Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medical knowledge sharing guideline: A conceptual model

Increase the number and type of disease in the world need quality medical care. To produce high-quality medical treatment, necessary improvement in the quality of research related to medical care itself. However, an increasing number of researchs alone is not enough to be followed also by improving the quality of research that indirectly in desperate need of a good quality of communication between physicians, especially in the dissemination of research related to medical care. One of the main requirements for the dissemination of research results might work well is appropriate knowledge sharing between doctors, which eventually led to the need to improve knowledge-sharing between the base physicians. The main objective of this research is to explain the factors that influence the process of exchange of knowledge between doctors, which describes the process of knowledge exchange that occurs between the doctors that have been held, and learn about the factors that influence the effectiveness of the processes for the exchange of knowledge among doctors. In this study using survey methods, this is caused by the research focus of research on current conditions, then the form of research questions of who, what, where, how many / much and do not require control over behavioral events. The survey was conducted on 5 (five) parts, namely content and obstetrics (OBGYN), pediatrics, radiology, anesthesia and pathology clinics in teaching hospitals and non-teaching hospitals. The end result of this research is a guide for the head part in public hospitals and maternity hospitals as leaders and decision makers in implementing the process of sharing knowledge between doctors and international intersection between the hospitals effectively.
The distribution of septal projections to the hippocampus of the rat

Terminal degeneration following lesions of the medial septal nucleus or of the contralateral hippocampus was mapped and compared with the distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the hippocampal formation of the rat. Previously unreported septal projections were found in the supragranular region of the dentate gyrus, an area which is also the locus of a dense band of acetylcholinesterase. This correspondence provides further support for the hypothesis that the enzyme is located in the septal efferents. These findings are combined with those of earlier workers in a hypothetical model of septo‐hippocampal relationships.
Drug Treatment of Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Neuropathic pain develops as a result of a lesion or a disease in somatosensory nerve system. It can develop over one-half of the patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). It can be classified into 3 categories as follows: pain below the level of lesion, at the level of lesion and above the level of lesion. In these patients, treatment is directed to available symptoms, findings and underlying mechanisms. The most commonly used agents include antidepressants, anticonvulsants and opiates. In the present manuscript, we will provide literature data about the effects of these agents on neuropathic pain observed in patients with SCI.
Relationships between core strength, hip external rotator muscle strength, and star excursion balance test performance in female lacrosse players.

UNLABELLED PURPOSEBACKGROUND: Female athletes have high rates of lower extremity (LE) injuries. Core strength (CS) and hip external rotator (HER) strength have been suggested to be factors that influence LE injury risk. Better balance has also been shown to decrease LE injury risk. Still, little research has examined whether core strength and hip muscle strength can influence LE balance. Therefore the purpose of the current study was to examine the relationships between core strength, hip ER strength and lower extremity balance as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). METHODS CS was examined via the bent knee lowering test (BKLT) (grades 1-5). Hip external rotator (HER) strength was measured singularly (HERL and HERR and combined (HERCOM) assessed via hand held dynamometry (reported in Newtons), and balance assessed via the SEBT expressed as % leg length, bilaterally in the postero-medial, postero-lateral, anterior directions and as a combined score (SEBTCOM). All outcomes were assessed in 45 female lacrosse players (16.0 ± 5.9 yrs, 65.1 ± 2.4 cm, 57.3 ± 7.4 kgs, experience=5.9 ± 2.9 yrs). Pearson product-moment correlations examined relationships between the BKLT, HER and SEBT. Linear regression analyses examined possible influences of CS and HER on balance (p ≤ .05). RESULTS SEBTCOM was not correlated with BKLT [r(45)=-. 20, p=. 18] or HERCOM [r(45)=. 20, p=. 18]. There was no correlation between HER strength and CS (BKLT) [r(45)=. 20, p=. 20]. Overall scores on the BKLT were not correlated with any of the three balance SEBT scores. HERL [r(45)=. 36, p=. 02] and HERR [r(45)=. 30, p=. 05] were moderately positively correlated with left posteromedial SEBT direction. HERCOM and BKLT did not predict overall SEBTCOM balance scores (r(2)=. 068, p=. 23). CONCLUSIONS BKLT scores and combined HER strength did not correlate with LE balance, as measured by the SEBT, in female lacrosse players. However, HER strength of both the left and right LE's (singularly) was moderately correlated with scores on one reach direction (left posteromedial) but not with combined SEBT scores. Researchers should continue to examine whether core and hip muscles influence LE balance. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b.
Pazarlama Performans Ölçütleri: Bir Literatür Taraması

Pazarlama yoneticilerinin firma performansina yaptiklari katkiyi olcmedeki yetersizlikleri pazarlamanin firma icindeki konumunu ve onemini kaybetmesine sebep olmaktadir ve bundan dolayi son yillarda pazarlama fonksiyonu, pazarlama performansini degerlendirme ve finansal olarak olculebilir olma konusunda artan bir baski altindadir. Bu baglamda pazarlama performansinin olcumu icin uygun olcum araclarinin neler oldugu hem uygulamacilar hem de akademisyenler tarafindan tartisilmaya baslanmistir. Bu calismanin amaci, firmalarda pazarlama performansinin olculmesinde ve degerlendirilmesinde kullanilan olcutlerin (metriklerin) neler oldugu, pazarlama performans degerlendirmede bunlara hangi siklikla basvuruldugu ve bu olcum araclarina verilen onem ile ilgili literaturu arastirmaktir. Bunun yanisira pazarlama performans olcum araclarina ilginin artmasinin sebepleri ile performans olcumunde karsilasilan zorluklari ve yoneltilen elestirileri ortaya koymaktir. Ayrica, calismanin sonunda uygulamacilara ve arastirmacilara oneriler sunulmaktadir
Etiology and pathogenesis of ectodermal dysplasias

Ectodermal dysplasias are a large group of heterogeneous heritable conditions characterized by congenital defects of one or more ectodermal structures and their appendages. The skin and its appendages are mainly composed by ectodermal components but development initiation of appendages is orchestrated by signals of the mesoderm with the help of placodes. A complex network of signaling pathways coordinates the formation and function of ectodermal structures. In recent years much has been discovered regarding the molecular mechanisms of ectodermal embryogenesis and this facilitates a rational basis for classification of ectodermal dysplasia. Interestingly, not only complex ectodermal syndromes but also mono‐ or oligosymptomatic ectodermal malformations may result from a mutation in a gene that is critical for ectodermal development. Mesodermal, and occasionally endodermal malformations may coexist. Embryogenesis occurs in distinct tissue organizational fields and specific interactions among the germ layers exist that may lead to a wide range of ectodermal dysplasias. Of the approximately 200 different ectodermal dysplasias, about 80 have been characterized at the molecular level with identification of the genes that are mutated in these disorders. Modern molecular genetics will increasingly elucidate the basic defects of these distinct syndromes and shed more light into the regulatory mechanisms of embryology. The upcoming classification of ectodermal dysplasias will combine detailed clinical and molecular knowledge. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Research and application of Ku-band 200W AlGaN/GaN power HEMT with four cells internal matching

In this paper, we research the AlGaN/GaN internal matching technology. Using in-house made four 20mm GaN Power HEMT transistors, the internal matching power HEMT demonstrates a pulse over 180W across the band of 13.7-14.5GHz, an output power more than 200W with a power gain of over 6dB, the power added efficiency (PAE) of 30.47% at 14 GHz, operated at 32V drain bias voltage (Vds) with the pulsed conditions at a duty of 10% with a pulse width of 100us. The package size excluding flange and leads is 17.4mm × 24mm. This is the highest output power in a 100W-class AlGaN/GaN HEMT in that such package at Ku-band to the best of our knowledge.
Ultra-High-Speed Low-Noise InP-HEMT Technology

InP-based high electron mobility transistors (InP-HEMTs) with an ultra-high current gain cutoff frequency (fT) of over 550 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) of 500 GHz are realized. The excellent performance is achieved through lateral and/or vertical device scaling in combination with a reduction of parasitic resistances and capacitances. Key device technologies for ultra-high-speed, low-noise performance are described
Atherosclerosis in relation to fat penniculus (obesity) between xiphoid and umbilicus.

BACKGROUND It has been shown that possible influence of body weight is more evident for coronary than aortic atherosclerosis; and more in men than women. Coronary heart disease due to obesity in males becomes significant when body mass index (BMI) exceeds 30 (30% overweight) and does not affect the life expectancy particularly in women. This study was conducted to asses the relation of thickness of fat penniculus (obesity) between xiphoid and umbilicus to different atherosclerotic lesions; and to collect basic data about age and sex distribution of this relation METHODS It was prospective descriptive study and conducted at mortuary of King Edward Medical University, and Department of Pathology, Allama Iqbal Medical College. Lahore. A total of 130 human autopsies were carried out in one-and-a-half year of study duration. The ages of the deceased ranged between 8 and 85 years. Heart aorta and its major branches were included in this study. In addition, fat penniculus between xiphoid and umbilicus was measured and atherosclerosis lesions were categorised and correlated with this parameter. Haematoxylin and Eosin, and different special stains were done in Pathology Department of Allama Lqbal Medical College, Lahore to asses to severity of atherosclerosis lesions. RESULTS The fatty streaks were present in predominantly more cases with Fat Penniculus < 20 mm than in asses with Fat Penniculus < 10 mm and < 30 mm. The fibrolipid plaques, complicated and calcified lesions were present in a dominant number of cases with Fat Penniculus < 30 mm on percentage basis. CONCLUSION Raised lesions were seen more frequently in cases with Fat Penniculus 20 mm to < 30 mm than in cases with Fat Penniculus < 10 mm and < 20 mm thickness.
Kinematic motion analysis of the human arm during a manipulation task

Research in the field of human kinematic analysis has gained interest in recent years and has fostered new ideas and expectations. Next generations of manipulators are expected to resemble a human-like behaviour at kinematic level, in order to avoid any unease or discomfort (like fear or shock) to the nearby humans. Robot manufactures are in fact already putting on the market kinematically redundant manipulators that guarantee high levels of dexterity and a more flexible motion planning. In this paper, a kinematic experimental approach to study the motion of the human arm will be presented. In particular, the proposed scenario will be used to study how humans exploit the kinematic redundancy of their arm, for a future use in a robotic controller.
Discrete-time compensating control of a stepper motor for an active control lever

Control levers for command setting are widely used, e. g. as thrust control in marine or aviation applications. Actually these levers are equipped with a mechanical brake to avoid movements of the lever in case of vibrations. Special control points are indicated to the user by mechanical detents. The basic idea of an active lever is to create a force feedback to the user which depends on the current situation of the system, e.g. if the user wants to reduce the thrust and the system recognizes a risk to stall the airplane then a high counterforce is applied against the movement of the lever. Detents or break characteristics can also be simulated by the active lever which is typically driven by a DC motor. The basic idea presented in this paper is to use a stepper motor which is able to produce high detent torques even in the case of a power blackout. Field oriented control by means of a discrete-time compensating controller is applied to the current control loop. This paper focuses on the nonlinear mathematical model of the stepper motor and the design of a discrete-time decoupling compensating current controller. Due to the small electrical time constant of the motor and a limited sampling rate, quasi continuous control design of a PI controller does not produce satisfactory results.
More invasive procedures are done to detect each case of Down's syndrome in younger women

Objective. To evaluate the performance of first‐trimester combined screening in 5‐year periods according to maternal age in a low‐risk population. Design. A prospective study. Setting: Multicenter study in Finland. Population: A total of 76 949 voluntary women with singleton pregnancies participated in first‐trimester combined screening in public healthcare between 1 May 2002 and 31 December 2008. Methods. The serum samples were analyzed using the PerkinElmer AutoDELFIA® time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay kit for the measurement of pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A and free beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin. Nuchal translucency was measured by trained personnel (midwives or physicians) in a university or central hospital. Main Outcome Measures. Performance, detection rate, false positive rate and the number of invasive procedures needed to detect a single case of Down's syndrome were analyzed. Results. There was a direct connection between maternal age and the prevalence of Down's syndrome with a low prevalence in young women being 1:1 193 in the 25–29 age group and 1:150 in the 35–39 age group. Consequently, for a fixed false positive rate of 5%, the number of invasive procedures needed to detect one case of Down's syndrome is higher in younger women to achieve the same detection rate. Conclusions: In combined first trimester screening the risk for Down's syndrome is individual, varying with maternal age. This should be taken into consideration when counseling women.
Time and Technology : Competing for Customers in the Future

Competitive strategies, technology, and cycle time are explored in this article as ways to allow organizations to gain competitive advantage by differentiating their products and services and serving niche markets in compelling ways. A framework is provided for interaction with customers through technology and cycle time to determine the types of innovations and improvements they would like to see in an organization’s products and services.
A tree‐based approach to matchmaking algorithms for resource discovery

One of the essential operations in a distributed computing is resource discovery. A resource discovery service provides mechanisms to identify the set of resources capable of satisfying the requirements of a job from a large collection of resources. The matchmaking framework provides a reasonable solution to resource management in a distributed environment; it is composed of four important components as classified advertisement (classad), matchmaker protocol, matchmaking algorithm and claiming protocols. Most of the time required to find a resource depends on the performance of the matchmaking algorithms. A distributed environment introduces a large set of heterogeneous resources which is always changing. The matchmaking algorithms should incorporate with this highly changing environment. In this paper we proposed a fast and efficient searching method for matchmaking algorithms which also deals with resource heterogeneity. The proposed approach reduces the searching time to a linear function from a cubic function proposed by R. Raman, M. Livny, and M. Solomon. We discuss briefly the working principles of the method and compare the experimental results of the proposed matchmaking algorithm with those of the existing algorithm. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration of Quantum Dot devices by Selective Area Epitaxy

The results of nucleation of InGaAs and InAs quantum dots by selective area epitaxy are presented. By pre-patterning the substrates with different (SiO2) mask dimensions, the bandgap of the quantum dots can be tuned over a large range. This technique is used to demonstrate a quantum dot laser integrated with a quantum well waveguide
Average cost and marginal cost pricing in Marshall: Textual analysis and interpretation

Abstract This paper proposes a textual analysis of Marshall's theory of firm pricing behavior under competitive conditions. Average cost and marginal cost pricing theories have very distinct origins as they are rooted, respectively, in the classical and marginalistic theory of competition. I analyze to what extent and under which circumstances the two theories joined in the work of Alfred Marshall; and I argue that, even though only partial evidence can be found to support the adoption of the notion of marginal cost pricing by Marshall, he developed some concepts, such as the distinction between short and long periods and the notion of quasi-rents, which turned out to be fundamental for the joint acceptance of marginal cost and average cost pricing principles by the Marshallian school.
T2 relaxation time abnormalities in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

There are substantial abnormalities in the number, density, and size of cortical neurons and glial cells in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Because molecule‐microenvironment interactions modulate metabolite signals characteristics, these cellular abnormalities may impact transverse (T2) relaxation times. We measured T2 relaxation times for three intracellular metabolites (N‐acetylaspartate + N‐acetylaspartylglutamate, creatine + phosphocreatine, and choline‐containing compounds) in the anterior cingulate cortex and parieto‐occipital cortex from 20 healthy subjects, 15 patients with bipolar disorder, and 15 patients with schizophrenia at 4 T. Spectra used in T2 quantification were collected from 8‐cc voxels with varying echo times (30 to 500 ms, in 10‐ms steps). Both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia groups had numerically shorter T2 relaxation times than the healthy subjects group in both regions; these differences reached statistical significance for creatine + phosphocreatine and choline‐containing compounds in bipolar disorder and for choline‐containing compounds in schizophrenia. Metabolite T2 relaxation time shortening is consistent with reduced cell volumes and altered macromolecule structures, and with prolonged water T2 relaxation times reported in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. These findings suggest that metabolite concentrations reported in magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of psychiatric conditions may be confounded by T2 relaxation and highlight the importance of measuring and correcting for this variable. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of an acyl‐CoA synthetase, lipidosin, in astrocytes of the murine brain and its up‐regulation during remyelination following cuprizone‐induced demyelination

Lipidosin is an 80‐kDa protein with long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase activity expressed in the brain, adrenal gland, testis, and ovary, which are selectively damaged in X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD). Western blot analysis of the cerebrum and cerebellum revealed a gradual increase in the expression of lipidosin postnatally. Light microscopic immunohistochemistry using a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies showed that the lipidosin‐immunopositive cells were ubiquitously distributed in the brain and were denser in the gray matter than in the white matter. Lipidosin immunoreactivity was colocalized with GFAP immunoreactivity but not with ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase 1 (= PGP9.5) immunoreactivity, a neuronal marker, and lipidosin‐producing cells detected by an antisense probe specific for lipidosin mRNA were also GFAP immunopositive. These data together with Western blot analysis of primary cultured astrocytes indicate that lipidosin is expressed in astrocytes. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis revealed that lipidosin immunoreactivity was widely distributed from perivascular endfeet to perisynaptic processes without being limited to peroxisomes. Lipidosin immunoreactivity was greatly increased in astrocytes in the area of remyelination following experimental demyelination induced by the administration of cuprizone to mice. These data suggest that lipidosin was involved in fatty acid metabolism during reconstruction of the myelin sheath. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NeoFLOT: Multicenter phase II study of perioperative chemotherapy in resectable adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction or gastric adenocarcinoma—Very good response predominantly in patients with intestinal type tumors

Perioperative treatment is a standard of care in locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) (gastric adenocarcinoma and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma). While preoperative treatment can be applied to the majority of patients, postoperative chemotherapy can be given only to a fraction. The NeoFLOT‐study therefore investigates the application of prolonged neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Patients with T3, T4, and/or node‐positive adenocarcinoma (GEC) were eligible for this multicenter phase II trial. NACT consisted of 6 cycles of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, leucovorin 200 mg/m2, 5‐fluorouracil 2600 mg/m2 and docetaxel 50 mg/m2 (FLOT) applied q 2 wks. Application of adjuvant chemotherapy was explicitly not part of the protocol. R0‐resection rate was evaluated as a primary endpoint. Of 59 enrolled patients, 50 patients underwent surgery and were assessable for the primary endpoint. R0‐resection rate was 86.0% (43/50). Pathologic complete response (pCR) was 20.0% (10/50) and a further 20% (10/50) of patients achieved near complete histological remission (<10% residual tumor). Among these very good responders, 85% (17/20) had intestinal type tumors, 10% (2/20) had diffuse and 5% (1/20) had mixed type tumors. After 3 cycles of NACT, 6.9% (4/58) of patients developed progressive disease. Median disease‐free survival was 32.9 months. The 1‐year survival‐rate was 79.3%. Grade 3‐4 toxicities included neutropenia 29.3%, febrile neutropenia 1.7%, diarrhea 12.1% and mucositis 6.9%. This study indicates that intensified NACT with 6 cycles of FLOT is highly effective and tolerable in resectable GEC. Very good response (pCR and <10% residual tumor) was predominantly observed in patients with intestinal type tumors.