Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of attrition from care at 2 years in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected adults in Tigray, Ethiopia

Introduction Ethiopia has experienced rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, as long-term retention in ART therapy is key for ART effectiveness, determinants of attrition need to be identified so appropriate interventions can be designed. Methods We used data from the ‘Cohort of African people Starting Antiretroviral therapy’ (CASA) project, a prospective study of a cohort of HIV-infected patients who started ART in seven health facilities (HFs). We analysed the data of patients who had started first-line ART between January 2013 and December 2014. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the probability of retention at different time points. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with attrition. Results A total of 1198 patients were included in the study. Kaplan–Meier estimates of retention in care were 83.9%, 82.1% and 79.8% at 12, 18 and 24 months after starting ART, respectively. Attrition was mainly due to loss to follow-up, transferred-out patients and documented mortality. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed that male sex, CD4 count <200 cells/µL and the type of HF were significantly associated with attrition. Conclusions The observed attrition differences according to gender suggest that separate interventions designed for women and men should be explored. Moreover, innovative strategies to increase HIV testing should be supported to avoid CD4 levels falling too low, a factor significantly associated with higher attrition in our study. Finally, specific studies to analyse the reasons for different levels of attrition among HFs are required.
Probiotics: Application of “healthy” bacteria to liver transplant recipients

Bacterial infections frequently occur early after liver transplantation. We recently reported significant progress with a synbiotic composition, consisting of one lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and one fiber, which reduced the infection rate from 48% (with selective bowel decontamination) to 13%. Now, our aim is to study if a combination of different LAB and fibers would further improve outcome. A prospective randomized double‐blind trial was undertaken in 66 liver transplant recipients. All patients received enteral nutrition immediately post‐operatively. Comparison was made between one group (A) receiving a composition of four LAB and four fibers and another group (B) receiving the fibers only. The treatment started the day before surgery and continued for 14 days. Thirty‐day infection rate, length of hospital stay, duration of antibiotic therapy, non‐infectious complications and side effects of enteral nutrition were recorded. The incidence of post‐operative bacterial infections was significantly reduced; being 48% with only fibers and 3% with LAB and fibers. In addition, the duration of antibiotic therapy was significantly shorter in the latter group. In both groups, mainly mild or moderate infections occurred. Fibers and LAB were well tolerated. Early enteral nutrition supplemented with a mixture of LAB and fibers reduces bacterial infection rates following liver transplantation. Treatment with only fibers led to a low incidence of severe infections.
Fish Oil Amplifies the Effect of Propranolol in Mild Essential Hypertension

Forty-seven male patients with mild essential hypertension were randomly allocated to three subgroups. After a run-in period of 4 weeks, the first subgroup (n = 16) received propranolol (80 mg/day) for 36 weeks followed by a placebo period of 4 weeks. The second subgroup (n = 15), after a run-in period of 4 weeks, was given a supplement of encapsulated fish oil (9 g/day) for 36 weeks with a subsequent period of 4 weeks in which fish oil placebo was given. The third subgroup (n = 16), after a run-in period of 4 weeks, was given propranolol (80 mg/day) for 12 weeks, propranolol (80 mg/day) plus fish oil capsules (9 g/day equivalent to 1.8 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.1 g/day of docosahexaenoic acid) for 12 weeks, propranolol plus fish oil placebo (same doses for 12 weeks) with a subsequent period of 4 weeks when propranolol placebo was administered. The results indicate a blood pressure-lowering effect of fish oil, which was comparable with that of propranolol. The simultaneous intake of fish oil plus propranolol was more effective than propranolol or fish oil alone. Propranolol treatment resulted in a decrease of plasma norepinephrine, plasma renin activity, and thromboxane B2 formation. After fish oil supplementation, plasma norepinephrine and thromboxane B2 formation were likewise reduced, whereas plasma renin activity appeared increased. The decrease of serum triglycerides, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as the rise of high density lipoprotein cholesterol are concomitant beneficial effects, which justify the consideration of fish oil alone or in combination with antihypertensive drugs for the treatment of mild hypertension.
Andrew’s sine estimation for a robust iterative multiframe Super-Resolution Reconstruction using stochastic regularization technique

In these two decades, although there has been a great deal of research developing super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) algorithms and many such algorithms have been proposed, the almost SRR algorithms are based on L1 or L2 statistical norm estimation. Consequently, these SRR algorithms are typically very sensitive to their assumed noise model that limits their utility. This paper proposes a novel SRR algorithm based on the stochastic regularization technique of Bayesian MAP estimation by minimizing a cost function. The Andrewpsilas Sine norm is used for measuring the difference between the projected estimate of the high-resolution image and each low resolution image and for removing outliers in the data. Moreover Tikhonov regularization is used to remove artifacts from the final answer and improve the rate of convergence. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated here in a number of experimental results using Lena standard images and using a several noise models such as noiseless, AWGN, Poisson noise and salt & pepper noise.
Complete Genome Sequence of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Degrader Comamonas testosteroni TK102 (NBRC 109938)

ABSTRACT Comamonas testosteroni TK102 (NBRC 109938; JCM 19603) can utilize biphenyl as a sole carbon source and degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The complete nucleotide sequence of the TK102 genome was determined. TK102 possesses several integrative and conjugative element-like regions, and one of them carries biphenyl-degradative genes.
Emulsion Formulation Reduces Propofol's Dose Requirements and Enhances Safety

Background: Propofol, a highly lipophilic anesthetic, is formulated in a lipid emulsion for intravenous use. Propofol has brisk onset and offset of effect after rapid administration and retains rapid offset characteristics after long‐term administration. The authors tried to determine whether the emulsion vehicle is requisite for propofol's evanescent effect‐time profile. Methods: The time course of sedation and electroencephalographic (EEG) effect after propofol administration was measured in three studies in rats instrumented. In study 1, propofol was infused in either emulsion or lipid‐free vehicle (n = 12), in a repeated measures cross‐over design. In study 2, propofol in lipid‐free vehicle was infused with or without simultaneous infusion of drug‐free lipid emulsion (n = 6) in a repeated measures cross‐over design. In study 3, propofol was infused in either emulsion (n = 5) or lipid‐free vehicle (n = 5) to EEG burst suppression. Results: In study 1, relative to the emulsion formulation, propofol administered at equivalent doses in lipid‐free vehicle resulted in a longer time to effect onset (1.4 +/‐ 0.2 vs. 0.5 +/‐ 0.1 min, EEG) and a trend for delayed anesthetic recovery (26.8 +/‐ 9.4 vs. 17 +/‐ 3.5 min, EEG; 26.1 +/‐ 8.8 vs. 16.8 +/‐ 3.3 min, sleep). In study 2, coadministration of drug‐free emulsion with propofol did not alter the time course of effect. In study 3, more than twice the dose of propofol was required to achieve EEG burst suppression with the lipid‐free formulation. Two animals died after administration of propofol to EEG burst suppression with the lipid‐free formulation; no deaths occurred in the emulsion group. Conclusion: The incorporation of propofol in emulsion reduces dose requirements and produces rapid onset and recovery of anesthetic effect.
An Electric-Vehicle IPMSM Drive With Interleaved Front-End DC/DC Converter

This paper presents the development of an electric-vehicle (EV) interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive and its operation control. The power circuit of the established EV IPMSM drive consists of a two-leg interleaved bidirectional front-end dc/dc buck–boost converter and a three-phase inverter. The front-end converter can establish adjustable and boostable dc-link voltage for the motor drive to enhance its high-speed driving performance. It can also allow the battery bank to be charged from the motor during regenerative braking. Good current sharing control between converter modules and dc-link boosted voltage regulation response are preserved via the developed robust control scheme. Moreover, fast disturbance rejection response against the module fault and recovery is achieved. The comparative driving performance enhancements via dc-link voltage boosting and commutation instant tuning are conducted. Then, through proper setting and control, the established EV IPMSM drive possesses good driving performances, including starting, acceleration/deceleration, regenerative braking, and reversible operation characteristics.
The Game Analysis Based on the Third-party Platform Supervision in E-commerce

The rapid development of the Internet varied the traditional trading approach and meanwhile gave rise to the Electrical Commerce.E-commerce in China has developed rapidly in recent years.Put forward the game analysis model on the third-party platform supervision and sellers in e-commerce as well as on the seller and buyer in e-commerce . And puts forward some Suggestions to solve problems.
PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTING RECTIFYING CIRCUITS COMPARISON

The voltage that generated from piezoelectric cantilever is dependent on the magnitude of vibration source and the resonant frequency. In order for the AC electrical energy that derived from the oscillated kinetic energy source to be used for powering electronic devices, it needs to be rectified to DC. Full wave rectifying bridge using conventional diode is a popular choice for its simplicity and ready availability, however at low level output voltage that generated from piezoelectric energy harvester, it would not be able to perform the function because the voltage level that generated could be less than that required to operate the diode. Therefore low voltage operated rectifying circuit is crucial for piezoelectric energy harvesting application. This paper discusses on a few rectifying circuit to compare their performance and it shows that a MOSFET active switching circuit has the higher AC to DC power conversion efficiency compared to other conventional rectifying circuits.
Advances in Antiviral Therapy: Acydovir

Abstract: Acyclovir [9‐(2‐hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine] is a newly licensed acyclic nucleoside analog that is active in vitro and in vivo against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). This agent is available in the United States in topical and intravenous forms, and the oral preparation is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. The precise therapeutic role for acyclovir in patients with herpesvirus infections is still evolving. This article reviews the current status of this exciting new antiviral agent.
The Adoption of the Internet to Support Arab Academics

This chapter addresses the adoption of Internet applications by an Arab Student Association in North America (ASANA)1. ASANA uses the Internet to integrate its members, promote the Arabic culture, bridge with the American society and transfer knowledge to its native country. It delivers these services through websites, email service, electronic payment systems, online conferencing, file sharing tools and other digital resources. These online services build social capital, accrue intellectual capital, and cement mutual understanding between Arabs and the American society. However, these e-services are not widely adopted due to the lack of awareness of their usefulness, the absence of suitable IT culture, poor service quality, instability of leadership, and inadequate incentive system. Improving the adoption of ASANA e-services requires stable leadership, supportive IT culture, assessing provided services, and providing incentives to members to participate. This chapter provides insights and conceptual details that help Arab academic communities to use the Internet to participate in the overall socioeconomic development of their societies. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0882-5.ch4. 9
On the Duration of Mandarin Tones

The present study compared the duration of Mandarin tones in three types of speech contexts: isolated monosyllables, formal text-reading passages, and casual conversations. A total of 156 adult speakers was recruited. The speech materials included 44 monosyllables recorded from each of 121 participants, 18 passages read by 2 participants, and 20 conversations conducted by 33 participants. The duration pattern of the four lexical tones in the isolated monosyllables was consistent with the pattern described in previous literature. However, the duration of the four lexical tones became much shorter and tended to converge to that of the neutral tone (i.e., tone 0) in the text-reading and conversational speech. The maximum-likelihood estimator revealed that the durational cue contributed to tone recognition in the isolated monosyllables. With a single speaker, the average tone recognition based on duration alone could reach approximately 65% correct. As the number of speakers increased (e.g., ≥ 4), tone recognition performance dropped to approximately 45% correct. In conversational speech, the maximum likelihood estimation of tones based on duration cues was only 23% correct. The tone duration provided little useful cue to differentiate Mandarin tonal identity in everyday situations.
MODEL PENDETEKSIAN KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN OLEH AUDITOR SPESIALIS INDUSTRI DENGAN ANALISIS FRAUD TRIANGLE

Abstrak: Model Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan dengan Analisis Fraud Triangle. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat model dalam mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menguji variabel fraud triangle dan auditor spesialis industri dengan kecurangan laporan keuangan. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 perusahaan fraud dan 30 perusahaan non-fraudyang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) serta terkena sanksi dan kasus oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan financial targetsdapat mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan, sedangkan financial stabililty tidak dapat mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan. Abstract: Financial Statement Fraud Detection Model with Fraud Triangle Analysis. The research purposes is to create a model to detect financial statement fraud. This research examines the variable of fraud triangle and auditor industry specialization with financial statement fraud. Samples were 30 companies of fraud and 30 non-fraud companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and sanctioned by the Financial Services Authority (FSA). The result shows the financial targets can be detect financial statement fraud, while financial stability can’t be detect financial statement fraud.
Numerical Simulation of Combustion Flows in Gas Generator

In order to enhance the performance of gas generators and optimize the structures, combustion flows were simulated. The turbulence was solved by the RNG two-equation model, the reaction was settled by the simple chemical reacting system (SCRC) of the infinitely fast chemical reaction assumption and the beta probability density function (PDF) without the intermediate reactions, the radiative heat transfer was calculated by P-l radiation model, the physical nozzle was simulated by the pressure-swirl atomizer model, and the emission of NOx was simulated as well. The characteristic parameters of the nonpremixed combustion flows between the air and the C 12 H 23 , such as pressure, temperature and velocity etc, were obtained with FLUENT program about different structures and air-inlet conditions. The follows were considered and demonstrated with simulation results: the resistance character of structures, the relationship between the mass of cooling-air and the temperature distribution on inner walls, the NOx emissions etc.
Measuring the impact of the pet trade on Indonesian birds

The trade in wild animals involves one‐third of the world's bird species and thousands of other vertebrate species. Although a few species are imperiled as a result of the wildlife trade, the lack of field studies makes it difficult to gauge how serious a threat it is to biodiversity. We used data on changes in bird abundances across space and time and information from trapper interviews to evaluate the effects of trapping wild birds for the pet trade in Sumatra, Indonesia. To analyze changes in bird abundance over time, we used data gathered over 14 years of repeated bird surveys in a 900‐ha forest in southern Sumatra. In northern Sumatra, we surveyed birds along a gradient of trapping accessibility, from the edge of roads to 5 km into the forest interior. We interviewed 49 bird trappers in northern Sumatra to learn which species they targeted and how far they went into the forest to trap. We used prices from Sumatran bird markets as a proxy for demand and, therefore, trapping pressure. Market price was a significant predictor of species declines over time in southern Sumatra (e.g., given a market price increase of approximately $50, the log change in abundance per year decreased by 0.06 on average). This result indicates a link between the market‐based pet trade and community‐wide species declines. In northern Sumatra, price and change in abundance were not related to remoteness (distance from the nearest road). However, based on our field surveys, high‐value species were rare or absent across this region. The median maximum distance trappers went into the forest each day was 5.0 km. This suggests that trapping has depleted bird populations across our remoteness gradient. We found that less than half of Sumatra's remaining forests are >5 km from a major road. Our results suggest that trapping for the pet trade threatens birds in Sumatra. Given the popularity of pet birds across Southeast Asia, additional studies are urgently needed to determine the extent and magnitude of the threat posed by the pet trade.
Assessment of Research Quality of Telehealth Trials in Pain Management: A Meta‐Analysis

Although telehealth‐based pain management research has grown over the last decade, it is difficult to determine the state of the research because of methodological differences and variability in quality among existing studies. In a previous systematic review, we outlined these differences and preliminarily explored the promise of telehealth for pain intervention. We completed a PRISMA compliant meta‐analysis of telehealth pain management research to more precisely describe the state of the research and to uncover gaps in the existing literature that highlight directions for future research. We identified 10 relevant studies completed between 2000 and 2011 including 3 noninferiority and 7 superiority studies. Meta‐analysis revealed an overall benefit of telehealth interventions over control conditions and equivalence with in‐person intervention. However, some of the reviewed studies found no benefit for telehealth over control conditions. Some methodological concerns among the examined research included poor research quality, small sample sizes, and the examination of telehealth pain interventions without proven efficacy for in‐person treatment. Recommendations for future studies are reviewed.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING

Abstrak: Corporate Governance dan Internet Financial Reporting . Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh kualitas corporate governance terhadap internet financial reporting dengan variabel kontrol ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas. Variabel kontrol ukuran perusahaan diukur dengan total aset dan profitabilitas diukur dengan ROE. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 24 perusahaan dengan kriteria terdaftar dalam survei IICG dengan skor CGPI 2012, mempunyai website dan menerbitkan laporan keuangan 2011. Teknik analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan internet financial reporting dipengaruhi oleh kualitas corporare governance tetapi tidak dipengaruhi oleh ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas. Abstract: Corporate Governance and Internet Financial Reporting. This study aimed to test influence of corporate governance quality to internet financial reporting which is firm size and profitabilitas as variable control. Firm size is measured by total asset and profitability is measured by ROE. Sampling technique uses purposive sampling and employs 24 firms that listed on IICG survey with CGPI 2012 scores, having website and disclose financial reporting 2011. Data were analyzed with multiple linear regression. Results show that internet financial reporting is affected by corpora t e governance.