Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovering missing data in three dimensional gait measurement

The main goal of our research is to construct a gait model that utilizes three information: three dimensional position of human body parts, myoelectric wave, and floor reaction pattern. This model aims at generating one of the three information when the other two information are given. We, however, encountered a problem in which the motion capture to contain maker occlusion. To solve for the relationship between the three data, we need obtain the non-missing data. This paper mainly focuses on interpolating the missing three dimensional position when the human body parts are out of the range of the motion capture camera. The result of the interpolation method to recover the best correct data is introduced and compared.
Comparison between Linear and Non-Linear Crop Acreage Estimation Methods

This study employs sub-pixel classification methods to estimate crop acreage using low resolution satellite images. Linear mixture and Neural Network Methods examined the relationship between the value of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the context of Iran and crop acreage that reported by administrative office. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) offers a unique combination of spectral, temporal, and spatial resolution compared to previous global sensors, making it a good candidate for large-scale crop type mapping. However, because of sub-pixel heterogeneity, the application of traditional hard classification approach to MODIS may result in significant errors in crop area estimation. Fars province in south of Iran was selected as test zone, because of the cover type of the large majority of agricultural fields. Neural network model and Linear Mixture model were investigated and result in area fraction images (AFIs). The AFIs contain for each 250 m pixel the estimated area proportions occupied by the different cover types (crops or other land use). The algorithm was trained with both of reference data and in situ data which collected by GPS in Marvdasht District. For the major classes (winter wheat, maize and other crops) the obtained acreage estimates showed good agreement with the true values (NNR2390% and LMMR2385%). These methods seem attractive for wide-scale, regional area estimation in the countries that appropriate data are not available.
A novel method to integrate spatial data mining and geographic information system

GIS is a good spatial analysis tool, nevertheless, as the accumulation of spatial data, the functions that GIS offers are not enough. Spatial data mining, which can automatically discover implicit knowledge from spatial data, has recently received wide attention. However, the spatial data mining systems are not competent for preprocessing and presenting spatial data. Hence, the idea to integrate spatial data mining and GIS is straightforward. In this paper, we propose a novel method to integrate spatial data mining and GIS. This method is implemented with SPMML, an XML-based language that is extended from PMML. We build a prototype system with this method and it works well.
Mixed Convection in Cylinders - A Comprehensive Overview and Understanding

: This paper gives a comprehensive overview and understanding related with mixed convection in cylinders. About onehundred papers which are published in different local and international journals and conferences started from the past decade until the recent years are collected and described in various sections to give both researchers and readers a good overview and a solid background about mixed convection flow and heat transfer in cylinders to develop their future researches. In addition, the papers reviewed including numerical, analytical and experimental works related with mixed convection in cylinders are grouped into categories which collect papers with the same research subject. Moreover, mixed convection in horizontal , vertical and rotating cylinders subjected to a different boundary conditions as well as cylinders embedded inside a channel , annulus and cavity are described and reviewed.
Future perspectives on the treatment of cognitive deficits and negative symptoms in schizophrenia

Drug discovery based on classic models for cognitive impairment and negative symptoms of schizophrenia have met with only modest success. Because cognitive impairment and negative symptoms may result from disruptions in neurodevelopment, more complex developmental models that integrate environmental and genetic risk factors are needed. In addition, it has become clear that biochemical pathways involved in schizophrenia form complex, interconnected networks. Points at which risk factors converge, such as brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and protein kinase B (AKT), and from which processes involved in neuroplasticity diverge, are of particular interest for pharmacologic interventions. This paper reviews elements of neurodevelopmental models for cognitive deficits and negative symptoms of schizophrenia with the aim of identifying potential targets for interventions.
Detection of Cyclin D 1 Protein and Ki 67 among Sudanese B lymphoma Patients

This is a descriptive retrospective case study aimed to detect cyclin d1, Ki67 index among lymphoma patients by using immunohistochemical method. Fifty formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks (FFPB) specimens were selected for this study. Sections were cut by rotary microtome then stained by immunohistochemical method (new indirect method). The ages of the involved patients ranged between 4 years to 80 years with mean age 51 years. Most of the patients were aggregating at age older than 40 years representing 39 (78%) and the remaining 11 (22%) were younger than 40 years. Thirty three (66%) of the patients were males and 17 (34%) patients were females. Histopathological diagnosed of samples revealed that 20 (40%) samples were diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 13(26%) samples were small lymphocytic lymphoma, 8 (16%) samples were Mantle lymphoma, 5(10%) samples were follicular lymphoma and 4(8%) samples were Burkitt lymphoma patients. Cyclin d1 expression showed positive in 2 (4%) samples and negative in18 (36%) samples among diffuse large B cell lymphoma, among small lymphocytic lymphoma showed 3 (6%) positive samples and 10 (20%) negative samples were, all Mantle lymphoma samples Sanaa Abdallah Mohmmed Omer, Abu Elgasim Abass Awad ElkareemDetection of Cyclin D1 Protein and Ki67 among Sudanese B lymphoma Patients EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. III, Issue 9 / December 2015 10247 showed positive result 8 (16%), 2 (4%) positive samples and 3 (6%) negative samples among follicular lymphoma and no expression among Burkitt lymphoma with statistical significance association (P value = 0.00). Ki67 index showed that diffuse large B cell lymphoma mean (50 ±11.5), small lymphocytic lymphoma mean (20± 16), Mantle lymphoma mean (55 ±3), Burkitt lymphoma mean (97± 11), and follicular lymphoma mean (30± 22) with statistical significance association (P value = 0.00). The study concluded that cyclin d1 and Ki67 index are associated with B lymphomas type.
Allowing for imprecision of the intracluster correlation coefficient in the design of cluster randomized trials

The sample size required for a cluster randomized trial depends on the magnitude of the intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC). The usual sample size calculation makes no allowance for the fact that the ICC is not known precisely in advance. We develop methods which allow for the uncertainty in a previously observed ICC, using a variety of distributional assumptions. Distributions for the power are derived, reflecting this uncertainty. Further, the observed ICC in a future study will not equal its true value, and we consider the impact of this on power. We implement calculations within a Bayesian simulation approach, and provide one simplification that can be performed using simple simulation within spreadsheet software. In our examples, recognizing the uncertainty in a previous ICC estimate decreases expected power, especially when the power calculated naively from the ICC estimate is high. To protect against the possibility of low power, sample sizes may need to be very substantially increased. Recognizing the variability in the future observed ICC has little effect if prior uncertainty has already been taken into account. We show how our method can be extended to the case in which multiple prior ICC estimates are available. The methods presented in this paper can be used by applied researchers to protect against loss of power, or to choose a design which reduces the impact of uncertainty in the ICC. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Xrcc3 is recruited to DNA double strand breaks early and independent of Rad51

Rad51‐mediated homologous recombination (HR) is essential for maintenance of genome integrity. The Xrcc3 protein functions in HR DNA repair, and studies suggest it has multiple roles at different stages in this pathway. Defects in vertebrate XRCC3 result in elevated levels of spontaneous and DNA damage‐induced chromosomal abnormalities, as well as increased sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. Formation of DNA damaged‐induced nuclear Rad51 foci requires Xrcc3 and the other Rad51 paralog proteins (Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D, Xrcc2), thus supporting a model in which an early function of Xrcc3 involves promoting assembly of active Rad51 repair complexes. However, it is not known whether Xrcc3 or other Rad51 paralog proteins accumulate at DNA breaks, and if they do whether their stable association with breaks requires Rad51. Here we report for the first time that Xrcc3 forms distinct foci in human cells and that nuclear Xrcc3 begins to localize at sites of DNA damage within 10 min after radiation treatment. RNAi‐mediated knock down of Rad51 has no effect on the DNA damage‐induced localization of Xrcc3 to DNA breaks. Our data are consistent with a model in which Xrcc3 associates directly with DNA breaks independent of Rad51, and subsequently facilitates formation of the Rad51 nucleoprotein filament. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The use of acellular dermal matrix in reconstruction of complex scalp defects.

Multi-focal basal or squamous cell carcinomas of the scalp, as well as recurrent tumors or previously irradiated lesions, always require large full thickness excision to achieve successful and complete healing. Loco-regional or micro-vascular flaps are the gold standard for closure of complex defects of the scalp but in some, especially older, patients, these techniques may be contraindicated. Over the last few years, the introduction of dermal substitutes has improved wound healing and modified surgical strategies in the treatment of complex tissue loss. Matriderm s (Eurosurgical Limited, Guildford, UK) is an acellular dermal substitute constituted by a matrix of type 1 bovine collagen and elastin, with a thickness of 1 to 2mm and pores of about 75mm. Since its introduction in clinical practice, it has been used in the reconstruction of tissue following burns or complex wounds, 1,2 but few studies have focused on its use in the craniofacial region and no studies appear to have evaluated its usefulness in scalp reconstruction. Herewith, we report our personal experience using this acellular dermal matrix in a complex scalp reconstruction, comparing the esthetic outcome to that of a previous full-thickness skin graft in the same region.
Tumor necrosis factor p55 and p75 receptors are involved in chemical‐induced apoptosis of dentate granule neurons

Localized tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) elevation has diverse effects in brain injury often attributed to signaling via TNFp55 or TNFp75 receptors. Both dentate granule cells and CA pyramidal cells express TNF receptors (TNFR) at low levels in a punctate pattern. Using a model to induce selective death of dentate granule cells (trimethyltin; 2 mg/kg, i.p.), neuronal apoptosis [terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin in situ end labeling, active caspase 3 (AC3)] was accompanied by amoeboid microglia and elevated TNFα mRNA levels. TNFp55R (55 kDa type‐1 TNFR) and TNFp75R (75 kDa type‐2 TNFR) immunoreactivity in AC3+ neurons displayed a pattern suggestive of receptor internalization and a temporal sequence of expression of TNFp55R followed by TNFp75R associated with the progression of apoptosis. A distinct ramified microglia response occurred around CA1 neurons and healthy dentate neurons that displayed an increase in the normal punctate pattern of TNFRs. Neuronal damage was decreased with i.c. v. injection of TNFα antibody and in TNFp55R−/−p75R−/− mice that showed higher constitutive mRNA levels for interleukin (IL‐1α), macrophage inflammatory protein 1‐α (MIP‐1α), TNFα, transforming growth factor β1, Fas, and TNFRSF6‐assoicated via death domain (FADD). TNFp75R−/− mice showed exacerbated injury and elevated mRNA levels for IL‐1α, MIP‐1α, and TNFα. In TNFp55R−/− mice, constitutive mRNA levels for TNFα, IL‐6, caspase 8, FADD, and Fas‐associated phosphatase were higher; IL‐1α, MIP‐1α, and transforming growth factor β1 lower. The mice displayed exacerbated neuronal death, delayed microglia response, increased FADD and TNFp75R mRNA levels, and co‐expression of TNFp75R in AC3+ neurons. The data demonstrate TNFR‐mediated apoptotic death of dentate granule neurons utilizing both TNFRs and suggest a TNFp75R‐mediated apoptosis in the absence of normal TNFp55R activity.
Strategies for Business Process Reengineering: Evidence from Field Studies

This paper reports on early results from case study research into the relationship between business process reengineering (BPR) and strategic planning. First a framework for analysis is proposed based on the concept of alignment. This "process alignment model" comprises four lenses of enquiry: process, strategy, information systems, and change management and control. Four case studies are then described, selected from a wider sample to demonstrate variation across the four domains. A taxonomy of strategies for BPR is derived from the case studies. This taxonomy suggests a richer variety of BPR practice than has been documented to date and provides an opportunity and platform for further research.
Ageing of population and health care expenditure: a red herring?

This paper studies the relationship between health care expenditure (HCE) and age, using longitudinal rather than cross-sectional data. The econometric analysis of HCE in the last eight quarters of life of individuals who died during the period 1983-1992 indicates that HCE depends on remaining lifetime but not on calendar age, at least beyond 65+. The positive relationship between age and HCE observed in cross-sectional data may be caused by the simple fact that at age 80, for example, there are many more individuals living in their last 2 years than at age 65. The limited impact of age on HCE suggests that population ageing may contribute much less to future growth of the health care sector than claimed by most observers.
Teratozoospermia influences fertilization rate in vitro but not embryo quality.

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the overall results and embryo quality in 102 cycles of in-vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer using normal frozen donor semen (group D) and 94 cycles of IVF-embryo transfer using husbands' teratozoospermic sperm (group T). Donor semen was purchased from men with proven fertility and normal semen parameters. Teratozoospermia was defined in group T as the presence of <20% of normal spermatozoa in semen on the day of oocyte retrieval. Exclusion criteria were a sperm count <10 x 10(6)/ml or with <10% progressive motility. Fertilization rate, transfer rate and number of transferred embryos per cycle were significantly lower in the teratozoospermic group (45 vs 72%, 66 vs 96%, 1.7 vs 2.9%, respectively). Pregnancy rate per cycle was also lower, but not significantly (18 vs 28%). However, pregnancy rate per transfer, implantation rate per transferred embryo and take home baby rate were comparable (27 vs 30%, 15 vs 15%, 21 vs 24%, respectively). Similarly, embryo quality in terms of number of embryos displaying fragmentations or irregular cells, cleavage stages and embryo scores were comparable. When group T was divided into two subgroups according to sperm count (group T1: sperm count = 10-20 x 10(6)/ml; group T2: sperm count >20 x 10(6)/ml), there was no difference between them with regard to fertilization rate, pregnancy rate or embryo quality. This study confirms low pregnancy rate per cycle in IVF-embryo transfer using teratozoospermic semen, but demonstrates for the first time that embryo quality and viability are not impaired. It is proposed that the poor pregnancy rate per cycle obtained is due only to the poor fertilization rate, and to the subsequent limited choice of embryos to be transferred.
Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of methanol extract of Cassia fistula seeds.

The methanol extract of Cassia fistula seeds was investigated for potential antimicrobial activity against medically important bacterial, yeast and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in methanol extract using the disk diffusion technique and the broth dilution method. The extract was effective on tested microorganism and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were found in the range of 1.563- 50.00 mg/ml. Apart from that, the methanolic extract of C. fistula seeds was further tested for in vivo brine shrimp lethality test. The brine shrimp lethality test exhibited no significant toxicity (LC 50 = 2.11mg/ml) against Artemia salina. The C. fistula seeds extract with high LC50 value signified that this plant is not toxic to human. Hence, this plant can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals that address not fulfilled therapeutic needs.
Solutions to conjectures on the (k,ℓ)‐rainbow index of complete graphs

The (k,ℓ) ‐rainbow index rxk,ℓ(G) of a graph G was introduced by Chartrand et al. (Network 54(2) (2009), 75–81; 55 (2010), 360–367). For the complete graph Kn of order n≥6 , they showed that rx3,ℓ(Kn)=3 for ℓ=1,2 . Furthermore, they conjectured that for every positive integer ℓ , there exists a positive integer N such that rx3,ℓ(Kn)=3 for every integer n≥N . More generally, they conjectured that for every pair of positive integers k and ℓ with k≥3 , there exists a positive integer N such that rxk,ℓ(Kn)=k for every integer n≥N . This article provides solutions to these conjectures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 62(3), 220–224 2013
Luminescence characteristics for identifying irradiated black soybeans

Abstract Purpose: Considering the commercial use of food irradiation and the prevalence of international trade of irradiated food and agricultural commodities, black soybeans originating from China or Korea were irradiated at 0–5 kGy. Photostimulated luminescence (PSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) were investigated for their ability to identify characteristics that would distinguish irradiated from non-irradiated samples. Materials and methods: Dried black soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] were irradiated using a Co-60 gamma irradiator or an electron-beam accelerator and then analysed by PSL and TL. Results: PSL photon counts were higher in irradiated samples than in non-irradiated ones and increased with applied doses, making it possible to distinguish irradiated from non-irradiated samples. The TL analysis revealed glow curves (TL1) with low intensity for non-irradiated samples but a higher intensity (~200°C) for irradiated samples, showing increased intensities with radiation dose. The minerals were re-irradiated at 1 kGy and the second TL glow curve (TL2) was measured. Based on the calculated TL ratios (TL1/TL2) and the shape of TL1 glow curves, the irradiated samples could be distinguished from non-irradiated ones. Conclusions: PSL and TL are effective screening and reference methods for distinguishing gamma ray or electron beam irradiated black soybeans from non-irradiated black soybeans.
REP27, a Tetratricopeptide Repeat Nuclear-Encoded and Chloroplast-Localized Protein, Functions in D1/32-kD Reaction Center Protein Turnover and Photosystem II Repair from Photodamage1[OA]

The goal of this research is elucidation of the molecular mechanism for the unique photosystem II (PSII) damage and repair cycle in chloroplasts. A frequently occurring, irreversible photooxidative damage inhibits the PSII charge separation reaction and stops photosynthesis. The chloroplast PSII repair process rectifies this adverse effect by selectively removing and replacing the photoinactivated D1/32-kD reaction center protein (the chloroplast-encoded psbA gene product) from the massive (>1,000 kD) water-oxidizing and O2-evolving PSII holocomplex. DNA insertional mutagenesis in the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was applied for the isolation and characterization of rep27, a repair-aberrant mutant. Gene cloning and biochemical analyses in this mutant resulted in the identification of REP27, a nuclear gene encoding a putative chloroplast-targeted protein, which is specifically required for the completion of the D1 turnover process but is not essential for the de novo biogenesis and assembly of the PSII holocomplex in this model green alga. The REP27 protein contains two highly conserved tetratricopeptide repeats, postulated to facilitate the psbA mRNA cotranslational insertion of the nascent D1 protein in the existing PSII core template. Elucidation of the PSII repair mechanism may reveal the occurrence of hitherto unknown regulatory and catalytic reactions for the selective in situ replacement of specific proteins from within multiprotein complexes.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of 6,7-Disubstituted 4-Anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitriles. The Design of an Orally Active, Irreversible Inhibitor of the Tyrosine Kinase Activity of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2)

A series of of 6,7-disubstituted-4-anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives that function as irreversible inhibitors of EGFR and HER-2 kinases have been prepared. These inhibitors have, at the 6-position, butynamide, crotonamide, and methacrylamide Michael acceptors bearing water-solublilizing substituents. These compounds were prepared by acylation of 6-amino-4-(arylamino)quinoline-3-carbonitriles with unsaturated acid chlorides or mixed anhydrides. We performed competitive reactivity studies showing that attaching a dialkylamino group onto the end of the Michael acceptor results in compounds with greater reactivity due to intramolecular catalysis of the Michael addition. This, along with improved water-solubility results in compounds with enhanced biological properties. We present molecular modeling results consistent with the proposed mechanism of inhibition. One compound, 5 (EKB-569), which shows excellent oral in vivo activity, was selected for further studies and is currently in phase I clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.