Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A high-throughput screen to identify inhibitors of aromatase (CYP19).

Summary of IC 50 Values for the Test Compounds a Test compoundIC 50 value (mM)Day 1 Day 2 Mean Range/meanOrg 30365 0.0026 0.0016 0.0021 0.24Org 30958 0.0198 0.0079 0.0138 0.434-OHA 0.028 0.034 0.031 0.10Androstenedione 0.068 0.096 0.082 0.17Testosterone 0.126 0.240 0.183 0.31ANF 0.149 0.207 0.178 0.16Chrysin 0.60 0.79 0.70 0.13AG 0.61 0.93 0.77 0.21Ketoconazole 0.64 1.17 0.90 0.30Tranylcypromine 1.12 1.55 1.34 0.16(6)-Naringenin 1.17 1.91 1.54 0.24Estrone 1.17 2.72 1.95 0.39b-Estradiol 6.99 9.40 8.20 0.15Quinidine . 5 . 5 . 5—Sulfaphenazole . 10 . 10 . 10 —Quercetin . 50 . 50 . 50 —Furafylline . 100 100 —Mean 0.23 a IC 50 values were determined in duplicate on separate days. TABLE 3 Comparison of IC 50 Values for Selected Test Compounds Test compoundPresentstudyLiterature IC 50 or K i values with androstenedione as substrate (mM)(17) a (13) b (15) c (18) d (14) c (19) c (20) e (12) c Org 30365 0.0021 — — — — — — — 0.09Org 30958 0.0138 — — — — — — — —4-OHA 0.031 — 0.015 0.18 — 0.05 0.04 0.039 1.4Androstenedione 0.082 — — — — — — — —Testosterone 0.183 — — — — — — — —ANF 0.178 2.2 — — 0.2 0.07 — — —Chrysin 0.70 2.6 — — 2.4 0.5 — — —AG 0.77 — 0.62 30 2.4 — 55 6.53 —Ketoconazole 0.90 — — 7.3 — — 65 6.04 —Tranylcypromine 1.34 — — — — — — — —(6)-Naringenin 1.54 5.1 — — — — — — —Quercetin . 50 — — — No effect 12 — — —
B-cells in systemic sclerosis: emerging evidence from genetics to phenotypes

Purpose of reviewThis review aims to summarize current evidence for a role of B-cells in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) from genetics to phenotypes, with an emphasis on recent insights. Recent findingsMultiple genomic analyses have associated several B-cell signalling genes with SSc. Moreover, interesting B-cell subset alterations and activation/memory marker changes have also been documented in SSc. Co-cultures of blood B-cells with dermal fibroblasts isolated from SSc patients demonstrated the induction of collagen, interleukin (IL)-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-&bgr;1, IL-1&bgr; and chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in the fibroblasts, following potential B-cell cues delivered to the fibroblasts. Plasma cell gene signatures were elevated in SSc patients’ blood, and highly correlated with collagen gene expression. Finally, anti-CD20 B-cell depletion therapy not only improved skin disease but also preserved interstitial lung disease in early diffuse cutaneous disease. SummaryThus, there is resounding evidence that B-cells play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of SSc. However, the molecular pathways through which B-cells may direct fibroblast function, SSc disease development and progression remain unclear, and warrant further study.
preventative neuromuscular training on anterior 56 cruciate ligament injury rates in female athletes : a systematic review

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Attentional and Memory Bias in Persecutory Delusions and Depression

Background: Previous research has indicated that persecutory delusions and depression may share similar cognitive biases at implicit levels of processing, but differentiate at explicit levels, supporting the theory that paranoia may have a protective function against underlying negative schemata. The study aimed to investigate attentional bias and both implicit and explicit memory biases for personally salient and standardised emotional stimuli in persecutory delusions and depression. Sampling: 36 participants, with 12 in each group, were interviewed in order to generate personally salient stimuli to be employed within the cognitive tests. Standardised emotional stimuli were additionally employed as a control. Participants completed two probe detection tasks, one including personally salient stimuli and one including standard emotional stimuli. Memory for the stimuli presented in this task was assessed by a free recall task (explicit memory) followed by a word completion task (implicit memory). Results: On an implicit memory task, both the deluded and depressed groups displayed comparable retrieval of positive and negative words. However, on the explicit memory task, the depressed group demonstrated a bias for negative stimuli, whereas the deluded group demonstrated a bias for positive stimuli. The groups did not demonstrate an attentional bias for personally salient information. However, an attentional bias for standardised emotional stimuli was found in the depressed group, although this was not specific to either negative or positive stimuli. Conclusion: The results indicate that depression and persecutory delusions may share similar patterns of processing at an implicit level but differentiate at the explicit level, which may be indicative of cognitive avoidance of threatening stimuli in psychosis. However, this does not seem to be a feature of automatic attentional processes in people with persecutory delusions. Implications for further research are discussed.
Trade unionism for doctors. An idea whose time has come.

WE are currently passing through the most drastic socioeconomic transformation in the history of the American medical profession.1 The traditional relationship with the patient that physicians have always guarded so jealously is now under attack by two forces, the success of either of which will change irrevocably most of the premises and attitudes on which we have based our careers as physicians. The first of these forces — and the one on which we have focused the most attention in the past — is socialized medicine, the assertion by government that access to health care is a right conferred by .
The use of serum ferritin estimation in the investigation of anaemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

We report a retrospective study of 101 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anaemia undergoing investigation in a teaching hospital rheumatology unit. Patients with anaemia of chronic disorder had significantly higher serum ferritin (p < 0.0001), mean corpuscular volume (p < 0.05), and acute phase reactants (p < 0.001). The sensitivity, predictive value and validity of measuring serum ferritin to predict the absence of bone marrow iron stores was studied. Maximum validity (89%) was achieved by defining iron deficiency as occurring when serum ferritin was < 75 ng/ml. 93% of patients with ferritin < 50 ng/ml were iron deficient on bone marrow examination. 91% of patients with ferritin > 100 ng/ml were iron replete on bone marrow examination. 86% of patients had ferritin < 50 or > 100 ng/ml. Age was not a significant confounding factor. Serum ferritin concentration is an informative investigation in rheumatoid patients with anaemia. Correct interpretation of the results eliminates the need for bone marrow aspiration in the majority of cases.
Statistics Notes: Quartiles, quintiles, centiles, and other quantiles

When presenting or analysing measurements of a continuous variable it is sometimes helpful to group subjects into several equal groups. For example, to create four equal groups we need the values that split the data such that 25% of the observations are in each group. The cut off points are called quartiles, and there are three of them (the middle one also being called the median). Likewise, we use two tertiles to split data into three groups, four quintiles to split them into five groups, and so on. The general term for such cut off points is quantiles; other values likely to be encountered are deciles, which split data into 10 parts, and centiles, which split the data into 100 parts (also called percentiles). Values such as quartiles can also be …
Making Sports Safer for Kids: Using Biomechanical Devices to Prevent Injuries

Children seem so resilient. They can fall off a moving bike and get right up off the ground, seemingly no worse for the wear. They can leap off the side of a hill and land hard but run off with an ease that makes adults jealous. Nonetheless, kids can and do get hurt, and sometimes those injuries are difficult to spot. A growing number of research groups and companies are now turning their attention from professional and college athletes to schoolchildren aged 6-18 years to learn how to make sports as safe as possible. Researchers have developed a biomechanical surrogate that models a child's response to impact observed in sports.
Ensemble Perception

&NA; To understand visual consciousness, we must understand how the brain represents ensembles of objects at many levels of perceptual analysis. Ensemble perception refers to the visual system's ability to extract summary statistical information from groups of similar objects—often in a brief glance. It defines foundational limits on cognition, memory, and behavior. In this review, we provide an operational definition of ensemble perception and demonstrate that ensemble perception spans across multiple levels of visual analysis, incorporating both low‐level visual features and high‐level social information. Further, we investigate the functional usefulness of ensemble perception and its efficiency, and we consider possible physiological and cognitive mechanisms that underlie an individual's ability to make accurate and rapid assessments of crowds of objects.
Cartographic Approach to Knowledge Representation and Management in KaSeA

Within the PIPS (Personal Information Platform for life and health Services) project a novel knowledge representation method, called Knowledge Cartography has been developed. It allows for inference and for storing inferred results. Knowledge Cartography aims at storing in a knowledge base as many conclusions about concepts and individuals as possible. The conclusions can be quickly retrieved in the process of query answering and remain valid as long as a terminology is not changed. The Knowledge Cartography takes its name after a map of concepts. A map of concepts is basically a description of interrelationships between concepts in a terminology. The map is created during the knowledge base creation. A map of concepts can be graphically represented in a form similar to a Venn diagram. Each atomic region (i.e. a region that does not contain any other region) represents a unique valid intersection of base concepts. By valid we mean an intersection that is satisfiable with respect to a given terminology. Intersections of concepts that are not allowed by terminological axioms are excluded from the map, where two additional axioms eliminated four regions from the map). The Cartographer algorithm calculates a number of valid atomic regions n and assigns each atomic region a subsequent integer from the range [1, n]. Because any region in the map consists of some number of atomic regions, it can be represented as an array of binary digits of length n with “1”s in positions mapped to contained atomic regions and “0”s elsewhere. Using this technique we can assign any concept in the terminology a signature – an array of binary digits representing a region covered by the concept in the map. In this way we can describe any combination of complement, union and intersection of described concepts by simply mapping them to Boolean operations. The map is used in the query answering process. Cartographic Representation was applied and verified in the first version of DL reasoner for the PIPS project, proving its efficiency.
I Have No Words & I Must Design: Toward a Critical Vocabulary for Games

I fi rst heard the term “gameplay” when I interviewed for a job at Atari in 1982. It was used by someone who had just played a new arcade game, Zaxxon, I think. “It has good gameplay. ” Since then, the term has become ubiquitous in the fi eld. People talk about gameplay, as if it’s some magical, mystical thing that games need to possess. Game designers like to paint themselves as “someone who understand gameplay,” unlike all you coders and management types and artists. But actually, few do – because “gameplay” itself is a nebulous, and therefore pretty useless term. Saying “it has good gameplay” is about as useful as saying “that’s a good book. ” Calling something “good” doesn’t help us understand what’s good about it, what pleasures it provides, and how to go about doing something else good.
Semiology: Witness to a Seizure – What to Note and How to Report

ABSTRACT. This article reviews the Cleveland Epilepsy Classification (CEC) of seizure semiology. It defines the concept of semiology, and reviews its importance in epilepsy in defining the Symptomatogenic Zone, one of the five zones that make up the Epileptogenic Zone. It details the four broader spheres that contain all of the possible patient signs and symptoms (cognitive, autonomic, consciousness, and motor spheres), and reviews the specific seizure types that are classified within those spheres. Evidence-based information on usefulness of semiology for localization and lateralization is reviewed. A “user-friendly” reference table is provided.
Quantitative Proteomic Approaches in Mouse: Stable Isotope Incorporation by Metabolic (SILAC) or Chemical Labeling (Reductive Dimethylation) Combined with High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry–based quantitative proteomics is a powerful method for in‐depth exploration of protein expression, allowing researchers to probe its regulation and study signal‐transduction networks, protein turnover, secretion, and spatial distribution, as well as post‐translational modification and protein‐protein interaction, on a large scale. Precise protein quantitation may be achieved by incorporation of stable isotopes, which introduce a mass shift detectable by mass spectrometry, allowing multiplexing of several samples and therefore relative quantification. Stable isotope incorporation into proteins or peptides can be attained either by metabolic labeling (e.g., SILAC) or by chemical labeling (e.g., reductive dimethylation). Both labeling approaches are presented here. They are straightforward and robust and can be applied to murine samples. While both SILAC and reductive dimethylation offer similar multiplexing capabilities and quantitative accuracy, reductive dimethylation is more versatile and can be used with any sample type. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Transgenic Cotton : An Overview

The first transgenic cotton having insect or herbicide resistance was released to the field in 1996 in the United States. Since then the rapid increase in transgenic cotton acreage within 10 years attests to the overall success of agricultural biotechnology. This review article provides an overview of genetically modified cotton and its application in agricultural production. We first critically review cotton tissue culture as the basic work of biotechnology. Then, three main transformation methods, namely, Agrobacterium-meditated, particle bombardment and pollen tube-pathway are described in this paper. The performance of transgenic cotton plants engineered for insect, disease, herbicide resistance and fibre improvement is reviewed from a perspective of the benefits and limitations. Finally, recent progress in plastid engineering research of cotton is briefly mentioned. Cotton genetic engineering shows great potential to enhance breeding programs by introducing novel traits that have eluded more traditional plant improvement methods and therefore will likely play an increasingly important role in the genetic improvement of cotton in the future. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Universal MV-kV imager for radiotherapy[1]

Electronic portal mega-electronvolt (MV) monitoring for radiation therapy is very important for tumor localization. Furthermore, in the latest systems, before the radiation treatment, the patient is also positioned on the treatment bed with a flat-panel detector (FPD) based kilo-electronvolt (kV) CT scan for better soft tissue visibility. In the article we prove by measurement and imaging that a regular Cu-GOS scintillator combination on an a-Si TFT + photodiode FPD can work in reverse direction with the same efficiency as in forward direction at high energy (MV) imaging. More importantly, in reverse mode it can be used also as a kV imager because the Cu plate, which contributes towards improved imaging at MV energy, does not block the kV X-ray beams in this direction. So we can have a universal MV-kV imager integrated into one.
Environmental and Host Factors in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Recent reports on cancer incidence in the United States have been generally favorable, noting declining or plateauing trends for many cancers (1). The incidence of testicular cancer, however, has not been part of the general trend. The rate of testicular cancer has continued to increase during much of the 20th century and is particularly of concern because the disease primarily affects young men. Testicular germ cell cancer is the most common cancer among U.S. males in the age group 25–34
Physiological Responses in Wild Broodstocks of the Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) Subjected to Transportation Stress

Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) broodstocks in the wild were subjected to 2 different densities (100 and 300 kg m−3) for 2 hr of transport, and their physiological responses were examined. Fifteen fish were placed into the plastic container for each replicate and blood was taken at 0, 10, 30, 60, and 120 min after transportation in different densities. Mean levels of cortisol and glucose as primary and secondary responses to the stress were significantly different between densities. Significant differences in both densities were observed in cortisol for all times and glucose levels at 30 and 120 min after transportation, and the highest values were found in both densities at 120 min. Testosterone concentrations declined considerably in the first 10 min, and then they showed a gradual decrease with a significant difference between 2 densities at 10 and 30 min after transportation. Serum estradiol reached the lowest level at 120 min after transportation, and differences were significant between the 2 densities after 30 min. Based on the results, it was concluded that Kutum broodstocks are sensitive to transport, especially at high density. Therefore, welfare during transport should be considered.
Scheduling of multi-phase applications on to mesh multicore architecture

In this paper, we proposed a new approach for off-line scheduling and binding of multi-phase applications onto multicore where cores are connected using mesh topology. Multi-phase application can be easily modeled as chain of multiprocessor task. Our scheduling strategy uses critical tasks first heuristic along with dynamic programming to schedule the chain of multiprocessor task on to multiprocessor system. We modeled binding (phases to processors) problem in information theoretic model, geometric model and sequence alignment model. Finally using chain creation and efficient chain mapping strategy (based on mixed of all three model) to bind scheduled phases on to processor grid to reduce overall data movement overhead. Experiment results shown that our scheduling strategy takes up to 31% less makespan time than the simple critical first strategy to schedule all applications. Binding strategy reduces up to 49% data movement overhead compared to naive and others binding strategies.
Impact of care at a multidisciplinary congestive heart failure clinic: a randomized trial

Background: Although multidisciplinary congestive heart failure clinics in the United States appear to be effective in reducing the number of hospital readmissions, it is unclear whether the same benefit is seen in countries such as Canada, where access to both general and specialized medical care is free and unrestricted. We sought to determine the impact of care at a multidisciplinary specialized outpatient congestive heart failure clinic compared with standard care. Methods: We randomly assigned 230 eligible patients who had experienced an acute episode of congestive heart failure to standard care (n = 115) or follow-up at a multidisciplinary specialized heart failure outpatient clinic (n = 115). The intervention consisted of a structured outpatient clinic environment with complete access to cardiologists and allied health professionals. The primary outcomes were all-cause hospital admission rates and total number of days in hospital at 6 months. The secondary outcomes were total number of emergency department visits, quality of life and total mortality. Results: At 6 months, fewer patients in the intervention group had required readmission to hospital than patients in the control group (45 [39%] v. 66 [57%], crude hazard ratio [HR] 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–0.92. Patients in the intervention group stayed in hospital for 514 days compared with 815 days required by patients in the control group (adjusted HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35–0.89). The number of patients seen in the emergency department and the total number of emergency department visits were similar in the intervention and control groups. At 6 months, quality of life, which was self-assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire, was unchanged in the control group but improved in the intervention group (p < 0.001). No difference in mortality was observed, with 19 deaths in the control group and 12 in the intervention group (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.24–1.54). Interpretation: Compared with usual care, care at a multidisciplinary specialized congestive heart failure outpatient clinic reduced the number of hospital readmissions and hospital days and improved quality of life. When our results are integrated with those from other, similar trials, multidisciplinary disease management strategies for congestive heart failure are associated with clinically worthwhile improvements in survival.
Dietary Behaviors Predict Glycemic Control in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE—To investigate the association between dietary adherence and glycemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 119 youth aged 9–14 years (mean ± SD 12.1 ± 1.6 years) with diabetes duration ≥1 year (5.4 ± 3.1 years). Dietary adherence was assessed using the Diabetes Self-Management Profile diet domain. Higher score defined greater dietary adherence. Glycemic control was determined by A1C. RESULTS—Dietary adherence score was inversely correlated with A1C (r = −0.36, P < 0.0001). In a multivariate model (R2 = 0.34, P < 0.0001), dietary adherence (P = 0.004), pump use (P = 0.03), and caregiver education (P = 0.01) were associated with A1C. A1C of youth in the lowest (9.0%) tertile of diet score was higher than A1C of youth in the middle (8.1%, P = 0.004) and upper (8.4%, P = 0.06) tertiles. Dietary adherence uniquely explained 8% of the variance in A1C in the model. CONCLUSIONS—Greater dietary adherence was associated with lower A1C among youth with type 1 diabetes.