Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scenario selection by unsupervised learning in reliability analysis of transmission networks

In reliability assessment of deregulated power systems, an analysis of the power market should be incorporated in the assessment. This is done by using a power market model to generate power market scenarios, and use these scenarios as a basis for reliability assessment. It is shown how unsupervised learning techniques can be used to select a subset of the generated scenarios, and how the reliability assessment can be based on this subset only. Different algorithms for selecting the subset are compared, and it is also discussed how to determine the size of the subset. The results of the case studies show that the computational requirements can be reduced by about 90%, with reasonable accuracy in the reliability indices.
Erythromycin accelerates gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that erythromycin, a motilin agonist, reduces the incidence of early DGE after pancreaticoduodenectomy. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a leading cause of morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy, occurring in up to 40% of patients. The pathogenesis of DGE has been speculated to involve factors such as peritonitis from anastomotic leaks, ischemia to the antropyloric muscles, and gastric atony in response to resection of the duodenal pacemaker or reduction in circulating motilin levels. METHODS Between November 1990 and January 1993, 118 patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy completed this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The patients received either 200 mg of intravenous erythromycin lactobionate every 6 hours (n = 58), or an identical volume of 0.9% saline (n = 60) from the third to tenth postoperative days. On the tenth postoperative day, a dual phase radionuclide gastric emptying study was performed. RESULTS The erythromycin and control groups were comparable regarding multiple preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors. The erythromycin group had a 37% reduction in the incidence of DGE (19% vs. 30%), a significantly reduced (p < 0.05) need to reinsert a nasogastric tube for DGE (6 vs. 15 patients), and a significantly reduced (p < 0.01) per cent retention of liquids at 30 minutes and solids at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. No major adverse reactions to erythromycin were observed. CONCLUSIONS Erythromycin is a safe, inexpensive drug that significantly accelerates gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy and reduces the incidence of DGE by 37%. These data support the use of erythromycin to decrease early DGE after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
The influence of reading instruction on language and memory development in children with Down syndrome

This paper reports evidence for the importance of reading instruction for memory and language development in children with Down syndrome. Language and memory measures for 14 children were obtained over nearly four years as part of our research investigating the effect of teaching memory strategies. Half of the children were readers or became readers in the course of the study. At the start of the study, there were no significant differences between readers and non-readers in vocabulary and grammar understanding, or in auditory and visual memory performance. By the end of the study, a significant advantage for the readers was noted for all language and memory measures. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed, as well as the implications for educational intervention.
Prenatal Screening for Major Congenital Heart Disease

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative importance of the 4‐chamber view (4CV) compared with the outflow tract views (OFTVs) in prenatal screening for major congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods. We prospectively evaluated 200 consecutive infants undergoing cardiac surgery at our institution for major CHD. By reviewing the infants' medical records and conducting bedside interviews with their parents or guardians, we evaluated detection rates both prenatally and postnatally (before and after discharge to home), and we noted any prenatally identifiable risk factors for CHD. For each infant, we determined whether the 4CV or OFTVs would be expected to have been normal or abnormal on routine midgestation screening fetal sonography. Results. A prenatal diagnosis of CHD was made in 65 infants (33%): 30 of 124 low‐risk pregnancies (24%) and 35 of 76 high‐risk pregnancies (46%). An abnormal screening midgestation 4CV would have been expected in up to 63% of the infants, whereas abnormal midgestation OFTVs would have been expected in up to 91% of the infants. Thus, the potential sensitivity for detecting major CHD was higher with the OFTVs than with the 4CV (91% versus 63%; P < .001). Moreover, the OFTVs were more sensitive than the 4CV for detecting ductal‐dependent forms of CHD. Diagnosis after discharge to home occurred in 39 of 135 postnatal diagnoses (29%), including many cases of isolated outflow tract abnormalities requiring early invasive intervention. Conclusions. Cases of major neonatal CHD with OFTV abnormalities predominate over cases with 4CV abnormalities, particularly among those forms of CHD requiring early invasive intervention.
Concurrent Mycosis Fungoides and Precursor B Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma in a 6‐Year‐Old Child

Abstract: We report a 6‐year‐old boy with mycosis fungoides on the dorsal surface of his left hand, a diagnosis supported by positive T cell receptor γ gene rearrangement findings. Precursor B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the left orbit developed subsequently. He was treated with chemotherapy and remained under control.
Characterization and natural course of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in HIV‐infected patients

Objective:To examine the degree, pattern, and natural history of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients infected with HIV. Design:Cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting:Primary care and tertiary referral university centre. Participants:Thirty-five consecutive HIV-infected patients who had either not yet developed AIDS (15 pre-AIDS patients) or who were at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) AIDS stage (n = 20), and 29 healthy age- and sex- matched HIV-negative controls. Methods:Computer-aided power spectral analysis of 15 standardized parameters of heart-rate variability (HRV). Results:Pre-AIDS patients as a group did not exhibit any HRV parameters to be significantly different from healthy controls (P > 0.017), whereas AIDS patients demonstrated reduced HRV in 14 parameters (93.3%) compared with healthy subjects (P < 0.017). Median proportion of abnormal HRV parameters (< 10th percentile of controls) per individual was 9.1% in pre-AIDS patients and 61.3% in AIDS patients (P= 0.0347). Progressive CDC stages inversely correlated to 10 HRV parameters (66.7%; −0.50 ≤ r ≤ −0.36; P< 0.05). Follow-up testing in 10 pre-AIDS and six AIDS patients after 6–16 months (median, 12.5 months) did not reveal deterioration of HRV (P< 0.05). A dysautonomia symptom score correlated to 10 HRV parameters (66.7%; −0.14<r< −0.55; P< 0.05). Conclusions:Cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction is severe in AIDS patients, although not significant in pre-AIDS patients. Cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction proceeds with HIV disease progression, although its individual course is slow.
Exercise and hypertension.

SUMMARYANDCONCLUSIONWhilethere remains somecontroversy overthe effects ofexercise train- ing in hypertensive individuals, epidemiologic studies, animal data andnumerous studies in patients with mild hypertension seem to indicate thatexercise conditioning can result in a modest fall in blood pressure and a reduction in myocardial oxygendemand. Asto the mechanism responsible for these pressure changes, there are no unifying theories. Exercise condi- tioning is knownto result in an increase in blood volume, a reduction in rest- ing heart rate, a slightly lower resting cardiac output anda reduction in my-ocardial oxygendemands. Considering the measurable hemodynamicchanges that occur with physical conditioning, it would appearthat an alteration inoverall autonomic balance maybe responsible forthe reduction in bloodpres-sure. A reduction in sympathetic tone; a decrease in baroreceptor sensitiv-ity, an increase in (2 and decrease in (x receptor sensitivity, a change in my-otonic tone, a decrease in cardiac output, and alterations innon-neurogenically-mediated vascular
Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: Renal tumors

Renal malignancies are among the most prevalent pediatric cancers. The most common is favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT), which has 5‐year overall survival exceeding 90%. Other pediatric renal malignancies, including anaplastic Wilms tumor, clear cell sarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumor, and renal cell carcinoma, have less favorable outcomes. Recent clinical trials have identified gain of chromosome 1q as a prognostic marker for FHWT. Upcoming studies will evaluate therapy adjustments based on this and other novel biomarkers. For high‐risk renal tumors, new treatment regimens will incorporate biological therapies. A research blueprint, viewed from the perspective of the Children's Oncology Group, is presented. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 994–1000. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How Interlinks Influence Federated over SPARQL Endpoints

As the Web of Data grows, the number of available SPARQL endpoints increases. SPARQL endpoints conceptually represent RPC-style, coarse-grained data access mechanisms. Nevertheless, through the potential interlinking of the contained entities, SPARQL endpoints should be able to over distinct advantages over plain Web APIs. To our knowledge, to date, there has been no study conducted that gauges the impact of the link on SPARQL query execution, especially in a federated set-up. In this paper, we investigate how the existence and types of typed links influences the execution characteristics of different SPARQL federation frameworks. In order to measure the query performance, we propose a combined cost model based on a statistic analysis of the query performance metrics that involves parameters such as type of link, the data catalogues and cache, number of links, and number of distinct subjects. As result, we show that number of distinct subject and number of links have significant impact on Federation over SPARQL Endpoints performance whereas type of link does not have significantly influence in federation query performance.
The role of circadian clock genes in tumors

Abstract Circadian rhythms are generated via variations in the expression of clock genes that are organized into a complex transcriptional–translational autoregulatory network and regulate the diverse physiological and behavioral activities that are required to adapt to periodic environmental changes. Aberrant clock gene expression is associated with a heightened risk of diseases that affect all aspects of human health, including cancers. Within the past several years, a number of studies have indicated that clock genes contribute to carcinogenesis by altering the expression of clock-controlled and tumor-related genes downstream of many cellular pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes how clock genes affect the development of tumors and their prognosis. In addition, the review provides a full description of the current state of oral cancer research that aims to optimize cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities.
Documents As Mediating Artifacts in Contemporary IS Development

In this paper, we analyze the roles of project-related documents as mediating artifacts in contemporary IS acquisition and development. We draw on a range of theoretical concepts to propose four ways in which documents are implicated in IS development through (1) the translation of meaning and interests, (2) in boundary-spanning knowledge transfer, (3) in the enactment of structures, and (4) through their materiality. We explore the occurrence of these roles through a case study of the external development of a sophisticated financial database solution using a purchased commercial software package. In conceptualizing documents in this way, we seek to address the need for further empirical work that focuses on understanding the variety of roles such objects can play, the nature of the objects as well as their role, and how such objects emerge as mediating artifacts in practice.
Human capital and the FDI-Income inequality nexus in African countries: Panel smooth transition regression approach

The link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and income inequality has received little attention in the literature. This paper investigates empirically the relationship between FDI and income inequality using an unbalanced panel data made up of 26 African countries over the period 1990-2013. First, we estimate the linear relation using the now popular System-GMM estimation techniques to control for potential endogeneity bias. We find that FDI deepens income inequality. Secondly, we go further in the analysis to examine whether the impact of FDI on income inequality depends on absorptive capacity, by employing a panel smooth transition regression model which is more suitable to deal with cross-country heterogeneity issues. We use human capital stock as a proxy for absorptive capacity, and the results show that the impact of FDI on income inequality is conditioned by the level of human capital stock in the host country. Specifically, we find that FDI increases income inequality in countries with low levels of human capital stock, and reduces income inequality in countries with high levels of human capital stock. These findings suggest that policies oriented towards FDI liberalization in African countries should go hand in hand with policies that aim at improving human capital stock in order to mitigate the potential inequality-increasing effect of FDI.
Prevalence, correlates and trends in seroadaptive behaviours among men who have sex with men from serial cross-sectional surveillance in San Francisco, 2004–2011

Objectives We sought to assess the prevalence and correlates of seroadaptive behaviours (ie, sexual history incorporating some unprotected anal intercourse (UAI)) and conventional risk reduction behaviours (ie, consistent condom use or no anal intercourse) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco in 2011. We compared the prevalence of seroadaptive behaviours between serial cross-sectional surveys from 2004, 2008 and 2011. Methods We analysed data from the 2011 wave of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system in San Francisco. We categorised men's self-reported sexual behaviour history in the past 6 months into a schema of seroadaptive behaviours and conventional risk reduction behaviours. We compared the prevalence of behaviour categories by self-reported HIV serostatus, HIV testing history, awareness of pre-exposure HIV prophylaxis (PrEP) and diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Results Seroadaptive behaviours remained common in San Francisco MSM, with a 2011 prevalence of 46.6%, up from 35.9% in 2004. Consistent condom use or no anal intercourse was more common than seroadaptive behaviours in HIV-negative MSM, men who had not heard of PrEP and men without an STI diagnosis. Seroadaptive behaviours increased from 2004 to 2011. Conclusions HIV seroadaptive behaviours remain common in San Francisco MSM, have increased in the last decade and are practiced differently by MSM with different sexual health knowledge and outcomes. Public health researchers and officials should continue to document the prevalence, intentionality, efficacy and safety of seroadaptive behaviours among diverse communities of MSM.
GLOBALISASI DAN KEMISKINAN DESA: ANALISA STRUKTUR EKONOMI POLITIK PEDESAAN

Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis relasi politik antara desa dengan globalisasi. Analisa dalam artikel ini kemudian dititikberatkan pada struktur ekonomi politik untuk melihat relasinya khususnya posisi desa dalam globalisasi. Hasil paper menunjukkan bahwa secara historis, analisa terhadap pengaruh desa dalam globalisasi sendiri dapat dibedakan menjadi dua paradigma yakni positif dan negatif. Dalam perspektif positif, desa sendiri mengafirmasi berbagai strategi global dalam upaya membangun ekonomi mereka. Sedangkan dalam pengertian negatif, desa telah menjadi termarjinalkan dan tertekan dalam sistem kapitalis. Kata Kunci : desa, globalisasi, ekonomi politik, desa global.
Sensitivity Analysis of a Thermal Model of the Electron Beam Melting Process to Predict the Melt Pool Dimensions

In recent years, the scientific and industrial relevance of additive manufacturing has grown. In the metal area electron beam technology offers high power density as well as considerable scanning rates.Therefore, electron beam melting (EBM) seems to be suitable for processing a broad variety of alloys in an economic way. However despite of these improvement this technology has a long way to go and need to be developed in all aspect of industrial point of view. Melt pool size and shape are key characteristics to control the process of EBM. Control of melt pool dimensions will greatly increase the ability to successfully build shapes, and may play an important role in controlling solidification microstructure. In this thesis, we present an approach for obtaining melt pool dimensions through a thermal finite element simulation in which three aspects are developed and illustrated: • Thermo-mechanical modeling of the growth process, based on Finite Elements (FE), which considers changes in the behavior of the material (powder to liquid to solid) through the finite element on melt pool ; • Sensitivity analysis of the model to the physical characteristics of the material such as Porosity and Preheating Temperature. This is an important aspect allowing to focus on the most significant parameters to be determined experimentally with high reliability; • Evaluation of the effects of different process parameters such as Beam Diameter on the process. The article illustrates the theoretical thermal model and the detail of the strategy used in the FE analysis. The most influential characteristics of the material are highlighted and, finally, general criteria for choosing the optimal combination of process parameters are provided.
Voice onset time encoding in patients with left and right cochlear implants

Stop-consonant discrimination was investigated in normal-hearing listeners and cochlear-implanted patients (CIP) by recording auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to /b&egr;/ and /p&egr;/ syllables. This study demonstrates that: (i) AEPs show time-locked components that mimic the temporal structure of the stimuli, indicating that both patients and control subjects encode those syllables according to the temporal cue (voice onset time) characterizing the voiced/voiceless contrast; (ii) the side of implantation does not affect the general structure of AEPs and /b&egr;/-/p&egr;/ discrimination thresholds (measured separately with a psychophysical procedure); (iii) poor time-locking to the syllables' temporal structure is associated with poor discrimination. This suggests that EEG investigation of temporal-processing provides an objective index of speech perception in CIP and could be used in implanted children.
Reproductive steroids in the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis). II. Progesterone and estrogen levels in peripheral plasma during pregnancy.

Progesterone and estrogens were measured by radioimmunoassay in 176 serum samples from 15 white-tailed deer during the breeding season and pregnancy. The study spanned two separate years in which some does were serially sampled during both pregnancies. Progesterone levels before the first detected estrus were below! ng/ml except for the period 20 to 11 days before estrus when the level was 1.6 ± 0.98 ng/ml (X ± S.E., N = 4). Estrogen levels were relatively constant at 6.3 ± 0.9 pg/mi (X ± S.E., N = 26) during the fall prior to breeding. Mean progesterone levels were 5.5 ± 0.2 ng/mI (N = 59) during the 1973 pregnancy and 9.3 ± 0.6 ng/ml (N = 34) during the 1975 pregnancy. The levels of progesterone did not change significantly within pregnancy period either year but were significantly different (P<0.001) between years. The level of progesterone was consistent in individual animals within year, but differed significantly between some animals (P<0.005, 1973 and P<0.025, 1975). Progesterone levels tended to be higher when does were carrying more fetuses. Progesterone levels appeared to decline in the animals sampled close to parturition. Estrogen levels increased from 16 ± 12 pg/mi at 12 weeks prepartum to 154 ± 11 pg/mI at parturition. There was no difference between years in estrogen levels. Both estrogen and progesterone levels declined precipitously after parturition. There was no relationship between the number of fetuses carried and estrogen levels.
An Architecture for Animal Sound Identification based on Multiple Feature Extraction and Classification Algorithms

Automatic identification of animals is extremely useful for scientists, providing ways to monitor species and changes in ecological communities. The choice of effective audio features and classification techniques is a challenge on any audio recognition system, especially in bioacoustics that commonly uses several algorithms. This paper presents a novel software architecture that supports multiple feature extraction and classification algorithms to help on the identification of animal species from their recorded sounds. This architecture was implemented by the WASIS software, freely available on the Web.
Myb controls G2/M progression by inducing cyclin B expression in the Drosophila eye imaginal disc

The c‐myb proto‐oncogene product (c‐Myb) is a transcriptional activator. Vertebrate c‐Myb is a key regulator of the G1/S transition in cell cycle, while Drosophila Myb (dMyb) is important for the G2/M transition. Here we report that dMyb induces expression of cyclin B, a critical regulator of the G2/M transition, in Drosophila eye imaginal disc. In the wild‐type eye disc, dmyb mRNA was expressed in the stripes both anterior and posterior to the morphogenetic furrow. Ectopic expression of C‐terminal‐truncated dMyb in the eye disc caused ectopic expression of cyclin B and the rough eye phenotype. This rough eye phenotype correlated with prolonged M phase, caused by overexpression of cyclin B. Cyclin B expression was lost in dmyb‐deficient clones. In Schneider cells, the activity of the cyclin B promoter was dramatically reduced by loss of dMyb using the RNA interference method. Mutations of the multiple AACNG sequences in the cyclin B promoter also abolished the promoter activity. These results indicate that dMyb regulates the G2/M transition by inducing cyclin B expression via binding to its promoter.
Human monocyte chemotactic proteins‐2 and ‐3: structural and functional comparison with MCP‐1

Structurally, the monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 form a subfamily of the C‐C or β‐chemokines. Like other chemokines, MCPs are produced by a variety of cells on stimulation with cytokines (interleukin‐1, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon‐γ), bacterial and viral products or mitogens. MCP‐1 levels are enhanced during infection and inflammation, which are characterized by leukocyte infiltration. In vitro, MCPs are chemotactic for a distinct spectrum of target cells and show different specific biological activities depending on the cell type and the chemokine tested. MCP‐3 has the broadest range in that it activates monocytes, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils. The most sensitive cells to all three MCPs are lymphocytes and monocytes. MCP‐1 is a potent basophil activator but does not attract eosinophils, whereas, at higher concentrations, MCP‐2 also stimulates both eosinophils and basophils. The signal transduction of MCPs on monocytes involves at least two G protein‐linked C‐C chemokine receptors: C‐C CKR‐1 binds MCP‐3 and C‐C CKR‐2 binds MCP‐1 and MCP‐3 but not MCP‐2. Receptor binding leads to enhanced [Ca2+]i for all chemokines except for MCP‐2.