Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of chemical and toxicological availability into metal mixture toxicity modeling: State of the art and future perspectives

Abstract In the real world, metals are generally present as mixtures, but evaluating their mixture toxicity is still a daunting challenge. The classic conceptual models of concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) have been widely used by simply adding doses and responses to predict mixture effects assuming there is non-interaction. In cases where interactions do occur in a mixture, both CA and IA are no longer applicable for quantifying the toxicity, because interpretation of the observed joint effects is often limited to overall antagonism or synergism. In metal mixtures, interactive effects may occur at various levels, such as the exposure level, the uptake level, and the target level. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of joint toxicity is therefore needed to incorporate the interactive effects of mixture components in predicting mixture toxicity. With this in mind, numerous bioavailability-based methods may be considered, with diverse mechanistic perspectives, such as the biotic ligand model (BLM), the electrostatic toxicity model (ETM), the WHAM-F tox approach, a toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) and an omics-based approach. This review therefore timely summarizes the representative predictive tools and their underlying mechanisms and highlights the importance of integrating mixture interactions and bioavailability in assessing the toxicity and risks of metal mixtures. Graphical Abstract
Review of Indoor Positioning: Radio Wave Technology

The indoor positioning system (IPS) is becoming increasing important in accurately determining the locations of objects by the utilization of micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) involving smartphone sensors, embedded sources, mapping localizations, and wireless communication networks. Generally, a global positioning system (GPS) may not be effective in servicing the reality of a complex indoor environment, due to the limitations of the line-of-sight (LoS) path from the satellite. Different techniques have been used in indoor localization services (ILSs) in order to solve particular issues, such as multipath environments, the energy inefficiency of long-term battery usage, intensive labour and the resources of offline information collection and the estimation of accumulated positioning errors. Moreover, advanced algorithms, machine learning, and valuable algorithms have given rise to effective ways in determining indoor locations. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the positioning algorithms for indoors, based on advances reported in radio wave, infrared, visible light, sound, and magnetic field technologies. The traditional ranging parameters in addition to advanced parameters such as channel state information (CSI), reference signal received power (RSRP), and reference signal received quality (RSRQ) are also presented for distance estimation in localization systems. In summary, the recent advanced algorithms can offer precise positioning behaviour for an unknown environment in indoor locations.
Integrating Band Structure Engineering with All‐Scale Hierarchical Structuring for High Thermoelectric Performance in PbTe System

PbTe1−xSex‐2%Na‐y%SrTe system is investigated and a high maximum ZT of 2.3 at 923 K for PbTe0.85Se0.15‐2%Na‐4%SrTe is reported. This is achieved by performing electronic band structures modifications as well as all‐scale hierarchical structuring and combining the two effects. It is found that high ZTs in PbTe0.85Se0.15‐2%Na‐4%SrTe are possible at all temperature from 300 to 873 K with an average ZTave of 1.23. The high performance in PbTe1−xSex‐2%Na‐y%SrTe can be achieved by either choosing PbTe‐2Na‐4SrTe or PbTe0.85Se0.15‐2Na as a matrix. At room temperature the carrier mobility shows negligible variations as SrTe fraction is increased, however the lattice thermal conductivity is significantly reduced from ≈1.1 to ≈0.82 W m−1 K−1 when 5.0% SrTe is added, correspondingly, the lattice thermal conductivity at 923 K decreases from ≈0.59 to ≈0.43 W m−1 K−1. The power factor maxima of PbTe1−xSex‐2Na‐4SrTe shift systematically to higher temperature with rising Se fractions due to bands divergence. The maximum power factors reach ≈27, ≈30, ≈31 μW cm−1 K−2 for the x = 0, 0.05, and 0.15 samples peak at 473, 573, and 623 K, respectively. The results indicate that ZT can be increased by synergistic integration of band structure engineering and all‐scale hierarchical architectures.
Digital Capital and Superstar Firms

General purpose technologies like information technology typically require complementary firm-specific investments to create value. These complementary investments produce a form of capital, which is typically intangible and which we call digital capital. We create an extended firm-level panel on IT labor investments (1990-2016) using data from LinkedIn. We then apply Hall’s Quantity Revelation Theorem to compute both prices and quantities of digital capital over recent decades. We find that 1) digital capital prices vary significantly over time, peaking around the dot-com boom in 2000, 2) significant digital capital quantities have accumulated since the 1990s, with digital capital accounting for at least 25% of firms’ assets by the end of our panel, 3) that digital capital has disproportionately accumulated in a small subset of “superstar” firms and its concentration is much greater than the concentration of other assets, and 4) that digital capital accumulation predicts firm-level productivity about three years in the future.
Suicide Prevention: Literature Review

ABSTRACT Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Suicide is an intentional act to end life. Pharmacological, psychological, health education, family support and the media are proposed as effective measures to treat depression and suicide. However, these guidelines do not have sufficient evidence to prevent suicide so this is a challenge for the world of health, especially nursing. The aim of this review is to report the results of studies that focus on interventions undertaken for suicide prevention. The search method for relevant articles uses the database PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar using the keywords suicide prevention, suicide intervention, and suicide therapy. Nine articles were included in the literature review, covering various types of suicide intervention, frequency of intervention, and effects of intervention. This literature review identifies eight types of interventions that can be done to prevent suicide, namely ACT, CBT, SAFETY, SOS, ASSIP. The conclusion is that ACT, CBT, SAFETY, SOS, ASSIP interventions can be done to prevent suicide, by increasing knowledge, education, skills regarding suicide and awareness related to suicide and family participation are the main points of interventions that must be carried out to prevent suicide . Keywords: Prevention of suicide, suicide intervention, suicide therapy
AUTOEFICÁCIA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR E SATISFAÇÃO COM AS EXPERIÊNCIAS ACADÊMICAS: PERCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

O objetivo deste estudo descritivo foi analisar a associação entre autoeficácia no Ensino Superior e a satisfação acadêmica de estudantes universitários em Educação Física. Participaram 251 universitários matriculados nos cursos de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Educação Física de uma universidade pública do estado de Santa Catarina/Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas a Escala de Autoeficácia no Ensino Superior e a Escala de Satisfação com Experiências Acadêmicas. Os dados foram processados utilizando recursos estatísticos descritivos e inferenciais no software SPSS, versão 25.0. Os resultados mostraram escores médios superiores a sete em todas as dimensões da autoeficácia, com destaque para as dimensões social e gestão. Especificamente, quanto mais o aluno se percebe autoeficaz, mais satisfeito ele fica com a instituição. As evidências ressaltam a importância de pesquisas focadas na relação entre autoeficácia acadêmica e satisfação de estudantes do Ensino Superior para a melhoria da qualidade dos cursos ofertados.
Simulated and Experimental Study of Sediments Sampling Parameters Based on the VOF Method

Sediments in the seabed hold vital clues to the study of marine geology, microbial communities and history of ocean life, and the remote operated vehicle (ROV) mounted tubular sampling is an important way to obtain sediments. However, sampling in the seabed is a particularly difficult and complicated task due to the difficulty accessing deep water layers. The sampling is affected by the sampler’s structural parameters, operation parameters and the interaction between the sampling tube and sediments, which usually results in low volume and coring rate of sediments obtained. This paper simulated the soft viscous seabed sediments as non-Newtonian Herschel-Bulkley viscoplastic fluids and established a numerical model for the tubular sampling based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The influence rules of the sampling tube diameter, drainage area rate, penetration velocity, and sediments dynamic viscosity on coring rate and volume were studied. The results showed that coring volume was negatively correlated with all the parameters except the sampling tube diameter. Furthermore, coring rate decreased with increases in penetration velocity, drainage area rate, and sediments dynamic viscosity. The coring rate first increased and then decreased with increasing of the sampling tube diameter, and the peak value was also influenced by penetration velocity. Then, based on the numerical simulation results, an experimental sampling platform was set up and real-world sampling experiments were conducted. The simulation results tallied with the experimental results, with a maximum absolute error of only 4.6%, which verified that the numerical simulation model accurately reflected real-world sampling. The findings in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for facilitating the optimal design of the geometric structure of the seabed sediments samplers and the parameters in the sampling process.
Dark Fermentative Biohydrogen Production from Palm oil Mill Effluent: Operation Factors and Future Progress of Biohydrogen Energy

Malaysia is one of the largest producers and exporters of palm oil, thus, a large amount of palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated through this process. POME contributes to environmental pollution if it is not properly treated. This complex effluent consists of colloidal matters and mainly organic components with more than 90% water. Thus, it is useful to be used as a substrate for fermentative processes, including biohydrogen production. Biohydrogen from POME is a renewable source that can potentially serve as an alternative to substitute fossil fuels. The abundance of POME and the rising price of fossil fuels in the global market create a demand for this source of energy. However, the complexity of the substituents in POME makes the optimisation of this effluent as a substrate in dark fermentation a challenge. This review article explores the important parameters that need to be considered for optimal biohydrogen production, such as the bioreactor operational parameters and the microbial consortium. Besides, the potential of metabolic engineering as a tool to overcome the limitations of the microbial strains to metabolise POME for increased biohydrogen production was also reviewed. However, further research and development are needed to increase the biohydrogen yield on par with commercial demand.
Content Analysis Of "My Life And My Work" By Henry Ford

There are several emerging theoretical positions on leadership, with many definitions emerging that emphasize different characteristics of the leader. Therefore, the leader and his/her success depend on the perspective of analysis. The literature admits a wide set of variables of the leader (personal characteristics, attitudes, and needs), its employees, organization in which it is developed and the context in which it occurs. Here, we intent to retrospectively analyse a leader, that lived between 1863 and 1945, who was recognized as a successful entrepreneur and engineer in a major automobile brand. The purpose of this essay is to characterize Henry Ford's leadership through the content analysis of his autobiography My life and Work. After identifying the fundamental characteristics underlying the types of transactional and transformational leadership and using a dichotomous criterion of their presence or absence, we proceed to read the book. The results indicate that Henry Ford was a man with a high ethical sense, to some extent a visionary, concerned about the maximum possible profitability extracted from the least man's effort. His style of leadership seems to fulfil an appreciable set of transformational leadership characteristics, although some traits of transactional leadership are also evident. We conclude that Ford is surely a charismatic leader, a sine qua non but not sufficient condition to be considered a complete transformational leader.
Monitoring the impact of major adverse factors on sustainability of Novgorod forests

The study analyzes the major adverse factors that caused destruction of forest stands in Novgorod region over the past 10 years based on the data on monitoring the state of forest ecosystems. Adverse effects such as weather conditions, fires, forest diseases, and insect forest pests were considered. The crucial reason of forest stand mortality in the region over the period under study was revealed. The features and patterns of the mortality of forest stands were studied with regard to their taxation characteristics and confinement to the natural landscapes of the region.
Verification of Safety in Safety Critical Computer-Based Systems: A Case Study of Nuclear Power Plant System

Abstract Verification of safety is a key activity in designing safety critical systems. The objective of safety verification is to avoid unacceptable risk of damage to public health or property or physical injury by any means. To ensure the goals of safety, these systems must reach a safe state for the occurrence of any failure. There is a need to verify the design of such systems to identify and overcome the probable risks, if any. This paper presents a case for safety verification of the main steam system of a nuclear reactor. The technique shown is based on Petri nets, to model and analyze the safety critical computer-based systems for safety verification. The paper further argues that the proposed technique is beneficial in improving faulty design.
A Review on Graphene’s Light Stabilizing Effects for Reduced Photodegradation of Polymers

Graphene, the newest member of the carbon’s family, has proven its efficiency in improving polymers’ resistance against photodegradation, even at low loadings equal to 1 wt% or lower. This protective role involves a multitude of complementary mechanisms associated with graphene’s unique geometry and chemistry. In this review, these mechanisms, taking place during both the initiation and propagation steps of photodegradation, are discussed concerning graphene and graphene derivatives, i.e., graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). In particular, graphene displays important UV absorption, free radical scavenging, and quenching capabilities thanks to the abundant π-bonds and sp2 carbon sites in its hexagonal lattice structure. The free radical scavenging effect is also partially linked with functional hydroxyl groups on the surface. However, the sp2 sites remain the predominant player, which makes graphene’s antioxidant effect potentially stronger than rGO and GO. Besides, UV screening and oxygen barriers are active protective mechanisms attributed to graphene’s high surface area and 2D geometry. Moreover, the way that graphene, as a nucleating agent, can improve the photostability of polymers, have been explored as well. These include the potential effect of graphene on increasing polymer’s glass transition temperature and crystallinity.
The Effect of Resveratrol on The Oxidative Stress in Rats Treated with Irradiation

The antioxidant and protective effect of resveratrol against irradiation induced oxidative damage were researched. Twenty-one rats were seperated into 3 groups; First group was the control group. Second group was the irradiation group; received physiological saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) for three days, then 9 Gray (Gy) irradiation was applied. Third group was irradiation+Resveratrol group; received 10 mg/kg resveratrol i.p. for three days and then the same dose of radiation was applied. As a result of irradiation, a significant increase was found in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, kidney and brain tissues of rats (P˂0.001). Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in all the tissues and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Glutathione (GSH) levels in liver decreased (P˂0.01), GSH levels in kidney, spleen and ovarium tissues significantly increased (P˂0.05). The giving of resveratrol significantly reduced the MDA levels increasing in liver, kidney, and brain as a result of irradiation (P˂0.001) and the liver MDA levels reached to the control levels. By giving resveratrol, it was determined that all the antioxidants studied reduced significantly compared to the control group and/or the irradiation group (P˂0.05). According to the data obtained as a result; It was concluded that resveratrol shows a corrective effect by changing the oxidant/antioxidant balance against oxidative stress caused by irradiation, therefore resveratrol is a powerful antioxidant.
Voltammetric and spectrophotometric pathways for the determination of total antioxidant capacity in commercial turnip juice

In this study, total flavonoid substance, total phenolic substance and total antioxidant capacity in turnip juice which made from the turnip (Brassica rape), a plant belonging to the family of Turpgiller (Brassicaceae), and also a drink specific to the Cukurova, were investigated. The turnip juice samples, taken from the turnip juice (A sample) and hot turnip juice (B) sample in local market, prepared in the laboratory were performed as two different parallel. In addition, electrochemical method was used to evaluate total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of turnip juice and hot turnip juice. By the SWSV method, under the optimized experimental conditions was applied for quercetin determination with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.017 and 0.057 mg/L, respectively. These values are satisfactory for application to real food samples for the evaluation of TAC. According to the results carried out by spectrophotometric methods, the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents and TAC were observed as 13.049±13.40 mg GAE/ml, 37.850±0.70 mg QE/ml and 81.831±3,24 mg TE/100ml, respectively. In addition, the TAC in turnip juice and hot turnip juice were calculated as 573.05±0.43 mg/L and 854.98±9.9 mg/L by SWSV, respectively. The results obtained by voltammetry and spectrophotometry methods for determinations of TAC were in correlation and found to be compatible for the determination of TAC.
A Network Study of Chemical Elements: From Binary Compounds to Chemical Trends

It has been claimed that relational properties among chemical substances are at the core of chemistry. Here we show that chemical elements and a wealth of their trends can be found by the study of a relational property: the formation of binary compounds. We say that two chemical elements A and B are similar if they form binary compounds AC and BC, C being another chemical element. To allow the richness of chemical combinations, we also included the different stoichiometrical ratios for binary compounds. Hence, the more combinations with different chemical elements, and with similar stoichiometry, the more similar two chemical elements are. We studied 4,700 binary compounds by using network theory and point set topology, we obtained well-known chemical families of elements, such as: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, lanthanides, actinides, some transition metal groups and chemical patterns like: singularity principle, knight’s move, and secondary periodicity. The methodology applied here can be extended to the study of ternary, quaternary and other compounds, as well as other chemical sets where a relational property can be defined.
Determinations of average molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of lignin

Etude comparative des valeurs de Mn et Mw obtenues par VPO, LALLS, SEC et SEC-LALLS. La VPO donne de bonnes valeurs de Mn si des thermistances adequates sont utilisees; on obtient des valeurs correctes de Mw par LALLS si on prend en compte l'anisotropie, la fluorescence et l'absorption de la lumiere
EVALUASI USABILITY HEURISTICS PADA MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS WEB

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi Usability Heuristics pada media pembelajaran Matematika materi Bangun Ruang dan Sisi Lengkung berbasis web dengan menggunakan metode Heuristic Evaluation . Instrumen evaluasi yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan sepuluh prinsip Usability Heuristics dan ditugaskan kepada empat orang ahli untuk sebagai evaluator. Setiap prinsip akan diberikan rating dengan skala 0 (nol) sampai 4 (empat) dengan kritetia 0 (tidak ada masalah usability ), 1 ( cosmetic problem ), 2 ( minor usability problem ), 3 ( major usability problem ), dan 4 ( usability catastrophe ). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, ditemukan bahwa media pembelajaran tidak memiliki masalah usability yang mempengaruhi proses penggunaan media. Rata-rata rating tertinggi terdapat pada prinsip Help and documentation dengan rating 1.5, hal ini menujukan bahwa media memerlukan perbaikan minor dari segi dokumentasi dan panduan. Kata kunci : evaluasi, usability , media A bstract: This study aims to evaluate the Usability Heuristics on the web-based learning media of Mathematics for Space Building and Curved Sides using the Heuristic Evaluation method. The evaluation instrument used was a questionnaire based on ten Usability Heuristics principles and assigned to four experts as evaluators. Each principle will be given a rating on a scale of 0 (zero) to 4 (four) with criteria 0 (no usability problems), 1 (cosmetic problems), 2 (minor usability problems), 3 (major usability problems), and 4 (usability problems) catastrophe). Based on the evaluation results, it was found that the learning media did not have usability problems that affected the process of using the media. The highest average rating is found in the Help and documentation principle with a rating of 1.5, this indicates that the media requires minor improvements in terms of documentation and guidance. Keywords : evaluation, usability, media