Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffusion MRI methods for improved treatment monitoring in breast cancer

As of the time of this writing, the gold standard for monitoring primary breast tumor response to chemotherapy treatment is clinical examination based on palpable changes in tumor size. This method is non-quantitative, highly subjective and generally imposes that treatment is completed before efficacy can be assessed, defeating the purpose of monitoring and eliminating the prospect of adaptive treatment. MRI methods including tissue enhancement kinetics are increasingly used to provide improved monitoring of treatment response in breast and other cancers. In this work, I investigate the added value of diffusion weighted imaging, an MRI technique, for treatment monitoring in breast cancer. This investigation was first conducted in a thoroughly characterized animal model of breast cancer and subsequently in breast cancer patients. I furthered this work by exploring the potential benefit of diffusion tensor imaging, an MRI technique relatively novel to breast imaging, for breast cancer treatment monitoring. To achieve this, I developed a facile MRI protocol which was also used to study the effect of modulating diffusion time on diffusion measurements. I found that diffusion weighted imaging parameters were sensitive to treatment induced changes both in an animal model of breast cancer and in breast cancer patients. Diffusion tensor imaging parameters were able to distinguish normal breast tissue from breast cancer but modulating the diffusion time did not result in any significant changes in diffusion measurements.
Result Prediction by Mining Replays in Dota 2

Context: Real-time games like Dota 2 lack the extensive mathematical modeling of turn-based games that can be used to make objective statements about how to best play them. Understanding a real-time computer game through the same kind of modeling as a turn-based game is practically impossible. Objectives: In this thesis an attempt was made to create a model using machine learning that can predict the winning team of a Dota 2 game given partial data collected as the game progressed. A couple of different classifiers were tested, out of these Random Forest was chosen to be studied more in depth. Methods: A method was devised for retrieving Dota 2 replays and parsing them into a format that can be used to train classifier models. An experiment was conducted comparing the accuracy of several machine learning algorithms with the Random Forest algorithm on predicting the outcome of Dota 2 games. A further experiment comparing the average accuracy of 25 Random Forest models using different settings for the number of trees and attributes was conducted. Results: Random Forest had the highest accuracy of the different algorithms with the best parameter setting having an average of 88.83% accuracy, with a 82.23% accuracy at the five minute point. Conclusions: Given the results, it was concluded that partial game-state data can be used to accurately predict the results of an ongoing game of Dota 2 in real-time with the application of machine learning techniques.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphism c.673C>A/p.Gln225Lys in SEPT12 gene with spermatogenesis failure in male idiopathic infertility in Northeast China

Male infertility is a complex multifactorial disease affecting approximately 10% of couples who want to have children. Some cases of infertility can be explained by genetic factors. Septins are members of the GTPase superfamily, which are involved in diverse biological processes including morphogenesis, compartmentalization, cytokinesis, and apoptosis. The septin 12 gene, SEPT12, is expressed exclusively in post-meiotic male germ cells and is considered as a critical gene for spermatogenesis. In this study, we evaluated 200 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and detected mutations of 25 spermatogenesis-associated genes by targeted exome sequencing. We report a missense SEPT12 variant, c.673C>A/p.Gln225Lys, in an infertile man with non-obstructive azoospermia. The variation was located inside the GTPase domain and had a SIFT score of 0.02 (<0.50) and was considered to be ‘probably damaging’ by PolyPhen. This case may provide clues to help establish the relationship between SEPT12 gene alterations and some cases of idiopathic male infertility. The role of this variant should thus be investigated further.
Euskararen eta gaztelaniaren erabilera ingeleseko irakaskuntza-saioetan

Ikerketa honek H1 eta H2k H3ko ikasgelan duten presentzia eta jokatzen duten rola aztertzen ditu, kode-alternantzia oraindik hizkuntza-jabekuntzarako kaltegarritzat jotzen den garaiotan. Ikerketa testuinguru eleaniztun batean egin zen, Euskal Herrian hain zuzen, non hizkuntzak bereiztearen aldeko iritzi eta usteak sakon sustraiturik dauden. Gero eta ikerketa gehiagok nabarmentzen dute atzerriko hizkuntzaren irakaskuntzan H1 modu sistematiko eta funtzionalean erabiltzea onuragarria izan daitekeela; hala ere, testuinguru eleaniztunetan, hizkuntzen irakaskuntzari dagokionez bere horretan diraute hainbat urtez nagusi izan diren elebakartasunean oinarritutako irizpideak. Ikerketa honetarako datuak biltzeko, astebetez behaketak egin ziren ingelesa atzerriko hizkuntza gisa ematen den klaseetan eta ingelesa irakats-hizkuntza den klaseetan, eta, horrez gain, ingeleseko irakasleei elkarrizketak egin zitzaizkien. Bestalde, galde-sorten bidez ikasleei buruzko oinarrizko informazio orokorra bildu zen. Parte-hartzaileak bi ikastetxetako bigarren hezkuntzako irakasleak eta haien 134 ikasleak izan ziren. Datuen analisiak erakusten duenez, hala irakasleek nola ikasleek H1 eta H2 erabiltzen dituzte, neurri batean, H3ko ikasgelan, helburu eta funtzio jakin batzuekin. Emaitzek agerian uzten dute, halaber, irakasleak, beren esperientziaren argitan, elebakartasunaren hesiak apurtzearen onurak antzematen hasiak direla.
Image recoloring for home scene

Indoor home scene coloring technology is a hot topic for home design, helping users make home coloring decisions. Image based home scene coloring is preferable for e-commerce customers since it only requires users to describe coloring expectations or manipulate colors through images, which is intuitive and inexpensive. In contrast, if home scene coloring is performed based on 3D scenes, the process becomes expensive due to the high cost and time in obtaining 3D models and constructing 3D scenes. To realize image based home scene coloring, our framework can extract the coloring of individual furniture together with their relationship. This allows us to formulate the color structure of the home scene, serving as the basis for color migration. Our work is challenging since it is not intuitive to identify the coloring of furniture and their parts as well as the coloring relationship among furniture. This paper presents a new color migration framework for home scenes. We first extract local coloring from a home scene image forming a regional color table. We then generate a matching color table from a template image based on its color structure. Finally we transform the target image coloring based on the matching color table and well maintain the boundary transitions among image regions. We also introduce an interactive operation to guide such transformation. Experiments show our framework can produce good results meeting human visual expectations.
Analysis of human and automated separation assurance at varying traffic levels

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN AND AUTOMATED SEPARATION ASSURANCE AT VARYING TRAFFIC LEVELS by Jeffrey R. Homola As part of the Advanced Airspace Concept, an algorithm for automatically resolving aircraft conflicts has been developed to partially offset air traffic controller workload and provide consistency. This study evaluated the differences in performance between humans resolving conflicts in a manual and interactive mode as well as a fully automated conflict resolution mode. This was done at current day, twice, and three times that level of traffic. Workload impact and acceptability of the algorithm's resolutions were also investigated. Results suggest that the automation provided significant benefits in terms of safety and efficiency particularly at higher levels of traffic. There was also a significant reduction in workload. The resolutions provided by the automation were also rated as being generally acceptable. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to thank Dr. Kevin Jordan for his continual patience and guidance throughout the entire thesis process as my advisor. Special thanks also go to Dr. Thomas Prevot for his inspiration and direction, without which this study would not have been possible. I would also like to thank Dr. Mark Van Selst for his willingness to volunteer his time to serve on this committee following the loss of Dr. Kevin Corker. A heartfelt thank you also goes out to the late Dr. Corker, whose memory will live on in all of the people he has touched. I would also like to thank Todd Callantine, Paul Lee, Joey Mercer, and Quang Dao for all of their help along the way. I must also thank Ev Palmer and Nancy Smith for providing me with the opportunity to work in such a great environment with such great people. A special acknowledgement must also go out to Dr. Heinz Erzberger. Without his vision of an advanced airspace concept, this study would not have been possible. I am eternally indebted to my family for their unconditional love and support throughout my life. Nothing I have ever accomplished could have been possible without the solid foundation that you have provided me. Finally, to my wife and young son, thank you for giving my life a true purpose. You are a true joy and an inspiration for everything that I do.
Tıp tarihinde kanser ve lösemi

In this paper, human's endeavor to overcome cancer for centuries and historical development regarding definition and treatment of leukemia in this endeavor are emphasized according to Auguste Comte's expression, “A science can be known only if its history is known”. Another reason to mention the historical development of leukemia is a thought that it can be facilitated to understand better disease's effects on patient-physician relationship, in which cannot be provided success always in the treatment along with increasing the probability of cure.
Merging of TOSCA Cloud Topology Templates

The paradigm of Cloud Computing requires standardization to avoid vendor lock-in for its users. The Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) provides a standardization approach enabling portability of cloud services between different Cloud Computing providers. The main goal of the TOSCA specification is to enable a cloud provider and environment independent description of these services concerning structure and management aspects during their life cycle. TOSCA specifies so-called Service Templates whose structure is described by a Topology Template. The TOSCA specification provides means to model enterprise applications in a standardized way. In view of mergers and acquisitions, data center consolidation, for breaking up silo structures in IT departments and for support of modeling experts it is necessary to find concepts for analyzing already modeled TOSCA Topology Templates for similar elements and for unifying these elements and, thus, two Topology Templates. This master's thesis develops a matching concept for finding similar elements inside and between two Topology Templates by systematically exploring all different constellations TOSCA elements can take. Similar elements are indicated by the notion of a Correspondence. The matching concept is automated by developing algorithms that determine Correspondences and incorporate domain-specific knowledge via type-specific plugins. The plugins handle the matching of properties that cannot be conducted generically. Furthermore, a merging concept and appropriate algorithms are developed that utilize the identified Correspondences for unifying similar elements. All algorithms are designed with the goal of practical computational complexity. A further part of this work is the design and prototypical implementation of the extendable TOSCAMerge framework that allows for a convenient integration of type-specific plugins. The framework facilitates the assessment and manipulation of the determined Correspondences by domain experts prior to merging. A set of example TOSCA Service Templates for testing the different matching and m erging cases complements the implementation.An extensive evaluation of the concepts and algorithms reveals the algorithms' greedy properties including local optimality but quadratic computational complexity in most cases.
Making Content Comprehensible for English Learners: The SIOP Model

Most chapters begins with "Objectives" and "Background. " Most chapters conclude with "Teaching Scenarios," "Summary" and "Discussion Questions. " Preface and Acknowledgments. Overview of the Book. Overview of the Chapters. Acknowledgments. 1. Introducing Sheltered Instruction. Demographic Changes.English Learner Diversity.School Reform and Accountability in the 21st Century.Academic Literacy. Changes in Instructional Practice for English Learners. The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol. The SIOP Model. Implementing the SIOP Model: Getting Started. 2. Lesson Preparation. Content Objectives Clearly Defined for Students. Language Objectives Clearly Defined for Students.Writing Language and Content Objectives.Content Concepts Appropriate for Age and Eductaional Background. Supplementary Materials Used to a High Degree. Adaptation of Content to All Levels of Student Proficiency. Meaningful Activities That Integrate Lesson Concepts with Language Practice. Using the SIOP Protocol. The Lesson. 3. Building Background. Concepts Linked to Students' Background. Links Made Between Past Learning and New Concepts. Key Vocabulary Emphasized. Developing Content Language. Developing School Language. The Lesson. 4. Comprehensible Input. Appropriate Speech for ELLs. Explanation of Academic Tasks. Use of Techniques. The Lesson. 5. Strategies. Strategies. Scaffolding Techniques. Questioning. The Lesson. 6. Interaction. Opportunities for Interaction. -Oral Language Development -Other Opportunities for Interaction Grouping Configurations. Wait Time. Clarify Key Concepts in L1.The Lesson. 7. Practice/Application. Hands-On Materials and/or Manipulatives Provided for Students to Practice Using New Content. Activities Provided for Students to Apply Content and Language Knowledge. Activities that Integrate all Language Skills. The Lesson. 8. Lesson Delivery. Content Objectives Clearly Supported by Lesson Delivery. Language Objectives Clearly Supported by Lesson Delivery.Meeting Content and Language Objectives Students Engaged 90% - 100% of the Period. Pacing of Lesson Appopriate to Students' Ability Levels The Lesson. 9. Review/Assessment. Review of Key Vocabulary. Review of Key Content Concepts. Providing Feedback on Student Output. Assessment of Lesson Objectives. The Lesson. 10. Issues of Reading Development and Special Education for English Learners. Issues of Reading Development and Assessment. Issues Related to Special Education. Special Education Services: When are They Appropriate? Assisting Struggling Learners. Students with Special Needs. 11. Effective Use of the SIOP Protocol. Scoring and Interpretation of the SIOP Protocol. Assigning Scores Not Applicable (NA) Category Calculating ScoresSample Lesson Using SIOP Scores and comments. Reliability and Validity of the SIOP. Appendix A: The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol. Appendix B: Lesson Plans. Appendix C: Research on the SIOP Model. Glossary. References. Index.
Reparación eficiente de estructuras de datos en tiempo de ejecución basada en SAT

Resumen Las fallas de un programa pueden producir estados internos inconsistentes, cuya propagación puede provocar la terminación abrupta del programa, la pérdida de datos del usuario, la incapacidad de realizar alguna tarea, etc. La reparación de estructuras de datos consiste en reemplazar estos estados inconsistentes por estructuras generadas a partir de especificaciones formales, utilizando algún procedimiento de decisión, que permitan al programa continuar su ejecución sin mayores problemas. En este trabajo se presenta un enfoque para resolver este problema basado en SAT solving, cuya característica distintiva es el aprovechamiento de dos técnicas del estado del arte para mejorar su eficiencia y escalabilidad: el uso de rotura de simetrías y de cotas ajustadas. La evaluación experimental preliminar realizada muestra que nuestro enfoque es más eficiente y es capaz de lidiar con estructuras de mayor complejidad que técnicas relacionadas.
The Gyula Farkas memorial competition in the context of the Hungarian scientific competitions

Gyula Farkas (1847-1931) became a well-known scientist in his age due to his thermodynamic achievements, but today - after rediscovering his articles in 1950 - he is also noted as one of the founders of operation research. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of his birth, his name became known beyond scientific circles. In this article, brief introduction into his life is given. The emphasis is put onto his achievements which provides modern context for efficient introduction of younger generations into the scientific world, and especially scientific methodology and interdisciplinary approaches.
Construction and fabrication of reversible shape transforms

We study a new and elegant instance of geometric dissection of 2D shapes: reversible hinged dissection, which corresponds to a dual transform between two shapes where one of them can be dissected in its interior and then inverted inside-out, with hinges on the shape boundary, to reproduce the other shape, and vice versa. We call such a transform reversible inside-out transform or RIOT. Since it is rare for two shapes to possess even a rough RIOT, let alone an exact one, we develop both a RIOT construction algorithm and a quick filtering mechanism to pick, from a shape collection, potential shape pairs that are likely to possess the transform. Our construction algorithm is fully automatic. It computes an approximate RIOT between two given input 2D shapes, whose boundaries can undergo slight deformations, while the filtering scheme picks good inputs for the construction. Furthermore, we add properly designed hinges and connectors to the shape pieces and fabricate them using a 3D printer so that they can be played as an assembly puzzle. With many interesting and fun RIOT pairs constructed from shapes found online, we demonstrate that our method significantly expands the range of shapes to be considered for RIOT, a seemingly impossible shape transform, and offers a practical way to construct and physically realize these transforms.
Photodynamic therapy and pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer death worldwide. In population based studies, only a few pancreatic cancer (2.6%) are suitable for surgery and even after resection, the median survival is only 12-18 months. Options available for the treatment of inoperable patients are largely limited to radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination. Unfortunately, no therapy has been shown of convincing benefit on survival. The long term prognosis of the disease is poor, with a one year survival rate of no more than approximately 10%.
Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus Types in Turkish and Albanian Women

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the major etiologic agent of cervical carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and genotype distribution in cervical swabs from 2,234 Turkish and 357 Albanian women with similar lifestyles from two different countries. Materials and Methods: HPV detection and typing were performed by type specific multiplex fluorescent PCR and fragments were directly genotyped by high resolution fluorescence capillary electrophoresis. Results: The most common type was HPV 16 and the second one was HPV 6 for both country. The third common type was 39 and 18 for Turkish and Albanian women, respectively. Conclusions: When we compare our results with other studies, there are differences between the frequency and order of the HPV genotypes detected at the second and subsequent frequencies. This may due to differences in the quality and type of samples analyzed, as well as the HPV detection methods.
Barriers and Contributors to Minority Older Adults' Access to Mental Health Treatment

Abstract This exploratory study examined geriatric mental health clinicians' experiences and perceptions of the circumstances in which African American and Mexican American older adults access outpatient specialty mental health treatment and the factors that impede or facilitate such access. Eighteen mental health clinicians from three outpatient geriatric mental health clinics in one urban and two rural areas in central Texas discussed their perceptions in three focus groups and/or individual interviews conducted by the authors. The clinicians identified the common circumstances in which minority older adults' access to mental health treatment involves loss and grief in later life coupled with lack of informal social support. Although clinicians confirmed existence of the access barriers identified by previous studies (lack of understanding about mental disorders, shame and stigma, cultural differences, fear and distrust of the treatment system, primary care physicians' knowledge deficit about mental disorders, and financial and transportation barriers), they also identified minority older adults' lack of information on referral processes as a serious barrier. As access contributors, physician referral; support and encouragement from family, especially adult children; availability of bilingual/bicultural clinicians; and transportation were identified. Implications of the findings are also discussed.
COCO - COmparing Continuous Optimizers : The Documentation

COmparing Continuous Optimisers (COCO) is a tool for benchmarking algorithms for black-box optimisation. COCO facilitates systematic experimentation in the field of continuous optimization. COCO provides an experimental framework for testing the algorithms, post-processing facilities for generating publication-quality figures and tables, LaTeX templates of articles which present the figures and tables in a single document.
Learning About Climate Change Through Cooperation

Students maintain a range of alternative ideas around the causes of climate change (Rye et al., 1997). To help students diversify their repertoire of ideas, we engaged students in a cooperative activity in which individual students chose to investigate one of three possible topics (meat-eating, albedo, or ozone), and then reported back to their peers. Students investigated Netlogo (Wilensky, 1999) models that included features relevant to their chosen topic. After exploring one of the computer models, students met in jigsaw groups (Aronson & Patnoe, 2011). Results on assessment items matched to each investigation show that scores improved across all topics for all students. However, students in the meat-eating investigation show more improvement for the meat-eating item, while students who investigated albedo and ozone performed equally well on all items. These findings suggest that the jigsaw activity helped all students learn about the causes of climate change from their peers.
NC-IUPHAR REVIEW Dopamine receptors - IUPHAR Review 13

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval – IUSMQ, Quebec, Quebec, Canada, Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technologies, Skolkovo, Moscow Region, Russia, and Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Correspondence Raul R Gainetdinov, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy. E-mail: raul.gainetdinov@iit.it