Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization Techniques for In-pipe Robots in Water Distribution Systems

In water distribution systems, in-line robots are designed to continuously access pipelines for water quality monitoring, leak detection, and visual inspection. However, these robots suffer from limits in the aspects of power supply, under-ground wireless communication, mechanism flexibility, actuator architecture, and control algorithms. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end methodology that lists the requirements and procedures to design and fabricate a new in-line robot with more capabilities. Wireless communication between a base station (BS) and the robot operating underground has been a challenge in the field of underground robot monitoring. We propose two solutions to address the shortcomings of underground wireless communication. In the first scenario, "two parallel robots" that communicate based on Magnetic Induction (MI) communication are presented. We simulate the proposed MI communication link based on a real operating condition. The simulation result shows the received signal power can be detected with a lock-in amplifier for a 1.4 m distance between primary and secondary coils. Also, we propose another wireless communication solution based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) with a 13.56 MHz carrier frequency and based on the ISO15693 standard. The mechanism of the RFID based wireless communication works is explained via an experimental setup. The experiment shows that the proposed setup can penetrate the harsh and dynamic environment of water. Also, the read range was measured around 10 cm, which is a safe range to avoid overlap for the nearby readers that might lead to confusion for the robot.
The Mediating Effects of Corporate Governance on the Relationship Between Opinion Audit and Audit Delay: A Study on Mining Companies Listed on IDX Period 2017 - 2018

Penelitian ini dipilih karena memiliki urgensi dan tujuan tertentu yaitu untuk mengetahui bahwa adanya efek mediasi corporate governance pada hubungan antara opini audit terdapat pengaruh terhadap audit delay. Audit delay merupakan terlambatnya di publikasikan laporan keuangan tahunan yang telah selesai di periksa oleh orang auditor sehingga auditor memberikan pendapat atau opini yang dapat di publikasi. Pengujian yang dilakukan menggunakan langkah pengambilan informasi dipakai ialah informasi dokumentasi yang diperoleh lewat situs antaralain www.idx. co.id. Pengujian yang dilaksanakan dengan cara mengamati laporan keuangan perusahaan pertambangan untuk mendapatkan data keseluruhan yang dibutuhkan dalam mengukur efek mediasi dari tata kelola perusahaan, opini audit dan delay suatu publikasi audit. Hasil uji penelitian yang sudah selesai dilaksanakan menunjukkan hasil statistic descriptive pada penelitian ini terkait karakteristik variable dalam penelitian. Terkait profitabilitas, didapati Audit Delay memiliki rata-rata 65.5 hari yang berada didalam masa 90 hari publikasi laporan audit perusahaan pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hal lain yang didapati adalah terkait variable independen, yaitu rata-rata nilai Opini Audit adalah 0.22 menandakan sebagian besar laporan audit memiliki pernyataan Qualified. Terkait tata kelola perusahaan pada proxy keseimbangan antara Dewan Komisaris Independen yang didapati bahwa /ukuran rata-rata PDKI adalah 35.89% yang berada diatas standard 30%. Dengan demikian hasil descriptive statistic menunjukkan secara rata-rata pelaksanaan audit delay, opinion audit dan corporate governance berada sesuai standard yang berlaku. Dengan hasil uji yang telah dilakukan juga, bahwa didapati tidak ada pengaruh Opini audit terhadap Audit delay sedangkan dengan adanya mediasi tata kelola atau disebut juga sebagai Corporate Governance terhadap Audit delay bahwa didapati pengaruh yang significant. Dengan demikian keberadaan Corporate Governance sepenuhnya memediasi pengaruh Audit Opinion terhadap Audit Delay. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk mengetahui efek mediasi dari tata kelola perusahaan pada hubungan antara audit opini dan delay audit pada usaha tambang yang termasuk golongan di BEI tahun 2017-2018. Pengujian ini memakai data sekunder berupa annual report atau laporan tahunan dari usaha tambang yang terdaftar di BEI selama 2 tahun. Sampel sejumlah 9 perusahaan dari perusahaan tambang tercatat pada Bursa Efek pada orde 2017-2018. Sistem pemutusan contoh yang dipakai ialah Sampel Purposive.
Structural chromosome polymorphism in a Pimelodus maculatus La Cepède, 1803 population (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from the Paranapanema River Basin, PR, Brazil

Abstract In the present cytogenetic study of Pimelodus maculatus , 13 specimens (8 males and 5 females) from the Congonhas Stream in Parana State, Brazil, were examined using conventional staining. All of them showed a karyotype of 2n = 56, with a chromosome distribution of 20m + 20sm + 10st + 6a. However, four individuals (2 males and 2 females) were found to have a variant karyotype (cytotype) with two heteromorphic chromosomes in the group of submetacentric chromosomes - one of them corresponds to the second largest chromosome of this group and the other is a chromo-some of small size. This variation suggests the existence of a structural polymorphism in the studied population. Keywords: Pimelodus , Pimelodidae, polymorphism, cytotype. Polimorfismo cromossomico estrutural em uma populacao de Pimelodus maculatus La Cepede, 1803 (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) da bacia do Rio Paranapanema, PR, Brasil Resumo No presente estudo citogenetico, foram analisados, mediante coloracao convencional, 13 exemplares de
Getting to know Data Mining

—Conventionally the term “mining” refers to the process of extraction of useful material from the surface of the earth, e.g. iron ore mining, gold mining etc. But concerning Computer Science it not only refers to the extraction of useful information from raw data or data warehouse but also the identification of patterns, finding anomalies and correlation with the large volume of data. This would help us to predict the outcome; hence making data mining also known as Knowledge Discovery or Knowledge Extraction. This paper surveys the basic concept of data mining, architecture, process flow, and emphasize data mining tools, application of data mining in various fields and challenges.
PAPC couples the segmentation clock to somite morphogenesis by regulating N-cadherin-dependent adhesion

CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not. 2 SUMMARY Vertebrate segmentation is characterized by the periodic formation of epithelial somites from the mesenchymal presomitic mesoderm (PSM). How the rhythmic signaling pulse delivered by the Segmentation Clock is translated into the periodic morphogenesis of somites remains poorly understood. Here, we focused on the role of Paraxial protocadherin (PAPC/Pcdh8) in this process. We show that in chicken and mouse embryos, PAPC expression is tightly regulated by the Clock and Wavefront system in the posterior PSM. We observed that PAPC exhibits a striking complementary pattern to N-Cadherin (CDH2), marking the interface of the future somite boundary in the anterior PSM. Gain and loss of function of PAPC in chicken embryos disrupt somite segmentation by altering the CDH2-dependent epithelialization of PSM cells. Our data suggest that clathrin-mediated endocytosis is increased in PAPC expressing cells, subsequently affecting CDH2 internalization in the anterior compartment of the future somite. This in turn generates a differential adhesion interface, allowing formation of the acellular fissure that defines the somite boundary. Thus periodic expression of PAPC downstream of the Segmentation Clock triggers rhythmic endocytosis of CDH2, allowing for segmental de-adhesion and individualization of somites.
Efficient Implementation of Convolution and Winograd on ASMP Embedded Multicore Vector Processor

Efficient inference of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a challenging task and design choices heavily rely on the target context and size of the CNN model. Many devices are available, each one targeting a specific class of application. The most famous ones target the server-side of cloud applications and some focus on embedded applications. In this paper we show how to exploit the low-level hardware features of an embedded multicore called STxP70 ASMP, each core being equipped with a vector coprocessor. This work shows how to adapt the algorithm to the platform and vice-versa, and provides an original algo rithmic transform to optimize internal resources. Experiments are made to study the effect of numerous design parameters and CNN configurations. The results show the benefits of the proposed strategy and outline the low-level hardware features required to further optimize CNN inference.
Automatic railroad track components inspection using real‐time instance segmentation

In the United States, to ensure railroad safety and keep its efficient operation, regular track inspections on track component defects are required by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). Various types of inspection equipment are applied, such as ground penetrating radar, laser, and LiDAR, but they are usually very expensive and require extensive training and rich experience to operate. To date, track inspections still rely heavily on manual inspections which are low‐efficiency, subjective, and not as accurate as desired, especially for missing and broken track components, such as spikes, clips, and tie plates. To address this issue, a real‐time pixel‐level rail components detection framework to inspect tracks timely and accurately is proposed in this study. The first public rail components image database, including rails, spikes, and clips, is built and released online. A real‐time pixel‐level detection framework with improved real‐time instance segmentation models is developed. The improved models leverage fast object detection and highly accurate instance segmentation. Backbones with more granular levels and receptive fields are implemented in the proposed models. Compared with the original YOLACT and Mask R‐CNN models, the proposed models are able to: (1) achieve 59.9 bbox mAP, and 63.6 mask mAP with the customized dataset, which are higher than the other models and (2) achieve a real‐time speed which is over 30 FPS processing a high‐resolution video (1,080 × 1,092) with a single GPU. The fast processing speed can quickly turn inspection videos into useful information to assist track maintenance. The railroad track components image dataset can be accessed at https://github.com/jonguo111/Rail_components_image_data
A new species Aphodius geomynidomus n. sp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) from burrows of the pocket gopher, Geomys arenarius Merriam 1895 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Geomyidae) in El Paso, Texas

This paper reports a new species of coleopteran of family Scarabaeidae from far western Texas in the vicinity of El Paso, Texas. Aphodius geomynidomus n. sp. lives as a commensal symbiotic inquiline in the nest chambers of the pocket gopher, Geomys arenarius Merriam 1895 [4]. It is distinguished from the nearest congeneric species by morphological features including sculpture of the head, shape of the male genitalia and adentate condition of the clypeus.
Objective (Real-world) Motion Responses in Scene Responsive Regions

We perceive scenes as stable even when eye movements induce retinal motion, for example during pursuit of a moving object. Mechanisms mediating perceptual stability have primarily been examined in motion regions of the dorsal visual pathway. Here we examined whether motion responses in human scene regions are encoded in eye- or world centered reference frames. We recorded brain responses in human participants using fMRI while they performed a well-controlled visual pursuit paradigm previously used to examine dorsal motion regions. In addition, we examined effects of content by using either natural scenes or their Fourier scrambles. We found that parahippocampal place area (PPA) responded to motion only in world- but not in eye-centered coordinates, regardless of scene content. The occipital place area (OPA) responded to both, objective and retinal motion equally, and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) had no motion responses but responded to pursuit. Only PPA’s objective motion responses were higher during scenes than scrambled images, although there was a similar trend in OPA. These results indicate a special role of PPA in representing its content in real-world coordinates. Our results question a strict subdivision of dorsal “what” and ventral “where” streams, and suggest a role of PPA in contributing to perceptual stability.
Effects of Groove Feature on Shear Behavior of Steel-Sand Interface

Surface groove morphology of structure and particle distribution of soil had a significant effect on the surface friction of structure. In order to investigate the interface shear stress-shear displacement curves, interface model and interface shear strength index when normal stress, groove width, and groove angle change, the interface shear tests of standard sand with steel plates are performed using an improved direct shear apparatus. Test results indicate that the peak shear stress increases with normal stress and the intersection angle between groove direction and shear direction. When the angle increases by 45°, the peak shear stress increases range from 4% to 13%. The peak shear stress increases with groove width, for every 1 mm increase in groove width, and the increasing extent of peak shear stress ranges from 4% to 22%, 3% to 13%, and 1% to 6%, respectively. When the groove angle is 45° and 90°, the increasing extent of peak shear stress decreases with groove width, but when the groove angle is 0°, the decrease regularity of peak shear stress increasing extent is not obvious. The hyperbolic model and Gompertz-C model are used to study the shear stress-shear displacement curves of sand-steel interface. The ratio of the interface peak shear stress of the hyperbolic model and Gompertz-C model to that of the shear test ranges from 0.90 to 1.03 and 0.88 to 0.98, respectively. The interface friction angle at the sand-steel interface ranges from 22° to 29°, and the friction angle of the rough interface is larger than that of the smooth interface. The interface friction angle increases with the intersection angle between the groove direction and the shear direction, the largest at 90°, the second at 45°, and the smallest at 0°. Under the same groove angle, the interface friction angle increases with the groove width, for every 1 mm increase in groove width, and the increasing extent of interface friction angle ranges from 4% to 15%, 4% to 7%, and 2% to 3%, respectively. The increasing extent of interface friction angle decreases with groove width, and this change rule is more obvious at the groove angle of 45° and 90° than at 0°.
Impact of Information Sharing Modes on the Dual-Channel Closed Loop Supply Chains Under Different Power Structures

In this paper, we develop game-theoretic models regarding dual-channel closed loop supply chain (CLSC) to identify whether the retailer has incentives to share private demand information with the manufacturer and/or the collector, and how different information sharing modes influence the chain members’ operational performances under different channel power structures. Given that the collector recycles used products, four information sharing modes (i.e., no information sharing, information sharing with the manufacturer, information sharing with the collector, and information sharing with both the manufacturer and the collector) are examined in the manufacturer Stackelberg and collector Stackelberg supply chains, respectively. We find that the retailer’s sharing information behavior always benefits for the collector and the entire supply chain. The retailer, however, has no incentive to share demand information voluntarily. As for the manufacturer, the retailer’s sharing information behavior always benefits him in the collector Stackelberg scenario, while may hurt him in the manufacturer Stackelberg scenario. Furthermore, the impact of channel power structure in the four information sharing modes is also discussed. The results show that the manufacturer Stackelberg model or the collector Stackelberg model may be the better structure for chain members depending on the retailer’s demand forecast accuracy.
Advances in the fundamental cryobiology of mammalian oocytes

BACKGROUND: Knowing osmotic tolerance limits is important in the design of optimal cryopreservation procedures for cells. METHODS: Mature human oocytes were exposed to anisosmotic sucrose solutions at concentrations of 35, 75, 150, 600, 1200, or 2400 (± 5) milliosmolal (mOsm) at 37° C. A control treatment at 280 mOsm was also utilized. Oocytes were randomly allocated to each experimental treatment. After the treatment, the oocytes were cultured for 1 hour, then fixed in cold methanol. Immunocytochemical staining and fluorescence microscopy were used to assess the morphology of the metaphase II (MII) spindle. Logistic regression was used to determine if media osmolality had a significant effect on spindle structure. RESULTS: Osmolality was a significant predictor of spindle morphology. Hyposmotic effects at 35, 75, and 150 mOsm resulted in 100, 67, and 56 percent of oocytes having abnormal spindles, respectively. Hyperosmotic effects at 600, 1200, and 2400 mOsm resulted in 44, 44, and 100 percent of the spindles with abnormal structure, respectively.
Cross-pollination response in 'Arbequina' olive

Cross-pollination response in olive varies according to the genotype, environment and management. The index of self-incompatibility (ISI) measures such cross-pollination response in terms of fruit set. Here, we present the comparison of ISI values of ‘Arbequina’ trees located in two different sites (Tabernas and La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain) and years (2002 and 2003). The results show that cross-pollination response differed extraordinarily depending on the site and the year. ISI in La Canada was 0.03, while in Tabernas, ISI was 1.51 (year 2002) and 0.69 (year 2003) which allows classifying ‘Arbequina’ either as totally self-incompatible (La Canada) or as self-compatible (Tabernas). No clear relation could be established among ISI values and parameters linked to flowering intensity and quality. At this regard, flowering levels measured by the number of inflorescences per node and quality estimated by the percentage of fertile inflorescence did not differ among locations and years. Nonetheless, ‘Arbequina’ trees located in La Canada de San Urbano (ISI=0.03) produced more flowers per panicle (p=0.05) and presented a lower percentage of hermaphrodite flowers (p=0.06); both parameters were negatively related (r=-0.73, p<0.01). Cross-pollination response of individual ‘Arbequina’ trees was positively related to the number of flowers per inflorescence fitting an exponential curve (r2=0.37, p<0.05). The results confirm that cross-pollination response in olive is extremely variable even for a single genotype and suggest that this variability is linked to flower fertility.
Studies on transcription in Escherichia coli

The expression of genes is tightly controlled, predominantly at the point of transcription. RNA polymerase (RNAP) must first bind to a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) promoter upstream of a gene to transcribe it. However, the ability of RNAP binding is dictated by the core promoter DNA sequence, the presence of transcription activator or repressor proteins and numerous other factors. The strength of promoters has been indirectly measured. Only a few studies have attempted to directly address the RNAP flux through transcription units, and further studies are still required. In the current study, the aim was to directly correlate RNAP gene transcription with the strength of core promoter elements. To do that, I employed the direct method of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by quantification of immunoprecipitated DNA. For promoter regions, this method directly measures the occupancy by RNAP; for regions within transcription units, the flux of the RNAP was deduced. A range of semisynthetic promoters, with different combinations of core promoter elements to obtain different levels of expression, was used to validate our method. This direct method enabled the calculation of “promoter competitivity”, “promoter occupancy index” (POI), RNAP “escape index” (EI), “fragment occupancy percentage” (FOP) and the time interval between transcribing RNAPs (Tint). On the basis of Tint, the number of RNAPs crossing any DNA sequence of interest per second (polymerase per second; PoPS) was calculated. Surprisingly, the results of the present study revealed that the RNAPs are well separated during transcription of the \(lac\) operon.
The genus Rhinoglena (Rotifera, Monogononta, Ephiphanidae) in North America, with the description of two new species

Based on material from aquatic habitats in the northern Chihuahuan Desert and a literature review, we present an account on the occurrence of genus Rhinoglena in North America. Two new species are described, and the presence of Rhinoglena frontalis in the USA is confirmed. Of the two new species, R. texana n. sp. is a close relative of R. frontalis , whereas R. ovigera n. sp. is unique by being oviparous, in contrast to all other Rhinoglena which are viviparous. This prompts a revision of the generic diagnosis of Rhinoglena to accommodate the new species. An identification key to the known species of the genus is provided.
Traffic Status Prediction of Arterial Roads Based on the Deep Recurrent Q-Learning

With the exponential growth of traffic data and the complexity of traffic conditions, in order to effectively store and analyse data to feed back valid information, this paper proposed an urban road traffic status prediction model based on the optimized deep recurrent Q-Learning method. The model is based on the optimized Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to handle the explosive growth of Q-table data, which not only avoids the gradient explosion and disappearance but also has the efficient storage and analysis. The continuous training and memory storage of the training sets are used to improve the system sensitivity, and then, the test sets are predicted based on the accumulated experience pool to obtain high-precision prediction results. The traffic flow data from Wanjiali Road to Shuangtang Road in Changsha City are tested as a case. The research results show that the prediction of the traffic delay index is within a reasonable interval, and it is significantly better than traditional prediction methods such as the LSTM, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), exponential smoothing method, and Back Propagation (BP) neural network, which shows that the model proposed in this paper has the feasibility of application.