Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involutions with isolated fixed points on orientable 3-dimensional flat space forms

In this paper we completely classify (up to conjugacy) all involutions i: M -» M, where M is an orientable connected flat 3-dimensional space form, such that i has fixed points but only finitely many. If Mx,. , M6 are the 6 space forms then only Mx, M2, M6 admit such involutions. Moreover, they are unique up to conjugacy. The main idea behind the proof is to find incompressible tori T c M so that either i(T) = T or t(T) n T = 0 and then cut M into simpler pieces. These results lead to a complete classification of 3-manifolds containing Z © Z © Z in their fundamental groups. 1. Introduction. In (1) it was shown that the only possible finitely generated abelian subgroups of the fundamental group of a 3-manifold are Z", Z © Z2, Z, Z © Z, and Z © Z © Z. Moreover, those manifolds A/3 such that trx(M) contains a finite subgroup or Z © Z2 as a subgroup were also characterized. In order to characterize those A/3 so that irx(M) contains Z © Z © Z as a subgroup it is necessary to determine the involutions with isolated fixed points on 3-dimensional orientable flat space forms (see (7) for this characterization). The purpose of this paper is to classify up to conjugacy all involutions i: M -» M, where M is an orientable flat 3-dimensional space form and i has fixed points but
Statins. The Great Age and beyond Biologically LDL Level, Revisited Forty Years Later

The LDLR and its mutations were described, determinants of the FH phenotype in 1974, at the same time, the first statin (compactin) with hypocholesterolemic effect was discovered in 1976. Statins, by inhibiting HMGCoAR and blocking the cellular synthesis of cholesterol, induce its main therapeutic effect, namely: the activation of the synthesis, expression and function of LDLR and with it, a greater hepatic clearance of LDL and lower blood cholesterol level. Statins also reduce the synthesis of VLDL and have non-lipid or pleiotropic effects. The canonical meta-analysis of CTT with one hundred and seventy thousand individuals treated with statins in twenty-six RCT and their “patient by patient” analyses, allow us to establish the following therapeutic postulate: reduction of 40, 80 and 120 mg/dL of LDL-cholesterol with a statin results in a 20%, 40% and 50% risk reduction of an ASCVD. A significant benefit without a doubt. This therapeutic benefit with statins has been the “master key” for all groups of experts in Lipidology and Cardiology to consider this pharmacological group as the gold standard in the prevention of ASCVD. All Guidelines for hypercholesterolemia treatment and prevention of ASCVD contemplate the following three fundamental concepts: LDL-cholesterol is the main atherogenic risk factor and therapeutic target. Estimating the absolute 10-year cardiovascular risk is our best tactic to guide the therapeutic strategy. Up today, statins are our best therapeutic strategy for controlling hypercholesterolemia and preventing ASCVD. In the PCSK9 inhibition era and before the first CVOT with MAbs-PCSK9 publication, this paper reviews briefly the amazing statin’s history since Endo, Goldstein and Brown ́s discoveries until their solid and evidence-based position in all guidelines devoted to hypercholesterolemia and ASCVD risk reduction.
The Effect of Leadership Coaching on the Self-Efficacy of New Assistant Principals

The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the effect of leadership coaching on new assistant principals’ perceptions of self-efficacy. Participants involved in the study included newly appointed assistant principals enrolled in a suburban public school district leadership academy that included multiple coaching sessions. Data were collected via a pre and post-test instrument designed to measure perceptions of self-efficacy. Analysis of covariance was used to determine whether the null hypothesis of two research questions would be accepted or rejected. Findings showed that participants who experienced leadership coaching had statistically significant gains on post-test scores over pretest scores in all eight factors measured when controlling for pre-test scores. Furthermore, participants who experienced leadership coaching had significantly greater posttest mean scores than noncoached participants had in two of the eight measured factors when controlling for pretest scores.
Field Induced Oscillation of Two Majorana Modes in a Quantum Ring

We calculate the topological boundary modes found for quantum wire for a quantum ring. For the symmetric ring we find analytical solutions for two quasi-particles identifiable as the Majorana states and for asymmetric ring, we have also find approximate solution. By turning on a small field at time zero, we find a field induced oscillation of the Majorana states that was initially localized. The range of validity of our solution, the relation between the period of oscillation and the coin parameter and field strength, and the encoding of a message of the on/off of the field using the Majorana states are discussed. Our results suggest ways to reduce decoherence for small systems, thereby providing a good candidate for quantum memory and computing as the Majorana qubit is topologically protected.
A Music Theory Ontology

Many existing music ontologies have focused on expressing metadata related to performances or recordings, aiding with recommendations of songs or artists, and studying the psychological affects of music. These music ontologies provide a foundation for describing many practical aspects related to music. We believe further primitives are needed in order to represent written music and provide a foundation for performing analysis of music. We are motivated by questions related to analyzing music that might inform composers or musicians. Informational elements may include possible underlying chords from a set of notes, as well as summaries of key signatures or scales used in a given song. In order to leverage Semantic Web technologies to answer such questions, we present our Music Theory Ontology that expands on existing work by including theoretical concepts that were absent from previous music ontologies. We further describe a methodology for using the ontology to infer new knowledge. We demonstrate this capability by inferring the notes in various scales and chords, and evaluate the ontology in terms of competency question answering.
DNA Vaccine: Mechanism of Action and Factors which Increase Its Efficacy

DNA vaccine is a new promising vaccine type which has many advantages among various conventional vaccines. DNA vaccine could induce the cellular immune response beside the humoral immune response. This vaccine is more stable in production, storage and distribution, which makes it as a cheaper vaccine. Although it has many added values, so far there is no FDA accepted human vaccine. There are some hindering factors that affect the efficacy of the DNA vaccine, such as immunogenicity, delivery system, administration route, and adjuvant choices. This review aims to describe the DNA vaccine mechanism of action and several factors that have important roles to increase the DNA vaccine efficacy. By optimizing these factors, an effective DNA vaccine could be developed. *Corresponding Author: Valentina Yurina, E-mail: v_yurina@ub.ac. id Copyright © 2018 by Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018, 7(1), 92-100
Molecular analysis of the gut contents of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a method for detecting intra-guild predation by this species on aphidophagous predators other than coccinellids

Several studies have demonstrated that the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis is a strong intra-guild predator of native species of ladybird. Laboratory studies have shown that H. axyridis can be an intra-guild predator of aphid predators other than coccinellids, including the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus and lacewing Chrysoperla carnea. However, little is known about the effect of intra-guild predation (IGP) by H. axyridis on hoverfly and lacewing populations in the field. In the present study molecular analyses were used to detect the DNA of E. balteatus and C. carnea in the gut contents of H. axyridis. Primers for the syrphid and chrysopid prey were designed and feeding experiments performed to determine how long prey DNA remains detectable in the guts of this ladybird. DNA detection was influenced by the life stage of the predator and species of prey. Meal size did not affect detection time, except when fourth instar individuals of H. axyridis were fed 10 eggs or one second instar of C. carnea. Predator weight, sex and morpho-type (melanic/non-melanic) did not influence DNA detection. The half-life of the time for which the DNA of the prey remained detectable was calculated for each predator-prey combination, and ranged from 8.9 to 52.4 h. This method can be used to study the ecological importance of IGP by H. axyridis on aphidophagous predators other than coccinellids in the field.
A New Approach to Fault Diagnosis of Power Systems Using Fuzzy Reasoning Spiking Neural P Systems

Fault diagnosis of power systems is an important task in power system operation. In this paper, fuzzy reasoning spiking neural P systems (FRSN P systems) are implemented for fault diagnosis of power systems for the first time. As a graphical modeling tool, FRSN P systems are able to represent fuzzy knowledge and perform fuzzy reasoning well. When the cause-effect relationship between candidate faulted section and protective devices is represented by the FRSN P systems, the diagnostic conclusion can be drawn by means of a simple parallel matrix based reasoning algorithm. Three different power systems are used to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis approach. The simulations show that the developed FRSN P systems based diagnostic model has notable characteristics of easiness in implementation, rapidity in parallel reasoning, and capability in handling uncertainties. In addition, it is independent of the scale of power system and can be used as a reliable tool for fault diagnosis of power systems.
Design of Polynomial Fuzzy Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Based on Nonsymmetric Fuzzy Clustering and Parallel Optimization

We first propose a Parallel Space Search Algorithm (PSSA) and then introduce a design of Polynomial Fuzzy Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (PFRBFNN) based on Nonsymmetric Fuzzy Clustering Method (NSFCM) and PSSA. The PSSA is a parallel optimization algorithm realized by using Hierarchical Fair Competition strategy. NSFCM is essentially an improved fuzzy clustering method, and the good performance in the design of “conventional” Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN) has been proven. In the design of PFRBFNN, NSFCM is used to design the premise part of PFRBFNN, while the consequence part is realized by means of weighted least square (WLS) method. Furthermore, HFC-PSSA is exploited here to optimize the proposed neural network. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed neural network leads to better performance in comparison to some existing neurofuzzy models encountered in the literature.
A New Single Phase AC/AC-Multilevel Converter for Traction Vehicles Operating On Ac Line Voltage

Abstract A new converter concept for direct connection to the power line of AC-fed traction vehicles will be introduced. This concept contains a new single phase AC/AC-modular-multilevel-converter (M2LC) and a concentrated medium-frequency transformer. A design for multi-system operation will be investigated that can operate on an AC 15 kV/1623 Hz as well as an AC 25 kV/50 Hz power line. The new single phase M2LC, enablingfour quadrant operation, forms the core of this converter concept. The basic characteristics of this new converter will be introduced. Simulations and analytical investigations underline the attractiveness of this new M2LC converter. This versatile traction converter concept stands out due to its modularity, its superior control characteristics as well as its good adaptability to various traction drives. Therefore, the single phase M2LC has the potential to replace the conventional transformer of future AC-fed traction vehicles.
Evidence of a recent magma dike intrusion at the slow spreading Lucky Strike segment, Mid-Atlantic ridge

[1] Mid-ocean ridge volcanic activity is the fundamental process for creation of ocean crust, yet the dynamics of magma emplacement along the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) are largely unknown. We present acoustical, seismological, and biological evidence of a magmatic dike intrusion at the Lucky Strike segment, the first detected from the deeper sections (>1500 m) of the MAR. The dike caused the largest teleseismic earthquake swarm recorded at Lucky Strike in >20 years of seismic monitoring, and one of the largest ever recorded on the northern MAR. Hydrophone records indicate that the rate of earthquake activity decays in a nontectonic manner and that the onset of the swarm was accompanied by 30 min of broadband (>3 Hz) intrusion tremor, suggesting a volcanic origin. Two submersible investigations of high-temperature vents located at the summit of Lucky Strike Seamount 3 months and 1 year after the swarm showed a significant increase in microbial activity and diffuse venting. This magmatic episode may represent one form of volcanism along the MAR, where highly focused pockets of magma are intruded sporadically into the shallow ocean crust beneath long-lived, discrete volcanic structures recharging preexisting seafloor hydrothermal vents and ecosystems. INDEX TERMS: 3035 Marine Geology and Geophysics: Midocean ridge processes; 7280 Seismology: Volcano seismology (8419); 8149 Tectonophysics: Planetary tectonics (5475); 4259 Oceanography: General: Ocean acoustics; 9325 Information Related to Geographic Region: Atlantic Ocean; KEYWORDS: Mid-Atlantic Ridge, earthquake, hydroacoustic
Treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma with single-agent apatinib

A 59-year-old woman was admitted and diagnosed as epithelial ovarian cancer. Postoperative pathological exam confirmed papillary adenocarcinoma. Then the patient received six cycles of chemotherapy with the regimen of paclitaxel plus nedaplatin. Two months after the last cycle, the recurrence of disease was revealed. Based on the gene detection revealing high expression of VEGF and low expression of RRM1, apatinib mesylate tablet was administered at a dose of 250 mg twice a day. During the administration of apatinib only manageable side effects occurred. About 8 months later a PET/CT scan suggested a partial remission of disease.
Generation of entangled matter qubits in two opposing parabolic mirrors

We propose a scheme for the remote preparation of entangled matter qubits in free space. For this purpose, a setup of two opposing parabolic mirrors is considered, each one with a single ion trapped at its focus. To get the required entanglement in this extreme multimode scenario, we take advantage of the spontaneous decay, which is usually considered as an apparent nuisance. Using semiclassical methods, we derive an efficient photon-path representation to deal with this problem. We also present a thorough examination of the experimental feasibility of the scheme. The vulnerabilities arising in realistic implementations reduce the success probability, but leave the fidelity of the generated state unaltered. Our proposal thus allows for the generation of high-fidelity entangled matter qubits with high rate.
Yu, Lujie and Li, Rui and Xu, Lie (2017) Distributed PLL-based control of offshore wind turbines connected with diode-rectifier based HVDC

A distributed PLL-based frequency control is proposed in this paper for offshore wind turbine converters connected with diode-rectifier based high-voltage-direct-current (HVDC) systems. The proposed control enables a large number of wind turbines to work autonomously to contribute to the offshore AC frequency and voltage regulation. The proposed control also provides automatic synchronization of the offline wind turbines to the offshore AC grid. Stability of the proposed frequency control is analyzed using root locus method. Moreover, an active dc voltage control of the onshore modular multilevel converter (MMC) is proposed to ride-through onshore AC fault, where the onshore MMC converter quickly increases the dc voltage by adding additional submodules in each phase, in order to rapidly reduce wind farm active power generation so as to achieve quick active power re-balance between the offshore and onshore sides. Thus the overvoltage of the submodule capacitor is alleviated during the onshore fault, reducing the possibility of system disconnection. Simulation results in PSCAD verify the proposed control strategy during start-up, synchronization and under onshore and offshore fault conditions.
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Trace Mineral Supplementation on the Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Fecal Mineral Excretion of Phase-fed, Grow-finish Swine

Concentrated livestock production has led to soil nutrient accumulation concerns. To reduce the environmental impact, it is necessary to understand current recommended livestock feeding practices. Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of trace mineral supplementation on performance, carcass composition, and fecal mineral excretion of phase-fed, grow-finish pigs. Crossbred pigs (Experiment 1 (Exp. 1), (n = 528); Experiment 2 (Exp. 2), (n = 560)) were housed in totally-slatted, confinement barns, blocked by weight, penned by sex, and randomly assigned to pens at approximately 18 kg BW. Treatments were allocated in a randomized complete block design (12 replicate pens per treatment) with 9 to 12 pigs per pen throughout the grow-finish period. In Exp. 1, the control diet (Io100) contained Cu as CuSO4, Fe as FeSO4, and Zn (of which 25% was ZnO and 75% was ZnO4) at concentrations of 63 and 378 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment 2 (O100) contained supplemental Cu, Fe, and Zn from organic sources (Bioplex, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) at concentrations of 19, 131, and 91 mg/kg, respectively, which are the commercially recommended dietary inclusion levels for these organic trace minerals. Organic Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations from O100 were reduced by 25% and 50% to form treatments 3 (O75) and 4 (O50-1), respectively. In Exp. 2, treatment 5 (Io25) contained 25% of the Cu, Fe, and Zn (inorganic sources) concentrations found in Io100. Treatment 6 (O50-2) was identical to the O50-1 diet from Exp. 1. Treatment 7 (O25) contained the experimental microminerals reduced by 75% from concentrations found in O100. Treatment 8 (O0) contained no trace mineral supplementation and served as a negative control for Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, tenth-rib backfat, loin muscle area and ADG did not differ (p>0.05) between treatments. Pigs fed the control diet (Io100) consumed less feed (p<0.01) compared to pigs fed diets containing organic trace minerals, thus, G:F was greater (p = 0.03). In Exp. 2, there were no differences among treatment means for loin muscle area, but pigs fed the reduced organic trace mineral diets consumed less (p<0.05) feed and tended (p = 0.10) to have less tenth-rib backfat compared to pigs fed the reduced inorganic trace mineral diet. Considering that performance and feed intake of pigs was not
Institutions, Public Debt and Foreign Finance

We study the role of domestic financial institutions in sustaining capital flows to the private and public sector of a country whose government can default on its debt. As in recent public debt crises, in our model public defaults weaken banks' balance sheets, disrupting domestic financial markets. This effect leads to a novel complementarity between private capital inflows and public borrowing, where the former sustain the latter by boosting the government's cost of default. Our key message is that, by shaping the direction of private capital flows, financial institutions determine whether financial integration improves or reduces government discipline. We explore the implications of this complementarity for financial liberalization and debt-financed bailouts of banks. We present some evidence consistent with complementarity.
Microseismic Activity and Basement Controls on an Active Intraplate Strike‐Slip Fault, Ceres–Tulbagh, South Africa

Earthquakes far from plate boundaries are poorly understood, because of few well‐studied examples and uncertainty of what controls the location of these events. In 1969 a damaging local magnitude ( M L) 6.3 strike‐slip earthquake, with no surface expression, occurred in the Ceres–Tulbagh region in the South African stable continental interior. Here, we present a microseismic study of the Ceres–Tulbagh area, conducted over three months in 2012, in which 172 events recorded on at least three stations follow a Gutenberg–Richter relationship for −1.5< M L<0.5. The events delineate a 5 km wide, subvertical zone that is microseismically active to a depth of 15 km. This fault zone is subparallel to the 1969 aftershock zone and at low angle to the regionally inferred greatest horizontal stress. We argue that the microseismically active zone is guided by inherited structures in the basement geology. This and similar structures may represent significant earthquake hazard in plate interiors. Online Material: Tables of station and event parameters, and P ‐ and S ‐wave arrival times.
A vulnerabilidade social de migrantes: uma análise qualitativa dos haitianos e sírios residentes na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte a partir dos critérios da CEPAL

This paper addresses the social vulnerability of Syrian and Haitian migrants established in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte. It relies on concepts related to the main theme of social vulnerability, under the concepts developed by CEPAL, to investigate the challenges faced by both groups, in a comparative analysis, from the perspective of a qualitative approach and techniques of participant observation.
Bottom‐up effects of soil quality on a coffee arthropod interaction web

Nutrient availability and soil quality influence herbivores through changes in plant traits and can have cascading effects on herbivore interactions. In complex systems, with many positive and negative interactions, the consequences of these bottom-up effects are still not well established. We carried out a set of studies to determine the impact of soil quality (organic compost amendments) on a hemipteran herbivore (Coccus viridis), two ant mutualists, predators, pathogens, parasitoids of C. viridis, and an arboreal arthropod community on coffee (Coffea arabica). We also determined the impact of Azteca instabilis ants on the arthropod community with an exclusion experiment. In an observational study, the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) of leaf tissue correlated negatively with C. viridis density, however caffeine content did not correlate with C. viridis. In a field experiment with coffee seedlings, both C. viridis and total arthropod abundance were greater on high-quality plants than on low-quality plants. Excluding A. instabilis resulted in higher C. viridis abundance and parasitism rate, and higher spider and total arthropod abundance. Although A. instabilis attendance of C. viridis only marginally differed across soil quality treatments, in a second experiment, Pheidole synanthropica ants recruited more workers per C. viridis individual on highrelative to low-quality plants. Soil quality treatments did not impact predator abundance or fungal pathogen prevalence. These results suggest soil quality impacts C. viridis herbivores, P. synanthropica ants, and total abundance of arthropods on coffee, but did not impact the third trophic level. Thus this study provides a complex case study of pathways in which bottom-up effects influence arthropod interaction webs. © 2013 Gonthier et al.