Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Loss to follow up during diagnosis of presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Sputum microscopy is still used for diagnosis of drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (TB programs) aims to rapidly diagnose and treat all cases of TB. The aim of this study is to find the proportion of loss to follow up during diagnosis of pulmonary TB after the patient reached hospital (was handed over sputum cups for sputum collection) from DOTS center after referral from respective outpatient department (OPD) at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: Record-based data from designated microscopic center at a tertiary care hospital were collected regarding the number of patients who had been given sputum cup container for sputum collection for diagnosis of pulmonary TB referred from different OPDs from January to December 2015. Results: A total of 1518 presumptive patient for pulmonary TB had visited DOTS center after referral from different OPDs in the hospital for sputum examination during the above period. The loss to follow-up during diagnosis among presumptive pulmonary TB patient was 461 (30.04%), which was higher among those below 15 years of age. At this rate of loss to follow up of presumptive TB patient to submit sputum for diagnosis, it was estimated to be about 46 smear-positive pulmonary TB cases per year which will be missed out for diagnosis during the above period (considering sputum positivity rate is 10% in the hospital). The mean gap between sputum referral to submission of two sputum samples was 2.73 days (95% confidence interval 2.52–2.84) among those of submitted sputum for diagnosis. Conclusion: Approximately one-third of presumptive patient for pulmonary TB had loss to follow-up for diagnosis of TB even after consulting a doctor at a tertiary care hospital. There is a need to address this gap in diagnosis of pulmonary TB in this region.
Transcriptome analysis of maca (Lepidium meyenii) root at different developmental stages

Premise of the Study Maca (Lepidium meyenii; Brassicaceae) has been cultivated by Andeans for thousands of years as a food source and has been used for medicinal purposes. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying material accumulation during plant growth. Methods RNA‐Seq technology was used to compare the transcriptome of black maca root at three developmental stages. Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were applied for the identification of pathways in which differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched. Results Trinity was used to de novo assemble the reads, and 120,664 unigenes were assembled. Of these, 71.53% of the unigenes were annotated based on BLAST. A total of 18,321 differentially expressed genes were observed. Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis found that the most highly represented pathway among the differentially expressed genes was for genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. We also found that genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, such as glucosinolate biosynthesis, were significantly enriched. Discussion The genes that were differentially expressed between developmental time points likely reflect both developmental pathways and responses to changes in the environment. As such, the transcriptome data in this study serve as a reference for subsequent mining of genes that are involved in the synthesis of important bioactive components in maca.
The effect of herbal tea capsule on menopause hot flashes

Background: Menopause, during which women experience many problems, including hot flashes, is a natural stage in the life of women. One of the duties of midwives is the promotion of women's health during menopause. Herbal remedies are well received and accepted by the community. This study was conducted to determine the effect of herbal tea capsule on hot flashes during menopause. Methods: The present randomized, clinical trial study was conducted on 82 women who complained of hot flashes during their menopause period. The samples were randomly divided into two groups, each including 41 subjects. One group received 450 mg of herbal extracts daily and the other group received starch gelatin capsules daily for 8 weeks. The capsules were similar in appearance. After the intervention, the mean hot flash score was determined using the registration form of the severity, duration, and number of hot flashes before, 4, and 8 weeks after the intervention. Statistical analysis of collected data was conducted using t-test, Chi-square, Friedman, Wilcoxon, and Mann–Whitney tests. Results: The mean score of hot flashes, in the placebo group, was 0.62 ± 0.63 before intervention, 4.24 ± 3.26 four weeks after intervention, and 4.42 ± 1.93 eight weeks after intervention; in the herbal tea group, this rate turned out to be 1.65 ± 1.42 before intervention, 3.8 ± 1.36 four weeks after intervention, and 1.74 ± 4.88 eight weeks after intervention. Hence, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of severity and duration of hot flashes. Conclusion: Taking herbal tea capsules for at least 1 month is recommended for treating hot flashes of women during pregnancy. It is recommended that these herbs be used as herbal supplement.
Burkitt’s lymphoma masquerading as a Crohn’s flare

Sporadic Burkitt’s lymphoma can have a variety of clinical manifestations, including a constellation of gastrointestinal symptoms that can masquerade as other conditions and lead to a delay in diagnosis. Here we review a case of Burkitt’s lymphoma in a patient with a history of Crohn’s disease, initially thought to be a Crohn’s flare on initial presentation. This case highlights the importance of keeping a broad differential and ruling out Crohn’s mimics in the process of treating a presumed exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease.
SMTS: Distributed, Visualized Constraint Solving

The inherent complexity of parallel computing makes development, resource monitoring, and debugging for parallel constraint-solving-based applications difficult. This paper presents SMTS, a framework for parallelizing sequential constraint solving algorithms and running them in distributed computing environments. The design (i) is based on a general parallelization technique that supports recursively combining algorithm portfolios and divide-and-conquer with the exchange of learned information, (ii) provides monitoring by visually inspecting the parallel execution steps, and (iii) supports interactive guidance of the algorithm through a web interface. We report positive experiences on instantiating the framework for one SMT solver and one IC3 solver, debugging parallel executions, and visualizing solving, structure, and learned clauses of SMT instances.
Automatic Space Bound Analysis for Functional Programs with Garbage Collection

This article introduces a novel system for deriving upper bounds on the heap-space requirements of functional programs with garbage collection. The space cost model is based on a perfect garbage collector that immediately deallocates memory cells when they become unreachable. Heap-space bounds are derived using type-based automatic amortized resource analysis (AARA), a template-based technique that efficiently reduces bound inference to linear programming. The first technical contribution of the work is a new operational cost semantics that models a perfect garbage collector. The second technical contribution is an extension of AARA to take into account automatic deallocation. A key observation is that deallocation of a perfect collector can be modeled with destructive pattern matching if data structures are used in a linear way. However, the analysis uses destructive pattern matching to accurately model deallocation even if data is shared. The soundness of the extended AARA with respect to the new cost semantics is proven in two parts via an intermediate linear cost semantics. The analysis and the cost semantics have been implemented as an extension to Resource Aware ML (RaML). An experimental evaluation shows that the system is able to derive tight symbolic heap-space bounds for common algorithms. Often the bounds are asymptotic improvements over bounds that RaML derives without taking into account garbage collection.
Playing with the Maximum-Flow Problem

In the traditional maximum-flow problem, the goal is to transfer maximum flow in a network by directing, in each vertex in the network, incoming flow into outgoing edges. The problem has been extensively used in order to optimize the performance of networks in numerous application areas. The definition of the problem corresponds to a setting in which the authority has control on all vertices of the network. Today’s computing environment involves parties that should be considered adversarial. We survey recent studies on flow games, which capture settings in which the vertices of the network are owned by different and selfish entities. We start with the case of two players, max (the authority), which aims at maximizing the flow, and min (the hostile environment), which aims at minimizing the flow. We argue that such flow games capture many modern settings, such as partiallycontrolled pipe or road systems or hybrid software-defined communication networks. We then continue to the special case where all vertices are owned by min. This case captures evacuation scenarios, where the goal is to maximize the flow that is guaranteed to travel in the most unfortunate routing decisions. Finally, we study the general case, of multiple players, each with her own target vertex. In all settings, we study the problems of finding the maximal flows, optimal strategies for the players, as well as stability and equilibrium inefficiency in the case of multi-player games. We discuss additional variants and their applications, and point to several interesting open problems.
The Systematic Translation of Musical Compositions into Paintings

Jack Ox describes how she paints systematically from music. Selected musical compositions, which have included pieces by J. S. Bach, Stravinksy, Debussy and Bruckner as well as Gregorian Chant, are analyzed according to traditional music theory. Visual procedures are then determined in order to embody the musical information that emerges from the analysis. Imagery deemed appropriate to each composition is painted and then subjected to extensive reformulation. Ox has maintained a consistent procedure since she began rendering her music-to-painting translations in 1977. Her methods have become more complex as a result of her musical training and as she translates music of greater technical and conceptual complexity.
A adição do treinamento contínuo no limiar de lactato aumenta a performance de jogadores de futebol

The addition of continuous training in lactate threshold improves the performance of soccer’s players It has been shown that the continuous training at the lactate threshold improves performance leading to a decrease of the lactate concentrations or in the threshold intensity. Here me measured changes in soccer athlete’s performance that were submitted to a continuous training in the lactate threshold’s speed in addition to the soccer conventional training. Soccer athletes (n=17) between 18 and 20 years old were located in 2 groups. The first one received both continuous and conventional training (GE, n=10) and the other, just conventional (GC (n=7). Lactate threshold’s speed increased after the two first training weeks in both groups. In GE the lactate threshold’s speed increased during the following four weeks. Our results also showed a decrease in the lactate concentration in the GE at the same velocity. These data indicate that the performance of soccer players can be improved by the combination of both training methods.
Naming methods of folk agricultural plot names in Japanese villages: a connection between geography and cognitive linguistics

I metodi di denominazione di piccoli appezzamenti nei villagi rurali giapponesi: un collegamento tra la geografia e la linguistica cognitiva Anche se alcuni geografi, studiosi di folklore e sociolinguisti hanno studiato toponimi riferiti a piccole parcelle all’interno dei villaggi rurali giapponesi, pochi di loro si sono concentrati sui toponimi delle singole aree caratterizzati dalla presenza di risaie e altre coltivazioni. In particolare esiste una categoria di toponimi, i plot names, che possono essere considerati la piu piccola unita di toponimi all’interno di un villaggio giapponese, utilizzati principalmente all’interno di una singola famiglia. Questo studio ricostruisce il processo popolare di denominazione attraverso il quale si arriva alla designazione dei plot names, sulla base dei casi di studio rappresentati dai villaggi giapponesi delle prefetture di Shiga e Nagasaki. In particolare, si sostiene che gli abitanti assegnino il nome al singolo appezzamento utilizzando quattro categorie della linguistica cognitiva: gli attributi semplificati, le relazioni parte/tutto, la contiguita spaziale e quella temporale. Inoltre, concetti chiave di linguistica cognitiva come affordance, prototipo, profilo, base, trajector, e landmark sono teoricamente in grado di spiegare i metodi con i quali si assegna un nome ai piccoli appezzamenti di terreno. Sulla base delle condizioni geografiche, le frequenze di utilizzo di tali processi di denominazione differiscono tra villaggi. Methode de nommage des noms folkloriques des parcelles agricoles dans des villages japonais: connexion entre la geographie et la linguistique cognitive Alors qu'un grand nombre de geographes, d'ethnologues et de linguistes sociaux ont etudie les noms des petites localites dans des villages ruraux japonais jusqu'a present, peu de chercheurs se sont focalises sur les noms des parcelles individuelles des zones caracterisees par des rizieres et des champs secs entoures par des bordures. Ces noms de parcelles, qui representent la plus petite unite de nom des localites dans une agglomeration rurale japonaise, sont principalement utilises dans un seul foyer. Cette etude presente des connaissances essentielles sur les methodes de nommage de ces noms folkloriques des parcelles, basees sur des etudes de cas sur les villages ruraux des prefectures de Shiga et de Nagasaki. Elle demontre egalement que les villageois ruraux nomment chaque parcelle en utilisant quatre methodes cognitives linguistiques: attributs simplifies, relations partielles-entieres, contiguite spatiale et contiguite temporelle. En outre, les concepts cles de la linguistique cognitive tels que l'affordance, le prototype, le profil, la base, le trajecteur et le repere peuvent expliquer theoriquement les methodes de nommage des parcelles. En fonction des conditions geographiques, les frequences d'utilisation de ces methodes different suivant les agglomerations rurales.
Will determining the plasma vascular endothelial growth factor provide a valuable parameter for the assessment of patients with lower extremity artery disease in a General Practitioner’s practice? – a pilot study

Wstęp. angiogeneza jest wieloetapowym procesem tworzenia nowych naczyń w oparciu o już istniejące, a naczyniowo-śródbłonkowy czynnik wzrostu (ang. vascular endothelial growth factor – VeGF) jest jednym z zasadniczych czynników proangiogennych. w krwi chorych z miażdżycą tętnic kończyn dolnych (ang. lower extremity artery disease – lead) obserwuje się podwyższone poziomy VeGF związane z niedokrwieniem i niedotlenieniem tkanek. wskaźnik kostka–ramię (ang. Ankle–Brachial Index – aBi) i ocena dystansu chromania przestankowego (ang. intermittent claudication – ic) są uznanymi narzędziami diagnostycznymi i prognostycznymi u chorych z lead. Cel pracy. celem badania było określenie ewentualnej korelacji między stężeniami VeGF a wartościami spoczynkowego aBi i dystansu ic w teście marszowym u chorych z objawową lead. Materiał i metody. Grupę badaną stanowiło 80 chorych z objawową lead, u których wykonano spoczynkowy aBi oraz test marszowy na bieżni ruchomej z oceną ic. Grupę kontrolną stanowiło 30 zdrowych, niepalących ochotników. w obu grupach oznaczono osoczowe stężenia VeGF metodą elisa (R&d systems, usa). Wyniki. w grupie badanej zaobserwowano istotną statystycznie ujemną korelację między średnimi stężeniami VeGF i wartościami spoczynkowego aBi (r = -0,17; p = 0,015), a także znamienną ujemną korelację między stężeniami VeGF i dystansem ic w teście marszowym (r = -0,30; p < 0,001). Wnioski. osoczowe stężenia VeGF korelowały z powszechnie stosowanymi klinicznymi parametrami oceny chorych z objawową lead. Potencjalna wartość oznaczania VeGF u chorych z lead wymaga potwierdzenia na dużej grupie chorych. Słowa kluczowe: miażdżyca tętnic kończyn dolnych, naczyniowo-śródbłonkowy czynnik wzrostu, wskaźnik kostka–ramię, chromanie przestankowe, biomarker.
We've got blog : how weblogs are changing our culture

An introduction to the phenomenon of Weblogs--online journals and diaries--and the people who keep them. Instantaneous and raw, unedited and uncensored, Weblogs are self-publishing at its best and its worst--occasionally brilliant but often pretentious, sometimes shocking but always fascinating. We've Got Blog is the first book to explore this phenomenon, which has been quickly rising from obscure Webpages to national attention in the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. Weblogs are free, searchable journals of opinions and links updated daily by an individual or a group and they have become some of the hottest Websites. We've Got Blog has pulled together some of the best writing explaining their history, the mavericks who created them, and how they are changing the way we use the Internet.
Processing of noisy digital images with use of evolving autoencoders

A promising class of neural network models used recently to solve the problems of recognition of noisy images are denoising autoencoders. In particular, the evolutionary approach can be effectively used in DAE to determine the network architecture, weights and learning algorithm. The proposed neural network evolving autoencoder allows efficient processing of noisy images due to the iterative learning procedure even in the presence of local distortions. When using the EDAE for determining the network architecture, weights and learning algorithm, standard evolutionary procedures (population initialization, population assessment, selection, crossover, mutation), as well as the evolutionary algorithm for the ANN adjustment and special chromosome formats are used. The proposed approach to filtering and recognition of noisy images based on the EDAE application is promising for environmental monitoring of landscape and industrial areas
Object-Oriented Reverse Engineering —- Coarse-grained, Fine-grained, and Evolutionary Software Visualization

The maintenance, reengineering, and evolution of object-oriented software systems has become a vital matter in today's software industry. Although most systems start off in a clean and well-designed state, with time they tend to gradually decay in quality, unless the systems are reengineered and adapted to the evolving requirements. However, before such legacy software systems can be reengineered and evolved, they must be reverse engineered, i.e., their structure and inner working must b e understood. This is difficult because of several factors, such as the sheer size of the systems, their complexity, their domain specificity, and in general the bad state legacy software systems are in. In this thesis we propose a visual approach to the reverse engineering of object-oriented software systems by means of polymetric views, lightweight visualizations of software enriched with metrics and other types of semantic information about the software, e.g., its age, version, abstractness, location, structure, function, etc. We present and discuss several polymetric views which allow us to understand three different aspects of object-oriented software, namely (1) coarse-grained aspects which allow for the understanding of very large systems, (2) fine -grained aspects which allow for the understanding of classes and class hierarchies, and (3) evolutionary aspects, which enable us to recover and understand the evolution of a software system. The combination of these three types of information can greatly reduce the time needed to gain an understanding of an object-oriented software system. Based on the application of our polymetric views, we present our reverse engineering methodology which we validated and refined on several occasions in industrial set tings. It allows us to explore and combine these three approaches into one single visual approach to understand software.
Distributed dynamic partially stateful dataflow

This thesis present a distributed implementation of Noria, a new streaming dataflow system that simplifies the infrastructure of read-heavy web applications by unifying the database, caching layer, and parts of application logic in a single system. Noria's partially-stateful dataflow allows it to evict and reconstruct state on demand, and avoid prior dataflow systems' restriction to windowed state. Unlike existing dataflow systems, Noria adapts on-line to schema and query changes, and shares state and computation across related queries to eliminate duplicate effort. Noria's distributed design enables it to leverage the compute power of an entire cluster while providing high availability thanks to its fault tolerant design. On a single machine, Noria already outperforms MySQL by up to 7 x, but when running across a cluster of machines, it can scale to tens of millions of reads and millions of writes per second. Thesis Supervisor: M. Frans Kaashoek Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Thesis Supervisor: Malte Schwarzkopf Title: Postdoc
How to compile

References [1] Mauro Pezzè, Jochen Wuttke, "LuMiNous -Model-Driven Assertion Generation for Runtime Failure Detection" in ICSE 09: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering, Companion Volume, 2009. [2] Mauro Pezzè, Jochen Wuttke, "Automatic Generation of Runtime Failure Detectors from Property Templates" in B.H. C. Cheng, R. de Lemos, H. Giese, P. Inverardi, and J. Magee, editors, Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5525, pages 223-240. Springer Verlag Heidelberg, 2009. [3] Jochen Wuttke, "Property Templates and Assertions Supporting Runtime Failure Detection", technical report, University of Lugano, Switzerland, 2008. Preliminary evalua2on
A fuzzy adaptive controller using reinforcement learning neural networks

The authors describe an adaptive controller for complex processes which is capable of learning effective control using process data and improving its control through online adaptation. The controller is applicable to processes with multivariable states and with uncertain or nonlinear dynamics for which analytical models or standard control algorithms are either impractical or cannot be derived. This controller performs a fuzzy discretization of the process state and control variable spaces, and implements fuzzy logic control rules as a fuzzy relation. The membership functions of the fuzzy discretization are adjusted online and the fuzzy control rules are learned using a performance measure as feedback reinforcement. The fuzzy discretization procedure employs a data compression technique permitting multivariable state vector inputs. The controller is implemented with neural networks. Simulation results for the controller applied to a simple dynamical system demonstrate its effectiveness. <<ETX>>
A simplified linguistic information feedback-based dynamical fuzzy system (S-LIFDFS)-Part II. Evaluation

For pt.1 see ibid., p.41-50 (2005). Part I of this paper introduces the simplified linguistic information feedback-based dynamical fuzzy system (S-LIFDFS) as well as adaptive training algorithms for the feedback parameters. In Part II, we are going to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed S-LIFDFS and its learning algorithms in time series prediction. Two artificial time sequences and the well-known Box-Jenkins gas furnace data are used.