Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vertical distribution of zooplankton in a shallow peatland pond: the limiting role of dissolved oxygen

We investigated the diel vertical distribution patterns of microcrustacean zooplankton (Cladocera, Copepoda) in a shallow pond (max. depth: 70 cm) of the Oreg-turjan peatland (Ocsa, Central Hungary) during three 24-h periods in July (19-20th), August (17-18th) and September (11-12th) 2011. Environmental variables showed remarkable vertical stratification. Oxygen concentration was close to zero in the entire water column from night until sunrise, while the lower strata (from 20 cm below the surface) were close to anoxic during all three diel cycles. It proved to be the main determinant of the vertical distribu- tion of microcrustaceans. Accordingly, the highest proportion of individuals was present in the surface layer. Chlorophyll-a concentration and phytoplankton biomass were inversely distributed compared to zoo- plankton. Microcrustaceans (mainly Daphnia curvirostris) migrated to the middle layer only in August, which could be explained by a trade-off between food resources, dissolved oxygen (DO) and competition with littor- al zooplankters. The diurnal density patterns of microcrustaceans suggested horizontal migration into the aquatic macrophytes during night, which could be a strategy to avoid Chaoborus predation. Our results show that strong vertical gradients of abiotic and biotic factors occur even in such shallow waterbodies. Among them, DO can maintain constant vertical aggregation of zooplankters by limiting their occurrence to the surface layers.
Goldcrest honey and its solvent extracts: A natural product with anti-Helicobacter pylori activity

This study evaluates the anti –Helicobacter pylori activity of Goldcrest honey at 10, 20, 50 and 75% v/v concentrations as well as its extracts (n-hexane, diethyl ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate) using the agar well diffusion technique. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) of the two most active extracts were determined by the broth microdilution assay and MICs were read by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) microtitre plate reader at 620 nm. The rate of kill of H. pylori strains by the most active extract was determined by viability studies over a period of 72 h. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% significance level. Goldcrest honey demonstrated anti-H. pylori activity, with the most potent activity at 75% concentration, with zone diameter in the range from 12.9 to 14.4 mm. Clarithromycin recorded a zone diameter of 18.0±7.4 mm not significantly different (P>0.05) from diethyl ether extract, with a zone diameter of 19.9±10.1 mm. MIC50 values of n-hexane and diethyl ether extracts were in the range of 0.039 to 10% and 0.078 to 10% (v/v), respectively. The bactericidal effect of n-hexane extract was highest at 4 × MIC concentration, within 30 to 72 h during which 100% of bacterial cells were killed. Goldcrest honey and its solvent extracts may contain potential lead molecules with anti-H. pylori activity. Further studies are therefore needed to determine their phytochemical constituents and activity. Key words: Goldcrest honey, antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), time kill assay, Helicobacter pylori.
Architecture of Tools and Processes for Affordable Vehicles

The focus of this paper is on the description of the recommended functional requirements for the software architecture that enables the integration of tools and processes for large scale affordable vehicles and propulsion systems. These include: integration, processes, tools, affordability, repeatability, sustainability, integrity, etc. Prior to the discussion of the recommended functional requirements a brief description is given on the two types of integration environments (Monolithic Environments and Best Class Environments) along with a categorization of the different type of tools considered to be integrated within the environment. The four categories of tools addressed are Groupware, Project Management, Product Data Management or Product Lifecycle, and Engineering tools.
Long-term working memory: A computational implementation for chess expertise

Long-term working memory (Ericsson and Kintsch, 1995) is a theory covering empirical data from several domains, including expert behaviour. One difficulty in applying and evaluating this theory, however, is that it is framed in rather general terms, and that several mechanisms and parameters are left unspecified. This paper proposes a computer implementation of the theory for a domain that Ericsson and Kintsch cover in depth, namely chess memory. Simulations of Saariluoma’s (1989) experiment where both game and random chess positions are presented auditorily make it possible to analyse two key ingredients of the theory: encoding through elaboration of LTM schemas and patterns, and encoding through retrieval structures. In the simulations, these mechanisms were modulated by two parameters. The results show that random positions, but not game positions, are sensitive to these parameters’ values.
The Parasites of Leaf-Hoppers : with Special Reference to the Biology of the Anteoninae

INTRODUCTION. The study of the parasites of the leaf-hoppers presents an interesting problem, not only from the practical standpoint, but from the biological as well. The economic status of the leafhoppers has been well established, and as a group they are now considered as including some of the more important insect pests. Therefore, their control by parasitism is significant as a natural check, and their parasites must be considered as dis-
Management Of The Difficult Airway In A Patient With Tuberous Sclerosis: A Case Report

During surgical procedures of head and neck lesions, management of the airway is always a problem and anticipation of difficulties in intubation have to observed, alternative maneuvers for intubation may be necessary. We present the case of an 18-year-old male with tuberous sclerosis who required intubation because of facial deformity secondary to progressive tumor growth and debunking was planned, modifications to classic maneuvers are discussed. We hope this case presentation will be valuable in increasing the awareness of physicians about this rare cause or difficult intubation, and to have in mind alternative maneuvers basically when limited resources are the main obstacle.
Some search twice

We consider duopoly pricing and sequential consumer search with the twist that the firms can make the search time-consuming. We provide a characterization of equilibria in which buyers search twice and sellers deliberately raise the search time despite the costs. The firms with low and intermediate prices let the consumers search freely. The firms with intermediate and high prices stop continued search. The opportunity cost of obfuscation is non-monotonic. We construct an explicit example that features a continuous price distribution on a connected support. The solution technique might be useful in applications. JEL Classification: D40, D82, D83
High-Resolution Wellbore Temperature Logging Combined with a Borehole-Scale Heat Budget: Conceptual and Analytical Approaches to Characterize Hydraulically Active Fractures and Groundwater Origin

This work aims to provide an overview of the thermal processes that shape wellbore temperature profiles under static and dynamic conditions. Understanding of the respective influences of advection and conduction heat fluxes is improved through the use of a new heat budget at the borehole scale. Keeping in mind the thermal processes involved, a qualitative interpretation of the temperature profiles allows the occurrence, the position, and the origin of groundwater flowing into wellbores from hydraulically active fractures to be constrained. With the use of a heat budget developed at the borehole scale, temperature logging efficiency has been quantitatively enhanced and allows inflow temperatures to be calculated through the simultaneous use of a flowmeter. Under certain hydraulic or pumping conditions, both inflow intensities and associated temperatures can also be directly modelled from temperature data and the use of the heat budget. Theoretical and applied examples of the heat budget application are provided. Applied examples are shown using high-resolution temperature logging, spinner flow metering, and televiewing for three wells installed in fractured bedrock aquifers in the St-Lawrence Lowlands, Quebec, Canada. Through relatively rapid manipulations, thermal measurements in such cases can be used to detect the intervals or discrete positions of hydraulically active fractures in wellbores, as well as the existence of ambient flows with a high degree of sensitivity, even at very low flows. Heat budget calculations at the borehole scale during pumping indicate that heat advection fluxes rapidly dominate over heat conduction fluxes with the borehole wall. The full characterization of inflow intensities provides information about the distribution of hydraulic properties with depth. The full knowledge of inflow temperatures indicates horizons that are drained from within the aquifer, providing advantageous information on the depth from which groundwater originates during pumping.
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP CURRICULUM CONTENTS AND OPENMINDEDNESS: IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS IDEA GENERATION OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The main objective of this study was to ascertain the effects of entrepreneurship curriculum contents on students’ critical thinking and generate business ideas. This study focused on the perceptions of Nigerian university students. Emphasis was laid on the first four universities in Nigeria to offer a B.Sc./B.Tech degree programme in entrepreneurship. Consequently this study involved students and entrepreneurship educators at Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo state, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Ogun state, Joseph Ayo Babalola University Osun state and Lead City University Ibadan, Oyo state. The study adopted quantitative approach with a descriptive research design to establish trends related to the objective of the study. Survey was be used as quantitative research method. The population of this study included all students in the selected universities. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed which included stratified sampling and simple random sampling. Data was analysed with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Hierarchical multiple regression was used as statistical tool of analysis to show the incremental contribution to the prediction of the dependent variable. The findings of the study showed that the design of an entrepreneurship curriculum can motivate critical thinking abilities in students to generate creative business ideas. Thus it was recommended that practical activities such as brain storming, mind mapping and similar activities can be used to stimulate idea generation potentials in entrepreneurship students.
A simulation study of the use of electric vehicles as storage on the New Zealand electricity grid

This paper describes a simulation to establish the extent to which reliance on non-dispatchable energy sources, most typically wind generation, could in the future be extended beyond received norms, by utilizing the distributed battery capacity of an electric vehicle fleet. The notion of exploiting the distributed battery capacity of a nation’s electric vehicle fleet as grid storage is not new. However, this simulation study specifically examines the potential impact of this idea in the New Zealand context. The simulation makes use of real and projected data in relation to vehicle usage, full potential nondispatchable generation capacity and availability, taking into account weather variation, and typical daily and seasonal patterns of usage. It differs from previous studies in that it is based on individual vehicles, rather than a bulk battery model. At this stage the analysis is aggregated, and does not take into account local or regional flows. A more detailed analysis of these localized effects will follow in subsequent stages of the
Accounting for Heterogeneity in Growth Incidence in Cameroon

This paper presents counterfactual decompositions based on both the Shapley method and a generalization of the Oaxaca-Blinder approach to identify proximate factors that might explain differences in the distribution of economic welfare in Cameroon in 1996-2007. In particular, the analysis uses re-centered influence function regressions to link the growth incidence curve for 2001-2007 to household characteristics and account for heterogeneity of impact across quantiles in terms of the composition (or endowment) effect and structural (or price) effect. The analysis finds that the level of the growth incidence curve is explained by the endowment effect while its shape is driven by the price effect. Observed gains at the bottom of the distribution are due to returns to endowments. The rest of the gains are accounted for by the composition effect. Further decomposition of these effects shows that the composition effect is determined mainly by household demographics while the structural effect is shaped by the sector of employment and geography. Finally, analysis of the rural-urban gap in living standards shows that, for the poorest households in both sectors, differences in household characteristics matter more than the returns to those characteristics. The opposite is true for better-off households.
Chern-Simons 5-form and Holographic Baryons

In the top-down holographic model of QCD based on D4/D8-branes in type IIA string theory and some of the bottom-up models, the low energy effective theory of mesons is described by a five-dimensional Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in a certain curved background with two boundaries. The five-dimensional Chern-Simons term plays a crucial role in reproducing the correct chiral anomaly in four-dimensional massless QCD. However, there are some subtle ambiguities in the definition of the Chern-Simons term for the cases with topologically nontrivial gauge bundles, which include the configurations with baryons. In particular, for the cases with three flavors, it was pointed out by Hata and Murata that the naive Chern-Simons term does not lead to an important constraint on the baryon spectrum, which is needed to pick out the correct baryon spectrum observed in nature. In this paper, we propose a formulation of a well-defined Chern-Simons term which can be used for the cases with baryons, and show that it recovers the correct baryon constraint as well as the chiral anomaly in QCD.
Search for past life on Mars: Physical and chemical characterization of minerals of biotic and abiotic origin: 2. Aragonite

One of the major objectives of the future Martian surface probes will be to reveal a past or present biological activity. We propose that biominerals could have recorded such an activity at Mars, and thus could be interesting targets for these missions. Therefore, we try to find a method capable to discriminate biominerals from their geochemical counterparts. With this aim, various terrestrial aragonites of biotic and abiotic origins were studied as reference minerals, because they could have also been produced at Mars. Their thermal properties were studied with differential thermal analysis, and then compared. The results show that biotic aragonites thermally decompose at temperatures at least 20°C lower than the temperatures of decomposition of abiotic aragonites. Therefore, the temperatures of thermal degradation of such biominerals could be a relevant parameter to find a past biological activity at Mars, and differential thermal analysis could be useful for situ astrobiological exploration of Mars.
Stellar Kinematic Groups. II. A Reexamination of the Membership, Activity, and Age of the Ursa Major Group

Utilizing Hipparcos parallaxes, original radial velocities and recent literature values, new Ca II H and K emission measurements, literature-based abundance estimates, and updated photometry (including recent resolved measurements of close doubles), we revisit the Ursa Major moving group membership status of some 220 stars to produce a final clean list of nearly 60 assured members, based on kinematic and photometric criteria. Scatter in the velocity dispersions and H-R diagram is correlated with trial activity-based membership assignments, indicating the usefulness of criteria based on photometric and chromospheric emission to examine membership. Closer inspection, however, shows that activity is considerably more robust at excluding membership, failing to do so only for ≤15% of objects, perhaps considerably less. Our UMa members demonstrate nonzero vertex deviation in the Bottlinger diagram, behavior seen in older and recent studies of nearby young disk stars and perhaps related to Galactic spiral structure. Comparison of isochrones and our final UMa group members indicates an age of 500 ± 100 Myr, some 200 Myr older than the canonically quoted UMa age. Our UMa kinematic/photometric members' mean chromospheric emission levels, rotational velocities, and scatter therein are indistinguishable from values in the Hyades and smaller than those evinced by members of the younger Pleiades and M34 clusters, suggesting these characteristics decline rapidly with age over 200–500 Myr. None of our UMa members demonstrate inordinately low absolute values of chromospheric emission, but several may show residual fluxes a factor of ≥2 below a Hyades-defined lower envelope. If one defines a Maunder-like minimum in a relative sense, then the UMa results may suggest that solar-type stars spend 10% of their entire main-sequence lives in periods of precipitously low activity, which is consistent with estimates from older field stars. As related asides, we note six evolved stars (among our UMa nonmembers) with distinctive kinematics that lie along a 2 Gyr isochrone and appear to be late-type counterparts to disk F stars defining intermediate-age star streams in previous studies, identify a small number of potentially very young but isolated field stars, note that active stars (whether UMa members or not) in our sample lie very close to the solar composition zero-age main sequence, unlike Hipparcos-based positions in the H-R diagram of Pleiades dwarfs, and argue that some extant transformations of activity indices are not adequate for cool dwarfs, for which Ca II infrared triplet emission seems to be a better proxy than Hα-based values for Ca II H and K indices.
Applying Game Mechanisms to Idea Competitions

In these times of a collaborative Web, consumers actively participate in the creation, elaboration, and evaluation of new content. Portals like Wikipedia demonstrate how this collaborative and creative behavior can result in valuable outcome. Companies benefit, as well, from this active role of the consumer: Consumers generate, develop, and evaluate new ideas for products and services in idea competitions. A challenge of today’s idea competitions is that the recent “inflationary increase” partly results in a decrease of participation. The purpose of this study is to explore one possible approach to transfer the positive motivational effect of games to idea competitions. The transfer of playful elements from a game context to the model of open innovation is what we call “game-based open innovation. ” Based on theoretical insights, analysis of 18 cases and three interviews, this study demonstrates the actual occurrence of game mechanisms and their effect on the motivation of participants. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-581-0.ch010
Euler-Poincare Formalism of Peakon Equations with Cubic Nonlinearity

We present an Euler-Poincar´e (EP) formulation of a new class of peakon equations with cubic nonlinearity, viz.,Fokas-Qiao and V. Novikov equations, in two almost equivalent ways. The first method is connected to flows on the spaces of Hill’s and first order differential operator and the second method depends heavily on the flows on space of tensor densities. We give a comparative analysis of these two methods. We show that the Hamiltonian structures obtained by Qiao and Hone and Wang can be reproduced by EP formulation. We outline the construction for the 2+1-dimensional generalization of the peakon equations with cubic nonlinearity using the action of the loop extension of Vect(S1) on the space of tensor densities.
G ender r oles in s ocial n etwork s ites from g eneration Y

One of the fundamental and most commonly used communication tools by the generation Y or Millennials are online social networks. The first objective of this study is to model the effects that exercise social participation, community integration and trust in community satisfaction, as an antecedent of routinization. Besides, we propose as a second objective checking if gender roles proposed to underlie the different behaviors that develop social network users. An empirical study was carried out on a sample of 1,448 undergraduate students that are SNS users from Generation Y. First, we applied a structural equation modeling approach to test the proposed model. Second, we followed a methodology using a scale of masculinity and femininity to categorize the sample obtaining three groups: feminine, masculine, and androgynous.
Adrenalectomy in dogs: retrospective study of 13 cases performed in Universidade Anhembi Morumbi Veterinary Hospital (2012-2015)

Adrenalectomy is the most appropriate treatment for unilateral adrenal tumors. This study aimed at describing the epidemiological characteristics and perioperative behavior of canine patients submitted to adrenalectomy at Anhembi Morumbi Veterinary Hospital. Out of 13 dogs, eight were pure breeds and five were mixed breeds; 12 females, aged 9.5 ± 2.5 years old. Regarding the tumors, seven were located on the right and histopathological analysis revealed cortical adenoma in 11 and adenocarcinoma in only two dogs. Two cases had hypercortisolism recurrence associated with hyperplasia in the contralateral adrenal, as confirmed by ACTH stimulation test. The results of this study indicate that adrenalectomy is a safe procedure with few perioperative complications, despite the possibility of hypercortisolism recurrence.
Poor Quality of Sleep and its Relationship with Depression in First Year Medical Students.

Introduction : High incidence of depression has been reported in undergraduate medical students. Sleep disturbance has been associated with depressive symptoms and higher body mass index (BMI). This study evaluated the relationship between sleep disturbance measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) with BMI and depression measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in 1st year medical students. Method : Following Institutional Ethics Committee approval, 1st year medical students who volunteered for study and gave written informed consent (n=73) were administered PSQI, ESS & BDI questionnaires after seven months of admission. Height and weight were measured by standard method. Scores of PSQI, BDI and BMI were calculated and their interrelationship was measured statically. Results : Poor quality of sleep (PSQI score greater or equal to five) and depression (BDI score eleven or greater) was seen in majority of students (64 and 60 % respectively). BMI was not significantly correlated with PSQI, ESS or BDI scores . There was significant positive correlation between PSQI and BDI (Pearson correlation, r = 0.410, P < 0.001), higher the BDI scores higher the PSQI scores. Conclusions : Poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms were observed in majority of 1st year medical students. Sleep quality and depressive symptoms were interrelated. Prevention and treatment strategies should target sleep as a factor that can potentially influence the development and course of Depression leading to poor academic performance. There is an urgent need to address this issue. Keywords: PSQI, BDI, Medical students, college students, adolescent health, freshman, freshers