Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AREA SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY OF MASSIVE MIMO CELLULAR SYSTEM

In the wireless world, 5G is one of the emerging technologies. Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology used in 5G wireless communication where high frequency signals are used. Massive MIMO is an antenna array system using massive amount of antennas. Extra antennas help by focusing the transmission and reception of signal energy into ever-smaller regions of space. Though many techniques are used for 5G, massive MIMO gives good performance measures. Spectral Efficiency has been an important performance measure for mobile cellular systems. This work concentrates on area spectral efficiency (ASE) for uplink multi-cell multi-user massive MIMO systems by using a uniformly distributed user location model. This work presents the analysis of area spectral efficiency and some system parameters such as the number of base station antennas, the number of users and pilot-to-data power ratio of the massive MIMO cellular system. The area spectral efficiency is achieved for different path loss models and by considering different SNR values.
FACTORS CONTROLLING PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATIONS ON GEORGES BANK

PO Box 208118, New Haven, CT 06520-8118 USA (203) 432-3154 fax (203) 432-5872 jmr@yale.edu www.journalofmarineresearch. org The Journal of Marine Research is an online peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research on a broad array of topics in physical, biological, and chemical oceanography. In publication since 1937, it is one of the oldest journals in American marine science and occupies a unique niche within the ocean sciences, with a rich tradition and distinguished history as part of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research at Yale University.
de travail du personnel 2016-51 Firm-Specific Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations by

Council. This research may support or challenge prevailing policy orthodoxy. Therefore, the views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and may differ from official Bank of Canada views. No responsibility for them should be attributed to the Bank. www.bank-banque-canada.ca Staff Working Paper/Document de travail du personnel 2016-51 Firm-Specific Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations
Microscope objective for imaging atomic strontium with 0 . 63 micrometer resolution

Imaging and manipulating individual atoms with submicrometer separation can be instrumental for quantum simulation of condensed matter Hamiltonians and quantum computation with neutral atoms. Quantum gas microscope experiments in most cases rely on quite costly solutions. Here we present an open-source design of a microscope objective for atomic strontium consisting solely of off-the-shelf lenses that is diffraction-limited for 461 nm light. A prototype built with a simple stacking design is measured to have a resolution of 0.63(4) μm, which is in agreement with the predicted value. This performance, together with the near diffraction-limited performance for 532 nm light makes this design useful for both quantum gas microscopes and optical tweezer experiments with strontium. Our microscope can easily be adapted to experiments with other atomic species such as erbium, ytterbium, and dysprosium, as well as Rydberg experiments with rubidium. © 2019 Optical Society of America
A Symmetric Cryptography Based on Extended Genetic Algorithm

Genetic Algorithms are a class of optimization algorithms. GAs attempt to solve problems through modelling a simplified version of genetic processes. There are many problems for which a GA approach is useful. It is, however, undetermined if cryptanalysis is such a problem. Therefore, work explores the use of GAs in cryptography. Both traditional cryptanalysis and GAbased methods are implemented in software. The results are then compared using the metrics of elapsed time and percentage of successful decryptions. A determination is made for each cipher under consideration as to the validity of the GA-based approaches found. In general, these GA-based approaches are typical of the field. Keywords— Genetic Algorithm, cryptography
Evaluation of the maturity of the S & OP process for a written materials company : a case study

1/15 Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o estágio de maturidade do processo de S&OP da empresa objeto de estudo, identificar as principais deficiências por categoria avaliada e propor ações para sua melhoria. Para tanto, utilizaram-se três modelos, sendo dois modelos qualitativos e um modelo quantitativo. A pesquisa apresentou resultados divergentes entre a classificação oriunda dos modelos qualitativos e quantitativo, especialmente pelo fato de as métricas calculadas serem genéricas, não incorporando fatores como tipo de mercado consumidor, número de clientes e características de seus produtos e processos. Para a métrica acuracidade da previsão de vendas, é proposta a realização de uma média ponderada entre a acuracidade de cada família de produtos, sendo os pesos definidos por meio de uma classificação ABC baseada no faturamento das famílias. Do ponto de vista prático, notou-se que a principal dificuldade do processo de S&OP na empresa estudada reside na interface entre demanda e suprimentos, especialmente pelo fato de a companhia possuir uma estrutura organizacional do tipo funcional orientada ao atendimento da demanda. O fortalecimento dessa integração é a finalidade maior da atuação de um processo de S&OP na empresa, para minimizar conflitos funcionais e melhorar o desempenho da companhia. Palavras-chave: S&OP; Modelo de maturidade; Gestão da demanda; Gestão de operações; Gestão por processo. Abstract: This paper aims to evaluate the maturity stage of S&OP process in a written materials company to identify main deficiencies of this process and to suggest actions to its evolution. Three models were selected to do this task: two qualitative models, proposed by and a quantitative one. There were significantly differences between results from the quantitative and the qualitative models, especially because the quantitative model used generic reference value for the metrics, without considering industry in which the company is located, the number of clients as well as the characteristics of its products and processes. For the demand planning accuracy metric, it is proposed a method using an average weighted of product families’ accuracy, defining the weights by an ABC classification based on families’ revenues. On the practical field, the main difficult in S&OP process analyzed was the interface between demand and supply, especially because the company has a functional structure focused on meeting demand. The difficult of this integration is, in fact, the main purpose of S&OP. Therefore, the company expects to reduce the conflicts in this interface in the coming years.
RELIABILITY DESIGN OF POWER TRANSMISSION

With the worldwide competition so strong, it is essential for motor vehicles, regarding to power transmission, to have high reliability. The reliability design is one of the ways to reach this objective. The stage of design is the most important one in the life cycle of a power transmission. Reliability design, within the designing stage, correlates directly with the power transmission reliability. The problem of a practical power transmission, design has been solved by developing of a methodology suited to the purpose. The basis of the developed design represents a contemporary approach to designing, comprising the phases of conceptual, preliminary and detail designs, with applying of the reliability design method within these phases. Approach to technical system design, the algorithms of the developed vehicle design from market-users by reliability preliminary design, detailed reliability design to manufacturing, reliability block diagram are presented in the paper. The developed and applied methodology enables reliability design of the vehicle and its elements, with the objective of obtaining a reliable vehicle which is one of the main requirements for the competitiveness in the market of automotive vehicles.
Chapter 30 Layered Backpressure Scheduling for Delay-Aware Routing in Ad Hoc Networks

Packet transmission scheduling in wireless ad hoc (multi-hop) networks is a fundamental issue since it is directly related to the achievement of a prescribed quality of service (QoS). QoS is usually measured in terms of the average packet delay. Additionally, any packet scheduling/routing algorithm for ad hoc networks must be resilient to topology changes (link/node failures, node mobility) and strive for throughput optimality. The development of a throughput-optimal routing algorithm for packet radio networks which is also robust to topology changes was first presented in [8], and it is known as the backpressure (BP) packet scheduling algorithm. Nevertheless, this algorithm and many of its variations suffer from delay problems. Certain features of the backpressure algorithm suggest that long delays will be common. Firstly, backpressure routing uses queue buildup at nodes to create a “gradient” within the network that guides routing. However, this may come at the cost of increased queuing delay. Secondly, backpressure routing tends to explore all paths in a network, including paths with loops and “dead-end” paths that cannot lead to the desired destination. Hence, packets generally may not take the shortest path to their destination, thereby leading to additional delay.
Chapter 2 Cross Rolling : A Metal Forming Process

The chapter deals with cross rolling where the workpiece is rotated by 90° in the rolling plane after each rolling pass. The chapter begins with basics of metal rolling, and later on focuses on cross rolling. A short introduction to texture and its representation is presented followed by an overview of the formation of deformation texture in various materials after cross rolling. Review of some of the research works on cross rolling in last few decades has also been included. A case study has been provided at the end of this chapter.
The Informal Sector , Nominal Rigidities , and Real Exchange Rates

This paper works at the interface of the literature exploring the raison d’etre of the informal sector and that explaining the real exchange rate appreciations occurring in many Latin American countries during periods of reform. We first build a small country-Australian style model where the informal sector is seen as an unregulated nontradeables sector, augmented by heterogeneity in entrepreneurial ability and capital adjustment costs. We then examine the behavior of the model with and without a formal sector rigidity. We show that the co-movements of relative formal/informal incomes, formal/informal sector size, and the real exchange rate can offer insight into the level of distortion in the labor market and the source of ER fluctuations. We then explore time series data from Brazil, Colombia and Mexico using multivariate co-integration techniques to establish what “regime” each country is in at various periods of time. Mexico, for instance, appears to be relative undistorted and the 1987-92 appreciation appears to be largely a function of a boom in the non-tradeables sector rather than wage inertia. In spite of a secular expansion of the informal sector and there is little evidence of dualism or of a rigidity driven appreciation of the Real, from 1993-1996. Post 1995 Colombia corresponds to a classic segmented labor market and an appreciation partly driven by labor market rigidities. Graphical analysis suggests that neither the Argentine appreciation (1988-1992) or the celebrated Chilean appreciation (1975-1982) were driven by inertial forces. • This work partially financed by the Regional Studies Program of the Office of the Chief Economist for Latin America and the Caribbean. The development of the conceptual framework was supported by the Franco-Italian Foundation for Theoretical Philanthropy. We are grateful to Rashmi Shankar for early conceptual discussions, to Leonardo Gaspirini for helpful comments, to Norman Loayza and Claudio Montenegro for help with data, and to Gabriel Montes for expert research assistance. Corresponding author: wmaloney@worldbank.org. * The Word Bank ** CERAS, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées
Reporting Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials in Restless Legs Syndrome Based on the CONSORT Statement

Background Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the cornerstone of modern medical research, and their reporting may not always be optimal. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement is an evidence-based means to improve the quality of RCTs’ reporting by providing a checklist of recommended items. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of published RCTs on the restless legs syndrome (RLS), based on a checklist arising from the CONSORT statement. Methods Medical electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving patients with RLS. Inclusion criteria were follows: articles must have been published in English and RLS patients must have been randomized into a minimum of two treatment cohorts of different medicinal orientations. CONSORT-recommended items were marked as “reported” or “not reported,” and an overall CONSORT compliance metric was calculated. Comparisons among different time periods, CONSORT-endorsing and non-endorsing, and different levels of impact factor journals were made. Results Fifty-four eligible trials, published in 21 different scientific journals, were found. The average CONSORT compliance score was 56.6% (23.68–84.21%). CONSORT-endorsing journals had a mean CONSORT compliance of 58.47%, whereas non-endorsing journals had a mean CONSORT compliance of 50.4%. The median CONSORT compliance for articles published in low- (IF<2), medium- (IF 2-7), and high-ranked (IF>7) journals was 52.63, 56.57, and 59.21%, respectively. Only 14 of the 38 CONSORT items (36.8%) were reported in >75% of the articles. Discussion This study shows that the reporting of RLS-related RCTs is suboptimal, regardless of the time period, the quality of the publishing journal, and the endorsing or non-endorsing of the CONSORT statement.
Research Advances on Dictionary Learning Models, Algorithms and Applications

The sparse model often utilizes training samples to learn an over-complete dictionary, in order to obtain the redundant and sparse representation of signals. Designing simple, effective and flexible dictionary learning algorithms is one of the main and hot research topics in the information field. The dictionary learning methods based on synthesis sparse model have been applied into image classification, image denoising, image super-resolution and compressive imaging. In recent years, analysis sparse model, blind dictionary model and information complexity model have been proposed, which enrich the dictionary learning theory in order and lead to a "simple" description for a wide range of signals. In this paper,the fundamental models and dictionary learning algorithms are introduced in detail in terms of synthesis dictionary,analysis dictionary, blind dictionary and dictionary learning based on information complexity. Typical applications of dictionary learning methods are further illustrated. Finally, the directions for further research of the dictionary learning are pointed out.
Are fine structure cues an important feature for temporal streaming ?

Alternating sequence of two A and B bursts of sound tend to be perceptually organized in different auditory streams when introducing either a spectral [i.e. 1] or a temporal difference between A and B [i.e. 2]. The spectral difference between A and B sounds can be simply a frequency shift for pure tones or a spectral-pitch shift for complex sounds. In general, the channeling theory of streaming predicts that any salient difference between the excitation patterns evoked by A and B sounds would lead to a segregated percept [3]. Some previous studies have however evidenced that a sequence of sounds with similar spectral properties but with different temporal properties can be heard as segregated [i.e. 4]. In particular, temporal cues are undoublty responsible for the segregated percept when hearing a sequence of bursts of white noises that are amplitude-modulated at widely different rates [2]. All previous streaming experiments involved stimuli that had frequency components bellow 5000 Hz. As a consequence, the individual contribution of temporal fine structure cues and envelope cues could not be dissociated and remains largely undetermined. The current experiment is dedicated to test further the relative importance of both envelope and fine structure cues to segregate sequences of unresolved harmonic complex tones with different fundamental frequencies (F0). Two high-frequency regions above and bellow 5000 Hz and several phase relationships leading to several temporal peak factors have been used in a subjective streaming task.
EFFECTS OF NUTRITIONAL AND / OR ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING SOWS AND THEIR LITTERS UNDER TROPICAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

5 RESUMO . 7 Introduction . 9 Material and Methods . 10 Results. 14 Discussion . 16 Conclusions. 24 References . 25 Effects of dietary protein level and amino acids supplementation on performance of multiparous lactating sows in a tropical humid climate. 28 ABSTRACT . 28 RESUMO . 29 Introduction . 30 Material and Methods . 35 Results. 37 Discussion . 37 Conclusions. 47 References . 48. 28 RESUMO . 29 Introduction . 30 Material and Methods . 35 Results. 37 Discussion . 37 Conclusions. 47 References . 48
Analysis of linear transformation models with covariate measurement error and interval censoring

Among several semiparametric models, the Cox proportional hazard model is widely used to assess the association between covariates and the time‐to‐event when the observed time‐to‐event is interval‐censored. Often, covariates are measured with error. To handle this covariate uncertainty in the Cox proportional hazard model with the interval‐censored data, flexible approaches have been proposed. To fill a gap and broaden the scope of statistical applications to analyze time‐to‐event data with different models, in this paper, a general approach is proposed for fitting the semiparametric linear transformation model to interval‐censored data when a covariate is measured with error. The semiparametric linear transformation model is a broad class of models that includes the proportional hazard model and the proportional odds model as special cases. The proposed method relies on a set of estimating equations to estimate the regression parameters and the infinite‐dimensional parameter. For handling interval censoring and covariate measurement error, a flexible imputation technique is used. Finite sample performance of the proposed method is judged via simulation studies. Finally, the suggested method is applied to analyze a real data set from an AIDS clinical trial.
Representativeness and Investment Decision Making

Representativeness is one of the most common cognitive errors surveyed by Behavioural Finance researchers. It demonstrates the investors’ tendency to misinterpret the probability of an event or a series of events and associate this probability with random non-relevant situations when investment decisions have to be made. The present paper discusses the effect of representativeness both on everyday life and the stock market. In addition, it discusses the factors affecting the specific cognitive error, and also ways to address it in order to facilitate rational investment decisions and, thus, establish equilibrium in the stock market.
MOSFET memory structure with ordered nanocrystals in the gate dielectric for use in flash memories

This PhD thesis is devoted to the formation of Ge nanocrystals embedded in an insulating matrix (SiO2) for non-volatile memory applications. Ge nanocrystals present advantages in comparison with Si nanocrystals, related with their better charge retention. Their growth in a 2-D layer within a thin SiO2 layer in order to fabricate the basic structure of a nanocrystal memory cell was investigated in detail. The second innovation of this thesis is the introduction of lateral ordering in the 2-D layer of Ge nanocrystals, which shows important advantages for the control of their size and position. The ordered Ge nanocrystals were fabricated with electron beam lithography and selective growth in small windows in the SiO2 layer. The sample structure was studied with transmission electron microscopy, while electrical characterization was used for the investigation of charging phenomena. A Ge nanocrystal nonvolatile memory cell with promising characteristics was fabricated and tested.
Neue Hirnstimulationsverfahren in der Psychiatrie Die tDCS zur Behandlung der Depression

Zusammenfassung Ziel: Die transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) wird in der Behandlung von Depressionen seit einigen Jahren intensiv erforscht. Es soll untersucht werden, welche Schlüsse die Studienlage über den klinischen Einsatz der tDCS in der Behandlung der Depression zulässt. Material und Methoden: Randomisierte placebokontrollierte klinische Studien, offene Studien, Fallberichte und Übersichtsarbeiten, sämtlich aus der englischsprachigen Fachliteratur, wurden in einer systematischen und umfangreichen Literaturrecherche ausgewertet. Die Übersichtarbeiten wurden hinsichtlich ihrer klinischen Relevanz gewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Datenlage präsentiert sich uneinheitlich aufgrund des heterogenen Patientenkollektivs und der teilweise hohen Therapieresistenz in einigen Studien, die eine allgemeine Aussage über die Wirksamkeit der tDCS bei Depressionen nicht zuverlässig ermöglichen. Schlussfolgerung: Die tDCS gilt als sicher und mit nur geringen Nebenwirkungen behaftet. Die Wirksamkeit der tDCS sinkt mit steigender Therapieresistenz. Psychotrope Medikamente können ihre Wirkung abschwächen oder verstärken. Eine Stimulation mit 2 mA Stromstärke über 20 Minuten Dauer pro Tag über einen begrenzten Zeitraum kann als sicher gelten.
THE EFFECT OF PEER-CORRECTION THROUGH PODCAST ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF SPEAKING SKILL OF IRANIAN IELTS STUDENTS (THE INTERNATIONAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE TESTING SYSTEM)

HUMANITIES ABSTRACT The present study examined the effectiveness of peer-correction through podcast on the improvement of speaking skills of Iranian IELTS students (The International English Language Testing System). A quasi-experimental intact group design was adopted. Participating of 40 Iranian IELTS learners in Advanced level proved that peer-correction via voice recording led to improve speaking skills. The findings indicated that peer-feedback via podcast andvoice recording assisted students to enrich their overall speaking skills. Studying various journals and theses to determine the effects of peer-feedback via podcast on Iranian IELTS learners indicated that peer-correction through podcast greatly support speaking skills.
Method for Real-Time Face Tracking in a Video Sequence

The article presents a method for real-time tracking of face in video sequences. Algorithms for face detection are often very time-consuming and there are problems with their performance in real-time processing of video sequences or video streams. The algorithm presented in the article solves this problem using the optical flow technique. Face detection can be performed in a longer interval (in the order of hundreds of milliseconds) than the FPS of a given video sequence is performed. A special functionality for the evaluation of partial movements in the area of the face being tracked has been developed. The part of the article focused on testing the algorithm shows a high reduction of computation time with the high-accuracy determination of the face position preserved even in frames where the face detection algorithm was not applied. Key-Words: Face Detection, Optical Flow, Tracking, Digital Video Sequence, Image Processing