Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of ZnO Nanocrystals with Cone, Hexagonal Cone, and Rod Shapes via Non‐Hydrolytic Ester Elimination Sol–Gel Reactions

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
Trenger vi fremdeles pride?

Mye er oppnådd gjennom de siste 70 årene med homopolitisk kamp i Norge: Homofile og lesbiske begynte å organisere seg i 1950. I 1972 ble straffeloven mot homoseksualitet opphevet, og i 1982 ble homofili fjernet som sykdomsdiagnose. I 1993 fikk lesbiske og homofile par rett til å inngå registrert partnerskap og i 2008 kom en felles ekteskapslov for homofile og heterofile par. Det ble åpnet opp for adopsjon. I 2016 kom loven om retten til endring av juridisk kjønn, og Kirkemøtet sa ja til likekjønnet ekteskap. Parallelt med disse hendelsene kom økende juridisk beskyttelse. Det siste er en egen lov fra 2013 med formål om å fremme likestilling uavhengig av seksuell orientering, kjønnsidentitet og kjønnsuttrykk. I 2020 kommer Helsedirektoratets nasjonale faglige retningslinje for helsehjelp til personer med kjønnsinkongruens (1). Denne innebærer en viktig kursendring for synet på og eventuell behandling av kjønnsdysfori. Transseksualisme er ikke lenger en psykiatrisk sykdom, men kategoriseres nå som en naturlig del av mangfoldet innen seksuell helse og kjønnsidentitet.
Percepción y atención visual: parámetros necesarios para la competencia en audiodescripción (AD)

Este artículo se fundamenta en aportaciones de las Ciencias Cognitivas que relacionan pensamiento y lenguaje desde una perspectiva conexionista de procesamiento analógico de información con la finalidad de evidenciar la importancia de la relación entre el aprendizaje visual y la formación de audiodescriptores. Así, propone un enfoque interdisciplinar orientado a impulsar el desarrollo de la percepción visual y de la atención dirigida en los cursos de formación de audiodescriptores. Por ello, parte de la vinculación entre los elementos propios del procesamiento de la información en el cerebro y del aprendizaje visual.
Mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in low-income countries

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become an increasing concern to global health organizations, and may pose major challenges to health care systems in the low-income countries due to the absence of equipment, lack of funding, and insufficient training of healthcare workers. Thus, mitigation measures that involve social distances and personal hygiene may be prioritized. The main objective of this review was to propose guidelines steps that will mitigate the spread of novel emerging COVID-19 in low-income countries. The community mitigation may delay the influenza peak to decrease stress on the health-care system thereby decreasing morbidity and mortality. Social distancing and hygienic practices are among the main community mitigation measures recommended during influenza pandemics. People must separate themselves from others and should regularly wash their hands, avoid touching their face, cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and clean frequently touched surfaces. Therefore, in the lack of funding in low-income countries, the public health measures can rely on preventive actions such as social distancing and hygienic practices to mitigate the spread of novel emerging COVID-19. In addition, surveillance, accurate screening, and vaccination remain, whenever possible, effective mechanisms of viral control. Key words: COVID-19, low-income countries, mitigating, personal hygiene, social distancing, corona virus.
Family-external business succession: the case of management buy-ins

Abstract There is often a “hard break” if family businesses undergo a family-external business succession. This break materializes in the way how the company conducts entrepreneurial action as external successors often lead differently and it takes considerable time to take action. This may cause crises that are hard to handle. This article employs entrepreneurship theory to locate the areas where problems occur and conducts multi-case study research to examine the problems by qualitative empirical research. Developed propositions condense the core findings. The findings reveal the tension of family firms in successions as the entrepreneurial tasks range on a high level while neither predecessor nor successor are fully in place. Delegation to skilled, empowered staff or even outsiders is an effective response during pre-succession phases. In the post-succession phase, alert prioritization approaches allow successors to cope with the multitude of entrepreneurial challenges. Organizational routines and management directives support the succession over the different phases.
Assessing the Steady‐State Assumption in Water Balance Calculation Across Global Catchments

It has long been assumed that over a sufficiently long period of time, changes in catchment water storage (ΔS) are a relatively minor term compared to other fluxes and can be neglected in the catchment water balance equation. However, the validity of this fundamental assumption has rarely been tested, and the associated uncertainties in water balance calculations remain unknown. Here, we use long‐term (1982–2011) observations of monthly streamflow (Q) and precipitation (P) for 1,057 global unimpaired catchments, combined with four independent evapotranspiration (E) estimates to infer ΔS and to provide a global assessment of the steady‐state assumption in catchment water balance calculations. Results show that when the threshold for steady state is set to 5% of the mean monthly P, ~70% of the catchments attain steady state within 10 years while ~6% of the catchments fail to reach a steady state even after 30 years. The time needed for a catchment to reach steady state (τs) shows a close relationship with climatic aridity and vegetation coverage, with arid/semiarid and sparsely vegetated catchments generally having a longer τs. Additionally, increasing snowfall fraction also increases τs. The imbalance (ewb) caused by ignoring ΔS decreases as averaging period for water balance calculations increases as expected. For a typical 10‐year averaging period, ewb accounts for ~7% of P in arid, but that decreases to ~3% of P in humid catchments. These results suggest that catchment properties should be considered when applying the steady‐state assumption and call for caution when ignoring ΔS in arid/semiarid regions.
Relationship between MEG global dynamic functional network connectivity measures and symptoms in schizophrenia

An investigation of differences in dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) of healthy controls (HC) versus that of schizophrenia patients (SP) was completed, using eyes-open resting state MEG data. The MEG analysis utilized a source-space activity estimate (MNE/dSPM) whose result was the input to a group spatial independent component analysis (ICA), on which the networks of our MEG dFNC analysis were based. We have previously reported that our MEG dFNC revealed that SP change between cognitive meta-states (repeating patterns of network correlations which are allowed to overlap in time) significantly more often and to states which are more different, relative to HC. Here, we extend our previous work to investigate the relationship between symptomology in SP and four meta-state metrics. We found a significant correlation between positive symptoms and the two meta-state statistics which showed significant differences between HC and SP. These two statistics quantified 1) how often individuals change state and 2) the total distance traveled within the state-space. We additionally found that a clustering of the meta-state metrics divides SP into groups which vary in symptomology. These results indicate specific relationships between symptomology and brain function for SP.
Seismicity on Conjugate Faults in Ölfus, South Iceland: Case Study of the 1998 Hjalli‐Ölfus Earthquake

The Ölfus seismic belt lies at the western end of the ~E‐W sinistral transform shear zone in South Iceland, called the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ), where most seismicity and surface faulting show ~N‐S dextral slip. Unlike the rest of SISZ, seismicity in west Ölfus is predominantly along the ~ENE‐WSW direction. Throughout recorded history, Ölfus has shown an interactive behavior with the Hengill volcanic system that lies northwest of the zone. For instance, the 13 November 1998 Mw 5.1 earthquake in the Hjalli area (west Ölfus) and its ~ENE trending aftershock sequence were likely triggered by the 4 June 1998 Mw 5.4 Hengill earthquake sequence. These events point to an interplay between conjugate ~N‐S and ~ENE‐WSW faults in the region. Relative relocations of earthquakes in Hjalli‐Ölfus from July 1991 to December 1999 (Icelandic Meteorological Office, 2017) are chiefly limited to 4‐ to 8‐km depth along the ~ENE direction with a few distributed on smaller ~N‐S faults. The foreshocks of the November 1998 earthquake occurred on a ~N‐S fault until a day prior to the mainshock when they shifted to the ~ENE direction. The subsequent aftershocks are also mainly restricted to the ~ENE direction. We find that the Mw 5.1 (Global Centroid Moment Tensor moment = 5.43 × 1016 N‐m) Hjalli‐Ölfus earthquake ruptured a near‐vertical ~ENE fault area of 24–40 km2 with left‐lateral average slip of 5–8 cm. Multiple relocations of the mainshock using various constraints indicate that the event likely occurred close to the junction of the conjugate ~ENE‐WSW and ~N‐S faults.
Automated Classification of Lung Diseases in Computed Tomography Images Using a Wavelet Based Convolutional Neural Network

Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been utilized in medical imaging research field and have successfully shown their ability in image classification and detection. In this paper we used a CNN combined with a wavelet transform approach for classifying a dataset of 448 lung CT images into 4 categories, e.g. lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, metastatic lung cancer, and normal. The key difference between the commonly-used CNNs and the presented method is that in this method, we adopt the use of redundant wavelet coefficients at level 1 as inputs to the CNN, instead of using original images. One of the main advantages of the proposed method is that it is not necessary to extract regions of interest from original images. The wavelet coefficients of the entire image are used as inputs to the CNN. We compare the classification performance of the proposed method to that of an existing CNN classifier and a CNN-based support vector machine classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the other two methods and achieve the highest overall accuracy of 91.9%. It demonstrates the potential for use in classification of lung diseases in CT images.
Betulin and betulinic acid in cancer research

Introduction. Terpenes are the largest known class of organic compounds, widely distributed in plants. They are grouped considering the number of isoprene units in their structure; hence, the group consisting of 30 carbon atoms is called triterpenes. These compounds have a wide range of biological features. Objective. The aim of this review was to comprehensively discuss the role of betulin and betulinic acid as potent anticancer agents, including various studies determining their efficiency in cancer treatment and enumerating the types of cancer susceptible to this kind of therapy. State of knowledge. Betulin is a naturally occurring lupane-type pentacyclic triterpene, wildly distributed in plants, especially Betulinaceae. One of its derivatives, formed by oxidation, is betulinic acid. Both compounds are abundantly present in the outer bark of white birch, with betulin forming up to 34% its dry mass and are known for their valuable biological properties, including anti-cancer effect. By inducing the internal apoptosis pathway in cancer cells while sparing normal cells, they are a great help in the treatment of most malignancies, alone or in combination with radioor chemotherapy. Summary. Compounds that have a direct effect on mitochondria are promising experimental anticancer drugs, since they are able to cause cell death in conditions in which conventional therapies, including chemotherapeutics, usually fail. Therefore, mitochondrial targeting agents such as betulin and betulinic acid are a promise of a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human tumours.
Introduction to the Handbook on Tourism and China

Never in history have we seen tourism in China as such a significant economic sector, with such social force and political leverage, and with China in such a ‘grand’ context of tourism in the world. Juxtaposing tourism with China seems absurd but the relationship between tourism as a socio-economic phenomenon and China as a sovereign country and culture among other denominations and interpretations, does require further critical thinking. Tourism has been understood from multiple perspectives and has different meanings for different knowledge stakeholders if put in the context of academic knowledge creation and dissemination. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism as:
Promoting effects of SO42− on a NiMo/γ-Al2O3 hydrodesulfurization catalyst

This study details the promoting effects that SO42− has on a NiMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst prepared using NiSO4 (CAT-Sulf) as a nickel precursor, compared with the Ni(NO3)2 (CAT-Nit) and the industrial NiMoP-complex (CAT-NiP) after 600 °C calcination. The three catalysts were characterized by virtue of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry mass spectrometry (TG-MS), N2 adsorption–desorption, hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity was assessed using dibenzothiophene (DBT) as the feedstock. On the one hand, compared with CAT-Nit, the SO42− anions could be anchored on the catalyst surface due to their thermal stability and strong interaction with Al2O3, while few NO3− anions could be found. These anchored SO42− anions weaken the metal–support interaction and hinder the formation of NiAl2O4, thereby facilitating both the sulfidation of Mo species and the decoration of Ni atoms and generating more Ni–Mo–S active sites. On the other hand, compared with CAT-NiP, the residual SO42− anions do not impair the support properties and CAT-Sulf maintains excellent textural structure, i.e. high specific surface area and a proper pore structure. Therefore, CAT-Sulf exhibits the highest dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization (DBT-HDS) activity out of the three catalysts. Moreover, these anchored SO42− anions effectively hinder the aggregation and growth of the active phases, thus guaranteeing a catalyst with high metal dispersion and good stability. Finally, using the inferior residual oil as a feedstock, the stability of CAT-Sulf was also assessed compared with an industrial catalyst (CAT-Ref), and the results show that during 1500 h on stream, its HDS ratio is maintained at around 78%, while that of the industrial catalyst (CAT-Ref) declined from ca. 82% to ca. 71% after 1200 h, indicating that CAT-Sulf exhibits much better stability and shows excellent industrial potential. The anchored SO42− anions simultaneously endow the NiSO4-derived catalyst with excellent physical structure, high intrinsic activity and good stability, indicating that it might be a simple and effective method to balance the activity and stability of the HDS catalyst using thermostable nickel precursor salts.
Efeitos socioeconômicos do cultivo de eucalipto no desenvolvimento de municípios produtores da Bahia, Brasil

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo analisar os efeitos socioeconômicos do cultivo de eucalipto no desenvolvimento de municípios produtores, no estado da Bahia, Brasil. Como metodologia, procedeu-se a uma análise panorâmica recente da produção de madeira em tora para produção de papel e celulose nos principais estados brasileiros produtores; fez-se caracterização da silvicultura no estado da Bahia; identificaram-se as possíveis influências da atividade em estudo sobre a economia dos municípios estudados, por meio de dados econômicos e da estrutura agrária; analisaram-se as possíveis transformações sociais nos municípios estudados, por meio de dados socioeconômicos. De acordo com os resultados, nota-se que a expansão da atividade em questão gerou maior concentração de terras em função do aumento no número de grandes propriedades rurais, migração da população rural para espaços urbanos, e que não foi capaz de propiciar benefícios para a população desses locais, sob o ponto de vista dos indicadores socioeconômicos analisados
Sustainable Synthesis of Epoxidized Cynara C. Seed Oil

The use of non-edible vegetable oils to produce oleochemicals has been attracting more attention in recent years. Cardoon seed oil, derived from the Cynara C. plant, growing in marginal and contaminated lands, represents a non-edible alternative to soybean oil to obtain plasticizers through epoxidation reaction. The use of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant and in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst allows overcoming the limits of epoxidation with peracids. γ-alumina has been shown to have an active catalyst epoxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide, mainly using acetonitrile as solvent. However, the use of acetonitrile as solvent is widely debated due to its hazardous character and health issues. For these reasons, the influence of solvent on the reaction was studied in this work to find a more environmentally friendly and stable solvent. The study showed that the epoxidation reaction takes place also in the absence of solvent although with lower selectivity. The type of solvent influences both the epoxidation and decomposition reactions of hydrogen peroxide. γ-valerolactone was found to be the most promising solvent for cardoon oil epoxidation reaction. This finding represents a noteworthy novelty in the field of epoxidation of vegetable oils with hydrogen peroxide, opening the way to greener and cleaner process. Finally, an optimization study showed that the most effective molar ratio between hydrogen peroxide and double bonds for better selectivity was 4.5 and the need to use the highest possible initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide (approximately 60 wt. %).
Artificial intelligence and the world of work, a co‐constitutive relationship

The use of intelligent machines—digital technologies that feature data‐driven forms of customization, learning, and autonomous action—is rapidly growing and will continue to impact many industries and domains. This is consequential for communities of researchers, educators, and practitioners concerned with studying, supporting, and educating information professionals. In the face of new developments in artificial intelligence (AI), the research community faces 3 questions: (a) How is AI becoming part of the world of work? (b) How is the world of work becoming part of AI? and (c) How can the information community help address this topic of Work in the Age of Intelligent Machines (WAIM)? This opinion piece considers these 3 questions by drawing on discussion from an engaging 2019 iConference workshop organized by the NSF supported WAIM research coordination network (note: https://waim.network).
Nutrition in tropical aquaculture : essentials of fish nutrition, feeds, and feeding of tropical aquatic species

This book is intended to teach undergraduate students the essentials of aquaculture nutrition, feed formulation, and feeding management. It serves as a reference book for researchers in aquaculture, aquaculturists, fish farmers, and aquaculture nutritionists. For the basic understanding of the materials presented, it is essential that the students, teachers, and researchers have a good background in chemistry, fish biology, or fisheries. The book covers the subject areas of known nutrient requirements, effects of nutrient deficiencies on various aquatic species, nutrient sources, digestibility, and digestive physiology. Feed formulation, processing and storage, evaluation and quality control, feeding management, as well as the economics of feeding are included. Aspects on feeds and feeding related to the conservation of the aquatic environment are also dealt with. Each chapter of this book has common features such as an introduction, basic concepts, and a summary. Both the basic and practical aspects of fish nutrition are included to give the students and allow the readers who are unfamiliar with the topics a clear understanding and knowledge of these concepts. Study questions at the end of each chapter serve as a guide to summarize and impress on the students the salient points of the subject matter in each chapter. To easily comprehend the subject matter, there is an appendix containing the analytical methods and a glossary of technical terms. The users particularly the students are encouraged to broaden their knowledge by referring to the list of references and suggested readings at the end of each chapter. URI http://hdl.handle. net/10862/3324 Citation Millamena, O. M. , Coloso, R. M. , & Pascual, F. P. (Eds.). (2002). Nutrition in tropical aquaculture : essentials of fish nutrition, feeds, and feeding of tropical aquatic species. Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. http://hdl.handle. net/10862/3324