Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Naming and Semantic Abilities With Aging From 50 to 90 years

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether naming difficulties arise in individuals as young as their 50s. Participants of 25–35, 50–59, 60–69, and above 70 years of age were given a picture naming task. To uncover subtle naming difficulties, latencies were analyzed in addition to accuracy. To control whether the expected slower naming latencies could be due to a general slowing affecting all cognitive tasks, participants were also given an odd/even judgment task to assess cognitive processing speed. The results confirmed that participants in their 50s presented decline in naming performance, reflected by an increase in naming latencies, whereas adults in their 60s and their 70s showed both a decrease in accuracy and an increase in latency. Moreover, the increase in naming latencies remained significant even after controlling for odd/even judgment latencies, suggesting a degradation specific to the picture naming task. We assumed that these slower latencies may result from a language-specific impairment. As a further test for language-specific degradation, participants’ semantic capacities were also assessed with a synonym judgment task and the Pyramids and Palm Trees test. The above-70 group showed semantic degradation. The contributions of multiple factors to naming difficulties in aging are discussed. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–8)
Gerenciamento de riscos em cadeia de suprimentos

A importância de uma gestao transparente com praticas efetivas de Governanca Corporativa favorece o Gerenciamento de Riscos, visto que empresas devem gerenciar adequadamente as oportunidades e ameacas as suas estrategias de negocios. Nao obstante, a Cadeia de Suprimentos se tornou primordial para que as empresas possam ter vantagem competitiva. Este artigo aborda conceitos do Gerenciamento de Riscos citados na literatura e sua utilizacao para melhor Gerenciamento das Cadeias de Suprimentos. A metodologia de pesquisa e composta de um estudo teorico com posterior analise pratica em uma empresa de autopecas. O estudo destaca a crescente abordagem deste tema, apesar de observar que ainda nao ha uma estrutura consensual para Gerenciamento de Riscos, e propoe uma estrutura de avaliacao de risco em Cadeia de Suprimentos. Quanto ao estudo de caso, a empresa possui uma estrutura avancada para Gerenciamento dos Riscos com potenciais de aprimoramento frente a teoria e a proposta dos autores.
A Model for Evolution of Male Parental Care and Female Multiple Mating

In most animals, males gain a fitness benefit by mating with many females, whereas the number of progeny per female is unlikely to increase as a function of additional mates. Furthermore, males of internally fertilizing species run the risk of investing in offspring of other males if they provide parental care. Nevertheless, males of many avian species and a minority of mammalian species provide parental care, and females of various species mate with multiple males. I investigate a two‐locus genetic model for evolution of male parental care and female multiple mating in which females gain a direct benefit by multiple mating from the paternal care they thereby elicit for their offspring. The model suggests that, first, male parental care can evolve when it strongly enhances offspring survival and the direct costs of female multiple mating (e.g., loss of energy, risk of injury, exposure to infectious diseases) are greater than its indirect benefit (e.g., acquisition of good genes, increased genetic diversity among offspring); second, female multiple mating can evolve when paternal care is important for offspring survival or the indirect benefit of multiple mating is larger than its direct cost; and, finally, male parental care and female multiple mating can co‐occur.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Toxic Shock inTrypanosoma cruzi-Infected Interleukin 10-Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Using interleukin-10 (IL-10)-deficient (IL-10−/−) mice, previous studies revealed a pathological immune response after infection with Trypanosoma cruzi that is associated with CD4+ T cells and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines. In this study we further investigate the pathology and potential mediators for the mortality in infected animals. T. cruzi-infected IL-10−/− mice showed reduced parasitemia accompanied by increased systemic release of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-12, and reactive nitrogen intermediates and overproduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Despite this early resistance, IL-10−/− mice died within the third week of infection, whereas all control mice survived acute infection. The clinical manifestation with weight loss, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, and increased liver-derived enzymes in the blood together with hepatic necrosis and intravascular coagulation in moribund mice indicated a toxic shock-like syndrome, possibly mediated by the systemic TNF-α overproduction. Indeed, high production of systemic TNF-α significantly correlated with mortality, and moribund mice died with critically high TNF-α concentrations in the blood. Consequent treatment with anti-TNF-α antiserum attenuated pathological changes in T. cruzi-infected IL-10−/− mice and significantly prolonged survival; the mice died during the fourth week postinfection, again with a striking correlation between regaining high systemic TNF-α concentrations and the time of death. Since elevated serum IL-12 and IFN-γ concentrations were not affected by the administration of antiserum, these studies suggest that TNF-α is the direct mediator of this toxic shock syndrome. In conclusion, induction of endogenous IL-10 during experimentally induced Chagas' disease seems to be crucial for counterregulating an overshooting proinflammatory cytokine response resulting in TNF-α-mediated toxic shock.
Przemoc rówieśnicza i uczniowie ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi – uwarunkowania i propozycje rozwiązań profilaktycznych

Artykul zawiera uzasadnienia dzialan profilaktycznych i zaradczych oraz propozycje rozwiązan w obszarze przemocy rowieśniczej (bullyingu), w ktorą zaangazowani są uczniowie z tzw. specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi, przede wszystkim z niepelnosprawnością. W świetle badan grupa ta jest bardziej narazona na ryzyko stania sie ofiarą szeroko rozumianej agresji rowieśniczej i wykluczenia. W wielu sytuacjach czynniki związane z ryzykiem wiktymizacyjnym tej grupy uczniow prowadzą do zaangazowania sie w roli sprawcy. Sytuacje komplikują: brak populacyjnych badan pokazujących rzeczywistą skale zjawiska w podgrupach wyroznionych ze wzgledu na typ specjalnych potrzeb edukacyjnych, malo zidentyfikowanych przykladow tzw. dobrych praktyk w obszarze zapobiegania i radzenia sobie z omawianym zjawiskiem oraz nisko oceniane, przez samych nauczycieli, wlasne kompetencje do pracy z takimi uczniami.
Spectrahedra and Convex Hulls of Rank-One Elements

The Helton-Nie Conjecture (HNC) is the proposition that every convex semialgebraic set is a spectrahedral shadow. Here we prove that HNC is equivalent to another propo- sition related to quadratically constrained quadratic programming. Namely, that the convex hull of the rank-one elements of any spectrahedron is a spectrahedral shadow. In the case of compact convex semialgebraic sets, the spectrahedra may be taken to be compact. We illustrate the relationship between spetrahedra and these convex subsets with examples.
Mediação do erro no ensino de programação de computadores: fundamentos e aplicação da ferramenta FARMA-ALG

A Programacao de computadores e uma atividade complexa, de alto nivel, e que demanda uma carga cognitiva elevada. Neste cenario, alunos cometem erros durante a resolucao dos exercicios. Esses erros, se nao mediados culminam, em ultima instância, na desistencia do aluno. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho visa avancar nas discussoes, segundo um vies da Psicologia Historico-Cultural, sobre o importante papel da mediacao do erro no ensino de programacao de computadores. A fim de verificar tal papel, o estudo apresenta os detalhes da aplicacao da ferramenta de facilitacao da mediacao do erro FARMA-ALG em um ambiente real de ensino. Resultados obtidos apontam para contribuicoes da mediacao do erro permitida pela ferramenta no desempenho dos alunos.
RF-recharged microbattery for powering miniature sensors

A novel power source for miniature sensors, comprising an RF-recharged microbattery is presented. The microbattery comprises a silicon wafer-fabricated aqueous Ni-Zn microbattery that is capable of delivering /spl sim/10 mA for a few seconds. In this paper, we present charge/discharge test results on the microbattery itself and details of the RF charger circuit design and experimental test results on fabricated RF charger boards. Finally, we present test results on a sensor platform comprising an Analog Devices MEMS accelerometer, a microchip microcontroller, and an RF transmitter, all powered by the RF recharged microbattery.
Die politische Quacksalberei des libertären Paternalismus

Der libertare Paternalismus befurwortet Eingriffe in die Entscheidungsfindung von Burgern, ohne ihnen Optionen vollig nehmen zu wollen. Vielmehr soll die Lenkung des Willens durch Schubser (nudges) geschehen. Im folgenden Beitrag mochte ich zeigen, dass der libertare Paternalismus auf tonernen Fusen steht. Ich bediene mich dabei des polemischen Bilds von Quacksalbern. Dieses Bild passt zu meinem argumentativen Vorgehen, da ich erstens zeigen will, dass der libertare Paternalismus falsche Diagnosen uber vermeintliche Krankheiten der Willensbildung stellt, und zweitens, dass er die falsche Therapie empfiehlt. Im ersten Teil des Artikels kritisiere ich die Diagnose des libertaren Paternalismus, wonach Menschen in ihrer Entscheidungsfindung systematisch fehlschlagen. Die Auswirkungen der zugrundeliegenden psychologischen Forschung werden missinterpretiert und damit vielen menschlichen Entscheidungen eine Art Defekt zugeschrieben. Der zweite Teil des Beitrags hinterfragt die Therapie des libertaren Paternalismus. Fur entsprechende Interventionen in die Wahlarchitektonik muss Wissen erlangt werden uber die Richtung, in welche die Menschen jeweils geschubst werden sollten. Die hier genannte epistemische Aufgabe kann mit den theoretischen Mitteln des libertaren Paternalismus nicht gelost werden.
Évaluation des taux de synonymie et de polysémie dans un texte

La polysemie et la synonymie sont deux aspects fondamentaux de la langue. Nous presentons ici une evaluation de l'importance de ces deux phenomenes a l'aide de statistiques basees sur le lexique WordNet et sur le SemCor. Ainsi, on a un taux de polysemie theorique de 5 sens par mot dans le SemCor. Mais si on regarde les occurrences reelles, moins de 50 % des sens possibles sont utilises. De meme, s'il y a, en moyenne, 2,7 mots possibles pour designer un concept qui apparait dans le corpus, plus de la moitie d'entre eux ne sont jamais utilises. Ces resultats relativisent l'utilite de telles ressources semantiques pour le traitement de la langue.
Essential Role of an Unusually Long-lived Tyrosyl Radical in the Response to Red Light of the Animal-like Cryptochrome aCRY*

Cryptochromes constitute a group of flavin-binding blue light receptors in bacteria, fungi, plants, and insects. Recently, the response of cryptochromes to light was extended to nearly the entire visible spectral region on the basis of the activity of the animal-like cryptochrome aCRY in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This finding was explained by the absorption of red light by the flavin neutral radical as the dark state of the receptor, which then forms the anionic fully reduced state. In this study, time-resolved UV-visible spectroscopy on the full-length aCRY revealed an unusually long-lived tyrosyl radical with a lifetime of 2.6 s, which is present already 1 μs after red light illumination of the flavin radical. Mutational studies disclosed the tyrosine 373 close to the surface to form the long-lived radical and to be essential for photoreduction. This residue is conserved exclusively in the sequences of other putative aCRY proteins distinguishing them from conventional (6–4) photolyases. Size exclusion chromatography showed the full-length aCRY to be a dimer in the dark at 0.5 mm injected concentration with the C-terminal extension as the dimerization site. Upon illumination, partial oligomerization was observed via disulfide bridge formation at cysteine 482 in close proximity to tyrosine 373. The lack of any light response in the C-terminal extension as evidenced by FTIR spectroscopy differentiates aCRY from plant and Drosophila cryptochromes. These findings imply that aCRY might have evolved a different signaling mechanism via a light-triggered redox cascade culminating in photooxidation of a yet unknown substrate or binding partner.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension as a presenting sign of adrenal insufficiency

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a diagnosis of exclusion defined by elevated intracranial pressure without mass lesions or hydrocephalus. Causes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension include obesity, vitamin derangements, antibiotics, corticosteroids, and autoimmune disorders. Cushing’s disease and Addison’s disease have been associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Secondary adrenal insufficiency following withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids has been found to be a relatively common phenomenon. This case describes an 11-year-old boy who was previously on inhaled corticosteroids for severe asthma who presented with secondary adrenal insufficiency after withdrawal of steroids. The adrenal insufficiency presented as idiopathic intracranial hypertension. We described the hospital course and process of diagnosis for this child with secondary adrenal insufficiency following withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids. The association between the discontinuation of this patient’s corticosteroids and his onset of headache suggests secondary adrenal insufficiency as the most likely cause of his idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The gradual improvement in his symptoms after steroid replacement further supports this. Due to the significant prevalence of children using inhaled corticosteroids, it is important for clinicians to be aware of the potential for the withdrawal of these drugs to induce hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression.
Evaluation and Efficacy of the Antibacterial Activity of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Synthesize from Camelus dromedarius (Camel) Milk against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria

Nanotechnology is mainly apprehensive with the synthesis of nanoparticles and their application in various fields of medicine, physics, materials science, chemistry, and engineering. An imperative aspect of nanotechnology concerns the improvement of experimental processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles of different sizes, shapes and controlled dispersity (Kumar et al., 2013). Metal nanoparticles such as gold (Au) and silver (Ag) have been familiar since ancient times due to their ornamental and medicinal applications (Gopalkrishnan et al., 2014). It is wellknown the NPs have antibacterial activity. A nanoparticle holds effective role in the killing and inhibiting the bacterial growth because of their large surface area, hence providing better contact with microorganisms (Nelson Duran et al., 2010). And also have recognized importance in chemistry, physics, and biology because of their unique optical, electrical, and photo thermal properties (Rimal et al., 2013).
Augmenting Wind Power Penetration and Grid Voltage Stability Limits Using ESS: Application Design, Sizing, and a Case Study

This paper presents a comprehensive energy storage system (ESS) application design for regulating wind power variation and increasing wind energy integration and grid voltage stability. The design includes a method for calculating a reference output profile, a charge-discharge scheme for directing the ESS operation, and an optimization-based method for determining ESS optimal rating. The efficacy of the application is validated via a case study with a large data set of 14 wind farms, compressed-air energy storage technology (CAES), and a 27-bus transmission grid. The results show that the use of the ESS is effective in reshaping the farms output and raising both the wind energy revenue and the grid voltage stability. For ESS optimal rating, the improvement in wind energy integration is between 1.7% and 8%. In addition, a net increase in the grid static voltage stability of 8.3%-18.3% is achieved by 13 of the 14 evaluated ESSs.
Modeling of the breakdown voltage of solid insulating materials using fuzzy logic techniques

In this paper, two different Fuzzy Logic (FL) models have been proposed those are able to predict the AC breakdown voltage of five solid insulating materials due to Partial Discharge (PD) in cavities. The predicted voltage is a function of four input parameters, such as, the thickness of the insulating sample t, void depth t1, void diameter d and relative permittivity Cr. The requisite data on breakdown voltages are obtained after statistical analysis of the experimental observations performed with a cylinder-plane electrode system by step-stress method. The voids are artificially created for initiation of PD with different depths and diameters. The proposed FL models seem to be capable of predicting the breakdown voltages quiet efficiently and within a small value of mean absolute error.
Secular change in height and weight of indigenous school children in Oaxaca, Mexico, between the 1970s and 2007

Background: Information on secular change in indigenous children in Oaxaca, southern Mexico, is limited. Aim: To evaluate secular change in heights and weights of indigenous school children 6–14 years in four regions of the state of Oaxaca between the 1970s and 2007. Subjects and methods: Heights and weights of 2897 (1419 boys, 1478 girls) and 4305 (2368 boys, 1937 girls) school children 6–14 years of age were measured in the 1970s (1971–1978) and 2007, respectively. The sample was from 18 communities in the 1970s and from 58 communities in 2007 in four regions of Oaxaca. Sex-specific MANCOVA, with age of the child and altitude of each community as covariates, was used to compare size attained in the 1970s and 2007 in two age groups: 6–9 years and 10–14 years. Results: Indigenous Oaxaca school children are taller and heavier in 2007 than the 1970s. Secular gains are larger in youth of 10–14 years than in children of 6–9 years, while sex differences are small. Conclusion: Improved growth status between the 1970s and 2007 presumably reflects better health and nutritional conditions in indigenous communities of Oaxaca. Mean heights in 2007, however, only approximate 5th percentiles of the US reference.
Can e-Commerce Recommender Systems be More Popular with Online Shoppers if they are Mood-aware?

This paper presents the result of a controlled experiment studying how mood state can affect the usage of ecommerce recommender system. The authors develop a mood recognition tool to classify online shoppers into stressed or relaxed mood state unobtrusively. By analyzing their reactions to recommended products when surfing on an e-commerce website, the authors make two conclusions. Firstly, stress negatively impacts the usage of recommender system. Secondly, relaxed users are more receptive to recommendations. These findings suggest that mood recognition tool can help recommender systems find the “right time” to intervene. And mood-aware recommender systems can enhance marketer-consumer interaction.
Inoculum and zeolite synergistic effect on anaerobic digestion of poultry manure

Poultry manure is an ammonia-rich substrate due to its high content of proteins and amino acids. Ammonia is the major inhibitor of anaerobic digestion (AD) process, affecting biogas production and causing great economic losses to the biogas plants. In this study, the effect of different natural zeolite dosages on the mesophilic AD of poultry manure inoculated with a non-acclimatized to ammonia inoculum (dairy manure) was investigated. Additionally, a comparative analysis was performed between the data extracted from this study and the results of a previous study, which has been conducted under the same experimental conditions but with the use of ammonia acclimatized inoculum (swine manure). At 5 and 10 g zeolite L−1, the methane yield of poultry manure was 43.4% and 80.3% higher compared with the experimental set without zeolite addition. However, the ammonia non-acclimatized inoculum was not efficient in digesting poultry manure even in the presence of 10 g zeolite L−1, due to low methane production (only 39%) compared with the maximum theoretical yield. Finally, ammonia acclimatized inoculum and zeolite have demonstrated a possible ‘synergistic effect’, which led to a more efficient AD of poultry manure. The results of this study could potentially been used by the biogas plant operators to efficiently digest poultry manure.
Partially Constrained Extended Kalman Filter for Navigation Including Mapping Information

Near-optimal states estimation in dynamic systems with Gaussian noise has been extensively applied in research using Kalman filtering (KF). This method is especially useful in technological applications that use noisy data from several sensors or need the estimation of an optimal state vector in systems with multiple observations. A particular situation is that in which some constraints are applied to the state vector, for instance, assigning predetermined values to a part of the state vector or imposing a particular relationship between some variables of the state vector. This paper deals with the application of an extended KF (EKF) for mobile robot (MR) indoor navigation fusing the relative positioning obtained with the robot odometry with the absolute positioning measured with a set of ultrasonic local positioning systems. The novelty of the system lies on the use of a map description as additional information, in such a way that the estimation of the trajectory of MR does not cross walls or other physical instances at any time. If after a vector state estimation such a situation is detected, an analytical method is used to impose some constraints to a part of the state vector so the physical restrictions are considered. The proposal has been compared to a numerical method based on constrained optimization (using the function fmincon of MATLAB) or based on the use of a particle filter (PF) that is often used to solve this kind of problems. Simulated and real test has been carried out to show the effectiveness of the method, obtaining our approach a better performance in terms of accuracy compared with the traditional EKF at the expense of a minor increase in complexity, and obtaining a better performance compared with PF.
Chronic Exposure to Low Concentrations of Halothane‐Nitrous Oxide: Reproductive and Cytogenetic Effects in the Rat

To determine whether prolonged exposure to low-concentration combinations of halothane and nitrous oxide would adversely affect fertility, gestation, or fetal development or damage chromosomes in vivo, adult male and female rats were exposed for 60 days prior to mating either to halothane, 1 ppm, and nitrous oxide (N2O), 50 ppm, or to these agents at 10 and 500 ppm, respectively, for seven hours/day, five days/week. Inseminated females were either exposed seven hours/day from Day 1 through Day 15 or from Day 6 through Day 15 of their putative gestation. The former were allowed to deliver normally; fetuses of the latter were delivered by cesarean section on Day 10. The males were exposed for an additional 40 weeks (after the three-week mating period), after which bone marrow and spermatogonial cells were harvested for cytogenetic analysis.Exposure to halothane, 10 ppm, plus N2O, 500 ppm, resulted in decreased ovulation and implantation efficiency and in slightly retarded fetal development (also seen at the lower level exposure). No major teratologic effect or unequivocal abortifacient effect of exposure of pregnant females during organogenesis or prior exposure of males was observed. However, cytogenetic damage to both bone marrow and spermatogonial cells was found at both levels of exposure.