Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FERTILIZER MARKETING IN CHHATTISGARH: UNDERLYING PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Bandhej is a big handicraft sector involving lakhs of artisans and thousands of traders especially in the Rajasthan and Gujrat states. The craft involves a long and complex supply chain having designer, tiers and dyer working under the umbrella of manufacturer at production level and raw material supplier (greymen), manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer working as traders at the distribution level. The paper attempts to study the industry structure and also the profitability ratio of the various trading stakeholders of the Bandhej craft and tries to probe the forces of profitability determining the profit at the production level and reasons of difference of income that afflicts some of the stakeholders.
Predictability of Big Day and Profitability Thereafter

Significantly higher volume in a few day window combined with significantly higher opening may signal a big up day. Negative relationships between return and volume over a three-day window may signal the danger of a big down day. Opening prices of all the big down days are significantly higher than the day’s low and close, and opening prices of all the big up days are significantly lower than the day’s high and close. The market usually reverses its direction in the day after the big day. A strategy is developed for excess returns.
The Evolutionary Psychology of Envy and Jealousy

The old dogma has always been that the most complex aspects of human emotions are driven by culture; Germans and English are thought to be straight-laced whereas Italians and Indians are effusive. Yet in the last two decades there has been a growing realization that even though culture plays a major role in the final expression of human nature, there must be a basic scaffolding specified by genes. While this is recognized to be true for simple emotions like anger, fear, and joy, the relevance of evolutionary arguments for more complex nuances of emotion have been inadequately explored. In this paper, we consider envy or jealousy as an example; the feeling evoked when someone is better off than you. Our approach is broadly consistent with traditional evolutionary psychology (EP) approaches, but takes it further by exploring the complexity and functional logic of the emotion – and the precise social triggers that elicit them – by using deliberately farfetched, and contrived “thought experiments” that the subject is asked to participate in. When common sense (e.g., we should be jealous of Bill Gates – not of our slightly richer neighbor) appears to contradict observed behavior (i.e., we are more envious of our neighbor) the paradox can often be resolved by evolutionary considerations which h predict the latter. Many – but not all – EP approaches fail because evolution and common sense do not make contradictory predictions. Finally, we briefly raise the possibility that gaining deeper insight into the evolutionary origins of certain undesirable emotions or behaviors can help shake them off, and may therefore have therapeutic utility. Such an approach would complement current therapies (such as cognitive behavior therapies, psychoanalysis, psychopharmacologies, and hypnotherapy), rather than negate them.
Mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Inflammasomes continue to generate interest in an increasing number of disciplines owing to their unique ability to integrate a myriad of signals from pathogen‐ and damage‐associated molecular patterns into a proinflammatory response. This potent caspase‐1–dependent process is capable of activating the innate immune system, initiating pyroptosis (an inflammatory form of programmed cell death), and shaping adaptive immunity. The NLRP3 inflammasome is the most thoroughly studied of the inflammasome complexes that have been described thus far, perhaps owing to its disparate assortment of agonists. This review highlights our current understanding of the mechanisms of both priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
PROPERTIES OF ANALYSTS' FORECASTS FOR ROMANIAN LISTED COMPANIES: HOW MUCH DO FIRM-SPECIFIC FACTORS MATTER?

This paper seeks to explore the properties of analysts’ forecast accuracy for companies listed on Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE). Based on a sample of 266 firm-month observations (predictions made in 2008 for 2009 and 2010), the paper investigates several firm-specific factors documented by the literature to have a significant impact on forecast accuracy, and shows that for Romanian listed companies, forecast errors for earnings per share reported under local GAAP are negatively correlated with the size of the firm and the corporate governance policies. The results are convergent with those documented in international contexts, showing that larger firms as well as those which are better governed are more likely to provide additional disclosures, and thus increase forecast accuracy.
Ambiguity Aversion in Asset Market: Experimental Study of Home Bias

The equity market home bias occurs when the investors over-invest in their home country assets. The equity market home bias is a paradox because the investors are not hedging their risk optimally. Even with unrealistic levels of risk aversion, the equity market home bias cannot be explained using the standard mean-variance model. We propose ambiguity aversion to be the behavioral explanation. We design six experiments using real world assets and derivatives to show the relationship between ambiguity aversion and home bias. We tested for ambiguity aversion by showing that the investor’s subjective probability is sub-additive. The result from the experiment provides support for the assertion that ambiguity aversion is related to the equity market home bias paradox.
Domestic tourism in Indonesia.

Domestic tourism in Indonesia, with over 70 million trips in 1991, has increasingly been given attention by the government. The size and heterogeneity of the country makes tourism within Indonesia as interesting as international tourism. The most densely populated islands of Java and Bali, which comprise only 7% of Indonesia's land area, are the origin and destination of over two third of domestic trips. There are three peak seasons for domestic tourism. Summer (June-July) and Winter (December) vocations, and the lunar calendar day of Idul Fitri, the holiest day of the Moslem year (which occurred in March in 1995). Visiting friends and relatives is the dominant purpose of domestic travel, while vacation or recreation is second. Most Indonesians stay with friends and relatives; while about a third stay in hotels. Different forms of land transportation are widely used, with only 2% using air transportation and 5% water-based transportation. Average trip expenditures of Rp. 98.200 (US$ 45) are distributed am.
Fetoscopic laser coagulation for severe twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome: factors influencing perinatal outcome, learning curve of the procedure and lessons for new centres

Please cite this paper as: Morris R, Selman T, Harbidge A, Martin W, Kilby M. Fetoscopic laser coagulation for severe twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome: factors influencing perinatal outcome, learning curve of the procedure and lessons for new centres. BJOG 2010;117:1350–1357.
An object-oriented dependency graph for program slicing

Program dependency graphs (PDG) facilitate program analysis and related applications such as program slicing, which is a method to identify the relevant entities of the program according to data and control dependencies. In the past, PDGs and program slicing were mostly developed for (conventional) imperative programs. Recently, the object-oriented (OO) paradigm has gained momentum and popularity. The OO paradigm introduces the features of object abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism to programs, but is not considered in PDGs and program slicing. In this paper, we present an object-oriented dependency graph (ODG) to represent the structure of OO programs. The ODG is defined based on a property multi-digraph that is extended from a directed graph by augmenting multiple edge types, vertex properties and property relations. With these extensions, the ODG can avoid specious dependencies due to object encapsulation. Based on the ODG, a program slicing method for OO software is developed. Besides data and control dependencies, dependencies caused by OO features are taken into consideration in our slicing method. Through the ODG, the slicing method can be applied to facilitate the understanding, debugging and maintenance of OO software in the same way that traditional program slicing methods do.
(−)‐Epigallocatechin gallate, the most active polyphenolic catechin in green tea, presynaptically facilitates Ca2+‐dependent glutamate release via activation of protein kinase C in rat cerebral cortex

(−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main polyphenolic constituent of green tea, has been reported to improve cognitive decline. Considering the central glutamatergic activity is crucial to cognitive function, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on the release of endogenous glutamate using nerve terminals purified from rat cerebral cortex. Results showed that the release of glutamate evoked by 4‐aminopyridine (4AP) was facilitated by EGCG in a concentration‐dependent manner, and this effect resulted from an enhancement of vesicular exocytosis and not from an increase in Ca2+‐independent efflux via glutamate transporter. Examination of the effect of EGCG on cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) revealed that the facilitation of glutamate release could be attributed to an increase in Ca2+ influx through N‐ and P/Q‐type voltage‐dependent Ca2+ channels. Consistent with this, the EGCG‐mediated facilitation of 4AP‐evoked glutamate release was significantly prevented in synaptosomes pretreated with a combination of the N‐ and P/Q‐type Ca2+ channel blockers. Additionally, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by treatment with Ro318220 significantly reduced the facilitatory effect of EGCG on 4AP‐evoked glutamate release and phosphorylation of PKC or its presynapic target myristoylated alanine‐rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS). These results suggest that EGCG effects a facilitation of glutamate release from glutamatergic terminals by positively modulating N‐ and P/Q‐type Ca2+ channel activation through a signaling cascade involving PKC. In this EGCG/PKC signaling cascade facilitating glutamate release, the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics was also indicated to be involved by disruption of cytoskeleton organization with cytochalasin D occluded the EGCG‐mediated facilitation of 4AP‐evoked glutamate release. Synapse 61:889–902, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electronic commerce: A comparative study of organizational experiences

The significant growth of electronic commerce (EC) application is notable. More and more organizations are switching to online business to achieve better positions in the digital‐based competitive market. The process of EC is complex in nature and involves changes to business models and procedures. It is therefore worthy to study this new business phenomenon based on the experience of the organizations that have embarked on EC‐induced business change initiatives. This paper analyses several reported case studies of successful EC application to uncover the driving forces behind EC application, the approaches and methods adopted and the key critical factors that contribute to the success of the initiatives.
The operationalisation of international fashion retailer success

Purpose – The paper aims to define the components crucial to international fashion retailer success and to establish how these components may be practically managed by a firm in order to achieve success.Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a case study approach.Findings – The paper proposes that there are three components crucial to international fashion retailer success – coherent international brand management, disciplined distribution control, and retail presentation consistent with the marketing image. This may be achieved via centralised control structures or via effective management of relationships with foreign agents.Research limitations/implications – This is an exploratory study requiring further quantitative investigation.Originality/value – The paper applies theoretical approaches to practical issues, and offers a practical account of how overseas fashion retailer success may be affected by firm management decisions and competencies.
Distance Measurement of an Object or Obstacle by Ultrasound Sensors using P89C51RD2

Distance measurement of an object in the path of a person, equipment, or a vehicle, stationary or moving is used in a large number of applications such as robotic movement control, vehicle control, blind man's walking stick, medical applications, etc. Measurement using ultrasonic sensors is one of the cheapest among various options. In this paper distance measurement of an obstacle by using separate ultrasonic transmitter, receiver and a microcontroller is presented. The experimental setup and results are described and explained.
Influence of leadership behavior, organizational culture and organizational commitment on employee turnover intention

This study investigates the relationship between leadership behavior, organizational culture on turnover intention among employees in local Thai companies and multinational companies (MNCs) in Thailand. It also examines the role of organizational commitment as a mediator on the relationship between leadership behavior, organizational culture and turnover intention. Data are collected through questionnaires, from 1,650 respondents, 8 companies in Songkhla, Province Thailand. This research adopted several analytical approaches to analyze the data. Through a factor analysis found leadership behavior is reflected into single dimension, labeled as leadership behavior. The organizational culture is reflected into four dimensions namely; hierarchical, rational, teamwork, and reward and recognition, the organizational commitment is reflected into three dimensions: affective commitment, continuance commitment and emotional attachment commitment. The multiple regression and hierarchical multiple regression analyses are used in testing the hypothesis. The results of this study find that the direct relationship between leadership behavior and turnover intention is found to be significantly different between employees in local Thai companies and MNCs. However, the direct relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention is not significantly different between employee in local Thai companies and MNCs. Furthermore, the results of hierarchical multiple regression show that organizational commitment mediates the relationship between leadership behavior, organizational culture and turnover intention are significantly different among employees in local Thai companies and MNCs. The implication of this study is that managers should recognize the behavior of leadership in which the behavior that able to motivate the level of employee commitment to organization and reduce employee turnover intention.
Resource allocation for health equity: issues and methods

In this paper, it is discuss methods to allocate national health care funds to purchasers or insurers of health care. For administrative reasons, resources are usually allocated as they always have been-which relates more closely to the existing structure and demand than to need. Resource allocation through capitation is needed to achieve equity in access to health care or health outcome. Capitation should be based on epidemiological or socio-demographic need factors. The author discusses how to select and weight need factors and provides examples from high and low income countries.
Protein phosphatase activities in the serum and saliva of healthy children

Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Aracatuba, Aracatuba, Rua Jose Bonifacio no1193 - Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Vila Mendonca, CEP 16015050, SP, Brasil
WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED SINCE 2001 ABOUT COUNTER-CYCLICAL TAX REBATES?

What has been learned from the 2001 recession about the impact of counter-cyclical tax rebates? Based on their consumer surveys of the 2001 tax rebate, Shapiro and Slemrod estimate a marginal propensity to consume (MPC) out of rebates of 0.36 over two-and-a-half quarters. Using a macroeconometric model that contains an MPC of roughly this magnitude, we perform simulations and find that a rebate twice as large as the 2001 $600 rebate repeated for four quarters would have reduced the unemployment rate at the end of one year from 5.9% to 5.2%. Johnson, Parker, and Souleles estimate an MPC of 0.66 over two quarters-an estimate roughly twice as large as Shapiro and Slemrod. If the Johnson, Parker, and Souleles estimate of the MPC is correct, then our simulations imply that if the 2001 $600 rebate had been repeated for four quarters it would have reduced the unemployment rate at the end of one year from 5.9% to 5.2%.
Mapping Diabetes-Susceptibility Genes: Lessons Learned From Search for DNA Marker for Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young

During our search for a marker for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in a large multigenerational family with a form of NIDDM termed maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), we learned a great deal that may serve to streamline the search for diabetes-susceptibility genes in other families. We describe here our experience and suggest strategies that may enhance the search for markers for other diabetes susceptibility genes with genetic linkage approaches.
On the Psychology of Watching Birds: The Problem of Observer-Expectancy Bias

seen it if I hadn't believed it" (Foster et al. 1975). The influence upon data of an observer's preconceived notions or wishes has been recognized and investigated at least since the beginning of this century. Much of the research has been in educational and social psychology and has focused upon the psychological environment in which experiments are conducted. Typical of such investigations is Cordaro and Ison's (1963) study of observers who documented the activity of planaria. Some observers were given to believe that their planaria would move and turn frequently, whereas others expected their animals to move and turn infrequently. The high-activity-expectancy group recorded an average of 18 moves and 49 turns during 100 trials, whereas the low-activity-expectancy group recorded an average of only 1 move and 10 turns in 100 trials. The authors con-
Evaluation of Four Vertical Jump Tests: Methodology, Reliability, Validity, and Accuracy

Vertical jump performance tests can give considerably different results, even when different methods are used to analyze the same jump trial from the same subject. To evaluate and compare 4 different methods commonly used to measure vertical jump performance, 52 physically active men each performed 5 maximal vertical jumps. Kinetic and kinematic data were used to analyze each trial using the 4 methods: a criterion test based on body center of mass displacement (VJPT), 2 methods based on vertical takeoff velocity as calculated from the force platform, and 1 method based on time in the air (JUMPAIR). All 4 methods showed excellent reliability (R > .97). Using VJPT as the criterion, the other 3 methods showed excellent coefficients of validity (R > .95) but poor accuracy: The obtained vertical jump height scores were statistically different among all methods (p < .01). JUMPAIR is considered a relatively simple and inexpensive method to obtain valid and reliable measures of vertical jump performance without an arm swing, provided the appropriate adjustments are made to the jump results.
Assessing blood pressure response to exercise: methodological issues and clinical relevance.

A number of studies have focused on individual differences in blood pressure (BP) response to exercise, either to investigate cardiovascular control mechanisms or to explore the clinical relevance of this BP pattern, in particular when facing an exaggerated BP elevation during a stress test. Indeed, an increased exercise systolic (S) BP has been reported to be associated with a higher incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality [1–8]. Moreover, increased exercise SBP has also been associated with incident hypertension independently of baseline resting BP or other cardiovascular risk factors [9–13]. On the contrary, due to methodological difficulties, only a few studies have addressed the clinical relevance of increased exercise diastolic (D) BP, also in this case providing evidence of its association with cardiovascular mortality [5], cardiovascular diseases [4] and incident hypertension [12,13]. Given the well known difficulties in measuring BP during exercise and given the great variety of stress test protocols applied in different laboratories, available data on this issue have been critically addressed in the 2013 European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for hypertension management [14]. It is well known that during dynamic exercise, either performed on a bicycle ergometer or on a treadmill, BP displays a variable increase, different in different individuals, with SBP increasing more than DBP [15]. This represents a physiologic phenomenon, due to both central and reflex neural mechanisms modulating the cardiovascular system during physical exercise. However, when the BP response to exercise is exaggerated, it may have a pathophysiologic relevance, as it may reflect or predict
THE DISCLOSURE OF INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN INDONESIA: A FURTHER REVIEW OF GOVERNMENT USAGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO PROVIDE PUBLIC INFORMATION

Dissemination of financial information is closely related to the readiness of the government agencies to provide it to be easily accessible to the public. This study is aimed to analyze the government usage of information technology to provide public information. The study discusses the availability and accessibility of financial statements by using the disclosure index based on four components; content, timeliness, technology, and user support. The results indicate that the quality of financial reporting disclosure of the local government in the provincial level is still not fully optimized. This research emphasizes the importance of increasing accountability and widening the scope of measurement and reporting systems, as well as the use of information and communication technologies to provide public need of government financial performances. Keywords: Internet Financial Reporting, content, timeliness, technology, user support, public information, accountability