Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DAS AGLOMERAÇÕES INDUSTRIAIS NO CONTEXTO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL SUSTENTÁVEL: O CASO DA ATIVIDADE TÊXTIL-VESTUARISTA DO ALTO VALE DO ITAJAÍ – SANTA CATARINA

Este trabalho tem como objetivo resgatar experiencias de desenvolvimento, sintonizados com o desenvolvimento territorial sustentavel, no Alto Vale do Itajai, em Santa Catarina. Para tanto, buscou-se avaliar os impactos socioambientais da aglomeracao industrial textil-vestuarista do Alto Vale do Itajai. A pesquisa apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, aliando as tecnicas de entrevistas semiestruturadas a aplicacao de questionarios. Os resultados do estudo demonstraram as limitacoes relacionadas a articulacao dessa atividade industrial com a questao socioambiental e o longo prazo. Todavia, tambem foram apontadas margens de manobra que sinalizam para a internalizacao gradativa da dimensao socioambiental pelos atores locais. Numa visao prospectiva, observa-se a necessidade de serem estimuladas, a partir de uma construcao coletiva, de propostas que assumam o desenvolvimento territorial sustentavel.
The Radiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook: reminiscences.

This paper traces the history of the development of the Radiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook and its subsequent impact on radio frequency radiation exposure standards. The author's recollections are used to illustrate the behind the scenes efforts of the individuals involved in this project. The development of models at the University of Utah and confirmation of these results by various experimenters led to the publication of four editions of the Radiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook, i.e., "The RFR Experimenters Bible. "
A cluster of noninvoluting endocytic cells at the margin of the zebrafish blastoderm marks the site of embryonic shield formation.

In zebrafish embryos, the nascent embryonic shield first appears as a thickening in the germ ring of the mid-epiboly blastoderm. This site defines the dorsal side of the developing embryo. In this paper, we report that the site of embryonic axis formation is marked earlier at the late-blastula stage by the appearance of a cluster of cells with unique endocytic activities. This cluster of cells is composed of enveloping layer epithelial cells and one to two layers of underlying deep cells. Unlike other marginal blastomeres, cells in this cluster do not participate in involution as the blastoderm undergoes epiboly. These noninvoluting endocytic marginal (NEM) cells can be selectively labeled by applying membrane impermeant fluorescent probes to pre-epiboly and mid-epiboly embryos. During embryonic shield formation, deep cells in the NEM cell cluster rearrange and are displaced forward to the leading edge of the blastoderm. As deep NEM cells move into this location, they become a group of cells known as "forerunner cells. " Between 60%- and 80%-epiboly, the forerunner cells coalesce into a coherent cell cluster that forms a wedge-shaped cap at the leading edge of the blastoderm. During embryonic axis formation, deep cells migrate and converge toward the embryonic midline, which is defined by the center of the forerunner cell cluster. At approximately 90% epiboly, the forerunner cell cluster becomes overlapped by the constricting germ ring. At tailbud stage, forerunner cells form the dorsal roof of Kupffer's vesicle, which is located ventral to the nascent chordoneural hinge. On the basis of previous grafting studies and known dorsal gene expression patterns, we discuss possible roles that the NEM/forerunner cell cluster may play in teleost axis formation.
Suspended particulate layers and internal waves over the southern Monterey Bay continental shelf: An important control on shelf mud belts?

[1] Physical and optical measurements taken over the mud belt on the southern continental shelf of Monterey Bay, California documented the frequent occurrence of suspended particulate matter features, the majority of which were detached from the seafloor, centered 9–33 m above the bed. In fall 2011, an automated profiling mooring and fixed instrumentation, including a thermistor chain and upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profiler, were deployed at 70 m depth for 5 weeks, and from 12 to 16 October a long-range autonomous underwater vehicle performed across-shelf transects. Individual SPM events were uncorrelated with local bed shear stress caused by surface waves and bottom currents. Nearly half of all observed SPM layers occurred during 1 week of the study, 9–16 October 2011, and were advected past the fixed profiling mooring by the onshore phase of semidiurnal internal tide bottom currents. At the start of the 9–16 October period, we observed intense near-bed vertical velocities capable of lifting particulates into the middle of the water column. This “updraft” event appears to have been associated with nonlinear adjustment of high-amplitude internal tides over the mid and outer shelf. These findings suggest that nonlinear internal tidal motions can erode material over the outer shelf and that, once suspended, this SPM can then be transported shoreward to the middle and shallow sections of the mud belt. This represents a fundamental broadening of our understanding of how shelf mud belts may be built up and sustained.
Resonant cavity light‐emitting diode

A novel concept of a light‐emitting diode (LED) is proposed and demonstrated in which the active region of the device is placed in a resonant optical cavity. As a consequence, the optical emission from the active region is restricted to the modes of the cavity. Resonant cavity light‐emitting diodes (RCLED) have higher spectral purity and higher emission intensity as compared to conventional light emitting diodes. Results on a top‐emitting RCLED structure with AlAs/AlxGa1−xAs quarter wave mirrors grown by molecular beam epitaxy are presented. The experimental emission linewidth is 17 meV (0.65 kT) at room temperature. The top‐emission intensity is a factor of 1.7 higher as compared to conventional LEDs.
Recovery nystagmus in ménière's disease

Spontaneous nystagmus occurs during a Ménière's attack although the literature indicates that the direction can be variable. Previous observations made during the acute and recovery stages of a Ménière's attack suggested that the direction of the spontaneous nystagmus was consistent with the primary‐secondary sequence of nystagmus that occurs with relatively prolonged stimulation of the normal vestibulo‐oculomotor system. To evaluate this nystagmus pattern further, spontaneous nystagmus was monitored in eight patients using DC electronystagmography during an acute Ménière's attack. All showed an initial contralateral nystagmus during the acute phase of the attack with reversal to an ipsilateral (or recovery) nystagmus, as the acute symptoms subsided. Such a pattern of nystagmus occurring over a few hours is a helpful diagnostic aid, and when surgery is being considered, it provides objective evidence of the ear with active disease.
Determining the Functional Form of Density Dependence: Deductive Approaches for Consumer‐Resource Systems Having a Single Resource

Consumer‐resource models are used to deduce the functional form of density dependence in the consumer population. A general approach to determining the form of consumer density dependence is proposed; this involves determining the equilibrium (or average) population size for a series of different harvest rates. The relationship between a consumer’s mortality and its equilibrium population size is explored for several one‐consumer/one‐resource models. The shape of density dependence in the resource and the shape of the numerical and functional responses all tend to be “inherited” by the consumer’s density dependence. Consumer‐resource models suggest that density dependence will very often have both concave and convex segments, something that is impossible under the commonly used θ‐logistic model. A range of consumer‐resource models predicts that consumer population size often declines at a decelerating rate with mortality at low mortality rates, is insensitive to or increases with mortality over a wide range of intermediate mortalities, and declines at a rapidly accelerating rate with increased mortality when mortality is high. This has important implications for management and conservation of natural populations.
Effects of alpha and theta toxins from Clostridium perfringens on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Two toxins, alpha (phospholipase C) and theta (oxygen-labile hemolysin), were purified from Clostridium perfringens type A and assayed for toxic effects on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs). Crude preparations containing both toxins totally inhibited chemotaxis and chemiluminescence responses of PMNLs and reduced PMNL viability. Purified alpha toxin did not alter PMNL viability, chemotactic responsiveness, or morphology but did enhance opsonized zymosan-induced PMNL chemiluminescence over a wide range of toxin concentrations. theta Toxin, at 12.5 hemolytic units (HU) per 10(5) PMNLs, reduced cell viability and induced marked PMNL morphological changes. Concentrations of theta toxin between 4 and 32 HU per 10(5) PMNLs inhibited PMNL chemiluminescence in a dose-dependent manner, whereas a lower concentration enhanced the PMNL chemiluminescent response to opsonized zymosan. Effects on chemotaxis were also dose dependent. Increased PMNL random migration was observed at a concentration of theta toxin of 0.06 HU per 2.5 X 10(5) PMNLs (P less than .05), whereas concentrations of greater than 0.08 HU per 2.5 X 10(5) PMNLs reduced both directed and random migration (P less than .05).
Mitigation Techniques to Reduce the Vulnerability of Railway Signaling to Radiated Intentional EMI Emitted From a Train

This paper evaluates several techniques capable of mitigating the impact of low-power radio frequency jammers that interfere with ground-to-train communications. These radio communications are used for railway signaling, and interfering with these signals can have a negative impact on the train operation. Although the commercialization, detention, and use of radiofrequency jammers is strictly forbidden in most countries, they can be easily found on the internet at low cost and unexpectedly switched on by a passenger in a moving train. In this paper, we evaluate and compare the ground-to-train radio communication and intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) received signal powers delivered by roof train antennas to the train control command receiver. This comparison is used to deduce the potential zones of interference along the train trajectory and its consequences. Operating at the physical layer, we then propose and evaluate three mitigations techniques that can be used separately or combined to reduce the impact of this type of interference. We show that they can significantly reduce the jamming capability and help us in maintaining railway full operation.
The electrophile responsive proteome: integrating proteomics and lipidomics with cellular function.

SIGNIFICANCE The process of lipid peroxidation is emerging as an important mechanism that mediates the post-translational modification of proteins. Through advanced analytical techniques, lipidomics is now emerging as a critical factor in our understanding of the pathology of a broad range of diseases. RECENT ADVANCES During enzymatic or nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation, the simple structure of an unsaturated fatty acid is converted to an oxylipidome, many members of which are electrophilic and form the reactive lipid species (RLS). This aspect of lipid biology is particularly important, as it directly connects lipidomics with proteomics through the post-translational modification of a sub-proteome in the cell. This arises, because the electrophilic members of the oxylipidome react with proteins at nucleophilic amino-acid residues and so change their structure and function to form electrophile-responsive proteomes (ERP). CRITICAL ISSUES Biological systems have relatively few but well-defined and mechanistically distinct pro-oxidant pathways generating RLS. Defining the ERPs and the mechanisms underlying their formation and action has been a major focus for the field of lipidomics and redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We propose that a unique oxylipidome can be defined for specific oxidants and will predict the biological responses through the reaction with proteins to form a specific ERP. In this review, we will describe the ERPs that modulate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protective pathways, including the activation of Keap1/Nrf2 and the promotion of cell death through interactions with mitochondria.
Longitudinal Functional Brain Mapping in Supernormals

Prevention of age-related cognitive decline is an increasingly important topic. Recently, increased attention is being directed at understanding biological models of successful cognitive aging. Here, we examined resting-state brain regional low-frequency oscillations using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 19 older adults with excellent cognitive abilities (Supernormals), 28 older adults with normative cognition, 57 older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and 26 with Alzheimer's disease. We identified a "Supernormal map", a set of regions whose oscillations were resistant to the aging-associated neurodegenerative process, including the right fusiform gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right anterior cingulate cortex, left middle temporal gyrus, left precentral gyrus, and left orbitofrontal cortex. The map was unique to the Supernormals, differentiated this group from cognitive average-ager comparisons, and predicted a 1-year change in global cognition (indexed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, adjusted R2 = 0.68). The map was also correlated to Alzheimer's pathophysiological features (beta-amyloid/pTau ratio, adjusted R2 = 0.66) in participants with and without cognitive impairment. These findings in phenotypically successful cognitive agers suggest a divergent pattern of brain regions that may either reflect inherent neural integrity that contributes to Supernormals' cognitive success, or alternatively indicate adaptive reorganization to the demands of aging.
Visualization of communities in networks.

Network analysis provides powerful tools for studying interactions (represented by edges) between a large number of entities (nodes). Various methods can be used to identify subgraphs known as communities, which are groups of nodes that are densely connected to each other.1 Because networks can be large, coarse-graining into communities facilitates subsequent investigation of structural organization. The field of graph visualization is enormous,2 so we restrict our attention to modifying the Kamada–Kawai3 (KK) and Fruchterman–Reingold4 (FR) force-directed layout algorithms to include community information. FR is closely related to modularity maximization,5 one of the main approaches employed for identifying communities. However, it does not resolve the community structure when the number of communities exceeds the spatial dimension of visualization (the usual case). We incorporate a specified community structure (however obtained) into similar layouts. In our visualizations,6 we identified communities of the largest connected components of graphs using a spectral modularity-optimization algorithm.7 We place the centers of these communities using FR, treating communities as the nodes of a (significantly smaller) network with rescaled intercommunity links. We use KK to obtain relative placements of nodes within each community (ignoring intercommunity links). Combining these coordinates, we then use the same KK force rules to rotate (and flip, if necessary) individual communities for optimal placement relative to nodes in the other communities (including intercommunity links), maintaining the specified community center positions. We illustrate our procedure with three examples in Fig. ​Fig.1. 1. On the left is a graph of network scientists connected by paper co-authorship,7 colored by a community assignment. On the right are Facebook networks, defined by self-identified, reciprocal online friendships:8 the Caltech network colored by ‘‘House’’ (dorm) affiliation (top); and the Haverford network colored by class year (bottom). Similarly positioned community-level pie charts further illustrate the demographic organization of the Facebook networks.9 Figure 1
Dental topography and diets of four old world monkey species

Dental topographic analysis allows comparisons of variably worn teeth within and between species to infer relationships between dental form and diet in living primates, with implications for reconstructing feeding adaptations of fossil forms. Although analyses to date have been limited mainly to the M2s of a few primate taxa, these suggest that dental topographic analysis holds considerable promise. Still, larger samples including a greater range of species and different tooth types are needed to determine the potential of this approach. Here we examine dental topography of molar teeth of Cercocebus torquatus (n=48), Cercopithecus campbelli (n=50), Colobus polykomos (n=50), and Procolobus badius (n=50). This is the first such study of large samples of Old World monkeys, and the first to include analyses of both M1s and M2s. Average slope, relief, and surface angularity were computed and compared among tooth types, wear stages, and species. Results suggest that (1) data for M1s and M2s cannot be compared directly; (2) slope and relief decline with wear on M2s of all taxa, and M1s of the colobines, whereas angularity does not generally change except in the most worn specimens; and (3) folivorous colobines tend to have more sloping surfaces and more relief than do frugivorous cercopithecines, though angularity does not clearly separate taxa by diet. Am. J. Primatol. 71:466–477, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of polymorphisms in GAD1 and GAD2 genes with methamphetamine dependence.

AIM Association between polymorphisms in GAD genes and methamphetamine (METH) dependence was investigated in the Thai population. MATERIALS & METHODS Genotypes of rs769404 and rs701492 in GAD1 and rs2236418 in GAD2 polymorphisms were determined in 100 METH-dependent male subjects and 102 matched controls. RESULTS The genotype and allele frequencies of rs2236418 (GAD2) were associated with METH dependence and METH with psychosis, in which the G allele was related to increased risk. The presence of the rs769404-rs701492 (GAD1) C-C haplotype was associated with METH psychosis. CONCLUSION This study indicates that genetic variability in GAD1 and GAD2 contributes to risk of METH dependence and METH psychosis in the Thai population and indicates the role of the GABAergic system in these disorders.
Material Handling: A Conservative Domain for Neural Connectivity and Propagation

Two important components of connectionist models are the connectivitV between units and the propagation rule for mapping outputs of units to inputs of units. The biological domains where these models are usuallV applied are nonconservative, in that a single output signal produced bV one unit can become the input to zero, one, or manV subsequent units. The connectivitV matrices and propagation rules common in these domains reflect this nonconservativism in both learning and performance. CASCADE is a connectionist sVstem for performing material handling in a discrete parts manufacturing environment. We have described elsewhere the architecture and implementation of CASCADE [PARU86a] and its formal correspondence [PARU86c], [PARU87a] with the PDP model [RUME86]. The signals that CASCADE passes between units correspond to discrete phVsical objects, and thus must obeV certain conservation laws not observed bV conventional neural architectures. This paper brieflV reviews the problem domain and the connectionist structure of CASCADE, describes CASCADE's scheme for maintaining connectivitV information and propagating signals, and reports some experiments with the sVstem.
[RESEARCH PROGRESS OF OSTEOCLASTS FUNCTION BEYOND BONE RESORPTION].

OBJECTIVE To review the osteoclasts (OC) function beyond bone resorption. METHODS The related literature on OC function beyond bone resorption was reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. RESULTS OC control the bone formation through releasing of matrix-derived growth factors, bidirectional cell-to-cell signals, and secreting OC-coupling factors, and play an important role in the niche formation, hematopoietic stem cells mobilization, and maintenance of its quantity and function; besides, OCs also regulate angiogenesis. CONCLUSION These discoveries greatly enrich the current knowledge of OC function and open up an all-new research domain. However, the exact regulatory mechanism of OC affecting the hematopoiesis is still lack in-depth understood. Additionally, it remains to be elucidated how OC-coupling factors act on osteoblast lineage differentiation and how OC-induced angiogenesis participates in physiological and pathological processes. Unclosing the underlying mechanisms will facilitate providing scientific therapeutic strategies for treatment of many OC-related diseases.
Analysis of pig meat production with respect to different housing systems of pig

The research focused on two production systems of fattening pigs: conventional system (housing on cross - barred floor) and ecological system (housing on deep litter). Favorable climatic conditions for pig meat production, possibilities to produce cheaper food of better quality and great amounts of litter, are a good basis for making ecological pig production widely accepted by family farms. Ecological aspect of such production of pigs, along with its economic analysis will be key factors, which will influence pig producers in their choice of the most suitable technological solution. In comparison to the conventional way of keeping pigs, main advantages of pig housing on deep litter are cheaper building and equipping of pens, better effect on health conditions of pigs, as well as easier manipulating with manure. Following this context, the research objective was to analyze economic indicators of different pig production systems and to compare economic results obtained in conventional and ecological way of pig production. The research aim was to determine economic possibilities and to evaluate results of production systems in question, justifying their economic and social aspects.
Data-Sparsity Tolerant Web Service Recommendation Approach Based on Improved Collaborative Filtering

With the ever-increasing number of web services registered in service communities, many users are apt to find their interested web services through various recommendation techniques, e.g., Collaborative Filtering (i.e., CF)-based recommendation. Generally, CF-based recommendation approaches can work well, when a target user has similar friends or the target services (i.e., services preferred by the target user) have similar services. However, when the available user-service rating data is very sparse, it is possible that a target user has no similar friends and the target services have no similar services; in this situation, traditional CF-based recommendation approaches fail to generate a satisfying recommendation result. In view of this challenge, we combine Social Balance Theory (abbreviated as SBT; e.g., “enemy’s enemy is a friend” rule) and CF to put forward a novel data-sparsity tolerant recommendation approach Ser RecS BT+CF . During the recommendation process, a pruning strategy is adopted to decrease the searching space and improve the recommendation efficiency. Finally, through a set of experiments deployed on a real web service quality dataset WS-DREAM, we validate the feasibility of our proposal in terms of recommendation accuracy, recall and efficiency. The experiment results show that our proposed Ser RecS BT+CF approach outperforms other up-to-date approaches. key words: service recommendation, sparse data, enemy user, social balance theory, collaborative filtering