Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toggle switch: noise determines the winning gene

Bistable regulatory elements enhance heterogeneity in cell populations and, in multicellular organisms, allow cells to specialize and specify their fate. Our study demonstrates that in a system of bistable genetic switch, the noise characteristics control in which of the two epigenetic attractors the cell population will settle. We focus on two types of noise: the gene switching noise and protein dimerization noise. We found that the change of magnitudes of these noise components for one of the two competing genes introduces a large asymmetry of the protein stationary probability distribution and changes the relative probability of individual gene activation. Interestingly, an increase of noise associated with a given gene can either promote or suppress the activation of the gene, depending on the type of noise. Namely, each gene is repressed by an increase of its gene switching noise and activated by an increase of its protein-product dimerization noise. The observed effect was found robust to the large, up to fivefold deviations of the model parameters. In summary, we demonstrated that noise itself may determine the relative strength of the epigenetic attractors, which may provide a unique mode of control of cell fate decisions.
PENGARUH PUSAT KENDALI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL, EFIKASI DIRI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KOMITMEN KEORGANISASIAN KARYAWAN PADA PT. PASIFIK TEKNOLOGI INDONESIA

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of internal locus of control, external locus of control, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction on organizational commitments. This research was conducted on employees of PT. Pacifik Teknologi Indonesia. The research used simple random sampling. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to 114 respondents. The result of the research shows that internal locus ofcontrol has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, external locus of control has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, then job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, but self-efficacy has not a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. Simultaneously, internal locus of control, external locus of control, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment.Keywords: internal locus of control, external locus of control, self efficacy, job satisfaction, organizationalcommitment.
Intrapatient Alterations in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 V1V2 and V3 Regions Differentially Modulate Coreceptor Usage, Virus Inhibition by CC/CXC Chemokines, Soluble CD4, and the b12 and 2G12 Monoclonal Antibodies

ABSTRACT We studied human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) chimeric viruses altering in their gp120 V1V2 and V3 envelope regions to better map which genetic alterations are associated with specific virus phenotypes associated with HIV-1 disease progression. The V1V2 and V3 regions studied were based on viruses isolated from an individual with progressing HIV-1 disease. Higher V3 charges were linked with CXCR4 usage, but only when considered within a specific V1V2 and V3 N-linked glycosylation context. When the virus gained R5X4 dual tropism, irrespective of its V3 charge, it became highly resistant to inhibition by RANTES and highly sensitive to inhibition by SDF-1α. R5 viruses with higher positive V3 charges were more sensitive to inhibition by RANTES, while R5X4 dualtropic viruses with higher positive V3 charges were more resistant to inhibition by SDF-1α. Loss of the V3 N-linked glycosylation event rendered the virus more resistant to inhibition by SDF-1α. The same alterations in the V1V2 and V3 regions influenced the extent to which the viruses were neutralized with soluble CD4, as well as monoclonal antibodies b12 and 2G12, but not monoclonal antibody 2F5. These results further identify a complex set of alterations within the V1V2 and V3 regions of HIV-1 that can be selected in the host via alterations of coreceptor usage, CC/CXC chemokine inhibition, CD4 binding, and antibody neutralization.
Human-information interaction in epistemic activities

We use, work, and think with information to be able to make decisions, solve problems, plan, analyze, forecast, and learn. These information-based activities can be classified as epistemic activities (EAs), as they all involve or are related to knowing. Often, we use computational tools in the form of Visual Cognitive Tools (VCTs) to help us carry out these EAs. VCTs maintain and display information in a digital, visual form to mediate our EAs. They sit at the interface between the mind and an information space and participate in the 'interplay' between the two. This paper presents a framework for a systematic exploration of the anatomical structure of the space between the mind and a given information space---that is, the space in which the interplay between the mind and information takes place. The motivation behind the creation of this framework is to facilitate the analysis and design of VCTs that can effectively support our EAs.
A High-Voltage Solid-State Switch Based on Series Connection of IGBTs for PEF Applications

Pulsed electric field (PEF) technology is a promising nonthermal processing techniques that can be utilized to inactivate microorganisms in liquid food with high-voltage PEF. Herein, a high-voltage solid-state switch consisting of 64 insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) connected in series was designed and developed for the PEF treatment. Regarding the unbalanced sharing of voltage in series-connected IGBTs, the resistor–capacitor–diode snubber circuit was specifically used and investigated in terms of model of parameters. Furthermore, using gate drivers and optic fiber, the driving circuit and protection circuit were designed and validated. A 50-kV isolation level power supply was built in order to provide 16 independent IGBT stacks with 24 V of power each. The results show that the developed switch works adequately a delay time of 380 ns with 35.8-kV voltage and 44.8-A current capacity. Moreover, the response time of the short-circuit protection is acceptable as well with a reaction time of under $7~\mu \text{s}$ . In conclusion, the switch designed for PEF treatment of liquid food performs within set parameters and is ready for pilot-scale processing capability.
Dynamic Learning of SMLR for Feature Selection and Classification of Hyperspectral Data

Feature selection is an important task in the analysis of hyperspectral data. Recently developed methods for learning sparse classifiers, which combine the automatic feature selection and classifier design, established themselves among the state of the art in the literature of machine learning. In this letter, the sparse multinomial logistic regression (SMLR) is introduced into the community of remote sensing and is utilized for the feature selection in the classification of hyperspectral data. To relieve the heavy degeneration of classification performance caused by the characteristics of the hyperspectral data and the oversparsity when the SMLR selects a small feature subset, we develop a dynamic learning framework to train the SMLR. Experimental results attest to the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Serotypes and Endemic Diarrhea in Infants

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotypes were searched for in feces of 550 children with endemic diarrhea and in 129 controls, in São Paulo, in 1978 and 1979; serotypes O111ab:H−, O111ab:H2, and O119:H6 were significantly associated with diarrhea in children 0 to 5 months old and were the most frequent agents of diarrhea in this age group as compared with enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive E. coli, Salmonella sp. , Shigella sp. , and Yersinia enterocolitica. It is concluded that various enteropathogenic E. coli serotypes may be agents of endemic infantile diarrhea.
Explaining Puzzling Dynamics: Comparing the Use of System Dynamics and Discrete- Event Simulation

Both system dynamics (SD) and discrete-event simulation (DES) are used to help understand and explain puzzling real world dynamics. But what are the similarities and differences between these two approaches and which should be used in a specific circumstance? These are questions few have ventured to answer. In this research the two approaches are compared by developing an SD and DES model of the same problem situation, a fishery. An SD expert and a DES expert separately develop a model of the fishery through a number of evolutionary steps. At each step differences in the representation and interpretation of the models are identified. Overall it is apparent that while SD illuminates 'deterministic complexity', DES illuminates 'constrained randomness'. Either or both may be important in understanding and explaining puzzling dynamics. SD and DES should therefore be seen not as opposing modelling approaches, but as complementary.
Study on Effect of Company Rules and Regulations in Telework Involving Personal Devices

We surveyed employees who use personal devices for work. Residual analysis for cross-tabulation was carried out for three groups classified based on company rules and regulations established for mobile work. We show that the behavior of employees working with personal devices to process business data changes due to the presence or absence of the company rules and regulations. key words: risk compensation, residual analysis, telework, bring your own device (BYOD), shadow IT
Level of suspicion of a mammographic lesion: use of features defined by BI-RADS lexicon and correlation with large-core breast biopsy.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the categories defined in the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) are useful predictors of malignancy and to assess their positive predictive value. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was undertaken from July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. Of 568 abnormal mammograms for which largecore biopsy was recommended, 495 were available for review. The mammographic features of the lesions, as defined by the BI-RADS lexicon, were used to assess the level of suspicion. The lesions were classified as "probably benign," "suspicious" or "highly suggestive of malignancy. " These diagnostic impressions were then correlated with the histologic diagnosis made after core biopsy. RESULTS The diagnostic impressions before core biopsy were as followed: 16 (3%) benign lesions, 397 (80%) suspicious lesions and 82 (17%) lesions highly suggestive of malignancy. All benign lesions remained in the same category after core biopsy, whereas, of the suspicious lesions, 91% were diagnosed as benign, only 4% as malignant, and the other 5% as atypical hyperplasia. Among the lesions highly suggestive of malignancy according to the BI-RADS lexicon, 54% were found to be malignant at core biopsy. CONCLUSION The BI-RADS lexicon is helpful in discriminating between lesions that are probably benign and probably malignant from the mammographic features. However, the rate of malignancy in the "suspicious" category is low.
State Feedback Stabilization of Nonlinear Stochastic Systems

This paper studies the feedback stabilization of nonlinear affine stochastic systems, for which, sufficient conditions for the locally and globally asymptotic stabilization in probability are presented by means of Hamilton-Jacobi inequalities (HJIs). As corollaries, some previous results are improved. One example is given to show the validity of the developed theory.
Non-invasive characterization of motor unit behaviour in pathological tremor

This paper presents the fully automatic identification of motor unit spike trains from high-density surface electromyograms (EMG) in pathological tremor. First, a mathematical derivation is provided to theoretically prove the possibility of decomposing noise-free high-density surface EMG signals into motor unit spike trains with high correlation, which are typical of tremor contractions. Further, the proposed decomposition method is tested on simulated signals with different levels of noise and on experimental signals from 14 tremor-affected patients. In the case of simulated tremor with central frequency ranging from 5 Hz to 11 Hz and signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB, the method identified ∼8 motor units per contraction with sensitivity in spike timing identification ≥95% and false alarm and miss rates ≤5%. In experimental signals, the number of identified motor units varied substantially (range 0–21) across patients and contraction types, as expected. The behaviour of the identified motor units was consistent with previous data obtained by intramuscular EMG decomposition. These results demonstrate for the first time the possibility of a fully non-invasive investigation of motor unit behaviour in tremor-affected patients. The method provides a new means for physiological investigations of pathological tremor.
Magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of liver lesions in patients with extrahepatic primary cancer

Background: Liver imaging is commonly undertaken in patients with cancer history because, after lymph nodes, the liver is the most frequently involved organ by metastasesObjectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of liver MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) in characterization and detection of liver lesion in patients with extrahepatic primaryMethods: this is a cross sectional study of 70 patients with extrahepatic liver primary cancer who had their treatment in oncology teaching hospital underwent routine abdominal ultrasound to detect liver lesion(s) and suspicious cases then referred to MRI which was done in Ghazi Alharri and oncology teaching hospital from the period from 1st of September 2015 to end of November 2016, the patients age range from 31 to 75 yearsResults: hemangioma is the most common solitary liver lesion in patients with extrahepatic primary cancer which represent 27% of lesions detected followed by simple cyst which represent 13% of the lesions, in another hand solitary metastasis seen in 7% of solitary lesions while metastasis is the leading cause behind multiple hepatic lesions and represent about 38% of lesions seen ,unlike solitary lesions, hemangioma is a rare cause and seen in 7% of casesConclusion: MRI is a required adjuvant tool in evaluation of suspicious liver lesion ,its value was illustrated in characterization and diagnosis of liver lesions depending on their appearance in T1 ,T2 and fat suppression T2 sequences in addition to assess their enhancement pattern after dynamic IV( intravenous) contrast injection. الخلفية: يتم عمل تصوير الكبد عادة للمرضى الذين يعانون من السرطان، لأنه العضو الأكثر اصبابة بانتشار السرطان بعد العقد الليمفاوية. المقدمة: الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم دور تصوير الكبد بالرنين المغناطيسي في كشفو توصيف افات الكبد في المرضى الذين يعانون من سرطان اولي خارج الكبد. المرضى والطرق: هذة هي دراسة مقطعية ل 70 مريضا يعانون من سرطان اولي خارج الكبد والذين كان علاجهم في مستشفى الأورام التعليمي في مدينة الطب ثم خضعوا لفحص الرنين المغناطيسي في مستشفى الشهيد غازي الحريري ومستشفى الأورام خلال الفترة من 1 سبتمبر 2015 إلى نهاية نوفمبر 2016 وهم من الفئة العمرية بين 31-75 عاما. النتائج: يمثل الورم وعائي الدموي الأكثر شيوعا من الاورام الانفرادية في الكبد في المرضى الذين يعانون من سرطان خارج الكبد والتي تمثل 27٪ من الآفات اكتشفت يليه كيس بسيط والذي يمثل 13٪ من الآفات الانفرادية المكتشفة، من جهة أخرى انتشار الورم الاولي الوحيد يمثل 7٪ من الآفات الانفرادية، والعكس تماما حيث يكون السبب الرائد وراء الآفات الكبدية المتعددة ويمثل حوالي 38٪ من آفة الكبدد المتعددة ، في حين اخر ان الأورام الوعائية تمثل 7٪ من الحالات المتعددة. الاستنتاجات: الرنين المغناطيسي هو أداة مساعدة ومطلوبة في تقييم الآفة الكبد المشبوهة، وتتجلى قيمته في توصيف وتشخيص آفات الكبد اعتمادا على مظهرهم في مقاطعT1 ، T2، ومقاطع T2قمع الدهون بالإضافة إلى تقييم نمط اخذها للصبغة بعد الحقن في الوريد والذي يسمي بالفحص الديناميكي .
Metabolic Rate Depression and Biochemical Adaptation in Anaerobiosis, Hibernation and Estivation

For many animals, the best defense against harsh environmental conditions is an escape to a hypometabolic or dormant state. Facultative metabolic rate depression is the common adaptive strategy of anaerobiosis, hibernation, and estivation, as well as a number of other arrested states. By reducing metabolic rate by a factor ranging from 5 to 100 fold or more, animals gain a comparable extension of survival time that can support months or even years of dormancy. The present review focuses on the molecular control mechanisms that regulate and coordinate cellular metabolism for the transition into dormancy. These include reversible control over the activity state of enzymes via protein phosphorylation or dephosphorylation reactions, pathway regulation via the association or dissociation of particle-bound enzyme complexes, and fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate regulation of the use of carbohydrate reserves for biosynthetic purposes. These mechanisms, their interactions, and the regulatory signals (e.g., second messenger molecules, pH) that coordinate them form a common molecular basis for metabolic depression in anoxia-tolerant vertebrates (goldfish, turtles) and invertebrates (marine molluscs), hibernation in small mammals, and estivation in land snails and terrestrial toads.
Co-Channel Femtocell-Macrocell Deployments-Access Control

This paper explores the trade-offs of different levels of access control in a mixed femtocell-macrocell deployment with focus on reverse link (uplink) outage analysis. The aim is to identify and evaluate criteria that will help operators to assess the impact of allowing different degrees of access for macrocell users onto femtocells, and suggest some schemes that will be useful in this regard. I. INTRODUCTION Femtocells or home base-stations are low-power wireless access points designed to provide short range in-door coverage for voice and data in user homes and enterprise buildings (1). A residential femtocell will typically serve 4-8 users, an enterprise femtocell upto 20 users, and use as backhaul the broadband connection in the home or enterprise. Currently, femtocells are being considered by several wireless operators as an attractive, scalable solution to improve coverage and user experience, where users continue to ubiquitously use the same access terminals as they use on the macrocell network. Such deployments will also help share the increasing load on macrocell carriers, and therefore are expected to improve user experience in the macro-network too. Co-Channel Macrocell-Femtocell Deployment and Access Control:
Identify the Message of Ursula Le Guin’s The Ones Who Walk From Omelas though Its Thematic Structure

The Ones Who Walk from Omelas is a science fiction short story written by Ursula Le Guin. The story is about the socio-cultural condition in a city named Omelas. It describes not only the beauty of the city when they are holding a festival, but also the unseen picture that portrays contradiction rather than the festive event people celebrate in. By doing a thematic analysis, the writer in this study is going to convey the message brought by the story writer. This study is under the Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) focusing on the textual metafunction. There are two research questions suggested in the analysis. The first is what types of theme and mood contained in the story, and the second one is what messages by which the author wants to deliver. The theme, at the very first place, is divided into two categories based on the subject default, which are unmarked and marked theme. Besides, theme is classified into three types of meaning; experiential, textual, and interpersonal theme. For the mood analysis, there are three kinds of mood which are declarative, imperative, and interrogative. In the findings, it is found that the writer ends to use declarative mood in the story to describes the condition, while the imperative mood is used to invite the readers to follow the speaker’s ideas and the interrogative mood is to criticize the society. Besides, the author also tends to apply unmarked theme and preposed theme construction in the story.
Quelle statistique pour le Big Data

Tout le monde s’interesse au Big Data. Le public est de mieux en mieux informe sur les potentialites que les donnees massives recelent et sur les dangers que leur utilisation peut comporter. Mais tres rares sont ceux qui savent ce qui se cache « sous le capot » des nouvelles methodes. Statistique et Societe a demande a Gilbert Saporta, qui fait partie de ce petit nombre, d’eclairer autant que possible les non-specialistes.
The Effect of Tracking Students by Ability into Different Schools

The tracking of pupils by ability into elite and nonelite schools represents a controversial policy in many countries. There is no consensus on how large the elite track should be and little agreement on the effects of any further increase in its size. This paper presents a natural experiment where the increase in the size of the elite track was followed by a significant improvement in average educational outcomes. This experiment provides a rare opportunity to isolate the overall effect of allowing entry to the elite track for a group that was previously only at the margin of being admitted.
Association of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression with greater risk for suicidal behavior.

OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of suicidal behavior; a major depressive episode also increases the risk for suicidal behavior. The authors' goal was to examine the effect of comorbid PTSD and major depressive episode on suicidal behavior. METHOD Inpatients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode (N=156) were assessed for PTSD, suicidal behavior, and clinical risk factors for suicidal acts. RESULTS Patients with comorbid major depressive episode and PTSD were more likely to have attempted suicide, and women with both disorders were more likely to have attempted suicide than men with both disorders. Cluster B personality disorder and PTSD were independently related to history of suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS The greater rate of suicide attempts among patients with comorbid PTSD and major depressive episode was not due to differences in substance use, childhood abuse, or cluster B personality disorders.