Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PM-RAD: An Efficient Restore Algorithm in Deduplication by Pattern Matching

Deduplication is one of the most effective and efficient techniques to save memory space. It is widely used in data centers and cloud storage systems. After duplicated chunks are identified and removed, some logically consecutive chunks are physically scattered in different containers, which results in the serious fragmentation problem. The fragmentation problem inevitably leads the restore performance degraded severely. In this paper, we propose an efficient recovery algorithm by using pattern matching to boost the restore performance, which is called PM-RAD. It tries to reduce the number of contain reads by finding read patterns within a looking forwarding window. It also can merge scattered chunks and reads at once; thus it reduces the disk access times. Moreover, we optimize the proposed algorithm in two aspects, the separating caches and the cyclic pattern matching, to reduce disk accesses. During the pattern matching, we split cache into the metadata cache responsible for fingerprints and the data cache for storing chunks. The cyclic pattern matching ensures to find much longer patterns in a continuous sliding window. We implement the proposed algorithm and evaluate it by experiment with various data sets. Experimental results show that our algorithm is superior to the state-of-the-art work in terms of the restore performance.
kpeaks: An R Package for Quick Selection of K for Cluster Analysis

The argument k is a mandatory user-specified input argument for the number of clusters which is required to start all of the partitioning clustering algorithms. In unsupervised learning applications, an optimal value of this argument is generally determined by using any of the internal validity indexes. However, the determination of k with aid of these indexes are computationally very expensive because they compute a k value using the results after several runs of a clustering algorithm. On the contrary, the package ‘kpeaks’ enables to estimate k before starting a clustering session. It is based on a simple novel technique using the descriptive statistics of peak counts of the features in datasets. In this paper, we introduce and illustrate the details of R package ‘kpeaks’ as an implementation for quick selection of the number of clusters for starting cluster algorithms.
Bio-inspired Algorithm for Path Planning of Terrestrial Robot Using Aerial Images

Path Planning is one of the most important tasks in the navigation of a mobile robotics. In this paper, we focus on global path planning, Using the grid method to present the workspace. The division of the grid size is critical, the bigger the grid size it will be more accurate but it will take up a lot of time the search through the map. Otherwise, it will be very imprecise if grid size is set too small. Then we use both grid sizes, assuming we count with a high-resolution aerial image of the terrain, The A-Star algorithm is applied to the small-sized grid to find the path to the target, this minimizes the graph created by this algorithm and avoid the problem with local minimums. The result is translated to the high-resolution grid to be optimized by a bio-inspired algorithm called particle swarm optimization to finally get a free collision path. We use different fitness functions to get the smoothest path to the target.
Predicting Age & Gender of Mobile Users at Scale - A Distributed Machine Learning Approach

Democratization of information access brought about by digital distribution has resulted in two contradictory phenomena: the ability to personalize consumer experience, and greater anonymity of users. These intensify when information is consumed on mobile devices, particularly because techniques to profile users on desktop web do not work on mobile smart-devices. Yet, the already large and still fast-growing field of mobile advertising require activation of audience segments against mobile advertising campaigns. Of particular importance are age and gender segments of mobile users, as these user characteristics are required for targeting a large number of ad campaigns. To date, there are no practical methodologies available in the literature that allow for accurate identification of age and gender of mobile users, at scale.In this paper, we propose a scalable machine learning approach to infer the age and gender of mobile users. We have successfully tested and implemented the gender prediction model for 8 countries, additionally the groundwork has been laid out for implementation of age inference. The output is integrated with our commercial products, furthermore, it is used as a part of custom client deliveries. We inferred gender for more than 500 million devices and there is a notable increase in number of devices with gender label (post prediction) within our current dataset. We have also inferred age for 17 million devices in Australia.
Occupational Disorders of the Upper Extremity.

occupational disorders of the upper extremity What to say and what to do when mostly your friends love reading? Are you the one that don't have such hobby? So, it's important for you to start having that hobby. You know, reading is not the force. We're sure that reading will lead you to join in better concept of life. Reading will be a positive activity to do every time. And do you know our friends become fans of occupational disorders of the upper extremity as the best book to read? Yeah, it's neither an obligation nor order. It is the referred book that will not make you feel disappointed.
Parallel computations on the blade server at Széchenyi University - classic problem in practice

Machines with huge computational power have become gradually affordable even for researchers of the universities in Hungary. In the summer of 2009 Szechenyi University also obtained a modern blade server. Using this machine we have solved several problems, these have given us a broad spectrum survey on the benefits and complications that come from performing concurrency in practice. After a short general introduction the machine of the university is presented in this paper (hardware, access, environment of execution), followed by the classic laws of multiprocessing systems. We present and examine several interesting problems afterwards. We show, that classic theorems are applicable in the case of problems with properly big computational- and properly low communication costs. Based on empiric argumentation we propose an amendment to Amdahl's laws to consider initialization time in multiprocessing systems. Additional effects of the multiprocessing environment are presented in the second part of the article.
Efecte genotòxic del fuel del petrolier Prestige: Estudi de seguiment sis anys després de l’exposició

El petrolier Prestige (2002) es va enfonsar abocant al mar unes 65.000 tones de fuel que, dies despres, van contaminar les costes gallegues. Durant les tasques de neteja, mes de 300.000 persones van estar exposades als components genotoxics del fuel, com el benze i el benzopire. El nostre grup va realitzar un estudi genotoxic dos anys despres de l’exposicio al fuel (Prestige I), observant un augment de les alteracions cromosomiques estructurals en els individus exposats. L’associacio existent entre l’augment de les alteracions cromosomiques i el risc de desenvolupar cancer va fer que es planteges la necessitat de realitzar un estudi de seguiment (Prestige II). Aquesta tesi doctoral te com objectiu principal determinar si l’efecte genotoxic, previament detectat, persisteix sis anys despres de l’exposicio. S’han estudiat 104 pescadors gallecs, 58 exposats i 46 no exposats al fuel, amb cultius estandards de limfocits de 48 h. A mes, s’han realitzat cultius de limfocits amb afidicolina en 44 d’aquests mateixos individus, per comprovar l’existencia d’errors en la reparacio de l’ADN. Basant-nos en els resultats d’aquest treball, en els obtinguts previament (Prestige I i Prestige II cultius de 72 h) i en les comparacions realitzades entre ells, podem concloure que: a) en els estudis de seguiment nomes s’han d’incloure els individus previament analitzat, b) les lesions cromosomiques no son un bon biomarcador de genotoxicitat quan el temps transcorregut des de l’exposicio al fuel es superior a dos anys, c) el temps de cultiu no afecta a la deteccio de dany cromosomic despres de dos anys de l’exposicio, d) la frequencia d'alteracions cromosomiques estructurals en individus exposats al fuel es entre dos i tres vegades superior a la descrita en la poblacio normal, confirmant que l'efecte genotoxic persisteix sis anys despres de l'exposicio, e) l’augment d’alteracions cromosomiques en els individus no exposats suggereix que han estat sotmesos a una exposicio secundaria al fuel (aliments contaminats o residus emmagatzemats) o a algun altre agent genotoxic, que els ha fet empitjorar des del Prestige I, f) l’augment del dany detectat en individus exposats al fuel, tan en Prestige I com en Prestige II, esta associat a errors en la reparacio de l’ADN. Finalment, l’interes socio-sanitari dels nostres resultats, posa de manifest la necessitat de portar a terme estudis semblants que permetin confirmar si l’exposicio accidental al fuel incrementa el risc de desenvolupar cancer.
A Study on the evaluation of serum uric acid levels in essential hypertension at Coimbatore Medical College

BACK GROUND & OBJECTIVES : The association of raised serum uric acid levels with various cardiovascular risk factors has often led to the debate of whether raised serum uric acid levels could be an independent risk factor in essential hypertension. Hence, we carried out a study to examine the possibility of hyperuricemia causing hypertension, to see if there is a relationship between the serum uric acid levels and severity & if they had duration of hypertension. METHODOLOGY : The study was carried out in Coimbatore Medical College Hospital, the study period was of 12 months from December 2010 to November 2011. A total of 400 patients were studied of which 200 were cases and 200 were controls. The patients were included if they satisfied the JNC VII criteria for hypertension. They were excluded if they were having any other condition known to cause raised serum uric acid levels & secondary hypertension. RESULTS : The study showed that serum uric acid levels were raised in patients with hypertension in comparison to normotensives. The Mean SUA levels between cases and controls were 6.1125 ± 1.5662 and 5.6695 ± 1.3323 respectively with t-value = 3.05, pvalue = . 002441. SUA levels in the stages of hypertension showed a mean serum uric acid level in stage 1 hypertension of 5.5979 ± 1.4046 and stage 2 hypertension of 6.2750 ± 1.5836 with the t-value of 2.65 and p-value = 0.0087 which was significant. SUA level in patients with hypertension < 5 years was 5.175 ± 1.1188 and those with ≥ 5 years was 6.9779 ± 1.4175 with the t-value of 9.93 and p-value = 0.0001 which was also significant. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION : Based on the study carried out, we concluded that SUA can be used as an early biochemical marker to determine the severity and duration of hypertension.
An Alignment-Based Method for Learning Coordinate Phrases in Biomedical Abstracts

Kurohashi and Nagao’s coordination detection technique is an effective method for detecting coordinations in Japanese. Because the method involves several heuristic rules designed specifically for Japanese, these rules must be adjusted if it is to be applied to other languages and domains. In this paper, we propose a general perceptron learning model for adjusting the rules automatically to a given text collection. In order to do so, we reformulate Kurohashi and Nagao’s method in terms of sequence alignment so that adjusting the heuristic rules is reduced to the learning of the substitution matrix. Our method also allows training examples in which only the start and end of coordinate phrases are marked, reducing the cost of training example annotation. We applied the method to the detection of coordinate noun phrases in the GENIA corpus, a collection of English biomedical abstracts. Although minimal features (only surface and part-of-speech of words) were employed, we obtained a coordination detection accuracy competitive to a text chunker and Charniak’s full parser.
Technique, Variation, and Progression of the Rear-Foot-Elevated Split Squat

THE REAR-FOOT-ELEVATED SPLIT SQUAT IS A MULTIJOINT EXERCISE USED TO TRAIN THE LOWER EXTREMITY MUSCULATURE IN ALL PLANES. THE BENEFITS INCLUDE PREVENTION OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURY, IMPROVED GAIT AND SPORT PERFORMANCE, AND INCREASED MUSCLE SIZE AND STRENGTH. WITH AN ANTERIORPOSTERIOR STANCE, THE EXERCISE IS PERFORMED PRIMARILY
Exploring Personal Symbolism and Visual Metaphors through Artistic Inquiry

This paper focuses on the use and implications of using symbols in personal artwork and in the art classroom. Biological, psychological, and cultural reasons for making art with visual metaphor and personal symbolism are explained. The use of symbolism and visual metaphors in the artmaking process are discussed. Through the analysis of a series of paintings created using personal symbolism, the topic is further explored and researched. Implications and uses for the art classroom are also provided. INDEX WORDS: Symbolism, Visual Metaphor, Art Making Exploring Personal Symbols and Visual Metaphors through Artistic Inquiry
Modulation of Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Vascular Responses by PP-Fold Peptides

Earlier studies indicate that G₁ mediates enhanced renovascular responses to Ang II in SHR. The potentiation of Ang II by the G₁ pathway is blocked by pretreatment with pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of G₁. The G₁ pathway is also activated by receptors for PP-fold peptides; NPY, PYY, and PYY₃₋₃₆. Therefore, we hypothesize that in genetically predisposed models of hypertension PP-fold peptides augment renovascular responses to endogenous Ang II. Our study shows that LPNPY, an analogue of NPY selective for the Y₁ receptor, potentiates Ang II responses in SHR, but not WKY, kidneys in vitro. LPNPY'fs ability to potentiate Ang II renovascular responses is dependent on the Y₁ receptor and an intact G₁ pathway. The renal expression of Y₁ receptors is similar in SHR versus WKY. Our study also demonstrates that PYY₃₋₃₆, selective for the Y₂ receptor, potentiates renovascular responses to Ang II in SHR, but not WKY, in vitro. PYY₃₋₃₆ is dependent on an intact Y₂-G₁ pathway, and the Y₂ receptor is similarly expressed in the kidney of both strains. In comparing the PP-fold peptides, PYY is the most efficacious at potentiating Ang II-induced renovascular responses. Lower levels of these peptides have little effect on renal vasculature. Yet, these peptides are released with other G₁ coupled agonists, namely NE that acts on ∀₂-adrenoceptors. We observe a significant enhancement of Ang II-induced renal vasoconstriction with low level combinations of UK 14,304, an ∀₂-adrenoceptor agonist, and PYY/NPY. We demonstrate, in SHR, that nerve stimulation potentiates renal vasoconstrictive responses to Ang II. This interaction is dependent on an intact Y₁-G₁ pathway suggesting that NPY plays a predominate role in increasing renal vascular responses. PYY is a more potent agonist at augmenting renal vascular responses than is PYY₃₋₃₆. Blockade of the conversion of PYY to PYY₃₋₃₆ via a DPPIV inhibitor, P32/98, results in an increase in MABP in SHR. We also demonstrate that this effect is dependent on the Y₁ receptor pathway. This project demonstrates that PP-fold peptides may play a role in the etiology of genetic hypertension. This project is significant because it suggests a link between a high fat diet, sympathetic activation, and hypertension in a genetically susceptible animal.
Sur une formulation mathématique de la dérivée seconde de l'énergie potentielle en théorie de la rupture fragile

We present a new method for calculus of the second derivatives of potential energy with respect to crack length in the framework of linear elasticity, in order to analyse the stability of a cracked system. We employ for this the perturbation domain technique with Lagrange coordinate; this leads to an explicit expression of the second derivatives which is particularly well suited for numerical computation. We prove that this quantity is connected to a path independent integral Nous presentons dans cette Note la description lagrangienne de la derivee seconde de l'energie potentielle elastique par rapport aux longueurs des fissures, afin d'analyser la stabilite d'un systeme fissure. Nous utilisons pour cela la technique de perturbation de domaines, ce qui permet d'aboutir a une expression explicite de la derivee seconde, particulierement adaptee au calcul numerique. Nous demontrons ensuite l'equivalence entre cette quantite et une integrale curviligne independante du contour d'integration
Dynamic selection through gating lattices

The authors introduce the gating lattice as a parallel distributed model for adaptive sampling of visual images. A gating lattice is a parallel switch capable of dynamic gating, i.e., selecting and propagating one of several input patterns. Gating is distributed in that it is locally controlled. An example of a dynamic-selection problem is given, and the appropriate gating lattice is introduced. The equivalence of the gating lattice with the Ising lattice is specified. Simulations have led to the conclusion that gating lattices form an adequate substrate for models of visual attention. <<ETX>>
RcppMsgPack: MessagePack Headers and Interface Functions for R

MessagePack, or MsgPack for short, or when referring to the implementation, is an efficient binary serialization format for exchanging data between different programming languages. The RcppMsgPack package provides R with both the MessagePack C++ header files, and the ability to access, create and alter MessagePack objects directly from R. The main driver functions of the R interface are two functions msgpack_pack and msgpack_unpack. The function msgpack_pack serializes R objects to a raw MessagePack message. The function msgpack_unpack de-serializes MessagePack messages back into R objects. Several helper functions are available to aid in processing and formatting data including msgpack_simplify, msgpack_format and msgpack_map.
Ascites: Treatment, Complications, and Prognosis

Ascites is the most common complication in patients with cirrhosis. It can lead to several life-threatening complications resulting in a poor long-term survival outcome. Ascites is due to the loss of compensatory mechanism to maintain effective arterial blood volume sec - ondary to splanchnic arterial vasodilatation in the progression of liver disease and portal hypertension. Refractory ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), hyponatremia, and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) are complications that can occur with ascites, all of them leading to a worse quality of life and short-term mortality. When complication appears, liver transplantation as a definitive and curative treatment should be considered. Other common therapeutical approaches to control ascites such as diet, sodium restriction, or the use of diuretics are needed to avoid these complications, although some patients will require further treatments when ascites becomes refractory to standard treatment. This chapter will review the complex treatment of ascites, and its related complications.
A Practical Algorithm for Spatial Agglomerative Clustering

We study an agglomerative clustering problem motivated by visualizing disjoint glyphs (represented by geometric shapes) centered at specific locations on a geographic map. As we zoom out, the glyphs grow and start to overlap. We replace overlapping glyphs by one larger merged glyph to maintain disjointness. Our goal is to compute the resulting hierarchical clustering efficiently in practice. A straightforward algorithm for such spatial agglomerative clustering runs in On 2 log n time, where n is the number of glyphs. This is not efficient enough for many real-world datasets which contain up to tens or hundreds of thousands of glyphs. Recently the theoretical upper bound was improved to Onα(n) log 7 n time [10], where α(n) is the extremely slow growing inverse Ackermann function. Although this new algorithm is asymptotically much faster than the naive algorithm, from a practical point of view, it does not perform better for n ≤ 10 6 . In this paper we present a new agglomerative clustering algorithm which works efficiently in practice. Our algorithm relies on the use of quadtrees to speed up spatial computations. Interestingly, even in non-pathological datasets we can encounter large glyphs that intersect many quadtree cells and that are involved in many clustering events. We therefore devise a special strategy to handle such large glyphs. We test our algorithm on several synthetic and real-world datasets and show that it performs well in practice.
Prevalence Of Dental Caries, Socio-Economic Status And Treatment Needs Among 5 To 15 Year Old School Going Children Of Chidambaram Prevalence Of Dental Caries, Socio-Economic Status And Treatment Needs Among 5 To 15 Year Old School Going Children Of Chidambaram

Dental caries is a disease with multifactorial causes. The prevalence and incidence of dental caries in a population is influenced by a number of risk factor such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, dietary patterns and oral hygiene habits. Thus the present study was designed to assess the prevalence of dental caries in school children in Chidambaram between 5-15 age groups.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 2362 children, 1258 were boys and 1104 were girls. A total of 7 schools were selected. Trained Dental Surgeon was involved in the examining and the children were examined according to the Dentition status and Treatment Needs, WHO oral health assessment 1987.Results: Off all the three groups, group II (9-11yrs old) should high percentage of caries. In total, dental caries were observed in 1484(63.83%) of study population. The mean (+SD) value of dmft/DMFT of all groups, the decayed teeth accounted for the greatest percentage. In all 80.4%of the student belongs low socio-economic group has showed dental caries . Restoration was the most required treatment in all three groups which was follow by pulp therapy.Conclusion: The result of this study is a pointer to the fact that there still exist a large segment of the population who continue to remain ignorant about the detriment effects of poor oral health and the multiple benefits enjoyed from good oral health.
Multi-scale sifting for mammographic mass detection and segmentation

Breast mass detection and segmentation are challenging tasks due to the fact that breast masses vary in size and appearance. In this work, we present a simultaneous detection and segmentation scheme for mammographic lesions that is constructed in a sifting architecture. It utilizes a novel region candidate selection approach and cascaded learning techniques to achieve state-of-the-art results while handling a high class imbalance. The region candidates are generated by a novel multi-scale morphological sifting (MMS) approach, where oriented linear structuring elements are used to sieve out the mass-like objects in mammograms including stellate patterns. This method can accurately segment masses of various shapes and sizes from the background tissue. To tackle the class imbalance problem, two different ensemble learning methods are utilized: a novel self-grown cascaded random forests (CasRFs) and the random under-sampling boost (RUSBoost). The CasRFs is designed to handle class imbalance adaptively using a probability-ranking based under-sampling approach, while RUSBoost uses a random under-sampling technique. This work is evaluated on two publicly available datasets: INbreast and DDSM BCRP. On INbreast, the proposed method achieves an average sensitivity of 0.90 with 0.9 false positives per image (FPI) using CasRFs and with 1.2 FPI using RUSBoost. On DDSM BCRP, the method yields a sensitivity of 0.81 with 3.1 FPI using CasRFs and with 2.9 FPI using RUSboost. The performance of the proposed method compares favorably to the state-of-the-art methods on both datasets, especially on highly spiculated lesions.