Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Requirements and Optimal Nutrition Americans Do Not Meet Federal Dietary Recommendations 1

A longstanding goal of dietary surveillance has been to estimate the proportion of the population with intakes above or below a target, such as a recommended level of intake. However, until now, statistical methods for assessing the alignment of food intakes with recommendations have been lacking. The purposes of this study were to demonstrate the National Cancer Institute’s method of estimating the distribution of usual intake of foods and determine the proportion of the U.S. population who does not meet federal dietary recommendations. Data were obtained from the 2001–2004 NHANES for 16,338 persons, aged 2 y and older. Quantities of foods reported on 24-h recalls were translated into amounts of various food groups using the MyPyramid Equivalents Database. Usual dietary intake distributions were modeled, accounting for sequence effect, weekend/weekday effect, sex, age, poverty income ratio, and race/ethnicity. Themajority of the population did not meet recommendations for all of the nutrient-rich food groups, except total grains and meat and beans. Concomitantly, overconsumption of energy from solid fats, added sugars, and alcoholic beverages (“empty calories”) was ubiquitous. Over 80% of persons age$71 y and over 90% of all other sex-age groups had intakes of empty calories that exceeded the discretionary calorie allowances. In conclusion, nearly the entire U.S. population consumes a diet that is not on par with recommendations. These findings add another piece to the rather disturbing picture that is emerging of a nation’s diet in crisis. J. Nutr. 140: 1832–1838, 2010.
Have credit rating agencies become more stringent towards Japanese regional banks

This article investigates empirically whether foreign and domestic credit rating agencies tightened their standards for evaluating Japanese regional banks from 2000 to 2009. We extend and enhance previous studies, including Gonis and Taylor (2009), by estimating an ordered probit model using pooled data for this period. Our results reveal that foreign agencies did not rate Japanese regional banks more stringently during this period, perhaps because they wished not to repel clients and reduce their revenues. Japan’s rating agencies showed the opposite tendency, perhaps to seek credibility among foreign investors.
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate: MRI and MR spectroscopy features.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the MRI and MR spectroscopy features of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate. CONCLUSION MRI and MR spectroscopy do not appear to provide the ability to reliably detect the lakes of extracellular mucin seen in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Segmentation interactive pour l'annotation de photographies de paysages

Cet article traite de la segmentation interactive dans le cas de problemes multiclasses. Nous proposons une nouvelle methode capable de retrouver les objets semantiques presents dans une image, a partir d’echantillons donnes par un utilisateur. Notre methode a ete testee avec succes sur deux problemes de reference. Nous montrons par ailleurs qu’elle s’avere extremement utile pour realiser des annotations de photographies.
Joint Audit and Accuracy of the Auditor's Report: An Empirical Study

This study examines the effects of a joint audit on auditor’s report consensus and accuracy. We investigate whether a joint audit, particularly the report issued, improves an audit’s quality. We measure the audit’s quality using the degree of auditor consensus in the auditor’s report. We also use an expected opinion, which we believe is appropriate in the defined circumstances, as a scale for the measurement of the report’s accuracy. Participants in the study were statutory auditors from Austria and Germany. At present, manners of improving audit quality and auditing decisions are being intensively discussed in the European Union and everywhere in the world. The joint audit approach is a very current topic in this discussion. Regulators and standard setters are extensively examining the benefits of various audit approaches. Nevertheless, in most countries, the joint audit approach is still utilised on a voluntary basis and is not very common. Our study provides evidence that auditors who use a joint audit approach achieve higher consensus and greater accuracy. In light of current discussion on improving the quality of audits by implementing new methods and regulations, these results are significant for both auditing practice and audit research. Despite this importance, there are very few studies and little research on improving quality through the use of a joint audit approach. Our results demonstrate the need for further investigation of the determinants of audit performance when using a joint audit approach. Using a case study research design and an interview, we draw conclusions and discuss necessary future research.
The Knowledge Authoring Tool: An XML-based Knowledge Acquisition Environment

As part of an enterprise effort to develop new clinical information systems at Intermountain Health Care, we are developing a Knowledge Authoring Tool that facilitates the development of medical knowledge. At present, users of the application can compose order sets and other clinical knowledge documents based upon XML schemas. The flexible nature of the application allows for the authoring of new types of documents once an XML schema and accompanying web form have been developed and stored in a shared repository. The need for a knowledge acquisition tool stems largely from the desire for medical practitioners to be able to write their own content for clinical use. We hypothesize that knowledge content for clinical use can be successfully implemented around XML-based document frameworks containing structured and coded knowledge.
Exploring the world of software maintenance: what is software maintenance?

In this column of the last issue of SEN (Vol. 10, No. 5), we started discovering the world of software maintenance through selected readings. In this issue we begin exploring the exciting and also depressing (I will try to explain this contradiction in a future column) world of software maintenance.The column of this issue is based on There is a Fortune to be Made in Software Maintenance: Opportunities in the $30 Billion Software After Market by Girish Parikh, copyright @ 1985 by Girish Parikh; published by Shetal Enterprises, Dept. SEN-SMN, 1787-B West Touhy, Chicago, IL 60626.
The importance of accurate blood pressure measurement.

Joel handler, Md, is an expert Panel Member of the eighth Joint national committee on High Blood Pressure; Hypertension clinical lead, care Management institute; and Hypertension lead for Southern california Kaiser Permanente, anaheim, ca. e-mail: joel.handler@kp.org. Clinical Scenario A woman, age 72 years, has blood pressures of 150/70 mm Hg and 150/80 mm Hg, obtained by a medical assistant (MA), on consecutive office visits and does not have a history of hypertension. The blood pressure cuff is properly sized, the MA is inquiring about the patient’s last mammogram while obtaining the blood pressure, and the patient is helping to hold her arm up within the MA’s grasp. The mean of a dozen blood pressure readings that the patient has obtained at home is 128/64 mm Hg. Does this patient have white-coat hypertension?
Rethinking the labor process

Citer cet article Clarke, L. (2000). Wardell, Mark, Thomas L. Steiger and Peter Meiksins, editors, Rethinking the Labor Process. Relations industrielles, 55 (3), 560–562. https://doi.org/10.7202/051346ar Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. [https://apropos.erudit. org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/]
A reavaliação de ativos e seus impactos na análise das demonstrações contábeis no Brasil

The present study aimed at conducting a survey on how companies deal with the reevaluation of assets, concerning their realization, taxation, periodicity and which are the impacts of this action on the accounting statements. Impacts which analyzed at the light of the most traditional indexes of analysis of accounting statements, regarding your basic tripod: liquidity, indebtedness and profitability. The research applied the bibliographical approach concerning the accounting theories and pertinent legislations. In the empirical aspect, the work was performed by means of documental survey from statements published by 120 companies that operate in Brazil and constitute the database used by the magazine "Melhores e Maiores", published by Abril Publishing House together with FIPECAFI. In these statements it was investigated the treatment given by companies for the reevaluation of assets and it was also calculated the companies indicators, considering the values with reevaluation. Later, excluding the effects of the reevaluation the indexes have been recalculated, being then submitted to the statistical test of Wilcoxon, with the objective of analyzing if there are significant differences between the two situations. The results found showed that many of the searched companies do not observe what is prescribed by legislation concerning the treatment given to the reevaluation. The practices investigated point to clues that the reevaluation is made with speculative and opportunistic objectives, when the company needs to improve its image in the presence of the market in which it performs. The differences found among the indicators before and after the reevaluation are also relevant and can cause mistaken evaluations of the companies situation, in the case the analyst is not attentive to its effects.
The Aggregation Domain of Aggregation Substance, Not the RGD Motifs, Is Critical for Efficient Internalization by HT-29 Enterocytes

ABSTRACT Aggregation substance (AS), a surface protein encoded on the pheromone-inducible plasmids of Enterococcus faecalis, has been shown to increase adherence and internalization into a number of different cell types, presumably through integrin binding mediated by the N-terminal RGD motif of AS. Here, defined mutations constructed in Asc10, the AS encoded by the plasmid pCF10, are analyzed for their ability to promote increased internalization levels into HT-29 enterocytes. The results clearly show that the previously identified Asc10 functional domain, not the RGD motifs, is critical for Asc10-directed internalization of E. faecalis into HT-29 enterocytes. Also, expression of Asc10 in the nonaggregating E. faecalis strain INY3000 is unable to mediate HT-29 internalization. However, Asc10-expressing E. faecalis cells are not internalized as bacterial aggregates, suggesting bacterial aggregation is not a prerequisite for HT-29 internalization. These data show that Asc10 directs internalization of E. faecalis into HT-29 enterocytes through a non-RGD-dependent mechanism.
FRAMEWORK FOR STUDYING LIMITATIONS OF ACHIEVABLE PERFORMANCE IN CONTROL OF NONLINEAR COMBUSTION PROCESSES

Abstract In this paper we propose a framework for studying fundamental limitations in the control of thermoacoustic instabilities described by nonlinear models. More generally, the framework applies to general interconnections of lightly damped linear oscillators and nonlinear static nonlinearities of saturation type driven by broad-band Gaussian disturbances. The key concept is to replace the static nonlinearities with their corresponding random input describing functions. This allows the application of classical fundamental limitations theory to the combustion models. In this paper we interpret the limitations results in the particular case of a model of a combustion process controlled by on-off actuators. We also formulate conservation principles to understand the dynamics associated with this combustion model.
Place and place-based planning.

Place-related concepts are factors in public involvement, conflict, recreation management, recreation displacement, landscape planning, and design. This has captured the attention of researchers and managers. The concepts of sense of place, attachment to place, place meanings, place dependence, place identity, and place-based planning are appearing more frequently in academic literature, agency publications, and the popular press. Place-oriented approaches to natural resource and community issues are receiving more attention from academics, policymakers, citizens, and resource managers. In academia, place is a topic in landscape architecture, environmental ethics, environmental psychology, rural sociology, anthropology, human geography, and the humanities. Academic and agency researchers and resource managers are using various methods to explore the meanings, experiences, and actions that enable us to understand place and the relations between people and their environments. There is a sizable literature on place and related concepts so we will not spend much time defining them in this paper. Farnum et al. (2005) review the literature on sense of place in recreation and tourism, and an edited collection of papers on place-related concepts applied in recreation and tourism studies (Kruger et al. (in press)) is in process. At a basic level, place concepts generally recognize that understanding emotional ties and symbolic meanings of environments is critical to understanding the implications of environmental change and why conflicts over resource management become so contentious (Brandenburg and Carroll 1995, Greider and Garkovich 1994, Kemmis 1990, Krannich et al. 1994). Also embedded in these ideas is the recognition that traditional market-based decision frameworks (Galliano and Loeffler 1999) and western approaches to science (Entrikin 1991; Orr 1992; Sagoff 1992a,b) have led to an under-representation of certain meanings and values that people often associate with nature, place, or
Effectuation as a construct for new business formation in South Africa

The field of entrepreneurship research offers differing theories regarding the underlying behaviours of entrepreneurs. These theoretical frameworks describe the behaviours and principal thought processes that entrepreneurs use to create new businesses. The unique attributes of the South African context, characterised by high unemployment and low entrepreneurial activity, together with new business formation make this field of research particularly important. Some of the major theoretical frameworks were reviewed in the study, and a qualitative study was employed using the Grounded Theory approach. Ten successful entrepreneurs were interviewed for the study and the data collected was used to provide insight into their behaviour and particularly sought to determine whether principles from Effectual Theory were present. The findings of the research supported some aspects of the important theoretical frameworks, emphasising the need for a multitude of perspectives rather than a single best framework. Particularly strong evidence of effectual entrepreneurial behaviours were found in the data, supporting the Theory of Effectuation as a construct for new business formation in South Africa. © 2014 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria.
Farmer's Literacy Rate as Key Driver in Food Production and Food Security: An Empirical Appraisal from Punjab, Pakistan

Farmer’s education in rural areas is an essential element to get better agricultural productivity (Mellor, 1976). The main purpose of the study is to examine that the literacy rate is key determinant in every aspect of agricultural production (food production). Either it is land, irrigation, livestock, agricultural credit or agricultural labor; literacy rate is serving as key driver in agricultural production as well as in food security. For this purpose cross-sectional data of Punjab province of Pakistan is used. Desired data were collected from Food Insecurity Report 2009 (SDPI, SDC and World Food Program 2009), Punjab Development Statistics (Government of Punjab 2009) and Punjab Agricultural Census Report 2010 (Government of Pakistan, 2012). OLS model was used to find out the results and the results show that the farmer’s literacy rate has positive and significance relationship with food security in both separate cases and overall contribution of all possible variables. Government should intervene in enhancing the educational programs for Farmers and play vital role in enhancing the farmer’s literacy rate.
A rare case of leukemia cutis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in an elderly patient

Primary cutaneous involvement in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is rare in elderly patients. Here we present a case of 65 years old male admitted to a metropolitan tertiary care hospital because of maculo-papular lesions on chest and back for last 3 months as chief complaint along with on and off history of fever, fatigability and anorexia. On general examination, there was no lymphadenopathy. Per-abdomen examination revealed hepato-splenomegaly. CT scan of chest and abdomen showed para-tracheal, pre-tracheal, carinal, hilar and abdominal lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration showed more than 80% of lymphoblasts. Flow cytometry of the bone marrow aspirate showed CD7, CD5, CD45 and TdT positivity indicating T–cell origin. Skin biopsy from maculo-papular lesion revealed secondary leukemic infiltration of the skin. Corroborating all the above findings, a final diagnosis of T-cell ALL with leukemia cutis was made. Thereafter patient was given chemotherapy and after one month, the skin lesions started resolving and total leukocyte count (TLC) decreased. One week later, skin lesions relapsed with fall in hemoglobin and rise in TLC. Repeat bone marrow aspirate showed 90% blasts cells. Then, patient was put on palliative therapy but his condition progressively deteriorated and ultimately died within four months of diagnosis.
Aging Blow Fly Eggs Using Gene Expression: A Feasibility Study

Abstract: Forensic entomology can aid death investigations by using predictable developmental changes to estimate the ages of flies associated with a body. In developmental stages that do not increase in size however, including the egg and pupa, it can be difficult to objectively refine an age estimate beyond the limits of the stage duration. Gene transcript levels, changing throughout development, represent a potential data source useful for objectively identify smaller units of developmental time. The expression of three genes (bcd, sll, cs) was profiled throughout the maturation of blow fly eggs to determine the feasibility of predicting age, identifying significant linear trends in expression during their development. Models estimating egg age made predictions within 2 h of true age when all expression data were available, while the presence/absence of cs transcripts identified two age classes, together indicating that gene expression can be used to more precisely predict blow fly age.
Market Access Maps: A Bilateral and Disaggregated Measure of Market Access

MAcMaps (Market Access Maps) is a bilateral and disaggregated measure of market access which has been constructed to integrate the major instruments of protection (ad valorem and specific duties, prohibitions, tariff quotas, anti-dumping duties, norms) at the most detailed level (tariff lines), as well as all discriminatory regimes. It is derived from TRAINS (UNCTAD) source files, and AMAD (the Agricultural Market Access Database results from a cooperative effort by Agriculture and AgriFood – Canada , the EU Commission Agriculture Direction-, the FAO, the OECD, the World Bank, the UNCTAD, and the United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service) databases, and integrating notifications obtained from member countries of the WTO regarding their anti-dumping regimes. Lastly these files are combined with data from the COMTRADE (UN) database. MAcMaps measures the market access for 223 exporting countries into 137 countries at the level of the tariff lines for the year 1999. It can be applied to any geographic or sectoral breakdown using a procedure that minimises the endogeneity bias while accounting for the importance of products in international trade: in MAcMaps, the protection of an importing country is weighted by the imports of the reference group this country belongs to, the grouping criteria being GDP per capita. We present four case studies: the first one is a general estimation of protectionism for 8 countries (European Union, USA, Japan, Australia, Morocco, Brazil, Switzerland and China) and 6 sectors (Cereals, Other agricultural and food products, Other primary products, Textiles and clothing, Other manufacturers, Services). The second case study is an original measurement of tariff peaks. Identifying the most protected countries is the third case study and the last one is a measurement of the importance of technical barriers and standards.
The impact of bilateral therapy on upper limb function after chronic stroke: a systematic review

Purpose. To determine the evidence for bilateral therapy interventions aimed at improving upper limb (UL) function in adults with a range of UL activity limitations due to a first time chronic stroke. Method. Seven databases were searched prior to 2008 for articles reporting experimental studies investigating bilateral UL interventions on functional outcome in participants with a first stroke, 6 or more months prior. Included articles were evaluated with the quality index, a tool which evaluates the quality of both randomised and non-randomised studies. Data relating to study design and functional outcome were extracted. Results. Nine articles were included; three reported on randomised controlled trials (RCT) and six on cohort studies. Eight studies incorporated a mechanical device as their bilateral intervention. Bilateral arm training with rhythmic auditory cueing (BATRAC) was the most commonly used mechanically based intervention, and three of the four uncontrolled BATRAC studies reported significant improvements in UL function post-intervention, however these results were not substantiated by a RCT study of the BATRAC intervention. One study demonstrated significant functional improvements after 6 days of training with a non-mechanical bilateral task. Of the four studies that performed a follow-up assessment, three reported significant improvement in UL function. Quality index ratings of the included studies ranged from 18 to 25 out of 27. Conclusion. There is some evidence that bilateral therapy improves function in adults with chronic stroke, however more quality RCTs are required to strengthen this evidence.