Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Systems-Based Approach to Fostering Robust Science in Industrial-Organizational Psychology

Credibility and trustworthiness are the bedrock upon which any science is built. The strength of these foundations has been increasingly questioned across the sciences as instances of research misconduct and mounting concerns over the prevalence of detrimental research practices have been identified. Consequently, the purpose of this article is to encourage our scientific community to positively and proactively engage in efforts that foster a healthy and robust industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. We begin by advancing six defining principles that we believe reflect the values of robust science and offer criteria for evaluating proposed efforts to change scientific practices. Recognizing that the contemporary scientific enterprise is a complex and diverse network of actors and institutions, we then conclude by identifying 12 stakeholders who play important roles in achieving a culture of robust science in I-O psychology and offer recommendations for actions we can take as members of these groups to strengthen our science.
Defining spatial genetic structure and management units for vulnerable koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in the Sydney region, Australia

Context: Mammal populations around the world are increasingly threatened with population fragmentation because of loss of habitat or barriers to gene flow. The investigation of koala populations in the Sydney region not only provides valuable information about this vulnerable species, but also serves as a model for other species that have suffered major rapid declines in population size, and are now recovering in fragmented habitat. The peri-urban study region allows investigation of the impact of landscape features such as major roads and housing developments on koala gene flow. Aims: Animals originating from four geographic sampling areas around Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, were examined to determine population structure and gene flow and to identify barriers to gene flow and management units. Methods: The present study examined 12 microsatellite loci and used Bayesian assignment methods and genic frequency analysis methods to identify demographically separate populations and barriers to gene flow between those populations. Key results: Three discrete populations were resolved, with all displaying moderate to high levels of genetic differentiation among them (q = 0.141–0.224). The allelic richness and heterozygosity of the Blue Mountains population (A = 6.46, HO = 0.66) is comparable to the highest diversity found in any koala population previously investigated. However, considerably lower genetic diversity was found in the Campbelltown population (A = 3.17, HO = 0.49), which also displayed evidence of a recent population bottleneck (effective population size estimated at 16–21). Conclusions: Animals separated by a military reserve were identified as one population, suggesting that the reserve maintains gene flow within this population. By contrast, strong differentiation of two geographically close populations separated by several potential barriers to gene flow suggested these land-use features pose barriers to gene flow. Implications: Implications of these findings for management of koala populations in the Greater Sydney region are discussed. In particular, the need to carefully consider the future of a military reserve is highlighted, along with possible solutions to allow gene flow across the proposed barrier regions. Because these are demographically separate populations, specific management plans tailored to the needs of each population will need to be formulated.
Peculiar arsenic, copper, nickel, uranium, and yttrium-rich stone coatings in a high mountain stream in the Austrian Alps

Peculiar coatings rich in arsenic, copper, nickel, uranium, and yttrium were found to cover stones in a high mountain stream downstream of the confluence of small acidic tributaries, which emerge at the front of the Krummgampen rock glacier (Ötztal Alps, Tyrol, Austria). The hard mineral coatings are characterized by a white color, a x-ray amorphous structure and showed properties of hydrous aluminium silicates like allophane (Al O (SiO ) x n H O) and/or imogolite (Al SiO (OH) ). Main constituents of 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 the coatings are aluminium, silica, and sulfur. Contrary to high concentrations of arsenic, copper, nickel, uranium, and yttrium in the stream stone coatings, corresponding element values are below the limit of detection both in the Krummgampen stream and except for nickel and traces of copper – also in acidic outflows from the rock glacier. Stone coatings are neither present in rock glacier outflows nor in the Krummgampen stream upstream of the rock glacier, nor in other streams in the catchment. The coatings are interpreted as a precipitate on or an accretion to stone surfaces in the Krummgampen stream, which is characterized by moderate solute concentrations and a neutral pH. In acidic outflows of the rock glacier high concentrations of dissolved sulfate, calcium, magnesium, silica, aluminium, manganese, and nickel prevail. Some constituents of stream stone coatings like arsenic, copper, nickel, uranium, and yttrium have also been measured in paragneiss rocks in the catchment of the rock glacier which are characterized by heavily weathered accessory minerals monazite, xenotime, and pyrite. It is therefore very likely that minerals which occur in the bedrock of the catchment represent a major source for elements accumulated in stream stone coatings even though processes like element release from the ice-rock matrix in the rock glacier, transport to and accumulation on Krummgampen stream stone surfaces are not yet completely understood. ____________________________________________________
First-Principles Investigation of the Effect of M-Doped (M = Zr, Hf) TiCoSb Half-Heusler Thermoelectric Material

The M-doping (M = Zr, Hf) effects on the electronic structures and thermoelectric performance of TiCoSb were studied by first-principles calculations. The band structure analysis shows that substituting Ti with M does not change the band structures of these systems significantly. Most of the M-doped systems have a lower band gap value than that of TiCoSb; especially Ti0.5Zr0. 5CoSb has the lowest energy band gap value of 0.971 eV. Besides, the amplitudes of the density of states in the region of the valence bands for M-doped systems show a similar but slightly higher value than TiCoSb. Those suggest that these compounds could have better thermoelectric performance than TiCoSb. The phonon dispersion relations show that the larger mass of Zr/Hf with respect to Ti lowers the optical modes and induces mixing with the acoustic branches. Our calculations offer a valuable insight on how to characterize complicated crystal structures of thermoelectric materials and optimize the material composition.
B (s)0 -mixing matrix elements from lattice QCD for the Standard Model and beyond

We calculate---for the first time in three-flavor lattice QCD---the hadronic matrix elements of all five local operators that contribute to neutral ${B}^{0}$- and ${B}_{s}$-meson mixing in and beyond the Standard Model. We present a complete error budget for each matrix element and also provide the full set of correlations among the matrix elements. We also present the corresponding bag parameters and their correlations, as well as specific combinations of the mixing matrix elements that enter the expression for the neutral $B$-meson width difference. We obtain the most precise determination to date of the SU(3)-breaking ratio $\ensuremath{\xi}=1.206(18)(6)$, where the second error stems from the omission of charm-sea quarks, while the first encompasses all other uncertainties. The threefold reduction in total uncertainty, relative to the 2013 Flavor Lattice Averaging Group results, tightens the constraint from $B$ mixing on the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) unitarity triangle. Our calculation employs gauge-field ensembles generated by the MILC Collaboration with four lattice spacings and pion masses close to the physical value. We use the asqtad-improved staggered action for the light-valence quarks and the Fermilab method for the bottom quark. We use heavy-light meson chiral perturbation theory modified to include lattice-spacing effects to extrapolate the five matrix elements to the physical point. We combine our results with experimental measurements of the neutral $B$-meson oscillation frequencies to determine the CKM matrix elements $|{V}_{td}|=8.00(34)(8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, $|{V}_{ts}|=39.0(1.2)(0.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, and $|{V}_{td}/{V}_{ts}|=0.2052(31)(10)$, which differ from CKM-unitarity expectations by about $2\ensuremath{\sigma}$. These results and others from flavor-changing-neutral currents point towards an emerging tension between weak processes that are mediated at the loop and tree levels.
Calibration of Robotic Manipulator Systems for Cone-Beam Tomography Imaging

Image reconstruction of tomographic data relies on the precise knowledge of the geometric properties of the scan system. Common tomography systems, such as rotational tomography, C-arm systems, helical scanners, or tomosynthesis scanners, generally use motions described by a few rotational or linear motion axes. We are interested in applications in nondestructive testing, where objects might have large aspect ratios and complex shapes. For these problems, more complex scan trajectories are required, which can be achieved with robotic manipulator systems that have several linear or rotational degrees of freedom. For the geometric calibration of our system, instead of using an approach that scans a calibrated phantom with markers at a known relative position, we propose an approach that uses one (or several) markers with unknown relative positions. The fiducial marker is then moved by a known amount along one degree of freedom, thus tracing out a “virtual” phantom. Using the assumed spacial locations of the markers together with the locations of the markers on the imaging plane, we use a nonlinear optimization method to estimate the orientation of the linear and rotational manipulator axes, the detector and source location, and the detector orientation.
Patients with Lung Recurrence after Curative Resection forPancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Have a Better Prognosis than Those with Recurrence at Other Sites

Purpose To investigate recent recurrence patterns after curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and the association between the recurrence pattern and prognosis. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 129 patients who underwent curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Results Of the 129 patients, 90 developed recurrence. Recurrence occurred in the liver in 45 patients (50%), lung in 11 (12%), peritoneum in 34 (38%), and local tissue in 26 (29%). The number of patients with lung recurrence was significantly higher in the second half of the study period (10/57, 18%) than in the first half (1/33, 3%; P=0.04). Adjuvant chemotherapy was more frequently performed in patients with lung recurrence (9/11, 82%) than in those with recurrence at other sites (40/79, 51%; P=0.04). Patients with lung recurrence only (n=8) had a significantly better prognosis than those with other patterns of recurrence (n=82) in terms of recurrence-free survival (P=0.02), time from recurrence to death (P=0.02), and overall survival (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that lung recurrence was an independent favorable factor for the time from recurrence to death (HR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02–0.35) and overall survival (HR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.03–0.40). Conclusions The incidence of lung recurrence after pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has recently increased, which may be due to the recent establishment of adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with lung recurrence have a better prognosis than those with recurrence at other sites.
Population genetics and the conservation status of the threatened Iberian steppe grass Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero (Poaceae)

Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero is a narrowly endemic grass found in two continental saline lagoons of northeastern Spain. This rare plant has been classified as ‘at risk of extinction’ in several national and European catalogues of endangered species. Recent demographic studies indicate that population sizes greatly exceed several million individuals, challenging that threat category. Our genetic analysis, based on allozymes, has shown that in spite of the large population sizes, very low levels of genetic variation were found in P. pungens . Genetic variation was similar in most populations, but the largest, Gallocanta lagoon as a whole, had less variation (35% polymorphic loci, 1.4 alleles/locus, H T = 0.038) than the more restricted Royuela range (45% polymorphic loci, 1.5 alleles/locus, H T = 0.056), suggesting a recent population expansion of the Gallocanta populations from few founder lines. The low genetic distances among populations also suggest a recent divergence. The low genetic variation observed cannot be explained fully by eventual clonal spread and rare seedling establishment in the hypersaline environment. This low variation seems to result from extreme recent population bottlenecks as a consequence of habitat conversion to agricultural fields. In the light of our data, it seems unlikely that reinforcement of populations could increase the genetic diversity of the populations. Hence, conservation efforts should focus on avoiding further habitat loss of this endangered steppe grass species. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 154 , 269‐281.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MANIPULATION BY THREE SPECIES OF BATS FROM ANDEAN CLOUD FORESTS

Abstract In this paper we test the hypothesis that bats of the Andean highlands show distinctive metabolic responses compared with bats from lowland forests. We compared existing literature with new information on 3 bat species having the following food habits: a nectarivore (Anoura latidens), a frugivore (Sturnira erythromos), and an insectivore (Tadarida brasiliensis). Basal metabolic rate, as determined by oxygen consumption, thermal conductance, and body temperature were measured at ambient temperatures of 10–38°C. Some distinctive metabolic responses of these bat species, although varying with respect to food guild, allow us to separate them from counterpart species that are typically found in lowland forests. A. latidens is characterized by higher basal metabolic rate; however, thermal conductance and lower critical temperature values do not show an adaptation to cool environments, as expected. S. erythromos also increases its basal metabolic rate, but it maintains thermal conductance as expected, which implies a very important displacement of thermoneutral zone to lower temperatures. At temperatures below lower critical temperature, in addition to an endothermic response, S. erythromos sometimes expresses a hypothermic response or facultative torpor, independent of sex and body mass. T. brasiliensis has a lower basal metabolic rate and thermal conductance and also has its thermoneutral zone range displaced toward lower temperatures. Likewise, this species enters obligate torpor when ambient temperatures are below 22°C.
Childbirth and New Omics Sciences: an Ecological Perspective

We recently learned that we are not predetermined, at least not completely. Our destiny depends on our interaction with the environment, on the composition and expression of the DNA of the germ cells of our parents, but also on the epigenetic modifications that the latter undergo [1]. We recently discovered that the environment can change the expression of our DNA. Epigenetics, a word used for the first time by Waddington in 1957, can be defined as the study of the changes in gene expression that do not cause changes in the sequence of heritable DNA. It is simple to understand the meaning of epigenetics, considering that each and every cell in our body have the same nucleotide sequence, and yet each cell becomes something different. We can understand how the phenotypic expression differences depend on the context in which the genes are expressed, and not only on the nucleotide sequence. There are numerous epigenetic mechanisms, the most important being the methylation processes and those that use small molecules of non coding RNA, which are synthesized by DNA that was once known as/called junk DNA, which, until a few years ago, had no known function. The first studies on this topic demonstrated how, if foetuses with low weight, well suited to the resource-poor environment of the uterus, are, after birth, in an environment full of rich in food resources, have a dramatically higher tendency to develop cardiovascular illnesses compared to children born with a normal weight [2].
Pulmonary Vein İsolation with the Cryoballoon : Simpler , Faster ... But Equally Effective ?

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most frequently encountered arrhythmia in clinical practice that represents an enormous burden for our current health care systems. Since the demonstration of pulmonary vein (PV) ectopic activity as the main trigger of paroxysmal AF, radiofrequency ablation (RF) of this arrhythmia has become an increasingly popular procedure in many electrophysiology laboratories. Nowadays creation of circumferential lesions around the PVs is certainly the most widespread technique to achieve PV isolation. Recently, novel balloon shaped ablation catheters have proven very effective in producing PV isolation with the added potential ability of achieving complete circular lesions with a single application. However, the cryoballoons currently available do not always adapt themselves well to the anatomical variants and do not systematically isolate the PVs in one application. Ideally, a more compliant balloon which would fit into most PVs might lead to a more effective procedure. Future technological improvements might lead a larger number of electrophysiologists to adopt such a technique.
Oligonucleotide therapy mitigates disease in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 mice

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado–Joseph disease, is the most common dominantly inherited ataxia. Despite advances in understanding this CAG repeat/polyglutamine expansion disease, there are still no therapies to alter its progressive fatal course. Here, we investigate whether an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the SCA3 disease gene, ATXN3, can prevent molecular, neuropathological, electrophysiological, and behavioral features of the disease in a mouse model of SCA3.
Dermoscopy of non-pigmented skin lesions: a literature review

In this article, we will review benchmark dermoscopic features of non-pigmented skin lesions used in the diagnosis of amelanotic melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and other non-pigmented lesions, described in previous literature. We will also evaluate the six common vascular patterns observed via dermoscopy, while discussing the relevant associations.
Macaque Females Synchronize Sex not Cycles

Extended female sexuality in species living in multimale-multifemale groups appears to enhance benefits from multiple males. Mating with many males, however, requires a low female monopolizability, which is affected by the spatiotemporal distribution of receptive females. Ovarian cycle synchrony potentially promotes overlapping receptivity if fertile and receptive periods are tightly linked. In primates, however, mating is often decoupled from hormonal control, hence reducing the need for synchronizing ovarian events. Here, we test the alternative hypothesis that females behaviorally coordinate their receptivity while simultaneously investigating ovarian cycle synchrony in wild, seasonal Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis), a promiscuous species with extremely extended female sexuality. Using fecal hormone analysis to assess ovarian activity we show that fertile phases are randomly distributed, and that dyadic spatial proximity does not affect their distribution. We present evidence for mating synchrony, i.e., the occurrence of the females’ receptivity was significantly associated with the proportion of other females mating on a given day. Our results suggest social facilitation of mating synchrony, which explains (i) the high number of simultaneously receptive females, and (ii) the low male mating skew in this species. Active mating synchronization may serve to enhance the benefits of extended female sexuality, and may proximately explain its patterning and maintenance. Citation: Fürtbauer I, Mundry R, Heistermann M, Schülke O, Ostner J (2011) You Mate, I Mate: Macaque Females Synchronize Sex not Cycles. PLoS ONE 6(10): e26144. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0026144 Editor: Laurie Santos, Yale University, United States of America Received August 4, 2011; Accepted September 20, 2011; Published October 12, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Fürtbauer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The project was supported with funds from the National Geographic Society, Max-Planck Society and the German Initiative of Excellence to the University of Göttingen. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: ifuertb@uni-goettingen.de
The Clinical Effectiveness of Biofreeze Topical Analgesic on Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review

**Background:** Healthcare providers sometimes recommend topical analgesics instead of oral medication for temporary relief of musculoskeletal pain. Research suggests the mechanism of action of Biofreeze® is based on cryotherapy effect. **Purpose:** The purpose of this systematic review was to describe the mechanism of action and determine the clinical efficacy of Biofreeze topical analgesic on musculoskeletal pain. **Study Design:** This study uses a systematic review study design. **Methods:** Electronic databases were searched for keywords such as “biofreeze” or “topical menthol”. Articles or abstracts on musculoskeletal pain outcomes were included. In total, 279 articles were screened and data were extracted from 9 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. **Results:** Both statistical and clinically significant pain reduction were identified in studies of pain in the neck, back, and hand, whereas results were mixed for muscle soreness. Patients with knee pain had statistically significant reductions in pain that did not meet a clinically significant threshold. This review was limited by a lack of well-controlled clinical trials in large patient populations. **Conclusion:** Biofreeze has been shown to provide clinically significant reductions in pain in several musculoskeletal populations.
Hearing Aid Fittings and the Use of Simulated Sound Environments A review of a new simulated sound environment for testing hearing instruments in various listening

In an ideal world, one would bring the clinic to the wearers’ listening environments for the fitting, evaluation, and fine-tuning of the recommended hearing aids. Obviously this is impractical; thus a more feasible solution is to bring the wearers’ listening environments into the clinic. This can be achieved through the use of simulated sound environments where appropriately recorded sound samples are delivered in a controlled manner in the hearing healthcare professionals’ offices. The proper use of such simulations could enhance the success of hearing aid fittings and increase wearer satisfaction towards hearing aids. Unfortunately, simulated sound environments are still under-used in our current hearing aid practice. In this article, we will explore the challenges in effectively using simulated sound environments and offer a perspective on appropriate solutions to these challenges.