Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nitric Oxide on Paraquat-Tolerance in Lettuce Leaves

The protective effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the antioxidant system under paraquat(PQ) stress was investigated in leaves of 8-week-old lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants. PQ stress caused a decrease of leaf growth including leaf length, width and weight. Application of NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), significantly alleviated PQ stress induced growth suppression. SNP permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and of higher quantum yield for photosystem Ⅱ than in non-treated controls under PQ exposure, suggesting that NO has protective effect on chloroplast membrane in lettuce leaves. Flavonoids and anthocyanin were significantly accumulated in the leaves upon PQ exposure. However, the rapid increase of these compounds was alleviated in the SNP treated leaves. PQ treatment resulted in lipid peroxidation and induced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the leaves, while SNP prevented PQ induced increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2. These results demonstrate that SNP serves as an antioxidant agent able to scavenge H2O2 to protect plant cells from oxidative damage. The activities of two antioxidant enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in lettuce leaves in the presence of NO donor under PQ stress were higher than those under PQ stress alone. Application of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3- oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger, to the lettuce leaves arrested SNP mediated protective effect on leaf growth, photosynthetic pigment and antioxidant systems. However, PTIO had little effect on lettuce leaves under PQ stress compared with that of PQ stress alone. The obtained data suggest that the damage caused by PQ stress is in part due to increased generation of active oxygen by maintaining increased antioxidant enzyme activities and SNP protects plants from oxidative stress. From these results it is suggested that NO might act as a signal in activating active oxygen scavenging system that protects plants from oxidative damage induced by PQ stress and thus confer PQ tolerance.
On the relationships among work characteristics and learning-related behavior: Does age matter?

This 3- wave longitudinal study examined (a) the causal direction of the relationships among psychosocial work characteristics (e.g., job demands, job control, and supervisor support) and indicators of learning- related behavior (e.g., motivation to learn and active problem solving), and (b) whether these relationships differed across age, by comparing the results for young (≤30), middle- aged (31-44) and older (≥45) workers. The results for the total sample revealed significant reciprocal causal relationships among job demands, job control, and learning- related behavior. Furthermore, significant age differences were found in the level of the work characteristics and learning- related behavior, as well as in the cross- lagged relationships among the variables. Compared to earlier-predominantly cross- sectional-results, the present study underlines the importance of taking a dynamic as well as a life- span view on the relationships between work and learning- related behavior. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Networked Content Analysis : The case of climate change

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Death anxiety and well-being; coping with life-threatening events

Research was conducted among people who have experienced trauma to see the influence of coping factors on death anxiety, PTSD, and psychiatric comorbidity. The intent was to consider the role of death anxiety in relationship to PTSD and mental health among people who have experienced a life-threatening event. It examined both self-efficacy and religious coping as possible factors of death anxiety resilience in relation to trauma. This study was conducted using undergraduate university students in Lithuania. The study (N = 104) did not find evidence to support the significance of religious coping as important factor; however, self-efficacy emerged as significantly related to psychiatric comorbidity and death anxiety. However the results found that self-efficacy did not act as a mediating factor and was independently related to death anxiety and psychiatric comorbidity. Results were discussed in light of theories regarding death anxiety and the agentic model.
With or Without them: Essential Roles of Cofactors in ES Cells

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent cells which are capable of differentiating into many cell types. A complex transcriptional network consisting of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog maintains ESCs in undifferentiated state while being poised to be directed into different committed cell types. Recently, tremendous efforts have made to elucidate the functions of cofactors in ESC identity and differentiation. More and more evidence has shown that cofactors are crucial for both pluripotency maintenance and differentiation capacity in ESCs. Cofactors do not bind to DNA directly. Rather, they are usually recruited to target sites by transcription factors or epigenetic marks. Transcriptional cofactors including coactivators or corepressors serve as critical components of the regulatory circuitry that ensures unique gene expression program in ESCs. In this review, we will highlight recent findings on the functions of transcriptional cofactors and the underlying molecular mechanism that maintains ESC identity.
WAGE INEQUALITY AND LOW-WAGE IMPORT COMPETITION

This article examines the impact of import competition from low-wage countries (LWCs) on wages and wage inequality in the U.S. over the period 1972-2006. During the 1990s, studies appeared to settle this issue, finding that technology, not trade, accounted for the bulk of rising inequality. This paper revisits the link between trade and wages, motivated by two changes in the structure of trade. First, trade today is shaped as much by the exchange of components and tasks as finished goods. Second, import volumes from LWCs into advanced economies like the U.S. have risen dramatically since the early 1990s. The paper pays special attention to the timing of trade impacts. Consistent with prior work, it shows that technological change is the primary driver of inequality before 1990. However, after 1990 wage inequality growth is chiefly a function of rising import competition from low-wage economies. To account for the growing fragmentation of production within economic sectors, we explore trade impacts using a panel model where the focus in on withinrather than between-industry shifts in inequality. Lags of key variables are used as instruments, and our results appear robust to broad concerns with endogeneity and to different measures of skill-biased technological change.
Dexmedetomidine versus Nitroglycerin for Controlled Hypotensive Anaesthesia in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Context: In patients with chronic sinusitis, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is the preferred surgical option as part of treatment after conservative measures have failed. Aims: To improve the success of this surgery and to minimize complications, bloodless field is required. So our primary objective will be to provide bloodless field intraoperatively. Settings and design: Our study was a single blinded, prospective, randomized and comparative clinical study. It included forty adult patients between 18-60 years of age and of either sex. They all were from ASA Grade I & II. The patients were distributed into two groups of 20 each. Methods and material: Group D (n=20) Patients who received loading dose of Dexmedetomidine 1 microgram/ kilogram (μg/kg) over a period of 10 min before induction of anaesthesia and followed by maintenance infusion in the dose of 0.4-0.8 μg/kg/h after intubation via syringe infusion pump. Group N (n=20): Patients who received Inj. Nitroglycerine 5-10 μg/kg/min after intubation via continuous infusion. Patients were monitored for haemodynamic parameters, arterial oxygen saturation and end tidal CO2 at fifteen minute time interval. Average category scale score was used to assess the Quality of surgical field. Total amount of blood loss was noted. Statistical test used: Student's t-test Results: We observed statistically significant increase in mean pulse rate in the Nitroglycerine group as compared to the Dexmedetomidine group. Mean arterial pressure was successfully reduced to the target value in both the groups. There was no difference in amount of blood loss between the two groups. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine and Nitroglycerine both can be used with great safety profile to achieve controlled hypotension during FESS.
Comparative insect mitochondrial genomes: Differences despite conserved genome synteny

We present a comparative analysis of select insect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) representing four insect orders (Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera) consisting of 12 different species in an effort to study a common set of genes and to understand the evolution of mitochondrial genome. A functional analysis of mitochondrial genomes was carried out using ERGO bioinformatics suite. To compare the similarity between closely related insect mitochondrial genome sequences, dot-plot comparisons of sequences were performed. LSU and SSU rRNA sequences were used to construct a phylogenetic tree to determine the relationship among four insect orders. LSU rRNA sequences yielded a tree with branching patterns reflecting the expected pattern as insect species belonging to different orders were put into separate clades. Based on the sequence similarity, insect species belonging to four different orders in general appear to be closely related. However, a comparative and functional analysis of insect mitochondria sequences revealed differences in gene organization of mtDNA. Although tRNA species were identical in most species of insects, their position and the transcription orientations were different, reflecting differential transcriptions. Based on this study we conclude that, although the gene types are very similar across these insect orders, significant differences in GC content perhaps suggest multiple mitochondrial ancestors.
Effects of seeding rates on competition indices of barley and vetch intercropping systems in the Eastern Mediterranean

Forage mixtures are common agricultural practices for the energy and protein needs of animals. In this study, common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixtures in different seeding rates were investigated in terms of forage yield and quality. In order to evaluate the effect of vetch, cereal intercropping and the competition/economic indices of 8 different legume-barley mixtures, along with their pure stands, were assessed during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growth seasons in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. The field experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with 3 replications for each year. Intercropping indices were calculated by means of land equivalent ratio (LER), aggressivity (A), crowding ratio (CR), and actual yield loss (AYL). Competition indices revealed that both the common vetch-barley and the Hungarian vetch-barley intercroppings at a seeding ratio of 80%:20%, respectively, were advantageous due to their high yield, land use efficiency, and economic value compared to other mixtures or pure stands. All samples were analyzed for quality parameters such as dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content. While digestible dry matter (DDM) content did not differ among treatments, CP, NDF, ADF, TDN (total digestible nutrients), DDM, RFV (relative feed value), and NE1 (net energy for lactation) content significantly differed among the different vetches-barley mixtures (P < 0.01). The results emphasize that both vetch species combined with barley and using the seeding ratio of 80% vetch:20% barley should be profitable for farmers in terms of implementation and maximum yield per unit area under Eastern Mediterranean conditions.
Optimum Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Isoleucine to Lysine Ratio for Meat-Type Quails in the Growing-Finishing Phase

This study was conducted to determine the optimum standardized ileal digestible isoleucine to lysine (SID Ile:Lys) ratio for meat-type quails from 15 to 35 d of age. Three hundred fifty not-sexed meattype quails (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) were randomly assigned into five treatments, with seven replicates of 10 quails each. An isoleucinedeficient corn-soybean meal-based diet was formulated and graded supplemented with L-isoleucine (99%) to obtain diets containing SID Ile:Lys ratios of 55,61, 67, 73, and 79%. Data were analyzed as oneway ANOVA and optimum SID Ile:Lys was estimated by polynomial (linear and quadratic) regression. Statistical differences were considered when p<0.05. Quail performance from 15 and 21 d and 15 and 28 d of age was not affected by the treatments. From 15 to 35 d of age, body weight gain and body weight exhibited a quadratic response to increasing dietary SID Ile:Lys ratios, and were optimized at 66 and 67% SID Ile:Lys, respectively. Feed conversion ratio was not influenced by SID Ile:Lys ratios in any of the phases assessed herein. Based on the results, the optimum SID Ile:Lys ratio for meat-type quails from 15 to 35 d of age is 67%.
Molecular Interactions between Organized, Surface-Confined Monolayers and Vapor-Phase Probe Molecules. 5. Acid-Base Interactions

Interactions between self-assembled monolayers containing carboxylic or sulfonic acid terminal groups, and vapor-phase n-alkylamine probe molecules, have been studied using FTIR-external reflectance spectroscopy, mass-sensitive surface acoustic wave devices, and ellipsometry. The results indicate that proton transfer from the surface-acid group to the amine-functionalized probe is controlled by both the proton affinity and the degree of structural ordering of the surface-acid groups. In contrast to bilayers formed by hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acid-terminated monolayer, the bilayer structures that result from proton transfer are stable for periods of many hours. 19 refs., 6 figs.
Groundfish species diversity and assemblage structure in Icelandic waters during a period of rapid warming ( 1996-2007 )

v Ágrip vii Acknowledgments ix Table of contents x Table of figures xi Table of tables xii CHAPTER I Distribution of fish assemblages in Icelandic waters in relation to envionmental factors in the years 1996-2007 1 Abstract 2 Introduction 3 Material and Methods 6 Results 9 Discussion 15 References 20 Appendix 24 CHAPTER II Groundfish diversity in Icelandic waters during a period of rapid warming (1996-2007) 26 Abstract 27 Introduction 28 Material and Methods 30 Results 34 Discussion 43 References 49 Appendix 52
Roles of Actors in Promoting Sustainable Development

Abstract This paper was realised because a lack of a comprehensible classification of the actors (and their roles) in the sustainable development in literature and legislation and to create a classification which includes all the possible players involved the sustainable development (public, private and voluntary sectors). We used qualitative methods: analysing scientific literature concerning the subject; defining the terminology used; determining the importance of each type of player; analysing the relations between each type of actors; establishing a classification based on literature
etrobulbar optic neuropathy secondary to an undifferentiated carcinoma of he sphenoid sinus

MOTS CLÉS Neuropathie optique rétrobulbaire ; Carcinome nasosinusien ; Tumeur du sinus sphénoïdal Résumé Le carcinome indifférencié nasosinusien est une tumeur maligne rare, caractérisée par sa croissance rapide, son envahissement locorégional, son pouvoir métastatique et son pronostic sombre malgré une approche thérapeutique agressive. Cliniquement, cette tumeur peut se manifester par des épisodes d’épistaxis, de céphalées ou par des signes ophtalmiques en particulier des paralysies oculomotrices, une atrophie optique voire une exophtalmie lorsque l’extension est orbitaire. Nous présentons l’observation particulière d’un patient admis pour une neuropathie optique rétrobulbaire gauche qui a révélé un carcinome indifférencié du sinus sphénoïdal. © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.
Preparation of novel SrTiO 3 : Rh / Ta photocatalyst by spray pyrolysis and its activity for H 2 evolution from aqueous methanol solution under visible light

SrTiO3:Rh/Ta powder was prepared by spray pyrolysis from polymeric precursors containing citric acid and ethylene glycol. Co-doping Ta into SrTiO3:Rh increased the presence of Rh3þ in the host material. The retention of balanced charges by the substitution of two Ti4þ ions in the host material by one ion each of Rh3þ and Ta5þ enhanced hydrogen evolution from aqueous methanol solution under visible light irradiation (l > 415 nm) by 3.5 times (to 531 mmol h ) and reduced the induction period by 50% (to 1 h), when compared with SrTiO3:Rh. Thorough mixing of the multi-component spray pyrolysis precursor solution resulted in highly dispersed Rh ions and porous photocatalyst particles, which showed enhanced hydrogen evolution rate. Copyright a 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
Reduced Basis Methods: Success, Limitations and Future Challenges

Parametric model order reduction using reduced basis methods can be an effective tool for obtaining quickly solvable reduced order models of parametrized partial differential equation problems. With speedups that can reach several orders of magnitude, reduced basis methods enable high fidelity real-time simulations of complex systems and dramatically reduce the computational costs in many-query applications. In this contribution we analyze the methodology, mainly focussing on the theoretical aspects of the approach. In particular we discuss what is known about the convergence properties of these methods: when they succeed and when they are bound to fail. Moreover, we highlight some recent approaches employing nonlinear approximation techniques which aim to overcome the current limitations of reduced basis methods.
Impulse-Based Scheme for Crystal-Less ULP Radios

This study describes a method of implementing a fully integrated ultra-low-power (ULP) radio for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This is achieved using an ad hoc modulation scheme (impulse radio), with a bandwidth of 17.7 MHz in the 2.4 GHz-ISM band and a specific medium access control (MAC) protocol, based on a duty-cycled wake-up radio and a crystal-less clock generator. It is shown that the total average power consumption is expected to be less than 100 ¿W with a clock generator inaccuracy of only 1%.
Information Processing Theory of Learning

processing, storage, retrieval and utilization of information. That is, not all of the processing capacity of the system is available; an executive function that oversees this process will use up some of this capability. When one is learning a new task or is confronted with a new environment, the executive function requires more processing power than when one is doing a routine task or is in a familiar environment.
The black-out in southern Sweden and eastern Denmark, September 23, 2003

At midday on Tuesday September 23 2003, the Nordic power system experienced the most severe disturbance in 20 years. The southern part of Sweden and the eastern part of Denmark, including its capital city of Copenhagen, were blacked-out. The cause was a close coincidence of severe faults leading to a burden on the system far beyond the contingencies regarded in normal system design and operating security standards.
Prepose: Privacy, Security, and Reliability for Gesture-Based Programming

With the rise of sensors such as the Microsoft Kinect, Leap Motion, and hand motion sensors in phones (i.e., Samsung Galaxy S6), gesture-based interfaces have become practical. Unfortunately, today, to recognize such gestures, applications must have access to depth and video of the user, exposing sensitive data about the user and her environment. Besides these privacy concerns, there are also security threats in sensor-based applications, such as multiple applications registering the same gesture, leading to a conflict (akin to Clickjacking on the web). We address these security and privacy threats with Prepose, a novel domain-specific language (DSL) for easily building gesture recognizers, combined with a system architecture that protects privacy, security, and reliability with untrusted applications. We run Prepose code in a trusted core, and only return specific gesture events to applications. Prepose is specifically designed to enable precise and sound static analysis using SMT solvers, allowing the system to check security and reliability properties before running a gesture recognizer. We demonstrate that Prepose is expressive by creating gestures in three representative domains: physical therapy, tai-chi, and ballet. We further show that runtime gesture matching in Prepose is fast, creating no noticeable lag, as measured on traces from Microsoft Kinect runs. To show that gesture checking at the time of submission to a gesture store is fast, we developed a total of four Z3-based static analyses to test for basic gesture safety and internal validity, to make sure the so-called protected gestures are not overridden, and to check inter-gesture conflicts. Our static analysis scales well in practice: safety checking is under 0.5 seconds per gesture, average validity checking time is only 188ms, lastly, for 97% of the cases, the conflict detection time is below 5 seconds, with only one query taking longer than 15 seconds.
Growth, Yield and Chemical Composition of Okra as Affected by Three Types and Levels of Synthetic Cytokinins under High Temperature Conditions

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of three synthetic cytokinin i.e. Benzyl amino purine (BAP) at (25,and 50 ppm), 2-chloro-4-pyridyl-N-phenylurea (CPPU) at (10, and 20 ppm) and 6-furfuryl-aminopurin (Kinetin) at (25,and 50ppm) on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cv . Lady’s fingers. Two field experiments were executed during thetwo successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 in a private farm located at Abuo Homoss, El-Baharia Governorate, Egypt. Theobtained results of the two seasons, generally, revealed that spraying of the three types and levels of synthetic cytokinins,significantly, increased plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and leaf area plant-1 compared to theuntreated control. Also, synthetic cytokinins significantly enhanced the yield attributes viz., fruit length, fruit diameter,fruit weight and total yield plant-1. Moreover, spraying of synthetic cytokinins were superior and significantly increasedN%, P%, K%, protein % and total chlorophyll in the leaves. Likewise, it increased mean values of N%, P%, K%, protein% and mucilage in fruits. Meanwhile, spraying of BAP at 50 ppm gave the highest mean values of vegetative growthcharacters and chemical composition on leaves compared to other treatments. However, spraying of kinetine at 25ppmgave the highest mean values of fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight and total yield plant-1 in addition to meanvalues of N%, P%, K%, protein % and mucilage in fruits compared to other treatments. On the other hand, all syntheticcytokinins increased average number of days from planting to the first flower compared to control treatment under hightemperature conditions.