Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Long‐term Stability of Multi‐barrier Systems for Nuclear Waste Disposal in Geological Clay Formations

Large amounts of radioactive waste await final disposal worldwide. Repository facilities that will host this waste must be capable of ensuring very long-term isolation to protect the environment and ensure the safety of the future generations. Because of this need, the concept of geological disposal of radioactive waste emerged in the late 1950s and is now considered, in many countries, to be the best option to ensure safe, long-term containment of radioactive waste. A combination of waste overpacks (e.g. metal canisters, concrete), engineered barriers such as bentonite, and natural barriers such as clay rocks, constitutes the elements of the so-called "multiple-barrier system" between the waste matrix and the biosphere. These barrier properties will evolve with time in response to the physical and chemical interactions between the various constituents of the barriers and the surrounding environment. Consequently, predicting how these properties evolve is important for performance evaluations of the repository concepts. In recent decades, reactive transport modeling codes have become more and more efficient and are used as a bridge between current process knowledge and predictive capabilities. After describing the basic principles that have guided how these reactive transport models are constructed, their usefulness will be exampled on the modelling of clay-concrete interaction. The complexity of the multispace and temporal-scale issues will be tackled by modelling a ten years in-situ experiment and reviewing predictive modelling that have been carried out for timescales that are not accessible to experimentation.
Comparative Interrelationship of the Structural , Nonlinear-optical and Other Acentric Properties for Oxide , Borate and Carbonate Crystals

5 YMnO3 180K C6v 226.8 186.3 297 6 LuMnO3 C6v 223.4 185.9 253 7 ScMnO3 C6v 205 179 341 8 AlPO4 C6v 166.2 145.9 232 9 Rb0.33(Ga0.1W0.9)O3 C6v 312 165 192 10 Cu2WO4 C6v 175.3 169.7 23 11 Zn2Mo3O8 C6v 208 191 39-40 12 Fe2Mo3O8 С6v 196.2 195.6 71 13 PbV6O11 C6v 248.5 182.6 46 14 Fe2.5V1. 5V6O16 C6v 198 189 335 15 Li2GeO6 C6v 193 175 143 16 Li2SiO6 C6v 192 163 143 17 CaAl12O19 C6v 270 174 58 18 Ba5(ReO5)3O2 C6v 264 175 325 19 Sr4Ru3.05O12 C6v 256 184 59 20 La8Ru4O21 C6v 238.2 192 182 21 YGaO3 C6v 227.7 184 326 22 K4Sb2O3 C6v 248 173.9 286 23 K6MgO4 C6v 267 199 207 24 YMn0.75(Cu0.75Mo0.25)0.75O3 C6v 225 176 679
Determining Star Formation Thresholds from Observations

Most gas in giant molecular clouds is relatively low-density and forms star inefficiently, converting only a small fraction of its mass to stars per dynamical time. However, star formation models generally predict the existence of a threshold density above which the process is efficient and most mass collapses to stars on a dynamical timescale. A number of authors have proposed observational techniques to search for a threshold density above which star formation is efficient, but it is unclear which of these techniques, if any, are reliable. In this paper we use detailed simulations of turbulent, magnetised star-forming clouds, including stellar radiation and outflow feedback, to investigate whether it is possible to recover star formation thresholds using current observational techniques. Using mock observations of the simulations at realistic resolutions, we show that plots of projected star formation efficiency per free-fall time εff can detect the presence of a threshold, but that the resolutions typical of current dust emission or absorption surveys are insufficient to determine its value. In contrast, proposed alternative diagnostics based on a change in the slope of the gas surface density versus star formation rate surface density (Kennicutt-Schmidt relation) or on the correlation between young stellar object counts and gas mass as a function of density are ineffective at detecting thresholds even when they are present. The signatures in these diagnostics sometimes taken as indicative of a threshold in observations, which we generally reproduce in our mock observations, do not prove to correspond to real physical features in the 3D gas distribution.
"Statistics: For the Rest of Us"

Various computerized statistical packages have long been utilized by sales and marketing professionals for a variety of tasks, ranging from marketing research to sales analysis. Quite a few of the mainframe statistical packages have been converted for use on microcomputers, and a number of packages have been especially designed for these machines. Three major factors seem to be driving the shift of traditional statistical computing from the mainframe environment to the microcomputer equipped desktop. First, there is convenience. Microcomputer based packages provide an alternative to the inherent access problems of a mainframe environment. The second factor is the friendlier environment of
Continuous Wavelet Transform: ECG Recognition Based on Phase and Modulus Representations and Hidden Markov Models

In this chapter the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), based on a complex analysing function, is applied to characterize local symmetry of signals, and it is used for ECG arrhythmia analysis. The first part of this chapter is more theoretical. The behaviour of CWT square modulus of a regular signal f(t) when the scale parameter goes to zero is studied. For a signal with local symmetry properties, the phase behaviour of its CWT is also examined. These results are then extended, under some conditions, to signal without local symmetries. The second part is more experimental and numerical examples on simulated data illustrate the mathematical results. Finally, the use of these properties is considered in automatic ECG recognition and identification by means of hidden Markov models (HMMs). The presentation emphasizes how a suitable parameter vector, corresponding to the input observation sequence of the Markov chain, can be built and applied.
Magnetic Field and Electron Density Data Analysis from Swarm Satellites Searching for Ionospheric Effects by Great Earthquakes: 12 Case Studies from 2014 to 2016

We analyse Swarm satellite magnetic field and electron density data one month before and one month after 12 strong earthquakes that have occurred in the first 2.5 years of Swarm satellite mission lifetime in the Mediterranean region (magnitude M6.1+) or in the rest of the world (M6.7+). The search for anomalies was limited to the area centred at each earthquake epicentre and bounded by a circle that scales with magnitude according to the Dobrovolsky’s radius. We define the magnetic and electron density anomalies statistically in terms of specific thresholds with respect to the same statistical quantity along the whole residual satellite track (|geomagnetic latitude| ≤ 50°, quiet geomagnetic conditions). Once normalized by the analysed satellite tracks, the anomalies associated to all earthquakes resemble a linear dependence with earthquake magnitude, so supporting the statistical correlation with earthquakes and excluding a relationship by chance.
Classification of weighted support vector machine based on active learning

In classification with support vector machine,aiming at problems of the excessive expense caused by obtaining the training samples set and imbalanced samples of the class in some machine learning.A weighted support vector machine based on active learning algorithm is proposed.In machine learning process,n new samples which most conduce to improving the performance of classifier are forwardly chose from the candidate samples set every time and added to the training samples set to study.The class weighting factor and the sample weighting factor are introduced and whose punished parameters are related to these weighting factor.Experiment shows that it can reduce the number of training examples effectively and resolve the bias of the optimal hyperplane of SVMs when samples are un-balanced.The weighted support vector machine based on active learning algorithm can obtain a better classification performance in the lower number of training samples and unbalanced samples.
Measuring Acoustic Intensity Field in Upscaled Physical Model of Ear

ii Abstract (in Finnish) . iii Preface . iv
Second-order perturbations in Alfvén waves in cold plasma approximatio

The second-order amplitude perturbations driven by Alfvén waves are studied. Equations for such second-order perturbations are derived and their solutions are found. The second-order perturbations are shown to be generated by the magnetic pressure of the waves. They represent plasma flows and magnetic field perturbations in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the field perturbation and plasma displacement in the Alfvén wave. In connection with the interpretation of fast plasma flows observed in the magnetotail, of particular interest is the description of second-order flows, which relates their properties to properties of Alfvén waves and the disturbance that generates them. The results suggest that at least some of the fast plasma flows observed in the magnetotail can be one of the manifestations of propagating Alfvén waves. The environment model and cold plasma approximation in use are quite applicable for the plasma sheet boundary layers, where an essential part of the fast plasma flows occurs.
Three Results in Quantum Physics

This thesis is split into three disjoint sections. The first deals with two practical issues regarding the use of unitary 2-designs. A simplified description of how to generate elements of the smallest known unitary 2-design on qubits is given which should be usable even for people who do not have much experience with the mathematics of finite fields. The section also gives a new way to decompose an arbitrary element of the Clifford group into one and two qubit gates and is by far the simplest decomposition of its kind. The second section describes similarities and differences between a probabilistic formulation of classical mechanics and quantum mechanics, with the intention that it could become a resource for physics students to show that just because a physical phenomenon is strange it is not necessarily quantum. The third section is speculative and delves into the relationship between a highly theoretical field of quantum information science, Quantum Prover Interactive Proofs, and a highly practical area of quantum information science, error characterization. Previously unnoticed links are drawn between these fields with the intention that further research can provide fertile ground for both to flourish.
Stabilization of a Class of Nonlinear Systems With Random Disturbance via Intermittent Stochastic Noise

In this paper, the issue of stochastic stabilization of nonlinear systems via intermittent Brownian motion under random disturbance is investigated. Two types of noise are considered. One is Brownian noise that is regarded as an intermittent control input. The other is the random disturbance caused by the unknown external environment, which can lead to time fluctuations of the intermittent Brownian noise stabilization. We first present an intermittent stochastic system with random disturbance. We then propose an almost sure stability condition for the underlying system. The stability results are then used to stabilize the memristive Lorenz system. Numerical simulations are also given to validate the effectiveness of the theoretic results obtained.
The Science of Grapevines: Anatomy and Physiology

Written by a recognized expert, and based on his experience in teaching the subject to students with a variety of educational backgrounds, The Science of Grapevines: Anatomy and Physiology is the only book to comprehensively explore the physiology of the grapevine as it occurs around the world.While other books have focused on the vines of specific regions, the globalization of the wine industry and the resulting increase of lands around the world being used for grapevine cultivation has left a gap in information. This book addresses not only the specific issues and concerns of grapevines from regions around the world, but includes important emerging topics such as global climate change, water relations, temperature effect and more.The truly unique approach of this book is the scientifically-grounded exploration, often applying discoveries in other plant species, of the main physiological processes underlying grapevine form and function, their interactions, developmental and environmental control, and their implications for practical vineyard management
Human Body Dynamics Classical Mechanics And Human Movement

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Adubação nitrogenada na produção e na qualidade de frutos de maracujazeiro amarelo

A cultura do maracujazeiro amarelo e explorada comercialmente de norte a sul do Brasil, envolvendo regioes tropicais e subtropicais. Seu cultivo encontra-se em fase de expansao em razao das otimas perspectivas de comercializacao. Neste contexto o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubacao nitrogenada na producao do maracujazeiro amarelo irrigado nas condicoes de Cassilândia (MS). Foi utilizado um experimento com delineamento em blocos casualizados ao acaso, sendo testadas 5 doses de nitrogenio (0, 80, 160, 240 e 320 kg ha-1), com 4 repeticoes, espacadas em 3 m entre linhas e 4 metros entre plantas; cada unidade experimental foi constituida por 6 plantas, sendo 4 plantas a area util. A conducao da cutura foi realizada em forma de espaldeira, conduzido por um fio de arame a 1,8m de altura. A aplicacao dos tratamentos foram parcelada em 6 vezes (11/2006 a 05/2007), iniciando 5 meses apos o transplantio. A colheita foi realizada de 29/11/2006 a 17/08/2007. O aumento da adubacao nitrogenada promoveu uma resposta de comportamento polinomial quadratica para o total de frutos; producao comercial e total; produtividade comercial; espessura da casca; o SST e pH do solo. O aumento das doses de N promoveu uma resposta decrescente para peso medio de frutos comerciaveis; rendimento de polpa e o numero de sementes. Nao sendo verificado efeito dos tratamentos para total de frutos comerciaveis, peso medio, diâmetro equatorial e comprimento de frutos; pH da polpa. A adubacao nitrogenada influencia na producao e a qualidade do maracujazeiro amarelo , nas condicoes de Cassilândia (MS), pode ser aplicado de 116 a 173 kg ha-1 de nitrogenio em cobertura.
A designers perspective on future memory architectures for software defined radios

Data-rich wireless communication terminals, such as smartphones, are integrating an increasing number of wireless access standards. To limit the manufacturing cost, both academia and industry are investigating the concept of software-defined radios (SDR). In this paper, we focus on the design challenges for building the memory architecture of such SDR platforms. Particularly, we advocate the use of advanced processing technologies for reducing cost, and limit the power consumption with widely distributed, still reliable and testable, memory architectures and by applying better-than-worst-case design methods for coping with process uncertainties, inherent to nano-scaled technologies.
Procesamiento no lineal en sistemas WDM de alta capacidad.

En este trabajo se analizan distintos metodos de procesamiento digital de senales orientados a mitigar efectos de dispersion y no linealidades en sistemas de comunicaciones opticas coherentes de alta capacidad, con el fin de mejorar su rendimiento. Se introducen dos tecnicas estudiadas en la literatura actual: ecualizacion por propagacion digital inversa (DBP) y filtrado de Volterra; y se desarrollan rutinas de procesamiento offine para su implementacion en distintos escenarios de simulacion. Posteriormente se realiza la comparacion de los ecualizadores en funcion de su desempeno y su complejidad computacional. Se consideraron transmisiones de 20 a 100 Gbps, a traves de enlaces opticos de 800 a 2400 km. Por otro lado, se presentan los resultados de simular un modelo basado en teoria de perturbaciones denominado Gaussian Noise (GN), que permite realizar una estimacion de la interferencia no lineal en sistemas de comunicaciones opticas mediante una sencilla forma de calculo.
Node Energy Aggregation Mechanism Based on Forecast Model in WSN

Through the analysis of the node energy attenuation,this paper uses energy attenuation forecast model to describe the law of energy consumption.The reporting mechanism based on the forecast model is set up,which can significantly reduce the reporting counts,data traffics in netsworks and node consumption.Experimental results show the working time of Telosb node can expend 1%～4.5% after using this forecast model.
Mechanism Design A Linear Programming Approach

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A nonconforming Trefftz virtual element method for the Helmholtz problem

We introduce a novel virtual element method (VEM) for the two-dimensional Helmholtz problem endowed with impedance boundary conditions. Local approximation spaces consist of Trefftz functions, i.e. functions belonging to the kernel of the Helmholtz operator. The global trial and test spaces are not fully discontinuous, but rather interelement continuity is imposed in a nonconforming fashion. Although their functions are only implicitly defined, as typical of the VEM framework, they contain discontinuous subspaces made of functions known in closed form and with good approximation properties (plane-waves, in our case). We carry out an abstract error analysis of the method, and derive [Formula: see text]-version error estimates. Moreover, we initiate its numerical investigation by presenting a first test, which demonstrates the theoretical convergence rates.
Incidence homology for the hyperoctahedral group

The incidence structure of the cross-polytope gives rise to certain modular representations for the hyperoctahedral group. In this thesis we introduce and begin the study of these natural representations. In particular we show that they satisfy a branching rule. This branching rule is used to extract information about the representations and underlying combinatorial objects. Amongst the information extracted is a formula for the dimensions of the representations. This has applications in calculating the p-rank of incidence matrices arising from the cross-polytope. We also construct explicit generators for the representations and identify cases where the representations are irreducible.
System for measuring and logging electromagnetic frequency spectra with software defined radio

Electromagnetic compatibility is an ever growing field due to the increasing integration and reliance on electronics and wireless communication. Today, almost no band in the frequency spectrum is unoccupied and there is a need to measure the characteristics of the spectrum in the real world to be able to specify, design and test new electrical systems in a relevant way. In this project we explore the usage of software defined radio as an inexpensive mobile logging electromagnetic spectrum analyzer and its application against unintentional and deliberate electromagnetic interference in a wide frequency band from DC to 6 GHz. The deployed system is based on a universal software radio peripheral from Ettus Research and a small general purpose computer with wireless transmission of spectrum data over WAN and battery backup for complete, stand alone, operation.
Computer Programming in Elementary and Middle School: Connections across Content

Computing has impacted almost all aspects of life, making it increasingly important for the next generation to understand how to develop and use software. Yet, a lack of research on how children learn computer science and an already impacted elementary school schedule has meant that very few children have the opportunity to learn computer science prior to high school. This chapter introduces literature on teaching computer programming to elementary and middle school, highlights three studies that span elementary and middle school, and discusses how programming can be integrated into other content areas and address national standards.
Enhancing the Competitiveness of an Independent Feature Film Production Company through the Application Of New Digital Technologies using Knowledge Transfer A Case Study of Green Screen Productions

This paper describes the Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP) between Green Screen Productions (GSP), a commercial feature film production company, and the University of York’s Department of Theatre, Film and Television (TFTV). Supported by the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) and the Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC), the two-year project began in January 2013. A contextual discussion details how the feature film industry is undergoing a significant technological transition as it moves away from traditional analogue tools towards digital systems. The paper describes how this changing industry context prompted the KTP project as GSP seeks to become more competitive by embracing new technologies and processes in order to maximise efficiency and profitability. After describing the origin of the relationship between GSP and TFTV, and the development of the KTP, the paper discusses how the main objective of the project was to develop a set of resources to enable the company to choose and apply different types of digital technologies in support of production and distribution of its film projects. It then discusses the strategy to achieve this objective and how the knowledge transfer process between the Company Partner, Knowledge Base and Associate occurred. Lastly, the paper presents the benefits that each partner has obtained since the project was initiated.