Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Future Diabetes in Latino Women With Gestational Diabetes: Utility of Early Postpartum Glucose Tolerance Testing

We tested 32 routine clinical parameters for their ability to discriminate between a high risk and a low risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) within 5–7 years after pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Latino women (n = 671) with GDM who did not have diabetes 4–16 weeks after delivery returned for at least one 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) within 7.5 years. Multivariate analysis was used to identify parameters ascertained during or immediately after the index pregnancy that were independently associated with the development of diabetes during follow-up. Life table analysis revealed a 47% cumulative incidence rate of NIDDM 5 years after delivery for this cohort of patients who did not have diabetes at the initial postpartum examination. Four variables were identified as independent predictors of NIDDM: the area under the OGTT glucose curve at 4–16 weeks postpartum, the gestational age at the time of diagnosis of GDM, the area under the OGTT glucose curve during pregnancy, and the highest fasting serum glucose concentration during pregnancy. Examination of relative risks (RRs) of NIDDM between the highest and lowest quartiles of the cohort for each variable, adjusted for the other three variables, revealed that the postpartum OGTT provided the best discrimination between high-risk and low-risk individuals (adjusted RR = 11.5 [95% confidence interval 4.5–29.1] compared with adjusted RRs of only 0.5–2.5 for the other three variables). Women who met World Health Organization criteria for impaired glucose tolerance at the early postpartum examination had a 5-year unadjusted 80% risk of diabetes, which was much higher than the risk of NIDDM that has been reported for Latino people with impaired glucose tolerance who were not selected for a history of GDM. Our findings indicate that postpartum glucose tolerance testing is superior to other routine clinical parameters in defining the risk of NIDDM within 5–7 years after pregnancies complicated by GDM. Furthermore, a history of GDM appears to impart a specific risk for NIDDM that cannot be explained by the degree of glucose tolerance observed when patients are not pregnant.
Expression of Kv4.3 Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in Rat Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons During the Estrous Cycle

Regular and timely electrical activity of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons accompanies the pulsatile release of GnRH that plays a central role in regulating fertility. Although transient outward A-type currents (IA) have been electrophysiologically identified in GnRH neurons, the molecular identity of the channels that underlie these currents are unknown. Several families of voltage-gated potassium channels can underlie IA. However, the biophysical properties of IA described in previous electrophysiological studies are strongly characteristic of members of the Kv4 family of voltage-gated channels. We, therefore, sought to determine the presence of Kv4 channels in GnRH neurons. We used reverse transcriptase−polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis to determine whether Kv4 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein are present in the rat medial preoptic area (MPOA) and median eminence (ME). We used double-label immunohistochemistry to determine whether Kv4 colocalized with GnRH cell bodies in the MPOA and GnRH axons in the ME. Kv4.3 channels co-localized with GnRH in the MPOA but not in the ME. Neither Kv4.2 nor Kv4.1 co-localized with GnRH in either the MPOA or the ME. The electrical activity of GnRH neurons changes dramatically during the estrous cycle. We, therefore, studied the change in Kv4.3 expression in GnRH neurons during the estrous cycle. In the estrus phase, 58.05% of GnRH neurons expressed Kv4.3 compared to 74.48% in diestrus−proestrus rats (P < .05). Our data suggest that Kv4.3 is the major molecular component of IA in GnRH neurons, and furthermore that the expression of Kv4.3 changes significantly during the rat estrous cycle.
Program Costs for Individual Development Accounts: Final Figures From Captc in Tulsa

What does it cost a non-profit community organization to run a “high-touch” program for Individual Development Accounts (IDAs)? This paper presents final unit-cost estimates (updating Schreiner 2002a and 2000a) for the Community Action Project of Tulsa County. A participant-month of IDA services had program costs of about $61 (excluding matches). With net monthly IDA savings of about $20 per participant, $1 saved in an IDA cost about $3. Benefits were not measured, so it is not known whether they exceed costs. In any case, knowledge of costs helps inform IDA policy. While not precluding complementary “hightouch”, targeted, time-limited, community-based IDA programs with state, local, or private funding to provide financial education and other supports, it seems likely that an inclusive, permanent IDA program would require a high-tech, “low-touch” basic design run by low-cost asset managers with federal funding. Acknowledgments I am thankful for help from Margaret Clancy, Lissa Johnson, and Michael Sherraden, and for support from the staff at CAPTC: Monica Armstrong, Leisa Crawford, Pat Douthitt, Steven Dow, Paula Ellis, Patrick Forster, Karen Gibbons, Liz Hill, Joyce Hodges, Michelle Hughes, Pamela Smith, Danny Snow, Kermit Swindall, and especially Kim Cowden, Virilyaih Davis, Jennifer Robey, and Rachel Trares. I am grateful to the foundations that funded the American Dream Demonstration, especially the Ford Foundation, the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, the F.B. Heron Foundation, and the Metropolitan Life Foundation.
A Compensation Management (Case Study At District Government of Kutai Kartanegara)

The objectives of this research are to describe the compensation management in District Government of Kutai Kartanegara that consists of planning compensation management, organizing compensation management, actuating compensation management, and controlling compensation management.The findings indicate that (1) Compensation management plan formulates the objectives and requirements that is to arrange employees, motivate improve performance, improve prosperity and spur and improve productivity and quality in providing services to the community and improve the orderly administration of local finance. (2) In Organizing, Procedure for the payment of additional income shall be made monthly, the procedure and the payment mechanism according to the prevailing laws and regulations. (3) Implementation of compensation management are the ongoing compensation process and compensation practice is provided. Requirements to be fulfilled by the employee in compensation (4) Control and evaluation shall be performed by each Local government agency (SKPD) for employees through performance and attendance performance to identify the beneficiary in accordance with the data provided by each local government agency (SKPD)
Methionine-and S-adenosyl methionine-mediated repression in a methionyl-transfer ribonucleic-acid synthetase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain unable to grow at 38 C and bearing a modified methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase has been studied. It has been shown that, in this mutant, the percentage of tRNAmet charged in vivo paralleled the degree of repressibility of methionine biosynthetic enzymes by exogenous methionine. On the contrary, the repression mediated by exogenous S-adenosylmethionine does not correlate with complete acylation of tRNAmet. Althought McLaughlin and Hartwell reported previously that the thermosensitivity and the defect in the methionyl-tRNA synthetase were due to the same genetic lesion (1969), no diffenence could be found in the methionyl-tRNA synthetase activity or in the pattern of repressibility of methionine biosynthetic pathway after growth at the premissive and at a semipermissive temperature. It appears that the mutant also exhibits some other modified characters that render unlikely the existence of only one genetic lesion in this strain. A genetic study of this mutant was undertaken which led to the conclusion that the thermosensitivity and the other defects are not related to the methionyl-tRNA synthetase modification. It was shown that the modified repressibility of methionine biosynthetic enzymes by methionine and the lack of acylation of tRNAmet in vivo follow the methionyl-tRNA synthetase modification. These results are in favor of the idea that methionyl-tRNAmet, more likely than methionine, is implicated in the regulation of the biosynthesis of methionine.
COPPER RESPONSE REGULATOR1–Dependent and –Independent Responses of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Transcriptome to Dark Anoxia[W]

This work examines the transcriptomic responses of Chlamydomonas to the combined conditions of anoxia and darkness, finding that the cells implement acclimation strategies to save and generate energy using all available resources and that COPPER RESPONSE REGULATOR1, a transcription factor involved in signaling in hypoxia and copper deficiency, plays an important role in these responses. Anaerobiosis is a stress condition for aerobic organisms and requires extensive acclimation responses. We used RNA-Seq for a whole-genome view of the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to anoxic conditions imposed simultaneously with transfer to the dark. Nearly 1.4 × 103 genes were affected by hypoxia. Comparing transcript profiles from early (hypoxic) with those from late (anoxic) time points indicated that cells activate oxidative energy generation pathways before employing fermentation. Probable substrates include amino acids and fatty acids (FAs). Lipid profiling of the C. reinhardtii cells revealed that they degraded FAs but also accumulated triacylglycerols (TAGs). In contrast with N-deprived cells, the TAGs in hypoxic cells were enriched in desaturated FAs, suggesting a distinct pathway for TAG accumulation. To distinguish transcriptional responses dependent on COPPER RESPONSE REGULATOR1 (CRR1), which is also involved in hypoxic gene regulation, we compared the transcriptomes of crr1 mutants and complemented strains. In crr1 mutants, ∼40 genes were aberrantly regulated, reaffirming the importance of CRR1 for the hypoxic response, but indicating also the contribution of additional signaling strategies to account for the remaining differentially regulated transcripts. Based on transcript patterns and previous results, we conclude that nitric oxide–dependent signaling cascades operate in anoxic C. reinhardtii cells.
Funding Allocations Strategies for Improving Nonprofit Organizations' Effectiveness and Sustainability

Funding Allocations Strategies for Improving Nonprofit Organizations’ Effectiveness and Sustainability by Jaime Lynn Friedel MS, University of Mary Washington, 2010 BS, University of Mary Washington, 2007 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University July 2018
Disability from depression: The public health challenge to primary care

Epidemiologists have identified that depression will soon be the leading cause of disability throughout the world. To inform public health campaigns to reduce this problem, this paper summarizes current scientific knowledge about optimizing the potential of primary care settings to reduce disability by providing effective treatment for depression. To meet this challenge, primary care practices need to be re-engineered: 1) to conduct systematic screening programs to identify depressed patients, 2) to provide depressed patients initial evidence-based treatment, and 3) to monitor treatment adherence and symptom response in treated patients over 2 years. While additional research is needed in developing countries, preliminary evidence indicates that primary care practices re-engineered to improve depression management can make a substantial contribution to reducing depression-associated disability.
Delay in time to receipt of thrombolytic medication among Medicare patients with kidney disease.

BACKGROUND Patients with kidney disease and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) receive standard therapy, including thrombolytic medication, less frequently than patients with normal kidney function. Our goal is to identify potential differences in thrombolytic medication delays and thrombolytic-associated bleeding events by severity of kidney disease. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort analysis of Cooperative Cardiovascular Project data for all Medicare patients with AMI from 4,601 hospitals. Outcome measures included time to administration of thrombolytic medication censored at 6 hours and bleeding events. RESULTS Of 109,169 patients (mean age, 77.4 years; 50.6% women), 13.9% received thrombolysis therapy. Average time to thrombolytic therapy was longer in patients with worse kidney function. Adjusted hazard ratios for minutes to thrombolytic therapy were 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 0.87) for patients with a serum creatinine level of 1.6 to 2.0 mg/dL (141 to 177 micromol/L) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.63) for patients with a creatinine level greater than 2.0 mg/dL (>177 micromol/L) or on dialysis therapy compared with those with normal kidney function. Odds ratios for bleeding events in patients administered thrombolytics versus those who were not decreased with worse kidney function: adjusted odds ratios, 2.28 (95% CI, 2.16 to 2.42) in patients with normal kidney function and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.09 to 3.10) in dialysis patients. CONCLUSION Patients with worse kidney function experienced treatment delays, but were not at greater risk for thrombolysis-associated excess bleeding events. Physician concerns of thrombolytic-associated bleeding may not be sufficient reason to delay the administration of thrombolytic medication.
Effect of enzymatic protein deamidation on protein solubility and flavor binding properties of soymilk.

UNLABELLED The effect of enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase (PG) on protein solubility and flavor binding potential of soymilk was studied. Treatment of soymilk with PG for 2 h (temperature of 44 °C and enzyme:substrate ratio (E/S) of 40 U/g protein) resulted in high degree of protein deamidation (66.4% DD) and relatively low degree of protein hydrolysis (4.25% DH). Deamidated (DSM) and control soymilks (CSM) did not differ with respect to aroma, but differed in taste characteristics by sensory evaluation. Protein solubility in DSM was enhanced at weakly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), but did not differ from non-deamidated soymilk at pH values of 3.0 and 7.0. Odor detection thresholds for the flavor compounds vanillin and maltol were approximately 5 and 3 fold lower, respectively, in DSM than in CSM. Dose-response curves (Fechner's law plots and n exponents from Stevens's power law) further demonstrated that DSM had a lower flavor binding potential than CSM. PG deamidation has the potential to reduce flavor binding problems encountered in high protein-containing foods and beverages. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The findings of this study can help lead to the development of technology to produce protein-containing foods with improved functional properties, especially protein solubility, and potentially decreased flavor fade problems associated with flavor-protein interactions, especially with carbonyl containing flavor compounds.
Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the proximal femur: preliminary experience in healthy children.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to use dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to evaluate the perfusion characteristics of the proximal femur in the growing skeleton. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 159 subjects (mean age, 5.67 years) who underwent a well-controlled protocol of contrast-enhanced MRI of the abdomen and hips. Perfusion and permeability parameters (enhancement ratio peak, AUC, time to peak, and rate of extraction) for six regions of the proximal femur were calculated. RESULTS A decrease with age was found for all contrast kinetics parameters in all regions (p < 0.001). Perfusion parameters differed between the regions (p < 0.001). The highest perfusion and permeability parameters were found in the metaphyseal spongiosa, metaphyseal marrow, and periosteum. The metaphyseal spongiosa had a highly vascular pattern of enhancement and showed the highest enhancement ratio peak, AUC, and rate of extraction and the lowest time to peak. The metaphyseal marrow showed a vascular pattern of enhancement with a lower peak compared with the metaphyseal spongiosa. The periosteum showed prompt nonvascular contrast enhancement that reached a plateau that remained elevated. CONCLUSION The highest enhancement was seen in areas involved with growth: the metaphyseal spongiosa, which is related to endochondral ossification, and the periosteal cambium, which is related to membranous ossification. The enhancement characteristics are radically different: in the spongiosa; enhancement is brisk and declines, with a vascular pattern, whereas contrast uptake increases with time in the periosteum. Recognition of normal enhancement patterns of the proximal femur is important for distinguishing normal development from pathologic processes.
Polycythemia and renal infarction in a bodybuilder.

### Learning Point for Clinicians Anabolic steroid androgens must be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal infarction in bodybuilders. This case highlights the importance of an accurate drug history in this type of patients. An imprecise drug history can induce costly, time consuming and unnecessary diagnostic procedures. These in turn can lead to an inappropriate therapeutic approach to misdiagnosed conditions. A 40-year-old patient with irrelevant medical history presented at the emergency room with a severe pain in the right lower back. The onset of the pain was acute and present for 24 h before the admission. He had no other complains. He was an amateur weight lifter and he did not report any illicit use of drugs. His physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory findings revealed a haemoglobin of 17.9 g/dl and a …
Age‐dependent growth rate of primary breast cancer

Background. Currently, there have been no reports of clear‐cut beneficial effects of regular screening with mammography at a mean screening interval of 2 years in women younger than 50 years of age. It may be that, because of a higher growth rate of breast cancer, more frequent screening is necessary if any effect is to be observed in this age group. However, good quantitative estimates for the growth rate in different age groups are lacking.
Thiazolidinediones Inhibit Osteoclast-Like Cell Formation and Bone Resorption in Vitro1.

Osteoblasts and adipocytes are derived from common bone marrow stromal cells that play crucial roles in the generation of osteoclasts. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) induces adipogenic differentiation of stromal cells; however, whether this would affect osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation is unknown. Thus, we examined the effects of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of antidiabetic agents that activate PPARgamma on osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation using mouse whole bone marrow cell culture. As reported, all TZDs we tested (troglitazone, pioglitazone, and BRL 49653) markedly increased the number of Oil Red O-positive adipocytes and the expression of adipsin and PPARgamma 2. 1alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] did not affect adipogenic differentiation induced by TZDs. TZDs did not affect alkaline phosphatase activity, an early marker of osteoblastic differentiation, despite their marked adipogenic effects. TZDs decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated osteoclast-like cells induced by 1,25-(OH)2D3 or PTH. Troglitazone dose dependently inhibited basal and 1,25-(OH)2D3- and PTH-induced bone resorption as assessed by pit formation assay. Interleukin-11 blocked the induction by troglitazone of adipogenesis, but had no effect on the inhibition of osteoclast-like cell formation. These results indicate that TZDs are potent inhibitors of bone resorption in vitro. Inhibitory effects of TZDs on osteoclastic bone resorption was not osteotropic factor specific and did not appear to be related to their adipogenic effects. Thus, TZDs may suppress bone resorption in diabetic patients and prevent bone loss.
Research on the impact of market competition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility

Abstract:This article takes companies listed from 2014 to 2016 as research objects, relies on principal-agent theory, stakeholder theories, and reputation theories, and examines the ownership structure, market competition, and corporate social responsibility(CSR) using a multiple regression approach based on a hybrid ownership perspective. At the same time, the relationship between market competition and equity structure was studied. Research shows that product competition degree and CSR are in an inverted â€œUâ€ relationship; ownership concentration is positively related to CSR; equity balance and CSR are negative. When related to market competition variables, the mixed-owned companies listed degree of ownership concentration is still positively related to CSR,and the linear relationship of negative balance of ownership balance becomes an inverted â€œUâ€shaped curve relationship.The market Competition has improved the restraint of CSR by the degree of ownership balance.
Reentrainment of Rat Circadian Activity Rhythms: Effects of Melatonin

Experiments were conducted to determine whether daily melatonin injections could influence reentrainment of circadian locomotor activity rhythms in male Long‐Evans rats after phase shifts of the light dark (LD) cycle. When exposed to a 5‐h advance of the LD cycle, six out of 15 rats injected daily with melatonin at the new dark onset reentrained by a phase delay of the activity rhythm. The remaining nine melatonin‐injected rats and 14 of the 15 control injected rats phase advanced. Daily melatonin injections administered at the old dark onset did not alter direction of reentraining transients but decreased latency to reach steady‐state entrainment. In contrast, the effects of melatonin injections given at the end of both the old and new dark periods are difficult to interpret due to the effects of the injection procedure itself at these times. Following an 8‐h advance of the LD cycle, all melatonin‐injected rats phase advanced while all vehicle and uninjected control rats phase delayed when injections were given at the old dark onset. As has been found in other research areas, the time of day of melatonin administration appears to be a critical factor in its mode of action. It is yet to be established whether these results from the use of pharmacological doses of melatonin are indicative of endogenous melatonin's involvement in the circadian reentrainment mechanism.
Modélisation des appareillages Électriques dans une base de connaissances dynamique

Cet article présente le résultat de travaux réalisés dans le cadre d’un projet stratégique et pluridisciplinaire, ayant comme partenaires Hydro-Québec et l’École Polytechnique de Montréal, et visant à concevoir et développer une base de connaissances pour modéliser les équipements électriques dans le contexte de leur fonctionnement en réseau.
Chronic airway disease: the infection connection.

disease. In the longitudinal studies we cultured these people every three months when they weren't sick. We have a baseline of virus cultures in people who are well. We have found about a 1-2% virus recovery when someone says he is ill. This may reflect a chronic infection or a chronic shedding from a previous recent illness. This 1-2% is much lower than what we recorded during the actual illness episodes. We did serologic studies and we found that many of the infections with acute and convalescent sera showed significant rises in specific virus antibody.