Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pronounced energy restriction with elevated protein intake results in no change in proteolysis and reductions in skeletal muscle protein synthesis that are mitigated by resistance exercise

Preservation of lean body mass (LBM) may be important during dietary energy restriction (ER) and requires equal rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). Currently, the relative contribution of MPS and MPB to the loss of LBM during ER in humans is unknown. We aimed to determine the impact of dietary protein intake and resistance exercise on MPS and MPB during a controlled short‐term energy deficit. Adult men (body mass index, 28.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2; age 22 ± 1 yr) underwent 10 d of 40%‐reduced energy intake while performing unilateral resistance exercise and consuming lower protein (1.2 g/kg/d, n = 12) or higher protein (2.4 g/kg/d, n = 12). Pre‐ and postintervention testing included dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, primed constant infusion of ring‐[13C6]phenylalanine, and 15[N]phenylalanine to measure acute postabsorptive MPS and MPB; D2O to measure integrated MPS; and gene and protein expression. There was a decrease in acute MPS after ER (higher protein, 0.059 ± 0.006 to 0.051 ± 0.009%/h; lower protein, 0.061 ± 0.005 to 0.045 ± 0.006%/h; P < 0.05) that was attenuated with resistance exercise (higher protein, 0.067 ± 0.01%/h; lower protein, 0.061 ± 0.006%/h), and integrated MPS followed a similar pattern. There was no change in MPB (energy balance, 0.080 ± 0.01%/hr; ER rested legs, 0.078 ± 0.008%/hr; ER exercised legs, 0.079 ± 0.006%/hr). We conclude that a reduction in MPS is the main mechanism that underpins LBM loss early in ER in adult men. —Hector, A. J., McGlory, C. , Damas, F. , Mazara, N. , Baker, S. K. , Phillips, S. M. Pronounced energy restriction with elevated protein intake results in no change in proteolysis and reductions in skeletal muscle protein synthesis that are mitigated by resistance exercise. FASEB J. 32, 265‐275 (2018). www.fasebj. org
Supplementary online material to “ Information tradeoffs in dynamic financial markets ”

In this document I address how the information-market equilibrium works in an economy with more than two periods by deriving the value of information in the limiting case of continuous time and infinite horizon. This is meant as a robustness check to show that complementarities obtain even when the model features interim dividend payouts, interim consumption and a long horizon. A further motivation for this derivation is to connect with existing literature, namely the asset-pricing study of exogenous asymmetric information of Wang (1993). I use that model for the financial market and derive the corresponding equilibrium in the information market. The economy is made up of a continuum of ex-ante identical investors of total mass one. Every investor has constant-absolute-risk-aversion (CARA) preferences with coefficient δ. Everyone can invest in a safe bond with constant interest rate r and in a risky stock the dividend process of which is dDt = φD(μt −Dt)dt+ σDdB D t , (1)
Designing Video-Based Interactive Instructions

When attempting to accomplish unfamiliar tasks, people often look for tutorials to follow instructions. While it is easy to access online instructions shared by domain experts, navigating step-by-step guidance using existing tools remains inefficient. In addition, producing high-quality instructions that are easy to follow requires authoring expertise and a significant time investment in editing. This dissertation introduces video-based recording, editing, and playback tools optimized for creating and consuming tutorials from author demonstrations. Our interactive systems capture videos and high-level events that are important to a learner. Using video and audio analysis techniques, we develop algorithms that automatically produce high-quality instructions, which dramatically reduce the effort required for amateur creators. By introducing novel tutorial formats combined with video content, these designs in turn improve viewers’ learning experience.We present a series of authoring tools that enable amateur authors to create effective tutorials: 1) MixT is a system that automatically generates step-by-step mixed media tutorials from software demonstrations. 2) DemoWiz is a tool that provides an increased awareness of upcoming events in a software demonstration video. 3) DemoCut is a semi-automatic video editing tool for physical tasks. 4) Kinectograph is a recording device that automatically follows an instructor for filming a physical demonstration. 5) DemoDraw is a multi-modal system to generate step-by-step motion illustrations from author’s body movements. Current authoring practices from professionals are encoded into automatic algorithms and interactive techniques. These systems are evaluated through a series of studies, which demonstrate that users can efficiently create and follow concise instructions using our tools.
Tendons and ligaments: A morphological and biochemical comparison

The purpose of this study was to compare selected rabbit tendons and ligaments morphologically and biochemically. Five representative structures from each of six age‐ and sex‐matched rabbits were compared. Biochemical analyses included total collagen, reducible collagen cross‐links, quantitative collagen typing, DNA, and glycosaminoglycans. Histological and chemical differences were demonstrated between the tendons and the ligaments. Smaller differences were also found between the individual ligaments (collateral and cruciate) and between the two tendons (patellar and Achilles) that were examined. These findings suggest that ligaments are more metabolically active than tendons, having more plump cellular nuclei, higher DNA content, larger amounts of reducible cross‐links, and the presence of more type III collagen, as compared with tendons. They also contain slightly less total collagen than tendons and more glycosaminoglycans. We conclude that the tendons and ligaments studied have unique histological and biochemical characteristics, despite their gross similarities. Relatively increased metabolic activity in ligaments, implied by our findings, may be species specific, age related (transient), or may truly represent a structural expression of functional need for more rapid adaptation. Further investigation of other similarities or differences between particular ligaments (or tendons) is indicated, and attention is directed toward the importance of such variables in development of models for tendon and ligament studies.
Cytomegalovirus and adenovirus infections and diseases among 75 paediatric unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients

Viral infections remain a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A population of children who underwent unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in a single centre has been followed‐up for viral infections and diseases. We describe the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus among 75 children transplanted between 1989 and 2000. CMV was detected among 22 patients (29%) and adenovirus among 19 patients (25%); they were associated with clinical diseases in 10 and 8 patients, respectively. Four patients had adenovirus and CMV coinfection. The obvious risk factor for CMV infection is seropositivity of the recipient prior to transplantation. Adenovirus is detected significantly more frequently when conditioning regimen includes anti‐thymocyte or anti‐lymphocyte globulin. Diseases associated with adenovirus have been correlated with a significantly higher mortality rate, stressing the need for the implementation of a systematic virological survey for this virus and for the evaluation of therapeutic protocols including new molecules. J. Med. Virol. 72:257–262, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A COMPLETE CENSUS OF SILICATE FEATURES IN THE MID-INFRARED SPECTRA OF ACTIVE GALAXIES

We present a comprehensive study of the silicate features at 9.7 and 18 μm of a sample of almost 800 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with available spectra from the Spitzer InfraRed Spectrograph (IRS). We measure the strength of the silicate feature at 9.7 μm, S 9.7 ? > , before and after subtracting the host galaxy emission from the IRS spectra. The number of type 1 and 2 AGNs with the feature in emission increases by 20 and 50%, respectively, once the host galaxy is removed, while 35% of objects with this feature originally in absorption exhibit it in even deeper absorption. The peak of S 9.7 ? > , λ peak ? > , has a bimodal distribution when the feature is in emission, with about 65% of the cases showing λ peak > 10.2 ? > μm. Silicates can appear in emission in objects with mid-infrared (MIR) luminosity spanning over six orders of magnitude. The derived distributions of the strength of the silicate features at 9.7 and 18 μm provide a solid test bed for modeling the dust distribution in AGNs. Clumpiness is needed in order to produce absorption features in unobscured AGNs and can also cause the silicates to be in absorption at 9.7 μm and in emission at 18 μm in type 1 sources. We find the “cosmic” silicates of Ossenkopf et al. to be more consistent with the observations than Draine's “astronomical” silicates. Finally, we discuss the possibility of a foreground absorber to explain the deep silicate absorption features in the MIR spectra of some type 2 AGNs.
A study on the impact of neurofeedback in EEG based attention-driven game

Multi-disciplinary study of human computer interaction has provided significant impact in the fields of neural engineering, cognitive neuroscience, rehabilitation and brain-computer interaction. This paper evaluates the impact of neurofeedback in the context of a simple computer game controlled by attention based brain signals. The designed game protocol requires the player to memorize a set of numbers displayed in a matrix format, and to correctly fill the matrix using his attention based brain patterns. Attention level of the player, quantified using sample entropy values of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, is the core control parameter of the game. A comparative study using a single neurofeedback group and 2 control groups (each group consists of 8 subjects) has been carried out to examine the impact of neurofeedback on enhancing attention score and cognitive skill in the context of the attention-driven game. Experimental results explicitly demonstrate the significance and usefulness of neurofeedback in EEG based games.
A half mode inkjet printed tunable ferrite isolator

A novel half mode waveguide based ferrite isolator design is presented in this work. For the first time, tunability of the isolation band is demonstrated for a ferrite isolator. Instead of using the conventional antisymmetric bias the isolator requires a single direction of the magnetic bias field due to the half mode operation. Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) is used as the substrate for the device. The metallic walls of the waveguide are realized using inkjet printing. The magnetic biasing applied to the waveguide causes the RF waves to experience negative permeability in one direction of propagation hence providing isolation for this direction. For an applied bias of 3000 Oe, the device provides a maximum isolation figure of merit of 76.7 dB at 7.5 GHz. The isolation band can be controlled by changing the applied magnetostatic bias. As the bias is varied from 1500 Oe to 3500 Oe the center frequency of the isolation band varies from 4.45 GHz to 9 GHz. The measured response of the isolator shows that it can be integrated in any RF system requiring lower cost and good isolation.
Endothelial dysfunction: its role in hypertensive coronary disease

Purpose of review Coronary artery disease is the major cause of death worldwide. Hypertension is a major risk factor for developing coronary disease. It is now recognized that endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of coronary artery disease before structural changes to the vessel wall are apparent on angiography or intravascular ultrasound and that it has a prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. This review addresses recent developments in hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction. Recent findings Hyperaldosteronism causes endothelial dysfunction independent of high blood pressure. Exaggerated exercise blood pressure response has been related to endothelial dysfunction. Cyclosporin-A-induced endothelial dysfunction is related to reduced cholesterol content in caveolae. Chronic kidney disease induces changes in caveoli-1 and thus contributes to the reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, and causes oxidative stress independent of the high blood pressure. Asymmetric dimethylarginine plays a role in endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive patients independent of insulin resistance. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is an independent predictor of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Endothelial dysfunction precedes and predicts the development of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Oral treatment with L-arginine improves endothelial dysfunction in hypertensives and lowers the blood pressure. Summary The pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension is multifactorial. Recent findings have contributed to our understanding of mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and support a role for early intervention to prevent irreversible vascular and organ damage.
Use of monoclonal antibodies to distinguish pathogenic Naegleria fowleri (cysts, trophozoites, or flagellate forms) from other Naegleria species

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive to the pathogenic amoeba Naegleria fowleri were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence assay, Western blotting (immunoblotting), and radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Two MAbs (3A4 and 5D12) showed reactivity by ELISA with all N. fowleri strains tested and no reactivity with the five other Naegleria species, N. lovaniensis, N. gruberi, N. australiensis, N. jadini, and N. andersoni. These MAbs reacted with the three morphological forms of N. fowleri (trophozoites, cysts, and flagellates). The reactivity on Western blots was suppressed by treatment with metaperiodate, suggesting a carbohydrate epitope. Differences in reactivity patterns between trophozoites and cysts observed with radioimmunoprecipitation assay might reflect differences in biological properties. The formalin stability of the epitope may be useful in detecting N. fowleri in fixed biopsies and in investigating the pathological process.
Bipolar II Affective Disorder in Eating Disorder Inpatients

We examined the association between affective disorders and eating disorders in 22 eating disorder inpatients who were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version. The first series of 11 were interviewed as part of an interrater reliability study; the second series, done as follow-up to the first, consisted of 11 consecutive admissions. Overall, there were 15 bulimics and seven anorexics. Nineteen patients had a major affective disorder, and 13 (59%) had bipolar II affective disorder. Bipolar II affective disorder appears to be a common finding in hospitalized patients with severe persistent eating disorders.
Source number estimators using transformed Gerschgorin radii

We introduce effective uses of Gerschgorin radii of the unitary transformed covariance matrix for source number estimation. There are two approaches, likelihood and heuristic, used for developing the detection criteria. The likelihood approach combines the Gerschgorin radii to the well-known source number detectors and improves their detection performances for Gaussian and white noise processes. It is verified that the Gerschgorin likelihood estimators (GLE) are consistent. The Gerschgorin AIC yields a consistent estimate and the Gerschgorin MDL criterion does not tend to underestimate for small or moderate data samples. The heuristic approach applying the Gerschgorin disk estimator (GDE) developed from the projection concept, overcomes the problem in cases of small data samples, an unknown noise model, and data dependency. Furthermore, the detection performances of both approaches through the suggested rotations and averaging can be further improved. Finally, the proposed and existing criteria are evaluated in various conditions by using simulated and measured experimental data. >
Venous access for patients with chronic kidney disease.

ESTABLISHING and maintaining reliable intravenous access for patients with chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease presents special considerations unique to this patient population. These patients often present with complicated medical conditions requiring intravenous medical therapies; at the same time, there is a critical need to preserve the peripheral and central veins for future hemodialysis access. The native arteriovenous fistula is the preferred form of vascular access for hemodialysis, delivering superior patency with lower morbidity, hospitalization, and cost relative to synthetic grafts or venous catheters (1). For these reasons, the nephrology community has implemented a nationwide agenda to increase the creation of native fistulas in our hemodialysis patients. The National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-DOQI) was published in 1997, with specific guidelines relative to creation and management of hemodialysis vascular access (2). More recently, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services along with the regional ESRD Networks and the clinical nephrology community have developed and promoted the National Vascular Access Improvement Initiative (NVAII), with the specific goal of promoting more native arteriovenous fistulas in United States hemodialysis patients (3). Ultimately, however, our ability to create functional fistulas is critically dependent on the availability and condition of the patient’s peripheral veins. Frequent venipuncture and the indiscriminate use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) or central venous catheters can damage veins and jeopardize future fistula construction. Therefore, it is of paramount importance that patients who have or are at risk for renal failure are identified and their venous access be restricted to preserve peripheral veins for future vascular access construction. This important concept has been emphasized in editorials by Trerotola related to the publication of the original DOQI vascular access guidelines (4,5), and more recently in updated NKF-K/DOQI guidelines (6).
Improving endoscopy completion: effectiveness of an interactive voice response system.

OBJECTIVE To test whether an interactive voice response (IVR) system phone call was equally effective as a nurse-delivered phone call at educating and preparing patients for flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) and colonoscopy examinations. STUDY DESIGN Three-arm randomized controlled trial. METHODS The trial included patients with upcoming FS or colonoscopy appointments to test the equivalence of an IVR system to nurse-delivered phone calls in reducing appointment nonattendance and inadequate preparation for an examination. Message timing and satisfaction with the intervention were assessed. The 3 study conditions included the following: nurse phone call 7 days before the procedure, IVR system call 7 days before the procedure, and IVR system call 3 days before the procedure. All calls included an appointment reminder, information about preparation for the examination, and encouragement to prepare for and attend the examination. RESULTS A total of 3610 patients were eligible for the study; of these, 1229 (34%) were scheduled for FS and 2381 (66%) for colonoscopy. There were no statistically significant differences across the 3 study arms in appointment attendance or adherence to preparation instructions. Significantly more patients in IVR conditions reported neutral perceptions about the phone calls, and more patients receiving nurse calls reported very positive perceptions about the phone calls. CONCLUSION An IVR system call is as effective as a nurse phone call for ensuring that patients attend appointments and are adequately prepared for endoscopy examinations.
Bullous pemphigoid associated with internal malignancies: identification of 180‐kDa antigen by Western immunoblotting

Summary We report three cases of bullous pemphigoid associated with internal malignancies. Two cases were associated with gastric cancer and one with rectal cancer. Immunoblot analysis, using epidermal extract of normal human skin, revealed that these patients' sera reacted only with bullous pemphigoid antigen with a molecular weight of 180 kDa (BP180). The relationship of BP180 to malignant tumours is discussed.
Compact High-Performance Planar Bandpass Filters with Arbitrarily-Shaped Conductor Patches and Slots

This paper develops planar circuit filters consisting of arbitrarily-shaped conductor patches and slots on conductor-backed dielectric substrate, which are designed by optimization technique based on the genetic algorithm. The developed filter has multiple resonators and their mutual couplings in the limited space by using both sides of the substrate, so that its high-performance and compactness are realized. We first demonstrate the effectiveness of the present filter structure from some design samples numerically and experimentally. Then as a practical application, we design a compact UWB filter, and its excellent filter characteristics are verified from the measurements.
Printing meets lithography: Soft approaches to high-resolution patterning

We are developing a high-resolution printing technique based on transferring a pattern from an elastomeric stamp to a solid substrate by conformal contact. This is an attempt to enhance the accuracy of classical printing to a precision comparable with optical lithography, creating a low-cost, large-area, high-resolution patterning process. First, we introduce the components of this technique, called soft lithography, and review its evolution. Topics described in detail are the stamp material, stamp architecture, pattern design rules, and printing tools. The accuracy of the prints made by thin patterned elastomeric layers supported on a stiff and flexible backplane is then assessed, and defects are characterized using a new electrical metrology approach. This is followed by a discussion of various printing processes used in our laboratory: 1) thiol printing for high-resolution patterns of noble metals that may also be used as sacrificial masks; 2) confined contact processing with liquids in cavities or channels to chemically convert a substrate or deposit layers of materials or biomolecules; 3) printing of catalysts to mediate patterned deposition of metals; and 4) structured, light-guiding stamps for transferring high-resolution patterns into photoresists. Finally, we compare classical and high-resolution printing approaches, and describe their potential for emerging micro-and nano-scale patterning technologies.
A framework for e-government: privacy implications

Purpose – The paper proposes a conceptual framework of the stages of electronic government that describes and integrates the unique relationship between the government and its varied constituents, and identifies and applies the global constraints that affect the implementation of e‐government at each stage.Design/methodology/approach – Building on and expanding stages of e‐government suggested in prior literature, a framework is designed to recognize that the five stages of e‐government will have differing impacts when considering six different categories of constituents. In addition, the framework considers three global constraints superimposed on these stages and relationship; laws and regulations, technical feasibility, and user feasibility. The paper then provides an example of implementation of the framework by exploring the issue of privacy in electronic government.Findings – The relationships mapped the stages of e‐government, affected by global motivators and constraints, are unique and complex. P.