Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Oral Health Inequalities

The IADR Global Oral Health Inequalities Task Group on Dental Caries has synthesized current evidence and opinion to identify a five-year implementation and research agenda which should lead to improvements in global oral health, with particular reference to the implementation of current best evidence as well as integrated action to reduce caries and health inequalities between and within countries. The Group determined that research should: integrate health and oral health wherever possible, using common risk factors; be able to respond to and influence international developments in health, healthcare, and health payment systems as well as dental prevention and materials; and exploit the potential for novel funding partnerships with industry and foundations. More effective communication between and among the basic science, clinical science, and health promotion/public health research communities is needed. Translation of research into policy and practice should be a priority for all. Both community and individual interventions need tailoring to achieve a more equal and person-centered preventive focus and reduce any social gradient in health. Recommendations are made for both clinical and public health implementation of existing research and for caries-related research agendas in clinical science, health promotion/public health, and basic science.
Light emitting devices and integrated electrochemical sensors on lab-on-chip for toxicity bioassays based on algal physiology

In the frame of water toxicity analysis, a portable, glass-based, lab-on-chip was developed, integrating threeelectrode electrochemical microsensors and organic lightemitting diodes (OLED). The basic detection principle consists in monitoring electrochemically O2-related, algal metabolism in presence of herbicides. Thus, aiming on Diuron herbicide detection, a concentration-dependent inhibition effect on photosynthetic oxygen production rate was evidenced in the [0 - 1 μM] range. Finally, OLEDbased integrated system demonstrates higher detection characteristics than those using external white light source (sensitivity: 0.48 versus 0.26 nA/s/μM) and is highly promising for further integration of optical and electrochemical sensors enabling double complementary detection.
Generating Optical Schrödinger Kittens for Quantum Information Processing

We present a detailed experimental analysis of a free-propagating light pulse prepared in a “Schrödinger kitten” state, which is defined as a quantum superposition of “classical” coherent states with small amplitudes. This kitten state is generated by subtracting one photon from a squeezed vacuum beam, and it clearly presents a negative Wigner function. The predicted influence of the experimental parameters is in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The amplitude of the coherent states can be amplified to transform our “Schrödinger kittens” into bigger Schrödinger cats, providing an essential tool for quantum information processing.
Pricing·Quality and Service Mix Strategies for Portal Sites Providing Various Services

In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model to analyze pricing/quality and service mix strategies for Internet Portal site. This model includes utilities and costs of each participants, i.e., user, third party provider, and portal sites. Especially, we consider portal sites that initiate their businesses by providing free services like free e-mail service or search service and providing several charged services. As the results, we can find that Portal sites should make the target of customers and focus them to maximize their profit. Portal sites should pay their marketing effort not for all customers but pertinent portions of customers. And Portal sites should make more efforts to efficiently develop and provision their services.
Finance and Development: The Case of Southern Italy

We look at the role of the financial sector in the context of the relatively backward regions of Southern Italy (the so-called Mezzogiorno). Commercial banks in the South typically have higher operating costs and charge higher interest rates than Northern banks. Econometric analysis on a large set of individual loan contracts suggests that borrowers in the South are considerably riskier than those elsewhere in Italy. It also indicates, however, that risk accounts for only half of the 200 basis points average North-South interest differential. The rest is largely accounted for by differences in operating costs. We argue that these findings reflect a situation in which Southern banks have a monopoly of information concerning local firms, with outside banks forced to resort to rationing practices to avoid attracting the worse borrowers. To support this interpretation, we analyse loan contracts of Southern firms who borrow at the same time from local and external banks. We also show that geographical proximity tends to raise interest rates in the South. We then turn to the issue of allocative efficiency and argue that Southern banks tend to perform their screening function less efficiently than banks in the rest of Italy. We finally show that in the South, risk exerts a significantly larger effect on borrowing and that Southern firms whose earnings are more variable are more likely to be liquidity constrained in their investment decision.
Postimplant Behavior of Lightweight Polypropylene Meshes in an Experimental Model of Abdominal Hernia

Background. Over the years, reticular prostheses have undergone changes in their structure and composition to give rise to today's partially absorbable lightweight meshes. This study was designed to assess the biological and biomechanical behavior of these prostheses to establish whether they offer any advantages over nonabsorbable lightweight polypropylene prostheses. Materials and Methods. 7 × 5 cm defects were created in the anterior abdominal wall of New Zealand White rabbits and repaired by securing different prostheses to the edges of the defect with a running 4/0 polypropylene suture. The lightweight biomaterials compared were two nonabsorbable meshes: Parietene® and Optilene elastic®, and two partially absorbable prostheses: Vypro II® and Ultrapro®. At 14 and 90 days postimplant, tissue/prosthesis specimens were subjected to histological, immunohistochemical, shrinkage, and biomechanical analyses. Results. Adhesion formation on the peritoneum-facing surface of the meshes was significantly less extensive in the meshes with absorbable components at 90 days postimplant. The newly formed tissue around the prosthetic filaments was comprised of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, blood vessels, and macrophages. The partially absorbable meshes showed higher macrophage proportions (due to remnants of absorbable material and their structure) than the nonabsorbable meshes at 90 days, although differences were not significant. At 90 days postimplant, similar tensile strengths were recorded for all the implants. Conclusions. All the prosthetic materials induced good host tissue ingrowth, with no significant differences in tensile strength observed. Our findings suggest that partially absorbable lightweight prostheses could offer advantages over nonabsorbable lightweight meshes since less foreign material persists in the recipient, improving abdominal wall compliance.
Comparative study on current and voltage controlled voltage source converter based variable speed wind generator

Different structure and control algorithm can be used for control of power converter. One of the most common control techniques is decouple proportionate integral (PI) control of output active and reactive power to improve dynamic behavior of wind turbine. In this paper, a new current controlled voltage source converter (CC-VSC) scheme is proposed to control both the rotor and grid side converters of DFIG. The performance is verified by comparing the results with voltage controlled voltage source converter (VC-VSC) scheme. The earlier scheme offers the advantage of reduction of the number of PI controllers used in the rotor side converter without degrading dynamic and transient performances. Moreover, DC-link protection scheme can be omitted using the proposed CC-VSC based DFIG control, which reduces overall cost of the system. Simulation analysis by using PSCAD/EMTDC is carried out to find out the effectiveness of the proposed CC-VSC based control scheme of DFIG over the VC-VSC based control scheme.
CCT6A suppresses SMAD2 and promotes prometastatic TGF-&bgr; signaling

Paradoxically, during early tumor development in many cancer types, TGF-&bgr; acts as a tumor suppressor, whereas in the advanced stages of these cancers, increased TGF-&bgr; expression is linked to high metastasis and poor prognosis. These findings suggest that unidentified mechanisms may function to rewire TGF-&bgr; signaling toward its prometastatic role in cancer cells. Our current study using non–small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, animal models, and clinical specimens demonstrates that suppression of SMAD2, with SMAD3 function intact, switches TGF-&bgr;–induced transcriptional responses to a prometastatic state. Importantly, we identified chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 6A (CCT6A) as an inhibitor and direct binding protein of SMAD2 and found that CCT6A suppresses SMAD2 function in NSCLC cells and promotes metastasis. Furthermore, selective inhibition of SMAD3 or CCT6A efficiently suppresses TGF-&bgr;–mediated metastasis. Our findings provide a mechanism that directs TGF-&bgr; signaling toward its prometastatic arm and may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting TGF-&bgr; for NSCLC.
Principles of Synthesis of Steerable Reflect-array Antennas

The synthesis of steerable reflect-array antennas, as a synthesis of any antenna, should be realized by solving two problems: external antenna problem and internal antenna problem. The first one includes the investigation of the antenna radiation pattern. The second one concerns a design of the structure providing the required amplitude-and-phase distribution along the antenna aperture. The first problem is based on the theory of antenna array. The distance between the small reflectors and geometry of the array are responsible for the directivity, the beam width, and the side lobe level of the antenna. The internal antenna problem consists of finding the phase shift required for each small reflector. Remarkable feature of a tunable reflector made as a microstrip vibrator or a patch in combination with a tunable device is that the almost 360◦ phase shift of the reflected wave can be provided with only one tunable device (varactor diodes or ferroelectric tunable capacitors). Commonly, simulation of the phase shift required is performed with a numerical technique. The design of reflect-array antenna can be sufficiently simplified, if the simulation by the numerical technique is amplified with a correct analytical model.
On multi-head finite automata

Let mn be the class of languages defined by n-head finite automata. The Boolean and Kleene closure properties of mn are investigated, and a relationship between mn and the class sets of n-tuples of tapes defined by n-tape finite automata is established. The relationships among the multi-head languages and the context-free and context-sensitive languages are investigated, and the adage, "Two heads are better than one," is generalized. Several decision properties of the multi-head languages are derived.
Term-frequency surrogates in text similarity computations

Inverted indexes on external storage perform best when accesses are ordered and data is read sequentially, so that seek times are minimized. As a consequence, the various items required to compute Boolean, ranked and phrase queries are often interleaved in the inverted lists. While suitable for query types in which all items are required, this arrangement has the drawback that other query types – notably pure ranked queries and conjunctive Boolean queries – do not require access to word position information, and that component of each posting must be bypassed when these queries are being handled. In this paper we show that the term frequency component of each posting can be completely replaced by a surrogate that allows skipping of positional information interleaved in inverted lists, and obtain significant speedups in ranked query execution without increasing the index size, and without harming retrieval effectiveness. We also explore two methods of reconstituting approximations to the original term frequencies that can be employed if use of the surrogates is deemed too risky. Our simple improvement can thus be used with all ranking functions that make use of term frequencies.
Influence of Demographic Variables and eBanking on Perceived Customers Service Delivery in the Nigerian Banking Sector

The present study examined the influence of demographic variables and electronic banking on perceived customers’ service delivery in the Nigerian Banking Sector. A total of 131 respondents completed and returned the questionnaire administered. Three hypotheses were tested using the t-test for two independent samples and the 2x2 ANOVA. The results showed that sex of customers has a significant influence of services quality perception, that electronic banking has a significant influence on customers’ perception of quality service delivery, and finally that there was no significant influence of age on customers’ perception of quality service delivery. Recommendations were made based on the above findings.
Archive of SID • Technical note New approach for attenuation correction in SPECT images, using linear optimization

Background: Photon attenuation as an inevitable physical phenomenon influences on the diagnostic information of SPECT images and results to errors in accuracy of quantitative measurements. This can be corrected via different physical or mathematical approaches. As the correction equation in mathematical approaches is nonlinear, in this study a new method of linearization called ‘Piece Wise Linearization’ (PWL) is introduced and to substantiate its validity for SPECT image reconstructions, a phantom study is performed. Material and Methods: A SPECT scan of a homemade heart phantom filled with 2 mCi 99mTc was acquired by dual head Siemens E.Cam gamma camera equipped with LEHR collimator. Row data of the scan were transferred in DICOM format to a pc computer for reconstruction of the images using MLEM iterative algorithm in Matlab software. Result: Attenuation map of the phantom ߤሺݔሻ were derived using PWL with linear optimization approach. Based on that, the attenuation corrected SPECT image of the phantom were reconstructed and compared with non-corrected image, using MLEM iterative algorithm. Comparison of the corrected and non-corrected images confirmed with CT attenuation correction method. Conclusion: Attenuation correction in SPECT image can be achieved successfully, using emission data and piecewise linearization with linear optimization approach. The corrected image of ሺ ݔ ሻ and attenuation map ߤሺݔሻ of the heart phantom using this approach promise acceptable image quality for diagnostic clinical use. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2010; 8 (2): 111­116
THE ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

This study aims to determine the effect of product quality and service quality toward customer satisfaction level of users of Vinilon brand. Objects in this study are the agents of PT. RVS located in Jakarta and its sub-agents and stores that are under the agent, with a total of 150 respondents that choose by using judgment sampling method by availability and hospitality of the respondents. Some aspects that measured are technical, delivery, payment, relationship, complaint, and benefit. From those aspects, will be analyzed which aspect that contribute highest contribution through consumer satisfaction from Vinilon user.
Loss of Rb activates both p53‐dependent and independent cell death pathways in the developing mouse nervous system.

Extensive apoptosis occurs in the nervous system of mouse embryos homozygous mutant for a targeted disruption of the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene. This cell death is present in both the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems (PNS) and is associated with abnormal S phase entry of normally post‐mitotic neurons. Aberrant proliferation in the CNS correlates with increased free E2F DNA binding activity and increased expression of cyclin E, an E2F target gene and critical cell cycle regulator. Cell death in the CNS is accompanied by increased levels of the p53 tumor suppressor gene product and increased expression of the p53 target gene, p21Waf‐1/Cip‐1. However, induction of p53 is not observed in the PNS of Rb‐mutant embryos, nor does loss of p53 function inhibit cell death in the PNS. Surprisingly, p21Waf‐1/Cip‐1 is induced in the sensory ganglia of Rb‐mutant embryos in a p53‐independent manner. Although loss of p53 gene function prevents cell death in the CNS of Rb‐mutant embryos, it does not restore normal proliferative control.
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of thermodynamic properties of SU ( 2 N ) ultracold fermions in optical lattices

We have systematically studied the thermodynamic properties of a two-dimensional half-filled SU(2N) Hubbard model on a square lattice by using the determinant quantum Monte Carlo method. The entropy-temperature relation, the isoentropy curve, and the probability distribution of the onsite occupation number are calculated in both SU(4) and SU(6) cases, which exhibit prominent features of the Pomeranchuk effect. We analyze these thermodynamic behaviors based on charge and spin energy scales. In the charge channel, the interaction strength that marks the crossover from the weak to strong interaction regimes increases with the number of fermion components. In the spin channel, increasing the number of fermion components enhances quantum spin fluctuations, which is shown in the simulations of uniform spin susceptibilities and antiferromagnetic structure factors.
Noise-induced rhythm and synchronization across an ensemble of stochastic genetic oscillators

The constructive roles of noise are an ever-growing attractive topic in systems biology. In this paper, noise-induced rhythm in a single genetic motif, and rhythmicity and synchronization out of noise in an ensemble of stochastic genetic oscillators are investigated. It is found that for the former case, an appropriate fluctuation from the extrinsic environment can excite almost regular motions, whereas for the latter case, the noise with proper intensities can induce a pronounced coherence and synchronization. In addition, the communication-enhanced self-induced stochastic coherence, which can be used to account for the observed phenomena, is systematically discussed.
An optimized concurrent network system software supporting effective multi-session streaming in a multimedia appliance

This paper describes an effective concurrent network system software architecture for a high-throughput multi-session streaming service with an appliance. The in-home streaming service is emerging in-home network environments, but concurrent-processing performance of the general communication system software is not enough to guarantee the deterministic transmission quality for high-throughput multi-session streaming service with common consumer appliances. In order to maximize concurrency of the multi-streaming applications, this paper proposes packet magazine (PM) software architecture for the high-throughput multi-session streaming service with the general operating system and the network adapter. The PM handles a series of data structures of packets and descriptors in the application, for both minimizing the unpredictable processing time inside a kernel (device driver) and maximizing concurrency of the multi-session streaming process. The proposed concept also aims to strengthen the application program's role in the streaming process by assigning the responsibility of the transmission-buffer management. The proposed idea is experimentally verified with an IEEE1394-based multimedia streaming test-bed network. The results show that the optimized concurrent software with general purpose hardware can guarantee the deterministic quality for multi-session streaming service. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Value from Hedging Risk with Reinsurance

Reinsurance is a transaction insurance firms use to hedge risk. Existing studies have only investigated the demand for reinsurance. Thus, we do not have direct evidence on whether the use of reinsurance creates value. Our study provides this evidence. We find a positive relation between the use of reinsurance and value. This relation is nuanced. Our results suggest that shareholders fully recognize the value of hedging only in the absence of noise in the firm’s environment. Our results also suggest that the use of hedging creates value for shareholders because hedging may be a less expensive substitute to holding capital.
Algorithms in the diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. XVIII. acute viral hepatitis.

Acute viral hepatitis is a significant public health problem in developing countries and remains a major cause of acute liver disease in the United States. It has been the cause of large outbreaks of jaundice throughout history and has been described by more than four dozen synonyms. Classically, two major forms of hepatitis (A and B) have been delineated on the basis of clinical and epidemiologic evidence. The discovery of Australia antigen in serum [1], later called hepatitis B surface antigen, heralded an explosion of knowledge about the several infections that are called acute viral hepatitis. For example, the classical concepts of hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) as an orally contracted disease and hepatitis B (serum hepatitis) as parenterally spread have been revised; hepatitis A and B may be spread by both routes. Moreover, seroepidemiologic data suggest that there is an additional type of hepatitis (hepatitis C? ) and possibly more types [2]. Despite its high prevalence in many developing countries [3], hepatitis B does not appear to be a major source of infection for travelers. However, the high incidence of hepatitis A among American military personnel and Peace Corps volunteers abroad suggests that this virus is largely responsible for acute hepatitis in travelers returning to the United States.
Federal Commitment: Transparency and Collaboration in the United States

UNLABELLED Federal agencies within the United States (US) are contributing to global advancement of Health Information Technology (HIT) through strategic goals and alignment of priorities. The US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is helping transform HIT as part of health reform efforts. Each DHHS agency participates in ways that are increasingly transparent. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) contributes through performance measurement and reporting activities. Nurses are key players as automated tools promote optimal outcomes. Nurses assure the accurate performance measurement by promoting integration within systematic safety and quality improvement efforts. DISCLAIMER This paper represents the opinions of the authors and does not represent official positions of the United States (US) Government, the US Department of Health and Human Services, or the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration.