Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantifying total choline-containing compounds in breast tumors by 1H MR spectroscopy using external reference solution at 1.5 T: Can it improve specificity for differentiating benign and malignant lesions on MR imaging?

Poster: "ECR 2011 / C-1762 / Quantifying total choline-containing compounds in breast tumors by 1H MR spectroscopy using external reference solution at 1.5 T: Can it improve specificity for differentiating benign and malignant lesions on MR imaging? " by: "W. Mizukoshi1, E. Kozawa2, K. Inoue1, Y. Okada1, T. Saeki1, F. Kimura1; 1Hidaka, Saitama/JP, 2Moroyama, Saitama/JP"
Minimax Optimal Regression over Sobolev Spaces via Laplacian Regularization on Neighborhood Graphs

In this paper we study the statistical properties of Laplacian smoothing, a graph-based approach to nonparametric regression. Under standard regularity conditions, we establish upper bounds on the error of the Laplacian smoothing estimator $\widehat{f}$, and a goodness-of-fit test also based on $\widehat{f}$. These upper bounds match the minimax optimal estimation and testing rates of convergence over the first-order Sobolev class $H^1(\mathcal{X})$, for $\mathcal{X}\subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ and $1 \leq d<4$; in the estimation problem, for $d = 4$, they are optimal modulo a $\log n$ factor. Additionally, we prove that Laplacian smoothing is manifold-adaptive: if $\mathcal{X} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ is an $m$-dimensional manifold with $m<d$, then the error rate of Laplacian smoothing (in either estimation or testing) depends only on $m$, in the same way it would if $\mathcal{X}$ were a full-dimensional set in $\mathbb{R}^d$.
DAG-Structured Clustering by Nearest Neighbors

Hierarchical clusterings compactly encode multiple granularities of clusters within a tree structure. Hierarchies, by deﬁnition, fail to capture di ↵ erent ﬂat partitions that are not subsumed in one another. In this paper, we advocate for an alternative structure for representing multiple clusterings, a directed acyclic graph (DAG). By allowing nodes to have multiple parents, DAG structures are not only more ﬂexible than trees, but also allow for points to be members of multiple clusters. We describe a scalable algorithm, Llama , which simply merges nearest neighbor substructures to form a DAG structure. Llama discovers structures that are more accurate than state-of-the-art tree-based techniques while remaining scalable to large-scale clustering benchmarks. Additionally, we support the proposed algorithm with theoretical guarantees on separated data, including types of data that cannot be correctly clustered by tree-based algorithms.
Fonctionnalité in vivo d’un endothélium cornéen reconstitué par injection de cellules endothéliales cornéennes dans la chambre antérieure d’un modèle félin

Introduction : Malgre leur etat non-proliferatif in vivo, les cellules endotheliales corneennes (CEC) peuvent etre amplifiees in vitro. Leur transplantation subsequente par injection intracamerale pourrait surmonter la penurie de tissus associee a l’allo-greffe traditionnelle – l’unique traitement definitif disponible pour les endotheliopathies corneennes. Objectif : Evaluer la fonctionnalite d’un endothelium corneen reconstitue par injection de CEC dans la chambre anterieure du felin. Methodes : Les yeux droits de 16 animaux ont ete operes. Huit ont ete desendothelialises centralement avec injection de 2x10e5 (n=4) ou 1x10e6 (n=4) CEC felines supplementees avec Y-27632 et marquees avec SP-DiOC18(3). Deux ont ete desendothelialises completement et injectes avec 1x10e6 CEC et Y-27632. Six controles ont ete desendothelialises centralement (n=3) ou completement (n=3) et injectes avec Y-27632 sans CEC. La performance clinique, l’integrite anatomique, le phenotype fonctionnel et l’expression de SP-DiOC18(3) du nouvel endothelium ont ete etudies. Resultats : Les cornees greffees avec 2x10e5 CEC et les controles desendothelialises centralement ont reussi le mieux cliniquement. Les controles desendothelialises completement sont restes opaques. L’histopathologie a revele une monocouche endotheliale fonctionnelle dans les cornees greffees avec 2x10e5 CEC et les controles desendothelialises centralement, une multicouche endotheliale non-fonctionnelle dans les cornees desendothelialisees centralement et greffees avec 1x10e6 CEC, et un endothelium fibrotique non-fonctionnel dans les cornees desendothelialisees completement. L’expression de SP-DiOC18(3) etait rare dans les greffes. Conclusion : La therapie par injection cellulaire a reconstitue un endothelium partiellement fonctionnel, auquel les CEC injectees n’ont contribue que peu. L’injection de Y-27632 sans CEC a reconstitue l’endothelium le plus sain. Des etudes additionnelles investiguant l’effet therapeutique de Y-27632 seul sont justifiees.
Experiences and Challenges in Single Fatherhood: A Literature Review on Single, Custodial Fathers

Households led by single, custodial fathers (SCFs) are increasing in the United States, so the need for further research into this population is critical. To best serve this population, it is important for social work professionals to understand the challenges facing these families, their unique experiences, and the best practices. For this purpose, 33 academic journal articles about SCFs were reviewed and the following seven areas were discussed: (1) fatherhood experiences, (2) overall challenges for SCFs, (3) overall perception of SCFs, (4) economic impact, (5) deviance of youth, (6) academic achievement of the children of SCFs, and (7) applicable interventions. This population was examined through the lens of the social work profession and comparisons were drawn between this family configuration and other family dynamics, specifically single, custodial mothers (SCMs). Findings showed that SCFs experience bias from the public and social work profession and legal, economic, and parenting challenges. More research is needed particularly in specific interventions for SCFs. Suggestions for social work practice include looking past gender biases and stereotypes, recognizing the cultural diversity in this population, and improving educational opportunities and self-efficacy.
Nutritional Education and Its Effects on Household Food Insecurity in Southeastern Iran

Background: Food insecurity can affect health directly or indirectly through its impact on nutritional status. We aimed at determining the effects of nutrition education intervention on household food insecurity in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Methods: The study was conducted using multi-stage sampling method. The first stage was a cross-sectional investigation whereby 2,160 households were studied in Zahedan in 2015. The prevalence of food insecurity was determined and food-insecure households were identified. Household food security status was assessed through the 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. In the second stage, based on the determined sample size of 150 households in each group, eligible households were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. Before the educational intervention, questionnaires including demographic and socioeconomic information were completed for both groups. Then, data analysis was performed and the intervention was conducted on the intervention group. Six months post-intervention, a final assessment was made by interviewing the two groups to complete demographic, socioeconomic, and household food security questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of food insecurity in the 2,160 households was 58.8%. After the intervention, the number of food-insecure households diminished by 22% in the intervention group, and these households were assigned to the food secure category. After controlling the confounding variables, the educational intervention was significantly effective in reducing food insecurity score (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings demonstrated the beneficial role of nutritional education and the skills of resource management in modifying nutritional behaviors and improving food security in the study population.
Prevalence of obesity and the association of overweight with selected factors and anthropometric measures among children attending preschools in MOH areas of Colombo Municipal Districts 4(D4) and 5 (D5)

Background Childhood obesity increases the risk of obesity in adulthood and is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors. The roots of the obesity epidemic need to be tracked back as early in life as possible. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and to describe the association of overweight with selected factors and anthropometric measures among children attending preschools. Method Preschool children (n=431) in MOH areas of Colombo Municipal District 4 and 5 were selected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Information was collected from the parent/guardian of the study population by using an interviewer -administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken from the selected preschool children. Data was entered in IBM-SPSS version 20 and a chi-squared test was used to determine associations Results Overall prevalence of obesity and overweight (including obesity) among children attending preschools in MOH areas of Colombo Municipal District 4 and 5 were 1.7% and 4.37% respectively. Age of the study population was significantly (p<0.01) associated to the preschool children overweight. Age, birth weight and weight at 6 months were significantly associated at 0.01 level (p<0.01). Waist circumference, hip circumference, mid upper arm circumference, waist to hip ratio, mid upper-arm circumference to height were significantly (p<0.001) associated anthropometric measures to the preschool children overweight. Conclusions This study was shown the increased prevalence of preschool children overweight, associated factors, and anthropometric measures for overweight in the Colombo Municipal Districts 4 and 5 for early intervention.
Afaan Oromo Fake News Detection Using Natural Language Processing and Passive-Aggressive

— The main objective of this study is to develop Afaan Oromo fake news detection system. The designed system involves preprocessing like tokenization, Normalization, stop word removing and abbreviation resolving, feature extraction-like Term-Frequency-inverted document frequency, term frequency, and hash to know word importance that appears in the news and word appears in the corpus and N-grams which are a powerful Natural Language Processing technique in order to capture semantic and syntactic sequences was also used. All possible combination of features extraction techniques and natural processing techniques were used with a passive-aggressive classification algorithm. Passive-Aggressive performs 97.2% with a classification error of 2.8% which was better than ensemble algorithms like gradient boosting and random forest and linear classifier like multinomial Naïve Bayes. Finally, a python Django was used for the web-based deployment of the model system using the Term Frequency-Inverted Document Frequency feature extraction with unigram and Passive aggressive classification algorithm.
Reproductive and Menstrual Risk Factors for Endometriosis Disease: A Case-Control Study

Objectives: The endometriosis prevalence in the general population is about 7%-10%. In 30% of women, endometriosis is one of the causes of primary and secondary infertility. There are various risk factors for this disease. The present study aimed to determine the reproductive and menstrual risk factors of endometriosis. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 185 women of reproductive age with confirmed endometriosis were compared with 370 women of reproductive age who referred to the same center for other problems in terms of reproductive and menstruation risk factors for endometriosis. The two groups were matched for age. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on previous studies. Finally, bivariate analysis was done by the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis was performed by the conditional logistic regression for controlling confounder variables. Results: Based on multivariate logistic regression, early menarche age (P=0.004), no history of pregnancy (P<0.001), no child (P=0.002), no lactation history (P<0.001), high age of the first lactation (P=0.029), short duration of breastfeeding (P=0.015), no regular menstruation (P<0.001), short intervals between menstrual bleedings (P=0.016), prolonged menstruation (P<0.001), dysmenorrhea (P<0.001), dyspareunia (P<0.001), and recurrent vaginitis (P<0.001) had a significant relationship with endometriosis. Conclusions: In general, there was a relationship between some reproductive and menstrual characteristics and endometriosis. Therefore, it seems that these characteristics can predict the occurrence of endometriosis disease.
QSAR studies and molecular shape analysis of azonafide derivatives as topoisomerase II inhibitors

Topoisomerase II inhibitor (2-[2'-(dimethylamino) ethyl]-1,2 dihydro-3H-dibenz (d, e, h) isoquinoline-1,3-dione) derivatives as potential anticancer molecule were subjected to quantitative structure activity relationship analysis. Transition melts temperatures (ATm) of DNA binding strength and other physicochemical descriptors were correlated with the biological activity (melanoma, ovarian cancer and leukemia). The result shows that transition melt temperatures, superdelocalizability, heat of formation, hydrophobic character and C10-charge density are Important for the biological activity. From the quantitative structure activity relationship analysis studies, it was noticed that the hydrophobic character and C10-charge play an Important role in biological activity of 8-substituted and 9 and 10-substituted azonafides. It indicates that a particular charge density distribution is required for better biological activity of the compound. Molecular shape analysis suggests that there is less difference in non-common overlap steric volume while comparing biological activity with reference compound. The higher carbon chain at 8 t h and 10 t h position will result in Increased hydrophobicity and In turn will have better biological activity.
Online trajectory analysis with scalable event recognition

Moving object monitoring is becoming essential for companies and organizations that need to manage thousands or even millions of commercial vehicles or vessels, detect dangerous situations (e.g., collisions or malfunctions) and optimize their behavior. It is a task that must be executed in real-time, reporting any such situations or opportunities as soon as they appear. Given the growing sizes of fleets worldwide, a monitoring system must be highly efficient and scalable. It is becoming an increasingly common requirement that such monitoring systems should be able to automatically detect complex situations, possibly involving multiple moving objects and requiring extensive background knowledge. Building a monitoring system that is both expressive and scalable is a significant challenge. Typically, the more expressive a system is, the less flexible it becomes in terms of its parallelization potential. We present a system that strikes a balance between expressiveness and scalability. Our proposed system employs a formalism that allows analysts to define complex patterns in a user-friendly manner while maintaining un-ambiguous semantics and avoiding ad hoc constructs. At the same time, depending on the problem at hand, it can employ different parallelization strategies in order to address the issue of scalability. Our experimental results show that our system can detect complex patterns over moving entities with minimal latency, even when the load on our system surpasses what is to be realistically expected in real-world scenarios.
Sattvic diet and all-cause mortality: a systematic review

A sattvic diet is a diet characterized by a moderate intake of food that is not reheated and is only eaten twice daily. It is mentioned in ancient Hindu scriptures such as the Srimad Bhagavad-gita. This paper aims to compare foods and habits considered to be sattvic with those considered to be rajasic and tamasic (those outside of the diet) in regard to all-cause mortality. Because of the many variable factors of all three diets, specific words mentioned in the texts were used to search Google Scholar, Agricola, Medline, Food Science Source, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library Online, PubMed, Health Source, Ovid Nursing & Health Profession Journals, Health Source, and Europe PMC databases along with the following keywords: mortality, allcause mortality. Results were selected by title, then abstract, then full-text. Twelve results were included in relation to all-cause mortality. Sixty-five mixed results showed associations between different factors in a sattvic diet and health risks/benefits found. The resulting information did not lead to an association between all-cause mortality and a sattvic diet. Further studies are necessary to better understand and present the totality of a sattvic diet and its relation to mortality in general.
Maternal Prenatal History And Consanguinity Among Families Of Children With Down Syndrome: A Retrospective Case Control Study

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. Many studies reported the relationship between antenatal history of spontaneous abortion and the risk of having DS children. Consanguineous marriage is common and preferrable in most of the Arabic countries, but its relation to DS remains controversial. Objective: Evaluating the association between antenatal maternal history, spontaneous abortions and consanguineous marriage in relation to the risk of giving DS live births. Subjects and Methods: This case control study included 306 patients diagnosed as DS, and their caregivers, presented to Clinical Genetics clinic, Cairo University Children Hospitals, from February 2018 to February 2020. The patients ages ranged from 1 to 5 years old and 306 families with healthy children as controls. They were evaluated by full history and examination. Results: Among DS children 67.6% were males, 22% of mothers of DS gave history of antenatal illness. History of previous spontaneous abortions was statistically significant higher among mothers with DS children with P- value
Vector Quotient Filters: Overcoming the Time/Space Trade-Off in Filter Design

Today's filters, such as quotient, cuckoo, and Morton, have a trade-off between space and speed; even when moderately full (e.g., 50%-75% full), their performance degrades nontrivially. The result is that today's systems designers are forced to choose between speed and space usage. In this paper, we present the vector quotient filter (VQF). Locally, the VQF is based on Robin Hood hashing, like the quotient filter, but uses power-of-two-choices hashing to reduce the variance of runs, and thus offers consistent, high throughput across load factors. Power-of-two-choices hashing also makes it more amenable to concurrent updates, compared to the cuckoo filter and variants. Finally, the vector quotient filter is designed to exploit SIMD instructions so that all operations have O (1) cost, independent of the size of the filter or its load factor. We show that the vector quotient filter is 2× faster for inserts compared to the Morton filter (a cuckoo filter variant and state-of-the-art for inserts) and has similar lookup and deletion performance as the cuckoo filter (which is fastest for queries and deletes), despite having a simpler design and implementation. The vector quotient filter has minimal performance decline at high load factors, a problem that has plagued modern filters, including quotient, cuckoo, and Morton. Furthermore, we give a thread-safe version of the vector quotient filter and show that insertion throughput scales 3× with four threads compared to a single thread.
to in rural are results from a national survey of doctors

International Abstract Objectives: Rural communities worldwide are increasingly reliant on International Medical Graduates (IMGs) to provide health care access, with many countries utilising health policies which mandate IMGs to practice only in rural designated areas of (medical) workforce shortage for many years. The objective of this study is to analyse the satisfaction of IMGs in their current work location, particularly in relation to the effect of mandating IMGs to small rural communities. Methods: We used data of 3502 general practitioners (GPs) from wave 2 of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal study of Australian doctors. The main outcome measures were the level of professional and non-professional satisfaction expressed by GPs with respect to various job and social aspects. Results: We found that non-professional satisfaction of mandated IMGs was significantly lower across all social aspects, whilst professional satisfaction was also significantly lower for most job aspects relating to their professional autonomy. In contrast, non-mandated IMGs were similarly satisfied compared to Australian trained GPs. Conclusions: Mandated IMGs are currently filling a critical shortage in rural areas of Australia. However, long-term success of this policy is problematic unless outstanding issues affecting their significantly reduced professional and non-professional satisfaction can be addressed.
SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with non-fatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage

Purpose: Whereas single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images obtained 180 min after administration of I-iomazenil (late images) are proportional to the distribution of central benzodiazepine receptor binding potential, SPECT images obtained within 30 min after I-iomazenil administration (early images) correlate with regional brain perfusion. The aim of the present study was to determine whether crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage I-iomazenil SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with non-fatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage. Methods: Forty-six patients underwent early and late SPECT imaging with Iiomazenil within 7 days after the onset of hemorrhage. A region of interest (ROI) was automatically placed in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres using a threedimensional stereotaxic ROI template, and the ratio of the value in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to the affected side to that in the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere (ARcbl) were calculated in each patient. Each patient’s physical function was measured using the modified Rankin scale score (mRS) 3 months after onset. Results: ARcbl on early (ρ = −0.511; P = 0.0003) and late (ρ = −0.714; P < 0.0001) images correlated with the mRS 3 months after the onset of hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis showed that only a low ARcbl in late images was significantly associated with a poor functional outcome (mRS 3 at 3 months after onset) (95% confidence intervals, 0.001 to 0.003; P = 0.0212). Conclusion: Crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage I-iomazenil SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with non-fatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic