Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tumor and Stem Cell Biology MYC Activates Stem-like Cell Potential in Hepatocarcinoma by a p 53-Dependent Mechanism

Activation of c-MYC is an oncogenic hallmark of many cancers, including liver cancer, and is associated with a variety of adverse prognostic characteristics. Despite a causative role during malignant transformation and progression in hepatocarcinogenesis, consequences of c-MYC activation for the biology of hepatic cancer stem cells (CSC) are undefined. Here, distinct levels of c-MYC overexpression were established by using two dosedependent tetracycline-inducible systems in four hepatoma cell lines with different p53 mutational status. The CSCswere evaluated using side population (SP) approach aswell as standard in vitro and in vivo assays. Functional repression of p53 was achieved by lentiviral shRNA transduction. The results show that c-MYC expression levels have a differential impact on liver CSC characteristics. At low levels, c-MYC activation led to increased proliferation and enhanced CSC properties including activation of reprogramming transcription factors and CSC marker expression (e.g., NANOG, OCT4, and EpCAM), expansion of SP, and acceleration of tumor growth upon subcutaneous transplantation into immunocompromisedmice. However, when exceeding a threshold level, c-MYC induced a proapoptotic program and loss of CSC potential both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, cMYC–induced self-renewal capacity of liver cancer cells was exerted in a p53-dependent manner. Low c-MYC activation increased spheroid formation in p53-deficient tumor cells, whereas p53-dependent effects were blunted in the absence of c-MYC overexpression. Together, our results confirm the role of c-MYC as a master regulator during hepatocarcinogenesis and establish a new gatekeeper role for p53 in repressing c-MYC–induced CSC phenotype in liver cancer cells. Cancer Res; 74(20); 5903–13. 2014 AACR.
Desarrollos del transporte aéreo al comienzo del nuevo milenio: el papel de los transportistas de bajo coste

El final del siglo XX represento para el transporte aereo en el mundo la llegada de los movimientos liberalizadores y la formacion de los denominados transportistas globales. Los esquemas de operacion bajo estrictas condiciones de regulacion fueron superados en la mayoria de los mercados. Se buscaba promover la competencia, y con ello beneficiar a los consumidores que habrian de observar caidas de tarifas y mejoras en la calidad del servicio. En Europa el movimiento liberalizador llega en los anos 90 de la mano de la Comision Europea. Las companias de bandera europeas, en la mayoria de los casos empresas publicas y altamente subsidiadas, tuvieron que adaptarse al nuevo entorno. La adaptacion fue paulatina, al ritmo de la implementacion de los tres paquetes de legislacion europeos, que establecian la nueva normativa. En este proceso de adaptacion las lineas aereas europeas disponian de una ventaja. Contaban con la experiencia previa de las companias estadounidenses, que antes que ellas ya habian pasado por una experiencia similar.
Mining Generalized Association Rules Using Prutax and Hierarchical Bitmap Index

Association rules are among the most popular and widely used data mining techniques. Often, associations are sought between items forming a taxonomy. Patterns discovered between items from different levels of a taxonomy provide aggregated view over the data and allow to discover trends and regularities that are not apparent in the raw transactional data. Generalized association rule mining, i.e. mining in presence of a taxonomy of items, is an important augmentation to the original association rule mining framework. Unfortunately, currently available algorithms do not allow to efficiently discover generalized association rules. In this paper we present the state-of-the-art in generalized association rule mining. We describe the hierarchical bitmap index, an efficient physical structure optimized for set processing. Next, we modify the Prutax algorithm by incorporating the hierarchical bitmap index as the crucial internal structure, resulting in the advent of the PrutaxHBI algorithm. An experimental evaluation and comparison of the proposed solution with currently available algorithms clearly shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms current algorithms under all circumstances.
Reinvestigation of the low-temperature form of Ag2Se (naumannite) based on single-crystal data

The crystal structure of the low-temperature form of synthetic naumannite [disilver(I) selenide], Ag2Se, has been reinvestigated based on single-crystal data. In comparison with previous powder diffraction studies, anisotropic displacement parameters are additionally reported. The structure is composed of Se layers and two crystallographically independent Ag atoms. One Ag atom lies close to the Se layer and is surrounded by four Se atoms in a distorted tetrahedral coordination, while the second Ag atom lies between the Se layers and exhibits a [3 + 1] coordination defined by three close Se atoms, forming a trigonal plane, and one remote Se atom.
The Asymptotic Optimality of a Bearings-only Tracking Filter with a High Rate of Noisy Measurement

An asymptotic form of a previously introduced discrete-time tracking filter, known as the shifted Rayleigh filter (Clark et al., 2005), is shown to have desirable asymptotic properties as the measurement rate is increased while the `information content' of the measurements in any fixed period is held constant. In particular, a range of asymptotic filters, indexed by the sampling interval, produce estimates that are asymptotically optimal. The measurement and conditional distribution processes associated with these filters, when suitably modified, converge in distribution to the corresponding processes of an idealized continuous-time filter, which has the structure of a Kalman-Bucy filter
Initial closed reduction of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation injuries.

STANDARDS There is insufficient evidence to support treatment standards. GUIDELINES There is insufficient evidence to support treatment guidelines. Early closed reduction of cervical spine fracture-dislocation injuries with craniocervical traction is recommended to restore anatomic alignment of the cervical spine in awake patients. Closed reduction in patients with an additional rostral injury is not recommended. Patients with cervical spine fracture-dislocation injuries who cannot be examined during attempted closed reduction, or before open posterior reduction, should undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before attempted reduction. The presence of a significant disc herniation in this setting is a relative indication for a ventral decompression before reduction. MRI study of patients who fail attempts at closed reduction is recommended. Prereduction MRI performed in patients with cervical fracture dislocation injury will demonstrate disrupted or herniated intervertebral discs in one-third to one-half of patients with facet subluxation. These findings do not seem to significantly influence outcome after closed reduction in awake patients; therefore, the usefulness of prereduction MRI in this circumstance is uncertain.
Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care services in Ibadan, Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Antenatal care utilization is still low in Nigeria. This underutilization varies from region to region and from state to state. This study assesses the factors that determine the utilization of antenatal care service in Ibadan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two randomly selected local government council area in Ibadan. A pretested questionnaire was administered to 400 women. Information was obtained from the women on their attendance at antenatal clinic and the reasons for not attending the antenatal clinics RESULTS: Majority (76.8%) of the respondents attended ANC clinic. Women in urban areas were more than 2 times likely to attend antenatal clinic than women in urban areas [(OR=2.177, 95% CI, 1.081-4.382)]. Women who were Muslims or other religions were more than 2 times likely to attend ANC clinic than women who were Christians [(OR=2.398, 95% CI, 1.264-4.557)]. Also, Women who were 25 years and older were more than 2 times more likely to utilize antenatal than women who were 25 years or younger [(OR=2.236, 95% CI,1.106-4.107]. CONCLUSION: Efforts towards ensuring the utilization should be targeted towards rural areas, the importance of modern antenatal care should be emphasized even in the religious settings and younger women should be encouraged to utilize antenatal care services. Key words: maternal health services, antenatal care, utilization
the influence of autologous lymphokine‐activated killer cell infusions on the toxicity and antitumor effect of repetitive cycles of interleukin‐2

Twenty patients with refractory malignancies were treated with a protocol evaluating the addition of ex vivo‐activated autologous lymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) cells to a clinically tolerable interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) regimen (four weekly cycles of human recombinant IL‐2 at 3 × 106 U/m2/day by continuous infusion for 4 days/week). Sixteen patients completed their induction month of therapy, two had a partial response, six had stable disease, and eight had progressive disease. Four patients had clinical toxicity preventing completion of the induction month of therapy, and one of these patients died during therapy. Significant clinical toxities included decreased performance status, weight gain, catheter‐related thromboses, infectious complications, fever, hypotension, and dyspnea or hypoxemia requiring oxygen. Thus, the addition of LAK cell infusions to this IL‐2 regimen did not cause a noticeable change in antitumor response rate but did cause more severe toxicity.
Analysis of Line Rush Current in Short Commutation for SHAPF

The current-source nonlinear load is normally composed of the thyristor or diode rectifier, but the process of the short commutation will cause the line rush current for the SHAPF. In order to solve this problem, a rush current inductor and rectifier, and a series-in SHAPF are proposed to suppress the line rush current in the paper. The simulation and experiment results verify their validity.
The self-regulatory model in women with rheumatoid arthritis: relationships between illness representations, coping strategies, and illness outcome.

OBJECTIVES The self-regulatory model proposes that an individual's cognitive representations of illness threat (illness representations) influence the selection and performance of strategies to cope with that illness (Leventhal, Meyer, & Nerenz, 1980). Also implicit in the model is the proposal that such coping strategies influence illness outcomes. These relationships represent a mediational model (Baron & Kenny, 1986). The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that coping strategies partially mediate the relationship between illness representations and illness outcome in women with rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN AND METHODS The study is an observational cross-sectional design. Self-report measures of illness representations, coping strategies, and illness outcome were collected from 125 women with rheumatoid arthritis attending rheumatology outpatient clinics. Clinical measures of disease activity and severity were obtained from hospital records. RESULTS Avoidant and resigned coping were found to partially mediate the relationship between symptom identity and the illness outcome measures of disability and psychiatric morbidity. As in other studies, strong relationships were found between illness representations and illness outcome. CONCLUSIONS The finding that avoidant and resigned coping partially mediated the relationships between the illness representation dimension of symptom identity and two of the illness outcome measures (disability and psychiatric morbidity) provided some support for the hypothesis. However, the hypothesis was not fully supported, as coping did not partially mediate the relationship between any of the other illness representations and illness outcomes.
LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF MICE EXPOSED TO LOW LEVEL OF MERCURY

The effects of mercuric chloride (Hg) on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels in different organs of mice (CD-1) were evaluated. Mice were exposed (2 days/week) to 0.0 (control), 0.8 (low) and 8.0 (mid) and 80.0 (high) gHg/kg/day for 2 weeks. The high dose group was excluded from the study due to high mortality. LPO levels in kidney, testis and epididymus at low and mid doses; GR and GPx levels in testis at mid dose; SOD levels in brain and testis at both doses, liver and epididymus at mid dose; GSH levels in testis at both doses were significantly increased compared to their controls. However, the GR levels in kidney at both doses and in epididymus at mid dose; GPx levels in kidney and epididymus and SOD levels in kidney at both the doses; GSH levels in epididymus at mid dose were significantly decreased compared to their control. Body weight gain and food efficiency were significantly reduced (<0.05) in mid dose. These results indicated that Hg treatment enhanced LPO in all tissues, but showed significant enhancement only in kidney, testis and epididymus suggesting that these organs were more susceptible to Hg toxicity. The increase in antioxidant enzyme levels in testis could be a mechanism protecting the cells against reactive oxygen species.
Sequencing reliability growth tasks using multiattribute utility functions

In both hardware and software engineering, the reliability of systems improve over the Test, Analyse and Fix (TAAF) cycle as reliability tasks are performed and faults are designed out of the system. There are many possible tasks which could be carried out and a large numbers of sequences of these tasks possible. In this paper we consider the sequencing problem, taking into account the fact that the testing will be stopped once a reliability target is reached. We solve the problem by maximising the expectation of a two attribute utility function over cost and time on test. All marginal utilities are set to be risk averse. A reliability growth model based on the underlying engineering process is used. The method is illustrated with an example grounded in work with the aerospace industry.
Quantitative Decision-Making Model for Distribution System Restoration

Distribution system restoration is a process of finding backup feeders to restore the load in out-of-service zones by switching operations. A feasible restoration plan must satisfy some practical objectives under operational constraints. Since there may be a tradeoff between objectives, and decision preferences vary from one situation to another, how to evaluate and choose a suitable restoration plan under system emergency has become a real challenge in modern power system operation. Conventional approaches can find feasible restoration plans but fail to identify their relative performance as it is unable to make a quantitative comparison among them. In this paper, we propose a quantitative evaluation framework for ranking restoration plans with their performance indexes, using the analytical hierarchy process-based fuzzy-grey approach. Experimental results showed that the proposed method was effective and helpful in assisting operators during the restoration process.
Integration of Link and Semantic Relations for Information Recommendation

Information services on the Internet are being used as an important tool to facilitate discovery of the information that is of user interests. Many approaches have been proposed to discover the information on the Internet, while the search engines are the most common ones. However, most of the current approaches of information discovery can discover the keyword-matching information only but cannot recommend the most recent and relative information to users automatically. Sometimes users can give only a fuzzy keyword instead of an accurate one. Thus, some desired information would be ignored by the search engines. Moreover, the current search engines cannot discover the latent but logically relevant information or services for users. This paper measures the semantic-similarity and link-similarity between keywords. Based on that, it introduces the concept of similarity of web pages, and presents a method for information recommendation. The experimental evaluation and comparisons with the existing studies are finally performed.
Anterior cervical discectomy.

Anterior cervical discectomy is performed for a variety of reasons. The most common is a degenerative disease that induces an osteophyte or a herniated nucleus pulposus that then causes radiculopathy or myelopathy (1, 3). The operation is usually straightforward but has multiple pitfalls and nuances (2). This article presents the senior author’s (VKHS’s) surgical technique for anterior cervical discectomy. Once conservative treatment for cervical radiculopathy, myelopathy, or both, has failed, surgical intervention is indicated. Depending on the location of the compression, the amount of axial pain, and the lordosis of the cervical spine, an anterior or posterior approach is used. The anterior approach for a single-level discectomy is described below. In the operating room, the patient must not be hyperextended during intubation. Somatosensory evoked potentials are routinely monitored. The patient is placed supine with the neck slightly hyperextended. The head is not turned. The Caspar operating table attachment is used to help visualize the lower cervical spine on either plain radiographs or fluoroscopy. The Caspar table attachment also allows slight hyperextension of the neck. The neck bar is placed under the lower cervical and upper thoracic areas to avoid undue pressure on the cervical spine (Fig. 1).
Update on the management of idiopathic scoliosis

Purpose of review Idiopathic scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine greater than 10° for which there is no known cause. This paper reviews the current literature on the appropriate evaluation and treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Recent findings Improved technology and surgical techniques are allowing improved curve correction and improved quality of life for these patients. Specifically, the pedicle screw construct can provide excellent curve correction and stabilization for spinal deformities. Summary Idiopathic scoliosis is a diagnosis of exclusion and the approach to a patient with scoliosis should aim toward ruling out other possible causes. In those patients with scoliosis necessitating treatment, bracing should be the first line of treatment and these patients should be followed up closely to track curve progression. Patients who fail conservative management may undergo spinal fusion with pedicle screw instrumentation. Vigilant monitoring and thorough evaluation of scoliosis patients can steer patients toward appropriate management in a judicious manner preventing the significant medical morbidity and deformity that scoliosis can insidiously inflict.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—SURGERY: Surgical Technique to Maintain Penile Length After Insertion of an Inflatable Penile Prosthesis via Infrapubic Approach

Introduction The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the principal author's experience in maintaining penile length after implantation of a three‐piece inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP). For many patients with erectile dysfunction, who choose surgical treatment, loss of penile length after implantation of an IPP is a common concern. In the principal author's experience, release of the suspensory ligament during IPP implant surgery can maintain penile length, alleviating this concern.
Melanocytic nevi

© Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft u. a. • Journal compilation © Blackwell Verlag GmbH, Berlin • JDDG • 1610-0379/2011/0909 JDDG | 9 ̇2011 (Band 9) 1 Definition of melanocytic nevi Melanocytic nevi are benign tumors of melanocytes, a cell population with the specific function of pigment synthesis, located primarily in the skin, hair and eyes. Melanocytic nevi are by far the most common benign neoplasms of the skin in the white population. They usually occur multiply in adults. Congenital and acquired and among these common and atypical melanocytic nevi are differentiated. The number of melanocytic nevi is an indication of the risk of development of melanomas, and melanocytic nevi can be precursors of melanoma.
Flexural Properties of Halloysite Nanotubes-Polyester Nanocomposites Exposed to Aggressive Environment

This study aimed to investigate the effect of aggressive environment on the flexural properties of halloysite nanotubes-polyester nanocomposites. Results showed that the addition of halloysite nanotubes into polyester matrix was found to improve flexural properties of the nanocomposites in dry condition and after water-methanol exposure. Significant increase in surface roughness was also observed and measured by Alicona Infinite Focus optical microscope.
Transgenic mice engineered to target Cre/loxP‐mediated DNA recombination into catecholaminergic neurons

Summary: To introduce restricted DNA recombination events into catecholaminergic neurons using the Cre/loxP technology, we generated transgenic mice carrying the Cre recombinase gene driven by a 9 kb rat tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter. Immunohistochemistry performed on transgenic mouse brain sections revealed a high number of cells expressing Cre in areas where TH is normally expressed, including the olfactory bulb, hypothalamic and midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and the locus coeruleus. Double immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence indicated that colocalization of TH and Cre is greater than 80%. Cre expression was also found in TH‐positive amacrine neurons of the retina, chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, and sympathetic ganglia. We intercrossed TH‐Cre mice with the floxed reporter strain Z/AP and observed efficient Cre‐mediated recombination in all areas expressing TH, indicating that transgenic Cre is functional. Therefore, we have generated a valuable transgenic mouse strain to induce specific mutations of “floxed” genes in catecholaminergic neurons. genesis 36:196–202, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Insights into the complex influence of 5‐HT signaling on thalamocortical axonal system development

The topographic organization of the thalamocortical axons (TCAs) in the barrel field (BF) in the rodent primary somatosensory cortex results from a succession of temporally and spatially precise developmental events. Prenatally, growth and guidance mechanisms enable TCAs to navigate through the forebrain and reach the cortex. Postnatally, TCAs grow into the cortex, and the refinement of their terminal arborization pattern in layer IV creates barrel‐like structures. The combined results of studies performed over the past 20 years clearly show that serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT) signaling modulates these pre‐ and early postnatal developmental processes. In this context, 5‐HT signaling can purposely be described as ‘modulating’ rather than ‘controlling’ because developmental alterations of 5‐HT synthesis, uptake or degradation either have a dramatic, moderate or no effect at all on TCA pathway and BF formation. In this review we summarize and compare the outcomes of diverse pharmacological and genetic manipulations of 5‐HT signaling on TCA pathway and BF formation, in an attempt to understand these discrepancies.