Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of cutaneous Bowen's disease with particular emphasis on the problem of lower leg lesions

Bowen's disease has a particular predilection for the lower leg, especially in women. A review of the literature for treating Bowen's disease is presented and the problems associated with treating the lower leg emphasized. Evidence for the various treatment modalities used to treat Bowen's disease largely comes from studies that lack good methodology in terms of standardized techniques, patient controls and adequate follow‐up. In particular the widely accepted recommendation for excision is not supported by evidence that this treatment is superior to other modalities. The choice of treatment for Bowen's disease should take into account the patient's general condition, the site and size of the lesion.
Different Evolution of Genotypic Resistance Profiles to Emtricitabine Versus Lamivudine in Tenofovir-Containing Regimens

Background: To investigate genotypic resistance profiles to emtricitabine + tenofovir (FTC + TDF) in-vivo and in-vitro, and compare them with lamivudine + tenofovir (3TC + TDF). Methods: Three hundred fifty-two HIV-1 B-subtype pol sequences from 42 FTC + TDF-treated patients, 40 3TC + TDF-treated patients, and 270 patients treated with 3TC plus another nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (but not TDF). All patients never received FTC, 3TC, and TDF in their previous therapeutic regimen. 3TC/FTC ± TDF resistance was investigated using in vitro selection experiments and docking simulations. Results: The M184V mutation is less prevalent in FTC + TDF-treated patients than in 3TC + TDF-treated, and 3TC-treated/TDF-naive patients (14.3% versus 40.0%, P = 0.01 and 55.6%, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis shows that factors correlated with a lower probability of M184V emergence at failure were the use of FTC compared with 3TC [odds ratio (OR): 0.32 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10 to 0.99), P = 0.04], the use of boosted protease inhibitor, and the use of TDF [OR: 0.20 (95% CI: 0.11 to 0.37), P < 0.001, and OR: 0.47 (95%CI: 0.22 to 1.01), P = 0.05, respectively]. In vitro selection experiments and docking analysis show that other reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations, even localized in RT connection domain, can be selected by 3TC + TDF or FTC + TDF in M184V absence and can affect RT affinity for 3TC/FTC and/or TDF. Conclusions: Our study shows lower rates of M184V development in FTC + TDF regimens versus 3TC + TDF and suggests a potential role of boosted protease inhibitors and TDF in delaying the M184V emergence. Novel RT mutational patterns, more complex than currently known, can contribute to 3TC, FTC, and TDF resistance.
Implications of New Radiocarbon Ages on Coiled Basketry from the Northern Great Basin

Abstract Coiled basketry dates to more than 8,000 years ago in the Eastern Great Basin and is found in the Western Basin by 4,500 years ago. In the Northern Great Basin, archaeological basketry is dominated by twineware; fewer than 20 fragments of coiled basketry have been reported. Coiling has long been thought to have appeared very late in the Northern Basin, and the perceived late presence of coiling in the north has been considered by some to be an indicator of a late Numic incursion from the south. Recent direct radiocarbon dating of fiber samples from the coiled specimens from the Northern Great Basin undermines the previous assumptions of a uniformly late age. Though rare, coiling has a consistent presence in the region for more than 2,500 years. Further, its distribution suggests that this technological influence may have derived primarily from eastern, rather than southern, sources.
Maintaining materialized views in distributed databases

The problem of updating materialized views in distributed database systems is discussed. An architecture and detailed procedures to update a collection of remote views with arbitrary refresh times by using a single differential file are prescribed. The efficiency of the update procedure is enhanced by adopting a multiple-query optimization approach and by introducing a powerful prescreening procedure to eliminate differential tuples. It is shown that even for a single remote view there are many instances where the presented update procedure performs better (with respect to total I/O and communication costs) than existing methods. <<ETX>>
Hormonal Replacement and Physical Exercise in Heart Failure Treatment : A Systematic Review

Mailing address: Avenida Jornalista Rubens de Arruda Ramos, 2.354, apto 201 – Centro – 88015-702 – Florianópolis, SC. E-mail: tales@cardiol.br ABSTRACT Background: Despite the full use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy, morbidity and mortality incidence as a result from heart failure (HF) are still significantly persistent. In the therapeutic context, the inhibition of inadequate neuro-hormonal and metabolic adaptations, as well the information on the anabolic deficiency that develops in HF becomes relevant. However, just recently some studies about the benefits of the testosterone replacement or supplementation therapy (TRT) have emerged. Objective: to review studies that address the TRT in heart failure (HF), particularly those developed in the ideal setting for clinical treatment, including physical exercise program. Methods: the Scielo and Pubmed databases, Cochrane of Systematic Review and Clinical Control Trials from Cochrane Collaboration databases were analyzed. Results: The few studies about TRT in patients with HF showed improvement in hemodynamic function, insulin resistance, functional capacity and neuro-hormonal and neuromuscular responses, highlighted the controversy regarding the influence on the inflammatory profile, and found no changes in function and structure in the central cardiovascular system. However, studies about TRT associated with exercise programs have not been found. Conclusion: the present state of knowledge, although based on a few studies, allows considering TRT in the treatment of patients with HF. The ideal choice of TRT, regarding for example, treatment duration and inclusion and exclusion criteria is not well-defined yet. There is a wide gap in the literature, calling attention to the lack of studies about TRT concomitant with full medical treatment which includes a physical exercise program.
DNA-Sequence Based Typing of the Cronobacter Genus Using MLST, CRISPR-cas Array and Capsular Profiling

The Cronobacter genus is composed of seven species, within which a number of pathovars have been described. The most notable infections by Cronobacter spp. are of infants through the consumption of contaminated infant formula. The description of the genus has greatly improved in recent years through DNA sequencing techniques, and this has led to a robust means of identification. However some species are highly clonal and this limits the ability to discriminate between unrelated strains by some methods of genotyping. This article updates the application of three genotyping methods across the Cronobacter genus. The three genotyping methods were multilocus sequence typing (MLST), capsular profiling of the K-antigen and colanic acid (CA) biosynthesis regions, and CRISPR-cas array profiling. A total of 1654 MLST profiled and 286 whole genome sequenced strains, available by open access at the PubMLST Cronobacter database, were used this analysis. The predominance of C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus in clinical infections was confirmed. The majority of clinical strains being in the C. sakazakii clonal complexes (CC) 1 and 4, sequence types (ST) 8 and 12 and C. malonaticus ST7. The capsular profile K2:CA2, previously proposed as being strongly associated with C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus isolates from severe neonatal infections, was also found in C. turicensis, C. dublinensis and C. universalis. The majority of CRISPR-cas types across the genus was the I-E (Ecoli) type. Some strains of C. dublinensis and C. muytjensii encoded the I-F (Ypseudo) type, and others lacked the cas gene loci. The significance of the expanding profiling will be of benefit to researchers as well as governmental and industrial risk assessors.
The Chinese in the Philippines, 1570-1770. Volume I.

been made of the great cults of northern Australia. The extensive similarities in cosmology, myth, and ritual that may be seen in the two religious systems strongly suggest longterm contacts between the people of Arnhem Land and those of the Papuan coast. Certainly the understanding of either of these culture sets will be strengthend by a deeper analysis of the other. For this and other reasons I strongly urge all students of Oceanic anthropology to read Dema. It is a work of serious and substantial scholarship that also exercises the fascination of a superior thriller. What more could a reader want? Dr. van Baal deserves our thanks for his endeavors.
Intelligence in Autism

The very premise of the article that there exists ‘a conventional hypothesis’ that (probably) ‘superior crystallized intelligence is characteristic of high functioning autism (HFA)’ is erroneous. There is in fact some consensus that individuals with autism have superior fluid intelligence not crystallized intelligence. [1] The other erroneous assertion is that: ‘Verbal quotient was usually reported to be higher than the performance quotient’; it is the reverse that is often evident in practice. Verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) is based on several of language tests including comprehension which autistics are consistently poor in. This has been demonstrated by several researchers, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale.
Myoendothelial junctional complexes in postobstructive pulmonary vasculopathy: a quantitative electron microscopic study.

Postobstructive pulmonary vasculopathy (POPV), produced by chronic unilateral ligation of one pulmonary artery, is characterized by (1) marked proliferation of bronchial collateral vessels, (2) increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and (3) hyperreactivity of arteries to serotonin and of veins to histamine. Electron microscopic examination of the vessels in POPV suggested an increase in myoendothelial junctional complexes (MEJC). To quantitate this change, the number of MEJC in the vessel walls of the left lung was compared with that of the right lung in 16 dogs after ligation of the left main pulmonary artery for 8.4 +/- 1.6 (SE) months. The lungs were fixed by airway instillation of 3% glutaraldehyde. Electron micrographs were taken of pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins and of bronchial vessels, and their external diameter and length of endothelial basal lamina were measured. The MEJC were counted and expressed as number per length of basal lamina and typed: Type I consisted of endothelial processes, type II of smooth muscle or pericyte processes, and type III of processes from each cell type. The results demonstrated that the vasculature from the control lung had the smallest number of MEJC and the majority were type I. With ligation, there was a significant increase (p < .01) in the number of MEJC for each type of vessel examined, but no significant change in the distribution of the type. In addition, no correlation was found between the number of MEJC and vascular diameter. It can be concluded that MEJC are increased in each region of the lung's vasculature in POPV and that they may play a role in the proliferative response of the bronchial vasculature, the remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, and the pulmonary vascular hyperreactivity of this model.
Negative and atypical story content themes depicted by children with behaviour problems.

BACKGROUND Specific thematic content arising from children’s doll play is often considered to give clinically meaningful information regarding their mental state, but has received little systematic enquiry. This exploratory study examined the negative and atypical content themes in the attachment story narratives of children with behaviour problems, and their associations with child symptomatology and parental depressed mood. METHOD Videotaped mother-child attachment doll play completions of 77 children from a clinical sample were blind coded for negative content themes. Mothers completed questionnaires for maternal depression and child behaviour. RESULTS Children rating positive for behaviour disorder were more likely to represent maternal injury, role reversal and marked maternal sadness. Severe behavioural symptoms were associated with more pervasive negative themes. Half of the overall sample depicted child accidents and maternal unresponsiveness, whereas child aggression, child anger and maternal absence were rare. Girls with depressed mothers showed an absence of particular negative representations (e.g., child sadness) compared to boys. CONCLUSIONS Specific atypical themes are associated with the extent of child psychopathology and may be modified by exposure to maternal depressed mood. The methodological limitations in this exploratory study are also discussed.
NT-proBNP, fluid volume overload and dialysis modality are independent predictors of mortality in ESRD patients.

BACKGROUND N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a marker of both fluid volume overload and myocardial damage, and it has been useful as a predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It has been suggested that continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and haemodialysis (HD) may have different effects on fluid volume and blood pressure control; however, whether the independent predictive value of NT-proBNP for mortality is preserved when analysed in conjunction with fluid overload and dialysis modality is not clear. METHODS A prospective multicentre cohort of 753 prevalent adult patients on CAPD, APD and HD was followed up for 16 months. Plasmatic levels of NT-proBNP, extracellular fluid volume/total body water ratio (ECFv/TBW) and traditional clinical and biochemical markers for cardiovascular damage risk were measured, and their role as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was analysed. RESULTS NT-proBNP level, ECFv/TBW and other cardiovascular damage risk factors were not evenly distributed among the different dialysis modalities. NT-proBNP levels and ECFv/TBW were correlated with several inflammation, malnutrition and myocardial damage markers. Multivariate analysis showed that NT-proBNP levels and ECFv/TBW were predictors of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, independently of dialysis modality and the presence of other known clinical and biochemical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP is a reliable predictor of death risk independently of the effect of dialysis modality on fluid volume control, and the presence of other clinical and biochemical markers recognized as risk factors for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. NT-pro-BNP is a good predictor of mortality independently of fluid volume overload and dialysis modality.
Ribonuclease A Digestion by Proteinase K

Abstract The digestion of ribonuclease A by proteinase K yielded one major degradation product only, which could not be distinguished from ribonuclease S by electrophoretical and immunological methods. This component (ribonuclease K) possessing full catalytic activity was characterized to be (1-20/211-124) ribonuclease A . Combined action of proteinase K and trypsin on ribonuclease A leads to a significant increase of the inactivation rate which may be useful in the isolation of mRNA from polysomes.
Multiple Imputations Using Sequential Semi and Nonparametric Regressions

Multiple imputation is a general purpose method for analyzing data with missing values. Under this approach the missing set of values is replaced by several plausible sets of missing values to yield completed data sets. Each completed data set is then analyzed separately and the results (estimates, standard errors, test statistics etc) are combined to form a single inference. It is fairly well established that the imputations should be draws from a predictive distribution of the missing values and should condition on as many covariates as possible. A sequential regression imputation method uses a Gibbs sampling style iterative process of drawing values from a predictive distribution corresponding to a sequence of conditional regression models to impute the missing values in any given variable with all other variables as predictors. The conditional regression models are usually parametric. In practice, however, many variables have distribution that very difficult to classify or transform to satisfy standard parametric distribution assumptions. We develop and evaluate a modification of this method. We construct propensity score for missing the given variable and the predicted value of that variable. We stratify the sample based on these two scores and then within each stratum, we use approximate Bayesian Bootstrap or Tukey's gh distribution to impute the missing values conditional on the observed values. We illustrate proposed method using actual and simulated data sets.
George Finlay and early-Victorian images of modern Greece, 1836–1845

: In the first decades of Greek independence George Finlay laid the foundations of his remarkable domi-nance of the British public debate on modern Greece in the nineteenth century. Finlay endeavoured to account for the “backwardness” of the Greek kingdom by vindicating the Greek peasant and charging foreign rule and, after the constitutional revolution of 1843, the selfish political elite with the failures of the state. in the late 19 th – 20 th century (by the examples of the North Caucasus)”, Project 14–11–23006 Abstract : This article discusses the integration issues in the early XX century in the ethnic environment of the North Caucasus such as elite integration of steppe and mountain peoples in a nationwide structure of the upper classes, consideration of regional, ethnic, religious and cultural differences. In this regard, Russia’s policy in relation to the small nations can hardly be called a colonial one, Russian state has never promulgated the laws aimed at sup-pressing their rights and national dignity.
Study of Ageing and Production of Wine from Grape fruit by Fermentation process

Fermentation biotechnology is an important industrial process for the production of alcoholic beverages including wine. However, ageing of wine is always an important issue during production. In present study a attempt has made to produce wine by fermentation process along with the assesment of ageing of wine. In this experiment Grape fruit (jufeng) was used as a raw material and fermentation process was carried out with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at 28 . During experiment growth of yeast cell, total solid contents and degree of liquor alcohol was considered critically. The various alcoholic compounds was analyzed with selective method of gas chromatography. Results obtained in the present study indicates that volume of all compounds like ethyl acetate, propyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl acetate,isoamyl alcohol and ethyl formate was increased with the function of time during fermentation. While during ageing process the contents of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and ethyl lactate was increased but isoamyl alcohol decreased. The levels of propyl alcohol and isobutyl alcohol fell after short period of time. However, no significance effects of ageing process on methyl acetate , ethyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol and ethyl lactate(p>0.05) was observed. Where as significance effects of ageing on the propyl alcohol and isoamyl acetate (p<0.05) was observed.
Effects of maternal depression on cognitive development of children over the first 7 years of life.

The effects of postnatal depression on cognitive test scores at 20 months and 4; 8 years of age as well as the timing (onset in the early postnatal period versus later), severity, number of episodes, duration of longest phase, recency, and chronicity of material depression on children's cognitive scores at 6; 3 years was investigated. In South Bavaria, Germany, 1,329 mothers of singletons were screened when the children were 6; 3 years of age for the presence of depressive symptoms since the birth of their infant. A standard interview (SADS-L) was used to ascertain DSM-IV diagnosis and details of depressive episodes. Ninety-two mothers were diagnosed as having suffered DSM-IV defined depression (7%). Seven hundred and twenty-one mothers had no depressive episodes or symptoms from their children's birth until 6; 3 years and were used as control group. The children had been assessed with the Griffiths Scales of Babies' Abilities (20 months), the Columbia Mental Maturity Scales (CMM) at 4; 8 years, and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) at 6; 3 years. No significant main effects of severity, timing of onset, duration, or chronicity of depression of the child's cognitive development were found. Significant interactions of gender with chronicity of maternal depression (i.e. early-onset major and repeated episodes) were detected. Low SES boys or boys born at neonatal risk of mothers with chronic depression had lower Achievement Scores in the K-ABC at 6; 3 years than children of mothers with less severe depression or controls. It is concluded that maternal depression per se has negligible effects on children's cognitive development. Long-term effects may be found when maternal depression is chronic, the child is a boy and neonatal risk-born, or the family suffers other social risks.
Reactions to Total Dose Infusion of Iron Dextran in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Ten patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were given a total dose infusion of iron dextran for anaemia. One had an immediate anaphylactoid reaction; the other nine had a brief exacerbation of arthralgia and joint dysfunction of up to seven days' duration. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate rose by an average of 23 mm. in one hour (Westergren), but this often took longer than seven days to settle to the preinfusion level. It is suggested that this response is probably not due to an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis but to a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the dextran portion of the iron dextran complex. This treatment is potentially dangerous in rheumatoid arthritis; we recommend a preliminary test dose and that the infusion be started very slowly under supervision.
Power characteristics of inductive interconnect

The power characteristics of inductive interconnect lines is presented. The matching condition between the driver and the load has an effect on the power consumption since the short-circuit power dissipation may decrease with increasing line width and the dynamic power increases. A tradeoff exists between the short-circuit and dynamic power in inductive interconnects. The short-circuit power increases with wider line widths if the line is underdriven. As the short-circuit power is directly proportional to the signal transition time, an analytic solution for the transition time with an error of less than 15% is presented. The solution can be used in wire sizing synthesis techniques to decrease the overall power dissipation.