Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
β7 integrins are required to give rise to intestinal mononuclear phagocytes with tolerogenic potential

Background and objective While pro-inflammatory monocyte trafficking to the intestine has been partially characterised, the molecules required for migration of tolerogenic mononuclear phagocytes (dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages) are unknown. We hypothesised that the gut-homing receptor integrin α4β7 is required for this process. Methods We used a T cell-mediated colitis model to study the role of α4β7 in the innate immune compartment. We then performed competitive bone marrow (BM) reconstitution experiments to assess the requirement of α4β7 in the generation of intestinal retinoic acid (RA)-producing CD11chi DC (ALDE+DC) and CD64 macrophages. Using mixed BM chimeras we also asked whether α4β7 is required to give rise to tolerogenic mononuclear phagocytes. Results Lack of β7 integrins in the innate immune compartment (β7−/−RAG2−/− mice) markedly accelerated T cell-mediated colitis, which was correlated with lower numbers and frequencies of ALDE+DC in mesenteric lymph nodes. Consistent with a role of α4β7 in the generation of intestinal mononuclear phagocytes, BM cells from β7−/− mice poorly reconstituted small intestine ALDE+DC and Mφ when compared to their wild type counterparts. In addition, mice lacking β7 integrins in the CD11chi compartment showed decreased ability to induce Foxp3+ TREG and IL-10-producing T cells. Conclusions Mice lacking β7 integrins in the innate immune compartment are more susceptible to intestinal inflammation, which is correlated with a requirement of β7 integrins to reconstitute gut mononuclear phagocytes with tolerogenic potential.
Research on a Low Stiffness Passive Magnetic Levitation Gravity Compensation System with Opposite Stiffness Cancellation

In the nanopositioning system, such as the wafer stage in a lithography machine, vibration isolation is applied to decrease the influence of the lower basic frame on the upper positioning system. At present, the combination of passive gravity compensation with magnetic force and active stabilization control using linear actuators is a potential solution for vibration isolation. In this paper, an opposite stiffness cancellation method which can be used to decrease the vertical stiffness of a passive gravity compensation system is proposed. By comparison, the new passive gravity compensation system has less stiffness than that of the conventional structure. Lastly, a prototype is manufactured and tested.
Employment of Vocational Graduates: Still a Slough or Already a Ford?

Fedor Dudyrev - Candidate of Sciences in History, Director of the Center for Vocational Education Studies, Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics. E-mail: fdudyrev@hse.ruOlga Romanova - Analyst, Center for Vocational Education Studies, Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics. E-mail: oromanova@hse.ruPavel Travkin - Candidate of Sciences in Economics, Research Fellow, Laboratory for Labor Market Studies, National Research University Higher School of Economics. E-mail: ptravkin@hse.ruAddress: 20 Myasnitskaya Str. , 101000 Moscow, Russian Federation.The study is devoted to employment of recent vocational graduates. The proportion of middle-school graduates in vocational enrollment has increased essentially over the past decade, which indicates that the choice of vocational trajectories, on average, is now made at lower age. It was established based on the Monitoring of Education Markets and Organizations that on average 44 percent of students combined work and study in 2010-2015. Vocational students mostly combine and work and study because of financial constraints, their study-work rarely being related to their major. Later on, when making a transition from education to the labor market, vocational graduates have to accept one of the first job offers as they cannot afford a longer job search. The second part of the study draws upon the findings from the 2010-2015 sampling survey of graduate employment administered by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). It is shown that combining work and study has positive effects on employability of graduates as well as on the size of their starting salaries. In addition, self-funded students and those who combine study with major-related work are more likely to get employed in their field of study after graduation. Education-job mismatch among graduates is found to entail income penalties.
The nuchal translucency and the fetal heart: a literature review

In this overview the current knowledge of the relationship between an increased nuchal translucency (NT) measurement and fetal heart structure and function in chromosomally normal fetuses is reviewed. Relevant pathophysiological theories behind the increased NT are discussed. Fetuses with an increased NT have an increased risk for congenital heart disease (CHD) with no particular bias for one form of CHD over another. This risk increases with increasing NT measurement. Although the NT measurement is only a modestly effective screening tool for all CHD when used alone, it may indeed be effective in identifying specific CHD “likely to benefit” from prenatal diagnosis. The combination of an increased NT, tricuspid regurgitation and an abnormal ductus venosus (DV) Doppler flow profile, is a strong marker for CHD. A fetal echocardiogram should be performed at 20 weeks' gestation in fetuses with an NT ≥ 95th percentile but < 99th percentile. When the NT measurement is ≥ 99th percentile, or when tricuspid regurgitation and/or an abnormal DV flow pattern is found along with the increased NT, an earlier echocardiogram is indicated, followed by a repeat scan at around 20 weeks' gestation. The resultant increased demand for early fetal echocardiography and sonographers with this special expertise needs to be planned and provided for. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on User Roles Identification of Crowdsourcing Innovation Virtual Community

Crowdsourcing innovation is a new model for enterprises to acquire knowledge of external networks and achieve innovation objectives effectively. Its organizational form is relatively loose, the participants are free and voluntary, and come from a wide range of sources. Deeply understanding the heterogeneity and contribution behavior of crowdsourcing innovation participants is very important to crowdsourcing innovation practice. Taking the IdeaStorm crowdsourcing community as the research object, the data related to user interaction and contribution is captured. Through social network analysis combined with cluster analysis to explore the heterogeneity of user interaction behavior and contribution behavior and finally establish five different user roles, they have different importance to support the effective operation of the community. This study will be helpful to understand the crowdsourcing innovation mode and provide theoretical guidance for the effective management of crowdsourcing innovation activities in enterprise community.
Financial Performance of the Local Government Institution (Case Study of DKI Jakarta Province)

This study aims to prove the effect of the implications of Budgeting Participation, Clarity of Budget Objectives, Public Accountability on the Financial Performance of Local Government (Empirical Study in DKI Jakarta Province) The object of this research is 15 OPD (Regional Organization) with 62 questionnaires in the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government. The results of this study indicate that budgetary participation does not affect the performance of local government. This means that the increase or decrease in budget participation will not have a significant impact on the performance of local government. Clarity of Budget Objectives and Public Accountability affect the Financial Performance of the Local Government. This means that all budget goals that have been made will have an impact on increasing or decreasing performance. The clearer the clarity of the budget goals in the preparation of the budget, the higher the performance of local government and conversely. Seen from public accountability in the local government making information received by the public more balanced, which means that information asymmetry that occurs can be reduced. Keywords: Financial Performance of Local Government, Budget Participation, Clarity of Budget Objectives, and Public Accountability DOI : 10.7176/DCS/9-2-07
A test of the fisher effect in Nigeria

JEL Codes: E31, E43, C32 The “Fisher Effect” has stimulated enormous research interest, especially in monetary policy. Expectedly, empirical evidence has varied greatly – from absence of effect to strong effect. This has kept the debate alive, with the benefit of fresh policy-relevant insights and clues especially in developing countries where the literature on the subject is fast growing. This paper contributes to the debate by using the state space model to investigate the dynamic relationship between real interest rate and inflation in Nigeria. The paper reveals varying degrees of effect across interest rate and time horizons.
Relatively light general anesthesia is more effective than fluid expansion in reducing the severity of epinephrine-induced hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

BACKGROUND Epinephrine infiltration of the nasal mucosa causes hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anesthesia. A prospective randomized-controlled study was designed to determine whether relatively light general anesthesia is superior to fluid expansion in reducing epinephrine-induced hypotension during FESS. METHODS Ninety patients undergoing elective FESS under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to three groups with 30 patients in each. Each patient received local infiltration with adrenaline-containing (5 microg/ml) lidocaine (1%, 4 ml) under different conditions. For Group I, anesthesia was maintained with propofol 2 microg/ml and rimifentanil 2 ng/ml by TCI. Group II (control group) and Group III received propofol 4 microg/ml and rimifentanil 4 ng/ml, respectively. In Groups I and II, fluid expansion was performed with hetastarch 5 ml/kg within 20 minutes; hetastarch 10 ml/kg was used in Group III. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at 30-second-intervals for 5 minutes after the beginning of local infiltration. Simultaneously, the lowest and the highest MAP were recorded to calculate the mean maximum increase or decrease percent in MAP for all patients in each group. Data analysis was performed by chi(2) test, one-way analysis of variance, or one-way analysis of covariance. RESULTS Hemodynamic changes, particularly a decrease in MAP accompanied by an increase in HR at 1.5 minutes (P < 0.05), were observed in all groups. The mean maximum decrease in MAP below baseline was 14% in Group I, 24% in Group III and 26% in Group II. There were statistically significant differences between Group I and Groups II and III (P < 0.05). The mean maximum increase in MAP above baseline was 9% in Group I, 6% in Group III and 2% in Group II. CONCLUSION Relatively light general anesthesia can reduce the severity of epinephrine-induced hypotension more effectively than fluid expansion during FESS under general anesthesia.
Low-complexity variable step-size adaptive equalizers for digital communications

In this paper, we propose new low-complexity variable step-size version of the family of affine projection algorithms for adaptive channel equalization. Computational complexity of presented algorithms are reduced through selective partial update of the filter coefficient vector. Simulation results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed algorithms in attenuating noise and intersymbol interference (ISI) with low-complexity and fast convergence rate.
A Low-Profile Wireless Passive Temperature Sensor Using Resonator/Antenna Integration Up to 1000 $^{\circ}$C

A novel wireless temperature sensor is presented herein for high-temperature applications. This sensor is robust in harsh environments using stable materials and purely passive structures. The resonant frequency of the sensor is determined by the temperature-dependent dielectric constant of the substrate material. The temperature can be wirelessly detected by sensing the resonant frequency of the sensor. The integration of the resonator and antenna enables realization of low-profile and compact sensors. Measured resonant frequency of the sensor decreases from 5.12 to 4.74 GHz when the temperature increases from 50°C to 1000°C. This corresponds to a variation of dielectric constant from 9.7 to 11.2 for the alumina substrate. The presented sensor structure is scalable in size or frequency based on the design requirements.
Detecting FET Stuck-Open Faults in CMOS Latches And Flip-Flops

The authors present evidence that conventional tests cannot detect FET stuck-open faults in several CMOS latches and flip-flops. Examples are given to show that stuck-open faults can change static latches and flip-flops into dynamic devices¿a danger to circuits whose operation requires static memory, since undetected FET stuck-open faults can cause malfunctions. Designs are given for several memory devices in which all single FET stuck-open faults are detectable. These memory devices include common latches, master-slave flip-flops, and scan-path flip-flops that can be used in applications requiring static memory elements whose operation can be reliably ascertained through conventional fault testing methods.
CYBER TERRORISM THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA: A CATEGORICAL BASED PREVENTIVE APPROACH

This paper deals with the categorical cyber terrorism threats on social media and preventive approach to minimize their issues. While dealing with the threat of cyber terrorism in social media, The United Nations Office for Drug and Crime (UNODC) categorical approach propaganda, financing, training, planning, execution, and cyber attacks are determined. In order to prevent, social spam, campaigns, misinformation, crowdturfing, and other practical techniques were mentioned with measures to be taken.
Optically Actuated Nanoelectromechanical Oscillators

Excitation of biologically functional micro- and nanomechanical structures using optical fields is a recently emerging arena of research that couples the fields of optics, fluidics, electronics, and mechanics with potential of generating novel chemical and biological sensors. We present experimental and theoretical elucidation of optical excitation of resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). The modulated optical fields were coupled directly into the NEMS device layer causing amplified mechanical vibrations. Dynamic detection of vibrational characteristics of nanomechanical resonators, fabricated from low-stress silicon nitride and mono crystalline silicon thin film layers, was accomplished using optical interferometry. We have analyzed the actuation mechanism using finite element modeling, and we found that the dominant actuation mechanism in close proximity of the clamped end was primarily thermal. In contrast, mechanical traveling waves are attributed as possible excitation mechanisms in the far-field regime
Leaders, Factions and the Game of Intra-Party Politics

Political parties are often examined as unitary actors. The assumption that political parties are unitary actors relies on a premise that parties are formed by individual members who want to reach common goals. In fact, parties are not monolithic actors but usually composed of members who have different interests, policy preferences, and personal career ambitions. For this reason, those party members who share most similar preferences and common interests may come together and create subgroups called as factions within a party to influence internal decision-making processes. Moreover, some of them may be formed by formerly created factions. From this perspective, many parties are also considered as coalition of factions (Leiserson, 1968 cited in Ceron, 2019).
Risk-reducing Surgery in Women at Risk for Familial Breast or Ovarian Cancer.

An estimated 5 % of breast cancers and 10 % of ovarian cancers may be due to inherited autosomal dominant breast and ovarian cancer alleles BRCA1 und BRCA2. According to population-based studies 1 or 2 women per 1000 carry such a risk allele. The cumulative cancer risk for healthy women with a BRCA-mutation is between 60 and 85 % for breast cancer and between 20 and 60 % for ovarian cancer. Recent studies have reported an increased risk for contralateral breast cancer in women after unilateral breast cancer. Since 1997 the German Cancer Aid has supported an interdisciplinary approach for high-risk women consisting of genetic testing, counselling and prevention in 12 specialised centres. Since 2005 this concept has received additional support from health insurance companies, and results have been assessed with regard to outcomes (e.g. reduced mortality due to more intensive early diagnosis). The number of centres has increased to 15 at various university hospitals. These interdisciplinary centres offer women the opportunity to participate in a structured screening programme for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and provide non-directive counselling on the options for risk-reducing surgery, e.g., prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, prophylactic bilateral mastectomy or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy after unilateral breast cancer. Such surgical interventions can significantly reduce the risk of disease, the respective disease-specific mortality and - particularly prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy - total mortality in BRCA-mutation carriers.
Evaluation of different sampling methods and results of real-time PCR for detection of feline herpes virus-1, Chlamydophila felis and Mycoplasma felis in cats.

OBJECTIVE To investigate how different sampling techniques affect detection of DNA from feline herpes virus Type 1 (FHV-1), Chlamydophila felis and Mycoplasma felis and to study the correlation between positive test results and clinical signs in cats. ANIMALS Fifty-one cats; 24 with ocular signs and 27 healthy control cats. PROCEDURES Samples were collected from all cats using cotton swabs, conjunctival and corneal biopsies, and corneal scrapings. Samples were analyzed for presence of FHV-1, C. felis, M. felis, and feline DNA, defined by 28S rDNA, by using real-time PCR. RESULTS In affected cats, FHV-1 was detected in only one cat; C. felis and M. felis were not detected in any affected cats. None of the three organisms was detected in any control cats. Feline DNA was demonstrated in all conjunctival samples, in 82% of corneal swabs, 92% of corneal scrapings, and 100% of keratectomy samples. CONCLUSIONS Because of the generally low detection rate for FHV-1, C. felis, and M. felis DNA in this study, differences regarding sampling technique could not be determined and correlation between positive test results and degree of clinical signs could not be made. Detection of feline DNA in most samples irrespective of sampling technique, suggests a low prevalence of FHV-1, C. felis and M. felis in this population of cats.
Detection of Very Virulent Strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (vvIBDV) in Commercial Broilers from Uruguay

Abstract Bursal samples were collected from commercial broiler flocks exhibiting clinical signs suggestive of infectious bursal disease (IBD). The presence of IBD virus (IBDV) was confirmed by partial amplification of the VP2 and VP1 genes by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. The Uruguayan viruses were identified as very virulent strains of IBDV (vvIBDV) by nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis. The comparison of the VP2 nucleotide sequences among the Uruguayan samples revealed the presence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms suggestive of different viral subpopulations or quasispecies in the same flock. The comparative analysis indicated that these Uruguayan viruses were genetically close to the European strain UK661 and to the vvIBDVs previously detected in Venezuela. Our analyses provided new information about the distribution, variability, and evolutionary trends of vvIBDV strains in the Americas.
Effect of pravastatin on type IV collagen secretion and mesangial cell proliferation.

BACKGROUND The mevalonate pathway is important for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids such as geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP) and farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) as well as cholesterol. It has been reported that treatment with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor ameliorates glomerular injury in several experimental models of progressive glomerular disease. The present investigation was performed to elucidate the role of mevalonate metabolites in mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation. METHOD Cycling or quiescent human mesangial cells were incubated in RPMI1640 containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS) in the absence or presence of pravastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, and mevalonate metabolites. Type IV collagen secretion and mRNA expression, [3H]-thymidine incorporation was measured. Cell cycle phases were monitored by flow cytometry. RESULTS Pravastatin inhibited FCS-stimulated type IV collagen secretion (IC50 = 210 microM) and mRNA expression. Pravastatin also inhibited FCS-stimulated [3H]-thymidine incorporation (IC50 = 430 microM). Analysis with flow cytometry revealed that pravastatin inhibited G1 to S phase transition of FCS-stimulated mesangial cells. Mevalonate reversed these inhibitory effects of pravastatin completely. Among two major metabolities of mevalonate, GGPP and FPP, only GGPP reversed pravastatin-induced inhibition of type IV collagen secretion, DNA synthesis and G1 to S phase progression. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that GGPP plays a critical role in the type IV collagen secretion and G1 to S phase transition in FCS-stimulated human mesangial cells.
Detection of measles virus genome in lymphocytes from asymptomatic healthy children

A total of 342 samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 145 healthy individuals, which we examined for the presence of measles virus genome RNA by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), to identify whether asymptomatic infection of measles virus has occurred in healthy children. Measles virus genome was detected in 11 (23.4%) of 47 nonimmunized individuals; all positives for RT‐PCR were infants who experienced measles exposure. No genome was detected in those without measles exposure. In 83 individuals immunized with measles vaccine, the vaccine strain genome was detected in 10 (71.4%) of 14 recipients whose PBMC were obtained within 2 months of vaccination. Measles wild‐type genome was detected in 36 (46.2%) of 78 individuals, 40 (25.2%) of 159 samples, who had been immunized more than 2 months before. The wild‐type measles genome was also detected in 6 (46.2%) of 13 individuals who had been infected with measles in the distant past. The measles PCR‐positive rate was not related to the period since immunization or natural infection. Sequence analysis of PCR products demonstrated they were all in the same cluster of D5 lineage, which was the circulating strain during the study period. We obtained 13 samples of nasopharyngeal secretion (NPS) simultaneously from individuals whose PBMC were positive for measles PCR but did not detect virus genome. Measles genome was, however, detected from NPS in cases of acute infection. We conclude that asymptomatic measles infection is common but would rarely become a source of transmission because of negative PCR in NPS. J. Med. Virol. 65:381–387, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.