Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Índice cintura/estatura como predictor de presión arterial en niños mexicanos: Estudio de seguimiento

Objetivo: Valorar el efecto del incremento en indice cinturaestatura (ICCE) sobre el desarrollo de presion arterial elevada en ninos mexicanos. Material y metodos: Seguimiento de 313 ninos preescolares durante un ano. Se midio estatura y circunferencia de cintura (CC) y se calculo el ICCE (cm CC/cm estatura). La presion arterial (PA) se obtuvo con un esfigmomanometro de mercurio. Se clasificaron a los ninos con presion arterial elevada de acuerdo con el cuarto reporte de diagnostico, evaluacion y tratamiento de presion sanguinea elevada en ninos y adolescentes. Se valoro longitudinalmente el impacto de indicadores de masa corporal (indice de masa corporal, CC y grasa total) e ICCE sobre el desarrollo de presion elevada en modelos independientes. Con efectos aleatorios usando la prueba de Husman para probar la adecuacion del modelo. Resultados: El incremento de una unidad de ICCE aumenta 1.75 el riesgo de presentar HTA. Conclusion: El ICCE es un mejor predictor de PA elevada en comparacion con IMC y CC en ninos preescolares seguidos en el tiempo.
Measurement of scene-dependent quality variations in digitally coded television pictures

Experiments are reported in which the ITU-R Double Stimulus Continuous Quality Scale (DSCQS) method was used to assess scene-dependent, time-varying television picture coding distortions introduced by MPEG-2 coding, at bit rates ranging from 1 Mbit/s to 7.5 Mbit/s. Test sequence lengths of both 10 s and 30 s were employed, the latter in an attempt to present to subjects a more representative range of quality variations, which were found to be large. In forming quality judgements of 30 s sequences, subjects gave significantly more weight to impairments occurring towards the end of the sequence; for identical impairments in the first and in the last 10 s of such a sequence, the difference in rating was typically about half a scale point on a 5-point scale. This recency effect is probably linked to the short-term nature of human working memory.
Differential Expression of Ethylene Signaling and Biosynthesis Genes in Floral Organs Between Ethylene-Sensitive and -Insensitive Rose Cultivars

The plant hormone ethylene regulates diverse aspects of plant growth and development, including flower senescence and abscission. In cut roses, the impact of ethylene on flower senescence varies greatly depending on the ethylene sensitivity of the floral organs, which is determined by the variety of the rose. To understand the relationship between ethylene synthesis and sensitivity in floral organs, we examined tissue-specific differences in gene expression and regulation using two rose cultivars with differing ethylene sensitivity. We monitored the expression patterns of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis (RhACS1, RhACS2, RhACS3, RhACS4, and RhACO1), receptor (RhETR1, RhETR2, RhETR3, RhETR4, and RhETR5), and signaling (RhCTR1, RhCTR2, RhEIN3-1, RhEIN3-2, and RhEIN3-3) in various floral organs of ethylene-sensitive (SENS; ‘All For Love’) and -insensitive (INSENS; ‘Peach Valley’) rose cultivars. The expression of ethylene-related genes in all floral organs was generally higher in SENS than INSENS cultivars. The presence of exogenous ethylene accelerated the accumulation of RhACS1-4 and RhACO1 transcripts in SENS petals and leaves and in INSENS stamens and stigmas, leading to an increase in RhETR1-5 expression in the floral organs. Meanwhile, RhCTR1-2 expression decreased considerably, with a consequent increase in RhEIN3 transcripts in SENS petals and leaves and INSENS stamens and stigmas. The differential expression of ethylenerelated genes in the same tissues indicates that the site of initiation of the ethylene-inducible responses varies among the varieties, and this is probably related to the ethylene sensitivity of the flowers. Additional key words: ACC synthase, ethylene receptor, ethylene sensitivity, quantitative RT-PCR, senescence, vase life
Analysis of the Foot Pressure Distribution for Scoliotic Patients using an Instrumented Treadmill

The purpose of this study was to investigate the foot pressure distribution pattern of patients with idiopathic scoliosis using an instrumented treadmill. 14 subjects were participated in this study and divided into two groups according to the curve direction. All subjects were asked to walk on a treadmill for 1 minute at a speed of 4.0 km/h. To analyze the variation of the foot pressure distribution, all data were classified with four stages of the stance phase: loading response, mid-stance, terminal stance and pre-swing phase. The opposite tendency was observed in the foot pressure distribution between two groups. In addition, significant differences in the force between the convex and concave side were presented at mid-stance and terminal stance phase. From these results, it was suggested that the direction of the scoliotic curve can influence on dynamic foot pressure distribution and postural balance. Furthermore, an instrumented treadmill can be utilized to assess gait mechanism as well as to monitor the progression of exercise program for scoliotic patients in rehabilitation medicine.
Influence of Soil pH on Persistence of Atrazine in the Field

Persistence of 1.12, 2.24, and 3.36 kg/ha of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] applied preemergence to corn (Zea mays L. ‘Funk's 4761′) was determined in three soils, each providing a range of pH from 5 to 7. Samples of surface soil from each plot were collected at intervals after atrazine application until there was no evidence of phytotoxicity to oat (Avena sativa L. ‘Florida 501′) in bioassay. Persistence (Y50) was defined as the number of days following atrazine application until bioassay indicated 50% relative growth of oats (no atrazine = 100% growth). This period ranged from 24 to 178 days, depending upon soil type, pH, and atrazine rate. Persistence of atrazine increased with increasing soil pH. The effect of soil pH was essentially the same at each atrazine rate and did not vary appreciably with years in a given soil. In McLaurin sandy loam, atrazine persisted 8 to 9 days longer with each unit increase in soil pH. In Hartsells fine sandy loam and Decatur silt loam, atrazine persistence increased 9 to 13 days and 29 days, respectively, with each unit pH.
Composición del refrigerio escolar en niños de 3 a 13 años de edad en centros educativos estatales del distrito de San Borja

Diet is a very important etiologic factor for tooth decay. Extrinsic carbohydrates show a very close relationship with this disease prevalence, that s why school lunch is very important because it gives 20 to 25% of children s daily meals. The aim of this study vas to determine the prevalence of dental caries and the composition of school lunch looking for cariogenic snacks among children studying in public schools from San Borja. We found that 80.89% of the school lunches content solid extrinsic sugars, principally sandwiches and sweet cookies. The most consumed liquid extrinsic sugars were sodas and different kind of teas. Among intrinsic sugars, the most consumed were fruit – within the solid ones – and plain water – within the liquid ones –.
Molecular Cloning, Sequencing, and Regulation of the Rhodobacter capsulatushemB Gene.

The common tetrapyrrole pathway in the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus, is responsible for the synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll, heme, vitamin B-12, and siroheme. The common portion of this pathway is regulated up to 100-fold by changes in oxygen tension. This regulation is accomplished by controlling the intracellular level of porphobilinogen. One way in which porphobilinogen levels could be controlled is by regulating the synthesis of porphobilinogen. Porphobilinogen synthase, encoded by the hemB gene, is the second enzyme in the common tetrapyrrole pathway that catalyzes the dimerization of 5-aminolevulinic acid to form the monopyrrole porphobilinogen. In order to further investigate the mechanism by which oxygen regulates porphobilinogen levels, the R. capsulatus hemB gene was cloned and sequenced. The R. capsulatus hemB gene was cloned by complementation of an Escherichia coli hemB mutant. Sequence analysis of the R. capsulatus hemB gene revealed that the putative porphobilinogen synthase has a metal-binding domain that more closely resembles that found in plant porphobilinogen synthases. The locations of the hemB and hemA genes on the R. capsulatus chromosome indicate that these gene do not form an operon. Oxygen mediated transcriptional regulation of the R. capsulatus hemB gene was measured by dot blot analysis of mRNA from cells grown under 3% and 23% oxygen and by hemB-cat transcriptional fusion studies. Both of these methods reveal that the synthesis of porphobilinogen synthase does not change with shifts in oxygen tension. Oxygen tension also does not appear to regulate enzyme activity since the specific activity does not change significantly with changes in oxygen tension. Overexpression of the R. capsulatus hemB, in the presence of exogenous aminolevulinate, in R. capsulatus can overcome the normal oxygen mediated regulatory mechanisms. While the mechanism of how oxygen modulates carbon flow down the common tetrapyrrole pathway remains elusive, it is clear that the level of porphobilinogen plays a crucial part in oxygen regulation. The possibility still exist that oxygen regulates the degradation of porphobilinogen.
Quantitative Analysis of Ultrasound Images of the Preterm Brain

In this PhD new algorithms are proposed to better understand and diagnose white matter damage in the preterm Brain. Since Ultrasound imaging is the most suited modality for the inspection of brain pathologies in very low birth weight infants we propose multiple techniques to assist in what is called Computer-Aided Diagnosis. As a main result we are able to increase the qualitative diagnosis from a 70% detectability to a 98% quantitative detectability.
Fault-Tolerance in Coarse Grain Data Flow

Wide-area parallel processing systems will soon be available to researchers to solve a range of problems. It is certain that host failures and other faults will be an every day occurrence in these systems. Unfortunately contemporary parallel processing systems were not designed with fault-tolerance as a design objective. The data-flow model, long a mainstay of parallel processing, offers hope. The model''s functional nature, which makes it so amenable to parallel processing, also facilitates straight- forward fault-tolerant implementations. It is the combination of ease of parallelization and fault- tolerance that we feel will increase the importance of the model in the future, and lead to the widespread use of functional components. Using Mentat, an object-oriented, data-flow based, parallel processing system, we demonstrate two orthogonal methods of providing application fault-tolerance. The first method provides transparent replication of actors and requires modification to the existing Mentat run-time system. Providing direct support for replicating actors enables the programmer to easily build fault-tolerant applications regardless of the complexity of their data-flow graph representation. The second method - the checkboard method - is applicable to applications that contain independent and restartable computations such as "bag of tasks", Monte Carlo''s, and pipelines, and involves some simple restructuring of code. While these methods are presented separately, they could in fact be combined. For both methods, we present experimental data to illustrate the trade-offs between fault-tolerance, performance and resource consumption.
Printed Arabic Script Recognition: A Survey

Optical character recognition (OCR) is essential in various real-world applications, such as digitizing learning resources to assist visually impaired people and transforming printed resources into electronic media. However, the development of OCR for printed Arabic script is a challenging task. These challenges are due to the specific characteristics of Arabic script. Therefore, different methods have been proposed for developing Arabic OCR systems, and this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of these methods. This paper also discusses relevant issues of printed Arabic OCR including the challenges of printed Arabic script and performance evaluation. It concludes with a discussion of the current status of printed Arabic OCR, analyzing the remaining problems in the field of printed Arabic OCR and providing several directions for future research.
Bayesian adjustments for disease misclassification in epidemiological studies of health administrative databases, with applications to multiple sclerosis research

With disease information routinely established from diagnostic codes or prescriptions in health administrative databases, the topic of outcome misclassification is gaining importance in epidemiological research. Motivated by a Canada-wide observational study into the prodromal phase of multiple sclerosis (MS), this thesis considers the setting of a matched exposure-disease association study where the disease is measured with error. We initially focus on the special case of a pair-matched case-control study. Assuming nondifferential misclassification of study participants, we give a closed-form expression for asymptotic biases in odds ratios arising under naive analyses of misclassified data, and propose a Bayesian model to correct association estimates for misclassification bias. For identifiability, the model relies on information from a validation cohort of correctly classified case-control pairs, and also requires prior knowledge about the predictive values of the classifier. In a simulation study, the model shows improved point and interval estimates relative to the naive analysis, but is also found to be overly restrictive in a real data application. In light of these concerns, we propose a generalized model for misclassified data that extends to the case of differential misclassification and allows for a variable number of controls per case. Instead of prior information about the classification process, the model relies on individual-level estimates of each participant’s true disease status, which were obtained from a counting process mixture model of MS-specific healthcare utilization in our motivating example.
Das oeffentliche Bild vom oeffentlichen Verkehr: eine sozialwissenschaftlich-hermeneutische Untersuchung von Printmedien

Um den Ruf des Oeffentlichen Personennahverkehrs (OEPNV) zu ermitteln, bieten sich repraesentative und qualitative Befragungen an. Diesen Ansatz haben bereits zahlreiche Studien verfolgt. Wie sich das Image des OEPNV aber in den Bildern vom oeffentlichen Nahverkehr spiegelt, ist bisher noch nicht systematisch untersucht worden. Dabei verweist schon die deutsche Sprache auf die grosse Bedeutung des Visuellen fuer ein Image, wenn sie als Synonym fuer diesen Begriff neben dem Ausdruck "Ruf" das Wort "Ansehen" bereitstellt. Wie das Ansehen des OEPNV beschaffen ist, soll die vorliegende Arbeit mithilfe eines bildsoziologischen Ansatzes zeigen. Empirischer Gegenstand dieser Studie ist die Abbildung des OEPNV in Printmedien. Mittels der Analyse veroeffentlichter Bilder soll geprueft werden, ob sich das schlechte Image des OEPNV bestaetigt - oder ob es doch differenzierter ist als angenommen. Zugleich werden verschiedene Aspekte von Oeffentlichkeit anhand von Bildern vom oeffentlichen Verkehr herausgearbeitet. Schliesslich soll untersucht werden, welches Bild von Oeffentlichkeit sich hier zeigt.
Factors Affecting EPTC Injury to Navy Bean

Injury to navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) was investigated as a function of soil moisture, planting depth, soil compaction, temperature, available nitrogen, and seed quality. Experiments in the greenhouse and growth chamber showed that both high and low moisture stress increased injury. Deep planting increased the injury from high rates of EPTC. Soil compaction alone reduced plant growth. In combination with EPTC at 4.5 kg/ha, further growth reduction was observed. Ambient temperature did not alter susceptibility to EPTC. Stimulation of growth by nitrogen as measured by increased fresh weight was inhibited by EPTC. Field and greenhouse studies showed that EPTC injury was greater to mechanically damaged seed than non-damaged seed.
Changes of peripheral blood immune cells in acute coronary syndrome

The objective of this study is to explore changes in main immune cells during acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including changes in subsets of monocytes, T cells, and inhibitory myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and to evaluate possible mechanisms. A total of 50 patients suffering from ACS were divided into two subgroups based on attacks of acute infarction, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with infarction including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). Third, the subgroup of 19 healthy subjects was labeled the normal group (NG). CD14, CD16, and CD45 were used as markers of the subset of monocytes. CD4, CD8, and CD3 were used as markers of the subset of T cells and CD14, human leukocyte antigen—DR isotype (HLA-DR), and CD45 were used as markers of inhibitory MDSCs. Both CD11b+ CD206+ and CD11b+ CD68+ cells were also assayed. Our data indicated that lymphocytes/karyocytes and monocytes/karyocytes as well as those of CD3+ CD4+ T cells, CD14+ CD16– monocytes, CD14+ CD16+ monocytes, and CD11b+ CD68+ monocytes were significant in all three groups (P < 0.05). The ratio of T-cell subtypes to total lymphocytes among the three subgroups can be represented as AMI > UA > NG (P < 0.05). The ratios of CD14+ monocytes to total karyocytes among the three subgroups can be represented as NG > UA > AMI (P < 0.05). The ratios of CD14+ CD16– monocytes to total karyocytes among the three subgroups can be represented as NG > UA > AMI (P < 0.05). The ratios of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes to total karyocytes among the three subgroups can be represented as AMI > UA > NG (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the proportion of MDSCs (P > 0.05). Certain subsets of monocytes are closely associated with ACS, of which CD14+ CD16– monocytes present a negative association, while CD14+ CD16+ monocytes show a positive association. In addition, adaptive immunity is associated with unstable plaques of ACS, and CD3+ CD4+ T cells may play a role in early stages of ACS.
Space is the Place: Effects of Continuous Spatial Structure on Analysis of Population Genetic Data

Real geography is continuous, but standard models in population genetics are based on discrete, well-mixed populations. As a result many methods of analyzing genetic data assume that samples are a random draw from a well-mixed population, but are applied to clustered samples from populations that are structured clinally over space. Here we use simulations of populations living in continuous geography to study the impacts of dispersal and sampling strategy on population genetic summary statistics, demographic inference, and genome-wide association studies. We find that most common summary statistics have distributions that differ substantially from that seen in well-mixed populations, especially when Wright’s neighborhood size is less than 100 and sampling is spatially clustered. The combination of low dispersal and clustered sampling causes demographic inference from the site frequency spectrum to infer more turbulent demographic histories, but averaged results across multiple simulations were surprisingly robust to isolation by distance. We also show that the combination of spatially autocorrelated environments and limited dispersal causes genome-wide association studies to identify spurious signals of genetic association with purely environmentally determined phenotypes, and that this bias is only partially corrected by regressing out principal components of ancestry. Last, we discuss the relevance of our simulation results for inference from genetic variation in real organisms.
THU0117 PHARMACOKINETICS AND SHORT-TERM SAFETY OF FILGOTINIB, A SELECTIVE JANUS KINASE 1 INHIBITOR, IN SUBJECTS WITH MODERATE HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT

Background Filgotinib (FIL) is an oral selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor being developed to treat inflammatory diseases. Objectives This phase 1 study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and short-term safety of FIL in subjects with hepatic impairment (HI) to guide safe and appropriate dosing in the presence of this comorbidity. Methods This study enrolled 20 subjects: 10 with moderate (Child-Turcotte-Pugh-B) HI and 10 healthy controls. All were matched for age, sex, and body mass index and received a single oral dose of FIL 100 mg followed by intensive plasma PK sampling over 120 hours. Plasma concentrations of FIL and its primary circulating metabolite were measured by validated LC-MS/MS methods; plasma protein binding was also evaluated. A parametric analysis of variance was applied to the natural logarithmic transformation of PK parameters (AUC and Cmax) for FIL and its metabolite. Geometric least squares means (GLSM) ratios and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of PK parameters were evaluated in subjects with moderate HI relative to controls, with clinically relevant exposure change defined as ≥2-fold for FIL or its metabolite. Safety endpoints consisted of the incidence of adverse events (AEs), laboratory abnormalities, and vital sign and electrocardiogram changes monitored through day 15. Results All subjects completed the protocol-specified dosing and assessments. FIL and metabolite AUCs were increased by 1.6- and 1.2-fold, respectively, in subjects with moderate HI compared to controls. Protein bindings of FIL and its metabolite (fu: 41%–44% and 55%–61%, respectively) were unchanged in subjects with moderate HI. FIL was well tolerated, with no serious AEs reported. All treatment-emergent AEs were Grade 1 in severity. Serum and plasma markers did not show evidence of treatment-emergent hepatotoxicity or worsened liver function and were consistent with the use of FIL in a population with moderate HI. Conclusion In the setting of moderate HI, a single oral dose of FIL 100 mg was well tolerated. FIL can be administered without predefined dose adjustment to patients with mild to moderate HI. Disclosure of Interests Kacey Anderson Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Hao Zheng Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Oliver Medzihradsky Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Yizhao Li Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Ann Qin Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Brian Kearney Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Anita Mathias Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc.