Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Acute Ischemic Stroke Induced by Covid-19 Disease - A Case Report

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may attack the central nervous system in addition to the respiratory system because of its neuro-invasive features. Increased inflammation, immobilization, hypoxia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation may predispose to the cerebrovascular diseases. Case Report: A 73 years old man presenting to the emergency service with complaints of dyspnea, cough, and high fever was admitted to the hospital after being diagnosed as having COVID-19 upon findings of ground-glass densities and mild parenchymal involvement which was more prominent in the midand lower lobes of the lungs on his computerized tomography scan. His treatment was started with chloroquine, azithromycin, ceftriaxone and enoxaparin. On the neurological exam performed for symptoms of dizziness, imbalance, speech disorder and deviation of angle of mouth; he was conscious, cooperating, oriented limitedly and the right nasolabial groove was indistinct and he had dysarthria and ataxia. Acetyl salicylic acid was added to the treatment because cerebral diffusion magnetic resonance imaging revealed limited diffusion consistent with acute ischemia on the right posterolateral area of the bulbus. The patient whose respiratory distress worsened and who was admitted to the intensive care unit developed cardiac and respiratory arrest and he died despite all efforts of resuscitation. Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that the elderly patients with Covid-19 with prothrombotic risk factors are also at risk for cerebrovascular disease in addition to the infectious symptoms. In this case report, a patient infected with SARS-CoV-2 and diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke with anamnesis, clinical and radiological findings is presented.
Therapeutic Potential for Natural Product HDAC Inhibitors in Heart Failure

Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of acetyl-groups from lysine residues of a variety of proteins, but have traditionally been studied in the regulation of chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Past research demonstrated that HDAC inhibition was efficacious in pre-clinical animal mod els of heart failure, in which small-molecule HDAC inhibitors blocked cardiac remodeling (e.g. hypertrophy) and improved cardiac systolic function. Many bioactive compounds found in edible plants have recently been shown to inhibit HDAC activity that mechanistically impacted inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis. This new area of research has given rise to the study of nutrient-epigenetic-gene interactions, nutri-epigenetics in the regulation of human health and disease. Thus, bioactive compounds that function as HDAC inhibitors offer promising therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiac disease and will be discussed in this review.
Potential Anticancer Effects of Aged Garlic Extract and its Water-soluble Organosulfur Compounds

Background: Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally; it often leads to a steep rise in healthcare expenses. It is a known fact that various dietary ingredients such as aged garlic is an active anticancer agent, and its extracts do not have a strong odor and pungent taste. Purpose: This review summarizes the potential beneficial effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) and its water-soluble organosulfur compounds on the cancer incidences, and in the prevention and improvement of malignancy factors. Methods: The study utilizes systematic reviews on publications of previous studies obtained from scholarly journal databases including PubMed, Medline, Ebsco Host, Google Scholar and Cochrane. The study utilizes secondary information based on the studies conducted in cancer cell lines, animal and humans as there are increasing evidence of the efficacy of AGE and AGE-derived water-soluble organosulfur compounds in cancer and other malignancies. Conclusion and Recommendation: Although animal and laboratory results were mostly consistent, there is variable evidence from human studies. The overall findings suggest that consumption of AGE and AGE-derived organosulfur compounds can offer significant protection against cancer. In our review, we found that there are shortcomings in various studies. Therefore, we recommend that more investigations are necessary to establish whether aged garlic extract could be considered for cancer prevention. Review Article Alkreathy; JPRI, 32(12): 108-121, 2020; Article no.JPRI. 59477 109 Graphical Abstract
Osteosarcoma: A review with emphasis on pathogenesis and chemoresistance

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor among children and adolescents. Patterns of presentation and clinical progression have been well-characterized, and cytogenetic and molecular analyses have demonstrated genomic complexity with a substantial degree of structural variation. Nevertheless, extensive research has facilitated only limited understanding of the molecular events that govern oncogenic transformation of a mesenchymal progenitor or that drive clinical phenotypes such as metastasis and chemoresponsiveness. Initial clinical management of patients is well-standardized, and the majority of patients whose tumors are localized at the time of presentation, are amenable to effective surgical resection, and exhibit extensive tumoricidal response to chemotherapy can enjoy long term survival. Outcomes for the significant proportion of patients differing with respect to any one of these clinical characteristics are much less favorable, however, and therapeutic strategies to address clinically advanced disease and chemoresistance to date have been disappointing. This review will discuss the current understanding of OS oncogenesis, clinical presentation, and the status of OS clinical management. The discussion will focus on genetic and epigenetic events associated with chemoresistance in OS and the insights such a mechanistic understanding may offer toward circumventing this major clinical barrier.
Proposed classification of waste that landed on small island in Indonesia for the conservation of waterbird

Studies on waste in Indonesia has intensified after this country was identified as the second most plastic waste in the world. The study site was in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary (Jakarta Bay area), where 13 rivers ended in the bay. Waste that has landed in Pulau Rambut could disturb waterbirds’s habitat. Waste was usually classified by using foreign country’s situation. Researchers usually classify waste into 6 categories: plastic, metal, glass, rubber, processed lumber/paper, and cloth/fabric. These categories are then divided in more detail, e.g. 18 types of plastic and 3 types of metal. However, some of the wastes that has been found were not classified yet. The objective of this paper was to propose classification of waste that has landed on small island in Indonesia. We identified waste that has landed in Pulau Rambut then reviewed and modified the standard classification by NOAA and UNEP. The proposed classification is organic and non-organic. This classification is to be applied for the waste that landed on small island. For household waste in urban area or along the rivers need to be developed further.
Beta diversity of plants, birds and butterflies is closely associated with climate and habitat structure

Aim The aim was to investigate the relationship between climate, topography and soil pH, as well as vegetation structure and the beta diversity of plants, butterflies and birds; and to investigate the correlations of (woody) plant beta diversity with animal beta diversity. Location Switzerland (central Europe). Methods We used pairwise Sorensen dissimilarity as measure of total beta diversity and partitioned it into its turnover and nestedness components. Variation partitioning was used to assess the independent and cumulative effects of environmental predictors, with vegetation structure being derived from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. We also checked for independent effects of plant and woody plant beta diversity on butterfly and bird beta diversity, respectively, and for independent effects of spatial distance on beta diversity. Results Climate emerged as the strongest statistical predictor of beta diversity across taxonomic groups, with large independent effects on species turnover. Climate effects were most pronounced for plants, followed by butterflies and birds. We also found large independent effects of vegetation structure on total beta diversity and its turnover component across taxonomic groups, particularly for birds. Plant and woody plant beta diversity substantially improved the predictions of butterfly and bird beta diversity, respectively. Spatial distance had hardly any independent effect on beta diversity. Main conclusions Climate is a stronger filter for plant communities than for butterfly and bird communities, which are more affected by vegetation structure, probably owing to associated resources and niches. Vegetation structure is a crucial predictor of beta diversity, and therefore contiguous and detailed 3-D habitat structure data are highly relevant to further our understanding of niche-based community assembly. Plant and animal beta diversity appear to be non-independent, suggesting that differences in the response times of interacting taxa should be accounted for in environmental change impact assessments on biodiversity.
Analyst Following and Forecast Accuracy After Eliminating the 20-F Reconciliation Between IFRS and U.S. GAAP

In 2007, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) decided to allow foreign private issuers to file financial statements prepared according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) without reconciliation to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Using a sample of foreign private issuers from 35 countries/regions during the period of 2005 to 2008, this article investigates how the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation affects financial analysts. We find that it significantly reduces analyst coverage but has no impact on forecast accuracy. We show that analysts who are greatly affected are more likely to terminate their coverage of IFRS firms after the SEC’s rule than other analysts. In addition, we hypothesize and find that eliminating the 20-F reconciliation has a greater impact on firms whose 20-F reconciliation is more useful to analysts. For these firms, the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation significantly reduces both analyst coverage and forecast accuracy. Overall, our results suggest that the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation imposes costs on financial analysts.
Bacteria in cancer therapy

The hypothesis that living bacteria may function as anticancer therapeutic agents was rst advanced in the middle of the twentieth century. Due to the obstacles of hypoxia and necrosis, accessing tumor tissue with traditional treatments has proved di cult. However, bacteria may actively migrate away from the vasculature and penetrate deep into tumor tissue and accumulate (Fig. 1A). Three classes of anaerobic and facultative anaerobes have been examined for use inanticancer therapy (1,2) : Bi dobacteria, facultative intracellular bacteria and strictly anaerobic bacteria. The ideal criteria for the selection of therapeutic bacteria (3,4) are as follows : Non-toxic to the host ; selective for a speci c type of tumor ; has the ability to penetrate deeply into the tumor where ordinary treatment does not reach ; non-immunogenic (does not trigger an immune response immediately but may be cleared by the host) ; harmless to normal tissue ; able to be manipulated easily ; and has a drug carrier that may be controlled. In addition to studies of bacteria designed to induce immune responses (5)and mediate antiangiogenesis therapy (6), a recent study has focused on the usage of bacterial products as anticancer agents (7). Three main strategies in bacterial cancer treatment are discussed : i) Bacteria as tumor markers ; ii) Bacteria engineered to express anticancer agents (Fig. 1B) ; and iii) Bacteria for oncolytic therapy (Fig. 1C).
Lost in the dark: estimation of the akinete pool for the recruitment of Nostocales populations (cyanobacteria) in a temperate deep lake

Akinetes (resting stages), as key elements in the life cycle of Nostocales, ensure the persistence of species and invasion of new habitats. Information about the sedimentary akinete pool is required to predict blooms of Nostocales. We studied the akinete abundance in the surface sediment of a deep stratified lake in NE Germany to determine which part of the akinete pool is potentially able to germinate under the underwater light, temperature and oxygen conditions present. Akinetes increased in abundance significantly with depth (R = 0.86). They accumulated below 12 m (214 × 10 akinetes m), where temperatures of 8–12°C could support germination, but light supply ≤0.1 mol photons m d and anoxia in the summer prevent germination. Assuming a light supply of 0.5 mol photons md and oxic conditions suitable for germination, only 10% of the total akinete pool deposited in littoral areas of 0–8 m depth can contribute to the recruitment. The sediment area for germination due to oligotrophication would increase from the current 41 to 45–61%. Thus, up to 261 × 10 more dormant akinetes could become part of the active akinete pool and consequently influence the future species composition and support the persistence of species.
Effect of sprouting on anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, color intensity and color attributes in purple sweet potatoes

Sweet potatoes stored in a humid state will generally sprout, leading to them being deemed inedible by customers. During the sprouting process enzyme activities increase and as such it was assumed that there had been changes in the nutrition and secondary metabolism compounds, e.g. anthocyanins. The purpose of this research was to investigate the changes occurred in the characteristics of anthocyanins during the purple sweet potatoes’ sprouting. One-factor Randomized Block Design was used in the research design, i.e. the sprouting time in 6 stages: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity is 51.61±2.11%, the highest color intensity is 0.72±0.72, and the lowest hue angle value or the lowest h is 30.75±0.93, occurring in the 4th week of sprouting. While the highest total anthocyanin is 222.07±2.65 mg/kg wet weight, and the highest red color value or a* is 12.80±0.49, occurring in the 3rd week of sprouting. The major components that compose purple sweet potatoes are Cyanidin-3-0-glucoside ([M-X] = m/z 286.50 to 287.50 and [M] = m/z 449) and Peonidin -3,5-0-diglucoside ([M-X] = m/z 462.50 to 463.50 and [M] = m/z 625).
Novel Protocol for Rapid Desensitization of Melphalan in a 5-Year-Old Boy Undergoing Conditioning for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation is a potentially life-saving therapy under certain conditions. Hypersensitivity reaction to chemotherapeutic drugs may interfere with this treatment. Griscelli syndrome type 2 is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by hypopigmentation of skin and hair, causing silver gray hair; this disease may develop a fatal condition called hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosi. The main curative treatment for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosi is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Melphalan is an important drug in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation preparation regimen. This drug is only stable for 60 minutes following reconstitution with normal saline. There is a recommended 12- to 20-step desensitization protocol for moderate to severe hypersensitivity reaction to chemotherapeutic drugs. However, due to the short term stability of melphalan, this protocol cannot be employed in desensitization. In this case report, we presented a novel protocol for rapid desensitization of Melphalan in a 5-year-old boy with immediate, moderate to severe hypersensitivity reaction, during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To obtain 50 mg total melphalan , we prepared solutions of drug in two bags; one with 12.5mg in 35 cc normal saline, and other with 25 mg in 35 cc normal saline. Each solution was infused during 60 minutes by incremental infusion rate, and the total of 50 mg melphalan was successfully infused.
Do supervisory enforcement actions affect board composition?

Manuscript Type: Empirical Research Question/Issue: Do enforcement actions impact banks’ board composition? Based on a unique sample of sanctions imposed on Italian banks by the country's banking supervisory authority from 2009 to 2015, we investigate whether supervisory enforcement actions affect changes at the board level. Moreover, we examine whether changes at the board level after a sanction are effective in reducing the probability of further sanctions in the future. Research Findings/Insights: The findings reveal that sanctioned banks change their board composition following a supervisory sanction. We further test whether these changes improve bank governance and find that under certain conditions, they may reduce the probability that the board is sanctioned again. Robustness tests confirm the results. Theoretical/Academic Implications: This study provides empirical evidence that supports the role of supervisory enforcement actions in inducing banks to adopt changes at the board level. Given that the relationship between supervisory sanctions and changes in board characteristics is still neglected, we contend that our results may increase the understanding of the effectiveness of enforcement actions in improving board characteristics. Practitioner/Policy Implications: We believe that our results have policy implications by making a clear and concrete contribution to the ongoing debate on the revision of the principles for enhancing corporate governance and banking supervision.
The role of STAT3 in the colorectal cancer therapy

Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumour of the digestive system, more common in the elderly than in younger individuals. The incidence rate in the United States and the European Union is increasing by an average of 4.2% to 4.6% annually. There is emerging evidence that deregulation of the signalling pathway and abnormal expression and activation of genes is the main reason for the development of colorectal cancer. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) is a transcription factor of signal transduction and transcriptional activation of target genes which plays important roles in proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other physiological processes. It has been confirmed that abnormal activation of STAT3 is involved in the development of tumours, so the identification of STAT3 inhibitors is a promising strategy for cancer chemoprevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. In this review, the roles of STAT3 in the pathogenesis and treatment of colorectal cancer are discussed.
Investigating the possibility of recombination the predicted antigenic fragment of Streptococcus Pyogen hyaluronidase by bioinformatics softwares

Introduction: One of the main difficulties facing the production of recombinan Streptococcus pyrogenesisa hyaluronidase enzyme is its high molecular weight. The aim of this study was to predict the antigenic regions of hyaluronidase protein, the structure of fragment and evaluating the possibility of cloning the fragment in pTZ57R/T vector by the aid of bioinformatic’s software. Materials and Methods: Multiple hyaluronidase amino acid sequences were aligned, using Clustal W method and MegAlign software, followed by BLASTP analysis. Antigenic regions and important epitopes in consensus sequences were determined by using online softwares ABCpred, BcePred and Emboss. The tertiary structure of determined antigenic regions was predicted by using TASERI and specified model was evaluated by using Swiss-PDB Viewer Software. Finally, intended fragment was inserted in pTZ57R/T vector. Results: The consensus sequence had 868 amino acids, which the residues 279 to 773 were selected as prominent antigenic region in order to shorten the sequence by using online software. Finally, the result was shown as the proper recombination of antigenic region of hyaluronidase gene with pTZ57R/T. Conclusion: The utilization of bio informatics tools to predict or determine the prominent antigenepitopic fragments, facilitated the recombinant process due to using the shorter fragments and generating more effective and specific immune response by the enzyme protein. © 2015, Semnan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Independent walking and balance in children with CHARGE syndrome

Children with CHARGE syndrome (CWCS) are born with multiple physical disabilities, several of which impair balance and the onset of motor milestones. Early motor development problems can include delayed independent walking, which has been found in CWCS. In addition, few studies have examined balance in CWCS and these studies have been limited in scope, necessitating a more comprehensive examination of balance in this population. Motor development occurs as a progression of stages as represented by Seefeldt’s conceptual model. As such, it is essential to examine the association of early development of foundational skills, such as balance, with the onset of motor milestones as they are building blocks to motor competence. The aims of this study are to (1) examine the differential effects of children with and without CHARGE syndrome on balance and (2) examine the association of age of walking to these balance measures. In this study, 27 CWCS and 22 children without CHARGE syndrome, aged 7 to 16 years, were assessed on four components of balance including anticipatory control, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait using the shortened version of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (mini-BESTest) and parental reported age of independent walking. Their balance and age of walking were compared to 22 typically developing peers of similar age and gender distribution. Results revealed that CWCS walked three times later than their peers without CHARGE syndrome and had significant deficits on all balance systems assessed with the largest difference occurring in anticipatory control. Anticipatory control is critically important in maintaining static and dynamic postural control. These results indicate a critical need for early functional balance training and compensatory strategies in CWCS.
Anthelmintic activity of the extracts of Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad and Wendl fruits (Solanaceae).

Helminthiasis is a worldwide and one of the common diseases of all ages. As per WHO more than two billion people harbor this infection. From the survey of WHO only few drugs are frequently used in the treatment of helminthes in human, due to the cost and the development of resistance against these drugs turned the attention of many researchers towards the evaluation of medicinal plants. After the successful research work of many scientists, the natural sources play a key role in the treatment of the anthelmintic. With the view of anthelmintic activity, various extracts from the fruits of Solanum xanthocarpum is prepared and out of it methonalic and aqueous extracts of the fruits shown the amazing anthelmintic activity of parasite.