Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Reduces Isometric Strength in Apparently Health Women

Muscular strength is considered one of the principal physical aptitude and healthy components [1] and its evaluation through manual grip, besides being relatively simple, does not involve considerable financial expenditures and possesses good predictive capacity. Therefore, it can have great value for triage in programs and researches considering physical activities and sports [2]. Suitable levels of strength and flexibility are important for good physical aptitude and healthy1 thereby previous works report stretching capacity in sport performance reduction [3], by neural and structural modifications due to muscular stretching [4]. Thus, this work aims to investigate the acute effect of PNF stretching method on the isometric strength of muscles used in manual grip of healthy women.
Kinetics of HIV-1 capsid uncoating revealed by single-molecule analysis

Uncoating of the metastable HIV-1 capsid is a tightly regulated disassembly process required for release of the viral cDNA prior to nuclear import. To understand the intrinsic capsid disassembly pathway and how it can be modulated, we have developed a single-particle fluorescence microscopy method to follow the real-time uncoating kinetics of authentic HIV capsids in vitro immediately after permeabilizing the viral membrane. Opening of the first defect in the lattice is the rate-limiting step of uncoating, which is followed by rapid, catastrophic collapse. The capsid-binding inhibitor PF74 accelerates capsid opening but stabilizes the remaining lattice. In contrast, binding of a polyanion to a conserved arginine cluster in the lattice strongly delays initiation of uncoating but does not prevent subsequent lattice disassembly. Our observations suggest that different stages of uncoating can be controlled independently with the interplay between different capsid-binding regulators likely to determine the overall uncoating kinetics.
Hepatic artery infusion of melphalan in patients with liver metastases from ocular melanoma

Ocular melanoma has a predilection for liver metastases. Systemic treatment is ineffective and the optimal regional therapy approach is poorly defined. Isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) with melphalan has emerged as a viable treatment option, however a subset of patients are not candidates for this treatment. We therefore sought to determine if melphalan could be safely administered via the hepatic artery for these patients.
Non-intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring (NIALM) System with the Possibility for Users to Follow the Consumption of Individual Electricity Appliances from the Calendar

This paper presents a technical system, which uses the non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NIALM) method. The solution enables the end user to observe the electricity consumption of the individual appliances. By dividing electricity consumption to individual appliances, it improves the users’ understanding of the overall energy use of the building. This way the owner of the building is able to intervene better with the energy consumption of the building. Observation of the electricity appliances is performed in a web application in a user interface calendar view.
A systematic progress model for construction method innovation

The rapid development of Construction Method has posed a challenge for construction industry. This paper utilizes current Technological Innovation Method to accelerate the development of Construction Method. The Rapid Innovation Model is established based on the traditional technology innovation. This model contains four parts which can be divided into nine steps: definition of problem, fundamental reason analysis, selection of target technique, functional model analysis, scheme evaluation, experiment method, effect evaluation, summary and further application. Moreover, this paper introduces the process of SPIP Method which contains three phases: interpreting the problem according to basic reasons, seeking the answer by patent analysis and construction model and getting the solution by TRIZ and invention principle. In summary, the rapid innovation model meets both the speed and the quality requirements of Construction model development, pointing out a new way of developing construction model.
Redistribution of CHH Methylation and Small Interfering RNAs across the Genome of Tomato ddm1 Mutants

The production of siRNAs and the CHH methylation mediated by the RdDM pathway are enhanced in heterochromatin when DDM1 is nonfunctional, at the expense of silencing mechanisms occurring in euchromatin. In plants, cytosine methylation, an epigenetic mark critical for transposon silencing, is maintained over generations by key enzymes that directly methylate DNA and is facilitated by chromatin remodelers, like DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION1 (DDM1). Short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) also mediate transposon DNA methylation through a process called RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), siRNAs are primarily mapped to gene-rich chromosome arms, and not to pericentromeric regions as in Arabidopsis thaliana. Tomato encodes two DDM1 genes. To better understand their functions and interaction with the RdDM pathway, we targeted the corresponding genes via the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, resulting in the isolation of Slddm1a and Slddm1b knockout mutants. Unlike the single mutants, Slddm1a Slddm1b double mutant plants display pleiotropic vegetative and reproductive phenotypes, associated with severe hypomethylation of the heterochromatic transposons in both the CG and CHG methylation contexts. The methylation in the CHH context increased for some heterochromatic transposons and conversely decreased for others localized in euchromatin. We found that the number of heterochromatin-associated siRNAs, including RdDM-specific small RNAs, increased significantly, likely limiting the transcriptional reactivation of transposons in Slddm1a Slddm1b. Taken together, we propose that the global production of siRNAs and the CHH methylation mediated by the RdDM pathway are restricted to chromosome arms in tomato. Our data suggest that both pathways are greatly enhanced in heterochromatin when DDM1 functions are lost, at the expense of silencing mechanisms normally occurring in euchromatin.
Ontogeny and Biology of Human Small Airway Epithelial Club Cells

Rationale: Little is known about human club cells, dome‐shaped cells with dense cytoplasmic granules and microvilli that represent the major secretory cells of the human small airways (at least sixth‐generation bronchi). Objectives: To define the ontogeny and biology of the human small airway epithelium club cell. Methods: The small airway epithelium was sampled from the normal human lung by bronchoscopy and brushing. Single‐cell transcriptome analysis and air‐liquid interface culture were used to assess club cell ontogeny and biology. Measurements and Main Results: We identified the club cell population by unbiased clustering using single‐cell transcriptome sequencing. Principal component gradient analysis uncovered an ontologic link between KRT5 (keratin 5)+ basal cells and SCGB1A1 (secretoglobin family 1A member 1)+ club cells, a hypothesis verified by demonstrating in vitro that a pure population of human KRT5+ SCGB1A1− small airway epithelial basal cells differentiate into SCGB1A1+KRT5− club cells on air‐liquid interface culture. Using SCGB1A1 as the marker of club cells, the single‐cell analysis identified novel roles for these cells in host defense, xenobiotic metabolism, antiprotease, physical barrier function, monogenic lung disorders, and receptors for human viruses. Conclusions: These observations provide novel insights into the molecular phenotype and biologic functions of the human club cell population and identify basal cells as the human progenitor cells for club cells.
Stochastic bidirectional training

We consider connectionist compression schemes using auto-associative networks, demonstrate the advantages gained by imposing different constraints on allowed network weights, and give a comparison with pruning of the unconstrained auto-associative network. In this paper we demonstrate the advantages for generalisation performance of constraining weights symmetrically using weight sharing, and by constraining functional symmetry by the use of enhanced backpropagation networks trained bidirectionally. In the process, we derive the stochastic bidirectional training algorithm.
Bráquetes estéticos - considerações clínicas

* Professora Titular do Programa de Pos Graduacao em Odontologia (Mestrado em Ortodontia) da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo e Coordenadora do curso de Especializacao em Ortodontia da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo e da ABCD-SP. ** Mestranda do Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Odontologia – Area de Concentracao em Ortodontia da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo UMESP. *** Especialista em Ortodontia e Mestrando do Programa de Pos Graduacao em Odontologia Area de Concentracao em Ortodontia da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo UMESP. **** Professor do programa de Pos-Graduacao em Odontologia (Mestrado em Ortodontia) da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo. Coordenador do Curso de Especializacao em Ortodontia da Sociedade Paulista de Botucatu. Resumo O objetivo do trabalho e demonstrar as caracteristicas dos braquetes esteticos disponiveis no mercado, dando enfase aos aspectos de interesse clinico. Por meio de uma pesquisa comercial e de revisao da literatura, discutiu-se informacoes uteis que possibilite maior conhecimento no manejo clinico destes braquetes, intensificando a eficiencia do tratamento orto-
IDEON/sup TM//IPPD: an ontology for systems engineering process design and management

IDEON/sup TM//IPPD is the ontology for modeling, analyzing, and managing processes within the systems engineering enterprise. IDEON/sup TM//IPPD is an extension of IDEON/sup TM/, an enterprise ontology that provides the conceptual foundation for modeling, analyzing, integrating, managing, and aiding the execution of enterprise processes. This paper presents the key issues in creating the ontology, discusses the underlying design principles and functional requirements, and describes the various entity types and their relationships.
Phonological Feature Repetition Suppression in the Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus

Models of speech production posit a role for the motor system, predominantly the posterior inferior frontal gyrus, in encoding complex phonological representations for speech production, at the phonemic, syllable, and word levels [Roelofs, A. A dorsal-pathway account of aphasic language production: The WEAVER++/ARC model. Cortex, 59(Suppl. C), 33–48, 2014; Hickok, G. Computational neuroanatomy of speech production. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13, 135–145, 2012; Guenther, F. H. Cortical interactions underlying the production of speech sounds. Journal of Communication Disorders, 39, 350–365, 2006]. However, phonological theory posits subphonemic units of representation, namely phonological features [Chomsky, N. , & Halle, M. The sound pattern of English, 1968; Jakobson, R. , Fant, G. , & Halle, M. Preliminaries to speech analysis. The distinctive features and their correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1951], that specify independent articulatory parameters of speech sounds, such as place and manner of articulation. Therefore, motor brain systems may also incorporate phonological features into speech production planning units. Here, we add support for such a role with an fMRI experiment of word sequence production using a phonemic similarity manipulation. We adapted and modified the experimental paradigm of Oppenheim and Dell [Oppenheim, G. M. , & Dell, G. S. Inner speech slips exhibit lexical bias, but not the phonemic similarity effect. Cognition, 106, 528–537, 2008; Oppenheim, G. M. , & Dell, G. S. Motor movement matters: The flexible abstractness of inner speech. Memory & Cognition, 38, 1147–1160, 2010]. Participants silently articulated words cued by sequential visual presentation that varied in degree of phonological feature overlap in consonant onset position: high overlap (two shared phonological features; e.g., /r/ and /l/) or low overlap (one shared phonological feature, e.g., /r/ and /b/). We found a significant repetition suppression effect in the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus, with increased activation for phonologically dissimilar words compared with similar words. These results suggest that phonemes, particularly phonological features, are part of the planning units of the motor speech system.
Cervical Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Narrative

Cervical ossified posterior longitudinal ligament is a common cause of myelopathy. It is frequently encountered in busy spine clinic with varied presentation; however there are lots of controversies in this topic. Etiopathogenesis and natural history is unknown and progression is unpredictable. Timing of surgery and type of approach is also controversial and many factors should be taken into account for surgical planning.
Feasibility of Synergy-Based Exoskeleton Robot Control in Hemiplegia

Here, we present a study on exoskeleton robot control based on inter-limb locomotor synergies using a robot control method developed to target hemiparesis. The robot control is based on inter-limb locomotor synergies and kinesiological information from the non-paretic leg and a walking aid cane to generate motion patterns for the assisted leg. The developed synergy-based system was tested against an autonomous robot control system in five patients with hemiparesis and varying locomotor abilities. Three of the participants were able to walk using the robot. Results from these participants showed an improved spatial symmetry ratio and more consistent step length with the synergy-based method compared with that for the autonomous method, while the increase in the range of motion for the assisted joints was larger with the autonomous system. The kinematic synergy distribution of the participants walking without the robot suggests a relationship between each participant’s synergy distribution and his/her ability to control the robot: participants with two independent synergies accounting for approximately 80% of the data variability were able to walk with the robot. This observation was not consistently apparent with conventional clinical measures such as the Brunnstrom stages. This paper contributes to the field of robot-assisted locomotion therapy by introducing the concept of inter-limb synergies, demonstrating performance differences between synergy-based and autonomous robot control, and investigating the range of disability in which the system is usable.
Improvement of Information Transfer Rates Using a Hybrid EEG-NIRS Brain-Computer Interface with a Short Trial Length: Offline and Pseudo-Online Analyses

Electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are non-invasive neuroimaging methods that record the electrical and metabolic activity of the brain, respectively. Hybrid EEG-NIRS brain-computer interfaces (hBCIs) that use complementary EEG and NIRS information to enhance BCI performance have recently emerged to overcome the limitations of existing unimodal BCIs, such as vulnerability to motion artifacts for EEG-BCI or low temporal resolution for NIRS-BCI. However, with respect to NIRS-BCI, in order to fully induce a task-related brain activation, a relatively long trial length (≥10 s) is selected owing to the inherent hemodynamic delay that lowers the information transfer rate (ITR; bits/min). To alleviate the ITR degradation, we propose a more practical hBCI operated by intuitive mental tasks, such as mental arithmetic (MA) and word chain (WC) tasks, performed within a short trial length (5 s). In addition, the suitability of the WC as a BCI task was assessed, which has so far rarely been used in the BCI field. In this experiment, EEG and NIRS data were simultaneously recorded while participants performed MA and WC tasks without preliminary training and remained relaxed (baseline; BL). Each task was performed for 5 s, which was a shorter time than previous hBCI studies. Subsequently, a classification was performed to discriminate MA-related or WC-related brain activations from BL-related activations. By using hBCI in the offline/pseudo-online analyses, average classification accuracies of 90.0 ± 7.1/85.5 ± 8.1% and 85.8 ± 8.6/79.5 ± 13.4% for MA vs. BL and WC vs. BL, respectively, were achieved. These were significantly higher than those of the unimodal EEG- or NIRS-BCI in most cases. Given the short trial length and improved classification accuracy, the average ITRs were improved by more than 96.6% for MA vs. BL and 87.1% for WC vs. BL, respectively, compared to those reported in previous studies. The suitability of implementing a more practical hBCI based on intuitive mental tasks without preliminary training and with a shorter trial length was validated when compared to previous studies.
A Digital Hardware Realization for Spiking Model of Cutaneous Mechanoreceptor

Inspired by the biology of human tactile perception, a hardware neuromorphic approach is proposed for spiking model of mechanoreceptors to encode the input force. In this way, a digital circuit is designed for a slowly adapting type I (SA-I) and fast adapting type I (FA-I) mechanoreceptors to be implemented on a low-cost digital hardware, such as field-programmable gate array (FPGA). This system computationally replicates the neural firing responses of both afferents. Then, comparative simulations are shown. The spiking models of mechanoreceptors are first simulated in MATLAB and next the digital neuromorphic circuits simulated in VIVADO are also compared to show that obtained results are in good agreement both quantitatively and qualitatively. Finally, we test the performance of the proposed digital mechanoreceptors in hardware using a prepared experimental set up. Hardware synthesis and physical realization on FPGA indicate that the digital mechanoreceptors are able to replicate essential characteristics of different firing patterns including bursting and spiking responses of the SA-I and FA-I mechanoreceptors. In addition to parallel computation, a main advantage of this method is that the mechanoreceptor digital circuits can be implemented in real-time through low-power neuromorphic hardware. This novel engineering framework is generally suitable for use in robotic and hand-prosthetic applications, so progressing the state of the art for tactile sensing.
Diabetic Macular Edema Grading Based on Deep Neural Networks

Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) is a major cause of vision loss in diabetes. Its early detection and treatment is therefore a vital task in management of diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, we propose a new feature-learning approach for grading the severity of DME using color retinal fundus images. An automated DME diagnosis system based on the proposed feature-learning approach is developed to help early diagnosis of the disease and thus averts (or delays) its progression. It utilizes the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identify and extract features of DME automatically without any kind of user intervention. The developed prototype was trained and assessed by using an existing MESSIDOR dataset of 1200 images. The obtained preliminary results showed accuracy of (88.8 %), sensitivity (74.7%) and specificity (96.5 %). These results compare favorably to state-of-the-art findings with the added benefit of an automatic feature-learning approach rather than a time-consuming handcrafted approach.
Effect of Lens Fragmentation Patterns on Phacoemulsification Parameters and Postoperative Inflammation in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate intraoperative and postoperative outcomes with “chop” or “matrix” lens fragmentation patterns in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Methods: Prospective comparative study of 66 eyes with grade III–IV nuclear sclerosis was conducted at an apex tertiary care ophthalmic center. Cases were randomly allocated to undergo femtosecond laser pretreatment using matrix pattern (group I; n = 33) or chop pattern (group II; n = 33) of lens fragmentation (LenSx laser platform), followed by phacoemulsification. The primary outcome measures were intraoperative phacoemulsification parameters and postoperative anterior chamber (AC) flare. Secondary outcome measures were intraoperative complications, postoperative central macular thickness, visual acuity, and endothelial cell counts. Follow-up was performed on postoperative day (POD) 1 and 30. Results: Phacoemulsification parameters including cumulative dissipated energy (p = 0.008), ultrasonic time (p = 0.001), aspiration time (p < 0.001), and total duration (p = 0.001) were significantly less in group I. The AC flare was 9.8 ± 4.6 in group I and 15.4 ± 6.0 in group II (p < 0.001) on POD 1, and the difference persisted at 1 month. A highly significant positive correlation was observed between the total duration of phacoemulsification and AC flare (p < 0.001). No case developed cystoid macular edema. The postoperative specular counts were significantly less in group II on POD 1 (p = 0.036) and POD 30 (p = 0.02). There was no difference in visual acuity between the two groups, and intraoperative complications were not observed in any case. Conclusion: A decrease in phacoemulsification time and energy is observed after femtosecond laser pretreatment with the matrix pattern of lens fragmentation as compared to the chop pattern. The endothelial cell loss and postoperative inflammation is significantly less with the matrix pattern, and the inflammation correlates with the duration of phacoemulsification.
Structural influences on accentual lengthening in English

Abstract Results of four experiments suggest modifications of Turk and Sawusch's 1997 hypothesis that accentual lengthening occurs throughout a within-word foot-sized domain, and is blocked by its boundaries. Instead, results suggest that (1) a relatively large amount of accentual lengthening occurs on the syllable (primarily its onset and nucleus) with which the pitch accent is associated, (2) there are relatively large rightward effects on syllables adjacent to the pitch accented syllable within a word, and (3) small leftward effects within a word for some speakers. These effects are attenuated, but not necessarily blocked, by the boundaries of a unit the size of an orthographic word, perhaps a prosodic word or clitic group. Both the left edge of a pitch accented syllable and the left and right edges of a word-sized unit thus appear to attenuate the spread of accentual lengthening, which can extend throughout all syllables in a trisyllabic word with primary stress on the initial syllable.
SIW Rotman Lens Antenna With Ridged Delay Lines and Reduced Footprint

A dual-layer Rotman lens with reduced footprint and wide field of view is introduced here in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology in the 24-GHz band. Both layers are connected by a high-efficiency transition made by an SIW integrated reflector and several coupling vias. The delay lines of the Rotman lens are implemented in ridged waveguides for compactness and broadband operation over a wide angular range, and the radiating part is an SIW slotted waveguide array made of 15 resonant waveguides. Design guidelines and performance are provided for the transition and the ridged delay lines. Experimental results show very good scanning performance over an angular sector of ±48°.