Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of medial temporal lobe epilepsy: II. Interictal and ictal scalp electroencephalography, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, surgical results, and pathology

Sixty‐seven patients with temporal lobe epilepsy without circumscribed, potentially epileptogenic lesions, who were studied with intracranial electrodes and who became seizure free following temporal lobectomy were retrospectively evaluated with regard to preoperative scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, neuropsychological test results, neuroimaging findings, results of surgery, and pathology of resected tissue. Interictal scalp EEG showed paroxysmal abnormalities during prolonged monitoring in 64 patients (96%). These were localized in the anterior temporal region in 60 (94%) of these 64 patients. Bilateral independent paroxysmal activity occurred in 42% of the patients and was preponderant over the side of seizure origin in half. Ictal EEG changes were rarely detected at the time of clinical seizure onset, but lateralized buildup of rhythmic seizure activity during the seizure occurred in 80% of patients. In 13%, the scalp EEG seizure buildup was, however, contralateral to the side of seizure origin as subsequently determined by depth EEG and curative surgery. Lateralized postictal showing, when present, was a very reliable lateralizing finding. Neuropsychological testing provided lateralizing findings concordant with the side of seizure origin in 73% of patients. When neuropsychological testing produced discordant results or nonlateralizing findings, those patients were usually found to have right temporal seizure origin. Intracarotid amobarbital (Amytal) testing demonstrated absent or marginal memory functions on the side of seizure onset in 63% of patients, but 26 patients (37%) had bilaterally intact memory. In those patients who had magnetic resonance imaging, it was very sensitive in detecting subtle medial temporal abnormalities. These abnormalities were present in 23 of 28 magnetic resonance images, and corresponded with mesial temporal sclerosis on pathological examination in all but 2 patients. Eighty‐one percent of the 51 patients who had adequate pathological examination of tissue had mesial temporal sclerosis. Forty‐one patients with adequate pathological examination had histories of febrile seizures and of these 38 (93%) had mesial temporal sclerosis.
Passive sonar limits upon nulling multiple moving ships with large aperture arrays

Large aperture sonar arrays have small resolution cells which (i) limit the number of "snapshots" available for accumulating sample covariance matrices and (ii) resolve the multipath propagation between each source and the array. Moving ships with high bearing rates transit resolution cells quickly setting limits upon short term stationarity assumptions. Usually, this leads to "snapshot deficient" processing which must be "patched" with techniques such as diagonal loading or subspace methods. Moreover, in most sonar environments there are several paths connecting a source to a receiver. The resulting interference pattern can be resolved with large aperture sonar arrays operated off "broadside". We examine the problems associated with large aperture sonar arrays here, particularly in the context of nulling multiple strong discretes from moving ships.
Aspect pré analytique et intérêt clinique de la détection d'ADN tumoral circulant par PCR digitale en oncologie digestive

L'ADN tumoral circulant (ADNtumc) est apparu depuis plusieurs annees comme un biomarqueur prometteur susceptible d'apporter des informations permettant l'optimisation de la prise en charge du patient en oncologie. L'objectif de cette these etait double et s'articule autour de deux axes : i) evaluer differentes conditions preanalytiques et analytiques (digitale PCR (dPCR) principalement) pour la detection de ce biomarqueur ii) evaluer l'interet clinique potentiel de ce biomarqueur en oncologie digestive. La premiere partie rapporte 3 travaux (3 articles originaux dont une collaboration nationale (equipe parisienne dirigee par J. Tost)). Dans le travail n°1, nous avons montre la faisabilite de detecter l'ADNtumc par dPCR directement a partir du plasma de 43 prelevements de patients avec cancer colorectal metastatique (CCRm). Il n'y avait pas de difference significative pour le taux de detection des mutations KRAS circulantes entre les groupes avec et sans extraction d'ADN (93 % (40/43) versus 88 °A) (38/43), respectivement). Dans le travail n°2, nous avons mis au point une methode basee sur l'apport d'heparinase pour la detection d'ADNtumc a partir de 194 prelevements heparines de patients suivis en oncologie. Ce traitement des echantillons par l'heparinase permettait l'analyse de l'ADNtumc pour 117/194 (60 %) patients avec inhibition Prealable de la dPCR par l'heparine. Enfin, dans le travail n°3, nous avons compare plusieurs plate-formes de detection d'ADNtumc et montre que la dPCR affichait des resultats de detection comparables sur le plan qualitatif et quantitatif avec une plateforme ultrasensible d'Enhanced-ice-COLD-PCR (E-ice-COLD-PCR) pour les echantillons avec une frequence allelique d'ADNtumc >0,4 °A La deuxieme partie rapporte 3 travaux (3 articles originaux) sur l'interet clinique de la detection d'ADNtumc par dPCR en oncologie digestive. Nous avons ainsi montre que ce biomarqueur conferait un interet diagnostique (travail n°4), Pronostique (travail n 4 a 6) et predictif de la reponse aux traitements (travail n°6) chez les Patients avec adenocarcinome pancreatique (AP) (travail n°4) et CCRm (travail n°5 a 6).
Prediction of paraquat exposure and toxicity in clinically ill poisoned patients: a model based approach.

AIMS Paraquat poisoning is a medical problem in many parts of Asia and the Pacific. The mortality rate is extremely high as there is no effective treatment. We analyzed data collected during an ongoing cohort study on self-poisoning and from a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in hospitalized paraquat-intoxicated patients. The aim of this analysis was to characterize the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of paraquat in this population. METHODS A non-linear mixed effects approach was used to perform a toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic population analysis in a cohort of 78 patients. RESULTS The paraquat plasma concentrations were best fitted by a two compartment toxicokinetic structural model with first order absorption and first order elimination. Changes in renal function were used for the assessment of paraquat toxicodynamics. The estimates of toxicokinetic parameters for the apparent clearance, the apparent volume of distribution and elimination half-life were 1.17 l h(-1) , 2.4 l kg(-1) and 87 h, respectively. Renal function, namely creatinine clearance, was the most significant covariate to explain between patient variability in paraquat clearance.This model suggested that a reduction in paraquat clearance occurred within 24 to 48 h after poison ingestion, and afterwards the clearance was constant over time. The model estimated that a paraquat concentration of 429 μg l(-1) caused 50% of maximum renal toxicity. The immunosuppressive therapy tested during this study was associated with only 8% improvement of renal function. CONCLUSION The developed models may be useful as prognostic tools to predict patient outcome based on patient characteristics on admission and to assess drug effectiveness during antidote drug development.
The instability of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa: fluctuation test and improved stability of the mucoid form in shaken culture.

Bacteria. Strain ~~0568 is a mucoid variant of the non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ~~0381 (Zeu-38 str-6 FP2; Stanisich & Holloway, 1969) and produces an acetylated alginate-like exopolysaccharide composed of mannuronic and guluronic acids (Govan & Fyfe, 1978). A non-mucoid revertant, ~~0547, was obtained by subculture from the spreading, non-mucoid growth which appeared at the edge of a mucoid colony after several days growth on nutrient agar at 37 "C. Strain ~~0548 is ajprototrophic derivative of ~~0547 obtained by transduction using phage Fl16L (Krishnapillai, 1971) propagated on the strain PAol (Holloway, 1955). Media. Nutrient broth (NB) was Oxoid no. 2 (code CM67) with 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract (Oxoid) and nutrient agar (NA) was Columbia Agar Base (Oxoid, CM331). Desoxycholate citrate agar (DCA) was Oxoid CM227. Minimal agar (MA) was that described by Vogel & Bonner (1956). Transduction. The method used was that described by Holloway et al. (1962). Fluctuation test, Fluctuation analysis was based on the method described by Luria & Delbruck (1943). A mucoid colony from an 18 h culture of ~~0568, grown on DCA, was suspended in 2 ml physiological saline and diluted in saline such that addition of 0.1 ml of the suspension to 10 ml NB (contained in a 150 ml bottle) produced an initial density of less than 10 cells ml-l. Cultures were incubated for 30 h at 37 "C without shaking and then vortexed briefly to obtain a uniform suspension. The numbers of mucoid and nonmucoid colony-forming units were measured as follows. Samples (0-2 ml) were diluted in physiological saline and 0-1 ml was spread on NA and incubated for 18 h at 37 "C. The percentage of non-mucoid revertants was calculated from the average count obtained from three plates, at a dilution yielding 100 to 200 colonies per plate. To investigate the stability of the mucoid form in shaken broth cultures, the inoculum was prepared as above but cultures were incubated in an orbital incubator (GallenkamD) at 140 rev. min-1.
1991 Volvo Award in Clinical Sciences: Smoking and Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: An MRI Study of Identical Twins

The primary objective of this study was to determine whether disc degeneration, as assessed through magnetic resonance imaging, is greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. To control for the maximum number of potentially confounding variables, pairs of identical twins highly discordant for cigarette smoking were selected as study subjects. Data analyses revealed 18% greater mean disc degeneration scores in the lumbar spines of smokers as compared with nonsmokers. The effect was present across the entire lumbar spine, implicating a mechanism acting systemically. This investigation demonstrates the efficiency of using carefully selected controls in studying conditions of multifactorial etiology, such as disc degeneration.
Topology exchange between KY converter and its derivative

In this paper, topology exchange between the KY converter and its derivative is presented herein so as to tackle the wide input voltage range and hence to increase the system control reliability. Since the KY converter, 1-plus-D converter, is a nonisolated voltage-boosting converter with buck-type behavior, its derivative, 1-plus-2D converter, also possesses fast transient responses. And hence, the proposed topology exchange control strategy can make each other transferred smoothly. Some experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Gain-scheduled linear quadratic regulator applied to the stabilization of a riderless bicycle

In this article, a gain-scheduling control is designed to achieve the stabilization of a riderless bicycle. The main contribution is the design of a stabilizing control system including integral actions based on an observer and its corroboration through experimental results, with the objective of the stabilization of a riderless bicycle toward its upright position through a torque applied to the handlebar. The bicycle stabilization is achieved even when the translational velocity is varying over time, parameter considered as scheduling variable. The stabilizing system is based on a linear quadratic regulator gain-scheduling control, concluding with the effective application of this scheme on an instrumented prototype.
Non-connected versus interconnected macroporosity in poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) polymers. An X-ray microtomographic and histomorphometric study

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) has potentially broad biomedical applications: it is biocompatible and has a hardness comparable to bone when bulk polymerized. Porous biomaterials allow bone integration to be increased, especially when the pores are interconnected. In this study, three types of porogens (sugar fibers, sucrose crystals, and urea beads) have been used to prepare macroporous pHEMA. The pore volume and interconnectivity parameters of the porosity were measured by X-ray microtomography and image analysis. Sucrose crystals, having a high volumetric mass, gave large pores that were located on the block sides. Urea beads and sugar fibers provided pores with the same star volume (2.65 ± 0.46 mm3 and 2.48 ± 0.52 mm3, respectively) but which differed in interconnectivity index, fractal dimension, and Euler–Poincaré's number. Urea beads caused non-connected porosity, while sugar fibers created a dense labyrinth within the polymer. Interconnectivity was proved by carrying out surface treatment of the pHEMA (carboxymethylation in water), followed by von Kossà staining, which detected the carboxylic groups. Carboxymethylated surfaces were observed on the sides of the blocks and on the opened or interconnected pores. The disconnected pores were unstained. Macroporous polymers can be prepared with water-soluble porogens. X-ray microtomography appears a useful tool to measure porosity and interconnectedness.
Using Eye Tracking Technology to Analyze the Impact of Stylistic Inconsistency on Code Readability

A number of research efforts have focused in the area of programming style. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is little sound and solid evidence of how and to what extent can stylistic inconsistency impact the readability and maintainability of the source code. To bridge the research gap, we design an empirical experiment in which eye tracking technology is introduced to quantitatively reflect developers' cognitive efforts and mental processes when encountering the inconsistency issue.
Earth-like worlds on eccentric orbits: excursions beyond the habitable zone

Many of the recently discovered extrasolar giant planets move around their stars on highly eccentric orbits, and some with e [ges ] 0·7. Systems with planets within or near the habitable zone (HZ) will possibly harbour life on terrestrial-type moons if the seasonal temperature extremes resulting from the large orbital eccentricities of the planets are not too severe. Here we use a three-dimensional general-circulation climate model and a one-dimensional energy-balance model to examine the climates of either bound or isolated earths on extremely elliptical orbits near the HZ. While such worlds are susceptible to large variations in surface temperature, long-term climate stability depends primarily on the average stellar flux received over an entire orbit, not the length of the time spent within the HZ.
Extracellular Ca2+ is obligatory for ouabain‐induced potentiation of cardiac basal energy expenditure

1. The method of action of cardiac glycosides is commonly explained by the ‘pump‐inhibition hypothesis’: inhibition of the Na+/K+‐ATPase allows [Na+]i to rise, eventually reversing Na+/Ca2+ exchange. The resulting influx of Ca2+o increases [Ca2+]i, thereby activating intracellular Ca2+‐dependent ATPases and, hence, energy demand. This sequence has been presumed to occur during diastole as well as systole. However, it has been reported that dihydro‐ouabain‐induced potentiation of heat production by quiescent ventricular trabeculae persists in the absence of Ca2+o. This implies that the pump‐inhibition hypothesis is inapplicable during diastole.
Discrétisation et commande frontière de systèmes vibro-acoustiques, une approche hamiltonienne à ports

Cette these repond a une problematique de commande frontiere d’une conduite acoustique dont l’actionnement est assure par un reseau d’actionneurs/capteurs co-localises constituant une peau active. Pour faire face au caractere intrinsequement multiphysique de ce probleme vibro-acoustique, nous avons choisi dans cette these d’employer une approche hamiltonienne a ports, approche structuree basee sur la representation des echanges entre differents domaines energetiques au sein d’un systeme et entre differents systemes. Nous avons propose une modelisation hamiltonienne a ports de l’equation d’onde interconnectee a la frontiere au systeme d’actionnement distribue, correspondant a une formulation 2D du probleme physique. Nous avons developpe une methode de discretisation spatiale basee sur l’utilisation de differences finies sur plusieurs grilles en quinconce qui preserve la structure hamiltonienne a ports de l’equation d’onde. Cette methode permet en outre d’interconnecter facilement le systeme discretise avec d’autres sous-systemes, dans le but de mettre en place un actionnement par exemple. Son principal avantage sur d’autres methodes preservatives de structure reside dans sa simplicite de mise en œuvre qui decoule de l’utilisation de differences finies. Concernant la commande du systeme vibro-acoustique, nous avons propose une methode de synthese de loi de commande distribuee pour les systemes regis par deux lois de conservation en 1D. L’originalite de cette methode reside en le fait qu’elle repose sur le calcul d’invariants structuraux (fonctions de Casimir) exploites afin de modifier la structure du systeme en boucle fermee. Les conditions d’application sur un systeme 2D sont etudiees et des resultats numeriques valident les lois de commande synthetisees.
L’anthropologie au service de la pédagogie par la praxis

Depuis le depart, notre demarche de recherche est centree sur une approche anthropologique et structuraliste au service de l’analyse des outils et des usages technologiques, dans un premier temps, et pedagogiques, dans un deuxieme temps. Ceci nous conduit a developper la notion de praxis mise en oeuvre dans l’apprentissage ainsi que d’une pedagogie situee, a la fois dans l’espace, dans le langage et dans les effets desires en terme d’apprentissage. Nous tentons de reflechir sur un angle qui nous semble encore obscur qui est celui que les actions et le langage induisent et dont les outils pedagogiques font partie. Ceci nous a conduit a developper la notion de praxis mise en oeuvre dans l’apprentissage, venant « s’encastrer » dans la pedagogie basee sur l’experience et l’experimentation, appelee aussi pedagogie de l’alternance. Pour nous, la praxis est mouvement et action, dynamique et non statique, qui se deploie et contient le sens/la direction de l’action en train de se faire, le resultat de ce que l’action produit et la facon dont elle se produit. L’outil, vu comme l’objet et le support de la pratique, est aussi un constructeur de l’apprentissage, de sa representation et le creuset des connaissances.
Two-Octave Spanning Supercontinuum in a Soft Glass Photonic Crystal Fiber Suitable for 1.55  $\mu$m Pumping

In this paper, we present the results of a two-octave spanning supercontinuum (1000-3200 nm) generated in a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber that can be fabricated using a stack-and-draw process with SF57. The fiber can be pumped at 1.55 μm using a commercially available laser source with an average power of 5 mW. The fiber has two zero dispersion wavelengths at 1388 and 2068 nm with very high nonlinearity (~500 W-1 km-1 at 1550 nm).
Detección de intrusiones en redes basada en anomalías mediante técnicas de modelado de protocolos

El trabajo de tesis doctoral presentado en esta memoria supone una contribucion a las soluciones existentes para el problema de la deteccion de intrusiones en redes basada en anomalias. Los objetivos de mayor importancia alcanzados con este trabajo pueden resumirse en los puntos siguientes: 1. Se ha efectuado un analisis critico de las soluciones existentes para el problema de la deteccion de anomalias en sistemas de deteccion e intrusiones en redes. A traves de el han sido identificados, clasificados y discutidos los principales enfoques actuales en este campo. En suma, se puede concluir que definir una nocion de lo que significa "el comportamiento normal de una red de comunicaciones" es un problema para el que en la actualidad se dispone unicamente de soluciones imprecisas y parcialmente satisfactorias. Como consecuencia, la deteccion de eventos anomalos a partir de tales esquemas ofrece unos resultados ineficaces para su aplicacion real. 2. Como alternativa, ha sido propuesta una arquitectura, denominada LAND, para la concepcion y desarrollo de tecnicas NIDS basadas en la deteccion de usos anomalos de protocolos de red. Contrariamente a las aproximaciones existentes y basadas en el modelado conjunto de toda la actividad de la red, la idea subyacente a esta propuesta consiste en considerar exclusivamente las relaciones establecidas entre entidades paritarias durante el proceso de la comunicacion. Este enfoque conduce a un modelado y monitorizacion autonomos de cada protocolo de red. Con independencia de los resultados experimentales, han sido identificadas algunas ventajas en esta propuesta, tales como: (a) Una mayor simplicidad y precision teorica de las tecnicas. (b) La posibilidad de introducir de una forma natural la especificacion del protocolo como herramienta adicional para efectuar la deteccion. (c) Una mayor versatilidad y modularidad del sistema global de deteccion. (d) La posibilidad
Sistema de adquisición de datos de bajo costo con la plataforma arduino

Aun cuando los avances en electronica son inmensos y el mercado esta saturado de instrumentos y sensores que permiten tomar y almacenar datos estos no suelen ser nada economicos y sigue existiendo la necesidad de disponer de aparatos que recopilen y almacenen informacion a bajo costo, que puedan ser accesibles a productores, investigadores o estudiantes con bajo presupuesto lo cual suele ser muy comun en nuestro pais; de alli que surja la necesidad de contar o tener la manera de construir un sistema de adquisicion de datos (SAD) en este trabajo se menciona las partes necesarias asi como los elementos que se requieren para construir un SAD economico y confiable basado en la plataforma Arduino.
Transient myeloproliferative disorder in children with Down syndrome: clarity to this enigmatic disorder

Children with trisomy 21 have a unique predisposition to develop a megakaryoblastic proliferative disease of varying severity during their first 3 months of life. This disorder exists in no other children or adults without the presence of trisomy 21 and only occurs in the fetal or neonatal period of life. Its spontaneous resolution in most cases further delineates it from otherwise indistinguishable neonatal leukaemias. The identification that GATA1 mutations are the leukaemogenic source along with three recently reported prospective clinical trials now provide a clearer understanding of this haematopoietic disorder. These recent advances in this enigmatic disorder, now known as Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder, are reviewed here in order to bring clarity to the breadth of organ involvement, the range of severity, the risk factors for mortality, the therapeutic options for severe manifestations, the natural course of spontaneous resolution regardless of therapy, and the elucidation of the subsequent risk for myeloid leukaemia.