Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tie Strength and Entrepreneurial Resource Acquisition of the Online Stores: The Moderating Role of C2C Industrial Life Cycle

In recent years, the emerging online entrepreneurship field has provided research opportunities to test whether existing theories can explain the value creation mechanism in the new online context. The impact of tie strength on resource acquisition of the online stores is moderated by the early stages of the Chinese C2C industrial life cycle. Based on a survey with 178 respondents, the empirical results indicate: (1) for online stores being in business for 3 to 8 years, which means they entered into the C2C market at the introduction stage of the industrial life cycle, the main resource acquisition channel at the start-up stage was commercial weak ties; (2) for online stores being in business for 1 to 3 years, which means they entered into the C2C market at the growth stage of the industrial life cycle, the main resource acquisition channel at the start-up stage was strong ties; (3) for online stores being in business less than 1 year, which means they entered into the C2C market at the mature stage of the industrial life cycle, the main resource acquisition channel at the start-up stage was weak ties (including experiential weak ties and commercial weak ties). The paper concludes with a discussion of its limitations and future outlook.
An ethno-veterinary survey of medicinal plants used to treat bacterial diseases of livestock in three geographical areas of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

An ethno-veterinary survey of plants used to treat certain bacterial diseases of livestock in three geographical areas of the Eastern Cape was conducted during 2013 to 2014. A purposive sampling technique was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire and field observations to document indigenous knowledge in 48 communal households. From the respondents of the 48 households, 64.6% men and 35.4% women were interviewed regarding their knowledge on the use of plants for the treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock. Ten, eighteen and twenty respondents were surveyed at Goso, Ciko and Upper Ngqumeya, respectively. Six plants species, belonging to 6 families were documented and claimed by farmers to be used for the treatment of black quarter and paratyphoid in cattle. Results obtained showed that Agapanthus praecox Willd. , Sarcophyte sanguinea and Olea europaea subsp. africana were used to treat black quarter, while Strychnos henningsii, Acokanthera oppositifolia and Dalbergia obovata were used to treat “perceived” paratyphoid in calves. Bark and leaves were the commonly used plant parts. Decoction and infusion were the main methods of preparation, while oral administration was the common route for treatment. Determination of the dose was done by using certain size bottles and plant parts by the handful as measurements. In the light of the present data, it can be concluded that, medicinal plants play a role in healthcare of livestock in rural communities. Key words: Cattle diseases, communal, farmers, Eastern Cape, medicinal plants.
Effects of Hexaconazole on Growth and Antioxidant Potential of Cucumber Seedlings under UV-B Radiation

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hexaconazole (HEX), a triazole fungicide, on the growth, yield, photosynthetic response and antioxidant potential in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to UV-B stress. UV-B radiation and HEX were applied separately or in combination to cucumber seedlings. The growth parameters were significantly reduced under UV-B treatment, however, this growth inhibition was less in HEX treated plants. HEX caused noticeable changes in plant morphology such as reduced shoot length and leaf area, and increased leaf thickness. HEX was quite persistent in inhibiting shoot growth by causing a reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight. HEX noticeably recovered the UV-B induced inhibition of biomass production. Significant accumutation in anthocyanin and flavonoid pigments in the leaves occurred as a result of HEX or UV-B treatments. HEX permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and higher quantum yield for photosystemⅡ under UV-B exposure. HEX treatment induced a transient rise in ABA levels in the leaves, and combined application of HEX and UV-B showed a significant enhancement of ABA content which activates H2O2 generation. UV-B exposure induced accumulation of H2O2 in the leaves, while HEX prevented UV-B induced increase in H2O2, indicating that HEX serves as an antioxidant agent able to scavenge H2O to protect cells from oxidative damage. An increase in the ascorbic acid was observed in the HEX treated cucumber leaves affecting many enzyme activities by removing H2O2 during photosynthetic processes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase(APX), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in the leaves in the presence of HEX under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. These findings suggest that HEX may participate in the enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. From these results it can be concluded that HEX moderately ameliolate the effect of UV-B stress in cucumber by improving the components of antioxidant defense system.
High-power 4H-SiC JBS rectifiers

This paper reports the detailed design, fabrication, and characterization of two sets of high-power 4H-silicon carbide (4H-SiC) junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes - one with a 1500-V, 4-A capability and another with 1410-V, 20-A capability. Two-dimensional (2-D) device simulations show that a grid spacing of 4 /spl mu/m results in the most optimum trade-off between the on-state and off-state characteristics for these device ratings. JBS diodes with linear and honeycombed p/sup +/ grids, Schottky diodes and implanted p-i-n diodes fabricated alongside show that while 4H-SiC JBS diodes behave similar to,Schottky diodes in the on-state and switching characteristics, they show reverse characteristics similar to p-i-n diodes. Measurements on 4H-SiC JBS diodes indicate that the reverse-recovery time (/spl tau//sub rr/) and associated losses are near-zero even at a high reverse dI/dt of 75 A//spl mu/s. A dc/dc converter efficiency improvement of 3-6% was obtained over the fastest, lower blocking voltage silicon (Si) diode when operated in the 100-200 kHz range.
Prediction of UV-Vis Spectra of Flavan-3-ol Type Molecules: A Computational Approach

In addition to their numerous biological activities, natural polyphenols exhibit to the different geometries in nature. In order to understand their properties of geometry variation attributed to the multitude of chemical structures of this wide class of compounds, time-dependent density functional quantum-chemical calculations at the RTD-B3LYP-FC level of theory appears as a relevant and efficient tool. The UV/Vis properties of flavan-3-ol were systematically investigated. On the basis of molecular orbital analysis we established the structure-geometry relationship. UV-visible absorption spectra of flavone were calculated by semiempirical and ab-initio methods. The best fitting with experimental data was obtained with Gaussian 98 (TD-DFT (b3lyp)/6-311++g (2d, 2p) with PCM solvent model. On the basis of the calculation, the flavan units present two main absorption bands in the UV-visible spectrum, which were due to transitions among singlet states. Gaussian 98 provides results that are much more coherent with the experimental data than the INDO 1/S does.
Design Improvements from users’ experiences of low and zero carbon technologies

The development and rapid consumer adoption of low and zero carbon (LZC) technologies are key elements of UK and EU carbon reduction strategies to meet the challenge of climate change. Many LZC technologies are available, ranging from established energy efficiency products such as home insulation and energy-efficient lighting to more innovative renewable energy technologies, including solar thermal systems, micro-wind turbines, solar photovoltaics and biomass stoves. This paper examines key influences on consumer adoption – and non-adoption – of energy efficiency products and renewable energy systems based on the findings of a UK Open University project, which conducted some 111 in-depth telephone interviews plus an on-line survey with nearly 400 responses. The results show that it is important to research consumer requirements and use behaviours when developing ‘green’ technologies. Consumer adoption of LZC products and systems has been relatively slow and, even when installed, due to behavioural effects, they have not always reduced carbon emissions as much as expected. The results of this study of UK consumers’ experiences shows that improved designs are required to address barriers to LZC adoption and problems in use, including functionality, ergonomics, interconnectedness with other systems and symbolic value, as well as price and payback. Offering challenges for designers, engineers and managers, the paper identifies user-centred improvements to promote more rapid adoption and effective use of LZC technologies.
On the syntactic focus and wh- phrases in Russian

This paper offers the uniform treatment of focused phrases and wh-phrases in Russian. We show that there are two syntactic possibilities for focalization in Russian from a neutral declarative sentence: one in the left periphery and another in the IP domain. This conclusion contradicts claims that there is only one position associated with contrastive focus (IP) or that there is no specific position in the sentence structure that can be associated with contrastive focus. These two positions can host contrastive phrases, but only Foco in the left periphery can attract exhaustive phrases.
The viscous decay of progressive interfacial waves

The viscous damping of progressive, two-layer interfacial waves is examined theoretically and experimentally. Traditional water wave theory is modified to derive the damping rates associated with interfacial wave propagation in a rectangular channel. The individual wave damping contributions are considered from the bottom, side, and interfacial boundary layers, as well as the damping associated with the wave-induced velocities within the homogenous fluid layers. These results show that for most laboratory-scale experiments, sidewall friction plays the dominant role in wave damping. Laboratory experiments are conducted to verify the damping rates for progressive two-layer internal waves in a rectangular channel. Experiments are conducted on both monochromatic and polychromatic wave trains. The results of these experiments are in good agreement with the derived damping rates, but show poorer agreement for large-amplitude waves when the sidewall boundary layers become turbulent. More work is necessary to qua.
How attachment relates to college students' achievement, motivation, and drinking behaviors

Parental attachment, the initial bond between parent and child, has the potential to influence relationships and other aspects of behavior throughout the lifespan. Past research supports the idea that parent attachment is a positive influence on academic achievement, motivation to succeed in school while being negatively associated with high-risk drinking behavior. The current study examined parental attachment scores, reported and predicted grades, parent influence on academic motivation, and drinking habits of 99 female college students in their first semester. Contrary to predictions, there were no significant relations between grades and attachment, a negative correlation was found between seeking motivation from parents and attachment, and a positive correlation was found between risky drinking behaviors and attachment. Future research is needed to examine students’ perceptions of parent expectations about the college experience and to replicate the current findings. ATTACHMENT, ACHIEVEMENT, MOTIVATION, DRINKING 6 How Attachment Relates to College Students’ Achievement, Motivation and Drinking Behaviors One of the reasons human behavior is such an intriguing subject is the hidden forces influencing that behavior. Others can see the products of thoughts and decisions, but they can only predict what causes these individual differences. One possible source of behavior is the way people are raised and their attachment style. Over the years, researchers have been examining the relationship between parent and child and how other aspects of life can be affected by this bond known as attachment. An important time to study attachment is during college, when many young adults are first on their own and in a setting that requires them to form new relationships. Recent studies discussed below compared attachment to different aspects of college life and their findings support that this theory may influence social and academic behaviors.
Effect of resistant maltodextrin on digestion and absorption of lipids.

In order to confirm the mechanism how postprandial elevation of triacylglycerol is suppressed by resistant maltodextrin (Fibersol-2), we conducted the following experiments. Firstly, Rats were fed a high-fat diet with resistant maltodextrin at 0% (control), 2.5% or 5% for 5 weeks to determine the lipid amount excreted in the feces of the last three days. The total lipid and triacylglycerol excreted in rat feces were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner by the ingestion of resistant maltodextrin. Secondly, 10 healthy adult subjects were administrated a beverage containing 5 g resistant maltodextrin or placebo for 10 days, and crossed over after an 11-day washout. Total lipid excreted in feces was determined by collecting all the feces for the last three days. Fecal weight and fecal lipid amount of the subjects increased significantly with the ingestion of resistant maltodextrin compared to the placebo ingestion. Thirdly, oil emulsion prepared with resistant maltodextrin was assessed for its hydrolysis rate by lipase. The hydrolysis rate of lipid by lipase was not affected by resistant maltodextrin. Lastly, micelle emulsion was prepared with or without resistant maltodextrin, and their stability was compared. Resistant maltodextrin inhibited the decomposition of micelles and stabilized micellar structure. From these results, it was suggested that resistant maltodextrin suppresses lipid absorption and promotes the excretion of lipid into feces by delaying the release of fatty acids from micelles in the lipid absorption process. No inhibitory effect on lipase activity was observed by resistant maltodextrin.
Minimum X-ray source size for a lamp-post corona in light-bending models for AGN

The lamppost model is often used to describe the X-ray source geometry in AGN, where an infinitesimal point source is located on the black hole spin axis. This is especially invoked for Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, where an extremely broad iron line seen in episodes of low X-ray flux can both be explained by extremely strong relativistic effects as the source approaches the black hole horizon. The most extreme spectrum seen from the NLS1 1H0707-495 requires that the source is less than 1Rg above the event horizon in this geometry. However, the source must also be large enough to intercept sufficient seed photons from the disk to make the hard X-ray Compton continuum which produces the observed iron line/reflected spectrum. We use a fully relativistic ray tracing code to show that this implies that the source must be substantially larger than 1Rg in 1H0707-495 if the disk is the source of seed photons. Hence the source cannot fit as close as 1Rg to the horizon, so the observed spectrum and variability are not formed purely by effects of strong gravity but probably also by changes in corona and inner accretion flow geometry.
Critical Evaluation for Adoption of Food Safety Systems in the Turkish Dairy and Meat Processing Businesses

The adoption of food safety systems (FSSs) is of major significance in the food industry, and that approach is especially of more promience in dairy and meat processing firms. In this study the aim was to introduce the factors affecting the probability of adoption of FSSs in the dairy and the meat processing plants in Aydin, western Turkey. It was observed that ten out of twenty-eight dairy businesses had implemented one or more FSSs, and eight out of twenty-six meat processing firms had also implemented one or more of the FSSs. In total, thirty-six enterprises had not adopted any food safety system intended for safe food production, eighteen of which were involved in dairy and eighteen in meat processings. Binomial logistic regression model was employed throughout the study. The results indicated that plant characteristics and activities play a major role in determining the relative importance of various incentives in adopting food safety practices. The results also indicated that the larger business plants benefitted from a greater marginal probability of being adopters of FSSs as compared with the other business properties. The businesses that had employed ten to fourteen, fifteen to twenty, or more than twenty employees along with a food engineer and/or a veterinarian as a permanent employee were more likely to adopt FSSs than firms that were employers of fewer staff. Moreover the study indicated that care of hand disinfection had a positive and statistically significant relationship with the decision of any firm to adopt FSSs. On the other hand, the positive and significant impacts of such other factors as knowledge of risk resources, presence of wastes, sufficient air ventilation, and also firm specialties like fewer ordinary employees, as well as the type of business sector (dairy or meat firms) did not prove possible to be verified.
To the problem of the secondary CMB anisotropy separation

We study contribution to the secondary anisotropy maps of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation which difficult to account for faint sources. Two effects are investigated. They are the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect connected with the inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons on hot electrons of cluster of galaxies, and contamination of the background by weak extragalctic sources. First, we study fields of the Planck CMB maps around radio sources of the RATAN-600 catalog. We see weak microwave sources which make an additional contribution to the secondary anisotropy on angular small scales (< 7′). An algorithm for selecting candidate objects with the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect was proposed, based on the use of data on the radio spectral indices and the signal in cosmic-microwave background maps. Second, applying the stacking method, we examine the areas of the CMB maps, constructed according to the Planck Space Observatory data in the neighborhood of different populations of radio sources and giant elliptical galaxies. The samples of objects include giant radio galaxies (GRG), radio sources, selected by the radio spectral index and redshift, as well as the gammaray bursts, used as a secondary comparative sample. The signal from this objects exists on CMB maps and its difference in the neighborhood of GRGs from the other types of objects was discovered.
Robust Digital Video Watermarking using Reversible Data Hiding and Visual Cryptography

Watermarking is a major image processing application used to authenticate user documents by embedding and hiding some authenticated piece of information behind an image, audio or the video file. For example, copyright symbols or signatures are often used. Our proposed work is to develop and implement an improved layered approach to video watermarking. The traditional watermarking approach tends to embed an entire watermark image within each video frame or within random video frames to give the appearance of a hidden watermark to the casual observer. This work proposes a more efficient and secured approach to perform watermarking, by using sub image classification. That is to say, selected frames only will contain a fractional number of total bits from the watermark image. We take k bits from the watermark and store then within a video frame, depending on the size of that watermark image. Our algorithm is capable of hiding high capacity information over video frames. The novel approach is to partially distribute the watermarking data over a set of frames until the entire watermark is eventually distributed throughout the entire video. The originality our technique is that it is a histogram inspired and reversible watermarking approach as defined with visual cryptography. Our approach hides similar watermarking bits of information with frames of a similar appearance. Differing sets of watermark bits are thus embedded within dissimilar frames, thus making the system more robust. It will provide a high degree of authentication, as the extraction of information from a single frame only will not reveal the entire watermarking data, or even give any obvious indication that it contains a fraction of the watermark bits. The robustness of our technique will be tested by calculating MSE, PSNR values and by performing some common
On a Modification of the Chebyshev Collocation Method for Solving Fractional Diffusion Equation

In this article a modification of the Chebyshev collocation method is applied to the solution of space fractional differential equations.The fractional derivative is considered in the Caputo sense.The finite difference scheme and Chebyshev collocation method are used . The numerical results obtained by this way have been compared with other methods.The results show the reliability and efficiency of the proposed method. Received: 03 December 2016, Revised: 31 January 2017, Accepted: 26 February 2017.
DO THE MOST MASSIVE BLACK HOLES AT z = 2 GROW VIA MAJOR MERGERS?

The most frequently proposed model for the origin of quasars holds that the high accretion rates seen in luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN) are primarily triggered during major mergers between gas-rich galaxies. While plausible for decades, this model has only begun to be tested with statistical rigor in the past few years. Here, we report on a Hubble Space Telescope study to test this hypothesis for z = 2 quasars with high supermassive black hole masses ( ), which dominate cosmic black hole growth at this redshift. We compare Wide Field Camera 3 (rest-frame V-band) imaging of 19 point source-subtracted quasar hosts to a matched sample of 84 inactive galaxies, testing whether the quasar hosts have greater evidence for strong gravitational interactions. Using an expert ranking procedure, we find that the quasar hosts are uniformly distributed within the merger sequence of inactive galaxies, with no preference for quasars in high-distortion hosts. Using a merger/non-merger cutoff approach, we recover distortion fractions of for quasar hosts and for inactive galaxies (distribution modes, 68% confidence intervals), with both measurements subjected to the same observational conditions and limitations. The slight enhancement in distorted fraction for quasar hosts over inactive galaxies is not significant, with a probability that the quasar fraction is higher ( ), in line with results for lower mass and lower z AGN. We find no evidence that major mergers are the primary triggering mechanism for the massive quasars that dominate accretion at the peak of cosmic quasar activity.
Multi-Antenna Receiver Principles for Correlated Rayleigh Channels

Optimal (in the sense of minimum error probability) diversity reception of single symbols for fading, noisy channels is too complex for practical implementation. In this paper, a simplified, near-optimum receiver is proposed, which is based on the statistics of the fading channel. This receiver is then analyzed by exact error probability calculations. When there is a spread of the direction of arrival (DOA) of the incident radio waves, the proposed detector significantly gains over an adaptive antenna array, which forms a weighted sum of the received antenna signals. The whole procedure to form a weighted sum is, in fact, shown to be clearly suboptimal, no matter how the antenna weights are chosen. This is due to a loss in diversity effect for adaptive arrays.