Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversité de l'abricotier sauvage à l'échelle phénotypique de deux loci et du génome complet

Le rechauffement climatique et le developpement de la sharka ont une forte incidence sur le devenir de la production d’abricots. Il est donc indispensable de creer des varietes adaptees et resistantes au virus de la sharka. L’etude realisee ici a pour but de caracteriser la structure genetique du compartiment sauvage abricotier afin d’estimer son potentiel pour repondre aux besoins des selectionneurs. Pour cela, nous avons etudie la variabilite phenotypique en lien avec le debourrement vegetatif, la variabilite genotypique de deux loci d’interet (SI lie a l’auto-incompatibilite et PPVres, controlant la resistance a la sharka) ainsi que la diversite genetique a l’aide de marqueurs neutres, soient 21 SSRs et 2076 SNPs. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que le debourrement est fonction de l’origine geographique, plus precisement latitudinale, de l’accession. L’auto-compatibilite, quant a elle, n’est observee que chez les individus cultives et serait donc apparue plus tardivement, durant la domestication. Par contre, les populations naturelles d’abricotiers presentent des frequences significativement elevees d’alleles lies a la resistance a la sharka et representent donc un pool de geniteurs potentiels. Concernant la diversite au sens large et la structuration des populations naturelles, nous remarquons qu’elles se distinguent nettement du materiel cultive et qu’elles presentent une diversite elevee mais qu’elles sont relativement peu structurees, ce qui sera un avantage lors de la mise en place de programmes d’association genetique au niveau pangenomique.
Bilingual Word Embeddings with Bucketed CNN for Parallel Sentence Extraction

We propose a novel model which can be used to align the sentences of two different languages using neural architectures. First, we train our model to get the bilingual word embeddings and then, we create a similarity matrix between the words of the two sentences. Because of different lengths of the sentences involved, we get a matrix of varying dimension. We dynamically pool the similarity matrix into a matrix of ﬁxed dimension and use Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify the sentences as aligned or not. To further improve upon this technique, we bucket the sentence pairs to be classiﬁed into different groups and train CNN’s separately. Our approach not only solves sentence alignment problem but our model can be regarded as a generic bag-of-words similarity measure for monolingual or bilingual corpora.
Unit responses of the cat cochlear nucleus to amplitude-modulated stimuli.

Psychoacoustic studies have indicated that the pitch corresponding to the fundamental frequency of certain complex stimuli may be mediated through the temporal pattern of neural discharges. To evaluate this proposal, two populations of units from the cochlear nucleus were examined for their responses to modulated stimuli: (1) Those units with maximum sensitivity for sinusoidal stimuli of 800 Hz or less were presented with modulated stimuli having a low‐frequency fundamental, but with spectrum controlled to reduce the contribution of low‐frequency energy; (2) units with maximum sensitivity in higher‐frequency regions were studied using the stimulus frequency to which each was most sensitive and modulating it at low rates. The results suggests that units were not sensitive to the periodicity characteristics of a stimulus, per se, but that they also require certain spectral information. Once a unit is driven to respond , however, it is likely to reflect the periodicity of the stimulus in its discharge patterns.
Behavioural account-based features for filtering out social spammers in large-scale twitter data collections

Online social networks (OSNs) have become an important source of information for a tremendous range of applications and researches. However, the high usability and accessibility of OSNs have exposed many information quality (IQ) problems which consequently decrease the performance of OSNs dependent applications. Social spammers are a particular kind of ill-intentioned users who degrade the quality of OSNs information through misusing all possible services provided by OSNs. Given the fact that Twitter is not immune towards the social spam problem, different researchers have designed various detection methods of a spam content. Ho-wever, the tweet-based detection methods are not effective for detecting a spam content because of the dynamicity and the fast evolution of spam. Moreover, the robust account-based features are costly for extraction because of the need for huge volume of data from Twitter’s servers, while most other account-based features don’t model the behavior of social spammers. Hence, in this paper, we introduce a design of new 10 robust behavioral account-based features for ﬁlte-ring out spam accounts existing in large-scale Twitter "crawled" data collections. Our features focus on modeling the behavior of social spammers, such as the time correlation among tweets. The experimental results show that our new behavioral features are able to correctly classify the majority of social spammers (spam accounts), outperforming 75 account-based features de-signed in the literature.
Flavobacteria Blooms in Four Eutrophic Lakes: Linking Population Dynamics of Freshwater Bacterioplankton to Resource Availability

ABSTRACT Heterotrophic bacteria are major contributors to biogeochemical cycles and influence water quality. Still, the lack of representative isolates and the few quantitative surveys leave the ecological role and significance of single bacterial populations to be revealed. Here we analyzed the diversity and dynamics of freshwater Flavobacteria populations in four eutrophic temperate lakes. From each lake, clone libraries were constructed using primers specific for either the class Flavobacteria or Bacteria. Sequencing of 194 Flavobacteria clones from 8 libraries revealed a diverse freshwater Flavobacteria community and distinct differences among lakes. Abundance and seasonal dynamics of Flavobacteria were assessed by quantitative PCR with class-specific primers. In parallel, the dynamics of individual populations within the Flavobacteria community were assessed with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using identical primers. The contribution of Flavobacteria to the total bacterioplankton community ranged from 0.4 to almost 100% (average, 24%). Blooms where Flavobacteria represented more than 30% of the bacterioplankton were observed at different times in the four lakes. In general, high proportions of Flavobacteria appeared during episodes of high bacterial production. Phylogenetic analyses combined with Flavobacteria community fingerprints suggested dominance of two Flavobacteria lineages. Both drastic alterations in total Flavobacteria and in community composition of this class significantly correlated with bacterial production, emphasizing that resource availability is an important driver of heterotrophic bacterial succession in eutrophic lakes.
Asthma: a review of complementary and alternative therapies.

1. Cecilia Bukutu, PhD* 2. Christopher Le* 3. Sunita Vohra, MD, FRCPC, MSc* 1. *Complementary and Alternative Research and Education (CARE) Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. On behalf of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Complementary and Integrative Medicine Although effective medications for managing asthma exist within conventional Western medicine (eg, inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators), some parents turn to complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies to treat their children's asthma. (1) Some reasons cited for using CAM therapies include concern about the long-term effects of steroid use; frustration that asthma does not resolve with conventional therapies; dissatisfaction with physician-patient interactions; belief that CAM is natural and, therefore, safe; and desire to have autonomy in making health choices. (1)(2) This review of published scientific literature assesses the efficacy and safety of some common CAM therapies in preventing and treating pediatric asthma. Natural health products (NHPs), including vitamins, minerals, herbal remedies, and other dietary supplements such as fish oil and probiotics, are used widely to prevent and treat asthma. (3) Like conventional therapies, NHPs used to treat asthma can be categorized as having anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, and other effects. Few of these NHPs have been evaluated in pediatric trials. ### Vitamin C Vitamin C is an important antioxidant found in abundance in the extracellular fluid lining of the lung. Low intake of vitamin C is associated with pulmonary dysfunction. (4) Several observational studies in children have reported a beneficial relationship between a high fruit intake and improved lung function. (5)(6) However, a 2004 Cochrane systematic review of eight randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) concluded that evidence was insufficient to recommend a specific role for vitamin C in treating asthma. (4) Of the eight included studies, three small studies (fewer than 41 participants each) concluded that vitamin C supplementation was beneficial; five studies, including the largest trial (n=210), showed little or no beneficial effect. Larger, long-term RCTs are needed to clarify the possible role of vitamin C in the treatment of asthma. Most researchers have used daily doses of 500 to 1,000 mg. …
Closed loop modelling method for non-linear system using Laguerre polynomials

This paper presents a modelling method for noisy response data of a closed loop with a PI controller. A general pre-£ltering procedure is not required in this method. A three-step procedure for estimating Laplace transfer function of a process is proposed. The true closed loop response is estimated from noisy response data, exploiting orthonormal properties of Laguerre functions. Then the closed loop transfer function model (called the Laguerre model) is represented by Laplace transforms of Laguerre polynomials approximated to a true response. Lastly, the process transfer function model is computed from the Laguerre model and the PI controller. PI parameters are given by gain constant, time constant and dead time of process approximated to £rst-order lag element plus dead-time system. Using this algorithm, the process model is estimated only by the settling time of response data. Simulation and experiment results show that the proposed method is effective for non-linear systems in modelling.
A brief review of the main approaches for treatment of missing data

Missing data is a significant problem found in data mining projects and data analysis. Despite being a common problem, the missing data is dealt in a simplistic way and may lead to inconsistent knowledge discovery. Through literature review, it was possible to observe that the missing data mechanisms are not always considered when methods of treatment or imputation are chosen. This work presents a review about the main treatment methods of missing data that can be considered in a process of knowledge discovery in database. We emphasize that attention should be given to the identification of the absence mechanism, for the choice the most appropriate treatment method.
The effect of a static wrist orthosis on hand function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of a wrist orthosis on work performance, hand dexterity, and pain during task performance, 40 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis were studied using a 2 period, crossover design. METHODS Each patient was fitted with a Futuro wrist orthosis. Dexterity was measured with and without the orthosis using the Jebsen Hand Function Test. Work performance was assessed using 2 tasks (one simulating the use of shears, the other the use of a screwdriver) on a work simulator. All tasks were performed both with and without the orthosis, with the order of orthosis versus no orthosis randomly assigned. Pain before and after performing tasks was assessed using a 10 cm horizontal visual analog scale. RESULTS While on the screwdriver task work performance was less with the orthosis (p = 0.0002); on the shears task there was no significant difference in work performance with and without the orthosis. The average pain after performing both tasks was significantly less with the orthosis on. A 2 factor analysis of variance model with repeated measures suggested that taking into account the reduced work performance during splint wear, pain was still significantly reduced with splint wear. The average time to complete all 7 tasks on the Jebsen Hand Function Test was longer when the subjects wore the splint compared to when they did not (62.0 vs 57.6 s, respectively; p = 0.0086). CONCLUSION The results suggest that the effect of splint wear on work performance is highly task specific, and thus the ergonomic demands of the individual's daily life must be considered if a splint is to provide maximal effectiveness.
Incidence and Predictors of Difficult and Impossible Mask Ventilation

Background:Mask ventilation is an essential element of airway management that has rarely been studied as the primary outcome. The authors sought to determine the incidence and predictors of difficult and impossible mask ventilation. Methods:A four-point scale to grade difficulty in performing mask ventilation (MV) is used at the authors’ institution. They used a prospective, observational study to identify cases of grade 3 MV (inadequate, unstable, or requiring two providers), grade 4 MV (impossible to ventilate), and difficult intubation. Univariate and multivariate analyses of a variety of patient history and physical examination characteristics were used to establish risk factors for grade 3 and 4 MV. Results:During a 24-month period, 22,660 attempts at MV were recorded. 313 cases (1.4%) of grade 3 MV, 37 cases (0.16%) of grade 4 MV, and 84 cases (0.37%) of grade 3 or 4 MV and difficult intubation were observed. Body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or greater, a beard, Mallampati classification III or IV, age of 57 yr or older, severely limited jaw protrusion, and snoring were identified as independent predictors for grade 3 MV. Snoring and thyromental distance of less than 6 cm were independent predictors for grade 4 MV. Limited or severely limited mandibular protrusion, abnormal neck anatomy, sleep apnea, snoring, and body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or greater were independent predictors of grade 3 or 4 MV and difficult intubation. Conclusions:The authors observed the incidence of grade 3 MV to be 1.4%, similar to studies with the same definition of difficult MV. Presence of a beard is the only easily modifiable independent risk factor for difficult MV. The mandibular protrusion test may be an essential element of the airway examination.
Evaluation of CNN-based algorithms for human pose analysis of persons in red carpet scenarios

We evaluate two CNN-based algorithms for keypoint-based human pose analysis on two image test sets containing red carpet scenarios, one taken under controlled conditions in a TV studio environment and another more heterogeneous data set taken from FlickR without any restriction but to contain a red carpet. We focus on the pose of persons standing directly on the red carpet. A web application is presented allowing collaborative work to confirm or modify already pre-localised body keypoints given from the method presented in [Ca17]. These annotations helped to quickly define ground truth for the subsequent evaluation of several hundreds of persons standing on a red carpet. An own evaluation formalism is presented that adopts to the size of the respective keypoints. The TV studio data set includes coarsely defined body and head poses. Using the angular information, we are able to quantitatively define the optimum head pose angle range and limitations of facial keypoint determination.
Functional Correlates of Mutations in β-Catenin Exon 3 Phosphorylation Sites*

β-Catenin-mediated signaling can be constitutively activated by truncation or mutation of serine and threonine residues in exon 3. Mutations in this region are observed in many human tumors. Examination of the locations of these mutations reveals interesting patterns; specifically, Ser45 and Thr41 appear more frequently in malignant tumors, and Ser37 and Ser33 are more common in benign entities. To test whether these patterns represent functional differences in β-catenin signaling mechanisms, we generated mutations of each of these residues. Stable transformation of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells showed a transformed phenotype with each of the four mutations, as assessed by growth in soft agar and collagen. Functional assays including proliferation assays, cell shedding assays, and wounding assays demonstrated two groups. Ser45 and Thr41 represent a more transformed phenotype, whereas Ser37 and Ser33 behaved similarly to the vector in these assays. Assessment of downstream genes demonstrated increased activation of the β-catenin target gene cyclin D1 by Ser45. Finally, we examined the kinase activity of IκB kinase-α and found that this kinase, unlike glycogen synthase kinase-3β, appears to preferentially phosphorylate Ser45 and Thr41, independent of priming by casein kinase-1. We conclude that these sites may represent an alternative (non-wnt) signaling pathway, which may be inappropriately activated in tumors with mutations of these residues.
Bioengineering the Lung : Molecules , Materials , Matrix , Morphology , and Mechanics Chronic intrauterine pulmonary hypertension increases main pulmonary artery stiffness and adventitial remodeling in fetal sheep

R. Blair Dodson, Matthew R. Morgan, Csaba Galambos, Kendall S. Hunter, and Steven H. Abman Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
Predictive value of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after ablation.

AIM To investigate the relationship between contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after ablation. METHODS A total of 51 HCC patients (38 males and 13 females) who received radiofrequency ablation in our hospital from June 2012 to July 2014 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: recurrence group and non-recurrence group. Routine abdominal examination was first performed in the horizontal position. Then the patients underwent CEUS and immunohistochemical staining before receiving radiofrequency ablation. All patients were followed-up every three months for one year. The results of CEUS and serum tumor marker levels were evaluated and combined together to estimate HCC recurrence and metastasis. Patients were divided into two groups: recurrence group and non-recurrence group. Quantitative parameters of CEUS and tumor expression levels of bFGF and ET-1 were compared between the two groups, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CEUS quantitative parameters, expression levels of ET-1 and bFGF, and HCC recurrence after ablation. RESULTS Based on the quantitative parameters of CEUS before patients received radiofrequency ablation, the levels of tumor rise time (tRT), tumor time to peak (tTTP), tumor peak intensity (tPI) and tumor-parenchymal peak intensity (t-pPI) in the recurrence group were significantly lower than those in the non-recurrence group (16.6 ± 6.1 vs 23.2 ± 7.0, P = 0.000; 41.2 ± 10.2 vs 59.6 ± 14.2, P = 0.000; 23.8 ± 6.7 vs 31.4 ± 6.4, P = 0.000; 7.1 ± 3.4 vs 14.6 ± 7.4, P = 0.000; respectively). The expression levels of bFGF in the recurrence group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrence group (P < 0.05). Levels of tTTP showed a significant inverse correlation with the level of bFGF in tumors (r = -0.312, P = 0.037). The Binary logistic regression analysis results revealed that the levels of tRT, tTTP, tPI and the level of bFGF were associated with HCC recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CEUS is a noninvasive and effective method for evaluating the angiogenesis of HCC, and predicting its recurrence and prognosis.
An electron cytochemical demonstration and biochemical analysis of adenosine triphosphatase activity in cancer cell plasma membrane.

1. The studies of structure and function of the plasma membranes of cancer cells is extremely important for the elucidation of specificity of phenotypes of cancer cells. In order to bring this subject to light, plasma membranes, mitochondria, microsomes and nuclei have been isolated from the AH 130 ascites carcinoma cells and rat liver cells. The electron cytochemical observations and biochemical assays of M g²+-Na+-K+-ATPase, ADPase, AMPase, and β-glycerophosphatase activities have been carried out before and after the fixation with glutaraldehyde. 2. M g²+-ATPase and Mg²+-N a +-K +-ATPase are present in the isolated plasma membranes, mitochondria and microsomes in both AH 130 cells and rat liver cells. ADPase and AMPase of the mitochondria and microsomes show far lower activities than those of the corresponding enzymes found in rat liver plasma membrane. ADPase and AMPase of AH 130 cell fraction exhibit activity much lower or zero. Generally, enzymatic activity of the AH 130 cell fraction is much lower than that of rat liver cell fraction. 3. Mg²+-Na+-K+-ATPase is completely abolished by 5% glutaraldehyde fixation while it shows less effect on Mg²+-ATPase in the plasma membrane. ADPase and AMPase activities of the mitochondria and microsomes are completely inhibited by glutaraldehyde fixation. AMPase of the plasma membrane of rat liver is completely abolished while ADPase activity is not affected in any way. 4. Only Mg²+-ATPase can be demonstrated electron cytochemically. Cytochemical reaction products of Mg²+-ATPase are located at the outer layer of the plasma membrane of the AH 130 cells and rat liver tissue. In the isolated membrane fractions it is located at the inner layer. 5. ρ-Chloromercuribenzoate has only a slight effect on Mg²+-ATPase and Mg²+-Na+-K+-ATPase activities of the rat liver membrane, while it inhibits these enzyme activities in the AH 130 cell membrane. NaF (1 mM) and NaN3 (1 mM) inactivate ADPase of the rat liver plasma memo brane. 6. In these experimental conditions, nonenzymatic hydrolysis of ATP by lead ions is not recognized. 7. It seems most reasonable to conclude that cytochemical electron microscopic demonstration of Mg²+-ATPase after fixation with glutaraldehyde may serve as the absolute marker for the plasma membrane of ascites hepatoma and liver cells.
las memorias de sostenibilidad y su divulgación

En la ultima decada, el numero de organizaciones que a nivel mundial publican informes sobre su sostenibilidad crece cada dia mas. Una corriente de transparencia sobre la sostenibilidad de las actividades es lo que motiva a las empresas, agencias publicas y ONG, entre otros, a rendir cuentas sobre su labor a la sociedad
Derivation and associated assumptions embedded in the transport equations governing the evolution of mixture fraction and its statistics

Mixture fraction is a conserved scalar quantity that has proven useful in parameterizing and modeling turbulent combustion physics. Typically, a transport equation and its variance are solved numerically and their solutions used as inputs to combustion models. Occasionally, second moment of mixture fraction is also used. In this short writeup, we present the transport equation for the mixture fraction conserved scalar in its compressible form and derive corresponding transport equations for the second moment and variance.