Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric ozone and its precursors: reanalysis over the past 45 years and projections for 2030

Abstract Within the European Union project RETRO a reconstruction is made of the chemical composition of the troposphere since 1960 with the focus on ozone and its precursors. Long-term simulations are currently being performed using several global chemistry-transport and chemistry-climate models. Meteorological input is provided by the 45-year reanalysis ERA-40, which has recently been completed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Changes in anthropogenic emissions are taken into account by a new inventory covering the whole period; estimates of the interannual variability of biomass burning and biogenic emissions are also included in the models. In this paper we present some preliminary results of this chemical reanalysis, which eventually should include changes in tropospheric ozone and precursor gases as well as in the associated radiative forcing. The results of the reconstruction will also be discussed in the context of future changes to be expected on the basis of the ‘2030 Photcomp’ experiment, which has recently been performed as a contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In this experiment, projections are made of the air quality and the tropospheric composition for the year 2030 based on the new International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) emission scenarios ‘Current Legislation’ and ‘Maximum Technically Feasible Reduction’ as well as the IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) scenario A2.
Reply

may make the improvement obtained with the rigorous theory too small to appreciate. In any case, future data might elucidate this extreme. In summary, both the calculations developed and the presentation in an open web site seem very useful but only practice can determine what degree of improvement this new tool means in the accuracy of astigmatism correction.dAdelina Felipe, PhD, Jos e M. Artigas, PhD
Accuracy of 12 Lead ECG For Diagnosis of Posterior Myocardial Infarction Taking 15 Lead ECG As Gold Standard

INTRODUCTIONThe acute management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is based on interpretation of the ECG. Thisis typically undertaken by doctors in the emergency department (ED) and acute medical unit. Increasingly, the ECGdiagnosis is being made by paramedics, allowing them to pre-alert the ED or even initiate thrombolytic therapy inregions where primary angioplasty is unavailable. Identification of ST-segment elevation or presumed new left-bundlebranch block in combination with a history of cardiac chest pain results in prompt initiation of reperfusion therapy.SUBJECT AND METHODA cross sectional study was done at Cardiology Department, Bolan Medical College, Quetta. Total duration was from01/02/2018-30/07/2018. 196 patients were recruited from Out Patient Department and Emergency Department of BolanMedical Complex, Quetta on the basis of inclusion/exclusion criteria, that is all patient with chest pain and age >18 and< 70 with posterior MI as per operational definition presenting within 12 hours of symptoms were included and allpatients with underlying LBBB on ECG, PPM and paced rhythm on ECG and pericardial effusion were excluded asthey are effect modifiers and bring bias in study.RESULTSTotal 196 patients were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Mean age (years) in thestudy was 40.28+14.38 whereas there were 123 (62.8) male and 73 (37.2) female patients in the study. The diagnosticaccuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 12 lead ECG for diagnosis of posterior myocardial infarction taking 15lead ECG as gold standard was 82.14%, 87.12%, 57.58%, 91.03% and 47.50% respectively.CONCLUSIONThe study concludes that diagnostic accuracy of 12 lead ECG for diagnoses of posterior wall myocardial infarction washigh. The high sensitivity identified more patients to be re vascularized early.
Books Received

Lines and is certainly a form of cognitive bias. In the end, I began to question the effectiveness of all this slicing and dicing of biases. Her chapter on the “power of words and tone” puts her back on track. Exploring what is in essence a language or rhetorical bias, Christian reminds the reader that words can and often do have multiple meanings expressed in terms of “otherness words,” politicized words, judgment words, and code words. Muslim, for example, is an otherness word often applied erroneously to Arab Americans. Pro-life and pro-choice are, of course, politicized words; looting versus finding is offered as a way to understand judgment words; code words are euphemisms such as “minorities, blue-collar workers, fundamentalists, [or] activists” (p. 142). Ultimately, although her examination of biases begins to get repetitive and loses some of its sharpness, the book’s style and presentation redeem itself as a valuable classroom tool and professional resource. Frequent “On Assignment” sidebars showcase relevant contributions from professional journalists, and excellent chapter reviews and exploration exercises can be used to stimulate in-class discussions. Practical tips, such as those for developing an inclusive mindset, should be of value to practicing journalists and students alike. Online access to fulllength example stories and explanatory videos is an added plus. Instructors should be aware, however, that the book falls short when it comes to ethics and moral theory. Christian never makes the leap from undesirable journalistic practice to unethical practice. The closest she gets is a one-page discussion of how the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), the National Press Photographers Association, and the Project for Excellence in Journalism broach the concept of bias. Unfortunately, her discussion is terribly short. She omits, for example, the first statement in the SPJ Code of Ethics: “Test the accuracy of information from all sources and exercise care to avoid inadvertent error. Deliberate distortion is never permissible” (1996). Her discussions of confirmation bias and the heuristic biases would likely benefit from a direct reference to the SPJ’s code that encourages journalists to test the accuracy of information from all sources. Some instructors, as well as some professionals, might be put off by Christian’s decision to dispense with an ethical viewpoint. For those who are not, her book should be considered an important addition to the classroom in addition to the newsroom.
IAP Statement on Ocean Acidification

• Oceans play a critical role in the global carbon cycle by absorbing about a quarter of the CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from human activities; • The rapid increase in CO2 emissions since the industrial revolution has increased the acidity of the world’s oceans with potentially profound consequences for marine plants and animals especially those that require calcium carbonate to grow and survive, and other species that rely on these for food; • At current emission rates models suggest that all coral reefs and polar ecosystems will be severely affected by 2050 or potentially even earlier; • Marine food supplies are likely to be reduced with significant implications for food production and security in regions dependent on fish protein, and human health and well-being; • Ocean acidification is irreversible on timescales of at least tens of thousands of years; • Even with stabilisation of atmospheric CO2 at 450 ppm, ocean acidification will have profound impacts on many marine systems. Large and rapid reductions of global CO2 emissions are needed globally by at least 50% by 2050.
Theoretical Approaches to the Management of the Public Service Media Firm

This article argues the need for a theory of the media firm. Universal theories of management and context-dependent contingency theories of management control are identified. Other theoretical approaches to media organizations are reviewed: media management, theories of not-for-profit organizations, and theories of political management. The contribution to the theory of the media firm by 2 French scientists is analyzed-Bourdieu and Debray. This article concludes that a theory of the public service media firm needs to use several building blocks, some with relatively well-known sources, some with more recent origins. Avenues for further research are indicated, which may add angles to the development of a theory of managment in the public service media firm.
Methamphetamine Emergencies

SUMMARY The alarming rise in emergency department visits related to crystal methamphetamine use is cause for concern for any clinician caring for patients who may use the drug. According to the most recent Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) report, the problem is escalating in New York City in particular. The toxic effects of the drug can be dangerous and even fatal. Early recognition and basic interventions can be life sustaining, so it is important for clinicians to understand the range of toxicity and basic management strategies. There are a number of case reports showing that nearly all organs of the body are affected by crystal methamphetamine use, but certain patterns are clear. Patients may present to emergency departments dangerously psychotic, having seizures, strokes, or heart attacks. Also, patients may be in respiratory distress from asthma-like bronchospasm or may develop kidney failure from the toxic effects of muscle hyperactivity. The disinhibition and impulsivity associated with the frequent combination of methamphetamine and sildenafil (Viagra) puts the individual at serious risk for many sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, syphilis, and antibiotic resistant staphylococcal skin infections. In addition, if a patient is having cardiac chest pain and does not reveal that they are using Viagra, standard emergency care is dangerous. Protease inhibitors, taken by a large number of patients with HIV, may cause a fatal reaction with methamphetamine even after a single dose. Finally, patients requiring emergency care are often in crisis and may be more receptive to intervention. When the decision is made to discharge the patient from the emergency department, a “brief intervention” strategy is effective at establishing that a problem exists, preventing future risk, and beginning recovery.
Introduction

This special issue of the Journal of Modern Italian Studies and its companion issue JMIS 16(3) present cutting-edge research on the second generation in Italy. According to recent figures (ISTAT 2009), the number of legally resident foreigners has grown from just under 2 million in 2003 to a little under 4 million in 2009, making up nearly 7 per cent of the total population. Figures for children of immigrants have risen even faster, moving from 412,432 to 862,000 in the same period, with a corresponding rise in school enrollments. Indeed, the children of immigrants born in Italy now make up the fastestgrowing segment of the Italian population. Thanks to voluminous scholarship, we know a great deal about the first generation. Key characteristics include integration in the lowest levels of the labor market, social marginalization, unbecoming media and political portrayals, and perennial struggles with an often contradictory and inefficient immigration system. Since the beginning of mass influx in the late 1980s, however, newcomers in greater numbers have secured steady employment, enjoyed an increasing standard of living, formed families and put down roots in Italy. Given the timing of mass immigration to Italy, large cohorts of children of immigrants are now moving through the Italian school system, gaining citizenship and staking a claim as a new kind of Italian. While their parents remain in most cases oriented toward their country of origin, where they may have family obligations and eventually hope to retire, the second generation see Italy as home (or one of their homes) and do not as easily shrug off the ignominies of discrimination, lack of opportunities for advancement and unflattering stereotypes. Given that educational outcomes are good indicators of adult economic status, how are immigrant students faring in Italian schools? Since schools provide cultural training and a forum for interaction as well as academics, what are the experiences of children of immigrants in their new surroundings? How will youth, particularly young women, negotiate the distance between parental societal expectations regarding gender and sexuality? In what ways will members of the second generation craft their identities in a country where, even if born in Italy, they remain legally foreigners until the age Journal of Modern Italian Studies 16(4) 2011: 434–436
Education, Social Justice and School Diversity: Insights from the Capability Approach

Abstract This paper offers a theoretical exploration of the impact of diversity in schools on attitudes to inequality in students’ later life. Reflecting on recent changes on the school system in England, and building on work on how values are formed and how inequalities between groups may be either perpetuated or changed, it seeks to investigate the development of values and agency goals relating to the reduction of poverty and inequalities, particularly between groups. School education has the potential to foster civic participation and moral values, and formal schooling can be seen as a unique site for the development of such values at a formative period of individual development, through processes such as collective reasoning and encounters with difference and inequality. While these issues have been explored with regard to educational content, most notably through citizenship education, it is equally important to consider the social context within which formal learning takes place, particularly the diversity of the school body itself, and how this is managed. This paper draws on existing literature on education, values and school diversity to examine how the capability approach can provide insights into the development of social justice values through education.
Needed

Abstract Most research has focused on the individual characteristics of homeless young people, yet contextual factors such as service delivery are crucial to understanding this population's pathways in and out of home or stable accommodations. The limited research that has examined service delivery has documented the importance of providing appropriate services. To understand the pathways that enable young people to exit homelessness and become safely housed, we discuss the need for better descriptive and evaluation information that accurately reflects the perspectives of service providers and clients.
PLUNDERING PARADISE: THE HAND OF MAN ON THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS

There is an old saying to the effect that one should not judge a book by its cover. In the case of this recent volume by Michael D’Orso, the saying might be amended to the effect that one should not judge a book by its title. On the face of it, this book purports to be a studied commentary on humanity’s impact on the ecosystems of the Galápagos Archipelago. Thus, one would expect from this book’s title, or more accurately its subtitle, that it would have broad appeal to readers of this journal. It would likely attract the interest, as well, of many others around the world who have heard about the extraordinary biodiversity of the islands and about the extraordinary efforts made to preserve and protect them. But the book is not, in fact, a studied commentary on the impact people have had on the Galápagos. It is not really a studied commentary at all. In his prologue, D’Orso writes that:
BOOK REVIEW

Our social experiences as perceiving beings cause physical changes in our brains and in our bodies. We might call this process “embodiment,” whereby the body physical comes to reflect the body politic. The Whitehall studies in England showed that among white-collar workers, social class independently explained variation in cardiac mortality (Smith et al., 1990; Marmot et al., 1991, 2001; Brunner et al., 1993; Marmot & Shipley 1996; van Rossum et al., 2000; Kuper & Marmot 2003; Chen et al., 2001; Bach et al., 1999). Racial differences in access to health care are widespread and pernicious in the United States and contribute to health inequality between racial groups (Chen et al., 2001; Bach et al., 1999). Controlling for access to health care and other cardiac risks, simply living in a poorer neighborhood leads to worse cardiac mortality (Roux et al., 2001). Controlling for similar factors, differences in educational attainment can explain up to a 2.5-fold difference in mortality (Pappas et al., 1993). Elegant studies from England and Sweden show that childhood deprivation has long-term consequences on adult mortality (Leon & Davey-Smith, 2000; Claussen et al., 2003). The same is true for the mind; socioeconomic gradients account for different rates of depression and other forms of mental distress (Martikainen et al., 2003; Stansfeld et al., 2003; Kuper & Marmot, 2003). And the mind, or at least the perception and awareness of inequity, mediates some of these physical differences in mortality (Stansfeld et al., 2002;
Applying gray-scaled detour phase hologram on liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator (LCoS-SLM)

In order to solve the representation problem of computer-generated holograms, multiple algorithms have been devised. One of which is the well-known detour phase method. This method has recently been modified to be optimized to display the generated hologram on twisted nematic spatial light modulators. In this paper, we apply the modified gray-scaled detour phase holograms on another type of spatial light modulators, which is of utmost importance in the field, namely the reflective liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator.
A comparison of culture and PCR methods for identification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolated from acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Objective: To determine Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) isolated from periodontal patients and healthy subjects using culture and PCR methods. Methods: Duplicate paper point needles were taken from 100 samples (50 healthy subjects and 50 patients), who referred to the specialized dental clinic from Oct. 2015 to Mar. 2016. In laboratory after incubation period and observing the star-shaped colony A. actinomycetemcomitans, the confirmation tests, including gram staining and catalase test were carried out. For PCR, samples were analyzed with genus specific primers. These primers set, amplified a 500 bp fragment. Results: Of the 100 samples, A. actinomycetemcomitans was isolated from 31 patients (31%), (24 isolate of patients, and 7 isolate of healthy subjects) by using a selective Aggregatibacter isolation medium. Using PCR, a total of 49 (49%) samples were found to be positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans (35 isolate of patients, and 14 isolate of healthy subjects). Conclusion: PCR was found to be highly sensitive when genus specific primers were used for diagnosis of A. actinomycetemcomitans in comparison with culture method.
BOOK REVIEWS

ABSTRACT LEGALLY WED: SAME SEX MARRIAGE AND THE CONSTITUTION. Mark Strasser. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-88014-3406-8 (cloth) $25.00; 0-88014-8429-4 (pbk) $16.95; x + 241 pp. Reviewed by Joseph Sartorelli. BEYOND CARNIVAL: MALE HOMOSEXUALITY IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRAZIL. James N. Green. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1999. xiii + 408 pp. Reviewed by Peter Sigal. THE GLOBAL EMERGENCE OF GAY AND LESBIAN POLITICS: NATIONAL IMPRINTS OF A WORLDWIDE MOVEMENT. Edited by Adam, Barry D. , Duyvendak, Jan Willem & Krouwel, André. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1999. viii + 381 pp. Reviewed by Gerard Sullivan. MORAL PANIC: CHANGING CONCEPTS OF THE CHILD MOLESTER IN MODERN AMERICA. Philip Jenkins. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1998. 302 pp., $30.00. Reviewed by Mark McHarry. PEDOPHILES ONPARADE: VOLUME1:THE MONSTERINTHE MEDIA; VOLUME 2: THE POPULAR IMAGERY OF MORAL HYSTERIA. David Sonenschein. San Antonio, Texas: D. Sonenschein, 1998. 562 pp., $40 institutions, $36 individuals plus $5 S/H; PO Box 15744, San Antonio, TX 78212. Reviewed by Mark McHarry.
Cuidados à pacientes com tuberculose em uma unidade de saúde no sul do Brasil: um relato de experiência de enfermeiros

Introducao: A tuberculose e um problema de saude publica mundial e uma das principais causas de obitos no mundo. A adesao ao tratamento configura-se como um dos maiores desafios na Atencao a Tuberculose. Destaca-se a relevância da Atencao Primaria em Saude e da participacao ativa do enfermeiro na execucao das atividades para o controle desta doenca. Objetivo: relatar a vivencia de enfermeiros no processo de cuidado a pacientes com tuberculose, em uma Unidade de Saude de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodo: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiencia. Resultados: As estrategias utilizadas na US em estudo, como consulta a demanda espontânea, busca ativa de sintomaticos respiratorios e a consulta de enfermagem realizada atraves da Sistematizacao da Assistencia de Enfermagem, possibilitou o fortalecimento de vinculo com os pacientes, a identificacao precoce da tuberculose e maior adesao ao tratamento. Conclusoes: A alta prevalencia e incidencia de Tuberculose no Brasil exige que esta doenca seja considerada como prioritaria na atencao a saude. A atuacao da equipe multiprofissional e o diferencial da APS, e o profissional enfermeiro tem papel fundamental na articulacao das acoes e estrategias para combate a tuberculose. A pratica da consulta a demanda espontânea e da consulta de Enfermagem fortalece o vinculo com o paciente, a prevencao de contagio, a manutencao da adesao ao tratamento, a superacao de barreiras relacionadas ao tratamento e o controle dos sintomaticos respiratorios, para o alcance da cura efetiva da tuberculose.
The Conservation of British Cetaceans: A Review of the Threats and Protection Afforded to Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises in UK Waters, Part 2

This the second part of a review on cetacean conservation in the UK covering legal aspects of conservation. The first part covered the established and emerging threats affecting cetaceans. This review makes a series of recommendations that should be urgently implemented if the policymakers in the UK truly plan to meet their conservation commitments and save the British whales and dolphins for generations to come.
Young, queer, and Catholic: Youth resistance to homophobia in Catholic schools

ABSTRACT Drawing from the author's 5-year, multimethod qualitative study, this article argues that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer students in Canadian Catholic schools are not inherently mentally ill, passive victims in need of special Catholic pastoral care; instead, they are activists who strongly resist homophobic oppression in school. This article concentrates on three youth activists, whose stories are analyzed through narrative inquiry and are contextualized in the larger study's methodology. The article concludes that antihomophobia education efforts should not overlook potential student leaders in Catholic schools.
Tattvabodha and the hierarchical necessity of Abraham Maslow

The problems of modern man may be related with the difficulty in understanding human nature and its motivations. The Vedic text Tattvabodha by Sankaracharya as well as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs help us to better understand human being and its motives. The purpose of this essay is to articulate an approximation between Tattvabodha and the Hierarchy of Needs. The benefits are that such dialog allows a better understanding of each text, separately and jointly. For Sankaracharya, man is constituted by five layers: food, energy, lower mind, higher mind, and happiness. On the other hand, for Maslow, there are eight needs which may be separated into deficit needs and higher needs. The layers related to food and physiological needs are very close, as well as happiness and self-actualization and transcendence needs.