Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Landscape Transformation Influences Responses of Terrestrial Small Mammals to Land Use Intensity in North-Central Namibia

In this study, we investigate and compare the response patterns of small mammal communities to increasing land use intensity in two study areas: private farmland at the southern boundary of Etosha National Park and smallholder farmland in Tsumeb agricultural area. Species richness, community composition and a standardized capture index (RCI) are compared between sites of (a) increasing grazing pressure of ungulates (Etosha) and (b) increasing conversion of bushland to arable land (Tsumeb). Within each study area, we found clear response patterns towards increasing land use intensity. However, patterns differ significantly between the two areas. Within the less-transformed area (Etosha), high land use intensity results in a decrease in the RCI but not species richness. Small mammal communities remain relatively stable, but ecosystem functions (e.g., bioturbation, seed dispersal) are weakened. Within the more-transformed area (Tsumeb), high land use intensity leads to a decrease in species richness and increasing RCIs of two common pest species. The disappearance of a balanced community and the dramatic increase in a few pest species has the potential to threaten human livelihoods (e.g., crop damage, disease vectors). Our comparative approach clearly indicates that Gerbilliscus leucogaster is a possible candidate for an ecological indicator of ecosystem integrity. Mastomys natalensis has the potential to become an important pest species when bushland is transformed into irrigated arable land. Our results support the importance of area-specific conservation and management measures in savanna ecosystems.
Flawless Identification of Fusarium Oxysporum in Tomato Plant Leaves by Machine Learning Algorithm

In the olden days, plant diseases could be measured by visual observation and based on the level and severity of the symptoms on plant leaves. Over the day, it became a high-level degree of complexity due to the huge volume of cultivated plants. Now a day, the diseases are very different due to diverted manure procedures, and its diagnosis will be very tough even experienced farmers and agronomists too. Even though, after diagnosis, there is a lack of perfect remedy or mistaken treatment for that. The plants are affecting by many vascular fungal diseases which are widespread in many crops. Fusarium wilt (FW) is one of the fungal diseases in many plants. Mostly the tomato, sweet potatoes, tobacco, legumes, cucurbits plants are affected by this Fusarium oxysporum (FO) disease often due to its soil. The main goal of this research article is used to determine FO disease in the tomato plant leaves. Besides, the proposed algorithm constructs model with two times classifying and identifying the disease for better accuracy. The open database consists of 87k images with 60% affected leaves images, 40% healthy plant leaves too. Our proposed hybrid algorithm is found the disease with 96% accuracy with the huge amount of dataset.
Phytonutrient Assisted Synthesis and Stabilization of Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Extract of Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre and their Antibacterial Activity Studies

244 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021. 650131 Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and stabilized using the aqueous extract of Persicaria hydroppiper leaves. The particles were characterized using Uv-visible extinction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies. Increase in phytonutrient concentration decreases the particle size to a small extent and an increase in silver nitrate concentration increases the particle size. The average size of the AgNPs worked out using TEM and PXRD data were found to be 24-32 nm. Phytonutrient assisted reduction crystallizes the nanosized silver in to face centred cubic structure. Growth inhibition effect of the nanoparticles against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were determined and compared with reference antibacterial substance ciprofloxacin. The AgNPs inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aurous bacteria to different extents with their zones of inhibition 13.0 mm and 12.0 mm respectively.
The Neural Mechanism of Positive Emotion and the Effect of AI + Education on It

Cognitive psychology, represented by the expansion-construction theory, believes that positive emotions can broaden the scope of cognition, promote cognitive processes such as creative problem solving, executive control, cognitive flexibility, attention and decision-making. However, they cannot explain the phenomena in some experiments that are contrary to this conclusion. Thus, the motivational dimension model came into being. The theory believes that the effect of emotion on cognition is related to the motivation of emotion rather than its valance. After combing the literatures, it was found that dopamine mediates the positive emotions promoting cognitive activities. The activation of frontal lobe, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala are all the brain mechanisms for positive emotions. Looking ahead, further research on neurophysiological mechanisms will promote scholars’ more comprehensive and profound understanding of positive emotions. AI + education refers to the deep integration and development of artificial intelligence and education, taking the application of artificial intelligence based on education scenes as the path to promote education equity, improve education quality and realize education personalization. It can better perceive students' dynamic learning path and emotional change, and the teaching effect is better.
EXTRACTION AND SCREENING OF PHENOLICS OF SOME SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (BOISD.) HOST PLANTS

Total phenols of some cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) host plant leaves were extracted by using homogenizing method and aqueous (80%, v/v) methanol and acetone. Quantification of phenolics was carried out by FolinCiocalteau method. The results revealed that the amount of phenols significantly differed among the tested host plants in the following order: Castor bean < garden rocket < cabbage < grapevine. The total phenols of cabbage and castor bean leaves extracted by methanol were significantly higher than those extracted by acetone. They were 5.83 and 4.63 mg GA/dw for cabbage and castor bean leaves extracted by methanol, respectively, while they equaled to 5.2 and 4.03 mg GA/dw for those extracted by acetone, respectively. On the other hand, the results revealed that the amount of phenolics was not proportional to the amount of crude extract produced. It could be concluded that aqueous methanol is more efficient than aqueous acetone in extracting phenolics from the tested host plants of the cotton leafworm, and by using homogenizing methods, the yield of phenols was satisfactory and rapidly extracted. The situation that fulfils the requirement of more screening of these compounds in different S. littoralis host plants, since current strategies to control insects using natural pesticides and transgenic plants might rely on phenolic compounds that confer resistance to field crops.
MONITORING ESSENTIAL SOIL NUTRIENT BASE ON INTERNET OF THINGS ON DIPTEROCARPUS LITTORALIS PLANT

Dipterocarpus littoralis known locally as pelahlar, is a producer of endemic commercial wood in Nusakambangan. Pelahlar habitat that is isolated in one island and a narrow genetic distribution causes the risk of extinction of this species to increasing. The effort to conserve rare flora can be done by monitoring and observing the balance of essential nutrients at the site of growth. Therefore, we need a system that is able to monitor the balance of essential nutrients and pH in the soil to support the growth of rare flora based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This system consists of a sensor station and a central gate station that are connected based on a star network because it is believed to reduce system power consumption. Scheduling of sending data from the sensor station to the gate station is determined by the results of competition between sensor stations based on the back off of each sensor station. through this scheme an increase in throughput and collision values is based on the number of sensor stations. We found that the more sensor stations that compete, the smaller the value of the throughput of the system.
Endoscopic ear surgery in Australia

The use of the endoscopic ear surgery (EES) in otology was first described in the late 1990s (1,2). However, it was not until the early 2010s that interest in the technique began to grow globally, with corresponding increases in EESrelated publications (3). The efficacy and safety of EES has been demonstrated by multiple authors (4-6). EES is particularly effective in addressing certain pathologies, such as tympanoplasty and cholesteatoma, primarily due to the Original Article
Analysis of Antimicrobial Compound in Ziziphus Mauritiana Extract using Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR)

Ziziphus mauritiana is locally known as Bidara that belongs to Rhamnaceae family which is a herbal plant that believed originated from Indo-Malaysian region of South-East Asia. It is commonly known for its various benefits as pharmacological such as antioxidants and antimicrobial. In order to prove its efficacy, antimicrobial compound analysis of Ziziphus mauritiana leaf extract was performed using Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The spectrum and wavelength obtained can be used to identify the functional group and thus, the antimicrobial compound was discovered present in the plant. A liquid-liquid extraction had been carried out to obtain the extract of Ziziphus mauritiana leaf sample and rotary evaporator is used to remove the solvent of ethyl acetate. Based on this study, Ziziphus mauritiana leaves do have antimicrobial compounds such as eugenol and vanillin which are one of the antimicrobial agents.
OYDAN imp_ok

n-6 and n-3 fatty acid families act as nutraceuticals to complement the sequential processes of follicle and embryo development. However, there is a lack of information on effect of dietary supplementation of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on different reproductive events in the sheep. Accordingly, in this study, the effect of supplementation of n-6 PUFA rich SoyPreme (SP) or n-3 PUFA rich Flaxtech (FT) on plasma hormone concentrations and some ovarian activity in the sheep were studied. Following the first detected estrus, a total of 44 ewes were allocated into either bazal diet (C, n = 22) or SP (n = 22) treatments until next estrus (pre-mating). At the second estrus, the ewes were mated and again randomly allocated to either the C or FT allowance until day 15 (post-mating; mating = day 0). Hence, there were four nutrition treatments; CC (n = 11), SPC (n = 11), SPFT (n = 11) and CFT (n = 11). Blood samples were collected to monitor plasma hormon levels. Ewes were slaughtered on 16th day after mating, and the numbers and weights of corpora lutea (CL) and follicles were recorded. Plasma progesterone (P<0.05) and PGFM (P<0.01) concentrations including basal and peak PGFM in the SP ewes during pre-mating period were higher than those of the C ewes. The number of CL were higher in the SPFT ewes compared to the CC and SPC ewes (P<0.05). While the number of small follicules in the SPC, CFT and SPFT ewes were lower than those of CC, large follicles in the SPC and CFT ewes were lower than those of CC (P<0.05). It was concluded that short-term (15-17 days) changes in dietary n-6 and n-3 supplementation can have a beneficial effect on plazma hormon consentration and ovarian activity during pre-mating and post-maing, respectively, in ewes.
Finer-Resolution Mapping of Global Land Cover: Recent Developments, Consistency Analysis, and Prospects

Land-cover mapping is one of the foundations of Earth science. As a result of the combined efforts of many scientists, numerous global land-cover (GLC) products with a resolution of 30 m have so far been generated. However, the increasing number of fine-resolution GLC datasets is imposing additional workloads as it is necessary to confirm the quality of these datasets and check their suitability for user applications. To provide guidelines for users, in this study, the recent developments in currently available 30 m GLC products (including three GLC products and thematic products for four different land-cover types, i.e., impervious surface, forest, cropland, and inland water) were first reviewed. Despite the great efforts toward improving mapping accuracy that there have been in recent decades, the current 30 m GLC products still suffer from having relatively low accuracies of between 46.0% and 88.9% for GlobeLand30-2010, 57.71% and 80.36% for FROM_GLC-2015, and 65.59% and 84.33% for GLC_FCS30-2015. The reported accuracies for the global 30 m thematic maps vary from 67.86% to 95.1% for the eight impervious surface products that were reviewed, 56.72% to 97.36% for the seven forest products, 32.73% to 98.3% for the six cropland products, and 15.67% to 99.7% for the six inland water products. The consistency between the current GLC products was then examined. The GLC maps showed a good overall agreement in terms of spatial patterns but a limited agreement for some vegetation classes (such as shrub, tree, and grassland) in specific areas such as transition zones. Finally, the prospects for fine-resolution GLC mapping were also considered. With the rapid development of cloud computing platforms and big data, the Google Earth Engine (GEE) greatly facilitates the production of global fine-resolution land-cover maps by integrating multisource remote sensing datasets with advanced image processing and classification algorithms and powerful computing capability. The synergy between the spectral, spatial, and temporal features derived from multisource satellite datasets and stored in cloud computing platforms will definitely improve the classification accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution of fine-resolution GLC products. In general, up to now, most land-cover maps have not been able to achieve the maximum (per class or overall) error of 5%–15% required by many applications. Therefore, more efforts are needed toward improving the accuracy of these GLC products, especially for classes for which the accuracy has so far been low (such as shrub, wetland, tundra, and grassland) and in terms of the overall quality of the maps.
Team Sport Players’ Perception of Imagery Use and Confidence in Sport

The relationship of imagery use and confidence were examined on forty-eight elite male team sport players in volleyball, basketball and football from Botswana with mean age {M=22.50; 1.32} using Sport Imagery Questionnaire {SIQ} and the Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire {SSCQ} The result of the correlation matrix indicated a positive but moderate relationship of perceived imagery use and sport confidence with correlation value ranging from r=. 30 to . 77. The result further revealed an apparent significant {P<. 05} composite effect of the imagery use on the team sport players’ sport confidence. The reflection of the dual motivational and cognitive functions of imagery use for the prediction of the team sport players’ sport confidence was also revealed in the study.
Sustainable actions – through events in Brasilia’s perspective

This paper aims to determine the sustainable actions in the events held in Brasilia, Federal District, as well as to verify the perception of future operating events area of sustainable actions and identify the challenges and benefits that these actions can generate for the events and the community. To achieve the objectives, we used methodology, besides the bibliographic qualitative and quantitative approach research, as well as data collection through two questionnaires to students of the course of Technology in Events and producers that work with sustainability in events. The results showed the understanding of future events managers about the meaning of sustainable actions and showed the possibilities of sustainable actions that they can use in future events. In addition, it identified the social, economic, and environmental importance of the viability of sustainable practices in the events.
DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HESITATION PHENOMENA

The present study is an extension of Ishikawa (2012), which deals with a different set of sub-corpus of Ishikawa (2008), addressing the following three research questions. The first question was: Is the distribution of different types statistically significantly different from uniform? This research was originally posed by Shriberg (1994) in her study of first language (L1) hesitation phenomena. The second research question was: What are the relationships between different types of hesitation phenomena as well as the relationships between different types of hesitation phenomena and perceptions of task difficulty? In order to answer these research questions, a sub-corpus was analyzed, which was originally used in Ishikawa (2008). The final research question was: Are there any emerging differences in patterns of distributions of hesitation phenomena when task complexity is manipulated? The results showed that similarly to Ishikawa (2012), distributions of different types of hesitation phenomena were not uniform, and that several significant correlations were found between hesitation phenomena and perceptions of task difficulty and among
A Lower Miocene pyroclastic-fall deposit from the Bükk Foreland Volcanic Area, Northern Hungary: Clues for an eastward-located source

Detailed investigation of a Lower Miocene Plinian pyroclastic sequence that crops out in the Bükk Foreland Volcanic Area (BFVA) in Northern Hungary is presented here. The studied eruptive products are part of a ca. 50 metres thick pyroclastic succession comprising of a basal ignimbrite that is covered by stratified pyroclastic unit including a topmost ignimbrite (Mangó ignimbrite unit, part of the Lower Pyroclastic Complex). The investigated pyroclastic unit is part of the Mangó ignimbrite unit, and consists of a pyroclastic fallout deposit, a ground-surge deposit, and an ignimbrite, all indicating a complete Plinian eruption phase. This pyroclastic succession has been identified in three locations, which crops out along a ~20 km long, SW–NE transect in the BFVA (two in the western, and one in the eastern part). The pyroclastic rocks in these sites are correlated well on the basis of the lithologically and texturally similar layers and their identical field volcanological properties. The correlation is also supported by the paleomagnetic signature of the two ignimbrites (upper ignimbrite – declination: 275–302°, lower ignimbrite with overprint magnetization – declination: 320–334°). The paleomagnetic directions of the stratigraphically upper ignimbrite suggest that this sequence belongs to the oldest known pyroclastic rock assemblages of the BFVA (Lower Pyroclastic Complex, deposited between 18.5 and 21 Ma according to previously published K/Ar dating results in good agreement with paleomagnetic measurements). Based on proximal-to-distal variations in the grain size of the pyroclastic fallout deposit (with maximal thickness is 71 cm), a potential source region to the east (or northeast, or southeast) of the BFVA has been inferred in a relatively close distance (~5–15 km). The (north)eastward-located source region is also supported by comparison of the characteristics of the studied fallout deposit with the spatial distribution of selected Plinian fallout tephra from worldwide examples using their digitalized isopach maps.
Theoretical Issues of Training Future Agrarians in Higher Education

The article purpose is to introduce important theoretical items of training future agrarians in higher education institutions (HEIs) taking into account the views of modern scientists (Ukrainian and foreign) on professional education and training as well as outlining the priorities of higher agricultural education in Ukraine based on the experience of Great Britain. The methodology is introduced by different methods (analysis, synthesis, observation, description) of the research. There are research results in the paper. Literature on the study subject was analyzed and theoretical ground of agricultural education and training (namely the definitions of training, vocational education, vocational education and training, professional education, agricultural education, training future agrarians in HEIs), were clarified and generalized. The ideas about the nature of agriculture, its importance in modern society, and approaches to agricultural education were cleared up. It was pointed out that the aim and tasks of training future agrarians were correlated with the needs of sustainable agriculture, labor market and human resource development. The aim of the training of future agrarians in higher education is identified as the formation, development and practical application of a wide range of knowledge and skills which are mastered in different subject areas related to agriculture, taking into account such factors as climate change, sustainability, food safety requirements, etc., oriented the professional and personal development of human resources. The priorities in the field of higher agricultural education in Ukraine according to the current national and international tendencies were detected. Conclusions: there is the interrelation between the agriculture and professional education and training in HEIs; the clarifying the principle terminology provides an important theoretical precondition for future agrarians training in HEIs; the outlined priorities of higher agricultural education in Ukraine focus on economic, social and individual aspects and take into account national and international achievements.
Clinical Scholarship in Nursing: A Myth or Reality in Nigeria?

Clinical scholarship has been described as a cornerstone to quality nursing care. Clinical practice is a valued component in nursing as a practice profession, but there is dearth of research in nursing literature on how clinical practice contributes to nursing scholarship. This paper explores ways by which clinical scholarship can enhance nursing’s contributions to improving healthcare delivery and the health of the nation. The premise is that better education of the nurse clinicians will influence policy decision regarding nursing service design and delivery. The ultimate goal of the presentation is that clinical scholarship will not only improve patient care, it will increase job satisfaction, improve professional growth, create interest in collaborative research and partnership. Another message to be conveyed in this paper; it gives the nurse practitioner an inspiration on the benefit of clinical scholarship and how a framework for clinical scholarship can be developed in Nigeria.
Insilico Interaction Profile of Terminalia chebula Phytocompounds with Alpha Haemolysin of Multiple Drug Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

166 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021. 650121 Abstract: To evaluate Insilico interaction efficacy of Terminalia chebula phytocompounds with alpha haemolysin of Multiple Drug Resistance Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (MDRUPEC) strains. In the present investigation, Insilico interaction profile of the phytocompounds retrieved from PubChem amalgam database such as tannic acid, ellagic acid and gallic acid from Haritaki were evaluated against toxic protein Haemolysin (HlyA) of MDRUPEC strains. The glide module of Schrodinger was used to study the docking interaction of the compounds. Based on the Insilico research findings, ellagic acid found to be the best docking phytocompound with the scoring efficiency of -5.44. This innovative approach formed a framework for the development of new pharmacologically active phytocompounds as therapeutic agents for the effective aid for the illness of human population by the MDR strains.