Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low Health Literacy and Evaluation of Online Health Information: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Background Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in consumer online health information seeking. The quality of online health information, however, remains questionable. The issue of information evaluation has become a hot topic, leading to the development of guidelines and checklists to design high-quality online health information. However, little attention has been devoted to how consumers, in particular people with low health literacy, evaluate online health information. Objective The main aim of this study was to review existing evidence on the association between low health literacy and (1) people’s ability to evaluate online health information, (2) perceived quality of online health information, (3) trust in online health information, and (4) use of evaluation criteria for online health information. Methods Five academic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Communication and Mass-media Complete) were systematically searched. We included peer-reviewed publications investigating differences in the evaluation of online information between people with different health literacy levels. Results After abstract and full-text screening, 38 articles were included in the review. Only four studies investigated the specific role of low health literacy in the evaluation of online health information. The other studies examined the association between educational level or other skills-based proxies for health literacy, such as general literacy, and outcomes. Results indicate that low health literacy (and related skills) are negatively related to the ability to evaluate online health information and trust in online health information. Evidence on the association with perceived quality of online health information and use of evaluation criteria is inconclusive. Conclusions The findings indicate that low health literacy (and related skills) play a role in the evaluation of online health information. This topic is therefore worth more scholarly attention. Based on the results of this review, future research in this field should (1) specifically focus on health literacy, (2) devote more attention to the identification of the different criteria people use to evaluate online health information, (3) develop shared definitions and measures for the most commonly used outcomes in the field of evaluation of online health information, and (4) assess the relationship between the different evaluative dimensions and the role played by health literacy in shaping their interplay.
Who Does Private Equity Buy? Evidence on the Role of Private Equity From Buyouts of Divested Businesses

We examine the role of non-venture private equity firms in the market for divested assets, comparing targets bought by such firms to those bought by corporate acquirers. We argue that private equity firms are uniquely positioned to correct underinvestment problems in public corporations using high-powered incentives and better informed monitoring. We therefore predict that private equity firms will systematically target non-core divisions of public corporations, as well as divisions of corporations that have limited long-term investments and show evidence of governance problems. Results from a sample of 1676 divestments confirm these predictions. Our study contributes to a better understanding of private equity buyouts, highlighting the competitive advantage of private equity as an alternate governance form, and examining the choice of targets in divisional buyouts.
Can mutual fund managers predict security prices to beat the market?The case of Greece during the debt crisis

The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance of Greek equity mutual funds, elaborating on stock selection in parallel with market timing measures, in comparison with the performance of ETFs and index funds for the period 01/24/2008-05/12/2017, and the short-term performance persistence of actively managed funds for the period 05/12/2015-05/12/2017. Using all domestic equity mutual funds at our disposal and daily data, the authors apply multi-factor models to estimate risk-adjusted returns and to evaluate the selectivity and market timing ability of fund managers. In order to investigate short-term performance persistence, the coexistence of stock selection and market timing strategy is allowed and a battery of parametric and nonparametric tests is implemented. Results show that actively managed mutual funds underperformed the market index, as well as passively managed ETFs and index funds, primarily due to the managers’ inability to time the market. Furthermore, a winner-picking strategy to outperform a-buy-the-market-and hold policy is questioned.
Characterization of Regulated Converters to Ensure Stability and Performance in Distributed Power Supply Systems

The characterization of regulated converters is investigated in order to establish a set of dynamical parameters defining the interactions arising in the interconnected systems such as telecom distributed power supply (DPS) systems. The commercially available converters are usually vaguely specified in respect to those interactions. Provided information do not suffice for predicting the stability and performance. It is noticed that there are certain double reflections, which are not previously recognized but may increase the load sensitivity if not properly considered. The defined parameter set can be also used to design the converters to be more insensitive to different interactions
Customer satisfaction in communicating with reservation staffs of Thai Airways International

Purpose: The purpose of this research study is to investigate 1) the correlation between customer satisfaction and demographic data, 2) the correlation between the level of customer satisfaction towards THAI'S reservation staff and customer's attitude, and 3) the correlation between customer satisfaction and the communication behavior of THAI'S reservation staff. Subjects and Settings: One hundred fifty questionnaires were handed out to respondents at three locations in Los Angeles. The questionnaires were handed out at the THAI airport counter at Los Angeles International Airport, THAI'S main ticketing counter at the main office in Los Angeles, California, and the Thaitown area in Hollywood, California. One hundred fifty questionnaires were handed out, one hundred thirty nine questionnaires were returned but only one hundred twenty one surveys were completed. The sample population consisted of sixty-six (66%) males and fifty-five (55%) females. The sample population range in ages from seventeen to over fifty-six. This research study used questionnaires to collect data systematically. Participants were customers of THAI in the Los Angeles area and were randomly selected at
Pattern of medication errors among inpatients in a resource-limited hospital setting

Purpose of the study There are limited studies on medication errors in South Asian and South East Asian regions. To bridge this gap, we assessed prescribing errors and selected medicine administration errors among inpatients, and the level of acknowledgement of prescribing errors by specialist physicians in a resource-limited hospital setting. Study design The study was conducted in two medical wards of a hospital in Sri Lanka. Prescribing errors were identified among medicines prescribed in the latest prescription of randomly selected inpatients. Medical notes, medication histories and clinic notes were information sources. Consistency of medicine administration according to prescribing instructions was assessed by matching prescriptions with medicine charts. The level of acknowledgement of prescribing errors by specialist physicians of study wards was assessed by questionnaire. Results Prescriptions of 400 inpatients (2182 medicines) were analysed. There were 115 patients with at least one medication error. Among the 400 patients, 32.5% (n=130) were prescribing errors. The most frequent types of prescribing errors were ‘wrong frequency’ (10.3%, n=41), ‘prescribing duplications’ (10%, n=40), ‘prescribing unacceptable medicine combinations’ (6%, n=24) and ‘medicine omissions’ (4.3%, n=17). Medicine charts of 10 patients were inconsistent with prescribing instructions. Wrong medicine administration frequencies were common. The levels of acknowledgment of prescribing errors by the two specialist physicians were 75.5% and 90.9%, respectively. Conclusions Prescribing and medicine administration errors happen in resource-limited hospitals. Errors related to dosing regimen and failing to document medicines prescribed or administered to patients in their records were particularly high.
An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, a characteristic feature of old age.

From the *Institute for Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria; †‘‘Amt fur Gesundheit, Marktund Veterinarwesen’’ of the Township of Innsbruck, Austria; ‡Swiss Serum and Vaccine Institute, Berne, Switzerland Correspondence to: Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein, MD, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; E-mail: Beatrix.Grubeck@oeaw.ac. at Received 19 January 2000; accepted for publication 7 February 200
Identification of Earnings Management on The Company Listed on The Index LQ 45 in Indonesia Stock Exchange

Earnings management is a management action to maximize or minimize the portion of accruals in earnings. Management often perform earnings management for several reasons: first, because the use of the accrual basis of accounting. This is an opportunity for management to select accounting methods (Scott, 2006); Second, because of the asymmetry of information. In this case, management has greater information than the principal (Morris, 1987); Third, as regards the company as a nexus of contracts. It is based on the theory of agency that is the difference of interests between agents and principals. The action is related to earnings management bonus plans, debt covenants and political costs (Watts and Zimmerman, 1990). In this case, management has 2 related behavior of earnings management is opportunistic behavior and efficient behavior contract. The purpose of this study was to identify the trend of earnings management in companies incorporated in the BEI LQ45, and magnitude of earnings management by the management. The samples were incorporated in the LQ 45 from year 2004 to 2010 with a total samples 187 firm years. The results showed that the average value of EM 2004 = 4.01, EM 2005 = 0.15, EM 2006 = -0.24, EM 2007 = 0.54, EM 2008 = 0.87, EM 2009 = 0.51, EM 2010 = -2.52, and the total average EM = 0.89, these results showed no significant average EM conducted by management. The results also indicate the trend of EM that do not give the same direction from year to year. However, the average total EM has positive value. This finding supports previous research done by Cahan (1992), DeFond and Jiambalvo (1994), Sweeney (1994); Kusumawati and Sasongko (2005), and Dechow et. al. (2010), which provides empirical evidence regarding the identification of trends of earnings management in the form of maximizing or minimizing the reported earnings. Earnings management perspective used in this study do not lead to opportunistic perspective or not. However, this study illustrates the tendency of earnings management performed.
Ownership Structure and Organizational Performance: An Investigation of Food and Beverage Companies in Nigeria

This study examines the influence of ownership structure dimensions on organizational performance with specific reference to Nigerian Food and Beverage Companies. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for this study because Ex-post facto is a methodological verifiable investigation which cannot be manipulated. The population of this study consist of all the companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). The companies listed are classified into twelve industrial sectors, and each sector comprises of homogenous companies. The sample size of the study was selected based on Nigerian Stock Exchange classification of the listed companies into industrial stratum of homogeneous companies of same or similar characteristics, which the food and beverage industry forms a strata. Purposive sampling technique was used to select sixteen (16) listed food and beverage companies. The data collected for this study were extracted from the audited annual financial reports and accounts of the listed food and beverages companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2012-2016. Both Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regression techniques were employed to analyse the data. Result reveals that managerial ownership, institutional ownership, government ownership and family ownership have no significant influence on organizational performance. Result also indicates that foreign ownership has significant influence on organizational performance. Study concluded that foreign ownership structure is strong predictor of organizational performance, while, managerial ownership structure; government ownership structure and family ownership structure are weak predictors of organizational performance. Subsequently, study recommends that the policy that will encourage foreign direct investment in Nigeria should be aggressively pursued by government.
Social media adoption in local health departments nationwide.

OBJECTIVES We examined whether characteristics of local health departments (LHD) and their geographic region were associated with using Facebook and Twitter. We also examined the number of tweets per month for Twitter accounts as an indicator of social media use by LHDs. METHODS In 2012, we searched for Facebook and Twitter accounts for 2565 LHDs nationwide, and collected adoption date and number of connections for each account. Number of tweets sent indicated LHD use of social media. LHDs were classified as innovators, early adopters, or nonadopters. Characteristics of LHDs were compared across adoption categories, and we examined geographic characteristics, connections, and use. RESULTS Twenty-four percent of LHDs had Facebook, 8% had Twitter, and 7% had both. LHDs serving larger populations were more likely to be innovators, tweeted more often, and had more social media connections. Frequency of tweeting was not associated with adoption category. There were differences in adoption across geographic regions, with western states more likely to be innovators. Innovation was also higher in states where the state health department adopted social media. CONCLUSIONS Social media has the potential to aid LHDs in disseminating information across the public health system. More evidence is needed to develop best practices for this emerging tool.
Interdependence & Integration between Futures and Spot Market: Empirical Evidence in India

The objective of this paper is to study the co-integration technique is used to determine the existence of any such relation in the two markets during 20th Nov, 2009 and 31st Dec, 2014. The major findings of this study that Futures prices tend to influence spot prices or; spot prices tend to lead futures prices. Nifty Futures market leads the Nifty index cash market; a lead-lag relation can be traced during the mentioned time period. This paper indicates that the two markets have bidirectional causal relationship between spot and futures prices.
Intrauterine growth restriction perturbs nucleosome depletion at a growth hormone-responsive element in the mouse IGF-1 gene X

McKnight RA, Yost CC, Yu X, Wiedmeier JE, Callaway CW, Brown AS, Lane RH, Fung CM. Intrauterine growth restriction perturbs nucleosome depletion at a growth hormone-responsive element in the mouse IGF-1 gene. Physiol Genomics 47: 634–643, 2015. First published October 20, 2015; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00082. 2015. —Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common human pregnancy complication. IUGR offspring carry significant postnatal risk for early-onset metabolic syndrome, which is associated with persistent reduction in IGF-1 protein expression. We have previously shown that preadolescent IUGR male mice have decreased hepatic IGF-1 mRNA and circulating IGF-1 protein at postnatal day 21, the age when growth hormone (GH) normally upregulates hepatic IGF-1 expression. Here we studied nucleosome occupancy and CpG methylation at a putative growth hormone-responsive element in intron 2 (in2GHRE) of the hepatic IGF-1 gene in normal, sham-operated, and IUGR mice. Nucleosome occupancy and CpG methylation were determined in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in liver at postnatal days 14, 21, and 42. For CpG methylation, additional time points out to 2 yr were analyzed. We confirmed the putative mouse in2GHRE was GH-responsive, and in normal mice, a single nucleosome was displaced from the hepatic in2GHRE by postnatal day 21, which exposed two STAT5b DNA binding sites. Nucleosome displacement correlated with developmentally programmed CpG demethylation. Finally, IUGR significantly altered the nucleosome-depleted region (NDR) at the in2GHRE of IGF-1 on postnatal day 21, with either complete absence of the NDR or with a shifted NDR exposing only one of two STAT5b DNA binding sites. An NDR shift was also seen in offspring of shamoperated mothers. We conclude that prenatal insult such as IUGR or anesthesia/surgery could perturb the proper formation of a wellpositioned NDR at the mouse hepatic IGF-1 in2GHRE necessary for transitioning to an open chromatin state.
Indirect Effects of Field Management on Pollination Service and Seed Set in Hybrid Onion Seed Production

ABSTRACT Pollination in crops, as in native ecosystems, is a stepwise process that can be disrupted at any stage. Healthy pollinator populations are critical for adequate visitation, but pollination still might fail if crop management interferes with the attraction and retention of pollinators. Farmers must balance the direct benefits of applying insecticide and managing irrigation rates against their potential to indirectly interfere with the pollination process. We investigated these issues in hybrid onion seed production, where previous research has shown that high insecticide use reduces pollinator attraction. We conducted field surveys of soil moisture, nectar production, pollinator visitation, pollen—stigma interactions, and seed set at multiple commercial fields across 2 yr.We then examined how management actions, such as irrigation rate (approximated by soil moisture), or insecticide use could affect the pollination process. Onions produced maximum nectar at intermediate soil moisture, and high nectar production attracted more pollinators. Insecticide use weakly affected pollinator visitation, but when applied close to bloom reduced pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Ultimately, neither soil moisture nor insecticide use directly affected seed set, but the high correlation between pollinator visitation and seed set suggests that crop management will ultimately affect yields via indirect effects on the pollination process.
Hyperosmotic Stress in Murine Hybridoma Cells: Effects on Antibody Transcription, Translation, Posttranslational Processing, and the Cell Cycle

Mechanisms for increased antibody production in batch cultures of murine hybridoma cells in response to hyperosmotic stress were investigated. The rates of immunoglobulin transcription and protein translation and posttranslational processing were determined in control and hyperosmotic cultures. Changes in immunoglobulin transcription played a minor role in the increase in antibody production in response to hyperosmotic stress. In contrast, protein translation increased substantially in response to osmotic stress. However, the antibody translation rate remained relatively constant after correcting for the overall increase in protein translation. Cell size and intracellular antibody pool also increased in response to hyperosmolarity. The intracellular antibody pool increased proportionately with the increase in cell size, indicating that hyperosmotic cultures do not selectively increase their intracellular antibody population. Changes in cell cycle distribution in response to osmotic stress and the relationship between the cell cycle and antibody production were also evaluated. Hyperosmotic stress altered the cell cycle distribution, increasing the fraction of the cells in S‐phase. However, this change was uncorrelated with the increase in antibody production rate. Immunoglobulin degradation was relatively low (∼15%) and remained largely unchanged in response to hyperosmotic stress. There was no apparent increase in immunoglobulin stability as a result of osmotic stress. Antibody secretion rates increased approximately 50% in response to osmotic stress, with a commensurate increase in the antibody assembly rate. The rate of transit through the entire posttranslational processing apparatus increased, particularly for immunoglobulin light chains. The levels of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones did not increase as a fraction of the total cellular protein but were increased on a per cell basis as the result of an increase in total cellular protein. A difference in the interactions between the immunoglobulin heavy chains and BiP/GRP78 was observed in response to hyperosmotic conditions. This change in interaction may be correlated with the decrease in transit time through the posttranslational pathways. The increase in the posttranslational processing rate appears to be commensurate with the increase in antibody production in response to hyperosmotic stress.