Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Particle Swarm Optimization for Solving Medical Image Reconstruction Ill-conditioned Problems

Particle swarm algorithm applies to the field of computer neural networks a lot. In this paper, the medical image is used as an example to realize the modeling process based on the particle swarm algorithm. For the modeling and simulation analysis of medical images, the geometric model accuracy and physical model accuracy need to be solved. The mobile cube (MC) algorithm is used for surface reconstruction. At the same time, the quadratic error measurement (QEM) method is used to reduce and smooth the triangular patch. The Delaunay method is used to deduce the volume mesh model based on the surface mesh. and finally, the corresponding physical model is selected according to the target organization to use the finite element (FEM) method for analysis, and uses OpenGL to display the cloud chart of the equivalent stress. The analysis results show that the function and metabolism of human tissues and organs can be more accurately understood through the reconstruction of SPECT medical images.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction or aerobics exercise for reducing burn-out in medical residents-a study protocol for a phase III, open-label, multi-center, randomized controlled trial: The MINDER study

Background and objectives: Burnout results from chronic workplace stress leading to emotional exhaustion, negativity, and decreased professional efficiency. In the healthcare system, this can have consequences like increased medical errors, absenteeism, substance abuse, depression, and suicide among health professionals, adversely affecting patient care. Various individual-directed measures like the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR), one of the most studied and widely adopted techniques, and physical activity, like aerobics or sports, have shown to be effective against burnout. With this study, we intend to increase awareness regarding this public health issue among the residents and the faculty. Our aim is to define a successful intervention that can be incorporated as a yearly requirement for the completion of residency programs. Methodology: This study will be a phase III, multicentric, open-label, placebo (waiting list) controlled trial. Our sample size will be 720 residents sampled from 6 university hospitals from across the world, randomized into 3 parallel arms (1:1:1 ratio stratified according to site and specialty). Residents, diagnosed with burnout based on baseline Maslach Burnout Inventory score (MBI) and having no prior physical or mental health issues, will be included. The first group will undergo the MBSR program for 8 weeks, the second group will undergo a supervised aerobics program for 8 weeks, and the third group will be put into a waiting list for any of the interventions. The primary outcome will be the change in MBI scores after the intervention. The secondary outcomes will be the change in MBI score 3 months after the intervention, and changes in measures like heart rate, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, cortisol levels, quality of sleep and quality of life after the intervention and 3 months later. We also plan to do a subgroup analysis to see the difference based on specialty and gender. Study impact: The residency training period is considered one of the most stressful phases in medical education. Higher rates of burnout are noted in the residents, and this can negatively impact patient care and the progression of their careers. This trial will look at multiple interventions to combat burnout recruiting residents of different specialties in different work environments across the world. We hope to remove the stigma surrounding burnout in the healthcare system. This study will show the short and long term benefits of these interventions and would help us recommend their inclusion in various residency programs.
Check dams exacerbate the effects of high flow on aquatic insect communities in tropical stream of northern Thailand

Check dams have been widely constructed in Thai streams and our study examined effects of dam-caused flow regime changes on aquatic insect communities. The flow regime of Huay Kaew Stream in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai, Thailand was separated into two periods: high flow and low flow periods, which characterize the natural flow dynamics in tropical streams. The sampling sites in three altitudes (1500, 900, and 500 m asl.) of the stream showed a similar trend in the effects of check dams during high flow. High discharge reduced the density of aquatic insects but this reduction was locally greater near check dams. Higher changes in water velocity at dammed sites caused greater decreases in aquatic insect community abundance because of alternating accumulation and dislodgement of fine sediment and leaf pack habitat below dams. An increase in cobble habitat because of dam erosion below a non-permanent check dam helped mitigate the effects of high flow and flow disturbance on aquatic insect density. A high density of check dams likely affects streambed structure and insect composition within the stream
Management performance mapping: the value of information for regional prioritization of project interventions

Identifying the locations and settings where technologies are most likely to have important effects can make the most of development or extension efforts. In the context of development and applied ecology, decisions must often be made by policy makers and donors about where to implement projects designed to improve management. Implementation in some regions may provide substantially higher payoffs to investment, and higher quality information may help to target the high-payoff locations. The value of information (VOI) in this context is formalized by comparing the benefits from decision making guided by a set of information and the results of acting without taking the information into account. We present a framework for management performance mapping and for evaluating the value of information for decision making about geographic priorities in regional intervention strategies. In our case studies of Andean and Kenyan potato seed systems, we evaluate seed health and yield information from farms, plots, and individual plant observations. We use Bayesian networks and recursive partitioning to efficiently characterize the relationship between these performance measures and the environmental and management predictors used in studies aimed at understanding seed degeneration. These analyses return the expected performance of an intervention for predictor variables mapped across the landscape. We link the scientific process and the learning cycle to the value of information assessments to support a culture of continuous improvement that informs strategic agricultural development. Assessment of the value of information demonstrates the value of science as an integral part of targeted development programs.
Unsteady Collisionless Gaseous Plasma Flow in the Upper Layers of the Charged Atmosphere and The Investigation of Vlasov-Maxwell Equations System.

In the upper charged layers of the atmosphere, the plasma is very rarefied. The collisions between its molecules are almost non-existent, and the driving forces behind them are the Lorentz forces resulting from the electric and magnetic fields. For this reason, we are interested in studying the behavior of non-collision plasmas because of its essential applications, such as the movement of satellites in the charged atmosphere. In this paper, the flow problem of collisionless gaseous plasma is examined. For that propose, we solve the unsteady Vlasov-Maxwell system of non-linear partial differential equations analytically. Methods of moments and traveling wave parameters are used to acquire an exact solution. Specific macroscopic properties of collisionless gaseous plasma are calculated along with electrical and magnetic fields. Further, thermodynamic estimation, such as entropy and entropy production, is presented. Those calculations allow us to measure the consistency with the laws of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Relations between internal energy modification participations are predicted using Gibbs' equation for collisionless plasma. The modification effect of internal energies due to electro-magnetic fields is found to be small compared with the internal energy change due to the effect of entropy. That is because these fields are self-induced by plasma particles due to the sudden movement of the rigid plane plate. The results are accomplished according to the typical argon gaseous plasma model. Three-dimensional diagrams showing the measured variables are drawn to investigate and discuss their behavior. The problem has many commercial applications for the movement of objects in the charged atmosphere.
Theoretical and experimental investigations of vertical hole transport through unipolar AlGaN structures: Impacts of random alloy disorder

We report on the vertical hole transport through unipolar unintentionally doped (UID) and p-type doped AlGaN heterostructures to evaluate the effectiveness of the UID and doped AlGaN as barriers to the hole transport. Band diagram and current density–voltage (J–V) simulations are conducted in one-dimensional and three-dimensional schemes, with the latter including compositional fluctuations within the alloy AlGaN barrier layer. The simulation results using a self-consistent Poisson-drift diffusion scheme, incorporating the Localization Landscape theory, indicate a large asymmetric barrier to the hole transport by UID AlGaN. The asymmetric J–V characteristics are attributed to the asymmetric band diagrams calculated for the unipolar structure. The simulation results are verified by experiments using unipolar vertical hole transport structures enabled by n-to-p tunnel junctions (TJs) grown by ammonia molecular-beam epitaxy. The TJ structures are utilized to minimize the issues with the high spreading resistance of p-regions and to eliminate the need for its dry etching, which normally results in degraded p-contacts. The experimental results show that even a thin UID AlxGa1−xN (x = 14%, 13 nm) introduces an asymmetric barrier to the hole transport; a nearly 100% increase in the voltage drop induced by a thin UID AlGaN at 50 A/cm2 in the reverse direction is observed compared to an only 25% corresponding increase in the forward direction. Furthermore, p-type doping of the AlGaN layer results in a drastic drop in the potential barrier to hole transport in both directions. The results are beneficial for understanding the behavior of various structure designs within optoelectronics and power electronics.
Functional aspects of blood plasma proteins.

Summary The viscosity of solutions (6% w/w protein in 45% sucrose) of porcine and bovine whole blood plasma, porcine serum and porcine plasma fractions exhibited Newtonian behaviour between 20°C and 73°C. On further heating, the viscosity of these solutions increased exponentially producing a reversible gel structure at 76°C and an irreversible gel at 79°C. In contrast, egg albumen protein solutions indicated a relatively low initial viscosity but started to thicken at 65°C, forming reversible gels at 73°C and irreversible gels at 76°C. The viscosity of the egg albumen protein solutions was similar to that of the serum proteins and plasma protein fractions and less than that of whole plasma protein solutions. Viscosities lower than expected were exhibited by mixtures of whole porcine or bovine plasma and egg albumen proteins. However, synergistic interaction between the proteins of egg albumen and porcine plasma fraction I and fraction III (albumin) and porcine serum occurred at high temperatures of heating.
A new species of Ypsolopha Latreille (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae) from the Andes of northern Chile

Male and female adults ofYpsolophamolteniisp. n. (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae) are described and illustrated from the western slopes of the Andes of northern Chile. Larvae ofY.molteniifeed on inflorescences of the native shrubAdesmiaverrucosaMeyen (Fabaceae). This finding represent the first species ofYpsolophaLatreille, 1796 described from mainland Chile and the first species of this genus with larvae feeding on the highly diverse South American genusAdesmia.
Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of a Cationic Dye Adsorption Onto Raw Clay

In this study, methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption from the aqueous solution on raw clay samples collected from the Tilkitepe in the east of Lake Van was presented. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of various experimental parameters such as pH, contact time and initial concentrations on the removal of MB. The five nonlinear adsorption equations were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. Considering the correlation coefficients, the order of the most suitable isotherm models was Sips> Freundlich> Temkin> DubininRadushkevich>Langmuir. From the data applied to the pseudo-first-second order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, it can be said that the best model describing the kinetics of MB dye adsorption is the pseudo-second order (PSO) kinetic model. The results are shown that Tilkitepe / Van raw clay material could be used as an economical and effective adsorbent for dye removal.
Characterization of genes related to heat shock response in Fusarium graminearum

The Fusarium head blight primarily caused by ascomycete Fusarium graminearum leads to severe yield losses of various cereal crops and contamination of grains with mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and livestock. The heat shock response involves the induction of a defined set of heat shock proteins which promote the folding of client proteins or target aggregated proteins for degradation, therefore affecting the diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes. In this study, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cellular adaptation to thermal stress was performed in F. graminearum. We found that profound alterations in gene expression were required for heat shock response in F. graminearum. Heat shock protein 90 (FgHsp90) played a central role in heat shock response and FgHsp90 was exclusively localized to nuclei in response to heat stress. Moreover, the comprehensive functional characterization of FgHsp90 provides clear genetic evidences supporting its crucial roles in vegetative growth, reproduction, and virulence of F. graminearum. Next, the FgNot3
Ciencias Exactas Naturales

The article presents a methodology for the development of information exchange tools based on the apparatus of hierarchical Petri nets, characterized by the possibility of simultaneous events and allows solving the problem of correctness analysis and verification of protocols. Protocol objects and access points are represented on the basis of the Petri nets apparatus: the simplest object of the reception/transmission protocol, the queue object, a single object and a trivial object. It describes the construction of complex structures of objects and operations on them, the management of timeouts based on the timer object, the specification of protocol objects, the specification of protocols and levels of logical structure. The proposed method is relevant for the analysis of complex communication systems of large size, which are mobile ad-hoc networks with a large number of nodes, characterized by topology instability due to unstable communication channel characteristics and high nodes mobility, and especially flying ad-hoc networks of aircraft (FANET) and flying sensor networks (FSN).
A study of neuromodulation using the isolated locust (Schistocerca gregaria) first basalar motoneurone as an 'in vitro' model

1. A technique has been developed to isolate the first basalar (BA1) motoneurone of the locust (Schistocerca gregaria) from its ganglionic environment. The isolated neurone soma remained viable (often for up to 9hrs), enabling its electrophysiological and pharmacological properties to be investigated. The findings of these studies were comparable with those from the BA1 motoneurone in situ, and with other insect neurones whether studied in vitro or in situ. 2. The application of selected agonists to the isolated BA1 motoneurone soma demonstrated the presence of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, GABA receptors and dopamine (DA) receptors. The membrane depolarization evoked by nicotine was blocked by BTX, while the GABA- induced membrane hyperpolarization response was sensitive to picrotoxin. Muscarinic receptor and DA receptor activation both induced membrane depolarization which was evoked without a detectable change in membrane conductance. The ionic dependency of these agonist-induced responses is discussed. 3. When applied between pressure applications of GABA, DA could induce either membrane depolarization or hyperpolarization, both of which were associated with an increase in membrane conductance. Furthermore, the amplitude and/or duration of the GABA response was potentiated by DA. Possible mechanisms underlying these observations are proposed. 4. Using the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescence probe, fluo-3, and confocal laser scarming microscopy, the effects of the muscarinic agonist, McN A-343, and DA on [Ca2+]i in the isolated BA1 motoneurone were examined. McN evoked an increase in [Ca2+]i, whilst DA evoked a decrease in [Ca2+]i. Similar observations were made from isolated cockroach fast coxal depressor (Df) motoneurones. The cellular events underlying these observations are discussed. 5. A technique was established to maintain dissociated unidentified adult locust neurones in culture for up to two weeks; a similar protocol was used to maintain isolated BA1 motoneurones in culture. Electrophysiological recording techniques demonstrated that the neurones remained viable in culture.
Design of a Synthetic sRNA-based Feedback Filter Module

Filters are widely used in engineering to reduce noise and/or the magnitude of a signal of interest. Feedback filters, or adaptive filters, are preferred if the signal noise distribution is unknown. One of the main challenges in Synthetic Biology remains the design of reliable constructs but these often fail to work as intended due, e.g. to their inherent stochasticity and burden on the host. Here we design, implement and test experimentally a biological feedback filter module based on small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) and self-cleaving ribozymes. Mathematical modelling demonstrates that it attenuates noise for a large range of parameters due to negative feedback introduced by the use of ribozymes and sRNA. Our module modifies the steady-state response of the filtered signal, and hence can be used for tuning the feedback strength while also reducing noise. We demonstrated these properties theoretically on the TetR autorepressor, enhanced with our sRNA module.
The Potential Sex Determination Genes, Sox9a and Cyp19a, in Walleye Pollock (Gadus Chalcogrammus) Are Influenced by Water Temperature

Our aim was to study the relationship between the sex-determining genes, sox9a and cyp19a, and water temperature in Gadus chalcogrammus. We assessed the sex ratio based on the expression levels of sox9a and cyp19a at different water temperatures (5, 8, 11, and 14 °C) and at different stages of walleye pollock development (embryos, larvae, and juveniles). Next, we used immature walleye pollock to assess sox9a expression in males and cyp19a and vitellogenin (VTG) expression in females at different water temperatures. Males expressed sox9a in the gonadal tissues, while females expressed cyp19a in the gonadal tissues and VTG in the blood plasma. In the first experiment, cyp19a expression was higher at 5 °C and 8 °C, and sox9a expression was higher at 11 and 14 °C. In the second experiment, sox9a expression remained relatively stable, but cyp19a expression decreased with increasing temperature, decreasing significantly after 14 °C. Similar patterns were also observed for VTG expression. These results indicate that lower water temperatures increase cyp19a expression, which increases the female ratio. Higher water temperatures increase sox9a expression, which increases the male ratio. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of the sex-determining genes and the influence of water temperature.
Exponential trajectories, cell size fluctuations and the adder property in bacteria follow from simple chemical dynamics and division control

Experiments on steady state bacterial cultures have uncovered several quantitative regularities at the system level. These include, first, the exponential growth of cell size with time and the balanced growth of intracellular chemicals between cell birth and division, which are puzzling given the nonlinear and decentralized chemical dynamics in the cell. We model a cell as a set of chemical populations undergoing nonlinear mass action kinetics in a container whose volume is a linear function of the chemical populations. This turns out to be a special class of dynamical system that generically has attractors in which all populations grow exponentially with time at the same rate. This explains exponential balanced growth of bacterial cells without invoking any regulatory mechanisms and suggests that this could be a robust property of protocells as well. Second, we consider the hypothesis that cells commit themselves to division when a certain internal chemical population reaches a threshold of N molecules. We show that this hypothesis leads to a simple explanation of some of the variability observed across cells in a bacterial culture. In particular it reproduces the adder property of cell size fluctuations observed recently in E. coli, the observed correlations between interdivision time, birth volume and added volume in a generation, and the observed scale of the fluctuations (CV ~ 10-30%) when N lies between 10 and 100. Third, upon including a suitable regulatory mechanism that optimizes the growth rate of the cell, the model reproduces the observed bacterial growth laws including the dependence of the growth rate and ribosomal protein fraction on the medium. Thus, the models provide a framework for unifying diverse aspects of bacterial growth physiology under one roof. They also suggest new questions for experimental and theoretical enquiry.
Multilevel Indexing Approach for Multimedia Deduplication for Cloud Data Outsourcing Environment

: Cloud computing has gained more popularity in the world as it helps store and retrieve the data anywhere in the world. Data deduplication is a technique for wiping out copy of duplicates. In this procedure a comparison of blocks of the same of different images is done against the original copy. This paper is based on storing the multimedia data files like image, text, video, audio etc. in the cloud using DICE protocol. The DICE protocol helps to divide the data into number of blocks based on the size of the files. This also helps to store Near Identical data in the cloud only once instead storing it multiple times by dividing the files into blocks and providing unique hash code to each blocks but multimedia data which of larger files are not given much attention in this paper. Multilevel indexing is the technique used to ease the process of comparing the hash codes of the blocks. Storing the data in the cloud helps to increase the storage time, capacity of the files and provides more security.