Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis of Multiscale Problems - Volume 83

The 91st London Mathematical Society Durham Symposium took place from July 5th to 15th 2010, with more than 100 international participants attending. The Symposium focused on Numerical Analysis of Multiscale Problems and this book contains 10 invited articles from some of the meeting's key speakers, covering a range of topics of contemporary interest in this area. Articles cover the analysis of forward and inverse PDE problems in heterogeneous media, high-frequency wave propagation, atomistic-continuum modeling and high-dimensional problems arising in modeling uncertainty. Novel upscaling and preconditioning techniques, as well as applications to turbulent multi-phase flow, and to problems of current interest in materials science are all addressed. As such this book presents the current state-of-the-art in the numerical analysis of multiscale problems and will be of interest to both practitioners and mathematicians working in those fields.
Quantitative Space Form Rigidity Under Lower Ricci Curvature Bound

Let $M$ be a compact $n$-manifold of $\operatorname{Ric}_M\ge (n-1)H$ ($H$ is a constant). We are concerned with the following space form rigidity: $M$ is isometric to a space form of constant curvature $H$ under either of the following conditions: (i) There is $\rho>0$ such that for any $x\in M$, the open $\rho$-ball at $x^*$ in the Riemannian universal covering space, $(\widetilde{B_\rho(x)},x^*)\to (B_\rho(x),x)$, has the maximal volume i.e., the volume of a $\rho$-ball in the simply connected $n$-space form of curvature $H$. (ii) For $H=-1$, the volume entropy of $M$ is maximal i.e. $n-1$ ([LW1]). The main results of this paper are quantitative space form rigidity i.e., statements that $M$ is diffeomorphic and close in the Gromov-Hausdorff topology to a space form of constant curvature $H$, if $M$ almost satisfies, under some additional condition, the above maximal volume condition. For $H=1$, the quantitative spherical space form rigidity improves and generalizes the diffeomorphic sphere theorem in [CC2].
An Android Malware Detection Framework-based on Permissions and Intents

With an exponential growth in smartphone applications targeting useful services such as banks, healthcare, m-commerce, security has become a primary concern. The applications downloaded from unofficial sources pose a security threat as they lack mechanisms for validation of the applications. The malware infected applications may lead to several threats such as leaking user’s private information, enforcing malicious deductions for sending premium SMS, getting root privilege of the android system and so on. Existing anti-viruses depend on signature databases that need to be updated from time to time and are unable to detect zero-day malware. The Android Operating system allows inter-application communication through the use of component reuse by using intents. Unfortunately, message passing is also an application attack surface. A hybrid method for android malware detection by analysing the permissions and intent-filters of the manifest files of the applications is presented. A malware detection framework is developed based on machine learning algorithms and on the basis of the decision tree obtained from ID3 and J48 classifiers available in WEKA. Both algorithms gave same results with an error percentage of 6 per cent. The system improves detection of zero day malware.
A 270-GHz CMOS Triple-Push Ring Oscillator With a Coupled-Line Matching Network

A design procedure is proposed for triple-push ring oscillators, and an oscillator employing a coupled line-matching network is developed following the procedure. This stepwise procedure, which uses power-dependent Z-parameters of transistors, is applied to the design of each amplifier stage constituting a ring oscillator based on its steady-state oscillation condition. It is verified with both L-section and T-section topologies assumed for the load of the amplifier stages of a given triple-push ring oscillator, and the differences between the two topologies are compared. Based on the procedure, a 270 GHz triple-push ring oscillator that employs coupled lines for matching networks has been developed in a 65-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. The circuit benefits from the advantages of coupled lines such as compact area and simplified layout. The fabricated oscillator exhibits a measured oscillation frequency of around 270 GHz and output power of –10.9 dBm, with phase noise of –96 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset.
Automated Conversion of Structured Fortran 77 Ccode Into Object-Oriented C++ Code

The maintenance of legacy software systems that were developed using a procedural design approach is becoming increasingly expensive. The procedural approach is often ill suited for complex systems that need to integrate with other codes. Furthermore, these legacy systems are usually written in FORTRAN, for which there is increasingly less personnel available compared to, say, C++. While it would be desirable to convert these legacy systems into object-oriented codes described in C++, such a conversion process is nontrivial. Currently, the structural design must be manually examined, interpreted, and converted into an object-oriented design described in an object-oriented language. Therefore, the conversion process is likely to introduce numerous new inconsistencies and errors, which degrades the software’s quality and increases its costs. The preferred solution would be to automate this conversion process. Automation would promote consistency by eliminating the manual variations in interpretation and implementation. It would therefore maximize the likelihood that the converted code does not introduce new errors relative to the original code. The work presented here automates the conversion process from procedural design described in the FORTRAN77 language into object-oriented design described in the C++ language. It demonstrates the extraction of object-oriented elements using FORTRAN common block structures and FORTRAN subroutine and function-calling hierarchies. The result is a consistent, first-cut converted design, which enhances
Toward Efficient 3-D Colored Mapping in GPS-/GNSS-Denied Environments

Efficient 3-D mapping provides useful and detailed 3-D data for many applications. In this letter, we present a multisensor calibration and mapping method, to provide highly efficient and relatively accurate colored mapping for GPS-/global navigation satellite system-denied environments. The sensor data include 3-D laser scanning point clouds and camera images. A simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)-assisted calibration method is first proposed for multiple multibeam light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and multiple camera calibration. An improved SLAM method with loop closure is proposed for 3-D mapping. With the proposed calibration and mapping methods, centimeter-level colored point clouds can be obtained efficiently. The proposed method was tested with both backpacked and car-mounted systems on indoor and outdoor scenes. Experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed calibration and mapping methods.
$SL(2, Z)$ invariant rotating $(m,n)$ strings in $AdS_3\times S^3$ with mixed flux

We study rigidly rotating and pulsating $(m,n)$ strings in $AdS_3 \times S^3$ with mixed three form flux. The $AdS_3 \times S^3$ background with mixed three form flux is obtained in the near horizon limit of $SL(2,Z)$-transformed solution, corresponding to the bound state of NS5-branes and fundamental strings. We study the probe $(m,n)-$string in this background by solving the manifest $SL(2,Z)-$covariant form of the action. We find out the dyonic giant magnon and single spike solutions corresponding to the equations of motion of a probe string in this background and find out various relationships among the conserved charges. We further study a class of pulsating $(m,n)$ string in $AdS_3$ with mixed three form flux.
Machine Learning Techniques Used in Detection of DOS Attacks: A Literature Review

Due to increasing complexity of systems, it is easier to compromise computer systems. Thus in order to detect attacks, Intrusion Detection Systems / Intrusion Prevention Systems is employed. Intrusion Detection Systems / Intrusion Prevention Systems is the most basic way to protect the network. IDS/IPS systems follow two different approaches on how to detect intruders: signature-based or anomaly-based detection. A signature-based IDS monitors packets on a specified network and then compares these packets against a set of signatures from known malicious threats. The anomaly-based detection technique centres on the concept of a baseline for network behaviour. Baseline can be considered as description of the type of network behaviour that can be accepted or is normal, any deviation from this baseline is considered as an anomaly. Therefore Anomaly based Intrusion detection uses machine learning techniques to detect whether a packet is intrusive or non-intrusive. The focal point of our study is to provide a systematic review of machine learning techniques used in dos attack detection.
Survey of compressed sensing

The presence of compressed sensing theory makes the sample rate relate to the signal structure and content.The sample rate of compressed sensing for the signal sample,coding and reconstruction is less than the Nyquist theorem methods.Therefore,a method is proposed to solve the bottleneck problem of data redundancy and resource-wasting.Moreover,it offers new developing chances for other research fields.The development and current situation of compressed sensing theory are involved.A detailed carding and research on the sparse representation,measurement matrix design,reconstruction algorithm and application aspects is discussed.Therefore,the current hot spots and difficulties are analyzed and discussed.Finally,the direction of future development and application prospect are discussed.
Evolution and intelligent design.

This paper discusses two sources of ideas that influence monetary policy makers today. The first is a set of analytical results that impose the rational expectations equilibrium concept and do ‘intelligent design’ by solving Ramsey and mechanism design problems. The second is a long trial and error learning process that first taught us how to to anchor the price level with a gold standard, then how to replace the gold standard with a fiat currency system wanting nominal anchors. Models of out-of-equilibrium learning tell us that such an evolutionary process will converge to a self-confirming equilibrium (SCE). In an SCE, a government’s probability model is correct about events that occur under the prevailing government policy, but possibly wrong about the consequences of other policies. That leaves room for more mistakes and useful experiments than exist in a rational expectations equilibrium.
Social Influence Analysis for Micro-Blog User Based on User Behavior

Recently,social influence analysis is an emerging topic in the research area of online social networks.As micro-blog becomes a mass media of vital importance,better analysis and measurements of the micro-blogging users' social influence are paid more and more attention. Based on a large scale dataset collected from weibo.com,the relationship between user behavior factors are analyzed together with the diffusion of social influence on micro-blogging environment.A learning-based method is then proposed for analyzing and measuring users' social influence via predicting users' capability of propagating information.Both information extracted from social network structures and user behavior factors are combined in the method to gain a better estimation. Experimental results based on the large scale data set show effectiveness of the proposed method.
Electromagnetic modeling of a reconfigurable graphene-based metasurface using MoM-GEC method for 3D digital holography

ABSTRACT Viewing the trend of beam shaping, beam steering, and metasurface holograms, a reconfigurable graphene-based metasurface is proposed and modeled using the method of moments combined with the generalized equivalent circuit (MoM-GEC) approach. The scattering state of each individual unit cell of the metasurface can be controlled by applying different biased voltages into the graphene antennas. In fact, the complex surface conductivity of graphene is introduced in our mathematical formulation in order to tune the magnitude and phase of the local reflection coefficient. Benefitting from this scalability, our graphene-based metasurface will regenerate a 3D medical hologram. The proposed approach is validated and paves the way for the generation a 3D digital holograms. There are several important areas where this study makes an original contribution such as medical imaging 3D displays.
Towards a Statistical Mechanics of Cities

Abstract Cities are some of the most complex dynamical systems in human societies and in nature. There is growing interest in producing more comprehensive quantitative theory, capable of describing many of the features now observable in urban environments, especially those that show empirical regularities across cities of different sizes, geographies, and levels of development. The principal challenge of achieving such a goal is our ability to build frameworks that include realistic but simple accounts of agents' choices and strategic behavior, beyond current approaches in statistical physics or economics. Here, I propose a general framework that integrates agents' behavior with their resource and information management towards seizing opportunities in their environment. I show how this approach integrates urban scaling theory with a statistical mechanics of open-ended (economic) growth. The framework is general and, with appropriate modifications and elaborations, can account for the statistical dynamics of other complex systems.
Exact group sequential designs for two-arm experiments with Poisson distributed outcome variables

Abstract We describe and compare two methods for the group sequential design of two-arm experiments with Poisson distributed data, which are based on a normal approximation and exact calculations respectively. A framework to determine near-optimal stopping boundaries is also presented. Using this framework, for a considered example, we demonstrate that a group sequential design could reduce the expected sample size under the null hypothesis by as much as 44% compared to a fixed sample approach. We conclude with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the two presented procedures.
Near Optimum User Selection for Minimum Mean Square Error Based Tomlinson Harashima Precoding

This paper proposes novel user selection techniques for the Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. These techniques utilize a part of the intermediate values in the derivation of the THP weight, which makes it possible to implement the techniques with lower computational complexity. For further complexity reduction, we propose successive user selection techniques based on the techniques proposed above where user terminals are selected one by one. It is confirmed by computer simulations that the proposed techniques outperform conventional selection techniques. The computational complexity of the successive selection techniques is about 1/20 as small as that of the original selection techniques when 4 user terminals are selected out of 10 terminals.
Large-scale secondary polarization of the cosmic microwave background

We present two examples of secondary effects on the large-scale polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We begin with a review of the standard model of cosmology, as well as the predictions of bulk flows by the linear theory of structure growth and the mathematical formalism of polarization. Following this review, we explore the impact of the epoch of reionization on the large-scale polarization of the CMB, paying particular attention to the effects of an alternate reionization history containing dark stars. Subsequently, we derive the CMB polarization signature of large-scale bulk flows and examine its potential for detection by future experiments. %%%%Nous presentons deux exemples d'effets secondaires sur la polarisation du fond diffus cosmologique (CMB) a grande echelle. Nous debutons avec une revue du modele standard de la cosmologie, une prediction des mouvements d'ensemble des amas de galaxies par la theorie de la croissance lineaire des structures ainsi qu'une presentation du formalisme mathematique de la polarisation. Suivant cette revue, nous etudions l'impact de l'epoque de reionisation sur la polarisation a grande echelle du CMB, en se concentrant sur les effets d'un modele alternatif de reionisation incluant des etoiles sombres. Ensuite, nous derivons la signature en polarisation dans le CMB engendree par un mouvement d'ensemble a grande echelle et examinons la mesurabilite de ce signal par des experiences futures.
$F$-factors in hypergraphs via absorption

Given integers $ n \ge k >l \ge 1 $ and a $k$-graph $F$ with $|V(F)|$ divisible by $n$, define $t_l^k(n,F)$ to be the smallest integer $d$ such that every $k$-graph $H$ of order $n$ with minimum $l$-degree $\delta_l(H) \ge d $ contains an $F$-factor. A classical theorem of Hajnal and Szemer\'{e}di implies that $t^2_1(n,K_t) = (1-1/t)n$ for integers $t$. For $k \ge 3$, $t^k_{k-1}(n,K_k^k)$ (the $\delta_{k-1}(H)$ threshold for perfect matchings) has been determined by K\"{u}hn and Osthus (asymptotically) and R\"{o}dl, Ruci\'{n}ski and Szemer\'{e}di (exactly) for large $n$. In this paper, we generalise the absorption technique of R\"{o}dl, Ruci\'{n}ski and Szemer\'{e}di to $F$-factors. We determine the asymptotic values of $t^k_1(n,K_k^k(m))$ for $k = 3,4$ and $m \ge 1$. In addition, we show that for $t>k = 3$ and $\gamma >0$, $ t^3_{2}(n,K_t^3) \le (1- \frac{2}{t^2-3t+4} + \gamma) n$ provided $n$ is large and $t | n$. We also bound $t^3_{2}(n,K_t^3)$ from below. In particular, we deduce that $t^3_2(n,K_4^3) = (3/4+o(1))n$ answering a question of Pikhurko. In addition, we prove that $t^k_{k-1}(n,K_t^k) \le (1- \binom{t-1}{k-1}^{-1} + \gamma)n$ for $\gamma >0$, $k \ge 6$ and $t \ge (3+ \sqrt5)k/2$ provided $n$ is large and $t | n$.
Penentuan Harga Opsi Call Eropa Dengan Menggunakan Transformasi Fast Fourier (studi Kasus Saham Fireeye.inc)

Abstrak Algoritma Transformasi Fast Fourier merupakan salah satu kemajuan yang paling mendasar dalam bidang komputasi ilmiah. Dalam bidang financial, misalnya dalam menentukan harga opsi, beberapa kajian berhasil menerapkan Transformasi Fourier. Dalam Tugas Akhir ini, akan digambarkan sebuah pendekatan untuk menghitung harga opsi yang dirancang agar dapat memanfaatkan kekuatan komputasi Transformasi Fast Fourier, yang selanjutnya akan dibandingkan dengan perhitungan menggunakan Black-Scholes. Model harga saham yang digunakan adalah Variance Gamma yang akan dikembangkan dengan menerapkan Transformasi Fourier, kemudian menggunakan Transformasi Fast Fourier untuk menentukan harga opsi. Dari hasil pengujian, waktu proses penentuan harga opsi dengan menggunakan Transformasi Fast Fourier terbukti lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan menggunakan Black-Scholes. Sedangkan untuk harga opsi yang diperoleh, metode Transformasi Fast Fourier memiliki selisih yang kecil dengan metode Black-Scholes. Kata kunci : Opsi, Transformasi Fast Fourier, Transformasi Fourier, Variance Gamma, Black-Scholes
CMB constraints on light dark matter candidates

Unveiling the nature of cosmic dark matter is an urgent issue in cosmology. Here we make use of a strategy based on the search for the imprints left on the CMB temperature and polarization spectra by the energy deposition due to annihilations of the most promising dark matter candidate, a stable WIMP of mass 1-20 GeV. A major improvement with respect to previous similar studies is a detailed treatment of the annihilation cascade and its energy deposition in the cosmic gas. This is vital as this quantity is degenerate with the annihilation cross-section . The strongest constraints are obtained from Monte Carlo Markov Chains analysis of the combined WMAP7 and SPT datasets up to lmax = 3100. If annihilation occurs via the e+e- channel, a light WIMP can be excluded at 2-{\sigma} c.l. as a viable DM candidate in the above mass range. However, if annihilation occurs via {\mu}+{\mu}- or {\tau}+{\tau}- channels instead we find that WIMPs with mass > 5 GeV might represent a viable cosmological DM candidate. We compare the results obtained in the present work with those obtained adopting an analytical simplified model for the energy deposition process widely used in literature, and we found that realistic energy deposition descriptions can influence the resulting constrains up to 60%.
Validation, Testing and Sensitivity Analysis of Binary Logistic Regression Model for Predicting the Performance of Engineering Students

A binary logistic regression (BLR) model was developed to predict the performance of engineering students in university examination. This model shows the mathematical relationship between influencing factors and the performance of engineering students in university examination. Pass/fail result in university examination is taken as performance measure, and personal, pre-admission, institutional and self-learning factors as influencing factors. This BLR model was validated by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and tested by using newly collected samples. The accuracy of the model was found as 80.95 % which showed a good accuracy for such type of models. The optimum values of each influencing factors were also calculated as 4.01, 3.16, 4.12 and 4.04 for personal, pre-admission, institutional and self-learning factors respectively. In sensitivity analysis, it is observed that personal factors are most sensitive followed by institutional factors whereas pre-admission factors are less sensitive than self-learning factors. This study will help the engineering students to improve their performance in university examination by predicting their probability of passing in advance.
The L2 acquisiton of the Chinese Bèi-construction

This paper reports our study of acquisition of the bei-construction by English speakers.The Chinese passive bei-construction is subject to a strict semantic restriction: the predicate must be telic. English passive requires no such constraint. We analyzed both production data and comprehension data and found that 1) English speakers had a strong sensitivity to the telic-atelic distinction, which could be explained as a developmental tendency in language acquisition by the Aspect Hypothesis; 2) L1 English has certain effect. Some most frequently used verbs in English passive are used wrongly in the production data;and 3) the learners had difficulty in selection of proper delimiting elements to their bei-sentences. The findings have direct implications for the improvement of teaching the bei-structure.
Improved Chicken Swarm Optimization Algorithm to Solve the Travelling Salesman Problem

This paper proposes a novel discrete bio-inspired chicken swarm optimization algorithm (CSO) to solve the problem of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) which is one of the most known problems used to evaluate the performance of the new metaheuristics. This problem is solved by applying a local search method 2-opt in order to improve the quality of the solutions. The DCSO as a swarm system of the algorithm increases the level of diversification, in the same way the hierarchical order of the chicken swarm and the behaviors of chickens increase the level of intensification. In this contribution, we redefined the basic different operators and operations of the CSO algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is tested on a symmetric TSP benchmark dataset from TSPLIB library. Therefore, the algorithm provides good results in terms of both optimization accuracy and robustness comparing to other metaheuristics.