Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PNS1300379 87..95

Milk, meat and eggs tend not to be regarded as an important source of PUFA. They are disproportionally high in SFA compared with their PUFA content, especially those from cattle and sheep, since their rumen microbes are responsible for the loss of over 90 % of PUFA intake by livestock. This need not necessarily be the case since the relative proportion of PUFA in these foods is dictated by livestock management, especially feeding, and this can be manipulated to boost their content of crucial long-chain n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic fatty acids. The present paper considers the fatty acid composition in animal-derived foods and how these can be manipulated to be more conducive for consumers’ health. The importance of recognising the effect of livestock production systems on fat composition is also highlighted along with the fact that we may have to compromise between intensive, high levels of production and this particular aspect of food quality.
S174217051700062Xjra 395..405

Rural communities have faced significant socio-economic challenges for the past several decades due to structural shifts and changing social expectations regarding the management, production of, and markets for natural resources, including production agriculture. The New Natural Resource Economy (NNRE) is an economic development approach to the use of natural resources, including agriculture, in ways that can build healthy environments and healthy, resilient local economies (Hibbard and Lurie, 2013). A major attribute of the NNRE is its focus on very small businesses, the predominant business type in rural settings. Emerging trends, such as regional food networks (RFNs) that connect food producers to consumers within a state or local region, may provide opportunities for rural communities to diversify and expand local businesses around the use of natural resources, thereby helping to restore greater capacity for self-direction and adding to local community vitality. Thus, we address whether RFNs in rural Oregon counties display characteristics of an NNRE development strategy through the relationships between agricultural producers and consumers that support very small agricultural enterprises. Based on analysis of Oregon producer survey data from 2016 in the more rural resource-dependent Oregon counties, we find that the RFN producer survey respondents are indeed very small businesses engaged in small-scale, multifunctional agriculture. They are motivated by economic, social, and environmental concerns as they contribute to the economic activity in their communities. We also surveyed Oregon consumers, finding that although consumer survey respondents in the same region are not primarily driven to buy local based on environmental considerations, they are nonetheless interested in supporting agriculture and local businesses. The demand for local products can create a virtuous cycle contributing to the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of the community. Given appropriate policy and program support, there is fertile ground to create new opportunities to generate farm income and acquire food within the NNRE healthy environmenthealthy economy paradigm for rural economic development.
Large-scale Coronal Structure – space and ground-based Observations

This is a brief review of the quiescent large scale visible corona with an emphasis on the origin, structure and role of streamers in the solar wind. The review is mostly based on results from the last 10 years of the SOHO mission and the goal is to provide a coherent picture of what is known about streamers at the end of the current cycle.
The Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in Aerosols.

Aerosols of Listeria monocytogenes were generated in 0.1 % reconstituted nonfat dried milk, 0.1% peptone water, and distilled water. Suspensions of L. monocytogenes Scott A and L. monocytogenes V37CE were prepared in three population ranges: high, between 108-109 CFU/ml; intermediate, between 105-106 CFU/ml; and low, between 103-104 CFU/ml. Aerosols were generated into an enclosed hood by pressurized Freon. Prepoured petri plates containing tryptic soy agar with 0.6% yeast extract (Difco, Detroit, MI) were spread out in the bottom of the hood. Fallout was collected by removing the lids of randomly selected plates and leaving the lids off for selected time periods. The time periods used for collecting fallout varied and were based on the initial populations of the solutions that were aerolized. Fallout was reported as CFU/cm2 at each time interval. Results showed that high populations of L. monocytogenes Scott A and L. monocytogenes V37CE survived in aerosol suspensions generated under these conditions for 210 min.
Perancangan Model Layanan Publik Pemerintah Daerah Berbasis One Stop Service

In order to improve the public service quality, the local government of Nusa Tenggara Barat at Municipality of Lombok Barat should have improved the public service management. The combination of information technology function with the governmental services in the public service forms. It is a goal of the application of e-government. Application of conventional public service model and unsuitable with the public user will affect to the quality services. It can be low service quality and appearance of the unsatisfaction public as a user. One stop service is one of public service model that is applied by the local government of Nusa Tenggara Barat to easy and fast the process the public services. The one stop service model posibles the public service user can access the public services without they come to the office. The aim of this research is design of public service model of the local government that based on one stop service. It posibles the public users can access the system by using information technology device as development effort of the public service quality that more efficient and effective. The method implementation of this research conducts the survey activity into the public user and the public service officer. The result survey being the reference in the design of model that more suitable at the present condition. The testing of model conducted to find the performance of the business process and evaluation of model functionality. The last result of this research is a form of public service model for the local government based on the one stop service. It is able to give the effective and efficient services and also easy to access the government system about the status of the application form and searching process of the public service without they comes to the government office.
PNS1200304 277..287

Nikki Buijs, Elisabeth A. Wörner, Saskia J. H. Brinkmann, Joanna Luttikhold, Barbara S. van der Meij, Alexander P. J. Houdijk and Paul A. M. van Leeuwen* Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Surgery, Medical Center Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
£ Western Muslim Integration

re Western Muslims integrating? Can Western Muslims integrate? Over the past 20 years, significant attention has been invested in examinations stimulated by the extensive public commentary addressing such questions. This brief review aims to demystify the examination of Western Muslims' integration in the interest of re-embedding this subject matter in the broader scholarship about immigration and settlement. Within this expanding field of study, Western Muslims can (and should) be examined at the community level, where specific ethno-cultural groups represent but case studies among hundreds of Western Muslim communities that differ in their immigration context, countries of origin, sects, and ethno-cultural backgrounds. Simultaneously, the collection of statistical data should be used to test hypotheses that are developed in studies of such communities. The dialogue between qualitative and quantitative approaches provides research openings to more rigorously push the state of knowledge in this area, and I describe some of these openings below. In pursuing these openings, we must be wary of reproducing Western Muslims' otherwise exceptional treatment in the public sphere and careful not to dignify baseless claims about Muslims that assume a priori that Islamic religiosity influences the attitudes of individuals and communities in ways that are different from other religions, and to embed examinations of contemporary Muslims in larger debates about integration. Through a cursory survey of key integration indicators, we see that Western Muslims and their descendants are actually integrating into destination societies the way others did before them. •
S0033291718000193jra 2573..2583

Butabika National Mental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda; Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Mental Health, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda; Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda and Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
S0033291717002483jra 1102..1110

Background. Literature has shown that obesity, metabolic syndrome and inflammation are associated with depression, however, evidence suggests that these associations are specific to atypical depression. Which of the atypical symptoms are driving associations with obesityrelated outcomes and inflammation is unknown. We evaluated associations between individual symptoms of depression (both atypical and non-atypical) and body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome components and inflammatory markers. Methods.We included 808 persons with a current diagnosis of depression participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (67% female, mean age 41.6 years). Depressive symptoms were derived from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses adjusting for sex, age, educational level, depression severity, current smoking, physical activity, anti-inflammatory medication use, and statin use were performed. Results. Increased appetite was positively associated with BMI, number of metabolic syndrome components, waist circumference, C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-α. Decreased appetite was negatively associated with BMI and waist circumference. Psychomotor retardation was positively associated with BMI, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and insomnia with number of metabolic syndrome components. Conclusion. Increased appetite – in the context of a depressive episode – was the only symptom that was associated with both metabolic as well as inflammatory markers, and could be a key feature of an immuno-metabolic form of depression. This immuno-metabolic depression should be considered in clinical trials evaluating effectiveness of compounds targeting metabolic and inflammatory pathways or lifestyle interventions.
PNS1100167 418..425

Endothelial damage is central to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, while in addition vascular endothelial cells secrete several anti-atherogenic substances including the potent vasodilator nitric oxide. Increased adhesion molecule expression, in response to pathophysiological stimuli is perhaps the earliest indicator of compromised endothelial integrity. Obesity and adiposity are associated with an increased risk of CVD, influencing disease progression via a number of mechanisms, including enhanced endothelial activation. This review discusses possible mechanisms linking adiposity and more specifically regional fat depots with endothelial function and evaluates studies investigating the effect of weight loss on endothelial function, assessed by biochemical and physiological measurements. Overall, the research to date suggests that visceral adiposity is a stronger predictor of endothelial activation than overall adiposity, possibly mediated via the action of NEFA in circulation. While in general there is a suggestion that weight loss is associated with significant improvements in endothelial function, this is not apparent in all interventions and published literature to date provides less than convincing evidence for the effects of weight loss on endothelial activation.
Preliminary study on the pathogenesis of anal fistula

BACKGROUND Anal gland infection is one of the main pathogenic factors of anal fistula. The anal gland is mainly consists of columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells. Goblet cells could secrete mucins which maintain the surface mucous gel layer of intestine to prevent columnar epithelial cells from the direct acting of bacterias. The absence or diminished secretion of goblet cells could lead to the exposure of columnar epithelial cells to bacterias. In recent years, studies have found that most of the microorganisms in perianal abscess and anal fistula are intestinal bacteria. So it can be considered that the occurrence and development of anal fistula is closely related to gut microbiota. However, the molecular mechanism of gut microbiota acting on the epithelial cells of anal gland leading to the occurrence and development of anal fistula has not been explored. METHODS Anal fistula tissues were collected from 30 patients, and HE staining was employed to observe pathological changes of anal gland. Stool specimens were collected from normal group (14 normal subjects), preoperative group (21 subjects before surgery) and postoperative group (16 subjects after surgery). High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to explore differences among different groups. RESULTS It was found by HE staining that normal anal gland is composed of a large number of columnar epithelial cells as well as goblet cells, while the anal gland of patients with anal fistula is seriously lack of goblet cells. In the normal ones, a large number of vacuoles formed by the dye dissolution of mucin particles can be seen at the top of the goblet cells, and a large amount of mucin secretion can be seen in the center of the anal gland. The results of high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that there were significant statistical differences in species richness, species evenness and species composition between the preoperation group and the normal group (P1 = 0.00004), and between the preoperative group and the postoperative group (P2 = 0.00003). It also showed that PWY-6471 metabolic pathway was the most significant difference between the preoperative group and the postoperative group (P = 0.0033). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of anal fistula may be related to the abnormal permeability of mucus layer and the change of intestinal flora composition. The absence or diminished secretion of goblet cells may cause exception of the permeability of mucus layer which makes the columnar epithelial cells of anal gland exposed to the direct contact of peptidoglycan. The metabolite of pathogenic microorganisms could activate the signal pathway (i.g. NLR/NF-{kappa}B) which leading to the overexpression of inflammatory factors and cause anal fistula.
Frequent lineage-specific substitution rate changes support an episodic model for protein evolution

Abstract Since the inception of the molecular clock model for sequence evolution, the investigation of protein divergence has revolved around the question of a more or less constant change of amino acid sequences, with specific overall rates for each family. Although anomalies in clock-like divergence are well known, the assumption of a constant decay rate for a given protein family is usually taken as the null model for protein evolution. However, systematic tests of this null model at a genome-wide scale have lagged behind, despite the databases’ enormous growth. We focus here on divergence rate comparisons between very closely related lineages since this allows clear orthology assignments by synteny and reliable alignments, which are crucial for determining substitution rate changes. We generated a high-confidence dataset of syntenic orthologs from four ape species, including humans. We find that despite the appearance of an overall clock-like substitution pattern, several hundred protein families show lineage-specific acceleration and deceleration in divergence rates, or combinations of both in different lineages. Hence, our analysis uncovers a rather dynamic history of substitution rate changes, even between these closely related lineages, implying that one should expect that a large fraction of proteins will have had a history of episodic rate changes in deeper phylogenies. Furthermore, each of the lineages has a separate set of particularly fast diverging proteins. The genes with the highest percentage of branch-specific substitutions are ADCYAP1 in the human lineage (9.7%), CALU in chimpanzees (7.1%), SLC39A14 in the internal branch leading to humans and chimpanzees (4.1%), RNF128 in gorillas (9%), and S100Z in gibbons (15.2%). The mutational pattern in ADCYAP1 suggests a biased mutation process, possibly through asymmetric gene conversion effects. We conclude that a null model of constant change can be problematic for predicting the evolutionary trajectories of individual proteins.
Reconstructing contact network structure and cross-immunity patterns from multiple infection histories

Interactions within a population shape the spread of infectious diseases but contact patterns between individuals are difficult to access. We hypothesised that key properties of these patterns can be inferred from multiple infection data in longitudinal follow-ups. We developed a simulator for epidemics with multiple infections on networks and analysed the resulting individual infection time series by introducing the concept of infection barcodes. We find that, depending on infection multiplicity and network sampling, infection barcode summary statistics can recover network properties such as degree distribution. Furthermore, we show that by mining infection barcodes for multiple infection patterns, one can detect immunological interference between pathogens (i.e. the fact that past infections in a host condition future probability of infection). The combination of individual-based simulations and barcode analysis of infection histories opens promising perspectives to infer and validate transmission networks and immunological interference for infectious diseases from longitudinal cohort data.Infectious disease dynamics are constrained both by between-host contacts and pathogen interactions within a host. Furthermore, multiple parasites circulate such that hosts are infected (sometimes simultaneously) by a variety of strains or species. We hypothesise that multiple infection history can inform us about the networks on which parasites are transmitted, but also on within-host interactions such as immunological interference. We developed a simulator for multiple infections on networks. By combining intuitive novel metrics for multiple infection events and established tools from computational data analysis, we show that similarity in infection history between two hosts correlates with their proximity in the contact network. By analysing pathogens co-occurrence patterns within hosts, we also recover immunological interference at the population level. The demonstrated robustness of our results in terms of observability, network clustering, and pathogen diversity opens new perspectives to extract host contact and between-pathogen immunity information from longitudinal cohort data.
CEO OVERCONFIDENCE , FOUNDER & RESTATEMENT OF FINANCIAL REPORTING

This study has two research questions:1) Does CEO overconfidence have a positive effect on restatement of financial reporting and 2) the existence of the founder in weakening the relationship between CEO overconfidence and restatement of financial reporting. The motivation of this research is the limited research on the relationship between CEO overconfidence and restatement of financial reporting, especially in countries where the majority are family companies. Generally, family companies will be controlled by the family itself, especially the company founder. Founders are considered to be more concerned with maintaining the company's reputation in the future and have a high sense of ownership of the company so that they will avoid actions that can be detrimental to the company. So far, there is still no test that examines the role of the founder in weakening the relationship between CEO overconfidence and the restatement of financial reporting so that it is one of the motivations for conducting this research. CEO overconfidence has characteristics that are reflected in its leadership in the company. CEO overconfidence has the courage to take high risks, invest excessively without estimating returns and risks accurately, be innovative, like debt financing, reluctance to pay dividends and tend to manipulate earnings or other fraud actions on financial reporting. Therefore, a company led by a CEO overconfidence will have a high level of restatement of financial reporting. However, the relationship between CEO overconfidence and restatement of financial reporting will be weak if the CEO overconfidence is also a founder of the company. That is because the CEO founder will be more careful in maintaining the company's reputation. This study uses a sample of nonfinancial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2018. This study uses logistic regression analysis in answering the research hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that CEO overconfidence has a positive relationship with the restatement of financial reporting. However, the existence of the founder will weaken the positive relationship between CEO overconfidence and restatement of financial reporting. This study contributes to the development of literature related to founders, CEO overconfidence and restatement of financial reporting. In addition, this research is expected to provide an insight for auditors and investors in identifying the possibility of restatement of financial reporting.
KeypointDeformer: Unsupervised 3D Keypoint Discovery for Shape Control

We introduce KeypointDeformer, a novel unsupervised method for shape control through automatically discovered 3D keypoints. We cast this as the problem of aligning a source 3D object to a target 3D object from the same object category. Our method analyzes the difference between the shapes of the two objects by comparing their latent representations. This latent representation is in the form of 3D keypoints that are learned in an unsupervised way. The difference between the 3D keypoints of the source and the target objects then informs the shape deformation algorithm that deforms the source object into the target object. The whole model is learned end-to-end and simultaneously discovers 3D keypoints while learning to use them for deforming object shapes. Our approach produces intuitive and semantically consistent control of shape deformations. Moreover, our discovered 3D keypoints are consistent across object category instances despite large shape variations. As our method is unsupervised, it can be readily deployed to new object categories without requiring annotations for 3D keypoints and deformations. Project page: http://tomasjakab.github. io/KeypointDeformer.