Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN ARCHITECTURE FOR SEMI-AUTOMATIC ONTOLOGY MERGING SYSTEM.

In recent years, ontologies have played a key technology role for information sharing and agents interoperability in different information systems. But, it seems that there is always more than one conceptualization for the same domain or even for similar domains. In other words, it emerges every day, new different ontology to model the same domain. Therefore, to answer queries on the modeled domain, bridge the gaps between different ontologies is a key challenge for the researchers in the AI community by using ontology merging. In this paper, we propose an architecture for a semi-automatic ontology merging process. The semi-automatic character is handled by the human intervention where the knowledge engineer intervenes to validate the results provided by the similarity computation module. This later is it self composed of two parallel sub-modules. Both of them are based on the combination of lexico-semantic similarity measure. But, in the first one, it is applied on the concept’s names while the second one, it is applied on their properties. If the first sub-module fails to recognize similarities, the second one will accomplish the task which minimizes the human intervention and enhances the performances of the algorithm. The identified similar concepts have to be merged into a single one in the merged ontology, after human validation. The judged different concepts are directly copied to the merged ontology after identifying the concept the most similar to it from the first ontology and checking their hypo(hyper)nymy relationship using wordNet.
ATTACHMENT STYLES AND MARITAL SATISFACTION AMONG YOUNG MARRIED FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Marriage is considered as an important decision which takes place in an individual’s life. Attachments styles determines the marital satisfaction of an individual. This study investigated relationship between attachment styles and marital satisfaction among young married female university students. Data was collected using Experiences in Close Relationship (ECR) and Index of Marital Satisfaction(IMS) . Research sample consisted of N=100 female married university students who were within the age range of 21-25 years. All the research participants were either under graduate and graduates from 5 different institutions of Lahore. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)20 was used to compute the data. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to find out the relationship between attachment styles and marital satisfaction among young married female university students, whereas Multiple linear Regression was used to find attachment styles (anxiety and avoidance) as predictors of marital satisfaction among young married female university students. Results indicated that attachment styles (anxiety and avoidance) were negatively correlated with marital satisfaction. This shows that individuals who scores higher on both attachment subscales (anxiety and avoidance) are less anxious and less avoidant and have more marital satisfaction. Multiple Linear Regression revealed that both attachment subscales (anxiety and avoidance) were likely to predict marital satisfaction among young married female university students. Future implications of the present study were discussed.
The Added Benefit of Combining Laser Doppler Imaging With Clinical Evaluation in Determining the Need for Excision of Indeterminate-Depth Burn Wounds

Background Managing indeterminate-depth burn wounds remains challenging. Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI) has been validated for burn wound depth and can influence the clinical assessment. Our study investigated the value of LDI as an adjunct in determining the need for excision. Methods Seventy American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers were surveyed. A controlled pre-test assessment without LDI and post-test assessment with LDI of 100 indeterminate-depth burn wounds was conducted to evaluate the influence on the clinical judgment among different health professionals. Relative risk, analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test, and intention-to-treat were used for analysis. A p-value \begin{document}\leq\end{document} 0.05 was considered significant. Results Among 32 burn centers, three confirmed using LDI. Six thousand grader-image interactions were analyzed. There was a significant difference in the predictive accuracy for pre-LDI and post-LDI assessments when all graders were considered (51.9% ± 7.0 vs. 72.9% ± 7.9; p < 0.0001). Post-LDI assessment added 20.9% more accuracy than the pre-LDI assessment. The post-LDI assessment was 1.4 times more likely to correctly predict the need for excision and skin-grafting than the pre-LDI assessment. All groups had an improved performance post-LDI: Group 1 (physicians), 51.9 ± 7.5 versus 76.4±5; Group 2 (nurses), 52.1 ± 6.1 versus 72.7±7.7; and Group 3 (others), 51.7 ± 9.2 versus 68.6 ± 10.1. No statistical difference was observed between groups (p = 0.92). Conclusion LDI makes the clinical examination of indeterminate-depth burn wounds more accurate. For every five LDI evaluations performed, one assessor changed their treatment plan as a result of this imaging technique. LDI is cost-effective and increases the accuracy of determining the severity of indeterminate-depth burn wounds.
Magnetostatic torsional actuator with embedded nickel structures

This study demonstrates the magnetostatic torsional actuator consisting in a Si–Ni compound frame to significantly improve the driving force. The present design has three merits: (1) it employs a Si mold to simultaneously electroplate/pattern thick Ni, and the Ni and Si structures respectively provide magnetostatic force and superior mechanical properties, (2) the embedded Ni structures not only increase the ferromagnetic material volume but also enhance magnetization strength to enlarge magnetostatic torque, (3) the Si–Ni compound structure, which is nearly symmetric about the torsional axis in the out-of-plane direction, can decrease the moment of inertia and also reduce the wobble motion. In applications, one-axis torsional actuator is implemented and characterized. The experiments show that the Si–Ni compound scanner has an optical scan angle θoptical = 90◦ with the input power 81 mW. The input power is decreased as compared with the existing scanner. Moreover, the out-of-plane wobble motion is only 44 nm at θoptical = 15◦. Compared with the existing designs consisted of asymmetric structures in the out-of-plane direction, such as electroplated film and silicon rib, about the torsional axis, the equivalent eccentric force is reduced nearly two-fold. In short, the proposed design not only increases the driving force but also decreases the wobble motion. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
The Social Failure of the Mexican Revolution: Redistributive Constraints under High Inequality

Why has inequality in Mexico persisted at historically and comparatively unprecedented levels over the 20 century, despite the construction and consolidation of a strong redistributive post-Revolutionary State? This paper presents an evaluation of the redistributive impact of the Mexican Revolution based on a historical analysis of the evolution and incidence of the principal redistributive instruments implemented in Mexico over the 20 Century (including agrarian reform and agricultural subsidies, the social security, health, and education systems, anti-poverty programs, and generalized consumer subsidies). The chronically truncated and regressive incidence of these instruments, until the end of the century, and their failure to reduce inequality in income as well as education and health achievements over the century, is interpreted as evidence of a failed redistributive State. More generally, the paper identifies endogenous constraints to the redistributive capacities of the State under conditions of high inequality accounting for the truncated Welfare States typical of the region. These include two types of redistributive constraints under conditions of high inequality: the capture of redistributive instruments by organized groups, notably public sector unions and private sector producer groups, but also the endogenous exclusion of large parts of the population from traditional instruments (progressive taxation; contributive social security; “universal” health and education services; generalized consumer subsidies) when applied in these distributive conditions. “Why has 20th century Latin American inequality history been so unique, while everything else about their inequality history from 1491 to the 1920s was so ordinary? ” Williamson (2009)
Liposomal delivery of nucleic acids in vivo

Optimization of cationic liposomal complexes for in vivo applications and therapeutics is complex involving many distinct components. These components include nucleic acid purification, plasmid design, formulation of the delivery vehicle, administration route and schedule, dosing, detection of gene expression, and others. This review will focus on optimization of these components for use in a variety of in vivo applications. Use of improved liposome formulations for delivery in vivo is valuable for gene therapy and would avoid several problems associated with viral delivery. Delivery of nucleic acids using liposomes is promising as a safe and non-immunogenic approach to gene therapy. Furthermore, gene therapeutics composed of artificial reagents can be standardized and regulated as drugs rather than as biologics. Optimizing all components of the delivery system will allow broad use of liposomal complexes to treat or cure human diseases or disorders.
Effects of different concentrations of pollen extract on brain tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss

Objective: T o determine the antioxidant capacities of pollen extract applied at different concentrations on biochemical parameters in brain tissues of rainbow trouts. Methods: T he effective concentration of pollen was determined with some biochemical parameters in brain tissues of fish treated at various concentrations of the pollen extract ( 0 . 5 , 2 . 5 , 5 , 10 , 20 and 30 mg/ L ) for 96 h. T he malondialdehyde levels, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and amounts of total free sulfhydryl groups were analyzed in fish brain. Results: T he malondialdehyde levels decreased in groups of 0 . 5 , 2 . 5 , 5 , 10 , 20 and 30 mg/ L pollen-treated compared to control group ( P< 0 . 05 ) . T he highest level of total antioxidant status ( P< 0 . 05 ) and the lowest value ( P< 0 . 05 ) of the total oxidant status was 10 mg/ L concentration of pollen. O xidative stress index and level of sulfhydryl groups showed lowest values ( P< 0 . 05 ) in 10 mg/ L pollen treated group compared with control group. Conclusions: T o apply the pollen to fish reduces the detrimental effects and modulates oxidative status via activating antioxidant defense systems at brain tissue. A s a result, pollen can be added up to 10 mg/ L to the medium of rainbow trout to improve health of fish.
INDIRECT AND SEMI-DIRECT

from the ice sheet along the coastline near Barrow, Alaska. Photo by Alexei Korolev. by GreG M. McFarquhar, Steven Ghan, JohanneS verlinde, alexei Korolev, J. Walter Strapp, beat SchMid, JaSon M. toMlinSon, MenGiStu Wolde, Sarah d. brooKS, dan cziczo, Manvendra K. dubey, JiWen Fan, connor Flynn, iSMail Gultepe, John hubbe, Mary K. GilleS, alexander laSKin, paul laWSon, W. richard leaitch, peter liu, xiaohonG liu, dan lubin, claudio Mazzoleni, ann-Marie Macdonald, ryan c. MoFFet, huGh MorriSon, MiKhail ovchinniKov, MattheW d. Shupe, david d. turner, ShaochenG xie, alla zelenyuK, Kenny bae, Matt Freer, and andreW Glen
Différences et similitudes des promotions industrielles et des promotions institutionnelles

Parallelement a l’evolution du cadre reglementaire de la recherche clinique, l’Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris a concu a partir de decembre 2000 une approche pragmatique du suivi des etudes a promotion institutionnelle. Apres avoir defini le socle des pratiques indispensable a toute etude clinique pour eviter les risques, les fraudes et les defauts de qualite, une approche graduee du suivi des etudes institutionnelles a ete concue et mise en place, en fonction de leur risque previsible. Le systeme utilise actuellement devra etre en permanence evalue et adapte aux evolutions de la reglementation d’une part et aux resultats obtenus, d’autre part.
Poly(A) Binding Protein Is Required for Nuclear Localization of the Ecdysteroidogenic Transcription Factor Molting Defective in the Prothoracic Gland of Drosophila melanogaster

Steroid hormone signaling contributes to the development of multicellular organisms. In insects, ecdysteroids, like ecdysone and the more biologically-active derivative 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), promote molting and metamorphosis. Ecdysone is biosynthesized in the prothoracic gland (PG), via several steps catalyzed by ecdysteroidogenic enzymes that are encoded by Halloween genes. The spatio-temporal expression pattern of ecdysteroidogenic genes is strictly controlled, resulting in a proper fluctuation of the 20E titer during insect development. However, their transcriptional regulatory mechanism is still elusive. A previous study has found that the polyadenylated tail [poly(A)] deadenylation complex, called Carbon catabolite repressor 4-Negative on TATA (CCR4-NOT) regulates the expression of spookier (spok), which encodes one of the ecdysteroidogenic enzymes in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Based on this finding, we speculated whether any other poly(A)-related protein also regulates spok expression. In this study, we reported that poly(A) binding protein (Pabp) is involved in spok expression by regulating nuclear localization of the transcription factor molting defective (Mld). When pabp was knocked down specifically in the PG by transgenic RNAi, both spok mRNA and Spok protein levels were significantly reduced. In addition, the spok promoter-driven green fluorescence protein (GFP) signal was also reduced in the pabp-RNAi PG, suggesting that Pabp is involved in the transcriptional regulation of spok. We next examined which transcription factors are responsible for Pabp-dependent transcriptional regulation. Among the transcription factors acting in the PG, we primarily focused on the zinc-finger transcription factor Mld, as Mld is essential for spok transcription. Mld was localized in the nucleus of the control PG cells, while Mld abnormally accumulated in the cytoplasm of pabp-RNAi PG cells. In contrast, pabp-RNAi did not affect the nuclear localization of other transcription factors, including ventral vein lacking (Vvl) and POU domain motif 3 (Pdm3), in PG cells. From these results, we propose that Pabp regulates subcellular localization in the PG, specifically of the transcription factor Mld, in the context of ecdysone biosynthesis.
Bioavailability of particle‐associated silver, cadmium, and zinc to the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus through dietary ingestion

We conducted experiments to determine effects of particle type on assimilatory metal bioavailability to Leptocheirus plumulosus, an infaunal, estuarine amphipod that is commonly used in sediment toxicity tests. The following particles were used to represent natural food items encountered by this surface‐deposit and suspension‐feeding amphipod: bacterial exopolymeric sediment coatings, polymeric coatings made from Spartina alterniflora extract, amorphous iron oxide coatings, the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta, processed estuarine sediment, and fresh estuarine sediment. Bioavailability of the gamma‐emitting radioisotopes 110mAg, 109Cd, and 65Zn was measured as the efficiency with which L. plumulosus assimilated metals from particles using pulse‐chase methods. Ag and Cd assimilation efficiencies were highest from bacterial exopolymeric coatings. Zn assimilation efficiency exhibited considerable interexperimental variation; the highest Zn assimilation efficiencies were measured from phytoplankton and processed sediment. In general, Ag and Cd assimilation efficiencies from phytoplankton were low and not related to the proportion of metal associated with cell cytosol or cytoplasm, a phenomenon reported for other particle‐ingesting invertebrates. Amphipod digestive processes explain differences in Ag and Cd assimilation efficiencies between exopolymeric coatings and phytoplankton. Results highlight the importance of labile polymeric organic carbon sediment coatings in dietary metals uptake by this benthic invertebrate, rather than recalcitrant organic carbon, mineralogical features such as iron oxides, or phytoplankton.
Apoplastic Cell Death-Inducing Proteins of Filamentous Plant Pathogens: Roles in Plant-Pathogen Interactions

Filamentous pathogens, such as phytopathogenic oomycetes and fungi, secrete a remarkable diversity of apoplastic effector proteins to facilitate infection, many of which are able to induce cell death in plants. Over the past decades, over 177 apoplastic cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) have been identified in filamentous oomycetes and fungi. An emerging number of studies have demonstrated the role of many apoplastic CDIPs as essential virulence factors. At the same time, apoplastic CDIPs have been documented to be recognized by plant cells as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The recent findings of extracellular recognition of apoplastic CDIPs by plant leucine-rich repeat-receptor-like proteins (LRR-RLPs) have greatly advanced our understanding of how plants detect them and mount a defense response. This review summarizes the latest advances in identifying apoplastic CDIPs of plant pathogenic oomycetes and fungi, and our current understanding of the dual roles of apoplastic CDIPs in plant-filamentous pathogen interactions.
Acute Lethal Toxicity and Accumulation of Copper in Gammarus pulex (L.) (Amphipoda)

Gammarus pulex (L.) collected from clean sites around Kabakli pond (Diyarbakir) was acclimatized at 15°C for 10 days. The individuals were placed in 1lt. vessels and exposed to Cu ++ concentrations of 0.05, 0.08, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.50 ppm to determine both 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values and Cu++ accumulation over 96h. LC 50 values at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were calculated to be 0.2, 0.17, 0.12 and 0.1 ppm, respectively. Acute copper accumulation in gammarids exposed to various copper concentrations over 96 h was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. An equation of logY=1.523+0.078logx, r=0.976 was obtained from the relationship between the copper concentration of the surrounding water (X) and the body copper accumulation (Y) in G. pulex. This relatonship was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). There was an increase in copper accumulation rate in proportion to water copper concentrations.
Development and Evaluation of Nutritionally Superior Baked Products Containing Flaxseed

2 Abstract: The unleavened flat breads were prepared from Whole Wheat Flour (WWF) fortified with 16% Partially Defatted Flaxseed Flour (PDF) and 12% full fat flaxseed flour. Similarly Straight Grade Flour (SGF) used for the production of pan bread was fortified with both 12% PDF and FFF. The resultant unleavened flat breads and pan breads were analyzed for their dietary fiber, amino acid and fatty acid profile. The unleavened flat breads and breads prepared from both PDF and FFF supplemented composite flours yielded significantly higher contents of soluble, non soluble and total dietary fibers. Unleavened flat breads possessed higher dietary fiber content than those of breads. The unleavened flat breads prepared from 16% PDF supplemented WWF possessed significantly the highest content of isoleucine (1.16 g/100 g flour) and the lowest isoleucine content (0.45 g/100 g flour) was found in breads prepared from control flour (100% SGF). The results indicated that contents of all the tested essential amino acids were improved substantially by the supplementation of PDF and FFF in the wheat flours. Unleavened flat breads containing 12% FFF possessed the highest content of palmitic (0.595%) and stearic acid (0.152%). The results further indicate that an excellent ratio of linoleic acid over linolenic existed in the unleavened flat breads and breads prepared from full fat flaxseed supplemented composite flours.
Density Visualization Pipeline: A Tool for Cellular and Network Density Visualization and Analysis

Neuron classification is an important component in analyzing network structure and quantifying the effect of neuron topology on signal processing. Current quantification and classification approaches rely on morphology projection onto lower-dimensional spaces. In this paper a 3D visualization and quantification tool is presented. The Density Visualization Pipeline (DVP) computes, visualizes and quantifies the density distribution, i.e., the “mass” of interneurons. We use the DVP to characterize and classify a set of GABAergic interneurons. Classification of GABAergic interneurons is of crucial importance to understand on the one hand their various functions and on the other hand their ubiquitous appearance in the neocortex. 3D density map visualization and projection to the one-dimensional x, y, z subspaces show a clear distinction between the studied cells, based on these metrics. The DVP can be coupled to computational studies of the behavior of neurons and networks, in which network topology information is derived from DVP information. The DVP reads common neuromorphological file formats, e.g., Neurolucida XML files, NeuroMorpho.org SWC files and plain ASCII files. Full 3D visualization and projections of the density to 1D and 2D manifolds are supported by the DVP. All routines are embedded within the visual programming IDE VRL-Studio for Java which allows the definition and rapid modification of analysis workflows.
THE TRAFFIC ROUTES OF TYROSINASES ON THEIR WAY TOWARDS MELANOSOMES

In the past few years, many studies have added their contribution to the knowledge on tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2 traffic to melanosomes. Using cell lines having the hypopigmentation syndromes phenotypes, important progress has been made in understanding each step of melanosomal proteins transport to their target organelles, the melanosomes. In the present review we follow each of the three proteins in their journey from nascent polypeptide chains to maturation and further on the routes towards their site of activity. We also discuss the role of tyrosinases in pigmentation and the factors that contribute to the regulation of their melanocyte-specific expression. The sorting signals involved in their intracellular traffic and the molecules they interact with are next reviewed. Finally, we focus on the latest studies regarding the regulation of tyrosinase activity mediated by the ATP7A copper transporter.