Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling the influence of the Earth rotation axis position on the global climate variations

This study presents the results of numerical experiments to determine the Earth’s climate when its rotation axis is displaced without changing the axis tilt to the ecliptic plane. There is some evidence of the possibility of this shift in the past. The calculations were carried out using a hydrodynamic three-dimensional global climate model, including blocks of atmosphere, thermohaline large-scale ocean circulation and sea ice. Numerical experiments demonstrate a significant temperature changes throughout the world. A large area of Antarctica warmed up to temperatures above 15 ° C. This is reason of intense melting of glaciers for a long time. Significant warming of the Arctic Ocean will lead to sea ice melting in the Arctic. Strong changes in temperature and ice cover lead to significant changes in horizontal ocean circulation. A procedure is proposed for calculating wind speed in atmosphere energy - moisture balance model. It is based on the geostrophic approach, taking into account the thermal component of the wind, and introducing the mechanism of friction on the underlying surface. A technique has been developed for the formation of the necessary maps and the relationships between them when turning the Earth rotation axis or using new cartographic data.
Strong Admissibility Skeletonization Factorization for Fast Direct Solution of Electromagnetic Scattering From Conducting Objects

In this article, a fast direct solver based on strong admissibility skeletonization factorization (SASF) is proposed for electromagnetic scattering from conducting objects. Different from the conventional skeletonization scheme, the proposed skeletonization constructs the hierarchical matrix representation, in which only far-field interactions are compressed. As a result, the approximation rank is relatively small, and the computational efficiency will have significant improvement. Subsequently, the strong skeletonization factorization is applied to the compressed system matrix. The system matrix can be factorized into products of a series of block unit triangular matrices and a block diagonal matrix. The arising fill-in blocks corresponding to far-field interactions are compressed and eliminated by a novel and efficient method to maintain the high efficiency and accuracy of the factorization procedure. The computational complexity and storage requirement of the proposed factorization scale as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N^{1.5})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N \log N)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. Several numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Automatic Sleep Staging Based on EEG-EOG Signals for Depression Detection

In this paper, an automatic sleep scoring system based on electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrooculogram (EOG) signals was proposed for sleep stage classification and depression detection. Our automatic sleep stage classification method contained preprocessing based on independent component analysis, feature extraction including spectral features, spectral edge frequency features, absolute spectral power, statistical features, Hjorth features, maximum-minimum distance and energy features, and a modified ReliefF feature selection. Finally, a support vector machine was employed to classify four states (awake, light sleep [LS], slow-wave sleep [SWS] and rapid eye movement [REM]). The overall accuracy of the Sleep-EDF database reached 90.10 ± 2.68% with a kappa coefficient of 0.87 ± 0.04. Furthermore, a depression recognition method was developed to distinguish the patients with depression from healthy subjects. Specifically, according to the differences in sleep patterns between the two groups, REM latency, sleep latency, LS proportion, SWS proportion, sleep maintenance and arousal times were employed in this study. Sleep data from 12 healthy individuals and 19 patients with depression were applied to the system. The accuracy of the recognition results reached 95.24%, thus verifying the feasibility of our approach.
Polyacrylamide-induced coagulation process removing suspended solids from palm oil mill effluent

ABSTRACT Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a colloidal suspension with 2–4% suspended solids. About 50% of the suspended solids are cellulosic compounds, which are not degraded in the typical biological treatment systems. Chemical (polymer-induced coagulation) and physical (settling) pretreatment methods were examined to remove the suspended solids in this study. A novel physicochemical treatment with high water recovery and sludge compressibility including three cationic polyacrylamides (C-PAM; as coagulant) and three anionic polyacrylamides (A-PAM; as flocculant) with different molecular weights and charge densities was used. The coagulants used were biodegradable. The combination of a C-PAM (Chemfloc1515C) with medium molecular weight and charge density and an A-PAM (Chemfloc 430A) with high molecular weight and charge density at doses of 300 and 50 mg/dm3 showed the best total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (96.4 and 70.9%, respectively). The optimal condition was found at pH 5, rapid mixing at 150 rpm for 1 min, and slow mixing at 40 rpm for 30 s. As a conclusion, the physiochemical pretreatment using biodegradable coagulants was a promising alternative to effectively separate TSS (96.4%) with high water recovery (76%).
Are tyrosine kinase inhibitors fit for purpose in the treatment of metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma?

Renal cell carcinoma encompasses a range of histological subtypes. The treatment of metastatic disease in this context remains challenging. Papillary renal cell carcinoma is the second most common subtype and forms a significant subsection of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors form a significant part of the treatment of this largely incurable disease; however, outcomes tend to be poor. The aim of this article is to scrutinise whether these treatments are evidence-based in their use for metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma and if good outcomes are reported. A literature review was made using PubMed of major prospective and retrospective studies. The European Association of Urology and European Society of Medical Oncology have both published guidance suggesting sunitinib should be offered first line in the treatment of metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma. This, however, is based upon weak evidence produced by the ASPEN trial, although this did not discriminate between non-clear cell subtypes and results in further studies were modest. The National Institute for Care and Health Excellence has recently published new guidelines for the use of cabozantinib, which has shown evidence of improved progression-free survival and overall response rates compared with sunitinib. Unfortunately, many of the relevant studies did not specifically assess these treatments in patients solely with papillary renal cell carcinoma and had modest overall success. There is weak evidence that tyrosine kinase inhibitors give significant benefit in those patients with metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma. Level of evidence: 2a
Correlation between composition and structure of Pt x Ni y alloy nanodendrites

We have synthesized Pt x Ni y alloy nanodendrites by a thermal decomposition method. The structure and composition of the as-prepared samples were characterized by field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The growth mode of the Pt x Ni y alloy samples synthesized as a function of an intended atomic fraction of Ni was likely to be strongly affected by and reduction (or oxidation) potentials and surface energy.
Seasonal patterns in greenhouse gas emissions from lakes and ponds in a High Arctic polygonal landscape

Lakes and ponds can be hotspots for CO2 and CH4 emissions, but Arctic studies remain scarce. Here we present diffusive and ebullition fluxes collected over several years from 30 ponds and 4 lakes formed on an organic‐rich polygonal tundra landscape. Water body morphology strongly affects the mixing regime—and thus the seasonal patterns in gas emissions—with ice‐out and autumnal turnover periods identified as hot moments in most cases. The studied thermokarst lake maintained relatively high ebullition rates of millennia‐old CH4 (up to 3405 14C YBP). Larger and deeper kettle lakes maintained low fluxes of both gases (century to millennium‐old), slowly turning into a CO2 sink over the summer. During winter, lakes accumulated CO2, which was emitted during the ice‐out period. Coalescent polygonal ponds, influenced by photosynthesizing benthic mats, were continuous CO2 sinks, yet important CH4 emitters (modern carbon). The highest fluxes were recorded from ice‐wedge trough ponds (up to 96 mmol CO2 equivalent m−2 d−1). However, despite clear signs of permafrost carbon inputs via active shore erosion, these sheltered ponds emitted modern to century‐old greenhouse gases. As the ice‐free period lengthens, scenarios of warmer and wetter conditions could favor both the production of CO2 and CH4 from thawing permafrost carbon, and CH4 production from recently fixed carbon through an atmospheric CO2‐to‐CH4 shunt at sites in which primary production is stimulated. This must be carefully considered at the landscape scale, recognizing that older carbon stocks can be mineralized efficiently in specific locations, such as in thermokarst lakes.
The diagonal positioning of the goals modifies the external training load and the tactical behaviour of young football players

The aim of this study was to identify how positioning the goals in diagonal configurations on the pitch modifies the external training load and the tactical behaviour of young football players during small-sided games. Four teams of five outfield players and a goalkeeper played six small-sided games of five minutes’ duration in three different scenarios: 1) Control: goals placed one in front of the other; 2) Right diagonal goals: goals placed in the right-hand corner of the offensive half-pitch; and 3) Left diagonal goals: goals placed in the left-hand corner of the offensive half-pitch. The positioning-derived data from each player were collected with 10-Hz GPS units and were used to compute external load and tactical variables. Regarding the external load variables, differences were mainly focused on distance covered while walking in defence and game pace (variability), with higher values for the diagonal scenarios. Also, the length/width ratios in offence and defence were most likely lower in diagonal scenarios. In conclusion, the results showed that players’ adaptations to the environmental constraints of positioning the goals diagonally were the enhancement of the width team variable and the variability of the length.
Localisation and quantification of potential binding sites for compatibilisers on soft‐ and hardwood in wood–plastic composite systems

Chemical force microscopy (CFM) was used to characterise the surface of pine and beefwood with atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips coated with different compatibilisers. With the resulting force images, potential binding sites for compatibilisers, used in wood–plastic composites (WPC) to enhance adhesion between two relatively incompatible phases, were localised and quantified. Tips were coated with two commercially available polymers namely ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and polyethylene‐grafted maleic anhydride (PE‐g‐MA). It could be observed that the interaction forces between the EVOH coated tip and the wood surface was highly species sensitive, whereas adhesive forces measured between the PE‐g‐MA coated tip and the wood surface were comparable for both wood species. The force maps show that wood species differ in the distribution of functional groups, and the force histograms show that the frequency distribution of the adhesive forces varied for the two wood species. The adhesive force maps clearly show a difference between wood/compatibiliser systems, and the differences can be related to the chemical composition of the wood species. The results confirm that not all compatibilisers are equally suitable for all wood species and these results were confirmed by mechanical tensile tests of WPC systems in a related study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on the Construction of Ocean Big Data Platform and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Application Based on Internet of Things

The marine disaster prevention and mitigation information service system is a system that can provide information services for marine disaster management decision-making departments and the people. The paper further puts forward the capability objectives of the digital ocean system based on the big data platform of the Internet of Things and the overall framework of the six-level system including the sensing layer, transmission layer, data layer, and application layer, and analyses the safety of the big data platform based on the ocean of things Risks put forward the development requirements for the security of marine big data platforms, and provide references for the planning and construction of marine security systems in the big data era.
Cellulose Nanofibril-Based Coatings of Woven Cotton Fabrics for Improved Inkjet Printing with a Potential in E-Textile Manufacturing

The roughness of woven fabrics strongly limits print quality, which is particularly critical in printing of conductive circuits on fabrics. This work demonstrates the use of wood-derived cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) mixed with a plasticizer as coatings of woven cotton fabrics for inkjet printing using (i) conventional water-based pigment inks and (ii) conductive silver nanoparticle inks. CNFs, being similar in nature to cotton, introduced minimal alteration to woven cotton fabrics by preserving their visual appearance as well as their mechanical properties. We also showed that the use of CNF-based coatings facilitated ink droplet settling on the substrate, which ensured high quality with the potential of higher printing speed production. The coatings of CNFs plasticized with glycerol enabled concentrating the pigment on the surface of the fabric, preventing its penetration into the fabric depth, which allows for increasing the resolution of the printed pattern. When used for color ink printing, it enhance.
Functional studies of calcium enriched titanium surfaces.

There exists a clinical requirement for dental implants which will enhance the speed of achievement of osseointegration, its maintenance, and biological and physical properties. Whilst commercially pure titanium remains the material of choice for implant fabrication, a promising approach to enhancing its performance is the surface incorporation of metallic ions, or alkali modification of titanium. Osteoblast behaviour adjacent to the implant is a key factor in osseointegration and it is known that the response of these cells can be modified by the surface implantation of Ca ions. This process may modify cellular behaviour via a number of physicochemical parameters, three of which were examined in this study using commercially pure titanium, into which Ca ions had been implanted: -topography, calcium ion release, and molecular adsorption. Surface topography can mediate cellular responses and may be modified by ion implantation. Laser profilometry and white light interferometry were used to measure the roughness of cp Ti surfaces implanted with either biologically active Ca or chemically inert Ar, together with the effects of nitric acid treatment, which is routinely used in implant manufacture. Ca-ion implantation may also influence cellular responses via accelerated precipitation of calcium phosphate, providing a surface with a chemical composition more similar to that of bone. This may be at least partially due to ion release from the implanted surface. Ion release into water was therefore investigated using ion chromatography and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption of organic molecules (e.g. proteins and peptides) is also important in mediating cellular responses. The effects of Ca-implantation on these processes were investigated using XPS to study the surface adsorption of small model biomolecules (amino acids) from an aqueous solution. Ion implantation had little effect on surface topography, however, the implanted Ca ions were readily released into an aqueous solution and the surfaces became more receptive to the absorption of certain amino acids. It is concluded that Ca ion implantation is a potentially valuable technique for the surface enhancement of titanium dental implants.
The Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Tendency to Forgiveness

In this study the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was studied and the factors of psychological resilience were investigated. The participants were 615 Ukrainian students (317 women; 298 men). Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS-11), Trait Forgivingness (dispositional) Scale, The scale of psychological well-being, Freiburg Personality Inventory, Hardiness Test, Mental Health Outcome Measures (Depression and Anxiety (BSI – 12)), Overall Self-efficacy Scale were applied. Reliability of measures was assessed by adopting McDonald’s omega. Pearson’s correlation coefficient to test the features of the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was investigated. The multiple regression analysis for the factors of psychological resilience was performed. The higher level of tendency to forgiveness is connected with higher level of psychological resilience. The higher level of psychological resilience is connected with higher level of hardiness, control, and resistance to stress. Negative correlations were found between psychological resilience and spontaneous aggressiveness, neuroticism, irritability, depression (BSI – 12), depressiveness (FPI), emotional instability, anxiety, shyness. The important factors of psychological resilience were identified by the study. High levels of challenge, personal growth, sociability, control, tendency to forgiveness, personal self-efficacy, commitment, self-acceptance, management of the environment increase the psychological resilience. Received: 29 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021
Gaussian Half-Duplex Diamond Networks: Ratio of Capacity the Best Relay Can Achieve

This paper considers Gaussian half-duplex diamond <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-relay networks, where a source communicates with a destination by hopping information through one layer of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> non-communicating relays that operate in half-duplex. The main focus consists of investigating the following question: What is the contribution of a single relay on the <italic>approximate capacity</italic> of the entire network? In particular, <italic>approximate capacity</italic> refers to a quantity that approximates the Shannon capacity within an additive gap which only depends on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and is independent of the channel parameters. This paper answers the above question by providing a fundamental bound on the <italic>ratio</italic> between the approximate capacity of the highest-performing single relay and the approximate capacity of the entire network, for any number <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Surprisingly, it is shown that such a ratio guarantee is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f = 1/(2+2\cos (2\pi /(n+2)))$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, that is a sinusoidal function of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which decreases as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> increases. It is also shown that the aforementioned ratio guarantee is <italic>tight</italic>, i.e., there exist Gaussian half-duplex diamond <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-relay networks, where the highest-performing relay has an approximate capacity equal to an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f$ </tex-math></inline-formula> fraction of the approximate capacity of the entire network.
Directive 2014/95/EU: building a research agenda

PurposeThis paper discusses the current state of research into Directive 2014/95/EU and non-financial disclosure (NFD), with the aim of offering a future research agenda.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have conducted a systematic literature review of 78 studies spanning seven years (2014–2020) that address Directive 2014/95/EU.FindingsThe literature review revealed four main avenues for future research. First, future studies could focus on addressing issues related to the EU Directive's potential impacts, both in terms of NFD and companies' financial performance. Second, because context plays an important role in defining the regulation's impact, future research should consider these contextual factors in NFD. Third, further research should investigate the interplay between the binding requirements of the Directive and the non-binding guidelines suggested to implement it. Finally, future research would do well to employ additional theoretical approaches in order to interpret the Directive's diverse effects for various countries, organisations and timelines.Research limitations/implicationsThis research agenda is intended to help scholars in this field to understand what has yet to be known in order to develop a complete understanding of the EU Directive on non-financial information disclosure.Practical implicationsFocussing on the Directive's implementation across countries and organisations with a longitudinal approach, this paper could indicate whether or not mandatory reporting enhances non-financial information disclosure and consequently, organisational actions. This work could inform both companies' and policymakers' approach to disclosure, whether mandatory or otherwise.Originality/valueTo date, many studies have focussed on specific issues regarding the EU Directive. This paper, however, presents the first systematic literature review considering the current state of research into the EU Directive, thus drawing a future research agenda.
Weakly supervised object detection based on deep metric learning

Weakly supervised object detection is a hot issue in the computer vision field, which aims to train a high performance detection model with low cost annotation data. The existing methods of weakly supervised object detection only summarize the object category but don’t consider the similarity between the objects in the optimization process. For solving this problem to improve detection accuracy, this paper proposes a weakly supervised object detection model based on deep metric learning. In the initial training phase, an initial metric has been learned in advance to measure the similarity between these objects; in the correction phase, we propose an adjacent instance mining method based on proxy samples, this approach expands the model’s recognition view, and prevents premature locking the wrong object position. We design a series of experiments on the PASCAL VOC2007 dataset to prove the effectiveness of this method.