Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental disorders and the use of alternative medicine: results from a national survey.

OBJECTIVE The study examined the relationship between mental disorders and the use of complementary and alternative medicine. METHOD Data from a national household telephone survey conducted in 1997-1998 (N=9,585) were used to examine the relationships between use of complementary and alternative medicine during the past 12 months and several demographic variables and indicators of mental disorders. Structured diagnostic screening interviews were used to establish diagnoses of probable mental disorders. RESULTS Use of complementary and alternative medicine during the past 12 months was reported by 16.5% of the respondents. Of those respondents, 21.3% met diagnostic criteria for one or more mental disorders, compared to 12.8% of respondents who did not report use of alternative medicine. Individuals with panic disorder and major depression were significantly more likely to use alternative medicine than those without those disorders. Respondents with mental disorders who reported use of alternative medicine were as likely to use conventional mental health services as respondents with mental disorders who did not use alternative medicine. CONCLUSIONS We found relatively high rates of use of complementary and alternative medicine among respondents who met criteria for common mental disorders. Practitioners of alternative medicine should look for these disorders in their patients, and conventional medical providers should ask their depressed and anxious patients about the use of alternative medicine. More research is needed to determine if individuals with mental disorders use alternative medicine because conventional medical care does not meet their health care needs.
Risk factors associated with childhood asthma.

OBJECTIVE To identify the risk factors associated with childhood asthma, in children attending Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Isra University Hospital between September 2005 to August 2006. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 398 age-matched children (200 asthmatic and 198 non-asthmatic). Information was collected concerning their familial history of atopy, birth weight, environment, breastfeeding, disease and treatment history. Odds ratio was calculated for determining the risk. RESULTS The children were aged between 12 months and 8 years and 60% were male. The asthmatic children were hospitalized more frequently than the non-asthmatic children (p < 0.0001). Most of the asthmatic children lived in the urban areas of Hyderabad [odd ratio (OR) = 16.7, 95% CI = 3.1-14.6, p < 0.0001], had a parental history of asthma (OR = 26.8, 95% CI = 10.8-68.2, p < 0.0001) or allergic rhinitis (OR = 4, 95% CI = 1.2-13.4, p= 0.01), 38.5% had at least one person who smoked, and were weaned earlier than the non-asthmatic children (OR =12.4, 95% CI = 1.3-4.4, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Childhood asthma was strongly associated with a family history of asthma and allergic rhinitis, the urban place of residence, having smokers as parents and early weaning from maternal breast milk. The results highlight the need to educate the parents about the risk of smoking and early weaning in the development of asthma.
[Effects of preoperative transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TAE) on the prognosis of patients with hepatic carcinoma undergoing tumor resection].

This study consists of 77 hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Twenty-six (Group A) received preoperative TAE and 51 did not (Group B). Group A and B were further divided into two subgroups according to their tumor size i.e. Group A1 and B1 (tumor size 3-8 cm); Group A2 and B2 (tumor size > 8 cm). The 1-, 2-, 3-year disease free survival rates were 50.0%, 33.3%, 16.6% for Group A1 and 72.7%, 54.2%, 39.7% for Group B1; 75.0%, 56.2%, 45.0% for Group A2 and 38.9%, 32.4%, 10.8% for Group B2 respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-years survival rates were 85.7%, 31.2%, 0 for Group A1 and 84.8%, 58.7%, 27.9% for Group B1; 91.6%, 82.5%, 53.0% for Group A2 and 77.8%, 30.1%, 0 for Group B2 respectively. There were significant differences between Group A2 and B2 both in disease free survival rate and 5-year survival rate (P < 0.05). The results also demonstrated that the preoperative TAE did worsen the prognosis of patients with tumor size between 3-8 cm (Group A1) with disease free survival rate and 5-year survival rate shorter than that of Group A2.
Trends and perspectives of shared decision-making in schizophrenia and related disorders

Purpose of review Shared decision-making (SDM) is a model of how doctors and patients make medical decisions, which is seen as very applicable to mental health. This review addresses the following issues: Do patients and professionals see the need for SDM? Does SDM actually take place for patients with schizophrenia? What are facilitators and barriers of SDM in schizophrenia treatment? What are the outcomes of SDM? Recent findings Publications in the last 18 months showed the following: Both patients and providers acknowledge the desirability of SDM. SDM occurs less often in mental health than desired by patients and less frequently compared with general practice. SDM in mental health is complex, takes time and involves more than just two participants; patients’ lack of decisional capacity is seen as the major barrier. There are only a few interventional studies measuring the outcome of SDM; existing research constantly shows positive, but small effects. Summary SDM is highly accepted and wanted in the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders, but more research is needed regarding how SDM can be implemented in regular care. Healthcare professionals need more training in how to deal with difficult decisional situations.
On Petri Net-based modeling paradigms for the performance analysis of wireless Internet accesses

In this paper we model a wireless Internet access system based on the GSM/GPRS (Global System for Mobile communications/General Packet Radio Service) technology, with three different Petri net-based paradigms: Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets (GSPNs), Deterministic and Stochastic Petri Nets (DSPNs), and Fluid Stochastic Petri Nets (FSPNs). We show that all three Petri net-based paradigms provide very similar performance predictions for some of the considered realistic configurations of GSM/GPRS systems, and for some of the performance metrics of interest. This proves that FSPNs can be an adequate tool for the performance analysis of wireless Internet access systems, and allow the investigation of large system configurations, thanks to the availability of very efficient solution algorithms for FSPN models. However, we also show that in other cases (which can be clearly characterized), the performance predictions generated by FSPN models may become quite optimistic, and thus not suitable for a careful design and planning of GSM/GPRS systems. In those cases, both DSPNs and GSPNs can provide a viable modeling alternative, at least in the case of medium scale systems.
Two-stage pretreatment of excess sludge for electricity generation in microbial fuel cell

ABSTRACT Thermophiles hydrolysis and acidogens fermentation were sequentially adopted to pretreat excess sludge for microbial fuel cell (MFC) electricity production. The results indicated that MFC fed with the thermophiles-acidogens pretreated sludge (MFC AB), reached a higher removal of ammonia nitrogen than the MFC fed with the heating hydrolysis and acidogens fermentation pretreated sludge (MFC NB). However, compared with the MFC AB, MFC NB presented a better performance for removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) (90.08%) and protein (82.42%). As for the electricity production, MFC NB obtained higher voltage of 0.632 V and maximum power density with 1.05 W/m3 while MFC AB reached maximum voltage of 0.373 V and maximum power density of 0.58 W/m3. Bacterial 16S rRNA-based molecular microbial techniques showed that microbial communities on both MFC anode biofilms was diverse and different. The cooperation of fermentation bacteria and electricigen Shewanella baltica in the MFC NB may have contributed towards the improvement of electricity generation.
Extração de relações do domínio de organizações para o português

The task of Relation Extraction from texts is one of the main challenges in the area of Information Extraction, considering the required linguistic knowledge and the sophistication of the language processing techniques employed. This task aims at identifying and classifying semantic relations that occur between entities recognized in a given text. For example, the sentence “Next Saturday, Ronaldo Lemos, director of Creative Commons, will participate in a debate [. ]" expresses a “institutionalbond" relation that occurs between the named entities “Ronaldo Lemos" and “Creative Commons". This thesis proposes a process for extraction of relation descriptors, which describes the explicit relations between named entities in the Organization domain (Person, Organization and Location) by applying, to texts in Portuguese, Conditional Random Fields (CRF), a probabilistic model that has been used in various tasks e⇥ciently in processing sequential text, including the task of Relation Extraction. In order to implement the proposed process, a reference corpus for extracting relations, necessary for learning, was manually annotated based on a reference corpus for named entities (HAREM). Based on an extensive literature review on the automatic extraction of relations task, features of di erent types were defined. An experimental evaluation was performed to evaluate the learned model utilizing the defined features. Di erent input feature configurations for CRF were evaluated. Among them, the highlight was the inclusion of the semantic feature based on the named entity category, since this feature could express, in a better way, the kind of relationship between the pair of named entities we want to identify. Finally, the best results correspond to the extraction of relations between the named entities of Organization and Person categories, in which the F -measure rates were 57% and 63%, considering the correct and partially correct extractions, respectively.
AN ANSWER TO THE QUESTION: WHAT IS DECOLONIZATION? FRANTZ FANON’S THE WRETCHED OF THE EARTH AND JEAN-PAUL SARTRE’S CRITIQUE OF DIALECTICAL REASON*

This essay argues that Jean-Paul Sartre's notion of “dialectical reason”, as elaborated in his Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), had a decisive impact on the composition of Frantz Fanon's The Wretched of the Earth (1961). The relationship between the two works has not before received a thorough textual exposition. Such an exposition, it is suggested, also entails revising the view of the nature of Fanon's work that has become entrenched in anglophone scholarship. Instead of a self-grounding theorist who more resembles the postcolonialists who would succeed him, this essay presents a view of Fanon as a situated theorist, drawing on those resources that could best help him to articulate the task at hand. The notion of “dialectical reason” allowed him to break from his previous understanding of decolonization as the attainment of reason through struggle, and see the “praxis” of revolution as, itself, self-realizing reason. To perceive this allows us better to seize on the thinking that guides his discussions of objectification under colonialism, anticolonial violence, and the role of the national bourgeoisie, and, thus, to clear up a number of controversies.
Return to Work After Stroke: A Nursing State of the Science

There is a lack of research related to return to work (RTW) after acute ischemic stroke. Historically considered a disease of the elderly, acute ischemic stroke studies have not routinely used RTW as an outcome. Major stroke trials have not routinely collected these data as an end point. However, the mean age for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has declined to 69 years of age, whereas the incidence in patients aged <55 years has increased to 19%. 1–3 Changes in retirement age have also affected RTW as a consideration in patients with stroke. Failure to RTW after recovery from AIS has been associated with negative health outcomes such as increased cardiac disease, depression, and higher rates of mortality and social consequences such as isolation and poor coping ability.4 RTW has not been extensively studied in the AIS population. However, with an aging, yet active population and an increased awareness of AIS in younger patients, the relevance of RTW is becoming increasingly important. According to current research, ≤50% of stroke survivors are likely to RTW if they can walk, their cognition is relatively intact, they were previously used, are younger than the mean age, and have a white-collar position.5–9 The physical, psychological, social, financial, and economic consequences associated with loss of productivity for patients with AIS and their caregivers are reported to cost billions of dollars each year.10 With an increasing prevalence of survivors, the ability to RTW has gained significant importance as an area for further research. The purpose of this review was to provide …
Automatische Generierung von IEC 61131-3 Steuerungscode aus einer GRAFCET-Spezifikation

Grafische Beschreibungsmittel zur Spezifikation von Steuerungsablaufen zeigen geeignete An-satzpunkte fur die Unterstutzung eines systematischen Steuerungsentwurfs an der Engineering-Schnittstelle zwischen Planungs- und Realisierungsphase. Insbesondere die automatische Gene-rierung von Steuerungscode ermoglicht hier eine effizientere Vorgehensweise. Dennoch haben for-male Methoden bisher wenig Akzeptanz in der praktischen Anwendung gefunden. Eine mogliche Ursache hierfur ist, dass Steuerungsprogrammierer aufgrund ihrer beruflichen Ausbildung zumeist keine Kenntnisse dieser formalen Beschreibungsmittel und Methoden besitzen, so dass die ent-sprechenden Forschungsansatze nur schwer in der Praxis integriert werden konnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich aus diesem Grund dem grafischen Beschreibungsmittel GRAFCET und schlagt einen anderen Weg fur die Einfuhrung formaler Methoden im Steuerungs-entwurf vor. GRAFCET ist ein gemas IEC 60848 definiertes, grafisches Beschreibungsmittel zur Spezifikation von Steuerungsablaufen und ersetzt seit dem Jahr 2002 den zuvor in Deutschland gultigen Standard DIN 40719-6 „Regeln fur Funktionsplane“. Seit 2005 ist GRAFCET Bestandteil von Zwischen- und Abschlussprufungen in der beruflichen Ausbildung und ist Steuerungspro-grammierern somit bekannt. Ein systematischer Steuerungsentwurf mit GRAFCET, zu dem diese Arbeit beitragt, spricht folglich die Steuerungsprogrammierer direkt an und beinhaltet das Potential, in der praktischen Anwendung akzeptiert zu werden. Um formale Methoden, insbesondere zur automatischen Generierung von Steuerungscode, allgemeingultig auf GRAFCET anwenden zu konnen, bedarf es zunachst einer geeigneten formalen Definition von Struktur und dynamischem Verhalten. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde daher ein formales Modell fur GRAFCET definiert, welches insbesondere zeitabhangige Bedingungen und Elemente zur hierarchischen Strukturierung gemas IEC 60848 berucksichtigt. Somit werden alle wesentlichen, in IEC 60848 definierten grafischen Elemente in dem Konzept zur automatischen Generierung berucksichtigt. Das Konzept legt die methodische Vorgehensweise fest, nach der Steuerungscode auf Basis einer GRAFCET-Spezifikation und unter Anwendung rechnergestutzter, formaler Methoden automatisch generiert werden kann. Der automatisch generierte Steuerungscode entspricht den Anforderungen der IEC 61131-3. Des Weiteren wurden softwarebasierte Werkzeuge prototypisch implementiert, die das Erstellen einer GRAFCET-Spezifikation sowie eine automatische Generierung IEC 61131-3 konformen Steuerungscodes ermoglichen und dadurch eine geeignete Infrastruktur fur eine rechnergestutzte Transformation zur Verfugung stellen. Anhand eines konkreten Anlagenbeispiels wird aufgezeigt, dass die erarbeitete Methode und Werkzeugunterstutzung eine formale Vorgehensweise im Steuerungsentwurf unterstutzt und dort systematisch angewendet werden kann.
Gestión óptima de potencia reactiva en sistemas eléctricos con generación eólica

En las ultimas decadas se esta produciendo una evolucion creciente de la demanda que situa el punto de trabajo de los sistemas de potencia proximos a sus limites fisicos de funcionamiento. Muchos son los ejemplos de problemas de estabilidad de tension relacionados con este aumento de carga a lo largo de todo el mundo. Los sistemas de compensacion de reactiva se presentan como una buena alternativa para aliviar los problemas relacionados con la estabilidad de tension; por lo que, la planificacion de potencia reactiva en grandes sistemas electricos cobra especial importancia, desarrollandose nuevas tecnicas para su resolucion. Las tecnicas metaheuristicas se perfilan como una buena alternativa para resolver el problema de gestion optima de la potencia reactiva, entendido como operacion, localizacion y dimensionado optimo de estas unidades. Entre ellas, los algoritmos geneticos destacan por su rapidez de calculo y su sencillez. El incremento de la penetracion de la energia eolica en los sistemas de potencia, motivado por los incentivos del uso de las fuentes de energia renovables, ha supuesto la creacion en diferentes paises de codigos de conexion a red. Estos codigos establecen requisitos de operacion para los parques eolicos encaminados a favorecer la maxima incorporacion de energia eolica en los sistemas electricos a la vez que se exige a esta generacion un comportamiento similar al de las centrales convencionales. Entre todas las tecnologias empleadas para la generacion de electricidad a partir del recurso eolico, el generador asincrono doblemente alimentado ha experimentado un gran auge gracias a la capacidad de controlar la potencia activa y reactiva entregada a la red. En esta tesis se ha desarrollado un algoritmo genetico para la gestion optima de la potencia reactiva en sistemas electricos con generacion eolica. Las unidades generadoras de potencia reactiva consideradas son los dispositivos estaticos de compensacion de potencia reactiva y los aerogeneradores asincronos doblemente alimentados, empleados para controlar la tension en toda la red. Las estrategias de optimizacion propuestas permiten localizar de forma optima las unidades de compensacion de reactiva y gestionar la inyeccion de potencia reactiva para satisfacer diferentes escenarios de carga y generacion de los sistemas de electricos. Finalmente, se comprueban los beneficios asociados a la incorporacion optima de unidades de generacion de potencia reactiva en el sistema en cuanto a criterios de seguridad de red se refiere. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Navigation, fonctions harmoniques et contrôle optimal stochastique

Nous considerons le probleme de la navigation en temps continu dans un environnement stochastique. Nous presentons les approches de planification 1) par fonction harmonique et 2) par controle optimal stochastique. Nous montrons que le controle par fonction harmonique est un cas tres particulier de controle optimal stochastique : le controle par fonction harmonique est la limite (extremement pessimiste) du controle optimal quand l'amplitude du bruit de deplacement tend vers l'infini. Nous expliquons que toutes les proprietes interessantes qui ont motive (par exemple dans la communaute robotique) l'utilisation de fonctions harmoniques sont egalement observees dans les modeles de navigation issus du controle optimal stochastique. Montrant ainsi que, dans le contexte de la navigation, la theorie du controle optimal stochastique est strictement plus generale que celle des fonctions harmonique, nous esperons motiver son utilisation. Nous illustrons notre propos par des simulations numeriques.
Modulation of memory retrieval by pre-testing vasopressin: involvement of a central cholinergic nicotinic mechanism.

Lysine vasopressin (LVP, 0.003-1.0 mcg/kg, s.c.) and the central acting nicotinic cholinergic agonist nicotine (N, 1.0-30.0 mcg/kg, s.c.) enhanced, whereas the vasopressin receptor antagonist 1-beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine, arginine vasopressin (AAVP, 0.01-0.3 mcg/kg, s.c.) impaired retention test performance on a one-trial step-through inhibitory avoidance task when injected into male Swiss mice 20 min before the retention test. Tests were done 48 h following training. In all cases, the effects on retention test performance were dose-dependent. Neither LVP, N nor AAVP when given prior to testing modified latencies to step-through of mice that had not received a footshock during training. These findings suggest that LVP, N and AAVP influence memory retrieval processes. The effect of LVP on memory retrieval was antagonized by the simultaneous administration of AAVP (0.01 mcg/kg, s.c.) or mecamilamine (5 mg/kg, s.c.), but not by hexamethonium (5 mg/kg, s.c.), atropine (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) or methylatropine (0.5 mg/kq, s.c.). On the contrary, the effect of N was only prevented by mecamilamine (5 mg/kg, s.c.). These results suggest a modulatory role of vasopressin on the activity of central cholinergic nicotinic mechanisms which are critical for memory retrieval.
Blockade of adrenergic potentiating effect of angiotensin by 1-Sar-8-Ala-angiotensin II.

Responses to adrenergic nerve stimulation and norepinephrine administered i.a. were elicited in the acutely denervated perfused hindpaw of the dog. During the i.a. infusion of 1-Sar-8-Ala-angiotensin II (P-113), 3.2 µg/min, angiotensin II(0.8 µg/min) exerted only a slight vasoconstrictor effect in the paw and failed to potentiate the responses to nerve stimulation or norepinephrine. After allowing approximately 68 minutes for the effect of P-113 to dissipate, angiotensin, 0.8 µg/min, produced potentiation of the responses to nerve stimulation and exogenously administered norepinephrine. The angiotensin blocking agent, P-113, therefore, very effectively interferes with the adrenergic action of angiotensin as well as its direct effect in the hindpaw. The blocking effect of P-113 on the direct vasoconstrictor effect of angiotensin also was examined in the acutely denervated perfused hindlimb muscle of the dog. Administration of P-113 resulted in a 70 to 80% reduction of the vasoconstrictor action of angiotensin in the muscle bed. The results indicate that the antagonist can produce a comparable bockade of the adrenergic and direct vasoconstrictor actions of angiotensin II in the dog when given at 4 times the dose of the agonist.
Metodología para la búsqueda del mejor clasificador de imágenes de satélite

En la tesis se presenta el resultado de un trabajo de investigacion que propone una metodologia para la busqueda del mejor --- para una imagen dada. Esta metodologia se basa en un proceso automatico que va aplicando algunos algoritmos de clasificacion conocidos basados en el reconocimiento --- de patrones. Ademas, para cada algoritmo de clasificacion aplicado se va modificando el conjunto de parametros asociados, asi como el conjunto de muestras utilizado para centrar el clasificado y el -- de clases que se pueden discriminar en la imagen. Cada una de estos posibles combinaciones se obtendra una clasificacion que sera evaluada en base a un indicador de rendimiento (metodo estadistico que establece la eficacia del clasificador y de los patrones utilizado para entrenar al clasificador). Como resultado final, el algoritmo propuesto ofrece el metodo de clasificacion, el numero de clases discriminadas, en la imagen, el conjunto de muestras utilizadas para entrenar al --, el conjunto de muestras utilizadas para entrenar al clasificador y los valores -- a los parametros susceptibles de centros que hayan maximo el indicador de rendimiento. Este indicador de rendimiento se calcula en base a tres medidas estadisticas: A,- Se --- de las muestras del computo de internamiento. B,- Calidad de los resultados obtenidos comparandolos con el conjunto de muestras seleccionado. C,- Confiabilidad de la clasificacion obtenida.