Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies of reactions of importance in the stratosphere. II. Reactions involving chlorine nitrate and chlorine dioxide

The rate of formation of chlorine nitrate, ClO+NO2+M→ClONO2+M, has been studied over the temperature range 250–356 °K and the pressure range 1–5 torr using the discharge flow technique with mass spectrometry for detection. The resulting low pressure third order reaction rate constant in N2 is given by the Arrhenius expression kN2=4.40±0.66 ×10−33 exp(1087±70/T)cm6 molecule−2 sec−1. Helium was found to be one‐half as effective as N2 as a third body for this reaction. No reaction of ClONO2 with NO, NO2, O3, or HCl could be observed. Upper limits of 4. ×10−17, 2. ×10−17, 7. ×10−17, and 1.2×10−15 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 for the respective bimolecular reaction rate constants preclude the importance of these reactions as sinks for ClONO2 in the stratosphere. A heterogeneous reaction, ClONO2+HClsurface→HONO2+Cl2, was observed, and may be useful as a selective reaction for the measurement of chlorine nitrate in the stratosphere. An upper limit of 10−16 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 was found for the reaction ClO+O3→OClO+O2 and .
Behavioural Cynicism and Employee Commitment in Food, Beverage and Tobacco Companies in Port Harcourt Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between behavioural cynicism and employee commitment of the food, beverage and tobacco companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary source of data was generated through a selfadministered questionnaire. The study adopted the correlational research design. A total population for the fourteen companies was one thousand and ninety-three (1093) workers. A sample size of 292 was determined using Taro Yamen’s formula. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics. The result showed that behavioural cynicism negatively and significantly influences affective, normative and continuance commitment in the food, beverage and tobacco companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria respectively. The study concludes that emotional cynicism negatively and significantly impacts on employee commitment in food, beverage and tobacco companies in Port Harcourt. The study therefore recommends that the food, beverage and tobacco companies should adopt organizational cynicism avoidance mechanisms as this will increase employees’ commitment.
ELICITING PREFERENCES OVER LIFE AND DEATH: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

Optimal allocation of scarce, life-saving medical treatment depends on society’s preferences over bundles of survival times, governed by notions of equality and efficiency. In a novel experiment, I elicit preferences over survival time distributions in incentivized, life-or-death decisions. Subjects allocate an organ transplant among real cats with kidney failure. In each choice, subjects allocate a single organ based on the expected survival of each patient. The survival rates imply a price ratio, allowing me to infer the shape of indifference curves over survival bundles. I find that the vast majority (80%) of subjects respond to increases in total expected survival time, while a small minority display Leontief preferences, providing the transplant to the shortest-lived patient at all price ratios. Hypothetical decisions may not be reliable in this context: a large share (46%) of subjects allocate a hypothetical transplant differently than a real transplant, though estimates of aggregate preferences are the same across incentivized and unincentivized conditions. Finally, I show that aversion to wealth inequality is a good predictor of aversion to survival inequality.
Carbon dioxide removal through enhanced weathering of basalt on agricultural land –Assessing the potential in Austria

Enhanced weathering through basalt application on agricultural land represents a proposed strategy for the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It has been shown that enhanced weathering is principally feasible on a global scale, but it remains unclear whether it can be implemented on a local level. This information is however vital, to evaluate, if enhanced weathering should be further considered as a factor to alleviate the impact of the climate crisis. With this in mind, this article reviews of the current state of research and estimates the potential for CO2 removal on regional scale through a case study for Austria. Scenarios are estimated for three different particle size distributions (< 100 μm, < 10 μm and < 1 μm). Transport related emissions may cancel out any drawdown if grain sizes (< 100 μm) are used. However, under optimal transport conditions the largescale application of particles with a diameter < 10 μm may remove about 2% of Austria's annual Greenhouse gas emissions. We discuss challenges towards this goal, including the enormous amounts of basalt needed and the energy requirement related to grinding, as well as uncertainties related to actual field weathering rates. Those uncertainties hinder the precise quantification of CO2 drawdown as of now. While enhanced weathering remains a promising path for climate change mitigation, further research at laboratory and field scale is required to put this technology to optimal use.
AN OPTIMIZED ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTING THE VORONOI SKELETON

The skeleton-based representation is widely used in such fields as computer graphics, computer vision and image processing. Therefore, efficient algorithms for computing planar skeletons are of high relevance. In this paper, we propose an optimized algorithm for computing the Voronoi skeleton of a planar object with holes, which is represented by a set of polygons. Such skeleton allows us to use efficiently the properties of the underlying Voronoi diagram data structure. It was shown that the complexity of the proposed Voronoi-based skeletonization algorithm is O(N log N), where N is the number of polygon’s vertices. We have also proposed theoretically justified optimization heuristic based on polygon/polyline simplification algorithms. In order to evaluate and prove the efficiency of the heuristic, a series of computational experiments were conducted involving the polygons obtained from MPEG 7 CE-Shape-1 dataset. We have measured the execution time of the skeletonization algorithm, computational overheads related to the introduced heuristics and also the influence of the heuristic onto accuracy of the resulting skeleton. As a result, we have established the criteria, which allow us to choose the optimal heuristics for our skeletonization algorithm depending on the system’s requirements.
THE IMPACT OF BANKING CONCENTRATION ON INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN JORDAN

This paper aims to investigate the impact of banking concentration on investment and economic growth for the Jordanian economy. It utilizes annual sample for the period between 1980 and 2018. The study examines the effectiveness of the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) hypothesis and the other Efficient-Structure (ES) hypothesis for the case of Jordan. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and cointegration tests are used and the results indicate to the appropriateness of the following econometric techniques: Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound test (ARDL), the fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and generalized methods of moments (GMM). The estimation results indicated to negative relationship between concentration index and both investment spending and the rate of real economic growth. The study recommended that the Central Bank of Jordan should continue to allow new banks to enter the banking market to reduce the impact of concentration as much as possible to achieve competitive gains in the Jordanian banking sector.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STUDIES ON PHYTO FILTRATION OF HEAVY METALS BY CERTAIN INDIGENOUS PLANTS

Plant samples were separately harvested after 7, 21 and 30 days to analyse for growth rate and metal content. The experiments were set up in triplicate for each condition.The uptake of heavy metals can be estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer by digesting the harvested plant parts in a suitable medium. Medium for digestion is a challenge and trial and error method has conducted for that. By knowing the concentration of heavy metal accumulated in root, shoot and aerial part the bio concentration factor and the translocation factor can be calculated.
Optical properties of (PEG-TiO2) nanocomposities

In this research, the optical properties for (PEG-TiO 2 ) nanocompositeshave been studied. For this purpose, solutions were prepared with different percentage (0.05 and 0.1) wt. %of (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles. Experimental results for optical properties show that the electronic transitions were indirect, the values of the energy gap has been found, it decreases with the increase of the concentration of the additive. The optical constants absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary dielectric constant have all been measured and it was found out that all these constants increase with the increase of the concentration of (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles.  2016 Trade Science Inc. INDIA
High expression levels of RUNX2 and HER2 indicate a poor prognosis in breast cancer tissues with calcification

Objective: To study the expressions of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer tissues with calcification and their correlation with clinical features and prognosis. Methods: A total of 712 breast cancer patients were selected for this prospective study, including 320 breast cancer patients with calcified foci (Calcification group) and 392 breast cancer patients without (Noncalcification group). The expression levels of RUNX2 and HER2 were detected and quantified by immunohistochemical staining and qRT-PCR after surgery. Furthermore, the correlation between their expression level and the clinical features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer with calcification were analyzed. Results: The positive rates of HER2 and RUNX2 expression in breast cancer patients with calcification were significantly higher than those without (P<0.05). High grade; T category, M category, and N category were associated with the high mRNA expression levels of RUNX2 and HER2 (P<0.05). The overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with positive expression of RUNX2 and HER2 was notably lower than those of patients with negative expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: RUNX2 and HER2 were highly expressed in breast cancer patients with calcification, and as such they may be good biomarkers indicting a poor prognosis for patients with breast cancer.
Introducing pulsed electric field treatments for fruit juices industry in Egypt as an alternative of thermal pasteurization

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency test of a laboratory scale of pulsed electric field (PEF) device, on strawberry juices treated in a batch system. strength was (18.5 kV/cm for 500 μs at 100 Hz) for 60 sec. or 90 seconds as alternative physical and non-thermal method compared with those of thermal traditional method of pasteurization used Indirect heating by double jacket suit at (90 о C / 5 min) and unprocessed juice (Fresh juice) as a reference (Control) was studied in terms of effect of these treatments’ physico-chemical characteristics, (TSS, pH, acidity and color), ascorbic acid, microbial stability and shelf life, of treated strawberry juices. After treatments and whether storage at room temperature at (22°C ±3) for 45 days or in refrigerator at (4°C ±1) for 105 days. Pulsed electric field device subject of study was effective as thermal pasteurization not only to achieve microbial stability juices, but also to obtain juices with a high content of vitamin C like fresh, perfectly.
Antioxidant responses to drought and salinity in Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

Drought and salinity are amongst the most damaging environmental stressors that can affect a plant's life cycle, from germination to senescence. In the present study were analysed the responses to salinity and drought in greenhouse-controlled conditions of two varieties of Lavandula angustifolia. Three-month-old lavender seedlings were subjected to water deficit and salt stress (100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl) during a 30-day period. Complementing a previous analysis focused on stress tolerance mechanisms based on the regulation of ion transport and the synthesis of osmolytes, we have now evaluated the effects of the water deficit and salt treatments on the generation of secondary oxidative stress, by measuring malondialdehyde levels, and the activation of antioxidant systems, both non-enzymatic and enzymatic, determining total phenolic compounds and flavonoids contents and calculating superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase specific activities, respectively, in extracts of control and stressed plants. The results obtained confirm that both lavender varieties react in the same way to the applied stress treatments, activating the same antioxidant responses. However, some differences were observed when comparing the specific mechanisms triggered by each type of stress. Thus, the oxidative stress induced under drought conditions was counteracted by accumulation of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, without apparent involvement of antioxidant enzymes. Salt stress, on the other hand, in addition to an increase in flavonoid levels also induced superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. These antioxidant responses are likely to contribute to the relatively high tolerance (as compared to most crops) of lavender to drought and salinity.
An Authorized Auditing Scheme for Identity-Based Integrity to Hide Confidential In foon Data Sharing with Cloud Storage

—With cloud storage services, users can remotely store their data to the cloud and realize the data sharing with others. Remote data integrity auditing is proposed to guarantee the integrity of the data stored in the cloud. In some common cloud storage systems such as the electronic health records system, the cloud ﬁle might contain some sensitive information. The sensitive information should not be exposed to others when the cloud ﬁle is shared. Encrypting the whole shared ﬁle can realize the sensitive information hiding, but will make this shared ﬁle unable to be used by others. How to realize data sharing with sensitive information hiding in remote data integrity auditing still has not been explored up to now. In order to address this problem, we propose a remote data integrity auditing scheme that realizes data sharing with sensitive information hiding in this paper. In this scheme, a sanitizer is used to sanitize the data blocks corresponding to the sensitive information of the ﬁle and transforms these data blocks’ signatures into valid ones for the sanitized ﬁle. These signatures are used to verify the integrity of the sanitized ﬁle in the phase of integrity auditing. As a result, our scheme makes the ﬁle stored in the cloud able to be shared and used by others on the condition that the sensitive information is hidden, while the remote data integrity auditing is still able to be efﬁciently executed. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme is based on identity-based cryptography, which simpliﬁes the complicated certiﬁcate management. The security analysis and the performance evaluation show that the proposed scheme is secure and efﬁcient.
Magnetic activity and orbital parameters of CC Com based on photometric data, LAMOST low- and medium-resolution spectra

In this paper, we present four sets of photometric V RI light curves, and several LAMOST low and medium resolution spectra of contact binary CC Com. We revised the orbital parameters by simultaneously combining with previously published radial velocity measurements using the Wilson-Devinney program. We used light curves at different observational times to obtain the starspot parameters. The values of the starspot radius are variable in short- and long-term scales, and their longitudes are stable. We updated the orbital period change of CC Com, and analyzed the periodic variation. The period of CC Com decreases at a rate of 4.66 (±0.20) × 10−11 d yr−1, which may be due to mass transfer from the secondary component to the primary component. The oscillation of its orbital period with a period of 17.18(0.08) years and amplitude of 0.0018(1) d may be caused by the light time effect (LITE) via a third body of 0.06 M ⊙ dwarf or magnetic activity cycle. Furthermore, we obtained one optical spectrum from the LAMOST survey, which gives the spectral type of CC Com as K7±2V. Strong emissions exist in the Hα, and Ca ii H&K lines in the observed spectrum, indicating strong chromospheric activity on CC Com. In the 12 LAMOST medium-resolution spectra, the EWs of Hα line are variable along the phase and time, which may be a plage or flare event.
Towards Learning Language Agnostic Features for NLP in Low-resource Languages

In recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has gained widespread attention in many commercial and academic applications. Neoteric advances in Machine Learning and Deep Learning, aided by the rise of large annotated datasets, is the cornerstone of many state-of-the-art NLP systems and architectures. The one caveat of these advances is the availability of large annotated datasets for a particular NLP task. Since the conception of the Internet and the Digital Age, more and more information is stored digitally. Given the global nature of the current information sharing infrastructure, most of the data generated belongs to one of three languages : English, Mandarin or Spanish. This abundance of raw data, aids and motivates the creation of annotated NLP resources in these languages. On the other hand, the paucity of annotated data in most other languages makes it a challenging task to develop Deep Learning/Machine Learning based solutions for them. Hence there is a pressing need to pay special attention to develop novel solutions capable of performing NLP tasks in a low-resource setting. In this thesis, we attempt to tackle this data scarcity problem by introducing a novel approach for language invariant NLP which is capable of leveraging multiple monolingual datasets for training without any form of cross-lingual supervision. The proposed approach attempts to learn language agnostic features via adversarial training on multiple resource-rich languages, which can then be leveraged for inference on a low-resource language. The robustness of the proposed approach was tested on two well-defined NLP tasks: 1. Sentiment Analysis : For classifying the sentiment of a given document in a low-resource language we introduce the Language Invariant Sentiment Analyzer (LISA) architecture which learns language invariant sentiment features that outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods on the Multilingual Amazon Review Text Classification dataset and achieves significant performance gains over prior work on the low-resource Sentiraama corpus. 2. Open Domain Event Detection : In the case of Open Domain Event Detection, which is a sequence labeling task, we introduce the Multi-Lingual Sequence Tagger (M-LiST) architecture which attained state-of-the-art performance in three languages of the TempEval2 corpus. A detailed analysis of our research highlights the ability of our architectures to achieve state-of-theart performance in the presence of minimal amounts of training data for low-resource languages.
The Effect of an 8-Week Yoga Training Program on Balance and Knee Proprioception After Mental Fatigue in Amateur Male Athletes

* Corresponding Author: Manochehr Haydary, MSc. Address: Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Tel: +98 (912) 5382491 E-mail: mhaidary2000@yahoo.com 1. Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Mohammad Sarhad Hasan1, *Manochehr Haydary1 , Farzaneh Gandomi1
Survivability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and quality attributes of puffed pounded-unripe rice supplemented with probiotics using a fluidized-bed coating method

Value-added breakfast cereals are receiving increased interest due to changes in lifestyles and modern trends of health awareness among consumers. Among various cereal grains, puffed pounded-unripe rice (PPUR) was chosen because of its excellent health beneficial properties. Feasibility of supplementing the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA5) into PPUR was investigated using a fluidized-bed coating method. Suitable fermentation conditions were tested based on a pH criterion of 4.5. Three types of cell host solutions as sucrose, skim milk and maltodextrin were examined as suitable carriers, and optimal coating condition was determined. Product qualities were evaluated for stability. Results showed that milk fermented for 24 hrs gave the highest viable cell count of approximately 109 to 1010 CFU/mL when optimally mixed with distilled water at milk: water ratio of 45:105. Skim milk was determined as the most suitable host giving the highest retention of LA5 cell count. Coating condition at a feed rate of 10 mL/min, coating time of 5 mins and constant temperature at 50°C gave the highest survival rates of LA5. Moisture contents and water activity (aw) values of all coated products ranged from 3.38-3.72% wb and 0.201-0.232, respectively. Regarding textural properties, coated PPUR showed increased hardness and crispiness compared with uncoated samples, while the variation of coating conditions had no significant effects. Dynamic changes in viable LA5 cell count, textural properties, aw, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid values fitted well with various kinetic orders. Findings indicated the feasibility of adding probiotics to dry products associated with suitable coating solution and offered guidance for product development and process design.
Human Capital Management and Survival of Private Hospital in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between human capital management and survival of private hospitals in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary data was generated through selfadministered questionnaire. The population for the study was 143 management staff of 10 private hospitals in Port Harcourt. The sample size of 105 was determined using calculated using the Taro Yamane’s formula for sample size determination. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. Results from analysis of data revealed that there is a significant relationship between human capital management and survival of private hospitals in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria. The study recommends private hospital management must develop procedures for assessing and handling human capital. The individual's main areas of responsibility must be structured according to their training, skills, expertise, experience and field of interest. This is never a burden for work.