Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of ploidy of a dimorphic zygomycete Benjaminiella poitrasii and the occurrence of meiotic division during zygospore germination

Benjaminiella poitrasii is a zygomycetous, dimorphic fungus which exists in yeast or hyphal forms during the vegetative phase and produces asexual sporangiospores and zygopores during the reproductive stage. The zygospores germinate either by germ-sporangiophore formation or hyphal formation. However, the budding type germination of zygospores of B. poitrasii was observed in response to high glucose, 37°C and pH 4.0; conditions favouring the yeast-form. The yeast cells from the budding zygospore were analysed to ascertain time and occurrence of meiotic division and to understand the change in the ploidy levels in its life-cycle. The ploidy and nuclear behaviour of this fungus were studied at different stages in the life cycle using the vegetative yeast cells, the asexual sporangiospores, and the yeast cells from the budding zygospore. The uninucleate sporangiospores and the multinucleate yeast cells showed similar DNA contents/nucleus as estimated by spectrophotometric DNA content estimation, survival in the presence of ultraviolet radiation and flow cytometry. The sporangiospores and yeast cells were in the haploid state. DAPI staining of the zygospore showed that few nuclei fused in the zygospore and underwent the meiotic division. The haploid nature of the yeast cells from the budding zygospore indicated that meiosis had occurred before the initiation of germination. The understanding of spore germination in B. poitrasii and its use as a model to screen antifungal agents is also discussed.
The Theory of Multi-Stationary State Transitions and Biosynthetic Control Processes

Factors involved in genetic control of protein synthesis can be classified according to their structural and regulatory roles. The structural constitution of the genetic locus determines the ordering of amino acids in the protein primary structure while regulatory factors influence the rates of protein synthesis. The genetic scheme, proposed by Jacob & Monod (1961), groups genes according to their structural and regulatory functions. This genetic classification alone is insufficient to explain the dynamics of regulatory behaviour. Basic questions such as why cells with the same complement of genes synthesize more of one protein than another are left unanswered. The answers to such questions would shed some light on the dynamical mechanism of tissue differentiation and embryological development. Regulation of protein synthesis should be the result of a combination of structural genetic factors and dynamic biochemical processes. It will be shown in this article that the interaction of structural and dynamic factors leads to a coherent and efficient control mechanism of biosynthesis.
Digital pre-distortion for multiple antenna transmitters

This paper proposes a novel cross-talk cancelling pre-distorter (CTC-DPD), which accurately models the cross-talk and nonlinearity in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio systems, and compensates for these effects. The cross-talk introduced before the power amplifier (PA) in a multi-antenna transmitter, which is termed as non-linear cross-talk degrades the performance of digital pre-distortion (DPD). A cross-over pre-distortion (CO-DPD) that compensates for the cross-talk and non-linearity in multi-antenna transmitters was proposed in [2]. However, CO-DPD ignores the higher order cross-terms between the input signals. As a result, the performance of CO-DPD degrades, as the crosstalk between the branches of the multi-antenna transmitter becomes stronger. In the CTC-DPD structure, linearization and cross-talk compensation are done separately by pre-distorters for the PAs and a cross-talk pre-cancellation block. The performances of pre-distortion techniques for a two-antenna transmitter are evaluated through measurements. It is observed that CTC-DPD achieves an error vector magnitude (EVM) improvement of 1.5% at -15 dB non-linear cross-talk and 0.8% at -20 dB non-linear crosstalk, compared to CO-DPD, for an universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) signal.
RESUME PARSING SYSTEM USING TEXT ANALYTICS

The task of finding the right candidate for a particular job can be a very tiring task for the HR department of an organization. Going through hundreds of resumes is not an easy task. No one has enough time to go into the details of any resume. This may result in shortlisting of wrong candidate or rejection of a right candidate which may result in significant loss of money and other resources. To simplify this process, we propose a Text Analytic approach to judge resumes on the basis of their content. Sentiment Analysis approach can also prove vital to analyze a candidate’s resume on the basis of the description he or she provides. Sentiment Analysis is being used in various scenarios like recording people’s responses for services and products. But here, we will follow that approach to judge a job candidate’s resume. With the help of this method, we can help the employer to identify which candidate suits best the requirements of the company.
Incidence of and risk factors for community acquired pneumonia in US HIV-infected children, 2000–2005

The incidence of and risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are described from 2000 to 2005 in a multicenter US cohort of HIV-infected children. In 736 patients, 87 episodes of CAP (33.2 events/1000 person-years) had a mean CD4% of 23% (controls: 30%) and mean CD4 cell count of 668 cells/μl (controls: 870 cells/μl). CAP incidence decreased 44% from 2000–2001 to 2002–2005. On multivariate analysis, viral load at least 100 000 copies/ml (odds ratio 3.98; confidence interval 1.05–15.13) was associated with CAP. Herd immunity through pneumococcal immunization may have diluted the effect of individual immunization in this cohort.
Type 2 Diabetes Genes Gleaned by Making a β-Cell Screen Routine

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified numerous sites associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility (1,2). The vast majority of these sites reside in the noncoding portion of the genome, which does not therefore immediately implicate the culprit gene underlying the association. Making that connection is a key unmet challenge, crucial for studies of genetic mechanisms, designing therapeutics, and clinical decision making. Recent reports have indicated that gene regulation can be coordinated across extensive genomic distances (3); thus, the challenge of linking genetic associations to the corresponding relevant gene(s) has become increasingly daunting. Although a number of functional experimental approaches and studies in model systems are increasingly being used, including in the diabetes field (4–7), these approaches have not yet resolved conclusively the culprit genes at the vast majority of T2D association signals reported to date. To address this challenge, Thomsen et al. (8) report the results of a high-throughput functional screen they conducted in order to narrow the list and possibly implicate causal genes at T2D GWAS-implicated loci (Fig. 1). The approach—a systematic knockdown of candidate genes via RNA interference, subsequently profiled with physiologically relevant assays—has been limited in the case of T2D for two reasons. First, the availability of appropriate human cell models has proven elusive. Although animal models offer obvious advantages, human cell lines a priori may better reflect the control of the expression of T2D-related genes in the genome. …
Glutathione S-transferase P1–1 (GSTP1–1) Inhibits c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK1) Signaling through Interaction with the C Terminus*

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated cell signaling pathways are regulated endogenously in part by protein-protein interactions with glutathione S-transferase P1–1 (GSTP1–1) (1). Using purified recombinant proteins, combined with fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology, we have found that the C terminus of JNK is critical to the interaction with GSTP1–1. The apparent K d for full-length JNK was 188 nm and for a C-terminal fragment (residues 200–424) 217 nm. An N-terminal fragment (residues 1–206) did not bind to GSTP1–1. Increased expression of the C-terminal JNK fragment in a tetracycline-inducible transfected NIH3T3 cell line produced a concentration-dependent increase in the kinase activity of JNK under normal, unstressed growth conditions indicating a dominant-negative effect. This suggests that the fragment can compete with endogenous full-length functional JNK resulting in dissociation of the GSTP1–1-JNK interaction and concomitant JNK enzyme activation. By using an antibody to hemagglutinin-tagged C-JNK, a concentration-dependent co-immunoprecipitation of GSTP1–1 was achieved. These data provide evidence for direct interactions between the C-terminal of JNK and GSTP1–1 and a rationale for considering GSTP1–1 as a critical ligand-binding protein with a role in regulating kinase pathways.
Evolution and replication of tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA mutants.

The replication properties of linker insertion‐deletion mutants of tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA have been studied by amplification in plants infected with the helper virus. Sequence analysis of the cDNAs corresponding to the replicated forms shows that only one of the original mutated molecules replicates unaltered, and in general new variants accumulate. Depending on the location of the original mutation three types of sequence modifications were observed: (i) deletion of the mutated region followed by sequence duplication, (ii) sequence duplication and deletion outside of the mutated region and (iii) limited rearrangements at the site of mutation. The mutant that replicates without sequence changes accumulates linear multimeric forms suggesting that self‐cleavage is affected although the sequence alteration does not involve the hammerhead catalytic domain. Alternative RNA conformations are likely to play a role in the origin of this phenotype and in the formation of sequence duplications. These results demonstrate the great structural flexibility of this satellite RNA.
Identification of Obesity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes From Australian Primary Care

The recognition of obesity by treating physician is fundamental to the management of diabetes (1). In this article, we describe the frequency of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes in Australian general practice and examine the identification of obesity by general practitioners. The National Evaluation of the Frequency of Renal Impairment cO-existing with NIDDM (NEFRON) study was an incident-driven, clustered, stratified survey of 3,893 patients with type 2 diabetes in the Australian primary care setting. Investigator selection and patient characteristics are described elsewhere (appendix 1 [available at http://care.diabetesjournals.org]) (2). Caucasian individuals with a BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 were classified as overweight, while those with a BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 were classified as obese (3). In Asian patients, overweight and obese categories were defined by a BMI ≥23 and ≥25 kg/m2, respectively (4). Waist circumference was measured halfway between the lower border of the ribs and the iliac crest on a horizontal plane. Men with a waist circumference between 94.0 and 101.9 cm and women with a waist circumference between 80.0 and 87.9 cm were classified as overweight. A waist circumference ≥102.0 cm in men and ≥88.0 cm in women classified abdominal obesity, except in patients of Asian ethnicity where the World Health Organization Expert Committee on Obesity in Asian and Pacific populations has recommended that a waist circumference of 90.0 cm for men and 80.0 cm for women can be used for identifying individuals with abdominal …
Statement on the “Standardisation proposals regarding healthcare services from the physicians point of view”

knowledge can be used or used among other things. Practicing medicine thus requires the necessary professional qualifications and compliance with the accepted state of medical knowledge. Against this background the present statement of the Scientific Advisory Board of the German Medical Association calls attention to the questions of what constitutes individualised stateof-the-art medical care, where might standardisation be reasonable from the point of view of physicians and patients (see chapter B U N D E S Ä R Z T E K A M M E R
Charge Transport in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Flame-made  $\hbox{TiO}_{\bm 2}$ Nanoparticles

The fundamental understanding on charge-transport properties of flame-synthesized in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is established in this work. By employing a one-step flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), predominantly anatase TiO2 nanoparticles with average nanoparticle sizes between 11 and 36 nm were achieved by varying the rate of combustion enthalpy (through varying liquid precursor feed flow rates) and using either an “open-flame” or “enclosed-flame” configuration. Electron diffusion coefficient (D), electron lifetime (τ), open circuit voltage (Voc), and capacitance (C) measurements carried out on FSP TiO2-based DSSCs demonstrated that interband charge trap density decreased with increase in particle size. Compared to earlier studies, interband charge trap density could be controlled more independently of particle size. Under one-sun conditions, relatively high was measured with large particle size due to the lowering of interband charge trap density. This was true despite the associated shorter τ. Comparisons with commercial benchmark Nanoxide-T and Degussa P25 TiO2 were also carried out. The results from the current study have significant implications on the design of TiO2 nanoparticles by flame aerosol techniques, for DSSCs as well as other photoelectrochemical applications.
Wideband Filtering Power Divider With Embedded Transversal Signal-Interference Sections

By exploring embedding transversal signal-interference sections in a Wilkinson power divider, this letter proposes a novel methodology for the filter and power divider co-design. The structure realizes simultaneous power division and filtering in a single uniplanar circuit. In this letter, the equations as well as the detailed design methodology are given. In the last section, simulations and experiments are carried out, the results of which show a filtering power-division performance with 90% bandwidth (15-dB return loss) and two transmission zeros at the passband edges.
Involving patients in primary care consultations: assessing preferences using discrete choice experiments.

BACKGROUND Shared decision making (SDM) involves patients and doctors contributing as partners to treatment decisions. It is not known whether or to what extent SDM contributes to the welfare arising from a consultation, and how important this contribution is relative to other attributes of a consultation. AIM To identify patient preferences for SDM relative to other utility bearing attributes of a consultation. DESIGN OF STUDY In parallel with a randomised trial in training GPs in SDM competencies and risk communication skills, a discrete choice experiment exercise was conducted to assess patients' utilities. SETTING Twenty general practices in South Wales, UK. METHOD Five hundred and eighty-four responders from 747 patients attending the randomised trial (response rate = 78%). All patients had one of four conditions (atrial fibrillation, menorrhagia, menopausal symptoms or prostatism) and attended a consultation with a doctor in their own practice. Patients were randomised to attend a consultation either with a doctor who had received no training in the study or risk communication training alone or SDM training alone, or both combined. RESULTS Five key utility bearing attributes of a consultation were identified. All significantly influenced patient's choice of preferred consultation style (P<0.001). Larger increases in utility were associated with changes on "doctor listens" attribute, followed by easily understood information, a shared treatment decision, more information and longer consultation. Utilities were influenced by whether the doctor had received risk communication training alone or SDM training alone, or both combined, prior to the consultations. The randomised trial itself had identified that the communication processes of these consultations changed significantly, with greater patient involvement in decision making, after the training interventions. CONCLUSION Shared treatment decisions were valued less than some other attributes of a consultation. However, patient utilities for such involvement appeared responsive to changes in experiences of consultations. This suggests that SDM may gain greater value among patients once they have experienced it.
Videodynamic and sphincter motor unit potential analyses in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy

In the paper by Sakakibara et al (this volune, pp 600–606),1 the differences in findings of investigations of bladder function between patients with Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy are reported. The authors' new findings focus on the urethral sphincter mechanism, examining this functionally …
Patient-reported outcomes with botulinum toxin type A treatment of glabellar rhytids: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND Global patient-reported outcomes do not evaluate specific aspects of treatment that are important to patients. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate self-perception of age and specific outcomes that are important to patients receiving botulinum toxin type A or placebo for moderate to severe glabellar lines (using the Facial Line Outcomes Questionnaire to assess how much facial lines bother them, make them look older, detract from their facial appearance, prevent a smooth facial appearance, and make them look tired, stressed, or angry). METHODS AND MATERIALS In the double-blind phase of this 12-week study, 70 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 20 U botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX Cosmetic) or placebo. At Week 4, those still with moderate or severe glabellar lines were offered open-label 20 U botulinum toxin type A. RESULTS Median glabellar line severity was significantly lower after botulinum toxin treatment than after placebo. Compared with placebo, botulinum toxin also resulted in significantly superior patient assessments and a greater proportion of patients considering they looked younger than their current age. CONCLUSIONS Botulinum toxin type A can achieve specific goals of treatment that are important to patients and help them feel that they look younger than their current age.
Measurement of synovial fluid and serum concentrations of the 846 epitope of chondroitin sulfate and of carboxy propeptides of type II procollagen for diagnosis of osteochondral fragmentation in horses.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether serum or synovial fluid concentrations of chondroitin sulfate epitope 846 and carboxy propeptides of type II collagen (CPII) can be used to diagnose osteochondral fragmentation (OC) in horses. ANIMALS 38 horses with unilateral OC of the radiocarpal (n = 31) or intercarpal (33) joints and 8 clinically and radiographically normal horses. Procedures-For horses with OC, serum and synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846, CPII, and keratan sulfate (KS) were determined, along with synovial fluid WBC counts and total protein concentrations. Serum epitope 846, CPII, and KS concentrations were measured in control horses. RESULTS Synovial fluid epitope 846 and total protein concentrations were significantly higher in the joints with OC than in unaffected joints, but CPII and KS concentrations and WBC counts were not. Synovial fluid total protein and 846 epitope concentrations were linearly related to grade of OC. Serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations were significantly higher in horses with OC than in control horses. Discriminant analysis allowed 27 of 34 (79%) horses to be correctly classified as having or not having OC on the basis of serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that serum and synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII are associated with OC. Increases in concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII suggest that increased synthesis of cartilage aggrecan and type II procollagen may be associated with OC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Measurement of serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations may be useful in the diagnosis of OC in horses.
Degree of compatibility for HLA-A and -B affects outcome in high-risk corneal transplantation.

BACKGROUND HLA-A/-B matching on a split typing level is more laborious, more expensive and offers less chances for a well-fitting match than does matching on the conventional broad typing level. It is important, therefore, to investigate whether or not split matching offers advantages and would, therefore, be advisable. METHODS 303 high-risk patients out of 2,471 keratoplasty patients from 1982 through 1996, whose histories were all followed prospectively, could be re-evaluated retrospectively according to their broad or split matching levels ('good' vs. 'moderate'). RESULTS Only a 'good' split level matching was significantly better than a 'moderate' one in the long run (up to 12 years). For the broad level matching this was only true for the first few years after keratoplasty. CONCLUSION If only HLA-A/-B are matched and if only results longer than 3-4 years (up to 12 years) are taken into consideration, then split level matching offers clear-cut advantages over broad level matching.
Metal release from simulated fixed orthodontic appliances.

Most orthodontic appliances and archwires are stainless steel or nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys that can release metal ions, with saliva as the medium. To measure metal released from the fixed orthodontic appliances currently in use, we fabricated simulated fixed orthodontic appliances that corresponded to half of the maxillary arch and soaked them in 50 mL of artificial saliva (pH 6.75 +/- 0.15, 37 degrees C) for 3 months. We used brackets, tubes, and bands made by Tomy (Tokyo, Japan). Four groups were established according to the appliance manufacturer and the type of metal in the . 016 x . 022-in archwires. Groups A and B were stainless steel archwires from Ormco (Glendora, Calif) and Dentaurum (Ispringen, Germany), respectively, and groups C and D were both NiTi archwires with Ormco's copper NiTi and Tomy's Bioforce sentalloy, respectively. Stainless steel archwires were heat treated in an electric furnace at 500 degrees C for 1 minute and quenched in water. We measured the amount of metal released from each group by immersion time. Our conclusions were as follows: (1) there was no increase in the amount of chromium released after 4 weeks in group A, 2 weeks in group B, 3 weeks in group C, and 8 weeks in group D; (2) there was no increase in the amount of nickel released after 2 weeks in group A, 3 days in group B, 7 days in group C, and 3 weeks in group D; and (3) there was no increase in the amount of iron released after 2 weeks in group A, 3 days in group B, and 1 day in groups C and D. In our 3-month-long investigation, we saw a decrease in metal released as immersion time increased.
Low-power wireless data transmitter MMIC with data rates up to 25 Gbit/s and 9.5mW power consumption using a 113 GHz carrier

In this paper a low-power wireless data transmitter MMIC at 113 GHz with data rates up to 25 Gbit/s is presented. The power consumption of the transmitter MMIC is 9.48mW and the output power is about 4.3 dBm. The measured bit error rate is less than 1 × 10-12 for at least up to 13 Gbit/s. The transmitter is a fully integrated MMIC based on a 50nm InGaAs metamorphic HEMT technology. The circuit consists of a low-power voltage controlled oscillator as signal generator and a low-loss high-speed switch as amplitude modulator, only needing a single-ended data input signal. The whole transmitter MMIC has a size of only 1.25×1mm2.