Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Oscillation Control Loop With Coarse-Precision Mode Transition for Solid-State Resonant Gyroscope

This paper presents a dual mode oscillation control loop design for a solid-state hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG) which uses the hemispherical vibrating shell for detecting the Coriolis force. A desirable control loop needs to be robust, fast, and also to have small driving and frequency noises which may cause significant errors, such as angular random walk. To design a fast and robust oscillation loop for precision gyroscope, a novel approach using a sequential resonance control mode transition is proposed in this paper. The coarse resonance control mode principally consists of phase shifter and limiter, which provides fast startup and tolerant tracking performances. The precision mode uses phase-locked loop for the sake of precision tracking performance. In addition, a theoretical analysis on the designed control loop considering mode transition is presented. In this paper, the tracking performances of the proposed loop are demonstrated via both simulation and experiments. The experimental results using a fabricated HRG verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Palatal myoclonus influenced by neck posture.

who had a broad based gait since she was 45 with pronounced bilateral dysmetria on finger-nose test. On CT (fig) we found marked cerebellar atrophy, mainly of the follia, with fourth ventricle enlargement. All her six sons and daughters who had myotonia, diagnosed on clinical and electromyographic grounds, had no cerebellar signs and two of them had normal CT scans. Heredoataxia and other causes of cerebellar atrophy, such as drugs, alcohol and neoplastic disease were excluded.2 The exact meaning of these findings is unknown.
Treatment recommendations by clinicians in stage I non-small cell lung cancer: better work-up leads to less discussion.

The current standard of care for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [small tumours of <4–5 cm (depending on the previous or latest TNM classification)] without hilar or mediastinal nodal involvement) is surgical resection (preferably VATS lobectomy), as advocated by all professional guidelines (NCCN; ACCP grade 1B and ESMO grade 3A recommendation), if the patient is medically operable and willing to accept surgical risk (1-3).
Effect of Product Packaging on the Sales Volume of Small and Medium Scale Bakery Firms in South East Nigeria

A successful marketing strategy usually depends on a firm’s understanding of its customers, what they need and how it persuades them to buy from it. The study assess the effect of product packaging on the sales volume of small and medium scale bakery firms. Survey research design (with the combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches) was been adopted for this study among 197 management of bakeries in five (5) Eastern States. Data collected using questionnaire was analyzed and presented using linear regression at 5% level of significance. The result of the study revealed that Product packaging has a significantly affect the sales volume of small and medium scale bakery firms in South East of Nigeria (r = .844; F = 449.311; t = 21.197). It was concluded that marketing strategy in form of product packaging adopted in bakery firms influences the performance of small and medium scale bakery firms in south-east of Nigeria and leads to increased sales performance. The management of bakeries within the south east of Nigeria, should engage the services of professionals who are knowledgeable about customer reactions towards images, colours and texts in order to continuously develop and improve on their packaging so as to boost their performance was recommended.
Rangs des relations binaires et semigroupes de relations non ambigus

Dans cette these, nous etudions differentes notions de rang d'une relation binaire. Nous avons retenu trois notions de rang qui s'averent interessantes dans le cadre des monoides de relations et des monoides de relations non ambigus, et une quatrieme notion un peu differente, appelee grade d'une relation. La premiere partie du travail consiste a comparer systematiquement les rangs entre eux. Nous poursuivons l'etude de cas pour les rangs maximaux et nous calculons les valeurs interdites du grade. Dans chaque cas, nous etudions le cas general puis le cas des relations non ambigues. La deuxieme partie etudie le comportement des rangs dans des semigroupes de relations. Nous montrons d'abord l'egalite des rangs des relations regulieres dans les semigroupes de relations non ambigus. La question de l'egalite des rangs des relations non regulieres est resolue grace a plusieurs contre-exemples. Dans la troisieme partie, nous etudions la complexite du calcul des rangs et presentons divers algorithmes lies au calcul du rang. La these est completee par des annexes contenant plusieurs modules, ecrits en c et en pascal que nous avons developpes pour completer des programmes existants (amore) et mener a bien des calculs experimentaux pour tester nos conjectures
Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens

Phagocytosis is a fundamental process of cells to capture and ingest foreign particles. Small unicellular organisms such as free-living amoeba use this process to acquire food. In pluricellular organisms, phagocytosis is a universal phenomenon that all cells are able to perform (including epithelial, endothelial, fibroblasts, etc.), but some specialized cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages) perform this very efficiently and were therefore named professional phagocytes by Rabinovitch. Cells use phagocytosis to capture and clear all particles larger than 0.5 µm, including pathogenic microorganisms and cellular debris. Phagocytosis involves a series of steps from recognition of the target particle, ingestion of it in a phagosome (phagocytic vacuole), maturation of this phagosome into a phagolysosome, to the final destruction of the ingested particle in the robust antimicrobial environment of the phagolysosome. For the most part, phagocytosis is an efficient process that eliminates invading pathogens and helps maintaining homeostasis. However, several pathogens have also evolved different strategies to prevent phagocytosis from proceeding in a normal way. These pathogens have a clear advantage to perpetuate the infection and continue their replication. Here, we present an overview of the phagocytic process with emphasis on the antimicrobial elements professional phagocytes use. We also summarize the current knowledge on the microbial strategies different pathogens use to prevent phagocytosis either at the level of ingestion, phagosome formation, and maturation, and even complete escape from phagosomes.
Analysis of Antecedent and Consequence of Employee Engagement in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Central Java, Indonesia

Nowadays, employee is considered essential in an organization. The active role of the employee should be concerned by practitioners and academicians. This study aimed to investigate the antecedent and consequent variables of employee engagement.Distributive justice, absorptive capacity, and job design were believed as the antecedent factors influencing work engagement. Meanwhile, organizational citizenship behavior was believed as the consequent or output factor of employee engagement. The respondents were 134 employees of SMEs in Central Java, Indonesia.The results showed that distributive justice and absorptive capacity influenced employee engagement, whereas job design had no significant influence on employee engagement.Moreover, employee engagement had an effect on organizational citizenship behavior.
Two Stage Efficiency Analysis of Indian Public and Private Sector Banks in the Context of OBS

Efficiency is the only criteria to grow and sustain in the competitive markets. Due to technological innovations and emerging global market paradigm, any business organization is compelled to perform better than the yester-years. Banking sectors is one of the major players in the national economy and hence identifying the efficient ones and reducing the inefficient ones is a important task. Profitability is concerned, one look at the balance sheets and decide the rate of growth or decline in growth. In the banking context, one has to look in to the Off-Balance Sheet (OBS) items to study the growth pattern, rather than just depending on the balance Sheets alone. In general the OBS items appear as foot notes. Generally the efficiencies of financial institutions are decided based the standard approaches such as Ratio Analysis, a certain extend Regression Analysis. A large number of studies based on OBS in the context of US banking sector and European Banking sectors have been done. A few research articles only available in Indian banking scenario in the context of OBS. This paper aims to bridge this gap. Last ten years good number of articles appeared based on Data Envelopment Analysis to study the efficiencies of various industrial sectors. In this paper, we have deployed the two-stage DEA to study the efficiencies of the public and private sector banks in the context of OBS.
Inducible site‐specific somatic mutagenesis in mouse hepatocytes

To perform ligand-dependent site-specific mutagenesis in the liver, we established transgenic mice expressing the tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ER recombinase (Feil et al., 1996; Brocard et al., 1997) under the control of the human a1-antitrypsin (aAT) promoter (Fig. 1) that is specifically active in hepatocytes (Jallat et al., 1990). Out of 20 transgenic founder animals, three lines expressing Cre-ER in the liver, but not in the other tested organs, were obtained (Fig. 2A and data not shown). The expression pattern of Cre-ER in the liver was analysed in the transgenic line exhibiting the highest Cre-ER expression level. In situ hybridization as well as immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that Cre-ER was expressed in approximately 40%–50% of the hepatocytes (Fig. 2B,C). Mosaic transgene expression using the aAT promoter was previously reported (Ponder, 1996; Veniant et al., 1996). To analyse the recombinase activity, the aATCre-ER transgenic line was crossed with reporter mice containing a loxP-flanked (floxed) allele of a target gene (Feil et al., 1997; Mascrez et al., 1998), and offspring harboring both the Cre-ER and the floxed reporter allele were treated with tamoxifen. Excision occurred for 40%–50% of the reporter allele in the liver and was undetectable in all other organs analysed, as well as in oil-treated animals (Fig. 2D). Thus, recombination occurred in almost all hepatocytes expressing Cre-ER. Taken together, our results show that the aAT-Cre-ER transgenic mice allow conditional site-specific somatic mutagenesis in the liver. The mosaic Cre-ER expression in hepatocytes should be useful to produce genetic chimeras to study gene function during postnatal liver growth, regeneration, and carcinogenesis, and to perform genetic marking studies (Ponder, 1996).
Peers or Police? Detection and Sanctions in the Provision of Public Goods

Sanctions are a common method to discourage free-riding in the provision of public goods. However, we can usually only sanction those who are detected performing the bad act of free-riding. There has been considerable research on the type of sanctions imposed, but this research almost always automatically detects everyone's actions and broadcasts them to the group. This is akin to assuming that a group always has a police force or motivated peer reporting to detect and announce the actions of bad actors. However, in many situations bad acts go undetected and unknown to others. We use a lab experiment to compare public good contribution decisions in an environment where we relax the assumption that detection is automated. The common result that sanctions and the likelihood of detection share an inverse relationship continues to be found in our results. However, free-riders are unwilling to pay for detection when sanctioning is conducted at the group level, because a criminal does not want to fund the police who will catch his bad acts. But, when detection is conducted among peers, free-riders are willing to pay to detect other individuals that free-ride.
Correlation between molecular size of the surface array protein and morphology and antigenicity of the Campylobacter fetus S layer

The correlation between the molecular size of the surface layer protein (S protein) and both structure and antigenicity of the Campylobacter fetus surface layer (S layer) was investigated in several clinical strains and their spontaneous variants which produce S proteins of molecular weights (MW) different from those of the parents. Only three molecular sizes of the S proteins were observed (98, 127, and 149 kDa) in the parental and variant strains. Immunologically, the 98-kDa protein and the 149-kDa protein but not the 127-kDa protein were cross-reactive. Freeze-etching analysis showed that the 98-kDa S protein formed a hexagonal arrangement with a 24-nm center-to-center space and that the S proteins with larger MW (127 or 149 kDa) formed tetragonal ones with an 8-nm center-to-center space. Thus, the MW changes of the S proteins seen in the variant strains were associated with both morphological and antigenic changes in S layer. These observations support the hypothesis that the pattern and antigenicity of the C. fetus S layer is determined by the particular type of S protein. Furthermore, the presence of the two different S layer patterns on a single bacterial cell indicates that multiple S proteins can be produced and expressed in a single cell.
Supercordes, théories conformes et dualité holographique

Cette these se consacre a l'etude de la theorie des cordes, en utilisant une description exacte en termes de theories conformes bidimensionnelles. Dans une premiere partie, nous considerons une famille de solutions exactes de la theorie des cordes appelees modeles de Gepner non-compacts. Nous avons etudie le spectre des cordes fermees et ouvertes dans ces modeles, en mettant l'accent sur les etats localises. Dans une deuxieme partie, nous etudions la quantification de la corde en presence de champs Ramond-Ramond. Nous avons generalise la procedure de Buscher pour obtenir les regles de T-dualite a partir du formalisme des spineurs purs. Nous avons enfin construit l'algebre des courants quantiques dans les modeles sigma sur des varietes de super-groupes.
Mortality due to sepsis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

The survival rate of patients with SLE has improved significantly over the last five decades, from less than 50% at 5 years in 1955 to 85% at 10 years in recent studies [1]. This improvement in SLE survival rates is the result of a continuously increasing survival in the general population, advances in therapeutic modalities, more judicious use of existing therapies (particularly steroids and cytotoxic agents), and the change in prognostic factors. Despite this encouraging progress, patients with SLE followed at various centers in North America have a 2.4 to threefold increased risk of death compared with the general population. This increased mortality is the result of infections, cardiovascular disease, and irreversible damage to target organs [1]. Infections contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of patients with SLE. It is estimated that at least 50% of SLE patients will suffer a severe infectious episode during the course of their disease [2]. Up to 30% of deaths in SLE are due to infections, although a recent mortality study from Hong Kong showed infection to be the main cause of death in 60% of the cases [3]. Similar to infections in the general population, major infections in SLE include common infectious diseases, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cellulites and septicemia. In addition, patients with SLE are susceptible to infections associated with immune suppression, including opportunistic infections, tuberculosis, herpes zoster, as well as disseminated infections. In a study from Sao Paulo, the observed number of deaths due to tuberculosis, septicemia and pneumonia was significantly higher among SLE patients as compared to ageand gender-matched controls [1]. Identifying predictor variables for major infection in SLE is crucial for developing management plans to further improve the survival of SLE patients. A wide range of demographic, clinical and laboratory variables have been associated with increased risk of infections in SLE. These include low socioeconomic status, race, nephritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, high disease activity, damage measures and many others. The degree of immunosuppression and SLE disease are among the most important of those variables [4]. The clinical features of very active SLE may mimic those of infection and occasionally it is difficult to distinguish between SLE infection and SLE flare. Early diagnosis and treatment of a suspected infectious process is highly important since a delay in diagnosis may result in a rapid and fatal course.
The effects of spatial constraints on the evolution of weighted complex networks

Motivated by the empirical analysis of the air transportation system, we define a network model that includes geographical attributes along with topological and weight (traffic) properties. The introduction of geographical attributes is made by constraining the network in real space. Interestingly, the inclusion of geometrical features induces non-trivial correlations between the weights, the connectivity pattern and the actual spatial distances of vertices. The model also recovers the emergence of anomalous fluctuations in the betweenness-degree correlation function as first observed by Guimerà and Amaral (2004 Eur. Phys. J. B 38 381). The presented results suggest that the interplay between weight dynamics and spatial constraints is a key ingredient in order to understand the formation of real-world weighted networks.
A ±9 V fully integrated CMOS electrode driver for high-impedance microstimulation

A high-voltage electrode driver dedicated to intracortical microstimulation is presented. It is intended to significantly increase the voltage swing in order to maintain constant current stimulation through high-impedance electrode-tissue contacts. Charge pumps are used to generate high-voltage supplies of 8.615 V and −8.348 V from 3.3 V with low ripples (less than 1.6 %) while driving a maximal stimulation current of 200 µA. The negative charge pump architecture has been carefully implemented to suppress latch-up triggering. This high-voltage system is fully integrated and has been implemented with the C08E CMOS 0. 8µm 5V/20V process from DALSA Semiconductor. The final output voltage compliance is 14.82 V, allowing constant current stimulation for an implantable in-vivo prototype.
Evaluation of zero tree wavelet coders

Image compression techniques play a vital role in satellite and multimedia applications. Wavelet transforms have received significant attention recently due to their suitability for a number of signal and image compression applications and they have established their viability for the same. This is mainly due to the lapped nature of this transform and the computational simplicity, which comes in the form of filter bank implementations. In this paper, the performance of zero tree wavelet coders such as the Embedded Zero Tree Wavelet (EZW) coder, Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) coder and Packetizable Zero tree Wavelet (PZW) coder for different levels of decomposition, compression ratios and for different percentage of packet losses are evaluated. PSNR is used as the criteria for the measurement of reconstructed image quality.
Fat content of lumbar paraspinal muscles in patients with chronic low back pain and in asymptomatic volunteers: quantification with MR spectroscopy.

PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate the fat content of paraspinal muscles by using proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) and in asymptomatic volunteers matched with regard to age, sex, and body mass index. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the responsible institutional review board. Informed consent was obtained from each patient and each volunteer. Single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy was used to measure the fat content of the lumbar multifidus and longissimus muscles in 25 patients (13 women, 12 men; mean age, 40.5 years) with chronic LBP and in 25 matched asymptomatic volunteers (13 women, 12 men; mean age, 39.8 years). The fat content was also graded semiquantitatively (grades 0-4). The relationship between fat content and LBP duration, LBP intensity, and self-rated disability was assessed (Pearson correlation). RESULTS The mean percentage fat content of the multifidus muscle was 23.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.5%, 29.7%) in patients with chronic LBP and 14.5% (95% CI: 10.8%, 18.3%) in the volunteers (P = .014). The corresponding values for the longissimus muscle were 29.3% (95% CI: 23.4%, 35.3%) in patients with LBP and 26.0% (95% CI: 21.9%, 30.0%) in the volunteers (P = .66). The semiquantitative grading of the fat content of the multifidus muscle was 0 in 12 (48%) of 25 patients and in 14 (56%) of 25 volunteers, 1 in 11 (44%) patients and in eight (32%) volunteers, and 2 in two (8%) patients and three (12%) volunteers. The semiquantitative grading of the fat content of the longissimus muscle was 0 in nine (36%) of 25 patients and 15 (60%) of 25 volunteers, 1 in 13 (52%) patients and nine (36%) volunteers, and 2 in three (12%) patients and one (4%) volunteer. Neither grade 3 nor grade 4 was assigned to any muscle. The grading differences were not significant between patients and volunteers. No significant correlation was found between fat content and pain intensity, pain duration, or self-rated disability. CONCLUSION Proton MR spectroscopy demonstrates a significantly higher fat content in the multifidus muscle in patients with chronic LBP than in asymptomatic volunteers. No difference was detected with a semiquantitative grading system.