Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations among attachment classifications of mothers, fathers, and their infants.

Associations are reported among classifications of Adult Attachment Interviews (AAIs) obtained from expectant parents and subsequent classifications of their infants in the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Mothers' AAIs predicted infant-mother SSPs (chi 2 = 41.87, N = 96, df = 9, p < or = .0001), and fathers' AAIs predicted infant-father SSPs (chi 2 = 18.94, N = 90, df = 6, p < or = .005). Associations between parents' AAIs and infant-parent SSPs were lessened by the failure to predict the insecure-resistant pattern with mother and the absence of this pattern with father. Counter to expectation, infant-father SSPs were associated with infant-mother SSPs (chi 2 = 3.78, N = 90, df = 1, p < or = .05), which could not be accounted for in terms of an overlap between parental AAIs. A secondary analysis of the data suggested that this dependency effect of SSPs may be explained by the influence of maternal AAIs upon child-father SSPs. Results are discussed in terms of intergenerational and relationship-specific influences upon attachment during infancy, the possible influence of infant temperament, and the relative influence of mother and father upon the child's evolving representations of attachments within the family.
The concordance of intraoperative left ventricular wall-motion abnormalities and electrocardiographic S-T segment changes: association with outcome after coronary revascularization. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group.

BACKGROUND Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and Holter electrocardiography (ECG) are used to detect intraoperative ischemia during coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Concordance of these modalities and sensitivity as indicators of adverse perioperative cardiac outcomes are poorly defined. The authors tried to determine whether routine use of Holter ECG and TEE in patients with CABGs has clinical value in identifying those patients in whom myocardial infarction (MI) is likely to develop. METHODS A total of 351 patients with CABG and both ECG- and TEE-evaluable data were examined for the occurrence of ischemia and infarction. The TEE and five-lead Holter ECGs were performed continuously during cardiac surgery. The incidence of MI (creatine kinase-MB > or = 100 ng/ml) within 12 h of arrival in the intensive care [ICU] unit, new ECG Q wave on ICU admission or on the morning of postoperative day 1, or both, were recorded. RESULTS Electrocardiographic or TEE evidence of intraoperative ischemia was present in 126 (36%) patients. The concordance between modalities was poor (positive concordance = 17%; Kappa statistic = 0.13). Myocardial infarction occurred in 62 (17%) patients, and 32 (52%) of them had previous intraoperative ischemia. Of these, 28 (88%) were identified by TEE, whereas 13 (41%) were identified by ECG. Prediction of MI was greater for TEE compared with ECG. CONCLUSIONS Wall-motion abnormalities detected by TEE are more common than S-T segment changes detected by ECG, and concordance between the two modalities is low. One half of patients with MI had preceding ECG or TEE ischemia. Logistic regression revealed that TEE is twice as predictive as ECG in identifying patients who have MI.
Lenticular rubidium uptake in hypertensive `cataract‐prone' salt‐sensitive rats

We have previously reported a high incidence of cataract formation in adult hypertensive salt-sensitive rats, suggesting that hypertension may be an important cataractogenic risk factor. Weanling salt-sensitive rats that eventually developed cataracts showed a marked increase in the pressor response to a high-sodium diet compared to salt-sensitive rats that did not develop cataracts. A lens and aqueous fluid electrolyte imbalance occurred in all adult salt-sensitive rats examined, but was greater in the salt-sensitive rats that developed cataracts, suggesting an alteration in lens and/or ciliary ion transport in cataracts associated with hypertension. In the present study, lens 86Rb uptake was measured in adult hypertensive salt-sensitive rats prior to cataract formation. `Cataract-prone' salt-sensitive hypertensive rats (increased pressor response to a high sodium diet given at weanling age), salt-sensitive hypertensive rats unlikely to develop cataracts and control salt-resistant rats were studied at the age of 16 weeks. Total and ouabain-insensitive lens 86Rb uptake were measured for the determination of ouabain-sensitive uptake, an index of Na+,K+-ATPase activity. Lens oaubain-sensitive 86Rb uptake was low in adult hypertensive cataract-prone salt-sensitive rats before cataract formation compared with values in control resistant rats. Intermediate values were observed in hypertensive salt-sensitive rats unlikely to develop cataracts. These data suggest that altered ion transport may play a pivotal role in cataractogenesis associated with this model of hypertension. The data are also consistent with the concept of a generalized defect in epithelial ion transport, at least in salt-sensitive hypertension.
The Electronic Nose in Respiratory Medicine

Several volatile organic compounds have been identified in exhaled breath in healthy subjects and patients with respiratory diseases by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Identification of selective patterns of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath could be used as a biomarker of inflammatory lung diseases. An electronic nose (e-nose) is an artificial sensor system that generally consists of an array of chemical sensors for detection of volatile organic compound profiles (breathprints) and an algorithm for pattern recognition. E-noses are handheld, portable devices that provide immediate results. E-noses discriminate between patients with respiratory disease, including asthma, COPD and lung cancer, and healthy control subjects, and also among patients with different respiratory diseases. E-nose breathprints are associated with airway inflammation activity. In combination with other ‘omics’ platforms, e-nose technology might contribute to the identification of new surrogate markers of pulmonary inflammation and subphenotypes of patients with respiratory diseases, provide a molecular basis to a personalized pharmacological treatment, and facilitate the development of new drugs.
Phase-modification for improving efficiency of audio coders

This paper proposes phase-modification (PM) method to improve the efficiency of audio coders employing an orthogonal transform. The PM acts as a preprocessing of the transform and an amount of phase to be modified can be determined by closed-loop manner. Phase-shift (PS) and partial phase-shift (PPS) methods are also described for practical implementation of proposed PM method. Performance of the PM, PS, and PPS DCT and MDCT are better than the original transform over typical audio signals in terms of transform gain.
A HISTORY OF ENGLISH PUBLIC HEALTH

THIS is the first, large history of the development of the Public Health Services in England in the nineteenth century. There have in the past been numerous small studies, mostly prepared for lectures and several lighter general surveys of the subject, but until now no one has attempted to present a proper coordinated study. The work involved must have been immense, and it is fortunate indeed that Professor Frazer, whose experience and gifts render him so suitable a person, has found time to make such a thorough study. It will be of immense value, not only to students of public health, but to all social historians of the period. Perhaps the only criticism which occurs to the reviewer is that the material selected for study and the deductions drawn from it are so eminently conventional. Perhaps in an endeavour to be fair in all respects the author has not allowed his own opinions to appear sufficiently often. The reader will, for example, search in vain for clues-as to the reasons for the failure of the existing public health services to survive unscathed the impact of the changes of the last twenty years. Perhaps one clue can be read between the lines; how few names of medical officers of health mentioned as contributors to new knowledge appear in the latter half of the book. Such criticism, which is, after all, but opinion, cannot detract from the great merits of this book-its accuracy, its collection of information never before assembled, and its pleasant, clear presentation.
Ischemia‐induced ribosomal protein S3 expressional changes and the neuroprotective effect against experimental cerebral ischemic damage

Some ribosomal proteins are important regulators of development and DNA repair. However, few studies have been conducted on ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3) in the ischemic hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated ischemia‐induced changes in rpS3 immunoreactivity, rpS3 mRNA, and protein levels in the hippocampal CA1 region of Mongolian gerbil after 5 min of transient forebrain ischemia. RpS3 immunoreactivity and its protein level were found to be significantly elevated at 6 hr after ischemia/reperfusion and then continuously decreased with time. RT‐PCR analysis also showed that rpS3 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in CA1 at 6 hr after transient ischemia. In addition, during the course of this study, we developed a delivery vector (Pep‐1) and its rpS3 fusion protein (Pep‐1–rpS3) to elucidate the role of rpS3 in ischemia‐induced damage. Pep‐1–rpS3 administration to ischemic animals significantly and dose dependently increased neuronal survival in the stratum pyramidale of CA1. Moreover, Pep‐1–rpS3 treatment reduced terminal deoxynucleotidyl dUTP nick‐end labeling‐positive CA1 pyramidal cell numbers in the stratum pyramidale. To elucidate how Pep‐1–rpS3 ameliorates ischemic damage, changes in 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonnenal (HNE; an indicator of lipid peroxidation) immunoreactivity and protein levels were investigated. HNE levels and immunoreactivities in Pep‐1–rpS3‐treated ischemic animals were lower than in corresponding Pep‐1‐treated ischemic animals. These results indicate that rpS3 has a neuroprotective effect in the brain exposed to ischemia. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PDE8A runs interference to limit PKA inhibition of Raf-1

Myriad extracellular and intracellular signals constantly poke or prod cells in order to influence the vast number of functions required of cells to maintain homeostasis. Selective reception of these signals and of their subsequent translation and transduction are tasks coordinated by cellular signal-transduction systems. Two of these systems, the Ras/Raf/MEK (mitogen-activated ERK-kinase)/ERK cascade and the cAMP/PKA signaling system, each regulate numerous cellular functions and their influences on these continue to be the subject of intense study (1). Interestingly, research confirms that rather than functioning in mutually independent “tracks,” the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK cascade and the cAMP/PKA system often interact and numerous reports document where activation of cAMP/PKA signaling either amplified or antagonized Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK-mediated events, both in physiological settings as well as in pathologies, including cancers (1, 2). Although numerous points of intersection between these systems have been described (1, 2), one critical point of interplay involves an inhibitory PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Raf-1 (V-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1, also known as C-Raf) at S259. Raf-1 is one of the three known MEK kinases, along with A-Raf and B-Raf, which can stimulate MEK-catalyzed ERK phosphorylation in this cascade. In PNAS, Brown et al., (3) provide mechanistic insights into the manner by which PKA-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of Raf-1 is regulated in cells, and they highlight a role for localized hydrolysis of cAMP in this important process.
The binary fraction of planetary nebula central stars I. A high-precision, I-band excess search

We still do not know what causes aspherical planetary nebula (PN) morphologies. A plausible hypothesis is that they are due to the presence of a close stellar or substellar companion. So far, only ∼40 binary central stars of PN have been detected, almost all of them with such short periods that their binarity is revealed by photometric variability. Here we have endeavoured to discover binary central stars at any separation, thus determining the unbiased binary fraction of central stars of PN. This number, when compared to the binary fraction of the presumed parent population, can give a first handle on the origin of PN. By detecting the central stars in the I band we have searched for cool companions. We have found that 30 per cent of our sample have an I-band excess detected between 1 and a few σ , possibly denoting companions brighter than M3–4V and with separations smaller than ∼1000 au. By accounting for the undetectable companions, we determine a debiased binary fraction of 67–78 per cent for all companions at all separations. We compare this number to a main-sequence binary fraction of (50 ± 4) per cent determined for spectral types F6V–G2V, appropriate if the progenitors of today’s PN central star population are indeed the F6V–G2V stars. The error on our estimate cannot be constrained tightly, but we determine it to be between 10 and 30 per cent. We conclude that the central star binary fraction may be larger than expected from the putative parent population. However, this result is based on a sample of 27 bona fide central stars and should be considered preliminary. The success of the I-band method rests critically on high-precision photometry and a reasonably large sample. From a similar analysis, using the more sensitive J band of a subset of 11 central stars, the binary fraction is 54 per cent for companions brighter than ∼M5–6V and with separations smaller than about 900 au. Debiasing this number in the same way as was done for the I band we obtain a binary fraction of 100–107 per cent. The two numbers should be the same and the discrepancy is likely due to small-number statistics. Finally, we note how the previously derived short-period PN binary fraction of 15–20 per cent is far larger than expected based on the main-sequence binary fraction and period distribution. As a byproduct of our analysis we present an accurately vetted compilation of observed main-sequence star magnitudes, colours and masses, which can serve as a reference for future studies. We also present synthetic colours of hot stars as a function of temperature (20–170 kK) and gravity (log g = 6–8) for Solar and PG1159 compositions.
Expert systems and home-based telehealth: Exploring a role for MCRDR in enhancing diagnostics

Home-based telehealth services hold significant potential for integrating patient biological sensor data to support health management. At the same time, the deployment of telehealth into the home highlights the need for improved ways to collate, classify and dynamically interpret data safely and effectively. In relation to individual patients questions are posed as to how to most effectively communicate this data to them to support optimal health behaviour. For clinicians working at a distance, the huge amounts of data generated on all their home-based patients pose questions on how best to intelligently filter, analyse and interpret this data to make diagnoses and respond to changes in patient conditions. The paper reviews previous research work on expert systems in healthcare, in particular reviewing the capabilities of the expert system maintenance technology, Multiple Classification Ripple Down Rules, in healthcare. The paper also describes a home-based telehealth device, called MediStation that is being deployed in Korean homes to consider how MCRDR could enhance the decision-making for this device.
Two-Dimensional Gravitactic Bioconvection in a Protozoan (Tetrahymena pyriformis) Culture

Gravitactic bioconvective patterns created by Tetrahymena pyriformis in a Hele-Shaw apparatus were realized and compared with theoretical results. There were found to be two thresholds for bio-convection development: the first indicates the transition from the diffusion to the steady convection state; the second corresponds to the transition from the steady to the unsteady convection state. The results showed that the Hele-Shaw apparatus may be used as a physical analogy of porous media to study 2D bioconvection, with possible extensions to larger scale biological systems where population growth and distribution are driven by similar bio-physical interactions.
Interaction of S-SCAM with neural plakophilin-related Armadillo-repeat protein/delta-catenin.

Synaptic scaffolding molecule (S-SCAM) is a multiple PDZ domain-containing protein, which interacts with neuroligin, a cell adhesion molecule, and the NMDA receptor. In this study, we searched for S-SCAM-interacting proteins and obtained a neuralplakophilin-related armadillo-repeat protein (NPRAP)/delta-catenin. NPRAP/delta-catenin bound to the last PDZ domain of S-SCAM via its carboxyl-terminus in three different cell-free assay systems, was coimmunoprecipitated with S-SCAM from rat crude synaptosomes, and was localized at the excitatory synapses in rat hippocampal neurons. NPRAP/delta-catenin may be implicated in the molecular organization of synaptic junctions through the interaction with S-SCAM.
Prediction the Loyal Student Using Decision Tree Algorithms

One of the most important challenges that higher education system facing today is Providing more effective, efficient and higher quality education service to students, and predicting the pattern of loyal students. Because the universities are trying to raise educational quality, Applying data mining in higher education helps the manager, lecturer, and students to make higher performance. The aim of research paper is to understand the external factors that may cause the student loyalty. By doing that, the university can identify students who have decided to continue studying, so it can invest on them, and thus increase its educational quality. One of the best ways to achieve this is by using valid management and processing of the students database. In this study, using dataset from the Private University and applying data mining techniques, classify master students based on input characteristics and finally the pattern of faithful students (students who have decided to continue studying)were extracted. Classified students are based on personal information of students, student academic status, type of their pervious university (private or state university), finances and occupation status, and educational status of their parents. To classify students, the rule generation process is based on the decision tree algorithms like C.5, CART and CHAID. The results showed that CART decision tree algorithm is the best predictor with 94% accuracy on evaluation sample.
Lebenslauf und sozio-ökonomische Lage im Alter: Die Rolle von Institutionen und Reformen des Wohlfahrtsstaates. Empirische Studien zur Mehrebenenperspektive

Die individuelle Lage im Alter resultiert aus einem Zusammenspiel von Entwicklungen und Entscheidungen im Lebenslauf mit den Institutionen und Regelungen des Wohlfahrtsstaates. Gegenwartig durchlaufen sowohl nationale Alterssicherungssysteme als auch individuelle Erwerbsbiografien in modernen Wohlfahrtsstaaten Wandlungs- und Reformprozesse. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit die sozio-okonomische Lage alterer Personen in Europa mit Fokus auf das Zusammenspiel von individuellem Lebensverlauf, insbesondere Erwerbsbiografie, und institutionellen Kontextbedingungen von Wohlfahrtsstaat und Rentensystem. Die Arbeit umfasst vier empirische Studien, die auf einem gemeinsamen theoretischen Erklarungsmodell basieren, sich jedoch in Konzeption und Methode unterscheiden. Zur Anwendung kommen Mehrebenanalysen, eine Langsschnittanalyse von zwei Landern sowie eine explorative Sequenzmusteranalyse. Das theoretische Modell bringt soziologische und sozialpolitische Erklarungsansatze der individuellen Lage im Alter anhand des Konzepts der ‚Lebenslaufpolitik‘ zusammen. Wahrend sich die individuellen Einflussfaktoren in allen Studien auf die Erwerbsbiografie beziehen, variieren die individuellen Ergebnisvariablen. In Kapitel zwei und drei steht die Einkommenslage (Armutsrisiko und Renteneinkommen), in Kapitel vier und funf die Arbeitsmarktlage (Erwerbsverlauf und Erwerbssituation am Ende der Karriere) im Mittelpunkt. Insgesamt verdeutlichen die Ergebnisse der Arbeit, dass die Wirkung von sozialpolitischen Instrumenten und Institutionen immer erst in Zusammenspiel mit den vorherrschenden Mustern individueller Lebensverlaufe deutlich wird. Zudem ist als ubergreifendes Ergebnis festzuhalten, dass mogliche negative Auswirkungen von destandardisierten Erwerbsbiografien auf die Lage im Alter durch aktive wohlfahrtsstaatliche Politik, insbesondere bezuglich der Gestaltung des Rentensystems und der Arbeitsmarktpolitik, ausgeglichen werden konnen.
Processing of the envelope glycoprotein gp160 in immunotoxin-resistant cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1

We describe the isolation and characterization of variant cell lines which are chronically infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and resistant to the action of immunotoxins directed against the HIV envelope protein. These variants all produce normal levels of HIV proteins, budding virions, and the envelope protein precursor gp160. Two of the variants, 10E and 11E, contain a mutation within the env gene which results in the production of a truncated precursor and altered processing and transport of the protein to the cell surface. Variants B9 and G4 are defective in gp160 cleavage and do not efficiently transport the envelope protein to the cell surface. There are no mutations in the expressed viruses of B9 and G4. These cell lines express higher levels of CD4 protein and mRNA than H9/NL4-3. Thus, 10E, 11E, B9, and G4 have escaped immunotoxin action by downmodulating the envelope protein from their cell surfaces. None of these variants produce infectious HIV. Two other immunotoxin-resistant variants, E9-3 and 41-17, produce normal levels of gp160, efficiently transport the cleaved and processed subunits to the cell surface, and secrete infectious HIV. These studies identify alterations in gp160 processing that underscore the importance of the relationship between HIV and the cell that it infects.
Furosemide inhibition of chloride transport in human red blood cells

The chloride self-exchange flux across the human red cell membrane is rapidly and reversibly inhibited by 10(-4) M furosemide, a potent chloruretic agent. Furosemide reduces the chloride flux at all chloride concentrations and increases the cellular chloride concentration at which the flux is half-maximum. Kinetic analysis of the flux measurements made at several furosemide and chloride concentrations yields a pattern of mixed inhibition with a dissociation constant for the inhibitor-transport mechanism complex of 5 X 10(-5) M. From this pattern of inhibition and other observations, including that the percent inhibition is independent of pH (range 5.6-8.9), we conclude that the anionic form of furosemide interacts primarily with the chloride transport mechanism at a site separate from both the transport site and the halide-reactive modifier site.