Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study

Background:Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe cutaneous drug reaction associated with considerable morbidity, possible transition to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and death in certain cases. Objective: To determine whether treatment with high-dose IVIG in SJS patients may improve outcome. Methods: Data from 12 patients (collected between January 1997 and November 2000 from7 university dermatology centers in Europe and North America) diagnosed with SJS according to a recent consensus definition was analyzed retrospectively. All patients had progressive ongoing epidermal detachment at the time of treatment initiation. Patients with overlap syndromes and TEN were excluded. Tolerance, survival at 45 days after onset and total healing time were assessed. Results: Twelve SJS patients (mean age 44 years) were treated with IVIG at a mean dose of 0.6g/kg/day for an average of 4 days. An objective response to IVIG infusion was observed in all patients within a mean of 2 days, and the overall survival rate was 100%. Total skin healing occurred, on average, within 8.3 days. Time to total healing was shorter in a group of patients with fewer severe underlying diseases who had received IVIG infusion rapidly after the onset of skin lesions. Conclusion: High-dose IVIG may be effective in blocking the progression of SJS and reducing the time to complete skin healing.
A Case of Severe Anaphylactic Reaction Secondary to Isosulfan Blue Dye Injection.

BACKGROUND Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis resulting from isosulfan blue dye are rare but warrant a thorough review given that lymph node mapping has become an increasingly common procedure, putting more patients at risk. CASE REPORT Our patient was an 82-year-old female who underwent elective excision of a right forearm melanoma and right axillary sentinel lymph node mapping and suffered an anaphylactic reaction approximately 15 minutes after injection of isosulfan blue dye. The procedure was aborted. She was intubated; diphenhydramine and dexamethasone were administered; her blood pressure was stabilized with phenylephrine, epinephrine, and intravenous fluids; and she was transferred to the intensive care unit. She was extubated on postoperative day 1 and discharged home on postoperative day 2. CONCLUSION Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard of care for staging several cancers, and isosulfan blue is the dye most commonly used for this procedure. Reactions to the dye occur in some patients; however, we recommend the continued use of isosulfan blue dye for lymph node mapping given the low incidence of adverse effects, with no reported mortalities. Physicians should be prepared for the potential risk of anaphylactic shock.
Growing evanescent waves in continuous microstrip grids containing meandered lines

We demonstrate through a combination of circuit and full-wave simulations that a grid of continuous microstrip transmission lines without any lumped elements, is capable of growing evanescent waves. These continuous microstrip grids come in two flavors: a backward-wave transmission line (BWTL) grid and a forward-wave transmission line (FWTL) grid. It has already been demonstrated through ideal transmission-line simulations that a BWTL grid, sandwiched between two FWTL grids, supports growing evanescent waves. However, the size of the FWTL unit cell is larger than that of the BWTL unit cell; this results in a physical mismatch at the boundary between the two grids. To this end, we show that by meandering the microstrip lines of the FWTL unit cell its size can be matched to that of the BWTL unit cell. Using this approach, we design a physically realizable microstrip implementation of the two grids and show, through a combination of full-wave and circuit simulations, that a 3-region FWTL/BWTL/FWTL setup can support growing evanescent waves.
Correlation Between Gene Expression Profiling-Based Molecular and Morphologic Classification of Breast Cancer

The morphologically and biologically diverse types of breast carcinomas are currently classified and managed on the basis of a number of clinically validated clinicopathologic factors that are used to assess prognosis, guide therapy, and predict response to therapy. These factors include patient age and menopausal status, tumor type, size and grade, lymphovascular involvement, nodal status, and status of various markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Her2. Based on these prognostic and predictive markers, the patients will receive local or systemic therapy—radiation or chemotherapy—with or without hormonal or trastuzumab therapy. Predicting the prognosis and metastatic potential of carcinomas at the time of detection is a major challenge in the current management of patients with breast carcinoma. One major criticism of our current approach is that it does not accurately predict outcome for individual patients. For example, morphologically similar tumors with identical immunoprofiles may respond differently to the same therapy. Furthermore, approximately 15% of the carcinomas categorized as low grade and with a low risk of aggressive behavior (based on a tumor size of <1 cm, node negativity, ER and/or PR positivity, low grade and postmenopausal status) will recur. One potential reason for the 15% divergence from anticipated behavior may be the lack of veritable standardization in assessment of all currently used predictive and prognostic factors. Another criticism is that despite many years of using a morphologic and functional approach to the classification of breast carcinomas, some variants remained “undiscovered” until recently. Among the recently discovered variants are the various metaplastic and myoepithelial derived carcinomas. One wonders whether these truly reflect the discovery of new variants of breast carcinoma induced by some novel environmental influence or whether these lesions were always around and simply ignored in our efforts to pigeon-hole them into known and well-recognized categories of breast carcinoma. I suspect additional morphologic variants of breast carcinoma will be “discovered. ” The introduction of immunohistochemistry has been extremely helpful in refining and “purifying” some of the categories. Gene Expression Profiling of Breast Carcinomas
EXPRESSION OF LECTIN RECEPTORS ON THE MEMBRANE SURFACE OF SPERM OF FERTILE AND SUBFERTILE BOARS BY FLOW CYTOMETRY

Studies suggest that carbohydrates are important in different stages of fertilization. Plasma membrane changes accompanying in vitro capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR), such as removal or appearance of specific glycoproteins, have been studied using lectins that bind specifically to carbohydrate residues. In specialized artificial insemination farms and semen production centers, identification of boars with decreased fertilization ability (subfertility) is a newborn necessity. This investigation is a sequential study to determine the kinetics of surface carbohydrates turnover during in vitro capacitation and AR in fertile and subfertile boar sperm. Flow cytometry determinations of the binding of three FITC-labeled lectins were assessed. WGA binding was significantly lower in fresh, capacitated, and acrosome-reacted sperm of subfertile boars than in fertile boars. Con-A binding was not significantly different in fresh sperm of fertile and subfertile boars. However, Con-A labeling in capacitated, and acrosome-reacted sperm differed significantly in both groups. UEA binding increased only in capacitated sperm of subfertile boars. These findings could be used as indicators of capacitation and AR and may also be a good indicator of sperm fertilizing ability in boars.
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ASSOCIATED WITH THYROTOXICOSIS

Objective: Thyrotoxicosis is the endocrine disorder which increases oxygen demand and at the same time can induce coronary vasospasm leading to acute myocardial infarction. Patients with thyrotoxicosis induced acute myocardial infarction are rare. The exact mechanism is still not known. The patients with painless thyroiditis shows thyrotoxic phase during early phase which is the main culprit for changes in cardiovascular hemodynamic and acute myocardial infarction. Here, we present a 23 year old male patient without any risk factors of cardiovascular disease presenting with acute myocardial infarction induced by thyrotoxicosis due to painless thyroiditis.
Dynamics of metapopulations : habitat destruction and competitive coexistence

1. We take a previously studied model for two species one of which is competitively inferior coexisting in a patchy environment, and examine the effects of removing patches (that is, of decreasing the amount of available habitat). 2. Habitat destruction or patch removal reduces the number (and proportion) of patches occupied by the superior competitor, but can result in an increase in the total number of patches occupied by the inferior competitor (even though there are fewer patches in total). 3. It has long been appreciated that disturbance and destruction of habitat can create edge effects and other ecological changes favouring 'weedy' species. The present study suggests that patch removal can by itself favour such species, even in the absence of other, concomitant changes. 4. An implication relevant to conservation biology is that habitat loss can bring about changes in community composition in remaining patches, even if such patches themselves undergo no intrinsic changes whatsoever.
Molecular organization of virus particles: implications for assembly.

Subunits that form assembfies fike bacteriophage heads or taifs must have structural features that permit both recognition and accommodatlon-recognition of like or unfike components as required by the assembly pathway and accommodation to alternative binding environments, such as quasi-equivalent positions ln an icosahedral shell. Moreover, the resulting assembly must be precise-head size determination is unam-biguous, for example-and in general it must be poTgmorphic-able to undergo defined structural changes as in head expansion or tail contraction. Our understanding, of these properties derives from an impressive series of genetic and morphological experiments on a variety of bacteriophage assembly pathways (thoroughly reviewed by Klng and Casjens, 1975). Mo-lecufar mechanisms must, however, be supplied by high resolution structure determination, and it is the purpose of this introductory note to outline some of the fessons from crystallographic studies of smalfer viruses and to suggest what they might imply for bacteriophage. ICOSAHEDRAL SHELLS Phage heads, like the coats of slmple, spherical viruses, are based on an icosahedral design. The origins of this s1'rn-metry are well understood, followlng the arquments of Crick and Watson (1956) and Caspar and Klug (1962). fn brief, 9e-netic economy requires "mass produced" subunits, and spontaneous assembly requires specific and unambiquous bonding. Since the identical units are thus linked in a repeated fash-lon, symmetry results, and for a cfosed sheff the most ef
Smooth switching problem in buffered crossbar switches

Scalability considerations drive the switch fabric design to evolve from output queueing to input queueing and further to combined input and crosspoint queueing (CICQ). However, few CICQ switches are known with guaranteed quality of service, and credit-based flow control induces a scalability bottleneck. In this paper, we propose a novel CICQ switch called the smoothed buffered crossbar or sBUX, based on a new design objective of smoothness and on a new rate-based flow control scheme called the smoothed multiplexer or sMUX. It is proved that with a buffer of just four cells at each crosspoint, sBUX can utilize 100% of the switch capacity to provide deterministic guarantees of bandwidth and fairness, delay and jitter bounds for each flow. In particular, neither credit-based flow control nor speedup is used, and arbitrary fabric-internal latency is allowed between line cards and the switch core.
Planetary Tectonics: Planetary tectonics: introduction

The geocentric realm of tectonics changed with the dawn of robotic exploration of the other bodies of the solar system. A diverse assortment of tectonic landforms has been revealed, some familiar and some with no analogues to terrestrial structural features. In this chapter, we briefly introduce some of the major topics in the book. The chapters review what is known about the tectonics on Mercury, Venus, the Moon, Mars, the outer planet satellites, and asteroids. There are also chapters that describe the mapping and analysis of tectonic features and review our understanding of the strength of planetary lithospheres and fault populations.
Rho GTPases at the crossroad of signaling networks in mammals

The following collection of reviews concerning Rho GTPases was elaborated in the perspective of a special anniversary. 30 years ago, Pascal Madaule, postdoc in Richard Axel’s laboratory at Columbia University, was searching for homologs of mammalian hormones in Aplysia. One of the clones presented a strong sequence homology to Ras, and was then termed Rho for Ras Homologous. Then they established that this new protein was evolutionary conserved from yeast to Humans. This discovery opened several new fields of research. Firstly, back in France, Pascal Madaule and his students discovered many other small GTPases by sequence homology and new protein families were built (Ras, Rho, Rab, ARF, . . .). More than one hundred members of small GTPase family are now known. Secondly, very rapidly after their discovery, Rho family GTPases major functions were determined thanks to the bacterial toxins developed in parallel . Pierre Chardin, an ex-student of Pascal Madaule, in collaboration with Patrice Boquet and Michel Popoff enlightened the role of Rho in actin cytoskeleton organization. After these fundamental discoveries, the next milestone was to determine the specific roles of RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, the three canonical members of Rho family GTPases, in very specific reorganizations of actin cytoskeleton (i.e. stress fibers, lamellipodia and filopodia). During the last 30 years, the landscape has been enlarged and depixelated, Rho GTPases are now established key regulators of many fundamental cellular processes, involved in each cellular process which depends on cytoskeletal organization (e.g. the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, cell division, and cell motility), but also in gene expression, vesicle trafficking and endocytosis. The Rho family consists of 22 genes in humans, encoding at least 25 signaling proteins. It was time to try to gather most of the accumulated knowledge about these central actors of so many different signaling pathways. This special issue of Small GTPases is divided into six focus article sections depicting Rho family GTPases from biochemistry to physiopathology.
Brain activation patterns in major depressive disorder and work stress-related long-term sick leave among Swedish females

Deficits in executive functioning and working memory associated with frontal lobe dysfunction are prominent in depression and work-related long-term sick leave (LTSL). This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate potential differences in brain activation patterns in these conditions. In addition, the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis was examined and compared between groups. Since there is a clear overrepresentation of women in these diagnostic groups, and to ensure a more homogenous sample population, only women were included. To examine the neural correlates of relevant cognitive processes in patients on sick leave >90 days due to work-related LTSL, recently diagnosed patients with major depression Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV criteria, untreated), and healthy controls (n = 10, each group), a 2-back working memory task and a visual long-term memory task were administered during fMRI scanning. HPA axis functioning was investigated using a diurnal curve of saliva cortisol and a dexamethasone suppression test. Task performance was comparable among the three groups. Multivariate image analysis revealed that both memory tasks engaged a similar brain network in all three groups, including the prefrontal and parietal cortex. During the 2-back task, LTSL patients had significant frontal hypoactivation compared to controls and patients with depression. Saliva cortisol measurements showed a flattening of the diurnal rythmicity in LTSL patients compared to patients with depression and healthy contols. Taken together, these findings indicate that work stress-related LTSL and major depression are dissociable in terms of frontal activation and diurnal cortisol rhythmicity.
Analyzing personality types to predict team performance

This paper presents an approach in analyzing personality types, temperament and team diversity to determine software engineering (SE) teams performance. The benefits of understanding personality types and its relationships amongst team members are crucial for project success. Rough set analysis was used to analyze Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality types, Keirsey temperament, team diversity, and team performance. The result shows positive relationships between these attributes.
Supplementary Online Material for : Binding and Translocation of Termination Factor Rho Studied at the Single-Molecule Level

0022-2836/© 2012 Elsevier Ltd. Open acc Rho termination factor is an essential hexameric helicase responsible for terminating 20–50% of all mRNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. We used single-molecule force spectroscopy to investigate Rho–RNA binding interactions at the Rho utilization site of the λtR1 terminator. Our results are consistent with Rho complexes adopting two states: one that binds 57±2nt of RNAacross all six of the Rho primary binding sites, and another that binds 85±2nt at the six primary sites plus a single secondary site situated at the center of the hexamer. The single-molecule data serve to establish that Rho translocates 5′→3′ toward RNA polymerase (RNAP) by a tethered-tracking mechanism, looping out the intervening RNA between the Rho utilization site and RNAP. These findings lead to a general model for Rho binding and translocation and establish a novel experimental approach that should facilitate additional single-molecule studies of RNA-binding proteins. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
Is Indian tea (chai) detrimental to dietary iron absorption

Indian tea preparation involves addition of milk to brewed black tea. It is a well-known fact that individually both tea polyphenols and milk proteins inhibit iron absorption by forming complexes with dietary iron, rendering it insoluble in the gut. However, when present in combination these dietary components could have an ambiguous effect of either increasing the available iron by binding each other or decreasing iron availability by showing additive inhibitory effect. Our objective was to investigate effect of milk addition to tea on iron bioavailability using in vitro digestion method. Treatments namely, tea only (A), tea+milk (B) and milk only (C), were mixed with FeCl3 to yield solutions that are 5 mM in iron. These solutions were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and were further estimated for percent dialyzability and solubility of iron using ferrozine as indicator. Results obtained showed that dialyzable iron in the treatment of tea with milk was lowest (19.83 ± 1.71% of total iron in the treatment) compared to treatment of tea only (30.8 ± 2.03%) and milk only (24.72 ± 3.73%). Our results suggest that tea and milk when taken together could have higher deleterious effect on iron availability than taken individually, and this might be a possible factor contributing to the prevailing iron deficiency throughout the country.
Structure of the Bovine Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein (NRAMP 1) Gene and Identification of a Novel Polymorphism

The NRAMP 1 gene is a major candidate gene influencing the outcome of infections with intracellular pathogens in numerous species. NRAMP 1 is highly conserved in many mammalian species and the NRAMP 1 gene shows considerable conservation in structure between mice and humans. The association of NRAMP 1 gene polymorphisms with disease in cattle has been limited to a single microsatellite located within the 3′-non coding region of the bovine NRAMP 1 gene. In order to facilitate further studies on this important gene, we now report the nearly complete structure of the bovine NRAMP 1 gene, including sizes and positions of 13 introns relative to the bovine NRAMP 1 gene coding sequence and the DNA sequence of intron–exon junctions. Comparison of the bovine, murine and human NRAMP 1 gene structures revealed a high degree of conservation in intron placement, though the lengths of several introns were less-well conserved. In general, the greatest divergence in intron lengths occurred in regions of the NRAMP 1 gene displaying the lowest coding sequence conservation. In addition, mutations near intron–exon junctions could account for 25 of the 75 total amino acid differences between murine and bovine NRAMP 1. Using information gained through this study, it was possible to rapidly identify a novel polymorphism within the bovine NRAMP 1 gene intron X. This polymorphism was shown by direct DNA sequence analysis to consist of insertion of three guanine nucleotides at positions 37, 40 and 98 relative to the intron X start point. Initial scans of several cattle breeds suggest that the two intron X alleles identified here are stable and widespread in the Bos taurus population.
An immunochemical study of the combining site specificities of C57BL/6J monoclonal antibodies to alpha (1----6)-linked dextran B512.

This is the first report of an immunochemical study of the combining site specificities of a set of monoclonal antibodies to dextran B512 from C57BL/6J mice. The results confirm previous observations on antidextran combining sites and reveal specificities not seen earlier extending the observed repertoire of antibody combining sites to the single alpha (1----6)-linked glucosyl antigenic determinant. Eight C57BL/6J anti-dextran B512 hybridomas, four IgM,kappa and four IgA,kappa, were produced by PEG fusion of immune spleen cells with the nonproducer myeloma cell line P3X63Ag8 6.5. 3. Antibody combining site specificities were determined by quantitative precipitin assays with 14 dextrans. Native dextrans with high percentages of linear alpha (1----6)-linked glucoses, similar to the immunogen B512, were the best precipitinogens; dextrans with alternating alpha (1----3), alpha (1----6) linkages, and highly branched dextrans were less effective. All antibodies precipitated with a synthetic, unbranched alpha (1----6)-linked dextran, suggesting their combining sites were "groove-like" and directed toward internal sequences of alpha (1----6)-linked residues, rather than "cavity-like" and directed toward a nonreducing terminal glucose. Two of the IgA hybridomas gave biphasic precipitin curves with dextran B512; this was shown to be due to differences in the precipitability of IgA monomers and polymers. Differences were observed in the reactivities of several dextrans considered previously to be structurally similar, and a newly proposed structural model of dextran B1299S was assessed. Quantitative precipitin inhibition studies with alpha (1----6)-linked isomaltosyl (IM) oligosaccharides, IM2 to IM9, showed that maximum inhibition was reached with IM6 or IM7, consistent with earlier estimates of the upper limit for the sizes of anti-B512 combining sites. Two IgM hybridomas showed a unique pattern, with inhibition being obtained only with IM5 or larger IM oligosaccharides. Association constants of the antidextrans for dextran B512 and for IM7, determined by affinity gel electrophoresis, ranged from 10(2) to 10(4) ml/g, comparable to earlier findings with antidextrans and other anticarbohydrate antibodies.