Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
English to Bodo Machine Transliteration System for Statistical Machine Translation

Machine translation and transliteration are both the challenging research tasks and applications in the field of Computational Linguistics (CL) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) nowadays. Machine Transliteration (MTn) is a technique to convert script of a text from a source natural language to a target natural language using computer without changing the pronunciation of the source text. On the other hand, Machine Translation (MT) is a technique to translate text from a source natural language to a target natural language using computer. MTn is a highly helpful technique for handling OOV (Out-Of-Vocabulary) words in MT system, especially in statistical and neural machine translation systems. Bodo is a recognized language of India and one of the major spoken languages of North-East India. Still, not much work has been done on MTn system as well as MT system for Bodo language. Therefore, it has been decided to develop English to Bodo machine transliteration and translation systems. The primary objective of this proposed research work is to develop English to Bodo machine transliteration system for enhancing the translation result of English to Bodo Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) system. The MTn system has been developed using hybrid approach with the help of multi-domain English-Bodo parallel words or terms. The accuracy of the translation result of the SMT system has been evaluated using automatic evaluation technique BLEU.
Effect of Iron on Physicochemical Changes of Sawai ( Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ) Pastes During Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles

Effects of different iron concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm) on the lipid oxidation, color and protein changes of Sawai (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) pastes subjected to multiple freeze-thaw cycles, were investigated. TBARS value of all samples increased as the number of freeze-thaw cycle increased (P<0.05). The increase in TBARS values of Sawai pastes induced by iron was in a dose dependent manner. Increasing in lipid oxidation of the samples containing iron was concomitant with the increase in b*-value (yellowness). The changes in protein oxidations and protein solubility were more pronounced when freeze-thaw cycles increased. However, iron at all concentrations showed negligible effects on those changes. Decreasing in Ca2+ATPase activity of fish natural actomyosin was found in all samples with increasing freeze-thawing process. SDS-PAGE showed that proteins with high MW were observed in the sample with added iron. Therefore, iron induced the yellow discoloration in Sawai muscle, associated with lipid oxidation, particularly with multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Effect of a biodegradable natural polymer on the properties of hardened lime-based mortars

As an environmentally friendly and energy-saving alternative to cement-based materials and to some chemically obtained water-reducers, a commercialized starch was incorporated into aerial lime-based matrix. Five different dosages were tested in order to study the influence that the amount of additive exerted on the properties of the material. Density, shrinkage, water absorption through capillarity, water vapour permeability, mechanical strengths, porosity, pore size distribution, and durability in the face of freezing-thawing cycles were studied in the polymer modified mortars. The tested starch acted as a thickener for dosages up to 0.30%, and changed its behaviour for the largest dosage (0.50%): in that case it behaved as a plasticizer, dispersing the lime through the fresh mass and generating a more workable material. As a result, the matrix of the hardened mortar presented great coherence, owing to its large density and low porosity, characteristics which led to lower capillarity and permeability absorptions, better mechanical properties and improved durability. Resumen Se estudió un almidón comercial incorporado a morteros de cal aérea. Este aditivo supone una alternativa, medioambientalmente más respetuosa y con menor costo energético, tanto a los materiales con base cemento como a algunos reductores de agua obtenidos por vía química. Se ensayaron cinco dosificaciones diferentes con el fin de analizar la influencia que la cantidad de aditivo tuvo sobre las propiedades del material. En los morteros modificados por la acción del polímero se determinaron densidad, retracción, absorción de agua por capilaridad, permeabilidad al vapor de agua, resistencias mecánicas, porosidad, distribución de tamaños de poro y durabilidad frente a ciclos de hielo-deshielo. El almidón utilizado actuó como espesante hasta la dosis de 0,30%, pero cambió su acción cuando se añadió en la dosis más alta (0,50%): en este último caso, se comportó como un plastificante, dispersando la cal a través de la mezcla en fresco, dando lugar a un material más trabajable. Como resultado, en la dosis 0,50%, la matriz del mortero endurecido presentó gran coherencia, debido a su mayor densidad y menor porosidad, características ambas que implicaron una menor capilaridad y permeabilidad, mejores resistencias mecánicas y una mejora en la durabilidad.
Development of a Two-Dimensional CFD Code to Simulation of a Flapping Foil Problem at Low Reynolds Numbers

A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code has been developed for simulation of two-dimensional flapping foil problem. Viscos flow has been simulated in an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian description and a high quality mesh deformation technique used for modifying of the grid structure. The abilities of code is verified in compare of other references values and a good agreement with other numerical results has been observed. Structures of vortices are simulated and effect of them in leading and trailing edge regions on the thrust generation is investigated. The mechanism of thrust generation in flapping foil is attended and observed that it works based on exhaust of momentum, look like other propulsion systems. A mean flow, which has averaged during 22 period of oscillation, showed the accelerating of flow behind the foil and resemblance of the flow pattern with a jet flow. But flapping foil in contrast to jet flow has an unsteady inherent.
Check the temperature. Rapid assessment of common ground in startup teams

This research in progress aims at identifying a set of design guidelines to perform rapid diagnostic of common ground among participants of a startup team and their coach. Previous studies have shown that teams with high common ground are more efficient. Nonetheless, no existing tool can rapidly monitor its progression and visualize it in a simple way to allow the coach to perform team diagnostic. In this paper we present a prototype, which monitors the evolution of joint objectives and joint resources among team members and that represents the updated path of a startup team in less than five minutes. Empirical data collected at a startup weekend shows that it is possible (a) to rapidly monitor the evolution of common ground within the team, (b) to inter-vene whenever the joint commitment of participants gets too low and (c) positively affect the performance of a startup team.
Quantifying the contribution of small-scale turbulence to the encounter rates between larval fish and their zooplankton prey: effects of wind and tide

It has recently been suggested that small-scale turbulence can increase the encounter rate between planktonic predators and their prey. In this paper, we quantify the contribution of turbulence to contact rates and estimate the potential for misrepresenting larval contact rates when turbulence is not accommodated in interpretations of the larval food resource. This was achieved through simulations evaluating the nature and magnitude of windand tide-induced turbulence on the encounter rate between larval fishes and copepod nauplii. These simulations were based on an empirical model describing turbulent energy levels under varying conditions of wind and depth, and on the SimpsonHunter formulation for depth-averaged turbulence due to tidal motion. The contribution of small-scale turbulence to encounter rates depended strongly on wind and tidal velocities, prey density and distribution, and larval fish swimming speeds. Failure to consider the influence of small-scale turbulence when prey density 5 35 1-' can result in up to an 11-fold underestimation of the frequency of contacts between f ~ s h larvae and prey under conditions prevailing at fronts In waters over the northwest European continental shelf during summer, and up to 112 % for larvae at depth 20 m during wind velocities of 5 m S-' These biases increase when prey densities are lower and when prey are heterogeneously distributed. We also show that turbulence may slow the rate of starvation among larval fish because weak, slowswimming individuals are more likely to benefit from turbulence than faster-swimming larvae. We conclude that turbulence, in addition to light and nutrients, may be an important component of the observed increase in plankton production rates and biomass at tidal fronts and at other upwelling systems.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

There is a complex interplay between atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure. These two clinical entities often coexist, resulting in significant morbidity, affecting prognosis and rendering their management even more challenging. New nonpharmacologic therapies are emerging and may alter the management of these patients. Among them, catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation seems to be a promising therapeutic approach as it leads to improvement of cardiac function, symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of life. This article reviews the role of catheter ablation in contemporary management of atrial fibrillation among patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
An efficient method to calculate accuracy of estimated breeding values for individuals without phenotypes

Improved methodology to update the inverse of the coefficient matrix (C) for new individuals without phenotype is described here. Computational performance is significantly improved by re-using parts of the coefficient matrix inverse calculations that do not change from one animal to another, in combination with updated calculations for those that do change. This efficient method delivers more than 500-fold improvement in performance.
A composite structure for efficient photocatalysts : anatase nanocrystals attached to exfoliated clay layers

It is believed that increasing the content of anatase nanocrystals and improving the accessibility of these crystals to reactants (UV photons, organic contaminant molecules and oxygen molecules) will enhance photocatalytic performance. Thus we designed the synthesis approach to achieve such structures. The synthesis involves reaction of clay suspensions with TiOSO4, which leads to formation of anatase nanocrystals attaching to clay layers through Ti-O-Si bonds. The influence of the experimental parameters on the structure of the final photocatalysts is investigated. It is found that the crystal size, the pore size and the specific surface area of the catalysts, can be tailored by manipulating the acidity, the ratio of Ti/clay and the hydrothermal temperature of the synthesis systems. Such a synthesis is different from the conventional approach of pillared intercalated layered clays. The activity of these catalysts for the degradation of phenol a Dr X. Z. Yang, A/Prof. H. Y. Zhu, Dr J. W. Liu Dr W. N. Martens, Prof. R. L. Frost, Inorganic Materials Research Program, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia, Fax: 61 7 3864 1581, Email: hy.zhu@qut.edu. au. Current address of Dr X. Z. Yang is College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, 010021, China. b Prof X. P. Gao, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. c Prof Y. N. Shen, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, 010021, China. d Prof. Z. F. Yuan Institute of Process Engineering, The Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China was investigated, proved far better than titania pillared clays by conventional synthesis.
Utilisation de l'opérateur OWA pour le clustering conceptueí equitable

Nous proposons une approche de clustering conceptuel qui exploite la notion d’equite en optimisation multiagents. L’idee consiste a s’assurer que les clusters obtenus soient equilibres, i.e. approximativement de meme taille. Dans notre approche, chaque agent represente un concept et l’utilite d’un agent correspondant a une mesure specifique (par exemple la frequence du concept). Le probleme consiste alors a trouver la meilleure satisfaction cumulative tout en mettant l’accent sur un compromis equitable entre tous les agents individuels. Pour determiner la solution optimale de meilleur compromis, nous avons exploite une formulation equitable de l’operateur des moyennes ponderees ordonnees (en anglais, Ordered Weighted Averages - OWA), avec un jeu de poids particulierement adapte a la recherche de solutions equitables. Les experiences effectuees sur les jeux de donnees de l’UCI et sur des instances issues d’une application reelle (ERP) montrent que notre approche trouve efficacement des clusterings de bonne qualite.
Capital structure determinants : the evidence from listed and unlisted Dutch firms

The capital structure of firms listed on stock exchanges has received extensive coverage in the scientific literature. This study analyzes the capital structure antecedents of listed and unlisted firms, while using panel data from Dutch companies. The evidence suggests that unlisted firms tend to have more leverage and prefer short-term liabilities. Profitability, earnings volatility, size, growth in assets as well as the collateral value of assets have been discovered to be important determinants of capital structure for the listed and unlisted firms in the Netherlands. It was also found that leverage of private firms is more sensitive to firm profitability, and less sensitive to size and tangibility. The empirical results are in line with previous studies and mainly support arguments made by the Pecking Order Theory.
An efficient anonymous authentication scheme based on a signature with deterable function for mobile healthcare crowd sensing

With the widespread growth of cloud computing and mobile healthcare crowd sensing (MHCS), an increasing number of individuals are outsourcing their masses of bio-information in the cloud server to achieve convenient and efficient. In this environment, Cloud Data Center (CDC) needs to authenticate masses of information without revealing owners’ sensitive information. However, tremendous communication cost, storage space cost and checking time cost lead to CDC that give rise to all kinds of privacy concerns as well. To mitigate these issues, To mitigate these issues, we propose a data anonymous batch verification scheme for MHCS based on a certificateless double authentication preventing aggregate signature. The proposed scheme can authenticate all sensing bio-information in a privacy preserving way. We then present that the proposed CL-DAPAS scheme is existentially unforgeable in the Random Oracle Model (ROM) assuming that Computational Diffie-Hellman problem is difficult to solve. Furthermore, we provide an implementation and evaluate performance of the proposed scheme and demonstrate that it achieves less efficient computational cost compared with some related schemes.
The use of cation-cation and anion-anion bonds to augment the bond-valence 1 model 2 Revision 2 3 4

11 The bond-valence model has, for several decades, been widely used for creating 12 quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), crystal structure modeling, and 13 verification of proposed structures. Certain limitations of the model, such as the neglect of 14 interactions between cations and between anions, have prevented it from being more 15 broadly applied, however. In this work we use cation-cation and anion-anion bonds to 16 augment the existing bonding model in the systems H-Al-Si-O and K-Al-Si-O. The bond 17 valence-length curves for these interactions employ the same mathematical form as ionic 18 bonds, but make only a small contribution to the overall bonding in ionic materials. In the 19 systems examined here, oxygen-oxygen interactions were much more important than those 20 between cations for producing accurate bond-valence sums. Both anion-anion and cation21 cation bonding could prove important, however, for our ultimate goal of producing 22 valence-based force fields for use in molecular dynamics simulations. Rolling these 23 interactions into the bond-valence framework would produce behavior similar to hard24 sphere repulsive or van der Waals terms, but would more flexibly account for the complete 25 bonding environment. The overall improvement in valence sums was robust, was 26 maintained outside the calibration set, and was invariant to elemental substitution. We 27 conclude that this minor alteration of the bond-valence approach will significantly improve 28 bond-valence models in conjunction with other recent extensions of the approach. 29 30 Keyword: crystal structure, bond valence, ligand, silicate, aluminosilicate 3
Morbidity and mortality trials: black and white or shades of grey?

The evidence base for the drug treatment of hypertension is robust (black and white). The importance of rigorous blood pressure control is reasonably well established. The advantages or disadvantages of particular drug classes or regimens is much less clear (shades of grey). Even carefully conducted metaanalyses have failed to identify important differences in morbidity and mortality. Some drugs may have advantages for some end points (including intermediate or surrogate outcomes) but the overall influence on the individual is likely to be neutral. The future focus should be on strategies to control blood pressure rather than a futile search for benefit beyond blood pressure reduction.
Controlled Depolymerization of Cellulose Fibres Isolated from Lignocellulosic Biomass Wastes

Various types of lignocellulosic biomass wastes (LBW) had been successfully converted into cello-oligomers with different chain lengths via a controlled depolymerization process. Cellulose fibres isolated from LBW samples were dissolved with room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) in the presence of an acid catalyst, Amberlyst 15 DRY. The effects of reaction time on the degree of polymerization and yields of water-insoluble cello-oligomers formed were studied. Besides, the yields of water-soluble cello-oligomers such as glucose and xylose were also determined. The depolymerization of cellulose fibres isolated from LBW was observed to follow both second-order and pseudo-second order kinetics under specific conditions. As such, cello-oligomers of controllable chain lengths could be obtained by adjusting the duration of depolymerization process under optimized conditions.
ULTRA-LUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCES IN THE MOST METAL POOR GALAXIES

Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULX) are X-ray binaries with Lx >1039 erg s−1. The most spectacular examples of ULX occur in starburst galaxies and are now understood to be young, luminous high mass X-ray binaries. The conditions under which ULX form are poorly understood, but recent evidence suggests they may be more common in low metallicity systems. Here we investigate the hypothesis that ULX form preferentially in low metallicity galaxies by searching for ULX in a sample of extremely metal poor galaxies (XMPG) observed with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. XMPG are defined as galaxies with log(O/H) + 12 < 7.65, or less than 5% solar. These are the most metal-deficient galaxies known, and a logical place to find ULX if they favor metal poor systems. We compare the number of ULX (corrected for background contamination) per unit of star formation (NULX(SFR)) in the XMPG sample with NULX(SFR) in a comparison sample of galaxies with higher metallicities taken from the Spitzer Infrared Galaxy Sample. We find that ULX occur preferentially in the metal poor sample with a formal statistical significance of 2. 3σ. We do not see strong evidence for a trend in the formation of ULX in the high metallicity sample: above 12+log(O/H) ∼ 8.0 the efficiency of ULX production appears to be flat. The effect we see is strongest in the lowest metallicity bin. We discuss briefly the implications of these results for the formation of black holes in low metallicity gas.
IMPLEMENTATION OF OCTAGONAL AND HEXAGONAL STRIP MONOPOLE ANTENNAS FOR UWB APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems have the promise of very high bandwidth, reduced fading from multipath and low power requirements. Band width can be extended to higher frequencies by adding a Octagonal or Hexagonal strip horizontally from the printed radiator and asymmetrically attaching a conducting strip to the radiator. This paper reports about the design of the antennas to enhance the bandwidth by increasing the size of the strip monopole by different geometries. The geometry of the wide octagonal strip monopole is a Octagon of side 'a=9mm' where as for the wide hexagon monopole is a hexagon of side ‘a=10mm’. The strip length is 23mm and small gap 'd=3mm' between ground planes and strip for both the antenna geometries to achieve matching. The two printed monopole antennas are designed are etched onto a FR-4 epoxy substrate with an overall size of 45mm × 60mm ×1.6 mm. The proposed antennas are simulated using Ansoft HFSS and the practical results are obtained by testing the patches on vector network analyzer. The hexagonal strip monopole is resonating at 5.5 GHz and UWB impedance bandwidth (S11 < –10 dB) ranges from 1.54 to 9.41GHz, while the octagonal strip monopole is resonating at 5.5GHz and UWB impedance bandwidth (S11 < –10 dB) ranges from 1.3 to 5.65 GHz. The VSWR values for hexagonal is 1.52:1 at 2.09GHz & for octagonal it is 1.53:1 at 1.78GHz. The bandwidth for hexagonal is 7.87GHz, while for octagonal is 4.35GHz.
A Comparison of Atmospheric Reanalysis Surface Products over the Ocean and Implications for Uncertainties in Air–Sea Boundary Forcing

This paper investigates the uncertainties related to atmospheric fields from reanalysis products used in forcing ocean models. Four reanalysis products, namely from 1) the interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERAInterim), 2) version 2 of the Common Reference Ocean‐Ice Experiments (CORE2), 3) the 25-Year Japanese Reanalysis Project (JRA-25), and 4) NCEP‐NCAR, are evaluated against satellite-derived observations for eight different fields (zonal and meridional winds, precipitation, specific humidity, continental discharge, surface air temperature, and downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation fluxes). No single product is found to agree better in all fields with satellite-derived observations. Reanalysis products are mostly comparable to each other because of their similar physical assumptions and assimilation of common observations. Adjusted atmospheric fields from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) optimizations are also in agreement with other reanalysis products. Time-mean and time-variable errors are estimated separately and mapped globally in space, based on 14-day average fields to focus on monthly to interannual periods. Time-variable errors are larger in comparison to the signal than time-mean errors for most fields, thus justifying the need to separate them for studying uncertainties as well as formulating optimization procedures. Precipitation and wind stress fields show significant time-mean and time-variable errors whereas downwelling radiation, air temperature, and humidity fields show small time-mean errors but large time-variable errors, particularly in the tropics. Uncertainties based on evaluating multiple products presented here are considerably larger than uncertainties based on single product pairs.