Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation of BCRP Expression to NPM1 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Nucleophosmin1 (NPM1) mutation is a new prognostic factor for acute myeloid leukemia. Significant complete remission after chemotherapy has been observed in patients with this mutation compared to non-mutated patients. Overexpression of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is directly associated with multiple drug resistance in leukemia. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of normal and mutated NPM1 on the expression of BCRP in AML patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 AML patients and 20 healthy individuals as the control group between 2012 and 2017. NPM1 mutations were observed with the PCR technique and the BCRP expression was measured by real-time PCR. Screening of the 80 AML patients revealed NPM1 mutation in 9 (11.2%) of them. The average expression of BCRP decreased significantly in the AML patient group in com-parison with the control group (p< 0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed between NPM1 mutation and BCRP expression in both groups with and without NPM1 mutations (p= 0.394). Unlike other studies, no case of NPM1 mutation was reported in the M3 subtype. However, in this study, this mutation was observed in the M3 subtype, and should be investigated for genetic and racial factors’ implication. There was no correlation between NPM1 mutation and BCRP expression. There are independently prognostic and treatment management factors in AML patients, which should be examined and considered in order to determine the treatment process and evaluation of drug resistance.
Urban Park Design for Bird Diversity: Theory and Application in Landscape and Site Scales

There has been a new approach of creating urban park not solely for plants, but also for birds. This paper provides recommendations for urban park as bird habitat based on ecological theories, i.e. theory of island biogeography, theory of succession, intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH), and competitive exclusion principles. Empirical data from previous field research and literature study were used to come up with recommendations. Urban areas still able to provide good habitat for birds, although its diversity is lower than in natural areas. In a landscape scale, to get a high diversity of bird, urban parks should be large, close to each other, preferably connected to each other, and compact in shape. As for successional stages, various mid-stages will promote bird richness, except for early and climax stages. This is also supported by IDH, which stated that mid-disturbance habitat will harbor a maximum bird number. As for planted species in site scales, various plants should be provided to diversify food for birds, including those that producing nectars, seeds/grain, and small-size fruits. Aquatic freshwater habitat (ponds, rivers, marshes) also will invite birds that feed on small fishes, macro-zoobenthos, and water-related insects. In Indonesia, anthropogenic disturbance might also reduce bird diversity.
Mixed-input Gaussian process emulators for computer experiments with a large number of categorical levels

Abstract Computer models with both quantitative and qualitative inputs frequently arise in science, engineering and business. Mixed-input Gaussian process models have been used for emulating such models. The key in building this emulator is to accurately estimate the covariance between different categorical levels of the qualitative inputs. This problem is challenging when the number of categorical levels is large. We propose a sparse covariance estimation approach to estimating the covariance matrix with a large number of categorical levels for the mixed-input Gaussian process emulator. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated with an application of IO operation modes in high performance computing systems.
Purification of Authentic Human Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Expressed in Both the Cytoplasm and Culture Medium of Escherichia coli

Through intein-mediated and fed-batch fermentative expression, we have recently reported high-level production of ~600 mg l-1 of authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor (abFGF) in Escherichia coli. In this communication, we report the development of purification protocols for efficient retrieval of purified abFGF from both culture supernatant and lysate fractions of JM101 [pWK311ROmpAd] cells. Extracellular abFGF in the culture supernatant was efficiently purified using a 3-step approach which included salt precipitation, heparin affinity chromatography, followed by dialysis for desalting. On the other hand, the major portion of abFGF (~85%) present in the cell lysate was purified using a separate 3-step approach involving cation exchange chromatography, heparin affinity chromatography and gel filtration. The cation exchange chromatographic step worked effectively to result in a 24-fold increase in the specific activity of the lysate, thereby greatly facilitating the achievement of homogeneously pure abFGF by subsequent heparin affinity chromatography. Using the two purification protocols described, good recoveries of 70% and 61% of abFGF activity were obtained from the supernatant and cell lysate samples, respectively. The simplicity and high reproducibility of the methods support that expression and purification of abFGF from JM101 [pWK311ROmpAd] presents an attractive approach to cost-effectively produce quality abFGF for various applications.
A Review of Cognitive Radio Smart Grid Communication Infrastructure Systems

The cognitive smart grid (SG) communication paradigm aims to mitigate quality of service (QoS) issues in obsolete communication architecture associated with the conventional electrical grid. This paradigm entails the integration of advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs) into power grids, enabling a two-way flow of information. However, due to the exponential increase in wireless applications and services, also driven by the deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) smart devices, SG communication systems are expected to handle large volumes of data. As a result, the operation of SG networks is confronted with the major challenge of managing and processing data in a reliable and secure manner. The existing works in the literature proposed architectures with the objective to mitigate the underlying QoS issues such as latency, bandwidth, data congestion, energy efficiency, etc. In addition, a variety of communication technologies have been analyzed for their capacity to support stringent QoS requirements for diverse SGs environments. This notwithstanding, a standard architecture designed to mitigate the aforementioned issues for SG networks remains a work-in-progress. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the emerging technologies such as cognitive radio networks (CRNs) as part of the Fifth-Generation (5G) mobile technology for reliable communication in SG networks. Furthermore, a hybrid architecture based on the combination of fog computing and cloud computing is proposed. In this architecture, real-time latency-sensitive information is given high priority, with fog edge based servers deployed in close proximity to home area networks (HANs) for preprocessing and analyzing of information collected from smart IoT devices. In comparison to the recent works in the literature, which are mainly based on CRNs and 5G separately, the proposed architecture in this paper incorporates the combination of CRNs and 5G for reliable and efficient communication in SG networks.
Bioenergy Policy: The Biodiesel Sustainability Dilemma in Indonesia

Palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is facing critical issue with regard to its sustainability status in both upstream and downstream sides. International market of palm oil keeps questioning this sustainability standard of Indonesia oil palm. Three interrelated dimensions of sustainability should be fulfilled only if a product to gain growing market acceptance internationally, i.e. economically profitable, ecologically sound and socially acceptable. To determine the sustainability of Indonesia’s palm oil-based biodiesel, this paper pays attention in particular to measuring sustainability status of biodiesel in the upstream to downstream side along its supply chain. The analysis of the sustainability of palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is done thoroughly all related activities on the upstream (agricultural-cultivation activities) up to the downstream (manufacturing activities) side. A rap-bioenergy approach, which included the use of MDS (multidimensional scaling) analyses is applied in the analysis. The results of these analyses show that palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is facing serious sustainability status. Among other three parameters, ecological aspect/parameter is a very serious one. This is especially the case for cultivation activities. This paper concludes that if Indonesia desires international markets to accept the existence of palm oil-based biodiesel, then improvements in ecological aspect should be priority.
Sensory and Nutritional Properties of Protein Enriched Biscuits

Malnutrition remains a major nutritional problem nowadays. So there is a need to develop proteinrich products. Biscuits are extensively used for protein fortification vehicles due to their long shelf life and high acceptability. In the present study, biscuits were produced by substituting the refined wheat flour (RWF) with the foxtail millet flour (FMF), pearl millet flour (PMF), defatted soy flour (DFS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) at different levels. The formulations developed were FMWIB (Foxtail millet whey isolate biscuit), PMWIB (Pearl millet whey isolate biscuit) and MMWIB (Mixed millet whey isolate biscuit) and control (RWB-Refined wheat flour biscuit) contained 100% RWF. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) found among the formulations for all sensory parameters. Proximate analysis of the experimental (MMWIB) and RWB biscuit revealed that addition of millet flours, DFS and WPI significantly (p<0.01) improved the moisture (2.47%), protein (16.6%), ash (1.39%), crude fiber (1.9%) and fat (24.74%) content of the biscuits compared to RWB which were 2.36%, 5.56%, 0.63%, 0.21% and 23.11% respectively. The highest protein value was observed for MMWIB (16.6%) followed by PMWIB (15.81%), FMWIB (15.18%) and RWB (5.56%). MMWIB could contribute 38% of the recommended daily protein intake of 3 to 10 years old and 18% of RDA for adolescents group. Nutritional composition revealed that MMWIB had high TDF (15.49%) and IVPD (62.65%) values than RWB. Therefore, millet flours, DFS and WPI has a good potential for use in biscuit formulation to enhance its nutritional quality and also sensory properties. Original Research Article Narmada et al.; IRJPAC, 21(10): 1-8, 2020; Article no.IRJPAC. 57934 2
Emerging Adult Perceptions of Cannabis Use Based on Age and Sex of User

In Canada, emerging adults consume more cannabis than any other age-group. This study examined emerging adults’ perceptions of dangerousness, perceptions of negative impacts, and level of disapproval associated with regular cannabis use. An experimental vignette design was utilized to examine the extent to which perceptions differ depending on the age and sex of the user. Participants (N = 656) were randomly assigned to one of six vignettes and were asked to rate 7 items of perceived dangerousness, perceived negative impacts, and level of disapproval. Significant main effects of age were found on 6 of 7 items, where cannabis use by a 14-year-old was viewed as more dangerous than cannabis use by a 21- and 28-year-old. However, cannabis use by a 21-year-old was not viewed as more dangerous than cannabis use by a 28-year-old. Female cannabis use was perceived as more dangerous than male cannabis use with respect to social life.
Optimal Protection Index in Malaria Vector Host Elicited by the 10-34 kHz Animal Sounds

A coustic startle has been exploited in the control of malaria by targeting the female Anopheles gambiae. Studies with an inbuilt ultrasonic device (AC-UD) yielded 17.3% and 60.7% in the knockdown tests with fan-off and fan-on respectively. The repellency by the 10-34 kHz sound of Odorrana tormota based on observable behavioural responses and the unconfirmed repellency due to the sound from Anti-Pic® (EMR) on the female A. gambiae was 34.12% and 30.3% respectively. Recent studies with the electronic piezo buzzer mosquito repellent emitting 40-55 kHz sound treatment on mosquitoes yielded a protection index of 68.99%. Chemical malaria interventions were impeded by pathogen and vector resistance. This research thus determined and analyzed the optimal protection index in malaria vector hosts based on landing rates and bites elicited by the 10-34 kHz filtered recorded sounds of the male Anopheles gambiae, mixed male and female Delphinapterus leucas, and further investigated the sound of the male O. tormota. Landing rates and behavioral responses of the female A. gambiae which were bred and reared under controlled laboratory conditions in Kenya Medical Research Institute evoked by the filtered into 10-34 kHz sound of the male mosquito, A. gambiae, male O. tormota, and mixed male and female D. leucas were determined and analyzed statistically. The sounds of the A. gambiae, O. tormota, and D. leucas yielded 2.10, 2.20, and 3.00 landings (bites)/minute; and 42.73%, 40.24%, and 10.64% protection index respectively. The optimal acoustic entropy, power deviation, and average acoustic power of the sound of the male A. gambiae were 4.58 bits, 35.80 dB, and 51.60 dB respectively with wide bandwidth. The protection index evoked by the sound of the male A. gambiae did not differ significantly from the reported repellency of the sound of O. tormota and Anti-Pic® EMR, though differed significantly from the sound emitted by the and AC-UD.
Using fit perspectives to explain supply chain risk management efficacy

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) literature acknowledges that the choice of SCRM strategies should fit with contextual factors. Yet empirical support for this premise is scarce, mainly relies on just a single type of fit analysis, and lacks any consideration of organisational structures. Accordingly, this article combines two perspectives of fit analysis: ‘fit as profile deviation’ and ‘fit as moderation’. The former supports the introduction of two concepts: risk management incoherence (RMI) and risk management efficacy (RME). Whereas RMI refers to the lack of fit between the perceived usefulness of different mitigation strategies and their degree of implementation; RME pertains to the fit between the perceived relevance of different SCRM objectives and the degree to which they are achieved. The latter allows us to posit a negative effect of RMI on RME and a negative moderation of the time assigned to a Risk Manager on that effect. A sample of 106 companies confirms the proposed model. Therefore, this study expands existing literature on contingent SCRM and on organisational structures for SCRM.
On-Load Characteristics of Local and Global Forces in Co-Axial Magnetic Gear with Reference to Additively Manufactured Parts of Modulator

The paper presents an analysis of local and global forces acting on the ferromagnetic material of a modulator in a co-axial magnetic gear, taking several design variants and the impact of loading into account. The analyses include a modulator with cores manufactured from a soft-magnetic composite material and two variants made from electrical steel with laminations stacked in different directions. Variations of local forces acting on individual pole pieces of the modulator are analyzed at different loads, showing that the force spectra are subject to significant variation with an increasing load. The presented magnetostatic analyses are extended by structural analysis that provides estimation of stress and displacement for the modulator assembled from additively manufactured acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-plastic parts. The analysis carried out for the least favorable design case of the magnetic circuit of the modulator shows that an application of the technology is significantly restricted by the magnetic gear torque volumetric density. Some changes to the modulator mechanical design are proposed in the paper to mitigate the drawbacks of this technology.
Compact Slotted Microstrip Antenna for 5G Applications Operating at 28 GHz

ABSTRACT Microstrip antennas operating at 28 GHz for 5G applications are presented in this paper. Three different models of microstrip antennas with variations in slots are proposed. The operating frequency of 28 GHz is considered to be suitable for 5G antenna design. The low-cost FR4 substrate of dielectric constant of 4.4, thickness of 0.8 mm and loss tangent of 0.02 is used in the design. The performance of the antennas in terms of return loss, bandwidth, efficiency, gain, and directivity are analysed and compared. Slot configurations enhance the bandwidth and reduce the effective area. By introducing more number of slots in the design, the bandwidth gets enhanced than the existing design. The proposed designs are simulated using high-frequency structure simulator and antennas are compact in size with 7 × 7 mm.
Organic/inorganic nanocomposites for cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy provides an effective way to deal with cancer. Although immunotherapy strategies have shown encouraging therapeutic effects, the inherent limitations of immunotherapy, such as multiple tumor immune evasion methods, low response rate, and systemic toxicity, still hinder its clinical applications. In recent decades, nanomaterials have been considered promising in cancer immunotherapy since they can realize targeted delivery and interact with the immune system to induce or enhance the antitumor immune responses. Among them, organic/inorganic nanocomposites are ideal candidates for cancer immunotherapy since they could combine the advantages of both organic and inorganic components. Multifunctional organic/inorganic nanocomposites could help overcome the shortcomings of current cancer immunotherapy, and realize the combination of immunotherapy and other therapeutic strategies with synergistic antitumor effects. Herein, we review the recent progress of organic/inorganic nanocomposites designed for cancer immunotherapy. The immunotherapy strategies of nanocomposites are summarized from the perspective of achieving immune enhancement. The challenges of nanocomposites in cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
Ledarskap för hållbar omställning i högre utbildning

FN:s ledning ar tydlig med att Agenda 2030 kraver transformativt och inkluderande ledarskap. Ett ledarskap som kraver att vi tar modiga beslut och flyttar oss ut ur vara ”comfort zones” och valkomnar innovativa satt att arbeta och tanka. I denna artikel ger jag min reflektion over ledarskapskompetenser i undervisningen och ledarskapets betydelse inom undervisningsorganisationen for att mojliggora for studenter att bygga sadana kompetenser samtidigt som de skapar varde for andra. Det handlar om ledarskap pa olika nivaer: att leda sig sjalv, att leda ihop med andra och att leda for det gemensamma globala samhallet. Det handlar ocksa om att skapa rum/utrymme for att mojliggora utforskande samverkan for hallbar omstallning. Att skapa detta forandringsutrymme kraver dock att ledningen, speciellt inom utbildningsystemet, forstar att skilja pa men anda ser det omsesidiga beroendet av tva logiker for styrning och utveckling: kryssnings- respektive expeditionslogiken.
Trust in Civil Services as an Institution

This paper contemplates the state of drift in the public’s feeling and trust in the civil services that have authority over them using the World Values Survey data from 1981 to 2013. This study will show that the trust in the civil service as an institution has changed over time and over geographic region. Citizens trust civil servants when the feel they get a good return on the payment that they invest in government through the tax structure and compliance. While contributions per person vary, the outcomes can still be measured and experienced. News of corruption and hypocrisy creates a perception of inferior performance. The purpose of the civil service is to preserve the quality of life of citizens. This is carried out through processes that achieve outcomes from administrative agencies that help citizens to follow rules, cooperate in the provision of the collective good, and respond appropriately in emergencies. By leveraging the World Values Survey data, the study shows trends in trust in civil services across generations and geographies.
Telomeres and Telomerase: Molecular Views and Perspectives

Telomere, the nucleoprotein structure at the end of eukaryotic linear chromosomes is indispensable for maintaining the genome stability. Telomeric DNA loss is apparent with each cell division, which marks an endpoint to the indefinite replication of the cell by causing replicative senescence that may lead to the programmed cell death. The loss of telomere is normal in cell division and as such after 20 - 40 divisions, telomere becomes too short to facilitate the capping function. Telomere uncapping or chromosomal free end causes a potential threat to the genomic stability and thus leads to the accumulation of chromosomal abnormalities that have been known to play a role in aging and cancer. Telomerase, the ribonucleoprotein complex, and its accessory proteins are required to maintain the telomere sequence. Telomerase plays a key role in maintaining the length of telomere by adding G-rich repeat sequences. Its activity has been found to be quite high in the gametes, stem cells and most importantly tumor cells. Almost 85% of tumor cells compensate for telomere loss aided by telomerase-associated protein complex and shelter in complex or telosome. However, 5% - 10% of the cells undergo telomerase-independent mechanism. This review presents the molecular view of the telomere and telomerase along with its associated complex structures. It also discusses its contrasting role in causing cellular senescence and promoting tumorigenesis.
Existence of weakly neutral coated inclusions of general shape in two dimensions

ABSTRACT A two-dimensional inclusion of core–shell structure is neutral to multiple uniform fields if and only if the core and the shell are concentric disks, provided that the conductivity of the matrix is isotropic. An inclusion is said to be neutral if upon its insertion the uniform field is not perturbed at all. In this paper, we consider inclusions of core–shell structure of general shape which are weakly neutral to multiple uniform fields. An inclusion is said to be weakly neutral if the field perturbation is mild. We show, by an implicit function theorem, that if the core is a small perturbation of a disk, then we can coat it by a shell so that the resulting structure becomes weakly neutral to multiple uniform fields.
Excessive Costs and Recoverability of Costs Awards in Investment Arbitration

In the era of the backlash against investor-State dispute settlement, the costs of proceedings have been a prime object of criticism. This article examines the problem of excessive costs and insufficient recoverability of costs awards. Firstly, it examines the issue of excessive costs in relation to both party costs (fees and expenses of counsel, experts, and witnesses) and tribunal costs (fees and expenses of arbitrators and arbitral institutions). Secondly, it discusses the impact of the length of proceedings on costs. Thirdly, it discusses the contribution of third-party funding to excessive costs. Finally, it analyses the issue of insufficient recoverability of costs awards and the availability of mechanisms to secure prompt payment of costs awards where there are insufficient resources or an unwillingness to pay. In examining each of these concerns, this article assesses the potential contribution of four different models for reform of investment arbitration.