Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Western Canadian freshwater availability: current and future vulnerabilities

The western cordillera supplies freshwater across much of western Canada mainly through meltwater from snow and ice. This “alpine water tower” has been, and is projected to be, associated with changes in the seasonality and amount of freshwater availability, which are critical in supporting the societal and environmental flow needs of the region. This study incorporates existing information to synthesize and evaluate current and future freshwater supplies and demands across major north-, west-, and east-flowing sub-basins of the Canadian western cordillera. The assessment of supply indicators reveals several historical changes that are projected to continue, and be exacerbated, particularly by the end of this century and under a high emission scenario. The greatest and most widespread impact is the seasonality of streamflow characterized by earlier spring freshets, increased winter, and decreased summer flow. Future winter and spring warming over all basins will result in decreases in end of season snow and glacier mass balance with greatest declines in more southern regions. In many areas, there will be a greater likelihood of summer freshwater shortages. All sub-basins have environmental and economic freshwater demands and pressures, especially in more southern watersheds where population and infrastructure are more prevalent and industrial, agricultural, and water energy needs are higher. Concerns regarding the continued ability to maintain suitable aquatic habitats and adequate water quality are issues across all regions. These water supply changes along with continued and increasing demands will combine to create a variety of freshwater vulnerabilities across all regions of western Canada. Southern basins including the South Saskatchewan and Okanagan are likely to experience the greatest vulnerabilities due to future summer freshwater supply shortages and increasing economic demands. In more northern areas, vulnerabilities primarily relate to how the rapidly changing landscape (mainly associated with permafrost thaw) impacts freshwater quantity and quality. These vulnerabilities will require various adaptation measures in response to alterations in the timing and amount of future freshwater supplies and demands.
Effect of Weed Management Interventions on Soil Microbial Count in Wheat and Direct Seeded Basmati Rice in Irrigated plains of Shivalik Foothills of Jammu

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food of nearly 2.5 billion human population across the globe (Ramdas et al., 2019) and about one third of the world's population rely on wheat crop for its protein and energy requirements (Khan, 2003). World production of wheat during 2017-18 touched to 763.1 million tonnes from an acreage of 220 million hectare with productivity of 3.47 t/ha (USDA, 2019). India stands first in area under wheat (30.60 million hectare) covering 14% of the global wheat area while in production India ranks second with 99.7 million tonnes which constitutes nearly 13.4 % of the world's wheat production having productivity of 3.40 t/ha (Ramdas et al., 2019). In the UT of Jammu and Kashmir also wheat is considered as the second most significant crop followed by International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
MÜŞTERİ VATANDAŞLIĞI DAVRANIŞLARININ MÜŞTERİ İLGİSİ VE ALGILANAN MÜŞTERİ DEĞERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: İNTERNET SERVİS SAĞLAYICI FİRMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Bu calismada musteri vatandasligi davranisi boyutlarinin musteri ilgisi ve algilanan musteri degeri uzerindeki etkileri arastirilmistir. Ayni zamanda musteri ilgisinin, musteri vatandasligi davranisi boyutlariyla algilanan musteri degeri arasindaki iliskide aracilik roluyle ilgili tespitler yapilmistir. Bu amacla Turkiye’de, internet servis saglayici hizmeti sunan firmalarindan hizmet satin alan tuketiciler uzerine arastirma yapilmistir. Arastirma kapsaminda 1-30 Mayis 2020 tarihleri arasinda, internetten 400 denege kolayda ornekleme yontemi ile ulasilmistir. Arastirma modelinin analiz edilmesinde kismi en kucuk kareler yol analizi (PLS-SEM) kullanilmistir. Veriler SmartPLS 3.2. 9 istatistik programi kullanilarak analiz edilmistir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore, yardim etme ve tarafini tutma boyutlarinin algilanan musteri degeri; yardim etme, tolerans ve tarafini tutma boyutlarinin da musteri ilgisi uzerinde pozitif etkileri vardir. Ayni zamanda, musteri ilgisinin algilanan musteri degeri uzerinde pozitif etkileri tespit edilmistir. Bununla birlikte musteri ilgisinin; yardim etme, tolerans ve tarafini tutma boyutlariyla algilanan musteri degeri arasindaki iliskide aracilik rolune sahip oldugu anlasilmistir.
Record of Charcoal from Early Maastrichtian Intertrappean Lake Sediments of Bagh Valley of Madhya Pradesh:Palaeofire Proxy

Presence of charcoal in intertrappean lake sediments associated with the Malwa Group of the Deccan trap, India is recorded. The finding provides the first evidence of palaeofire in the Indian late Cretaceous. Though previous studies have shown the presence of carbonaceous clays and coal bands in the Deccan volcanic associated sediments, the presence of fossil charcoal in the sediments is rarely reported. The fossil charcoal was identified based on optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (Py-GC-MS). This study indicates that charcoal is derived from burning of plants caused by forest fire during the Maastrichtian (Chron 30N).
Praise affects the “Praiser”: Effects of ability-focused vs. effort-focused praise on motivation

Abstract Considerable research has shown that receiving effort-focused praise affects motivation positively, while ability-focused praise affects motivation negatively. However, these studies have investigated only the effects on the one receiving praise (the praisee). Therefore, we examined the effects of praise on the one offering praise (the praiser), focusing on the student-to-student context. With consideration to previous studies addressing effects of communication on the communicator, we predicted that praise would have the same effects on the praiser as on the praisee. Study 1, a correlational study in a realistic hypothetical scenario situation, revealed that frequency of offering ability-focused praise was negatively related to endorsement of the growth mindset. Study 2, a scenario-based experiment, revealed that participants who had offered ability-focused praise reported less task enjoyment than participants who had offered objective feedback, although there was no significant difference in growth mindset. Study 3, an interpersonal experiment in a laboratory, replicated the negative relational pattern between ability-focused praise and the praiser’s task enjoyment while also revealing the same pattern in the praiser’s positive outcome emotions: pride and hope. These findings on the negative effect of ability-focused praise on the praiser have critical implications for education, wherein praise is often used.
Geoarchaeology and the search for the first North Americans

The Earth sciences have played a key role in understanding the origins and subsequent development of the first American cultures (“Paleoindians”), a broad and often contentious topic in archaeology. Geoarchaeological approaches used to understand the peopling of North America are equally broad at a range of spatial scales. At subcontinental scales, geoarchaeological research revolves around lowered seas levels and fluctuating glacier margins. Modeling sea‐level changes and the high‐precision dating of ice retreat over Canada is helping to understand the environmental conditions, route(s), and timing of the earliest human entry into and colonization of North America. Stratigraphy, a fundamental principle in both archaeology and geology, first established the antiquity and chronology of the earliest artifact assemblages by demonstrating clear association of artifacts and Pleistocene fauna. Many Paleoindian sites also yielded stratigraphic records with evidence of markedly different depositional environments in the past. The ancient fauna and the striking contrasts between past and present depositional environments has long attracted the attention of archaeologists and Earth scientists alike because of the paleoenvironmental implications. Reconstructing the evolution of paleo‐lakes and paleo‐wetlands is aiding in the understanding of ancient landscapes and their evolution. These landscape‐scale studies and micromorphology also provide insights into Paleoindian subsistence.
Geometric Case Based Reasoning for Stock Market Prediction

Case based reasoning is a knowledge discovery technique that uses similar past problems to solve current new problems. It has been applied to many tasks, including the prediction of temporal variables as well as learning techniques such as neural networks, genetic algorithms, decision trees, etc. This paper presents a geometric criterion for selecting similar cases that serve as an exemplar for the target. The proposed technique, called geometric Case Based Reasoning, uses a shape distance method that uses the number of sign changes of features for the target case, especially when extracting nearest neighbors. Thus, this method overcomes the limitation of conventional case-based reasoning in that it uses Euclidean distance and does not consider how nearest neighbors are similar to the target case in terms of changes between previous and current features in a time series. These concepts are investigated against the backdrop of a practical application involving the prediction of a stock market index. The results show that the proposed technique is significantly better than the random walk model at p < 0.01. However, it was not significantly better than the conventional CBR model in the hit rate measure and did not surpass the conventional CBR in the mean absolute percentage error.
Entwicklung eines soziotechnischen Digitalisierungs-KPI-Modells für Luft-fahrtunterneh-men

Die globale Luftfahrtindustrie war in den vergangenen Jahren, insbesondere durch die steigende Nachfrage auf den asiatischen Märkten, durch ein starkes Marktwachstum gekennzeichnet (Stalnaker, Usman & Tylor, 2017, S. 57). Auch die deutsche Luftfahrtindustrie profitierte von diesem Wachstum: Über die letzten Jahre erzielte die Branche jährliche Wachstumsraten von über fünf Prozent (Initiative Supply Chain Excellence, 2017, S. 10). Gleichzeitig zwingt der globale Wettbewerbsdruck die Luftfahrtunternehmen, neue technologische Innovationen in ihre Produktionsprozesse zu implementieren (Esposito, Lazoi, Margarito & Quarta, 2019, S. 2). Dem gegenüber steht ein hoher Kostendruck, der insbesondere durch die wachsenden Schwellenländer getrieben wird (Santo et al., 2019, S. 4). Zusätzlich hat die Corona-Pandemie im ersten Halbjahr 2020 dazu geführt, dass die wirtschaftliche Lage der nahezu gesamten Zuliefererbetriebe geschwächt wurde. 63 % der Betriebe rechnen mit weitreichenden, 26 % sogar mit existenzbedrohenden Folgen (Santo & Wenzel, 2020, S. 7–8). Von einer Normalisierung des Produktionsniveaus wird erst ab 2023 ausgegangen, wodurch sich Herausforderungen vor allem in einem steigenden Preiskampf aufgrund von Überkapazitäten ergeben (Santo & Wenzel, 2020, S. 23).
Evaluation of mitochondrial genomics in Salmo trutta caspius

Abstract Salmo trutta caspius population is an important species for aquaculture and livestock industry. Moreover, these species are used for studies on molecular markers. Mitochondrial genomic is also beneficial for phylogenetic studies in salmonid species. They are applied for maternal traits whereas paternal traits are related to nuclear genomics. Mtgenomics will be genetically highly divergent indicating that they may represent distinct and potentially locally adapted gene pools. Evolutionary history of the salmo taxa such as brown trout, salmo salar, and s. trutta populations has been studied. In the present study, 50 samples of the Iranian S.t. caspius population were collected from three regions [Tonekabon (Cheshmekileh Roud), Ramsar (Safa Roud), and Talesh (Nav roud)]. The PCR product was carried out for machinery sequencing. Mtgenomic in S.t. caspius was deposited in GenBank under accession no. LC011387.1. Evolutionary analyses were conducted using MEGA7 software. The analysis involved 50 nucleotide sequences. A close relationship was observed between the samples.
Approach to insect wing shape and deformation field measurement

Summary Statement A fine shape and deformation field measurement of insect wing is achieved by a self-developed setup. This measurement could foster investigation of insect wing stiffness distribution. Abstract For measuring the shape and deformation of insect wing, a scanning setup adopting line laser and coaxial LED light is developed. Wing shape can be directly acquired from the line laser images by triangulation. Yet the wing deformation field can also be obtained by a self-devised algorithm that processes the images from line laser and coaxial LED simultaneously. During the experiment, three wing samples from termite and mosquito under concentrated force are scanned. The venation and corrugation could be significantly identified from shape measurement result. The deformation field is sufficiently accurate to demonstrate its variation from wing base to tip. The load conditions in experiments are also be discussed. For softer wings, local deformation is apparent if pinhead is employed to impose force. The similarity analysis is better than 5% deformation ratio as a static criterion, if the wing is simplified as a cantilever beam. The setup is proved to be effective and versatile. The shape and deformation fields would give enough details for the measurement of wing stiffness distribution.
Assessment of cadmium and lead in the water and trout fish (Salmo trutta) of Zayandehroud River, a case study of Zarinshahr rice farms, Isfahan

This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of two heavy metals, lead and cadmium, in the water of Zayandehroud River which is surrounded by Zarinshahr rice farms. Water was sampled from a depth of 30 cm during June, July and August 2015, i.e. during the process of planting, growing and after harvesting, in three stations. Water was collected from three points; 20m before the farms, beside the farms and 100m after the farms. Three water samples and one trout fish (Salmo trutta) sample were collected each month and the concentrations of lead and cadmium were measured in the kidney, liver and gills of trout fish. The results showed that the amounts of lead and cadmiumin in the water were less and more than standard levels for these metals, respectively. The average concentrations of cadmium in the water were 15.81, 11.25, 8.92 g/L during June, July and August, respectively. It is evident that the amount of cadmium in water was significantly higher in June during the planting phase and use of fertilizers and pesticides was more than the other months (p0.01). There was a correlation in cadmium and lead concentrations between water and fish organs (kidney, liver and gill).
Loss of Sbds in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Murine Model Leads to Reduction of 80S Ribosomes and Altered Transcript Binding

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by growth retardation, exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, skeletal dysplasia, cognitive impairment and bone marrow failure. SDS is caused by mutations in SBDS (ShwachmanBodian-Diamond syndrome). A recent model proposes that SBDS/Sbds functions together with EFL1/Efl1 to release EIF6/Eif6 from the pre-60S complex, enabling ribosomal subunit joining for translation initiation. To assess the protein synthesis deficiency that has been detected in SDS, I examined ribosomal profiles of murine fetal organs with the SDS-associated missense mutation, R126T (Sbds). The SDS organ extracts revealed reduced 80S monosomes and preserved polysomes, with no ribosomal subunit imbalance compared to matched controls. Further, Eif6 was found to bind to both the 60S and 80S ribosome complexes in mutants in contrast to only 60S complexes in controls. To investigate these changes and to learn how the SDS translatome is affected, total and polysomal mRNAs of mutant and control samples were studied using cDNA microarray analyses. By comparing individual polysomal transcripts
Effects of Oxygen Availability on Hematological Parameters, Immune Status, Gill Histomorphology And Gene Expression of Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis): The Role of Acute Hyperoxia.

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Understanding continuance intention to play online games: roles of self-expressiveness, self-congruity, self-efficacy, and perceived risk

ABSTRACT The current study investigates the motivation to explore the expansive possibilities online games provide for identity development, in addition to the widely studied gaming consumption value motivations. This study develops an integrated framework from the perspective of the identity, self-congruity, self-efficacy, and consumption value theories for a holistic appreciation of online gaming motivations. Data were collected from active online gamers and structural equation modelling was employed to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest that self-expressiveness positively influences continued intentions to play games and, in turn, is impacted by self-congruity. Self-efficacy is also found to impact users’ continuance intention for online games. Further, the results re-affirm the importance of hedonic (perceived enjoyment) and utilitarian (perceived usefulness) consumption values on gamers’ continuance intentions in an online gaming context. Through multi-group analysis, this study also highlights the influence of perceived risk in shaping the continuance intentions. Findings suggest that the impact of perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, self-expressiveness, and self-congruity on continuance intention is enhanced in the presence of high risk; the reverse holds true for self-efficacy. The key practical implications of the findings are discussed.
The Effect of Characteristics of Wearing an Assistive Listening Device on Literacy for School-age Hearing-impaired Children

This study examined whether literacy in hearing impaired children differs depending on their characteristics related to the use of assistive listening devices. To this end, we selected the groups with matching chronological age, raven scores, and language age. A total of 20 children wearing hearing aids and 20 further children with cochlear implants participated in the study. The participants were first or second-graders in elementary schools and attended language therapy rooms. As study tools, the Korea-standard progressive matrices, the receptive & expressive vocabulary test, the Korea test of literacy diagnosis in Korean, and the diagnostic test of basic learning were used. The results were as follows. First, children with cochlear implants performed better than those wearing hearing aids on the word recognition and fluency tasks. In addition, the longer was the wearing period of hearing aids, the better was the performance of literacy. However, no significant differences were observed between two groups according to their wearing time. Second, there were correlations between the characteristics of the assistive listening devices of hearing-impaired children and their literacy, kinds of hearing aids, discovery time of hearing loss, and wearing periods. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that early detection of hearing impairment and early use of assistive listening devices according to the characteristics of hearing loss is necessary to improve the literacy of hearing-impaired children.
"Where is your other half?": A Wedding shaped by the Profile, Politics and Potential of the Indo-China Border

: We, two design researchers, citizens from India and China, had planned our wedding as a performative design act on the Indo China border. As we neared our performance site from either side, a border dispute broke out and there was a military stand-off between our armies keeping us separated by over a hundred kilometres. From this field-based project
Chromosome Cohesion Decreases in Human Eggs with Advanced Maternal Age.

Summary Aneuploidy in human eggs increases with maternal age and can result in infertility, miscarriages, and birth defects. The molecular mechanisms leading to aneuploidy, however, are largely unknown especially in the human where eggs are exceedingly rare and precious. We obtained human eggs from subjects ranging from 16.4 to 49.7 years old following in vitro maturation of oocyte-cumulus complexes isolated directly from surgically removed ovarian tissue. A subset of these eggs was used to investigate how age-associated aneuploidy occurs in the human. The inter-kinetochore distance between sister chromatids increased significantly with maternal age, indicating weakened cohesion. Moreover, we observed unpaired sister chromatids from females of advanced age. We conclude that loss of cohesion with increas
New Weapon Against Wild Oats

The authors discuss the development of a new treatment to control the crop pest, wild oats whose seed dormancy rated could be up to 18 years. An initial trial was conducted using dormant primary seed from hand harvested material grown during the 1956 season. The tentative conclusion which may be drawn from these trials is that gibberellic acid appears to show promise in breaking the dormancy of wild oat seeds