Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anthropocene Geopolitics

We now find ourselves in a new geological age: the Anthropocene. The climate is changing and species are disappearing at a rate not seen since Earth’s major extinctions. The rapid, large-scale changes caused by fossil-fuel powered globalization increasingly threaten societies in new, unforeseen ways. But most security policies continue to be built on notions that look back- ward to a time when geopolitical threats derived mainly from the rivalries of states with fixed boundaries. Instead, Anthropocene Geopolitics shows that security policy must look forward to quickly shape a sustainable world no longer dependent on fossil fuels. A future of long-term peace and geopolitical security depends on keeping the earth in conditions roughly similar to those we have known throughout history. Minimizing disruptions that would further put civilization at risk of extinction urgently requires policies that reflect new Anthropocene “planetary boundaries. ” This book is published in English. - Depuis la fin de la derniere periode glaciaire, l’humanite a transforme sa niche ecologique, modifie sa position dans l’ecosysteme, provoque des changements climatiques radicaux et affecte la diversite des especes aux quatre coins du monde, ce qui a entraine l’apparition d’une nouvelle epoque geologique, l’Anthropocene. A l’echelle planetaire, les activites humaines exercent un impact direct sur les frontieres qu’elles transforment durablement alors que ces memes frontieres ont constitue le cadre naturel dans lequel l’humanite a pu prosperer durant les dix derniers millenaires. Les changements rapides qui affectent notre systeme terrestre remettent directement en cause les anciennes hypotheses qui consideraient des frontieres stables comme le principal fondement de la souverainete. Aujourd’hui, ces postulats perimes doivent imperativement etre reevalues. Paradoxalement, la phase de mondialisation actuelle necessite une redefinition de la notion meme de frontieres stables. En effet, l’elargissement des droits de propriete et des champs de competence pourrait en fait prevenir la mise en œuvre de mesures d’adaptation efficaces visant a repondre aux enjeux du changement climatique. Garantir la survie d’une economie fondee sur la consommation de combustibles fossiles demeure a ce jour une priorite politique comme le fait de devoir faire face aux catastrophes naturelles a l’echelle mondiale – ce qui rend les objectifs de durabilite d’autant plus difficiles a atteindre dans un environnement en pleine mutation ou les rivalites politiques exacerbees faconnent la politique globale contemporaine. L’entree de la Terre dans une nouvelle epoque geologique, l’Anthropocene (l’ere de l’homme), represente un formidable defi ethique, qu’il convient de relever en etablissant une veritable politique de durabilite, et ce, au moment ou l’humanite s’engage dans la derniere phase du processus de mondialisation. Dans un tel contexte, pour etre reellement efficaces, les connaissances et les perspectives resultant des analyses academiques et des initiatives pratiques de toute nature devront etre integrees dans une vision globale. Ce livre est publie en anglais.
Electromagnetic Performance Analysis on the Novel Radial and Axial Hybrid Magnetic Bearing

In this paper, we propose a novel radial four-pole three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) with radial independent magnetic circuit. The radial control core is composed of two cores with two poles to realize the natural decoupling of the radial 2-DOF suspension force. The mathematical models of radial and axial suspension force are derived based on the equivalent magnetic circuit, and then the prototype is evaluated by three-dimensional finite element analysis. The magnetic circuits, suspension mechanism and mathematical models are verified. The research results have shown that the suspension forces in the X and Y directions decouple well and the proposed HMB has better static and dynamic performances.
Para I Famagu'on-ta: Fruit and Vegetable Intake, Food Store Environment, and Childhood Overweight/Obesity on Guam

BACKGROUND: Many studies support the influential role that the food store environment (FSE) has on children’s dietary intake and weight status. PURPOSE: To test if availability and access to fruits and vegetables (FV) in food stores is associated with prevalence of early childhood (2 – 8 years) overweight/obesity (≥85 BMI percentile) in selected communities on Guam; To test if actual FV intake of young children influences the relationship between the FSE and early childhood overweight/obesity prevalence. METHODS: FSE factors, including fresh FV score and presence of store by store type were assessed using the CX Food Availability and Marketing Survey that was amended for the Children’s Healthy Living (CHL) Program community trial and measured at baseline. Anthropometry and characteristic data of children (2 to 8 years; n=466) were collected across all communities and BMI z-scores and categories calculated using the 2000 CDC growth charts. Geographic coordinates of participant residences and food stores were obtained to construct ArcGIS maps and to calculate food store scores within 1 mile of participant residence. Food and Activity Logs (FAL) data of a sub-sample of child participants (n = 355) were collected to calculate FV and energy intakes. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression evaluated associations. RESULTS: A total of 111 stores were surveyed of which the majority was small markets (73%) and the remaining were convenience stores (16%) and large grocery/supermarkets (11%). Supermarkets and large grocery stores averaged the highest FV scores that met the standards for availability. About 1/5 and 1/10 of participants met fruit and vegetable intake recommendations, respectively, while nearly half of them exceeded recommendations for energy intake. A significant negative correlation was found between presence of small market nearest to participant residence and BMI z-score (r=0.129, p<0.05); and positive correlation found between presence of convenience store nearest to participant residence and BMI z-score (r=0.092, p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis yielded non-significant associations. CONCLUSION: High density of small markets may be an opportunity for FSE intervention but further investigations of other FSE factors with more communities are needed to understand the FSE’s influence on Guam.
A Case of Fever of Unknown Origin Following Cardiac Arrest With Diagnosis Revealed on Autopsy

CASE PRESENTATION The case is of a 76-year-old man who was transferred from an outside facility following a cardiopulmonary arrest. He carried a medical history of coronary artery disease with 4-vessel coronary artery bypass graft, mitral regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, severe myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Upon arrival, he was intubated with minimal neurologic activity, and computed tomography (CT) of the head was also consistent with diffuse anoxic brain injury. Hospital course was then complicated by ongoing recurrent fevers, which prompted a slew of diagnostic studies and empiric antimicrobial treatments. Fever was initially attributed to Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia, which was adequately treated with antibiotics and removal of central line. Fevers persisted despite adequate treatment, and subsequent blood, urine, stool, and respiratory cultures were negative. Infectious disease was consulted, and subsequent workup including serologies for histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, human immunodeficiency virus, viral hepatitis, and blood acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear and culture were all negative. Of note, he was noted to have positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) (Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Victoria, Australia), which was known prior to admission, but treatment was not initiated for presumed latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection. Given all the negative cultures, patient was recommended to be monitored off antibiotics for the majority of hospital stay. His final course of antibiotics was administered toward the end of his hospital course for presumed Klebsiella pneumoniae tracheitis. Extensive imaging studies were also performed for workup of persistent fever. Multiple chest x-rays, hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan, abdominal ultrasound, and tagged white blood cell scan were all negative. Noncontrast CT of the sinus, chest, abdomen, and pelvis were significant for mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy but were otherwise unremarkable (Fig. 1). Further workup of this adenopathy was deferred given the patient's grave clinical condition. Patient was also noted to have worsening pancytopenia, but subsequent bone marrow biopsy was simply consistent with his underlying MDS. Of note, bacterial, fungal, and anaerobic cultures and AFB smear from the marrow were all negative.
Extracellular Vesicles Support the Survival of Serum-dependent cells in vitro

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 30-150 nm in diameter and are released by cells into the extracellular environment. They facilitate intercellular communication and may be involved in cell survival. Although serum-dependent cells are not obviously affected by depletion of EVs from the serum, we previously reported that cells in serum that contain EVs were more resistant to the drugs, enoxacin and bis-enoxacin, compared to cells in serum without EVs. This change in resistance led us to examine whether EVs are sufficient to maintain serum dependent cells in vitro. Here, we tested the effect of EVs on the survival RAW 264.7 cells and on 4T1 murine breast cancer cells. EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation. EVs were counted over various time periods. Cells were grown in alpha or Dulbecco’s minimal essential media supplemented with FBS, EVs from various sources, or with no supplements. Cell growth was determined by cell counts. In media without supplementation, the RAW 264.7 cells and 4T1 cells died by three days. Media supplemented with EVs from FBS allowed the cells to survive in the absence of FBS for one week or more. Being able to perform experiments on cells supported by EVs will simplify the interpretation of experiments. Efforts are underway to determine their mechanism by which EVs support cell survival.
Identification of Pure and Adulterated Honey Using Two Spectroscopic Methods

Honey is a natural sweet substance which is often mixed with other liquids for health purposes or as a sugar substitute in variety of food. Due to high commercial profit, many fraudulent acts have been around to add other substances to pure honeys. This study used two spectroscopic methods which are the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to differentiate pure and corn syrup adulterated honeys based on sugar content. LIF used a 405 nm diode laser as the excitation laser. Samples of 27 were prepared for this study. They composed of 15 pure honey and 2 non honeys, and 10 adulterated honeys which we coded from A to Q. Non honey samples were pure date syrup and corn syrup which coded as K and L. The sugar contents were measured manually using a brix refractometer which resulted the honey sugar contents range of 69.5 % to 78 %. The peak wavelengths observed range from There is R2 = 0.80 correlation between peak wavelength of fluorescence colours to sugar contents. The results showed that the peak wavelengths range from 490.9 nm to 641.3 nm. LIF was able to differentiate between the pure honeys than the adulterated or mixed ingredient honeys except for sample C. The differences of FTIR spectrums were shown by honey samples which was not given corn syrup adulteration, where the difference begins to be seen clearly at the wave number range 1150 cm−1 to 650 cm−1.
Videojuegos comerciales en la rehabilitación de pacientes con ictus subagudo: estudio piloto

Introduccion. El ictus genera dependencia por los numerosos deficits asociados. El uso de tecnologias de bajo coste para la rehabilitacion neurologica podria ser beneficioso para el tratamiento de estos pacientes. Objetivo. Determinar si el tratamiento combinado mediante un protocolo con realidad virtual semiinmersiva, junto con un abordaje rehabilitador interdisciplinar, mejora el equilibrio y el control postural, la independencia funcional, la calidad de vida, la motivacion, la autoestima y la adhesion a la intervencion en pacientes que han sufrido un ictus en fase subaguda. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio piloto prospectivo longitudinal con valoracion pre y postintervencion. Se seleccionaron 14 participantes ingresados en el Hospital La Fuenfria. La intervencion experimental se realizo durante ocho semanas en combinacion con el tratamiento convencional de fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional. Cada sesion fue incrementandose en tiempo-intensidad y requerimientos motores mediante videojuegos comerciales vinculados a la videoconsola Xbox 360° y el dispositivo Kinect. Resultados. Se obtuvieron mejorias estadisticamente significativas en la escala de Rankin modificada (p = 0,04), baropodometria (distribucion de carga, p = 0,03; superficie de apoyo, p = 0,01), indice de Barthel (p = 0,01), cuestionario EuroQoL 5D (p = 0,01), motivacion (p = 0,02), autoestima (p = 0,01) y adhesion a la intervencion (p = 0,02). Conclusiones. El abordaje rehabilitador complementado con realidad virtual semiinmersiva parece ser util para mejorar el equilibrio y el control postural, la independencia funcional en las actividades basicas de la vida diaria, la calidad de vida, asi como la motivacion y la autoestima, con excelente adhesion a las intervenciones, por lo que podria constituir una herramienta terapeutica coadyuvante en la rehabilitacion neurologica del ictus en fase subaguda.
High‐accuracy absolute positioning for the stationary planetary rover by integrating the star sensor and inclinometer

In this paper, we introduce a novel method for the high‐accuracy absolute position determination for planetary rovers using the star sensor and inclinometer. We describe the star sensor and inclinometer model and the alignment method for the two sensors. We deduce the compensation algorithm for the atmosphere refraction correction error in detail and provide the rover's position solution, which effectively eliminates the tilt correction error. The experimental site and hardware configuration are introduced, and the experimental steps for the one‐time positioning are described. Three field tests on Earth indicate that the accuracy of the one‐time positioning is higher than 40 m (1σ) using 8 star images and relative inclinometer measurements. Multiple positionings in one night can improve the accuracy to approximately 15 m.
Investigating the Neurofunctional Bases of Reading in the Spanish-English Bilingual Brain

Dual-language use from early stages in life is the experience of over half of the world’s population. This experience is becoming more prevalent worldwide, even in countries that predominantly use one language as the official method of communication. Yet, little is known about whether this lifelong experience with two languages rather than one modulates the neurofunctional foundations that support language, including written language. Of particular interest from the perspectives of neurodevelopment and learning is to better understand the functional brain bases of reading in the context of bilingualism and biliteracy. Specifically, while there has been substantial research into characterizing the brain regions involved in reading, this work has largely been limited to monolinguals. These studies have shown that word reading is predominantly supported by a functional brain system formed by the occipito-temporal, temporo-parietal, and inferior frontal cortices in the left hemisphere. Further, some studies have shown that activity in these areas is modulated by language experience, specifically bilingual versus monolingual backgrounds; and, other studies have focused on the influence of languages with different orthographic depth. Therefore, the first study examined whether bilingual experience modulates the brain system for English word reading, by comparing bilinguals to monolinguals. The second study addressed whether English versus Spanish word reading, given their differences in orthographic depth, rely
Pest categorisation of Anthonomus bisignifer

Abstract The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the strawberry blossom weevil, Anthonomus bisignifer Schenkling, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), for the EU. Anthonomus bisignifer is a well‐defined and distinguishable species, recognised as an occasional pest of strawberry (Fragaria) fruit production in Japan where it is also feeds on Rubus and Rosa spp. Adults clip developing buds, preventing fruit development and reducing yield. Losses are variable and are likely to depend on the cultivars attacked. Severe damage to Fragaria spp. has been reported but is rare. Flowers of ornamental garden Rosa spp. are more commonly damaged. Anthonomus bisignifer is not known to occur in the EU. A. bisignifer is listed in Annex IIAI of Council Directive 2000/29/EC. Host plants for planting could provide a pathway although only a few non‐EU countries can export Fragaria plants for planting to the EU and A. bisignifer is not known to occur in any of them. However, Rubus and Rosa plants for planting could provide a potential pathway to introduce A. bisignifer. Considering climatic similarities of the region where A. bisignifer occurs and where hosts occur in the EU, A. bisignifer has the potential to establish within the EU. There would be one generation per year, as in Japan. Impacts could be expected on field grown and protected Fragaria, field grown Rubus and garden Rosa spp. There is uncertainty regarding which other hosts exist within Rosaceae, hence impacts could potentially be seen on other species too. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of introduction of A. bisignifer. All criteria assessed by EFSA for consideration as a potential Union quarantine pest are met. As A. bisignifer is not known to occur in the EU, this criterion assessed by EFSA to consider it as a Union regulated non‐quarantine pest is not met.
Investment Under Uncertainty: Do Firm Boundaries Matter?

We examine how firms’ vertical structure affects investment under output price uncertainty. Exploiting a unique industrial organization in the oil exploration and production industry, where certain producers vertically integrate into downstream segments, we find that these integrated producers cut investments significantly more than do standalone producers under exogenous oil price uncertainty shocks. This finding is consistent with a real option model of investment, where a higher level of capital irreversibility amplifies the uncertainty effects on actual investment. We demonstrate that our results cannot be explained by intersegment investment transfer or financial constraints.
Outcome of Management of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: National Cancer Institute Experience

Background: The current treatment for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) consists of radical cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Aim: To assess PMP patients regarding the clinical and pathological characteristics, the treatment including surgery (CRS) and chemotherapy either HIPEC type or post-operative systemic chemotherapy aiming to evaluate end results regarding recurrence and survival. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 39 patients with PMP who were diagnosed, treated and followed-up from 2009-2014 at National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. Results: High grade mucinous adenocarcinoma was found in 23.1% of patients. Patients with low grade tumor showed higher survival rate compared with patients with high grade disease. The mean operative PCI score (peritoneal cancer index) that was done to all patients who were explored was 15.81. Our study reported success to achieve complete cytoreduction that was combined with HIPEC in 44% of patients who were planned for this modality. Treatment related postoperative grade (3 - 5) complications mainly surgery related developed in 17.3 of patients. Operative mortality was 22.2%. The follow up period in our study was quite short (mean 22.9). However the overall survival at the end of the follow up in our study was 48.7%, 1 year survival was 82%, and 2 year survival was 41%. The overall survival in patients treated with CRS and HIPEC was 66.6%, with 1 year and 2 year survival of 91% and 66.6% respectively. Only 2 patients developed recurrent disease during the follow up period. Conclusions: The outcome of PMP treatment process is extremely variable. Combined CRS and HIPEC is considered the best therapeutic approach for patients with PMP. Surgical experience combined with proper patient selection have to be built up together to improve the outcome. That could only be achieved through more centralization of patients’ treatment in specialized units or center.
Metadiscourse Use in Popular and Professional Science: The Case of Hedges and Boosters

The present article shows that all scientific texts included in journals, magazines, and newspapers are vulnerable to the penetration of hedges and boosters. However, it was found that scientific texts in the three corpora tended to open up the possibilities of alternative voices rather than narrowing them down. The relatively higher frequency of occurrence of hedges in comparison with boosters indicates that regardless of whether the audience is expert or non-expert, their voices are seen as respected in the scientific texts. Similarly, boosters as means of narrowing down the alternative positions and developing a strong and certain authorial voices are equally disfavored in both expert and popularized scientific texts. Despite this similar pattern of the use of hedges and boosters in the investigated corpora, the means to achieve the mentioned objectives slightly differed and the informal style of language use dominating popular genres influenced the textual realizations of such functions.
Spatial distribution pattern of European hake, Merluccius merluccius (Pisces: Merlucciidae), in the Mediterranean Sea

The present study provides updated information on the occurrence, abundance and biomass distribution patterns and length frequencies of Merluccius merluccius in the Mediterranean Sea, by analysing a time series of data from the Mediterranean International Trawl Surveys (MEDITS) from 1994 to 2015. The highest values of abundance and biomass were observed in the Sardinian Seas. The use of a generalized additive model, in which standardized biomass indices (kg km–2) were analysed as a function of environmental variables, explained how ecological factors could affect the spatio-temporal distribution of European hake biomass in the basin. High biomass levels predicted by the model were observed especially at 200 m depth and between 14°C and 18°C, highlighting the preference of the species for colder waters. A strong reduction of biomass was observed since the year 2009, probably due to the strengthening of the seasonal thermocline that had greatly reduced the availability of food. The general decrease in biomass of several stocks of anchovy and sardine, preys of European hake, might be indirectly connected to the decreasing biomass detected in the present study. The length analysis shows median values lower than 200 mm total length of most of the investigated areas.
Physician EMR Adoption in an Academic Setting

Mark Hulse, Chief Information Officer at Moffitt Cancer Center wondered out loud as he stared at the results of the survey used to determine organizational readiness for change. Much about this implementation seemed to be different from his prior experiences: the academic setting, the physician led leadership structure, the regulatory requirements driving change, and the government incentives to reduce the financial burden of implementation.