Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using the Concept of Food Based Dietary Guidelines to Develop an Optimized Mixed Diet (OMD) for German Children and Adolescents

Objective: To apply for the first time FAO/WHO standards for Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) to develop a total diet concept named Optimized Mixed Diet (OMD) for children and adolescents in a European country. Methods: Exact 7-day menus were composed for sample age groups of children (4-6 years) and adolescents (13-14 years), taking into account the German meal patterns, common non-fortified foods, and sensory preferences of children (practical criteria). Food amounts and food selection within the menus were optimized so far as to achieve a total of reference intakes for 22 nutrients (scientific criteria). Simple food based messages were deduced. Results: Compared to the existing high-fat, low plant food diet reported from the DONALD Study (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study), the OMD is lower in fat and saturated fatty acids and contains ample amounts of plant foods. Reference nutrient densities for age groups between 1 and 18 years were achieved or exceeded, except folate. Foods from the optimized menus were summarized into 11 food groups based on nutritional and practical considerations. Proportions of food groups by weight are independent of age and can be used to recalculate food amounts for various age groups or energy requirements, respectively. For simplification, “recommended” foods were distinguished from “tolerated” foods by their nutrient densities; based on food amounts, 3 simple rules for food consumption were deduced, i.e. beverages and plant foods: ample; animal foods: moderate; high-fat, high-sugar foods: sparingly. Conclusions: Exact menus and food amounts are a prerequisite to ascertain nutrient adequacy of FBDG. The OMD demonstrates that a single diet concept with a core of quantified food groups can be adequate for age groups between 1 and 18 years within a country, such as Germany.
KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2011: Hoher Anpassungsbedarf im EU-Emissionshandel ab 2013 – deutliche Defizite bei der Vorbereitung in den Unternehmen

Im Rahmen eines Kooperationsprojekts mit der KfW Bankengruppe fuhrt das Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH (ZEW) seit 2009 jahrlich eine Befragung unter allen regulierten deutschen Unternehmen und zahlreichen internationalen Marktexperten des EU Emissionshandelssystems durch. Der Zweck der Datenerhebung ist die Analyse des Marktes fur Emissionszertifikate und seiner Entwicklung. Die Ergebnisse werden in einem jahrlichen, breit angelegten Marktreport, dem KfW/ZEW CO2-Barometer publiziert. Daruber hinaus gibt es eine Kurzveroffentlichung auf halbjahrlicher Basis, die uber aktuelle CO2-Barometer Entwicklungen auf dem Markt berichtet. Das Wichtigste in Kurze: Viele Investitionen zur Vermeidung von Treibhausgasemissionen erst in 15 Jahren zu erwarten. Verminderung des Ausstoses von Treibhausgasen zunehmend wichtigeres Investitionsmotiv. Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen durch hohe Kosten fur Emissionsmessung und komplexes Berichtswesen belastet.
An efficient way for segmentation of Bangla characters in printed document using curved scanning

The preeminent reason for poor output in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for Bangla text is introduced by segmentation related error. Different shape of characters, connected characters, modifiers in top and bottom, overlapped region between consecutive characters are the main obstacle for effective segmentation for Bangla printed text. In this paper an efficient strategy is introduced to segment characters consisting overlapped region with other characters. The proposed strategy of our research have achieved 99.8% accuracy rate in line segmentation, 99.5% accuracy in word segmentation and 99% accuracy for character segmentation. The error introduced when two consecutive characters have multiple touching points.
DensityTransfer: A Data Driven Approach for Imputing Electronic Health Records

Patient Electronic Health Records (EHR) are systematic collection of electronic patient health information including demographics, diagnosis, medication, procedure, lab tests, etc. Because of the rapid development of hardware and storage technologies, more and more EHRs become available and they are now serving as the basis for a lot of medical informatics applications, such as predictive modeling, patient risk stratification and care pathway analysis. One major challenge or working with EHR is sparsity. This is because patients will only have EHR recorded when they paid visits to clinical facilities. However, the patients typically will not pay frequent visits to those clinical sites unless they are severely sick and need intensive monitoring. In this paper, we propose Density Transfer, a data driven approach for imputing the sparse patient EHRs. As its name suggests, the idea is to transfer knowledge from patients with denser EHRs to their similar patients with sparse EHRs. We formulate Density Transfer as an optimization problem and propose an efficient block coordinate descent based approach to solve it.
Proteinuria is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Proteinuria is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients with NIDDM. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between proteinuria and ischemic stroke in subjects with NIDDM, and to determine whether proteinuria is an independent risk factor for stroke. METHODS We performed a case-control study of 59 diabetic patients with first-ever ischemic stroke due to thrombotic arterial occlusion, who were considered cases, and 180 diabetic patients without stroke, matched by gender, age, and diabetes duration, as a control group. WHO criteria for verified definite or possible stroke were used to ascertain the diagnosis of stroke. For the purpose of this study proteinuria was defined as a 24-hour urinary protein excretion rate of >/=20 and <200 microg/min. Risk factors included were smoking, blood pressure, body mass index, serum total cholesterol, hyperglycemia, and proteinuria. RESULTS Subjects with stroke had higher proteinuria proportion and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Both frequency of antihypertensive treatment and antihypertensive drugs used were similar among subjects with and without stroke. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the ORs and 95% CIs for the variables identified as risk factors for stroke were as follows: systolic pressure (OR 3.10; 95% CI 3.01 to 4.21; P=0.03); diastolic pressure (OR 3.30; 95% CI 1.04 to 4.48; P<0.0001); fasting glucose >/=11.1 mmol (OR 1.82; 905% CI 1.4 to 3.8; P=0.04), HbA1c >/=9.5% (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.3 to 5.1; P<0.01), and proteinuria (OR 3.23; 95% CI 1.06 to 4.36; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our case-control study gives evidence that proteinuria is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in patients with NIDDM.
Preliminary study on soil microbiota degrading plant latices and their protease and lipase enzymes

The present study aimed to isolate soil microorganisms-degrading plant latices and to screen their capablilities of producing protease and lipase. Many bacterial and fungal strains of mesophilic, thermotolerant or thermophilic nature were able to grow on sugar-free medium amended with crude latex of either Euphorbia pulcherrima, Ficus elastica or F. nitida and incubated at 25oC, 36oC or 45oC. This growth revealed that these growing microorganisms were able to make use of the crude latex as a sole carbon source. The total mesophilic bacterial propagules recovered on mineral salt medium amended with F. elastica latex was much higher than those recovered on media amended with either E. pulcherrima or F. nitida latex. Some of the mesophilic bacteria formed clear zones around their colonies (some Streptomyces spp. recovered on Ficus elastica and F. nitida latices) while the others showed no clear zones. Also one thermophilic and another thermotolerant species related to the genus Bacillus were isolated on media amended with the three plant latices. The total numbers of mesophilic fungal propagules recovered on medium amended with either Ficus latex were nearly equal, but higher than that amended with E. pulcherrima latex. Thirty-one species of fungi were recovered on the three latex media. Of mesophiles, Aspergillus followed by Fusarium, Penicillium and Cladosporium were the most common fungi, while the remaining fungi were less frequent. Three truly thermophilic species, Humicola grisea var. thermoidea, Malbranchea cinnamomea and Myceliophthora thermophile, were isolated. All mesophilic bacterial isolates, except one related to Streptomyces sp. , were capable of producing protease and lipase, while from the thermophilic/thermotolerant bacterial isolates tested, only one Bacillus isolate could produce both enzymes and the other two isolates of Bacillus could not. The thirty mesophilic fungal isolates tested were capable of producing lipase, while 25 only were protease producers. On the other hand, the eleven thermophilic fungal isolates tested were capable of producing protease, while 8 only were lipase producers.
Fault Detection of Fuel Injectors Based on One-Class Classifiers

Fuel injectors are considered as an important component of combustion engines. Operational weakness can possibly lead to the complete machine malfunction, decreasing reliability and leading to loss of production. To overcome these circumstances, various condition monitoring techniques can be applied. The application of acoustic signals is common in the field of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Advanced signal processing is utilized for the construction of features that are specialized in detecting fuel injector faults. A performance comparison between novelty detection algorithms in the form of one-class classifiers is presented. The one-class classifiers that were tested included One-Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) and One-Class Self Organizing Map (OCSOM). The acoustic signals of fuel injectors in different operational conditions were processed for feature extraction. Features from all the signals were used as input to the one-class classifiers. The one-class classifiers were trained only with healthy fuel injector conditions and compared with new experimental data which belonged to different operational conditions that were not included in the training set so as to contribute to generalization. The results present the effectiveness of one-class classifiers for detecting faults in fuel injectors.
A Incidência Parasitária Anual da Malária e a sua Relação com as Variáveis Ambientais e Limnológicas em Dois Bairros de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre

A malaria e uma doenca infecciosa febril aguda, tendo como agentes etiologicos protozoarios, transmitida por vetores do genero Anopheles, sendo considerada como um grave problema de Saude Publica em nivel mundial. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de descrever a IPA (incidencia parasitaria anual) e aspectos referentes as condicoes ecologicas de anofelinos em Cruzeiro do Sul-Acre. Durante 13 meses, foram realizadas medicoes e coletadas amostras, e variaveis limnologicas foram determinadas, a saber: temperatura, teor de oxigenio dissolvido, pH, condutividade eletrica, turbidez e fosforo total. O teste t de Student foi utilizado para comparar as variaveis limnologicas nos dois bairros. A IPA foi alta nos dois bairros, sendo maior no bairro Canela Fina, com 1625/1000, logo de alto risco malarigeno. Em geral, os valores das variaveis limnologicas foram similares a de outros ambientes tropicais, onde ocorre a presenca da larva.
Complex mammary tumours in the female dog: a review

Spontaneous mammary tumours are most frequently seen (apart from rodents) in women, female dogs and cats. The mammary gland is the most commonly affected organ for tumours in women and in female dogs. The mammary gland has a similar histology in the different species whereas the number of glands differs as well as the number of interlobular ducts that reach the nipple/teat. The parenchymatous tissue is composed of alveoli that turn into interlobular ducts. The whole ductal tree is outlined by a two-layered epithelium with the luminal epithelial cells adjacent to the lumen and the more sparse myoepithelial cells peripherally located to these. Different proteins such as growth factors regulate the mammary gland, as they do for all tissues in the body. In addition, sex hormones regulate the biology of the mammary gland. Oestrogen has the most pronounced effect on duct growth whereas progesterone promotes growth of the alveoli.
Survey on Captcha and its Techniques for BOT Protection

The Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) is used to believe that a human is using the web service [1]. For the online services which are been provided in web services is been abused by automated bots over the internet. So CAPTCHA is used as a protection from these malicious programs for web security. But the bots are intelligent enough to break through these CAPTCHA. To increase the security, there are several CAPTCHA techniques has been proposed. In this paper various types of CAPTCHA techniques has been discussed and more secure techniques for the bot protection were discussed.
Protein expression levels of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 and xeroderma pigmentosum D correlate with response to platinum-based chemotherapy in the patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer

This study was undertaken to examine whether there is an association between excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) and xeroderma pigmentosum D (XPD) protein expression levels and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The study cohort consisted of 91 consecutive patients suffering from stage III or IV disease of primary EOC from 1999 to 2004 at the Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. There were 36 sensitive cases of serous ovarian cancer, 27 resistant cases of serous ovarian cancer, 15 cases of clear cell cancer, and 13 cases with serous ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The ovarian tissue microsections were stained by standard immunohistochemical techniques to show ERCC1 and XPD protein expression levels. In resistance group of serous ovarian cancer, ERCC1 and XPD protein expression levels were significantly higher than those of sensitivity group, and after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, they showed 23% and 32% higher than before. Meanwhile, their levels of clear cell cancer group were significantly higher than serous ovarian cancer group's. Upregulation of ERCC1 and XPD protein expression was associated with resistance process to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced EOC. This study provided evidence that differences of nucleotide excision repair–related genes expression may have an effect on the observed differences in clinical behavior of EOC
A estabilização inacabada

Como avaliar o governo do presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso? Foi um bom, ou um mau governo? Houve avancos nos oitos anos em que FH esteve no poder? Quais foram os recuos? Onde o presidente acertou? Onde errou? De um lado, estabilizacao economica, superavits primarios, privatizacoes, reformas. Do outro, endividamento crescente, juros altos, divida publica que nao para de crescer.
Interference mitigation scheme for Device-to-Device communication with QoS constraint

Interference mitigation scheme is studied for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in cellular networks to improve the overall system capacity and spectrum efficiency. Firstly a lower bound of the neighbor distance is derived for a D2D UE according to the transmitter density and the QoS requirement of a D2D pair. By using this distance, a neighbor set can be chosen adaptively based on the interference condition so that the SINR of the D2D pair can be guaranteed at a desired probability. In addition, a metric, tolerant interference degree (TID) is defined to evaluate the permissible interference scope for a successful D2D transmission. Finally, an interference mitigation scheme based on greedy coloring is designed according to the derived neighbor distance and TID to mitigate interference among D2D pairs. The simulation results show that the throughput is significantly improved by proposed scheme compared with the existing freedom degree scheme (from 135% to 220%). And the resource efficiency is up to 4 times higher than that of the freedom degree scheme.
GEODESICS AND DEFORMED PSEUDO–RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS WITH SYMMETRY

There is a general method, applicable in many situations, whereby a pseudo–Riemannian metric, invariant under the action of some Lie group, can be deformed to obtain a new metric whose geodesics can be expressed in terms of the geodesics of the old metric and the action of the Lie group. This method applied to Euclidean space and the unit sphere produces new examples of complete Riemannian metrics whose geodesics are expressible in terms of elementary functions.
Mechanical Properties of the Avena Coleoptile As Related to Auxin and to Ionic Interactions.

1. BRIAN, P. W. and HEMMING, H. G. The effect of gibberellic acid on shoot growth of pea seedlings. Physiol. Plantarum 8: 669-681. 1955. 2. LANG, A. Induction of flower formation in biennial Hyoseyamus by treatment with gibberellin. Naturwiss. 43: 284-285. 1956. 3. LOCKHART, J. A. Reversal of the light inhibition of pea stem growth by the gibberellins. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S. 42: 841-848. 1956. 4. LONA, F. and BOCCHI, A. Interferenza dell'acido gibberellico nell'effecte della luce rossa e rossaestrema sull'allungamento del fusto di Perilla ocymoides L. L'ateneo Parmense 27: 645-649. 1956. 5. PATON, D. M. and BARBER, H. N. Physiological genetics of Pisumn. I. Grafting experiments between early and late varieties. Australian Jour. Biol. Sci. 8: 231-240. 1955. 6. PHINNEY, B. 0. Growth response of single-gene dwarf mutants in Maize to gibberellic acid. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S. 42: 185-189. 1956. 7. THIMANN, K. V. , ed. The Action of Hormones in Plants and Invertebrates. Pp. 1-288. Academic Press, Inc., New York 1952. 8. WENT, F. W. Transplantation experiments with peas. Amer. Jour. Bot. 25: 44-55. 1938. 9. WEST, C. A. and PHINNEY, B. 0. Properties of gibberellin-like factors from extracts of higher plants. Plant Physiol. 31 (Suppl.): xx. 1956.
Movilidad en la Cartera de Cotizantes por AFP: la Importancia de ser Primero en Rentabilidad

Este trabajo reexamina el tema de los movimientos de afiliados entre AFPs poniendo especial enfasis en el impacto del ranking de rentabilidad sobre la tasa de salida de cotizantes por cartera de AFPs. La idea de incluir esta variable es que el manejo de esta informacion por parte de los afiliados parece ser menos compleja que el manejo de informacion de la tasas de rentabilidades efectivas, y por lo tanto los afiliados pueden tomar decisiones mas facilmente basados en ella. En el trabajo se utilizan dos medidas de tasa de salida de cotizantes por AFP. La primera de ellas es la definicion tradicional (numero de cotizantes que abandonan la cartera sobre el numero de cotizantes en la cartera), mientras que la segunda mide la tasa de salida normalizada por la tasa de salida en el sistema. Esta ultima medida permite eliminar efectos de posibles variables omitidas que tengan un alto componente comun entre AFPs, como es tipicamente el caso de esfuerzos de ventas.
Problématique diagnostique d'infection par un virus dengue en zone endémo-épidémique (Guadeloupe) et élaboration de contrôles internes de la qualité pour les tests AgNS1 et IgM

Arbovirose la plus repandue sur la planete, la dengue circule dans la Caraibe et notamment en Guadeloupe selon un mode endemo-epidemique. Les vecteurs de la maladie sont des moustiques du genre Aedes, les deux principaux etant Aedes aegypti et Aedes albopictus. Aucun signe clinique de la dengue n’est specifique et son evolution est imprevisible. Generalement benigne, des formes graves voire fatales peuvent survenir. Les trois methodes diagnostiques utilisees en routine sont la detection du genome viral par biologie moleculaire (RT-PCR), la recherche de l’antigene NS1 et le diagnostic indirect serologique. Leurs utilisations conjointes ou isolees dependent du stade clinique de la maladie, de la date de debut des signes cliniques et du contexte epidemiologique. Il n’existe pas de traitement antiviral specifique, ni de vaccin disponible a l’heure actuelle. Le traitement est symptomatique. La delivrance de resultats biologiques fiables lors d’un diagnostic de dengue necessite l’elaboration de controles internes de la qualite (CIQ). Pour cela, nous avons mis en place au laboratoire de virologie du CHU de Pointe-a-pitre un CIQ pour la detection de l’antigene NS1 et un CIQ pour la detection serologique des IgM de la dengue a partir de serums humains. Trois matrices ont ete utilisees pour effectuer les dilutions : le tampon phosphate salin, le serum de veau fœtal et le serum humain. Cette etude a montre que le serum de veau fœtal presentait des resultats plus fiables en termes de repetabilite (Coefficient de variation CV de 14% pour l’AgNS1 et de 4% pour les IgM anti-dengue) et de reproductibilite (CV de 20,8% pour l’AgNS1 et de 13,8% pour les IgM anti-dengue). Ces valeurs de CV toutefois elevees sont a mettre en relation avec le type de technique utilisee et les attentes en matiere de reproductibilite des interpretations (m! ethodes semi-quantitatives pour les deux parametres etudies).
Realized Semicovariances

We propose a new decomposition of the realized covariance matrix into components based on the signs of the underlying high-frequency returns. Under an asymptotic setting in which the sampling interval goes to zero, we derive the asymptotic properties of the resulting realized semicovariance measures. The first-order asymptotic results highlight how the concordant components and the mixed-sign component load differently on economic information concerning stochastic correlation and jumps. The second-order asymptotics, taking the form of a novel non-central limit theorem, further reveals the fine structure underlying the concordant semicovariances, as manifest in the form of co-drifting and dynamic ``leverage'' type effects. In line with this anatomy, we empirically document distinct dynamic dependencies in the different realized semicovariance components based on data for a large cross-section of individual stocks. We further show that the accuracy of portfolio return variance forecasts may be significantly improved by using the realized semicovariance matrices to ``look inside'' the realized covariance matrices for signs of direction.
Generalized Systematic Approach to Assess Distribution System Reliability With Renewable Distributed Generators and Microgrids

This paper presents an innovative generalized systematic approach and related analytical formulation to evaluate distribution system reliability in smart grids where islanded operation of microgrids helps to improve local and overall reliability. In order to do this, the analytical formulation involves the adequacy calculation of conventional and renewable distributed generators supplying microgrids by using probabilistic models. Adequacy is computed by means of a new general analytical expression which takes into account load shedding (user load disconnection) and curtailment (user load reduction) policies.