Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping plant strategy types using remote sensing

Aims The three-strategy (CSR) model proposed by Grime constitutes one of the most established systems for plant functional types. The primary strategies (competitive ability, adaptation to severe stress and adaptation to disturbance) relate to the productivity and level of disturbance at a given site. Accordingly, their change in space and time may serve as an illustration and measure of key processes such as succession, eutrophication and habitat shift. Here, we make use of the known links between the three primary strategies to traits with potential relevance for canopy reflectance, and test whether remote sensing is able to reproduce the spatial pattern of strategy types. Location A raised bog and minerotrophic fen complex, Murnauer Moos, Germany. Methods Field data on the distribution of plant strategies in sample plots were regressed against canopy reflectance using partial least squares regression. The resulting models were validated and applied to airborne hyperspectral imagery on a per pixel basis. The resulting local maps for each strategy type and their combined representation in an RGB colour composite were interpreted in terms of plant species composition and environmental constraints. Results All three primary strategy types could be mapped using remote sensing. Reflectance spectra related to competitive ability and adaptation to severe stress suggest that typical traits linked to these strategies exerted a direct influence. On the other hand, species with low cover values played a decisive role for the strength of the statistical relationship between reflectance and strategies. Because these species have a low impact on canopy reflectance, their contribution is better explained by their role as proxies for covarying variables such as the total cover of dead plant material. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the potential to detect community strategy type composition using hyperspectral remote sensing, providing direct insights into spatial ecological patterns. By illustrating the exposure to stress, competition and disturbance, the derived maps of functional traits are potentially useful for applications in nature management and for the monitoring of functional shifts in ecosystems. As a next step, they can be easily combined into maps of functional diversity. Upcoming satellites with higher spectral resolution will improve access to this kind of spatial information.
Feeding Techniques for Multilayer PCB Mmwave Array Antenna for UE

In this paper, two different feeding techniques for patch antenna placed on a multi-layer PCB build-up are studied. Antenna design target 5G n258 band. Despite the losses in the inner layers, the patch feeding based on aperture coupling has a radiation efficiency higher than 70%. A second design using via direct feeding show similar performance, given the same antenna’s height. An $4 \times4$ array has been simulated and fabricated. The experimental results agree well with simulated ones, providing a 13 dB realized gain and a scanning angle of 90° large.
Development of a Bangla Sense Annotated Corpus for Word Sense Disambiguation

Sense annotated corpus can be treated as an essential resource for lexicon development, morphological processing and also for evaluating the performance of a word sense disambiguation (WSD) system. In this paper, a Bangla sense annotated corpus is generated from a raw collection of Bangla text, where only the sentences which contain at least one Bangla ambiguous word are retrieved from the raw corpus. All individual word forms of the sentences stored in our Bangla sense annotated corpus are tagged with their corresponding root word forms and POS types and the detected ambiguous words in the sentences are also tagged with their actual senses. The developed Bangla sense annotated corpus initially contains 5028 Bangla sentences with proper annotation and the overall performance of our Bangla sense annotated corpus creation system is 86.95%. Index Terms – Bangla language processing, Sense annotated corpus, Lexicon, Word sense disambiguation, Ambiguous word.
Optimal Power Flow with conventional and non-conventional generating resources in modern grids considering environmental impacts

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a non-convex and highly constrained optimisation study which is used to find the most economical power export allocation from different generating resources. Policies to produce green electricity have led to the integration of non-conventional generating resources into the networks. However, non-conventional generators, like solar and wind, have intermittent power export due to their stochastic nature. This paper presents an OPF approach for modern grids integrated with conventional and non-conventional generating resources considering environmental impacts. Different loading and generation scenarios are considered for solving the probabilistic OPF using MATPOWER for an IEEE 30-bus transmission network. The results highlight the most economical mix of different generators thereby reducing the overall operational cost of the system.
The 3D φ-n-q Analysis of Partial Discharge Detection in Low Pressure Conditions

Modern aerospace applications are more reliant on electrical or electrically powered actuators for flight surfaces, the safety of power systems in aerospace applications are significantly concerned. Partial discharges at lower pressures are a concern in these power systems as which are working at high altitudes. This work represents experimental results and analyzing the partial discharge activity associated with an Ethylene-Tetraflourethylene (ETFE) insulated twisted pair samples over the pressure range of 1.0 bar to 0.11bar corresponding to an altitude of up to 15,000m. The φ-n-q techniques commonly applied to data from power systems at atmospheric pressure and above has been used to analyze the observed partial discharge parameters in low pressure conditions in this work. The results present an increase in the number of discharges occurring and the total charge transferred is observed as the voltage is increased at each pressure, and a 3 peak structure is observed in both the positive and negative half cycles at the higher voltage levels. Besides, the peaks are shifting to lower phase with either the increasing voltage or the decreasing pressure
Design and Application of Water-temperature Measurement and Control System for Solar Water-heating Engineering Device

Solar power is a typical source of green source and has a very near limitless supply. Not only having practical use now, but further study could lead to more potential. The solar energy water-heating technology is based upon energy conservation and the transformation of light into heat. Utilizing solar radiation power to constantly heat cold water, whilst storing it in hot water-saving tanks to benefit industries and daily life. In this paper, a measurement and control system water-temperature measurement and control system for solar water-heating engineering device based on programmable logic controller and industrial human-machine interface. First, S7-200 PLC is selected as the core controller, and Eview industrial touch-sensitive screen and Kingview monitoring software are used as the human-machine interface to design the hardware circuit. Second, the control program, Kingview monitoring interface and human-computer interaction interface of industrial touch-screen are compiled. The experimental results show that the scheme is reasonable and feasible, meets the design requirements, improves application performance and technical level of solar water-heating engineering device.
Expression and Function of the Mouse Collagen Receptor Glycoprotein VI Is Strictly Dependent on Its Association with the FcRγ Chain*

Platelet glycoprotein (GP) VI has been proposed as the major collagen receptor for activation of human platelets. Human GPVI belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is noncovalently associated with the FcRγ chain that is involved in signaling through the receptor. In mice, similar mechanisms seem to exist as platelets from FcRγ chain-deficient mice do not aggregate in response to collagen. However, the activating collagen receptor on mouse platelets has not been definitively identified. In the current study we examined the function and in vivo expression of GPVI in control and FcRγ chain-deficient mice with the first monoclonal antibody against GPVI (JAQ1). On wild type platelets, JAQ1 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen but not PMA or thrombin. Cross-linking of bound JAQ1, on the other hand, induced aggregation of wild type but not FcRγ chain-deficient platelets. JAQ1 stained platelets and megakaryocytes from wild type but not FcRγ chain-deficient mice. Furthermore, JAQ1 recognized GPVI (approximately 60 kDa) in immunoprecipitation and Western blot experiments with wild type but not FcRγ chain-deficient platelets. These results strongly suggest that GPVI is the collagen receptor responsible for platelet activation in mice and demonstrate that the association with the FcRγ chain is critical for its expression and function.
Ecology and environmental impact of Musculista senhousia (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mytilidae) in Tamaki Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract The introduced, mytilid bivalve Musculista senhousia (Asian date mussel) occurs on the east coast of New Zealand in the Auckland region. Eighteen sites were searched within the Tamaki Estuary: six had extensive mats of mussels and three contained small, isolated clumps. Core samples were taken monthly during 1994/95 from two of the mat‐forming populations. Densities reached 16 000 m−2 at Bucklands Beach and 5000 m−2 at Farm Cove. Both populations were dominated by a single cohort of mussels. Mussels grew to about 20 mm in 12 months, after which growth virtually ceased. Recruitment was sporadic into existing mats, but occurred adjacent to the monitored mat at Bucklands Beach in April 1995. The area occupied by the initial mussel bed at this site decreased by 60% over 1 year. Further core sampling revealed significantly fewer macrofaunal invertebrates under mussel mats compared to control samples taken from areas of beach without mussels. Infaunal bivalves were most adversely affected by M. senhous.
Idiosyncratic phenomenon of regeneration from cotyledons in the idiot fruit tree, Idiospermum australiense

Idiospermum australiense (Diels) S. T. Blake, is a rare species that produces very large diaspores (up to 225 g) comprising 2–6 cotyledons. Anecdotal evidence suggested that each cotyledon within the diaspore could develop an independent root/shoot axis in natural populations and under glasshouse conditions. To investigate this potential, 13 diaspores were collected. Six diaspores were kept intact and cotyledons in the remaining seven were separated, planted into soil and scored for germination. All shoots were allowed to grow for 12 weeks. To test for differences in growth response from seedlings emerging from intact diaspores and single cotyledons, plant height, shoot mass, stem mass, leaf mass and total leaf area were compared between groups using both absolute values and values standardized to initial reserve mass. To examine the effects of reserve mass in more detail, height to stem mass, leaf mass to stem mass and specific leaf area was also compared between groups. All intact cotyledons and 24 of the 27 single cotyledons produced a functional root/shoot system. Time to germination was not different between groups. Shoot mass, stem mass and leaf mass were significantly greater in intact diaspores than in single cotyledons, although no difference was found in any parameter when standardized to initial reserve mass. Shoots arising from individual cotyledons were significantly taller per gram initial weight, because of a significantly greater relationship between height and stem mass. Shoots arising from single cotyledons also had a significantly greater investment in leaf mass per unit stem mass, even though there was no difference in specific leaf area between groups. Thus, seedlings arising from individual cotyledons grew relatively taller and produced a greater area of leaf tissue relative to stem than those arising from intact diaspores.
Design of Temperature and Humidity Detection System for a Material Warehouse Based on GM

In view of the measurement and control of temperature and humidity in the material warehouse of a factory, the Internet of things scheme is adopted, ESP8266 chip is used to connect WiFi, temperature and humidity sensor DHT11 is used to collect temperature and humidity, the collected temperature and humidity data is connected to Baidu intelligent cloud server through MQTT protocol, and the collected temperature and humidity data is sent to WeChat and stored in cloud through topic subscription and release of Baidu intelligent cloud According to, and at the same time use gray prediction model to predict the temperature and humidity data of the warehouse, through the WeChat end, you can view the current and predicted temperature and humidity data of the warehouse. The design of the measurement and control system is convenient and effective for real-time detection and prediction of the temperature and humidity data of the material warehouse. The system has the advantages of small size, low deployment cost and so on.
Research on Multi-modal Music Emotion Classification Based on Audio and Lyirc

To solve the problem of low accuracy of emotion classification, this paper proposes a new multi-modal fusion emotion classification method based on audio and lyrics. Firstly, Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient, spectrum centroid and frequency-band energy distribution are used as feature data in audio, and LSTM in deep learning is applied to music emotion classification; In terms of lyrics, the Bert model is used to classify the lyrics, and the sentiment dictionary is used to perform LFSM-based equalization on the lyrics emotion classification results. Finally, a new fusion method is proposed on the traditional fusion method. The experimental results show that the new fusion method has 5.77% and 4.03% improvement over the linear weighted multimodal fusion and LFSM fusion methods.
New Methodology and Instrumental System for Floating Structures Monitoring and Analysis

Floating structures are widely used in Marine Civil Engineering constructions, offshore and port operations. Safe operation of those structures requires sensing, monitoring and control systems able to deal not only with the physical parameters that affect to the system behaviour, but also with others parameters related to human interaction, since they are frequently manually operated. Any failure in these operations has a very high economic impact, so detailed previous studies and simulations are needed. In this paper, it has been developed a new methodology and an instrumental system for floating structures response analysis, scalable for field and laboratory. This new approach conjugates control, monitoring and wireless communication systems in a real time basis, offering the possibility to register and simulate all the parameters involved in operations with floating structures, including human interaction. The system developed is modular. An actual implementation of the system and positive results of the tests conducted are shown.
Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle Based on Wavelet Neural Network

Three phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is a typical nonlinear, strong coupling, multi-input and multi-output system. Aiming at the problem of system function degradation caused by motor parameter variation and load fluctuation in permanent magnet synchronous motor control system, an adaptive control algorithm based on wavelet neural network is adopted. The wavelet function is combined with the neural network, and the gradient descent algorithm is used to continuously train and optimize the network to realize the optimal prediction of the sudden change of the running state. The simulation results show that the algorithm has the characteristics of high control precision, strong adaptability, fast dynamic response and good robustness.
The effects of intra-ruminal infusions of volatile fatty acids on food intake of sheep

Abstract The effects of intra-ruminal infusions of varying dose rates of acetic and propionic acids on the food intake of sheep on high and low planes of nutrition were studied. As the dose rate of acetic acid was increased intake decreased and was significantly different from the control intake at a dose rate of 200 Cal. on both planes of nutrition. However, the depression of food intake was more pronounced on the low than the high plane of nutrition. Infusions of 200 Cal. of propionic acid caused a small increase of food intake on both planes of nutrition, while 300 Cal. caused a significant depression on the low plane of nutrition. Propionic acid infusions had a cumulative effect on the high plane of nutrition where both treatment and control intakes decreased as the dose rate of acid was increased. Butyric acid was not studied in detail but infusions of 400 Cal. were observed to depress food intake. The results are discussed in relation to the possible role of acetate as a “chemostatic” regulator of s.
Flexible Mixed-Criticality Task Scheduling and Energy Optimization

The concept of mixed-criticality systems has become increasingly common in embedded systems. In this paper, we improved the service level reduction method for low-criticality tasks in the flexible mixed-criticality (FMC) model. During operation, the service level of low-criticality tasks will be dynamically reduced, from fair distribution to equal-equity allocation, increasing the percentage of low-criticality tasks to be executed while guaranteeing the scheduling of mixed-criticality systems. At the same time, DVFS technology is introduced to dynamically adjust the system's operating rate based on the utilization of the tasks to optimize the energy consumption of the system.
Experimental Evaluation of Ecological Dominance in a Rocky Intertidal Algal Community

The mechanisms by which various species exert influence disproportionate to their abundance or mass on the structure of a lower intertidal algal community were evaluated experimentally. These functional roles were evaluated experimentally. These functional roles were evaluated by various controlled manipulations at seven stations along the Washington coastline ranked according to an exposure/desiccation gradient. The algae were divided into three categories: canopy species, which grow above the other species and apparently succeed in competitively dominating the light resources as demonstrated by algal blooms following their removal; obligate understory species, which die after the canopy species are removed; and fugitive species, which are quick to colonize new space. Ecological dominance was exerted in areas of moderate wave exposure by Hedophyllum sessile, which competitively displaces a large number of fugitive algal species and which furnishes a protected habitat for many obligate understory algae that die or defoliate after the removal of Hedophyllum. Hedophyllum loses this dominance in the most exposed areas, although such sites apparently represent its physiologically optimal habitat, because in these areas it is out—competed by Laminaria setchellii and Lessoniopsis littoralis. In these wave exposed habitats Lessoniopsis was demonstrated to exert a strong competitive dominance over all the other species in the association. The molluscan herbivores were not observed to express any measurable effects on the recruitment or survival of the algae. However, the echinoid Strongylocentrotus purpuratus often overexploits its prey and has a pronounced influence on most of the algal species. In this respect S. purpuratus enjoys an important community role singular among the many herbivores. Similarly, Pycnopodia helianthoides and Anthopleura xanthogrammica are disproportionately important carnivores, because their predation on Strongylocentrotus, clearing large areas of urchins, results in patches in which algal succession follows. The rate of algal succession following removal of the dominant algal species or of Strongylocentrotus is proportional to the degree of wave exposure. The Hedophyllum canopy recovery at the Eagle Point area of San Juan Island, a site exposed to relatively little wave action and thus high levels of desiccation, was relatively slow, with only 10%—26% cover reestablished after 3 yr. In contrast, Hedophyllum canopy developed up to 66% cover in only 1 yr in the exposed area of Waadah Island; it then quickly lost its dominance to Laminaria and Lessoniopsis. Algal succession in deeper Portage Head tidepools was found to be relatively slow with no clear dominance expressed after 5 yr.
A New Design Concept for Broadband Bull’s Eye Antennas

In this paper, a planar corrugated antenna (Bull’s Eye) for operation at low THz frequencies is proposed. This antenna illuminates via an open-ended waveguide aperture with a very promising matching performance and high gain radiation. A further modification of the typical Bull’s Eye antenna is proposed here, which utilizes the combination of unit cells with different depths. This results to an extraordinary enhancement of the gain-bandwidth region, with achieved realized gain of 20.6 dB at 296 GHz and 3-dB bandwidth of 8.78 %. A prototype of this novel antenna has been fabricated via CNC milling.
Low-Rate Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring Based on Graph Signal Processing

Thanks to the large-scale smart meters deployments around the world, non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NILM) is receiving popularity. It aims to disaggregate the total electricity load of a home into individual appliances without resorting to any specific appliance power monitors. NILM is worthy of broad attention owing to its facilitation in energy savings. This paper regards NILM as a classification task and proposes a two-step method based on graph signal processing (GSP). In the first step, a smoothest solution is obtained by minimizing the regularization term. In the second step, gradient projection method, which uses the obtained minimizer as a start point, is adopted to optimize the while objective function, where NILM is regarded as a constrained nonlinear programming problem. The experiment results based on the open-access data set REDD clearly demonstrate that the proposed GSP-based method achieves improved performance compared with other state-of-the-art low-rate NILM approaches.
Depth-L Nyquist (M) Filters and Biorthogonal Partners

In the past, Nyquist filters have been studied by many researchers. A pair of filters are said to be biorthogonal partners of each other if their cascade forms a Nyquist filter. The theory and design of traditional biorthogonal partners have been studied extensively. In this paper, we extend these results to depth-L Nyquist filters and biorthogonal partners. Two potential applications of them are discussed in fractionally spaced equalizer (FSE) and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) systems. Moreover, the necessary and sufficient condition is derived for the existence of an finite impulse response (FIR) depth-L biorthogonal partner. We find out that the existence depends on the cardinality of the largest so-called congruous-zero set. In addition, we will show how to design these filters by using the eigenfilter method. Finally, performance comparisons are carried out to demonstrate the advantage of depth-L biorthogonal partners. It is shown that the depth-L version is more robust against inter-symbol interference (ISI) and timing synchronization error compared to the traditional biorthogonal partner.