Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DeepMRS: An End-to-End Deep Neural Network for Dementia Disease Detection using MRS Data

Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Neuroimaging data is an integral part of the clinical assessment providing a way for clinicians to detect brain abnormalities for AD diagnosis. Anatomical MRI has been widely used to assess structural brain atrophy for AD detection and prediction. In addition to structural changes, metabolic changes in some brain regions such as the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) could be a good bio-marker for an early AD detection. Recently, proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) have been proved to be effective to reveal a wealth of brain metabolic information. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep leaning Network for early AD and Normal Control (NC) subjects classification using 1H-MRS raw data from the PCC area. This work is the first investigation of 1H - MRS data with deep-learning technique for early AD detection. Data of 135 subjects, collected in Poitiers university hospital, are used to learn the proposed DeepMRS network. Our classification of patients with early AD versus NC subjects achieves an AUC of 94,74%, a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 89,47% demonstrating a promising early dementia detection performance. Alzheimer's disease, deep learning, MRS, computer-aided diagnosis
Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Recurrence and Surgical Management of Pneumothorax

Nakano et al. Int J Crit Care Emerg Med 2018, 4:039 Citation: Nakano C, Yamagishi T, Kodaka N, Watanabe K, Kishimoto K, et al. (2018) Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Recurrence and Surgical Management of Pneumothorax. Int J Crit Care Emerg Med 4:039. doi.org/10.23937/2474-3674/1510039 Accepted: July 28, 2018: Published: July 30, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Nakano C, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Social-emotional and behavioral development problems in 1 to 2-year-old children in Northern Finland : reports of mothers, fathers and healthcare professionals

Background and aims: Growing evidence supports the existence of clinically significant problems in social-emotional/behavioral (SEB) development among infants and toddlers and the importance of early identification of these problems. There is a lack of research on the occurrence and identification of problems in the SEB domain among the Finnish general population of 1 to 2-yearold children. The present study examined these important issues. Given the dearth of earlier research knowledge, particular emphasis was focused on analyzing possible moderating effects of the assessed child’s and informant’s gender on the results. Subjects and methods: Oulu toddler (N = 208, age 18 months), Oulu infant (N = 227, age 12 months), and Oulu Province (N = 1008, age 12 months) samples were collected during 2008–2013 in collaboration with child health centers. Both mothers and fathers completed questionnaires assessing their child ́s SEB development (e.g. the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment; Briggs-Gowan & Carter, 2006) and the family’s sociodemographic characteristics. Child healthcare nurse (CHCN) worry reports concerning the children’s development and family well-being were also gathered. Main results and conclusions: In parental ratings, girls obtained higher SEB competence scores than boys, whereas boys got higher SEB problem scores than girls, particularly among the toddler sample. Thus, boys may have an elevated risk of parent-reported problem behaviors and delays in SEB competences even before the age of 2 years. Compared to fathers, mothers were prone to rate the toddlers higher in both SEB competences and problems, especially with regard to externalizing behavior problems and problems in boys. Elevated interparental rating differences were associated with relatively elevated maternal parenting stress. Therefore, it is recommended to gather data on young children’s SEB development from both parents when possible and to focus clinical attention on the issue if the parental reports differ significantly. Parents and CHCNs seldom recognized SEB problems and delays in competency as problematical in 1-year-old infants, even in the case of infants who were screened to be in the of-concern range on the ageappropriate measure of SEB development. Thus, further efforts are needed for developing the identification of early problems in SEB development by both parents and preventive child healthcare professionals in Finland.
Monitoreo de las oscilaciones de baja frecuencia del Sistema Nacional Interconectado a partir de los registros en tiempo real

— The real-time identification of oscillatory modes gives the operator early warning in the event of an oscillation instability risk in the power system occurs. With the development of synchrophasor measurement technology, new modal identification algorithms have been perfected for real-time application. CENACE currently has a wide area monitoring system (WAMS) that is managed by the WAProtector application, which uses a modal identification proprietary algorithm. This application gives the operator the possibility of monitoring oscillations in the National Interconnected System (SNI) in real time and also provides valuable information to characterize the SNI through adequate post-operative analysis. This paper presents a conceptual framework of the oscillation instability problem, as well as a description of the modal identification objective. In addition, a methodological proposal that allows WAProtector information to be processed in order to characterize the critical modes that exist in the SNI is described. This approach is based on a statistical analysis of oscillation modes. In the same manner, the versatility of WAProtector graphic tools to analyse oscillation events that occur in real time, is highlighted throughout the article.
Inhalatory and intravenous colistin in treating ventilator-associated pneumonia due to acinetobacter species: Should we combine them?

Background/Aim. Acinetobacter is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections, especially ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP). Considering the increased presence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms and the lack of novel antibiotics, colistin merged as the last-resort antibiotic for life threatening nosocomial infections. Intravenous use of antibiotics is accepted as a gold standard for the treatment of pneumonia, but additional administration of inhaled antibiotics in the treatment of VAP has shown to be advantageous in some clinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inhalatory colistin as an adjunct to intravenous colistin on the survival of patients with VAP caused by Acinetobacter species. Methods. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of combination of inhalatory and intravenous colistin vs. intravenous colistin alone in 69 patients in the Intensive Care Units (ICU) with VAP caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. The patients were treated in the ICU at the Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica (Serbia) in the period from January, 2013 to March, 2018. Baseline demographic data, severity of the disease, comorbidities, colistin regimen and length of the treatment were collected. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Results. Twenty seven of total 69 (39.1%) patients received combined intravenous and inhalatory colistin. Forty two (60.9%) patients received only intravenous colistin. Compared to the combined use of the drug (intravenous and inhalatory colistin), patients receiving intravenous colistin alone had a significantly increased risk of death during 28 days [25.9% vs. 61.9%, respectively; odds ratio (OR) 4.464, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.539-2.925; p = 0.006]. Length of colistin use (> 7 days) was also associated with reduced survival (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.080-0.606; p = 0.003). After adjusting for baseline severity of the illness (APACHE score) and length of colistin treatment, patients receiving only intravenous colistin had greater 28-day mortality rate compared to patients receiving both intravenous and inhalatory colistin (OR 6.305; 95% CI 1.795-22.153; p = 0.004). Conclusion. Our results suggest that adding inhalatory to intravenous colistin might be beneficial in the treatment of VAP caused by Acinetobacter species.
Feedbackless Relaying for Enhancing Reliability of Connected Vehicles

This paper considers the network- and application-level reliabilities for connected vehicles under path loss environments. We derive a probabilistic framework for estimating reliabilities that is applicable with various path loss models. We also build a realistic connected vehicle traffic simulation environment and use it to perform extensive experiments considering semi-urban traffic. The results show that the achievable reliability performances differ significantly with the path loss models considered. For a moderate communication distance between a transmitter and a receiver, with established deterministic and stochastic path loss models, the network-level reliability is around 55%, whereas with the realistic path loss models that consider obstacles and traffic, the reliability falls below 30%. To improve the network- and application-level reliabilities, we propose a feedbackless relaying mechanism that can be deployed on top of IEEE 802.11p, where, the relay vehicle selection is done autonomously. The relaying mechanism improves the network-level and application-level reliabilities by at least 35% for the studied path loss models.
Stable IMEX schemes for a Nitsche-based approximation of elastodynamic contact problems. Selective mass scaling interpretation

We introduce some IMEX schemes (implicit-explicit schemes with an implicit term being linear) for approximating elastodynamic contact problems when the contact condition is taken into account with a Nitsche method. We develop a theoretical and numerical study of the properties of the schemes, especially in terms of stability, provide some numerical comparisons with standard explicit and implicit scheme and propose some improvements to obtain a more reliable approximation of motion for large time steps. We also show how selective mass scaling techniques can be interpreted as IMEX schemes.
Evaluation and control of waste anesthetic gas in the postanesthesia care unit within patient and caregiver breathing zones

Abstract This study (NCT02428413) evaluated waste anesthetic gas (WAG) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and assessed the utility of the ISO-Gard® mask in reducing nursing exposure to WAG. We hypothesized that WAG levels in the patient’s breathing zone upon recovery would exceed the recommended levels, leading to increased exposure of the PACU nurses, with use of the ISO-Gard mask limiting this exposure. A total of 125 adult patients were recruited to participate. Patients were randomized to receive the standard oxygen delivery mask or the ISO-Gard face mask postoperatively. Continuous particulate concentrations were measured using infrared spectrophotometers placed within the patients’ and nurses’ 6-inch breathing zone. Maximum WAG measurements were obtained every 30 seconds, and the duration of maximum WAG >2 ppm and its proportion relative to the total collection period were calculated. We observed a statistically significant difference in desflurane duration and proportion of maximum WAG >2 ppm in both patient and PACU nurse breathing zones. Therefore, patients and PACU nurses using routine care were exposed to WAG levels >2 ppm during the 1-hour postoperative period, and the ISO-Gard mask effectively reduced the amount of WAG detected in the immediate 1-hour postoperative recovery phase.
Intermediate Observer-Based Robust Distributed Fault Estimation for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Directed Graphs

This article focuses on the problem of robust distributed fault estimation for nonlinear multiagent systems with actuator faults and sensor faults. The communication topology of the multiagent systems is assumed to be directed. A novel intermediate observer design method is proposed to estimate the system states, actuator faults, and sensor faults. For the observer constructed in one agent, the output estimation errors of itself and its neighbors are considered, simultaneously. The observer matching condition is not needed in the observer design process. Based on Schur decomposition, the observer parameter calculation method is presented in terms of solution to one linear matrix inequality, which is with the same order as it is for the single agent system. Thus, the calculated amount remains unchanged even when the number of agents increases, since the inequality dimension is independent of the agent number. At last, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
CRISPR-Cas9 Germline Editing: Full Steam Ahead to Revolutionary Profit or Revolutionary Public Medicine?

The CRISPR-Cas9 system uses precise germline genome editing, which enables the mutagenesis of disease sequences in embryonic DNA, thus enabling the birth of healthy individuals who would otherwise inherit genetic diseases. In 2012, the scientific community rushed to claim intellectual property in anticipation of CRISPR’s future economic potential. As the war for commercial territory forges ahead, the question of public accessibility and affordability has largely gone unaddressed. The current drive towards total CRISPR-Cas9 commercialization will lead to exorbitant costs of accessing life-giving treatment, especially in regulatory frameworks that prohibit federal funding of germline editing research.
Enhanced Transport Scheme for Profitable Bandwidth Sharing in Network Traffics

Modern networks integrate traffic to consist audio, data and video and Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN) supports all types of traffic, including still or full motion image applications. With increasing number of wireless users, more traffic is added and networks become congested. Though personal computing facilitates easy access, manipulation, storage and exchange of information, network computing involves interconnections and resource sharing. As congestion remains the major challenge in broadband communication, transmission of multimedia data frames results in traffic levels overwhelming the network medium. Technically, to maximise bandwidth, all communication services may be provided on a single network to depict profitable economy of sharing thereby motivating an idea of providing integrated services over the access networks. Notably, implementation of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology as target technique for broadband sharing provisions profitable economic service continuity, even as users move around over wide area of coverage. Also, an enhanced transport scheme is necessary to meet users’ negotiated Quality of Service (QoS). Such schemes, implemented via mathematical simulation techniques will help manage overlapping network traffics while allocated bandwidth is optimized. An integrated scheme of link-to-link rate-based traffic flow control implemented for Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithmic transmitted packets is proposed in this paper to provide for capacity maximization of bandwidth scarce resource to be utilized economically for all transmissions. KEYWORDS: Broadband Traffic, Congestion, TCP Flow, Bandwidth, ATM and QoS
What effects does a physiotherapy-led group intervention using interactive behavioural modification therapy (IBMT) have for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain?

Background Chronic pain can be disabling. It is a major cause of morbidity and increased usage of healthcare services. The effects of a physiotherapy led-programme using Interactive Behavioural modification therapy (IBMT) with a 3-month follow-up for patients with musculoskeletal pain is unknown. Aims To examine pre to post and medium term (3 months) effects of a physiotherapy-led programme, the Functional Rehabilitation programme (FRP), for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, in terms of fear of movement, disability, self-efficacy, depression and physical function. Design The study included two phases. Phase one was a preliminary retrospective study using data from 278 patients. Phase two used a prospective pre-experimental medium-term follow-up study design with 53 participants. The FRP programme was delivered over a 5- week period, each group had between 8 and 10 participants. Both phases were undertaken at Fairfield General Hospital outpatient physiotherapy department, Pennine Acute NHS Hospitals Trust. Outcome measures Primary outcome was Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), secondary measures included; Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Pain disability questionnaire (PDQ), pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ) and the Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). In addition physical function tests included speed and distance of walking and step up repetition. Results Improvements were observed in all outcome measures. Minimal clinical important difference (MCID) was reached in those measures with recognised levels (TSK and RMDQ) and were sustained at 3-month follow-up. In addition, depression scores reduced to within normal level (0-7). There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between condition types. Conclusions A physiotherapy-led group intervention using a psychologically informed approach produced positive changes in reducing fear relating to movement, pain-related disability, depression and anxiety in a mixed chronic pain aetiology group. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between low back pain and multi-site pain. Future studies should look at a longer term follow-up with an RCT design of the impact of physiotherapist’s management. In relation to the growing problem of managing increasing numbers of people with chronic pain, this study adds to the growing body of evidence of how physiotherapist’s could take a lead role in chronic pain management. This would help to address the current shortage of skilled professionals to deliver pain management and expand the professions repertoire. Further, it adds weight on previous research carried out by physiotherapists which has focussed on chronic low back pain to this study’s mixed chronic pain cohort.
Factors associated with adolescent school girl’s pregnancy in Kumbo East Health District North West region Cameroon

Introduction Teenage pregnancy is a social problem in Cameroon in general and in Kumbo East in particular. This results in physical, psychological and socio-economic consequences on the teenage mother, family and the society as a whole. In spite of studies and interventions that have been and are being implemented, the prevalence of unplanned teenage pregnancy in Kumbo East Health District is still high, suggesting that more efforts are required to achieve effective preventive measures. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with adolescent school girl's pregnancy in Kumbo East health district. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used and a simple random sampling technique was used to select 293 respondents aged 15 to 19year. The district hospital antenatal clinics and the Health Centres were selected. Data was obtained from 292 participants under the age of 20 years who were willing using a questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Results The study show a high prevalence (60.75%) of teenage pregnancy in the sampled antenatal clinics of Kumbo East Health District attributable to inadequate considerations given to factors associated with school girl's pregnancy. This study has indicated that the age of teenager at first pregnancy, low contraceptive use, socio-economic status and physical violence are factors that are greatly associated with teenage pregnancy. Among the reasons contributing to the low use of contraceptives are: sexually activity, lack of knowledge, fear of side effects, including sterility, condoms disappearing in the womb and inequality of power with sexual partners. This study shows that teenagers obtain information mainly from school (53%) and relatives (20%). Conclusion The use of contraceptive alone may not reduce teenage pregnancy, however double method is very effective but addressing the impact of poverty on teenagers, empowering them on their rights and information in order to make right choices is very important.
Measurement of Low-level radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the human environment

Abstract In recent years there has been an increase in development of electromagnetic (EM) technology in the telecommunication industry, resulting in an increase in human non-ionizing exposure. This fact has initiated a number of scientific studies on possible health effects of EM fields on human organism. Totally four representative microenvironments were investigated for RF EM fields distribution, namely: city center, residential area, rural area, and extra-village area. Each microenvironment was measured 20 times in accordance with the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines. The extra-village measurements were taken as the base values that reflect the E-field intensities with the lowest amplitudes. The statistical analysis revealed notable statistical significance (p < 0.001) in almost all measured frequency bands except the Wi-Fi where the p-values were less than 0.05 for the city center and residential area but not significant for rural area. The highest total E-field intensity was measured in the residential area (approximately 1.85 V/m). All measured values were below the legal limits of the Slovak Republic and ICNIRP safety guidelines. However, the ICNIRP safety limits were written in 1998 considering only the thermal effects of RF radiation. They were updated in 2009 without any changes in the limits and still recommend 27.5 – 61 V/m (2 – 10 W/m2) for the RF frequency band of 400–2,000 MHz. The BioInitiative Report of 2012 established the scientific benchmark for possible health risks as 30–60 μW/m2 (approximately 0.1 – 0.15 V/m). Thus, all measured values were above the scientifically derived limits.
Comparison of sport massage and combination of cold water immersion with sport massage on decrease of blood lactic acid level

Recovery is an attempt to reduce blood lactic acid levels and make the body recover after physical exercise. The effect of cold water immersion (15°C) and sport massage combined with decreasing blood lactic acid level is still unknown. The subjects assigned to 3 groups, K1 group for recovery sport massage, K2 recovery group for combination of cold water immersion (15°C) with sport massage and K3 control group. Both groups performed sub-maximal physical exercise by doing a fast walk on the treadmill to reach (80% HRM) and then maintained for 5 minutes, followed by recovery process. ANOVA test of lactic acid level post treatment which shows there was a significant difference in the decrease of lactic acid level. The paired t-test of each group showed significant results in sports massage group (p = 0,001), combination cold water immersion (15°C) with sport massage group (p = 0,000) and a control group (p = 0,002). Recovery by soaking in contrasting waters, which result in alternating vasoconstriction and vasodilation, is considered to act in a manner similar to muscle pumping (vaso-pumping). Recovery by means of sport massage and combination of cold water immersion (15°C) with sport massage can decrease blood lactic acid levels.