Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPIRULINA: THE BENEFICIAL ALGAE

Arthospira (spirulina) is a photosynthetic, spiral-shaped, multicellular and blue-green alga. Cell division occurs by binary fission. As it contains chlorophyll a, like higher plants botanist classify it as micro alga belonging to Cyanophceae class; but according to bacteriologists it is a bacterium due to its prokaryotic structure. Mexicans started using this microorganism as human food. Its chemical composition contains proteins (55%-70%), carbohydrates (15%-25%) and essential fatty acids (18%) vitamins, minerals and pigments like carotenes, chlorophyll and phycocyanin, pigments are used in food and cosmetic industries. Spirulina is considered as excellent food, lacking toxicity and have anticancer, antiviral, immunological properties and it also acts as a potent antioxidant. There has been a significant change in spirulina functions under stress conditions.
Elemental, Hf–Nd isotopic and geochronological constraints on an island arc sequence associated with the Cretaceous Caribbean plateau: Bonaire, Dutch Antilles

On the Caribbean margins, Upper Cretaceous oceanic plateaux fragments are juxtaposed with island arc fragments of a similar age; until this study, the relationship between them was unknown. This work represents the first detailed study of one such island arc sequence, the Bonaire Washikemba Formation (BWF). These rocks display typical arc-like trace element and Hf–Nd isotopic characteristics (negative Nb and Ta anomalies, qHf of +12 to +14, qNd of +6.5 to +8). They show no indication for the involvement of oceanic plateau material in their source. This is confirmed by binary mixing hyperbolae, which indicate that the Hf–Nd isotopic composition can be modelled by mixing of <1% of Pacific pelagic sediment with average Pacific MORB. Sr/Sr data for apatite mineral separates show significantly lower isotopic ratios than the whole rock, signifying that whole-rock Sr isotope ratios have been affected by alteration processes. New Ar–Ar ages indicate that the Formation is at least 96F4 Ma, which is older than the main phase of the Caribbean plateau (88–91 Ma). Together, the data presented in this study suggest that the Bonaire Washikemba Formation is part of an intra-oceanic arc unrelated to the Carribean plateau, but the Carribean plateau is probably indirectly responsible for the transport and ultimate preservation of this arc sequence. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Genomics relevant to the neuroanaesthesiologist

Moreover, the patient is exposed to multiple drugs in a short course of time perioperatively. We know that drug response variability is a major factor leading to perioperative adverse reactions, and genetic factors contribute to an estimated 50% of drug response variability. [7] This is because about 59% of drugs cited in adverse drug reactions are metabolised by at least one enzyme with a variant allele known to cause poor metabolism. [8,9] Hence, genomics should play an important role in the practice of anaesthesia today. This is of futuristic importance given projections that by 2020, the number of surgeries will increase by 25%, associated costs by 50% and likelihood of atherosclerotic‐related cardiac, cerebral and renal complications by 100%. [6,10,11] Personalised medicine may be the key to preventing these predictions from becoming true.
A Visual System for Grammar Instruction in Foreign Language Learning

Complementary to verbal explanations, visual techniques are often implemented in grammar instruction as input enhancement to help learners process information. Highlighting using typograhic features can help distinguish the structure in focus from its context, aiding information seeking and drawing attention to important features. Additionally, visual encoding can associate graphical traits with grammar categories to support the recognition of related structures and language patterns. An analysis of current grammar books for German as a foreign language has shown, however, that a combination of multiple encoding techniques representing coexistent grammar categories can be challenging to make sense of. The absence of an overall design strategy within a book generates inconsistent and sometimes conflicting grammar representations, which can lead to misunderstandings and create a hindered and fragmented learning experience. In order to avoid such conflicts, this research presents a visual design approach to grammar instruction that combines both techniques efficiently and introduces a visual system developed for German as a foreign language. In addition to indicating a word’s class, similar to Montessori Grammar Symbols, this system uses text appearance and symbols to indicate further grammar features relevant for non-native speakers, such as grammatical gender, case declension, verb tense, etc. By maintaining a consistent visual character, the intent is to foster structure recognition and comparison as well as pattern identification throughout all grammar representations. Initially developed for the German language, this systematic approach of associating grammar categories with visual features could be adapted to create visual systems for other languages.
Influence of monocotyl leaf anatomy on the feeding pattern of a grass-mining agromyzid (Diptera)

We examined the feeding pattern of the monophagous leaf miner Agromyza phraginitidis Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on Phragmites australis (Poaceae). The females of A. phragmitidis deposit their eggs in a clutch, mostly in the proximal part of the leaf, under the epidermis between 2 adjacent veins. When the larvae emerge, they immediately start feeding toward the leaf tip, and each larva forms an individual mine between 2 veins. The larvae are selective feeders; they feed mainly on the nutrient rich mesophyll between the veins. Tissues of low nutritional value (e.g., vascular tissues, sclerenchyma strands, and the epidermal tissues) are avoided. After the 1st instar, however, the larvae become too large to fit between the veins and are forced to cross them. Therefore, they consume the vasculate or a small part of it, depending on the sclerification of the vein type. We conclude that vein sclerification and arrangement are the most important factors influencing the feeding pattern and the resulting mine shape of the larvae of A. phragmitidis. This study strongly suggests that vein sclerification and arrangement, especially in grass leaves, may act as an effective barrier against herbivores or may reduce feeding rates, or both.
Second Test Of Cross-wiki Search: Helping More Users Discover Content On Wikipedia’s Sister Projects

Discovery’s Frontend and Backend Search teams ran an A/B test from 17 March 2017 to 27 March 2017 to assess the effectiveness of performing cross-wiki searches and showing results from sister projects (such as Wikisource and Wikiquote) to randomly selected users on Arabic, Catalan, French, German, Italian, Persian, Polish, and Russian Wikipedias. We found that relatively few users clicked on the cross-wiki results and that overall engagement varied greatly across the wikis. For example, Test group users were more likely to engage with their (cross-wiki and same-wiki) search results than the Control group were with their (same-wiki only) results on Arabic and Polish Wikipedias; counter-intuitively, the opposite was true on German and Italian Wikipedias. Given that we did observe a positive difference in engagement in 5 out of 8 wikis, Analysis’s recommendation is to move forward with the cross-wiki search project. That is, there does not appear to be overwhelming evidence that we should not continue with the cross-wiki search project, and we are left to wonder if – perhaps – there are cultural differences at play, but this would require research (see Discussion).
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Related to Smoking

Advanced age and smoking are the most important etiological causes in determining morbidity and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this case, a 83-year-old male patient developed ARDS with previous smoking history. The patient referred to the emergency service with a complaint of non-productive cough, progressive respiratory failure and orthopnea after smoking, and then a PA chest radiograph revealed two-sided common infiltration. Considering the likelihood of ARDS, biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP) was applied to the patient without any response, and therefore the patient was intubated and connected to mechanical ventilator. After improving ventilator parameters, the patient was taken from ventilator and and discharged from the hospital with a good general medical condition. We hereby stress out in this case presentation that people elder than 65 years old with a history of smoking are likely to develop ARDS.
VICTIMIZATION OF STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES OR ADHD (ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER)

The primary research objective of this research has been to investigate the relationship between the victimization of high school students and the existence of learning difficulties and ADHD. 700 students participated (with and without ADHD) who attended Gymnasiums of Western Thessaloniki in which integration departments operated. Participants anonymously completed a questionnaire on bullying. The results we quote here refer to the second part of the questionnaire that is completed only by those students who were victimized. According to the research activity so far, it was expected and finally confirmed that the variable existence of learning difficulties / ADHD is a predictor of the participation of these students in bullying incidents and even with the role of the victim [each increase in the percentage by one point (i.e. by 1 [each increase in the percentage by one point (i.e. by 1%) of the factor of learning disabilities and of the dep with a diagnosis the average value of the variable of a person falling victim to bullying increases by 1.21 points (p<0.001)]. Article visualizations:
Multiphase simulation of droplet dynamics by smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

In this work, simulating multiphase flows by implementing smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) as a mesh-free method is presented. The formulation is validated on test cases including droplet evolution, droplet coalescence and droplet splashing by taking surface tension force into account while a high density ratio exists between fluids. Results are presented for time variation of each object at variation intervals until equilibrium condition is approached.
University of Birmingham The attraction effect in motor planning decisions

In motor lotteries the probability of success is inherent in a person’s ability to make a speeded pointing movement. By contrast, in traditional economic lotteries, the probability of success is explicitly stated. Decision making with economic lotteries has revealed many violations of rational decision making models. However, with motor lotteries people’s performance is often near optimal, and is well described by statistical decision theory. We report the results of an experiment testing whether motor planning decisions exhibit the attraction effect, a well-known axiomatic violation of some rational decision models. The effect occurs when changing the composition of a choice set alters preferences between its members. We provide the first demonstration that people do exhibit the attraction effect when choosing between motor lotteries. We also found that people exhibited a similar sized attraction effect in motor and traditional economic paradigms. People’s near-optimal performance with motor lotteries is characterized by the efficiency of their decisions. In attraction effect experiments performance is instead characterized by the violation of an axiom. We discuss the extent that axiomatic and efficiency measures can provide insight in assessing the rationality of decision making.
Iterated Elimination and No Trade Theorem

No Trade Theorem,” presented by Milgrom and Stokey (1982), implies that purely speculative trades are impossible. The basic idea is that, if the participating agents are rational enough, each of them can reason that “the trade is acceptable for all of them only if the trade is acceptable for all of them only if $\ldots$ ,” and they will conclude that the trade is possible if and only if all of agents are indifferent between accepting and rejecting the trade. The rationality of the agents is usually represented by the assumption that the acceptability of the trade is “common knowledg\"e’’ between the agents. However, the concept of common knowledge does not exactly correspond to the iterated reasoning above. Common knowledge is knowledge without uncertainty while the agent who reasons iteratedly “the trade is acceptable only if $\cdots$ ” need not know whether the trade is actually acceptable or not. In this paper, we will introduce notions of the iterated reasoning and the acceptability of atrade instead of common knowledge, and show that our results contain usual No Trade Theorem. 1Introduction Milgrom and Stokey (1982) show the impossibility of the purely speculative trade. The main assumption used to derive their result is that it is common knowledge between the participating agents that all of them expect some gain from trading. In this paper, we will formulate the problem in another way, and generalize “No Trade Theorem” for the case in which it may not be common knowledge that all the agents prefer agiven speculative trade. The basic idea is that while it is not common knowledge that the trade is accepted by all, the iterated reasoning of the type “if each agent still wants to trade even when he knows that Iwant to trade 数理解析研究所講究録 1215巻 2001年 182-194 182
Analisis Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Kesambi (Schleira oleosa) Metode DPPH

Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) is one of the forest plants from Indonesia that has potential as medicine. Kesambi has active compounds that act as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of kesambi leaf as an antioxidant using the DPPH method. Samples of kesambi leaf were extracted in methanol, ethanol, and water solvents by the maceration method. The class of compounds contained in kesambi leaf was tested by the colour reaction test method for alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenols, steroids, saponins, and tannins. Antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH method to determine IC50 values. Based on the results of the colour reaction test showed that methanol and ethanol solvents were able to bind 6 classes of compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoid, phenols, saponins, and tannins) and water solvents were only able to bind 5 classes of compounds (flavonoids, triterpenoid, phenols, saponins, and tannins) contained in kesambi leaf. The results of antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method showed the lowest IC50 value was methanol extract (16,12µg/ml) compared to ethanol extract (20,43µg/ml) and water (904,28µg/ml). It was concluded that the leaf extract of kesambi has potential as an antioxidant and which has the best antioxidant ability was extracted in methanol. The class of compounds which were thought to be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the kesambi leaf extract based on the color reaction test were phenols, flavonoids and tannins. Keywords: antioxidant, kesambi, Schleichera oleosa, DPPH
Architecture and Prototypical Implementation for a Reactive and Distributed Conversion Server

The goal of this master thesis was the development and implementation of a new conversion server for conversion of digital content in the context of the Workrooms application of CELUM GmbH. CELUM is a vendor of digital asset management systems with focus on cloud-based web applications. Their platforms support the customers by creating, managing and/or publishing digital content and also provides versioning and synchronization features for available assets. The cloud platform Workrooms brings team collaboration to a new level by using CELUM’s new reactive platform. In contrast to the existing conversion server of their previous systems, the new system has to be based on a reactive architecture. Reactive systems are described by the Reactive Manifesto as flexible, loosely-coupled and scalable systems which stay responsive, resilient and elastic even under high load. Their architecture is message driven and relies on asynchronous event handling instead of synchronous, thread-based and blocking execution models. The new conversion server developed and described in this thesis is based on an asynchronous and reactive execution model. It allows defining and managing conversion tasks as well as to prioritize them based on the different task types. It supports scheduling of tasks based on meta-information and implements a preemptive scheduling strategy. Additionally, the implementation provides a first version of work/load balancing scheme by distributing the different tasks to multiple workers. The reactive conversion server has been integrated into the Workrooms application of CELUM.
The impact of the capital structure on Iraqi banks’ performance

The current paper aims to investigate the effect of the capital structure on the profitability of a panel of eighteen Iraqi listed banks from 2009 to 2018. Furthermore, the unbalanced panel data approach (fixed effect and random effect) is utilized to explore the influence of capital structure on banks’ profitability. This study’s findings point out that the banks’ performance in terms of return on assets has a significant positive association with equity to assets ratio, liabilities to assets ratio, and bank size. On the other hand, long-term debt to assets ratio, short-term debt to assets ratio, and total debt to assets ratio showed a significant negative effect on banks’ performance. This study highlights new facts for an enhanced understanding of the capital structure and its association with banks’ performance in developing economies like Iraq. This study is considered one of the earliest studies of its types by determining the Iraqi banks’ optimal structure and examining capital structure’s impact on their performance. Nevertheless, the study contributes significantly to theoretical literature, policymakers, and industry so that conventional Iraqi banks can boost their performance.
Morphological and physiological criteria for drought tolerance at seedling stage in wheat.

The current research work was conducted to identify drought tolerant wheat genotypes after passing through screening criteria at seedling stage in wheat. Fifty wheat genotypes were studied for Emergence percentage, Emergence Index, Emergence rate Index, Energy of emergence and Relative Cell Injury (RCI) under normal and drought conditions. The data regarding germination traits and relative cell injury exposed significant differences among genotypes (P>0.01). Out of 50 genotypes, eight were termed as drought tolerant, ten moderately drought tolerant and thirty two drought susceptible. Among drought tolerant group, Chakwal-50 was the most drought tolerant genotype followed by 6302 and Chakwal-86. Whereas in drought susceptible group, Lasani-08 was the most susceptible genotype followed by Faisalabad-08 and Sehar-06. Strongest correlation was observed between emergence index and emergence percentage. RCI had negative association with germination traits.
Population Dynamics and Household Savings: Evidence from the Philippines

The economic growth implications due to changes in the nation’s age structure have been substantial. In the course of the demographic transition, countries experience an increasing share of the working age population relative to the total population and this creates favorable effects on economic growth. The changing age structure also influences household saving rate. Household saving rate in the Philippines is one of the lowest in East Asia. This paper looks at the impact of the slow demographic transition in the Philippines on its aggregate household saving rate using panel data from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (1985 to 2003). The econometric model is based on the augmented life cycle model and the results suggest that the country’s population dynamics play an important role in its household saving rate. The Philippines’ rapid population growth formed a big bulge at the lower portion of the age pyramid that resulted in a higher percentage of young dependents. The data suggests that the country’s high population growth resulted in low household saving rate and consequently, low economic growth. The study also shows that remittances from migrant workers are a major source of aggregate household savings.
Text Signals Relevance Improvement for Full Text Search

Although web search has become a standard and often favored source of information finding many years ago, the task of searching relevance documents to given user query has still a lot of weak spaces need to be improved. This thesis is trying to find new text relevance signals to improve full-text search and user satisfaction via datasets provided by Seznam.cz. First of all, there is analyzed and evaluated major LTR algorithms, evaluation metrics and commonly used text signals known from literature. Second, system for testing and evaluation of new signals was designed and implemented and finally bunch of experiments over the new text signals were conducted and results were compared with anonymized baseline signals provided by Seznam.cz.
The IT Industry and Employment in India: A Critical Reassessment

The Indian IT industry has been regarded as a success of neoliberal economic reforms, driven by private initiative and export-oriented growth. Accordingly, employees of the IT industry that are symbolic of the ‘new India’ are seen as the aspirational new middle class, ‘different’ from the traditional working class. This article critically examines these claims. Firstly, it is argued that the development of the IT industry should be situated in the context of the larger development of capitalism in India. Secondly, through an analysis of narratives from interviews with workers during a period of industrial restructuring due to geopolitical concerns and technological change, the article attempts to understand workers’ perceptions of industrial dynamics as well as possibilities of collective resistance against the logic of capital.
Adsorption and desorption studies of Delonix regia pods and leaves: removal and recovery of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution

Abstract. In this study, the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions by powdered Delonix regia pods and leaves was investigated using batch adsorption techniques. The effects of operating conditions such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration and the presence of sodium ions interfering with the sorption process were investigated. The results obtained showed that equilibrium sorption was attained within 30 min of interaction, and an increase in the initial concentration of the adsorbate, pH and adsorbent dosage led to an increase in the amount of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions adsorbed. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for all metal ions' sorption. The equilibrium data fitted well with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms; the monolayer adsorption capacity (Q 0 mg g −1 ) of the Delonix regia pods and leaves was 5.88 and 5.77 mg g −1 for Ni(II) ions respectively and 9.12 and 9.01 mg g −1 for Cu(II) ions respectively. The efficiency of the powdered pods and leaves of Delonix regia with respect to the removal of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions was greater than 80 %, except for the sorption of Ni(II) ions onto the leaves. The desorption study revealed that the percentage of metal ions recovered from the pods was higher than that recovered from the leaves at various nitric acid concentrations. This study proves that Delonix regia biomass, an agricultural waste product (“agro-waste”), could be used to remove Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution.