Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-level models for a light electric vehicle propulsion system using EMR organisation

The paper describes the implementation and developing of the multi-level models for the electrical machine under study. The targeted approach was to create simulation programs with 3 different complexity levels. The first one was designed to use constant parameters of the machine, the second one engaged look-up table based DQ inductance variations vs. currents while the most complex one, was based on 3D matrixes for the DQ flux variations vs the currents. All these studies were engaged on a known permanent magnet synchronous machine for which the complete identification and design data is available. A finite element analysis (FEA) of the machine is performed in order to evaluate its electromagnetic behavior and perform the parameter computation. All the models are built in MATLAB/Simulink using Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR), an efficient tool for the control design and model organization.
Optimal Multi-Harmonic Current Injection Strategy for an Asymmetrical Nine-Phase PMSM

The paper develops a strategy to enhance the torque development for a nine-phase PMSM with an asymmetrical winding configuration and a single isolated neutral point. The approach is based on the simultaneous exploitation of different spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux density in the air-gap, which requires both a non-sinusoidal set of PM induced back-EMFs and a non-sinusoidal set of phase currents (thus implying the injection of multiple harmonics). By formulating the machine’s mathematical model in a proper multiple synchronous reference frames, the electromagnetic torque is given by the superposition of different harmonic quadrature current component contributions: their simultaneous utilization allows to meet a set optimization goal. The proposed approach focuses on the minimization of the average stator losses for a given reference torque. The optimal solution is found analytically and validated numerically for a specific case study. With respect to the sole fundamental current exploitation, the proposed technique allows for a significant reduction of the average losses but, given the machine’s configuration, it requires an uneven distribution of the third harmonic current component among the nine phases.
A Large-scale Analysis of Cloud Service Abuse

Cyber-attackers abuse cloud services as an infrastructure for their attacks. In a cloud service, the assigned Internet Protocol (IP) address for a server is owned by the cloud service provider. When the server is shut down, the assigned IP address is released and then assigned to another server in the same cloud service. Thus, cyber-attackers abusing cloud services pose a risk to legitimate service providers, developers, and end users of potentially being falsely blacklisted, which results in a poorer reputation for the service. In this study, we conducted a large-scale measurement of cloud service abuse using blacklisted IP addresses. Our analysis of four cloud services over 154 days using 39 blacklists revealed that a total of 61,060 IP addresses from these cloud service providers were blacklisted, approximately 14,000 IP addresses continue to be blacklisted, and approximately 5% are replaced daily. Moreover, our study revealed trends in attacks that abuse cloud services with respect to attack type, region, duration, and anti-abuse actions. Finally, we discussed recommendations for cloud service users, cloud service providers, and blacklist providers.
RAPD markers associated with resistance to blackleg disease in Brassica species

Blackleg, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, is a serious disease of Brassica species. Genetic analysis of resistance to L. maculans was carried out with 15 accessions from the USDA Brassica germplasm collections, representing diploids (A, C), and tetraploid (AC) genomes, respectively; and 9 cultivars from the National Winter Canola Variety Trials (NWCVT) all carrying AC genomes. All genotypes were screened for blackleg disease at the cotyledonary stage. The results indicated that 46% of the 24 genotypes were resistant, while 54% were susceptible. On the other hand, adult plant screening revealed that all the public genotypes were resistant. In an effort to identify molecular markers associated with resistance to blackleg disease, all genotypes were screened with 13 RAPD and 8 SSR markers producing 169 amplified products. Six RAPD markers (OPB01, OPE03, OPE16, OPF10, OPE12, and OPI01) were polymorphic, while the SSR markers were monomorphic. Chi-square analysis indicated that 5 amplified fragments (OPE03-4000, OPE16-1100, OPE16-1300, OPE16-1900, and OPI01- 280) from RAPD primers were significantly associated with blackleg resistance. Thus this study demonstrated that RAPD primers could be effectively used to identify DNA markers that are associated with blackleg disease resistance, and that resistance to L. maculans might also exist in the A and C genomes.
Comparison of Current Control Strategies for Low- and High-Power Switched Reluctance Motor Drives

Due to the non-linear characteristics of switched reluctance machines (SRMs), the performance of a current control technique varies drastically depending on the motor, especially those with different power ratings. This paper evaluates multiple current control techniques for two SRM’s-a low-power, four-phase SRM and a high-power, three-phase SRM – and observes the controller performance at different power levels. The simulated current control techniques include hysteresis, a fixed gain proportional-integral (PI), a combination of hysteresis and PI, and predictive control. The results prove that the machine characteristics significantly affect the current waveforms when the same control techniques are being used for the low- and high-power SRM drives.
Comparative Study of Three Snubber Circuits for a Phase-Shift Converter

The phase-shift full-bridge converter (PSFB) is one of the most popular topologies for high power and high output voltage converters. A high number of turns are usually needed to design the main transformer used in this converter for galvanic isolation, resulting in large leakage inductances and stray capacitances of this transformer. The parasitic inductances in combination with the parasitic capacitances of the power semiconductor devices used can cause ringing oscillations leading to: electromagnetic compatibility problems and large voltage overshoot that can damage the power semiconductors. To reduce the high amplitude voltage oscillation produced by ringing, different snubber circuits are used. In the present paper, three snubbers will be compared: a passive resistor-diode-capacitor (RDC) snubber, a clamp diodes snubber and a regenerative active clamping snubber. Advantages and disadvantages as well as differences between them will be highlighted. The work will also propose a novel control method for the regenerative active clamping snubber that uses an extra winding on the output coil. Simulations and experimental results are used to validate the efficiency of the control method.
Hybrid ANN-Linear Controller for Maximum PV Energy Harvesting in Grid-Tied Packed E-Cell Inverter

This paper proposes a novel auxiliary control loop based on irradiation and ambient temperature for online estimation of the inverter current; consequently, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is achieved while Photo Voltaic (PV) panel is connected to the grid through the Nine-Level Packed E-Cell (PEC9) inverter. To this end, a hybrid control method including an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), PID and PI controllers is designed to achieve the Maximum Power (MP) of PV system connected to grid using Nine-Level PEC9 as a cost-effective and high efficient inverter topology. MPPT is performed by a boost converter controlled by Perturbation and Observation (P&O) algorithm. PEC9 is controlled by a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) which increases the closed loop robustness performance against the parameters variations. The experimental and simulation studies have been implemented by dSpace-1104, MATLAB software and JKM265P-60 PV panel. The experimental results show that PEC9 inverter succeeds in injecting the MP of PV to the grid with least THD level even in shading and variable temperature conditions.
The Phosphorus Legacy of Former Agricultural Land use Can Affect the Production of Germinable Seeds in Forest Herbs

Abstract: Land-use history can have large effects on the different life stages and demography of forest plant species. Here we studied how the legacies of former land use in post-agricultural forests, and increased phosphorus (P) availability in particular, may alter the germinability and seed quantity in populations of the forest herbs Primula elatior and Geum urbanum. We collected seeds in experimental populations of P. elatior and G. urbanum established in post-agricultural and ancient forest stands 10 y ago and determined the number of seeds per fruit and germination percentage. The effect of P availability on the production of germinable seeds was tested in a pot experiment with 3 P levels. Former land use had an impact on the mean germination percentage: seed germinability tended to be higher in post-agricultural compared to ancient forest sites. For G. urbanum, the number of seeds per fruit was also higher in post-agricultural forest. Whereas P availability had no effect on G. urbanum seed quantity and germinability, the germination percentage of P. elatior seeds increased significantly with P supply. Whereas previous studies showed that former agricultural land use can have detrimental effects on particular life stages of forest herbs (e.g., reduced juvenile or adult survival), the production of germinable seeds might rather benefit from it. The environmental legacies of former land use thus affect the various life stages of a plant differently, which results in complex effects of land-use history on the demography of forest plants.
Effect of Defects on the Quench Properties of Stacked REBCO Tapes

The local thermal disturbance will produce a joule heat. When the joule heat is larger than the minimum quench energy (MQE), it will lead to the phenomenon of a quench. The same problem exists in stacked superconducting tapes. In this article, the defects in REBCO tapes were created using the bending method. The voltage and temperature traces were measured during the quench process. The quench characteristics of the MQE and normal zone propagation velocity (NZPV) of the stacked REBCO tapes were investigated of different stacked REBCO tapes in the following configurations: two defects-free tapes; one defect-free tape and one tape with a defect; and both tapes with defects. The MQE of the stacked tapes with the defect is smaller than that of the tapes without defects, while the NZPV of the stacked tapes with the defect is larger than that of the tapes without defects.
Capitalizing on Learning Analytics Dashboard for Maximizing Student Outcomes

With ongoing advancements in technology enabled learning, an opportunity has risen for educators to enhance student learning with use of Learning Analytics. Educational institutions are using Learning Analytics Dashboards (LAD) to provide students with timely and personalized feedback in visual format. LAD use advanced analytical capabilities that capitalize on online learner activities that are extracted from log files. They provide data-driven insights on current learning contexts and inform management on any learning intervention strategies that may be needed to support students in achieving their learning outcomes. Besides students, the perspective of instructors too is considered. Using easy-to-read graphical reporting formats (e.g., line graphs, scatter plot, bar charts, etc.), the LAD reveals a consolidated view of how online learning is taking place. In this manner, a snapshot depicting details of student learning patterns can enable instructors to monitor their students’ learning strategies. At the same time, the LAD assists students too by providing them with a personalized environment to help them engage better with the learning outcomes. Therefore, LAD is increasingly used as a pedagogical approach to motivate students and help build their self-learning capacity. In this study, we propose to develop a real-time dashboard that pulls online student data from various sources including a learning management system (Moodle), University’s library and from the student management system (SMS) that is used by the staff.
Combining environmental gradients to explain and predict the structure of demersal fish distributions

Aim Species distribution modelling was used to investigate relationships between benthic environmental variables and patterns of demersal fish species distributions using fish occurrence data collected from spatially sparse point sampling. Our goals were to determine: (1) the relative importance of different environmental variables, (2) whether accurate predictions can be developed from these models, and (3) how a comparison of the models against known species ecology can be used to assess model relevance and to provide further insights that could drive future studies of these species.
BAGKD: A Batch Authentication and Group Key Distribution Protocol for VANETs

As an important application of mobile ad hoc networks, VANETs play an important role in intelligent transportation. However, with the development of mobile communication technology, as well as the needs of intelligent transportation, both security and efficiency are required for realtime authentication and communication. Traditional authentication and key distribution schemes suffer from network failure and high response latency. To solve the above problems, this article proposes a BAGKD protocol to achieve robust and efficient networking for the security and efficiency of VANETs. In our protocol, bilinear mapping is used to realize batch authentication, which can improve authentication efficiency and reduce message errors caused by factors such as high speed of vehicles. The group key distribution mechanism can update the group key dynamically, which reduces the risk of group key leakage effectively. For the sake of privacy protection, vehicles utilize pseudonyms issued by a trusted authority to communicate with RSUs. The security of BAGKD protocol is verified by simulation in our experiments on AVISPA. In addition, when compared to three existing protocols based on bilinear mapping, our proposed BAGKD outperforms them in terms of efficiency and communication overhead while maintaining security. The simulation results further confirm that BAGKD is suitable for short-range communication scenarios such as VANETs.
Identifying medicinal plants affecting the teeth from the Southern district of Ilam province, Iran

Dental pain is dumb and within a few days its intensity decreases, but a twinge begins from the third day onwards painkillers and gauze of cavity with different cases is the most common method of reducing pain. Common painkillers dentistry such as Acetaminophen and ibuprofen in some cases are not able to control severe pain and the ability to control is not enough. Furthermore, considering that synthetic medicines have enormous side effects, the use of medicinal plants different countries, including Iran, which in rich in plant resources has been taken into consideration. Toothache has a lot incidence so in this study, it was tried to identify and report thedental medicinal plants in the Southern district of province. In this study, at first the questionnaires were prepared and distributed among 23 traditional healers and herbalists Dehloran city and was used to gathering ethnobotanical information of district to treat toothache. Questionnaires containdemographic data and so on. Based on the results obtained by the questionnaire, it was specified that eight medicinal plants Oryza Sativa, narcissus, poppies, harmel, white clover, etc. are the most important anti toothache medicinal plants in Southern district of Ilam province. The mentioned plants probably due to the antioxidant materials have anti toothacproperty. © 2017, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved.
Decision-making models for Robotic Warehouse

There is proposed the analysis of computer- integrated system, using mobile robots for transportation and manipulation of goods inside manufacturing workspace. The complexity of transportation and manipulation tasks, the need of adaptivity and respond to dynamic impacts defines the level in intelligence of robots. The dynamic model, describing problem-solving processes in execution of path or manipulation tasks, is determined in terms of set theory as one of key elements for construction of automated control systems for integrated manufacturing. The intelligent part of decision-making system is based on logical model. The proposed system is implemented by model of robotic warehouse.
Design strategy of a 2.8–3.6 GHz 20W GaN Doherty power amplifier

This paper presents the design of a 20W GaN Doherty Power Amplifier working in the range 2.8 GHz–3.6 GHz. The design strategy adopted for the design of the Doherty output combiner is discussed, which consists in embedding the device parasitics into the latter, implemented as a multi-stage quarter-wavelength transformer, in order to achieve wideband behaviour. The saturated output power ranges from 42dBm to 44 dBm, with a corresponding drain efficiency in excess of 47%. The efficiency at 6 dB of output back-off is higher than 42% over the whole frequency band, and the small-signal gain is higher than 10 dB. Due to the discrepancies of the measured scattering parameters compared to the simulated ones, which could not be corrected with post-tuning, a redesign of the prototype is ongoing.
Surgicopathological Outcomes and Survival in Carcinoma Body Uterus: A Retrospective Analysis of Cases Managed by Laparoscopic Staging Surgery in Indian Women

Objectives: The context of this article is based on two main titles those being Gynecologic Oncology and Minimal invasive surgery. The aim of this study was to report the laparoscopic management of a series of cases of endometrial carcinoma managed by laparoscopic surgical staging in Indian women. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a private hospital (referral minimally invasive gynecological center). This was a retrospective study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-3). Eighty-eight cases of clinically early-stage endometrial carcinoma staged by laparoscopic surgery and treated as per final surgicopathological staging. All patients underwent laparoscopic surgical staging of endometrial carcinoma, followed by adjuvant therapy when needed. Data were retrieved regarding surgical and pathological outcomes. Recurrence-free and overall survival durations were measured at follow-up. Survival analysis was calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results: The median age of presentation was 56 years, whereas the median body mass index was 28.3 kg/m2. Endometroid variety was the most commonly diagnosed histopathology. There were no intraoperative complications reported. The median blood loss was 100 cc, and the median intraoperative time was 174 min. There were a total of 5 recurrences (5.6%). The outcome of this study was comparable to studies conducted in Caucasian population. The predicted 5-year survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier survival analysis is 95.45%, which is comparable to Caucasian studies. Conclusion: Laparoscopic management of early-stage endometrial carcinoma is a standard practice worldwide. However, there is still a paucity of data from the Indian subcontinent regarding the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery in endometrial carcinoma. The Asian perspective has been highlighted by a number of studies from China and Japan. To our knowledge, this study is the first from India to analyze the surgicopathological outcomes following laparoscopic surgery in endometrial carcinoma. The outcome of this study was comparable to studies conducted in Caucasian population.
The Credit Card Act and Consumer Debt Structure

We investigate whether the Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility, and Disclosure (CARD) Act of 2009 influenced the debt structure of consumers. By debt structure, we mean the proportion of total available credit from credit cards for each consumer.The act enhances disclosures of contractual and related information and restricts card issuers’ ability to raise interest rates or charge late or over-limit fees, primarily affecting non-prime borrowers. Using the credit history via the Federal Reserve Bank of New York/Equifax Consumer Credit Panel during 2006–2016, we find that the average ratio of credit limit on cards to total consumer debt declined for non-prime borrowers in comparison to prime borrowers after the introduction of the CARD Act. The decline did not occur before the bill was first introduced in Congress; it took place afterward and continued through the end of our sample period. The results suggest that the CARD Act likely had an adverse effect on non-prime borrowers.
Complete enzymatic dephosphorylation of corn-soybean meal feed under simulated intestinal conditions of the turkey

A crude laboratory phytase preparation, a commercial phytase, and a commercial experimental phytase were used in vitro to study the extent of corn-soybean feed (P(tot): 4.83 +/- 0.06 g/kg) dephosphorylation under simulated intestinal conditions of the turkey. The phytases had different specific activities; varied in side activities of acid protease, acid phosphatase, and pectinase; and revealed different abilities for feed dephosphorylation. Acid phosphatase was shown to be a key activity in feed dephosphorylation, while fungal acid protease enhanced dephosphorylation by stimulating gastric digestion. An "enzymic cocktail" that completely dephosphorylated phytates present in corn-soybean feed also contained pectinase and citric acid. Complete dephosphorylation was accompanied by 12-29% increase in dialyzable protein, and 45-81% increase in the concentration of reducing sugars liberated from feed. The potential use of the "cocktail" as a feed additive for monogastric animals may result in improved digestibility of phytate phosphorus, protein, and carbohydrates.
Association of education with Aβ burden in preclinical familial and sporadic Alzheimer disease

Objective To determine whether years of education and the ε4 risk allele at APOE influence β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology similarly in asymptomatic individuals with a family history of sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) and presymptomatic autosomal dominant AD mutation carriers. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from 106 asymptomatic individuals with a parental history of sporadic AD (PREVENT-AD cohort; age 67.28 ± 4.72 years) and 117 presymptomatic autosomal dominant AD mutation carriers (DIAN cohort; age 35.04 ± 9.43 years). All participants underwent structural MRI and Aβ-PET imaging. In each cohort we investigated the influence of years of education, APOE ε4 status, and their interaction on Aβ-PET. Results Asymptomatic individuals with a parental history of sporadic AD showed increased Aβ burden associated with APOE ε4 carriage and lower level of education, but no interaction between these. Presymptomatic mutation carriers of autosomal dominant AD showed no relation between APOE ε4 and Aβ burden, but increasing level of education was associated with reduced Aβ burden. The association between educational attainment and Aβ burden was similar in the 2 cohorts. Conclusions While the APOE ε4 allele confers increased tendency toward Aβ accumulation in sporadic AD only, protective environmental factors, like increased education, may promote brain resistance against Aβ pathology in both sporadic and autosomal dominant AD.