Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of different forage-containing rations on metabolic parameters and milk yield in the peripartum of Holstein cows

To evaluate the forage effects on performance and metabolic parameters, 24 Holsteins were randomly fed one of the diets containing a forage mixture with majority of alfalfa hay (AH), alfalfa silage (AS), or corn silage (CS) during the peripartum period. Milk production and dry ma�er intake (DMI) were recorded daily; body weight (BW) was measured and blood/urine samples were collected on day –21, 1, and 15 relative to parturition. The diets did not affect prepartum and postpartum BW changes and milk production. During the prepartum, DMI for cows fed hay was higher than for cows fed silages. During the postpartum, DMI was the highest for cows fed diet AH, followed by cows fed diets CS and AS. The diets did not affect serum glucose, Ca, P, and K concentrations. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration for cows fed diet CS was lower than for cows fed diet AS. Cows fed diet AH had the highest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Serum cation-anion difference (SCAD) for cows fed AS was lower than for cows fed CS. Serum Ca concentration was not correlated with SCAD and ALP values, but Ca : P ratio was negatively correlated with serum K concentration. The diets did not influence urine pH and urine cationanion difference (UCAD) value. Urine Ca concentration and Ca : P ratio for cows fed CS were higher than those for cows fed AS. Urine pH was positively correlated with urine K concentration and UCAD value. In conclusion, the forage type did not affect prepartum performance. Silage, regardless of the kind, was advantageous over hay during the postpartum.
Effect of Boost Simulated Session on CPR Competency among Nursing Students: A Pilot Study

Effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation effort can lead to saving lives. This skill is especially important to nursing practice. The aim of this quasi-experimental, control group, pilot study was to measure the effect of boost training session supported by simulation on the retention of CPR knowledge and skills in 40 nursing students. Participants attended a pretest, 3-hour workshop CPR then completed posttest I. The experimental group attended simulation-supported boost training at week six. Findings indicated that the experimental group achieved significant improvement in CPR procedure compared with the control group in posttest II. Boost training sessions using simulation facilitate learning CPR knowledge and skills. This teaching strategy may apply on other competencies requiring both psychomotor and cognitive engagement. Keywords : Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, boost session, simulation, nursing students.
Near shore beach volume modeling approach for setting beach bacteria TMDLs: A case study, Hickory Grove Lake, Iowa

A novel approach to set bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) using a Near-Shore Beach Volume (NSBV) model was described along with recommendations for design of a monitoring network to support this method. Sources of fecal bacteria in the Hickory Grove Lake watershed include unpermitted septic systems, manure applications in the watershed, livestock access to streams, waterfowl, and wildlife. The Lake Inlet, Lake Outlet, and Lake Beach were monitored for E. coli concentrations from 2010-2012, this monitoring data was used to assess relationships between watershed bacteria loads and the beach bacteria levels. Fecal bacteria from waterfowl were identified as the major source to the Lake Beach causing the water quality impairment. The bacteria TMDL for the Hickory Grove Lake beach was set at 1.87E+11 orgs/day for the single sample maximum target and 1.01E+11 orgs/day for the geometric mean target, which correlates to the presence of fewer than five resident geese. Monitoring recommendations to support this approach include weekly beach water quality monitoring and post-event sampling; periodic spatial sampling of the lake; weekly and post-event grab sampling of the water quality at the lake inlet mixing zones; and weekly and post-event grab sampling of the water quality at the lake outlet.
Effects of Rotenone on Columbia Spotted Frogs Rana luteiventris during Field Applications in Lentic Habitats of Southwestern Montana

Abstract Fisheries managers are restoring native populations by removing nonnative fishes worldwide. Increasingly, the piscicide rotenone is used to accomplish this. Fish introductions and removals change the aquatic environment, and it is important to consider the impacts of these actions on nontarget species, including amphibians. Laboratory experiments have shown that rotenone can negatively affect tadpoles. We therefore assessed the effects of rotenone used on two wild amphibian populations. The commercial piscicide formulation CFT Legumine (5% rotenone) was applied at 1 mg/L (50 μg/L rotenone) to a lake containing nonnative trout in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) in 2006 and two fishless wetlands on private lands in southwestern Montana in 2008. Amphibian surveys were conducted immediately prior to and after the rotenone treatments to obtain tadpole population estimates. Follow-up surveys were conducted 1 year posttreatment to estimate tadpole recovery. In YNP, additional surveys were conducted 2 an.
INDIAN ENERGY SCENARIO AND METHODS FOR REDUCING ELECTRICITY BILL IN RESIDENTIAL SECTOR

This paper presents the Indian electricity scenario and growth of electricity usage in the residential sector. Till 31 st March 2013 it was 21.79% of total electricity consumption, i.e. 852,902 GWh, which represents 2 nd largest share of total electricity use as compared to industrial, commercial, traction, agricultural and miscellaneous load. The growth of electricity usage in any country shows the growth of country, but at the same time it increases the monetary expense on electricity. To reduce the monetary expense on electric bill a concept of smart home is introduced. Secondly, it discussed the case study of 2BHK house with a detail survey. Calculation of electrical loads (watts) in the house is tabulated to calculate the total electrical load. It shows the number of units consumed by survey and by load serving entity is approximately same. To reduce the electricity bill few suggestions are incorporated. It focused on each and every parameter in the electric bill calculation to reduce it. A novel idea of implementing a smart home through renewable source like solar system and calculation of solar panel as per requirement is also presented to emphasize its feasibility and reliability even at the micro level. Also, it gives brief idea of standby power (vampire power) and preventive majors to reduce it.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ADOPTED BY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION CERTIFIED AND NON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION CERTIFIED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA A MANAGEMENT RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRE

The adoption of International Organization for Standardization certification requires that certain standards be maintained in the management of human resources. The Kenyan banking sector has become so competitive following the aggressive entry of more commercial banks. As such, human capital has turned out to be an important competitive tool in the banking sector that calls for proper management practices for these resources to ensure sustained bank competitive advantage (Anyango, 2010). The research objective was to compare human resource management practices adopted by International Organization for Standardization certified and Non International Organization for Standardization certified commercial banks in Kenya. This study used cross-sectional descriptive survey design. The population of this study was comprised of all commercial banks in Kenya. There are 43 commercial banks in Kenya. The respondents were human resource managers of the commercial banks in Kenya. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. International Organization for Standardization certification enables commercial banks to adopt human resource management practices. The findings concludes that there is a significant difference between firms with and without International Organization for Standardization 9000 certification with respect to the human resource management practices. The study recommends that commercial banks should seek International Organization for Standardization certification as it was found that it has great effect on adoption of human resource management practices.
Getting Interventions Right: How South Korea and Taiwan Grew Rich

Most explanations of Korea's and Taiwan's economic growth since the early 1960s place heavy emphasis on export orientation. However, it is difficult to see how export orientation could have played a significant causal role in these countries' growth. The measured increase in the relative profitability of exports during the 1960s is too insignificant to account for the phenomenal export boom that ensued. Moreover, exports were initially too small to have a significant effect on aggregate economic performance. A more plausible story focuses on the investment boom that took place in both countries. In the early 1960s both economies had an extremely well- educated labor force relative to their physical capital stock, rendering the latent return to capital quite high. By subsidizing and coordinating investment decisions, government policy managed to engineer a significant increase in the private return to capital. An exceptional degree of equality in income and wealth helped by rendering government intervention effective and keeping it free of rent seeking. The outward orientation of the economy was the result of the increase in demand for imported capital goods.
Surveying the Relationship between Legal and Financial Misstatement and Revision of Loss and Profit Figures in Governmental Companies

High volume of accounting scandals in recent years has led to a loss of public trust in corporations and organizations have been audited. All these scandals have been associated with restatement of financial statements. In another words, all bankrupted companies in recent years have done financial restatement. In most cases, restatement of financial statements indicate a problem with the internal control system and corporate governance in companies which their reputation and values have been damaged in market and even in some cases it has been led to bankrupt them.
A tool to support project time evaluation

The paper describes the development of a tool to support the project management process. The developed application enables project managers to estimate completion time for process of creation of CAD models. Application use real data retrieved from PLM system about previous projects so more accurate time could be make. The developed application was embrace by the project managers as the very valuable tool.
Comparisons Between Spice-Oriented Harmonic Balance Method and Volterra Series Method

There is disclosed a shroud and housing assembly which is attached to or forms an integral part of the front sidewall of a hands-free telephone subset. The shroud assembly contains a trough which is directed along the length thereof and which terminates at one end in a housing for a microphone or similar device. The shroud has a flanged wall integrally secured to the microphone housing for accommodating an electret condenser microphone. The shroud section is further supported by means of upstanding posts which are connected to the sides of the or flange by means of thin webs. The posts and webs act to strengthen the housing while further providing support to prevent undesired vibrations which emanate from a loudspeaker contained within the subset housing from coupling to the accommodated microphone. The reinforced housing minimizes the coupling of mechanical borne vibrations between the subsets loudspeaker and the microphone. Partial slots are also placed around the outer edge of the shroud about the area which contains the microphone housing. These slots have little or no effect on acoustic signals arriving from the front of the subset but signals arriving from the rear enter both the slots and the front cavity opening. In this manner, the microphone discriminates against certain sounds which are cancelled out while preserving the unidirectional characteristics of the microphone.
Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia

Emerging and on-going research indicates that vulnerabilities to impacts of climate change are gendered. Still, policy approaches aimed at strengthening local communities’ adaptive capacity largely fail to recognize the gendered nature of everyday realities and experiences. This paper interrogates some of the emerging evidence in selected semi-arid countries of Africa and Asia from a gender perspective, using water scarcity as an illustrative example. It emphasizes the importance of moving beyond the counting of numbers of men and women to unpacking relations of power, of inclusion and exclusion in decision-making, and challenging cultural beliefs that have denied equal opportunities and rights to differently positioned people, especially those at the bottom of economic and social hierarchies. Such an approach would make policy and practice more relevant to people’s differentiated needs and responses.
Determinants and Effects of Post-Migration Education Among New Immigrants in Canada

This study investigates post-migration educational investment among newly arrived immigrants and examines the effect of post-migration education on new immigrantsâ€™ labour market integration, as measured by earnings and occupational status. The results indicate that younger immigrants who are already well educated, fluent in English or French and worked in a professional or managerial occupation prior to migration are most likely to enroll in Canadian education. But, acceptance of previous work experience by Canadian employers lowers the likelihood of enrolling in further education. Financial capital was not found to affect participation in post-migration education. Those immigrants who did enroll in post-migration education enjoyed an earnings advantage and were more likely to work in a professional or managerial job. The effect of post-migration education was greater for immigrants whose previous work experience was not accepted in Canada.
Anisotropy in the center of the inner core

We have assembled a collection of PKP data from broadband records of the Geoscope network. This collection is unique because, for the first time, it includes polar paths at epicentral distances between 172° and 177°, for which PKPDF samples the central part of the inner core. After Hilbert transforming the DF branch, the waveforms of PKPAB and PKPDF usually become very similar, and we measure differential travel times with an accuracy of a fraction of a second. The differential (AB-DF) times for equatorial paths are close to those predicted by PREM, whereas for the polar paths, they are larger by 3 to 6 sec. Absolute DF times confirm that the effect is primarily in the inner core. These observations are compatible with a model of cylindrical anisotropy in the inner core with the axis of symmetry aligned with the Earth's spin axis and an amplitude of 3.5%. They require that the anisotropy extend to the central part of the inner core, confirming extrapolations made by Creager (1992) and ruling out models where anisotropy is confined to the outer 300 km of the inner core (Tromp, 1993).
Understanding Volcanoes May Be the Key to Controlling Global Warming

Volcanoes are the primary source of gases in the earth’s atmosphere and have been the primary cause of short-period climate change throughout geologic history. The large eruption of Pinatubo volcano in 1991 added ~17 Mt (megatons) sulfur dioxide (SO 2) primarily to the lower stratosphere where it spread rapidly around the world, forming an aerosol that scattered sunlight, cooling the earth ~0.5 o C for ~3 years, decreasing precipitation, decreasing concentrations of the hydroxyl radical, ozone, and carbon dioxide while increasing concentrations of methane and carbon monoxide. Temperatures in the lower stratosphere increased ~3o C. All of these changes were initiated primarily by adding merely 3.4 ppb (parts per billion) SO 2 to the atmosphere. In 1783, the larger but less explosive Laki fissure volcano added 122 Mt SO 2 primarily to the troposphere that led to a “dry fog” over Europe and western Asia for three months with average concentrations of ~60 ppb SO 2 . This haze caused widespread respiratory problems and acid damage to vegetation, leading to famine and the death of more than 40,000 people. When this haze was present, temperatures near the earth’s surface increased up to 3.3o C above normal during the day but were unseasonably cold at night. The daytime warming is best explained by the fact that SO 2 is a strong absorber of ultraviolet solar energy in the UV-A and UV-B wavelengths. By 1979, humans burning fossil fuels were emitting a similar 122 Mt SO 2 into the troposphere every ten months, 150 Mt each year. Constant emissions led to measured concentrations in 1980 of 4 to 20 ppb SO 2 in the United States and up to 93 ppb in some cities in China. The effects on climate of ultraviolet heating of such concentrations of SO 2 are not included in global climate models used widely to understand global warming. When anthropogenic emissions of sulfur were decreased 18% between 1979 and 2000 in an effort to reduce acid rain, the rapid rise in global temperatures and concentrations of methane that had prevailed for many decades approached zero by 1998. Temperatures for the past decade have remained relatively constant while the concentration of carbon dioxide continues to increase rapidly. Understanding how volcanoes have initiated abrupt climate change over the eons suggests ways for us to understand global warming during the last century and to mitigate global warming in the future.
Cyclic-union operation to obtain latin squares

With the power that has taken the information technologies, one has developed the study and research about cryptography, and cryptanalysis, in which Latin squares are ideal candidates for being used in cryptographic systems because the Cayley tables of the finite groups are Latin squares. This fact has awakened a new interest in the study of Latin squares by applying them to the study of code theory and error correcting codes. They also play a significant role in the statistical theory of experimental design. In this work, we develop an algorithm for the generation of Latin squares based on the cyclic-union operation defined for effect
EFFECT OF DIAMOND PASTE FINISHING ON AFM SURFACE TEXTURE PARAMETERS AND TOPOGRAPHY OF DENTAL NANOCOMPOSITES POLISHED BY TWO DIFFERENT PROCEDURES

Commercially available and the most widely used oral bionanomaterials in dental practice are resin-based composites containing oxide nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diamond paste finishing on AFM surface texture parameters of dental nanocomposites polished by two different dental polishing protocols. Representative dental resin-based nanofilled and nanohybrid composite were tested in this study. The samples were polished by two dental polishing protocols using multi-step and one-step system. These protocols were than followed by diamond paste polishing. Samples were examined by Veeco di CP-II Atomic Force Microscope, in contact mode with CONT20A-CP tips. Average roughness (Ra) and maximum peak-to-valley distance (Rp-v) were analyzed and compared between samples. Multi-step polishing protocol produced significantly lower Ra and Rpv values, for both tested materials, than one-step polishing protocol, even when it was followed by diamond paste polishing.
Alteration of gene expression in microvascular endothelial cells after exposure to foot-and-mouth disease virus 146S antigen

To investigate the global response of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) to foot-and-mouth (FMDV)disease vaccine (FMDV) antigen and to explore the role of MVECs in FMD vaccine immunity, the gene expression alterations of rat myocardium microvascular endothelial cells (RMMVECs) after stimulation with FMD virus (FMDV) 146S antigen were assayed using cDNA microarrays. We observed that 18 genes and 67 genes in RMMVECs were respectively altered by FMDV 146S antigen at 6 h and 24 h, respectively. The former were all up-regulated genes, and the latter included 60 up-regulated genes and 7 down-regulated genes. Among the differentially expressed genes, many were associated to immune response, such as the genes encoding chemokines, interleukins, complement components, and adhesion molecules. In particular, the chemokine genes had the greatest numbers and significant expression ratios. A part of the altered genes with immune function was validated by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The influence of FMDV 146S antigen on the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1 by RMMVECs was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was identified by immunocytochemistry. The results indicated that the FMDV 146S antigen induces the changes of immune-associated genes in RMMVECs, which suggests that MVECs play an important role in modulating how the innate immune system responds to FMD vaccine.
Kangaroo-vehicle collisions in Australia's sheep rangelands, during and following drought periods.

The effects of roads on wildlife behaviour and ecological function are poorly known in arid Australia. The most obvious impact is roadkill from wildlife-vehicle collisions. Therefore we collected statistics on kangaroo-vehicle collisions, investigated the causal factors of these collisions, and related roadkill mortality to the population structure, size and distribution of four kangaroo species in two intensive six month studies during and following drought. The research was conducted along a 21.2 km sealed section of the Silver City Highway between Broken Hill and Tibooburra that passes through the University of New South Wales (NSW) Arid Zone Research Station at ‘Fowlers Gap’ in north-western NSW. The rate of roadkill was higher during drought (20.8 roadkills month-1) than non-drought (2.6 roadkills month-1). Affected species were red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), euros (Macropus robustus erubescens), western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). During drought, M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus were killed in lower proportions than their proportion in the source population, otherwise species were killed in proportion to their density along the road. There were no sex biases but male M. r. erubescens were much more likely to be beside the road than females and thus were killed more often during drought. The majority of roadkills were young individuals around 2 years old. Curves and stockraces along the road significantly increased the likelihood of roadkills. Likewise the frequency of roadkills was a function of the kangaroo population density along the road, night time traffic volume, low rainfall and higher vegetation cover and greenness along the road relative to surrounding areas. We evaluate the relationships between these causal factors and kangaroovehicle collisions, and discuss the possible effects of these collisions on kangaroo population structure under drought and post-drought conditions.