Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of the Bid Amount Model to Cost Estimation Systems for Public Works

When government and local agencies order public works, contract officials are mandated to set a threshold price, which is the upper limit of the bidding price for each project, in Japan. We have developed and maintained “a cost estimation system” which computes the threshold price. In this paper, we present a model analysis using the game theory on the basis of micro-economy. The model to examine is based on an auction theory which was developed considering game theory as a basis. We employed “first-price sealed-bid auction”. It turned out that it is effective to support bidding and contract procedures complete smoothly, to add the data and logic on which the production cost of a tender company.
EFFECT OF REPLACING CORN AND SOYBEAN MEAL WITH BREWERS RICE AND DRIED DISTILLERS BREWERS YEAST ON PERFORMANCE OF GROWING-FINISHING PIGS

The objective of this study was to determine the ef fect of replacing corn and Soybean Meal (SBM) with Brewers Rice (BR) and Dried Distillers Brewers Yeast (DDBY), respectively, on ADG, G:F, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility (ATTD), fecal DM output and fecal loss of N and P of growingfinishing pigs. Sixty four Yorkshire x Duroc x Hamp shire crosses (BW = 73±5.7 kg) were randomly assigned to corn/SBM (CSM), BR/SBM (RSM), corn/DDBY (CBY) or BR/DDBY (RBY) diets. Compared with pigs finished on corn based diets, pi gs fed BR based diets gained faster (0.868 vs. 0.730 kg.pig -1 ; p<0.01) and had better gain to feed ratio (0.30 v s. 0.25; p<0.01). Pigs finished on RBY diet had the least fecal DM output (0.245, 0.352, 0 .575, 0.639 kg.pig -1 ; p<0.001) and greatest ATTD (91.5, 87.8, 80.0, 77.9%; p<0.001) followed by RSM, CBY and CSM pigs, respectively. Pigs finished on RBY diet lost the least (p<0.001) amount of N (0 .010, 0.013, 0.019, 0.021 kg.pig -1 ) and P (0.010, 0.014, 0.016, 0.019 kg.pig -1 ) in the feces followed by pigs finished on RSM, CB Y and CSM, respectively. In conclusion, BR and DDBY can replace all corn and SBM in swine diets with no negative effects on performance of growing-finishin g pigs.
Micropropagation of wild chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.) from leaf explants.

Cichorium intybus is edible, medicinal and forage plant. The pharmaceutical raw materials were obtained from wild chicory (var. silvestre). Currently, farmers are in- creasingly assume plantations of wild chicory, and breeders are attempting to produce cul- tivars for medicinal purposes. In the modern breeding of chicory important feature is the ability to clonal propagation in vitro culture. The aim of our study was to assess capacity of natural population of wild chicory for plant regeneration from leaf explants. In the first was examined the effect of 16 combinations of various concentrations of IAA and 2iP on the regeneration of shoots from leaf explants (0.5 cm 2 ). After that, 25 plants were propa- gated on the medium which was found as optimal. Then, their callus growth and shoots regeneration capacities were compared. Later on, was examined the effect of various IAA concentrations on the rooting of shoots. The majority of the shoots was regenerated from callus but direct organogenesis was also observed (8%). Shoot regeneration was found to be the most efficient on MS medium containing 0.5 mg dm -3 IAA and 4 mg dm -3 2iP - 97% of the explants produced shoots, while the average number of shoots was 15.5. The amount of callus was found to be a highly heritable trait (h 2 = 0.83). Lower the heritability coefficients were obtained for the number of shoots per explant (0.55) and the average shoot weight (0.40). The wild chicory shoots rooted easily. The number and weight of roots increased with the increasing concentration of IAA.
Identity Development Among Racially Diverse Transgender and Similarly Gender Nonconforming LGB Youth

Several distinct yet overlapping literatures have contributed to understanding the trajectories of gender nonconforming children. However, these often fail to adequately distinguish the experiences of those who share similar experiences of childhood gender nonconformity, but come to self-identify in various ways. To address this gap, transgender identifying youth were matched with non-transgender identifying youth of similar levels of childhood gender nonconformity (N=20, ages 19 to 23, 75% racial/ethnic minority), and developmental semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative data analysis was guided by an ecological framework, which identified the characteristics of the youth’s self-understandings (identity, physical self, self presentation, interests/activities, attractions/behavior) and the settings (e.g., school, family, community centers, media) that they interactively negotiated throughout development. Focus on the self codes revealed multiple related, distinct, and interactive dimensions of gender and sexuality, which also changed over time. These dimensions will be discussed, along with the similarities and differences found across birth sex (male, female) and current gender identity (transgender, primarily non-transgender). Overall, results highlight the complexity and diversity of experience within the transgender umbrella. They also reinforce the importance of youth’s exposure to a range of ways of making meaning of one’s gender and sexual orientation related experiences, and support a move away from disorder based models of gender variance to those that focus on the supportiveness of the context.
Strain rate effects on reinforcing steels in tension

It is unquestionable the fact that a structural system should be able to fulfil the function for which it was created, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the cause of damage. In addition, it is an undeniable fact that in reinforced concrete structures under severe dynamic loadings, both concrete and reinforcing bars are subjected to high strain-rates. Although the behavior of the reinforcing steel under high strain rates is of capital importance in the structural assessment under the abovementioned conditions, only the behaviour of concrete has been widely studied. Due to this lack of data on the reinforcing steel under high strain rates, an experimental program on rebar reinforcing steels under high strain rates in tension is running at the DynaMat Laboratory. In this paper a comparison of the behaviour in a wide range of strain-rates of several types of reinforcing steel in tension is presented. Three reinforcing steels, commonly proposed by the European Standards, are compared: B500A, B500B and B500C. Lastly, an evaluation of the most common constitutive laws is performed.
Iron-binding ligands and their role in the ocean biogeochemistry of iron

Environmental context. It is now well accepted that iron is an essential micronutrient for phytoplankton growth in many areas of the global ocean, even though this element is present in seawater in extremely low abundance. It is also known that most of the iron in seawater is present as complexes formed with ligands of natural organic matter whose nature and origin remain largely unknown. Here we consider how these iron-complexing ligands might have evolved during geological time, what factors may have given rise to their presence and the possible roles that they play in iron biogeochemistry. Abstract. Current knowledge about the role of iron-binding organic ligands in the ocean and their role in determining the biogeochemistry of this biologically active element has been summarised. Some electrochemical measurements suggest the presence of at least two ligand types, a strong binding ligand L1 found mainly in the mixed layer and a weaker ligand L2 found mainly in deep water. Speciation of FeIII is dominated by L1 in the mixed layer and L2 in the deep ocean. There is some evidence that L1 is siderophore-like and is specifically generated by marine microbes (i.e. heterotropic bacteria and cyanobacteria). We suggest that this is a specific biological mechanism for sequestering iron in the mixed layer that developed early in the ocean’s history (Archaean period, 2500–3500 million years BP), whereas the more ubiquitous L2 ligand only arose at the close of the Proterozoic (500–2500 million years BP) when eukaryotic organisms evolved to switch on the ocean’s biological pump, allowing L2 ligands to form from the oxidation of sinking biological particles. This development coincided with the complete oxygenation of the ocean’s interior which removed the iron-binding sulfide ion and allowed maintenance of the ocean’s iron inventory. These speculations are accompanied by various suggestions about avenues for future research to better understand iron biogeochemistry.
Habitat-specific divergence of air conditioning structures in bird bills

ABSTRACT We used high precision computed tomography (CT) and traditional radiography to study the nasal conchae, complex structures within the nasal cavity that condition air via countercurrent heat exchange. Air conditioning in the conchae assists thermoregulation and water balance, both of which pose challenges for many birds. We hypothesized that hot and water-limited environments would select for larger or more complex conchae to maximize moisture recapture during exhalation and in turn cause the evolution of deeper and wider bills. We provide the first intraspecific comparison of concha size and structure in birds based on CT scans of 15 individuals and radiographs of 39 individuals of 2 subspecies of Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) that inhabit climatically distinct habitats. CT scans revealed that middle and rostral conchae filled the nasal cavities and had larger surface areas in individuals with larger nasal cavities. The subspecies that inhabits hot and dry coastal dunes (M. m. atlantica) had relatively larger conchae and greater overlap of middle and rostral conchae than a nearby inland subspecies that inhabits moister environments (M. m. melodia). Radiographs revealed deeper and wider nasal cavities in the dune-endemic subspecies, further indicating they have larger conchae. Locations of maximum complexity of both conchae were more distal in the dune endemic subspecies. These anatomical differences suggest current or past divergent selection pressures on conchae; the larger conchae in the dune subspecies may allow greater water recapture while exhaling. The conchae and external bill are nested structures that were positively related in size and play functionally related roles in thermoregulation, therefore suggesting phenotypic integration. We hypothesize that the typically deeper and wider bill of the dune subspecies has evolved, at least in part, to accommodate larger conchae.
A Madden‐Julian Oscillation in tropospheric ozone

This study shows evidence of a Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) in tropospheric ozone. Tropospheric ozone is derived using differential measurements of total column ozone and stratospheric column ozone from total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) and microwave limb sounder (MLS) instruments. Two broad regions of significant MJO signal are identified in the tropics, one in the western Pacific and the other in the eastern Pacific. Over both regions, MJO variations in tropospheric ozone represent 5–10 Dobson Unit (DU) peak‐to‐peak anomalies. These variations are significant compared to mean background amounts of around 20 DU or less over most of the tropical Pacific. MJO signals of this magnitude would need to be considered when investigating and interpreting particular pollution events since ozone is a precursor of the Hydroxyl (OH) radical, the main oxidizing agent of pollutants in the lower atmosphere.
State-of-the-Art and Future Directions for HRM from a Paradox Perspective: Introduction to the Special Issue

Managing HRM related tensions is a matter of practical and theoretical significance. Despite increasing interest among HRM scholars in understanding the nature of tensions in managing the employment relationship, attempts to explore these tensions that go beyond the mapping of dualities or naming of the negative aspects of tensions are somewhat rare. Furthermore, discussions on managing HRM tensions tend to be of limited value for practitioners due to their overly abstract nature contributing to what several commentators lament is a growing theory-practice gap in HRM research. This Special Issue aims to advance the discussion on tensions in HRM by drawing on a recent paradox perspective from organization theory. Along with the contributors to the Special Issue, we explore how a paradox perspective can support HRM researchers in a more systematic analysis of types of HRM paradoxes and tensions and in deepening awareness of practical strategies for coping actively and constructively with tensions. In this introduction to the Special Issue, we first provide a synthesis of the features of a paradox perspective and contrast it with previous research on tensions in organization theory and HRM. Next, we illustrate how a paradox perspective can be applied to analyzing HRM tensions presenting key examples of such analysis. We then introduce the contributions to this Special Issue all of which draw, albeit in different ways, on a paradox perspective on HRM. Finally, we explore opportunities for future research. In particular, we focus on the need to move from a duality perspective to a paradox perspective on HRM, on opportunities to explore the links between HRM, paradox and organizational sustainability and on the skills and capabilities needed for coping with HRM paradoxes both at individual and organizational/HRM levels.
Long-term studies after primary and revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction using different types of autograft - with special emphasis on the clinical, radiographic, histological and ultrastructural results

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome after primary ACL reconstruction surgery using either BPTB or HT autografts and, in addition, ACL revision surgery using re-harvested patellar tendon autografts. Clinical and standard radiographic assessments were made of both the primary ACL-reconstructed knees and the patients who underwent ACL revision surgery using re-harvested patellar tendon autografts. Furthermore, in the revised knees, the patellar tendon underwent radiographic evaluations using MRI two and ten years after the index operation and histological and ultrastructural evaluations using a light and transmission electron microscope at ten years. In 14 patients, who were examined two and ten years after the re-harvesting procedure for revision ACL surgery, the clinical results were poor and the patellar tendon at the donor site had not normalised, as seen on MRI at both two and ten years. No differences in terms of the MRI assessments were registered between the two- and ten-year assessments. In a prospective, randomised seven-year follow-up study, 71 patients underwent primary ACL reconstruction using either BPTB or HT autografts. The objective and subjective outcomes were similar between the groups and a significant improvement compared with the pre-operative values was seen in most clinical assessments. No difference in terms of donorsite morbidity was found. One hundred and twenty-four patients who underwent an ACL reconstruction using either BPTB or HT autografts were included in a retrospective study comparing the radiographic OA findings seven years after ACL reconstruction. No significant differences between the graft types in terms of OA findings classified according to the Ahlback and Fairbank rating systems were found between the study groups. Associated meniscal injuries increased the prevalence of OA. Specimens from the patellar tendon of 12 patients were obtained using an ultrasonographyguided biopsy procedure ten years after re-harvesting the central third of the patellar tendon at revision ACL surgery. The histological evaluation using the light microscope revealed a deterioration in fibre structure with increased cellularity and increased vascularity in both the central and peripheral parts of the index patellar tendon specimens compared with normal control tendon. The ultrastructural evaluation using the electron microscope revealed pathological cell morphology and a change in fibril size class distribution compared with the normal control tendon.
Decrease in lipid rich plaque during percutaneous coronary intervention: reality or artefact? An observational study using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Background: Lipid rich plaque (LRP) content has been shown to decrease after high-pressure balloon-expandable stent placement. LRPs are quantified by the lipid core burden index (LCBI) on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We aim to evaluate the changes in LRP content during sequential steps of non-urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using low-pressures. Methods: A total of 10 patients with a LCBI>200 on pre-stenting NIRS and successful PCI with the self-apposing stent were included. Quantitative coronary angiography was used to assess luminal diameters. IVUS-NIRS was performed pre-stenting after initial pre-dilatation, post-stenting and after post-dilatation to assess the LCBI and the plaque burden to evaluate plaque modification. IVUS-NIRS is analyzed for all stented segments including proximal and distal stent edges using dedicated software. Results: Mean balloon pressure was 11.4±3.8 atm. Pre-stent reference vessel diameter (RVD) was 3.3±0.6 mm, Dmax was 3.9±0.9 mm. Mean LCBI of the stented segment was 160±96 pre-stenting, 32±49 post-stenting and 21±35 after post-dilatation (p=0.001). The plaque burden remained constant in the stented segment; 0.48±0.1 mm² pre-stenting vs. 0.51±0.1 mm² post-stenting vs. 0.48±0 mm² after final post-dilatation (p=0.14). Conclusions: Serial IVUS-NIRS demonstrated a significant decrease of LCBI in the stented segment from pre-stenting to post-stenting and after post-dilatations, while plaque burden remained unaltered throughout PCI in relatively large RVDs. This discrepancy might possible explained by the fact that NIRS might be not detecting the lipid in larger RVDs since it is only validated in small RVDs. Research including larger numbers of patients are warranted to confirm this concept.
Forest Machine Tire-Soil Interaction

New forest machine solutions have to be much gentler to the ground than today’s machines. To be able to develop a forestry machine that preserves the terrain requires a proper understanding of the interaction between tire and soil. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the existing knowledge of forest machine tire-soil interaction. A comparison of analytical results from different WES-based terrain interaction modelswith full-scale field test results is presented. A Valmet 860.3 Adams-MBS model, developed at KTH, was modified to simulate the effects from soft-soil. Results from model simulations were compared with analytical WES-based methods.
Ecological assessment of the oyster Crassostrea sikamea population and associated benthic communities on restored oyster reefs along Jiangsu Province coast, China

Oyster reefs are an important coastal habitat providing essential ecosystem services, including water filtration, habitat provisioning, shoreline stabilization, and nutrient retention. The Liyashan oyster reef is located inshore of Dongzhao Port, Haimen County, Jiangsu Province, China. However, the natural intertidal oyster reef is rapidly degrading due to high sedimentation, habitat loss, and overfishing, with its area reduced by 30% during 2003—2013. To protect the important biogenic reef, a restoration project was initiated in 2013—2014. We recycled 100 tons of oyster shells (≥ 6 months) from the oyster aquaculture zone in Xiangshan Bay as substrate ( cultch) for oyster larval setting, where 16000 nylon bags (diameter: 20 cm, height: 50 cm, mesh: 2 cm) were filled with old oyster shells. In early July 2013, the oyster shells
Shocked quartz grains in the polymict breccia of the Granby structure, Sweden–‐Verification of an impact

Abstract— The Middle Ordovician Granby structure in Sweden is generally considered the result of an asteroidal or cometary collision with Earth, although no hard evidence, i.e., shock metamorphic features or traces of the impactor, have been presented to date. In this study, drill core samples of a sedimentary breccia from the Granby structure have been investigated for microscopic shock metamorphic evidence in an attempt to verify the impact genesis of the structure. The finding of multiple sets of decorated planar deformation features (PDFs) in quartz grains in these samples provides unambiguous evidence that the structure is impact derived. Furthermore, the orientation of the PDFs, e.g., ω {101 }, π {101 } and r, z {101 }, is characteristic for impact deformation. The fact that a majority of the PDFs are decorated implies a water‐bearing target. The shocked quartz grains can be divided into two groups; rounded grains found in the breccia matrix likely originated from mature sandstone, and angular grains in fragments from crystalline target rocks. The absence of melt particles provides an estimated maximum shock pressure for the sedimentary derived quartz of 15–20 GPa and the frequency distribution of PDF orientations in the bedrock quartz implies pressures of the order of 10 GPa.
New evidence on brain-endocranial cavity relationships in ornithischian dinosaurs

Discussions of brain morphology and relative brain size in nonavian dinosaurs have been complicated by uncertainty in the extent to which the brain filled the endocranial cavity. Recently reported vascular imprints (valleculae) on the endocranial sur− faces of the braincase suggest that nonavian maniraptoriform theropods had brains that tightly fit the endocranium. Similar impressions of the intracranial vascular system are reported here in two ornithischian clades, Hadrosauridae and Pachy− cephalosauridae. These structures are more widespread in dinosaurs than previously thought, and suggest that the brain closely fit the endocranium in some regions of the forebrain through hindbrain in several distantly related dinosaur groups.
Models of Regional Growth: Past, Present and Future

This paper presents an overview of various models of regional growth that have appeared in the literature in the last 40 years. It considers the past, and therefore supply-side models, such as the standard neoclassical, juxtaposed against essentially demand-side approaches such as the export-base and cumulative causation models (as integrated into the Kaldorian approach); before moving on to the present and more recent versions of the neoclassical model involving spatial weights and "convergence clubs", as well as New Economic Geography core-periphery models, and the "innovation systems" approach. A key feature of the more recent literature is an attempt to explicitly include spatial factors into the model, and thus there is a renewed emphasis on agglomeration economies and spillovers. Discussing "present" and "future" approaches to regional growth overlaps with the current emphasis in the literature on the importance of more intangible factors such as the role of "knowledge" and its influence on growth. Lastly, there is a discussion of the greater emphasis that needs to be placed at the "micro-level" when considering what drives growth, and thus factors such as inter alia firm heterogeneity, entrepreneurship, and absorptive capacity.