Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of incident gout in young men with metabolic syndrome: A nationwide population-based cohort study of 3.5 million men

Background To date, few studies have focused on risk factors for gout in young people, and large-scale studies on the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gout are lacking. We aimed to investigate the association between gout and MetS in a large nationwide population-based cohort of young men who participated in national health examination. Materials and methods Cohort included men aged 20–39 years who participated in a health check-up in 2009–2012. A total of 3,569,104 subjects was included in the study, excluding those who had a previous diagnosis of gout or had renal impairment. The outcome was the occurrence of gout, which was defined using the diagnosis code of gout in the claims database. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between MetS and incident gout. Results Mean follow-up duration was 7.35 ± 1.24 years and the incidence rate of gout was 3.36 per 1,000 person-years. The risk of gout in subjects with MetS was 2.4-fold higher than subjects without MetS. Among the components of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and abdominal obesity showed the greatest association with gout. As the number of MetS components increased, the risk of gout increased. The association between gout and MetS was more pronounced in relatively young subjects and in low- or normal-weight subjects. Conclusion Metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for the gout in young men. In particular, the association between MetS and gout was greater in young and non-obese men. Management of MetS in young men will be important for future gout prevention.
IMPACT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY : EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH ’ S BANKING INDUSTRY

Owing to stringent competition, financial industry like banks has exceedingly been focusing on keeping the possession of loyal customers through multifarious factors of customer relationship management (CRM), which has been defined as a set of tactics to manage the interaction between company and its current as well as potential customers. The factors of CRM are numerous, out of which three dimensions of customer relationship management namely technology adoption, trust and complaint handling have entirely been concentrated in this study, on creating loyal customers. The study has been conducted on private and public banks of Bangladesh with a respondent number of 210 to unveil the interdependence among the dimensions as well as their cumulative effect on customer loyalty. For analysis SPSS 16.0 has been used for descriptive analysis and AMOS 16.0 has been employed for measuring the impact of the exogenous variables such as trust, complaint handling and technology adoption as well as on the endogenous variable namely customer loyalty. The study unfolds the significant relationship of all of the three independent variables on the dependant variable, customer loyalty. The implication of the research contributes to the existing theory of CRM by signifying its particular contribution on creating loyalty of customers. Moreover, practitioners can execute the implications of the study to improve their managerial strategies to retain more loyal customer base.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE DETERMINANTS OF QUALITY OF HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY IN KENYA: A Case of Murang’a County Hospital

Good health services are those which deliver effective, safe, quality personal and non-personal interventions to those who need then and where needed, with minimum waste of resources. The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting quality service delivery in the public health sector in Kenya and in specific the Murang’a County Hospital. The target population included doctors, nurses and lab technologists. The researcher used stratified random sampling to select a sample population. Data was collected by use of self-administered questionnaires, key informant interview guides and an observation checklist that were designed and developed by the researcher. The researcher used drop off method and interview schedules for collection of data. The reaction to the study was positive as a response of 80% was achieved. Descriptive analysis involved the use of frequencies in their absolute and relative forms (percentage). Inferential analysis was done to find out if there is any relationship between dependent and the independent variables of the study. The results of the study point to remuneration and training to be of great concern amongst health workers and affecting the level of quality. Health Institutions therefore need to pay attention to the two so as to ensure their employees are enthusiastic on delivering quality services. The study recommends for regular reviews of job satisfaction in the health sector to find out areas that need to be addressed so as to improve the quality and input of employees for institutions in the sector.
Including Trans Women Athletes in Competitive Sport: Analyzing the Science, Law, and Principles and Policies of Fairness in Competition

In this paper, we examine the scientific, legal, and ethical foundations for inclusion of transgender women athletes in competitive sport, drawing on IOC principles and relevant Court of Arbitration for Sport decisions. We argue that the inclusion of trans athletes in competition commensurate with their legal gender is the most consistent position with these principles of fair and equitable sport. Biological restrictions, such as endogenous testosterone limits, are not consistent with IOC and CAS principles. We explore the implications for recognizing that endogenous testosterone values are a ‘natural physical trait’ and that excluding legally recognized women for high endogenous testosterone values constitutes discrimination on the basis of a natural physical trait. We suggest that the justificatory burden for such prima facie discrimination is unlikely to be met. Thus, in place of a limit on endogenous testosterone for women (whether cisgender, transgender, or intersex), we argue that ‘legally recognized gender’ is most fully in line with IOC and CAS principles. 1. THE LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OF INTERNATIONAL SPORT Rare is the activity and associated body of law that ultimately falls under the jurisdiction of one and only one body the world over. However, most
PROTOZOOLOGICA New Primers for Fast Detection of Giardia duodenalis Assemblages A and B Using Real-time PCR

Giardia duodenalis is one of the six Giardia species and it is the most common, cosmopolitan flagellate that infects humans and many species of animals. This species exhibits considerable genetic diversity; to date, eight assemblages (A–H) have been defined. These assemblages differ in host specificity: assemblages A and B have been found in both humans and in many animal species. Mixed infections with Giardia (A and B) assemblages have been reported in humans and in animals. Many molecular techniques are effective and rapid for the detection of G. duodenalis and also for the determination of genetic variability of isolates in clinical and environmental samples. In this context, the aim of this study was to design new assemblage-specific primers for rapid detection and identification of G. duodenalis assemblages A and B and both of these assemblages simultaneously using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Fragments of glutamate dehydrogenase and triose phosphate isomerase were used as targets in the design of primers. In conclusion, the use of G. duodenalis assemblage-specific primers designed in this study allows quick identification of human infectious G. duodenalis assemblages A and B as well as mixed AB assemblages in a sample without further sequencing of the amplification products, which reduces the cost of study and the waiting time for the results.
SECURE SHARING OF DATA IN PRIVATE CLOUD BY RSA – OAEP ALGORITHM

Cloud computing includes the owners of data who can save and store data on the cloud and utilize the several services and applications and cloud services received from a pool of shared computing resources. Generally speaking, a private cloud is different for a different organization. It can be managed and controlled internally and also externally through a third-party auditor. Data outsourcing and computational services are vital features of a private cloud. Data outsourcing involves the owner having no physical control over the data which involves having no storage of data and this could affect security. Computational services involving outsourcing eliminates the correctness of the data as the data is encrypted before being stored in the cloud. Various encryption techniques could be adopted before the outsourcing of data, yet there could be some privacy issues that occur during outsourcing. Hence, to provide solutions to the above security issues involving data and computational outsourcing, we implement a new concept of generating padding bits to secure the data more.
The Elasticity of Science Online Appendix

The application process generates groups of applications in three dimensions, which following Azoulay et al. (2019b), I refer to as Disease (per the Institute the application is submitted to for funding, i.e., National Cancer Institute), Science (per the peer review group charged with evaluating the quality of the application, i.e., Bacterial Pathogenesis) and Time (per the fiscal year the application is submitted). Applications are peer reviewed per their ScienceTime group and compete for funding per their Disease-Time group. These Disease-ScienceTime (D-S-T) groupings are used to construct counterfactuals in the analysis of Section 4. Importantly, there are no explicit restrictions on the types of science that may be submitted to these competitions, so long as it fits within the NIH’s broad objectives. “The NIH’s mission is to uncover new knowledge that will lead to better health for everyone. Simply described, the goal of NIH research is to acquire new knowledge to help prevent, detect, diagnose, and treat disease and disability. ”1
Americas Conference on Information Systems ( AMCIS ) 2000 Trust , Expertise , and E-Commerce Intermediary Adoption

This research investigates how the amount of trust a consumer has in an electronic commerce intermediary and the amount of expertise that consumer needs to acquire in order to be able to use the intermediary affect the intention to adopt the electronic commerce intermediary. The paper analyzes both the direct effects of trust and expertise on adoption intention, as well as the indirect effects through two mediating variables widely used in adoption studies, usefulness and ease of use. These effects are hypothesized to be further moderated by the level of transaction complexity. The results partially support both the direct effects model and the indirect effects model, pointing out that trust and expertise are, as hypothesized by academicians and practitioners alike, important in encouraging adoption of electronic commerce technologies. In addition, the results show that trust and expertise become more important in determining the adoption intention as transaction complexity increases.
A STUDY ON INNOVATION STRATEIES IN UPSCALE HOTELS : CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PLANS

The objective of this research was to evaluate the implementation level of innovation strategies in Egyptian upscale hotels according to the different building blocks that constitute an innovation strategy, namely; creativity and idea generation, customer focus, innovation climate, innovation culture, innovation methodology and management mandate. Furthermore, the research endeavoured to study the variance among hotels regarding the implementation of innovation strategy building blocks, and to develop a comprehensive innovation strategy action plan for these hotels based on the current situation. The population of the research consisted of all five-star hotels in Egypt, representing 156 hotels. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to a sample of about 30% of the population. Findings of the research revealed a high level of implementation for most innovation strategy building blocks among hotel managers. The research presented important recommendations for the hotel industry practitioners and the future research. It ended up by presenting some guidelines for a comprehensive innovation strategy implementation and improvement.
Aligning the IndoWordNet with the Princeton WordNet

The IndoWordNet is an Indian language lexical resource. The project started with Hindi WordNet, which was manually built from various resources with the preference for culture-speciﬁc synsets. Other languages were added later. The development approach used in In-doWordNet is very similar to that used in Princeton WordNet (PWN). PWN is a semantic network where English synsets are nodes, and semantic relations are edges connecting them. Due to the popularity of PWN, In-doWordNet also connected Hindi and English languages through direct (synonymy) and hy-pernymy linkages between their synsets. Due to the diversity of the languages, these linkages generate three types of mappings between IndoWordNet and PWN which generate the misalignment. This paper proposes to align the IndoWordNet with PWN using a large scale lexical-semantic resource called Universal Knowledge Core (UKC), which forms a semantic network where nodes are language-independent concepts. In the UKC semantic relations connect concepts and not synsets.
Multi Component Adsorption of Toluene , Ethyl Benzene and Meta-Xylene by Batch Adsorption Technique Using Natural and Acid Treated-Modified Sodium Bentonite

Sodium bentonite was treated with phosphoric acid and was further modified using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTAB). The acid treated modified sodium bentonite and natural sodium bentonite were both used for the multi component adsorption of toluene, ethyl benzene and metaxylene from their aqueous solution. The FT-IR analysis result revealed the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTAB) in the modified sodium bentonite. Foster swelling test result showed that only the acid treated modified sodium bentonite swelled in the petrochemical solvents and the order of the swelling factor is given as; metaxylene > ethyl benzene > toluene. The result of the batch adsorption technique showed that the percentage removal of toluene and ethyl benzene using acid treated modified sodium bentonite increased from 65.64% to 91.55% and from 74.33% to 95.30% as contact time increased from 30 minutes to 150 minutes, while the percentage removal of meta -xylene increased from 81.53% to 99.56%. The multi component adsorption of metaxylene, ethyl benzene and toluene is best described using pseudosecondorder kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model because the data obtained are best fitted with pseudosecondorder kinetics and Freundlich isotherm.
Analysis of nutrient resorption efficiency and homeostasis of four tree species in Kanas natural forest, Xinjiang, China

To explore the differences in stoichiometric homeostasis and resorption efficiency of nitrogen (NRE) and phosphorus (PRE) of tree species in Kanas natural forest. We selected four primary tree species: Larix sibirica (LS), Picea obovata (PO), Pinus sibirica (PS), and Betula pendula (BP) and measured concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in fresh leaves, leaf litters, and soil. Our findings showed that compared to deciduous species (LS, BP), evergreen species (PO, PS) had higher fresh leaf C concentrations and C: N ratios. As opposed to evergreen plants, deciduous species have higher levels of fresh leaf N concentration, while the P concentration and C: P did not exhibit such a pattern. Mass-based NRE and PRE averaged 52.55 and 49.16%, respectively, with a significant difference among life forms in NRE but no varied in PRE. NRE increased with N concentration in fresh leaves of BP, PO, and LS, NRE decreased with N concentration in leaf litters of all species; PRE increased with P concentration in fresh leaves of all species, PRE decreased with P concentration in leaf litters of LS, PO, and PS. Only NRE of BP and PS and PRE of PS showed significant relationship with soil N and P concentrations, respectively. Neither NRE nor PRE was insignificantly related to mean annual temperature (MAT) for all species. The N concentration of all species showed strict homeostasis corresponding to their being limited by the N element. Only the P concentration of PS and PO and N: P ratio of PS varied with corresponding traits in soil. Overall, our results provide insight into the N and P nutrient use characteristics of tree species in the Kanas natural forest and can provide a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration.
One-year recurrence of stroke and death in Lebanese survivors of first-ever stroke: Time-to-Event analysis

Background To date, despite the application of secondary prevention worldwide, first-ever stroke survivors remain at imminent risk of stroke recurrence and death in the short and long term. The present study aimed to assess the cumulative risk rates and identify baseline differences and stroke characteristics of Lebanese survivors. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among survivors ≥18 years old who were followed-up for 15 months through a face-to-face interview. Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative rates of stroke mortality and recurrence. Cox-regression univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the predictors of both outcomes. Results Among 150 subjects (mean age 74 ± 12 years; 58.7% men vs. 44.3% women; 95.3% with ischemic stroke vs. 4.3% with intracerebral hemorrhage), high cumulative risk rates of stroke recurrence (25%) and death (21%) were highlighted, especially in the acute phase. Survival rates were lesser in patients with stroke recurrence compared to those without recurrence (Log rank test p < 0.001). Older age was the main predictor for both outcomes (p < 0.02). Large artery atherosclerosis was predominant in patients with stroke recurrence and death compared to small vessel occlusion (p < 0.02). Higher mental component summary scores of quality of life were inversely associated with stroke recurrence (p < 0.01). Lebanese survivors exhibited the highest percentages of depression and anxiety; elevated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores were seen in those with stroke recurrence and those who died (≥80% with mean HADS scores ≥8). Lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores at the acute phase increased the risk of both outcomes by 10% (p < 0.03). Three out of 13 mortalities (23.1%) were presented with early epileptic seizures (p = 0.012). High educational level was the protective factor against stroke recurrence (p = 0.019). Administration of intravenous thrombolysis decreased the risk of both outcomes by 10% (p > 0.05). Conclusion Higher rates of stroke recurrence and death were observed in the first year following a stroke in Lebanon. Various factors were identified as significant determinants. Thus, health care providers and officials in Lebanon can use these findings to implement effective preventive strategies to best address the management of these factors to reduce the stroke burden and improve the short and long-term prognosis of stroke survivors.
A 5/2-Approximation Algorithm for Coloring Rooted Subtrees of a Degree 3 Tree

A rooted tree $\vec{R}$ is a rooted subtree of a tree $T$ if the tree obtained by replacing the directed edges of $\vec{R}$ by undirected edges is a subtree of $T$. We study the problem of assigning minimum number of colors to a given set of rooted subtrees $\mathcal{R}$ of a given tree $T$ such that if any two rooted subtrees share a directed edge, then they are assigned different colors. The problem is NP hard even in the case when the degree of $T$ is restricted to $3$. We present a $\frac{5}{2}$-approximation algorithm for this problem. The motivation for studying this problem stems from the problem of assigning wavelengths to multicast traffic requests in all-optical WDM tree networks.
The EU work mobility – an old challenge for national trade unions : The Austrian trade unions ’ position towards the EU cross border labor workers

Mobility of workers is one of the fundamental principles of the EU. It is strongly promoted both on the national and regional levels and is seen as one of the ways to increase flexibility and competitiveness of the EU market. Although EU citizens working in another EU member state are entitled to rights similar to national workers, often their general working conditions as well as working environment differ. Among institutions, which represent workers and defend their rights on personal, industrial and cross-national levels, are trade unions. Trade unions across the EU have adopted different attitudes towards the EU workers: some have openly invited them to join, while others have actively advocated to impose restrictions on their movement. The issue of inclusion or exclusion of the non-standard employees (such as migrants) into trade unions has been vividly discussed both by academia and trade unions. This paper presents data on the Austrian trade union (ÖGB) and its seven affiliated unions; in particular its agenda and policy towards EU workers after the 2004 EU enlargement. This case is of significant interest for several reasons. First, the Austrian trade union has a rich history in favoring national workers. Second, in the last decade it experienced losses of members. And third, the share of EU workers in the Austrian labor market increased over the last decade, composing almost 5% of all working force in the country. In a broader context one may see similar developments in other EU countries where the share of EU nationals employed in the labor markets is increasing and the trade unions are experiencing tremendous losses of members. Moreover, the data shed light on an interesting empirical and theoretical issue regarding the servicing model unions (such as ÖGB) as they face the challenge to balance between providing services to the existing members and the potential union members, who are EU workers. The findings indicate that ÖGB still implies a restrictive approach toward EU workers. During the last decade, the union has supported policies which protect native workers and acted in favor of transitional periods for the EU 12 workers. However, considering the loss