Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A spontaneous ankle deformity in an inbred strain of mouse

A spontaneous subluxation and subsequent dislocation of the bones of the ankle has been described in the males of an inbred strain of mouse (STR/ORT). It consisted of a gradual elevation of the calcaneum which eventually came to lie along the distal end of the tibia after 6--8 mth. The astragalus rotated forward. Articulations with the navicular and tarsal bones were severely disrupted with the accompanying development of peri-articular calcifications and ossifications. With one exception the arthropathy only occurred in male mice. Of the male members of the colony over the age of 3 mth, 26.7 per cent. had at least one ankle affected. Possible aetiological factors are discussed.
Zebrafish as a systems toxicology model for developmental neurotoxicity testing

The developing brain is extremely sensitive to many chemicals. Exposure to neurotoxicants during development has been implicated in various neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Although rodents have been widely used for developmental neurotoxicity testing, experiments using large numbers of rodents are time‐consuming, expensive, and raise ethical concerns. Using alternative non‐mammalian animal models may relieve some of these pressures by allowing testing of large numbers of subjects while reducing expenses and minimizing the use of mammalian subjects. In this review, we discuss some of the advantages of using zebrafish in developmental neurotoxicity testing, focusing on central nervous system development, neurobehavior, toxicokinetics, and toxicodynamics in this species. We also describe some important examples of developmental neurotoxicity testing using zebrafish combined with gene expression profiling, neuroimaging, or neurobehavioral assessment. Zebrafish may be a systems toxicology model that has the potential to reveal the pathways of developmental neurotoxicity and to provide a sound basis for human risk assessments.
Indications for renal revascularization--the landscape after the ASTRAL study.

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CAC schemes taking advantage of additional information

Generally speaking, the parameter-based call admission control (CAC) approaches are conservative and lead to low network utilization since they use a worst-case model to ensure complete commitment conformance. Even if additional information of the new connection is available, they cannot take advantage of it. In this paper, we introduce some enhancements to the existing parameter based CAC algorithms for those applications in which one or two simple additional traffic characteristics are available, i.e. mean rate of the new connection and its rate variance. As well as showing how to do this, we give the reasons why we do this. We show that with these simple additional parameters, a much higher network utilization can be achieved. The numerical results demonstrate that the number of calls admitted to the network with our schemes is very close to (even equals) the best value.
New distances combination for facial expression recognition from image sequences

This paper propose a new method of facial expression recognition from image sequences taking into consideration only the first and the last frames, that represent respectively the neutral state and the emotion state. Our proposed method is based on calculating six distances from eleven points of the face. These points are detected and tracked using supervised decent method, and refer to the four internal parts of the face (eyebrows, eyes, nose, and mouth). After that, two data mining techniques are used to classify facial expression into emotion, taking as input dynamic feature vector deducted from the six distances previously calculated in the first and the last frames. Our method achieved a best recognition rate of 98% in the CK+ database, and 80.6% in the OULU-CASIA VIS database.
Identification of individual structural fragments of N,N'-(bis-5-nitropyrimidyl)dispirotripiperazine derivatives for cytotoxicity and antiherpetic activity allows the prediction of new highly active compounds.

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were (i) to apply computer-based technologies to evaluate the structure of 48 N,N'-(bis-5-nitropyrimidyl)dispirotripiperazines which belong to a new class of highly active antiviral compounds binding to cell surface heparan sulphates, (ii) to understand the chemical- biological interactions governing their activities, and (iii) to design new compounds with strong antiviral activity. METHODS The logarithm of 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC(50)) in GMK cells, of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) against herpes simplex virus type 1, and of selectivity index (SI = CC(50)/IC(50)) was used to develop quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) based on simplex representation of molecular structure. The QSAR model was applied to design new compounds. Two of these compounds were synthesized, physico-chemically characterized and tested for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity. RESULTS Statistic characteristics for partial least squares models allow the prediction of CC(50), IC(50) and SI values. The QSAR results demonstrate a high impact of individual structural fragments for antiviral activity. Molecular fragments that promote and interfere with antiviral activity were defined on the basis of the obtained models. Electrostatic factors (38%) and hydrophobicity (34%) were the most important determinants of antiherpetic activity. Using the established method, new potential dispirotripiperazine derivatives were computationally designed. Two of these computationally designed compounds were synthesized. The biological test results confirm the computationally predicted values of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS The established QSAR model is suitable for the design of new antiherpetic compounds and prediction of their activity.
Peripheral Blood Stem Cells for Allogeneic Transplantation: A Review

Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) have become increasingly popular for use in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PBSCs are readily collected by continuous‐flow apheresis from patients and healthy donors after the administration of s.c. recombinant colony‐stimulating factors with only minimal morbidity and discomfort.
Crowdsourced Top-k Queries by Confidence-Aware Pairwise Judgments

Crowdsourced query processing is an emerging processing technique that tackles computationally challenging problems by human intelligence. The basic idea is to decompose a computationally challenging problem into a set of human friendly microtasks (e.g., pairwise comparisons) that are distributed to and answered by the crowd. The solution of the problem is then computed (e.g., by aggregation) based on the crowdsourced answers to the microtasks. In this work, we attempt to revisit the crowdsourced processing of the top-k queries, aiming at (1) securing the quality of crowdsourced comparisons by a certain confidence level and (2) minimizing the total monetary cost. To secure the quality of each paired comparison, we employ two statistical tools, Student's t-distribution estimation and Stein's estimation, to estimate the confidence interval of the underlying mean value, which is then used to draw a conclusion to the comparison. Based on the pairwise comparison process, we attempt to minimize the monetary cost of the top-k processing within a Select-Partition-Rank framework. Our experiments, conducted on four real datasets, demonstrate that our stochastic method outperforms other existing top-k processing techniques by a visible difference.
Lipoprotein Lipase Links Dietary Fat to Solid Tumor Cell Proliferation

Many types of cancer cells require a supply of fatty acids (FA) for growth and survival, and interrupting de novo FA synthesis in model systems causes potent anticancer effects. We hypothesized that, in addition to synthesis, cancer cells may obtain preformed, diet-derived FA by uptake from the bloodstream. This would require hydrolytic release of FA from triglyceride in circulating lipoprotein particles by the secreted enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and the expression of CD36, the channel for cellular FA uptake. We find that selected breast cancer and sarcoma cells express and secrete active LPL, and all express CD36. We further show that LPL, in the presence of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, accelerates the growth of these cells. Providing LPL to prostate cancer cells, which express low levels of the enzyme, did not augment growth, but did prevent the cytotoxic effect of FA synthesis inhibition. Moreover, LPL knockdown inhibited HeLa cell growth. In contrast to the cell lines, immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of LPL and CD36 in the majority of breast, liposarcoma, and prostate tumor tissues examined (n = 181). These findings suggest that, in addition to de novo lipogenesis, cancer cells can use LPL and CD36 to acquire FA from the circulation by lipolysis, and this can fuel their growth. Interfering with dietary fat intake, lipolysis, and/or FA uptake will be necessary to target the requirement of cancer cells for FA. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(3); 427–36. ©2011 AACR.
Au th or ' s p er so na l co py A new perspective on isochore evolution

The genomes of mammals and birds show dramatic variation in base composition over large scales, the so called isochore structure of the genome. The origin of isochores is still controversial: various neutral and selectionist models have been proposed – and criticized – since the discovery of isochores in the 1970s. The availability of complete mammalian genomes has yielded new opportunities for addressing this question. In particular, it was recently proposed that (i) the isochore structure is declining in many mammalian groups, and that (ii) GC-content is influenced by local recombination rate, possibly via the mechanism of GC-biased gene conversion. In this article we review the existing support for these two hypotheses, and discuss how they can be combined to provide a new perspective on isochore evolution. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Rate of Change of Torque Sensor

A sensor having an output signal indicative of the time rate of change (ROC) of torque is described. Operating on the same magnetoelastic principles as polarized band torque transducers except for the replacement of field intensity sensors with flux linking multiturn coils, ROC sensors respond exclusively to the variational components of the torque. ROC sensors provide unmatched sensitivity to small and rapid torque variations exposing detail often lost in the noise and bandwidth limitations of more complex and more costly torque transducers
Mechanical testing of a new osteotomy design for tibial tuberosity advancement using the Modified Maquet Technique

Summary Objectives: To evaluate the mechanical properties of the distal cortical hinge associated with a new osteotomy design for the Modified Maquet Technique (MMT). Study design: Ex vivo mechanical study. Methods: The osteotomy was started 10 mm caudal to the tibial tuberosity and extended over 150% of the length of the tibial crest; it was slightly curved distally to stay at a distance of 2 to 4 mm from the cranial cortex, according to the body weight. Ninety-six tibiae were tested in advancement, and 60 tibiae were axially loaded perpendicular to the tibial plateau, until failure of the crest. Desired advancement was measured using the common tangent method in 60 tibiae. Angle of opening, thickness, and area of the cortical hinge were recorded. Results: Desired advancement of 6 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm was recorded in 16, 12, 18 and 14 tibiae respectively. Mean maximal advancement in these bones was 15.6 ± 6.4 mm, 20.8 ± 5.2 mm, 21.3 ± 5.2 mm and 22.7 ± 5.2 mm respectively. The desired advancement was reached in all but one tibia. Advancement was mainly influenced by the angle of opening and the stiffness of the cortical hinge. Mean ultimate load to failure was 6.12 ± 2.4 times the body weight. It was significantly associated with the body weight, thickness, and area of the cortical hinge. Clinical relevance: Mean maximal advancement was higher than clinically required without occurrence of fissure or fracture. Ultimate load to failure and maximal advancement could be predicted using calculated formulae.
Asthme allergique induit par un allergène d’acarien, House Dust Mite (HDM) : rôles de la caspase-1 et de la protéine kinase C thêta (PKC-θ)

Des etudes menees au laboratoire avaient demontre un role critique de l’inflammasome NLRP3 dans l’asthme allergique en reponse a l’ovalbumine en absence d’adjuvant. Mes travaux de these ont porte sur le role de NLRP3 et de la caspase-1 dans un modele murin d’inflammation pulmonaire induite par l’allergene d’acarien HDM. Nous avons montre un role regulateur de la caspase-1 dependant de l’inflammasome NLRP3 et la molecule adaptatrice ASC mais pas de l’inflammasome NLRC4. Cette regulation de la reponse allergique se caracterise par une augmentation de l’infiltration des eosinophiles, de l’hyperreactivite bronchique et de la production des cytokines de type Th2 telles que l’IL-4, l’IL-5, l’IL-13 et l’IL-33 dans les poumons. Nous avons montre que les mecanismes responsables de cette regulation sont associes a l’IL-33 produite par les macrophages et que la neutralisation de l’IL-33 par administration locale de la proteine de fusion au recepteur ST2 (muST2-Fc) attenue les caracteristiques de l’asthme allergique. Ces resultats suggerent que l’activation de la caspase-1 reduit la production d’IL-33 in vivo et regule ainsi la reponse l’inflammation pulmonaire induite par HDM et la reponse Th2. D’autre part, nous nous sommes interesses au role de la Proteine Kinase C theta (PKC-θ) dans ce meme modele d’inflammation pulmonaire. Nous avons demontre que PKC-θ joue non seulement un role protecteur dans l’asthme allergique mais egalement un role critique pour la proliferation et l’activation des cellules lymphoides innees (ILC2). D’autre part, l’inhibition de PKC-θ in vivo par administration orale de son inhibiteur specifique C20 (BIX02656) attenue l’inflammation pulmonaire et la production d’IL-5 et d’IL-13. Nous suggerons que PKC-θ est impliquee dans la differenciation des Th2 et des ILC2 via un mecanisme dependant des facteurs de transcription IRF4 et NFAT-1. Au total, mes travaux de these mettent en exergue deux molecules IL-33 et PKC-θ qui pourraient constituer des cibles therapeutiques potentielles.
Disappearance of isocapnic buffering period during increasing work rate exercise at high altitude

Background At sea level, ventilation kinetics are characterized during a ramp exercise by three progressively steeper slopes, the first from the beginning of exercise to anaerobic threshold, the second from anaerobic threshold to respiratory compensation point, and the third from respiratory compensation point to peak exercise. In the second ventilation phase, body CO2 stores are used to buffer acidosis owing to lactate production; it has been suggested that this extra CO2 production drives the ventilation increase. At high altitude, ventilation increases owing to hypoxia. We hypothesize that ventilation increase reduces body CO2 stores affecting ventilation kinetics during exercise. Design In eight healthy participants, we studied the ventilation kinetics during an exercise performed at sea level and at high altitude (4559 m). Methods We used 30 W/2 min step incremental protocol both at sea level and high altitude. Tests were done on a cycloergometer with breath-by-breath ventilation and inspiratory and expiratory gas measurements. We evaluated cardiopulmonary data at anaerobic threshold, respiratory compensation point, peak exercise and the VE/VCO2 slope. Results At high altitude: (a) peak VO2 decreased from 2595 ± 705 to 1745 ± 545 ml/min (P < 0.001); (b) efficiency of ventilation decreased (VE/VCO2 slope from 25 ± 2 to 38 ± 4, P < 0.0001); (c) at each exercise step end-tidal pressure change for CO2 was lower; and (d) the isocapnic buffering period disappeared in seven over eight participants and was significantly shortened in the remaining participant. Conclusion Exercise performed at high altitude is characterized by two, instead of three, ventilation slopes.
Et pourquoi pas une explication non représentationnelle de l'action motrice? Considérations neurophénoménologiques

Dans leur ouvrage, Jacob et Jeannerod offrent une explication de l’action motrice qui interpose un intermédiaire représentationnel entre l’entrée sensorielle et la sortie motrice. Nous doutons de la nécessité d’expliquer ainsi l’action motrice. Nous procéderons en deux étapes pour appuyer ce doute : nous proposerons d’abord une explication dynamique de l’action motrice pour ensuite montrer qu’elle peut se passer du concept de représentation.
Dynamic Service Adaptation Architecture

This paper proposes a software architecture for dynamical service adaptation. The services are constituted by reusable software components. The adaptation’s goal is to optimize the service function of their execution context. For a first step, the context will take into account just the user needs but other elements will be added. A particular feature in our proposition is the profiles that are used not only to describe the context’s elements but also the components itself. An Adapter analyzes the compatibility between all these profiles and detects the points where the profiles are not compatibles. The same Adapter search and apply the possible adaptation solutions: component customization, insertion, extraction or replacement.
Staying good while playing God – Looking after animal welfare when applying biotechnology

Animal breeding was, until the beginning of the twentieth century, a relatively uncontrolled activity based mainly on the animal’s physical appearance. The early animal breeders did not really have the knowledge and tools to predict and control what they were doing. This changed in the first half of the twentieth century, when Mendelian genetics was applied in farm animal breeding. Later, the second half of the twentieth century saw the development of new forms of animal biotechnology such as the freezing of semen, embryo transfer, in vitro fertilization, gene transfer and cloning – all of which allow scientists and breeders even greater control over future animals.
Associations between vitamin D, vitamin D receptor gene and the androgen receptor gene with colon and rectal cancer

The transcriptional activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is regulated, at least in part, by the androgen receptor (AR) gene. We evaluate how the number of polyglutamine (CAG) repeats of the AR gene influence colorectal cancer in conjunction with vitamin D, sunshine exposure and VDR. Studies of colon (1,580 cases and 1,968 controls) and rectal (797 cases and 1,016 controls) cancer were used. Vitamin D intake and average hours of sunshine exposure interacted with AR genotype in men. Men with low vitamin D intake or low levels of sunshine exposure who had 23+ CAG repeats of the AR gene had the greatest risk of colon cancer. ORs for men with 23 or more CAG repeats of the AR gene and in the lowest tertile of vitamin D intake or sunshine exposure were 1.71 (95% CI 1.14, 2.56) and 1.51 (95% CI 1.09, 2.09). Men with high levels of sunshine exposure were at reduced risk of developing rectal cancer if they had 23 or more CAG repeats (OR 0.62 95% CI 0.39, 0.97) than if they had fewer than 23 CAG repeats. The FF genotype of the Fok1 VDR gene was associated with reduced risk of colon cancer among women with any allele of 23+ CAG repeats (OR 0.62 95% CI 0.44, 0.88), whereas men with the LL/bb VDR genotypes were at reduced risk of rectal cancer if they also had 23+ CAG repeats (OR 0.71 95% CI 0.48, 1.05) relative to men with fewer than 23 CAG repeats of the AR gene. These data provide support for the role of vitamin D and sunshine exposure in the etiology of colorectal cancer and suggest that AR gene may modulate the association. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
AUDITING THE TPACK CAPABILITIES EDUCATION STUDE NTS: ARE THEY READY CENTURY?

The expectations for teacher education graduates having appropriate information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities to meet the challenges of learning and teaching in the 21st cen tury tomorrow's teachers will enter their profession with those ICT capabilities framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TP Koehler, 2006, AACTE Com the study undertaken in 2009 of final year students in two Universities in Queensland, Australia. The findings are compared with those reported in an earlier study ( 2004) which found that there was a participants expressed high levels of competence. Importantly, high percentages of participants perceived themselves to have no competence with applications such as multimedia development, vis particularly stimulating for learning outcomes in their future students. Furthermore, participants’ self-perception of their confidence to integrate ICT into student learning also revealed that the percentage of participants who rated themselves as having no or limited confidence with particular integration examples was of concern. summary of some of the findings of the TP in 2009, which reveal important insights to inform the review and design of teacher education programs to more directly address TPACK capabilities. teacher education programs tend to have been designed using Pedagogical Content Knowl edge (PCK) (Shulman, 1986, 1987) where students undertake studies in a range of curriculum (content, disciplinary) courses, pedagogy courses, and professional studies (practicum, Internship) courses, and this is now insufficient as TP needed.
Diphosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain enhances the tension acting on stress fibers in fibroblasts

Regulation of the contractile force is crucial for cell migration, cell proliferation, and maintenance of cell morphology. Phosphorylation of the myosin II regulatory light chain (MRLC) is involved in these processes. To show whether the diphosphorylation of MRLC increases the tension acting on stress fibers, changes in the stiffness of fibroblasts expressing wild‐type MRLC and a mutant type, which cannot be diphosphorylated, on treatment with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) were examined by a mechanical‐scanning probe microscope (M‐SPM). The LPA treatment increased cellular stiffness in the wild‐type MRLC expressing cells, while it had no effect on the mutated cells. Immunostaining showed that LPA stimulation induced the diphosphorylation of MRLC. These results suggest that the diphosphorylation of MRLC enhances the tension acting on stress fibers. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 726–731, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.