Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Management, Innovation and Organizational Performance

In the 21st century the boundaries of business are expanding everyday and the management of different portfolios is not an easy task. Organizations are striving for innovation and to gain a competitive edge. Knowledge Management put emphasis on particularly this issue. This study has focused on the role of middle management in the implementation of knowledge management with the help of KM processes and strategies which eventually leads to innovation. Also the critical success factors of knowledge management on innovation are discussed in the study. The study concludes that the Knowledge Management processes which are Knowledge Creation, Knowledge organizing, Knowledge Storage , Knowledge Sharing & Knowledge Utilization have significant but indirect impact on banking industry, and the results showed that these processes are contributing in the enhancement of innovation in banking industry
Reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus by natural products from Kaposi's sarcoma endemic regions

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and its causative agent, Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV‐8), a gamma2 herpesvirus, have distinctive geographical distributions that are largely unexplained. We propose the “oncoweed” hypothesis to explain these differences, namely that environmental cofactors present in KS endemic regions cause frequent reactivation of KSHV in infected subjects, leading to increased viral shedding and transmission leading to increased prevalence of KSHV infection as well as high viral load levels and antibody titers. Reactivation also plays a role in the pathogenesis of KSHV‐associated malignancies. To test this hypothesis, we employed an in vitro KSHV reactivation assay that measured increases in KSHV viral load in KSHV infected primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells and screened aqueous natural product extracts from KS endemic regions. Of 4,842 extracts from 38 countries, 184 (5%) caused KSHV reactivation. Extracts that caused reactivation came from a wide variety of plant families, and extracts from Africa, where KSHV is highly prevalent, caused the greatest level of reactivation. Time course experiments were performed using 28 extracts that caused the highest levels of reactivation. The specificity of the effects on viral replication was examined using transcriptional profiling of all viral mRNAs. The array data indicated that the natural extracts caused an ordered cascade of lytic replication similar to that seen after induction with synthetic activators. These in vitro data provide support for the “oncoweed” hypothesis by demonstrating basic biological plausibility. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS OF DENSE ARRAY EEG SIGNAL REVEALS SEX DIFFERENCE

This article deals with the complexity aspect of the recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) signal from male and female subjects. The analysis follows direct application of time series measures of global linear complexity and characterization of the embedded complexity in the signals using the nonlinear statistic of approximate entropy. The study reveals significant differences in complexity between the two sex groups during passive, no-task conditions, whereas no apparent variation exists during a mental task state. The detection of subtle changes as well as the ease in presenting a global picture of the complexity variation on the human cortical surface makes the nonlinear statistic a better marker of system complexity.
MODELING OF COOLING PLUTONS IN THE TAUPO VOLCANIC ZONE , NEW ZEALAND

Modeling carried out using a super-critical version of TOUGH2 has been used to investigate different source models for the geothermal fields in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand. The models describe the cooling, by groundwater circulation, of magmatic intrusions into the upper 8 km of the crust. By comparing the calculated surface heat flux from these intrusions with actual thermal outputs in the TVZ, limits can be placed on the size of such magma bodies. Typically, many intrusions are required to provide the heat for a geothermal field like Wairakei. An ‘entrainment’ mechanism is identified that can explain the apparent stability of the TVZ geothermal fields over timescales many times longer than the cooling time for an individual intrusion.
Phorbol esters enhance synaptic transmission by a presynaptic, calcium‐dependent mechanism in rat hippocampus.

1. The effects of phorbol esters on evoked and spontaneous excitatory neurotransmission were studied in the CA1 area in the in vitro hippocampal slice preparation of the rat. Experiments were conducted using field potential recording and whole‐cell voltage clamp of CA1 pyramidal neurons. 2. Pyramidal cells dialysed during whole‐cell recording with EGTA‐containing electrode solutions, unable to support the induction of long‐term potentiation (LTP), still showed robust phorbol ester‐induced potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission. 3. Spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), recorded in whole‐cell voltage clamp in the presence of tetrodotoxin and picrotoxin, had amplitudes ranging from 4 to 40 pA and occurred at an average frequency of 0.8‐5 Hz. Neither the amplitude nor the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs was altered by cadmium, dihydropyridines, or omega‐conotoxin GVIA. 4. The phorbol ester 4‐beta‐phorbol 12,13‐diacetate increased the frequency of spontaneous miniature EPSCs without changing the shape of the EPSC amplitude distribution, suggesting that phorbol esters exert their potentiating effects presynaptically. 5. Blockade of voltage‐dependent calcium channels with cadmium attenuated the phorbol‐induced increase in spontaneous miniature EPSCs frequency. The phorbol ester‐induced increase in miniature EPSC frequency was also attenuated by dihydropyridines, but not by omega‐conotoxin GVIA. 6. Unlike spontaneous synaptic currents, stimulus‐evoked synaptic currents were reduced by omega‐conotoxin but not by nifedipine. 7. We conclude that the phorbol ester increases spontaneous release of glutamate by modulating an L‐type channel that does not participate in stimulus‐evoked neurotransmitter release.
Mutation Analysis of KRAS and BRAF Genes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: a First Large Scale Study from Iran.

BACKGROUND The investigation of mutation patterns in oncogenes potentially can make available a reliable mechanism for management and treatment decisions for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study concerns the rate of KRAS and BRAF genes mutations in Iranian metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, as well as associations of genotypes with clinicopathological features. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,000 mCRC specimens collected from 2008 to 2012 that referred to the Mehr Hospital and Partolab center, Tehran, Iran enrolled in this cross sectional study. Using HRM, Dxs Therascreen and Pyrosequencing methods, we analyzed the mutational status of KRAS and BRAF genes in these. RESULTS KRAS mutations were present in 33.6% cases (n=336). Of KRAS mutation positive cases, 85.1% were in codon 12 and 14.9% were in codon 13. The most frequent mutation at KRAS codon 12 was Gly12Asp; BRAF mutations were not found in any mCRC patients (n=242). In addition, we observed a strong correlation of KRAS mutations with some clinicopathological characteristics. CONCLUSIONS KRAS mutations are frequent in mCRCs while presence of BRAF mutations in these patients is rare. Moreover, associations of KRAS genotypes with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma and depth of invasion (pT3) were remarkable.
A Review on Movie Script Classification using Sentimental Analysis Approach

– Sentimental analysis of a movie review plays an important role in understanding the sentiment conveyed by the user towards the movie. Now a day’s analysis is more towards specification of categorization or classification of movies in user specific choice which are dependent in either the mood or emotion or choice of user perspective. So proposed a method where movies based on subtitles that are played by characters contains such kind of sentimental words in sentences so that movie can be classified into specific genre. In current work, using the subtitles in dataset and considering movie genre like comedy, thriller, action drama and horror, it can be developed sentimental analysis model using lexicons that are context specific to each genre under consideration. Proposed methodology will play important role in field of movies industries too
Relevance weighting of search terms

This paper examines statistical techniques for exploiting relevance information to weight search terms. These techniques are presented as a natural extension of weighting methods using information about the distribution of index terms in documents in general. A series of relevance weighting functions is derived and is justified by theoretical considerations. In particular, it is shown that specific weighted search methods are implied by a general probabilistic theory of retrieval. Different applications of relevance weighting are illustrated by experimental results for test collections.
Angiotensin peptides regulate angiogenic activity in rat anterior pituitary tumour cell cultures.

INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis has been shown to be necessary for the development and progression of solid tumours. VEGF is one of the crucial pro-angiogenic cytokines produced by the cells of many of the tumours examined, including various types of anterior pituitary adenomas. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to regulate the expression of VEGF in a variety of tissues both in the physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, an association of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with oestrogen-induced vascular changes during the development of rat pituitary PRL-secreting adenoma has already been demonstrated. The aim of the study was to determine the in vitro effects of angiotensin peptides (Ang II, Ang III and Ang IV) on the secretion of VEGF in two anterior pituitary adenoma cell cultures: the culture of the rat pituitary lactosomatotrope tumour cell line (GH3) and the primary culture of rat PRL-secreting tumour induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES). MATERIAL AND METHODS GH3 and prolactinoma cells were cultured in an F10 and an F-12 medium respectively and then placed into 24 multiwell plates (10(5) of GH3 cells/well and 10(6) of rat prolactinoma cells/well). After 12 hours of preincubation the cells underwent 24-hour treatment with Ang II, Ang III or Ang IV at final concentrations of 10(-12), 10(-10), 10(-8) or 10(-6)M and, in the case of the GH3 cells, combined treatment with Ang II (10(-10)M) and specific AT1 or AT2 receptor antagonist (losartan or PD123319 respectively at a concentration of 10(-8) or 10(-7) M). The concentration of VEGF in the supernatant collected was determined using specific ELISA assay kits. Statistical evaluation was performed using Student's test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences were considered significant if p < 0.05. RESULTS The incubation of both GH3 cells and rat adenoma cells with Ang II, Ang III or Ang IV at concentrations of 10(-12) -10(-8)M resulted in a significant increase in VEGF concentration in the culture medium. Exposure of GH3 cells to Ang III or Ang IV at concentrations of 10(-6)M led to a significant inhibition of cytokine release, and Pearson's correlation curve showed a tendency for Ang II at concentrations of more than 10(-6)M to inhibit VEGF secretion in primary prolactinoma cell culture. The stimulatory influence of Ang II on VEGF secretion in GH3 cell culture was negated by losartan or by PD123319 in both concentrations tested. CONCLUSIONS Ang II, Ang III and Ang IV affect the secretion of VEGF in cultures of the rat lactosomatotrope GH3 cell line and primary rat prolactinoma cells. Both AT1 and AT2 receptors mediate the stimulatory action of Ang II on the cytokine release in GH3 cell culture. The mechanism of the observed anti-angiogenic effects of angiotensin peptides remains unexplained.
Assessment of the electromagnetic inversion with the multiscaling Inexact-Newton method

The integration of the Inexact-Newton method within a multi-scaling strategy is assessed in the framework of the contrast field formulation of the electromagnetic inverse scattering. Thanks to the features of the integrated approach, the technique is expected to suitably face the non-linearity and the ill-posedness/ill-conditioning issues of the imaging problem. A numerical validation dealing with different objects, measurement setups, and noise conditions is carried out to provide evidence of the method premises pointing out features and potentialities as well as current limitations. The validation is completed with comparisons with state-of-the-art bare approaches.
The Parsing of Prosody

Prosody has been demonstrated to play some role in parsing the grammatica l structure of utterances of texts that might otherwise display surface (syntactic) ambiguity. In the context of this research, it is important to be able to state with reasonable certainty what the prosody of an utterance is. This paper considers the fact that the prosody is itself a grammatical (phonological) structure that must be parsed. First, prosodic categories that determine or are marked by the intonational pattern are described for English and Japanese, concentrating on the categories “pitch accent” and tonally marked “phrases” at levels of the prosodic hierarchy above the (prosodic) word. Then various potential ambiguities in parsing these categories are discussed, with attention to both the phonological and the phonetic contexts which are most conducive to ambiguity between alternative prosodic parses, and to the implications of these ambiguities for claims about the relationship between prosody and syntax.
Long-time, large-scale properties of a randomly stirred compressible fluid.

The large-scale, long-time properties of a compressible fluid stirred by a Gaussian random force with correlation 3 (d=space dimension) the effective sound velocity becomes scale dependent in the limit k→0 and the fluid obeys a universal equation of state. The effective Mach number is also scale dependent, reaching a fixed-point value Ma*(k)<1 when k→0
Electrophysiological responses of hypertrophied rat myocardium to combined hypoxia, hyperkalemia, and acidosis.

We studied whether electrophysiological response to ischemia could be different in hypertrophied left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and in normal left ventricle of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. For that purpose, we used a two-compartment tissue bath in which one-half of a left ventricular strip was exposed to normal conditions and the other part to ischemic conditions (low pH, hypoxia, and hyperkalemia). Electrical activity was recorded using standard microelectrodes in normal and hypertrophied preparations. Under basal conditions, the action potential duration (APD) and effective refractory period (ERP) were longer in SHRs than in WKY rats (118 +/- 9 ms vs 81 +/- 3 ms, p less than 0.05 and 90 +/- 9 ms vs. 74 +/- 4 ms, p less than 0.05, respectively). During ischemia, the APD and ERP changed in opposite ways in both groups and we observed the development of postrepolarization refractoriness that was greater in hypertrophied than in normal hearts. Maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax) values were 229 +/- 12 and 227 +/- 10 V/s in the SHR and the WKY preparations, respectively. Three minutes after the induction of ischemia, Vmax values decreased to 46 +/- 7 V/s in SHRs and to 106 +/- 12 V/s in WKY rats. A significant increase in subendocardial collagen density was measured in SHR left ventricle compared to WKY rats (4.39 +/- 0.34% vs. 1.66 +/- 0.15%, p less than 0.05), which might partly explain the impaired conduction observed in hypertrophied preparations during ischemia. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Development of the mammalian gonad: The fate of the supporting cell lineage

Sex determination in mammals is mediated via the supporting cell lineage in the fetal gonad. In the very early stages of gonadal development, the fate of the supporting cell population is critically dependent on the expression of the male‐determining gene on the Y chromosome. If this gene is absent or fails to be expressed, or is expressed too late or in too small a number of supporting cells, all supporting cells (XX or XY) differentiate as pre‐follicle cells and development proceeds along the female pathway. Supporting cells in which the male‐determining gene is expressed in a timely manner differentiate as pre‐Sertoli cells; given sufficient such cells, testis cords form and development proceeds in a male direction. If XX supporting cells are also present, a few may be recruited into the pre‐Sertoli population and participate in testis cord formation. The subsequent fate of pre‐follicle cells depends critically on interaction with the germ cell population in the developing gonad: absence of germ cells may lead to partial masculinization of the gonad, and/or to disappearance of the supporting cell component.
PMMA-enhancement of the lateral growth of transfer-free in situ CCVD grown graphene

In this paper we demonstrate the enhancement of the lateral growth of in situ grown catalytic CVD graphene [1] by the introduction of an additional solid carbon source. The fabricated field effect devices show few-layer graphene behavior with an Ion/Ioff ≈ 5, up to a nominal channel length Lnom = 10 μm. The prolonged growth of graphene enables the direct growth of larger devices. Furthermore sheet resistivity measurements using a modified greek cross structure are reported, extracting a sheet resistivity of PMMA-enhanced in situ grown graphene of Rs ≈ 58 kΩ.
Elevation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss macrophage respiratory burst activity with macrophage‐derived supernatants

A variety of supernatants were prepared by stimulating rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss head kidney macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), or a leucocyte‐derived macrophage‐activating factor (I‐MAF), individually and in combination. If generated using a 12‐h stimulation period, such supernatants were found to elevate significantly the respiratory burst activity of target macrophages; that is, they contained a macrophage‐derived MAF (m‐MAF), but supernatants generated using a shorter incubation period showed no significant activity. Combinations of these treatments were particularly effective in generating m‐MAF–containing supernatants. The elevation of respiratory burst activity by supernatants generated using combined treatments could be partially inhibited by prior treatment of the target macrophages with anti‐TNF‐α receptor 1 (TNFR1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Similarly, treatment of macrophages with combinations of 1‐MAF and m‐MAF generated supernatants with potent m‐MAF activity and this activity was partially inhibited by prior treatment of the target cells with anti‐TNFR1 mAb. In addition, the presence of anti‐transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) serum while generating these latter supernatants resulted in significantly increased m‐MAF activity. Such data suggest that fish leukocytes secrete a variety of potent macrophage‐activating (TNF‐α) and ‐deactivating (TGF‐β) factors. J. Leukoc. Biol. 57: 943–947; 1995.
Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A histopathologic study

Histopathologic examination was done on 18 cases after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma. In eight cases, the lesion was treated by PEIT alone; in the other ten cases, PEIT was combined with transcatheter arterial embolization. The lesion was completely necrotic in 13 cases, 90% necrotic in four cases, and 70% necrotic in the rest. In addition, PEIT seemed to be effective against intercapsular, extracapsular, and vascular invasions. In the four cases of incomplete necrosis, the viable cancer tissue remained in small tumor nodules around the main tumor, in portions isolated by septa, or along the edge of the lesion. Therefore, ethanol should be injected not only into the center of the lesion, but also into sites close to its edge. Ethanol did not damage noncancerous liver parenchyma distant from injected sites. Local dissemination of the cancer cells was not found in any case. Therefore, PEIT seems to be a valuable therapy and may be an alternative to surgery in some cases.
Juvenile onset Huntington disease resulting from a very large maternal expansion

We report a 5½‐year‐old girl with a maternal family history of Huntington disease (HD), who presented clinically with unbalanced gait, impaired speech, and increasing difficulty with fine motor control. Onset of symptoms began at the age of 3½ years. The suspected diagnosis of juvenile HD, based upon her family history, was confirmed by DNA analysis. At age 7, the patient died secondary to complications of her underlying disorder. Juvenile‐onset Huntington disease is uncommon, predominantly transmitted by fathers and is always associated with very large expansions of the CAG repeat. Interestingly, this patient inherited a large CAG size expansion from her mother, who herself had symptoms of HD at the age of 18. Molecular analysis revealed that the mother had 70 CAG repeats whereas our patient had ∼130 CAG repeats. This is the largest reported CAG expansion from a maternal transmission that has been confirmed molecularly and it demonstrates that very large expansions can also occur through the maternal lineage. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VARIOUS BUILDING DETECTION METHODS WITH THE USE OF IMAGE AND LIDAR DATA

Original scientific paper In this work, an automated approach for building detection using airborne images and LIDAR data is presented. A combined approach of four methods achieved the best results, using slope-based DSM filtering as well as classification of multispectral images, elevation data and vertical LIDAR point density. The first variant of building detection is based on multispectral classification and DSM filtering. In the second variant, DSM blobs, mainly consisting of buildings and trees, are detected by subtraction of the DTM from the DSM. The third variant uses the planimetric density of raw LIDAR DTM data to detect the above-ground objects. The fourth variant is like the third one, but uses the vertical density of the raw LIDAR data (all points) to distinguish trees and buildings. In the evaluation, the combination of the four methods yields 94 % correct detection at an omission error of 12 %.