Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Temperature Inversions in the Generation of Seasonal and Interannual SST Variability in the Far Northern Bay of Bengal

AbstractThe northern Bay of Bengal is characterized by freshwater supply from the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. The resulting shallow haline stratification and thick barrier layer lead to temperature inversions in fall and winter, that is, cool surface water overlaying warm subsurface water. This study examines sea surface temperature (SST) variability off Bangladesh and shows that temperature inversions play an essential role in generating seasonal and interannual SST variability there. Two satellite SST datasets reveal that the magnitude of SST variability has a local peak near the coast of Bangladesh on seasonal and interannual time scales. Output from a high-resolution ocean general circulation model, which is validated by satellite SST and Argo float observations, is used to calculate the mixed layer heat budget. Results show that inverted temperature profiles lead to SST warming on the seasonal time scale via heat exchange at the bottom of the mixed layer, which balances climatological atmospheric .
A tabu search strategy for finding low energy structures of proteins in HP - model

HP-model is one of the most successful and well-studied simplified lattice models of protein folding. It uses mathematical abstraction of proteins for hiding many aspects of the folding process and works as hypothesis generator. Due to the NP-hardness results of the protein folding problem many approximation algorithms, have been used to solve it. In the paper, the method for finding low energy conformations of proteins, based on the tabu search strategy, has been proposed. The algorithm has been extensively tested and the tests showed its very good performance.
TITLE: CORPORATE REPUTATION IN THE SPANISH CONTEXT: AN INTERACTION BETWEEN REPORTING TO STAKEHOLDERS AND INDUSTRY RUNNING HEAD: REPUTATION AND REPORTING TO STAKEHOLDERS

The authors describe the intensity and orientation of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting in four Spanish industries and explore the relationship that exists between both concepts and an independent measurement of reputation for CSR (CSRR). The results demonstrate that the CSR reporting is especially relevant and useful in the finance industry. Finance companies report significantly more CSR information than most industries in Spain and this reporting is more closely linked to their CSRR than the CSR reporting of basic, consumer goods and services industries.
Frequency Estimation of Irregularly Sampled Data Using a Sparsity Constrained Weighted Least-Squares Approach

In this paper, a new method for frequency estimation of irregularly sampled data is proposed. In comparison with the previous sparsity-based methods where the sparsity constraint is applied to a least-squares fitting problem, the proposed method is based on a sparsity constrained weighted least-squares problem. The resulting problem is solved in an iterative manner, allowing the usage of the solution obtained at each iteration to determine the weights of the least-squares fitting term at the next iteration. Such an appropriate weighting of the least-squares fitting term enhances the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results verify that the proposed method can detect the spectral peaks using a very short data record. Compared to the previous one, the proposed method is less probable to miss the actual spectral peaks and exhibit spurious peaks.
A study of profile of patients failing first line NACO recommended ART

Background: Failure of first line NACO recommended Therapy has been reported in 1-5% cases of HIV/AIDS. Various factors are associated with failure. This study describes the profile of patients failing first line ART (FLA) in a predominately lower socioeconomic population. The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with failure of FLA.Methods: Retrospective data analysis of patients failing first line therapy. Epidemiological information, clinical parameters and laboratory reports were taken into consideration. Data was analysed as per standard statistical analysis.Results: Out of a total 3926 patients on first line ART for varying periods of time from our ART centre 54 patients were on second line ART. Males (2.20%) had a high failure rate than females (0.50%). The average time of failure was 64.11 months with a median of 56.50 months. 74.1% (40/54) of the patients had very low CD4 count at the time of initial diagnosis. Failure rate of FLA was higher in the patients having Stavudine based regimen (NRTI) (6.61%) and 3.64% in patients having Nevirapine based regimen (NNRTI). Conclusions: Second line therapy is required only in a small number of patients at present, but as it is related to the duration on first line ART and also with initial low CD4 count, more and more patients will require SLA in the near future.
I. Bruce, Academic writing and genre: A systematic analysis : (London, Continuum. 2008. PP. 194)

This book provides a framework in which academic writing instruction can be conducted by the synergy created through the inclusion of social and cognitive genres. Drawing from his own research, Bruce outlines a model for academic writing instruction which merges social genres suggested by two genre based approaches, namely Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and English for Specific/Specifiable Purposes (ESP), with cognitive genres. With reference to the genre based approaches, the author adopts a definition of genre as “a social construct, existing in order to achieve some kind of conventionalized purpose within a particular cultural context or discourse community” (p. 34–35). Whereas cognitive genres “refer to the overall cognitive orientation of a piece of writing in terms of its realization of a particular rhetorical purpose, something that is reflected in the way in which information is internally organized and related” (p. 8). In Chapter 1, Bruce provides a framework for the relationship between academic writing and discourse competence and follows with an account of the development of the concept of discourse competence and the significance of genre-based approaches to the development of the concept. Although the author acknowledges that an agreed definition of genre does not exist among scholars, he draws on Pilegaard and Frandsen’s (1996) categorisation of text genre and text type to argue that genre definitions might be grouped as social and cognitive. Bruce further argues that an ideal approach for academic writing instruction should be both accomodationist and critical. Chapter 2 focuses on SFL and ESP as two approaches to genre based instruction using social genres in their framework. Genres from this perspective are defined in terms of stages/steps and purposes. The author maintains that neither SFL nor ESP approaches offer sufficient support for their claim that linguistic sources are genre specific. He offers as support, research by Biber (1988, 1989) and Paltridge (1993, 1997) on relations between genres and linguistic sources, arguing that no direct association exists between the two. The author lists three important elements of a genre based approach which would result in more effective genre based academic writing instruction when taken into consideration jointly: “the social motivation and socially constructed elements of genre, cognitive organisational structures, and the actual linguistic realisations of the discourse” (p. 36). BOOK REVIEWS
Inclusive education in schools in rural areas

Since Spain decided to embark on the development of inclusive schooling, studies have taken place to see if the inclusive principle is being developed satisfactorily. Inclusive schooling implies that all students, regardless of their particular characteristics, may be taught in ordinary schools, and in the majority of cases receive help in the classroom in which they have been integrated in order to cover any special educational needs. Our research aims to find out if schools situated in rural areas follow this principle and, once it has been put into practice, what strategies are being used. To this end, we designed a questionnaire addressed to Infant and Primary school teachers in the Sierra Sur area in the province of Jaen, in an agricultural context where most of the population live on olive picking and the cultivation of olive groves. Given the extension of the area, our research concentrated on schools situated in urban nuclei with a population of less than one thousand five hundred inhabitants. The results obtained demonstrate that rural areas do not take full advantage of the context they are in to favour inclusion processes and continue to develop proposals that are merely integrative.
Kinematic Model for Project Scheduling with Constrained Resources Under Uncertainties

Project management practitioners and researchers recognize that the project scheduling efforts are made based on information with many uncertainties and in an environment with constrained resources. This chapter presents the kinematic model named as Coupled Estimate Technique for project scheduling with constrained resources under uncertainties. The Coupled Estimate Technique provides tools of analytical analysis, given that the mod - elled duration depends on the planned duration and on the resource variability (aleatory uncertainty), as well as the modelled resource depends on the planned resource and on the duration variability (aleatory uncertainty), and also provides tools of graphical analysis, given that the durations and resources of activities, work packages or phases of the project are represented in the bidimensional graphics. In developing the mathematical formula tion of the Coupled Estimate Technique, the project precedence diagram was considered as a kinematic chain of robotic manipulators, which may be in chain configuration open (serial), closed (parallel) and/or hybrid. This chapter describes the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) under uncertainties, identifies the limitations and opportunities in the previous work on planning under uncertainties and presents the fun - damentals and method of the kinematic model for project scheduling with constrained resources under uncertainties along with a short example of implementation.
Experimental chondrules by melting samples of olivine, clays and carbon with a CO2 laser

Los condros son los constituyentes principales de las meteoritas condriticas. Sin embargo, su formacion sigue siendo un enigma para la ciencia de la meteoritica. En este trabajo se reportan los resultados de la fusion de minerales para obtener fundidos tipo condro. El grado de fusion del olivino es un factor importante para determinar el ancho de las barras de las muestras tipo condros barrados de olivino (BO). Por otra parte, la contribucion de arcillas y carbon (posibles componentes de los granos precursores) es un factor importante en los experimentos en los que los fundidos generados tienen textura porfidica
Repeated Selfish Routing with Incomplete Information

Selfish routing is frequently discussed. The general framework of a system of non-cooperative users can be used to model many different optimization problems such as network routing, traffic or transportation problems. It is well known that the Wardrop user equilibria (i.e. the user optima) generally do not optimize the overall system cost in a traffic routing problem. In order to induce the equilibrium flow to be as close to the optimal flow as possible, the term “toll” is introduced. With the addition of tolls, a traffic system does not show the actual cost to the users but the displayed cost of users, which is the summation of the actual cost and the toll. A common behavioral assumption in traffic network modeling is that every user chooses a path which is perceived as the shortest path, then the whole system achieves the equilibrium of the displayed cost. It is proved that there exists an optimal toll which can induce the equilibrium flow under displayed cost to be the optimal flow in reality. However, this conclusion holds only if the selfish routing executes only once. If the game is played repeatedly, the users will detect the difference between the actual and displayed costs. Then, they will not completely trust the information given by the system and calculate the cost. The purpose of this thesis is to find out the optimal strategy given by the system–how to set tolls in order to maintain the flow as close to the optimal flow as possible.
Molecular Phylogenetic Identification of Plant-pathogenic Fungi Isolated from Two Medicinal Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz Species

Plant-pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse group of organisms which exhibit great importance in agriculture and natural plant communities. In this study, we investigated the taxonomic identities and phylogenetic relationships of pathogenic fungi isolated from two medicinal Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz species, Swordlike A. macrocephala and Largehead A. macrocephala, using the morphological and molecular approaches. Morphological differences among the fungal isolates indicate that diverse distinct morphotypes might be present within the hosts. Forty fungal isolates were selected for further molecular phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spaces (ITS1 and ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence and the intervening 5.8s gene region. While assessing diversity of Fusarium lateritium isolate and Gibberella zeae species from medicinal A. macrocephala using molecular approaches, Based on an 18S rRNA PCR approach, 4 fungal clone types were detected in medicinal A.macrocephala, Our results suggest that F.lateritium isolate and G. zeae species are the dominant pathogenic fungi in the A.macrocephala hosts, and some of these pathogenic fungi exhibit host and tissue specificity at the phylogeny level, fungal clone type A11, B11, D11 belongs to G. zeae, while the other C11 clone type belongs to F. lateritium. This aspect can be further explored to understand the relationships between plant hosts and their fungal pathogenic. Moreover, we firstly found F. lateritium is the dominant pathogenic fungi in A. macrocephala.
Plasma experiments with relevance for nano-science

The mechanism that actually drives self-organization revealed by plasma experiments offers a new insight concerning fundamental knowledge potentially important for nanoscience. It reveals that at the genuine origin of the memory proper to complex space charge configuration emerged by self-organization in plasma is a mechanism based on extraction of matter and thermal energy from the surroundings. This takes place, similar to the mechanism used by living organism, by exploiting collective effects of quantum processes. The informational content of these experiments potentially elucidates one of the fundamental problems concerning the mechanism by which the so-called intelligent materials work.
Collocation Method Based on Bernoulli Polynomial and Shifted Chebychev for Solving the Bratu Equation

In this work, Bernoulli-collocation method is proposed for solving nonlinear Bratu's type equations. The operational matrix of derivative of Bernoulli is introduced. The matrix together with the collocation method are then utilized to reduce the problem into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. Also, a reliable approach for solving this nonlinear system is discussed. Numerical results and comparisons with other existing methods provided in the literature are made. Citation: EL-Gamel M, Adel W, EL-Azab MS (2018) Collocation Method Based on Bernoulli Polynomial and Shifted Chebychev for Solving the Bratu Equation. J Appl Computat Math 7: 407. doi: 10.4172/2168-9679.1000407
Shear-induced microstructure and rheology of cetylpyridinium chloride/sodium salicylate micellar solutions

In this article, we considered shear-induced microstructure and rheological behavior of micellar solutions of cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in the presence of a structure-forming additive, sodium salicylate (NaSal). Shear viscosity, shear moduli and flow birefringence were measured as functions of the surfactant and additive concentrations. In the presence of NaSal, the micellar solution exhibited the non-linear rheological behavior due to the formation of supramolecular structures when the molar ratio of NaSal to CPC exceeded a certain threshold value. Flow birefringence probed the change in micelle alignment under shear flow. At low shear rates, the flow birefringence increased as the shear rate increased. On the other hand, fluctuation of flow birefringence appeared from the shear rate near the onset of shear thickening, which was caused by shear-induced coagulation or aggregation. These results were confirmed by the SEM images of in situ gelified micelle structure through sol-gel route.
Multidimensional numerical simulation of fluid flow in fractured porous media

Isothermal flow of water in a variety of fractured systems is discussed in the context of a unified, integral framework. Three commonly used conceptualizations, namely, porous systems, fractured systems, and composite porosity systems, are analyzed. The integral equations are directly replaced by discretized expressions based on an integral finite difference scheme (IFDM). Because of the manner in which the IFDM scheme chooses to handle geometric inputs, it handles the three aforesaid conceptualizations with equal facility. Six illustrative examples are provided to give an idea of the variety of fracture-related problems that are of common interest, to identify the common denominators that unify these problems and to demonstrate the power of the IFDM.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Diagnostic Tool in Breast Cancer

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Diagnostic Tool in Breast Cancer The early detection and treatment of breast cancer is of direct benefit to patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising modality for detection, diagnosis, and staging of breast cancer. MRI enables two methods: the diffusion-weighted MRI (DW MRI) and the dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE MRI). DW MRI reflects the diffusion of water molecules in the extracellular fluid space and allows the estimation of cellularity and tissue structure. The value of the diffusion of water in tissue is called the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). ADC values in malignant lesions are smaller than in benign tissue. DCE MRI yields appropriate pharmacokinetic data of physiological parameters that relate to tissue perfusion, microvascular vessel wall permeability and extracellular volume fraction. Gadolinium based contrast agent is usually used in breast DCE MRI diagnostics. Changes in the post-contrast signal intensity help to distinguish lesions according to characteristically enhanced accumulation of contrast agent. Malignant lesions are characterized by a faster and stronger signal enhancement than benign lesions which relate to their neoangiogenesis. Over the last few years, there has been appreciable interest in the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for the non-invasive analysis of breast tisue metabolites. One of the spectroscopic hallmarks of the neoplastic process appears to be the presence of total choline signal in the in vivo spectrum. Despite the fact that MRI and MRS achieve excellent results, they are still not so frequently used in comparison to mammography and breast ultrasound.
GESCONDA: from Environmental Data Mining to Environmental Decision Support

GESCONDA is a tool for intelligent data analysis and implicit knowledge management of databases, with special focus on environmental databases. Differing from existing commercial systems, the more relevant aspects of this proposal are the incorporation of the statistical data filtering and pre-processing in the same software tool together with the intelligent data analysis techniques as well as the interaction of different data mining methods. Either statistical techniques or Artificial Intelligence techniques or even mixed techniques are combined and used to extract the knowledge contained within data.
Structure of OJ 287 from Geodetic VLBA Data

We have used the Radio Reference Frame Image Database (RRFID) data of the US Naval Observatory (USNO) at 8 GHz to study the structure of OJ 287. The data comprise Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations made during the epochs from 1994 July to 2002 January. The imaging of these data reveals that the position angle of the more collimated unresolved jet rotated clockwise ~30° in 8 yr. The best explanation for this result is given by a ballistic precessing model. The aperture angle of the precessing cone is 3°, the axis of the precessing cone forms an angle of 11° with the line of sight and has a projected position angle of -107° in the plane of sky. The outer structure (~1.5 mas) of the source is also consistent with a ballistic precessing jet if the velocity of the ballistic component decreases with distance.
Demand for improved food safety and quality: a cross-regional comparison

This paper explores the demand for improved safety and quality for meat products among consumers in two regions using a discrete choice experiment methodology. The study takes account of preferences from consumers across Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland. The features explored in the choice experiment include food safety, traceability, animal health and welfare, region of origin and price. The results suggest a large difference between willingness to pay and implicit ranking of attributes across regions. Meat products that come from ‘Ireland’ are most highly demanded among the features for Irish consumers, whereas consumers based in Great Britain value enhanced testing and animal health and welfare standards highest. Furthermore, a high correlation exists, in both regions, between respondents perception of the risk associated with consuming the meat products and the price premium they are willing to pay for the enhanced features
Making Tacit Knowledge Explicit: Designing An Export Trading Knowledge Portal

This paper investigates how tacit knowledge is made explicit in a predefined export trading knowledge domain. It also considers important aspects of portal design that support knowledge use, creation and renewal. This research looks at how a portal is designed to allow specified users to effectively use knowledge. A case study was conducted to examine the useful types of export trading knowledge involved in user interactions and portals features that support knowledge use. It was discovered that while a portal serves as a single-window entry-point to information resources, the use of communication tools to enable knowledge exchange amongst intended users and locating knowledge later is essential. Incorporating knowledge management practices is effective in a knowledge portal design as it can more effectively facilitate knowledge use, creation and renewal. ; ;