Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carpal evolution in diprotodontian marsupials

Carpal anatomy in adults of 13 outgroup species and 50 diprotodontian species from all families except Tarsipedidae was examined, as well as a histological sectional series of a pouch young Vombatus ursinus. The results are discussed in the light of recent phylogenies, and functional aspects were considered to gain an understanding of carpal evolution in this diverse marsupial clade. Mapping of eight carpal characters on alternative diprotodontian phylogenies results in trees of similar lengths. Of the eight characters investigated, five characterize major diprotodontian clades and one offers an additional autapomorphy for the order. The occurrence of a prepollex varies across Diprotodontia, and for some species is polymorphic. Petauroids, Cercartetus and Trichosurus share the presence of a lunatum, a well-developed proximal process of the capitatum, a deep ulno-triquetral joint and a deep palmar process of the hamatum. Most macropodids are distinguished by the lack of a lunatum, lack of a proximal process of the capitatum, a short palmar process of the hamatum, a pointed ulno-triquetral articulation and a variably occurring groove in the scaphoid. The macropodines are set apart from the potoroines by their loss of a lunatum and a short palmar process of the hamatum. Two terrestrial clades, vombatiforms and macropodids, differ from the arboreal possums in similar aspects, indicating that carpal diversity might be related to function.
A Comparative Study between Rectangular, Circular and Annular Ring Shaped Microstrip Antennas

In this paper, a comparative study between three different shaped Microstrip Antennas (MAs) which include rectangular, circular and annular ring-shaped geometries is presented. Cavity model technique is used for theoretical investigations. For comparison purpose, the areas of those three MAs are kept fixed. Eigenfunction, eigenvalue, resonant frequency and far-field radiation pattern are investigated and compared for all three antennas. The comparative study is presented for the first three modes for the first time, hitherto unreported.
Framework of Software Design Patterns for Energy-Aware Embedded Systems

With the increasing size and complexity of embedded systems, the impact of software on energy consumption is becoming more important. Previous research focused mainly on energy optimization at the hardware level. However, little research has been carried out regarding energy optimization at the software design level. This paper focuses on the software design level and addresses the gap between software and hardware design for embedded systems. This is achieved by proposing a framework for software design patterns, which takes aspects of power consumption and time behavior of the hardware level into account. We evaluate the expressiveness of the framework by applying it to well-known and novel design patterns. Furthermore, we introduce a dimensionless numerical efficiency factor to make possible energy savings quantifiable.
Chasing the rate: An interrupted time series analysis of interventions targeting reported hospital onset Clostridioides difficile, 2013–2018

Abstract Objective: To assess the impact of major interventions targeting infection control and diagnostic stewardship in efforts to decrease Clostridioides difficile hospital onset rates over a 6-year period. Design: Interrupted time series. Setting: The study was conducted in an 865-bed academic medical center. Methods: Monthly hospital-onset C. difficile infection (HO-CDI) rates from January 2013 through January 2019 were analyzed around 5 major interventions: (1) a 2-step cleaning process in which an initial quaternary ammonium product was followed with 10% bleach for daily and terminal cleaning of rooms of patients who have tested positive for C. difficile (February 2014), (2) UV-C device for all terminal cleaning of rooms of C. difficile patients (August 2015), (3) “contact plus” isolation precautions (June 2016), (4) sporicidal peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide cleaning in all patient areas (June 2017), (5) electronic medical record (EMR) decision support tool to facilitate appropriate C. difficile test ordering (March 2018). Results: Environmental cleaning interventions and enhanced “contact plus” isolation did not impact HO-CDI rates. Diagnostic stewardship via EMR decision support decreased the HO-CDI rate by 6.7 per 10,000 patient days (P = .0079). When adjusting rates for test volume, the EMR decision support significance was reduced to a difference of 5.1 case reductions per 10,000 patient days (P = .0470). Conclusion: Multiple aggressively implemented infection control interventions targeting CDI demonstrated a disappointing impact on endemic CDI rates over 6 years. This study adds to existing data that outside of an outbreak situation, traditional infection control guidance for CDI prevention has little impact on endemic rates.
EUS-Guided Versus Percutaneous Celiac Neurolysis for the Management of Intractable Pain Due to Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Although endoscopic ultrasound-guided celiac neurolysis (EUS-CN) and percutaneous celiac neurolysis (PCN) are utilized to manage intractable pain in pancreatic cancer patients, no direct comparison has been made between the two methods. We compared the efficacy and safety of EUS-CN and PCN in managing intractable pain in such patients. Sixty pancreatic cancer patients with intractable pain were randomly assigned to EUS-CN (n = 30) or PCN (n = 30). The primary outcomes were pain reduction in numerical rating scale (NRS) and opioid requirement reduction. Secondary outcomes were: successful pain response (NRS decrease ≥50% or ≥3-point reduction from baseline); quality of life; patient satisfaction; adverse events; and survival rate at 3 months postintervention. Both groups reported sustained decreases in pain scores up to 3 months postintervention (mean reductions in abdominal pain: 0.9 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.8 to 4.2) and 1.7 (95% CI: −0.3 to 2.1); back pain: 1.3 (95% CI: −0.9 to 3.4) and 2.5 (95% CI: −0.2 to 5.2) in EUS-CN, and PCN groups, respectively). The differences in mean pain scores between the two groups at baseline and 3 months were −0.5 (p = 0.46) and −1.4 (p = 0.11) for abdominal pain and 0.1 (p = 0.85) and −0.9 (p = 0.31) for back pain in favor of PCN. No significant differences were noted in opioid requirement reduction and other outcomes. EUS-CN and PCN were similarly effective and safe in managing intractable pain in pancreatic cancer patients. Either methods may be used depending on the resources and expertise of each institution.
Relationships between methane production and sulfate reduction in reclaimed rice field soils

The change in relationships between methane production and sulfate reduction was investigated in reclaimed rice field soils at different time points after reclamation of tidal flat in Korea. Sulfate concentrations of soils in the ca. 60‐year‐old and 26‐year‐old reclaimed rice fields were much lower than that in a natural tidal flat. During 60 d of anaerobic incubation, total methane production and sulfate consumption of the soil slurries were 7.0 μmol CH4/g and 8.2 μnol SO4 2‐/g in the 60‐year‐old rice field, 5.6 μmol CH4/g and 12.7 μmol SO4 2‐/g in the 26‐year‐old rice field, and ca. 0 μmol CH4/g and 22.4 μmol SO4 2‐/g in a natural tidal flat. Relative percent electron flow through sulfate reduction in the 60‐year‐old rice field was much lower (50.8%) compared with the 26‐year‐old rice field (69.3%) and the tidal flat (99.9%). The addition of an inhibitor of methanogenesis (2‐bromoethanesulfonate) had no effect on sulfate reduction in the soil slurries of the reclaimed rice fields. However, instant stimulation of methane production was achieved with addition of an inhibitor of sulfate reduction (molybdate) in the soil slurries from the 26‐year‐old reclaimed rice field. The specific inhibitor experiments suggest that the relationship of methanogenesis and sulfate reduction might become mutually exclusive or syntrophic depending on sulfate content in the soil after reclamation. Sulfate, thus sulfate reduction activity of sulfate‐reducing bacteria, would be an important environmental factor that inhibits methane production and determines the major pathway of electron and carbon flow in anaerobic carbon mineralization of reclaimed rice field soils.
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 in coastal environment of Alexandria, Egypt

A total of 107 coastal environment samples collected, during the period from February to December 2002, from different sites along the seashore of Alexandria City were examined for the presence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 and total colifrom bacteria (TC). Of the total examined samples, 51 (48%) were found to harbour the pathogen. The bacterium was recovered from 23 (48%) of 48 seawater, 15 (37%) of 41 fish and 13 (72%) of 18 invertebrate samples. The pathogen was detected in the environmental samples during all the sampling months. Some stations proved to be contaminated over the entire period of study; however, others were not. As a general trend, a positive correlation between TC counts and the presence of the pathogen was observed. Also, numbers of TC and the incidence of the bacterium were relatively high during the warmest months. Measures that prevent the risk of infection by such pathogen are discussed.
Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26, and other SARS‐CoV‐2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID‐19 risk factors

Morbidity and mortality from COVID‐19 caused by novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 is accelerating worldwide, and novel clinical presentations of COVID‐19 are often reported. The range of human cells and tissues targeted by SARS‐CoV‐2, its potential receptors and associated regulating factors are still largely unknown. The aim of our study was to analyze the expression of known and potential SARS‐CoV‐2 receptors and related molecules in the extensive collection of primary human cells and tissues from healthy subjects of different age and from patients with risk factors and known comorbidities of COVID‐19.
Multisite phosphorylation determines the formation of Ska–Ndc80 macro-complexes that are essential for chromosome segregation during mitosis

The human Ska complex (Ska) localizing to both spindle microtubules and kinetochores is essential for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis. Although several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Ska is recruited to kinetochores, it is still not fully understood. By analyzing Ska3 phosphorylation, we identified six critical Cdk1 sites, including the previously identified Thr358 and Thr360. Mutations of these sites to phospho-deficient alanine (6A) in cells completely abolished Ska3 localization to kinetochores and Ska functions in chromosome segregation. In vitro, Cdk1 phosphorylation on Ska enhanced WT, not phospho-deficient 6A, binding to Ndc80C. Strikingly, the phosphomimetic Ska 6D complex formed a stable macro-complex with Ndc80C, but Ska WT failed to do so. These results suggest that multisite Cdk1 phosphorylation-enabled Ska–Ndc80 binding is decisive for Ska localization to kinetochores and its functions. Moreover, we found that Ska decrease at kinetochores triggered by the microtubule-depolymerizing drug nocodazole is independent of Aurora B but can be overridden by Ska3 overexpression, suggestive of a role of spindle microtubules in promoting Ska kinetochore recruitment. Thus, based on the current and previous results, we propose that multisite Cdk1 phosphorylation is critical for the formation of Ska–Ndc80 macro-complexes that are essential for chromosome segregation.
ELISA and immunocytochemical detection of Fusarium solani-produced naphthazarin toxins in citrus trees in Florida

Naphthazarin toxins of Fusarium solani were detected by competitive ELISA analysis in xylem fluid of roots rotted by F. solani and symptomless scaffold roots and branches of healthy-appearing and diseased citrus trees in ridge and flatwoods Florida groves. Studies concentrated on blight, a wilt disease with an undefined cause and etiology, to determine if F. solanis is a causal factor of the disease. Healthy-appearing roots of trees with blight symptoms in six groves contained up to 11.4 times more toxin than roots of healthy trees in the same groves (.)
Augmentation of Flat Bone Area Using Tetrapod-Shaped Artificial Bone in Rats

1) Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan 2) Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan 3) Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Facility of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 4) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan (Accepted for publication, December 11, 2014) Original
Needle size and nitrogen concentration of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus contorta

Needle mass, length, and nitrogen concentration, and their relation to site index were studied for lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Needles were collected at 53 locations throughout Sweden where the two species, of the same age, were growing on adjacent, comparable sites. Sampling was done throughout the growing season, with a pause during the period of most active growth. Needles of lodgepole pine had a higher mass, were longer, and had a lower nitrogen concentration than those of Scots pine. Site index was positively correlated to needle length and weight for both species, and to nitrogen concentration for lodgepole pine. For the characteristics studied, the relative differences between needles of the two species decreased with increasing site index.
Aminoglycosides in Immunocompromised Critically Ill Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia and Septic Shock: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Multinational Cohort.

BACKGROUND The routine use of empiric combination therapy with aminoglycosides during critical illness is associated with uncertain benefit and increased risk of acute kidney injury. This study aimed to assess the benefits of aminoglycosides in immunocompromised patients with suspected bacterial pneumonia and sepsis. METHODS Secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter study. Adult immunocompromised patients with suspected bacterial pneumonia and sepsis or septic shock were included. Primary outcome was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). Mortality was also assessed in neutropenic patients and in those with confirmed bacterial pneumonia. Results were further analyzed in a cohort matched on risk of receiving aminoglycosides combination. RESULTS 535 patients were included in this analysis, of whom 187 (35%) received aminoglycosides in addition to another antibiotic effective against gram-negative bacteria. Overall hospital mortality was 59.6% (58.3% vs. 60.3% in patients receiving and not receiving combination therapy; P = 0.71). Lack of association between mortality and aminoglycosides was confirmed after adjustment for confounders and center effect (adjusted OR 1.14 [0.69-1.89]) and in a propensity matched cohort (adjusted OR = 0.89 [0.49-1.61]). No association was found between aminoglycosides and need for RRT (adjusted OR = 0.83 [0.49-1.39], p = 0.477), nor between aminoglycoside use and outcome in neutropenic patients or in patients with confirmed bacterial pneumonia (adjusted OR 0.66 [0.23-1.85] and 1.25 [0.61-2.57], respectively). CONCLUSION Aminoglycoside combination therapy was not associated with hospital mortality or need for renal replacement therapy in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary sepsis.
Realizing a System of Coupled Microgrids using a Single-phase AC Power Exchange Link

Overloading and renewable-based excessive generation can be observed in autonomous microgrids (MGs) and this can lead to unacceptable voltage or frequency deviation. Such problems can be alleviated by mechanisms, such as load-shedding or curtailment of renewable sources. Alternatively, provisional power exchange among the neighboring MGs, can improve the situation in a more economic and effective way. The power exchange link between the MGs can be in the form of a three-phase ac but a single-phase ac link is more cost-effective. This approach requires power electronics-based converters to convert a three-phase ac microgrid into a single-phase power exchange link and control the power-sharing amongst them. This paper has proposed a decentralized approach to control the neighboring MGs to realize power-sharing through such a structure. The performance of the proposed control mechanisms is evaluated through simulation studies in PSIM®.
The First Three-Dimensional Printed and Wet-Metallized Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

This letter presents the first 3-D printed Coriolis mass flowmeter, along with its fabrication and experimental characterization. The sensor is conceived to operate in the mode-split conditions with a mismatch between the driven mode and sensed mode resonance frequencies of about 25 Hz around a nominal frequency of 250 Hz. The fabrication process is based on a smart combination of 3D-printing techniques and wet-metallization procedures, with the interesting features of a 200-μm capacitive gap, 500-μm wide 3D-printed microchannel walls, and metallization only on the outer channel surface, which prevents the application of a huge potential on the flowing fluid in operation. The measurements confirm, within a factor 3, the expected performance, with a 60 μV/(g/h) scale factor and a 3 g/hrms resolution on a 1-Hz bandwidth.
THE FUNCTION OF PHYTOCHROME IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT—IV. LIGHT QUALITY AND PLANT DEVELOPMENT

Abstract— Studies of the effect of light quality on the growth of Cucurbita pepo L. and Chenopodium album L. showed that large changes in morphological development can be induced by altering the proportion of red and far‐red in the incident radiation. Although phytochrome photoequilibria established at the beginning of the dark period affected development, similar changes were achieved with long term and continuous irradiation. The change in the growth pattern of C. album (a common weed species in cultivated land) caused by simulated wheat canopy shade, appeared to involve a redirection of growth towards processes which would achieve greater height at the expense of lateral growth. The evidence presented supports the hypothesis that phytochrome may be involved in the detection of mutual shading and the modification of development in an appropriate manner.
Optimized One vs One Approach in Multiclass Classification for Early Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

The detection of Alzheimer’s Disease in its early stages is crucial for patient care and drugs development. Motivated by this fact, the neuroimaging community has extensively applied machine learning techniques to the early diagnosis problem with promising results. The organization of challenges has helped the community to address different raised problems and to standardize the approaches to the problem. In this work we use the data from international challenge for automated prediction of MCI from MRI data to address the multiclass classification problem. We propose a novel multiclass classification approach that addresses the outlier detection problem, uses pairwise t-test feature selection, project the selected features onto a Partial-Least-Squares multiclass subspace, and applies one-versus-one error correction output codes classification. The proposed method yields to an accuracy of 67% in the multiclass classification, outperforming all the proposals of the competition.
Intramitochondrial distribution of three acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in rat liver parenchymal cells revealed by quantitative immunoelectron microscopy.

It is well known that there are two sites for f8-oxidation of fatty acids in rat liver, one being mitochondria (6, 19), the other peroxisomes (9). The former fl-oxidation spiral is cyanide sensitive and started by dehydration of fatty acyl-CoA, whereas the latter system is cyanide-insensitive and started by oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA (2). Furthermore, the peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation system is inducible by hypolipidemic drugs (4, 8) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (7, 12). All the enzymes of these two fl-oxidation systems were purified from each subcellular compartment and their molecular, immunochemical, and catalytic properties were studied (5, 7, 10, 11). It was demonstrated that the enzymes of the mitochondrial fl-oxidation spiral are different from the corresponding enzymes of the peroxisomal fl-oxidation system in all properties examined (5, 7, 10, 11). In the previous study we immunocytochemically demonstrated that the mitochondrial fl-oxidation enzymes are associated with the innermembrane of the rat liver mitochondria (21). Furthermore, it was shown that a protein A-gold technique combined with low temperature embedding by Lowicryl K4M is adequate
The Application of Improved Independent Component Analysis in Identification of Harmonic Sources

Harmonic pollution has always been an important issue in power qualities. The key to harmonic administrator is to identify the harmonic sources in the power grid and find the locations as well. In this paper, the harmonic source identification problem is regarded as the blind source separation problem. The mathematical model and basic principle of independent component analysis (ICA) are discussed. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based on gradient acceleration is introduced into independent component analysis. The principle and basic clue of improved independent component analysis are proposed. The improved independent component analysis method is applied here to identify the harmonic source. Finally, the simulation is carried out in the IEEE-14 node harmonic test system. The results show that the method is effective for harmonic sources identification when the network parameters and topologies are unknown.
A brief Review on techniques used for Breast cancer detection using antennas

Breast cancer is one of the most invasive diseases. seen mostly in women. Early detection of this is possible through proper methodology. Many antennas have been developed to detect the cancer at early stages. Research was carried out in Ultra Wide Band range in different models of patch antennas. This review paper compares all the different techniques used in Ultra wide band and discusses the limitations and methodologies used for priori detection of cancer.