Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Considerations on an Inkjet-Printed Capacitive Position Sensor for Electrostatically Actuated Resonant MEMS-Mirror Systems

We present a systematic approach to enable an inkjet-printed capacitive position sensor for a resonant microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-mirror system in a smart packaging solution. We adopt systematic noise analysis and employ a stochastic (Bayesian) estimator for position reconstruction. In this way, we exploit prior knowledge of the system and its dynamics. We can thus demonstrate a way to achieve very high position resolutions of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {res}_{\text {pos}}<{50}~{\text {nm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The considered arrangement is a part of a Michelson interferometer setup and, as such, subject to concise specifications regarding resolution and accuracy. The measurement system’s analog front-end is designed in a carrier frequency setup. It enables a flexible choice of bandwidth and provides a measurement signal at a frequency well separated from that of the mirror actuation. The wide measurement range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r_{m} = {1000~}{\mu \text {m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, at an offset of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d_{0} = {1000}~{\mu \text {m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and the high required position resolution of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {res}_{\text {pos}}<{50}~{\text {nm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> present major challenges for the inkjet-printed capacitive sensor. To overcome noise limitations inflicted by the measurement and system setups, and to enable nanometer resolution independently of the measurement bandwidth extended Kalman filtering as Bayesian approach to statistical signal processing is suggested. Noise analysis and stochastic position estimation are applied to the MEMS-mirror system. Evaluations demonstrate the high achievable resolutions using extended Kalman filtering.
Green Femtocell Based on UWB Technologies

The rapid evolution of mobile communications through four generations of mobile communication, envisages the operation at 100Mb/s for mobile users and at 1Gb/s for stationary applications in the near future. The tremendous increase of data rates must be considered in the context of four decades of the mobile cellular technologies progress since its first introduction by the Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company (NTT) in the late 70's Rappaport (2002). On the other hand, fixed wireless communications are already available to provide over 300 Mbps raw data rates through wireless local area networks (LAN) protocols as 802.11n, and over 1Gbps through Ultra Wideband (UWB) in wireless personal area networks (PAN), see (ECMA-368), (ECMA-387). With the introduction of the femtocell concept Zhang (2010), new opportunities have been opened for approaching the 4G mobile vision through fixed mobile convergence (FMC). Femtocell Access Point (FAP), are low power access points that connect mobile terminal to the mobile core network using wired broadband or fixed broadband wireless technologies. The FAP provides viable opportunities for mobile operators, to meet the indoor coverage challenges for most demanding applications at low cost. We propose a novel concept of 4G femtocell, denoted a "Green Femtocell", and high level network architecture to support the new paradigm of FMC, in which convergence of 4G cellular with short-range wireless and wired are realized. The proposed approach paves the way of green framework in which increase by x100 in energy efficiency and x100 reduction of human exposure to wireless radiation become feasible. Our approach relies on radio-over-fiber and all-optical solutions that can already be considered "green" in offering reduced energy consumption to alternative wireless access solutions, see CELTIC Purple Book (2011). The new concept is based on the following novel technical and business entities (Fig. 1):  We introduce a green remote Home Access Node (HAN) that relays range of radio protocols, including UWB, WLAN, LTE-A, and IEEE 802.16m as radio signals over hybrid wireless-fiber media from 1.8 GHz to 10.6 GHz; with strict limitation of radiated power. Wireless radiation for indoor environments is reduced by 2-3 order of magnitudes, while potentially support target 1Gbps end-user data rates, by using dual-mode cellular-UWB for most common indoor applications. Indoor HAN should support mobile users at distances ranging from 0.3m to 30m over-the-air. For outdoor
Repairing Boolean regulatory networks using Answer Set Programming

Models of biological regulatory and signalling networks are increasingly used to formally describe and understand complex biological processes. Such models are often repaired whenever new observations become available, because the model cannot generate behaviours consistent with the new observations, or because the behaviours are contradictory. This process of model repair is often manual and therefore prone to errors. In this work, we describe biological regulatory and signalling networks using the Boolean formalism, where nodes are represented by Boolean variables denoting biological components and edges denote regulatory interactions between components. The evolution of each variable is defined by a Boolean function depending on the values of the regulators of the component. Here, we propose to repair the model by changing inconsistent functions, with four types of atomic repairs which can be further combined. The goal is to find the cardinality minimal set of repairs allowing the model to satisfy all available observations. The proposed method is implemented using Answer Set Programming (ASP) and is tested using data from Escherichia coli and Candida albicans organisms. Interestingly, the system finds adequate solutions to ensure consistency for all observations.
Structure of Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase Covalently Complexed to DNA*

Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) is a DNA repair enzyme that excises oxidized purines from damaged DNA. The Schiff base intermediate formed during this reaction betweenEscherichia coli Fpg and DNA was trapped by reduction with sodium borohydride, and the structure of the resulting covalently cross-linked complex was determined at a 2.1-Å resolution. Fpg is a bilobal protein with a wide, positively charged DNA-binding groove. It possesses a conserved zinc finger and a helix-two turn-helix motif that participate in DNA binding. The absolutely conserved residues Lys-56, His-70, Asn-168, and Arg-258 form hydrogen bonds to the phosphodiester backbone of DNA, which is sharply kinked at the lesion site. Residues Met-73, Arg-109, and Phe-110 are inserted into the DNA helix, filling the void created by nucleotide eversion. A deep hydrophobic pocket in the active site is positioned to accommodate an everted base. Structural analysis of the Fpg-DNA complex reveals essential features of damage recognition and the catalytic mechanism of Fpg.
System for control of limb straining in rehabilitation process

The paper deals with construction of rehabilitation insole for medical use. The purpose of its application is in time indication of rehabilitated leg overloading. The patient has to follow the limited burden of the injured leg at a certain stage of the rehabilitation process. As recommended by doctor, rehabilitation specialist defines partial load of limb from 10 kg to full load with adjustable insole support. Rehabilitation insole monitors loading of the leg and provide the feedback to the patient. The system is fully integrated and with the exception of charging it needs no special approach during application by the patient.
ALIGNMENT BETWEEN FLATTENED PROTOSTELLAR INFALL ENVELOPES AND AMBIENT MAGNETIC FIELDS

We present 350 μm polarization observations of four low-mass cores containing Class 0 protostars: L483, L1157, L1448-IRS2, and Serp-FIR1. This is the second paper in a larger survey aimed at testing magnetically regulated models for core-collapse. One key prediction of these models is that the mean magnetic field in a core should be aligned with the symmetry axis (minor axis) of the flattened young stellar object inner envelope (aka pseudodisk). Furthermore, the field should exhibit a pinched or hourglass-shaped morphology as gravity drags the field inward toward the central protostar. We combine our results for the four cores with results for three similar cores that were published in the first paper from our survey. An analysis of the 350 μm polarization data for the seven cores yields evidence of a positive correlation between mean field direction and pseudodisk symmetry axis. Our rough estimate for the probability of obtaining by pure chance a correlation as strong as the one we found is about 5%. In addition, we combine together data for multiple cores to create a source-averaged magnetic field map having improved signal-to-noise ratio, and this map shows good agreement between mean field direction and pseudodisk axis (they are within 15°). We also see hints of a magnetic pinch in the source-averaged map. We conclude that core-scale magnetic fields appear to be strong enough to guide gas infall, as predicted by the magnetically regulated models. Finally, we find evidence of a positive correlation between core magnetic field direction and bipolar outflow axis.
Optimized shape semantic graph representation for object understanding and recognition in point clouds

Abstract. To understand and recognize the three-dimensional (3-D) objects represented as point cloud data, we use an optimized shape semantic graph (SSG) to describe 3-D objects. Based on the decomposed components of an object, the boundary surface of different components and the topology of components, the SSG gives a semantic description that is consistent with human vision perception. The similarity measurement of the SSG for different objects is effective for distinguishing the type of object and finding the most similar one. Experiments using a shape database show that the SSG is valuable for capturing the components of the objects and the corresponding relations between them. The SSG is not only suitable for an object without any loops but also appropriate for an object with loops to represent the shape and the topology. Moreover, a two-step progressive similarity measurement strategy is proposed to effectively improve the recognition rate in the shape database containing point-sample data.
Shape Selection and Multi-stability in Helical Ribbons

Helical structures, almost ubiquitous in biological systems, have inspired the design and manufacturing of helical devices with applications in nanoelecromechanical systems, morphing structures, optoelectronics, micro-robotics, and drug delivery devices. Meanwhile, multi-stable structures, represented by the Venus flytrap and slap bracelet, have attracted increasing attention due to their applications in making artificial muscles, bio-inspired robots, deployable aerospace components, and energy harvesting devices. Here we show that the mechanical anisotropy pertinent to helical deformation, together with geometric nonlinearity associated with multi-stability, can lead to a selection principle of the geometric shape and multi-stability in spontaneous helical ribbons. Simple table-top experiments were also performed to illustrate the working principle. Our work will promote understanding of spontaneous curling, twisting, wrinkling of thin objects, and their instabilities. The proposed theoretical framework can also serve as a tool for developing functional structures and devices featuring tunable, morphing geometries and smart actuation mechanisms that can be applied in a spectrum of areas.
Decreased patency rates following endoscopic vein harvest in coronary artery bypass surgery

Abstract Objectives. Endoscopic vein harvest has gained widespread use in coronary artery bypass surgery. However, potential negative mid- and long-term effects following endoscopic vein harvest have been described. We aimed to compare long-term clinical outcomes following endoscopic and open vein graft harvesting. Design. This study was a clinical follow-up with additional computed tomographic coronary angiography among 126 first-time bypass patients originally included in a randomized study comparing early leg wound complications and cosmetic results. Deceased patients were retrospectively followed up. Results. Follow-up was complete, but information on clinical endpoints was not available in all patients. A total of 111 patients were alive at follow-up. Median observation time was 6.3 (range: 0.2–9.1) years including three in-hospital deaths. Vein graft failure was significantly higher in the endoscopic vein harvest (EVH) group (13 of 31; 42%) compared with the open vein harvest (OVH) group (2 of 32, 6%) (P = 0.001). However, this difference was not reflected by differences in recurrence of angina (P = 0.44), myocardial infarction (P = 0.11), and all-cause mortality (P = 0.15). Conclusions. Using a median follow-up time of 6.3 years significantly more vein graft failures were identified following EVH compared with OVH without any differences in long-term clinical outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01480726.
Detecting the change of customer behavior based on decision tree analysis

Abstract: Understanding and adapting to changes in customer behavior is an important aspect for survival in a continuously changing environment. This paper develops a methodology based on decision tree analysis to detect the change in classified customer segments automatically between two data sets collected over time. We first define three types of changes as the emerging pattern, the unexpected change and the added/perished rule. Then, similarity and difference measures are developed for rule matching to detect all types of change. Finally, the degree of change is developed to evaluate the amount of change. Our suggested methodology based on decision tree analysis in the change detection problem can be used in more structured situations in which the manager has a specific research question and it also detects the change of classification criteria in a dynamically changing environment. A Korean Internet shopping mall case is evaluated to represent the performance of our suggested methodology, and practical business implications for this methodology are also provided. We believe that the change detection problem and the suggested methodology will become increasingly important as more data mining applications are implemented.
Cure of HCV related liver disease

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic liver injury and can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV can also interact with the immune system to cause several HCV related disorders including essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, glomerulonephritis and lymphoma. A strong association between HCV and diabetes mellitus also exists. These extrahepatic features may lead to increased fatigue and a reduced quality of life. It is now possible to cure most patients with chronic HCV using oral antiviral therapy. Many of these HCV‐related disorders and symptoms can be cured when HCV is eradicated. However, some patients may have irreversible injury to extrahepatic sites, cirrhosis that cannot resolve, an increased risk for HCC, persistent fatigue and a reduced quality of life, despite achieving sustained virological response.
Predicting Breakdown of the Continuum Equations Under Rarefied Flow Conditions

The breakdown of the continuum equations of gas dynamics under conditions of rarefied flow is considered. The conditions of breakdown are of interest in assessing the physical accuracy of continuum solutions, in understanding the mathematical relations between different sets of continuum transport equations, and play a significant role in the development of hybrid methods that use both continuum and kinetic simulation techniques. A number of previous breakdown parameters are reviewed. A new method, based on kinetic theory analysis, is introduced for detecting conditions where the continuum approach is valid. Continuum breakdown is discussed in detail for gas expansions and shock waves by considering the basic physical phenomena involved in each case. Success of the breakdown parameters for these flows is assessed. It is shown that continuum breakdown in gas expansions and shock waves proceeds through different physical mechanisms that are best predicted by different types of breakdown parameters. The new .
Low iPTH Can Predict Vascular and Coronary Calcifications in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

Background: There is substantial evidence that low levels of serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) are associated with vascular calcium deposition and subsequent increased cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the serum iPTH level, and vascular and coronary artery calcifications (VCs, CACs) and arterial stiffness in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 93 PD patients were included. VCs, CACs and arterial stiffness were measured by simple X-rays of the hands and pelvis, multi-slice coronary CT and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV). Results: Patients were divided into 3 groups according to iPTH levels. The prevalence of severe VCs (VC score ≧3) was highest in the low iPTH group (<150 pg/ml). In multivariate analysis, the presence of diabetes mellitus and a low iPTH were shown to be significant risk factors for severe VCs. In addition, a simple VC score of ≧1 was a significant variable for predicting severe CACs (CAC score ≧400). Conclusion: Low iPTH and the presence of diabetes mellitus are thought to be independent risk factors for predicting VCs. VCs determined by simple X-ray can further predict the coexistence of CACs that ultimately might contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in PD patients.
Quantifying blood glucose level using S11 parameters

This paper presented a method of quantifying blood glucose level using pocket vector network analyzer by measuring the skin S-11 figure of merits or parameters. The researcher uses a spiral microstrip antenna, a pocket vector network analyzer, and an SAS JMP statistical tool. Two female subjects with different ages, have 20kgs difference in weight, a body mass index difference of 4.78 and have a difference in health conditions in terms of body glucose level and both are tested using non-invasive and invasive blood glucose measurement methods. Through analyzing all sets of data between the frequency spectrum from 10Hz to 1GHz, a correlation between skin extracted S11 parameters and blood glucose level using invasive monitoring system was seen in the range of 460MHz to 480MHz. It is observed that the skin impedance is directly proportional to the glucose measurement in the certain range of frequency and gives a high coefficient of determination of 99.95% and with a root mean square error of 7.71 %.
Is Self-Referral Associated with Higher Quality Care?

OBJECTIVE To assess the extent to which patients self-refer to cancer specialists and whether self-referral is associated with better experiences and quality of care. DATA SOURCES Data from surveys and medical record abstraction collected through the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance Consortium. STUDY DESIGN Observational study of patients with lung and colorectal cancer diagnosed from 2003 through 2005 in five geographically defined regions and five integrated health care delivery systems. METHODS Multivariable logistic regression models used to assess factors associated with self-referral and propensity score-weighted doubly robust models to test the association between self-referral and experiences/quality of care. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Among 5,882 patients, 9.7 percent of lung cancer patients and 14.9 percent of colorectal cancer patients self-referred to at least one cancer specialist. Black patients were less likely to self-refer than white patients (odds ratio: 0.48, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.35, 0.64); patients with high incomes (vs. low) and with a college degree (vs. non-high school graduates) were significantly more likely to self-refer. Self-referral was associated with lower ratings of overall physician communication for patients with lung cancer but, conversely, higher odds of curative surgery among patients with stage I/II lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS A small but significant proportion of patients self-referred to their cancer specialists; rates varied by patient race and socioeconomic status. To the extent that self-referral is associated with quality, it may reinforce disparities in care.
A Sensorless Implementation of the Parabolic Current Control for Single-Phase Stand-Alone Inverters

Parabolic current control is an attractive current control method with fast transient response and constant switching frequency. Due to the good dynamics of the parabolic current control, it can be employed in voltage source inverters to improve the system performance such as minimizing the distortion of current waveforms or voltage waveforms. To implement the parabolic current control, a current sensor is required, associated with the current conditioning circuit and parabolic carrier generators. Since the parabolic current control is based on the real-time information of the inductor current, any phase delay or propagation delay of the sensor itself and the conditioning circuitry, or limited resolution of parabolic carrier generators, could impact the current control performance. Since the parabolic current control compares analog signals to generate the required control signals, noise from the control board impacts the control precision as well. This paper will explore solutions to these problems. First, the inductor current of the voltage source inverter is analyzed and the parabolic current control strategy is studied, then a sensorless parabolic current control method is proposed. The new sensorless parabolic control method utilizes a current emulator to rebuild the inductor current on a microcontroller. To avoid a dc offset on the ac-side output voltage caused by the current emulator, an additional control loop in the current emulator is added. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is experimentally verified by the use of an H-bridge voltage source inverter.
Methylation Reprogramming and Chromosomal Aneuploidy in In Vivo Fertilized and Cloned Rabbit Preimplantation Embryos1

Abstract Active demethylation of the paternal genome but not of the maternal genome occurs in fertilized mouse, rat, pig, and bovine zygotes. To study whether this early demethylation wave is important for embryonic development, we have analyzed the global methylation patterns of both in vivo-fertilized and cloned rabbit embryos. Anti-5-methylcytosine immunofluorescence of in vivo-fertilized rabbit embryos revealed that the equally high methylation levels of the paternal and maternal genomes are largely maintained from the zygote up to the 16-cell stage. The lack of detectable methylation changes in rabbit preimplantation embryos suggests that genome-wide demethylation is not an obligatory requirement for epigenetic reprogramming. The methylation patterns of embryos derived from fibroblast and cumulus cell nuclear transfer were similar to those of in vivo-fertilized rabbit embryos. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific BACs demonstrated significantly increased chromosomal aneuploidy rates in cumulus cell nuclear transfer rabbit embryos and embryos derived from nuclear transfer of rabbit fibroblasts into bovine oocytes compared with in vivo-fertilized rabbit embryos. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was correlated with subsequent developmental failure. We propose that postzygotic mitotic errors are one important explanation of why mammalian cloning often fails.