Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efeitos da Hidroterapia no equilíbrio em idosos: uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa

Background: Biological Aging is a dynamic and progressive process that leads to morphological, functional and biochemical changes in our body. Objectives: Evaluate the effect of different Hydrotherapy programs for balance in elderly. Methods: Resorted to the use of database B-On and PubMed to find scientific articles that was useful to clarify this study. As such, it was established the following inclusion criteria: randomized controlled experimental studies that were in line with the thematic discussed and/or comparing with the land environment; publications made since 2005; over 60 years of age and intervention performed by physiotherapists. Results: Performed an analysis and discussion of six experimental studies with propose of achieving the objective of this study. Conclusions: It could be concluded that a global Hydrotherapy program that includes stretching exercises, endurance, strength and balance provided significant improvements in balance, but no significant differences between land environment. However, becomes a viable alternative for individuals with lack of confidence, with a high risk of falls and pain symptoms with consequent joint limitation. Key-words: Hydrotherapy, balance and elderly.
Antioxidant capacity of banana peel and its modulation of Nrf2-ARE associated gene expression in broiler chickens

Abstract Bananas are one of the most popular fruits worldwide, producing over 100 million tons in 2013. Banana peel, a byproduct that represents 40% of the entire banana’s weight, is rich in bioactive compounds and has a high antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to use banana peel powder (BPP) as an antioxidant broiler feed additive. The bioactive compound and antioxidant capacity of BPP were determined. The results showed that BPP contained 872.7 GAE/100 g DM of total phenolic content, and gallocatechin was detected at a concentration of 91 mg/100 g DM, and BPP’s ferrous chelating ability, ferric ion reducing ability power, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging capacity indicated its high antioxidant capacity. A total of 216 one-day-old Ross 308 female broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of four groups that received the basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, or 2% dry BPP for 35 d. The results showed that the 0.5% BPP-supplemented group had increased serum SOD activity and lowered serum malondialdehyde levels, while the liver mRNA expression of Nrf2, SOD, CAT, GPx, and HO-1 were upregulated in the 0.5% and 1% BPP-supplemented groups. In conclusion, the current study shows that BPP has a potent antioxidant capacity and dietary supplementation with 0.5% BPP enhances antioxidative status, suggesting that BPP has potential as an antioxidant feed additive. Highlights Banana peel has abundant bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. Banana peel enhance the antioxidant status of broilers by up-regulating Nrf2/ARE associated genes. Banana peel has potential as an antioxidant feed additive in broiler chickens.
Effect of feeding fresh and frozen rumen fluid on the growth performance of goat kids

ABSTRACT The effect of feeding fresh and frozen rumen fluid on the growth performance was studied in Tellicherry goat kids at Instructional Livestock Farm Complex (ILFC), TANUVAS, Chennai by assessing body weight and average daily gain. Twenty four numbers of Tellicherry goat kids of both sexes at 15 days of age were selected and allotted randomly to the following three treatment groups viz., T1, T2 and T3 equally of eight kids per group. Treatment T2 and T3 were fed with 100 ml fresh and frozen rumen fluid, respectively, once in 3 days for 120 days whereas kids in T1 were treated as control. The final body weight (Kg) and average daily gain (g) recorded in T1, T2 and T3 were 9.57 ± 0.33 and 61.19 ± 3.59, 10.79 ± 0.23 and 72.14 ± 2.90 and 10.69 ± 0.16 and 70.95 ± 1.69, respectively. Kids in the treatment groups T2 and T3 attained significantly (P < 0.01) higher final body weight and higher average daily gain than T1. The results of the study revealed that feeding either fresh or frozen rumen fluid had resulted in improved growth performance.
Stranded Marine Turtles in Northeastern Brazil: Incidence and Spatial–Temporal Distribution of Fibropapillomatosis

Abstract. Fibropapillomatosis is a threat to the survival of marine turtles, especially green turtles; therefore, studies on this neoplastic disease are considered a conservation priority. Our goal was to characterize the incidence and spatial–temporal distribution of fibropapillomatosis in the Potiguar Basin, Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará states, Brazil. This study was based on data obtained during daily observations by a beach monitoring program from 2012 to 2015. A total of 2688 marine turtles, comprising the 5 species that occur in the Brazilian coast, were observed; 604 of the 610 individuals that presented fibropapillomatosis tumors were green turtles (Chelonia mydas). During the study period, we identified an increase in relative fibropapillomatosis frequency from 13.16% (2012) to 35.29% (2015), with a yearly peak in strandings between October and December. Fibropapillomatosis tumors were classified according to anatomical distribution, size, and the Southwest Atlantic Fibropapillomatosis Score (e.g., mild, moderate, and severe). The total number of tumors varied from 1 to 67; most were classified as size B and mild and were located mainly on the forelimbs and neck (49.63 and 25.95%, respectively). Our study shows the need to implement mitigation measures to promote sea turtle conservation in the Potiguar Basin, an important area for marine turtles in Brazil.
Gene Type and Mutation Position Influence Responses in Root Traits across Nutrient Environments

Premise of research. Root traits are influenced by a large number of genes, many of which are environmentally sensitive. Despite a growing body of knowledge on root architecture, we have limited understanding of how mutations in genes affecting root traits at the seedling stage influence root traits and performance of ruderal species across nutrient soil environments at mature plant stages. We tested whether insertion mutants (knockouts) in distinct gene types or the position of the mutation within the gene (exon, promoter) differentially influenced root and shoot architecture and size phenotypes. Methodology. Following synthesis of the literature and publicly available expression data sets for Arabidopsis thaliana, we examined knockouts in three categories of genes: genes with previous evidence of influence on root phenotype, genes with previous evidence of influence on root-shoot interactions, and genes with previously no evidence of root function (PNERFs). Using 97 confirmed-homozygous single-insert Salk T-DNA lines with insertion mutations in either the exon or the promoter, we examined how mutation affected root phenotypes. We grew mutant lines, wild-type Col-0 (also known as Columbia), and 10 natural accessions across three nutrient treatments. We phenotyped plants for above- and belowground traits at maturity. Pivotal results. We detected significant phenotypic plasticity for root phenotypes at the adult stage across mutant gene types. Gene types differed in mean performance and trait relationships. Consistent with our prediction, we found that root gene exon mutants respond substantially across environments. A higher proportion of mutant lines outperformed wild-type Col-0 than underperformed, yet this proportion varied by trait and treatment. Conclusions. These data support the ideas that mutational effects are dependent on environmental conditions and that mutations increase or decrease function in stressful low-nutrient environments. Screens at adult life stages uncover new mutant effects for root phenotypes and fruit production.
Phylogenetic Relationships and Character Evolution in Neotropical Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae), with a Focus on the Cuban and Caribbean Taxa

Premise of research. The Caribbean is an important area of species diversity within the large pantropical genus Phyllanthus. With the goal of illuminating the evolutionary origins of Caribbean Phyllanthus, we undertook a phylogenetic analysis significantly increasing previous samplings of the genus in the Neotropics. We reconstructed the evolution of selected morphological characters and evaluated the implications of our results in light of the representation of Caribbean and Neotropical species in the infrageneric classification of the genus. Methodology. We estimated phylogentic trees using parsimony, Bayesian, and likelihood approaches based on plastid and nuclear sequence data sets. These represented 78 taxa from the Neotropics, most of which were generated for this study, as well as most other subgenera and sections of Phyllanthus and other genera of Phyllanthaceae. Four vegetative and four floral morphological characters were assessed for the whole study group. Ancestral character states were reconstructed using BayesTraits. Pivotal results. Plastid and nuclear partitions agree on a highly supported Caribbean clade that contains the vast majority of the species from this region as being part of a large Neotropical clade. Another small Caribbean clade is found nested among African linages. Although morphological characters exhibit some level of homoplasy, some trends are evident, for example, in the large Neotropical clade. Conclusions. The majority of species in the Caribbean belong to a single clade that has evolved from Neotropical ancestors. This is well circumscribed with morphology and corresponds to subgenus Xylophylla, the concept of which is adjusted here to be monophyletic. The existence of a small Caribbean clade related to African species marks a noteworthy case of Caribbean plant origin. Although phyllanthoid branching is not a synapomorphy for Phyllanthus s.l. (including Breynia, Glochidion, and Sauropus), combinations of vegetative and floral characters allow a clear assignment to the Phyllanthus s.l. clade.
Detection of H3N8 influenza A virus with multiple mammalian-adaptive mutations in a rescued Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pup

Avian Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in different species of seals display a spectrum of pathogenicity, from subclinical infection to mass mortality events. Here we present an investigation of avian IAV infection in a 3-4 month old Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pup, rescued from St Michael’s Mount, Cornwall in 2017. The pup underwent medical treatment, but died after two weeks; post-mortem examination and histology indicated sepsis as the cause of death. IAV NP antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in the nasal mucosa, and sensitive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays detected trace amounts of viral RNA within the lower respiratory tract, suggesting that the infection may have been cleared naturally. IAV prevalence among Grey seals may therefore be underestimated. Moreover, contact with humans during the rescue raised concerns about potential zoonotic risk. Nucleotide sequencing revealed the virus to be of subtype H3N8. Combining a GISAID database BLAST search and time-scaled phylogenetic analyses, we inferred that the seal virus originated from an unsampled, locally circulating (in Northern Europe) viruses, likely from wild Anseriformes. From examining the protein alignments, we found several residue changes in the seal virus that did not occur in the bird viruses, including D701N in the PB2 segment, a rare mutation, and a hallmark of mammalian adaptation of bird viruses. IAVs of H3N8 subtype have been noted for their particular ability to cross the species barrier and cause productive infections, including historical records suggesting that they may have caused the 1889 pandemic. Therefore, infections such as the one we report here may be of interest to pandemic surveillance and risk, and may help us better understand the determinants and drivers of mammalian adaptation in influenza.
Zinc status of riverside populations of the rivers Solimoes and Negro in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

Zinc nutrition has been shown to be critically limiting among urban populations of the central Amazon valley, but no information on the zinc status of rural populations has been published. Nutrition surveys were carried out on the river Solimoes and the river Negro in years 1976/7. Hair samples collected at that time were analysed for their zinc content, by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The mean hair zinc value of children aged under seven years from the river Negro (140 µg/g) was about one third lower than hair values from the river Solimoes (204 µg/g) with high statistical significance (p< 0.001). Hair zinc levels were influenced by a variety of non-dietary conditions in these riverine children populations, including anthropometric classifications and gastrointestinal parasites, and these are discussed. The significantly lower hair zinc levels in children on the river Negro than in children on the river Solimoes may be part of the reason why young child stunting rates are higher on the river Negro. The importance of zinc status for reproduction is also discussed, especially the evidence for relationships to still teratogenesis and still births, the latter being six times more common among mothers on the river Negro than among those on the Solimoes at that time. Although no indicators of maternal zinc status were measured, the findings of zinc deficiency in their young children support the hypothesis that these mothers were also suffering from zinc deficiency. It also suggests poor zinc status may be associated with the lower population densities found along the banks of the river Negro as compared to that of the river Solimoes. The situation seems unlikely to have improved in the forty years since these observations were made and may even be getting worse. Interventions are suggested that would allow this type of situation to be remedied.
Sinus navigation: contribution and limitations

Computer-assisted systems can be used for image-guided navigation during endoscopic sinonasal surgery. The objective is to diminish the risk of orbital or skull-base injury when abnormal anatomy or previous surgery makes landmarks difficult to identify accurately. Endoscopic visualization combined with real-time localization on a reconstructed 3D model allows for the use of new landmarks that are less likely to show variations. We have been using a computer-assisted navigation system since 2001; thus far, 22 patients have been treated with this system for sinonasal polyposis, mucocele, or chronic sinusitis, usually after earlier procedures for the same reasons. We compared these 22 patients to 22 controls in terms of operating time and of recurrence and adverse event rates after a mean follow-up of 2 years. The rates of early recurrence and severe adverse events (orbital wall damage and cerebrospinal fluid leakage) were similar in the two groups. In contrast, computer-assisted navigation was associated with significantly lower rates of minor adverse events (postoperative infection, bleeding, and headaches). Use of computer-assisted navigation did not increase operating time counted from the time the equipment was set up. Thus, computer-assisted navigation may be useful in patients with recurrent sinonasal polyposis, mucocele, or chronic sinusitis. (Fr ORL - 2005 ; 86 : 23-28)
Evaluation of Antioxidative Responses in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes Imparting Resistance to Sucking Pest Attack

Cotton is an important cash crop of India. It belongs to the genus Gossypium and family Malvaceae. It is grown in India in about 111.55 lakh hectares as against 92.33 lakh hectares witnessed for the same time last year, thereby indicating an increase of close to 21 per cent in the acreage, with annual production of 337.25 lakh bales of 170 kg each. Crop loss due to pest and pathogen attack is a serious problem worldwide. The incidence of insect pests considerably reduces both the yield and quality of cotton production. In India sucking pest reduces the crop yield to greater extent (Dhawan et al., 1988). Nath et al., (2000) reported that American cotton is more susceptible to the attack of sucking insect pests as well as bollworm complex than indigenous cotton. However, interestingly, the native cotton Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium herbaceum appears not to be infected with cotton leaf curl disease till the first inception of disease (Akhtar et al., 2010, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 08 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
The complete chloroplast genome of the Amygdalus ferganensis (Rosaceae) in Xinjiang, China

Abstract Amygdalus ferganensis is a member of the family Rosaceae. In this paper, we report complete chloroplast genome sequences of A. ferganensis (Rosaceae). The results showed that A. ferganensis complete chloroplast genome comprises 158,365 bp, containing a largen single copy (LSC) region of 86,240 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 19,012 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) region of 26,386 bp. The genome has a GC content of 42.6%. The LSC, SSC, and IR regions represent 54.46, 12.01, and 33.32% of the A. ferganensis chloroplast genome length. We annotated 112 genes, including 78 protein coding genes, 4 rRNAs, and 30 tRNAs. And A. ferganensis is closely the A. persica.
Comparison of Different Multivariate Statistical Methods for Screening the Drought Tolerant Genotypes of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

Drought is the main limiting factor of crops production in major regions of the world. Forage plants such as pearl millet and sorghum are drought tolerant and suitable for arid regions to grow. In this study, for selecting and introducing the best drought tolerant genotypes, seven pearl millet and five sorghum genotypes in three locations (Kerman, Jiroft, and Bardsir in Kerman Province) were studied with different climatic conditions. The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years of cultivation (2016, 2017, and 2018) under regularly irrigated conditions and the 100% (I100, full irrigation) plant water requirement and under water deficiency, (50%) plant water requirement (I50) in two randomized complete block designs in triplicate separately at each location. Eight drought tolerance/susceptibility indices were used. Multivariate factor analysis (FA) and stress tolerance score (STS) methods were employed to compare the most drought tolerant genotypes in each region. The STS method was more efficient and effective than the FA method for detecting the most drought tolerant genotype with any number of used genotypes. Based on the results of drought tolerance indices and STS, the IP13150 and IP13151 genotypes of pearl millet and speed feed genotype of sorghum in Kerman, Jiroft, and Bardsir respectively, were introduced as the most drought tolerant genotypes for three consecutive years of cultivation.
The effect of deer exclusion on tick abundance in Japan: the verification based on field experiment for controlling deer density

Instalment of deer fences around agricultural fields may, as a side benefit, reduce the risk of tick-borne diseases in humans. We examined tick (Haemaphysalis) density on the ground after two years of exclusion using three separate deer fences. Deer density in an exclosure (EX) had been kept as zero for 14 years, deer density in an enclosure (HD) had been kept constantly stocked for 14 years with around 20 deer km−2, and the second enclosure (OD) had been stocked for 11 years with around 20 deer km−2, after which time the deer were excluded for two years. Tick densities inside the three fences were monitored for two years after two years of deer exclusion from OD. In the first year, tick density in OD was as high as that in HD, and was significantly higher than that in EX. In the second year, however, tick density in OD decreased to a similar level to that in EX. These results suggest that tick density in the environment decreases after three years of exclusion. Our findings support the effectiveness of culling and fencing of deer with the aim of preventing the risk of tick-borne diseases.
Analysis of Cytokine Gene Polymorphism Allelic Variation in the TurkishPopulation with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are complex diseases showing genetic heterogeneity that arise with the interaction of the genetic and environmental agents. The prevalence of the cytokine gene polymorphism has different distributions in the various races of the world. In our study, 22 polymorphic regions of 13 different cytokine genes were evaluated in IBD patients in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Sixty-nine IBD patients (18 with Crohn’s disease and 51 with ulcerative colitis) and 100 healthy individuals as controls who lived in the Black Sea Region and whose clinical diagnoses were realized in Research Hospitals, were selected. DNA was isolated from the blood of the selected individuals and the analyses of the cytokine gene polymorphisms were determined with the method of PCR-SSP (sequence specific primer). When the patients were compared with the control group in terms of cytokine genes, significant changes were observed in the allelic frequencies of the diseased group compared to the healthy individuals thus implying a role of allelic frequencies in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. We conclude that, the allelic changes arising at the genomic level in the cytokine gene polymorphisms in the Turkish population could make contributions to the clinic diagnosis of patients with IBD.
Ghost QTL and hotspots in experimental crosses - novel solution by mixed model with nonzero mean

“Ghost-QTL” are the false discoveries in QTL mapping, that arise due to the “accumulation” of the polygenic effects, uniformly distributed over the genome. The locations on the chromosome which are strongly correlated with the summary polygenic effect depend on a specific sample correlation structure determined by the genotype at all loci. During the analysis of e-QTL data or recombinant inbred lines this correlation structure is preserved for all traits under consideration, and may lead to the so called “hot-spots” via the detection of the summary polygenic effect at exactly the same positions for most of the considered traits. We illustrate that the problem can be solved by the application of the extended mixed effect model, where the random effects are allowed to have a nonzero mean. We provide formulas for estimating the thresholds for the corresponding t-test statistics and use them in the stepwise selection strategy, which allows for a simultaneous detection of several QTL. Extensive simulation studies illustrate that our approach allows to eliminate ghost-QTL/false hot spot effects, while preserving a high power of detection of true QTL effects.