Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact origin of the Avak Structure, Arctic Alaska, and genesis of the Barrow gas fields

Geophysical and subsurface geologic data suggest that the Avak structure, which underlies the Arctic Coastal Plain 12 km southeast of Barrow, Alaska, is a hypervelocity meteorite or comet impact structure. The structure is a roughly circular area of uplifted, chaotically deformed Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks 8 km in diameter that is bounded by a ring of anastomosing, inwardly dipping, listric normal faults 12 km in diameter. A zone of gently outward-dipping sedimentary country rocks forms a discontinuous ring of "rim anticlines" within the peripheral ring of normal faults. Beyond these anticlines, the sedimentary rocks are almost flat-lying. Basement consists of strongly deformed Ordovician and Silurian argillite. Density and acoustic impedance con rasts between the argillite and the overlying strata produce gravity and seismic-reflection signatures that define a ring of anticlines around the disturbed zone and a structural high surrounded by an annular structural low at its center. In the adjacent Barrow gas fields, the tops of the informally named Neocomian "pebble shale" unit and the gas-producing Lower Jurassic Barrow sand (local usage) lie at average subsea depths of 488 m and 670 m, respectively. In the Avak 1 well, drilled on the central high, the pebble shale and the Barrow sand lie near the surface, documenting more than 500 m of relative uplift at the high. The cores in this well have steep dips (30-90 degrees), mixed breccia with Franklinian argillite clasts 10 and 90 m above basement, quartz grains with shock mosaicism and multiple sets of shock lamellae, oriented concussion fractures in sand-size quartz grains, and shatter cones resembling those found in the peripheral zones of well-documented impact structures. In addition, above-background levels o fractured quartz grains in Barrow sand were found as far as 19 km beyond the rim of the Avak structure. Data concerning the age of the Avak structure are not definitive. If submarine landslide deposits in the upper part of the Aptian and Albian Torok Formation, in the subsurface 200 km to the east, were triggered by the Avak event, then the Avak meteorite struck a submerged marine shelf about 100 + or - 5 Ma. However, the impact features found at Avak (shatter cones, concussion fractures, shock lamellae and shock mosaicism in quartz grains, and widespread cataclasis) characterize the distal zones of meteorite impact structures. Fused rocks, plastic deformation, and shock-metamorphic minerals found in more proximal zones of impact structures are apparently missing. These observations, and the lack of Avak ejecta in cuttings and cores from the Torok Formation and Nanushuk Group (Albian to middle Cenomanian) in surrounding test wells, indicate that the impact event postdated these beds. In this case, the Avak meteorite struck a Late Cretaceous or Tertiary marine shelf or coastal plain between the Cenomanian (ca. 95 Ma), and deposition of the basal beds of the overlying late Pliocene and Quaternary Gubik Formation (ca. 3 Ma).
Spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes on three emergent canopy trees in French Guiana

The distribution of vascular epiphytes was analyzed on three emergent trees (Hura crepitans, Ceiba pentandra, and Couratari stellata). A total number of 77 species, including 46 orchids, in 17 families was recorded. Number of species was highest in the center of the tree crowns while cover was highest in the middle third of the crown or equally distributed. This leads to the assumption that succession does not always reach equilibrium on old branches towards crown center. Distribution patterns of single species do not necessarily correspond to that of the total epiphyte mass. The entire epiphyte cover is highest on the top of branches while certain species, that could be discussed as specialists on the basis of particular life-form characteristics, are equally abundant on the bottom. There was no clear distribution pattern with respect to branch inclination. Distribution patterns are partly explained by the life-form of the plants.
Eryptosis in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia* Eryptoza w czerwienicy prawdziwej i nadpłytkowości samoistnej

Significantly increased levels of calpain activity and PS exposure were observed in both ET and PV naïve patients, indicating enhanced eryptosis. Among HU-treated patients, a significant increase in calpain activity in the ET group and a decrease in the PV group were observed compared to patients without cytoreductive therapy. Among PV patients, FSC was substantially higher in the HU-treated group than in the naïve group, whereas no significant differences were found between HU-treated and HU-naïve groups of ET patients.
WISDoM: Characterizing Neurological Time Series With the Wishart Distribution

WISDoM (Wishart Distributed Matrices) is a framework for the quantification of deviation of symmetric positive-definite matrices associated with experimental samples, such as covariance or correlation matrices, from expected ones governed by the Wishart distribution. WISDoM can be applied to tasks of supervised learning, like classification, in particular when such matrices are generated by data of different dimensionality (e.g., time series with same number of variables but different time sampling). We show the application of the method in two different scenarios. The first is the ranking of features associated with electro encephalogram (EEG) data with a time series design, providing a theoretically sound approach for this type of studies. The second is the classification of autistic subjects of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange study using brain connectivity measurements.
MODELING SUGGESTION ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE

G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Cyprus International University, Cyprus ------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract -Most of the studies previously focused on studying the relationship between the compressive strength and tensile strength in the case of normal strength concrete, the high strength concrete it has not been fulfilled in the study of the relationship between the compressive strength and tensile strength, studies in this aspect is limited, In this study, a high-resistance concrete mixtures were produced from local materials and tested in the laboratory. We analyzed the results through a computer program to find the optimal mathematical formula for the relationship as a first step. as a second step, we created a general mathematical formula by combining the study results and the results of the previous studies to reach a more comprehensive mathematical formula, Study summarized the results in the presence of a significant relationship between the compressive strength and tensile strength of the high strength concrete, we found that relationship between compressive and split tensile strength is more strong than the relationship between compressive and flexural tensile strength, We also noted in this study that the smaller coarse aggregate significantly affects the tensile strength of high strength concrete.
Paternalism: Its Normative Issues and the Debate

Paternalism is a complicated issue which has both theoretical and normative implications. The debate on paternalism is basically about investigating the justificatory arguments. This paper analyzes certain moral conditions under which a paternalistic attitude or behavior is considered to be problematic. It undertakes the task of critically explaining and interpreting different philosophical stances and arguments with regard to these conditions proposed and developed by moral philosophers. In addition to these, the paper attempts to understand and appreciate debate with regard to practical issues of our daily life where the idea of paternalism is seen to be playing a crucial role. And the concept of paternalism is defined followed by discussing the normative issues along with the debate on paternalism.
The Relationship between Adolescent Sports and Mental Resilience in Shanghai

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between youth sports and mental resilience in Shanghai. Out of a total of 3,394 Adolescents from grade 7 to 12 in Shanghai city was selected by a general random sampling method, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using the document data technology, mathematical statistics, the Students' Personal Situation Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA) and the Physical activity Rating Scale (ParS-3). The results showed that male students had better mental resilience than female students.As for the degree of physical activity, the group with high amount of physical activity had the highest score of mental resilience, and there were significant differences in the three dimensions of goal focus, positive cognition and emotional control (All P
Hyper-Truncated Glycans Augment the Activity of Neutrophil Granule Myeloperoxidase

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays essential roles in neutrophil-mediated immunity via the generation of reactive oxidation products. Complex carbohydrates decorate MPO at discrete sites, but their functional relevance remain elusive. To this end, we have characterised the structure-biosynthesis-activity relationship of neutrophil MPO (nMPO). Mass spectrometry demonstrated that nMPO carries both characteristic under-processed and hyper-truncated glycans. Occlusion of the Asn355/Asn391-glycosylation sites and the Asn323-/Asn483-glycans, located in the MPO dimerisation zone, was found to affect the local glycan processing, thereby providing a molecular basis of the site-specific nMPO glycosylation. Native mass spectrometry, mass photometry, and glycopeptide profiling revealed significant molecular complexity of diprotomeric nMPO arising from heterogeneous glycosylation, oxidation, chlorination and polypeptide truncation variants, and a previously unreported low-abundance monomer. Longitudinal profiling of maturing, mature, granule-separated, and pathogen-stimulated neutrophils demonstrated that nMPO is dynamically expressed during granulopoiesis, unevenly distributed across granules and degranulated upon activation. We also show that proMPO-to-MPO maturation occurs during early/mid-stage granulopoiesis. While similar global MPO glycosylation was observed across conditions, the conserved Asn355-/Asn391-sites displayed elevated glycan hyper-truncation, which correlated with higher enzyme activities of MPO in distinct granule populations. Enzymatic trimming of the Asn355-/Asn391-glycans recapitulated the activity gain and showed that nMPO carrying hyper-truncated glycans at these positions exhibits increased thermal stability, polypeptide accessibility, and ceruloplasmin-mediated inhibition potential relative to native nMPO. Finally, structural modelling revealed that hyper-truncated Asn355-glycans positioned in the MPO-ceruloplasmin interface are critical for uninterrupted inhibition. Here, through an innovative and comprehensive approach, we report novel functional roles of MPO glycans, providing new insight into neutrophil-mediated immunity. Significance Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an important microbicidal glycoprotein critical for fighting pathogens. We report, for the first time, the intriguingly complex relationship between glycobiology and MPO immune function by demonstrating that uncommon and strategically positioned hyper-truncated glycans both elevate the activity and the inhibition potential of this pathogen-combating enzyme. We have used a multifaceted approach employing integrated biomolecular analytics to generate new insights into the sugar code of MPO. The findings described in this study improve our understanding of key innate immune processes and may guide future glycoengineering efforts aiming to generate therapeutically relevant recombinant MPO products with tuneable activity and inhibition potential tailored to biomedical applications involving persisting and severe pathogen infections.
Genome Sequence of Vibrio natriegens Phage vB_VnaS-AQKL99

Vibrio natriegens is a naturally occurring marine bacterium that is emerging as a microbiological model system. Here, we describe Aquatic Killer 99 (AQKL99), a novel phage that infects Vibrio natriegens 14048. The genome of the phage is 58,464 bp long, has a GC content of 45.9%, and contains 51 protein-coding genes. ABSTRACT Vibrio natriegens is a naturally occurring marine bacterium that is emerging as a microbiological model system. Here, we describe Aquatic Killer 99 (AQKL99), a novel phage that infects Vibrio natriegens 14048. The genome of the phage is 58,464 bp long, has a GC content of 45.9%, and contains 51 protein-coding genes.
A mobile localization method based on a robust extend Kalman filter and improved M-estimation in Internet of things

As the key technology for Internet of things, wireless sensor networks have received more attentions in recent years. Mobile localization is one of the significant topics in wireless sensor networks. In wireless sensor network, non-line-of-sight propagation is a common phenomenon leading to the growing non-line-of-sight error. It is a fatal impact for the localization accuracy of the mobile target. In this article, a novel method based on the nearest neighbor variable estimation is proposed to mitigate the non-line-of-sight error. First, the linear regression model of the extended Kalman filter is used to obtain the residual of the distance measurement value. After that, the residual analysis is used to complete the identification of the measurement value state. Then, by analyzing the statistical characteristics of the non-line-of-sight residual, the nearest neighbor variable estimation is proposed to estimate the probability density function of residual. Finally, the improved M-estimation is proposed to locate the mobile robot. Experiment results prove that the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithm are better than other methods in the mixed line-of-sight/non-line-of-sight environment. The proposed algorithm effectively inhibits the non-line-of-sight error.
An Exploratory Study on Improving Automated Issue Triage with Attached Screenshots

Issue triage is a manual and time consuming process for both open and closed source software projects. Triagers first validate the issue reports and then find the appropriate developers or teams to solve them. In our industrial case, we automated the assignment part of the problem with a machine learning based approach. However, the automated system’s average accuracy performance is 3% below the human triagers’ performance. In our effort to improve our approach, we analyzed the incorrectly assigned issue reports and realized that many of them have attachments with them, which are mostly screenshots. Such issue reports generally have short descriptions compared to the ones without attachments, which we consider as one of the reasons for incorrect classification. In this study, we describe our proposed approach to include this new piece of information for issue triage and present the initial results.
SAVER: Scalable, Precise, and Safe Memory-Error Repair

We present SAVER, a new memory-error repair technique for C programs. Memory errors such as memory leak, double-free, and use-after-free are highly prevalent and fixing them requires significant effort. Automated program repair techniques hold the promise of reducing this burden but the state-of-the-art is still unsatisfactory. In particular, no existing techniques are able to fix those errors in a scalable, precise, and safe way, all of which are required for a truly practical tool. SAVER aims to address these shortcomings. To this end, we propose a method based on a novel representation of the program called object flow graph, which summarizes the program's heap-related behavior using static analysis. We show that fixing memory errors can be formulated as a graph labeling problem over object flow graph and present an efficient algorithm. We evaluated SAVER in combination with Infer, an industrial-strength static bug-finder, and show that 74% of the reported errors can be fixed automatically for a range of open-source C programs.
Hanging by the Thread: An Empirical Study of Donations in Open Source

Open source plays a critical role in our software infrastructure. It is used in the creation of almost every product and makes it increasingly easy to create powerful software cheaply and quickly, which many companies benefit from. However, its importance and our dependence on it, are often not recognized [2] . Like all software projects, open source needs maintenance to fix bugs and adapt code to evolving technologies [12] . With increasing popularity, demands for maintenance and support work also rise, resulting in many requests and reported issues. How to supply all of the needed maintenance and development work is an open and sometimes controversial question.
Citrulline, A Potential Biomarker of Radiation-Induced Small Intestine Damage

Radiation damage assessment of the small intestine is important in nuclear accidents or routine radiotherapy of abdominal tumors. This article reviews the clinical symptoms and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced small intestinal damage and summarizes recent research on biomarkers of such damage. Citrulline is the most promising biomarker for the evaluation of radiation-induced small intestinal damage caused by radiotherapy and nuclear accidents. This article also summarizes the factors influencing plasma citrulline measurement investigated in the latest research, as well as new findings on the concentration of citrulline in saliva and urine after different types of radiation.
Analysis of the Essential Oils of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and E. viminalis Labill. as a Contribution to Fortify Their Insecticidal Application

The use of synthetic chemicals, with harmful effects on the environment and human health, is the principal strategy in the management of stored-product insect pests such as Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Sitophilus oryzae. Various studies in recent years have highlighted the possibility of using plant essential oils as available and low-risk factors in insect pest management. Therefore, in the present study, the possibility of controlling O. surinamensis and S. oryzae was investigated using Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus viminalis leaf essential oils. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves of the 2 Eucalyptus species, and the chemical compositions were determined by gas chromatographic-mass spectral analysis. The essential oil of E. camaldulensis was dominated by p-cymene (24.8%), cryptone (18.9%), and spathulenol (12.4%), while the major components in E. viminalis essential oil were 1,8-cineole (51.6%) and α-pinene (15.8%). The essential oils displayed promising fumigant toxicity against insect pests, which was positively dependent on utilized concentrations and exposure times. Oryzaephilus surinamensis, with low median lethal concentrations, was more susceptible than S. oryzae to the essential oils after 24, 48, and 72 hours. Also, E. viminalis essential oil, with a high level of insecticidal monoterpenes such as 1,8-cineole and α-pinene, was more toxic to insect pests than E. camaldulensis oil. According to the results of the current study, E. camaldulensis and E. viminalis essential oils, rich in insecticidal terpenes, can be alternative candidates to synthetic chemicals in the management of O. surinamensis and S. oryzae.
Genome Sequence of Bacillus megaterium O1, a Saponin-Degrading Bacterium

Bacillus megaterium strain O1 was isolated from a soapnut (Sapindus saponaria) surface and degrades Quillaja saponin as a sole carbon source. We report the draft genome sequence of B. megaterium O1, which has an estimated size of 5.1 Mb. Study of this isolate will provide insight into mechanisms of saponin degradation. ABSTRACT Bacillus megaterium strain O1 was isolated from a soapnut (Sapindus saponaria) surface and degrades Quillaja saponin as a sole carbon source. We report the draft genome sequence of B. megaterium O1, which has an estimated size of 5.1 Mb. Study of this isolate will provide insight into mechanisms of saponin degradation.
Does Fixing Bug Increase Robustness in Deep Learning?

Deep Learning (DL) based systems are utilized vastly. Developers update the code to fix the bugs in the system. How these code fixing techniques impacts the robustness of these systems has not been clear. Does fixing code increase the robustness? Do they deteriorate the learning capability of the DL based systems? To answer these questions, we studied 321 Stack Overflow posts based on a published dataset. In this study, we built a classification scheme to analyze how bug-fixes changed the robustness of the DL model and found that most of the bug-fixes can increase the robustness. We also found evidence of bug-fixing that decrease the robustness. Our preliminary result suggests that 12.5% and 2.4% of the bug-fixes in Stack Overflow posts caused the increase and the decrease of the robustness of DL models, respectively.
Timing of postemergence micro-rate applications based on growing degree days in sugarbeet

Postemergence (POST) herbicides must be applied in sugarbeet when weeds are less than 2.5 cm tall, or poor weed control will result. Multiple POST applications are usually required because of continued weed emergence. Frequent POST applications may injure sugarbeet and increase herbicide/application costs; however, too few applications may result in poor weed control and reduced sugarbeet yield and quality. This research determined if growing degree days (GDD) could be used to time postemergence herbicide applications. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were controlled in the growth chamber by three microrate herbicide treatments applied on seven day intervals, every 97 or 125 GDD (base temperature of 1.1o C). Two micro-rate applications also provided control of common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed when the first application was at 194 GDD (97 + 97 GDD), followed by the second application at 97 GDD (Table 1). Neither weed species was controlled by three micro-rate applications at 152 GDD, or when the first treatment was delayed until 250 GDD and only two micro-rates were applied. In the field, sugarbeets were planted April 5, April 19, and May 2 in 2001 and April 7, April 17, and May 1 in 2002. Micro-rate
Special Education Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Preparedness to Teach Students With Severe Disabilities in Inclusive Classrooms: A Saudi Arabian Perspective

Successful inclusive education for students with severe disabilities (SD) relies on the preparedness of their teachers. This descriptive study investigated special education teachers’ perceptions of their preparedness to teach students with SD in inclusive educational settings. A survey was sent to 382 teachers of such students. In general, findings indicate that participants were confident that they were prepared to teach students with SD in inclusive education. Findings also show that the lowest levels of confidence were reported by participants with the shortest working experience, participants who have taught students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities and those with multiple disabilities, participants who have taught in the lower grades, and those who have already taught in general classrooms. The practical implications of the findings are discussed for supporting successful implementation of inclusive education for students with SD in terms of improving special education teachers’ preparedness.