Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Ultrathin Fe Films Grown on GaAs(001) Surface

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies have been carried out to clarify the initial growth mechanisms of ultrathin Fe films on GaAs(001) substrates. For the submonolayer growth of Fe at room temperature (RT), the STM image showed many small clusters on the flat terraces of the c(4×4) reconstructed GaAs(001) surface. The typical size of the clusters seen in the STM image is about 15 Å which is nearly equal to the size of the basis structure of the c(4×4) reconstruction. It is also discussed that the formation of the clusters depends on the reconstruction of the GaAs(001) surface.
One Covert Channel to Rule Them All: A Practical Approach to Data Exfiltration in the Cloud

The sharing of hardware platforms in multi-tenant environments is a growing security concern. Microarchitectural timing-based covert channels allow tunneling information out of a compromised cloud instance, thus bypassing information flow policies. Significant research efforts have been carried out in order to address the super-set of timing channels. Nevertheless, new attacks keep on being published while disregarding the latest academic efforts, arguing that the relevant defences have not yet been deployed. In order to bridge the gap between vulnerabilities and countermeasures, we challenge state-of-the-art mitigation techniques by constructing the first cross-VM covert channel that is resilient against all known defences, whether they are already deployed or still theoretical. Defence strategies that are relevant with covert channels are surveyed, and a list of requirements is constructed for the new attack. Then, we re-visit the exploitation of the x86 memory bus lock, and launch the proposed covert communication channel across two AWS EC2 instances. While simple in design, the proposed implementation shows that x86 microarchitectures still present salient vulnerabilities, and that state-of-the-art defence strategies-even theoretical ones—remain unsuccessful at hindering data leakage in multi-tenant environments. Finally, a strategy to mitigate the remaining vulnerability is suggested, along with a comparison against the ARMv8 processor architecture.
INKJET-PRINTED SWCNT CONDUCTORS AND SENSORS ON PDMS

Inkjet printing of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) on flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates and their electrical properties were studied in this thesis. Wetting of the surface of the substrate with custom-made dimethylformamide-based conductive SWCNT ink was optimized by using argon-plasma surface treatment. Conductive micropatterns of SWCNTs were obtained. Mechanical bending and stretching experiments showed deformation dependent transport behaviour with a large pressure sensitivity and a gauge factor of up to 1000. The printed micropatterns were found to be sufficiently sensitive to detect and resolve pressure fronts of heartbeats in a human radial artery. Due to the established manufacturing processes used: inkjetand screen printing, the study can pave the way for the integration of piezoresistive sensors in flexible and stretchable devices to be used e.g. in medical garments, sportswear and their accessories.
Proton-Conducting Properties and Microstructure of Hydrated Tin Dioxide and Hydrated Zirconia

The microstructure (specific surface area and pore size distribution), amount of hydrated water, and proton conductivity were examined for hydrated tin dioxide (SnO2·nH2O) and hydrated zirconia (ZrO2·nH2O), and their relationships were investigated. Both hydrates had many micropores with a pore radius below 1 nm. The average pore size of SnO2·nH2O was smaller than that of ZrO2·nH2O. The amount of hydrated water n was 0.7−1.2 for SnO2·nH2O and 1.0−1.7 for ZrO2·nH2O under a relative humidity (RH) of ∼0 to 95% at 150 °C. Proton conductivity was approximately 10-2 S cm-1 under 95% RH at 150 °C for both hydrates. The conductivity decreased with decreasing RH, but SnO2·nH2O maintained a higher conductivity than that of ZrO2·nH2O under low RH. The high conductivity of SnO2·nH2O at high RH despite low hydrated water content was assumed to be due to the high electronegativity of Sn and resulting high concentration of dissociated protons. The hydrated water in the small micropores of SnO2·nH2O will be maintained ev.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Copper II Hydroxide Nano Particles

Copper (II) Hydroxide nano particles were synthesized via chemical co precipitation method from Copper Sulphate and Sodium Hydroxide. Structural and compositional properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and UV spectroscopy X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the preferential growth of Copper (II) Hydroxide nano particles that width is 33.42nm. The SEM image shows the synthesized Copper (II) Hydroxide show well crystallized particles with plate-like morphology. The FTIR spectrum is used to study the stretching and bending frequencies of molecular functional groups in the sample. From UV spectrum, the band gap of Copper (II) hydroxide nano particles is found to be 4.5eV. From AAS studies it is found that the absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration. The linear fit indicates that Copper (II) Hydroxide nanoparticles have been distributed in proper proportion.
Protonation and coordination ability of small peptides – theoretical and experimental approaches for elucidation

This review deals with modern theoretical and experimental approaches as well as structural elucidation of small peptides (SP), their protonated forms and metal complexes. Free peptide bond rotation in amino acids (AA) and peptides yielded various conformers, which may possess differing biological activities. Inter- and/or intramolecular stacking observed in aromatic SP is another phenomenon typical for both peptide salts and complexes. These phenomenological effects can be successfully studied, both theoretically and experimentally, using a combination of the theoretical approximations and physical methods, such as electronic absorption spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopy (including IR and Raman), nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The physical and chemical properties of these systems can be precisely calculated by ab initio and DFT methods, varying basis sets and the results obtained allow elucidation of their conformations as a function of the reaction conditions (pH, type of the solvent, temperature, metal to ligand molar ratio). Although the 3-D structures of many peptides have been determined over the past decades, peptide crystallization is still a major obstacle to crystallographic work and the presence of chiral center/s adds further difficulties. For this reason, a specific part of the review is focused on the study of the absolute structure of the peptides, their salts and metal complexes, discussing the conformational preferences of the peptides during these processes. The available crystallographic data for metal complexes are successfully used for the correlation between the structures and the spectroscopic properties.
Microwave dielectric characterization of binary mixtures of water, methanol, and ethanol

The complex dielectric constants of binary mixtures of water–methanol and water–ethanol in the frequency range from 45 MHz to 26.5 GHz, and binary mixtures of methanol–ethanol in the range from 200 MHz to 26.5 GHz have been measured with various volume fractions around room temperature by means of an open‐ended coaxial sensor and a network analyzer. Methanol–ethanol mixtures display a near‐Debye dispersion while water–alcohol mixtures show a Cole–Davidson dispersion. The logarithm of relaxation time log τ and dielectric decrement Δe for methanol–ethanol mixtures show a good linear relation with the volume fraction of methanol, while log τ and Δe extracted with the Debye function for water–alcohol mixtures display a near‐linear relation with volume fraction of water. Two simple formulas are proposed for identifying the volume fractions of the components in binary mixtures of alcohol–alcohol and water–alcohol from a knowledge of τ and Δe for the pure liquids and the mixtures. The validity of these formulas has been demonstrated with three blind tests. The relation between the mole fraction of water and log τ for water–methanol and water–ethanol mixtures extracted by the use of a Cole–Davidson function clearly shows two linear regions, which implies a change of relaxation mechanism with mole fraction.
The calorimetric determination of the heats of adsorption of oxygen on evaporated metal films

A Beeck-type calorimeter has been used to measure the integral heat of adsorption of oxygen on evaporated films of titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, niobium, molybdenum, rhodium, palladium, tantalum, tungsten, platinum and aluminium. The variation of the heat with the extent of the adsorption has also been determined, except with palladium, platinum and aluminium, for which the amounts of oxygen adsorption were too small to allow this to be done. The heats of adsorption reported are based on a careful determination of the heat capacity of the calorimeter and the overall error is not more than ± 5 kcal/mole. Some investigations of calorimetric behaviour have been made. The surface areas of the films have been measured before and after an adsorption by the B.E. T. method; krypton isotherms at — 196 °C were used for this purpose. From these data, it has been possible to estimate the number of atoms of oxygen adsorbed per surface metal atom. In most cases, this quantity, together with the heat of adsorption, can be related to the oxygen/metal ratios and the heats of formation of certain oxides; this observation is remarkable in view of the limited extent of the adsorption. In the cases of rhodium, palladium and platinum the adsorption stops short of a monolayer and is probably true chemisorption rather than oxide formation. For those metals on which oxide formation occurs, the decrease in heat of adsorption with increasing coverage has been interpreted, in general, in terms of an increase in the oxidation number of surface metal ions by electron transfer within the adsorbed layer. Some theoretical correlations between the heat of adsorption and the atomic and the bulk properties of the species concerned have been examined and found of little value; an empirical relation with the metallic radius is given.
Halogenlipide. III. Alkyl-glyceryl-ether-Analoga

Halogenolipids. III. Alkyl Glyceryl Ether Analogues Synthesis of the halogeno analogues of alkyl glycerol ether, 3-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl-(octadecyl)-propane-1, 2-diol, 2-fluoro-1-O-hexadecyl(octadecyl)-propane-1, 3-diol, 2-chloro-1-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,3-diol and 3-fluoro-2-O-hexadecyl-propane-1,2-diol, which are of interest as potential cytostatic agents, is described.
A Comparative Study of Self-Supervision and the Self-Efficacy of Iranian EFL Teachers and Those of Interme- diate Adult Learners

The present study was conducted to examine the relationship between the self-supervision and the selfefficacy of Iranian EFL teachers and also the relationship between the self-supervision and the selfefficacy of intermediate adult learners individually. To this end, 40 EFL teachers and 55 intermediate adult learners were selected from two branches of Kish Language Institute. In this study, “SelfSupervision checklists” were formed separately for the teachers and the learners to collect data. Common European Framework (CEF) and that of the Association of Language Testers in Europe (ALTE), the two internationally standard scales were used as learners‟ checklists. Besides, an independent t-test was run to determine the statistical difference between the means on two sets of scores: the teachers‟ self-supervision and the institutional supervision; the learners‟ self-supervision and the institutional assessment. Data analysis and statistical calculations revealed a positive relationship between the teachers‟ self-supervision and their self-efficacy in language teaching, and it also showed a positive relationship between the learners‟ self-supervision and their self-efficacy in their language learning.
Microphase Ordering Mechanisms in Linear ABC Triblock Copolymers. A Dynamic Density Functional Study

The microphase ordering processes for ABC linear triblock copolymers are investigated using dynamic density functional theory (DDFT). The implementation of the DDFT is verified by comparing the 2D equilibrium triblock morphologies it predicted with previous theory and experiments. Quenched from a disordered state, the microphase separation of the ABC triblock copolymers may proceed through either one-step or two-step ordering mechanism, depending on the composition and the interaction energies of the three components. When the volume fraction of one species dominates the other two, the microphase ordering always proceeds through a two-step mechanism with the majority one segregating at first, provided a three-phase morphology formed at the end. When the volume fractions of the three species are comparable, for the symmetric interaction case, the microphase separation occurs through a one-step mechanism, while for the asymmetric interaction case, it occurs through a two-step mechanism with the most incompa.
Hybrid Catalytic Combustion of Methane/Hydrogen Mixtures

Hybrid catalytic combustion technology, which is a staged process comprising a preliminary catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) step followed by a homogeneous flame combustion with interstage heat removal, was tested for the first time with mixtures of methane and hydrogen. Short contact time CPO experiments were run to elucidate the effect of the progressive substitution of methane with H2 in the fuel feed to the structured catalytic reactor, which was operated under self-sustained conditions at high temperature. Furthermore, a prototype radiant hybrid burner was realized and safely operated at atmospheric pressure with up to 80% vol. of H2 in the fuel and a primary equivalence ratio in the range 2.4–4.0. Outstanding NOx emission levels were attained with pure methane feed, which were also confirmed with H2-rich fuels, due to the effective reduction of both thermal and prompt NOx formation.
Transforming growth factor in normal human lung: preferential location in bronchial epithelial cells

Received 14 October 1993 Returned to authors 16 February 1994 Revised version received 6 April 1994 Accepted for publication 28 April 1994 Abstract Background Transforming growth factor P (TGF-P) is an immunomodulatory cytokine regulating the proliferation and differentiation of various cell types. It also contributes to the maintenance of tissue architecture by influencing the production of extracellular matrix components. TGF-l has been detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from normal human lung, but the nature and distribution of cells containing TGF-I in this organ remain unknown. Methods Fourteen normal human lung specimens were studied by immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody recognizing TGF-+l, TGF-+2 and TGF-P,. Results TGF-P was detected in all cases. Bronchial epithelial cells contained the largest amounts of TGF-P. In these cells the staining was brightest at the apical pole. Macrophages and smooth muscle cells also contained TGF-+, although less than epithelial cells. No TGF-1 was detected in other cell populations, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and pneumocytes. Conclusions The bronchial epithelial compartment appears to be the main location of TGF-P in the normal human lung, suggesting that this cytokine has a pivotal role in the immunological properties of the bronchial mucosa.
Symmetric diblock copolymer thin films on rough substrates. Kinetics and structure formation in pure block copolymer thin films

The effect of substrate roughness on the orientation of lamellar microdomains of symmetric poly(styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) [PS-b-PMMA] was investigated. Thin films of three molecular weights of PS-b-PMMA were prepared on organic polyimide and inorganic indium tin oxide substrates whose surfaces were characterized for roughness and surface energy. It was shown, through cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy (dSIMS), that above a critical substrate roughness all three molecular weights of PS-b-PMMA produced a perpendicular lamellar orientation. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and PS-b-PMMA thin films on an array of polyimide substrates of varied substrate roughness, a critical substrate roughness was identified, below which a parallel orientation was observed. This behavior was modeled simply and showed that the critical roughness determined by AFM represents an underestimate of the true critical roughness of the substrate. Finally,.
Effects of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, Fluoxetine, on Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia in Individuals with T1DM

Objective: Previous work has demonstrated that chronic administration of the serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine, augments counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in healthy man. However, virtually no information exists regarding the effects of fluoxetine on integrated physiologic counterregulatory responses during hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Therefore, the specific aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that 6 weeks use of the SSRI, fluoxetine, would amplify autonomic nervous system (ANS) counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in individuals with T1DM. Research Design and Methods: Eighteen T1DM (14M/4F) (age 19yrs 48yrs, BMI 25±3 kg/m, and HbA1c 7.0±0.4%) participated in randomized, double-blind 2 h hyperinsulinemic (9pmol/kg/min) hypoglycemic clamp studies before and after either 6 weeks of fluoxetine (n=8) or identical placebo (n=10). Glucose kinetics were determined by 3-tritiated glucose. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was determined by microneurography. Results: Hypoglycemia (2.8±0.1 mmol/L) and insulinemia (646±52 pmol/L) were similar during all clamp studies. Autonomic nervous system, neuroendocrine and metabolic counterregulatory responses remained unchanged in the placebo group. However, fluoxetine administration significantly (p<0.05) increased key ANS (epinephrine, norepinephrine, MSNA), metabolic (Endogenous glucose production (EGP), lipolysis) and cardiovascular (systolic blood pressure) counterregulatory responses during hypoglycemia. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that 6 weeks administration of the SSRI, fluoxetine, can amplify ANS and metabolic counterregulatory mechanisms during moderate hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. These data also suggest that the use of fluoxetine may be useful in increasing epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia in clinical practice.
Effect of Methyl Bromide Alternatives on Plant Parasitic Nematodes and Grape Yield under Vineyard Replant Conditions

Preplant fumigants and nematode-resistant rootstocks were evaluated as alternatives to methyl bromide in a vineyard replant situation. Two months after fumigation, Thompson Seedless on its own roots, Merlot on 1103 Paulsen rootstock, and Thompson Seedless on Freedom rootstock were planted. The study revealed that 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin (578 kg/ha shank injected), iodomethane plus chloropicrin (515 kg/ha shank injected or 448 kg/ha drip applied), and propargyl bromide (221 kg/ha shank injected or 207 kg/ha drip applied) generally controlled root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and citrus (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) nematodes as well as methyl bromide (507 kg/ha shank injected) over an 8-year evaluation period. Sodium azide (336 kg/ha drip applied followed with either a water cap or tarp), metam sodium (124 kg/ha applied with microspray sprinklers), and chloropicrin alone (448 kg/ha drip applied) were less effective. In general, the effect of fumigants on nematode control was very evident in the own-rooted Thompson Seedless. The 1103P rootstock was partially tolerant to root-knot and citrus nematodes for the first 3 to 4 years, respectively, before nematode populations began to rebuild. In contrast, Freedom rootstock proved to be highly resistant and kept root-knot nematode populations low during the 8-year evaluation. However, preplant fumigation is still likely to be required in fields where citrus nematodes are present. Application of propargyl bromide and replanting with Merlot on 1103P rootstock was the only fumigant-rootstock combination that resulted in grape yield similar to methyl bromide. However, this effect was observed only during the first four years of fruit production. The other fumigant and cultivar combinations did not result in yield differences compared to the untreated control.
Antimicrobial activity of juglone

The juice of freshly macerated unripe hulls of the black walnut (Juglans nigra) has been used for many years in folk medicine as a treatment for localized, topical fungal infections such as ringworm. It has been proposed that the biological activity of the walnut hulls is due to the presence of the simple naphthoquinone, juglone (5‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone), which has been isolated from the unripe hulls by sublimation. Since the fresh juice of unripe walnut hulls is utilized for the treatment of ringworm, and since it has been speculated that the activity is due to the presence of juglone, it was of interest to determine the efficacy of juglone as compared to standard commercially available antifungal agents. The comparative efficacy was determined by evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of juglone and the standard antifungal agents clotrimazole, triacetin, tolnaftate, griseofulvin, zinc undecylenate, selenium sulfide as well as two investigational antifungal antibiotics, liriodenine and liriodenine methiodide, for two dermatophytes, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum. MIC values for juglone showed it to have moderate antifungal activity and to be as effective as certain commercially available antifungal agents such as zinc undecylenate and selenium sulfide.
Influence of thermal treatment on the structure and in vitro bioactivity of sol-gel prepared CaO-SiO2-P2O5 glass-ceramics

Nowadays there is a substantial practical interest in the in vitro bioactivity of calcium silicate phosphate (CSP) glass-ceramics and carbonate apatite (CO3HA) formation on their surfaces after in vitro test in simulated body fluid (SBF). The main purpose of the presented article is the evaluation of the chemical composition of the gel with nominal composition 70.59 CaO:28.23 SiO2:1.18 P2O5 (mol.%) on the structure, crystallization behaviour and in vitro bioactivity in SBF solution for 14 and 28 days. The prepared glass-ceramics have been synthesized via a polystep sol-gel method. The structure of the obtaining samples was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). After thermal treatment of the samples XRD confirmed the presence of β-Ca2SiO4 and Ca15(PO4)2(SiO4)6, and indicated that at 1500°C Ca15(PO4)2(SiO4)6 becomes predominant phase. FTIR revealed the presence of all characteristics bands for calcium silicate phosphate (CSP) bonds. SEM monitors the presence of particles with different morphology. After in vitro test in SBF, FTIR depicted that B-type carbonate containing hydroxyapatite (CO3HA) is preferentially formed on the immersed glass-ceramics. SEMof the precipitated layers showed the presence of HA spheres. The changes in SBF solution after soaking the samples were recorded by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).