Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tables And Figures

TABLES 1. Change and persistence of neighborhood type over time of study 32 2. Housing projects in the five neighborhoods studied 56 3. Mom-and-pop stores’ ethnic ownership, ethnic clientele, and establishment type over time in the five neighborhoods 116 4. Patterns of time frequenting mom-and-pop stores by gender, age, and economic status 124 5. Hair shops’ ethnic ownership, ethnic clientele, and establishment type over time in the five neighborhoods 180 6. Demographic characteristics of Los Angeles neighborhood gangs over time 252 7. Demographic characteristics of neighborhood gangs in the Bronx over time 254 8. Demographic characteristics of neighborhood gangs in Brooklyn over time 256 9. Neighborhood high schools 303 A1. Five neighborhoods 358
EEG registration during ventricular tachycardia and resuscitation.

We report a 68-year-old man who developed ventricular tachycardia (VT) during 21-lead EEG monitoring (figure and video). The EEG developed slowing and reduction in amplitude of higher frequency elements after 40 seconds of VT, whereas this is known to occur within 30 seconds in case of asystole.1 EEG activity returned several seconds after initiation of chest compressions, reflecting an increase in cerebral perfusion. A similar observation has previously been reported in a patient with asystole who also underwent chest compressions during EEG registation.2 EEG registration of resuscitation during ventricular tachycardia is rare. In our case, resuscitation was successful and the patient recovered well. This case illustrates how promptly initiated basic life support can help maintain cerebral perfusion and metabolism during life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia.
Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Time to Update the Classifications.

BACKGROUND The management of aggressive and progressing metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is very difficult, and the determination as to when such patients are refractory to 131I therapy (e.g., radioiodine refractory) is problematic and controversial. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to discuss (i) the present major classifications of radioiodine refractory disease in DTC, (ii) factors that should be considered before designating a patient's DTC as radioiodine refractory, (iii) potential approaches and caveats to help manage and minimize a patient's exclusion from an 131I therapy that may have potential benefit in patients with aggressive and progressing metastatic DTC, (iv) next steps for revision of the classifications of radioiodine refractory DTC, and (v) areas for future research. SUMMARY To date, the classifications of radioiodine refractory DTC, although very useful, are not sacrosanct especially in the context of individualized patient management, and merely because a patient meets one or more of the various classifications, one should not consider by definition, fiat, or de facto that that a patient's DTC is radioiodine refractory. Rather, each patient should be individually managed with a good understanding of the limitations of the various classifications and potential approaches to help manage that patient. With awareness of the suggestions and caveats discussed herein and with assessment of the many other factors that affect the patient's specific clinical situation, the managing physician can deliver appropriate individualized patient care. A multi-organizational committee should be established as a standing committee to supervise and assist in the update of the classifications of radioiodine refractory DTC, including discussions of their limitations. CONCLUSION Classifications to help determine radioiodine refractory disease will continue to evolve as (i) more studies are published, (ii) managing physicians better understand the limitations and confounding factors of present classifications, and (iii) new agents either increase or reestablish 131I uptake.
α-Neurexins Together with α2δ-1 Auxiliary Subunits Regulate Ca2+ Influx through Cav2.1 Channels

Action potential-evoked neurotransmitter release is impaired in knock-out neurons lacking synaptic cell-adhesion molecules α-neurexins (αNrxns), the extracellularly longer variants of the three vertebrate Nrxn genes. Ca2+ influx through presynaptic high-voltage gated calcium channels like the ubiquitous P/Q-type (CaV2.1) triggers release of fusion-ready vesicles at many boutons. α2δ Auxiliary subunits regulate trafficking and kinetic properties of CaV2.1 pore-forming subunits but it has remained unclear if this involves αNrxns. Using live cell imaging with Ca2+ indicators, we report here that the total presynaptic Ca2+ influx in primary hippocampal neurons of αNrxn triple knock-out mice of both sexes is reduced and involved lower CaV2.1-mediated transients. This defect is accompanied by lower vesicle release, reduced synaptic abundance of CaV2.1 pore-forming subunits, and elevated surface mobility of α2δ-1 on axons. Overexpression of Nrxn1α in αNrxn triple knock-out neurons is sufficient to restore normal presynaptic Ca2+ influx and synaptic vesicle release. Moreover, coexpression of Nrxn1α together with α2δ-1 subunits facilitates Ca2+ influx further but causes little augmentation together with a different subunit, α2δ-3, suggesting remarkable specificity. Expression of defined recombinant CaV2.1 channels in heterologous cells validates and extends the findings from neurons. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings show that Nrxn1α in combination with α2δ-1, but not with α2δ-3, facilitates Ca2+ currents of recombinant CaV2.1 without altering channel kinetics. These results suggest that presynaptic Nrxn1α acts as a positive regulator of Ca2+ influx through CaV2.1 channels containing α2δ-1 subunits. We propose that this regulation represents an important way for neurons to adjust synaptic strength. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Synaptic transmission between neurons depends on the fusion of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, which subsequently activates postsynaptic receptors. Influx of calcium ions into the presynaptic terminal is the key step to trigger vesicle release and involves different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels. We study the regulation of calcium channels by neurexins, a family of synaptic cell-adhesion molecules that are essential for many synapse properties. Using optical measurements of calcium influx in cultured neurons and electrophysiological recordings of calcium currents from recombinant channels, we show that a major neurexin variant facilitates calcium influx through P/Q-type channels by interacting with their α2δ-1 auxiliary subunits. These results propose a novel way how neurons can modulate the strength of distinct synapses.
Preliminary Measurements of Magnetic Nanoparticles as Potential Biomarkers for Impedance Flow Cytometry

This paper investigates whether magnetic nanoparticles may be used as potential biomarkers for impedance flow cytometers. Wideband measurements of coil filled with Fe304 and Gd2O3nanoparticles show that the magnetic nanoparticles can provide missing contrast to the electrical sensing. Specificity can be achieved by employing different kinds of nanoparticles. The measurements with coplanar waveguide, which is commonly used for cell size and granularity assessment, show that magnetic nanoparticles do not affect significantly the sensor readouts, which should allow to keep the existing sensing methods intact.
Better collisions and faster cloth for Pixar's Coco

Among the many technical challenges of Pixar's Coco was the need to handle cloth simulation for a densely populated city of skeleton characters. Skeletons posed new challenges to the collision algorithms of our in-house cloth system, Fizt. Continuous collision detection and response is an obvious solution to handling fast motion of thin geometry, but it presents us with a serious problem. In our production pipeline, geometry often starts in intersection. Animation also frequently causes kinematic surfaces to pinch the cloth between them and drive the cloth through itself. We present a solution for robustly allowing intersection recovery while employing standard continuous detection techniques. Coco also demanded more cloth than any previous Pixar film. To keep up with demand, Fizt needed to run much faster. We share our techniques for gaining performance in linear system assembly and solution, which should be applicable to most implicit solvers.
TGF-Beta Signaling in Bone with Chronic Kidney Disease

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling is not only important in skeletal development, but also essential in bone remodeling in adult bone. The bone remodeling process involves integrated cell activities induced by multiple stimuli to balance bone resorption and bone formation. TGF-β plays a role in bone remodeling by coordinating cell activities to maintain bone homeostasis. However, mineral metabolism disturbance in chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in abnormal bone remodeling, which leads to ectopic calcification in CKD. High circulating levels of humoral factors such as parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23, and Wnt inhibitors modulate bone remodeling in CKD. Several reports have revealed that TGF-β is involved in the production and functions of these factors in bone. TGF-β may act as a factor that mediates abnormal bone remodeling in CKD.
Discovering software vulnerabilities using data-flow analysis and machine learning

We present a novel method for static analysis in which we combine data-flow analysis with machine learning to detect SQL injection (SQLi) and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in PHP applications. We assembled a dataset from the National Vulnerability Database and the SAMATE project, containing vulnerable PHP code samples and their patched versions in which the vulnerability is solved. We extracted features from the code samples by applying data-flow analysis techniques, including reaching definitions analysis, taint analysis, and reaching constants analysis. We used these features in machine learning to train various probabilistic classifiers. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we built a tool called WIRECAML, and compared our tool to other tools for vulnerability detection in PHP code. Our tool performed best for detecting both SQLi and XSS vulnerabilities. We also tried our approach on a number of open-source software applications, and found a previously unknown vulnerability in a photo-sharing web application.
Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts

Dental follicle stem/progenitor cells have the potential to undergo osteogenesis. naked cuticle homolog 2 (Nkd2) is a signal-inducible feedback antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the function of Nkd2 in the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DFSCs) into osteoblasts. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed to detect Nkd2 expression in rat DFSCs. In addition, rat DFSCs (rDFSCs) were transfected with small interfering RNAs to examine the effect of Nkd2 on the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts. Furthermore, the function of Nkd2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rDFSCs was investigated using β-catenin/T-cell factor luciferase activity assays and western blotting. It was revealed that the expression of Nkd2 was upregulated during the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation ability and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity were significantly decreased in Nkd2-silenced rDFSCs compared with the si-NC group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). The results suggest that Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts through Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Micro-RNA-137 Inhibits Tau Hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Targets the CACNA1C Gene in Transgenic Mice and Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) results in cognitive impairment. The calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha-1 C CACNA1C gene encodes an alpha-1 C subunit of L-type calcium channel (LTCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of micro-RNA-137 (miR-137) and the CACNA1C gene in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic AD mice and in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Material/Methods Six-month-old APP/PS1 double-transgenic AD mice (N=6) and age-matched normal C57BL/6 mice (N=6) underwent a Morris water maze (MWM) test, expression levels of amyloid-β (Aβ), LTCC, the CACNA1C gene, and miR-137 were measured in the rat hippocampus and cerebral cortex in both groups of mice. A luciferase assay was used to evaluate the effect of miR-137 on the expression of CACNA1C in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Western blotting was used to detect the CACNA1C, phosphorylated-tau (p-tau), and Aβ proteins. Results In APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice, spatial learning and memory was significantly reduced, levels of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 were increased in the serum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex, expression levels of miR-137 were reduced, expression of CACNA1C protein was increased in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, compared with normal control mice. miR-137 regulated the expression of the CACNA1C gene. Increased expression levels of p-tau (Ser202, Ser396, and Ser404) induced by Aβ1–42 were inhibited by miR-137 mimics in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Conclusions In a transgenic mouse model of AD, miR-137 and expression of the CACNA1C gene inhibited the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein.
Biorthogonality for a Lazy language

In this paper we extend the technique of biorthogonality for proving the correctness of a compiler for a lazy language, which, as far as we know, has only been preliminary explored by Rodríguez [19]. One of the technical difficulties arising in this context is the sharing of the heap between the realizer and the test. We significantly extend the language considered by Rodríguez by adding integer numbers and products, which may be used as a test case for tackling other data-types. Our language does not yet support recursive definitions.
Effect of acetamiprid on the immature murine testes

ABSTRACT Neonicotinoids, such as acetamiprid (ACE), a pesticide used worldwide, are believed to be safe for human use. These molecules are structurally similar to nicotine, act as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, and were shown to be associated with neuromuscular and reproductive disorders, but these experiments were primarily performed in mature animals. In this study, the effects of ACE on the testes of immature mice were examined. The exposure of 3-week-old mice to ACE-containing water for 180 days led to a decrease in body weight and mildly affected spermatogenesis. Additionally, the expression of testosterone-metabolism genes, nAChR subunit genes, and proliferation-associated genes decreased in the testes of ACE-treated mice. Our results show that immature rodents may be less sensitive to ACE than mature ones, that mice may be more likely to accumulate ACE than rats, and that the development of disorders may be affected by the accumulation of ACE in the testes.
Is Choice Overload Replicable?

Consumers’ motivation and satisfaction for purchase decrease, as a displayed repertoire of goods increase, a phenomenon termed as choice overload. Although many previous studies have reported failures in replicating this phenomenon, I consider that it is because cognitive load imposed on participants has not been manipulated effectively. Therefore, this study aimed at specifying a condition that reliably elicits the choice overload phenomenon by imposing various degrees of cognitive load on participants. When participants performed the ranking task for photographic images (alternatives) presented simultaneously, where they could compare them one another anytime with relatively low cognitive load, the choice overload did not occur (Experiment 1). However, when the images were presented sequentially, where participants had to compare them based on memory representations with relatively high cognitive load, the choice overload did occur (Experiment 2). These results suggest that the choice overload is actually replicable when cognitive load is sufficiently boosted.
ToGather: Automatic Investigation of Android Malware Cyber-Infrastructures

The popularity of Android, not only in handsets but also in IoT devices, makes it a very attractive target for malware threats, which are actually expanding at a significant rate. The state-of-the-art in malware mitigation solutions mainly focuses on the detection of malicious Android apps using dynamic and static analysis features to segregate malicious apps from benign ones. Nevertheless, there is a small coverage for the Internet/network dimension of Android malicious apps. In this paper, we present ToGather, an automatic investigation framework that takes Android malware samples as input and produces insights about the underlying malicious cyber infrastructures. ToGather leverages state-of-the-art graph theory techniques to generate actionable, relevant and granular intelligence to mitigate the threat effects induced by the malicious Internet activity of Android malware apps. We evaluate ToGather on a large dataset of real malware samples from various Android families, and the obtained results are both interesting and promising.
TDOA-Based Multiple Acoustic Source Localization Without Association Ambiguity

Multiple source localization using time-differences of arrival (TDOAs) is challenging because of the ambiguity involved in associating the TDOAs computed across microphone pairs to the sources. We show that the association ambiguity of the TDOAs can be effectively resolved using the concept of an inverse delay interval region (IDIR), which we introduce in this paper. By examining the association between a spatial domain and the TDOAs, we define IDIR as an interhyperboloidal spatial region corresponding to an interval of delays for a given pair of microphones. The proposed scheme for localizing multiple sources involves two stages. In the first stage, the given enclosure is partitioned into nonoverlapping elemental regions and the ones that contain a source are detected using a measure based on the generalized cross-correlation with phase transform and the IDIRs. In the second stage, the sources are finely localized within each of the detected elemental regions by identifying the IDIRs containing a single source and a novel region-constrained localization approach. We evaluate the performance of the proposed approach on real recordings from the AV16.3 corpus and in a simulated reverberation setting with a reverberation time RT60 of up to 500 ms, and show that the DOA estimation error with two active speakers is within 2° and the spatial localization error is less than 30 cm for each speaker.
A Novel Fan-Out Concept for Ultra-High Chip-to-Chip Interconnect Density with 20-µm Pitch

The rapid growth of data bandwidth required between logic and memory chips for next generation device nodes is progressively pushing low I/O count serial busses to their limits. To further satisfy this increasing need for high data rates, wider I/O count busses are now being developed and established. Over the past years, various Fan-Out Wafer-Level-Packaging (FOWLP) approaches have been developed to answer the needs mentioned above and the increasingly demanding function integration on package. Imec has been working on a novel 300mm Fan-Out Wafer-Level-Packaging concept that enables 20µm pitch interconnect density. Results from experiments demonstrates wafer bow below 500µm after molding on silicon substrate with ultra-low die shift with maximum die to carrier mismatch below 10µm on full 300mm wafers. Further warpage and die shift evolution are expected depending on the process steps the wafers must go through and will be further discussed.
A novel CALM algorithm in student profiling

Computational intelligence plays a significant role in the improvement of the learning process. Student profile provides an overview of personality and establishes a connection between the abilities and learning preferences. The objective of the present study is to develop an algorithmic approach to student profiling in the selection of subjects and profession. A calculative associative logical memorable (CALM) algorithm is proposed which integrates calculative thinking, association, logical perception, and memorizing features. The developed CALM approach is also validated by including the environmental and social constraints. The validation outcomes claim that the CALM is able to design a noble student profiling framework which leads to further improvement in the quality of the learning process.
On Two Strong Converse Theorems for Stationary Discrete Memoryless Channels

In 1973, Arimoto proved the strong converse theorem for the discrete memoryless channels stating that when transmission rate $R$ is above channel capacity $C$, the error probability of decoding goes to one as the block length $n$ of code word tends to infinity. He proved the theorem by deriving the exponent function of error probability of correct decoding that is positive if and only if $R>C$. Subsequently, in 1979, Dueck and K\"orner determined the optimal exponent of correct decoding. Arimoto's bound has been said to be equal to the bound of Dueck and K\"orner. However its rigorous proof has not been presented so far. In this paper we give a rigorous proof of the equivalence of Arimoto's bound to that of Dueck and K\"orner.
Ladle Furnace Slag Characterization Through Hyperspectral Reflectance Regression Model for Secondary Metallurgy Process Optimization

In steelmaking process, close control of slag evolution is as important as control of steel composition. However, to date, there are no industrially consolidated techniques that allow us fast and in-situ analysis of the chemical composition of the slag, as in the case of steel with optical emission spectrometer spectrometers. In this work, a method to analyze spectral reflectance of ladle furnace slag samples to estimate their composition is proposed. This method does not require sample preprocessing and is based on a regression algorithm that mathematically maps the spectral reflectance of the slag with its actual composition with errors lower than 10%. Specifically designed normalization and calibration steps have been proposed to allow us a global model training with data from different locations. This allows us real-time monitoring of the thermo-dynamical state of the steel process by feeding a thermodynamic equilibrium optimization model. The optimizer minimizes the cost to reach the target steel quality with lower energy and additive costs. The system has been validated on several ArcelorMittal locations achieving process savings of 0.71 € per liquid steel tons.
First survey of Interstitial molluscs from Cayo Nuevo, Campeche Bank, Gulf of Mexico

Abstract Six sediment samples weighing between 224–735 g were collected in June of 2016 from Cayo Nuevo reef, located at the Campeche Bank, southern Gulf of Mexico. Samples were collected by SCUBA diving, from were two stations at depths of 7.6 and 18.2 m. Sediment was sieved and molluscs (adults and micromolluscs ≤ 10 mm) were sorted, examined, and identified to the lowest taxonomic level. A total of 1,347 specimens was found, of which 224 shells were dead and 1,123 were alive. Thirty-four families, 53 genera, and 67 species were identified. The most abundant families were Chamidae and Arcidae for the Bivalvia class, and Caecidae and Tornidae for the Gastropoda class. The vertical range of Bentharca sp. was extended.