Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contract Checking for Feldspar

One way to improve software reliability is to detect errors early and report them precisely during program development; the use of contracts is one approach to software verification. A desired property of an expression is specified with a contract. A contract language should create an informative error message to report the violation and the violator when a contract fails. In this book, a contract language is introduced and implemented for three libraries and also for some practical functions of the functional language Feldspar. Feldspar is a domain specific language (DSL) for Digital Signal Processing, embedded in Haskell, and generating C code.Contract checking can be done statically or dynamically. Static checking concentrates on complete checking of limited specifications at compile time. Dynamic checking focuses on incomplete checking of expressive specifications, and detects errors during run time. Contracts that are written in this thesis are checked with a dynamic contract checker. Furthermore, they are tested with QuickCheck, to ensure that contracts satisfy given properties. The result of these tests shows that the contracts hold their properties.
Higher Glycemic Thresholds for Symptoms During β-Adrenergic Blockade in IDDM

We tested the hypotheses that nonselective β-adrenergic blockade does not cause absolute hypoglycemia unawareness but shifts the glycemic thresholds for symptoms to lower plasma glucose concentrations and that neither neuroglycopenic symptoms nor cognitive impairments during hypoglycemia are altered by β-adrenergic blockade. To do so, we applied the euglycemic and stepped hypoglycemic clamp techniques to patients with moderately controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the absence (n = 8) and presence (n = 9) of the nonselective β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. Compared with the corresponding euglycemic clamps, total symptom scores first increased at the 4.4-mM plasma glucose step (a higher level than that of 2.8 mM in nondiabetic subjects studied previously) in the absence of propranolol. β-adrenergic blockade did not produce absolute hypoglycemia unawareness. Indeed, at the frankly hypoglycemic step of 2.8 mM, total symptom scores tended to be higher in the presence than in the absence of propranolol. This was largely the result of greater (P < 0.01) perception of diaphoresis. However, symptom scores did not increase until the 3.3-mM plasma glucose step during β-adrenergic blockade. The perception of hunger, and perhaps that of tremulousness, was reduced by propranolol at the higher glucose steps. Neuroglycopenic symptoms were not reduced by propranolol. The cognitive function of memory, but not that of attention, was impaired, also starting at the 4.4-mM glucose step. This was not impaired further by propranolol. Thus, we formed the following conclusions. 1) Nonselective β-adrenergic blockade does not cause absolute hypoglycemia unawareness but shifts the glycemic thresholds for symptoms to lower plasma glucose concentrations in patients with IDDM. 2) β-adrenergic blockade does not reduce neuroglycopenic symptoms, and it does not further impair cognitive function during hypoglycemia in IDDM patients.
Anonymous communications for JXTA peer-to-peer services: A multi-protocol approach

Normal 0 21 false false false CA X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 JXTA is an open peer-to-peer (P2P) protocols specification that, in its about 10 years of history, has slowly evolved to appeal to a broad set of applications. As part of this process, some long awaited security improvements have been included in the latest versions, providing basic message privacy and authentication. However, under some contexts, more advanced security requirements should be met, such as anonymity. Even though several approaches exist to deploy anonymity in P2P networks, no perfect solution exists that is able to cater to every possible scenario. In this work, we propose how to adapt JXTA messaging to allow services to be anonymously accessed in a manner that is completely invisible to the existing protocols, taking advantage of JXTA’s idiosyncrasies and capabilities,. To achieve this end, we propose a multi-protocol anonymous layer, so the most suitable one can be chosen depending on the scenario. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Taula normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Slowing Entropy: Instructional Policy Design in New York City, 2011-12

How do policymakers craft policies, particularly centered on the Common Core State Standards, to be more resilient and less likely to disintegrate during enactment? Researcher Jonathan Supovitz in Slowing Entropy: Instructional Policy Design in New York City, 2011-12 examines the design of a New York City Department of Education policy intended to engage teachers and principals across NYC with the instructional challenges of Common Core State Standards (CCSS). This summary provides an instructive backstory to some of the thought processes of the policy architects and provides insight into the way that careful policymaking can be more resilient to decay as it enters the rough-and-tumble reality of school communities. Disciplines Curriculum and Instruction | Educational Methods | Education Policy | Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation | Policy History, Theory, and Methods Comments PB #14-3 View on the CPRE website. This policy brief is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cpre_policybriefs/3 October 2014 PB #14-3 Slowing Entropy: Instructional Policy Design in New York City, 2011-12 How do policymakers craft policies, particularly centered on the Common Core State Standards, to be more resilient and less likely to disintegrate during enactment? Researcher Jonathan Supovitz in Slowing Entropy: Instructional Policy Design in New York City, 2011-12 examines the design of a New York City Department of Education policy intended to engage teachers and principals across NYC with the instructional challenges of Common Core State Standards (CCSS). This summary provides an instructive backstory to some of the thought processes of the policy architects and provides insight into the way that careful policymaking can be more resilient to decay as it enters the rough-and-tumble reality of school communities. A policy that focuses on implementation assumes that the policymakers know what should be implemented. Learning challenges, by contrast, have less specificity up front, and are intended to foster engagement with a problem, rather than the adoption of a pre-designed set of solutions.
Net Savvy: Building Information Literacy in the Classroom

Foreword - Sara Armstrong PART ONE: THE INTERNET, INFOWHELM AND INFOSAVVY The Internet in Your Face! Understanding InfoWhelm Understanding InfoSavvy and NetSavvy PART TWO: SETTING UP THE NETSAVVY CLASSROOM Introducing the Ten-Minute Lesson Planner Stage 1 Asking Teacher and Student Tools Stage 2 Accessing Teacher and Student Tools Stage 3 Analyzing Teacher and Student Tools Stage 4 Applying Teacher and Student Tools Stage 5 Assessing Teacher and Student Tools PART THREE: THE NETSAVVY SKILLS FRAMEWORK PART FOUR: OVERCOMING EDUCATIONAL OBSTACLES Obstacle 1 Assumptions about the Agenda Obstacle 2 Assumptions about Learning Obstacle 3 Assumptions about Information Obstacle 4 Assumptions about Technology in Education Obstacle 5 Assumptions about Assessment The Case for NetSavvy
Nakedness and other peoples: rethinking the Italian Renaissance nude

The development of the Italian Renaissance nude is fundamental to the Western art tradition, yet little attention has been paid to how Renaissance audiences understood images of naked people. This essay uses previously unconsidered documents to argue that there was a shift in the understanding of nakedness over the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries which was related to the voyages of discovery, particulary to sub-Saharan Africa. The essay considers contemporaries' perceptions of nakedness as related to human potential and the devolopment of a "Renaissance anthropology", looking first at images of Adam and Eve, and then considering the impact of fifteenth-century travellers' tales of naked natives on the perception of nakedness. The focus then shifts to two renowned images: Pisanello's drawing of a naked woman commonly called "Luxuria", and Antonio Pollaiuolo's engraving, "The Battle of Naked Men". These previously puzzling works can be understood as commenting on the "uncivilized" and "animalistic" qualities of the naked non-European natives who were ripe for Christianization.
Interpretation of Data and Analysis of Surgical Trials

Summary: A well-conducted analysis starts at the planning phase of a study because the analysis cannot provide what the data collection process did not. It cannot be stressed enough the importance of formulating the clinical questions to answer, because they determine the statistical hypotheses to be tested. We discuss important steps to follow in the analysis of orthopaedic surgical trials. Trialists should remain critical of their own data and attempt to identify any factors that could bias their analysis and results. The statistical and clinical significance of the results should be assessed by presentation of effect estimates, confidence intervals, and exact P values.
Introduction to Help Desk Concepts and Skills

Table of contents Introduction to Help Desk Concepts and Skills Chapter 1: Introduction to the Help Desk Chapter 2: Organization and People Chapter 3: Receiving the Incident Chapter 4: Processing and Resolving the Incident Chapter 5: Computer Telephony Integration Chapter 6: Web-Based Support Chapter 7: Performance Management Chapter 8: Knowledge Management Chapter 9: Asset and Security Management Chapter 10: Help Desk Survival Guide Help Desk Simulation Appendix: Introduction to HelpStar Glossary
The Histogenesis of Superficial Basal-Cell Epitheliomas

It is to be hoped that some readers will find the publication of this article superfluous as it is in all essentials a repetition of what was published in 1941 ("De lepitheelioma basocellulaire superficiel"). It was commented on in several dermatological publications, among others The Yearbook of Dermatology, 1946. But this work seems to have been by many overlooked. The book was published in October, 1941, just before the United States entered the War, and many clinics may possibly have never received it. Although the findings referred to in this work could be interpreted only in one way, they do not seem to have convinced any of the authors subsequently interested in the subject (the histogenesis and mode of growth of the epitheliomas). Richard L. Sutton Jr. (1942), however, is an exception in this respect. But no one has taken the trouble to investigate this curious form
Enhancement of attenuation poles at finite frequencies in six-pole microstrip quasi-elliptic filter

In this paper, a novel scheme in enhancing the selectivity of the quasi-elliptic microstrip bandpass filters is presented. A rectangle open-loop resonator is implemented as the cross coupling path in the filter topology. This cross coupling relocates the existing attenuation poles of the quasi-elliptic filter so as to provide higher selectivity. Compared to a traditional six-pole quasi-elliptic filter with a fractional bandwidth of 7.8% and center frequency of 1 GHz, this scheme offers additional 20 dB rejection improvement at the attenuation pole in the upper rejection band whilst 5 dB improvement in the lower rejection band.
Ambiguous symbols> why there were no figurines in Neolithic Britain

In this paper I discuss the scarcity of representational art, and particularly of representations of the human body, in Neolithic Britain, in contrast with the Neolithic of south-east Europe. My suggestion is that this contrast can be linked with differing notions of personal identity and bodily integrity. In later Neolithic Britain, a complex mode of non-representational decoration developed, which elaborated the practice of making reference to absent persons and things by using deliberately ambiguous motifs, which connected past and present as well as remote locations.
Antenna pointing algorithms for non-geostationary satellite based UMTS systems

LEO/MEO satellite systems are playing an increasing important role in future worldwide mobile telecommunications. One of the difficult technical issues encountered in LEO/MEOs is the high speed of these satellites relative to the mobile terminals. Thus, accurate and efficient methods of tracking the satellites are required. In this paper, we propose, analyse and evaluate the performance of efficient antenna pointing algorithms allowing the mobile terminals to track their own movements as well as those of the LEO/MEO satellites.
Identification and Quantification of Flavonoids in Korean Wild Grape (Meoru grape, Vitis coignetiae) and Its Pomace

Large quantities of Korean wild grape (Vitis coignetiae, KWG) pomace, a by-product of grape juice and wine manufacture, are generated annually, and disposal cost of KWG pomace is now increasing. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin content in whole KWG, KWG skin and KWG pomace and to identify and quantify flavonoids found in whole KWG and KWG pomace using LC/MS/MS. Spectral analysis showed high total polyphenol and flavonoid in KWG skin extracted with 75% ethanol (p 0.05) were found in whole KWG and KWG pomace, respectively. The results show that KWG pomace is a very rich source of flavonoids, thus KWG pomace can be used as a functional food additive. Plans to include KWG pomace in food production are necessary.
Comparison of Ice Massage versus Cold-Water Immersion on Muscle Damage and DOMS Levels of Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The present study is aimed at comparing the effects of ice massage versus cold-water immersion on creatinekinase (CK) levels and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) values of elite wrestlers. To achieve the objectives of the research twenty elite wrestlers participated in the study. Participants were separated into two groups (ice massage vs. cold water immersion) of whose weights were equal. Between the sets, experiment group was applied ice message for 8 minutes while control group was given cold-water immersion. Blood samples of the subjects were taken before and after the exercises. Groups’ differences were determined with “Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance”. Significant differences were observed within both groups at all times (<0.001). DOMS (24 h), DOMS (48 h). There was no difference after 72 hours, and before exercise values in DOMS values for ice massage group (p>0.05). Including competition and training for athletes, ice massage as a recovery strategy is expected to shorten the recovery time in athletes.
Land Tenure and Urban Poverty Alleviation: Theory, Evidence and New Directions

SUMMARY It is frequently asserted that secure formal land tenure is an efficacious tool for the alleviation of poverty, especially in urban informal settlements. The conventional view is that secure tenure works to reduce poverty by increasing the security of households against eviction and increasing their access to credit markets using their property as collateral. Available evidence however casts doubt on these assertions. Many have argued that the poor in most cases already have secure de facto tenure and that security of tenure is frequently not their main priority. Similarly, many studies have shown that the demand for formal credit by the poor for purposes other than consumption is low. Given this context, this paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on land tenure and urban poverty alleviation. The paper concludes by outlining new research which argues that increased market activity, arising out of decreased transaction costs brought about by appropriate land tenure systems, is the key to leveraging urban land for poverty alleviation.
Healing gardens : therapeutic benefits and design recommendations

Introduction: Historic and Cultural Overview (C. Marcus & M. Barnes). Effects of Gardens on Health Outcomes: Theory and Research (R. Ulrich). Design Philosophy (M. Barnes & C. Marcus). Acute Care General Hospitals: Typology of Outdoor Spaces (C. Marcus). Acute Care General Hospitals: Case Studies and Design Guidelines (C. Marcus & M. Barnes). Psychiatric Hospitals (N. Sachs). Healing Gardens for Children (R. Moore). Nursing Home Gardens (D. McBride). Alzheimer's Treatment Gardens (J. Zeisel & M. Tyson). Hospice Gardens (C. Marcus). Getting it Done (M. Barnes & C. Marcus). Conclusions and Prospects (T. Hartig, et al.). Index.
Production and characterization of proteases from edible mushrooms cultivated on amazonic tubers

Proteases are important commercial enzymes, and among their numerous sources are the Basidiomycetes. The use of proteases in many industrial areas promotes the search for enzymes with new properties. The aim of this study is to produce and characterize peptidases of a biocomposite from mycelial biomass grown in Amazonic tubers. Lentinus citrinus DPUA 1535 and Pleurotus ostreatoroseus DPUA 1720 were cultivated on Dioscorea trifida, Manihot esculenta and Dioscorea alata supplemented with rice bran or manioc flour residue in different proportions. The highest proteolytic activity was determined in the crude extract from P. ostreatoroseus grown in D. alata (DA) without supplementation (142.22 U/mL). The enzymes showed optimum activities at 40°C and pH 7.0; and stability at 50°C and pH 8.0. The proteases were classified as cysteine proteases based on the effect of inhibitors used. Key words: Pleurotus, Lentinus, Dioscorea, protease.
Ranking Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Genotypes Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis

The evaluation of selection criteria using correlation coefficients, multiple regression and path analysis was carried out for a period of two years on sixteen genotypes of rice (Oryza sativaL.). These genotypes were studied during 2008 and 2009 summer seasons at EDduim and Kosti locations in randomized complete block design with three replications per each location. The field experiment is directed to study character association; contribution of various yield influencing traits on rice for establishment of appropriate plant attributes to select and improve the grain yield, and accordingly select the most suitable genotype. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant eff ects of locations, seasons, genotypes and their interactions for most of the studied traits indicating that these genotypes are highly variable. Genotypes differed significantly in grain yield, (NERICA 4, NERICA 14, NERICA 15, YUNLU 33 and WAB -1-38-19-14-P2-HB) were higher yielding genotypes giving 3.78, 4.03, 3.24, 3.55 and 3.51 t/ha respectively. These genotypes presented a valuable source of diversity which can be used for breeding programs.
Pattern of suicide in Nigeria: The Niger Delta Experience

Background: Suicide is becoming a major public health problem. Objective: To determine the pattern of suicide cases with respect to age, sex, and methods employed. Design: A 10-year retrospective study of suicide cases reported to the Coroner in Rivers and Abia states of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Data on the age, sex, circumstances, and methods of all suicide cases handled by the authors were extracted and analyzed. Results: There were 32 cases (0.9%) of suicides out of a total of 3,555 medico-legal autopsies reviewed over the period. Of the 32 cases, 28 (87.5%) were males and 4 (12.5%) were females, giving a male to female ratio of 7:1. The age distribution showed a peak incidence in the third decade. The commonest method of committing suicide in this environment is by hanging. The range and mean of the ages is 16 - 64 yrs and 31 yrs, respectively. Conclusion: This review shows that the choice of how to die often depends on the most available and most convenient means at hand. Women chose less violent means of suicide such as drowning or poisoning, while males often chose violent methods such as hanging or firearms.
Abschätzung des Thromboserisikos bei internistischen Patienten

Zusammenfassung Bei einem thromboembolischen Ereignis handelt es sich möglicherweise um eine vermeidbare Komplikation, wenn das Risiko prospektiv erkennbar ist. Die richtige Einschätzung des individuellen Risikos ist deshalb von herausragender klinischer Bedeutung, bei internistischen Patienten wegen der Komplexität und Multimorbidität älterer Patienten jedoch schwierig. Bei nicht chirurgischen Patienten ist das individuelle Thromboserisiko definiert als Summe aus expositionellen und dispositionellen Risikofaktoren, die nach evidenzbasierter Studienlage gewichtet und in ein Risikoschema umgesetzt werden. In ein praxisnahes und alltagstaugliches Risikoschema können nicht alle klinischen Situationen aufgenommen werden, jedoch erlauben die Schemata in dieser Arbeit die flexible Anwendung und Anpassung an die individuelle Patientensituation in Klinik und ambulanter Versorgung. Damit soll ermöglicht werden, dass der Arzt eine begründete Ja/Nein-Entscheidung zur Thromboseprophylaxe treffen kann.
Via Social Media in ESL Classroom

The worldwide demand for good communication skills in English Language has created a great demand for quality language teaching and learning in the age of Information Communication Technology (ICT). The education system of a country plays a crucial role in shaping the future of the nation, specifically inculcating critical thinking skills, effective communication skills as well as competence in English language communication skills. 21 century has introduced the world to the social media evolution. The abundance of social media apps like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WeChat and others spark exciting learning experience by allowing students and teachers to interact in new ways. This study focused on students’ perceptions on the implementation of social media in ESL classroom to enhance communication skills. The findings reveal positive impacts of the medium implemented thus encourage active participation from teachers or language instructors to ensure that the existing technology will be fully utilized for the benefits of ESL learners.