Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planning With Multiple Transmission and Storage Investment Options Under Uncertainty: A Nested Decomposition Approach

Achieving the ambitious climate change mitigation objectives set by governments worldwide is bound to lead to unprecedented amounts of network investment to accommodate low-carbon sources of energy. Beyond investing in conventional transmission lines, new technologies, such as energy storage, can improve operational flexibility and assist with the cost-effective integration of renewables. Given the long lifetime of these network assets and their substantial capital cost, it is imperative to decide on their deployment on a long-term cost-benefit basis. However, such an analysis can result in large-scale mixed integer linear programming problems that contain many thousands of continuous and binary variables. Complexity is severely exacerbated by the need to accommodate multiple candidate assets and consider a wide range of exogenous system development scenarios that may occur. In this paper, we propose a novel, efficient, and highly generalizable framework for solving large-scale planning problems under uncertainty by using a temporal decomposition scheme based on the principles of Nested Benders. The challenges that arise due to the presence of nonsequential investment state equations and subproblem nonconvexity are highlighted and tackled. The substantial computational gains of the proposed method are demonstrated via a case study on the IEEE 118 bus test system that involve planning of multiple transmission and storage assets under long-term uncertainty. The proposed method is shown to substantially outperform the current state of the art.
The key role of behaviour in animal camouflage

Animal camouflage represents one of the most important ways of preventing (or facilitating) predation. It attracted the attention of the earliest evolutionary biologists, and today remains a focus of investigation in areas ranging from evolutionary ecology, animal decision‐making, optimal strategies, visual psychology, computer science, to materials science. Most work focuses on the role of animal morphology per se, and its interactions with the background in affecting detection and recognition. However, the behaviour of organisms is likely to be crucial in affecting camouflage too, through background choice, body orientation and positioning; and strategies of camouflage that require movement. A wealth of potential mechanisms may affect such behaviours, from imprinting and self‐assessment to genetics, and operate at several levels (species, morph, and individual). Over many years there have been numerous studies investigating the role of behaviour in camouflage, but to date, no effort to synthesise these studies and ideas into a coherent framework. Here, we review key work on behaviour and camouflage, highlight the mechanisms involved and implications of behaviour, discuss the importance of this in a changing world, and offer suggestions for addressing the many important gaps in our understanding of this subject.
A method for analyzing solution diversity in topic models

A topic model is a statistical model for modeling high dimensional count data. Many different parameters (solutions) of a topic model can be obtained through a learning algorithm due to different initial conditions. This paper focuses on diversity of solutions. To utilize diversity of solutions, it is necessary to acquire distribution structure of them. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method to define similarity (inner product) of solutions using normalized mutual information to analyze distribution of solutions. Experimental results for text data are presented to show the usefulness of the proposed method.
Novel zone formation due to interplay between sedimentation and phase ordering

Usually, we expect large particles to sediment faster than small ones of the same material. Contrary to this intuition, we report a dynamical competition between sedimentation and phase ordering which leads to smaller particles settling faster than larger ones. We access this phenomenon using suspensions of polymers and two colloidal species which we image with confocal microscopy. Polymers mediate attractions between colloids, leading to phase separation and crystallisation. We find that the dynamical interplay between sedimentation, phase separation and crystal nucleation underlie this phenomenon. Furthermore, under certain conditions we find a kinetic pathway leading to an apparent coexistence between a one-component crystal and a binary fluid of equal buoyancy. These findings may be relevant to the basic understanding of sedimentation-induced zone formation in nature and industrial applications.
Design, implementation & comparison of vedic multipliers with conventional multiplier

Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication are commonly used basic arithmetic operations. In these operations, Multiplication requires more processing time than other Arithmetic operations. In this paper, we will discuss various multiplication techniques. For fast multiplication, here we are using Vedic multiplication technique, which is one of the most popular multiplication technique. In this paper, comparative study of types of Vedic Multiplier and Conventional Multiplier is done. We have designed a 16-bit Multiplier using Vedic Multiplication technique (Urdhva Tiryagbhyam sutra, Nikhilam Sutra and Ekadhikena Purvena Sutra) and a conventional multiplier for generating the partial products. We have implemented the design using Verilog HDL and Synthesized & simulated using Xilinx ISE 14.2i on xc3s500e-5pq208 device.
A History of Concussion Does Not Lead to an Increase in Ocular Near Point of Convergence

Abstract Ocular near point of convergence (NPC) has been shown to be sensitive to the effects of concussion and subconcussive impacts. To determine if NPC is also sensitive to a previous history of concussion, male contact-sport athletes either with (n=26) or without (n=16) a history of at least one previous concussion had their NPC assessed. The results showed that participants with a history of concussion displayed NPC values (9.4±1.6 cm) indistinguishable from those with no history of concussion (8.4±2.1 cm, t-test, p=0.09). This was the case regardless of whether 1, 2, or 3 or more concussions had occurred and despite the fact participants with concussion (mean time since last concussion: 1136 days) suffered from an increased number and severity of symptoms as assessed with the SCAT 3 (3.6±2.2 vs. 2.13±1.89 symptoms, 6.1±4.1 vs. 3.19±2.99 severity, t-test, p<0.05). Taken together, these results imply that NPC may not be a suitable tool to assess the potential long-term effects of one or more concussions over a longer time frame. Future research using larger sample sizes is warranted to evaluate the potential dose-response relationship between number of prior concussions and NPC.
Secure Payment Routing Protocol for Economic Systems Based on Blockchain

Blockchain, as secure means for asset transfer, greatly attracts the attention of the global economic community. However, scalability strongly hampers the growth of economic systems based on the blockchain technology. Bidirectional micropayment channels are suitable solutions for scalability on economic systems based on blockchain. However, the challenge presented by micropayment channels is the inefficient routing mechanisms and timelocks generated per channel for a given path chosen to execute a transaction. In this paper, we develop suitable routing algorithms for economic systems based on blockchain. We additionally derive suitable equations to generate unique timelocks for channels belonging to selected paths chosen to execute a transaction. Finally, we demonstrate the efficiency of the protocol based on number of connections and bandwidth with evidence showing the efficiency and scalability of the routing mechanism.
Design of low power RRAM cell using CNFET

This paper presents a CNFET based novel RRAM cell using memristor as memory element. The proposed RRAM cell is designed in such a way that half-select issue is resolved. Simulation results of critical design metrics of the proposed RRAM cell and previous 2T2M RRAM cell are compared. The proposed RRAM cell achieves 6.13x lower read delay along with 33x lower hold power due to use of MTCMOS power reduction technique than 2T2M cell at nominal VDD. It is a half-select free non-volatile RRAM cell with faster read operation and it is also power efficient.
On cyber-physical attacks in bilateral teleoperation systems: An experimental analysis

In the last years there has been a significant increase in the number of attacks to the security of cyber-physical systems such as SCADA systems and PLC's. We investigate security issues in bilateral teleoperation systems i.e., systems in which the tele-operated robots reflect back to the operator reaction forces from the task being performed. We classify the cyber-physical attacks in terms of target component, knowledge of the system, and goal. We then implement our attacks on a single-input single-output bilateral teleoperation system equipped with a two-layer control architecture for guaranteeing stability despite unknown communication delay. This setup allows us to study the impact of our attacks, and represents a first step towards a complete threat model with corresponding counter-measures in more complex bilateral teleoperation systems.
Overview of Applications of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Oil

Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of the most recent renewable energy processes to have been introduced. It offers the advantages of a liquid product, bio-oil that can be readily stored and transported. Bio-oil is a renewable liquid fuel and can also be used for production of chemicals. Fast pyrolysis has now achieved a commercial success for production of chemicals and is being actively developed for producing liquid fuels. Bio-oils have been successfully tested in engines, turbines, and boilers, and have been upgraded to high-quality hydrocarbon fuels, although at a presently unacceptable energetic and financial cost. The paper critically reviews scientific and technical developments in applications of bio-oil to date and concludes with some suggestions for research and strategic developments.
BER performance evaluation of cognitive radio network using M-ary PSK over Rayleigh fading channel

Cognitive radio technology has come out to solve the problem of bandwidth scarcity by allowing the unlicensed users to use the licensed bands opportunistically. Spectrum sensing is the basic and essential mechanisms of Cognitive Radio to find the unused Spectrum. This paper, focus on the performance evaluation of energy detection spectrum sensing of cognitive radio network in term of bit error rate versus signal to noise ratio for M-ary phase shift keying modulation schemes, over Rayleigh fading channel and AWGN. The cognitive radio network was designed firstly as computer model showed the sequence of processes in cognitive radio system and then the simulation of cognitive radio network was performed using MATLAB simulation. The results show that as the number of Mary increase the bit error rate increased while the bit error rate decreased as the signal to noise ratio increased.
Punitive discipline and child behavior problems in Chinese-American immigrant families: The moderating effects of indigenous child-rearing ideologies

In a sample of 107 Chinese immigrant families we examined whether cultural child-rearing beliefs moderated the association between parents’ use of punitive discipline and children’s behavioral adjustment. Immigrant parents and their children aged 7 to 17 years completed measures of parental discipline and child behavior problems. Parents also reported on indigenous Chinese child-rearing ideologies regarding shaming and training as strategies for raising competent and moral children. Results of hierarchical regression models conducted with parent-reported data indicated that the negative effects of punitive discipline on child behavior problems were not apparent when parents adhered to training and shaming ideologies. However, the buffering effects of training ideologies were more robust and consistent than shaming. The findings provide some evidence that the discipline—behavior problem link may be moderated by cultural context of caregiver psychology which shapes the meaning and implications of parental behavior.
The Analysis of Erase Voltage Variability in 70-nm Split-Gate Flash Memory Arrays

We performed a comprehensive analysis of the voltage-to-erase (Verase) distribution in SST ESF3 split-gate flash memory cell arrays. It was shown that Verase distribution is mostly determined by the tunneling voltage variations. Other factors, such as distributions of coupling ratios and FG channel parameters, have only a minor effect on Verase variability.
EMOTIONAL BASED FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

- Automatic facial expression recognition (FER) is an interesting and challenging research problem as it has many important applications, such as human behavior recognition, sign language recognition, human–computer interaction, and so on. Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is one of the upcoming technologies which effectively develop the human computer interface system also provide the interaction between the computer and user. The emotions are recognized by several methods, but the facial expression based emotion analyze process is most importance research field. The major challenges of the facial expression based emotion recognition process are to capture the human face because it has been varied according to their movement. So, the facial image capturing and other relevant processing is successfully developed by using the different image processing and machine learning concepts. Emotions are reflected on the face, hand, body gesture and voice to express our feelings. In human communication, the facial expression is understanding of emotions help to achieve mutual sympathy. It is a non verbal communications, facial expression based emotion recognition process is one of the easiest method because it does not require high cost, easy to capture the face expression with the help of the digital camera, minimize the computation complexity also the impact of the facial expression is related with the brain activities and social impacts. There are 100 types of facial expressions are express by human. These facial expressions are derived from the basic expressions such as Happy, Sad, Anger, Disgust, Surprise, Fear using CK dataset using Support vector machine(SVM).
Colour image retrieval based on structural equation model and orthogonality

This paper proposes a novel technique for colour image retrieval, based on Statistical analysis, such as Correlation analysis, Structural Equation model. The correlation analysis, which computes the association among the colours, such as Red, Green, and Blue, on region-wise. The obtained correlation coefficient on colour features is tested whether it is significant or not. If it is significant, then it is inferred that the query and target images are same or similar; otherwise it is assumed that the two images are different. The Structural Equation model plays a significant role in fusing the features at low-level features. Thus, in this paper, we have made an attempt to combine the features of various parts of the query image, and then it compares with the features of the target image in the feature database using Structural Equation model. In order to measure the performance of the proposed technique, mean average precision is employed in terms of precision and recall. The obtained results are comparable with the existing methods.
Acute telomere deprotection prevents ongoing BFB cycles and rampant instability in p16INK4a-deficient epithelial cells

Telomere dysfunction drives chromosome instability through endless breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycles that promote the formation of highly rearranged genomes. However, reactivation of telomerase or ALT-pathway is required for genome stabilisation and full malignant transformation. To allow the unrestricted proliferation of cells at risk of transformation, we have established a conditional system of telomere deprotection in p16INK4a-deficient MCF-10A cells with modified checkpoints. After sustained expression of a dominant negative form of the shelterin protein TRF2 (TRF2ΔBΔM), cells with telomere fusion did progress to anaphase but no signs of ongoing BFB cycles were observed, thus anticipating proliferation defects. Indeed, 96 h TRF2ΔBΔM expression resulted in noticeable growth proliferation defects in the absence of cell cycle disturbances. Further transient periods of 96 h telomere uncapping did not result in cell cycle disturbances either. And reduction of the telomere damage to short acute deprotection periods did not in any case engender cells with a reorganised karyotype. Strikingly, the growth arrest imposed in cells showing dysfunctional telomeres was not accompanied by an activation of the DNA damage response at cellular level, or by the presence of visible markers of senescence or apoptosis. We propose that the deprotection of many telomeres simultaneously, even for a short time, results in a local activation of the cellular stress response which consequently triggers gradual cell withdrawal from cell cycle, restraining the onset of genomic instability.
A study of nonlinear DC and AC loads connected to PV microgrid

Nonlinear loads are one of the main causes affecting the power quality in the electrical power system. Harmonic distortion is mainly caused by such loads. This paper presents a study of those loads connected to microgrid (MG) of a PV generator (PVG) using computer simulation. A simulation model of PVG is constructed by adopting the existing models of PV modules, boost converter, and inverter. Based on this model, the effect of nonlinear loads to the currents of PVG on both the DC side and AC side are studied. In this study, the nonlinear DC and nonlinear AC loads are connected to the PVG's DC and AC side, respectively. Moreover, we focus on only the nonlinear loads that comprise power switches such as inverter and DC converter. The total distortion of a PVG's current is used as a metric. The results show that, for various load powers, the total distortion of a PVG's current on the DC and AC side caused by nonlinear DC load is as high as 80% and 40%, respectively. The nonlinear AC loads, however, has less effect to the total distortion, which is about 60% and 30% on the DC and AC sides, respectively.
ACRYLATE METABOLISM IN MEGASPHAERA ELSDENII by RUPAL PRABHU

by RUPAL PRABHU (Under the Direction of Mark Eiteman) ABSTRACT Acrylic acid (CH2=CH-COOH) is a commodity chemical with an annual production of about four million tonnes. Thioester derivatives of acrylate are metabolic intermediates in organisms using the “acrylate pathway”. Megasphaera elsdenii and Clostridium propionicum metabolize lactate into propionate via the acrylate pathway by catabolizing lactate sequentially through lactyl-CoA, acrylyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA and propionate. The first and last reactions are catalyzed by a single CoA transferase, propionyl-CoA transferase. The goal of this study was to characterize these bacteria in the presence of acrylate. These organisms or the enzymes involved in acrylate metabolism could be important routes to industrial acrylate production.
Dietary Fiber and Gut Microbiota Modulation – A Possible Switch from Disease to Health for Subjects with Diverticuar Disease ?

Fiber intake has been linked to bowel health and disease, since fibers, as an integral part of fruits and vegetables or as an added ingredient in foods or diet supplements, are able to change or modulate at least some portion of the gut microbiota composition [1]. The human colon contains a rich population of bacterial cells outnumbering the host cells 10-fold: Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria are the three major phyla that inhabit the human colon possessing an incredible array of enzymes able to degrade complex dietary substrates. Diet can have an important impact of the gut environment and changing the intakes of the three main macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) can significantly affect the composition of the microbiota. Human cells do not encode all the enzymes needed to degrade the structural polysaccharides found in dietary plant material and relies on the colonic microbiota for efficient degradation of plant cell walls [2].
Study of Transient Stability for Parallel Connected Inverters in Microgrid System Works in Stand-Alone

Distributed generators systems and Microgrid are becoming more important to increase the renewable energy penetration in the public utility. This paper presents a mathematical model for connected inverters in Microgrid systems with large range variations in operating conditions. No-lineal tools and computer simulations, phase-plane trajectory analysis, method of Lyapunov and bifurcations analysis for evaluate the limits of the small signal models are used, and conclusion suggested utilizing models that can permit to analysis of the system when subjected to a severe transient disturbance such as loss a large load or loss of generation. The study of transient stability for Microgrid systems in stand-alone of the utility grid is useful to improve the design of Microgrid's architecture.
The evolution of molluscs

Molluscs are extremely diverse invertebrate animals with a rich fossil record, highly divergent life cycles, and considerable economical and ecological importance. Key representatives include worm‐like aplacophorans, armoured groups (e.g. polyplacophorans, gastropods, bivalves) and the highly complex cephalopods. Molluscan origins and evolution of their different phenotypes have largely remained unresolved, but significant progress has been made over recent years. Phylogenomic studies revealed a dichotomy of the phylum, resulting in Aculifera (shell‐less aplacophorans and multi‐shelled polyplacophorans) and Conchifera (all other, primarily uni‐shelled groups). This challenged traditional hypotheses that proposed that molluscs gradually evolved complex phenotypes from simple, worm‐like animals, a view that is corroborated by developmental studies that showed that aplacophorans are secondarily simplified. Gene expression data indicate that key regulators involved in anterior–posterior patterning (the homeobox‐containing Hox genes) lost this function and were co‐opted into the evolution of taxon‐specific novelties in conchiferans. While the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/decapentaplegic (Dpp) signalling pathway, that mediates dorso‐ventral axis formation, and molecular components that establish chirality appear to be more conserved between molluscs and other metazoans, variations from the common scheme occur within molluscan sublineages. The deviation of various molluscs from developmental pathways that otherwise appear widely conserved among metazoans provides novel hypotheses on molluscan evolution that can be tested with genome editing tools such as the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats‐associated protein9) system.