Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personality, Attitudes, and Affect as Predictors of Second Language Communication

Numerous studies have established the importance of affective variables, such as attitudes, motivation, perceived competence, and anxiety, in predicting success in second language learning and communication. Path analysis was used to investigate the relations among these variables, to examine their impacton the frequency ofsecond language communication, and to examine the role of global personality traits. Significant paths affecting the frequency of communication were found, from willingness to communicate in the second language (2), language learning motivation, perceived L2 communicative competence, and the opportunity for contact with L2 speakers. Further results demonstrate thatglobal personality traits and language-related affective variables (such as attitudes and anxiety) set the psychological context for second language communication. These results are interpreted in terms of models of second language learning and communication.
Investigation of in vitro antifungal activity of honey

The study was aimed at determining the antifungal activities of some honey samples obtained from different geographical locations in Nigeria against some fungal isolates by the method of agar well diffusion. The honey samples were examined for antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Microsporum gypseum, Candida albicans, and Saccharomyces sp. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the honeys were also determined. Results obtained reveal that the honey samples showed varying levels of inhibitory activity at various concentrations against the fungi tested with zones of inhibition increasing with increasing honey concentration. M. gypseum was the most sensitive of all the fungal isolates studied, while C. albicans was the least sensitive. The MIC and MFC values for the honeys ranged between 12.5 and 50% (v/v). The samples of honey used in the study showed broad spectrum and promising antifungal activity. Nigerian honey can serve as sources of antifungal substances for possible development of antifungal drugs for the treatment of fungal infections. Key words: Honey, antifungal activity, moulds, yeasts, Nigeria.
THE LANGUAGE OF CERTAIN CONFLICTS OF A NONDETERMINISTIC PROCESS

The language of certain conflicts is the most general set of behaviours of a nondeterministic process, which certainly lead to a livelock or deadlock when accepted by another process running in parallel. It is of great use in model checking to detect livelocks or deadlocks in very large systems, and in process-algebra to obtain abstractions preserving livelock and deadlock. Unfortunately, the language of certain conflicts is difficult to compute and has only been approximated in previous work. This paper presents an effective algorithm to calculate the language of certain conflicts for any given nondeterministic finitestate process and discusses its properties. The algorithm is shown to be correct and of exponential complexity.
From Bohnenberger's Machine to Integrated Navigation Systems, 200 Years of Inertial Navigation

In 1817, F. Bohnenberger presented an apparatus consisting of a fast spinning rotor with cardanic suspension. His invention formed the basis for L. Foucault’s epochal studies on gyroscopic sensors in the middle of the 19 th century. The development of instruments like the artificial horizon and the directional gyro is a direct result of this work. Later on, gyro technology led also to stabilized platforms forming the early variants of inertial navigation systems. Foucault’s initial intention of using Bohnenberger’s invention as a sensor was the provision of a device offering an inertial direction reference for surveying and navigation. Due to technical limitations, a gyro is, however, suitable for such a task during only a limited period of time. To enable a long-term usage, additional, complementary measurements are required. An artificial horizon therefore includes levelling sensors, and a directional gyro is typically coupled with a magnetic compass. On the other hand, the main feature of integrated navigation systems is the fusion of data from dissimilar signal sources. Thus, artificial horizons and directional gyros represent elementary forms of such systems. Modern integrated navigation systems of high performance consist of the combination of inertial strapdown systems (being the successor of stabilized platforms) and GPS receivers. In photogrammetry, they have become an essential tool for direct georeferencing. Nevertheless, their system structure is still traceable to the early gyro instruments mentioned. This classical system design being outlined in the following opens perspectives for new developments.
Pyrimidine derivatives and processes for the preparation thereof

It was described for the salt thereof, including forming group - N- phenyl-2-pyrimidine of general formula (I) - derivative and one or more salts. Wherein R R Fluoro-substituted lower alkoxy or the formula Glass or an alkylated amino, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or morpholinyl optionally substituted by unsubstituted lower alkyl; Or lower alkanoyl; Trifluoromethyl; The glass or etherified or esterified hydroxy; Or glass or alkylating the acylated amino; Or glass, or it is esterified carboxy.
A Study on User Behavior for I Pass by UTAUT: Using Taiwan's MRT as an Example

I Pass, the electronic ticket used by Kaohsiung MRT system, is a contactless electronic ticket developed on the basis of the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to increase convenience of this public transit system and ridership. This paper investigated Kaohsiung citizens’ acceptance and use of I Pass using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The research model comprised of six constructs and four moderators. The constructs were performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention, and use behavior, while the moderators were gender, age, experience, and voluntariness of use. It analyzed data collected from a questionnaire survey on users of I Pass and tested the quality of the questionnaire using several measurement criteria. Finally, correlations and strength of correlation between latent constructs were identified using Structural Equation Modeling. Results show that “Effect Expectancy” and “Social Influence” have significant and positive influence on “Behavioral Intention”; “Facilitating Conditions” and “Behavioral Intention” have significant and positive influence on “Use Behavior”. Besides, all the moderators have moderating effects on the relationships between the latent constructs. This paper attempted to explore the main factors affecting users’ usage of I Pass through empirical research and to provide a reference for Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (KRTC) on future development of I Pass.
Finiteness results for Heegaard surfaces in surgered manifolds

We demonstrate that for all but a finite number of Dehn fillings on a cusped manifold, the core of the attached solid torus is isotopic into every Heegaard surface for the filled manifold. Furthermore, if the cusped manifold does not contain a closed, non-peripheral, incompressible surface, then after excluding the aforementioned set and those filled manifolds containing incompressible surfaces (also a finite set) every other manifold obtained by Dehn filling contains at most a finite number of Heegaard surfaces that are not Heegaard surfaces for the cusped manifold. It follows that these manifolds contain a finite number of Heegaard surfaces of bounded genera. For each cusped manifold, the excluded manifolds are contained in a finite set that can be determined algorithmically.
Development of a Novel 2-Dimensional Micro-Heater Array Device with Regional Selective Heating

This paper reports the development of a micro-heater array device that can be selectively heated at an arbitrary location. To confirm the heating characteristics of this micro-heater array device, heating experiments using a thermo-responsive gel were conducted. Since a micro-heater can supply heat with a rapid-response on a micro-scale, various applications have been studied. Based on these characteristics, micro-heaters have often been used in recent research applications involving biological cells. To expand the versatility of the micro-heater, the development of micro-heater array systems that can supply heat selectively at an arbitrary location is required. In this work, to support micro-heater applications in the field of biochemistry, the design and materials of a micro-heater array device were optimized and a fabrication process was established. Furthermore, the usefulness of this device was verified using a thermo-responsive gel, and control of the temperature distribution on a glass substrate was successfully demonstrated. This micro-heater array device can be heated with regional selectivity, and each region can be controlled to an arbitrary temperature, so the device is also capable of generating temperature gradients.
A method for 2-dimensional inversion of gravity data

Applying 2D algorithms for inverting the potential field data is more useful and efficient than their 3D counterparts, whenever the geologic situation permits. This is because the computation time is less and modeling the subsurface is easier. In this paper we present a 2D inversion algorithm for interpreting gravity data by employing a set of constraints including minimum distance, smoothness, and compactness. Using different combination of these constraints provide either smooth images of the underground geological structures or models with sharp geological boundaries. We model the study area by a large number of infinitely long horizontal prisms with square cross-sections and unknown densities. The final density distribution is obtained by minimizing an objective function that is composed of the model objective function and equality constraints, which are combined using a Lagrangian multipliers. Each block's weight depends on depth, a priori information on density and the allowed density ranges for the specified area. A MATLAB code has been developed and tested on a synthetic model consists of vertical and dipping dikes. The algorithm is applied with different combinations of constraints and the practical aspects are discussed. Results indicate that when a combination of constraints is used, the geometry and density distribution of both structures can be reconstructed. The method is applied on Zereshlu Mining Camp in Zanjan - Iran, which is well known for the Manganese ores. Result represents a high density distribution with the horizontal extension of about 30 m, and the vertical extension shows a trend in the E - W direction with a depth interval between 7 to 22 m in the east and 15 to 35 m in the west.
EEG and ERP based Degree of Internet Game Addiction Analysis

Recently game addiction of young people has become a social issue. Therefore, many studies, mostly surveys, have been conducted to diagnose game addiction. In this paper, we suggest how to distinguish levels of addiction based on EEG. To this end, we first classify four groups by the degrees of addiction to internet games (High-risk group, Vigilance group, Normal group, Good-user group) using CSG (Comprehensive Scale for Assessing Game Behavior) and then measure their Event Related Potential(ERP) in the Go/NoGo Task. Specifically, we measure the signals of P300, N400 and N200 from the channels of the NoGo stimulus and Go stimulus. In addition, we extract distinct features from the discrete wavelet transform of the EEG signal and use these features to distinguish the degrees of addiction to internet games. The experiments in this study show that High-risk and Vigilance group exhibit lower Go-N200 amplitude of Fz channel than Normal and Good-user groups. In Go-P300 and NoGo-P300 of Fz channel, High-risk and Vigilance groups exhibit higher amplitude than Normal and Good-user group. In Go-N400 and NoGo-N400 of Pz channel, High-risk and Vigilance group exhibit lower amplitude than Normal and Good-user group. The test after the learning study of the extracted characteristics of each frequency band from the EEG signal showed 85% classification accuracy.
Migration, mines and mores: the HIV epidemic in southern Africa †

The seriousness of the HIV epidemic in southern and eastern Africa has its roots in the 19th century—in the employment practices instituted on mines, farms and in cities, where millions of men have, ever since, lived apart from their families for the greater part of each year. This destruction of the family unit was a sociological disaster waiting for the arrival of HIV and is the source of many other social ills—not least the increasingly violent nature of South African society. In the short term we can promote HIV prevention measures such as male circumcision and condom use. In the medium term, we can hope that the many billions already spent on microbicide and vaccine research begin to pay dividends. In the long term, we need to change fundamentally the way that people live.
Examining the Relationships of Cognitive, Affective, and Conative Destination Image: A Research on Safranbolu, Turkey

Destination image is formed by three distinctly different but hierarchically interrelated components called cognitive, affective, and conative (Gartner, 1993:193). In this context, the main purpose of this research is to confirm the relationships between the cognitive, affective, and conative components of destination image. It also aims to reveal the multidimensional nature of cognitive destination image and determine the dimensions that compose it. Data for the sample was collected from 446 tourists who visited Safranbolu, Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results show that the cognitive destination image is a multidimensional construct. Also it is confirmed that destination image is a hierarchical structure within the cognitive, affective, and conative components. The assessment of both the cognitive and the affective components of destination image can be used as a predictor of tourists’ behavioral intentions toward destinations, such as intention to revisit, recommend, and spread positive word of mouth. Moreover, it is revealed that the affective component is influenced by the cognitive component and the affective component also mediates the relationship between the cognitive and conative components. These results provide some theoretical and managerial implications.
Spatially resolved atomic and molecular emission from the very low-mass star IRS54

Molecular outflows from very low-mass stars (VLMSs) and brown dwarfs (BDs) have been studied very little, and only a few objects have been directly imaged. Using VLT SINFONI K-band observations, we spatially resolved, for the first time, the H2 emission around IRS54, a ~0.1-0.2 Msun Class I source. The molecular emission shows a complex structure delineating a large outflow cavity and an asymmetric molecular jet. In addition, new [FeII] VLT ISAAC observations at 1.644um allowed us to discover the atomic jet counterpart which extends down to the central source. The outflow structure is similar to those found in low-mass Class I young stellar objects (YSOs) and Classical TTauri stars (CTTSs). However, its Lacc/Lbol ratio is very high (~80%), and the derived mass accretion rate is about one order of magnitude higher than in objects with similar mass, pointing to the young nature of the investigated source.
A Spectrum Sensing Algorithm Based on Maximum Entropy Spectral Estimation

A spectrum sensing algorithm, named as MESE algorithm, based on maximum entropy spectral estimation was constructed in this papers. Frequency domain analysis was introduced into the spectrum sensing, peak to average power spectrum amplitude ratio (PAAR) was taken as detection statistics, Detection threshold obtained from the probability density distribution of the detection statistic by the method of Monte Carlo. The simulation results show that the detection performance of MESE algorithm was much better than energy detection algorithm.
Circular RNAs: a novel tool in cardiovascular biomarker development?

As we move towards cardiovascular personalised medicine, the development of novel biomarkers to assist in the decision-making process is a hot topic in translational research. In recent years, the non-coding transcriptome has emerged as a novel source of indicators with clinical applications. A vast number of publications have highlighted the potential of different members of this family as biomarkers, especially microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. Recent advances in RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis have drawn attention to another promising class of non-coding RNAs: circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs are single-stranded and covalently closed RNA molecules that lack free caps or poly(A) tails. Initially discovered in plant viroids as early as the 1970s, circRNAs were originally considered splicing by-products or background noise. Nonetheless, transcriptome-wide analyses have identified and characterised thousands of circRNAs in diverse human cells, with key functions in the regulation of cellular processes. Indeed, various authors have proposed a causative role in a number of pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, circRNAs have the optimal chemical and biological properties to serve as interesting biomarkers. CircRNAs are free of exonuclease-mediated degradation and have a longer half-life than most linear RNAs, and their expression is cell- and developmental stage- and disease-specific. The presence of circRNAs has been demonstrated in clinical specimens, including whole blood, plasma and serum. Here, we review publications that have evaluated the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular conditions, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysm and the risk of adverse events. In addition, we discuss current methodological limitations and proposed future steps for their application as clinical indicators.
Influence of pet ownership on self-esteem, life satisfaction and loneliness among over 65s in Ireland

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pet ownership on self-­‐esteem, life satisfaction and loneliness in pet owners and non-­‐owners. Data was collected from 147 participants. Data was gathered by means of self-­‐reported questionnaires that assessed self-­‐esteem, life satisfaction and loneliness. An independent sample t-­‐tests showed that there was a significant difference in levels of loneliness experienced by pet owners and non-­‐owners (t (137) = -2.09, p = . 038, 2-tailed). Additional t-tests showed there was no significant difference between pet owners and non-owners on levels of self-esteem and life satisfaction. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed there was no significant difference in loneliness, life satisfaction and self-esteem between owners of different types of pets.
VDTN-ToD: Routing Protocol VANET/DTN Based on Trend of Delivery

Providing access to the Internet or other network services to remote regions with low population density is quite complicated, since telecommunications companies may be un- willing to invest in a communications infrastructure in these locations. A possible solution to this problem is using Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) with Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) architecture in order to provide Internet access and other services to these regions. This is quite a challenging task because it is really difficult to predict when vehicular nodes will be in contact with each other and how long it will remain connected. In this paper , we are proposing a unique VANET/DTN routing strategy based on a new metric called Trend of Delivery (ToD). The results have shown that our proposition had better performance than other classical DTN protocols when applied to VANET. We used the Network Simulator 3 (ns-3) to implement classical DTN protocols as: Epidemic, Prophet and Spray-and-Wait in order to compare with our proposition. The simulation shows a good performance of the proposed strategy, maintaining good delivery rate while keeping overhead low, unlike purely epidemic strategy, where the overhead increases uncontrollably. Keywords-VANET; DTN; Routing Protocol; Fuzzy Logic; ns-3; Trend of Delivery;
Public Ownership as a Signalling Device

We study public ownership from the perspective of political economics. A partly partisan government runs a state-owned firm. The number of employees the government wants to hire depends both on economic conditions and on the preferences of the government, both unknown to the electorate. The government's policy towards the state-owned firm gives a signal of its preferences, and may thereby influence the probability that the government is re-elected. As a result, the governance of the firm becomes inefficient and static, in the sense that it does not react adequately to changing economic conditions.
Prevalence of deafness and hearing screening in newborns in Isfahan

BACKGROUND: Hearing impairment screening in newborns is a prompt action to identify those who suffer from deafness or hearing loss disorder. This procedure is aimed at early diagnosis of those cases in which quick intervention could prevent subsequent defects and impairments. Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) test is a screening test which is used to identify patients with hearing problems. This study was conducted to timely diagnose hearing disorder among newborns in order to prevent their verbal disorder through early interventions. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was carried out on 1232 newborns in Baharestan Hospital, Isfahan, in 2009-2010. Newborns were enrolled during their first month and they were evaluated by EOAE test. RESULTS: The prevalence of hearing loss in this study was 4.8 per 1000 newborns. Those newborns whose responses to the test were more than 60% were accepted in the test. Results of the tests in 50% of newborns who were studied in 2 phases were found negative without risk factors but the rest of subjects had risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: According to prevalence of hearing impairment in this study which could affect infant’s verbal skill, hearing screening and efficiency evaluation of hearing screening centers in Iran seems to be necessary.
Communications in Mathematical Physics Supersymmetric QCD and Noncommutative Geometry

We derive supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics from a noncommutative manifold, using the spectral action principle of Chamseddine and Connes. After a review of the Einstein–Yang–Mills system in noncommutative geometry, we establish in full detail that it possesses supersymmetry. This noncommutative model is then extended to give a theory of quarks, squarks, gluons and gluinos by constructing a suitable noncommutative spin manifold (i.e. a spectral triple). The particles are found at their natural place in a spectral triple: the quarks and gluinos as fermions in the Hilbert space, the gluons and squarks as the (bosonic) inner fluctuations of a (generalized) Dirac operator by the algebra of matrix-valued functions on a manifold. The spectral action principle applied to this spectral triple gives the Lagrangian of supersymmetric QCD, including supersymmetry breaking (negative) mass terms for the squarks. We find that these results are in good agreement with the physics literature.