Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of the free surface on interfacial solitary waves

We investigated theoretically and experimentally internal solitary waves (ISWs) in a two-layer fluid system with a top free surface. Laboratory experiments are performed by lock-release, under Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq conditions. Experimental results are compared with those obtained by the analytical solution of the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) weakly nonlinear equation and by the strongly nonlinear Miyata-Choi-Camassa (MCC) model. We analyze the initial conditions which allow to find soliton solutions for both rigid-lid (-RL) and free-surface (-FS) boundary conditions. For the MCC-FS model, we employ a new mathematical procedure to derive the ISW-induced free surface displacement. The density structure strongly affects the elevation of the free surface predicted by the MCC-FS model. The free surface maximum displacement increases mostly with the density difference, assuming non-negligible values also for smaller interfacial amplitudes. Larger displacements occur for thinner upper layer thickness. The MCC-FS model gives the best prediction in terms of both internal waves geometric/kinematic features and surface displacements. The existence of a free surface allows the ISW to transfer part of its energy to the free surface: the wave celerity assumes lower values with respect to ISW speed resulting from the MCC-RL model. For ISWs with a very large amplitude, this behavior tends to fade, and the MCC-RL and the MCC-FS model predict approximately the same celerity and interfacial geometric features. For small-amplitude waves also, the predictions of the KdV-RL equation are consistent with experimental results. Thus, ISWs with an intermediate amplitude should be modeled taking into account a free top surface as the boundary condition.We investigated theoretically and experimentally internal solitary waves (ISWs) in a two-layer fluid system with a top free surface. Laboratory experiments are performed by lock-release, under Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq conditions. Experimental results are compared with those obtained by the analytical solution of the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) weakly nonlinear equation and by the strongly nonlinear Miyata-Choi-Camassa (MCC) model. We analyze the initial conditions which allow to find soliton solutions for both rigid-lid (-RL) and free-surface (-FS) boundary conditions. For the MCC-FS model, we employ a new mathematical procedure to derive the ISW-induced free surface displacement. The density structure strongly affects the elevation of the free surface predicted by the MCC-FS model. The free surface maximum displacement increases mostly with the density difference, assuming non-negligible values also for smaller interfacial amplitudes. Larger displacements occur for thinner upper layer thickness. The MCC.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Control of Nonlinear Systems Using Lyapunov Stability Concept and Fuzzy Reward Scheme

In this brief, a reinforcement learning-based control approach for nonlinear systems is presented. The proposed control approach offers a design scheme of the adjustable policy learning rate (APLR) to reduce the influence imposed by negative or large advantages, which improves the learning stability of the proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm. Besides, this brief puts forward a Lyapunov-fuzzy reward system to further promote the learning efficiency. In addition, the proposed control approach absorbs the Lyapunov stability concept into the design of the Lyapunov reward system and a particular fuzzy reward system is set up using the knowledge of the cart-pole inverted pendulum and fuzzy inference system (FIS). The merits of the proposed approach are validated by simulation examples.
Potencial fisiológico de sementes de Sesamum indicum L. após o tratamento com o zinco

O gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) e uma planta oleaginosa, pertencente a Familia Pedaliaceae. A especie e originaria da India, sendo considerada uma das oleaginosas mais antigas utilizadas pela humanidade. A aplicacao de micronutrientes como o zinco ocasionam incrementos na cultura de gergelim quanto ao numero de capsulas por planta, peso das capsulas, numero de sementes por capsula, peso de mil sementes, producao de sementes e producao de oleo. O zinco e um elemento essencial, pois atua na sintese de hormonios vegetais envolvidos no crescimento das plantas. O objetivo com o presente trabalho foi avaliar o potencial fisiologico de sementes de gergelim preto apos o tratamento com zinco. As doses de zinco aplicadas foram 25, 50, 75, 100 g. ha-1 e a dose 0 que corresponde as sementes nao tratadas com zinco. As sementes do lote 2 apresentaram maior percentual de teor de agua do que o lote 1, houve uma variacao de apenas 0,1%, sendo respectivamente 4,7% e 4,8% para cada lote, observou-se um valor medio de germinacao de 90,5% para o lote 01 e 93% no lote 02 na dose de 25 g.ha-1. Na variavel de primeira contagem o valor medio foi de 58,50% nas doses de 25 e 50 g.ha-1. Os valores referentes a massa de materia seca por plântula foi de 0,0021 no lote 01 e 0,0022 g/plântula no lote 02. Houve diferenca significativa entre as diferentes doses do zinco para as variaveis de primeira contagem, indice de velocidade de germinacao e indice de velocidade de emergencia, porem somente o indice de velocidade emergencia respondeu de forma satisfatoria ao tratamento com zinco na dose de 25 g.ha-1. Mediante os valores observados e possivel recomendar a aplicacao do produto Maxizinc na dose de 25 g. ha-1.
Optimal Designs of Two-Phase Studies

Abstract The two-phase design is a cost-effective sampling strategy to evaluate the effects of covariates on an outcome when certain covariates are too expensive to be measured on all study subjects. Under such a design, the outcome and inexpensive covariates are measured on all subjects in the first phase and the first-phase information is used to select subjects for measurements of expensive covariates in the second phase. Previous research on two-phase studies has focused largely on the inference procedures rather than the design aspects. We investigate the design efficiency of the two-phase study, as measured by the semiparametric efficiency bound for estimating the regression coefficients of expensive covariates. We consider general two-phase studies, where the outcome variable can be continuous, discrete, or censored, and the second-phase sampling can depend on the first-phase data in any manner. We develop optimal or approximately optimal two-phase designs, which can be substantially more efficient than the existing designs. We demonstrate the improvements of the new designs over the existing ones through extensive simulation studies and two large medical studies. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
A corner expanded slot antenna loaded with copper strips for dual‐band circular polarization characteristics

In this article, the design and implementation of a dual‐band circularly polarized (CP) microstrip line fed square slot antenna with compact size is proposed. The proposed CP antenna consists of a square slot antenna with a pair of symmetric rectangular extensions on opposite corners and loaded with an array of inclined and truncated rectangular copper strips. The square slot with diagonal extensions resonates at 2.24 to 2.62 GHz with a 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 15.7%. Besides, loading it with an array of inclined and truncated rectangular copper strips helps produce a resonance at higher band with CP. The higher band operates between 3.26 and 5.18 GHz and centered at 4.52 GHz, with a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 45.5%. The polarization sense and resonant frequency of the proposed antenna can be independently tuned depending on the position and dimensions of the slot and strips, respectively. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured in terms of impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth, peak gain, and radiation efficiency. Good agreement between the simulations and measurements of the prototype is obtained.
Comparative evaluation of salivary constituents and oral health status in children with Down′s syndrome

Aim: To evaluate and correlate salivary constituents and oral health status in children with Down′s syndrome. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five children in the age group of 4-14 years were included in the study. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children. The study group consisting of children with Down′s syndrome was divided into study Group I which consisted of 25 institutionalized children and study Group II consisted of 25 noninstitutionalized children. Caries score and oral hygiene status of each child were calculated. Unstimulated saliva was collected from each child, and salivary levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc were evaluated. Results: Lowest decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores were found in noninstitutionalized Down′s syndrome children and highest oral hygiene index-simplified scores were found among institutionalized Down′s syndrome children. Levels of sodium ions were seen to be highest in the control group; magnesium levels were highest in an institutionalized group of children with Down′s syndrome, whereas potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and zinc levels were found to be highest among a noninstitutionalized group of children with Down′s syndrome. Salivary calcium showed a significant negative correlation with dental caries. Conclusion: Salivary calcium and zinc play a protective role against dental caries. Increased dietary calcium and zinc in addition to education regarding oral hygiene practices may improve overall oral health among children.
Effects of Measurement Noise on Flocking Dynamics of Cucker–Smale Systems

Understanding the emergence of coordination behavior is of paramount importance in science and engineering. Environmental noise may have important impact on the coordination. In this brief, we consider a variation of the standard Cucker-Smale system in which individuals can not measure the states of others exactly. We present sufficient conditions on group size, noise intensity and communication rate to guarantee the almost surely exponential convergence toward flocking. We challenge the prevailing paradigm that noise suppressing the emergence of collective motion and report that noise may facilitate the emergence of ordered flocking behavior. We also find that group with high density can reach the ordered state more rapidly.
Characterization of peristaltic flow during the mixing process in a model human stomach

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the characteristics of peristaltic flow in a model stomach during the mixing and digestion process. The geometrical model for the stomach consists of an axisymmetric tube of varying diameter with a wall at one end, representing the antrum and closed pylorus. The antral contraction waves (ACWs) that produce the peristaltic flow are modeled as traveling waves that deform the boundary and consequently the computational mesh. This geometrical model is implemented into the open source code OpenFOAM. A parametric study is performed in which the fluid viscosity, wave speed, wave width, and maximum relative occlusion are varied. The effect of these parameters on the retropulsive jet induced near the pylorus and the recirculation between pairs of consecutive ACWs is investigated. Both of these flow features contribute to the mixing and digestion process. The retropulsive jet is quantified by its peak velocity and length along the centerline. For each wave geometry, these quantities are found to be independent of the Reynolds number for low Reynolds numbers, while for Reynolds numbers exceeding one, the peak centerline velocity decreases and the jet length increases as the Reynolds number increases. Moreover, the velocity and pressure curves are found to scale with the wave speed at low Reynolds numbers. Between different wave geometries, scaling laws are proposed and tested for the peak centerline velocity and jet length. Particle tracking and vorticity plots show that mixing efficiency increases when the relative occlusion increases, as well as when the viscosity or wave width decreases.Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the characteristics of peristaltic flow in a model stomach during the mixing and digestion process. The geometrical model for the stomach consists of an axisymmetric tube of varying diameter with a wall at one end, representing the antrum and closed pylorus. The antral contraction waves (ACWs) that produce the peristaltic flow are modeled as traveling waves that deform the boundary and consequently the computational mesh. This geometrical model is implemented into the open source code OpenFOAM. A parametric study is performed in which the fluid viscosity, wave speed, wave width, and maximum relative occlusion are varied. The effect of these parameters on the retropulsive jet induced near the pylorus and the recirculation between pairs of consecutive ACWs is investigated. Both of these flow features contribute to the mixing and digestion process. The retropulsive jet is quantified by its peak velocity and length along the centerline. For each wave geometry.
Underwater wireless optical communication: why, what, and how? [Invited]

Foreseeing the proliferation of underwater vehicles and sensors, underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is a key enabler for ocean exploration, with strong competitiveness in short-range bandwidth-intensive applications. We provide a tutorial on the basic concepts and essential features of UWOC, as well as an overview of work being conducted in this field. Research challenges, arising from the characteristics of underwater channels, and possible roadmaps are discussed in detail. This review is expected to be of great use for the link designers of this field.
Landscape genetics of Mexican biodiversity: A review

The rich biodiversity of Mexico is threatened due to habitat fragmentation and climate change. Landscape genetics provides an excellent framework that integrates genetic, geographic, and ecological landscape data to inform conservation strategies. To discuss the value of landscape genetics for the study of the Mexican biota, a literature review of landscape genetics studies in Mexico was conducted to highlight trends of taxonomic groups, habitats, and research objectives. A total of 20 studies were identified: 65% in plants and 35% in animals. A large proportion of studies focused on temperate ecosystems and tropical forests, whereas marine and urban environments were lacking. Detection of linear barriers and landscape features on gene flow were the most popular objectives, while two objectives were exclusive to plants: spatial adaptive variation and estimates of contemporary gene flow with parentage analyses to evaluate effects of habitat fragmentation. Potential areas of research for landscape genetics studies in Mexico and recommendations are discussed.
Etude de la morphologie et de la distribution des neurones dans le cerveau de macaque par microscopie optique

La comprehension des mecanismes impliques dans les cas sains, les maladies neurodegeneratives ainsi que le developpement de nouvelles approches therapeutiques repose sur l’utilisation de modeles experimentaux pertinents et de techniques d’imagerie adaptees. Dans ce contexte, la microscopie virtuelle offre la possibilite unique d’analyser ces modeles a l’echelle cellulaire avec une tres grande variete de marquages histologiques. Mon projet de these consiste a mettre en place et a appliquer une methode d’analyse d’images histologiques en couleur permettant de segmenter et de synthetiser l’information relative aux neurones a l’aide de l’anticorps NeuN sur des coupes de cerveau de macaque. Dans ce travail, nous appliquons d’abord la methode de Random Forest (RF) pour segmenter les neurones ainsi que le tissu et le fond. Ensuite, nous proposons une methode originale pour separer les neurones qui sont accoles afin de les individualiser. Cette methode s’adapte a l’ensemble des neurones presentant une taille variable (diametre variant entre 5 et 30 μm). Elle est egalement efficace non seulement pour des regions dites « simples » caracterisees par une faible densite de neurones mais aussi pour des regions dites « complexes » caracterisees par une tres forte densite de plusieurs milliers de neurones. Le travail suivant se concentre sur la creation de cartes parametriques synthetisant la morphologie et la distribution des neurones individualises. Pour cela, un changement d’echelle est mis en œuvre afin de produire des cartographies presentant des resolutions spatiales plus faibles (resolution originale de 0,22 μm et cartographies creees proposant une resolution spatiale adaptative de quelques dizaines a quelques centaines de micrometres). Plusieurs dizaines de parametres morphologiques (rayon moyen, surface, orientation, etc.) sont d’abord calcules pour chaque neurone ainsi que des parametres colorimetriques. Ensuite, il est possible de synthetiser ces informations sous la forme de cartes parametriques a plus basse resolution a l’echelle de regions anatomiques, de coupes voire, a terme, de cerveaux entiers. Cette etape transforme des images microscopiques qualitatives couleur en images mesoscopiques quantitatives, plus informatives et plus simples a analyser. Ce travail permet d’analyser statistiquement de tres grands volumes de donnees, de synthetiser l’information sous la forme de cartographies quantitatives, d’analyser des problemes extremement complexes tels que la mort neuronale et a terme de tester de nouveaux medicaments voire de confronter ces informations acquises post mortem avec des donnees acquises in vivo.
Volcano-sedimentary successions within an intra-arc related Jurassic Large Igneous Province (LIP): La Negra Formation, Northern Chile (a preliminary scientific report on the Br 997/22-1 DFG Pilot Project).

Volcaniclastic rocks especially silicic ones intercalated with flood lavas are generally less studied, however they carry significant information for a broader paleogeographic reconstruction of the syn-eruptive environment. A new project under the DFG (Br 997/22-1) research grant initiated to investigate the accumulation history of the volcanic rocks of the Jurassic La Negra Formation in northern Chile with special relevance to the explosive eruption products. The preliminary result of the first field season in 2003 is given in this report. Jurassic volcanic rocks form large parts of the Coastal Cordillera in northern Chile, called La Negra Formation, which constitute the major part of an up to 15-km-thick pile of alternately marine and continental deposits, issued from volcanic arcs situated between a land area with Paleozoic basement in the west and a marginal sea in the east, typically considered to be an intra-arc setting. Marine sedimentary intercalations reported earlier indicate a depositional environment of shallow marine or at sea level that allowed a marine transgression over extensive sheet-like lava flow units. Existence of such marine intercalations have not been confirmed to be very extensive. Instead, coherent lava flow units have been found more commonly interbedded with thin volcaniclastic units than it was reported earlier. Large-scale angular unconformities have not been identified in the volcanic succession, thus a short time span of the accumulation of the La Negra Formation is inferred. Eruptions along fissures are interpreted to be a likely source to form a uniform pile of lava flows originally in subhorizontal setting, suggesting that the entire volcanic sequence is part of a volcanic accumulation zone of an arc system, such as ring plains, basin fills, or shallow marine basin surrounding volcanic archipelago. Vertically cross-cutting dykes often fragmented and/or connected to pyroclastic breccia pipes inferred to be feeding channels of subsequent volcanoes. The systematic field work has confirmed the presence of greater volume of volcaniclastic rocks and underlines that volcaniclastic units are of greater importance in the La Negra Formation than it was considered before. Newly identified pyroclastic rocks near Tocopilla at present sea level exhibit quenching and inferred to be result of non-explosive in situ fragTargyszavak: ar- vagy platobazalt, platolava, andezit, bazalt, freatomagmas, hialoklasztit, peperit, ignimbrit, blokk- es hamuar
Erratum: “Resolved Neutral Carbon Emission in Nearby Galaxies: [C i] Lines as Total Molecular Gas Tracers” (2019, ApJ, 880, 133)

Qian Jiao , Yinghe Zhao , Nanyao Lu , Yu Gao , Dragan Salak , Ming Zhu, Zhi-Yu Zhang , Xue-Jian Jiang , and Qinghua Tan 1 Purple Mountain Observatory & Key Lab of Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210033, People’s Republic of China jiaoqian@pmo.ac. cn, yugao@pmo.ac. cn 2 Yunnan Observatories & Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, CAS, Kunming 650011, People’s Republic of China zhaoyinghe@ynao.ac. cn 3 Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, CAS, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, People’s Republic of China 4 China-Chile Joint Center for Astronomy (CCJCA), Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile 5 National Astronomical Observatories & Key Lab of Radio Astronomy, CAS, Beijing 100012, People’s Republic of China 6 Purple Mountain Observatory & Key Lab of Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, People’s Republic of China 7 School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan 8 Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK 9 ESO, Karl Schwarzschild Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Munich, Germany Received 2019 September 9; published 2019 October 4
Pengaruh Kualitas E-Government terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna E-Filing Studi Kasus Wajib Pajak OP di Surakarta Tahun 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of system quality, information quality, and service quality on E-filing user satisfaction in Surakarta. The population and sample in this study are individual taxpayers registered at the Pratama Surakarta Tax Office in 2019. The data collection technique of this study uses incidental sampling techniques, and the determination of the number of samples using Slovin formula with a sample of 100 respondents. The data used in this study is a questionnaire using a Likert scale 1 to 5. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis conducted, it shows that there is a positive influence on system quality and service quality on E-filing user satisfaction. While the quality of information does not affect E-filing user satisfaction.Keywords: System Quality, Information, Services, User Satisfaction