Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐I, an insulin‐like growth factor analog used to mimic a potential IGF‐II autocrine loop, promotes the differentiation of human colon‐carcinoma cells

HT29‐D4 human colon‐carcinoma cells have been shown to secrete insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐II and to simultaneously express type‐I IGF receptors. However, the sequestration of IGF‐II by several molecular forms of IGF‐binding proteins (IGFBP) in the culture medium prevents the establishment of an operative IGF‐II autocrine loop. IGFBPs secreted by HT29‐D4 cells (HT29‐D4 IGFBP) comprise isoforms of IGFBP‐4 (25, 27 and 30 kDa) and 2 unidentified forms (34.5 and 32‐34 kDa). This latter does not bind 125I‐IGF‐I. The net affinity of HT29‐D4 IGFBP is about 12 times stronger for IGF‐II (KD approx. 10−10 M) than for IGF‐I. All the HT29‐D4 IGFBP molecular forms are unable to bind the N‐terminally truncated IGF‐I analog, des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐1. In contrast, HT29‐D4 cell‐surface type‐l IGF receptors bind IGF‐I and des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐l identically (KD approx. 5 × 10−10M). We have taken advantage of these particular binding properties to use des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐1 to mimic a potential IGF autocrine loop and to observe its biological consequences. Nanomolar concentrations of des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐1 induce HT29‐D4 cells to develop into a differentiated phenotype, as judged by a substantial carcinoembryonic antigen release and the induction of numerous intercellular cysts with well‐organized microvilli. In the same way, des‐(1–3)‐IGF‐1 early induces a slight inhibition of HT29‐D4 cell proliferation. Based on these findings, we conclude that the type‐l IGF receptor primarily controls the differentiation of these colonic cells, and that HT29‐D4 cancer cells remain in an undifferentiated state because of their inability to use endogenous IGF‐II as an autocrine regulatory factor. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and diagnostic evaluation of possible dementia in general practice

Objective. To investigate the rate of diagnostic evaluation of dementia for patients in whom a suspicion of dementia was raised, and to investigate reasons why a diagnostic evaluation was not always being performed. Design. A prospective study among elderly patients aged 65+, and a follow-up study. Setting. In all, 17 general practices in Copenhagen with 40 865 patients on their lists of whom 2934 were aged 65+. Subjects. A total of 793 patients consulting their GP regardless of reason of encounter, in October and November 2002. Main outcome measures. MMSE score ≤ 23, GP clinical impression of dementia, laboratory-screening tests prescribed by the GPs and referral status after 6 months, and follow-up questionnaire. Results. Of 793 patients a total of 138 patients were identified with possible dementia. Among the identified patients 26 (20%) were referred for further evaluation within 6 months, and 4 (3%) were treated for depression or referred for another condition. A total of 6 patients were lost to follow up. In the remaining 102 undiagnosed patients the main reasons for not performing a diagnostic evaluation of dementia were patient/relative hesitation (34%), the GP thought that it would not have any consequences for the patient, or the GP estimated that the patient was too fragile (21%). Conclusion. In 17% of elderly patients in general practice a suspicion of dementia could be raised based on the clinical impression of the GP or MMSE score. However, only 23% of this group were evaluated by their GP or referred to a memory clinic within a subsequent period of 6 months.
Adult Learners in Higher Education: An Examination of Academic, Social and Environmental Needs as Perceived by Adult Learners and Faculty.

ii Acknowledgments . iii List of Tables . iv Chapter I: Introduction . 1 Overview . 1 Academic Needs . 4 Social Needs . 4 Environmental Needs . 6 Statement of the Research Problem . 7 Purpose of the Study . 8 Significance of the Study . 8 Research Questions . 9 Limitations and Assumptions . 10 Definition of Terms . 11 Chapter Summary . 12 Chapter II: Review of Literature . 14 Purpose of the Study . 14 Research Questions . 14 Significance of the Study . 15
GaAs MESFET interface considerations

Various properties of GaAs MESFET's are discussed in terms of the basic physics of interfaces and deep levels. Fermi-level pinning is shown to lead to hole injection from a positively biased metal lying in direct contact with semi-insulating GaAs. This hole injection is partially responsible for low-frequency oscillations in GaAs MESFET's. Backgating and low-frequency oscillations are shown to be a direct consequence of the peculiar nature of the channel-substrate interface. This interface is discussed within the framework of a three-level model.
Interaction of medial temporal lobe atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in AD

The authors investigated the interaction between medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in Alzheimer disease (AD). They measured the MTL and WMH on MRI in 58 AD patients and 28 controls. MTL atrophy was associated with an increased risk of AD (OR = 6.2), but there was no significant association between WMH and AD. Moreover, there was an interaction between MTL and WMH (p = 0.045). These results suggest that vascular and Alzheimer-type pathology act in synergy in the clinical syndrome of AD.
Supporting information for Rheology of Soft Colloids Near 1 Rigidity Onset : Critical Scaling , Thermal , and Non-thermal 2 Responses

Anindita Basu, Ye Xu, 2 Tim Still, 2 P. E. Arratia, Zexin Zhang, K. N. 4 Nordstrom, Jennifer M. Rieser, J. P. Gollub, 5 D. J. Durian, and A. G. Yodh 5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, 6 University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA 7 Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter, 8 CNRS-Rhodia-UPenn UMI 3254, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, USA 9 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, 10 University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA 11 Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, 12 Soochow University, Suzhou, China 13 Department of Physics, Haverford College, PA 19041, USA 14 (Dated: January 16, 2014) 15
Lay health epistemics and motivated information behaviors of new food technology

This study examines relationships among health information orientation, situational perceptual frames, and active information behaviors pertinent to the safety controversy of genetically-modified (GM) food technology. A web survey was conducted in the US (N = 393). Based on our findings, an integrative model of Kim and Grunig’s (2011) Situational Theory of Problem Solving (STOPS) and Dutta-Bergman’s (2004) concept of health information orientation is suggested to explain lay health epistemics and various information behaviors about that new food technology. The study’s theoretical and practical implications are discussed (86 words).
Body Image and Transsexualism

Background: To achieve a detailed view of the body image of transsexual patients, an assessment of perception, attitudes and experiences about one’s own body is necessary. To date, research on the body image of transsexual patients has mostly covered body dissatisfaction with respect to body perception. Sampling and Methods: We investigated 23 preoperative (16 male-to-female and 7 female-to-male transsexual patients) and 22 postoperative (14 male-to-female and 8 female-to-male) transsexual patients using a validated psychological measure for body image variables. Results: We found that preoperative transsexual patients were insecure and felt unattractive because of concerns about their body image. However, postoperative transsexual patients scored high on attractiveness and self-confidence. Furthermore, postoperative transsexual patients showed low scores for insecurity and concerns about their body. Conclusions: Our results indicate an improvement of body image concerns for transsexual patients following standards of care for gender identity disorder. Follow-up studies are recommended to confirm the assumed positive outcome of standards of care on body image.
A monolithic CMOS DC-DC converter

A monolithic current-mode pulsewidth- modulation (PWM) control CMOS DC-DC converter is introduced in this paper. The converter is composed of a power stage and a feedback network.And in the feedback network,a buffer with dead time is introduced to eliminate the short-circuit power dissipation of switching transistor. This design is presented in SMIC 0.18 mum Mixed-signal CMOS technology, The Hspice simulation results show that the output voltage is 1.8 V, the conversion efficiency is 90.9%, the output ripple voltage is less than 5 mV under 3.3 V input voltage.
Characterization of Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus Intracellular Xylanase Xyn10B Encoded by the xyn10B Gene

The Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus xyn10B gene encoding a family-10 xylanase was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzyme rXyn10B was characterized. Immunological analysis suggested that Xyn10B is an intracellular enzyme. rXyn10B hydrolyzed birch-wood xylan and xylooligosaccharides to produce mainly xylobiose, suggesting that it is an endoxylanase. Its properties were significantly different from those of some homologous enzymes.
Role of Heparin-Binding Growth-Associated Molecule (HB-GAM) in Hippocampal LTP and Spatial Learning Revealed by Studies on Overexpressing and Knockout Mice

Heparin-binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM) is an extracellular matrix-associated protein with neurite outgrowth-promoting activity and which is suggested to be implicated in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. To study the functions of HB-GAM in adult brain we have produced HB-GAM overexpressing mice and compared phenotypic changes in the transgenic mice to those in the HB-GAM null mice. Both mutants were viable and displayed no gross morphological abnormalities. The basal synaptic transmission was normal in the area CA1 of hippocampal slices from the genetically modified mice. However, long-term potentiation (LTP) was attenuated in the mice overexpressing HB-GAM, whereas enhanced LTP was detected in the HB-GAM-deficient mice. Changes in LTP seen in vitro were paralleled by behavioral alterations in vivo. The animals overexpressing HB-GAM displayed faster learning in water maze and decreased anxiety in elevated plus-maze, while the HB-GAM knockouts demonstrated an opposite behavioral phenotype. These results show that HB-GAM suppresses LTP in hippocampus and plays a role in regulation of learning-related behavior.
Drug–social interactions in the reinforcing property of methamphetamine in mice

There are many examples of the social facilitation of drug effects. This study focused on the pharmacological state of social partners and reports the effects of drug injections in mice whose cage mates were also, or were not, injected with the drug. The reinforcing property of methamphetamine was examined in a social context using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in mice. The paired and control-paired groups both received CPP training with a cage mate. In the paired group, both mice were either injected with methamphetamine (2 mg/kg), or with saline. The control-paired group received CPP training with their cage mate but treatment was reversed: when one mouse was injected with the drug the other was injected with saline. For the paired group, the methamphetamine injection enhanced the reinforcing effect of the drug in comparison with the mice that had undergone conventional CPP in a single-mouse design. In contrast, the control-paired group did not show such a social enhancement effect. These results suggest that sharing the same experience is crucial for the social enhancement of the methamphetamine reinforcing effect.
The Influence of Service Quality and Store Atmosphere on Customer Loyalty through Customer Satisfaction

This study aims to determine the direct indirect influence of service quality, store atmosphere and customer satisfaction as an intervening variable on customer loyalty. The population of this research is customer of Martabak Platinum Ruby Pekalongan Cafe. The number of sample is 116 respondents with purpose sampling technique through likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis using descriptive percentage and path analysis. The results show that service quality affect customer loyalty, store atmosphere affect customer loyalty and customer satisfaction influence customer loyalty and mediate the influence of service quality and store atmosphere on customer loyalty.
Minimization of Bias-Induced Memory Effects in UHF Radio Frequency High Power Amplifiers with Broadband Signals

If the biasing circuit of a class AB radio frequency power amplifier (RF PA) does not present a zero impedance at the envelope frequencies, undesired ac voltages will be added to the dc supply voltage, producing amplitude and phase modulation of the RF output signal. Unfortunately, the sidebands due to this bias modulation fall exactly where the intermodulation distortion (IMD) products occur, producing their reinforcement or attenuation. This paper presents an effective biasing technique that minimizes this bias modulation while providing, at the same time, high impedance at the carrier frequency and low impedance at the second harmonic
Perceived managerial autonomy in municipally owned corporations: disentangling the impact of output control, process control, and policy-profession conflict

ABSTRACT Many European municipalities rely on municipally owned corporations (MOCs) to serve the public interest. Some MOCs, e.g. utilities or hospitals, are also aimed at generating financial revenue, others provide funded services like public transportation. Our article explores local governments’ approaches to the managerial control of influential MOCs. To conceptualize control, we distinguish control mechanisms (e.g. output control), correlates (e.g. policy-profession conflict), and perceived managerial autonomy. Drawing on a sample of 243 MOC top managers in Germany, structural equation modelling reveals four complex relationships between output control, process control, supervisor trust, and policy-profession conflict as antecedents of perceived managerial autonomy.
Management recommendations for metabolic complications associated with second generation antipsychotic use in children and youth.

BACKGROUND Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are commonly associated with metabolic complications. These medications are being used more frequently for the treatment of mental health disorders in children, which has stimulated the need for creating formal guidelines on monitoring their safety and effectiveness. Previous guidelines have been developed for monitoring for metabolic and neurological complications. In order to assist practitioners who perform these monitoring procedures, we have created a complementary set of treatment recommendations if abnormal measurements or results are encountered. OBJECTIVE To create evidence-based recommendations to assist in managing metabolic complications in children being treated with second generation antipsychotics. METHODS A systematic review of the literature on metabolic complications of second generation antipsychotic medications in children was conducted. Members of the consensus group evaluated the information gathered from the systematic review of the literature and used a nominal group process to come to consensus on treatment recommendations. Wherever possible, references were made to existing guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of metabolic abnormalities in children. RESULTS Evidence-based recommendations are presented to assist in managing metabolic complications, including weight gain, increased waist circumference, elevation in cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose, liver function tests, abnormal thyroid studies, and elevation in prolactin. CONCLUSION The use of SGAs requires proper monitoring procedures. This treatment guideline provides guidance to clinicians on clinical management of metabolic complications if they occur.
Effect of vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: in vitro study

Abstract Background and objective: Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high incidence of persistent otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube insertion. It has been suggested that the tube material may be an important factor in the persistence of such otorrhoea. Development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube placement is a growing concern. We evaluated the effect of using vancomycin and chitosan coated tympanostomy tubes on the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in vitro. Materials and methods: Three sets each of vancomycin-coated silicone tubes (n = 5), commercial silver oxide coated silicone tubes (n = 5) and uncoated tympanostomy tubes (as controls; n = 5) were compared as regards resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation after in vitro incubation. Results: Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surfaces of the silver oxide coated tubes supported the formation of thick biofilms with crusts, comparable to the appearance of the uncoated tubes. In contrast, the surface of the vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes was virtually devoid of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Conclusion: Vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes resist methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Pending further study, such tubes show promise in assisting the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.
Public opinion on the Eurozone fiscal union: evidence from survey experiments in Italy

ABSTRACT We investigate public attitudes toward the fiscal union: a policy advocated in official European Union documents and designed to address asynchronous economic fluctuations in the eurozone. We employ survey questions and conjoint analyses embedded in population-based panel surveys in Italy, and draw expectations from theories of tax-and-transfer schemes, public insurance, ideology, diffuse support, identity and trust. High-income right-wing individuals with weak European identity and negative assessment of EU membership are more likely to oppose the measure. However, high-income respondents display greater willingness to pay, especially in order to keep the euro, whereas lower-income participants are readier to ditch the currency if the monetary union does not deliver good economic performance. The political feasibility of this policy seems therefore to rest on the willingness to contribute by the core constituency supporting the euro. We also investigate the preferences for the institutional design of the policy.
A Comparative Study of NBTI and PBTI (Charge Trapping) in SiO2/HfO2 Stacks with FUSI, TiN, Re Gates

Threshold voltage (V<sub>t</sub>) of a field effect transistor (FET) is observed to shift with stressing time and this stress induced V <sub>t</sub> shift is an important transistor reliability issue. V<sub>t </sub> shifts that occur under negative gate bias is referred as NBTI and those that occur under positive bias is referred as PBTI or charge trapping. In this paper, we present a comparative study of NBTI and PBTI for a variety of FETs with different dielectric stacks and gate materials. The study has two parts. In part I, NBTI and PBTI measurements are performed for FUSI NiSi gated FETs with SiO<sub>2</sub> SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfSiO as gate dielectric stacks and the results are compared with those for conventional SiON/poly-Si FETs. The main results are: (i) NBTI for SiO <sub>2</sub>/NiSi and SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub>/NiSi are same as those conventional SiON/poly-Si FETs; (ii) PBTI significantly increases as the Hf content in the high K layer is increased; and (iii) PBTI is a greater reliability issue than NBTI for HfO<sub>2</sub>/NiSi FETs. In part II of the study, NBTI and PBTI measurements are performed for SiO2/HfO2 devices with TiN and Re as gates and the results are compared with those for NiSi gated FETs. The main results are: (i) NBTI for SiO <sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub>/TiN and SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub>/Re pFETs are similar with those observed for NiSi gated pFETs; and (ii) PBTI in TiN and Re gated HfO<sub>2</sub> devices is much smaller than those observed for SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub>/NiSi. In summary for SiO<sub>2</sub>/HfO<sub>2</sub> stacks, NBTI is observed to be independent of gate material whereas PBTI is significantly worse for FUSI gated devices. Consequently, HfO<sub>2</sub> FETs with TiN and Re gates exhibit over all superior transistor reliability characteristics in comparison to HfO<sub>2</sub>/FUSI FETs
Dapagliflozin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus

ABSTRACT Introduction: In 2017, the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains intriguing for the clinician, who has to balance between adequate glycemic control and untoward events related to insulin up-titration. Thus, agents that will complement insulin actions and reduce adverse effects are highly welcome. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize results from studies on the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin in T1DM. Expert opinion: In T1DM, dapagliflozin is associated with significant antihyperglycemic and metabolic properties, which are achieved with reduction or stabilization of insulin dose and with a very low trend for hypoglycemia. However, there is a lot to learn with respect to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), bone fractures and lower limb ischemia.
Quantification of interplay effects of scanned particle beams and moving targets

Scanned particle beams and target motion interfere. This interplay leads to deterioration of the dose distribution. Experiments and a treatment planning study were performed to investigate interplay. Experiments were performed with moving radiographic films for different motion parameters. Resulting dose distributions were analyzed for homogeneity and dose coverage. The treatment planning study was based on the time-resolved computed tomography (4DCT) data of five lung tumor patients. Treatment plans with margins to account for respiratory motion were optimized, and resulting dose distributions for 108 different motion parameters for each patient were calculated. Data analysis for a single fraction was based on dose–volume histograms and the volume covered with 95% of the planned dose. Interplay deteriorated dose conformity and homogeneity (1-standard deviation/mean) in the experiments as well as in the treatment-planning study. The homogeneity on radiographic films was below ≈80% for motion amplitudes of ≈15 mm. For the treatment-planning study based on patient data, the target volume receiving at least 95% of the prescribed dose was on average (standard deviation) 71.0% (14.2%). Interplay of scanned particle beams and moving targets has severe impact on the resulting dose distributions. Fractionated treatment delivery potentially mitigates at least parts of these interplay effects. However, especially for small fraction numbers, e.g. hypo-fractionation, treatment of moving targets with scanned particle beams requires motion mitigation techniques such as rescanning, gating, or tracking.