Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hip Fracture Prediction in Elderly Men and Women: Validation in the Rotterdam Study

The aim of our study was to validate a hip fracture risk function, composed of age and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD). This estimate of the 1‐year cumulative risk was previously developed on the basis of Dutch hip fracture incidence data and BMD in men and women. A cohort of 7046 persons (2778 men) aged 55 years and over was followed for an average of 3.8 years. The 1‐year hip fracture risk estimate was calculated for each participant according to the risk function and categorized as low (<0.1%), moderate (0.1 to <1%), or high (≥1%). Observed first hip fracture incidence was then analyzed for each of these risk categories by age and gender. Additionally, we calculated the relative risk per standard deviation (SD) decrease in femoral neck BMD in this population. At baseline, 2360 individuals were categorized as low risk, 2567 as moderate risk, and 378 as high risk. During follow‐up, 110 first hip fractures were observed corresponding to an incidence rate of 4.1/1000 person‐years (pyrs) (95% confidence interval 3.4–5.0). The observed incidence rate in the low risk group was 0.2/1000 pyrs (0.1–0.9), 2.7/1000 pyrs (1.8–3.9) in the moderate risk group, and 18.4/1000 pyrs (12.4–27.2) in the high risk group. Below the age of 70 years, incidence was low in all categories, and very few individuals were considered at high risk. Above the age of 70 years, the observed incidence was high in the high risk group, while in the low and moderate risk groups, the incidence remained low even over 80 years of age. In women, the age‐adjusted relative risk for hip fractures was 2.5 per SD decrease in femoral neck BMD (1.8–3.6), while in men this relative risk was 3.0 per SD (1.7–5.4). In conclusion, we observed a similar relation of hip fracture with femoral neck BMD in men and women and were able to predict accurately hip fracture rates over a period of almost 4 years.
Quantum molecular dynamics simulations of hot, dense hydrogen.

Quantum molecular dynamics simulations of pure samples and of mixtures of isotopic hydrogenic species (H, D, T) yield important structural, dynamical, and electronic properties that characterize matter at high compressions (\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\ge}0.25 g/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$) and moderate temperatures (3000--60 000 K). Quantum mechanical treatments of the electrons, contained in periodically replicated reference cells of ${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{a}}$ atoms, by density functional and tight-binding methods determine the force on the nuclei and the electronic structure of the medium. The nuclei move according to the classical equations of motion in response to this quantal force. In addition, pair potentials based on Thomas-Fermi models (Moliere) extend both the temperature and density range of the more sophisticated models. Comparisons of the models are presented together with a comprehensive description of the techniques. Examples over a broad temperature and density range illustrate the basic physics for a hot, dense hydrogen medium. (c) 1995 The American Physical Society
The effect of new technologies on civic participation models

The development of new technologies will enable decentralization and freedom of communication for large numbers of people, by overcoming the barriers that once rendered direct participation of society unfeasible. The continued development of information and communication technologies (ICT) makes it possible for people to participate in political life. Today, the use of e-tools is becoming a way of adapting democracy to the needs of contemporary states and strengthening civil society. The aim of this paper is to answer questions about the essence of ICT and forms of civic engagement through electronic forms of participation. The author seeks answers to the following questions: How does ICT influence political processes? How do electronic communication systems create the conditions for the political engagement of citizens? Can the use of information technologies have a real impact on participation?
Extracting feature lines from unstructured meshes using a model feature map

We propose a new method of extracting feature lines from a 3D scan model. Given an unstructured 3D triangle mesh containing texture information, we use model feature map (MFM), which is a 2D map that abstracts the variation of texture and curvature in the 3D model. The MFM is created from both a texture map and a curvature map, which are produced separately by edge-detection to locate line features. The MFM can be edited interactively using standard image-processing tools. We demonstrate the technique on several data sets, including, but not limited to facial data.
Molecular basis for the subunit assembly of the primase from an archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii

Archaeal/eukaryotic primases form a heterodimer consisting of a small catalytic subunit (PriS) and a large subunit (PriL). The heterodimer complex synthesizes primer oligoribonucleotides that are required for chromosomal replication. Here, we describe crystallographic and biochemical studies of the N‐terminal domain (NTD) of PriL (PriLNTD; residues 1–222) that bind to PriS from a hyperthermophilic archaeon, Pyrococcus horikoshii, at 2.9 Å resolution. The PriLNTD structure consists of two subdomains, the helix‐bundle and twisted‐strand domains. The latter is structurally flexible, and is expected to contain a PriS interaction site. Pull‐down and surface plasmon resonance analyses of structure‐based deletion and alanine scanning mutants showed that the conserved hydrophobic Tyr155‐Tyr156‐Ile157 region near the flexible region is the PriS‐binding site, as the Y155A/Y156A/I157A mutation markedly reduces PriS binding, by 1000‐fold. These findings and a structural comparison with a previously reported PriLNTD–PriS complex suggest that the presented alternative conformations of the twisted‐strand domain facilitate the heterodimer assembly.
Virulence Genes in Environmental Strains ofVibrio cholerae

ABSTRACT The virulence of a pathogen is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants and their well-regulated expression. ThectxAB and tcpA genes are known to play a cardinal role in maintaining virulence in Vibrio cholerae, and these genes are believed to be exclusively associated with clinical strains of O1 and O139 serogroups. In this study, we examined the presence of five virulence genes, including ctxAB andtcpA, as well as toxR and toxT, which are involved in the regulation of virulence, in environmental strains of V. cholerae cultured from three different freshwater lakes and ponds in the eastern part of Calcutta, India. PCR analysis revealed the presence of these virulence genes or their homologues among diverse serotypes and ribotypes of environmentalV. cholerae strains. Sequencing of a part of thetcpA gene carried by an environmental strain showed 97.7% homology to the tcpA gene of the classical biotype ofV. cholerae O1. Strains carrying the tcpA gene expressed the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP), demonstrated by both autoagglutination analysis and electron microscopy of the TCP pili. Strains carrying ctxAB genes also produced cholera toxin, determined by monosialoganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by passage in the ileal loops of rabbits. Thus, this study demonstrates the presence and expression of critical virulence genes or their homologues in diverse environmental strains of V. cholerae, which appear to constitute an environmental reservoir of virulence genes, thereby providing new insights into the ecology ofV. cholerae.
The impact of frailty on failure-to-rescue in geriatric trauma patients: A prospective study

INTRODUCTION Failure-to-rescue (FTR) (defined as death from a major complication) is considered as an index of hospital quality in trauma patients. However, the role of frailty in FTR events remains unclear. We hypothesized that FTR rate is higher in elderly frail trauma patients. METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of all elderly (age ≥ 65 years) trauma patients presenting at our level one trauma center. Patient’s frailty status was calculated utilizing the Trauma Specific Frailty Index (TSFI) within 24 hours of admission. Patients were stratified into non-frail, pre-frail, and frail. FTR was defined as death from a major complication (respiratory, infectious, cardiac, and renal). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for age, gender, injury severity (ISS), and vital parameters to assess the relationship between frailty status and FTR. RESULTS A total of 368 elderly trauma patients were evaluated of which 25% (n = 93) were non-frail, 38% (n = 139) pre-frail, and 37% (n = 136) frail. Overall, 30% of the patients developed in-hospital complications; of them, mortality occurred in 26% of the patients (FTR group). In the FTR group, 69% of the patients were frail compared to 17% pre-frail and 14% non-frail (p = 0.002). On multivariate regression analysis for predictors of FTR, frail status was an independent predictor of FTR (OR [95% CI] = 2.67 [1.37–5.20]; p = 0.004). On sensitivity analysis, positive predictive value of TSFI for FTR was 69% and negative predictive value for FTR was 67%. CONCLUSION In elderly trauma patients, the presence of frailty increased the odds of FTR almost threefold as compared to non-frail. Although FTR has been considered as an indicator of health care quality, the findings of this study suggest that frailty status independently contributes to FTR. This needs to be considered in the future development of quality metrics, particularly in the case of geriatric trauma patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic study, level II.
RNA Sociology: Group Behavioral Motifs of RNA Consortia

RNA sociology investigates the behavioral motifs of RNA consortia from the social science perspective. Besides the self-folding of RNAs into single stem loop structures, group building of such stem loops results in a variety of essential agents that are highly active in regulatory processes in cellular and non-cellular life. RNA stem loop self-folding and group building do not depend solely on sequence syntax; more important are their contextual (functional) needs. Also, evolutionary processes seem to occur through RNA stem loop consortia that may act as a complement. This means the whole entity functions only if all participating parts are coordinated, although the complementary building parts originally evolved for different functions. If complementary groups, such as rRNAs and tRNAs, are placed together in selective pressure contexts, new evolutionary features may emerge. Evolution initiated by competent agents in natural genome editing clearly contrasts with statistical error replication narratives.
Mediastinitis occurring as a complication of odontogenic infections

Mediastinitis occurring from a descending odontogenic infection occurs rarely. The diagnosis is sometimes difficult to make and is often delayed until the patient is in extremis. The physical examination is often nondiagnostic, but may include brawny edema of the neck and chest. CT scanning provides the most accurate diagnostic information. The treatment is always surgical, in combination with appropriate antibiotics. Five patients with mediastinitis secondary to odontogenic infections are presented, and the technique of transcervical drainage of the anterior and posterior mediastinum is reviewed.
Acute Stroke Syndrome With Fixed Neurological Deficit and False‐Negative Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging

Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is sensitive for the detection of acute ischemic stroke. However, a negative DWI study of the brain does not always exclude a patient from the possibility of acute cerebral ischemia. The authors report 1 case in which the patient presented with a fixed ischemic neurological deficit (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score = 22) that included global aphasia, right hemiparesis, and a right visual field neglect. The initial DWI of the brain within 27 hours of symptom onset was negative. The deficit persisted, and a repeat magnetic resonance imaging study 7 days later showed a large area of restricted diffusion involving the gray matter of the entire left middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery distribution, indicating a large area of cortical stroke.
Recent Expansion of Toxoplasma Through Enhanced Oral Transmission

The global predominance of three clonalToxoplasma gondii lineages suggests that they are endowed with an exceptional trait responsible for their current parasitism of nearly all warm-blooded vertebrates. Genetic polymorphism analyses indicate that these clonal lineages emerged within the last 10,000 years after a single genetic cross. Comparison with ancient strains (∼1 million years) suggests that the success of the clonal lineages resulted from the concurrent acquisition of direct oral infectivity. This key adaptation circumvented sexual recombination, simultaneously promoting transmission through successive hosts, hence leading to clonal expansion. Thus, changes in complex life cycles can occur rapidly and can profoundly influence pathogenicity.
Adaptive control of mixed rigid/flexible joint robot manipulators based on virtual decomposition

A modular approach, named virtual decomposition, is applied to adaptive control of robot manipulators with mixed rigid/flexible joints. First, the held object (payload) is decomposed from the manipulator. Then the manipulator is further decomposed into a series of rigid links and rigid/flexible joints. For each subsystem (rigid body or rigid/flexible joint), independent control design and parameter adaptation are performed, and a non-negative accompanying function is assigned. The dynamic interactions between the subsystems are completely represented by virtual power flows. Both a rigid joint and a flexible joint have the same dynamic interactions with their connected links. Lyapunov asymptotic stability is guaranteed. Finally, simulation verification is conducted.
PENGARUH MARKET DAN LEARNING ORIENTATIONS TERHADAP RELATIONAL CAPABILITY DAN KINERJA USAHA UMKM DI KOTA MATARAM

The objective of the study is to examine the effect of organisational culture, i.e learning and market orientations toward relational capability and business performance of SMEs. The samples were purposively selected in the city of Mataram, they must have at least four employess. They were door-to-door approached during a four-week data collection period. The findings suggested that the orientations strengthen SMEs’ relational capability and performance. Nonetheless, learning orientation does not guarantee better business performance unless the orientation is strongly implemented intofirms’ relational capability. The study provides interesting contributions toward relationship marketing literature by giving evidences regarding the effects of the cultural orientations on SMEs’ relational capability and perfromance.Founding of SMEs should emphasise on the development and implementation of learning and market orientations to improve their relational capability and performance. Keywords: l earning orientation, market orientation, relational capability, business performance
KNOWLEDGE AS A SOURCE OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN KNOWLEDGE BASED COMPANIES

Modern company in today’s economy is no longer solely dependent on its tangible assets such as real estate, factories or facilities. Doing business in today’s global economy creates new types of companies which are becoming increasingly dependent on their intangible assets such as information and knowledge. Today’s new economy has become global and information driven, and the first time in the history of the organization theory knowledge becomes companies the most valuable resource. Knowledge affects the creation of new value in the company, but it also affects on the creation of new knowledge. The use of the Internet enables its distribution in the global context. Knowledge can not be fully diminished. On the contrary, the more being used, it increases, expands and deepens. Therefore modern knowledge based companies need to continually work on their knowledge-based strategy as a source of the competitive advantage. This paper discusses the impact of organizational culture on creation of such companies.
Warfarin Resistance Associated with Intravenous Lipid Administration: Discussion of Propofol and Review of the Literature

Intravenous lipids are often required for parenteral nutritional (PN) support in critically ill patients and are administered with continuous sedation if patients are receiving propofol, which contains soybean oil 10% as an emulsified preparation. High‐dose propofol infusion was associated with reversal of enteral and intravenous warfarin anticoagulation in a 39‐year‐old woman with severe Crohn's disease. Despite increasing the daily dose of warfarin to 30 mg, anticoagulation was not achieved until propofol was discontinued. Reversal of anticoagulation recurred when PN support was supplemented with Liposyn II 20%. Lipid emulsions may interfere pharmacodynamically with warfarin activity by enhancing the production of clotting factors, facilitating platelet aggregation, or supplying vitamin K. They also may facilitate warfarin binding to albumin. Until further information regarding the mechanism of interference is elucidated, heparin therapy should be considered for initial anticoagulation in patients with intestinal absorptive deficiencies who receive high‐dose lipid emulsions and require reliable anticoagulation. If warfarin is given, the international normalized ratio should be monitored daily to ensure adequate anticoagulation.
“ A OVERVIEW O SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTIO FOR HERBAL DRUGS ”

A wide range of technologies are available for the extraction of active components and essential oils from the medicinal and aromatic plants. The choice of appropriate technique is depends on the economic feasibility and suitability of the process to the particular situation. The supercritical fluid extraction processes for production of medicinal, aromatic plants extracts and essential oils are tried to review in this article. The main issues related to supercritical fluid extraction of medicinal and aromatic plants is discussed in view of the development of this separation technique at industrial scale. After an introduction to supercritical fluid extraction, the roles of thermodynamics and mass transfer properties are emphasized, and the effects of the main operating variables on product recovery are briefly examined. Fundamental concepts about the equipment needed and basic technology are presented, including economical evaluation. Finally, a short survey of successful supercritical extraction processes of medicinal and aromatic plants is reported and a future outlook is given with few important and latest application, advantages and the disadvantages of the supercritical fluid extraction.
Neurodevelopment of children exposed in utero to phenytoin and carbamazepine monotherapy.

OBJECTIVE To compare pregnancy outcome prospectively after phenytoin and carbamazepine monotherapy with outcome in matched mother-child pairs exposed to nonteratogens to evaluate the relative fetal safety of these drugs. DESIGN A prospective, controlled, and blinded observational study. PATIENTS Thirty-six mother-child pairs exposed to carbamazepine monotherapy and 34 pairs exposed to phenytoin monotherapy, all prospectively studied, were compared with mother-child pairs exposed to nonteratogens. The controls were matched for maternal age, time of consultation, obstetric history, and socioeconomic status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary end point of interest was the children's global IQ measured by either the Bayley or the McCarthy scale according to their ages. SETTING A teratology consultation program and two neurology services in Toronto, Ontario. RESULTS Children exposed to phenytoin in utero had a mean (+/- SD) global IQ 10 points lower (95% confidence interval, 4.9 to 15.8 points) than their matched controls (113.4 +/- 13.1 and 103.1 +/- 25.1; P = .038). The Reynell language development scores followed a similar trend, with children exposed to phenytoin scoring significantly lower than their controls. Phenytoin-exposed children had a global IQ of 84 or less significantly more often than the control group (P < .01). Children exposed in utero to carbamazepine did not differ from their controls on any of the neurobehavioral tests. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a clinically important negative effect of phenytoin on neurobehavioral development, independent of maternal or environmental factors, causing a substantial number of children to achieve a lower score than expected on cognitive tests. No similar effects could be shown after gestational use of carbamazepine.
Modern Concept of the Financial Strategy of Transport Industry

The paper states theoretical and methodological issues of financial strategy’s formation of the enterprise under modern conditions of economic development. The key problems of the river ports development are determined. Among them shortage of service equipment, logistic disparity of transport river networks, obsolete vessels. Ways of improving the financial condition of water transpor t and ports in Russia are suggested. The article specifies that the strategic management of the company's finances can rule over cash flows, capital and investments effectively. The starting point for formation of financial strategy of water transport enterprises should be diagnostics of financial activity and first of all, diagnostics of financial maintenance of the enterprise. A new methodical approach to the formation of the cash flow management strategy of water transport enterprises is proposed. It includes two main stages: a stage of a strategic analysis of the company's cash flows with use of organizational and information model and aanalysis of diagnostics of financial security of water transport enterprises. It is proved that financial strategy is the guiding vector of management of the enterprise and its industrial and economic activity in a modern, dynamic and competitive market environment.