Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF BENEFICIARY AND NON-BENEFICIARY FOOD CROP FARMERS OF BANK OF AGRICULTURE IN OGUN STATE , NIGERIA

This study compared the technical efficiency of beneficiary and non-beneficiary food crop farmers of Bank of Agriculture in Ogun State. Samples of 240 food crop farmers collected in a multistage sampling process were used for the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, probit regression analysis and stochastic frontier analysis. The findings revealed that loan beneficiary food crop farmers had more experienced than the non-beneficiaries. The probit regression result revealed that age, years of formal education and farming experience increase the likelihood of loan acquisition among food crop farmers but the likelihood decreases as the farmers grow older. The stochastic frontier production function revealed that farm output increases with farm size, and planting material but decreases with farm labour and fertilizer. Labour and fertilizer are over-utilized among the food crop farmers. Education, extension service and loan increase the technical efficiency of the farmers. The mean technical efficiency of 86 percent and 79 percent showed that there is potential to increase output by 14 percent and 21 percent by the loan beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, respectively. Lastly, the loan beneficiary food crop farmers are technically efficient than their non-beneficiaries’ counterparts as revealed by the test of mean. Policy option requires the food crop farmers to expand their farm size to ensure efficient utilization of productive resources. Finally, formal education and adult literacy education should be encouraged among food crop farmers especially the non-loan users as education increases the likelihood of loan acquisition and to afford the farmers the benefit of agricultural loan.
Cloud Armor: A Conclusion Work on Trust Management System

Distributed computing gives Software as service (Saas) ,Platform as service(Paas) and Infrasrtucture as a service(Iaas). Cloud figuring condition having a few issues like protection and security. Trust administration is a standout amongst the most difficult issue. Shielding a specific cloud benefit from a few assaults like agreement attack(Such as client may give misdirecting criticism about specific cloud services)and Sybil attack(such as a solitary client can make numerous accounts.i.,e noxious user). In this paper we talk about cloudarmor that gives notoriety based trust administration to cloud administrations. A notoriety based trust administration system gives set of functionalities to convey Trust as a service(Taas) . Taas incorporates i)Zeroknowledge believability evidence convention to demonstrate validity of the consumers criticism and jam client security, ii)a validity show it will measures te validity of input to shield cloud administrations from malevolent client. what's more, iii)an accessibility model to deal with the accessibility of the trust administration.
The Global Distribution of Trademarks: Some Stylised Facts

Trademarks are words, signs, symbols, or combinations thereof that identify goods as manufactured by a particular person or a company, therefore allowing consumers to distinguish between goods originating in different sources. Trademarks belong to the wider family of intellectual property rights (IPRs), and once registered benefit from legal protection against unauthorized use by entities other than the legal owner. While some suggest that cross-border registrations of IPRs may be associated with welfare transfers from developing to industrial countries, surprisingly little is known about an important component of the global IPR system, namely, the worldwide distribution of trademark registrations. This study provides the first step in filling this gap in the literature. Its purpose is to present some new stylized facts which emerge from the analysis of a dataset compiled by the authors based on the statistical information published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). Questions of interest include the distribution of trademarks between countries of different income levels, the share of trademark registrations accounted for by foreign residents and its variation across different income groups, the extent to which poor countries participate in the international trademark system, and the distribution of registrations across different sectors of the economy.
Using Collaborative Web Sites to Overcome Barriers to Collaboration in Science and Engineering

Recently we have focused our efforts on developing collaborative projects and activities to motivate the engineering and science student apart from the difficulties of managing collaborations across classes. Admittedly, collaborations within classes do not address the aforementioned issue of knowledge transfer, but they do provide additional educational benefits. It is important to teach students effective Web-mediated collaboration in the classroom because industry is currently practicing design in a collaborative fashion over the Web [8-10]. This is likely to become an important skill in the workplace. The importance of collaboration and the use of technology supported learning to improve education is also recognized in chemical engineering education [11]. Clearly, collaborative projects in engineering and science must be made more open-ended so the students do not perceive the answer to be a single quantity or narrowly focused design. Our challenge is to create such openended projects to encourage collaboration, while retaining some ability to objectively evaluate such projects. Certainly, more interesting projects can help motivate the students to collaborate. While many such projects, designed to increase student interest, have been enumerated [12], here we discuss projects specifically designed to provide a clearly perceived benefit to collaboration by the engineering student.
A review on speech filtering and its different techniques

Speech is a form of communication that most people came across in their day to day life. Speech can be used for many purposes like speech communication, speech recognition, speaker identification etc. In all of these applications a noise free speech signal is highly desired. Therefore to get a noise free speech, different speech processing and speech filtering techniques are used. In this paper we have presented a review on speech processing and different speech filtering techniques. The techniques that we have investigated in this paper are Adaptive filtering, Kalman Filtering, Neural Networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy filtering and it is found that LMS gives good result in linear noise depending upon the order of the filter and hybrid filtering techniques like ANFIS because it gives the better result in case of non-stationary noise. Keywords: Adaptive Filter, noise cancellation, least mean square adaptive filter, Autoregressive, Kalman filter, neural network, Adaptive neuro-fuzzy filter
On Dynamical Games

Two examples of dynamical games are studied. The first is a dynamic game rep- resenting water allocation to two different crops. The second is the spatial evolutionary game introduced by Hofbauer and Sigmund (1). We make use of the factorization method to find exact traveling wave solutions of this system. Then motivated by this game, we give a general- ization to a class of 2-dimensional systems .
Diagnosing Forecast Errors in Tropical Cyclone Motion

AbstractThis paper reports on the development of a diagnostic approach that can be used to examine the sources of numerical model forecast error that contribute to degraded tropical cyclone (TC) motion forecasts. Tropical cyclone motion forecasts depend upon skillful prediction of the environment wind field, and by extension, the synoptic-scale weather systems nearby the TC. While previous research suggests that the deep-layer mean (DLM) steering flow typically approximates the actual TC motion, it is shown that the motion of even mature TCs can depart from the DLM steering flow. An optimal environmental steering flow is defined, which varies the vertical extent of the steering layer and the radius over which TC vorticity and divergence are removed.Errors in predicted TC motion are quantified using a diagnostic equation that accounts for not only differences in the synoptic-scale flow, but also differences in the depth and radius used to define the steering flow. Differences in the latter two parameters a.
Multiphase Production Control: Application to Slug Flow

TACITE, developed at IFP, is a compositional software able to simulate the behaviour of transient multiphase flow in production pipelines and wells with process equipment such as controllers, valves, separators, lateral injectors, productivity index or bundles. This paper presents first the set of partial differential equations that are solved in this software. Then, the different models (thermodynamic, hydrodynamic, thermal and numerical) are briefly described. Through a field case example, we illustrate that the use of a transient simulator, such TACITE, is essential in the engineering design phase. For instance, it can be used to test control schemes for multiphase production installation. We also illustrate the importance of the compositional approach that has been developed in this code. This example deals with the Dunbar pipeline in which undesirable transient phenomena called severe sluggingcan occur. The simulation results of different production schemes that can prevent severe slugging occuring are presented and their efficiency is analysed.
Threats to the ocean: on the role of ecosystem approaches to fisheries

English It is becoming increasingly clear that humans impact marine ecosystems and their biodiversity to a very considerate degree, and evidence of the scale of impact is growing. An enabling factor for this has been a change in focus from local-level studies to increased emphasis on meta-analysis of global or regional-level analysis of fisheries' impact. Results include the facts that the world's total fish catches have been decreasing over the last decade or more; that larger, predatory fishes (table fish) are becoming increasingly scarcer; and that we are appropriating the ocean shelves' primary productivity to the same level as we are for terrestrial ecosystems. Ecosystems are being eroded in countries throughout the world, and though one might get the impression from the IUCN Red List that it is mainly a developed-country problem, it is alarming that the impact of severe overfishing may be on an even larger scale for developing countries. We describe aspects of the risks overfishing poses to marine ecosystems, and point out how ecosystem approaches to fisheries can be used to evaluate the potential impact of alternative fishing policy scenarios. French Il devient de plus en plus clair que les activités humaines altèrent les écosystèmes marins et leur biodiversité à un degré considérable, et les preures de l'échelle des impacts anthropiques s'accumulent. Un des facteurs déterminants de cette prise de conscience réside dans le changement d'échelle des études de l'impact des pêches qui sont passées d'un niveau local à un niveau global ou régional au travers d'études de type méta-analyse. Les résultats obtenus les plus évocateurs incluent le fait que la totalité des captures mondiales de poissons a diminué pendant la dernière décennie ou plus; que les grands prédateurs (l'essentiel des poissons "de table") deviennent de plus en plus rares; et que nous nous approprions la productivité primaire des plateaux continentaux au même titre que nous nous sommes appropriés celle des écosystèmes terrestres. Les écosystèmes sont érodés dans les pays du monde entier, et bien que la liste rouge de l'IUCN laisse penser que c'est principalement le problème des pays développés, il est alarmant de constater que l'impact de la surpêche excessive pourrait être une échelle bien plus grande encore pour les pays en voie de développement. Nous décrivons certains aspects des risques que pose la surpêche pour les écosystèmes marins, et mettons en exergue comment l'approche écosystémique des pêches peut être employée pour évaluer l'impact potentiel de scénarios alternatifs de règlementation des pêches.
How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism

The present longitudinal survey among 201 telecom managers supports the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model that postulates a health impairment process and a motivational process. As hypothesized, results of structural equation modeling analyses revealed that: (1) increases in job demands (i.e., overload, emotional demands, and work-home interference) and decreases in job resources (i.e., social support, autonomy, opportunities to learn, and feedback) predict burnout, (2) increases in job resources predict work engagement, and (3) burnout (positively) and engagement (negatively) predict registered sickness duration (“involuntary” absence) and frequency (“involuntary” absence), respectively. Finally, consistent with predictions results suggest a positive gain spiral: initial work engagement predicts an increase in job resources, which, in its turn, further increases work engagement. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Data Driven Approach to Solar Generation Forecasting

With the developments in renewable energy resources, more Photovoltaic (PV) generators are being built. Compared to traditional generators, a PV generator is less controllable which will adversely impact power system operation and planning. To ensue seamless operation of power systems, PV forecasting is essential and necessary. A challenge in PV forecasting is that PV generation behavior differs in different regions due to the fact that PV generation is highly dependent on weather conditions, in particular solar irradiance. This makes it important to study the power output data based on a specific region. In this thesis, I first analyze how PV forecasting will affect system planning by calculating probabilistic power flow (PPF). By using a variety of probabilistic models that can estimate solar irradiance, the PPF of each model is calculated and compared. The PPF will give us an idea of how accurate and inaccurate forecasts will affect power system operations and planning. I then seek to find out which method can forecast the power output more accurately. I used several methods such as Linear Regression, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and compared these methods in 3-hours ahead forecasting. In addition, these methods are analyzed for future use, as the dataset used is constantly growing. Through my analysis of the data, I found out that, based on a small dataset, linear regression works better and as the dataset grows larger, the error for K-Nearest Neighbor reduces dramatically. In addition, a new approach named Symbolic Aggregate approximation (SAX) was used when an extremely large dataset was used to increase calculation speed and reduce dimensionality.
EFFECT OF VARIED LEVELS OF DIETARY COPPER ON PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD CHEMISTRY OF GROWING FEMALE RABBITS

Forty weanling female rabbit of average weight of 515.4g were used to assess the effect of inclusion of different levels of copper (0, 100, 200, and 300ppm inclusion levels) on the growth rate, feed intake, blood and serum parameters of the animals. Final weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio increased (P 0.05) by dietary treatment.
Empathic capacity of delinquent convicted minors

The psychological approach to juvenile delinquency introduced in recent years postulates “empathy impairment” as one of the origins of youth criminal behaviour. This means that in order to be cruel, people need to be unable to imagine the pain their victims experience. To test that hypothesis, we compare a group of convicted juvenile offenders (N=43) with a control group of adolescents (N=47) on self-report and ability measures of cognitive empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, respectively). Discriminant Analysis reveals a significant difference between the two groups, most notably in the dimensions of personal distress, RMET score, and perspective taking. However, after the control for age and education, only the differences in measures of cognitive empathy remain. Although delinquents perceive themselves as less capable of taking the vantage point of another person and, when tested, prove themselves to be inferior in perceiving emotions and facial expressions, there are no differences in self-report scores of the affective component of empathy. On the basis of these findings, we draw several practical implications concerning everyday work with delinquents. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179018 i br. 47011]
Phylogeny of the Caryophyllales Sensu Lato: Revisiting Hypotheses on Pollination Biology and Perianth Differentiation in the Core Caryophyllales

Molecular phylogenetics has revolutionized our understanding of the Caryophyllales, and yet many relationships have remained uncertain, particularly at deeper levels. We have performed parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses on separate and combined data sets comprising nine plastid genes (∼12,000 bp), two nuclear genes (∼5000 bp), and the plastid inverted repeat (∼24,000 bp), giving a combined analyzed length of 42,006 bp for 36 species of Caryophyllales and four outgroups. We have recovered strong support for deep‐level relationships across the order. Two major subclades are well supported, the noncore and core Caryophyllales; Rhabdodendron followed by Simmondsia are sisters to the core Caryophyllales, Limeum and Stegnosperma are successive sisters to the “globular inclusion” clade, Gisekia is a distinct lineage well separated from Rivina within the “raphide” clade, and Rivina and Phytolaccaceae are disparate lineages, with Rivina sister to Nyctaginaceae. The placement of Sarcobatus and relationships within the portulacaceous cohort remain problematic. Within the latter, Halophytum is sister to Basellaceae and Didiereaceae, and the clade comprising Portulaca, Talinum, and Cactaceae is well supported. Classical hypotheses argued that the early Caryophyllales had evolved in open, dry, marginal environments at a time when pollinators were scarce, and, as such, the ancestral caryophyllid flower was wind pollinated with an undifferentiated perianth. We reevaluated these hypotheses in light of our phylogeny and find little support for anemophily as the ancestral condition; however, the early caryophyllid flower is suggested to have possessed an undifferentiated perianth. A subsequent minimum of nine origins of differentiated perianth is inferred. We discuss the evidence for independent origins of differentiated perianth and highlight the research opportunities that this pattern offers to the field of evolutionary developmental genetics.
Analysis of the influence of panel characteristics on odor measurement based on the air dilution olfactory method in Korea

This study was to objectify differences in the results of odor testing according to the characteristics of panel members that participate in air dilution olfactory method (ADOM) testing. When differences in the results of olfactory testing were reviewed in relation to characteristics of the panelists, the result of entire panels for the site boundary Proficiency Testing Materials (PTMs) showed no difference according to panelist sex, age, smoking status, and past participation in ADOM tests. As for the outlet PTMs, distinct differences appeared in relation to the smoking status and age of panelists. The frequency distribution for all the panelists (Dev(D/Ttotal)) showed a form similar to a normal distribution, so it is thought to be more appropriate for the review of effect of panelist characteristics on the result of air dilution olfactory tests. In addition, the ADOM testing method implemented as the standard method for odor compounds in Korea (Dev(D/T3)) will have to be implemented along with a concurrent assessment, for the purpose of identifying the effect of panelist characteristics on administrative dispositions against malodors.
METAMATERIAL IS BEST SUITED FOR FINDING BENEFICIAL RESULT FOR OUR PURPOSE

This paper shows the results obtained from simulation and fabrication process of inspired metamaterial Structure with RMPA 2GHz with rectangular cut shaped structure at 3.2mm layer. To this date, the technology in Left-Handed Metamaterial is best suited for finding beneficial result for our purpose. The metamaterial is the starting point of the analysis and is usually composed of periodic structure of metal and dielectric. We have designed the structure using simulation tools and fabricate them to see how the performance is changing by using inspired metamaterial Structure with respect to fabricated RMPA alone. Simulation results showed that the RMPA return loss is reduced by -26.36 dB and the bandwidth is improved by 5% by incorporating the proposed metamaterial structure. RMPA with Rectangular Cut Shaped Structure at 3.2mm plane is simulated on IE3D Simulation platform, fabricated, and measured on Spectrum Analyzer in the microwave laboratory, Simulation and Measurement results are compiled here.
Spatial memory deficits in juvenile rats with pilocarpine induced temporal lobe epilepsy

Abstract One of the most frequent forms of epilepsy in humans is temporal lobe epilepsy. Characteristic to this form of the disease is the frequent pharmacoresistance and the association with behavioural disorders and cognitive impairment. The objective of our study was to establish the degree of cognitive impairment in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy after an initial epileptogenic exposure but before of the onset of the effect of long-duration epilepsy. Methods. For the experiment we used 11 rats. Status epilepticus was induced by systemic administration of a single dose of pilocarpine. The animals were continuously video-monitored to observe the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures; during weeks 9-10 we performed eight-arm radial maze testing in order to assess the cognitive impairment. Results. Animals developed spontaneous recurrent seizures after a 14-21 day latency with a daily average seizure density of 0.79±0.43 during weeks 9-10. Epileptic rats had significantly more working memory errors per session, more reference memory errors and the number of visited arms was also significantly higher. Accuracy was also lower in the pilocarpine treated group. Interestingly significant differences disappeared after six days of trials. Conclusions. Our study shows behavioural deficits occurring after 9-10 weeks of epilepsy in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy applied to juvenile rats. In contrast to previous studies, we showed that juvenile rats with short duration of epilepsy are able to learn the behavioural task, therefore a morphopathological and/or behavioural “no-return point” regarding the development of severe cognitive impairment is not reached by status epilepticus alone.