Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Varieties, Cutting Health and Fungicide Application on Chrysanthemum White Rust

White rust caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia horiana P. Henn. is one devastated disease that could make significant economic loss in chrysanthemum production. The study of effects of varieties, cutting health and fungicide application on chrysanthemum white rust was established. The treatments were arranged in split-split plot completely randomized design with three replications. Three chrysanthemum varieties i.e. cv. Puma White, Reagent Purple and Town Talk served as main plot. Seedlings with 20 % intensity of white rust infection and symptomless functioned as sub plot, while fungicide application on the transplanted cutting (no fungicide) and dithiocarbamate (Antracol R 75 WP, 2 g L -1 ) application served as sub-sub plot. Result showed genetic background of the cultivars significantly determined the degree of infection of white rust. Reagent Purple exhibited least disease intensities. Fungicide application was less effective in controlling white rust development, yet gave significant impact on the plant height and number of leaves of chrysanthemum plants. Cuttings selection based on the visual observation on the presence or absence of white rust pustules symptom did not gave significant differences on the further development of the disease. The symptomless cuttings were also infected with this fungal disease after the cuttings were planted under plastic house.
Mapping Science Based on Research Content Similarity

Maps of science representing the structure of science help us understand science and technology development. Thus, research in scientometrics has developed techniques for analyzing research activities and for measuring their relationships; however, navigating the recent scientific landscape is still challenging, since conventional inter-citation and co-citation analysis has difficulty in applying to recently published articles and ongoing projects. Therefore, to characterize what is being attempted in the current scientific landscape, this article proposes a content-based method of locating research articles/ projects in a multi-dimensional space using word/paragraph embedding. Specifically, for addressing an unclustered problem, we introduced cluster vectors based on the information entropies of technical concepts. The experimental results showed that our method formed a clustered map from approx. 300 k IEEE articles and NSF projects from 2012 to 2016. Finally, we confirmed that formation of specific research areas can be captured as changes in the network structure.
Piezoelectric Analysis of Saw Sensor Using Finite Element Method

Prispevok sa zaobera modelovanim a simulaciou SAW snimaca, ktorý využiva sirenie povrchových vĺn, pricom na simulovanie sa využiva metoda konecných prvkov. SAW snimac je zložený z piezoelektrickej GaN vrstvy a z SiC substratu. Vysetrovane su dva typy analýz - modalna a prechodova. Cieľom modalnej analýzy je urciť vlastnu frekvenciu SAW snimaca, ktora je nasledne využita v prechodovej analýze. V prechodovej analýze sa vysetruje sirenie sa povrchovej vlny v SAW snimaci. Obe analýzy su realizovane v MKP programe ANSYS.
Ultrafine Copper Nanoparticles Exhibiting a Powerful Antifungal/Killing Activity Against Corticium Salmonicolor

In this paper ultrafine copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were prepared from copper salt via chemical reduction method with sodium citrate dispersant and polyvinylalcol (PVA) capping polymer. The colloidal CuNPs were characterized by using UV–Visible spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Our obtained results indicated that the CuNPs were produced ranging from 2 to 4 nm in diameter. The colloidal solution at 7 ppm of CuNPs exhibited a powerful antifungal activity against Corticium salmonicolor (C. Salmonicolor). Fungal killing assays showed colloid solutions containing 10 ppm of CuNPs killed entirely the cultured fungus. A highly killing activity against the fungus was also performed when the CuNPs were sprayed on pink disease-infected rubber trees. These positive results may offer a great potential to produce CuNPs-based eco-fungicide for pink disease.
Production and Optimization of α-amylase by Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 6346 in Lab Bench-Scale Fermenter

Thermostable a-amylases are generally used for industrial applications. Industrially important enzymes have raditionally been obtained by using submerged fermentation technology because of the ease of handling and greater control of environmental factors. Bacillus lichenifomis ATCC 6346 of 12h old obtained by incubating at 42oC and 100rpm in activation medium was inoculated to fermentation medium. The fermentation medium was inoculated with inoculum (20%, v/v) and incubated at 42oC and 100rpm. Production of a-amylase was scaled up from 25mL to 2L. When the media volume to flask volume ratio was maintained at 1:10, a-amylase production was decreased from 46.30 to 30.24 UmL-1 with the increase in the volume of fermentation medium from 25 to 200mL. When the media volume to flask (2L flask) volume ratios were 1:10, 1.5:10, 2:10 and 2.5:10, highest a-amylase activity (30.24 UmL-1) was obtained at the ratio of 1:10. When the speed of agitation in the fermenter (3L) was increased from 100 to 200rpm, a-amylase production was increased from 13.59 to 36.76 UmL-1 at 42oC and 0.6vvm aeration. At 0.6vvm aeration and 200rpm, the dissolved oxygen level has immediately reduced to zero and increased after 57 hours. When the agitation speed was increased from 200 to 400rpm, highest a-amylase (51.17 UmL-1) production was obtained at 300rpm, 42oC and 1.2vvm aeration. Under controlled conditions (300rpm and 1.2vvm aeration), 51.17 UmL-1 enzyme activity was obtained at 28 hours of fermentation at 42oC while at 37oC, highest (52.45 UmL-1) enzyme activity was obtained at 32 hours. Keywords: Fermentation, Thermostable, Scaled up, Fermenter, a-amylase.
Impact factor and other metrics for evaluating science: Essentials for public health practitioners

Abstract : The quality of scientific evidence is doubly tied with the quality of all research activities that generates it (including the “value” of the scientists involved) and is usually, but not always, reflected in the reporting quality of the scientific publication(s). Public health practitioners, either at research, academic or management levels, should be aware of the current metrics used to assess the quality value of journals, single publications, research projects, research scientists or entire research groups. However, this task is complicated by a vast variety of different metrics and assessment methods. Here we briefly review the most widely used metrics, highlighting the pros and cons of each of them. The rigid application of quantitative metrics to judge the quality of a journal, of a single publication or of a researcher suffers from many negative issues and is prone to many reasonable criticisms. A reasonable way forward could probably be the use of qualitative assessment founded on the indications coming from few but robust quantitative metrics.
How can performance control be realized within the specialised youth care

Dit onderzoek is ingegaan op hoe prestatiesturing binnen de geindiceerde jeugdhulp vormgegeven kan worden door gemeenten. De geindiceerde jeugdhulp kent vele vormen, dit onderzoek focust zich op de sectoren licht verstandelijk beperkt, geestelijke gezondheidszorg en jeugd en opvoedhulp. Hierbij is eerst het belang van prestatiesturing binnen de dienst triade van gemeenten, zorgorganisaties en clienten aangetoond. Uit een analyse van beschikbare indicatoren uit de theorie volgenden vier indicatoren; doelrealisatie, clienttevredenheid, vergroting van de zelfredzaamheid en vermindering van de problematiek. Deze set komt overeen met de landelijk voorgestelde set. Vervolgens zijn uit een analyse van 27 meetinstrumenten zes meetinstrumenten gekozen ter ondersteuning van de vier indicatoren binnen de drie zorgvormen. Uit de interviews met zeven werknemers van zes organisaties bleek dat alle organisaties een verschillende set van indicatoren en meetinstrumenten hanteren, ook bij gemeenschappelijke indicatoren. Om meer uniformiteit te creeren en hierdoor de mogelijke vergroting van de administratieve lasten te verminderen is het advies om gebruik te maken van de in dit onderzoek voorgestelde set van indicatoren en meetinstrumenten. Door op deze manier prestatiesturing in te richten is het mogelijk organisaties eerlijk te kunnen beoordelen, leren kennen, vergelijken, afrekenen of organisaties transparant te maken.
MODELLING CHOICE IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: ASSESSING THE SHOCK EFFECTS OF A NEW TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Discrete choice models based on cross-sectional data have the important limitation of not considering habit and inertia effects and this may be especially significant in changing environments; notwithstanding, most demand models to date have been based on this kind of data. To avoid this limitation, we started by building a mode choice panel around a drastically changing environment, the introduction of a radically new public transport system for the conurbation of Santiago de Chile. This paper presents the formulation and estimation of a family of discrete choice models that enables to treat two main elements: (i) the relative values of the modal attributes, as usual, and (ii) the shock resulting from the introduction of this radical new policy. We also analyse the influence of socioeconomic variables in these two forces. We found that introducing this drastic new policy may even modify the perception of attribute values; in fact, the changes can be different among individuals, as socioeconomic characteristics act as either enhancers or softeners of the shock effects generated by the new policy .
Induction of New Defensin Genes in Tomato Plants via Pathogens-Biocontrol Agent Interaction

Defensins and defensin-like peptides are functionally diverse and commonly presented as an immune reaction between plant and pathogen. Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis as biological control agents, were inoculated into the soil, to suppress the activity of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani on tomato. The up- and down–regulated genes were examined in both treated and non-treated plants, using differential display technique. In treated plants, many up-regulated genes (21) with different molecular sizes, ranging from 50 to 7000 bp, were observed. Only four up-regulated genes were isolated from plants treated with B. subtilis+R. solani. The sequence analysis revealed that the identified genes were defensin genes; Amino Acid/Auxin Permease Family, Endopolygalacturonase PG1, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glycosyl transferase. Moreover, chitinase gene, defensin genes (DF1 and DF2) were quantitatively determined using RT-PCR. The comparative expression level of the three induced genes was exponentially increased as a function of time, after the application of the biological control agents. However, while the expression levels of DF1 and DF2 were high in plants infected with either F. oxysporum or R. solani in the beginning of the experiment, the highest expression level of these genes was attained in the tomato plant treated with either T. viride or B. subtilis, after 24 hour post inoculation.
Relationships between green urban citizens’ initiatives and local governments

Abstract It is often challenging to establish a good relationship between the green initiatives of urban citizens and local governments. Our aim is to gain a better understanding of how citizens and local authorities interact and how they can establish good relationships, relationships that contribute to the realization of the aims and interests of citizen initiatives and local governments. We analysed these relationships for five different initiatives, including the perspectives of initiators and civil servants. We hypothesized that an important challenge is to connect the initiative’s informal world and the formal world of local governments. Relationships can be problematic due to a lack of recognition and appreciation for the initiators on the part of the municipality, diverging ambitions or ideologies between the initiative and municipality or unreliable behaviour of initiatives in the view of civil servants. The results showed that a willingness to work together and developing trust are key conditions in developing good partnerships. Our study provide insight into how mutual trust can be developed. Developing a trustful relationship requires social competences. Trust building involves several social practices: establishing an emotional connection, ability and integrity, and aligning to each other’s expectations. Formal aspects of local governments, like rules and procedures, are not a major problem in the development of initiatives when a trustful relationship has been established. The civil servants and aldermen (City Council Members) involved are then able to overcome formal obstacles, such as mismatch with regulations.
Reassessing intergenerational mobility in Germany: some new estimation methods and a comparison of natives and immigrants

Using the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), this paper investigates the correlation between lifetime earnings of fathers and sons. The used estimation strategy differs from that generally used in the literature in that we first estimate a Mincer wage equation and then in a second step use the results to obtain estimates on the intergenerational earnings elasticity. For all father-son couples in our sample we find elasticities in the range of 0.35-0.45 which is remarkably higher than the reported estimates in Couch and Dunn (1997). Distinguishing natives and migrants, we find that intergenerational earnings elasticities of first generation migrants are in the same range as that of Germans while elasticities of second generation immigrants are in the interval 0.4-0.5 and thus are slightly higher. Keywords: Intergenerational earnings elasticity, Mincer wage regression, immigration, second generation immigrants.
A Supplement to the Invariance Principle of the Speed of Light and the Quantum Theory

Richard Feynman once said, “I think it is safe to say that no one understands Quantum Mechanics”. The well-known article on the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox brought forth further doubts on the interpretation of quantum theory. Einstein’s doubt on quantum theory is a doubleedged sword: experimental verification of quantum theory would contradict the hypothesis that speed of light is finite. It has been almost a century since the creation of quantum theory and special relativity, and the relevant doubts brought forward remain unresolved. We posit that the existence of discontinuity points and quantum wormholes would imply superluminal phenomenon or infinite speed of light, which provides for an important supplement to the invariance principle of the speed of light and superluminal phenomena. This can potentially resolve the inconsistency between special relativity and quantum theory.
Waterfowl populations of conservation concern: learning from diverse challenges, models and conservation strategies

There are 30 threatened or endangered species of waterfowl worldwide, and several sub-populations are also threatened. Some of these species occur in North America, and others there are also of conservation concern due to declining population trends and their importance to hunters. Here we review conservation initiatives being undertaken for several of these latter species, along with conservation measures in place in Europe, to seek common themes and approaches that could be useful in developing broad conservation guidelines. While focal species may vary in their lifehistories, population threats and geopolitical context, most conservation efforts have used a systematic approach to understand factors limiting populations and to identify possible management or policy actions. This approach generally includes a priori identification of plausible hypotheses about population declines or status, incorporation of hypotheses into conceptual or quantitative planning models, and the use of some form of structured decision making and adaptive management to develop and implement conservation actions in the face of many uncertainties. A climate of collaboration among jurisdictions sharing these birds is important to the success of a conservation or management programme. The structured conservation approach exemplified herein provides an opportunity to involve stakeholders at all planning stages, allows for all views to be examined and incorporated into model structures, and yields a format for improved communication, cooperation and learning, which may ultimately be one of the greatest benefits of this strategy.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Okula Bağlanmalarının İncelenmesi

Bu arastirmanin amaci, ortaokul ogrencilerinin okula baglanma duzeylerinin, okul tukenmisligi, cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi, aile gelir duzeyi, akademik basari, okul fiziki durumu, ogretmen memnuniyeti ve okul arkadas sayisi degiskenlerine gore farklilasip farklilasmadigini incelemektir. Arastirmanin orneklemini, 2015-2016 egitim-ogretim yilinda Malatya ilinde dort farkli ortaokulda 6. 7. ve 8. sinifta ogrenim gormekte olan 562 (274’si kiz, 288’si erkek) ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Bu calismada, veri toplama araclari olarak arastirmaci tarafindan gelistirilen “Kisisel Bilgi Formu” “Cocuk ve Ergenlerde Okula Baglanma Olcegi” ve “Ilkogretim Okul Tukenmisligi Olcegi” kullanilmistir. Ikili degiskenler icin t-Testi ve coklu degiskenler icin ANOVA istatistik teknigi kullanilmistir. Arastirma bulgularina gore; okula baglanma ile cinsiyet ve aile gelir duzeyi degiskenleri arasinda anlamli bir fark olmadigi, sinif duzeyi, akademik basari, okulun fiziki durumu, ogretmen memnuniyeti ve arkadas sayisi degiskenleri ile arasinda anlamli bir fark oldugu bulunmustur. Ayrica okula ilgi kaybi ve okul etkinlikleri kaynakli tukenmisligin okula baglanmayi anlamli duzeyde yordadigi bulgusuna ulasilmistir. Arastirmanin sonuclari ilgili literatur dogrultusunda tartisilmis ve oneriler sunulmustur.
Estudi de l'estructura temporal del combat de judo

El present treball preten ser una aportacio al mon de l'entrenament del judo, ja que com que descobrim alguns aspectes de l'estructura temporal dels combats, es podran tenir orientacions mes clares en el moment d'organitzar i planificar els entrenaments. Per aixo, hem realitzat un estudi de 144 combats de diferents fases de la competicio i diferents pesos del campionat del mon que va tenir lloc a Barcelona el1991 i a partir d'aquests, hem elaborat un treball estadistic tenint el temps com a element clau d'estudi.
The quantitative development of academic careers in Germany 1850-1940: growth, exams and age structure

»Der quantitative Verlauf akademischer Karrieren in Deutschland 1850-1940. Wachstum, Examen und Altersstruktur«. The term career is generally defined as a sequence of positions. During the time period in question, 1850-1940, the sequence and level of the steps for the different academic careers in Germany align more and more. With the help of the new data presented in this article it is now possible to draw quantitative comparisons between the academic careers over longer periods of time, which until now could not be presented universally. The data are presented in a way which shows the manifold of its usefulness. First the various factors influencing differences in growth will be analyzed: demographic, secular and career factors. Then the available graduates of these careers will be explored in terms of how the final examinations, the failure ratio and the final marks developed. Finally the development of another important factor, namely the age structure will be described. Supply and demand are interdependent and lead to periodic fluctuations, which in addition to the other growth factors have an influence on career development.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES ON SOIL FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGARCANE IN NORTH COASTAL ZONE OF ANDHRA PRADESH

The experiment was conducted on a clay loam soil in sugarcane plant-ratoon system at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle with a variety 93 A 145 during 2007–08 and 2008–09 to study the comparative performance of effect of different organic manures on soil health and yield of sugarcane. Results revealed that the addition of different organic manures in addition to recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) resulted in the higher organic carbon content and available nutrient status of the soil compared to chemical fertilizers alone. The plots which received FYM @ 25 t/ha +RDF recorded highest organic carbon (0.55%) and available N (226 kg/ha). However maximum available P2O5 and K2O (38.89 & 254 kg/ha) was observed in plots which received press mud cake @ 12t/ha +RDF as press mud cake is a rich source of phosphorus (2.76%). Decrease in pH in manured plots was attributed to increase in partial pressure of CO2 and organic acids due to organic matter decomposition. Slight increase in soil organic carbon content and available nutrient status was observed in ratoon crop than plant crop is due to residual and cumulative effects of added organic manures in ratoon crop. The highest N uptake (301 kg/ha) was recorded with the treatment which received RDF + vermicompost. However maximum phosphorus uptake of 54.11 and 58.96 kg/ha (plant and ratoon crop respectively) was recorded in the treatment which received press mud cake + RDF is due to maximum P availability when compared to other sources. Better juice quality was observed in manure treated plots than RDF alone. Maximum juice sucrose (19.75%) and % CCS (13.72) was observed in FYM + RDF of plant crop. Farm Yard Manure+ RDF registered higher cane yield (94.18 t/ha) and sugar yield (12.92 t/ha) than application of entire ‘N’ through RDF alone (cane yield: 87.42 t/ha and sugar yield: 11.06 t/ha) but was found at par with vermicompost + RDF (cane yield 93.88 t/ha; sugar yield: 12.59 t/ha). The study showed that integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers produced higher and sustainable cane yields and maintained the soil fertility (Organic manures, soil fertility, productivity and sugarcane).
Electromagnetic radiation from nuclear collisions at ultrarelativistic energies

The hot and dense strongly interacting matter created in collisions of heavy nuclei at RHIC energies is modeled with relativistic hydrodynamics, and the spectra of real and virtual photons produced at midrapidity in these events are calculated. Several different sources are considered, and their relative importance is compared. Specifically, we include jet fragmentation, jet-plasma interactions, the emission of radiation from the thermal medium and from primordial hard collisions. Our calculations consistently take into account jet energy loss, as evaluated in the AMY formalism. We obtain results for the spectra, the nuclear modification factor (R{sub AA}{sup {gamma}}), and the azimuthal anisotropy (v{sub 2}{sup {gamma}}) that agree with the photon measurements performed by the PHENIX Collaboration at RHIC.
User integrated similarity based collaborative filtering

Traditional similarity calculation method in collaborative filtering is inaccuracy due to the extreme sparsity of user rating data. To address this problem, we propose a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on user integrated similarity. The algorithm modifies the similarity calculation formula by introducing the common factor. Then it introduces the item category interestingness eigenvector by category of items and distribution of user ratings to construct the user’s item category interestingness similarity. Finally, it combines the user rating similarity to construct the integrated similarity, and generates recommendations. The experimental results show that this algorithm can effectively relieve the inaccuracy of traditional similarity calculation method in the case of extreme sparsity of user rating data, and improve the quality of the recommendation of recommender systems.