Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Novel Aspartic Protease (Asp 2) as β-Secretase

Abstract The Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is produced by excision from the type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the sequential actions of β- and then γ-secretases. Here we report that Asp 2, a novel transmembrane aspartic protease, has the key activities expected of β-secretase. Transient expression of Asp 2 in cells expressing APP causes an increase in the secretion of the N-terminal fragment of APP and an increase in the cell-associated C-terminal β-secretase APP fragment. Mutation of either of the putative catalytic aspartyl residues in Asp 2 abrogates the production of the fragments characteristic of cleavage at the β-secretase site. The enzyme is present in normal and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain and is also found in cell lines known to produce Aβ. Asp 2 localizes to the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum in transfected cells and shows clear colocalization with APP in cells stably expressing the 751-amino-acid isoform of APP.
EBV and KSHV Infection Dysregulates Autophagy to Optimize Viral Replication, Prevent Immune Recognition and Promote Tumorigenesis

Autophagy is a catabolic process strongly involved in the immune response, and its dysregulation contributes to the onset of several diseases including cancer. The human oncogenic gammaherpesviruses, Epstein—Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), manipulate autophagy, either during the de novo infection or during the lytic reactivation, in naturally latently-infected lymphoma cells. In particular, the gammaherpesvirus infection reduces autophagy in immune cells, such as monocytes, resulting in the impairment of cell survival and cell differentiation into dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential for initiating and regulating the immune response. In the case of EBV, the reduction of autophagy in these cells, leading to p62 accumulation, activated the p62-NRF2-antioxidant response, reducing ROS, and further inhibiting autophagy. KSHV inhibits autophagy in monocytes by de-phosphorylating JNK2, altering the calpains–calpastatin balance and increasing the calpain activity responsible for the cleavage of ATG5. To further impair the immune response, KSHV also inhibits autophagy in differentiated DCs by hyper-phosphorylating STAT3. Conversely, when the lytic cycle is induced in vitro in latently-infected lymphoma B cells, both EBV and KSHV promote autophagy to enhance their replication, although the final autophagic steps are blocked through the down-regulation of Rab7. This strategy allows viruses to avoid the destructive environment of lysosomes, and to exploit the autophagic machinery for intracellular transportation. EBV and KSHV encode for proteins that may either inhibit or promote autophagy and, in addition, they can modulate the cellular pathways that control this process. In this review we will discuss the findings that indicate that autophagy is dysregulated by gammaherpesvirus to promote immune suppression, facilitate viral replication and contribute to the onset and maintenance of gammaherpesvirus-associated malignancies.
Vastuullinen johtajuus esimies-alaissuhteessa

Responsible leadership in the leaderfollower relationship The article advances our knowledge and understanding of responsible leadership in the organizational context. Responsible leadership is investigated from an ethical viewpoint as a dyadic relationship between a leader and a follower. The study defines the principles of responsible leadership as well as situations in which the application of the principles is appropriate. Additionally, the study explores the obligation to act according to the principles and the way in which it is formed in the relationship. An empirical qualitative study including 22 individuals was conducted. The participants viewed the topic from both the leader’s and the employee’s viewpoint. The data were collected using the critical incident technique and analysed through content analysis. The principles driving the development and maintenance of responsible leadership are fairness, empowerment, openness, trust, and care. The study shows that responsible leadership in the leader-follower relationship is dynamic. Expectations concerning responsibility in the relationship vary according to the situation that may be related not only to work but also to a non-work context.
Melatonin Improves Oocyte Maturation and Mitochondrial Functions by Reducing Bisphenol A-Derived Superoxide in Porcine Oocytes In Vitro

Bisphenol A (BPA) is synthetic organic compound that exhibits estrogen-like properties and it induces mitochondrial superoxide production. Melatonin (Mela) protects against BPA-mediated cell damage and apoptosis. However, the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-induced superoxide production in porcine oocytes are still not known. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-derived superoxide on oocyte maturation in pigs. To investigate the effects of the superoxide specific scavenger, Mito-TEMPO, on porcine oocyte maturation in response to BPA exposure apoptosis proteins, we treated the oocytes with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM) after pre-treating them with BPA (75 µM) for 22 h. As expected, the reduction in meiotic maturation and cumulus cell expansion of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) in the BPA (75 µM) treated group was recovered (p < 0.01) by treatment with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM). An increase in the levels of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins (AIF, cleaved Cas 3 and cleaved Parp1) in response to BPA-induced damage was also reduced by Mito-TEMPO treatment in porcine COCs. Interestingly, we confirmed the positive effects of Mela with respect to superoxide production upon BPA exposure during oocyte maturation and also confirmed the reduction in mitochondrial apoptosis in Mela (0.1 µM)-treated porcine COCs. These results provide evidence for the first time that antioxidative effects of Mela on BPA-derived superoxide improve porcine oocyte maturation.
The mathematics teacher who became a promoter of inquiry-based learning : a story of teacher change

This paper presents the story of John, a mathematics teacher, who embraced ‘change’ at a rather advanced stage of his teaching career. As part of this development, he managed to transform his largely traditional practices to practices that advance inquiry-based learning, a pedagogical approach that is aligned to the reform visions for mathematics teaching and learning. Moreover, John is now also committed to promote this ‘new’ approach among other mathematics teachers. Drawing on narrative research, his case was studied to shed insights on what facilitates or hinders teacher learning and change. The narrative was co-constructed between John and the author in the form of a ‘conversation’ that originated from a number of Messenger chats on Facebook. The thematic analysis of the data revealed four distinct phases, so far, in John’s journey towards becoming a teacher. The journey through these phases is of particular interest to anyone concerned about the impact that different teacher education initiatives have on teacher learning and change. Overall, John’s story suggests that teacher change, while possibly not linear and enduring, can happen and appears to be facilitated by certain factors. These include willingness and capacity on teacher’s part to change, the availability of opportunity to change, the development of a professional learning community, and the presence of someone at school who is capable and willing to lead and support teacher learning among colleagues.
Growth Cone Steering by Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase δ Defines a Distinct Class of Guidance Cue

Abstract Receptor-type tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are involved in pathfinding decisions by elongating axons, but how they function in these decisions remains unclear. A vertebrate RPTP, PTP-δ, is a neurite-promoting homophilic adhesion molecule; here we demonstrate chemoattraction of CNS growth cones by a locally applied gradient of soluble PTP-δ. The attractive effect of PTP-δ was abolished by inhibition of tyrosine phosphatase activity, but in contrast to other guidance proteins was unaffected by inhibition of cyclic nucleotide activities. Gradients of PTP-δ or of laminin-1 also promoted increases in the speed of growth cone migration, but laminin-1 did not steer growth cones. Our results indicate that PTP-δ is a chemoattractant for vertebrate CNS neurons in vitro and suggest that it represents a distinct class of guidance protein from those previously defined. Further, our data indicate that growth cone attraction is mechanistically distinct from increases in the speed of growth cone movement.
OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRME VE ÖRGÜTSEL İMAJ ALGILARI ARASINDAKİ

The image of the organization can be based on the interaction of the individual's cognition and perceptions with the environmental factors. As a result of the empowerment activity, the school manager’s management concept is developing and the employees’ perception on their self-efficacy and self-confidence is increasing. This reflects the perceived image positively and can contribute to the sharing of the organizational image with the external environment by school administrators and employees at the same time. In this context, this research examining the relationship between the school administrators' psychological empowerment and organizational image is thought to contribute to the literature. In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of psychological empowerment and organizational image perception of school administrators and to investigate whether there is a significant difference in their perception levels according to position, school type, gender, occupational seniority and educational level variables. Based on the purpose of the study, mean, frequency and standard deviation and nonparametric tests were used. It was documented that there was no significant difference in the school administrators’ empowerment sub-dimensions and the quality dimensions of organizational image according to the independent variables. The school administrators’ organizational image level was found to show no significant difference according to school type, gender and educational level variables. Appearance, infrastructure image and organizational image in favor of manager assistants according to the position variable; social, infrastructure, program image and organizational image perceptions were found to be significantly different according to occupational status. It was concluded that there was a moderate positive relationship between the school administrators’ psychological empowerment and organizational image perceptions. As a result of the study, it can be suggested that by increasing school administrators’ perceptions on psychological empowerment and increase the influence of school administrators can be increased in creating and sharing positive and strong school image.
DEEP LEARNING IN CHEMISTRY AND COMPUTER-GO

Deep learning a research field in artificial intelligence and also a fast-growing technology in helping human in different directions. This thesis will focus on two of its usages: chemistry and computer go. In the two fields, deep learning achieves state of art accuracy in prediction and game playing ability. INDEX WORDS: Deep learning, Chemistry, Computer-Go Deep Learning in Chemistry and Computer-Go
TEORIJSKE OSNOVE I IMPLEMENTACIJA RAYTRACER ALGORITMA ZA RENDEROVANjE

Raytracer je algoritam globalnog osvetljenja koji se u današnje vreme koristi za kreiranje (renderovanje, eng. rendering) slika visokog stepena realističnosti. U osnovi, ideja je imitirati način realnog prostiranja svetlosti kroz prostor. Ako je prostor kroz koji se svetlost kreće homogen i izotropan, putanje svetlosti su prave linije. Dakle, problemu bi mogli pristupiti ovako: krenuvši od nekog izvora svetlosti pratili bismo kretanje jednog od zraka. Prilikom kretanja kroz prostor u jednom trenutku zrak bi došao do dioptrijskih površina i pritom se jedan njegov deo reflektuje, drugi prelama, a treći apsorbuje. U slučaju da površina nije dioptrijska jednostavno bismo zanemarili prelamanje svetlosti. Sada bi pratili novonastale zrake i ponavljali postupak za svako presecanje zraka sa površinom dok zrak ne bi došao do sočiva kamere ili oka promatrača. Samo takve zrake koje u konačnici prolaze kroz povšinu sočiva ili oka doprinose generisanju slike. Postupak bi trebalo ponoviti za svaki zrak poslat od odgovarajućeg izvora svetlosti, i isto uraditi za sve ostale izvore svetlosti (ukoliko postoje) na sceni.
Presence of conspecifics, time of day and age affect willow tit food hoarding

Abstract Willow tits, Parus montanus , spend the winter in flocks and hoard food especially in the autumn to be used later. For caching to be an evolutionarily stable strategy, the hoarder should be more likely to retrieve its caches than conspecifics. The effects of individual differences, the time of day and, especially, the presence of conspecifics and heterospecific birds on caching behaviour of free-living willow tits were examined with a logit model. The presence of conspecifics had the strongest influence on caching: if there were other willow tits near the observed individual, it was less likely to cache. Willow tits stored food at a greater intensity in the morning than in the afternoon. Yearlings stored more intensively than adults. Individuals differed in their caching intensities. However, there were no significant interactions between the factors investigated, indicating, for example, that individual birds responded similarly to the factors studied. The presence of hetero-specific Paridae or non-Paridae had no effect on the caching rate in the willow tit. It is possible that conspecifics are perceived as potential kleptoparasites (immediate threat) or pilferers (long-term threat) and therefore avoided when hoarding.
User testing digital, multimedia information to inform children, adolescents and their parents about healthcare trials

Digital, multimedia information resources (MMIs) containing text, video, animation and pictures are a promising alternative to written participant information materials designed to inform children, adolescents and parents about healthcare trials, but little research has tested whether they are fit for purpose. This study employed a consecutive groups design and user testing questionnaire to assess whether participants were able to find and understand key information in multimedia resources. Two rounds of testing were completed. In each round, seven children aged 7–11 tested the MMI with a parent; six adolescents aged 12–17 and seven parents tested the MMI independently. After round 1, the resources were revised based on participant scores, behaviour and feedback. Round 1 identified problems with 2/10 information items (length of trial and use of insulin pump); only 3/20 participants could locate all information items without difficulty. After revisions, 14/20 participants scored a clear round. Information comprehension was high: 96% understood in round 1 and 99% in round 2. Participant feedback on the multimedia resources was positive, although presentation preferences varied. User testing was employed successfully with children, adolescents and parents to identify issues with, and improve, multimedia resources developed to inform potential healthcare trial participants.
2D LiDAR SLAM Back-End Optimization with Control Network Constraint for Mobile Mapping

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been investigated in the field of robotics for two decades, as it is considered to be an effective method for solving the positioning and mapping problem in a single framework. In the SLAM community, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based SLAM and particle filter SLAM are the most mature technologies. After years of development, graph-based SLAM is becoming the most promising technology and a lot of progress has been made recently with respect to accuracy and efficiency. No matter which SLAM method is used, loop closure is a vital part for overcoming the accumulated errors. However, in 2D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) SLAM, on one hand, it is relatively difficult to extract distinctive features in LiDAR scans for loop closure detection, as 2D LiDAR scans encode much less information than images; on the other hand, there is also some special mapping scenery, where no loop closure exists. Thereby, in this paper, instead of loop closure detection, we first propose the method to introduce extra control network constraint (CNC) to the back-end optimization of graph-based SLAM, by aligning the LiDAR scan center with the control vertex of the presurveyed control network to optimize all the poses of scans and submaps. Field tests were carried out in a typical urban Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) weak outdoor area. The results prove that the position Root Mean Square (RMS) error of the selected key points is 0.3614 m, evaluated with a reference map produced by Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Mapping accuracy is significantly improved, compared to the mapping RMS of 1.6462 m without control network constraint. Adding distance constraints of the control network to the back-end optimization is an effective and practical method to solve the drift accumulation of LiDAR front-end scan matching.
Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen bei zerebrovaskulären Erkrankungen

Der Schlaganfall ist die zweithäufigste Todesursache und der häufigste Grund für eine Behinderung in den westlichen Industrienationen. Obwohl schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen das Schlaganfallrisiko erhöhen und die funktionelle Erholung nach einem Schlaganfall verschlechtern, sind deren Screening und Behandlung in der medizinischen Grundversorgung bisher nicht ausreichend etabliert.
Introduction to the Role of Psychiatrist in the Management of Terminally Ill Patients

Palliative care is a highly structured healthcare specialty as well as a philosophy aimed at the care of patients with terminal or severely debilitating illness, from the time of its diagnosis till the death of the patient. Palliative treatment provides care mainly in three domains — in relieving emotional and physical suffering, improving and strengthening communication between the patient and the physician, and assurance of health care across various settings such as hospitals, home, hospices, etc. 4
RF Injection Network Development for Testing of Active Implantable Medical Devices Exposed to RF Fields in 1.5 T MRI Systems

This paper presents the design, construction, and testing of an RF injection network for MR-conditional medical testing of devices for use within 1.5 T MRI scanners (i.e., frequency of 63.4 MHz). The system was developed to meet the requirements of ISO/TS 10974:2018(E). A directional lumped element coupler, power splitter, an attenuator/isolator, low-pass filter, and high-pass filter were designed and implemented as part of the network. The RF injection network was developed in both a compact version implemented in a single PCB and discrete PCB version for use in different situations. The performance of each designed component was simulated and compared to measurement results. As an application example, a neuromodulation system was tested using the developed RF injection network for conductive emission testing.
A review of unmanned surface vehicle development

This paper provides a review of the development of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). Their potential applications and developmental trends are also discussed. Based on active works in this fields, USVs may potentially be integrated into the existing force structures of manned ships, offering a cost-effective solution for performing various types of marine operations with minimal risk to the personnel.
Frequent Attack Sequences-based Network log Mining

As an important part of modern IT infrastructure, network provides great convenience for people to exchange information and share resources. However, network still faces with many threats such as network virus, hacker attacks, data theft and tampering and so on. Network logs includes a lot of valuable information about all behaviours happened in the network. How to analyse these network log to enhance the security of network becomes consequently the focus of many researchers. In this paper, we first design three similarity functions between two network attack records to create the network attack sequences, and then present a PrefixSpan-based frequent attack sequence mining algorithm to identify all frequent attack sequences in network log. The experimental results show that the PrefixSpan-based frequent attack sequence mining algorithm has shorter executing time and less running space than the Apriori algorithm. The PrefixSpan-based frequent attack sequence mining algorithm provides a network log analysing method for intrusion detection.
Effects of Nitrogen Level during Seed Production on Wheat Seed Vigor and Seedling Establishment at the Transcriptome Level

Nitrogen fertilizer is a critical determinant of grain yield and seed quality in wheat. However, the mechanism of nitrogen level during seed production affecting wheat seed vigor and seedling establishment at the transcriptome level remains unknown. Here, we report that wheat seeds produced under different nitrogen levels (N0, N168, N240, and N300) showed significant differences in seed vigor and seedling establishment. In grain yield and seed vigor, N0 and N240 treatments showed the minimum and maximum, respectively. Subsequently, we used RNA-seq to analyze the transcriptomes of seeds and seedlings under N0 and N240 at the early stage of seedling establishment. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis revealed that dioxygenase-activity-related genes were dramatically upregulated in faster growing seedlings. Among these genes, the top three involved linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase (Traes_2DL_D4BCDAA76, Traes_2DL_CE85DC5C0, and Traes_2DL_B5B62EE11). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that pathways involved in nutrient mobilization and the antioxidant system showed enhanced expression under N240. Moreover, seeds with faster growing seedlings had a higher gene expression level of α-amylase, which was consistent with α-amylase activity. Taken together, we propose a model for seedling establishment and seed vigor in response to nitrogen level during seed production.
Le rôle médiateur du fonctionnement familial dans la relation entre l’adversité familiale et l’adaptation sociale des enfants d’âge préscolaire

Preschoolers’ social adaptation is related to their degree of exposure to environnemental risks. However, the mechanisms through which the environmental risks operate their influence on social adaptation are still poorly documented. Thus, the first goal of this study is to investigate the main effect of family adversity on preschoolers’ behavioral problems and attachment security. The second goal is to test the mediating effect of family functionning in the relationship between family adversity and behavioral problems or attachment security. Five hundred and seventy-two participants (n=572) were assessed on family adversity between the age of 5 and 42 months. Behavioral problems and family functionning were assesed at 42 months. Eighty of the participants were assessed on attachment security at the age of 48 months. The results show a main effect of family adversity on behavioral problems as well as a mediating effect of family functionning in the relationship of family adversity and behavioral problems. No significant effect was found for security of attachment.