Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advanced Line-Follower Robot

In this research, an Advanced Line-follower Robot (ALFR) was designed and built. The ALFR mainly consists of the sensor array (QTR-8A), the high-performance microchips (TMS320f28335, TMS320f28069) and two motors (BLY172S-24V-4000). The ALFR keeps the basic function of the Line-follower Robot (LFR) but applies more advanced control theories, such as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) and Iterative Learning Control (ILC). PID and ADRC have been tested in the ALFR. The ALFR control problems and the results have been discussed in this thesis. Suggestions are also provided for research on unsolved problems. In particular, the mathematical models of ALFR have been established for both position and speed control. The solutions based on PID, ADRC and ILC are proposed and tested in simulation. The main objective of this thesis is realized in combining methods from control theories with realities in the context of formulating and solving practical problems in a physical process.
Peningkatan pertumbuhan dan kadar flavonoid total tanaman bayam merah ( Amaranthus gangeticus L . ) dengan pemberian pupuk nitrogen Ambar Pratiwi

Red amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus L.) is a vegetable that has been frequently consumed. Flavonoid compounds are very usefull to the health, such as antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial. Biosynthesis of flavonoids in the plant is influenced by environmental factors, one of which is a nutrient that is nitrogen. Enhanced shoot growth and decrease in flavonoid content under high nitrogen supply was observed. This study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the content of flavonoids in red amaranth leaves. In this research, red amaranth seed planting with the addition of nitrogen fertilizers of different concentrations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) from week 1 through week 5. Penulis korespondesi: Ambar Pratiwi Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo,S.H. , Janturan, Yogyakarta Email: ambar@bio.uad. ac.id ISSN: 2088 4559; e-ISSN: 2477 0256 Pharmaciana Vol. 7, No. 2, Mei 2017, Hal. 87 – 94 88 The leaves are harvested to extract and analyze the content of flavonoids with aluminum chloride method. The parameters measured were the growth of a red amaranth plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, and content of flavonoids. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer application significantly increases the growth and flavonoids in red amaranth.
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF ALUMINUM (Al3+) PHYTOTOXICITY IN CEREALS: PHYSIOLOGICAL, GENETIC AND MOLECULAR BASES

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the main factors limiting crop productivity in acid soils around the world. In cereals, this problem can affect between 30 and 40% of crop yields. One way to reduce the toxic effect of Al is to neutralize the acidity with calcareous amendments. However, this practice is demanding and not very effective. An alternative is the search for genetic variability in the genome of cropping grasses and/or their wild relatives to resist Al. The development of biotechnology and molecular genetics approach has facilitated the understanding of the physiological, genetic and molecular bases in the process of ameliorating these species. This review presents the main physiological mechanisms of Al resistance and the genetic and molecular bases that explain the degree of resistance between different cereals species.
Bayesian Skew Normal Seemingly Unrelated Regression Modelling of Gross Regional Domestic Product

The assumption of the error normality in the regression model was often questioned especially in cases where there was an outlier, which causes the behavior of asymmetric data. To overcome this, without data transformation, we could use skew distribution. This distribution was very important and applicable in various fields of science such as finance, economics, actuarial science, medicine, biology, investment. Skew Normal distributions had been proven to have a convenient for calculating bias in data with asymmetric behavior. This study aims to model SUR with Skew Normal error using Bayesian approach applied to East Java GRDP data. This study would compared two types of models, namely models with Normal distributed errors and models with Skew Normal distributed errors. The result of parameter estimation with Bayesian approach shows that SUR Skew Normal model was more suitable for East Java GRDP modeling rather than using normal error model. This was based on their smaller Root of Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value. Â
Assessment of the Recovering Effects of Protected Areas Using a Multiple Functional Approaches: The Bamboung Model (Senegal, West Africa)

The Bamboung protected area (Senegal, West Africa) has been implemented in 2003. However, little is known about its recovering effects on fish assemblage functional diversity. To address this issue, a morphology-based functional grouping was adopted, and results were compared to prior classifications. Functional richness relative to each guild and species abundance was used to define a functional redundancy index. Morphometric measurements were done in the field on freshly killed specimens and completed by digital image processing using the Image-J software in laboratory. Data relative to biomass and abundance were obtained from the IRD (Research Institute for Development) / Adaptive Response of Fish Assemblages to the Environmental Pressure (RAP) Unit-Research database. Hierarchical clustering, analysis using the ward method, was applied to the matrix of morphological traits to discriminate fish assemblages into four functional guilds: zoobenthos feeders, algivorous / detritivorous fish, benthopelagic fish, and demersal and ichthyophagous fish. The new functional grouping reduced fish assemblage complexity to smaller and more significant units than those obtained from previous gut-content based-classification, and the modifications affecting fish biomass distribution after fishing ban, marked by large predatory fishes domination appeared more perceptible. Classification based on fish life-history traits showed similar results with a domination of fish assemblages by marine species of larger size and upper trophic level. However, this latter approach is still relevant as it provides significant information on fish species mobility and community dynamics. Major observed changes occurred after one to three years of protection. The total fish biomass varied from 6458 kg.km-2 in 2003 to 3114 kg.km-2 in 2007. We hypothesized that collapse in total fish biomass may be explained by predation pressure in the system. Species richness varied from 51 in 2003 to 72 in 2007, while the functional redundancy index showed a decreasing trend indicating a functional diversification in the system subsequent to the reserve establishment. The present study highlights the relevance of multiple approaches model in addressing dynamics of complex systems. However, the present trend does not presage the future evolution in the system, many reserves take over a decade to get a stable state.
Novel Delivery Systems in Cancer Chemotherapy

The development of drug delivery systems for cancer therapeutics has improved the therapeutic efficacy of existing chemotherapies and also resulted in the creation of new ones. A variety of these technologies are already in clinical use, including controlled delivery systems for cancer drugs, localized chemotherapy systems, polymer-drug conjugates, liposomal systems, and trans dermal drug delivery patches. The possibility of targeting the delivery of cancer drugs to tumor tissues may be realized by using specific polymer-drug conjugates or by manipulating the physicochemical properties of polymers or liposomal systems to match the tumor environment. A controlled release microchip has been developed that can dispense one or more drugs as needed and represents the next generation of âsmartâ drug delivery approaches. Drug-delivery systems have had a growing influence on the clinical application of cancer therapeutics for several decades, and novel delivery systems now have been used by millions of patients.
Cost-effectiveness analysis and its application for policy evaluation for medicine or public health

In comparison to the policy for other field, the policy for medicine and public health is to consider the value of life or the value of the quality of life. Quality of life is very well known as a concept of QOL. Also, Quality Adjusted Life of Years (QALY) which integrates QOL over life of years is widely used as a measure of the value of life. Cost-effectiveness analysis for medicine and public health adopts two approaches to incorporate value of QOL or QALY. We summarize those advantage and disadvantage briefly at first. Unfortunately, cost-effectiveness analysis has not been committed and operated as an official rule for the method of policy evaluation for medicine or public health in Japan, yet. Thus we show some researches about it which examines ex post or ex ante policy evaluation using cost-effectiveness analysis. In other countries, some political decision making in medicine or public health is based on cost-effectiveness analysis. However, the pressure of the financial deficit will require more accountability about evidence. Therefore, cost-effectiveness analysis must be more important even in political decision making in medicine or public health in Japan.
The Effects of Helium on Deuterium Retention in Tungsten Under Simultaneous Irradiation

The trapping behavior of deuterium and helium in polycrystalline tungsten (PCW) under D + -only, He + -only, sequential and simultaneous irradiation was studied as a function of incident ion fluences and irradiation temperature. Deuterium implanted at 300 and 500 K gets trapped at surface adsorption sites, vacancy-related traps, or extended defects. No deuterium was trapped for 700 K implantations. Results were affected by tungsten-carbide impurities in PCW specimens. It is suggested that He trapping occurs via the formation of He clusters, at impurity sites, or as part of He-vacancy complexes. For sequential implantations, D and He were found to de-trap each other, with He impeding the trapping of D when implanted first at 300 K. Under simultaneous irradiation a decrease in D inventories was observed for all cases, and a redistribution of He to higher energy traps (associated with He-vacancy complex formation) was observed for higher fluences and temperatures.
Determinants of Learning Achievements: Empirical Analysis of Seven Schools in Cambodian Primary School.

This paper examines the determinants of learning achievements in Cambodian primary schools. Both student factors and family factors are evaluated. The student factors consist of student age, enrollment age, frequency of homework completion, and number of questions to ask in class. The family factors include the father’s educational background, domestic assets, and the student’s commute time to school. The school factors are confirmed to influence the learning achievements, but the results are unclear as to what school factors have a concrete influence.
Building a Global Renewable Energy Regime - What can be learned from other (environmental) regimes?

The promotion of renewable energies (RE) is a worldwide crucial challenge. RE contribute to the security of the energy supply as they reduce the use of fossil resources and nuclear energy, thus alleviating dependence on energy imports. They are also a very important future strategy to reduce greenhouse gases, therefore essential to meet the Kyoto-goals, to reduce climate change and to build up a sustainable energy system. The description of the future role and importance show that the policy field “RE” is deeply embedded in energy and climate policies in general – but it is not that prominent represented in the international arena, especially compared to the institutional settings of the conventional energy industries. RE are not represented by one “concentrated” organisation or an influential global network. In fact, a distinct lack of coordination and cooperation of activities can be observed, which leads to a lot of inefficiencies. There have been different suggestions on how to improve this situation. The discussion about the right path to gain such a global structure for the successful promotion has begun at the world summit in Johannesburg und especially around the international conference of the “Renewables 2004” in Bonn. While for example a global agency as part of the UN system presently seems to be far out of reach, solutions like a voluntary “frontrunner” network of interested states and private actors is discussed more concrete – and yet “under construction”. But what seems to be a realistic, useful and necessary design that meets the needs of the (international) RE industry – and what kind of experiences can give consultancy to this process? The paper wants to analyse the current situation of the emerging global RE regime, discuss the various forms of global governance mechanism and will compare the situation with former experiences (success, failures, structures) of other (comparable) global (environmental) regimes.
The relationship between public debt and economic growth in Kenya

Public debt is one of the main macroeconomic indicators, which forms countries’ image in international markets. It is one of the inward foreign direct investment flow determinants. A prudent public debt management helps economic growth and stability through mobilizing resources with low borrowing cost and limiting financial risk exposure. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between public debt and economic growth in Kenya. The study used secondary data collected from various sources collected from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and the Central Bank of Kenya. The study period included 2002/20032011/2012 financial periods. The data was collected using data collection sheet which was edited, coded and cleaned. Data was obtained covering the period 1992/1993-2011/2012 financial periods. To establish the relationship between public debt and economic development, the study conducted a regression analysis. Domestic debt is characterized by higher interest rates compared with those on external debt, which is contracted mainly on concessional terms, and it is therefore expensive to maintain. Domestic debt reduction could be achieved using proceeds from the privatization programme of public corporations, or the use of externally borrowed resources which are mainly on concessional terms to retire more expensive domestic debt. The government should therefore develop a framework for recording and monitoring all contingent liabilities and also formulate and implement a policy for management of the contingent liabilities. The government should therefore continue to implement wider reforms that promote investment in Treasury bonds, and encourage institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies to invest in Treasury bonds.
ASPHALT PRODUCTION FROM ASBUTON BY SONICATED EXTRACTION OF CARBONATE SOLIDS USING ACIDIC BRINE WATER SOLUTION

Natural asphalt from Buton Island (asbuton) has not been fully utilized up to now. One way of its utilization was extraction process to dissolve carbonate solids in asbuton using weak acid solution. The solution was acidic brine water solution that made by CO2 injection in NaCl solution. Sonicated extraction was performed at various operating conditions, namely temperature (25 to 110 o C), pressure (1 to 3 bar), NaCl concentration (0.1 to 2 M), and flow rate of CO2 (0.2 to 1 L/min). All variables affect the amount of dissolved carbonate solids. Maximum of dissolved solids reached at temperature of 90 o C, pressure of 3 bar, NaCl concentration of 0.5 M, CO2 flow rate of 0.6 L/min, and ratio of 0.02 g/mL. Asphalt product contained 50.47% asphalt, 24.47% carbonate solids, and 25.06% other minerals.
CFD Simulation of Flows in Stirred Tank Reactors Through Prediction of Momentum Source

The mixing and agitation of fluid in a stirred tank have raised continuous attention. Starting with Harvey and Greaves, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been applied as a power‐ ful tool for investigating the detailed information on the flow in the tank [1-2]. In their work, the impeller boundary condition (IBC) approach has been proposed for the impeller modeling, in which the flow characteristics near the impeller are experimentally measured, and are speci‐ fied as the boundary conditions for the whole flow field computation [1-4]. Because it depends on the experimental data, IBC can hardly predict the flow in the stirred tank and its applicabili‐ ty is inherently limited. To overcome this drawback, the multiple rotating reference frames ap‐ proach (MRF) has been developed, in which the vessel is divided into two parts: the inner zone using a rotating frame and the outer zone associated with a stationary frame, for a steady state simulation. Although it can predict the flow field, the computation result is slightly lack of ac‐ curacy and needs a longer time for convergence [5]. Sliding mesh approach (SM) is another available approach, in which the inner grid is assumed to rotate with the impeller speed, and the full transient simulations are carried out [6-7]. SM approach gives an improved result, but it suffers from the large computational expense [8]. Moving-deforming grid technique was proposed by Perng and Murthy [9], in which the grid throughout the vessel moves with the im‐ peller and deforms. This approach requires a rigorous grid quality and the computational ex‐ penses are even higher than SM [10-11].
Hybrid active and passive control of vibratory power flow in flexible isolation system

A hybrid active and passive vibration control strategy is developed to reduce the total power flows from machines, subject to multiple excitations, to supporting flexible structures. The dynamic interactions between machines, controllers, and receiving structures are studied. A force feedback control process governed by a proportional control law is adopted to produce active control forces to cancel the transmitted forces in the mounts. Computational simulations of a simple and a multiple dimensional hybrid vibration isolation system are performed to study the force transmissibility and the total power flows from vibration sources through active and passive isolators to the supporting structures. The investigation focuses on the effects of a hybrid control approach to the reduction of power flow transmissions and the influence of the dynamic characteristics of the control on power flow spectra. The hybrid control mechanism is synthesised from the power flow analysis. Conclusions and control strategies, well supported by numerical simulations, are deduced providing very useful guidelines for hybrid vibration isolation design.
When the victim becomes the offender? - A discourse analysis of victim blaming regarding rape

In 2014, a man was accused of raping a woman but was acquitted despite the fact that the woman said “no” and “stop”. He claimed to have thought that it was part of dominant sex games and by that, assumed she liked it. That the man was acquitted, even though the court ruling concluded that the woman had been forced to sexual intercourse, can be a result of a process of victim blaming; a process where the victim’s behavior, prior to the rape become a factor of significance. In this thesis I have conducted a discourse analysis of this specific case, where I have looked for patterns of victim blaming and analyzed the findings from a post-structural feminist perspective as well as Foucault’s ideas of power. To understand the process, concepts and theories of the patriarchy, rape myths and the idea of the woman and the man, are presented. I find that patterns of victim blaming can be identified in case nr: B5865-13 and that the process of victim blaming should be understood with the historic discourse of the woman and the man in mind, as this has created ideal gendered behavior. Furthermore, I find that the victim blaming process makes for unequal power relations between women and men, and by extension enables men’s sexual violence against women today.
Soil Erosion, Deposition and Transport Processes at Hillslopes of the Loess Plateau

Soil detachment, deposition and transport processes occur simultaneously during erosive rainfall events. Up to date, numerous studies have been conducted on soil detachment, deposition and transport processes. However, how to quantitatively depict detachment, deposition and transport is a still unsolved problem. Studies on detachment, deposition and transport processes are important for establishing a process-based erosion model. A dual-box system (one is a feeder box located at up-slope, and the other is a test box located at down-slope) was used to quantify hillslope detachment-deposition-transport processes and run-on water and sediment effects on down-slope erosion process. The results showed that sediment regime was detachment-transport dominant when rill erosion or shallow gully erosion was dominated at steep hillslopes. Up-slope runoff discharging into down-slope caused the additional sediment delivery (net detachment) at down-slope section. The net detachment caused by up-slope runoff increased either a decrease of sediment concentration in up-slope runoff and an increase of rainfall intensity, or change of surface conditions from dry to wet. Rill erosion, ephemeral gully erosion played important roles in hillslope erosion process. Sediment delivery at steep hillslope was associated with rill head-cuts advance or ephemeral gully head-cuts advance. These findings will help to improve the understanding of run-on water and sediment effects on down-slope erosion process and control strategies to minimize the run-on water impacts.
SPACs : Post-merger survival 1

This paper studies how institutional characteristics of Specified Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) are related to their post-merger survival. SPACs are unique financial firms that conduct the IPO with the solely purpose to use the proceeds to acquire another private company. Paper finds that institutional characteristics of SPACs are important in determining post-merger outcomes of new company, specifically when it comes to their suvival/failure. Namely, increases in pre-merger commitment by SPAC stakeholders and initial positive market performance increase post-merger survival likelihood. On the contrary, mergers with higher transaction costs and focused on foreign companies exhibit increased failure likelihood.
On regularity, amenability and optimal factoring strategies for reliability computations

In the present paper we investigate three classes of reliability systems: regular clutters, total amenable clutters and clutters where a certain factoring strategy for computing reliability is in a sense optimal. In the first part of the paper it is shown that the class of regular clutters is strictly contained in the class of total amenable clutters, while the class of total amenable clutters is strictly contained in the third class. In the second part of the paper we present some important new properties of regular clutters. Especially, we provide two new types of regular clutters related to undirected networks. RELIABILITY COMPUTATIONS; REGULARITY; DOMINATION; AMENABILITY; UNDIRECTED NETWORKS; MATROIDS