Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unit commitment using advanced three stage approach

Daily generation scheduling is a critical task in the modern energy management system. The main task of unit commitment (UC) problem involves scheduling the ON /OFF status of units, as well as the real power output of thermal units to meet the forecasted demand over a short-term period, meeting all kinds of system and unit constraints to minimize the overall production cost. Optimum scheduling of units save significant amount of production cost per year. In this paper, an advanced three-stage (ATHS) approach for solving unit commitment problem is presented. In the proposed approach, the first stage is utilized to get the solution in a feasible duration of time by producing a primal scheduling of unit, based on predefined priority. In the second stage, a pseudo-inspired algorithm is applied to the crazy particle swarm optimization (CPSO) for the economic dispatch of operating units. In spite of the acceptable solutions obtained by these two stages, proposed approach may take another stage called improved solution modification process (ISMP) to reach an optimal solution. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm have been compared with the results of various existing methods. The obtained results show the effectiveness of proposed approach
Long-range order in the 3-state antiferromagnetic Potts model in high dimensions

We prove the existence of long-range order for the 3-state Potts antiferromagnet at low temperature on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ for sufficiently large $d$. In particular, we show the existence of six extremal and ergodic infinite-volume Gibbs measures, which exhibit spontaneous magnetization in the sense that vertices in one bipartition class have a much higher probability to be in one state than in either of the other two states. This settles the high-dimensional case of the Koteck\'y conjecture.
3D conversion of 2D video using depth layer partition

In this paper, we propose a 3D conversion algorithm of 2D video using depth layer partition method. In the proposed algorithm, we first set frame groups using cut detection algorithm. Each divided frame groups will reduce the possibility of error propagation in the process of motion estimation. Depth image generation is the core technique in 2D/3D conversion algorithm. Therefore, we use two depth map generation algorithms. In the first, segmentation and motion information are used, and in the other, edge directional histogram is used. After applying depth layer partition algorithm which separates objects(foreground) and the background from the original image, the extracted two depth maps are properly merged. Through experiments, we verify that the proposed algorithm generates reliable depth map and good conversion results.
Productive Stagnation and Unproductive Accumulation: An Econometric Analysis of the United States

In this paper I evaluate the dynamic interactions between productive and unproductive forms of capital accumulation in the United States economy from 1947 to 2011. I employ time series econometrics to formally assess two questions that other scholars have hitherto considered mostly through verbal or descriptive approaches. First, I check whether unproductive accumulation hinders or fosters productive accumulation. Second, I check whether or not productive stagnation leads to faster unproductive accumulation. I introduce different measures of productive and unproductive forms of capital accumulation using a new methodology to estimate Marxist categories from conventional input-output matrices, national income and product accounts, and fixed assets accounts. A core feature of my methodology is the notion that the production of knowledge and information is also a form of unproductive activity. Results indicate two-way positive effects between productive and unproductive activities in the short run but no self-correcting mechanism that would bring productive and unproductive forms of accumulation back to a stable equilibrium path over the long run.
The Role of Preference Shocks and Capital Utilization in the Great Depression

The paper investigates the notion that preference shocks play a central role in our understanding of the Great Depression. I identify a series of universally large negative shocks which destabilized the U.S. during the 1930s. When the artificial economy is paired with variable capital utilization and mildly increasing returns to scale in production, it is able to account for most of the decline in economic activity and it is able to predict realistic persistence.
RECONSTRUCTION OF SEAWATER δ 18 O SIGNAL FROM CORAL δ 18 O : A RECORD FROM BALI CORAL , INDONESIA By : Sri

Sea surface salinity (SSS) and precipitation are important climate (paleoclimate) parameters. To obtain long time series data of SSS/precipitation one use coral proxy. In this study, seawater δ18O is extracted from δ18O content in Bali coral using centering method. The result shows more convincing that δObali is influenced by both seawater δ 18O and sea surface temperature (SST). In the interannual/decadal scale the variation δObali clearly shows the variation of seawater δ 18O, it is supposed that highly variation of precipitation contribute to the seawater δ18O variation which mirrored by coral δObali.
An Experimental Study on Catalytic Cracking of Polyethylene and Engine Oils

The utility of plastics and engine oils is very important due to their wide application in the packaging and automotive industries respectively and as such their continued use has led to an in increase in plastics and oil waste. However, the huge amount of plastic and engine oil waste produced may be treated with thermal catalytic methods to produce fossil fuel substitutes. In this research, the co-processing of polyethylene resin with petrol engine oil into high value hydrocarbons using thermal catalytic cracking (consisting of initial pyrolytic stage followed by a catalytic reforming stage) was investigated. Plastic resins and petrol engine oil were loaded in the thermal reactor and HZSM5 zeolite catalyst placed in the catalytic chamber. The system was purged with nitrogen at temperatures between 400 and 520 o C. The resulting products were compared with those obtained in the absence of a catalyst. At temperatures greater than 460 o C the conversion into liquid and gas fuels is above 70% wt. At similar temperatures and in the absence of catalyst, thermal cracking of low density polyethylene generated majorly liquid products with a low calorific value. The use of HZSM-5 as a catalyst caused a significant increase in the proportion of gaseous hydrocarbons that consisted mainly of light fraction olefins and liquid oil with calorific value of 43.9 MJ/kg and also comparable to regular petrol fuel. This study focuses on developing a method of conversion that can be adopted by industries as a means of converting waste plastics and waste oils into resources rather than waste.
Highly defective CeO2 as a promoter for efficient and stable water oxidation

Water oxidation is a critical step in water splitting to make hydrogen fuel. RuO2 is one of the most active anode oxides for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, RuO2 is very expensive and unstable under alkaline water electrolysis conditions. Here, we report a CeO2 supported RuO2 as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for the OER in alkaline media. We fabricated nano-sized CeO2 particles by an “explosion” reaction using Ag@CeO2 core–shell nanospheres as the precursor. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the obtained CeO2 particles possess a large number of oxygen defects. We decorated the defective CeO2 with nano-sized RuO2 (3–5 nm) through wet impregnation. The OER activity of RuO2 is improved by ∼150% on the defective CeO2 as compared to the pristine RuO2 electrocatalyst. Moreover, the RuO2 supported on defective CeO2 shows better stability in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. The improved activity and stability likely originate from the highly oxidative oxygen species O22−/O− formed in the defective CeO2, which can easily migrate from CeO2 and “spillover” to the surface of RuO2 during the OER process.
Determination of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) virus infection in Nigde region of Turkey

Brassicae oleracea is an economically important member of the genus Brassica cultivated as an important vegetable crop in Turkey. Field surveys were conducted to determine the virus infection in the various districts of Niğde province during the year 2014-2015. A total of 386 samples were collected from B. oleracea fields and screened using double-antibody sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) to detect Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV), Radish mosaic virus (RaMV), Beet western yellow virus (BWYV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Average cumulative percentage of these viruses affecting plants was 21.76%. The results revealed that 11.91%, 8.80% and 1.03% of the tested samples were infected with TuMV, CaMV and mixed infection with CaMV+TuMV, respectively. However, no sample was found infected with TSWV, TYMV, RaMV, BWYV and CMV. These results indicate that TuMV and CaMV were the only most prevalent endemic viral pathogens of B. oleracea in the dominantly warm humid continental climate province of Niğde.
Information of Interest

A pricing formula for discount bonds, based on the consideration of the market perception of future liquidity risk, is established. An information-based model for liquidity is then introduced, which is used to obtain an expression for the bond price. Analysis of the bond price dynamics shows that the bond volatility is determined by prices of certain weighted perpetual annuities. Pricing formulae for interest rate derivatives are derived.
THE EFFECT OF KANGAROO CONTACT ON DURATION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND SUCCESS OF LACTATION AMONG PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN AT SHAHID AKBAR-ABADI HOSPITAL IN TEHRAN

Background and Aim: Exclusive breastfeeding which has been recommended as the best feeding method for infants up to six months has a protective effect against mortality and morbidity. Nevertheless, breastfeeding is not a universal practice and reduction in breastfeeding rate is now considered as a serious problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Kangaroo contact on duration of exclusive breastfeeding and success of first breastfeeding in primiparous women. Material and Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial performed in labor and maternity wards of Shahid Akbar-Abadi hospital in Tehran. One hundred healthy primiparous mother-infant dyads were randomly assigned either to Kangaroo contact (n=50) or routine care (n=50). The Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool was used to assess success of first breastfeeding and duration of exclusive breastfeeding was evaluated by face to face interview in 4 months post delivery. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. Results: In Kangaroo contact group, 100 percent of babies had a successful first feed compared with 74% in the routine care group. The difference in the success rate was 26%, with 95% confidence interval; (cid:2)² =14.943; df =1; P(cid:3) 0.0001. No statistical significant differences was found in duration of exclusive breastfeeding (101.2 ± 27.84 vs 88.7 ± 42.47; P< 0.85) during follow up. Conclusion: Very early Kangaroo contact enhanced breastfeeding success during the early postpartum period. The difference between the groups in duration of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months was not statistically significant. Overall, we believe our study provides support for the implementation of Kangaroo contact.
Trends in Natural Hazards , Disasters , Risk Reduction and Climate Change in Indonesia : A Systematic Literature Review

Indonesia is one of the most vulnerable countries from disasters and climate change. While there has been a proliferation of academic publications written on issues related to natural hazards, risks, and disasters on Indonesia, there has not yet a systematic literature review (SLR) to determine the progress, key topics and directions for further research. SLR is important so researchers can build upon existing works, avoid bias, determine major research and need for further research. 10 It is also important to determine who, how, in which way the research has been conducted in order to strengthen research capacity in the future. The author conducted a SLR of publications indexed within the Scopus database from 1900 to 2016 on topics related to natural hazards, risks, risk reduction and climate change impacts on Indonesia. The findings are outlined in two parts. The first part focuses on the research topics and finds that publications can be categorized into three major topics: (1) natural hazard, risk and disaster assessments (HRD), (2) disaster risk reduction (DRR), and (3) climate change 15 risks, vulnerability, impacts and adaptation (CC). More than half the publications fall into HRD and focus on volcanic eruptions, tsunami and earthquakes. Publications on DRR focus on governance, early warning systems and recovery and reconstruction. Those regarding CC mainly concern carbon emission, forestry, governance, and impacts. The second part focuses on roles of Indonesian researchers and organizations in these publications. Findings show limited progress in research, publication and collaboration. International/ non-Indonesian authors dominate the literature and only half of the 20 publications are co-authored by Indonesians. Moreover, of the international collaborations that took place, this was limited to only a few Indonesian organizations. Reasons for this could be limited experience in academic collaboration, power play amongst researchers, lack of research capacity, weak English academic writings skills as well as a lack of incentives for international collaboration and publication within the Indonesian higher education system. 25 Keyword: Systematic literature review; natural hazard; disaster; climate change; Indonesia
The Influence of Website Content on the Purchase of Pharmaceutical Health Products

The purpose of this research was to determine what web content, according to the perception of consumers and their purchase behaviour, are optimal for the healthcare industry and also understand which content factors are more important than others.A quantitative, single cross-sectional approach was undertaken. A convenience technique was used. Data was collected from a sample of 362 University students by means self-administered questionnaires.Regression analyses were conducted as means of data analysis. The study shows that consumers are significantly affected by the different types of content components incorporated into a webpage. Within these content components, consumers view quality information as more valuable as they are informed about products more effectively, relevant to their needs. This then influences the consumers’ information satisfaction. Once the consumer is satisfied with the information provided through the relevant content components, loyalty towards the firm is developed due to the consistent quality of the content thus, resulting in purchase behaviour. This shows that it is important for online health websites to provide relevant and quality information to in assist consumers in making an online purchase. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n25p128
The Prediction Values of Transient Elastography for Clinically Significant Esophageal Varices in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Background: Endoscopic variceal surveillance is recommended in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, the procedure is invasive and needs an experienced endoscopist. Recent study showed that liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was correlated with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of transient elastography in predicting presence of esophageal varices that require primary the prophylaxis. Methods: Cirrhotic patients without history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding underwent LSM with transient elastography followed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Clinically significant esophageal varices were defined as esophageal varices ≥ grade II and/or presence of red wale sign. Relationship between LSM and clinically significant esophageal varices was analyzed in all patients. Results: A total of 52 patients, 35 male and 17 female, were enrolled in this study. Forty-seven patients had CTS class A. The median age was 58. Clinically significant esophageal varices were noted in 14 patients. The means LSM were 30.2 and 15.5 kPa in patients with and without clinically significant esophageal varices respectively. Patients with clinically significant esophageal varices had significantly higher liver stiffness scores than those without (p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that LSM value less than 16.2 kPa was a predictor of clinically significant esophageal varices (sensitivity: 85%, PPV: 41%, NPV: 91% and area under the curve was 0.81). Conclusion: LSM less than 16.2 kPa was a predictor of the absence of clinically significant esophageal varices with 91% NPV. The result may be useful in identifying patients who do not require endoscopic procedure.
Autogenous Deformation Results for Mortar Mixtures [ 9 ]

ı SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2009 Introduction In recent years, the technology of internal curing has been steadily progressing from laboratory studies to fi eld application. Prominent examples of fi eld applications include a railway transit yard in Texas [1], Texas state highway 121 [2], and bridge decks in Ohio [3] and New York. A winter 2006 Concrete InFocus article focused on enhancing high performance concrete through internal curing [4]. More recent studies at Purdue University [5-8] and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [9, 10] have indicated that internal curing with pre-wetted fi ne lightweight aggregates positively impacts a variety of aspects of concrete performance from its fresh state throughout its life cycle, from cradle to grave. Results from these studies are summarized in this paper.
The effects of compression ratio and release-time on loud speech and noise signals, processed by a simulated non-linear hearing aid

This study investigated the effect of compression ratio and release time on hearing aid wearers’ impressions of loud input signals. Two speech and noise signals, differing in spectra and signal-to-noise ratio, were processed in a model compressor with sixteen combinations of compression ratio and release time. The RMS input level of the signals was 75 dB SPL. Subjects rated the processed signals on categorical scales, in regard to loudness, speech clarity, noisiness and overall acceptance. With a compression ratio between 1.5:1 and 2:1 and a release time of 4000-ms, the highest degree of speech clarity and the lowest possible noisiness was achieved, while still maintaining a positive rating on the acceptance-scale. When shorter release times of 40 and 400-ms were used, ratings of acceptance declined when the compression ratio was 3:1 or greater. Thus, the preferred setting appears to be long release times in combination with a low compression ratio - providing the listener with a realistic loudness for the signal. When faster regulation is needed the compression ratio should not exceed 3:1.
A review of the effects of seismic surveys on marine mammals

This review highlights significant gaps in our knowledge of the effects of seismic air gun noise on marine mammals. Although the characteristics of the selsmic signal at different ranges and depths and at higher frequencies are poorly understood, and there are often insufficient data to identify the appropriate acoustic propagation models to apply in particular conditions, these uncertainties are modest compared with those associated with biological factors. Potential biological effects of air gun wilsnlwlu<kiphysical/physiological effects, behavioral disruption, and indirect effects associated with altered prey availability. Physical/physiological effects could include hearing threshold shifts and auditory damage as well as non-auditory disruption, and can be directly caused by sound exposure or the result of behavioral charges in response to sounds, e.g. recent observations suggesting that exposure to loud noise may result in decompression sickness. Direct information on the extent to which seismic pulses could damage hearing are difficult to obtain and as a consequence the impacts on hearing remain poorly known. Behavioral data have been collected for a few species in a limited range of conditions. Responses, including startle and fright, avoidance, and changes in behavior and vocalization patterns, have been observed in baleen whales, odontocetes, and pinnipeds and in some case these have occurred at ranges of tens or hundreds of kilometers. However, behavioral observations are typically variable, some findings are contradictory, and the biological significance of these effects has not been measured. Where feeding, orientation, hazard avoidance, migration or social behavior are altered, it is possible that populations could be adversely affected. There may also be serious long-term consequences due to chronic exposure, and sound could affect marine mammals indirectly by changing the accessibility of their prey species. A precautionary approach to management and regulation must be recommended. While such large degrees of uncertalnty remain, this may result in restrictions to operational practices but these could be relaxed if key uncertainties are clarified by appropriate research.
Blake Nose stable isotopic evidence against the mid-Cenomanian glaciation hypothesis

Detailed multitaxon stable isotope (δ 18 O and δ 13 C) data from Blake Nose (western North Atlantic) argue against a mid-Cenomanian glaciation event during the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse. Results generated are precisely correlated to sea-level changes inferred from European sequence stratigraphy using the twin δ 13 C excursions mid-Cenomanian event (MCE) Ia and MCE Ib. Microfossils analyzed (surface-dwelling to deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera, coccoliths) show remarkably consistent intertaxon δ 18 O and δ 13 C offsets; comparative scanning electron microscope and Sr/Ca analyses allow some δ 18 O data to be eliminated because of selective diagenesis. Across MCE Ia, the proposed interval of major glacioeustatic regression, the planktonic δ 18 O values are constant for each taxon. The absence of a mean seawater δ 18 O shift contradicts predictions for the mid-Cenomanian glaciation episode. The benthic δ 18 O records show significant fluctuations during MCE I, implying short-term variability in North Atlantic intermediate-water and deep-water circulation patterns and/or sources at that time.