A study on level of aspiration subjective well_being and human values among sports persons

INTRODUCTION The twenty first century has seen a number of changes in various fields as against the traditional practices prevalent in the past. To Iceep pace with the fast and vast changes that are taking place in the various disciplines, there is tremendous demand and responsibility cast on training systems to meet the challenges of preparing men and women to achieve tasks with success and excellence. Participation in modem sports is influenced by various physical, physiological, sociological and psychological factors. During training, besides good physique and physical fitness of the athlete, emphasis is also laid on the development of various types of motor skills involved in a game, as well as on teaching the strategies, techniques and tactics of that game. Until recently, the coaches have been paying inadequate attention to the social and psychological factors which have been proved to contribute to performance in the higher competitive sports. It is only recently that sports administrators and coaches have realized the importance of psychological preparation and training of players to enable them to bear the strain and stresses inherent in sports participation. So now sports trainer and coaches have started giving more importance to psychological conditioning or 1. To find out the difference in level of aspiration among sportspersons. 2. To find out the difference in subjective well being among sportspersons. 3. To find out the difference in human values among sportspersons. HYPOTHESES On the basis of objectives the following hypotheses have been formulated: 1. University level players should score better on level of aspiration scale than College level players. 2. University level players should score higher on subjective well being than College level players. 3. University level players should score higher on human values than College level players. 4. University and College level female players should score significantly different on level of aspiration. 5. University and College level female players should score significantly different on subjective well being. 6. University and College level female players should score significantly different on human values. building the mental makeup of the players before their performance in the national and international competitions. The significance of psychological factors for exploring performance has been forcefully advocated by many experts (Singer and Kane 1975; Mein 1973; Broake and Whiting 1975; Bucl; 1995). They suggest that an individual is affected not merely by his physical, technical & tactical qualities but also by his their psychological make up. In recent years sports performance is not simply a matter of basic skill, rather it is a cast of variable influences, such as general aspiration subjective well being and human nature which determines abilities and maximize etiological peaking which are presently emphasized for attaining high performance. Statement of the Problem The problem undertaken for the present thesis is stated as a study of level of aspiration, subjective well being and human values among sportspersons. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of the proposed study are as fallows: 7. University and College level male players should score significantly different on level of aspiration. 8. University and College level male players should score significantly different on subjective well being. 9. University and college level male players should score significantly different on human values. LIMITATIONS 1. The response of the subjects to the questionnaire might not be honest in all case and this was recognized as a limitation. 2. The general mood and environment factor at the time of responding to the questionnaire would affect the response of the subject and this was also recognized as a limitation. 3. The limitation of time and economic constraints were considered as another limitation of the study. 4. No sophisticated apparatus or equipment was used. DE-LIMITATION: The study was delimited to male and female sportspersons at College level and a university level of northern U.P. only. The samples have not been taken from all the stadiums and institutions of northern Uttar Pradesh, rather from institutions that have been selected randomly. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: 1. The study aims to understand the difference between level of aspiration, subjective well being and human values among sportspersons. 2. The study helps in examining the relative difference in level of aspiration, subjective well being and human values among the University and College level female players of different games and sports. 3. The study helps in diagnosing the relative difference in level of aspiration, subjective well being and human values among University and College level players of various games and sports. METHODOLOGY: For this thesis random sampling method was used for the collection of data. An attempt has been made to find the difference between psychological variable, of different games. The study was conducted on three hundred University and College level players in approximately equal ratio of male and female of Northern UP. 1 Data was collected through questionnaires. 2 Level of aspiration was measured by using scale developed by Dr. H.M. Singh and Dr. Govind Tiwari (1976). 3 Subjective well being was measured by using the SWLS developed by Diener, Emnons, Larsem and Griffin (1985). 4 Human values were measured by using the scale developed by Shery(1973). DATA ANALYSIS Data was analyzed with the help of student t-test to determine the significance of difference between the mean scores of University and College level players of different games. CONCLUSIONS, SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the critical inferences drawn form the chapter number IV we can conclude that: 1. There is significant difference between University and College level sportspersons in terms of level of aspiration. 2. There is no significant difference on the Subjective well-being between University and College level sportspersons. 3. There is no significant difference between University and College Sportspersons on religious, social, democratic, aesthetic, economic, hedonistic, power, family prestige and health values. However significant difference can be found between University and College level players in terms of knowledge value. 4. There is no significant difference in the score of level of aspiration between University and College level female hockey players. 5. There is no significant difference on the score of Subjective wellbeing between University and College level female hockey players. 6. It was found that there is no significant difference on the values among University and College level female hockey players. 7. There is no significant difference in the level of aspiration between University and College level female cricket players. 8. There is no significant difference in the Subjective well-being between University and College level female cricket players. 9. There is significant difference between female cricket players of University and College level in knowledge value, whereas there is no significant difference in the other values like religious, Social, democratic, aesthetic, economic, hedonistic, power, family prestige and health. 10.No significant difference lies in the level of aspiration between University and College level female kabaddi players 11.There is no significant difference in the subjective well being between University and College level female kabaddi players. 12.University and College level female kabaddi players do not have any significant difference on religious, social, democratic aesthetic, economic hedonistic, power, family prestige and health values. 13.There is no significant difference in the level of aspiration between University and College level female swimmers. 14.University and College level female swimmers do not differ significantly on Subjective well-being. 15.University and College level female swimmers do not have any significant difference in tenns of religious, social, democratic, aesthetic, economic, knowledge, hedonistic and family prestige values. But significant difference exists between University and College level female swimmers on power and health value. 16.There is no significant difference on the variable of level of aspiration between University and College level female volley ball players. 17.There is no significant difference in the Subjective well-being between University and College level female volley ball players. 18.Female volleyball players of University and College level do not have significant difference in terms of religious, social, democratic, aesthetic, economic, knowledge, hedonistic, power and health values. However, significant difference exists between University and College level female volley ball players in terms of family prestige value. 19.There is a significant difference between University and College level female cricket players on the variable of aspiration level. 20.There is no significant difference in Subjective well-being between University and College level male cricket players. 21.There is a significant difference between University and College level cricketers on knowledge value, but no significant difference can be found in terms of religious, social, democratic, aesthetic, economic, hedonistic, power, family prestige and health values. 22.There is no significant difference in the score of University and College level male hockey players on the variable of level of aspiration. 23.There is no significant difference on Subjective well-being between University and College level male hockey players. 24.There is no significant difference between University and College level male hockey players on religious, social, democratic aesthetic, economic hedonistic, power, family prestige and health values. 25.There is no significant difference in the level of aspiration bet