Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Historical Background during the Springs and Autumns Period

This chapter explores the political and social order of the aristocratic Springs and Autumns period. It analyzes the formation of the multistate system in the wake of the weakening of the Zhou dynasty, this system’s functioning, and the eventual collapse of the attempts to ensure viable multistate order. The chapter shows that aggravating political fragmentation notwithstanding, the aristocratic elites throughout the Zhou realm maintained considerable cultural unity. Even the elites of alien political entities, such as Wu and Yue, became increasingly absorbed into the broad framework of the Zhou culture, contributing therewith to the expansion of the Zhou realm and the softening of Sino-alien dichotomy. The second part of the chapter focuses on domestic life of the component polities of the Zhou world. Particular attention is given to the power of hereditary aristocrats (specifically, the ministerial lineages) and to political activism of the lower stratum of “capital-dwellers,” who emerged as major beneficiaries of the ongoing struggles between the rulers and their chief ministers.
Characteristics of banks as determinants of profit management for Islamic and conventional banks in ASEAN

This study aims to analyze company characteristics as a determinant of conventional and Islamic bank earnings management in several ASEAN countries (Association of South East Asian Nations). The Multiple Discriminant Analysis was applied to determine the differences between Islamic and Conventional Banks. This test was conducted based on Capital Adequacy Ratio, Income Before Tax and Interest, Non-Performing and Changing Loans, and Company's Size in the banks of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam from 2014 to 2018. The data obtained from 200 banking entities were analyzed discriminatively. The results showed that there were simultaneous differences between Capital Adequacy Ratio, Earnings Before Tax, Loan Loss Provision, Non-Performing and Changing Loans, and Company's Size as determinants of earnings management between Islamic and conventional banks. Also, it was found that Company's Size was the dominant variable determining the management differences. Based on Discriminant Analysis, there were significant differences in the determinants of conventional and Islamic earnings management. The Changing Loan variable showed the highest contribution in determining earnings management in Islamic banks. Overall, this study found that conventional banks dominated Islamic system in practicing earnings management.
Finite Element Simulation of In-Stent Restenosis with Tissue Growth Model

In this study, a finite element simulation of in-stent restenosis (ISR) is conducted to simulate the deployment and expansion of a stent in an occluded artery with a contact model and a mechanics-based growth model. A tissue growth model based on the multiplicative decomposition of deformation is applied to investigate the growth of the plaque and artery wall upon the stent’s implantation. Due to the high stresses at the contact points between the stent struts and the tissue, further tissue injury or restenosis is observed. The simulation results show that after the stent deployment, the von Mises stress is significantly larger in the plaque compared to the artery wall, especially in the region that is in contact with the stent. However, the growth of the plaque and artery tends to even out the stress concentration over time. The tissue growth is found to be more significant near the inner wall than the outer layer. A 0.77 mm restenosis is predicted, which agrees with published clinical observations. The features of the artery growth are carefully analyzed, and the underlying mechanism is discussed. This study is the first attempt to apply finite element analysis to artery restenosis, which establishes a framework for predicting ISR’s occurrence and severity. The results also provide insights into understanding the underlying mechanism of in-stent restenosis.
A Novel Pre-Fabrication Technology to Produce Textile Reinforced Concrete Structural and Non-Structural Components

The present paper gives an outline about a novel manufacturing technology developed to produce textile reinforced concrete (TRC) components. Recently, the construction sector has adapted and gained populari ty for the use of fiber and textile reinforced concrete in many western countries in many applications. It is convincingly proved that TRC can be used both in standalone applications and also as a repair and retrofitting material. However, the use of these materials in India is yet to be popularized mainly due to lack of awareness about the potential of these materials, lack of codal provisions and guidelines for implementation in site and unawareness of construction technologies. Hence, this paper tries to bring in an insight into the various possibilities TRC can offer along with a ready to use technology, named as textile reinforced concrete prototyping technology (TRCPT) developed at CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre.
Motor-Oriented Discrete State Event-Driven Method for Multitime-Scale Simulation of Power Traction Systems

With the development of electric vehicles and high-speed train, the demand for power traction system (PTS) is on the rise. Its stability greatly relies on the performance of power traction converters, whose faults are mainly due to the microsecond- or nanosecond-level switching transient process. To avoid overheat or overvoltage failures, researchers should consider this ultrafast dynamics in power switches during the design phase, preanalyzing transient features such as voltage peak and power loss. Nevertheless, the simultaneous simulation of system dynamics and switching transient, namely multitime-scale simulation, is not easily achievable with current software because of their low efficiency and convergence issue. While the discrete state event-driven (DSED) approach can realize efficient multitime-scale simulation for converters, it is incapable of solving circuits connected with nonlinear elements, e.g., motors. This article demonstrates a motor-oriented interfacing derivative (MID) method for connecting motors with power electronic circuits based on DSED. With this method, a multitime-scale platform capable of simulating large-scale PTSs while providing detailed information such as switching transients is built, which is potentially an accurate and efficient tool for system design. Using this platform, the simulation of modular multilevel converter traction system could be finished 200 times faster than the existing commercial multitime-scale simulation software while being capable of capturing switching transient. The proposed MID method enables an efficient multitime-scale numerical platform for PTSs, which facilitates the overall and iterative design for traction systems, especially those of large scale.
La variabilidad climática como condicionante de presencia de bacterias lácticas autóctonas, Noroeste de la Provincia de Corrientes. Argentina.

La variabilidad climática local constituye uno de los factores naturales más significativos en los procesos y dinámicas que ocurren en un determinado paisaje. Por esta razón, es importante conocer los montos pluviométricos y su distribución temporal, como así también la recurrencia y magnitud de eventos de inundación y sequía. Por otra parte, el conocimiento de la presencia de bacterias lácticas en función de las condiciones ambientales es de sumo interés, tanto para la producción de quesos artesanales como industriales. En este marco, el objetivo de este trabajo fue relacionar la presencia de bacterias lácticas autóctonas en ambientes naturales y las características del paisaje asociadas a la variabilidad climática local. Los resultados permitieron demostrar que la situación ambiental al momento del muestreo, se relacionó directamente con la capacidad de crecimiento de las cepas de bacterias lácticas bajo estudio en condiciones in vitro.
Growth of three-dimensional graphene films on the Ni foil

Construction of three-dimensional (3D) graphene has become one of the most stirring engineering topics in recent decades due to their potential applications in the fields of sensor, catalysis and energy conversion/storage. In present work, we reported the synthesis of 3D graphene films using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition on the Ni foil substrate. The results of Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicated that the synthesised 3D graphene films are in multi-layered structure, with high defect concentration, and with small crystalline particle size. Finally the growth mechanism of the 3D graphene is proposed.
Diamond Touch (DT) based on hyperactive game in applying the concept of life science in early childhood education

Media DT based on this simple innovation hyperactive game is an alternative learning media used during the Covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative research aims to see the influence of these media on student learning outcomes. Forty-six primary school respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire and multiple choices. Data were analyzed by a simple regression test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed the influence of hyperactive game-based DT media in increasing understanding of the concept of life science. The results of this study imply that the selection of attractive media is an important requirement in the learning process of the 21st century.
Study of aerosol optical properties at different tourist places of Nepal

The comparative study of aerosol optical properties at different tourist places of Nepal has been performed. Langtang BC, Lumbini, Pokhara, Kathmandu-bode, EVK2-CNR, Jomsom and Kyanjin_Gompa were the places chosen for observation. We have analyzed the monthly and seasonal variation of aerosol optical properties for a different year of the above-mentioned places. AOD was found to be maximum in spring due to vegetation fire and land clearing for crop cultivation and, then in winter due to biomass burning, heating needs, pollution from bricks kilns, factories, and vehicles that contribute to winter haze. It consequently decreases in summer and was found to be minimum in autumn as summer constituent both dry and wet days and autumn starts with the ending of monsoon. But it was quite different in the case of Pokhara where it was minimum in summer than in autumn as Pokhara is the only city where maximum rainfall occurs in summer. We have also studied the relation between AOD and the corresponding wavelength. It was acclaimed that the AOD of shorter wavelength is more than the longer one which is because of the angstrom exponent. The relation between AOD and precipitated water has been observed and noticed one to one correspondence except July and August. The cross-correlation between these two factors found to be very high indicating a time lag of approximately 2 months with the presence of aerosol on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). BIBECHANA 18 (2021) 170-183
Integrated Single Inductor Converter for a DC Grid System Connected With Battery and Load

Among the various dc grid system concepts connected to battery and load, the parallel-connected structure is widely adopted due to its simplicity. However, it has two inductors, which operate simultaneously when using a battery, so the power density and efficiency can be degraded. To alleviate these problems, in this article, we propose a new single inductor converter. By integrating the two converters and using the battery switching cell, the proposed converter can reduce the number of inductors required and employ lower voltage-rated switches. Therefore, the proposed converter can achieve high power density and efficiency. A 500-W prototype converter is implemented, and each mode is examined under various operating conditions to confirm the validity.
Development in the Research on DTC Derivatives for Heavy Metal Treatment

Dithiocarbamate (DTC) derivatives have a strong ability of chelating heavy metals, which are used in environmental treatment mainly in forms chelating agent and chelating resin. The former is mainly used to remove heavy metal ions in the complicated contaminants; the latter is mainly used to separate and pre-concentrate metals in environmental analysis. In the future, further investigation should be made to develop more stable, effective and less toxic products according to the relation between their structures and performances, and more attention should be paid to researches on their application processes.
Parties courting Muslim voters in Belgium’s local elections: electoral incentives and ideological tensions

ABSTRACT This study examines how political parties in urban Europe are responding to the changing demographic landscape, by focusing on a growing population of immigrant origin voters from Muslim majority countries. The 2018 communal elections in Brussels provide an opportunity to examine how party ideology and commune-level demography interact to make Muslim candidate nominations, and ultimately their election, more or less likely. While generally true that parties of the Left nominate and elect more Muslims than do parties of the Right, by far the greatest difference in inclusiveness was identified within the Left, between the Socialists and the Greens. And while the Greens had a good result in these elections, they did so in communes where fewer Muslims concentrate. While this may not be as important at the national level, where voting rights are more restricted, it suggests the need to qualify claims that electoral incentives - and demography – trump ideology in competitive electoral contexts.
Anesthetic management of argon laser photocoagulation in patients with premature retinopathy: Single center three-years experience of 178 cases

Aim: The better survival rate of extremely low birth weight preterm infants results in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Blindness due to ROP can be prevented with urgent treatment started within 72 hours. A preterm infant always presents a great challenge to the anesthetists. Laser photocoagulation treatment under general anesthesia possesses extreme risks due to sharing the limited area with the surgeon. We aimed to present our experience of anesthetic management of premature infants receiving general anesthesia during laser photocoagulation treatment of ROP. Materials and Methods: Data belonging to a total of 159 former preterm infants that had 178 laser photocoagulation under general anesthesia between January 1st, 2013, and December 31st, 2015 were evaluated retrospectively in a period of three-years. Demographic and medical data were recorded from pre-anesthetic assessment sheets. Anesthesia induction technique, airway and pain management, peri/post operative adverse events, need for intubation were also recorded from anesthesia charts. Results: There was no significant difference between the stage of ROP and gender. Among 159 infants 13 of them were from twinbirths and 5 of them were from triplet-births. Number of infants, who previously had general anesthesia for a surgical procedure other than laser photocoagulation, was 10 (%5.6). Most common surgical operation performed was explorative laparotomy for ileus (%2.8). Mean duration of anesthesia was 78.12±34.8 min (min-max 20-210). Mean birth weight of the infants was 1334±398g (minmax 480-2330). Mean gestational age at birth was 29.37±2.5 w (min-max 23-35 w). Conclusion: In the light of our results, with an experienced anesthetic and neonatal team, general anesthesia with sevoflurane can be performed safely to perform an immediate return to their preoperative hemodynamic and consciousness state at the end of the procedure. The need for further prospective data regarding the management of this vulnerable patient group is still evident.
Study on the Improvement of Methane Explosion Inhibition Effect by Ultrafine Water Mist Containing Methanotroph-inorganic Salt

ABSTRACT The explosion of combustible gas is an urgent problem to be solved in production safety accidents. In this paper, the experiment of methanotroph degradation of CH4 and the experiment of the water mist containing methanotroph-inorganic salt inhibiting the methane explosion were carried out respectively based on a self-designed and built semi-closed small-scale experimental platform. We studied different volumes of the water mist containing methanotroph-inorganic salt to inhibit 5%, 8%, 9.5%, 12%, 15% methane explosion, and analyzed the relationship between time and relevant experimental parameters such as flame structure, flame average propagation velocity, maximum explosion overpressure, and average pressure rise rate, etc. The result showed that the water mist containing methanotroph-inorganic salt had a quite restrain effect on the methane explosion. At the same time, for first spray, when the degradation time is constant, with the increase of spraying volume, the explosion suppression effect is better. And when the spraying volume remains the same, the longer the degradation time is, the better the explosion suppression effect. As for the secondary spray, when spraying volume remains the same, the explosion suppression effect under the condition of Degradation with spray + explosion suppression with spray is superior to that of direct explosion suppression, whose reason is that the first spray mainly plays the biodegradation role of methanotroph, while the secondary spray mainly plays the physicochemical synergistic explosion inhibition role of the water mist containing methanotroph-inorganic salt.
Strategic Collaboration Framework Between Vocational Colleges and Automotive Industry in Peninsular Malaysia

This study investigates the main construct and sub construct in forming a strategic collaboration between vocational colleges and automotive industry. Three (3) research questions have been developed to achieve the research objectives. Qualitative and quantitative research approach were used to develop insights into stakeholders’ perspectives of vocational colleges and the automotive industry. Semi-structured interviews among the respondents were used to collect the data. The samples of the study required a total of 20 respondents from vocational colleges and 20 respondents from high technology industries and small-medium industries in automotive after-sales services in Malaysia. For quantitative research, a total of 337 respondents were involved. The findings identified the main construct and sub construct in forming the collaboration between vocational colleges and automotive industries. It also identified the best strategic collaboration areas between both parties. Keywords—strategic collaboration, automotive industry, education and training
Bootstrapped switch with improved linearity based on a negative-voltage bootstrapped capacitor

This study introduces a new bootstrapped switch for improving samplinglinearity. Inthistechnology,theintroductionofanegative-voltage bootstrap capacitor reduces the parasitic capacitance at the critical signal node, thus improving its linearity. The proposed circuit is simulated using 0.18- (cid:22) m complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. The parasitic capacitance of the proposed scheme is approximately 30% lower than that of the conventional structure. In the case of rail-to-rail input, the proposed switch achieves a signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio (SNDR) of 83.3dB and a spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 82.3dB from a 1.2-V supply at a 50-MHz sampling rate. The SFDR and SNDR of the proposed bootstrapped switch increase by 11.7 and 12.7dB, respectively, compared with those of conventional bootstrapped switches.
Growth and nutrition of Passiflora edulis submitted to saline stress after silicon application

Abstract We carried out greenhouse experiment to evaluate the effect of silicon (Si) on growth and mineral nutrition of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) submitted to saline stress in a nutritive solution. The experiment comprised a completely randomized design in a 5x4 factorial scheme: five NaCl concentrations (0; 7.5; 15; 30 and 60 mmol L-1) and four SiO2 concentrations (0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mmol L-1) with four replicates. At the end of 35 days, we measured stem diameter, leaves, stem, and roots dry matter, as well as the macronutrient, Na, Cl, and Si leaf accumulation in plants. In most cases, the increase in NaCl supply in a nutritive solution reduced the dry matter of roots, stem, and leaves. The SiO2 supply attenuated the effect on higher tested saline stress (30 and 60 mmol L-1 NaCl) on roots and stem dry matter. The application of 0.5 mmol L-1 of SiO2 reduced the deleterious effect of salinity on all macronutrients absorption in yellow passion fruit cultivated in a nutritive solution.
Comparison of the degree of microbiological contamination of selected closed rooms using the method of fast detection with a multi-sensor matrix

The problem of microbiological contamination has been an important issue in the construction and environmental industry for many years. The concept of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) means a combination of different health conditions, which can be eradicated by being in a specific interior. The basic prerequisite for an effective analysis of the issue is a detailed knowledge of its causes and consequences for people. In many cases, the reason for SBS is an increase in humidity of building partitions, but also excessive humidity in closed rooms, which becomes the cause of microbiological contamination of building objects. These factors create appropriate conditions for the development of microorganisms, adversely affecting the durability of the building, its technical condition, and above all the health of residents. This article presents a comparison of two rooms of technical nature, characterised by a different degree of microbiological load. For the analysis, a room with a high degree of microbiological contamination and a room in which high quality internal air quality is maintained were selected. The degree of a microbiological load will be determined on the basis of sensory measurements carried out with the use of microbiological, chemical, and rapid detection method using a multisensor matrix. The multi-sensor matrix forms the basis for electronic nose technology, which can also be used to assess internal air quality.