Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional outcome of stroke inpatients according to human immunodeficiency virus status: A feasibility study

Background Stroke in human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) individuals is becoming an increasing concern. Being significantly younger than typical stroke patients, the impact of functional challenges on quality of life and burden on society becomes more eminent. Objectives This feasibility study aims to determine the requirements for a large descriptive cohort, to adequately describe the functional outcome of stroke patients with varying HIV status. Method All stroke patients meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited over a 6-month period at a South African inpatient rehabilitation centre. Data were collected on admission and discharge using outcome measures including the Barthel Index (BI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the use of assistive devices used to describe independence with activities of daily living (ADL), mobility and safety post-stroke. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 14.2. Results The feasibility study identified appropriate procedures and barriers to a successful study in addition to describing preliminary data on participant demographics, relevant medical history and functional outcomes post-stroke. Limitations that affected feasibility included minimal recruitment sites, length of data collection period, timely communication of participant discharge plans and dates, and confirmation of participant HIV status. An appropriate comparison between sub-groups could not be made because of disproportionate group sizes, median age differences and no assessor blinding. Conclusion To increase generalisability and the understanding of the unique HIV+ stroke profile, multiple recruitment sites, longer data collection periods, assessor blinding and age-matched groups with HIV status confirmation are recommended.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphism and Premature Coronary Artery Disease

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co-substrate for homocysteine re-methylation to methionine. Its deficiency leads to an increased serum level of homocysteine, which is well-known to be associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Our case demonstrates the association of MTHFR polymorphism with premature CAD and myocardial infarction (MI) despite normal homocysteine levels. Screening for MTHFR polymorphisms in addition to homocysteine levels may be considered for patients presenting with premature CAD and a normal lipid profile. Aggressive risk reduction with lifestyle modifications and guideline-driven medical therapy supplementation might be necessary for secondary cardiovascular disease prevention until more specific therapeutic options are available for this subgroup of patients.
Analysis of Patient Safety Incident reporting system as an indicator of quality nursing in critical care units in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Background Patient Safety Incidents occur frequently in critical care units, contribute to patient harm, compromise quality of patient care and increase healthcare costs. It is essential that Patient Safety Incidents in critical care units are continually measured to plan for quality improvement interventions. Aim To analyse Patient Safety Incident reporting system, including the evidence of types, frequencies, and patient outcomes of reported incidents in critical care units. Setting The study was conducted in the critical care units of ten hospitals of eThekwini district, in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods A quantitative approach using a descriptive cross sectional survey was adopted to collect data from the registered nurses working in critical care units of randomly selected hospitals. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 270 registered nurses of which 224 (83%) returned completed questionnaires. A descriptive statistical analysis was initially conducted, then the Pearson Chi-square test was performed between the participating hospitals. Findings One thousand and seventeen (n = 1017) incidents in ten hospitals were self-reported. Of these incidents, 18% (n = 70) were insignificant, 35% (n = 90) minor, 25% (n = 75) moderate, 12% (n = 32) major and 10% (n = 26) catastrophic. Patient Safety Incidents were classified into six categories: (a) Hospital-related incidents (42% [n = 416]); (b) Patient care-related incidents (30% [n = 310]); (c) (Death 12% [n = 124]); (d) Medication-related incidents, (7% [n = 75]); (e) Blood product-related incidents (5% [n = 51]) and (f) Procedure-related incidents (4% [n = 41]). Conclusion This study’s findings indicating 1017 Patient Safety Incidents of predominantly serious nature, (47% considering moderate, major and catastrophic) are a cause for concern.
The Outcomes of OT Interventions on the Stress Level of Parents Experiencing Homelessness and Receiving Services from an Emergency Housing Shelter

and ​ ​ Homelessness Pg ​ ​ 4 ​ ​ of ​ ​ 27 ​ ​ Abstract This ​ ​ study ​ ​ measures ​ ​ the ​ ​ outcomes ​ ​ of ​ ​ occupational ​ ​ therapy ​ ​ intervention ​ ​ on ​ ​ stress ​ ​ and perceived ​ ​ occupational ​ ​ performance ​ ​ of ​ ​ parents ​ ​ receiving ​ ​ services ​ ​ from ​ ​ an ​ ​ emergency ​ ​ family homeless ​ ​ shelter. ​ ​ Three ​ ​ families ​ ​ each ​ ​ participated ​ ​ in ​ ​ three ​ ​ individualized ​ ​ intervention ​ ​ sessions with ​ ​ occupational ​ ​ therapy ​ ​ students. ​ ​ Researchers ​ ​
The cricketer’s shoulder and injury: Asymmetries in range of movement and muscle length

Background Shoulder injuries in cricket are often undetected and untreated. Objectives To determine whether there are associations between shoulder internal and external rotation range of movement (ROM), throwing arc (TA) ROM, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD), external rotation gain (ERG), pectoralis minor muscle length and the incidence of shoulder injury during the first 3 months of a cricket season amongst provincial and club cricketers. Method Male, actively participating, provincial and club cricketers were included in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. The independent variables included shoulder pain, which did not limit participation in cricket training and matches; shoulder external and internal rotation (ROM, TA ROM, GIRD and ERG) and pectoralis minor muscle length. Time-loss dominant shoulder injury was recorded for 3 months. Results Nine of the 32 participants sustained dominant shoulder injuries. Initial non-time-loss shoulder pain during baseline testing was associated with time-loss in-season shoulder injury (p = 0.007). Statistically significant side-to-side differences were found for all of the independent variables (internal rotation ROM, TA ROM and pectoralis minor muscle length distance), with the exception of external rotation ROM, amongst the uninjured players. Conclusion Non-time-loss-defined shoulder pain in actively participating cricketers seems to be a precursor to time-loss shoulder injury. Asymmetries in ROM and pectoralis minor muscle length in uninjured cricketers may have a protective role to play in the case of shoulder injury. Clinical implications The presence of shoulder pain and asymmetries in ROM should be investigated during the pre-season screening procedures, and early intervention should be implemented where appropriate.
Influence of Number Location on the SNARC Effect: Evidence From the Processing of Rotated Traditional Chinese Numerical Words

Studies have widely captured the spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect in the processing of various types of numbers in which small numbers are responded to faster with the left hand than with the right hand and larger numbers are responded to faster with the right hand than with the left hand. Although a few studies have explored Arabic numbers to further investigate the influence of number location on the SNARC effect, it remains unclear whether the influence of number location on the SNARC effect is moderated by numerical semantic processing difficulty and the task performed. This study explored traditional Chinese numerical words and rotated them to certain angles, which can increase numerical semantic processing difficulty, to further investigate the influence of the stimulus–response compatibility effect and Simon effect on the SNARC effect in a space classification task (Experiment 1), numerical magnitude classification task (Experiment 2), numerical parity classification task (Experiment 3), and color classification task (Experiment 4). The results indicated that (a) the stimulus–response compatibility effect, not the SNARC effect, prevailed in the numerical space classification task; (b) the SNARC effect, not the Simon effect, prevailed in the numerical magnitude and parity classification task; and (c) the Simon effect and the SNARC effect coexisted in the color classification task. These results suggested that the influence of number location on the SNARC effect was moderated by the task performed. Implications for the theory of the SNARC effect and Simon effect are discussed.
An Iranian Patient with Maroteaux Type Acromesomelic Dysplasia, Showing no Involvement of Distal Lower Limbs

A 2years old boy, offspring of non-consanguineous parents and of a 2nd pregnancy, was referred to the endocrine and metabolic center of the Nemazee Hospital, located in southwestern Iran, for evaluation of short stature. The patient was born at 38 weeks of gestation by cesarean section and was healthy by Apgar scoring. Birth weight was 3100 g, length 45 cm and head circumference 35 cm. He had no dysmorphic features and general physical examination revealed no pathology. There was no satisfactory length gain after birth, as noticed by his parents. At the referral time at age 2 years the patient had a weight of 8200 g (-4 SD), a length of 71 cm [-4 standard deviation (SD)]. Head circumference was 48 cm (0.3 SD). Fingers of the hand were extremely short and broad with small nails; there was no redundant skin on the fingers (Figure 1). His feet and toes were normal. Frontal bossing, low set ears and wrist joint hyperflexibility were prominent features. All developmental milestones were within normal limits. His older sibling was of normal stature. Matental height was 156 cm (-1.6 SD) and the father was 163 cm (-1.9 SD) tall. His older sibling was of normal stature. None of the other family members were affected.
A MRF shape prior for facade parsing with occlusions

We present a new shape prior formalism for the segmentation of rectified facade images. It combines the simplicity of split grammars with unprecedented expressive power: the capability of encoding simultaneous alignment in two dimensions, facade occlusions and irregular boundaries between facade elements. We formulate the task of finding the most likely image segmentation conforming to a prior of the proposed form as a MAP-MRF problem over a 4-connected pixel grid, and propose an efficient optimization algorithm for solving it. Our method simultaneously segments the visible and occluding objects, and recovers the structure of the occluded facade. We demonstrate state-of-the-art results on a number of facade segmentation datasets.
Neuromodulation influences synchronization and intrinsic read-out

The roles of neuromodulation in a neural network, such as in a cortical microcolumn, are still incompletely understood. Neuromodulation influences neural processing by presynaptic and postsynaptic regulation of synaptic efficacy. Synaptic efficacy modulation can be an effective way to rapidly alter network density and topology. We show that altering network topology, together with density, will affect its synchronization. Fast synaptic efficacy modulation may therefore influence the amount of correlated spiking in a network. Neuromodulation also affects ion channel regulation for intrinsic excitability, which alters the neuron’s activation function. We show that synchronization in a network influences the read-out of these intrinsic properties. Highly synchronous input drives neurons, such that differences in intrinsic properties disappear, while asynchronous input lets intrinsic properties determine output behavior. Thus, altering network topology can alter the balance between intrinsically vs. synaptically driven network activity. We conclude that neuromodulation may allow a network to shift between a more synchronized transmission mode and a more asynchronous intrinsic read-out mode.
Latent Class Models for Algorithm Portfolio Methods

Different solvers for computationally difficult problems such as satisfiability (SAT) perform best on different instances. Algorithm portfolios exploit this phenomenon by predicting solvers' performance on specific problem instances, then shifting computational resources to the solvers that appear best suited. This paper develops a new approach to the problem of making such performance predictions: natural generative models of solver behavior. Two are proposed, both following from an assumption that problem instances cluster into latent classes: a mixture of multinomial distributions, and a mixture of Dirichlet compound multinomial distributions. The latter model extends the former to capture burstiness, the tendency of solver outcomes to recur. These models are integrated into an algorithm portfolio architecture and used to run standard SAT solvers on competition benchmarks. This approach is found competitive with the most prominent existing portfolio, SATzilla, which relies on domain-specific, hand-selected problem features; the latent class models, in contrast, use minimal domain knowledge. Their success suggests that these models can lead to more powerful and more general algorithm portfolio methods.
Eye gaze estimation from a video

Our work focuses on the interdisciplinary field of detailed analysis of behaviors exhibited by individuals during sessions of distributed collaboration. With a particular focus on ergonomics, we propose new mechanisms to be integrated into existing tools to enable increased productivity in distributed learning and working. Our technique is to record ocular movements (eye tracking) to analyze various scenarios of distributed collaboration in the context of computer-based training. In this article, we present a low-cost oculometric device that is capable of making ocular measurements without interfering with the natural behavior of the subject. We expect that this device could be employed anywhere that a natural, non-intrusive method of observation is required, and its low-cost permits it to be readily integrated into existing popular tools, particularly E-learning campus.
Boa Views: Easy Modularization and Sharing of MSR Analyses

Mining Software Repositories (MSR) has recently seen a focus to-ward ultra-large-scale datasets. Several tools exist to support these efforts, such as the Boa language and infrastructure. While Boa has seen extensive use, in its current form it is not always possible to perform the entire analysis task within the infrastructure, often requiring some post-processing in another language. This limits end-to-end reproducibility and limits sharing/re-use of MSR queries. To address this problem, we use the notion of views from the relational database field and designed a query language and runtime infrastructure extension for Boa that we call materialized views. Materialized views provide output reuse to Boa users, so that the results of prior Boa queries can be easily reused by others. This allows for computing results not previously possible within Boa and provides for increased sharing and reuse of MSR queries. To evaluate views, we performed two partial reproductions of prior MSR studies utilizing Boa's dataset and infrastructure and compare our results to the prior studies. This shows the usability of the new infrastructure, allowing analyses in Boa that were not previously possible as well as providing a previously hand created gold dataset for identifier splitting as a reusable view for other MSR researchers. We also verified the caching behavior using the queries from one of the case studies. The results show that caching works as expected and can drastically improve runtime performance.
Korelasi Kadar Propilenglikol Dalam Basis Dan Pelepasan Dietilammonium Diklofenak Dari Basis Gel Carbopol ETD 2020

This research presents the correlation between concentration of propylene glycol and the release of diclofenac diethylammonium from carbopol ETD 2020 gel. The influence of propylene glycol 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% on the formula was also evaluated. Release of diclofenac diethylammonium from all formulations was evaluated using type diffusion cells via cellophane synthetic membrane, into phosphate buffer (0,01M pH 6,0). It was found that the gel containing 15% propylene glycol showed the highest release rate, followed by the decrease in the formula containing 20% propylene glycol. This indicated that a maximum release exists from 15% propylene glycol containing gel which provides the solubilized drug in the vehicle. A cosolvent action of propylene glycol was the evident. Statistical analysis of data showed that the maximum flux was 122. 117ï‚±3. 307ï•-g/cm2 minuteÂ1⁄2. It means that maximum enhancing activity was obtained from gel containing 15% propylene glycol because it increased the flux and decreased the lag time taken to reach a steady state level.
Comparative evaluation of air pollution tolerance of plants from polluted and non-polluted regions of Bengaluru

Green vegetation acts as a sink for particulate air pollutants and is considered as ecologically sustainable costeffective strategies to mitigate ill effects of air pollution in industrialized areas and urban environment. In this context, assessment of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) offers simple tool for screening and identifying plants that tolerate air pollution. Six plants commonly growing in the polluted regions of Bengaluru were selected for assessing the air pollution tolerance response. APTI indices of Ocimum sanctum, Ricinus communis, Leucas aspera, Lantana camara, Bougainvillea spectabilis, and Vinca rosea were assessed and compared with the plants grown in non-polluted sites of Bengaluru to analyze the response to air pollution. APTI correlations with the biochemical and physicochemical parameters were analyzed to identify the important determinants of air pollution tolerance. Among the parameters assessed ascorbic acid content correlated with APTI scores of plants (R2 0.88). Among the plants evaluated, high APTI of >23 was recorded in B. spectabilis and V. rosea, indicating that these plants are tolerant to air pollutants at the collected sites. O. sanctum recorded lowest APTI of 8.77–9.42, indicating that these plants are sensitive to air pollutants and can be used for biomonitoring the air pollution. L. aspera, V. rosea, and B. spectabilis with APTI score of >16 can be used as green belt in polluted areas.
A Descriptive Study of Dual Enrollment in Alabama

ii Acknowledgements . iii List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vii List of Abbreviations . viii Chapter I: Introduction . 1 Purpose of the Study . 12 Research Questions . 12 Significance of the Study . 12 Limitations of the Study. 14 Definition of Terms. 15 Chapter Summary . 17 Chapter II: Literature Review . 19 Purpose of the Study . 19 Research Questions . 20 Overview of Dual Enrollment . 20 Dual Enrollment Promotes College Access for Underserved Students . 27 Career, Technical, and Vocational Enrollment Students . 35 Dual Enrollment Impact on College Readiness and Remediation . 38
Variance analysis for Monte Carlo integration

We propose a new spectral analysis of the variance in Monte Carlo integration, expressed in terms of the power spectra of the sampling pattern and the integrand involved. We build our framework in the Euclidean space using Fourier tools and on the sphere using spherical harmonics. We further provide a theoretical background that explains how our spherical framework can be extended to the hemispherical domain. We use our framework to estimate the variance convergence rate of different state-of-the-art sampling patterns in both the Euclidean and spherical domains, as the number of samples increases. Furthermore, we formulate design principles for constructing sampling methods that can be tailored according to available resources. We validate our theoretical framework by performing numerical integration over several integrands sampled using different sampling patterns.
Evidence of burnout in critical care pharmacists.

PURPOSE Studies in critical care physicians and nursing indicate a potentially high rate of burnout. To date there is a paucity of data in critical care pharmacists assessing burnout in this group. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of risk of burnout in critical care pharmacists. METHODS Critical care pharmacists were solicited via email to complete an anonymous, electronic questionnaire regarding burnout. Subject demographic and employment characteristics were collected along with the validated, 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory Health Services Survey in the study cohort. Burnout was assessed from 3 aspects, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment. High degree of burnout was defined as a score >27 in emotional exhaustion, or score >10 in depersonalization, or score <33 in personal achievement. Risk factors of burnout were evaluated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. RESULTS Out of 3,140 critical care pharmacists, 193 (6.1%) completed surveys. The mean scores were 25.3, 7.5, and 36.7 for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievement, respectively. Overall, 123 pharmacists (64%) reported at least one syndrome of burnout, and 28 pharmacists (14.5%) reported burnout in all 3 scales. No single risk factor was identified to be associated with the risk of burnout. CONCLUSION Risk of burnout is high in critical care pharmacists, at 64%, and is comparable to the risk in other critical care practitioner groups. This emphasizes the importance of continuing to evaluate risk factors for burnout and providing resources for burnout prevention to high-risk practitioners.
Chemical Trends in the Thermodynamic Stability and Bandgaps of 980 Halide Double Perovskites: A High-Throughput First-Principles Study.

The chemical trends in the thermodynamic stability and bandgaps of 980 A2B+B3+X6 halide dou-ble-perovskites are revealed based on high-throughput first-principles calculations. To predict the stability with respect to phase-decomposition accurately, all known metal halides in the Materials Project database are considered as the competing compounds. The energies above the convex hull show that only 112 of 980 double-perovskites are stable and 27 double-perovskites that had been predicted to be stable in literature are actually unstable after considering more competing com-pounds. The stability of these double-perovskites is determined mainly by A, X and B+ elements and increases gradually as A becomes heavier (from Li to Cs) and X become lighter (from I to F). The bandgaps are determined mainly by X, B+ and B3+ elements, decreasing monotonically as X becomes heavier while changing non-monotonically as B+ and B3+ change. These chemical trends provide clear instructions for design of double-perovskites with good stability and suitable bandgaps for various applications, i.e., through choosing heavier A cations (e.g., large organic cations), stable double-perovskites can be designed with bandgaps tunable in a wide range of 0-7 eV (infrared to ultraviolet), however, through choosing light X anions, stable double-perovskites can be designed with only wide bandgaps.