Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chronic Activation of the Kinase IKKβ Impairs T Cell Function and Survival

Activation of the transcription factor NF-κB is critical for cytokine production and T cell survival after TCR engagement. The effects of persistent NF-κB activity on T cell function and survival are poorly understood. In this study, using a murine model that expresses a constitutively active form of inhibitor of NF-κB kinase β (caIKKβ) in a T cell-specific manner, we demonstrate that chronic inhibitor of NF-κB kinase β signaling promotes T cell apoptosis, attenuates responsiveness to TCR-mediated stimulation in vitro, and impairs T cell responses to bacterial infection in vivo. caIKKβ T cells showed increased Fas ligand expression and caspase-8 activation, and blocking Fas/Fas ligand interactions enhanced cell survival. T cell unresponsiveness was associated with defects in TCR proximal signaling and elevated levels of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1, a transcriptional repressor that promotes T cell exhaustion. caIKKβ T cells also showed a defect in IL-2 production, and addition of exogenous IL-2 enhanced their survival and proliferation. Conditional deletion of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 partially rescued the sensitivity of caIKKβ T cells to TCR triggering. Furthermore, adoptively transferred caIKKβ T cells showed diminished expansion and increased contraction in response to infection with Listeria monocytogenes expressing a cognate Ag. Despite their functional defects, caIKKβ T cells readily produced proinflammatory cytokines, and mice developed autoimmunity. In contrast to NF-κB’s critical role in T cell activation and survival, our study demonstrates that persistent IKK–NF-κB signaling is sufficient to impair both T cell function and survival.
Growth of micro‐organisms in solutions of intravenous anaesthetic agents

This controlled bench study compared the growth of bacteria and yeast in solutions of commonly used intravenous anaesthetic agents at room and body temperatures. Drugs presented in aqueous emulsions support both bacterial and fungal growth. Five out of the six solutions supported the growth of yeast. The one exception was chlormethiazole. Which is both fungicidal and bactericidal. Solutions of drugs which will support growth of micro‐organisms should be used with great care and they should not be stored or infused over prolonged periods.
A rough set-based hybrid method to text categorization

In this paper we present a hybrid text categorization method based on Rough Sets theory. A central problem in good text classification for information filtering and retrieval (IF/IR) is the high dimensionality of the data. It may contain many unnecessary and irrelevant features. To cope with this problem, we propose a hybrid technique using Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) and Rough Sets theory (RS) to alleviate this situation. Given corpora of documents and a training set of examples of classified documents, the technique locates a minimal set of co-ordinate keywords to distinguish between classes of documents, reducing the dimensionality of the keyword vectors. This simplifies the creation of knowledge-based IF/IR systems, speeds up their operation, and allows easy editing of the rule bases employed. Besides, we generate several knowledge base instead of one knowledge base for the classification of new object, hoping that the combination of answers of the multiple knowledge bases result in better performance. Multiple knowledge bases can be formulated precisely and in a unified way within the framework of RS. This paper describes the proposed technique, discusses the integration of a keyword acquisition algorithm, Latent Semantic indexing (LSI) with Rough Set-based rule generate algorithm, and provides experimental results. The test results show the hybrid method is better than the previous rough set-based approach.
High pass digital and analog filtering of the middle latency response.

Digital filtration with zero and standard-phase shift characteristics was performed on unfiltered auditory evoked potentials recorded from 10 adult subjects. Standard-phase shift filters were seen to distort the response. Mild phase shift distortion often augmented the IV/V-Na1 amplitude (auditory brain stem response). When recording the IV/V-Na1 amplitude on a narrow timebase (20 msec), we recommend using a phase shift filter that has a high-pass cutoff frequency approximating 15 Hz and a slope of 12 to 24 dB/octave, in order to take advantage of the observed phase shift augmentation. The augmentation of the IV/V-Na1 amplitude is at the expense of the IV/V-Na2 amplitude. Thus, this phase shift distortion is not desirable if a long timebase (50 msec) is used. If a high-pass standard-phase shift filter of 100 Hz is used to eliminate muscle artifact, a reduction in the IV/V-Na1 amplitude from phase shift distortion is seen compared to the zero-phase shift control. In site-of-lesion testing, a nondistorted waveform produced by digital zero-phase shift filtration is also desirable over a distorted analog response. It is recommended that the slow wave activity of the response be recorded with a timebase of at least 40 to 50 msec and with a filter that produces minimal or no phase shifting. The major recorded response will be the Na trough and Pa peak. Evoked response units with steep filters will phase shift the response and produce a reduction in the IV/V-Na amplitude and a concomitant augmentation of the latter middle latency response waveforms. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vaccination of Chicks with Live Attenuated Subtype B Avian Metapneumovirus Vaccines: Protection Against Challenge and Immune Responses Can Be Unrelated to Vaccine Dose

Abstract Live attenuated subtype B avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) vaccines from two different commercial sources (Vac 1 and Vac 2) were used to vaccinate two groups of day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks. The chicks were challenged at 21 or 49 days of age with a virulent subtype B virus. Parameters compared were persistence of vaccine viruses, their ability to induce humoral antibody responses, and the protection they offered against virulent challenge. Vac 1 virus was detectable for at least 14 days after vaccination, and Vac 2 virus was detectable for at least 7 days after vaccination. The serologic response after Vac 1 by using a subtype B-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was significantly higher than that induced by Vac 2, even though the titer of the recommended dose had a higher titer than Vac 1. After challenge at 21 or 49 days of age, both vaccines gave 100% protection against clinical disease. For the recovery of challenge virus, one of 10 chicks given the Vac 2 was positive by virus isolation or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on each occasion except on day 10 after challenge at 49 days. With groups vaccinated with Vac 1, no challenge virus was detected except on day 5 after challenge at 49 days, when one of 10 chickens was positive only by RT-PCR. This study has shown that commercial aMPV vaccines from different sources can provide identical protection in terms of clinical disease after virulent challenge and in their ability to induce humoral antibodies, even though the titer of their recommended doses is widely different.
Atom phase-locked coherence conversion using optical locking for ultralong photon storage beyond the spin T2 constraint

Using on-demand coherence conversion via optical locking, a dynamic coherent control of the collective atom phase has been demonstrated for longer photon storage beyond the critical constraint of spin phase decay time, where the storage time can be extended up to hours in a rare-earth-doped solid. Coherent transient phenomena such as photon echoes have been investigated for frozen phase decay via coherent population transfer using a simple deshelving optical pulse pair. Unlike the rephasing halt applied to two-pulse photon echoes, where optical decoherence is accelerated by spin inhomogeneous broadening, a completely atom phase-locked coherence conversion has been observed in three-pulse photon echoes, resulting in spin dephasing-free coherence control. Here, the mechanism of the atom phase-locked coherence conversion via optical locking has been investigated in a solid medium whose optical transition is imperfect, where partial coherence is lost via optical depth-dependent imperfect population transfer. The relationship between coherence loss and optical depth is analyzed, where nearly perfect photon echo efficiency can be obtained for ultralong photon storage in an optically thick medium.
Neuronska mreža u učenju kvadriranja brojeva

U ovom radu prikazan je postupak ucenja neuronske mreže s povratnim rasprostiranjem pogreske u zadatku prikaza generalizacijskog svojstva neuronske mreže za primjer kvadriranja prirodnih brojeva. Opcenito gledano neuronske mreže spadaju u jedno mnogo sire podrucje nazvano umjetna inteligencija. Glavna karakteristika umjetnih neuronskih mreža je u tome sto se one ne oslanjaju iskljucivo na determinsiticke matematicke postupke zbog cega svi ulazi u sustav ne moraju biti u potpunosti tocni da bi on mogao pravilno raditi. Osim samog postupka ucenja u ovom je radu prikazano i testiranje mreže koje se provodi nakon samog procesa ucenja, a cijela programska podrska, ukljucujuci i prikladno graficko sucelje, nacinjeni su pomocu programskog paketa MATLAB. Opis, ucenje i glavne karakteristike umjetnih neuronskih mreža prikazane su i detaljno opisane u uvodu, a zatim u nastavku slijedi prikaz i nacin ucenja i rada zadane mreže.
Asymptotic of Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations and application to the voltage distribution in cellular micro-domains

In this PhD I study how electro-diffusion within biological micro and nano-domains is affected by their shapes using the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) partial differential equations. I consider non-trivial shapes such as domains with cusp and ellipses. Our goal is to develop models, as well as mathematical tools, to study the electrical properties of micro and nano-domains, to understand better how electrical neuronal signaling is regulated at those scales. In the first part I estimate the steady-state voltage inside an electrolyte confined in a bounded domain, within which we assume an excess of positive charge. I show the mean first passage time in a charged ball depends on the surface and not on the volume. I further study a geometry composed of a ball with an attached cusp-shaped domain. I construct an asymptotic solution for the voltage in 2D and 3D and I show that to leading order expressions for the voltage in 2D and 3D are identical. Finally, I obtain similar conclusion considering an elliptical-shaped domain for which I construct an asymptotic solution for the voltage in 2D and 3D. In the second part, I model the electrical compartmentalization in dendritic spines. Based on numerical simulations, I show how spines non-cylindrical geometry leads to concentration polarization effects. I then compare my model to experimental data of microscopy imaging. I develop a deconvolution method to recover the fast voltage dynamic from the data. I estimate the neck resistance, and we found that, contrary to Ohm's law, the spine neck resistance can be inversely proportional to its radius.
Analyse non linéaire de la parole pour la détection des voix pathologiques

Le present travail s'inscrit dans le cadre de mon projet de n d'etudes en vu de l'obtention du diplome national d'ingenieur en telecommunications. Ce projet porte sur l'analyse et le traitement non-lineaire du signal pour mettre en place des descripteurs de voix permettant de separer les voix pathologiques des voix normales. A n de contribuer a etablir des mesures objectives permettant de re eter au mieux la qualite de la voix, on se propose en premier lieu d'utiliser l'algorithme de detection des instants de fermeture de la glotte (IFG) developpe dans l'equipe Geostat. Tous les travaux dans les etapes suivantes reposeront sur cet algorithme dont les performances ont depasse celles des algorithmes de l'etat de l'art pour la detection des IFG. Ensuite, on donne une nouvelle de nition du pitch ainsi qu'une nouvelle approche de son calcul. Le dernier stade consiste a exploiter cette nouvelle de nition du pitch dans le calcul de certains descripteurs audio standards : Jitter, Shimmer et HNR. On propose aussi de nouveaux descripteurs audio. En n pour evaluer la pertinence des descripteurs, des exercices de classi cation ont ete e ectues. L'exploitation de la nouvelle de nition du pitch a donne des resultats avantageux en terme de classi cation. Ceci est prouve en les comparant aux resultats obtenus par l'outil de reference Praat.
The hypothalamic paraventricular and lateral parabrachial nuclei receive collaterals from raphe nucleus neurons: A combined double retrograde and immunocytochemical study

Retrograde tracer injections of fluorescein‐ and rhodamine‐labelled latex microspheres centered in the parvicellular zone of the hypothalamic/ paraventricular nucleus and pontine lateral parabrachial nucleus revealed that 36% of the labelled neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus send collaterals to both structures. These cells were organized in a wellx‐distinguishable cluster within the dorsal raphe nucleus. By combining retrograde tracing with immunocytochemistry, it was found that less than 8% of the doublex‐labelled cells stained positively for serotonin. Of the remaining raphe nuclei that were examined, only the median raphe nucleus contributed a minor nonserotoninergic projection to the paraventricular or lateral parabrachial nuclei. Few of the retrogradely labelled cells in the median raphe nucleus contained both tracers. These results suggest that nonserotoninergic and serotoninergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, via collateral branching, may simultaneously influence the activity of two central nervous system nuclei involved in autonomic control.
Projections on the number of individuals with atrial fibrillation in the European Union, from 2000 to 2060.

AIMS Since atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, estimations on the number of individuals with AF are relevant to healthcare planning. We aimed to project the number of individuals with AF in the Netherlands and in the European Union from 2000 to 2060. METHODS AND RESULTS Age- and sex-specific AF prevalence estimates were obtained from the prospective community-based Rotterdam Study. Population projections for the Netherlands and the European Union were obtained from the European Union's statistics office. In the age stratum of 55-59 years, the prevalence of AF was 1.3% in men (95% CI: 0.4-3.6%) and 1.7% in women (95% CI: 0.7-4.0%). The prevalence of AF increased to 24.2% in men (95% CI: 18.5-30.7%), and 16.1% in women (95% CI: 13.1-19.4%), for those >85 years of age. This age- and sex-specific prevalence remained stable during the years of follow-up. Furthermore, we estimate that in the European Union, 8.8 million adults over 55 years had AF in 2010 (95% CI: 6.5-12.3 million). We project that this number will double by 2060 to 17.9 million (95% CI: 13.6-23.7 million) if the age- and sex-specific prevalence remains stable. CONCLUSION We estimate that from 2010 to 2060, the number of adults 55 years and over with AF in the European Union will more than double. As AF is associated with significant morbidities and mortality, this increasing number of individuals with AF may have major public health implications.
First dinuclear copper/gallium complexes: supporting Cu0 and Cu(I) centres by low-valent organogallium ligands.

The synthesis and structural characterisation of low-valent dinuclear copper(I) and copper(0) complexes supported by organogallium ligands has been accomplished for the first time by the reductive coordination reaction of [GaCp*] (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) and [Ga(ddp)] (ddp=HC(CMeNC(6)H(3)-2,6-iPr(2))(2) 2-diisopropylphenylamino-4-diisopropylphenylimino-2-pentene) with readily available copper(II) and copper(I) precursors. The treatment of CuBr(2) and Cu(OTf)(2) (OTf=CF(3)SO(3)) with [Ga(ddp)] under mild conditions resulted in elimination of [Ga(L)(2)(ddp)] (L=Br, OTf) and afforded the novel gallium(I)/copper(I) compounds [{(ddp)GaCu(L)}(2)] (L=Br (1), OTf (2)). The single-crystal X-ray structure determinations of 1 and 2 reveal that these molecules are composed of {(ddp)GaCu(L)} dimeric units, with planar Cu(I)-Ga(I) four-membered rings and short Cu(I). Cu(I) distances, with 2 exhibiting the shortest Cu(I)Cu(I) contact reported to date of 2.277(3) A. The all-gallium coordinated dinuclear [Cu(2)(GaCp*)(mu-GaCp*)(3)Ga(OTf)(3)] (3) is formed when Cu(OTf)(2) is combined with [GaCp*] instead of [Ga(ddp)]. Notably, in the course of this redox reaction Lewis acidic Ga(OTf)(3) is formed, which coordinates to one of the electron-rich copper(0) centres. Compound 3 is suggested as the first case of a structurally characterised complex of copper(0). By changing the copper(II) to a copper(I) source, that is, [Cu(cod)(2)][OTf] (cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene), the salt [Cu(2)(GaCp*)(3)(mu-GaCp*)(2)][OTf](2) (4) is formed, the cationic part of which is related to previously described isoelectronic dinuclear d(10) complexes of the type [M(2)(GaCp*)(5)] (M=Pd, Pt).
A DIFÍCIL BUSCA PELA CRISTALIZAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL PELA PERSPECTIVA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO TECNOLÓGICO

A tecnologia e o meio ambiente sao elementos pertencentes ao campo da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Sociedade. D a sua interacao e possivel observar resultantes que impulsionam a uma racionalidade produtiva. As praticas produtivas dependentes do meio ambiente geraram formas de percepcao e tecnicas especificas para a apropriacao social da natureza e da transformacao do meio. Esse entendimento gera a problematica ambiental, que pode ser identificada pelo vies da perspectiva do desenvolvimento sustentavel como o momento de transformacao. U ma vez a participacao de outros autores e a geracao de outros interesses faz que o paradigma da sustentabilidade seja visto como uma ciencia e que a esta ciencia seja atribuida uma nova perspectiva. O desenvolvimento sustentavel pode ser compreendido a partir da interacao de tres areas. Os recursos naturais, ou o meio ambiente, como a “area ambiental”; o capital, como a “area economica”; e por sua vez, o Estado, representado como a “area social”. Desta forma, podemos formar utilizando estas tres areas o tripe da sustentabilidade que baseia o conceito de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel. N a busca de novos conceitos ou definicoes sobre desenvolvimento sustentavel, os avancos tecnologicos proporcionam novas discussoes. E a partir destas, novos conceitos, ou ate mesmo paradigmas, podem ser gerados. Podemos dizer que um conceito unico e imutavel deste desenvolvimento seria impraticavel. Esse seria, entao, o foco dessa discussao, definir sustentabilidade nao com um fim ou um objetivo unico a ser alcancado, mas o desenvolvimento sustentavel como um processo que permeia e orienta todo o desenvolvimento tecnologico de uma sociedade.
A new human ribosomal protein sequence, homologue of rat L9.

While studying full size sequences of the redundant transcripts from HepG2 cell (1, 2), we noticed that a clone dOg 12 (accession number in GenBank is Dl 1668) (2) is the homologue of the ribosomal protein gene reported in rats. The sequence selected in dOg12 was assigned to human chromosomes 6, 10, 15, 19, 22 and X by the PCR method (3) using the monochromosome hybrid cell panel (Murakawa, manuscript in preparation). This clone appeared 6 times, among 982 randomly-selected cDNA clones from HepG2, and Northern blot analysis of the mRNA prepared from this cell (4) using the dOg 12 DNA as a probe has shown that the approximate nt size of this gene transcript is 800. A full size cDNA clone haO3p was isolated as reported previously (1), except that an 'inside-primer' 5' CTTCTTT-CTGTAGCCAGGTAACTCT 3' was used to amplify the cDNA moiety by PCR. The sequences of both strands were determined except for the 73 nt extreme end region of the 3'-noncoding stretch that had to be excluded from the PCR amplification process. The total length of the haO3p insert was 689 nt, and has a 6 nt 5'-noncoding sequence, 104 nt 3'-noncoding sequence and the deduced protein consists of 192 aa. The poly(A) signal (AATAAA) is located at 23 nt upstream of the poly(A) stretch. The haO3p nucleotide sequence matches that of the rat ribosomal protein L9 gene (entry name in GenBank R.73 is RATRPL9) (5),
Liens entre niveaux perceptifs, performances auditives et réponses électrophysiologiques de la cochlée et du tronc cérébral suite à la stimulation électrique délivrée par les implants cochléaires MED-EL

Cette these porte sur l'etude des liens entre des mesures electro-physiologiques du systeme auditif de la cochlee au tronc cerebral, les reglages et les performances auditives d'adultes utilisateurs d'implants cochleaires (IC) MED-EL ®. La majeure partie des travaux s'est interessee aux ECAP (Electrically-evoked compound action potentials) traduisant l'activite synchrone des neurones auditifs cochleaires en reponse a la stimulation delivree par l'IC. Ceux-ci ont ete enregistres soit lors de l'implantation, soit chez des utilisateurs experimentes afin d'evaluer leur interet comme predicteurs des niveaux de perceptions. Nos travaux montrent que malgre de grandes variations interindividuelles, les ECAP sont lies aux niveaux de perception. Cette relation ne permet cependant pas encore une prediction suffisamment precise des niveaux de perception implementes dans les reglages. Les IC MED-EL ® presentent la particularite de presenter les donnees d'impedance brutes sous forme de matrice de voltage pouvant servir a estimer la diffusion du courant autour de chaque electrode, au niveau de l'interface bioelectrique. Une partie des travaux a cherche a evaluer les relations entre diffusion du courant et comprehension de la parole. Les resultats indiquent que la comprehension de la parole ne semble pas liee a cette mesure de diffusion du courant intra-cochleaire.La derniere partie de cette these a evalue les relations entre une mesure electro-physiologique de l'integration binaurale (BIC pour Binaural Interaction Component) et performances binaurales chez des sujets dont l'audition est entierement mediee par l'IC. Cette etude suggere que les sujets presentant des BIC identifiables semblent tirer un meilleur profit de la binauralite
A New Structure and Training Procedure for Multi-Mother Wavelet Networks

This paper deals with the features of a new wavelet network structure founded on several mother wavelets families. This new structure is similar to the classic wavelets network but it admits some differences eventually. The wavelet network basically uses the dilations and translations versions of only one mother wavelet to construct the network, but the new one uses several mother wavelets and the objective is to maximize the probability of selection of the best wavelets. Two methods are presented to assist the training procedure of this new structure. On one hand, we have an optimal selection technique that is based on an improved version of the Orthogonal Least Squares method; on the other, the Generalized Cross-Validation method to determine the number of wavelets to be selected for every mother wavelet. Some simulation results are reported to demonstrate the performance and the effectiveness of the new structure and the training procedure for function approximation in one and two dimensions.