Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Failure analysis of thin‐film four‐junction inverted metamorphic solar cells

Inverted metamorphic solar cells play an important role in the field of photovoltaics, because it can directly grow stacked tandem junctions with different bandgaps according to the spectrum. We have found that the four‐junction AlGaInP/AlGaAs/InGaAs/InGaAs solar cells with the bandgap of 1.96/1.55/1.17/0.83 eV on the basis of the inverted metamorphic three‐junction AlGaInP/AlGaAs/InGaAs materials will cause a serious decrease in short‐circuit current density but with a normal open‐circuit voltage. The sharp decrease in short‐circuit current density is not attributed to the mismatched buffers dislocations penetrating into the active region of the InGaAs subcells but resulted from the minority carrier recombination due to defects in the AlGaInP subcell, which is observed directly from transmission electron microscopy, external quantum efficiency, electroluminescence, and secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements. The process of growing AlGaInP materials by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition easily introduces Al‐O deep‐level defects, resulting in the poor collection of minority carriers in AlGaInP materials. After improving the growth conditions of AlGaInP materials, a four‐junction solar cell with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 34.9% and an open‐circuit voltage of 3.53 V was obtained.
Coniothyriol, an Uncommon Polyketide from Coniothyrium sporulosum

Abstract Coniothyriol, a new fungal metabolite has been isolated from the ethyl acetate extractable fraction of Coniothyrium sporulosum broth. Its structure was identified as rel-(2R,5R,8R,11S)-4,7-dioxa-3,10-dioxo-11-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-methylene-tricyclo[6.3. 3.0. 01,5]undecane on the basis of spectroscopic data relative to both the natural product and the monoacetyl derivative.
Moving Beyond the Relative Assessment of Implicit Biases: Navigating the Complexities of Absolute Measurement

A relative assessment of implicit biases is limited because it produces a combined summary evaluation of two attitudinal beliefs while concealing the biases driving this evaluation. Similar limitations occur for relative explicit measures. Here, we will discuss the benefits and weaknesses of using relative versus absolute (individual/separate) assessments of implicit and explicit attitudes. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) will be the focal implicit measure discussed, and we will present a new perspective challenging the evidence that the IAT can only be utilized to measure relative, not absolute, implicit attitudes. Modeling techniques (i.e., Quad models) that can determine the separate biases behind the relative summary evaluation will also be considered. Accurately utilizing absolute implicit bias scores will enable academia and industry to answer more complex research questions. For implicit social cognition to maintain and expand its usefulness, we encourage researchers to further test and refine the measurement of absolute implicit biases.
graph4lg: A package for constructing and analysing graphs for landscape genetics in R

In landscape genetics, habitat connectivity and population genetic structure have been analysed using graph‐theoretic approaches to understand how landscape features influence demography (i.e. dispersal and population size). Despite substantial advances in enhancing both genetic and landscape graph use, a software tool bringing together a large range of construction and analysis parameters for these two types of graphs was lacking in the landscape genetic toolbox. Moreover, although these two types of graphs appear complementary for answering landscape genetic questions, methods for comparing them have not been forthcoming. We have developed an R package to improve and encourage the use of these graphs. It includes functions for converting and importing genetic data and for genetic distance computing. It also implements time‐efficient geodesic and cost‐distance calculations from spatial data. A large range of parameters can be used to create genetic and landscape graphs from these data, including several graph pruning methods. We made available to R users the command‐line facilitaties of Graphab software to easily model landscape graphs in R. The package functions perform preliminary analysis to adapt methodological choices to research questions. Landscape and genetic graphs created can be analysed with node‐level metrics as well as link‐level and modularity analyses. Users can compare and visualise these graphs and export them to shapefiles to facilitate interpretation and subsequent analyses. graph4lg contributes to expanding landscape and genetic graph potential for analysing ecological connectivity while encouraging further investigations on methodological implications related to these tools.
Remote performance evaluation, life prediction and fault diagnosis of RV reducer for industrial robot

For the reason of complex maintenance technology, long maintenance time and large downtime loss, the remote monitoring technology and intelligent diagnosis method are introduced into fault diagnosis of industrial robots; a remote fault diagnosis technology of industrial robots based on intelligent algorithm is proposed. The remote fault diagnosis platform of industrial robot is constructed, and three-layer architecture is designed, which is composed of perception layer, information transmission layer and fault diagnosis layer. RV Reducer of industrial robot is selected as fault diagnosis object, the state information of reducer is collected and processed, the signal processing and feature extraction are carried out by information fusion technology, performance state is evaluated by support vector machine, the remaining life is predicted by grey Markov model, and the potential fault is diagnosed by Bayesian network. The diagnosis results will provide decision support for reducer maintenance, and it will improve the maintenance efficiency, reliability level and user satisfaction.
Removal of COD and Colour from Sanitary Landfill Leachate by using Coagulation – Fenton’s Process

This study investigated two methods for the removal of COD and colour from sanitary landfill leachates. The first method involved the use of coagulation/flocculation process using FeCl3 as a conventional coagulant and Ca(OH)2 as base-precipitant. The second method involved integration of Fenton’s reagent into the coagulation/flocculation process. Concentration of FeCl3 that reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color by 37 and 62% is 1000mg/l. Fenton-coagulation flocculation process reduced the COD and color of the leachates by 88 and 98% respectively. The optimum conditions for the effectiveness of Fenton’s reagent, namely temperature, pH, H2O2 and coagulant dose were studied. @JASEM
Liquid Water: Molecular Correlation Functions from X‐Ray Diffraction

For nearly spherical molecules the x‐ray scattering from liquids yields structure and correlation functions for molecular scattering centers. The distribution of electron density in a water molecule is very nearly spherical, and orientational correlation between molecules in the liquid is not ``seen'' by x rays. Structure and correlation functions for molecular scattering centers are derived from x‐ray data on water and tabulated. They provide a sensitive test for future work on a molecular theory of liquid water.
Application of Machine Learning and Real-time Feedback System to Predict Arriving Time

Real-time location feedback provides customers with direct information about the location of the package, which also provides one of the factors needed to predict the arrival time. This is not a simple math problem once we have the real-time location data because using math equations could not account for different situations that might occur to packages, which would again provides a inaccurate delivery time. By using machine learning, based on the data collected earlier and the information about the location from the use of real-time location feedback system, computers would be able to predict a delivery time with different factors involved, including weather and the possibility of the accident happened on the way. Using those different skills and factors, customers would be able to get an arrival time that is more precise than before and able to do decisions based on that. The main idea of this article is to predict the delivery time with the combination of the real-time location feedback system and machine learning.
The Swelling & Water Uptake of Tablets III: Moisture Sorption Behavior of Tablet Disintegrants

AbstractWater vapor sorption properties and the thermal behavior of four disintegrants including microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH102), croscarmellose sodium (Ac-di-sol), corn starch, and sodium starch glycolate (Primojel), were studied. They all exhibited type II-like isotherm. The apparent monolayer sorption for each of disintegrants was found to be significantly greater than the specific surface obtained from nitrogen adsorption. It is proposed that water molecules interact with specific sites on the disintegrant glassy polymer. Water tends to stay as a condensed phase on the polymer, rather than to diffuse into the bulk. Water plasticization caused glass transition temperature (Tg) of all disintegrant polymers to decrease. It facilitated a change from glass to the rubber state. Because the sorption sites were in the glassy state, the change from glass to rubber, which in turn kinetically reduced the available sites, would reflect the sorption capacity of a disintegrant polymer. In addition, the di.
Estrogen re-enhanced prenatal stress-related visceral sensitization and pain regulation

Background: Visceral pain is one of the most common sign of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Chronic stress during pregnancy may increase visceral pain sensitivity of offspring in a sexdependent way. Combining adult stress in offspring will increase this sensitivity. Based on the evidence implicating estrogen exacerbates visceral hypersensitivity in female rodents in pre-clinical models, we predicted that chronic prenatal stress (CPS) plus chronic adult stress (CAS) will maximize visceral pain sensitivity; and estrogen plays an important role in this hyperalgesia.Methods: The CPS plus CAS rodent model was established in which the balloon was used to distend colorectum. Meanwhile, the single fiber recording in vivo and patch-clamp experiments in vitro were used to monitor neuronal activity. The RT-PCR, Western Blot, and Immunofluorescence were used to study the effects of CPS and CAS on colon primary afferent sensitivity and molecular or transmission changes. We use Ovariectomy and Letrozole to treate female rats respectively in order to assess the role of estrogen in female-specific enhanced primary afferent sensitization. Letrozole mainly used to reduce estrogen levels.Results: As predicted, CPS significantly increased single unit afferent fiber activity in L6-S2 dorsal roots in response. Activity was further enhanced by CAS. And the activity in offspring females was significantly greater than the males. Besides, the excitability of colon-projecting dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons increases in CPS + CAS rats that was associated with a decrease in transient A-type K+ current. Letrozole treatment decreases the colon DRG neuron excitability in females by decreasing the estrogen levels. Conclusions: This study adds to the growing evidence for the development of chronic stress induced visceral hypersensitivity in female, which involves estrogen-dependent sensitization of primary afferent colon neurons. Understanding this neurophysiological mechanisms will spur the development of female pain specific therapies.
The interfacial thermal conductance between a vertical single-wall carbon nanotube and a silicon substrate

Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate the interfacial thermal conductance between a functionalized single-wall carbon nanotube and a silicon substrate. Based on Fourier’s law, interfacial thermal conductance of the system with different numbers of chemical bonds was calculated. The results showed that the interfacial thermal conductance increased with the increase in the number of chemical bonds formed between the carbon nanotube and the substrate, indicating that carbon nanotube patterned on the silicon substrate by chemical functionalization can improve not only interfacial adhesion but also interfacial thermal conductance. The results also showed that a shorter chain length of the functional groups between the carbon nanotube and the substrate gave a higher interfacial thermal conductance.
Effective Thermal Conductivity for Low Density Silicon Nitride Porous Ceramics

Thermal conduction in porous materials generally includes four heat transfer forms, i.e. heat transfer via the gas phase, heat conduction along the solid matrix/skeleton, thermal radiation and gas-solid coupled heat transfer. The size effects on the gas and solid thermal conductivities are introduced to predict the effective thermal conductivity of the silicon nitride porous ceramic at room temperature, and the predictions from the random model present good agreements with the experimental data. The effect of the porosity on the effective thermal conductivity of the low density silicon nitride porous ceramic are studied as well, and the low density porous ceramics can achieve a low thermal conductivity in the range of 0.08-1.2 W/m K for a good performance of thermal insulation.
Synthesis of a new polyaniline/nanotube composite: “in-situ” polymerisation and charge transfer through site-selective interaction

A new polyaniline/multi-wall carbon nanotube (PANI/MWNT) composite has been successfully synthesized by an “in-situ” polymerisation process; Raman studies indicate a site-selective interaction between the quinoid ring of the polymer and the MWNTs opening the way for charge transfer processes; transport measurements clearly reveal drastic changes in the electronic behaviour confirming the formation of a true composite material with enhanced electronic properties.
Veiksniai, susiję su slaugytojų pasitenkinimu darbu

Siuolaikinėje visuomenėje sudėtinga įsivaizduoti gyvenimą be darbinės veiklos, nes ji ne tik užtikrina pajamas ar padeda realizuoti save, bet ir leidžia tvirtai jaustis esamoje aplinkoje bei patenkinti savo poreikius. Dažnai darbe yra praleidžiama daugiau laiko nei seimoje, todėl darbas traktuojamas kaip socialinis institutas. Galima teigti, kad darbas padeda atskleisti individualias žmogaus savybes. Taciau, kad tai būtų galima padaryti, būtina jausti pasitenkinimą savo darbu.
From Analogue to Digital Photogrammetry: Documentation of Padise Abbey in Two Different Time Stages

Exploration of historical buildings during their life cycles is one of many aspects of the cultural heritage research. For studying different conditions of historical buildings over time, it is convenient to use photogrammetric surveys carried out in different time stages. Modern photogrammetric methods give the possibility to use archived analogue photogrammetric data, re-process them, and achieve new potentially valuable results with sufficient geometric accuracy and with high visual quality. The paper presents re-processing of analogue archival photogrammetric images captured by a metric camera in 1991 and compares the results to the new photogrammetric survey with a digital camera. The object of interest is Padise Abbey in Estonia. In 1991, parts of the abbey were in poor condition and conservation and renovation works were at an early stage. Nowadays, the abbey is partly renovated, and the results of the new photogrammetric survey give an opportunity to study two completely different conditions.
Bert-based Siamese Network for Semantic Similarity

As a key technology in the field of natural language processing, text matching is widely used in many tasks such as question answering systems, search, recommendation, and advertising. Aiming at the insufficient feature extraction capabilities of traditional Siamese-based text matching methods, a fast matching method based on large-scale pre-training model BSSM (BERT based Siamese Semantic Model) is proposed. The proposed method uses a pre-training model to encode two texts separately, which interact the representation vectors of the two texts to obtain attention weights and generate new representation vectors, so that the new and old representation vectors can be pooled and aggregated, and finally two representation vectors are concatenated in some strategy and sent to the prediction layer for prediction. Experimental results on the AFQMC and LCQMC datasets show that the proposed method not only improves the accuracy rate, but also improves the computational efficiency.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR KIMIA PESERTA DIDIK

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the problem based learning (PBL) learning model to students' interest in learning chemistry on the topic of chemical equilibrium. This research is a quantitative research type of quasi experiment using posttest only design. The study was conducted at SMA Negeri 6 Pekanbaru. The sample was determined using simple random sampling technique. Data on students 'interest in learning chemistry are collected using a questionnaire based on five categories, namely the level of students' interest in chemistry, personal choice, teacher's role, situational interest, and willingness to attend chemistry learning. Quantitative data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and One-Way ANOVA hypothesis testing. Descriptive analysis is used to describe the interest in learning chemistry. The results showed that there were significant differences in interest in learning chemistry between students applying PBL learning models and expository learning models on the topic of chemical equilibrium. Interest in learning chemistry of students is still relatively low, but students who use the PBL model show higher scores than expository classes. Male students are more interested in chemistry than female students.
Continuing professional development designed as second-order action research: outcomes and lessons learned

ABSTRACT This paper reports the results from a second-order action research process, accompanying a continuing professional development (CPD), the Pedagogy and Subject Didactics Programme (PFL). PFL is a 2-year-postgraduate university course that focuses primarily on subject didactics, action research methods and peer group learning. This study accompanied PFL 2015–2017 with 20 graduates. The main objectives of the evaluation were to verify and maintain a good quality of the input and the possibility to bring this input into the daily work of teachers. Through the formative process orientation, we as program administrators were enabled to integrate many insights directly into the further development of the course. The described process shows how and to what extent PFL could be positively shaped by feedback from teachers and our reflection on it. In this way we were able to meet the needs of the participants without losing sight of PFL’s goal. Targeted interventions enabled us to achieve most of the two main objectives of the study.
LEGAL PERSPECTIVES CONCERNING HATE SPEECH IN INDONESIA

In Indonesia there is concern on hate speech that causes conflict and seems to be on the rise and unchecked. There is general consensus that this must be resolved. The focus of this research is to investigate the legal mechanisms used by the Indonesian government to resolve the problem of hate speech. The Research Question is: What are the characteristics of hate speech and what legal mechanisms are there in Indonesia to contain it. Hate speech data, which was of public concern, and already decided upon in court, was obtained from online media. The legal considerations used by the court to decide on hate speech were identified to determine the legal mechanisms used by the government to resolve problems arising from hate speech. The findings reveal: 1) the indicators used by the government to differentiate freedom of expression from hate space. Hate speech has been found to be associated to contempt, defamation, unpleasant deeds, provocation, instigation and hoax. Hate speech is also carried out in the following contexts: through speeches, campaign activities, displayed on banners, on social media networks, public opinion delivery (demonstrations), religious lectures, print and electronic mass media, pamphlets. 2) The legal mechanism used by the Government is to carry out prevention / preventive (non-penal), and provide sanctions / repressive (penal). The court's decisions on what constituted hate speech matched with the regulations in force in Indonesia regarding human rights.
Validation of blended learning model of applied mathematics through schoological networks for learning in new normal era in vocational education

Submitted: 27 September 2020 Revised: 18 October 2020 Accepted: 09 November 2020 This study aims to determine the feasibility of a model of blended learning applied mathematics using Schoology for vocational education. Research using the 4D model development method includes: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate, conducted at the Politeknik Negeri Bali. Data was collected using a validation sheet and student response questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed descriptively. As a result, the design of applied mathematics blended learning using Schoology achieved: feasibility level of 84.91% (high enough), practicality 78.84% (quite practical), and compliance was 88.02% (very high). Blended learning applied mathematics is very appropriate to be used as a model of learning in vocational education. Feasible to use as a learning strategy in vocational education in the new normal era. Needs to be refined and the development process can be continued to the stage of test effectiveness, program evaluation, and dissemination.
Are You Enjoying Your Neighbors During the Lockdown? Disputes between Neighbors in Mexican Cities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

We estimate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on disputes between neighbors using a panel of 70 cities from across Mexico. Our measures of conflicts between neighbors include noise, nuisance pets, unruly children, garbage, and gossip. Using a difference-in-difference strategy, our findings indicate that the lockdown increased conflicts arising between neighbors. We find the lockdown exacerbated disputes related to noise by 42%, unruly children by 35%, garbage by 32%, and gossip by 19%. While the lockdown limited interpersonal interactions on the streets, disputes between neighbors increased as individuals spent more time at home.
A checklist of the helminth parasites of invasive murid rodents in Mexico

The present work provides an updated checklist of helminth species infecting invasive murid rodents ( Mus musculus , Rattus norvegicus , R. rattus , and Rattus sp.) in Mexico, including 35 helminth taxa (3 trematodes, 7 cestodes, 2 acanthocephalans, and 23 nematodes). The helminthological records were compiled from 18 studies conducted in seven Mexican states up to May 2020. Information on habitats, life stages, geographical locations, hosts, helminthological collections, prevalences, and bibliographic references are included, when available. Finally, a new locality record of the nematode Hassalstrongylus musculi in Yucatan is provided.
Electroanalysis of D-Amino Acid Oxidase and Its Interaction with Hydrogen Peroxide

Abstract We have first obtained the direct electrochemistry of D-amino acid oxidase with a polyethylenimine modified pyrolytic graphite electrode and the electrochemical response related to the catalytic reaction to the substrates. Further studies reveal that the enzyme may exhibit different substrate specificity. Taking D-serine as a model, we have also presented an electrochemical method to detect this amino acid and have studied the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the catalytic activity of this enzyme. It is found that hydrogen peroxide can lower the enzymatic activity of this enzyme.