Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resonance damping and optical susceptibilities

In the formal development of optical response theory in terms of susceptibilities, proper representation of the optical frequency dependence necessitates modeling both the discrete linewidth and the finite signal enhancement associated with the onset of resonance. Such dispersion behavior is generally accommodated by damping factors, featured in both resonant and non-resonant susceptibility terms. For the resonant terms, the sign of such damping corrections is unequivocal; however the correct choice of sign for non-resonant terms has become a matter of debate, heightened by the discovery that entirely opposite conventions are applied in mainstream literature on Raman scattering and nonlinear optics. Where the two conventions are applied to electro-optical processes in fluids there are significant and potentially verifiable differences between the associated results . Through a full thorough quantum electrodynamical treatment the universal correctness of one convention can be ascertained and flaws in the counter-convention identified. Resolution of the central issue requires consideration of a number of fundamental questions concerning the nature of dissipation in quantum mechanical systems. It is concluded that optical susceptibilities formulated with correct signing of the damping corrections must fulfill several fundamental tests: satisfaction of a new sum rule; invariance of the associated quantum amplitudes under time -reversal symmetry, and a resilience to canonical transformation.
EFFECTS OF UNILATERAL MASTICATORY FUNCTION ON CRANIOFACIAL AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT GROWTH

The study was undertaken to determine effects of unilateral masticatory function on craniofacial growth and temporomandibular joint structures in young rabbits. Right-side maxillary and mandibular molars were ground out of occlusion under general anesthesia. Macroscopic measurements were made using the skulls and mandibular halves. Articular surface inclinations were determined using photographs. Positions of articular eminences on crania were determined using machine-vision technique. Changes to extracellular matrix of condylar cartilage were studied histochemically and biochemically. Unilateral masticatory function resulted in changes in the shapes and dimensions of the mandible, maxilla and glenoid fossa. Maxillary widths, lengths of half-mandibles, and angles between the ramus and corpus were lower on the right than on the left side of each animal that had been subjected to right-side molar grinding, and in comparison with controls. As the rabbits grew, there was no recovery from the changes that had been brought about by the asymmetric function, even after occlusal function was reversed or left unmodified after a period of unilateral function. Inclinations of articular surfaces became shallower and positions of articular eminences and glenoid fossae more anterior in animals that had been subjected to molar grinding than in controls. Proteoglycan contents of condylar cartilage extracellular matrix were also affected by molar grinding: amounts of the aggregated proteoglycans in particular were low. We concluded, that the shape and the sagittal and vertical position of the articular eminence is highly adaptive to the function of the condyle process, and that there were associated alterations in the dimensions and shapes of mandible and maxilla. Unilateral masticatory function resulted in significant changes in condylar cartilage extracellular matrix. Normal occlusion and bilaterally symmetric masticatory function during early phases of growth is important for normal development of the maxilla, mandible and articular cartilage.
Carbonate dynamics of the coral reef system at Bora Bay, Miyako Island

Direct measurements of total inorgan~c carbon, total alkalinity and pH \yere obtained together with salinity, temperature and current velocities in a coral reef at Bora Bay, Miyako Island in the Ryukyu Islands in October 1993, March 1994 and July 1994. The 3 parameters of the carbonate system showed good internal consistency using carbonate acid dissociation coefficients from the literature, although the total alkalinity values observed in July were lower than the calculated values. Comparison of calculated values of the fugacity of CO2 in the coral reef waters and in the outer oceanic waters suggested that, particularly where water flows out of the lagoon and back to the ocean, biological actlvity within the reef-lagoon system may be releasing CO2 to the reef waters. However, a more careful consideration of biological inorganic and organic carbon production showed that the reef flat was a strong sink for aqueous CO, in July The lagoon, on the other hand, appears to be a slight source of CO, in October and March. K E Y MiORDS: Coral reef. Coral metabolism . Calcification Total inorganic carbon . Carbonate cycle
Carbon nanotube planted on Ni-based alloy in microbial fuel cell

The improvement of electrode materials used in microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology for enhancing the power performance of MFCs has attracted more and more attention lately. In this study, an new electrode material with a carbon nanotube planted on an Ni-based alloy substrate is applied to the MFC. Results show that a well-synthesized, straight CNT electrode performs the best, with a high open circuit voltage of 0.82V and a maximumpower density of 2.31W/m2. It is believed that this new kind of electrode will have a promising future in the technology of power generation from MFCs.
Isolation of bacteriophages and determination of their efficiency in controlling Ralstonia solanacearum causing bacterial wilt of tomato

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating disease of many economically-important crops. Management of R. solanacearum is difficult using a single method hence incorporation of a biological component in an integrated programme would be a promising approach. In the present study biocontrol potential of bacteriophages in controlling bacterial wilt of tomato (variety Thilina) was investigated. Bacteriophages were isolated from soil collected from vegetable fields or locations rich with organic matter and a mixture of six different phages were used in the study. Their effectiveness in controlling bacterial wilt caused by two isolates of R. solanacearum (isolate 6 and AB3) was investigated under planthouse conditions. Bacteriophage mixtures at a concentration of 2.86 x 10 6 pfu/ml were applied to the rhizosphere as a soil drench by several methods. The phage isolates had different lytic patterns on host R. solanacearum isolates and varied in their plaque morphology. Percentage wilt incidence by isolate 6 was reduced by 10%, due to application of the phage mixture immediately before the inoculation of the pathogen or when applied three times as a soil drench. Wilt incidence by isolate AB3 was reduced by 20% due to the application of the phage mixture by the two methods. Survival of the bacteriophage in soil treated with pahges ranged from 0.2 x 10 3 – 3.5 x 10 4 pfu/g of soil, after 15 days of the last application of phages. Tropical Agricultural Research Vol. 26 (1): 140 – 151 (2014)
Evidence-based medicine: a conflict between rigour and reality

The current government has given priority to two different objectives in reorganizing the National Health Service (NHS) in England and Wales. The first objective is to create a primary care-led NHS by organizing commissioning of hospital and community health services by new primary care organizations. The second objective is to improve quality and performance in the NHS and to assess this using evidence in various ways. Previous research has suggested that the changes GPs wish to make to services are often not based on published evidence. This suggests a conflict between the two principal objectives intended to drive the reorganization of the NHS. The aim of this study was therefore to explore these issues further. An interviewer-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on one general practitioner and one public health physician from each of four total purchasing pilots (TPPs) in Wales and their four host health authorities, respectively. The main outcome measures were the types of evidence used, and the extent to which evidence impacted on decisions. Access to evidence and views about its usefulness are also reported. It was found that more high-quality evidence was used in support of disease-specific than in support of non-disease-specific changes to care. Evidence played a greater role in decisions to change services that were purchased by health authorities, or provided by TPPs, than it did in changes to services purchased by TPPs. Similarly, higher quality of evidence was used when making decisions to change services that were purchased by health authorities or provided by TPPs, than for services that were purchased by TPPs. It is concluded that there is a mismatch between the availability of conventional, disease-specific evidence directed at the delivery of care, and the need for other kinds of evidence for commissioning changes in the organization of care. This means that we need research and development to develop new methods and new types of evidence so that we can assess the benefits of commissioning in a primary care-led NHS.
Spectrum distribution of electromagnetic field radiated by electrostatic discharge on the ground screen

Series problems may occur in electromagnetic equipment due to electrostatic discharge (ESD). The number of the damping incidents has been significantly increasing with increased use of integrated semiconductor elements with lower operation power. In this paper, the dipole moment is used to analyze the transient electromagnetic fields caused by ESD. When ESD occurs parallel to the perfect ground, the spectrum distribution of the radiated impulsive electromagnetic field is analyzed.
A matrix function useful in the estimation of linear continuous-time models

In a recent publication Chen & Zadrozny (2001) derive some equations for efficiently computing e A and ∇e A , its derivative. They employ an expression due to Bellman (1960), Snider (1964) and Wilcox (1967) for the differential de A and a method due to Van Loan (1978) to find the derivative ∇e A . T he present note gives a) a short derivation of ∇e A by way of the Bellman-Snider-Wilcox result, b) a shorter derivation without using it. In both approaches there is no need for Van Loan’s method.
Imaging intercellular calcium waves in the developing nervous system of zebrafish

SYSTEM OF ZEBRAFISH by GANESH SRINIVASAMOORTHY (under the direction of Andrew Sornborger and James Lauderdale) ABSTRACT Several critical developmental events in the brain are believed to be regulated by spontaneous calcium waves. Commonly used calcium imaging methodologies have not been successful in exploring calcium waves beyond the embryonic stages of zebrafish, due to their invasivity, high noise, poor spatial resolution and other problems. However, using zebrafish transgenic for Cameleon a FRET based calcium indicator and SOARS a statistical optimization technique for data analysis, we were able to overcome these limitations and were able to image spontaneous calcium waves in vivo in a live zebrafish brain. The zebrafish that we imaged stably expressed cameleon in all the neurons. Changes in the cameleon FRET signal were detected using SOARS, which is capable of detecting signals from noisy ratiometric datasets. Our results represent the first successful instance of imaging calcium waves with well preserved spatio-temporal information in a live larval zebrafish brain in vivo.
Integrated chronostratigraphy of the Pliocene-Pleistocene interval and its relation to the regional stratigraphical stages in the southern North Sea region

Abstract Time-stratigraphic interpretations of Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene sediments from onshore locations and from marginal marine settings of the North Sea Basin often refer to the subdivision of the Dutch and British ’Quaternary’ regional stratigraphic stages. Since age control for these stages and their stage boundaries are based on relative dating methods, in this study pollen, dinoflagellate cysts and foraminiferal assemblages were investigated to correlate the regional stratigraphic stages independently to the global chronostratigraphy and the paleomagnetic timescale. The data were obtained from eight boreholes located in the depocentre setting of the Late Pliocene North Sea Basin comprising a 1000 m thick sedimentary succession. The British Gedgravian and Waltonian stages, the Dutch Reuverian to Brunssumian as well as published foraminiferal zones (NSB 14, FB and the lower part of the FA2 zone) fall within the Zanclean and Piacenzian. The lower boundaries of the Pre-Ludhamian and Pretiglian stages and of the NSB 14 to 15 zones are close to the paleomagnetic Gauss-Matuyama boundary. The Pre-Ludhamian, Ludhamian, Thurnian and the Pretiglian, Tiglian A and Tiglian B stages presumably cover the marine isotope stages 103 to 95. It is proposed that the Ludhamian, Thurnian and the Tiglian A were short lasting, warm, periods during which sea level highstand facilitated sedimentary deposition at the marginal areas of the North Sea Basin. The lower boundary of the paleomagnetic Olduvai subchron is situated in the Tiglian Cl-4b stage while the TC4c stage is found within the Olduvai subchron. Foraminiferal NSB 15 and NSB 16 zone as well as the upper part of the FA2 and FA1 zone fall within the Gelasian and cover the Matuyama chron as well as the lower part of the Olduvai subchron. Comparison with formerly dated North Sea sediments shows a good agreement between foraminiferal zonations on a broader scale but significant differences in absolute ages occur. Strontium isotope values indicate approximately 1 Ma younger ages as expected from our chronostratigraphic model. This discrepancy is explained by the dominance of freshwater from river discharge contributing high amounts of eroded material to the basin, leading to an increase of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio in the shelf-sea water.
hysiopathologie de la prééclampsie athophysiology of preeclampsia

MOTS CLÉS Prééclampsie ; Placenta ; Grossesse ; Trophoblaste ; Angiogenèse Résumé La prééclampsie est une complication de la grossesse survenant au troisième trimestre de la grossesse et spécifique à la gestation humaine. Elle est secondaire à une dysfonction placentaire qui est responsable de la libération dans la circulation maternelle de diverses substances responsables d’une activation, voire d’une lésion de l’endothélium maternel, avec pour conséquences une hypertension artérielle, une néphropathie glomérulaire et une augmentation de la perméabilité vasculaire. De récents travaux ont permis de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie de cette pathologie avec l’espoir de mettre en place de nouveaux outils de dépistage et de possibles perspectives thérapeutiques. Cet article illustre les mécanismes physiopathologiques du défaut de remodelage vasculaire utérin, de la dysfonction placentaire et de la dysfonction endothéliale survenant au cours de la prééclampsie. © 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.
Activity Context Modeling in Context-Aware Environment

The explosion of mobile devices has fuelled the advancement of pervasive computing to provide personal assistance in this information-driven world. Pervasive computing takes advantage of context-aware computing to track, use and adapt to contextual information. The context that has attracted the attention of many researchers is the activity context. There are six major techniques that are used to model activity context. These techniques are key-value, logic-based, ontology-based, object-oriented, mark-up schemes and graphical. This paper analyses these techniques in detail by describing how each technique is implemented while reviewing their pros and cons. The paper ends with a hybrid modeling method that fits heterogeneous environment while considering the entire of modeling through data acquisition and utilization stages. The modeling stages of activity context are data sensation, data abstraction and reasoning and planning. The work revealed that mark-up schemes and object-oriented are best applicable at the data sensation stage. Key-value and object-oriented techniques fairly support data abstraction stage whereas the logic-based and ontology-based techniques are the ideal techniques for reasoning and planning stage. In a distributed system, mark-up schemes are very useful in data communication over a network and graphical technique should be used when saving context data into database.
Determination of the Mass Flux in Convective Cells over Europe

To infer the impact of airtraffic onto the upper tropospheric atmospheric trace gas composition it is necessary to quantify not only the sources and sinks but also the main transport mechanisms for the relevant pollutants. While the transport due to synoptic scale motion patterns can be effectively modelled, the deep convection in thunderstorms, which plays a prominent role in the vertical distribution of atmospheric pollutants during summertime has to be estimated by other methods. A 2 months time series of 1⁄2 hourly METEOSAT7 IR and WV data is used to identify and track the cirrus tops of convective cells. The divergence of these cloud tops can be derived from the atmospheric motion field, which we derive from the WV images using an area matching technique. This quantity is nearly not affected by the choice of the cirrus boundary and gives therefore a reasonable estimate for the vertical transport.
Mapping Strain in Nanocrystalline Nitinol: an X-ray Diffraction Method (SULI paper)

Understanding the mechanical properties of biomedical devices is critical in predicting and preventing their failure in the body. Such knowledge is essential, for example, in the design of biomedical stents, which must undergo repeated strain over their ten year lifetimes without breaking. Computational models are used to predict mechanical response of a device, but these models are not complete; there are significant deviations from the predictions, especially when devices are subjected to repeated multi-axial loads. Improving these models requires comparisons with actual measurements of strained nitinol. Local measurements of the full strain tensor can be made using X-ray diffraction techniques, but they are currently limited to materials whose grain size is larger than the X-ray beam size or require several diffraction patterns produced by rotation of the sample. Nitinol stents are nanocrystalline, with grains smaller than any available X-ray beam. We present a method for measuring the local strain in a nanocrystalline material from a single X-ray diffraction pattern by extending current powder diffraction techniques. The components of the strain tensor are mapped onto a displacement ellipsoid, which is then reconstructed from diffraction data through Bragg's law and least-squares fitting. Using simulated diffraction data, we performed sensitivity tests to examinemore » how the accuracy of the method depends on how much of the diffraction pattern is measured. We found that strain can be accurately calculated from measurements of at least three diffraction arcs of at least 20{sup o} in length. Thus we believe that our method is a viable approach to calculating strain provided a sufficient amount of diffraction pattern is recorded. « less
Role of e-business in the perception of ICT impact on revenue growth

Perceived gain from the use of e-business information and communication technologies (ICT) represents the main driver that motivates companies to implement them. The study focuses on the perception of e-business ICT applications within companies. On the sample of 11,072 companies from 27 EU states, we have determined which of e-business ICT application the companies use and how they perceive the impact of ICT on their revenue growth. An ordinal regression and decision tree analysis have been used to identify a portfolio of e-business ICT applications. We have also proposed three hypotheses to test whether the perceived impact of ICT is influenced by the number of implemented e-business ICT applications, or by the number of procurement-orientated e- business ICT applications, or even by the number of sales-orientated ones. The research not only helps practitioners to recognize which tools are behind the positive perception regarding the impact of ICT on revenue growth, but it tries to answer the question of whether the quantity of implemented applications really improves the acknowledged influence of ICT on revenue growth.
DORSAL HIPPOCAMPUS, VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS AND MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN TRACE AND CONTEXTUAL FEAR MEMORY EXPRESSION: IMPORTANCE OF THE LESION TO TEST INTERVAL

DORSAL HIPPOCAMPUS, VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS AND MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN TRACE AND CONTEXTUAL FEAR MEMORY EXPRESSION: IMPORTANCE OF THE LESION TO TEST INTERVAL by Christopher Beeman Previous work has shown that lesions of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) at recent but not remote times following training, produce deficits in memory expression. The opposite pattern was observed with lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In Experiment 1, excitotoxic lesions of the DH, ventral hippocampus (VH) or mPFC were made at 1 or 30 days following trace fear conditioning. Results showed a temporallygraded deficit in the DH and VH and mPFC lesioned animals in trace fear recall, but not simultaneously-learned contextual fear. In Experiment 2, the same lesions were made one day following training and testing was delayed for thirty days. This allowed for recovery of trace fear memory, but not contextual fear. These results suggest that systems-consolidation of trace fear memory occurs during the course of 30 days, is similar in both VH and DH, and is not disrupted in animals without intact HPC or mPFC. DORSAL HIPPOCAMPUS, VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS AND MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN TRACE AND CONTEXTUAL FEAR MEMORY EXPRESSION: IMPORTANCE OF THE LESION TO TEST INTERVAL
A dual of well-behaving type designed minimum distance

We propose a lower bound for the minimum distance of [n,k] linear codes which are specified by generator matrices whose rows are k vectors of a given sequence of n linearly independent vectors over a finite field. It is noted that the Feng-Rao and the order bounds give lower bounds for the minimum distance of the dual codes.