Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mass–Metallicity Trends in Transiting Exoplanets from Atmospheric Abundances of H2O, Na, and K

Atmospheric compositions can provide powerful diagnostics of formation and migration histories of planetary systems. We investigate constraints on atmospheric abundances of H2O, Na, and K, in a sample of transiting exoplanets using the latest transmission spectra and new H2 broadened opacities of Na and K. Our sample of 19 exoplanets spans from cool mini-Neptunes to hot Jupiters, with equilibrium temperatures between ∼300 and 2700 K. Using homogeneous Bayesian retrievals we report atmospheric abundances of Na, K, and H2O, and their detection significances, confirming 6 planets with strong Na detections, 6 with K, and 14 with H2O. We find a mass–metallicity trend of increasing H2O abundances with decreasing mass, spanning generally substellar values for gas giants and stellar/superstellar for Neptunes and mini-Neptunes. However, the overall trend in H2O abundances, from mini-Neptunes to hot Jupiters, is significantly lower than the mass–metallicity relation for carbon in the solar system giant planets and similar predictions for exoplanets. On the other hand, the Na and K abundances for the gas giants are stellar or superstellar, consistent with each other, and generally consistent with the solar system metallicity trend. The H2O abundances in hot gas giants are likely due to low oxygen abundances relative to other elements rather than low overall metallicities, and provide new constraints on their formation mechanisms. The differing trends in the abundances of species argue against the use of chemical equilibrium models with metallicity as one free parameter in atmospheric retrievals, as different elements can be differently enhanced.
Success of Machine Learning algorithms in Dynamical Mass Measurements of Galaxy Clusters

In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been successfully employed in Astronomy for analyzing and interpreting the data collected from various surveys. The need for new robust and efficient data analysis tools in Astronomy is imminently growing as we enter the new decade. Astronomical data sets are growing both in size and complexity at an exponential rate and ML methodologies can revolutionize our ability to interpret observations and provide new means of discovery. In this essay we focus on recent success of ML algorithms in predicting the dynamical mass of galaxy clusters. We discuss the results of the study performed by Ho et al. [1] and their implications, where it was found that ML algorithms outperform conventional statistical methods and can offer a robust and accurate tool for dynamical mass estimation.
Impact of moderate exercise training on heart mitochondrial acetylome

Physical activity has been suggested to have a cardioprotective role, which seems to be related with mitochondrial adaptation. Aiming a better understanding of the impact of exercise training on heart functionality and, specifically, on the regulation of mitochondrial activity, in the present work we applied a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach for the characterization of mitochondrial proteome adaptation to 54 weeks of moderate treadmill exercise. Focus was given to mitochondrial acetylome and so, enrichment strategies based on immunoprecipitation with anti-acetyl-lysine and anti-SIRT3 antibodies were used. Data highlighted the beneficial impact of 54-weeks of treadmill exercise on cardiac functionality. The analysis of mitochondria isolated from rat heart evidenced an exercise-related greater ability to produce ATP. Concomitantly, the mitochondrial expression of SIRT3 increased in exercised animals and was paralleled by alterations in the profile of acetylated proteins in heart mitochondria. These acetylated proteins are involved in a wide range of biological process being of notice the metabolism, which becomes more dependent on carbohydrates metabolism with lifelong exercise training. Curiously, none of the identified acetylated proteins are targets of SIRT3, according to STRING bioinformatics tool. Immunoprecipitation with anti-SIRT3 followed by LC-MS/MS did not allowed the identification of SIRT3 substrates. In the future, it will be important the identification of the enzymes involved in the regulation of mitochondrial acetylome besides SIRT3 to better characterize the impact of this posttranslational modification on the biological processes activated by lifestyle.
Investigation of Nrf2 activity measures for assessing the toxicological and pharmacological effects of drugs

6 Acknowledgements . 8 Publications. 9 Abbreviations. 10 Chapter 1 General introduction . 13 Chapter 2 Bioluminescent imaging of Nrf2 reveals localised chemical stress associated with drug-induced organ toxicity . 52 Chapter 3 Blood-based analysis of the Nrf2 pathway . 105 Chapter 4 Investigation of putative Nrf2-regulated genes in human hepatocytes . 137 Chapter 5 Use of Nrf2 reporter genes to assess the potencies of novel sulforaphane analogues . 181 Chapter 6 General discussion . 201 References . 212 Appendix. 232
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: Understanding Individuals Not Vaccinating in the South Using 2016 National Immunization Survey-Teen Data (NIS-Teen)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: Understanding Individuals Not Vaccinating in the South Using 2016 National Immunization Survey-Teen Data (NIS-Teen) By Saron Ephraim May 1, 2018 INTRODUCTION: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a highly contagious virus known to cause many cancers in men and women. Vaccination for HPV has been available since 2006 but coverage levels remain low with initiation rates at 60% and only 43% completion. The lowest vaccination rates are found in the South. AIM: This study aims to use data from the 2016 National Immunization Survey –Teen to evaluate parental reasons for not vaccinating their teen for HPV among respondents in the South. The study evaluated the demographic correlations of the top four reasons reported for not vaccinating against HPV. METHODS: Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test was done to assess possible differences for individuals initiating HPV vaccination and those who had not by sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression done evaluated several sociodemographic factors for top reasons for not vaccinating. Analysis of the data was done using Statistical Analysis Systems 9.4. RESULTS: The top four reasons given for not vaccinating for HPV were: 1) vaccine is not needed/not necessary; 2) vaccine was not recommended; 3) concerns about vaccine safety/side effects and 4) lack of knowledge about vaccine. Mother’s education, mother’s age, race of teen, and gender were significantly associated with the top four reasons. DISCUSSION: The results of this study imply specific sociodemographic factors are associated with the top four reasons for declining HPV vaccine. Highly educated mothers were significantly associated with the top four reasons for declining vaccine.
Early Targeted Combination Treatment With Conventional Synthetic Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Long‐Term Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Ten‐Year Follow‐Up Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial

The short‐term outcomes of remission‐targeted treatments of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are well‐established, but the long‐term success of such strategies is speculative, as is the role of early add‐on biologics. We assessed the 10‐year outcomes of patients with early RA treated with initial remission‐targeted triple combination of conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), 7.5‐mg prednisolone, and additional infliximab (IFX) or placebo infusions.
The dose effect of lentil flour incorporated in a snack on blood glucose, satiety, and food intake in young male adults

Functional foods are seeing increased potential for use in improving the health outcomes of Canadians, specifically in a population experiencing an aging demographic with increased rates of overweight, obesity, and chronic diseases. Pulses have been recognized for their added health benefits, when consumed as both a whole pulse, or as a processed ingredient added to foods. Many novel methods of processing pulses have been developed to increase their access as an added functional ingredient in food product development. While there are some differences in the functional properties of pulse ingredients based on the processing methods, there is little translation of the method of processing used to produce pulse ingredients to the consumer. The current investigation sought to quantify the dose needed to elicit a positive effect on postprandial glycaemic control and short term food intake in male subjects/participants following consumption of a solid snack food product formulated with whole lentil flour. The secondary objective was to measure the subjective feelings of hunger in participants. There were four treatments used in this study: an energy-free water control, a snack bar formulated with 24g wheat flour, a bar replacing 12g of wheat flour with lentil flour, and a snack bar with 24g of lentil flour. The wheat and lentil flours used for this study were controlled for particle size, with 79μm and 94μm grind sizes, respectively. A sample of healthy men (n=12), aged 19-30 were recruited, and consumed one of the four treatments after completing an overnight fast followed by consumption of a standardized breakfast. Blood samples were collected at time 0,10, 20, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, and analysed for glucose. Short term intake was measured via an ad libitum pizza meal consumed at the end of the 2 hour study period. There was an effect of 12g lentil flour on suppressing subjective feelings of appetite by ~10% compared to the wheat-based control. While not significant, this effect appeared to significantly impact short term food intake (p˂0.05). The bar formulated with 12g lentil flour resulted in a non-significant reduction of subsequent food intake by 122kcal compared to the wheat-based control, and 230 kcal compared to the water control. There was no effect of treatment for both caloric treatments and water free control on mean 2 hour blood glucose or tAUC, iAUC or niAUC values. While there were no significant effects seen on blood glucose over the 2-hour study period, both treatments containing lentil flour appeared to delay the post-prandial glycaemic response, resulting in a smaller increase in blood glucose concentration compared to the wheat control. The addition of as little as 12g of pulse flour may play a role in satiety, food intake, and delayed post-prandial glycaemia.
Factors that effect breast-feeding in women who access Wic clinics in southern Utah

Factors that eflect breast-feeding in women who access WIC clinics in Southern Utah by Sandra Snow Dr. Margaret Louis, Examination Committee Chair Associate Professor o f Nursing University of Nevada, Las Vegas Breast-feeding has many advantages: transfer o f immune properties that protect against infection, decreased allergy incidence, promotion o f brain development, and enhanced bonding between mother and child. The purpose o f this study was identification o f factors that influence a woman’s decision to breast-feed or not to breast-feed. The population sampled was women with infants who accessed Women, Infant, and Children clinics for services. Data were collected using a tool designed by Hill (1991) to study breast-feeding in WIC versus nonWIC mothers and provided data to answer the five research questions. Demographic data revealed most o f the 144 mothers were white, married, and had at least completed 12 years o f school. Recommendations from the findings and conclusions raise support for further
Characterizing Cortical and Spinal Markers of Lower Limb Movement Preparation

Preparation for an action involves a variety of inhibitory and excitatory processes that influence the efficiency and scaling of the movement. The purpose of this thesis was to identify the cortical and spinal contributions regulating excitability while preparing for differentially cued lower limb tasks and how individual strategy influences these measures. Twenty-six participants were presented with two reaction time tasks (simple and complex) using a GO/NO-GO paradigm. During the foreperiod, transcranial magnetic stimulation and/or percutaneous electrical stimulation were performed to evoke a muscle response in tibialis anterior as measures of corticospinal and spinal excitability, respectively. Analyses showed no significant effect of task predictability or strategy on cortical and spinal measures; corticospinal and spinal excitability were modulated to a similar extent irrespective of the task. Future work should investigate other potential modifiers of preparatory excitability such as arousal and environment.
The Treatment Effects of Sliding Mechanic System During En-Masse Retraction in Adult Maxillary Dental Protrusion Patients

Introduction: Protrusion of maxillary anterior teeth is usually found in adult patients with exposed in maximal incisal display at rest. En-masse retraction of the anterior teeth with maximum anchorage control should be done without extrusion and excessive retroclination of the incisors. One interesting method to en-masse retract with achieving these treatment goals is using the asymmetrical V-bend for retraction of the six maxillary anterior teeth. Objectives: To investigate the effects of en masse retraction system with asymmetrical V-bend archwire in the dental changes of the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar Material and methods: The 17 adult subjects (mean age 20.44 + 4.75 years) with protrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth who were planned with bilaterally extraction of the maxillary first premolars with maximum anchorage control and presented the residual extraction space at least 4 mm after correction of crowding were selected for this study. An 0.018x 0.022inch stainless steel wire bent as asymmetrical V-bend was engaged on full-sized anterior brackets (0.018x0.025inch slot) and oversized premolar brackets similar in the size with buccal tubes on the first molars (0.022x0.028inch slot). Exerting 150 g of force were used bilaterally for the en masse retraction until 4 months period of observation. Lateral cephalograms and study models were taken at pre-retraction (T1) and after 4 months of retraction (T2) periods to evaluate the treatment effects. Wilcoxon signd-ranks test was used to analyze the data. Results: The data analysis showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in all dimension of tooth movement. The maxillary incisor was retracted 0.7 + 0.3 mm, retroclined 3.00 + 0.85 ̊and intruded 0.24 + 0.31 mm. The maxillary second premolar and the first molar were moved mesially 0.31 + 0.31mm and 0.29 + 0.27 mm, respectively. In the angulation changes, the premolar was tipped distally 3.25 + 1.47° and the molar was tipped distally 3.25 + 1.47°. In vertical changes, the premolar was extruded 0.35 + 0.33 mm while the molar was
Advances in the treatment of HCV infection

Wirus HCV odkryty został w 1989 roku. Próby leczenia oparte na interferonie okazały się być mało skuteczne, a także obarczone licznymi zdarzeniami niepożądanymi. Na przestrzeni lat 90. XX wieku oraz w wieku XXI doszło do opracowania metod badawczych pozwalających na syntezę leków o bezpośrednim działaniu przeciwwirusowym (DAAs). Leki te stosowane są bez interferonu, w większości przypadków także bez rybawiryny i charakteryzują się skutecznością przekraczającą 95%, a nawet zbliżoną do 100%. Mają ponadto korzystny profil bezpieczeństwa, pozwalający na stosowanie ich w szczególnie trudnych grupach pacjentów (z marskością, niewydolnością wątroby, niewydolnością nerek, po przeszczepach narządowych, ze wspołzakażeniami HBV lub HIV). Z względu na występowanie substytucji związanych z lekoopornością na DAAs, trwają prace badawcze nad pangenotypowymi lekami o wyższej barierze genetycznej. Bardzo wysoka skuteczność nowoczesnych terapii budzi nadzieję na eradykację zakażenia HCV w skali globalnej, pod warunkiem zapewnienia szerokiego dostępu do terapii oraz lepszej wykrywalności zakażeń.
Patient's Perception and Attitude of Pharmacist during Pharmacy Visits in Saudi Arabia

Purpose: To explore patient’s perception and attitude during pharmacy visit in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a 4-month cross-sectional survey of patient perception regarding pharmacists. The survey consisted of two parts: the first part captures demographic information and the second part is a questionnaire with 49 questions divided into four domains: (1) The first domain is regarding patient’s general perception of the pharmacist; (2) the second domain captures data of patient’s perception regarding pharmaceutical care services; (3) the third domain is regarding patient’s perception of visiting ambulatory care; and (4) the fourth domain captures information on patient's perception regarding the pharmacist’s relationship and counseling skills. We used the 5-point Likert response scale system to obtain responses of the participants. There were openand close-ended questions. The survey was distributed through social media to a 500-bed general hospital in Alhassa region, an ambulatory care pharmacy. The authors interviewed the patients with an electronic survey documentation. The survey analyzed domain three, which is about the patient’s perception of visiting ambulatory care through Survey Monkey system. Results: A total of 617 patients responded to the survey. Of them, 536 (87.7%) were Saudi and 75 (12.3%) were non-Saudi nationals. There were 457 (74.1%) female and 160 (25.9%) male responders. In the past 12 months, most of the patients (222 (36%)) visited the pharmacy more than 10 times, whereas the others (122 (19.8%)) visited the pharmacy at least 5–9 times. Most of the patients (481 (83.5%)) spent less than 11 min with the pharmacist. The average score of patients’ general perception of the pharmacist during pharmacy visit was 3.74. The highest score was obtained for the statements received all medications prescribed to me (4.16) and pharmacy convenient located (4.0). 4 The lowest score was obtained for the statement pharmacy waiting area convenient located (3.38). The average score of patient perception of the pharmacist with drug monitoring during the pharmacy visit was 3.74. The highest score was obtained for the statement—the patient revived a copy of prescription-contained medications (3.4), whereas the lowest score was obtained for the statement—the pharmacist gives a follow-up call to the patient as medications prescribed (2.09). The score for general evaluation of pharmacy visit was found to be 3.67 with a score of (3.55) for the preference to visit the pharmacy or recommendation to other patients or friends. Conclusion: According to our results, patient’s perception during pharmacy visit was found to be acceptable. Pharmacy communication methods and counseling place missed. Corrections of patient needs will improve patient's perceptions and raise patient satisfaction during visiting of pharmacy.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THE RHEUMATOID FOOT

Th e aim of this article is to present certain facts associated with rheumatoid foot surgery. Arthritic disease processes attack the joints, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and bones, causing deformity, pain, and loss of function. Th eir eff ect on the feet can be devastating. Deformities secondary to rheumatoid arthritis are more severe than those in other forms of arthritic diseases. A common deformity of the forefoot is hallux valgus. Th e lesser metatarsophalangeal joints, especially the second one, commonly show lateral subluxation and total dislocation, and the toes develop fl exion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and fl exion or extension of the distal interphalangeal joint. Th e hindfoot is less aff ected by the disease process, most oft en only in the late stage of the disease. Great progress has been made in the medical and surgical treatment of arthritic diseases. Several reconstructive procedures can be performed. For fi rst ray deformities: fi rst metatarsophalangeal joint fusion, Mayo or Keller resection, implant arthroplasty, synovectomy, proximal osteotomy of the fi rst metatarsal, and metatarsocuneiform fusion. For lesser metatarsophalangeal joints: extensor Pregledni rad
Amblyopia : assessment and treatment of binocular visual function

Unilateral amblyopia is a common neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity in the amblyopic eye (AE) & by abnormal inter-ocular visual function, e.g. reduced stereoacuity; without a concomitant etiological dysfunction. Standard treatment consists of a period of optical correction followed, when necessary, by occlusion therapy. Although ~70% children gain vision, this monocular therapy is limited by poor compliance and uncertain impact on stereo-function. Recently, binocular treatments have attempted to “rebalance” vision, by adjusting the intensity of monocular visual inputs (enhancing usage to AE or reducing fellow-eye -FE- one), while stimulating binocular cortical interactions. We have developed a “Balanced Binocular Viewing” (BBV) treatment that has patients spend an hour per day at home watching modified movies while wearing 3D goggles (to control what each eye sees). Movies present a blurred image to the FE and a sharp image to the AE. Performance (compliance and binocular-imbalance) is monitored throughout treatment using the child’s performance on a game, played during movie playback. Two ‘ghost’-stimuli, each made of a mixture of luminance increment/decrement, were presented dichoptically (some visible only through goggles): we quantified the mixture required for the child to be equally likely to report either ghost as ‘whiter’. Treating children (N=22) for 8-24 weeks lead to significant improvement in the AE acuity (mean gain: 0.27 logMAR). This is comparable to results achieved with occlusion, but elicits much higher compliance (89% of prescribed daily dose). We also compared our measure of binocular-imbalance to others, also quantifying sensory eye-dominance, to assess any test’s suitability to complement clinical practice. Pilot data measured with adult and children, with and without amblyopia, suggest that a variant of the ’ghost’-game is a potentially useful and efficient stand-alone clinical test with the advantage of being suitable for unsupervised home-based monitoring of patient’s binocular status.