Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Green Fresh Food Logistics with Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Route Problem by Improved Genetic Algorithm

In order to reduce the distribution cost of fresh food logistics and achieve the goal of green distribution at the same time, the Green Fresh Food Logistics with Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Route Problem (GFLHF-VRP) model is established. Based on the particularity of the model, an improved genetic algorithm called Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Simulated Annealing Mutation (GAASAM) is proposed in which the mutation operation is upgraded to a simulated annealing mutation operation and its parameters are adjusted by the adaptive operation. The experimental results show that the proposed GAASAM can effectively solve the vehicle routing problem of the proposed model, achieve better performance than the genetic algorithm, and avoid falling into a local optimal trap. The distribution routes obtained by GAASAM are with lower total distribution cost, and achieve the goal of green distribution in which energy, fuel consumption and carbon emissions are reduced at the same time. On the other hand, the proposed GFLHF-VRP and GAASAM can provide a reliable distribution route plan for fresh food logistics enterprises with multiple types of distribution vehicles in real life, which can further reduce the distribution cost and achieve a greener and more environment-friendly distribution solution. The results of this study also provide a managerial method for fresh food logistics enterprises to effectively arrange the distribution work with more social responsibility.
The effect of milk quantity and feeding frequency on calf growth and behaviour

Context Calves left with their dam to suckle will consume ~7–12 L/day; however, the amount of milk provided to dairy young calves removed from their dams may often be as low as 4 L/day, or 10% of their bodyweight. Aims This study compared once and twice daily feeding, as well as feeding levels of 10 and 20% of bodyweight and studied the effect on behaviour and metabolic indicators indicative of hunger. Methods Forty-six male dairy calves were allocated to one of three treatments from 3 to 8 days of age: (i) 10% of bodyweight offered daily as one meal (1 × 10%, n = 16); (ii) 10% of bodyweight offered daily over two meals (2 × 5%, n = 15); or (iii) 20% of bodyweight offered over two meals (2 × 10%, n = 15). Behaviour during and after feeding was observed by video, and blood samples taken on selected days were analysed for glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), cortisol and packed-cell volume. Key results Milk intake on Days 3 and 4 was lower in those calves fed once daily compared with calves fed twice daily. Calves fed at 20% bodyweight had higher milk intake compared with calves fed at 10% bodyweight on all days other than Day 3 and growth was higher in those calves. Non-nutritive sucking was mainly associated with feeding times and it was highest in calves fed 10% bodyweight over two meals, with a suckling pattern that suggested that feeding at 10% bodyweight satisfied feeding motivation less than feeding at 20% bodyweight. Play behaviour was reduced in calves fed once daily, suggesting hunger and reduced welfare. There were significant effects on physiological indicators of metabolic state. NEFA concentrations were significantly higher in calves fed once daily and calves fed 10% of bodyweight at certain time points, indicating a lower energy balance. Conclusions Feeding twice daily offers benefits to calves up to Day 4 of life whereas feeding 20% of bodyweight was beneficial after Day 4 to increase satisfaction of feeding motivation and nutrition for growth. Although metabolic variables were within normal physiological range for all treatments, the effects on feed intake, growth and non-nutrient sucking suggest marked effects on hunger when calves are fed the lower milk allowance. Implications The fairly common practice of feeding dairy calves 10% of bodyweight, in one or two daily meals may leave calves hungry, and an increase in milk allowance should be considered.
A novel miniaturized metamaterial lens antenna

This article develops a flat, miniaturized lens based on metamaterial for antenna gain improvement. The overall size of the lens is 1. 9λ0 × 1. 9λ0 × 0. 05λ0. The distance between the metamaterial lens and the antenna is only about 0. 4λ0. The prototype lens antenna is fabricated and the measured results are in agreement with the simulated results. It shows that the proposed lens provides significant gain enhancement by 2 to 3.5 dB between 1.3 and 1.45 GHz, which effectively demonstrate a high directivity, miniaturized, and compact metamaterial lens antenna.
Plant biomass, not plant economics traits, determines responses of soil CO2 efflux to precipitation in the C4 grass Panicum virgatum

Plant responses to major environmental drivers like precipitation can influence important aspects of carbon (C) cycling like soil CO2 efflux ( JCO2 ). These responses may be predicted by two independent classes of drivers: plant size—larger plants respire more and produce a larger quantity of labile C, and plant economics—plants possessing more acquisitive plant economics strategies (i.e. high metabolic rate and tissue nutrient content) produce higher‐quality tissue that respires rapidly and decomposes quickly. At two sites in central Texas, USA with similar climates and differing soil characteristics, we examined the response of eight Panicum virgatum genotypes to three annual precipitation levels defined by the driest, average and wettest years from each site's precipitation history. We evaluated the individual and joint influence of plant genotypes and precipitation on JCO2 and traits related to plant economics and plant size. We then used confirmatory path analysis to evaluate whether effects of precipitation on JCO2 were in part related to effects of precipitation on plant economics traits or size (‘mediated’ effects). These genotypes exhibited variation in plant economics traits and above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP), an above‐ground measure of plant size. Increasing precipitation increased JCO2 and ANPP more than plant economics traits. At both sites, ANPP was the best predictor of JCO2 . Moreover, the sites differed in the ways that plant size and plant economics traits combined with precipitation to influence JCO2 . At the Austin site, the positive effect of precipitation on JCO2 was mediated primarily by ANPP, offset by a smaller effect of leaf nitrogen content; no direct precipitation effect was detected. At the Temple site, increasing precipitation had positive direct and ANPP‐mediated effects on JCO2 . This suggests that greater water limitation at Austin may strengthen the links between plant size and JCO2 . Synthesis. Estimates of C cycling can be improved by accounting for mediation of precipitation effects on JCO2 by plant economics traits and plant size in resource‐limited environments.
Phylogenetic relations and historical biogeography of Fordia and Imbralyx (Papilionaceae: Millettieae)

Cladistic analyses are performed on morphological and anatomical data of Fordia and Imbralyx. It is shown that both genera should be unified. Biogeographical analysis is performed and vicariance events are presented as results of speciation events due to climatic changes in the Pleistocene. The necessary new combinations for the species in Fordia and a key to all species have been presented in a separate paper (Dasuki & Schot, 1991, this issue).
Use of Deep Multi-Target Prediction to Identify Learning Styles

It is possible to classify students according to the manner they recognize, process, and store information. This classification should be considered when developing adaptive e-learning systems. It also creates a comprehension of the different styles students demonstrate while in the process of learning, which can help adaptive e-learning systems offer advice and instructions to students, teachers, administrators, and parents in order to optimize students’ learning processes. Moreover, e-learning systems using computational and statistical algorithms to analyze students’ learning may offer the opportunity to complement traditional learning evaluation methods with new ones based on analytical intelligence. In this work, we propose a method based on deep multi-target prediction algorithm using Felder–Silverman learning styles model to improve students’ learning evaluation using feature selection, learning styles models, and multiple target classification. As a result, we present a set of features and a model based on an artificial neural network to investigate the possibility of improving the accuracy of automatic learning styles identification. The obtained results show that learning styles allow adaptive e-learning systems to improve the learning processes of students.
Bridging Leadership Perspectives: Practitioner vs. Educator in the Healthcare Field of Dietetics

Aims: Identify leadership competencies and skills needed by entry-level registered dietitians. An overarching goal was to provide curriculum developers in healthcare professions directions about leadership competencies required for entry into the professional workforce. Study Design: Modified Delphi Study. Methodology: We invited 105 participants to populate two expert panel groups (1) practitioners serving in professional leadership positions as presidents for state affiliate associations of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (N=52) and (2) educators of dietetic professionals holding position of director of a Coordinated Dietetic programs (N=53). Perspectives about leadership competencies and skills from registered dietitians were examined through a three round Delphi study analyzing views of two expert panel groups: practitioners and educators. Results: Initially, panelists identified leadership priorities for dietetics educational programs. In subsequent rounds, panelists rated importance of leadership priority statements. Through qualitative analysis, responses between panel groups were compared. Additionally, chi-square analysis was Original Research Article Miner et al.; JESBS, 33(2): 21-31, 2020; Article no.JESBS. 55448 22 conducted to determine the relationship between ratings of each panel. Practitioners and educators rated 32 out of 202 leadership statements differently (p<0.5), indicating some contrasting leadership perspectives based on professional role. Discussion: Findings from qualitative analysis suggest different leadership perspectives may exist between educators and practitioners. Educators are urged to consider differences in leadership perspectives when preparing students for leadership positions.
A New Combination in the Genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Myodocopa: Cladocopina), with the Description of a New Species from Japan

Polycope japonica Hiruta, 1983 is transferred to the genus Parapolycope based on the morphology of the upper lip, antennula, antenna, mandibula, maxillula, and copulatory organ. In addition, a new species, Parapolycope digitolabrum sp. nov., is described and illustrated from a small sandy beach in Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, central Japan.
THE EFFECT OF BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ON EXPERIMENTALLY-INDUCED GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE INJURY IN FEMALE ALBINO RATS

Objective: Skeletal muscle injury has become an important condition to treat. With traumas increasing and poor health outcome it has become important to find a suitable treatment to enhance the regeneration of this tissue. Many treatment options are available but there is still no best technique to treat the skeletal muscles in a rapid and effective way. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) need to be demonstrated to be able to do this in a very well way.Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic potential of BM-MSCs in treatment of gastrocnemius muscle injury after 14 days.Material and Methods: Fifteen female rats were randomly divided into three groups:1. Group I (Control Group)2. Group II (Gastrocnemius muscle injury without BM-MSCs local injection)3. Group III (Gastrocnemius muscle injury with BM-MSCs local injection) The muscle specimens were processed for the light microscope, transmission electron microscope examination, and real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) assay for Y-chromosome, and CM-Dil.Results: Group II showed destruction of the muscle fibres and replacement with fibrous tissue. There was depletion of the cytoplasmic content. Group III showed regeneration of the muscle fibres with minimal amount of fibrous tissue. The nuclei of the muscle fibres regained their normal architecture and bridging between the muscle fibres remained. The BM-MSCs become part of the muscle fibres as proved by CM-Dil.Conclusion: The results confirmed that BM-MSCs are a great option for the use in skeletal muscle regeneration. They were capable of both accelerating the healing process and allowing the skeletal muscle to repair with health new muscular tissue.
Nitrogen levels and its time of application influence leaf area, height and biomass of maize planted at low and high density.

Field experiments were conducted at the New Developmental Research Farm of NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2002-03 and 2003-04 to investigate the impacts of nitrogen (N) rate and its time of application on leaf area, plant height and biomass yield of maize (Zea mays L., cv. Azam) planted at low and high density. Factorial experimental treatments comprising two plant densities (P1 = 60,000 and P2 = 100,000 plants ha -1 ) and three nitrogen rates (N1 = 60, N2 = 120 and N3 = 180 kg N ha -1 ) were kept in main plots, while six split application for N in different proportions were kept in subplots at different growth stages of maize in two equal (S1), three equal (S2), three unequal (S3), four equal (S4), five equal (S5) and five unequal splits (S6) at sowing and with 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th irrigation at two weeks intervals. Mean single leaf area (MSLA), and plant height was significantly higher in 2002-03 than in the 2003-04. Maize produced significantly taller plant and ear heights as well as biomass yield at high than at low density. MSLA and leaf area per plant (LAPP), plant and ear heights as well as biomass yield showed a remarkable increase with increasing N rate and number of N split applications. It is concluded that growing maize at high density with application of 50% higher N rate (180 kg ha -1 ) than the recommended rate of N (120 kg ha -1 ) in four to five splits can increase leaf area and plant height that could result in maximum biomass yield of maize and hence increase productivity of maize crop.
Saudi Electronic University a Role Model in Implementing Blended Learning; Exploring the Experience of Female Students in the Department of English Language and Translation

This study explores students’ perceptions of blended learning in a Saudi higher education institution; namely, the Saudi Electronic University. SEU is the only university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that offers undergraduate degree programs in complete mandatory Blended Learning mode of education in all courses. The study aims to describe the actual utilization of online learning represented by Blackboard as the official Learning Management System in SEU and to dictate students’ satisfaction with the learning experience. The methodology used to achieve this goal was surveying students’ opinions through sending out online questionnaires. The main purpose of this study is to consider the students’ feedback, improve what needs improvements, and keep up the good work if it is considered ‘good work’.
Analytic value function for a pairs trading strategy with a Lévy-driven Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process

This paper studies the performance of pairs trading strategy under a specific spread model. Based on the empirical evidence of mean reversion and jumps in the spread between pairs of stocks, we assume that the spread follows a Lévy-driven Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with two-sided jumps. To evaluate the performance of a pairs trading strategy, we propose the expected return per unit time as the value function of the strategy. Significantly different from the current related works, we incorporate an excess jump component into the calculation of return and time cost. Further, we obtain the analytic expression of strategy value function, where we solve out the probabilities of crossing thresholds via the Laplace transform of first passage time of the Lévy-driven Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process in one-sided and two-sided exit problems. Through numerical illustrations, we calculate the value function and optimal thresholds for a spread model with symmetric jumps, reveal the non-negligible contribution of incorporating the excess jumps into the value function, and analyze the impact of model parameters on the strategy performance.
Valuing ecotourism in a tropical rain-forest reserve.

This study measures the value of ecotourism at a tropical rain-forest site in Costa Rica using the travel cost method. By observing travel behavior, the study reveals that Costa Rican visitors are willing to pay considerably for the experience of visiting the site. The present value of the site per hectare, based on domestic and foreign use alone, is found to be 1-2 magnitudes greater than the purchase price currently paid by the reserve for acquisition of new lands. This estimate does not include other potential preservation values such as harvesting of commodities (fruit, latex, etc.), protection of watersheds, or protection of wildlife habitat and rare species.
Analyse quantitative de l'effet des bactéries probiotiques sur les fermentations dans le rumen et les performances des bovins en production

Subacute ruminal acidosis is a major concern in nutrition of high-producing ruminants. Its prevention by supplementing diets with probiotic bacteria (PB) is a potentially effective strategy that should be considered in light of the ability of probiotics to positively modulate the ruminal flora and fermentations. A meta-analysis of 33 experiments (82 treatments) was made to highlight the effect of PB, used alone or associated with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PB + SC), on ruminal parameters and animal performance of dairy and beef cattle. Although in beef cattle supplementation with PB or with PB + SC did not affect the average animal perfor-mance, in dairy cows, supplementation with PB + SC increased intake (+ 1.7 kg/day) and milk production (+ 2.36 kg/day) without affecting milk composition. The effect of probiotics on ruminal fermentations was inconsistent and relatively weak. However, for low initial mean pH values ​​(pH < 5.75), supplementation with PB alone or PB + SC significantly increased the pH. Finally, although not included in the statistical model because of limited data, animal responses also appear to depend on the type of PB used.
A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems

In this paper, a dual-stage modeling and optimization framework has been developed to obtain an optimal combination and size of wayside energy storage systems (WESSs) for application in DC rail transportation. Energy storage technologies may consist of a standalone battery, a standalone supercapacitor, a standalone flywheel, or a combination of these. Results from the dual-stage modeling and optimization process have been utilized for deducing an application-specific composition of type and size of the WESSs. These applications consist of different percentages of energy saving due to regenerative braking, voltage regulation, peak demand reduction, estimated payback period, and system resiliency. In the first stage, sizes of the ESSs have been estimated using developed detailed mathematical models, and optimized using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the second stage, the respective sizes of ESSs are simulated by developing an all-inclusive model of the transit system, ESS and ESS management system (EMS) in MATLAB/Simulink. The mathematical modeling provides initial recommendations for the sizes from a large search space. However, the dynamic simulation contributes to the optimization by highlighting the transit system constraints and practical limitations of ESSs, which impose bounds on the maximum energy that can be captured from decelerating trains.
Development and Field Application of a Passive Sampler for Atmospheric Mercury

In this study, a passive sampler for gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was developed and applied to field monitoring. Three Radiello® diffusive bodies with iodineimpregnated activated carbon (I-IAC) as a Hg adsorbent were placed in an opaque acrylic external shield with a stainless steel lid. The performance of the passive sampler was evaluated at seven monitoring sites in South Korea. Hg uptake mass by the passive sampler linearly increased as the deployment time increased up to four months. The reproducibility of the sampler uptake mass for the different deployment periods was also good, and the average relative standard deviation calculated for the three adsorbents in one passive sampler was 9%. Using the Hg concentration measured by an active sampler, an experimental sampling rate (SR) of 0.082 m3 day−1 was obtained. It was shown that the experimental SR was significantly affected by meteorological parameters, and a calibration equation was successfully derived based on wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. With the calibrated SRs, there was a significant correlation between the active and passive Hg concentrations. When the passive samplers were deployed in an industrial district, the GEM concentration showed very large spatial variation, suggesting its potential for application in future field monitoring.
Effect of Commercial Neighbors on The Online Popularity of Peer-To-Peer Accommodation-Sharing Properties

Commercial hosts are becoming increasingly common in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation sharing. Yet the interplay between commercial and individual hosts has been unclear. This study investigates the effect of properties managed by commercial hosts on the individual hosts in the neighborhood. Specifically, we hypothesize that an increase in commercial properties, which have competitive advantages, would penetrate neighborhood markets and cannibalize the online popularity of individual properties. We test these hypotheses using a large-scale, longitudinal data set collected from a leading P2P accommodation-sharing platform in Beijing. The findings show that an increase in commercial properties is associated with a decline in the popularity of individual properties in the neighborhood. However, the negative effect of commercial properties is weakened when there is a higher price difference between the two ownership types and a higher density of tourist attractions. The implications for service operations and strategies for P2P accommodation-sharing businesses are discussed.
Solutions of the nonlocal (2+1)-D breaking solitons hierarchy and the negative order AKNS hierarchy

The (2+1)-dimensional nonlocal breaking solitons AKNS hierarchy and the nonlocal negative order AKNS hierarchy are presented. Solutions in double Wronskian form of these two hierarchies are derived by means of a reduction technique from those of the unreduced hierarchies. The advantage of our method is that we start from the known solutions of the unreduced bilinear equations, and obtain solitons and multiple-pole solutions for the variety of classical and nonlocal reductions. Dynamical behaviors of some obtained solutions are illustrated. It is remarkable that for some real nonlocal equations, amplitudes of solutions are related to the independent variables that are reversed in the real nonlocal reductions.