Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating quality of life and well-being at the intersection of dementia care and creative engagement

Increasingly, art and design projects are used in dementia care settings to support the well-being of people living with dementia. However, the way well-being is defined and evaluated varies significantly in reporting. This study briefly examines the development of the concept of well-being and how it is intertwined with concepts of health and quality of life. It presents a scoping review of studies that use art and design to support the well-being of people living with dementia. We examined the characteristics and methodologies of the studies, how well-being is understood and operationalized, and how the outcomes are reported. The aim of this study was to understand whether there is any consistency in how well-being and related terminology are understood, the methodologies used, how projects are evaluated, the assessment tools used, and in what outcomes and implications are discussed. Results showed well-being and related terminology are used to reference the social, physical, states of mind and feelings, and in opposition to identified deficits. There was no consistent approach to how arts engagement for well-being in the dementia care space is carried out and evaluated. However, this study suggests that this is not necessarily problematic across arts engagement activities for well-being, providing the use of terminology and approaches, and means of evaluation are consistent and retain integrity within the design of individual projects. It suggests that well-designed projects provide frameworks that are able to take into account the many variables in relation to art and creativity and dementia care, and can offer transferability.
The limited role of comprehensive staging work‐up in ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue type (MALToma) with excellent prognosis

Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa. Cancer. 2001;92(3):657–62. 8. Zanotti R, Simioni L, Garcia-Montero AC, Perbellini O, Bonadonna P, Caruso B, et al. Somatic D816V KIT mutation in a case of adultonset familial mastocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(2):605– 7. 9. Broesby-Olsen S, Kristensen TK, Møller MB, Bindslev-Jensen C, Vestergaard H. Adult-onset systemic mastocytosis in monozygotic twins with KIT D816V and JAK2 V617F mutations. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130 (3):806–8. 10. Galat a G, Garc ıa-Montero AC, Kristensen T, Dawoud AAZ, Mu~ nozGonz alez JI, Meggendorfer M, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility loci for KIT D816V positive mastocytosis. Am J Hum Genet. 2021;108(2):284–94.
Single session services 1 RUNNING HEAD: SINGLE SESSION SERVICES Association between single session service attendance and clinical characteristics in administrative data

Background: A large proportion of young people accessing specialist mental health services will do so for only a single session. The aim of the present study was to describe the characteristics of young people attending specialist mental health services for a single session and to examine the association between single session attendance and clinical characteristics. Methods: To address this aim, a secondary analysis of administrative data on N = 23,300 young people (mean (SD) age = 12.73 (3.5) years, 57% female, 64% White British) was conducted. Results: Overall, the mean (SD) number of sessions attended was 4.33 (7.19) (median = 2, mode = 1, range 1-184, 95% confidence interval = 4.24-4.42), and 46% (10,669) had attended for only a single session. Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that boys; younger children; young people with behaviour difficulties, peer relationship difficulties, or low frequency problems; and young people with more complexity factors were more likely to attend services for only a single session. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the present study sets out three research questions to prompt future research and investigation on: 1) the experience of attending services for a single session, 2) identifying groups of single session attenders who do not require further support compared to those who are not able to sustain engagement with more sessions, and 3) whether new care pathways are needed for these groups of young people and families who currently access specialist mental health services for a single session. Single session services 4 Key practitioner message: • A large proportion of young people accessing specialist mental health services will do so for only a single session, and new models of service utilization are organized around the needs and preferences of young people, the professional skill-mixed required to meet these needs, and the expected resources required • In an analysis of a large administrative dataset, this study found that boys; younger children; young people with behaviour difficulties, peer relationship difficulties, or low frequency problems; and young people with more complexity factors were more likely to attend services for only a single session. • Future research is needed to examine the experience of attending services for a single session, to identify groups of single session attenders who do not require further support compared to those who are not able to sustain engagement with more sessions, and to explore whether new care pathways are needed for these groups of young people and families who currently access specialist mental health services for a single session Single session services 5 Association between single session service attendance and clinical characteristics in
More than motor impairment: A spatiotemporal analysis of cognitive impairment and associated neuropathological changes following cortical photothrombotic stroke

There is emerging evidence suggesting that a cortical stroke can cause delayed and remote hippocampal dysregulation, leading to cognitive impairment. In this study, we aimed to investigate motor and cognitive outcomes after experimental stroke, and their association with secondary neurodegenerative processes. Specifically, we used a photothrombotic stroke model targeting the motor and somatosensory cortices of mice. Motor function was assessed using the cylinder and grid walk tasks. Changes in cognition were assessed using a mouse touchscreen platform. Neuronal loss, gliosis and amyloid-β accumulation were investigated in the peri-infarct and ipsilateral hippocampal regions at 7, 28 and 84 days post-stroke. Our findings showed persistent impairment in cognitive function post-stroke, whilst there was a modest spontaneous motor recovery over the investigated period of 84 days. In the peri-infarct region, we detected a reduction in neuronal loss and decreased neuroinflammation over time post-stroke, which potentially explains the spontaneous motor recovery. Conversely, we observed persistent neuronal loss together with concomitant increased neuroinflammation and amyloid-β accumulation in the hippocampus, which likely accounts for the persistent cognitive dysfunction. Our findings indicate that cortical stroke induces secondary neurodegenerative processes in the hippocampus, a region remote from the primary infarct, potentially contributing to the progression of post-stroke cognitive impairment.
Nature of native oxide on GaN surface and its reaction with Al

In this letter, we describe the surface properties of GaN thin films grown on sapphire substrate by molecular beam epitaxy, as revealed by ultraviolet and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic and Auger electron spectroscopic studies. The samples are seen to contain overlayer of native oxides, which are predominantly in the Ga2O3 form. Ammonia is shown to be a good etchant for these native oxides. Furthermore, we investigated the early stages of the reaction of monolayer Al with a GaN surface covered with native oxide. Aluminum reacts preferentially with the surface oxygen and leads to the formation of a mixture of oxides at the interface.
Validation of the bovine blood calcium checker as a rapid and simple measuring tool for the ionized calcium concentration in cattle

Point-of-care (POC) devices that veterinary practitioners can use to easily and rapidly measure blood ionized calcium (iCa) levels in cows immediately after withdrawing a blood sample on the dairy farm are needed. Aims of present studies was to compare the commercially available ion-selective electrode handheld iCa meter (bovine blood iCa checker) with the benchtop blood gas analyzer GEM premier 3500 and handheld analyzer i-STAT 1. Sixty-two paired-point whole blood samples were obtained from three cows with hypocalcemia experimentally induced by Na2-EDTA infusion. Whole blood samples were also obtained from the 36 cows kept on a farm in field conditions. The results using the bovine blood iCa checker correlated with those using the GEM premier 3500 and i-STAT 1. Bovine blood iCa checker was “compatible” with the GEM premier 3500 and i-STAT 1 because the frequency of differences between the measurements within ± 20% of the mean were 100% (65/65, >75%) and 90.8% (59/65, >75%), respectively. In the field trial, the blood iCa concentration measured by the bovine blood Ca checker was significantly positively correlated with that measured by the i-STAT 1 portable analyzer. Bovine blood iCa checker was “compatible” with the i-STAT 1 because the frequency of differences between the measurements within ± 20% of the mean was 100% (36/36, >75%). Results from these findings, the bovine blood iCa checker may be applied as a simplified system to measure the iCa concentration in bovine whole blood.
Cardiac Tamponade During Tocilizumab Therapy in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Anti-DNA Antibody Positivity

Drug-induced lupus (DIL) is a drug-mediated immune reaction with the same symptoms as that of lupus erythematosus. We herein report the first case of tocilizumab-induced lupus syndrome presenting with cardiac tamponade. A 65-year-old man presented with cough, exertional dyspnea, and chest pain after 2 months of tocilizumab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Echocardiography revealed marked pericardial effusion. Antinuclear antibodies and anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies were positive. The diagnosis of cardiac tamponade due to tocilizumab-induced lupus syndrome was made. He had no recurrence of pericardial effusion after tocilizumab discontinuation. Clinicians should be alert for lupus syndrome in patients receiving tocilizumab.
An atlas of the binding specificities of transcription factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa directs prediction of novel regulators in virulence

A high-throughput systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment assay was applied to 371 putative TFs in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which resulted in the robust enrichment of 199 unique sequence motifs describing the binding specificities of 182 TFs. By scanning the genome, we predicted in total 33,709 significant interactions between TFs and their target loci, which were more than 11-fold enriched in the intergenic regions but depleted in the gene body regions. To further explore and delineate the physiological and pathogenic roles of TFs in P. aeruginosa, we constructed regulatory networks for nine major virulence-associated pathways and found that 51 TFs were potentially significantly associated with these virulence pathways, 32 of which had not been characterized before, and some were even involved in multiple pathways. These results will significantly facilitate future studies on transcriptional regulation in P. aeruginosa and other relevant pathogens, and accelerate to discover effective treatment and prevention strategies for the associated infectious diseases.
Responses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during the transition from P‐deficient to P‐sufficient growth (the P‐overplus response): The roles of the vacuolar transport chaperones and polyphosphate synthesis

Phosphorus (P) assimilation and polyphosphate (polyP) synthesis were investigated in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by supplying phosphate (PO43−; 10 mg P·L−1) to P‐depleted cultures of wildtypes, mutants with defects in genes involved in the vacuolar transporter chaperone (VTC) complex, and VTC‐complemented strains. Wildtype C. reinhardtii assimilated PO43− and stored polyP within minutes of adding PO43− to cultures that were P‐deprived, demonstrating that these cells were metabolically primed to assimilate and store PO43−. In contrast, vtc1 and vtc4 mutant lines assayed under the same conditions never accumulated polyP, and PO43− assimilation was considerably decreased in comparison with the wildtypes. In addition, to confirm the bioinformatics inferences and previous experimental work that the VTC complex of C. reinhardtii has a polyP polymerase function, these results evidence the influence of polyP synthesis on PO43− assimilation in C. reinhardtii. RNA‐sequencing was carried out on C. reinhardtii cells that were either P‐depleted (control) or supplied with PO43− following P depletion (treatment) in order to identify changes in the levels of mRNAs correlated with the P status of the cells. This analysis showed that the levels of VTC1 and VTC4 transcripts were strongly reduced at 5 and 24 h after the addition of PO43− to the cells, although polyP granules were continuously synthesized during this 24 h period. These results suggest that the VTC complex remains active for at least 24 h after supplying the cells with PO43−. Further bioassays and sequence analyses suggest that inositol phosphates may control polyP synthesis via binding to the VTC SPX domain.
Comprehensive Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of First-Line β-Blocker Monotherapy in Hypertensive Patients

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Evidence for the effectiveness and safety of the third-generation β-blockers other than atenolol in hypertension remains scarce. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of β-blockers as first-line treatment for hypertension using 3 databases in the United States: 2 administrative claims databases and 1 electronic health record–based database from 2001 to 2018. In each database, comparative effectiveness of β-blockers for the risks of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure was assessed, using large-scale propensity adjustment and empirical calibration. Estimates were combined across databases using random-effects meta-analyses. Overall, 118 133 and 267 891 patients initiated third-generation β-blockers (carvedilol and nebivolol) or atenolol, respectively. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and most metabolic complications were not different between the third-generation β-blockers versus atenolol after propensity score matching and empirical calibration (HR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.74–1.55] for acute myocardial infarction; HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.87–1.31] for stroke; HR, 1.46 [95% CI, 0.99–2.24] for hospitalized heart failure). Third-generation β-blockers were associated with significantly higher risk of stroke than ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.03–1.72]) and thiazide diuretics (HR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.17–2.20]). In conclusion, this study found many patients with first-line β-blocker monotherapy for hypertension and no statistically significant differences in the effectiveness and safety comparing atenolol with third-generation β-blockers. Patients on third-generation β-blockers had a higher risk of stroke than those on ACE inhibitors and thiazide diuretics.
Endothelial Dysfunction during Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by high cardiovascular risk, which is further amplified during acute COPD exacerbations (AECOPD). Endothelial dysfunction has been previously suggested as one of the potential pathogenetic mechanisms. In order to study the effects of AECOPD on endothelial function assessed by available functional methods, we performed a literature search involving Pubmed and Scopus databases. Eligible studies were those that included adult patients with COPD and evaluated endothelial damage via semi-invasive or noninvasive functional methods, during AECOPD and after recovery or in stable condition. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to evaluate the quality of retrieved studies. Endothelial function was significantly impaired during AECOPD compared to recovery/stable condition (SMD: −0.87, 95%CI [−1.19, −0.55]). Patients during AECOPD presented a significantly worse response in endothelium-dependent (flow-mediated dilatation WMD: −2.59, 95%CI [−3.75, −1.42]) and independent vasodilation (nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation WMD: −3.13, 95%CI [−5.18, −1.09]) compared to recovery. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the above results. In conclusion, endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation is worse during AECOPD compared to the stable condition. Endothelial dysfunction could play a role in the high cardiovascular risk during AECOPD.
Efficacy of Extensive Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation With Trigger-Based vs. Substrate-Based Mechanisms　- A Prespecified Subanalysis of the EARNEST-PVI Trial.

BACKGROUND Extensive ablation in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) would be effective for modification of non-pulmonary vein (non-PV) substrates, whereas PVI might be sufficient for elimination of PV triggers. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that in patients with reproducible atrial fibrillation (AF) triggered by premature atrial contractions originating only from PVs, PVI alone can be sufficient to maintain sinus rhythm.Methods and Results:This study is a prespecified subanalysis of the EARNEST-PVI randomized controlled trial. This study investigated the efficacy of the PVI-alone strategy (PVI-alone) in comparison with the extensive strategy (PVI-plus) for persistent AF with a trigger-based mechanism vs. a substrate-based mechanism. Patients were stratified into 3 groups based on AF mechanisms: (1) Substrate group (N=236); (2) PV trigger group (N=236); and (3) non-PV trigger group (N=24). The hazard ratios for AF recurrence of the PVI-alone strategy with reference to the PVI-plus strategy were 1.456 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.864-2.452]) in the substrate group, 1.648 (95% CI 0.969-2.801) in the PV trigger group, and 0.937 (95% CI 0.252-3.488) in the non-PV trigger group. No significant interaction between ablation strategy and AF mechanism was observed (P for interaction=0.748). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the efficacies of the PVI-alone strategy compared with the PVI-plus strategy were consistent across persistent AF with trigger-based and substrate-based mechanisms.
Organic agricultural practice enhances arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in correspondence to soil warming and altered precipitation patterns.

Climate and agricultural practice interact to influence both crop production and soil microbes in agroecosystems. Here, we carried out a unique experiment in Central Germany to simultaneously investigate the effects of climates (ambient climate vs. future climate expected in 50-70 years), agricultural practices (conventional vs. organic farming), and their interaction on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inside wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots. AMF communities were characterised using Illumina sequencing of 18S rRNA gene amplicons. We showed that climatic conditions and agricultural practices significantly altered total AMF community composition. Conventional farming significantly affected the AMF community and caused a decline in AMF richness. Factors shaping AMF community composition and richness at family level differed greatly among Glomeraceae, Gigasporaceae, and Diversisporaceae. An interactive impact of climate and agricultural practices was detected in the community composition of Diversisporaceae. Organic farming mitigated the negative effect of future climate and promoted total AMF and Gigasporaceae richness. AMF richness was significantly linked with nutrient content of wheat grains under both agricultural practices. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Measurement of dynamic membrane mechanosensation using optical tweezers

Many cellular processes are orchestrated by dynamic changes in the plasma membrane to form membrane projections and endocytic vesicles in response to extracellular environmental changes. Our previous studies show that ARF6-ACAP4-ezrin signaling regulates membrane dynamics and curvature in response to EGF stimulation. However, there is no quantitative measurement to relate molecular organization of membrane cytoskeletal remodeling to stimulus-elicited mechanosensation on the plasma membrane. Optical tweezers is a powerful tool in the study of membrane tension. Comparing to pulling out an entire membrane tether at one time, the step-like method is more efficient because multiple relaxation curves can be obtained from one membrane tether. Fewer models describe relaxation curves to characterize mechanical properties of cell membrane. Here we establish a new method to measure the membrane relaxation curve of HeLa cells judged by the relationship between membrane tether diameter and tensions. We obtained effective viscosities and static tensions by fitting relaxation curves to our model. We noticed the delicate structure of relaxation curves contains information of cytoskeletal remodeling and lateral protein diffusion. Our study established a quantitative measure to characterize the mechanosensation of epithelial cells in response to stimulus-elicited membrane dynamics.
The Crosstalk between Melatonin and Sex Steroid Hormones

Melatonin, an indolamine mainly released from the pineal gland, is associated with many biological functions, namely, the modulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep inducer, regulator of energy metabolism, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic. Although several pieces of evidence also recognize the influence of melatonin in the reproductive physiology, the crosstalk between melatonin and sex hormones is not clear. Here, we review the effects of sex differences in the circulating levels of melatonin and update the current knowledge on the link between sex hormones and melatonin. Furthermore, we explore the effects of melatonin on gonadal steroidogenesis and hormonal control in females. The literature review shows that despite the strong evidence that sex differences impact on the circadian profiles of melatonin, reports are still considerably ambiguous, and these differences may arise from several factors, like the use of contraceptive pills, hormonal status, and sleep deprivation. Furthermore, there has been an inconclusive debate about the characteristics of the reciprocal relationship between melatonin and reproductive hormones. In this regard, there is evidence for the role of melatonin in gonadal steroidogenesis brought about by research that shows that melatonin affects multiple transduction pathways that modulate Sertoli cell physiology and consequently spermatogenesis, and also estrogen and progesterone production. From the outcome of our research, it is possible to conclude that understanding the correlation between melatonin and reproductive hormones is crucial for the correction of several complications occurring during pregnancy, like preeclampsia, and for the control of climacteric symptoms.