Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trusted Autonomous Vehicle: Measuring Trust using On-Board Unit Data

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) play an essential role in ensuring safe, reliable and faster transportation with the help of an Intelligent Transportation system. The trustworthiness of vehicles in VANETs is extremely important to ensure the authenticity of messages and traffic information transmitted in extremely dynamic topographical conditions where vehicles move at high speed. False or misleading information may cause substantial traffic congestions, road accidents and may even cost lives. Many approaches exist in literature to measure the trustworthiness of GPS data and messages of an Autonomous Vehicle (AV). To the best of our knowledge, they have not considered the trustworthiness of other On-Board Unit (OBU) components of an AV, along with GPS data and transmitted messages, though they have a substantial relevance in overall vehicle trust measurement. In this paper, we introduce a novel model to measure the overall trustworthiness of an AV considering four different OBU components additionally. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated with a traffic simulation model developed by Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) using realistic traffic data and considering different levels of uncertainty.
Decisions on supply and demand of bicycle-sharing service based on cobweb model

Sharing bicycle industry has been booming recently and the bicycles have irresistibly occupied the streets and lanes. At the same time, many operational problems have also been exposed. From the perspective of the macro-control of the number of sharing bicycle, this paper uses the actual operating data of the Divvy Bikes sharing bike companies in the 2013-2017 periods in Chicago to establish a regression model for the supply and demand of sharing bicycles. This paper analyzes the factors affecting supply and demand of sharing bicycle with actual data and linear regression models to derive the regression equations for supply and demand. Then, we use this regression equation in combination with a cobweb model to describe the entire supply and demand system for sharing bicycles of a brand in Chicago. Finally, we discuss the relationship between supply and demand in different population. According to research, we explore the integration applicability of linear regression and cobweb model in sharing bicycle field. Results provide a partial basis and reference method for enterprises to decide the total number of sharing bicycles in operation management. The model is tested and remedied, and then the supply and demand are utilized to establish the cobweb model, which helps dynamically analyze the supply and demand relationship of the company's shared bicycles. Then the cobweb model leads to obtain a steady state of supply and demand, which provides a basis for the company's decision-making process from a macro perspective.
A Review of Power Electronic Parametric Fault Diagnosis Methods

This paper attempts to present a concise review of the research done around parametric fault diagnosis methods for power electronic circuits, including model-based, knowledge-based, signal-based and other emerging fusion methods. Comments on the advantages and constraints of various methods, are also given. Finally, combined with the bottlenecks faced by the current parametric fault diagnosis field of power electronic circuits, the new trends of future research in this field are discussed.
Measuring the Cost of Beach Retreat

Wi! estimate the cost over the lIext 50 years of allolVing Delaware'. 'I ocean beaches to retreat ill land. Since most of the costs are expected to be lalld alld capital loss, especially i1l housing, 1I'e foCtls 0111' allellti01l 011 measuring that l'alue, We use a hedol/ic price regression to estimate the \'lillie of land alld stmelflres ill the regioll using a data set Oil recellt housing sales. 111en, using historical rates of erosion alollg the coast alld all im'eutOl)' of all hOI/sing and commercial stl'llcWres in the threatened coastal area, we predict the mlue of the land alld rapital loss assuming that beaches migrate inlalld at these historic rates. We purge the losses of any amenity mllles due to proximity to the coast, because these are merely transferred to properties further inland. If erosi01l rates rel/w;'l at histork levels, 0111' estimate of the cost of retreat over the lIext 50 years in present l'allle terms is about $29/ millioll (2000$). The IIl1/llber rises if we assume higher rates of erosioll. We com­ pare these estimlltes to the C/lrre1/l costs of 1I0urishillg beaches and condude that Jlollrishment make economic sense, at least Ol'eI" this lillie period.
Design of Large-Band Highly Directive Antenna in the Millimeter Waves Range at 80 GHz

This paper presents the design of a broadband highly directive antenna developed for point-to-point communications systems in the millimeter-wave band around 80 GHz (E-band domain). High directivity (about 38 dBi) and very few degrees opening angle are required for this application from 81 to 86 GHz. A Fabry-Perot cavity excited by primary source array (NxN standard WR12 waveguides) is coupled to a metamaterial dual-layer partially reflective surfaces (PRS). The designed PRS is used as a transmitting window and optimized in order to achieve a positive gradient phase (PGP) of the reflection coefficient over the entire considered bandwidth (≈5GHz). The goal is to compensate, even partially, the delay due to multiple interference paths in order to maintain the cavity resonance condition. The dimensions of the planar antenna are 100x100 mm². The full wave numerical results show a positive linear gradient phase (PGP) of about 13 ° and a quasi-unchanged directivity with a peak value of about 38 dBi. The designed antenna is highly directive, ultra-compact and low profile with good performances over the entire E-band 81-86 GHz.
Automotive RADAR Front-End with Added Target Estimation in Elevation Plane

In this work design of antenna front-end is presented for automotive RADAR applications. The antenna is designed to operate from 76-81 GHz. The unit element consists of two coupled stack patches. Four 8x1 element arrays are designed and fabricated, the measured results are in accordance with the simulated results. A robust technique is also proposed for measuring the target elevation. These type of sensors are useful for high vehicles, which have greater space from ground to floor of the vehicle and are difficult to detect through conventional sensors.
Financial plight in English premiership football : an impact of recent global recession

Este trabajo describe el impacto de la reciente recesion global sobre los clubs de la liga de futbol inglesa. Tambien explica las principales fuentes de ingresos y como esas fuentes se han vistoafectadas por el entorno cambiante. Ademas, el trabajo revisa los principales gastos en los que incurren los clubs y las principales razones que los explican. Finalmente, proporciona indicacionessobre el uso apropiado de los fondos para reducir el impacto de las recesiones globales en el futuro. This paper describes the impact of the recent global recession in English Premiership football clubs. It also explains the main sources of revenues and how these sources were affected by thechanging environment. In addition, the paper reviews the major expenditures incurred by clubs and the main reasons for incurring the expenditure. Finally, the paper provides direction on theappropriate use of funds to reduce the impact of a global recession in future.
Fault and Noise Tolerance in the Incremental Extreme Learning Machine

The extreme learning machine (ELM) is an efficient way to build single-hidden-layer feedforward networks (SLFNs). However, its fault tolerant ability is very weak. When node noise or node failure exist in a network trained by the ELM concept, the performance of the network is greatly degraded if a countermeasure is not taken. However, this kind of countermeasure for the ELM or incremental learning is seldom reported. This paper considers the situation that a trained SLFN suffers from the coexistence of node fault and node noise. We develop two fault tolerant incremental ELM algorithms for the regression problem, namely node fault tolerant incremental ELM (NFTI-ELM) and node fault tolerant convex incremental ELM (NFTCI-ELM). The NFTI-ELM determines the output weight of the newly inserted node only. We prove that in terms of the training set mean squared error (MSE) of faulty SLFNs, the NFTI-ELM converges. Our numerical results show that the NFTI-ELM is superior to the conventional ELM and incremental ELM algorithms under faulty situations. To further improve the performance, we propose the NFTCI-ELM algorithm. It not only determines the output weight of the newly inserted node, but also updates all previously trained output weights. In terms of training set MSE of faulty SLFNs, the NFTCI-ELM converges, and it is superior to the NFTI-ELM.
Accuracy Investigation of Single-Cut Near-Field Far-Field Transformation Technique Based on 2D Plane-Wave Expansion

The accuracy of a single-cut near-field far-field transformation technique is studied. The technique is based on the two-dimensional (2D) plane-wave expansion and the approximation that the antenna under test (AUT) is low enough along the direction vertical to the cut-plane under observation. We employ an AUT high enough to break condition for the approximation and observe accuracy of the transformation technique.
Evidence for paternal imprinting of the Beta-3 adrenergic receptor gene and a variant association with reduced twinning rate in New Zealand merino sheep (Ovis aries L.)

Reproduction efficiency is key for the productivity and performance of New Zealand sheep farms. Thus improving reproduction efficiency and lamb survival is crucial for improving farm efficiency and profitability. Merino sheep are known to have lower scanning-rates than other sheep breeds within New Zealand. The development of the Lincoln University Cold Tolerance Gene Marker (LUGMCTT) based on variants of the ovine beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) gene has allowed sheep farmers to select for better cold tolerance and therefore improving lamb survival. Of the variants tested by the LUGMCTT, the D allele is only found in Merino sheep and is thought to have altered ligand binding. This is thought to impair receptor function due to amino acid changes in a highly conserved region of the gene. Recent research indicates the receptor may have a role in physiological functions during pregnancy in other tissues which indicates that the D allele may have adverse effects on scanningrate. Thus the aim of this study is to identify whether the D allele of the ovine β3AR gene is being selected against in New Zealand Merino populations and to identify whether the allele’s presence has any effect on Merino scanning-rate.
Ka-band Six-Port Network Using Double Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology

For microwave and millimeter-wave measurement, a six-port network based on double ridge gap waveguide (DRGW) is proposed, and it is the first attempt to design the six-port network by using gap waveguide technology. In this work, DRGW power divider and DRGW 90 degrees − 3dB coupler are regarded as the basic elements, and they are designed by DRGW according to the schematic diagram. By simulation, the six-port network is designed to operate at 40 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 8.5%, and performance indicators of phase and amplitude between different ports are satisfied with design requirements.
A Dual-Polarized Antenna Using an Origami Structure for 5G Emergency Communications

A broadband dual-polarized antenna using a low-cost origami structure is presented in this paper. The proposed collapsible magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna co-operates with defected ground reflector to provide a frequency bandwidth of 65% with high isolation better than 26 dB. Besides, a high gain of $\mathbf{9.2\pm 1\ \mathbf{dBi}}$ can also be achieved due to the complementary structure.
Estimating aboveground biomass in native forest using remote sensing data combined with spectral radiometry

The management of forests as carbon (C) reservoirs could be a valid strategy for mitigating global climate change. In Salta, Argentina, there is an urgent need for updated information on biomass stocks in order to assess the C sequestering and release made by native forests. We studied three ecosystems (Chaco, Yungas and shrubland) by combining different data: a) field-estimated above-ground biomass (AGB); b) field-spectral data, and c) spectral data from remote sensing. AGB was estimated through allometric equations. Radiometric measurements were synthesized into a set of spectral vegetation indices (VI). The satellite data was calibrated with those obtained through field radiometry, allowing us to find a predictive AGB model which indicates an AGB average of 85 ± 250 t.ha-1 for the center of the province of Salta. The model which was finally selected increases the level of estimate detail made at the national level and will allow the monitoring of such data
Analysis of ordering and pricing strategy for supply chain with consumer deliberation under supply uncertainty

When new products appear on the market, consumer tends to have uncertainty about the usefulness of the product and the perceived value of the self. An effective way to eliminate the uncertainty is to deliberate carefully. In the market, retailer's promotions, price cuts, and advertisements all consider the deliberation of consumer. Conversely, consumer's deliberation behavior also has an impact on the decisions of manufacturer and retailer. In addition, there are various uncertainties in the real business environment. Based on the consumer's deliberation decision and considering the supply uncertainty, this paper establishes the basic model to study the ordering and pricing strategy of retailer and manufacturer and then obtains the optimal solution of this problem. Finally, this paper discusses the changes in manufacturer's revenue, retailer's revenue and consumer surplus under different deliberation costs and the optimal solution of the three. The results indicate that When the unit manufacturing cost is low, the manufacturer's optimal pricing strategy is a moderate pricing strategy. When the unit manufacturing cost is high, the manufacturer's optimal pricing strategy is a high-price strategy, and the purchase behavior comes from high-value customers. Furthermore, consumer deliberation is beneficial for retailer. If consumer chooses not to deliberate, the retailer bears the risk of channel supply uncertainty and obtains zero profit. On the other hand, if consumer deliberates, retailer can lock in high-value customers to make profits. Finally, consumer's deliberation decision depends on both retail price and deliberation cost. When retailer sets low retail price, consumer will purchase without deliberation. But, if the deliberation cost is too high, retailer and manufacturer have to bear some of the deliberation cost to motivate consumer to deliberate.
Integrated Multilayer Yagi Antenna for 5G

5G is announced for 2020 and to fulfil its expectations there will be a great demand for lower latency, higher data rates and better energy efficiency. Taking advantage of the larger bandwidth available, the migration to higher frequencies has been extensively studied in recent years. Thus, the work made to obtain a multilayer Yagi-Uda antenna, operating at 24 GHz, is presented. It has more than 25% bandwidth and almost 11 dBi of gain. This antenna can integrate simple sensors or larger antenna arrays.
Gas Spring Losses in Linear Clearance Seal Compressors

A fundamental loss mechanism in cryocoolers is associated with compression and expansion processes, and the simplest demonstration of this can be observed in a gas spring. Our understanding of these gas spring losses is largely based on work by Kornhauser, Smith and others who carried out a series of thorough investigations on conventional crank driven reciprocating compressors, where the use of normal sliding seals would minimize seal losses. The widespread use of linear clearance seals in linear compressor has raised the question of how applicable the Kornhauser correlations are to compressors with clearance seals, which have significant flow through the seals and consequent seal losses. This paper describes experiments carried out with a clearance seal linear compressor attached to a plain gas spring volume. The static flow through the clearance seal in the compressor was measured over a range of piston positions, and this information was used to estimate the seal loss for specific strokes. Calculation of the losses from electrical power measurements was found to be unreliable due to uncertainties in the electromagnetic and other losses within the compressor. The P-V work done by the piston on the gas was measured, taking into account the small phase shifts in the instrumentation. By subtracting out the estimated seal loss, the gas spring loss was derived. Results are presented for a number of gases over a range of frequencies and strokes.
TEXTURE SYNTHESIS BY GENETIC ALGORITHM

One way to synthesis texture in a fast and easy way is image quilting proposed by Efros and Freeman in 2001. This research brings the adaptive search power of genetic algorithm and combines it with the concept of image quilting to propose new texture synthesis algorithm. The proposed GA is ran on many different images from standard texture sets. Visual comparison of our proposed GA with image quilting algorithm is considered. The texture results generated by the proposed GA are roughly comparable in quality to those generated from Efros and Freeman algorithm. " # $ % $ ! &' ( )* + , . / 0 -( 2001 . 2" )* + , . 3 ! 4 5 ! 6 ( 7( 8 9 (: " / ;<= 7>? 6 ! ;<= ( . 8 9 (: # $ ! 7 ( @ A B 3 C -( D# E B F G#F H2 , ! C . 7( ! C (: I# J C , ! C ' ! ( +J 8 B 3 H K (: .
An empirical study of corporate environmental liability performance, industry characteristics and financial performance

Previous studies have shown that the better the performance of an enterprise's environmental responsibility can be the better its financial performance will be. However, China's environmental information disclosure system is not sound enough at present, and the public pay different attention to the corporate environmental responsibility fulfilment level (CER) of enterprises in different industries. So how will the industry characteristics affect the relationship between environmental responsibility fulfillment level and financial performance? This paper analyzes the relationship between environmental responsibility fulfillment level and financial performance of heavy pollution and non-heavy pollution, consumer and non-consumer industries, and studies the impact of environmental system and public attention on corporate environmental responsibility fulfillment, promoting the improvement of corporate environmental responsibility fulfillment level.
Frequency and Polarization Agile RFID Patch Antenna with Reduced Dimensions

This paper presents a frequency and polarization reconfigurable UHF RFID patch antenna based on a switchable feeding network. For best integration of the antenna, its size and ground plane are much smaller with respect to the canonical patch antenna design, however the proposed design is able to cover the EU and US frequency bands of the RFID standard. State-of-the-art CMOS switches are employed as key element for selecting the desired polarization and proper matching network. The switches provide also a simple solution for high power applications in contrast to concepts based on PIN diodes or varactors. Simulated results have shown good performance. Considering its flexible and inexpensive structure, the proposed system is a promising alternative to aperture tuning and circular polarized antenna approaches.
Pricing Game: The Interactions between Incumbents and Sharing Platforms

This paper considers a peer-to-peer sharing platform competes with an incumbent firm, focusing on how different pricing to affect market structure. We develop a model of an incumbent firm and a sharing platform in a pricing game. Our analysis illustrates that the sharing platform is endowed with the ability to crowd out the incumbent when both the number of idle goods and the firm's marginal cost are large, whereas the incumbent firm is lacking the power to squeeze the sharing platform out of the market. When the number of idle goods is small, the market equilibrium is more likely to be a duopoly. We also show that the profit of sharing platform increases in the firm's marginal cost but is non-monotonic in the number of idle goods.
A Control Lyapunov Function Approach Using Quantifier Elimination

This paper deals with the determination of feedback laws, which stabilize the investigated system or create an input- to-stable (ISS) closed-loop system, respectively. For that purposes control Lyapunov functions (CLF) and an extension for ISS are considered. Those are generally not constructive in that way, that there exist criteria to test a given function for being a CLF, but the concrete computation of a proper CLF is a non-trivial task. Thus, quantifier elimination techniques are used. This enables the consideration of a whole family of functions instead of a single function.
An Efficient Design Approach for Wideband Tightly Coupled Antenna Arrays

This paper presents a design method based on equivalent circuit model (ECM) to efficiently construct the antenna structure for the tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) with assigned impedance matching performance. It is noted that this method can be even applied to the TCDA with the dipoles using non-standard shape. To discuss the scalability of this method, two antenna structures using difform dipoles are respectively optimized by the ECM setting different goals. The HFSS simulation results of the two optimized antenna structures are respectively in accordance with their ECM results, while this phenomenon indicates that the proposed method has good scalability and accuracy. In addition, the parametric analysis of the two antenna structure is proceeded to show that the ECM can basically maintain the accuracy when the variables are changed.
Action in cognition: The case of language

Abstract Empirical research has shown that the processing of words and sentences is accompanied by activation of the brain's motor system in language users. The degree of precision observed in this activation seems to be contingent upon (1) the meaning of a linguistic construction and (2) the depth with which readers process that construction. In addition, neurological evidence shows a correspondence between a disruption in the neural correlates of overt action and the disruption of semantic processing of language about action. These converging lines of evidence can be taken to support the hypotheses that motor processes (1) are recruited to understand language that focuses on actions and (2) contribute a unique element to conceptual representation. This article explores the role of this motor recruitment in language comprehension. It concludes that extant findings are consistent with the theorized existence of multimodal, embodied representations of the referents of words and the meaning carried by language. Further, an integrative conceptualization of “fault tolerant comprehension” is proposed.