Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensor fusion of IMU and BLE using a well-condition triangle approach for BLE positioning

GPS has been a de-facto standard for outdoor positioning. For indoor positioning different systems exist. But there is no general solution to fit all situations. A popular choice among service provider is BLE-based IPS. BLE-has low cost, low power consumption, and tit is are compatible with newer smartphones. These factors make it suitable for mass market applications with an estimated market of 10 billion USD by 2020. Although, BLEbased IPS have advantages over its counterparts, it has not solved the position accuracy problem yet. More research is needed to meet the position accuracy required for indoor LBS. In this thesis, two ways for accuracy improvement were tested i) a new algorithm for BLE-based IPS was proposed and ii) fusion of BLE position estimates with IMU position estimates was implemented. The first way exploits a concept from control survey called well-conditioned triangle. Theoretically, a well-conditioned triangle is an equilateral triangle but for in practice, triangles whose angles are greater than 30° and less than 120° are considered well-conditioned. Triangles which do not satisfy well-condition are illconditioned. An estimated position has the least error if the geometry from which it is estimated satisfy well-condition. Ill-conditioned triangle should not be used for position estimation. The proposed algorithm checked for well-condition among the closest detected beacons and output estimates only when the beacons geometry satisfied well-condition. The proposed algorithm was compared with weighted centroid (WC) algorithm. Proposed algorithm did not improve on the accuracy but the variance in error was highly reduced. The second way tested was fusion of BLE and IMU using Kálmán filter. Fusion generally gives better results but a noteworthy result from fusion was that the position estimates during turns were accurate. When used separately, both BLE and IMU estimates showed errors in turns. Fusion with IMU improved the accuracy. More research is required to improve accuracy of BLE-based IPS. Reproducibility self-assessment (https://osf.io/j97zp/): 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 (input data, prepossessing, methods, computational environment, results).
Mortality prediction of laying hens due to heat waves

Mortality in the production of laying hens is a concern for producers and constitutes a considerable economic loss. Some climatic events, such as heat waves, are directly related to the mortality increasing. The aim of this study was to relate the occurrence of heat waves with laying hens mortality, considering the effect of two different kinds of shed used in egg production. Daily mortality data were obtained from two aviaries located in the city of Bastos-SP for the period of October 2014 to January 2016. The data about the climate were gotten from two meteorological stations located in the cities of Tupa-SP and Rancharia-SP, Brazil, from 2010 to 2015. The heat waves were classified in the climatic database using different definitions recommended in the literature (FRICH et al., 2002; INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA, 2016; ROSSATO; SARTORI; MISSIO, 2003 TEBALDI et al., 2006). Mortality and climate data were related in a single database and were classified into normal and high mortality by data mining using the J48 algorithm. It was possible to associate the occurrences of heat wave and the increase of mortality of laying hens. The classification tree generated identified accurately 71% of occurrences of high mortality and 95% of all mortality data. The classification tree allowed to relate the increase in laying mortality in function of heat waves and allows a prediction of when there will be a bigger chance of high mortality.
Abundance and ecological associations of small mammals

Effective conservation and management of small mammals require knowledge of the population dynamics of co-occurring species. We estimated the abundances, autocorrelations, and spatiotemporal associations of 4 small-mammal species from 2011–2016 using live-trapping mark-recapture methods on 9 sites across elevation and canopy openness gradients of a late-successional forest in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, on the west slope of the Oregon Cascades.We also quantified species-specific spatial variation in adult sex ratios and body mass. We used Huggins closed capture models to estimate siteand year-specific abundances of 4 target species: Humboldt’s flying squirrels (Glaucomys oregonensis), Townsend’s chipmunks (Neotamias townsendii), western red-backed voles (Myodes californicus), and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). We estimated the temporal autocorrelations among siteand species-specific abundance estimates and used generalized linear mixed effects models to investigate the effects of 7 spatiotemporal covariates on species-specific mean abundance estimates. Species-specific adult sex ratios, juvenile to adult ratios, and adult body masses were not widely variable among study sites. Abundance estimates varied by as much as 4-fold among years and 6-fold among sites. Humboldt’s flying squirrel abundance was temporally autocorrelated at intervals of 1 and 5 years, Townsend’s chipmunk abundance was temporally autocorrelated at intervals of 1–4 years, and western red-backed vole abundance was temporally autocorrelated at 1, 4, and 5 years. Mean fall abundance estimates were associated with elevation and climate and in some cases, canopy openness and berry-producing shrubs, but the direction of the association differed among species for some covariates. Our findings could provide additional management tools for smallmammal abundance objectives, and highlight the importance of careful covariate selection in studies using indices of small-mammal abundance. 2019 The Authors. Journal of Wildlife Management Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Intraspecific variation promotes trait clustering and species coexistence through higher order interactions

Within species variation is widespread in nature. Ecological and evolutionary effects of such variation have been suggested to be detrimental for species coexistence. Community level studies of species coexistence have largely focused on competitive interactions that are characteristically pairwise, although, species interactions could involve combinations of higher-order. Mechanistic ecological models that included higher-order interactions have indicated the stabilizing effect of such interactions. It is however unknown how evolutionary dynamics could affect species coexistence in a community dictated by both pairwise and higher-order interactions. Also unknown are the effects of individual variation on species coexistence in a community where higher order interactions are pervasive. In this study, we explore the effects of intraspecific variation on patterns of species coexistence in a competitive community dictated by both pairwise and higher-order interactions. We found that higher-order interactions greatly stabilize species coexistence across different levels of strength in competition. Surprisingly, high intraspecific variation promoted species coexistence, which was prominent at high levels of strength in competition. Further, species coexistence promoted by higher levels of individual variation were also robust to external environmental perturbation. In addition to that, species’ traits tend to cluster together as individual variation in the community increased. Our results indicated that individual variation can significantly promote species coexistence by reducing trait divergence and consequently attenuating the inhibitory effect of dominant species through higher-order interactions.
Evaluación toxicológica de soluciones acuosas de ibuprofeno mediante bioensayos con Artemia salina, Allium schoenoprasum L y Lactuca sativa

Los farmacos son considerados dentro de los llamados contaminantes emergentes, por lo que es importante investigar los efectos toxicos que pueden producir en el medio ambiente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar el efecto toxico de soluciones acuosas de ibuprofeno sobre un organismo acuatico Artemia salina y las semillas de Allium schoenoprasum L y Lactuca sativa. Los ensayos de toxicidad se llevaron a cabo exponiendo a los organismos de prueba a concentraciones de soluciones acuosas de ibuprofeno de 20, 10, 5, 2, 1 y 0.5 mgL-1. Se determino el porcentaje de mortalidad para la Artemia salina y la elongacion de la radicula e hipocotilo para las semillas. El porcentaje de mortalidad mas elevado se presento a la concentracion de 20 mgL-1, la CL50 calculada fue de 17.386 mgL-1. Un efecto toxico bajo se presento en la germinacion de las semillas de Allium schoenoprasum L. Se produjo la inhibicion en la elongacion de la radicula e hipocotilo en semillas de Allium schoenoprasum L y un efecto de estimulacion en la elongacion de la radicula e hipocotilo de las semillas de Lactuca sativa. El mayor efecto de inhibicion se presento a 1 y 20 mgL-1 y la mayor estimulacion a 20 mgL-1.
Protective Activity of Probiotic Bacteria Against Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study

Background: Therapeutic applications of probiotics against human candida infections remain controversial. Candida species are the most common human fungal pathogens that cause both superficial and systemic infection. Given the low number of appropriate and effective antifungal drugs, the continuing increase in the incidence of Candida infections, and increased drug resistance, it is required to explore new and better factors targeting essential biological processes and pathogenic determinants of C. albicans. Objective: In this context, a laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus on the adherence of C. albicans to the human epithelial cell line known as human epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells and the potential protective effects of probiotic bacteria on the infected cells. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the effect of L. acidophilus on the adherence of C. albicans to HEp-2 cells, either yeast cells, probiotic bacteria, or both were added to each well of a 12-well plate, with a coverslip at the bottom, covered with a semiconfluent layer of HEp-2 cells. After 2 hours of incubation, the number of adhered pathogens was counted using light microscopy. In order to determine the effect of C. albicans on the viability of the HEp-2 cells, in the presence and absence of L. acidophilus, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted. Results: The results revealed that either L. acidophilus strain La5 or C. albicans adhered to the (HEp-2) cells. In addition, cell association of C. albicans with Hep2 cells decreased by up to 80% when probiotic bacteria were added. The most interesting finding was that in the presence of L. acidophilus La-5, a significant decrease was observed in the adhesion of C. albicans to the cell line or cell mortality. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the use of probiotics is a promising method to decrease the pathogenicity of opportunistic mycoses.
Pneumotoraks Bilateral dan Transaminitis Non Spesifik pada Silikosis

Background: Silicosis is a fibrosis in the lung caused by inhalation, retention, and reaction to crystalline silica. The prevalence rate is potentially increasing throughout the world. Cases of bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax and transaminitis due to complications of silicosis are very rare. In this case, the patient was presented with bilateral secondary spontaneous pneumothorax as well as in the development of the diagnosis of silicosis, liver dysfunction, and pneumonia. Case: A 36-year-old male was admited to hospital with shortness of breath, the patient was once stone artisans for 7 years, rarely using PPE. Bilateral pneumothorax was established based on the results of clinical and radiological examinations. HRCT showed that it supported silicosis, left fluidopneumothorax, and right pneumothorax. Bronchoscopy was not possible due to the incompatible conditions and subsequently the patient was examined for silica levels from both plueral fluid with significant pleural silica. Summary: Diagnosis of pulmonary silicosis was done by clinical, radiological, and silica analysis of bronchial rinses, but certain conditions of silica could be found from pleural fluid. Silicosis therapy with complications until recently is only symptomatic, definitive therapy has not been found. Silicosis complications can be from pneumothorax bilateral (rarely), tuberculosis, transaminitis, and pneumonia. Conclusion: Pulmonary silicosis can be found from pleural fluid when the amount is large enough, fibrosis and extensive lung damage occurred. Silicosis can have an impact on pneumothorax, liver disorders, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and respiratory problems.
Polyelectrolyte Age and N-Nitrosodimethylamine Formation in Drinking Water Treatment

Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) and epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine (Epi-DMA) stock solutions were prepared, stored for varying amounts of time, and used in bench-scale simulations of coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation to determine whether polymer stock age had an influence on NDMA yields. Stock solution ages ranged from under one hour to fifty hours. PolyDADMAC stock age did not significantly affect NDMA production. Epi-DMA stock age significantly increased NDMA production over a time span of 0 to 5 hours, but not from 5 to 50 hours. The relationship between the change in NDMA yields and Epi-DMA stock solution age may be a first-order reaction or a two-phase process. Statistical evaluation of the data available supports both theories.
Economic and social effects of money laundering: the UK case

Money laundering is one of the largest economic problems of the 21st century with huge social implications and effects. It enables the richest and most powerful in society to take advantage of globalisation and differences across countries. It is only for less well-off money laundering regulations in the UK are stringent and enforced. Money laundering is not a ‘victimless crime’. The individual(s) or the country (and inhabitants) from which the money is stolen are, by definition, the victims/losers, whilst the money is used in the recipient country to support the criminal’s lifestyle or other activities such as drug importation, child sexual exploitation, human trafficking and terrorism and so on, alternatively, invested in property until a profitable opportunity arises. This paper examines the problem both generally and the UK in particular. It describes the main forms and types of money laundering and the devices used. This is followed by sections on its effects on an economy and contains an empirical study of this as it affects London property prices, the actions taken by UK regulators against money launderers, their advisers and agents. The final section discusses some recent initiates and recommendations as to what can and should be done.
Cottonseed cake as a substitute of soybean meal for goat kids

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, and intake behaviour of crossbred Boer goat kids fed with diets contain cottonseed cake. It was utilised 32 crossbred Boer goat kids, with average body weight of 16 ± 2 kg, distributed in a completely randomised experimental design, in four experimental diets, with levels of substitution of soybean meal by cottonseed cake, in 0%, 33%, 66% and 100%, respectively. There was no significant effect (p > .05) of cottonseed cake levels on the intake of nutritional components, except for ether extract that behaved in a quadratic manner (p < .05). The digestibility of the nutritional components and the nitrogen balance were not altered as a function of the levels of cottonseed cake in the diet (p > .05). The average daily weight gain and feed conversion were not altered (p > .05) by the amounts of cottonseed cake. Rumination efficiency (minutes/kg of NDF) and feeding frequency (number of visits to the trough/24 h) were not altered (p < .05) as function of the cottonseed cake levels, however, feeding, rumination, and idleness times, as well as the other feeding efficiency and activities frequency were not influenced. Hence, cottonseed cake can be totally substituted soybean meal in diets for crossbred Boer goat kids in feedlot, once it does not alter the productive performance, intake and digestibility of nutritional components and nitrogen balance of the animals.
Results of the 10-Year Monitoring of Bat (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) Winter Aggregation from the North-Eastern Ukraine (Liptsy Mines, Kharkiv Region)

Abstract Monitoring of bats in hibernacula is a key element for the estimation of long-term population trends in Northern hemisphere bats. However, there is currently limited winter bat monitoring data from Ukraine, making long-term population estimates diffi cult. We present data on bat population monitoring in the largest bat hibernacula in North-Eastern Ukraine (Liptsy mines). Between 1999-2010 we conducted 115 censuses inside the three mines and counted 1150 specimens of M. daubentonii, M. dasycneme and P. auritus. 385 individuals of the same species were captured by mist-nets (39 nights). Th e yearly average temperature in the Liptsy 1 mine is close to the mean of annual temperature in the Kharkiv Region (about +7 .C); the humidity ranged from 85-100 %. Th e mean number of bats counted in a visit ranged from 1.4 to 4.9 bats, and 28 in one case. Great fl uctuations in bat number were noted in Liptsy 1 and Liptsy 3-4 mines. Th ere were high bat numbers (up to one hundred individuals on average) in the winters 2000- 2001 and 2007-2008, and low bat number in winters 2002-2003 and 2003-2004. Th e species relative abundance for M. daubentoniiwas - 75-90 %, P. auritus - 7-20 %, M. dasycneme - 1-10 % respectively.
Evrişimsel sinir ağı ve QRS imgeleri kullanarak EKG tabanlı biyometrik tanıma yöntemi

Medikal uygulamalarda yaygin olarak kullanilan elektrokardiyogram (EKG) isaretleri, aldatma saldirilarina karsi guclu kilan yasam isareti olma ozelligi sayesinde, biyometrik uygulamalar icin bir biyometrik buyukluk olarak kullanilmaya baslanmistir. Bilgisayar sistemlerinin hesaplama guclerinin artmasina bagli olarak kisi tanima ve siniflandirma dogrulugunu arttirmak amaciyla son yillarda EKG biyometrik tanima icin birkac evrisimsel sinir agi (ESA) tabanli yontem sunulmustur. Bu calismada, QRS (QRS dalgasi) imgeleri ve 2 boyutlu ESA yapisi kullanilarak EKG isaretleri tabanli bir biyometrik tanima yontemi onerilmistir. Onerilen yontemde, ilk olarak EKG isaretleri gurultu temizleme ve QRS belirleme algoritmalarindan gecirilerek QRS bolutlerine ayrilmistir. Elde edilen bu bolutler R noktalarina gore hizalandiktan sonra 256x256 buyuklugunde QRS imgesi olarak adlandirilan 2 boyutlu EKG isaretlerine donusturulmustur. Son olarak elde edilen bu QRS imgelerinin giris olarak uygulandigi 2 boyutlu bir ESA modeli gelistirilerek biyometrik tanima gerceklestirilmistir. Onerilen yontemin basarimi diger ESA tabanli EKG biyometrik tanima yontemleri ile karsilastirmali olarak incelenmistir. Onerilen yontem 46 kisiden olusan bir EKG veri kumesi uzerinde %98.08 dogruluk orani ve %99.275 kisi tanima orani saglamistir.
Effects of clonal integration and nitrogen supply on responses of a clonal plant to short-term herbivory

Clonal integration, i.e. resource sharing between interconnected ramets, can help clonal plants tolerate abiotic stress. However, few studies have directly examined the ecological significance of clonal integration in the ability of clonal plants to tolerate biotic stress such as herbivory. We grew clonal fragments of an invasive clonal plant Alternanthera philoxeroides, each consisting of an apical part (relatively young) and a basal part (relatively old), at two levels (low and high) of soil nitrogen (N). For each fragment, the apical part was subjected to either no herbivory or herbivory for 2 weeks by a specialist insect, Agasicles hygrophila, and was either connected with or disconnected from the basal part not subjected to herbivory. Herbivory in the apical part severely reduced leaf growth (leaf mass, leaf number or leaf area) and ramet production of both apical and basal parts, and increased root to shoot ratio of the apical part. Irrespective of herbivory and soil N, stem connection between the apical and the basal part decreased root to shoot ratio of the apical part, but did not change its growth measures. Meanwhile, connection increased stem N concentration of the apical part growing under high-N supply and decreased stem carbon (C) concentration of the apical part under low-N supply. By contrast, connection increased root to shoot ratio of the basal part, but reduced its leaf and ramet production. Connection also increased leaf and stem C concentrations of the basal part under low-N supply. Thus, clonal integration can be beneficial for the early development of young A. philoxeroides ramets, but not for their local adaptation to herbivory damage by A. hygrophila.
A Review on Nigella sativa: A Marvel Herb

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) (Family Ranunculaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda and Siddha. Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food. The seeds of N. sativa have been widely used in the treatment of different diseases and ailments. In Islamic literature, it is considered as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine. It has been recommended for using on regular basis in Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine). Nigella sativa and its constitutions including some isolated compounds are the potential sources of remedies of varieties of ailments such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiprotozoal, antiviral, cytotoxic, anticancer, neuro-, gastro-, cardio-, hetaptoand nephroprotective activities. In addition, the N. sativa implies beneficiary effects on reproductive, pulmonary and immune systems along with diabetes mellitus (DM), fertility, breast cancer, dermatological complications, dehydration, dyspepsia, osmotic balance and so on. Among the other isolated chemical moieties, thymoquinone (TQ) is a good target for its potential antimicrobial, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, chemopreventive, antitumoral and other activities. N. sativa has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines. This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, chemical composition and pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant.
Timely Diagnosis of Heparin-Indused Thrombocytopenia: The Proposal for a Right Choice

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an acute transient prothrombotic complication combined with thrombocytopenia. This pathology is characterized by the presence of antibodies (AbHIT) which bind PF4-Hep complexes and activate platelets. AbHITs are present in the bloodstream since the onset of this pathology and disappear completely after about 100 days [1]. The PF4/heparin/antibody complex binds both the membrane of the circulating platelets and the endothelial cells resulting in platelet activation; the further release of PF4 and endothelial damage induce, in turn, the release of tissue factor and the monocyte activation.