Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expiratory Flow Limitation in Intra and Extrathoracic Respiratory Disorders: Use of the Negative Expiratory Pressure Technique – Review and Recent Developments

Application of the NEP technique provides a simple, rapid, non-invasive, and reliable test to detect tidal expiratory flow limitation; b) it does not require a body-box or cooperation on the patient’s part; c) it can be applied in any posture, during mechanical ventilation, and during exercise; d) it provides new insights into the physiology and pathophysiology of sev‐ eral diseases and the symptom of dyspnea.
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Transcript Induced by Water Deficit and Ripening

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit ripening is a developmental process that involves changes in color, texture, and flavor (Maunders et al., 1987). Both ethylene and ABA play a role in this process. On the other hand, ABA is known to repress expression of certain photosynthesis-related gene families during the leaf water deficit response (Bartholomew et al., 1991). We explored whether this repression was accompanied by common activation of gene expression. We report here the characterization of a cDNA (Table I) for a gene that encodes a nove1 chromosomal protein whose expression is activated by leaf water deficit and fruit ripening. The reported cDNA encodes a 13-kD basic protein rich in Ala, Glu, His, and Lys (Table I). This protein was overproduced in Escherichia coli and was used to raise antibodies, which recognized a protein of the same size in water-stressed leaves and fruit pericarp. Except for the N-terminal region, which is similar to short His-rich stretches of other eukaryotic proteins (Celenza and Carlson, 1986; Nagafuchi et al., 1987; Wolin et al., 1987), the protein sequence reported here exhibits no overall similarity with those of other proteins. However, this protein resembles eukaryotic nonhistone chromosomal proteins, which are abundant and basic and bind DNA (Goodbourn, 1990). The results of subcellular fractionation experiments indicate that the protein is located primarily in the nucleus. No information concerning the function of the protein is yet available. However, biological roles for this protein are suggested based on the function of similar proteins in eukaryotes, which are involved in changes in DNA topology and in establishing or maintaining a high-order chromatin structure (Zlatanova, 1990). Together with previous information, the results reveal similarities in both activation and repression of nuclear gene expression by water deficit and by fruit ripening, a developmental process. Overlapping in gene expression during stress and development has previously been observed for other plant genes. For instance, genes involved in pathogenesis and wounding responses are also expresaed during flowering in undamaged plants (Gasser, 1991).
PREDICTING SEQUENTIAL PATTERN CHANGES IN DATA STREAMS

Data streams are utilized in an increasing number of real-time information technology applications. Unlike traditional datasets, data streams are temporally ordered, fast changing and massive. Due to their tremendous volume, performing multiple scans of the entire data stream is impractical. Thus, traditional sequential pattern mining algorithms cannot be applied. Accordingly, the present study proposes a new sequential pattern mining model for predicting sequential pattern changes in data streams. The experimental results show that the prediction performance of the proposed model is better than that of two linear regression-based models.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Strains of “Candidatus Filomicrobium marinum,” a Methanesulfonate-Degrading Species

ABSTRACT Two novel methanesulfonate-degrading bacterial strains of “Candidatus Filomicrobium marinum” (strains Y and W) were isolated from a marine water enrichment, and their complete genome sequences are presented here. These are the first full genomes reported for the genus Filomicrobium and for methanesulfonate (MSA)-degrading bacteria.
[Influence of electroporation on the biological activities of primary rat hepatocytes].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of electroporation on the biological activities of primary rat hepatocyte and to optimize the electroporation conditions introducing foreign genes into hepatocytes. METHODS A single-pulse procedure was performed at low voltage (220-400 V) but high capacitance (500-950 microF). Its influence on hepatocyte activities was detected by Trypan blue exclusion (TBE) and MTT analysis. Besides, ALB, ALT and LDH in the supernatants of hepatocytes were tested by biochemical assay. RESULTS Little hepatocyte damage and high survival rate (>90%) was found from 36 hours till 9th day of culture. At 36th hour after electroporation, ALB, ALT and LDH in the supernatants of Group B (220V, 950 microF) and C (400 V, 950 microF) were higher than those of control group. Whereas TBE and MTT analysis failed to indicate the significant difference of cell viability between electroporation groups and control group. CONCLUSIONS This electroporation procedure is one of the optimal choices to introduce foreign genes into primary rat hepatocytes.
Interregional Disparity and Convergence Tendency: An Empirical Study of TFP Growth in China

This paper presents an empirical analysis to improve our understanding of the catch-up and convergence tendencies of total factor productivity (TFP) growth across the Chinese provinces over 2003¨C2012. After controlling for the province heterogeneity, our regression results show that the Chinese provinces exhibit significant conditional convergence in TFP growth over the sample period. This indicates that province-specific factors play an important role in determining provincial TFP growth. Economic policies conducive to faster TFP growth should thus be directed to the relevant factors underlying the province heterogeneity. This paper suggests that openness to international economic activities and human capital accumulation are two important factors that promote TFP growth, both of which rely on a salutary social infrastructure.
Improving statistical inference for gene expression profiling data by borrowing information

Gene expression profiling experiments, in particular, microarray experiments, are popular in genomics research. However, in addition to the great opportunities provided by such experiments, statistical challenges also arise in the analysis of expression profiling data. The current thesis discusses statistical issues associated with gene expression profiling experiments and develops new statistical methods to tackle some of these problems. In Chapter 2, we consider the insufficient sample size problem in detecting differential gene expression. We address the problem by developing and evaluating methods for variance model selection. The idea is that information about error variances might be learned from related datasets to improve the estimation of error variances. We develop a modified multiresponse permutation procedure (MRPP), modified cross-validation procedures, and the right AICc (corrected Akaike’s information criterion) for choosing a variance model. Through realistic simulations based on three real microarray studies, we evaluate the proposed methods and suggest practical recommendations for data analysis. In Chapter 3, we address the multiple testing problem by improving the estimation of the distribution of noncentrality parameters given a large number of two-sample t-tests. We provide parametric, nonparametric and semiparametric estimators for the distribution of noncentrality parameters, as well as false discovery rates (FDR) and local FDR. Simulations show that our density estimates are closer to the underlying truth and that our estimates of FDR are also improved relative to competing methods under a variety of situations. In Chapter 4, we develop a novel combination of two statistical techniques with the aim to by-pass the curse of dimensionality problem in detecting differential expression of genes. We accept the fact that, in “small N , large p” situations, the data are not sufficient to provide
Modeling and analysis of deadlock driven dynamic priority scheduling

Specifying and designing Real Time Software Systems (RTSS) is a complex matter, because it requires logical correctness as well as timing correctness. Unified Modeling Language (UML), the standard visual object-oriented modeling language, is suitable to deal with this complexity. In RTSS, scheduling of tasks with hard deadlines has been an important area of research in today's life. In this paper a model is developed using UML 2.0 to highlight the deadlock occurrence as a drawback of Priority Inheritance Protocol (PIP). Further an improved model has been developed to prevent deadlock using the Stack Based Preemption Ceiling Protocol (SBPCP).
UPnP single event mechanism for OPRoS robot S/W platform

In the future, robots will use various robot H/W platforms and their services will be composed of S/W components. Accordingly, it needs a robot S/W platform that provides standardized components and interfaces for fast robot development. OPRoS(Open Software Platform for Robotics Services) is a robot S/W platform that provides standardized components and interfaces. It uses the UPnP(Universal Plug and Play) as communication middleware. The UPnP is designed to bring easy-to-use, flexible, and standards-based connectivity to ad-hoc or unmanaged networks. We use UPnP eventing for push-style data transfer. But, the UPnP eventing has an inefficient factor for this. In this paper, we explain the reason and propose a single event mechanism to overcome the inefficiency.
The androgen receptor co‐activator CBP is up‐regulated following androgen withdrawal and is highly expressed in advanced prostate cancer

The androgen receptor co‐activator CREB (cAMP‐response element binding protein)‐binding protein (CBP) enhances androgen receptor activity after stimulation by androgenic hormones and androgen receptor antagonists. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulation of CBP expression by steroid and peptide hormones in prostate cancer. For this purpose, LNCaP cells were treated with the synthetic androgen methyltrienolone (R1881), epidermal growth factor, insulin‐like growth factor‐I or interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). CBP protein and mRNA expression were studied by western blotting and real‐time PCR, respectively. CBP expression was also investigated in tissue specimens obtained from 26 patients with therapy‐resistant carcinoma of the prostate. In LNCaP cells, CBP protein was down‐regulated by R1881 or IL‐6. The non‐steroidal anti‐androgen bicalutamide antagonized the effects of R1881 and the Janus kinase inhibitor AG 490 reversed the effects of IL‐6. In contrast, neither R1881 nor IL‐6 caused any effect on CBP expression in the PC‐3 cell line. In LNCaP cells, the inhibition of CBP expression by R1881 or IL‐6 was also observed at the mRNA level. CBP protein was detected in all 26 specimens by immunohistochemistry. The results suggest that up‐regulation of CBP during androgen ablation may be relevant to the failure of endocrine therapy in patients with prostate carcinoma. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF A NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION BY DGJ METHOD

Applying the new iterative method (DGJM), which have been used to handle the nonlinear models, we investigate the approximate analytical solutions for a nonlinear fractional ordinary dierential equation (FODE), where the fractional derivatives are considered in Caputo sense. On the process of dealing with nonlin- ear terms, we particularly employ Taylor series expansion to obtain the analytical solutions.
Securing Two-factor Authentication for Smartphones in a Usable Way by Adding a Connected Token

Todays two-factor authentication solutions for smartphones either rely on a replaceable smartcard or a trusted execution environment such as TrustZone. The user has to enter a pin or passcode into the device to authenticate himself. Research has shown that this method is easy to break. An attacker can easily spy on the secret through logging the input, recording screen reflections [1] or deriving it from sensor readings [2]. After stealing the device the attacker is able to access data stored on the device without the owner’s interaction. He may use a controlled environment (e.g. Faraday cage to shield the device from radiation) to evade remote wipe. The critical point in those attacks is that the possession factor is only limited to the smartphone. In this work we combine a smartphone and an external, connected smart token to build a strong authentication mechanism that withholds existing attack vectors. This extends the possession factor beyond the mobile device. The token is connected (via Bluetooth or NFC) to the smartphone. During authentication a message is pushed to the token where the user has to approve or deny the authentication request. Instead of using a proprietary gadget we want to use a smart watch. It combines powerful hardware with a rich OS. This will lead to broad acceptance among users as wearing a wrist watch is socially accepted behaviour. Further this approach provides high usability and protects the user’s privacy by not revealing anything about the user’s security status. BODY Two-factor authentication for smartphones is easy to break and can be secured by using a smart watch which acts as a connected token.
Plating coated component creep corrosion test at sulfur vapor atmosphere

Cloud computing and storage now are more important for people's life. Data center set-up is more popular all over the world. For the cooling of the computing server, a lot of data center choose the natural air circulation method replacing traditional one to save the power consumption. So from the natural air circulation, more reliable issue will come from the quality of air depending on which place they set-up. As been known, sulfur gas in the air will result in the creep corrosion reaction with few element like Cu, Ni, Al, Fe, Ag at moist environment. As a result, the article will focus on the sulfur resistivity of the plating coated component at sulfur environment simulated with sulfur clay for 1000hrs test. Pure copper shot and different Au plating thickness ranging from gold flush then thicker will take into consideration. Tin coated material and passive component will also be involved in the study. Then we can know how to choose the proper component at different environment. We hope we can get more reliable component then obtain more stable quality of data center.
Inhaled zanamivir for the prevention of influenza in families. Zanamivir Family Study Group.

BACKGROUND As prophylaxis against influenza in families, amantadine and rimantadine have had inconsistent effectiveness, partly because of the transmission of drug-resistant variants from treated index patients. We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of inhaled zanamivir for the treatment and prevention of influenza in families. METHODS We enrolled families (with two to five members and at least one child who was five years of age or older) before the 1998-1999 influenza season. If an influenza-like illness developed in one member, the family was randomly assigned to receive either inhaled zanamivir or placebo. The family member with the index illness was treated with either 10 mg of inhaled zanamivir (163 subjects) or placebo (158) twice a day for 5 days, and the other family members received either 10 mg of zanamivir (414 subjects) or placebo (423) once a day as prophylaxis for 10 days. The primary end point was the proportion of families in which at least one household contact had symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed influenza. RESULTS The proportion of families with at least one initially healthy household contact in whom influenza developed was smaller in the zanamivir group than in the placebo group (4 percent vs. 19 percent, P<0.001); the difference represented a 79 percent reduction in the proportion of families with at least one affected contact. Zanamivir provided protection against both influenza A and influenza B. A neuraminidase-inhibition assay and sequencing of the neuraminidase and hemagglutinin genes revealed no zanamivir-resistant variants. Among the subjects with index cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza, the median duration of symptoms was 2.5 days shorter in the zanamivir group than in the placebo group (5.0 vs. 7.5 days, P=0.01). Zanamivir was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS When combined with the treatment of index cases, prophylactic treatment of family members with once-daily inhaled zanamivir is well tolerated and prevents the development of influenza. In this study there was no evidence of the emergence of resistant influenza variants.
An Extractive Malayalam Document Summarization Based on Graph Theoretic Approach

Text summarization is a way to condense the large amount of information into a concise form by the process of selection of important information and discarding unimportant and redundant information. The need for Text summarization has increased much due to the abundance of documents in the internet.Even though a lot of text summarization systems have been developed for summarizing documents in various languages, there is no such well performing system for Malayalam.In this paper, we propose the use of Graph theoretic approach for summarizing Malayalam documents that is motivated by the method of identification of themes. After the common preprocessing steps, namely, stop word removal and stemming, sentences in the documents are represented as nodes in an undirected graph. There is a node for every sentence. Two sentences are connected with an edge if the two sentences share some common words, or in other words, their (cosine, or such) similarity is above some threshold. This representation yields two results: The partitions contained in the graph (that is those sub-graphs that are unconnected to the other sub graphs), form distinct topics covered in the documents. The second result yielded by the graph-theoretic method is the identification of the important sentences in the document. We apply graph theoretic approach on Malayalam text summarization task and achieve comparable results to the state of the art.
MULTI-YIELD SURFACE MODELING OF VISCOPLASTIC MATERIALS

This manuscript presents a multi-yield surface model to idealize the mechanical behavior of viscoplastic solids subjected to cyclic loading. The multi-yield surface model incorporates the evolution of nonlinear viscoplastic flow through a piece-wise linear hardening approximation. A kinematic hardening law is employed to account for the evolution of backstress with respect to the viscoplastic strain rate. The new backstress evolution strategy is proposed to ensure that all yield surfaces remain consistent (i.e., satisfying collinearity) throughout the viscoplastic process. The multi-yield surface model is coupled with viscoelasticity to approximate the relaxation behavior of high temperature metal alloys. The model is implemented using a mixed finite element approach. The capabilities of the proposed approach are demonstrated using experiments conducted on a high temperature titanium alloy (Ti-6242S) subjected to static, cyclic and relaxation conditions.
Search for the heliosheath with Voyager 1 magnetic field measurements

The magnetic field measured by Voyager 1 (V1) near 85 AU from 2002.0 to 2003.17 has the expected properties for the heliospheric magnetic field at that distance and epoch of the solar cycle. These V1 magnetic field observations do not provide evidence for exit from the solar wind, entry into a subsonic region such as the heliosheath, or transit of the termination shock near 85 AU.
Effect of low temperature on physico-chemicalproperties of different strawberry cultivars

Texture, anthocyanin content, pH, acidity, total soluble solids, total sugar, and sensory score of five strawberry cultivars (Kurdistan, Selva, Camarosa, Paroz, and Queen), stored at 6 oC, were investigated. The data indicated physical and chemical properties in all samples depended on cultivar during storage time since there were some contrasting responses among cultivars. ‘Kurdistan’ had the highest moisture content and showed decay symptoms previously. Except for ‘Camarosa’, TSS and total sugar increased in all cultivars. There were differences between cultivars concerning changes of acidity or pH over the storage period. In terms of flavor, ‘Kurdistan’, ‘Camarosa’, and ‘Selva’ cultivars were found better than the others at first day of cool storage. But ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Selva’ had a favorite colour among cultivars. Sign of fungal decay was observed in ‘Kurdistan’ samples at 7th day. This was the first study conducted on different cultivars of strawberry in our region.
Amphiregulin and epiregulin mRNA expression in primary tumors predicts outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab.

PURPOSE To study the power of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) epiregulin (EREG) and amphiregulin (AREG) ligands' expression in primary tumors to predict the outcome in patients with chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer (cmCRC) treated with the combination of cetuximab and irinotecan. PATIENTS AND METHODS Gene expression measurements and KRAS mutation analysis were performed on archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary tumors of 220 cmCRC patients. Response was measured using RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) criteria. The relation between ligand expression levels and outcome was evaluated using logistic regression for response and Cox regression for survival data. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was performed for response and survival data. CIs for the performance indices were obtained with a nonparametric bootstrap procedure. Findings were externally validated on a series of 67 samples treated in a similar setting. RESULTS In KRAS wild type (WT) patients, there was a significant association between log-transformed ligand expression and response for EREG (odds ratio for objective response, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.83; P = .0005; concordance index [c-index], 0.681) and for AREG (odds ratio for objective response, 1.862; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.72; P = .0017; c-index, 0.673). In a Cox regression model, dichotomized ligand expression was significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). EREG PFS hazard ratio (HR) was 0.41 (95% CI, 0.274 to 0.609; P < .001; time-dependent c-index [Ctau index], 0.640), and AREG PFS HR was 0.43 (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.64; P < .001; Ctau index, 0.627). EREG OS HR was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.63; P < .0001; Ctau index, 0.639), and AREG OS HR was 0.40 (95% CI, 0.27 to 0.64; P < .0001; Ctau index, 0.625). There was no predictive power of ligand expression in patients with KRAS mutation. CONCLUSION Expression of EGFR ligands in primary tumors significantly predicts outcome in KRAS WT cmCRC treated with cetuximab and irinotecan.
Evidence for equilibrium conditions during the partitioning of nickel between olivine and komatiite liquids

Olivine-toJiquid partition coeftcients for Ni (D*,), calculated from Ni versus MgO abundance variations in komatiite series basalts, compare favorably with experimentally determined values if Ni variations in olivine-controlled basalts can be modeled with an equation that assumes equilibrium between the entire olivine crystal and its coexisting liquid. Thus, Ni abundances in evolved komatiite series basalts can be calculated by using an equilibrium or Nernst crystallization equation and are independent of reasonable choices for the Ni and MgO content of the primary magma. Using published partition coefficients, calculations of Ni and MgO abundances in cumulate olivines in komatiite series basalts suggest hat Do,, values determined from natural basalt systems are more geologically valid, i.e., produce more reasonable olivine compositions than do D",values from synthetic basalt systems.