Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Necessity of Resetting the Filter Criteria for the Minimization of Dose Creep in Digital Imaging Systems

Recently, Following the recent development of flat panel detector with wide dynamic ranges, increasing numbers of healthcare providers have begun to use digital radiography. As a result, filter thickness standards should be reestablished, as current clinical practice requires the use of thicknesses recommended by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, which are based on information, acquired using conventional analog systems. Here we investigated the possibility of minimizing dose creep and optimizing patient dose using Al filters in digital radiography. The use of thicker Al filters resulted in a maximum 19.3% reduction in the entrance skin exposure dose when medical images with similar sharpness values were compared. However, resolution, which is a critical factor in imaging, had a significant change of 1.01 lp/mm. This change in resolution is thought to be due to the increased amount of scattered rays generated from the object due to the X-ray beam hardening effect. The increase in the number of scattered rays was verified using the scattering degradation factor. However, the FPD, which has recently been developed and is widely used in various areas, has greater response to radiation than analog devices and has a wide dynamic range. Therefore, the FPD is expected to maintain an appropriate level of resolution corresponding to the increase in the scattered-ray content ratio, which depends on filter thickness. Use of the FPD is also expected to minimize dose creep by reducing the exposure dose.
Empowering through responsive information services: an evidence review of the Signpost project

1. Abstract This white paper reviews the evidence supporting and informing the Signpost project’s methods on delivering a digital responsive information service. We corroborate evidence behind Signpost’s work: that Signpost empowers users to make informed decisions related to their livelihood, safety and wellbeing in times of crisis. We find that Signpost meets a critical and often neglected need within the aid sector to provide trusted, timely, accessible, accurate, and context-adapted information. Additionally, with the COVID-19 pandemic underway at the time of publication, one section is dedicated to combating misinformation and how it helps build trust in communities affected by crisis. 2. Methods A thorough evidence review was conducted drawing from academic literature in sociology and public health, gray literature from the aid sector, articles from major think tanks dedicated to international affairs and development, and articles in the media. This review focused on the themes of, building trust in information services, empowering people with information, and combating misinformation. A review of evidence generated practice in the field locations where Signpost works was then conducted by topics related to the above themes, and considered data and metrics generated by the platforms Signpost uses, baseline studies conducted in contexts where Signpost operates, and regular user surveys conducted by the Signpost teams.
Extended spectrum beta lactamase producing E.coli isolated from Gorgan, North of Iran

Background and objectives: The increase of ESBL producing E.coli can create a tremendous difficult y for the health system. These isolates leads to rapid transmission of causative genes to other clinically important bacteria and synchronously increased resistant to other antibiotics. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of this isolate and related genes in Gorgan, North of Iran. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 218 isolated E.coli from urinary tract infection of outpatients referring to six medical laboratories in Gorgan, during 2010-11. The resistance to Cefotaxim (Mast Co.) was assessed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The confirmatory test for detection of resistant isolates was carried out by double disk method at the presence of Cefotaxim and clavulanic acid. The presence of β lactamase gene of blatem, blactx and blashv in ESBL was assessed by PCR method. Results: of 218, 70 isolates (32.1%) are resistant to Cefotaxim. Sixty-two (88.6%) of them are confirmed as ESBL producing E.coli. β lactamase genes of blactx, blatem and blashv can be seen in 28(45.2%), 26(41.9%) and 6(9.7%) isolates, respectively. Conclusion: the prevalence of ESBL producing E.coli in Gorgan is in the range of country average and blaCTX-M gene is the most common gene.
Effect of vehicular pollution on physicochemical parameters and accumulation of heavy metals along roadside soils in Sonamarg forest ecosystem

In an attempt to evaluate the effect of vehicular pollution on physicochemical parameters and accumulation of heavy metals on soil along roadside in Sonamarg forest ecosystem, soil samples from three different locations (Sonamarg, Baltal, Thajwas) comprising of disturbed and undisturbed sites were collected. The results indicated that the soils at all the study sites fall in the sandy loam class. Significant increase was recorded in soil pH and electrical conductivity in disturbed sites during both autumn and spring seasons. Moisture content was found higher at undisturbed sites in both the seasons and spring season recorded higher moisture content than the autumn season at all the locations and sites as well. Results showed that the heavy metals were of the ranges: Pb (0.173-1.283ppm), Zn (1.215-4.045ppm), Ni (0.637-1.753ppm), Cu (0.425-1.124ppm) and Cd (0.037-0.093ppm) respectively. Soil heavy metal concentration significantly decreased with increase in distance from the roadside. Autumn season showed higher depositions of heavy metals along the road than the spring season. Furthermore, the concentration of Zn was observed to be highest followed by Ni, Pb, Cu and Cd with mean values of 4.045, 1.753, 1.283, 1.124 and 0.093 ppm respectively.
Heterosis for the root distribution trait in common bean

Heterosis has been one of the most studied phenomena since genetic studies were conceived. Knowledge of this phenomenon for the root distribution trait in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can favour the development of genotypes that are more tolerant to abiotic stresses. This study aimed to verify the occurrence of heterosis for the root distribution trait in hybrid F1 populations of common bean derived from crosses within and between gene groups. Thirty-six populations (six parents and 30 hybrids) were evaluated under field conditions in the agricultural years 2016/17 and 2017/18. The root distribution was assessed with the adapted Bohm method. The genotypes responded similarly to environmental changes (absence of an interaction). However, the root distribution differed significantly between the agricultural years. Comparisons between the mean of hybrids from crosses within each gene pool and the mean of parents did not reveal heterosis. The comparisons between gene groups showed significant differences only between BRS Embaixador x IPR Uirapuru, CBS 14 x IPR Uirapuru, and BAF 53 x IPR Uirapuru and the mean of parents. The absence of heterosis in the root trait can be explained by the degree of kinship between the gene groups, as well as some epistatic interactions.
The Phytotoxic Effects of Methomyl and Imidacloprid Insecticides on Tomato local Variety in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Imidacloprid and Methomyl are systemic insecticides used widely for controlling insects infesting crops grown in greenhouses. The experiment was conducted on tomato (Hassawi, Local Varity in Eastern part of Saudi Arabia) to study the phytotoxicity effect of the tested insecticides at various application rates. Imidacloprid was tested at (25, 50, 100, and 150 active ingredient (a.i) g/100L water), and Methomylat (15, 35, 50 and 70g a.i/100L). Both insecticides were shown to have negative effect on the growth of old and new parts (stem, leave and shoot) of tomato variety used for the experiment. The symptoms of leaf chlorosis of the old leaves and distorted growth and marginal necrosis of newer leaves were developed after 3 days of application with the highest rate for both insecticide experiments. When application at the lower rate, the phytotoxicity symptom was developed within the second week of application. The size of the new shoot was affected by high rate of application for both Imidacloprid and Methomyl and that was reflected in the reduction of the weight of dried shoot. In case of old leaf, despite the significant differences between the treatment and the reduction in dry weight in correlation with application rates were small. However, the lowest application rates of both tested insecticides showeda positive stimulation in the new growth that emerged after treatments, even though the lowest rate at (25g a.i/100L) of Imidacloprid caused some phytotoxicity
Coyote diets in a longleaf pine ecosystem

The ecological implications of coyote Canis latrans colonization of the eastern USA have drawn considerable interest from land managers and the general public. The ability to predict how these ecosystems, which have lacked larger predators for decades, would respond to the invasion of this highly adaptable species needs an understanding of coyote foraging behavior given local resource availability. Therefore, we examined the diet of coyotes in a longleaf pine Pinus palustrus ecosystem from 2007–2012. We examined 673 coyote scats collected on the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center in southwestern Georgia. We observed considerable seasonality in coyote use of rodents, white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus, rabbits and vegetation. Coyotes exploited anthropogenic food sources, particularly waste peanuts Arachis hypogaea, during the fall and winter when native soft mast was not available. Adult white-tailed deer were consumed during every month and was not limited to the pulse of carrion availability from hunter-harvested animals, suggesting the use of adult white-tailed deer may not be restricted to scavenging in this system. We found mesomammals, including armadillos Dasypus novemcinctus, raccoons Procyon lotor, Virginia opossums Didelphis viginiana, bobcats Lynx rufus, grey foxes Urocyon cineroargenteus and striped skunks Mephitis mephitis in approximately 18% of coyote scats from January–August. On our site, and some adjacent properties, the use of predator trapping focused primarily on Virginia opossum, raccoon, coyote, bobcat and gray fox, to increase northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus production may have resulted in increased use of mesomammals through scavenging. We offer evidence that coyote colonization may alter food web dynamics in longleaf pine ecosystems through depredation of white-tailed deer and by influencing the mesomammal guild through direct predation and competition for rodents, rabbits, carrion and soft mast.
DETECTION METHOD FOR “DENIAL OF SERVICE” ATTACKS ON WEB APPLICATIONS

: A method for detecting denial-of-service attacks on web applications based on the use of a multi-layer perceptron is considered. The main issues related to the use of the neural network are described: the process of collecting and preparing statistical data, the features of forming indicators that characterize the state of the web application, as well as the issues of training and evaluating the quality of the neural network
A Remarkable Coexistence of Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome and Diabetes in an 11-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS) is a rare disease characterized by unexplained reversible capillary hyperpermeability followed by hypoperfusion, hemoconcentration, and either hypoalbuminemia or total hypoproteinemia. An 11-year-old boy was admitted with vomiting, generalized edema, and hyperglycemia, which was preceded by 5 days of coryzal symptoms, lethargy, and oral aft, without fever. On physical examination, he had tachycardia and hypotension, with severe generalized systemic nonitchy edema, and the laboratory tests supported the conclusion that he had severe hemoconcentration with hemoglobin: 184 g/L, hematocrit: 51.3 %, urea: 20 mmol/L, blood glucose: 11.1 mmol/L, and albumin: 19 gr/L, with normal urine analysis. On the fourth day, the patient was diagnosed with ISCLS, by ruling out other causes of shock and hypoalbuminemia. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment regimen was administered on two consecutive days (day five and day six). His edema decreased on the fifth day, and the patient was deemed clinically well. There was no compartment syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, or pulmonary edema in the recovery period. However, respiratory virus panel PCR was positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and enterovirus, which were thought to be the triggering cause of ISCLS. For the differential diagnosis of diabetes, his fasting serum glucose was 13.4 mmol/L, simultaneous C-peptide was 0.44 nmol/L, and HbA1c was 64 mmol/mol, and urine ketone was positive. However, antiglutamic acid decarboxylase, anti-insulin antibody, and islet cell antibody were negative. At the last outpatient visit, 22 months after the diagnosis, his insulin dose was still 0.4 IU/kg/day and HbA1c was 40 mmol/mol, and without prophylaxis, there was no ISCLS attack. Conclusion. Early recognition of ISCLS is important for therapeutic awareness, since it is very rare in childhood and occurs usually without any prior provoking factors in healthy children. With the increase in awareness of the disease, knowledge and experiences about pediatric patients may also increase. We think that our case will contribute to the literature since there have been no pediatric diabetic patients with ISCLS reported.
Band-Gap Tunable Colloidal Perovskite Nanocrystals Functionalized with Formamidinium Cation for Photodetector Application

Colloidal quantum dots of lead halide perovskites (PQDs) have drawn much attention in the field of various optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, lasers and light emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their sizeand composition-dependent optical bandgaps (Eg), high absorption coefficient, defect tolerance band structure and narrow band emission. Various PQDs such as CsPbI3, FAPbI3, and Cs1-xFAxPbI3 have been largely used as a photovoltaic absorber in room-temperature and solution-processed thin film solar cells because of the use of pre-crystallized PQDs while fabricating the PQD thin films, which lead to the absence of thermal annealing process normally used in conventional perovskite thin film approach. For analysing the charge transport properties, the PQDs could be employed on photodetectors. Because of low trap density, long carrier life time and diffusion length, PQDs are an ideal material to improve the performance of the photodetectors. PQDs are used a semiconducting material in the photodetector which absorbs the incident photon and generate the electronhole pair. Photocurrent is generated as result of extraction of the charge carries with the application of external or build-in electric field. In particular, transistor-type photodetector is used, as the photoresponsivity of the material increases without the loss of response speed. During the operation of the device, the high mobility of the material is obtained through the accumulation of charge carriers across the channel. Also, due to the reduced recombination rate of the photogenerated electron-hole pair, the carrier life time is increased. In this work, we introduce a strategy to improve the inherent charge transporting of the PQDs thin film by selective removal of anionic oleates and cationic oleylammonium. First, to study on the optical properties of the PQDs, CsPbI3 and FAPbI3 are synthesised through hot injection method. The A-site interplay between the CsPbI3 and FAPbI3 leads to the formation of Cs1-xFAxPbI3 through controlled cation exchange reaction. Also, since the amount of ligands bound to each PQDs varies after the synthesis, the removal and replacement of the surface passivating long chain ligands with a short chain ligand through ligand exchange mechanism improves the coupling between the quantum dots. Furthermore, to study the inherent charge transport mechanism, incorporating the PQDs in transistor-type photodetector lead to many significant observations.
Antibacterial Activity of Aloe vera Essential Oil against Skin Infection with Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in vivo Studies

Antibacterial activity of aloe vera essential oil extract (0.8gm/100 µl) was investigated in multi-drug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus specimen isolated from patients with skin infection in Baghdad. Aloe vera essential oil extract showed obvious antistaphylococcal activity probably due to the presence of Anthraquinones components of aloe vera which include (aloin 2.3%, isobarbaloin 36.1%, anthranol 42.6%, aloectic acid 16.8%,and aloe emodin 2.1%). Fast liquid chromatography was used to separate these components. Antibiotics combinations revealed that Aloe vera essential oil with Clindamycin against MDR isolates of S. aureus showed a synergistic effect when used as 1/4 MIC for each antimicrobial. In vivo study was executed to determine antibacterial activity of these compounds by induction of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus in mice and the treatment begun after 4hrs later and continue to seven days then skin biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological examination. According to the results of this study, we can conclude that aloe vera essential oil has remarkable antistaphylococcal activity. Combination of aloe vera essential oil with Clindamycin was more effective than Clindamycin alone in treatment of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus.
The impact of CSR on brand image: a survey amongst Gen Z Consumers´ perception toward a supermarket chain in Viet Nam

The topic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) continues to be a great importance to firms in their businesses, especially when the goal of company brand development associated with CSR activities. The study consists of literature review on CSR theories, concepts of brand image and quantitative analysis of the relationship between them, based on quantitative analysis of a survey on generation Z’s perception of CSR practices and brand image of Co.opmart – a well-known supermarket chain in Viet Nam. Research results show that some CSR aspects have positive impacts on the brand image of the supermarket chain.
Deep Learning Approaches for Dynamic Object Understanding and Defect Detection

Industrial product defect detection has been known for a while to make sure the released products meet the expected requirements. Earlier, product defect detection was commonly done manually by humans; they have detected whether the products consist of defects or not by using their human senses based on the standard. In this industrial era, product defect detection is expected to be faster and more accurate, while humans could be exhausted and become slower and less reliable. Deep learning technology is very famous in the field of image processing, such as image classification, object detection, object tracking, and of course the defect detection. In this study, we propose a novel automated solution system to identify the good and defective products on a production line using deep learning technology. In the experiment, we have compared several algorithms of defect detections using a data set, which comprises 20 categories of objects and 50 images in each category. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed system had produced effective results within a short time.
Effects of orally-administered melatonin and long-term exposure to light and dark on serum indices and gene expression of insulin and glucagon in male Wistar rats

We investigated influence of endogenous and exogenous melatonin on genetic and serologic aspects of secretory function of pancreas in rats. Thirty adult Wistar rats were divided into six groups. To achieve variable levels of endogenous melatonin, 10-day long-term exposure to light and darkness was implemented. Exogenous melatonin was administered orally (10 mg/kg of body weight). Blood glucose and serum levels of insulin, glucagon, and melatonin were measured by ELISA. Gene expression levels of insulin and glucagon were determined using the real time PCR. Results showed increase of blood glucose and decrease in serum levels of insulin after administration of melatonin without any significant difference in serum levels of glucagon. Gene expression levels of insulin in melatonin group were significantly lower than control group, while their glucagon was more. We concluded that oral administration of melatonin leads to increasing blood glucose, due to inhibition of insulin and stimulation of glucagon synthesis.
Review of IoT based Smart Village for the Rural Development

- this review paper presents different methods to implement IoT based smart village. Smart villages are rural communities which use innovative solutions to enhance their sustainability, built on local strengths and opportunities. The idea of smart village would help villages become self-reliable that can encourage foreign and domestic investors. Various techniques are also discussed, such as smart irrigation, safety, and soil testing, automatic street lights which are used for implementation of smart village.
GaN-Based 1-MHz Partial Parallel Dual Active Bridge Converter With Integrated Magnetics

In this article, a partial parallel dual active bridge (PPDAB) converter is proposed to lower the current stress over the switching devices on the low-voltage side. Gallium Nitride (GaN) transistors are used to improve efficiency and power density at 1 MHz switching frequency. Moreover, in order to reduce the number of magnetic components and achieve more compact design, with a unique three-leg core geometry, a new method of integrating three transformers and their associated interfacing inductors is proposed. The integration is able to shorten winding length and therefore reduces winding dc resistance. Moreover, wounding the secondary windings on each outer leg in the core enlarges leakage inductance, which can serve as the interfacing inductor $ L_{\text{ac}}$ in the PPDAB converter. Given that, a reluctance model to analyze coupling effect of the secondary windings as well as their current balance is derived and validated by finite element simulations. Based on both calculations and simulations, the proposed integrated transformer is found to be functionally equivalent to three discrete transformers, in which their primary windings are connected in series, and the additional $ L_{\text{ac}}$ inductor. Additionally, given the same number of the turns of the windings in each parallel module, the ac currents in these three secondary windings can inherently balance. Finally, a fully GaN-based 1.2-kW 1-MHz 400V/50V prototype with a peak efficiency of 97.51% is built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis.