Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memristor-transistor hybrid ternary content addressable memory using ternary memristive memory cell

A memristor ‐ transistor hybrid ternary content addressable memory (MTCAM) with a memristor ‐ based ternary memory cell is proposed. New emerging devices like memristors have recently been explored to overcome the limitations of CMOS ‐ based memory circuits. The memristor is used as a binary memory cell in these MTCAM designs to replace a CMOS ‐ based memory cell. This proposed design used a memristor as a ternary memory cell by exploiting its variable resistance characteristics. The associated wiring is reduced almost by a factor of 2 as a ternary cell is used instead of two binary cells. Area efficiency is further enhanced as the MTCAM cell is comprised of two transistors and two memristors (2T2M). A segmentation technique of match line along with a robust write/ search operation method is presented to enhance the search speed of the proposed MTCAM. Simulation based on a mathematical model of memristor is presented and analysed using 65 nm TSMC MOS model parameters. Corner simulations and Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to substantiate the robustness of the design against process variation. Simulation results show the worst search delay of 0.75 ns and the energy/bit/search of 0.866 fJ for the 128 � 128 bit MTCAM.
High Sensitivity Polyurethane‐Based Fiber Strain Sensor with Porous Structure via Incorporation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers

With the rise of wearable devices, flexible sensors have received extensive attention and research due to their great potential in human health detection and joint motion. Here, a flexible fiber strain sensor is directly obtained by a common wet‐spinning method, which used thermoplastic polyurethane as the elastomer, carbon nanotubes, and graphene as conductive fillers by incorporating 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl oxidized bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BCN) as the dispersant and binding agent. The introduction of BCN can effectively improve the interaction between the polymer matrix and the conductive fillers, and bear a part of the tensile stress and the supporting force during the fiber formation, to form the porous structure, which can efficiently carry and transfer the tensile force. Under the synergistic effect of various components, the fiber strain sensor with wide response range (230%), high gauge factor values of 17.8 (0−70%), 326.6 (70−150%), and 1501.0 (150−230%), fast response time, and recovery time (≈100 ms), and long‐term cyclic stability (>10 000 cycles) are prepared. In the fiber sensor, the ideal combination of excellent strain sensing performance and flexible wearable characteristics has been realized which will be of great significance in the field of weaving, lightweight, and foldable electronic devices.
From the boardroom to tee: understanding golf club volunteers during an era of change

Abstract This paper examines volunteers in English golf clubs and considers how they interpret their roles. Hitherto, typologies of sports club volunteering have coalesced around organisational context or the time commitment of volunteers. However, these typologies are limited in capturing intra-organisational complexity, recognising the diverse activities that volunteers perform and reflecting changes in the operating and public policy environments. A grounded theory study was therefore undertaken to explore how sports club volunteers interpret their roles. Golf club volunteering was chosen as the substantive case since golf is a globally significant sport that is facing participation and sustainability challenges. Data was collected and analysed from documents and twenty-one semi-structured interviews. The study found that golf club volunteers tend to interpret their roles in two main ways: with a business management approach that is orientated towards business-like management, customer satisfaction and competing in the contemporary marketplace; and, with a sporting perspective that is orientated towards organising play. Some volunteers combined both aspects, although such hybridity presented significant challenges. The study concludes with a discussion of how the influence of sport policy may be limited by volunteers’ subjective interpretations of their role and club context.
Adsorption Structure of Cobalt Tetraphenylporphyrin on Ag(100)

Using a combination of LEED, high-resolution XPS, XSW, and NEXAFS, we have studied the adsorption of cobalt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) on Ag(100) at 300 K. In agreement with previous studies on Ag(111), we find a charge transfer from the silver surface to the porphyrin molecule, reducing the metal center. At high coverages we observe a square-shaped 1.41 × 1.41 nm2 adsorption structure, which becomes more open at lower coverages. Because of the superior energy resolution of the Diamond i09 beamline, we are able to resolve a low-binding-energy shoulder in the C 1s spectrum, originating from the lower carbon atoms in the rotated phenyl rings. This is confirmed by XSW measurements, which also gives the adsorption heights of the other atoms in the molecule. In addition, the XSW and complementary NEXAFS measurements yield information about the rotation of the phenyl rings and the deformation of the macrocycle.
Rethinking Sustainable Community-Based Tourism: A Villager’s Point of View and Case Study in Pampang Village, Indonesia

Community-based tourism (CBT) considers one sustainable form of tourism to enhance tourists’ and local communities’ relationships. By investigating and studying the previous scientific production of the CBT field in general and, in particular, rural CBT, the researchers found that the local communities’ roles in shaping this type of tourism have been given great importance. This literature mainly focuses on rural CBT from the academic researcher’s perspective. This study aimed to understand the villager’s view on rural sustainable CBT in Pampang Village, Indonesia. In our research, we used the triangulation method based on three kinds of data: in-depth structured interviews, non-participant field observations, and quantitative sustainability aspects of the local attractions. The research results helped us design a model for the formation of sustainable rural CBT activities in Indonesia, which depends on formal and informal leader figures in the community instead of only the community’s solidarity, as much previous research has indicated.
Recent Progress in Atomic Layer Deposition of Multifunctional Oxides and Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has long been developed for conformal coating thin films on planar surfaces and complex structured substrates based on its unique sequential process and self-limiting surface chemistry. In general, the coated thin films can be dielectrics, semiconductors, conductors, metals, etc., while the targeted surface can vary from those of particles, wires, to deep pores, through holes, and so on. The ALD coating technique, itself, was developed from gas-phase chemical vapor deposition, but now it has been extended even to liquid phase coating/growth. Because the thickness of ALD growth is controlled in atomic level (∼0.1nm), it has recently been employed for producing two-dimensional (2D) materials, typically semiconducting nanosheets of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). In this paper, we briefly introduce recent progress in ALD of multifunctional oxides and 2D TMDCs with the focus being placed on suitable ALD precursors and their ALD processes (for both binary compounds and t.
Role of emotional regulation in self-harming behavior

Self-injurious behavior or deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents and young adults is found to be increasing, this is a high time to have an in-depth exploration. The present study entitled as “Role of Emotional Regulation in Self-Harming Behavior”, aims to understand and explore the nature and pattern of emotional regulation among adolescents with self-harming behavior. Hence detailed case studies on self-harming behavior among adolescents have been collected. The data collected through case study method and through in-depth interview was thematically analyzed. Study revealed that the participants with self-harming behaviour have difficulties in emotional regulation. One of the major findings was that the participants were engaging in different kinds of self-harming acts with an attention seeking or help seeking component.
Antiretroviral Drug Transporters and Metabolic Enzymes in Circulating Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages of ART-Treated People Living With HIV and HIV-Uninfected Individuals

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Abstract: Membrane-associated drug transport proteins and drug metabolic enzymes could regulate intracellular antiretroviral (ARV) drug concentrations in HIV-1 target cells such as myeloid cells. We investigated the expression of these transporters and enzymes in monocyte subsets and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-uninfected individuals (HIV-negative) and people living with HIV receiving viral suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART; HIV+ART) and examined plasma and intracellular ARV concentrations. Monocytes were isolated from PBMCs of 12 HIV-negative and 12 HIV+ART donors and differentiated into MDMs. The mRNA and protein expression of drug transporters and metabolic enzymes were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry, respectively. ARV drug concentrations were quantified in plasma, PBMCs, monocytes, and MDMs by LC-MS/MS. The mRNA expression of relevant ARV transporters or metabolic enzymes, ABCB1/P-gp, ABCG2/BCRP, ABCC1/MRP1, ABCC4/MRP4, SLC22A1/OCT1, SLC29A2/ENT2, CYP2B6, CYP2D6, and UGT1A1, was demonstrated in monocytes and MDMs of 2 to 4 HIV-negative donors. P-gp, BCRP, and MRP1 proteins were differentially expressed in classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes and MDMs of both HIV+ART and HIV-negative donors. Intracellular concentrations of ARVs known to be substrates of these transporters and metabolic enzymes were detected in monocytes of HIV+ART donors but were undetectable in MDMs. In this study, we demonstrated the expression of drug transporters and metabolic enzymes in monocytes and MDMs of HIV-negative and HIV+ART individuals, which could potentially limit intracellular concentrations of ARVs and contribute to residual HIV replication. Further work is needed to assess the role of these transporters in the penetration of ARVs in tissue macrophages.
Security Analysis of Safety Critical and Control Systems: A Case Study of a Nuclear Power Plant System

Abstract Digital computers have been chosen in the implementation of safety critical systems in newly constructed nuclear facilities. These safety critical systems are designed to operate in a secure manner so that their failure should not prompt any serious damage or catastrophic effects. Due to the security significance of critical systems, there is a need to ensure the secrecy of systems at an early stage. Existing work focused on evaluating security by considering at the requirement phase only integrity, confidentiality, access control, and availability attributes. However, many essential critical attributes have not been taken into consideration, like deadlock, liveness, etc. To improve the security of software systems, this paper introduces a threat-driven modeling framework. It predicts security threats, it figures out which threats require mitigation and how to alleviate these threats, and it incorporates the essential missing attributes. We specify the functionality of the system with a Petri net, and we analyze the behavioral and structural properties of the system and threat mitigation. Aspect-oriented stochastic Petri nets are used as a formal amplified model. The technique has been validated on 11 safety critical systems of a nuclear power plant and it is shown for one case study in this paper.
Borsa ve Makroekonomik Faktörler Arasındaki Etkileşim: BIST100 Örneği

Calismanin amaci borsa ve makroekonomik degiskenler arasindaki iliskinin Turkiye ozelinde incelenmesidir. Calisma gerek kullanilan yontem gerekse veri seti anlaminda benzerlerinin bazilarindan ayrismaktadir. Calismada bu amac dogrultusunda makroekonomik faktor olarak kabul edilen GSYH, doviz kuru (Dolar/TL), faiz orani ve enflasyon ile BIST100 Indeksinin getirisi arasindaki iliski ampirik olarak analiz edilmistir. Calismada kullanilan ceyreklik veri seti 2003:C1 ve 2018:C3 arasini kapsamaktadir. Yapilan analizlerde degiskenler arasindaki iliskinin varliginin tespiti amaciyla esbutunlesme testinin yani sira, bu iliskinin yonunun belirlenmesi amaciyla nedensellik ve degiskenlerde meydana gelen soklarin nereden kaynaklandiginin tespiti amaciyla da varyans ayristirma testleri kullanilmistir. Analizler sonucunda, BIST100 ile makroekonomik faktorler arasinda trende kirilma modeline gore uzun donemli esbutunlesik iliskiye ulasilmistir. Nedensellik analizine gore, BIST100 ile faiz orani arasinda cift yonlu ve anlamli; BIST100’den GSYH’ye ve yani sira, BIST100, GSYH ve faiz oranindan enflasyona, faiz oranindan doviz kuruna, tek yonlu ve anlamli nedensellik iliskisi bulunmaktadir. Son olarak yapilan varyans ayristirma analizi sonuclarina gore, calisma kapsaminda elde edilen sonuclarin beklentilerle ve literaturle uyumlu oldugu gorulmektedir. Buna gore, BIST100 ile faiz orani ve doviz kurunun en guclu uzun donemli aciklayici iliskilere sahip oldugu gorulmektedir. Ulasilan bulgular isiginda gerek yatirimcilar gerekse politika yapicilar acisindan onemli cikarimlarin oldugu soylenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: BIST100, Makroekonomik faktorler, nedensellik, varyans ayristirma JEL Siniflandirmasi: C32, E44, G23
Air Pollution in Moscow Megacity: Data Fusion of the Chemical Transport Model and Observational Network

Comparisons of observational data obtained at the Moscow Ecological Monitoring network (MEM) with numerical simulations using a chemical transformation and transport model (SILAM—System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition) showed that the errors in determining the gaseous pollutant concentrations in the urban atmosphere have a more complex structure than those assumed under the conventional algorithms of data assimilation. These errors are statistically nonstationary; they show a pronounced diurnal cycle and a significant lifetime. The statistical features of errors in numerical calculations also depend upon the type of pollutants, i.e., the chemical reactions in which they participate. Our analysis showed that the simulation errors are not small: the ratios of calculated and measured concentrations (even for daily averages at all measuring stations) may vary in a wide range. For the chemically active pollutants, the intradiurnal error variations may reach 100%. The diurnal cycle of such errors was found to vary according to seasons (in our case, summer and winter). The analysis of statistical properties of the errors, including their temporal and spatial variability, allows one to correct and adequately forecast the air pollution in the metropolis area at lead times up to three days in advance.
How Conservatives Lost Confidence in Science: The Role of Ideological Alignment in Political Polarization

Abstract:Confidence in the scientific community became politically polarized in the United States at the turn of the twenty-first century, with conservatives displaying lower confidence in scientists than liberals. Using data from the General Social Survey from 1984 to 2016, I show that moral and economic conservatives played distinct but complementary roles in producing this divide. I find that moral conservatives exhibited low confidence in scientists before any substantial division existed between self-identified political conservatives and liberals on this issue. However, as moral conservatism increasingly consolidated under the label of political conservatism, a negative association between political conservatism and confidence in the scientific community emerged. Economic conservatives, by contrast, previously held disproportionately high confidence in scientists, but this positive relationship wanes in the beginning of the twenty-first century. These findings suggest that interpreting political polarization requires attention to the multiple dimensions along which political attitudes are organized and ideological coalitions are formed.
High‐throughput NGS‐based genotyping and phenotyping: Role in genomics‐assisted breeding for soybean improvement

Soybean is an important food crop that provides edible protein and oil for human and animal nutrition. Conventional phenotypic‐based breeding approaches have made significant contribution in the last century by developing many improved soybean varieties. However, due to the longer time taken to develop a variety, low genetic gain per unit time, and adverse environmental influence of phenotypic‐based selection, conventional approaches are not sufficient to maintain pace with growing population and climate change. In this context, the recent method of genotypic selection, that is, genomics‐assisted breeding (GAB) is considered a promising approach to address the challenges in soybean breeding. However, to harness the true potential of GAB in soybean improvement, the great coverage and precision in the genotyping and phenotyping are required. Previously, a huge gap was observed between the discovery and practical use of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in soybean improvement. It has been suggested that low marker density and manually collected phenotypes are the major reasons for this failure. Hence, high‐throughput genotyping (HTG) providing higher genome‐wide marker density, as well as accurate and precise phenotyping using high‐throughput digital phenotyping (HTP) platforms, can significantly increase the success of QTL and candidate gene identification in soybean. These approaches can greatly increase the practical utility of GAB in soybean and also offer a faster characterization of germplasm and breeding materials. This review provides the detailed information on how the recent innovations in genomics and phenomics can assists in improving the efficiency and potential of GAB in soybean improvement.
Phase formation and stability in TiOx and ZrOx thin films: Extremely sub-stoichiometric functional oxides for electrical and TCO applications

Abstract Most functional materials are thermodynamic equilibrium phases representing minima in the thermodynamic phase space. However, it is expected that many metastable phases with highly interesting properties also exist. Here, we report on a systematic approach to prepare thin-films of such non-equilibrium phases based on the gas phase deposition methods sputtering and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Our synthetic strategy is to deposit a “precursor phase” which is amorphous or already a crystalline non-equilibrium phase. Subsequent heat treatment leads to the nucleation of crystalline phases which again may be metastable or stable compounds. In the present paper we focus on the binary systems Ti–O and Zr–O, both systems being widely applied and technologically relevant. Highly oxygen-deficient titanium oxide (TiO1.6) and zirconium oxide (ZrO) films prepared by pulsed laser deposition at room temperature are optically absorbing and possess electronic conductivities in the range of 10 S/cm. Both materials are metastable in respect to both composition and structure. For TiO1.6 we find an amorphous matrix with embedded grains of cubic titanium monoxide (γ-TiO) directly after deposition. Upon annealing nanocrystalline grains of metallic Ti are formed in the amorphous matrix due to an internal solid-state disproportionation whereas the electrical conductivity of the films increases and comes close to metal-like conductivity (1000 S/cm) at about 450 °C. Congruently, room temperature deposited ZrO films with an average composition of Zr:O= 1:1 contain small ZrO nanocrystals within an amorphous matrix. Heat treatment again leads to an internal disproportionation reaction whereas small crystals of Zr2O and ZrO2 precipitate at temperatures as low as 75 °C. Increasing the temperature then results in the crystallization of metastable tetragonal ZrO2 at about 400 °C. Sputter deposition allows a subtler control of the oxygen partial pressure. Slightly non-stoichiometric TiO2−x films form a degenerate semiconductor with room temperature conductivities as high as 170 S/cm. Moreover, controlling both, the doping level and the vacancy concentration of these films allows to control the phase formation and the transition temperature between the rutile and anatase TiO2 polymorphs. Niobium doping of sputter deposited TiO2 can lead to films with very high electrical conductivities while maintaining a high optical transmittance demonstrating the potential of the material as an alternative transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with extraordinary properties.
Parental Childhood Feeding Experiences and Complementary Feeding Practices in Urban Households of Nigeria

ABSTRACT Background Poor complementary feeding practices can expose young children to increased burdens of undernutrition, morbidity, and poor health outcomes in adulthood. Parents and caregivers, who feed the children, are shaped by socio-cultural beliefs and pervasive socioeconomic realities. Also, parental values are influenced by their perceptions and childhood feeding experiences among others. This study, therefore, explored the role of parental childhood feeding experiences and changing socioeconomic realities on complementary feeding practices in urban households of Aba, Nigeria. Method Twenty-eight in-depth interviews and eight focus group discussions were held with parents of young children aged 6–23 months attending postnatal care clinics in selected healthcare facilities in Aba city, Nigeria. Aba city is one of the sprawling urban centers in South-East Nigeria. Data were thematically analyzed using Atlas.ti software. Results Complementary feeding practices in the Aba urban households of South-East Nigeria did not meet the recommended feeding guidelines on timely complementary feeding and dietary diversity. Consumption of processed foods and sweetened beverages was prevalent. Data suggest this feeding pattern was affected by two factors: parental feeding experiences in early life and changing socioeconomic realities. Parents who lacked satisfactory feeding experiences in their childhood but achieved some socioeconomic success in later life exhibited poor complementary feeding practices. Also, certain food types were associated with affluence notwithstanding their nutritional values. Poor complementary feeding was also linked to the parental desire to not reliving their poor childhood feeding experiences. Conclusion The parental perceived poor childhood feeding experience has led many to adopt the consumption of processed foods and sweetened beverages. This may expose children to risks of undernutrition, obesity, and overall poor health outcomes in later adulthood. More effort should be made to educate parents on healthful eating patterns and the dangers of poor complementary feeding practices in children's overall health well-being in later life.