Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consensus-based algorithm for making network selection decisions in heterogeneous wireless networks

Network-selection decision for a multimode terminal having multiple classes of simultaneous handoff calls (such as file download and video session) can be made independently for the individual calls or jointly for the group of calls. Existing radio access technology (RAT) selection algorithms developed for making network-selection decisions for singles calls are not suitable for making network-selection-decisions for multiple calls. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm that makes network-selection decisions for multiple calls based on consensus level among the multiple calls to be admitted in a heterogeneous wireless network. The proposed algorithm considers individual user's preferences and the quality of service required by individual calls in making RAT-selection decisions. When the consensus level among multiple calls to be admitted into a particular RAT is high, the multiple calls are jointly admitted into a single RAT. However, when the consensus level among the multiple calls to be admitted is below a predefined threshold, the multiple calls are independently admitted into suitable RAT(s). The performance of the proposed RAT selection scheme is evaluated in a three-service three-RAT heterogeneous network, supporting multi-homed terminals. Simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Hiperplasia endometrial simple con complejo focal y sin atipia, en una paciente de 23 años de edad. A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 23 anos de edad, previamente sana, G1P0A1, con cuadro clinico de hemorragia uterina anormal, a quien se le realizo ecografia transvaginal que reporto embarazo molar, sin embargo tras realizar la medicion serica de B-HCG, fue de 0.00 mUI/ml, por lo que requirio realizacion de legrado y biopsia para establecer diagnostico histologico. El resultado evidencio hiperplasia simple, con complejo focal y sin atipia. Se destaca la importancia de la comunicacion de este caso, debido a que a esta edad, la presentacion de esta patologia es infrecuente. Se hace una revision de los articulos publicados en los ultimos 10 anos en las bases de datos Medline via PubMed, y en LILACS en espanol, ingles y frances. Se tuvo como referencia ademas textos clasicos. La hiperplasia endometrial simple en pacientes menores de 30 anos es poco frecuente, se debe tener en cuenta la presencia de atipias en la histologia pues de ser positivo, es mayor el riesgo de transformacion maligna.
The major subtypes of human B‐cell lymphomas lack mutations in BCL‐2 family member BAD

Members of the BCL‐2 gene family are well known for their role in the pathogenesis of B‐cell lymphomas in humans and in mouse models. A recent report that knockout mice deficient for the proapoptotic BCL‐2 family member gene BAD frequently develop B‐cell lymphomas prompted us to analyze a large collection of human B‐cell lymphomas for inactivating mutations in the BAD gene. All 3 exons of the BAD gene were amplified and directly sequenced. The 81 lymphomas analyzed included 16 cases of B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 11 mantle‐cell lymphomas, 10 follicular lymphomas, 7 MALT lymphomas, 8 Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines, 3 cell lines of multiple myeloma, 15 cases and 4 cell lines of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and 7 Hodgkin's lymphoma lines. No mutations were found in any of the cases. We conclude that mutations in the BAD gene do not play a role in the pathogenesis of the major subtypes of human B‐cell lymphomas. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Vulnerable Subject: Anchoring Equality in the Human Condition

This essay develops the concept of vulnerability in order to argue for a more responsive state and a more egalitarian society. Vulnerability is and should be understood to be universal and constant, inherent in the human condition. The vulnerability approach is an alternative to traditional equal protection analysis; it represents a post-identity inquiry in that it is not focused only on discrimination against defined groups, but concerned with privilege and favor conferred on limited segments of the population by the state and broader society through their institutions. As such, vulnerability analysis concentrates on the institutions and structures our society has and will establish to manage our common vulnerabilities. This approach has the potential to move us beyond the stifling confines of current discrimination-based models toward a more substantive vision of equality.
How Much Bandwidth Is Enough? A Longitudinal Examination of Media Characteristics and Group Outcomes

This study addresses three key issues related to media differences among computer-mediated groups meeting face-to-face, synchronously and asynchronously: First, do groups using different media perceive characteristics of these media differently? Second, do media-related perceptions remain static or change as they are used over time? And finally, do media differences result in performance differences, i.e., do richer media result in better performance for equivocal tasks as predicted by bandwidth theories? Some results of this study tend to support media-characteristics theories while others offer limited support for more evolutionary perspectives. For instance, initially, face-to-face groups found their medium to be warmer, have a better interface and be more effective compared to their distributed counterparts. While many of these initial perceptions lingered over time, there was one notable exception. At the start of the study, face-to-face groups rated their medium as being more effective than synchronous groups; however by the end of the study, no significant differences were apparent. Moreover, despite the persistently lower social presence of leaner media, distributed-synchronous groups performed better than their face-to-face counterparts. Finally, the two types of distributed groups-synchronous and asynchronous-did not differ significantly in their perceptions or performance. This study improves our understanding of distributed interaction while simultaneously highlighting the need to further investigate the relationships among tasks, technologies and teams over time.
Pricing of Constant Maturity Spread Options in the Deterministic Libor Market Model Framework

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master of Science Degree Programme in Science and Engineering Tamminen Lauri: Pricing of Constant Maturity Spread Options in the Deterministic Libor Market Model Framework Master of Science Thesis, 63 pages, 4 Appendix pages Topic accepted by the Faculty Council in September 2008 Major: Technical mathematics Examiners: professor Samuli Siltanen, researcher Juho Kanniainen
Recursive Estimation-Based Maximum Power Extraction Technique for a Fuel Cell Power Source Used in Vehicular Applications

Extraction of maximum power from a fuel cell (FC) power source (PS) is essential for its optimum and economical utilization. However, the maximum extractable power from an FCPS varies dynamically during the fuel cell operation for varying load current requirements as the system parameters are also changing. One such example is the use of an FCPS in vehicular applications, where the power requirement varies dynamically during the drive cycle. This makes maximum power extraction a challenging task. As the load varies, the equivalent resistance appearing across the FC varies too. The maximum power point (MPP) appears prominently on the power versus curve. This paper presents a novel MPP tracking (MPPT) scheme using nonlinear curve fitting and recursive least-squares estimation (RLSE). A current controlled Cuk converter is used due to its low ripple feature. RLSE determines the MPP online, which is used as a reference for the control of the Cuk converter. The performance of this MPPT scheme for a typical vehicular drive cycle is compared with the popular “Perturb and Observe” and Incremental conductance methods. All the analytical and simulation results are included. Experimental results are also presented to validate the proposed scheme for the drive cycle load profile.
Induction of Follicular Development by Direct Single Injection of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Fragments into the Ovary of Miniature Gilts1

Abstract Perifollicular angiogenesis is closely associated with ovarian follicular development. To investigate whether additional induction of perifollicular angiogenesis would support subsequent follicular development, we directly injected vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene fragments into the ovaries of miniature gilts, followed by gonadotroph treatment to stimulate follicle growth. In addition, to confirm extraexpression of the VEGF gene after injection, we assessed the expression of two isoforms of VEGF (VEGF 120 and VEGF 164) in granulosa cells and expression of fms-like tyrosine kinase (Flt-1), expression of fetal liver kinase (Flk-1), and density of capillary networks in theca cells. Direct injection of VEGF gene fragments into the ovaries was performed 7 days before eCG treatment. The ovaries in miniature gilts were removed 72 h after eCG treatment for histological examination. Granulosa cells and thecal tissues in the antral follicles (diameter, >4 mm) were collected to detect the mRNA expression of VEGF isoforms in the granulosa cells and of Flt-1 and Flk-1 in the thecal tissues by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The VEGF levels were measured in the follicular fluid by enzyme immunoassay. Injection of VEGF gene fragments increased the level of mRNA expression of VEGF 120 and 164 isoforms in the granulosa cells and VEGF protein contents in the follicular fluid. The number of preovulatory follicles and the capillary density in the theca interna increased significantly in the ovaries injected with VEGF gene fragments compared with those treated with eCG alone. The Flt-1, but not the Flk-1, mRNA expression show a tendency toward increasing in the thecal tissues of antral follicles in the ovaries injected with VEGF gene fragments. These results demonstrate that Flt-1 may be predominantly involved in the regulation of the capillary network in the theca interna during follicular development. Our data suggest that the regulation of perifollicular angiogenesis during follicular development is a very important factor in the development of ovulatory follicles. Our findings may offer an innovative technique for enhanced induction of follicular development in the ovary through gene and hormonal treatment, which may lead to prevention of infertility caused by ovarian dysfunction.
Effect of Pokémon GO on incidence of fatal traffic injuries: a population-based quasi-experimental study using the national traffic collisions database in Japan

Pokémon GO (Niantic Labs, released on 22 July 2016 in Japan) is an augmented reality game that gained huge popularity worldwide. Despite concern about Pokémon GO–related traffic collisions, the effect of playing Pokémon GO on the incidence of traffic injuries remains unknown. We performed a population-based quasi-experimental study using national data from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis, Japan. The outcome was incidence of traffic injuries. Of 127 082 000 people in Japan, 886 fatal traffic injuries were observed between 1 June and 31 August in 2016. Regression discontinuity analysis showed a non-significant change in incidence of fatal traffic injuries after the Pokémon GO release (0.017 deaths per million, 95%CI −0.036 to 0.071). This finding was similar to that obtained from a difference-in-differences analysis. Effect of Pokémon GO on fatal traffic injuries may be negligible.
Effectiveness of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine for the prevention of cervical abnormalities: case-control study nested within a population based screening programme in Australia

Objective To measure the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical abnormalities four years after implementation of a nationally funded vaccination programme in Queensland, Australia. Design Case-control analysis of linked administrative health datasets. Setting Queensland, Australia. Participants Women eligible for free vaccination (aged 12-26 years in 2007) and attending for their first cervical smear test between April 2007 and March 2011. High grade cases were women with histologically confirmed high grade cervical abnormalities (n=1062) and “other cases” were women with any other abnormality at cytology or histology (n=10 887). Controls were women with normal cytology (n=96 404). Main outcome measures Exposure odds ratio (ratio of odds of antecedent vaccination (one, two, or three vaccine doses compared with no doses) among cases compared with controls), vaccine effectiveness ((1−adjusted odds ratio)×100), and number needed to vaccinate to prevent one cervical abnormality at first screening round. We stratified by four age groups adjusted for follow-up time, year of birth, and measures of socioeconomic status and remoteness. The primary analysis concerned women whose first ever smear test defined their status as a case or a control. Results The adjusted odds ratio for exposure to three doses of HPV vaccine compared with no vaccine was 0.54 (95% confidence interval 0.43 to 0.67) for high grade cases and 0.66 (0.62 to 0.70) for other cases compared with controls with normal cytology, equating to vaccine effectiveness of 46% and 34%, respectively. The adjusted numbers needed to vaccinate were 125 (95% confidence interval 97 to 174) and 22 (19 to 25), respectively. The adjusted exposure odds ratios for two vaccine doses were 0.79 (95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.98) for high grade cases and 0.79 (0.74 to 0.85) for other cases, equating to vaccine effectiveness of 21%. Conclusion The quadrivalent HPV vaccine conferred statistically significant protection against cervical abnormalities in young women who had not started screening before the implementation of the vaccination programme in Queensland, Australia.
Etiologic Heterogeneity for Cervical Carcinoma by Histopathologic Type, Using Comparative Age-Period-Cohort Models

Background: Cervical carcinomas comprise two main histopathologic types, squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are causative for both types but the respective tumors may have different carcinogenic pathways. Methods: To assess potential etiologic heterogeneity of cervical cancer by histopathologic type, we examined invasive squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinoma cervical cancer incidence rates in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We complemented standard descriptive epidemiology with comparative age-period-cohort (APC) models fitted to each histopathologic type. Results: Squamous cell tumors (n = 25,219) were nearly 5-fold more common than adenocarcinomas (n = 5,451). Age-adjusted incidence trends decreased for squamous cell carcinomas but increased for adenocarcinomas. Cross-sectional age-specific incidence rates increased more rapidly for squamous cell carcinomas than adenocarcinomas in adolescents and young adults then leveled off for both types. APC models confirmed that secular trends and age-specific rates differed for the two types (P = 0 for the null hypothesis of no difference). For squamous cell carcinoma, the APC “fitted” age-at-onset rate curve peaked before age 40 years then declined; for adenocarcinoma, the fitted curve increased rapidly until age 40 years then rose more slowly. Conclusions: Despite the necessary role of HPV infection in both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the cervix, secular trends and age-related natural histories differed for the two tumor types, consistent with etiologic heterogeneity. Future analytic and clinical studies should consider the interaction (effect modification) of HPV infection and other cervical carcinoma risk factors by histopathologic type, time, and age. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(3):792–800)
The elderly population opportunities for cancer prevention and detection

Interest in the elderly population, persons 65 years of age or older, as a target group for cancer control has not been great. Age recommendations rarely are made for prevention and early detection of cancer for elderly persons. However, cancer incidence and mortality rates are known to rise rapidly with increasing age. This paper takes a long‐term public‐health perspective to look toward the year 2030 to discuss the challenges of organizing and implementing prevention and early detection incentives for our nation's current and future elderly population. Cancer prevalence estimates in the context of the geriatric imperative of the 21st century are provided for three cancers—breast, prostate, and lung and bronchus. The sheer magnitude of numbers created by the aged population expansion can greatly increase the number of cancer survivors and newly diagnosed cases. Current efforts in cancer prevention and early detection should anticipate the health‐care demands of the elderly in the first three decades of the next century.
Cyclophosphamide in alveolar hemorrahge due to leptospirosis

Jubran A[2] has elaborated upon why patients are ventilator-dependent. These factors require both clinical awareness as well as focused assessment. The search for underlying causes for ventilator dependency is pertinent if previously unrecognized but reversible conditions are discovered. Understanding the determinants of respiratory failure and ventilator dependence is a vital step in providing quality care. We could help prevent prolonged ICU stay and fi nancial burden in our patient by the use of our placebo technique.
More than a cover: epicardium as a novel source of cardiac progenitor cells.

Bin Zhou1 & William T Pu2† †Author for correspondence 1Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA Tel. : +1 617 919 4643; E-mail: bzhou@enders.tch. harvard.edu 2Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA Tel. : +1 617 919 2091; Fax: +1 617 730 0140; E-mail: wpu@enders.tch. harvard.edu
Advances in understanding monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance as a precursor of multiple myeloma

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) affects at least 3% of the population above the age of 50 and is the precursor to multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. Recent advances in MGUS include: an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of MGUS and its progression to MM, involving molecular events intrinsic to the malignant plasma cell as well as the microenvironment; novel techniques to assess risk for progression to MM using serum-free light-chain analysis and immunophenotyping; and a renewed interest in chemoprevention of MM. In the future, continued improvement in our understanding of MGUS will lead to the development of better biomarkers for prognosis and therapies for chemoprevention of MM.
Family members' experiences with decision making for incompetent patients in the ICU: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND Understanding the challenges faced by family members involved in decisions about the use of life-sustaining treatment for incompetent patients in the ICU is necessary for developing empirically based supportive interventions. OBJECTIVES To describe and explain the experiences of family members who were involved in decisions on behalf of their loved ones in order to promote understanding of such experiences and to suggest areas for effective, supportive intervention. METHODS The grounded-theory method of qualitative research was used. Data collection involved semistructured interviews of 17 persons who had been involved in decisions about the use of life-sustaining treatment for a family member in the ICU. RESULTS Family members discussed the need to arrive at a judgment of the patient's condition and to work with caregivers to have the family member's decision about life-sustaining treatment enacted. Data analysis suggests that clinicians can best support family members by helping the members arrive at a judgment about the patient's condition and treatment desires and by connecting with the family members to ensure that treatment goals are mutual. Supporting family members in this way helps them accept and go on in a positive way after the experience. CONCLUSIONS Family members of patients in the ICU are willing and able to take responsibility for decisions about the use of life-sustaining treatment for their loved ones. The long-term acceptance of the experience and the decisions made depends greatly on the interactions between the family member who makes the decision and nurses and physicians in the clinical setting.
High transmission gain integrated antenna on extremely high resistivity Si for ULSI wireless interconnect

We have demonstrated the highest transmission gain integrated dipole antenna on Si reported so far, to use as an integrated antenna for the purpose of ULSI on-chip wireless interconnection. A 2-mm long and 10-/spl mu/m wide dipole antenna pair at a distance of 1 cm shows a transmission gain of -36.5 dB at 18 GHz, which is 20 dB higher than the previously reported gain. This large increase in gain is achieved by proton implantation on the Si substrate, which increased the resistivity from 10 /spl Omega/-cm to 0.1 M/spl Omega/-cm. It is also found that transmission gain can be maximized for a given resistivity by optimizing the Si substrate thickness or by inserting a low-k dielectric layer below the substrate.
Outer membrane proteins of Brucella abortus: isolation and characterization

Outer membrane proteins were derived from one rough and four smooth strains of Brucella abortus by sequential extraction of physically disrupted cells with N-lauroylsarcosinate and dipolar ionic detergent. Extraction of outer membrane proteins was ineffective, however, without predigestion with lysozyme. Three groups of proteins were present and could be separated in their native state by sequential anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Membrane proteins contained substantial quantities of tightly adherent lipopolysaccharide which could be reduced but not eliminated by extraction of cells with trichloroacetic acid before disruption. Group 2 proteins, apparently trimers in their native state, gave rise to 43,000- and 41,000-molecular-weight bands after complete denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate. They were antigenically identical among all the strains, showed close resemblance in amino acid composition to each other and a general similarity to OmpF of Escherichia coli, and are proposed to be the porins of B. abortus. Group 3 proteins occurred as 30,000-molecular-weight bands on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, although additional bands were frequently observed in this region. In none of the strains did group 3 proteins manifest heat-modifiable characteristics. Proteins of different strains bore a high degree of similarity to each other in amino acid composition, except in methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and histidine. Differences occurred consistently in amino acid composition between group 2 and 3 proteins, and some of these correspond to differences between OmpF and OmpA. Group 2 and 3 proteins were antigenically distinct from each other, but the principal group 3 antigens were shared among all the strains. Despite the lack of heat modifiability, perhaps influenced by adherent lipopolysaccharide, group 3 proteins are proposed as counterparts to OmpA. Most of the group 1 proteins, minor components, were physically associated with those of group 3 unless in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Group 1 proteins produced a major band at 94,000 and exhibited heat modifiability. No evidence was found of a low-molecular-weight lipoprotein in the outer membrane of B. abortus, but this is not taken to exclude its occurrence.