Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Orientacja zadaniowa w administracji publicznej – perspektywa strategiczna

Management of public administration institutions is a complex process, involving a wide range of issues. Rising changeability and competitiveness of the environment causes necessity of improvement in all types of organizations, including public institutions. They have to implement innovative management methods and techniques to rise the efficiency of action. One of the solutions that can be used in public administration to achieve it is a task orientation. The main purpose of the article is to present features of a task oriented institution in case of local and regional government public administration. First of all it was described a Management by Objective process. Than the author presents how to project the organization system to implement a task orientations. This solution effects on the management process in strategic and operational level. In the article it is presented the first of mentioned areas. It is known, that there are many problems with efficiency of strategic management in public administrations. To solve some of this problems it is needed to implement some methods that change a management process. In the article they are described two of them: AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and benchmarking. Key-words: ltask oriented organization, public administration, strategic management, operational management. Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie Wydawnictwo SAN – ISSN 1733-2486 Tom XIV, Zeszyt 12, Część II, ss. 43–55
THE AUSTRALIAN SCINCID LIZARD MENETIA GREYII: A NEW INSTANCE OF WIDESPREAD VERTEBRATE PARTHENOGENESIS

Abstract Molecular data derived from allozymes and mitochondrial nucleotide sequences, in combination with karyotypes, sex ratios, and inheritance data, have revealed the widespread Australian lizard Menetia greyii to be a complex of sexual and triploid unisexual taxa. Three sexual species, three presumed parthenogenetic lineages, and one animal of uncertain status were detected amongst 145 animals examined from south-central Australia, an area representing less than one-seventh of the total distribution of the complex. Parthenogenesis appears to have originated via interspecific hybridization, although presumed sexual ancestors could only be identified in two cases. The allozyme and mtDNA data reveal the presence of many distinct clones within the presumed parthenogenetic lineages. This new instance of vertebrate parthenogenesis is a first for the Scincidae and only the second definitive case of unisexuality in an indigenous Australian vertebrate.
Itemset Trees for Targeted Association Querying

Association mining techniques search for groups of frequently co-occurring items in a market-basket type of data and turn these groups into business-oriented rules. Previous research has focused predominantly on how to obtain exhaustive lists of such associations. However, users often prefer a quick response to targeted queries. For instance, they may want to learn about the buying habits of customers that frequently purchase cereals and fruits. To expedite the processing of such queries, we propose an approach that converts the market-basket database into an itemset tree. Experiments indicate that the targeted queries are answered in a time that is roughly linear in the number of market baskets, N. Also, the construction of the itemset tree has O(N) space and time requirements. Some useful theoretical properties are proven.
Risicobeoordeling waterverstrekking aan vleeskuikens en vleeskuikenouderdieren

This report describes the methods of water provision in the current housing and management of broilers and broiler breeders and the possible impact of these management practices on animal welfare (including animal health). It provides an overview of drinking behavior of chickens, the physiology of water intake and factors affecting water consumption in broilers and broiler breeders. Based on scientific literature and expert opinion it is estimated that the current methods of water provision to broiler chickens do not have an effect on welfare. The current methods of water provision to broiler breeders are estimated to affect broiler breeder welfare, but evidence from scientific literature is lacking. It is described which management methods can be applied to reduce the welfare impact of water provision to broilers and broiler breeders. Finally, recommendations for further research are provided
Disruption of Scube2 Impairs Endochondral Bone Formation

Signal peptide‐CUB‐EGF domain‐containing protein 2 (SCUBE2) belongs to a secreted and membrane‐tethered multidomain SCUBE protein family composed of three members found in vertebrates and mammals. Recent reports suggested that zebrafish scube2 could facilitate sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling for proper development of slow muscle. However, whether SCUBE2 can regulate the signaling activity of two other hedgehog ligands (Ihh and Dhh), and the developmental relevance of the SCUBE2‐induced hedgehog signaling in mammals remain poorly understood. In this study, we first showed that as compared with SCUBE1 or SCUBE3, SCUBE2 is the most potent modulator of IHH signaling in vitro. In addition, gain and loss‐of‐function studies demonstrated that SCUBE2 exerted an osteogenic function by enhancing Ihh‐stimulated osteoblast differentiation in the mouse mesenchymal progenitor cells. Consistent with these in vitro studies and the prominent roles of Ihh in coordinating skeletogenesis, genetic ablation of Scube2 (–/–) caused defective endochondral bone formation and impaired Ihh‐mediated chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation as well as osteoblast differentiation of –/– bone‐marrow mesenchymal stromal‐cell cultures. Our data demonstrate that Scube2 plays a key regulatory role in Ihh‐dependent endochondral bone formation. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
New class of sensitive and selective fluorogenic substrates for serine proteinases. Amino acid and dipeptide derivatives of rhodamine.

A series of dipeptide derivatives of Rhodamine, each containing an arginine residue in the P1 position and one of ten representative benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz)-blocked amino acids in the P2 position, has been synthesized, purified and characterized as substrates for serine proteinases. These substrates are easily prepared with high yields. Cleavage of a single amide bond converts the non-fluorescent bisamide substrate into a highly fluorescent monoamide product. Macroscopic kinetic constants for the interaction of these substrates with bovine trypsin, human and dog plasmin, and human thrombin are reported. Certain of these substrates exhibit extremely large specificity constants. For example, the kcat. /Km for bovine trypsin with bis-(N-benzyloxycarbonylglycyl-argininamido)-Rhodamine [(Cbz-Gly-Arg-NH)2-Rhodamine] is 1 670 000 M-1 X S-1. Certain of these substrates are also highly selective. For example, the most specific substrate for human plasmin, (Cbz-Phe-Arg-NH2)-Rhodamine, is not hydrolysed by human thrombin, and the most specific substrate for human thrombin, (Cbz-Pro-Arg-NH)2-Rhodamine, is one of the least specific substrates for human plasmin. Comparison of the kinetic constants for hydrolysis of the dipeptide substrates with that of the single amino acid derivative, (Cbz-Arg-NH)2-Rhodamine, indicates that selection of the proper amino acid residue in the P2 position can effect large increases in substrate specificity. This occurs primarily as a result of an increase in kcat. as opposed to a decrease in Km and, in certain cases, is accompanied by a large increase in selectivity. Because of their high degree of sensitivity and selectivity, these Rhodamine-based dipeptide compounds should be extremely useful substrates for studying serine proteinases.
Intraoperative fluorescence angiography for cerebrovascular neurosurgery in universiti sains malaysia.

We read with interest the manuscript titled “Present and Future of Neurosurgery Training and Education” published in Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, Volume 21, Issue 1, 2014, about the advances made in neurosurgery in the United States of America (USA) (1). We report the first intraoperative fluorescence angiography done in Malaysia as part of an advanced neurosurgery initiative. Intraoperative fluorescence video angiography is an adjunctive technology that provides a neurosurgeon with invaluable, real time imaging of cerebrovascular anatomy as well as flow dynamics. This method is relatively new in Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia is one of the first centers in the country to utilise this technology in the management of intracranial cerebrovascular pathology. We share a brief description of the principles behind this method while highlighting an example of its utility in our centre.
Longitudinal changes in CD4(+) T-cell memory responses induced by BCG vaccination of newborns.

BACKGROUND Improved vaccination strategies against tuberculosis are needed, such as approaches to boost immunity induced by the current vaccine, BCG. Design of these strategies has been hampered by a lack of knowledge of the kinetics of the human host response induced by neonatal BCG vaccination. Furthermore, the functional and phenotypic attributes of BCG-induced long-lived memory T-cell responses remain unclear. METHODS We assessed the longitudinal CD4 T-cell response following BCG vaccination of human newborns. The kinetics, function, and phenotype of these cells were measured using flow cytometric whole-blood assays. RESULTS We showed that the BCG-specific CD4 T-cell response peaked 6-10 weeks after vaccination and gradually waned over the first year of life. Highly activated T-helper 1 cells, predominantly expressing interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, and/or interleukin 2, were present at the peak response. Following contraction, BCG-specific CD4 T cells expressed high levels of Bcl-2 and displayed a predominant CD45RACCR7 central memory phenotype. However, cytokine and cytotoxic marker expression by these cells was more characteristic of effector memory cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that boosting of BCG-primed CD4 T cells with heterologous tuberculosis vaccines may be best after 14 weeks of age, once an established memory response has developed.
Significant variation exists in home care services following total joint arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE To determine a preliminary profile of the variation in rehabilitation and home care services for patients with total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in Ontario in 2001. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted of directors at the 43 regional community care access centers (CCAC). RESULTS One-third (36%) of CCAC had existing care pathways, 54% had defined discharge criteria, and 32% had predetermined the length of home care services. The intensity and frequency of services provided were variable. CONCLUSION There is a need to standardize rehabilitation protocols to maintain quality of care and contain costs.
Vegetable oil fortified feeds in the nutrition of very low birthweight babies.

Two kinds of oils (i) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) rich Safflower oil, and (ii) Medium chain triglyceride (MCT) rich Coconut oil were added to the feeds of 46 very low birthweight (VLBW) babies to see if such a supplementation is capable of enhancing their weight gain. Twenty two well matched babies who received no fortification served as controls. The oil fortification raised the energy density of the feeds from approximately 67 kcal/dl to 79 kcal/dl. Feed volumes were restricted to a maximum of 200 ml/kg/day. The mean weight gain was highest and significantly higher than the controls in the Coconut oil group (19.47 +/- 8.67 g/day or 13.91 g/day). Increase in the triceps skinfold thickness and serum triglycerides were also correspondingly higher in this group. The lead in the weight gain in this group continued in the follow up period (corrected age 3 months). As against this, higher weight gain in Safflower oil group (13.26 +/- 6.58 g/day) as compared to the controls (11.59 +/- 5.33 g/day), failed to reach statistically significant proportions, probably because of increased statistically significant proportions, probably because of increased steatorrhea (stool fat 4+ in 50% of the samples tested). The differences in the two oil groups are presumably because of better absorption of MCT rich coconut oil. However, individual variations in weight gain amongst the babies were wide so that some control babies had higher growth rates than oil fortified ones. The technique of oil fortification is fraught with dangers of intolerance, contamination and aspiration. Long term effects of such supplementation are largely unknown. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERPRETATION IN REDUCING THE IMPACTS OF VISITORS IN NATIONAL PARKS

With visitation to natural areas increasing, the appropriate management of these areas is important. There are a number of management tools available which endeavour to minimise environmental impacts of visitors. One such management tool is interpretation. Interpretation is widely used as a management tool because: it is perceived to be the most cost effective method; it is a light-handed approach and allows visitors the freedom of choice; and it enhances visitor experiences and satisfaction. However, the ability of interpretation to bring about a reduction in the impacts of visitors to natural areas, has rarely been quantified. This study was designed to determine the extent to which an interpretive program reduced the environmental impacts of visitors to national parks. Fieldwork was undertaken in Lamington National Park, where 41 guided walks were examined. To measure the actual behaviour or resulting impacts of visitors in a national park, three appropriate environmental indicators were chosen: shortcutting of corners, picking up litter already on the track, and noise levels. Five interpretive programs were created, each with a different combination of environmental interpretation, role modelling and verbal appeals. For the shortcutting results, the interpretive program with the combination of environmental interpretation, role modelling by the guide and verbal appeals from the guide, was always the most effective in reducing shortcutting. Visitors in this interpretive program were always, statistically, less likely to shortcut than visitors on all the other interpretive programs. The programs with only environmental interpretation or no environmental interpretation, were always least effective in reducing shortcutting. The interpretive programs with environment interpretation plus role modelling, or verbal appeals, were always in the middle of these extremes. They were more effective than having neither role modelling or verbal appeals, but less effective than having both. Results for the amount of litter picked up found that the inclusion of verbal appeals in an interpretive program was the only factor that influenced whether visitors picked up litter. In addition, there was no difference in the amount of litter picked up, by the interpretive program with environmental interpretation only, and the program with no environmental interpretation.
BCWB: A P300 Brain-Controlled Web Browser

Web access and web resources open many horizons, their usage increases in all life aspects including government, education, commerce and entertainment, where the key to such resources lies in Web browsers. Acknowledging the importance of universal accessibility to web resources, the W3C has developed a series of guidelines into a Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), with the goal of providing access to web resources for people with disabilities. In order to bridge the gap in the digital divide between the disabled and the non-disabled people, the authors believe that the development of novel assistive technologies using new human-computer interfaces will go a long way towards achieving this lofty goal. In this paper, they present a P300 Electroencephalography Brain-controlled Web browser to enhance the accessibility of people with severe motor disabilities to Web resources. It enhances their interaction with the Web taking their needs into account. The proposed Web browser satisfies the Mankoff's requirements of a system that would â€œallow true web access. â€
Formal methods for interactive systems

PIEs - the simplest black box model red-PIEs - result and display sharing and interference in window managers the myth of the infinitely fast machine non-determinism as a paradigm for understanding the user interface opening up the box dynamic pointers - an abstraction for indicative manipulative complementary functions and complementary views events and status - mice and multiple users applying formal models conclusions - mathematics and the art of abstraction.
Transamination of hypotaurine by taurine:alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase.

Hypotaurine (2-aminoethanesulfmate) was reported to occur in certain molluscs [l] and in rat brain [2], and also to be excreted in the urine of rats fed cysteine or cystine [3]. It is an important intermediate in cysteine metabolism, and derived metabolically from Lcysteine sulfinic acid, and also from cysteamine as reviewed by Meister [4]. Although the occurrence of hypotaurine dehydrogenase which oxidizes hypotaurine to taurine in rat liver was demonstrated [S] , little enzymological work on hypotaurine has been done. Recently we have found taurine: cY-ketoglutarate aminotransferase in Achromobacter superficialis [6] , purified to homogeneity, and crystallized to elucidate the physico-chemical and enzymological properties [7]. We report here evidence showing that taurine: cu-ketoglutarate aminotransferase catalyzes also transamination of hypotaurine, which is the best amino donor in the enzyme reaction.
Effects of high‐dose methylprednisolone on Na+‐K+ ATPase and lipid peroxidation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

The production of oxygen‐free radicals and their subsequent peroxidative action on membrane unsaturated fatty acids could be enhanced after subarachnoid hemorrhage. High‐dose methylprednisolone (30 mg/Kg i.v.) treatment can antagonize acute SAH‐induced brain hypoperfusion and protect the ultrastructural integrity of endothelial cell membranes. Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was induced in anesthesized rats by slow injection of 0.3 ml of autologous arterial blood into cisterna magna. Tissue lipid peroxidation, quantified as thiobarbituric acid reactive matherial (TBAR) and Na+ ‐K+ ATPase activity were assayed in three different rat brain areas (cerebral cortex, hippocampus and brain stem) of controls (without any surgical manipulation), sham‐operated (0.3 ml. of mock CSF into cisterna magna) and after SAH induction, at 1 h, 6 h and 48 h. Na+ ‐K+ ATPase activity decreased in the cerebral cortex at 1 h and 6 h and in brain stem at 1 h after SAH, while the same enzymatic activity was unchanged in the hippocampus. High‐dose methyl‐prednisolone treatment (started immediately after SAH induction) enhanced the Na+ ‐K+ ATPase activity until control levels. There was no significant difference in lipid peroxide content between sham‐operated and hemorrhagic animals; however, the injection itself induces a transient increase of TBAR (1 h after injection) and methylprednisolone treatment decreases the products of lipid peroxidation in all brain areas.
Interaction of growth hormone-releasing hormone with the insulin-like growth-factors during prenatal development in the rat.

The placenta is a chimeric organ that produces all the components of the hypothalamic-pituitary GH axis. We propose that placental GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulates placental GH-like hormones which in turn stimulate production of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF-I and IGF-II, and these placental IGFs are important for growth and development of the placenta as well as the fetus. To test this hypothesis, pregnant rats were given either GHRH antisera or preimmune sera ip from days 7-19 of gestation. Fetuses were killed on day 19, and IGF-I and IGF-II tissue and serum concentrations in the mother and fetus were measured by RIA. IGF-II receptor content was measured by Western analysis. IGF-I and IGF-II messenger (m) RNA levels were measured in the placentas as well as in the fetal livers. The GHRH antibody titer was highest at day 19 of gestation but continued to be present through day 20 of postnatal development. Although placental weights did not differ, antibody-treated animals had higher placental IGF-I and IGF-II levels (I, 108 +/- 6 (SD); II, 126 +/- 5 ng/g, respectively) vs. control animals (I, 88 +/- 2.5 (SD); II, 48 +/- 11 ng/g) in pooled specimens. The IGF-II receptor was also up-regulated in placentas from antibody-treated mothers. The fetuses of antibody-treated (A) mothers were larger than the controls (C) (A, 2.615 g; C, 2.49 g, P less than 0.05). Levels of both IGFs were significantly increased in livers of antibody treated fetuses (IGF-I: A, 15 +/- 1 (SD); C, 12 +/- 0.8 ng/g; and IGF-II: A, 295 +/- 10 (SD); C, 233 +/- 10 (SD) ng/g). In addition, the concentration of the IGF-II receptor in liver of antibody-treated fetuses was also increased. Further, pooled fetal sera from antibody-treated fetuses had higher levels of IGF-II than controls (A, 950 ng/ml; C, 700 ng/ml), and the circulating IGF-II receptor was increased as measured by Western analysis. In the liver, IGF-II mRNA levels of antibody-treated fetuses were increased to 117% of controls, whereas IGF-I mRNA levels were undetectable. The placenta showed no increase in placental lactogen or GH mRNA, whereas IGF-II and GHRH mRNA were slightly increased in antibody-treated animals. In conclusion, these data suggest that GHRH may interact with the IGFs in a different fashion during prenatal development then during postnatal development. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Lumbosacral Soft Tissue Mass in a Newborn: A Clinical Case with a Difficult Diagnosis

Many types of dorsal neoplasm of early infancy are described in literature ranging from benign to aggressive. Some are more common while others quite unusual. Here, we describe a newborn with a lumbosacral soft tissue mass. Positivity of S-100 and vimentin was compatible with the neural cell line and the high proliferation rate of major activity cells (biopsy Ki67 20%) suggests an aggressive nature. An exclusively surgical approach was chosen and no clinical or radiological signs of recurrence have been observed after 2 years of follow-up. This case is atypical for location, histological pattern, radiological aspect, and clinical behavior. Diagnosis is hard to define and limited to a mesenchymal neoplasia with myxoid tracts. The described aspects raise concerns about clinical and therapeutic approach, classification, and radiological follow-up of sacral tissue masses in newborns.
Resolving the Misconceptions on Big Data Analytics Implementation through Government Research Institute in Malaysia

Evolution and growth of data exclusively in Government sector should be an added advantage for the Government to increase the service delivery to the public. Big Data Analytics (BDA) is one of the most advanced technologies to analyse data owned by the Government to explore other fields, or new opportunities that can bring benefits to the Government. Although BDA concept has been implemented by many parties, there exists a number of misconceptions related to the concept from the aspect of understanding and implementation of the project. National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) as one of the four agencies that have been implemented Malaysia’s BDA Proof-of-Concept (POC) initiative is no exception to these misconceptions. In this paper, we will discuss the misunderstandings and challenges faced throughout our BDA project, in encouraging and increasing the awareness of the implementation of BDA in Government sector.