Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manganese-Dependent Cleavage of Nonphenolic Lignin Structures by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora in the Absence of Lignin Peroxidase

Vol. 62, no. 10, p. 3684, column 2, line 16: "Tri(methylsilyl)" should read "Tri(trimethylsilyl). " Line 17: "Di(methylsilyl)" should read "Di(trimethylsilyl). " Line 20: "Tri(methylsilyl)" should read "Trimethylsilyl. " Page 3686, column 1, reference 12: The journal should be Dokl. Akad. Nauk Belarusi. [This corrects the article on p. 3679 in vol. 62. ].
Introduction of WO3 Layer in a Cu-Based Al2O3 Conductive Bridge RAM System for Robust Cycling and Large Memory Window

In this paper, we optimize a WO3\Al2O3 bilayer serving as the electrolyte of a conductive bridge RAM device using a Cu-based supply layer. By introducing a WO3 layer formed by thermal oxidation of a W plug, the hourglass shape of the conductive filament is desirably controlled, enabling excellent switching behavior. We demonstrate a clear improvement of the microstructure and density of the WO3 layer by increasing the oxidation time and temperature, resulting in a strong increase of the high-resistance-state breakdown voltage. The high quality WO3 microstructure allows thus the use of a larger reset pulse amplitude resulting both in larger memory window and failure-free write cycling.
Uloga i primjena stvarnih opcija u menadžerskom odlučivanju

Rad zapocinje kratkom kritikom tradicionalnih metoda budžetiranja kapitala, poput neto sadasnje vrijednosti, koje uslijed novih uvjeta poslovanja u globalnoj ekonomiji postaju neadekvatna metoda alokacije kapitala poduzeca. U svrhu osiguranja fleksibilnosti u poslovanju, potrebno je dinamiziranje tradicionalnog budžetiranja kapitala. Kao rjesenje tog problema, rad predlaže vrednovanje stvarnih opcija koje imaju određenu vrijednost. Ukljucivanjem tih vrijednosti u analizu investicijskih projekata dinamizira se proces budžetiranja kapitala. Unatoc sirokoj prihvacenosti teorije stvarnih opcija, njezina primjena u praksi u velikoj mjeri izostaje, sto je ujedno jedan od sredisnjih problema kojim se rad bavi. Vrednovanje stvarnih opcija je multidisciplinarno podrucje, zahtijeva znanja iz podrucja mikroekonomije, financija, menadžmenta i informacijske tehnologije, tj. zahtijeva mnogo vremena i truda menadžera te je u kalkulacijskom smislu intenzivno. To je ujedno i razlog nedostatka razumijevanja ovog pristupa budžetiranju kapitala i stoga vjerojatno nedostatnoj upotrebi u praksi. Stvarne opcije imaju bitnu ulogu pri budžetiranju kapitala jer predstavljaju svojevrstan okvir za donosenje strateskih odluka iz razloga sto omogucavaju fleksibilnost u poslovanju poduzeca, tj. cine poduzece sposobnijim da se prilagođava nastalim okolnostima. Kao takvo, vrednovanje stvarnih opcija služi efikasnijem ostvarivanju ciljeva i strategije poduzeca. U radu su također prikazane tri osnovne vrste stvarnih opcija – opcija sirenja, opcija napustanja i opcija cekanja, kako bi se razumjelo njihovo vrednovanje i inkorporiranje u analizu investicijskih projekata.
Autoantibodies to Sympathetic Ganglia, GAD, or Tyrosine Phosphatase in Long-Term IDDM With and Without ECG-Based Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of autoantibodies to complement-fixing sympathetic ganglia (CF-SG), and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2) with electrocardiogram (ECG)-based cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in long-term IDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined the prevalence of autoantibodies to CF-SG (by complement-fixing indirect immunoflourescence), GAD, and IA-2 (by radioligand assay) and islet cells (by indirect immunofluorescence) in 96 long-term IDDM patients (41 with ECG-based CAN, ≥ 2 of 5 cardiac reflex tests abnormal; 55 without ECG-based CAN). As a control group, 89 healthy nondiabetic subjects were investigated. RESULTS CF-SG autoantibodies were observed more frequently in long-term IDDM patients than in the control group (25 vs. 4%, P = 0.0001). Of the IDDM patients, 14 (34%) with CAN and 10 (18%) without CAN presented with CF-SG autoantibodies (P = 0.06). GAD or IA-2 autoantibodies were detected in 14 (34%) and 17 (41%) IDDM patients with CAN, compared with 24 (44%) and 29 (53%) IDDM patients without CAN (P = 0.2, P = 0.2). Islet cell antibodies were observed in 6 (15%) IDDM patients with and in 9 (16%) IDDM patients without CAN (P = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS In long-term IDDM, the role of CF-SG autoantibodies, which tend to be more frequent in patients with ECG-based CAN, requires further investigations. The persistence of GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies is not related to ECG-based CAN.
The effect of hormone replacement therapy on Ca2+ mobilization and P-selectin (CD62P) expression in platelets examined under flow cytometry

A series of events, such as increase of cytoplasmic free calcium (Ca2+) and expression of P-selectin (CD62P), an adhesion molecule, on the platelet surface, are significant indicators of platelet activation. We have used flow cytometry to examine Ca2+ mobilization and CD62P expression in platelets in whole blood obtained in women prior to, and after, different forms of hormone replacement therapy. Thirty-two women completed a protocol consisting of two consecutive 1-month periods under oestradiol (E2), administered orally (2 mg/day) or transdermally (50 μg/day) in random order, followed by a 4-week transdermal sequential regime, in which, during the last 14 days, either progesterone (300 mg/day) or medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg/day) was added to the 50 μg/day E2, administered orally in random order. None of the hormonal combinations determined significant changes in Ca2+ mobilization or CD62P expression in non-stimulated platelets. However, stimulation of platelets with adenosine diphosphate, but not with thrombin, caused a significant increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration during treatment with transdermal E2 plus progesterone. Also when stimulating with thrombin, transdermal E2 was more active than oral E2 in increasing CD62P expression, a difference that was not reduced by the addition of progestogens. In conclusion, hormone replacement therapy only increased Ca2+ mobilization or CD62P expression in stimulated platelets, and then followed a varied pattern that was dependent on the stimulant and on the specific hormonal formulation.
Role of CD46 Polymorphisms in the Occurrence of Disease in Young Chinese Men With Human Adenovirus Type 55 Infection

Abstract Objective Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) has recently caused multiple outbreaks. This study examined polymorphisms in CD46 to determine their involvement in HAdV-55 infection. Methods A total of 214 study subjects infected with HAdV-55 were included in our study. The study subjects were divided into those with silent infections (n=91), minor infections (n=85), and severe infections (n=38). Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from CD46 were examined. Results Compared with the AA genotype, the TT genotype at rs2724385 (CD46, A/T) was associated with a protective effect against disease occurrence, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.20 (0.04-0.97) (P=0.038). There were no significant differences between the patients with minor and severe infection and those who had silent HAdV-55 infection in the other CD46 SNPs. We next compared the polymorphisms of these genes according to disease severity in HAdV-55-infected patients with clinical symptoms. The results showed that there were no significant differences between minor infections and severe infections. Conclusions Our results suggested that the CD46 SNP at rs2724385 is associated with the occurrence of disease in HAdV-55-infected patients. A much larger number of samples is required to understand the role of CD46 polymorphisms in the occurrence and progression of infection by HAdV-55. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:427–430)
Stabilité globale et contrôle d'écoulements de recirculation

Cette these est une contribution a l'etude de la transition et du controle des ecoulements ouverts, conduite dans le cadre de la theorie de stabilite hydrodynamique. Les ecoulements ouverts, comme les ecoulements de recirculation consideres dans ces travaux, sont par essence non paralleles. Une approche globale de la theorie de stabilite, consistant a considerer deux directions de l'espace comme direction propre, est alors adequate pour caracteriser leur transition. La premiere partie est consacree a une etude exhaustive de la stabilite lineaire d'un ecoulement de recirculation se formant dans un canal courbe en s'interessant a la stabilite au temps long et au temps court. La stabilite au temps long repose sur une decomposition des perturbations sous la forme de modes globaux s'amplifiant exponentiellement en temps. La stabilite au temps court consiste a determiner les perturbations initiales optimales, definies comme les structures spatiales qui conduisent a un maximum d'amplification de l'energie pour differents temps courts donnes. Ces deux analyses ont permis de comprendre la naissance de la tridimensionalite et des instationnarites dans l'ecoulement de recirculation bidimensionnel stationnaire. La seconde partie propose une approche theorique du controle passif des ecoulements globalement instables (au temps long). Elle se base sur une etude de la sensibilitedes valeurs propres a des modifications du champ de base, ces dernieres etant generiques ou induites par une force volumique stationnaire. La pertinence de cette analyse est evaluee sur l'ecoulement prototype autour d'un cylindre a bas nombre de Reynolds. Elle permet notamment de reproduire des resultats experimentaux de controle passif, consistant a determiner les positions d'un petit cylindre, place dans le sillage du cylindre principal, qui permettent de supprimer l'allee tourbillonaire de Von Karman.
Genetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the human astrovirus nsp1a coding region: Design of a new RFLP typing method

Human astroviruses (HAstV) are causative agents of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. A hypervariable region (HVR) is located close to the C‐terminus of the nsP1a, and recent data support the involvement of the HVR‐containing nonstructural protein in viral RNA replication processes, suggesting a correlation between variability in this region and pathogenic properties. The HVR of the C‐terminal nsP1a coding region of 104 wild‐type and reference isolates of HAstV was sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to identify different genotypes, and a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was designed. An extensive nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence variability was observed, as well as many insertions and deletions that retained the reading frame. The resultant phylogenetic tree supported the subdivision of HAstV into the two previously described major genetic groups, genogroup A and B, and the identification of 12 genotypes (9 within genogroup A, and 3 within genogroup B), which could be identified by RFLP. A correlation analysis was performed between genotype information and viral load using information from 35 clinical samples. Significant differences were observed between the viral load in clinical samples and certain HAstV genotypes that belonged to the same serotype, confirming the influence of C‐terminal nsP1a variability on the viral replication phenotype. The use of the new RFLP typing method based on the HVR of the C‐terminal nsP1a coding region by diagnosticians would help to understand the relationship between different genotypes and the severity of the gastroenteritis. J. Med. Virol. 80:306–315, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Copy number variation detection and genotyping from exome sequence data

While exome sequencing is readily amenable to single-nucleotide variant discovery, the sparse and nonuniform nature of the exome capture reaction has hindered exome-based detection and characterization of genic copy number variation. We developed a novel method using singular value decomposition (SVD) normalization to discover rare genic copy number variants (CNVs) as well as genotype copy number polymorphic (CNP) loci with high sensitivity and specificity from exome sequencing data. We estimate the precision of our algorithm using 122 trios (366 exomes) and show that this method can be used to reliably predict (94% overall precision) both de novo and inherited rare CNVs involving three or more consecutive exons. We demonstrate that exome-based genotyping of CNPs strongly correlates with whole-genome data (median r2 = 0.91), especially for loci with fewer than eight copies, and can estimate the absolute copy number of multi-allelic genes with high accuracy (78% call level). The resulting user-friendly computational pipeline, CoNIFER (copy number inference from exome reads), can reliably be used to discover disruptive genic CNVs missed by standard approaches and should have broad application in human genetic studies of disease.
Extraction de relations et de patrons de relations entre entités nommées en vue de l'enrichissement d'une ontologie

Nous proposons dans cet article une methode non-supervisee d'extraction des relations et des patrons de relations entre entites nommees, realisee dans le cadre de la creation et l'enrichissement d'une ontologie. La methode proposee se caracterise par l'exploitation des resultats d'analyse syntaxique, notamment les chemins syntaxiques reliant deux entites nommees dans les arbres de dependance. Les informations sur les relations syntaxiques presentes entre les composants sont mises a profit pour le calcul de la similarite employee pour la phase principale de classification. Nous presentons egalement le mecanisme concu pour l'integration des resultats obtenus dans une ontologie.
Quality-protein maize as the sole source of dietary protein and fat for rapidly growing young children.

Earlier studies demonstrated that quality protein maize (QPM), with increased lysine and tryptophan and decreased leucine contents, was more digestible and supported 45% greater nitrogen retention than common maize. Ten recovering malnourished children (ages 13 to 29 months, height-ages 5 to 15 months, weight-ages 3 to 11 months) have now received 90% of their diet energy and 100% of protein and fat from QPM. Energy intake was adjusted to allow them to reach the 50th centile of weight-for-length (according to the National Center for Health Statistics) in 90 days (two completed 60 days only). Growth was compared with that of 10 children receiving modified cow's milk formula (CMF). Energy intakes (QPM 110 +/- 15, CMF 106 +/- 12, corrected for absorption to 94 and 97 kcal/kg.d), crude energy costs of gain (43 +/- 9 and 40 +/- 10, corrected to 37 and 37 kcal/g), linear growth (1.23 +/- 0.24 and 1.33 +/- 0.26 cm/mo), gains in height-age (3.1 +/- 0.7 and 3.3 +/- 1.2 mo), weight gain (2.6 +/- 0.6 and 2.6 +/- 0.8 g/kg.d), and final sums of fat folds (24.3 +/- 3.5 and 27.2 +/- 2.9 mm) were not different. Gains in weight-age were greater (7.5 +/- 2.3 vs 5.4 +/- 1.6 months, P less than .05) and serum albumin decreased (4.10 +/- 0.24 to 3.77 +/- 0.31 g/dL, P less than .01) during QPM feeding. Plasma-free total essential amino acids and ratio of these to total essential amino acids were less after QPM than after CMF diets. Equal growth rates with QPM and CMF diets offer great potential for developing- and developed-country children.
Review: long term psychotherapy in combination with antidepressants increases compliance and response rates in people with depression

Pampallona S, Bollini P, Tibaldi G, et al . Combined pharmacotherapy and psychological treatment for depression. A systematic review. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:714–19. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q Does psychotherapy in combination with antidepressants increase compliance and response rates compared with antidepressants alone in people with depression? ### ! [Graphic][5] Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. ### ! [Graphic][6] Data sources: MEDLINE, Current Contents, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library (January 1990 to November 2002); hand searches of review articles, textbooks, treatment guidelines, and reference lists. ### ! [Graphic][7] Study selection and analysis: Eligible studies were randomised clinical trials comparing antidepressants plus psychotherapy (problem solving, interpersonal, cognitive, behavioural, marital, and psychodynamic therapies) with antidepressant treatment alone. Exclusions: non-pharmacological intervention other than psychotherapy; subsequent publications from an already published trial (data subsets or long term follow up). Data were extracted on diagnosis, sex, age, type of antidepressant, type of intervention, and study duration. Study quality and duration were used to perform meta-regression analysis on random effect estimates. ### ! [Graphic][8] Outcomes: Response rate; dropout rate. … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DArchives%2Bof%2BGeneral%2BPsychiatry%26rft.stitle%253DArch%2BGen%2BPsychiatry%26rft.issn%253D0003-990X%26rft.aulast%253DPampallona%26rft.auinit1%253DS. %26rft.volume%253D61%26rft.issue%253D7%26rft.spage%253D714%26rft.epage%253D719%26rft.atitle%253DCombined%2BPharmacotherapy%2Band%2BPsychological%2BTreatment%2Bfor%2BDepression%253A%2BA%2BSystematic%2BReview%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Farchpsyc.61. 7.714%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15237083%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=10.1001/archpsyc.61. 7.714&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=15237083&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F8%2F1%2F12.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=000222620200011&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a condition resulting in an increased risk of skeletal fractures due to a reduction in the density of bone tissue. Prevention of osteoporotic-related fractures is dependent on the ability to detect individuals with low bone mass, including those women who are asymptomatic. Treatment of osteoporosis involves the use of either anti-resorptive (e.g. estrogen and bisphosphonate) or bone formation agents (e.g. fluoride and PTH). The value of exercise as an intervention for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss is a controversial subject. OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness of exercise therapy at preventing bone loss and fractures in postmenopausal women. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group's specialised register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry up to January 2000 according to the methods suggested by Dickersin et al and Haynes et al and the Cochrane Handbook. We hand searched reference lists and consulted content experts. SELECTION CRITERIA This review was proceeded by a peer reviewed protocol published in the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently selected all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which met our predetermined inclusion criteria. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS The same two reviewers abstracted the data using predetermined forms and assessed trial quality using a validated assessment tool. For dichotomous outcomes (fractures), relative risks were calculated using fixed effects models. For continuous data, weighted mean differences (WMD) of the percentage change from baseline were calculated. Where heterogeneity existed (determined by a chi square test), a random effects model was used. MAIN RESULTS Eighteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. The trials had a mean methodological quality score of 2.53. Aerobics, weight bearing and resistance exercises were all effective on the BMD of the spine. The WMD for the combined aerobics and weight bearing program on the spine was 1.79 [95%CI (0.58, 3.01)]. The analyzed results showed walking to be effective on both BMD of the spine 1.31[95%CI (-0.03, 2.65) and the hip 0.92[95%CI (0.21, 1.64). Aerobic exercise was effective in increasing BMD of the wrist 1.22[95%CI (0.71, 1.74)]. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Aerobics, weight bearing and resistance exercises are all effective in increasing the BMD of the spine in postmenopausal women. Walking is also effective on the hip. The quality of the reporting of the trials in the meta-analysis was low, in particular, in the areas of allocation concealement and blinding.
Synonymy graph connectivity in graph-based word sense induction

In this paper, we present an approach for synonymy graph augmentation. The approach is based on the equivalence property of the synonymy relation and implies the addition of the missing transitive edges between the potential synonyms in the input synonymy graph. We also conduct the preliminary evaluation of this approach on two datasets for the Russian language and show that it does increase the quality of the graph clustering comparing to the non-augmented input graph.
c-Abl Phosphorylates Hdmx and Regulates Its Interaction with p53*

Upon exposure to DNA damage the p53 tumor suppressor is accumulated and activated to stall cellular growth. For this to occur, p53 must be relieved from its major inhibitors, Mdm2 (Hdm2 in humans) and Mdmx (Mdm4; Hdmx in humans). A key mechanism controlling this relief is the post-translational modifications of p53 and its inhibitors. We have previously demonstrated that the stress-activated tyrosine kinase, c-Abl, contributes to the relief of p53 from Hdm2. Because Hdmx is the major inhibitor of p53 activity, the additional possibility that c-Abl protects p53 through targeting Hdmx was explored in this study. c-Abl was found to interact with and to phosphorylate Hdmx. This phosphorylation was enhanced in response to DNA damage. Importantly, we mapped the sites of phosphorylation to the p53 binding domain of Hdmx. One of these phosphorylations, on tyrosine 99, inhibited Hdmx interaction with p53. This inhibition is consistent with the predicted role of this residue in the interaction with p53 based on the crystal structure of the interaction site. Our results show that c-Abl not only targets Hdm2, but also Hdmx, which together contribute to p53 activation in response to DNA damage.
Hyperglucagonemia in Laennec's cirrhosis. The role of portal-systemic shunting.

Abstract Plasma pancreatic glucagon concentrations were determined in 18 cirrhotic patients in the basal state and after the infusion of alanine, 0.15 g per kilogram of body weight in two to four minutes. In the cirrhotic patients, basal concentrations of glucagon were two to five times normal, and the glucagon response to alanine administration was three to 13 times greater than in 11 control subjects. Glucagon levels were highest in four patients with portacaval anastomosis, were less elevated in 10 cirrhotic patients with spontaneous portal-systemic shunting and were normal in four cirrhotic patients without portal-systemic shunting. Glucagon concentrations correlated closely in all three groups with the degree of ammonia intolerance. Elevations of plasma tyrosine, methionine and phenylalanine were observed in the cirrhotic group, whereas the levels of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine and isoleucine) were reduced. Hyperglucagonemia may contribute to the glucose intolerance observed in cirrho.