Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the predictability of chemical kinetics for the description of the combustion of simple fuels

This work presents a systematic comparison between several detailed chemical kinetic models recently developed and available experimental data. The aim is to assess the predictive capabilities of the combustion with air of the following fuels: hydrogen, methane, ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas, in a large range of equivalence ratio. The prevailing thermodynamical conditions range from ambient to the more stringent ones, such as high pressure combustion. In order to assess the predictive performance of the twelve chosen chemical kinetics models, the results of numerical simulations are compared with existing experimental data of the combustion process in two simplified physical systems: the perfectly stirred reactor and the freely propagating premixed laminar flame. When ambient conditions are considered, the comparisons reveal a good agreement among most of detailed kinetic mechanisms, on the prediction of thermochemical properties of practical interest with respect to the corresponding experimental data only, as far as lighter fuels such as hydrogen, methane and ethanol are considered. The chosen mechanisms are shown to meet with di ﬃculties when mixtures of liquefied petroleum gas and air are considered, even in ambient conditions. The obtained results highlight the necessity for (i) updating the existing mechanisms with the use of recent experimental results and (ii) the development of new comprehensive models. Keywords: detailed kinetic mechanisms, hydrogen, natural gas, ethanol, liquefied petroleum gas
Impact of flock segregation according to the Maedi-Visna status on reproduction and lamb rearing – a field study in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

The chronic infection with the Maedi-Visna virus, a small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) poses a substantial risk for herd health in sheep. A representative SRLV screening in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in 2009 revealed an average serological prevalence of 51.2% of herds and an average prevalence of 28,8 % within infected herds. Based on these results the effect of the infection on selected herd parameters was investigated through segregation of Maedi-Visna positive and negative individuals at a study farm involving a total of 249 ewes. The results of our field study illustrate the serious impact of SRLV infection on the age of ewes in general and number of pregnancies in particular, on lamb rearing as well as lamb weight development post partum. Against the backdrop of a high SRLV prevalence level in the country‘s sheep flocks, farmers are called upon to adhere to the state guidelines for the voluntary Maedi-Visna scheme. In this context it is necessary to emphasize the need to revise animal health legislation with regards to MaediVisna in sheep as well as Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis in goats, which is currently at the expense of sheep farms already participating in SRLV screening programs.
Recommendations for Vitamins and Trace Minerals for Dairy Cows

• The NRC (2001) requirements for most trace minerals and vitamins appear adequate, but modest safety factors (~1.2 to 1.5 X NRC) should be used to reduce risk. • The trace minerals contained in basal ingredients, including forages, have some degree of availability and concentrations should not be set to 0. • NRC (2001) requirements for Co and Mn are too low and concentrations need to be increased substantially. • Be wary of long term overfeeding of Cu. Health issues may develop at dietary concentrations as low as 20 ppm when fed over long periods. • Supplying vitamin E in excess of NRC (2001) requirement to peripartum cows provides health benefits. • Supplying vitamin D in excess of NRC (2001) to cows with limited sun exposure may be needed to maintain adequate vitamin D status relative to general health.
A metric for predicting binaural speech intelligibility in stationary noise and competing speech maskersa )

U SIR is a digi t al collec tion of t h e r e s e a r c h ou t p u t of t h e U nive r si ty of S alford. Whe r e copyrigh t p e r mi t s, full t ex t m a t e ri al h eld in t h e r e posi to ry is m a d e fre ely availabl e online a n d c a n b e r e a d , dow nloa d e d a n d copied for no nco m m e rcial p riva t e s t u dy o r r e s e a r c h p u r pos e s . Ple a s e c h e ck t h e m a n u sc rip t for a ny fu r t h e r copyrig h t r e s t ric tions.
Emerging Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks ( EUSPN 2017 ) A Mutlimodal Approach to Measure the Levels Distraction of Pedestrians using Mobile Sensing

The emergence of smart phones has had a positive impact on society as the range of features and automation has allowed people to become more productive while they are on the move. On the contrary, the use of these devices has also become a distraction and hindrance, especially for pedestrians who use their phones whilst walking on the streets. This is reinforced by the fact that pedestrian injuries due to the use of mobile phones has now exceeded mobile phone related driver injuries. This paper describes an approach that measures the different levels of distraction encountered by pedestrians whilst they are walking. To distinguish between the distractions within the brain the proposed work analyses data collected from mobile sensors (accelerometers for movement, mobile EEG for electroencephalogram signals from the brain). The long-term motivation of the proposed work is to provide pedestrians with notifications as they approach potential hazards while they walk on the street conducting multiple tasks such as using a smart phone. c © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
THE DETERMINANTS AND DECISION USEFULNESS OF IFRS 8 ON SEGMENT DISCLOSURES

The paper examined the determinants and decision usefulness of segment disclosures under SAS 24 and /FRS 8. The sampling population include 15 listed banks in the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2010 and 2013 and survey of 126 chartered accountants in Benin Edo State. The findings suggest that there was a 10% increase in the segment disclosures after ! FRS 8 adoption. The paired t-test reveals a significant difference in the pre and post ! FRS 8 on operating segment disclosure practices of Nigerian bank. Therefore the findings indicate that Nigerian banks provided more disaggregated segmental information. Moreover. whereas profitability and growth rate of sales have significant positive relationship with segment disclosures. the company 's size and age have negative relationship with the segment disclosures. Again. most of the respondents agreed that ! FRS 8 was more decision useful than the SAS 24. Therefore, the paper recommends the need for the regulatory authorities to compel Nigerian banks and other companies to segment information relating to the operations
Diurnal Variation of Visual Short-term Memory

Short-term memory is an extensively researched topic in cognitive psychology, which has shown the impact of different covariates such as age, gender and time of the day, among others. However, the relation of different covariates have not been studied together, nor are there many studies conducted in which all or most of these confounding factors have been catered for. The current study was conducted to find out whether a definite pattern for the diurnal variation of visual short-term memory exists, if there are any gender based differences in these patterns, and whether the pattern of subjective alertness varies in an inverse relation to the pattern of visual short-term memory. Thirty one first-year undergraduate medical students, between the ages of 17 and 20, were recruited for this purpose. Three memory tests (Digit span test, Picture span test and Corsi block test) were administered to assess their visual short-term memory span, while the subjective alertness was measured using the Stanford Sleepiness scale, at four timings of the day (0830, 1030, 1230, and 1430 hours). The scores of the memory tests revealed a distinct variation pattern of visual short-term memory in both genders. In males, the memory span initially decreased from 0830 to 1030 hours, and then kept on increasing till 1430 hours. In females, on the other hand, the pattern was the same (as in males) up till 1230 hours, but then memory span underwent decay. This pattern, however, turned out to be insignificant. A significant inverse relation was found between visual short-term memory span and the subjective alertness. We propose that a distinct pattern for diurnal variation of visual short-term memory might exist for both genders, but further studies using larger samples should be carried out to confirm this.
Towards Identifying Drug Side Effects from Social Media Using Active Learning andCrowd Sourcing

MOTIVATION Social media is a largely untapped source of information on side effects of drugs. Twitter in particular is widely used to report on everyday events and personal ailments. However, labeling this noisy data is a difficult problem because labeled training data is sparse and automatic labeling is error-prone. Crowd sourcing can help in such a scenario to obtain more reliable labels, but is expensive in comparison because workers have to be paid. To remedy this, semi-supervised active learning may reduce the number of labeled data needed and focus the manual labeling process on important information. RESULTS We extracted data from Twitter using the public API. We subsequently use Amazon Mechanical Turk in combination with a state-of-the-art semi-supervised active learning method to label tweets with their associated drugs and side effects in two stages. Our results show that our method is an effective way of discovering side effects in tweets with an improvement from 53% F-measure to 67% F-measure as compared to a one stage work flow. Additionally, we show the effectiveness of the active learning scheme in reducing the labeling cost in comparison to a non-active baseline. AVAILABILITY Code and data will be published on https://github.com/kramerlab.
HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH AND CCN ACTIVITY OF AEROSOL PARTICLES DURING THE 3 PALLAS CLOUD EXPERIMENT

An aerosol particle's response to a change in humidity is a function of its size and chemical composition. Soluble particles take on water and grow with increasing humidity, while particles composed of hydrophobic material do not. Aerosol particles become climatically important if they are able to grow to sizes of 50 nm and larger. Particles in this size range can act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and therefore may contribute to the indirect aerosol effect, a series of proposed impacts that include increased cloud albedo due to increases in cloud droplet concentrations (Twomey, 1991). Once particles grow to a size where they can become CCN, their ability to activate into cloud droplets depends on their chemical composition, particle number concentration, and the water supersaturation of the surrounding air parcel. Because both aerosols and clouds have a substantial influence on the climate, the fundamental purpose in looking at aerosol-cloud interactions is to find a relation between the activating aerosol particle and the resulting cloud droplet population.
POSE CONTROL IN MOBILE ROBOTS

For some special configurations of the mobile robot and its workspace, it is fairly easy to control the mobile robot pose, but when confronting to complex structures the problem is much harder to solve in a general way. This paper proposes some guidelines in the process of pose control, showing the problems that may occur while implementing real mobile robots and the classic solutions for such problems. A minimalistic approach is used as a way to get good modularized design of mobile robots, including pose control capabilities and thus pose measurement. Keywords— mobile robot, robot navigation, pose measurement.
GLUTAMINE AMIDOHYDROLASE FROM PENICILLIUM POLITANS NRC 510

Glutamine deamidating enzyme from Penicillium politans NRC510 catalyzed deamidation of glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia. The enzyme was partially purified by a simple method of heating and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. This procedure yields the partially purified enzyme with a 25% recovery of the activity in crude extracts. Specific activity of this partially purified enzyme is 133 U/mg. The partially purified enzyme hydrolyzes L-glutamine, D-glutamine L-asparagine and D-asparagine, while it cannot hydrolyze the other amide such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide and acetamide under the same experimental conditions. The purified enzyme showed the maximal activity against L-glutamine at pH 7.5-8.5 and 60°C. The enzyme has a high salt tolerance, that shows high activity (75% of the original activity) in the presence of 15-30% NaCl. Exposure of the partially purified enzyme to 60°C for 30 min in the absence of the substrate, has no effect on its activity. While it was inhibited to a variable extent by addition of some substances such as HgCl 2 , NaF, CaCl 2 , BaCl 2 and CuSO 4 but was not affected by 2-merceptoethanol and iodoacetate. Product inhibition was recorded by addition of glutamic acid or NH, to the reaction mixture. Glutamic acid inhibition was a competitive type and the k m and the k i values were found to be 7.5 and 39.0 mol/L, respectively.
Vision-Based Online Localization and Trajectory Smoothing for Fixed-Wing UAV Tracking a Moving Target

Using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to estimate and predict the position and motion of the ground target has been widely focused on in many computer vision tasks. This work aims to address the development of a vision-based ground target localization and estimation for a fixed-wing UAV. Limited by the lightweight onboard processor, it is conflicting with the need for online onboard operation and the computing resource limitation of the platform. In this paper, we develop a practical approach to recover dynamic targets based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) for localization and locally weighted regression for trajectory smoothing. Our methods run online in real time with the only data up to the current timestep. The flight experiment results show the effective tracking and localization of the ground moving target.
Performance modelling and analysis for vehicle‐to‐anything connectivity in representative high‐interference channels

All too often, the performance of vehicular communications is benchmarked merely for a single link. A major challenge for benchmarking the performance of multiple interacting vehicles is the definition of repeatable vehicular scenarios. In this study, the authors propose and discuss an approach for performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11p standard in urban interference channels, by linking network simulations to a Software Defined Radio (SDR) setup. This approach provides communication performance measurements in the worst-case interference scenario caused by an urban traffic jam. They do this by starting out with vehicular traffic flow simulations and continue to model the medium access. They furthermore introduce an algorithm to reduce the complexity of the communication network while retaining its properties. Finally, they use a setup of SDR encompassing the communication nodes and channel emulators that emulate urban channels to measure the packet level performance as a function of signal-to-interference ratio and distance to a receiver under urban traffic conditions.
Ontology Learning and Population: Bridging the Gap between Text and Knowledge - Volume 167 Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications

The promise of the Semantic Web is that future web pages will be annotated not only with bright colors and fancy fonts as they are now, but with annotation extracted from large domain ontologies that specify, to a computer in a way that it can exploit, what information is contained on the given web page. The presence of this information will allow software agents to examine pages and to make decisions about content as humans are able to do now. The classic method of building an ontology is to gather a committee of experts in the domain to be modeled by the ontology, and to have this committee agree on which concepts cover the domain, on which terms describe which concepts, on what relations exist between each concept and what the possible attributes of each concept are. All ontology learning systems begin with an ontology structure, which may just be an empty logical structure, and a collection of texts in the domain to be modeled. An ontology learning system can be seen as an interplay between three things: an existing ontology, a collection of texts, and lexical syntactic patterns. The Semantic Web will only be a reality if we can create structured, unambiguous ontologies that model domain knowledge that computers can handle. The creation of vast arrays of such ontologies, to be used to mark-up web pages for the Semantic Web, can only be accomplished by computer tools that can extract and build large parts of these ontologies automatically. This book provides the state-of-art of many automatic extraction and modeling techniques for ontology building. The maturation of these techniques will lead to the creation of the Semantic Web.IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences
Methods for estimating greenhouse gases from local places

Abstract This paper reports on two efforts to develop methods for quantifying and analysing greenhouse gas emissions from local places. The International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives‐Cities for Climate Protection (ICLEI‐CCP) campaign and the Association of American Geographers‐Global Change in Local Places (AAG‐GCLP) project represent independent efforts with differing origins and objectives. There is a rich and dynamic fine structure to the causal patterns that determine the level of greenhouse gas emissions in the society. This fine structure is essentially opaque to national and state‐level inventories and analyses, and yet understanding it is necessary to understanding how human communities can be organised and human enterprise structured in environmentally sustainable ways. Simplified inventory methods that account for most but not all emissions, use readily available local data and, most important, inform efforts at emission reduction are currently available for cities and could be ma.
The assessment of Relationship the Institutional Ownership on Aggregate Operating Accruals and Aggregate Non-operating Accruals Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange

The institutional ownership has been as one of the main and important element of capital mark during the recent decades. As the institution has done the large volume of the capital, this study ass the assessment of relationship the institutional ownership on Operating accruals and Non-operating accruals listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The hypotheses of this study are according to Basso's conservatism theory (1997) and Lara and his colleagues model (2007). By using data of financial bills and the stock prices of 46 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1390 to 1391 and by using the analysis way and line regression of some variables, the results show that the ownership of the companies has no meaningful effected on the Operating accruals and Non-operating accruals.
A Comparison Between Different Menus: Disorientation When Browsing on WWW

This study investigated disorientation resulted from the visualization of tree-structured menu types in websites. When users searched specific products on a commercial website, they can easily get access to the information through tree-structured menus provided by the websites. However, there is a possible problem that users may get confused with the visualization types of tree-structured menus. Every connection between different hierarchies appeared explicitly may be more rigid than implicitly. Therefore, the present study examined the hypothesis by an experiment of two kinds of visualization types of tree-structured menus showed on a website. At the same time, investigation of the usability of different kinds of menus with the use of questionnaires considering the visual momentum was also administered. For lostness rate, the experiment result showed that there was no significant difference between the two menu structures. After analyzing the questionnaire data, there existed a significant difference in perceived disorientation. We observed a phenomenon that even the subjects followed the instructions and stayed in the correct route, sometimes they didn’t know where they were located. Under such circumstance, perceived disorientation should be a better index to measure the actual disorientation behavior.
VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION BETWEEN BASIC QUALITY PARAMETERS OF RAW COW MILK

In this paper the results of the analysis of the milk somatic cell count are presented, as well as correlation between the somatic cell count and content of certain chemical parameters in milk (milk proteins, fat, lactose and dry matter without fat) determined in collective samples of milk obtained from cows reared in intensive rearing system, during two production years. The research was carried out by control of collective milk samples from cows reared on family holdings. Somatic cell count, as well as the chemical quality of milk, were controlled daily in the laboratory for raw milk in dairy plant AD “Mlekara“ - Subotica using the apparatus CombiFoss 6200 FC. In this investigation, statistically significant correlation (P<0,001) between all observed milk parameters was determined. Positive, weak and statistically highly significant correlation between the content of milk fat and proteins in milk and somatic cell count was established. It was also established that the variability of chemical parameters of milk and somatic cell count is also under the influence of different factors, such as: month of control, year of the research and farm.
Education, Poverty and the Trap of Poor Countries in the Face of Development.

This article aims to identify the level of incidence of social and economic variables on education, considering the existence of a cumulative circular causation, in order to point out public policy recommendations to improve people's well-being and thus increase Indicators of development, especially in educational matters. An econometric analysis integrates available information from 128 countries between the period 2010-2015. The results show different effects on the level of incidence of social and economic variables between rich and poor countries.
Predictors of in-stent restenosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Objectives: Clinical, angiographic, and biochemical factors associated with in-stent restenosis were retrospectively analyzed in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Materials and methods: Patients who had undergone follow-up angiography for de novo lesions six months after bare metal stent (BMS) and nine months after drug eluting stent (DES) implantation were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, angiographic, and clinical parameters were collected from our patient database: In-stent restenosis (ISR) was defined as >50% narrowing of stent lumen or coronary artery 5 mm adjacent to stent edges. Retrospectively 319 patients with a mean age of 57.6 years were included in this study. Results: In-stent restenosis occurred in 26.6% of the patients with drug-eluting stent and 36.5% of the patients with bare-metal stent implanted. Tobacco use was significantly more frequent among patients with in-stent restenosis. Conclusion: In-stent restenosis rates in our study is consistent with the literature. Studies are ongoing to overcome this challenging problem.