Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Subjectivity Detection using Unsupervised Subjectivity Word Sense Disambiguation

This research work has been partially funded by the Spanish Government through the project TEXT-MESS 2.0 (TIN2009-13391-C04), “Analisis de Tendencias Mediante Tecnicas de Opinion Semantica” (TIN2012-38536-C03-03), and SAM - Dynamic Social & Media Content Syndication for 2nd Screen (FP7-611312); and by the Valencian Government through the project PROMETEO (PROMETEO/2009/199).
vAScuLAR ENDOthELIAL GROwth fActOR AND SuRvIvIN ImmuNOStAINING IN GAStRIc ADENOcARcINOmA jARoSłAw

Two molecules – vascular endothelial growth factor involved in new vessels formation and survivin – antiapoptotic protein, reported to be associated with worse prognosis in various malignancies have been chosen for the study. Both are potential target for novel therapies the aim of the study was to determine the immunostaining of VEGF and survivin in gastric carcinoma and to analyse their relationship to the selected clinicopathological features and survival. material and methods. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 41 gastric adenocarcinomas were used for immunohistochemical reaction with monoclonal antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor and survivin. The results were compared with selected clinicopathological features and survival. Results. Positive immunohistochemical reaction for vascular endothelial growth factor and survivin was revealed in 24 (58,53%) and 30 (73,17%), gastric carcinomas respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor-negative gastric carcinomas were significantly more common in cases without metastases to regional lymph nodes and distant organs and in less advanced cases. Similar, distant metastases were also statistically less common in survivin-negative carcinomas. The differences in immunohistochemical reactions for survivin between less and more advanced cases almost reach statistical significance. The only factors significantly influenced 1, 2 and 3-year survival were vascular endothelial growth factor and survivin status. Statistically significant higher percentage of survival was noted in patients with vascular endothelial growth factorand survivin-negative tumors. conclusions. It seems that vascular endothelial growth factor and survivin play role in local invasion and spread of gastric adenocarcinoma and negatively influences survival. However, further studies are required to assess their true usefulness in the clinical practice.
Introduction to the HESI-sponsored inhibin consortium.

The existence of a compound from the tubular fraction of the testis which acts on the pituitary was first proposed in writing by McCullagh in 1932. This was inferred by observing the differential effects on the prostate and the pituitary when animals were administered water-soluble or ether-soluble extracts of testis. Because the water-soluble extract inhibited pituitary hypertrophy, he dubbed this moiety inhibin (his androitin for the ether-soluble actor later became testosterone). The early literature has been nicely reviewed (Ying, 1988). The early assays for inhibin were bioassays (e.g., Steinberger and Steinberger, 1976), later superseded by the more-sensitive radioimmunoassays, and now ELISAs. Inhibin has been used for several years as a clinical tool to help diagnose and categorize male infertility patients (e.g., Pierik et al., 1998; reviewed in Lockwood 2004, Adamopoulos and Koukkou, 2010, and Anderson and Sharpe, 2000). There has been a robust literature on various aspects on the physiology of the hormone, for example, trying to discern what controls circulating levels of Inhibin B in males (e.g., Ramaswamy et al., 1999), or describing the relationship between Inhibin and FSH (e.g., von Eckerdstein et al., 1999; Kamischke et al., 2001), or determining the impact of different germ cell populations on circulating Inhibin B levels (e.g., Pineau et al., 1989; Allenby et al., 1991; Clifton et al., 2002), or outlining Inhibin B’s role in development (Byrd et al., 1998) or evaluating its use as an epidemiologic marker (e.g., Ellingsen et al., 2007). There are numerous excellent reviews on this subject, a few of which are Meachem et al. (2001), de Kretser et al. (2004), and Stewart and Turner (2005). Because the large interand intraindividual variability makes sperm count and semen studies quite insensitive (e.g., Schrader et al., 1988), toxicologists and epidemiologists have long been looking for a more sensitive (i.e., less noisy and more responsive) biomarker of damage to the seminiferous tubules. Inhibin B seemed to fill this need, and indeed was found to respond to several different types of toxicities, especially over sufficient periods of time (Wallace et al., 1997; Tsatsoulis et al., 1988; Foppiani et al., 1999; Hild et al., 2001; Suescun et al., 2001; rev. in Stewart and Turner, 2005; Tunc et al., 2006).
Neutrophil-Derived Cytosolic PLA2α Contributes to Bacterial-Induced Neutrophil Transepithelial Migration

Eicosanoids are a group of bioactive lipids that are shown to be important mediators of neutrophilic inflammation; selective targeting of their function confers therapeutic benefit in a number of diseases. Neutrophilic airway diseases, including cystic fibrosis, are characterized by excessive neutrophil infiltration into the airspace. Understanding the role of eicosanoids in this process may reveal novel therapeutic targets. The eicosanoid hepoxilin A3 is a pathogen-elicited epithelial-produced neutrophil chemoattractant that directs transepithelial migration in response to infection. Following hepoxilin A3–driven transepithelial migration, neutrophil chemotaxis is amplified through neutrophil production of a second eicosanoid, leukotriene B4 (LTB4). The rate-limiting step of eicosanoid generation is the liberation of arachidonic acid by phospholipase A2, and the cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)α isoform has been specifically shown to direct LTB4 synthesis in certain contexts. Whether cPLA2α is directly responsible for neutrophil synthesis of LTB4 in the context of Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced neutrophil transepithelial migration has not been explored. Human and mouse neutrophil–epithelial cocultures were used to evaluate the role of neutrophil-derived cPLA2α in infection-induced transepithelial signaling by pharmacological and genetic approaches. Primary human airway basal stem cell–derived epithelial cultures and micro-optical coherence tomography, a new imaging modality that captures two- and three-dimensional real-time dynamics of neutrophil transepithelial migration, were applied. Evidence from these studies suggests that cPLA2α expressed by neutrophils, but not epithelial cells, plays a significant role in infection-induced neutrophil transepithelial migration by mediating LTB4 synthesis during migration, which serves to amplify the magnitude of neutrophil recruitment in response to epithelial infection.
Effects of a novel 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase inhibitor on the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cells.

Within the cholesterol biosynthesis cascade, the enzyme 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase [EC 5.4. 99.7] is of special interest due to its dual function: cyclization of 2,3-monoepoxysqualene to lanosterol and 2,3;22,23-diepoxysqualene to oxylanosterol. Further determination of the significance of this enzyme for the intracellular cholesterol homeostasis was done with BIBX 79, a new potent, specific inhibitor of this enzyme. In HepG2 cells the effects of BIBX 79 on cholesterol biosynthesis, 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase as well as HMG-CoA reductase activities were studied. BIBX 79 is a potent inhibitor of sterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cells (IC50 4 x 10(-9) M). No other enzyme within the cholesterol biosynthesis cascade was significantly inhibited as was evidenced by a radio HPLC detection system. In contrast to simvastatin, no direct interaction with HMG-CoA reductase was observed. When incubating HepG2 cells for 16 h with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin (10(-6)-10(-10) M) HMG-CoA reductase activity was increased up to 180%. BIBX 79 did also affect HMG-CoA reductase activity under these conditions: in concentrations of BIBX 79 "> or =" 10(-9) "< or =" 10(-7) M, where a partial inhibition of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase is observed, HMG-CoA reductase activity was decreased. However, higher concentrations of BIBX 79 that totally blocked 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase led to an increase in HMG-CoA reductase activity. This effect of BIBX 79 on HMG-CoA reductase is thought to be mainly mediated by oxysterols that are formed by the cyclization of 2,3;22,23-diepoxysqualene. 2,3;22,23-Diepoxysqualene is preferentially cyclized by the 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase and, consequently, only high inhibitor concentrations will also block 2,3;22,23-diepoxysqualene cyclization. Thus, by partial blockade of this enzyme, both an inhibition of lanosterol and subsequently cholesterol formation as well as a concomitant effect on HMG-CoA reductase can be achieved. Both effects complement each other and lead to an effective control of cholesterol biosynthesis. It is therefore concluded that 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase plays a crucial role in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis. 2,3-Oxidosqualene cyclase inhibitors offer an attractive approach for novel lipid-lowering agents.
Managing Pattern-Specific Fixed Costs in Integrated Device Manufacturing

This paper presents an empirically grounded model, which links organizational learning to pattern-specific fixed costs in integrated device manufacturing. The approach described in this paper helps fab managers make fundamental strategic decisions concerning product design and product mix by engaging in scenario planning. Four critical aspects of managing pattern-specific fixed cost are analyzed in detail-sensitivity to time, design cost, and production volume; platform designs; process postponement solutions; and design penalties. The model suggests that designers and fabrication facilities must collaborate extensively on the design and realizations of product platforms for state-of-the-art integrated circuit products to remain economically viable.
P‐selectin binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide

Multiple organ failure associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation is a frequent complication in septic shock patients. Accumulation of platelets and neutrophils in the organs contributes to the manifestation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced organ failure. Although a direct interaction between LPS and platelets is well documented, the nature of the surface receptor for LPS on platelets is unknown. In this article we show that P‐selectin is a receptor for LPS. The binding of LPS to P‐selectin is independent of Ca2+ , and is blocked by antibodies to P‐selectin, lipid A and fucoidan. Platelets pre‐treated with thrombin showed fourfold higher binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐conjugated LPS compared to untreated platelets and the binding of FITC‐conjugated LPS to platelets was blocked in the presence of anti‐P‐selectin antibodies. It is likely that the binding of LPS via P‐selectin on activated platelets or epithelium could have a significant role in the pathophysiology of organ failure in septic shock.
Optimization of coils for magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer system based on maximum output power

Magnetically coupled resonant (MCR) wireless power transfer (WPT) technology is efficient and practical for mid-range wireless energy transmission. For the design of MCR WPT system, it is necessary to seek optimal transmission performance under different applications. This paper presented an equivalent analytical model for such system to incorporate spatial misalignments between the transmitting coils and receiving coils. According to the obtained model, the relationship among the output power, spatial misalignments and coil parameters were analyzed in detail. To achieve maximum output power and high stability of power transfer in a specific misalignments range, a normalization method was introduced, providing critical insight into the optimal design of coils. Relative design considerations and optimization procedures were further stated. Experiments had also been carried out to evaluate the accuracy of theoretical analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed method.
PET and PET/CT in cardiovascular disease

The present review provides an overview of the role of cardiac positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. It expands on the relative advantages and disadvantages over other imaging modalities as well as the available evidence supporting its value in the diagnosis and management of patients with coronary artery disease, the assessment of myocardial viability, and evaluation of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system. Furthermore, the recent developments, such as the implementation of high‐end computed tomography devices to form hybrid systems, and the advances of molecular imaging probes in experimental applications are briefly discussed.
On k-th nearest neighbor distance distribution of random ad-hoc network

The internodal distance is an important characteristic of ad-hoc wireless networks and sensor networks. Some important properties like propagation delay, like capacity etc. are depending on the internodal distance. In this paper we consider a d-dimensional binomial point process (BPP) having N points distributed uniformly over a compact space S ⊂ Rd. Here we prove that the kth nearest neighbor distance in binomial point process converges weakly to the nth nearest neighbor distance in Poisson point process, which follows a generalize gamma density.
Evolution of the Band Alignment at Polar Oxide Interfaces

First-principles calculations demonstrate the evolution of the band alignment at La0.7A0. 3MnO3La1�xAxOTiO2 SrTiO3001 heterointerfaces, where A = Ca, Sr, or Ba, as the interfacial A-site composition, La1�xAx, is varied from x = 0.5 to x = 1.0. This variation leads to a linear change in the SrTiO3 valence-band offset with respect to the Fermi level of the La0.7A0. 3MnO3 metal electrode and hence to a linear change in the Schottky barrier height at this interface. The effect arises due to electrostatic screening of the polar interface, altering the interfacial dipole and hence the electrostatic potential step at this interface. We find that both the La0.7A0. 3MnO3 and SrTiO3 layers contribute to screening with both electronic and ionic screening being important for the change in the interface dipole. The results are in agreement with the recent experimental data.
Mitotic Degradation of Human Thymidine Kinase 1 Is Dependent on the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome-Cdh1-Mediated Pathway

ABSTRACT The expression of human thymidine kinase 1 (hTK1) is highly dependent on the growth states and cell cycle stages in mammalian cells. The amount of hTK1 is significantly increased in the cells during progression to the S and M phases, and becomes barely detectable in the early G1 phase by a proteolytic control during mitotic exit. This tight regulation is important for providing the correct pool of dTTP for DNA synthesis at the right time in the cell cycle. Here, we investigated the mechanism responsible for mitotic degradation of hTK1. We show that hTK1 is degraded via a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in mammalian cells and that anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activator Cdh1 is not only a necessary but also a rate-limiting factor for mitotic degradation of hTK1. Furthermore, a KEN box sequence located in the C-terminal region of hTK1 is required for its mitotic degradation and interaction capability with Cdh1. By in vitro ubiquitinylation assays, we demonstrated that hTK1 is targeted for degradation by the APC/C-Cdh1 ubiquitin ligase dependent on this KEN box motif. Taken together, we concluded that activation of the APC/C-Cdh1 complex during mitotic exit controls timing of hTK1 destruction, thus effectively minimizing dTTP formation from the salvage pathway in the early G1 phase of the cell cycle in mammalian cells.
Isolation and Characterization of a New Clostridium sp. That Performs Effective Cellulosic Waste Digestion in a Thermophilic Methanogenic Bioreactor

ABSTRACT A methanogenic bioreactor that utilized wastepaper was developed and operated at 55°C. Microbial community structure analysis showed the presence of a group of clostridia that specifically occurred during the period of high fermentation efficiency. To isolate the effective cellulose digester, the sludge that exhibited high fermentation efficiency was inoculated into a synthetic medium that contained cellulose powder as the sole carbon source and was successively cultivated. A comprehensive 16S rRNA gene sequencing study revealed that the enriched culture contained various clostridia that had diverse phylogenetic positions. The microorganisms were further enriched by successive cultivation with filter paper as the substrate, as well as the bait carrier. A resultant isolate, strain EBR45 (= Clostridium sp. strain NBRC101661), was a new member of the order Clostridiales phylogenetically and physiologically related to Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium straminisolvens. Specific PCR-based monitoring demonstrated that strain EBR45 specifically occurred during the high fermentation efficiency period in the original methanogenic sludge. Strain EBR45 effectively digested office paper in its pure cultivation system with a synthetic medium.
Carrying the Pipe: Maliseet Elder, Healer and Teacher Imelda Perley

CANADIAN WOMAN STUDIES/LES CAHIERS DE LA FEMME Imelda Perley est une aînée Maliseet dont le travail se concentre sur le langage comme un remède. Son travail lui a permis de faire connaître le leadership des femmes autochtones durant la dernière période colonialiste. L’approche de Perly est profondément enracinée dans les traditions Maliseet, et quoiqu’elle soit inspirée par des ressources extérieures, elle travaille à l’intérieur des contraintes rencontrées par toutes les femmes autochtones.
Serum Amyloid A (SAA): a Concise Review of Biology, Assay Methods and Clinical Usefulness

Abstract Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a family of proteins encoded in a multigene complex. Acute phase isotypes SAA1 and SAA2 are synthesized in response to inflammatory cytokines. SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) are now the most sensitive indicators for assessing inflammatory activity. In viral infection and kidney allograft rejection, SAA proved more useful than CRP. Development of convenient assay methods for SAA will facilitate its use in clinical laboratories.
Difficult problems in thyroid surgery.

T he successful diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease is based on a thorough understanding of the normal anatomic and physiologic features of the thyroid gland. This is especially true for patients who require surgical intervention for thyroid disease. Like all operative procedures, thyroidectomy has the potential for complications, but this risk can be minimized. To achieve this goal, knowledge of the thyroid anatomic and physiologic features is needed to apply the indications for thyroid operations, to provide adequate preoperative assessment, to choose the most suitable anesthetic, and to perform a technically precise operation. With proper training and experience, the risks of thyroidectomy can be eliminated for most patients and reduced in all patients.
D 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Endocannabinoid Degradative Enzyme Inhibitors Attenuate Intracranial Self-Stimulation in Mice s

A growing body of evidence implicates endogenous cannabinoids as modulators of the mesolimbic dopamine system and motivated behavior. Paradoxically, the reinforcing effects of D-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive constituent of cannabis, have been difficult to detect in preclinical rodent models. In this study, we investigated the impact of THC and inhibitors of the endocannabinoid hydrolytic enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) on operant responding for electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle [intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS)], which is known to activate the mesolimbic dopamine system. These drugs were also tested in assays of operant responding for food reinforcement and spontaneous locomotor activity. THC and theMAGL inhibitor JZL184 (4-[bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) hydroxymethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester) attenuated operant responding for ICSS and food, and also reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. In contrast, the FAAH inhibitor PF-3845 (N-3-pyridinyl-4-[[3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenyl]methyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide) was largely without effect in these assays. Consistent with previous studies showing that combined inhibition of FAAH and MAGL produces a substantially greater cannabimimetic profile than single enzyme inhibition, the dual FAAH-MAGL inhibitor SA-57 (4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl ester) produced a similar magnitude of ICSS depression as that produced by THC. ICSS attenuation by JZL184 was associated with increased brain levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), whereas peak effects of SA-57 were associated with increased levels of both N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-AG. The cannabinoid receptor type 1 receptor antagonist rimonabant, but not the cannabinoid receptor type 2 receptor antagonist SR144528, blocked the attenuating effects of THC, JZL184, and SA-57 on ICSS. Thus, THC, MAGL inhibition, and dual FAAH-MAGL inhibition not only reduce ICSS, but also decrease other reinforced and nonreinforced behaviors.
Constructing fail-controlled nodes for distributed systems : a software approach

Designing and implementing distributed systems which continue to provide specified services in the presence of processing site and communication failures is a difficult task. To facilitate their development, distributed systems have been built assuming that their underlying hardware components are Jail-controlled, i.e. present a well defined failure mode. However, if conventional hardware cannot provide the assumed failure mode, there is a need to build processing sites or nodes, and communication infra-structure that present the fail-controlled behaviour assumed. Coupling a number of redundant processors within a replicated node is a well known way of constructing fail-controlled nodes. Computation is replicated and executed simultaneously at each processor, and by employing suitable validation techniques to the outputs generated by processors (e.g. majority voting, comparison), outputs from faulty processors can be prevented from appearing at the application level. One way of constructing replicated nodes is by introducing hardwired mechanisms to couple replicated processors with specialised validation hardware circuits. Processors are tightly synchronised at the clock cycle level, and have their outputs validated by a reliable validation hardware. Another approach is to use software mechanisms to perform synchronisation of processors and validation of the outputs. The main advantage of hardware based nodes is the minimum performance overhead incurred. However, the introduction of special circuits may increase the complexity of the design tremendously. Further, every new microprocessor architecture requires considerable redesign overhead. Software based nodes do not present these problems, on the other hand, they introduce much bigger performance overheads to the system. In this thesis we investigate alternative ways of constructing efficient fail-controlled, software based replicated nodes. In particular, we present much more efficient order protocols, which are necessary for the implementation of these nodes. Our protocols, unlike others published to date, do not require processors' physical clocks to be explicitly synchronised. The main contribution of this thesis is the precise definition of the semantics of a software based Jail-silent node, along with its efficient design, implementation and performance evaluation.