Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artículo original: EVALUACIÓN DE MORFOLOGIA, ECOTEXTURA Y FUNCIÓN DEL CUERPO LUTEO EM PROGRAMAS DE TRANSFERENCIA DE EMBRIONES

Um dos fatores mais importantes para o sucesso ou fracasso de um programa de transferência de embriões (TE) é a seleção e triagem de receptoras. O cuidado na seleção dos animais utilizados pode ser decisivo para que se obtenham altas taxas de gestação (Viana, 1996), o que, por sua vez, tem grande impacto financeiro do processo, pois a aquisição e manutenção do plantel de receptoras representam grande parte dos custos econômicos de um programa de TE (Looney et al., 1996). Em programas de produção in vitro de embriões, a demanda por um grande número de receptoras sincronizadas é ainda maior, pois a grande maioria destes embriões são transferidos a fresco (IETS, 2010). A seleção e identificação de receptoras de alta qualidade não é uma tarefa simples (Jones e Lamb, 2008). Além dos critérios de seleção usuais (aspectos sanitários, nutricionais, patologias reprodutivas, etc) uma receptora deve estar em condição hormonal e uterina compatíveis com o estádio de desenvolvimento do embrião a ser transferido, ou seja, deve haver uma estreita sincronia entre a fase do ciclo estral da receptora e da doadora no momento da transferência de embriões (Hasler et al., 1987). Neste sentido, a presença de um corpo lúteo (CL) funcional, produzindo quantidades adequadas de progesterona, é condição sine qua non para o estabelecimento e manutenção da gestação. A taxa de aproveitamento de receptoras é reflexo direto da eficiência na sincronização, i.e., maior número de receptoras aptas, apresentando CL no dia da TE, contribui para um maior número final de gestantes em relação às inicialmente sincronizadas (taxa de gestantes/tratadas).
MENS REA IN RAPE: MORGAN AND THE INADEQUACY OF SUBJECTIVISM

[This article examines the influential decision of the House of Lords in Morgan, where a charge of rape was contested on the ground that the accused had believed the victim to be consenting to sexual intercourse. The majority decision that a man's belief in consent, regardless of its reasonableness, is a good defence to a charge of rape is considered, with particular reference to the concept of criminal negligence and the doctrine of mistake. It is argued that the decision is untenable, both in terms of formal precedent and the liberal philosophical premises underlying the criminal justice system. ]
Toward Better Evolutionary Program Repair

Bug repair is a major component of software maintenance, which requires a huge amount of manpower. Evolutionary computation, particularly genetic programming (GP), is a class of promising techniques for automating this time-consuming and expensive process. Although recent research in evolutionary program repair has made significant progress, major challenges still remain. In this article, we propose ARJA-e, a new evolutionary repair system for Java code that aims to address challenges for the search space, search algorithm, and patch overfitting. To determine a search space that is more likely to contain correct patches, ARJA-e combines two sources of fix ingredients (i.e., the statement-level redundancy assumption and repair templates) with contextual analysis-based search space reduction, thereby leveraging their complementary strengths. To encode patches in GP more properly, ARJA-e unifies the edits at different granularities into statement-level edits and then uses a lower-granularity patch representation that is characterized by the decoupling of statements for replacement and statements for insertion. ARJA-e also uses a finer-grained fitness function that can make full use of semantic information contained in the test suite, which is expected to better guide the search of GP. To alleviate patch overfitting, ARJA-e further includes a postprocessing tool that can serve the purposes of overfit detection and patch ranking. We evaluate ARJA-e on 224 real Java bugs from Defects4J and compare it with the state-of-the-art repair techniques. The evaluation results show that ARJA-e can correctly fix 39 bugs in terms of the patches ranked first, achieving substantial performance improvements over the state of the art. In addition, we analyze the effect of the components of ARJA-e qualitatively and quantitatively to demonstrate their effectiveness and advantages.
Focus on Adapting Cities to Climate Change

Cities and the Mitigation and Adaptation Agendas: An Inconvenient Truth Analysis of the relationship between cities and climate change has overwhelmingly focused on their contribution to greenhouse emissions and the need to reduce carbonbased fuel dependency, thereby delaying the debate on the impacts of climate variability on citizens (particularly the urban poor) in the Global South. This has resulted in the emergence of a mitigation agenda which is often dissociated from the essential question of how to support cities and citizens to adapt to climate change. While it is not helpful to discuss mitigation and adaptation as competing agendas, from the perspective of cities in the Global South the latter does appear to be subordinated to the former in two ways. First, the prevailing attention given to mitigation responses at the expense of adaptation obscures the asymmetry between the actual greenhouse gas contributions produced by most urban centres in the South, and the risks they experience from the negative effects of climate change. Second, both mitigation and adaptation challenges are closely linked to development challenges in these cities. In contexts where inadequate water, sanitation and drainage infrastructure, poor quality housing and insecure land tenure are the norm rather than the exception, and where sizeable percentages of the urban population live in settlements that are labelled ‘illegal’, there is little scope for local governments and planning systems to address increased vulnerability to climate change unless the right of the urban poor to the city is reclaimed. In this context, mitigation responses appear to fit more comfortably with the modernising vision of urban elites and governments in the South and the North alike than the ‘inconvenient truth’ that high vulnerability to climate change is in fact a predictable condition linked to the structural uneven geography of development, rather than to nature’s unpredictability. Focus on
ON MODELING THE MOTION OF A STRONG SHOCK WAVE ALONG A PERFORATED PLANE SURFACE

We consider a gasmotion behind the front of a strong flat shock wave propagating along a flat surface, which, starting from a certain point, becomes perforated. The solution of Euler system of equations is constructed by a small parameter method. The characteristic ratio of gas densities at the shock front is chosen as a small parameter. An approximate analytical solution of the problem is constructed taking into account the terms of the first approximation. It is assumed that the gas flow through the permeable boundary is proportional to the pressure drop across it, which allows replacing the solution of the problem with the solution of a shock wave diffraction problem at an angle greater than π. the structure of the flow in the perturbed region behind the diffracted shock wave is analyzed. The shape of the wave front is constructed for different values of determining flow parameters.
Homoclinic solutions for fractional Hamiltonian systems with indefinite conditions

In this paper we are concerned with the existence of infinitely many homoclinic solutions for the following fractional Hamiltonian systems { −tD∞(−∞Dt u(t)) − L(t)u(t) + ∇W(t,u(t)) = 0, u ∈ Hα(R,Rn), (FHS) where α ∈ (1/2, 1), t ∈ R, u ∈ Rn, L ∈ C(R,Rn ) is a symmetric matrix for all t ∈ R, W ∈ C1(R × Rn,R) and ∇W(t,u) is the gradient of W(t,u) at u. The novelty of this paper is that, when L(t) is allowed to be indefinite and W(t,u) satisfies some new superquadratic conditions, we show that (FHS) possesses infinitely many homoclinic solutions via a variant fountain theorem. Recent results are generalized and significantly improved.
A NON-LINEAR FUZZY SET TECHNIQUE FOR COMBINING PRECIPITATION FORECASTS

Floods in the U.S. are among the top two most dangerous natural hazard in terms of frequency and severity. Annual damages from 1990-1999 have averaged $5.56 billion when adjusted to 1997 dollars (NOAA 2000). The ten-year average (1992–2001) number of flood fatalities in the U.S. is 88 per year, second only to heat-related deaths (NOAA 2002). Globally, approximately 1.5 billion people have been affected by floods from 1991–2000 (WMO 2001). Many countries are not prepared to handle the social and economic impacts arising from large flood disasters. However, given more accurate and reliable flood forecasts with enough lead time, governments may be able to act sooner to ameliorate the potential impacts of a flood event instead of just reacting to the situation. In order to further improve heavy rainfall and flood forecasts, an interdisciplinary and multi-scale approach with state-of-the-art forecasting techniques is needed. In meteorology, as numerical weather prediction (NWP) continues to mature, modeling experiments are now being performed at many different space and time scales. Moreover, ensemble-based predictions have become the standard at many weather services around the world. Multi-model superensemble techniques (Krishnamurti et al. 2000a, 2000b, 2001) are also being shown to have great skill. Finally, mesoscale, or limited-area, models have become increasingly valued for predicting flood events. Still, successful quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) on the order of two to five days lead time is still very much a challenge, especially for flood events over small areas or over highly varying terrain. This study, based on fuzzy set theory, aims to improve the accuracy of real-time, global-scale precipitation and flood forecasts from one to five days in advance. In this research, the author simulates a
Title Reading actively online: An exploratory investigation of online annotation tools for inquiry learning

This study seeks to design and facilitate active reading among secondary school students with an online annotation tool – Diigo. Two classes of different academic performance levels were recruited to examine their annotation behavior and perceptions of Diigo. We wanted to determine whether the two classes differed in how they used Diigo; how they perceived Diigo; and whether how they used Diigo was related to how they perceived it. Using annotation data and surveys in which students reported on their use and perceptions of Diigo, we found that although the tool facilitated individual annotations, the two classes used and perceived it differently. Overall, the study showed Diigo to be a promising tool for enhancing active reading in the inquiry learning process. Résumé Cette étude vise à concevoir et à faciliter la lecture active chez les élèves du secondaire grâce à l’outil d'annotation en ligne Diigo. Deux classes avec des niveaux de rendement scolaire différents ont été retenues afin qu’on examine leur manière d’annoter et leur perception de Diigo. Nous avons voulu déterminer si les deux classes diffèrent dans leur façon d’utiliser Diigo, leur perception de Diigo, et si leur manière d’utiliser Diigo était liée à leur perception. En utilisant les données d'annotation et d'enquêtes dans lesquelles les élèves relataient leur utilisation et leur perception de Diigo, nous avons constaté que, même si l'outil a facilité les annotations individuelles, les deux classes l’ont utilisé et perçu différemment. Dans l'ensemble, l'étude a montré que Diigo est un outil prometteur pour l'amélioration de la lecture active dans le processus d'apprentissage par enquête. CJLT/RCAT Vol. 38(3) Reading Actively Online 2
Evaluating Economic Implications of Agricultural Innovations. A Theory- Based Impact Assessment of Biochar as a Soil Amendment and Improved Wastewater Irrigation in West African Cities

This paper proposes a methodology for systematically assessing the economic implications of agricultural innovations on different stakeholder groups, exemplified by biochar as a soil amendment and improved wastewater irrigation in the West African cities of Tamale (Ghana) and Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Intensive cultivation of vegetables on small urban open-space plots has resulted in declining soil fertility and yields. Insufficient irrigation and nutrients have promoted the use of wastewater irrigation amongst urban vegetable farmers, exposing urban producers and consumers to health-related risks. Productivity-enhancing innovations may simultaneously improve the livelihoods of urban farm households as well as, through reduced market prices, increase the food security of consumers. Additionally, improved irrigation technology to reduce pathogen loads on vegetables may enhance food safety but increases farmers’ production costs. In order to assess economic impacts of such technology enhancements ex-ante, a household production function for urban vegetable farmers that integrates soil fertility indicators is developed, alongside an aggregate supply and demand model for urban vegetable markets. This will allow the dynamic estimation of income effects on urban farmers due to production changes with resulting price changes at the market level. To scrutinize further assumptions pertaining to consumers‘ and producers‘ perceptions on the costs of illness, studies on the opportunity cost of wastewater-related illness and willingness to pay for safe, certified food are being conducted. The combination and integration of a farm-level assessment of productivity changes, analysis of market-level changes and contingent valuation studies on consumers’ preferences allows for a holistic, systematic assessment of the sustainability of agricultural innovations from the perspective of various stakeholder groups.
Effects of NESS on Stroke Patients at a Long-Term Care Health Facility

Many stroke patients suffer sequela, such as the loss of limb mobility. Recently, a range of rehabilitation approaches have been developed and reported against the functional impairment of the hemiplegic upper limb. One of these approaches is the NESS H200 Hand Rehabilitation System. NESS is a functional electrical stimulation device for patients with motor paralysis of the fingers. In this study, NESS was used by 47 patients with motor paralysis of the upper limbs in the maintenance phase at our facility (1 to 2 sessions daily; duration of each session: 20 minutes). All the study subjects underwent 11 sessions in total: the residents used NESS every day, while the outpatients used it once or twice a week. Before and after using NESS, the active flexion angle of the wrist dorsal, FMA, MAS, and ARAT were measured and compared. It is presumed that the use of NESS improved some of the upper limb motor functions and eliminated disuse syndrome in the paralyzed muscle.
Graphene patterning by nanosecond laser ablation

This paper focuses on the development of patterned graphene/substrate by means of green nanosecond pulse laser irradiation. Monolayer graphene samples supported on a Si/SiO2 substrate were patterned using 532 nm laser irradiation under fluence conditions ranging from 31 mJ/cm and to 4240 mJ/cm. Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of laser irradiation on the graphene. It was found that at 356 mJ/cm selective ablation of the graphene occurs. However, at fluence values above 1030 mJ/cm (when damage to the substrate is observed) no ablation of the graphene takes place. In contrast, its graphenic structure was found to have been modified. Only at fluence values where the ablation of the substrate occurs, is graphene eliminated in an area almost equivalent to that of the ablated substrate. In this case, additional damage to the graphene sheet edges is produced. The increment in the number of oxygenated functional groups in these regions, as measured by XPS spectroscopy, suggests that this damage is probably caused by thermal phenomena during the ablation of the substrate.
On-road particulate matter (PM2.5) and gaseous emissions in the Shing Mun Tunnel, Hong Kong

Real-world emission factors of PM2.5 (particle’s aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 mm), NOx (the sum of NO2 and NO), and CO from mixed vehicles in the Shing Mun Tunnel in Hong Kong have been determined. A total of 16 runs were made during varying times that encompassed different traffic fractions of diesel-fueled vehicles. During the study, a total of 27,310 vehicles traversed the tunnel, comprising approximately 50% diesel-fueled vehicles, 41% gasoline-fueled vehicles, and 9% LPG-vehicles. The PM2.5 emission factors, derived from the DRI (Desert Research Institute, USA) particulate sampler, ranged from 0.066 to 0.190 g veh 1 km . Result from a t-test showed no statistical significance for PM2.5 difference in summer and winter. The PM2.5 emission factors were found to correlate well with NOx (R 2 1⁄4 0.65) and both had a positive relationship with the proportion of diesel-fueled vehicles. Two DustTrak air monitors were also used to monitor PM2.5 masses in the tunnel. The mean emission factor derived from DustTrak, 0.15070. 045 g veh 1 km , had reasonable agreement with the filter method, 0.13170. 037 g veh 1 km , demonstrating that the DustTrak air monitor can be used in tunnel studies, but needs careful calibrations with the filter method. The emission factors for PM2.5 mass and NOx were obtained for on-road diesel-fueled vehicles based on the linear regression analysis and they were 0.25770. 031 and 1.93170. 309 g veh 1 km , respectively. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stability Analysis of Salt Cavern Gas Storage Using 2D Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Finite-Element Software

Ensuring the stability and integrity of underground gas storage salt caverns is a very complicated subject due to the non-linear and time-dependent behavior of rock salts under complicated thermal and mechanical loading conditions. For this reason, pressure and temperature fluctuations in the caverns and their surrounding strata must be integrated into the analysis and the numerical tools that are used for this purpose. LOCAS, a 2D axisymmetric finite-element code, dedicated to the stability analysis of underground salt spaces, was applied to assess the effects of various operating and geometrical parameters on the cavern behavior. In this paper, we aimed to give an overall assessment of the behavior of the salt caverns used for natural gas storage. In this work, some specific loading scenarios were considered first, followed by thorough parametric and sensitivity analyses to reveal the impacts of the geometrical parameters and operational parameters involved on the behavior of salt caverns using the modern stability criteria. The findings showed that the onset of dilation was more likely to happen within the first cavern life cycle when pressure dropped to the minimum level. As for the potential of tension occurrence in the surrounding rock, this is more likely to happen by increasing the number of operation cycles, especially in the upper one-third of the cavern wall. Finally, it was seen that the cavern depth and minimum cavern internal pressure had even more important influences than the others on the salt cavern behavior.
The intracoronary injection of recombinant human prourokinase in emergency interventional therapy for high thrombus load during ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study

Aim: The clinical effect of the injection of recombinant human prourokinase to infarction-related arteries during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients who have slow reflow/no reflow was investigated. Methods: Data from STEMI patients who underwent emergency PCI at the Chest Pain Center of the First People’s Hospital of Changde City from April 2017 to December 2018 were collected for analysis. Results: Whether the ST segment had decreased by more than 50% at 90 min and whether the creatine kinase isoenzyme and cardiac troponin I had decreased by more than 50% were investigated. There were no significant differences in the indexes of color Doppler echocardiography (left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular enddiastolic diameter, ventricular aneurysm, and ventricular thrombus) within seven days after surgery and in the ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular event between the two groups within one month after surgery (P > 0.05), but, there were significant differences in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) classification, corrected TIMI frame count, creatine kinase peak value, and the third-degree atrioventricular block (P < 0.05). Page 2 of 8 Qin et al. Vessel Plus 2020;4:2 I http://dx.doi. org/10.20517/2574-1209.2019. 22 Conclusion: The intracoronary injection of recombinant human prourokinase in patients with STEMI undergoing emergency PCI is safe and effective.
Traits of reproduction and feeding of the european Green lizard, Lacertaviridis (lauRenTi, 1768), at the southern edge of its distribution (Squamata: Sauria: lacertidae) fortpflanzungsbiologische und nahrungsökologische Merkmale der Östlichen Smaragd-eidechse Lacertaviridis(lauRenTi, 1768) am Süd

information is provided on the feeding ecology and reproduction of the european Green lizard, Lacerta viridis (lauRenTi, 1768), from the very south of its distribution range. The authors analyzed the stomach contents of 86 preserved specimens originating from the Greek mainland stored at the Herpetological collection of the natural History Museum of crete. The prey items were identified and put in relation to the season when they were eaten, and the sex and age of the lizards. in the diet of this generalist consumer, coleoptera and orthopera constituted more than 50 % of the total prey items in the stomach. While season had no effect on the prey taxonomic composition of the species, sex and age clearly did. Lacerta­viridis­changed its feeding preferences with maturation: adult individuals selected larger and harder prey than young, males showed a higher food niche breadth and fed on harder prey items than females. as regards to reproduction, both sexes attained sexual maturity at a snoutvent-length of more than than 70 mm. The reproductive activity of females and males lasted from early spring to mid-summer. clutch size varied greatly and was negatively correlated with the clutch’s average egg volume.
The future of leadership : New directions for leading and learning

The chapters in this book raise a great number of critical issues about leadercentrism that scholars of leadership need to address. It is important to recall that the primary motivation for Questioning Leadership was to investigate, if not restore, the balance in explanation that since the 1980s has favoured leadercentrism as the dominant, a priori, account for organisational functioning, at the expense of organisational–institutional factors that have provided both the context for leadership and exercised their own constraints on al performance (e.g. Perrow, 1986 [1993]). Different answers and solutions have been offered in the chapters of this book on how to address, or redress, leader-centrism, from a variety of theoretical and philosophical perspectives.