Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metallic And Plastic Landmine-Like Objects Assessment Using Gpr Technique

Landmine problems are one of the most severe crises in the world. Recently, GPR is successfully applied as a noninvasive technique to detect different types of landmines. Samples of metallic and plastic landmine-like objects have been buried in dry sand similar to that exist in the western desert of Egypt. Three different GPR frequencies have been tested to locate the buried landmine and to establish the landmine objects properties. It has been found that the low frequency is not efficient in exploring small landmine targets, while very high frequency is drastically attenuating without giving an adequate resolution. The relative contrast in dielectric constant between the landmine and host soil is imperative aspect for applications of GPR technique. Most of plastic landmines showed dielectric constant close to that of the host soil. The metallic landmines were easily seen as they have much higher dielectric constant relative to the host soil. This fact is critical in choosing the season of the year which is better for conducting the GPR technique to different landmine types. The responses of GPR technique for metallic and plastic landmine-like objects buried in wet and dry environments have been achieved using field data and synthetic simulations. The wet environment decreases the GPR resolution of metallic body, while it increases the capability of the GPR to detect plastic bodies.
Reﬂections on Intergenerational Trauma: Healing as a Critical Intervention

The high numbers of Aboriginal children placed in provincial and territorial care demonstrates the need for effective interventions that directly address the legacy of trauma from colonialization. This paper argues that healing is a critical component of any intervention seeking to help Aboriginal Peoples and their children. Research on healing and recent government initiatives and legislation directed at preserving traditional Aboriginal healing practices are discussed. This article concludes with recommendations for various community members involved in the healing of Aboriginal Peoples.
Cigarette smoke pollution promotes oxidative stress imbalance and hormonal changes affecting pregnancy outcome in rats

Background : The deleterious effect of cigarette smoke on several health parameters due to pollution of air is of international concern. How these affect all living organisms and their wellbeing is a major research area. The development of oxidative stress, alteration in lipid peroxidation, thyroid and pregnancy hormone pattern was examined in pregnant rats exposed to cigarette smoke throughout the gestation period. Methods : Cigarette smoke exposed and control pregnant rats were sacrificed at gestational day 6, 12 and 20. Serum was collected for hormonal assay. Some vital organs were also dissected out, homogenized and used for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation assay. Gestational weights, corporal luteum and implanted embryos were also recorded. Results : There was a significant increased loss of corpora lutea, embryonic implants and a disruption of the hormonal pattern of LH, progesterone and estradiol during pregnancy in cigarette smoke exposed rats. A significant increase in serum cortisol and brain tissue level of MDA, SOD and a significant decrease in GSH in cigarette smoke exposed rats was recorded. Conclusion : Exposing pregnant rats to cigarette smoke precipitated oxidative stress, early loss of corpora lutea, disruption in hormonal pattern and an increasing loss of embryonic implants. Keywords : Cigarette smoke, implantation, corpus luteum, pregnancy, female sex hormone, thyroid hormone, oxidative stress
Anaerobic Acclimation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ANOXICGENEEXPRESSION,HYDROGENASEINDUCTION,ANDMETABOLICPATHWAYS *

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic microbes experience conditions of anoxia, especially during the night when photosynthetic activity ceases. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, dark anoxia is characterized by the activation of an extensive set of fermentation pathways that act in concert to provide cellular energy, while limiting the accumulation of potentially toxic fermentative products. Metabolite analyses, quantitative PCR, and high density Chlamydomonas DNA microarrays were used to monitor changes in metabolite accumulation and gene expression during acclimation of the cells to anoxia. Elevated levels of transcripts encoding proteins associated with the production of H2, organic acids, and ethanol were observed in congruence with the accumulation of fermentation products. The levels of over 500 transcripts increased significantly during acclimation of the cells to anoxic conditions. Among these were transcripts encoding transcription/translation regulators, prolyl hydroxylases, hybrid cluster proteins, proteases, transhydrogenase, catalase, and several putative proteins of unknown function. Overall, this study uses metabolite, genomic, and transcriptome data to provide genome-wide insights into the regulation of the complex metabolic networks utilized by Chlamydomonas under the anaerobic conditions associated with H2 production.
Relocalization of STIM1 for Activation of Store-operated Ca 2 Entry Is Determined by the Depletion of Subplasma

STIM1 (stromal interacting molecule 1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that controls store-operated Ca 2 entry (SOCE), redistributes into punctae at the cell periphery after store depletion. This redistribution is suggested to have a causal role in activation of SOCE. However, whether periph- eral STIM1 punctae that are involved in regulation of SOCE are determined by depletion of peripheral or more internal ER has not yet been demonstrated. Here we show that Ca 2 depletion in subplasma membrane ER is sufficient for periph- eral redistribution of STIM1 and activation of SOCE. 1 M thapsigargin (Tg) induced substantial depletion of intracellu- lar Ca 2 stores and rapidly activated SOCE. In comparison, 1 nM Tg induced slower, about 60 -70% less Ca 2 depletion but similar SOCE. SOCE was confirmed by measuring ISOC in addition to Ca 2 ,M n 2 , and Ba 2 entry. Importantly, 1 nM Tg caused redistribution of STIM1 only in the ER-plasma mem- brane junction, whereas 1 M Tg caused a relatively global relo- calization of STIM1 in the cell. During the time taken for STIM1 relocalization and SOCE activation, 1 nM Bodipy-fluorescein Tg primarily labeled the subplasma membrane region, whereas 1 M Tg labeled the entire cell. The localization of Tg in the sub- plasma membrane region was associated with depletion of ER in this region and activation of SOCE. Together, these data suggest that peripheral STIM1 relocalization that is causal in regulation of SOCE is determined by the status of (Ca 2 ) in the ER in close
Amino acid requirements of growing pigs 5. The interaction between isoleucine and leucine

Thirty-two female growing pigs (25 to 55 kg live weight) were subjected to four dietary treatments combining two levels of isoleucine and two levels of leucine to investigate the effects of leucine supply on the requirement for isoleucine. Results for daily live-weight gain, food conversion efficiency and carcass quality judged by ham dissection indicated that 3·8 g isoleucine per kg diet was marginally adequate for the growing pig in diets containing 13·4 g leucine per kg. An interaction between dietary leucine and isoleucine was demonstrated. Increasing the dietary leucine concentration to 20·4 g/kg clearly resulted in a deficiency of isoleucine in the basal diet, as daily gain, food conversion efficiency and carcass quality were significantly improved by increasing the isoleucine concentration from 3·8 g to 4·5 g/kg diet. Dietary leucine concentration did not influence performance at the higher level of isoleucine supply. Changes in plasma urea and amino acid concentrations confirmed the findings from the growth experiment of the interaction between isoleucine, leucine and valine.
Relationship between polymorphism sites of adiponection and it′s receptor gene and the susceptibility of colorectal cancer

Objective: To explore the relationship between polymorphisms in adiponection and adiponection receptor gene and risk of colorectal cancer.Methods: A total of 370 patients with colorectal cancer and 370 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study,DNA was isolated from 3 ml whole blood obtained from each individuals,and the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) was applied to detect the genotype of the polymorphisms in adiponection(rs266729,rs822395,rs822396,rs2241766,rs1501299)and adiponection receptor gene(rs12733285,rs1342387). The frequencies distribution of all genotypes in cancer and control group were compared.Results: There was significant difference of genotype distributions for the polymorphism site(rs12733285) in adiponection receptor gene in the colorectal cancer group(CC 91.89%,CT 8.11%,TT 0.0%)and control group(CC 86.49%,CT 13.51%,TT 0.0%)(χ2=5.61,P=0.018);② There was significant difference distribution of rs1342387 polymorphism in adiponection receptor gene genotypes in cancer group(GG 48.65%,AG 38.92%,AA 12.43%)and control group(GG 37.84%,AG 46.49%,AA 15.68%)(χ2=8.87,P=0.012). ③ The CT genotype of rs12733285 was associated with decreased CRC risk(CT versus CC:adjusted OR=0.56,95% CI=0.35-0.91),and the AG and AA genotypes of rs1342387 were associated with decreased CRC risk(AG versus GG: adjusted OR=0.66,95% CI=0.48-0.90;AA versus GG: adjusted OR=0.62,95% CI=0.39-0.98;AG/AA versus GG: adjusted OR=0.65,95% CI=0.48-0.87). ④No significant difference of genotype frequencies distribution was observed for the polymorphism sites in adiponection gene between cancer group and control group.Conclusion: Polymorphism sites in adiponection receptor gene(rs12733285、rs1342387) were associated with colorectal cancer risk.
Implementation of the SVM algorithm for high energy physics data analysis

Elementary particle physics experiments, searching for very rare processes require the efficientanalysis and selection algorithms able to separate signal from the overwhelming background. Inthe last ten years a number of powerful kernel-based learning machines, like Support VectorMachines (SVM), have been developed. SVM approach to signal and background separation isbased on building a separating hyperplane defined by the support vectors. The margin betweenthem and the hyperplane is maximized. The extensions to a non-linear separation are performed bymapping the input vectors into a high dimensional space, in which data can be linearly separated.The use of kernel functions allows us to perform computations in a high dimension feature spacewithout explicitly knowing a mapping function.We have implemented an SVM algorithm and integrated it with the CERN ROOT package,which is currently a standard analysis tool used by elementary particle physicists. We also used theimplemented SVM package to identify hadronic decays of τ leptons in the ATLAS experiment atLHC accelerator. The performance of the method is compared to the likelihood estimator, whichdoes not take into account correlations between variables. The use of SVM significantly reducesthe number of background events.
Apport de la spectroscopie diélectrique basse fréquence dans l'analyse de matériaux isolants à forte permittivité

Les travaux presentes dans ce manuscrit sont centres sur l'analyse dielectrique de deux familles de materiaux dielectriques en couche mince et a forte permittivite : la premiere concerne des perovskites de type SrTiO3 et la seconde est un nanocomposite constitue d'une matrice de carbone amorphe contenant des particules metalliques de nickel. Concernant les couches SrTiO3, elaborees par IBS (Ion Beam sputtering) au CEA-Leti a Grenoble, les proprietes dielectriques (constante dielectrique ', pertes '' et facteur de dissipation tan) sont analysees en fonction de la frequence, de la temperature de fonctionnement, de la temperature de recuit des couches et de l'epaisseur des couches. Les changements dielectriques observes sont discutes en fonction de la cristallinite du materiau, de mecanismes de relaxation interfaciale, de contrainte mecanique, de la migration de lacunes d'oxygene, de l'existence d'une couche interfaciale de permittivite moderee. Concernant les couches composites nickel/carbone amorphe, elaborees au LEMD dans un reacteur plasma microonde de type DECR (distributed electron cyclotron resonance), les analyses dielectriques ont permis de mettre en evidence un fort mecanisme de polarisation interfaciale dans ces composites. Les resultats sont discutes en fonction du taux de nickel incorpore dans la matrice. Ce manuscrit se termine par une presentation de perspectives interessantes d'etude de proprietes dielectriques concernant des materiaux (i) a faible permittivite, (ii) a forte permittivite et (iii) nanocomposites. Ainsi sont presentes des travaux preliminaires menes sur des films de parylene (polymere utilise entre autres dans des lentilles liquides), une suggestion de continuite d'etudes sur les couches de type SrTiO3, des travaux sur des oxydes a forte permittivite Ta2O5 (integration high  dans des circuits integres) et enfin plusieurs etudes concernant des nanocomposites (metal/carbone amorphe, silice/silicone, resine epoxy/nanotubes de carbone, composites polymeres/particules non lineaires).
Secretion of plant cell wall polysaccharides by the Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat cells

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF FIGURES. viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . x ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . xiii 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 THE PLANT CELL WALL . 1 1.1.1 Structure and synthesis of the plant cell wall . 1 1.1.2 Studying polysaccharides within the context of the cell wall . 5 1.2 THE SECRETION OF MATRIX POLYSACCHARIDES . 7 1.2.1 The Golgi apparatus as a major site of polysaccharide production . 7 1.2.2 The structure and function of the plant Golgi apparatus . 8 1.2.3 Post-Golgi traffic. 10 1.2.4 Vesicle targeting and the cytoskeleton. 13 1.3 POLARIZED SECRETION IN PLANTS . 15 1.4 THE ARABIDOPSIS SEED COAT . 18 1.4. 1 Polysaccharide components of Arabidopsis seed coat mucilage. 19 1.5 OBJECTIVES. 21 1.5. 1 Question 1: How does the Golgi apparatus change as the level of matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis and secretion changes? 22 1.5. 2 Questions 2: Are there individual Golgi stacks in the cell dedicated to producing specific matrix polysaccharides? 23 1.5. 3 Question 3: How does the plant cell ensure that carbohydrates produced in the Golgi apparatus arrive at a specific cell wall domain? Is the mobility of the Golgi stacks a mechanism of plant secretion? 23 1.5. 4 Question 5: How does the distinct cytoskeletal arrangement observed in the seed coat epidermal cells affect secretion? 24 1.5. 5 Question 6: How does the seed coat accommodate the secretion of both mucilage and mucilage-modifying enzymes such as MUM2? 24 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS. 28 2.1 ARABIDOPSIS GROWTH AND FLOWER DEVELOPMENT STAGING . 28 2.1.1 Plant material and growth conditions. 28 2.1.2 Staging of flower age . 28 2.2 MICROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES . 29 2.2.1 Ruthenium red staining . 29 2.2.2 High-pressure freezing, freeze substitution and embedding . 29 2.2.3 Electron tomography. 30 2.3 QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES. 31 2.3. 1 Golgi stack and electron-dense vesicle density analysis . 31 2.3. 2 Statistical analysis . 32 v 2.4 IMMUNOLABELLING TECHNIQUES FOR MICROSCOPY. 33 2.4. 1 Primary antibodies . 33 2.4. 2 Intact whole seed and mucilage immunolabelling. 34 2.4. 3 Immunofluorescence of thick sections. 35 2.4. 4 Immunogold labeling for TEM. 36 2.4. 5 Immunofluorescent labeling of whole mount, developing seeds for intracellular observations with confocal microscopy. 37 2.5 CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF MUM2-HIS . 38 2.5. 1 Epitope tagging of MUM2. 38 2.5. 2 Immunoblotting to test for 6xHis labeling . 39 2.5. 2.1 Yeast controls.39 2.5. 2.2 Leaf press immunoblot . 40 2.5. 2.3 Leaf extracts . 40 2.5. 2.4 Dot blots . 41 3 ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE GOLGI APPARATUS IN THE ARABIDOPSIS SEED COAT. 43 3.
Predictable design for real-time systems

Predictable Design for Real-Time Systems The complexity of real-time embedded systems has motivated the research on frameworks and techniques to structure and automate their design process. Having such frameworks is especially important for embedded and safety-critical systems which are hard to design correctly within tight time-to-market constraints. Design methodologies reduce the risk of expensive design iterations by supporting designers in constructing models. Software/Hardware Engineering (SHE) is a generalpurpose system-level design methodology that enables analysis of both functional correctness and performance properties. By using SHE, the designer is assisted in constructing models and applying analysis techniques with various guidelines and modelling patterns. A key feature of SHE is its foundation on formal methods, which ensures that the obtained analysis results are unambiguous. SHE also includes guidelines and techniques for automatic synthesis of real-time control software, which is again based on formal methods to ensure that properties in a model (including timing related properties) are preserved in the software realisation. This thesis contributes to both the modelling and analysis phase of the design, as well as to the correct synthesis towards an efficient software implementation of a system. To ensure the correctness and the performance properties of real-time embedded systems, early evaluation of their properties is needed. To achieve this, we have developed a set of language-independent modelling patterns to enable easy creation of models for design space exploration. The modelling patterns cover typical realtime system components as they are considered in classical scheduling theory, such as periodic and aperiodic tasks, computation and communication resources, input event generators, and output event collectors. Furthermore, we have designed a Pattern-based system Description Language (PDL) which can be used to describe a real-time system in terms of the patterns needed and the values of their parameters. This language is easy to use and it does not require knowledge of any of the modelling languages typically used for analysis of real-time systems. Its main advantage is that it enables automatic generation of models in different modelling languages. As an example, we present an implementation of the modelling patterns in the general purpose formal modelling language called Parallel Object Specification Language (POOSL), which is underlying the SHE methodology, together with a tool that translates a PDL description into a POOSL model. Due to the expressiveness of the POOSL language, the models generated are appropriate for both hard and soft real-time systems as they enable analysis of both worst-case and average case behaviour of a system, ensuring a correct dimensioning of the final product.
Variation in Great Tit Nest Mass and Composition and Its Breeding Consequences: A Comparative Study in four Mediterranean Habitats

Bird nests are structures whose properties affect breeding performance. Thus, the vast majority of bird species build their own characteristic nests, selecting appropriate materials to do so. However, in habitats where the availability of “ideal” materials is low, some ability to use alternative ones would be necessary, even at the cost of having breeding success reduced. The Great Tit (Parus major) breeds under widely different environmental conditions. Its nests are althought to be composed mainly of moss, although very few studies have quantified nest composition. Our target here was describing Great Tit nest mass and composition in four different Mediterranean habitats, and exploring their fitness consequences. We recorded the basic breeding parameters, collected nests after fledging, and decomposed a sample of them, in four eastern Spanish populations: Pina (pines and oaks), Mariola (pines), Font Roja (holm oaks), and Sagunto (orange trees). Nests were heavier in Sagunto and Mariola and lighter in Font Roja, and those from Sagunto had the lowest amount of moss. Clutch size decreased as moss mass increased in the four sites. In Sagunto, hatching success increased as moss mass increased. In all habitats, nestling condition was lower when the amount of sticks and feathers was higher. We conclude that Great Tit nest mass and composition varies considerably between habitats, and the amount of different materials could affect different breeding parameters.
Biosynthesis and Regulation of Secondary Terpenoid Metabolism in Plants

As the most diverse natural organic compounds, plant secondary metabolites play critical roles in regulating plant growth and development, facilitating environmental adaptation and defending against insects and pathogens. Terpenoids constitute one of the largest families of secondary metabolites, and have important physiological and ecological functions. Some of them even show great pharmaceutical values. In recent decades, great achievements have been made in isolation and characterization of terpenoids, elucidation of their biosynthetic pathways and regulation mechanisms, as well as genetic engineering. This review discusses recent progress in terpenoid metabolism and regulation.
A Carbon-enhanced Lyman Limit System: Signature of the First Generation of Stars?

We present the study of a Lyman limit system (LLS) at zabs = 1.5441 toward quasar J134122.50+185213.9 observed with VLT X-shooter. This is a very peculiar system with strong C i absorption seen associated with a neutral hydrogen column density of log N(H i) (cm−2) = 18.10, too small to shield the gas from any external UV flux. The low-ionization absorption lines exhibit a simple kinematic structure consistent with a single component. Using CLOUDY models to correct for ionization, we find that the ionization parameter of the gas is in the range −4.5 < log U < –4.2 and the gas density –1.5 < log n(H) (cm−3) < –1.2. The models suggest that carbon is overabundant relative to iron, [C/Fe] > +2.2 at [Fe/H] ∼–1.6. Such a metal abundance pattern is reminiscent of carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars detected in the Galaxy halo. Metal enrichment by the first generation of supernovae provide a plausible explanation for the inferred abundance pattern in this system.
Star-shaped patterns caused by colloidal aggregation during the spreading process of a droplet

In this study, we discovered that, when an acidic solution with a low surface tension spreads on the surface of a glycerol solution mixed with milk, a star-shaped pattern is spontaneously formed on the surface in the horizontal plane during the spreading process. We experimentally investigated the emergence of the star-shaped pattern caused by an interfacial instability by using glycerol and aqueous 2-methoxyethanol solutions, which are acidic solutions; we chose the viscosity of the glycerol solution and concentration of both solutions as free parameters. The result demonstrated that the star-shaped pattern emerged when the concentration of 2-methoxyethanol was high. We proposed a phenomenological model based on our experimental results, which explains the following three points: the spreading of the aqueous 2-methoxyethanol solution on the surface of the glycerol solution; colloidal aggregation of the milk protein colloids caused by the denaturation that occurs when mixed with 2-methoxyethanol; accumulation of the aggregates toward the dent regions of the moving interface by a sweeping effect. The model reproduced the star-shaped pattern, which was similar to the experimental one. Furthermore, the concentration of the 2-methoxyethanol solution and the viscosity of the glycerol solution were taken as control parameters in our experiments and were varied, and a phase diagram was obtained. The phase diagram was similar to that obtained from our experiments. The results suggest that the above three points are important for the formation of the star-shaped pattern.