Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
30-days’ outcome of haemorrhagic stroke: correlation between intracerebral hemorrhage score and modified Rankin score

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) constitutes 10% to 15% of all strokes. Within 30 days reported mortality is 35-52% and only 20% is functionally independent in 6 months. Despite several existing outcome prediction models for ICH, modified Rankin scale is found to be best predictor of outcome in early and long term period. To find out 30-day mortality in ICH and predict outcome based on modified Rankin score. In this study, 48 patients presenting with acute ICH presenting to a tertiary hospital in Khulna were enrolled. The 30-day mortality and disability were recorded, and ICH score along with modified Rankin score at presentation were calculated. In this study, the 30-day mortality rate was 27.1%; regression analysis showed the correlation between the scores (as measured by modified Rankin scale) for patient disability, intraventricular hemorrhage, the Glasgow Coma score, and volume of hematoma (>30 ml vs <30 ml) were significantly correlated with corresponding ICH scores. The ICH scale is a simple clinical grading scale which can predict mortality as well as disability in haemorrhagic stroke within 30 days that can be helpful to physicians in prioritization of their patient management and forecasting about prognosis.Mediscope Vol. 5, No. 1: Jan 2018, Page 10-14
Structural Characterization of α-Zein

A variety of published physical measurements, computational algorithms, and structural modeling methods have been used to create a molecular model of 19 kDa alpha-zein (Z19). Zetaeins are water-insoluble storage proteins found in corn protein bodies. Analyses of the protein sequence using probability algorithms, structural studies by circular dichroism, infrared spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), light scattering, proton exchange, NMR, and optical rotatory dispersion experiments suggest that Z19 has approximately 35-60% helical character, made up of nine helical segments of about 20 amino acids with glutamine-rich "turns" or "loops". SAXS and light-scattering experiments suggest that in alcohol/water mixtures alpha-zein exists as an oblong structure with an axial ratio of approximately 6:1. Furthermore, ultracentifugation, birefringence, dielectric, and viscosity studies indicate that alpha-zein behaves as an asymmetric particle with an axial ratio of from 7:1 to 28:1. Published models of alpha-zein to date have not been consistent with the experimental data, and for this reason the structure was re-examined using molecular mechanics and dynamics simulations creating a new three-dimensional (3D) structure for Z19. From the amino acid sequence and probability algorithms this analysis suggested that alpha-zein has coiled-coil tendencies resulting in alpha-helices with about four residues per turn in the central helical sections with the nonpolar residue side chains forming a hydrophobic face inside a triple superhelix. The nine helical segments of the 19 kDa protein were modeled into three sets of three interacting coiled-coil helices with segments positioned end to end. The resulting structure lengthens with the addition of the N- and C-terminal sections, to give an axial ratio of approximately 6 or 7:1 in agreement with recent experiments. The natural carotenoid, lutein, is found to fit into the core of the triple-helical segments and help stabilize the configuration. Molecular dynamics simulations with explicit methanol/water molecules as solvent have been carried out to refine the 3D structure.
Pest categorisation of Hirschmanniella spp.

Abstract The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of nematodes belonging to the genus Hirschmanniella (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae). Twenty‐nine species in this genus have been considered of which five species are present in the EU (Hirschmanniella behningi, Hirschmanniella gracilis, Hirschmanniella halophila, Hirschmanniella loofi and Hirschmanniella zostericola). The whole genus except H. gracilis is regulated by Council Directive 2000/29/EC (Annex IAI). Hirschmanniella species are root endoparasites uniquely adapted to aquatic environments. Most species are reported from tropical regions. Monocotyledons including aquatic plants are main hosts and some Hirschmanniella species are important pests of rice. Plants for planting are potential pathways for entry. Hirschmanniella species are frequently intercepted on imported aquarium plants. Measures are available to avoid entry. Environmental conditions in greenhouses and potentially in rice production areas of the EU are suitable for establishment. The nematode may be spread with irrigation, tools or plants for planting. Hirschmanniella species were categorised into four groups. The first group includes species reported as pests of crop plants; those satisfy all the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess to be regarded as Union quarantine pests. The second group includes species that are not reported to cause economic damage to crop plants; those species do not satisfy all the criteria to be regarded as Union quarantine pests. Uncertainty exists whether species in this group can cause damage once introduced into the EU. The third group includes species that are known to be present in the EU and do not cause damage; they do not satisfy the criteria to be regarded as Union quarantine pests or regulated non‐quarantine pests. The fourth group consists of H. gracilis only. This worldwide occurring species is present in the EU where it does not cause economic damage. It does not satisfy all the criteria to be regarded as a Union quarantine pest.
Mandated Self-Reporting of Workforce Data Collected During Medical License Application or Renewal:

Surveys required of licensed medical practitioners under the 2011 New Mexico Health Care Work Force Data Collection, Analysis and Policy Act produce knowledge useful for state health care workforce planning. As a case example, we examined responses to the mandatory survey from all obstetricians-gynecologists (ob-gyns) licensed and actively practicing in New Mexico between 2013 and 2015. In 2015, there were 389 licensed ob-gyns in New Mexico; two-thirds (254, 65.3%) practiced in the state. Eleven of 33 counties had no ob-gyn and no inpatient maternity services. More than half of all ob-gyns were female (54.1%), and females were younger than males (median age: 48.2 versus 61.4 years). Very few providers stated that their practice was too full to accept new patients. Most ob-gyns were employed (rather than practice owner-operators), and few worked in independent practices. The 28.7% of all ob-gyns who worked in non-metropolitan counties were more likely to be male, white, older, and work more hours. In concl.
Bases epidemiológicas para el control integrado de los ¿Repilos¿ del olivo

El termino generico "Repilos" hace referencia a tres micosis foliares del olivo que tienen en comun la defoliacion y desecacion de ramas de los arboles afectados y los ataques a las aceitunas. Estas tres enfermedades son el Repilo causado por Spiocaea oleagina (= Cycloconium oleaginum), el Emplomado debido a Pseudocercospora cladosporioides (=Cercospora cladosporioides) y la Antracnosis o "Aceituna jabonosa", causada por dos especies del genero Colletotrichum: C. acutatum y O. gloeosporioides (=Gloeosporium olivarum). De ellas, la mas comun y ampliamente distribuida es el Repilo, pero en algunos anos y zonas, las otras dos enfermedades, y sobre todo la Antracnosis, son responsables de perdidas muy graves de cosecha y de calidad del aceite (GARCiA, 1991; TRAPERO Y BLANCO, 2004). Las tres enfermedades son de facil diagnostico, aunque sus ciclos de patogenesis presentan importantes diferencias que condicionan las estrategias de control. En este trabajo se expone de forma comparativa la informacion actualizada sobre la epidemiologia de las tres enfermedades y su aplicacion a la evaluacion del riesgo de ataques.
The Function of PufQ in the Regulation of Bacteriochlorophyll Biosynthesis in Rhodobacter capsulatus

I The pufQ gene of Rhodobacter capsulatus is essential for the synthesis of functional amounts of the photosynthetic apparatus. Here, we present evidence for the involvement of the pufQ gene product in the regulation of two enzymes in the bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis pathway in response to changing oxygen tensions. A strain (HUP35A) bearing a chromosomal point mutation in the pufQ gene synthesizes more bacteriochlorophyll than JSOl and JS02, but still considerably less than wildtype R. capsulatus. Normally, the activities of HemB and HemZ in the wildtype strain were increased by about two-fold upon transfer from aerobic to semiaerobic growth conditions. Disruption of the pufQ gene, either by chromosomal knockout or point mutation, leads to an incomplete induction of the enzyme specific activities of both Hem2 and HemB upon transfer to semiaerobic growth conditions. Therefore, it was concluded that the proline35alanine substitution appears to have an effect on the functionality of PufQ under photosynthetic growth conditions. We also present evidence that OW227 is an aerobic repressor of hem2 transcription and a hypothetical model is proposed for the function of PufQ in the inactivation of the OW227 repressor on hem2 transcription under photosynthetic conditions. The conversion of ALA acid to PBG is the second step in the bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, and is catalyzed by HemB. A complete kinetic analysis of HemB was undertaken and the effect of two porphyrins and two porphyrinogens on HemB specific activity was also determined. Here, we present evidence that the two porphyrinogens, Coprogen and Urogen, successive intermediates in the early pathway of bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis, act in the manner of a potent two-fold intermediate feedback inhibition on HemB activity. Both of these porphyrinogens exhibit a mixed-type inhibition of HemB. Coprogen demonstrated K, and KI values of 3.05 pM and 13.6 pM, respectively, while Urogen demonstrated Ki and KI values of 8.2 pM and 7.0 pM, respectively.
Control of the cell cycle during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes

The overall aim of the work presented in this thesis is to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of the meiotic division in mammalian oocytes. The first goal of this project was to investigate the relative contribution of securin and cyclin B1 to the control of the protease separase during the indeterminate period of metaphase II arrest. I found here that although there are conditions in which either securin or MPF can prevent chromosome disjunction, such as during meiosis I, securin is the predominant inhibitor of separase during metaphase II arrest. Thus, CDK1 pharmacological inhibition as well as antibody inhibition of CDK1/cyclin B1 binding to separase, both failed to induce sister chromatid disjunction. Instead, securin morpholino knockdown induced sister chromatid separation, which could be rescued by injection of securin cRNA. I also examined the effect of CDK1 and MAPK activities on securin stability. Inhibition of both kinases, but not either one alone, using roscovitine and UO126, induced the premature destruction of securin during prometaphase of meiosis I. However, this effect is not dependent on securin phosphorylation, given that mutagenesis of CDK1 and MAPK phosphorylation sites on securin did not affect its stability. Finally, I found that CDK1 and MAPK inhibition also causes the premature degradation of other APC/C substrates, such as cyclin B1 and geminin. Interestingly, only the D-box containing substrates and not Ken-box substrates were subject to such effect. However, this prometaphase I instability of the D-box substrates was apparently not mediated by APC/CCdc20 or APC/CCdh1, given that Cdc20 was also targeted for destruction and morpholino-knockdown of both Cdc20 and Cdh1 failed to rescue securin stability. Also, the inhibition of SCFβ-TrCP using the dominant negative mutant of its F-box protein (β-TrCPΔ) could not restore securin levels, suggesting it is not SCFβ-TrCP-dependent. Future work will explore whether this effect could be attributed to activation of some meiosis-specific APC/C co-activators or the core APC/C, which was recently reported of being able to directly interact with the D-box containing substrates independently of Cdc20 and Cdh1 (Passmore et al., 2003; Yamano et al., 2004).
Light transmittance estimates in a longleaf pine woodland

While the importance of canopy structure in open woodlands and savannas on regulating the flow of energy and matter is well known, few studies have investigated how variation in overstory abundance influences canopy light transmission and the extent that estimates vary in their ability to characterize the light environment in these ecosystems. Canopy light transmittance (% photosynthetic photon flux density, or %PPFD) was measured with gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) photodiodes and was monitored throughout the growing season in an open-canopy longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) woodland across an overstory abundance gradient. Several estimates of canopy light transmittance were also measured, including 10 minute averages of %PPFD under clear and overcast sky conditions during summer, fall, and winter, as well as light estimates derived from hemispherical photographs (gap fraction, GF: gap light index, GLI; and weighted canopy openness, WCO). Linear and curvilinear regression were used to analyze the relationship between (1) light measurements and canopy structure and (2) light estimates and growing-season % PPFD measured by light diodes. Of all light measurements in this study, ten-minute average % PPFD measurements during clear days were the most variable: only a small proportion in the 10- minute average of light reaching the understory was correlated to either overstory structure or growing-season canopy transmittance. While measures on overcast days improved the correlations, they tended to overestimate transmittance. Gap fraction (GF) and gap light index (GLI) were strongly correlated with % PPFD and overstory structure, and the relationship between GLI and % PPFD was improved by using a direct light setting of 60%. In addition to strong correlation, hemispherical photographic estimates of light fell along a 1:1 line with % growing-season PPFD; thus, estimates were relatively unbiased. Measures of light in this ecosystem need to incorporate the large spatial and temporal variation in light transmittance that is characteristic of this ecosystem if investigators are to understand the relationship between open-canopy woodlands and their light environments. FOR. SCI. 49(5):752-762.
Shaping proteostasis at the cellular, tissue, and organismal level

The proteostasis network (PN) regulates protein synthesis, transport, and degradation to maintain proteome integrity and limit the accumulation of protein aggregates, a hallmark of aging and degenerative diseases. In multicellular organisms, the PN is regulated at the cellular, tissue, and systemic level to ensure organismal health and longevity. Here we review these three layers of PN regulation and examine how they collectively maintain cellular homeostasis, achieve cell type-specific proteomes, and coordinate proteostasis across tissues. A precise understanding of these layers of control has important implications for organismal health and could offer new therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases and other chronic disorders related to PN dysfunction.
PERSEPHONE: 6 versus 12 months (m) of adjuvant trastuzumab in patients (pts) with HER2 positive (+) early breast cancer (EBC): Randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial with definitive 4-year (yr) disease-free survival (DFS) results.

506Background: Adjuvant trastuzumab has significantly improved outcomes for HER2+ EBC pts, using the 12m duration empirically adopted from the pivotal registration trials. A shorter duration could reduce toxicities and cost whilst providing similar efficacy. No reduced-duration trial to date has demonstrated non-inferiority. Methods: PERSEPHONE is a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial comparing 6 to 12m trastuzumab, the largest reduced-duration non-inferiority trial internationally. Mapping onto standard UK practice, all HER2+ EBC pts were eligible. Stratification is by ER status, chemotherapy (CT) type, and CT and trastuzumab timing. The primary endpoint is DFS from diagnosis (first relapse or death from any cause). Randomising 4000 pts (1:1) enabled the trial to assess the non-inferiority of 6m (5% 1-sided significance, 85% power), defining non-inferiority as ‘no worse than 3%’ below the 12m arm’s assumed 80% 4-yr DFS. The pre-planned definitive DFS analysis required 500 events. Results: 4089 pts w.
Disruption of the IS6-AID linker affects voltage-gated calcium channel inactivation and facilitation

Voltage-gated calcium channels (Ca V s) serve as a major source of calcium infl ux in excitable cells ( Hille, 2001 ). Calcium ions have a unique biological role in that they act as both charge carriers and as chemical messengers ( Clapham, 2007 ). Thus, Ca V activity provides a vital link between membrane potential charges and stimulation of calcium-driven intracellular signaling cascades that directly affect processes such as excitation – contraction coupling, neurotransmitter release, and gene regulation ( Catterall, 2000 ). High voltage – activated channels consist of four essential components ( Van Petegem and Minor, 2006 ): a pore-forming Ca V 1 subunit from either Ca V 1 or Ca V 2 isoforms ( Catterall, 2000 ), a cytoplasmic Ca V subunit ( Dolphin, 2003 ), the transmembrane Ca V 2 subunit ( Davies et al., 2007 ), and calmodulin (CaM) ( Pitt, 2007 ). Two intracellular components of the complex, Ca V and CaM, play central roles in channel modulation processes that affect calcium infl ux. In particular, both affect channel inactivation, a generalized term for phenomena that limit channel conduction and calcium infl ux under conditions in which the channel would otherwise remain open. The two principal Ca V inactivation processes are voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI) ( Stotz et al., 2004 ;
Immunomodulatory Effect of CpG ODN-Adjuvanted Bacterin Against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in Broiler Chickens.

Bacterial oligodeoxynucleotide containing Cytosine Guanine motifs (CpG-ODN) has been reported to induce immunostimulatory activity against a variety of bacterial, viral, and protozoan infections in a wide range of vertebrate species. The objective of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent immunomodulatory effect of CpG ODN on Salmonella Enteritidis bacterin in broiler chickens. Two hundreds one-day-old broiler chicks, divided into 5 groups, were used in this study. First three groups were immunized with Salmonella Enteritidis bacterin adjuvanted with different doses of CpG ODN (50μg, 100μg and 200μg). The control groups included a group that was immunized with Salmonella Enteritidis bacterin adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide and a non-immunized group. The intestinal colonization, cellular responses, mucosal and systemic immune responses of immunized chickens was measured at different intervals, until 42 days of age. At two weeks post-immunization, 20 chicks from each group were orally challenged by Salmonella Enteritidis fresh bacterial culture (1.2x10 CFU/ml). The survival rates and the pathological changes of challenged chickens in the different groups were monitored for extra 10 days. Compared to the aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted bacterin, the CpG-ODN adjuvant bacterin induced significant protection and improved survival rate of challenged chickens. Also Salmonella Enteritidis was not recovered from the intestinal tract of vaccinated challenged groups. There was a significant dose-dependent immunostimulatory adjuvant effect of CPG-ODN on the level of secretory IgA and the induced mucosal responses. The 200-CpG ODN group showed the highest IgA response followed by 100-CpG ODN group then the 50-CpG ODN and the aluminum hydroxide groups (P < 0.05). Also, cellular interactions were remarkably reduced in the liver and intestine of CpG ODN-treated chickens. No inflammatory cellular infiltrations were seen in the liver and intestine of 200-CpG ODN treated group. In conclusion, the presented findings have shown the significant immunostimulatory effect of CpGODN and its effect on Salmonella Enteritidis bacterin in controlling Salmonella infection in broiler chickens.
Offshoring, Firm-Level Adjustment and Labor Market Outcomes

This paper contributes to the China shock debate. It studies the dynamic effects of offshoring on the unemployment rates and wage inequality across the high-skilled and low-skilled workers through the dynamics of firms’ production location and entry decisions in general equilibrium. First, I examine the dynamic effects of offshoring cost reduction due to China’s trade liberalization. Estimates from vector autoregressions (VARs) show that a decrease in offshoring costs is associated with a short-lived increase in low-skilled unemployment, but a persistent decline in high-skilled unemployment and a less persistent expansion of wage gap in the source country. Second, I build a twocountry trade-in-task model with firm heterogeneity, endogenous selection into entry and offshoring as well as search and matching fricsions to study the channels through which offshoring cost reductions affect the labor market outcomes for different skill groups over time. The model successfully reproduces the VAR evidence and highlights the importance of endogenous firm entry and labor market frictions in generating the empirical dynamic responses of wage and unemployment across different skill groups. JEL codes: F16, F23, J24, J31, J64, F41, F66
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Immediate Postoperative Hypoxemia among Elective Surgical Procedures at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background: Definition of Hypoxemia is insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood. There are different contributing risk factors for occurrence of post-operative hypoxemia which may lead to myocardial ischemia, organ dysfunction, wound infection, hospital stay and increase cost for the hospital and patient. Objectives: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of immediate post-operative hypoxemia in elective surgical procedures at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital from January 30, 2017 to March 31, 2017 G.C. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Using Systemic random sampling technique and structured questioners data was collected from sampled elective surgical patients’ age ≥ 18 that came during the 2 months period. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 computer software by investigators and transported to SPSS version 20 computer program for analysis. Variables that demonstrated a significant relationship on bivariate analysis (p-value<0.2) were included Multivariate regression analysis was applied to evaluate independent variable relationships with a dependent variable that was continuous. A p-value<0.05 was considered to represent a statistically significant relationship. Results: Among sampled 238 elective surgical patients magnitude of hypoxemia was 54 (22.7%). Frequency of hypoxemia was high in first 10 min after admission to post anesthesia care unit. The independent predictors of hypoxemia were who had Respiratory co morbidity [(AOR=8.8; CI 2.264, 34.117)] (p=0.002) and cardiothoracic surgery [AOR=4.904; CI1.385, 17.368] (p=0.014). Conclusion and recommendation: Magnitude of hypoxemia was high and so specials consideration should give co morbid diseases patients by pre-operative optimization of patient that has other factors additional to the surgical procedure.