Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Náusea y vómito postoperatorio en anestesia regional

Los avances en las técnicas quirúrgicas menos invasivas, el uso de anestesia general (AG) con fármacos de corta acción y el mayor énfasis sobre el egreso de los pacientes el mismo día de la cirugía, ha contribuido a un incremento en el número de cirugías realizadas de forma ambulatoria(1,2). Para el alta del paciente a su domicilio después de cirugía se deben cubrir ciertos criterios incluyendo dolor mínimo comparado con el basal preoperatorio y sin náusea y vómito postoperatorio (NVPO)(3), capaz de deambular apropiadamente al igual que expectoración apropiada aún cuando se usan las técnicas de anestesia regional (AR)(4), estabilidad hemodinámica y rápida recuperación de la sedación del bloqueo neuroaxial. La NVPO es un evento perioperatorio importante para manejar debido a que tiene una incidencia alta y puede causar signifi cante morbilidad incluyendo deshidratación, desequilibrio electrolítico, tensión sobre las líneas de sutura, hipertensión, sangrado, ruptura esofágica, sangrado y compromiso de la vía aérea(5-9). Los efectos adversos de la NVPO afectan la satisfacción y calidad de vida del paciente, mientras que retrasa el alta y crea admisiones no programadas al hospital(10-14). El presente escrito organiza la literatura actual con respecto a los efectos de la AR sobre la NVPO por el tipo de cirugía (cirugía ortopédica y cirugía general) y por el tipo de bloqueo regional (extremidad superior, inferior y paravertebral). También se revisa el impacto de la AR sobre el control del dolor postoperatorio debido a que el dolor tratado inadecuadamente es bien conocido como factor de riesgo para NVPO (Cuadro I).
Recovery From a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) are a serious medical emergency, as 30% to 50% of all SAHs can result in death. Personal accounts and case studies are an important aspect of evidence-based practice. This first article of two presents a review of AB’s (patient) condition immediately following an SAH in the intensive care and immediately post discharge, that is, Days 1 through 22. An SAH shares many similarities with other neurological traumas such as a cerebral vascular accident, meningitis, and/or traumatic brain injury. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in medical settings have worked with patients and families with these types of disorders. Therefore, SLPs should be well equipped to assist with SAH issues from their existing knowledge and experiences.
Effectiveness of different resuscitation methods for severe uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in a dog model

Purpose: To compare the effects of pituitrin resuscitation, hypertonic saline resuscitation and limited fluid resuscitation on a novel dog model of severe uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UCHS). Methods: Severe UCHS was produced in healthy Chinese dogs (n = 24) using a standard method. The hemorrhaged dogs were randomly divided into three groups of 8 dogs each: vasopressin group (group A), hypertonic saline group (group B), and low-volume fluid resuscitation group (group C). Group A received pituitrin at an initial dose of 0.1U/kg intravenously, which was thereafter reduced to 0.04 U/kg/min. Group B dogs received 7.5 % hypertonic saline (6 mL/kg), while dogs in group C were treated with 6 % hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 200/0.5. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the dogs was maintained between 50 and 55 mmHg, and after 1 h, full-volume resuscitation was administered. Hemodynamic parameters, blood gas, levels of inflammatory factors and blood loss were assessed at different time points. Results: Compared with group A, hemodynamic parameters in group B were higher; hematocrit of group B was lower; IL-10 of groups B and C were reduced, but TNF-α, TNF-α/IL-10 and ACTH were elevated (p < 0.05). Relative to group C, base deficits in groups A and B were low. During uncontrolled hemorrhage phase, blood loss in group B was higher than that in other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that pituitrin resuscitation produces relatively optimal effect through effective maintenance of coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and reduction of inflammatory responses.
Optimization of flexible spectrum in optical transport networks

The ever-increasing demand for broadband services by end-user devices utilising 3G/4G/LTE and the projected 5G in the last mile will require sustaining broadband supply from fibre-linked terminals. The eventual outcome of the high demand for broadband is strained optical and electronic devices. The backbone optical fibre transport systems and techniques such as dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), higher modulation formats, coherent detection and signal amplification have increased both fibre capacity and spectrum efficiency. A major challenge to fibre capacity and spectrum efficiency is fibre-faults and optical impairments, network management, routing and wavelength assignment (RWA). In this study, DWDM and flexible spectrum techniques such as wavelength assignment and adjustment, wavelength conversion and switching, optical add and drop multiplexing (OADM) and bitrate variable transmission have been experimentally optimized in a laboratory testbed for shortand long-haul optical fibre networks. This work starts by experimentally optimising different transmitters, fibre-types and receivers suitable for implementing cost effective and energy efficient flexible spectrum networks. Vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and distributed feedback (DFB) lasers have been studied to provide up to 10 Gb/s per channel in 1310 nm and 1550 nm transmission windows. VCSELs provide wavelength assignment and adjustment. This work utilises the non-return-to-zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) modulation technique and direct detection due to their cost and simplicity. By using positive intrinsic negative (PIN) photo-receivers with error-free BER sensitivity of -18±1 dBm at the acceptable 10-bit error rate (BER) threshold level, unamplified transmission distances between 6 km and 76 km have been demonstrated using G.652 and G.655 single mode fibres (SMFs). For the first time, an all optical VCSEL to VCSEL wavelength conversion, switching, transmission at the 1550 nm window and BER evaluation of a NRZ data signal is experimentally demonstrated. With VCSEL wavelength conversion and switching, wavelength adjustments to a spectrum width of 4.8 nm (600 GHz) can be achieved to provide alternative routes to signals when fibre-cuts and wavelength collision occurs therefore enhancing signal continuity. This work also demonstrates a technique of removing and adding a wavelength in a bundle of DWDM and flexible channels using an OADM. This has been implemented using a VCSEL and a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) providing a wavelength isolation ratio of 31.4 dB and ~0.3 dB add/drop penalty of 8.5 Gb/s signal. As a result, an OADM improves spectrum efficiency by offering wavelength re-use.
Factors influencing the adoption of information communication technology (ICT): In selected, rated, hotels in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Information communication technology has important impact in our day to day activities. ICT to be recognized it has to be diffused in the community to see and get its effects. Adoption of ICT has become a key enabler of technology readiness in many countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing adoption of ICT in star rated hotels with focus on 3,4 and 5 star hotels in Addis Ababa. Thus, the study investigates how organizational, manager’s ICT knowledge, technology innovation and environmental factors influencing ICT adoption in management of hotels. The study used both primary and secondary data. Questionnaire was adopted from a similar study and passed reliability test. Descriptive, correlation and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. Finding revealed that Organizational related factors, Manger’s ICT knowledge, Technology innovation factors and Environmental factors were influenced the adoption of ICT in the hotel management. Technology innovation determines ICT adoption in hotel management to a great extent followed by Environmental factors, ICT knowledge of Owner’s/Managers and Organizational factor. It is recommended that the owners/mangers of the hotel needs to understand the benefit of adopting the ICT and make the technology easier to their customers and employees for sustainable ICT adoption.
The individual and combined effects of exercise and collagenase on the rodent Achilles tendon

Dirks RC, Fearon AM, Scott A, Galley MR, Koch LG, Britton SL, Warden SJ (2013) The effects of uphill treadmill running and collagenase on rodent Achilles tendons [Abstract]. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(9): e2. Dirks RC, Ellis SN, Clifton AM, Fuchs RK, Robling AG, Warden SJ (2011) Muscle forces directly influence bone adaptation: 1269: Board #5 June 1 9:30 AM – 11:00 AM [Abstract]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 43(5) Suppl 1: 245.
Big Data Dwarfs: Towards Fully Understanding Big Data Analytics Workloads

Though the big data benchmark suites like BigDataBench and CloudSuite have been used in architecture and system researches, we have not yet answered the fundamental issue-- what are abstractions of frequently-appearing units of computation in big data analytics, which we call big data dwarfs. For the first time, we identify eight big data dwarfs, each of which captures the common requirements of each class of unit of computation while being reasonably divorced from individual implementations among a wide variety of big data analytics workloads. We implement the eight dwarfs on different software stacks as the dwarf components. We present the application of the big data dwarfs to construct big data proxy benchmarks using the directed acyclic graph (DAG)-like combinations of the dwarf components with different weights to mimic the benchmarks in BigDataBench. Our proxy benchmarks shorten the execution time by 100s times on the real systems while they are qualified for both earlier architecture design and later system evaluation across different architectures.
Avaliação de resíduo de antibiótico em amostras de leite de vacas após a terapia de vacas secas

The present study aimed to assess antibiotic residues in milk from animals treated in the pre-term period. A total of 47 animals from dairy farms in Rondonia, Brazil, were used for treatment with commercially available antibiotics especific to the dry period (cloxacillinbenzathine and spiramycin associated to neomycin) and during the lactation period (ceftiofur hydrochloride) at 60 and 30 days after delivery, respectively, in a single application. The detection of antimicrobial residues was performed using the commercial microbiologic kit Eclipse 50 (ZEU-Inmunotec®, Zaragoza). The results showed antibiotic residues in 3.44% of animals treated with cloxacillinbenzathine, in 12.50% of animals treated with spiramycin/neomycin, and in 10% of animals treated with ceftiofur hydrochloride. The period indicated for milk consumption after therapy was 30 days for lactation antibiotic products and 60 days for dry cow therapy. The occurrence of the antibiotic residues in milk is a risk to public health and for the contamination of milk products.
Multilevel rram design using confinement of conducting Filament

There are several types of electronic memory employed across the globe for a huge variety of applications. These include fast, volatile technologies such as SRAM and DRAM, and slower, non-volatile technologies such as NAND and NOR Flash. These memories, however, are limited in their scaling opportunities by their internal charge-based operation. There are multiple upcoming memories including RRAM, PCRAM, FeRAM, MRAM etc. which attempt to combine non-volatility with speed, while being non-charge based. Out of these, RRAM is a promising device which exhibits very high speeds, is highly scaleable and has low power consumption. Some issues such as variability still exist in the RRAM device, which are currently under heavy research. A vast literature exists in the domain of resistive random access memory and we have attempted to amalgamate the research by writing a review paper on the same. After reviewing the research, we have implemented multilevel RRAM operation on a novel software called SIM2RRAM.
The Impact of Appropriate Use of Coronary Cardiac Computed Tomography on Downstream Resource Utilization and Patient Management

The Impact of Appropriate Use of Coronary Cardiac Computed Tomography on Downstream Resource Utilization and Patient Management Background: The effects of appropriate use (AUC) of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) on downstream resource utilization, coronary angiography, revascularization, and medication changes are not well studied in daily practice. Methods: Single center study to address AUC CCTA impact on downstream resource utilization. CCTA studies classified according to 2010 AUC as appropriate, inappropriate, or uncertain and its impact on downstream resource utilization and management was evaluated at 90 days and 1 year. Results: Overall, 402 (87.8%) of the studies were appropriate, 37 (8.1%) were inappropriate, and 19 (4.2%) were uncertain. Additional cardiac testing at 90 days (5.2% vs. 10.8%, p=0.149) and 12 months (13.9% vs. 21.6%, p=0.205) were similar among all 3 groups. Significantly more patients in the inappropriate group underwent coronary angiography (21.6% vs. 9.7%, p=0.045), but revascularization rates were similar (8.1% vs. 5.0%, p=0.43). There was greater cardiac medication initiation once coronary artery disease was detected by CCTA (52.4% vs. 5.5%, p<0.0001) overall. Conclusions: Our study did not show a downstream impact of AUCbased CCTA with regards to diagnostic testing or revascularization; however, higher referral for coronary angiography was found in the inappropriate group likely reflecting intrinsic higher risk group inappropriately referred to CCTA. Cardiac medication initiation to reduce perceived future risk was detected across all groups when coronary artery disease was detected by CCTA. Individual practices should audit their CCTA performance using AUC to identify areas for improvement in utilization of CCTA.
Effects of Temperature on the Tribological Properties of NM600 under Sliding Wear

An investigation on the tribological properties of GCr15 sliding against NM600 was carried out using a high-temperature friction and wear tester. As the temperature rose from room temperature to 300 °C, the average friction coefficient of NM600 increased rapidly, then decreased rapidly, and then became stable. The wear volume and specific wear rate of NM600 increased rapidly, then decreased rapidly, and then increased slowly. The wear mechanism and matrix properties of the tested steel at different temperatures are the main reasons for the above results. At 20–50 °C, the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear, fatigue wear, and abrasive wear. At 100–150 ℃, the wear mechanism was mainly adhesive wear, fatigue wear, abrasive wear, and oxidation wear. At 200–300 °C, the wear mechanism was mainly oxidation wear and abrasive wear.
Java is Not Syntax-safe – Apparently ∗

Using a mechanized process, we have reverse-engineered the relationships between the 6 different grammars that are contained in 3 versions of the Java Language Speci-ﬁcation (JLS). To this end, we have extracted the grammars from (the HTML representation of) the JLS, and we have systematically resolved or captured all accidental or intended differences by grammar transformations. The project reveals a considerable number of problems with the grammars such as productions that did not deﬁne the intended language.
Logická syntéza založená na obecných operátorech

Abstrakt—V článku je představena nová reprezentace logických obvodů pomocí Xor-And-Invertor grafů (XAIG) v syntézních algoritmech. XAIG jsou založeny na And-Invertor grafech, orientovaných acyklických grafech, kde uzly představují dvouvstupá hradla AND či XOR a hrany mohou být negované. Nad reprezentací XAIG byl reimplementován syntézní algoritmus rewrite pro nástroj ABC. Reprezentace s více typy uzlů přinesla nová rozhodnutí, která algoritmus musí činit, proto je možné algoritmus ovlivňovat několika parametry, jejichž vliv jsme porovnali na sadě benchmarků. Výsledky dosavadní práce také ukazují, že nový algoritmus je schopen detekovat více XORů než původní algoritmus, a přestože celkově lepší výsledky přináší jen pro podmnožinu testovaných obvodů, možnosti k vylepšení algoritmu jsou známy a shrnuty v závěru článku.
Specializing a Meta-Interpreter

DynSem is a domain-specific language for concise specification of the dynamic semantics of programming languages, aimed at rapid experimentation and evolution of language designs. DynSem specifications can be executed to interpret programs in the language under development. To enable fast turnaround during language development, we have developed a meta-interpreter for DynSem specifications, which requires minimal processing of the specification. In addition to fast development time, we also aim to achieve fast run times for interpreted programs. In this paper we present the design of a meta-interpreter for DynSem and report on experiments with JIT compiling the application of the meta-interpreter on the Graal VM. By interpreting specifications directly, we have minimal compilation overhead. By specializing pattern matches, maintaining call-site dispatch chains and using native control-flow constructs we gain significant run-time performance. We evaluate the performance of the meta-interpreter when applied to the Tiger language specification running a set of common benchmark programs. Specialization enables the Graal VM to JIT compile the meta-interpreter giving speedups of up to factor 15 over running on the standard Oracle Java VM.
Ship Energy Consumption Evaluation for Mitigation Measures Using Back-Propagation Neural Network

As the main mode of transportation for international trade, shipping has a large volume of transportation and low freight rate, but there are problems of large fuel consumption and large emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to take some mitigation measures to save energy and reduce emissions. Many mitigation measures have been proposed based on various factors affecting ship energy consumption. To assess the performance of these mitigation measures, the energy savings of these measures have to be evaluated. Due to the complexity of the ship energy system, these factors are of different importance and may be related each other. In this paper, several influencing factors have been chosen to assess the effects of different mitigation measures on ship energy consumption, including ship conditions (speed, draft, trim, cargo volume) and weather conditions (wind, wave). A chemical tanker is taken as the research object to analyze the ship energy system and an artificial neural network model is applied to predict and evaluate the energy consumption for different mitigation measures. Moreover, various adjustments are made to the neural network structure, and the accuracy of different structures is compared based on their prediction results. The optimal neural network structure is further identified for ship energy consumption’s prediction and evaluation.
The Effect of Resident Training in the Operating Room

Medical students wanting to be surgeons have a long road of training that only grows with advancing technology and an expanding range of diseases. Faced with duty hour restrictions, today’s residents are experiencing a shift from the traditional training paradigm—instead of learning all basic skills in the operating room (OR), some are being developed with simulation training outside the OR. In order to create a curriculum with an effective blend between operating duties and simulation, it’s important that there’s an understanding of the effect of resident involvement in the OR. Then, a more accurate simulation/education curriculum can be created that will maximize quality and efficiency of training and begin to reduce adverse effects of intraoperative resident involvement (complications, time, and cost). In an effort to determine these effects at the Mayo Clinic, 324 laparoscopic cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) cases from 2010-2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All cases were performed by one general surgeon with or without a post-graduate year three surgery resident. There were 174 cases with resident involvement and 150 without. Overall, OR time was significantly greater with a resident (88 ± 30 min versus 57 ± 22 min by surgeon only (t(311)=10.33, p<0.0001); however, there were no differences in complications (χ=0.026; p=0.436). Excluding high-risk patients, there were 117 cases with resident involvement and 89 without. Again, operative duration was longer with a resident (88 ± 23 min versus 54 ± 22 min surgeon only (t(192)=8.97, p<0.0001); but, no differences in complications were seen (χ=0.102, p=0.370). While a longer operative duration with resident involvement translates into larger costs, no statistically significant difference in complications is quite encouraging. Educators can now modify their simulation/education curriculum to include more laparoscopic fundamentals—potentially reducing the amount of time spent in the OR learning the basics of laparoscopy—as well as adding sessions that include common GS procedures (like LC and laparoscopic appendectomy). The addition of laparoscopic stations in assessments would also be beneficial to ensure residents are meeting competency standards before they can operate. The ultimate goal of these modifications is to create surgeons who are both efficient and effective in the OR: reducing operative duration without risking patient safety.
Ja n 20 18 Hom-center-symmetric algebras and bialgebras

In this work, the hom-center-symmetric algebras are constructed and discussed. Their bimodules, dual bimodules and matched pairs are defined. The relation between the dual bimodules of hom-center-symmetric algebras and the matched pairs of hom-Lie algebras is established. Furthermore, the Manin triple of hom-center-symmetric algebras is given. Finally, a theorem linking the matched pairs of hom-center-symmetric algebras, the hom-center-symmetric bialgebras and the matched pairs of sub-adjacent hom-Lie algebras is provided.
Determination of the optimum time for preparation of half-boiled eggs free from Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis / Mohamad Fithri Akmar Omar … [et al.]

Consuming half-boiled eggs during breakfast is popular among Malaysians. The eggs are usually prepared by submerging them in freshly boiled water for about 20 minutes duration. As chickens have the likelihood of harbouring Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in their eggs, it is feared that consumption of half-boiled eggs contaminated with S. Enteritidis could lead to gastroenteritis. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the optimum time required for boiled water to kill S. Enteritidis in half-boiled eggs. Methods: Grade C chicken eggs (average weight 54.5 g) were obtained from a local sundry shop and were confirmed to be Salmonella-free prior to the experiment. Fifteen eggs that were previously spiked with 106 colony-forming units (CFU) of S. Enteritidis were completely submerged into freshly-boiled water (≈100oC) for a maximum of 20 min. Positive controls consisted of eggs that were inoculated but were not treated. At every 5 min interval, three eggs were taken out and checked for presence of viable S. Enteritidis on MacConkey agar, and the respective water temperature was recorded. Results: Results of two independent trials showed that after 10 min of submerging the eggs in the hot water, there were an average of 3 log reductions in the CFU of S. Enteritidis but after 15 min, no viable S. Enteritidis was detected. Conclusion: A half-boiled egg should be prepared by submerging it in freshly boiled water for at least 15 min to ensure that it is safe to be consumed.