Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SITE CHARACTERIZATION OF A VOLCANIC CRATER IN TERCEIRA ISLAND-AZORES

The Azores archipelago is located at the North America, Eurasia and Africa triple junction showing high seismicity and volcanism typical of an active plate boundary. Terceira Island has been affected by several damaging earthquakes and the 1980 January 1st earthquake (M= 7,2) was the strongest in Azores during the last century. The São Sebastião volcanic crater, located at the SE end of Terceira Island (Azores), is characterized by an amplification of ground movements inside the crater with respect to the surrounding area. Inside this volcanic crater, with an average diameter of 1100m and a depth of about 50m, is located the village of São Sebastião that has shown an anomalous seismic behaviour in a more local expression during the last earthquakes. The local geology and geotechnical characteristics of the soil deposit play a strong role in the seismic ground shaking at the site. Some previous studies were performed (geological and geophysical) but the information is merely qualitative, so it was not possible to have a rigorous and well-defined model of the crater. The geological knowledge and interpretation of this volcanic area is a very important aspect in the detailed definition of the internal structure of the crater. A recent geological survey added new information that allows a better comprehension of the damage distribution during the earthquake of 1980. Also the detailed analysis of the accelerograms at some strong motion stations located within the São Sebastião Village (although induced by small earthquakes) show well-different site effects within the crater.
Probabilistic Circuits: A Unifying Framework for Tractable Probabilistic Models∗

2 Probabilistic Inference: Models, Queries, and Tractability 5 2.1 Probabilistic Models . 5 2.2 Probabilistic Queries . 6 2.3 Tractable Probabilistic Inference . 8 2.4 Properties of Tractable Probabilistic Models . 9
Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus isolates from postoperative wounds of hospitalized patients.

Staphylococcus sp. , gram positive pyogenic bacteria located on skin, nose etc, secretes toxin that causes toxic shock syndrome, abscess, food poisoning and other infectious diseases. This study was carried out to identify and characterize the type of Staphylococcus sp. bacteria especially Staphylococcus aureus in the pus from postoperative wounds of hospitalized patients. From pus samples collected from twenty-four patients from Kharagpur Hospital, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, twenty-eight bacterial isolates were obtained. Among them twenty-five (89.2%) were appeared with golden yellow colonies which is usually formed by Staphylococcus aureus. Twenty-three (82.14%) of the bacterial isolates were Gram positive. Among them twenty isolates (86.9%) were further confirmed to be Staphylococcus aureus by their ability to produce Catalase enzyme (positive in Catalase test) and Coagulase enzyme (positive in Coagulase Test). Eighteen (90.00%) of these Staphylococcus aureus were found to liquefy gelatin (Gelatin hydrolysis test), were able to hydrolyze urea (Urea hydrolysis test) and were also l positive in Mannitol Fermentation Test. But there was no growth found of these isolates on MacConkey Agar, while sixteen isolates (80.00%) of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to penicillin (50μg/ml). Moreover eighteen (90.00%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates were able to elaborate Hemolysin (Hemolysis test on Blood Agar media). Hence the bacterial isolates obtained from pus of postoperative wounds were predominantly pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus. So it can be concluded that careful treatment and postoperative measures to be taken to avoid serious health problem that may often be life threatening.
Informal Finance in Low-Income Countries

Introduction, Dale W. Adams and Delbert A. Fitchert taking a fresh look at informal finance, D.W. Adams the rope and the box - group savings in The Gambia, Parker Shipton informal finance groups in Cameroon, Gertrud R. Schreider and Carlos E. Cuevas rural finance in Somalia, Virginia DeLancey informal finance in Niger - lessons for building form institutions, Douglas H. Graham informal finance in Sri Lanka, Nimal Sanderatne informal rural finance in Thailand, Tongroj Onchan informal finance in Papua New Guinea - an overview, Nimal Fernando informal finance in the Philippines footwear industry, Mario B. Lamberte collateral substituted in rural informal financial markets in the Philippines, Emmanuel F. Esquerra and Richard L. Meyer the Kou in Japan - a precursor of modern finance, Yoichi Izumida pawn-broking and small loans - cases from India and Sri Lanka, F.J.A. Bouman and R. Bastiaanssen strengths of informal financial institutions - examples from India, C.P.S. Nayar informal finance in Indonesia, F.J.A. Bouman and H.A. J. Moll evolving forms of informal finance in an Indonesian town, Otto Hospes linking formal and informal finance - an Indonesian example, Hans Dieter Seibel and Uben Parhusip the financial evolution of small businesses in Indonesia, Ross H. McLeod small-scale enterprise dynamics and the evolving role of informal finance, Carl Leidholm formal credit for informal borrowers - lessons from informal lenders, Robert P. Christen regulatory avoidance in informal financial markets, Robert C. Vogel and Robert Wieland contract lending to small farmers in the Dominican Republic, Jerry R. Ladman, et al rotating savings and credit associations in Bolivia, D.W. Adams and Marie L. Canavesi ROSCAs - state-of-the-art financial intermediation, J.D. Von Pischke what have we learned about informal finance in three decades? , U. Tun Wai where to from here in informal finance? , Dale W. Adams and P.B. Ghate.
Climate at the Equilibrium Line of Glaciers

Abstract The relationships between temperature, precipitation and radiation on glacier equilibrium lines are investigated, using 70 glaciers for which the mass balance and meteorological observations have been carried out for sufficiently long periods. It is found that the characteristic climate at glacier equilibrium lines can be described using the summer 3 months’ temperature in a free atmosphere, annual total precipitation, and the sum of global and long-wave net radiation. All of these are measured at or very near the equilibrium-line altitudes. Then, it is shown how the shift of the equilibriumline will occur as a result of a climatic change. Finally, the effect of the shift of the equilibrium line on the annualmean specific mass balance is analytically derived and compared with observations. The present results make it possible to identify the altitudes in climate models where glacierization should begin, and to evaluate the mass-balance changes as a result of possible future changes in the climate.
Activity of Aqueous Extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn in 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Induced Anaemic Rats

Background: Phyllanthus niruri is an annual plant that is widely used in Asia and Africa traditionally for the treatment of various ailments such as Jaundice, Asthma, Hepatitis, Flu, Dropsy, Diabetes, Malaria, Hemorrhages, Diarrhea, and Anaemia. Objective: This study evaluates the haemotological and biochemical parameters of P. niruri in 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia in Wister rats for possible antianemic potential. Methods: This study evaluates the Antianaemic effect of the plant extract based on haemotological and biochemical parameters and body weight in 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia in Wister rats. Extract was administered in three different doses (250, 500, and 1000 mg/ kg b.wt) of the plant extract and folic acid was used as a positive control. Haematological parameters such as PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, Reticulocyte count were evaluated. Oxidative stress markers (MAD, catalase and SOD) and bilirubin (total and unconjugated) were also analyzed. Results: The results showed that, PCV, Hb, RBC concentration increased significantly (P 0.05) effect was observed at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.wt. WBC, MCV, MHC and reticulocytes was decreased significantly (P 0.05) effect was observed at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.wt. A significant (P 0.05) effect was observed at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.wt. Conclusion: The results suggest that the aqueous whole plant extract of P. niruri plant is relatively safe and possesses a significant anti-anaemic property; therefore, it may be a potential lead in the discovery of drug for treatment of heamolytic anaemia.
Automatic semantic priming with various category relations in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging

The 6 experiments reported here tested the effects of various category relations on automatic semantic priming in 20 Alzheimer's disease (AD), 20 older control, and 22 younger control subjects. The tasks were either word pronunciation or lexical decision; the prime-target stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) was always 250 ms. A variety of category relationships between prime and target were examined: highly associated category comembers, subordinate-superordinate or superordinate-subordinate pairs, and pairs selected on the basis of category typically to form typical-typical, atypical-typical, typical-atypical, and atypical-atypical pairings. Both for AD versus older control subjects and for older versus younger control subjects, no significant group differences were found in the magnitude of overall semantic priming or in the effects on priming of factors pertaining to the prime-target relationship.
Deep Learning for Automated Segmentation of Liver Lesions at CT in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.

Purpose To evaluate the performance, agreement, and efficiency of a fully convolutional network (FCN) for liver lesion detection and segmentation at CT examinations in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLMs). Materials and Methods This retrospective study evaluated an automated method using an FCN that was trained, validated, and tested with 115, 15, and 26 contrast material-enhanced CT examinations containing 261, 22, and 105 lesions, respectively. Manual detection and segmentation by a radiologist was the reference standard. Performance of fully automated and user-corrected segmentations was compared with that of manual segmentations. The interuser agreement and interaction time of manual and user-corrected segmentations were assessed. Analyses included sensitivity and positive predictive value of detection, segmentation accuracy, Cohen κ, Bland-Altman analyses, and analysis of variance. Results In the test cohort, for lesion size smaller than 10 mm (n = 30), 10-20 mm (n = 35), and larger than 20 mm (n = 40), the detection sensitivity of the automated method was 10%, 71%, and 85%; positive predictive value was 25%, 83%, and 94%; Dice similarity coefficient was 0.14, 0.53, and 0.68; maximum symmetric surface distance was 5.2, 6.0, and 10.4 mm; and average symmetric surface distance was 2.7, 1.7, and 2.8 mm, respectively. For manual and user-corrected segmentation, κ values were 0.42 (95% confidence interval: 0.24, 0.63) and 0.52 (95% confidence interval: 0.36, 0.72); normalized interreader agreement for lesion volume was -0.10 ± 0.07 (95% confidence interval) and -0.10 ± 0.08; and mean interaction time was 7.7 minutes ± 2.4 (standard deviation) and 4.8 minutes ± 2.1 (P < .001), respectively. Conclusion Automated detection and segmentation of CLM by using deep learning with convolutional neural networks, when manually corrected, improved efficiency but did not substantially change agreement on volumetric measurements. © RSNA, 2019Supplemental material is available for this article.
The Growth and Composition of Wool V. Stimulation of Wool Growth by the Abomasal Administration of Varying Amounts of Casein

In a series of five experiments, varying amounts of casein (60~200 gjday) were given to sheep, in the diet or via the abomasum, as supplements to various diets at several levels of intake (400~1200 gjday). Effects on growth rate and sulphur content of wool and on body weight were investigated.
Faking Biodata Tests Are Option-Keyed Instruments More Resistant?

ABSTRACT Response biases in biodata scores derived with option -keying and item-keying procedures were investigated. Results indicated that (a) when subjects simulated responding as job applicants they distorted their re sponses in a socially desirable direction; (b) item -keyed scores were susceptible to inflation due to socially desirable responding and specific job -title knowledge, but option -keyed scores were not; and (c) response biases were not reflected in response latencies. A supplementary analysis indicated that the two keying procedures may capture different aspects of criterion variance. Implications for reconciling conflicting reports about the susceptibility of biodata scores to response biases are discussed. Issues related to reliability and validity of the two keying procedures, and the generalizability of the results to personality tests, are also discussed. This research was supported in part by a grant from the Gaudet Fund at Stevens Institute of Technology. Revisions were completed while Craig Russell held a position at Purdue University; he is now at the College of Business, Louisiana State University, Baton -Rouge, Louisiana 70803 -63120. We thank Mike McDaniel for his help in obtaining a biodata instru ment, and we thank Philip Bobko, Adrienne Colella, Angleo DeNisi, and three anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments. A copy of the software used for this study can be obtained from Avraham N. Kluger. Correspondence may be addressed to Avraham N. Kluger, Institute of Management and Labor Relations, Rutgers University, Rockafeller Road, Kilmer Campus, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903 -5062.
Utilising omics approaches to understand Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic human virus associated with a number of malignancies, including Kaposi’s sarcoma. Similar to all herpesviruses, KSHV establishes either latent or lytic infections in host cells. The latent stage involves minimal viral gene expression, enabling the virus to remain dormant, maintaining genome integrity and enabling viral persistence. Conversely, lytic replication is characterised by the expression of a highly regulated and coordinated cascade of viral gene expression, ultimately resulting in the production of new mature, infectious virions. Importantly, lytic replication is necessary for the development and spread of Kaposi’s sarcoma. State of the art high throughput, high resolution “omics” approaches, such as mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics and next generation sequencing-based transcriptomics, are rapidly becoming the techniques of choice for discovering novel biological phenomena due, in part, to their sensitivity and the ability to repeatedly ask new questions of an existing dataset. Herein, three high throughput, high resolution approaches, namely SILAC-based quantitative proteomics, miRNA sequencing and mRNA sequencing are employed in an attempt to identify and characterise novel interactions between KSHV and the host cell. Utilising quantitative proteomics, the essential host cell splicing factor Prp19 is identified as a novel interacting partner of the lytic KSHV ORF57 protein in subnuclear bodies. This interaction, surprisingly, does not contribute to viral mRNA maturation, but instead has implications for the cellular DNA damage response, appearing to limit the effectiveness of this important pathway, possibly to reduce any negative effects on viral replication. Proteomic analyses also highlighted a link between KSHV lytic replication and host miRNA biogenesis pathways. Through the application of miRNA sequencing, two host miRNAs, namely miR-151a-5p and miR-365a-3p, were found to be dysregulated during KSHV infection. Importantly, neither of these miRNAs appear to represent a host antiviral response. Instead, cellular target mRNAs are identified for miR-365a-3p, through the use of mRNA sequencing. These targets, termed DOCK5 and PRUNE2 are rapidly degraded during KSHV lytic replication via the viral-mediated upregulation of miR-365a-3p expression. Subsequent analysis of DOCK5 function during lytic replication suggests this interaction may promote viral egress. The data presented herein sheds light on previously unidentified mechanisms employed by KSHV to hijack the host cell, and may aid in the development of novel therapeutics against this important pathogen.
Disconnected operation in the Coda File System

Disconnected operation is a mode of operation that enables a client to continue accessing critical data during temporary failures of a shared data repository. An important, though not exclusive, application of disconnected operation is in supporting portable computers. In this paper, we show that disconnected operation is feasible, efficient and usable by describing its design and implementation in the Coda File System. The central idea behind our work is that caching of data, now widely used for performance, can also be exploited to improve availability.
On the quality of synthetic speech : evaluation and improvements

Traditional articulation tests are not always sensitive enough to discriminate between speech samples which are of high intelligibility. One can increase the sensitivity of such tests by presenting the test materials in noise. In this way, small differences in intelligibility can be magnified into large differences in articulation scores. We used bath a more conventional articulation test and a monosyllabic adaptive speech interference test (MASIT) to evaluate the intelligibility of nine different speech-coding techniques. We found different patterns of responses for the articulation test and MASIT. These differences can be explained by the fact that different speech-coding schemes code different acoustic-phonetic properties of the speech signal. Same of these properties are more liable to masking by interfering noise than others. Our results show that, in the case of synthetic speech, differences in intelligibility are not always magnified by adding interfering noise; they may even disappear. 1 This chapter is a slightly modified version of a previously published article: Eggen, J . H. (1989). "lntelligibility of synthetic speech in the presence of interfering speech", Speech Communication 8, 319-327. 6 Chapter 2 Intelligibility of synthetic speech
Silymarin as Herbal Medicine- A Review

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.1. 5 Abstract: Silymarin, a flavonolignan contain phenolic and flavanoid component from Silybum marianum plant, is used for the strengthening against various liver conditions in both experimental models and clinical settings. Silybum marianum (milk thistle) has been used for centuries as an herbal medicine for the treatment of liver disease. Its use for various liver disorders due to drug as well as environmental factors. Silybum marianum contains silymarin, which is composed of the flavanolignans silybin, silydianin, and silychristine, with silybin being the most biologically active. Number of studies has established the cancer chemo preventive role of silymarin in both in vitro and in vivo models. Silymarin modulates imbalance between cell survival and apoptosis through intervention with the expressions of cell cycle regulators and proteins involved in apoptosis. Silymarin was found to be effective in the illness of organs like brain, prostate, lungs, heart, kidneys, pancreas and others. Silymarin act mainly by its antioxidative and free radical-scavenging properties, recently new molecular mechanisms based on the specific receptor interaction were discovered – e.g., modulation and inhibition of drug transporters, estrogenic receptors, Pglycoprotein, nuclear receptors and some others.
Efficient Technique for Annonymized Microdata Preservation using Slicing

: Data Anonymization is always being a subject of researchers in the last few years. Privacy Preserving Data Mining, i.e. the study of data mining side-effects on privacy, which receives an increasing attention from the research community. Privacy-preservation data publishing has received lot of attention, as it is always a problem of how to secure a database of high dimension. In much organization where large number of confidential data is available, such data must be secured. The personal data may be misused, for a variety of purposes. In order to alleviate these concerns, a number of techniques have recently been proposed in order to perform the data mining tasks in a privacy-preserving way. There are several anonymization techniques available such as generalization and bucketization that are designed for privacy preservation of microdata publishing. But it has been seen that for high dimension data generalization looses the information, bucketization on other hand does not prevent membership disclosure. We present another anonymization technique known as Slicing. The significance of using slicing is that it can handle high dimension data. Slicing preserves better data utility than generalization and also prevents membership disclosure. This paper focus on effective method that can be used for providing better data utility and can handle high-dimensional data.
Professional disposition of wildland-urban interface recreation managers in Southern California: policy implications for the USDA Forest Service.

The professional disposition of USDA Forest Service recreation managers is reported from a study on the implementation of recreation policy on four southern California national forests. Inquiry focused on managers' education and training in recreation management, professional contacts related to recreation management, and relationships with visitors. Line and staff officers from recreation and other functions, and district-level agency and nonagency recreation personnel were interviewed or completed questionnaires. Managers were predominantly educated in resource, as opposed to social, management, indicating a lack of emphasis on people. Training occurred almost exclusively on the job, a concern in a setting requiring innovation and adaptation to diverse visitor needs. Visitor accommodation was supported, though public behavior was expected to change rather than the agency's. Recommendations to improve dispositions toward the recreation function include establishing a new federal recreation job classification, improving affiliation of agency personnel with professional organizations, and improving practices to increase understanding of forest visitors.