Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The design of flux barrier for improvement of demagnetization endurance in BLDC Motor

Generally, the motor inside vehicle is exposed to highly ambient temperature and large vibration according to repeatedly starting and stopping during very short time. So, in this paper, the rotor shape design was performed to improve demagnetization endurance by considering the starting current of the Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor through the Finite Element Method(FEM). As a result, the end of Permanent Magnets (PMs) in the basic model was occurring a partial irreversible demagnetization by starting current. To solve this problem, the installing flux barriers were limited to flux line on the core. Accordingly, demagnetization endurance and operating characteristics were improved.
Modular structural units, exons, and function in chicken lysozyme.

By the application of the same algorithm for finding compact structural units encoded by exons as applied previously to hemoglobin, five units, M1-M5, were identified in chicken egg white lysozyme. They consist of residues 1-30, 31-55, 56-84, 85-108, and 109-129, respectively. I call these compact structural units "modules. " As in hemoglobin, modules thus identified correspond well to exons--i.e., modules M1, M2 plus M3, M4, and M5 correspond to exons 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the lysozyme gene, respectively. Localization of the catalytic sites glutamic acid-35 and aspartic acid-52 on the module M2 suggests that this module might have worked as a functional unit in a primitive lysozyme. The good correspondence between exons and modules reinforces the idea of "proteins in pieces," which was derived from the fact of "genes in pieces. " The evolutionary origin of the introns in globins and lysozyme is discussed.
5nm-gate nanowire FinFET

A new nanowire FinFET structure is developed for CMOS device scaling into the sub-10 nm regime. Accumulation mode P-FET and inversion mode N-FET with 5 nm and 10 nm physical gate length, respectively, are fabricated. N-FET gate delay (CV/I) of 0.22 ps and P-FET gate delay of 0.48 ps with excellent subthreshold characteristics are achieved, both with very low off leakage cur-rent less than 10 nA/ /spl mu/m. Nanowire FinFET device operation is also explored using 3-D full quantum mechanical simulation.
Effects of standardised cigarette packaging on craving, motivation to stop and perceptions of cigarettes and packs

Objective: To assess whether standardised packs of the form introduced in Australia are associated with a reduction in acute craving and/or an increase in motivation to stop, and to replicate previous findings on perceptions of packaging, perceptions of smokers using it and perceived effects on behaviour. Design: Following abstinence of at least 12 h, 98 regular and occasional smokers were randomised to exposure to their own cigarette package, another branded package or a standardised package. Main Outcome Measures: Craving (QSU-brief), motivation to stop, both at baseline and post-exposure. Ratings of 10 attributes concerning package design, perceived smoker characteristics and effects on behaviour, post-exposure only. Results: For craving, a mixed model ANCOVA showed a significant interaction of packaging and time of measurement (F(2,94) = 8.77, p < . 001, partial η2 = . 16). There was no significant main effect or interaction for motivation to stop smoking (p = .9). The standardised pack was perceived to be significantly less appealing and less motivating to buy cigarettes, smokers using them were perceived as less popular and cigarettes from them expected to taste worse. Conclusion: Standardised cigarette packaging may reduce acute (hedonic) craving and is associated with more negative perceptions than branded packaging with less prominent health warnings.
Bioreduction of chloroaurate ions by geranium leaves and its endophytic fungus yields gold nanoparticles of different shapes

Development of biologically inspired experimental processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is an important branch of nanotechnology. In this paper, we report on the use of geranium leaves (Pelargonium graveolens) and its endophytic fungus in the extra-cellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Sterilized geranium leaves and an endophytic fungus (Colletotrichum sp.) growing in the leaves were separately exposed to aqueous chloroaurate ions. In both cases, rapid reduction of the metal ions was observed resulting in the formation of stable gold nanoparticles of variable size. In the case of gold nanoparticles synthesized using geranium leaves, the reducing and capping agents appear to be terpenoids while they are identified to be polypeptides/enzymes in the Colletotrichum sp. case. The biogenic gold nanoparticles synthesized using the fungus were essentially spherical in shape while the particles grown using the leaves exhibited a variety of shapes that included rods, flat sheets and triangles. While the exact reasons for shape variability are not clear at this stage, the possibility of achieving nanoparticle shape control in a host leaf–fungus system is potentially exciting.
A Influência da Tecnologia nos Hábitos de Consumo de Usuários Tecnologicamente Ativos

Nos ultimos anos, o comercio eletronico vem experimentando continuo crescimento no mercado brasileiro, promovendo o empoderamento do consumidor e mudancas nos seus habitos de consumo. Aspirando explorar esse vies, esse trabalho objetivou estabelecer os fatores que influenciam o comportamento do consumidor digital e identificar grupos com atitudes semelhantes, de forma a compreender como esses grupos se comportam frente as sugestoes oferecidas por motores de busca online. Para tal, uma survey online foi aplicada em uma amostra nao-probabilistica e os dados coletados foram submetidos a tecnica de analise de agrupamentos, destacando os fatores capazes de influenciar o comportamento de consumo dos grupos elencados.
Tumor Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Targets in Cancer

Seigneuric R1,2*, Cordonnier M1,2, Gobbo J2,3, Marcion G1,2 and Garrido C1,2,3 1Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR866, F-21000 Dijon, France 2INSERM, LNC UMR866, Equipe Labellisée “Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer” F-21000 Dijon, France 3Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France *Corresponding author: Carmen Garrido, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR866, F-21000 Dijon, France, Tel: +33380393345; E-mail: carmen.garrido@u-bourgogne.fr
The Genome of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum Strain YAU B9601-Y2 Contains a Gene Cluster for Mersacidin Synthesis

ABSTRACT The genome of rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum YAU B9601-Y2 was 4.24 Mb in size and harbored 3,991 coding sequences (CDS). Giant gene clusters were dedicated to nonribosomal synthesis of antimicrobial lipopeptides and polyketides. Remarkably, CAU B946 possessed a gene cluster involved in synthesis of mersacidin.
Spontaneous fractures of the humerus during pitching

We report the recent occurrence of spontaneous hu meral shaft fractures in 12 pitchers. The subjects were interviewed over the telephone using a standard ques tionnaire. Radiographs and medical records were solic ited from their physicians. Their average age was 36 years and they had pitched an average of 11.4 years with an average layoff of 14 years (range, 7 to 24). Mean time between games pitched was 21 days (range, 3 to 56). The average number of pitches before the fracture occurred was 38 (range, 10 to 100). Pain was experienced at some point before the fracture in 75% of the pitchers and 75% of the fractures were spiral. These fractures were most probably spontaneous fractures brought on by accumulated fatigue damage. The period of buildup after a prolonged period of layoff was probably insufficient time for proper bone remod eling to occur in these men. While a large percentage of these men had pain before their injury, suggesting a predisposing stress fracture, there is no doubt that their fractures could still be caused by a sudden torsional load without the presence of a stress fracture.
An Empirical Evaluation to Identify Conflicts Among Quality Attributes in Web Services Monitoring

Web service monitoring tools have become an essential component for Service Level Agreement (SLA) because they can collect real quality values of quality attributes to estimate the quality level of services. Since users monitor more than one quality attribute at the same time, quality levels are prone to vary during monitoring time, producing a conflict among quality attributes. In this study, we conduct an empirical study in order to identify potential conflicts among quality attributes during Web services monitoring. For this purpose, we monitor a TravelAgent service in two scenarios: 1) monitoring attributes in isolation, and 2) monitoring attributes in pairs. Bootstrapping is used to estimate the quality level for each scenario, then we compared the quality levels in order to identify degradation. The results have shown that Response Time and Accuracy are the most conflicting attributes during monitoring.
Suppression of CD300A inhibits the growth of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

CD300A is a type I transmembrane receptor protein which has shown inhibitory effects on B-cell receptor-mediated signals. In an analysis of public dataset, we found that CD300A mRNA levels were inversely correlated with the overall survival time of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To decipher the role of CD300A in DLBCL, we knocked down the expression levels of CD300A in DLBCL cells and found that decreasing levels of CD300A significantly inhibited cell proliferation of OCI-Ly01, Farage, and SUDHL-4 cells, but not of VAL, OCI-Ly10, or SUDHL-8 cells. Mechanistically, reduced expression of CD300A resulted in a marked attenuation of AKT phosphorylation, a key molecular event in tumorigenesis, in OCI-Ly01, Farage, and SUDHL-4 cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K displayed a similar inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Furthermore, using a xenograft animal model, we found that decreasing levels of CD300A in OCI-Ly01 and Farage cells significantly inhibited tumor formation in vivo. Collectively, our results suggested an oncogenic role of CD300A in DLBCL which could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for this malignant disease.
Phenol removal from wastewaters by electrochemical oxidation using boron doped diamond (BDD) and Ti/Ti0.7Ru0.3O2 dsa® electrodes

Industrial wastewater containing non-biodegradable organic pollutants consists of highly toxic effluents whose treatment is necessary due to environmental and economical restrictions. In order to treat these effluents, an electrochemical process using a dimensionally stable anode (DSA®) and boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was studied. The performance of these electrodes for COD removal from aqueous phenol solution was evaluated in the absence and presence of different chloride concentrations. The results showed that DSA®could be successfully used to remove COD when high chloride concentration (3035 mg L-1 Cl-) and mild current density are employed (50 mA cm-2). On the other hand, the presence of chloride did not have the same significant effect on the COD depletion rate using BDD; however, under mild conditions (50 mA cm-2, 0.190 m s-1), the addition of 607 mg L-1 Cl- improved the COD removal by approximately 52% after 8 hours of electrolysis. The effect of current density (i) and flow velocity (v) were also studied, and it was verified that they have an important role on the process performance, especially when DSA® is used.
Secretory Sorting Receptors Carboxypeptidase E and Secretogranin III in Amyloid β‐Associated Neural Degeneration in Alzheimer's Disease

The secretory sorting receptors carboxypeptidase E (CPE) and secretogranin III (SgIII) critically activate peptidic messengers and targeting them at the regulated secretory pathway. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the wide range of changes includes impaired function of key secretory peptidic cargos such as brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuropeptides. Here, we analyzed CPE and SgIII in the cerebral cortex of AD patients and transgenic mice. In the normal human cortex, a preferential location in dendrites and perikarya was observed for CPE, whereas SgIII was mainly associated with axons and terminal‐like buttons. Interestingly, SgIII and CPE were consistently detected in astroglial cell bodies and thin processes. In AD cortices, a strong wide accumulation of both sorting receptors was detected in dystrophic neurites surrounding amyloid plaques. Occasionally, increased levels of SgIII were also observed in plaque associate‐reactive astrocytes. Of note, the main alterations detected for CPE and SgIII in AD patients were faithfully recapitulated by APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. These results implicate for the first time the sorting receptors for regulated secretion in amyloid β‐associated neural degeneration. Because CPE and SgIII are essential in the process and targeting of neuropeptides and neurotrophins, their participation in the pathological progression of AD may be suggested.
Parametric crossover model and physical limit of stability in supercooled water

The two-critical point (TCP) scenario for supercooled water was tested against experimental data with the crossover equation of state (CR EOS) based on the fundamental results of the fluctuation theory of critical phenomena. The CR EOS predicts a second critical point, CP2, in supercooled water with the parameters Tc2=188 K, ρc2=1100 kg⋅m−3, Pc2=230 MPa, and represents the experimental values of the isothermal compressibility in liquid and supercooled water with an average absolute deviation (AAD) of about 1.7% in the pressure range P=0.1–190 MPa, the liquid densities with an AAD of about 0.1%, and the heat capacity with an AAD of about 1.0% in the temperature range 245 K⩽T⩽300 K. The CR EOS also allows calculation of the physical limit of stability in supercooled water—the kinetic spinodal, TKS. At all pressures P<190 MPa, the kinetic spinodal calculated with the CR EOS lies below the homogeneous nucleation temperature, TH, thus satisfying a physically obvious condition TKS⩽TH. We show that the CP2 is al.
Reuse-Based Test Recommendation in Software Engineering

Still today, the development of effective and high-quality software tests is an expensive and very labor intensive process. It demands a high amount of problem awareness, domain knowledge and concentration from human software testers. Therefore, any technology that can help reduce the manual effort involved in the software testing process -- while ensuring at least the same level of quality -- has the potential to significantly reduce software development and maintenance costs. In this dissertation, we present a new idea for achieving this by reusing the knowledge bound up in existing tests. Over the last two decades, software reuse and code recommendation has received a wide variety of attention in academia and industry, but the research conducted in this area to date has focused on the reuse of application code rather than on the reuse of tests. By switching this focus, this thesis paves the way for the automated extraction of test data and knowledge from previous software projects. In particular, it presents a recommendation approach for software tests that leverages lessons learned from traditional software reuse to make test case reuse suggestions to software engineers while they are working. In contrast to most existing testing-assistance tools, which provide ex post assistance to test developers in the form of coverage assessments and test quality evaluations, our approach offers an automated, proactive, non-intrusive test recommendation system for efficient software test development.
Synaptobrevin: an integral membrane protein of 18,000 daltons present in small synaptic vesicles of rat brain.

A protein with an apparent mol. wt of 18,000 daltons (synaptobrevin) was identified in synaptic vesicles from rat brain. Some of its properties were studied using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Synaptobrevin is an integral membrane protein with an isoelectric point of approximately 6.6. During subcellular fractionation, synaptobrevin followed the distribution of small synaptic vesicles, with the highest enrichment in the purified vesicle fraction. Immunogold electron microscopy of subcellular particles revealed that synaptobrevin is localized in nerve endings where it is concentrated in the membranes of virtually all small synaptic vesicles. No significant labeling was observed on the membranes of peptide‐containing large dense core vesicles. In agreement with these results, synaptobrevin immunoreactivity has a widespread distribution in nerve terminal‐containing regions of the central and peripheral nervous system as shown by light microscopy immunocytochemistry. Outside the nervous system, synaptobrevin immunoreactivity was found in endocrine cells and cell lines (endocrine pancreas, adrenal medulla, PC12 cells, insulinoma cells) but not in other cell types, for example smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and exocrine pancreas. Thus, the distribution of synaptobrevin is similar to that of synaptophysin, a well‐characterized membrane protein of small vesicles in neurons and endocrine cells.
Lipid acquisition by intracellular Chlamydiae

Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular pathogens that are important causes of human genital tract, ocular and respiratory infections. The bacteria replicate within a specialized membrane‐bound compartment termed the inclusion and require host‐derived lipids for intracellular growth and development. Emerging evidence indicates that Chlamydia has evolved clever strategies to fulfil its lipid needs by interacting with multiple host cell compartments and redirecting trafficking pathways to its intracellular niche. In this review, we highlight recent findings that have significantly expanded our understanding of how Chlamydia exploit lipid trafficking pathways to ensure the survival of this important human pathogen.
Possible biochemical basis of memory disorder in Alzheimer disease

Damage to the hippocampal formation, whether focal or diffuse, leads to severe impairment of short‐term memory. The most common presenting symptom of Alzheimer disease is loss of short‐term memory, and histologically the hippocampus is characteristically affected. Choline acetyltransferase, which is involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine, is depleted in the hippocampus in the disorder. Anticholinergic drugs administered to normal subjects can simulate some aspects of the memory defect seen in Alzheimer disease. It is postulated that damage to a cholinergic neuronal pathway running to or from the hippocampus underlies the memory disorder. This suggestion implies that it may be possible to improve memory in patients with Alzheimer disease by pharmacological means.
Mechanisms of optical losses in Bi:SiO2 glass fibers.

The mechanisms of optical losses in bismuth-doped silica glass (Bi:SiO(2)) and fibers were studied. It was found that in the fibers of this composition the up-conversion processes occur even at bismuth concentrations lower than 0.02 at. %. Bi:SiO(2) core holey fiber drawn under oxidizing conditions was investigated. The absorption spectrum of this fiber has no bands of the bismuth infrared active center. Annealing of this fiber under reducing conditions leads to the formation of the IR absorption bands of the bismuth active center (BAC) and to the simultaneous growth of background losses. Under the realized annealing conditions (argon atmosphere, T(max) = 1100°C, duration 30 min) the BAC concentration reaches its maximum and begins to decrease in the process of excessive Bi reduction, while the background losses only increase. It was shown that the cause of these background losses is the absorption of light by nanoparticles of metallic bismuth formed in bismuth-doped glasses as a result of reduction of a part of the bismuth ions to Bi(0) and their following aggregation. The growth of background losses occurs owing to the increase of the concentration and the size of the metallic bismuth nanoparticles.
A mutation in mouse rad51 results in an early embryonic lethal that is suppressed by a mutation in p53

RecA in Escherichia coli and its homolog, ScRad51 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are known to be essential for recombinational repair. The homolog of RecA and ScRad51 in mice, MmRad51, was mutated to determine its function. Mutant embryos arrested early during development. A decrease in cell proliferation, followed by programmed cell death and chromosome loss, was observed. Radiation sensitivity was demonstrated in trophectoderm-derived cells. Interestingly, embryonic development progressed further in a p53 null background; however, fibroblasts derived from double-mutant embryos failed to proliferate in tissue culture.
Modeling the overshooting effect of multi-input gate in nanometer technologies

With the advent of nanometer age in digital circuits, the overshooting time becomes a dominating component of gate delay for CMOS logic gates. Till now, few researches have focused on the overshooting effect of multi-input gate. Therefore, in this paper, an effective model considering the overshooting effect of multi-input gate is presented. The experimental results using 32nm PTM model reflect that the proposed model is accurate within 3.6% error compared with SPICE simulation results.
Transcriptional profiling during foetal skeletal muscle development of Piau and Yorkshire-Landrace cross-bred pigs.

Skeletal muscle development is a complex process involving the coordinated expression of thousands of genes. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of pigs at 40 and 70 days (d) of gestation (developmental stages encompassing primary and secondary fibre formation) in Yorkshire-Landrace (YL) cross-bred pigs and Piau pigs (a naturalized Brazilian breed), which are two breed types that differ in muscularity. Foetuses were obtained from gilts at each gestational age (n = 3 YL; n = 4 Piau), and transcriptional profiling was performed using the Pigoligoarray microarray containing 20 400 oligonucleotides. A total of 486 oligonucleotides were differentially expressed (fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5; false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05) between 40 and 70 d gestation in either YL or Piau pigs, and a total of 1300 oligonucleotides were differentially expressed (FC ≥ 1.5; FDR ≤ 0.05) between YL and Piau pigs at either age. Gene ontology annotation and pathway analyses determined functional classifications for differentially expressed genes and revealed breed type-specific developmental expression patterns. Thirteen genes were selected for confirmation by qRT-PCR analyses, and expression patterns for most of these genes were confirmed, providing further insight into the roles of these genes in pig muscle development. This study revealed both developmental and breed type-specific patterns of gene expression in foetal pig skeletal muscle, including genes not previously associated with myogenesis. This information will contribute to future pig genetic improvement efforts.
Molecular/Genetic Therapies in Ovarian Cancer: Future Opportunities and Challenges

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Traditional therapies have included surgical management and cytotoxic chemotherapy; however, treatment paradigms continue to shift from empiric cytotoxic chemotherapy to more individualized treatment. Recent research efforts have focused on determining and targeting the molecular biological mechanisms of ovarian cancer in an attempt to develop novel therapeutic modalities with the ultimate goal of improving outcome while limiting toxicity. This chapter reviews progress in the development of novel therapies directed at major pathways implicated in ovarian tumorigenesis including angiogenesis, PARP inhibition, signal transduction, antifolate therapies, death receptor-mediated therapies, histone deacetylase inhibition, immunotherapeutics, and oncolytics.