Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Albendazole solid dispersions prepared using PEG6000 and Poloxamer188: formulation, characterization and in vivo evaluation

Abstract This study aimed to optimize the preparation process of albendazole (ABZ) solid dispersion (SD) and enhance its dissolution rate and oral bioavailability in dogs. The ABZ-SD formulations were prepared by a fusion method with ABZ and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), poloxamer 188 (P 188) polymers at various weight ratios or the combination of PEG 6000&P 188. The characterizations of the optimal formulations were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution test and molecular docking. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs. As a result, ABZ solid dispersion based on PEG 6000&P 188 (1:2) was successfully prepared. The ABZ-SD formulation could significantly improve the apparent solubility and dissolution rate of ABZ compared with commercial tablets. Furthermore, the water solubility of ABZ-SD was improved mainly based on hydrogen bond association. Besides, at an oral dosage of 15 mg/kg ABZ, the SDs had higher Cmax values and areas under the curve (AUCs) compared to those of commercial ABZ tablets. Preparation of ABZ-loaded SDs by PEG 6000&P 188 is a promising strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of ABZ.
The Photoreactivity of the Retinal Age Pigment Lipofuscin*

The presence of the age pigment lipofuscin is associated with numerous age-related diseases. In the retina lipofuscin is located within the pigment epithelium where it is exposed to high oxygen and visible light, a prime environment for the generation of reactive oxygen species. Although we, and others, have demonstrated that retinal lipofuscin is a photoinducible generator of reactive oxygen species it is unclear how this may translate into cell damage. The position of lipofuscin within the lysosome infers that irradiated lipofuscin is liable to cause oxidative damage to either the lysosomal membrane or the lysosomal enzymes. We have found that illumination of lipofuscin with visible light is capable of extragranular lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation, and protein oxidation. These effects, which were pH-dependent, were significantly reduced by the addition of the antioxidants, superoxide dismutase and 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,2,2)-octane, confirming a role for both the superoxide anion and singlet oxygen. We postulate that lipofuscin may compromise retinal cell function by causing loss of lysosomal integrity and that this may be a major contributory factor to the pathology associated with retinal light damage and diseases such as age-related macular degeneration.
EDOS: Employing Mini-DB for High Semantic Object Store

Storage management server, compatible with decoupled data and meta data fashion, is being employed frantically to build large-scale distributed storage system for performance and capacity. To design this hot commodity on flexibly managing the extracted data with little meta data but extended attributes has become a big challenge. This paper breaks a new way to object orient store and implement the dedicated prototype, called EDOS. We reexamine several new requirements and prior works, and employ Mini-DB as the back-end (\emph{like DBFS}) to guarantee the scalability and durability for EDOS. We design three kinds of object locators and multi-indices to improve retrieval performance and absorb random I/O, utilize a swap mechanism between internal and external objects for tunable throughput, which nested beneath the generic key-value database schema and benefited from memory pool technique. The replication component in Mini-DB helps to build the multi nodes in the distributed environment. It is easy to build up the object-based distributed file system by EDOS with ACID transaction semantics and high reliability. The experimental results show that our kernel-level implementation of EDOS performed better than the other existences in practice.
Withdrawal weighted fan-shaped SAW transducers

Withdrawal weighted (WW) fan-shaped interdigital transducers (FIDT) are used to design surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters with a good shape factor, a flat passband, and an out-of-band rejection of 50 dB and more. Utilization of "stepped" actions as a weighting action for FIDT's ensures a simple filter structure synthesis procedure that does not take a long time on a personal computer. Three modifications of SAW filters with 2% bandwidth, in-band ripple of 0.1 dB, and out-of-band rejection of 50-55 dB have been fabricated on ST-quartz. <<ETX>>
Aberrant functional connectivity of dorsolateral prefrontal and cingulate networks in patients with major depression during working memory processing

Background In patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), functional neuroimaging studies have reported an increased activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during executive performance and working memory (WM) processing, and also an increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during baseline conditions. However, the functional coupling of these cortical networks during WM processing is less clear. Method In this study, we used a verbal WM paradigm, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and multivariate statistical techniques to explore patterns of functional coupling of temporally dissociable dorsolateral prefrontal and cingulate networks. By means of independent component analyses (ICAs), two components of interest were identified that showed either a positive or a negative temporal correlation with the delay period of the cognitive activation task in both healthy controls and MDD patients. Results In a prefronto-parietal network, a decreased functional connectivity pattern was identified in depressed patients comprising inferior parietal, superior prefrontal and frontopolar regions. Within this cortical network, MDD patients additionally revealed a pattern of increased functional connectivity in the left DLPFC and the cerebellum compared to healthy controls. In a second, temporally anti-correlated network, healthy controls exhibited higher connectivity in the ACC, the ventrolateral and the superior prefrontal cortex compared to MDD patients. Conclusions These results complement and expand previous functional neuroimaging findings by demonstrating a dysconnectivity of dissociable prefrontal and cingulate regions in MDD patients. A disturbance of these dynamic networks is characterized by a simultaneously increased connectivity of the DLPFC during task-induced activation and increased connectivity of the ACC during task-induced deactivation.
The use of sodium hyaluronate for the treatment of radiation recall dermatitis

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high-molecular weight polysaccharide, a glycosaminoglycan that enhances fibroblast movement and metabolism during wound healing, increasing collagen fibers forming granulation tissue. We describe a 42-year-old female, who developed radiation recall dermatitis following an allogeneic stem cell transplant from an unrelated donor (MUD-PBSCT). Her skin was treated with a topical sodium hyaluronate gel twice daily (RadiaplexRX, MPM Medical). There was marked improvement after 5 days of therapy without discontinuation of any of her therapeutic agents. At a time when the health care providers were faced with considerable treatment dilemmas, this patient demonstrated improvement in the symptoms of radiation recall dermatitis with the topical application of sodium hyaluronate and no change in her medication profile. This agent could successfully allow practitioners to treat radiation recall dermatitis without discontinuation of the recall trigger drug and thus jeopardizing the outcome of the treatment regimen. J Oncol Pharm Practice (2009) 15: 123—126.
Association Rules Mining with Quantum Computing and Quantum Storage

The rapid development of big data puts forward higher requirements on computational efficiency and storage capacity. But the traditional mining algorithms based on classical computing were unable to satisfy the demand of data analysis and computing. Because of quantum systems unique ability of hyper parallel computation and hyper acceleration, the large-scale computing and data storage can be solve well. Although the development of quantum computer has not yet achieved a qualitative leap, quantum computing in big data application has achieved lots of theoretical achievements. In this paper, we make quantum data mining as a starting point. Since we have no sufficient space to store candidate sets of association rules and have low computation ability in the processing of association rules, we propose a novel quantum method of data storage and retrieval for association rules mining based on Boolean matrix, we propose the algorithm called Q-Eclat can accelerate the computation of candidate sets support. According to our analysis based on open data source, the proposed method outperforms the classical Eclat algorithm in terms of storage capacity and computing ability
Locmax SIFT - Non-Statistical Dimension Reduction on Invariant Descriptors

The descriptors used for image indexing - e.g. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) - are generally parameterized in very high dimensional spaces which guarantee the invariance on different light conditions, orientation and scale. The number of dimensions limit the performance of search techniques in terms of computational speed. That is why dimension reduction of descriptors is playing an important role in real life applications. In the paper we present a modified version of the most popular algorithm, SIFT. The motivation was to speed up searching on large feature databases in video surveillance systems. Our method is based on the standard SIFT algorithm using a structural property: the local maxima of these high dimensional descriptors. The weighted local positions will be aligned with a dynamic programming algorithm (DTW) and its error is calculated as a new kind of measure between descriptors. In our approach we do not use a training set, pre-computed statistics or any parameters when finding the matches, which is very important for an online video indexing application.
Gender Difference in Age-Related Number of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Expressing Neurons in the Human Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus and the Role of Sex Hormones

Previous studies have shown that the total number of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-stained neurons in the human hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) increases with age. To determine whether this age-related change depends on gender and whether circulating sex hormones play a role, we analyzed the total number of CRH-immunoreactive neurons by means of immunocytochemistry and image analysis in the postmortem hypothalamic PVN of 22 control subjects (11 males and 11 females) between the ages of 22 and 89 years, and of 10 subjects with abnormal sex hormone status. Our data show that men have a significantly larger number of CRH neurons than women (p = 0.004) and that the total number of CRH neurons increases significantly with age, but only in male controls (p = 0.032), not in female controls (p = 0.733). Female controls do not show a significant change in the total number of CRH neurons either before or after the age (50 years) of menopause (p = 0.792). Male subjects with low testosterone levels due to castration showed significantly fewer CRH neurons than well-matched intact males (p = 0.008), while castrated male-to-female (M-F) transsexuals with estrogen replacement showed normal numbers of CRH neurons. One male case, who had high estrogen levels due to an estrogen-producing tumor, showed a large number of CRH neurons. Thus, although circulating androgens and estrogens both seem to play a stimulatory role with respect to CRH neurons, the age-dependent increase in the number of CRH neurons in the PVN of men, which has been interpreted to reflect activation of the CRH neurons with age, seems to result from factors other than age-related changes of circulating sex hormone levels.
A High-Power 105–120 GHz Broadband On-Chip Power-Combined Frequency Tripler

We report on the design, fabrication and characterization of a high-power and broadband 105-120 GHz Schottky diode frequency tripler based on a novel on-chip power combining concept that allows superior power handling than traditional approaches. The chip features twelve anodes on a 50 μm thick GaAs substrate. At room temperature, the tripler exhibits a 17% 3 dB bandwidth and a ~ 30% peak conversion efficiency for a nominal input power of around 350-400 mW, and ~ 20% efficiency for its maximum operational input power of 800-900 mW. This tripler can deliver maximum power levels very close to 200 mW. The on-chip power-combined frequency tripler is compared with a traditional tripler designed for the same band using the same design parameters.
Real-time Breeding Composition System by means of Genetic Programming and Breeding Procedure

The use of laptop computers to produce real-time music and multimedia performances has increased significantly in recent years. In this paper, I propose a new method of generating club-style loop music in real time by means of interactive evolutionary computation (IEC). The method includes two features. The first is the concept of “breeding” without any consciousness of generation. The second is a multiple-ontogeny mechanism that generates several phenotypes from one genotype, incorporating ideas of coevolution and multi-objective optimization. The proposed method overcomes certain limitations of IEC, namely the burden of interactive evaluation and the narrow search domain resulting from handling few individuals. A performance system that generates club-style loop music from the photo album in mobile devices is implemented by means of the proposed method. This system is then tested, and the success of performances with the implemented system indicates that the proposed methods work effectively.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition and the potential for renal protection in diabetic nephropathy

Purpose of reviewRenal hyperfiltration has been used as a surrogate marker for increased intraglomerular pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus. Previous human investigation examining the pathogenesis of hyperfiltration has focused on the role of neurohormones such as the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Unfortunately, RAAS blockade does not completely attenuate hyperfiltration or diabetic kidney injury. More recent work has therefore investigated the contribution of renal tubular factors, including the sodium–glucose cotransporter, to the hyperfiltration state, which is the topic of this review. Recent findingsNovel sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce proximal tubular sodium reabsorption, thereby increasing distal sodium delivery to the macula densa, causing tubuloglomerular feedback, afferent vasoconstriction and decreased hyperfiltration in animals. In humans, SGLT2 inhibition was recently shown to reduce hyperfiltration in normotensive, normoalbuminuric patients with type 1 diabetes. In clinical trials of type 2 diabetes, SGLT2 is associated with significant renal effects, including modest, acute declines in estimated glomerular filtration rate followed by the maintenance of stable renal function, and reduced albuminuria. SummaryExisting data are supportive of a potential renal-protective role for SGLT2 inhibition in patients with diabetes. Dedicated renal outcome trials are ongoing and have the potential to change the clinical practice.
The late-stage diagnosis of colorectal cancer: demographic and socioeconomic factors.

OBJECTIVES This study described factors related to colorectal cancer stage at diagnosis. METHODS Logistic regression analyses were used on data from the New York State Tumor Registry and US Census area-level social class indicators. RESULTS After the effects of other predictors were controlled for, the odds of late-stage cancer increased as age decreased; women and African Americans were significantly more likely to have late stage than men and Whites; and individuals living in areas of low socioeconomic status (SES) were significantly more likely to be diagnosed at late stage than those living in higher SES areas. Stratified analyses showed that living in a low SES area was the most important determinant of stage for all age, race, gender and source-of-care groups. CONCLUSIONS While all populations would benefit from the systematic use of screening socioeconomically disadvantaged groups may also benefit from targeted screening.
Thermal visualization on cooking

Sensors for cooking such as a thermometer provide us essential clues for a better result. However, they only sense temperature on a certain point and the user's reaction is slow. Thermal cameras are capable of getting thermal images get thermal images of a cooking pan, but it is difficult to utilize those images because the user has to rapidly shift their eye focus from the screen to the cooking pan, and vice versa while cooking. In this paper we propose a visualization technique that applies thermal information on cooking. The system enables users to acquire thermal information from the surface of the food on a cooking pan, using a thermal camera and a projection based Augmented Reality (AR) environment. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a technique to overlap thermal clues on the cooking pan without occluding the important information. We conducted a user study and discussed the potential applications of our technique.
The Circles Building (Granary) at Tel Bet Yerah (Khirbet el-Kerak): A New Synthesis (Excavations of 1945–1946, 2003–2015)

New excavations conducted in the Circles Building (Granary) at Tel Bet Yerah, first excavated in 1946, form the basis for a revised, detailed description of the construction and use of this unique structure. Stratigraphic soundings have established that the structure consisted of three platforms with seven circles sunk into them, enclosing a paved courtyard that was open toward the east. The structure was constructed in a single operation, at the transition between Early Bronze Age II and III, but it seems to have been abandoned before it was completed and given over to new tenants who changed the trajectory of its use. These new inhabitants are responsible for the bulk of the deposits excavated in and around the building, which are characterized by large quantities of Khirbet Kerak Ware and complementary lithic and other assemblages. We suggest that the building was conceived as part of the corporate urbanizing project of Early Bronze Age II, but was overtaken by a crisis that deflected the urban trajectory of Tel Bet Yerah in Early Bronze Age III and allowed the entry of migrant groups, such as those bearing the Khirbet Kerak Ware tradition.
Protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ against pulmonary oxygen toxicity mediated through changes in NOS expression levels

ABSTRACT Recent studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPAR-β/δ) has a protective effect during lung injury induced by bleomycin and polymicrobial sepsis, but its function in pulmonary oxygen toxicity is unknown. In this study, we used GW0742, a PPAR-β/δ agonist, and GSK0660, a PPAR-β/δ antagonist, to test the role of PPAR-β/δ in lung injury due to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) exposure. Lung injury was induced in rats by HBO2 exposure (2.3 ATA, 100%O2, 8 hours). Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: air+vehicle, air+GW0742, air+GSK0660, HBO2+vehicle, HBO2+GW0742, and HBO2+GSK0660. Rats were injected with vehicle or GW0742 (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) or GSK0660 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) at 1 hour, 6 hours, and 12 hours before either air or oxygen exposure. Administration of GW0742 to rats exposed to HBO2 significantly reduced the observed lung injury, extravascular lung water, total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the levels of iNOS and nNOS in the lungs when compared to untreated rats exposed to HBO2. Treatment of rats with GSK0660 exacerbated lung injury and elevated the levels of nNOS and eNOS in the lungs. In addition, nNOS and eNOS knock-out mice were examined. The results indicated that after HBO2 exposure, the lung injury was obviously decreased in the nNOS−/−+GSK0660 mice compared to the wild-type +GSK0660 mice; furthermore, administration of GSK0660 significantly elevated the lung injury in the eNOS−/− mice. Collectively, these data indicate that PPAR-β/δ activation can protect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity in the lungs of rats through changes in the expression of NOS.
A survey of 16 rare Earth elements in the major foods in China.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this survey was to investigate the level of contamination of the most consumed foods in China with 16 rare earth elements (REEs), and to provide the basic data for establishing and revising food safety standards for REEs. METHODS Sixteen REEs in foods were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the labs of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of four provinces and two municipalities, during 2009-2010. RESULTS 1 231 samples were analyzed and 19 121 concentration data of 16 REEs were collected. The REEs levels in the investigated foods varied significantly. The concentrations of cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), and neodymium (Nd) were relatively high, while the remaining eleven REEs were at low levels. The mean values of total rare earth element oxides (REOs) in cereals, fresh vegetables, fresh aquatic products, fresh meats and eggs varied from 0.052 mg/kg to 0.337 mg/kg. CONCLUSION 16 REEs in the major foods were at very low contamination levels in the investigated regions.
Most switching classes with primitive automorphism groups contain graphs with trivial groups

The operation of switching a graph $\Gamma$ with respect to a subset $X$ of the vertex set interchanges edges and non-edges between $X$ and its complement, leaving the rest of the graph unchanged. This is an equivalence relation on the set of graphs on a given vertex set, so we can talk about the automorphism group of a switching class of graphs. It might be thought that switching classes with many automorphisms would have the property that all their graphs also have many automorphisms. However the main theorem of this paper shows a different picture: with finitely many exceptions, if a non-trivial switching class $\mathcal{S}$ has primitive automorphism group, then it contains a graph whose automorphism group is trivial. We also find all the exceptional switching classes; up to complementation, there are just six.
Numerical Solution of Dynamic Equilibrium Models Under Poisson Uncertainty

We propose a simple and powerful numerical algorithm to compute the transition process in continuous-time dynamic equilibrium models with rare events. In this paper we transform the dynamic system of stochastic differential equations into a system of functional differential equations of the retarded type. We apply the Waveform Relaxation algorithm, i.e., we provide a guess of the policy function and solve the resulting system of (deterministic) ordinary differential equations by standard techniques. For parametric restrictions, analytical solutions to the stochastic growth model and a novel solution to Lucas' endogenous growth model under Poisson uncertainty are used to compute the exact numerical error. We show how (potential) catastrophic events such as rare natural disasters substantially affect the economic decisions of households. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)