Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weakly Supervised Attention Networks for Entity Recognition

The task of entity recognition has traditionally been modelled as a sequence labelling task. However, this usually requires a large amount of fine-grained data annotated at the token level, which in turn can be expensive and cumbersome to obtain. In this work, we aim to circumvent this requirement of word-level annotated data. To achieve this, we propose a novel architecture for entity recognition from a corpus containing weak binary presence/absence labels, which are relatively easier to obtain. We show that our proposed weakly supervised model, trained solely on a multi-label classification task, performs reasonably well on the task of entity recognition, despite not having access to any token-level ground truth data.
FOUR-DIMENSIONAL LATTICES FROM Q ( √ 2 , √ 5 )

Four-dimensional lattices with block circulant generator matrices are constructed from submodules of the ring of integers of the totally real number field Q( √ 2, √ 5). The obtained lattices are of full diversity and their sphere packing densities are the highest known for the given relative minimum product distances. AMS Subject Classification: 11H06, 11H31, 11R16, 94A14
LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES ADHESION TO FOOD PROCESSING SURFACES (BONING KNIVES) AND THE REMOVAL EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT SANITIZERS

The adhesion and biofilm formation of Listeria monocytogenes on new and used boning knives (handle and blade) were observed. The number of pathogens on both surfaces increased with the contact time, forming a biofilm after 2 h. Peracetic acid or hot water effectively removed adhered L. monocytogenes at each of the contact times and concentrations evaluated. Biguanide showed lower removal efficacy on used surfaces, but had increased effectiveness at concentrations of 2.0%. The new knife blades had a lower roughness and flattened morphology in comparison with used surface
Causality Testing using Higher Order Statistics

A new causality test based on Higher Order Statistics (HOS) is proposed in this paper. The test can be applied on non Gaussian time series. The methodological novelty is the usage of a two- step causality test based on digital whitening, which is performed by ARMA-HOS filters. To substantiate further the method an empirical analysis of the relationship between interest rate spread and real gross domestic product (GDP) growth is presented for the period 1981:q1 -2009:q1. Spread is measured as a difference between 10 years bond yields and three months Treasury bill rates in US. The fist step applies ARMA-HOS models to obtain white residuals from quarterly term structure (TS) and GDP growth. The second step tests dynamical correlation of TS and GDP growth residuals. Results show that the proposed test can capture the information about non Gaussian properties of the random variables being tested. The test is compared with Granger-Sims causality test. The paper questions reliability of the Granger test.
Experiments with oarse-Gram Graph Reduction * Parallel

A reduction model based on parallel reduction of annotated coarse-grain subexpressions has been developed. In this model a kind of string-reduction is proposed on the level of parallel tasks. A special reduction strategy avoids the duplication of work normally incurred by string reduction. Within parallel tasks pure graph-reduction is performed. An experimental parallel machine has been constructed. Based on a technique of hybrid simulation speed-up figures of medium-size application programs have been measured on the experimental machine.
Internet of Things for Survey of Renewable Energy Potential (SREP) as the Basis for Hybrid Power Plant Development

In the future, microhybrid power plant for the household scale will be something that the people want. The obstacle that is faced by the developers in micro hybrid plant development is the lack of a preliminary study. If a preliminary study is not possible, at least the developer should conduct a potential survey to determine the place where the plant will be installed. Optimal position for the hybrid power plant can be obtained through a continuous mapping at some point during the season span. This study uses research and development procedures of the internet of things ( IoT ) for its purpose of survey of renewable energy potential. The aim of this study is to obtain the real time data of the potential of renewable energy with the help of the IoT . Internet of things which is developed using Airlink FXT009 EDGE is operated via serial communication. Modem Airlink FXT009 is controlled by ATmega328 microcontroller which received its data from the sensor network. The database which is processed by IoT consists of wind velocity, wind direction, output voltage, and stationidentity. The research shows that the average of wind velocity during April-September is 3.2 m/s and the output voltage is 13.3V. On the other hand, during October-March the wind velocity is 5.3m/s, and the average output voltage at 10:00-14:00 is 10.2V with the average of speed and data updates is per 75.34 seconds. This study is limited to the ATmega328 microcontroller as the processor and need to be developed towards a mini PC.
Route of administration Parenteral Oral Half-life Short Long Immunogenicity Potential risk Low risk Drug – drug interactions Rare Potential

Disclosures: B.S. Boland has received consulting fees from Abbvie and has received grant support from Takeda and Janssen. S. Vermeire has received grant support from AbbVie, MSD, and Takeda; received speaker fees from AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Ferring, Dr. Falk Pharma, Hospira, Pfizer, and Tillots; and served as a consultant for AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Ferring, Genentech/ Roche, Shire, Pfizer Inc, Galapagos, Mundipharma, Hospira, Celgene, Second Genome, and Janssen. a Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, ACTRI, University of California San Diego, 9452 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; b Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49,3000 Leuven, Belgium * Corresponding author. E-mail address: bboland@ucsd.edu
Implementation of a communication in a A correctness proof synchronous loosely coupled system :

Masini, A. and M. Danelutto, Implementation of a synchronous communication in a loosely coupled system: A correctness proof, Future Generation Computer Systems 8 (1992) 137-147. Temporal logic can be used to formally prove many interesting properties of concurrent systems. In particular, they have been used to prove liveness and safety properties of such systems. In this work we will demonstrate how temporal logic can be used to proof the correctnes of the implementation of a synchronous communication primitive. This primitive (actually a ~t, nd/receive pair of primitives) is implemented onto a simple model of loosely coupled systems, in terms of an even simpler abstraction of such systems only supporting atomic read and write operations onto a distributed set of flags. Thus, first we will introduce a formalism (Read Write Concurrent Systems) that is intended to model, at a very low abstraction level, loosely coupled systems. Then we will introduce another formalism (Communicating Systems) that is also meant to model loosely coupled systems, and moreover supplies as a primitive the mechanism of synchronous communication. We will given an implementation of Communicating Systems in terms of the Read Write Concurrent Systems. Using temporal logic, we will finally show a methodology that can be used to prove the correctness of such implementation.
Status of clean gene (selection marker-free)technology

The ever-increasing world population has created two major problems: more mouths to feed and less land to farm. While classical breeding has enormously helped in providing more food, a lot still needs to be done. Transformation biotechnology can also help especially where classical breeding lacks solution (e.g. limited availability of stable and durable genetic source of resistance). However, plant transformation technologies require selectable marker genes to produce transgenic plants but such genes are of no value thereafter; in fact, marker genes in transgenic plants are perceived to pose potential bio-safety problems. In all genetic transformation technologies based on direct gene transfer (electroporation of protoplasts, particle bombardment etc) the selectable marker genes generally cointegrate with the gene of interest(s) in one Mendelian locus in the plant genome; hence, their removal is highly desirable. This may also help in the acceptability of transgenic plants by society. Transgenic plants that contain the desired gene of interest but lack the selection marker gene used in its production are termed “clean” and the methods utilized in their production are referred to as “clean gene” technology. There are several proved methods of eliminating selectable marker genes and these include: (A) Marker gene excision consisting of (1) intra-genomic relocation of transgenes via transposable elements, (2) site-specific recombination systems and (3) intra-chromosomal recombination. (B) Gene replacement or Targeted gene replacement; and (C) transformation with multiple T-DNAs, which could result in linked and/or unlinked co-integration of transgenes. Unlinked transgenes are then segregated out during meiosis.
Congruence of Coherence Peaks of Daily Geomagnetic Activity and Total Earthquakes with Mintaka's (Orion's Belt) 5.7 Day Periodicity: Potential Implications for Astrobiology

A single strong frequency-dependence was revealed by cross-spectral analysis between daily geomagnetic activity and total numbers of daily earthquakes between 2009 through 2013 that exhibited a 5.7 day cycle. We examined the potential for association with Mintaka's double star orbital periodicity of 5.73 days. Calculations of gravitational force and equivalent energies between the earth and Mintaka as well as the variations with orbital periodicity indicated reliable radiant flux densities upon the terrestrial surface in the order of 10 -11 W·m -2 . This is within the same order of magnitude as background photon emissions whose increase occurs conspicuously before major earthquakes and are related to geomagnetic activity. This magnitude of power has recently been measured from preparations of brain tissue and from human cerebrums while subjects sat in hyper-dark settings and engaged in imagination. The power density also matches the gravitational energy within a human brain mass from empirical measurements of the variation in G. The convergence of quantitative solutions suggests that shared periodicities from some very distant stellar objects may affect terrestrial processes assuming the power densities are congruent.
Semantic Lexicon Ontology News Classification News Querying Query Formulation Query Execution Query RSS News Filtered News Results Presentation Item 1 Item 2 Item

Hermes is a Web-based framework that makes use of many Semantic Web technologies for building personalized news services. Ontologies are employed for knowledge representation, natural language processing techniques are used for semantic text analysis, and semantic query languages enable the specification of the desired information. To accommodate for the need for an intuitive way to create complex queries for news information, we present the Hermes Graphical Query Language (HGQL). The language enables users to create structured queries that use disjunctive, conjunctive, negation, and pattern operators. In addition, this paper presents a ranking algorithm based on the queries made using our graphical query language. Results show that our proposed ranking algorithm significantly outperforms three state-of-the-art ranking algorithms and that users prefer our graphical query language over a text-based alternative.
Dispersion structure and properties of nanocomposites

It is believed that nanosize particle fillers can improve polymers’ properties because of their particular characteristics. Although the mechanism of reinforcement is controversial, it is commonly accepted that the filler morphology is a critical factor. To further understand the reinforcement mechanism, different nanosize silica were used to investigate the relationship between filler morphology and reinforcement. Ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) was used to study the morphology of nanosize silica. The viscosity is used to study the interactions between fillers and matrix. In Chapter 1, current theories and models to interpret the reinforcement mechanism are introduced. The goals of this thesis are proposed based on the discussions of current theories. In Chapter 2, the morphology study of silica filler is presented. Several types of silica are used in this study to find out the factors affecting the filler morphology. Based on the morphology study, it is straightforward to choose appropriate silica samples to further study the relationship between filler morphology and properties. In Chapter 3, the rheology properties of chosen silica samples are reported. In Chapter 4, tensile experiments of chosen silica samples are reported; the effects of silica fillers on polymer’s modulus and breakage elongation are explored In Chapter 5, conclusions are presented.
Abrupt change of Antarctic moisture origin at the end of Termination II

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique—Université Versailles St-Quentin Unité Mixte de Recherche 8212), L’Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cédex, France; Department of Geosciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratoire de Glaciologie et de Géophysique de l’Environnement (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique—Université Joseph Fourier 5183), 54 rue Molière, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères cédex, France; Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455-1333; National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 10-3 Midorichou, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan; British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom; Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Climate Science Division, Bussestrasse 24, 25570 Bremerhaven, Germany; Climate Risk Analysis, Schneiderberg 26, 30167 Hannover, Germany; and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
Price Discovery in London’s Upstairs Equity Market

1 Abstract The paper presents new evidence on the contribution to price discovery of the upstairs market. The 'component share' and 'information share' measures are used, supplemented by the probability of informed trading (PIN) analysis. Most discovery arises downstairs, consistent with previous findings. But the upstairs market makes a non-negligible contribution, which approaches that of the downstairs market at the start and close of the day. The PIN estimates indicate that a higher proportion of upstairs than downstairs trades are informed. The upstairs has a larger role in price discovery than previous evidence suggests.
Numerically stable computation of embedding formulae for scattering by polygons

For problems of time-harmonic scattering by polygonal obstacles, embedding formulae provide a useful means of computing the far-field coefficient induced by any incident plane wave, given the far-field coefficient of a relatively small set of canonical problems. The number of such problems to be solved depends only on the geometry of the scatterer. Whilst the formulae themselves are exact in theory, any implementation will inherit numerical error from the method used to solve the canonical problems. This error can lead to numerical instabilities. Here, we present an effective approach to identify and regulate these instabilities. This approach is subsequently extended to the case where the incident wave is a Herglotz wave function, and we suggest how this could potentially remove frequency dependence of a T-matrix method.
Is culture a restraining or a driving force for entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka

Being entrepreneurial is vital for a country to ensure sustainability. Sustainability is ensured by high levels of opportunity recognition of ventures. Given this, this paper seeks to investigate context specific problems. Does entrepreneurship exist in a country like Sri Lanka? Are entrepreneurial activities limited due to the inherent culture in Sri Lanka? And does culture act as a driving force or a restraining force for entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka? To address these varied questions in existence, we analyze Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in Sri Lankan context. Each dimension was interpreted and generalizations were drawn in relation to the entrepreneurial impact in Sri Lanka and subsequently questions were answered. A model of Levels of Opportunity Recognition was proposed as a depiction of a strategic tool of sustainability. Finally, we state that inferences drawn are adhering to subjectivity and thus those are required to be tested empirically imposing different implications. Key words: Culture, opportunity recognition, sustainability, Sri Lanka.
The classic P 300 encodes a build-to-threshold decision variable Running Title : The P 300 encodes a decision variable

The P300 component of the human event-related potential has been the subject of intensive experimental investigation across a five-decade period, owing to its apparent relevance to a wide range of cognitive functions and its sensitivity to numerous brain disorders. Yet, its exact contribution to cognition remains unresolved. Here, we carry out key analyses of the P300 elicited by transient auditory and visual targets to examine its potential role as a ‘decision variable’ signal that accumulates evidence to a decision bound. Consistent with the latter, we find that the P300 reaches a stereotyped amplitude immediately prior to response execution and that it’s rate of rise scales with target detection difficulty and accounts for trial-to-trial variance in reaction time (RT). Computational simulations of an accumulation-to-bound decision process faithfully captured P300 dynamics when its parameters were set by model fits to the RT distributions. Thus, where the dominant explanatory accounts have conceived of the P300 as a unitary neural event, our data reveal it to be a dynamically evolving neural signature of decision formation. These findings place the P300 at the heart of a mechanistically principled framework for understanding decision making in both the typical and atypical human brain. A cc ep te d A rt ic le
Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs Federal Reserve Board , Washington , D . C . Hedge fund holdings and stock market efficiency

We examine the relation between changes in hedge fund stock holdings and measures of informational efficiency of equity prices derived from transactions data, and find that, on average, increased hedge fund ownership leads to significant improvements in the informational efficiency of equity prices. The contribution of hedge funds to price efficiency is greater than the contributions of other types of institutional investors, such as mutual funds or banks. However, stocks held by hedge funds experienced extreme declines in price efficiency during liquidity crises, most notably in the last quarter of 2008, and the declines were most severe in stocks held by hedge funds connected to Lehman Brothers and hedge funds using leverage.
Engineering Knowledge-Based Variance-Reduction Simulation and G-Dominance for Structural Frame Robust Optimization

This paper proposes the incorporation of engineering knowledge through both (a) advanced state-of-the-art preference handling decision-making tools integrated in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms and (b) engineering knowledge-based variance-reduction simulation as enhancing tools for the robust optimum design of structural frames taking uncertainties into consideration in the design variables. The simultaneous minimization of the constrained weight (adding structural weight and average distribution of constraint violations) on the one hand and the standard deviation of the distribution of constraint violation on the other are handled with multiobjective optimization-based evolutionary computation in two different multiobjective algorithms. The optimum design values of the deterministic structural problem in question are proposed as a reference point (the aspiration level) in reference-point-based evolutionary multiobjective algorithms (here g-dominance is used). Results including S-metric statistics in a structural frame test case with uncertain loads show considerable reductions in computational costs without harming the nondominated front quality, obtaining a design set that makes it possible to select minimum weight and maximum robustness optimum designs.
Developing Robots that Recognize

In previous work we presented a computational framework that allows a robot or agent to reason about whether it should trust an interactive partner or whether the interactive partner trusts the robot (Wagner & Arkin, 2011). This article examines the use of this framework in a well-known situation for examining trust--the Investor-Trustee game (King-Casas, Tomlin, Anen, Camerer, Quartz, & Montague, 2005). Our experiment pits the robot against a person in this game and explores the impact of recognizing and responding to trust signals. Our results demonstrate that the recognition that a person has intentionally placed themselves at risk allows the robot to reciprocate and, by doing so, improve both individuals play in the game. This work has implications for home healthcare, search and rescue, and military applications.
Panicum virgatum L. Could Be an Alternative Environmental Friendly Feedstock for Energy Production

The investigation of alternative energy sources environmentally friendly is necessary, due to the decrease of fossil fuel reserves, the increased world population needs and the increased CO2 emissions. During the past two decades, researchers started to investigate the case of producing energy through crop production. Switchgrass is a perennial crop of low input requirements and high biomass production, which could produce high amounts of energy per hectare equivalent to oil. A three years field experiment was conducted in case to examine the effects of four nitrogen fertilization and two irrigation levels, in two different soils, at two different growing stages (vegetative stage and seed mature) on dry biomass yield, calorific value and ash content of switchgrass Alamo variety. It was found that higher dry yield (27-30 t ha) reached on the aquic soil while on the xeric remained at lower levels (14-15 t ha). In the case of the average calorific value it was observed a slight increase (from 17 to 17.3 MJ/kg) according only to crop maturation, while in the case of the average ash content crop maturation had the opposite effect (5.4 and 4.5%). Therefore, it is really important to refer that switchgrass cultivation is able to produce 466 GJ ha and 1.2 t ha ashes which can be used for fertilization and its introduction in future land use systems for an environmentally friendly energy production should be seriously taken into consideration.