Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Impacts of Solution-Focused Coaching Training for Pediatric Rehabilitation Practitioners: A Qualitative Evaluation

Abstract Aims This qualitative evaluation study assessed perceived impacts of a solution-focused coaching (SFC) training rolled out in a Canadian pediatric rehabilitation hospital from the perspective of clinical service providers. Methods Thirteen clinical service providers were interviewed six months after receiving 2-day SFC training. Participants retrospectively described perceived impacts of the training and benefits and challenges pertinent to the implementation of the SFC approach. Interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Results SFC training was considered making a valuable addition to participants’ toolbox, increasing their confidence in developing positive therapeutic alliance with clients, and enhancing their strengths-based orientation. The training was also seen improving team cohesion and promoting collaborative solution-finding among team members. Structural barriers such as time constraints, lack of continuous organizational support and clear expectations around the use of the SFC approach were reported as factors impeding effective clinical adaptation. The need for tailoring the SFC approach to unique service contexts was also reported. Conclusions Future SFC training initiatives should integrate a team-based approach and a culturally sensitive lens to help providers better assist clients in identifying their unique strengths. Follow-up training and continuous organizational support mechanisms will be vital for facilitating sustainable implementation after the initial training.
Additional Efficacy of Macrolide for Patients With Acute Deterioration of Interstitial Lung Disease Requiring Corticosteroid Pulse Therapy.

To the Editor: Acute deterioration of interstitial lung disease (AD-ILD) including acute or subacute idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and secondary causes is a pathologic condition that manifests as rapid respiratory failure.1–5 Macrolides, which are known for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects, have been found to be beneficial in patients with various lung diseases.6–11 These drugs have been reported to provide clinical benefit in not only patients with chronic airway inflammatory diseases, but also in patients with ILD including acute lung injury and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). 6–10 However, few reports have clarified the clinical utility of macrolides in patients with AD-ILD.11 The retrospectively observational study was performed at Yokohama City University between 2014 and 2018 (approval number B171100003). The medical data of 97 patients requiring corticosteroid pulse therapy because of AD-ILD consisting of acute or subacute IIP, including acute exacerbation (AE) of
Second-Window Indocyanine Green for Visualization of Hemangioblastoma: A Case Report With Two-Dimensional Operative Video.

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE The proper differentiation of neoplastic tissue from adjacent brain parenchyma can pose a great challenge, especially in eloquent areas of the brain. With the novel technique, "Second-Window Indocyanine Green," injection of a near-infrared fluorophore (ICG) allows for intraoperative visualization of tumors by taking advantage of the compromised vasculature surrounding the tumor. Thus, such a technique may demonstrate utility for hemangioblastomas, which are hypervascular tumors of the central nervous system. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Here we present the case of a 39-yr-old male with a demonstrated cystic mass in the left cerebellum, with additional edema spreading towards the vermis. A total of 5 mg/kg of ICG was delivered intravenously 24 h prior to the operation. The tumor was approached via the infratentorial suboccipital approach. We observed strong near-infrared fluorescence through the intact dura, consistent with the tumor location. Surgical pathology confirmed a final diagnosis of cerebellar hemangioblastoma. There was complete resection of the tumor, with the patient discharged uneventfully. CONCLUSION We report the first successful case of fluorescence-guided surgery of a cerebellar hemangioblastoma using near-infrared fluorescence imaging with the Second-Window ICG technique. This joins a growing series of publications that demonstrate the efficacy of a novel application of ICG, a near-infrared fluorophore, in accurate intraoperative visualization of neoplastic tissue. While the use of a dedicated near-infrared platform (ie, the VisionSense Iridium [Visionsense, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]) yields a higher signal-to-background ratio, a neurosurgical microscope (ie, the Leica OH6 [Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany]) may also provide a suitable option in cases where fluorescence is very strong.
IGFBPs mediate IGF‐1's functions in retinal lamination and photoreceptor development during pluripotent stem cell differentiation to retinal organoids

Development of the retina is regulated by growth factors, such as insulin‐like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF‐1/2), which coordinate proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of the neuroepithelial precursors cells. In the circulation, IGF‐1/2 are transported by the insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) family members. IGFBPs can impact positively and negatively on IGF‐1, by making it available or sequestering IGF‐1 to or from its receptor. In this study, we investigated the expression of IGFBPs and their role in the generation of human retinal organoids from human pluripotent stem cells, showing a dynamic expression pattern suggestive of different IGFBPs being used in a stage‐specific manner to mediate IGF‐1 functions. Our data show that IGF‐1 addition to culture media facilitated the generation of retinal organoids displaying the typical laminated structure and photoreceptor maturation. The organoids cultured in the absence of IGF‐1, lacked the typical laminated structure at the early stages of differentiation and contained significantly less photoreceptors and more retinal ganglion cells at the later stages of differentiation, confirming the positive effects of IGF‐1 on retinal lamination and photoreceptor development. The organoids cultured with the IGFBP inhibitor (NBI‐31772) and IGF‐1 showed lack of retinal lamination at the early stages of differentiation, an increased propensity to generate horizontal cells at mid‐stages of differentiation and reduced photoreceptor development at the later stages of differentiation. Together these data suggest that IGFBPs enable IGF‐1's role in retinal lamination and photoreceptor development in a stage‐specific manner.
GNOM‐dependent endocytosis maintains polar localisation of the borate exporter BOR1 in Arabidopsis

Plants use transporters polarly localised in the plasma membrane for the directional transport of nutrients. The boric acid/borate (B) exporter BOR1 is localised polarly in the inner lateral domain of the plasma membrane in various root cells for efficient translocation of B under B limitation. With a high B supply, BOR1 is ubiquitinated and transported to vacuoles for degradation. The polar localisation and vacuolar targeting of BOR1 are maintained by different endocytosis mechanisms.
Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Severe Hypoxia on Central and Peripheral Components of the Glucocorticoid System in Rats.

INTRODUCTION Prenatal hypoxia is a risk factor for the development of numerous neurological disorders. It is known that the maternal stress response to hypoxia determines the epigenetic impairment of the perinatal expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in the hippocampus of the progeny, but so far no detailed study of how this affects the functional state of the glucocorticoid system during further ontogenesis has been performed. OBJECTIVE The goal of the present study was to examine the long-term effects of the prenatal hypoxia on the functioning of the glucocorticoid system throughout life. METHODS Prenatal severe hypobaric hypoxia (PSH) was induced in the critical period of embryonic hippocampal formation on days 14-16 of gestation in a hypobaric chamber (180 Torr, 5% oxygen, 3 h). The activity of central (hippocampus) and peripheral (liver) components of the glucocorticoid system was assessed in 1-day-old (newborn), 2-week-old (juvenile), 3-month-old (adult), and 18-month-old (aged) male rats. RESULTS The PSH resulted in continuously elevated baseline corticosterone blood levels in the adult and aged rats. The chronic elevation of the corticosterone levels was accompanied by a progressive deficit of the GR expression in the liver, increased hepatic glycogen content, dysregulated glucose-6-phosphatase activity, and eventually hypoglycemia. Elevated corticosterone appears to result from the impairment of the mechanisms of glucocorticoid negative feedback since a substantial decrease in both the total number of GR and their nuclear localization was observed already in the hippocampus of newborn rat pups and persisted throughout life. Corresponding stable hippocampal downregulation of GR-dependent genes was observed as well. Suppression of the maternal glucocorticoid stress response to hypoxia by metyrapone injection to pregnant rats prior to each hypoxic challenge considerably reduced corticosterone over-response to hypoxia and prevented reduced hippocampal GR. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that in progeny a deficit of hippocampal GR resulting from maternal glucocorticoid response to hypoxia remains stable throughout life and is accompanied by severe disturbances of baseline glucocorticoid levels and its peripheral reception. Negative consequences of PSH can be prevented by injection with an inhibitor of corticosterone synthesis (metyrapone) to pregnant females undergoing hypoxia.
Changes in Psychoacoustic Recognition and Brain Activity by Types of Fire Alarm

In public, the role of a fire alarm is to induce a person to a certain recognition of potential danger, resulting in that person taking appropriate evacuation action. Unfortunately, the sound of the fire alarm is not internationally standardized yet, except for recommending the use of a signal with a regular temporal pattern (or T-3 pattern). To identify the effective alarm sound, the present study investigated a relationship between acoustic characteristics of the fire alarm and its subjective psychoacoustic recognition and objective electroencephalography (EEG) responses for 50 young and older listeners. As the stimuli, six different types of alarms were applied: bell, slow whoop, T-3 520 Hz, T-3 3100 Hz, and two simulated T-3 sounds (i.e., 520 and 3100 Hz) to which older adults with age-related hearing loss seemed to hear. While listening to the sounds, the EEG was recorded by each individual. The psychoacoustic recognition was also evaluated by using a questionnaire consisting of three subcategories, i.e., arousal, urgency, and immersion. The subjective responses resulted in a statistically significant difference between the types of sound. In particular, the fire alarms had acoustic features of high frequency or gradually increased frequencies such as T-3 3100 Hz, bell, and slow whoop, representing effective sounds to induce high arousal and urgency, although they also showed a limitation in being widely transmitted and vulnerable to background noise environment. Interestingly, there was a meaningful interaction effect between the sounds and age groups for the urgency and immersion, indicating that the bell was quite highly recognized in older adults. In general, EEG data showed that alpha power was decreased and gamma power was increased in all sounds, which means a relationship with negative emotions such as high arousal and urgency. Based on the current findings, we suggest using fire alarm sounds with acoustic features of high frequencies in indoor and/or public places.
Identification and modelling of aerobic hydrolysis – application of optimal experimental design

Hydrolysis mechanism plays a dominant role in the delicate balance of electron donor/electron acceptor ratios in BNR (biological nutrient removal) and EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) systems as an important carbon source. In this study, the surface-saturation-type hydrolysis kinetics was investigated based on respirometric measurements, within the context of the theoretical and the practical identifiability of mathematical models. The identifiable parameters of a selected model were derived from respirograms. In addition, the information from the experiments was evaluated on the basis of Optimal Experimental Design (OED) methodology for different initial conditions of the batch respirometric experiment.
Role of long non‐coding RNAs in adipogenesis: State of the art and implications in obesity and obesity‐associated diseases

Obesity is an evolutionary, chronic, and relapsing disease that consists of a pathological accumulation of adipose tissue able to increase morbidity for high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea in adults, children, and adolescents. Despite intense research over the last 20 years, obesity remains today a disease with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as interesting new regulators as different lncRNAs have been found to play a role in early and late phases of adipogenesis and to be implicated in obesity‐associated complications onset. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances on the role of lncRNAs in adipocyte biology and in obesity‐associated complications. Indeed, more and more researchers are focusing on investigating the underlying roles that these molecular modulators could play. Even if a significant number of evidence is correlation‐based, with lncRNAs being differentially expressed in a specific disease, recent works are now focused on deeply analyzing how lncRNAs can effectively modulate the disease pathogenesis onset and progression. LncRNAs possibly represent new molecular markers useful in the future for both the early diagnosis and a prompt clinical management of patients with obesity.
Steroid Glycosides Hyrcanoside and Deglucohyrcanoside: On Isolation, Structural Identification, and Anticancer Activity

Cardiac glycosides (CGs) represent a group of sundry compounds of natural origin. Most CGs are potent inhibitors of Na+/K+-ATPase, and some are routinely utilized in the treatment of various cardiac conditions. Biological activities of other lesser known CGs have not been fully explored yet. Interestingly, the anticancer potential of some CGs was revealed and thereby, some of these compounds are now being evaluated for drug repositioning. However, high systemic toxicity and low cancer cell selectivity of the clinically used CGs have severely limited their utilization in cancer treatment so far. Therefore, in this study, we have focused on two poorly described CGs: hyrcanoside and deglucohyrcanoside. We elaborated on their isolation, structural identification, and cytotoxicity evaluation in a panel of cancerous and noncancerous cell lines, and on their potential to induce cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. The activity of hyrcanoside and deglucohyrcanoside was compared to three other CGs: ouabain, digitoxin, and cymarin. Furthermore, by in silico modeling, interaction of these CGs with Na+/K+-ATPase was also studied. Hopefully, these compounds could serve not only as a research tool for Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition, but also as novel cancer therapeutics.
A Comparative Study of Three-Dimensional Simulation in Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty With Hyaluronic Acid Fillers.

BACKGROUND The use of 3-dimensional computer imaging has grown steadily over the past decade, especially with cosmetic facial surgery. The technological advance has influenced how we counsel patients, perform procedures, and assess outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of quantifying simulated versus actual outcomes for nonsurgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid. METHODS A retrospective review of 3-dimensional images (LifeViz Inc, France) for rhinoplasty patients was performed. Randomized preoperative, simulated, and actual images were rated by a blinded panel of physicians (1 = poor, 5 = excellent). In addition, a quantitative assessment of nasofrontal angle and nasolabial angle was conducted where paired and 2-sample t tests were performed (P < 0.05 as significant). RESULTS Twenty-five patients were included in this comparison study. Fifty-six percent of preoperative images were rated as poor (mean, 1.7). The simulation received a mean score of 3.4 (good in 60% of cases), and 80% of actual cases were rated good to excellent (mean, 3.7). Mean nasofrontal angle decreased from 147.1 ± 1.2° preinjection to 143.3 ± 1.6° posttreatment, a mean change of 3.8 ± 2.0°. The mean nasolabial angle decreased from 125.5 ± 1.6° pretreatment to 117.5 ± 1.5° posttreatment. Average volume of actual dosage was 1.74 ± 0.18 mL. CONCLUSION Three-dimensional simulation for patients undergoing nonsurgical rhinoplasty is helpful for surgical planning and patient communications. It provides a mechanism for critical self-evaluation and helps set patients with realistic expectations about rhinoplasty.
Sweet talk: Metabolic conversations between host and microbe during infection

In this issue, we introduce the second part of a series of reviews focusing on how immunometabolism influences host and pathogen interactions during infection. This part of the collection addresses the interface between metabolism and specific types of infection, including immunometabolism in macrophages during helminth infection, the role of metabolism in T‐cell exhaustion during chronic viral infections and host immunometabolism in the defence against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. These reviews, together with the four articles published in part 1 of the series in November 2020, offer new insights into the complex interactions between mammalian hosts and microbial pathogens through the lens of cellular metabolic regulation.
Thermorheologic Properties of Aqueous Solutions and Gels of Poloxamer 407

AbstractA Theological study of poloxamer 407 aqueous solution of 10–25% (w/w) concentrations was carried out at temperatures ranging from 27°C to 45°C and at various shear rates. An exponential relationship was found between viscosity and temperature, with curve slopes dependant upon poloxamer concentration. The viscosity of 25% poloxamer 407 aqueous solution showed a Newtonian fluid at 4°C and linearly increased on increasing temperature. The viscosity of 25 % poloxamer 407 aqueous solution was sharply increased at about 12°C and maintained highly constant. During such a desolvation process, the closer approach of polymer chains, which gave rise to an increase in the number of interactions among the chains, gave an increase in the solution viscosity with temperature. The gelling concentration was examined using an interfacial tensiometer. The results showed that the first inflection point appeared at the 0.003% (w/w) concentration and the second point appeared at the 17.5% (w/w) concentration. It implied.
Utilization of the Naranjo scale to evaluate adverse drug reactions at a free-standing children’s hospital

The relationship between the Naranjo scaling system and pediatric adverse drug reactions (ADR) is poorly understood. We performed a retrospective review of 1,676 pediatric ADRs documented at our hospital from 2014–2018. We evaluated patient demographics, implicated medication, ADR severity, calculated Naranjo score, associated symptoms, and location within the hospital in which the ADR was documented. ADR severity was poorly correlated with Naranjo interpretation. Out of the 10 Naranjo scale questions, 4 had a response of “unknown” greater than 85% of the time. Cardiovascular and oncological/immunologic agents were more likely to have a probable or definite Naranjo interpretation compared to antimicrobials. Further strategies are needed to enhance the causality assessment of pediatric ADRs in clinical care.
DNA-Metabarcoding of Belowground Fungal Communities in Bare-Root Forest Nurseries: Focus on Different Tree Species

The production of tree seedlings in forest nurseries and their use in the replanting of clear-cut forest sites is a common practice in the temperate and boreal forests of Europe. Although conifers dominate on replanted sites, in recent years, deciduous tree species have received more attention due to their often-higher resilience to abiotic and biotic stress factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the belowground fungal communities of bare-root cultivated seedlings of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Quercus robur in order to gain a better understanding of the associated fungi and oomycetes, and their potential effects on the seedling performance in forest nurseries and after outplanting. The study sites were at the seven largest bare-root forest nurseries in Lithuania. The sampling included the roots and adjacent soil of 2–3 year old healthy-looking seedlings. Following the isolation of the DNA from the individual root and soil samples, these were amplified using ITS rRNA as a marker, and subjected to high-throughput PacBio sequencing. The results showed the presence of 161,302 high-quality sequences, representing 2003 fungal and oomycete taxa. The most common fungi were Malassezia restricta (6.7% of all of the high-quality sequences), Wilcoxina mikolae (5.0%), Pustularia sp. 3993_4 (4.6%), and Fusarium oxysporum (3.5%). The most common oomycetes were Pythium ultimum var. ultimum (0.6%), Pythium heterothallicum (0.3%), Pythium spiculum (0.3%), and Pythium sylvaticum (0.2%). The coniferous tree species (P. abies and P. sylvestris) generally showed a higher richness of fungal taxa and a rather distinct fungal community composition compared to the deciduous tree species (A. glutinosa, B. pendula, and Q. robur). The results demonstrated that the seedling roots and the rhizosphere soil in forest nurseries support a high richness of fungal taxa. The seedling roots were primarily inhabited by saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, while fungal pathogens and oomycetes were less abundant, showing that the cultivation practices used in forest nurseries secured both the production of high-quality planting stock and disease control.
Impact of Peer-Led Cancer Education Program on Knowledge, Health Beliefs, Practice, and Self-Esteem Among Pairs of Nepalese High-School Students and Their Knowledge-Sharing Partners

Raising cancer awareness among adolescents can increase their confidence in identifying cancer symptoms and develop healthy habits. This study tested the effectiveness of cancer education based on a new model among high schoolers. A non-randomized control group pre-post-test design study was conducted among 313 pairs of adolescent students and their knowledge-sharing partners in Lalitpur, Nepal. A baseline test was conducted before the education program, and it was followed up at two weeks and three months. Results were measured using a chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. There was a significant interaction effect of intervention and time on students’ knowledge, beliefs, self-esteem, and practice, along with a change in some scores of knowledge-sharing partners. Joint assignment supported the idea of diffusion of information within the family and in the neighborhood. The peer group discussion could encourage active learning and help students to participate visibly in problem-solving and reflecting more sustainably. Time constraints, lack of human resources, and support groups, might limit this program’s usage; however, preparing guidelines, and connecting communities, organizations, hospitals, volunteer health workers, and survivors can help make it more sustainable and approachable.