Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Numeric Concepts in Multi-Agent Autonomous Communication

With the rapid development of deep learning, most of current state-of-the-art techniques in natural langauge processing are based on deep learning models trained with argescaled static textual corpora. However, we human beings learn and understand in a different way. Thus, grounded language learning argues that models need to learn and understand language by the experience and perceptions obtained by interacting with enviroments, like how humans do. With the help of deep reinforcement learning techniques, there are already lots of works focusing on facilitating the emergence of communication protocols that have compositionalities like natural languages among computational agents population. Unlike these works, we, on the other hand, focus on the numeric concepts which correspond to abstractions in cognition and function words in natural language. Based on a specifically designed language game, we verify that computational agents are capable of transmitting numeric concepts during autonomous communication, and the emergent communication protocols can reflect the underlying structure of meaning space. Although their encodeing method is not compositional like natural languages from a perspective of human beings, the emergent languages can be generalised to unseen inputs and, more importantly, are easier for models to learn. Besides, iterated learning can help further improving the compositionality of the emergent languages, under the measurement of topological similarity. Furthermore, we experiment another representation method, i.e. directly encode numerals into concatenations of one-hot vectors, and find that the emergent languages would become compositional like human natural languages. Thus, we argue that there are 2 important factors for the emergence of compositional languages.
Unsupervised SegmentationMethods of TV Contents

We present a generic algorithm to address various temporal segmentation topics of audiovisual contents such as speaker diarization, shot, or program segmentation. Based on a GLR approach, involving the ΔBIC criterion, this algorithm requires the value of only a few parameters to produce segmentation results at a desired scale and on most typical low-level features used in the field of content-based indexing. Results obtained on various corpora are of the same quality level than the ones obtained by other dedicated and state-of-the-art methods.
Design of Node Locations for Indoor Wireless Mesh Network

In literatures, the performance of Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) has been analyzed by assuming the same quality for each hop. However, this assumption is hardly true in practice due to the physical obstructions of wireless link, especially for an indoor environment. Therefore, this paper revisits the analysis of WMN performance by taking the effect of physical obstructions into account instead of assuming an equally deterministic property for each hop. These obstructions cause the degradation of signal strength which relatively decrease the success rate oftransmission between hop to hop. This paper examines these physical concerns through the measured results and then the design of node locations can be achieved. Moreover, it is well known that the analysis of throughput in WMN has indicated the impact of near-far mesh locations. However, these examinations have neglected the quantity of user accessibility. Therefore, this paper presents the effect of user accessibility in terms of traffic intensity on WMN throughput. The simulations provide a substantial remark to realize the effect of physical obstruction and traffic intensity on designing WMN node locations.
Application of response surface methodology for thorium(IV) removal using Amberlite IR-120 and IRA-400: Ion exchange equilibrium and kinetics

In this work, thorium (IV) removal from aqueous solutions was investigated in batch systems of cationic and anionic resins of Amberlite IR-120 and IRA-400. In this way, the effects of pH, initial Th(IV) concentration and the amount of adsorbent were investigated. A Central Composite Design (CCD) under Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimized condition. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of Th(IV) onto IR-120 and IRA-400 either discretely or in combination, albeit with equal mass fraction, was determined as follows: 98.09% , 65.70% and 72.19% at pH=3.23, 6 and 4.07, initial Th(IV) concentration of 78.2, 30 and 55.4 mg.L-1 and 2.08, 2.5 and 2.2 g.L-1 of resin, respectively. The kinetic and equilibrium data were accurately described by the pseudo-second order and Langmuir models. The results showed that IR-120 is a suitable adsorbent for thorium removal from aqueous solutions.
Polymorphism of Triglycerides a Crystallographic

In order to understand I he role of fat in food systems detailed knowledge about the arrangement of triglyceride molecules is useful. The triglyceride molecules in a fat can be packed in alternative ways, each crystal form having different melting points. This phenomenon is called polymorphism. Based mainly on X-ray studies (single-crystal, powder diffraction , scattering) and Raman spectroscopy the structure of the different polymorphic forms, a, sub-a, P'2. P't and~. are explained. The emphasis is on work done in the author's laboratory. There is a close relationship between the polymorphic forms which is persistent also in the liquid state the molecules are arranged two and two in a bilayer. The differences between the polymorphic forms are due to : (i) the hydrocarbon chain packing, (ii) the tilt of the chains versus the methyl end group plane, and (iii) differences in the methyl end group region. From a technical point of view the polymorphic transitions of fats is of the highest importance. This paper describes a mechanism behind the P' --> ~ transition the chain mobility in the methyl end group region causes this transition. Initial paper received November 13, 1989 Manuscript received March 27, 1990 Direct inquiries to L. Hernqvist Telephone number: 46 46 145686 ~: Fat, oil , triglyceride, polymorphic, crystal structure, molecular stnucture, crystallization , liquid state, solid state, transition Home address : St. Sodergatan 38, S-222 23 Lund, Sweden lnt 46 46 145686
Changing psychosocial determinants of physical activity and diet in women with a 1 history of gestational diabetes mellitus 2 3 Short title : changing psychosocial determinants 4 5

Background: To investigate how a behavioural lifestyle intervention influences psychosocial determinants of physical activity and dietary behaviours in a population at risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Fifty-nine women with a body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 and a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) participated in a randomized controlled study. The intervention group (n = 29) received 2 face-to-face and 5 telephone lifestyle-counselling sessions with a health professional. The control group (n = 30) received care as usual. At baseline and 6 months, psychosocial determinants related to physical activity and diet were measured with a self-administrated questionnaire. Linear regression analyses were applied to test for intervention effects. Results: The intervention was effective in improving social support (β = 3.5, P < 0.001; β = 2.1, P = 0.02), modifying self-efficacy (β = -2.2, P = 0.02; β = -4.3, P < 0.001), and reducing barriers (β = -3.5, P = 0.01; β = -3.8, P = 0.01) for, respectively, physical activity and diet from baseline to 6-month follow-up in the intervention group compared with the control group. The intervention reduced the following barriers to a physically active lifestyle: lack of energy and lack of motivation. Physical activity barriers like lack of time and lack of childcare were unchanged. The intervention reduced the following barriers to a healthy diet: lack of time, costs, having unhealthy snacks at home, and having cravings for sweets. Conclusion: This lifestyle intervention influenced psychosocial determinants relevant for overweight women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in prevention of T2DM. Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences Publication Details Jelsma, J. G. M. , Van Poppel, M. N. M. , Smith, B. J., Cinnadaio, N. , Bauman, A. , Tapsell, L. , Cheung, N. & van der Ploeg, H. P. (2018). Changing psychosocial determinants of physical activity and diet in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 34 (1), e2942-1-e2942-9. Authors Judith Jelsma, Mireille N. M van Poppel, Ben J. Smith, Nancy Cinnadaio, Adrian E. Bauman, Linda C. Tapsell, N Wah Cheung, and Hidde P. van der Ploeg This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow. edu.au/ihmri/1141
The credit channel of the transmission mechanism in the Republic of Croatia

The influence of monetary trends on real movements is manifested through several channels of transmission mechanism. This paper analyses the functioning of the credit channel and the distribution of commercial banks loans to different sectors in the Republic of Croatia. The analysis shows quite clearly how much more banks prefer to grant credits to households than they do to business sector. Implications of these monetary-credit flows on economic activity in the Republic of Croatia can be observed on the strong growth of personal consumption component of the GDP as well as on growth of imports of goods and services.
Association of HLA Polymorphisms with Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Shaanxi Han Population Running title Association of HLA polymorphisms with OBI in Shaanxi Han population

Background Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is defined as HBV DNA detection in serum or in the liver by sensitive diagnostic tests in HBsAg negative patients with or without serologic markers of previous HBV exposure. Since the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is an integral component of the immune response, we hypothesized that the highly polymorphic HLA genes were the key determinants of HBV persistence and clearance. The aim of the study was to calculate the allelic frequency of HLA loci and investigate the association between HLA alleles and the outcome of OBI in Shaanxi Han populations in the northwest of China.
Tomato leafminer [(Tuta absoluta Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] and its current ecofriendly management strategies: A review

Continue climatic changes in the world enhance the emergence of invasive agricultural insect pests. Tuta absoluta is one of the most devastating tomato leafminer and it spreads extensively in almost all parts of the world. It is a serious threat for tomato production and it results in highest damage. T. absoluta has fast growth rate with developmental stages of egg, larvae, pupa, and adult and it adapts to different environmental conditions. A larva is the most destructive one that consumes preferably leaves, stems and fruits of the tomato plant by hiding within mesophyll of the plant tissues. Although different environmentally hazardous pesticides are used against T. absoluta, none of the insecticides give full control due to the resistance development. This problem calls an urgent search for eco-friendly alternatives to control this invasive insect. Recent investigations are focused on different environmental friendly approaches that inclusively termed as IPM strategies. These are cultural practices, biopesticides, and biological using parasitoids, predators, microbial cells, microbial products, RNAi, inheritance sterility development in insect and pest resistant plant cultivar production are considered as promising alternatives to control T. absoluta. Therefore, this review briefly describes the current status of these methods used to design suitable and sustainable management strategies against T. absoluta. Key words: Tomato leafminer, insecticide resistances, biopesticides, biological control.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Computer Assisted Audit Techniques in Audit Process: Findings from Jordan

Despite the efforts of auditing professional bodies to help stimulating the application of contemporary audit technologies among audit firms to cope with the rapid growth in information technology usage among business organization, the extent to which Jordanian external auditors and alongside the world's trend have accepted Computer Assisted Auditing Techniques (CAATs) remains fairly low. This study use the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to explore this lack of CAATs' usage in Jordan and try to find answer to what factors may affect their adoption and acceptance. The study has drawn upon qualified questionnaire sent to 200 statutory external auditors to obtain the data. With a response rate over 80%, the results of the statistical analysis revealed that Jordanian external auditor's intention to adopt CAATs may be driven by both auditor's performance expectancy and firm's facilitating conditions issues. However, effort expectancy and social influence at the other spectrum may not play such a major role. These results have several practical implications. Jordanian audit firms can create a positive attitude amongst its auditors towards CAATs' usage by promoting CAATs benefits and usefulness, by decreasing efforts expectancy needed to use CAATs, and by further investing in management and technical infrastructure supporting CAATs.
The cost and emission saving potential of wind power

This work was financed by: the QREN – Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors, the European Union – European Regional Development Fund and National Funds- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under Project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-011377 and Project Pest-OE/EME/UI0252/2011.
Platinum Priority – From Lab to Clinic

Background: Diagnosis of nocturnal polyuria (NP) is based on a bladder diary. Addition of a renal function profile (RFP) for analysis of concentrating and solute-conserving capacity allows differentiation of NP pathophysiology and could facilitate individualized treatment. Objective: To map circadian rhythms of water and solute diuresis by comparing participants with and without NP. Design, setting, and participants: This prospective observational study was carried out in Ghent University Hospital between 2011 and 2013. Participants with and without NP completed a 72-h bladder dairy. RFP, free water clearance (FWC), and creatinine, solute, sodium, and urea clearance were measured for all participants. Results: The study participants were divided into those with (n = 77) and those without (n = 35) NP. The mean age was 57 yr (SD 16 yr) and 41% of the participants were female. Compared to participants without NP, the NP group exhibited a higher diuresis rate throughout the night (p = 0.015); higher FWC (p = 0.013) and lower osmolality (p = 0.030) at the start of the night; and persistently higher sodium clearance during the night (p < 0.001). The pathophysiologic mechanism of NP was identified as water diuresis alone in 22%, sodium diuresis alone in 19%, and a combination of water and sodium diuresis in 47% of the NP group. Conclusion: RFP measurement in first-line NP screening to discriminate between water and solute diuresis as pathophysiologic mechanisms complements the bladder diary and could facilitate optimal individualized treatment of patients with NP. Patient summary: We evaluated eight urine samples collected over 24 h to detect the underlying problem in NP. We found that NP can be attributed to water or sodium diuresis or a combination of both. This urinalysis can be used to adapt treatment according to the underlying mechanism in patients with bothersome consequences of NP, such as nocturia and urinary incontinence. sociation of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. # 2014 European As
The selection for high rubberwood yielding genotypes in 1995 Hevea germplasm, Rantau Panjang Forest Reserve

Rubberwood has become a major source of raw material for furniture manufacturing and wood-based product industries in Malaysia. The increasing demand for rubberwood has triggered Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia (RRIM) search for the high rubberwood yielding genotypes available in Malaysia. However, there are not many genotypes planted in commercial rubber plantations and smallholdings in Malaysia that can produce high wood volume to meet the demand of furniture and wood-base industries. There are also no Hevea wild relatives available in Malaysia to produce rubberwood except the one and only species Hevea brasiliensis . Moreover, the destruction of wild genetic resources of rubber trees ( Hevea spp.) in Amazon basin due to mass conversion of native habitat to urban has resulted in irreplaceable loss of much wild genetic resources such as the genotypes that can produce high rubberwood volume. Therefore, an attempt by RRIM in 1995 to put Hevea wild relatives from Amazon basin into conserving genetic resources in Malaysia and making them available for crop improvement especially to produce high rubberwood genotypes. Genotypes and wild relatives that are seen as vigorous and generated high rubberwood yield can be exploited as promising planting material in the RRIM's breeding programmes. This study was intended to identify the most promising rubberwood yielding genotypes and Hevea wild relatives that conserved in 1995 Hevea germplasm, Rantau Panjang Forest Reserve, Batu Arang, Selangor, Malaysia. Keywords : selections, Hevea spp. , germplasm, genotypes
Long-TermRecoveryof Irradiated ProstateCancer

Yong Mee Cho, Young Seok Kim, Mun Jung Kang, William L. Farrar, and Elaine M. Hurt* Cancer StemCell Section, Laboratoryof Cancer Prevention,Center for Cancer Research,National Cancer Institute, National InstitutesofHealth, Frederick,Maryland Departmentof Pathology,Universityof UlsanCollege ofMedicine, AsanMedical Center, Seoul, Republicof Korea Departmentof RadiationOncology,Universityof UlsanCollege ofMedicine, AsanMedical Center, Seoul, Republicof Korea
Conceptual Basis of Intra-Arterial Therapies in the Liver

http://dx.doi. or 0001-2998/& 2 ment of Nucle ara, Turkey. s reprint reques lear Medicine, 00, Ankara, T oo.com Intra-arterial radionuclide therapies serve essentially as internal radiation treatment options for both primary and metastatic liver tumors, which imply delivering implantable radioactive microspheres into branches of hepatic arteries that feed liver tumors to provide a high dose of targeted radiation to tumor tissue,while sparing thehealthy liver tissue fromhazardouseffectsof radiation. The principle of this therapeutic option depends on the unique preferential arterial supply of malignant liver tumors in contrast with mostly portal venous supply of normal hepatocytes aswell as excess amount of arterial neovascularization in the tumor bed. Therefore, intra-arterial radionuclide therapy can provide very high radiation exposure to tumor tissue, which is impossible to reach with external radiation therapy due to serious side effects and moreover, radiation can be targeted to tumor tissue selectively with less side effects. Yttrium-90 (Y-90), a high-energetic beta emitter is the most preferred radionuclide, which is used to label microspheres. Two typesof Y-90microspheresarecommercially available that aremadeof resin andglass.Many studies in the literature have demonstrated that Y-90microsphere therapy is an efficient and safe locoregional therapeutic option for unresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors suchashepatocellular carcinomaand livermetastases fromcolorectal cancer andbreast cancer as well as neuroendocrine tumors. Furthermore, limited number of studies has reported its use in some relatively uncommonmetastatic liver tumors frommelanoma, pancreatic, renal, and lung cancer. Besides Y-90 microspheres, Iodine-131 lipiodol, Rhenium-188 lipiodol, Rhenium-188 microspheres, Holmium-166 chitosan, and Holmium-166 microspheres have been introduced as alternative radiopharmaceuticals for intra-arterial therapy for liver tumors. Semin Nucl Med 46:324-339 C 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Associations of Immunomodulator and Biological Therapies with Hematologic Malignancies in Non-IBD Patient Populations ( Selected Studies )

Immunomodulators and biological agents are effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease; however, there is concern that these therapies may be associated with an increased risk of malignancy. MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for articles regarding these medications and their associations with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and transplant, rheumatology, dermatology, and neurology patient populations. There is evidence that use of thiopurines and anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma, particularly non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in patients with IBD. Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, although rare, also occurs with increased frequency in patients treated with thiopurines and anti-TNF medications, and young male patients with Crohn’s disease appear to be at greatest risk. Furthermore, thiopurines and anti-TNF agents are associated with elevated rates of nonmelanoma skin cancer in non-IBD and IBD patients, and anti-TNF agents may also increase the risk of melanoma. Rates of abnormal cervical cytology may be elevated by the use of immunosuppressive agents in female patients with IBD. There is little evidence that exposure to the therapeutic agents prescribed for IBD increases the risk of any other solid tumors or hematologic malignancies in non-IBD or IBD patients. Although the use of immunomodulators and antiTNF agents can promote certain types of lymphoma and skin cancer, patients and clinicians should be aware that the absolute rates of these malignancies remain low, and these risks should be weighed carefully against the substantial benefits offered by these therapies. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2013;19:1306–1321)
Community Structure of Hermatypic Corals at French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands: Capacity for Resistance and Resilience to Selective Stressors1

ABSTRACT Georeferenced towed-diver surveys covering more than 100,000 m2 of benthic habitat and site-specific surveys at 30 sites during 2000–2002 determined distribution and abundance of scleractinian corals at French Frigate Shoals (FFS), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Percentage cover of corals was quantified by genus or species in forereef, backreef, and lagoon habitats and at La Perouse Pinnacles using three complementary methods: towed-diver surveys, video transects, and photoquadrats. Habitat-specific colony density and size-class distributions from measurements made within belt transects at fixed sites indicated that three coral genera, Porites, Pocillopora, and Acropora, accounted for more than 93% of total coral cover throughout the atoll, and their relative percentage cover, densities, and size distributions varied according to habitat and geographic location within the atoll. These descriptive data, which provide the most comprehensive overview yet of the scleractinian coral community at FFS, were used to assess the coral reefs’ potential for resistance and resilience to selective stressors including bleaching, disease, and Acanthaster outbreaks. They also serve as a baseline for an ecosystem-based, long-term monitoring program with an objective of linking coral community change to other biological and physical factors.