Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissociative disorders in psychiatric inpatients.

OBJECTIVE This study attempted to determine 1) the prevalence of dissociative disorders in psychiatric inpatients, 2) the degree of reported childhood trauma in patients with dissociative disorders, and 3) the degree to which dissociative experiences are recognized in psychiatric patients. METHOD A total of 110 patients consecutively admitted to a state psychiatric hospital were given the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Patients who scored above 25 were matched for age and gender with a group of patients who scored below 5 on the scale. All patients in the two groups were then interviewed in a blind manner, and the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule, the Traumatic Antecedent Questionnaire, and the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, Nonpatient Version, were administered. Chart reviews were also conducted on all patients. RESULTS Fifteen percent of the psychiatric patients scored above 25 on the Dissociative Experiences Scale; 100% of these patients met DSM-III criteria for a dissociative disorder. These patients had significantly higher rates of major depression, PTSD, substance abuse, and borderline personality than did the comparison patients, and they also reported significantly higher rates of childhood trauma. Chart review data revealed that dissociative symptoms were largely unrecognized. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of psychiatric inpatients have significant dissociative pathology, and these symptoms are underrecognized by clinicians. The proper diagnosis of these patients has important implications for their clinical course.
Improvement of the oblique-incidence optical interferometric system to measure tooth flanks of involute helical gears.

We put forward a plan of improving the oblique-incidence optical interferometric system applied in the measurement of tooth flanks of an involute spur gear in order to expand its capability to measure an involute helical gear. On the basis of the features of an involute helical tooth flank, we discuss how to realize the parallelism between the optical axis of the object arm of the optical system and the straight lines constructing the involute helical tooth flank. This parallelism helps the optical system produce an interference fringe pattern as clear as the one of an involute spur gear [Appl. Opt.49, 6409 (2010). ]. A numerical simulation is then performed to examine the correctness of the improvement. During simulating, we unify the equation of difference tooth flanks by means of importing two parameters in relation to the left or right side of a tooth flank and the helical direction of teeth, respectively. Finally, the actual experiment is fulfilled through the real optical system built on an optical table. The simulation and experiment results verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed improvement.
Generating music using a picture and a transform system

This paper introduces a method to generate music using a picture. We outline the transform system we created to do so. We analyze pictures as visual information, and music as acoustical information. We find they have features, such as continuity, in common. We create a transform system based these common features and output the music using MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). We consider the fundamental features of music when we create the transform system. A stream of music is repetitive, has contrast, and variation. However, in general, pictures lack these features. We generate music by combining rhythm and modulated rhythm. This paper shows how to create the transform system, the process of generating music using a picture, and the algorithms involved. By showing the output's high degree of freedom, we prove that this system can help the composer compose. The composer can quote some rhythm or melody of generated music, or can obtain inspiration to compose when listening to the outputs.
Blind Source Separation Based On Wavelet Signal Representation

Most of the proposed techniques for solving the Blind Source Separation problem (BSS) or Independent Component Analysis (ICA) rely on independence or at least uncorrelation assumption of source signals. This paper introduces a technique for cases that source signals present only different time-scale localization properties. We present a new BSS algorithm for the static mixing problem that exploits the advantages of wavelet transform and we propose a representation called Spatial Time Scale Distributions (STSD) to characterize energy and interference of the observed data. The most striking result is the possibility to perform separation from a smaller number of STSD matrices. We also discuss the possibility and the suitability of the STSD matrices to a joint diagonalisation criterion because of the different time-scale property assumption. A variety of simulations, for synthetic signals and real audio recordings, assess the accuracy of the proposed technique to restore statistical independence, and compare their performances over those of the JADE algorithm in noisy environment.
Atherogenic index of plasma in highly active antiretroviral therapy-naïve patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Southeast Nigeria

Introduction: Metabolic abnormalities are often common among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is increasingly being used as a screening tool for dyslipidemia as it predicts the presence of small, dense, and highly atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern and predictors of an abnormal atherogenic index in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-naïve HIV patients. Materials and Methods: HAART-naïve patients with HIV infection were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, CD4 count, viral load, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profiles were determined. Total cholesterol (TCH)/HDL, triglyceride (TG)/HDL, and LDL/HDL ratios were calculated. The AIP was calculated as log (TG/HDL). The correlations between AIP and the other lipoprotein ratios and predictors of AIP were determined using stepwise multiple linear regression. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 353 patients with a mean age of 37.3 (9.6) years were recruited for this study. Low HDL level was the most common abnormality in 222 (62.9%) patients while elevated TCH was seen in 54 (15.3%) patients. Those with medium risk (AIP 0.1-0.24) and high risk category (AIP > 0.24) constituted up to 226 (64%) of the patients. There were significant correlations between AIP and CD4 count, body mass index, LDL, TCH/HDL, and LDL/HDL. Predictors of AIP were CD4 count, TCH/HDL, and LDL/HDL. Conclusion: Abnormal AIP is frequent in HAART-naïve HIV patients and is inversely related to their level of immunity. We recommend that AIP estimation should be part of baseline assessment of HIV patients before the commencement of therapy.
Optimizing the Use of Video-Tapes of Clinical Sessions: The Data-Mining Approach for Scale Construction and Theory Building for Bereaved Persons in Hong Kong

Video-taping clinical sessions is a common practice among social workers so that the tapes may be used for clinical supervision and reviewed with the individuals or families involved. They are usually underused for research purposes. This article reports on an innovative research method using such tapes as a basis for clinical data mining to explore the bereavement experience of Chinese people in Hong Kong. Using this data, a rich item pool, containing both negative and positive reactions, was generated to allow the development of a culturally relevant measurement tool of grief reactions. The data also facilitated theory building in the area of grief and bereavement. This study extended the use of video-tapes in clinical sessions for research purposes and helped to collect reliable and timely data in a non-intrusive way. It has also advanced the use of quantitative data in the clinical data-mining approach. The study encouraged collaboration between clinicians and researchers to develop knowledge and skills about their special target group of clients.
Apprentissage de connaissances morphologiques pour l'acquisition automatique de ressources lexicales. (Unsupervised learning of morphological knowledge for the automatic acquisition of lexical resources)

Les ressources lexico-semantiques, telles que les thesaurus, les terminologies ou les ontologies, visent a organiser les connaissances en rendant explicites divers types de relations semantiques comme la synonymie ou la specialisation. Le cout de la construction manuelle de telles ressources reste eleve, ce qui explique l'essor des methodes d'acquisition automatique de connaissances, allant de l'extraction des termes representant les unites de connaissance a l'identification des relations semantiques qui les relient. Nous nous interessons dans cette these au role que peut jouer la morphologie, c'est-a-dire la structure interne des mots, pour l'acquisition de telles connaissances a partir de corpus de textes de specialite, essentiellement medicaux, et dans une perspective multilingue. Nous presentons deux systemes d'acquisition de connaissances morphologiques non supervises, caracterises par des approches differentes. Le premier procede par segmentation des mots, tandis que le second regroupe les mots dans des familles morphologiques. Nous explorons ensuite les utilisations possibles de ce type d'informations pour l'acquisition de termes et de relations semantiques. Nous proposons notamment une methode de ponderation et de visualisation des mots cles extraits de corpus de textes de specialite en fonction de leur famille morphologique. Nous definissons egalement des schemas, bases sur les resultats de la segmentation morphologique, afin de decouvrir des relations semantiques telles que la specialisation et la cohyponymie.
Glucagon gene expression is negatively regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 beta

Pancreatic expression of the glucagon gene depends on multiple transcription factors interacting with at least three DNA control elements: G1, the upstream promoter element, and G2 and G3, two enhancer-like sequences. We report here that the major enhancer of the rat glucagon gene, G2, interacts with three protein complexes, A1, A2, and A3. A2 is detected only in islet cells, and impairment of its binding to mutant G2 causes a marked decrease in transcriptional activity. We identify A1 as hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 beta (HNF-3 beta), a member of the HNF-3 DNA-binding protein family found in abundance in the liver which has been proposed to play a role in the formation of gut-related organs. HNF-3 beta binds G2 on a site which overlaps A2 and acts as a repressor of glucagon gene expression, as demonstrated by mutational analyses of G2 and by cotransfection of HNF-3 beta cDNA along with reporter genes containing G2 into glucagon-producing cells. Our data implicate HNF-3 beta in the control of glucagon gene expression and strengthen the idea of endodermal origin of the islet cells.
Characteristics of women 50 years of age or older with heterosexually acquired AIDS.

OBJECTIVES This study compared characteristics of older (> or = 50 years) and younger (< 50 years) women with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) attributed to heterosexual contact. METHODS We interviewed women with heterosexually acquired AIDS reported to 12 state and local health departments. Of 556 women interviewed, 59 (11%) were 50 or older. RESULTS Older women were more likely than younger women to live alone (24% vs 11%), to have not completed high school (63% vs 37%), to be tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) while hospitalized (51% vs 32%), and to have never used a condom before HIV diagnosis (86% vs 67%). CONCLUSIONS Health care providers need to recognize HIV risk behavior in older women, encourage testing, and promote condom use.
A Study on Distribution and Seasonal Abundance of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Population in Athens, Greece

ABSTRACT In September 2008, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse 1894), a mosquito of great medical importance, was reported for the first time in a district of Athens, Greece. The following year, its distribution and population abundance over time around its first detection site was investigated. A network of 50 ovitraps was established in a surrounding area of 25 km2 and monitored for 17 mo from 17 August 2009 through 31 December 2010. Weekly servicing of the ovitraps and subsequent laboratory treatment of the collected mosquito eggs, revealed that Ae. albopictus is the dominant container breeding Aedes species and is widespread in the entire study area. The seasonal monitoring showed that this mosquito is continuously active from mid spring until the end of December with a considerably high oviposition activity recorded during summer and fall. Moreover, comparison of its activity during late August and end of December, between the two consecutive surveillance years, indicated a significant increase of population abundance the second year. The current study suggests the necessity of setting up in the city of Athens an integrated surveillance program in a greater scale for Asian tiger mosquito's effective control.
Reduced postnatal cerebral glucose metabolism measured by PET after asphyxia in near term fetal lambs

The effects of fetal asphyxia on cerebral function and development, involve the transition from fetal to neonatal life. Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism may be an early postnatal indicator of fetal asphyxia. The objective is to develop an experimental lamb model involving the transition from fetal to neonatal life and to examine the effect of fetal asphyxia with cerebral hypoxic ischemia on early postnatal cerebral glucose metabolism. Fetal asphyxia was induced by total umbilical cord occlusion in eight near‐term fetal lambs (134–138 days) with the ewe under isoflurane‐opiate anesthesia. The mean occlusion time until cardiac arrest was 14.5 (4.2) min (SD). Lambs were immediately delivered and standardized resuscitation was instituted after 2 min asystole. At 4 hr postnatal age, [18‐F]Fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐glucose (18‐FDG) was injected intravenously in eight asphyxiated lambs and in eight controls. Cerebral glucose metabolism was examined by positron emission tomography (PET). As a result the mean arterial blood pressure, acid‐base values, blood glucose and serum lactate at 4 hr postnatal age did not differ significantly between lambs subjected to umbilical cord occlusion and controls. EEG was abnormal in all lambs subjected to cord occlusion and normal in the controls at 4 hr postnatal age. Global cerebral metabolic rate (CMRgl) as determined by PET was significantly lower in lambs subjected to cord occlusion mean/median (SD) 22.2/19.6 (8.4) μmol/min/100 g) than in controls mean/median (SD) 37.8/35.9 (6.1); P < 0.01). Global CMRgl is significantly reduced in newborn lambs 4 hr after fetal asphyxia induced by umbilical cord occlusion. A reduction in CMRgl is an early indicator of global hypoxic cerebral ischemia. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo occupancy of histone gene proximal promoter elements reflects gene copy number‐dependent titratable transactivation factors and cross‐species compatibility of regulatory sequences

To assess systematically the structural and functional aspects of histone gene transcription within a chromosomal context, we stably integrated an extensive set of human histone H4 gene constructs into mouse C127 cells. Levels of expression were determined by S1 nuclease protection assays for multiple mouse monoclonal cell lines containing these human H4 genes. For each cell line, we quantitated the number of integrated human H4 genes by Southern blot analysis. The results indicate that the expression of the human H4 gene is in part copy number dependent at low gene dosages. However, the level of expression varies among different cell lines containing similar numbers of copies of the same H4 gene construct. This result suggests that position‐dependent chromosomal integration effects contribute to H4 gene transcription, consistent with the roles of long‐range gene organization and nuclear architecture in gene regulation. At high copy number, the level of human H4 gene expression per copy decreased, and endogenous mouse H4 mRNA levels were also reduced. Furthermore, in vivo occupancy at the human H4 gene immediate 5′ regulatory elements, as defined by genomic fingerprinting, showed copy number‐dependent protein/DNA interactions. Hence, human and mouse H4 genes compete for titratable transcription factors in a cellular environment. Taken together, these results indicate cross‐species compatibility and suggest limited representation in vivo of the factors involved in regulating histone H4 gene transcription.
A REVIEW ON DATA COMPRESSION USING STEGANOGRAPHY

This paper presents a review of steganography and various steganography techniques used for data compression. The purpose is to have a deep study of various steganographic techniques used for data compression. The main objective is to find out a technique, which can hide a large amount of data. To fulfil the purpose, various researches and projects done earlier are taken into consideration.
Preclinical Characterization of GLPG0634, a Selective Inhibitor of JAK1, for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases

The JAKs receive continued interest as therapeutic targets for autoimmune, inflammatory, and oncological diseases. JAKs play critical roles in the development and biology of the hematopoietic system, as evidenced by mouse and human genetics. JAK1 is critical for the signal transduction of many type I and type II inflammatory cytokine receptors. In a search for JAK small molecule inhibitors, GLPG0634 was identified as a lead compound belonging to a novel class of JAK inhibitors. It displayed a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor profile in biochemical assays, but subsequent studies in cellular and whole blood assays revealed a selectivity of ∼30-fold for JAK1- over JAK2-dependent signaling. GLPG0634 dose-dependently inhibited Th1 and Th2 differentiation and to a lesser extent the differentiation of Th17 cells in vitro. GLPG0634 was well exposed in rodents upon oral dosing, and exposure levels correlated with repression of Mx2 expression in leukocytes. Oral dosing of GLPG0634 in a therapeutic set-up in a collagen-induced arthritis model in rodents resulted in a significant dose-dependent reduction of the disease progression. Paw swelling, bone and cartilage degradation, and levels of inflammatory cytokines were reduced by GLPG0634 treatment. Efficacy of GLPG0634 in the collagen-induced arthritis models was comparable to the results obtained with etanercept. In conclusion, the JAK1 selective inhibitor GLPG0634 is a promising novel therapeutic with potential for oral treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and possibly other immune-inflammatory diseases.
Performance analysis of OFDMA receiver with common carrier frequency offset (CCFO)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a popular technique used to mitigate the multipath effects and to achieve better data rate in wireless transmission. These OFDM systems become more beneficial when they are extended to enable multiple access wireless multimedia communication. In this paper the effect of carrier frequency offset (CFO) on the OFDM systems and OFDM multiple access (OFDMA) systems are discussed. The performance of the OFDM systems degrades with frequency offset and phase offset. The OFDM multiple access (OFDMA) technology allots groups of the OFDM subcarriers allocated to different users for transmission. The interference effects of the individual subcarriers with the neighboring subcarriers termed as Multiuser Interference (MUI) which also contributes to the system degradation is also analyzed.
Assessing Dietary Intake in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Food Frequency Questionnaire Versus 24-Hour Diet Recalls

ABSTRACT Cancer diagnosis and treatment may influence dietary intake. The validity of using self-reported methods to quantify dietary intake has not been evaluated in childhood cancer survivors. We validated total energy intake (EI) reported from Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and repeated 24-hour diet recalls (24HRs) against total energy expenditure (TEE) measured using the doubly labeled water method in 16 childhood cancer survivors. Dietary underreporting, assessed by (EI−TEE)/TEE × 100%, was 22% for FFQ and 1% for repeated 24HRs. FFQ significantly underestimates dietary intake and should not be used to assess the absolute intake of foods and nutrients in childhood cancer survivors.
Health professionals' attitudes toward older people and older patients: A systematic review

Attitudes toward older people and older patients among healthcare professionals are of concern throughout the world, but there are no recent systematic reviews which have examined and compared the attitudes across the various healthcare professionals who provide healthcare to older people. A comprehensive literature search (2000–2011) was undertaken on electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, British Nursing Index, PsycINFO, Chinese Biomedical database, China Medical Academic Conference and China Academic Journal) using a combination of terms. We identified 2179 articles indexed with these terms. Initial screening was undertaken by two researchers and then checked by a third researcher. In total, the reviewers selected 117 articles which, on the basis of their abstracts, appeared to meet the criteria for inclusion. We obtained the full texts and two reviewers assessed each full text paper to further examine whether it met all the criteria. The final review identified 51 studies. Publications over the last 10 years show that attitudes towards older people and older patients range from neutral to positive among healthcare professionals and highlight the need for well-designed studies of both qualified and student healthcare professionals recruiting random samples across multiple sites and utilizing validated instruments consistently to permit comparison over time and across countries.
Replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages is accompanied by phagosomal permeabilization and accumulation of vesicles containing polysaccharide in the cytoplasm

Cryptococcus neoformans (CN), an encapsulated, ubiquitous environmental yeast, is pathogenic for humans, primarily those with compromised immune function. CN is believed to be a facultative intracellular pathogen. Time-lapsed video microscopy revealed that yeast began to replicate and divide 2 hours after ingestion by J774.16 macrophage cells, with the average cell hosting 10–40 organisms of varying morphologies before ultimately lysing and releasing organisms, either singly or in clumps. Intracellular growth was accompanied by the accumulation of polysaccharide-filled vesicles in the macrophage. Studies with fluorescently labeled dextran revealed that the phagolysosomal compartment became leaky during the course of intracellular infection. Consistent with this observation, phagosomes containing CN had an increased pH relative to similar phagosomes containing inert magnetic beads, as indicated by a colorimetric change in the pH-sensitive Lysosensor dye. Immunocytochemistry revealed differences in the reactivity of polysaccharide elaborated by CN inside macrophages relative to that expressed in vitro. Taken together these results are suggestive of a novel mechanism of intracellular survival by an encapsulated organism, whereby ingestion is followed by damage to the phagosomal membrane resulting in continuity with the cytoplasm, accumulation of polysaccharide-containing vesicles, and possibly, production of a structurally different polysaccharide.