Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weakly almost periodic and uniformly continuous functionals on the Fourier algebra of any locally compact group

We define for any locally compact group G, the space of bounded uniformly continuous functionals on f, UCB(6), in the context of P. Eymard [Bull. Soc. Math. France 92 (1964), 181-236. MR 37 #42081 (for notations see next section). For u E A(G) let u= (0 E VN(G); 4A(G)ul = 0). Theorem. If for some norm separable subspace X C VN(G) and some positive definite 0 # u E A(G), UCB(d) c norm closure [W(G) + X + u-LI then G is discrete. If G is discrete then UCB(d) C A P(d) c W(d). Introduction. A result of R. B. Burckel [13, p. 68] implies that if G is any locally compact abelian group and W(o), UCB(A), C(A) are the spaces of bounded weakly almost periodic, uniformly continuous, continuous, functions on the dual 0 of G, respecively, then W(G ) = C(G ) iff G is discrete. A different proof of this same result is given in Ramirez-Dunkl [4, Corollary 6.51. Our results in (7, p. 621 imply an improved version of this statement, namely that if G is locally compact abelian nondiscrete, then the quotient Banach space UC(O)/W(d) with the usual quotient norm is not norm separable. The Fourier algebra of G, A(G) and its dual VN(G) (none other than Lm (G) in the abelian case) have been defined and extensively studied by P. Eymard in [61. It is proved by Dunkl and Ramirez in (4, Corollary 6.41, that if G-=H Gn is the complete direct product of countably many nontrivial compact groups then W(i) is a proper closed subspace of VN(G) (denoted r (G0) in [4]. For the definition of W(d) see next section. ) This result is improved by Dunkl and Ramirez in [151 to hold for any compact group and further improved by P. F. Renaud in a recent paper (161, which was not available to us before sending the present paper for publication, to hold for any locally compact group. We define in the next section the space of bounded uniformly continuous functionals on 0, UCB(G) c VN(G). It coincides with UCB(G) if G is locally compact abelian and with (G) = VN(G) if G is compact (then d is discrete, see [51), as it should be. Our main result, which improves all the above is Received by the editors January 18, 1973 and, in revised form, April 9, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 43A60, 43A30, 43A35, 22D05, 22D15; Secondary 43A07, 22D35, 22D25. (1) Research done while the author held a Canada Council Award. The support of the Canada Council is gratefully acknowledged. Copyright
A new code to study structures in collisionally active, perturbed debris discs: application to binaries

Debris discs are traditionally studied using two distinct types of numerical models: statistical particle-in-a-box codes to study their collisional and size distribution evolution, and dynamical N-body models to study their spatial structure. The absence of collisions from N-body codes is in particular a major shortcoming, as collisional processes are expected to significantly alter the results obtained from pure N-body runs. We present a new numerical model, to study the spatial structure of perturbed debris discs at dynamical and collisional steady-state. We focus on the competing effects between gravitational perturbations by a massive body (planet or star), collisional production of small grains, and radiation pressure placing these grains in possibly dynamically unstable regions. We consider a disc of parent bodies at dynamical steady-state, from which small radiation-pressure-affected grains are released in a series of runs, each corresponding to a different orbital position of the perturber, where particles are assigned a collisional destruction probability. These collisional runs produce successive position maps that are then recombined, following a complex procedure, to produce surface density profiles for each orbital position of the perturbing body. We apply our code to the case of a circumprimary disc in a binary. We find pronounced structures inside and outside the dynamical stability regions. For low $e_B$, the disc's structure is time varying, with spiral arms in the dynamically "forbidden" region precessing with the companion star. For high $e_B$, the disc is strongly asymmetric but time invariant, with a pronounced density drop in the binary's periastron direction. (better resolution version of the paper at this http URL)
I'm Still In Love With My X! (but, do I want my X to be an optimist, a pessimist, or eliminated?)

This paper explores the advantages and hazards of X-optimism and X-pessimism, and of 2-state versus 4-state simulation. A number of papers have been written over the years on the problems of optimistic versus pessimistic X propagation in simulation. Some papers argue that Verilog/ SystemVerilog is overly optimistic, while other papers argue that SystemVerilog can be overly pessimistic. Which viewpoint is correct? Just a few years ago, some simulator companies were promising that 2-state simulations would deliver substantially faster, more efficient simulation run- times, compared to 4-state simulation. Now it seems the tables have turned, and Verilog/SystemVerilog simulators are providing modes that pessimistically propagate logic X values, with the promise that 4-state simulation will more accurately and efficiently detect obscure design bugs. Which promise is true? This paper answers these questions.
Laboratory surrogate markers of residual HIV replication among distinct groups of individuals under antiretroviral therapy

Background Residual HIV-1 replication among individuals under antiretroviral therapy (ART) relates to HIV micro-inflammation. Objectives To determine levels of residual HIV replication markers among distinct subgroups of antiretroviral-treated individuals. Methods 116 patients were distributed into 5 treatment groups: first-line suppressive ART with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) (n=26), first-line suppressive ART with boosted protease inhibitors (PI-r) (n=25), salvage therapy using PI-r (n=27), salvage therapy with PI-r and raltegravir (n=22) and virologic failure (n=16). Episomal and total DNA quantitation was evaluated. ELISA was used for HIV antibody and LPS quantitation. Results Episomal DNA was positive in 26% to 38% of individuals under suppressive ART, being higher among individuals experiencing virologic failure (p=0.04). HIV proviral load was higher among patients with detectable episomal DNA (p=0.01). Individuals receiving initial PI-r treatment presented lower HIV antibodies (p=0.027) and LPS (p=0.029) than individuals receiving NNRTI. There was a negative correlation between episomal DNA quantitation and suppressive ART duration (p=0.04), CD4+ T-cell count (p=0.08), and CD8+ T-cell count (p=0.07). Conclusions Residual HIV replication has been inferred among individuals under suppressive ART according to episomal DNA detection. Residual replication may decrease with longer periods of suppressive ART and higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The relationship between episomal DNA and total DNA suggests a replenishment of the proviral reservoir with impacts on HIV persistence. Lower antibody and LPS levels among patients with initial PI-r ART suggest these regimens may more effectively suppress HIV with higher capacity to decrease the HIV antigenic component.
Estimating anisotropy parameters and traveltimes in the τ-p domain

The presence of anisotropy influences many aspects of seismic wave propagation and has therefore implications for conventional processing schemes. To estimate the anisotropy, we need both forward modelling and inversion tools. Exact forward modelling in anisotropic media is generally done by raytracing. However, we present a new and fast method, using the τ‐p transform, to calculate exact P and SV reflection moveout curves in stratified, laterally homogeneous, anisotropic media which requires no ray tracing. Results are exact even if the SV‐waves display cusps. In addition, we show how the same method can be used for parameter estimation.Since inversion for anisotropic parameters is very nonunique, we develop expressions requiring only a reduced number of parameters. Nevertheless, predictions using these expressions are more accurate than Taylor series expansions and are also able to handle cusps in the SV traveltime curves. In addition, layer stripping is a linear process. Therefore, both effective (aver.
Radiation hardness studies of AMS HV-CMOS 350 nm prototype chip HVStripV1

CMOS active pixel sensors are being investigated for their potential use in the ATLAS inner tracker upgrade at the HL-LHC. The new inner tracker will have to handle a significant increase in luminosity while maintaining a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and pulse shaping times. This paper focuses on the prototype chip “HVStripV1” (manufactured in the AMS HV-CMOS 350nm process) characterization before and after irradiation up to fluence levels expected for the strip region in the HL-LHC environment. The results indicate an increase of depletion region after irradiation for the same bias voltage by a factor of ≈2.4 and ≈2.8 for two active pixels on the test chip. There was also a notable increase in noise levels from 85 e− to 386 e− and from 75 e− to 277 e− for the corresponding pixels.
The experience of sleep for women with borderline personality disorder: An occupational perspective

Introduction Sleep difficulties are prevalent in borderline personality disorder; however, the experience of sleep for individuals with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder has not been considered from an occupational therapy perspective. Method This study adopted a qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to explore how sleep is experienced by four women with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, in an inpatient setting. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Findings Through thematic analysis four themes were identified: ‘there isn’t a proper pattern or structure to my sleeps’, ‘sleep is getting away for me’, ‘before I came in [to the unit] my life–work balance was all chaotic’ and ‘I know the routine, but it doesn’t really seem to affect me’. These findings described the variety of problems experienced by participants with regard to sleep and the implications of sleep difficulties on occupational performance and participation. Conclusion Women with borderline personality disorder on an inpatient unit experienced a variety of sleep difficulties that impact on their ability to engage in occupations. Sleep and sleep difficulties should be explicitly addressed by occupational therapists and sleep interventions should be individually tailored; further research is required to examine occupational therapy interventions for sleep.
Systematic mapping of security patterns research

Security patterns (SPs) are reusable solutions to security problems. We study here research papers that use security patterns to build secure systems or analyze the nature of security patterns. The goal of this paper is neither listing nor direct mapping of existing over 200 SPs but finding about how SPs are being investigated within research works to guide future research targeting SPs. Although the number of SPs has recently grown, the current trends and future prospects of SP research (e.g., research content and their modeling methods of SPs) are uncertain due to the diversity in the research results themselves. To elucidate the current trends and future prospects, herein we classify 30 works on SPs using a technique called systematic mapping (SM), which addresses the following three research questions with nine facets for classification: RQ1. Is SP research an active field? RQ2. What are the current trends of SP research? RQ3: What are the future prospects of SP research? Obtained answers are: A1. SP research has been conducted constantly in the past decade, confirming that the field is active. A2. The most common research topic is the SP application, demonstrating that efficient and reliable techniques to apply SPs are necessary to guarantee security. A3. There could be several future prospects aligned with the facets. For example, Access Control is a common concrete SP in current SP research and is likely in actual development; however, it needs to be further examined for other SPs in addition to access control to handle various threats. These answers are expected to improve further SP research and the effectiveness of SPs.
Conclusion : Lessons for leadership from unusual contexts

In this final chapter, we summarize the core challenges to leadership in complex organizational systems as well as the lessons that we believe leaders can learn from the contributions presented in this book. Building on Complexity Leadership Theory (Uhl-Bien & Marion, 2009), we argue that high levels of complexity characterize the contexts described, and that they are unusual because they deviate from the setting of standard business organizations. Since these contexts are not often discussed in the general leadership literature, there seems to be a largely unused potential in terms of leadership learning. Specifically, in order to better contextualize leadership, scholars and practitioners need to take organizational complexity into account. With reference to the underlying structure of the book, core challenges to leadership in complexity are proposed, clustering around four main foci: competition, high risk, creativity and innovation, care and community. Subsequently, we derive six lessons for leadership: adaptability, perseverance, handling paradox, leading with values, inventing the future, and sharing responsibility. We thereby hope to stimulate fruitful discussions that put leadership into context and capitalize on complexity theory as an innovative approach to leadership research and practice.
Linear stability of an active fluid interface

Motivated by studies suggesting that the patterns exhibited by the collectively expanding fronts of thin cells during the closing of a wound [Mark et al., Biophys. J., 98:361-370, 2010] and the shapes of single cells crawling on surfaces [Callan-Jones et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. , 100:258106, 2008] are due to fingering instabilities, we investigate the stability of actively driven interfaces under Hele-Shaw confinement. An initially radial interface between a pair of viscous fluids is driven by active agents. Surface tension and bending rigidity resist deformation of the interface. A point source at the origin and a distributed source are also included to model the effects of injection or suction, and growth or depletion, respectively. Linear stability analysis reveals that for any given initial radius of the interface, there are two key dimensionless driving rates that determine interfacial stability. We discuss stability regimes in a state space of these parameters and their implications for biological systems. An interesting finding is that an actively mobile interface is susceptible to fingering instability irrespective of viscosity contrast.
Modeling alkali metal emissions in large-eddy simulation of a preheated 1 pulverized-coal turbulent jet flame using tabulated chemistry 2

Kaidi Wan, Jun Xia*, Luc Vervisch, Yingzu Liu, Zhihua Wang*, Kefa Cen 3 1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, 4 Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China 5 2. Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering & Institute of Energy 6 Futures, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK 7 3. CORIA – CNRS, Normandie Université, 8 INSA de Rouen, 76800 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France 9
The RoCS Framework to Support the Development of Autonomous Robots

With the expansion of autonomous robotics and its applications (e.g. medical, competition, military), the biggest hurdle in developing mobile robots lies in endowing them with the ability to interact with the environment and to make correct decisions so that their tasks can be executed successfully. However, as the complexity of robotic systems grows, the need to organize and modularize software for their correct functioning also becomes a challenge, making the development of software for controlling robots a complex and intricate task. In the robotics domain, there is a lack of reference software architectures and, although most robot architectures available in the literature facilitate the creation process with their modularity, existing solutions do not provide development guidance on reusing existing modules. Based on the well- known IBM Autonomic Computing reference architecture (known as MAPE-K), this work defines a refined architecture following the Robotics perspective. To explore the capabilities of the proposed refinement, we implemented the RoCS (Robotics and Cognitive Systems) framework for autonomous robots. We successfully tested the framework under simulated robotics scenarios that mimic typical robotics tasks and evidence the framework reuse capability. Finally, we understand the proposed framework needs further experimental evaluation, particularly, assessments on real-world scenarios.
Intraocular Pressure Model Predictive Control : A Simulation of Circadian and Mean Intraocular Pressure Control

& Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. AbstractPharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) models of four ophthalmic drugs taken from the literature, employed in building model predictive control (MPC) systems. The drugs are: Latanoprost, Bunazosin, Timolol, and PF-04475270. MPC successfully controlled the mean intraocular pressure (MIOP) to a set point without overshoot or noticeable steady state error. The drug model representation order is vital in the suppression of circadian intraocular pressure variation, while the mean intraocular pressure is controllable irrespective of the model order.
Unravelling Malaria Antigen Binding to Antibody‐Gold Nanoparticle Conjugates

Conjugates formed by antibody adsorption to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have found extensive utilization in immunoassays due to the high surface area and interesting optical and electronic properties of the nanomaterials. Nevertheless, the mechanism of formation of antibody‐AuNP conjugates and their antigen binding characteristics have not been sufficiently explored in terms of specificity and consequent clinical applicability. Dynamic light scattering and related techniques have been successfully employed to detect antigen binding to antibody‐AuNP complexes. Here, a range of different techniques from the bionanotechnology realm have been applied to obtain a detailed picture of a competitive immunoassay for malaria antigen detection, based on fluorescence‐quenching by AuNPs. Both agarose gel electrophoresis and differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS) analyses provide binding constants in the same order of magnitude, for antibody binding to AuNP and for antigen binding to antibody‐AuNP conjugates. Both techniques are also able to reveal inhibition of antigen binding in the presence of a major blood plasma protein, transferrin (via competitive binding). DCS is further used to show inhibition of the binding of the antigen in the presence of human plasma, a realistic testing condition, of high relevance to the implementation of immunoassays at the clinical level.
N ov 2 01 8 Manifolds of Projective Shapes

The projective shape of a configuration of k points or “landmarks” in RP consists of the information that is invariant under projective transformations and hence is reconstructable from uncalibrated camera views. Mathematically, the space of projective shapes for these k landmarks can be described as the quotient space of k copies of RP modulo the action of the projective linear group PGLpdq. Using homogeneous coordinates, such configurations can be described as real k ˆ pd ` 1q-dimensional matrices given up to left-multiplication of non-singular diagonal matrices, while the group PGLpdq acts as GLpd ` 1q from the right. The main purpose of this paper is to give a detailed examination of the topology of projective shape space, and, using matrix notation, it is shown how to derive subsets that are in a certain sense maximal, differentiable Hausdorff manifolds which can be provided with a Riemannian metric. A special subclass of the projective shapes consists of the Tyler regular shapes, for which geometrically motivated pre-shapes can be defined, thus allowing for the construction of a natural Riemannian metric.
"All things being equal?" Policy options, shortfalls and absences in the World Bank education strategy 2020

The World Bank’s new education sector strategy (World Bank Education Strategy 2020, hereafter referred to as WBES 2020) establishes the guidelines for new education priorities in low-income contexts for the coming decade. WBES 2020 attempts to move the focus of education reforms further away from an inputs rationale to a reform agenda with outputs, governance, and managerial solutions at its core. More specifically, it advocates: (a) the adoption of a systemic approach to education reform that strengthens the role of non-government players and incentives in education, (b) a more discernible focus on learning outcomes, which implies measuring school results in order to generate a knowledge base with which to inform policy-makers and families, and (c) the dissemination of innovative approaches and demand-side interventions that can contribute to improving learning outcomes effectively. WBES 2020 deserves our attention due to its enormous impact on the field of education for development. The World Bank’s Education Strategies, which are carefully distributed all around the world, have a great capacity for establishing education agendas globally. They are perceived, and to a great extent used, as a policy guide by many stakeholders operating in the field of education for development, including donors, NGOs, and ministries of education in lessdeveloped countries. The education sector strategies are probably the most outstanding policy document contributing to positioning the Bank as the intellectual leader of education reform in the field of development aid. The explicit title of WBES 2020, Learning for All, is a clear recognition that something else must be done, beyond policies focusing on access, to ensure that schooling involves positive learning experiences. This could be perceived as a step forward in the World Bank commitment to education for development. However, as this paper argues, the Bank’s explicit and underlying policy options in WBES 2020 reflect more continuities than breaks when compared to previous strategies, and moreover these policy options might not be adequate to achieve the “learning for all” goal.
Evolutionary Significance of Epigenetic Variation 16

16.4 Relationships Between Genetic and Epigenetic Variation . 263 16.4. 1 Epigenotype Dependent on or Inseparable from Genotype . 264 16.4. 2 Epigenotype Can Act Independently of Genotype . 264 16.4. 3 Genotypic Variation Created by Epigenetic Effects: Transposable Elements and Heat Shock Proteins . 264
Phase Transitions and Scaling in Systems Far From Equilibrium

Scaling ideas and renormalization group approaches proved crucial for a deep understanding and classification of critical phenomena in thermal equilibrium. Over the past decades, these powerful conceptual and mathematical tools were extended to continuous phase transitions separating distinct non-equilibrium stationary states in driven classical and quantum systems. In concordance with detailed numerical simulations and laboratory experiments, several prominent dynamical universality classes have emerged that govern large-scale, long-time scaling properties both near and far from thermal equilibrium. These pertain to genuine specific critical points as well as entire parameter space regions for steady states that display generic scale invariance. The exploration of non-stationary relaxation properties and associated physical aging scaling constitutes a complementary potent means to characterize cooperative dynamics in complex out-of-equilibrium systems. This article describes dynamic scaling features through paradigmatic examples that include near-equilibrium critical dynamics, driven lattice gases and growing interfaces, correlation-dominated reaction-diffusion systems, and basic epidemic models.