Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroglobin and cytoglobin: Two new entries in the hemoglobin superfamily *

Neuroglobin (Ngb) and cytoglobin (Cygb) are two newly discovered intracellular members of the vertebrate hemoglobin (Hb) family. Ngb, predominantly expressed in nerve cells, is of ancient evolutionary origin and is homologous to nerve‐globins of invertebrates. Cygb, present in many different tissues, shares common ancestry with myoglobin (Mb) and can be traced to early vertebrate evolution. Ngb and Cygb display the classical three‐on‐three α‐helical globin fold and are endowed with a hexa‐coordinate heme Fe atom, in both their ferrous and ferric forms, having the heme distal HisE7 residue as the endogenous sixth ligand. Reversible intramolecular hexa‐ to penta‐coordination of the heme Fe atom modulates Ngb and Cygb ligand‐binding properties. In Ngb and Cygb, ligand migration to/from the heme distal site may be assisted by protein/matrix tunnel cavity systems. The physiological roles of Ngb and Cygb are poorly understood. Ngb may protect neuronal cells from hypoxic‐ischemic insults, may act as oxidative stress‐responsive sensor protein, and may sustain NO/O2 scavenging and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. Cygb, located in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts, and hepatic stellate cells, has been hypothesized to be involved in collagen synthesis. In neurons, Cygb, located in both cytoplasm and nucleus, may provide O2 for enzymatic reactions, and may be involved in a ROS (NO)‐signaling pathway(s). Here, we review current knowledge on Ngb and Cygb in terms of their structure, function, and evolutionary links to the well‐known human HbA and Mb.
Raisonnement hypothétique distribué sans connaissance commune

What happens when agents with different knowledge need to communicate with neighbouring agents in order to refine their hypotheses regarding the actual state of their environment ? This is a problem faced in many situations where it would not be possible to adopt a centralized approach. In this paper, we assume that agents individually face abductive tasks in a globally coherent environment, without initial shared background knowledge. We propose a protocol allowing agents to converge towards a sufficiently satisfying situation as far as the global consistence of the system is concerned. The main properties of the protocol are discussed, some examples are provided, and a preliminary experimental study is reported.
ASKP1240, a Fully Human Anti‐CD40 Monoclonal Antibody, Prolongs Pancreatic Islet Allograft Survival in Nonhuman Primates

A strategy for inhibiting CD40 has been considered as an alternative approach for immunosuppression because of undesirable effects of anti‐CD154 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Previously, we demonstrated that ASKP1240, which is a fully human anti‐CD40 mAb, significantly prolonged kidney and liver allograft survival in cynomolgus monkeys without causing thromboembolic complications. Herein, we evaluated the effect of ASKP1240 on pancreatic islet transplantation (PITx) in cynomolgus monkeys. Diabetes was induced by total pancreatectomy, and islet allografts were transplanted into the liver. Following PITx (8201–12 438 IEQ/kg), blood glucose levels normalized promptly in all animals. Control islet allografts were rejected within 9 days (n = 3), whereas ASKP1240 (10 mg/kg) given on postoperative days 0, 4, 7, 11 and 14 (induction treatment, n = 5) significantly prolonged graft survival time (GST) to >15, >23, 210, 250 and >608 days, respectively. When ASKP1240 (5 mg/kg) was administered weekly thereafter up to post‐PITx 6 months (maintenance treatment, n = 4), GST was markedly prolonged to >96, >115, 523 and >607 days. During the ASKP1240 treatment period, both anti‐donor cellular responses and development of anti‐donor antibodies were abolished, and no serious adverse events were noted. ASKP1240 appears to be a promising candidate for immunosuppression in clinical PITx.
L'hématome rétro-placentaire : état des lieux au CHU de Grenoble

But. Decrire les aspects epidemiologiques, cliniques et les consequences maternelles et neonatales immediates de l'hematome retro-placentaire (HRP). Materiels et methodes. Etude retrospective descriptive monocentrique des dossiers de grossesses compliquees d'un hematome retro-placentaire dans une maternite de type III entre 2007 et 2014. Resultats. Cinquante deux patientes ont eu un hematome retro-placentaire durant la periode d'etude, soit une incidence de 0,25%. L'âge moyen des patientes etait de 30,25 ans, et 40,38% etaient primipares. L'âge gestationnel moyen de survenue etait de 32 semaines d'amenorrhee (SA) et 2,5 jours ; 75% des HRP sont survenus avant 37 SA. Le taux de morts foetales in utero etait de 15,09%. Les signes cliniques predominants etaient les metrorragies (67,31%), l'enregistrement du rythme cardiaque foetal pathologique (71,05%). Le volume moyen de saignements etait de 766,67ml, le taux de transfusion de 26,92%. Le poids de naissance moyen etait de 1900,40g, et 71,15% des nouveaux-nes etaient de sexe masculin. Conclusion. L'hematome retro-placentaire est une cause importante de morbi-mortalite maternelle et foetale. Les facteurs de risque et complications retrouves correspondent aux donnees de la litterature, malgre des proportions variables.
House fire injury prevention update. Part I. A review of risk factors for fatal and non-fatal house fire injury

Objective—To summarize house fire injury risk factor data, using relative risk estimation as a uniform method of comparison. Methods—Residential fire risk factor studies were identified as follows: MEDLINE (1983 to March 1997) was searched using the keywords fire*/burn*, with etiology/cause*, prevention, epidemiology, and smoke detector* or alarm*. ERIC (1966 to March 1997) and PSYCLIT (1974 to June 1997) were searched by the above keywords, as well as safety, skills, education, and training. Other sources included: references of retrieved publications, review articles, and injury prevention books; Injury Prevention journal hand search; government documents; and internet sources. When not provided by the authors, relative risk (RR), odds ratio, and standardized mortality ratios were calculated, to enhance comparison between studies. Results—Fifteen relevant articles were retrieved, including two case-control studies. Non-modifiable risk factors included young age (RR 1.8–7.5), old age (RR 2.6–3.6), male gender (RR 1.4–2.9), non-white race (RR 1.3–15.0), low income (RR 3.4), disability (RR 2.5–6.5), and late night/early morning occurrence (RR 4.1). Modifiable risk factors included place of residence (RR 2.1–4.2), type of residence (RR 1.7–10.5), smoking (RR 1.5 to 7.7), and alcohol use (RR 0.7–7.5). Mobile homes and homes with fewer safety features, such as a smoke detector or a telephone, presented a higher risk of fatal injury. Conclusions—Risk factor data should be used to assist in the development, targeting, and evaluation of preventive strategies. Development of a series of quantitative systematic reviews could synthesize existing data in areas such as house fire injury prevention.
Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease. METHODS We randomly assigned 247 adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P=0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P=0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P=0.02 for vitamin E and P=0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P=0.24 for vitamin E and P=0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin E was superior to placebo for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00063622.)
CARTE SUR MESURE CHERCHE RÈGLES DE CONSTRUCTION

Les donnees et les outils cartographiques disponibles sur Internet permettent a tout internaute de concevoir une carte. Cependant, la conception d'une carte reste un processus complexe, a la fois technique et creatif, et la qualite de cartes sur mesure est rarement bonne. Dans ce contexte, cet article decrit la mise en place d'un modele de conception cartographique en vue de creer des outils d'aide a la conception de cartes sur mesure. Ces outils visent un public novice ou expert. Ils integrent des connaissances appartenant a des domaines varies. Ils prennent en compte le contexte et les gouts de l'utilisateur. Notre demarche s'appuie sur la definition et l'exploitation d'un corpus textuel de reference afin d'en extraire des connaissances pertinentes qui sont ensuite formalisees dans une base de connaissances. Cette demarche est structuree selon trois axes principaux de travail qui sont presentes. Les sources d'information pertinentes sont d'abord identifiees: les connaissances en cartographie doivent etre enrichies par d'autres permettant, en particulier, de prendre en compte le ressenti de l'utilisateur. La partie textuelle disponible sur support electronique de ces sources d'information forme un corpus electronique dont la taille justifie l'exploration avec des outils de traitement automatique du langage naturel. Un exemple d'exploitation d'une enquete realisee aupres de randonneurs afin de definir les specifications d'une carte adaptee a la randonnee est presente. Les connaissances extraites du corpus electronique doivent etre mises en forme et organisees afin de faciliter leur utilisation, d'assurer leur augmentation et leur evolution. Dans ce but, la construction d'une base de connaissances est proposee. Elle s'articule sur une ontologie, centree sur l'utilisation de la couleur dans la construction de la legende, a laquelle est associee une base de regles de construction de la carte, elles aussi extraites du corpus. La mise en œuvre de cette base de connaissances est illustree au travers de trois applications developpees au laboratoire COGIT de l'IGN, qui permettent de construire des cartes adaptees au besoin de leurs utilisateurs et qui respectent les regles de cartographie.
Structurally diverse chitolipooligosaccharide nod factors accumulate primarily in membranes of wild type Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii.

The general view on Rhizobium chitolipooligosaccharides (CLOS) is that they are made in very low levels as diffusible molecules and are primarily secreted by the bacteria into the extracellular milieu where they interact with the host. However, the structural and predicted physicochemical properties of these amphiphilic molecules led us to postulate that they should normally be targeted to bacterial membranes after synthesis. Thus, we analyzed membrane lipid extracts of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii wild-type strain ANU843 cells and the corresponding culture supernatants for CLOS-type glycolipids. As predicted, fractionation of the membrane extracts from pelleted cells led to the isolation of a diverse family of CLOS in high yield (> or = 15 mg/L of culture), whereas all attempts to isolate CLOS from the corresponding culture supernatant failed. Structural analyses reveal that the membrane CLOS of ANU843 consist of a complex mixture of O-acetylated or non-O-acetylated chito- tri-, -tetra-, and pentasaccharides bearing an N-acyl moiety at the nonreducing glucosamine residue. cis-Vaccenic acid was the predominant acyl substituent (> 70%), but several other saturated, unsaturated, and 3-hydroxy fatty acids were found in the CLOS glycolipids. Membrane accumulation of CLOS in ANU843 is promoted by the presence of 4',7-dihydroxyflavone and pSym nod genes. Potential host-selective biological activity host-selective biological activity of the purified membrane CLOS fraction from ANU843 was indicated by its ability to elicit meristems resembling rudimentary nodule primordia in the root cortex of axenic seedlings of the host legume, white clover, but not of the nonhost legumes hairy vetch or alfalfa. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Full-Wave Simulation of Time Modulated Linear Antenna Arrays in Frequency Domain

An effective frequency domain full-wave approach is proposed for the simulation of time modulated (TM) linear arrays with variable aperture size (VAS) time schemes. The full-wave simulation of the TM linear arrays is fulfilled by combination of the frequency domain full-wave simulation results of the corresponding regular linear arrays at multiples of the modulation frequency. Numerical simulation results of two TM linear arrays with VAS time schemes are presented and are compared with reported measurement results, and close agreement is obtained through comparison.
Preparation and characterization of PEG-modified polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives for transdermal drug delivery

Background: The purpose of this work was to develop novel pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) for transdermal drug-delivery systems (TDDS) with proper adhesive properties, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and high drug loading. Method: Polyethyleneglycol-modified polyurethane PSAs (PEG-PU-PSAs) were synthesized by prepolymerization method with PEG-modified co-polyether and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst, ratios of NCO/OH, co-polyether composition, and chain extender were investigated. Drug loading was studied by using thiamazole (hydrophilic drug), diclofenac sodium (slightly hydrophilic drug), and ibuprofen (lipophilic drug) as model drugs. In vitro drug-release kinetics obtained with Franz diffusion cell and dialysis membrane. Results: The results showed that when reaction temperature at 80°C, weight percentage of stannous octoate as catalyst at 0.05%, ratio of NCO/OH at 2.0–2.2, ratio of PEG/polypropylene glycol (PPG)/polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG) at 30/25–30/50–55, and weight percentage of glycol as chain extender at 4.5%, PEGPU-PSAs synthesized performed well on adhesive properties. Actually, PEG on the main chain of the PU could improve the hydrophilicity of PSAs, whereas PPG and PTMG could offer proper adhesive properties. Skin compatibility test on volunteers indicated that PEG-PU-PSAs would not cause any skin irritations. All the model drugs had excellent stabilizations in PEG-PU-PSAs. In vitro drug-release kinetics demonstrated that the drug release depended on drug-loading level and solubility of the drug. Conclusion: These experimental results indicated that PEG-PU-PSAs have good potential for applications in TDDS.
A PSYCHOACOUSTIC MODEL OF HARMONIC CADENCES PRO GRADU THESIS

This thesis presents a psychoacoustically derived computational model of the perceived distance between any two major or minor triads, the degree of activity created by any given pair of triads, and the cadential effectiveness of three-triad progressions. The model is tested against conventional music theory, and ratings given by thirty-five participants for the “similarity” and “fit” of triads in a pair, and the “cadential effectiveness” of three-triad progressions. Multiple regressions show that the model provides highly significant predictions of the experimentally obtained ratings. Finally, it is argued that because the model is based upon psychoacoustic axioms, it is likely the regression equations represent true causal models. As such, the computational model and its associated theory question the plausibility of theoretical approaches to tonality that use only long-term memory and statistical features, as well as those approaches based upon symmetrical geometrical structures like the torus. It is hoped that the approach proposed here may herald not only the return of psychoacoustics to tonal music theory, but also the exploration of the tonal possibilities offered by non-standard tunings and non-harmonic timbres.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Fluconazole in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration: Using Monte Carlo Simulations To Predict Doses for Specified Pharmacodynamic Targets

ABSTRACT Fluconazole is a widely used antifungal agent that is extensively reabsorbed in patients with normal renal function. However, its reabsorption can be compromised in patients with acute kidney injury, thereby leading to altered fluconazole clearance and total systemic exposure. Here, we explore the pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in 10 critically ill anuric patients receiving continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). We performed Monte Carlo simulations to optimize dosing to appropriate pharmacodynamic endpoints for this population. Pharmacokinetic profiles of initial and steady-state doses of 200 mg intravenous fluconazole twice daily were obtained from plasma and CVVHDF effluent. Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM) was used for data analysis and to perform Monte Carlo simulations. For each dosing regimen, the free drug area under the concentration-time curve (fAUC)/MIC ratio was calculated. The percentage of patients achieving an AUC/MIC ratio greater than 25 was then compared for a range of MIC values. A two-compartment model adequately described the disposition of fluconazole in plasma. The estimate for total fluconazole clearance was 2.67 liters/h and was notably 2.3 times faster than previously reported in healthy volunteers. Of this, fluconazole clearance by the CVVHDF route (CLCVVHDF) represented 62% of its total systemic clearance. Furthermore, the predicted efficiency of CLCVVHDF decreased to 36.8% when filters were in use >48 h. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that a dose of 400 mg twice daily maximizes empirical treatment against fungal organisms with MIC up to 16 mg/liter. This is the first study we are aware of that uses Monte Carlo simulations to inform dosing requirements in patients where tubular reabsorption of fluconazole is probably nonexistent.
Identification of a whitefly species by genomic and behavioral studies.

An introduced whitefly species, responsible for over a half billion dollars in damage to U.S. agricultural production in 1991, is morphologically indistinguishable from Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). However, with the use of polymerase chain reaction-based DNA differentiation tests, allozymic frequency analyses, crossing experiments, and mating behavior studies, the introduced whitefly is found to be a distinct species. Recognition of this new species, the silverleaf whitefly, is critical in the search for management options.
Simulation and Analysis on Novel Dual-Rotor Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor

This paper investigates modeling and simulation of dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor. The emulated model of a novel DRPMSM is constructed based on MATLAB/Simulink. To test the correctness of the emulated motor model, Vector Control (VC) system and Space Vector PWM Control (SVPWM) system are used to simulate the model of the motor. The simulation results show the correctness of the model. This paper compares the different responses of torque, rotating speed and current in VC and SVPWM strategies. The results show that using different control strategies can get different system's dynamic and static responses. As the same time, it analyzes the characteristics of dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor in steady operation and transient run-time.
Characterization of a two-component system, devR-devS, of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

By subtractive hybridization, we isolated genes, differentially expressed in virulent strain (dev), that are expressed at higher levels in the virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain in comparison to its avirulent counterpart, H37Ra, and consequently may be associated with the virulence phenotype of M. tuberculosis. A two-component system, devR-devS, was identified by DNA sequencing of a dev clone. DevR, the predicted gene product of devR, is a response regulator (RR) in the NarL/ UhpA subfamily of two-component systems. The devS gene product displayed homology with histidine protein kinases (HPKs) including UhpB, NarX and NarQ. The devR-devS locus is preceded by gene Rv3134c that encodes a putative alanine-aline- rich protein. This locus was conserved in M. tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG but not in other mycobacteria. A devR -lacZ transcription fusion demonstrated beta-galactosidase activity in M. smegmatis and in M. tuberculosis. The devR and devS genes were cotranscribed and the levels of their transcripts were lower in two isolates of the avirulent H37Ra strain in comparison to the virulent H37Rv strain of M. tuberculosis. The level of DevR protein was also lower in one of the H37Ra strains in comparison to the H37Rv strain. However, in a third isolate of H37Ra, RNA and protein expression was equivalent to that in the H37Rv strain. Electron microscopic immunogold analysis of M. tuberculosis grown in laboratory medium and within human monocytes revealed specific labelling for DevR protein within the bacteria and the phagosomal lumen of infected monocytes. These findings collectively suggest a potential role for devR-devS in the regulation of genetic programmes unique to the tubercle bacillus.