Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Implementation of Task-based Approach in ESP Instruction: Teachers and Students’ Perceptions

Task based approach is increasingly gaining ground in the field of language teaching and learning, ESP in particular. This study investigates teaching English for Specific Purposes within the paradigm of task-based approach. To that end, data were collected using a mixed method design. First, questionnaires were designed to capture learners’ viewpoints of the assigned tasks on their learning processes, language development and skills’ acquisition. Additionally, this study attempted to examine teachers’ attitudes towards the implementation of task-based approach in ESP classroom; for this reason, semi-structured interviews were conducted. The findings revealed that teachers and learners alike positively perceived task-based teaching and learning (TBTL). They believed that the incorporation of this approach in language instruction, ESP in particular, creates a favorable teaching and learning conditions as it involves learners in tasks relevant to their academic and professional needs, fosters their learning autonomy and motivation in various ways, allows them to explore their understanding of the issue in question, develop their interpersonal abilities and communication skills, and develop their creative and critical thinking deemed necessary for their future careers.
Křivská Analysis of twin-roll cast aluminum-steel clad strips

The microstructure, diffusion and phase transformations in aluminumsteel clad sheet were studied within the thesis by means of light optical microscopy, electron microscopy, resistometry and positron annihilation spectroscopy. Results of experimental methods were supplemented by finite element method employed for evaluation of electrical resistivity and simulation of diffusion between steel and aluminum. Several annealing experiments were carried out. The effective interdiffusion coefficient was evaluated by Boltzmann-Matano method from measured concentration profiles through the interface. Formation of an interfacial intermetallic phase was studied and orthorhombic phases Al13Fe4 and Al5Fe2 were identified present in the layer. Surprising results were obtained from the in-situ annealing in TEM (SEM) which go against the results found in a recent literature – the interfacial layer grows towards steel layer.
Sphaeropsis sapinea found as symptomless endophyte in Finland

The aim of this study was to determine if the ascomycete fungus Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton (syn. Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel) could be cultured from surface sterilized Scots pine twigs presenting the endophytic stage of this fungus. This fungus causes the disease called Diplodia tip blight in conifers. Symptoms become visible when trees have been weakened by abiotic stressors related to temperature, drought and hailstorms. The disease is rapidly increasing and is observed regularly in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests in Europe. Changes in climatic conditions will gradually increase the damage of this pathogen, because it is favored by elevated temperatures and additionally the host trees will be more susceptible due to related environmental stress. Diplodia tip blight is emerging towards Northern latitudes, thus, actions to monitor the spread of S. sapinea in pine-dominated forests should be undertaken in Finland. Our aim was to search for S. sapinea in Scots pine along a transect in Finland. Branch samples were collected from healthy Scots pine, fungal endophytes were isolated and morphologically identified. Sixteen S. sapinea strains were found from four Scots pine trees from two locations. This finding confirms that S. sapinea is found as an endophyte in healthy Scots pine in Finland.
IoT BASED MILITARY ROBOT USING RASPBERRY Pi3

:The system proposed in this project consists of a single unit, which will monitor the environment in various hazardous conditions and provide live video feedback. Basics of robotics like sensors and actuators, gives an overview on robotic construction. The proposed system is also able to capture real-time videos which are useful for surveillance for a specific person or area. Controlling of Robot is done using a Raspberry Pi3 processor. This robot is more comfortable for military applications such as surveillance of interested area. It will provide tactical advantage during hostage situations or in hostile grounds. It is capable of walking on any surface and providing monitoring over an area. With the help of high-quality video transmission, the surveillance become more effective and it detect the high temperature and also used to reduce the fire by using water sprinkler. Video quality is improvised in the proposed system. These will prove important in applications like robots for civil use and military robots.
THE DECOMPOSITION OF SOLID POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE BY 50 KILOVOLT X RAYS

Potassium perchlorate crystals are decomposed by 50 kv. X rays. The main products of the primary decomposition are chlorate and chloride, but small amounts of unidentified oxidizing substances are also formed. The chlorate decomposes by a secondary reaction to chloride. These reactions are approximately of the first order. The average amount of X-ray energy absorbed by the salt per ClO4− ion decomposed is 19 ± 2 ev.
Determination of vulnerability areas from the simulated deposition of atmospheric pollutants using LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model in North-West South-America

This work presents the implementation of the LOTOS-EUROS regional atmospheric Chemical Transport Model (CTM) on Northwestern South America. The impact of land use and orography update in the model was analyzed to identify potential vulnerable natural areas by quantifying atmospheric deposition pollutants. CTMs allow simulating the physical dynamics of trace gasses and aerosols, including processes such as emission, chemical reactions, transport, and deposition. The deposition 5 of atmospheric contaminants like nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3) induces chemical fluxes in natural ecosystems, with potential subsequent severe impacts like biodiversity loss. Due to the vast geographical diversity present in the study area, the LOTOS-EUROS model was updated for the land and topography inputs to simulate more representative conditions for the study region. Depositions were very sensitive for the change of land cover maps used in the model, and on the other side, topography update impacts more in the high layer of the model above harsh terrain. Additional simulations for the updated 10 scenario using point sources were performed to identify the deposition area’s spatial extent for the principal Colombian cities.
Zhang, Yun and Liu, Qiangqiang and Li, Jing and Sumner, Mark (2017) A common ground switched-quasi- Z-source bidirectional DC-DC converter with wide- voltage-gain range for EVs with hybrid energy sources. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics . ISSN 1557-9948

A common ground switched-quasi-Z-source bidirectional DC-DC converter is proposed for electric vehicles (EVs) with hybrid energy sources. The proposed converter is based on the traditional two-level quasi-Z-source bidirectional DC-DC converter, changing the position of the main power switch. It has the advantages of a wide voltage gain range, a lower voltage stress across the power switches, and an absolute common ground. The operating principle, the voltage and current stresses on the power switches, the comparisons with the other converters, the small signal analysis and the controller design are presented in this paper. Finally, a 300W prototype with Uhigh=240V and Ulow=40~120V is developed, and the experimental results validate the performance and the feasibility of the proposed converter.
Screening and Evaluation of Bioactive Components of Methanol Root Extract of Anthocleista nobilis G. Don. by GCMS Analysis

Background: Medicinal plants have great importance in African medicine and are also used as precursors in drug discovery. The medicinal value of plants lies in their bioactive constituents which usually allow them to fight against several diseases. Plant-based natural constituents can be derived from any part of the plant like roots, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds. The present study was designed to determine the bioactive/biochemical compounds present in the methanol extract of Anthocleista nobilis root.Materials and Methods: GC -MS analysis of the methanol extract of A. nobilis root was performed using a Perkin Elmer GC Clarus 500 system comprising an Agilent technologies 5975 MSD model detector and a gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass spectrometer with the aid of the Turbo mass 5.0 software.Results: The study results of the GC-MS analysis provided different phytochemical compounds possessing several biological activities such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study therefore, showed that root of Anthocleista nobilis is a source of biologically active metabolites. Furthermore, root extract revealed the presence of diverse chemical constituents.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest a recommendation of A. nobilis root as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.
Research Paper: Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System

1. Department of Pathology, Hematology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran. 2. Department of Pathology, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran. 3. Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran. 4. Department of Pathology, Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran. 6. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Simulating family life courses: An application for Italy, Great Britain, Norway, and Sweden

BACKGROUND Family patterns in Western countries have changed substantially across birth cohorts. The spread of unmarried cohabitation, the decline and postponement of marriage and fertility, and the rise in nonmarital births, partnership instability, and repartnering lead to an increasing diversity in family life courses. OBJECTIVE In this paper we demonstrate how to set up a tool to explore family life trajectories. This tool models the changing family patterns, taking into account the complex interrelationships between childbearing and partnership processes. METHODS We build a microsimulation model parameterised using retrospective partnership and childbearing data. The data cover women born since 1940 in Italy, Great Britain, and two Scandinavian countries (Norway and Sweden), three significantly different cultural and institutional contexts of partnering and childbearing in Europe. RESULTS We guide readers through the modelling of individual life events to obtain a set of aggregate estimates, providing information on the power, technical structure, and underlying assumptions of microsimulations. Validation of the simulated family life 1 Vienna Institute of Demography/Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Austria. Email: maria.winklerdworak@oeaw.ac. at. 2 University of Vienna, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Austria. Email: eva.beaujouan@univie.ac. at. 3 Vienna Institute of Demography/Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Austria. Email: paola.digiulio@oeaw.ac. at. 4 Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Austria. Email: martin.spielaeuer@wifo.ac. at. Winkler-Dworak et al.: Simulating family life courses for Italy, Great Britain, Norway, and Sweden 2 https://www.demographic-research.org courses against their real-world equivalents shows that the simulations not only closely replicate observed childbearing and partnership processes, but also provide high quality predictions when compared to more recent fertility indicators. CONCLUSIONS Using observed population estimates to systematically validate the results both validates our model and increases confidence that microsimulations satisfactorily replicate the behaviour of the original population. CONTRIBUTION We create and validate a microsimulation model that can be used not only to explore mechanisms throughout the family life course but also to set up scenarios and predict future family patterns.
Analyzing the generalizability of the network-based topic emergence identification method

Topic evolution helps the understanding of current research topics and their histories by automatically modeling and detecting the set of shared research fields in academic publications as topics. This paper provides a generalized analysis of the topic evolution method for predicting the emergence of new topics, which can operate on any dataset where the topics are defined as the relationships of their neighborhoods in the past by extrapolating to the future topics. Twenty sample topic networks were built with various fields-of-study keywords as seeds, covering domains such as business, materials, diseases, and computer science from the Microsoft Academic Graph dataset. The binary classifier was trained for each topic network using 15 structural features of emerging and existing topics and consistently resulted in accuracy and F1 over 0.91 for all twenty datasets over the periods of 2000 to 2019. Feature selection showed that the models retained most of the performance with only one-third of the tested features. Incremental learning was tested within the same topic over time and between different topics, which resulted in slight performance improvements in both cases. This indicates there is an underlying pattern to the neighbors of new topics common to research domains, likely beyond the sample topics used in the experiment. The result showed that network-based new topic prediction can be applied to various research domains with different research patterns.
Fluorescence spectra and lifetime measurements of aqueous solutions of europium nitrate and perchlorate

unambiguously dem~nstrated,~~~,~~''~~~ the overall Ln(III)/N03interaction probably results in the formation of both innerand outer-sphere c~mplexes. ~~~~~ Attempts have been made to calculate the corresponding association constant^. '^^^^-^ Outer-sphere complexation or ion-pair formation between C104- and Ln(II1) is kn~wn,','~,'~ but the existence of inner-sphere complexes is doubtful and' remains controver
Algunos errores en el uso de funciones de Lyapunov para control de estructura variable

Este trabajo discute errores encontrados en el uso de funciones de Lyapunov propuestas en resultados recientes de control de estructura variable, tales como: parámetros inválidos en diseños continuos con convergencia en tiempo finito; funciones implı́citas de Lyapunov para sistemas con perturbaciones donde las condiciones de diseño para la ley de control no pueden satisfacerse para la clase de perturbaciones válidas según los autores; y funciones de Lyapunov discontinuas donde dan condiciones LMI que no pueden ser signadas.
The Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generators Considering Fault Current and Levelized Cost of Energy Using the Particle Swarm Optimization Method

The power requirements of grids have risen as artificial intelligence and electric vehicle technologies have been used. Thus, the installation of distributed generators (DGs) has become an essential factor to streamline power grids. The objective of this study is to optimize the capacity and location of DGs. For this purpose, an objective function was defined, which takes into account the fault current and the levelized cost of energy, and a modified particle swarm optimization method was applied. Then, we analyzed a case of a single line-to-ground fault with a test feeder (i.e., the IEEE 30 bus system) with no DGs connected, as well as a case where the DGs are optimally connected. The effect of the optimally allocated DGs on the system was analyzed. We discuss an optimal layout method that takes the economic efficiency of the DG installation into account.
The beneficial effect of combination therapy with sulfasalazine and valsartan in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined by the chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. Ulcerative colitis is one of the most prevalent chronic IBDs. The increase in the mucosal expression of angiotensin II (AT-II) in colitis suggests a possible role of AT-II in colitis-associated inflammation. Here, we examined the potential therapeutic effects of combination therapy regarding valsartan (Val), as an AT-II receptor blocker, with sulfasalazine (SSZ) in a murine colitis model. DSS induced colitis was initiated by the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in male C57BL/6 mice for 1 week. Val (160 mg/kg/day, gavage) was given on the third day and continued for seven days. SSZ (100 mg/kg/day) was used as reference drug and also used in combination in one group (Val; 160 mg/kg/day and/or SSZ; 100 mg/kg/day). Colonic mucosal inflammation was evaluated clinically, biochemically, and histologically. The disease activity index in DSS-treated mice, including weight loss, stool consistency, and rectal bleeding, were significantly lower in the group of mice receiving the combination of valsartan and sulfasalazine compared to the DSS-treated group. Valsartan and sulfasalazine treatment was associated with a lower reduction in colon length, diminished colon weight, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein level in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Valsartan and sulfasalazine also reduced markers of oxidative stress after DSS administration. Our findings demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities of a combination therapy with sulfasalazine and valsartan in experimentally induced colitis, indicating its value as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of colitis.
Individual Treatment Effects of Budget Balance Rules, WP/20/274, December 2020

This paper investigates the heterogenous effects of budget balance rules on fiscal policy in a large sample of countries. To derive country-specific treatment effects of fiscal rules and conduct inference, we use a Synthetic Difference-in-Differences Method. Our results indicate that countries with a budget balance rule improve their fiscal balance on average by around 3 percent after its introduction. However, our results also illustrate the importance of going beyond the average treatment effect, as it masks significant heterogeneity in the country-specific impact of the rule. We find that countries that would have had large deficits in the absence of the fiscal rule exhibit positive treatment effects, thus reducing their budget deficits. On the other hand, countries with budget surpluses respond to fiscal rules by reducing their budget surplus and moving closer to the numerical target of the rule. Our results also suggest that rules’ design matters: a small overall number of fiscal rules, and the presence of a monitoring process outside the government, especially at the supra-national level, improve significantly the effectiveness of the rules. JEL Classification Numbers: E61, E62, H62, C33
Raman and infrared spectroscopic mapping of human primary intracranial tumors: a comparative study†

Intracranial tumors are neoplasias of brain tissue or other tissue inside the skull. Cryosections of the three most frequent primary intracranial tumors—gliomas, meningeomas and schwannomas—were prepared on calcium fluoride windows and studied by both Raman spectroscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Spectroscopic maps were recorded by sequential acquisition of spectra in a raster pattern. Cluster analyses on selected wavenumber regions were applied for evaluation of these data sets. Raman spectroscopic contributions of proteins including collagen and hemoglobin were identified in cluster centroids, as were nucleic acids and lipids including cholesterol, cholesterol ester (CE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Moreover, hydroxyapatite and tricalciumphosphate could be identified as markers for calcification. The spatial distributions of these spectral properties were visualized in pseudocolor Raman and IR maps representing the cluster memberships. The prospects of both methods are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ALTEREDMERISTEMPROGRAM1 Suppresses Ectopic Stem Cell Niche Formation in the Shoot Apical Meristem in a Largely Cytokinin-Independent Manner

Plants are able to reiteratively form new organs in an environmentally adaptive manner during postembryonic development. Organ formation in plants is dependent on stem cell niches (SCNs), which are located in the so-called meristems. Meristems show a functional zonation along the apical-basal axis and the radial axis. Shoot apical meristems of higher plants are dome-like structures, which contain a central SCN that consists of an apical stem cell pool and an underlying organizing center. Organ primordia are formed in the circular peripheral zone (PZ) from stem cell descendants in which differentiation programs are activated. One mechanism to keep this radial symmetry integrated is that the existing SCN actively suppresses stem cell identity in the PZ. However, how this lateral inhibition system works at the molecular level is far from understood. Here, we show that a defect in the putative carboxypeptidase ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM1 (AMP1) causes the formation of extra SCNs in the presence of an intact primary shoot apical meristem, which at least partially contributes to the enhanced shoot meristem size and leaf initiation rate found in the mutant. This defect appears to be neither a specific consequence of the altered cytokinin levels in amp1 nor directly mediated by the WUSCHEL/CLAVATA feedback loop. De novo formation of supernumerary stem cell pools was further enhanced in plants mutated in both AMP1 and its paralog LIKE AMP1, indicating that they exhibit partially overlapping roles to suppress SCN respecification in the PZ.