Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The broad-band fractal nature of heterogeneity in the upper crust from petrophysical logs

In situ measurements of petrophysical properties of the upper crust from wire-line logs provide a direct means of assessing fluctuations in these properties with depth, and thus allow for the statistical characterization of crustal heterogeneity. Wire-line logs from a cluster of nine boreholes (1000–1500 m deep) have been analysed using four different techniques: autocorrelation, semi-variogram, rescaled range and power spectra. Six of the boreholes are vertical, the remainder inclined. All penetrate clastic and pyroclastic rock. The analysis techniques have been tested on synthetic data, for which we have precise control on the scaling, in order to assess their robustness. The results, for the borehole data, show broad-band fractal scaling with a fractal dimension of 1.62 to 1.97 (autocorrelation), 1.59 to 1.79 (rescaled range) and 1.61 to 2.0 (power spectra). The use of different techniques to estimate the fractal dimension provides an excellent constraint on the results. Furthermore, it allows us to determine which model for crustal heterogeneity best describes the data: a ‘band-limited’ von Karman function or ‘unbounded’ fractal scaling. In order to test the possible anisotropy in the scaling parameters, the horizontal scaling properties for this area have been calculated by correlation-spectra analysis of neighbouring wells. This suggests that upper-crustal correlation lengths are of the order of kilometres and anisotropic, being over four times greater in the horizontal direction. The origins of the observed power-law scaling are complex. Analysis of long-term correlations between logs and televiewer data points towards the influence of fracture porosity within the pyroclastics. But a fractal distribution of pore spaces within the clastics also controls the log fluctuations. Separating the logs into clastic and pyroclastic subsets reveals slight differences in fractal scaling, as determined by autocorrelation and semi-variogram. These differences are attributed to the dominance of either primary or fracture porosity within each geological unit.
The Intensity of Convergence Process in the European Union

The objective of this research is to analyze the differences between Romania and the European Union regarding the convergence process. In this paper we were interested in determining the forecasting horizon for which Romania, in certain conditions, might have a value of GDP per capita that is closer to the average of EU (25 countries) and we obtained that 18 years are necessary for Romania to achieve the convergence compared to EU average of GDP per capita. The co-integration approach suggested that in the last 15 years there is a divergence of the Romania economic growth and the EU-25 average. This research might be developed by taking into account other measures of economic convergence.
The Effect of the Usage of Computer-Based Assistive Devices on the Functioning and Quality of Life of Individuals who are Blind or have low Vision

Introduction The Israel Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services subsidizes computer-based assistive devices for individuals with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) to assist these individuals in their interactions with computers and thus to enhance their independence and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of computer usage on the quality of life of computer-based assistive device users, and to evaluate their capacity to carry out computer-based tasks. Methods The study was conducted between the years 2013 and 2015. Questionnaires were provided to 96 randomly sampled individuals with visual impairments. These questionnaires were designed to collect information about the quality of life, types and frequency of computer use, satisfaction with the assistive devices, and the effects of computer-based assistive device usage on the participants’ lives. In addition, the study evaluated participants’ performance in tasks such as e-mail use, Internet surfing, and the use of Microsoft Word; participants performed these tasks on their personal computers. The research sample accounts for about 10% of visually impaired persons in Israel. Results Findings suggest that participants use computer-based assistive devices frequently (four hours a day on average), primarily for leisure (three hours on average). Participants also report high satisfaction with their devices (mean of 3.98 out of the maximum score of 5.00) and indicate that the devices have improved their quality of life (mean 3.67 out of 5.00) and leisure activities (mean 3.68 out of 5.00). Participants display high levels of task performance, especially in the use of Microsoft Word software (mean of 3.47 out of 5.00), and e-mail usage (mean of 3.81 out of 5.00). Discussion The findings suggest that most participants use computer-based assistive devices daily and report a positive influence from them on their quality of life and activity. Implications for practitioners The study suggests that welfare services and assistance organizations would benefit from subsidizing computer assistive devices for individuals with visual impairments.
An Architecture for Providing Security to Cloud Resources

One of the major challenges in Cloud computing is providing security to the cloud resources. In present paper, we make use of the concept of virtualization to protect the cloud components and the integrity of guest virtual machines. To guarantee increased security to cloud resources, an architecture called Cloud Protection System (CPS) is proposed. CPS remains fully transparent to the cloud components and the guest virtual machines since it is implemented on the base machine and monitors the integrity of guest virtual machines. Also, we propose an architecture called HypeSec, which can be integrated in the hypervisor Qemu, where it controls all inter-VM communication according to formal security policies. The architecture CPS is fully implemented using Eucalyptus cloud environment, and Qemu as the hypervisor. The effectiveness of the prototype is shown by testing it against the Sebek rootkit attack.
Closing the gap: global potential for increasing biofuel production through agricultural intensification

Since the end of World War II, global agriculture has undergone a period of rapid intensification achieved through a combination of increased applications of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, the implementation of best management practice techniques, mechanization, irrigation, and more recently, through the use of optimized seed varieties and genetic engineering. However, not all crops and not all regions of the world have realized the same improvements in agricultural intensity. In this study we examine both the magnitude and spatial variation of new agricultural production potential from closing of ‘yield gaps’ for 20 ethanol and biodiesel feedstock crops. With biofuels coming under increasing pressure to slow or eliminate indirect land-use conversion, the use of targeted intensification via established agricultural practices might offer an alternative for continued growth. We find that by closing the 50th percentile production gap—essentially improving global yields to median levels—the 20 crops in this study could provide approximately 112.5 billion liters of new ethanol and 8.5 billion liters of new biodiesel production. This study is intended to be an important new resource for scientists and policymakers alike—helping to more accurately understand spatial variation of yield and agricultural intensification potential, as well as employing these data to better utilize existing infrastructure and optimize the distribution of development and aid capital.
Morse Theory on Transnormal Embeddings of S m

In this work we use Morse theory to study the generating frames of transnormal embeddings of S m in R n . In general we start with M as a smooth compact connected m-manifold without boundary and f : M −→ R as a function whose critical points are non-degenerate. Using Morse Inequalities, we show that the generating frame of a transnormal embedding of S 1 splits into two transitive sets. Also we give a detailed proof for Robertson’s conclusion [13] regarding r-transnormal embeddings of S m , m> 1.
Developing a C++ interface for netCDF-4

The network common data form (netCDF) was created by Unidata at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research to simplify data access and sharing in the atmospheric science community. Even though the current full release of netCDF known as netCDF-3 has proven to be successful, increasing data complexity and user demands have necessitated a new release of netCDF with improved functionality and the ability to store user defined data types. With this in mind Unidata created netCDF-4 which features all the functionality of netCDF-3 as well as more flexible ways to add data and better support for custom data structures. This implementation adopts simplified aspects of another more complex data model know as HDF5. At present netCDF-4 interfaces exist for C, and Fortran, however none exists for C++. This project’s aim was to design and partially implement a C++ interface for netCDF-4. The netCDF-4 C++ interface was implemented as a thin layer on top of the netCDF-4 C interface; its design however allows all the functionality of a full C++ implementation of the interface. When fully implemented the netCDF-4 C++ interface will allow data providers and developers with a preference for C++ to take advantage of the new features netCDF-4 offers for creating portable, self-describing datasets. The Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research and Science (SOARS) Program is managed by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) with support from participating universities. SOARS is funded by the National Science Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office, the NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative, and the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. SOARS also receives funding from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Biogeosciences Initiative and the NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory. SOARS is a partner project with Research Experience in Solid Earth Science for Student (RESESS).
Role of Saharan dust on phytoplankton dynamics in the northeastern Mediterranean

Effects of atmospheric deposition and other environmental factors on phytoplankton dynamics were evaluated from an open (having offshore characteristics) and a coastal station in the northeastern Mediterranean between December 2000 and December 2001. Data on phytoplankton, chlorophyll a, nutrients, temperature and salinity were obtained at bi-weekly or more intense intervals during 1 yr, whilst transport of Saharan dust towards the sampling region was monitored daily by SeaWiFS (sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor) images. Diatoms were the group of highest average biomass during the entire investigation period. Although coccolithophores (mainly Emiliania huxleyi) numerically dominated at the open station during the study period, their maximum abundance was as low as 50 x 10 3 cells l -1 . The intensity of dust transport was observed to be highest in spring. Less intense transports were observed in summer and autumn. Several intense episodic dry and wet dust deposition events during the spring season observed by SeaWiFS images caused little or no increase in phytoplankton abundance and biomass in the following days and weeks. Nevertheless, it appears that less intense dust transport events increased phytoplankton abundance and biomass in August, September and October 2001, when water column stratification was at its peak. However, these increases were much weaker than the major winter-early spring bloom (in February and March), which was caused by upwelling, mixing the water column. We suggest that the impact of atmospheric nutrient input on phytoplankton in the Mediterranean is rather low on a yearly basis.
A 1.3 mm SMA Survey of 29 Variable Young Stellar Objects

Young stellar objects (YSOs) may undergo periods of active accretion (outbursts), during which the protostellar accretion rate is temporarily enhanced by a few orders of magnitude. Whether or not these accretion outburst YSOs possess similar dust/gas reservoirs to each other, and whether or not their dust/gas reservoirs are similar as quiescent YSOs, are issues not yet clarified. The aim of this work is to characterize the millimeter thermal dust emission properties of a statistically significant sample of long and short duration accretion outburst YSOs (i.e., FUors and EXors) and the spectroscopically identified candidates of accretion outbursting YSOs (i.e., FUor-like objects). We have carried out extensive Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations mostly at $\sim$225 GHz (1.33 mm) and $\sim$272 GHz (1.10 mm), from 2008 to 2017. We covered accretion outburst YSOs located at $ $3-$\sigma$ significance. Detected sources except for the two cases of V883 Ori and NGC 2071 MM3 were observed with $\sim$1$"$ angular resolution. Overall our observed targets show a systematically higher millimeter luminosity distribution than those of the $M_{*}>$0.3 $M_{\odot}$ Class II YSOs in the nearby ($\lesssim$400 pc) low-mass star-forming molecular clouds (e.g., Taurus, Lupus, Upp Scorpio, and Chameleon I). In addition, at 1 mm our observed confirmed binaries or triple-system sources are systematically fainter than the rest of the sources even though their 1 mm fluxes are broadly distributed. We may have detected $\sim$30-60\% millimeter flux variability from V2494 Cyg and V2495 Cyg, from the observations separated by $\sim$1 year.
Discrimination using HOG-based Shape Descriptor

In this paper, we present an approach for Arabic and Latin script and its type identification based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptors. HOGs are first applied at word level based on writing orientation analysis. Then, they are extended to word image partitions to capture fine and discriminative details. Pyramid HOG are also used to study their effects on different observation levels of the image. Finally, co-occurrence matrices of HOG are performed to consider spatial information between pairs of pixels which is not taken into account in basic HOG. A genetic algorithm is applied to select the potential informative features combinations which maximizes the classification accuracy. The output is a relatively short descriptor that provides an effective input to a Bayes-based classifier. Experimental results on a set of words, extracted from standard databases, show that our identification system is robust and provides good word script and type identification: 99.07% of words are correctly classified.
Canine emotions as seen through human social cognition.

It is not possible to demonstrate that dogs (Canis familiaris) feel emotions, but the same is true for all other species, including our own. The issue must therefore be approached indirectly, using premises similar to those used with humans. Recent methodological advances in canine research reveal what dogs experience and what they derive from the emotions perceptible in others. Dogs attend to social cues, they respond appropriately to the valence of human and dog facial expressions and.
Hypocrisy or maturity? Culture and context differentiation

We introduce a new construct called Context Differentiation (CD), and describe how it functions on both the individual and cultural levels. We derive several measures of it from a multi‐context measure of cultural display rules for emotional expressions obtained from 33 countries, and examine country and cultural differences on it, and relate those differences to cultural value dimensions associated with context. Findings indicated that cultures were reliably associated with measures of CD. The framework and findings provide a platform for new research in the future examining how individuals differentiate their behaviours across contexts, and how cultures facilitate that differentiation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple electrical circuit for large signal modelling of DC microgrids

In previous researches, the large signal models of DC microgrids have been developed without using any time averaging technique. Thus, the results obtained from available DC microgrid large signal models have not been verified by results from their detailed models. This paper presents a suitable large signal model for DC microgrids which has the same response as control area and detailed models.
Evaluation of the Transient Overvoltage Stresses on 132 kV Power Transmission Network

Lightning over voltage has been a dilemma since the early days of electricity. Lightning mainly occurs on the Overhead Transmission Lines and overvoltage generated due to lightning travels along the line and ultimately reaches to the substation, where this overvoltage can damage the expensive equipment like Power Transformers, Circuit breakers, Isolators, Current Transformers etc. Power System networks in the urban areas mainly consist of Overhead Transmission Lines, High Voltage XLPE Power Cables and Gas Insulated Substations (GIS). The evaluation of the transient behavior of combined high voltage systems consisting of overhead lines, cables and GIS is an important task. In this research work, the complete model has been developed by using PSCAD/EMTDC computer application. The modeling of each component has been done by using the manufacturer’s datasheets/parameters. The transient over voltages have been observed at different points of the power system by injecting lightning current. Surge arrestors have been used to mitigate the over voltages in the system. The outcome of this research would be to improve the insulation coordination of the 132kV Power System in Pakistan.
Untargeted LC-QTOF (ESI +) MS Analysis of Small Serum Metabolites Related to Prostate Cancer and Prostate Specific Antigen

Prostate cancer has an increasing incidence and there is an urgent need for development of new serum biomarkers for early diagnostic as the ones known are ineffective. The aim of the study was to use untargeted metabolomics in order to identify and characterize small metabolite fingerprints in patients with normal vs pathologic values of PSA ( previously determined by electrochemiluminiscence). A cohort of one hundred patients with different Prostate Specific amtigen values were investigated by untargeted metabolomics. The serum small metabolite profile determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, LC-QTOF(ESI + )MS in order to identify specific biomarkers, for normal patient group (PSA = 0-4 ng.ml) and four pathologic groups, having PSA values from 4 to >1000 ng/ml. The major molecules identified in the samples were polar phospholipids, maily lysophosphatidyl choline derivatives, having m/z values from 496 to 524, like LPC(O-16:0/O-1:0), LPC(18:1/2:0) or PS(18:1(9Z)/0:0), LPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0 and their isomers andÂ LPC(O-18:1(11Z)/2:0), respectively. Also, small molecules (free fatty acids and prostaglandin derivatives) were identified and are significantly different in pathologic vs normal serum samples. Generally the pathologic samples had increased concentrations of all above mentioned molecules. The Principal Component analysis showed , by plot and loadings scores, significant clustering of normal vs pathological groups.
Towards dynamic research configurations: A framework for reflection on the contribution of research to policy and innovation processes

This paper seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the complex dynamics that shape the contribution of research to policy and innovation processes that address ‘competing claims’ on natural resources and their management. Research in the context of competing claims requires strategies that: (1) can cope with high uncertainty and unpredictability; (2) are concerned with understanding the multiple dimensions of the issue at stake; (3) can facilitate change across different scales and levels; (4) include collaboration with different actors and stakeholders; and (5) may imply new roles for research and researchers. This paper reviews and builds upon research approaches to address these challenges. These research approaches are combined in a framework for dynamic research configurations that aims to stimulate reflection among researchers and to promote more embedded, context-sensitive and flexible research strategies.
A Framework for Controlling electric car via Brain-Computer Interfaces

To enhance human interaction with machines, research interest is growing to develop a "Brain-Computer Interface" (BCI), which allows communication of a human with a machine only by use of brain signals. In this paper, one type of application was designed for controlling electric car by BCI. The application is based on a flexible software framework. The BCI system can make for the disabled to control the operation of electric cars through movement imaginary.
Enhanced Erasing Performance of Ω-Gate P-Channel Junctionless Fin-FET SOncOS Nonvolatile Memory

I. Abstract This work presents Ω-gate p-channel junctionless (JL) polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) nanowires (NWs) nonvolatile memory (NVM) device with silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) charge trapping layer. Experimental results indicate that the p-channel device has better erasing efficiency. For p-channel device, an extrapolation of the memory window to 10 years demonstrates that the stored charge still retains 95 % of its initial value at high temperature of 85 C. Such the Ω-gate p-channel JL-NVM is feasible for use in system-on-panel (SOP) and 3-D stacked flash memory applications. I
Collaboration trends in Sugarcane Research - A case study

In order to findout the collaboration trends in Sugarcane Research, a case study has been undertaken with the ehlp of publications from Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore during 1948 to 1987. Disciplinewise Collaboration Coefficient (CC) and Average Authorship per Paper (AAP), wre calculated. it was noticed that both CC and AAP increased steadily over a period of time. The relationship between these two factors indicates positive direction but with varied magnitudes among the disciplines
Cusped and Smooth Solitons for the Generalized Camassa-Holm Equation on the Nonzero Constant Pedestal

We investigate the traveling solitary wave solutions of the generalized Camassa-Holm equation on the nonzero constant pedestal . Our procedure shows that the generalized Camassa-Holm equation with nonzero constant boundary has cusped and smooth soliton solutions. Mathematical analysis and numerical simulations are provided for these traveling soliton solutions of the generalized Camassa-Holm equation. Some exact explicit solutions are obtained. We show some graphs to explain our these solutions.
Strategic Labor Supply A dynamic bargaining model and its econometric implementation

In this paper a dynamic bargaining model of intrafamily time allocation is presented with divorce as the threat point. Rational behavior leads to overinvestment in human capital and inefficient time allocation regarding housework and market work the latter of which is also supplied as an insurance against the risk of divorce. For married women in the German Socio-Economic Panel labor supply is estimated: A duration model on marital stability is performed to obtain predicted divorce probabilities. Then instrumental-variable estimation of female labor supply is performed with fitted wages and fitted threat points weighted by the individual probability of divorce. The empirical results support the bargaining argument of a strategic aspect to female labor supply.