Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Bisorbicillinoid in Trichoderma sp. USF-2690; Evidence for the Biosynthetic Pathway, via Sorbicillinol, of Sorbicillin, Bisorbicillinol, Bisorbibutenolide, and…

An incorporation study of [1-13C] and [1,2-13C2] labeled sodium acetates into sorbicillinol 1 established a ring closure system between C-1 and C-6 and the positions that were oxidized and/or methylated on a hexaketide chain. Subsequent investigations, using 13C-labeled 1 prepared from [1-13C] labeled sodium acetate, clearly demonstrated that both bisorbicillinol 2 and sorbicillin 6 incorporated 13C-labeled 1 into their carbon skeletons. 13C-labeled bisorbicillinols 2 derived from [1-13C]- and [2-13C]-labeled sodium acetates clearly indicate that these were on the biosynthetic route from 1 to bisorbibutenolide (bislongiquinolide) 3 and bisorbicillinolide 4 via 2 as a branching point in the fungus.
The listening-helper source-coding problem for a doubly symmetric binary source

In the listening-helper source-coding problem Encoder 1 and Decoder 1 observe respectively a pair of i.i. d. correlated sources and both wish to communicate the first source to Decoder 2 subject to a distortion constraint. Encoder 1 sends a message to both decoders and then Decoder 1 - the listening-helper - sends a message just to Decoder 2. For the case of a doubly binary symmetric source and Hamming distortion we determine the rate region for this problem as a function of the distortion constraint. In the derivation of the outer bound we show that the evaluation may be restricted to a set of auxiliary random variables satisfying a long Markov structure.
Lim mineralization protein-1 knockout mice have reduced spine trabecular bone density on microcomputed tomography due to decreased bone morphogenetic protein responsiveness.

B one morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 has been shown to be a potent enhancer of spine fusion, but its role in osteoporosis has not yet been defined. The number of vertebral compression fractures related to osteoporosis is expected to double by 2025, and the total cost of osteoporotic fractures is expected to reach $228 billion for 2016 to 2025. An animal model with decreased global bone density and decreased responsiveness to BMPs could prove instrumental in identifying and testing novel therapeutics for this disease process. Because of BMP-2’s critical role in development, attempted knockout (KO) of the BMP-2 gene has proven embryonically lethal. Thus, studying the loss of function of BMP-2 with the use of a transgenic approach will require a different strategy. Lim mineralization protein-1 (LMP) is an intracellular protein that enhances cellular responsiveness to the BMP pathway and plays a critical role in osteoblast differentiation. Canonical BMP-2 signaling is reliant on Smad proteins, which are the key intracellular signal transduction proteins. LMP exerts its effect by binding to and inhibiting the E3 ligase, Smurf1, blocking its normal function of facilitating degradation of Smads 1/5/8. A synthetic small molecule mimicking the active site of LMP has recently been shown to potentiate the transdifferentiation of mouse myoblasts toward the osteoblastic phenotype. Conversely, preliminary data from our laboratory demonstrated that inhibiting the LMP protein with small interfering (si) RNA blocked osteoblast differentiation (Figure 1). To model globally decreased BMP responsiveness, we generated an LMP KO mouse and hypothesized it would have decreased bone density.
Suivi régional des nutriments sur le littoral Nord - Pas De Calais/Picardie - Bilan de l'année 2004

Le littoral Nord - Pas de Calais montre de nombreux signes de dysfonctionnements induits principalement par l'activite anthropique. Ces signes se manifestent presque toujours par un desequilibre des populations qu'elles soient animales ou vegetales. En effet, certaines especes dominent. C'est le cas de la Prymnesiphycee Phaeocystis sp. , une algue phytoplanctonique naturelle qui prolifere tous les ans au printemps. Le cycle de developpement de l'espece semble evoluer depuis quelques annees (modification de l'amplitude, de la duree, et de l'extension graphique du bloom) et est fortement lie a la dynamique des sels nutritifs comme les nitrates et les phosphates par exemple. Dans le cadre de l'evaluation de l'influence des apports continentaux en elements nutritifs sur d'eventuels processus d'eutrophisation du milieu marin, de l'estimation de l'efficacite des stations d'epuration a eliminer de telles substances et afin d'etablir un suivi a long terme permettant de suivre l'evolution de la qualite des eaux littorales, le reseau de Suivi Regional des Nutriments (SRN) a ete mis en place par l'IFREMER en collaboration avec l'agence de l'eau Artois Picardie en 1992. Ce rapport presente le bilan de l'annee 2004, en terme d'evolution temporelle des principaux parametres physico-chimiques caracteristiques au niveau des points de surveillance de trois radiales situees a Dunkerque, a Boulogne Sur Mer et en Baie de Somme.
Regional and cellular localization of the CXCl12/SDF‐1 chemokine receptor CXCR7 in the developing and adult rat brain

The chemokine stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) regulates neuronal development via the chemokine receptor CXCR4. In the adult brain the SDF‐1/CXCR4 system was implicated in neurogenesis, neuromodulation, brain inflammation, tumor growth, and HIV encephalopathy. Until the recent identification of RDC1/CXCR7 as the second SDF‐1 receptor, CXCR4 was considered to be the only receptor for SDF‐1. Here we provide the first map of CXCR7 mRNA expression in the embryonic and adult rat brain. At embryonic stages, CXCR7 and CXCR4 were codistributed in the germinative zone of the ganglionic eminences, caudate putamen, and along the routes of GABAergic precursors migrating toward the cortex. In the cortex, CXCR7 was identified in GABAergic precursors and in some reelin‐expressing Cajal‐Retzius cells. Unlike CXCR4, CXCR7 was abundant in neurons forming the cortical plate and sparse in the developing dentate gyrus and cerebellar external germinal layer. In the adult brain, CXCR7 was expressed by blood vessels, pyramidal cells in CA3, and mature dentate gyrus granule cells, which is reminiscent of the SDF‐1 pattern. CXCR7 and CXCR4 overlapped in the wall of the four ventricles. Further neuronal structures expressing CXCR7 comprised the olfactory bulb, accumbens shell, supraoptic and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei, medial thalamus, and brain stem motor nuclei. Also, GLAST‐expressing astrocytes showed signals for CXCR7. Thus, CXCR4 and CXCR7 may cooperate or act independently in SDF‐1‐dependent neuronal development. In mature neurons and blood vessels CXCR7 appears to be the preponderant SDF‐1‐receptor. Indexing terms: J. Comp. Neurol. 510:207–220, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A SiC-Based Matrix Converter Topology for Inductive Power Transfer System

Typical inductive power transfer (IPT) systems employ two power conversion stages to generate a high-frequency primary current from low-frequency utility supply. This paper proposes a matrix-converter-based IPT system, which employs high-speed SiC devices to facilitate the generation of high-frequency current through a single power conversion stage. The proposed matrix converter topology transforms a three-phase low-frequency voltage system to a high-frequency single-phase voltage, which, in turn, powers a series compensated IPT system. A comprehensive mathematical model is developed and power losses are evaluated to investigate the efficiency of the proposed converter topology. Theoretical results are presented with simulations, which are performed in MATLAB/Simulink, in comparison to a conventional two-stage converter. Experimental evident of a prototype IPT system is also presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed concept.
Breast cancer: regional blood flow and blood volume measured with magnetic susceptibility-based MR imaging--initial results.

The purpose of this study was to quantify microcirculation in breast neoplasms with magnetic susceptibility-based contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. With this imaging method for invasive cancers, the mean values of the ratios of tumor to normal blood flow and blood volume were significantly higher (P <.002) than those for benign or normal tissue. The method allows independent measurement of regional blood flow and blood volume in breast cancers.
Salt-sensitive hypertension--update on novel findings.

The association between a high salt intake and hardened pulse was already known 4500 years ago [1], but our understanding of the central role played by the kidneys in the sodium-driven increase in blood pressure is rooted in the studies of Guyton and co-workers [2], who postulated that restoration of sodium balance after salt intake depends on a natriuretic response, driven by a transient rise in blood pressure. In essence, the blood pressure increment serves as a physiological response directed to maintain sodium balance and extracellular volume (ECV) within normal limits. Impairment of the mechanisms responsible for the pressure-natriuresis relationship will shift the curve ‘to the right’, so that higher blood pressure levels are needed to achieve the increments in urinary sodium excretion required to maintain homeostasis and the system is thereby reset at a higher blood pressure level. Sodium loading is almost uniformly associated with an increase in blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive individuals [3]. Therefore, the notion of salt sensitivity implies an exaggerated response to changes in sodium balance. The most widely used method of assessing salt sensitivity is that proposed by Weinberger et al. [3], which is based on the difference between the blood pressure found after administration of 2 l of saline and the blood pressure found after sodium depletion, using a low Na diet (10mMol/day) plus oral furosemide. Salt sensitivity was defined as a difference of 10mmHg between salt-loaded and saltdepleted states and salt-resistance, a difference of 5mmHg. Using these criteria, salt sensitivity was found in 51% of the hypertensive population (73% of African-American hypertensive patients) and 26% of the normotensive individuals [3]. While the problem of reproducibility has plagued many studies, Weinberger and co-workers have reported follow-up studies showing that a salt-sensitive state is persistent and reproducible over time and that salt-sensitive normotensive individuals develop hypertension more frequently than their salt-resistant counterparts [4]. Furthermore, salt-sensitive hypertensive patients have a 3-fold higher incidence of cardiovascular events [5]. Interestingly, salt sensitivity is associated with increased mortality independent of blood pressure [6]. As described later, this phenomenon points to the adverse direct actions of sodium.
Comfortably numb

tion of steroid psychosis. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 1979; 167: 229–36. 30. Naber D, Sand P, Heigl B. Psychopathological and neuropsychological effects of 8-days corticosteroid treatment. A prospective study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1996; 21: 25–31. 31. Sirois F. Steroid psychosis: a review. General Hospital Psychiatry 2003: 27– 33. 32. Sergent J, Lockshin M, Klempner M, Lipsky B. Central nervous system disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Therapy and prognosis. American Journal of Medicine 1975; 58: 644–54. 33. Rome H, Braceland F. The psychological response to ACTH, cortisone, hydrocortisone, and related steroid substances. American Journal of Psychiatry 1952; 108: 641–51. 34. Gallant C, Kenny P. Oral glucocorticoids and their complications. A review. Journal of the American Acadamy of Dermatology 1986; 14 (2 pt 1): 161–77. 35. D’Orban PT. Medicine and the law: steroid-induced psychosis. Lancet 1989; 8664: 694. 36. Perron G, Dolbec P, Germain J, B echard P. Perineal pruritus after iv dexamethasone administration. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 2003; 50: 749–50. 37. Crandell J. Perineal pruritus after the administration of iv dexamethasone. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 2004; 51: 398. 38. De Oliveira GJ, Castro-Alves L, Ahmad S, Kendall M, McCarthy R. Dexamethasone to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anesthesia and Analgesia 2013; 116: 58–74. 39. Carlisle JB. The analysis of 168 randomised controlled trials to test data integrity. Anaesthesia 2012; 67: 521– 37. 40. Yentis SM. Lies, damn lies, and statistics. Anaesthesia 2012; 67: 455–6.
Investigation of Topologies of Low Voltage Multilevel Inverters

This paper research on the topologies of main circuit of low-voltage high-performance power inverters. Two new topologies of multilevel inverter are proposed. Inverters with the proposal topologies share the advantages of simplicity of circuit and control method, fewer controllable semiconductor devices involved, high quality of output waveforms, high efficiency and so on. Simulations using PSIM 4.0 of the proposed adding-bidirectional-switch multilevel inverter based on multi-carrier SPWM method are carried out which proved the validity and practicability of the proposed topology.
Plant Glyoxylate/Succinic Semialdehyde Reductases: Comparative Biochemical Properties, Function during Chilling Stress, and Subcellular Localization

Plant NADPH-dependent glyoxylate/succinic semialdehyde reductases 1 and 2 (cytosolic GLYR1 and plastidial/mitochondrial GLYR2) are considered to be of particular importance under abiotic stress conditions. Here, the apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) GLYR1s and GLYR2s were characterized and their kinetic properties were compared to those of previously characterized GLYRs from Arabidopsis thaliana [L. ] Heynh. The purified recombinant GLYRs had an affinity for glyoxylate and succinic semialdehyde, respectively, in the low micromolar and millimolar ranges, and were inhibited by NADP+. Comparison of the GLYR activity in cell-free extracts from wild-type Arabidopsis and a glyr1 knockout mutant revealed that approximately 85 and 15% of the cellular GLYR activity is cytosolic and plastidial/mitochondrial, respectively. Recovery of GLYR activity in purified mitochondria from the Arabidopsis glyr1 mutant, free from cytosolic GLYR1 or plastidial GLYR2 contamination, provided additional support for the targeting of GLYR2 to mitochondria, as well as plastids. The growth of plantlets or roots of various Arabidopsis lines with altered GLYR activity responded differentially to succinic semialdehyde or glyoxylate under chilling conditions. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential regulation of highly conserved plant GLYRs by NADPH/NADP+ ratios in planta, and their roles in the reduction of toxic aldehydes in plants subjected to chilling stress.
The common genetic hypothesis of autoimmune/inflammatory disease

Individual inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are discrete clinical entities. The clinical presentation of any specific inflammatory disease is the culmination of complex interactions between genetics, primary and secondary immune effector mechanisms, and environmental triggers. Although often different in clinical presentation, common cellular and molecular immune pathways have been shown to be intimately involved in the destruction of different target tissues in different disease states, which ultimately defines specific diseases. At the genetic level, comparative genomic analysis of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders suggests shared genetic components for these clinically related diseases. This leads to a common genetic hypothesis which states that, unlike classical mendelian genetic disorders, common autoimmune and inflammatory disorders arise from combinatorial interactions of common non-disease specific loci, disease specific loci, and specific environmental triggers.
Response of a Short-Dipole Probe to a Nonuniform $E$ -Field of a TEM Cell

A transverse electromagnetic cell is often used as a standard field generator since the E-field strength can be predicted using a simple formula. However, the E-field of the cell varies with respect to the location, and the estimated E-field strength is valid only at the center of the cell. Accordingly, the probe size should be sufficiently small compared with the field variation to ignore the nonuniformity of the field. Although the nonuniformity of the incident field can be improved by using a large cell, the usable upper frequency becomes low. In this paper, probe responses to the nonuniform E-field of a cell are investigated by a sequentially combined numerical method. The proposed method is validated by the comparison of the calculated results with the measured ones.
Effects of aerobic training on psychosocial morbidity and symptoms in patients with asthma: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Asthma symptoms reduce patients' daily activities, impair their health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and increase their reports of anxiety and depression, all of which seem to be related to a decrease in asthma control. Aerobic exercise training is known to improve aerobic fitness and reduce dyspnea in asthmatics; however, its effect in reducing psychologic distress and symptoms remains poorly understood. We evaluated the role of an aerobic training program in improving HRQoL (primary aim) and reducing psychologic distress and asthma symptoms (secondary aims) for patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma. METHODS A total of 101 patients were randomly assigned to either a control group or an aerobic training group and studied during the period between medical consultations. Control group patients (educational program plus breathing exercises) (n = 51) and training group patients (educational program plus breathing exercises plus aerobic training) (n = 50) were followed twice a week during a 3-month period. HRQoL and levels of anxiety and depression were quantified before and after treatment. Asthma symptoms were evaluated monthly. RESULTS At 3 months, the domains (physical limitations, frequency of symptoms, and psychosocial) and total scores of HRQoL significantly improved only in the training group patients (P < .001); the number of asthma-symptom-free days and anxiety and depression levels also significantly improved in this group (P < .001). In addition, a linear relationship between improvement in aerobic capacity and the days without asthma symptoms was observed (r = 0.47; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that aerobic training can play an important role in the clinical management of patients with persistent asthma. Further, they may be especially useful for patients with higher degrees of psychosocial distress. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov; Identifier: NCT-00989365.
Limitations in the Use of Achievement Tests as Measures of Educators' Productivity

Test-based accountability rests on the assumption that accountability for scores on tests will provide needed incentives for teachers to improve student performance. Evidence shows, however, that simple test-based accountability can generate perverse incentives and seriously inflated scores. This paper discusses the logic of achievement tests, issues that arise in using them as proxy indicators of educational quality, and the mechanism underlying the inflation of scores. It ends with suggestions, some speculative, for improving the incentives faced by teachers by modifying systems of student assessment and combining them with numerous other measures, many of which are more subjective than are test scores.
A regenerative braking system using a Torus machine

This paper presents a study of a regenerative braking system for a Torus machine. The focus is on the analysis of a potential application in a system for energy recovery from regenerative braking. The energy generated is supplied to an energy storage system. One of the main results of this method is the possibility of braking intensity control through control of the energy stored in the inductance of the machine. The braking maximum efficiency reached 82.2 %.
Bioactive Constituents as a Potential Agent in Sesa me for Functional and Nutritional Application

Sesame seeds have been grown since ages in tropical regions in almost all parts of the world. Sesame is a flowerin g plant which is cultivated throughout the countries. Sesame is and foremost important and one of the oldest oilseed known to man. This wonder oilseed is a baggage of nutritive value as well medicinal properties. In ancient India, sesame oil was frequently used as a chief ingredient in variou s ayurvedic preparations and remedies. In countries like Japan and China ses ame oil was also used for providing energy, soothing mind, preventing agi ng and for good health. Sesame contains approximately 50% of oil which is highly resistant to oxidative stability. Along with oil sesame is an af fluent source of nutritious protein, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, zinc, magnesi um and many other minerals. Sesame seeds both directly and in roasted in various traditional confections in India in the form of laddus, chikki, tilgulpoli etc. Sesame seed is also used as a major ingredient in many int ernational cuisines like Tahini, Daqqa, Gyintholik etc. Sesame is a good source of bioactive constituents. These bioactive constituents include lignans, tocopherol and phytosterols. Lignans are the oxidative coupling pr oducts of βhydroxyphenylpropane. Sesame contains both oil- dispersed lignans and glycosylated lignans. Many of these glycosylated li gnans are interconvertible and have tremendous medicinal properties. Sesame seeds majorly contain sesamin, sesamolin, sesaminol, sesa mol and many other lignans. These lignans have many pharmacological properties e.g. antioxidant activity, antiproliferative activity, e nhancing antioxidant act of Vitamin‐E in lipid peroxidation systems, lowering c holesterol, neuroprotective effects, reducing the incidences of breast and prostate cancer etc. The tocopherols, the major vitamin E pl ay a crucial role in prevention of human. Tocopherol vitamers are free r adical scavengers that work as lipid soluble antioxidants. Sesame contains both α and γ tocopherols. The collaborative synergy of γ tocopherol with sesaminol or sesamin of sesame seeds makes it to comparable to t hat of α tocopherol. Sesame seeds contain nearly 400-413 mg/100g of the phytosterols. These phytosterols reduces blood cholesterol levels by re sembling to cholesterol in humans. They are also capable in anti- cancer, a nti- atherosclerotic, antiinflammatory and anti- oxidative effects.
Monocyte enrichment from leukapharesis products for the generation of DCs by plastic adherence, or by positive or negative selection.

BACKGROUND DCs for use in immunotherapy are frequently generated from peripheral blood monocytes. However, there are different approaches to monocyte enrichment. METHOD Plastic adherence is a widely used method for the enrichment of monocytes collected in a leukapheresis procedure. Alternatively,monocytes may be enriched by positive selection using magnetic beads coupled to CD14 Abs, or by cell depletion using beads coupled to Abs against CD2 and CD19 to remove non-monocytes. RESULTS Positive selection resulted in the highest purity of immature DCs (97 +/- 1%), but in a low yield (8 +/- 3%). In contrast, depletion of non-monocytes gave a good yield (21 +/- 6%), but insufficient purity (42 +/- 10%). Conventional adherence procedures resulted in a good yield (25 +/- 5%) and reasonable purity (72 +/- 4%). All three monocyte enrichment procedures resulted in DCs that underwent maturation upon exposure to a combination of lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma. These DCs had a typical immune phenotype, they released similar amounts of IL-12, and had the capacity to support MLR. CONCLUSION Our data provide a basis to choose a monocyte enrichment procedure that favors high purity or a high yield. However, if a manual open system suffices, plastic adherence is a reasonable alternative.