Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation und Aufbau eines analogen Reglers für eine hochdynamische Kraftquelle

Zusammenfassung: In dieser Diplomarbeit wird eine analoge Regelung fur eine elektrodynamische Kraftquelle mit besonderen Anforderungen an das dynamische Verhalten des geregelten Systems entwickelt. Die besonderen Anforderungen bestehen in der Darstellung sinusformiger Krafte zwischen 1 mN und 10 N in einem Frequenzbereich von 10 Hz bis 1 kHz. Dabei soll die Regelabweichung im Bereich zwischen 100 Hz und 400 Hz nicht groser als 1 mN sein. Fur die Entwicklung werden die zum System gehorenden Komponenten Kraftquelle, Verstarker, Kraftsensor und Messverstarker hinsichtlich ihres Ubertragungsverhaltens im Frequenzbereich charakterisiert. Diese Charakterisierung wird sowohl theoretisch anhand von Angaben der Hersteller, als auch messtechnisch uber Frequenzgangsmessungen durchgefuhrt. Im Rahmen der Charakterisierung erfolgt eine Modellbildung der einzelnen Komponenten. Verstarker, Kraftsensor und Messverstarker werden als Ubertragungsfunktionen im Laplacebereich modelliert. Die Kraftquelle wird als Vierpol mit komplexen, frequenzabhangigen Koeffizienten modelliert, um den Einfluss der Last zu berucksichtigen. Zusammen mit der vorgegebenen Lastimpedanz entsteht so ein vollstandiges Modell der Regelstrecke. Als Regler wird ein einstellbarer PID-Regler gewahlt. Eine Zustandsregelung mit Beobachter wird wegen des zu grosen Aufwandes verworfen. Unter Berucksichtigung des Streckenmodells und der vorgesehenen Lastimpedanz werden gunstige Reglerparameter erarbeitet. Dieser Regler wird entsprechend der Aufgabe als analoge Schaltung umgesetzt. In die Schaltung werden notwendige Zusatzfunktionen integriert. Eine in die Kraftquelle integrierbare Wegsensorik auf Basis einer IR-Reflexlichtschranke wird entworfen und realisiert. Diese hat die Aufgabe, die Kraftquelle vor mechanischer oder thermischer Uberlastung zu schutzen, wenn sie wegen fehlender oder zu geringer Gegenkraft gegen einen der mechanischen Anschlage fahrt. Ebenfalls integriert wird eine Steuerung des Reglers auf Basis von Standardlogik. Die Inbetriebnahme erfolgt unter Anwendung piezoelektrischer und resistiver Kraftsensoren. Im Rahmen der durch die Sensoren gegebenen Einschrankungen ist die Regelung stabil. Ein Ausblick auf die Anforderungen an einen geeigneten Sensor wird gegeben. Jedoch konnen die Anforderungen an die Dynamik wegen der Resonanzen der Kraftquelle auch mit einem idealen Sensor nicht erfullt werden. Moglichkeiten diese Einschrankung zu umgehen werden in Form von Anderungen an der Kraftquelle aufgezeigt.
Presynaptic dopaminergic deficits in Lesch-Nyhan disease.

BACKGROUND Lesch-Nyhan disease is a rare, devastating, X-linked recessive disorder of purine synthesis. Patients present with hyperuricemia, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and aggressive and self-injurious behavior. Although the genetic and biochemical abnormalities have been identified, the causes of the neuropsychiatric syndrome remain unclear. METHODS We used positron-emission tomography to measure presynaptic accumulation of fluorodopa F 18 tracer in the dopaminergic regions of the brains of 12 patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease (age, 10 to 20 years) and 15 healthy controls (age, 12 to 23). The results were expressed as ratios of specific to nonspecific radioactive counts. A low ratio indicates decreased dopa decarboxylase activity and dopamine storage. RESULTS The fluorodopa F 18 ratio was significantly lower in the putamen (31 percent of control values), caudate nucleus (39 percent), frontal cortex (44 percent), and ventral tegmental complex (substantia nigra and ventral tegmentum; 57 percent) in the patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease than in the controls. Uptake of the tracer was abnormally low even in the youngest patients tested, and there was no overlap in the values between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS Patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease have abnormally few dopaminergic nerve terminals and cell bodies. The abnormality involves all dopaminergic pathways and is not restricted to the basal ganglia. These dopaminergic deficits are pervasive and appear to be developmental in origin, which suggests that they contribute to the characteristic neuropsychiatric manifestations of the disease.
Novice threat model using SIEM system for threat assessment

Network security attacks are the major and very common problem being faced by the security researchers as well as the network users. Different solution and techniques as well as tools and technologies have been developed and tested for the complete provision of tight security of data over the network but still hundred percent securities is not assured by any tool or technology. SIEM is the latest security monitoring and evaluation tool which is alarm based and helps in figuring out the security threats over the network. This study is based on the evaluation of the performance of SIEM within a network in order to evaluate its efficiency and the frequency as well as types of the threats it can handle. The results are quite satisfactory as it even monitors those threats which are overlooked by the administrators and the analysts during their evaluation of the threats. This software is quite effective in handling the security issues over the network but requires further assessing its capabilities to make it more effective.
Interleukin‐7 receptor α (IL‐7Rα) deficiency: cellular and molecular bases. Analysis of clinical, immunological, and molecular features in 16 novel patients

Summary: Analysis of gene‐targeted mice and patients with severe combined immunodeficiency due to mutations of the α chain of the interleukin‐7 receptor (IL‐7Rα) has shown important differences between mice and humans in the role played by IL‐7 in lymphoid development. More recently, it has been shown that IL‐7Rα is also shared by the receptor for another cytokine, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). In this review, we discuss recent advances in IL‐7‐ and TSLP‐mediated signaling. We also report on the clinical and immunological features of 16 novel patients with IL‐7Rα deficiency and discuss the results of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Fabrication and characterization of screen printed stretchable carbon interconnects

Electronic devices that are deformable in arbitrary directions would open up a new generation of applications such as epidermal electronics, implantable electronics and soft robotics. It would not be feasible to fabricate them with conventional rigid materials. To make the electronics stretchable, one can miniaturize the functional units and link them by stretchable interconnects. In this paper, we report a method for fabrication and characterization of stretchable interconnects using deformable materials based on carbon ink and thermoplastic polyurethane. The static resistances of interconnects were on average 296 Ω/□, and half of the samples withstood single strain up to 108 % elongation. Fabricated samples survived a 1000 cycles strain test up to 40 % of stretching.
Reassessing the Poverty of the Stimulus

Existing research on how people learn language has significantly impacted the long-standing nature vs. nurture debate. Evidence for innate linguistic knowledge often derives from certain grammatical properties that are invariant across languages. A stronger motivation, however, draws from the lack of linguistic data displaying these properties in a child’s input, a phenomenon known as poverty of the stimulus. This case is often explained by a grammatical parameter : a single dimension of variation in a language’s grammar that gives rise to correlated grammatical properties. The notion of grammatical parameters has been used to explain how English speakers can learn the impossibility of a sentence like (1) (here, * is used to signify a sentence that is ungrammatical). (1) *The man who you think that saw me just arrived. Holmberg and Roberts [14] argue that examples with the structure in (1) are too infrequent in a child’s linguistic input to be useful to a child during learning. Grammatical parameters account for this issue, since a child could learn the impossibility of sentences like (1) by determining the other grammatical properties that hold in her language. In this paper, I investigate the extent to which the impossibility of sentences like (1) can be explained by a more superficial alternative. Perhaps children understand that a complementizer (like that) followed by a finite verb (like saw) is dispreferred in English, and consequently judge sentences containing sequences such as that saw as ungrammatical. I use statistical models to test whether such a hypothesis could hold and I find that such models are able to succeed in learning that-trace contexts on the basis of their input. This finding brings into question widely held assumptions about the unlearnability of linguistic structures from primary data. If an understanding of grammar is to be motivated by questions of learnability, then these questions must themselves be subjected to serious investigation.
RWJ 26629, a new potassium channel opener and vascular smooth muscle relaxant: a potential antihypertensive and antianginal agent.

The effects of trans-5,6-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-nitro-7-(2-oxopiperidin -1-yl)-7H- thieno[3,2-b]pyran (RWJ 26629) were compared with those of the standard potassium channel opener cromakalim and several standard calcium channel blockers. RWJ 26629 lowered the mean arterial blood pressure in conscious spontaneously hypertensive (ED30 = 10 micrograms/kg p.o. or 8 micrograms/kg i.v.) and renal hypertensive (15 micrograms/kg p.o.) rats, conscious renal hypertensive (ED20 = 4 micrograms/kg p.o.) and normotensive (ED20 = 5 micrograms/kg p.o. or 2 micrograms/kg i.v.) dogs and anesthetized rhesus monkeys (ED20 = 6 micrograms/kg i.v.). RWJ 26629 was more potent than cromakalim and had a maximal activity greater than the calcium channel blockers. At antihypertensive doses, RWJ 26629 had no significant effect on cardiac force, cardiac output, stroke volume or stroke work in dogs and had little or no effect on renal, carotid or femoral blood flow or vascular resistance. RWJ 26629 was also selective for antihypertensive activity in rats compared with its ability to inhibit intestinal motility. However, RWJ 26629 did relax contracted pulmonary smooth muscle in vivo at antihypertensive doses. All compounds tested caused reflex tachycardia in conscious dogs, although this effect was lowest for RWJ 26629. Most importantly, RWJ 26629 potently and selectively increased coronary blood flow with a potency and duration of action greater than that of cromakalim or nifedipine without affecting contractile force. In vitro, RWJ 26629 selectively relaxed precontracted coronary arteries compared with its effect on femoral arteries. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hierarchy Levels, Sum Score, and Worsening of Disability Are Related to Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Men From Three European Countries

OBJECTIVES The objectives were to investigate the predictive value of hierarchy levels and sum score of disability and change in disability on depressive symptoms. METHOD Longitudinal data of 723 men age 70 and older from the Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands Elderly Study were collected in 1990 and 1995. Self-reported disability was based on three disability domains (instrumental activities, mobility, and basic activities) and depressive symptoms on the Zung questionnaire. RESULTS Severity levels of disability were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Men with no disability scored 5 to 17 points lower (p < .01) on depressive symptoms than did those with disability in all domains. Among men with mild disability, those who had worsening of disability status in the preceding 5 years scored 5 points higher (p = .004) on depressive symptoms than did men who improved. DISCUSSION Hierarchic severity levels, sum score of disability, and preceding changes in disability status are risk factors for depressive symptoms.
Prevalence of oral mucosal alterations in children from 0 to 12 years old.

BACKGROUND As the exact prevalence of oral alterations in children is still not known and the findings are controversial, other studies about this subject are necessary. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 1211 Brazilian children divided in two age groups: 0-4 and 5-12 years. The patients were economically classified and data of medical history were obtained from medical records. RESULTS The frequency of children presenting alterations was 27.0%, and it was higher in older children. The most common lesions were geographic tongue, cheek biting, and melanotic macule. Candidiasis was associated with antibiotic therapy and use of pacifiers. Fissured tongue was associated with congenital anomalies, allergy; age from 5 to 12 years. There was a lack of association of patient's economic status and prevalence of oral mucosal alterations. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of mucosal alterations in children is high and increases with age, and some of them are associated with habits and medical history of the patients.
Carrier Lifetime as a Developmental and Diagnostic Tool in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Minority carrier lifetime measurements were used to optimize processes for amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells. A blue filter highlights surface lifetime and is used to determine the interaction between the front and rear depositions. On n-type substrates, depositing the front p-type layer first led to contamination of the rear surface such that a subsequent n-type deposition on the rear intended as a back surface field had no passivating quality and giving cells with low open-circuit voltages only 580 mV. Switching the order of deposition and depositing the rear n-layer first, improved the quality of the rear passivation and subsequently increased open circuit voltages to over 620 mV; without intrinsic buffer layers. Depositions of intrinsic material resulted in lifetimes of 2.4 ms, and wafer cleaning was found to have a significant impact on measured lifetime. Finally, immersion in hydrofluoric acid was found to be the easiest way to measure substrate lifetime above 1 ms
Duration of Immunity Against Pertussis After Natural Infection or Vaccination

Despite decades of high vaccination coverage, pertussis has remained endemic and reemerged as a public health problem in many countries in the past 2 decades. Waning of vaccine-induced immunity has been cited as one of the reasons for the observed epidemiologic trend. A review of the published data on duration of immunity reveals estimates that infection-acquired immunity against pertussis disease wanes after 4–20 years and protective immunity after vaccination wanes after 4–12 years. Further research into the rate of waning of vaccine-acquired immunity will help determine the optimal timing and frequency of booster immunizations and their role in pertussis control.
Planning energy storage in power transmission networks

In this paper an overview is drawn on energy storage technologies and their application on power systems, from the transmission system operators (TSOs) perspective. Potential constraints to energy storage commissioning are identified and possible solutions described. A set of guidelines for planning energy storage in transmission networks is provided, including a survey on regulatory framework. A planning methodology and a case study are provided.
Two slightly-entangled NP-complete problems

We perform a mathematical analysis of the classical computational complexity of two genuine quantum-mechanical problems, which are inspired in the calculation of the expected magnetizations and the entanglement between subsystems for a quantum spin system. These problems, which we respectively call SES and SESSP, are specified in terms of pure slightly-entangled quantum states of n qubits, and rigorous mathematical proofs that they belong to the NP-Complete complexity class are presented. Both SES and SESSP are, therefore, computationally equivalent to the relevant 3-SAT problem, for which an efficient algorithm is yet to be discovered.
Local expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 on wound healing of intestinal anastomosis during endotoxemia in mice.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the integrity of anastomotic wound healing after digestive surgery under septic conditions and define the participation of local expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) around the anastomotic segment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental animals were divided into lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and control groups, which had either LPS or normal saline solution injected into the peritoneal cavity 24 h before transection and anastomosis of the colon. Anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP) and tissue hydroxyproline concentration (HP) were measured as indicators of wound healing. Immunohistochemical staining for TNF-alpha and IL-10 on tissue samples obtained from the anastomotic segment were examined 1, 6, and 24 h after the operation. The reactive cells were counted under light microscopy. RESULTS ABP and HP were significantly lower in the LPS group than in the control group 7 days after surgery. In the LPS group, TNF-alpha expression increased about threefold over that in the control group 1 h after the operation. TNF-alpha-reactive cells were observed until 24 h after the operation in the LPS group, but not in the control group. On the other hand, IL-10 was not expressed in the control group during the observed period, whereas IL-10 was observed 24 h after the operation in the LPS group. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that anastomotic wound healing was impaired after the digestive surgery in animals treated with intraperitoneal LPS, and that local expression of TNF-alpha and IL-10 at the anastomotic site acts as an inhibitory factor in the wound healing process.
Competition hypergraphs of digraphs with certain properties II. Hamiltonicity

If D = (V; A) is a digraph, its competition hypergraph CH(D) has vertex set V and e V is an edge of CH(D) i jej 2 and there is a vertex v 2 V , such that e = N D (v) = fw 2 V j(w; v) 2 Ag. We give characterizations of CH(D) in case of hamiltonian digraphs D and, more general, of digraphs D having a -cycle factor. The results are closely related to the corresponding investigations for competition graphs in Fraughnaugh et al. [4] and Guichard [6].
DNA studies underestimate the major role of CDKN2A inactivation in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas

Loss of CDKN2A expression was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in 87% of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) primary tumor samples. By contrast, DNA studies showed a much lower frequency of loss of the CDKN2A gene. Point mutations and promoter methylation of CDKN2A were seen in 7% and 23%, respectively, of primary tumors. Loss of heterozygosity analysis using a dense set of 9p markers showed allelic imbalance that included CDKN2A in only 31% of samples, but a further 47% showed loss at loci near CDKN2A with apparent retention of CDKN2A. No tumor with any allelic imbalance expressed CDKN2A, whether or not the imbalance appeared to involve the CDKN2A locus. We interpret these data as showing partially overlapping deletions on the two 9p homologues, with homozygous deletion of CDKN2A masked by amplification of contaminating stromal material. Our data show that inactivation of the CDKN2A gene products is a near‐universal step in the development of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, and we suggest that homozygous deletion is the most common mechanism of inactivation. The CDKN2A locus may be particularly prone to deletion because it encodes two unrelated tumor suppressor proteins, CDKN2A (p16INK4a) and p19ARF, and deletion, but not point mutation or methylation, would inactivate both gene products. However, our results also suggest that complex patterns of allelic imbalance in primary squamous carcinomas in general may not provide reliable evidence for the existence of multiple tumor suppressor genes within a single chromosomal region. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 25:16–25, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Effect of Multisensory Stimulation on Persons Residing in an Extended Care Facility

Background: Non-pharmacological interventions, such as multisensory stimulation environments (MSSE), have demonstrated the ability to reduce inappropriate behavior among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: In this study, we compared the incidences of problematic behavior among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease residing in a long-term care facility who were and were not exposed to an MSSE. Retrospective data were obtained using the Psychotic Behavior Assessment Record (PBAR), mandated by Medicare to be used when antipsychotic medications are administered. Psychotic Behavior Assessment Record data were collected using the first and sixth month of admission for residents after appropriate consent was secured. Results: Documented disruptive behavior included pacing, exit-seeking activities, hitting, yelling, and aggressive talking. The use of the MSSE resulted in a decrease in the number of incidences of disruptive behavior, but not the behaviors present. Conclusion: The use of MSSE, as a non-pharmacological intervention, demonstrates the ability to decrease the number of incidences of disruptive or problematic behavior. The use of these interventions, where feasible, should be considered prior to the use of pharmacological methods.
An Integrated Framework for Multi-Core Architectures with 3D-Stacked Memory

As the number of processor cores on a chip increases, researches on three-dimensional integration receives growing attention. Stacking last-level cache memory on processor cores is a promising way to solve the well-known ‘memory-wall’ problem which limits performance of multi-processor [1]. Chip temperature is a major performance bottleneck of 3D ICs, because stacking multiple dies leads to higher power density than 2D IC. Therefore, the hybrid design considering performance, power, and temperature is crucial in the multi-processor architecture with 3Dstacked cache memory. Conventional simulation tools, however, do not provide required environment for the hybrid design. Moreover, these tools are not able to examine processor management schemes such as dynamic power management, task scheduling, and dynamic cache partitioning. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework for dynamic processor management considering performance, power and temperature on multi-core architectures with 3D-stacked memory. The experimental results show the importance of our framework to improve performance of the multi-processor.
Autobiographical amnesia resulting from bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction. A case study in cognitive neurobiology.

A patient with a chronic amnesic state resulting from bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction showed a pattern of retrograde amnesia not previously reported. Personally relevant autobiographical memory was profoundly impaired, whereas knowledge of famous people and public events was relatively spared. Furthermore, knowledge of famous people, including the ability to make accurate temporal judgements, was less affected than knowledge of public events. In addition, we have documented a severe and systematic distortion of personal memory. These findings are not compatible with current accounts of retrograde amnesia based either upon the type of information stored (e.g. episodic versus semantic memory), or upon simple storage versus access models. We propose an explanation based upon an interactive cognitive model in which the patient shows a disorder at the 'thematic retrieval framework' level of memory organization due to a disconnection of frontal and medial temporal memory systems.