Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selection and breeding

Apres une description du caractere specifique de la plante, on explique les avantages et les contraintes de l'amelioration du cocotier. Les objectifs de l'amelioration sont particulierement complexes. Ils resultent d'un compromis entre les diverses habitudes alimentaires et culturelles, la connaissance de la plante et les technologies de transformation. On examine ensuite les ressources genetiques du cocotier et les methodes de selection qui lui ont ete appliquees. On presente les programmes d'amelioration du cocotier des institutions specialisees des divers pays producteurs. Une liste des noms internationaux des differentes varietes de cocotiers est jointe en annexe
Conditioned Pleasure Attenuates the Startle Response in Rats

The acoustic startle response of rats was found to be attenuated if elicited in the presence of a conditioned stimulus predicting reward. During conditioning, animals received a total of 21 pairings of light with palatable food and sucrose solution, whereas controls received food and sucrose in the absence of light. The amplitude of the acoustic startle response was significantly reduced in the presence of light in conditioned animals, but not in controls. It is assumed that a conditioned response to light is the activation of a central state of pleasure. We therefore suggest that "pleasure-attenuated startle" reflects a mechanism by which a defensive or aversive response is attenuated during a pleasant, hedonic state.
Colitic Scid Mice Fed Lactobacillus spp. Show an Ameliorated Gut Histopathology and an Altered Cytokine Profile by Local T Cells

Background: Scid mice transplanted with CD4+ T blast cells develop colitis. We investigated if the disease was influenced in colitic mice treated with antibiotic and fed Lactobacillus spp. Methods: Colitic scid mice were treated for 1 week with antibiotics (vancomycin/meropenem) followed or not followed by a 3‐week administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM‐12246 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 19070‐2 at 2 × 109 live bacteria/mouse/24 hours. After 12 weeks, the rectums were removed for histology, and CD4+ T cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were polyclonally activated for cytokine measurements. Results: Irrespective of no treatment or treatments with antibiotics and probiotics, all mice transplanted with T cell blasts lost 10% of their body weight during the 12‐week experimental period, whereas the nontransplanted mice had a 10% weight increase (P < 0.001). All mice treated with antibiotics but not fed probiotics showed severe gut inflammation, whereas only 2 of the 7 mice fed probiotics showed signs of severe colitis (P < 0.05). MLN‐derived CD4+ T cells from this latter group of mice showed lower levels of interleukin‐4 secretion (P < 0.05) and a tendency to higher interferon‐&ggr; production than mice not fed probiotics. Conclusions: Our data suggest that probiotics added to the drinking water may ameliorate local histopathological changes and influence local cytokine levels in colitic mice but not alter the colitis‐associated weight loss.
The structure and function of the centrosomes from Chinese hamster ovary

The structure and function of the centrosomes from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were investigated by electron microscopy of negatively stained wholemount preparations of cell lysates. Ceils were trypsinized from culture dishes, lysed with Triton X-100, sedimented onto ionized, carbon-coated grids, and negatively stained with phosphotungstate. The centrosomes from both interphase and dividing cells consisted of pairs of centrioles, a fibrous pericentriolar material, and a group of virus-like particles which were characteristic of the C H O cells and which served as markers for the pericentriolar material. Interphase centrosomes anchored up to two dozen microtubules when cells were lysed under conditions which preserved native microtubules. When Colcemid-blocked mitotic cells, initially devoid of microtubules, were allowed to recover for 10 rain, microtubules formed at the pericentriolar material, but not at the centrioles. When lysates of Colcemid-blocked cells were incubated in vitro with microtubule protein purified from porcine brain tissue, up to 250 microtubules assembled at the centrosomes, similar to the number of microtubules that would normally form at the centrosome during cell division. A few microtubules could also be assembled in vitro onto the ends of isolated centrioles from which the pericentriolar material had been removed, forming characteristic axoneme-like bundles. In addition, microtubules were assembled onto fragments of densely staining, fibrous material which was tentatively identified as pericentriolar material by its association with the virus-like particles. We conclude that the pericentriolar material of C H O can initiate and anchor microtubules both in vivo and in vitro. The centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles surrounded by a fibrous substance called the "pericentriolar material. " In mammalian ceils, the centrosome serves as a microtubule organizing center in two distinct ways. During interphase, it resides near the nucleus and is apparently the origin of a network of cytoplasmic microtubules that are thought to help maintain the cell's shape (35, 26, 8, 24). During cell division, the centrosomes, one at each pole of the cell, give rise to a spindleshaped array of microtubules that forms the framework of the mitotic apparatus (40, 3, 26). Although the centrosome has been studied for a century, and although it is a prototype for other microtubule-organizing centers, the mechanism by which it nucleates, orients, and anchors microtubules has remained a mystery. In their studies of cell division (2, 7, 40), the early cytologists first posed the crucial question, which part of the centrosome gives rise to the THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 9 VOLUME 73, 1977 9 pages 601-615 601 on Jne 7, 2017 D ow nladed fom Published June 1, 1977
Sine wave as a correlating signal for UWB radio

In this paper, an analog correlator for impulse radio is designed using a sine wave as a correlating signal. The design of the low-power sine wave generation circuitry is demonstrated and the analog multiplier using this waveform is implemented. The overall power consumption of the 8GHz LC-VCO and the divider-by-two circuit is 5mW
A highly compact four-element monopole array with one-layer decoupling and matching network

The design of a highly compact four-element monopole antenna array operating at 2.45 GHz is provided. The four radiation elements are symmetrically placed and the minimum distance between them is 0. 07λ. The input ports are decoupled by a simple decoupling network, which is a one-layer printed circuit board only containing transmission lines on low-cost FR 4 substrate. The proposed array shows good performance in port decoupling and matching, the coupling coefficient between the ports is below -20 dB, and the matching bandwidth is around 100 MHz.
Mannose‐binding lectin and MBL‐associated serine protease‐2 gene polymorphisms in a Brazilian population from Rio de Janeiro

Mannose‐binding lectin (MBL) is a protein able to bind to carbohydrate patterns on pathogen membranes; upon MBL binding, its’ associated serine protease MBL‐associated serine protease type 2 (MASP2) is autoactivated, promoting the activation of complement via the lectin pathway. For both MBL2 and MASP2 genes, the frequencies of polymorphisms are extremely variable between different ethnicities, and this aspect has to be carefully considered when performing genetic studies. While polymorphisms in the MBL‐encoding gene (MBL2) have been associated, depending upon ethnicity, with several diseases in different populations, little is known about the distribution of MASP2 gene polymorphisms in human populations. The aim of our study was thus to determine the frequencies of MBL2 (exon 1 and promoter) and MASP2 (p.D371Y) polymorphisms in a Brazilian population from Rio de Janeiro. A total of 294 blood donor samples were genotyped for 27 polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene by direct sequencing of a region spanning from the promoter polymorphism H/L rs11003125 to the rs1800451 polymorphism (at codon 57 in the first exon of the gene). Genotyping for MASP2 p.D371Y was carried out using fluorogenic probes. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the prevalence of the MASP2 p.D371Y polymorphism in a Brazilian population. The C allele frequency 39% is something intermediate between the reported 14% in Europeans and 90% in Sub‐Saharan Africans. MBL2 polymorphisms frequencies were quite comparable to those previously reported for admixed Brazilians. Both MBL2 and MASP2 polymorphisms frequencies reported in our study for the admixed Brazilian population are somehow intermediate between those reported in Europeans and Africans, reflecting the ethnic composition of the southern Brazilian population, estimated to derive from an admixture of Caucasian (31%), African (34%) and Native American (33%) populations. In conclusion, our population genetic study describes the frequencies of MBL2 and MASP2 functional SNPs in a population from Rio de Janeiro, with the aim of adding new information concerning the distribution of these SNPs in a previously unanalysed Brazilian population, thus providing a new genetic tool for the evaluation of the association of MBL2 and MASP2 functional SNPs with diseases in Brazil, with particular emphasis on the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Survival rate of early stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma of endometrium treated at Srinagarind Hospital.

PURPOSE To evaluate the survival outcome of early stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with risk factors for locoregional recurrence treated with combined pelvic external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) after comprehensive surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Post-operative radiotherapy by pelvic EBRT and VBT for early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma resulted in excellent pelvic control with acceptable complications. This study showed no significant relationships between age, stage, histologic grade and LVSI and overall survival rate. RESULTS The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) of early stage endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma was 85.7%. Acute toxicity occurred in 38.1% of the patients, all of whom were grade 1 or 2. Total late toxicity developed in 42.9% of study group, in which 36.99% of them were grade 1-2 and 4.76% were grade 3-4. CONCLUSIONS Post-operative radiotherapy by pelvic EBRT and VBT is acceptable for early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, independent of age, stage, histologic grade and LVSI.
Developmental age, physical fitness and Toxocara seroprevalence amongst lower-secondary students living in rural areas contaminated with Toxocara eggs

SUMMARY Scarce and inconclusive information on general biological impact of Toxocara invasion on paratenic hosts, and people in particular, has led us to undertake a comprehensive study of the problem. The study has been conducted in a rural environment, which is considered a toxocarosis risk factor. In total 200 soil samples have been screened for Toxocara eggs by flotation, of which 14·5% were positive. Backyards close to households were most heavily contaminated with infectious eggs – 21·7% of positive samples. ELISA serological tests performed on 242 lower-secondary students found 14·5% of the studied population to be definitely positive – 16·5% of boys and 12·8% of girls, respectively. The odds of being infected with Toxocara were 2 times (CI: 1·15–3·85) more likely for individuals who owned a cat than those who did not own a cat. Strong significant correlation between seropositivity and the presence of a dog in a household was found with boys. The level of developmental age was significantly higher in seropositive than in seronegative students. No significant correlation has been observed between the motor abilities and seropositivity of students. Seropositive boys had significantly lower end-of-year grades than their seronegative counterparts.
El crecimiento de los brinzales de Quercus coccifera y Q. faginea responde de manera diferente a la fertilización con nitrógeno

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el nivel de suficiencia para el nitrogeno de Quercus coccifera y Q. faginea, es decir, el nivel de fertilizacion nitrogenada a partir del cual el crecimiento de los brinzales se satura. Ademas, se analiza si las diferencias de capacidad de crecimiento radical (RGC) de plantas de tratamientos distintos difieren en funcion de las condiciones ambientales en las que se realiza el test de RGC. Se cultivaron brinzales a cinco niveles crecientes de N (0, 30, 75, 150, y 200 mg N.planta-1). RGC se estudio en Q. coccifera y se usaron las plantas producidas en los tratamientos de fertilizacion. La mitad de las plantas fueron emplazadas en un invernadero con temperaturas suaves, mientras que la otra mitad se emplazo al aire libre bajo condiciones bajas de temperatura. La masa de las plantas se incremento con la fertilizacion N, pero el crecimiento de Q. coccifera se saturo (alcanzo el nivel de suficiencia) a 75 mg N.planta-1 mientras que el de Q. faginea se saturo a 150 mg N.planta-1. La concentracion de N en planta se incremento en ambas especies con la fertilizacion N, no observandose una saturacion en la respuesta. La RGC de Q. coccifera fue mayor en el invernadero que en el exterior. En ambos ambientes, RGC se incremento de la misma manera con el incremento de fertilizacion N. Se concluye que Q. coccifera requiere menor fertilizacion nitrogenada que Q. faginea para alcanzar el nivel de suficiencia y que la diferencia de RGC entre tratamientos de fertilizacion es independiente de las condiciones ambientales en las que se determina.
Efficient Multiple Multicast in WDM Networks

SUMMARY This paper addresses the problem of multiple multicast in WDM networks. It presents three efficient algorithms to construct an optimal/sub-optimal multicast tree for each multicast and minimise the network congestion on wavelengths. The first two algorithm achieve an optimal network congestion for a specific class of networks whose all wavelengths are globally accessible and convertible at a unit cost. The third algorithm produces an approximation solution for the general case of WDM networks.
Internet Connectedness and Inequality

This article presents the Internet Connectedness Index (ICI), a measure for monitoring long-term inequalities in the quality of Internet connections among users, especially in terms of whether Internet connections will enhance the chances of people's upward mobility. This index is preferable to more established digital divide measures (e.g., gadgetry ownership or time online) for research on how the Internet is being incorporated into a world of structural inequalities. The ICI utilizes conventional time, history, and context measures, but goes beyond them to capture the scope and centrality of Internet incorporation into the everyday lives of diverse social groups. The validity and robustness of ICI vis-á-vis conventional ownership and time online measures are demonstrated in this article. In addition, the authors discuss theoretical, methodological, and policy implications based on the results. The analytical data are drawn from the Communication Technology and Community Program's Metamorphosis Project, an inquiry into the communication infrastructures of seven ethnically marked residential areas in Los Angeles.
Asymmetrical Twin-Core Fiber Based Michelson Interferometer for Refractive Index Sensing

An asymmetrical twin-core fiber based Michelson interferometer is reported as a refractive index sensor. One core of the twin-core fiber locates at the fiber center and the other core is 26 μ m away from the central core. Part of the cladding of the twin-core fiber over a small length is removed by chemical etching to make the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the side core is sensitive to the ambient refractive index. Therefore, the interference spectrum between the central core and the side core shifts with the variation of the ambient refractive index. The sensitivity of such a Michelson interferometer is ~ 270 nm/RIU in the range of 1.34-1.38.
Starch-based nanocomposites reinforced with flax cellulose nanocrystals

In this study, the cellulose crystals, prepared by acid hydrolysis of flax fiber, consisted of slender rods with lengths ranging from 100 to 500 nm and diameters ranging from 10 to 30 nm, respectively. After mixing the suspension of flax cellulose nanocrystals (FCNs) and plasticized starch (PS), the nanocomposite films were obtained by the casting method. The effects of FCNs loading on the morphology, thermal behaviour, mechanical properties and water sensitivity of the films were investigated by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and water absorption testing. Scanning electron microscopy photographs of the failure surfaces clearly demonstrated a homogeneous dispersion of FCNs within the PS matrix and strong interfacial adherence between matrix and fillers, which led to an increase of glass transition temperature ascribed to the starch molecular chains in the starch-rich phase. In particular, these nanocomposite films exhibited a significant increase in tensile strength and Young’s modulus from 3.9 to 11.9 MPa and from 31.9 to 498.2 MPa, respectively, with increasing FCNs content from 0 to 30 wt%. Also, with a loading of FCNs, the resulting nanocomposite films showed a higher water resistance. Therefore, FCNs played an important role in improving the mechanical properties and water resistance of the starch-based materials.
Infinite Excursions of Router Walks on Regular Trees

A rotor configuration on a graph contains in every vertex an infinite ordered sequence of rotors, each is pointing to a neighbor of the vertex. After sampling a configuration according to some probability measure, a rotor walk is a deterministic process: at each step it chooses the next unused rotor in its current location, and uses it to jump to the neighboring vertex to which it points. Rotor walks capture many aspects of the expected behavior of simple random walks. However, this similarity breaks down for the property of having an infinite excursion. In this paper we study that question for natural random configuration models on regular trees. Our results suggest that in this context the rotor model behaves like the simple random walk unless it is not "close to" the standard rotor-router model.
L-Infinity Optimization to Linear Spaces and Phylogenetic Trees

Given a distance matrix consisting of pairwise distances between species, a distance-based phylogenetic reconstruction method returns a tree metric or equidistant tree metric (ultrametric) that best fits the data. We investigate distance-based phylogenetic reconstruction using the $l^\infty$-metric. In particular, we analyze the set of ultrametrics and tree metrics $l^\infty$-closest to an arbitrary dissimilarity map to determine its dimension and the tree topologies it represents. In the case of ultrametrics, we decompose the space of dissimilarity maps on three elements and on four elements relative to the tree topologies represented. Our approach is to first address uniqueness issues arising in $l^\infty$-optimization to linear spaces. We show that the $l^\infty$-closest point in a linear space is unique if and only if the underlying matroid of the linear space is uniform. We also give a polyhedral decomposition of $\mathbb{R}^m$ based on the dimension of the set of $l^\infty$-closest points in a linea.
Knowledge Based Real Time Monitoring System for Aquaculture Using IoT

Internet of things is one of the rapidly growing fields for delivering social and economic benefits for emerging and developing economy. The field of IOT is expanding its wings in all the domains like medical, industrial, transportation, education, mining etc. Now-a-days with the advancement in integrated on chip computers like Arduino, Raspberry pi the technology is reaching the ground level with its application in agriculture and aquaculture. Water quality is a critical factor while culturing aquatic organisms. It mainly depends on several parameters like dissolved oxygen, ammonia, pH, temperature, salt, nitrates, carbonates etc. The quality of water is monitored continuously with the help of sensors to ensure growth and survival of aquatic life. The sensed data is transferred to the aqua farmer mobile through cloud. As a result preventive measures can be taken in time to minimize the losses and increase the productivity.
Mobile Gift Recommendation Algorithm

The mobile application market and e-commerce sales have grown steadily, along with the growth of studies and product recommendation solutions implemented in e-commerce systems. In this context, this paper proposes a recommendation algorithm for mobile devices based on the COREL framework. The proposed recommendation algorithm is a customization of the COREL framework, based on the complexity of the implementation associated with iOS mobile applications. Therefore, this work aims to customize a gift recommendation algorithm in the context of mobile devices using as main input the user preferences for the gifts recommendation in the Giftr application.
Early prediction of nonresponders to treatment with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin is costly in terms of side effects, medical resources and drug costs. Furthermore, less than 50% of patients overall have a sustained virological response (SVR). OBJECTIVE To determine if the log fall in HCV RNA between baseline and week 1 (b-wk1) and between baseline and week 4 (b-wk4) after starting treatment could identify the nonresponders. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-three patients who had completed a full course of therapy were identified. Quantitative measurements of HCV RNA were analyzed from stored sera, collected prospectively. RESULTS SVR was achieved in 47.1% and 47.3% of patients in the b-wk1 and b-wk4 groups, respectively. No patients had an SVR with a fall in HCV RNA of less than 0.35 log10 and 1.05 log10 at week 1 and week 4, respectively. This accounted for 44.4% and 51.7% of the nonresponders in the b-wk1 and b-wk4 groups, respectively. Once the decline in viral load was known, genotype, age, sex and baseline viral load did not provide additional power in predicting treatment responses. CONCLUSION A fall of 1.05 log10 in HCV RNA at week 4 predicts those patients who will not respond, identifying one-half of all nonresponders; this allows therapy to be stopped early, without depriving any patient who would have an SVR from treatment.
The Use of Social Networking Services and Their Relationship with the Big Five Personality Model and Job Satisfaction in Korea

Social networking services (SNSs) have been garnering attention from society due to their recent rapid growth. This study examines whether SNS use can affect the relationship between the Big Five personality model and individual job satisfaction. Based on a sample of 1,452 workers in Korea, the results of this study indicate that the Big Five personality model (extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) was significantly related to individual job satisfaction. Further, SNS use moderated the relationship between extroversion and neuroticism with individual job satisfaction. Also, SNS use was found to increase job satisfaction of Korean workers who are more extroverted, while it also affected job satisfaction of Korean workers with low agreeableness. As SNS use plays an important role in the workplace, it is necessary to realize and appreciate the importance of SNSs in shaping and promoting job satisfaction of working individuals.