Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the Audit Theory Based on Identification of Its Institutional Paradigm

The article deals with the development of the theory of audit based on the proof of the hypothesis that the institutional paradigm of audit exists. The process of changing the paradigm of audit science is substantiated. Institutional theory of audit based on the works of foreign authors from the United States, Great Britain, Pakistan, the Netherlands, Libya, Malaysia. The design of the institutional approach of audit research, which includes three areas: philosophical, methodological and institutional analysis, is expanded. The conceptual structural scheme of the audit institution based on the system methodology of G. B. Kleiner, taking into account the established limitations, is presented. The scientific provisions of the institute of audit as an object, environment, process and project are substantiated. Keywords— audit; institutional approach; institutional paradigm of audit; evolution of the research of auditing; auditing problems; new institutional theory of auditing; structure of the audit institution; conceptual framework of audit institution, audit institution as an object, environment, process and project. I. PROBLEM STATEMENT The set of methodological approaches to audit research gives grounds to believe that there is a process of paradigm change in the economic science of audit, the essence of which is "recognized by all scientific achievements, which for a certain time give the scientific community a model of problem statement and their solutions" (T. Kun, 1977. P. 11) [1]. The paradigm in the methodology of science is associated with the initial conceptual scheme, the model of problem statement and ways of solving them, research methods, values, technical skills and means that prevail during a particular historical period in the scientific community and have become a scientific tradition. The paradigm allows to clarify, recognize, develop and specify the essence of things and situations. The "paradigm theory" formulates the problem, guarantees "the existence of a certain solution", but also requires efforts aimed at "the development of the paradigm" (T. Kun, 1977. P. 50) [1]. By classifying experimental activities, T. Kuhn highlights "the empirical work that is undertaken to develop a paradigm theory in order to resolve some remaining ambiguities. " (T. Kun, 1977. P. 49) [1]. The conclusion of T. Kun that "the formation of the paradigm and the emergence of a more esoteric type of research on its basis is a sign of maturity of any scientific discipline" (T. Kun, 1977. P. 30) [1]. According to Kun, the concept of the development of science is a change of paradigms, while there are signs of the pre – revolutionary situation in science. In our opinion, these features are presented in the modern audit. The purpose of the study is to identify the institutional paradigm of audit and on this basis to develop its theory. II. "OTHER KNOWLEDGE" ABOUT AUDITING KNOWN
An Abelian Theorem for Completely Monotone Functions

When an average is taken over any completely monotone function using Poisson weights, the result is asymptotically equal to the completely monotone function evaluated at the Poisson mean. Let N be a Poisson random variable with rate EN. Then if f is any function completely monotone on [0, ∞), we show that E[f(N)] = f(EN) + O(EN.f ′′ (EN)) EN → ∞ . For completely monotone functions that do not decay too rapidly (e.g., regularly varying functions), the error term will be of the order of f (EN)/EN. An application is given to the expectation of random extremes. Let Z (n) denote the maximum of n independent random variables each with the distribution of Z. Since it can be shown that EZ (n) /n is completely monotone for any random variable Z with finite expectation, it follows that EN[EZZ (N)] = EZ (EN) + o(1) EN → ∞ , where EN and EZ represent expectations with respect to the d.f. of N and Z respectively.
Consequences of Vertebral Deformities in Older Men and Women

The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of the number and severity of vertebral deformities in elderly people and determine the extent to which these are associated with several aspects of functioning. The study was conducted in a subsample of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) consisting of 527 participants (260 men and 267 women), aged 65 years or over. Lateral radiographs of the spine (T4‐L5) were made of each participant and a semiquantitative method was used to assess the number and degree of vertebral deformities. The prevalence of having at least one vertebral deformity was 39% in both men and women. Six percent of the men and 5% of the women had at least three vertebral deformities. For severe deformities, the prevalence was 8% in men and 12% in women. The number of vertebral deformities was significantly associated with a height loss of more than 5 cm, difficulties in activities of daily living, poor performance, more than 3 days in bed and more than 3 days with limited activities because of health problems in the past month, and poor self‐perceived health. For most of these outcome measures, associations were strongest when three or more deformities were present. The presence of a severe deformity was associated with a height loss of more than 5 cm, poor performance, more than 3 days with limited activities in the past month, and poor self‐perceived health. None of the associations between number and severity of vertebral deformities and the level of functioning was modified by sex. We can conclude that vertebral deformities are very common in both older men and older women and that vertebral deformities, even if they are not clinically manifest, have a substantial impact on the level of functioning and well‐being of older people.
Pengaruh Nilai Pelanggan, Kepuasan Nasabah, Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Relationship Marketing Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah (Studi Kasus Pada Nasabah Bank Jabar Banten Syariah Kcp. Ciputat)

vii ABSTRAK . viii KATA PENGANTAR . ix DAFTAR ISI . xii DAFTAR TABEL. xv DAFTAR GAMBAR . xviii BAB I PENDAHULUAN . 1 A. Latar Belakang . 1 B. Perumusan Masalah . 9 C. Tujuan Penelitian . 9 D. Manfaat Penelitian . 10 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA . 12 A. Kerangka Teoritis . 12 1. Pemasaaran Jasa . 12 2. Pemasaran Bank Syariah . 13 3. Perilaku Konsumen Dalam Kontek Jasa . 15 4. Nilai Pelanggan . 16 5. Kepuasan Nasabah . 22 xiii 6. Kualitas Pelayanan . 27 7. Relationship Marketing . 29 8. Loyalitas Nasabah . 34 B. Penelitian Terdahulu. 50 C. Kerangka Berfikir Teoritis . 56 D. Hipotesis . 58 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN . 63 A. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian . 63 B. Metode Penelitian Sampel . 63 C. Penelitian Data. 65 D. Metode Analisis Data . 67 1. Uji Kualitas Data . 68 a. Uji Validitas . 68 b. Uji Realibilitas . 68 2. Uji Asumsi Klasik . 69 a. Uji Normalitas . 69 b. Uji Multikolonieritas . 70 c. Uji Heteroskedastisitas . 70 3. Uji Hipotesis . 71 a. Uji Koefisien Determinasi . 72 b. Uji F . 73 c. Uji t . 73 4. Analisis Regresi Berganda . 74 E. Indentifikasi dan definis Operasional Variabel Penelitian . 76 1. Variabel Independen . 76 2. Variabel Dependen . 77 BAB IV ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN . 81 A. Gambaran Objek Penelitian . 81 1. Sejarah Singkat Bank BJB Syariah . 81 2. Visi dan Misi Bank BJB Syariah . 83 3. Struktur Organisasi . 83 xiv 4. Produk Penghimpun Dana . 84 B. Analisis Deskriptif . 86 1. Penyebaran Kuisioner. 86 2. Deskripsi Responden . 86 C. Hasil Uji Data Penelitian . 90 1. Hasil Uji Statistik Deskriptif . 90 a. Variabel Independen . 90 1) Variabel Nilai Pelanggan . 90 2) Variabel Kepuasan Nasabah . 96 3) Variabel Kualitas Pelayanan . 101 4) Variabel Relationship Marketing . 111 b. Variabel Dependen . 115 1) Variabel Loyalitas Nasabah . 115 2. Analisis Data . 120 a. Uji Validitas . 120 b. Uji Reliabilitas . 124 3. Uji Asumsi Klasik . 125 a. Uji Normalitas . 125 b. Uji Multikolonieritas . 127 c. Uji Heteroskedastitas . 129 4. Uji Hipotesis . 131 a. Uji t (parsial) . 131 b. Uji F (Simultan) . 133 c. Uji Koefisien Determinasi . 134 5. Uji Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda . 135 6. Interpretasi Hasil. 137 BAB V PENUTUP . 141 A. Kesimpulan . 141 B. Saran . 142 DAFTAR PUSTAKA . 144 LAMPIRAN . 149
COVID-19-related Fake News in Social Media

This study analyzes N=125 prominent fake news related to the COVID-19 pandemic spread in social media from 29 January to 11 April 2020. The five parameters of the analysis are themes, content types, sources, coverage, and intentions. First, the six major themes of fake news are health, religiopolitical, political, crime, entertainment, religious, and miscellaneous. Health-related fake news (67.2%) dominates the others. Second, the seven types of fake news contents have four main types: text, photo, audio and video, and three combined types: text & photo; text & video; and text & photo & video. More fake news takes the forms of text & video (47.2%), while the main types of content are less popular. Third, the two main sources of fake news are online media and mainstream media, where online-produced fake news (94.4%) prevails. Fourth, the main two types of coverages are international and national, and more fake news has an international connection (54.4%). Fifth, the intention of fake news has three types: positive, negative, and unknown. Most of the COVID-19-related fake news is negative (63.2%). Although fake news cases are unevenly distributed and repeatedly fluctuates during the period, a slow decrease of daily cases is noticed toward the end.
Factor VIIa Induces Tissue Factor-dependent Up-regulation of Interleukin-8 in a Human Keratinocyte Line*

Tissue factor (TF), a transmembrane receptor for the serine protease coagulation factor VII(a) (FVIIa), is the main initiator of the coagulation cascade. Through incompletely elucidated mechanisms, TF serves additional functions in tumor-associated angiogenesis and metastasis. We have studied interleukin-8 (IL-8) as a possible link between TF-FVIIa complex formation and subsequent processes. Recombinant human FVIIa induced the up-regulation of both IL-8 mRNA and protein in a FVIIa dose- and time-dependent fashion. A neutralizing antibody to TF reduced this induction by 93 ± 5%. Active site-inhibited FVIIa had no stimulatory effect and completely blocked that of FVIIa. This confirms that the increased IL-8 production was dependent on the formation of TF-FVIIa complexes and the proteolytic activity of FVIIa. The IL-8 promoter contains DNA binding sites for nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). In response to FVIIa, the DNA binding activity of both NF-κB and AP-1 was enhanced in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In addition, theIL-8 promoter was transcriptionally activated both in a luciferase reporter system and a nuclear run-off assay. Moreover, IL-8 mRNA stability was significantly enhanced by FVIIa-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38. Taken together, TF-FVIIa signaling induced increased transcription as well as mRNA stabilization leading to the significant up-regulation of IL-8 protein synthesis.
Sedation Protocol During Bevacizumab Intravitreal Injection in Preterm Infants With Retinopathy of Prematurity.

OBJECTIVES This study describes outcomes of intravenous (IV) analgesics and sedatives for bedside intravitreal bevacizumab injections for retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS This retrospective study included infants receiving intravitreal bevacizumab injections between January 2012 and May 2016. Infants were excluded if bevacizumab was administered under general anesthesia or for incomplete records. Data collection included demographics, sedation and analgesia regimen, and cardiopulmonary adverse events (AEs). The primary objective was to identify the median doses of the IV analgesics and sedatives. The secondary objectives included the number of patients with cardiopulmonary AEs and those with procedure success, defined as procedure completion without interruption and absence of interventions. RESULTS Fifteen infants were included. Fourteen (93.3%) were initiated on a fentanyl infusion at a median of 2 mcg/kg/hr (IQR, 2-3.6), and 12 (80%) received midazolam infusions at a median of 0.06 mg/kg/hr. All patients received at least 1 IV neuromuscular blocker dose just prior to the procedure. Only 2 patients (13.3%) required an increase in their fentanyl or midazolam infusions. Procedure success was achieved in 13 patients (86.7%). Five patients (33.3%) experienced 1 cardiopulmonary AE. One patient (6.7%) had a delay in the procedure, and 1 patient (6.7%) required naloxone. Despite this, the procedure was completed in all patients. CONCLUSIONS Most received fentanyl and midazolam infusions with a dose of vecuronium just prior to the procedure. Thirteen (86.7%) met the criteria for procedure success. One-third experienced a cardiopulmonary AE. Future studies are needed to identify the optimal agents and route of administration for this procedure.
Where Hong Kong goes other parts of Asia follow.

Where Hong Kong goes other parts of Asia follow. In March this year the Hong Kong government launched proposals on health care reform, which highlight the important role of primary care services in developing a more efficient, effective and sustainable health care system. Meeting the challenges of chronic disease management, inequalities and public health will require transformational change in primary health care and the way that professionals work together. With perfect timing to coincide with the government policy announcement, and in tune with the spirit of collaboration the departments of Pharmacy, Nursing and Public Health at the Chinese University of Hong Kong organized a successful conference on ‘‘Primary Care: A Symphonic Approach’’. Using the metaphor of an orchestral symphony may not be entirely original in helping health care professionals think about the need to listen to the whole as well as the individual harmonies played on each instrument. However, the difference at this conference was that doctors, pharmacists and students actually performed the wonderful opening music. A great start and visible representation of how playing music together can help to clarify our thinking about working together. It will be very interesting to understand more as the reforms unfold in Hong Kong and unlock the collaborative potential in health and social care disciplines, for example pharmacy, nursing and medical practice. In this issue of the Journal of Interprofessional Care it is interesting to see papers that examine collaboration in relation to different health challenges such as stroke and orthopaedics. Baxter’s paper quotes from Hall (2005) that we need to increase our understanding of how professionals may be ‘‘looking at the same thing, but not seeing the same thing’’. Expanding our knowledge of how ‘‘seeing differently’’ varies according to different health care contexts, patient expectations and needs is an important contribution that this Journal makes to building the evidence that supports collaboration as a strategy in effective health care management. We are interested in seeing more of this kind of research.
Fitting Gompertz Nonlinear Mixed Model to Infancy Growth Data with SAS version 8 Procedure NLMIXED

Nonlinear mixed models are an attractive way to describe longitudinal infancy growth data. SAS 8 Procedure NLMIXED [1] provides an easy way to fit the infancy growth data with a non-linear mixed model. In this paper, the longitudinal length measurements on 113 boys and 85 girls taken between 0 and 8 months of age were fit with a mixed Gompertz model using SAS PROC NLMIXED. The model was built starting with fitting the individual curves using PROC NLIN [2]. Then, the non-linear mixed models with one, two, and three random effects were fit to the data using PROC NLMIXED. The performance of PROC NLMIXED was excellent – good convergence was achieved for all models. Easy ways to output predicted individual growth and velocity curves, as well as population curves, and estimate additional parameters, make the procedure convenient to work with.
Novel Pathway for Alcoholic Fermentation of δ-Gluconolactone in the Yeast Saccharomyces bulderi

ABSTRACT Under anaerobic conditions, the yeast Saccharomyces bulderi rapidly ferments δ-gluconolactone to ethanol and carbon dioxide. We propose that a novel pathway for δ-gluconolactone fermentation operates in this yeast. In this pathway, δ-gluconolactone is first reduced to glucose via an NADPH-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.47). After phosphorylation, half of the glucose is metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway, yielding the NADPH required for the glucose-dehydrogenase reaction. The remaining half of the glucose is dissimilated via glycolysis. Involvement of this novel pathway in δ-gluconolactone fermentation in S. bulderi is supported by several experimental observations. (i) Fermentation of δ-gluconolactone and gluconate occurred only at low pH values, at which a substantial fraction of the substrate is present as δ-gluconolactone. Unlike gluconate, the latter compound is a substrate for glucose dehydrogenase. (ii) High activities of an NADP+-dependent glucose dehydrogenase were detected in cell extracts of anaerobic, δ-gluconolactone-grown cultures, but activity of this enzyme was not detected in glucose-grown cells. Gluconate kinase activity in cell extracts was negligible. (iii) During anaerobic growth on δ-gluconolactone, CO2 production exceeded ethanol production by 35%, indicating that pyruvate decarboxylation was not the sole source of CO2. (iv) Levels of the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes were 10-fold higher in δ-gluconolactone-grown anaerobic cultures than in glucose-grown cultures, consistent with the proposed involvement of this pathway as a primary dissimilatory route in δ-gluconolactone metabolism.
Intellectual Property Rights, Product Complexity, and the Organization of Multinational Firms

This paper studies how the Intellectual Property Right (IPR) regime in destination countries influences the way multinationals structure the international organization of their production. In particular, we explore how multinationals divide tasks of different complexities across countries with different levels of IPR protection. The analysis studies the decision of firms between procurement from related parties and outsourcing to independents suppliers at the product level. It also breaks down outsourcing into two types by distinguishing whether or not they involve technology sharing between the two parties. We combine data from a French firm-level survey on the mode choice for each transaction with a newly developed complexity measure at the product level. Our results confirm that firms are generally reluctant to source highly complex goods from outside firm boundaries. By studying the interaction between product complexity and the IPR protection, we obtain that (i) for technology-sharing-outsourcing IPRs promote outsourcing of more complex goods to a destination country by guaranteeing the protection of their technology, (ii) for non-technology-related-outsourcing IPRs attract the outsourcing of less complex products that are more prone to reverse engineering and simpler to decodify and imitate.
Radiation dose and breast cancer risk in the childhood cancer survivor study.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to quantify the risk of breast cancer in relation to radiation dose and chemotherapy among survivors of childhood cancer. METHODS We conducted a case-control study of breast cancer in a cohort of 6,647 women who were 5-year survivors of childhood cancer and who were treated during 1970 through 1986. One hundred twenty patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer were identified and were individually matched to four selected controls on age at initial cancer and time since initial cancer. Medical physicists estimated radiation dose to the breast tumor site and ovaries on the basis of medical records. RESULTS The odds ratio for breast cancer increased linearly with radiation dose, and it reached 11-fold for local breast doses of approximately 40 Gy relative to no radiation (P for trend < .0001). Risk associated with breast irradiation was sharply reduced among women who received 5 Gy or more to the ovaries (P = .002). The excess odds ratio per Gy was 0.36 for those who received ovarian doses less than 5 Gy and was 0.06 for those who received higher doses. Radiation-related risk did not vary significantly by age at exposure. Borderline significantly elevated risks were seen for doxorubicin, dactinomycin, dacarbazine, and carmustine. CONCLUSION Results confirm the radiation sensitivity of the breast in girls age 10 to 20 years but do not demonstrate a strong effect of age at exposure within this range. Irradiation of the ovaries at doses greater than 5 Gy seems to lessen the carcinogenic effects of breast irradiation, most likely by reducing exposure of radiation-damaged breast cells to stimulating effects of ovarian hormones.
THE BANKING BUSINESS IN A MULTI-INDUSTRY GAME: SHOULD COMPLEXITY BE ADDRESSED BY SEQUENTIAL ELABORATION?

We address the issue of simulating the banking business in a multi-industry game from the standpoint of both the game designer and the game administrator. For the game designer, we apply classical equilibrium arguments to formulate a mathematical model of the interbank interest rate. For the game administrator, we lay out the options for participant involvement, considering particularly if participants should be involved with businesses that are not banks before they can be involved with banks, the sequential-elaboration method of addressing game complexity. The results of our study using a semester-long computer-assisted business game that involved at its peak 152 students who by the end of the semester had founded 439 firms in the banking industry and five nonbanking industries suggest that sequential-elaboration habituates participants to a way of thinking that blinds them to new conditions that requires new thinking. The issues addressed are meant for business games designed to give participants practice in business administration, rather than for games designed to indoctrinate participants in business concepts.
Clinical application of the multifocal VEPs

Purpose. To determine whether visual field defects can be detected by the multifocal VEP technique. Methods. Multifocal VEPs were elicited by a pseudorandom binary m-sequence stimulus (VERIS II). The stimulus was a dartboard-like pattern of 61 sectors, and the luminance of each sector alternated between white and black. The stimulus area subtended approximately 25 degrees. Each recording was divided into 8 equal segments, and the total recording time was about 4 min. Multifocal VEPs were recorded from 25 normal subjects and six patients with visual field loss. The responses summed within 4 quadrants were used in the analysis and were compared with the visual fields obtained by perimetry. Results. In six perimetrically-documented visual field defects, the responses summed over each quadrant of the field were reduced in the corresponding affected quadrants. In addition, recovery of the visual field loss following treatment was accompanied by a recovery of the responses. Conclusions. Multifocal VEPs summed within four quadrants can be used for an objective evaluation of the visual fields. The testing can be obtained in 4 min with no pain or discomfort to the patient.