Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction: The internationalization of Chinese and Indian firms: trends, motivations and strategy

The recent corporate evolution of China and India has been characterized by increased internationalization of firms in the form of significant outward foreign direct investment flows and overseas mergers and acquisitions. To provide a context for the papers in this ICC special issue 18:2 (2009), we outline the quantitative and qualitative patterns of internationalization activity of Chinese and Indian firms, identify factors that motivate these firms to invest overseas, and describe the internationalization strategies they have adopted.
Rates and pathways of carbon oxidation in permanently cold Arctic sediments

We report here a comprehensive study of the rates and pathways of carbon mineralization in Arctic sediments. Four sites were studied at 115 to 329 m water depth in fjords on Svalbard and in coastal Norway. The Svalbard coastal region is characterized by permanently cold bottom water temperatures of -1.7 to 2.6°C. Carbon oxidation (avg = 20 to 400 nmol cm -3 d -1 ) and sulfate reduction rates (avg = 10 to 350 nmol cm -3 d -1 ) were measured at high resolution to 10 cm depth in sediment incubations. The distribution of oxidants available for microbial respiration was determined through porewater and solid phase geochemistry. By comparing the distribution of potential oxidants to the depth-integrated mineralization rates, the importance of various respiratory pathways to the oxidation of organic C could be quantified. Integrated C oxidation rates measured in sediment incubations (11 to 24 mmol m -2 d -1 ) were comparable to within a factor of 2 to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes measured in situ using a benthic lander. Sulfate reduction was the dominant microbial respiration pathway (58 to 92 % of total C oxidation) followed by Fe(III) reduction (10 to 26%), oxygen (5 to 14 %), and nitrate respiration (2 to 3%). At sediment depths where sulfate reduction was dominant, C oxidation equivalents, calculated from independently measured sulfate reduction rates, matched DIC production rates in incubations. Sediment geochemistry revealed that the same vertical sequence of oxidants is reduced/respired in these Arctic sediments as in temperate continental shelf sediments of equivalent water depths. Microbial communities in permanently cold Arctic sediments exhibited mineralization rates and pathways comparable to temperate nearshore environments. This study completely partitioned C oxidation pathways, showing a predominance of sulfate respiration and a substantial contribution of Fe(III) reduction to organic matter mineralization in Arctic sediments for the first time. Microbial communities in cold sediments exposed to relatively high C deposition appear to respond to the input or availability of organic matter rather than to temperature.
Folksonomies , the semantic web , and movie recommendation Conference or Workshop Item

While the Semantic Web has evolved to support the meaningful exchange of heterogeneous data through shared and controlled conceptualisations, Web 2.0 has demonstrated that large-scale community tagging sites can enrich the semantic web with readily accessible and valuable knowledge. In this paper, we investigate the integration of a movies folksonomy with a semantic knowledge base about usermovie rentals. The folksonomy is used to enrich the knowledge base with descriptions and categorisations of movie titles, and user interests and opinions. Using tags harvested from the Internet Movie Database, and movie rating data gathered by Netflix, we perform experiments to investigate the question that folksonomy-generated movie tag-clouds can be used to construct better user profiles that reflect a user’s level of interest in different kinds of movies, and therefore, provide a basis for prediction of their rating for a previously unseen movie.
Boltzmann Sampling with Neuromorphic Hardware

The Boltzmann machine is an artificial neural network of stochastic binary units. It is a very general model which allows the implementation of efficient machine learning algorithms. These algorithms make the Boltzmann machine a powerful discriminative and generative model. The sampling steps of a Boltzmann machine can be calculated highly in parallel and are typically limited by the Von-Neumann bottleneck of conventional computer architectures. To overcome this limitation, this thesis aims to implement a Boltzmann machine of three sampling units on the Spikey neuromorphic computing platform. This device emulates leaky integrate-and-fire neurons highly accelerated compared to neurons in the human brain. Every sampling unit is modeled as a thoroughly calibrated network of 61 neurons. There are two networks implemented which closely approximate the Boltzmann distribution: one with positive weights and another with negative weights. Measurements of the probability distributions of the different states are consistent with the fitted Boltzmann distribution. Further high precision measurements with relative uncertainties less than 0.5% show systematic deviations from the Boltzmann distribution. Zusammenfassung Die Boltzmann-Maschine ist ein künstliches neuronales Netzwerk welches aus binären Zufallsvariablen besteht. Für dieses sehr allgemein formulierte Netzwerk sind effiziente Lernalgorithmen bekannt. So erzielt die Boltzmann-Maschine gute Ergebnisse sowohl als diskriminatives als auch als generatives Modell. Die Berechnungen sind stark parallelisierbar und auf konventionellen Systemarchitekturen typischerweise durch den Von-Neumann-Flaschenhals limitiert. In dieser Arbeit wird versucht eine Boltzmann-Maschine auf dem Spikey Chip umzusetzen, um diese Parallelisierbarkeit auszunutzen. Dieser integrierte Schaltkreis emuliert „Integrate-and-Fire-Neuronen“, welche stark beschleunigt sind, verglichen mit Neuronen im menschlichen Gehirn. Jede Zufallsvariable der Boltzmann-Maschine wird von einem sorfältig kalibrierten Netzwerk aus 61 Neuronen repräsentiert. Während dieser Arbeit wurden zwei Netzwerke erstellt, deren Zustandsverteilungen der Boltzmann-Maschine sehr nahe kommen: ein Netzwerk mit positiven, ein weiteres mit negativen Gewichten auf den Verbindungen. Die zugehörigen gemessenen Wahrscheinlichkeiten der Zustände stimmen mit den angepassten Boltzmann Verteilungen im Rahmen der erwarteten Fehler überein. Systematische Abweichungen zur Boltzmann Verteilung zeigen sich bei weiteren Präzisionsmessungen mit relativen Fehlern der Wahrscheinlichkeiten von unter 0.5%.
Factors affecting the preparation, constituents, and clinical efficacy of leukocyte- and platelet- rich fibrin (L-PRF)

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was first introduced by Choukroun et al, in 2001 as a method of concentrating autologous human leukocytes, platelets and fibrin for autotransplantation into surgical wound sites to accelerate healing. Even though several clinical reports have documented the use of L-PRF, controversy still exists with regards to many aspects of this biomaterial. Diverse publications report the use of non-standardised methods to prepare L-PRF, resulting in variable clinical results. The impact of the type of centrifuge, as well as of the growth factor release kinetics, have recently been studied and have yielded new insights into the structure and function of L-PRF. The presence of bone morphogenetic proteins as well as stem cells has also been documented. In this report we analyse various factors affecting L-PRF preparation and its constituents and highlight some of the controversies surrounding the biomaterial.
Teihivenator gen. nov., A new generic name for the Tyrannosauroid Dinosaur "Laelaps" Macropus (Cope, 1868; preoccupied by Koch, 1836)

Once referred to the ornithomimosaur 'Coelosaurus' antiquus, 'Laelaps' macropusspecimens from the Navesink Formation (Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian, Late Cretaceous) of New Jersey, USA was separated as a new species of 'Laelaps' by paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope in 1868. While it was revealed later that 'Laelaps' is preoccupied by laelapidae mite Laelaps agilis and renamed as Dryptosaurus, the taxonomic history of 'Laelaps' macropuswas controversial and sometimes considered as dubious. Here I show 'Laelaps' macropusas a valid taxon of tyrannosauroid based on comparisons with other taxa; there are considerable differences between 'Laelaps' macropusand Dryptosaurus aquilunguis. Therefore, a new generic name for 'Laelaps' macropus,Teihivenatorgen. nov. is erected here.
Density Clustering Based On Radius of Data (DCBRD)

— Clustering algorithms are attractive for the task of class identification in spatial databases. However, the application to large spatial databases rises the following requirements for clustering algorithms: minimal requirements of domain knowledge to determine the input parameters, discovery of clusters with arbitrary shape and good efficiency on large databases. The well-known clustering algorithms offer no solution to the combination of these requirements. In this paper, a density based clustering algorithm (DCBRD) is presented, relying on a knowledge acquired from the data by dividing the data space into overlapped regions. The proposed algorithm discovers arbitrary shaped clusters, requires no input parameters and uses the same definitions of DBSCAN algorithm. We performed an experimental evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of it, and compared this results with that of DBSCAN. The results of our experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is significantly efficient in discovering clusters of arbitrary shape and size.
A neuroimaging study in childhood autism

Background: Childhood autism is now widely viewed as being of developmental neurological origin. Abnormality in neuroimaging is reported in autism. Objectives: To delineate the proportion of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electro encephalography (EEG) abnormality among the children with Autism and to assess any association of MRI and EEG changes with co morbid mental illness. Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive study done at a child and adolescent consultation centre, Dhaka. The study was Carried out from January 2009 to December 2009. Both boys and girls were included in the study. A total of 42 children with childhood autism aged between two and 12 years partici­pated in this study. Diagnosis of autism was based on ICD-10(DCR) criteria. Results: Abnormalities were found to be 35.7% in MRI and 42.9% in EEG. EEG abnormalities were found in the form of defuse slow waves activities, generalized faster activities, epileptogenic discharge and mixed discharge. The abnormalities in MRI was found in the form of diffuse cortical atrophic changes, focal cortical atrophy in frontal and temporal cortex with widening of major sulci, prominent ventricles, periventricular degeneration and abnormal basal ganglia. EEG changes were significantly associated with increased number of co-morbid illness (mental retardation, epilepsy and others). Conclusion: A number of abnom1alities that observed in the present study indicative of relations between structural and physiological dysfunctions and childhood autism. Further exploratory and in-depth researches are certainly required in this field. Intervention of autism needs to address co morbidities for better outcome.
Non-linear impedance spectroscopy for complete thermoelectric characterization: Beyond the zT estimation

Thermoelectric measurement of the dimensionless zT parameter requires multiple physical quantities to be measured, therefore there is great interest to find an experimental setup capable of measuring all these properties at once. Previous works on impedance spectroscopy have shown promising results in this direction, however, this technique does not lead to a complete characterization of the thermoelectric system without additional measurement. In order to extend impedance spectroscopy, we have investigated the measurement of the non-linear harmonic response of a Peltier device. The experiments are analyzed using an analytic model obtained by solving the heat equation in the frequency regime. Our work shows that fitting the experimental response of the system in the harmonic regime can lead to a complete characterization of the thermoelectric properties without the need of additional measurement.
Physiological responses to salinity increases in the freshwater silversides Odontesthes bonariensis and O. hatcheri (Pisces, Atherinidae)

Monica Y. Tsuzuki\ Hideki Aikawa2; Carlos A. Strussmann1 & Fumio Takashima1lTokyo UniversityofFisheries, Department of Aquatic Biosciences'(4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan)e-mail: monica_tsuzuki@hotmail.com2Inland Water Experimental Station, Kanagawa Prefecture Fisheries Research Center(Ooshima 3657, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa-ken 229-1135, Japan)
MAKING CHANGES IN IMPROVING UDDER HEALTH : A VETERINARY PERSPECTIVE

Quarter and cow risk factors for clinical mastitis and elevated somatic cell count in uk dairy herd.65-66 J E Breen1,2, M.J. Green3, A.J.Bradley1,2, 1School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK; 2 Quality Milk Management Services Ltd., Unit 1, Lodge Hill Industrial Park, Station Road, Westbury-sub-Mendip, Wells, Somerset, UK; 3 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK.
DAB Converter Modeling and Control Applied to Charging Batteries

Photovoltaic systems are assuming an important role in the integration of renewable sources in the energy generation. The number of connections of this type of generation has grown considerably in recent years, bringing with it problems such as varying voltage, current, power and frequency levels at points with a large number of connections. Therefore, in order to maintain these levels within acceptable ranges and since it is a source that has an intermittent characteristic, it is necessary to integrate a system of energy storage (batteries, for example) for the best use of the generated energy. For the connection of the generation system to the battery bank it becomes necessary to use a DC-DC converter with high voltage gain, bidirectionality in the power flow and galvanic isolation. In this work, the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter with topological modification in the output is used, and the mathematical modeling of the converter is performed through two methods: the generalized average model and the linearization of the output current. In addition, a comparative analysis between the methods is performed and the Artigo submetido em 27/11/2017. Primeira revisão em 13/02/2018. Aceito para publicação em 17/04/2018 por recomendação do Editor Marcello Mezaroba. design of a current controller for the DAB is developed. Finally, the experimental results are presented. 
Collaborative Attack vs . Collaborative Defense ( extended abstract )

We have witnessed many attacks in the cyberspace. However, most attacks are launched by individual attackers even though an attack may involve many compromised computers. In this paper, we envision what we believe to be the next generation cyber attacks — collaborative attacks. Collaborative attacks can be launched by multiple attackers (i.e., human attackers or criminal organizations), each of which may have some specialized expertise. This is possible because cyber attacks can become very sophisticated and specialization of attack expertise naturally becomes relevant. To counter collaborative attacks, we might need collaborative defense because each “chain” in a collaborative attack may be only adequately dealt with by a different defender. In order to understand collaborative attack and collaborative defense, we present a high-level abstracted framework for evaluating the effectiveness of collaborative defense against collaborative attacks. As a first step towards realizing and instantiating the framework, we explore a characterization of collaborative attacks and collaborative defense from the relevant perspectives.
Adjuvant systemic treatment for colon cancer

The prognosis associated with colon cancer remains poor, as less than 60% of patients are potentially curable with radical resection of the primary tumour [1]. For this reason, adjuvant therapy has been combined with surgery, and this has made a significant impact on cure rates for this disease. The benefits of adjuvant therapy in colon cancer will be outlined in the following chapter.
A Selective Harmonic Elimination Technique for a Multilevel Inverter

For a multilevel inverter, switching angles at fundamental frequency are obtained by solving the selective harmonic elimination equations in such a way that the fundamental voltage is obtained as desired and certain lower order harmonics are eliminated. As these equations are nonlinear transcendental in nature, there may exist simple, multiple or even no solutions for a particular modulation index. Previous work has shown that if iterative numerical techniques are implemented to solve the transcendental equations, only one solution set is obtained even there may exist multiple solution sets; other suggested approaches such as resultants method, theory of symmetric polynomial produce all possible solution sets, but these methods are more computationally complex. In this paper a new approach is presented to implement the Newton-Raphson method for solving the transcendental equations which produces all possible solutions with any random initial guess and for any number of levels of multilevel inverter. Among multiple solution sets obtained, the solutions which produce least THD in the output voltage is chosen. As compared with the single set of solution, the decrease in the THD can be up to 3% in case of multiple solution sets. The computational results are shown graphically for better understanding and to prove the effectiveness of the method. An experimental 11-level cascade multilevel inverter is employed to validate the computational results.
A Model of Educational Attainment Application to the German Case

This paper aims at formulating a theoretical model of educational attainment which is directly implementable empirically. The conceptual framework relies on the human capital theory, where individuals weigh the costs and the returns of education to decide on the optimal amount of education they want to invest in. In an extension of the model, the educational process is decomposed into two stages: achievement at school and post-school achievement. The same conceptual framework applies at both stages, but a correlation is permitted between them. Empirically, this boils down to estimate a multivariate ordered probit model. An illustration based on German data shows how this model functions in practice. Thus, the model confers an economic foundation on the empirical estimation of the impact of certain factors on educational outcomes.
The misuse of input information in judgments of outcomes 4

10 In this paper we identify an input bias, the systematic misuse of input information in judgments of outcome quality. In many 11 settings irrelevant input measures, such as the amount of time an employee spends in the office, influence outcome assessments, such 12 as performance reviews. Across four studies we find that input values subtly, but significantly distort judgments of outcome quality. 13 Irrelevant input information predictably influences outcome assessments even when people recognize that input measures should not 14 matter and believe that input information did not matter. We examine the mechanics of the input bias, and suggest that because 15 input measures are often easy to manipulate or misrepresent, the input bias is likely to have broad implications for managerial 16 judgment and decision making. 17 2003 Published by Elsevier Science (USA).
Remove Logos from Video Using Linear and Fast Fourier Interpolation Methods

“ ”The object removal from video is sometimes necessary in some application. The process of removing object includes remove text, logo, watermark or a particular object. These objects may be static or dynamic in the video. The removed object are detected by binary mask and try to fill the background of removed object that in a non-noticeable visually. A completion is the process of rebuilding lost or degraded parts from frames of the video. In this paper an efficient technique are proposed to fill the missing parts of the frames within the video. This work include two algorithms: The first algorithm is Vertical, Horizontal and 4Neighbors algorithm (VH4NA) that contain three stages for filling process (vertical, horizontal and 4neighbors interpolation). The second algorithm is Fast Fourier interpolation algorithm (FFIA) depends on the Fast Fourier Transform for filling lost areas. The results showed that the proposed algorithms to fill the missing or damage parts of the video frames are in a visually pleasing way. The First algorithm is used to fill the missing parts with simple background, while the second algorithm used to fill the missing parts with complex background. The time consumed for the implementation of the first algorithm is less than time for implementation of the second”
Knowledge based systems text analysis

The astronomically immense number of potential applications from bridging Web data with cognizance bases has led to an incrementation in the entity linking research. Entity linking is the task to link entity mentions in text with their corresponding entities in a knowledgebase. Potential applications include information extraction, information retrieval, and cognizance base population. However, this task is challenging due to designate variations and entity ambiguity. In this survey, we present an exhaustive overview and analysis of the main approaches to entity linking, and discuss sundry applications, the evaluation of entity linking systems, and future directions.
Aesthetics and Ephemerality: Observing and Preserving the Luxury Brand

While luxury brands are one of the most profitable and fastest growing segments of the brand pantheon, they are the least understood. There is no established definition as to what a luxury brand is; no clear understanding of the value dimensionality of luxury brands; and no rigorous conceptualization of the different types of luxury brands. They are generally treated as homogenous. Little wonder that the management of these brands is shrouded in mystery. This article explores the value dimensionality of luxury brands, differentiates among luxury brands, and proposes a typology to help firms understand the managerial implications and challenges of each type. All luxury brands are not the same—they can mean different things to different people or even different things to the same people, which makes target marketing of luxury brands both difficult and important. This also means that they react differently to each other both in times of economic prosperity and in downturns. This article also explores strategies for migrating mass-market brands into luxury brand markets.