Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The structure and melting transition of two-dimensional colloidal alloys

We study theoretically the structure and melting transition of two-dimensional (2D) binary mixtures of colloidal particles interacting via a dipole–dipole potential. Using a lattice sum method, we find that at zero temperature (T = 0) the system forms a rich variety of stable crystalline phases whose structure depends on the composition and dipole moment ratio. Using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, we also find that the melting temperature of the different T = 0 structures is a very strong and non-monotonic function of composition. For example, from a direct analysis of the radial distribution function vs.temperature, we find that the melting temperature of hexagonal AB2 and AB6 phases is three orders of magnitude higher than that of hexagonal AB5. Finally the melting transition for our binary colloidal system is found to proceed via at least two stages for hexagonal AB2 and AB6 and at least three stages for hexagonal AB5 and is thus much richer compared to the melting transition of 2D one component colloidal systems.
MicroBotNet: Low Power Neural Networks for Microrobots

—We present MicroBotNet, a neural network architecture for image classiﬁcation with fewer than 1 million multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations. We wish to explore architectures suitable for microrobots with a goal of less than 1 µ J per forward-pass. We estimate this to be feasible with 1 million MAC operations. MicroBotNet achieves 80.47% accuracy with 740,000 MAC operations on CIFAR-10. Additionally, 60% of weights are quantized to { � 1 , 0 , +1 } using Trained Ternary Quantization. We also evaluate MicroBotNet on our Micro Robot Dataset, which is composed of 10 image classes a microrobot may encounter such as acorns, mushrooms, and ladybugs. After applying transfer learning, MicroBotNet achieves 67.80% accuracy on the Micro Robot Dataset. Finally, we test MicroBotNet on acorn images simulating a microrobot. MicroBotNet correctly identify the acorn in 7 out of 8 cases when approaching an acorn and 15 out of 16 cases from different angles using a best of last three frames ﬁlter.
The comparative quantum chemical study of the epoxidation reaction mechanism of eugenol and isoeugenol with peracetic and perbenzoic acids

Aim. To study the kinetics of the epoxidation reaction for eugenol and isoeugenol with perbenzoic acid, carry out the comparative quantum chemical study of the epoxidation reaction mechanism of eugenol and isoeugenol isomers (2-cis and 2-trans) with peracetic and perbenzoic acids. Results and discussion. The kinetics of the epoxidation reaction of isomeric terpenoids eugenol and isoeugenol with perbenzoic acid in the medium of methylene chloride medium at 293 K was studied using the method of iodometric titration. It was shown that the rate constant of the epoxidation reaction for eugenol was in 5.5 times higher than for isoeugenol. According to the results of quantum chemical calculations using the UBH&HLYP/6-31G (d) approximation, the structures of transition states of eugenol and isoeugenol formed during the epoxidation reactions studied were proposed, and the activation energies for the corresponding reactions were calculated. Based on the results of the studies conducted it was found that the ratio of the activation energies during the interaction of eugenol and isoeugenol with peracetic and perbenzoic acids showed the higher reactivity of isoeugenol. Experimental part. To study the kinetics of the epoxidation reaction the method of iodometric titration was used. The method of the functional density (software Gaussian 09, approximation UBH&HLYP/6-31G (d)) was applied for calculation. Conclusions. The results of the quantum chemical study of the epoxidation reaction mechanism of eugenol and isoeugenol are consistent with the kinetic data experimentally obtained; it confirms the correctness of using the UBH&HLYP/6-31G (d) approximation for studying the features of epoxidation of isomeric terpenoids with organic peracids.
The Permian-Triassic of the Gartnerkofel-1 Core (Carnic Alps, Austria): lllite Crystallinity in Shaly Sediments and its Comparison with Pre-Variscan Sequences

lllite crystallinity [IC] data (KuBLER-index) in Upper Permian (Bellerophon Formation) and Lower Triassic (Werfen Formation) marine shaley sediments from the drill-core Gartnerkofel-1 (central Camic Alps, Austria) mainly indicate advanced diagenetic conditions (n = 56; ICmean = O.62°820; standard deviation = 0.091). Independent of any preparation effects, the samples of lower carbonate content had poorer IC. The variance of all ICmean values from bottom to top (IC O.74-O.34°620) is caused mainly by lithological factors and is typical for the diagenetic realm. Thus, cores of detrital white micas preserved the inherited metamorphic conditions from their continental source areas and show good IC orderings (IC<O.42°ö20). In post-diagenetic illite growth fringes poor crystallinity (IC>O.42°820) is manifest, due to the small overburden overlying the south-Alpine Permo-Triassic. The thermal conditions during Alpine metamorphism, however, have been too low to approximate the varying grades of IC in the Permian/Lower Triassic sediments of the Carnic Alps. Equilibration of IC, as a result of regional anchimetamorphism, begins stratigraphically deeper as noted in the nearby Kronhofgraben section at the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary. Scarce 1Md illite polytypes (2MT illite polytypes are common) as well as the presence of mixed-layer illite/smectite (<10 %) in the uppermost parts of the Werfen Formation are in good agreement with this interpretation. Setting one result against the other, the thermal conditions generally suffered in the Gartnerkofel-1 core can be constrained to between 130°C and 200°C by comparison with various well-studied localities (H.J. KISCH, 1987: Tab. 7.1 f.). This corresponds to an estimated Mesozoic overburden of about 4000 meters, of which about 3300 meters have been eroded up to the present. At the Permian/Triassic boundary (6.5 m Tesero Horizon) IC increases distinctly. Burial and heat flow cannot explain the temperature rise (200-250°C), especially as the IC in the underlying Bellerophon Formation (undisturbed contact with the Tesero Horizon) are also low, with large variance. There is no evidence of shear influencing IC just confined to the Tesero Horizon. The anomaly may be interpreted as follows: 1) Detrital mica-cores (preserving inherited anchimetamorphism from continental source areas) predominate against postdiagenetic illite growth-fringes (with poor IC).
Effect of Dairy Cattle Manure on Millet and Rye Forage and Soil Properties

Dairy cattle manure was incorporated in plots of Decatur silty clay loam (Thermic Rhodic Paleudults) at rates of 0, 22, 44, 89, 178, and 267 metric tons/ha (dry weight) for 3 successive years. Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L. K. Schum) was grown in summer and was clipped twice and ‘Wrens Abruzzi’ rye (Secale cereale L.) was grown as a winter cover crop. Annual applications of 22 and 44 metric tons/ha manure were more effective than higher rates in stimulating millet growth, but rye forage yields were generally not influenced by manure application. The uptake of P, Ca, and Mg tended to level out at 44 tons/ha, but the removal of N, K, NO₃-N, and Na by millet and rye from the soil continued to increase with the rate of manure applied. The high rates of manure caused excessive accumulation of nitrate in plants and soils. The range of nitrate-N in millet was 5,037 to 8,675 ppm at 178 and 267 metric tons/ha compared with 602 to 4.010 ppm on the NPK check plots. Nitrate-N in the top 90 cm of the soil over the 3 years averaged 840 kg/ha at 178 and 267 tons/ha compared with 239 kg/ha of NO₃-N on the check. Dry matter and soil and plant analyses indicated that 44 metric tons/ha was the highest annual application rate of manure that could be used on this soil with consistent increases in plant growth and nutrient uptake and without excessive nitrate accumulation in soils and plants.
Crowdfunding in 360º: alternative financing for the digital era

summary Crowdfunding is a collaborative activity which has taken on a new dimension thanks to the rapid recent progress in ICT. Crowdfunding enables large numbers of people to make small contributions to a cause, between them making a significant contribution. Crowdfunding platforms for financial gain, in formats similar to those used in social media, are a meeting place for those seeking funding (whether people or companies) and investors, who receive a financial recompense in proportion to the funds they have put up and to the risk of the projects, which is generally assessed by the platforms. This novel form of financial intermediation keeps transaction costs down and manages risks through diversification. On the whole, the platforms transfer traditional financing models to an environment in which the funding comes from a large number of participants. Thus, several business models can be identified, depending on the financial instruments underpinning the platforms’ operations. There are two major types, which depend on the status of the creditor/investment partner: crowdlending and equity crowdfunding. In the former, the investors receive a debit instrument (shareholder loans, bonds or other fixed income instruments) which specify the terms of the repayment, generally adding some profit element such as an enhanced interest rate to the amount lent. In the second case, the investors receive shares or stocks in a company, and the profitability of the investment is linked to the future success of the company’s product or service. Crowdfunding has developed around the world in the last few years, as a result of the coming together of three fundamental forces, namely: the mobilisations of supply and demand because of the economic crisis, progress in telecommunications and other technologies in the digital era, and the absence of a specific defined regulatory framework. Given that the phenomenon is still new and there are no information disclosure requirements, it is difficult to find statistics. According to the latest annual report from the consultants Massolution, EUR933mn of funding came from crowdfunding in 2012 (a growth rate of 111
Developable Metamaterials: Mass-fabricable Metamaterials by Laser-Cutting Elastic Structures

We propose a novel design of engineered, structured materials that leverages fast fabrication technologies, pushing them towards mass-fabrication. Specifically, our metamaterial is designed to be laser cut, to approximate the volumetric shape and allow for locally varying compliance. Traditional mechanical metamaterials consist of intricate cells arranged on a 3-dimensional grid, limiting them to 3D printing—which is slow. Our metamaterial is designed for laser cutting, which is drastically faster. Our structures are best described as ruffled strips of thin sheet material, such as paper, plastics, metals, etc. Users can interactively define the ruffles’ anisotropic stiffness directions and local density. Our computational design tool assists users by automatically optimizing the ruffle to fill the shape’s volume, and exporting the flat ruffle design ready for cutting. We demonstrate how such ruffled metamaterials can be utilized for, e.g., custom toys with locally varying compliance, custom packaging material, or lightweight formwork for architectural shells.
Relationship of Psychological Symptoms Observed in Pregnant Turkish Women with Socio-Demographic and Obstetric Risk Factors

Objective: The aim of an analytic cross-sectional study is to evaluate the relationship of psychological symptoms with socio-demographical and obstetric risk factors in pregnant Turkish women. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 at a State Education and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Identification Form and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used in collection of the data. Results: The study group consisted of 297 pregnant women. The prevalence of anxiety was 14.8% and depression was 28.6%. Anxiety or depression scores were found to be higher in those with low education and low income, those who are in the last trimester of pregnancy, those with non-planned pregnancy, those with pre-eclampsia, those who feel they are not ready for motherhood, those suffering fears and concerns related with giving birth, those with poor husband support and marital adjustment and those with inadequate knowledge on pregnancychildcare (p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been found that married pregnant women are under risk in terms of anxiety and depression, and affected from numerous socio-graphical and obstetric risk factors.
Thermal properties of lignin in copolymers, blends, and composites: a review

The need for renewable alternatives to conventional petroleum based polymers has been the motivation for work on biobased composites, blends and materials whose foundations are carbon neutral feedstocks. Lignin, an abundant plant derived feedstock and waste byproduct of the cellulosic ethanol and pulp and paper industry, qualifies as a renewable material. Despite the fact that it is often difficult to blend lignin with other polymers due to its complex structure and reactivity, published research over the past decades, has focused on issues such as lignin miscibility with other polymers, the thermal and mechanical strength behavior of its copolymers and its fractions as well as efforts at tuning its thermal properties via chemical modifications and other means. As such, this study attempts to offer a comprehensive overview that largely discusses the importance of these processes with the aim of finding an effective, cost efficient and environmentally friendly means that may allow the utilization of this important and largely ignored biopolymer.
The influence of the configuration of the fiber-metal laminates on the dispersion relations of the elastic wave modes

The current work is devoted to the determination of dispersion curves for elastic wave modes. The studied elastic waves propagate across metal-fiber hybrid composites. In order to solve the problem, special software has been developed with the use of C++. This software works with the MS Windows operating system and the proposed solution is based on the multi-threading mechanism. It makes possible to significantly speed up the calculations. The relatively new approach is used namely the stiffness matrix method. At the very beginning, the dispersion curves are determined for the traditional composite materials of cross-ply configuration, for which the layers are made of glass fiber/epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy resin. The impact of the total number of layers on the dispersion curves is investigated. Next, the influence of the thickness of the layers, which are made of aluminum alloy, on the dispersion characteristic is studied. In the second case, it is assumed that the total thickness of the composite material wall for all cases is identical.
Flow Parameter Estimation Based on On-board Measurements of Air Vehicle Traversing Turbulent Flows

Inspired by principles from particle transport theory in fluid dynamics, we recently developed a new energy-efficient control approach via implicit model following (IMF) for air vehicles traversing turbulent flows. However, the control design requires prior knowledge of the vortex timescale of the turbulent flow. In this paper, we propose an approach to estimate the turbulent flow parameters based on noisy on-board measurements without prior knowledge of the exact flow conditions, and validate it on a two-dimensional cellular flow model. By sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy), the nonlinear vehicle dynamics with wind effects introduced are approximated as a sparsely weighted combination of user-defined candidate functions. Accordingly, separate optimization problems are set up to determine the weights representing the active level of candidate functions in the unknown nonlinear dynamics. We then identify the flow parameters by analyzing the weights statistically. Finally, the ability of the proposed method to estimate the flow parameters, including the mean velocity, the vortex length scale and the vortex timescale, is demonstrated by testing the algorithms on different measurement data sets with various initial conditions and flow parameters. We show that this method can accurately estimate the flow parameters within a permissible range of error.
Search Tasks and Their Role in Studies of Search Behaviors

In experimental studies of search behaviors and evaluations of retrieval systems, researchers generally assign search tasks to the subjects to perform. Since it can be expected that the tasks themselves will influence search behaviors and performance, we need to be able to construct tasks having particular attributes, knowing that our study findings can then be generalized to all search tasks having those attributes. In this paper, we report on an ongoing analysis of the search tasks that have been used in experimental search studies. We review a number of typologies of search tasks currently in use (complex vs. simple, specific vs. general, exploratory vs. lookup, and navigational vs. informational) and make recommendations for designing search tasks for use in future studies.
Efficacy of Watercress on Alleviating the Side Effects of Re-used Oil on the Fertility of Adult Male Rats

The present study was aimed to study the effect of watercress supplementation at three different levels for 8 weeks on alleviating the side effects of reused oil on sex hormones of adult male rats. Thirty male albino rats were divided into 5 groups; group (1) was fed on basal diet (as a control negative group). Group (2) was fed on basal diet containing 4 % of re-used oil substituted with oil content of the basal diet (as a control positive group). Groups (3, 4 and 5) as the same of group (2) and supplemented with 5, 7.5 and 10% dried watercress respectively.
THIRD PARTY ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE HUBS AND THE FUTURE RECOVERY OF OIL AND GAS RESERVES IN THE UKCS

This paper explores how possible different ownership patterns (and access arrangements) might affect the economic viability of remaining resources in UKCS, by applying a mixed integer programming model to field data from the Northern North Sea. The model maximizes the net present value of regional production, determining the optimal set of new developments, tiebacks from fields to hubs, timings of hub and field shutdown, with the effects of the separation of infrastructure and field ownership captured by constraints which impose individual field and infrastructure viability conditions. The possible impact of a type of common carrier regime, where existing hub infrastructure might be unbundled from fields with average cost pricing based on throughput, is also modelled. The results suggest that the separation of infrastructure and field ownership does reduce the overall potential area NPV. The cost of development delay is also relatively high, although in part this arises because potential production is postponed. In contrast, the version of the model where hubs are forced to charge fields a single price to cover average costs significantly reduces the reserves developed in the region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES, 3(1), 37-58 (2000) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PROTEIN-STABILIZED STARCH-BASED SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRUDATES

Mechanical properties of starch-based supercritical fluid extrusion (SCFX) extrudates were correlated to their structure. Thermosetting ingredients were added to the feed and the extrudate was dried to set the expanded structure. Compared to whey protein concentrate with 34% protein (WPC-34), addition of egg white (EW) gave a softer skin and a fragile but well formed cellular structure. For drying between 70 and 100 °C, the overall structure was more homogenous for EW added. A higher modulus was associated with a larger number average of sides in a cell face and higher percentage of closed cells. Ashby's model (1983) for non-food cellular solids gave a good fit to our data for relating relative compressive modulus to relative bulk density. A linear regression model indicated that bulk density alone was a good predictor of mechanical strength.
Terpenos com atividade inseticida: uma alternativa para o controle químico de insetos

Many substances from different sources have been used by men for decades to control insects. After the 2nd World War, the use of inorganic compounds have declined drastically and natural products, as well as synthetic derivatives, have been widely used instead. The search for natural alternatives have improved the development of bench top bioassays and an array of synthetic approaches for known and novel natural products that shows relevant activities as feeding supressors and deterrents. The studies concerning mode of action and environmental impact of these substances, that may be biodegradable and selective for undesired insects, had led to the evaluation and discovery of a number of molecules, mostly terpenoids and alkaloids, that are well reported as candidates for inseticidal compounds that could be an effective alternative for insects control with a lower impact on human health, household animals and the environment.
Comparison of thoracic dimensions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and healthy controls: A cross-sectional study

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a heterogeneous collection of diseases with differing causes and pathogenic mechanisms. The present study was conducted to compare thoracic dimensions between normal and COPD subjects. Materials & Methods: 70 patients with COPD and 70 healthy subjects were included in 2 groups. Group I were COPD patients and group II were healthy subjects. Average transverse rib cage diameter, HDI and pulmonary function tests were compared. Results: The mean AP diameter in group I was 10.9mm and in group II was 9.1 mm, transverse diameter was 22.7 mm in group I and 21.0 mm in group II and HDI was 23.7 mm in group I and 20.1 mm in group II. The mean FEV1 in group I was 54.1% and in group II was 89.2, FVC was 47.4 in group I and 91.5 in group II and FEV 1/FVC was 42.6 in group I and 97.2% in group II. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Thoracic dimensions were increased in COPD patients as compared to healthy subjects.
Usability Testing of Android Applications- Survey and Case Study

A mobile application is software which runs on smart devices or mobiles, tablets. Testing of mobile application is important to ensure mobility, usability and security of mobile application. Every day, a large numbers of software’s/ Mobile apps/Websites are coming out. In this paper, the main focus is on Usability testing of mobile applications. Many applications failed due to poor usability. Usability plays an important role in the success and popularity of mobile application. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the usability of the university info mobile app and to provide suggestions or recommendations of test users for improving the usability of application. In case study, field based testing method was used with 20 test participants and set of specific tasks. Usability testing process comprised pre-test questionnaires, performing defined tasks, and post-test surveys. The efficiency, effectiveness and efficiency of the mobile application were measured. The test results show that mobile application was proven effective but the efficiency needs improvement. User satisfaction was also need improvement by adding new features.