Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural gas and temperature structured a microbial community response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Microbial communities present in the Gulf of Mexico rapidly responded to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. In deep water plumes, these communities were initially dominated by members of Oceanospirillales, Colwellia, and Cycloclasticus. None of these groups were abundant in surface oil slick samples, and Colwellia was much more abundant in oil-degrading enrichment cultures incubated at 4 °C than at room temperature, suggesting that the colder temperatures at plume depth favored the development of these communities. These groups decreased in abundance after the well was capped in July, but the addition of hydrocarbons in laboratory incubations of deep waters from the Gulf of Mexico stimulated Colwellia's growth. Colwellia was the primary organism that incorporated 13C from ethane and propane in stable isotope probing experiments, and given its abundance in environmental samples at the time that ethane and propane oxidation rates were high, it is likely that Colwellia was active in ethane and propane oxidation in situ. Colwellia also incorporated 13C benzene, and Colwellia's abundance in crude oil enrichments without natural gas suggests that it has the ability to consume a wide range of hydrocarbon compounds or their degradation products. However, the fact that ethane and propane alone were capable of stimulating the growth of Colwellia, and to a lesser extent, Oceanospirillales, suggests that high natural gas content of this spill may have provided an advantage to these organisms.
CMOS Phased Array Transceiver Technology for 60 GHz Wireless Applications

Based on the indoor radio-wave propagation analysis, and the fundamental limits of CMOS technology it is shown that phased array technology is the ultimate solution for the radio and physical layer of the millimeter wave multi-Gb/s wireless networks. A low-cost, single-receiver array architecture with RF phase-shifting is proposed and design, analysis and measurements of its key components are presented. A high-gain, two-stage, low noise amplifier in 90 nm-CMOS technology with more than 20 dB gain over the 60 GHz spectrum is designed. Furthermore, a broadband analog phase shifter with a linear phase and low insertion loss variation is designed, and its measured characteristics are presented. Moreover, two novel beamforming techniques for millimeter wave phased array receivers are developed in this paper. The performance of these methods for line-of-sight and multipath signal propagation conditions is studied. It is shown that one of the proposed beamforming methods has an excess gain of up to 14 dB when the line of sight link is obstructed by a human.
Functional ultrasound imaging of the brain: theory and basic principles

Hemodynamic changes in the brain are often used as surrogates of neuronal activity to infer the loci of brain activity. A major limitation of conventional Doppler ultrasound for the imaging of these changes is that it is not sensitive enough to detect the blood flow in small vessels where the major part of the hemodynamic response occurs. Here, we present a μDoppler ultrasound method able to detect and map the cerebral blood volume (CBV) over the entire brain with an important increase in sensitivity. This method is based on imaging the brain at an ultrafast frame rate (1 kHz) using compounded plane wave emissions. A theoretical model demonstrates that the gain in sensitivity of the μDoppler method is due to the combination of 1) the high signal-to-noise ratio of the gray scale images, resulting from the synthetic compounding of backscattered echoes; and 2) the extensive signal averaging enabled by the high temporal sampling of ultrafast frame rates. This μDoppler imaging is performed in vivo on trepanned rats without the use of contrast agents. The resulting images reveal detailed maps of the rat brain vascularization with an acquisition time as short as 320 ms per slice. This new method is the basis for a real-time functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging of the brain.
A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Although numerous studies have shown that the status of the sentinel node is an accurate predictor of the status of the axillary nodes in breast cancer, the efficacy and safety of sentinel-node biopsy require validation. METHODS From March 1998 to December 1999, we randomly assigned 516 patients with primary breast cancer in whom the tumor was less than or equal to 2 cm in diameter either to sentinel-node biopsy and total axillary dissection (the axillary-dissection group) or to sentinel-node biopsy followed by axillary dissection only if the sentinel node contained metastases (the sentinel-node group). RESULTS The number of sentinel nodes found was the same in the two groups. A sentinel node was positive in 83 of the 257 patients in the axillary-dissection group (32.3 percent), and in 92 of the 259 patients in the sentinel-node group (35.5 percent). In the axillary-dissection group, the overall accuracy of the sentinel-node status was 96.9 percent, the sensitivity 91.2 percent, and the specificity 100 percent. There was less pain and better arm mobility in the patients who underwent sentinel-node biopsy only than in those who also underwent axillary dissection. There were 15 events associated with breast cancer in the axillary-dissection group and 10 such events in the sentinel-node group. Among the 167 patients who did not undergo axillary dissection, there were no cases of overt axillary metastasis during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Sentinel-node biopsy is a safe and accurate method of screening the axillary nodes for metastasis in women with a small breast cancer.
(3-Chloropropyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide

The title compound, C21H21ClP+Br−, is the bromide salt of a mixed aryl-alkyl phosphonium cation. C–P–C angles span a range of 107.20 (10)–111.18 (10)°. The non-H atoms of the 3-chloropropyl group adopt a staggered conformation [C–C–C–Cl torsion angle: −72.0 (3)°]. In the crystal, C—H⋯Br contacts connect the entities of the title compound into a double zigzag chain along b. These chains are linked into a supramolecular layer lying parallel to (10-1) by C—H⋯π interactions.
The Effects of Different High-Protein Low-Carbohydrates Proprietary Foods on Blood Sugar in Healthy Subjects.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects on blood sugar concentrations through the calculation of the glycemic score (GS) of 10 different high-protein low-carbohydrates (CHOs) proprietary foods that are commonly used as meals during very low-CHO ketogenic diets or during low-CHO diets. Fourteen healthy females were tested for their glycemic response curve elicited by 1000 kJ of glucose three times within a 3-week period (one test each week) compared with one of 10 test foods once on separate days twice a week. After determining the GS of each food in each individual, the mean GS of each test food was calculated. All test foods, compared with glucose, produced a significantly lower glycemic response. The GS of all test food resulted in being lower than 25 and the difference between the mean glycemia after the intake of glucose (mean 122 ± 15 mg/dL) and after the intake of the sweet test foods (mean 89 ± 7 mg/dL) was 33 mg/dL (P < .001), whereas the difference between the mean glycemia after the intake of glucose and after the intake of savory test foods (mean 91 ± 8 mg/dL) was of 31 mg/dL (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The reformulation of ultraprocessed ready-to-consume foods in a low-CHO, high-protein version can produce a significantly lower glycemic response whilst maintaining the valued ready-to-use format and high palatability demanded by consumers. The low impact on postprandial glycemia and the nutritional characteristics of these proprietary foods makes them useful in both weight control management strategies and in the care management of diabetes.
Effects of prestorage white cell‐reduction of apheresis platelets on platelet glycoprotein Ib and von Willebrand factor

Twenty plateletpheresis components were harvested from 11 healthy donors and stored in polyolefin bags on a horizontal flatbed agitator at 22°C. After 24 hours, white cells were reduced in one aliquot by centrifugation while the other aliquot was stored unaltered. Samples were obtained aseptically from each of these platelets at intervals for up to 10 days, and measurements were made of platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) by both flow cytometry and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, of ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation by impedance aggregometry, and of plasma and platelet von Willebrand factor (vWF) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Storage of platelets under these conditions was associated with only minor decreases in surface GPIb, intraplatelet vWF, and ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation, and no differences were observed between the white cell‐reduced and nonreduced aliquots. No benefit of white cell reduction in such components before prolonged storage is evident in the vWF‐platelet interaction.
Model completeness of valued PAC fields

We present a theorem of Kollár on the density property of valued PAC fields and a theorem of Abraham Robinson on the model completeness of the theory of algebraically closed non-trivial valued fields. Then we prove that the theory T of non-trivial valued fields in an appropriate first order language has a model completion T̃ . The models of T̃ are non-trivial valued fields (K, v) that are ω-imperfect, ω-free, and PAC.
Nuclear factor 1 (NF1) affects accurate termination and multiple‐round transcription by human RNA polymerase III

We have shown previously that the TFIIIC1/TFIIIC1′ fraction interacts specifically with the VA1 terminator regions to affect both termination and initiation/reinitiation of transcription by human RNA polymerase III. Here, we further purified the VA1 terminator‐binding factor to apparent homogeneity and found, by peptide sequence analysis, that it belongs to the NF1 protein family. NF1 interacts specifically with the NF1‐binding sites within the terminator regions of the VA1 gene and with two subunits (TFIIIC220 and TFIIIC110) of human TFIIIC2. Immunodepletion with anti‐NF1 antibodies dramatically decreases transcription from the VA1 template in nuclear extract, and mutation at the NF1‐binding site in the terminator region of the VA1 gene selectively affects multiple‐round transcription (reinitiation of transcription) and termination. In addition, NF1 acts in conjunction with TFIIIC to promote accurate termination by RNA polymerase III on a C‐tailed VA1 template.
The effect of 595 nm pulsed dye laser on superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) have supporting vasculature that could serve as a target for 595 nm pulsed dye laser (PDL). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of repeated PDL treatments on BCCs of superficial and nodular subtypes and of varying diameters.
Evaluar para un mundo en transformación : metodología e instrumentos de actitudes aplicados en el proyecto PIEARCTS

La evaluacion de las creencias y actitudes de estudiantes y profesorado hacia los temas CTS, como indicadores de alfabetizacion cientifica y tecnologica, constituye un problema relevante de la investigacion actual. Sin embargo, este diagnostico no es sencillo por la naturaleza compleja del objeto evaluado y las propias dificultades de validez y fiabilidad de los procedimientos e instrumentos de evaluacion. Los instrumentos empiricamente desarrollados como el Cuestionario de Opiniones sobre Ciencia, Tecnologia y Sociedad (COCTS) han supuesto un avance para resolver estos problemas. Esta comunicacion presenta la metodologia de evaluacion innovadora, propia, comun y contrastada del proyecto de investigacion cooperativo internacional (PIEARCTS), objeto del simposio, donde se describen las dos formas de los instrumentos aplicados, los procedimientos, resultados sobre la validez y la fiabilidad.
Finding spatial outliers in collective mobility patterns coupled with social ties

ABSTRACT Currently the increase in the variety and volume of data sources is demanding new data analytical workflows for exploring them concurrently, especially if the goal is to detect spatial outliers. In this paper, we propose a data analytical workflow for exploring Call Detail Records in conjunction with geotagged tweets. The aim was to investigate how massive data point observations can be analyzed to detect spatial outliers in collective mobility patterns that are coupled with social ties. This workflow consists of analytical tasks that are developed based on the a-priori assumption of two isometric spaces where Natural Language Processing techniques are used to find spatial clusters from geotagged tweets in a Social Space which are later used to aggregate the Call Detail Records generated by antennas located in the Mobility Space. The dynamic weighted centroids that are given by the mean location of the number of calls per hour of all antennas that belong to a particular cluster are used to compute Standard Deviation Ellipses. The longer the period of time a weighted centroid stays outside of the 99.7% probability region of an ellipse, the highest the likelihood that they are spatial outliers. The workflow was implemented for the city of Dakar in Senegal. The results indicate that the further the hourly weighted centroids are skewed from the normal mean of an ellipse, the stronger the influence of a cluster is in finding spatial outliers. Furthermore, the longer the period of time the outliers stays outside of the 99.7% probability region of an ellipse, the highest the likelihood that the outliers are genuine and can be associated to extraordinary events such as natural disasters and national holidays.
Characterization of dense artificial connective tissues generated in a newly designed bioreactor

Dense connective tissues were generated simultaneously by accumulating collagen fibrils and fibroblasts on stainless steel mesh using a bioreactor system that we designed. The advantage of our system is that the artificial connective tissues can be generated within 24 hr in the absence of inhibitors against matrix metalloproteinases. The fibroblasts were suspended in 200 mL of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.5 mg/mL type I collagen. The mixed solution was circulated in two types of bioreactors with cylindrical or vertical configurations to generate luminal or parenchymal tissues, respectively. The gelatin zymography showed that MMPs were first detected in the media after 8 hr from the start of circulation and reached the highest levels on day 3. Glossy white aggregates, 1–3 mm in thickness, depending on the circulation period, accumulated on mesh grids. Fibroblasts were embedded in the network of collagen fibrils and possessed oval nuclei with or without prominent cell processes to form a bipolar shape. We could not observe distended cisternae of the endoplasmic reticula, the Golgi apparatus, or exploded mitochondria, showing hypoxic degenerative alterations of fibroblasts in dense connective tissues. The artificial tissues generated by our system will be useful for biological studies and transplantation therapy.
A Characterization of Probabilistic Inference

Inductive Inference Machines (IlMs) attempt to identify functions given only input-output pairs of the functions. Probabilistic IlMs are defined, as is the probability that a probabilistic IlM identifies a function with respect to two common identification criteria: EX and BC. Let ID denote either of these criteria. Then ID/sub prob/(p) is the family of sets of functions U for which there is a probabilistic IlM identifying every f /spl epsi/ U with probability /spl ges/ p. It is shown that for all positive integers n, ID/sub prob/(1/n) is properly contained in ID/sub prob/(1/(n+1)), and that this discrete hierarchy is the "finest" possible. This hierarchy is related to others in the literature.
Aminipila butyrica gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, arginine-decomposing bacterium isolated from a methanogenic reactor of cattle waste.

A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (FH042T) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms. Cells were stained Gram-positive, straight to gently curved rods with polar flagella. The strain was asaccharolytic. The strain fermented amino acids (l-arginine, l-lysine and l-serine) as growth substrates and produced acetate and butyrate. The optimum temperature for growth was 30 °C and the optimum pH was 6.1-6.8. Oxidase, catalase and nitrate-reducing activities were negative. Hydrogen sulfide was produced. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain FH042T was 44.7±0.2 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c DMA, C17 : 2/C17 : 1ω9c (as summed feature), C16 : 0 DMA and C14 : 0. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as a diagnostic amino acid. The most closely related described species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences was Anaerovorax odorimutans in the family XIII Incertae Sedis in the order Clostridiales of the class Clostridia with sequence similarity of 95.1 %. Based on the distinct differences in phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics between strain FH042T and related species, Aminipila butyrica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the strain. Type strain is FH042T (=JCM 31555T=DSM 103574T).
U-slot cut shorted square microstrip antenna

By cutting U-slot, bandwidth of shorted square microstrip antenna has been increased. Here, detailed analysis which explain the effects of U-slot to achieve wide band response in shorted square patch is presented. U-slot yields tuning of TM3/4,0 mode frequency with respect to shorted patch TM1/4,0 mode, thereby it gives 27% of bandwidth in 2.4 GHz range. Slot also modifies current distribution at second order mode to give broadside radiation pattern over the bandwidth. An insight into the functioning of widely reported U-slot cut shorted square patch antennas in terms of patch resonant modes is provided here. This study will serve as a tutorial to re-design similar antennas at any given frequency.
Documentation of Patient Problems and Strengths in Electronic Health Records

Background: A whole-person representation captures not only patient problems but also patient strengths. To better understand and inform practice of person-centered care and documentation using a whole-person representation, a critical review of literature was conducted of the current state of patient problems and strengths documentation in electronic health records. Methods: The informatics model of Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom is employed to develop this critical review. Two scientific databases were used to conduct a systematic search: CINAHL and Ovid Medline with the following search terms: strength*, problem*, whole person, wellbeing or well-being, electronic health record*, personal health record*, EHR*, and PHR*. 602 articles were returned. All articles were screened through review of titles, abstracts, or full texts. 24 articles were selected for this review. Results: Four themes have emerged from this critical review. They are individual or cross-institutional use of problem-oriented EHRs, extension of problem-based EHRs with other integration, patient-centered integration of the problem-oriented EHR build, and construction of a whole-person representation to include strengths in the EHR documentation. The vast majority of articles focus on problem-based diagnoses and practices. Early reports of strengths documentation were found using a standardized interface terminology and ontology, the Omaha System. Results of two studies demonstrated the feasibility of using the Omaha System for whole-person documentation to capture perception of both problems and strengths. Conclusion: Clinical information in EHRs is typically structured by problem-based diagnoses; however, there is emerging documentation of formalized strengths attributes using the Omaha System, which may promote a holistic approach to clinical practice and documentation using a person-centered, strength-based ontology.
Approche structurelle de quelques problèmes de la théorie des automates

Les travaux developpes dans cette these empruntent trois directions principales. D'une part, une etude attentive des proprietes de l'automate universel d'un langage rationnel a ete menee. Cet automate fini (introduit sous une forme sensiblement differente par J.H. Conway) accepte le langage et a la particularite de contenir l'image par morphisme de n'importe quel automate equivalent. Nous donnons un algorithme pour le construire a partir de l'automate minimal. L'exploitation des proprietes de l'automate universel d'un langage reversible nous a permis de montrer qu'il existe un sous-automate quasi-reversible (a partir duquel on peut facilement construire un automate reversible) de l'automate universel equivalent. De plus, il existe un tel sous-automate sur lequel on peut calculer une expression rationnelle qui represente le langageavec une hauteur d'etoile minimale. D'autre part, nous donnons un algorithme pour decider la sequentialite d'une serie (max,+) ou (min,+) realisee par par un automate sur un alphabet a une lettre. La complexite de cet algorithme ne depend que de la structure de l'automate et non des valeurs des coefficients. Nous presentons aussi un algorithme qui permet de proceder directement a la determinisation d'un automate realisant une serie sequentielle et, si ce n'est pas le cas, a l'obtention d'un automate equivalent non ambigu. Ce dernier point rejoint le resultat de Stephane Gaubert qui montre qu'on peut obtenir une expression (et donc un automate) non ambigue pour n'importe quel serie (max,+) rationnelle sur une lettre. Enfin, nous proposons un algorithme pour construire, a partir d'une expression rationnelle avec multiplicite, un automate qui represente la meme serie. Cet algorithme, qui est la generalisation des travaux d'Antimirov, permet d'obtenir explicitement un ensemble fini d'expressions qui representent un ensemble generateur du semi-module auquel appartiennent les quotients de la serie rationnelle.
The induction of neural tube defects by maternal hyperthermia: a comparison of the guinea‐pig and human

In our recent studies on the effects of maternal hyperthermia on the embryonic guinea‐pig, we have demonstrated two ‘teratogenic windows’ at embryonic days 13 and 21 (E13 and E21). E13 encompasses the period of the closure of the neural groove and anterior neuropore, and E21 the commencement of the cortical plate. The approximate equivalent developmental times in the human are E23‐E25 and E49‐E56 respectively. In the guinea‐pig, maternal hyperthermia at E13 results in a high incidence of neural tube defects (NTD), many open, and associated with other defects such as microphthalmia, and scoliosis or kyphosis. The NTD were most common in the developing hindbrain and all demonstrated considerable infoldings of neural tissue, rosettes of neuroepithelial cells, outpocketings of neural tissue and large cystic cavities beneath the defect. In human examples from the Kyoto Human Embryo Collection, 16 had verified hyperthermic insults at E23‐E25 and all had NTD which showed similar deformities to the guinea‐pig. Most embryos with such gross defects are aborted in the early fetal period in both species.