Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COLLOID BODIES WITH DEFECTS IN THE FIELD OF VISION

In 1858 Heinrich Miiller described the histological picture of an unusual optic disc, in an eye taken from a man 75 years old and almost blind. In both fundi a considerable concretion was found just anterior to the lamina cribrosa. The optic nerve was atrophic, but in spite of this the whole papilla was distinctly protuberant. Sections of the optic nerve showed that the nerve fibres passing through the lamina cribrosa first bent sharply upwards, then curved sideways and backwards again. Zwanoff (1868) reported that he had encountered six cases where there were abnormal formations in the optic disc, situated on either side of the central retinal vessels. These formations were composed of several layers, and proved on close examination to consist of a great many, minute, concentrically tiered >>amyloid bodies<<, which however did not stain blue with iodine. They could be traced throughout the substance of the optic nerve as far as the membrane of Bruch. Iwanoff supposed that these bodies were vdrusige Ablagerungen. dissociating from the membrane of Bruch and penetrating into the optic nerve. In concurrence with Iwanoff’s exposition, Liebreich gave an account of the ophthalmological picture of this condition. Liebreich had occasionally observed the occurrence, behind the fibres of the optic nerve, of quite characteristic, stratified formations, which in shape corresponded exactly to Iwanoff’s drawings. When the disc was examined by direct ophthalmoscopy, these formations could be seen as small, isolated, brightly reflecting bodies. When brightly illuminate from the front, they might seem to disappear completely, as the reflection from the nerve fibre layer screened the underlying small formations. If, however, the light was directed to one side, for example onto the choroid, they could be seen clearly, and were readily recognised by the characteristic way in which they reflected the light.
Equus caballus Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Is an Entry Receptor for Equine Herpesvirus Type 1

ABSTRACT In this study, Equus caballus major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) was identified as a cellular entry receptor for the alphaherpesvirus equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1). This novel EHV-1 receptor was discovered using a cDNA library from equine macrophages. cDNAs from this EHV-1-susceptible cell type were inserted into EHV-1-resistant B78H1 murine melanoma cells, these cells were infected with an EHV-1 lacZ reporter virus, and cells that supported virus infection were identified by X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) staining. Positive cells were subjected to several rounds of purification to obtain homogeneous cell populations that were shown to be uniformly infected with EHV-1. cDNAs from these cell populations were amplified by PCR and then sequenced. The sequence data revealed that the EHV-1-susceptible cells had acquired an E. caballus MHC-I cDNA. Cell surface expression of this receptor was verified by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. The MHC-I cDNA was cloned into a mammalian expression vector, and stable B78H1 cell lines were generated that express this receptor. These cell lines were susceptible to EHV-1 infection while the parental B78H1 cells remained resistant to infection. In addition, EHV-1 infection of the B78H1 MHC-I-expressing cell lines was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by an anti-MHC-I antibody.
Étude raisonnée de la côte orientale d'Afrique à la fin du XVIe siècle à travers l'"Ethiopia oriental" du père João dos Santos

Etude raisonnee des images et representations du "couloir swahili", c'est-a-dire de la cote orientale d'Afrique depuis la Corne jusqu'au Mozambique ainsi que de la basse vallee du Zambeze et de l'Etat du Munhumutapa a la fin du XVIe siecle a travers l'"Ethiopia oriental" du pere Joao dos Santos (Evora 15? - Goa 1622). Donnees qui relevent des domaines de l'ethnobotanique et de l'ethnozoologie, de la geographie et de l'histoire evenementielle, ainsi que de l'ethnographie et de l'ethnolinguistique des groupes culturels shona et makhuwa. Examen de l'influence exercee par l'ouvrage depuis sa parution en 1609 sur la connaissance geographique de cette partie du monde, en particulier sur la cartographie, et sur la recherche africaniste depuis deux siecles, afin de degager la pertinence des informations donnees par l'auteur pour la recherche contemporaine. Reflexion d'ordre epistemologique sur la genese de certaines des disciplines mentionnees ci-dessus, ainsi que sur l'alterite et le choc des cultures.
Audit of Domperidone Use as a Galactogogue at an Australian Tertiary Teaching Hospital

Background: Domperidone is often used to promote lactation among women who have difficulty breastfeeding. Objective: To examine prescribing and dispensing practices of domperidone at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital (WCH), Adelaide. Methods: A retrospective audit of domperidone dispensing among women with singleton pregnancies who delivered at the WCH between January 2000 and July 2010 was undertaken. Women dispensed domperidone were identified using WCH pharmacy dispensing records. Maternal and infant clinical data were obtained from the WCH Perinatal Statistics Collection. An audit of paper-based medical records was undertaken for a random sample of 261 mother-child pairs to collect prescribing and additional clinical data. Results: From 2000 to 2010, 1605 women were dispensed domperidone. There was a steady increase in the percentage of women dispensed domperidone, from < 0.5% in 2000 to > 5% of total WCH pregnancies in 2010. Among women dispensed domperidone, the percentage of women who received > 1 dispensing remained consistent (20%) over time, as did the median number of days (12) from delivery to first dispensing. Multiparous women were more likely to receive domperidone within 3 days following delivery compared to primiparous women (8% vs 4%; P < .01). Most women (80%) received directions to take domperidone according to a standard tapering dosing regimen over 12 days. Notably, 60% of women had no documentation of being assessed by a lactation consultant. Conclusion: From 2000 to 2010, there was a considerable increase in domperidone dispensing. With a lack of clinical evidence to guide use, current practice appears to be based on anecdotal evidence.
IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) Standard Advancement Testing

This document specifies tests to determine if multiple independent instantiations of a performance-metric RFC have implemented the specifications in the same way. This is the performance-metric equivalent of interoperability, required to advance RFCs along the Standards Track. Results from different implementations of metric RFCs will be collected under the same underlying network conditions and compared using statistical methods. The goal is an evaluation of the metric RFC itself to determine whether its definitions are clear and unambiguous to implementors and therefore a candidate for advancement on the IETF Standards Track. This document is an Internet Best Current Practice.
Independent influences of body mass and gastric volumes on satiation in humans.

BACKGROUND & AIMS We assessed the association of body mass and gastric volumes (fasting and postprandial) with satiation and postprandial symptoms. METHODS Healthy obese and nonobese subjects underwent measurement of caloric intake at maximum satiation; postprandial symptoms were measured with visual analogue scales 30 minutes after a meal. Gastric volume during fasting and after 300 mL of Ensure was measured with technetium-99m single-photon emission computed tomography imaging. We used multiple regression analysis to assess the associations among variables. RESULTS Among 134 participants (81 women and 53 men), the median age was 26 years (range, 12-58 years), and the median body mass index was 24 kg/m(2) (range, 17-48 kg/m(2)). Increased body mass index, but not height, was associated with delayed satiation (P < 0.003, adjusted for sex). Overweight and obese subjects ingested, on average, 225 +/- 57 more kilocalories (945 +/- 239 kJ) at maximum satiation compared with normal weight individuals. Increased fasting gastric volume was not associated with body mass index or height, but it was significantly associated with delayed satiation (P = 0.001, adjusted for body mass index and sex). An increase of 50 mL in the fasting gastric volume was associated with 114 +/- 32 kcal (479 +/- 134 kJ) more ingested at maximum satiation. Increased body mass index was associated with lower fullness scores 30 minutes after a meal (P = 0.0012, adjusted for sex and volume of Ensure ingested). In contrast, scores of postprandial bloating and pain were higher with increased body mass index (both P < 0.05, adjusted for sex and volume of Ensure ingested). CONCLUSIONS Greater body mass index and fasting gastric volume are associated with reduced satiation. Increased body mass index or height was not associated with greater gastric volumes.
Computer recording of standard tests of visual neglect in stroke patients

Objective: To determine whether a computer-based method for recording standardized assessment of neglect identifies abnormalities in the ‘process’ as well as in the ‘outcome’ of such tasks. Design: Prospective sequential assessment of patients admitted to a stroke rehabilitation unit. Subjects: All consecutive patients with right-sided cerebrovascular accident confirmed on computerized tomography (CT) scan including 30 patients with neglect, 57 patients without neglect. An age-matched control group of 13 subjects. Intervention: All patients were tested using the standard Rivermead Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) and by computer recording of two standard tests for assessing neglect (line bisection and Albert's test). Age-matched controls were tested using computer recording of the two standard tests. Main outcome measures: Neglect was defined using the BIT with a cut-off score of 129. Computer recording measured the ‘outcome’ of tasks, i.e. the deviation from midline and omissions in cancellation, as well as the ‘process’ of tasks, i.e. time between cancellations, components of cancellation time including premovement, movement and drawing time, and the starting point for cancellation. Results: The computer recording identified significant differences in ‘outcome’ and ‘process’ which distinguished neglect from non-neglect patients. There were significant differences between non-neglect patients and age-matched controls with regard to ‘process’ measures but not with regard to ‘outcome’ measures. Conclusions: Computer recording of standard tests for assessing neglect identifies novel impairments with regard to the process of carrying out tasks. These impairments may be used to investigate changes in neglect with time, the response of neglect to treatment and to explore further the neuropsychological changes associated with neglect in stroke patients.
Defining Demand Management

Purpose: Define demand management concept and provide a guidance for the preconditions that need to be in place in order for a company to implement demand management process with its suppliers and customers. Design/methodology/approach: Uses the systematic literature review divided into three stages: planning the review, conducting the review, and reporting the review. Findings: This study clarifies the concept of demand management as the creation of synergies between operations and marketing aiming at understanding the market and developing actions synchronized with the company strategy, production capacity and final customer needs. Thus, in order to implement demand management process, it is necessary to understand the market through the capability analysis, constraints, and opportunities of external and internal environments to the organization. Such knowledge, together with the guidelines and strategic and operational practices of the company, focus on designing an efficient operational system to synchronize supply and demand through sales forecasting. In order to do so, the company needs a collaborative supply chain that consist of establishing corporative efforts between internal functions and external agents to the company aiming at meeting the final customersâ€™ needs and obtaining competitive advantage. Practical implications: This study contribute to a better understanding and a broader view of demand manag-ement. The framework proposed has considerable applicability for practitioners providing guidance to implement demand management process in order to overcome the challenges of combining customer needs and supply chain capabilities. Originality/value: The demand management concept and framework have not previously been studied in great depth. The paper provides new knowledge and further contributes to academic thinking by clarifying demand management concept and proposing a guidance for demand management implementation.
COMPLETE TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT VESSELS

In complete transposition of the great vessels the relative positions of aorta and pulmonary artery are reversed. Venous blood drains, as normally, into the right side of the heart but is returned immediately to the aorta: oxygenated blood passes from the pulmonary veins into the left side of the heart but is pumped through the pulmonary artery back to the lungs. The two circulations are independent and survival is possible only if other cardiac defects allow shunts of blood from each circuit to the other. Such different views have been expressed recently about the diagnostic value of the X-ray silhouette, and about the prognosis that the time is ripe to attempt to explain and reconcile some of these differences. This paper is based on a study of 16 children with complete transposition: eleven were boys and five girls. The diagnosis has either been confirmed by necropsy or, in the surviving patients, is based on clinical and radiological evidence. Incidence. Keith (1948) gives the incidence of complete transposition as about 10 per cent of all cases of congenital heart disease. Of 300 children with congenital heart disease seen at the Birmingham Children's Hospital in eighteen months, 72 were cyanosed; 36 suffered from Fallot's tetralogy and 16 from complete transposition. This suggests the importance of the' condition to the pxdiatrician. During this same eighteen months, 24 cyanosed children died; 9 had complete transposition and 6 Fallot's tetralogy. Since there is such a difference in the prognosis of the two conditions and as only one is readily amenable to surgery, it is highly desirable that an accurate diagnosis should be made early in infancy.
Earnings News, Expected Earnings and Aggregate Stock Returns

In contrast to firm-level relations, researchers have found that aggregate earnings changes and aggregate stock returns are negatively related. In this paper, we construct new measures of aggregate earnings news based on revisions in analyst forecasts. The findings suggest aggregate earnings news is positively related to contemporaneous stock returns. The results also show that aggregate stock returns are positively related to unexpected aggregate forecast errors, and negatively associated with expected aggregate earnings growth. Taken together, these findings suggest the negative relation between aggregate earnings changes and aggregate contemporaneous stock returns results from the expected component of aggregate earnings, rather than aggregate earnings surprises.
A novel stable cluster protocol for mobile ad hoc networks

Based on the willingness factor, which considers relative mobility of nodes, a stable cluster protocol, which includes a stable clustering algorithm and a cluster maintenance scheme, is presented for mobile ad hoc networks. Simulation results show that compared with other cluster protocols, the proposed protocol effectively ensures the stability of the cluster architecture in highly-dynamic mobile environment because the willingness factor and cluster maintenance scheme take into account the mobility of every node and the relative mobility feature between nodes
Effect of cantilevers for implant-supported prostheses on marginal bone loss and prosthetic complications: systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of cantilevers upon implant-supported fixed partial dentures on marginal bone loss (MBL) and prosthetic-related complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic literature search was conducted in the PubMed database by two reviewers (LTM and AM) for articles written in English from June 2003 to January 2013 that were prospective human clinical trials with the clear purpose of appraising the effect of implant-supported fixed partial prostheses on peri-implant bone level and prosthetic complications. Data from the selected studies were extracted to carry out the statistical analysis. RESULTS Following the method described earlier, from initial research of 643 studies, 4 human clinical studies met the inclusion criteria and provided enough data to include them in the present meta-analysis. For the overall data, the pooled weighted mean (WM) of the MBL was 0.72 mm (range, 0.49 to 1.10 mm), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.36 to 1.08 mm. For the chi-square test, P = . 60, representing a low heterogeneity among studies. MBL around implant-supported restorations with and without cantilevers was not found to be significant between both groups. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was 0.10 mm (favoring the non-cantilever group), with a 95% CI = -0.18 to 0.39 mm (P = .47). For the chi-square test, P = . 97, also indicating a low degree of heterogeneity between the studies. CONCLUSION The dearth of scientific evidence in this matter does not permit clear conclusions to be drawn. However, within the limitations, marginal bone loss does not seem to be influenced by the presence of cantilever extensions. Moreover, minor technical complications were found when a cantilever was present when compared to the control groups.
Compact Wireless EEG system with active electrodes for daily healthcare monitoring

Development of Wireless EEG system is described. Realtime impedance monitoring and active electrodes are introduced in order to reduce noise from impedance changes caused due to body motion, and to prevent noise from power line interference, respectively. EEG ASICs are developed for the system. The complete system has a low noise (60nV/√Hz) and is packaged in a compact enclosure (38mm × 38mm × 16mm). The system is evaluated against different types of artefacts and possible applications with the system are discussed.
Adaptive mechanisms in gaze control.

The potential for the brain to adapt, by adjustment of central nervous system pathways to lesions in the nervous system, represents one of the most fascinating, yet least understood, areas of brain research today. The phenomenon of adaptive plasticity is not, however, a mere curiosity of brain function but rather an important fundamental property of the normal brain to integrate sensorimotor system interaction and match it in response to the changing external environment of the outside physical world. How the brain adapts to control the position of the eye in space, ie, gaze, is the subject of this book in the new series Reviews on Oculomotor Research. The volume is a masterly review of current facts and theories, edited by two leading experts, A. Berthoz, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Neurosensorielle du CNRS, Paris, and G. Melvill Jones, Aerospace Medical Research Unit, McGill University, Montreal. A prestigious international faculty has contributed a
Analgesic efficacy of diclofenac sodium versus ibuprofen following surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.

OBJECTIVE An evaluation is made of the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac sodium versus ibuprofen after impacted lower third molar surgery. STUDY DESIGN The patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups (ibuprofen or diclofenac). The difficulty of third molar surgery, performed under local anesthesia, was assessed by the degree of inclusion involved. The recorded study variables were pain intensity and the need for rescue medication during one week. The recordings were made once a day at the same time, using a patient-completed questionnaire. RESULTS Eighty-one patients were finally included in the study (87.1%). The results were similar in the first 48 postoperative hours in both groups, though on the third day the diclofenac group tended to show higher pain scores--the differences being nonsignificant, however (p<0.05). This tendency was also reflected by an increased need for rescue medication and the consumption of a larger number of tablets in the diclofenac group. CONCLUSIONS There were no statistically significant differences in analgesic efficacy between diclofenac sodium and ibuprofen, though the former was associated with an increased need for supplementary medication in the first two postoperative days (p<0.05).
Current concepts: scapular dyskinesis

The scapula serves many roles in order for proper shoulder function to occur. These roles include providing synchronous scapular rotation during humeral motion, serving as a stable base for rotator cuff activation and functioning as a link in the kinetic chain. Each role is vital to proper arm function and can only occur when the anatomy around the shoulder is uncompromised. The presence of bony and soft tissue injury as well as muscle weakness and inflexibility can alter the roles of the scapula and alter scapular resting position and/or dynamic motion. This altered scapular position/movement has been termed ‘scapular dyskinesis’. Although it occurs in a large number of shoulder injuries, it appears that scapular dyskinesis is a non-specific response to a painful condition in the shoulder rather than a specific response to certain glenohumeral pathology. The presence or absence of scapular dyskinesis needs to be determined during the clinical examination. An examination consisting of visual inspection of the scapular position at rest and during dynamic humeral movements, along with the performance of objective posture measurements and scapular corrective maneuvers, will help the clinician ascertain the extent to which the scapula is involved in the shoulder injury. Treatment of scapular dyskinesis should begin with optimised anatomy and then progress to the restoration of dynamic scapular stability by strengthening of the scapular stabilisers utilising kinetic chain-based rehabilitation protocols.
Narrowband propagation characteristics at 2.45 and 18 GHz in underground mining environments

We present the propagation characteristics at 2.45 and 18 GHz resulting from the statistical analysis of a narrowband measurement campaign in an underground mining environment. Parameters, such as the amplitude distribution of the envelope, level crossing rate, average fade duration and coherence time of the channel, have been examined. An analysis by linear regression has also been used to study the variations of the received power according to the transmitter-receiver distance.