Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RELATED ANALYTICAL , ANALOG AND NUMERICAL METHODS IN TRANSONIC AIRFOIL DESIGN

Design methods for transonic airfoils are presented together with a review of the preceding analytical and analog flow studies both in hodograph and physical space. Transonic analytical results for cusped airfoils in sonic flow provide details of solution structures in hodograph planes to formulate a new transonic boundary value problem. This is used subsequently for extension of the classical rheoelectric analogy for subsonic flow modelling into the transonic regime. Airfoil design with the resulting hybrid technique is described. Replacement of the analogy by numerical solver routines in the hodograph plane finally leads to an application in physical space and the development of effective computer codes suitable for design of shock-free airfoil families including adaptive wing sections.
Exogenous application of cytokinin (6-BAP) ameliorates the adverse effect of combined drought and high temperature stress in wheat seedling

Drought and high temperature stress often occur simultaneously especially in rainfed grown wheat crop causing severe yield loss in most of the wheat growing areas of the world. The simultaneous effects of these two stresses on crop performance in terms of growth and development may be quite different than the individual stress, but there are limited studies on this topic. Drought as well high temperature stress inhibits CK synthesis and accelerates CK degradation, reducing CK levels in roots and shoots. Experiments were performed in 10 days old wheat seedling under independent and combined drought and high temperature stress conditions with two contrasting set of wheat genotypes (C-306, tolerant and Ko-307, susceptible). Combined stress significantly reduced the membrane stability, RWC, CSI and photosynthetic pigments contents and increased the lipid peroxidation (TBARS contents). While exogenous application of optimize dose of 10 ppm BAP, (identified in preliminary experiments based on changes in growth and physiological traits) significant increased membrane stability index (MSI), photosynthetic pigments contents, chlorophyll stability index and RWC and other growth parameters in wheat seedlings grown under independent and combined stress conditions. However, genotypes subjected to drought, high temperature & combined drought and high temperature stress in 10 days old wheat seedlings. Overall it is concluded that, combined effect of drought + high temperature stress was more detrimental than the individual stress however, the interaction effect was hypo-additive in nature, which may be due to cross adaptation effect and further exogenous application of cytokinin (6-BAP) ameliorates the adverse effect of combined stress as well individual stress.
Lake-Level Chronology on the Southern Bolivian Altiplano (18°–23°S) During Late-Glacial Time and the Early Holocene

Abstract Stratigraphic analyses of outcrops, shorelines, and diatoms from the southern Bolivian Altiplano (Uyuni-Coipasa basin) reveal two major lacustrine phases during the late-glacial period and the early Holocene, based on a chronology established by radiocarbon and U/Th control. A comparison of14C and230Th/234U ages shows that during times of high lake level, radiocarbon ages are valid. However, during low-water periods,14C ages must be corrected for a reservoir effect. The lacustrine Tauca phase started a little before 16,00014C yr B.P., and the lake level reached its maximum between 13,000 and 12,00014C yr B.P. A dry event (Ticaña) occurred after ca. 12,000 and before 950014C yr B.P. A moderate lacustrine oscillation (Coipasa event) occurred between ca. 9500 and 850014C yr B.P., using a reservoir-corrected conventional14C chronology. Comparisons between the lake-level chronology in the Uyuni-Coipasa basin and data from other southern tropical areas of South America suggest that the lacustrine evolution may reflect large-scale climatic changes.
Relationship of body perception and stress with obesity, food consumption and eating disorders among working women

The influence of body perception and stress on the rising trend of obesity among working women was studied. Body perception, food frequency, stress and anthropometric parameters and body fat were assessed in female teachers aged 30-59 years from five colleges of Jalandhar, Punjab. Body satisfaction perceived as lesser concern with body shape was positively and significantly (p? 0.01) correlated with BMI, body weight, waist circumference and body fat. Body dissatisfaction in terms of higher concern with body shape was significantly correlated with lesser consumption frequency of traditional sweets (p? 0.05). Body satisfaction was found to be significantly (p? 0.01) correlated with uncontrolled eating and emotional eating. Stress level showed a positive and significant (p? 0.01) correlation with the consumption of traditional savoury snacks, western fast food and higher frequency of eating out. The stress level was also significantly (p? 0.05) correlated with emotional eating. The study concluded that adiposity, eating behaviours and food choices were influenced by stress and a lesser concern about body shape among working women.
Public participation GIS to support a bottom- up approach in forest landscape planning

Abstract: Forest landscape planning analyses all forest aspects (economic, ecological and social) and defines long-term forest management guidelines. Various actors are involved in landscape planning; therefore the analysis needs to take into account goals and targets of the different stakeholders. The participatory process can strongly support the development of a bottom-up forest plan definition when stakeholders are involved throughout the decision-making process. In this way, management guidelines are defined by decision makers and local communities through a shared process. With this approach, Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) is a useful tool to support the decision-making process in forest planning. The aim of the paper is to present a method that matches these requirements by exploiting the potential of GIS. The application of Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) is a useful support to integrate stakeholders’ priorities and expectations into forest planning strategies. Furthermore, it represents the starting point to draw up management scenarios by integrating and comparing both technical and social priorities. This paper presents an application of PPGIS in a forest landscape plan in southern Italy (Alto Agri district, Basilicata region).
Response tokens in interaction : prosody, phonetics and a visual aspect of German "jaja"

Dieser Beitrag erganzt bisherige Erkenntnisse zum Ruckmeldeverhalten in der alltaglichen Interaktion am Beispiel von JAJA. Er beschreibt zusatzliche prosodisch-phonetische Eigenschaften sowie ein visuelles Merkmal der Realisierung dieser Partikel in institutionellen und quasi-privaten Interaktionen wie Arzt-Patienten-Gesprachen, Big Brother und TV-Talkshows. Im Mittelpunkt der Betrachtungen stehen Tonhohenbewegung, Tonhohenumfang und phonetische Realisierung des Endes der Partikel sowie ihre Koordination mit Nicken. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass JAJA ein multimodales Phanomen ist, dessen spezifische Realisierungsmerkmale bestimmte interaktional-relevante Funktionen kontextualisieren, darunter die Unterstreichung epistemischer Rechte "nebenbei", die Relevantmachung der Fortsetzung eines turns, die eingeschrankt positive Aufnahme einer Handlung sowie die Einwilligung bezuglich der Fortsetzung einer Sequenz. Fehlende Koordination von JAJA mit Nicken wiederum scheint fehlende Intersubjektivitat der Teilnehmenden anzudeuten. Auf der Grundlage dieser Beobachtungen problematisiert der Beitrag schlieslich die Variabilitat von JAJA vor dem Hintergrund der ebenfalls beobachtbaren handlungstypubergreifenden Einsetzbarkeit dieser Partikel.
Programmed training effects on body composition indicators of female karate athletes from 12 to 14 years of age

Background & Study Aim: Karate is sport who has high demands for energy consumption due to constant dynamic movements in training and fights. Transformation process in sport is ability to change body physiology using training methods. The aim of this research are the effects of a three month programmed training on body composition indicators in female karate athletes from 12 to 14 years of age. Material & Methods: Twenty-two female karate athletes from 12 to 14 years of age have been submitted to a three month programmed training. Measuring the body composition indicators was conducted by Tanita BC420SMA – bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), scale specifically used for the analysis of seven indicators relevant for karate sport, differentiated by weight classes. For determining the programmed training effects, paired sample T-test was used at the level of statistical significance of p<0.05. Results: Three month programmed training resulted in changes regarding weight (p = 0.020), FM% (p = 0.012), FMkg (p = 0.01) and BMI (p = 0.002), and statistically significant increase in variables TBW% (p = 0.007). Concerning the variables FFM, MMSS and TBWkg, there were no statistically significant changes noted. Conclusions: The results of this research have indicated that under the influence of programmed training in karate, positive transformations can be expected within the indicators of body composition in girls between 12 and 14 years of age. Transformation is most certainly a result of natural growth and development occurring in girls, but likewise a combination of programmed training and adequate nutrition.
New Teachers' Domains of Interest in the First Year Following their Internship

This study explores issues which new teachers prefer studying within the framework of in-service training courses after their internship year and as part of their professional development. This was examined from three aspects: studied issues, relation between theory and practice and the place where the new teachers wish to study. The study was conducted according to the qualitative-interpretive approach of the case study type. The research population comprised 128 new teachers who attended the in-service training course. The research tools consisted of a focus group and an interview followed by a content analysis. The findings illustrate that the new teachers preferred enhancing their knowledge of the three aspects explored from the professional and personal perspectives. The research findings could facilitate the development of new teachers' in-service training courses which would contribute to their personal and professional growth and would assist building programmes of new teachers' support and induction at school. Keywords: New teachers, Teachers' professional development, Frameworks of teachers' Professional development.
The occurrence and removal of algae (including cyanobacteria) and their related organic compounds from source water in Vaalkop Dam with conventional and advanced drinking water treatment processes

Cyanobacterial bloom formation in freshwaters, such as rivers, lakes and dams, is known to occur throughout the world. The Vaalkop Dam, which serves as source to the Vaalkop drinking water treatment works (DWTW), is no exception. Blooms of cyanobacteria occur annually in Vaalkop Dam as well as in dams from which Vaalkop is replenished during low-rainfall periods. These blooms during the summer months are associated with the production of cyanotoxins and taste and odour compounds such as geosmin and MIB. The Vaalkop DWTW uses a combination of conventional and advanced water treatment processes to deal with the cyanobacteria and their related organic compounds in the source water. The overall objectives of this study were to: (i) investigate the occurrence of algae (including cyanobacteria) and cyanotoxins in the Vaalkop Dam; (ii) establish which environmental variables are responsible for the development and onset of algae, and (iii) determine whether the Vaalkop DWTW is able to eliminate the influence that algae (including cyanobacteria) may have on the drinking water. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed seasonal variation in algal assemblages in the raw water. The risk of cyanobacteria bloom formation proved to be especially high during the summer months as the nutrients needed for cyanobacterial growth are available and the temperature range is optimal, causing the production of geosmin, MIB and microcystin. The presence of Ceratium hirundinella (O.F. Muller) Dujardin, in the source water appears to exacerbate the negative effect that cyanobacteria have on the drinking water treatment process. When Ceratium hirundinella is present, floc formation is inhibited, causing more of the problematic algae to penetrate into the drinking water. Even though advanced treatment options such as ozone and granular activated carbon filters are used at Vaalkop DWTW, the effects of the organic compounds produced by cyanobacteria are not entirely eliminated during the treatment process. Keywords : potable water treatment, geosmin, MIB (2-methylisoborneol), microcystin, granular activated carbon (GAC), ozone
Modeling of Experimental Adsorption Isotherm Data for Chlorothalonil by Nairobi River Sediment

The present study deals with modeling of experimental adsorption data of chlorothalonil by Nairobi River sediment. Effects of initial concentration, different shaking time and contact time were investigated. The concentration of chlorothalonil in the clear aqueous solution (Ce) was determined by reversed phase HPLC. Determinations were made using the 15 cm MCH-5- N-CAP C18 column and 85% HPLC grade acetonitrile in distilled water as the mobile phase. Adsorption isotherm study indicated that the Quasi Langmuir (Scatchard plot) fitted the experimental data with heist regression values range of 99.8 to 100. Thermodynamic study calculations shows that the Gibbs free energy for chlorothalonil was -9.2687 kj/mol calculated using Freundlich and Langmuir constants. The maximum adsorption capacity of Nairobi river sediment was 33.389 mg/ml. Finally, Kinetics study revealed that the adsorption of chlorothalonil onto Nairobi river sediment falled a pseudo second order kinetics.
Responses of two Populus clones to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration in the field.

Deux clones de peuplier, l'hybride Populus deltoides Bartr. Ex Marsh × Populus nigra L. (Populus × euramericana), clone I-214, et Populus deltoides, clone Lux, ont ete cultives a partir de boutures ligneuses pendant une saison de croissance soit sous la concentration en CO 2 ([CO 2 ]) ambiante (360 μmol mol -1 ), soit sous une [CO 2 ] elevee (560 μmol mol -1 ) dans des systemes d'enrichissement en CO 2 a l'air libre (FACE) pres de Rapolano Terme (Sienne, Italie). Pour les deux clones, on a observe une stimulation de la croissance en biomasse aerienne, de la photosynthese en conditions d'eclairement saturant ainsi que de l'efficience de transpiration instantanee (ITE, rapport vitesse d'assimilation CO 2 /vitesse de transpiration) en reponse a l'augmentation de [CO 2 ]. Dans le cas du clone I-214, on a observe une augmentation tres marquee de la biomasse des branches et des feuilles ainsi que du volume des tiges en reponse a l'augmentation de [CO 2 ]. Dans le cas du clone Lux, l'augmentation de la [CO 2 ] a induit une augmentation du nombre des branches et de la surface foliaire, impliquant une augmentation de l'index foliaire (LAI). Un ajustement negatif de la capacite photosynthetique sous [CO 2 ] eleve a ete observe durant la matinee et uniquement dans le cas du clone I-214. On a note une diminution de la conductance stomatique pour la diffusion gazeuse et de la transpiration foliaire en reponse a l'augmentation de la [CO 2 ], en particulier dans le cas du clone Lux et a la fin de l'experience. Les effets de la [CO 2 ] elevee sur le potentiel osmotique foliaire etaient tres faibles, du moins en conditions de disponibilite en eau non limitante. Nos resultats montrent que les differences de la reponse a l'augmentation de la [CO 2 ] entre clones doivent etre prises en consideration pour les plantations futures de peupliers en zone Mediterraneenne.
Theoretical and experimental study on fully-developed compartment fires

Fuel responses to the flame and its surroundings are essential to predict the effect of fire on the structures. This study explores these effects and applies them to the common fuel configurations. The study focuses on the fully-developed fires where all available fuel becomes involved and can potentially yield the severest damage to the structural elements. A single-zone fire model is developed along with a fuel mass loss rate model that accounts for the thermal enhancement, oxygen-limiting feedback, and the fuel configuration. An empirical correlation for mixing of oxygen into the lower floor layer essential for the modeling is developed. An experimental program for single-wall-vent compartment using wood crib and heptane pool is performed to validate the model and explore a full range of phenomena associated with fully-developed fires. The simulation from the model is able to capture these phenomena and shows good agreement with the experiments. Some generalities of the fuel mass loss rate and compartment gas temperature are presented using the experimental results and the model simulations. The developed model has a potential to give burning time and temperature in a fire for any fuel, scale and ventilation.
ENGLISH BORROWINGS AND SCALE OF BORROWABILITY IN VIETNAMESE MAGAZINES

When two or more languages are in contact, it is impossible for them to remain completely discrete from each other and the most frequently encountered product of language contact is lexical borrowing. This paper reviews the background of lexical borrowing in Vietnamese context and investigates the scale of borrowability of English tokens that occured in magazine issues. The findings show that the syntactic system of the Vietnamese language has influenced how English word types are borrowed.
Overview of the 1990 viral gastro-enteritis outbreak from oysters

In 1990 there were 57 separate outbreaks of viral gastro-enteritis over 18 days implicating raw oysters from a large oyster producing area. Of 1,750 people involved in 11 outbreaks, 550 ate oysters and of these 446 (81 %) were ill (mean incubation period 36 hours) with symptoms persisting for several days. Norwalk virus was detected in patients' stools and there was serological evidence of Norwalk viral infection in blood specimens. Remaining opened oysters (11 samples) from implicated batches were examined for standard plate count, faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli with only 1 sample complying with micro biological standards. Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected at low levels while Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, and Staphylococcus aureus were not able to be isolated using electron microscopy. Some oysters could not be traced back to their source due to inadequate records and mixing of oysters from different estuaries at processing level. Large volumes of untreated sewage and stormwater run-off overflowed and polluted harvesting areas following heavy rainfall. E. coli (counts up to 60/g) was detected in oysters and harvesting and purification were voluntarily suspended, preventing any likelihood of food poisoning outbreaks. Despite abatement of the sewage overflow, extending the suspension period by 3 days to allow a period of natural cleansing, testing harvesting areas, purifying oysters and attempting to monitor purified oysters for E. coli prior to sale, Norwalk virus persisted in oysters causing the outbreaks. Besides improvements to the sewerage system, changes have been made to suspension periods, testing protocols and supervision by regulatory agencies. Using purification on its own as a pollution curative for oysters infected by Norwalk virus presents problems in New South Wales at least.
Motivation and Non-Majors in CS1: Identifying Discrete Audiences for Introductory Computer Science

Traditional introductory computer science courses (CS1) have had little success engaging non-computer science (CS) majors. At Georgia Institute of Technology, where CS1 is a requirement for CS majors and non-majors alike, two tailored CS1 courses were introduced as an alternative to the traditional course. The results were encouraging: more non-majors succeeded (completed and passed) in tailored courses than in the traditional course, students expressed fewer negative reactions to the course content, and many reported that they would be interested in taking another tailored CS course. The authors present findings from a pilot study of the three courses and briefly discuss some of the issues surrounding tailored CS1 for non-majors: programming, context, choice of language, and classroom culture.
Coppice Forests in Europe

This book is the final output fronm the COST Action FP1301 EuroCoppice Innovative managementand multifunctional utilisation of traditional coppice forests - an answer to future ecological, economic and social challenges in the European forestry sector. This book was produced with input from partners form 35 countries and contains eight chapters (1) Overview (2) Silviculture (3) Utilisation (4) Conservation (5) Governance (6) reports from each of the 35 participating countries (7) Outlok and (8) Annex.
Inclusive growth and inclusive development: a review and synthesis of Asian Development Bank literature

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has relatively few but well-founded and relevant studies, reports and publications on inclusive growth, inclusive development, or inclusive social development. This paper seeks to summarize the knowledge products obtained from existing ADB studies, statements and initiatives. It draws from the research and analytic work undertaken in the recent years by ADB's Economics and Research Department, the East Asia Regional Department and the Operations Evaluation Department, and other sources. One of the findings is that while there is no agreed and common definition of inclusive growth or inclusive development, the term is understood to refer to ‘growth coupled with equal opportunities’, and consisting of economic, social and institutional dimensions. Among the major recommendations of the ADB literature are that efforts to achieve inclusive growth and inclusive development should involve a combination of mutually reinforcing measures including: (1) promoting efficient and sustainable economic growth, (2) ensuring a level political playing field and (3) strengthening capacities and providing for social safety nets.
Expression of Bone Matrix Protein (Osteopontin) in Dentogingival Junction in Periodontal Disease

Recent breakthrough studies gave a considerable interest on the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, particularly, the critical role of cytokines. Cytokines have dual roles; they could be mediators of host defense against the microbial challenge, or mediators for periodontal tissue alteration. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycosylated phosphoprotein, it functions as a Th 1 (T – helper 1) cytokine, promotes cell-mediated immune responses and plays a role in chronic inflammatory diseases. To assess OPN expression in dentogingival junction (DGJ) in chronic periodontitis, ten 13–16 months old, beagle dogs were used. Animals were distributed randomly into two equal groups: Group I: animals had healthy periodontium. Group II: chronic periodontitis was induced in animals. Four weeks after induction, dogs were sacrificed and specimens were prepared for immunohistochemical staining using OPN monoclonal antibody. Intensity of OPN reactions was recorded by image J and t-test was used to compare between the two groups. Healthy periodontium showed a mild OPN reaction. While, in chronic periodontitis, moderate to intense extracellular reaction was seen in DGJ. Also, sporadic nuclear OPN reactions of inflammatory cells were noticed in chronic periodontitis. T-test revealed a significant difference between normal and chronic periodontitis groups. In conclusion, OPN may play a role in chronic inflammation and can be considered as a biomarker of periodontal disease progression.