Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Introduction to Pathology Techniques

This book is aimed at all study personnel – including study monitors, study directors and toxicologists – who are exposed to pathology reports, necropsies, peer review, haematology and biochemistry results and adversity on a regular basis. The secret to an informative, relevant and useful pathology report is an open and collegial relationship between the study director and the study pathologist (Keane, 2014). This chapter aims to describe the various stages of the pathological process (e.g. necropsy, fixation of tissues, cutting of slides) in order to demonstrate where crucial errors which can cause problems at a later stage, may arise. In addition, it includes a brief overview of ancillary techniques that pathologists sometimes use (e.g. electron microscopy). Finally, it discusses carcinogenicity studies, digital pathology, biological drugs and crossreactivity studies, and their impact on study personnel. Throughout the chapter, the client is referred to as the ‘sponsor’ of a particular pharmaceutical study. Pathology is the study of disease, particularly the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs. Toxicological pathology is concerned predominantly with cell and tissue injury in animals treated with introduced chemical compounds or biological drugs. Studies are regulated by international bodies such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Animal testing to determine the safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices and food/colour additives is required by the FDA before it will give approval to begin clinical trials in humans. Pathology data may be quantitative (haematology, chemistry data, organ weights) or qualitative (microscopic diagnoses), and the toxicological pathology report is divided into macroscopic and An Introduction to Pathology Techniques
Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial

Abstract —Recently, left-handed metamaterials (LHM’s) have been demonstrated with an effective negative index of refraction and with antiparallel group and phase velocities for microwave radiation over a narrow frequency bandwidth. In order to take advantage of these characteristics for practical applications, it will be beneficial to develop LHM’s with increased frequency bandwidth response and lower losses. In this paper a commercial three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation code is used to explore the effects of geometry parameter variations on the frequency bandwidth of an LHM at microwave frequencies. Utilizing an optimizing routine in the code, a geometry was generated with a bandwidth more than twice as large as the original geometry . I. INTRODUCTION In recent years the existence of left-handed metamaterials (LHM’s), as first postulated by Veselago [1], has been demonstrated [2]. LHM’s, also known as Negative Index Material (NIM) and Double Negative Metamaterial (DNM), are an engineered material with a grid of very thin wires that can behave like a plasma medium to provide an effective negative electric permittivity [3], [4] interspersed with a periodic array of split ring resonators to provide an effective negative magnetic permeability [5]. In the narrow frequency range for which both these parameters are negative, the index of refraction has a negative value and the group and phase velocities of electromagnetic radiation within the material are antiparallel. These characteristics have the potential for enabling LHM to be used in a variety of applications, such as superlenses and high pass filters [6]. However, in order to take advantage of these characteristics for practical applications, it will be beneficial to develop LHM’s with increased frequency bandwidth response and lower losses [7]. The commercial codes CST Microwave Studio (MWS) and CST Design Studio (DS) [8] were used to simulate the dispersion and scattering parameters of an LHM. Variations in the geometry were investigated to determine the effects on frequency bandwidth. Using the optimizer of MWS, the LHM geometry was optimized for maximum percent bandwidth. The accuracy of MWS and DS for simulating LHM as well as the effectiveness of the internal optimizer has been previously demonstrated [9], [10].
Demographic Change and Job Satisfaction in Service Industries - The Role of Age and Gender on the Effects of Customer-Related Social Stressors on Affective Well-Being

headquarters that cooperated for conducting our studies. We also thank all participants for taking part in our study. Finally, we appreciate all of the reviewers’ and editors’ insightful comments. In particular, we are grateful to an anonymous reviewer’s suggestion to include female employees and to investigate the role of gender in our analyses. Christian Dormann is Professor of Business Education and Management, at Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)6131 39 29900, Fax: +49 (0)6131 39 29910, E-Mail: cdormann@uni-mainz.de. *Corresponding Author. Sarah Brod is Research Assistant at Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)6131 39 29998, Fax: +49 (0)6131 39 29910, E-Mail: sabrod@uni-mainz.de. Sarah Engler was Research Assistant at Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, now employed at Infraserv-Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany. Demographic Change and Job Satisfaction in Service Industries – The Role of Age and Gender on the Effects of Customer-Related Social Stressors on Affective Well-Being
exercise improves glucose homeostasis via enhanced fibroblast growth factor 21 action on 21 adipose tissues

TiTle PAGe Plenary 1 The AAV toolkit for gene therapy and basic science applications 8 IE Alexander Plenary 2 Drugs developed to treat type 2 diabetes show protective 8 effects in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease C Holscher Plenary 3 Spatial and temporal dynamics of cancer evolution 9 C Swanton 1 Role of autophagy in vertebrate haematopoiesis and human 10 myelodysplastic syndrome KH Chan, A Ma, AYH Leung 2 The usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging in detecting 10 spinal disease activity in spondyloarthritis patients HY Chung, SCW Chan, HHL Tsang, CS Lau, CS Wong 3 local adverse effect of intradermal administration of influenza 11 vaccination is an indicator of satisfactory immunogenicity TC Chan, IFN Hung, KH Chan, PY Li, PTW Li, JKH Luk, LW Chu, FHW Chan 4 Oral Comparing effectiveness between intramuscular and 11 intradermal trivalent influenza vaccination in nursing home residents: a randomised controlled trial TC Chan, IFN Hung, JKH Luk, LW Chu, FHW Chan 5 A randomised controlled trial to compare immunogenicity 12 between intramuscular and intradermal trivalent influenza vaccination in nursing home older adults TC Chan, IFN Hung, KH Chan, PY Li, PTW Li, JKH Luk, LW Chu, FHW Chan 6 Prevalence of influenza vaccination and associated factors 12 among Chinese nursing home health care workers TC Chan, IFN Hung, JKH Luk, LW Chu, FHW Chan 7 epidemiology of invasive fungal disease in haematology 13 patients: a two-year prospective analysis SY Chan, H Gill, YY Hwang, YL Kwong 8 APPl1 counteracts streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice 13 ZR Chen, AM Xu, KKY Cheng 9 POster identification of polo-like kinase as a potential target in acute 14 myeloid leukaemia CY Cher, CH Man, SSY Lam, ESK Ho, NKL Ng, AYH Leung Editor-in-ChiEf Ignatius TS Yu 余德新 SEnior EditorS PT Cheung 張璧濤 Albert KK Chui 徐家強 Michael G Irwin Martin CS Wong 黃至生 TW Wong 黃大偉 EditorS Gavin J Chan 陳慶釗 KL Chan 陳廣亮 KS Chan 陳健生 Henry LY Chan 陳力元 David VK Chao 周偉強 W Cheuk 卓 華 TW Chiu 趙多和 Paul CL Choi 蔡祥龍 Stanley ST Choi 蔡兆堂 LW Chu 朱亮榮 Ellis KL Hon 韓錦倫 WK Hung 熊維嘉 Bonnie CH Kwan 關清霞 Alvin KH Kwok 郭坤豪 Paul BS Lai 賴寶山 Eric CH Lai 賴俊雄 CY Lam 林楚賢 Stephen TS Lam 林德深 Patrick CP Lau 劉志斌 Arthur CW Lau 劉俊穎 Keith KH Lau 劉廣洪 PY Lau 婁培友 Nelson LS Lee 李禮舜 Danny WH Lee 李偉雄 KY Leung 梁國賢 Danny TN Leung 梁子昂 Thomas WH Leung 梁慧康 WK Leung 梁惠強 Kenneth KW Li 李啟煌 David TL Liu 劉大立 Janice YC Lo 羅懿之 Herbert HF Loong 龍浩鋒 James KH Luk 陸嘉熙 Andrea OY Luk 陸安欣 Ada TW Ma 馬天慧 Henry KF Mak 麥嘉豐 Jacobus KF Ng 吳國夫 Hextan YS Ngan 顏婉嫦 Martin W Pak 白 威 Edward CS So 蘇超駒 William YM Tang 鄧旭明 Kenneth KY Wong 黃格元 Patrick CY Woo 胡釗逸 Bryan PY Yan 甄秉言 TK Yau 游子覺 Kelvin KH Yiu 姚啟恒 AdviSorS on BioStAtiStiCS William B Goggins Eddy KF Lam 林國輝 AdviSor on CliniCAl EpidEmiology Shelly LA Tse 謝立亞 S U P P L E M E N T 1
FOREST COVER, IMPERVIOUS‐SURFACE AREA, AND THE MITIGATION OF STORMWATER IMPACTS 1

ABSTRACT: For 20 years, King County, Washington, has implemented progressively more demanding structural and nonstructural strategies in an attempt to protect aquatic resources and declining salmon populations from the cumulative effects of urbanization. This history holds lessons for planners, engineers, and resource managers throughout other urbanizing regions. Detention ponds, even with increasingly restrictive designs, have still proven inadequate to prevent channel erosion. Costly structural retrofits of urbanized watersheds can mitigate certain problems, such as flooding or erosion, but cannot restore the predevelopment flow regime or habitat conditions. Widespread conversion of forest to pasture or grass in rural areas, generally unregulated by most jurisdictions, degrades aquatic systems even when watershed imperviousness remains low. Preservation of aquatic resources in developing areas will require integrated mitigation, which must including impervious‐surface limits, forest‐retention policies, stormwater detention, riparian‐buffer maintenance, and protection of wetlands and unstable slopes. New management goals are needed for those watersheds whose existing development precludes significant ecosystem recovery; the same goals cannot be achieved in both developed and undeveloped watersheds.
The effects of line spacing and harvest time on processing yield and root size of carrot for Cenourete® production

The effect of line spacing and harvest time on carrot and Cenourete ® , a baby carrot-like product, yield were evaluated under conditions of Central Brazil winter. Seeds were sown in order to obtain 6, 8 and 10 lines/meter, what corresponded to a distance of 16.6, 12.5 and 10 cm between lines, respectively. Harvests were made 80, 90 and 100 days after sowing. The cultivars grown were open-pollinated Esplanada and hybrid SugarSnax 54. Root and Cenourete ® yield varied with all the main factors and no interaction was significant. The root yield of both cultivars increased with later harvest at each density level. Yield of Esplanada root was only marginally affected by line spacing. Although significant, the effect of plant density on the yield of SugarSnax 54 accounted for less than 5% of the variation in the data set and differences between means were not significant by Tukey (α= 0.05). Cenourete ® yield from Esplanada cultivar varied from 9.4+3.9 to 15.2+6.5 t/ha and from SugarSnax 54 it varied from 9.9+3.9 to 18.2+6.5 t/ha, depending on treatment. Anticipating harvest had a much greater effect in enhancing the recovery of Cenourete ® from carrot roots than increasing plant density. Although it didn't affect total yield, decreasing line spacing to 10 cm was important to assure that a larger proportion of thinner roots were produced and consequently the production of superior quality Cenouretes ® was higher. Harvest time was also important to determine the Cenourete ® size since the increase in total production at later harvest was due to a higher proportion of larger Cenouretes ® . The best combination line spacing x harvest time for Esplanada and SugarSnax 54 under the conditions of this experiment will depend whether the interest lies in the production of any or of a particular Cenourete ® size. ® , baby-carrot. RESUMO Efeitos do espacamento entre linhas e da epoca de colheita no rendimento industrial e no tamanho de raiz de cenoura para producao de Cenourete ®
Predicción de la aterosclerosis subclínica en individuos de bajo riesgo Puntuación de salud cardiovascular ideal y puntuación Fuster-BEWAT

del JACC, Dr. Valentin Fuster. aCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, España; bIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nueva York; cLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Londres, Reino Unido; dDepartamento de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Centro Integral de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIEC), Madrid, España; eCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, España; f Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Unidad de Investigación Translacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; gBanco de Santander, Madrid, España; hDepartamento de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España; iInstituto de Investigación i+12, Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; jDepartamento de Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, España; y la kFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España. El estudio PESA fue financiado RESUMEN
Signaling Substances Used in Plant Defense : HPLC-MS / MS Analysis of Jasmonates

Introduction P lants must be capable of responding to climatic fluctuations, diurnal rhythms, available supplies of water and nutrients, and insect attacks and infestations. To ensure such responses, plants need a network of regulating substances called phytohormones. These substances enable plants to respond to both biotic and abiotic stresses by initiating a cascade of orchestrated actions, and to trigger development-specific processes. In this article, we will discuss a highly sensitive analytical method for quantitative determination of phytohormones. The main representatives of the plant hormones are jasmonic acid (JA), cytokines, auxins, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, gibberellins, and strigolactones. The phytohormone JA plays a pivotal role as a woundsignaling substance in the defense against chewing insects. In the leaf, chewing or sucking insects (Figure 1) induce the activation of JA biosynthesis and thereby the accumulation of JA. All JA derivatives, produced by methylation, glycosylation, hydroxylation, or esterification with amino acids are subsumed under the term “jasmonates. ” The amino acid ester derivative of isoleucine, jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), plays a key role in this. JA-Ile represents the biologically active form of the phytohormone. [1] It triggers a number of immune responses, like the production of locally toxic or digestion-inhibiting substances. After insect attack, plants can synthetize proteinase inhibitors that impair the activity of digestive proteinases in the gut of the feeding insect. [1] Volatile substances, such as methyl jasmonate, are emitted to attract predators (e.g., chewing enemies, predatory insects) of the plant pests. [2] Moreover, the jasmonates work like mobile alarm signals that put the not-infested plant parts of an infested plant into a heightened state of defensive readiness. [3] It is important to keep this defensive state narrowly limited in time because this energy-intensive process can diminish plant growth and its adaptability to other stress conditions. Regulating the local accumulation of JA and the biologically active JA-Ile signal molecule demands strict control of the synthesis, transport, and degradation of the substances. Hence, the characterization of the substrate and breakdown products of JA metabolism and their quantification in wounded, stressed, or infested plant tissues is the focus of current research.
Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Collected from Serpentine Outcrops in Sri Lanka

Thirty-two plant species collected from serpentine (ultramafic) soils in Sri Lanka were screened for antimicrobial properties against three Gram-positive and two Gramnegative bacteria, a non-acid fast bacterium, and the yeast, Candida albicans. Methanol extracts of 29 species belonging to 12 families were active against at least one microorganism. Activity against the Gram-positive and non-acid fast bacteria was common, however, only two taxa, Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) and a species of Phyllanthus L. (Euphorbiaceae), were active against the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. None of the species was active against the other Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli, or C. albicans. Photoactivity was observed from extracts of 10 species belonging to 10 families, including Convolvulaceae, Lamiaceae, and Rhamnaceae where photoactivity has not been previously reported. Interestingly, Leucas zeylanica (L.) R. Br. (Lamiaceae), one of only three species collected from more than one site, showed population-level variation in photoactivity. This is the first study where plants from highly stressful serpentine environments have been tested for antimicrobial activity. Our findings suggest that plants from serpentine environments may have altered antimicrobial activities when compared to their relatives from non-serpentine environments, urging the need to pay attention to substrate, habitat, etc., when collecting plants to test for antimicrobial properties.
Productivity of determinate growth tomato lines tolerant to heat under the organic system

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the productive response of heat tolerant lines of determinate growth tomato under the organic production system. The experiment was carried out in the Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias of UFMG, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of eight heat tolerant processing type tomato lines obtained from the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), China: CLN1621L, CLN1621F, CLN1621E, CLN1466P, CLN2026E, CLN2026D, CLN2026C and CLN2001C. There was an inverse relationship between the average weight of the fruits and the number of fruits per plant. The highest average fruit weight of some lines was compensated by the lowest quantity of fruits, in such a way that there were no significant differences among the lines. Symptoms of nutritional deficiency and incidences of pests and diseases were not verified in any of the studied lines. All lines presented potential for genetic improvement research and cultivation using organic production systems under higher temperature conditions.
Understanding single-top-quark production and jets at hadron colliders

I present an analysis of fully differential single-top-quark production plus jets at next-to-leading-order. I describe the effects of jet definitions, top-quark mass, and higher orders on the shapes and normalizations of the kinematic distributions, and quantify all theoretical uncertainties. I explain how to interpret next-to-leading-order jet calculations, and compare them to showering event generators. Using the program ZTOP, I show that HERWIG and PYTHIA significantly underestimate both s-channel and t-channel single-top-quark production, and propose a scheme to match the relevant samples to the next-to-leading-order predictions.
Factors associated with compliance with physical activity recommendations among adolescents in Huesca

Schools have been identified as environments of choice for physical activity promotion. This study examines factors associated with compliance with objectively assessed physical activity recommendations for early adolescents taking part in “Sigue la Huella”, a school-based intervention guided by a social ecological framework and Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002). Methods: A total of 200 students (108 boys) aged 12-13 years (M = 12.16; SD = ± 0.51), wore accelerometers during a 7-day period and completed a questionnaire. Participants were considered compliant to the recommendations if their moderate to vigorous physical activity, averaged over 7 days, was ≥60 minutes a day. Results: 57.4% of boys and 9.9% of girls met recommendations. In a mixed logistic regression model, compliance was higher among boys and students attending private schools, and lower for obese students. Compliance was also associated with higher perceptions of physical competence, higher perceptions of autonomy in physical education, greater importance attached to physical education and less sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Assessed objectively, gender differences in compliance with physical activity recommendations were greater than expected. Self-Determination Theory emerged as a useful framework to identify motivational factors that can be addressed in school-based physical activity interventions and programs for early adolescents.
Destination image and destination personality.

Purpose – To examine the contentious relationship between brand image and brand personality in the context of tourism destinations.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the literature on brand (destination) image, brand (destination) personality and identifies examples of definitional inconsistencies and instances where the terms brand image and brand personality are used interchangeably. Two studies were carried out to investigate the relationship between the two constructs. Data were analysed using canonical correlation.Findings – Results indicate that destination image and destination personality are related concepts. Canonical correlation analyses reveal that the emotional component of destination image captures the majority of variance on destination personality dimensions.Research limitations/implications – Academics must pay particular attention at distinguishing between brand image and brand personality, since, failure to do so, will hinder research progress and result in poor conceptual.
A Low Leakage Input Dependent ONOFIC Approach for CMOS Logic Circuits

With the rise of the number of electronic portable devices, the importance of leakage power reduction techniques are increasing. Leakage power dissipation has become one of the critical issues in modern integrated circuit. This work focuses on the low power circuit design, which is showing an ever increasing growth with the scaling of technology nodes. Supply voltage and threshold voltage of the device are scaled down to maintain the performance at lower technology nodes. Reduction in threshold voltage causes leakage power in the concerned device. The number of gates per chip has been increasing with technology scaling which resulted in large leakage power dissipation. The demand of low power integrated circuits is increasing to improve the performance of portable systems. In this research paper, a low leakage circuit level approach is proposed in order to overcome the leakage power dissipation. 4:1 multiplexer is designed and simulated at 32nm technology node by using proposed approach and the results are compared with the conventional 4:1 multiplexer circuit. Keywords—Device scaling, leakage power, nanoscale CMOS, VLSI circuits.