Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synchronous Generator Emulation Control Strategy for Voltage Source Converter (VSC) Stations

The voltage source converter (VSC) station is playing a more important role in modern power systems, but the dynamic behavior of the VSC station is quite different from that of the synchronous generator. This paper presents the synchronous generator emulation control (SGEC) strategy for the VSC-HVDC station. The SGEC strategy is divided into the inner control loop and the outer control loop. The inner controller is developed for fast current and voltage regulations. An inertia element is introduced into the frequency-power droop to determine the command reference of the frequency, and the inertia response and the primary frequency regulation are emulated. In addition, the secondary frequency regulation can be achieved by modulating the scheduled power in the SGEC strategy. The time-domain simulation results demonstrate the VSC station with the proposed control strategy can provide desired frequency support to a low-inertia grid. Therefore, the SGEC strategy provides a simple and practical solution for the VSC station to emulate the behavior of a synchronous generator.
Seeking Visibility in a Big Tent: Digital Communication and the People's Climate March

The September 2014 “People’s Climate March” was reportedly the largest climate change mobilization in history. The coalition of organizations behind the march chose a strategy of inclusion: They sought to create a “big tent” for a climate movement. Building on theoretical developments in the literature on digital media and social movements, we used Twitter as a window to observe how march organizers and participants attempted to (a) create a digital space of shared attention intersecting with the on-the-ground event, and also (b) thread together diverse orientations to the climate issue.
On the Influence of Microphone Array Geometry on the Behavior of Hypercomplex Adaptive Filters

The performance of hypercomplex adaptive filters has been widely experimented during the last decade. Quaternion filters, especially, have been utilized in systems where the signals to be processed have some form of correlation. However, besides correlation, some resolved explanation about what particular algebra to use in a certain context has not been provided, yet. This work tries to contribute in this direction by proposing an experiment that puts filters to the test with changing the input signal geometry. The tests presented in this paper take place in acoustic environment and show how a proper sound space transformation, along with the choice of the mathematical format for processing, can improve a filter performance.
Hardware Trojans: current challenges and approaches

More and more manufacturers outsource parts of the design and fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) for cost reduction. Recent publications show that such outsourcing can pose serious threats to governments and corporations, as they lose control of the development process. Until now, the threat of hardware Trojans is mostly considered during fabrication. Third party intellectual properties (IPs) are also gaining importance as companies wish to reduce costs and shorten the time-to-market. Through this study, the authors argue that the threat of Trojans is spread throughout the whole IC development chain. They give a survey of both hardware Trojan insertion possibilities and detection techniques. Furthermore, they identify the key vulnerabilities at each stage of IC development and describe costs of hardware Trojan insertion and detection. This way, the threat level based on feasibility of Trojan insertion and the practicability of Trojan detection techniques is evaluated. Lately, detection techniques address the issue of including third party IP. However, those techniques are not sufficient and need more research to effectively protect the design. In this way, the authors’ analysis provides a solid base to identify the issues during IC development, which should be addressed with higher priority by all entities involved in the IC development.
Outcomes after transplantation of cord blood or bone marrow from unrelated donors in adults with leukemia.

BACKGROUND Data regarding the outcome of cord-blood transplantation in adults are scant, despite the fact that these grafts are increasingly used in adults. METHODS We compared the outcomes of the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells from unrelated donors in adults with leukemia who had received cord blood that was mismatched for one HLA antigen (34 patients) or two antigens (116 patients), bone marrow that had one HLA mismatch (83 patients), and HLA-matched bone marrow (367 patients). We used Cox proportional-hazards models to analyze the data. RESULTS Cord-blood recipients were younger and more likely to have advanced leukemia than were bone marrow recipients, and they received lower doses of nucleated cells. Hematopoietic recovery was slower with transplantation of mismatched bone marrow and cord blood than with matched marrow transplantations. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was more likely to occur after mismatched marrow transplantation, and chronic GVHD was more likely to occur after cord-blood transplantation. The rates of treatment-related mortality, treatment failure, and overall mortality were lowest among patients who received matched marrow transplants. Patients who received mismatched bone marrow transplants and those who received mismatched cord-blood transplants had similar rates of treatment-related mortality (P=0.96), treatment failure (P=0.69), and overall mortality (P=0.62). There were no differences in the rate of recurrence of leukemia among the groups. There were no differences in outcome after cord-blood transplantation between patients with one HLA mismatch and those with two HLA mismatches. CONCLUSIONS HLA-mismatched cord blood should be considered an acceptable source of hematopoietic stem-cell grafts for adults in the absence of an HLA-matched adult donor.
A dynamic model of oligopoly and oligopsony in the U.S. potato-processing industry

In this paper, we estimate oligopoly and oligopsony price distortions in the U.S. potato chips and frozen French fries sectors, based on a linear-quadratic, multi-period optimization model of processors that face quadratic adjustment costs associated with a change in the processed quantity of input. Based on this model, we are able to derive a parameter that nests various types of firm conduct, ranging from price taking through Nash-Cournot behavior to collusion. In addition, we estimate market conduct and associated price distortions in a sub-game perfect, dynamic-feedback model, and compare the results with those derived from an open-loop model. The results indicate that the behavior of potato-processing firms is much closer to price taking than to collusion. Moreover, we find that price distortions due to oligopsony in the purchase of potatoes are smaller than oligopoly price distortions in either the potato chips or the frozen French fries sectors. lEconLit citations: L13, Q13.r © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 21: 409-428, 2005.
Analysis of variable chlorophyll fluorescence in microphytobenthos assemblages: implications of the use of depth-integrated measurements

Measurements of in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence made non-invasively on micro- phytobenthos samples represent the depth integration of the fluorescence emitted at different depths within the sediment. The effects of depth integration on fluorescence parameters and implications for the calculation and interpretation of indices used in quenching analysis were studied using a simula- tion model based on fluorescence light curves (Fs and Fm' vs E curves), light attenuation coefficients, and microalgal biomass profiles. Results indicate that the use of depth-integrated fluorescence measurements leads to a significant light-dependent overestimation of the physiological value of the effective Photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield and of the relative electron transport rate, which may exceed 40% at saturating light levels. As a result, light curves derived from depth-integrated mea- surements appear to saturate at higher irradiances, or to be less photoinhibited when compared to the physiological response of the microalgae. Furthermore, they can vary due to changes in the vertical distribution of microalgal biomass not reflecting alterations in microalgal physiology. The results obtained from the numerical simulations were confirmed experimentally, and variations in fluores- cence emission attributable to depth integration were also found in fluorescence light curves from the literature. A set of recursive equations was derived to allow the estimation of the physiological light response through the deconvolution of light curves computed from depth-integrated fluorescence measurements made on undisturbed samples.
ScienceDirect The 6 th International Conference on Current and Future Trends of Information and Communication Technologies in Healthcare ( ICTH 2016 ) Advanced Healthcare Services Enabled by a Computerized Pain Body Map

Pain Body Maps are promising tools for patients with advanced cancer. We briefly present Computerised Pain Body Maps from the literature, and contrast them with our own CPBM specifically designed for this patient group. Furthermore, we ponder the fact that current CPBMs do not really offer any more functionality than the paper PBMs, but show how a fully-functioning CPBM system is a prerequisite to many innovations in pain management. c © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
simple ligation oR ligation and puRse stRing invagination foR the tReatment of the appendiceal stump : a pRospective , Randomized tRial

headings – Appendectomy. Appendicitis. Surgical procedures, operative. Randomized controlled trial. abstRact – Background Although acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical diseases, the best treatment of the appendicular stump has not been defined. At laparotomy for appendectomy the stump is treated preferably by ligation and burial of the stump and, in laparoscopic surgery, by simple ligation or clamping. Aim To compare two techniques for the treatment of appendicular stump in appendectomy (simple ligation vs ligation with purse making and burial) by a prospective and randomized study. Methods Between the years 2003 and 2005, 113 patients underwent laparotomy appendectomy for acute appendicitis. The appendiceal stump was treated by simple ligation in 49 cases and by ligation and burial in 64 cases. The two groups were similar in terms of average age, gender, preoperative signs and symptoms, time of disease progression and stage of appendicitis diagnosed histopathological examination. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the duration of operation, complications (wound infection, wound dehiscence, abscess formation, intestinal obstruction, fistula and seroma ) or hospital stay. Conclusions Both techniques are equally safe for treatment of appendicular stump, and so, it is possible to recommend simple ligation because it is easier to be done.
Brain Processing of Fearful Facial Expression in Mentally Disordered Offenders

Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatric disorders which include impaired emotional facial perception; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychopathy (PSY). Fourteen offenders undergoing forensic psychiatric assessment (7 with ASD, and 7 psychopathic offenders) and 12 healthy controls (HC) viewed fearful and neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity (fearful versus neutral faces) was compared both between HC and offenders and between the two offender groups (PSY and ASD). Functional co-activation was also investigated. The offenders had increased activity bilaterally in amygdala and medial cingulate cortex as well as the left hippocampus during processing fearful facial expressions compared to HC. The two subgroups of offenders differed in five regions compared with each other. Results from functional co-activation analysis suggested a strong correlation between the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the left hemisphere only in the PSY group. These findings suggest enhanced neural processing of fearful faces in the amygdala as well as in other facial processing brain areas in offenders compared to HC. Moreover, the co-activation between amygdala and ACC in the PSY but not the ASD group suggested qualitative differences in amygdala activity in the two groups. Since the sample size is small the study should be regarded as a pilot study.
Heretical thoughts on the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

La necrose dans la pancreatite hemorragique n'est pas due a une autodigestion proteolytique. Des bacteries peuvent etre la cause de la pancreatite aigue. La pancreatite interstitielle n'est pas une forme mineure de pancreatite hemorragique. Le sphincter d'Oddi incompetent: reflux ou obstruction?
Study on the development and test method of SnO2-based gas sensor array for dissolved gas analysis

Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is one of the most effective method to diagnose the early latent fault in oil-immersed power transformer. Gas sensor detection technology is the core of DGA, which will directly affect the reliability and accuracy of the transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. At present, since the development of gas sensor restricted by the characteristics of dispersion, low sensitivity, ageing or poisoning, therefore, it is actively significance to continuously study the gas sensing technology and develop new type gas detection sensor to improve the on-line monitoring level of gas dissolved in transformer oil. In this work, gas sensor array was developed by synthesizing the Ag/Zn/Cu/Pt-loaded SnO2 hybrid nanocomposite via hydrothermal method. The study of the relationship between input voltage and gas sensitivity, gas selection and the drift characteristics between temperature and humidity to two typical characteristic fault gases hydrogen (H2) and acetylene (C2H2) for as-prepared gas sensor array were carried out. In addition, based on combined intelligent algorithm (PCA-BPNN), the classification and quantitative research of mixed gases were analyzed and discussed. The results laying the foundation for the preparation of gas sensor which serve for the transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.
Microbially Influenced Corrosion as a Model System for the Study of Metal Microbe Interactions: A Unifying Electron Transfer Hypothesis

The general term biomineralisation refers to biologically induced mineralisation in which an organism modifies its local microenvironment creating conditions such that there is chemical precipitation of mineral phases extracellularly. Most usually this results from an oxidation or reduction carried out by some microbial species, with the formation of a recognised biomineralised product. These reactions play a major role in microbial physiology and ecology, and are of central importance to such engineering consequences as microbial mining and microbially influenced corrosion. This paper will examine metal microbe interactions, both in naturally occurring microbial ecosystems and in two particular cases of biocorrosion, with the objective of putting forward a unifying hypothesis relevant to the understanding of each of these apparently disparate processes.
Assessment of the impact of salinity and irradiance on the combined carbon dioxide sequestration and carotenoids production by Dunaliella salina: A mathematical model

Current anthropogenic activities have been causing a significant increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 over the past 60 years. To mitigate the consequent global warming problem, efficient technological solutions, based on economical and technical grounds, are required. In this work, microalgae are studied as important biological systems of CO2 fixation into organic compounds through photosynthesis. These microorganisms are potential sources of a wide variety of interesting chemical compounds, which can be used for commercial purposes, reducing the cost of CO2 capture and sequestration. Specifically, Dunaliella salina culture was studied aiming at the impact evaluation of operational conditions over cellular growth and carotenoid production associated with the CO2 sequestration on focus. The main experimental parameters investigated were salinity and irradiance conditions. The experimental results supported the development of a descriptive mathematical model of the process. Based on the proposed model, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate the operational conditions that maximize CO2 consumption and carotenoid production, in order to guide further development of technological routes for CO2 capture through microalgae. A preliminary cost estimation of CO2 sequestration combined to carotenoids production for a 200 MW power plant is presented, based on the growth rates achieved in this study. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 425–435. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automatic change detection based on conditional random field in high resolution remote sensing images

An automatic change detection method based on conditional random field (CRF) is presented for high resolution remote sensing images in this paper. Marginalized denoising autoencoder is used to generate the difference image. The clustering results of Fuzzy C-means are applied to initialize the unary potentials of CRF. A scaled squared Euclidean distance between neighboring pixels in the observed images is introduced to define the pairwise potentials of CRF, which avoid training parameters and help improve the accuracy and the degree of automation. The experimental results obtained on different remote sensing images demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of our proposed method.
A perspective on speech recognition

The authors outline the science behind speech recognition technology and describe briefly the contributions of engineering, computer science, and mathematics to it. They discuss the state-of-the-art in both technique and performance, including some examples of successful applications. This is followed by a critical evaluation of the technology with respect to technical, commercial, and societal criteria. They conclude that even with today's suboptimum technology, there are types of applications in which useful deployment is possible and desirable but that those applications that will transform our society must wait until speech recognizers have nearly the capabilities of humans. <<ETX>>
Synthesis and Characterization of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein (IGFBP)-7

The mac25 cDNA was originally cloned from leptomeningial cells and subsequently reisolated through differential display as a sequence preferentially expressed in senescent human mammary epithelial cells. The deduced amino acid sequence of the human mac25 propeptide shares a 20-25% identity to human insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs), suggesting that mac25 could be another member of the IGFBP family. In the present study, we have generated recombinant human mac25 (rh-mac25) in a baculovirus expression system and assessed its affinity for IGFs and have evaluated the pattern of expression of the mac25 gene in human tissues. Binding of 125I-IGF-I and 125I-IGF-II to rh-mac25 was demonstrated by Western ligand blotting after nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by affinity cross-linking with as little as 2 nM rh-mac25. Specificity of rh-mac25 binding to 125I-IGFs was demonstrated by competition for rh-mac25 binding with unlabeled IGFs, but not with [QAYLL]IGF-II analog, which has 100-fold less affinity for IGFBPs. In comparison with IGFBP-3, rh-mac25 has at least a 5-6-fold lower affinity for IGF-I and 20-25-fold lower affinity for IGF-II. mac25 mRNA was detectable in a wide range of normal human tissues, with decreased expression in breast, prostate, colon, and lung cancer cell lines. In conclusion, mac25 specifically binds IGFs and constitutes a new member of the IGFBP family, IGFBP-7. Its wider distribution in normal tissue and lower expression in several cancer cells indicate that IGFBP-7 may function as a growth-suppressing factor, as well as an IGF-binding protein.
Unitary evolution and uniqueness of the Fock quantization in flat cosmologies

We study the Fock quantization of scalar fields with a time dependent mass in cosmological scenarios with flat compact spatial sections. This framework describes physically interesting situations like, e.g., cosmological perturbations in flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetimes, generally including a suitable scaling of them by a background function. We prove that the requirements of vacuum invariance under the spatial isometries and of a unitary quantum dynamics select (a) a unique canonical pair of field variables among all those related by time dependent canonical transformations which scale the field configurations, and (b) a unique Fock representation for the canonical commutation relations of this pair of variables. The proof is generalizable to any compact spatial topology in three or less dimensions, though we focus on the case of the three-torus owing to the especially relevant implications.
KORRIGAN1 Interacts Specifically with Integral Components of the Cellulose Synthase Machinery

Cellulose is synthesized by the so called rosette protein complex and the catalytic subunits of this complex are the cellulose synthases (CESAs). It is thought that the rosette complexes in the primary and secondary cell walls each contains at least three different non-redundant cellulose synthases. In addition to the CESA proteins, cellulose biosynthesis almost certainly requires the action of other proteins, although few have been identified and little is known about the biochemical role of those that have been identified. One of these proteins is KORRIGAN (KOR1). Mutant analysis of this protein in Arabidopsis thaliana showed altered cellulose content in both the primary and secondary cell wall. KOR1 is thought to be required for cellulose synthesis acting as a cellulase at the plasma membrane–cell wall interface. KOR1 has recently been shown to interact with the primary cellulose synthase rosette complex however direct interaction with that of the secondary cell wall has never been demonstrated. Using various methods, both in vitro and in planta, it was shown that KOR1 interacts specifically with only two of the secondary CESA proteins. The KOR1 protein domain(s) involved in the interaction with the CESA proteins were also identified by analyzing the interaction of truncated forms of KOR1 with CESA proteins. The KOR1 transmembrane domain has shown to be required for the interaction between KOR1 and the different CESAs, as well as for higher oligomer formation of KOR1.