Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inertial Nonconvex Alternating Minimizations for the Image Deblurring

In image processing, total variation (TV) regularization models are commonly used to recover the blurred images. One of the most efficient and popular methods to solve the convex TV problem is the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm, recently extended using the inertial proximal point method. Although all the classical studies focus on only a convex formulation, recent articles are paying increasing attention to the nonconvex methodology due to its good numerical performance and properties. In this paper, we propose to extend the classical formulation with a novel nonconvex alternating direction method of multipliers with the inertial technique (IADMM). Under certain assumptions on the parameters, we prove the convergence of the algorithm with the help of the Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz property. We also present numerical simulations on the classical TV image reconstruction problems to illustrate the efficiency of the new algorithm and its behavior compared with the well-established ADMM method.
Clinical profile of patients with systemic autoimmune diseases treated in the intensive care unit who developed diffuse alveolar haemorrhage - an observational retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND Patients with autoimmune diseases constitute a relatively low percentage of the intensive care unit (ICU) population but their prognosis is particularly poor, partially due to involvement of multiple organs as well as complications related to immunosuppressive treatment. Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is one of the most life-threatening presentations of autoimmune diseases, associated with worse outcomes. The aim of this study is to report about clinical factors associated with DAH in the ICU setting and to assess the survival in 5-year follow-up. METHODS This is an observational, retrospective, cohort study performed in the ICU of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland. We enrolled 21 patients treated for the first time in the ICU due to autoimmune diseases, who developed DAH. Severity of patients' clinical condition was assessed on the first day using APACHE II, APACHE III, SAPS II and SOFA scores. Mortality was assessed during the ICU stay and in 5-year follow-up. RESULTS The median age of the study population was 53 (18-78) years and 13 (61.9%) of patients were females. The most common diagnoses were granulomatosis with polyangiitis (38.1%), systemic lupus erythematosus (23.8%) and microscopic polyangiitis (14.3%). Most of the patients required mechanical ventilation (85.7%), renal replacement therapy (57.1%) and blood product transfusions (71.4%). Mortality in the ICU was 52.4%, while in both 1-year and 5-year follow-up it was 76.2%. CONCLUSION Patients who develop DAH in the course of autoimmune diseases and are treated in the ICU have a poor prognosis and often require advanced therapeutic measures.
The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Protocol: Bearer Tokens draft-ietf-oauth-v2-bearer-10

This specification describes how to use bearer tokens in HTTP requests to access OAuth 2.0 protected resources. Any party in possession of a bearer token (a "bearer") can use it to get access to granted resources (without demonstrating possession of a cryptographic key). To prevent misuse, the bearer token MUST be protected from disclosure in storage and in transport.
Levetiracetam Protects Against Cognitive Impairment of Subthreshold Convulsant Discharge Model Rats by Activating Protein Kinase C (PKC)-Growth-Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43)-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase (CaMK) Signal Transduction Pathway

Background Subclinical epileptiform discharges (SEDs) are defined as epileptiform electroencephalographic (EEG) discharges without clinical signs of seizure in patients. The subthreshold convulsant discharge (SCD) is a frequently used model for SEDs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of levetiracetam (LEV), an anti-convulsant drug, on cognitive impairment of SCD model rats and to assess the associated mechanisms. Material/Methods A SCD rat model was established. Rats were divided into an SCD group, an SCD+ sodium valproate (VPA) group, and an SCD+ levetiracetam (LEV) group. The Morris water maze was used to evaluate the capacity of positioning navigation and space exploration. The field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were evaluated using a bipolar stimulation electrode. NCAM, GAP43, PS95, and CaMK II levels were detected using Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. PKC activity was examined by a non-radioactive method. Results LEV shortens the latency of platform seeking in SCD rats in positioning navigation. fEPSP slopes were significantly lower in the SCD group, and LEV treatment significantly enhanced the fEPSP slopes compared to the SCD group (P<0.05). The NCAM and GAP-43 levels were increased and PSD-95 levels were increased in SCD rats (P<0.05), which were improved by LEV treatment. The PKC activity and CaMK II levels were decreased in SCD rats and LEV treatment significantly enhanced PKC activity and increased CaMK II levels. Conclusions Cognitive impairment in of SCD model rats may be caused by decreased PKC activity, low expression of CaMK II, and inhibition of LTP formation. LEV can improve cognitive function by activating the PKC-GAP-43-CaMK signal transduction pathway.
The knowledge contribution of engineers to software development: a case study

The focus of the authors is on the domain knowledge advantage of end user prototyping (EUP). The authors present the case history of an industrial engineer in an aluminum manufacturing company who becomes a sophisticated user of microcomputers and successfully prototypes an expert decision support system. Previous work in the field is extended and enhanced, and how EUP builds upon the domain knowledge possessed by end users, and thereby overcomes the domain knowledge deficiency of software engineers, is demonstrated. When compared to rapid prototyping by software engineers, prototyping by end users enables more effective utilization of domain knowledge. >
Detección de Eventos Sonoros en Señales de Música Usando Procesos Gaussianos Sound Event Detection for Music Signals Using Gaussian Processes

In this paper we present a new methodology for detecting sound events in music signals using Gaussian Processes. Our method firstly takes a timefrequency representation, i.e. the spectrogram, of the input audio signal. Secondly the spectrogram dimension is reduced translating the linear Hertz frequency scale into the logarithmic Mel frequency scale using a triangular filter bank. Finally every short-time spectrum, i.e. every Mel spectrogram column, is classified as “Event” or “Not Event” by a Gaussian Processes Classifier. We compare our method with other event detection techniques widely used. To do so, we use MATLAB® to program each technique and test them using two datasets of music with different levels of complexity. Results show that the new methodology outperforms the standard approaches, getting an improvement by about 1.66 % on the dataset one and 0.45 % on the dataset two in terms of F-measure.
Lacrimal drainage system anomalies in microphthalmia anophthalmia coloboma complex

ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the prevalence and types of lacrimal drainage system (LDS) anomalies inchildren with congenital microphthalmia anophthalmia coloboma (MAC) complex.Methods: This is a prospective, consecutive, non-comparative, case series of LDS anomalies in 31 children presenting with MAC complex. Previously untreated children with MAC complex, enrolled for socket surface and volume expansion during the study period from January 2017 to April 2018 were included.Results: Thirty-one patients with MAC complex were evaluated for LDS anomalies. Incidence of LDS anomalies in children presenting with MAC complex was 68% (42 of 62 lacrimal systems evaluated). Mean age of the patients at the time of examination under anaesthesia was 27 ± 25 (median 15 months, range 3–108 months). Proximal bicanalicular block (BCB) was the commonest LDS anomaly, noted in 15 (48%) cases. In patients with unilateral ocular disease (n = 20), LDS was affected in 14 (70%) patients and in 9 (45%) patients ipsilateral side LDS was affected. In patients with bilateral ocular disease (n = 11), LDS was affected in 7 (64%) patients. Three patients with unilateral anophthalmos (25%) had an ipsilateral upper canalicular block and contralateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction, of which one patient had a single canalicular wall hypoplasia along with CNLDO. No patient had punctal anomalies.Conclusions: LDS anomalies are seen in nearly two-thirds (68%) of children with MAC complex. The lacrimal drainage system anomaly is not limited to the side of the MAC complex. Commonest LDS anomaly is proximal bicanalicular blocks while punctal anomalies are unusual.
Multi-channel ad-hoc wireless local area network

Ad-hoc wireless networking with portable computers such as notebook PCs or PDAs will be one of solutions for face-to-face conferences without any paper based documents, view graphs and projectors. The proposed ad-hoc wireless LAN is based on code division multiplex at 2.4 GHz-band spread spectrum wireless LAN. This new system allows multiple ad-hoc groups hold conferences simultaneously. The concept of new system and experiments using our prototype is discussed.
Synthesis of 4,4-Difluoroalkenes by Coupling of α-Substituted α,α-Difluoromethyl Halides with Allyl Sulfones under Photoredox Catalyzed Conditions.

Photoredox-catalyzed allylation of α- gem-difluorinated organohalides with allyl sulfones proceeded smoothly under visible light irradiation to give 4,4-difluoroalkenes in good yields. In the presence of catalytic Ru(bpy)3Cl2, Hantzsch ester, and diisopropylethylamine, the reaction was complete within 2 h. Using the same methodology, three-component cascade reactions to give 6,6-difluoroalkenes were carried out successfully.
Ectopic expression of tea MYB genes alter spatial flavonoid accumulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Flavonoids are one of the largest secondary metabolite groups, which are widely present in plants. Flavonoids include anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols and isoflavones. In particular, proanthocyanidins possess beneficial effects for ruminant animals in preventing lethal pasture bloat. As a major legume forage, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) contains little proanthocyanidins in foliage to combat bloat. In an attempt to improve proanthocyanidin content in alfalfa foliage, we over-expressed two MYB transcription factors (CsMYB5-1 and CsMYB5-2) from tea plant that is rich in proanthocyanidins. We showed that, via targeted metabolite and transcript analyses, the transgenic alfalfa plants accumulated higher levels of flavonoids in stems/leaves than the control, in particular anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. Over-expression of CsMYB5-1 and CsMYB5-2 induced the expression levels of genes involved in flavonoid pathway, especially anthocyanin/proanthocyanidin-specific pathway genes DFR, ANS and ANR in stems/leaves. Both anthocyanin/proanthocyanidin content and the expression levels of several genes were conversely decreased in flowers of the transgenic lines than in control. Our results indicated that CsMYB5-1 and CsMYB5-2 differently regulate anthocyanins/proanthocyanidins in stems/leaves and flowers. Our study provides a guide for increasing anthocyanin/proanthocyanidin accumulation in foliage of legume forage corps by genetic engineering. These results also suggest that it is feasible to cultivate new varieties for forage production to potentially solve pasture bloat, by introducing transcription factors from typical plants with high proanthocyanidin level.
Challenges in the development of egg-independent vaccines for influenza

ABSTRACT Introduction: Current influenza vaccines are mainly produced from viruses propagated in eggs, an established process developed over 70 years. However, this technology presents some drawbacks and other platforms are under development or have been already developed in order to replace or to be used alongside the old one. Area covered: The present review provides an overview of influenza vaccine production, starting from egg-based technology, to cell-derived vaccines, until the novel platforms/technologies for the production of influenza vaccines such as DNA-based vaccines, virus-like particles and plant-based technology. Expert opinion: The ideal method of production should have certain characteristics such as great flexibility and scalability, the viruses should be representative of the circulating strains, process should be standardized and controlled, and it should be possible to start production as soon as the sequence of the new influenza strain is available. However, it is important not to underestimate the fact that some parts of the vaccine production process have been established for egg-based vaccines. Thus, changes in vaccine production methods are not merely ‘technical changes’; rather, they involve various aspects that slow down the authorization of new influenza vaccines and make the complete replacement of egg-based production unlikely in the near future.
A typesetter independent troff

Although TROFF has been the mainstay of document preparation at Bell Labs for several years, it has heretofore been very dependent on one particular typesetter, the Graphic Systems CAT. This paper describes conversion of TROFF to deal with a wide class of typesetters. Some of these typesetters provide many more facilities than the CAT does. Typical extra features include more sizes and fonts, larger alphabets, and the ability to create new characters and to draw graphical objects. The paper describes the enhancements that permit TROFF to take advantage of some of these capabilities as well. Revised, March, 1982 A Typesetter-independent TROFF
Sizing Subwavelength Defects With Ultrasonic Imagery: An Assessment of Super-Resolution Imaging on Simulated Rough Defects

There is a constant drive within the nuclear power industry to improve upon the characterization capabilities of current ultrasonic inspection techniques in order to improve safety and reduce costs. Particular emphasis has been placed on the ability to characterize very small defects which could result in extended component lifespan and help reduce the frequency of in-service inspections. Super-resolution (SR) algorithms, also known as sampling methods, have been shown to demonstrate the capability to resolve scatterers separated by less than the diffraction limit when deployed in representative inspections and therefore could be used to tackle this issue. In this paper, the factorization method (FM) and the Time Reversal Multiple-Signal-Classification (TR-MUSIC) algorithms are applied to the simulated ultrasonic array inspection of small rough embedded planar defects to establish their characterization capabilities. Their performance was compared to the conventional total focusing method (TFM). A full 2-D finite-element (FE) Monte Carlo modeling study was conducted for defects with a range of sizes, orientations, and magnitude of surface roughness. The results presented show that for subwavelength defects, both the FM and TR-MUSIC algorithms were able to size and estimate defect orientation accurately for smooth cases and, for rough defects, up to a roughness of 100 $\mu \text{m}$ . This level of roughness is representative of the thermal fatigue defects encountered in the nuclear power sector. This contrasted with the relatively poor performance of TFM in these cases which consistently oversized these defects and could not be used to estimate the defect orientation, making through-wall sizing with this method impossible.
A Training Data Set Cleaning Method by Classification Ability Ranking for the $k$ -Nearest Neighbor Classifier

The $k$ -nearest neighbor (KNN) rule is a successful technique in pattern classification due to its simplicity and effectiveness. As a supervised classifier, KNN classification performance usually suffers from low-quality samples in the training data set. Thus, training data set cleaning (TDC) methods are needed for enhancing the classification accuracy by cleaning out noisy, or even wrong, samples in the original training data set. In this paper, we propose a classification ability ranking (CAR)-based TDC method to improve the performance of a KNN classifier, namely CAR-based TDC method. The proposed classification ability function ranks a training sample in terms of its contribution to correctly classify other training samples as a KNN through the leave-one-out (LV1) strategy in the cleaning stage. The training sample that likely misclassifies the other samples during the KNN classifications according to the LV1 strategy is considered to have lower classification ability and will be cleaned out from the original training data set. Extensive experiments, based on ten real-world data sets, show that the proposed CAR-based TDC method can significantly reduce the classification error rates of KNN-based classifiers, while reducing computational complexity thanks to a smaller cleaned training data set.
Sintaxi i semàntica verbals en el discurs d'especialitat: elements per a l'activació del valor terminològic

La tesis, en el marco de la Teoria Comunicativa de la Terminologia (TCT), se propone observar los elementos de activacion del valor terminologico en los verbos fraseologicos del discurso especializado. Se describen, a diferentes niveles, la sintaxis y la semantica de los verbos fraseologicos de uso comun y frecuentes en textos de economia y de genomica, y se detectan diferencias y semejanzas en su comportamiento en ambos discursos de especialidad para establecer tendencias. %&/A partir de los analisis, identificamos las construcciones verbales minimas que son unidades de conocimiento especializado (UCE) y observamos si los verbos que realizan la funcion de nucleo sintactico de estos sintagmas sufren cambios semanticos en los contextos especializados. Asimismo, reinterpretamos la propuesta de factores de activacion de Adelstein (2007) para los verbos, y confirmamos empiricamente distintos supuestos de la TCT sobre la polisemia. %&/La tesis consta de tres partes: los fundamentos de la investigacion, el analisis sintacticosemantico del corpus, y los resultados y conclusiones.
Projective Synchronization of Delayed Neural Networks With Mismatched Parameters and Impulsive Effects

In this paper, the impulsive effects on projective synchronization between the parameter mismatched neural networks with mixed time-varying delays have been analyzed. Since complete synchronization is not possible due to the existence of parameter mismatch and projective factor, a drive has been taken to achieve the weak projective synchronization of different neural networks under impulsive control strategies. Through the use of matrix measure technique and the extended comparison principle based on the formula of variation of parameters for mixed time-varying delayed impulsive systems, sufficient criteria have been derived for exponential convergence of the networks under the effects of extensive range of impulse. Instead of upper or lower bound of the impulsive interval, the concept of the average impulsive interval is applied to estimate the number of impulsive points in an interval. The concept of calculus is applied for optimizing the synchronization error bounds which are obtained because of different ranges of impulse. Finally, the numerical simulations for various impulsive ranges for different cases are presented graphically to validate the efficiency of the theoretical results.
The first run of an electronic course book

The use of technology, and more specifically the Internet, has been an important advance for distance education. In the authors' case, they produced an electronic course book (ECB), accessible by Java-enabled web-browsers. The ECB is complementary to the written material and-at the same time-provides a means for course management. This work-in-progress describes the way in which the ECB is used, the appreciation of the ECB by students and the authors' experience with the development of single concept modules. The early results are based upon an ECB-based course that was given last year.
Dynamic model-based controller in the brain

The authors present a model of the neuronal network that performs adaptive control of the vertebrate cardiovascular system. The model incorporates new data on the cell groups and connections of the circuit, on the synaptic activity and discharge properties of cardiovascular neurons in the brainstem, and on the modulation of their excitability by nonsynaptic intrinsic membrane properties. Some of these data have been represented in a computational model, thus allowing simulations to generate hypotheses regarding design principles of the control system. <<ETX>>
A novel technique to develop thoracic spinal laminectomy and a methodology to assess the functionality and welfare of the contusion spinal cord injury (SCI) rat model

This study reports the advantage of a novel technique employing a motorised dental burr to assist laminectomy over the conventional manual technique at T10-T11 vertebra level in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Twenty-four female rats were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) conventionally laminectomised, (2) dental burr assisted laminectomised, (3) conventionally laminectomised with spinal cord contusion and (4) dental burr assisted laminectomised with spinal cord contusion. Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) score, postoperative body weights, rat grimace scale (RGS), open cage activity and rearing was studied at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days postoperatively, and area of spinal tissue affected was evaluated histologically. Laminectomised and spinal cord injured rats from dental burr groups showed significantly more weight gain and less weight loss respectively in comparison with respective conventionally laminectomised groups at various time points. Significantly higher RGS score was noticed in conventionally laminectomised animals on Day 1 in comparison to burr assisted laminectomy and presence of pain was evident until Day 7 in the conventionally spinal cord injured group. BBB score did not differ between techniques, whereas laminectomy groups showed more resting time than spinal injury groups. High rearing score was significantly higher in groups which underwent dental burr assisted technique at various time points with respect to their conventional counterparts. This study suggests that the use of dental burr assisted technique to perform laminectomy will bring refinement by producing less pain, aiding in better recovery, removing procedural artefacts without affecting the outcome of the model.
A gene dysfunction module reveals the underlying pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa: An update

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic skin disease characterised by repeated skin abscesses with sinus tracts and scar formation. Currently, the aetiology and pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa remain unclear. Genetic factors, immune disorders, hormonal abnormalities, skin‐microbial dysbiosis, smoking, obesity and mechanical friction all influence hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis. Moreover, hidradenitis suppurativa has a familial subset with autosomal dominant transmission proposed and is related to a mutation of γ‐secretase component genes. In this review, we analyse and summarise research progress regarding the relationship between the γ‐secretase gene dysfunction and the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa.