Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of Tobacco GCN2 Stimulates Multiple Physiological Changes Associated With Stress Tolerance

General control non-derepressible-2 (GCN2) is a ubiquitous protein kinase that phosphorylates the α subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor, eIF2, preventing the initiation of a new cycle of protein synthesis, subsequently reducing the global protein biosynthesis. GCN2 can also regulate the response of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, two GCN2 homologs, NtGCN2-1 and NtGCN2-2, were cloned from Nicotiana tabacum, and were predicted to have been derived from their progenitors in N. tomentosiformis and N. sylvestris, respectively. The phosphorylation of NteIF2α could be activated by promoting the expression of NtGCN2 with plant hormones, including salicylic acid (SA), azelaic acid (AZA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and by imposition of different stresses (Bemisia tabaci infection, drought, and cold), indicating that NtGCN2 is involved in the response of plants to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. We also observed that the overexpression of NtGCN2-1 significantly influenced different physiological processes. It promoted seed germination and root elongation. The content of total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were decreased, whereas those of chlorophyll a and b were increased in the GCN2 overexpressing plants. In addition, the overexpressing plants had lower content of reactive oxygen species and exhibited higher antioxidant activities. These physiological alterations could be attributed to the changes in the endogenous phytohormones, decrease in the SA and abscisic acid content, and accumulation of MeJA and AZA. It indicated that the overexpression of NtGCN2 in tobacco, stimulated the plant defense responses via phosphorylation of NteIF2α and regulation of plant hormones, and changes in the antioxidant ability and plant nutrient status.
geck: trio-based comparative benchmarking of variant calls

Motivation Classical methods of comparing the accuracies of variant calling pipelines are based on truth sets of variants whose genotypes are previously determined with high confidence. An alternative way of performing benchmarking is based on Mendelian constraints between related individuals. Statistical analysis of Mendelian violations can provide truth set-independent benchmarking information, and enable benchmarking less-studied variants and diverse populations. Results We introduce a statistical mixture model forcomparing two variant calling pipelines from genotype data they produce after running on individual members of a trio. We determine the accuracy of our model by comparing the precision and recall of GATK Unified Genotyper and Haplotype Caller on the high-confidence SNPs of the NIST Ashkenazim trio and the two independent Platinum Genome trios. We show that our method is able to estimate differential precision and recall between the two pipelines with 10-3 uncertainty. Availability The Python library geck, and usage examples are available at the following URL: https://github.com/sbg/geck Contact peter.komar@sbgdinc.com Supplementary information Supplementary materials are available at bioRxiv.
DUCTILE ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE ELEMENTS FOR SEISMIC STRUCTURAL APPLICATION

1 Snr Researcher, IISEE, Building Research Inst, Ministry of Construction, Tsukuba, Japan Email: fukuyama@kenken.go. jp 2 Research Engineer, Technical Research Institute, Fujita Corporation, Atsugi, Japan, Email: ysato@fujita.co.jp 3 Professor, ACE-MRL, Dept of Civil and Env Eng, The University of Michigan, MI, U.S.A. , Email: vcli@engin.umich. edu 4 Professor, Dept of Architecture, Faculty of Eng, Science Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Email: ymatsu@rs.kagu. sut.ac.jp 5 Professor, Dept of Architecture, Faculty of Eng, Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Japan Email: mihashi@timos.str. archi.tohoku. ac.jp DUCTILE ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE ELEMENTS FOR SEISMIC STRUCTURAL APPLICATION
Spironolactone in Combination with α-glycosyl Isoquercitrin Prevents Steatosis-related Early Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats through the Observed NADPH Oxidase Modulation

Administration of the diuretic, spironolactone (SR), can inhibit chronic liver diseases. We determined the effects of SR alone or in combination with the antioxidant α-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ) on hyperlipidemia- and steatosis-related precancerous lesions in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats subjected to a two-stage hepatocarcinogenesis model. Rats were fed with control basal diet or HFD, which was administered with SR alone or in combination with an antioxidant AGIQ in drinking water. An HFD increased body weight, intra-abdominal fat (adipose) tissue weight, and plasma lipids, which were reduced by coadministration of SR and AGIQ. SR and AGIQ coadministration also reduced hepatic steatosis and preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci, in association with decrease in NADPH oxidase (NOX) subunit p22phox-positive cells and an increase in active-caspase-3-positive cells in the foci. Hepatic gene expression analysis revealed that the coadministration of SR and AGIQ altered mRNA levels of lipogenic enzymes (Scd1 and Fasn), antioxidant-related enzymes (Catalase), NOX component (P67phox), and anti-inflammatory transcriptional factor (Pparg). Our results indicated that SR in combination with AGIQ had the potential of suppressing hyperlipidemia- and steatosis-related early hepatocarcinogenesis through the reduced expression of NOX subunits.
THU_NGN at SemEval-2018 Task 2: Residual CNN-LSTM Network with Attention for English Emoji Prediction

Emojis are widely used by social media and social network users when posting their messages. It is important to study the relationships between messages and emojis. Thus, in SemEval-2018 Task 2 an interesting and challenging task is proposed, i.e., predicting which emojis are evoked by text-based tweets. We propose a residual CNN-LSTM with attention (RCLA) model for this task. Our model combines CNN and LSTM layers to capture both local and long-range contextual information for tweet representation. In addition, attention mechanism is used to select important components. Besides, residual connection is applied to CNN layers to facilitate the training of neural networks. We also incorporated additional features such as POS tags and sentiment features extracted from lexicons. Our model achieved 30.25% macro-averaged F-score in the first subtask (i.e., emoji prediction in English), ranking 7th out of 48 participants.
Trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants ( OCs ) within an Arctic marine food web from the southern Beaufort – Chukchi Seas

Stable isotope values (dC, dN) and concentrations of persistent organochlorine contaminants (OCs) were determined to evaluate the near-shore marine trophic status of biota and biomagnification of OCs from the southern Beaufort–Chukchi Seas (1999–2000) near Barrow, AK. The biota examined included zooplankton (Calanus spp.), fish species such as arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), and fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis), along with marine mammals, including bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus), beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus). The isotopically derived trophic position of biota from the Beaufort– Chukchi Seas marine food web, avian fauna excluded, is similar to other coastal food webs in the Arctic. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals were significantly greater than in fish and corresponded with determined trophic level. In general, OCs with the greatest food web magnification factors (FWMFs) were those either formed due to biotransformation (e.g. p,p0-DDE, oxychlordane) or considered recalcitrant (e.g. b-HCH, 2,4,5-Cl substituted PCBs) in most biota, whereas concentrations of OCs that are considered to be readily eliminated (e.g. g-HCH) did not correlate with trophic level. Differences in physical–chemical properties of OCs, feeding strategy and possible biotransformation were reflected in the variable biomagnification between fish and marine mammals. The FWMFs in the Beaufort–Chukchi Seas region were consistent with reported values in the Canadian Arctic and temperate food webs, but were statistically different than FWMFs from the Barents and White Seas, indicating that the spatial variability of OC contamination in top-level marine Arctic predators is attributed to differences in regional sources of contamination rather than trophic position. Crown Copyright # 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Translating and the Computer 29 , November 2007 ] 1 / 10 A Dynamic Dictionary for Discovering Indirect Translation Equivalents

We present the design and evaluation of a novel software application intended to help translators with rendering problematic expressions from the general lexicon. It does this dynamically by first generalising the problem expression in the source language and then searching for possible translations in a large comparable corpus. These candidate solutions are ranked and presented to the user. The method relies on measures of distributional similarity and on bilingual dictionaries. It outperforms established techniques for extracting translation equivalents from parallel corpora. The interface to the system is available at: http://corpus.leeds. ac.uk/assist/v05/.
A stable isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry method of major kavalactones and its applications

Kava is regaining its popularity with detailed characterizations warranted. We developed an ultraperformance liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for major kavalactones (kavain, dihydrokavain, methysticin, dihydromethysticin and desmethoxyyangonin) with excellent selectivity and specificity. The method has been validated for different matrices following the Food and Drug Administration guidance of analytical procedures and methods validation. The scope of this method has been demonstrated by quantifying these kavalactones in two kava products, characterizing their tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics in mice, and detecting their presence in human urines and plasmas upon kava intake. As expected, the abundances of these kavalactones differed significantly in kava products. All of them exhibited a large volume of distribution with extensive tissue affinity and adequate mean residence time (MRT) in mice. This method also successfully quantified these kavalactones in human body fluids upon kava consumption at the recommended human dose. This UPLC-MS/MS method therefore can be used to characterize kava products and its pharmacokinetics in animals and in humans.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Urbanite Woman Learner-Participation in Functional Literacy Programs in Selected Christian Churches, Accra

The promotion of adult functional literacy programs per se, neither creates the necessary motivation for learning, nor enhances the participation of adult learners in work-oriented or socio-cultural functional literacy programs. The task in learning-teaching transaction is to create the enabling environment for harnessing and enhancing learner-related factors that influence the learners’ successful and significant participation. The research sets out to investigate, analyze, and establish the factors, which influences urbanite woman learners-participation in adult functional literacy programs of selected churches in Accra. Study used survey method to collect data from study area in Nima and Maamobi, East Ayawaso sub-district of Accra, and chi-square test for statistical analysis. Three classes of factors were identified: (1) Internal factor (or the bio-psychosocial characteristics of learner, such as adult’s experience and perception) which most influenced the urbanite learner-participation; (2) External factor related to the cultural setting and organization; and (3) Integrated factor which constitutes the interplay of both internal and external factors. Integrated factor contributed the least level of influence. Findings established a crucial foundation that adult functional literacy programs designed, deployed, and developed with learner-friendly models utilizing internal factors, will most enhance learner-participation in both work-oriented and socio-cultural functional literacy programs in continuing education.
Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein is Associated With Mortality in Patients With Acute Heart Failure or Cardiogenic Shock

Background: Acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock are associated with an impaired intestinal perfusion, which may lead to a release of cytoplasmatic proteins by hypoxic epithelial injury. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP), highly specific for the small bowel enterocyte, may pose a useful novel and very sensitive biomarker for predicting outcome of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether circulating levels of iFABP are associated with mortality in patients with acute heart failure or cardiogenic shock requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods: We included 90 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock (74.4%) or severe acute heart failure (25.6%) admitted to a cardiac ICU. Blood samples were taken at day 0 and day 3. Median age was 64.7 (49.4–74.3), 76.7% of patients were male and median NT-proBNP levels were 4,986 (1,525–23,842) pg/mL. 30-day survival was 64.4%. Results: Patients with serum levels of iFABP at day 0 in the highest quartile (iFABP ≥ 588.4 pg/mL) had a 2.5-fold risk (P = 0.02) of dying independent of demographics, NT-proBNP levels, and vasopressor use. Extensively elevated admission levels of iFABP above the 90th percentile (iFABP ≥ 10208.4 pg/mL) were associated with an excessive mortality rate of 88.9%. In contrast, iFABP levels at day 3 were not associated with outcome. Conclusion: Circulating levels of iFABP at admission predict mortality. This suggests that early inadequate perfusion of the small intestine may be associated with a dramatically decreased survival in patients with cardiogenic shock or severe acute heart failure.
High linearity transimpedance amplifier in 0.18-μm CMOS technology for 20-Gb/s PAM-4 receivers

In this paper, a high-linearity transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with automatic gain control (AGC) was designed in 0.18-μm CMOS Technology. For 700-μA input current amplitude, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the TIA can be below 5%. The bandwidth of the TIA is 7.29-GHz, and its input referred current density is about 23.6-pA/√Hz. The TIA can be used in 20-Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) optical receivers. The power dissipation of the chip is 37.8-mW, and the chip area is 0.307-mm2.
SESSION TOPIC: STOCK MARKET PRICE BEHAVIOR

THE PRIMARY ROLE of the capital market is allocation of ownership of the economy's capital stock. In general terms, the ideal is a market in which prices provide accurate signals for resource allocation: that is, a market in which firms can make production-investment decisions, and investors can choose among the securities that represent ownership of firms' activities under the assumption that security prices at any time "fully reflect" all available information. A market in which prices always "fully reflect" available information is called "efficient. " This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical iterature on the efficient markets model. After a discussion of the theory, empirical work concerned with the adjustment of security prices to three relevant information subsets is considered. First, weak form tests, in which the information set is just historical prices, are discussed. Then semi-strong form tests, in which the concern is whether prices efficiently adjust to other information that is obviously publicly available (e.g., announcements of annual earnings, stock splits, etc.) are considered. Finally, strong form tests concerned with whether given investors or groups have monopolistic access to any information relevant for price formation are reviewed. ' We shall conclude that, with but a few exceptions, the efficient markets model stands up well. Though we proceed from theory to empirical work, to keep the proper historical perspective we should note to a large extent the empirical work in this area preceded the development of the theory. The theory is presented first here in order to more easily judge which of the empirical results are most relevant from the viewpoint of the theory. The empirical work itself, however, will then be reviewed in more or less historical sequence. Finally, the perceptive reader will surely recognize instances in this paper where relevant studies are not specifically discussed. In such cases my apologies should be taken for granted. The area is so bountiful that some such injustices are unavoidable. But the primary goal here will have been accomplished if a coherent picture of the main lines of the work on efficient markets is presented, along with an accurate picture of the current state of the arts.
Body Image Perceptions and Eating Patterns Among Preadolescent Children

Preadolescent children are showing patterns of body distortion and unhealthy dieting practices to attempt weight manipulation. The present study examined body image perceptions and interest in weight manipulation among 215 preadolescent children (girls, n =101) (mean age = 10) in third, fourth, and fifth grades. To measure body image perceptions, children were asked to answer two multiple choice questions: I think I am: fat, skinny, in-between; and I would like to: lose weight, gain weight, stay the same. Interest in weight manipulation was measured using the Children’s Eating Attitude Test (ChEAT). Results indicated that children show a fairly accurate perception of their body shape and size and this remained consistent for both genders and across all age groups. ANOVA results showed children who felt they were “fat” had a significantly higher level of disturbed eating patterns (ChEAT mean = 14.00) compared to the children who felt they were “in-between” (ChEAT mean = 6.95) (p = .009). Children who indicated they would like to “lose weight” had significantly higher ChEAT scores (mean = 9.19) than those who wanted to “stay the same” (mean = 6.56) (p = .033). ChEAT scores for girls showed a significant difference between the “fat” group (mean = 29.00) and the “in-between” group (mean = 6.81) (p < .001) and between the “fat” group and the “skinny” group (mean = 10.78) (p = .002). Twenty-five percent of this sample of children indicated a desire to “lose weight” (mean body mass index = 21.35) and 67% desired to “stay the same” (mean body mass index = 17.45). Preadolescent children are showing a desire for a thinner body type and are already developing a motivation to avoid weight gain or obesity through dietary manipulation. Early identification of body distortion and disturbed eating patterns could help with education and prevention strategies.
Association of Prognostic Estimates With Burdensome Interventions in Nursing Home Residents With Advanced Dementia

Importance Prognostication in advanced dementia is challenging but may influence care. Objectives To determine the accuracy of proxies’ prognostic estimates for nursing home residents with advanced dementia, identify factors associated with those estimates, and examine the association between their estimates and use of burdensome interventions. Design, Setting, and Participants Data were combined from 2 studies that prospectively followed 764 residents with advanced dementia and their proxies in Boston-area nursing homes for 12 months: (1) the Study of Pathogen Resistance and Exposure to Antimicrobials in Dementia, conducted from September 2009 to November 2012 (362 resident/proxy dyads; 35 facilities); and (2) the Educational Video to Improve nursing home Care in End-Stage Dementia, conducted from March 2013 to July 2017 (402 resident/proxy dyads; 62 facilities). Proxies were the residents’ formally or informally designated medical decision makers. Main Outcomes and Measures During quarterly telephone interviews, proxies stated whether they believed the resident would live less than 1 month, 1 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, or more than 12 months. Prognostic estimates were compared with resident survival. Resident and proxy characteristics associated with proxy prognostic estimates were determined. The association between prognostic estimates and whether residents experienced any of the following was determined: hospital transfers, parenteral therapy, tube feeding, venipunctures, and bladder catheterizations. Results The residents’ mean (SD) age was 86.6 (7.3) years; 631 (82.6%) were women and 133 (17.4%) were men. Of the 764 residents, 310 (40.6%) died later than 12 months. Proxies estimated survival with moderate accuracy (C statistic, 0.67). When proxies perceived the resident would die within 6 months, they were more likely to report being asked (183 [7.2%] of 2526) vs not being asked (126 [5.0%] of 2526) about goals of care by nursing home clinicians (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.94; 95% CI, 1.50-2.52). Residents were less likely to experience burdensome interventions when the proxy prognostic estimate was less than 6 months (89 [4.4%] of 2031) vs greater than 6 months (1008 [49.6%] of 2031) (AOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.34-0.62). Conclusions and Relevance Proxies estimated the prognosis of nursing home residents with advanced dementia with moderate accuracy. Having been asked about their opinion about the goal of care was associated with the proxies’ perception that the resident had less than 6 months to live and that perception was associated with a lower likelihood the resident experienced burdensome interventions.
The trends in total energy, macronutrients and sodium intake among Japanese: findings from the 1995–2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey

Abstract Monitoring nutritional status of the population is essential in the development and evaluation of national or local health policies. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate analysis on the trends in dietary intake of energy and macronutrients, as well as Na, in Japanese population using the data of series of cross-sectional national surveys – the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) and the National Health Nutrition Survey (NHNS) – during the period from 1995 to 2016. The NNS and NHNS participants aged 20–79 years were included in the analysis. Dietary intake was estimated using 1-d household-based dietary record. The trend in total energy intake, energy intake from macronutrients (fat and protein), Na intake and energy-adjusted Na intake were analysed using regression models adjusted to 2010 age distribution and anthropometry status. A total of 94 270 men and 107 890 women were included the analysis. Total energy intake showed a decreasing trend in both men and women. Similarly, energy intake from protein decreased, but energy intake (%) from fat increased in both sexes. Energy-adjusted Na intake showed a decreasing trend in both men and women. This study identified the decrease in total energy intake and energy intake from protein, whereas there were inverse trends in energy intake from fat among Japanese adults. Continued monitoring of trends in dietary intake will be needed, and there should be efforts to increase the accuracy of current survey procedures.
North African power system monitoring using PMU technology

Monitoring of the electrical power system has an importance in its reliability. In order to ensure the best monitoring, the system of measure and communication must be precise and in real time. The integration of PMU technology in the electrical power system improves reliability monitoring for the local and large area power system. In this paper, we have used PMU technology in the North African electric power system.