Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical synthesis of Leishmania lipophosphoglycan structures conjugated to a biotin moiety

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Etude des effets multigénérationnels d'une exposition chronique aux rayonnements ionisants chez un organisme modèle : le nématode Caenorhabditis elegans

The environmental risk assessment of chronic exposure to ionizing has become a major concern. The aim of this PhD was to study the multigenerational effects of chronic gamma radiation in an integrated manner (to the life history traits from the subcellular mechanisms) in a model organism, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. First, studying the effects of chronic gamma radiation on the life history traits of C. elegans was performed. For that, three generations have been exposed to different dose rates and two generations have been placed in "control" environment after parental exposure. The second part of this thesis aimed to characterize the different subcellular mechanisms that could explain the observed effects on the life history traits after multigenerational exposure. The results showed that (i) the reproduction was the most sensitive endpoint to gamma radiation, (ii) an increase in radiosensitivity was observed over three exposed generations and (iii) the effects of the parental generation were transmitted to the non-exposed generations. An increase in apoptosis, a reduction in the stock of sperm, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in the number of mitotic cells, could explain the observed decrease in reproduction for the exposed generations. Only a decrease in sperm number was observed in parallel with a reduction in the cumulative number of larvae in the non-exposed generations. This research contributes to our knowledge on the multigenerational effects of gamma irradiation and shows the importance of an integrated approach to better understand the mechanisms of action related to the action of a pollutant and improve the environmental risk assessment.
Pyrimidine nucleotide de novo biosynthesis as a model of metabolic control

This research presents a thorough investigation and description of metabolic control dynamics in vivo and in silico using as a model de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in E. coli. The studies described provide a unique effort toward combining mathematical analysis with dynamic transition experimental data and emphasize the significance of providing a quantitative framework for understanding metabolic control. Biochemical flux through the pathway was analyzed under dynamic conditions using middle‐exponential growth and steady state cultures. Fluctuations of pathway intermediates and end products transitions were quantified in response to physiological perturbation. Rapid versus long‐term equilibrium shifts in metabolic adaptation was analyzed. Finally, monitoring enzymatic activity levels during metabolic transitions provided insight into the interaction of genetic and biochemical mechanisms of regulation. Thus, it was possible to construct a robust mathematical model that faithfully represented, with a remarkable predictability, the nature of the metabolic response to specific environmental perturbations. These studies constitute a significant contribution to quantitative biochemistry as well as in the field of metabolic control, which can be extended to other cellular processes as well as different organisms.
Stem cell engineering : principles and applications

Introduction to stem cells. - General ethical issues of stem cell research. - Technological challenges. - Stem cell growth and differentiation. - Stem cell therapeutic applications. - Bioreactors and bioprocesses for cell expansion and differentiation. - High throughput and microfluidic screening platforms. - Stem cell identification and sorting. - Intercellular signaling and engineered niches. - Novel approaches for embryonic and adult stem cell growth and differentiation. - Stem cells and drug discovery. - Screening platforms.
REVIEW ON POTENTIAL TARGETED THERAPY FOR TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive type of cancer. TNBC is not just a single type of disease to be cured, but it consists of 6 subtypes which are basal-like 1 and 2, immunomodulatory, mesenchymal, mesenchymal stem- like and luminar androgen receptor. These subtypes has diverse characteristics, which hold potential opportunity for targeted treatment. Lack of molecular targets for triple negative tumor lead to limited targeted therapies for TNBC. Therefore, effective targeted therapies are urgently needed for TNBC. This paper will highlight on the potential targets in TNBC and treatment options that are currently under clinical application.
Evolution of Nuclear Integrations of the Mitochondrial Genome in Great Apes and their Potential as Molecular Markers

ix GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 The Story of Mitochondrial Colonization of the Nuclear Genome . 1 The Journey From the Mitochondrion to the Nucleus . 2 Numts are not Equally Abundant in All Genomes . 5 Pros and Cons of Numts in Evolutionary Population Studies . 6 Numts in Old World primates . 10 Introduction to the Following Chapters. 15 CHAPTER 1 Factors Affecting the Relative Abundance of Nuclear Copies of the Mitochondrial Control Region (Numts) in Hominoids. 18 Introduction . 19 Materials and Methods . 21 Results . 24 Discussion . 28 CHAPTER 2 Nucleotide Composition, Sequence Evolution and Mechanisms of Insertion of Nuclear Copies of Mitochondrial DNA in Great Apes (Hominoidea) . 33 Introduction . 34 Materials and Methods . 37 Results . 39 Discussion . 44 CHAPTER 3 Isolation of Gorilla-Specific Nuclear Insertions of Mitochondrial DNA (numts) and their Potential as Population Genetic Markers . 47 Introduction . 47 Methods . 50 Results . 57 Discussion . 61 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS . 66 REFERENCES . 71 APPENDICES. 84 VITA . 105
Biotecnologia aplicada ao estudo da lignificao

Lignin presents important functions for plants as resistance, conduction and defense. In additions, this compound developed support for plants to grow up against the gravity. The lignin has many positive characteristic that can influence the plant life and this has open great interest to study the lignification process in cells, and the industrial process from the forest technology industrial. Through the biotechnology techniques as calogenesis and suspension cell, different growth regulator concentration were tested. 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid), for example, has been considered the most important phytoregulator in the regulation of the lignification in callus and in suspension cells in the different culture medium and with several kind of plant. The lignification process, that involve different steps on lignin formation, includes the pre-corismic and phenylpropanoids ways, and has been researched in the callus and suspension cell conditions. All those tools can be viable for the study of the lignification process.
Mast cell density and the context of clinicopathological parameters and expression of p185,estrogen receptor,and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the mast cell density (MCD) and the context of clinicopathological parameters and expression of p185, estrogen receptor (ER), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in gastric carcinoma.METHODS: Mast cell, p185, ER, and PCNA were detected using immunohistochemical S-P labeling method. Mast cell was counted in tissue of gastric carcinoma and regional lymph nodes respectively, and involved lymph nodes (TLN) were examined as usual.RESULTS: MCD was significantly related to both age and depth of penetration (χ2=4.688,P＜0.05 for age and χ2=9.350,P＜0.01 for depth of penetration) between MCD＞21/0.03 mm2 and MCD≤21/0.03 mm2 in 100 patients; MCD in 1-6 ILN group patients was significantly higher than that in 7-15 TLN or ＞15 TLN group patients (u=6.881, 8.055, P＜0.01);There were significant differences intergroup in positive expression rate of p185, ER and PCNA between MCD ＞21/0.03 mm2 and MCD≤21/0.03 mm2 in 100 patients.CONCLUSION: Mast cell may have effect on inhibiting invasive growth of tumor, especially in the aged patients; The number of mast cells, in certain degree, may predicate the number of involved lymph nodes, which is valuable for assessment of prognosis; MCD was related to the expression of p185, ER, and PCNA in gastric carcinoma. Tt suggests that mast cell accumulation may inhibit the proliferation and the dissemination of the gastric carcinoma.
Ecological and economic assessment of two marine protected areas in the island garden city of Samal, Davao Gulf, Philippines

The performance of two marine protected areas (MPAs) in Samal Island, Coral Garden and Aundanao MPAs were evaluated after more than 10 years of exis­ tence. The evaluation tools used were fishery dependent (i.e. focus group discussion) and independent (i.e. fish census, benthic assessment and crown­of­thorns density) samplings. All sampling was conducted at least twice for one year. In all sites, COTs densities were just above the alarming stage (~1 individual.250 m). Aundanao MPA showed a positive feedback system by supporting the spillover effect. There is high density of sexually mature fish (<30 cm Total length and significantly higher fish biomass estimates of target species (16 mt km) inside than outside the MPA. The relatively small catch (20 mt year) from fishing adjacent to the MPA is attributed to the limited capacity of the core zone (only 3 ha) to support the fishery. It also serves as a refuge site for small pelagic fishes (i.e. ox-eye scad, Selar boops) that aggregate along the slope. In contrast, the Coral Garden MPA had very low fish biomass (4.0 mt km) and only a couple of sexually mature individuals both inside and outside the sites. Intermittent guarding which have resulted to occasional poaching in the no­take area was one of the reasons. Further, a newly introduced fishing gear bintol (modified lift net), for subsistence targeting damselfishes has started to operate near the area. This is an evidence of a lesser density of targeted food fish to catch. Coral Garden MPA has shown that the rate of extraction exceeded the pre­ sumed turnover rate of the associated reef fish standing stock suggesting an overfishing of the area.
Influence des tanins condensés du tégument de fèves (Vicia faba) sur le développement larvaire de Callosobruchus maculatus

Des tanins condensés sont extraits et isolés à partir du tégument de Vicia faba var. ‘Géante Portugaise’. Quatre polymères sont quantifiés et identifiés à quatre fractions: A, B, C et D. Ces fractions sont incorporées, en mélange ou séparées à différentes concentrations, dans un milieu nutritif favorable au développement de Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae).
The Evolution of the amphibian auditory system

Based on a workshop held at the University of Bielefeld in Germany in March 1986, this book presents the work of researchers from a diversity of fields, from neuroanatomy to behavioural ecology, covering the anatomy, physiology and behavioural correlates of the auditory system in the vertebrate class amphibia. It summarizes all aspects of the amphibian auditory system, reviewing current knowledge of the structure, function and evolution of this sensory system, and offers new contributions to our understanding of this subject. Chapters discuss amphibian phylogeny, the anatomy and physiology of the peripheral auditory system, the anatomy and physiology of central auditory areas, specialized topics in sound localization, the development of the amphibian auditory system (including changes that occur during metamorphosis), acoustic communication in anurans, selected topics in the evolution of amphibian and vertebrate audition, and others aspects.
FGF2 Maintains the Proliferation of Neural Progenitors by Actively Suppressing the CKI p27Kip1 through Regulation of Cks1b Transcription

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Pantelis Tsoulfas. No. of pages in text. (188) Identifying the mechanisms that regulate neural precursor cell (NPC) proliferation and differentiation is important for understanding CNS development among different vertebrates. My work has focused specifically on understanding how mitogenic factors, like basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), regulate the NPC cell cycle. Mitogenic factors and serum are thought to drive cell cycle and therefore proliferation mainly by activating G1-type cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). The general hypothesis being addressed here is that FGF2 also promotes cell cycle progression of NPCs through the degradation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1. I show that, in the presence of FGF2 in vitro, embryonic rat cortical NPCs express high protein levels of the CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1b (Cks1b), a component of the SCFSkp2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets p27Kip1 for proteasomal degradation. I also show that NPCs maintained in FGF2 express undetectable levels of p27KIP1, while removal of FGF2 results in increased p27Kip1 protein expression and decreased protein expression of Cks1b. RNA expression data shows that Cks1b mRNA is reduced in non-dividing NPCs but is present in dividing NPCs, suggesting that Cks1b is being regulated at the transcriptional level. Analysis of the putative promoter of Cks1b reveals numerous conserved transcription factor consensus sites that could potentially play a role in regulation of Cks1b transcription, including consensus sites for E2F and the cell cycle-dependent element (CDE) cell cycle genes homology region (CHR) tandem repressor element. I use chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays to identify which E2Fs occupy and regulate the transcription of Cks1b under different conditions of mitogen stimulation. The data show that E2F4 occupies the promoter of Cks1b in non-dividing NPCs while E2F1 binds exclusively in proliferating NPCs. Mutation of either the E2F or CDE/CHR consensus sites independently de-represses the activity of a Cks1b promoter reporter in NPCs in G0/G1, while mutation of both sites delays induction of promoter activity. Finally, I use in ovo electroporation to determine if p27Kip1 has an additional role in neuronal differentiation during early spinal cord development. I show that ectopic expression of p27Kip1 is insufficient to induce neuronal differentiation in spinal cord progenitors.
A Study of Burnout Amongst Doctors at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Background: Stress among health care workers is a subject that has received much attention worldwide. However, there have been few studies that address the issue of work-related stress among health care workers in Africa and in Zambia in particular. There was an urgent need to study burnout at the University Teaching Hospital in order to have concrete evidence for planning and policy purposes in order to help address some of the human resource for health problems in Zambia. This study sought to measure the levels of work-related burnout among doctors at the University Teaching Hospital and to investigate associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected by means of a self-administered survey using Maslach Burnout Inventory provided by mindgarden.com. Data analysis was done using guidelines as set out in the Maslach Burnout Inventory manual using Epi-info software. Cross tabulations and chi-square and statistical analysis tests were done in order to establish whether there were any statistically significant associations between levels of burnout and other variables such as sex, age, seniority, department and marital status, among others. Results: More than half, 54.4. %, of doctors studied at the University Teaching Hospital experienced average or high levels of emotional exhaustion with 44.8% experiencing average or high levels of depersonalisation and 66.4% experiencing average or low levels of personal accomplishment. Personal accomplishment was the subscale with the highest indication of burnout, followed by emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. There were no significant associations between demographic and individual work factors studied and burnout levels. Conclusions: Burnout levels are significant at the University Teaching Hospital. There were no significant associations between demographic and individual work factors studied and burnout levels. This study has highlighted that burnout is a problem that needs to be addressed at the hospital and further investigation is required to assess what factors maybe contributing to it, particularly those related to the work environment, since personal and demographiccharacteristics did not show any associations to burnout.
Virtual world platforms end-user motives

This study enlists four motive constructs (achievement, control, escapism, and friendship) to show significant differences exist across when applied to different VWs platforms, and shows VW platform studies need to be investigated in isolation, and not in combination. The four motive constructs differ, and in structural equation modelling they can be treated as a combined suite of input motives, and against one VW platform at a time. Such studies offer developers (and relational marketers) direction when formulating, and building their VW platform's sustainable positioning modelling outcome directions.
Generational Membership and the Intensity of Social Media Use Among Young Adults

Young adults use social media to realize both social and educational goals. Th e aim of the study is to investigate whether there are any diﬀ erences in the intensity of Facebook use between Generation Y and Generation Z. In addition, the size of friend networks has been analyzed. Th e Questionnaire of the Intensity of Facebook Use (Kuś, & Szulżycki, 2014) was used. Th e study was conducted in a group of 100 persons, 50 representatives of Generation Y and 50 representatives of Generation Z. Th e results show that there are generational diﬀ erences in the intensity of Facebook use. It is shown that having a large number of friends is related to the way in which Facebook is used among representatives of Generation Y.
APPLICATION OF ION CURRENT MEASUREMENT TO IDENTIFICATION OF COMBUSTION PARAMETERS IN A HOMOGENEOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

This study examines the application of ion current measurements to the identification of heat release parameters inside the combustion chamber of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine fuelled with gasoline. HCCI combustion was achieved with the use of exhaust gas trapping. Combustion parameters derived from the in-cylinder pressure and ion current measurements were compared and analysed. Ion current measurements were accomplished using the existing spark plug and a dedicated electronic circuit. The experiments were performed at a variable excess air ratio and a variable amount of trapped residuals. The results showed a good correlation between peak values of the ion current and heat release rate, except for the cases where a fuel-rich mixture was burnt. The computed ion current integral over the volume of the combustion chamber showed a good agreement with the heat released in the combustion chamber, however this parameter was found to be affected by the amount of trapped residuals. Combustion timing characteristic values computed using heat release and ion current were found to be correlated, however the relationship was not linear.
Mechanisms of maintenance of cytoplasmic osmotic homeostasis in bryophytes cells under salinity stress

© 2019 V. H. Kyyak et al.; Published by the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv on behalf of Біологічні Cтудії / Studia Biologica. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/ and Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. UDC: 582.32. 575.17
The Outbreak of Red Tides in the Coastal Waters off Kohung, Chonnam, Korea 3. The Temporal and Spatial Variations in the Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates and Ciliates in 1997

We investigated the temporal and spatial variations in heterotrophic dinoflagellates (hereafter HTD) and ciliates from June to September 1997 in the waters off Kohung, Korea where red tides dominated by harmful dinoflagellates had occurred from August to October since 1995. We took water samples five times from 5-7 depths at 3 stations in this study period. A total of 17 HTD species were present and of these species in the genus Protoperidinium were 11. The species number of tintinnids (hereafter TIN) present totalled 15 and several naked ciliate (hereafter NC) species were observed. The species numbers of HTD and TIN rapidly increased between August 1st and 21st and then reached to the maximum numbers of 13 and 10, respectively, on August 27 when red tides dominated by Gyrodinium impudicum were first observed in the study area. However the species numbers drastically decreased on September 22. The maximum densities of HTD, TIN, and NC were 45, 39, 57 cells , respectively. ADAS, calculated by averaging the densities of a certain species in the all samples collected from all depths and stations at a sampling period, most increased between August 1st and 21st and then reached to the maximum density of f cells on August 27 for HTD, while did between August 21st and 27th and up to 7 cells for TIN. Unlike ADAS of HTD and TIN, that of NC did not change much with the maximum of 8 cells on August 27th. The pattern of the temperal variation in the species number and ADAS of HTD was similar to that of diatoms and the distributions of Protoperidinium spp. and diatoms had a strong positive correlation. This evidence suggests that HTD, in particular Protoperidinium spp. be a grazer on diatom. In general, the densities of HTD, TIN, and NC decreased with going to stations located in the outer bay. Therefore, the availability of suitable prey and distance from the coastal line might be responsible for the distribution of HTD, TIN, and NC. The results of the present study provide a basis for further experiments for the feeding by dominant HTD, TIN, and NC on dominant phytoplankton including red tide species and for understanding food webs in the planktonic community before, during, and after the red tide outbreak.
Early-maturing, Large-seeded and High-yielding Groundnut Varieties ICGV 96466, ICGV 96468 and ICGV 96469

ICGV 96466, ICGV 96468 and ICGV 96469 are large-seeded, early-maturing and high-yielding groundnut genotypes developed through hybridization at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics in Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India, and released in 2004. In yield trials conducted at ICRISAT during the rainy and post-rainy seasons of 1997-2001, ICGV 96466, ICGV 96468 and ICGV 96469 recorded higher yields and 100-seed weights than the control cultivars JL 24 (early-maturing) and Somnath (medium maturing with large seeds).