Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Huntington's Disease- Neurodegenerative Genetic Disorder

Huntington's disease (HD) may be a neurodegenerative hereditary disease that affects muscle coordination and results in mental decline and behavioural symptoms [1]. Symptoms of the illness will vary between people and affected members of identical family, however sometimes progress predictably. The earliest symptoms are usually refined issues with mood or noesis. A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait usually follows. Because the illness advances, uncoordinated, jerky body movements become a lot of apparent, in conjunction with a decline in mental skills and behavioural symptoms [1,2]. Physical skills step by step worsen till coordinated movement becomes troublesome. Mental skills usually decline into insanity. Complications like respiratory disease, cardiopathy, and physical injury from falls cut back expectancy to around twenty years from the purpose at that symptom begin. Physical symptoms will begin at any age from infancy to adulthood, however sometimes begin between thirty five and forty four years getting on. The illness could develop earlier in life in every sequent generation. Regarding 6 June 1944 of cases begins before the age of twenty one years with AN akinetic-rigid syndrome; they progress quicker and vary slightly. The variant is classed as juvenile, akinetic-rigid, or Westphal variant HD.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Giant African Snail ( Achachatina maginata ) Haemolymph in CCl4 - Induced Hepatotoxixity in Albino Rats

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author B L designed the study and carried out the laboratory work. He equally wrote the first draft of the manuscript and undertook the final editing of the paper. Authors OKS and PCO took part in the laboratory work, part of the draft and undertook in the initial and final editi ng of the paper. Authors ANA and AMI took care of the literature searches, data analysis and participated in designing the experiment. All authors read and approved the final manuscript . Article Information
Organizing for effective family planning programs.

Following an introduction chapter general environments (social political cultural and economic) in which family planning (FP) programs operate are discussed. The task environment: a more direct set of factors affecting program activity; and the technological and resource (money; personnel; infrastructure; facilities) environments are also examined. Program management and elements are discussed in terms of context e.g. fitting programs into national structures; operational planning; integration of FP with other service delivery; developing human resources; demand generation; and program logistics. (A shortage of logistics literature is noted.) Special modes of delivery: community-based distribution under public and private sponsorship; related marketing technics; social marketing; and the role of private clinics and physicians are examined. The critical importance of the interaction between programs and client populations are emphasized. Such interaction includes visits by extension workers; service providers; and indirect contacts with leaders or professional personnel through printed materials and the media in a variety of settings: clinics; community-based FP programs; and commercial distribution systems. Ways in which user and to an extent community incentives and disincentives have been used in different countries are assessed with reference to changes over time for example in India and Singapore. Methodological issues: the measurement of inputs and contraceptive availability; the similarity of the concepts of availability and accessibility; and cost-effectiveness measurement; issues connected with measuring the causal impact of family planning; and the separation of the effects of social and economic conditions on contraceptive use and fertility. Suggestions are made for future research: little empirical evidence exists concerning several crucial elements of program implementation.
Implementing a Program to Improve Pediatric and Pediatric ICU Nurses’ Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Palliative Care

Thousands of children die each year, with the majority of deaths occurring in the hospital setting. However, nurses caring for these children have limited expertise and varying comfort levels regarding palliative and end-of-life care. Nurses are traditionally taught to focus their care on survival, healing, and curing, yet frequently become the primary care providers when the child is dying. National initiatives and incentives support and advocate for palliative and end-of-life care for children, but evidence demonstrates that nurses are both unprepared for this type of care and express confusion regarding palliative and curative care for children. The purpose of this study was to investigate pediatric nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about pediatric palliative care. A one-group, pretest-posttest, pre-experimental design was utilized to evaluate the impact of an educational program on the attitudes and knowledge of 25 pediatric and pediatric ICU nurses working at a large urban metropolitan medical center. Statistical significance found that the intervention of an educational program increased pediatric nurses’ knowledge (P = .02) and improved attitudes regarding pediatric palliative care (P = .001). Recommendations included offering palliative/end-of-life training as a routine part of staff orientation as well as ongoing clinical programs to all pediatric nurses who may care for dying children. Implications for curricular changes in nursing programs were also discussed.
The use of pedometers and the '10.000 steps/day'-concept in the promotion of physical activity

Despite the fact that physical activity has been promoted previously, a considerable amount of adults still do not meet the current health-related physical activity guideline of 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day. However, an inactive lifestyle is related to inverse health outcomes, consequently, effective physical activity interventions are needed. Recent interventions used step counters or pedometers, mostly in combination with step count goals, to encourage physical activity. In general, the pedometer was found to be an effective intervention tool in the United States, Australia, and Japan. However, no European data on physical activity promotion through pedometer use and step count goals are available. Also information about methodological aspects of pedometer use is missing in Europe. Therefore, the current thesis presents pedometer-related methodological research and pedometer-based intervention studies in Flanders, Belgium (Europe). The first methodological study evaluated the validity of an inexpensive pedometer. Results showed that the „Stepping Meter‟ was unacceptable for research and practice, as it gave invalid information. Two other methodological studies found significant correlations between pedometer-determined step counts and self-reported physical activity, and showed that a valid pedometer is capable of assessing not only walking, but also moderate and vigorous physical activity in different contexts. Pedometer-based interventions were implemented on the micro-, meso-, and macro-level and showed promising results. It was found that a 3-week individual-based intervention consisting of pedometer use, with or without cognitive and behavioural support materials, increased physical activity in motivated individuals. In this study, support materials, such as an information brochure, and a log to set goals and record steps, had an additional positive effect on attitudes towards pedometer use. A workplace pedometer-based intervention was effective in reducing the decrease in step counts, probably caused by winter time, in already active employees. Two effectiveness studies of the community campaign “10,000 Steps Ghent” showed a high project awareness level, a decrease in sitting time, and an increase in physical activity among both active and inactive individuals. An additional study found that pedometer use was more likely in older participants and in those aware of the campaign. Increased step counts were more likely among higher educated individuals, at-risk persons (baseline step counts below 10,000 steps/day) and those who used a pedometer. Furthermore, it was found that pedometer use partly mediated the intervention effect on step counts.
Re-emerging malaria in Yongcheng city of Henan province

Objective To understand and analyze malaria situation in Yongcheng city of Henan province during 2003-2005 and provide evidence for malaria control and prevention. Methods Data on malaria epidemic situation, vector surveillance, blood examination of fever cases and serological surveillance on students were collected and analyzed. Results 890 malaria cases were reported and average incidence of malaria was 2.17 per ten thousand in Yongcheng city during 2003-2005. The number of reported malaria cases in 2004 and 2005 were 13.00 and 3.23 times of that of the previous year, respectively. The number of malaria cases reported from 10 townships in eastern part of the city accounted for 80.22% of the total cases. Most of malaria cases were students and farmers. Positive rate was 5.82% in blood examination of fever patients and 15.31% in IFA of students, respectively. 154 Anopheles sinensis were captured and no An.anthropophagus was found in vector surveillance in 2005. Conclusion Dramatic re-emergence of malaria was observed in Yongcheng city. Various control measures of malaria should be strengthen and rising trend of malaria epidemic situation should be timely suppressed.
Assessment of Newer Commercial Serological (ICT) Test For the Diagnosis of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in TB Endemic Areas

We assessed the efficacy of the diagnostic serological test (CTK Biotech Inc and ACON Laboratories, Inc, USA) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in TB endemic area of Quetta Pakistan. Among 223 suspected PTB respondents, forty patients were declared as having tuberculosis on the basis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive culture being the Gold standard. IgG/IgA testing in a high prevalence area may not be entirely useful. We were more interested in the presence of IgM antibodies based on which patients were classified as positive. The sensitivity of the serological test was very poor than that of sputum culture (70% versus IgM 0%, IgG 55%, IgA 15%).
Prevalence and Effects of Various Risk Factors Influencing the Blood Pressure Values

Aim: Hypertension is major cardiovascular risk factor contributing to all cause mortality. The present study was aimed to determine the impact of socio-demographic variables and risk factors on the blood pressures (BP) of the subjects. Place and Duration of the Study: A cross sectional study was conducted at ExServicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS) Polyclinic, Sultanpur Lodhi, Kapurthala, India from June to Oct, 2013. Methodology: All retired defense personnel and their family members (N= 351) who attended polyclinic during study period were recruited to assess physical activity, body mass index, dietary habits, alcohol, family history, sleep, stress, over the counter (OTC) medications, employment status, and education as determinants of BP. The results were analyzed by Chi Square test with statistically significance of P value 50years (88.08%; P<0.001), unemployment status (76.19%; P<0.05) and low education levels (37.50%; P<0.05). An association of high BP with inadequate sleep (35.11%; P<0.05), sedentary lifestyle (63.69%), alcohol (26.78%), positive family history (36.30%), stress (20.83%), non-vegetarian dietary habits (44.64%), increased BMI (67.26%; P<0.05) and OTC medications misuse (15.47%) was found. Half of the subjects Original Research Article Kaur et al.; CA, 2(3): 118-133, 2014; Article no. CA.2014. 3.001 119 were diagnosed with high BP for more than five years (49.40%), two-third had controlled (67.26%) and compliant (69.64%) status, and more than two-third had awareness about their diagnosis of high BP (83.60%). The uncontrolled status, non-compliance towards treatment, and low awareness level regarding high blood pressure values was found among 32.73%, 30.35% and 08.19% of subjects, respectively. Conclusion: This rising frequency of high BP and its associated factors must be monitored, treated and controlled by appropriate preventive and therapeutic approaches including lifestyle modifications, Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension, weight loss and maintenance, physical activity, stress management and pharmacotherapy.
Effects of instructor-led feedback conferences on the level of reflective thought among senior-level students enrolled in a teaching methods course in agricultural education

The purpose of this experimental study was to describe the reflective thinking level of students both overall and by characteristics as well as to compare the effect of reflective feedback conference on students‟ reflective thought by experimental group. All students (n = 28) enrolled in Ag Ed 4330/7330 Teaching Agriculture Subjects participated in the study and were assigned to either a treatment or placebo group. All students had an instructor-led feedback conference with the treatment group receiving a reflective conference and the placebo group receiving feedback without the opportunity to reflect. Both groups then completed an instrument with 3 reflective questions. This experience was repeated three times during the semester. Most of the students‟ responses were either technical or descriptive in nature. None of the students in the study were critically reflective. In those areas where a relationship was found, female students and younger students tended to be more reflective. Overall, students who received the treatment showed no difference during the first two rounds but gave a more critical answer during their third and final reflection. Cohen‟s d showed this was a small effect size.
Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with intravenous arsenic trioxide

Objective:To observe the effect of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with intravenous arsenic trioxide once every two days.Methods:10 mg arsenic trioxidc were diluted with 250～500 ml 0.85% physiological saline. Ten cases of APL were treated by arsenic trioxide solution once every two days. Data of clinical were analysed. Concentration of arsenie in blood was determined by atomic flouorimetry.Results:7 cases of continual treatment obtained complete remission. Times of reatment were 60±10 days, total dose of arsenic trioxide were 285±58 mg. The complete remission time of 5 patients in first treatment were 55±6 days, total dose of arsenie trioxide were 256±28 mg. Blood platelet and hemoglobin were on significantly deereasing. But Leucocyte was significantly increasing first, it reached the highest(36.8±19.7×10 9/L) sfter 14.6±4.7 days and then decreased stey by step, it reached normal level until bone marrow obtaince complete remission. Promelocytie in bone marrow was decreasing combined with endochylema pellet deficiency, chromatin agglutination and myelocyte was increasing. Bone marrow reached complete remission after 56.0±8.7 days. It was 51±5 days for 5 cases in first treatment, Abonrmal bleeding and coagulation were corrected within 19±4.8 days. Side effects were mild. Conclusion: Arenic trioxide was effective、little dose and better telerance in the treatment of APL.
A STUDY OF VISUAL SEARCH USING EYE MOVEMENT RECORDINGS: COLOR CODING FOR INFORMATION LOCATION.

Abstract : The effectiveness of color coding on maps for information location as a means of reducing search time was investigated. The conceptual framework and relevant portions of the data base developed over the past several years are summarized. It was found that relatively large numbers of colors could be used effectively to code the location of classes of information. Factors believed to account for this were: (a) removal of the limitations of long-term memory from the display-reading process; and (b) systematic selection of colors highly discriminable in peripheral vision. (Author)
Predictors of participant retention in cardiac rehabilitation programs.

MEYERS, MELISSA A. , Ph.D., August 2008, Clinical Psychology Predictors of Participant Retention in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs (71 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Mary K. de Groot Background: Effective programs in cardiac rehabilitation exist to manage the manifestations and consequences of cardiovascular illness. Unfortunately, these programs are underutilized, with only 11-60% of eligible participants completing programs (Leon et al., 2005; Sanderson et al., 2004; Suaya et al., 2007). To date, most cardiac rehabilitation research has focused on urban, male program completers with little attention given to factors affecting overall outcomes such as retention or geographic variability (Taylor et al., 2004). Purpose: The purposes of this study were to evaluate changes in body mass index (BMI), physical activity (METS), and quality of life (SF-36) by retention status and gender in cardiac rehabilitation participants from pre to post program participation. Additionally, the study aimed to identify predictors of retention in cardiac rehabilitation programs. Methods: The study consisted of a retrospective medical chart review on archival data that were deidentified. Data were collected from two sites, one urban and one rural on cardiac rehabilitation participants attending between the years of 2004 and 2007. Sampling matched gender and geographic location each year. Results: The current study examined 230 participants (115 male; 115 female) following a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program. The sample was predominantly Caucasian
Clinical-Laboratory Prediction Rule Derivation for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis in General Hospitals in a High-Burden Country

BackgroundClinical prediction rules (CPR) for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis in the hospital setting in countries with high prevalence of PTB are rare. MethodsWith the purpose to derive a CPR for PTB and assess its accuracy in patients 15 years or older admitted to a general hospital in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, a diagnostic accuracy study was conducted with hospitalized patients from 2008 to 2013. Reference standard: positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture in respiratory specimens. Logistic regression-adjusted odds ratios, receiver operating characteristic curve of the value predicted by the model and its accuracy parameters were calculated. ResultsThis study assessed 284 patients, 52 with PTB (18.3%). The score of the derived CPR ranged from 0 to 5, 2 points being attributed to fever and 1 to each of the following predictors: weight loss greater than 10%, alcohol consumption and typical/compatible chest imaging. The cutoff point was 3 or greater, with 0.70 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 72.1% sensitivity, 64.5% specificity, 30.1% and 91.6% positive and negative predictive values, respectively, and 2.0 and 0.4 positive and negative likelihood ratios, respectively. ConclusionsThe derived CPR corroborated the result of a recent systematic review of PTB predictors for hospitalized patients, but should be prospectively validated. The high false-positive rate justifies its combination with PTB-specific tests.
Jak3 regulates IL‐2 induced mucosal homeostasis through regulation of ShcA expression: P‐092.

(group A), DSS induced colitis (group B), low does rebamipide-treated of 200mg/kg (group c), middle does rebamipide-treated of 400mg/kg (group D), high does rebamipide of 800mg/kg (group E). The mice in group A were given the distilled water. The mice in group B were given 5% DSS by oral administration from day 1 to day 7.The mice in group C,D,E were treated with different does of rebamipide from day 1 to day 7,and drank 5% DSS from day 2 to day 7. Diarrhea and bloody stool as well as colonic histology were observed. The level of SOD, MPO, GSH-PX, MDA were determined in colonic mucosa. Colonic mucosa permeability was determined by Evans blue. RESULTS: In mice treated with rebamipide, clinical (body weightloss, bloody diarrhea, reduced physical activity, and shortened colonic length) and histopathological (pathological lesion score) findings of DSS colitis were significantly less than in mice with DSS colitis not treated with rebamipide. The level of SOD and GSH-PX were high in rebamipide-treated groups, as the level of MPO and MDA were low in these groups. The Colonic mucosa permeability was improved in the rebamipide-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Rebamipide can improve colonic mucosa permeability. This effect is attributable to its inhibition of peroxidation in colonic mucosa.
Implementation of a microprocessor-based system for real-time monitoring of vital signs and control of depth of anaesthesia

In this study, a stand-alone device integrating the functions of vital-sign monitors and an infusion pump was implemented. Heart rate, respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure were real-time monitored from arterial blood pressure and used as indices to adjust the drug infusion rate. Control of the depth of anaesthesia was available without any on-line intervention from a computer. The architecture of distributed system was adopted for the ease of switching the microprocessors encoded with drug-specific algorithms. The designed device can be a useful tool for maintaining the anaesthetic depth during animal experiments and a valuable instrument for studies on pharmacokinetic model of anaesthesia.
Nutrition profile of under-five year rural children and correlates of undernutrition in central India

Background: High prevalence of undernutrition in Madhya Pradesh contributing to high mortality and morbidities among young children. Aims & objectives : to assess prevalence of undernutrition and its co-relates among under 5 year children in Madhya Pradesh. Materials & Methods : It was a community based cross- sectional study carried out in all the districts of Madhya Pradesh, India using systematic random sampling. Results: A total of 22,895 children (Boys:12379, Girls:10516), mean age 26.1 months, SD 15.9, were covered. The overall prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was about 52%, 49% and 26% respectively. The prevalence was significantly (p<0.01) higher among boys as compared to girls. The risk of underweight, stunting and wasting was significantly higher among children belonging to SC+ST communities (OR: 1.36, 1.21 & 1.23) as compared to others, among children of illiterate parents and landless labourers (OR: 1.27, 1.32 & 1.15). The risk of stunting was significantly higher among children living in HHs without electricity (OR: 1.41) and HHs not using sanitary latrine (OR: 1.29). Similarly, the risk of wasting was significantly higher among households not having access to safe drinking water, mothers not cleaning their hands before feeding and among children with history of morbidity during preceding fortnight. Prevalence of underweight (28%), stunting (17%) and wasting (34%) was significantly (p<0.01) lower among children who were exclusively breast fed up to 6 months. Conclusions: Multiple risk factors are associated with childhood undernutrition and needs multi-pronged and multi-sector approach to tackle the problem. The results will help planners to develop and implement appropriate intervention strategies, for effective control and prevention of undernutrition among under-five year children in Madhya Pradesh