Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association Between Attachment Patterns and Personality Disorders

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Abstract We investigated the association between personality disorders (PDs) and attachment patterns, and examined the construct validity of attachment patterns against adaptive functioning. We used a multimeasure multi-informant approach, which allowed us to disentangle the effects of the methods and to examine the utility of the various methods for measuring these constructs. The participants included 80 clinicians and 170 clinical outpatients, recruited via convenience sampling. Results showed that secure attachment was positively associated with adaptive functioning, whereas insecure patterns were negatively associated with adaptive functioning. Both categorical and dimensional PD diagnoses were associated with insecure attachment patterns. However, after controlling for comorbidity among the PD diagnoses, only some findings remained significant, most notably the association between borderline PD and the clinicians' assessment of preoccupied and incoherent/disorganized attachment, and the patients' self-reported attachment anxiety. Our findings underscore the importance of controlling for comorbidity in examining the associations between attachment patterns and PDs.
Dependency of flow‐mediated vasodilatation from basal nitric oxide activity

Flow‐mediated vasodilatation (FMD) has become one of the most widely assessed parameters to analyse endothelial and vascular function in cardiovascular medicine. The degree of contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to FMD is inconclusive and varies widely depending on the device used. In this study, we used a semi‐automatic ultrasound device to analyse to what extent basal NO activity contributes to FMD of the brachial artery.
Seasonal variation in indoor concentrations of air pollutants in residential buildings

ABSTRACT Indoor concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, CO, and CO2 were measured in 25 naturally ventilated urban residences during the winter and summer seasons in Alexandria, Egypt. Ambient air samples were also collected simultaneously for comparison to indoor measurements. Furthermore, data for air exchange rates, home characteristics, and indoor activities during sampling were collected. It was found that the average indoor PM10, PM2.5, CO, and CO2 concentrations for all homes in winter were 119.4 ± 30.9 μg/m3, 85.2 ± 25.8 μg/m3, 1.6 ± 0.8 ppm, and 692.4 ± 144.6 ppm, respectively. During summer, the average indoor levels were 98.8 ± 21.8 μg/m3, 67.8 ± 14.9 μg/m3, 0.5 ± 0.5 ppm, and 558.2 ± 66.2 ppm, respectively. The results indicate that the indoor daily averages of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for all selected homes in the two sampling periods. For CO and CO2 levels, the indoor daily averages for all monitored homes were less than the WHO guideline and the American National Standards Institute/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ANSI/ASHRAE) Standard 62.1, respectively. A strong seasonal variability was observed, with air quality being particularly poor in winter. Due to increased ventilation rates in summer, indoor levels of air pollutants were strongly dependent on ambient levels, while in winter the indoor concentrations were more strongly affected by indoor sources due to increased human activities and poor ventilation. In addition, stronger indoor/outdoor correlation of air pollutants’ levels was found in summer than in winter probably due to higher ventilation and infiltration in the summer. The study also attempted to understand the potential sources and the various determinants that influence indoor PM, CO, and CO2 concentrations in the two seasons. The findings can assist policymakers to better understand the indoor air pollution problem and to provide a sound basis for the development of proper national IAQ standards in Egypt. Implications: Personal exposure is considerably influenced by indoor air pollution which increases health risks. Assessment of indoor air quality has become a more significant issue in Egypt as people tend to spend most of their time inside buildings, especially in their homes. Currently, there is a lack of research on residential indoor air quality in Egyptian cities in terms of the spatial and temporal variation which prevents an accurate assessment of the current situation to develop effective mitigation measures and to establish national indoor air quality standards. This article is considered the first research studying the effect of seasonality on indoor concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, CO, and CO2 in urban residences in Alexandria. It also studies the indoor/outdoor relationship of air pollutants’ levels and identifies their major sources as well as the various determinants that influence their indoor concentrations.
Analysis of spectroscopic diffuse reflectance plots for different skin conditions

Optical means of characterizing tissues have gained importance due to its noninvasive nature. Spectral characteris- tics of the components provide useful information to identify the components, because different chromophores have different spectroscopic responses to electromagnetic waves of a certain energy band. The purpose of this study is to determine whether visible/near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can be used to non-invasively characterize skin diseases in vivo. An optical fiber spectrometer is set up for obtaining diffuse reflectance spectra. The method involves exposure of skin surface to white light produced by an incandescent source. The back scattered photons emerging from various layers of tissue are detected by spectrometer resulting in diffuse reflectance spectra. For the present study different skin conditions like - warts, vitiligo, thrombus (due to injury) and angioma are chosen. The spectral data obtained from the scan are plotted and compared. More or less, the shapes of the spectral curves for various skin conditions resemble. In order to characterize and differentiate different diseased state spectral analysis based on Ratio analysis, Student's t-tests and difference plot are carried out. Based on the analysis the relative spectral intensity changes are quantified and the spectral shape changes are enhanced and more easily visualized on the spectral curves, thus assisting in differentiating the normal tissue from the one affected by disease.
Adversarial Human Trajectory Learning for Trip Recommendation

The problem of trip recommendation has been extensively studied in recent years, by both researchers and practitioners. However, one of its key aspects—understanding human mobility—remains under-explored. Many of the proposed methods for trip modeling rely on empirical analysis of attributes associated with historical points-of-interest (POIs) and routes generated by tourists while attempting to also intertwine personal preferences—such as contextual topics, geospatial, and temporal aspects. However, the implicit transitional preferences and semantic sequential relationships among various POIs, along with the constraints implied by the starting point and destination of a particular trip, have not been fully exploited. Inspired by the recent advances in generative neural networks, in this work we propose DeepTrip—an end-to-end method for better understanding of the underlying human mobility and improved modeling of the POIs’ transitional distribution in human moving patterns. DeepTrip consists of: a trip encoder (TE) to embed the contextual route into a latent variable with a recurrent neural network (RNN); and a trip decoder to reconstruct this route conditioned on an optimized latent space. Simultaneously, we define an Adversarial Net composed of a generator and critic, which generates a representation for a given query and uses a critic to distinguish the trip representation generated from TE and query representation obtained from Adversarial Net. DeepTrip enables regularizing the latent space and generalizing users’ complex check-in preferences. We demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model, and the experimental evaluations show that DeepTrip outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines on various evaluation metrics
Effect of grouping on behaviour of dairy heifers and cows in the transition period

Abstract Regrouping dairy cows is a common feature of dairy farm management. Cows are grouped based on lactation stage, age, milk yield and other factors. Regrouping cows during the dry period (from far-off area to close up area and from close up area to the main herd) brings new challenges. This is especially true for heifers who, after being confirmed gravid, may be grouped into a new pen with dried off cows. The aims of this study were to determine how grouping affects activity, nearest neighbour relationships and aggression, and how heifers’ acclimatization to a new group differs from cows. Therefore, the hypotheses were that regrouping cows has less of an effect on older cows compared to heifers, and cows' individuality affects acclimatization to a new group. Aggression data were recorded using a video camera that was directed at the feed bunk, and activity was recorded with activity monitors that were attached around the right hind leg. Synchrony and distance to nearest neighbour were recorded, as was the cows' location on the first 3 d from the day they returned to the main herd. Motion index, mean number of steps and number of lying bouts were significantly higher after calving compared to the week before calving and the difference was higher amongst heifers compared to cows (P < 0.001). Both cows and heifers lay down more in the strawyard compared to cubicle housing (P < 0.01) and cows were more aggressive than heifers in both housing systems (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). As hypothesized, heifers were more affected by regrouping and cows with more experience settled quicker to their new environment.
Optimization of Geometric Properties of a Monolithic Catalyst for the Selective Hydrogenation of Phenylacetylene

Two major characteristics of monolithic catalysts, which are often ignored in performance considerations, are the cell density and the thickness of the catalytic layer. The impact of these two parameters becomes apparent from a monolithic reactor simulation applied to the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene. The reactor model takes kinetics, diffusion, and mass transfer into account. As functions of the cell density and coating thickness, the required reactor volume for a phenylacetylene conversion level of at least 92% and the yield of undesired ethylbenzene were calculated.With increasing coating thickness, the conversion of phenylacetylene becomes limited no longer by the amount of catalyst present in the reactor but by diffusion. External mass transfer was never found to be rate-limiting. The required reactor volume shows a minimum at the transition from kinetically limited control to internal diffusion-limited control. A higher cell density (smaller channels) favors a smaller reacto.
Dispersion and stability of tricalcium phosphate powders in polyacrylate dispersions

Biomaterials is a term used to indicate materials that constitute parts of medical implants, extracorporeal devices, and disposables that have been utilised in medicine, surgery, dentistry and veterinary medicine as well as in every aspect of patient health care. Ceramics biomaterials are used as components of hip implants, dental implants, middle ear implants and heart valves. Porous or particulate calcium phosphate ceramic materials such as tricalcium phosphate (TCP) have proved successful for resorbable hard tissue replacements when low loads are applied to the material. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the biological characteristics of the biomaterial developed. Interactions of TCP with polyacrylate polymers in aqueous dispersions were characterised using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pH determination and viscosity measurements.
Four new isoflavones from Derris scandens and their in vitro antiproliferative effects

Abstract Four new compounds (derriscandenon D (1), E (2), F (3), G (4)) and six known isoflavones (warangalone (5), millewanin E (6), rhynedlin A (7), 6,8-diprenylgenistein (8), isolupalbigenin (9), isoscandinone (10)) were isolated from the acetone extract of the branches of Derris scandens. These compounds were assayed for cell viability using the human lung carcinoma cell line A549, colorectal carcinoma cell line Colo205, epidermoid carcinoma cell line KB, the human acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line NALM-6, and human dermal fibroblasts. Compounds 2 and 3 significantly decreased the viability of KB cells, with IC50 values of 2.7 and 12.9 µM, respectively. In addition, compounds 2 and 3 reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential in KB cells. Compounds 2 and 3 strongly down-regulated the cell viability of cell lines KB and NALM-6, achieving IC50 values of 2.7 and 0.9 µM, respectively, compared with the positive control staurosporine at 1.25 and 0.01 µM, respectively. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Diagnosis for COVID-19: current status and future prospects

ABSTRACT Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory illness caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), had its first detection in December 2019 in Wuhan (China) and spread across the world. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease. The utilization of prompt and accurate molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus, isolating the infected patients, and treating them are the keys to managing this unprecedented pandemic. International travel acted as a catalyst for the widespread transmission of the virus. Areas covered: This review discusses phenotype, structural, and molecular evolution of recognition elements and primers, its detection in the laboratory, and at point of care. Further, market analysis of commercial products and their performance are also evaluated, providing new ways to confront the ongoing global public health emergency. Expert commentary: The outbreak for COVID-19 created mammoth chaos in the healthcare sector, and still, day by day, new epicenters for the outbreak are being reported. Emphasis should be placed on developing more effective, rapid, and early diagnostic devices. The testing laboratories should invest more in clinically relevant multiplexed and scalable detection tools to fight against a pandemic like this where massive demand for testing exists.
Mycoplasma genitalium and Other Reproductive Tract Infections in Pregnant Women, Papua New Guinea, 2015–2017

Much about the range of pathogens, frequency of coinfection, and clinical effects of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) among pregnant women remains unknown. We report on RTIs (Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum, bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis) and other reproductive health indicators in 699 pregnant women in Papua New Guinea during 2015–2017. We found M. genitalium, an emerging pathogen in Papua New Guinea, in 12.5% of participants. These infections showed no evidence of macrolide resistance. In total, 74.1% of pregnant women had >1 RTI; most of these infections were treatable. We detected sexually transmitted infections (excluding syphilis) in 37.7% of women. Our findings showed that syndromic management of infections is greatly inadequate. In total, 98.4% of women had never used barrier contraception. These findings will inform efforts to improve reproductive healthcare in Papua New Guinea.
Recursive Copy and Paste GAN: Face Hallucination From Shaded Thumbnails

Existing face hallucination methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved impressive performance on low-resolution (LR) faces in a normal illumination condition. However, their performance degrades dramatically when LR faces are captured in non-uniform illumination conditions. This paper proposes a Recursive Copy and Paste Generative Adversarial Network (Re-CPGAN) to recover authentic high-resolution (HR) face images while compensating for non-uniform illumination. To this end, we develop two key components in our Re-CPGAN: internal and recursive external Copy and Paste networks (CPnets). Our internal CPnet exploits facial self-similarity information residing in the input image to enhance facial details; while our recursive external CPnet leverages an external guided face for illumination compensation. Specifically, our recursive external CPnet stacks multiple external Copy and Paste (EX-CP) units in a compact model to learn normal illumination and enhance facial details recursively. By doing so, our method offsets illumination and upsamples facial details progressively in a coarse-to-fine fashion, thus alleviating the ambiguity of correspondences between LR inputs and external guided inputs. Furthermore, a new illumination compensation loss is developed to capture illumination from the external guided face image effectively. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves authentic HR face images in a uniform illumination condition with a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$16\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>16</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lu-ieq1-3061312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> magnification factor and outperforms state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively.
DUSP4 inhibits autophagic cell death in PTC by inhibiting JNK-BCL2-Beclin1 signaling.

DUSP4 is a prognostic marker and potential target of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the molecular mechanism underlying DUSP4-regulated PTC carcinogenesis is unclear. DUSP4 is a negative regulator of the autophagy promoter, JNK. This study aimed to explore the relationship between DUSP4 and JNK-mediated autophagic cell death in PTC. In this study, we explored the roles of DUSP4 in PTC using gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays. In addition, we further identified the significance of JNK-BCL2-Beclin1-autophagy signaling on DUSP4-regulated PTC carcinogenesis by combining DUSP4 silencing with JNK specific inhibitor (SP600125). We found that DUSP4 silencing promoted the phosphorylation of JNK and BCL2 in PTC cells and enhanced the release of Beclin1 from BCL2-Beclin1 complex. DUSP4 silencing promoted autophagy and death in PTC cells.The death and autophagy enhanced by DUSP4 silencing was reversed by JNK inhibitor. We further extended the in vitro experiments by injecting K1 cells transduced with DUSP4-silencing vector subcutaneously into nude mice. In vivo assays showed that DUSP4 silencing not only inhibited tumor growth, but also promoted JNK and BCL2 phosphorylation and LC3II expression.Overall, DUSP4 inhibits BCL2-Beclin1- autophagy signaling through negatively regulating JNK activity, thus inhibiting PTC oncogenesis.This study provides more potential clues for the prevention and cure of PTC.
Investigation of infertility using endometrial organoids

Infertility is a common problem in modern societies with significant socio-psychological implications for women. Therapeutic interventions are often needed which, depending on the cause, can either be medical treatment, surgical procedures or assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, the treatment of infertility is not always successful due to our limited understanding of the preparation of the lining of the uterus, the endometrium, for pregnancy. The endometrium is of central importance for successful reproduction as it is the site of placental implantation providing the interface between the mother and her baby. Due to the dynamic, structural and functional changes the endometrium undergoes throughout the menstrual cycle, it is challenging to study. A major advancement is the establishment of 3D organoid models of the human endometrium to study this dynamic tissue in health and disease. In this review, we describe the changes that the human endometrium undergoes through the different phases of the menstrual cycle in preparation for pregnancy. We discuss defects in the processes of endometrial repair, decidualization and acquisition of receptivity that are associated with infertility. Organoids could be utilized to investigate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms occurring in non-pregnant endometrium and early pregnancy. These studies may lead to therapeutic applications that could transform the treatment of reproductive failure.
Extraordinary Dynamic Near Vision in Champion Shotgun Shooters: PDI Check Evaluation of Stereo and Color without Floor Effect

Background Conventional near and stereo tests have a “floor effect;” inability to discriminate normal from super-normal. Shotgun champions require unique performance in binocularity and rapid color discrimination. Patients and Methods Twenty-nine champion clay-target shooters, 14 normal Army and 12 color-normal subjects were tested with conventional near vision tests and on PDI-Check, a series of dynamic, near vision tests on the autostereoscopic Nintendo console. Results Conventional tested shotgunners had all perfect Ishihara and 75% best 40 sec Stereo fly while Army had 92%perfect Ishihara and 69% best stereo fly. On PDI-Check, experienced shotgunners with median stereo of 17 (IQR 12–41) arc sec were better than Army volunteers 59 (IQR 30 to 487) arc seconds (Mann–Whitney U=62, p=0.04). Median PDI-Check for shotgun compared to Army was 88% compared to 84% for blue cone, 90% compared to 84% for green and 77% compared to 72% (red, Mann–Whitney p=0.05). Adding dark cherry filter shooting glasses improved the red and green color detection (p<0.01). This study lacked power to detect eye dominance using PDI Check color or stereo. Conclusion Many champion shotgun shooters had outstanding dynamic near stereo and better-than-average color vision which could be optimized with dark filter spectacles for red and green hues. PDI Check not only helps identify abnormal binocularity and color vision, but it can clarify supranormal vision as well.
[Relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal risk in prisoners: the mediating effect of alexithymia].

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal risk in prisoners and the mediating effect of alexithymia in this relationship. OBJECTIVE We investigated a total of 362 male prisoners in Guangdong Province using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Suicidal Behaviors-Revised Questionnaire (SBQ-R). OBJECTIVE Thirty-five (9.7%) prisoners had a high risk of suicide. The total score and the dimension scores of the CTQ-SF was positively correlated with the total score of SBQ-R (r=0.065-0.358, P < 0.01) and the total score of TAS-20 (except for the dimension score of sexual abuse) (r=0.156-0.255, P < 0.01). The total score of TAS-20, the dimensions scores for difficulty in identifying and describing feeling and the dimension score for externally oriented thinking were positively correlated with the total score of SBQ-R (r=0.330, P < 0.01; r=0.294-0.305, P < 0.01; and r=0.130, P < 0.05, respectively). The results of structural equation analysis showed that alexithymia had a partial mediating effect on childhood trauma and suicide risks (β=0.07, 95%CI: 0.023-0.12, P < 0.05). OBJECTIVE Childhood trauma affects suicidal risk in prisoners not only directly but also indirectly through the mediating effect of alexithymia.