Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation into Building Energy Consumption between Theory,
Experiment and Modelling

The primary purpose of this project plan is to outline the road map to achieve the aim of the project. This project investigates the energy consumption and associated energy losses that occur across an infrastructure, and to make recommendations with possible improvements to the infrastructure resulting in reduction of the energy losses. The Engineering Workshop building on the Byrom Street, campus of Liverpool John Moores University have been planned to investigate. Detailed plan is made to achieve the objectives of this project. The plan includes the energy losses calculated between the Workshop and the outside environment through three different methods; Theoretical calculation, Experimental real time Data logging and suitable Computer Modelling. This investigation plan traverse with Literature review in first week and collection of data required in each of the three methods for a span of eleven weeks, among the parameters like heat transfer rate, thermal conductivity, temperature recordings over sustained period, and the Workshop building material properties are collected. The energy losses occurred through the workshop building are determined from the three methods. Finally, within two weeks, all the three methods results are compared and validated. In conclusion, the investigation results hope to assert the energy losses determined by the three different models are identical. And any improvements to the Engineering Workshop building infrastructure that would minimize the energy losses and henceforth reduction in the building energy consumption are recommended. The investigation terminates with Project report documentation and submission by week 14; presentation and oral examination of the project planned in week 15-16.
The Inflationary Effects of Fiscal Deficit in Sierra Leone: A Simulation Approach

The objective of the study is to identify rules for the conduct of fiscal and monetary policies for low inflation in Sierra Leone. Policy simulations are carried out following the estimation of an inflation model with annual data from 1971 to 2012. The results reveal that, achieving Sierra Leone's medium-term inflation targets of 6.0%, 5.4% and 5.4% for 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, requires budget deficit, excluding grants, to be 6.0 %, 5.6%, and 4.9% of GDP, respectively, with corresponding money supply growth targets of 10.4%, 9.7% and 8.6%, respectively.
Empirical research on the adoption and diffusion of e-commerce portals

While many online businesses are spending much of their money on bringing the visitors to their websites, the rate at which the website visitors get converted to customers and do transactions is very less. This study investigated the various factors that affect the e-commerce conversion rate. Results of the online survey with 160 online consumers of various e-commerce websites in India indicate that visitor's experience, user interface experience, post purchase experience, streamlined checkout process, advertisement and promotion, and m-commerce significantly affect the visitor's willingness in doing transaction and becoming loyal customers.
How does a diversity climate shape the relationship between demographic diversity and organizational social capital in the U.S. federal government?

ABSTRACT Although intergroup conflict caused by demographic differences in organizations disrupts social interactions between employees, little empirical research has been conducted to understand how to effectively manage demographic diversity in the public workforces. By combining two theories of diversity and inclusion, this article explores the independent and joint effects of three dimensions of demographic diversity (gender, race, and age) and a diversity climate on organizational social capital in the US federal government. Statistical analysis shows a negative relationship between age diversity and organizational social capital and a contrasting positive relationship between a diversity climate and social capital. More important, the diversity climate as a key moderator conditions the impact of racial diversity and age diversity on social capital. The findings suggest the importance of a supportive diversity climate in improving the quality of social relationships within demographically diverse organizations.
Radioresistance of carrier-specific helper thymus-derived lymphocytes in mice.

The effect of x-irradiation on the capacity of carrier-specific mouse T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes to exert a helper function for hapten-specific B (bone marrow-derived) lymphocytes in vivo has been investigated again. Helper function is abolished by exposure of such cells to x-irradiation before, or immediately after, transfer to adoptive hosts. On the other hand, when exposure to x-irradiation occurs under circumstances in which the carrier-primed cells are well-localized in the appropriate lymphoid organs, i.e., either in the carrier-primed animal or 24 hr after adoptive transfer to syngeneic recipients, the capacity of T lymphocytes to serve as specific helper cells is clearly radioresistant. Evidence indicates that x-irradiation results in undefined, and subtle, changes in the migratory capacity of mouse T lymphocytes, but not in abrogation of T-cell helper function.
Naive and activated T cells display differential responsiveness to TL1A that affects Th17 generation, maintenance, and proliferation

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐like cytokine (TL1A) is a T‐cell costimulator that bolsters cyto‐kine‐induced activation through death receptor 3 (DR3). To explore the relationship between T‐cell activation and TL1A responsiveness, flow cytometry profiled DR3 expression in resting and activated T cells. In human CD4+ T cells, DR3 was induced rapidly following activation and expressed prominently by in‐terleukin (IL)‐17‐secreting T cells (Th17). Splenic T cells from wild‐type and DR3‐deficient mice showed that TL1A activation of DR3 inhibits Th17 generation (81 ±2.6% at 100 ng/ml TL1A) from naive T cells. This response was not associated with suppression of T‐cell proliferation. Using neutralizing antibodies or T cells derived from genetically modified mice, TL1A inhibition of Th17 development was found to be independent of IL‐2, IL‐27, γIFN, IFNAR1, and STAT1. Under suboptimal TCR activation, TL1A continued to block IL‐17A secretion, however, the reduced threshold of TCR engagement was now linked with an increase in TL1A‐driven proliferation. In contrast, fully committed Th17 cells displayed an altered TL1A responsiveness and in the absence of TCR costimulation supported the maintenance of T cell IL‐17A expression. Consequently, TL1A orchestrates unique outcomes in naive and effector T‐helper cells, which may affect the proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of Th17 cells in peripheral compartments and inflamed tissues. —Jones, G. W. , Stumhofer, J. S. , Foster, T. , Twohig, J.P., Hertzog, P., Topley, N. , Williams, A. S. , Hunter, C. A. , Jenkins, B. J., Wang, E. C. Y. , Jones, S. A. Naive and activated T cells display differential responsiveness to TL1A that affects Th17 generation, maintenance, and proliferation. FASEBJ. 25, 409–419 (2011). www.fasebj. org
Are neurons in cat posteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual cortex orientation sensitive? Tests with bars and gratings

Abstract There is controversy in the literature concerning whether or not neurons in the cat's posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) visual cortex are orientation selective. Previous studies that have tested cells with simple bar stimuli have found that few, if any, PMLS cells are orientation selective. Conversely, studies that have used repetitive stimuli such as gratings have found that most or all PMLS cells are orientation selective. It is not known whether this difference in results is due to the stimuli used or the laboratories using them. The present experiments were designed to answer this question by testing individual PMLS neurons for orientation sensitivity with both bar and grating stimuli. Using quantitative response measures, we found that most PMLS neurons respond well enough to stationary flashed stimuli to use such stimuli to test for orientation sensitivity. On the basis of these tests, we found that about 85% of the cells with well-defined receptive fields are orientation sensitive to flashed gratings, and a similar percentage are orientation sensitive to flashed bars. About 80% of the cells were orientation sensitive to both types of stimuli. The preferred orientations typically were similar for the two tests, and they were orthogonal to the preferred direction of movement. The strength of the orientation sensitivity (measured as the ratio of discharge to the preferred and nonpreferred orientations) was similar to both types of stimuli. However, the width of the orientation tuning curves was systematically broader to bars than to gratings. Several hypotheses are considered as to why previous studies using bars failed to find evidence for orientation sensitivity. In addition, a mechanism for the difference in orientation tuning to bars and gratings is suggested.
The significance of TP53 in lymphoid malignancies: mutation prevalence, regulation, prognostic impact and potential as a therapeutic target

The tumour suppressor TP53 (previously termed p53) mediates a pathway that is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms in the maintenance of genomic stability. The function of TP53 can be abrogated by genomic deletion, mutation, or deregulation of upstream and downstream participants in the TP53 pathway. While aberrations of TP53 are widely prevalent in non‐haematological malignancies (over 60%), they are present in much lower frequency in haematological malignancies (<20%). Nevertheless, in those cases where TP53 function or expression is aberrant, correlation with inferior clinical outcome (such as overall survival and progression or transformation) has generally been strong. In this review, we focus our discussion on the relationship between TP53 and lymphoid malignancies as defined by the World Health Organization. Specifically, we examine the prevalence of TP53 aberrations and their prognostic significance in various types of lymphoid cancer. Next, we discuss the various mechanisms of TP53 inactivation. Finally, we summarize progress in the use of recent therapeutic modalities that target TP53.
Brown adipose tissue as an anti‐obesity tissue in humans

During the 11th Stock Conference held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, world‐leading experts came together to present and discuss recent developments made in the field of brown adipose tissue biology. Owing to the vast capacity of brown adipose tissue for burning food energy in the process of thermogenesis, and due to demonstrations of its presence in adult humans, there is tremendous interest in targeting brown adipose tissue as an anti‐obesity tissue in humans. However, the future of such therapeutic approaches relies on our understanding of the origin, development, recruitment, activation and regulation of brown adipose tissue in humans. As reviewed here, the 11th Stock Conference was organized around these themes to discuss the recent progress made in each aspect, to identify gaps in our current understanding and to further provide a common groundwork that could support collaborative efforts aimed at a future therapy for obesity, based on brown adipose tissue thermogenesis.
A structural model of the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual factors influencing the development towards gerotranscendence in a sample of institutionalized elders.

AIMS This paper is a report of a study to determine the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual factors influencing the development towards gerotranscendence in institutionalized older people. Physical ability, depressive symptoms, social network support, meaning of life and life satisfaction were examined through a structured equation modelling approach. BACKGROUND Older people's pursuit of gerotranscendence is believed to facilitate successful ageing and late-life growth. Although a few Scandinavian studies have identified the relationship between psychosocial factors and the development of gerotranscendence, there is little trans-cultural study of the model, which limits the ability of the gerotranscendence theory to be applied worldwide. METHODS Cognitively intact older residents (N = 195) from six long-term care facilities in southern Taiwan participated in a structured interview using the Gerotranscendence scale, Barthel's Index, the Geriatric Depression Scale short form, the Inventory of Socially supportive Behaviour, the Life Meaning scale, and the Life Satisfaction scale. Data were collected over a 6-month period in 2008. RESULTS The model-fit indexes of the final model (χ2) = 32.08, d.f. = 14, P = 0.004; CMIN/d.f. = 2.29; GFI = 0.97, AGFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.94, NFI = 0.96) exceeded acceptable levels except for χ2 . In the final model, social support, life satisfaction and meaning of life had direct effects on gerotranscendence (standardized regression weight 0.54, 0.43, and 0.76). CONCLUSION The gerotranscendence model of healthy ageing is congruent in the Taiwanese population. Findings of this study can guide nursing and other health professionals in planning implementation of best practice in older people's care.
Allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation in children with haematological malignancies

We report on five children with haematological malignancies who underwent allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation. PBPC were harvested from HLA‐identical sibling donors after G‐CSF (10 μg/kg/d s.c.) mobilization. Aphereses were carried out on day 5 after G‐CSF using a Cobe Spectra blood cell separator. All PBPC allografts were cryopreserved before transplantation. The median of CD34+ cells and CD3+ cells infused were 14.1×106/kg recipient body weight (range 4.92–22.3) and 2.40×108/kg recipient body weight (range 0.54–4.82), respectively. Engraftment occurred in all cases. The median time to a neutrophil count >0.5×109/l and a platelet count >20×109/l were 15 and 14 d, respectively. The incidence of severe acute graft‐versus‐host disease was 20%. These data suggest that allogeneic PBPC transplantation might be an alternative to bone marrow transplantation in children.
Real Collars as Alternative Incentives for Subsidizing Energy Facilities

We suggest that real collars may be acceptable incentives for encouraging development of low (or no) carbon energy generating facilities as an alternative for high feed&#8208;in&#8208;tariffs. We provide novel analytical solutions for real collars and partial collars, plus floor and ceiling partial derivatives. The &#8216;gains/losses&#8217; of the energy generator as perceived parameter values change are compared to those of the government providing the collar, and floor or ceiling only, viewing the arrangement as a real option game between principal and agent. A volatility increase first increases, then decreases the &#8216;gains&#8217; of the generator.
A Proposal Based on IoT for Social Inclusion of People with Visual Impairment

With the wide variety of available mobile devices, of different types, capabilities and technologies, associated with the profusion of wireless communication networks, enables to offer mobile and ubiquitous applications that can be designed to serve blind persons (PCDVs). In this sense, this article has as its principal contribution the approach, called HELIX, proposed to provide accessibility to the visually impaired through the use of concepts of Internet of Things (IoT) in indoor and outdoor environments. The functional architecture of the HELIX is integrated into the adaptation and context recognition subsystem of middleware EXEHDA, which provides support for the acquisition, storage and processing of context information used by the mobile HELIX applications. The applications prototyped were evaluated by the Technology Acceptance Model, and the results were promising.
In vivo infusion of growth factors enhances the mitogenic response of rat hepatic ductal (oval) cells after administration of 2‐acetylaminofluorene

Expression of several growth factors is elevated in rat liver, after induction of oval cell proliferation by chemical carcinogens. However, the exact roles played by individual factors are not defined. We infused and examined the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the proliferation of ductal and periductal cells after their activation with 2‐acetylaminofluorene (2‐ AAF). Furthermore, we included studies on urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), because Northern blot analysis showed a strong coincidence of uPA expression with oval cell proliferation. Low doses of 2‐AAF were used to activate ductal and periductal cells, whereafter growth factors were infused. Infusion of EGF, HGF, uPA, or any combination thereof for up to 7 days resulted in increased numbers of [3H]thymidine‐labeled ductal and periductal cells expanding into the liver acinus. Although the growth factors all increased the number of labeled cells, they preferentially acted on different cell populations. Although exposure to 2‐AAF alone or combined with infusion of HGF resulted in proliferation of almost equal numbers of ductal and Ito cells, infusion of EGF and any combination hereof resulted in 75% to 80% of labeled cells having a ductal phenotype. Also, infusion of EGF and HGF resulted in decreased numbers of cells undergoing apoptosis in response to 2‐AAF. Our results demonstrate that, although 2‐AAF acts as a mitogenic stimulus for ductal and periductal cells, growth factors are necessary for survival, motility, and expansion of these cells into the liver acini.
Predictors of cesarean delivery in women undergoing labor induction with a Foley balloon

Abstract Objective: To examine predictive characteristics for cesarean delivery (CD) in women undergoing labor induction with a Foley balloon (FB). Methods: A secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, control trial examining labor induction with a transcervical 30 mL or 60 mL FB. One-hundred ninety-nine women with term, vertex, singleton pregnancies and Bishop score < 5 were randomized to receive a transcervical 30 mL or 60 mL FB. Mode of delivery, labor complications and neonatal outcomes were recorded. A multivariable model was performed to determine predictive characteristics for CD. Results: Increasing maternal age (p = 0.04), nulliparity (p =0.002) and chorioamnionitis (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with an elevated risk for CD. Nulliparity was associated in an almost 4-fold increased CD risk (relative risk [RR]: 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–12.3). Women aged ≥ 40 years, had an almost 3-fold increased risk of CD as compared to women aged 20–29 (RR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.36–6.19) years. Chorioamnionitis was associated with nearly a 2-fold increased risk for CD (RR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.06–3.32). A gestational age of ≥ 41 weeks, prostaglandin use during induction and induction indication did not affect mode of delivery. Conclusion: In patients undergoing labor induction with a FB, increasing maternal age, nulliparity and chorioamnionitis are associated with an elevated risk for CD.
Barkhausen Noise Analysis as an Alternative Method to Online Monitoring of Milling Surfaces

Surface parameters, such as microhardness, roughness, and microstructure, are used for quality control of a machining process. Given the fact that it is usually necessary to move the piece from the job zone to the quality control center to verify these parameters, the use of a portable quality control system could reduce the checking time of the process. The aim of this paper is to obtain the correlation of the typical machining process effect in the material surface with the Barkhausen noise to promote the online monitoring of the milling process. The Barkhausen noise is normally used to verify some magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic material and can be obtained using a simple procedure. The cutting temperature, surface roughness, microstructure, and, consequently, the Barkhausen noise can be modified by means of the cutting parameters variation. All these values depend on the level of residual stresses in the material. This paper presents an alternative to monitoring the milling surfaces of steel AISI SAE 1020 using the magnetic Barkhausen noise analysis.
Lignan from Thyme Possesses Inhibitory Effect on ASIC3 Channel Current*

Background: ASIC3 channels contribute to pain stimuli perception. Results: A new compound (sevanol) was isolated from thyme extract and was shown to inhibit ASIC3 current components. Conclusion: Sevanol could play a considerable role in thyme analgesic properties. Significance: The data on the structure and potency of sevanol can make a contribution to understanding the function of ASIC3 and can be helpful for developing other pharmacological substances targeting ASIC3. A novel compound was identified in the acidic extract of Thymus armeniacus collected in the Lake Sevan region of Armenia. This compound, named “sevanol,” to our knowledge is the first low molecular weight natural molecule that has a reversible inhibition effect on both the transient and the sustained current of human ASIC3 channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Sevanol completely blocked the transient component (IC50 353 ± 23 μm) and partially (∼45%) inhibited the amplitude of the sustained component (IC50 of 234 ± 53 μm). Other types of acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) channels were intact to sevanol application, except ASIC1a, which showed more than six times less affinity to it as compared with the inhibitory action on the ASIC3 channel. To elucidate the structure of sevanol, the set of NMR spectra in two solvents (d6-DMSO and D2O) was collected, and the complete chemical structure was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-ESI+-MS) fragmentation. This compound is a new lignan built up of epiphyllic acid and two isocitryl esters in positions 9 and 10. In vivo administration of sevanol (1–10 mg/kg) significantly reversed thermal hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund's adjuvant injection and reduced response to acid in a writhing test. Thus, we assume the probable considerable role of sevanol in known analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of thyme.
Haemochromatosis

Hereditary haemochromatosis is the prototype disease for primary iron overload. The disorder is very common, especially amongst subjects of Northern European extraction. It is characterized by an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, and most cases are homozygous for the C282Y mutation in the HFE gene. Haemochromatosis is now recognized to be a complex genetic disease with probable significant environmental and genetic modifying factors. The early diagnosis of individuals at risk for the development of haemochromatosis is important, because survival and morbidity are improved if phlebotomy therapy is instituted before the development of cirrhosis. The cost‐effectiveness and utility of large‐scale screening for haemochromatosis have been questioned given that many individuals with the homozygous C282Y mutation do not have iron overload or end‐organ damage. However, the use of phenotypic tests, such as serum transferrin‐iron saturation, for initial screening avoids the problem of the identification of non‐expressing homozygotes. Liver biopsy remains important in management to determine the presence or absence of cirrhosis, particularly amongst patients with serum ferritin levels greater than 1000 ng/mL or elevated liver enzymes. Those with non‐HFE haemochromatosis who cannot be identified on genotypic testing should have a liver biopsy to establish diagnosis. Patients with end‐stage liver disease may develop liver failure or primary liver cancer, and liver transplantation may be required. Liver transplantation for haemochromatosis is associated with a poorer outcome compared with other indications because of infections and cardiac complications.