Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Micro and Small Entrepreneurs in the Selected Districts of Odisha

Purpose: The present study attempts to make critical appraisal of Entrepreneurship Development Programme of Government in promoting entrepreneurs in micro and small sector and to examine various socio-economic factors responsible for their growth and sustenance. Methodology: The overall research work was based on primary data which were collected from the field by using semi structured questionnaires. A sample of 210 micro and small entrepreneurs operational in three districts were used for the study. The districts were chosen due to their outsized concentration of population of the entire state. Chi-square test has been used to investigate association between various parameters of the study. Ratio, percentage and tables are widely used for the purpose of analysis. Findings: It is observed that maximum numbers of entrepreneurs are not benefited from EDPs organized in their locality and very minimum numbers of entrepreneurs are benefited from EDPs. This might be due to low quality of EDPs organized or due to the non-application of techniques by micro and small entrepreneurs in their business. Implications: Instead of tailor made EDPs, need based programmes should be developed where quality will enjoy top priority. Married male Micro & Small Entrepreneurs proved to be successful in the growth and sustenance. Originality: No exploratory qualitative research work on prospects and challenges of micro and small entrepreneurs has been found yet in the state in general and in the selected districts in particular.
New Frontiers in Travel Motivation and Social Media: The Case of Longyearbyen, the High Arctic

Tourism explores new frontiers by traveling around unknown geographical and technological territories that bring new tourism opportunities and hazards to satisfy visitors’ needs and sustainability and responsibility in destinations. This study introduces a composite model for measuring travel motivation and the impact of social media on travel behavior and applies it to the town of Longyearbyen in the High Arctic. Both aspects were surveyed through qualitative semi-structured visitor interviews. While the motivation to visit Longyearbyen depended on travelers’ needs, their travel experiences, and push and pull motivational factors, respondents gave examples of how social media positively or negatively affected different elements of their motivation and visitation. The study indicates the opportunities and hazards analyzed from social media as well as future research directions needed in the pursuit of a more responsible tourism approach while exploring new technological and geographical frontiers.
Discerning Hope: Intra‐Actions of a Philosophy for Children Workshop and the Eco‐Socially Just Potential of Practising Hope

This article is an extended discussion from the recent opening presentation for the Annual Winchester Advanced ‘Philosophy for Children’ Seminar in Climate Change Education, Hope and Philosophy for Children. The presentation and text originate from Rosamonde Birch’s (2019) Masters’ dissertation research discerning hope through an Education for Sustainable Development Philosophy for Children workshop.
Recent View of Coenzyme Q

Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a lipophilic substituted benzoquinone present in all cells. Besides its fundamental role of an electron carrier associated with energy production in the respiratory chain, CoQ has two other functions in mitochondria. It is an essential factor in activation of protein uncoupling and it controls permeability of transition pores. Moreover, it participates in extramitochondrial electron transport in plasma membranes and lysosomes, controls physicochemical properties of membranes, and is the only endogenous lipid antioxidant. Its pro-oxidant role consists in generating the major superoxide radical/H2O2 second-messenger system. Biosynthesis of CoQ proceeds in every cell, small amounts of CoQ can be obtained from diet. CoQ is also available as a dietary supplement. It shows minimal toxicity, excellent tolerance, and no significant side effects. Its beneficial effects are largely attributed to its essential role in cellular bioenergetics and antioxidant properties. Supplementation of CoQ can improve conditions of a wide range of pathological states. Some forms of mitochondrial CoQ deficiency respond well to its oral administration. Recent meta-analysis of tests for hypertension is also promising. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the therapeutic efficacy of CoQ in various diseases.
Nitrogen‐induced acidification, not N‐nutrient, dominates suppressive N effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiosis with most terrestrial plant roots, obtaining photosynthates in return for mineral nutrients. Ecological theories based on the economics of trading partnership predict that nutrient enrichment would suppress AMF. Experimental results from nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions, however, were highly variable, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show distinct AMF responses to soil N:P stoichiometry manipulations via gradients of long‐term N and P additions in a Mongolian steppe. A complementary experiment with an acid addition gradient was designed to help tease apart the effect of N‐induced acidification from N nutrient. AMF root colonization and extraradical fungal biomass progressively decreased along the P gradient under two distinct host plant species, suggesting a carbon (C)‐P tradeoff. In contrast, low to moderate N inputs increased both AMF parameters, corresponding to the increasing N:P ratio. Yet, high N inputs reduced AMF colonization and biomass, and the magnitudes of N‐led inhibition were similar to those under acid additions that induced comparable changes in soil pH. Structural equation modeling further showed that while soil N:P stoichiometry primarily controlled the effect of P addition on AMF, N‐induced soil acidity overtook the N:P stoichiometry under high N inputs and dominated the effects of reactive N on AMF. In addition, AMF community composition in roots was more dependent on host plants and unresponsive to changes in soil nutrients. We further proposed a comprehensive framework that integrates biological and geochemical effects of reactive N and P inputs on AMF. Together, these results indicate that while the C‐P tradeoff controls P suppression of AMF, N‐induced acidification dominates the N inhibition. Our findings suggest that incorporation of geochemical impacts of N and P inputs would facilitate modeling efforts to project mycorrhizal impact on plant interactions and soil C balance under future nutrient enrichment scenarios.
Improving a Biogeochemical Model to Simulate Surface Energy, Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, and Radiative Forcing for Different Land Use Types in Northeastern United States

Land use changes exert important impacts on climate, primarily through altering greenhouse gas (GHG) and surface energy fluxes. Biogeochemical models have incorporated a relatively complete suite of biogeochemical processes to simulate GHG fluxes. However, these models often lack detailed processes of surface energy exchange, limiting their ability to assess the impacts of land use change on climate. In this study, we incorporated processes of surface energy exchange into a widely used biogeochemistry model, DeNitrification‐DeComposition (DNDC), so that it can quantify both GHG and energy fluxes between the biosphere and the atmosphere. When tested against field observations for the three dominant land use types (forest, hayfield, and cornfield) in the northeastern United States, the improved DNDC successfully captured the observed fluxes of outgoing shortwave radiation, latent heat, sensible heat, net ecosystem exchange of CO2, and their differences among the three land use types. To evaluate the differences in radiative forcing among these land use types, we conducted 100‐year simulations and converted the modeled GHG fluxes to radiative forcing using an atmospheric impulse response model. Our results show that the 100‐year cumulative differences in net radiative forcing are 3.35 nW m−2 between the hayfield and forest (slight warming) and 43.2 nW m−2 between the cornfield and forest (warming) per hectare land use difference. The cooling effects of increased albedo after the conversion of forest to hayfield or cornfield (observed and modeled in recent years) are gradually offset by the warming effects of the increasing release of GHG as the forest becomes older.
Novel Antibacterial Polymers

The research presented in this review covers the areas of low molecular weight antibacterial agents and antibacterial polymers. The review is divided into two main sections. In the first section, a detailed background information is provided about low molecular weight antibacterial agents (quaternary ammonium compounds and norfloxacin), antibacterial polymers with quaternary ammonium compounds and norfloxacin, and antibacterial activity tests pertinent to the research. In the second section, the syntheses and antibacterial activities of several new antibacterial polymers are discussed. These polymers are either acrylate/methacrylate or acrylamide/methacrylamide-type polymers with pendant biocidal groups, i.e. mono- and bis-quaternary ammonium compounds or norfloxacin. In general, two approaches were utilized to obtain the antibacterial polymers. The first approach involved the incorporation of the antibacterial agents to monomers, followed by their polymerization. The second approach, on the other hand, involved the linking of the antibacterial agents directly onto preformed functional polymers. The water-soluble and water-insoluble polymers were synthesized according to the pendant groups and comonomers present. All polymers were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, representatives of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, by using broth dilution and shaking flask methods.
Negativity Biases and Political Ideology: A Comparative Test across 17 Countries

There is a considerable body of work across the social sciences suggesting negativity biases in human attentiveness and decision-making. Recent research suggests that individual variation in negativity biases is correlated with political ideology: persons who have stronger physiological reactions to negative stimuli, this work argues, hold more conservative attitudes. However, such results have mostly been encountered in the United States. Does the link between psychophysiological negativity biases and political ideology apply elsewhere? We answer this question with the most extensive cross-national psychophysiological study to date. Respondents across 17 countries and six continents were exposed to negative and positive televised news reports and static images. Sensors tracked participants’ skin conductance, and a survey captured their left–right political orientation. Analyses performed at three levels of aggregation—respondent-as-a-case, stimuli-as-a-case, and second-by-second time-series—fail to find strong support for the link between negativity biases and political ideology.
Analisis Peran Perbankan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia: Bank Syariah Versus Bank Konvensional

This research was conducted to find out whether bank credit and financing encourage economic activity and growth. The study was conducted using explanatory methods, applying the multiple regression equation model with ordinary least square (OLS) regression data analysis methods, using Indonesian economic data for the period 1992-2018. The results of this study reveal that conventional bank credit and Islamic bank financing significantly influence the economic growth. Increased credit and financing have a positive effect on economic growth. Every increase in conventional bank credit results in an increase in economic growth. The effect of change is not too large, is inelastic, but the effect is significant. Every increase in the value of credit and financing in the domestic banking industry has the potential to cause economic growth. The effect of conventional bank credit on economic growth is greater than the effect of Islamic bank financing on economic growth. Conventional bank credit is relatively more elastic encouraging economic growth compared to Islamic banks.
Evaluating Restrictive Models in Educational and Behavioral Research: Local Misfit Overrides Model Tenability

The frequent practice of overall fit evaluation for latent variable models in educational and behavioral research is reconsidered. It is argued that since overall plausibility does not imply local plausibility and is only necessary for the latter, local misfit should be considered a sufficient condition for model rejection, even in the case of omnibus model tenability. The argument is exemplified with a comparison of the widely used one-parameter and two-parameter logistic models. A theoretically and practically relevant setting illustrates how discounting local fit and concentrating instead on overall model fit may lead to incorrect model selection, even if a popular information criterion is also employed. The article concludes with the recommendation for routine examination of particular parameter constraints within latent variable models as part of their fit evaluation.
Interface Damages of Electrical Insulation in Factory Joints of High Voltage Submarine Cables

As a key accessory of high-voltage (HV) insulated submarine cable, the factory joints of the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) represent an unpredictable uncertainty in cable-connecting fabrications by means of the extruded molding joint (EMJ) technique. The electrical breakdown pathways formed at the interfaces between recovery insulation and cable body under alternative current 500 kV voltages are specifically investigated by microstructure characterizations in combination with the electric field and fractal simulations. Dielectric-defected cracks in tens of micrometers in insulation interfaces are identified as the strings of voids, which dominate insulation damages. The abnormal arrangements of XLPE lamellae from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imply that the structural micro-cracks will be formed under interface stresses. Electrical-tree inception is expedited to a faster propagation due to the poor dielectric property of interface region, manifesting as 30% lower of tree inception voltage. The longer free-paths for accelerating charge carriers in the cracks of interface region will stimulate partial discharging from needle electrodes. The carbonized discharging micro-channels arising in interface region illustrate that the partial discharging will be triggered by the electrical-trees growing preferentially along the defect cracks and could finally develop into insulation damages. The mechanism of forming cracks in the fusion processes between the molten XLPE of cable body and the molten cross-linkable PE of recovery insulation is elucidated, according to which the crack-caused degradation of insulation performance is expected to be alleviated.
Network-level consequences of outgroup threats in banded mongooses: Grooming and aggression between the sexes.

Animal groups are heterogeneous assemblages of individuals with differing fitness interests, which may lead to internal conflict over investment in group territorial defence. Differences between individuals may lead to different behavioural responses to intergroup conflict, particularly between the sexes. These potential impacts have been little studied. We used social network analysis to investigate the impact of simulated intergroup conflicts on social relationships in groups of wild banded mongooses Mungos mungo, in which intergroup fights are more costly for males than females. We predicted that social cohesion (specifically male-to-male and female-to-male grooming) would increase after conflict, and aggression would decrease, to minimize conflict between the sexes. Simulated intergroup conflicts were performed by exposing banded mongoose groups to scents, 'war cry' playbacks, and live intruders from a rival group. All grooming and aggression interactions between individuals were recorded, and grooming and aggression social networks were created for the 2 days preceding a simulated intergroup conflict (pre-conflict network) and the 2 days after (post-conflict network). We found no evidence of an increase in social cohesion after simulated conflicts, measured as grooming eigenvector centrality. Male-to-male, male-to-female and female-to-male grooming strength decreased after simulated intrusions compared to female-to-female grooming strength. However, male-female aggression decreased in intrusion trials compared to other interaction types, consistent with the hypothesis that intergroup encounters reduce the level of intragroup conflict between males and females. Males were more affected socially by intergroup encounters than females, which may be because they are investing in defence rather than internal relationships. Focusing on individual relationship changes, using social network analysis, can reveal changes in the directionality of behaviour in response to intergroup encounters, and highlight how individual responses to conflict may scale up to affect social networks and, potentially, group performance. This study highlights the importance of studying both group-level behaviours and individual relationships to more fully understand responses to intergroup encounters.
A Mismatch between External Debt Finances and Consumption Cost in Nigeria

This study scrutinizes the influence of external obligation on the cost of living in Nigeria. In recent times, Nigeria has been tagged as the headquarters of world poverty due to the unaffordable cost of living that has resulted in all manner of crimes prevailing in the country. However, the role of foreign loans being contracted by the government in reducing consumption cost has become a concern, hence this investigation. This study made use of a secondary form of statistical records covering the period 2000–2018. The result of the data analysis has shown that external debt does not improve consumption cost, but rather aids the rising cost of living in Nigeria. In a nutshell, the study suggests that the government should invest a large chunk of the borrowed funds into agriculture and local manufacturing for sufficient food supply and provision of goods and services at reasonable costs. This study recommends support for infant industries and entrepreneurship to reduce the consumption cost in the country. The study also encourages the government to seek debt rearrangement or outright revocation by the lending institutions and countries.
DoA Estimation via Unlimited Sensing

Direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation is a mature topic with decades of history. Despite the progress in the field, very few papers have looked at the problem of DoA estimation with unknown dynamic range. Consider the case of space exploration or near-field and far-field emitters. In such settings, the amplitude of the impinging wavefront can be much higher than the maximum recordable range of the sensor, resulting in information loss via clipping or sensor saturation. In this paper, we present a novel sensing approach for DoA estimation that exploits hardware-software co-design and is pivoted around the theme of unlimited sensing. On the hardware front, we capitalize on a radically new breed of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) which, instead of saturating, produce modulo measurements. On the algorithmic front, we develop a mathematically guaranteed DoA estimation technique which is non-iterative and backwards compatible with existing DoA algorithms. Our computer experiments show the efficiency of our approach by estimating DoAs from signals which are orders of magnitude higher than the ADC threshold. Hence, our work paves a new path for inverse problems linked with DoA estimation and at the same time provides guidelines for new hardware development.
Enhancing data collection methods with qualitative projective techniques in the exploration of a university’s brand identity and brand image

This article focuses on assessing the capabilities of projective techniques, in gaining a deeper insight into complex university corporate brands. In particular, we will explore identities and how these might align with brand images in different departments and faculties. There are explicit calls for further research on projective techniques in new contexts in particular, and where and when they are most useful during data collection. Responding to this gap in the literature, this study adopts a two-staged approach to the research design utilizing qualitative projective techniques as a supplement to more traditional methods of data collection. This article provides an updated matrix on how qualitative projective techniques can be better utilized during the planning, research, and analysis stages of research in different contexts. This can be employed to assist inexperienced and experienced individuals with projective techniques during the planning, research, and analysis stages of research into corporate brands.
Dört Mekanum Tekerli Mobil Robot Platformunun Geliştirimesi ve Güvenlik Amacıyla Kullanımı

Gunumuzde yuksek islem gucune sahip islemcilerin artmasi ile robot calismalari hiz kazanmistir. Arastirma konulari arasina robotlarin gundelik islerde kulanilmasi girmistir. Askeri, saglik, hizmet, eglence sektorleri gibi bircok alandaki insan is gucunun yerini robotlarin aldigi gorulmektedir. Guvenlik gorevlilerinin guvenliklerini sagladiklari ortamlarda suc islenmesini onlemek, can mal emniyetini saglamak, suc islemeye karsi caydirici tedbirlerin alinmasi ve olaylara mudahale edilmesi icin belirli periyotlarla devriye gorevi yapilmaktadir. Bu durum olasi bir durumda guvenlik gorevlisinin zarar gormesine neden olmaktadir. Ayrica insan gozu dar bir acida gormektedir. Insanin gorusu, algilamasi pisikolojik ve fizyolojik etkenlere baglidir. Bu calismada guvenlik gorevlilerinin sorumluluk alani icerisinde tur atma gorevini Mekanum tekerli mobil robot platformu ile yapilabilecegi gosterilmektedir. Mekanum tekerlerin cok yonlu hareket kabiliyeti sayesinde robot, ortam icerisinde ve dar alanlarda rahatca hareket etmektedir. Cevrenin algilanmasinda ve robotun engellere carpmamasi icin LIDAR sensor kullanilmistir. Deneysel calismalarda robot E sekline sahip deney ortaminda 5 defa tur atmistir. Her turu ayni noktadan baslatip ayni noktada bitirmistir. Kullanilan donanim ve kinematik yapinin bu problem icin kullanilabilir oldugu gozlemlenmistir.
Systematic Evaluation of the Thermo-magnetic Properties of Nanoparticles Coated with PNIPAM

Recent publications have reported important advances in the development of new smart nano-platforms due to their response when exposed to external physical and chemical changes, leading to a dramatic modification of their properties. These features allow the potential use of these smart materials in the field of therapeutic biomedicine [1, 2]. In this research, a systematic evaluation of the synthesis parameters of a multi-responsive core-shell nanoplatform (Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles coated by a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) matrix) was performed. These nanocomposites allow the possibility of controlling certain properties, such as particle size and morphology. The polymer coating was performed by in-situ free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to obtain a nanocomposite with core-shell structure. In our case, the magnetite NPs were coated with oleic acid to improve their stability and biocompatibility. The ζ-potential of Fe 3 O 4 NPs after the functionalization process is around −33 mV, this coincides with previous works This study reveals that the addition of PNIPAM coating to Fe 3 O 4 NPs induced a dramatic change in ζ-potential. The nanoplatform exhibit values near to the isoelectric point, no precipitation or aggregation was observed even eight weeks after preparation. This result could be due to