Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SnO2 nanosheets with multifunctional properties for flexible gas-sensors and UVA light detectors

The presented research introduces an innovative bottom-up approach, involving synthesis, characterization and application of SnO2 nanomaterials in advanced technologies. SnO2 nanosheets are synthesized with a hydrothermal method and screen-printed on a flexible substrate with interdigitated electrodes. The obtained measurements reveal that the synthesized material has a rutile crystal structure with preferable (1 1 0) orientation and oxygen-defects, unique morphology and good electric conductivity. Multifunctional performance is evaluated for gas and ultraviolet A (UVA; 365 nm) light sensing. The designed sensor shows a better response to ethanol in comparison to 2-propanol and acetone, indicating the selectivity feature among the investigated volatile organic compounds. Photocurrent measurements reveal a good photoconversion rate, suitable for UVA monitoring.
Deteksi Granuloma Melalui Citra Radiograf Periapikal Dengan Metode GLCM Dan Klasifikasi Learning Vector Quantization

Teeth are the hardest parts in the mouth. One of dental abnormalities that are often found is granuloma. A doctor can detect disease in human’s teeth through the results of x-rays but in its development x-ray are still not able to generate proper diagnosis. On this research will develop an application that can detect granuloma deases with an output on spatial domain with an extraction feature using GLCM which is tabulated by how often different combination of pixel brightness values occur in the image as the method. The classification processed by using LVQ. The classification purpose to classify the image into two conditions, namely: normal and granuloma. The purpose of this research is to facilitate dentist all around Indonesia’s region to detect dental granuloma by radiology tool with affordable price. The obtained result is a program with a matlab software with Graphical User Interface designed to simplify user application.
Methodische Evaluierung von wahrscheinlichkeitstheoretischen Inferenzverfahren für dynamische Systeme

Die wahrscheinlichkeitstheoretische Inferenz beschreibt das Problem der Schatzung der Zustande und Parameter eines Systems aus unvollstandigen und verrauschten Messdaten. Anwendungsbeispiele sind u.a. Filter fur Regelungskonzepte, Fehlerdiagnose, Tragheitsnavigation, u.v. m. Wahlt man einen statistischen, rekursiven Ansatz zur Losung des Problems, so ist diese durch die Rekursive Bayes'sche Schatztheorie gegeben, welche fur die meisten praxisrelevanten Anwendungen nicht exakt losbar ist. Das Spektrum an Naherungslosungen ist umfangreich und unubersichtlich. Die hohe Anzahl an Algorithmen und der Mangel an einer praxisorientierten Bewertungsmethode erschweren die Auswahl eines geeigneten Filters und inspirierten dieses Projekt. In vorliegender Dissertation wird ein Zugang vorgestellt, der dazu beitragen soll, den Entscheidungsprozess zu objektivieren. Die Praxiseignung der vorgestellten Methode wird am Beispiel der modellgestutzten Diagnose eines Dieselpartikelfilters nachgewiesen.
Single/two-objective aerodynamic shape optimization by a Stackelberg/adjoint method

ABSTRACT In this article, the Stackelberg game strategy is coupled with the adjoint method and applied in single-objective and two-objective aerodynamic shape optimizations. In the proposed method, two types of player (leader and follower) are involved, and each of these players is responsible for the optimization of one objective function by adjusting a subset of design variables. A Stackelberg equilibrium is reached when the leader cannot improve his/her objective function further. Note that the success of the proposed method is highly dependent on the choice of a few influential factors, including the maximal number of iterations for each player, the splitting and mapping schemes of design variables, and the allocation strategies of objective functions to different players. Therefore, the impacts of these factors are firstly assessed by a two-objective optimization case of the NACA0012 airfoil, and some useful inferences are produced for the choice of these factors. After that, single-objective and two-objective aerodynamic optimizations of the RAE2822 airfoil and the ONERA M6 wing are conducted to verify the usefulness of these inferences, and to validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method in optimization problems with a complex numerical model or a large number of design variables.
Undulatory and oscillatory swimming

Theory and modelling remain central to improving our understanding of undulatory and oscillatory swimming. Simple models based on added mass can help to give great insight into the mechanics of undulatory swimming, as demonstrated by animals such as eels, stingrays and knifefish. To understand the swimming of oscillatory swimmers such as tuna and dolphins, models need to consider both added mass forces and circulatory forces. For all types of swimming, experiments and theory agree that the most important velocity scale is the characteristic lateral velocity of the tail motion rather than the swimming speed, which erases to a large extent the difference between results obtained in a tethered mode, compared to those obtained using a free swimming condition. There is no one-to-one connection between the integrated swimming performance and the details of the wake structure, in that similar levels of efficiency can occur with very different wake structures. Flexibility and viscous effects play crucial roles in determining the efficiency, and for isolated propulsors changing the profile shape can significantly improve both thrust and efficiency. Also, combined heave and pitch motions with an appropriate phase difference are essential to achieve high performance. Reducing the aspect ratio will always reduce thrust and efficiency, but its effects are now reasonably well understood. Planform shape can have an important mitigating influence, as do non-sinusoidal gaits and intermittent actuation.
Mixed Second Order Indicator Model: The First Order Using Principal Component Analysis and The Second Order Using Factor Analysis

The second order indicator model can be the first order having formative or reflective indicators of an underlying second order. The research used principal component analysis in the first order and factor analysis in the second order. The variable used in the research was ihsan behavior. This research aims to apply multivariate analysis, i.e. the principal component analysis in the first order and the factor analysis in the second order to obtain the latent variable data of ihsan behavior in the second order indicator model. The data used in this research were primary data by distributing questionnaires. Respondents of this research were lecturers of the Faculty of Economics and Business at the University of X. The research results generated latent variable data in the form of ihsan behavior. Ihsan behavior was reflected in six indicators, i.e. doing something perfectly, repaying goodness with more goodness, reducing optimally unpleasant consequences, as a solution when justice cannot be realized, as a logical consequence rather than faith, and as an investment in future success.
Partitioned multirate coupling schemes for the heat equation in preCICE

[1] Keyes, D. E. , McInnes, L. C. , Woodward, C. , Gropp, W. , Myra, E. , Pernice, M. , . Wohlmuth, B. (2013). Multiphysics simulations: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 27(1), 4–83. [2] Cheung Yau, L. (2016). Conjugate Heat Transfer with the Multiphysics Coupling Library preCICE. Technical University of Munich. [3] Monge, A. , & Birken, P. (2018). A multirate Neumann-Neumann waveform relaxation method for heterogeneous coupled heat equations, (submitted). [4] Rüth, B. , Uekermann, B. , Mehl, M. , & Bungartz, H. -J. (2018). Time Stepping Algorithms for Partitioned Multi-Scale MultiPhysics. Proceedings of ECCM VI / ECFD VII, (submitted). [5] Bungartz, H. -J., Lindner, F. , Gatzhammer, B. , Mehl, M. , Scheufele, K. , Shukaev, A. , & Uekermann, B. (2016). preCICE – A fully parallel library for multi-physics surface coupling. Comput. & Fluids, 141(Supplement C), 250–258. [6] Uekermann, B. (2016). Partitioned Fluid-Structure Interaction on Massively Parallel Systems. PhD Thesis. Technical University of Munich. [7] Uekermann, B. , Bungartz, H. -J., Cheung Yau, L. , Chourdakis, G. , & Rusch, A. (2017). Official preCICE Adapters for Standard OpenSource Solvers. In Proceedings of the 7th GACM Colloquium on Computational Mechanics for Young Scientists from Academia. [8] Monge, A. (2018). Partitioned methods for time-dependent thermal fluid-structure interaction. PhD Thesis. Lund University. [9] Monge, A. A time-adaptive multirate Dirichlet-Neumann waveform relaxation method for heterogeneous coupled heat equations (in preparation). www.precice. org github.com/precice Partitioned multirate coupling schemes for the heat equation in preCICE
Terahertz wireless communications using resonant tunnelling diodes with radio‐over‐fibre

The authors examine a resonant tunnelling diode (RTD)-based wireless transceiver system in conjunction with radio-over-fibre (RoF) and identify the performance limiting factors. Ultra high-definition television 4K-video over 1 km fibre and 15 cm wireless is demonstrated. In addition error-free data transmission up to 11 Gbit/s over 1 km fibre and 10 cm wireless is also presented. Eye-diagram and jitter results for laboratory RoF equipment show the performance is not degraded with respect to an RTD-only system, and that RoF-RTD is considered promising and complementary technologies.
Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Networks with Imperfect Spectrum Sensing

In this study, energy-efficient (EE) resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based cognitive radio networks with imperfect spectrum sensing is investigated. We present a new EE model by considering the sensing errors. Optimizing such an EE expression saves valuable resources, such as battery life, by selectively allocating power to underutilized subcarriers, and also achieves EE gain compared with general EE expression. Given that the primary user’s interference tolerance can be defined as either the Peak Interference Power (PIP) constraint or Average Interference Power (AIP) constraint for all subchannels, we compare the EE performance for the two interference power constraints. Finally, we propose an optimal EE resource allocation scheme based on the quasiconcave relation between the EE and transmit power. Simulations show that the new EE design improves EE compared with the conventional EE design, and the EE is higher with AIP constraint than that with PIP constrain under certain interference power.
Protein Immunization T Cell Response after + for the Memory CD8 T Cells to Provide Help + CD27 Instructs CD4

BorstYanling Xiao, Victor Peperzak, Anna M. Keller and Janniehttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/181/2/1071J Immunol€2008; 181:1071-1082; ;Referenceshttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/181/2/1071.full#ref-list-1This article cites 52 articles, 29 of which you can access for free at: Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai. org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:
Using Outcome-Based Instructional Design Approach to Enhance E-Learning with Social Software: A Mixed Methods Case Study

This mixed-methods single case study explored how outcome-based instructional design can be used to incorporate social software into an existing e-learning course. Pre-service teachers enrolled in a teacher education program at a Canadian university volunteered to participate in a study where social software was incorporated into a foundations course to facilitate digital literacy development, social objects production, and reflection on how these experiences connect to future teaching practice. The instructional design process was guided by a conceptual framework and informed by W(e)Learn, a well-tested e-learning design and evaluation framework. The quantitative and qualitative data were collected from the instructional designer’s journal, participant surveys, course records and interviews. Findings provided a comprehensive view of the effectiveness of outcome-based instructional design. In general, participants achieved the expected learning outcomes for this study. There were also unexpected outcomes. For example, some learners created a virtual community of practice. Some learners had an influence on their in-service teacher’s use of social software in teaching and learning. The findings supported the literature that states an outcome-based instructional design approach can facilitate learning. The findings also revealed why participants used social software in their teaching (e.g. awareness, usefulness, and school environment). In addition, these findings can inform school board policy with regard to supporting the use of social software in teaching and
Homotopic properties of KA-digitizations of n-dimensional Euclidean spaces

For $X (\subset R^n)$, assume the subspace $(X, E_X^n)$ induced by the $n$-dimensional Euclidean topological space $(R^n, E^n)$. Let $Z$ be the set of integers. Khalimsky topology on $Z$, denoted by $(Z, \kappa)$, is generated by the set $\{\{2m-1, 2m, 2m+1\}\,\vert\, m \in {Z}\}$ as a subbase. Besides, Khalimsky topology on $Z^n, n \in N$, denoted by $(Z^n, \kappa^n)$, is a product topology induced by $({Z}, \kappa)$. Proceeding with a digitization of $(X, E_X^n)$ in terms of the Khalimsky ($K$-, for short) topology, we obtain a $K$-digitized space in ${Z}^n$, denoted by $D_K(X) (\subset {Z}^n$), which is a $K$-topological space. Considering further $D_K(X)$ with $K$-adjacency, we obtain a topological graph related to the $K$-topology (a $KA$-space for short) denoted by $D_{KA}(X)$ (see an algorithm in Section 3). Motivated by an $A$-homotopy between $A$-maps for $KA$-spaces, the present paper establishes a new homotopy, called an $LA$-homotopy, which is suitable for studying homotopic properties of both $(X, E_X^n)$ and $D_{KA}(X)$ because a homotopy for Euclidean topological spaces has some limitations of digitizing $(X, E_X^n)$. The goal of the paper is to study some relationships among an ordinary homotopy equivalence for spaces $(X, E_X^n)$, an $LA$-homotopy equivalence for spaces $(X, E_X^n)$, and an $A$-homotopy equivalence for $KA$-spaces $D_{KA}(X)$. Finally, we classify $KA$-spaces (resp. $(X, E_X^n))$ via an $A$-homotopy equivalence (resp. an $LA$-homotopy equivalence). This approach can facilitate studies of applied topology, approximation theory and digital geometry.
Optimal codesign of industrial networked control systems with state‐dependent correlated fading channels

This paper examines a codesign problem in industrial networked control systems (NCS) whereby physical systems are controlled over wireless fading channels. The considered wireless channels are assumed to be stochastically dependent on the physical states of moving machineries in the industrial working space. In this paper, the moving machineries are modeled as Markov decision processes whereas the characteristics of the correlated fading channels are modeled as a binary random process whose probability measure depends on both the physical states of moving machineries and the transmission power of communication channels. Under such a state‐dependent fading channel model, sufficient conditions to ensure the stochastic safety of the NCS are first derived. Using the derived safety conditions, a codesign problem is then formulated as a constrained joint optimization problem that seeks for optimal control and transmission power policies which simultaneously minimize an infinite time cost on both communication resource and control effort. This paper shows that such optimal policies can be obtained in a computationally efficient manner using convex programming methods. Simulation results of an autonomous forklift truck and a networked DC motor system are presented to illustrate the advantage and efficacy of the proposed codesign framework for industrial NCS.
Application of Floyd’s Algorithm for Knust Fire Service

There have been a number of fire outbreak cases recorded in the KNUST area that has brought about loss of lives to inhabitants and loss of properties. Some routes within the district can be reconstructed into bitumen roads so that fire attackers can traverse through the district in order to prevent fire incidents. The main objective in this study is finding the minimum travel distances and shortest paths from the Knust Fire Station to all other towns in the district of Kumasi Metropolitan area in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Shortest path algorithms of various variants have been discussed with examples in this study as well as review of abstracts of other related books and articles. The Floyd’s Algorithm has been explained in which it maximize the source node minus the destination node. It was found out that at each destination used in the objective function, the Floyd’s algorithm proceeds to obtain minimum distances to every other destination. The introductory part of the paper deals with the theory of searching for optimal routes in transport networks, including a description of each type of optimization tasks. The aim of the article is demonstration of Floyd algorithm application to find the minimal paths from each node to another in network graph - in our case the network represents traffic model of road network in the region of Knust.
Unveiling the relationships between diet composition and fermentation parameters response in dual-flow continuous culture system: a meta-analytical approach

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the functional form of the relationship between diet composition (dietary crude protein [CP] and neutral detergent fiber [NDF]) and amount of substrate (fermenter dry matter intake [DMI]) with microbial fermentation end products in a dual-flow continuous culture system. A meta-analysis was performed using data from 75 studies. To derive the linear models, the MIXED procedure was used, and for nonlinear models, the NLMIXED procedure was used. Significance levels to fit the model assumed for fixed and random effects were P ≤ 0.05. Independent variables were dietary NDF, CP, and fermenter DMI, whereas dependent variables were total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration; molar proportions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate; true ruminal digestibilities of organic matter (OM), CP, and NDF; ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentration and flows of NH3–N; non-ammonia nitrogen; bacterial-N; dietary-N; and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EMPS). Ruminal digestibilities of OM, NDF, and CP decreased as fermenter DMI increased (P < 0.04). Dietary NDF and CP digestibilities were quadratically associated (P < 0.01). Total VFA linearly increased as DMI increased (P < 0.01), exponentially decreased as dietary NDF increased (P < 0.01), and was quadratically associated with dietary CP (P < 0.01), in which total VFA concentration was maximized at 18% dietary CP. Molar proportion of acetate exponentially increased (P < 0.01) as dietary NDF increased. Molar proportion of propionate linearly increased and exponentially decreased as DMI and dietary NDF increased, respectively (P < 0.01). Bacterial-N quadratically increased and dietary-N exponentially increased as DMI increased (P < 0.01). Flows of bacterial-N and dietary-N linearly decreased as dietary NDF increased (P < 0.02), and dietary-N flow was maximized at 18% CP. The EMPS linearly increased as dietary CP increased (P < 0.02) and was not affected by DMI or dietary NDF (P > 0.05). In summary, increasing fermenter DMI increased total VFA concentration and molar proportion of propionate, whereas, dietary NDF increased the molar proportion of acetate. Dietary CP increased bacterial-N flow and was positively associated with NH3–N concentration. Overall, the analysis of this dataset demonstrates evidences that the dual-flow continuous culture system provides valuable estimates of ruminal digestibility, VFA concentration, and nitrogen metabolism.
Ultralow-Profile, Electrically Small, Pattern-Reconfigurable Metamaterial-Inspired Huygens Dipole Antenna

An ultralow-profile, electrically small, pattern-reconfigurable metamaterial-inspired Huygens dipole antenna is presented that operates near 1.5 GHz. The design incorporates two pairs of magnetic and electric near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) elements and a reconfigurable driven element. A pair of p-i-n diodes is integrated into the driven element to enable the antenna pattern reconfigurability. By switching the ON/OFF states of the diodes, the antenna can realize two independent unidirectional endfire radiating states whose peaks point in antipodal directions and a bidirectional endfire radiating state. The measured results, in good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate that although the antenna is electrically small (ka= 0.98) and ultralow profile ( $0.0026\lambda _{0}$ ), it can realize uniform peak realized gains (RGs) of ~5.4 dBi, front-to-back ratios (FTBRs) of ~13.3 dB, and radiation efficiencies of (REs) ~85% in its two oppositely directed endfire states, and a RG of ~3.55 dBi and RE of ~87% in its bidirectional endfire state.
Design and fabrication of small and low profile microstrip monopole antenna using CRLH-TL structures

ABSTRACT This paper presents compact and low profile microstrip monopole antenna using composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) structures, which has multiband performance. The physical size of the antenna is 30 mm×30 mm×1.6 mm. The antenna is simulated utilizing the CST CAD tool, and the circuit model of the antenna is designed using ADS software. The simulated reflection coefficient of ADS is in good compromise with the CST. Also, the antenna is fabricated and the simulation and measurement results are in good agreement with each other. The proposed antenna with two unit cells has good reflection coefficient and quasi-omnidirectional patterns with the peak gain of 3.43 dBi at 8.37 GHz and the radiation efficiency of 70% at 2.4 GHz and 4.58 GHz. Also, the antenna with three unit cells has the peak gain of 5.2 dBi at 4.19 GHz and the efficiency of 85% at 3.04 GHz that covers WiMAX/WLAN/ITU bands.