Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Spanish women know the best strategy to control body weight

Introduction: Women usually follow diets to control body weight. Nevertheless, previous studies have reported a great unknowledge on the more convenient guidelines to achieve this aim. Aim: To know the practices, habits and knowledge on nutrition of a population of women depending on the previous follow up of slimming diets. Methods: 1506 women (18±50 years) of 5 Spanish provinces were studied. Anthropometric data, information about the habitual food consumption frequency and the knowledge about a balanced diet data was studied. The answers obtained from women who declared to have followed diets to lose weight (49.5 %) (group D) were compared to the answers of women who declared have not been follow this type of diets (50.5 %) (group ND). Results and discussion: Both habitual and considered correct consumption for cereals/pulses, fruits/vegetables and meat/fish/egg was lower than the recommended consumption in women D and ND. Sweets, fat, buns, sausages and alcohol were considered to be, correctly, food to restricting when a diet to control of weight is followed. Nevertheless, and wrongly, bread was also included in this group. Women in group D declared to increase the consumption of vegetables, fruits, water and fish when they follow diets to control weight. On the contrary they do not consider being convenient increase the consumption of cereals and vegetables, which have similar caloric content than the mentioned food but their consumption is low Conclusions: Under knowledge on what it is a correct diet to lose and maintain body weighs is common among the general population and among persons who have followed diets to control weight, which should have a major knowledge on this topic. It justifies the need to improve the nutritional education of the population because, according to the results of the present study, there are false ideas that are necessary to demythologize.
Improving dynamic stability in presence of static generation: issues and potential countermeasures

System dynamic response and related phenomena drastically changed in last ten years; this is a consequence of different factors: the very fast development of inverter based generation (i.e. static generation), the increase of distributed resources, the gradual decarbonization of generation mix and, at last, the change of load behaviour both in amplitude and distribution. In this scenario, modern power systems are much more prone to the establishment of wide instability phenomena that could jeopardize overall security. In order to operate the system maintaining a proper level of service quality for final customers and avoid partial or extended blackouts, some countermeasures must be taken to guarantee adequate stability margins. Therefore, the paper explores the main challenges to address for managing stability of power systems in presence of static generation and at the same time introduces some potential countermeasures with a detailed focus on Italian initiatives.
Locating Delay Fluctuation-Prone Links by Packet Arrival Intervals in OpenFlow Networks

In cloud computing and content delivery networking, OpenFlow-based centrally managed networks to connect distributed servers are becoming popular these days. To maintain service quality and availability in such networks by flexible and dynamic traffic engineering, detecting and locating deteriorated (e.g., congested) links in an efficient manner is essential. Following our previous study that actively monitors packet loss rate to find deteriorated links, in this paper, we actively estimate packet delay variance on each link (note both up and down directions of each full-duplex link are distinguished) in an OpenFlow network. A notable feature is that packet delay variance is estimated based on monitoring arrival time intervals of probe packets without directly measuring packet delay time over a link. In the proposed scheme, a series of probe packets is launched from a measurement host and traverses each direction of each link once and only once by multicasting, while arrival time intervals of those packets at each input port of OpenFlow switches are monitored. Then the OpenFlow controller collects the arrival time interval statistics from those switches to locate delay fluctuation-prone links, i.e., links with a high packet delay variance, which are likely congested or physically unstable. In addition, to minimize the necessary number of accesses to switch ports, an appropriate order of collecting statistics from switches is dynamically controlled. The results of numerical simulation on large-scale network topologies demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme. A prototype implementation which requires an extension of OpenFlow is also presented on Mininet.
A 3D-Printed Wideband Antenna for UHF RFID

A 3D-Printed antenna, designed on a polylactic acid (PLA) substrate, is proposed as a passive tag antenna for UHF radio frequency identification (RFID). The presented antenna operating bandwidth includes all worldwide UHF RFID bands, has a very simple geometry, and can be easily tuned to match many of the commercial RFID chips. The antenna has been designed using a general-purpose 3D computer-aided design (CAD), CST Microwave Studio, and measured results are in very good agreement with simulations.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) HIV prevention policy and programme planning : What can mathematical modelling contribute ?

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Impacts of Inverter Control Modes of Distributed Photovoltaic Sources

Most of the distribution utilities worldwide require the inverter-based photovoltaic (PV) sources to operate at unity power factor (pf). However, with the increasing penetration of solar PVs, their role has been revisited for a better daily operation, using different modes of control, such as a constant but non unity pf and a variable pf, when its named smart inverter. This paper evaluates the impacts of these different modes of the inverter control in the network. The impacts are quantified by some indexes, such as the voltage profile, the transformers loading and the active power losses. Four control modes are compared with different levels of PV penetration. The software Simulight is used to perform steady-state and dynamic simulations using the modified IEEE 34-bus feeder, considering 24-hour typical load and clear sky solar irradiance curves.
An OffLine Fuzzy-Based Decision-Making to Load Shedding in Microgrids

This paper aims to propose a new approach of Load Shedding in microgrid operating in islanded mode. Generally, microgrids have a robust telecommunication system that interconnects all present agents, giving reliability in decisions of load shedding, when necessary. However, the infrastructure of communication can present failures or become unoperated. Based on the standards that a microgrid must guarantee a robust operation even within adverse scenarios, the paper presents an idea with local decision-making using Fuzzy Logic, i.e., all buses will simultaneously decide about a disconnect or reconnect themselves in accordance of the operation scenario. This approach uses only terminal measures of each bus, and a probability of renewable generation and, from these values, the methodology will decide how much of load each bus must disconnect, or, if possible, reconnect the load shed in the past instant. The results show the methodology efficacy using the IEEE-34 Test Feeder in a random day.
Control of Split-Source Cascaded Multilevel Inverter (SS-CMI) for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

The exponential growth of distributed generation has driven the development of new technologies for grid connection. Among them, the converters and control strategies are constantly improved in order to guarantee high efficiency, good dynamic performance and quality of output harmonic content. The Split-Source Inverter (SSI) was proposed as an alternative for the Impedance-Source Inverter (ZSI). Furthermore, several multilevel topologies have been originated from the ZSI including the Cascaded Multilevel Inverter (CMI), however, the CMI has not been investigated for the SSI. Therefore, this paper proposes a control strategy for the SS-CMI, due its interesting characteristics, such as low harmonic content and reduced voltage stress across the switches. The whole control system includes individual Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for each photovoltaic (PV) array and controllers for grid current and dc-bus voltages. Simulation results based on a five-level system are performed aiming to explore the response of the system to forced variations of irradiance, temperature and a grid voltage swell.
Fault diagnosis for wind turbine systems using a neural network estimator

Faults in dynamic systems are caused basically by malfunction of actuators, sensors or other components in the system. In this work a neural network (NN) estimator is used for diagnosing the wind turbines(WT) sensors faults. Radial basis function (RBF) is the type of NN used here. This is because of the ability to approximate a nonlinear input into a linear output. The RBF is trained using sample data collected during a fault free operating condition. The benchmark model has three sensor faults simulated. The proposed method after being applied to the benchmark model was effective as the residual signals were all sensitive to the three sensor faults. The three sensor faults were also isolated as would be in the simulation results.
Research On Routing Incentive Strategy Based On Virtual Credit In VANET

VANET is the application of traditional mobile Ad hoc network on traffic roads, which is a special mobile Ad hoc network. In recent years, a lot of research work has been done on the VANET, but most of these studies fail to consider the selfishness of vehicle nodes in the VANET. However, each vehicle node in VANET has its own private property in practice. This thesis introduces the interest packet and data packet transmission method of CCN and proposes a routing incentive strategy based on virtual credit. First, the system model is established for the proposed incentive strategy, and then introduces the implementation process of the incentive strategy CDI based on virtual credit in detail. Then the VANET message transmission security mechanism is proposed. Finally, the simulation experiment analysis of the CDI incentive strategy is carried out. It proves the effectiveness of the incentive strategy.
Development of an experimental model of in vivo cervical facet joint loading and capsule distraction

While much research points to mechanical injury of the cervical facet joint and its capsular ligament as a likely mechanism for whiplash injury, findings remain speculative for the potential of such injuries to initiate and/or maintain pain. Mechanical injury of the cervical facet joint has been suggested during whiplash kinematics in experimental studies. However, determining a relationship between these mechanical conditions and pain requires simultaneous incorporation of controlled injury conditions, relevant biomechanical measurements, and methods for evaluating physiologic and clinical outcomes of pain. Therefore, this study presents the development of such an in vivo model in the rat. To this end, we provide a summary of preliminary findings characterizing the relationship between facet joint distraction and pain symptoms. A newly developed model of in vivo facet joint loading using controlled distraction across the C6/C7 joint is presented. Preliminary findings of a common clinical measure of behavioral hypersensitivity (mechanical allodynia) are presented as a quantifiable gauge of pain symptoms for imposed facet injury. In addition to data supporting the accuracy, reproducibility, and validity of these methods, preliminary biomechanical data are provided to quantify facet joint injury in the context of associated behavioral outcomes for long-term outcome studies. Pilot findings with this model of facet distraction point to the cervical facet capsule’s ability to produce pain symptoms. Results provide a mechanical context for facet joint injury as a mechanism of pain and suggest this in vivo model may be a useful tool for examining neck pain associated with whiplash injuries and for characterizing injury mechanisms leading to these syndromes.
Fiber Wireless A-RoF/IFoF Uplink of 0.4Gb/s 16-QAM and 0.6Gb/s QPSK Over a 32-Element 60GHz Phased Array Antenna for 5G Fronthaul Networks

We experimentally demonstrate an end-to-end Fiber Wireless A-RoF/IFoF fronthaul link using a 32-element 60GHz phased array antenna and characterize for the first time its linearity using two tone measurements, resulting in an 100Mbd uplink transmission of a 16-QAM signal and a 300Mdb QPSK with beamsteering of 15° degrees across 1km fiber and 1m V-band link, meeting the uplink user-rate KPI-requirements for 5G mmWave networks.
Application of A PEEC Method in Backflashover Simulation of HV Transmission Lines in Thailand

For high voltage transmission lines, direct lightning strikes a tower shielding wire can cause the backflashover phenomena. In this paper, the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method was used as a simulation tool for study of these phenomena of typical 230-kV transmission lines. The discharge process on string insulators is represented by the disruptive effect (DE) method. The lightning current ranges with various tower grounding impedances, causing backflashover in the 230 kV double circuit line with two grounded shielding wires have been investigated in detail. Preventing 95% of lightning strikes causing the backflashover, the proper grounding impedance can be determined.
Overall Population Generalities, Sex Differences, and Individual Differences in Sleep Electroencephalography Functional Connectivity

Sleep is indispensable for humans to maintain normal life activities. Sex and individual differences in sleep patterns and quality of sleep cannot be ignored. Nevertheless, the overall population generalities and sex- or individual- differences in cerebral cortical functional connectivity (FC) during sleep have not been well described. Here, we evaluated the characteristic patterns of FC based on whole-night sleep electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. An improved weighted phase lag index (WPLI) algorithm was applied to obtain the FC in delta (0.5-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha (8-12Hz) and beta band (12-32Hz). FC strength, short-term stability and inter-regional imbalance of FC were studied. We found that the variations in FC-related parameters among sleep stages had overall population commonalities, and these parameters also showed stage- and frequency band-dependent sex differences. With the deepening of no-rapid eye movement (NREM), increased delta and beta FC strength were observed. Rapid eye movement (REM) showed weaker FC strength, higher FC stability, and higher anterior-posterior FC anisotropy than NREM in beta band. Meanwhile, females exhibited higher sleep EEG synchronization and higher delta FC stability in deep NREM sleep than males. Moreover, the dominant hemisphere in terms of FC did not show group generality or stage- and frequency-dependence. Our results add to the understanding of sleep staging function and may provide clues to sex differences in sleep patterns and quality as well as the prevalence and clinical manifestations of sleep-related illness. Short-term stability offers a new perspective in analyzing FC, which cannot be ignored.
Impact of Random Dopant Fluctuation on n-Type Ge Junctionless FinFETs With Metal–Interlayer–Semiconductor Source/Drain Contact Structure

The impact of random dopant fluctuation (RDF) on n-type Ge junctionless FinFETs (JLFETs) with metal–interlayer-semiconductor (MIS) source/drain (S/D) contact structure is firstly investigated via 3-D technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations. The estimation and evaluation of standard deviations in threshold voltage (V<sub>th</sub>), on-state current (I<sub>on</sub>), off-state current (I<sub>off</sub>), subthreshold swing (SS), and drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) by different Ge nanowire doping concentrations and different heights for RDF effects are performed. The results show a decreasing trend of RDF with lower doping concentration of the device. Furthermore, the influence of MIS S/D on RDF of n-type Ge JLFET is assessed through a comparative analysis between an n-type Ge JLFETs with and without MIS S/D structure. The analysis results estimate that MIS S/D can reduce performance variation to approximately 0.0237 V for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sigma }~\text{V}_{\mathrm{ th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 5.75 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\,10^{-5}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/ <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu {\mathrm{ m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sigma }~\text{I}_{\mathrm{ on}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 4.30 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\,10^{-10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/ <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu {\mathrm{ m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sigma }~\text{I}_{\mathrm{ off}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 0.548 mV/dec for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sigma }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SS, and 12.3 mV/V for DIBL, without severe performance degradation of the current nominal values. This estimation gives a significant insight on variability prediction of the 7 nm n-type Ge JLFET device with MIS S/D structure.
Relia-MAC: Timely and Reliable Communication for Safety Critical Applications of VANET

A vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is a type of ad-hoc network that has gained high attention over the past few years and is extensively used in safety critical applications in case of emergency like road accidents. The proper working of VANET in these safety critical applications requires the need of VANET supporting timely and reliable delivery of the data to the receiver vehicles. However, supporting both timely and reliable delivery of the data messages to the receiver has become highly challenging in VANET because vehicle mobility, dynamic mobility pattern of the vehicles, dynamic network topology, and error-prone wireless communication channel. In this paper, this challenge is addressed by proposing Relia-MAC framework that adds timing properties to the novel Adaptive Byte-Hybrid Automatic Repeat request (AB-HARQ) method. The uniqueness of this paper lies in developing a single framework which when implemented in a vehicular ad-hoc network can assure both timely and reliable delivery of the data packets. Both analytic model and simulation studies are used in this paper to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed framework. The simulation studies have identified the effectiveness of Relia-MAC framework in recording higher ring throughput value and packet delivery ratio.
Modeling and Measurement of Exposure to Realistic Non-Uniform Electric Fields at 50 Hz

Human exposure to environmental electric fields can be studied using anatomically realistic models of the human body. However, previous studies have focused on the exposure to idealized uniform electric fields and lack experimental verification. In this study, we developed a realistic simulation model of an electrical substation, featuring a very non-uniform electric field distribution. We then performed measurements of the external electric fields and induced currents in several exposure scenarios at the actual substation, allowing direct comparison between the measured and calculated external electric fields and currents induced in the body. The results indicated a very good agreement between simulated and measured values, demonstrating that large-scale non-uniform exposure scenarios can be accurately modeled. Furthermore, even though the highest external electric field strengths exceeded the reference levels defined in the international exposure guidelines by a factor of approximately two, the internal electric fields were compliant with the exposure limits with a margin of safety of three.
Comparative Evaluation of Methods for Switching Temporary Frequency Support in Islanded Systems

Systems with distributed generators (DG) capable of operating in islanded mode usually present large variations of frequency during the transition from the grid-connected to the islanded operation mode. These variations can be even more critical if the grid presents wind generation. Variable-speed wind generators do not respond intrinsically to frequency variations, and their control should be switched to enable the release of part of its kinetic energy during frequency disturbances. This paper presents an analysis of different switching strategies for temporary frequency support of wind generation based on doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the transition to islanded operation. The islanded system considered presents a wind power penetration level of 50% and, under steady-state conditions, the synchronous generation is responsible for the frequency regulation. The results show that, for this situation, the performance of the well-known virtual inertia is improved if this control is switched off when the rate of change of frequency reaches zero for the first time. As a basis of comparison, a second type of control (based on a constant additional power injection) was also tested. This second control, however, was only effective when the system was subject to very large power imbalances.
Comparative study between PMSM models used for NVH system-level simulation

Modeling of automotive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM)electric drives for Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)assessment involves modeling different components such as electrical machine, power electronics and controller. The usage of transistors for machine control affects the NVH performance, especially within the switching frequency range. Traditionally the method to include power electronics models is to use co-simulation to couple a circuit simulator with an electromagnetic Finite Element (FE)model. However, this approach is computationally expensive. To overcome this limitation, the electromagnetic behavior of the machine can be approximated by using reduced order models. This work compares the co-simulation approach with the system-level model in terms of high frequency NHV behavior. The comparison provides results in terms of time and accuracy.