Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Educational nurse-led telephone intervention shortly before colonoscopy as a salvage strategy after previous bowel preparation failure: a multicenter randomized trial

Abstract Background The most important predictor of unsuccessful bowel preparation is previous failure. For those patients with previous failure, we hypothesized that a nurse-led educational intervention by telephone shortly before the colonoscopy appointment could improve cleansing efficacy. Methods We performed a multicenter, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Consecutive outpatients with previous inadequate bowel preparation were enrolled. Both groups received the same standard bowel preparation protocol. The intervention group also received reinforced education by telephone within 48 hours before the colonoscopy. The primary outcome was effective bowel preparation according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included all randomized patients. Per-protocol analysis included patients who could be contacted by telephone and the control cases. Results 657 participants were recruited by 11 Spanish hospitals. In the ITT analysis, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the rate of successful bowel preparation (77.3 % vs. 72 %; P = 0.12). In the intervention group, 267 patients (82.9 %) were contacted by telephone. Per-protocol analysis revealed significantly improved bowel preparation in the intervention group (83.5 % vs. 72.0 %; P = 0.001). Conclusion Among all patients with previous inadequate bowel preparation, nurse-led telephone education did not result in a significant improvement in bowel cleansing. However, in the 83 % of patients who could be contacted, bowel preparation was substantially improved. Phone education may therefore be a useful tool for improving the quality of bowel preparation in those cases.
Strategies to Modulate MicroRNA Functions for the Treatment of Cancer or Organ Injury

Cancer and organ injury—such as that occurring in the perioperative period, including acute lung injury, myocardial infarction, and acute gut injury—are among the leading causes of death in the United States and impose a significant impact on quality of life. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been studied extensively during the last two decades for their role as regulators of gene expression, their translational application as diagnostic markers, and their potential as therapeutic targets for disease treatment. Despite promising preclinical outcomes implicating miRNA targets in disease treatment, only a few miRNAs have reached clinical trials. This likely relates to difficulties in the delivery of miRNA drugs to their targets to achieve efficient inhibition or overexpression. Therefore, understanding how to efficiently deliver miRNAs into diseased tissues and specific cell types in patients is critical. This review summarizes current knowledge on various approaches to deliver therapeutic miRNAs or miRNA inhibitors and highlights current progress in miRNA-based disease therapy that has reached clinical trials. Based on ongoing advances in miRNA delivery, we believe that additional therapeutic approaches to modulate miRNA function will soon enter routine medical treatment of human disease, particularly for cancer or perioperative organ injury. Significance Statement MicroRNAs have been studied extensively during the last two decades in cancer and organ injury, including acute lung injury, myocardial infarction, and acute gut injury, for their regulation of gene expression, application as diagnostic markers, and therapeutic potentials. In this review, we specifically emphasize the pros and cons of different delivery approaches to modulate microRNAs, as well as the most recent exciting progress in the field of therapeutic targeting of microRNAs for disease treatment in patients.
Left Ventricular Volume Reduction and Reshaping as a Treatment Option for Heart Failure

ABSTRACT Left ventricular remodeling refers to a series of structural, cellular, molecular, metabolic, and functional changes that occur when the myocardium is subjected to abnormal mechanical and neurohormonal stresses. In chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, remodeling is characterized at the whole heart level by left ventricular dilation and transition of chamber shape from elliptical to spherical. These morphological changes are associated with distortion of the natural ventricular architecture and shifting of key structures; notably, the papillary muscles and mitral valve apparatus, into abnormal positions. Thus, remodeling is not only a consequence of the initial hemodynamic and metabolic insults that lead to heart failure but also serves to propagate the very same process, contributing to the progressive loss of ventricular function over time. Accordingly, restoring the normal ventricular size and halting or reversing the remodeling process has been an important target for many different heart failure therapies. This review discusses these different treatment options and highlights the need to combine treatments directed at the structural and hemodynamic abnormalities associated with heart failure in order to effectively reverse remodel the left ventricle.
Molecular genetics of early-onset Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are the two most common neurodegenerative diseases leading to early onset dementia ( G, m.8344A>G) and mutations in the PEO1 and ANT1 genes. This is the first report of a significant association between the mtDNA haplogroup cluster IWX and FTLD. The H2 MAPT haplotype was also associated with FTLD in our cohort. No significant differences in the frequencies of the mtDNA haplogroups were observed between the eoAD patients and controls, nor were there any pathogenic mutations detected in the genes analysed. The findings suggest that possession of the mtDNA haplogroup cluster IWX and the H2 MAPT haplotype may be possible risk factors for FTLD in our cohort. The absence of any pathogenic mutations in the MAPT, PGRN, APP or PSEN genes in our series, together with the previous reports of only a few mutations found in this region, supports a minor role for these genes in the aetiology of eoAD and FTLD in Northern Ostrobothnia and indicates that this population may have its own genetic features. There may be other, still unknown genetic factors to be discovered, that explain familial diseases in the region.
National comparisons of early career researchers' scholarly communication attitudes and behaviours

The paper compares the scholarly communication attitudes and practices of early career researchers (ECRs) in eight countries concerning discovery, reading, publishing, authorship, open access, and social media. The data are taken from the most recent investigation in the 4‐year‐long Harbingers project. A survey was undertaken to establish whether the scholarly communication behaviours of the new wave of researchers are uniform, progressing, or changing in the same overall direction or whether they are impacted significantly by national and cultural differences. A multilingual questionnaire hosted on SurveyMonkey was distributed in 2019 via social media networks of researchers, academic publishers, and key ECR platforms in the UK, USA, France, China, Spain, Russia, Malaysia, and Poland. Over a thousand responses were obtained, and the main findings are that there is a significant degree of diversity in terms of scholarly communication attitudes and practices of ECRs from the various countries represented in the study, which cannot be solely explained by the different make‐up of the samples. China, Russia, France, and Malaysia were more likely to be different in respect to a scholarly activity, and responses from the UK and USA were relatively similar.
From reactive towards anticipatory fishing agents

ABSTRACT Governing human-environmental ecosystems is a complex problem. Rule-based fisheries models are faced with several challenges. First, for large geographical problems like oceans, they require considerable time to find satisfactory solutions. Second, they tend to be reactive rather than anticipatory. Behavioural assumptions directly impact fishers’ capacity for adaptation and behaviour, which influences possible management strategies. To capture style and speed of adaptation to changes in the environment, coupled human-environment models must progress toward cognitively and socio-culturally realistic representations of fisher decision-making. In this paper, we implement the erotetic decision-making model in the POSEIDON fisheries model. The agents replicate observed behaviours such as fishing the line of a Marine Protected Area, using Individually Tradable Quotas, and returning to favoured fishing locations, and learning to break rules given harsh constraints. This provides a principled proof that reasons-based cognitive structures allow for anticipatory behavioural adaptation rather than reactive behavioural adaptation.
Effect of Some Libyan Medicinal Plants on Hematological Profile, Cholesterol Level and Immune Status of Broiler Chicken.

A study was conducted to determine the effect of three native plants from El-Jabal al ELAkhdar, (Libya) on hematological profile, cholesterol and immune response to ND vaccine in broiler chickens. A total of 1260 one-day-old male Cobb chickens were used in the experiment. Chickens were assigned to 7 treatment groups (6 replicates per treatment). The dietary treatments included basal diet with no additives (control), and 6 other dietary treatments (Arbutus pavarii, Salvia officinalis and Zizyphus Vulgaris) each of which was added at the rate of 0.5g and 1g/kg of basal diet. Results explicitly revealed that no significant change in TLC between the treated and control groups has been recorded. A significant heteropenia was recorded at the third week of treatment with 1% A. Pavarii 0.5 S. Officinalis and 0.5 Z. Vulgaris when compared to control group. However, the lymphocytic count show a significant increase (P≤0.05) in all treated groups compared to the control groups. Immunologically, an enhanced humeral immune response was very obvious based upon the significant elevation of antibody titer at the third week of treatment for all groups received 1 % of the three types of plants. Interestingly , cholesterol levels were significantly elevated at the six week of treatment with 0.5 % Z. Vulgaris while highest decline in cholesterol levels were recorded in group that have received 0.5 S. Officinalis.
Sea Level Trend and Fronts in the South Atlantic Ocean

The understanding of the physical drivers of sea level trend is crucial on global and regional scales. In particular, little is known about the sea level trend in the South Atlantic Ocean in comparison with other parts of the world. In this work, we computed the South Atlantic mean sea level (SAMSL) trend from 25 years of satellite altimetry data, and we analyzed the contributions of steric height (thermosteric and halosteric components) and ocean mass changes for the period 2005–2016 when all the source data used (Argo, GRACE and satellite altimetry) overlap. The SAMSL trend is 2.65 ± 0.24 mm/yr and is mostly explained by ocean mass trend, which is 2.22 ± 0.21 mm/yr. However, between 50° S–33° S, the steric height component constitutes the main contribution in comparison with the ocean mass component. Within that latitudinal band, three regions with trend values higher than the SAMSL trend are observed when considering 25 years of satellite SLA. In the three regions, a southward displacement of the Subtropical, Subantarctic, and Polar Fronts is observed. The southward shift of the fronts is associated with the strengthening and polar shift of westerly winds and contributes to a clear thermosteric trend that translates to the SLA trend observed in those regions.
The responses of some Lepidoptera to labiate herb and white clover extracts

Herbs have been traditionally used as intercrops with crop plants on the assumption that their odour repels pest species. Alcohol extracts and essential oils of labiate herbs were tested in the laboratory for deterrent/repellent responses to ovipositing Plutella xylostella (L.) and feeding larvae of P. xylostella and Pieris brassicae L.
Species of Garra and Discogobio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Yuanjiang (Upper Red River) drainage of Yunnan Province, China with description of a new species

The species of Garra Hamilton and Discogobio Lin from the Yuanjiang (Red River) drainage in Yunnan Province, China are reviewed. Six species are recorded. Placocheilus Wu is a synonym of Garra. Garra alticorpora Chu and Cui is a synonym of G. imberba Garman (the G. pingi Tchang of earlier authors). Garra micropulvinus, a new species, is unique among Garra in having a median notch in the posterior margin of the oral sucking disc and 2-7 small fleshy buds between the skin fold and the side of the median pad. http://zoolstud.sinica. edu.tw/Journals/44.4/445.pdf.
State policy on the formation of students’ civic and social competences in conditions of educational reform

The article emphasizes the relevance of the formation of students’ civic and socialThe article emphasizes the relevance of the formation of students’ civic and socialcompetences during the reformation of educational institutions according to the concept of the NewUkrainian School with the ability to appreciate the cultural diversity of different peoples and identifythemselves as citizens of Ukraine, contributing to the upbringing of the Ukrainian patriot. Emphasis isplaced on the results of the research and experimental work “Formation of the value-meaningfulsphere of children of preschool and primary school age” on the issues of national-patriotic education.It is proposed to consider the national idea through the philosophical reflection of the educationalissues in the conditions of globalization and to identify the tendencies of developing nationaleducation in response to the challenges and risks of modern society that affect the functioning ofeducational institutions. In order to solve theoretical issues, it is important to involve the scientificresults of specialists in different directions: public administration (process management, statesecurity), philosophy (forming national consciousness), pedagogy (methodology and technology ofpedagogical influence), psychology (problems of motivation and self-identification), sociology(opinion survey), communication theory (media outreach), cultural studies (preserving nationalculture, traditions, tolerance and politics of multiculturalism), politology (preserving the state),national security (preserving social standards, defining social partners, developing social projects,considering requests for social justice), economy (determing priorities of budgetary and non-budgetary financing of educational institutions, involving cooperation of local self-government bodies, business structures and public organizations). It is determined that the reasons of insufficientlevel of teachers’ readiness for systematic and purposeful work on patriotic upbringing of studentsshould be sought in the incomplete use of the potential of the educational subjects, the lack ofscientific and substantive methods and a set of didactic tools (textbooks, audiobooks, teachingmaterials) providing support in the practical acquisition of students’ knowledge, skills, and creativeuse of them in cognitive activity.
Reimagining the spectrum of affective disorders

The diagnostic validity and stability of major psychiatric diagnoses is an area of perennial debate and controversy. We read with great interest the prospective study by Baryshnikov et al., in which the authors investigated the occurrence of diagnostic 'conversion' from unipolar depression to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder, based on data from a 15-year follow-up of a nationwide register-based cohort in Finland (n = 43,495).
Induced polarization effect on grounded-wire transient electromagnetic data from transverse electric and magnetic fields

Transient electromagnetic (TEM) data can be seriously distorted by induced polarization (IP) phenomena when a polarizable body is present. The TEM field generated by a grounded-wire source contains transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The IP effect is most commonly studied with the TEM total field, rather than considering the difference between TE and TM fields. To investigate the effect of IP phenomena on the TE and TM fields, we have performed a detailed analysis on IP-distorted TEM data based on numerical and field examples. We first compare the IP effect on the TE and TM fields when polarizable bodies with different polarizable parameters are present. The TM field is more severely affected by the IP effect than the TE field. Compared to a single grounded-wire source, a double-line grounded-wire source can generate a larger TM field in the horizontal electric field. We compare the IP effect on TEM data from single- and double-line grounded-wire TEM configurations, and find that the data from the double-line configuration have a higher TM/TE ratio and are more severely affected by IP phenomena than in the single-line case. Thus, it would be easier to identify and extract the IP response from field data acquired with a double-line grounded-wire source configuration. These results have been verified by a field survey of the Kalatongke copper-nickel ore district, which has predominantly layered geology, in Xinjiang, China.
Can vitamin C and interleukin 6 levels predict preterm premature rupture of membranes: evaluating possibilities in North Indian population

Objective We aimed to evaluate the relation between plasma ascorbic acid levels and the occurrence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and whether patients with ascorbic acid deficiency have predisposition to microbial invasion, as revealed by serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and confirmed by placental culture sensitivity evaluation. Methods This controlled study involved 50 women with PPROM at gestational age between 28 and 36.6 weeks. Fifty patients with uncomplicated pregnancy and intact membranes were observed as control group. Serum ascorbic acid and IL-6 levels were evaluated for PPROM group subjects and controls, matched by their gestational age and body mass index. Repeat samples for IL-6 were taken after 48 hours of admission in PROM group subjects and at the onset of labor in controls. Placental membranes were sent for culture sensitivity evaluation after delivery. Results The mean plasma level of ascorbic acid was 0.60±0.35 mg/dL and 1.18±0.43 mg/dL in the PPROM and control groups, respectively, showing significant difference. Plasma IL-6 level rose from 18.18±5.94 pg/mL to 34.32±7.31 pg/mL after 48 hours of admission in the PPROM group (P=0.000). Plasma IL-6 level in controls rose from 5.59±4.36 pg/mL at admission to 7.36±3.67 pg/mL at the onset of labor. Membrane culture test results were positive in a total of 40 samples, of which 37 samples were from the PPROM group subjects. Conclusion Vitamin C deficiency, when complemented with elevated serum IL-6 level, can predict susceptibility to PPROM in the third trimester; the risk increases in women with prior history of similar pathology.
Studies on African Myrmicinae, I (Hymenoptera, Formicidae).

This study2 is based on collections made while I was biologist to the Central African Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History, types being deposited in this museum. Unpublished records from my 1939 African expedition are also included. Africa, up to a generation ago, was not considered to have a particularly rich fauna of ants belonging to the subfamily Myrmicinae, but many species have since been added. It can now be shown to have a great and highly varied fauna, and the present paper adds to our knowledge of some of the more obscure genera, several of which are exclusively African.
Predator-Prey Relationships Among Aquatic Insects

It is not surprising that the majority of studies concerning aquatic insect predator­ prey relationships involve the aquatic stages of mosquitoes as the prey (26, 40), and in some instances as the predator (14, 15, 68). Most mosquito larvae are easy to rear and maintain, and make excellent prey for a wide variety of aquatic organisms. In addition, the biting nuisance and disease vector significance of many species of adult mosquitoes has encouraged considerable attention being given to their natural enemies. Other than mosquito larvae, simuliid larvae ·and chironomid larvae are the most frequently studied invertebrate prey in the freshwater habitat. Neither of these groups, however, are as convenient to rear or as easy to observe for predation as are mosquito larvae. Most chironomid larvae dwell in tubes or in mud, while most blackfly larvae occur attached to rocks in fast-flowing streams (39). Predator-prey relationship studies involving other aquatic insects are few (18, 75). Laboratory studies of aquatic insect predation are fairly common, but field evalu­ ations have been relatively rare. These have been restricted mostly to rock pools (35, 60) and other small or container-like bodies of water (38). This is not surprising when one considers the difficulties involved in viewing insects through a reflective surface that is often moving and distorted, or obscured with plants, debris, or scum. Moreover, the water itself is often too murky from either algae or sediment for direct observation, and where it is clear many predators and prey are too small and too well camouflaged to be visible. Stationary underwater observation structures (3) permit a truer understanding of prey selection and predator behavior than can be obtained in aquaria, but quantitative assessment of predator effects are more difficult to obtain. Mosquito and chironomid midge larvae for instance, are quick to appear in newly filled depressions and temporary ponds. These prey are followed almost simultaneously by a large array of predators that feed also upon one another, and upon a constant rain of terrestrial insects that fall upon the water surface (19, 73).
Heuristic approaches to size microgrids: a methodology to compile multiple design options

With the aim of maximizing profits of specific business applications, economics, and sometimes reliability and environmental constraints, have been widely guiding developers when designing microgrids. However, mathematical indicators alone, yet relevant, may not be able to fully capture the sociopolitical and geographical circumstances under which developers operate, especially in rural areas of developing countries. In this paper, we propose a methodology for obtaining microgrid designs that not only achieves the traditional economic-efficient optimal solution but also suggests multiple design options that increase the eligibility for developers, which can select an option given their particular circumstances. Based on a consolidated heuristic method, Particle Swarm Optimization, our algorithm identifies several design options of the microgrid's components, by using an iterative approach that stores the simulations occurring in each iteration. The results from an illustrative numerical case study highlight that significantly different designs can lead to similar values of the objective function, i.e. investment and operational costs. Our proposed methodology is of particular interest for developers, who have the opportunity to choose among a set of different technological solutions, but similar in economic terms.