Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASp, 7-10 | 2012

Information structure can be invoked to explain the choice of voice in the scientific research article. However, manipulation of information structure can give rise to clause forms other than simple active/passive structures. The main candidates are cleft and pseudo-cleft sentences, inversion, extraposition and existential sentences. Study of a corpus shows that while the first three seem insignificant in the research article, cases of extraposition and existential sentences account for a significant minority of examples. This fact must be taken into account by nonanglophone scientists required to write in English. On peut utiliser le concept de la structure informationnelle afin d’expliquer les choix de voix dans l’article de recherche scientifique. Cependant, le maniement de la structure informationnelle peut donner des formes phrastiques autres que les simples structures active ou passive. Les candidats principaux sont les propositions clivées et pseudo-clivées, l’inversion, l’extraposition, et les phrases existentielles. L’étude d’un corpus révèle que les trois premiers semblent de moindre importance dans l’article de recherche, tandis que les exemples d’extraposition et de phrases existentielles constituent une minorité significative. Cette donnée doit être prise en compte par les scientifiques non anglophones appelés à rédiger en anglais.
Mechanism of the lack of a beneficial response to inotropic drugs in hemorrhagic shock

Lanatoside C, glucagon, and isoproterenol, three inotropic agents were found to be ineffective in prolonging survival or in improving the over‐all circulatory status of dogs in hemorrhagic shock, despite their temporary effectiveness as inotropic agents. Lanatoside C constricted the splanchnic circulation leading to lysosomal disruption, release of cathepsin D, and production of a myocardial depressant factor (MDF). Glucagon dilated the splanchnic circulation only transiently but directly disrupted splanchnic lysosomes and thus MDF was produced. Isoproterenol dilated the peripheral vasculature to such an extent that circulatory collapse ensued. Other inotropic agents may be of value in the treatment of postoligemic shock, but potentially deleterious side effects must be considered when they are administered in circulatory shock.
Unsupervised land-cover classification through hyper-heuristic-based Harmony Search

Unsupervised land-cover classification aims at learning intrinsic properties of spectral and spatial features for the task of area coverage in urban and rural areas. In this paper, we propose to model the problem of optimizing the well-known k-means algorithm by combining different variations of the Harmony Search technique using Genetic Programming (GP). We have shown GP can improve the recognition rates when using one optimization technique only, but it still deserves a deeper study when we have a very good individual technique to be combined.
Weak antilocalization of high mobility holes in a strained Germanium quantum well heterostructure

We present the observation of weak antilocalization due to the Rashba spin–orbit interaction, through magnetoresistance measurements performed at low temperatures and low magnetic fields on a high mobility (777 000 cm2 V−1 s−1) p-Ge/SiGe quantum well heterostructure. The measured magnetoresistance over a temperature range of 0.44 to 11.2 K shows an apparent transition from weak localization to weak antilocalization. The temperature dependence of the zero field conductance correction is indicative of weak localization using the simplest model, despite the clear existence of weak antilocalization. The Rashba interaction present in this material, and the absence of the un-tuneable Dresselhaus interaction, indicates that Ge quantum well heterostructures are highly suitable for semiconductor spintronic applications, particularly the proposed spin field effect transistor.
Improved Construction Techniques for (d, k) Graphs

Some attention is currently directed toward maximizing the number of nodes in a graph, each node of which receives no more than d branches and may be reached from any other node along a path of no more than k branches. This note introduces two improved techniques for construction and provides a table (with 1≤d, k≤10) indicating the current status of this problem.
Regulation of Microtubule Dynamic Instability in Vitro by Differentially Phosphorylated Stathmin*

Stathmin is an important regulator of microtubule polymerization and dynamics. When unphosphorylated it destabilizes microtubules in two ways, by reducing the microtubule polymer mass through sequestration of soluble tubulin into an assembly-incompetent T2S complex (two α:β tubulin dimers per molecule of stathmin), and by increasing the switching frequency (catastrophe frequency) from growth to shortening at plus and minus ends by binding directly to the microtubules. Phosphorylation of stathmin on one or more of its four serine residues (Ser16, Ser25, Ser38, and Ser63) reduces its microtubule-destabilizing activity. However, the effects of phosphorylation of the individual serine residues of stathmin on microtubule dynamic instability have not been investigated systematically. Here we analyzed the effects of stathmin singly phosphorylated at Ser16 or Ser63, and doubly phosphorylated at Ser25 and Ser38, on its ability to modulate microtubule dynamic instability at steady-state in vitro. Phosphorylation at either Ser16 or Ser63 strongly reduced or abolished the ability of stathmin to bind to and sequester soluble tubulin and its ability to act as a catastrophe factor by directly binding to the microtubules. In contrast, double phosphorylation of Ser25 and Ser38 did not affect the binding of stathmin to tubulin or microtubules or its catastrophe-promoting activity. Our results indicate that the effects of stathmin on dynamic instability are strongly but differently attenuated by phosphorylation at Ser16 and Ser63 and support the hypothesis that selective targeting by Ser16-specific or Ser63-specific kinases provides complimentary mechanisms for regulating microtubule function.
The Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in Nouna, Burkina Faso, 1993–2007

The Nouna1 1#AS and VL have contributed equally to the manuscript. Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) is located in rural Burkina Faso and has existed since 1992. Currently, it has about 78,000 inhabitants. It is a member of the International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health in Developing Countries (INDEPTH), a global network of memberswho conducts longitudinal health and demographic evaluation of populations in low- and middle-income countries. The health facilities consist of one hospital and 13 basic health centres (locally known as CSPS). The Nouna HDSS has been used as a sampling frame for numerous studies in the fields of clinical research, epidemiology, health economics, and health systems research. In this paper we review some of the main findings, and we describe the effects that almost 20 years of health research activities have shown in the population in general and in terms of the perception, economic implications, and other indicators. Longitudinal data analyses show that childhood, as well as overall mortality, has significantly decreased over the observation period 1993–2007. The under-five mortality rate dropped from about 40 per 1,000 person-years in the mid-1990s to below 30 per 1,000 in 2007. Further efforts are needed to meet goal four of the Millennium Development Goals, which is to reduce the under-five mortality rate by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015.
Long QT and Brugada Syndromes: From Genetics to Clinical Management

Long QT syndrome' and Brugada syndromeare inlicrilcd anliylhmogenic disorders caused by genetic det'ccls of genes thai encode for cardiac ion channels. Identification of the genetic . substrate of the two diseases has brought novel in.sights into the pathophysiology of the two syndromes. Now it is time to take the challenging steps of integrating inolecuiar genetics into clinical cardiology. In order to progress in this direction, il is necessary to have a sufficient number of genotyped families and patients so that it i.s possible to define the specific features of each genetic variant. As a result of the work of a few laboratories that are providing molecular diagnosis of patients and families affected by long QT and Brugada syndromes, an adequate number of genetically characterized individuals is becoming available. Most of Ihe considerations that will be made are hased on the populalion of patients genotyped in our own laboratories.
Perceived control and involvement in self care in patients with colorectal cancer.

AIM This paper reports the qualitative findings from a mixed methods study which explored patients' understandings of perceived control in relation to their self care during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. BACKGROUND A greater degree of patient involvement in self care is increasingly being encouraged; however, little is known about how factors such as perceived control influence patients' active involvement in self care. DESIGN Qualitative, longitudinal study. METHODS Semi structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients before and after six months of chemotherapy treatment for colorectal cancer in a Scottish cancer centre between March 2005-June 2006. The interviews, conducted as part of a larger study, explored patients' understandings of their perceived control over managing treatment-related side effects and how this influenced their attitudes toward, and role preferences in, self care. RESULTS Patients fell into one of two groups: 'high' or 'low' perceived controllers. High-perceived controllers were more likely to view their active involvement in self care positively, as being necessary in managing treatment-related effects and were less likely to rely on nurses to take overall responsibility for the management of treatment-related side effects. Low-perceived controllers were less likely to believe in the importance or necessity of their active involvement in self care and more likely to perceive nurses as being the ones responsible for the management of treatment-related side effects. CONCLUSIONS Perceived control during treatment for cancer influences patients' perceptions toward, and role preferences in, self care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Clinical interventions designed to enhance involvement in self care would benefit from focussing on enhancing patients' perceived control and understanding their role preferences in self care. Patients with different understandings of perceived control may require different help and support to encourage their involvement in self care.
Emotion Theories and Adolescent Well-Being: Results of an Online Intervention

Individuals’ theories about emotions—the beliefs about the nature of emotions and the ability to influence them—have been linked to well-being. However, their causal role is not clear. To address this issue, we delivered a randomized controlled intervention to 1,645 middle school students that targeted their theories of emotion through interactive online modules. Students were taught that they could modify their emotions, get better at modifying their emotions with practice, and use strategies to improve their well-being. One month later, we found that students assigned to the intervention condition (compared to an active control condition) reported more adaptive theories of emotion and greater emotional well-being in school, although well-being outside of school was unchanged. Secondary analyses showed that these effects were present regardless of students’ race, gender, or grade level. These findings suggest that theories of emotion may be a promising target for improving adolescent well-being.
A Non-Radioactive Method for Inexpensive Quantitative RT-PCR

Abstract We present a novel method for quantitative RT-PCR that involves direct incorporation of digoxigenin-11-dUTP (DIG-dUTP) during amplification of cDNAs, separation of RT-PCR products by agarose gel electrophoresis, Southern transfer to a nylon membrane, and chemiluminescent detection with an anti-DIG antibody. The whole procedure can be done in about a day and has the following advantages: It is highly sensitive, specificity is confirmed by monitoring the size of the RT-PCR product, it is non-radioactive, quantitative, and does not require expensive specialized equipment.
Analysis of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for time delay estimation using UWB pulses

In this paper, we analyze the performance of time delay estimation with regards to different pulse shape in UWB indoor navigation. For the performance of time delay estimation, the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) criterion is used and the performance is analyzed under various criteria of pulse shape, such as pulse period, order of differentiation, and the effective pulse width. Moreover, the reasonability of derived performance analysis is verified through numerical results with most conventional UWB pulses; such as Gaussian monocycles, modified Hermite pulses, and prolate spheroidal pulses.
2 to 3 μm Raman-soliton continuum enabled by a nanotube mode-locked Tm-doped MOPFA

We demonstrate a Raman-soliton continuum extending from 2 to 3 μm, in a highly germanium-doped silica-clad fiber, pumped by a nanotube mode-locked thulium-doped fiber system delivering 12 kW sub-picosecond pulses at 1.95 μm.
Determining additional power losses in the electricity supply systems due to current's higher harmonics

The paper reports results of research into the influence of higher harmonics of the power source voltage and the load current on power losses in an electric network. The relevance of this study is predetermined by the ever-increasing number of the electric energy pulse consumers, which leads to an increase in the number of higher harmonics at power supply systems. In turn, higher harmonics cause deterioration not only in the qualitative indicators for electricity, but a significant reduction in energy efficiency as well. The study that we conducted has shown that existing analytical dependences of a network’s active resistance on the higher harmonics’ frequencies are mutually exclusive, contradictory, and inaccurate because they do not take into consideration the geometrical characteristics of the network conductors. Based on the first-order Bessel equations, we have obtained refined analytical dependences of a network’s active resistance on the higher harmonics’ frequencies, taking into consideration the geometrical properties of wires. It has been established that in addition to an increase in the active resistance value due to the influence of a skin effect, higher harmonics predetermine additional losses caused by an increase in the root-mean-square current value. We present the dependence of additional power losses and efficiency factor in the electric network as a function of values for the load current harmonic distortions coefficient and the coefficients for harmonic distortions in a power source voltage. It was established that the network current higher harmonics, caused by the pulse load, lead to the bigger losses in the network than the higher harmonics from the power source. The results obtained in this study could be used in the calculation of energy losses in electric networks due to higher harmonics and while estimating economic efficiency when introducing filter compensating devices.
Synthesizing Diversity and Pluralism in Information Systems: Forging a Unique Disciplinary Subject Matter for the Information Systems Field

The issues of diversity, pluralism and the subject matter of the information systems (IS) field are critically analyzed using the philosophical works of Michel Foucault and studies in disciplinarity. This essay argues for the IS field to forge its own unique disciplinary subject matter by synthesizing the diverse discourses of its “reference disciplines” and not by merely drawing from them. Using examples of other established disciplines with equally multidisciplinary origins, this paper analyzes the history of the IS field to uncover the field’s subject matter. The proposed subject matter maintains the IS field’s richness and diversity without losing its unique identity.
Designing an effective counteradvertising campaign‐Massachusetts

In this report, the author reviews the major lessons from the Massachusetts tobacco counteradvertising efforts. Ms. Miller ties in the Massachusetts three‐pronged campaign of youth prevention, adult cessation, and public support with focus group‐tested counteradvertising strategies. Cancer 1998;83:2742‐2745. © 1998 American Cancer Society.
Automatization of personal and impersonal discourse with narrative re-telling as a function of age

ABSTRACT When older adults retell an impersonal story, the resulting narratives are typically characterized by more prolixity and less coherence than those produced by younger adults. We aimed to determine whether this pattern is also observed when retelling a personal narrative. Younger and older participants told a personal story three consecutive times. With retelling, no evidence of increased coherence or fluency or reduction in hesitancy was observed for either age group. The nature of autobiographical narrative construction explains why such stories are not subject to automatization. A failure to automatize personal narratives is not, therefore, a symptom of aging.
Evaluation of fault attack detection on SRAM-based FPGAs

In this paper we present an extended fault injection approach to configuration memory of SRAM-based FPGAs consisting of inter frame many bits upsets to be used as an evaluation tool for attack detection capability and countermeasure effectiveness in security sensitive design modules. The work presented in this paper is twofold. First, we present the concept of a fault detection mechanism for SRAM-based FPGAs based on redundancy of functional modules to be placed evenly spaced over the FPGA floorplan and composing a fault detection mesh. On the following, we present the results of fault injection at the configuration memory of a SRAM-based FPGA used to evaluate the detection capability of different configurations of such detection module. To this, fault injection is done flipping many bits in sequence, locally, mimicking a laser attack. To demonstrate this concept, it was implemented in a Xilinx 7 Series device. The detection module used in the experiments was built around a substitution box (S-box) that is part of the Rijndael symmetric cryptography and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
A hardware-software platform for digital pre-distortion development and validation

In order to reduce the adjacent channel interference to comply with the transmitted spectrum emission masks of the IEEE 802.11p standard, the power amplifier, integrated into our prototype for vehicular communications, needs to be linearised. Here a hardware-software platform to implement and to validate digital pre-distortion for power amplifier linearisation is outlined. All the steps to develop and to validate both the power amplifier and the digital pre-distorter models are stated in a flowchart. The digital pre-distorter that we have implemented reduces 20 dB the interference in adjacent channels which results in an adjacent channel power ratio of 60 dB.
Nonlinear Far-Infrared Transmission of Antiferromagnetic Fabry-Perot Resonator

The magnetically nonlinear optical transmission of the Fabry-Perot resonator tilled with an antiferromagnetic medium is discussed. In a proper incident power range, we find the bistable switches can appear even for a very thin medium film, such as of half-wavelength thickness. All results are based on antiferromagnetic FeF2 medium with far-infrared resonant frequencies.
In vivo effectiveness of silicone gel sheets as barriers at the inner microgap between a prosthetic abutment and an external-hexagon implant platform.

PURPOSE Bacterial penetration and colonization of the microgap at the implant-abutment interface have been reported in several studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of placing a silicone membrane between the abutment and the implant platform in an attempt to seal the interface. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 15 external-hex implants were placed in 10 patients with clinically healthy peri-implant tissues, and all of the patients had ceramic prosthetic crowns. Samples were collected from the microgaps before, 30 days after, and 90 days after insertion of a silicone membrane. Bacterial DNA was extracted and submitted in triplicate to polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for four peri-implant pathogens: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Tannerella forsythia. RESULTS In the initial samples, a positivity of 52% was found, which was different from that found in samples collected after 30 days (32%) and 90 days (27%) after insertion of the membrane. CONCLUSION It was evident that the silicone membrane reduced, but did not prevent, penetration of these species into external-hex implants.
A survey on leader election protocols for radio networks

A radio network is a distributed system with no central arbiter, consisting of n radio transceivers, referred to as stations. We assume that the stations are identical and cannot be distinguished by serial or manufacturing number. The leader election problem asks to designate one of the stations as leader. In this work, we focus on single-channel, single-hop radio networks. We assume that time is slotted and all transmissions occur at slot boundaries. In each time slot the stations trans-init on the channel with some probability until, eventually, one of the stations is the declared leader. The history of a station up to time slot t is captured by the status of the channel and the transmission activity of the station in each of the t time slots. From the perspective of how much of the history information is used, we identify three types of leader election protocols for single-channel, single-hop radio networks: oblivious if no history information is used, uniform if only the history of the status of the channel is used, and nonuniform if the stations use both the status of channel and the transmission activity. The main goal of this paper is to provide a survey of recent leader election protocols for radio networks.
Interleukin 2 enhances natural killer cell activity through induction of gamma interferon

Highly purified interleukin 2 (IL 2), free of interferon activity, enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activity against tumor cells in mouse spleen cell cultures and in human peripheral lymphocyte cultures in a manner similar to that of interferon (IFN). We determined that IL 2 enhanced NK activity indirectly in a cascade manner by the induction of gamma IFN (IFN-gamma) in the cultures, which actually mediated the enhanced killing. Accordingly, lymphocyte cultures treated with IL 2 alone produced 10 to 100 U of IFN per ml in 6 to 24 h of culture. The IFN was typed as IFN-gamma by specific antibodies. Specific antibodies either to natural IFN-gamma or to a synthetic peptide corresponding to the human IFN-gamma N-terminal amino acids, when added to cultures treated with IL 2, completely blocked IL 2 enhancement of NK cell activity for both the mouse and human systems. IL 2-induced proliferation was not affected by the antibodies. Thus, the enhancement of NK cell activity by IL 2 is completely mediated by IL 2-induced IFN-gamma. The findings clearly indicate a cascade effect whereby one lymphokine (IL 2) induces the production of another. The latter lymphokine (IFN-gamma) then mediates an important biological effect (natural killing).