Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary xylanase increases hepatic vitamin E concentration of chickens fed wheat based diet

The study examined the effect of xylanase supplementation on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and hepatic vitamin E and carotenoids in broiler chickens fed wheat based diets. A total of one hundred forty four male Ross 308 chickens were used in this study. Birds were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments (8 cages per treatment of 6 male broilers each) for 14 days from 7 to 21 day old. The control treatment was based on wheat-soyabean meal and was either unsupplemented or supplemented with either 1000 or 2000 xylanase units per kg diet. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to test linear response to dietary xylanase activity. There was a positive linear relationship (P < 0.05) between dietary AME and doses of supplementary xylanase. A linear relationship (P < 0.05) was also observed between dosage of xylanase supplementation and hepatic vitamin E concentration and retention. In conclusion, xylanase supplementation improved dietary AME and increased hepatic vitamin E concentration which may have positive effects on the antioxi-dative status of the birds.
Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry and Silver-Enhanced In Situ Hybridization Results for HER 2 / neu Manually and with Image Analysis System in Human Breast Cancer

Objective: HEr2/neu (ErbB2) gene status is one of the important information while planing terapy in breast carcinoma. For HEr2/ neu testing there is not standart assay that has been agreed on. Silver enhanced in situ hybridization is a cantitative and highly reproducible assay. Immunohistochemistry is a cheap and easy assay that has disadvantage of being less reproducible. recently developed pathologist assisted computerized image analysis systems decrease the ratio of subjectivity due to manual evaluation, enable tele-consultation and make it easy to evaluate tumor morphology and markers. Our aim is to investigate the consistency of manual and computerized interpretation of the results of immunohistochemistry and silver enhanced in situ hybridization. Material and Method: Immunohistochemisty and silver enhanced in situ hybridization of 73 invasive breast carcinoma results were evaluated manually to determine HEr2/neu status. Later, silver enhanced in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry results were reevaluated with Ventana Image Analysis System. Afterwards correlation of both methods with image analysis system and manuel interpretation were calculated. Result: All cases were score 2 with immunohistochemistry. With image analysis system, 5 cases were score 1, 56 cases were score 2 and 12 cases were score 3. When in situ hybridization results were reevaluated with image analysis system, 6 cases were discordant compared with manual interpretation. Conclusion: The correlation rate of immunohistochemistry interpretation results between manuel method and image analysis system was %76; but silver enhanced in situ hybridization interpretation results between manuel method and image analysis system were %91 concordant and it was statistically significant (k= 0.832 and p<0.001).
Mode selection in swirling jet experiments: a linear stability analysis

The primary goal of the study is to identify the selection mechanism responsible for the appearance of a double-helix structure in the pre-breakdown stage of so-called screened swirling jets for which the circulation vanishes away from the jet. The family of basic flows under consideration combines the azimuthal velocity profiles of Carton & McWilliams (1989) and the axial velocity profiles of Monkewitz (1988). This model satisfactorily represents the nozzle exit velocity distributions measured in the swirling jet experiment of Billant et al. (1998). Temporal and absolute/convective instability properties are directly retrieved from numerical simulations of the linear impulse response for different swirl parameter settings. A large range of negative helical modes, winding with the basic flow, are destabilized as swirl is increased, and their characteristics for large azimuthal wavenumbers are shown to agree with the asymptotic analysis of Leibovich & Stewartson (1983). However, the temporal study fails to yield a clear selection principle. The absolute/convective instability regions are mapped out in the plane of the external axial flow and swirl parameters. The absolutely unstable domain is enhanced by rotation and it remains open for arbitrarily large swirl. The swirling jet with zero external axial flow is found to first become absolutely unstable to a mode of azimuthal wavenumber $m\,{=}\,{-}2$, winding with the jet. It is suggested that this selection mechanism accounts for the experimental observation of a double-helix structure.
Optical and photoelectron spectroscopy studies of KPb 2 Cl 5 and RbPb 2 Cl 5 laser crystals

0925-3467/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.optmat. 2012.10. 042 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: i.n. ogorodnikov@gmail.com (I.N. O The paper presents the results of experimental study of electronic structure of RbPb2Cl5 and KPb2Cl5 laser crystals performed by the optical and photoelectron spectroscopy methods. On the basis of the optical absorption and low-temperature reflection spectra of these crystals we have determined the energy positions of the edges of the low-energy tail of the host absorption, the positions of the first excitonic absorption peaks, and exciton binding energies. The bandgap widths of these crystals at 8 K were estimated as Eg = 4.83 and 4.79 eV, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of RbPb2Cl5 and KPb2Cl5 crystals were made on the basis of the core states photoelectron spectra. The elemental composition of the (001) surfaces of the crystals, the chemical state of the host atoms, the electronic structure of the valence band of the crystals were discussed on the basis on the spectroscopic data. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Использование SMT-решателей для анализа систем ограничений на .NET-типы

Аннотация—Точный анализ поведения объектноориентированного кода в изоляции от точек его вызова может потребовать рассуждений о взаимоотношениях открытых типов. В работах Кеннеди и Пирса подробно изучены номинальные системы типов с вариантностью, показана неразрешимость подтипирования закрытых типов и предложены ограничения на систему типов, делающие задачу разрешимой. Открытые типы, тем не менее, остаются неизученными, и все еще не существует разрешающей процедуры для задачи выполнимости системы ограничений на открытые типы. В данной работе представлен алгоритм, сводящий задачу выполнимости системы ограничений на . NET-типы к задаче выполнимости предложений логики первого порядка. Исследована его завершаемость и показано, что результирующие логические кодировки принадлежат к разрешимому фрагменту логики первого порядка.
AN EMPIRICAL MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO EXTRACT AND RANK MULTI-WORD PRODUCT NAMES USING

Entity Extraction or product name extraction is a suitable premise for sentiment analysis. A sentiment discovers opinion of the customers on the product stated in the sentence. Extracting product names using the existing approaches from the customer’s reviews are not exact most of the time. Almost many existing approaches mainly lack in addressing the product name having multiple words or sequence of words (multi-word). When compared with single word named products, extracting opinion on multi-word named products are non-trivial task as customer use either full name or part of the product name (sub-word) in product reviews. Therefore, it is the foremost challenging task in sentiment analysis to recognize appropriate complete name of a specific product using the sub-word names. Secondly, the multi-word named products or sub-word named products may occur anywhere in the review sentences, the position of the product names cannot be predicted in advance. It may occur in the beginning, middle or at the end and also with any number of times. So, identifying the position of these product names is another key issue. Therefore, this research attempt to design a novel automated improved Context Information Weight (iCIW) approach to resolve the exiting issues. The iCIW assimilates the concept of lexicon and statistical approach. The proposed iCIW model is more suitable for document analysis related to medical reports, product details repository and political documents. The experimental result reveals that the proposed method performs very efficient than existing approaches in multi-word named product extraction.
Removal of Active Man-made Orbital Debris – A Great Challenge to Space Scientists

After more than fifty five years of space activities, the sky above the Earth being highly polluted with orbital debris, has become the cause of serious concern for safe placement of satellites in the desired orbits as well as in their safe functioning. Orbital or Space debris are the fragmented parts of nonfunctional satellites and used rockets orbiting the Earth at speeds of up to several kilometers per second. Satellites are placed in different orbits for performing different functions, majority of which are at Low Earth Orbit (LEO) up to altitude of 2000 kilometers, some are in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) up to altitude of 36000 kilometers and few are also in High Earth Orbit (HEO). More than 7000 man-made objects launched in various orbits around the Earth since the dawn of space age, about 2/3 rd of these are in LEO. It is estimated that there are now roughly 5 lakh pieces of orbital debris available of which nearly 3.7 lakhs debris present in LEO are of the size between 1 cm to 10 cm while nearly 22000 debris are of the size greater than 10 cm. Due to high impact speed in space, even sub millimeter debris poses risk of collision and severe damaging of the satellite placed already in orbit or to be placed in future. Since the risk of collision is growing super-linearly due to ‘Kessler Syndrome’ and is of great concern to all satellite operating nations, sincere effort to reduce orbital debris is getting importance. Active removal of existing large objects like non-functional space craft and residues of lunch vehicle from orbit at least five numbers per year can prevent future problems. There are substantial technical, economic, political and legal barriers to develop, deploy and operate active debris removal systems. Hesitation arises due to similarities between space debris removal systems and space weapons. The system which can remove the nonfunctional space object from the orbit can also remove the useful one of others. Efforts are going on to develop different debris capture systems to reduce debris accumulation in almost all orbits, from low to geostationary altitudes. Space scientists have to face a great challenge for smooth running of their space program. All space-faring nations have to reach a Consensus on Active Debris Removal (ADR), Cooperate for removal of debris of space craft of different countries, Collaborate like a single entity to achieve the goal and Contribute in cost sharing for preserving the space for future generation.
Powerful narrow-line source of blue light for laser cooling Yb/Er and Dysprosium atoms

This report for the first time presents the results of parameter optimisation of ultra-narrow-linewidth frequency-doubled CW Ti:Sapphire lasers pumped with 12.5-18.5 W of 532-nm light. Proposed laser systems are designed for atom cooling and provide output radiation power of more than 1.5 W at 399/401 nm (Ytterbium/Erbium) and more than 1 W at 421 nm (Dysprosium) pumped at 18.5 W. The output power of single-frequency radiation at 421 nm achieved during the present work is the highest published to-date for a commercially available system achieving a 10 kHz linewidth.
Supervisão no Ensino Superior Online: que Práticas?

Nos atuais cenários digitais, destacamos as especificidades do ensino online em particular no ensino superior e respetivos docentes para procurarmos identificar e compreender necessidades de práticas supervisivas, capazes de promover a colaboração entre docentes visando o seu desenvolvimento profissional. O conceito de supervisão pedagógica tem sido utilizado sobretudo em contextos relacionados com a formação inicial de professores e com o desenvolvimento profissional de docentes do ensino não superior. Paralelamente, o desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes do ensino superior tem privilegiado critérios de desempenho científico menorizando os de natureza pedagógica. É, por isso, fundamental explorar o conceito de supervisão no contexto do ensino online no ensino superior. No presente artigo, tomamos como referência os conceitos de supervisão pedagógica e desenvolvimento profissional docente. A partir deles, realiza-se uma análise exploratória que visa a identificação e análise de práticas de supervisão em contextos online de ensino e aprendizagem, apontando-se subsídios sobre esta temática.
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental U.S.

North Atlantic sea surface temperatures for 1856–1999 contain a 65–80 year cycle with a 0.4 °C range, referred to as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) by Kerr [2000]. AMO warm phases occurred during 1860–1880 and 1940–1960, and cool phases during 1905–1925 and 1970–1990. The signal is global in scope, with a positively correlated co‐oscillation in parts of the North Pacific, but it is most intense in the North Atlantic and covers the entire basin there. During AMO warmings most of the United States sees less than normal rainfall, including Midwest droughts in the 1930s and 1950s. Between AMO warm and cool phases, Mississippi River outflow varies by 10% while the inflow to Lake Okeechobee, Florida varies by 40%. The geographical pattern of variability is influenced mainly by changes in summer rainfall. The winter patterns of interannual rainfall variability associated with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation are also significantly changed between AMO phases.
Tensile strength of highly oriented polyethylene. II. Effect of molecular weight distribution

The tensile strength of oriented polyethylene filaments is discussed in relation to molecular weight. Short-term tensile properties at room temperature were obtained in our laboratory and from the literature for polymer samples covering the molecular weight (Mw) range from 54 × 103 to 4 × 106, and polydispersities ranging from 1.1 to 15.6, oriented by solid-state extrusion, melt spinning/drawing, solution spinning/drawing, and “surface growth. ” It was found that both the molecular weight and its distribution markedly affected tensile strength. The breaking stress σ of highly oriented fibers varied with molecular weight roughly as σ ∝, M0.4, at constant Mw/Mn over the entire range studied. Reduction of polydispersity from 8 to 1.1 by an increase of Mn with Mw approximately constant at 105 increased tensile strength of oriented polyethylene filaments by a factor of nearly 2.
Development of Acurate Phase Unwrapping Algorithm for Noisy Images Obtained by Interferometer

Over the last few years increasing attention has been focused on phase unwrapping on account of the interest of this technique in various scientific branches: from optical shape reconstruction to medical analysis and geological surveys [1]. Two-dimensional (2D) phase unwrapping denotes the retrieval of the original (unwrapped) phase φ starting from the corresponding restricted (wrapped) phase ψ in the (-π, π) interval. Phase unwrapping is not a straightforward step because of the possible presence of different error sources and problems such as: • Low signal-to-noise ratio of the fringes caused by electronic noise, speckle noise, or a low fringe modulation. • Violation of Shannon’s theorem. • Object discontinuities [2].
Midtveisevaluering av Sivas Inkubatorprogram og Næringshageprogram

Centre for Applied Research at NHH På oppdrag fra Siva har Mohnsenteret for innovasjon og regional utvikling ved Høgskulen på Vestlandet, sammen med Ideas2Evidence og Samfunnsog næringslivsforskning (SNF) gjennomført en midtveisvaluering av Inkubatorprogrammet og Næringshageprogrammet. Evalueringen dekker perioden 2012-2016. Inkubatorprogrammet skal ha et særlig søkelys på oppstartbedrifter med vekstpotensial, mens næringshageprogrammet inkluderer et bredere spekter av bedrifter. I vår evaluering finner vi at de lokale inkubatorene har et betydelig innslag av nystartede og ambisiøse virksomheter innenfor kunnskapsintensive bransjer, og at operatørene og bedriftene i hovedsak er lokalisert til sentrale områder. Næringshageprogrammet på sin side synes å oppfylle intensjonen om å være et virkemiddel «fortrinnsvis for distriktene», og det er en variert sammensetning av bedrifter knyttet til næringshagene. En betydelig del av de tilknyttede målbedriftene ser også ut til å ha potensial for videre utvikling. Evalueringen tyder altså på at de to programmene treffer sine målgrupper både når det gjelder operatører og bedrifter. Vår evaluering viser også at programmene evner å gjøre en forskjell for de bedriftene som rekrutteres inn, og at utviklingen i bedriftene styrkes. I tillegg bidrar programmene også, gjennom de lokale operatørene, til å bygge lokal kapasitet på det å fasilitere entreprenørskap og bedriftsutvikling. I tillegg til å avdekke hvordan programmene virker, gir evalueringen også en rekke anbefalinger for en videreutvikling av programmene. Midtveisevaluering av Sivas Inkubatorprogram og Næringshageprogram
Self-consistent solutions to the intersubband rate equations in quantum cascade lasers: Analysis of a GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs device

The carrier transition rates and subband populations for a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum cascade laser operating in the mid-infrared frequency range are calculated by solving the rate equations describing the electron densities in each subband self-consistently. These calculations are repeated for a range of temperatures from 20 to 300 K. The lifetime of the upper laser level found by this self-consistent method is then used to calculate the gain for this range of temperatures. At a temperature of 77 K, the gain of the laser is found to be 34 cm−1/(kA/cm−2), when only electron–longitudinal-optical phonon transitions are considered in the calculation. The calculated gain decreases to 19.6 cm−1/(kA/cm−2) when electron–electron transition rates are included, thus showing their importance in physical models of these devices. Further analysis shows that thermionic emission could be occurring in real devices.
A Numerical Description of a Fibre Reinforced Concrete Using a Genetic Algorithm

Abstract—This work reports about an approach for an automatic adaptation of concrete formulations based on genetic algorithms (GA) to optimize a wide range of different fit-functions. In order to achieve the goal, a method was developed which provides a numerical description of a fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) mixture regarding the production technology and the property spectrum of the concrete. In a first step, the FRC mixture with seven fixed components was characterized by varying amounts of the components. For that purpose, ten concrete mixtures were prepared and tested. The testing procedure comprised flow spread, compressive and bending tensile strength. The analysis and approximation of the determined data was carried out by GAs. The aim was to obtain a closed mathematical expression which best describes the given seven-point cloud of FRC by applying a Gene Expression Programming with Free Coefficients (GEP-FC) strategy. The seven-parametric FRC-mixtures model which is generated according to this method correlated well with the measured data. The developed procedure can be used for concrete mixtures finding closed mathematical expressions, which are based on the measured data.
Resonance-broadened Transit Time Damping of Particles in MHD Turbulence

As a fundamental astrophysical process, the scattering of particles by turbulent magnetic fields has its physical foundation laid by the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence theory. In the framework of the modern theory of MHD turbulence, we derive a generalized broadened resonance function by taking into account both the magnetic fluctuations and nonlinear decorrelation of turbulent magnetic fields arising in MHD turbulence, and we specify the energy range of particles for the dominance of different broadening mechanisms. The broadened resonance allows for scattering of particles beyond the energy threshold of the linear resonance. By analytically determining the pitch-angle diffusion coefficients for transit time damping (TTD) with slow and fast modes, we demonstrate that the turbulence anisotropy of slow modes suppresses their scattering efficiency. Furthermore, we quantify the dependence of the relative importance between slow and fast modes in TTD scattering on (i) particle energy, (ii) plasma β (the ratio of gas pressure to magnetic pressure), and (iii) damping of MHD turbulence, and we also provide the parameter space for the dominance of slow modes. To exemplify its applications, we find that among typical partially ionized interstellar phases, in the warm neutral medium slow and fast modes have comparable efficiencies in TTD scattering of cosmic rays. For low-energy particles, e.g., sub-Alfvénic charged grains, we show that slow modes always dominate TTD scattering.
Chapter 1 General Hydraulic Geometry

Employing bed load formulae hydraulic geometry relations were derived for stream width, meander wave length, and bed slope. The relations are in terms of friction factor, bed load discharge, bed load diameter, and water discharge. The bed load formulae are those of Engelund and Hansen (1966) [1], Einstein (1950) [2], Shields (1936) [3], and Mey‐ er-Peter and Muller (1948) [4].
Fault Detection of Networked Control Systems with Packet Dropout

Abstract Fault detection of networked control systems with packet dropouts in both sensor-to-controller link and controller-to-actuator link is discussed in this paper. Two types of packet dropouts are considered. One is packet dropout characterized by a Bernoulli process, the other is characterized by a Markov chain. According to the system configuration, packet dropout in the sensor-to-controller link is known to the fault detection system, therefore a time varying parity space based residual generator which is fully decoupled from this influence is designed. Robustness to packet dropout in the controller-to-actuator link which is unknown is achieved by an adaptive threshold. Due to the known probability properties of the residual signal in parity space approach, upper bounds of false alarm rates of the designed thresholds are also given, which are very difficult to obtain in existent observer based fault detection approaches of networked control systems with packet dropout. It is verified that the proposed fault detection approach can also be realized by diagnostic observers by employing the relationship between parity vectors and observers.