Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Glycemic Control Obtained from NPH Insulin in Patients Experiencing Corticosteroid-Induced Hyperglycemia

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin to other antidiabetic regimens in the treatment of corticosteroid-induced hyperglycemia in non-critically ill; hospitalized patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort included patients treated with methylprednisolone or prednisone concomitantly with NPH or other antidiabetic medications for at least two days. Patients were screened for inclusion in reverse chronological order and matched based on gender; age; body mass index; steroid dose; and history of diabetes. The primary objective was mean daily blood glucose (BG). Secondary outcomes included percentage of readings between 70mg/dL-180mg/dL; median daily BG; number of hypoglycemic events; daily steroid to NPH ratios; and mean weight-based dose of NPH for each 10mg increment of prednisone when BG readings were within goal. Results: A total of 72 patients were included in each arm. The primary efficacy endpoint of mean daily BG ranged from 111-217mg/dL in the control group and 163-228mg/dL in the NPH arm; however; there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Overall rates of hypoglycemia were slightly lower in the NPH group but with no statistically significant differences (0.61% vs. 1.12%; p = 0.51). Conclusion: NPH; compared to other regimens; may not have an impact on achieving glycemic controlin corticosteroid-induced hyperglycemia.
Quantitative Characterization of Uncertainty in the Concentration-Response Relationship Between Long-term PM2.5 Exposure and Mortality at Low Concentrations.

Extensive epidemiologic evidence supports a linear, no-threshold concentration-response (C-R) relationship between long-term exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and mortality in the United States. While examinations of the C-R relationship are designed to assess the shape of the C-R curve, they do not provide the information needed to quantitatively characterize uncertainty at specific PM2.5 concentrations, which is often needed in the context of risk assessments and benefits analyses. We developed a novel approach, using information that is typically available in published epidemiologic studies, to quantitatively characterize uncertainty at different concentrations along the PM2.5 concentration distribution. Our approach utilizes the annual mean PM2.5 concentration and corresponding standard deviation from a published epidemiologic study to estimate the standard deviation of hypothetical PM2.5 concentration distributions defined at 0.1 µg/m3 increments. The hypothetical distributions are then used to derive adjusted uncertainty estimates in the reported effect estimate at low concentrations. We demonstrate the application of this method in six individual epidemiologic studies that examined the relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality and were conducted in different geographic locations worldwide and at different PM2.5 concentrations. This new method allows for a more comprehensive quantitative evaluation of uncertainty in the shape of the C-R relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality at concentrations below the mean annual concentrations observed in current studies.
Important Consideration in Choosing Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Patients with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Risk of Convulsion

The prevalence of epilepsy and psychosis in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is higher than in the general population. Recent study on adults with 22q11.2DS reported that the most common trigger for provoked seizures was the use of antipsychotics and antidepressants. In this paper, blonaserin was used because aripiprazole, quetiapine, paliperidone were not effective. The patient had convulsion on the fourth day of taking blonaserin. Neurological and cardiac examination was carried out, and lamotrigine was added at the advice of neurologist. Than the patient didn’t have any convulsions and the symptoms gradually improved. When treating patients with 22q11.2DS, the medicine should be chosen carefully, and the patient should be observed closely, paying attention to the possibility of convulsions.
Surface Functionalization of Green‐synthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide with PPIX Enhances Photosensitization of Cancer Cells

Photosensitizer‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoparticles are promising materials for photodynamic therapy in cancer management. In this study, rGO is synthesized by a green route employing glucose as the reducing agent and functionalized with photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) in a convenient, single‐step procedure. PPIX‐functionalized rGO exhibits photodynamic effect against cancer cells (HeLa) at 0.001 mg mL−1 under visible light illumination (635 nm). A 50% elimination of HeLa cells after 5 min irradiation is observed while very low phototoxicity (80% cell viability) is noted against normal dermal fibroblast cells. A positive correlation with ROS accumulation and increased expression of caspase‐3 in PPIX‐functionalized rGO‐treated cancer cells is also established. The results evidence a simple and cost‐effective route for developing photosensitizer‐functionalized rGO for effective and selective killing of cancer cells.
MiR-141-3p ameliorates RIPK1-mediated necroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in necrotizing enterocolitis

Aim: To explore the effects of miR-141-3p on intestinal epithelial cells in necrotizing enterocolitis and the underlying mechanism. Results: The expression of miR-141-3p was significantly downregulated in serum samples of patients with NEC and LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. The in vitro assays showed that miR-141-3p mimics inhibited expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and reduced PI positive rate of the LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. Next, receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) was identified as the downstream molecule of miR-141-3p, and RIPK1 overexpression aggravated LPS-induced Caco-2 cell injury, which was ameliorated by miR-141-3p mimics. Finally, we found miR-141-3p mimics inhibited upregulation of necroptosis-related molecules and interaction of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: Our research indicated that miR-141-3p protected intestinal epithelial cells from LPS damage by suppressing RIPK1-mediated inflammation and necroptosis, providing an alternative perspective to explore the pathogenesis of NEC. Methods: Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-141-3p in serum samples of participants and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated Caco-2 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Propidium Iodide (PI) staining and detection of inflammatory cytokines were performed to evaluate the role of miR-141-3p in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. TargetScanHuman database and luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to confirm the direct downstream molecule of miR-141-3p. Western blot analysis was used to explore the mechanism.
Calls to helplines in Australia following media reports of Robin Williams' suicide.

OBJECTIVE In the United States, there was an increase in calls to helplines following media reporting of Robin Williams' suicide. We aimed to determine whether this was the case in Australia. METHOD The helpline services Lifeline and Beyond Blue provided us with weekly data on calls received for 2013-2015. We conducted interrupted time series regression analyses to determine whether there was an increase in the average weekly number of calls received by each helpline in two periods after the story about Williams' suicide broke (1 week and 4 weeks). RESULTS We found strong evidence of an increase in calls to Lifeline (incidence rate ratio [IRR] =1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.02-1.25; p = 0.016) and Beyond Blue (IRR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.09-1.59; p = 0.004) in the week after Williams' suicide was first reported. We found no evidence of higher than normal call volumes for Lifeline (IRR = 1.04; 95% CI = 0.99-1.10; p = 0.104) or Beyond Blue (IRR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.00-1.22; p = 0.058) over the four weeks following Williams' death, however, suggesting that calls leveled out over this period. CONCLUSION Suicide prevention experts and media professionals must work together to minimize the negative impacts of reports on suicide and maximize their positive ones. In cases where the story is likely to receive extensive international coverage, it may be important for local media to encourage help-seeking.
非小细胞肺癌MET基因突变的机制及靶向药物研究进展

间质-上皮细胞转化因子（mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor, MET）基因是非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）的一种重要肿瘤驱动基因，针对MET 14外显子的跳跃突变的靶向治疗药物给患者带来新的希望。 目前已经上市或者即将上市的MET抑制剂包括：克唑替尼、卡博替尼、沃利替尼和Tepotinib等。 MET抑制剂的客观缓解率较高，并且安全性良好。 但是，MET抑制剂的耐药不可避免，因此需要重视对于耐药机制的研究。 肝细胞生长因子（hepatocyte growth factor, HGF）/MET信号通路抑制剂与其他药物的联合应用，对于抑制和逆转耐药可能发挥重要作用。
Male adiposity, sperm parameters and reproductive hormones: An updated systematic review and collaborative meta‐analysis

The present updated systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to summarize the evidence from published studies with low risk for any important bias (based on methodological quality assessment) investigating the potential associations of adiposity with sperm quality and reproductive hormones. We conducted a systematic search of the literature published in MEDLINE‐PubMed and EMBASE through June 2019. Based on the criteria in our review, 169 eligible publications were used for data abstraction. Finally, 60 articles were included in the qualitative analysis and 28 in the quantitative analysis. Our systematic review results indicated that overweight and/or obesity were associated with low semen quality parameters (i.e., semen volume, sperm count and concentration, sperm vitality and normal morphology) and some specific reproductive hormones (e.g., inhibin B, total testosterone and sex hormone‐binding globulin). Overweight and/or obesity were also positively associated with high estradiol concentrations. Meta‐analysis indicated that overweight and/or obesity categories were associated with lower sperm quality (i.e., semen volume, sperm count and concentration, sperm vitality, total motility and normal morphology), and underweight category was likewise associated with low sperm normal morphology. In conclusion, our results suggest that maintaining a healthy body weight is important for increasing sperm quality parameters and potentially male fertility.
Neuronal Circuits That Control Rhythmic Pectoral Fin Movements in Zebrafish

The most basic form of locomotion in limbed vertebrates consists of alternating activities of the flexor and extensor muscles within each limb coupled with left/right limb alternation. Although larval zebrafish are not limbed, their pectoral fin movements exhibit the following fundamental aspects of this basic movement: abductor/adductor alternation (corresponding to flexor/extensor alternation) and left/right fin alternation. Because of the simplicity of their movements and the compact neural organization of their spinal cords, zebrafish can serve as a good model to identify the neuronal networks of the central pattern generator (CPG) that controls rhythmic appendage movements. Here, we set out to investigate neuronal circuits underlying rhythmic pectoral fin movements in larval zebrafish, using transgenic fish that specifically express GFP in abductor or adductor motor neurons (MNs) and candidate CPG neurons. First, we showed that spiking activities of abductor and adductor MNs were essentially alternating. Second, both abductor and adductor MNs received rhythmic excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs in their active and inactive phases, respectively, indicating that the MN spiking activities are controlled in a push-pull manner. Further, we obtained the following evidence that dmrt3a-expressing commissural inhibitory neurons are involved in regulating the activities of abductor MNs: (1) strong inhibitory synaptic connections were found from dmrt3a neurons to abductor MNs; and (2) ablation of dmrt3a neurons shifted the spike timing of abductor MNs. Thus, in this simple system of abductor/adductor alternation, the last-order inhibitory inputs originating from the contralaterally located neurons play an important role in controlling the firing timings of MNs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Pectoral fin movements in larval zebrafish exhibit fundamental aspects of basic rhythmic appendage movement: alternation of the abductor and adductor (corresponding to flexor–extensor alternation) coupled with left–right alternation. We set out to investigate the neuronal circuits underlying rhythmic pectoral fin movements in larval zebrafish. We showed that both abductor and adductor MNs received rhythmic excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs in their active and inactive phases, respectively. This indicates that MN activities are controlled in a push-pull manner. We further obtained evidence that dmrt3a-expressing commissural inhibitory neurons exert an inhibitory effect on abductor MNs. The current study marks the first step toward the identification of central pattern generator organization for rhythmic fin movements.
Time‐course of respiratory metabolic adjustments of a South American fish, Prochilodus scrofa, exposed to low and high temperatures

Summary The time-course for the thermal acclimation of aerobic metabolism was determined for juvenile and adult P. scrqfa by following the modifications in oxygen consumption (O2). Fish previously acclimated at 15 and 25°C and transferred to water temperature 10°C and above, showed 3–4-fold increase in O2 in the first 6 h after the change in temperature, reaching a stable O2 level in 24 and 48 h (adult and juvenile fish, respectively). Fish acclimated at 35 and 25°C and transferred to water temperature 10°C below that to which they were previously acclimated decreased the O2 in the first 6 h after the change in water temperature (3.0-fold lower, from 35 to 25°C for both fish sizes and 6.5- and 3.0-fold lower from 25 to 15°C for juvenile and adult fish, respectively), reaching a stable O2 level in 48 h (from 25 to 15°C) and 24–72 h (from 35 to 25°C). Regardless of the direction of water temperature change, P. scrofa showed partial O2 compensation and short time-course for the adjustments in aerobic metabolism, reaching a stable rate at the new water temperature in 1–3 days. These results indicate an ecological advantage for this species, mainly for the adult fish, which migrate along rivers prior to reproduction and which may experience fluctuations in water temperature, including the heated effluents from electrical power stations.
The Effect of Increasing Interphase Gap on N1 Latency of the Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential and the Stimulation Level Offset in Human Cochlear Implant Users.

OBJECTIVE This study reports two potential biomarkers of the physiological status of the cochlear nerve (CN) in cochlear implant users. DESIGN This project represents a complementary analysis on a subset of electrophysiological data from our recently published study. This study compared changes in N1 latency and stimulation level (i.e., N1 latency offset and stimulation level offset) with increasing interphase gap of a biphasic pulse between children with cochlear nerve deficiency and children with normal-sized CNs. RESULTS Children with cochlear nerve deficiency showed smaller N1 latency offsets and larger stimulation level offsets than children with normal-sized CNs at all electrode locations tested. CONCLUSIONS The N1 latency and stimulation level offsets differ in two patient populations with different physiological statuses of the CN. These parameters may be useful for evaluating CN function in individual cochlear implant patients.
Withshare: A Mobile Application to Support Community Coproduction Activities

Coproductions﻿are﻿reciprocal﻿activities﻿that﻿all﻿parties﻿are﻿actively﻿engaged﻿in﻿and﻿create﻿synergies﻿ that﻿cannot﻿be﻿produced﻿by﻿one﻿party﻿alone. ﻿Coproduction﻿activities﻿are﻿important﻿for﻿community﻿ building,﻿as﻿the﻿social﻿interactions﻿among﻿community﻿members﻿create﻿social﻿values﻿such﻿as﻿new﻿social﻿ ties,﻿trust﻿and﻿reciprocal﻿recognition. ﻿Mobile﻿technologies﻿bring﻿new﻿opportunity﻿for﻿coproductions﻿ by﻿supporting﻿small-scale﻿reciprocal﻿activities﻿that﻿are﻿location﻿and﻿time﻿sensitive. ﻿In﻿this﻿article,﻿the﻿ authors﻿introduce﻿and﻿study﻿WithShare,﻿a﻿smartphone﻿application﻿that﻿helps﻿people﻿to﻿organize﻿such﻿ coproduction﻿activities. ﻿A﻿3-week﻿user﻿study﻿with﻿38﻿young﻿adults﻿in﻿a﻿local﻿community﻿of﻿college﻿ students﻿shows﻿WithShare﻿facilitates﻿the﻿coordination﻿of﻿opportunistic﻿and﻿lightweight﻿reciprocal﻿ activities﻿in﻿their﻿daily﻿life. ﻿The﻿results﻿highlight﻿potentials﻿of﻿coproduction﻿activities﻿in﻿strengthening﻿ existing﻿social﻿ties,﻿and﻿establishing﻿new﻿weak﻿ties﻿in﻿the﻿local﻿community. ﻿The﻿findings﻿suggest﻿ important﻿design﻿implications﻿for﻿mobile﻿technologies﻿to﻿support﻿coproduction﻿activities. KeyWoRdS Case Study, Coproduction, Design Research, Mobile Local Community, Social Connections and Interactions
Traditional Chinese medicine use amongst women with arthritis : a health services research study

Background: The use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has attracted increasing attention for physical and mental health studies over recent years. To date, there have been few nationally representative studies examining TCM treatments as well as consultations with TCM practitioners, for women with arthritis. Methods: The thesis study outlined here consists of four related but separate sections of research. First, a critical review was conducted focusing on TCM and other complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use amongst patients with arthritis via a search of the key medicine and health science databases for international peer-reviewed articles published in the previous eight years (2008-2015). The study also conducted secondary and primary analyses of data from large samples (including both patients and practitioners) obtained by drawing upon three distinct large-scale established studies in Australia – the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH), the Sax Institute’s 45 and Up Study and the Practitioner Research and Collaborate Initiative (PRACI) study. Statistical analyses involved chi-square tests, multiple logistic regression, two proportions Z tests, Student’s t-tests, etc. to examine associations between the use of TCM (i.e. Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture) and arthritis-related symptoms. Chi-square tests or Fishers Exact tests were employed for categorical variables, and Student’s t-tests were employed for continuous variables, to examine TCM practitioners’ perceptions and the role of TCM practitioners in Australia regarding arthritis care. Results: Findings from the critical review show a high prevalence of TCM/CAM use amongst people with arthritis in a number of countries and many people with arthritis use TCM/CAM concurrently with their conventional medicine. The results from ALSWH study identify women with arthritis are more likely to use TCM than women without arthritis, with 6.2-9.5%, and 4.0-5.7% of Australian women reported to be using acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine, respectively, in the previous 12 months. Moreover, the analyses from the 45 and Up Study sub-study show that acupuncture use is positively associated with women experiencing a longer duration of time since initial diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OR=1.04), undertaking more exercise (OR=5.41), living in a rural area (OR=3.62), having consulted a psychologist (OR=12.21), and having consulted another CAM practitioner (OR=4.18). In addition, it is reported from the PRACI study that the majority of the TCM practitioners (82.2%) noticed that their patients with arthritis used other treatments alongside TCM and a large number of TCM practitioners who participated in the study believe TCM to be effective for treating arthritis. Conclusions: TCM use is popular amongst women with arthritis and the TCM profession represents a significant part of Australian CAM healthcare sector in treating arthritis. This thesis highlights a need for future research to examine the potential benefits of TCM for arthritis and…
Vessel noise affects routine swimming and escape response of a coral reef fish

An increasing number of studies have shown that anthropogenic noise can negatively affect aspects of the anti-predator behaviour of reef fishes, potentially affecting fitness and survival. However, it has been suggested that effects could differ among noise sources. The present study compared two common sources of anthropogenic noise and investigated its effects on behavioural traits critical for fish survival. In a tank-based experiment we examined the effects of noise from 4-stroke motorboats and ships (bulk carriers > 50,000 tonnes) on the routine swimming and escape response of a coral reef fish, the whitetail damselfish (Pomacentrus chrysurus). Both 4-stroke boat and ship noise playbacks affected the fast-start response and routine swimming of whitetail damselfish, however the magnitude of the effects differed. Fish exposed to ship noise moved shorter distances and responded more slowly (higher response latency) to the startle stimulus compared to individuals under the 4-stroke noise treatment. Our study suggests that 4-stroke and ship noise can affect activity and escape response of individuals to a simulated predation threat, potentially compromising their anti-predator behaviour.
Fuzzy Logic‐based Efficient Interest Forwarding (FLEIF) in Named Data Networking

Content centric or Named Data Networking (NDN) is expected to replace IP‐based communication in the future Internet architecture. Here, connections are established based on data instead of host addresses. This flexibility helps in decreasing the end‐to‐end delay, as the requested data may be available in any intermediate router's cache. In NDN, a small Interest packet sent on a link results in large sized incoming Data packets on the same link. Therefore, sending multiple Interest packets on a single outgoing face may cause congestion on the returning path. Hence, regulation of Interest packets based on link characteristics is important to avoid congestion. In this paper, an intelligent mechanism based on Neuro‐Fuzzy Logic is proposed for calculating outgoing link prices of each intermediate node. The class of each outgoing link on a router is determined for Interest forwarding in order to avoid congestion. Comparison results show that the proposed method effectively improves throughput by decreasing packet loss ratio.