Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding academic confidence

This paper draws on the psychological theories of self–efficacy and the self-concept to understand students’ self-confidence in academic study in higher education as measured by the Academic Behavioural Confidence scale (ABC). In doing this, expectancy–value theory and self–efficacy theory are considered and contrasted with self–concept and self–esteem. Particular emphasis is placed on the social environment in which students are studying, supported by psychological research from social comparison theory, frames of reference and discourse communities. Against this background, the ABC scale is compared and contrasted with self–efficacy and self–concept measures. It is argued that the ABC scale bridges the gap between these two approaches. In conclusion, it is suggested that the ABC scale can be used to gain a better understanding of students’ confidence in themselves as learners, making it a useful survey tool in pedagogical research and practice.
The simplex method and the diameter of a 0-1 polytope

We will derive two main results related to the primal simplex method for an LP on a 0-1 polytope. One of the results is that, for any 0-1 polytope and any two vertices of it, there exists an LP instance for which the simplex method finds a path between them, whose length is at most the dimension of the polytope. This proves a well-known result that the diameter of any 0-1 polytope is bounded by its dimension. Next we show that the upper bound obtained by the authors for the number of distinct solutions generated by the simplex method is tight by constructing an LP instance on a 0-1 polytope.
A 10-Gb/s Compact Low-Power Serial I/O With DFE-IIR Equalization in 65-nm CMOS

A compact and power-efficient serial I/O targeting dense silicon carrier interconnects is reported. Based on expected channel characteristics, the proposed I/O features low-impedance transmitter termination, high-impedance receiver termination, and a receiver with modified DFE with IIR filter feedback (DFE-IIR). The DFE-IIR receiver uses a single additional IIR filter feedback tap to compensate many post cursors without paying the power and area penalty that would be incurred with a conventional high tap-count DFE. Equalization capabilities of the compact I/O at 10 Gb/s are demonstrated over various channels including conventional chip-to-chip and backplane links with half-baud losses of up to 27 dB. Finally, a transmitter-receiver pair operating over a 40-mm on-chip emulated silicon carrier channel was demonstrated to 8.9 Gb/s, at a link power efficiency of 1.9 mW/Gb/s.
Discrete Element Modeling of a Subduction Zone with a Seafloor Irregularity and its Impact on the Seismic Cycle

Seafloor irregularities influence rupture behavior along the subducting slab and in the overriding plate, thus affecting earthquake cycles. Whether seafloor irregularities increase the likelihood of large earthquakes in a subduction zone remains contested, partially due to focus put either on fault development or on rupture pattern. Here, we simulate a subducting slab with a seafloor irregularity and the resulting deformation pattern of the overriding plate using the discrete element method. Our simulations illustrate the rupture along three major fault systems: megathrust, splay and backthrust faults. Our results show different rupture dimensions of earthquake events varying from tens to ca. 140 km. Our results suggest that the recurrence interval of megathrust events with rupture length of ca. 100 km is ca. 140 years, which is overall comparable to the paleoseismic records at the Mentawai area of the Sumatran zone. We further propose the coseismic slip amounts decrease and interseismic slip amounts increase from the surface downwards gradually. We conclude that the presence of seafloor irregularities significantly affects rupture events along the slab as well as fault patterns in the overriding plate.
Homogenous genetic structure in populations of Taxus baccata with varied proportions of male and female individuals

English yew (Taxus baccata L.) is a strictly outcrossing and dioecious species whose populations are small and isolated. It is known that sex ratios may vary in natural populations due to local environmental conditions or stochastic events. However, unbalanced sex ratios may have negative impacts on genetic diversity through enhanced genetic drift and inbreeding. The present study represents one of the first attempts to compare the genetic variation at microsatellite loci within and between populations with different gender proportions. Our results indicated that there were no significant correlations between sex ratio and the extent of genetic variation in different populations. All populations exhibited high levels of genetic diversity. Additionally, the genetic structure was characterized separately in male and female individuals. Statistical analyses of the set estimators describing the genetic structure of male and female individuals of T. baccata revealed no significant differences between the two groups. Molecular analysis verified that microsatellite nuclear loci neutrality developed for T. baccata, as there were no significant differences in the genetic variation between males and females and no evidence for any outlier loci using coalescent and hierarchical Bayesian simulations. The results demonstrate that ignoring biased sex ratios in T. baccata populations had no effect on the assessment of genetic differentiation and genetic diversity within and between populations of this species. These results are discussed with regards to the practical application of molecular markers in conservation programs.
Entrepreneurial Disposition in Brazilian University Students

Higher education is universally recognized as a key pillar in the construction of new knowledge economies. The Brazilian university, in general, does not explore its potential to inspire and stimulate students' ambition and innovation. Is there any neglect in the willingness of young university entrepreneurs to promote economic development and consolidate knowledge transfer? This study aims to analyze how the entrepreneurial intention of Brazilian university students behaves. The field of investigation is the Junior Companies of the country, whose use of the Modeling of Structural Equations represents the method of investigation. The study met the statistical criteria for its validation, in addition to presenting a moderate adjustment index explaining 64.9% of the entrepreneurial intention with only one rejected hypothesis. The findings of this research suggest gaps in the performance of government and universities in promoting entrepreneurial education and have implications for entrepreneurship scholars, universities, and policy makers.
neuropsychologia dynamic causal modeling analysis of the effective connectivities underlying op-down letter processing

The present study employed dynamic causal modeling to investigate the effective functional connectivity between regions of the neural network involved in top-down letter processing. We used an illusory letter detection paradigm in which participants detected letters while viewing pure noise images. When participants detected letters, the response of the right middle occipital gyrus (MOG) in the visual corvailable online 13 January 2011
Relationships between Septic Tank Construction and Number of Escherichia coli in Dug Well Water in Rahandouna Village, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Background: Dug wells provide water from soil layer that is close to the surface of the soil, therefore it is susceptible to contamination through seepage from human waste, animals, and for domestic household use. This study aimed to determine the relationships between septic tank construction, dug well distance, and number of E. coli in Rahandauna Village, Ken­dari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional stu­dy was carried out at Rahandouna Village, Poa­sia Sub-District, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, in July 2019. The sample for this study was 70 units of dug well. The dependent variable was E. coli. The independent variables were septic tank construction and distance of dug well. Acceptable levels of E. coli are mea­sured in Most Probable Number (MPN)/100 ml. The distance of the septic tank to the dug well was measured in meter. The data were analyzed by Chi square. Results: Good septic tank construction (OR= 0.06; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.31; p= 0.001) and the distance of the septic tank to the dug well ≥10 m (OR= 0.02; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.06; p<0.001) decreased number of E. coli <1,000 MPN/100 ml. Conclusion: Good septic tank construction and the distance of the septic tank to the dug well ≥10 m decrease number of E. coli <1,000 MPN/100 ml. Keyword s : Escherichia coli , septic tank cons­truction, dug well Correspondence: Bromo Kusumo Achmad. School of Health Sci­ences Mandala Waluya, Kendari, Indonesia. E­mail: bromo.ka@gmail.com. Mobile: 0822217­17148. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 05(02): 150-157 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020. 05.02. 03
Title Peptide synthesis in early earth hydrothermal systems

We report here results from experiments and thermodynamic calculations that demonstrate a rapid, temperature-enhanced synthesis of oligopeptides from the condensation of aqueous glycine. Experiments were conducted in custom-made hydrothermal reactors, and organic compounds were characterized with ultravioletvisible procedures. A comparison of peptide yields at 260°C with those obtained at more moderate temperatures (160°C) gives evidence of a significant (13 kJ mol 1) exergonic shift. In contrast to previous hydrothermal studies, we demonstrate that peptide synthesis is favored in hydrothermal fluids and that rates of peptide hydrolysis are controlled by the stability of the parent amino acid, with a critical dependence on reactor surface composition. From our study, we predict that rapid recycling of product peptides from cool into near-supercritical fluids in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems will enhance peptide chain elongation. It is anticipated that the abundant hydrothermal systems on early Earth could have provided a substantial source of biomolecules required for the origin of life.
Gamification – An Empirical Study

Using game design elements in non-game contexts is an established concept. Gamification is all about improving actual user engagement with the system, making users contribute more time and resources than they have intended, by rewarding them with status, access, power and stuff (SAPS). In this paper we give an overview of gamification and user motivations for playing games. We focus on empirical studies on gamification in Education, not only in Computer Science but, education in general. We then discuss the impact of gamification in education and how it affects engagement. Finally, we discuss some studies or methodologies that could be adopted in Computer Science education. ACM Classification and
Sampling and collecting foliage elements for the determination of the foliar nutrients in ICOS ecosystem stations

Abstract The nutritional status of plant canopies in terms of nutrients (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) exerts a strong influence on the carbon cycle and energy balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, in order to account for the spatial and temporal variations in nutritional status of the plant species composing the canopy, we detail the methodology applied to achieve consistent time-series of leaf mass to area ratio and nutrient content of the foliage within the footprint of the Integrated Carbon Observation System Ecosystem stations. The guidelines and defi-nitions apply to most terrestrial ecosystems.
Long-Term Dietary Potential Renal Acid Load During Adolescence Is Prospectively Associated with Indices of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Young Women 1 – 3

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), frequently already present in young subjects, has been linked to reduced growth hormone levels and signaling. Similar hormonal changes occur during metabolic acidosis (MA), which may thus contribute to an increased NAFLD risk. Because subclinical MA can be diet induced, we aimed to examine whether a higher dietdependent acid load during adolescence is prospectively associated with several currently used NAFLD surrogates in young adulthood. Dietary acidity during adolescence (boys:10–15 y, girls: 9–14 y) was calculated as potential renal acid load (PRAL) from at least three 3-d weighed dietary records according to a published algorithm considering dietary protein and minerals in 145 healthy participants. Routine measurements derived from blood analysis and anthropometric data in participants’ young adulthood (18–25 y) were used to determine the NAFLD surrogates alanine-aminotransferase (ALT), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and fatty liver index (FLI). Sex-stratified linear regression models, adjusted for dietary fiber, saturated fat, protein, and adolescent BMI SD scores, were run with PRAL as the independent variable. Dietary PRAL during puberty was positively associated with ALT (P = 0.02), HSI (P = 0.002), and FLI (P = 0.005) in adult females but not males. Females with an adolescent dietary acid load in the highest tertile had 3.5, 4.4, and 4.5 higher values of ALT, HSI, and FLI as adults, respectively, compared to females with the lowest PRAL. The present findings suggest that higher dietary acidity in adolescence may be prospectively associated with hepatic lipid accumulation in females. Whether this relationship is due to the higher proton load or rather represents an unhealthy dietary pattern requires further investigation. J. Nutr. 142: 313–319, 2012.
Why are online reviews in the sharing economy skewed toward positive ratings? Linking customer perceptions of service quality to leaving a review of an Airbnb stay

Purpose This study aims to explain why online reviews in Airbnb are skewed toward positive ratings. The authors examine customer perceptions of the service quality of an Airbnb stay as a relevant antecedent of whether customers leave an online review of that Airbnb stay. To this end, the authors test the hypothesis that the relationship between service quality and leaving an online review is linear and positive. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypothesis, the authors rely on primary survey data from 177 Airbnb customers combined with secondary data coming from their personal online Airbnb accounts. The authors conducted a binary logistic regression analysis to test the hypothesis. Findings The results show that customers’ service quality perceptions are positively and linearly related to leaving an online review of an Airbnb stay. In other words, satisfied customers are more likely to leave a review after an Airbnb stay than those who are dissatisfied. Originality/value The study is original in two respects. First, it reconsiders the role of customer experiences in explaining online customer reviews. In doing so, it empirically shows that the conventional wisdom of a U-shaped relationship between customer experiences and online reviewing does not hold in the context of the sharing economy. Second, by relying on primary survey data, the authors reveal the risk of dissatisfied customers creating an underreporting bias in online reviews, which ultimately make online reviews of Airbnb skewed toward positive ratings.
Development and Validation of the Brief Music in Mood Regulation Scale (B-MMR)

mood regulation has been shown to be among of the most important reasons for musical engagement, but there has been a lack of a concise measurement instrument for this behavior. The current study focused on developing and testing the Brief Music in Mood Regulation scale (B-MMR), a 21-item self-report instrument for assessing the use of seven different music-related mood-regulation strategies. Two survey studies ( N = 1515 and N = 526) were conducted to first develop and then test and validate the instrument. The newly constructed scale showed adequate internal consistency reliabilities and correlated expectedly with measures of general emotion regulation and musical engagement. As a concise and theoretically coherent measure, the B-MMR may prove to be highly applicable for future surveys and comparative studies.
Autler-Townes Splitting and Acoustically Induced Transparency Based on Love Waves Interacting with a Pillared Metasurface

Autler-Townes Splitting (ATS) and Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) are similar phenomena but distinct in nature. They have been widely discussed and distinguished by employing the Akaike information criterion (AIC). However, such work is lacking in acoustic system. In this work, the interaction of Love waves with two-line pillared meta-surface is numerically investigated by Finite Element Method. Acoustic analogue of ATS, Fabry-Perot resonance and cavity modes are first demonstrated in two lines of identical pillars by varying the distance between the pillar lines. By detuning the radius of one line of pillars, Fabry-Perot resonance along with two different pillar resonances give rise to the acoustic analogue of EIT (AIT) when the distance between the pillar lines is a multiple of half wavelength. ATS and AIT formula models are used to fit the transmission spectra, showing good agreements with numerical results. The quality of the fit models is quantitatively evaluated by resorting to the AIC. We show that theoretical and analytical discrimination between ATS and AIT are methodologically complementary. These results should have important consequences for potential acoustic applications such as wave control, designing of meta-materials and bio-sensors.
Geographic Field Data Collection : Using machine learning techniques to verify minimum data requirements for the classification task

Geographers and environmental scientists prefer to construct Spatial Information System (SIS) decision support from the smallest possible data. This is due to the considerable cost of ground-based surveys for data collection. This paper extends on the work of (Kirkby, 1994; Eklund et al., 1995) and reports on the use of machine learning classifiers to obtain the minimum sample size for ground-based data surveys. The study proposes a method to assess ground-based data collection using machine learning classifiers. In this domain, the inductive learning program C4.5 (Quinlan, 1993) was used to verify that a high performance classifier, better than 95 % classification accuracy on unseen data, can be constructed using 235 sample points in the study area. We compare this result to the magnitude of sample sizes required for back-propagation neural networks (NN) and instance-based learning (IBL) with the same classification accuracy on unseen data. We examine the reasons and implications for these variations for classification accuracy in this domain.
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Serum Selenium Is Associated with Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations in Elderly Humans 1

Low selenium levels in humans have been associated with several pathologies; however, an earlier animal investigation found a direct association between Se intake and total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations. To date, the importance of serum selenium levels in association with tHcy in humans has not been determined. We evaluated the cross-sectional association of blood selenium concentrations with plasma tHcy and other determinants of this cardiovascular disease risk factor. We estimated protein intake and measured the blood status of selenium, tHcy, and several other related factors in serum such as folate, vitamin B-12, and creatinine. Serum selenium was inversely associated with tHcy, explaining 5.8% of tHcy variance with respect to 2.2% accounted for by serum folate. Furthermore, there was a 63% decreased risk of higher tHcy concentrations ( 14 mol/L) for subjects with serum selenium in the highest tertile (P 0.013). We also found an inverse association of protein intake with tHcy in men ( 0.144; P 0.036), which disappeared after controlling for serum Se concentrations ( 0.055; P 0.003). In conclusion, selenium should be considered as a potential factor to lower tHcy. In addition, the described association between protein intake and homocysteine levels could be mediated by this trace element. J. Nutr. 134: 1736–1740, 2004.
Impact of zero tillage on rice-wheat cropping systems in Haryana

The present study was conducted to evaluate the long term effect of zero-tillage practices on physico-chemical properties of soil at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth under rice-wheat cropping system in Karnal. Soil texture was loamy at Karnal sampling sites and results of the study revealed that pH, EC and BD (bulk density) was not significantly affected by zero-tillage (ZT) practices. On adopting ZT, soil organic carbon (SOC) increased from 0.49 to 0.52% at surface soil and 0.41 to 0.43% at sub-surface soil in comparison to CT. More available N, P, K, and total N were recorded in surface soil samples under zero tillage as compared to conventional system, however, C:N ratio was observed to be slightly affected by this management practice. Therefore, the ZT practices resulting, improved SOC, can be suitable for improving productivity and soil health under the rice- wheat cropping system (RWCS).
A prospective study of functional outcome of closed schatzker type V and type VI tibial plateau fractures managed by open reduction and internal fixation

Knee joints comprised of the distal femur, proximal tibia & patella. Injuries of the knee must be treated properly to maintain a good knee function. Fractures of the tibia plateau represent 1% of all fractures and approximately 8% of fractures occurring in the elderly. The aim was tostudy the “functional outcome of treatment of closed schatzker type V and type VI tibial plateau fractures using locking compression plate”. In this study, twenty patients with tibia plateau fractures who presented to our casualty were studied. All the patients were victims of road traffic accidents. Once they were thermodynamically stable, were clinically examined and assessed for associated injuries.Out of 11 patients with Type VI fractures, 4(36%) had excellent results, 4(36%) had good results, 2(18%) had fair results and 1(9%) had poor results. The poor result was due to the associated pelvic injury, which interrupted the regular post-op rehabilitation. Out of 9 patients with type V fractures, 2(22%) had excellent results and 7(78%) had good results according to Rasmussen Radiologic Assessment. Hence,early mobilization is absolutely essential for preventing the knee stiffness & for quick articular cartilage regeneration. Weight-bearing should be delayed until solid union to prevent the articular collapse.
Production of English verbs ending in -ed by speakers from different L1 backgrounds

A producao dos verbos terminados em - ed esta entre os desafios mais frequentes para os aprendizes de ingles. A literatura mostra que eles tendem a usar a epentese vocalica ou a omissao do - ed para produzir estes verbos. Cada participante gravou individualmente 96 sentencas com um verbo em cada, incluindo 72 verbos terminados em ed e 24 irregulares, distratores neste estudo. Os oito participantes produziram 576 verbos com 25.52% de producoes diferentes da forma alvo, sugerindo que estes resultados foram influenciados pela proficiencia dos participantes, a qual pareceu ser maior do que a proficiencia dos participantes dos estudos anteriores sobre verbos terminados em - ed . Falantes de portugues brasileiro e espanhol como L1 usaram vogal epentetica e omissao do - ed na producao dos verbos enquanto que falantes de alemao usaram a omissao do- ed na producao dos verbos, produzindo estruturas silabicas menos marcadas e mais proximas das estruturas silabicas das suas L1s, assim como aconteceu em estudos anteriores. A producao dos verbos foi tambem influenciada pela mudanca no contexto que antecede ao - ed em funcao de dificuldades na leitura, lingua materna e ortografia do verbo. Ja a producao dos verbos por falantes de ingles como L1 mostrou a omissao do - ed , a qual foi possivelmente causada pela mistura ou ligacao entre sons similares durante a leitura.