Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Obituary : The nine lives of Richard D .

Richard D. Alexander, T.H. Hubbell Distinguished University Professor of Biology at the University of Michigan, Curator of Insects at the Museum of Zoology there, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a pioneer in the study of the evolutionary basis of human behavior, died on the 20th of August 2018 at age 88. Alexander is survived by his wife of 68 years Lorraine Kearnes Alexander; his brother Noel (Donna); his daughters Susan (Sarita) and Nancy; his grandchildren Morgan, Lydia, Lincoln, and Winona; and his great-grandson Ezekiel; several nieces and nephews; and “young” Tom Pyle who lived with Alexander's family for years while growing up (Fig. 1). Alexander's life is an iconic American success story. He rose from humble beginnings, having been born on November 18th, 1929 and raised on a small, single-family farm in rural Illinois, without electricity or indoor plumbing. Although his early schooling took place in a one room school house, and he had no thought of attending college, his good grades and keen intellect enabled him to attend Blackburn College and then Illinois State Normal University, obtaining his bachelor's degree in 1950. He served in the army during the Korean War, stationed at Fort Knox, then went on complete a PhD in Entomology at Ohio State University in 1956. As a graduate student he pioneered the use of new acoustic recording technology, developed in WWII, to study insect behavior, revolutionizing the study of acoustic communication and speciation in the process. In 1957, he was hired by the University of Michigan, where he spent his career. At Michigan Alexander became a national leader in evolutionary biology. His early career awards include the Newcomb Cleveland Prize (1961) from the American Association for the Advancement of Science for his paper “The role of behavioral study in cricket classification” and the Daniel Giraud Eliot medal (1971) from the National Academy of Sciences for “outstanding fundamental work on the systematics, evolution, and behavior of crickets. ” The “nine lives” in the title of this obituary does not refer to a particular fondness for cats on Alexander's part (in fact, he was partial to horses), or to some series of near death experiences (although he had some of those). Rather, it refers to the many different interests that Alexander pursued during his lifetime. Growing up, he worked as a farmer, rancher and horse trainer, activities he continued throughout his life. He was also a talented poet, songwriter, musician, and woodcarver. In addition to his professional scientific writings, he was a prolific author of many kinds of books, including children's stories, biographical texts and practical guides, especially on horse training (Fig. 2).
Content Analysis of Apps for Growth Monitoring and Growth Hormone Treatment: Systematic Search in the Android App Store

Background The use of mobile apps for health is growing. This rapid growth in the number of health apps can make it hard to assess their quality and features. The increased demand for and availability of mobile health apps highlights the importance of regular publication of reviews to identify potential areas of unmet needs and concern. The focus of this review is mobile apps for monitoring growth for health care professionals, caregivers, and patients. Monitoring growth as a part of healthy physical development is important across different periods of childhood and adolescence. Objective The goal of this content analysis is to map and understand the types of apps that currently exist that are related to growth monitoring and growth hormone treatment. Methods A semiautomated search was undertaken using the app search engine 42Matters, complemented by a manual search for growth apps using the web search tool of Google Play (Android App Store). Apps were rated on their relevance to growth monitoring and categorized by independent raters. Results In total, 76 apps were rated relevant to growth monitoring or growth hormone treatment. The level of agreement was measured for the semiautomated search and was very high (Κ=0.97). The target audience for 87% of the apps (66/76) was patients and relatives, followed by health care professionals (11%; 8/76) and both (3%; 2/76). Apps in the category “growth tracking tools for children and babies” were retrieved most often (46%; 35/76) followed by “general baby care apps” (32%; 24/76), “nonpharmacological solutions for growth” (12%; 9/76) and “growth hormone–related” (11%; 8/76). Overall, 19/76 apps (25%) tracked a precise location. Conclusions This study mapped the type of apps currently available for growth monitoring or growth hormone treatment that can be used as a foundation for more detailed evaluations of app quality. The popularity of care apps for children and growth monitoring apps should provide a great channel for potential intervention in childhood health in the future.
“Shopping Helper”: Automated Navigation Application for Easy Shopping

-Shopping for household items is a tedious task since different members of a family will have different needs. If each member decides to go for shopping individually, it might be inefficient and time consuming. Some might prefer going to a shopping mall to purchase all the items that they need but since technology like Global Positioning System (GPS) doesn’t work indoors accurately, people will find it difficult to navigate to the required store.Sometimes the user might find several items that fits the requirements and might have difficulties trying to choose between them. The purpose of this research is to overcome such issues and improve the overall experience of shopping with the use of an android application. This application wouldallow the users within a family to create and share a shopping list so that one member of the family could purchase items needed for the entire family.The application alsohelps the user to navigate to the store that sells those items within a shopping mall using Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons. Other functionalities of this application would be to be notified about the offers available at the stores based on the user as they enter a store and also to scan the barcodes of the items available and share reviews about those items. These reviews will be sorted using an algorithm so that others would find it easy when making purchasing decisions.
Online Distractions, Website Blockers, and Economic Productivity: A Randomized Field Experiment

As we shift increasing shares of personal and professional activities online, the Internet charges back into our lives with invitations, distractions, and interruptions that oﬀer respite, amusement, or relief, but also redirect focus, attention, and concentration. Online, opportunities for distraction are ubiquitous and, across our multiple digital devices, relentless. Some of them are externally-driven: a Twitter notiﬁcation suddenly appearing on a smartphone; an ad popping up on a website’s page. Some are internally-driven: the compulsion to refresh a social media page to catch the newest status updates from other people’s proﬁles; the seemingly uncontrollable desire to click on one more funny video. These digital distractions have arguably nuanced eﬀects on individuals. The respite they oﬀer from both hard and mundane tasks can oﬀer needed rest and boost psychological well-being; in so doing, distractions may positively impact an individual’s ability to complete other, primary, tasks. On the other hand, continuous online distractions can interfere with a person’s focus and mindfulness, causing discomfort and reducing an individual’s ability to achieve both personal and professional goals. As a result, in recent years, a number of online tools have emerged to help Internet users set “digital fences” to protect their time and digital space - from ad-blockers to apps that prevent access to distracting websites for certain periods of time. In this paper, we present the results of a randomized ﬁeld experiment designed
Replik auf den „Letter to Editor: Series of articles by T. Bertsch and G. Erbacher culminating in Lipoedema – myths and facts, Part 5: European Best Practice of Lipoedema – Summary of the European Lipoedema Forum Consensus“

The four previous articles in this series addressed the myths and facts surrounding lipoedema. We have shown that there is no scientific evidence at all for the key statements made about lipoedema – which are published time and time again. The main result of this “misunderstanding” of lipoedema is a therapeutic concept that misses the mark. The patient’s real problems are overlooked. The national and especially the international response to the series, which can be read in both German and English, has been immense and has exceeded all our expectations. The numerous reactions to our articles make it clear that in other countries, too, the fallacies regarding lipoedema have led to an increasing discrepancy between the experience of healthcare workers and the perspective of patients and self-help groups, based on misinformation mostly generated by the medical profession. Parts 1 to 4 in this series of articles on the myths surrounding lipoedema have made it clear that we have to radically change the view of lipoedema that has been held for decades. Changing our perspective means getting away from the idea of “oedema in lipoedema” – and hence away from the dogma that decongestion is absolutely necessary – and towards the * All authors share the first authorship. Originalarbeit 31 Bertsch T et al. Lipoedema – myths. Phlebologie 2020; 49: 31–49 T hi s do cu m en t w as d ow nl oa de d fo r pe rs on al u se o nl y. U na ut ho riz ed d is tr ib ut io n is s tr ic tly p ro hi bi te d. Published online: 2020-01-31
Tree Growth and Gas Exchange Response of Ficus benjamina ‘Evergreen’ Cultivated in Compacted and Remediated Urban Soils Under Water Deficit Conditions

Trees growing in the urban environment are often subject to a variety of edaphic stressors that can lead to premature decline. As a result, soil restoration methods are required. The scoop and dump (S&D) technique of soil remediation is the practice of incorporating large volumes of organic matter (33% v/v) into the soil profile. A controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine if S&D soils affected growth of Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina ‘Evergreen’) trees during establishment (fourteen weeks) and gas exchange during a twenty-six-day water deficit period. S&D soils displayed decreased mean bulk density, increased accumulative gravimetric water holding capacity, and increased mean organic matter compared to unamended soils. In the remediated soils, Ficus benjamina ‘Evergreen’ showed a significant increase in the growth of roots, shoots, and leaf area. The increased leaf area of trees in the S&D soils caused greater transpiration on a whole-plant basis. As a result, the increased water-holding capacity in S&D soils were utilized at a statistically equal rate as the trees in unamended soils. Trees growing in both soil treatments displayed statistically equal reductions in gas exchange during the water deficit period. This study finds that urban soils treated with the S&D technique significantly reduces root-limiting compaction and increases tree biomass growth.
Comparison of House Characteristics and Facilities In Libya and Indonesia

In most of our urban centers, the problem of housing is not only restricted to quantity but to the poor quality of available housing units. In Libya, the government failed to achieve the targets of housing demand in the country. On the hand, the condition of houses in Indonesia is partly similar as research shows. Currently, the house price in Indonesia is significantly increased. This paper was intended to compare the characteristics of Libyan houses and Indonesian houses, the problems and government efforts on copying the problems related to the housing in Libya and Indonesia. Therefore, the study was conducted in quantitative approach with as many as 121 Indonesian home owners and 109 Libyan home owners as the data sources who were asked to respond the questionnaires and interview to obtain their responses as the data. Photographs of real house condition in both countries were also used to describe the finding. The finding shows that materials of Indonesian houses are tile roof, bricks for walling and stone and concrete as the foundation, while the Libyan houses use concrete roof, brick walls, and concrete stone foundation. The facilities such as electricity, clean water, sewage and drainage system for the houses in both countries are in good condition. However, the drainage and sewage system in Libya are not really well maintained because the precipitation level is low. The labor in Libya is expensive as it is from other countries. However, in Indonesia the labor is in a standard price. Both country’ governments have activated some regulations and strengthening the rule for violence of house construction. The rules cover the facility regulation and punishment for breakers. They have been well implemented.
Preliminary Draft. Please Do Not Cite

Subchapter S corporations are flow-through entities that avoid double taxation of corporate profit and dividends. Given the features of pass-through taxation, S-corporation owners face incentives to pay out a higher proportion of income as dividends and not to accumulate retained earnings as equity, leading to higher leverage of the bank’s balance sheet. Consequently, electing the Scorporation status not only increases the after-tax income of owners but also changes the riskiness of investment, which may influence the risk-taking appetite of bank owners. The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 for the first time allowed financial institutions to elect the Subchapter S corporation status. Taking advantage of this change as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper examines how banks that elect the S-corporation status evolve vis-à-vis other corporate banks that remain C corporations. Using longitudinal data that cover the universe of all commercial banks and savings institutions insured by the FDIC, I estimate changes in bank growth, composition of income sources, and portfolio compositions after the conversion using the difference-in-differences method. Between 1997 and 1999, banks that elect the S corporation status become more leveraged. In response, they grow less aggressively in revenues and total assets while relying more heavily on interest income rather than more volatile fee incomes. With respect to portfolio compositions, S-corporation banks exhibit a higher loan-to-assets ratio and generally safer compositions of assets and liabilities. I also find strong negative relationship among S-corporation banks between the past leverage ratio and growth rates and portfolio compositions suggesting higher leverage leads to slower growth and safer asset compositions. In sum, S-corporation banks operate more conservatively and rely on traditional banking and maintain safer asset portfolios as the balance sheets become highly leveraged. The results indicate the importance of risk considerations in evaluating the effects of taxes on corporate capital structure. JEL Classification: H32, H25, G21, G35
Dominance , Submission and Love : Sexual Pathologies from an Ethological Perspective

Anything whichmight beof interest to ISHE members is welcome: society mallers. suggestions for Forum topics, Mini Communications. Current literature and mms, and material for the Bulletin Board such as announcements of meetings, sabbatical oportunities. employment opportunities. etc.• should be sent to the Editor. Suggestions for books to review. or reviews. should be sent to the nearest Book Review Editor dealing with the language concerned. A list of the book review editors is printed in collum inside the backpage. Submissions in ;my legible format are acceptable as long as these are in English. Floppy disks containing Wordperfect produced on an IBM-PC (compatible). or ASCII files can be processed as well and are in fact preferred. because they lower the production costs. New Vice-President
Effective School Practices Direct Instruction DI Successes Despite the Obstacles

awards recipients are amazing. Their stories, summarized by Amy Griffin in this issue, encourage us all to work harder to achieve what they have shown to be possible. It is gratifying to know that these phenomenal success stories are representative of a larger and ever growing body of successes across the nation. Through their stories, the recipients share what they have learned in their persistent efforts to implement DI with integrity.
Perceived Exertion is Lower in Running than Walking at the Same Heart Rate and Lactate Level

The purpose of this study was to examine perceived effort at various intensities in human walking and running. Fifteen male subjects participated in this study. Two progressive protocols were randomized, starting at a treadmill speed of 3 Metabolic Equivalents (METs) to Measure Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Heart Rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration. From these data, RPE was estimated at an intensity corresponding to Fixed Heart Rate (FHR; 120, 130, 140, 150 bpm) and Fixed Blood Lactate Concentrations (FBLCs; 2 and 3 mM) from the individual regression line. RPE in running was significantly lower than in walking at FHRs of 120, 130, 140 and 150 bpm (p < 0.01 for all). For blood lactate, RPE in running was significantly lower than in walking at FBLCs of 2 and 3 mM, (p < 0.05, 12.6 ± 1.7 vs. 14.0 ± 1.7 and 15.1 ± 1.4 vs. 16.9 ± 2.4, respectively). Running may be performed more easily than walking with the same physiological demand. Factors other than blood lactate concentration may affect the perception of exertion during walking.
Kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of chlorendic acid (flame retardant) in aqueous TiO2 suspension

Kinetics of the Photocatalytic degradation of chlorendic acid [1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)hept-5-ene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid], a flame retardant found in the environment, has been investigated in aqueous heterogeneous solutions using TiO2 (Degussa P-25) powder in the presence of artificial ultraviolet radiation and oxygen. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detector set at 221 nm was used to monitor the concentration of chlorendic acid during the degradation. The degradation kinetics followed a Langmiur-Hinshelwood type equation. The apparent photocatalytic rate constant k, was calculated as 12.0 ± 1.38 mg L -1 min -1 . The influence temperature and catalyst loading were studied. Results showed that initial degradation rates increased with reaction temperature. The optimal TiO2 concentration for the photocatalytic process was determined as of 2 g/L. Kinetic data on the degradation of persistent organic pollutants will assist in the design of efficient protocols for their removal from the environment.
Toward a New HDFS Functionalities Using a Probabilistic Distributed Algorithm

 Abstract —Distributed systems are computing systems where a number of components cooperate by communicating over a network. Few systems are still working in a stand-alone system where the user interface, persistent data and applications resided in one computer. However, the majority of nowadays systems are designed to work in distributed systems. Provide mechanisms for the storage and the manipulation of large amount of data is one of the largest technological challenges in software systems research today. Social media and web services produce an impressive amount of data daily. In this context, Hadoop Distributed file system (HDFS) is an open source software framework for distributed storage and processing of very large data (Big Data). In this paper we introduce new functionalities for Hadoop Distributed File System using probabilistic distributed algorithms, our proposition is working in both homogenous and heterogeneous HDFS nodes which can reduce the communication cost.
Lie Algebras of Hamiltonian Vector Fields and Symplectic Manifolds

We construct a local characteristic map to a symplectic manifold M via certain cohomology groups of Hamiltonian vector fields. For each p ∈M , the Leibniz cohomology of the Hamiltonian vector fields on R maps to the Leibniz cohomology of all Hamiltonian vector fields on M . For a particular extension gn of the symplectic Lie algebra, the Leibniz cohomology of gn is shown to be an exterior algebra on the canonical symplectic two-form. The Leibniz cohomology of this extension is then a direct summand of the Leibniz cohomology of all Hamiltonian vector fields on R . Mathematics Subject Classification: 17B56, 53D05, 17A32.
Information Content and Predictability of Extreme Prices in Financial Markets∗

Extreme prices are still unchartered territory. By defining extremes as maximum and minimum prices during a pre-specified time interval, this research sheds new light on when, how and why high and low prices occur. We investigate a representative asset for currency, stock and bond markets across different time granularities (hours, days and months). Some relevant stylised facts emerge. First, the occurrence of extreme price clusters at the beginning and end of the month. Their intraday timing, however, is less regular and more dependent on microstructure and behavioural issues. Second, extreme prices are sticky. Highs, lows and range are thus significantly auto-correlated and cross-correlated. Third, high and low prices are cointegrated. We find that pre-scheduled announcements of major macroeconomic news bulletins are a significant primitive source for extreme price occurrences. Using a vector autoregressive model with error correction, we provide evidence on the predictability of extreme prices.
Development and health among European older populat ions

Part of this study was conducted when Shoshana Neum an was staying at IZA (summer 2012 and summer 2013). She would like to thank the IZA for their ho spitality and excellent research facilities. Thanks are also due to Margard Ody, the IZA information manage r, for access to the many publications read for thi s study. Tzahi Neuman (MD) was involved in this study when h e was on a fellowship at the Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC) in Philadelphia, USA (2013/14). Teresa García-Muñoz would like to thank MICINN (ECO 2013-44879-R) and Junta de Andalucia (SEJ 1436) for financial support. We appreciate free access to the SHARE data base. T his paper uses data from wave 4 of SHARE (release
A PIECEWISE NONLINEAR CONTROL APPLIED TO VEHICULAR DYNAMICS

Abstract. Great part of the works in control theory applied to vehicle dynamics use linear models, valid in small regions of the domain of system parameters, representing part of the behavior of a complex vehicular system. To cover the domain more thoroughly, integrating the different local controllers, it is necessary to demonstrate that commutation among controllers keeps stability and other properties of interest of the controlled system. Another way is to obtain more complete and computationally feasible models, designing new and more complex control strategies, aiming at efficacy and reachability. The present work approximates both ways, searching for new controller comprising bigger valid domains. Using nonlinear models with better comprehension, it is possible to suggest the division of the domain of the system into distinct regions, designing a controller for each one of them – either by piecewise linearization, or piecewise nonlinear approximations, complemented in each region to deal with specific problems that may come up. Local controllers are then united to form a unique nonlinear controller, able to acting in different vehicle behaviors. The tests allow checking for stability maintenance and tracking of a desired trajectory.