Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SINGLE CASE AND GROUP STUDY DESIGN IN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY

In this essay, the advantages and disadvantages of single case and group study research design methodologies are discussed. The arguments supporting one or the other study design are introduced relying on most prominent scientific opinions in the field. The terms of single and double dissociation are introduced. Examples from relevant neuropsychological studies are provided in order to illustrate the use of case and group study methodologies for single and double dissociation. The two study designs are shown to deal with single and double dissociations in their own way and to contribute significantly to the advancement of neuropsychological sciences. It is concluded that the research design method selected should be tailored to deal with the specific problems raised by the nature of the question under research and fit in the realm of the chosen cognitive theory. VIENETINIO IR GRUPINIO ATVEJŲ NEUROPSICHOLOGINIŲ TYRIMO PLANŲ PRANASUMAI IR TRŪKUMAI Ramunė Margeviciūtė Santrauka Sis apžvalginis straipsnis skirtas vienetinio (single case study) ir grupinio (group study) atvejų neuropsichologinių tyrimo planų (design – schemų) pranasumams ir trūkumams analizuoti. Straipsnyje perteikiami žinomų autorių požiūriai į vienetinio ir grupinio atvejų tyrimų planus, jų pranasumus ir trūkumus, naudojant viengubo atsiejimo (single dissociation) ir dvigubo atsiejimo (double dissociation) schemas. Pateikiama vieną ar kitą tyrimo planą palaikancių klasikinių ir siuolaikinių tyrimų pavyzdžių, kaip vienetinio ir grupinio atvejų tyrimų planai gali būti kiekvienas savitai naudojami viengubo ir dvigubo atsiejimo schemose. Apžvalgoje iliustruojama, kaip abu tyrimo planai, jei naudojami tinkamame kontekste, gali savitai prisidėti prie neuropsichologijos mokslo žinių gausinimo. Apžvalga baigiama rekomendacija tyrėjui, kad, įsigilinus į neuropsichologinių tyrimų planų pranasumus ir trūkumus, reikėtų rinktis tokią tyrimo plano kombinaciją, kuri derėtų su tyrėjo pažiūras atitinkancia kognityvia teorija ir būtų tinkamiausia atsakyti į planuojamo tyrimo klausimą.
Modified strontium titanates: from defect chemistry to SOFC anodes

Modified strontium titanates have received much attention recently for their potential as anode material in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Their inherent redox stability and superior tolerance to sulphur poisoning and coking as compared to Ni based cermet anodes could improve durability of SOFC systems dramatically. Various substitution strategies can be deployed to optimise materials properties in these strontium titanates, such as electronic conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, chemical stability and sinterability, and thus mechanical strength. Substitution strategies not only cover choice and amount of substituent, but also perovskite defect chemistry, distinguishing between A-site deficiency (A1−xBO3) and cation-stoichiometry (ABO3+δ). Literature suggests distinct differences in the materials properties between the latter two compositional approaches. After discussing the defect chemistry of modified strontium titanates, this paper reviews three different A-site deficient donor (La, Y, Nb) substituted strontium titanates for their electrical behaviour and fuel cell performance. Promising performances in both electrolyte as well as anode supported cell designs have been obtained, when using hydrogen as fuel. Performances are retained after numerous redox cycles. Long term stability in sulphur and carbon containing fuels still needs to be explored in greater detail.
Thai conceptualizations of forgiveness within a work context : comparison with Western models

Forgiveness research has focused almost exclusively on individualistic Western culture despite acknowledgement of the importance of cultural factors. Conflict at work is common yet studies of forgiveness in work contexts are rare, as are qualitative studies. Addressing these short-comings, this study examines the forgiveness process as experienced by Thai nurses in a hospital within a collectivist culture heavily influenced by Buddhism. Thirty nurses were interviewed about a situation at work where the need for forgiveness arose. Qualitative methods were used to identify participants' cognitions, emotions, and behaviors in relation to the offensive event. Definitions of forgiveness were also elicited. Four continuous stages of the forgiveness process emerged: an experiencing stage, re-attribution stage, forgiveness stage, and behavioral stage. There were similarities with Western individualistic models but also some important differences related to Buddhism and Thai culture. Five dimensions of forgiveness emerged from the Thai definitions: overcoming negative approaches towards the offender, abandonment of negative judgment, fostering of positive approaches and loving-kindness towards the offender, awareness of the benefits of forgiveness, and forgiveness as incorporated within Buddhist beliefs. The results highlight the need to consider cultural influences when examining concepts like forgiveness.
Effectiveness of information sources regarding livestock production in Punjab, Pakistan

Livestock is the net cash income of millions of people in Pakistan and they are consistently working to improve production to meet their needs but may factors hinder their efforts. Lack of technical knowledge and information is one of them. Therefore, the present study was conducted in tehsil Bahawalpur during 2012 to assess the effectiveness of informations sources on the adopt ion of improved livestock production practices. Multistage random sampling technique was used for the selection of study respondents. Data were collected through interview schedule from the 120 respondents from the research area and were analyzed with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Pearson product moment correlation and chi -squares test was also used for in-depth analysis. Results indicated that family farmers and neighbor farmers were proved as the most effective information sources while extension field services and animal festivals got the lowest rank. Regarding constraints lack of technical skills was ranked 1 st
The role of entrepreneurship education and regional context in forming entrepreneurial intentions

This study examines how the extent of entrepreneurship education within university departments influences students’ entrepreneurial intentions in three careers: computer science, electrical engineering, and business. Specifically, it proposes that the effect of such education is (1) contingent on its mode (active, e.g. business plan seminars, vs. reflective, e.g. theory lectures), (2) contingent on the regional context and (3) complemented by individual-level influences such as role models or work experience. Results show that active modes of entrepreneurship education directly increase intentions and attitudes, whereas the impact of reflective modes depends on the regional context. Parental role models and work experience are found to complement entrepreneurship education in different ways. The findings have important implications for theory building as well as for the practice of teaching entrepreneurship.
The Mediating Effect of Trust in Leader on the Relationship between Empowering Leadership and Employee Creativity

This study interrogates primarily the relationship between empowering leadership and employee creativity. Furthermore, it aims to reveal if there is a mediating role of trust in leader on this relationship. The theoretical background of the research extends over the social exchange theory, behavioral self-management theory, social cognitive theory and job demands-resources model. Based upon the relevant literature, it has been intended to explain the interactions between the structures of empowering leadership, trust in leader and employee creativity. In order to accomplish this, a quantitative research was conducted among 172 engineers working in manufacturing companies located in Ankara and Istanbul. According to the results obtained from the research, it was figured out that empowering leadership has a significant and positive relationship with both employee creativity and trust in leader. It was also noted that trust in leader played a partial mediation role on the relationship between empowering leadership and employee creativity. As a result, with this research, it has been intended to provide valuable contributions to the related literature.
UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (UroVysion FISH) assay for detection of bladder cancer in voided urine of Turkish patients: a preliminary study

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the fifth most common cancer worldwide. UroVysion FISH has high sensitivity and specificity for urothelial carcinoma detection. We investigated the genetic marker detected by the UroVysion FISH technique in diagnosis of Turkish bladder cancer patients and compared these results with the urine cytology and cystoscopy. Urine specimens were analyzed using UroVysion FISH probes for abnormalities in centromeric chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and locus-specific 9p21. Morning fresh voided urine samples were collected from each patient for FISH analysis. Cytology and histopathology analysis were performed by the pathology department. Twenty-seven bladder cancer patients (23 male and 4 female) with a history of bladder cancer who provided informed consent were included in this prospective study. The results showed that cancer was detected in 8 patients via FISH; 7 via cytology; 12 via cystoscopy. According to the pathology results, 15 were normal, 10 high-grade carcinoma and 2 low-grade carcinoma. Sensitivity of these methods with FISH, cytology, and cystoscopy was 29.6%, 25.9%, and 44.4%, respectively. In conclusion, all tests have different advantages and disadvantages. Also, larger studies will be needed to confirm these results. But, UroVysion FISH appeared to have good specificity for detecting bladder cancer in urine specimens and also it is important to correlate the FISH results with the cystoscopy and cytological findings.
The myriad consequences of hunting for vertebrates and plants in tropical forests

Humans hunt forest vertebrates throughout the tropics. Many preferred game species consume flowers, fruit, seeds and/or leaves, and these interactions will cause their harvest to ramify through forests. Three related issues will determine how severely the harvest of forest vertebrates influences the plant community. First, the types of species selected by hunters and the intensity of the harvest will determine which vertebrates are removed and which remain. Second, the possible presence of ecologically similar, non-game species able to expand their activities to fulfill the ecological role of heavily exploited species will determine how severely the harvest disrupts ecological relationships between the community of forest vertebrates and the community of forest plants. Finally, hunters will alter plant species composition if the harvest of vertebrates differentially affects mutualists or pests of particular plant species. Hunters will also alter plant diversity if the harvest of vertebrates disrupts ecological mechanisms that permit plant species to coexist. I examine hunter selectivity, the intensity of the hunt, possible compensation by non-game species, and the types and strengths of interactions among game species and plants for tropical forests to determine when and where these outcomes occur.
Nutritional status in short-term overtraining boxers

Abstract The diet is essential to the recovery process in athletes, especially those undergoing intensive training. The continuous imbalance between loading and recovery leads to development of overtraining syndrome. The purpose of this study was to establish the changes in the nutritional status of short-term overtrained athletes. Twelve boxers from the team of National Spoils Academy Sofia, Bulgaria during their preparation for the National Championship 2016 were studied. The measurements were conducted three times.in the beginning of preparation (T1), 22 days later (2) and 10 days after (32 days after first measurement), in the beginning of the recovery period, one week prior the competition (T3). The measurements included basic anthropometric data, overtraining questionnaire RESTO-Sport and nutrition questionnaire, plasma concentration of testosterone and cortisol.On the data of dietary survey the percent proportion and the amount of daily consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates were defined and the energy intake of the tested athletes was calculated. According to the RESTO-Sport a significant decrease in the ratio stress/recovery was observed in the period with the heaviest training load T2, and an increase was estimated in the precompetition recovery period T3. It was found a typical for the overtraining syndrome decrease in the concentration of testosterone and the ratio of testosterone/cortisol in T3. In some respondents a reduction in carbohydrates and proteins intake was observed in T2 and especially in T3, which correlates with the hormonal changes. In this work the diet changes was discussed as a possible consequence and/or a cause of the overtraining syndrome.
Am I Motivated? A Look at the Motivation Styles, Symptoms and Working Conditions that Best Motivate Human Resource Practitioners in Jamaica

Human Resource Practitioners, like any other employees within organizations having different motivation styles, are faced with various motivational problems, and are exposed to different working conditions that best motivate them. The environment and factors greatly influence the motivational levels of these practitioners and thus job satisfaction and engagement are affected. This paper outlines the motivation problems experienced by three persons in their work environment and gives suggestions as to the strategies necessary to deal with them. The Pritchard Motivation Symptoms Questionnaire, the Conner Motivation Style Assessment and the Spitzer Motivation Self Assessment Questionnaire were used in the study. Results show that goal orientated and learning oriented motivation styles are best practiced by participants neglecting the relationship motivation style. These Participants were either highly motivated or had experienced some motivation problems. They had major desires for power, achievement, ownership, and competence. Inter-item correlation revealed a statistically significant relationship between desires for activity, competence, power and achievement, which were highly correlated.
A5 and A6 Noradrenergic Cell Groups: Implications for Cardiorespiratory Control

Central pontine A5 and A6 noradrenergic cell groups are two of the main sources of nor- adrenaline release at the spinal cord, at the level of the superficial dorsal horn, the motoneu ron pools of the ventral horn, lamina X and the thoracic and sacral intermediolateral cell columns. Noradrenergic ascending or descending pathways originating in the A5 or A6 noradrenergic cell groups are highly sensitive to stress and to other high-arousal states. These noradrenergic groups present extensive projections that play a key role in the modulation of all antinociceptive and autonomic responses elicited by painful or threatening situations. Depending on the locations of these projections, different possible roles for each noradrener gic cell groups are suggested. The A6 noradrenergic cell group might have the greatest effect on somatosensory transmission and the A5 group on sympathetic function. Consistent with this, stimulation of central noradrenergic pathways evokes an array of stresslike and anti- nociceptive effects, including changes in blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. In addition, it also produces an increase in excitability, which leads to a high degree of arousal and a potentiation of cortical and subcortical mechanism generating the necessary cognitive, behavioral and autonomic responses to confront these physical or psychological situations.
Mid-term Results of Rotating Hinged Knee Prosthesis Rotasyonel Menteşeli Diz Protezi Orta Dönem Sunuçları

1 Abdul Fettah Buyuk1, Deniz Kargin2, Ismet Yalkin Camurcu3, Hanifi Ucpunar4, Bekir Eray Kilinc5, Mehmet Akif Kaygusuz6 1Orthopedics Department, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 2Orthopedics Department, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 3Orthopedics Department, Devrek State Hospital, Zonguldak 4Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 5Orthopedics Department, Igdir State Hospital, Igdır, 6Orthopedics Department, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Rotating Hinged Knee Prosthesis Mid-term Results of Rotating Hinged Knee Prosthesis
Multiple return separation for a full-field ranger via continuous waveform modelling

We present two novel Poisson noise Maximum Likelihood based methods for identifying the individual returns within mixed pixels for Amplitude Modulated Continuous Wave rangers. These methods use the convolutional relationship between signal returns and the recorded data to determine the number, range and intensity of returns within a pixel. One method relies on a continuous piecewise truncated-triangle model for the beat waveform and the other on linear interpolation between translated versions of a sampled waveform. In the single return case both methods provide an improvement in ranging precision over standard Fourier transform based methods and a decrease in overall error in almost every case. We find that it is possible to discriminate between two light sources within a pixel, but local minima and scattered light have a significant impact on ranging precision. Discrimination of two returns requires the ability to take samples at less than 90 phase shifts.
Closed-loop re-identification of an industrial debutanizer column

Abstract In this work it is described the industrial implementation of an approach to the re-identification of multivariable processes being controlled by a class of MPC controllers in which the control work is performed in two distinct layers. In the upper layer a steady-state optimization problem is solved and produces a set of optimum targets for the process inputs and/or outputs. These targets are passed to the dynamic layer of the controller that determines the best input trajectory that will drive the process system to these targets while preserving the process constraints. The two layer structure is found in several commercial MPC packages and so, when the practical application is concerned, the approach described here may be useful. In the case considered here, it is assumed that the continuous operation of the process systems cannot be interrupted and the normal process specifications should be maintained inside well defined bounds. These conditions point to the need of a closed-loop procedure. The industrial process selected to illustrate the method considered here is the debutanizer distillation column of a large oil refinery in Brazil. The practical results indicate that the approach can be effective and show a good potential to become the standard procedure to the closed-loop upgrade of process models that have been affected by equipment deterioration or large process excursions into new operating conditions.
A 250-year periodicity in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds over the last 2600 years

Abstract. Southern Hemisphere westerly airflow has a significant influence on the ocean–atmosphere system of the mid- to high latitudes with potentially global climate implications. Unfortunately, historic observations only extend back to the late 19th century, limiting our understanding of multi-decadal to centennial change. Here we present a highly resolved (30-year) record of past westerly wind strength from a Falkland Islands peat sequence spanning the last 2600 years. Situated within the core latitude of Southern Hemisphere westerly airflow (the so-called furious fifties), we identify highly variable changes in exotic pollen and charcoal derived from South America which can be used to inform on past westerly air strength. We find a period of high charcoal content between 2000 and 1000 cal. years BP, associated with increased burning in Patagonia, most probably as a result of higher temperatures and stronger westerly airflow. Spectral analysis of the charcoal record identifies a pervasive ca. 250-year periodicity that is coherent with radiocarbon production rates, suggesting that solar variability has a modulating influence on Southern Hemisphere westerly airflow. Our results have important implications for understanding global climate change through the late Holocene.
Technology in Feeding Management to Increase Ruminant Productivity

Traditional feeding management in ruminants is defined by allowing the animal to find their own feed, consisted of raw materials of grasses and leguminous foliages as much as possible ( ad libitum ) to get a high productivity; however, it needs longer period of time to reach maximum level of production. An advanced feeding management of ruminant is defined as: (1) Processing feed ingredients to improve the nutritive value; (2) Supplementing the animal with substances into the dietary formula to manipulate the rumen ecosystem either by reducing the protozoa population, increasing the concentration of certain nutrients, changing the rumen characteristics; and (3) Changing the site of digestion of the nutrients to increase the absorption and feed utilization. Many research works have been carried out to evaluate the effects of process technology on the efficiency of feed utilization. Improving feeding management will increase livestock production.
TIMING OBSERVATIONS OF PSR J1023+0038 DURING A LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY STATE

Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) switch, on roughly multi-year timescales, between rotation-powered radio millisecond pulsar (RMSP) and accretion-powered low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) states. The tMSPs have raised several questions related to the nature of accretion flow in their LMXB state and the mechanism that causes the state switch. The discovery of coherent X-ray pulsations from PSR J1023+0038 (while in the LMXB state) provides us with the first opportunity to perform timing observations and to compare the neutron star’s spin variation during this state to the measured spin-down in the RMSP state. Whereas the X-ray pulsations in the LMXB state likely indicate that some material is accreting onto the neutron star’s magnetic polar caps, radio continuum observations indicate the presence of an outflow. The fraction of the inflowing material being ejected is not clear, but it may be much larger than that reaching the neutron star’s surface. Timing observations can measure the total torque on the neutron star. We have phase-connected nine XMM-Newton observations of PSR J1023+0038 over the last 2.5 years of the LMXB state to establish a precise measurement of spin evolution. We find that the average spin-down rate as an LMXB is 26.8 ± 0.4% faster than the rate (−2.39 × 10−15 Hz s−1) determined during the RMSP state. This shows that negative angular momentum contributions (dipolar magnetic braking, and outflow) exceed positive ones (accreted material), and suggests that the pulsar wind continues to operate at a largely unmodified level. We discuss implications of this tight observational constraint in the context of possible accretion models.