Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The fatty acid composition and intramolecular structure of triglycerides derived from different sites in the body of the sheep.

Triglycerides were isolated from a number of different tissues obtained from six adult sheep; the tissues including internal fat depots (perinephric and mesenteric), subcutaneous fat depots (rump and chest) and the subcutaneous region of the metatarsal part of the hind limbs and of the pinnae of the ears. The fatty acid composition of these triglycerides was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and the intramolecular distribution of the acids was studied using pancreatic lipase to remove selectively the fatty acids esterified to the primary alcoholic groups (1- and 3-positions) of the glycerol molecules. Unsaturated fatty acids of the trans configuration were estimated by infra-red absorption analysis. In confirmation of earlier, less detailed, studies it was found that the triglycerides of the internal tissues contained a much higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (particularly stearic acid) than did those of the external tissues. In the most exposed tissues (legs, ears) oleic acid accounted for as much as 60-70% of the total fatty acids present. Trans fatty acid (almost entirely C18 mono-unsaturated) was, like stearic acid, found in greatest concentration in the internal tissue triglycerides. Regardless of their location in the body all the triglycerides examined showed a similar pattern of intramolecular distribution of their major component acids; saturated acids (palmitic acid and stearic acid) were for the most part esterified in the 1- and 3-positions, and oleic acid was found predominantly esterified in the 2-position. Trans unsaturated acid, when present, showed a similar degree of preferential esterification in the 1- and 3-positions to that observed for stearic acid. It was tentatively concluded that long-chain fatty acids absorbed from the intestine influence primarily the composition of the triglycerides of internal adipose tissue.
Antiallergic Effects of Probiotic Lactobacilli - Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

The continued increase in prevalence of allergic rhinitis particularly in developed countries is a matter of public health concern. Allergic rhinitis is characterized by an elevation in serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, which is caused by an imbalance in the expression of T helper cells (Th1-) and Th2-cytokines. Several studies have shown certain lactobacilli bacteria possess antiallergic properties; however the effect is strain and dose-dependent. The suggested mechanisms for the antiallergic effects include improvement of the T helper cells (Th) 1/Th2 immunobalance by inducing the Th1 cytokines and suppressing Th2-skewed immuno-response. Besides, lactobacilli can stimulate the regulatory T cells, which are vital in the maintenance of the immune balance through the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. Some lactobacilli have demonstrated the potential to modulate serum IgE, IgA and IgG production. However, the molecular mechanism for the immunoregulatory effect of probiotic lactobacilli is yet to be fully elucidated. This review highlights the novel opportunities for utilizing probiotics towards prevention or management of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and mainly focuses on the potential cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the antiallergic effect of probiotic lactobacilli.
Uncovering a Microbial Enigma: Isolation and Characterization of the Streamer-Generating, Iron-Oxidizing, Acidophilic Bacterium “Ferrovum myxofaciens”

ABSTRACT A betaproteobacterium, shown by molecular techniques to have widespread global distribution in extremely acidic (pH 2 to 4) ferruginous mine waters and also to be a major component of “acid streamer” growths in mine-impacted water bodies, has proven to be recalcitrant to enrichment and isolation. A modified “overlay” solid medium was devised and used to isolate this bacterium from a number of mine water samples. The physiological and phylogenetic characteristics of a pure culture of an isolate from an abandoned copper mine (“Ferrovum myxofaciens” strain P3G) have been elucidated. “F. myxofaciens” is an extremely acidophilic, psychrotolerant obligate autotroph that appears to use only ferrous iron as an electron donor and oxygen as an electron acceptor. It appears to use the Calvin-Benson-Bassham pathway to fix CO2 and is diazotrophic. It also produces copious amounts of extracellular polymeric materials that cause cells to attach to each other (and to form small streamer-like growth in vitro) and to different solid surfaces. “F. myxofaciens” can catalyze the oxidative dissolution of pyrite and, like many other acidophiles, is tolerant of many (cationic) transition metals. “F. myxofaciens” and related clone sequences form a monophyletic group within the Betaproteobacteria distantly related to classified orders, with genera of the family Nitrosomonadaceae (lithoautotrophic, ammonium-oxidizing neutrophiles) as the closest relatives. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic differences of “F. myxofaciens” and other Betaproteobacteria, a new family, “Ferrovaceae,” and order, “Ferrovales,” within the class Betaproteobacteria are proposed. “F. myxofaciens” is the first extreme acidophile to be described in the class Betaproteobacteria.
Shared mental models of integrated care: aligning multiple stakeholder perspectives.

PURPOSE Health service organizations and professionals are under increasing pressure to work together to deliver integrated patient care. A common understanding of integration strategies may facilitate the delivery of integrated care across inter-organizational and inter-professional boundaries. This paper aims to build a framework for exploring and potentially aligning multiple stakeholder perspectives of systems integration. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The authors draw from the literature on shared mental models, strategic management and change, framing, stakeholder management, and systems theory to develop a new construct, Mental Models of Integrated Care (MMIC), which consists of three types of mental models, i.e. integration-task, system-role, and integration-belief. FINDINGS The MMIC construct encompasses many of the known barriers and enablers to integrating care while also providing a comprehensive, theory-based framework of psychological factors that may influence inter-organizational and inter-professional relations. While the existing literature on integration focuses on optimizing structures and processes, the MMIC construct emphasizes the convergence and divergence of stakeholders' knowledge and beliefs, and how these underlying cognitions influence interactions (or lack thereof) across the continuum of care. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS MMIC may help to: explain what differentiates effective from ineffective integration initiatives; determine system readiness to integrate; diagnose integration problems; and develop interventions for enhancing integrative processes and ultimately the delivery of integrated care. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Global interest and ongoing challenges in integrating care underline the need for research on the mental models that characterize the behaviors of actors within health systems; the proposed framework offers a starting point for applying a cognitive perspective to health systems integration.
The Capital Investment Increases and Stock Returns

This paper applies free cash flow and information asymmetry hypotheses to investigate whether managers pursuit their private benefits by using capital investment expenditure (hereafter CI) increases or not, and to explore whether managers decrease CI as more dividend payments under information asymmetry hypothesis. Consequently, the present study investigates the effect of CI increases on abnormal stock returns of Taiwanese listed firms. The empirical results show that during full period and the post financial tsunami period, the effects of an increase in CI on stocks returns are positive, and the CI-spread is negative. This supports the hypothesis of information asymmetry. However, in the electronics industry during the entire study period and the post financial tsunami period, the expenditure of low CI tends to support free cash flow hypothesis but that of high CI supports the hypothesis of information asymmetry.
Augmentation of anti-HLA-E antibodies with concomitant HLA-Ia reactivity in IFNγ-treated autologous melanoma cell vaccine recipients*

HLA-E expressed on the surface of melanoma cells and shed into circulation are known to inhibit killing of tumor cells by binding to CD94/NKGA2 receptors on cytotoxic T- and NKT cells. Interferon (IFN)-γ is known to promote HLA-E over-expression on the cell surface and shedding. The shed HLA-E heavy chain may expose cryptic epitopes to elicit antibodies (Abs). The anti-HLA-E Abs may bind to shed HLA-E or to the tumor cell surface to block its interaction with CTL/NKT cells. This is the basis for a melanoma cell vaccine that will generate anti-HLA-E Abs. The objective of this study was to characterize the antibody response and characterize the cross-reactivity of the antibodies produced in melanoma patients immunized with autologous melanoma cells treated with IFNγ. Anti-HLA-E murine mAbs and serum anti-HLA-E Abs in healthy individuals were known to react with HLA-Ia alleles, which is attributed to the presence of peptide sequences shared between HLA-E and HLA-Ia. Therefore, pre- and post-immune (weeks 4 and 24) serum Abs reacting to both HLA-E and HLA-Ia alleles were measured by multiplex Luminex®-based immunoassay. To ascertain whether the reactivity of the serum Abs to HLA-Ia was due to anti-HLA-E Abs, the shared-peptides were used to inhibit anti-HLA-E and HLA-Ia reactivities. The level of anti-HLA-E IgG in sera has increased post-immunization from its pre-immune level. Concomitantly, the HLA-Ia reactivity of the sera was also augmented. The reactivity of both anti-HLA-E Abs and HLA-Ia were inhibited by the shared-peptides. The HLA-Ia reactivity of the anti-HLA-E Abs in patients’ sera is similar to the HLA-Ia reactivity of the anti-HLA-E mAbs and anti-HLA-E Abs in normal sera. The results establish the immunogenicity of HLA-E and also ascertain that the HLA-Ia reactivity of the anti-HLA-E Abs is due to shared-peptide epitopes.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant potential of White and Pink Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn Flowers

The recent interest on alternative medicine has taken up great dimensions in changing the health care scenario across the globe. The worldwide interest in medicinal plants reflects recognition of the validity of studying the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Hence the present study was carried out to explore antibacterial and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of both white and pink flowers of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (Nelumbonaceae) flower in vitro. The antibacterial activity was screened against different bacterial strains by detecting zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The zone of inhibition and MIC values were compared with control compared with standard antibiotic disc suggesting their potential as alternatives to orthodox antibiotics in the treatment of infectious caused by these microorganisms. Total antioxidant potential was evaluated in hydroethanolic extract of white Nelumbo nucifera (HEWNN) flower and hydroethanolic extract of pink Nelumbo nucifera (HEPNN) flower by: Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Hemoglobin glycosylation,Reducing power and Phosphomolybdenum and compared with the standard ascorbic acid in dose dependent manner. Both HEWNN and HEPNN flower extracts showed maximum activity 16.53 mg and 14.21 mg at 1000μg/ml concentration in FRAP assay. Significantly high antioxidant activity (55.5% & 41.6%) was noticed in haemoglobin glycosylation followed reducing power (0.52 & 0.45 Abs). The results suggest that alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids in flowers provide considerable antioxidant activity. However, in comparison with HEPNN flower, HEWNN flower extract exerted effective antibacterial and potent antioxidant activity which can be used as a lead compound for drug development in the future.
A health‐related quality of life questionnaire for multiple sclerosis Patients

Objective ‐ The construction of a brief, valid and reliable HRQoL questionnaire for use in multiple sclerosis patients based on generic and disease‐specific HRQoL measures. Material and methods ‐ The Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36), COOP/WONCA Charts, and Disability & Impact Profile (DIP) were used in a longitudinal study in 162 patients with multiple sclerosis. Results ‐ Factor analyses identified 2 underlying dimensions of HRQoL, relating to “physical functioning” and “psychological functioning”. Selection of the 3 highest loading reliable scales on each factor resulted in a final questionnaire consisting of 3 scales of the SF‐36 and 3 scales of the DIP. In total 40 items were selected; completion time is about 10 min. Conclusion ‐ The final questionnaire adequately measured 2 dimensions of HRQoL. The length of the questionnaire is acceptable for patients with MS in view of respondent burden.
Scaling Analysis of High Gain Monolayer MoS2 Photodetector for Its Performance Optimization

Monolayer MoS2 photodetectors are modeled and simulated by self-consistently solving diffusive transport equations in the presence of light illumination and carrier recombination with the 2-D Poisson equation. The simulated results indicate that very high photoresponsivity (PR) of ~1000 A/W observed in others' experiments is due to strong electrostatic effect of pile up of optically generated holes, and efficient optical absorption. It is found that the value of PR is sensitive to gate bias voltage, and the photodetector performance can be improved by decreasing hole mobility if side effects of low hole mobility, such as high recombination rate, slow response speed, and more noise, are suppressed. High quality monolayer MoS2 with large electron mobility and less Shockley-Read-Hall recombination defects is desired for achieving high performance. The PR increases as the gate insulator thickness increases. The channel length needs to be carefully designed by considering the carrier recombination behavior in monolayer MoS2. The optimization method of monolayer MoS2 photodetectors proposed here is also applicable to other monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide materials in general.
Long-horned Ceratopsidae from the Foremost Formation (Campanian) of southern Alberta

The horned Ceratopsidae represent one of the last radiations of dinosaurs, and despite a decade of intense work greatly adding to our understanding of this diversification, their early evolution is still poorly known. Here, two postorbital horncores from the upper Foremost Formation (Campanian) of Alberta are described, and at ∼78.5 Ma represent some of the geologically oldest ceratopsid material. The larger of these specimens is incorporated into a fused supraorbital complex, and preserves a massive, straight, postorbital horncore that is vertical in lateral view, but canted dorsolaterally in rostral view. Medially, the supracranial sinus is composed of a small, restricted caudal chamber, and a large rostral chamber that forms the cornual diverticulum. This morphology is distinct from that of the long-horned Chasmosaurinae, and similar to, but still different from, those of younger Centrosaurinae taxa. The smaller specimen represents an ontogenetically younger individual, and although showing consistent morphology to the larger specimen, is less taxonomically useful. Although not certain, these postorbital horns may be referable to a long-horned basal (i.e., early-branching, non-pachyrhinosaurini, non-centrosaurini) centrosaurine, potentially the contemporaneous Xenoceratops, largely known from the parietosquamosal frill. These specimens indicate the morphology of the supracranial sinus in early, long-horned members of the Ceratopsidae, and add to our understanding of the evolution of the cranial display structures in this iconic dinosaur clade.
Predicting gene expression levels from codon biases in α-proteobacterial genomes

Predicted highly expressed (PHX) genes in five currently available high G+C complete α-proteobacterial genomes are analyzed. These include: the nitrogen-fixing plant symbionts Sinorhizobium meliloti (SINME) and Mesorhizobium loti (MESLO), the nonpathogenic aquatic bacterium Caulobacter crescentus (CAUCR), the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens (AGRTU), and the mammalian pathogen Brucella melitensis (BRUME). Three of these genomes, SINME, AGRTU, and BRUME, contain multiple chromosomes or megaplasmids (>1 Mb length). PHX genes in these genomes are concentrated mainly in the major (largest) chromosome with few PHX genes found in the secondary chromosomes and megaplasmids. Tricarboxylic acid cycle and aerobic respiration genes are strongly PHX in all five genomes, whereas anaerobic pathways of glycolysis and fermentation are mostly not PHX. Only in MESLO (but not SINME) and BRUME are most glycolysis genes PHX. Many flagellar genes are PHX in MESLO and CAUCR, but mostly are not PHX in SINME and AGRTU. The nonmotile BRUME also carries many flagellar genes but these are generally not PHX and all but one are located in the second chromosome. CAUCR stands out among available prokaryotic genomes with 25 PHX TonB-dependent receptors. These are putatively involved in uptake of iron ions and other nonsoluble compounds.
Effect of HEMADO on Level of CK-MB and LDH Enzymes after Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Rat Heart.

INTRODUCTION Ischemia/Reperfusion (IR) injury mainly causes the increase of enzymes involved in myocytes injury including CK-MB (creatine kinase-MB) isoenzyme and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase). Leakage of CK-MB isoenzyme and LDH from myocardial tissues to blood is indicator of acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of HEMADO on IR injury and its relationship with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) in rat heart. METHODS Twenty eight male Wistar rats (250-300g) were divided into four groups (seven members in each group): control (without ischemia), I/R (with ischemia+without HEMADO), ischemia received HEMADO (HEMADO), ischemia received HEMADO and 5-HD (5-hydroxydecanoate, specific mitoKATP channel blocker) (HEMADO+5-HD). The animals were anesthetized and the hearts were quickly removed and mounted on Langendorff apparatus and perfused by Krebs-Henseleit solution under constant pressure and temperature of 37ºC. After 20 minutes of stabilization, ischemic groups were exposed to 40 minutes of global ischemia and consecutive 90 minutes of reperfusion. RESULTS IR injury increased the level of LDH and CK-MB in the collected coronary flow during 5 minutes since start of reperfusion. HEMADO reduced the enzymes' levels and using 5-HD abolished the effect of HEMADO. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that HEMADO could protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by decreasing the CK-MB and LDH levels. The cardioprotective effect of HEMADO may be mediated in part by mitoKATP.
Speci ® c interactions of distamycin with G-quadruplex DNA

Distamycin binds the minor groove of duplex DNA at AT-rich regions and has been a valuable probe of protein interactions with double-stranded DNA. We ®nd that distamycin can also inhibit protein interactions with G-quadruplex (G4) DNA, a stable fourstranded structure in which the repeating unit is a G-quartet. Using NMR, we show that distamycin binds speci®cally to G4 DNA, stacking on the terminal G-quartets and contacting the ̄anking bases. These results demonstrate the utility of distamycin as a probe of G4 DNA±protein interactions and show that there are (at least) two distinct modes of protein±G4 DNA recognition which can be distinguished by sensitivity to distamycin.
Two-Dimensional Luneburg Lens RCS Augmentation using MMIC Reflection Amplifier

A 2D planar Luneburg lens cooperating with a MMIC reflection amplifier for radar cross-section (RCS) enhancement is reported. The lens will operate in TEM mode in K band. A K band MMIC reflection amplifier when attached with lens feed, produces an additional measured reflection gain of 10 dB at 19.6 GHz, above that which can be obtained from an equivalent passive Luneburg lens reflector. Additionally this system demonstrates that the reflected signal can be amplitude modulated through the amplifier bias variation. This new system shows that the reflection amplifier terminated Luneburg lens reflector can act as a simple means for realising active RCS augmentation.
Suffering and distress at the end‐of‐life

Suffering frequently occurs in the context of chronic and progressive medical illnesses and emerges with great intensity at end‐of‐life. A review of the literature on suffering and distress‐related factors was conducted to illustrate the integrative nature of suffering in this context. We hope it will result in a comprehensive approach, centered in the patient‐family unit, which will alleviate or eliminate unnecessary suffering and provide well‐being, when possible.
Factor XI: A Review of Its Biochemistry and Deficiency

The biochemistry and physiology of Factor XI have been reviewed. The clinical history of our 25 patients was reviewed and compared with others' experiences. Factor XI deficiency remains enigmatic in that there is no correlation between Factor XI levels and clinical manifestations. Approximately 40 to 50% of all persons lacking Factor XI are of Ashkenazi Jewish extraction, and the remainder are represented by nearly all populations. Persons may be found to lack Factor XI because of evaluation for hemorrhage, evaluation of a prolonged PTT, or through family or other genetic studies. Hemorrhage is not as severe as in patients with hemophilia A or B. Data are presented suggesting that hemorrhage may, in part, be associated with aspirin use.
PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA PARA MAPEAMENTO DE ÁREAS DE RISCO A INUNDAÇÃO: ESTUDO DE CASO DO MUNICÍPIO DE RIO NEGRINHO - SC Methodological proposal for mapping flood risk areas: case study of Rio Negrinho city - SC

Inundacoes sao fenomenos naturais que afetam a vida da humanidade desde a antiguidade. Entre todos os tipos de desastres naturais, as inundacoes sao os que impactam o maior numero de pessoas, deixando centenas de milhares de desabrigados todos os anos. Dentre as medidas mitigadoras relacionadas as inundacoes, destaca-se o mapeamento de areas de risco pelo seu baixo custo e alta aplicabilidade. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo propor e aplicar uma nova metodologia para mapeamento de areas de risco a inundacao. A area de estudo abrange o municipio de Rio Negrinho, SC, devido ao seu historico extenso de eventos de inundacoes. A mensuracao de risco, de maneira geral, compreende a analise da vulnerabilidade e do perigo. Assim, tendo como unidade territorial o setor censitario, foi elaborado um Indice de Vulnerabilidade atraves do qual os setores foram classificados. Posteriormente, realizou-se a analise do perigo respaldada na legislacao municipal. Com base na relacao vulnerabilidade e perigo foi estimado o risco. Atraves da presente metodologia, determinaram-se quais os setores censitarios possuem maior risco, os quais devem ser alvos de politicas publicas e medidas mitigadoras. Alem disso, atraves do indice de vulnerabilidade pode-se analisar o municipio em relacao as caracteristicas socioeconomicas, determinando as areas prioritarias para investimentos publicos. Ressalta-se que a presente metodologia, devido a seu baixo custo e da realizacao do censo em todo o territorio nacional, pode ser aplicada em qualquer municipio brasileiro.