Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Where is that Button Again?! - Towards a Universal GUI Search Engine

In feature-rich software a wide range of functionality is spread across various menus, dialog windows, toolbars etc. Remembering where to find each feature is usually very hard, especially if it is not regularly used. We therefore provide a GUI search engine which is universally applicable to a large number of applications. Besides giving an overview of related approaches, we describe three major problems we had to solve, which are analyzing the GUI, understanding the users’ query and executing a suitable solution to find a desired UI element. Based on a user study we evaluated our approach and showed that it is particularly useful if a not regularly used feature is searched for. We already identified much potential for further applications based on our approach.
Spatial Stability of Extracellular Potassium Ion and Blood Flow Distribution in Rat Cerebral Cortex after Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Extracellular potassium ion activity ([K+]o) increases precipitously during brain ischemia when blood flow falls below threshold values less than approximately 15 mL/100 g/min. This flow threshold for increase of [K+]o occurs also in focal ischemia producing gradient from ischemic core to adjacent normally perfused brain. In this study we investigated the spatial and temporal stability of extracellular potassium ion and blood flow gradients after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. [K+]o and regional CBF were measured, respectively, with K+-sensitive and polarographic hydrogen-sensitive microelectrodes at different cortical locations in the middle cerebral artery distribution region. Spatial assessment of [K+]o and regional CBF was conducted at 30, 90, and 180 minutes after MCAO. [K+]o in the more lateral cortex (core) increased from near 3 mmol/L before MCAO to greater than 50 mmol/L and was associated with flow values less than 25% of pre-ischemic levels. Measurements medial to the core (penumbra) indicated progressively decreasing levels of [K+]o and improvement of CBF. There was a tendency for [K+]o in penumbral zones to decrease toward normal levels with time, but there was little dissipation of [K+]o in core regions. In contrast, the spatial CBF profile remained remarkably constant for the entire recording period. Thus, unlike infarction which has been reported to expand with time after focal ischemia, the spatial [K+]o disturbance tends to contract primarily due to decreasing [K+]o with time in the penumbra. Thus, steady state levels of [K+]o after focal ischemia may not be a valuable predictor of cell viability.
Guiding property development with SAT-based coverage calculation

Although the established model checking workflow is widely accepted there are only few “completeness statements” available for a set of properties in relation to its model. So we extend NuSMV with a CNF-based coverage measure and further improve it with successful SAT-heuristics to provide the engineer with such a completeness statement and to guide the property development process. We also experimentally demonstrate the advantages and direct applicability of our approach.
Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Lyme Neuroborreliosis

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the humoral immune responses in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for 34 adult patients with clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis, 27 patients with clinically suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis, and 32 patients with tick-borne encephalitis. Additionally, we wanted to compare the findings of two methods for the detection of intrathecally synthesized borrelial antibodies: the IDEIA Lyme neuroborreliosis test using flagellar antigen and an approach based on the Liaison indirect chemiluminescence immunoassay using the OspC and VlsE antigens. Borrelial IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by at least one of these methods in the sera of 22/34 (64.7%) and 28/34 (82.4%) patients with clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis, respectively, and in the cerebrospinal fluid of 22/34 (64.7%) and 20/34 (58.8%) of these patients, respectively. Intrathecal synthesis of borrelial IgM and/or IgG was found in 19/34 (55.9%) patients: IgM in 17/34 (50%) patients and IgG in 15/34 (44.1%) patients. The relatively low proportion of intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies and the high ratio of IgM positivity could be explained by the short duration of neurological disease as evidenced by reported symptoms (median, 10 days). Assessment of the humoral immune response in the sera and CSF of patients with early Lyme neuroborreliosis confirmed previous findings on the relationship between the duration of illness and the proportion of patients with detectable responses.
Donor Factors Predicting Recipient Survival After Liver Retransplantation: The Retransplant Donor Risk Index

The use of extended criteria liver donors (ECD) is controversial, especially in the setting of retransplantation. The aims of this study are to investigate the effects of ECD grafts on retransplantation and to develop a predictive mortality index in liver retransplantation based on the previously established donor risk index. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) liver transplant dataset was analyzed for all adult, non‐status 1, liver retransplantations occurring in the United States since February 2002. All donors were categorized for multiple characteristics of ECD, and using multivariate survival models a retransplant donor risk index (ReTxDRI) was developed. A total of 1327 retransplants were analyzed. There were 611 (46%) recipients who received livers with at least one ECD criterion. The use of ECD grafts in recipients with HCV did not incur worse survival than the non‐ECD grafts. The addition of the cause of recipient graft failure to the donor risk index formed the ReTxDRI. After adjusting for multiple recipient factors, the ReTxDRI was predictive of overall recipient survival and was a strongly independent predictor of death after retransplantation (HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.89–3.27, p < 0.0001). The use of the ReTxDRI can improve recipient and donor matching and help to optimize posttransplant survival in liver retransplantation.
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction in peptidylarginine deiminase 2 knockout mice

During the development of multiple sclerosis the destruction of the myelin sheath surrounding the neurites is accompanied by citrullination of several central nervous system (CNS) proteins, including myelin basic protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease induced in animals by immunization with proteins or peptides from the CNS, the animals develop symptoms similar to multiple sclerosis (MS). The increased levels of citrullinated CNS proteins associated with MS are also observed during the development of EAE. To study the role of CNS protein citrullination in EAE development, we induced EAE with a peptide derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35–55) in mice lacking the peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) protein, because this enzyme was the most likely candidate to be involved in catalyzing CNS protein citrullination in the diseased state. Even though the PAD2 knockout mice displayed a dramatic reduction in the amount of citrullination present in the CNS, indicating that PAD2 is indeed responsible for the majority of detectable citrullination observed in EAE, the development of EAE was not impaired by genetic deletion of PAD2, suggesting that PAD2 catalyzed citrullination is not essential to the development of EAE. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:217–226, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mucosal immunization with caseinolytic protease X elicited cross-protective immunity against pneumococcal infection in mice

Streptococcus pneumoniae resides on the mucosal surface of the upper respiratory tract and is ready to spread and trigger clinical diseases. Hence the vaccine that can eliminate the nasopharyngeal colonization was thought to be an ideal protective strategy against pneumococcal invasive diseases. Caseinolytic protease X (ClpX), a pneumococcal caseinolytic protease ATPase subunit, was shown to be a non-transmembrane protein by bioinformatics analysis. Consistent with the in silico prediction, the secretory expression of ClpX, instead of surface exposure, was further confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot. Furthermore, ClpX was highly conserved in nine different serotypes of S. pneumoniae at both gene and protein concentrations. In addition, the anti-ClpX IgG antibody levels in human serum samples were much higher in healthy children, compared with pediatric patients, and displayed an age-related increase. Finally, ClpX protein antigen was introduced to BALB/c mice through a mucosal route, and protection against nasopharyngeal colonization and lethal infection caused by different S. pneumoniae serotypes was successfully elicited. Our findings suggest that ClpX is a potential candidate antigen that could be incorporated in pneumococcal protein vaccines.
Performance measurements of jet pumps with multiple holes

Introduction In order to cancel Gedeon streaming in traveling wave thermoacoustic devices, a jet pump can be used [2, 3]. Due to its asymmetric shape an asymmetry in the minor losses during each acoustic cycle occurs that yields a time-averaged pressure drop across the jet pump. By balancing the time-averaged pressure drop across the jet pump with that which exists across the regenerator of a thermoacoustic device, Gedeon streaming can be suppressed. The current state of the art in jet pump design methodology is based on a quasi-steady approximation [2]. In a recent numerical study we have shown that the applicability of this approximation is limited [4]. Currently, the previous numerical work is extended to the experimental domain to investigate the influence of three-dimensional geometry variations. By “splitting” a jet pump with a single hole into a geometry with multiple parallel holes, the size of the jet pump can be reduced while maintaining the taper angle and the total cross-sectional area. Reducing the size of the jet pump will aid in the design of compact thermoacoustic engines.
Toward a Taxonomy of Dark Personalities

The term dark personalities refers to a set of socially aversive traits in the subclinical range. Not extreme enough to invite clinical or forensic attention, they can get along (even flourish) in everyday work settings, scholastic settings, and the broader community. Along with my research group, I have studied a constellation of these personalities—Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and everyday sadism—under the label “Dark Tetrad. ” We have argued that, because of their overlap, these four traits should be studied in concert. Recently developed inventories now facilitate identification of the unique contributions of each trait. The present review highlights key advances and controversies emerging from work on these malevolent, yet fascinating, characters.
Preferences in the use of social media for seeking and communicating health and lifestyle information

Introduction. The paper presents findings from a study investigating the health and lifestyle information behaviour of different groups of Icelanders. The paper focuses on the use of social media and its role in current information behaviour. Method. Quantitative methods were used. Two random samples were used in the study and the data were gathered using an internet and a telephone survey. Each sample consisted of 600 people from across the country, aged 18 years and older. Measurements included questions about the participants' sociodemographic background, their purposive information seeking, as well as seven questions about their use of social media. Analysis. The relationship between the socio-demographic variables and questions about the use of social media was analysed by chi-squared, and the scale social media. Cluster analysis was used to draw participants in four clusters: spasmodic, contemporary, conventional and enthusiastic. Evaluation of social media use was examined by analysis of variance. Binary logistic regression, controlling for background variables, was used to analyse the relationship between the cluster and the variable social media. Results. Participants in all groups were likely to use social media to read articles about health and lifestyle, and unlikely to post information or make comments about information from others. Women were more likely to employ social media than men and those who belong to the younger age groups were more likely to have used social media than those in the older age groups. The conventional and the spasmodic clusters seek information on the Internet and use social media infrequently, while the contemporary and the enthusiastic clusters do so more often. Conclusions. Participants in all groups preferred to use social media to read articles about health issues. This creates opportunities for health professionals to employ social media to strategically disseminate quality information and advocate healthy living. Social media is an important part of the information environment of the contemporary and the enthusiastic clusters while the spasmodic and conventional clusters use social media infrequently.
DiffEq: A MATLAB-Based Discrete-Time System Simulator [Testing Ourselves]

A MATLAB-based discrete-time system simulator (DiffEq) is introduced. This tool investigates linear constant-coefficient difference equations, which represent linear time-invariant finite-dimensional discrete-time systems. Closed-form analytical solutions can be expressed as a superposition of homogeneous and particular solutions, and this distinction gives valuable insights into the transient and steady-state behavior of the system. The transfer function, impulse response, characteristic roots, and simulation diagram of the system are obtained for different input types and initial conditions.
Different molecular events result in low protein levels of mannan-binding lectin in populations from southeast Africa and South America.

Previous studies have shown that three point mutations in exon 1 and a particular promoter haplotype of the mannan-binding lectin (MBL) gene lead to a dramatic decrease in the serum concentration of MBL. In this study, MBL genotypes and serum concentrations were determined in unrelated individuals in a population from Mozambique (n = 154) and in two native Indian tribes from Argentina (i.e., the Chiriguanos (n = 43) and the Mapuches (n = 25)). In both populations, the MBL concentrations were low compared with those found in Eskimo, Asian, and European populations. In Africans, the low serum concentrations were due to a high allele frequency (0.24) of the codon 57 (C) variant, which resulted in a high frequency of individuals with MBL deficiency (0.06), and were also due to the effect of a relatively high frequency (0.13) of low-producing promoter haplotypes. The low concentrations in the South American populations were primarily due to an extremely high allele frequency of the codon 54 (B) variant in both the Chiriguanos (0.42) and the Mapuches (0.46), resulting in high frequencies of individuals with MBL deficiency (0.14 and 0.16, respectively). In the search for additional genetic variants, we found five new promoter mutations that might help to elucidate the evolution of the MBL gene. Taken together, the results of this study show that different molecular mechanisms are the basis for low MBL levels on the two continents.
Acute metal stress in Populus tremula×P. alba (717‐1B4 genotype): Leaf and cambial proteome changes induced by cadmium2+

The comprehension of metal homeostasis in plants requires the identification of molecular markers linked to stress tolerance. Proteomic changes in leaves and cambial zone of Populus tremula×P. alba (717‐1B4 genotype) were analyzed after 61 days of exposure to cadmium (Cd) 360 mg/kg soil dry weight in pot‐soil cultures. The treatment led to an acute Cd stress with a reduction of growth and photosynthesis. Cd stress induced changes in the display of 120 spots for leaf tissue and 153 spots for the cambial zone. It involved a reduced photosynthesis, resulting in a profound reorganisation of carbon and carbohydrate metabolisms in both tissues. Cambial cells underwent stress from the Cd actually present inside the tissue but also a deprivation of photosynthates caused by leaf stress. An important tissue specificity of the response was observed, according to the differences in cell structures and functions.
SATELLITE BASED DATA COMMUNICATION: A SURVEY

Satellite communication is well known in providing best services where broadcasting is essential, where terrain is hostile and very sparsely populated. It also has niche where rapid deployment is very critical and important. In Global Network Infrastructure satellite is considered as an inseparable component of the communication infrastructure. A variety of research work has been explored and published for satellite based data communication & networking. It is utmost important to conduct a survey on different aspects and research issues of satellite based communication with a focus on the latest development. In this paper, we summarize, compare & comments on the approaches proposed for the satellite based data communication with keeping in view the parameters like Quality of service, Interplanetary Internet, Mobility management, explicit load balancing and packet reordering issue.
Low Prevalence of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Adults at a University Hospital in the Central United States

ABSTRACT Community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) is potentially a new emerging pathogen with most strains susceptible to many antimicrobials except for β-lactam antibiotics. We retrospectively reviewed MRSA isolates during a 20-month study period (January 1998 through August 1999) and investigated those that were clindamycin susceptible. Patients were not considered to harbor CA-MRSA if they had been admitted to a hospital within the preceding 2 years or if their isolate had been obtained more than 72 h after admission. There were 2,817 S. aureusisolates, with 1,071 (38%) being MRSA. Of these 1,071 isolates, 161 were clindamycin susceptible; these were recovered from 81 patients. Of these 81 patients, 20 appeared to have community-acquired strains, but only 2 could be confirmed as having CA-MRSA.
Realization of face recognition system based on Gabor wavelet and elastic bunch graph matching

This paper studies the face recognition system based on the Gabor wavelet and elastic bunch graph matching, and gives the realization method of the system. In this system, a face is expressed by a set of feature points, each of these feature point can be described as a Gabor Jet. For the training images, feature points can be located manually, and then get Gabor. For the sample face image, the corresponding feature points are searched automatically, which coarse positions are located by the training face structure knowledge, and then we use elastic bunch graph to adjust the accurate positions. At last Gabor Jets are obtained from the sample face images. The similar degree of the sample images is expressed by the related measure function of Gabor jets. The experiments show that the face recognition system tested on the face FERET database is efficiency.
Mice deficient in stem cell antigen‐1 (Sca1, Ly‐6A/E) develop normal primary and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell responses to virus infection

Stem cell antigen‐1 (Sca1, Ly‐6A/E) is a well‐established marker of murine hematopoietic stem cells, and also is expressed on memory T cells. It has been suggested that the functional maintenance of T‐cell memory requires the expression of Sca1 on a specialized population of memory T cells termed “memory stem cells”. Here, we evaluate the requirement for Sca1 in the primary T‐cell response to virus infection, and in the establishment and maintenance of T‐cell memory. We find that Sca1 expression increases on almost all CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during virus infection, and remains high on virus‐specific memory cells. However, Sca1‐deficient (Sca1KO) mice generate normal primary T‐cell responses to infection; the kinetics, the immunodominance hierarchy, and the absolute numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are essentially indistinguishable from those observed in WT mice. Furthermore, by several criteria, primary and memory T cells in Sca1‐deficient mice are phenotypically and functionally normal. These data indicate that Sca1, although perhaps a useful marker of virus‐specific memory T cells, is not required for the regulation of T‐cell quantity or quality, or for the development of a competent pool of memory cells.
Genetic vaccination strategies for enhanced cellular, humoral and mucosal immunity

Summary: In this article, we describe several novel genetic vaccination strategies designed to facilitate the development of different types of immune responses. These include: the consecutive use of DNA and fowlpoxvirus vectors in “prime‐boost” strategies which induce greatly enhanced and sustained levels of both cell‐mediated immunity and humoral immunity, including mucosal responses; ii) the co‐expression of genes encoding cytokines and cell‐surface receptors, and the use of immunogenic carrier molecules, for immune modulation and/or Improved targeting of vector‐expressed vaccine antigens; acid iii) the expression of minimal immunogenic arnino acid sequences, particularly cytotoxic CD8+ T‐cell determinants, in “polytope” vector vaccines. The capacity to modulate and enhance specific immune responses by the use of approaches such as these may underpin the development of vaccines against diseases for which no effective strategies are currently available.
Graphene-based tag antenna for universal UHF-RFID system using modified single loop-matching techniques

This paper describes a design of a UHF-RFID tag built by a graphene, designing with NXP G2XL IC chip. The tag can operate covering the UHF-RFID universal standard in accordance with the EPC global Class 1 Gen. 2 standard. The presented antenna is compact, easy to read and responsive. These articles focus on a design and developing of a compact universal passive tag antenna in order to operate entire UHF-RFID band of 860–960 MHz. The proposed tag antenna has the total dimension of 14 mm × 84 mm designed on PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) substrate with a thickness of 1 mm. The radiation pattern of tag antenna is omni-directional with linear polarization. The simulation of the maximum read range is 5.2 m considering at 900 MHz.