.
Does human capital raise earnings for immigrants in the low-skill labor market?

We use monthly Survey of Income and Program Participation data from 1996–1999 and 2001–2003 to estimate the determinants of differentiation in intercepts and slopes for age/earnings profiles of low-skill immigrant and native male workers. Our findings provide further depth of understanding to the“mixed” picture of earnings determination in the low-skill labor market that has been reported by others. On the positive side, many immigrants are employed in similar occupations and industries as natives. Both groups show substantial wage gains over time and generally receive similar returns to years of schooling completed. Immigrants also receive substantial returns to acculturation, measured as age at arrival and English language skill. These results cast doubt on the strong version of segmented labor market theory, in which low-skill immigrants are permanently consigned to dead-end jobs with no wage appreciation. On the negative side, immigrants earn approximately 24% less than natives and are less likely to occupy supervisory and managerial jobs. Latino immigrants receive lower returns to education than do white immigrants. Furthermore, age at arrival and language ability do not explain the lower returns to education experienced by Latino immigrants. These results suggest that Latino immigrants in particular may suffer from barriers to mobility and/or wage discrimination. Whether these negative labor market experiences occur primarily for illegal immigrants remains unknown.
Amyloid-β peptide levels in brain are inversely correlated with insulysin activity levels in vivo

Factors that elevate amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide levels are associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. Insulysin has been identified as one of several proteases potentially involved in Aβ degradation based on its hydrolysis of Aβ peptides in vitro. In this study, in vivo levels of brain Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides were found to be increased significantly (1.6- and 1.4-fold, respectively) in an insulysin-deficient gene-trap mouse model. A 6-fold increase in the level of the γ-secretase-generated C-terminal fragment of the Aβ precursor protein in the insulysin-deficient mouse also was found. In mice heterozygous for the insulysin gene trap, in which insulysin activity levels were decreased ≈50%, brain Aβ peptides were increased to levels intermediate between those in wild-type mice and homozygous insulysin gene-trap mice that had no detectable insulysin activity. These findings indicate that there is an inverse correlation between in vivo insulysin activity levels and brain Aβ peptide levels and suggest that modulation of insulysin activity may alter the risk for Alzheimer's disease.
Evaluation and Metrics of E-Government: From eEurope 2002 to Digital Agenda 2020

This chapter discusses EU methodologies used for the evaluation of a number of e-government related strategies including: Action Plan e-Europe 2002, Action Plan e-Europe 2005, the Strategic Framework i2010 as well as the Digital Agenda 2020. It highlights differences and similarities between these plans. It is suggested that Europe should not focus mainly on the supply side (track availability and sophistication), but should also investigate indicators that might directly affect the eGovernment adoption. To this end, we have searched Eurostat Database in order to demonstrate some of the eGovernment evaluation metrics that affect the use and availability of eGovernment (eGov) in European Union concerning individuals and enterprises. We processed the row data and estimated the annual average and the annual average change of eighteen eGovernment indicators for the years 2005-2010. Furthermore, the chapter determines whether or not some of the targets of Digital Agenda 2020 will be accomplished by stated 2015. The author’s estimates are based according to existing trends to determine how these indicators will affect, if nothing changes, in or by 2015.
Analysis of the crystal structure of an active MCM hexamer

In a previous Research article (Froelich et al., 2014), we suggested an MCM helicase activation mechanism, but were limited in discussing the ATPase domain because it was absent from the crystal structure. Here we present the crystal structure of a nearly full-length MCM hexamer that is helicase-active and thus has all features essential for unwinding DNA. The structure is a chimera of Sulfolobus solfataricus N-terminal domain and Pyrococcus furiosus ATPase domain. We discuss three major findings: 1) a novel conformation for the A-subdomain that could play a role in MCM regulation; 2) interaction of a universally conserved glutamine in the N-terminal Allosteric Communication Loop with the AAA+ domain helix-2-insert (h2i); and 3) a recessed binding pocket for the MCM ssDNA-binding motif influenced by the h2i. We suggest that during helicase activation, the h2i clamps down on the leading strand to facilitate strand retention and regulate ATP hydrolysis. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03433. 001
Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane removal in type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia.

PURPOSE To report the anatomical and visual outcomes in a series of patients with type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia (mactel) and cystic foveal changes treated with pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane removal. METHODS Five eyes of 3 patients with mactel were treated with 25-gauge sutureless transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling. Complete clinical examination, including serial spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, was performed preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS Two of 5 eyes had stable vision at 2-year follow-up with continued evidence of foveal cystic spaces on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Two eyes experienced significant visual improvement despite continued evidence of foveal anatomical disruption. One eye experienced slight visual decline and full-thickness macular hole formation. CONCLUSION Surgical intervention involving pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling may be a treatment option for select cases of mactel. Pars plana vitrectomy does not seem to alter the underlying disease process in mactel but may stabilize visual decline or lead to improved vision in some patients.
The Novel Human Protein Arginine N-Methyltransferase PRMT6 Is a Nuclear Enzyme Displaying Unique Substrate Specificity*

Protein arginine methylation is a prevalent posttranslational modification in eukaryotic cells that has been implicated in signal transduction, the metabolism of nascent pre-RNA, and the transcriptional activation processes. In searching the human genome for protein arginine N-methyltransferase (PRMT) family members, a novel gene has been found on chromosome 1 that encodes for an apparent methyltransferase, PRMT6. The polypeptide chain of PRMT6 is 41.9 kDa consisting of a catalytic core sequence common to other PRMT enzymes. Expressed as a glutathioneS-transferase fusion protein, PRMT6 demonstrates type I PRMT activity, capable of forming both ω-NG -monomethylarginine and asymmetric ω-NG ,NG -dimethylarginine derivatives on the recombinant glycine- and arginine-rich substrate in a processive manner with a specific activity of 144 pmol methyl groups transferred min−1 mg−1 enzyme. A comparison of substrate specificity reveals that PRMT6 is functionally distinct from two previously characterized type I enzymes, PRMT1 and PRMT4. In addition, PRMT6 displays automethylation activity; it is the first PRMT to do so. This novel human PRMT, which resides solely in the nucleus when fused to the green fluorescent protein, joins a family of enzymes with diverse functions within cells.
Breakpoint position on 17q identifies the most aggressive neuroblastoma tumors

Gain of chromosome arm 17q is a powerful prognostic factor in neuroblastoma, and the distribution of 17q breakpoints suggests that the dosage of one or more genes in 17q22–23 to 17qter is critical for tumor progression. To identify the smallest region of 17q gain, we used eight probes to map translocation breakpoints in 48 primary neuroblastoma tumors. We identified at least five different breakpoints, all localized within the proximal part of 17q (from D17Z1 to MPO). The shortest region of gain identified by these probes extends from MPO (17q23.1) to 17qter. Surprisingly, we found that breakpoints localized proximal to ERBB2 (17q12) were associated with significantly better patient survival than breakpoints localized distal to ERBB2. Breakpoints localized distal to ERBB2 identified patients with a particularly poor prognosis, higher mitotic karyorrhectic index, and stage 4 disease. This implies that breakpoint position on 17q is a discriminative factor within this prognostically poor group of patients. This result also suggests that the biological effect of 17q gain during neuroblastoma progression has a complex basis. We propose that this involves dosage alterations of genes localized on both sides of the 17q breakpoints, with a gene or genes mapping between 17cen and 17q12 acting to suppress progression, and a gene or genes mapping between 17q23.1 and 17qter acting to promote tumor progression. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A web framework to develop computational thinking through music coding

Music coding is a new discipline aiming to develop a computational way of thinking through music experience even in musically-untrained subjects. In this work we will show how music can represent both a valid learning tool and an engaging reinforcement technique to approach coding at an early stage of children education, i.e. in the primary school. This work starts from the discussion of the educative guidelines that make music coding suitable to the current context. In fact, music coding can foster analytical processes, but it is able to encourage artistic expression, creativity and collaborative learning, too. Educational goals are reinforced by peculiarities such as a prompt feedback of user actions in terms of music performance. After analyzing different types of scaffolding to support computational thinking processes, a publicly available Web framework for music coding will be presented. Finally, the paper will discuss some applications to enhance analytical skills and support creative processes.
A Short Note on Poker, Publishing, & Working like Mad Not to Perish: An Entrepreneurial Perspective of the Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice

The Journal of Marlceting Theory and Practice's incoming editor Greg Marshall kindly asked for a short discussion on the creation and evolution of JMTP which the authors suggest can be best understood through the lens of· entrepreneurship. The founding of JMTP could be considered a case study of academic entrepreneurship. Venkataraman's (1997) notion that entrepreneurship involves the nexus of some type of entrepreneurial
Transport of Boron by the tassel-less1 Aquaporin Is Critical for Vegetative and Reproductive Development in Maize[C][W][OPEN]

Identification and analysis of the maize boron (B) transporter mutant tassel-less1 demonstrated that the primary symptoms of B deficiency are defects in vegetative and reproductive meristems, thus providing an explanation for the reductions in yield observed under B-limited conditions. The element boron (B) is an essential plant micronutrient, and B deficiency results in significant crop losses worldwide. The maize (Zea mays) tassel-less1 (tls1) mutant has defects in vegetative and inflorescence development, comparable to the effects of B deficiency. Positional cloning revealed that tls1 encodes a protein in the aquaporin family co-orthologous to known B channel proteins in other species. Transport assays show that the TLS1 protein facilitates the movement of B and water into Xenopus laevis oocytes. B content is reduced in tls1 mutants, and application of B rescues the mutant phenotype, indicating that the TLS1 protein facilitates the movement of B in planta. B is required to cross-link the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) in the cell wall, and the percentage of RG-II dimers is reduced in tls1 inflorescences, indicating that the defects may result from altered cell wall properties. Plants heterozygous for both tls1 and rotten ear (rte), the proposed B efflux transporter, exhibit a dosage-dependent defect in inflorescence development under B-limited conditions, indicating that both TLS1 and RTE function in the same biological processes. Together, our data provide evidence that TLS1 is a B transport facilitator in maize, highlighting the importance of B homeostasis in meristem function.
The role of sense of place in retail location choices

Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's or master's), as authored by a student at Eindhoven University of Technology. Student theses are made available in the TU/e repository upon obtaining the required degree. The grade received is not published on the document as presented in the repository. The required complexity or quality of research of student theses may vary by program, and the required minimum study period may vary in duration.
The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Decisions to Leave Dating Relationships

This study explored the impact of violence exposure on investment-model constructs within a sample of college women involved in heterosexual dating relationships. Results generally supported the “common sense” hypothesis, suggesting that violence negatively impacts satisfaction for and commitment to one’s relationship and is positively associated with intentions to leave. Exposure to psychological abuse uniquely impacted intentions to leave relationships above and beyond other model factors, suggesting that this may be a particularly important factor in determining college women’s decisions. In a series of analyses examining the investment model within each of two groups (e.g., those exposed or not exposed to physical violence), results showed that the model predicted victimized women’s decisions to leave as well as it predicted nonvictimized women’s decisions. Taken together, results of this study suggest that victimized women base their relationship termination decisions on the same information as nonvictimized women do.
Who Knows Who Knows What in the Group? The Effects of Communication Network Centralities, Use of Digital Knowledge Repositories, and Work Remoteness on Organizational Members’ Accuracy in Expertise Recognition

Organizational members vary in their ability to accurately recognize each other’s expertise. The goal of this study is to extend transactive memory theory to understand how organizational group members develop accurate perceptions of others’ knowledge through a multidimensional access to expertise cues. Specifically, this study examines how a group member’s accuracy in expertise recognition is influenced by one’s centralities in the communication network, use of digital knowledge repositories, and work remoteness. By analyzing data collected from 208 individuals from 17 organizational groups, this study found that a member’s accuracy in expertise recognition was positively influenced by one’s degree centrality in the communication network and negatively influenced by the extent to which one’s work was done remotely. Furthermore, there was an interaction effect between work remoteness and use of digital knowledge repositories such that the negative influence of work remoteness on expertise recognition was weaker when members used digital knowledge repositories.
Immunocytochemical detection of ferritin in human bone marrow and peripheral blood cells using monoclonal antibodies specific for the H and L subunit

We have used the monoclonal antibodies 2A4 (specific for the H subunit of human ferritin) and LO3 (specific for the L subunit) for immunocytochemical detection of ferritin in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells from normal subjects and patients with various haematological disorders. Formalin‐fixed slides were stained by the immunoalkaline phosphatase procedure (APAAP). In normal subjects, ferritin could be found only in bone marrow smears and appeared to be largely confined to erythroid precursors and reticuloendothelial cells. The more immature erythroid precursors contained higher concentrations of cellular ferritin. Although evaluation could be only semiquantitative, erythroblast ferritin appeared to be more reactive with the monoclonal 2A4 (15 ± 7% positive erythroblasts) than with the monoclonal LO3 (6 ± 5% positive erythroblasts), indicating that H‐type ferritin was predominant, particularly in proerythroblasts and basophilic erythroblasts. By contrast, the ferritin present in reticuloendothelial cells appeared to be predominantly of L‐type. Patients with iron deficiency showed low levels of positive erythroblast, whereas the reverse was true in patients with transfusional iron overload. Intense positivity for reticuloendothelial cell ferritin was found in patients with anaemia of chronic disease. In myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), ferritin positivity was generally very strong at any stage of erythroblast development, particularly with the monoclonal antibody 2A4. Perls‐positive perinuclear granules of ring sideroblasts were not stained, confirming that mitochondrial iron deposition is not in the form of ferritin. In AML and myelodysplastic syndromes with excess of blasts, ferritin could be detected also in immature myeloid cells. These data indicate that: (a) in normal conditions ferritin is mainly expressed in red cell precursors and reticuloendothelial cells, and this is in keeping with the peculiar role of these cells in iron metabolism; (b) abnormal cell ferritin contents can be observed in both iron overload and malignancy.
Patterns of Neuropsychological Impairment after Severe Blunt Head Injury

A consecutive series of 100 subjects with severe blunt head injuries was followed up 6 years after trauma. Neuropsychological test performances of 82 subjects and of a noninjured control group were analyzed by two principal components analyses (PCAs). Each PCA extracted 15 factors relating to a range of cognitive impairments, as well as neuropsychological features consistent with posttraumatic personality changes. Measures identified by the PCAs were applied to 85 head-injured subjects in the series to examine the incidence of impairment in four neuropsychological areas: disorders of learning and memory, neuropsychological features consistent with posttraumatic personality change, slowness in rate of information processing, and a range of basic neuropsychological skills. Overall, impairments occurred in 70% of the series. Disorders of learning and memory were the most common type of deficit (56.5%), with disturbances in basic neuropsychological skills the least frequent (16.5%). Variability among subjects with respect to the types and combinations of neuropsychological impairments was a characteristic feature of this clinical group, but the largest proportion (one-third) demonstrated isolated impairments. The implications of the incidence and selectivity of neuropsychological impairments are discussed.