Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bone mineralisation adjacent to cemented and uncemented acetabular cups: analysis by [18F]-fluoride-PET in a randomised clinical trial

Purpose: We present a randomised clinical trial using F-PET/CT to analyse new bone metabolic mineralisation adjacent to acetabular cups following total hip arthoplasty (THA). Patients and methods: THA was performed on 26 patients (26 cases) with hip OA. Patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) were randomly assigned to operations with cemented or uncemented acetabular components. The contralateral, healthy acetabulum was used as referent for normal bone metabolism. The patients were analysed with radiography, clinical scoring, and F-PET/CT preoperatively, and at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. Results: No major complications were recorded, and clinical results were good in all patients. Radiography showed all cups to be stable. The bone-forming activity, as measured by F-PET/CT, was quantified as standardised uptake values (SUV). The mean SUV was 4.6 (6 weeks) and 3.5 (6 months) around the uncemented cups, and 4.8 and 4.0, respectively, for the cemented cups. Normal healthy bone metabolism in the referent was 2.8 and 2.7 SUV at 6 weeks and 6 months, respectively. P < 0.01 for the cemented group at 6 weeks and 6 months, for the uncemented group only at 6 weeks. Interpretation: An acetabulum affected by OA has elevated SUV activity. Both cemented and uncemented cups had elevated bone metabolic activity at 6 weeks. The raised activity was interpreted as an effect from bone mineralisation secondary to surgical trauma and healing, and to the OA. At 6 months, activity was more normalised for the uncemented group than for the cemented, suggesting healing may terminate faster in the uncemented group. Postoperative bone metabolic activity can be analysed in detail by F-PET/CT. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01623687
Ex situ gibbon conservation: status, management and birth sex ratios

Many zoos take part in captive-management programmes for gibbon species, which contribute to the conservation of this highly threatened taxon. Eight gibbon species are represented in captive-management programmes globally, although the numbers held are highly biased towards only two species, which fill most of the space available in zoos. The other gibbon species are held in small populations that are difficult to manage and, thus, are unlikely in their current form to be self-sustaining. Effort and, more importantly, space are required to grow these small gibbon populations. In addition, the space that is available needs to be used wisely. This may require that only animals that can actively contribute, whether genetically or socially, to the goal of achieving a self-sustaining captive population are maintained. There is also a need to investigate the impact of environmental factors in captivity as they relate to birth and death rates, which would enable evidence-based captive management of gibbons with the aim of stimulating breeding and mitigating the potential deleterious impacts associated with managing small populations.
A CMOS SPAD Line Sensor With Per-Pixel Histogramming TDC for Time-Resolved Multispectral Imaging

A 512 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 16 single photon avalanche diode (SPAD)-based line sensor is designed in a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS image sensor technology for time-resolved multispectral beam scanned imaging. The sensor has 23.78-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pixel pitch and incorporates one SPAD array with 49.31% fill factor optimized for detection in the blue–green spectral region, and a second array at 15.75% fill factor optimized for the red-near-infrared response spectral region. Each pixel contains a 32-bin histogramming time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a mean time resolution of 51.20 ps. Histogram bin resolutions are adjustable from 51.20 ps to 6.55 ns per bin. The line sensor can operate in single photon counting (SPC) mode (102.1 giga-events/s), time-correlated SPC (TCSPC) mode (192.4 million-events/s) or on-chip histogramming mode (16.5 giga-events/s), increasing the count rate up to 85 times compared to TCSPC mode. Sensor capability is demonstrated through spectral fluorescence lifetime imaging, resolving three fluorophore populations with distinct fluorophore lifetimes.
Iron-related parameters in adipose tissue and blood in diabetes mellitus

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been shown to be associated with increased body iron stores. The iron content in adipose tissue has been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, a characteristic feature of T2DM. AIM OF THE STUDY: To study iron-related parameters in adipose tissue and blood in T2DM patients and to compare them with control subjects OBJECTIVES: 1. To determine mRNA expression of transferrin receptor 1(TfR1) (the iron import protein) and ferroportin (the iron export protein) in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in patients with T2DM and in control subjects. 2. To compare serum levels of iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation in patients with T2DM and control subjects. 3. To obtain anthropometric data of these patients and correlate these with the above parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent elective abdominal surgery were the subjects of this study. Such patients were classified as diabetics or controls as per the American Diabetes Association 2015 criteria. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected from the patients preoperatively. Blood was used to estimate various iron-related parameters. Samples of sub-cutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were collected at the time of surgery. These samples were used to determine gene expression of ferroportin and TfR1. RESULTS: Twenty three diabetics and 14 control subjects were studied. Blood parameters of iron status and body mass index were similar in both groups. TfR1 mRNA levels tended to be higher in the visceral adipose tissue of the diabetic group compared to controls (p value = 0.069). There was a significant correlation between TfR1 and ferroportin mRNA levels in the visceral adipose tissue of diabetics. CONCLUSION: The observations of this study suggest that adipocytes in VAT from diabetics may be iron-depleted, as indicated by a trend for TfR1 mRNA levels to be higher in diabetics. This observation requires confirmation in an adequate sample size of patients.
Intérêt du strain atrial gauche pour prédire l’intolérance à l’effort des patients atteints d’une cardiomyopathie hypertrophique

Introduction : l’intolerance a l’effort est frequemment observee au cours de la cardiomyopathie hypertrophique (CMH). Le pic de strain longitudinal de l’oreillette gauche au repos (OGe) a montre un interet pour predire la capacite d’effort dans d’autres phenotypes d’insuffisance cardiaque. Notre but etait d’evaluer le OGe au cours de la CMH. Materiels et Methodes : 36 patients ont ete prospectivement inclus et ont beneficie d’une echocardiographie d’effort couplee a une epreuve cardio-respiratoire. La capacite d’effort a ete assimilee a la consommation d’O2 au pic de l’effort (pic de VO2). Le OGe a ete mesure depuis les vues apicales 4 et 2 cavites. 17 sujets sains, appareilles sur l’âge et le sexe, ont servi de temoins. Resultats : la capacite d’effort des patients CMH etait alteree par rapport aux temoins (pic de VO2 = 21.3 [16.6-27.9] vs 31.6 [26.9-37.7] mL/min/kg [p = 0.0004]). Le OGe etait aussi plus bas dans le premier groupe (18.4% [14.5-25.5] et 39.7% [33.6-41.7] respectivement [p < 0.0001]). La correlation entre pic de VO2 et OGe etait forte (? = 0.578, p = 0.0002). Apres regression multiple, le OGe etait independamment associe au pic de VO2. Le OGe a une sensibilite de 100% et une specificite de 74% pour detecter les patients les plus graves (quartile inferieur de pic de VO2) de notre cohorte ; aire sous la courbe = 0.893, p < 0.0001. Conclusion : le OGe est un biomarqueur fiable de l’intolerance a l’effort dans la CMH.
Association of Liver Function Tests in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Aim:- The aim of our study was to find an association of liver function tests and pregnancy induced hypertension. Study Design:- A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on patients attending the Outpatient department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of SGRR Medical College, Dehradun (U.K.), during a period of four months for October 2016 to January 2017. A total number of 165 cases of reproductive age group (21-35 yrs) and having hypertension were selected randomly for this study. Exclusion criteria was age less than 21 yrs and more than 35 yrs. Women having multiple pregnancy and past history of diabetes, hypertension, renal disease, liver disease etc were excluded from the study. Methodology:- Blood samples were collected and Serum Bilirubin, ALT, AST and Alkaline phosphatase were estimated by enzymatic methods on a fully automated machine 5600 of Orthodiagnostics. Results:- A slight rise in transaminases and a significant rise in the levels of Serum Alkaline phosphatase was observed Results were analyzed using SPASS software & tabulated as Mean ± SD ± SE.
RSSDI-ESI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2020

Rajeev Chawla1, S. V. Madhu2, B. M. Makkar3, Sujoy Ghosh4, Banshi Saboo5, Sanjay Kalra6, On behalf of the RSSDI-ESI Consensus Group* 1North Delhi Diabetes Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, 2Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, UCMS-GTB Hospital, 3Dr. Makkar’s Diabetes and Obesity Centre, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, 5DiaCare A Complete Diabetes Care Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 6Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
Behavioral Interaction between Chinook Salmon and Brown Trout Juveniles in a Simulated Stream

Abstract The behavioral interaction between underyearling Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and brown trout Salmo trutta, both exotics in an unnatural sympatry in New Zealand, was tested during spring and summer in a simulated stream containing natural food. Both species were highly territorial and actively defended preferred drift-feeding sites and resting areas in the pool. Species dominance differed with season and was influenced by prior residence. In spring, Chinook salmon were larger (because of their earlier emergence) and socially dominant, but they did not dominate when brown trout had prior residence. In summer, interspecific differences in size no longer existed, and brown trout were always socially dominant, although dominance required more time to establish when Chinook salmon were prior residents. Most aggressive attacks of both species were initiated and won by the dominant fish in both spring and summer. Yearling brown trout in the pool in summer did not influence the interaction bet.
Microsite Factors and Spore Dispersal Limit Obligate Mycorrhizal Fern Distribution: Habitat Islands of Botrychium pumicola (Ophioglossaceae)

Abstract We investigated the influence of microsite and establishment factors on the distribution of Botrychium pumicola Coville ex Underw. (Ophioglossaceae), an obligate mycorrhizal fern restricted to specialized volcanic habitats, predominately pumice, in the Cascade Range of central and southern Oregon and northern California. The fragmented distribution of this threatened species and its absence from suitable habitat is of conservation concern. At eight subalpine and one alpine site, plots with and without B. pumicola were compared for biotic and abiotic variables. Botrychium pumicola populations occurred with diverse perennial plants. Nearest neighbor analysis showed a clumped dispersion of B. pumicola with associated plants. Botrychium pumicola spores were found in soils of seven plots with and two without B. pumicola. In plots with B. pumicola, soil potassium was higher while soil density and soil temperatures were lower than in plots without B. pumicola. Airborne spores, collected in spore traps, were dispersed up to 10 m from source plants. Microsite factors (soil nutrients, soil density, nearest neighbor dispersion) and dispersal limitations are likely key factors influencing the distribution of Botrychium pumicola. Narrow spore germination requirements combined with dispersal limitations may influence population expansion of obligate mycorrhizal ferns such as B. pumicola.
Demographic Inference and Representative Population Estimates from Multilingual Social Media Data

Social media provide access to behavioural data at an unprecedented scale and granularity. However, using these data to understand phenomena in a broader population is difficult due to their non-representativeness and the bias of statistical inference tools towards dominant languages and groups. While demographic attribute inference could be used to mitigate such bias, current techniques are almost entirely monolingual and fail to work in a global environment. We address these challenges by combining multilingual demographic inference with post-stratification to create a more representative population sample. To learn demographic attributes, we create a new multimodal deep neural architecture for joint classification of age, gender, and organization-status of social media users that operates in 32 languages. This method substantially outperforms current state of the art while also reducing algorithmic bias. To correct for sampling biases, we propose fully interpretable multilevel regression methods that estimate inclusion probabilities from inferred joint population counts and ground-truth population counts. In a large experiment over multilingual heterogeneous European regions, we show that our demographic inference and bias correction together allow for more accurate estimates of populations and make a significant step towards representative social sensing in downstream applications with multilingual social media.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Prevalence and Antibiogram in Various Clinical Specimens at Alka Hospital

Objectives: This study aimed to study the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical specimen. Methods: During the study period (April-September, 2013), 754 various clinical samples collected from patients visiting at Alka Hospital were cultured for isolation of S. aureus. The isolates were characterized as S. aureus by their morphology on Gram staining, growth characteristics and coagulase production. Screening of methicillinresistant S. aureus was determined using cefoxitin disk as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. The diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured and interpretation was done in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. An isolate was considered to be a MRSA strain if cefoxitin inhibition zone diameter was < 22 mm. All isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion methods. Results: Total 109 (14.46%) isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and 36 (33.02%) S. aureus isolates of them were screened as methicillin resistant S. aureus. Maximum percentage (63.9%) of methicillin resistant S. aureus strains were comprised of pus specimens. Highest percentage (47.6%) of MRSA was isolated from the age group of above 60 years. Maximum percentage of MRSA strain was detected in admitted patients which accounts for 63.9% of total MRSA. Majority of MRSA isolates were observed to be multidrug resistant. All 36 isolates of MRSA showed that vancomycin, a reserved drug for the multidrug resistant MRSA found to be 100% sensitive. Beside vancomycin, ceftriaxone (83.3%) found to be most sensitive drug for the MRSA isolates. Conclusion: The emergence of drug resistance and its dissemination in MRSA is worrisome. So we need to develop newer agents as well as slow down the spread of resistant strains by various control measures.
Seminal Quality Prediction Using Deep Learning Based on Artificial Intelligence

Fertility rates have dramatically decreased in the last two decades, especially in men. It has been described that environmental factors, as well as life habits, may affect semen quality. This paper evaluates the performance of different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for classifying fertility dataset that includes the semen sample analysed according to WHO 2010 criteria and publicly available on UCI data repository. In this context, deep neural network (DNN) which involved in many studies in recent years is proposed to classify fertility dataset successfully. For the purpose of comparing the proposed method’s performance, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system (ANFIS) is also used for the classification problem. The results show that the performance of the DNN has the best with the average accuracy rate of 90.11%, and the results of the other ANFIS methods are also satisfactory.
The Feeding of Some Ornithophilic Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Laboratory and Their Role in the Transmission of Leucocytozoon simondi

Techniques and equipment are described for feeding, in the laboratory, Cnephia invenusta (Walker), Simulium innocens Shewell, and S. rugglesi Nicholson & Mickel collected from exposed birds at the Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Seney, Michigan, and C. ornithophilia Davies, Peterson, & Wood, S. euryadminiculum Davies, and S. rugglesi reared from larvae at the Seney Refuge ( S. rugglesi ) and the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland. In 4 feeding experiments with C. invenusta on Pekin ducklings, 109 fed of 194 flies exposed; in 2 experiments with S. innocens on a mallard duckling and an Emden gosling, 35 fed of 65 flies exposed; in 12 experiments with S. rugglesi on mallard ducklings and Canada goose goslings, 465 fed of 1215 flies exposed; in 40 experiments with C. ornithophilia on Khaki Campbell, mallard, and Pekin ducklings and yearling Canada and Emden goslings, 950 fed of 1713 flies exposed; and, in 2 experiments with S. euryadminiculum on Pekin ducklings, 27 fed of 46 flies exposed. Feeding time varied from 2.10 to 15 minutes. C. ornithophilia, S. innocens , and S. rugglesi fed on Khaki Campbell, mallard, and Pekin ducklings and yearling Canada geese infected with Leucocytozoon simondi Mathis & Leger were held 4-7 days after the blood meal. The flies were triturated in physiological saline and deactivated calf serum and inoculated intravenously and intraperitoneally in parasite-free Pekin, Khaki Campbell, and mallard ducklings and Canada goose goslings. Birds became infected with L. simondi 9-14 days after being inoculated with C. ornithophilia ; 4-7 days after being inoculated with S. innocens ; and 9 days after being inoculated with S. rugglesi . Starved, laboratory-fed C. ornithophilia fed first on L. simondi infected Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducklings, held 4-7 days at room temperature, then fed for the 2nd time on parasite-free Pekin ducklings, transmitted the infection by their bite. The birds showed young parasites in the peripheral blood 10 and 11 days following the 2nd feeding.
The importance of including toxicity assays when screening plant extracts for antimalarial activity

Identifying plant extracts as sources of antimalarial compounds needs to be addressed as numerous studies screen extracts without the means of eliminating extracts that are merely cytotoxic. Fifty-nine organic solvent extracts from South African plants were screened for antiplasmodial activity using the [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assay against the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Variable antiplasmodial activity and toxicity was observed. Extracts form Combretum erythrophyllum and Crinum bulbispermum, had IC50 values  1 mg/ml with the ethyl acetate extracts of C. bulbispermum roots and bulbs having values comparable to chloroquine (0.04 mg/ml). Nine extracts had toxicity indexes  100. Lycorine, isolated from C. bulbispermum was as active as chloroquine (IC50 of 0.03 mg/ml) and had a favourable security index.
EFFECT OF SUB-CLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM ON CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES

Background: Sub-clinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with dyslipidemias which may increase the cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to compare the serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in subclinical hypothyroidism and normal euthyroid subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study had control group of 50 euthyroid subjects selected from Mayo Hospital, Lahore who were advised to get thyroid profile checked. Fifty sub-clinical hypothyroid patients were included on the basis of their thyroid profile reports. Fasting blood samples were taken from both the groups for analysis of serum levels of T4, total cholesterol and Triglycerides. Studentâ€™s t-test was used to compare the mean values, and pâ‰¤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean Triglyceride level in SCH was 168.28 mg/dl, and in euthyroid controls it was 133.62 mg/dL (p<0.001). There were no differences of total cholesterol in both groups with value of 190 mg/dL in SCH group and 189.12 in control group (p=0.912). Triglycerides level was raised in SCH and there was no pronounced effect on total cholesterol. Conclusion: The effects of SCH are more pronounced on triglycerides and less on total cholesterol.
Answer Set Programming et interrogation

Ontologies are used to describe information about concepts and links between them. Several efficient reasoners are available for query answering with ontologies. When information to be processed is imperfect or is subject to exception, common formalisms are not suitable anymore, that is why we propose the use of Answer Set Programming (ASP) that offers a better expressivity for ontologies. We take interest in the formal definition of query answering in ASP and we show that related implementations give interesting results both on traditional ontologies and with those containing exceptions. MOTS-CLÉS : Answer Set Programming, interrogation, ontologie.