Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Ponderosa Pine Vigor Using Four-Band Aerial Imagery in South Central Oregon: Crown Objects to Landscapes

Ponderosa pine is an integral part of the forested landscape in the western US; it is the dominant tree species on landscapes that provide critical ecosystem services. Moderate drought tolerance allows it to occupy the transition zone between forests, open woodlands, and grasslands. Increases in stand density resulting from wildfire suppression, combined with lengthening, intensifying, and more frequent droughts have resulted in reduced tree vigor and stand health in dry ponderosa pine throughout its range. To address a management need for efficient landscape-level surveys of forest health, we used Random Forests to develop an object-oriented classification of individual tree crowns (ITCs) into vigor classes using existing, agency-acquired four-band aerial imagery. Classes of tree vigor were based on quantitative physiological and morphological attributes established in a previous study. We applied our model across a landscape dominated by ponderosa pine with a variety of forest treatments to assess their impacts on tree vigor and stand health. We found that stands that were both thinned and burned had the lowest proportion of low-vigor ITCs, and that stands treated before the 2014–2016 drought had lower proportions of low-vigor ITCs than stands treated more recently (2016). Upland stands had significantly higher proportions of low-vigor trees than lowland stands. Maps identifying the low-vigor ITCs would assist managers in identifying priority stands for treatment and marking trees for harvest or retention. These maps can be created using already available imagery and GIS software.
Efficiency Analysis of SMA-Based Actuators: Possibilities of Configuration According to the Application

Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have recently demonstrated their potential for various applications in fields such as robotics, medicine, aerospace, and automotive. Its features, such as low weight and high force, simplicity, noiseless operation, and low cost compared with other conventional actuator, are only a few advantages of this actuator, which is receiving increasing interest among researchers. However, the use of these actuators is still limited by some of their characteristics: high position error in the cooling stage when the actuator works at frequencies that exceed the necessary cooling time and high electrical energy consumption. Different actuator configurations can help minimize these disadvantages through modifying the length, the number of cables, or the sheath used in the actuator, which modify the characteristics of the complete system. In this work, we developed different configurations of SMA actuators and tested their performance in terms of efficiency and the position error in the cooling stage. The findings demonstrate that over-dimensioned actuators are more energetically efficient and present a faster initial form recovery. The multi-wires actuator configuration produce a better response in terms of position but are less energy efficient. These conclusions allow for the selection of the most appropriate configuration based on the requirements of each particular application.
Shehu Transform of Hilfer-Prabhakar Fractional Derivatives and Applications on some Cauchy Type Problems

In this paper, we are interested on the Shehu transform of both Prabhakar and Hilfer Prabhakar fractional derivative and its regularized version. These results are presented in terms of Mittag-Le er type function and also utilized to obtain the solutions of some Cauchy type problems, such as Space-time Fractional Advection-Dispersion equation and Generalized fractional Free Electron Laser (FEL) equation, at which Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative of fractional order and its regularized version are involved.
Gastrointestinal Complications in Critically Ill Children: Experience from A Resource-Limited Country

Objectives: To determine the frequency and predictors of outcome of gastrointestinal complications (GIC) in critically ill children. Methods: This descriptive study was prospectively conducted in The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, from September 2015 to January 2017. After obtaining approval from the Ethical Review Committee of AKUH and informed consent from the parents, all children (aged one month to 18 years), of either gender, admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) during the study period were included. The frequency of the defined GIC: vomiting, high gastric residue volume (GRV), diarrhea, constipation, and gastrointestinal bleed were recorded daily for the first week of the PICU stay. The data was collected by the primary investigator on a predesigned data collection form with inclusion of variables and predictors in light of existing literature and local expertise. The questionnaire was shared with the Pediatric Critical Care Medicine faculty and a consensus was sought on the elements to be incorporated. Results: GIC developed within the first 48 hours of admission in 78 (41%) patients. Of the patients who developed GIC, 37 (47.4%) patients developed high GRV: 31 (39.7%) patients developed constipation, 18 (23.1%) patients developed vomiting, 14 (17.9%) patients developed abdominal distension. With regards to prevalence by occurrence, 32/78 (41%) of patients presented with two GI complications, followed by 21 patients (27%) who presented with a single GIC. Only 11 patients (14%) presented with more than three complications. Median length of stay was higher in patients with GIC (8 days) than with those who did not develop GIC (4 days). The frequency of gastrointestinal complications was significantly higher in children receiving mechanical ventilation, on sedatives and relaxants and those with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and inotropes Conclusion: GI complications are a frequent occurrence in the PICU and are associated with worse clinical outcomes. The use of sedative drugs and the presence of shock with MODS were amongst the important contributing factors.
Process Analytical Technology for Precipitation Process Integration into Biologics Manufacturing towards Autonomous Operation—mAb Case Study

The integration of real time release testing into an advanced process control (APC) concept in combination with digital twins accelerates the process towards autonomous operation. In order to implement this, on the one hand, measurement technology is required that is capable of measuring relevant process data online, and on the other hand, a suitable model must be available to calculate new process parameters from this data, which are then used for process control. Therefore, the feasibility of online measurement techniques including Raman-spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), diode array detector (DAD) and fluorescence is demonstrated within the framework of the process analytical technology (PAT) initiative. The best result is achieved by Raman, which reliably detected mAb concentration (R2 of 0.93) and purity (R2 of 0.85) in real time, followed by DAD. Furthermore, the combination of DAD and Raman has been investigated, which provides a promising extension due to the orthogonal measurement methods and higher process robustness. The combination led to a prediction for concentration with a R2 of 0.90 ± 3.9% and for purity of 0.72 ± 4.9%. These data are used to run simulation studies to show the feasibility of process control with a suitable digital twin within the APC concept.
Production of synbiotic ice cream using
 Lactobacillus casei
 /
 Lactobacillus plantarum
 and fructooligosaccharides

The demand for healthpromoting food products has been increasingly raised in recent years. Probiotic foods are the food products having sufficient population of viable probiotic microorganisms which promote beneficiary effects for the human body (Cruz et al., 2009). During the production of probiotic foods, the viability of probiotic microorganisms needs to be retained and the final product should contain at least Received: 16 July 2020 | Revised: 13 January 2021 | Accepted: 2 March 2021 DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15423
Changes in Family Roles and Subjective Well-Being among Japanese Adults

Research in Western countries has demonstrated that marriage is associated with improved well-being, and parenthood with decreased well-being, for both men and women. However, less is known about whether the associations are universal for both genders across countries. Using nine waves of panel data and fixed effects models, this study examines the relationship between changes in family roles and subjective well-being of men and women in the highly gendered social context of Japan. Well-being was assessed across two domains: self-rated health and mental health. The results broadly support the protective effect theory, which posits that marriage itself has a positive effect on well-being; however, no association was observed between becoming a wife and self-rated health. Contrary to what previous research predicts, only men’s self-rated health negatively responds to transition to parenthood. These findings highlight the importance of country context and gender differences in the significance of family obligations.
Role of Resveratrol in Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications Related to COVID-19 Disease: Mode of Action and Approaches Explored to Increase Its Bioavailability

Resveratrol is a phytoalexin produced by many plants as a defense mechanism against stress-inducing conditions. The richest dietary sources of resveratrol are berries and grapes, their juices and wines. Good bioavailability of resveratrol is not reflected in its high biological activity in vivo because of resveratrol isomerization and its poor solubility in aqueous solutions. Proteins, cyclodextrins and nanomaterials have been explored as innovative delivery vehicles for resveratrol to overcome this limitation. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated beneficial effects of resveratrol in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Main beneficial effects of resveratrol intake are cardioprotective, anti-hypertensive, vasodilatory, anti-diabetic, and improvement of lipid status. As resveratrol can alleviate the numerous factors associated with CVD, it has potential as a functional supplement to reduce COVID-19 illness severity in patients displaying poor prognosis due to cardio-vascular complications. Resveratrol was shown to mitigate the major pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 including regulation of the renin-angiotensin system and expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, stimulation of immune system and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Therefore, several studies already have anticipated potential implementation of resveratrol in COVID-19 treatment. Regular intake of a resveratrol rich diet, or resveratrol-based complementary medicaments, may contribute to a healthier cardio-vascular system, prevention and control of CVD, including COVID-19 disease related complications of CVD.
SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE AGRIBUSINESS INDUSTRY IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF AMIRAN (K) LIMITED

ABSTRACT Globally, firms in the agribusiness supply chain have found it increasingly difficult to satisfy customers due to their ever changing demands. Firms must be quick in responding to market demands since customer requirements and market conditions keep on changing. The study examined the effect of inventory management and assessed the effect of collaborative relationships on organizational performance in Amiran (K) Limited. Descriptive research design was used and a census was done involving all the workers in the five departments of Amiran (K) Limited. Both quantitative and qualitative data was gathered and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative procedures. The study found that the organization has adopted inventory management techniques to improve efficiency and the overall performance. The study established that the organization is keen on collaborative relationships with suppliers and is open to sharing information with partners. The findings revealed that inventory management plays a significant role in enabling the organization to enjoy competitiveness and achieve operations efficiency. The study found that collaborative relationships helps the suppliers improve products quality and there is willingness of collaboration in strategic decision making. The study concluded that inventory management has enabled the organization to put in place proper material handling processes and there is a significant influence of collaborative relationships and organization performance. The study recommends that Agribusiness firms should come up with policy frameworks to facilitate the inventory management techniques implementation. Managers should also give special attention to information sharing through collaborative relationships in order to improve organizational performance. Keywords: Agribusiness, Market Demands, Organizational Performance, Supply Chain.
Current Research Priorities in Healthcare Simulation

Introduction In 2011 and 2017, the Society for Simulation in Healthcare Research Committee convened summits to develop a forward-thinking agenda for simulation research. After the second summit, the Society for Simulation in Healthcare Research Committee sought expert opinion on the most important research questions in healthcare simulation. This study used systematic methodology to develop a prioritized research agenda for healthcare simulation. Methods A modified Delphi approach was conducted in 3 survey rounds. During round 1, individuals with expertise in healthcare simulation research were recruited to submit important research questions. Submitted questions were reviewed and duplicates were removed. Remaining questions were synthesized into a concise, high-level list for further rating. During round 2, these reformulated questions were distributed to the same experts who ranked their importance on a 5-point Likert scale. Average question importance ratings were calculated and shared during round 3, and a final vote was taken to identify the highest priority items. Results Seventeen experts submitted 74 questions, which were reduced to 21 reformulated items. Variability in expert responses decreased significantly across survey rounds, indicating that consensus had been achieved. The top 3 research question identified by the experts were related to (1) the impact of system level simulation interventions on system efficiency, patient safety, and patient outcomes; (2) the return on investment of simulation for healthcare systems, and (3) whether a dose-response relationship exists between simulation training and performance/patient outcomes. Conclusions The agenda developed in this study may help guide and focus researcher efforts and funding agency decisions, ultimately helping advance the field.
TELETRABALHO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA: ESTUDO DE CASO DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO EM UM ESTADO DO NORTE DO BRASIL

RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo visou analisar a contribuição do teletrabalho para a qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) de servidores do Poder Judiciário do Estado do Amapá. O delineamento metodológico consistiu em uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa e abordagem exploratória e descritiva. Utilizaram-se questionários com escalas do tipo Likert, estruturado com base no modelo teórico de Walton (1973), aplicado para 47 servidores em regime de teletrabalho no Tribunal de Justiça do Amapá (TJAP), cuja amostra representou 74% do público-alvo. Os resultados apontaram média de 4,107 no Nível de Satisfação Geral, demonstrando que 88,5% dos servidores do TJAP estão satisfeitos ou muito satisfeitos com a participação no regime de teletrabalho. Contudo, o baixo Coeficiente de Variação Tolerável (30%) evidencia que variáveis relacionadas às Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicações (TIC’s) são desafios a serem superados quanto a esse modelo de trabalho, considerando as peculiaridades envoltas no contexto amapaense.Palavras-chave: Teletrabalho. Qualidade de vida no trabalho. Judiciário. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of telework to the quality of life at work (QWL) of servers of the Judiciary of the State of Amapá. The methodological design consisted of a quantitative research and exploratory and descriptive approach. Likert scale questionnaires were used, structured based on Walton's (1973) theoretical model, applied to 47 teleworkers at the Amapá Court (TJAP), whose sample represented 74% of the target audience. The results indicated an average of 4.107 in the General Satisfaction Level, showing that 88.5% of TJAP's employees are satisfied or very satisfied with their participation in the teleworking regime. However, the low tolerable coefficient of variation (30%) shows that variables related to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are challenges to be overcome regarding this work model, considering the surrounding peculiarities of the Amapá context.Keywords: Telecommuting. Quality of life at work. Judiciary.
Policymaker perceptions of citizen needs: heuristics, accuracy, and partisan differences

Do policymaker perceptions reflect actual citizen needs? A vast literature has explored the extent to which policy is responsive to public opinion, but there is little systematic work on policymaker perceptions of social problems. We quantify social problems with a unique dataset of the number of phone calls placed by citizens to a free service that connects Michigan residents to service providers. We combine these data with a survey of local policymakers’ perceptions of social problems facing their own city shows, consistent with theories of bounded rationality, that policymakers use heuristics to make judgments about the extent of constituent needs in their city, and that policymaker perceptions reflect the prevalence of needs. However, partisan perceptions of needs diverge, with Democrats consistently perceiving greater needs than Republicans. There is no evidence that policy activity on the needs in the sample is responsive to constituent needs. We conclude with implications for theories of policy making and avenues for future research.
Therapeutic Delivery of Pip4k2c‐Modified mRNA Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in the Failing Heart

Heart failure (HF) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the risk factors for HF is cardiac hypertrophy (CH), which is frequently accompanied by cardiac fibrosis (CF). CH and CF are controlled by master regulators mTORC1 and TGF‐β, respectively. Type‐2‐phosphatidylinositol‐5‐phosphate‐4‐kinase‐gamma (Pip4k2c) is a known mTORC1 regulator. It is shown that Pip4k2c is significantly downregulated in the hearts of CH and HF patients as compared to non‐injured hearts. The role of Pip4k2c in the heart during development and disease is unknown. It is shown that deleting Pip4k2c does not affect normal embryonic cardiac development; however, three weeks after TAC, adult Pip4k2c−/− mice has higher rates of CH, CF, and sudden death than wild‐type mice. In a gain‐of‐function study using a TAC mouse model, Pip4k2c is transiently upregulated using a modified mRNA (modRNA) gene delivery platform, which significantly improve heart function, reverse CH and CF, and lead to increased survival. Mechanistically, it is shown that Pip4k2c inhibits TGFβ1 via its N‐terminal motif, Pip5k1α, phospho‐AKT 1/2/3, and phospho‐Smad3. In sum, loss‐and‐gain‐of‐function studies in a TAC mouse model are used to identify Pip4k2c as a potential therapeutic target for CF, CH, and HF, for which modRNA is a highly translatable gene therapy approach.
“I Want to Speak to a White Person”: Daily Microaggressions and Resilient Leadership

This case study blends the accounts of 10 Black women who engaged in a research study on their experiences of microaggressions when serving as school leaders, to tell the story of one Black female principal in a mostly White suburban district. We describe the ways the environment enabled and perpetuated gendered racist incidents at multiple levels and detail some of the microaggressions affecting her career path, leadership, and community interactions, as well as the ways she overcomes these obstacles and persists. We contextualize this narrative in the literature around gender, race, and school leadership, in studies of gendered racism, and finally in White allyship scholarship. We conclude by posing questions around whose responsibility it is to address these issues, and the structural changes necessary to do so.
Worldwide Prevalence of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) and its associated factors: A systematic review and meta- analysis

Background: HIV associated neurocognitive disorders are common in people living with HIV/AIDS and affects adherence of patients to prescription, activities of daily living and quality of life of patients. However, there is a lack of summative evidence in the area. The present meta-analysis was therefore employed to address this gap. Methods: we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines during our electronic search in Psych-Info, EMBASE, Scopus and PubMed. The retrieved articles were stored with endnote reference manager and data was extracted using Meta-XL version 5.3. The quality of studies were evaluated with modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). A random-effect model and STATA-16 were used to compute the average estimate of HAND. Heterogeneity was weighed with I2 statistics. A sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were employed. The existence /nonexistence of a publication bias were checked with the eye ball test and eggers test of publication bias.Results: The average prevalence of HAND was 50.41% (95% CI: 45.56, 55.26). The average estimate of HAND in Europe was found to be 50.015% whereas in Africa, Asia and United States of America (USA) it was 49.566%, 52.032 %, 50.407% respectively. The prevalence of HAND in studies which used HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) was 36.883% & 59.956% at a cutoff points of IHDS< 9.5 & IHDS <10 respectively. In addition the estimated average of HAND with the global dementia scale (GDS) was 40.766%. The prevalence of HAND in cross-sectional, cohort and case control studies was 49.52%, 54.087% and 44.45% in that order. Sociodemographic variables such as low level of education and older age, clinical and HIV related variables such as advanced stage of the illness and CD4 count of 500 cells/dl or less and psychological variables such as comorbidity of depression increases the risk of HAND.Conclusion: The average prevalence of HAND was high (more than half of participants) and factors such as low level of education, older age, advanced stage of the illness and comorbidity of depression increases the risk of HAND. Public health interventions to HIV patients should target these essential problems.
Is the regional divide in Ukraine an identity divide?

ABSTRACT A large body of research has identified regional divisions as an important factor in understanding variation in political attitudes and behaviors in Ukraine. This article focuses on the extent to which regional divisions in Ukraine represent a key identity divide. Drawing on unique data from a national survey of residents of Ukraine, quantitative and qualitative evidence indicates that many respondents see their region as an important part of their identity and that the reasons why they do fall into identifiable categories. At the same time, the findings point to challenges in conceptualizing the region in Ukraine as an identity type. These include its contested nature, reflected in a deep divide between those who consider “region” to mean their oblast and those who see it as representing a larger area of Ukraine. These results shed new light on Ukraine’s regional divisions and may help explain why the country’s notable “regional effect” has not translated into identity-based mobilization along regional lines.