Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Nursing Care at Governmental Hospitals, Ha’il City, Saudi Arabia

This study examines patient satisfaction with nurses’ quality of care across three tertiary hospitals in Ha’il Region, Saudi Arabia. The objectives were to establish patients’ satisfaction through one survey and rate nurses’ job performance through another, surveying unit head nurses. A quantitative research design was selected based on a 5-point Likert scale. Assessment of the staff nurses’ job performance by unit head nurses and nurse supervisors was conducted using the Ministry of Health’s 46-item questionnaire in English and Arabic for Saudi and non-Saudi staff. Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire (PSNCQQ) was used to measure patient satisfaction and comprised of 22 items based on the quality of care given by staff nurses that were translated in Arabic. All the instruments were rated on a 5-point Likert scale by head nurses and patients respectively. Reliability tests were conducted on the instrument. A total of 90 Saudi and non-Saudi head nurses and 87 Saudi patients were surveyed using convenience sampling over a two-month period in 2015. Questionnaires were administered through the Office of the Continuing Nursing Education (CNE) of the Nursing Service Department that were collected and encoded by three faculty research assistants of Medical and Surgical Department of the College of Nursing. Standard procedures for data collection and storage were employed for the protection of respondents’ information. This study has revealed a very good level of quality of nursing care in terms of the high ratings on nurses’ job performance in the wards and patient satisfaction. Statistically significant results were found between patient satisfaction and marital status, health before admission, and size of ward. Significant results were also found between staff nurses’ job performance and the means of admission, and prior admittance. Overall, the quality of healthcare in a tertiary setting in Ha’il region can be reflected by the performance of the three hospitals in the surveys of staff nurses and patient satisfaction. In addition, this also shows that standard of care imposed by the Ministry of Health remains to be met. However, regular surveying should be undertaken to ensure its continuity. Strategic plans for continuous quality improvements should be focused on the physical set-up of the hospitals in terms of ward size; admission procedures including patient experience during admission; training and support for nursing staff; and a family-oriented healthcare since the majority of patients are married. Keywords: Patient Satisfaction, Quality of Nursing Care, Saudi Arabia
Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Influence Mount St. Helens Pioneer Species in Greenhouse Experiments

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) are present in most terrestrial ecosystems and play a major role in community structure and function. However, their role in primary succession remains poorly understood. Two greenhouse studies examined the role of VAM in Mount St. Helens pioneer species under three nutrient regimes and four competitive scenarios. Nutrient levels were complete, complete without phosphorus (- P), and tap water (very low nutrient levels). In tap water a negative effect from VAM colonization was observed perhaps due to parasitic action of the VAM fungi. A weak but apparent benefit from VAM occurred in the -P treatment since plants in the -P treatment were usually not less in biomass than those in the complete nutrient treatment and VAM colonization levels were greater in the -P treatment. VAM colonization was more beneficial to plants under the complete nutrient treatment than under the tap water treatment. VAM assisted the facultatively mycotrophic Hypochaeris radicata in competition with the non-mycotrophic Carex mertensii. Lack of VAM improved the competitive ability of Carex mertensii when in competition with facultatively mycotrophic species. However, VAM did not significantly influence competitive outcomes between facultatively mycotrophic species.
How Does Solar Attenuation Depth Affect the Ocean Mixed Layer? Water Turbidity and Atmospheric Forcing Impacts on the Simulation of Seasonal Mixed Layer Variability in the Turbid Black Sea*

A fine-resolution ( 3.2 km) Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) is used to investigate the impact of solar radiation attenuation with depth on the predictions of monthly mean sea surface height (SSH), mixed layer depth (MLD), buoyancy and heat fluxes, and near-sea surface circulation as well. The model uses spatially and temporally varying attenuation of photosynthetically available radiation ( kPAR) climatologies as processed from the remotely sensed Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) to take water turbidity into account in the Black Sea. An examination of the kPAR climatology reveals a strong seasonal cycle in the water turbidity, with a basin-averaged annual climatological mean value of 0.19 m21 over the Black Sea. Climatologically forced HYCOM simulations demonstrate that shortwave radiation below the mixed layer can be quite different based on the water turbidity, thereby affecting prediction of upper-ocean quantities in the Black Sea. The clear water constant solar attenuation depth assumption results in relatively deeper MLD (e.g., 115 m in winter) in comparison to standard simulations due to the unrealistically large amount of shortwave radiation below the mixed layer, up to 100 W m22 during April to October. Such unrealistic sub‐mixed layer heating causes weaker stratification at the base of the mixed layer. The buoyancy gain associated with high solar heating in summer effectively stabilizes the upper ocean producing shallow mixed layers and elevated SSH over the most of the Black Sea. In particular, the increased stability resulting from the water turbidity reduces vertical mixing in the upper ocean and causes changes in surface-layer currents, especially in the easternmost part of the Black Sea. Monthly mean SSH anomalies from the climatologically forced HYCOM simulations were evaluated against a monthly mean SSH anomaly climatology, which was constructed using satellite altimeter data from TOPEX/ Poseidon (T/P), Geosat Follow-On (GFO), and the Earth Remote Sensing Satellite-2(ERS-2) over 1993‐2002. Model‐data comparisons show that the basin-averaged root-mean-square (rms) difference is 4 cm between the satellite-based SSH climatology and that obtained from HYCOM simulations using spatial and temporal kPAR fields. In contrast, when all solar radiation is absorbed at the sea surface or clear water constant solar attenuation depth values of 16.7 m are used in the model simulations, the basin-averaged SSH rms difference with respect to the climatology is 6c m ( 50% more). This demonstrates positive impact from using monthly varying solar attenuation depths in simulating upper-ocean quantities in the Black Sea. The monthly mean kPAR and SSH anomaly climatologies presented in this paper can also be used for other Black Sea studies.
A comparative study of Type II-P and II-L supernova rise times as exemplified by the case of LSQ13cuw

We report on our findings based on the analysis of observations of the Type II-L supernova LSQ13cuw within the framework of currently accepted physical predictions of core-collapse supernova explosions. LSQ13cuw was discovered within a day of explosion, hitherto unprecedented for Type II-L supernovae. This motivated a comparative study of Type II-P and II-L supernovae with relatively well-constrained explosion epochs and rise times to maximum (optical) light. From our sample of twenty such events, we find evidence of a positive correlation between the duration of the rise and the peak brightness. On average, SNe II-L tend to have brighter peak magnitudes and longer rise times than SNe II-P. However, this difference is clearest only at the extreme ends of the rise time versus peak brightness relation. Using two different analytical models, we performed a parameter study to investigate the physical parameters that control the rise time behaviour. In general, the models qualitatively reproduce aspects of the observed trends. We find that the brightness of the optical peak increases for larger progenitor radii and explosion energies, and decreases for larger masses. The dependence of the rise time on mass and explosion energy is smaller than the dependence on the progenitor radius. We find no evidence that the progenitors of SNe II-L have significantly smaller radii than those of SNe II-P.
Microbiological Assessment of Indoor Air in Public Toilets across Selected Motor Parks in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria

Indoor air quality is defined as the quality of air within and around buildings and structures, and its significance especially in relation to health and comforts of occupants [1]. The quality of air inhaled by an individual within an environment in which the individual finds himself determines to a great extent, the wellbeing of that individuals [2]. In recent years, indoor air quality has become a topic of serious concern, since most people spend their indoors, either in their house, office, school or other public places, where they are exposed to some indoor microorganisms which have much effects on their health and physical condition [2].
System interactions of stormwater management using sustainable urban drainage systems and green infrastructure

This study explores system interactions of stormwater management solutions using Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SuDS) and Green Infrastructure (GI) within the wider urban landscape. A series of interdependencies between urban components relating to stormwater management are identified. These include physical interdependency, geographical interdependency, cyber interdependency and logical interdependency, as defined by Peerenboom (2001). Stormwater management using SuDS/GI are viewed according to their Hydrological, Ecological and the Built Environment functions during events up to the design rain (non-flood condition) and during controlled exceedance and uncontrolled inundation (flood condition). The inclusion of SuDS/GI into the urban fabric is shown to modify urban functional and relational interdependencies under both these conditions. Within the context of the UK, there are fragmented responsibilities across planning scales created by SuDS/GI solutions which have not addressed the relational complexities that exist between agencies and competent authorities. The paper identifies the key barriers towards effective adoption of SuDS/GI within the context of the UK as physical barriers, perception/information barriers and organisational barriers.
Consumer Behaviour: Theory and Empirical Evidence--A Survey

Book description: As economics becomes more diverse it is increasingly difficult for students to keep abreast of development throughout the subject and for researchers in one sub-discipline to be fully aware of advances in another. These surveys, originally published in the "Economic Journal", aim to provide an overview and synthesis of current work in the major fields of economics and point the way to future research.
Intraseasonal-to-Interannual Variability of South Indian Ocean Sea Level and Thermocline: Remote versus Local Forcing

AbstractThe relative importance of local versus remote forcing on intraseasonal-to-interannual sea level and thermocline variability of the tropical south Indian Ocean (SIO) is systematically examined by performing a suite of controlled experiments using an ocean general circulation model and a linear ocean model. Particular emphasis is placed on the thermocline ridge of the Indian Ocean (TRIO; 5°–12°S, 50°–80°E). On interannual and seasonal time scales, sea level and thermocline variability within the TRIO region is primarily forced by winds over the Indian Ocean. Interannual variability is largely caused by westward propagating Rossby waves forced by Ekman pumping velocities east of the region. Seasonally, thermocline variability over the TRIO region is induced by a combination of local Ekman pumping and Rossby waves generated by winds from the east. Adjustment of the tropical SIO at both time scales generally follows linear theory and is captured by the first two baroclinic modes. Remote forcing from t.
Carrier dynamics in bulk GaN

Carrier dynamics in hydride vapor phase epitaxy grown bulk GaN with very low density of dislocations, 5–8 × 105 cm−2, have been investigated by time-resolved photoluminescence (PL), free carrier absorption, and light-induced transient grating techniques in the carrier density range of 1015 to ∼1019 cm−3 under single and two photon excitation. For two-photon carrier injection to the bulk (527 nm excitation), diffusivity dependence on the excess carrier density revealed a transfer from minority to ambipolar carrier transport with the ambipolar diffusion coefficient Da saturating at 1.6 cm2/s at room temperature. An extremely long lifetime value of 40 ns, corresponding to an ambipolar diffusion length of 2.5 μm, was measured at 300 K. A nearly linear increase of carrier lifetime with temperature in the 80–800 K range and gradual decrease of D pointed out a prevailing mechanism of diffusion-governed nonradiative recombination due to carrier diffusive flow to plausibly the grain boundaries. Under single photon.
Taxongrab: Extracting Taxonomic Names from Text

Identification of organism names in biological texts is essential for the management of archival resources to facilitate comparative biological investigation. Because organism nomenclature conforms closely to prescribed rules, automated techniques may be useful for identifying organism names from existing documents, and may also support the completion of comprehensive indices of taxonomic names; such comprehensive lists are not yet available. Using a combination of contextual rules and a language lexicon, we have developed a set of simple computational techniques for extracting taxonomic names from biological text. Our proposed method consistently performs at greater than 96% Precision and 94% Recall, and at a much higher speed than manual extraction techniques. An implementation of the described method is available as a Web based tool written in PHP. Additionally, the PHP source code is available from SourceForge: http://sourceforge.net/projects/taxongrab, and the project website is http://research.amnh. org/informatics/taxlit/apps/.
Assignment of Starting Offsets of a Collision-Free Periodic Schedule

We handle a problem to assign the starting offsets of a collision-free schedule in a certain form called a well-formed gcd notation. Each activity in an activity set recurs with its own period. If more than one activity occurs at the same time slot, it is a collision. If a schedule can be constructed as a wellformed gcd notation, the schedule is known to be collision-free. In this paper, we introduce a well-formed gcd notation and present an algorithm to assign the starting offsets of a collision-free schedule.
Application of genetics and genomics to wildlife epidemiology

Wildlife diseases can have significant impacts on wildlife conservation and management. Many of the pathogens that affect wildlife also have important implications for domestic animal and human health. However, management interventions to prevent or control wildlife disease are hampered by uncertainties about the complex interactions between pathogens and free-ranging wildlife. We often lack crucial knowledge about host ecology, pathogen characteristics, and host–pathogen dynamics. The purpose of this review is to familiarize wildlife biologists and managers with the application of genetic and genomic methodologies for investigating pathogen and host biology to better understand and manage wildlife diseases. The genesis of this review was a symposium at the 2013 annual Wildlife Society Conference. We reviewed the scientific literature and used our personal experiences to identify studies that illustrate the application of genetic and genomic methods to advance our understanding of wildlife epidemiology, focusing on recent research, new techniques, and innovative approaches. Using examples from a variety of pathogen types and a broad array of vertebrate taxa, we describe how genetics and genomics can provide tools to detect and characterize pathogens, uncover routes of disease transmission and spread, shed light on the ways that disease susceptibility is influenced by both host and pathogen attributes, and elucidate the impacts of disease on wildlife populations. Genetic and increasingly genomic methodologies will continue to contribute important insights into pathogen and host biology that will aid efforts to assess and mitigate the impacts of wildlife diseases on global health and conservation of biodiversity. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Syddansk Universitet The relationship between child maltreatment and exposure to traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood Schouwenaars,

Objective: The present study investigated the relationship between different types of childhood maltreatment (emotional abuse, sexual abuse, multiple abuse types, and no abuse) and the occurrence of later traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood. Method: Data were collected from a Danish national study conducted by The Danish National Centre for Social Research in 2008 and 2009. A sample of 4718 young adults who were 24 years old was randomly selected using the total birth cohort of children born in 1984. A structured interview was conducted during which participants were asked about a range of traumatic and abusive experiences. Results: A response rate of 63% was achieved for a total sample size of 2980. Chi-squared analyses revealed significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and direct exposure to 10 of the 13 traumatic events; there were also significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and indirect exposure to 12 of the 13 traumatic events. Conclusion: The results showed that childhood maltreatment was associated with increased risk of exposure to traumatic events, both directly and indirectly, during adolescence and young adulthood. The findings of this study suggest there is an increased risk of being exposed to both direct and indirect traumas during later adolescence and young adulthood after any form of child maltreatment.
A practical approach for putting people in ecosystem‐based ocean planning

Marine and coastal ecosystems provide important benefits and services to coastal communities across the globe, but assessing the diversity of social relationships with oceans can prove difficult for conservation scientists and practitioners. This presents barriers to incorporating social dimensions of marine ecosystems into ecosystem-based planning processes, which can in turn affect the success of planning and management initiatives. Following a global assessment of social research and related planning practices in ocean environments, we present a step-by-step approach for natural resource planning practitioners to more systematically incorporate social data into ecosystem-based ocean planning. Our approach includes three sequential steps: (1) develop a typology of ocean-specific human uses that occur within the planning region of interest; (2) characterize the complexity of these uses, including the spatiotemporal variability, intensity, and diversity thereof, as well as associated conflicts and compati.
Working Paper BANK OF GREECE COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN EXCHANGE-RATE FORECASTING No . 49 November 2006

This paper applies computational intelligence methods to exchange rate forecasting. In particular, it employs neural network methodology in order to predict developments of the Euro exchange rate versus the U.S. Dollar and the Japanese Yen. Following a study of our series using traditional as well as specialized, non-parametric methods together with Monte Carlo simulations we employ selected Neural Networks (NNs) trained to forecast rate fluctuations. Despite the fact that the data series have been shown by the Rescaled Range Statistic (R/S) analysis to exhibit random behaviour, their internal dynamics have been successfully captured by certain NN topologies, thus yielding accurate predictions of the two exchange-rate series.
Nutritional evaluation of termite (Macrotermes subhyalinus) meal as animal protein supplements in the diets of Heterobranchus longifilis (Valenciennes, 1840) fingerlings

250 fingerlings of Heterobranchus longifilis had an average weight of 2.04±0.21 g were fed five crude protein 42.5% isonitrogenous experimental diets coded Tm1 - Tm5 were tested on the fingerlings. Termite meal was used to replace fish meal in the diets at 0% (Diet Tm1- control diet), 25% (Diet Tm2), 50% (Diet Tm3), 75% (Diet Tm4) and 100% termite meal inclusion levels (Diet Tm5). The experiment was in triplicates and the fingerlings were fed 5% body weight twice a day for 12 weeks. Termite meal had a crude protein of 46.3% and ash content of 3.6% while fish meal used has 71.5% crude protein and 18.2% ash and these differed significantly (P<0.05). The lipid content of 11.3% and 8.0% respectively for termite meal and fishmeal also differed significantly (P<0.05). The water stability of the experimental diets ranged between72.3%-76.9%. The highest mean weight gain of 9.6 g/fish, relative growth rate of 488.0% and specific growth rate of 0.9%/day were recorded in fish fed 50% termite meal inclusion diet. The feed striking time ranged between 5.0-6.0 second. The lowest feed conversion ratio of 2.9 and highest protein efficiency ratio of 0.8 were also recorded in fish fed 50% termite meal inclusion diet. The lowest incidence of cost (2.1), highest profit index (1.6) and best benefit cost ratio (1.2) were also from 50% termite meal diet. Based on the broken-line analysis, 50% inclusion levels of termite meal will yield the best result in a practical diet for H. longifilis fingerlings for a profitable and sustainable aquaculture venture.
Unravelling coherences in the FMO complex

The idea that excitonic state (electronic) coherences are of fundamental importance to natural photosynthesis gained popularity when, a decade ago, slowly dephasing quantum beats were observed in the two-dimensional electronic spectra of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex at 77 K. These were assigned to quantum superpositions of excitonic states; a controversial interpretation, as the spectral linewidths suggested fast dephasing arising from strong interactions with the environment. While it has been pointed out that vibrational motion produces similar spectral signatures, concrete assignment of these coherences to distinct physical processes is still lacking. Here we revisit the coherence dynamics of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex using polarization-controlled two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, supported by theoretical modelling. We show that the long-lived quantum beats originate exclusively from vibrational coherences, whereas electronic coherences dephase entirely within 240 fs even at 77 K - a timescale too short to play a significant role in light harvesting. Additionally, we demonstrate that specific vibrational coherences are excited via vibronically coupled states. The detection of vibronic coupling indicates the relevance of this phenomenon for photosynthetic energy transfer.