Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Incidence of Progression to Chronic Renal Insufficiency in Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH).

PNH is a debilitating and life-threatening clonal hematopoietic disease in which lysis of PNH RBCs manifests with chronic hemolysis, anemia and thrombosis. Incidence of progression to chronic renal insufficiency (CRI; GFR 2 ) has not been previously examined in a controlled trial. Renal damage in PNH has been associated with chronic hemolysis and subsequent hemosiderosis and/or microvascular thrombosis. A previous study showed that 9/9 hemolytic PNH patients had renal hemosiderin by MRI [Hill et al., 48 th Annual ASH meeting, Dec. 9, 2006]. All patients entering into the recently completed eculizumab multinational studies in hemolytic PNH patients (Phase 2, TRIUMPH, SHEPHERD; n=195) were screened for CRI and for a previous clinical diagnosis of CRI and acute renal failure (ARF). The median GFR was 81 ml/min/1.73 m 2 (63–97). The incidence of CRI at screening was 21% (40/195) with 10/40 patients having severe CRI (GFR ≤30ml/min). Of 195 patients, 7% (14/195) had previously experienced episodes of ARF which showed at least partial recovery and 21% (3/14) of these patients subsequently developed CRI. Only 25% (10/40) of patients with pre-study CRI had been clinically diagnosed with CRI. Most patients (68%, 27/40) who developed CRI had not previously been clinically diagnosed with either ARF or CRI. Median disease duration and median time from first thrombosis to study entry were increased in CRI patients vs non-CRI patients (8.8 yrs vs 5.1 yrs and 4.6 yrs vs 3.2 yrs, respectively). Proportions of patients with PNH for 10 or more years and 10 or more years since first thrombosis were increased in CRI patients vs non-CRI patients (48%, 19/40 vs 28%, 43/155, P=.02; and 13%, 5/40 vs 3%, 5/155, P=.03, respectively). Eculizumab was safe and well-tolerated in patients with CRI including 1 patient receiving dialysis, with AEs similar to those in patients without CRI. Eculizumab was associated with a reduction in median LDH from 1783 to 331 U/L (P 2 ) and 10% of patients were no longer classified as CRI, with eculizumab treatment. For the 14 patients with ARF pre-eculizumab, only one patient was reported with ARF during eculizumab (P
EFFECTS OF INSULIN AND 2,4-THIAZOLIDINEDIONE ON BOVINE NEUTROPHIL FUNCTION IN VITRO

The dairy cow experiences a period of immunosuppression around the time of calving that contributes to the increased incidence and severity of infectious diseases observed during this period. This reduction in immune capacity is due in part to the impairment of neutrophil function, a key component of the innate immune system. In fact, the success of the host defense mechanisms against infection depends on the ability of neutrophils to reach the site of the infection, recognize, engulf and ultimately destroy the pathogen using several mechanisms such as the generation and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the recently described neutrophil extracellular traps or NETs. The alteration in some of these functions and the overall killing ability of neutrophils during the periparturient period has been widely described. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the period of immunosuppression are not completely elucidated. Interestingly, the impairment of these immune defense mechanisms coincides with the profound metabolic changes associated with parturition and lactogenesis. Changes in several hormones and metabolites have been proposed to be the cause of the reduction in neutrophil function, but the effect of insulin on the functional capacity of these cells has not been investigated. Not only does the concentration of plasma insulin fall as parturition approaches, but also the animal experiences a period of impaired insulin action, termed insulin resistance, during this same time-frame. Therefore, we isolated circulating neutrophils from periparturient and midlactating cows and incubated them with insulin alone or in combination with the insulin-sensitizing agent 2,4thiazolidinedione (TZD). Subsequently, we measured the total, extracellular, and intracellular generation of ROS, NETs release, phagocytic and killing ability. Insulin did not improve any of the parameters used to assess neutrophil function. In contrast, TZD had a potent inhibitory effect on the total ROS generation, despite an increase in extracellular superoxide anion production. Surprisingly, TZD did not alter the ability of neutrophils to phagocytose and/or kill Staphylococcus aureus during an in vitro coculture. Results suggest that TZD can reduce the oxidative stress that neutrophils experience during their respiratory burst and diminish the damage that ROS cause to the surrounding tissue without compromising the capacity of neutrophils to eliminate the invading pathogen.
A Correction for Ascertainment Bias in Estimating Rates of Onset of Highly Penetrant Genetic Disorders

Estimation of rates of onset of rare, late-onset dominantly inherited genetic disorders is complicated by: (a) probable ascertainment bias resulting from the ‘recruitment’ of strongly affected families into studies; and (b) inability to identify the true ‘at risk’ population of mutation carriers. To deal with the latter, Gui & Macdonald (2002a) proposed a non-parametric (Nelson-Aalen) estimate L(x) of a simple function L(x) of the rate of onset at age x. The function L(x) had a finite bound, which was an increasing function of the probability p that a child of an affected parent inherits the mutation and s the life-time penetrance. However if L(x) exceeds this bound, it explodes to infinity, and this can happen at quite low ages. We show that such ‘failure’ may in fact be a useful measure of ascertainment bias. Gui & Macdonald assumed that p =1 /2 and s = 1, but ascertainment bias means that p> 1/2 and s ! 1 in the sample. The maximum attained by L(x) allows us to estimate a range for the product ps, and therefore the degree of ascertainment bias that may be present, leading to bias-corrected estimates of rates of onset. However, we find that even classical independent censoring, prior to ascertainment, can introduce new bias. We apply these results to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease associated with mutations in the Presenilin-1 gene.
Physical Activity in the Elderly with Fall Experience Over the Past Year: Results from Amirkola Health and Ageing Project

Background and purpose: Nowadays, immobility is known to be the fourth risk factor for mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fall experience over the previous year and levels of physical activity in the elderly.Materials and Methods: The study was performed with 1616 participants of 60≤ years. The relationship between physical activities in the elderly with age, sex, educational level, body mass index, comorbidities, and fall experience over the previous year was evaluated. Physical activity in the elderly was evaluated using the physical activity scale for the elderly.Results: In the multiple regression model, the age (β: -1.6, 95% CI: -2.0- -1.1), sex, female (β: 11.0, 95% CI: 4.3-17.6), and comorbidities (β: -6.8, 95% CI: -13.5 - -0.1) had a significant relationship with the physical activity score. On the contrary, there was no significant difference between the score of physical activity and both groups with and without the experience of fall over the previous year (β: 0.09, 95% CI: -8.0 - 8.2). Conclusion: Increasing age with comorbidity resulted in a decrease in the average physical activity score in the studied elderly population. However, the experience of fall had no relationship with it. Providing the conditions alongside the training required to carry out physical activities, especially in the elderly people with the disease, was suggested.
An Encompassing Review on Hand Gesture Techniques

: The wireless communication enables the users to interact with the robot in a more friendly way. Hand gesture technique is used enormously in recent years for human-computer interaction. It’s an efficient way of interaction with machines makes it more popular and applicable for many purposes. The hands, arms, body, and face used for gesture technique perceive critical demeanours of movement by a human. Gesture technique is mainly applicable for video conferencing, sign language recognition, distances learning and in some forensic identification, land rover. This paper gives a complete survey of different gesture techniques. The benefits and limitation of all methods for hand gesture covered efficiently.
Huge ovarian mature cystic teratoma with gliomatosis peritonei and massive ascites in a postmenopausal woman

Teratoma of the ovary is the most frequently encountered germ cell tumor. It usually occurs in young women. Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) is mature neural glial tissue implanted onto the peritoneal surface. We present a case of a mature teratoma accompanied by GP and massive ascites in postmenopausal women. A 54-year-old, G0P0, woman presented in the gynecology outpatient department with abdominal distension for 6 months. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis displayed an ovarian mass about 20 cm × 18 cm with peritoneal seeding, ascites, and enlarged paraaortic lymph nodes. A total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy were performed. The pathology showed the left ovary contained a dermoid cyst. The biopsy of the peritoneal nodule displayed glial tissue confirming the diagnosis of GP. The patient remained in good condition 6 months postoperatively. We suggest GP be considered in patients presenting with teratomas and massive ascites. The radiological diagnosis is challenging due to the rarity of GP. Continued follow-up of patients with teratomas and GP is mandatory due to the potential of malignant transformation.
Agent-Based Simulation of Value Flow in an Industrial Production Process

The current competitive environment demands companies to be more and more efficient. In order to increase manufacturing efficiency, two apparently independent approaches have emerged: lean strategies, focusing on identifying and minimizing non-added value activities, identifying wastes in the system and their elimination, and information tools for planning and controlling activities. In this paper, a manufacturing system was considered for which it was necessary to increase the production capacity in order to respond to the customer’s increased demand. A practical case study in the automotive industry for a medium-sized enterprise was considered. In order to investigate the production process parameters and to implement lean principles, Value Stream Mapping (current analysis and optimized solution) and Anylogic agent-based simulations were carried out. Based on this, the lean performances, specific for the target VSM, were evaluated in terms of key performance indicators. The benefits of integrating agent-based simulation in the design and analysis of the value flow in the production chain are the capitalization of the information offered by Value Stream Mapping and the possibility to choose the best one from the possible scenarios. It generates important time and cost reductions without further resource waste.
Biomass transport to and from an upper estuarine area by migration of juvenile Atlantic herring Clupea harengus

A model describing fish abundance resulting from fish migration and mortality in an upper estuary is pre- sented. This model can be used to estimate biomass transports by fish migrations between estuary and sea and to as- sess production assimilated in the estuary. It was applied to herring Clupea harengus L. , a marine species with 0+ juveniles that migrate during winter to temperate European estuaries. It was shown that different mortality regimes greatly affected the number of fish that eventually emigrated and, hence, the biomass that was exported during the sea- ward migration. The difference between imported and exported biomass was assessed under different growth conditions and varied from positive to negative as mortality rates increased. The discrepancy between export of biomass and in situ produced biomass showed that fish production was not necessarily transported to the sea when emigrating. It was tentatively concluded that export of biomass out of the estuary only occurs if populations move seaward before winter. Resume : Nous presentons un modele qui decrit l'abondance des poissons dans un estuaire en considerant la migration et la mortalite. Ce modele peut etre utilise pour, d'une part, estimer le transport de biomasse entre les estuaires et la mer, et d'autre part estimer la production assimilee par l'estuaire lors de la migration des differentes populations. Le modele a ete, au cours de nos travaux, applique sur le hareng Clupea harengus L. , une espece marine dont les juveni- les 0+ migrent vers les estuaires Europeens pendant l'hiver. Nos resultats montrent que les differents regimes de morta- lite au sein de l'estuaire, influencent grandement le nombre de poissons qui emigrent et la biomasse exportee vers la mer. L'exportation de biomasse a ete estimee sous differentes conditions de croissance dependantes du taux de morta- lite. La difference entre la biomasse exportee et la biomasse produite in situ nous permet de montrer que la production de poissons n'est pas toujours exportee lors de l'emigration. Nous avons donc provisoirement conclue que l'exportation de biomasse n'a lieu que lorsque les populations migrent vers la mer avant l'hiver. Maes and Ollevier 1409
Comparative Genetics of Sarcoid Tumour-Affected and Non-Affected Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra) Populations

In recent years, South African conservation officials have noted the appearance of sarcoid tumour-like growths in Cape mountain zebra (Equus zebra zebra) populations. In domestic horses (Equus ferus caballus), a genetic predisposition for this bovine papillomavirusinduced tumour is reported. This investigation compared population genetic parameters within tumour-affected populations in Bontebok National Park and Gariep Dam Nature Reserve against Cape mountain zebra populations having few or no tumours in Karoo National Park and Karoo Nature Reserve in South Africa and Hartmann's mountain zebra populations from Namibia. Tumour-affected populations had the lowest levels of expected heterozygosity, gene diversity and polymorphism and highest values of internal relatedness and homozygosity by loci but not reaching levels of significance (P = 0.05). Wright's FIS values indicated an overall deficit of heterozygotes in both affected and non-affected Cape mountain zebra populations. Considerable population substructuring, as indicated by FST values and Bayesian clustering, was revealed among all Cape mountain zebra populations. The results provide support for current conservation policies aimed at increasing levels of genetic diversity in isolated Cape mountain zebra populations.
Mechanism of insulin action on glucose metabolism in ruminants

This review presents a brief overview on the mechanism of insulin action on glucose metabolism at the molecular basis in ruminants. For ruminants, an exact mechanism of insulin on glucose metabolism is still rudimentary, but it is clear that originally, if not all, the mechanism of insulin action in ruminants was the same as in other species. Like non-ruminants, the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter GLUT 4 is thought to be a key-protein in the control of glucose uptake and metabolism in ruminants, and insulin regulates glucose transport by stimulating the translocation of GLUT 4 from an intracellular membrane pool to the plasma membrane in adipocytes and muscles. Moreover, insulin-induced GLUT 4 translocation is activated through the common intracellular signaling pathway of insulin phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) signaling pathway rather than the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAP kinase)-dependent signaling pathway. However, GLUT 4 mRNA and protein, and insulin-induced GLUT 4 translocation on adipocytes and muscles in ruminants are lower than those in rodents and human subjects. Furthermore, insulin-induced PI3-kinase activation is reduced concomitantly with the lower content of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in ruminants. In spite of normal status, a resistance to the stimulatory action of insulin on glucose metabolism in ruminants as compared to non-ruminants may be due to, at least in part, the lower content of GLUT 4 and the lower capacity of insulin signal transduction, resulting to the lower glucose transport activity.
Hierarchical capture-recapture models

A defining feature of capture-recapture is missing data due to imperfect detection of individuals. The standard approach used to deal with the missing data is to integrate (or sum) over all the possible unknown values. The missing data is completely removed and the resulting likelihood is in terms of the observed data. The problem with this approach is that often biologically unnatural parameters are chosen to make the integration (summation) tractable. A related consequence is that latent variables of interest, such as the population size and the number of births are only available as derived quantities. As they are not explicitly in the model they are not available to be used in the model as covariates to describe population dynamics. Therefore, models including density dependence are unable to be examined using standard methods. Instead of explicitly integrating out missing data, we choose to include it using data augmentation. Instead of being removed, the missing data is now present in the likelihood as if it were actually observed. This means that we are able to specify models in terms of the data we would like to have observed, instead of the data we actually did observe. Having the complete data allows us to separate the processes of demographic interest from the sampling process. The separation means that we can focus on specifying the model for the demographic processes without worrying about
Factors associated with prolonged wound drainage after primary total hip and knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Prolonged wound drainage following total hip or total knee arthroplasty has been associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacologic, surgical, and patient-specific factors that are associated with prolonged wound drainage and the relationship of this complication to the length of hospital stay and the rate of wound infections. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study of 1211 primary total hip arthroplasties and 1226 primary total knee arthroplasties. Prospectively collected data included body mass index, intraoperative blood loss, surgical time, type of prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis, and length of hospital stay. The association of these factors with the duration of postoperative wound drainage was analyzed. An acute infection developed after fifteen primary total hip arthroplasties and ten primary total knee arthroplasties. The patients with an acute postoperative infection were compared with their uninfected counterparts, and an odds ratio was determined to estimate the risk of prolonged wound drainage resulting in a wound infection. RESULTS Morbid obesity was strongly associated with prolonged wound drainage in the total hip arthroplasty group (p = 0.001) but not in the total knee arthroplasty group (p = 0.590). An increased volume of drain output was an independent risk factor for prolonged wound drainage in both groups. Patients who received low-molecular-weight heparin for prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis had a longer time until the postoperative wound was dry than did those treated with aspirin and mechanical foot compression or those who received Coumadin (warfarin); this difference was significant on the fifth postoperative day (p = 0.003) but not by the eighth postoperative day. Prolonged wound drainage resulted in a significantly longer hospital stay in both groups (p < 0.001). Each day of prolonged wound drainage increased the risk of wound infection by 42% following a total hip arthroplasty and by 29% following a total knee arthroplasty. CONCLUSIONS Morbid obesity, the use of low-molecular-weight heparin, and a higher drain output were associated with a prolonged time until the postoperative wound was dry following a primary total hip arthroplasty, whereas a higher drain output was the only risk factor associated with prolonged drainage following a primary total knee arthroplasty. Prolonged drainage was associated with a higher rate of infection following a primary total hip arthroplasty, whereas obesity was the only identified independent risk factor for postoperative infection following a primary total knee arthroplasty.
Logic Paradox under Current Corporate Finance

The current corporate finance is based on the theory framework of new classical economics. Therefore, the main contents such as free cash flow, NPV method and capital structure decision-making are still based on the balanced price of product and capital markets, they still can't reflect the essential character of corporation. The logic paradox, causes the current corporate finance study under a more and more embarrassing circumstance in the front of enterprise financial management practice, with the feature of value management.