Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
18 S rRNA processing requires the RNA helicase-like protein Rrp 3

We report the identification of a new gene, RRP3 (rRNA processing), which is required for pre-rRNA processing. Rrp3 is a 60.9 kDa protein that is required for maturation of the 35S primary transcript of prerRNA and is required for cleavages leading to mature 18S RNA. RRP3 was identified in a PCR screen for DEAD box genes. DEAD box genes are part of a large family of proteins homologous to the eukaryotic transcription factor eIF-4a. Most of these proteins are RNA-dependent ATPases and some of them have RNA helicase activity. This is the third yeast DEAD box protein that has been shown to be involved in rRNA assembly, but the only one required for the processing of 18S RNA. Mutants of the two other putative helicases, Spb4 and DrsI, both show processing defects in 25S rRNA maturation. In strains where Rrp3 is depleted, 35S precursor RNA is improperly processed. Cleavage normally occurs at sites A 0, A1 and A2, but in the Rrp3 depletion stain cleavage occurs between A 2 and B 1. Rrp3 has been purified to homogeneity and has a weak RNA-dependent ATPase activity which is not specific for rRNA.
Valores de referencia para saltos en plataforma dinamométrica en una población de deportistas andaluces

En la mayoria de las actividades deportivas la accion que mas se repite es el salto. Este se debe a la generacion de un tipo de fuerza explosiva compuesta generalmente por una fase excentrica seguido generalmente por otra concentrica. Se ha evaluado desde hace un siglo por tests y dispositivos diferentes, utilizando desde metodos simples como pizarras o pared y tizas (test de Sargent) hasta muy complejos, sofisticados y caros como las plataformas dinamometricas; siempre dependiendo de los medios de los que disponian los autores o investigadores. Ello ha originado la realizacion y publicacion de muchos trabajos con diferentes protocolos y metodos de investigacion, con diferentes dispositivos ydistintos resultados, en diferentes deportes y con diferente nivel deportivo, por lo que los datos obtenidos no pueden ser comparables o valorables. Ademas, la mayoria de las veces que se va a realizar una valoracion del salto no se suelen encontrar valores de referencia para todos los deportes o en el mismo sexo o del mismo nivel o edad. La hipotesis principal de la investigacion sera obtener una tabla de datos de referencia de los parametros de los diferentes tipos de saltos sin diferenciar deportes en una plataforma dinamometrica en forma de percentiles por sexo, de forma que se pueda realizar una valoracion individual de cada deportista siguiendo la tabla de percentiles sin tener en cuenta el deporte que practica La poblacion objeto del trabajo sera una muestra amplia de deportistas de ambos sexos y de diferentes deportes durante varios anos. Para realizar los saltos se utilizara una plataforma dinamometrica al ser el dispositivo mas exacto en la obtencion de la medicion de la altura del salto, y el que nos da mas variables para medir la fuerza explosiva en cada tipo de salto. El protocolo que utilizaremos sera el descrito por Bosco (con todas sus caracteristicas tecnicas de ejecucion) realizando saltos de tipo squatjump, countermovementjump, Abalakov o saltos con brazos, dropjump o saltos en caida y saltos continuos. Para el estudio estadistico utilizaremos el SPSS realizando una descripcion de la muestra poblacional, un estudio de aleatoriedad mediante el test de Rachas, un estudio de normalidad por el el test de Shapiro-Wilk, un analisis de la varianza por el test de Levene, un test de Kruskal-Wallis para ver quedeportes difieren entre si y finalmente un test de Bonferroni o Games-Howell para obtener si hay diferencias significativas en las variables analizadas. Por ultimo obtendremos una tabla de percentiles por sexo, tipos de salto y variable medidas en cada tipo.A partir de esta tabla podemos valorar cualquier deportista, indistintamente del deporte que realiza, del nivel deportivo y del momento de la temporada en que se ejecute el test, observando en que percentil se encuentra en cualquiera de los saltos realizados.
Secure multipath routing using link compromise metric in mobile ad hoc networks

In this paper, we propose a novel routing protocol by overcoming the security issues of node disjoint multipath routing protocols to ensure the reliability by discovering multiple secure paths. The proposed protocol considers link compromise probabilities to generate multiple routes with low compromise probabilities. Contrary to contemporary distance metric multipath routing protocols, our proposed work is. In the end, simulation results show improvement in path compromise probability and reliability in comparison with Distance routing Metric. Simulations show that the ratio of compromised paths is dropped significantly by implementing the proposed routing algorithm and consequently security aspect of the data routing is also improved. The proposed routing protocol is suitable for dynamic ad hoc networks where topology changes frequently.
Pathogenesis of the granulomatous lung diseases.

Les 3 articles presentes sont un resume d'un symposium sur la «pathogenie des maladies pulmonaires granulomateuses». Ces 3 articles traitent respectivement des mecanismes de la formation des granulomes, des mecanismes de la lesion du parenchyme pulmonaire, des mecanismes de la f. Brose
Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Coexistent Heterogeneous Networks

This paper proposes a noncoherent spectrum sensing scheme for the cognitive coexistent heterogeneous networks with the assistance of geolocation information of primary and secondary nodes. Different from the conventional networks with single secondary network, the spectrum sensing scheme in the coexistence scenario should not only detect the primary signal but also detect the secondary signals to avoid the interference with both the primary network and the operating coexistent secondary networks. Therefore, the sensing scheme in this case should be able to differentiate the primary signal from each kind of the secondary signals. However, in the coexistent heterogeneous scenarios, the secondary signals may exploit different PHY modes (some of them may be the same as the primary PHY mode), which imposes difficulties in the coherent signal detection schemes. Aiming to tackle this problem, the parallel detection of both primary signal and each kind of secondary signals is implemented through a proposed noncoherent power decomposition scheme. In this scheme, the power decomposition is formulated into a problem of solving a nonhomogeneous linear equation matrix. During the signal detection, the characteristics of both primary and secondary signals are not required. Both the analysis and the simulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Breast cancer metastatic phenotype as predicted by histologic tumor markers.

PURPOSE Two clinical characteristics of the metastatic cancer phenotype are virulence-which reflects the pace of disease growth, clinical manifestation, and dissemination-and metastagenicity, the ultimate likelihood of distant metastasis. Molecular markers may allow distinguishing between these two cancer phenotypes. The purpose of this study is to determine whether proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and tumor nuclear grade are markers of virulence or metastagenicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS PCNA and tumor nuclear grade were determined in patients with extensive follow-up, treated only with mastectomy, for whom archival paraffin-embedded tissue was available. RESULTS There is no significant difference in long-term disease-free survival (DFS) as a function of PCNA, but after only 5 years of analysis there are significant differences that gradually disappear with further follow-up, reflecting differences in virulence. While the likelihood of recurrence is the same, in patients with high PCNA 80% of disease recurrences become evident in the first 2 to 3 years, whereas in patients with low PCNA it takes more than 10 years for 80% of metastases to become clinically detectable. There was a significant difference in 20-year DFS for nuclear grade 1 compared with nuclear grade 2 and 3 tumors, indicating a difference in metastagenicity. The differences in DFS between nuclear grade 2 and 3 tumors decrease as the length of follow-up increases; thus, like PCNA, these grade differences are also a marker of virulence. Eighty percent of the metastasis became evident within 4 years in grade 3 tumors and within 12 years in grade 2 tumors. DISCUSSION PCNA and nuclear grade (2 vs 3) are markers of virulence. We have previously shown angiogenesis to be a marker of metastagenicity as is, in this study, the difference between nuclear grade 1 and nuclear grades 2 and 3. Both phenotypic characteristics, virulence and metastagenicity, are important to understanding the natural history of the tumors and may influence the nature of the therapy.
Development of an in vitro cell culture assay system for measuring the activation of a neighbouring gene by the retroviral vector

The use of retroviral vectors has shown an actual clinical benefit in a few inherited diseases. However, the occurrence of cases of leukemia after the X‐SCID gene therapy trial raised concerns about the safety of insertional mutagenesis inherent to the biology of the retrovirus. Although the retrovirus has long been known to integrate into the host chromosome, and thus have the potential to activate the nearby gene, there has been no convenient method of studying or assaying such a cis‐activation phenomenon.
A Novel Method to Study the Contribution of Stretch Reflexes During Dynamic Voluntary Tasks

A method was tested to extract reliable estimates o f stretch reflex gain during a simple upper limb task involving dynamic muscle contractions. The gain estimates obtained from a 10hz sinusoidal stretch perturbation were comparable in dynamic tasks and constant contractions of similar average magnitude. It was concluded that the method may permit studies of functionally related changes in reflex gain during upper limb tasks.
Maximizing Algebraic Connectivity in the Space of Graphs With a Fixed Number of Vertices and Edges

The second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix, also known as the algebraic connectivity, characterizes the performance of some dynamic processes on networks, such as consensus in multiagent networks, synchronization of coupled oscillators, random walks on graphs, and so on. In a multiagent network, for example, the larger the algebraic connectivity of the graph representing interactions between agents is, the faster the convergence speed of a representative consensus algorithm is. This paper tackles the problem of finding graphs that maximize or locally maximize the algebraic connectivity in the space of graphs with a fixed number of vertices and edges. It is shown that some well-known classes of graphs such as star graphs, cycle graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and circulant graphs are algebraic connectivity maximizers or local maximizers under certain conditions.
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 regulates RNA synthesis of a cytoplasmic virus

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP A1) is involved in pre‐mRNA splicing in the nucleus and translational regulation in the cytoplasm. In the present study, we demonstrate that hnRNP A1 also participates in the transcription and replication of a cytoplasmic RNA virus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). Overexpression of hnRNP A1 accelerated the kinetics of viral RNA synthesis, whereas the expression in the cytoplasm of a dominant‐negative hnRNP A1 mutant that lacks the nuclear transport domain significantly delayed it. The hnRNP A1 mutant caused a global inhibition of viral mRNA transcription and genomic replication, and also a preferential inhibition of the replication of defective‐interfering RNAs. Similar to the wild‐type hnRNP A1, the hnRNP A1 mutant complexed with an MHV polymerase gene product, the nucleocapsid protein and the viral RNA. However, in contrast to the wild‐type hnRNP A1, the mutant protein failed to bind a 250 kDa cellular protein, suggesting that the recruitment of cellular proteins by hnRNP A1 is important for MHV RNA synthesis. Our findings establish the importance of cellular factors in viral RNA‐dependent RNA synthesis.
Adenosine A1 antagonism attenuates atropine-resistant hypoxic bradycardia in rats.

OBJECTIVES To test the following hypotheses: Hypoxia induces bradycardia and hemodynamic compromise that are resistant to atropine but responsive to selective antagonism of the adenosine A1 receptor (A1AdoR). The mechanism for such attenuation is independent of the vagus nerve. METHODS Ten minutes after sham or actual bilateral cervical vagotomy, paralyzed ventilated rats were made hypoxic (5% fractional inspired oxygen, continued until death). Five minutes after beginning hypoxia, intravenous treatment with BG-9719, a selective A1AdoR antagonist (0.1 mg/kg); atropine (0.1 mg/kg); BG-9719 vehicle; or saline was initiated. These drug doses were based on pilot studies. Of the eight treatment groups (eight possible combinations of vagotomy status and drug/vehicle treatment), n = 8 in all except nonvagotomized, vehicle-treated rats (where n = 7). RESULTS Heart rate and left ventricular contractility decreased rapidly with hypoxia. Atropine had minimal effects in prolonging survival (from mean +/- SEM of 15.5 +/- 2.1 minutes to 20.2 +/- 2.5 minutes, p = 0.94) and attenuating posthypoxic decreases in heart rate (p = 0.89) and contractility (p = 0.83) compared with saline. BG-9719 prolonged survival, however, from 14.4 +/- 1.9 minutes (with vehicle treatment) to 37.2 +/- 6.8 minutes (p < 0.001). Survival, heart rate, and contractility were preserved with BG-9719 compared with atropine and vehicle (p < 0.05, all comparisons). Vagotomy prevented the effects of BG-9719 on survival prolongation (p = 0.003), heart rate (p = 0.01), and contractility (p < 0.001) but did not affect those outcomes in saline-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Survival, heart rate, and contractility were better preserved with BG-9719 than atropine. A1AdoR selective antagonism, possibly because of its multiple mechanisms for attenuating hypoxic cardiac insufficiency, resulted in better hemodynamic and clinical outcomes. That attenuation seems to have a component of vagal mediation.
Tastendes Suchen Chinas erfolgreicher Reformprozess

hina (folgend immer ohne Hongkong und Taiwan) begann seinen Reformprozess einige Jahre nach dem Ende der Kulturrevolution und dem Tod des langjahrigen Vorsitzenden der Kommunistischen Partei Chinas Mao Zedong. Nach einer kurzen Phase des Machtkampfes wurden die Reformen unter der Fuhrung von Deng Xiaoping im Jahre 1978 begonnen. Der chinesische Weg der Transformation ist durch gradualistische Reformen, massive staatliche Eingriffe in Markte und eine spate Privatisierung von Staatsunternehmen gekennzeichnet. Er passt in keiner Weise in das Bild einer nachholenden Entwicklung nach neoliberalem Muster und unterscheidet sich fundamental von der Schockstrategie der Lander des ehemaligen sowjetischen Blocks. Aber China war hochst erfolgreich! Dieser Artikel skizziert zunachst kurz die Entwicklung in China und versucht dann zu erklaren, warum der Weg aus der Planwirtschaft in China verglichen mit anderen Transformationslandern so erfolgreich war. 1 Zur Verdeutlichung wird insbesondere auf die russi
The Death Domain Superfamily in Intracellular Signaling of Apoptosis and Inflammation

The death domain (DD) superfamily comprising the death domain (DD) subfamily, the death effector domain (DED) subfamily, the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) subfamily, and the pyrin domain (PYD) subfamily is one of the largest domain superfamilies. By mediating homotypic interactions within each domain subfamily, these proteins play important roles in the assembly and activation of apoptotic and inflammatory complexes. In this chapter, we review the molecular complexes assembled by these proteins, the structural and biochemical features of these domains, and the molecular interactions mediated by them. By analyzing the potential molecular basis for the function of these domains, we hope to provide a comprehensive understanding of the function, structure, interaction, and evolution of this important family of domains. 561 A nn u. R ev . I m m un ol . 2 00 7. 25 :5 61 -5 86 . D ow nl oa de d fr om a rj ou rn al s. an nu al re vi ew s. or g by C O R N E L L U N IV E R SI T Y M E D IC A L C O L L E G E o n 03 /2 9/ 07 . F or p er so na l u se o nl y. ANRV306-IY25-19 ARI 11 February 2007 12:5
Kolorektaalvähi sõeluuringu kulutõhusus Eestis

Taust. Kolorektaalvahk on seedetrakti kasvaja, millesse haigestub Eestis igal aastal 800–900 inimest. Kolorektaalvahk on enamasti aeglase ja astmelise tekkeprotsessiga; tekkivate adenoomide varane avastamine ja eemaldamine voimaldab ara hoida kolorektaalvahi tekke. Kolorektaalvahist tingitud haigestumuse ja suremuse vahendamiseks on mitmes riigis kasutusel fakultatiivsed ja rahvastikupohised soeluuringuprogrammid. Eesmark. Hinnata teaduskirjanduse ja Eesti andmete alusel tervishoiu rahastaja perspektiivist kolorektaalvahi skriinimise kulutohusust guajakimeetodil pohineva testi (gFOBT), immunokeemilise testi (FIT) ja uhekordse sigmoidoskoopiaga vorreldes mitteskriinimisega. Metoodika. Koostati Markovi mudel 60aastaste kohordi skriinimiseks 10 aasta perspektiivis, mille alusel vorreldi erinevate skriiningumeetodite tervisetulemeid, kulusid ja kulutohusust. Tulemused. Vorreldes mitteskriinimisega suudetaks skriinimisel osaleva kohordi kohta Eestis 10 aasta jooksul ara hoida 33–74 kolorektaalvahi surmajuhtu ja voita 71–136 kvaliteetset eluaastat (QALY). Taiendkulu tohususe maar (ICER) lisanduva QALY kohta on FIT puhul 9919 eurot, gFOBT puhul 13 456 eurot ning sigmoidoskoopia puhul 3759 eurot. Koige enam mojutab kulutohususe hinnangut osalusmaar soeluuringus, vahi ja vahieelsete seisundite esinemistoenaosused, diskonteerimise mitterakendamine ja hindamise ajaperspektiivi pikendamine. Jareldused. Soeluuring voib vahendada kolorektaalvahist tingitud suremust ja voita kvaliteetseid eluaastaid. Kolme vorreldud skriinimise testmetoodika taiendkulu tohususe maarad on samas suurusjargus. Eesti Arst 2015; 94(11):652–659
Evaluation of the MAP‐1B ELISA for Cowdriosis with Field Sera from Livestock in Zimbabwea

ABSTRACT: The Map 1B (Senegal) antigen‐based indirect ELISA was evaluated in Zimbabwe with field sera from heartwater‐free and heartwater‐endemic areas. Of 205 sheep sera samples from a heartwater‐free area, 34 were negative and 171 were positive by immunoblotting. These 171 samples were classified as false positives. Of the same 205 samples, 199 were negative and only 6 were positive by the MAP 1B ELISA. Of 72 cattle samples tested from a similar area, 71 were negative, with only 1 sample positive by MAP 1B ELISA. By immunoblotting, 43 of 72 cattle sera were negative and 29 were positive. Of the 46 goat samples tested from a heartwater‐free area, only 2 were positive by the MAP 1B ELISA. Based on these results, the MAP 1B ELISA was more specific for heartwater than the immunoblotting assay. Of 96 and 282 cattle sera analyzed from heartwater‐endemic farms in the lowveld and highveld of Zimbabwe, respectively, approximately 33% were positive by the MAP 1B ELISA. Goat sera from the same farms had a higher sero‐prevalence (>90%). The implications of these results for serodiagnosis of heartwater using the MAP 1B ELISA will be discussed.
Use of Navicular Bursography in 97 Horses

The injection of contrast material into the navicular bursa, accompanied by a subsequent radiographic examination, provides new and relevant information about pathologic damage to the navicular flexor fibrocartilage and the deep digital flexor tendon. It is the only diagnostic method currently being used that can determine whether adhesions have occurred between the navicular bone and deep flexor tendon. Author’s address: Dept. of Clinical and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108. r 1998 AAEP.
Bacterial contamination of vegetables served in hospitals.

OBJECTIVES To study bacterial contamination of fresh vegetables before cleaning and before serving to patients in 14 hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHOD Aerobic plate count was performed and emphasized on total viable aerobic bacteria, fecal coliform, fecal Escherichia coli and enteric pathogens in fresh vegetables including romaine lettuce, onion, parsley, celery and tomato before cleaning and before serving. Hospital nutrition officers who were involved in food purchasing and processing were interviewed. RESULTS One hundred and six of 403 of fresh vegetable samples (26.3%) before cleaning were contaminated with > 10(7) colony forming unit per gram (CFU/gram) of viable aerobic bacteria, 106 of 178 samples (59.6%) contained MPN/fecal coliform >1,100 /gram, 78 samples (43.8%) contained MPN fecal E. coli >10/gram. Enteric bacteria were isolated from 7.2% of the total 304 samples including non typhoid Salmonella (1 sample), Vibrio cholerae non O1/O139 (7 samples) and Aeromonas species (14 samples). Forty of 396 ready to serve vegetable samples (10.1%) contained > 10(7) CFU/gram of viable aerobic bacteria. Seventy five of 183 (40.9%) samples contained >1,100 MPN fecal coliform/gram and 43 (23.5%) contained >10 MPN fecal E. coli/gram. Enteric bacteria were also detected in 7.6% of the samples including V. cholerae non O1/O139 (6 samples) and Aeromonas species (17 samples). There were three different ways in obtaining fresh vegetables to the hospitals: by auction (50%), wholesalers (21.4%) and retailers (14.2%). There were also different standards of transportation, packaging, delivery and food processing, particularly cleaning methods. CONCLUSION Ready-to-eat fresh vegetables were contaminated in high percentages with microorganisms in the number that exceeded the standard. Better management is required to safeguard patients.
Archaeological evidence for modes of air supply into iron smelting furnaces in the African Great Lakes region

ABSTRACT One of the themes that have attracted archaeologists’ attention is the mechanism by which iron smelting furnaces were supplied with air. Earlier studies on this theme were largely undertaken using expensive laboratory and experimental methods. Unfortunately, insufficient attention was paid to ethnographic and archaeological data while reconstructing air supply modes. This paper presents and discusses archaeological field evidence for determining modes of air supply into smelting furnaces. The archaeological evidence was gathered through survey and through ethnographic and excavation methods. The paper argues that beyond the almost unheard of survival of bellows in the archaeological record and laboratory and experimental methods, it is possible to establish the modes of air supply employed in iron smelting furnaces using flared and non-flared tuyère proximal ends, frequent evidence for multiple tuyères being fused together, furnace size and height and tuyère-mould slags. It is therefore vital for archaeologists to search for clues about furnace air supply while doing fieldwork in order to identify techniques of precolonial metal production and thus explain the reasons for such technological choices.