Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Published Skin Dose Tolerance Limits for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy of Lung Cancer

Objectives: Published local control rates for certain stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) lung cancer treatments have exceeded 97%, but several serious adverse events have been reported. No five-year normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) statistical analysis SBRT results have been published yet for skin. While we expectantly await these publications, the goal of this manuscript is to glean the published expert opinion and ongoing clinical trials for skin dose tolerance limits in one to five fractions for clinical application and research. Methods: All 42 lung tumors treated with the CyberKnife at Cooper University Hospital from July 2008 to May 2010 that had skin contours and Monte Carlo dose calculations with heterogeneity corrections were reviewed for toxicity. Twenty-one published dose tolerance limits for skin were partitioned into high-risk and low-risk categories. The DVH Evaluator software tool was developed by the first author and used to conveniently assess the dose tolerance limits for each case prior to treatment and to analyze the followup data.
Structural model uncertainty in stochastic simulation

Prediction uncertainty in stochastic simulation models can be described by a hierarchy of components: stochastic variability at the lowest level, input and parameter uncertainty at a higher level, and structural model uncertainty at the top. It is argued that a usual paradigm for analysis of input uncertainty is not suitable for application to structural model uncertainty. An approach more likely to produce an acceptable methodology for analyzing structural model uncertainty is one that uses characteristics specific to the particular family of models.
Adaptación del Inventario de la Triada Cognitiva Infantil en población española

La depresion es uno de los trastornos mentales que mas preocupan a nivel mundial. Una de las teorias que mas investigacion ha suscitado es la teoria cognitiva de la depresion de Beck. El Inventario de Triada Cognitiva (CTI) se ha elaborado para evaluar los diferentes componentes de la triada cognitiva, si bien la mayoria de sus estudios se han desarrollado en poblacion adulta y adolescente. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar evidencias de validez factorial de la version reducida del CTI, asi como el estudio de las propiedades psicometricas del cuestionario en poblacion infantil. En una muestra de 3.292 ninos de edades entre los 8 y los 13 anos (M=9.8 y D.T.=1.24), los resultados mostraron que el mejor ajuste factorial se obtiene con una estructura bifactorial (triada positiva y triada negativa). La fiabilidad de las diferentes dimensiones es buena (α=.88 y .92 respectivamente). Las evidencias de validez convergente son adecuadas. El cuestionario fue evaluado tambien desde la perspectiva de la Teoria de la Respuesta a los Items mostrando unas propiedades correctas. Finalmente se realizo la baremacion del cuestionario atendiendo a las diferencias por genero encontradas previamente.
Review of Knowledge Management Success Factors in Higher Educational Organizations

Knowledge management has become indispensible for organizations. Most of the literature on knowledge management is investigate the construct in business organizations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the success factors of KM implementation in higher educational institutes. Building on the review of literature pertaining to business organization and educational institute, this study propose a conceptual model. The study incorporates constructs related to the educational institutes. These are strategy, culture, ICT infrastructure, Systematic processes, and rewards. Discussion and directions for future work are discussed.
Lessons from 238 Companies: Senior Management, Exploitation, Exploration, and Corporate Entrepreneurship Performance

We develop and empirically test an explanatory model consisting of organizational resources, corporate entrepreneurship routines and predevelopment performance based on data obtained from 238 business units in large companies. We found a significant relationship between "long term organizational resources" vision and climate, and "short term organizational resources" strategy and resource commitment. Further, our results confirm the relatedness of opportunity recognition and performance, but do not support evidence for the importance of a business plan. We also provide an empirical test of the importance of other predevelopment routines which are less well-studied and present our model for exploitative versus explorative projects.
Methods in general model localization

The aim of this study was to evaluate and test methods which could improve local estimates of a general model fitted to a large area. In the first three studies, the intention was to divide the study area into sub-areas that were as homogeneous as possible according to the residuals of the general model, and in the fourth study, the localization was based on the local neighborhood. According to spatial autocorrelation (SA), points closer together in space are more likely to be similar than those that are farther apart. Local indicators of SA (LISAs) test the similarity of data clusters. A LISA was calculated for every observation in the dataset, and together with the spatial position and residual of the global model, the data were segmented using two different methods: classification and regression trees (CART) and the multiresolution segmentation algorithm (MS) of the eCognition software. The general model was then re-fitted (localized) to the formed sub-areas. In kriging, the SA is modeled with a variogram, and the spatial correlation is a function of the distance (and direction) between the observation and the point of calculation. A general trend is corrected with the residual information of the neighborhood, whose size is controlled by the number of the nearest neighbors. Nearness is measured as Euclidian distance. With all methods, the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were lower, but with the methods that segmented the study area, the deviance in single localized RMSEs was wide. Therefore, an element capable of controlling the division or localization should be included in the segmentation-localization process. Kriging, on the other hand, provided stable estimates when the number of neighbors was sufficient (over 30), thus offering the best potential for further studies. Even CART could be combined with kriging or non-parametric methods, such as most similar neighbors (MSN).
Electricity Spot Price Dynamics: Beyond Financial Models

An increasing number of researchers attempt to model the behavior of electricity spot prices using statistical models commonly used to model financial asset prices. In this paper we reveal properties of electricity spot prices which such models cannot capture. Using six years of half-hourly price data from the New Zealand Electricity Market we find that the half-hourly trading periods fall naturally into five groups corresponding to the overnight off-peak the morning peak daytime off-peak evening peak and evening off peak. The prices in different trading periods within each group are highly correlated with each other yet the correlations between prices in different groups are lower. Models adopted from the modelling of security prices that are currently applied to electricity spot prices are incapable of capturing this behavior. We use a periodic autoregression to model prices instead showing that shocks in the peak periods are larger and less persistent than those in off peak periods and that they often reappear in the following peak period. In contrast shocks in the offpeak periods are smaller more persistent and die out (perhaps temporarily) during the peak periods. Current approaches to modelling spot prices cannot capture this behavior either.
Influence of the subcloud layer on the development of a deep convective ensemble

The rapid transition from shallow to deep convection is investigated using large-eddy simulations. The role of cold pools, which occur due to the evaporation of rainfall, is explored using a series of experiments in which their formation is suppressed.A positive feedback occurs: the presence of cold pools promotes deeper, wider, and more buoyant clouds with higher precipitation rates, which in turn lead to stronger cold pools. To assess the influence of the subcloud layer on the development of deep convection, the coupling between the cloud layer and the subcloud layer is explored using Lagrangian particle trajectories. As shown in previous studies, particles that enter clouds have properties that deviate significantly from the mean state. However, the differences between particles that enter shallow and deep clouds are remarkably small in the subcloud layer, and become larger in the cloud layer, indicating different entrainment rates. The particles that enter the deepest clouds also correspond to the widest cloud bases, which points to the importance of convective organization within the subcloud layer.
CFD analysis of gas turbine combustor with vortex generator

Swirl flows have been used lately for the modern gas turbine combustion to enhance the mixing and flame stabilization. Instabilities that occur due to such flow are often termed as precessing vortex core (PVC). This precessing vortex core has a greater effect on the flow characteristics and heat release and its interaction with the flame is important. The numerical analysis using Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence models were used to carry out simulations of gas turbine combustor to study the PVC and flame interaction in the flow fields. The boundary conditions were set as power output – 35 kW, Reynolds number - 52000 and the equivalence ratio - 0.65. The RANS results were more similar to the experimental one than the LES. The LES results were more useful in studying the PVC characteristics, PVC-flame interaction and instantaneous flow field. The RANS results were helpful in understanding the average flow fields. The grid requirement for both turbulence models and their importance was also studied.
THE ROLE OF GOLD PRICES, EXCHANGE RATE AND INTEREST RATE ON THE CONTINUITY OF INFLATION IN PAKISTAN

In this paper we investigated the role of gold prices, interest rate and exchange rate against inflation in Pakistan both in the long and the short run, utilizing time series data over the period of 1975- 2013 under the Johansen co-integration and vector error correction specifications. The results suggest that gold prices and interest rate are significantly positively related with inflation in the long run in the case of Pakistan, indicating that a rise in gold prices and interest will result in increase in inflation in Pakistan. Whereas exchange rate is found to be insignificant to impact inflation over the length of this study. However exchange rate is found to have significantly and negatively associated with inflation in the short run. That means that appreciation in rupee (PKR) will result in decrease in inflation and vice versa.
An Agent Framework of Tourism Recommender System

This paper proposes the development of an Agent framework for tourism recommender system. The recommender system can be featured as an online web application which is capable of generating a personalized list of preference attractions for tourists. Traditional technologies of classical recommender system application domains, such as collaborative filtering, content-based filtering and content-based filtering are effectively adopted in the framework. In the framework they are constructed as Agents that can generate recommendations respectively. Recommender Agent can generate recommender information by integrating the recommendations of Content-based Agent, collaborative filtering-based Agent and constraint-based Agent. In order to make the performance more effective, linear combination method of data fusion is applied. User interface is provided by the tourist Agent in form of webpages and mobile app.
Status of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in commercial fields and risk assessment in Guadeloupe

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), the causal agent of sugarcane yellow leaf disease, is present in Guadeloupe, but its incidence and distribution in commercial fields was unknown. Therefore, five sugarcane cultivars located in 48 plant cane fields in seven sugarcane growing areas in Guadeloupe were analysed for virus infection and populations of Melanaphis sacchari, the aphid vector of SCYLV. Twenty one of the 48 fields were also analysed in the first ratoon crop. Depending on the area of the field, 200 to 400 leaf samples per field were tested by tissue blot immunoassay to detect the virus, and presence of aphids was determined on 10% of sampled plants. In addition, virus incidence in five fields of second and third propagations of nursery stocks produced from tissue cultured plants was determined. Mean virus incidence in plant cane crops was 6.4%, and it ranged from 0% to 21% according to cultivar and geographical location. M sacchari was widespread in all areas. Mean virus incidence increased to 11.2% in the first ratoon crop, and it increased in all cultivars except in cultivar B69566. Cultivar B69566 consistently had the lowest virus incidence, whereas virus incidence was consistently high in cultivar R579, even if cultivar B69566 was more colonised by aphids. In the second stage nursery fields, virus incidence ranged from 2.5% to 17.3%. Overall, virus incidence did not increase in the third stage nursery step that derived from the second stage nurseries. SCYLV genotype REU was found in all commercial fields, whereas genotypes BRA and CUB were found only in a few samples from five fields. In Guadeloupe, SCYLV appears to be spread by aphid vectors and infected cuttings. Presence of a major virus genotype suggested that this genotype was more adapted to the local environment, or that the two other genotypes were only recently introduced and have not spread yet on the island. Yield losses may occur in extending cultivars such as R579, as it was shown in Reunion Island. Because variation in virulence exists between SCYLV genotypes, disease impact may vary in Guadeloupe in the future. (Resume d'auteur)
Opioid-Induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: The Challenge in Diabetes

Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Patients with diabetes are particularly at risk of perioperative myocardial infarction, and are less resistant to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but the underlying mechanisms are very unclear. Opioid conditioning has been well demonstrated to be protective against myocardial IRI like ischemic conditioning, but this effect is compromised in diabetic condition, and little is known about the role of opioid-induced cardioprotection during diabetes. This brief review is to provide a summary of our present understanding of the effects of diabetes on opioids induced protection against myocardial IRI and the challenges of limiting IRI by opioids in the diabetic heart .
Structure Verification toward Object Classification using a Range Camera

This paper proposes an incremental object classification based on parts detected in a sequence of noisy range images. Primitive parts are jointly tracked and detected as probabilistic bounding-boxes using a particle filter which accumulates the information of the local structure over time. A voting scheme is presented as a procedure to verify structure of the object, i.e. the desired geometrical relations between the parts. This verification is necessary to disambiguate object parts from potential irrelevant parts which are structurally similar. The experimental results obtained using a mobile robot in a real indoor environment show that the presented approach is able to successfully detect chairs in the range images.
The application of intelligence tourism mobile clie nt based on ontology

Mobile Internet era makes the position of tradition al internet appliance replaced by mobile internet. And with the increase of users’ requirements for real-time and i ntelligence to tourism services, tourism industry u shered in a new challenge. This paper counts the mainstream mobile application client related intelligence tourism, id entifies their problems, analyses the main cause of the current sm all coverage and poor functions of intelligence tou rism application client and proposes the application of ontology theory in the research of intelligence tou rism mobile application client. Also, many advantages of ontolo gy in solving these practical problems are summariz ed. It has significant value for the development of intelligen ce tourism in mobile internet.
A complex-systems approach to predicting effects of sea level rise and nitrogen loading on nitrogen cycling in coastal wetland ecosystems

To effectively manage coastal ecosystems, we need an improved understanding of how tidal marsh ecosys tem services will respond to sea-level rise and increased nitrogen (N) loading to coastal areas. Here we review existing literature to better understand how these interacting perturbations will likely impact N removal by tidal marshes. We propose that the key factors controlling long-term changes in N removal are plant-community changes, soil accretion rates, surface-subsurface flow paths, marsh geomorphology, microbial communities, and substrates for microbial reactions. Feedbacks affecting relative elevations and sediment accretion rates will serve as dominant controls on future N removal throughout the marsh. Given marsh persistence, we hypothesize that the processes dominating N removal will vary laterally across the marsh and longitudinally along the estuarine gradient. In salt marsh interiors, where nitrate reduction rates are often limited by delivery of nitrate to bacte rial communities, reductions in groundwater discharge due to sea level rise may trigger a net reduction in N removal. In freshwater marshes, we expect a decrease in N removal efficiency due to increased sulfide concen trations. Sulfide encroachment will increase the relative importance of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammo nia and lead to greater bacterial nitrogen immobilization, ultimately resulting in an ecosystem that retains more N and is less effective at permanent N removal from the watershed. In contrast, we predict that sea-level‐dri ven expansion of the tidal creek network and the degree of surface-subsurface exchange flux through tidal creek banks will result in greater N-removal efficiency from these locations.
An experimental investigation of the hydrodynamic damping of vibrating hydrofoils

As Francis turbines are chasing a higher efficiency, while trying to accommodate a wider load region, turbine blade fatigue is becoming a more pronounced problem. Details of the Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) between the turbine blades and the passing water is necessary to accurately predict the dynamic behavior of a runner in the design phase. The dynamic behavior of the turbine blades is characterized by three properties: The added mass of the surrounding water, the increased stiffness due to passing water, and the hydrodynamic damping provided by the surrounding water. Of the aforementioned properties, the hydrodynamic damping is not yet fully understood. When the turbine blades are excited close to resonance, the damping of the vibrating system determines the vibrational amplitude, and is therefore important in order to estimate the lifetime of a runner. The hydrodynamic damping of passing water has been investigated in a simplified setup, where the turbine blades are represented by a 2D hydrofoil. Two separate hydrofoil geometries have been tested. The hydrofoils were mounted in a “fixed-beam” configuration, meaning that both the deflection and the angle at the fastening point is zero. This setup was chosen, since it is the way that turbine blades are fastened in a Francis runner, and should therefore give applicable results when performing modal testing. The hydrofoils were mounted without any angle of attack, and exposed to water velocities up to 28 m/s. Modal tests in the entire velocity regime indicates that the damping factor increases linearly with water velocity, but at different rates below an above lock-in. The damping factor is rapidly increasing when the velocity goes beyond that of lock-in. This behavior is observed for both hydrofoils, even if the magnitude of the vortex shedding is of different magnitude for the two. A slight increase in natural frequency was also observed with increasing velocity, due to a combination of a stiffening effect of the water passing over the deflected blade, and a reduced added mass effect, in that the amount of water that vibrates with the hydrofoil is diminished when the water velocity is sufficiently high, i.e. it is blown away. The measurements have been compared with CFD simulations, indicating that the observed trend does indeed continue up to at least 45 m/s, indicating that the results are applicable to the velocity regimes occurring in a prototype Francis runner
Non‐equilibrium behaviour of equilibrium reservoirs in molecular simulations

We explore two widely used algorithms for fluid reservoirs in molecular simulations and demonstrate that they may induce non‐physical non‐equilibrium effects, even in systems that should be at equilibrium. For example, correlations of momentum and density fluctuations lead to a bias in the mean fluid velocity when measured as the mean over samples of instantaneous fluid velocity. The non‐physical behaviour is entirely computational in origin and is an instance of a more general issue in molecular simulations: a failure to correctly model stochastic properties may induce non‐equilibrium behaviour that does not exist in the corresponding physical system. Finally, we demonstrate that simple algorithm corrections eliminate this artifact. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constructing a psychological coping profile in the call centre environment: Wellness-related dispositions in relation to resiliency-related behavioural capacities

Orientation: The context of this research is the coping and wellness of call centre agents in a characteristically high-stress work environment. Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to construct a psychological coping profile by investigating the overall relationship between individuals’ wellness-related dispositional attributes and their resiliency-related behavioural capacities. Motivation of the study: It is important that coping in the call centre environment be understood in light of the complexity of the challenges that call centre agents experience in terms of their wellbeing. Research design, approach and method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey approach was followed, using a non-probability purposive sample ( N = 409) comprising predominantly early career, permanently employed black females in call centres in Africa. Main findings: A canonical correlation analysis indicated a significant overall relationship between the wellness-related constructs (sense of coherence, emotional intelligence and burnout) and the resiliency-related constructs (career adaptability and hardiness). Structural equation modelling indicated that managing own emotions and cynicism contributed significantly to explaining the participants’ resiliency-related behavioural capacities (hardicommitment and hardi-control). Practical/managerial implications: Enhancing call centre agents’ emotional intelligence and lowering cynicism will increase resiliency-related capacities, such as sense of control and commitment, and will significantly increase the resiliency and capacity of call centre agents to cope with pressure, which can lead to positive work attitudes. Contribution/value-add: The findings may provide valuable pointers for the design of wellness intervention practices and could potentially add to the body of knowledge concerned with employee wellness in call centres.