Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation on the Additional Cost of Green Products: The Willingness to Pay of University Students

Nowadays, it is inevitable for companies to be human oriented as well as being customer oriented. Because one of the factors that provide long-term profitability is to be socially responsible. Companies perform this with the help of green marketing applications. The aim of this study is to determine the willingness to pay of university students for the additional cost of green product, and reveal consequences for companies in terms of price adjustments. In this study used convenience sampling, 10 different durable and non-durable products have been determined. Different price levels selected in order to expose price sensitivity. While determining the price categories increases in the cost of 5 % have been taken into consideration. The survey implemented to 481 participants at Sakarya University. It’s concluded that consumers are willing to pay an additional price for green products. Price sensitivity is found to be relative. Product itself is also found important as well as price. Consequently for a better environment companies keep prices at acceptable levels and consumers purchase more green products.
Magnetic actuation and transition shapes of a bistable spherical cap

Multistable shells have been proposed for a variety of applications; however, their actuation is almost exclusively addressed through embedded piezoelectric patches. Additional actuation techniques are needed for applications requiring high strains or where remote actuation is desirable. Part of the reason for the lack of research in this area is the absence of appropriate models describing the detailed deformation and energetics of such shells. This work presents a bistable spherical cap made of iron carbonyl-infused polydimethylsiloxane. The magnetizable structure can be actuated remotely through permanent magnets while the transition is recorded with a high-speed camera. Moreover, the experiment is reproduced in a finite element (FE) dynamic model for comparison with the physical observations. High-speed footage of the physical cap inversion together with the FE modeling gives valuable insight on preferable intermediate geometries. Both methods return similar values for the magnetic field strength required for the snap-through. High-strain multistable spherical cap transformation is demonstrated, based on informed material selection. We discover that non-axisymmetric transition shapes are preferred in intermediate geometries by bistable spherical caps. We develop the methods for design and analysis of such actuators, including the feasibility of remote actuation methods for multistable shells.
Wii are Out of Control: Bodies, Game Screens and the Production of Gestural Excess

This paper looks at the ways that the Nintendo Wii might shift the locus of game analysis away from the screen and more towards players' corporeal relationship to the screen. The Wii hardware and software, the television screen, the physical space and players' bodies constitute an intriguing form of kinaesthetic play that borrows from cultural fantasies about virtual reality. This play, while conditioned by the goal driven and control logics of gameplay nevertheless leads to a production of 'gestural excess' as bodies twist, contort and perform in ways that the game as such neither demands nor necessarily accommodates.
Metrology data modeling and data handling: capturing a domain model of ASML metrology in a software framework

During recent years, ASML metrology functionality has grown intensely. However, the software design principles (such as single responsibility, interface segregation, or open/closed principle) have sometimes been left unattended in favor of time to market. This hampers the implementation of functional design. This report describes the design and im-plementation of the metrology domain model. The domain model expresses core metrology entities, their attributes, behavior, and relationships. The Onion architecture model and domain-driven design (DDD) characterize the approach towards building the domain mod-el. Since this approach relies heavily on the dependency injection principle, the model be-comes a technology-independent core of the software implementation. The results of the project show how the metrology software can look in the future. With the isolated and ex-plicit domain model, software maintainability increases. Moreover, the domain model es-tablishes a ubiquitous language for different engineers, hence bringing the functional design closer to the software design.
A REVIEW OF CONSTRAINTS AND PRIORITIES IN MALAWI,

EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adult Basic Education; Developing Nations; Economic Factors; Educational Attainment; Educational Benefits; *Educational Change; Educational Finance; *Educational Policy; Educational Research; Elementary Secondary Education; Enrollment; *Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Government Role; Literacy Education; *Policy Formation; Research Needs; *Sex Fairness; Social Influences; *Womens Education IDENTIFIERS *Africa (Sub Sahara); Malawi; Zambia; Zimbabwe
Use of rapeseed and pea grain protein supplements for organic milk production

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin lypsylehmille annettavaan vakirehuun lisatyn valkuaisrehun vaikutuksia rehun syontiin, maidontuotantoon, maidon koostumukseen ja ruokinnan sulavuuteen. Nurmi-apilasailorehua annettiin vapaasti. Koeruokintoja oli kokeessa 1 nelja ja kokeessa 2 kolme. Molemmissa kokeissa lehmat saivat nurmi-apila sailorehua vapaasti ja vakirehua 8 kiloa paivassa. Kokeessa 1 kontrollivakirehuna oli ohra-kauraseos (C). Kolmessa koevakirehussa ohrakauraseosta oli korvattu joko luonnonmukaisesti tuotetuilla herneella (P), herneella ja rypsilla (PRS) tai kaupallisella rypsirouheella (RSM). Kokeessa 2 kontrollivakirehuna oli ohra-kaura-rypsipuristeseos (RSC). Kahdessa muussa koevakirehussa kaupallisen rypsipuristeen sijasta kaytetiin joko tilalla kylmapuristettua luonnonmukaisesti viljeltya rypsipuristetta (ORSC) tai kaupalliseen rypsipuristeruokintaan lisattiin rypsioljya (RSCO). Kokeessa 1 kaikki valkuaislisaysta sisaltanytta ruokintaa lisasivat hieman sailorehun syontia ja energiakorjattua maidontuotantoa (EKM). Herneruokinnoilla lehmat tuottivat lahes saman verran kuin rypsirouheruokinnoilla. Herne-rypsiseosta saaneet lehmat lypsivat eniten. RSM-ruokinnoilla valkuasipitoisuus oli korkein. Valkuaistuotoksessa ei ollut eroa valkuaislisaruokintojen valilla. Herne ja herne-rypsiseos olivat yhta hyvia valkuaislisia kuin rypsirouhe lehmien ollessa lypsykauden keskivaiheilla ja aminohappotaseen ollessa positiivinen. Kokeessa 2 tilalla kylmapuristetun luonnonmukaisen rypsipuristeen suurempi oljypitoisuus verrattuna kaupalliseen rypsipuristeeseen ei aiheuttanut haitallisia vaikutuksia. Kylmapuristettua rypsipuristetta saaneiden lehmien EKM oli yhta suuri kuin kaupallista rypsipuristetta saaneiden lehmien. Maidon koostumuksessa ei ollut myoskaan eroa naiden kahden ruokinnan valilla. Rypsioljyn lisaaminen kaupalliseen rypsipuristeruokintaan vahensi sailorehun syontia, mutta lehmien EKM oli suurin talla ruokinnalla.
Skull Stripping Using Pixel Affinity Graph Method for MRI Head Scans

Skull stripping from Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) of human head scan gives strong impact in clinical diagnosis. The Pixel affinity graph method is used as preprocessing technique, and it is applied on adjacent pixels in each row and column of the middle slice of MRI volume. By grouping the subsets through affinity on intensity found in pixels on the graph (PAG), we can locate the large connected brain portion as subset in the image. After the region of interest is located, Skull is stripped and brain portion is segmented. The proposed PAG based algorithm is validated by comparing the results obtained by the popular automated skull stripping method, Brain Extraction Tool (BET). The qualitative and quantitative results show that the proposed algorithm giving better results.
Circularly Polarized Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity-Backed Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for Wideband Wireless Applications

A circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed antenna with the feasibility of obtaining a wide bandwidth is proposed and demonstrated. Fed by a modified invertedT stripline, the proposed double-layered stacked antenna, consisting of an improved circular SIW cavity and a conventional perturbed circular patch radiator, is designed, analyzed and fabricated. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is observed. Simulation and measurement results reveal that the proposed antenna can provide an impedance bandwidth of 22.1% (4.94–6.17 GHz) and a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 18.7% (5–6.03 GHz). Additionally, within the effective circular polarization (CP) bandwidth of 18.7% (5–6.03 GHz), the proposed antenna has gains from 4.3 dBic to 7.1 dBic with an average gain of 5.9 dBic. The measured CP bandwidth of 18.7% (5–6.03 GHz) not only meets the need for certain Wi-Fi (5.2/5.8 GHz) or WiMAX (5.5 GHz) band communication application, but also provides the potential to implement multiservice transmission.
Series 2012 / 005 The International Market for MBA Qualifications

This paper explores the relationship between fees charged by MBA programmes and the number of applications to these programmes, using a panel dataset comprising universities from countries across the world. Using Three-Stage-Least-Squares methods for simultaneous equations, we find a two-way relationship between fees and applications: higher application numbers encourage universities to charge higher fees in the future, but higher fees in turn curtail application numbers. Of particular note are the results pertaining to additional explanatory variables that potentially represent MBA programme quality signals to applicants. We find evidence that higher GMAT scores of existing students increase applications, as do higher post MBA salaries. Meanwhile, university and programme professional accreditations do not impact on student application choices, nor do alumni ratings of programme quality. Published MBA programme rankings appear to have little impact on applications, and where an effect can be identified, it appears that a better ranking discourages applications. JEL Classification: I21, D12.
Globalization, Education Governance, and Citizenship Regimes: New Democratic Defi cits and Social Injustices

On-Line Papers – Copyright This online paper may be cited or briefly quoted in line with the usual academic conventions, and for personal use. However, this paper must not be published elsewhere (such as mailing lists, bulletin boards etc.) without the author’s explicit permission. If you copy this paper, you must: • include this copyright note. • not use the paper for commercial purposes or gain in any way. • observe the conventions of academic citation in a version of the following: Robertson, Susan L. , ‘Globalisation, Education Governance and Citizenship Regimes: New Democratic Deficits and Social Injustices’, published by the Centre for Globalisation, Education and Societies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1JA, UK at: http://www.bris. ac.uk/education/people/academicStaff/edslr/publications/11slr/
Frustration and entanglement in the t2g spin-orbital model on a triangular lattice : Valence-bond and generalized liquid states

We consider the spin--orbital model for a magnetic system with singly occupied but triply degenerate $t_{2g}$ orbitals coupled into a planar, triangular lattice, as would be exemplified by NaTiO$_2$. We investigate the ground states of the model for interactions which interpolate between the limits of pure superexchange and purely direct exchange interactions. By considering ordered and dimerized states at the mean--field level, and by interpreting the results from exact diagonalization calculations on selected finite systems, we demonstrate that orbital interactions are always frustrated, and that orbital correlations are dictated by the spin state, manifesting an intrinsic entanglement of these degrees of freedom. In the absence of Hund coupling, the ground state changes from a highly resonating, dimer--based, symmetry--restored spin and orbital liquid phase, to one based on completely static, spin--singlet valence bonds. The generic properties of frustration and entanglement survive even when spins and orbitals are nominally decoupled in the ferromagnetic phases stabilized by a strong Hund coupling. By considering the same model on other lattices, we discuss the extent to which frustration is attributable separately to geometry and to interaction effects.
Reproductive plasticity in an Amazonian palm

Question: How plastic is the reproductive strategy of palm trees? Hypothesis: The onset of reproduction and sex allocation depend on both the size and the type of environment that determines the availability of resources. Organisms: The palm tree Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng. It grows in both primary forests and disturbed sites. in a wide range of edaphic and climatic conditions. Field site: The Brazilian state of Para near the town of Maraba. on the commune of Benfica. The pioneer front. i.e. where primary or slightly degraded rain forest is turned into pastures by recently settled farmers. Methods: Deforestation was used as a large-scale experiment. The effect of size (number of leaves or total height) on the onset of reproduction and sex allocation was compared in three environments: a forest. a partially invaded pasture and a pure stand of palm tree (babassual). Conclusions: Reproduction starts at smaller sizes in the pasture and the babassual than in the forest. with height being a better predictor of reproduction than number of leaves in the forest. Male reproduction starts at smaller heights than female reproduction in the pasture and the babassual but not in the forest.
A new sustainable governance approach for industrial areas in Italy

The presence of a productive area in a territory generates changes to the elements that make up that ecological environment, to the economic flow and to the supply and demand of social services. The three systems, Environmental, Social and Economic, are often interdependent, and the changes they undergo, due to the presence of an industrial area, may be negative on a system, meanwhile positive on another, or manifest diverse effects over time. But they cannot be ignored by a logic of sharing and partnership between installed businesses, institutions and public companies that operate in this context and other parties present, in order to achieve new models of development that point towards economy widespread, the ability to improve the quality of life and economic future of our cities. The new sustainable governance approach for industrial area in Italy (APEA model) proposed, aims to develop innovation in production, strengthening research and development already carried out by leading companies in the territory, focusing attention and using available resources to save energy and concentrate on renewable sources as an opportunity for a wide range of innovations not only linked to the energy field, by also to production processes, the civil sector and transport. This approach, in line with the principles of Industrial Ecology, offers a valid alternative to achieve the goals of sustainability in this sector, by adopting the principle of precaution and prevention of pollution and abandoning the end-of-pipe approach that is typical of traditional linear production systems.
Nonlinear Galerkin methods based on the concept of determining modes for the magnetohydrodynamic equations

A new nonlinear Galerkin method based on an approximate inertial manifold and on a finite number of determining modes has been implemented for the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations. It is found that these active modes, which regulate the dynamics of the system, are not necessarily those with the smallest wavenumbers but those containing most of the time-averaged enstrophy. It is demonstrated that owing to the reduced number of equations the modified nonlinear Galerkin method, which includes only these determining modes in a truncation, improves the computational efficiency in comparison with the traditional Galerkin method.
The Right Man for the Job Coen N . Teulings

This paper describes a search model with a continuum of worker and job types, free entry, and transferable utility. We apply a second order Taylor expansion to characterize the equilibrium, derive the "cost of search" and show that it is decreasing in the substitutability of worker types. This cost of search is then decomposed into three components: unemployment, vacancy costs and mismatch. Our contact technology rules out congestion effects between different worker types and therefore exhibits increasing returns to scale. One third of those increasing returns in contacts are shown to be absorbed by firms and workers being more choosy. The resulting equilibrium is not efficient. Unemployment benefits can reduce the loss by serving as a search subsidy. Numerical simulations of the model show that our Taylor expansions are quite accurate.
Economic Implications of Statistical Quality Control: Lessons for Manufacturers in Nigeria

This study examined the economic implications of statistical quality control. It applied the literature study method. The study highlights the methods of statistical quality control as well as the economic benefits derivable from the use of and adherence to the processes of quality control in general and scientific and statistical quality control in particular. Quality consciousness, consumers’ satisfaction, cost reduction and optimum utilization of resources are some of the numerous economic benefits of scientific and statistical quality control. While wastages, decrease in sales and decrease in profitability are some adverse economic implementations of the absence of or neglect to use statistical quality control in an organization. The campaign for quality assurance should be driven to the grass root for all and sundry, especially the manufacturing sector, to become conversant with the need for quality products, services and results delivery. This will make their product compete favourably with foreign products.
Dediscretization of Distributions Arising in Macroevolution Models

The standard birth-death process with intensities of moder ate growth gen- erates stationary skewed distributions suitable for model ling frequency distributions of events arising in large-scale biomolecular systems. We study a large class of such distributions that can be used to model, for instance, frequency distributions of the number of expressed genes in the transcriptome, the number of protein domain occurrences in the proteomes, etc. In the present paper a new dediscretization approach is suggested, discussed and applied to the chosen class. This approach conserves the qualitative properties of the original class of distributions. The advantages of the approach consist in following: 1. It simplifies the form of distributions; 2. It allows simple mathematical analysis of the properties of the original class by applying the tools mathematical analysis continuous functions 3. It allows to find out the optimal form of stationary distributions, i.e. suggests new classes of distributions for biomolecular applications. The deviations of the dediscretized continuous distributi on functions from the original distribution functions is estimated. Several typical examples are considered which illustrate t he possibilities of the dediscretization approach. The reverse procedure to dediscretization, i.e. the procedure of discretization, back to discrete distributions is described.
Dissolution modes of droplets on patterned surfaces

Evaporating droplets have many applications within the industry and droplets evaporating in air have been extensively studied. However droplets surrounded by another liquid have been studied less. Due to the emergence of the microand nanotechnology many research groups have shown interest in the contact line dynamics of surface nanodroplets and nanobubbles. Understanding of the contact line dynamics will be beneficial and relevant to diverse industries. Surface droplets dissolve in four different modes: the constant radius (CR) mode, the constant contact angle (CA) mode, the stick-slide mode and the stick-jump mode. In this thesis we study the dissolution of these sessile droplets both numerically and experimentally. We employ the lattice Boltzmann model together with an evaporation model that has been developed by Hessling et al. [1] to study the contact line dynamics of dissolving sessile droplets on chemically patterned surfaces. At first we study a droplet placed in the system center in still fluid, i.e. we study the classical Epstein-Plesset [2] problem. From this benchmark we learn that the measured diffusion constant is not equal to the actual diffusivity in the system. We find that as the distance of the droplet to the boundary of the system increases, the measured diffusivity gets smaller. This is due to the infinite system size assumption in the theory. By patterning surfaces we are able to study the dissolution modes of surface droplets. We achieve the CA mode by simulating droplets on flat surfaces with different wettability. We simulate droplets dissolve in the CR mode, by depositing the droplet on a hydrophylic disk, and the droplet gets pinned at the rim of the hydrophylic disk. The rest of the surface is hydrophobic. When the droplet depins, the droplet further dissolves in the CA mode. Thus this resembles what we call the stick-slide mode. We find that the droplets dissolve faster in the CR mode than the CA mode. We then continue by patterning the surface with concentric rings, which consists of hydrophylic and hydrophobic rings. We deposit the droplet on the outer most hydrophylic ring, and find that the droplet depins and thereafter “jumps” to the next available hydrophylic disk on the surface. This implies that the droplet dissolve in the stick-jump mode, if there are more hydrophylic disks on the surface. Experimentally we prepare the samples with an chemical etching process which leads to pyramidal hillock formation on the samples. We measure the contact angle hysteresis. Due to random distribution of the pyramidal hillocks on the surface, the measurements result in a large spread of the data, i.e. we do not find any consistent result between etching time and contact angle hysteresis. On average the hysteresis does increase after etching the samples. Furthermore from dissolution experiments we find that the droplets solely dissolve in the stick-slide mode and the stick-jump mode. Also from this data we do not find any consistency between pinning behaviour and etching time of the samples.
CONTROLLER TUNING IN MULTI-ROUTER NETWORKS

The importance of correct tuning on congestion controllers in multi-router networks is studied here. More precisely, the effect of tuning is illustrated by using a simple two-router example, with the controller parameters selected using standard tuning rules for each router. The simulated results show how the performance would deteriorate in practice, due to the interaction between the routers and the inherent variabilities of the process. On the other hand, with the controller structured proposed by the authors robust stability and performance are obtained, even in the presence of wide variations in the network parameters. Keyword: congestion control, PID, router, bottleneck.