Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An experimental study of deep water plunging breakers

Plunging breaking waves are generated mechanically on the surface of essentially deep water in a two‐dimensional wave tank by superposition of progressive waves with slowly decreasing frequency. The time evolution of the transient wave and the flow properties are measured using several experimental techniques, including nonintrusive surface elevation measurement, particle image velocimetry, and particle tracking velocimetry. The wave generation technique is such that the wave steepness is approximately constant across the amplitude spectrum. Major results include the appearance of a discontinuity in slope at the intersection of the lower surface of the plunging jet and the forward face of the wave that generates parasitic capillary waves; transverse irregularities occur along the upper surface of the falling, plunging jet while the leeward side of the wave remains very smooth and two dimensional; the velocity field is shown to decay rapidly with depth, even in this strongly nonlinear regime, and is simila.
Sulphates in particles of different sizes in the marine boundary layer over the southern Baltic Sea

Concentrations of sulphate ions and particle size distributions were measured in the marine boundary layer using a ten-cascade Berner impactor at Hel between December 1997 and March 1998, and with a filter pack in Gdynia from February to May 2001. In the marine boundary layer over the Hel Peninsula the presence of natural sea-salt and non-sea-salt sulphate ions (nssSO42−) was confirmed in the aerosols. The nssSO4 were present in all size ranges only in December 1997 and in the first half of January 1998, making up an average of 83.7± 2.4% of the total sulphate content. In the other winter months, nssSO42− were recorded only in aerosols of diameters from 0.4 to 1.5 μm, and their average contribution dropped by over 20%. The extended growing season in the Southern Baltic resulted in the formation of fine particles that appeared in the marine boundary layer in early winter. At that time the proportion of nssSO42− in ultra-fine particles ranged from 75.7% to 100%. The concentration of nssSO42−, which varied from 0.8 to 2.3 nmol m−3 in particles < 0.4 μm in size probably constituted the natural background aerosol population in the relatively clean coastal environment of the Southern Baltic Sea. In the coastal urbanised area of Gdynia, the sulphate * This study was carried out within the framework of the Baltic Sea System Study, MAST III/INCO Programmes, supported by the European Commission DGXII, contracts MAS3-CT96-0058, IC20-CT96-0080. The complete text of the paper is available at http://www.iopan. gda.pl/oceanologia/ 202 L. Falkowska, A. Lewandowska concentration in aerosols was higher than at Hel (av. 75.3 nmol m−3) but the proportion of nssSO4 was low, of the order of 24%. Sea salt was then the dominant source of sulphate.
Critical Success Factors for Public Private Partnerships in the UAE Construction Industry- A Comparative Analysis between the UAE and the UK

Procurement instruments by Public Private Partnerships (PPP) have shown their amazing capacity in procuring public works from around the globe. Their success rate has been immense as they are known to bring efficiency, quality, innovation, experience, funds, and most importantly, the art of risk sharing to developed projects. This research aims to pinpoint the critical success factors (CSFs) that are needed to implement PPPs in transitional economies. We have taken UAE as a case study and will be comparing its results with that of the UK‟s; a developed country. Relevant data was collected through a questionnaire to establish the PPP critical success factors for the each of the two countries. In this questionnaire, data was collected from 30 participants residing in the UAE and 62 participants residing in the UK. A comparative analysis between the results of the UK and UAE showed a great deal of similarity between the two in PPP practice trends in the critical success factors. Both countries ranked the same nine factors as the most significant ones out of the eighteen critical success factors for implementing PPPs. These factors were commitment of public and private parties, appropriate risk allocation, committed and competent public agency, transparent procurement process, strong private consortium, competitive procurement process, political support, detailed cost/benefits assessment, and good governance. Whereas, the major differences were related to local financial market, macro-economic conditions, and favourable legal framework. The findings were validated through a small sample of practitioners using the Partnering Performance Index, and were found to be comprehensive, objective, reliable, practical, replicable, and adaptable.
hypoxia-induced prothrombotic phenotype Altered expression of platelet proteins and calpain activity mediate

http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/content/123/8/1250.full. html Updated information and services can be found at: (715 articles) Thrombosis and Hemostasis (458 articles) Platelets and Thrombopoiesis Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Blood collections http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#repub_requests Information about reproducing this article in parts or in its entirety may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#reprints Information about ordering reprints may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/subscriptions/index.xhtml Information about subscriptions and ASH membership may be found online at:
Biosynthesis Neurotransmitters Steroid hormones Vitamins Metabolism Dietary components Bile salts Drugs Xenobiotics

Until recently, human microbiology was based on the identification of single microbes, such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, frequently isolated from patients with acute or chronic infections. Novel cultureindependent molecular biochemical analyses (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) allow today to detect and classify the diverse microorganisms in a given ecosystem (microbiota), such as the gastrointestinal tract, the skin, the airway system, the urogenital tract and others, and to assess all genomes in these ecosystems (microbiome) as well as their gene products. These analyses revealed that each individual has its own microbiota that plays a role in health and disease. In addition, they greatly contributed to the recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of a wide range of human diseases. It is to be expected that these new insights will translate into diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures in the context of personalized/precision medicine. © 2017 Medical University of Bialystok. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Time-Frequency Research for Ultrasonic Guided Wave Generated from the Debonding Based on a Novel Time-Frequency Analysis Technique

Carbon fibre composites have a promising application in the future of the vehicle, because of their high strength and light weight. Debonding is a major defect of the carbon fibre composite. The time-frequency analysis is fundamental to identify the defect on ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation and testing. In order to obtain the instantaneous frequency and the peak time of modes of the ultrasonic guided wave, an algorithm based on the Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution and the peak-track algorithm is presented. In the algorithm, a masking step is proposed, which can guarantee that the peak-track algorithm can automatically exact the instantaneous frequency and the instantaneous amplitude of different modes on the Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution. An experiment for detecting the debonding for a type of carbon fibre composite is done. The presented algorithm is employed on the experimental signals. The processed result of experimental signals reveals that the defect can stimulate new modes, and there is a quantitative relationship between the defect size and the frequency of the new mode. The presented technique provides a valuable way to detect the presentence, calculate the size, and locate the position of the debonding defect.
A Microfluidic Assay for Identifying Differential Responses of Plant and Human Fungal Pathogens to Tobacco Phylloplanins

Mattupalli, C. , Spraker, J. E. , Berthier, E. , Charkowski, A. O. , Keller, N. P., and Shepherd, R. W. 2014. A microfluidic assay for identifying differential responses of plant and human fungal pathogens to tobacco phylloplanins. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/ PHP-RS-14-0009. Phylloplanins are defensive glycoproteins secreted onto leaf surfaces by trichome-bearing plants such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). They are of interest because of their antimicrobial properties, but like other natural product bioactives, the assessment and screening of phylloplanins biological activity is impeded by limited availabilities of active compounds. Here we report an inexpensive microfluidic approach that requires ≤ 20 microliters of tobacco phylloplanins to assess spore germination inhibition of plant and human fungal pathogens. Spores of Colletotrichum coccodes and Aspergillus fumigatus suspended in solutions containing tobacco phylloplanins did not germinate at 48 and 30 h post-treatment, respectively. Tobacco phylloplanins transiently inhibited spore germination of Fusarium sambucinum, but had no detectable activity against Alternaria solani or Verticillium albo-atrum at the concentrations tested, demonstrating differential sensitivity of fungi to tobacco phylloplanins.
Synergistic effect of N-terminal pyroglutamyl amyloid ß protein in Alzheimer's disease and in normal aging

Amyloid s protein (As) has been considered as the main pathogenetic basis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Substantial evidence indicates that the soluble As aggregates containing N-terminally truncated As starting with pyroglutamate at position 3 (AsPE3 ) and position 11(AsPE11) account for the major neuronal toxicity of AD. In addition to the heterogeneity in soluble As aggregate, the composition ratio of As variants in the brain from AD and in normal aging possess a significant role for the development of AD. For this reason, we postulate that As variants with different composition ratio may cause aggregation behavior entirely different. In this study, two mixtures, AD and NA, composed of three As variants (As1-40 , AsPE3 -40 , AsPE11 -40) with different composition ratio were investigated. Thioflavine T fluorimetric assay revealed that AD mixture with a high AsPE3 -40/AsPE11-40 composition ratio has highly increased s-sheet structure compared with the three individual As variants. By contrast, NA mixture with a low AsPE3 40/AsPE11-40 composition ratio leads to an unobvious increase. This suggests that AsPE3 -40 may have synergistic effect to regulate the aggregation propensities of the As mixtures. Surface plasmon resonance kinetics assay demonstrated that the aggregation rates of the three soluble As variants interacting both AD and NA mixtures have a consistent of order as follows, AsPE3-40 > As PE11 -40> As 1-40 . Both AsPE3-40 and AsPE11-40 have a higher aggregation rate than As1-40 to form aggregates. Therefore, the investigated N-terminal pyroglutamyl As variants and their composition ratio in mixtures may play an important role to regulate aggregation behaviors and to influence the development of AD. [Life Science Journal. 2009; 6(3): 80– 85] (ISSN: 1097 – 8135).
Towards quantitative measures of Information Security: A Cloud Computing case study

ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Cloud computing, cyber security metrics, mean failure cost, security requirements, security threats, threats classification . 1 INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of processing and storage technologies and the emergence of the Internet, computing resources have become cheaper, more powerful and more ubiquitously available than ever before. As a consequence, IT service providers are faced to challenges of expanding the structures and infrastructures with small expenditure and short a time in order to provide rising demands from their customers. To address these business challenges, cloud computing architecture was developed. In this technology, end users avail themselves of computing resources and services as a public utility, rather than a privately run small scale computing facility. In the same way that we use electricity as a public utility (rather than build our own generators), and that we use water as a public utility (rather than dig our own well), and that we use phone service as a public utility (rather than build and operate our own cell tower), we want to use computing services as a public utility. Such a service would be available to individuals and organizations, large and small, and would operate on the same pattern as other public utilities, namely: • Subscribers sign up for service from a service provider, on a contractual basis. • The service provider delivers services of data processing, data access and data storage to subscribers. • The service provider offers warranties on the quality of services delivered.
Exploring Dust around HD 142527 down to 0.″025 (4 au) Using SPHERE/ZIMPOL

We have observed the protoplanetary disk of the well-known young Herbig star HD 142527 using ZIMPOL polarimetric differential imaging with the very broad band (∼600–900 nm) filter. We obtained two data sets in 2015 May and 2016 March. Our data allow us to explore dust scattering around the star down to a radius of ∼0. ″025 (∼4 au). The well-known outer disk is clearly detected at higher resolution than before and shows previously unknown substructures, including spirals going inward into the cavity. Close to the star, dust scattering is detected at high signal-to-noise ratio, but it is unclear whether the signal represents the inner disk, which has been linked to the two prominent local minima in the scattering of the outer disk that are interpreted as shadows. An interpretation of an inclined inner disk combined with a dust halo is compatible with both our and previous observations, but other arrangements of the dust cannot be ruled out. Dust scattering is also present within the large gap between ∼30 and ∼140 au. The comparison of the two data sets suggests rapid evolution of the inner regions of the disk, potentially driven by the interaction with the close-in M-dwarf companion, around which no polarimetric signal is detected.
Engagement no trabalho em profissionais de programas de aprimoramento profissional em saúde/Work engagement in employees at professional improvement programs in health

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou os niveis de engagement no trabalho em profissionais de programas de aprimoramento e aperfeicoamento profissional em saude. Metodo: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 82 profissionais de saude dos programas de aprimoramento e aperfeicoamento de uma instituicao publica do interior paulista, utilizando-se a Utrech Work Engagement Scale (UWES), um questionario autoaplicavel composto de 17 itens de autoavaliacao em tres dimensoes: vigor, dedicacao e absorcao. Os escores foram calculados conforme modelo estatistico proposto no Manual Preliminar UWES. Resultados: Os niveis de engagement foram muito altos na dimensao vigor, altos na dimensao dedicacao e no escore geral e medio na dimensao absorcao para 71,61%, 58,03%, 53,75% e 51,22% dos profissionais, respectivamente. Os profissionais apresentaram relacao positiva com o trabalho, sao responsaveis, motivados e dedicados ao trabalho. Conclusao: O estudo reforca a importância de avaliar os aspectos positivos da relacao entre profissionais e ambiente laboral, contribuindo para fortalecer os programas de aprimoramento e aperfeicoamento profissionais.
Pressure-tuned insulator to metal transition in eu2ir2o7

We have studied the effect of pressure on the pyrochlore iridate Eu$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$, which at ambient pressure has a thermally driven insulator to metal transition at $T_{MI}\sim120$\,K. As a function of pressure the insulating gap closes, apparently continuously, near $P \sim 6$\,GPa. However, rather than $T_{MI}$ going to zero as expected, the insulating ground state crosses over to a metallic state with a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity, calling into question the true nature of both ground states. The high temperature state also crosses over near 6 GPa, from an incoherent to a conventional metal, suggesting a connection between the high and the low temperature states.
Assessment of potential biogas production from rice straw leachate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

This study evaluates the potential of Rice Straw Leachate (RSL) to generate biogas and investigate its biodegradability by determining the differences between the theoretical yield and the actual one at its increasing organic loading rate. Seven litre working volume of Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor is employed under mesophilic condition at temperature of 38 for approximately 17 consecutive weeks. The process performance was evaluated based on the efficiency of COD removal and Specific Methane Production (SMP) in relation to the other parameters such as pH, Organic Loading Rate (OLR), Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) and alkalinity ratio. The OLR were varied at 0.43, 0.55, 0.9 and 1.55g COD/L/d with average COD removal of 79%, 81.2%, 76.1%, and 75.8% respectively. The stability of anaerobic digestion of RSL in UASB was found maintained at an increasing OLR with indicator of pH, TAN and IA/PA ratio that always maintain in the range of 6.5-6.8, below 200mg/L and 0.3 respectively. Meanwhile, the optimum average SMP and COD removal efficiency were 0.18L CH4g-1CODrem and 81.2% respectively, at applied OLR of 0.55g COD/L/d. This study also revealed a relatively high deviation of SMP from its theoretical value, indicating its low degradability and the limitation of nutrient factors present in RSL.
Development of the Caco-2 Model for Assessment of Iron Absorption and Utilisation at Supplemental Levels

Caco-2 cells may be typically used as a first step to investigate the bioavailability of different dietary and fortificant forms of iron (Fe) at low levels (< 10 µM) in tissue culture medium (TCM). Whether this model is suitable with supplemental levels of Fe (ca. 200 µM in TCM) is not clear and neither, therefore, is the choice of reference iron compound under those conditions as a ‘positive control’. Here we show that with 200 μM iron in TCM (serum-free MEM), Fe(II) sulphate precipitates and while high levels of ascorbic acid can prevent this, it is to the detriment of the Caco-2 cell monolayer and/or it adversely affects the pH of the TCM. Adjusting the pH of TCM to account for this issue again leads to Fe precipitation, which is detectable as both a true precipitate (~ 50%) and a nano-precipitate in suspension (~20%). In contrast, Fe(III) maltol which, clinically, appears less toxic to the intestinal mucosa than Fe(II) sulphate, retains solubility at supplemental levels in cell culture medium, without adversely affecting pH or the Caco-2 cell monolayer. Moreover, the iron is also well utilized by the cells as assessed through ferritin formation. Thus Caco-2 cells may also provide a model for screening iron uptake and utilisation at supplemental levels through the cellular generation of ferritin although care must be taken in ensuring (i) appropriate TCM conditions (e.g. pH and chemical speciation of the iron) (ii) monolayer integrity (i.e. the assay response is not an artefact of toxicity) and (iii) that an appropriate reference material is used (e.g. Fe:maltol at 1:5 ratio).
Cholesterol Plays a Crucial Role in High-fat-diet Induced ER stress and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . III TABLE OF CONTENTS . V TABLE OF FIGURES . VIII ABBREVIATIONS . IX CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1. OVERALL AIM: . 1 2. NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE, A DISEASE RECENTLY LINKED TO METABOLIC SYNDROME . 2 2. 1. DYSLIPIDEMIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF NAFLD . 3 3. MODELS OF NAFLD. 6 3. 1. FREE CHOLESTEROL AS A TOXIC LIPID SPECIES . 6 3. 2. ROLE OF INFLAMMASOME IN DEVELOPMENT OF NAFLD . 8 4. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS ACTIVATES INFLAMMASOME . 10 5. LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR KNOCKOUT MICE A UNIQUE MODEL OF HFHSINDUCED METABOLIC SYNDROME AND NAFLD. 13 6. LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (LCAT) DEFICIENCYA RARE LIPID DISORDER AS A RICH SOURCE OF NOVEL INSIGHTS IN LIPID-CARDIOMETABOLIC LINKS . 14 6. 1. METABOLIC PROTECTION IN LCAT NULL MICE . 14 7. CHOLESTEROL METABOLISMA POSSIBLE LINK BETWEEN ER-STRESS AND NAFLD . 17 7. 1. ROLE OF CHOLESTEROL IN THE ER-MEMBRANE . 17 7. 1. AN OVERVIEW OF CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS . 20 7. 2. HIGH-FAT-DIET INCREASES SREBPS PROCESSING AND REGULATES CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS . 20 CHAPTER 2: HYPOTHESES . 24 1. GENERAL HYPOTHESES . 24 2. SPECIFIC AIMS . 25 2. 1. IN VIVO STUDIES . 25 2. 2. IN VITRO STUDIES . 25
Transcriptomics Data Integration Reveals Jak-STAT as a Common Pathway Affected by Pathogenic Intracellular Bacteria in Natural Reservoir Hosts

The study of the host-pathogen interface in natural reservoir hosts is essential to identify host-cell mechanisms affected by bacterial infection and persistence. Herein we used the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) to integrate transcriptomics data and find common host-cell biological processes, molecular functions and pathways affected by pathogenic intracellular bacteria of the genera Anaplasma, Brucella and Mycobacterium during infection and persistence in two natural reservoir hosts, wild boar and sheep. The results showed that the upregulation of host innate immune pro-inflammatory genes and signaling pathways constitutes a general antibacterial mechanism in response to intracellular bacteria. Pathway focused analysis revealed a role for the Jak-STAT pathway during bacterial intracellular infection, a fact reported before in Mycobacterium infected cells but not during Brucella spp. and A. phagocytophilum infection. A clear activation of the Jak-STAT pathway was observed in A. phagocytophilum infected wild boar and sheep when compared to uninfected controls. Brucella spp. infection resulted in a balanced regulation of the Jak-STAT signaling and M. bovis infection of wild boar clearly produced a downregulation of some of the Jak-STAT effectors such as IL5 and TKY2. These results suggested that mycobacteria and brucellae induce host innate immune responses while manipulating adaptive immunity to circumvent host-cell defenses and establish infection. In contrast, A. phagocytophilum infection induces both innate and adaptive immunity, those suggesting that this pathogen uses other mechanisms to circumvent host-cell defenses by downregulating other adaptive immune genes and delaying the apoptotic death of neutrophils through activation of the Jak-STAT pathway among other mechanisms.