Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of maintenance energy and growth rate on the metabolic activity, morphology and conidiation of Penicillium chrysogenum.

SUMMARY: The rates of utilization of energy-yielding substrates (glucose and oxygen) by Penicillium chrysogenum in glucose-limited chemostat cultures were resolved into requirements or ‘rations’ for growth and maintenance. The maintenance ration of glucose was almost all oxidized to carbon dioxide. Over the growth rate range 0.023--0.075 hr-1 only vegetative growth occurred; although the filamentous growth form predominated, the occurrence of pellets and swollen organisms increased with growth rate. At growth rates of 0.014 hr-1 and below, conidiation occurred and was maximal at a specific growth rate of 0.009 hr-1 (average doubling time 78 hr). After growth in chemostat culture the organism could be maintained in a non-growing state by supplying only the maintenance ration of glucose (0.022 g. glucose g. mycelial dry wt/hr). When growth in the chemostat was suddenly stopped by stopping the glucose feed, the mould autolyzed; autolysis was prevented by supplying the maintenance ration of glucose. When the glucose feed rate in chemostat cultures was decreased to the maintenance ration, mycelial differentiation occurred. Differentiation involved increased hyphal vacuolation, a decreased degree of oxidation of glucose, breakdown and resynthesis of nucleic acids and conidiation. The rates at which these changes occurred were inversely related to the growth rate prior to stopping growth. For maximum conidia formation there was an optimal glucose feed rate about 0.038 g. glucose/g. mycelial dry wt/hr, that is 1.7 x maintenance ration. The maintenance ration of glucose was shown to play a role in preventing autolysis and facilitating conidiation. Electron microscope studies showed that there was no change in the observed ultrastructure of cells (except degree of vacuolation) with change in specific growth rate from near the maximum to zero. The septa of the hyphae were found to be plugged.
Does body composition differ between fibromyalgia patients and controls? the al-Ándalus project.

OBJECTIVES To characterise the anthropometric and body composition profile of a sample of fibromyalgia women and men from southern Spain and compare them with non-fibromyalgia controls. METHODS The cross-sectional study comprised 566 (51.9 ± 8.3 years) fibromyalgia women vs. 249 (49.3 ± 9.9 years) control women; and 24 (47.0 ± 8.4 years) fibromyalgia men vs. 56 (49.7 ± 11.5 years) control men. Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed by means of a bioelectric impedanciometer and the 6-minute walk test, respectively. RESULTS All body composition para-meters (except muscle mass) differed between fibromyalgia and control women (all, p<0.01) even after controlling for several key variables (all, p<0.05). The effect sizes observed were small-medium. When cardiorespiratory fitness was included as covariate, body composition was no longer different between the women study groups. No differences in body composition were observed between fibromyalgia and control men (all, p>0.05). Weight status differed between women groups, with 11% lower normal-weight and 17% higher obesity prevalence for the fibromyalgia women group (p<0.001), but not between men groups (p=0.711). Seventy-two percent of the fibromyalgia women and 79% of the fibromyalgia men were overweight-obese. Sixty-one percent of the control women and 83% of the control men were overweight-obese. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is a greater common condition among fibromyalgia women compared to their counterparts from southern Spain, which might be explained by lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness in fibromyalgia. However, fibromyalgia and control men do not differ on either body composition or weight status, in spite of the lower cardiorespiratory fitness found in the fibromyalgia men group.
Health Selection vs. Causation in the Income Gradient: What Can We Learn from Graphical Trends?

Income produces health, and sickness negatively affects earnings. These two factors likely explain the income gradient in health, but each has very different policy implications. In this paper, I examine graphical trends in mortality risk between low-income and higher-income people by age and gender. These trends suggest that forward causality (income affecting health) is more important than reverse causality (health affecting income) in the income-health gradient. However, there is some evidence to suggest that reverse causality plays an important role for younger men.
Excess mortality among former adolescent male out‐patients

Mortality among 156 males and 122 females referred to an out‐patient adolescent psychiatric clinic in a Finnish town between 1984 and 1989 was examined. During the follow‐up (mean duration 6 years; range 0–6.3 years for the deceased, 0.6–10.3 years for the survivors), 16 male subjects but no females had died. Among those who had died, the mode of death was suicide in 11 cases. The mortality for any cause for males was 10.3% and that for suicide was 7.1%. All male victims had similar high levels of individual and familial disturbances. Current suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, poor psychosocial functioning and a recommendation for psychiatric hospital treatment during the index treatment were associated with male mortality/suicidality. A high risk for mortality for several years after psychiatric treatment was found. It is concluded that, in clinical settings, perceived current suicidal tendencies should be assessed carefully.
New IT-Processed Nb3Sn Wires With Cu Alloy Matrix

New internal-tin (IT) processed Nb3Sn wires using Cu-alloy matrix instead of pure Cu have been developed. Brass is an attractive alloy as the matrix, because Zn seems effective to accelerate Nb3Sn synthesis. Zn remains homogeneously in the matrix after the Nb3Sn synthesis expecting improvement of the mechanical tolerance of the wire, which may be preferable particularly for react and wind magnet applications. Here, two newly designed wires using gold brass (Cu-15wt%Zn) were fabricated: 1) single stack type and 2) multifilamentary (MF) type. Electron probe microanalysis results indicate enhancement of Sn activity in the matrix. Thicker Nb3Sn layers were formed, and residual Sn content in the matrix became smaller compared with Cu matrix samples. The Jc characteristics of the brass matrix wire is appreciably higher than that of the Cu matrix wire. In MF-type wire, inside Nb cores were fully reacted, although unreacted Nb parts were found in outermost filaments. More appreciable reduction of residual Sn content in the matrix was found in the MF-type wire. Present new Nb3Sn wire may be useful for future application of superconductivity.
Benchmarking time-dependent variability of junctionless nanowire FETs

Time-dependent variability of junctionless gate-all-around nanowire pFETs is studied through measurements and simulations. The variability, related to effects such as Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) and Bias Temperature Instability (BTI), is discussed in terms of the distribution of individual charged gate oxide trap threshold voltage shifts. This distribution is shown to be shaped by i) the electrostatics of the device, and ii) percolative source-drain conduction. It is concluded that the time dependent variability of our JL GAA NW pFETs is comparable to previously measured pFinFETs. However, provided that other sources of variability are suppressed, JL FETs time-zero and time-dependent variability may remain high due to the high body doping.
The Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate Coated Implants by Ion-beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) Method in Dogs : A Preliminary Study

Rough surfaced implants have been reported to favor early bone healing than smooth surfaced implants. Among various methods introduced to roughen the implant surface, coating with calcium phosphate(CaP) is one of them. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone healing response of anodized implants with two different coating thickness of CaP(200 nm and 500 nm) deposited by ion beam assisted method. CaP coated implants were placed on circumferencial coronal defects of four mongrel dogs and the amount of defect fill was evaluated histologically after 8 weeks. The amount of coronal defect filling varied among the implants according to its surface characteristics. The CaP coating thickness of 500 nm showed the greatest amount of defect fill than implants with 200 nm of CaP coating thickness and non coated implants. Within the limits of this study, when coating implants with CaP by ion-beam assisted deposition method, coating thickness of 500 nm seemed to be effective.
Community-Based Case Management: A Model for Outcome-Based Research for Non-Institutionalized Elderly

ABSTRACT Medical treatment and research has changed subsequent to a paradigm shift in fiscal management strategies for health care. The demand for greater fiscal and clinical accountability in health care has resulted in more bureaucratic control of physicians, health care providers and health care delivery. Institutional-based care has been deferred to community-based care, and outcomes-based measurement of treatment interventions are becoming the benchmark of effective care. The increase in our elderly population's numbers and longevity of life, combined with fiscal and clinical constraints, invite a potential health care delivery crisis for our noninstitutionalized elderly. Interdisciplinary programs, such as community-based case management, that promote the health and well-being of our noninstitutionalized elderly can be an effective response to this crisis. However, the need for empirical evidence of their effectiveness is essential.
Transplants Enhance Locomotion in Neonatal Kittens Whose Spinal Cords Are Transected: A Behavioral and Anatomical Study

We have studied the locomotor development of kittens that received complete low thoracic spinal cord transections and embryonic spinal cord transplants as newborns. Embryonic spinal cord (E21-E26) transplanted into the site of a transection integrated well with the host spinal cord and promoted the development of overground locomotion. Spinalized kittens with transplants were first distinguished from spinalized kittens during the 2nd and 3rd postnatal weeks when kittens with transplants positioned their hindlimbs underneath their bodies which promoted support of the hindquarters. By postnatal Week 6, kittens with transplants exhibited overground locomotion characterized by full weight support and moderate balance control. By 20 weeks of age, as many as 96% of the step cycles showed full weight support and as few as 2% of the step cycles were interrupted by a fall. Most kittens also showed coordination between the forelimbs and the hindlimbs. They differed from normal in the precocious onset of reflex stepping and in the less precise interlimb coordination and more precarious balance during overground locomotion. The overground locomotor performance of kittens with transplants greatly exceeded that of spinal kittens without transplants since few spinalized kittens showed any full-weight-supported step cycles and none showed coordination between the forelimbs and the hindlimbs. In the absence of a transplant, no fibers could grow across the lesion site. In the presence of a transplant, fibers grew across the lesion site and established anatomical connectivity with the host. Host segmental systems identified by the presence of calcitonin gene-related peptide- and substance P-immunoreactive fibers were found throughout the transplants. Descending host systems of supraspinal origin were identified by serotonin- and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-immunoreactive fibers throughout the transplants. The growth of supraspinal axons into the transplant, and in one case into the caudal host spinal cord, provided a possible anatomical basis for the development of coordinated overground locomotion.
Análisis de Opiniones con Ontologías

En este articulo presentamos un trabajo sobre analisis de opiniones llevado a cabo gracias a un enfoque innovador basado en fusion de ontologias. El objetivo de este trabajo es permitir que dos empresas puedan intercambiar y compartir los resultados de los analisis de las opiniones de sus productos y servicios
Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: good initial steroid response allows early prediction of a favorable treatment outcome.

Among 4,760 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients enrolled from 1986 to 1995 in two subsequent trials of the BFM and AIEOP study group, 61 patients were found to have Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) ALL. These patients were analyzed for presenting features and treatment outcome to identify specific prognostic factors. Treatment stratification was based on initial cell mass and early response as determined by blast count in peripheral blood after a 7-day induction prephase with prednisone and one dose of intrathecal methotrexate on day 1. All patients were treated by similar intensive Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) protocols. The median age of Ph+ patients was 7.5 years, the median white blood cell count (WBC) was 75 x 10(9)/L, 77% of patients had common ALL, and 29% coexpressed myeloid markers. After a median observation time of 4.2 years, 29 of 61 patients are alive (survival probability [pSUR] at 4 years, 0.49; standard error [SE], 0.06), and 24 of 61 are in first complete remission (CR1; probability of event-free survival [pEFS] at 4 years, 0.38; SE, 0.06). Twenty (35%) of 57 evaluable patients had >/=1,000 leukemic blasts per microliter of blood on day 8 of induction (defined as prednisone-poor-response [PPR]). These patients were older (10.0 v 6.88 years; P = .02) and had a higher WBC (144 v 29 x 10(9)/L; P = . 0016) as compared with patients with prednisone good response (PGR; <1,000 blasts/microL at day 8). Only 2 of 20 patients (10%) with PPR remained in CR1 and alive: 6 patients with PPR did not survive after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) due to recurring disease (n = 3) and toxicity (n = 3), and 12 nontransplanted patients died due to progression (n = 5) or relapse (n = 7). In contrast, 26 (70%) of the 37 patients with PGR are alive. Of 18 patients transplanted by allo-BMT, 1 relapsed (now in CR2) and 4 died after BMT. Among the 19 patients with PGR treated by chemotherapy alone, 8 remained in CR1 and 11 relapsed, of which 4 are in CR2 or CR3. The prednisone response emerged as the only independent prognostic factor for survival in Cox regression analysis. Thus, two thirds of Ph+ childhood ALL cases can be identified early by PGR, which, when treated with intensive BFM chemotherapy, with or without BMT, have a significantly lower risk of treatment failure. With a median continuous complete remission (CCR) time of 4.1 years, pEFS for PGR is 0.55 (SE, 0.08) compared with 0.10 (SE, 0.07) in patients with PPR (P = .0001). PGR is also an indicator for treatment responsiveness and durable second remission after relapse, which in turn may provide a second chance for BMT.
A FSS based corner reflector for performance enhancement of a ribcage dipole antenna

A technique for performance enhancement of a ribcage dipole antenna using a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) based corner reflector in the C band (4-6 GHz) has been demonstrated in this paper. The proposed corner reflector is composed of two reflective FSS screens at an angle of 90° and is placed at a specific distance from the antenna. The reflector improves impedance bandwidth of the antenna from 27% to 53%. An improvement of 7-9dB is achieved in antenna gain over the frequency range of interest and it is maintained near 11 dBi with a variation of ±1dB in the C band. The proposed design offers a significant antenna front to back ratio of upto 28 dB.
Neuropathology of paediatric chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and related animal models

Chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIP) in paediatric patients is due to heterogeneous aetiologies that include primary disorders of the enteric nervous system. These conditions are poorly delineated by contemporary diagnostic approaches, in part because the complex nature of the enteric nervous system may shelter significant physiological defects behind subtle or quantitative anatomical changes. Until recently, relatively few experimental animal models existed for paediatric CIP. However, the availability of rodent models, particularly novel mutants created in the last few years by genetic manipulations, has brought unprecedented opportunities to investigate molecular, cellular, physiological, and histological details of enteric neuropathology. Information gleaned from studies of these animals is likely to change diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to paediatric CIP and related conditions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High levels of reticulated platelets and thrombopoietin characterize fetal thrombopoiesis

To characterize fetal thrombopoiesis, we determined plasma thrombopoietin (TPO) and glycocalicin levels, platelet counts and reticulated platelets (RP) of fetuses and compared them with the respective values of their mothers. Percutaneous umbilical vein sampling in abnormal pregnancies revealed twofold higher thrombopoietin levels and 20‐fold higher reticulated platelet counts, but lower levels of glycocalicin in fetuses compared with their mothers (P < 0·05). Neither the expression of platelet glycoprotein Ib and IIb on platelets nor the platelet counts were different between mothers and their fetuses. These data indicate enhanced thrombopoiesis and/or increased platelet turnover in fetuses.
Structure and RNA-binding properties of the Type III-A CRISPR-associated protein Csm3

The prokaryotic adaptive immune system is based on the incorporation of genome fragments of invading viral genetic elements into clusters of regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs). The CRISPR loci are transcribed and processed into crRNAs, which are then used to target the invading nucleic acid for degradation. The large family of CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins mediates this interference response. We have characterized Methanopyrus kandleri Csm3, a protein of the type III-A CRISPR-Cas complex. The 2.4 Å resolution crystal structure shows an elaborate four-domain fold organized around a core RRM-like domain. The overall architecture highlights the structural homology to Cas7, the Cas protein that forms the backbone of type I interference complexes. Csm3 binds unstructured RNAs in a sequence non-specific manner, suggesting that it interacts with the variable spacer sequence of the crRNA. The structural and biochemical data provide insights into the similarities and differences in this group of Cas proteins.
Domain specific genetic mosaic system in the Drosophila eye

Genetic mosaic approach is commonly used in the Drosophila eye by completely abolishing or misexpressing a gene within a subset of cells to unravel its role during development. Classical genetic mosaic approach involves random clone generation in all developing fields. Consequently, a large sample size needs to be screened to generate and analyze clones in specific domains of the developing eye. To address domain specific functions of genes during axial patterning, we have developed a system for generating mosaic clones by combining Gal4/UAS and flippase (FLP)/FRT system which will allow generation of loss‐of‐function as well as gain‐of‐function clones on the dorsal and ventral eye margins. We used the bifid‐Gal4 driver to drive expression of UAS‐FLP. This reagent can have multiple applications in (i) studying spatio‐temporal function of a gene during dorso‐ventral (DV) axis specification in the eye, (ii) analyzing genetic epistasis of genes involved in DV patterning, and (iii) conducting genome wide screens in a domain specific manner. genesis 51:68–74, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Observations on the morphogenesis and histochemistry of the bovine pre‐attachment placenta between 16 and 33 days of gestation

Recent morphological investigations of the bovine placenta have emphasized the development and structure of the placentome in an effort to resolve the continuing controversy over whether the structure should be considered to be of the epithelio-chorial or syndesmo-chorial type. Considerable interest has centered about the nature and origin of the cryptal epithelium and the significance of the giant cells characteristic of the ruminant chorion. Other rcccnt studies have been devoted to a critical examination of the mode and time of attachment of the conceptus to the uterine surface. Conspicuously absent from the literature has been any detailed investigation of the developmental morphology of the preplacentation placenta covering the extended and significant period of the free-living blastocyst. Such a study is obviously vital to an understanding of the true nature of the maturc placental harrier. Moreover, accumulated evidence for the high incidence of cmbryonic death during the period between 16 and 33 days of gestation underscores the need for a clearer understanding of blastocyst-uterine relationships and the role of the rapidly growing trophoblast in embryo survival.
Scattering of TE Waves by Cavity-Backed Slots

A rigorous solution of the problem of a TE wave scattering by a finite number of slots in a PEC plane backed by resonant cavities is given. The scattering problem formulated in terms of system of singular integral equations has been solved by the method of analytical regularization. Application of the regularization procedure allowed obtaining an accurate and numerically efficient solution at resonant and non-resonant frequencies
Speech patterns following partial glossectomy for small tumors of the tongue

To determine the type and extent of speech impairment to be expected following partial glossectomy, pre‐ and postoperative speech evaluations were performed on 10 patients undergoing surgery for carcinomas of the mobile tongue less than 3 cm in size. In addition, audiotapes of standardized speech samples were made at each evaluation. Preoperative speech evaluation revealed normal rates of verbal diadochokinesis without distortion in all 10 patients. Phonologic analysis was also normal in 9 of these patients. Postoperative evaluation revealed normal rates of verbal diadochokinesis in 6 patients and mild lingual distortion in 4. At 3 weeks postoperatively 1 patient had sibilant distortion and 1 patient overall slurring of speech. Evaluation of both of these patients at 6 months revealed that speech had returned to normal. Blinded comparison of the pre‐ and postoperative audiotapes revealed no change in 8 patients. In 2 patients the early postoperative tape was thought to “sound different” but the final postoperative tapes in all patients were judged to be normal. This study demonstrates that partial glossectomy for early carcinomas of the tongue can be performed with minimal, if any, permanent speech impairment.