Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open-Access Silicon Photonics: Current Status and Emerging Initiatives

Silicon photonics is widely acknowledged as a game-changing technology, driven by the needs of datacom and telecom. Silicon photonics builds on highly capital-intensive manufacturing infrastructure, and mature open-access silicon photonics platforms are translating the technology from research fabs to industrial manufacturing levels. To meet the current market demands for silicon photonics manufacturing, a variety of open-access platforms is offered by CMOS pilot lines, R&D institutes, and commercial foundries. This paper presents an overview of existing and upcoming commercial and noncommercial open-access silicon photonics technology platforms. We also discuss the diversity in these open-access platforms and their key differentiators.
FogNetSim++: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Distributed Fog Environment

Fog computing is a technology that brings computing and storage resources near to the end user. Being in its infancy, fog computing lacks standardization in terms of architectures and simulation platforms. There are a number of fog simulators available today, among which a few are open-source, whereas rest are commercially available. The existing fog simulators mainly focus on a number of devices that can be simulated. Generally, the existing simulators are more inclined toward sensors’ configurations, where sensors generate raw data and fog nodes are used to intelligently process the data before sending to back-end cloud or other nodes. Therefore, these simulators lack network properties and assume reliable and error-free delivery on every service request. Moreover, no simulator allows researchers to incorporate their own fog nodes management algorithms, such as scheduling. In existing work, device handover is also not supported. In this paper, we propose a new fog simulator called FogNetSim++1 that provides users with detailed configuration options to simulate a large fog network. It enables researchers to incorporate customized mobility models and fog node scheduling algorithms, and manage handover mechanisms. In our evaluation setup, a traffic management system is evaluated to demonstrate the scalability and effectiveness of proposed simulator in terms of CPU and memory usage. We have also benchmarked the network parameters, such as execution delay, packet error rate, handovers, and latency.1available at https://fognetsimpp.com
Passive mechanical gravity compensation for robot manipulators

A simple mechanical method for passively compensating for gravitationally induced joint torques is presented. This energy-conservative gravity-compensation method is suitable for a variety of manipulator designs. With cables and appropriate pulley profiles, changes in potential energy associated with link motion through a gravity field can be mapped to changes in strain energy storage in spring elements. The resulting system requires significant energy input only for acceleration and deceleration or to resist external forces. A testbed with both single- and double-link configurations has demonstrated the efficiency and accuracy of this gravity compensation method, as well as its robustness under dynamic loading conditions. <<ETX>>
computational development

Man has walked on the moon, explored the deepest oceans and built atomic-scale processing devices. With our technological prowess, we like to think that we know everything. But there are still some fundamental questions that remain unanswered. They are so fundamental that our children often ask them of us, to our bewilderment and confusion. A common example is, 'where did I come from? ' The answer to this simple question is so complex, that hundreds of years of research and the work of tens of thousands of scientists have not fully answered it. We know the answer has something to do with evolution, a molecule called DNA, httle machines called cells, special chemicals called proteins and a set of processes that follow the instructions in the DNA to develop a hugely comphcated organism. We know quite a bit about evolution. But the developmental processes that created you and me from a single fertihzed egg are still proving a challenge to understand. One of the aims of this book is to improve our ability to answer questions like this. Embryology has come a long way since the times of Hippocrates, Aristotle and even Roux (Needham, 1959; Wolpert, 1969, 1998). With the amalgamation of disciplines such as cellular biology, molecular biology and genetics, embryology is, as Bolker observes, no longer a 'black box' and cannot be ignored (Chapter 4). Now better known as developmental biology, the field has seen dramatic progress. Genetics, for example, has promised profound insights into development with the Human Genome Project completing its initial quest to sequence the entire human genome and, more recently, the complete sequencing of the mouse genome has strengthened such promises. But even with knowledge of genes, proteins and cells, how can we determine their function during development? Remove a gene and you will see a change in the fully developed organism; remove a person from a crowd of friends and their conversation might take a different course. Does that mean that the gene caused that phenotypic change, or that the missing person caused a change of conversational topic? Not necessarily. Calculating the impact of each element within a complex interacting system is very difficult. To do it, we need new tools. We need computer models.
Principles and Practice of Obstetric Anaesthesia

Read more and get great! That's what the book enPDFd principles and practice of obstetric anaesthesia will give for every reader to read this book. This is an on-line book provided in this website. Even this book becomes a choice of someone to read, many in the world also loves it so much. As what we talk, when you read more every page of this principles and practice of obstetric anaesthesia, what you will obtain is something great.
Applying the swept rule for explicit partial differential equation solutions on heterogeneous computing systems

Applications that exploit the architectural details of high performance computing (HPC) systems have become increasingly invaluable in academia and industry over the past two decades. The most important hardware development of the last decade in HPC has been the General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU), a class of massively parallel devices that now contributes the majority of computational power in the top 500 supercomputers. As these systems grow small costs such as latency---the fixed cost of memory accesses---accumulate over the numerous iterations in a large simulation and become a significant barrier to performance. The swept time-space decomposition rule is a communication-avoiding technique for time-stepping stencil update formulas that attempts to sidestep a portion of the latency costs. This work extends the swept rule by targeting heterogeneous, CPU/GPU architectures representative of current and future HPC systems. We compare our approach to a naive decomposition scheme with two test equations using an MPI+CUDA pattern on 40 processes over two nodes containing one GPU. We show that the swept rule produces a 4--18x speedup with the heat equation and a 1.5-3x speedup with the Euler equations using the same processors and work distribution. These results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of the swept rule for different equations and numerical schemes on massively parallel compute systems that incur substantial latency costs.
Long noncoding RNA Malat1 is not essential for T cell development and response to LCMV infection

ABSTRACT Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical mediators of various biological processes in the immune system. The current data showed that the lncRNA Malat1 is highly expressed in T cell subsets, but the function of Malat1 in T cell remains unclear. In this study, we detected the T cell development and both CD8+ and CD4+ T cell response to LCMV infection using Malat1−/- mice model. To our surprise, there were no significant defects in thymocytes at different developmental stages and the peripheral T cell pool with ablation of Malat1. During LCMV infection, Malat1−/- mice exhibited normal effector and memory CD8+ T cells as well as TFH cells differentiation. Our results indicated that Malat1 is not essential for T cell development and T cell-mediated antiviral response though it expresses at very high level in different T cell populations.
Growth performance, carcass and meat quality of lambs supplemented different vegetable oils

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rapeseed and linseed oil supplementations on performance and meat quality of lambs. METHODS The experiment was conducted on 18 growing (100-day-old) lambs of 19.7±1.9 kg live weight, assigned to 3 groups of 6 animals each. Control lambs were fed meadow hay and concentrate alone. Experimental animals additionally received rapeseed or linseed oils at a dose of 50 g/d. The lambs were slaughtered at an average body weight of 35.7±0.5 kg. RESULTS The dressing percentage was higher in lambs fed rapeseed oil. Total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C21:0, C24:0 were lower in longissimus dorsi muscle (MLD) in lambs fed linseed oil. Supplementation of diet with linseed oil decreased concentrations of total monounsaturated fatty acids and C16:1, C17:1, C18:1 cis-9 in MLD. The concentrations of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and C18:3 n-3, C20:5 n-3 in MLD were higher in lambs fed linseed oil than in other groups. Oils supplementation to diets resulted in increased concentration of C22:6 n-3 in MLD. The inclusion of linseed oil into the diet increased the contents of total PUFA, n-3 PUFA and C18:3 n-3, C20:5 n-3, C22:6 n-3 in semitendinosus muscle in comparison to control. A tendency towards a lower n:6/n:3 ratio in MLD was observed when lambs were supplemented linseed oil. CONCLUSION The supplementation of linseed oil to diets seems to reduce the concentration of SFA and increase the concentration of n-3 PUFA. The n-6/n-3 ratio is an important nutritional factor, and its value has been favorably decreased below 2, thereby achieving an important target related to human health. Due to these changes carcass fatty acid profile was improved, and so enhanced lamb meat healthy properties.
Persistence and the Reductions in GDP Volatility

A number of explanations for the observed decline in GDP volatility since the mid‐1980s have been offered. Valerie Ramey and Daniel Vine (2003a, 2003b) in a couple of recent papers offer the hypothesis that a decline in the persistence of sales is an explanation for the decline in GDP volatility. Their models show that a decrease in sales persistence leads to a decline in the variance of production relative to the variance of sales. They provide econometric evidence that the persistence of unit automobile sales has declined at both the aggregate and model level. This paper explores reasons why sales persistence may have declined and then tests the Ramey‐Vine hypothesis with monthly chain‐weighted sales data from 2‐ and 3‐digit manufacturing and trade industries. The estimates confirm the Ramey‐Vine findings for motor vehicle retailers, wholesalers, and manufacturers. For a number of industries outside of motor vehicles, especially those in wholesaling and nondurable manufacturing, considerable evidence is found of declines in sales persistence. These declines seem to be consistent with changes in supply and distribution chains that have occurred as the result of the introduction of new information, inventory, and production control systems. However, in equations estimated for aggregate manufacturing, wholesaling, and retail sector sales, declines in sales persistence are not found. JEL Classifications: E32, E22, E23 F. Owen Irvine is Associate Professor in the Department of Economics at Michigan State University and a Visiting Scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. His email address is irvinef@msu.edu. This paper, which may be revised, is available on the web site of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston at http://www.bos. frb.org/economic/wp/index.htm. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect official positions of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston or the Federal Reserve System. Many thanks to seminar participants at the ISIR 13th International Symposium on Inventories and two anonymous referees who made very helpful suggestions and to Jennifer Young and David DeRemer who provided excellent research assistance. This paper was originally prepared for the ISIR 13th International Symposium on Inventories, Budapest, Hungary, August 23‐27, 2004. This version: September 2005. 1
Climatic niche evolution in turtles is characterized by phylogenetic conservatism for both aquatic and terrestrial species

Understanding how the climatic niche of species evolved has been a topic of high interest in current theoretical and applied macroecological studies. However, little is known regarding how species traits might influence climatic niche evolution. Here, we evaluated patterns of climatic niche evolution in turtles (tortoises and freshwater turtles) and whether species habitat (terrestrial or aquatic) influences these patterns. We used phylogenetic, climatic and distribution data for 261 species to estimate their climatic niches. Then, we compared whether niche overlap between sister species was higher than between random species pairs and evaluated whether niche optima and rates varied between aquatic and terrestrial species. Sister species had higher values of niche overlap than random species pairs, suggesting phylogenetic climatic niche conservatism in turtles. The climatic niche evolution of the group followed an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model with different optimum values for aquatic and terrestrial species, but we did not find consistent evidence of differences in their rates of climatic niche evolution. We conclude that phylogenetic climatic niche conservatism occurs among turtle species. Furthermore, terrestrial and aquatic species occupy different climatic niches but these seem to have evolved at similar evolutionary rates, reinforcing the importance of habitat in understanding species climatic niches and their evolution.
Local Deformation of Glasses Is Mediated by Rigidity Fluctuation and Granularity

Microscopic deformation processes lie at the origin of defect formation on glass surfaces, thus determining the material’s resistance to scratching and mechanical failure. While the macroscopic strength of most glasses is not directly depending on material composition, local deformation and flaw initiation are strongly affected by chemistry and atomic arrangement. Aside empirical insight, however, the structural origin of the fundamental deformation modes remains largely unknown. Experimental methods which probe parameters on short or intermediate length-scale such as atom-atom or super-structural correlations are typically applied in the absence of alternatives. Drawing on recent experimental advances, we now probe spatial variations in the low-frequency vibrational density of states which result from sharp contact deformation of vitreous silica. From direct observation of deformation-induced variations on the characteristic length-scale of molecular heterogeneity, we argue that rigidity fluctuation on the scale of a few nanometers governs the deformation process of inorganic glasses.
Does Lack of Health Insurance Mediate the Relationship Between Employment Hardships and Unmet Health Care Needs Among Single Mothers?

Using data from a national sample of 451 single mothers collected 24 months during and after the Great Recession, this study tested four hypotheses related to comprehensive measures of employment problems, number of months without health insurance, and unmet medical or dental needs. The results indicate positive relationships between employment problems and unmet medical or dental needs, employment problems and lacking health insurance, and lacking health insurance and unmet medical or dental needs. Most important, lack of health care coverage significantly reduced the relationships between unemployment (by 26%) and underemployment (by 56%) and unmet medical or dental needs. These results indicate that lack of health insurance at least partially mediates the effects of employment problems on single mothers experiencing an unmet medical or dental need. The findings have implications for these mothers’ medical and dental care access, which are discussed within the context of the recent health care reforms.
Nonlinear Identification of an Unmanned Quadcopter Rotor Dynamics using RBF Neural Networks

The unmodelled rotor dynamics in accelerated flight have a negative effect in the robustness and performance of an unmanned quadcopter, which could result in mission failure in adverse conditions or rotor faults. The nonlinear identification of an unmanned quadcopter rotor dynamics is investigated in this paper. The rotor dynamics are considered in terms of a first-order flapping dynamic model with the dynamics estimated using the radial basis function (RBF) neural networks. A RBF structure based on a continuous forward algorithm (CFA) is implemented for the estimation of a longitudinal rotor flapping dynamic coefficient. This was achieved through optimal input design by the maximization of the spectral density function and predicting the resonant frequency response from the RBF output. This was computed at various trim speeds and training data noise levels and compared with a linear model. The prediction accuracy and robustness to noise of the CFA algorithm proved that the proposed approach can result in better understanding of quadcopter flapping dynamic for high fidelity flight controller design.
Application of intracytoplasmic sperm injection to the embryo production in aged cows

Reduction in oocyte quality is a major factor responsible for declining fertility associated with maternal aging in cows. The objective of the present study was to determine whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) could increase the efficiency of embryo production in older cows. We used cows aged 30 to 50 months or >120 months, which were defined as young or aged, respectively. The distribution of cortical granules in oocytes was affected by age as older cows had lower proportion of oocytes with mature cytoplasm containing evenly dispersed cortical granules compared to young cows. Although fertilization rates did not differ significantly between the two groups after in vitro fertilization (IVF), the rate of abnormal fertilization was higher, and the numbers of total and diploid blastocysts were lower for aged cows compared to young cows. However, in the embryos produced by ICSI, there was no significant difference in these parameters between young and aged cows. Although ICSI did not improve the blastocyst development rate, ICSI increased the proportion of diploid blastocysts in aged cows compared to IVF. In conclusion, maternal aging may negatively affect cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes, which could be associated with abnormal fertilization or low developmental competence of oocytes. Our data also suggests beneficial effects of ICSI on the production of chromosomally normal embryos in aged cows.
Kinetics, mechanism, and identification of photodegradation products of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid

ABSTRACT Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against many plant pathogens, produced by Pseudomonas and other species. The biosynthesis and regulation of PCA has been well documented, but there is no report about its photochemical properties. Herein, the photodegradation of PCA was carried out in an aqueous solution under the irradiation of visible light to investigate the kinetics, mechanism, and identification of photodegradation products of PCA. Results revealed that photodegradation of PCA accorded well with first-order reaction kinetics. The measured half-life of PCA was 2.2 days at pH 5.0 and increased to 37.6 days at pH 6.8 when exposed to visible light. When oxygen was removed from its solution, the half-life of PCA was doubled. Different units of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme (i.e. 0, 300, and 3000 units) and varying concentrations of sodium azide (i.e. 0 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg) were used to decipher the mechanism for PCA photodegradation. Hydroxyl PCA and hydroxy phenazine were tentatively identified as the degradation products of PCA photodegradation process by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained degradation products were further characterized and confirmed by HPLC-mass spectrometry and LC-MS/MS-based analytical approaches. In conclusion, the degradation of PCA was found to be light dependent, which could be accelerated by hydrogen ion and oxidant in the solution. The results suggest that PCA was more stable when stored in a neutral or alkaline environment or in the dark. Therefore, it is important to modify the PCA structure or use a suitable dosage for its broad-spectrum applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Antisepsis in Midwifery.

THE careful investigation into 5,800 maternal deaths associated with childbirth, recently reported by the Departmental Committee on Maternal Mortality and Morbidity of the Ministry of Health,’ has shomn that these deaths fall roughly into three categories, viz. : Group I. An indeterminable but small number of cases in which death was unavoidableat any rate, in the present state of medical knowledge. Cases of concealed accidental haemorrhage ar1.d cases of severe haemorrhage from placenta praevia would come into this group. A much larger number (which also cannot be at all ‘Lccurately ascertained) of cases in which dcath could have been avoided by better organization of our matei nity services, iiicluding antenatal work; by the better education of thc doctors and nurses practising midwifery ; and by the elimination of mothers unfitted for childbearing, e.g. by pelvic deformity, heart disease. I t is to be hoped that this group will bc gradually diminished by measures such as those recommended by the Committee. A large group in which septic infection followed normal spontaneous labour (IS per cent of all the deaths directly due to childbearing), or in which such infection followed labours assisted by some minor obstetric operation, not in itself of a damaging or dangerous character. Probably it would not be an over estimate to say that 25 per cent of all maternal deaths (50 per cent of all the deaths directly due to sepsis) come into this category. I t is this last group that we are chiefly concerned with in this Group 2.