Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Impact of Prechemotherapy Serum Levels of HER2, CA125, and HE4 in Ovarian Cancer Patients

Objective: Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) has attracted a lot of interest as a relatively novel biomarker for ovarian carcinoma. Research focus has been directed at HE4 as a diagnostic tool with potential for better triage of women with adnexal masses but the prognostic aspect of HE4 in ovarian cancer patients remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of prechemotherapy serum HER2, cancer antigen 125 (CA125), and HE4 levels in ovarian cancer patients receiving standard combination chemotherapy. Methods: Serum from 139 patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer was analyzed for HER2, CA125, and HE4 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assays. Samples were collected just before first-line chemotherapy, and all patients were treated with carboplatin-paclitaxel combination chemotherapy. Results: Increasing levels of serum HE4 (grouped into quartiles) was significantly associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P < 10−5) and overall survival (P < 10−5). After adjustment in the Cox model, HE4 serum levels remained an independent prognostic parameter for PFS, with a hazard ratio of 1.77 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.04; P = 0.040) for patients with HE4 levels above the median compared with patients with HE4 levels below the median. The shorter PFS for patients with high levels of HE4 also translated into an independent significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.17 [95% confidence interval, 1.41-7.10]; P = 0.005). Serum HER2 and CA125 levels did not demonstrate an independent prognostic value. Conclusions: High levels of serum HE4 is a strong and independent indicator of worse prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
Formation of Cultural Competitive Force When Doing Business in China

With the globalization of world business, China has become an appealing market for foreign investors. The problem of cross-cultural management arises as the cooperation between China and its culturally different Western partners continues to increase at an unprecedented rate. This paper presents an understanding on the general cultural differences between the west and China by applying the cultural dimensions of Hofstede and Bond. The author points out that the all-round impact of cultural difference over transnational operation of enterprises affects not only the cooperative strategy, but also the operation and management. It is only through cross-culture communication and management that enterprises can establish good reputation and attain success in its operation. Culture is one of the decisive factors for the success of operation. To realize cross-culture effective management, we must consider solving cultural conflict as the key. In the process of the management, we must pay more attention to the influences of cultural difference on the market choice, product service, entrance mode and system cost, and accordingly formulate a correct strategy, ignore and reduce the cultural difference, or adapt and make use of it. As economic globalization is driving cultural globalization, the culture in the multinational corporation will fuse gradually from differences.
Respect Redefined: Focus Group Insights from Singapore

This article re-examines the meaning of the concept of respect within the context of a fast modernizing Asian multicultural society—Singapore. Two key findings emerge. First, the meaning of respect both from the perspective of the aged and the middle-aged generation has shifted from obedience to courteous behavior. Second, in the majority of focus groups members concurred that the degree of respect accorded to elders has in general decreased. The focus group methodology was used in this research. Bearing in mind the limited sample size (88 participants) these findings alert us to the need for social scientists to monitor perceptual shifts in meaning of concepts critical in the sphere of interpersonal relationships. The findings throw light on the subjective views of intergenerational relations within the family as well as the community. As such, they would be valuable to counselors, social workers, and family therapists.
Mise en œuvre d'une base de données graphe pour l'analyse des logs de requêtes en recherche d'information

The work presented in this paper makes use of graph-oriented database to study users’ query reformulations using a search engine. Our goal is to extract query reformulation patterns for further linguistic analysis. The log of connections we use is an extract of the one from a search engine associated with a digital library (Revue.org). After having extracted search sessions, we have defined several types of links that can be extracted from reformulations and created a graph-oriented database with the data. We then analyze these relationships to learn from the structure of the obtained graph. MOTS-CLÉS : Base de données orientée graphe, Recherche d’information, Reformulation de requêtes, Analyse de logs de connexion, Visualisation graphique.
Variability in traces of Middle Pleistocene hominid behavior in the Kapthurin Formation , Baringo , Kenya

New research in the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya, suggests a greater degree of variability in hominid behavior during the late Middle Pleistocene than has previously been suspected. The Middle Pleistocene commences with the shift from reversed to normal magnetic polarity at about 780 ka, and ends at the beginning of the last interglacial, at approximately 130 ka (Butzer & Isaac, 1975; Imbrie & Imbrie, 1980; Berger et al., 1984; Martinson et al., 1987; Cande & Kent, 1992; Baksi et al., 1992). Homo erectus was replaced in Africa around 500 ka by hominids termed archaic Homo sapiens. Anatomically modern H. sapiens is represented by fossil evidence dating to ca. 130 ka from East Africa and by fossils dating to at least 90 ka from South Africa (Day & Stringer, 1982; Stringer & Andrews, 1988; Grün & Stringer, 1991; Foley & Lahr, 1992; Deacon, 1993). Statistical principles suggest that known age range is in part a function of sample size, and it has been empirically demonstrated that expanded sample sizes can affect first and last appearance data for both vertebrate and invertebrate fossil taxa, including hominoids (Strauss & Sadler, 1989; Marshall, 1990; Springer, 1990; Hill, 1987; Flynn et al., 1995). Due to the extremely small size of the early anatomically modern H. sapiens sample, it is unlikely that the dates of 130 ka or 90 ka represent the true first appearance of modern humans in Africa. Evidence for the processes leading to the last major event in human evolution, the origin of modern humans, must therefore be sought in the late Middle Pleistocene. A conspicuous late Middle Pleistocene archaeological event in Africa is the end of the Earlier Stone Age (ESA) and the beginning of the Middle Stone Age (MSA). The ESA Acheulian industry disappeared, giving way to more diverse MSA traditions. K–Ar dates at the site of Gaddemotte, Ethiopia, indicating that the MSA occurrence there may be as old as 180 ka (Wendorf et al., 1975) have been widely cited, although it is possible that the MSA has even greater antiquity (Evernden & Curtis, 1965). The Kapthurin Formation itself provides one of the few reliable datum points for the age of the terminal Acheulian. Here late Acheulian artefacts are capped by a tuff dated by K–Ar to 240–250 ka (Tallon, 1978). Because stone tools are the products of hominid behavior, examining the shift from Acheulian to MSA technology is useful in showing how hominid adaptations changed
A molecular breadboard: Removal and replacement of subunits in a hepatitis B virus capsid

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein is a model system for studying assembly and disassembly of icosahedral structures. Controlling disassembly will allow re‐engineering the 120 subunit HBV capsid, making it a molecular breadboard. We examined removal of subunits from partially crosslinked capsids to form stable incomplete particles. To characterize incomplete capsids, we used two single molecule techniques, resistive‐pulse sensing and charge detection mass spectrometry. We expected to find a binomial distribution of capsid fragments. Instead, we found a preponderance of 3 MDa complexes (90 subunits) and no fragments smaller than 3 MDa. We also found 90‐mers in the disassembly of uncrosslinked HBV capsids. 90‐mers seem to be a common pause point in disassembly reactions. Partly explaining this result, graph theory simulations have showed a threshold for capsid stability between 80 and 90 subunits. To test a molecular breadboard concept, we showed that missing subunits could be refilled resulting in chimeric, 120 subunit particles. This result may be a means of assembling unique capsids with functional decorations.
Effect of cell-density on in-vitro dopaminergic differentiation of mesencephalic precursor cells

Neural precursor cells isolated from early embryonic mesencephalon are in-vitro expanded and differentiated toward dopamine neurons. However, conditions for controlled conversion of the precursors into dopamine neurons largely remained to be determined. We here examined the effects of plating cell density and duration of in-vitro cell expansion on the precursors-derived dopamine differentiation. The yield of dopamine neurons from cultured mesencephalic precursors was greater when the cells were initially plated at higher density. Soluble factors secreted from the precursors appeared to be responsible for the cell density effect. We further demonstrated that the dopamine differentiation potential of the precursors was lost after a long-term cell expansion. Therefore, in order to attain high percentage of dopamine neuron population in mesencephalic precursor cultures, cultures need to be seeded at high cell density and to be expanded for a short period of time.
Fluorescence spectra of nucleoside-hydrocarbon adducts formed in mouse skin treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.

Hydrolysates of DNA that had been isolated from mouse skin treated with 3H-labelled 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) were subjected to chromatography on Sephadex LH20 columns and 3H-labelled products that eluted in the region expected for nucleoside-hydrocarbon adducts were purified further by high pressure liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.). The fluorescence spectra of three major products that were resolved by this method were determined using photoncounting spectrophotofluorimetry. The fluorescence spectra of all three products were anthracene-like and similar to the spectra of nucleoside-hydrocarbon adducts obtained from DNA that was incubated with 3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene 1,2-oxide (DMBA-3,4-diol 1,2-oxide). This is consistent with the idea that the metabolic activation of DMBA in mouse skin occurs through the formation of 'bayregion' diol-epoxides in the 1,2,3,4-ring.
Property of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Derived From Bone Fragments Removed in Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy

AbstractBone tissue engineering is in the process of making the shift from bench to bed. Organ as a cell source is important for tissue engineering. The appropriate cells should be harvested without invasiveness and ethical problems. The authors focused on mandibular cortex bone fragments removed in sagittal split ramus osteotomy as a cell source for bone tissue engineering. These bone fragments were discarded after surgery until now. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were harvested from inside of bone fragments, which is an endosteal region. Endosteal region is known to be a hematopoietic stem cell niche and harbors osteoblasts, preosteoblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Bone marrow stromal cells could be cultured easily, and grew rapidly in vitro under ordinary serum-supplemented culture condition. The expression pattern of surface markers of BMSCs was the same as that of MSCs. Bone marrow stromal cells could differentiated into multiple mesenchymal lineages (osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and smooth muscle cells). These results indicated the existence of MSCs in BMSCs. The osteoblastic characters of BMSCs were examined more closely. Bone marrow stromal cells showed a high alkaline phosphatase activity, and expressed osteoblastic markers (PTHr, bone sialoprotein, Type I collagen, Rnut-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin). In transplantation experiments, BMSCs generated ectopic bone tissues on the border of hydroxyapatite scaffold without osteogenic differentiation-inducing agents such as dexamethasone (Dex) or bone morphogenetic protein. The results of this study suggest that mandibular cortex bone fragments removed in sagittal split ramus osteotomy are a good cell source for bone tissue engineering.
Title Two-step routing for dynamic traffic protection in WDM networkswith wavelength continuity constraint

Capacity efficiency is a key issue in designing survivable Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks. In this paper, we propose a two-step routing algorithm for dynamic lightpath protection in a WDM mesh network that is subject to wavelength continuity constraint. In other words, upon each call arrival a pair of link-disjoint active and backup lightpaths is to be found for carrying the call. To enhance the capacity efficiency, the resources on the backup lightpath can be shared for protecting different active lightpaths. Owing to the very different natures of active and backup lightpaths, active lightpath is found using the widest-shortest path (WSP) routing and backup lightpath is found using the shortest-widest path (SWP) routing. A distinct feature of our design is that we require both active and backup lightpaths of a call to use the same wavelength. Two major advantages of this feature are: a) source node can use the same laser for both active and backup lightpaths, and b) the scalability issue related to route advertisement is solved. As compared with some existing schemes, we show that our two-step routing algorithm yields noticeably higher capacity efficiency and lower call blocking probability. Keywords-Two-step routing; dynamic traffic protection; wavelength continuity constraint.
Going away from the “protocol culture”: innovation, complexity and the need for a culture of variety

The paper starts with the largely accepted definition of culture as set of experiences or life practices and values. After criticizing the “culture of the protocol”, the paper develops a concept antithetical to it: the culture of variety, seen as the necessary richness of the values endowment of the organizations that want to innovate and survive in complex contexts. The paper is framed in the Viable System Approach (VSA). According to the VSA, information variety is articulated in three dimensions: informative units, interpretative schemes, and values. The last one is just the cultural dimension and its nature (rich or poor in variety) deeply influences the cognitive capability of a system (individual or organization) in promoting, accepting, or refusing the change. The VSA proposal linking information variety to values is new and it could lead to original insight in understanding the role of cultural values in promoting (or impeding) innovation in complex environment. or share: meanings, assumptions, cognitive frame, norms, values, and nowledge.
Interspecies recombination between the penA genes of Neisseria meningitidis and commensal Neisseria species during the emergence of penicillin resistance in N. meningitidis: natural events and laboratory simulation

The penicillin-binding protein 2 genes (penA) of penicillin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis have a mosaic structure that has arisen by the introduction of regions from the penA genes of Neisseria flavescens or Neisseria cinerea. Chromosomal DNA from both N. cinerea and N. flavescens could transform a penicillin-susceptible isolate of N. meningitidis to increased resistance to penicillin. With N. flavescens DNA, transformation to resistance was accompanied by the introduction of the N. flavescens penA gene, providing a laboratory demonstration of the interspecies recombinational events that we believe underlie the development of penicillin resistance in many meningococci in nature. Surprisingly, with N. cinerea DNA, the penicillin-resistant transformants did not obtain the N. cinerea penA gene. However, the region of the penA gene derived from N. cinerea in N. meningitidis K196 contained an extra codon (Asp-345A) which was not found in any of the four N. cinerea isolates that we examined and which is known to result in a decrease in the affinity of PBP 2 in gonococci.
On the extension of the hybrid minimum principle to Riemannian manifolds

This paper provides a geometrical derivation of the Hybrid Minimum Principle (HMP) for autonomous hybrid systems on Riemannian manifolds. The analysis is expressed in terms of extremal trajectories on the cotangent bundle of the manifold state space. In the case of autonomous hybrid systems, switching manifolds are defined as smooth embedded submanifolds of the state manifold. The HMP results are obtained in the case of time invariant switching manifolds on Riemannian manifolds.
Context-awareness in wireless and mobile computing revisited to embrace social networking

The inherent context-awareness properties of pervasive computing and the need for efficient user profiling and location information management quickly made it obvious that context management would become a top priority requirement in telecommunications service platforms. What we now call social networking was "born" around the early-mid `00s, a time when the first context management models and frameworks were being designed for the market. While the world was developing the first context management systems, social networking was growing fast; so fast in fact that no one can afford to ignore it any more. The introduction of smartphones into the global telecommunications market enabled social networking to actually change the way people lived, the way they communicated, and their habits. Information and Communication Technologies research has started taking this new reality very seriously and numerous initiatives have invested in relevant projects, in order to explore all social networking aspects and incorporate its logic in the lowest architectural layers. This article presents a short historical review of the evolution of various aspects of context management in pervasive computing systems, it revisits the earlier models, in order to put community context where it belongs, it presents a context management architecture that is suitable for pervasive services combined with social networking and explores its added value for users all over the world.
In vitro fatigue and fracture strength testing of one-piece zirconia implant abutments and zirconia implant abutments connected to titanium cores.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the fatigue and fracture strength of zirconia implant abutments connected to titanium cores (ZrTi) and one-piece zirconia implant abutments (Zr). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two implants were secured into epoxy resin blocks and connected with abutments. Eight specimens of each group (Zr with a diameter of 3.75 mm [Zr3.75] or 5.5 mm [Zr5.5] and ZrTi with a diameter of 3.75 mm [ZrTi3.75] or 5.5 mm [ZrTi5.5]) were thermally cycled from 5°C to 55°C and loaded with 100,000 cycles at 120 N at 30 degrees off-axis. All specimens were then tested for fracture resistance using a compressive load at 30 degrees off-axis. RESULTS Abutment fracture or screw loosening was not observed during thermal cycling and cyclic loading. The median fracture resistance values and standard deviations were 526 N (± 32 N) for group Zr3.75, 1,241 N (± 269 N) for group ZrTi3.75, 1,894 N (± 137 N) for group Zr5.5, and 2,225 N (± 63 N) for group ZrTi5.5. Statistically significant differences in fracture strength were found between Zr and ZrTi for each implant diameter. CONCLUSIONS Zirconia implant abutments connected to titanium cores showed higher fracture strength compared to one-piece zirconia abutments. Hence, they might be preferable for clinical use.
Model dwumianowy w ocenie efektywności budowy farmy wiatrowej

b udowa farmy wiatrowej w Polsce stanowi czasoi kapitałochłonny projekt inwestycyjno-organizacyjny, obarczony wysokim ryzykiem specyficznym i rynkowym, dlatego jego realizacja powinna być poprzedzona rzetelną oceną efektywności. Dokonanie takiej oceny stanowi problem metodologiczny i praktyczny. Wymaga określenia sposobu mierzenia opłacalności wielofazowej inwestycji rzeczowej, która może być przerwana po każdym z etapów, a której przychody pojawiają się dopiero po zakończeniu całości prac i zależą zarówno od warunków rynkowych, jak i od rezultatów poszczególnych etapów. Możliwość dokonywania oceny opłacalności tego rodzaju przedsięwzięć za pomocą metod dyskontowych jest ograniczona. W artykule zaproponowano uzupełnienie oceny o metodę wyceny opcji rzeczowych, zaadaptowaną z rynku finansowego [Ziarkowski, 2004; Wiśniewski, 2008; Trigeorgis, 1996]. Celem publikacji jest analiza zastosowalności modelu dwumianowego do oceny efektywności projektów inwestycyjnych w obszarze energetyki wiatrowej. W artykule postawiono hipotezę, że metoda wyceny opcji rzeczowych może zostać wykorzystana w celu konceptualizacji oraz kwantyfikacji wartości wynikającej z aktywnego zarządzania procesem inwestycyjnym. Do weryfikacji posłużono się studium przypadku budowy farmy wiatrowej. W pierwszym kroku scharakteryzowano proces realizacyjny, wyznaczono wartość składników rachunku ekonomicznego oraz zidentyfikowano kluczowe czynniki ryzyka. Następnie zaprezentowano mechanizm, który w oparciu o wykazane podobieństwa o charakterze izomorficznym umożliwia przełożenie składników inwestycji rzeczowej na kategorie odpowiednie dla opcji finansowych. Za jego pomocą realizacja farmy wiatrowej została wyrażona w postaci zakupu opcji kupna, wystawianej na wartość projektu. W ostatnim kroku dokonano oceny opłacalności inwestycji, wyceniając opcje z wykorzystaniem modelu dwumianowego. Rezultaty zinterpretowano i omówiono.
The Difference of Market Reaction Before and After IFRS Application Manufacturing and Financial Services that go Public in Indonesian Stock Exchange

This research aims to provide evidence on whether there is a difference of market reaction before and after the implementation of IFRS in the manufacturing and financial services company that go public on the Stock Exchange. This study uses stock returns and abnormal returns as a proxy for the market's reaction. This study population is a public company manufacturing and the financial services on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period before and after the implementation of IFRS (2011 and 2012). The research sample used 124 manufacturing companies and 63 financial services companies. The sampling was using judgment sampling method and data analysis using different test with a non-parametric test (Wilcoxon test). The results showed that there are different market based on the reaction of abnormal return and stock return between before to after the implementation of IFRS for manufacturing companies, however, there is no difference of market reaction is based on cumulative abnormal returns and stock returns between before to after the implementation of IFRS on financial services companies.
Governance and the Open Source Repository

Open source continues to make inroads into the corporate environment where it is now a standard embraced by most of the top tier corporations in America (Ferris, 2003). Applications like Apache and Linux have been phenomenally successful in providing real business value (Garvert, Gurbani, & Herbsleb, 2005). However, further research is needed in how organizations should govern the open source environment which requires more than the indemnifi cation of the product. Open source governance requires the establishment of architectural standards that each and every group can adhere to in order to deliver bottom ABSTRACT