Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Web Site Navigation Engine

Often users navigating (or “surfing”) through a web site “get lost in hyperspace”, when they lose the context in which they are browsing, and are unsure how to proceed in terms of satisfying their original goal. The unresolved problem in web site usability, of assisting users in finding their way, is termed the navigation problem. (See [LL00] for a survey and critique on the navigation problem.) This problem is becoming even more acute with the continuing growth of web sites in terms of their structure, which is becoming more complex, and the vast amount information they intend to deliver. In contrast users are not willing to invest time to learn this structure and expect the delivery of the relevant content without delay. To tackle this problem we are developing a navigation system for semi-automating user navigation which builds trails of information, i.e. sequences of linked pages, which are relevant to the user query. The preferred trails are presented to the user in a tree-like structure which they can interact with. This is in sharp contrast to a search engine which merely outputs a list of pages which are relevant to the user query without addressing the problem of which trail the user should follow. We discuss the architecture of the navigation system and give a brief description of the navigation engine and user interface.
DIFFERENT INTERPRETATION OF PRONOUN ‘AWAQ’ IN SEBRANG DIALECT OF JAMBI MALAY

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai salah satu kata ganti yang ada dalam dialek Sebrang pada bahasa Melayu Jambi. Kata ganti tersebut adalah kata ‘awaq’. Kata ganti ‘awaq’ bisa berarti saya dan engkau. Meskipun memiliki interpretasi ganda, dalam sebuah percakapan umumnya para pembicara tetap bisa memahami untuk siapa kata ‘awaq’ tersebut ditujukan. Dalam tulisan ini akan dipaparkan situasi-situasi yang bisa menyebabkan orang tetap bisa memahami untuk siapa kata ‘awaq’ ditujukan. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori optimal sintaks. Kata kunci : perbedaan, interprestasi, dialek
Pleural fluid tumour markers in malignant pleural effusion with inconclusive cytologic results.

BACKGROUND The presence of tumour cells in pleural fluid or tissue defines an effusion as malignant. Cytology analysis of the pleural fluid has about 60% diagnostic sensitivity. Several tests have been proposed to improve diagnosis-among them, the concentrations of tumour markers in pleural fluid. We evaluated whether the concentrations of tumour markers in pleural fluid could improve the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (mpe) when cytology is doubtful. METHODS Lymphocytic pleural fluids secondary to tuberculosis or malignancy from 156 outpatients were submitted for cytology and tumour marker quantification [carcinoembryonic antigen (cea), cancer antigen 15-3 (ca15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (ca19-9), cancer antigen 72-4 (ca72-4), cancer antigen 125 (ca125), and cyfra 21-1). Oneway analysis of variance, the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney test, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS Concentrations of the tumour markers cea, ca15-3, ca125, and cyfra 21-1 were higher in mpes than they were in the benign effusions (p < 0.001), regardless of cytology results. The markers ca19-9 and ca72-4 did not discriminate malignant from benign effusions. When comparing the concentrations of tumour markers in mpes having positive, suspicious, or negative cytology with concentrations in benign effusions, we observed higher levels of cea, ca15-3, cyfra 21-1, and ca125 in malignant effusions with positive cytology (p = 0.003, p = 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.001 respectively). In pleural fluid, only ca125 was higher in mpes with suspicious or negative cytology (p = 0.001) than in benign effusions. CONCLUSIONS Given high specificity and a sensitivity of about 60%, the concentrations of tumour markers in pleural effusions could be evaluated in cases of inconclusive cytology in patients with a high pre-test chance of malignancy or a history of cancer.
Effect of Stretch Frequency and Sex on the Rate of Gain and Rate of Loss in Muscle Flexibility During a Hamstring-Stretching Program: A Randomized Single-Blind Longitudinal Study

Abstract Cipriani, DJ, Terry, ME, Haines, MA, Tabibnia, AP, and Lyssanova, O. Effect of stretch frequency and sex on the rate of gain and rate of loss in muscle flexibility during a hamstring-stretching program: A randomized single-blind longitudinal study. J Strength Cond Res 26(8): 2119–2129, 2012—This study evaluated the effects of 4 different weekly stretching protocols on the rate of gain and decline in hamstring flexibility over an 8-week period, across sex. Using a randomized single-blind design, 53 healthy subjects aged 18–46 years were assigned to 1 of 4 stretching protocols or a control group. The stretching protocols consisted of either daily or 3 times per week stretching and performed once or twice each day. These protocols differed in terms of frequency and total weekly stretching time. All the subjects stretched their hamstring muscles for 4 weeks and were measured weekly for their hip range of motion (ROM). Stretching ceased the final 4 weeks as the weekly measurements continued. The results revealed no significant differences in the rate of gain or the rate of loss between the different stretching protocols (2-way analysis of variance, F = 2.60, p > 0.05). All the stretching groups gained in hip ROM from pre to week 4 (F = 269.24, p < 0.001). After cessation, the rate of loss was similar for all the 4 stretching groups (F = 102.86, p < 0.001); all the groups retained significant gains at the end of the study (p < 0.001). The control group did not change over time. Those who stretched at least 6 times per week gained more than those who stretched 3 times per week (24 and 16.8%, respectively, F = 5.20, p < 0.05). Subject sex did not influence ROM changes (p > 0.05). Stretching appears to be equally effective, whether performed daily or 3 times per week, provided individuals stretch at least 2 times each day. Moreover, although women are more flexible than men are, there was no sex difference in terms of stretching response.
Evaluation of Rehabilitation Outcomes in Older Patients with Hip Fractures

Jones GR, Miller TA, Petrella RJ: Evaluation of rehabilitation outcomes in older patients with hip fractures. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:489–497. Objective This study evaluated functional outcomes in patients with hip fracture after inpatient rehabilitation. Design The physical and cognitive functioning of 100 patients with hip fracture were determined by using the FIM™ instrument. The Montebello rehabilitation factor score was used to reflect rehabilitative outcome. Follow-up data were collected from 44 patients by using a telephone FIM interview. Results Discharge total FIM scores improved. The Montebello rehabilitation factor score for rehabilitation efficacy and efficiency scores both demonstrated improvement for patient function during inpatient rehabilitation. The mean motor FIM domain scores for transfer mobility and locomotion were lower at discharge compared with the domains of self-care and sphincter control. A subgroup of 44 patients showed no change in mean motor FIM domain scores. Conclusions Inpatient rehabilitation improves overall functional independence as measured by the FIM instrument. Relative change, as measured by the Montebello rehabilitation factor score, indicated that rehabilitation outcome for locomotion was not maximized, despite exhibiting large absolute gains during inpatient rehabilitation. The improvements demonstrated at discharge were maintained at follow-up for a subgroup of 44 patients. Improved locomotion skills and maximizing ability to transfer independently are areas in which inpatient rehabilitation may be targeted to improve function in the future.
Mood Based Classification of Music by Analyzing Lyrical Data Using Text Mining

This research task looks at the part lyric content and additionally audio features can play in enhancing audio music mood arrangement. With the developing measure of computerized music and human different requests to music data recovery, programmed music conclusion investigation is turning into a critical and vital assignment for different framework and applications, for example, music association, melody choice in cell phones, music proposal et cetera. This undertaking is to naturally stamp a melody utilizing emotional marks as a part of an emotion set determined by analysts. In the most recent couple of years, it has pulled in more consideration and extensive varieties of related researches have been completed. The proposed system obtained 85% accuracy from the trained mood mapper, which might lead to a more accurate understanding of the music mood in the mood mapping process.
Hyaluronectin in normal human skin and in basal cell carcinoma

The localization of hyaluronectin has been studied in normal skin and in basal cell carcinoma. In fetal skin it is abundant in the dermis but absent from the epidermis, and in adult skin it is totally absent except in the hair sheaths and bulbs. In basal cell carcinoma it is abundant only in the stroma reaction. The presence of this protein in mesenchymatous tissues seems to be linked to zones of physiological or neoplastic proliferation.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT METHODS FOR PLASMA MEMBRANE INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF FROZEN-THAWED BOAR SPERMATOZOA

In this study, different assays were used to assess the structural and functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane following freezing-thawing of the whole ejaculates (WEs) and sperm-rich fractions (SRFs) of boar semen. Besides sperm viability assessments (motility and mitochondrial membrane potential using a mitochondrial specific dye, JC-1 with propidium iodide, PI), sperm plasma membrane integrity (PMI) assessments were determined simultaneously using different membrane-based tests (SYBR14/PI and carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) with PI (CFDA/PI), and the hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test). ANOVA results showed that boar variability had a significant effect on the analysed parameters of post-thaw sperm characteristics. Spermatozoa harvested from the WEs exhibited a marked decline in post-thaw viability, manifested in reduced motility and mitochondrial membrane potential, than those originated from the SRFs after freezing-thawing. Cryopreservation compromised sperm PMI, as indicated in a significant decline in SYBR-stained, CFDA-stained or HOS-positive sperm cells, irrespective of the ejaculate collection procedure. It was observed that the membrane-based tests were strongly inter-correlated. Furthermore, agreement between the measurements of the membrane-based tests was confirmed by the Bland-Altman scatter plots of differences, suggesting that these tests could detect the same sperm cohorts, which were susceptible to cryo-induced membrane damage. The findings of this study indicate that dual fluorescent staining with SYBR-14/PI and CFDA/PI assays, in combination with the HOS test, provide more precise description of the sperm populations in frozen-thawed boar semen.
Anti-tobacco mass media and socially disadvantaged groups: a systematic and methodological review.

ISSUES Only a limited amount of research has been conducted to explore whether there are socioeconomic status differences in responses to mass media. However, the methodological quality of this evidence has not been assessed, limiting confidence in conclusions that can be drawn regarding study outcomes. A systematic review of the effectiveness of anti-tobacco mass media campaigns with socially disadvantaged groups was conducted, and the methodological quality of included studies was assessed. APPROACH Medline, The Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, Embase and Web of Science were searched using MeSH and keywords for quantitative studies conducted in Western countries prior to March 2012. A methodological quality assessment and narrative analysis of included studies was undertaken. KEY FINDINGS Seventeen relevant studies (reported in 18 papers) were identified; however, weak study designs and selection bias were common characteristics, limiting strong conclusions about effectiveness. Using predominantly non-cessation related outcome measures reviewed papers indicated mixed results for mass media tobacco control campaign effectiveness among various social groups. Most studies assessed mass media impact on low socioeconomic status groups rather than highly socially disadvantaged groups. IMPLICATIONS Methodological rigour of evaluations in this field must be improved to aid understanding regarding the effectiveness of mass media campaigns in driving cessation among disadvantaged groups. CONCLUSION The results of this review indicate a gap in methodologically rigorous research into the effectiveness of mass media campaigns among socially disadvantaged groups, particularly the highly disadvantaged.
Structural MS Pulls Its Weight

Mass spectrometry provides insights into the structure and dynamics of ever-larger protein assemblies and associated biomolecules. When we step on the scale, we usually respond in one of two ways: disappointment or joy. When we measure the mass of protein assemblies, on the other hand, we get a glimpse into a rich and interesting world. A simple measure of mass can give information on the inherent properties of protein complexes and expose a multiprotein assembly's composition, the number of copies of each subunit, their topological arrangement, and the assembly's overall structure (1, 2) (see the figure). These capabilities, together with the modest sample requirements, speed of analysis, selectivity, tolerance to heterogeneity, and lack of an upper mass limit, have transformed structural mass spectrometry (MS) from an emerging technique to an integral part of the structural biology toolkit.
Importance and mitigation of the risk of spillback transmission of Mycobacterium bovis infection for eradication of bovine tuberculosis from wildlife in New Zealand

SUMMARY Introduced brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) are wildlife maintenance hosts for Mycobacterium bovis in New Zealand, often living sympatrically with other potential hosts, including wild red deer (Cervus elaphus scoticus). Population control of possums has been predicted to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) from New Zealand wildlife; however, there is concern that long-lived M. bovis-infected deer could represent a ‘spillback’ risk for TB re-establishment (particularly when possum populations recover after cessation of intensive control). We constructed a time-, age- and sex-structured, deer/TB population generic model and simulated the outcomes of deer control on this potential spillback risk. Maintaining intensive possum control on a 5-year cycle, the predicted spillback risk period after TB eradication from possums is ∼7 years, while the probability of TB re-establishing in possums over that period is ∼6%. Additional targeted control of deer would reduce the risk period and probability of spillback; however, even with high population reductions (up to 80%) only modest decreases in risk and risk period would be achieved. We conclude that possum control alone remains the best strategy for achieving TB eradication from New Zealand habitats in which possums and wild deer are the main M. bovis hosts.
COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS : GROUP-BASED CONTROL CHANNEL ALLOCATION

The spectrum holes prove the underutilization of the electromagnetic spectrum. On one hand the electromagnetic spectrum is not fully or efficiently utilized due to the present static allocation policy whereas on the other hand, the number of wireless user is increasing exponentially. Cognitive radio networks have been recognized as a promising paradigm to address the spectrum underutilization problem. Cognitive Radios (CR) are a step towards the evolution of dynamic spectrum allocation and utilization. CR users observing highly similar spectrum opportunities can be grouped and a common frequency be used for exchange of control messages called as the control channel.
The spectrum of pneumococcal empyema in adults in the early 21st century.

BACKGROUND Increased rates of empyema have been reported in children after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Our objective was to describe the risk factors for pneumococcal empyema in adults and to analyze the differences in the incidence, disease characteristics, and serotype distribution between the pre- and post-PCV7 eras. METHODS An observational study of all adults hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) who presented with empyema in 2 Spanish hospitals was conducted during the periods 1996-2001 (prevaccine period) and 2005-2009 (postvaccine period). Incidences of empyema were calculated. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify variables associated with pneumococcal empyema. RESULTS Empyema was diagnosed in 128 of 1080 patients with invasive pneumococcal disease. Among patients aged 18-50 years, the rates of pneumococcal pneumonia with empyema increased from 7.6% to 14.9% (P = .04) and the incidence of pneumococcal empyema increased from 0.5 to 1.6 cases per 100,000 person-years (198% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 49%-494%]). The incidence of empyema due to serotype 1 increased significantly from 0.2 to 0.8 cases per 100,000 person-years (253% [95% CI, 67%-646%]). Serotype 1 caused 43.3% of cases of empyema during the postvaccine period. Serotypes 1 (odds ratio [OR], 5.88; [95% CI, 2.66-13]) and 3 (OR, 5.49 [95% CI, 1.93-15.62]) were independently associated with development of empyema. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of pneumococcal empyema in young adults has increased during the postvaccine period, mainly as a result of the emergence of serotype 1. Serotypes 1 and 3 are the main determinants of development of this suppurative complication.
Analysis of GNSS Data Using Precise Point Positioning Technique for the Determination of Permanent Station in Romania

Abstract To obtain the coordinates by means of precise point positioning (PPP) technique we need to use the undifferenced GPS pseudocode and carrier phase observations but to obtain the “precise” positioning we need precise orbit and clock data too. This products and other information for obtaining the results by using PPP technique on a centimeter level accuracy can be downloaded from different locations, but the most reliable satellite ephemerides and clock correction are available from International GNSS Service (IGS). In the PPP analysis we determined the parameters such as the receiver clock error, ionospheric delays code biases, code multipath and the total neutral atmosphere delay of the observations. For the determination of the permanent station coordinates, using the PPP technique, we used precise orbit and clock solutions to enable absolute positioning of a single receiver. In this article we present the results obtained by using the PPP technique on the permanent station Oradea, from which we can conclude that the PPP technique can be used for different GNSS application.
Assessment of change in psychiatric state by means of rating scales.

Much of the progress of science is related to the development of instruments for recording and measuring phenomena not accessible to human observation. The preoccupation with such techniques has made many forget the great utility of the human observer. Over the ages, the living brain has been evolved in order to perceive patterns and the human brain is the finest instrument for that purpose. To see this clearly, we have only to contrast the extraordinary difficulty of programming a computer to differentiate a printed R from an A, with the ease with which we
Characterization of an Atrazine-DegradingPseudaminobacter sp. Isolated from Canadian and French Agricultural Soils

ABSTRACT Atrazine, a herbicide widely used in corn production, is a frequently detected groundwater contaminant. Fourteen bacterial strains able to use this herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen were isolated from soils obtained from two farms in Canada and two farms in France. These strains were indistinguishable from each other based on repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR genomic fingerprinting performed with primers ERIC1R, ERIC2, and BOXA1R. Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis of one representative isolate, strain C147, the isolates belong to the genusPseudaminobacter in the family Rhizobiaceae. Strain C147 did not form nodules on the legumes alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and soybean (Glycine maxL.). A number of chloro-substituted s-triazine herbicides were degraded, but methylthio-substituted s-triazine herbicides were not degraded. Based on metabolite identification data, the fact that oxygen was not required, and hybridization of genomic DNA to the atzABC genes, atrazine degradation occurred via a series of hydrolytic reactions initiated by dechlorination and followed by dealkylation. Most strains could mineralize [ring-U-14C]atrazine, and those that could not mineralize atrazine lacked atzB or atzBC. The atzABC genes, which were plasmid borne in every atrazine-degrading isolate examined, were unstable and were not always clustered together on the same plasmid. Loss of atzBwas accompanied by loss of a copy of IS1071. Our results indicate that an atrazine-degradingPseudaminobacter sp. with remarkably little diversity is widely distributed in agricultural soils and that genes of the atrazine degradation pathway carried by independent isolates of this organism are not clustered, can be independently lost, and may be associated with a catabolic transposon. We propose that the widespread distribution of the atrazine-degradingPseudaminobacter sp. in agricultural soils exposed to atrazine is due to the characteristic ability of this organism to utilize alkylamines, and therefore atrazine, as sole sources of carbon when the atzABC genes are acquired.
Composite nonlinear feedback control for SISO singular systems with input saturation

This paper studies the technique of the composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control for a class of singular systems with input saturation. The aim of a CNF control law is to improve the transient performance of the closed-loop system such that the closed-loop system has perfect transient performances, e.g., quick response and small/no overshoot. Because of the special features of the singular systems, the classical CNF control technique for normal systems cannot be applied to singular systems directly. To guarantee the impulsive freeness, a pre-linear feedback law is firstly designed to make the singular system impulsive free. Then, a CNF control law is designed based on the slow subsystem of the impulsive free singular system. Furthermore, a deductive result is concluded for non-strictly proper systems. Finally, the design procedure is demonstrated by an illustrative example.