Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Valuation of the Renewal of Urban Streets: A Choice Experiment

Examination of users’ preferences and needs can provide an additional and strong basis for decision making, which is applicable in the case of urban street renewal. In this study, a choice experiment on street renewal plans in Shanghai was conducted using an online survey (N = 546), and people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for a set of street attributes was estimated, including bicycle lane separation, pedestrian path width, green looking ratio and recreational and commercial amenities. By comparing WTPs, the results show that people had greater preferences for adding resting facilities than any other attributes in this scene, and they also give some examples of prices of street attributes in a street renewal scene. The gender, age and occupation of participants had a significant effect on WTPs. Females showed greater WTP for setting separate bicycle lanes and improving greening and amenities, and the age of street users had a positive effect on WTP through the payment for street renewal. The reasoning section of the survey indicated the concern on the cost–benefit ratio, the need to renew and overall impression when choosing, and only a few participants were unwilling to pay anything for street improvement. This kind of economic valuation can estimate the values that people place on street attributes that are otherwise not measurable in design and planning practice; it can help us understand public preferences for street renewal and support decision making.
Reconciling the Potentially Irreconcilable? Genotypic and Phenotypic Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Resistance in Escherichia coli

Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, a widely used beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotic, is rising globally, and yet susceptibility testing remains challenging. To test whether whole-genome sequencing (WGS) could provide a more reliable assessment of susceptibility than traditional methods, we predicted resistance from WGS for 976 Escherichia coli bloodstream infection isolates from Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, comparing against phenotypes from the BD Phoenix (calibrated against EUCAST guidelines). ABSTRACT Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, a widely used beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotic, is rising globally, and yet susceptibility testing remains challenging. To test whether whole-genome sequencing (WGS) could provide a more reliable assessment of susceptibility than traditional methods, we predicted resistance from WGS for 976 Escherichia coli bloodstream infection isolates from Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, comparing against phenotypes from the BD Phoenix (calibrated against EUCAST guidelines). A total of 339/976 (35%) isolates were amoxicillin-clavulanate resistant. Predictions based solely on beta-lactamase presence/absence performed poorly (sensitivity, 23% [78/339]) but improved when genetic features associated with penicillinase hyperproduction (e.g., promoter mutations and copy number estimates) were considered (sensitivity, 82% [277/339]; P < 0.0001). Most discrepancies occurred in isolates with MICs within ±1 doubling dilution of the breakpoint. We investigated two potential causes: the phenotypic reference and the binary resistant/susceptible classification. We performed reference standard, replicated phenotyping in a random stratified subsample of 261/976 (27%) isolates using agar dilution, following both EUCAST and CLSI guidelines, which use different clavulanate concentrations. As well as disagreeing with each other, neither agar dilution phenotype aligned perfectly with genetic features. A random-effects model investigating associations between genetic features and MICs showed that some genetic features had small, variable and additive effects, resulting in variable resistance classification. Using model fixed-effects to predict MICs for the non-agar dilution isolates, predicted MICs were in essential agreement (±1 doubling dilution) with observed (BD Phoenix) MICs for 691/715 (97%) isolates. This suggests amoxicillin-clavulanate resistance in E. coli is quantitative, rather than qualitative, explaining the poorly reproducible binary (resistant/susceptible) phenotypes and suboptimal concordance between different phenotypic methods and with WGS-based predictions.
Business cycles and trends in Germany and Portugal: macroeconomic policy implications in the Euro Area

ABSTRACT We describe the neoclassical view of the business cycle by European Institutions in the Euro Area, and derive the stylized facts of business cycles and trends for Germany and Portugal in the period 1991–2018. The data are extracted from the European Commission’s AMECO database. To separate cycle and trend, we use the decomposition available in the AMECO database for the output, and the Hodrick-Prescott filter for the other variables. The results show that the amplitude of the business cycle and persistence of shocks are greater in Portugal than in Germany. They also show that the stylized facts of the business cycles of the two economies are quite different. Moreover, common shocks have asymmetric consequences. In the long run, there has been a convergence of inflation, general government structural balances, and real unit labour costs, but general government consolidated gross debt, fixed investment, and per capita potential GDP have been increasingly diverging, despite the behaviour of real wages and net exports in the two countries. Additionally, temporary shocks have permanent effects on the Portuguese economy. The results raise questions about the place-neutral macroeconomic policy enforced by the European institutions in the Euro Area, particularly in what concerns cohesion Member States.
Bringing Interactional Identities into the Study of Classroom Interaction in ELT Education

This theoretical-review paper presents the construct of interactional identities as part of the study of classroom interaction in English language teaching education. The paper defines interactional identities from social studies and in the field of English language teaching. By listing studies on the matter, the relationship of this construct with classroom interaction is presented from global and local perspectives. Three reasons for studying interactional identities in the ELT field are discussed in the final part of the paper whose conclusions invite to incorporate this construct into de study of what teachers are and do for language learning and use in classroom interaction in English language teaching education.
Measuring the impact of the built environment on pedestrians in the old Bhubaneswar precinct

ABSTRACT The old Bhubaneswar precinct is a prime religious and heritage site in India, which attracts millions of pilgrims and other travellers every year. This paper measures pedestrians’ mobility experiences and the influence of different factors in this heritage precinct. Five hundred respondents were interviewed to rate various factors of the built heritage environment using a five-point Likert scale. The data were examined through confirmatory factor analysis, and K means cluster analysis, which established that only one-third of the total pedestrians have positive mobility experiences, and pedestrians are least satisfied with comfort followed by safety factors at this site.
Los japonesismos de la vestimenta en el español actual

En el inventario de japonesismos usados en el espanol actual, las voces de origen japones relacionadas con la vestimenta constituyen la septima mayor area referencial –posicion que comparten con los japonesismos relativos a la vivienda-mobiliario y a lo religioso-filosofico– (4 voces de un total de 92 items). En el presente articulo se intenta, por primera vez en la lengua espanola, llevar a cabo un estudio exhaustivo de los japonesismos de la vestimenta, atendiendo a diferentes parametros linguisticos (formal, semantico e historico), ademas de indicar su grado de adaptacion al inventario lexico del espanol.
Cluster Analysis of Myelin Nerve Fibers of the Periferal Nerve

One of the unsolved issues in neuromorphology is the classification of myelin nerve fibers (MNF). Objective: to use cluster analysis to classify the sciatic nerve MNF. Material and methods. The work was performed using 5 one-year-old male Wistar rats. Semi-thin sections were stained with methylene blue. MNF morphometry was performed using ImageJ, and statistical processing – using the software environment R. Results of the study. Ward’s and k-means methods were used to cluster the MNF. Three clusters of MNFs are defined and their parameters are determined. The presented algorithm for adapting the literature data to the format of the obtained results includes determining the total average for the combined set of each indicator and the total variance, which is the sum of intragroup and intergroup variances. Conclusions: 1) for the classification of MNF it is advisable to use cluster analysis; 2) clustering should be performed according to the transsection areas of the axial cylinder and myelin sheath; 3) the number of clusters is determined by the agglomerative method of Ward, and their metrics – by the iterative method of k-means; 4) three clusters of MNF of the rat sciatic nerve differ in the transsection areas of the fibers, the axial cylinder and the myelin sheath and the percentage of nerve fibers; 5) when comparing identical indicators according to the obtained and literature data, the results were equivalent in the areas of the axial cylinder and myelin sheath and their shape coefficients, despite the fact that the classification of myelin fibers and their morphometry was performed using different methods.
Information quality focused value stream mapping for the coordination and control of production processes

Manufacturing companies become more and more dependent on reliable information from the shop floor. This information represents the current state of the shop floor and is often the basis for control decisions. By relying on this information, the quality of the information becomes a crucial factor, as it may decisively influence the result of the control decision. To ensure sufficient information quality, a six-staged method, called ‘Information Quality focused Value Stream Mapping for the Control of Production Processes', is introduced in this paper. It is based on the value stream mapping (VSM) and extends parts of the value stream analysis (VSA) to capture relevant information needed within the value stream design (VSD). Furthermore, the method extends the VSD to select and develop methods for the coordination and control of the production processes and to harmonise the necessary information flows for coordination and control. The application of the method and the relevance of harmonising information quality is illustrated by an industrial application at an automotive supplier.
ANALYSIS OF THE GENESIS AND FORMATION OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE

The philosophy of language is the important research area of the philosophy, which identifies the fundamental role of the language and speech in the cognition and the structures of the consciousness and knowledge. The philosophy of the language is one of the central areas of the research in modern western philosophy, which focuses on the concept of the language as the key of understanding the knowledge. The predecessors of the philosophical and linguistic direction were Aristotle (the treatise “Categories”), I. Kant (the development of the categories of the mind), J.J. Rousseau (ideas about the origin of writing), J. Mill (contribution to the theory of the reference), V. Humboldt, and others. The transition from the philosophical classics to the period of the philosophy of the language is associated with the change in the object of research: instead of “ideas” came linguistic entities “sentences” and “terms”. The cognizing subject often shifts to the periphery of the cognitive process or eliminated altogether. At the same time, the so-called “linguistic turn” is characteristic of an extremely wide range of the modern lines of the philosophy development, including phenomenology and hermeneutics, structuralism and post structuralism. Modern philosophy considers it problematic in the principle to distract from the linguistic aspect of the philosophical problems.
Comprehensive characterization of the human proteome by multi-omic analyses

Global and quantitative analysis of human proteome in different human tissues will provide valuable insights into human biology and disease. In this work, deep proteomes of 29 healthy human tissues were generated using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Integrated analysis with matched transcriptomes revealed unprecedented insights into proteome complexity, relationship between protein and mRNA levels, and protein expression regulation. In addition, proteogemomic analysis were conducted to discover protein evidence of novel protein coding regions and genetic variants.
Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis: Dampak Model Pembelajaran SiMaYang dan Concept Map Pada Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Jaringan Pada Tumbuhan

Background: Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu aspek penting bagi peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal ini dikarenakan penggunaan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang tepat akan membantu peserta didik dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran SiMaYang berbantuan concept map terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi struktur dan fungsi jaringan. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Adapun data diambil dengan menggunakan teknik tes, yaitu data tentang keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Instrumen tes tersebut berupa soal uraian (essay) yang dikembangkan berdasarkan indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis. Adapun analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji-t Independent. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa nilai = 5.94 sedangkan = 1.67 sehingga . Kesimpulan: Hal ini menunjukan Ho ditolak, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pengaruh model pembelajaran SiMaYang berbantuan concept map terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi struktur dan fungsi jaringan
Thermal Regimes of Perennial Rivers and Streams in the Western United States

Thermal regimes of rivers and streams profoundly affect aquatic ecosystems, but are poorly described and classified in many areas due to the limited availability of annual datasets from extensive and representative monitoring networks. By mining a new temperature database composed of >23,000 site records that spans the western United States (U.S.), we extract annual monitoring records at 578 sites on perennial streams to describe regimes in this diverse region. Records were summarized using 34 metrics that described regime aspects related to magnitude, variation, frequency, duration, and timing. The metrics were used in a multivariate cluster analysis to classify streams into seven distinct regime types and in a principal components analysis (PCA) to examine patterns of redundancy among metrics. The PCA indicated that 2–5 orthogonal PC axes accounted for 74%–89% of the variation in thermal regimes at the monitoring sites. Most of the variation in PC scores that defined the two dominant axes was in turn predictable from a suite of geospatial covariates in multiple linear regressions that included elevation, latitude, riparian canopy density, reach slope, precipitation, lake prevalence, and dam height. Our results have parallels to previous flow regime analyses that describe the utility of small numbers of PCs or allied metrics in regime characterization, and can be used to better understand and parsimoniously represent thermal regimes in the western U.S.
Threats posed by serious and organised crime for the safety and security of tourism in Poland.

The growing impact and relevance of safety and security in tourism can be discerned in the increasingly more substantial foreign and Polish academic literature on the subject. Based on the available publications and enhanced by the author’s individual reflections and tourist experiences, the paper attempts to outline a number of issues selected arbitrarily by the author. The goal of this paper is to attempt to define the various threats posed for the safety and security of tourism in Poland, and to look at the salient problems and dilemmas that may, in the nearest future, become the object of further research and enquiries. Being absorbed by the trip implies that tourists frequently fail to pay enough attention to the dangers that await them. Situations of this sort are, indeed, numerous: some are caused by the people themselves, and the origins of others need to be traced in nature. The role of tourism organisers and travel agencies, as well as tourists themselves, is to strive to make sure that trips made to get some sunshine, bathe in warm water sofexotic seas, and expeditions to the mountains do not turn into a nightmare (Mansfeld 2006). Each type of tourism has its unique specificity that goes with smaller or bigger chances of fortuitous events. It is not just the specific nature of the above types of tourism that can trigger a variety of fortuitous events, but also at the individual stages of consumption of a tourism product (Sanetra&Sanetra-Półgrabi 2018) situations can occur that are caused by factors related to tourist transport, and staying at a given rest spot. Admittedly, the essence of tourism rests on people’s travelling to destinations that pride themselves on outstanding tourist qualities, and that are located beyond the place where tourists reside on a permanent basis. This form of travelling constitutes the basic element of the consumption of tourism. This paper is the fruit of critical literature-based research, and desk research conducted on the subject matter at hand.
The Influence of Corporate Governance on Enterprise Risk Management Implementation: A Study on Non-Financial Public Listed Companies in Malaysia

: Despite attention given to ERM, particularly after the global financial crisis, Malaysia is still lagging behind in ERM implementation. The development and application of ERM is rather limited in practice. Policymakers, regulators and academics identify the combination of weaknesses in governance structures and failures in risk management as the key causes of the financial crisis. Strength of business performance and growth, depend on both ERM and corporate governance. Hence, this study investigates the influence of corporate governance on enterprise risk management (ERM) implementation. The subject of investigation is non-financial public listed companies (PLCs) of high-risk sectors in Malaysia. The high-risk sectors are utility, energy, and telecommunication and media. The dependent variable is ERM implementation proxy by ERM Score. The independent variable is corporate governance proxy by size of BOD, BOD independence, audit committee (AC) independence, AC financial education, size of risk committee (RC) and RC independence. Data are collected for 2016-2017 and analyze using regression analysis. The study finds size of BOD has positive significant relationship with ERM implementation. While, sector has significant negative relationship with ERM implementation. In the context of Malaysian PLCs of high-risk sectors, corporate governance influence ERM implementation. The size of the board is the significant driver “tone from the top” for ERM implementation. This conclusion leads to recommendations to regulators to emphasize the importance of board members’ roles and responsibilities in providing risk oversight. In addition, a policy on minimum and maximum number of board members need to be develop in order to ensure effective risk management oversight.
Effects of annual rainfall on dengue incidence in the Indian state of Rajasthan

Dengue has become a major public health problem in the last few decades with India contributing significantly to the overall disease burden. Most of the cases of Dengue from India are reported during Monsoon season. The vector population of dengue is affected by seasonal rainfall, temperature and humidity fluctuations. Rajasthan is northwestern state of India, which has shown several dengue outbreaks in the past. In this paper we have tried to analyze the effects of annual cumulative rainfall on Dengue incidence in one of the largest and severely affected states of India. Retrospective data for Dengue incidence and Rainfall for the state of Rajasthan was collected and Pearson’s coefficient correlation was calculated as a measure of association between the variables. Our results indicate that annual cumulative rainfall shows a strong positive correlation with dengue incidence in the state of Rajasthan. Such analyses have the potential to inform public health official about the control and preparedness for vector control during monsoon season. This is the first study from the Indian state of Rajasthan to assess the impact of annual rainfall on dengue incidence, which has seen several dengue outbreaks in the past.
Physiological and biochemical responses of elevated ozone on Pterocarpus indicus under well-watered and drought conditions

Abstract Seedlings of Pterocarpus indicus were grown in both well-watered and drought stress conditions in phytotron. Seedlings grown under well-watered and drought stress conditions were exposed to either combined or without ozone of 200 ppb for one month. First, the physiological responses to elevated ozone levels indicated a decreased biomass. The seedlings grown in arid soil and exposed to ozone showed less biomass than those grown in arid soil but not exposed to ozone. Moreover, all the seedlings except the well-watered and unexposed ones showed a significantly lower photosynthetic rate (PN) over time. However, with the accumulation of ozone injuries, the antioxidant enzyme activities increased overall. In the study results, when exposed to ozone, the well-watered seedlings exhibited more antioxidative enzyme activity than did the seedlings grown in arid soil. Generally, P. indicus in arid soil suffered less damage from elevated ozone than did the well-watered plants.
Toward improved methods in social media research.

Both academic and public interest in social media and their effects have increased dramatically over the last decade. In particular, a plethora of studies has been conducted aimed at uncovering the relationship between social media use and youth wellbeing, fueled by recent concerns that declines in youth wellbeing may well be caused by a rise in digital technology use. However, reviews of the field strongly suggest that the picture may not be as clear-cut as previously thought, with some studies suggesting positive effects and some suggesting negative effects on youth wellbeing. To shed light on this ambiguity, we have conducted a narrative review of 94 social media use and wellbeing studies. A number of patterns in methodological practices in the field has now become apparent: self-report measures of general statistics around social media use dominate the field, which furthermore often falls short in terms of ecological validity and sufficient use of experimental designs that would enable causal inference. We then go on to discuss why such practices are problematic in some cases, and more importantly, which concrete improvements can be made for future studies that aim to investigate the relationship between social media use and wellbeing.