Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influences of light and temperature on membrane potential and respiratory viability of an aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Erythrobacter sp. JL475

Flow cytometry’s (FCM) measurement of membrane potential (MP) and cell respiration viability based on continuous culture was used to investigate the responses of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAPB) in the heterotrophic growth and regulation mechanism of photosynthesis to environmental changes. An AAPB strain Erythrobacter sp. JL475 and a non-AAPB strain Erythrobacter sp. JL316 were used as the experimental bacteria, both of which were isolated from the South China Sea. The results showed that light-cultured AAPB showed higher MP and biomass at 10°C, suggesting an obvious stimulation of light on AAPB growth. By contrast, dark-cultivated JL475 had higher MP and biomass at higher temperature (20, 30 and 40°C). The rate of heterotrophic respiration at different temperature environment ranked as follows: dark-cultivated JL316 > dark-cultivated JL475 > light/dark cycling cultivated JL475. Light undoubtedly increased the cell viability of AAPB, especially of apoptosis cells. The CTC+% at different carbon concentration ranked as follows: light/dark cycling cultivated JL475 > dark-cultivated JL316 > dark-cultivated JL475. It was concluded that the heterotrophic respiration would played a key role in energy metabolism of AAPB, photosynthesis may provide an advantage for AAPB to survive in a variety of diverse environments. Key words: Flow cytometry, aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, membrane potential, respiration
Behavioral Discrimination between Monogyne and Polygyne Red Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in their Native Range

ABSTRACT Nestmate recognition among social insects is presumed to restrict non-nestmates from exploiting nest resources. Here, we developed aggression bioassays to assess the discrimination behaviors of both polygynous and monogynous forms of the red fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, during symmetrical interactions in neutral arenas. Workers from polygyne colonies exhibited risk avoidance behaviors; that is, defensive postures or the avoidance of direct contact during interactions. Workers from monogyne colonies always exhibited aggressive behaviors in the form of physical or chemical attacks. In interactions between both, monogyne workers usually started the aggression by surrounding and biting the polygyne ants. Polygyne S. invicta workers also distinguished nestmates from foreigners, but their response was not as aggressive as that of monogynes. The proposed ethogram that we constructed identified monogyne and polygyne forms of S. invicta colonies in concordance with current measures, including number of queens, and expression of the Gp-9 gene.
Calcium content of crustacean zooplankton and its potential role in species distribution

SUMMARY 1. The occurrence and species composition of crustacean zooplankton in Norwegian lakes was related to ambient Ca concentrations, pH, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, and to the presence/absence of other zooplankters and a planktivorous fish (roach: Rutilus rutilus). 2. Ambient Ca concentrations appeared to influence the distribution of Daphnia species: Daphnia longispina often occurred in Ca-rich lakes with low fish-predation pressure while the smaller Daphnia cristata often occurred in opposite conditions. 3. Body Ca contents were measured in zooplankters from a wide range of localities, to examine Ca requirements and thus the potential for Ca-limitation of common species. 4. All Daphnia species had relatively high specific Ca contents [ranging from 0.8 to 4.4% Ca dry weight (DW)−1] compared with other cladocerans and also copepods (ranging from 0.1 to 0.4% Ca DW−1). Within the Daphnia genus, the specific Ca content increased with increasing body size of the species, and thus the large-bodied species had especially high Ca demands. 5. Because of their high Ca demands, species of Daphnia could be competitively disadvantaged in softwater lakes relative to less Ca-demanding species.
Alzheimer's Disease-Current Research

CURRENT RESEARCH problem in social skills and basic self care abilities (Morris, 1996). In moderate stage, there will be gross impairment of recent memory, disorientation, inability to handle money, inability to do routine activities without supervision, difficulties in self care functions and behavioural/personality abnormalities. The advanced stage is signified by marked cognitive decline, and progressive regression of the patient to an infantile stage needing total care.
Cattle Grazing and Vegetation Succession on Burned Sagebrush Steppe

Abstract There is limited information about the effects of cattle grazing to longer-term plant community composition and herbage production following fire in sagebrush steppe. This study evaluated vegetation response to cattle grazing over 7 yr (2007–2013) on burned Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis [Beetle & Young] Welsh) steppe in eastern Oregon. Treatments, replicated four times and applied in a randomized complete block design, included no grazing on burned (nonuse) and unburned (control) sagebrush steppe; and cattle grazing at low (low), moderate (moderate), and high (high) stocking on burned sagebrush steppe. Vegetation dynamics were evaluated by quantifying herbaceous (canopy and basal cover, density, production, reproductive shoot weight) and shrub (canopy cover, density) response variables. Aside from basal cover, herbaceous canopy cover, production, and reproduction were not different among low, moderate, and nonuse treatments. Perennial bunchgrass basal cover was about 25% lower in the low and moderate treatments than the nonuse. Production, reproductive stem weight, and perennial grass basal cover were greater in the low, moderate, and nonuse treatments than the control. The high treatment had lower perennial bunchgrass cover (canopy and basal) and production than other grazed and nonuse treatments. Bunchgrass density remained unchanged in the high treatment, not differing from other treatments, and reproductive effort was comparable to the other treatments, indicating these areas are potentially recoverable by reducing stocking. Cover and production of Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) did not differ among the grazed and nonuse treatments, though all were greater than the control. Cover and density of A.t. spp. wyomingensis did not differ among the burned grazed and nonuse treatments and were less than the control. We concluded that light to moderate stocking rates are compatible to sustainable grazing of burned sagebrush steppe rangelands.
Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit

blindness answered by Renaldo, ranging from what he thinks of soccer and the broccoli on his plate to why he uses a cane and how he identifies money. There is also a listing of national resources that address blindness and visual impairments. The strength of the book lies as much in its presentation of the complexity of any child's life and personality, whether disabled or not, as it does in its teaching about blindness. It is filled with positive images that break down not only disability stereotypes, but gender and ethnic stereotypes as well. It is useful to the individual reader, and also serves as an excellent impetus for group discussions about disabilities. Seven other books are available in this series, dealing with medical conditions, disabilities, child abuse, drugs, and divorce.
Population Growth and Movements of Canada Geese in New Haven County, Connecticut, during a 25-Year Period

Abstract. In the last few decades, Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) have become established in metropolitan areas throughout North America. From 1984 through 2009, Canada Geese in New Haven County, Connecticut, were banded as goslings (HY geese) and adults (AHY), and their movements and recruitment into the local breeding population were documented. During this period, the number of Canada Geese increased several fold in Connecticut. Geese were non-migratory; most recoveries (85%) of banded Canada Geese came from Connecticut, and 76% came from New Haven County. Dispersal rates outside of Connecticut peaked during 1990–1994 when 23% of all reported geese were shot outside of the state; more recently (2005–2009) only 3% of reported geese were shot outside 0f Connecticut. The proportion of dispersing geese that moved northward in the Atlantic Flyway has increased in recent years. Similar proportions 0f AHY females (23%) and AHY males (22%) were recruited into the local breeding population. Among HY geese, more females (22%) than males (5%) were recruited because HY males were more likely to disperse out of the county than HY females. Non-migratory populations of geese in metropolitan areas are causing nuisance problems; the restricted movements of these geese indicate that efforts to reduce their populations will have to be conducted at the local level.
Conservation of Bumblebees

Declines in bumblebee species in the last 60 years are well documented in Europe, where they are primarily driven by habitat loss and declines in floral abund ance and diversity, in turn driven by changing agricultu ral practices. Amongst the most significant of these fo r bumblebees has been the loss of species-rich unimproved grasslands (haymeadows, chalk downland, machair etc.). Evidence suggests that the species which have declined most are specialists in collect ing pollen from Fabaceae, especially red clovers, and l oss of unimproved grasslands and abandonment of red clover leys have greatly reduced the abundance of r ed clover across western Europe. High densities of commercial honeybee hives may also impact upon bumblebees in some areas. Effects of habitat degradation and fragmentation on bumblebees are likely to be compounded by the social nature of bumblebees and their largely monogamous breeding system (queens mate only once) which renders their effective population size low. Recent studies sugg est that surviving populations of some rare species con sist of <30 breeding females, and such populations are susceptible to chance extinction events and inbreed ing. Conservation measures must be implemented at the landscape-scale if they are to be effective, for sm all patches of habitat on nature reserves do not suppor t viable bumblebee populations in the long term. Give n the importance of bumblebees as pollinators of crop s and wildflowers, it is vital that adequate steps be taken to prevent further declines. Suggested measures include careful management of surviving species-ric h grasslands such as machair.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF WAVE PROPAGATION IN MICROSTRIP LINES AND COPLANAR WAVEGUIDES

Despite their obvious advantages over microstrips, coplanar waveguides (CPWs) have not been widely used as probes for wave coupling in mixer circuits. Microstrips are still the preferred option. One major reason is because CPWs are generally believed to exhibit higher attenuation than microstrip probes. Here, we present numerical analysis between the loss of waves in normal and superconducting CPWs and microstrips. The results show that the loss in microstrips is generally higher than that found in CPWs at dimensions larger than the wavelength. At dimensions comparable and smaller than the wavelength (i.e. q < 2.2), however, the loss in a CPW appears to be significantly lower. The results suggest strongly that, with careful design, CPWs can be a better alternative for the coupling of waves in Superconductor Insulator Superconductor (SIS) mixer circuits.
Learning Factorized Weight Matrix for Joint Filtering

Joint ﬁltering is a fundamental problem in computer vision with applications in many different areas. Most existing algorithms solve this problem with a weighted averaging process to aggregate input pixels. However, the weight matrix of this process is often empirically designed and not robust to complex input. In this work, we propose to learn the weight matrix for joint image ﬁlter-ing. This is a challenging problem, as directly learning a large weight matrix is computationally intractable. To address this issue, we introduce the correlation of deep features to approximate the aggregation weights. However, this strategy only uses inner product for the weight matrix estimation, which limits the performance of the proposed algorithm. Therefore, we further propose to learn a nonlinear function to predict sparse residuals of the feature correlation matrix. Note that the proposed method essentially factorizes the weight matrix into a low-rank and a sparse matrix and then learn both of them simultaneously with deep neural networks. Extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithm compares favorably against the state-of-the-art approaches on a wide variety of joint ﬁltering tasks.
Registration of in-vitro Micro CT Images For Construction of Statistical Shape Models And Atlas-based Segmentation of in-vivo CT Images of Cochlea

Cochlear implants significantly improves quality of life for hearing impaired patients. Today, standard CT images of the head are used during surgical planning but the low-resolution and large amounts of noise limit the amount of available anatomical information. It is hypothesized that a model-based statistical understanding of the shape variability of the middle and inner ear among patients will be of great benefit during image analysis. In this report we register microCT images and obtain correspondences that are well suited for construction of statistical shape models of inner-ear anatomy. We also synthesize standard CT images by inducing a significant amount of noise in microCT images and obtain promising registration results. The results also provide a baseline for comparison with future modelbased registration approaches that may further improve registration accuracy by incorporating prior knowledge from statistical shape models in the registration algorithm.
On Extracting the Effective Propagation Constant of a Cut-Wire Array

The effective medium model has been widely used for studying radio wave propagation in forested environments below 200MHz [1]. The effective permittivity of a forest is generally assumed to be slightly greater than that of free space, leading to the guidance of lateral waves along the forest-air interface. Recently, Buhl and Rogers reported on a measurement technique to determine the forest effective permittivity [2]. Results of the measurements were quite surprising, as it was found that the effective permittivity of the forest for the vertical polarization can be less than that of free space. Since actual measurements in such a large-scale, naturally occurring environment are difficult to control, we are motivated to further investigate this finding from a simulation perspective, where controlled parameter variations can be easily carried out. It is well known that a periodic array of long metallic wires exhibits negative permittivity at sufficiently low frequencies [3, 4]. The so-called “cut-wire” array due to an array of finite-length wires has also been investigated recently in the metamaterials community [5, 6]. For an array of finite-length wires, it is shown that the plasma-like phenomenon is complicated by an additional half-wavelength, cut-wire resonance. In this paper, we present a simulation and extraction method analogous to that described in [2] to determine the effective propagation constant of a cut-wire array. The array is excited by an embedded transmitting antenna and a receiver is placed in the array at different distances away from the transmitter. The phase of the received voltage versus distance are simulated and analyzed. It is found that a linear phase progression as a function of distance is clearly observed at most frequencies except when the wire is resonant. The effective propagation constant is then extracted and the plasma-like cutoff phenomenon is observed. The plasma frequency is found to be higher than that given in [4] for the infinite-length wire case. In addition, both the half-wavelength and 3/2-wavelength wire resonances can be seen. The frequency behavior of the propagation constant is compared to an approximate formula.
The Rationality of
 USDA
 Forecasts under Multivariate Asymmetric Loss

A large number of previous studies suggest that many USDA forecasts are biased and/or inefficient. These findings, however, may be the result of the assumed loss function of USDA forecasters. We test the rationality of the USDA net cash income forecasts and the WASDE production and price forecasts between 1988 and 2018 using a flexible multivariate loss function that allows for asymmetric loss and non‐separable forecast errors. Our results provide robust evidence that USDA forecasters are rational expected loss minimizers yet demonstrate a tendency to place a greater weight on under‐ or overprediction. As a result, this study provides an alternate interpretation of previous findings of forecast irrationality.
ANAEROBIC BIOREMEDIATION-AN UNTAPPED POTENTIAL BIORREMEDIACION ANAEROBICA-UN POTENCIAL SIN EXPLOTAR

Recently there has been considerable interest in employing bioremediation technologies for treatment of wastes and for reclamation and restoration of contaminated ecosystems. In this technology, microorganisms or their constituents such as enzymes are used to degrade or transform the wastes. Though, contaminated ecosystems lack oxygen and favor the growth and activity of anaerobic bacteria, most of the bioremediation technology employs aerobic microorganisms. However, treatment of industrial wastewaters is the only area in which anaerobic technology is widely employed presently. Recent advances in molecular ecology helps us in understanding the diversity of anaerobic bacteria, their processes and their important role in global cycle of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur. In addition, different anaerobic bacterial groups possess the ability to use different types of electron acceptors such as nitrate, sulfate, and carbonate for degradation of organic contaminants or for biotransformation heavy metals. Still, the potential of anaerobic bacteria for bioremediation of various contaminants is not capitalized. This paper deals with application of anaerobic bioremediation for biorestoration of land and water ecosystems contaminated with hydrocarbons, chlorinated compounds and heavy metals.
Influence of a Socially-Mediated Contextual Professional Development Program on Prospective Science Teachers' Understandings of Nature of Science, and Integrating It into Their Instructional Planning.

This study, which was conducted in 2016-2017 academic year, scrutinized the impact of a purposefully designed professional development program titled ‘NOS-PD’ on the understandings of the Nature of Science (NOS) via instructional practices. Specifically, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to delineate the impact of a NOS program with a socially-mediated contextual support on the prospective science teachers’ understandings of NOS and integrating it into their instructional planning. In the study process, 13 prospective science teachers took part in an intensive 9-week program conducted at 3 stages (5 weeks + 3 weeks + 1 week) based on a 6-week explicit-reflective NOS instruction plus three weeks of participants’ developing lesson plans with the help of sociallymediated contextual support. Data sources included an open-ended NOS questionnaire and lesson plans. Results indicated that as a result of the NOS instruction, the vast majority of the participants improved their understandings of NOS in an appropriate way. The analysis of the lesson plans revealed three characteristics of participants’ instructional planning for teaching NOS after the NOS-PD program, a) NOS was not sufficiently interpreted except for three NOS components, b) some improvements in terms of the instructional and evaluation strategies were observed, but the knowledge of objectives did not show substantial change, and c) few participants exhibited a robust reported PCK by performing NOS integration at a high level.
Nouns and Adjectives of Old English and Modern Standard Arabic: A Comparative Study

This paper is intended to discuss nouns and adjectives in two unrelated languages: Old English and Modern Standard Arabic. Although Arabic is Semitic Language, its grammar has a lot of similarities with the grammar of Old English. In the discussion it has been found that nouns and adjectives of both languages have inflectional modifications to indicate gender, case and number. Additionally, there is agreement between nouns, adjectives, verbs and demonstratives in both languages. Furthermore, Modern Standard Arabic is a highly inflected language. It uses a complex system of pronouns and their respective prefixes and suffixes for verbs, nouns, adjectives and possessive conjunctions. In addition, the system known as ? i؟rāb places vowel suffixes on each verb, noun, and adjectives, according to its function within a sentence and its relation to surrounding words.
A simulated annealing algorithm for the restricted stochastic traveling salesman problem with exponentially distributed arc lengths

The considered stochastic travelling salesman problem is defined where the costs are distributed exponentially. The costs are symmetric and they satisfy the triangular inequality. A discrete time Markov chain is established in some periods of time. A stochastic tour is created in a dynamic recursive way and the best node is detected to traverse in each period. Then, a simulated annealing based heuristic method is applied to select the best state. All the nodes should be traversed exactly once. An initial $rho$-approximate solution is applied for some benchmark problems and the obtained solutions are improved by a simulated annealing heuristic method.
Cardiac failure: an update and the role of the pharmacist

Heart failure (HF) often occurs in patients who have more than one comorbidity, with resultant polypharmacy. Medication errors may occur, along with adverse interactions between medicines. This highlights the importance of the pharmacist as part of the multidisciplinary team in the management of HF. Many advances have been made in the way in which heart failure is classified, diagnosed, managed and treated. The body of knowledge is ever-expanding and hence the need for frequent review of treatment guidelines in light of the data emerging from ongoing research. This article focuses on elucidating some of the currrent strategies to manage and treat this condition. Certain associated pathological conditions and modalities are therefore beyond the scope of this article and the reader is advised to consult the the latest international guidelines for more detailed explanations of advanced treatment strategies, the cardiomyopathies, congenital heart defects, acute cardiac failure, and heart failure within the context of myocardial infarction, cardiac valve replacement surgery, coronary artery revascularisation and other specialised examples.
Interplay of RsbM and RsbK controls the s activity of Bacillus cereusemi_2788 1..12

Lei-Chin Chen,1† Jung-Chi Chen,2† Jwu-Ching Shu,3 Chien-Yen Chen,4 Ssu-Ching Chen,5 Shu-Hwa Chen,6 Chun-Yen Lin,7 Chi-Yu Lu8 and Chien-Cheng Chen2* Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, no. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan. Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, 62 Shenjhong Rd., Yanchao District, Kaohsiung 82444, Taiwan. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan County 333, Taiwan. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 621, Taiwan. Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, no. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan. Computational Biology Research Center, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan. Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.