Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Public sector wage premium in Poland: can it be explained by structural differences in employment?

The public sector is commonly thought to offer relatively low wages, but neither statistics nor research for different countries justifies this belief. In general, the observed regularity is that the average wage in the public sector exceeds the average wage in the private one. The difference is sometimes quite substantial. The comparison of raw average wages suggesting higher wages for public sector would however be misleading. To a large extent, this premium can be attributed to the differences in the structure of employment in both sectors. The public sector employment is biased towards higher level of education and longer job tenures, which on the grounds of human capital theory explains the observed higher average wages in the public sector. The aim of this article is to find to what extent the observed difference in wages is a result of differentiated structure of employment. We use LFS data for Poland and a Mincerean wage regression with Heckman correction supplemented by a quantile regression to show that, after controlling for structural differences in employment, the public sector wage premium in Poland is negative.
What Sways the Decision to Migrate? An Empirical Analysis of the Argentinean Case

Labour mobility among different regions within a country is known as one of the mechanisms that can contribute to the adjustment of regional labour markets. This will only occur on the condition that the individual’s responses to labour earnings differentials are sensitive enough. This paper provides with empirical evidence for Argentina concerning the analysis of the individual’s decision to migrate, and in particular, the response of the individuals to regional wage differentials, based on individual data. A random effects logit for panel data models the migration decision. The real expected income was found to signigficantly influence the probability of migrating.
Workforce scheduling algorithms at Grolsch Brewery Enschede

In this thesis, a work force scheduling problem at Grolsch Brewery is examined. A number of tasks must be scheduled over a period of days with a certain number of analysts available to obtain an optimal schedule that results in a maximum number of free analysts available each period. Every task and analyst has its own properties, and there are other side constraints that all have to be taken into account. Therefore, as a �rst do-ability study, an integer linear program is formulated and solved with CPLEX as general purpose integer linear programming solver. This turned out to yield good solutions, yet be very time expensive. Moreover, it turned out that cost considerations prohibit the use of commercial solvers. Therefore alternative, heuristic scheduling algorithms have been implemented for the problem. A simulated annealing approach is used for this. A number of variants have been tested, for example different cooling schedules and di�erent initial temperatures. An extensive computational study of those variations leads to an overview of the results that can be expected to be obtained for the practical deployment for the solution of this speci�c problem.
Assessing Potentiality of Support Vector Machine Method in Crude Oil Price Forecasting

Crude oil price forecasting is one of the most important topics in the field of energy research. Accordingly, numerous methods such as statistical, econometrical and intelligent approaches are applied for crude oil price forecasting. In this paper, a typical competitive learning algorithm, support vector machine (SVM), is empirically investigated to verify the feasibility and potentiality of SVM in crude oil price forecasting. For this purpose, five different prediction models, feed-forward neural networks (FNN), auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, fractional integrated ARIMA (ARFIMA) model, Markov-switching ARFIMA (MS-ARFIMA) model, and random walk (RW) model are used in the study. Experimental results obtained show that the SVM model outperforms the other five methods, implying that it is a fairly good candidate for crude oil price forecasting in terms of either one-step prediction or multi-step prediction.
Does a Bachelor's degree pay off? Labor market outcomes of academic versus vocational education after Bologna

Academic education is generally rewarded by employers, but what happens to graduates if they are trained for two years less and have to compete with vocationally trained labor market entrants in a similar field of study? Focusing on Germany, we analyze labor market entries of individuals eligible for higher education, who either opted for newly introduced short bachelor's degrees, or for well-established vocational degrees. Based on Microcensus data, we find that bachelor's degrees from classical universities are associated with higher earnings and more prestigious jobs than initial vocational training degrees, and with higher prestige (but similar earnings) than further vocational degrees. However, bachelor's degrees from universities are also related to higher risks of unemployment or fixed-term employment. Universities of applied sciences, which combine academic and practical training, offer both high earnings and prestigious jobs as well as low risks of unemployment or fixed-term employment at the bachelor's and the master's level. Overall, 'general' academic education provides advantages over vocational education, despite these structural changes. Variations by field of study are reported.
Analysis of air mass dependence of three photovoltaic arrays

The solar spectrum, which is also could be described by air mass factor, has a significant relationship with the performance of photovoltaic modules. The air mass dependence has been investigated by a theoretical method as well as an actual case of three different photovoltaic arrays: polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon and cadmium telluride, at the EUIT Agricola-UPM (Madrid, Spain, 40.4426oN, 3.7295oW). The calculating results show that: AM dependence of poly-Si array is positive because an elevating AM-value indicates a red shift and poly-Si module is more red sensitive; On the contrary, as a-Si module and CdTe module are more blue sensitive, their AM dependences are negative. Furthermore, the outdoor AM dependences of three arrays are corresponding to the calculating results although the thermal annealing effect could be superimposed on spectral effect in the case of a-Si. Keywords: PV system, spectral response, polycrystalline silicon, a-Si, CdTe
Changes in Tropical Cyclone Number in the Western North Pacific in a Warming Environment as Implied by Classical Thermodynamics

Observational analyses show that the equatorial trough in the western North Pacific (WNP) is a well-known origin for tropical cyclones (TC) which have tended to weaken in intensity and decrease in number during the last several decades under global warming. A scientific problem then arises as to why higher sea surface temperatures (SSTs), one of the necessary conditions for typhoon genesis, can cause a weakened equatorial trough and a decreased TC number. In this paper, the WNP is taken as an example to illustrate a possible mechanism for the above-mentioned seemingly counterintuitive phenomena and explain the causality between the unusually heterogeneous pattern of SSTs in a warming environment and TC number in the WNP. This mechanism is based substantially on the second law of thermodynamics.
Discussion of ‘International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): pros and cons for investors’

Professor Ball has done a great service in emphasising the fact that the introduction of IFRS in the different countries will be variously implemented. Whether we refer to the difference between common law and civil law, or to the very powerful forces which respond to national political imperatives or to local incentives, it would be wise to bear Professor Ball’s remarks in mind when observing the different jurisdictions and their stated move towards IFRS. Perhaps a significant proportion of the debates that have arisen when introducing IFRS within the European Union for quoted companies is due to the difference between the common law and the civil law approach. It has been quite interesting to observe how the representatives of these two schools of thought find it difficult to understand how the opposite point of view could be adopted. Nevertheless I would, within Europe and world-wide, take a rather more favourable view of the prospects for IFRS than might be implied by at least some of Professor Ball’s remarks. Throughout his paper, Professor Ball refers first to the internationalisation of financial reporting standards through IFRS, and secondly to the fact that IFRS are based upon transparency and a reflection of economic reality. I believe that the second of these points is overwhelmingly the more important. To put it another way, international standardisation has many virtues, but no virtue as manifest as the fact that all over the world companies are beginning to show in their financial statements something closer to the real economic underlying situation. Perhaps in some markets where accounting is already orientated on the capital markets the improvement may not be large as for example in the UK, where already some commentators have ex-
Terahertz Streaking of Few-Femtosecond Relativistic Electron Beams

Streaking of photoelectrons with optical lasers has been widely used for temporal characterization of attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. Recently, this technique has been adapted to characterize femtosecond x-ray pulses in free-electron lasers with the streaking imprinted by far-infrared and terahertz (THz) pulses. Here, we report successful implementation of THz streaking for time stamping of an ultrashort relativistic electron beam, whose energy is several orders of magnitude higher than photoelectrons. Such an ability is especially important for MeV ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) applications, where electron beams with a few femtosecond pulse width may be obtained with longitudinal compression, while the arrival time may fluctuate at a much larger timescale. Using this laser-driven THz streaking technique, the arrival time of an ultrashort electron beam with a 6-fs (rms) pulse width has been determined with 1.5-fs (rms) accuracy. Furthermore, we have proposed and demonstrated a noninvasive method for correction of the timing jitter with femtosecond accuracy through measurement of the compressed beam energy, which may allow one to advance UED towards a sub-10-fs frontier, far beyond the approximate 100-fs (rms) jitter.
Ứng dụng phương pháp thiết kế và phân tích dữ liệu In silico (ISIDA) trong thiết kế dẫn chất acid hydroxamic mới ức chế HDAC2

Finding a new treatment for cancer is one of the most interested fields for pharmaceutical research worldwide. Enzyme histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), being a member of HDAC class I appear to be an important druggable target.This study focused on rational design of novel HDAC2 inhibitorsusing molecular descriptors derived from ISIDA fragmentor methodology. Quantitative structure-activity relationship was explored to develop mathematical models able to predict HDAC2 inhibitory bioactivity of acid hydroxamic derivatives. Multiple linear regression (MLR) algorithm implemented in STATISTICA 8.0 was used for model development. Consequently 3 QSAR models were obtained showing acceptable performance r> 0.70 for further use. Based on these models 10 important fragments attributing to better inhibitory potency were identified. Finally several novel hydroxamic derivatives were designed and screened for HDAC2 inhibitory activity.
The Nomination and Motivations of Irish Non-Executive Directors of Listed Companies

This paper reports the preliminary findings of an empirical investigation into the process of appointing non-executive directors and their motivations behind the adoption of the position. While research into the board of directors has been extensive, little deliberation has been given to the motives of non-executives who choose to sit on boards (Roberts, 2002). Given that the board of directors has been charged with much more responsibility in recent years and is being held to a higher level of accountability than would historically be expected (Donnelly and Kelly, 2005), the choice of non-executives to continue to take up roles on boards is an interesting one and as such warrants academic attention. Many of the directors interviewed acknowledged that the remuneration received for the position did not fully compensate for the personal liability they exposed themselves to and as such was not an appropriate determinant of motive. Instead nonexecutive directors interviewed presented motivations such as the valid contribution they had to offer, or merely viewed the acceptance of non-executive positions as part of the
WAVEFORM ANALYSIS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF POST-FIRE VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS

Full-waveform is becoming increasingly available in today's LiDAR systems and the analysis of the full return signal can provide additional information on the reflecting surfaces. In this paper we present the results of an assessment on full-waveform analysis, as opposed to the more classic discrete return analysis, for discerning vegetation cover classes related to post-fire renovation. In the spring of 2011 an OPTECH ALTM sensor was used to survey an Alpine area of almost 20 km 2 in the north of Italy. A forest fire event several years ago burned large patches of vegetation for a total of about 1.5 km 2 . The renovation process in the area is varied because of the different interventions ranging from no intervention to the application of re-forestation techniques to accelerate the process of re-establishing protection forest. The LiDAR data was used to divide the study site into areas with different conditions in terms of re-establishment of the natural vegetation condition. The LiDAR survey provided both the full-waveform data in Optech's CSD+DGT (corrected sensor data) and NDF+IDX (digitizer data with index file) formats, and the discrete return in the LAS format. The method applied to the full-waveform uses canopy volume profiles obtained by modelling, whereas the method applied to discrete return uses point geometry and density indexes. The results of these two methods are assessed by ground truth obtained from sampling and comparison shows that the added information from the full-waveform does give a significant better discrimination of the vegetation cover classes.
Geography and social policy: spatial divisions of welfare

The case for a geography of welfare services cannot be made simply by reference to the observation that there are spatial disparities in life chances. One obvious reaction would be that a geographical perspective on this is no more than mapping the outcomes of social policy, and, looking at the British academic literature in that discipline, there is little evidence (at least from citations) that geographical work has had much of an impact. Reviewing work within political science, Pierson (1998) noted that the welfare state was no longer the preserve of sociologists, but did not evaluate the contribution of geographers. Indeed, if Powell and Boyne (2001) are to be believed, geography has had little of value to say about the welfare state. I agree with their point that there has never been an explicit spatial dimension – other than perhaps a vaguely specified notion of territorial justice – to welfare policies. However, they then advance a straw person argument. They are mistaken in suggesting that many geographical studies simply ‘point out that inequality exists’, use ‘simplistic notions of equality’ or assume that all geographical variations constitute defects. Admittedly, their review relies on some rather elderly geographical texts, mainly on the human geography of the UK, but I argue here that much has already been done to rectify the weaknesses they claim to discuss. Indeed they might usefully have consulted Pinch (1997; 1998) which emphasized the role of ‘geographical imaginations’ in understanding the diverse ‘worlds of welfare’ and which makes the case for a ‘spatially-aware social policy’. The aim of this review is to consider both the validity of the argument of Powell and Boyne (2001) and the extent to which Pinch’s challenges have been taken up. First, there is a review of literature on the impacts of globalization on welfare and the character of emergent transitions in the welfare state, raising questions about the character of supranational welfare ‘regimes’ and also about the diversity of political responses within Progress in Human Geography 27,3 (2003) pp. 363–374
Interpolation in waveform space: enhancing the accuracy of gravitational waveform families using numerical relativity

Matched-filtering for the identification of compact object mergers in gravitational-wave antenna data involves the comparison of the data stream to a bank of template gravitational waveforms. Typically the template bank is constructed from phenomenological waveform models since these can be evaluated for an arbitrary choice of physical parameters. Recently it has been proposed that singular value decomposition (SVD) can be used to reduce the number of templates required for detection. As we show here, another benefit of SVD is its removal of biases from the phenomenological templates along with a corresponding improvement in their ability to represent waveform signals obtained from numerical relativity (NR) simulations. Using these ideas, we present a method that calibrates a reduced SVD basis of phenomenological waveforms against NR waveforms in order to construct a new waveform approximant with improved accuracy and faithfulness compared to the original phenomenological model. The new waveform family is given numerically through the interpolation of the projection coefficients of NR waveforms expanded onto the reduced basis and provides a generalized scheme for enhancing phenomenological models.
Les tensions de l’éthique et de l’éducation au cours des dernières décennies

Un retour sur les dernières décennies touchant les rapports entre éthique et éducation ou formation dégage et illustre trois tensions majeures : entre l’hétéronomie et l’autonomie; entre la cohésion sociale et un vivre-ensemble faisant place à l’altérité et, du même coup, à la diversité; entre l’individualisme du chacun pour soi et la solidarité requise pour l’exercice de la responsabilité. Ces trois tensions interpellent à la fois l’éthique et la politique, l’école et l’éducation ou la formation.
ALTERNATIVES FOR THE GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES OF THE SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN HUNGARY

The most fashionable political slogan of present environmental protection is without doubt sustainability and sustainable development. There cannot be any international agreement, European Union policy or Hungarian act without mentioning or referring to the principle of sustainability. Science at the same time is trying to fill this notion with a theoretical and practical content with all available instruments, in order to be able to provide a designable and measurable professional background for environmental policy planning, implementation of regulatory instruments and the monitoring of human activity. The present article is looking for the answer to the question by analysing mostly Hungarian but partly European waste management regulation, what kind of so far not exploited regulation opportunities are available in order to realize a sustainable waste management practice.
Wind tunnel study on power output and yaw moments for two yaw-controlled model wind turbines

Abstract. In this experimental wind tunnel study the effects of intentional yaw misalignment on the power production and loads of a downstream turbine are investigated for full and partial wake overlap. Power, thrust force and yaw moment are measured on both the upstream and downstream turbine. The influence of inflow turbulence level and streamwise turbine separation distance are analyzed for full wake overlap. For partial wake overlap the concept of downstream turbine yawing for yaw moment mitigation is examined for different lateral offset positions. Results indicate that upstream turbine yaw misalignment is able to increase the combined power production of the two turbines for both partial and full wake overlap. For aligned turbine setups the combined power is increased between 3.5 % and 11 % depending on the inflow turbulence level and turbine separation distance. The increase in combined power is at the expense of increased yaw moments on both the upstream and downstream turbine. For partial wake overlap, yaw moments on the downstream turbine can be mitigated through upstream turbine yawing. Simultaneously, the combined power output of the turbine array is increased. A final test case demonstrates benefits for power and loads through downstream turbine yawing in partial wake overlap. Yaw moments can be decreased and the power increased by intentionally yawing the downstream turbine in the opposite direction.
PIO I-II tendencies. Part 2. Improving the pilot modeling

The study is conceived in two parts and aims to get some contributions to the problem of PIO aircraft susceptibility analysis. Part I, previously published in this journal, highlighted the main steps of deriving a complex model of human pilot. The current Part II of the paper considers a proper procedure of the human pilot mathematical model synthesis in order to analyze PIO II type susceptibility of a VTOL-type aircraft, related to the presence of position and rate-limited actuator. The mathematical tools are those of semi global stability theory developed in recent works.
Evaluation of an ADSL Established Link Using Traffic Generators

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) technology transforms the existing classic telephone infrastructure into access means for high-speed data communications. The data rates depend on a number of factors, including the length of the copper line, its wire gauge, presence of bridged taps, and cross-coupled interference. Line attenuation increases with line length and frequency, and decreases as wire diameter increases. For these reasons we need mechanisms to simply evaluate how “good” is a link between Central Office and the user’s ATU-R modem. This paper propose a cost effective solution for rapid evaluation of the quality of an ADSL established link. The developed modules enhance the functionality of the DSLAM and of the ATU-R modem. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 68M10, 68M20.
1-1-2002 MedTextus : An Intelligent Web-Based Medical MetaSearch System

We propose to demonstrate a web-based prototype system that integrates the meta-search approach with existing information analysis and visualization technologies to facilitate concept-based searching behavior over the medical domain. The system distinguishes itself from other meta-search engines through two features. It incorporates the co-occurrence analysis and existing ontology to understand user’s query. It also utilizes the self-organizing map (SOM) to categorize and visualize search results. Categories & Subject Descriptors: H.3. 3 Information Search and Retrieval General Terms: Algorithms, Design