Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A generic synchronous machine model for real time training simulators

This paper presents the development and validation of a generic synchronous machine model to be used in real time power plant training simulators. The model accurately simulates a wide range of training scenarios including normal operation, malfunctions, and specific equipment symptomatic tests. The model developed is based on IEEE's Model 2.2 (a sixth order model) with modifications added in order to include effects such as magnetic saturation in the air-gap, residual magnetism, and rotor velocity influence on voltage. The model is validated comparing calculated and plant data for various scenarios. A good approximation between simulated and power plant data is obtained.
Systemic suppression of mycorrhizal colonization of barley roots already colonized by AM fungi

In a split root system with barley plants, one half of the divided root system had been colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices or Gigaspora rosea. After extensive root colonization by the fungi, the other half of the divided root system was inoculated with G. mosseae. Prior colonization of one half of the split root system with any of the three fungi resulted in a clear suppression of colonization by G. mosseae in the other half of the root system. As carbohydrates are one of the principal elements of plant growth, AM colonization, which is supposed to present a carbon sink, on one half of the split root system, could aect root growth and thus root fresh weight, on the non-mycorrhizal half of the root system. Besides, the improved P-status of mycorrhizal plants has been suggested to aect further AM root colonization. Our experiment showed that neither the root fresh weight, nor the P-concentration diered signi®cantly in split root systems of non-mycorrhizal control plants and in split root systems of half mycorrhizal plants. Thus the suppressional eect in prior AM colonized plants on subsequent AM root colonization seemed not to be linked to a competition of the AM fungi for carbohydrates or an altered P-status. A systemic suppression of further mycorrhization in mycorrhizal roots, which is not AM fungal species or genera speci®c is discussed. 7 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
CABG in CKD: untangling the letters of risk.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with CAD [1,2]. The traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia are highly prevalent among CKD patients and contribute to severity of CAD [3]. Outcomes of acute coronary syndromes (unstable angina and myocardial infarction) are worse for CKD patients than for patients with preserved renal function [4,5]. The prognosis for patients with impaired renal function who undergo coronary revascularization, either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), worsens as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) deteriorates [6–10]. Given the outcomes of CKD patients undergoing CABG, the opportunity to risk-stratify them before surgery would carry important clinical implications. Numerous factors have been cited to explain the association between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular events. Impaired renal function is associated with reduced erythropoietin synthesis and consequent anaemia, which has been associated with cardiovascular disease [11]. Reduced 1,25 (OH) vitamin D production is associated with increased parathyroid hormone levels and higher prevalence of vascular calcification and arteriosclerosis [12]. CKD patients face additional challenges in the setting of coronary revascularization. Increased co-morbidity, reduced use of standard cardiovascular therapies, and more advanced valvular and myocardial disease all account for worse outcomes after CABG [13]. In this issue of Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Charytan et al. propose a risk score model for CKD patients undergoing CABG [14]. The data source is a retrospective analysis of 2438 patients undergoing CABG at a single centre between 2005 and 2008. Patients were stratified based on severity of renal dysfunction: normal renal function/mild CKD (stages 1–2; eGFR ≥60 mL/min/ 1.73 m 2 ; n = 1714), moderate CKD (stage 3; eGFR 30–
Fibronectin mRNA Splice Variant in Articular Cartilage Lacks Bases Encoding the V, III-15, and I-10 Protein Segments*

Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein encoded by a single gene. Alternative RNA splicing has been reported at three sites, ED (extra type III domain)-A, ED-B, and the variable or V region. Articular cartilage fibronectin monomers are rarely (ED-A)+, but approximately 25% are (ED-B)+. RNA gel electrophoresis and Northern blot analysis identified two (ED-B)+ and two (ED-B)− fibronectin transcripts in cartilage, each pair differing by ~750 bases. This difference results from a previously unreported RNA splicing pattern that eliminates not only the V region but also nucleotides encoding protein segments III-15 and I-10. This new splice variant, which we designate (V+C)−, represents the majority of fibronectin transcripts in equine, canine, and rabbit articular cartilage but is absent in the liver. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses of 11 additional equine tissues failed to detect the (V+C)− splice variant, except for very low levels in lymph node, bone, aorta, and skin. Furthermore, chondrocytes grown in monolayer culture maintain high levels of fibronectin expression but stop expressing (V+C)− transcripts over time. The tissue-specific expression pattern of this novel fibronectin isoform suggests that it may have an important function in the matrix organization of cartilage.
Race and literacy effects on prostate cancer biology and access.

6019 Background: African Americans present with a higher stage of disease for prostate cancer. Multivariate analysis indicates that low literacy rather than race, is the most likely predictor of advanced stage (Bennett, JCO 1998). We evaluate the relation of race and literacy with Gleason score, PSA level and treatment. METHODS Newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients were recruited from three Chicago Hospitals (N=143), including two equal access healthcare systems. Patients completed a demographic questionnaire and a literacy evaluation, using a 66 word standard list, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM). Stage of presentation and treatment decision were abstracted from medical records. RESULTS Patients were primarily African American (76%), of lower socioeconomic status (72%) with an income < $20,000, with low literacy skills (65% with <9th grade) and were older than 65 years of age (60%). Bivariate analysis indicated that race and low literacy were significantly associated with Gleason score and PSA respectively. In a multivariate analysis using literacy, race and age, low literacy was the only significant predictor of PSA > 10ng/mL (OR= 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1-7.7). Of literay, race and age, race was the only predictor for a high Gleason score (OR= 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.1). Neither race nor literacy were significant predictors of treatment for younger or older patients. CONCLUSIONS Low literacy, rather than African American race, is the most significant predictor of elevated PSA at presentation, while race is the most significant predictor of a high gleason score. In order to increase informed decision making about PSA screening, new strategies for health communication need to address the needs of men with lower literacy levels. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Adaptive radiotherapy based on contrast enhanced cone beam CT imaging

Abstract Cone beam CT (CBCT) imaging has become an integral part of radiation therapy, with images typically used for offline or online patient setup corrections based on bony anatomy co-registration. Ideally, the co-registration should be based on tumor localization. However, soft tissue contrast in CBCT images may be limited. In the present work, contrast enhanced CBCT (CECBCT) images were used for tumor visualization and treatment adaptation. Material and methods. A spontaneous canine maxillary tumor was subjected to repeated cone beam CT imaging during fractionated radiotherapy (10 fractions in total). At five of the treatment fractions, CECBCT images, employing an iodinated contrast agent, were acquired, as well as pre-contrast CBCT images. The tumor was clearly visible in post-contrast minus pre-contrast subtraction images, and these contrast images were used to delineate gross tumor volumes. IMRT dose plans were subsequently generated. Four different strategies were explored: 1) fully adapted planning based on each CECBCT image series, 2) planning based on images acquired at the first treatment fraction and patient repositioning following bony anatomy co-registration, 3) as for 2), but with patient repositioning based on co-registering contrast images, and 4) a strategy with no patient repositioning or treatment adaptation. The equivalent uniform dose (EUD) and tumor control probability (TCP) calculations to estimate treatment outcome for each strategy. Results. Similar translation vectors were found when bony anatomy and contrast enhancement co-registration were compared. Strategy 1 gave EUDs closest to the prescription dose and the highest TCP. Strategies 2 and 3 gave EUDs and TCPs close to that of strategy 1, with strategy 3 being slightly better than strategy 2. Even greater benefits from strategies 1 and 3 are expected with increasing tumor movement or deformation during treatment. The non-adaptive strategy 4 was clearly inferior to all three adaptive strategies. Conclusion. CECBCT may prove useful for adaptive radiotherapy.
Personalized workplace learning: An exploratory study on digital badging within a teacher professional development program

To provide customized workplace learning opportunities, a digital badge system was designed by a university, governmental agency and national professional association to support teachers' implementation of professional development ( PD). Teacher Learning Journeys ( TLJ) is an approach that allows for teachers to customize their PD experience to their workplace and make decisions about what PD they need based on their expertise and interests. The digital badging provided and assessed experiences in online PD. Using a theoretical framework that focused on decision making and customization as part of personalization, researchers conducted a theory-driven thematic analysis on teachers' TLJ artifacts (goal statements, interviews and reflective activity logs). Data came from 36 teachers who completed 154 PD activities over a 3-month period. A JOUR study was developed from an in-depth analysis of eight teachers' artifacts and interviews. Using TLJ as a PD tool, teachers made decisions when selecting learning goals they identified as personally relevant. Teachers customized the level of assessment and the specific content depth to personalize the PD training for workplace constraints. This project informs future research aiming to understand how personalized learning activities support teachers and other professional learners in a variety of workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Role of CD40-Dependent Down-Regulation of CD154 in Impaired Induction of CD154 in CD4+ T Cells from HIV-1-Infected Patients1

CD40-CD154 interaction is pivotal for cell-mediated immunity. There are contradictory reports on whether HIV-1 infection impairs CD154 induction. The interaction between CD40 and CD154 is important not only because it results in activation of APCs but also because it controls CD154 by diminishing expression of this molecule. Compared with healthy controls, CD4+ T cells from HIV-1+ patients had impaired induction of CD154 when T cell activation was mediated by CD40+ APCs. In contrast, T cell activation in the absence of these cells resulted in normal CD154 expression. CD154 induction in HIV-1+ patients and controls were similar upon blockade of CD40-CD154 binding. Defective regulation of CD154 appeared to occur downstream of the control of mRNA levels because up-regulation of CD154 mRNA was not impaired by HIV-1 infection. This work identifies CD40 as a mediator of impaired CD154 induction in HIV-1 infection and explains why this defect was not detected by studies where T cell activation was triggered independently of CD40+ APCs. In addition, dysregulation of CD154 in HIV-1 infection likely contributes to immunodeficiency because diminished expression of CD154 induced by CD40 is of functional relevance, resulting in decreased dendritic cell maturation.
On Doubly Symmetric Tridiagonal Forms for Complex Matrices and Tridiagonal Inverse Eigenvalue Problems

It is well known that for any distinct real numbers $\lambda_{1},\ldots, \lambda_{n}$ there exists a doubly symmetric (i.e., symmetric and persymmetric or, equivalently, symmetric and centrosymmetric) tridiagonal real $n \times n$ matrix $T$ with the $\lambda$'s as its eigenvalues. Such a matrix can be constructed finitely using only arithmetic operations and square roots. We prove in this paper that the analogous assertions hold for any distinct complex numbers $\lambda_{1}, \ldots, \lambda_{n}$ with $T$ being a complex matrix. It follows that any complex $n \times n$ matrix with distinct eigenvalues is similar to a doubly symmetric tridiagonal matrix. The condition that the eigenvalues be distinct is essential: we show that the tridiagonal form above does not exist or is trivial (depending on the Jordan structure imposed) if $\lambda_1 = \lambda_2 = \lambda_3 = 0$.
Acute myocardial infarction complicated by sudden cardiac arrest in a patient with ulcerative colitis.

1. Joshua AM, Adams D, McKenzie P, et al. Small blue cell tumors of the rectum. Case 2. Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 912-3. 2. Bernick PE, Klimstra DS, Shia J, et al. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 2004; 47: 163-9. 3. Ihtiyar E, Algin C, Isiksoy S, Ates E. Small cell carcinoma of rectum: a case report. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 3156-8. 4. Cebrian J, Larach SW, Ferrara A, et al. Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum: report of two cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42: 274-7.
Genetic and phenotypic diversity in selected genotypes of tef [ Eragrostis tef ( Zucc . )

Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is an important staple food crop, especially in Ethiopia where it is annually grown on 2.8 million hectares of land. It is important for food security in the region, in spite of having a low yield, mainly due to lodging. In this study, 15 representative landraces as well as three improved varieties have been selected for in-depth characterization of many parameters, especially those implicated in yield. The genotypes were clustered into six groups, mainly based on agronomic traits and about 80% of the diversity in the genotypes could be explained on the basis of four principal components. In general, all traits investigated showed substantial diversity among genotypes, offering high chances for improving tef through direct selection or intra-specific hybridization. Moreover, in view of climatic changes, breeding with early maturing landraces such as Red dabi or Karadebi would be advantageous to cope with moisture scarcity during the later stage of crop maturity.
Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease

Purpose of review Evaporative dry eye disease is one of the most common types of dry eye. It is often the result of chronic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and associated ocular rosacea. Evaporative dry eye and MGD significantly reduce patient's quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as artificial tears, warm compresses, and medications, such as topical cyclosporine, azithromycin, and oral doxycycline, provide some relief; however, many patients still suffer from dry eye symptoms. Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy, which has been used extensively in dermatology to treat chronic skin conditions, is a relatively new treatment in ophthalmology for patients with evaporative dry eye disease. Recent findings There are very few studies published on the use of IPL in patients with dry eye disease. The present review describes the theoretical mechanisms of IPL treatment of MGD and ocular rosacea. Personal clinical experience and recently presented data are reported as well. Summary IPL therapy has promising results for evaporative dry eye patients. There are statistically significant improvements in clinical exam findings of dry eye disease. More importantly, patients report subjective improvement in their symptoms. More research is needed in this area to help understand the mechanism of dry eye disease and how it can be effectively treated.
Simultaneous assay of angiotensin I and II and determination of converting enzyme activity.

The precise identification of the form of angiotensin recovered from in vitro incubations for plasma renin activity determinations (angiotensin I or II or a mixture) has become increasingly important with chemical means for quantitation such as radioimmunoassay. The ability to discriminate angiotensin I and II quantitatively in mixtures of these peptides also provides a means for quantitative assessment of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. The studies describe the use of the rat uterus assay combined with pressor assay techniques as a quantitative tool for differentiating between angiotensin I and II in mixtures of the two peptides. The differential in the oxytocic activities of angiotensin I and II (lack of activity in the case of angiotensin I) holds only over a limited range of equipressor concentrationa of the complete dose-response curve. This range must be determined for each isolated rat uterus preparation utilized. Using this technique, we have shown that, under the in vitro incubation conditions of Boucher for plasma renin activity determination, the recovered peptide is angiotensin I, indicating complete inhibition of converting enzyme under these conditions. This peptide, furthermore, can be converted quantitatively to angiotensin II, with the use of crude a-amylase.
The return of the chatbots

Abstract By all accounts, 2016 is the year of the chatbot. Some commentators take the view that chatbot technology will be so disruptive that it will eliminate the need for websites and apps. But chatbots have a long history. So what's new, and what's different this time? And is there an opportunity here to improve how our industry does technology transfer?
A Closed-Form Power Allocation for Minimizing Secrecy Outage Probability for MISO Wiretap Channels via Masked Beamforming

In this letter, we aim to achieve secure communication for a multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channel in the presence of multiple non-colluding eavesdroppers. It is assumed that the eavesdroppers' channels are unavailable to the transmitter, and artificial noise (AN) is used to provide masked beamforming for degrading the eavesdroppers' channels. First, we derive the secrecy rate outage probability for the masked beamforming system and then the optimal power allocation between data and AN is obtained in closed form for minimizing the secrecy rate outage probability under a total power constraint. The effects of the number of transmit antennas, the transmit power, and the target secrecy rate on the optimal power allocation parameter are characterized. Numerical results are presented to show the performance of our proposed power allocation scheme.
Adaptable Data Download Schedules for Agile Earth-Observing Satellites

In this paper, it is shown how decision making on data download schedules can be shared between ground and onboard to face uncertainty about the volumes of data generated by observations: download schedules are produced on the ground together with commitments to high-priority data downloads; these schedules are then adapted onboard when exact volumes are known, while guaranteeing that ground commitments be satisfied. This setting arises in a space application in which Earth-observing satellites perform observations, which produce data to be recorded onboard and then downloaded to ground reception stations, but the volume of data generated by observations is uncertain, due to the execution of sophisticated compression algorithms between observation and data recording.
Infections in adults undergoing unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation

This study retrospectively reviews infections over a 7‐year period in 60 consecutive adults (median age 25 years) undergoing their first unrelated donor bone marrow transplant (UD‐BMT). T‐cell depletion was employed in 93%. More than half the patients had one or more severe, potentially life‐threatening, infections. There was a high incidence of invasive fungal infections (Aspergillus 17, Candida four), despite the use of itraconazole or amphotericin prophylaxis. Ten Aspergillus infections occurred beyond 100 d. Two patients (11%) with invasive aspergillosis survived. Clustering of infections was noted, with invasive fungal infections significantly associated with bacteraemias (OR 3.73, P = 0.06) and multiple viral infections (OR 4.25, P = 0.05). There were 21 severe viral infections in 16 patients, with CMV disease occurring in four patients only; viral pneumonitis was predominantly due to ‘community respiratory’ viruses. Most early bacteraemias (68%) were due to Gram‐positive organisms. The majority of episodes of Gram‐negative sepsis were caused by non‐fastidious non‐fermentative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacterspp. , historically regarded as organisms of low pathogenicity. In patients with successful engraftment and minimal graft‐versus‐host disease, late infections suggestive of continued immune dysfunction (shingles, recurrent lower respiratory infections, Salmonella enteritis and extensive warts) were common.
Steroid‐responsive pure red cell aplasia associated with natural killer cell lymphocytosis

A patient with pure red cell aplasia and expansion of the peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell population is described. Despite normal absolute and differential leukocyte counts, NK cells were increased at diagnosis and at relapse. Furthermore, these cells were not morphologically recognizable on the peripheral blood smear examination. A favorable clinical response to glucocorticoid therapy was accompanied by a decrease in NK cells.
A Novel Public Key Image Encryption Based on Elliptic Curves over Prime Group Field

In this paper an encryption technique is proposed based on elliptic curves for securing images to transmit over public channels. This cryptosystem also utilize a new mapping method is introduced to convert every pixel of plain image into a point on an elliptic curve, which is a mandatory prerequisite for any ECC based encryption. Encryption and decryption process are given in details with implementation. After applying encryption, security analysis is performed to evaluate the robustness of proposed technique to statistical attacks. 
Is Conflict Detection in Reasoning Domain General?

A great deal of reasoning research indicates that individuals are often biased by intuitive heuristics. However, contemporary results indicate that individuals seem sensitive to their biases; they seem to detect conflict with reasoning norms. One of the key remaining questions is whether this conflict sensitivity is domain general. To address this question, we administered a battery of five classical reasoning tasks to a large sample of subjects and assessed their conflict detection efficiency on each task by measuring their response confidence. Results indicate that conflict detection is, in most senses, not domain general, though there are compelling exceptions.