Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trusted Computing Technologies , Intel

We describe the current state-of-the-art in Trusted Computing Technologies – focusing mainly on Intel’s Trusted Execution Technology (TXT). This document is based on existing documentation and tests of two existing TXT-based systems: Intel’s Trusted Boot and Invisible Things Lab’s Qubes OS. We describe what features are lacking in current implementations, describe what a mature system could provide, and present a list of developments to watch.
A general sampling formula for community structure data

The development of neutral community theory has shown that the assumption of species neutrality, although implausible on the level of individual species, can lead to reasonable predictions on the community level. While Hubbell's neutral model and several of its variants have been analysed in quite some detail, the comparison of theoretical predictions with empirical abundance data is often hindered by technical problems. Only for a few models the exact solution of the stationary abundance distribution is known and sufficiently simple to be applied to data. For other models, approximate solutions have been proposed, but their accuracy is questionable. Here, we argue that many of these technical problems can be overcome by replacing the assumption of constant community size (the zero‐sum constraint) by the assumption of independent species abundances. We present a general sampling formula for community abundance data under this assumption. We show that for the few models for which an exact solution with zero‐sum constraint is known, our independent species approach leads to very similar parameter estimates as the zero‐sum models, for six frequently studied tropical forest community samples. We show that our general sampling formula can be easily confronted to a much wider range of datasets (very large datasets, relative abundance data, presence‐absence data, and sets of multiple samples) for a large class of models, including non‐neutral ones. We provide an R package, called SADISA (Species Abundance Distributions under the Independent Species Assumption), to facilitate the use of the sampling formula.
Legal Risks in Social Media Marketing

 Abstract—Social media is an important communication channel for marketers. The research conducted earlier shows that more than 81% of the businesses are using social media or planning to use social media for marketing purposes. The social media is used for engagement marketing, buzz marketing, building customer relationships and to revitalise brand image. As social media marketing facilitates two way communications between the marketers and the users, the content generated in social media is considered trustworthy and reliable by the customers. The marketers while using the social media should be aware of the legal risks involved in social media marketing. This research paper by using content analysis looks at social media marketing and legal risks involved in social media marketing.
Effectiveness of Community Based Education Program in Terms of Knowledge of Males Regarding Prostate Cancer

Introduction: CBEP is an important part of public health awareness and cost effective strategy to promote the health especially for non- communicable diseases like prostate cancer in males. The function of Prostate gland is to produce fluid for semen, which helps in nourishment and transportation of sperm cells. Over time, some prostate cells become cancerous which leads to prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly observed cancer types in old age. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide. Incidence of Prostate Cancer in India is 19,095 and Mortality is 12,231 according to Globacon, 2012. Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used. There were 63 males selected using total enumerative sampling technique. Research tool (Structured knowledge questionnaire) was developed and submitted to 9 experts from various specialists for validity. Reliability was calculated by Kuder Richardson (KR20) method and it was 0.71 to assess knowledge of males regarding prostate cancer. Data collection was done in January 2017. The obtained data was analyzed and interpreted in terms of objectives and research hypotheses. Analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Majority of males (96%) were educated till primary level, and majority of (76%) were married. Majority (78%) of males had habit of smoking. The mean post-test knowledge scores with standard deviation of males (19.04 ± 4.3, was significantly higher than mean pre-test knowledge (10.76 ± 4.5). Weak positive significant corelation (r=0.60) was found between post-test knowledge scores of males regarding prostate cancer. A significant association was found between level of post-test knowledge with educational status. Conclusion: Community based education program was an effective strategy to enhance the knowledge of males regarding prostate cancer.
Online Community as Space for Knowledge Flows

O nline communities frequently create signiﬁcant economic and relational value for community participants and beyond. It is widely accepted that the underlying source of such value is the collective ﬂow of knowledge among community participants. We distinguish the conditions for ﬂows of tacit and explicit knowledge in online communities and advance an unconventional theoretical conjecture: Online communities give rise to tacit knowledge ﬂows between participants. The crucial condition for these ﬂows is not the advent of novel, digital technology as often portrayed in the literature, but instead the technology’s domestication by humanity and the sociality it affords. This conjecture holds profound implications for theory and research in the study of management and organization, as well as their relation to information technology
Empowering Namibian Indigenous People through Entrepreneurship: The Case from the Nama People

The challenge emanating from the colonial and apartheid regimes on the Nama people of Namibia have not only resulted in them losing nearly half of its population, but they also appeared to have lost their social identity. To that end we continually find conver - gences and divergences in clothing and accessories, food, traditional dances, homes, and traditional beauty cosmetics, between the past and present. This chapter seeks to explore whether the Nama people have always used money to acquire the aforementioned past? If not, what have they done right in the past to acquire all these items? These are one of the few questions this chapter seeks to explore and understand, and the role Nama entrepreneurial activities play for their own socio-economic advancement. Critical dis- course can lead to a better understanding and appreciation of entrepreneurship among indigenous people in Namibia. This will in turn result in an enhanced understanding of the role entrepreneurship and culture can play in both a local and international context. After a brief introduction to Namibia and the Nama people, the cultural values and entre- preneurial initiatives of the Nama people are discussed, followed by discussions, recommendations and conclusions. Research methods employed were in-depth interviews and participant observation.
Farmer-to-farmer transfer of new crop varieties : an empirical analysis on small farms in Uganda

Farmer-to-farmer transfer or dissemination of technologies is a neglected area of research even though successful diffusion of many researcher and farmer-developed technologies is highly dependent upon farmers' private initiatives. This is particularly true in many developing countries where formal market mechanisms used in dissemination are often ineffective. Successful dissemination of new technologies to marginal farmers require greater knowledge and use of indigenous dissemination methods. The determinants of farmer-to-farmer transfer of new bean varieties experimented with by small-scale farmers in Uganda are investigated. Farmers were experimenting with new varieties received through earlier on-farm trials and were transferring small quantities of grain to other farmers for experimental purposes. On-farm trials may thus be an effective, but limited method for diffusing new varieties. Factors directly associated with the transfer decision were farm size and variables identifying a willingness to experiment with new varieties. The Production risk reducing strategies of intercropping and sowing of a larger number of non-climbing bean varieties were negatively associated with the probability to transfer grain. The quantity of grain available to transfer was not associated with the transfer decision. Farmers were not transferring grain of the five varieties at different rates even though significant differences in yield were found.
Suspended sediment concentration and yield in snowmelt flood events in a small lowland river

Suspended sediment concentration and yield in snowmelt flood events in a small lowland river Results of investigation on suspended sediment delivery from small lowland, agriculturally used catchment of Zagożdżonka River, located in central Poland, during snowmelt periods of 2001-2007 are presented. The study catchment's area, upstream of the well equipped gauging station at Czarna, is 23.4 km2. Suspended sediment concentration and sediment yield has been calculated and analysed for 15 snowmelt flood events. The relationship between suspended sediment concentration and the discharge has been analyzed. It has been found that the relation, in majority of the cases, has the form of clockwise hysteresis, however the existance of other types of hysteresis i.e. anticlockwise and "8" shape, have been also confirmed. Significant relation between suspended sediment yield and runoff volume of snowmelt flood events has been also found. Koncentracja i wydatek rumowiska unoszonego w wezbraniach roztopowych w małej rzece nizinnej W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań transportu rumowiska unoszonego, przeprowadzonych w małej zlewni nizinnej (A = 23,4 km2) położonej na Równinie Radomskiej. Przeanalizowano 15 wezbrań z lat 2001-2007, dla których zarejestrowano kompletne dane obejmujące zasilanie zlewni, przepływ i koncentracje. Analiza zależności koncentarcji z przepływem wskazuje na występowanie w większości z analizowanych zdarzeń histerezy prawostronnej (tj. zgodnej z ruchem wskazówek zegara). Koncentracja rumowiska unoszonego wzrastała wraz z przepływem, a jej kulminacja w większości z badanych przypadkach wystąpiła przed kulminacją przepływu. Ustalono zależność, statystycznie istotną, wydatku rumowiska od objętości wezbrania.
PEDESTRIAN ROUTE CHOICE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

There has been relatively little work done on route choice for pedestrians. The present paper addresses this issue by using a sample survey of daily walks in a UK urban area. The walks undertaken are reconstructed using a geographical information system and compared with the shortest available route. It was found that about 75 per cent of walkers in the sample chose the shortest available route. Two strategies were used to synthesise sets from which pedestrians could have chosen their routes. These choice sets can then be used in discrete choice modelling to study route choice and to determine which factors are important to pedestrians in this. At the time of writing, it is proposed to proceed with this modelling. The structure of the paper is as follows. Section 2 describes the various sources of data used in this work, section 3 discusses the choice set generation strategies that were developed, section 4 briefly compares the walks with the corresponding shortest routes, while section 5 presents the conclusions that were drawn from this.
Compact Multi-planet Systems are more Common around Metal-poor Hosts

In systems with detected planets, hot Jupiters and compact systems of multiple planets are nearly mutually exclusive. We compare the relative occurrence of these two architectures as a fraction of detected planetary systems to determine the role that metallicity plays in planet formation. We show that compact multi-planet systems occur more frequently around stars of increasingly lower metallicities using spectroscopically derived abundances for more than 700 planet hosts. At higher metallicities, compact multi-planet systems comprise a nearly constant fraction of the planet hosts despite the steep rise in the fraction of hosts containing hot and cool Jupiters. Since metal-poor stars have been underrepresented in planet searches, this implies that the occurrence rate of compact multis is higher than previously reported. Due to observational limits, radial velocity planet searches have focused mainly on high-metallicity stars, where they have a higher chance of finding giant planets. New extreme-precision radial velocity instruments coming online that can detect these compact multi-planet systems can target lower-metallicity stars to find them.
The effect of herbicides and permanent swards on soil microbial populations in the vineyard

This paper reports on an investigation of the effects of herbicide versus site adapted permanent swards on soil microbial populations in two vineyards: one in a warm climate and the other in a cooler climate. The population dynamics and diversity of the soil fungi, bacteria and actinomycete community were monitored for 2.5 years. Preliminary results indicate that herbicide use caused changes to the microbial community in the inter-row soil. Soil from plots that had been repeatedly treated with herbicide contained lower populations of cellulolytic bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. and fungi. The decline in the soil pseudomonad population was most severe in the cooler climate vineyard.
Changes in RF Signal as a Response of Biological Substance Exposed in the Near Field Region

The biological systems can absorb electromagnetic energy during radio frequency (RF) exposition. It is often applied in medicine for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Additionally the modifying capability of the biological target activity through electromagnetic energy independently of its energy content is relatively recent acquisitions. Biological effects of the RF field exposition are complex and depend on numerous factors. To obtain better insight into association between frequency of the electromagnetic field and biological effects we studied the waves penetrating the biological organic water solutions and brain metabolite in powder. We have investigated changes in the amplitude of the response signal from biological substances exposed on the RF electromagnetic very near field. The changes of the RF (investigated frequency range was 1,76÷250 MHz) signal amplitude after passing through water, Hb, BSA, m-I, NAA water solution and m-I powder in our specially constructed setup were observed. The signal amplitude leaving the organic solution samples was depended on setup geometry, kind of substances and of course of its physical state.
Comparative Microbiological Quality Evaluation of Un-Branded and Branded Juices of Street Vended Sold in Retail Outlet of Peshawar City

This study was performed to evaluate the microbiological quality of Un-Branded street vended and branded juices sold in Peshawar City, Pakistan during June-August 2010. These juices were analyzed microbiologically using standard microbiological methods. The analyzed parameters were Total Plate Count (TPC), Total Coliform Bacteria (TCB), Total Fecal Coliform Bacteria (TFC), Esccheriachia coli O157:H7 and Yeast and Mould. The Un-Branded juices (apple, banana, mango, orange, lemon and sugarcane) were microbiologically analyzed and showed that TPC were in the range of 9 x 10 -4 x 10 cfu/ml, TCB were in the 94 maximum value 210 (MPN/ml) for sugarcane juice and lowest 9.0 (MPN/ml) were calculated for orange juice. TFCB were absent in orange and lemon Juice, while apple, banana, mango and sugarcane juices were contaminated with TFC (MPN/ml) values 15, 23, 9.0 and 93 respectively. E. coli were present in apple, banana, mango and sugarcane juice, while it was absent in orange and lemon juices. The yeast and mould values (cfu/ml) 4 x 10 , 3 x 10 , 3 x 10 , 7 x 10 , 6 x 10 and 45 x10 were found in Apple, Banana, Mango, Orange, Lemon 56454 8 and Sugarcane juice respectively. The results of Branded juices (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6) indicated that all juices were free from any microbes, except P6 which have found 10 TPC (cfu/ml) and 50 (cfu/ml) yeast and Mould. The Escherichia Coli O157:H7 isolates were evaluated to different antibiotics susceptibility tests. It was observed that these isolates were resistant to Amoxyllin, Ampicillin and Cifloxacin. But the rest of antibiotics (Tetracycline, Gentamycin, Ofloxacin, Augmentin and Ciprofloxacin) showed inhibition zones which range from 22 mm-12 mm.
A Comparative Study of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Expression of CD1a , RANK and RANKL in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Jaw and Skull Lesions

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of conditions affecting the reticuloendothelial system. It includes Letterer-Siwe disease, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease and eosinophilic granuloma and most often presents in childhood. Materials and methods: Twenty-five cases of LCH were diagnosed histologically and confirmed by CD1a antibody and assessed immunohistochemically using anti-RANKL and anti-RANK antibodies to evaluate osteoclastogenic mechanism. Results: Regarding jaw cases, there was a significant correlation between CD1a and RANK (P=0.016). While in the skull, highly significant correlation existed between RANK and RANKL (p=0.001). Among the sites, there was no statistically significant difference found for each the immunohistochemical markers used. Conclusion: LCH of jaws and skull bear similar osteoclastogenic mechanism when quantified with RANK and RANKL immunostaining respectively. With a significant correlation between CD1a and RANK for jaw cases, while in the skull
How Does Hyperinflation Shock the Economy?: Panel VAR Approach

Using 48 country data for the period 1800-2010, we empirically investigate the effect of hyperinflations on the public debt, the primary surplus, and the real economy. Estimating a panel vector-autoregressive (VAR) model, we find that (i) hyperinflations permanently reduce public debt-to-GDP ratios; (ii) the reduction is closely related to the increase in the primary balances in response to hyperinflations; (iii) however, hyperinflations accompany dampening effects on the real economy, reducing GDP.
Social network analysis of construction companies operating in international markets: case of Turkish contractors

AbstractInvestigation of market entry strategies is critical for the success of international contractors. Establishing partnerships is among the most effective vehicles of operating in international markets. The major objective of this paper is to analyze the partnership behavior of contractors in overseas projects. In this respect, social network analysis (SNA) was used to better understand the collaborative project networks in different markets and for projects of differing sizes. A database was developed based on the collaborative international construction projects where Turkish firms and their non-Turkish partners were involved. A total of 449 projects carried out in 46 countries were used for the analysis. The findings of the study suggest that contractors adopt different strategies depending on the market and project characteristics. The majority of the companies tend to remain in the same markets; they keep working with the same partners or choose local partners; and engage with multiple partners.
Building an Online Repository of Teaching Resources to Facilitate Consistent and Good Quality Teaching of Postgraduates and Undergraduates in Medicine—A Preliminary Report

What is the role of radiology in these education efforts? Radiology encompasses the whole range of clinical imaging techniques, and provides in-vivo images of both normal, and disease states. Radiology images are currently used as a key clinical problem solving and educational resource in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, to provide a strong visual demonstration not only of normal form and function (anatomy, physiology and biochemistry), but also disease states (pathology and pathophysiology). Radiology images provide a central visual focus, and important investigative technique in the evaluation of clinical cases, and are used routinely in clinical problem solving. Radiology images can therefore be used not only in the training of specialist radiologists, but have a wider role in supporting medical education across the continuum of undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education. This paper, and symposium presentation, will describe our experience over the last 2 years, building up and using a repository of over 2000 online radiology cases, focused initially on neuroradiology and chest radiology; and will show how this has now led to the genesis of a new institution-wide initiative.
Land and Real Estate Price Sensitivity to a Disaster: Evidence from the 2011 Thai Floods

This paper investigates the impacts of a natural disaster on land and real estate prices. Using unique land and real estate price panel datasets for multiple periods, one group before and the other after the 2011 floods in Thailand, we find that the floods adversely affected land prices for industrial use. However, the prices of commercial and residential land did not decline despite substantial damages from the floods, suggesting a relative lack of liquidity or other frictions in the land and real estate markets in Thailand.
The Relationship of Corporate Governance and Firm Performance

This survey based research administered 300 questionnaires to the middle and top level managers of 130 Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) listed firms. The questionnaire used in this study was designed to study the relationship between corporate governance structure and firm performance. The findings of this research shows that among corporate governance dimensions, “commitment to corporate governance” , “transparency and disclosure” and “Structure and function of Board” have the highest middle and lowest mean values respectively assigned by the sample studied. Further regression analysis showed that “commitment to corporate governance” , “transparency and disclosure” have significant positive relationship with firm performance. Finally study find that “Structure and function of Board” has positive with firm performance that is not statistically significant. Key w ord : corporate governance, firm performance, commitment to corporate governance and transparency and disclosure
Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in diet of Northeast Arctic Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides)

This paper describes spatial, temporal and biotic patterns in the diet of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Walbaum) sampled from three different areas of the Barents Sea, namely the Hopen Deep (nursery area), the Bear Island Channel and the continental slope (spawning ground), during April 1996 to January 1998. Percentage of empty stomachs was based on 3294 specimens, and the relative importance of prey groups was assessed using stomach contents from 486 specimens. Multivariate analyses (i.e. Correspondence Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis) were applied to examine which variables could best account for dietary variation. Spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal components appeared to be most influential on the variation in diet composition, whereas biotic variables (i.e. predator size, sex and maturity stage) appeared to be of less importance. It is proposed that regional and seasonal differences in diet composition are caused by spatial and temporal variations in abundance and distribution of some of the major prey species, i.e. Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and capelin (Mallotus villosus). On the slope there were also clear ontogenetic changes in diet; in smaller Greenland halibut ( 700 m) than the larger ones.