Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological study of experimental cerebral vasospasm. I: Electron microscopic examination of experimental cerebral vasospasm.

Ultrastructural and histochemical changes of experimental vasospasm were studied in 46 cats. Prolonged vasospasm of the exposed basilar artery was produced by continuous irrigation with serotonin. Vasospasm, lasting for less than 10h was relieved by topical application of vasodilators. However, the spasm which continued for more than 10h failed to respond to vasodilators. In the vessels responsive to vasodilators, the electron density of the aggregation of granules and vesicles in the extracellular space of the media revealed by electron microscopy remained unchanged after treatment with 5-hydroxydopamine, while the electron density of the vesicles in adrenergic terminals was increased. The granules and vesicles morphologically resembled the adrenergic vesicles but were biochemically different from them. Necrotic fhanges of the vessel wall such as the fragmentation of myofilaments were observed in the vessels unresponsive to vasodilators. The potassium pyroanitimonate staining technique revealed fine deposits with-in the nucleus, sarcoplasm, sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and along sarcolemma in normal vesels. The deposits were shown to contain calcium by X-ray microanalysis and EGTA-chelation. The deposits along the sarcolemma decreased in number in the lanthanum-loaded vessels, and most of them were confirmed to reside on the outer surface of sarcolemma. The calcium deposits increased somewhat in number in the sarcoplasm of spastic vessels responsive to vasodilators, but the deposits along the sarcolemma remained unchanged. The most characteristic change was that calcium along the sarcolemma had disappeared in the spastic vessels unresponsive to vasodilators.
A new framework for system combination based on integrated hypothesis space

In this paper, a new concept of integrated hypothesis space for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system combination is proposed. Unlike the conventional systems combination approaches such as ROVER, the hypothesis spaces are directly integrated here without string alignment. In this way the timing information for all word hypotheses is well preserved and the new framework is more flexible on rescoring approaches used. Four rescoring criteria on the integrated hypothesis space were further explored and experiments on Chinese broadcast news corpus indicated improved performance.
Staged in vitro reconstitution and implantation of engineered rat kidney tissue

A major hurdle for current xenogenic-based and other approaches aimed at engineering kidney tissues is reproducing the complex three-dimensional structure of the kidney. Here, a stepwise, in vitro method of engineering rat kidney-like tissue capable of being implanted is described. Based on the fact that the stages of kidney development are separable into in vitro modules, an approach was devised that sequentially induces an epithelial tubule (the Wolffian duct) to undergo in vitro budding, followed by branching of a single isolated bud and its recombination with metanephric mesenchyme. Implantation of the recombined tissue results in apparent early vascularization. Thus, in principle, an unbranched epithelial tubular structure (potentially constructed from cultured cells) can be induced to form kidney tissue such that this in vitro engineered tissue is capable of being implanted in host rats and developing glomeruli with evidence of early vascularization. Optimization studies (of growth factor and matrix) indicate multiple suitable combinations and suggest both a most robust and a minimal system. A whole-genome microarray analysis suggested that recombined tissue recapitulated gene expression changes that occur in vivo during later stages of kidney development, and a functional assay demonstrated that the recombined tissue was capable of transport characteristic of the differentiating nephron. The approach includes several points where tissue can be propagated. The data also show how functional, 3D kidney tissue can assemble by means of interactions of independent modules separable in vitro, potentially facilitating systems-level analyses of kidney development.
The Impacts of “Growing Our Own”

Purpose The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of incorporating certified diabetes educator trainees into medical practices on patient diabetes outcomes. Methods This was a mixed methods practice-based evaluation study undertaken in 2 primary care practices in high-poverty neighborhoods in Buffalo, New York. The evaluation entailed a physician-referred patient cohort with pre- and postanalysis of chart review data corresponding to the American Diabetes Association’s diabetes indicators. Patient charts were reviewed at baseline and 12 months. A brief survey was administered to the providers and staff to ascertain the extent to which the certified diabetes educator trainees were perceived as useful as part of the medical practice team. Results Among 74 patients enrolled in diabetes classes, A1C levels decreased from a mean of 8.8% to 8.3%. Among a subset of patients (35%) with poorly controlled diabetes at baseline (A1C ≥ 9), there was a 15% decrease in A1C levels. Overall improvement in A1C was observed among 219 patients seen by a diabetes educator, in either a diabetes education class or a one-on-one visit. Conclusions Results suggest that having a certified diabetes educator trainee as part of the primary care practice team may advance diabetes care, as evidenced by improvements in glucose control. Responses from providers and staff suggest that the certified diabetes educator trainees were well integrated into the practices and were perceived as instrumental in educating patients to better manage their diabetes.
Exploring SSD Suitable Allocation Schemes Incompliance with Workload Patterns

In the Solid-State-Drive (SSD) performance, whether the data has been well parallelized is an important factor. SSD parallelization is affected by allocation scheme and it is directly connected to SSD performance. There are dynamic allocation and static allocation in representative allocation schemes. Dynamic allocation is more adaptive in exploiting write operation parallelism, while static allocation is better in read operation parallelism. Therefore, it is hard to select the appropriate allocation scheme when the workload is mixed read and write operations. We simulated conditions on a few mixed data patterns and analyzed the results to help the right choice for better performance. As the results, if data arrival interval is long enough prior operations to be finished and continuous read intensive data environment static allocation is more suitable. Dynamic allocation performs the best on write performance and random data patterns. Keywords—Dynamic allocation, NAND Flash based SSD, SSD parallelism, static allocation.
Three‐dimensional stereotactic surface projection study of orthostatic hypotension and brain perfusion image in Parkinson's disease

Objective – To compare brain perfusion image using three‐dimensional stereotactic surface projection (3D‐SSP) analysis of N‐isopropyl‐p‐123I iodoamphetamine (123I‐IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) between patients with Parkinson's disease with orthostatic hypotension and those without orthostatic hypotension.
Antigens and Autophagy: The Path Less Travelled?

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-coded nuclear antigen (EBNA) 1, a latent cycle protein endogenously expressed in EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), is reported to be processed for CD4+ T cell recognition by an intracellular route involving antigen delivery to the endosome/lyosome (MHC class II loading) compartment via macroautophagy. In contrast we find that, in the same cell type, two other virus-coded nuclear proteins of the latent cycle, EBNA2 and EBNA3C, are processed by a different route that is unaffected by autophagy inhibition. This involves the intercellular transfer of an antigenic moiety, detectable in cell-free culture supernatants, and its uptake and processing as exogenous antigen by neighboring cells. The process is cumulative and leads over several days of LCL culture to high levels of CD4+ T cell epitope display. The presentation of certain EBV lytic cycle proteins to CD4+ T cells has also recently been found to involve a similar intercellular antigen transfer. It becomes important to know why, even in the same cell type, some antigens but not others appear to access the MHC class II presentation pathway by autophagy. Addendum to: A Role for Intercellular Antigen Transfer in the Recognition of EBV-Transformed B Cell Lines by EBV Nuclear Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cells G.S. Taylor, H.M. Long, T.A. Haigh, M. Larsen, J. Brooks and A.B. Rickinson J Immunol 2006; 177:3746-56
A Proposal for Reference Architecture for Personal Assistant Software Based on SOA

Several efforts have been made towards creating personal assistant software (PAS) to help people in their daily life activities, at home or at work. In spite of the complexity PASs can have, most of the works focuses on developing solutions only for very specific tasks, without supporting integration and interoperation with other systems (including other PASs) and with enterprise systems and their respective business processes. Aiming at coping with these requirements, this work presents an open reference architecture for PASs, allowing that interoperable instances can be derived, personalized, implemented and deployed according to users' profiles and to enterprises' processes. An instance of a PAS has been derived and its results are discussed.
A Simple Model for Weakly Coupled Lossy Transmission Lines of Finite Length Located Above A Grounded Dielectric Slab

A simple model is derived for coupling between two parallel and possibly lossy wires of finite length located above a grounded dielectric slab. The ana lysis is based upon the reci­ procity theorem, and weak coupling is assumed. The first wire is driven by a source and associated im pedance a t one end and is term inated with an im pedance a t the other end. The second wire is term inated with an im pedance a t each end. When the index of refraction, n, goes to unity, the formula is shown to agree well with the results of previously reported experim ent and theory. In addition, when n = 1 the formula reduces to the fam iliar inductive and capacitive coupling term s (neglecting wire losses). 'F inally, theoretical results are com­ pared with experimental results when n is greater th an unity.
Second Order Neurons and Learning in Cohen-grossberg Networks

The well known Cohen-Grossberg network is modified to include second order neural interconnections and also to have a learning component. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of a globally exponentially stable equilibrium. The model provides a two-fold generalization of the Cohen-Grossberg network in the sense if one removes the learning component, then one gets a network with second order synaptic interactions; if both the learning component and the second order interactions are removed, then the model reduces to the standard Cohen-Grossberg network.
MÖNCKEBERG’S SCLEROSIS

A 78-year-old man with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) was admitted for general weakness. Blood pressure was 141/71 mmHg without carotid bruit. Serum biochemistry revealed creatinine 689.5 μmol/L (normal 53-133), corrected calcium 2.15 mmol/L (normal 2.1-2.6), phosphate 1.23 mmol/L (normal 0.81-1.45), and iPTH 124 ng/L (normal 12-72). Chest-X-ray disclosed generalized arteriosclerosis including diffuse aortic calcifi cation and bilateral common carotid, subclavian, axillary, and common iliac arterial calcifi cations (Figure 1 and 2). Reviewing past medical records, the “calcium-phosphate” (Ca-P) product never exceeded current safe upper limit, 4.44, according to K/DOQI guideline (1). Vascular calcifi cation is an old observation and has been identifi ed by computed tomography (CT) scan in an “ice man’ about 5000 years ago (2). It has been conventionally divided into two patterns: intimal calcifi cation, which always involves in the context of atherosclerosis, and medial calcifi cation, which frequently developed at large elastic arteries and small arterioles. Medial arterial calcifi cation (MAC) was fi rst described by Johann Gerog Mönckeberg in 1903 and occurs particularly commonly in diabetes and uraemia. Subsequently, the term Mönckeberg’s sclerosis (MS), is used to depict the extreme form of MAC and notable medial calcifi cation in a variety of peripheral arterial vessels is considered pathgnomonic. Although the concepts that intimal calcifi cation may increase the risk of plaque erosion and rupture and medial calcifi cations increase arterial stiffness, leading to high systolic and pulse pressures, are widely accepted, one should be prudent to take this dichotomy. Clinicians must be aware that the arterial calcifi cations in DM and CKD patients is not simply from elevated Ca-P product; both chronic infl ammation and genetic background leading to a defi ciency of local and systemic calcifi cation inhibitors may play more important roles (3).
Interventions to improve recall of medical information in cancer patients: a systematic review of the literature

This systematic review investigates which interventions are effective to improve recall of medical information in cancer patients. A literature research was done in PubMed, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library, following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed independently by two reviewers. The results were synthesized with a Best Evidence Synthesis. Of initially 5173 found publications, 10 met all selection criteria. The results indicate that an audiotape of the patients' own consultation has added value upon oral information only. However, providing patients with a general audiotape does not improve recall of information and might even inhibit patients' recall. Furthermore, there is scientific evidence, although limited, that the use of a question prompt sheet (QPS) has a positive effect on recall of information, provided that the physician actively endorses this sheet. No evidence was found for an effect of providing patients with a summary letter of the consultation on recall, although research on this subject is scarce. In conclusion, the review suggests that interventions that are tailored to the individual cancer patient, such as an audiotape of the consultation or a QPS, are most effective. Further research needs to be done to establish robust results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conserving migratory mule deer through the umbrella of sage‐grouse

Conserving migratory ungulates in increasingly human-dominated landscapes presents a difficult challenge to land managers and conservation practitioners. Nevertheless, ungulates may receive ancillary benefits from conservation actions designed to protect species of greater conservation priority where their ranges are sympatric. Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocerus urophasianus), for example, have been proposed as an umbrella species for other sagebrush (Artemesia spp.)-dependent fauna. We examined a landscape where conservation efforts for sage-grouse overlap spatially with mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to determine whether sage-grouse conservation measures also might protect important mule deer migration routes and seasonal ranges. We conducted a spatial analysis to determine what proportion of migration routes, stopover areas, and winter ranges used by mule deer were located in areas managed for sage-grouse conservation. Conservation measures overlapped with 66–70% of migration corridors, 74–75% of stopovers, and 52–91% of wintering areas for two mule deer populations in the upper Green River Basin of Wyoming. Of those proportions, conservation actions targeted towards sage-grouse accounted for approximately half of the overlap in corridors and stopover areas, and nearly all overlap on winter ranges, indicating that sage-grouse conservation efforts represent an important step in conserving migratory mule deer. Conservation of migratory species presents unique challenges because although overlap with conserved lands may be high, connectivity of the entire route must be maintained as barriers to movement anywhere within the migration corridor could render it unviable. Where mule deer habitats overlap with sage-grouse core areas, our results indicate that increased protection is afforded to winter ranges and migration routes within the umbrella of sage-grouse conservation, but this protection is contingent on concentrated developments within core areas not intersecting with high-priority stopovers or corridors, and that the policy in turn does not encourage development on deer ranges outside of core areas. With the goal of protecting entire migration routes, our analysis highlights areas of potential conservation focus for mule deer, which are characterized by high exposure to residential development and use by a large proportion of migrating deer.
Virulence of recent and former classical swine fever virus isolates evaluated by their clinical and pathological signs.

The clinical diagnosis of classical swine fever (CSF) still caused problems to the veterinarians during the last decade. The primary CSF outbreak was often detected too late and, meanwhile, the virus had spread. Consequently, the recent classical swine fever virus isolates (CSFV) were suspected to be of low virulence. The purpose of the study was to quantify the virulence of four recent CSFV by evaluating the clinical and pathological signs caused by different CSFV. Pigs of the same breed and age group were inoculated intranasally with CSFV from recent epidemics in European Union (EU) member states. The CSFV used are registered in the data base of the EU Reference Laboratory for CSF and belong to different genotypes: 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 respectively. Clinical signs of CSF were evaluated by using a score system suggested previously (Mittelholzer et al., 2000: Vet. Microbiol. 74, 293). For the evaluation of pathological lesions, a new pathological score was introduced. The four CSFV tested here were classified as moderately virulent in general, although one CSFV may cause different clinical courses, ranging from highly virulent to avirulent. This indicates the importance of additional factors in the host animal for virulence. Differences in the clinical and pathological signs between these four recent CSFV were rather minor, emphasizing that the genetic typing of CSFV is absolutely essential. Differences towards former CSFV (e.g. reference virus strain Alfort 187) were more pronounced, especially regarding the onset and duration of the disease, the occurrence of skin haemorrhages and pathological lesions of kidney, subcutis and serosae. It is concluded that clinical diagnosis of CSF is rather difficult in pigs up to 14 days post-CSFV infection using these four CSFV, emphasizing the need for careful differential diagnosis and the laboratory investigation for CSF at an early stage.
Water Extract : Modulator of Extracellular Matrix Formation in Vitro and in Vivo

P. GÁL, T. VASILENKO, I. KOVÁČ, M. KOSTELNÍKOVÁ, J. JAKUBČO, P. SZABO, B. DVOŘÁNKOVÁ, F. SABOL, H. -J. GABIUS, K. SMETANA Jr. Department for Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic, Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic, Third Clinic of Surgery, Slovak Health University and First Private Hospital Košice-Šaca, Košice, Slovak Republic, Institute of Histology and Embryology, and Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LudwigMaximilian-University, Munich, Germany
Stochastic model of admixed basal and pulsatile hormone secretion as modulated by a deterministic oscillator.

Neuroendocrine ensembles communicate with their remote and proximal target cells via an intermittent pattern of chemical signaling. The lack of a biomathematical formulation of the underlying burst-generating mechanics of such pulsatile secretory systems has greatly hampered quantitative analysis of the physiological, pharmacological, and pathological regulation of the amplitude and frequency components of seemingly randomly dispersed neuroendocrine signals. Here we present a stochastic differential equation model of episodic glandular signaling in which random, but structured, variations in burst amplitudes superimposed on basal hormone release are combined with a nonstationary Poisson process responsible for the timing of scattered secretory bursts. Burst timing and/or amplitude can be modulated by underlying deterministic trends, e.g., circadian variations in mean expected neurosecretory burst frequency or mass. We illustrate the diversity of output of this model and suggest its use in extracting underlying properties of irregular biological signals in relevant hormone time series. This representation of episodic secretory behavior combines stochastic and deterministic elements inherent in the intermittent activity of a neuroendocrine apparatus.
Extraction de potentiels évoqués P300 p our les interfaces cerveau-machine

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) enable non-muscular powerful channel for communicating thanks to direct communication between the user's brain and a computer. In this article, the presented BCI concerns the P300 speller which enables people to write a text on a computer by estimating P300 evoked potentials. In this work, an unsupervised algorithm is introduced for signal subspace estimation: the raw EEG are thus enhanced by projection on the estimated subspace. The detection of P300 potentials is performed by a linear support vector machine (SVM). The proposed method is finally shown to be efficient since it increases the number of spelt characters per minute.
A low power, low phase noise 10 GHz MIC oscillator

This paper presents the design and the fabrication of a compact MIC 10 GHz single-transistor oscillator. It includes a packaged SiGe HBT (Infineon BFP740F) along with a low-Q coupled line resonator and only consumes 5 mA from a 3V power supply for an output power of -6 dBm. Its phase-noise has been measured at -117 dBc/Hz @100 kHz offset. Such performance is the result of a careful modeling process. The two most challenging aspects of the design were the stability analysis of the 10 GHz oscillator in hybrid technology and phase-noise optimization.