Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Soil Physicochemical Properties under the Canopy of Coffee Shade Trees Effect (Cordia africana and Erythrina abyssinica) in Arsi Golelcha District, Ethiopia

Agroforestry from which soils are derived effectively sets the upper limit of nutrient supply. Contrasting this vegetation component of the ecosystem acts as a means by which mineral nutrients are sequestered, and carbon and/or nitrogen is fixed, and subsequently added to the soil through litter fall by decomposers of organic matter. Coffee shade trees is important to improve over all soil and coffee health, sustain and restore agroecology,biodiversity, and diversified nature based agroforestry practices. The study was conducted on farmers’ fields in Golelcha District of East Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. The study was intended to evaluate the influence of coffee shade trees on selected soil physicochemical properties under the canopy of (Cordia africana and Erythrina abyssinica ) trees and to get appropriate distance of coffee seedling plantation area in which away from shade tree trunks. Randomized complete block design on three farmers’ fields as a replication in each PAs were used for data collection. A total of 48 circular samples were taken for both treatments’ parameters, under both coffee shade tree species at the distance of 1m, 3m, 6 m and 25m away from shade tree trunk including unshaded zone. The two widely grown indigenous coffee shade tree species in the area were Cordia africana and Erythrina abyssinica. Even though farmers’ preference focused on Cordia africana tree based on its utility, the best results were recorded under Erythrina abyssinica tree. The outcome had a significant value at (p<0.05) and highly significance value at (p<0.01) between and within the treatments. Integration of shade in coffee farming system created creditable promising in producing organic coffee as a result of organic soil improvement. Shade utility was also adopted as ecologically sustainable, economically viable and socially acceptable practice. The second distance layer (3m) away from shade tree trunks illustrated the highest mean value across PAs in most parameters. Almost all the given soil parameters’ value increased significantly under the tree canopy than in the open area in both PAs showing decreasing trend with increasing distance from the tree trunks except phosphorus. Average result of both PAs' soil; the greater value of pH 44%, and 54%, OC; 60.5% and 92%, TN; 40% and 50.5%, CEC; 68.75% and 87%, ex. K; 13.5% and 14%, silt; 22.65% and 27.5% than open area were detected under the canopies of Cordia africana and Erythrina abyssinica, respectively. The best shade tree was Erythrina abyssinica and the recommended distance of coffee seedling plantation area away from shade tree trunk was 3m. Generally, the imperative indicator of the treatment’s means difference were indicated between shaded and unshaded rather than within shaded means variation at most treatments’ parameters. Keywords: Coffee-based agroforestry system, Coffee shade value, Soil fertility ascription and Coffee quality attributions.
New reports of endophytic fungi associated with cherry (Prunus avium) and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) trees in Iran

Endophytic fungi constitute a remarkable multifarious group of microorganisms live within plants tissues without causing any obvious negative effect. Endophytic fungi have been found in every plant species examined to date. During an investigation on endophytic fungi, 123 fungal isolates were obtained from healthy twigs and leaves of cherry (Prunus avium) and sour cherry (P. cerasus) trees in Iran. The isolates identified based on sequence data of 18S rDNA (SSU) region, as well as morphological and cultural features. As a result, four species namely Coniothyrium olivaceum, Collophora paarla, Sarocladium strictum and Quambalaria cyanescens identified. All these identified species are new reports as endophytic fungi from P. cerasus and P. avium in the world. Among them, Collophora paarla and Quambalaria cyanescens are new taxa for the mycobiota of Iran.
PRIVACY PRESERVING DATA ACCESS CONTROL USING PUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION IN CLOUD

— Cloud security is one of the most important ongoing research, technology of the day to day life where the information stored in the cloud must be restricted to the unauthorized users and also it can be protected on the cloud server. In the existing Certificate less Public Key Encryption, it uses expensive pairing operations during each and every time, when a user wants to share the data in the public cloud. It is inefficient because it takes longer time to store and retrieve data in the public cloud. Hence, in this work it uses pairing free operations. The centralized public cloud used as both secure storage and also key generation centre. By considering the users public keys, the data administrator upload the sensitive information to the cloud. Finally authorized users decrypt the same encrypted information from the public cloud. This technique has greater performance and security than the earlier one.
Coda Wave Interferometry Method Applied in Structural Monitoring to Assess Damage Evolution in Masonry and Concrete Structures

In this experimental program the main goal is to monitor the damage evolution in masonry and concrete structures by Acoustic Emission (AE) signal analysis applying a well-know seismic method. For this reason the concept of the coda wave interferometry is applied to AE signal recorded during the tests. Acoustic Emission (AE) are very effective non-destructive techniques applied to identify micro and macro-defects and their temporal evolution in several materials. This technique permits to estimate the velocity of ultrasound waves propagation and the amount of energy released during fracture propagation to obtain information on the criticality of the ongoing process. By means of AE monitoring, an experimental analysis on a set of reinforced masonry walls under variable amplitude loading and strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams under monotonic static load has been carried out. In the reinforced masonry wall, cyclic fatigue stress has been applied to accelerate the static creep and to forecast the corresponding creep behaviour of masonry under static long-time loading. During the tests, the evaluation of fracture growth is monitored by coda wave interferometry which represents a novel approach in structural monitoring based on AE relative change velocity of coda signal. In general, the sensitivity of coda waves has been used to estimate velocity changes in fault zones, in volcanoes, in a mining environment, and in ultrasound experiments. This method uses multiple scattered waves, which travelled through the material along numerous paths, to infer tiny temporal changes in the wave velocity. The applied method has the potential to be used as a "damage-gauge" for monitoring velocity changes as a sign of damage evolution into masonry and concrete structures.
Optimisation of compressed air system’s energy usage through discrete event simulation: Compressor performance

Compressed air systems (CAS) utilised in manufacturing processes require significant energy input for operation. The estimated cost of producing compressed air is considered high with little transparency available when assessing its value in manufacturing. There is currently poor awareness of the performance of CAS in relation to its equipment utilisation and energy optimisation. This paper presents a modified approach to the Energy Blocks methodology for representation and simplification of compressed airflow profiles in discrete event simulations (DES). The presented AirBlocks methodology significantly reduces the aggregate data required to represent the dynamic and interdependent nature of CAS. Combining the AirBlocks approach with manufacturing throughout productivity simulations allows a productivity oriented compressed air demand profile to be developed. This offers the capacity to estimate periods of sustained peak, average and minimum air demand, incidents of production stoppages due to air demand, incidents of production due to air starvation and, identify waste and saving potential in the system. This paper includes an industrial case study where the AirBlocks approach was used in evaluating the performance of an existing CAS. Through simulation - poor compressor utilisation and regular incidents of air starvation were identified as symptoms of insufficient CAS volumetric capacity and an oversized compressor system in an automotive engine manufacturing plant.
Atmospheric transport of persistent semi-volatile organic chemicals to the Arctic and cold condensation in the mid-troposphere – Part 1: 2-D modeling in mean atmosphere

Abstract. In the first part of this study for revisiting the cold condensation effect on global distribution of semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs), the atmospheric transport of SVOCs to the Arctic in the mid-troposphere in a mean meridional atmospheric circulation over the Northern Hemisphere was simulated by a two-dimensional (2-D) atmospheric transport model. Results show that under the mean meridional atmospheric circulation the long-range atmospheric transport of SVOCs from warm latitudes to the Arctic occurs primarily in the mid-troposphere. Although major sources are in low and mid-latitude soils, the modeled air concentration of SVOCs in the mid-troposphere is of the same order as or higher than that near the surface, demonstrating that the mid-troposphere is an important pathway and reservoir of SVOCs. The cold condensation of the chemicals is also likely to take place in the mid-troposphere over a source region of SVOCs in warm low latitudes through interacting with clouds. We demonstrate that the temperature dependent vapour pressure and atmospheric degradation rate of SVOCs exhibit similarities between lower atmosphere over the Arctic and the mid-troposphere over a tropical region. Frequent occurrence of atmospheric ascending motion and convection over warm latitudes carry the chemicals to a higher altitude where some of these chemicals may partition onto solid or aqueous phase through interaction with atmospheric aerosols, cloud water droplets and ice particles, and become more persistent at lower temperatures. Stronger winds in the mid-troposphere then convey solid and aqueous phase chemicals to the Arctic where they sink by large-scale descending motion and wet deposition. Using calculated water droplet-air partitioning coefficient of several persistent organic semi-volatile chemicals under a mean air temperature profile from the equator to the North Pole we propose that clouds are likely important sorbing media for SVOCs and pathway of the cold condensation effect and poleward atmospheric transport. The role of deposition and atmospheric descending motion in the cold condensation effect over the Arctic is also discussed.
Growth Performance of Weaned Male Albino Rats Fed on Processed Atlantic Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)

Trachurus trachurus is a table fish, locally called kote in south-west Nigeria . Fish processing (like poaching and smoking) generates reactive di-carbonyl compounds & poly-aromatic hydrocarbons that affect its digestibility. Study determined the effect of processing methods on growth performance of weaned male albino rats reared on Atlantic horse mackerel ( Trachurus trachurus ). Chemical analyses were carried out on processed fillet; skin, head & bone (SHB) diets under standard conditions. 40 weaned male albino rats were fed with processed fillet or SHB diets for 14 days to assess protein digestibility via: feed intake, weight gain, feed efficiency ratio (FER), feed conversion ratio (FCR), water intake & faecal output. Animals fed on coal smoked fillet diet had the best growth, in terms of weight gained, FCR & FER respectively; followed by the wood smoked SHB diet (p<0.001) compared to the positive control. The best results were obtained from animals fed the smoked fillet / SHB. The SHB could be a significant source of valuable ingredients for animal feeds & human consumption. Keywords: Processing methods; Growth performance ; Feed Efficiency Ratio; Feed Conversion Ratio; Trachurus trachurus , Agricultural waste / Discards
An examination of severe thunderstorm discrimination skills from traditional Doppler radar parameters and near storm environment (NSE) factors at large radar range

The original motivation for this research was to explore a variety of radar and near storm environment (NSE) parameters to determine if they could be statistically pieced together for the purpose of discriminating between supercell thunderstorms that produced F2 or greater strength tornadoes from nontornadic supercells beyond 80 km range of a WSR-88D radar. As it turned out, the most important finding was totally independent of Doppler radar products; this aspect of the research is discussed in great detail.
The Emerging Field of Diagnostics in Glycosylation Disorders

Protein glycosylation is an important post-translational modification. It enhances the functional diversity of proteins, half-life and influences their biological activity. Defective glycosylation often leads to multisystem disease and adds itself to the expanding group of ‘Congenital disorders or glycosylation’ which are predominantly disorders of N-linked glycosylation. Another rapidly growing group of disorders are defects in O-linked glycosylation, including a subset of dystroglycanopathies. Current diagnostic strategies for glycosylation disorders are compounded by the multivariate clinical phenotype of many of the diseases. Biochemical tests such as the isoelectric focusing of transferrin and apolipoprotein CIII are used to assess a patient’s glycoform profile before in depth enzyme and genetic analysis is initiated. Whilst the glycoform profiling has been instrumental in screening for many glycosylation disorders, there is a need for a more sensitive and informative test. This short review gives an overview of the recent methods used in glycobiology research that could be used to devise such a test, which alongside currently used diagnostic tests should further facilitate the delineation of CDG subtypes. It provides a view to a potential strategy using marker glycopeptides to develop a mass spectrometry based assay that could be implemented into clinical diagnostic laboratories.
Extragalactic Peaked-spectrum Radio Sources at Low Frequencies

We present a sample of 1483 sources that display spectral peaks between 72 MHz and 1.4 GHz, selected from the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey. The GLEAM survey is the widest fractional bandwidth all-sky survey to date, ideal for identifying peaked-spectrum sources at low radio frequencies. Our peaked-spectrum sources are the low-frequency analogs of gigahertz-peaked spectrum (GPS) and compact-steep spectrum (CSS) sources, which have been hypothesized to be the precursors to massive radio galaxies. Our sample more than doubles the number of known peaked-spectrum candidates, and 95% of our sample have a newly characterized spectral peak. We highlight that some GPS sources peaking above 5 GHz have had multiple epochs of nuclear activity, and we demonstrate the possibility of identifying high-redshift (z > 2) galaxies via steep optically thin spectral indices and low observed peak frequencies. The distribution of the optically thick spectral indices of our sample is consistent with past GPS/CSS samples but with a large dispersion, suggesting that the spectral peak is a product of an inhomogeneous environment that is individualistic. We find no dependence of observed peak frequency with redshift, consistent with the peaked-spectrum sample comprising both local CSS sources and high-redshift GPS sources. The 5 GHz luminosity distribution lacks the brightest GPS and CSS sources of previous samples, implying that a convolution of source evolution and redshift influences the type of peaked-spectrum sources identified below 1 GHz. Finally, we discuss sources with optically thick spectral indices that exceed the synchrotron self-absorption limit.
The Enhanced Effect of Oplopanax elatus Nakai on the Immune System and Antitumor Activity

Abstract The present study is designed to explore an anti-tumor activity on crude extracts of Oplopanax elatus. Water extractions of Oplopanax elatus were performed at 100℃(OeE-100). OeE-100 doses up to 62.5 ㎍/㎖ had no cytotoxicity on the tumor cell lines in vitro. In experimental lung metastasis of colon26-M3.1 carcinoma or B16-BL6 melanoma, the prophylactic intravenous (4~100 ㎍/mouse) or oral (2 ㎎/mouse) administration of OeE-100 significantly inhibited tumor metastasis as compared with tumor controls. Peritoneal macrophages stimulated with OeE-100 produced various cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12. In an analysis of NK-cell activities, i.v. administration of OeE-100 (10~100 ㎍/mouse) significantly augmented the cytotoxicity to YAC-1 tumor cells. Vaccination of mice with boiling-treated tumor cells (BT-vaccine) in combination with OeE-100 (100 ㎍/mouse) showed higher inhibitions in tumor metastasis when compared with the mice of BT-vaccine treatment. In addition, the splenocytes from OeE-100 admixed BT-vaccine immunized mice secreted a higher concentration of Th1 type cytokine such as IFN-γ. These results suggested that the OeE-100 stimulated immune system and was a good candidate adjuvant of anti-tumor immune responses. Key words: Macrolepiota procera, macrophage, NK-cell, metastasis, synergistic activity
Etiologic Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Turkish Adolescent Girls Diagnosed with Hirsutism

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.4168 Received: 30.11. 2015 Accepted: 23.12. 2015 Printed: 01.03. 2016 J Clin Anal Med 2016;7(2): 205-9 Corresponding Author: Mesut Parlak, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital,07070, Muratpasa, Antalya, Türkiye. T. : +9
Mitoxantrone represses markers of microglial activation and inflammation

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an autoimmune attack against myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in unpredictable and varied debilitations, such as temporary blindness, loss of balance, muscle spasticity, incontinence, pain, chronic fatigue, and even paralysis. Mitoxantrone is an FDA‐approved drug used to treat secondary‐progressive forms of the disease, but its mechanism of action is not completely understood, and it has limited use because of cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to determine the effect of mitoxantrone on microglial and astrocyte activation as a measure of the inflammatory response. The results from enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Western blots show that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates markers of activation, including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1‐beta (IL‐1β), interleukin‐12 p40 (IL‐12 p40), and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) in N9 cultured microglia as well as primary astrocytes, and mitoxantrone inhibits these effects in a dose‐dependent manner.
The Effect of the European Economic News Releases to the US Financial Markets in the Crisis Period

This paper evaluates the effect of all European economic news releases to the US financial markets, for the main crisis period from June 2007 up to October 2011. Evaluation concerns Sharpe ratios, as well as magnitude and frequency of volatility jumps for the periods before and after a news release. Sharpe ratios are examined with the risk of the excess returns being estimated by the flat-top Bartlett kernel estimator of Barndorff-Nielsen et al. (2008) with an optimal (in a finite sample) choice for the number of autocovariances as suggested by Bandi and Russell (2011). Volatility jumps are detected according to the jump detection scheme of Ait-Sahalia and Jacod (2009).
Performance, Breast Morphological and Carcass Traits in the Ardennaise Chicken Breed

The aim of this study was to quantify performance, breast morphological and carcass traits in Belgium's most ancient chicken breed: the Ardennaise. Evaluation during growing showed at 84 days of age light as-hatched mean live Body Weights (BW) (1115g ± 221), fairly high Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) (5.09 ± 0.4) and Liveability (LIV) (92.55% ± 4.6). At 85 days, male and female in vivo breast measurements such as Keel Angle (KA) (67.74-71.82 ), Thoracic Circumference (TC) (25.61-28.05 cm), Keel Length (KL) (10.32- o 11.26 cm) and muscle thickness (TM) (10.70-12.11mm), with associated BW, were all greater in males and significantly different between sexes (p<0.001), except for Chest Width (CW) (4.62-5.35 cm). However, there was no sexual dimorphism for all yield traits. Yields of Eviscerated Carcass (EC) varied from 57.54-59.28%, Thighs and Drumsticks (TD) from 19.37-19.80%, Breast Meat (BM) from 11.02-11.62% and Wings (WI) from 8.67-8.82%. All in vivo measurements, carcass and portions data were lower than those reported mostly for broilers, except similar KA degrees and slightly higher WI. Finally, most of traits studied in the Ardennaise chicken were moderate when compared to those obtained by broilers.
Congestion Management Using UPFC in Deregulated Power System

Congestion in the transmission lines is one of the technical problems that appear particularly in the deregulated environment. There are two types of congestion management methodologies to relieve congestion in transmission lines. One is non-cost free methods and another is cost-free methods, among them later method relieves the congestion technically whereas the former is related more with the economics. In this paper congestion is relieved using cost free method. Among the various cost free methods, use of FACTS devices method is considered in this paper. The unified power flow controller (UPFC) integrates properties of both shunt and series compensations, and can effectively alter power system parameters in a way that increases power transfer capability and stabilizes system. The above method is tested on modified IEEE 30-bus system and it can be readily extended to any practical systems.
Convergence analysis for a class of LDPC convolutional codes on the erasure channel

An ensemble of LDPC convolutional codes with parity-check matrices composed of permutation matrices is introduced. The convergence of the iterative belief propagation based decoder for terminated convolutional codes in the ensemble when operating on the erasure channel is analyzed. The structured irregularity in the Tanner graph of the codes leads to significantly better thresholds when compared to the corresponding LDPC block codes.
Interannual evolution of (sub)mesoscale dynamics in the Bay of Biscay

Abstract. In the north-east Atlantic Ocean, the Bay of Biscay is an intersection between a coastal constrained dynamics (wide continental shelf and shelf break regions) and an eastern boundary circulation system. In this framework, the eddy kinetic energy is 1 order of magnitude lower than in western boundary systems. To explore this coastal complex system, a high-resolution (1 km, 100 vertical sigma layers) model experiment including tidal dynamics over a period of 10 years (2001–2010) has been implemented. The ability of the numerical environment to reproduce main patterns over interannual scales is demonstrated. Based on this experiment, the features of the (sub)mesoscale processes are described in the deep part of the region (i.e. abyssal plain and continental slope). A system with the development of mixed layer instabilities at the end of winter is highlighted. Beyond confirming an observed behaviour of seasonal (sub)mesoscale activity in other regions, the simulated period allows exploring the interannual variability of these structures. A relationship between the winter maximum of mixed layer depth and the intensity of (sub)mesoscale related activity (vertical velocity, relative vorticity) is revealed and can be explained by large-scale atmospheric forcings (e.g. the cold winter in 2005). The first submesoscale-permitting exploration of this 3-D coastal system shows the importance of (sub)mesoscale activity in this region with its evolution implying a potentially significant impact on vertical and horizontal mixing.