Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conjoined Twins: Does Cardio-Vasculogenesis Determines the Time and Type of Twinning?

Background: Fission or fusion theory for conjoined twinning has been proposed in the past, but they fail to predict the exact timing and type of twinning. Aim: To study the cardio-vascular anatomy of conjoined twins and to study its relationship with the type and the timing of twinning. Methods: The cardio-vascular anatomy of 3 cases of conjoined twins [epigastric heteropagus (2), dicephalous parapagus (1), thoraco-omphalopagus (1)] was studied in detail using various modalities like echocardiography, CT angiography (CTA) and autopsy findings. Results: In the case of epigastric heteropagus twins, CTA revealed the blood supply to the parasite was arising from the left Subclavian artery. In dicephalus parapagus dibrachius dipus twins, the echocardiography and CTA revealed that the twins had a complex cardiac anatomy and 2 separate arches of Aorta but a common thoracic and abdominal Aorta. The CTA and autopsy of thoracoomphalopagus twins showed a fused heart with a single large atrium, common Inferior Vena Cava, 2 fused ventricles and their corresponding well developed arches of Aorta. The degree of cardio-vasculogenesis was in coherence with the degree of organogenesis. The probable timing of fission/fusion could be traced to the timing of inception of the respective cardio-vasculogenesis. Conclusion: The degree of cardio-vasculogenesis probably determines the timing of twinning and hence governs the type of twinning in conjoined twins.
Public Health Practice and the Best Available Evidence

s, best available evidence, clinical trials, community-based participatory research, cost-benefit, cost-effective, cost minimization, cost utility, effectiveness, efficacy, ethics, evaluation research, evidence-based public health practice, experimental group, experimental studies, 24–●–EVIDENCE-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE health services research, Healthy People, impact, implementation evaluation, needs, observational research, outcomes, participatory evaluation, process, program, public health, qualitative, quantitative, research, research ethics, scientific method, study quality Evidence-based public health practice is characterized by it use of the best available evidence to make informed public health practice decisions. It is a means of identifying community needs, tracking down information from evaluation research to find potentially effective programs, assessing the quality of the research or evidence supporting the programs, and evaluating the impact of introducing the programs into practice. Evaluation research is a systematic method of assessing the process, outcomes, impact, and costs of a program or intervention. Scientific evaluations aim to produce valid research evidence about the effectiveness of programs and practices. Evidence-based public health uses evidence from evaluation research to guide decision making about programs. Evaluators do the research. Evidence-based public health practitioners review the research requiring them to have skills in evaluating study quality. In addition to evaluation research, practitioners use data and methods from health services research and epidemiology.
Job Shop Scheduling With Alternate Process Plan by Using Genetic Algorithm

-Scheduling in a job-shop system is a challenging task, however it costly and time consuming. Successful implementation of automated manufacturing system highly depends on effective utilization of resource. Efficient scheduling algorithm for alternate process plan may increase the throughput rate, utilization of machine and guarantee a reasonable return of investment. In this paper, the objective is to prepare an alternate model with minimum makespan value by using genetic algorithm. For this makespan value to solve the various job sequencing problem, utilization of machine, cost of machine for a production shop that is characterized by alternate routing and flexible machines also investigates an optimization for scheduling job in a just-in-time environment. All jobs can be processed through alternate routing to be processed in a specified order of operation. Each operation has to be processed on one of a set of resources (e.g. machine) with possibly different efficiency and hence processing time. The objective is to minimize the make span of the job, mean flow time, utilization of machine, Average utilization of machine.
Development of Computational Tools for Metabolic Engineering

: Metabolic engineering involves construction and optimization of biosynthetic pathways to maximize yields of desired products for various biochemical applications. The fundamental engineering principles in synthetic biology include the development of tools and techniques for understanding and modification of the DNA, RNA and proteins. Genetic circuits, composed of complex networks of interacting molecular machines, enable living systems to sense their dynamic environments, perform computation on the inputs and formulate appropriate outputs. Novel genetic circuits with useful applications have been constructed through rational design and forward engineering by the synthetic biologists. Diverse paradigms have emerged for designing, modeling, constructing and characterizing of artificial genetic systems. The utilization of databases and computational tools may predict the designs to achieve the desired product in metabolic engineering. Moreover, bottom-up engineering of synthetic microbial consortia with novel functions is also becoming an attractive alternative to the engineering of single-species systems. This paper focuses on computational tools and models used in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology for designing of genomes, microbial strains and/or cellular functions.
A Survey on Power OOppttiimmiizzaattiioonn ooff LLiinnkk PPrroottooccooll iinn MMIIMMOO bbaasseedd oonn CCooggnniittiivvee RRaaddiioo

The achievable rate of MIMO cognitive radio network when one primary user (PU) and multiple secondary users (SU) are present, where the latter adopt dirty paper coding (DPC) to cancel the interference of PU’s transmission at their receivers. We formulate an optimization problem to maximize the achievable rate of the system under the constraints of power limits of each transmitter, where the requirement of not affecting PU’s transmission rate is also incorporated. An algorithm is proposed to jointly determine the inﬂation factors in DPC method and the input covariance matrix of each SU. Simulations show that the proposed problem achieves better achievable rate when compared with the existing results without compromising PU’s transmission rate. Using location base protocols try to improve avaibility rate of SU (secondary user). and use threshold approach to allow certain node which take a part in CR.
A Technical Review on Design Challenges of 60 GHz Wireless Communication System

60-GHz wireless communication system will become the world’s first massively wireless broadband millimetre wave propagation system. The data rates and bandwidth provided by this band are excellent. If we add all bandwidths currently used by all wireless communication systems then it will represents only a small percentage of total bandwidth available on this 60 GHz band. Therefore it can be a good solution for future 5G technology for mobile communication. But this band will face some design challenges which makes this band difficult to implement in consumer market. In this paper, we have presented literature review of papers which have shown different design challenges faced by 60 GHz band. Some major design challenges of 60 GHz band are high path loss, rapid variations in the channel, high power requirements, and shadowing. Some path loss models are also given here for calculating path loss for both LOS and NLOS cases.
Identify Handwriting Individually Using Feed Forward Neural Networks

The paper justifies the necessity to use the hand writer identification using the feed forward neural networks. Identifying the authors of a handwritten sample using automatic image-based processing methods is an interesting pattern recognition problem with direct applicability in the legal and historic documents. Leading a worrisome life among the harder forms of biometrics, the identification of a writer on the basis of handwriting samples still remains a useful biometric modality, mainly due to its applicability in historical and the forensic field. large variability of the behaviour-derived biometric templates. Leading a worrisome life among the harder forms of biometrics, the identification of a person on the basis of handwriting samples still remains a useful biometric modality, mainly due to its applicability in the forensic field. II. AN INTRODUCTION IN FEED FORWARD NEURAL NETWORK The feed forward neural networks are built from interconnected artificial neurons (processing units), grouped in three or more layers. The usually neurons used are McCulloch-Pitts [5]. Every connection has associated a real numerical value, named weight or the strength of connection shown in Figure 1.
Mentholated cigarettes or weight problems, which came first

Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI ≥30), has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and it is one of the nation’s leading public health challenges. Obesity rates for males and females in the U.S. had been similar, however,1–3 more recently just over 40 percent of women are obese, compared to 35 percent of men. These rates are of high concern when compared to the 15 percent of women worldwide. Aggressive tobacco industry advertising have resulted in over 20 million female smokers in the United States.4 For years, the tobacco industry has exploited the belief that smoking is helpful in controlling weight, to influence commencement and continuation of smoking.1-3 Adults do not only use smoking as a method for weight control; adolescents who have dieted or are constantly concerned with weight are also more likely to start smoking.5–7 Notably, these observations were gender and specific, significant among females, but not among males.5–7
Evaluation of AgNOR count in cytological smears of chronic bidi and hookah smokers

Oral Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for over 90% of oral cancer cases and a small percentage of these cases are thought to develop from potentially malignant disorders. Main etiological factor associated with OSCC is smoking. It’s a well known fact that in chronic smokers nuclear alterations are evident. There is a correlation between nucleolar function, size and cell doubling time in human cancer cell lines, which has shown the importance of nucleus in tumor pathology. The nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are ribosomic DNA loops which can be clearly visualized at the light microscopic level by using a silver reaction which stains the acidic, non histonic proteins present in the nucleus. AgNOR is useful in estimating nuclear proliferative activity and it acts as a marker of pre-malignant and malignant change. The aim of this study is to compare the proliferative activity by AgNOR count in cytosmears of chronic bidi and hookah smokers in a section of Haryana population.
Alefacept Treatment in the Setting of Transplantation

Alefacept is a dimeric human fusion protein that consists of the CD2-binding portion of leukocyte-function antigen-3 linked to the crystallizable fragment region of immunoglobulin G1. Alefacept exerts its action via dose-dependent depletion of memory T-cells by apoptosis and inhibits T-cell activation. Alefacept has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat adults with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. It has also been used off-label in the setting of refractory acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. More recently, two phase II studies have been conducted on de novo primary kidney transplant patients. In these studies, maintenance immunosuppression relied on tacrolimus and steroids, with or without mycophenolate mofetil in one of them. Alefacept (or placebo) was then given as an adjunct induction drug within the first 12 weeks posttransplantation. Compared to the placebo, alefacept did not significantly decrease the rate of biopsy-proven acute rejection within the first six months posttransplantation, although the absolute number of circulatory memory T-cells was significantly decreased. However, in 2011 the sponsor Astellas decided to stop the development of alefacept in the setting of kidney transplantation. This is a pity because alefacept may have been of potential benefit to sensitized patients in whom the blockade of memory cells is of utmost importance. (Trends in Transplant. 2014;8:35-40)
The Impact of Fraud Management Activities on Organization Survival in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of fraud management activities on organizational survival in Nigeria. The study used the primary source of data collection through the use of a well structured questionnaire which was administered to 270 respondents. The Wilcoxon test for related samples was used to analyze the data obtained in the study. The findings of this study revealed that the major measures of fraud management in Nigeria are deterrence measures, prevention measures, detection measures, mitigation measures, analysis measures, investigation measures and prosecution measures. It was found that the measures of fraud management have significant impact on fraud management in Nigeria with a Wilcoxon test value of 55.00 and a p-value of 0.00 which is less than α=0.05. The study identified deterrence measures, prevention measures, detection measures, mitigation measures, analysis measures, investigation measures and prosecution measures as the major fraud management activities in Nigeria. The findings showed that there is need for effective implementation of fraud management activities in organizations in Nigeria since a Wilcoxon test value of 66.00 and a p-value of 0.08 which is greater than α=0.05. This result implies that effective implementation of fraud management activities in the organizations does not significantly impact on fraud management in the organizations. Further findings showed that the response of the study indicated a very high degree of internal reliability with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 92.5%.
Color Image Segmentation Using Brightness and Color Fusion

- Image segmentation is an important technology in image processing. This paper presents a color image segmentation method aimed at detection of colors. To segment color objects in the RGB color image, a novel approach, namely brightness and color fusion framework is proposed which detecting colors from the background. Experimental results are reported to express the best accuracy level and efficiency of the proposed approach.
MANET Security Issues

Summary When a routing protocol for manet Networks (mobile and ad hoc networks) does a route discovery, it does not discover the shortest route but the route through which the route request flood traveled faster. In addition, since nodes are moving, a route that was the shortest one at discovery time might stop being so in quite a short period of time. This causes, not only a much bigger end-to-end delay, but also more collisions and faster power consumption. In order to avoid all the performance loss due to these problems, this paper develops a technique to periodically discover shortcuts to the active routes that can be used with any destination vector routing protocol. It also shows how the same mechanism can be used as a bidirectional route recovery mechanism. [1] We consider the problem of incorporating security mechanisms into routing protocols for ad hoc networks. Canned security solutions like IPSec are not applicable. We look at AODV in detail and develop a security mechanism to protect its routing information. We also briefly discuss whether our techniques would also be applicable to other similar routing protocols and about how a key management scheme could be used in conjunction with the solution that we provide. [2]
Carbon Nanotube Based Paper Battery And Lithium Ion Battery

Carbon nanotube is basically defined as a carbon atom which are present in a layer of graphene encapsulated in the shape of cylinderOne carbon atom of a graphene is symmetrically bound to the other three carbon atom, one atom thick which then form a hexagonal ring. The carbon nanotube is classified into two groups – single-walled and multi-walled. Though the carbon nanotubes are generally categorized into these two groups, each group can consist of a complex mixture of tubes of varying length, diameter, crystalline structure, surface chemistry, etc. It can be also distinguished in terms of characteristics like chemical, mechanical and electrical. The paper battery based on carbon nanotube provides both long-term steady power production as well as bursts of energy.Because the paper battery based on carbon nanotube can function both as a high-energy battery and super capacitor. Carbon nanotubes can be used as anode for lithium ion battery. Carbon nanotubes can be used as anode for lithium ion battery It has displayed great potential as anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of their strong structural, mechanical, and electrical properties. The opened structure and enriched chirality of CNTs can help to improve the capacity and electrical transport in LIBs made by using carbon nanotube. Therefore, the modification of CNTs and design of CNT structure provide strategies for improving the performance of CNT-based anodes design.
Survey and Comparative Analysis of SQL Injection Attacks, Detection and Prevention Techniques for Web Applications Security

— Web applications witnessed a rapid growth for online business and transactions are expected to be secure, efficient and reliable to the users against any form of injection attacks. SQL injection is one of the most common application layer attack techniques used today by hackers to steal data from organizations. It is a technique that exploits a security vulnerability occurring in the database layer of a web application. The attack takes advantage of poor input validation in code and website administration. It allows attackers to obtain illegitimate access to the backend database to change the intended application generated SQL queries. In spite of the development of different approaches to prevent SQL injection, it still remains a frightening risk to web applications. In this paper, we present a detailed review on various types of SQL injection attacks, detection and prevention techniques
Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnancy with Special Reference to HIV Positive Antenatal Women

Bacteriuria is a condition where the significant presence of bacteria in the urine. Pregnancy women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus are likely to be more predisposed to urinary tract infections due to the suppression of their immunity and tend to encourage the growth of pathogens. The present study was aimed to evaluate the symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy with special reference to HIV positive antenatal women. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Mamata Medical College and General Hospital, Khammam. Total number of antenatal women attending Mamata General Hospital (MGH) included 200, and 36 pregnant women were involved in the study who were admitted as inpatient in the antenatal ward for HIV positive women, at Government General Hospital (GGH) Khammam, T.S. Results: In the present study, 128 out of total 236 (50%) pregnant asymptomatic women belong to the age group of 26 to 30 years. Out of 100 symptomatic pregnant women (35%) revealed significant bacteriuria. Whereas, 9.56% asymptomatic pregnant women revealed significant bacteriuria. Significant bacteriuria was observed in 48 pregnant women out of the total 236 cases and pyuria was observed only in 56 pregnant women out of total 236 cases. Five symptomatic and two asymptomatic HIV positive antenatal women urine samples revealed significant bacteriuria with bacterial counts of more than 105 CFU/ml and all their CD4+ counts varied between 260/mm3 to 350/mm3. Conclusion: Screening for bacteriuria is important during pregnancy, as this could lead to pyelonephritis and adverse obstetric out comes such as prematurity, low birth weight and higher foetal morality rates.
Study of Social Network Analysis using Big Data and Semantic Web Technologies

—Now days, important and popular topic among researchers is social network analysis. Because data from the social networks & another platforms are increasing tremendously and it is creating more interest in researches for social network analysis after introducing technologies like big data and semantic web technologies. For processing this large amount of data easily efficiently and effectively web technology plays an important role. Various different data processing frameworks are being used by the data researcher for analyzing, queering and integrating the data sets which are present on different places. But one problem was identified that the data which is available is not structured. It was semi structured or unstructured. Researchers are now finding the new methods to process the data in the cost effective ways. New technologies are required for SNA with integration of big data and semantic web technologies to improve the performance of existing methods and for developing new methods. This paper provides summarized information about recently developed SNA systems which will help researchers to find new ways. This paper presents the study of recently developed systems which will help the researchers for getting the directions.
Journal of Gastrointestinal Disorders and Liver Function

Aim: Food retention is a frequent problem in patients who have previously undergone subtotal gastrectomy, which often makes endoscopy unsuccessful. This study evaluated the efficacy and patient tolerance of a new preparation regimen for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy in patients who have undergone subtotal gastrectomy. Methods: A total of 135 patients with gastric cancer who underwent subtotal gastrectomy were enrolled for the study. They were divided into 3 groups: group A (40 patients) was used with mosapride with low-volume water intake; group B (40 patients) was used with large-volume water intake; group C (55 patients) underwent prolonged fasting before UGI endoscopy. The degree of food residue in the remnant stomach was classified according to endoscopic scoring system by blinded examiners. The tolerance of the new endoscopy preparation was assessed via questionnaires. Results: The mean residual food scores were lower in group A than in group C (0.35 ± 0.58 vs. 0.87 ± 0.84, p = 0.002). The group with the highest value of negative food residue was group A (70.0%), followed by group B (65.0%), and finally group C (40.0%). Tolerance to the preparation was higher, although not significantly different, in group B compared to group A (80% vs. 60%, p = 0.149). Conclusions: A combination of mosapride with low-volume water intake could be a more appropriate preparation for endoscopy in patients who have undergone subtotal gastrectomy. *Corresponding Author: Tae Oh Kim, M.D. Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82.51-797-0221; Fax: +82.51-7970298; E-mail: kto0440@paik.ac. kr Received Date: February 03, 2017 Accepted Date: February 28, 2017 Published Date: March 10, 2017 Citation: Tae Oh, Kim. , et al. Efficacy of a New Preparation Regimen with Mosapride and Low Volume of Water Intake for Endoscopy Preparation in Postgastrectomy Patients. (2017) J Gastrointest Disord Liver Func 3(1): 8993. J Gastrointest Disord Liver Func | volume 3: issue