Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variable Planck’s Constant: Treated As A Dynamical Field And Path Integral

The constant ħ is elevated to a dynamical field, coupling to other fields, and itself, through the Lagrangian density derivative terms. The spatial and temporal dependence of ħ falls directly out of the field equations themselves. Three solutions are found: a free field with a tadpole term; a standing-wave non-propagating mode; a non-oscillating non-propagating mode. The first two could be quantized. The third corresponds to a zero-momentum classical field that naturally decays spatially to a constant with no ad-hoc terms added to the Lagrangian. An attempt is made to calibrate the constants in the third solution based on experimental data. The three fields are referred to as actons. It is tentatively concluded that the acton origin coincides with a massive body, or point of infinite density, though is not mass dependent. An expression for the positional dependence of Planck’s constant is derived from a field theory in this work that matches in functional form that of one derived from considerations of Local Position Invariance violation in GR in another paper by this author. Astrophysical and Cosmological interpretations are provided. A derivation is shown for how the integrand in the path integral exponent becomes Lc/ħ(r), where Lc is the classical action. The path that makes stationary the integral in the exponent is termed the “dominant” path, and deviates from the classical path systematically due to the position dependence of ħ. The meaning of variable ħ is seen to be related to the rate of time passage along each path increment. The changes resulting in the Euler-Lagrange equation, Newton’s first and second laws, Newtonian gravity, Friedmann equation with a Cosmological Constant, and the impact on gravitational radiation for the dominant path are shown and discussed.
Studies on the extracting technology of flavones from Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) added with ultra wave technique

Extracting technology of flavones from Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) added with ultra wave technique was studied in the paper. The influence of many factors on the extraction yield of flavones was investigated through mono factor and orthogonal experimental design. The results showed that the optimum extracting conditions were as following. 60% propanone is the most suitable extract regent, the ratio of the mass of raw material to the volume of regent is 1∶10, the raw material was soaked in regent for 1 hour, then extracted with UW device for 10 minutes, and repeat the above operation. Under the conditions, the flavones extracted from Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) yields 2.05%.
Perirhinal feedback input controls neocortical memory formation via layer 1

Das deklarative Gedachtnis beruht auf Wechselwirkungen zwischen dem medialen Temporallappens (MTL) und Neokortex. Aufgrund der verteilten Natur neokortikaler Netzwerke bleiben zellulare Ziele und Mechanismen der Gedachtnisbildung im Neokortex jedoch schwer fassbar. Im sechsschichtigen Saugetier-Neokortex konvergieren die Top-Down-Inputs auf Schicht 1 (L1). Wir untersuchten, wie Top-Down-Inputs von MTL die neokortikale Aktivitat wahrend der Gedachtnisbildung modulieren. Wir haben zunachst ein Kortex- und Hippocampus-abhangiges Lernparadigma angepasst, in dem Tiere gelernt haben, direkte kortikale Mikrostimulation und Belohnung zu assoziieren. Neuronen in den tiefen Schichten des perirhinalen Kortex lieferten monosynaptische Eingaben in L1 des primaren somatosensorischen Kortex (S1), wo die Mikrostimulation vorgestellt wurde. Die chemogenetische Unterdruckung der perirhinalen Inputs in L1 von S1 storte die Gedachtnisbildung, hatte jedoch keinen Einfluss auf die Leistung der Tiere nach abgeschlossenem Lernen. Dem Lernen folgte das Auftreten einer klaren Subpopulation von Pyramidenneuronen der Schicht 5 (L5), die durch hochfrequentes Burst-Feuern gekennzeichnet war und durch Blockieren der perirhinalen Inputs zu L1 reduziert werden konnte. Interessanterweise zeigte ein ahnlicher Anteil an apikalen Dendriten von L5-Pyramidenneuronen ebenfalls eine signifikant erhohte Ca2+-Aktivitat wahrend des Gedachtnisabrufs bei Expertentieren. Wichtig ist, dass die Storung der dendritischen Ca2+-Aktivitat das Lernen beeintrachtigte, was darauf hindeutet, dass apikale Dendriten von L5-Pyramidenneuronen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Bildung des neokortikalen Gedachtnisses spielen. Wir schliesen daraus, dass MTL-Eingaben das Lernen uber einen perirhinalen vermittelten Gating-Prozess in L1 steuern, der sich in einer erhohten dendritischen Ca2+-Aktivitat und einem Burst-Firing in pyramidalen L5-Neuronen manifestiert. %%%%Declarative memory relies on interactions between the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and neocortex. However, due the distributed nature of neocortical networks, cellular targets and mechanisms of memory formation in the neocortex remain elusive. In the six-layered mammalian neocortex, top-down inputs converge on its outermost layer, layer 1 (L1). We examined how layer-specific top-down inputs from MTL modulate neocortical activity during memory formation. We first adapted a cortical- and hippocampal-dependent learning paradigm, in which animals learned to associate direct cortical microstimulation and reward, and characterized the learning behavior of rats and mice. We next showed that neurons in the deep layers of the perirhinal cortex not only provide monosynaptic inputs to L1 of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), where microstimulation was presented, but also actively reflect the behavioral outcome. Chemogenetic suppression of perirhinal inputs to L1 of S1 disrupted early memory formation but did not affect animals’ performance after learning. The learning was followed by an emergence of a distinct subpopulation of…
Disruptive Islamism: ‘Islamic radicalisation’ in public discourse, and the strategies and impact of terrorist communication on refugees and host communities

ABSTRACT The strategic communication of terrorist organisations and its influence on public discourse, particularly in the forced migrant context, is an under-researched area. This article argues that terrorist organisations have exploited their marketability in the radicalisation of public discourse. Their (non)discursive strategic communication has influenced public discourse, with impacts on policy and practice. Thirty-two interviews were conducted with civil society organisations and host communities, and complemented by eleven online refugee representations. In addition, the study drew from secondary case reviews of Al Shabaab and a former Islamist. The paper examines and presents key field research findings on the impact of strategic terrorist communication on refugees and host communities. Further, the paper highlights public representations of Islam(ism) and the disruptive character of Islamism brand management. The article additionally explores broader ramifications of terrorist communication on the concept of radicalisation. By examining the synergy between terrorist communication and the speech-acts of other actors, this article contends that besides being a useful concept, radicalisation is a social construct modelled by the perceptions, attitudes, opinions and actions of a coterie of actors. Overall, terrorist communication in rhetoric and action regulates public discourse that in turn inflames a reinforcing feedback loop of reciprocal radicalisation.
Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning Methodologies for Crime Pattern Analysis

Crime is a grave problem that affects all countries in the world. The level of crime in a country has a big impact on its economic growth and quality of life of citizens. In this paper, we provide a survey of trends of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods used for crime pattern analysis. We use a spatiotemporal dataset of crimes in San Francisco, CA to demonstrate some of these strategies for crime analysis. We use classification models, namely, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting and Naive Bayes to predict crime types such as Larceny, Theft, etc. and propose model optimization strategies. Further, we use a graph based unsupervised machine learning technique called core periphery structures to analyze how crime behavior evolves over time. These methods can be generalized to use for different counties and can be greatly helpful in planning police task forces for law enforcement and crime prevention.
Horticulture and Orchards as New Markets for Manure Valorisation with Less Environmental Impacts

Animal manure management is a real challenge to minimize environmental impacts and ensure that this valuable material is efficiently used in a circular economy context. One of the main limitations for larger use of animal manure as fertilizer is the availability of land to receive it in an area close to the farm. Indeed, animal manure is traditionally used for cereals and animal feed growth, but the soil area occupied with these crops might not be enough to receive all the manure produced and/or part of this soil might have nutrient contents, namely phosphorous, that do not permit further application of manure. Hence, extra land used for other agricultural activities might be an option. The main objective of the present review was to analyse the constraints and solutions to increase the use of manure in horticulture and orchards. Emphasis was given to the legal framework for manure utilization in the EU that might stimulate or restrain such a solution. The main characteristics of manure that might limit or stimulate manure reuse were also described, and the potential of some treatments to valorise manure was analysed. Several examples of alternative uses of manure in horticulture and orchards were examined, and the society and farmers’ acceptance of the proposed solution was addressed.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKAMENGGUNAKAN POWERPOINT DENGANPERPADUANMIND MAPPADA SISWA KELAS X MIPA SMANEGERI 7 PADANG

Selama proses belajar mengajar berlangsung siswa kurang aktif mengikuti pembelajaran di kelas serta pembelajaran masih berpusat pada guru (teacher centered). Selain itu bahan ajar yang tersedia pada saat pembelajaran tidak bervariasi dan masih terbatas. Bahan ajar yang dipakai selama proses pembelajaran adalah buku cetak yang dipinjam pada perpustakaan yang mana buku tersebut tersaji dengan penjabaran sangat panjang sehingga mengakibatkan siswa malas untuk membacanya. Hal ini menyebabkan hasil belajar siswajuga menjadi rendah. Dengan demikian perlu dikembangkan media pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran powerpoint dengan perpaduan mind mapyang valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam pembelajaran matematika.Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan Formative Evaluationmenurut pandangan Tessmer (Plomp 2007:28), yaitu Self Evaluation, Expert Review, One-to-one, Small Group, dan Field Test.Pada pengembangan media pembelajaran menggunakan powerpointdengan perpaduan mind mapini divalidasi oleh dua orang Dosen Pendidikan Matematika, satu orang Dosen Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, dan satu orang guru matematika. Kepraktisan dapat dilihat dari hasil penilaian angket respon siswa dan angket respon guru. Sedangkan keefektifan pada media pembelajaran tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil tes akhir yang diikuti siswa.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh media pembelajaran powerpoint dengan perpaduan mind mapyang valid dari segi bahasa, isi, dan konstruk. Hasil penilaian angket kepraktisan oleh siswa adalah 3,3 dengan persentase 82% memiliki kriteria sangat praktis dan hasil penilaian angket kepraktisan oleh guru adalah 3,4 dengan persentase 85% memiliki kriteria sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil tes akhir menunjukan bahwa nilai siswa yang tuntas adalah 82% dan yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 18% dari siswa yang mengikuti tes. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran menggunakan powerpointdengan perpaduan mind mapdikatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif.
Improving restoration success through a precision restoration framework

Dryland ecosystems represent a significant portion of global land area, support billions of people, and suffer high rates of land degradation. Successfully restoring native vegetation to degraded drylands is a global priority and major challenge—highlighting the need for more efficient and successful restoration strategies. We introduce the concept of “precision restoration,” which targets critical biotic and abiotic barriers to restoration success and applies specific tools or methods based on barrier distribution in space and time. With an example from the sagebrush steppe biome, a North American cold desert, we present a framework for precision restoration in drylands that involves: (1) identifying site‐specific critical barriers to restoration success, (2) understanding the spatial and temporal variability of each barrier, and (3) applying the best available restoration strategies given the specific barrier and its variability, described in the first two steps. This framework aims to enhance restoration success by focusing restoration practices on ameliorating the influential barriers when and where they occur and away from applying singular landscape‐wide approaches.
Deslocamento de abomaso em bovinos leiteiros

During the transition period in dairy cows, characterized as being the interval of three weeks before and three weeks after calving, the animals are affected by the vast majority of diseases. In short, about 70% of the diseases affect cattle turned to milk production, occur during that time. Abomasal displacement is one of the diseases that can occur during this period and consists of one of the most frequent paratopies in dairy cattle, which culminates in costly economic losses, since there are additional costs with treatments, reduced milk production, loss of weight, increase in the interval between deliveries, disposal of the dairy product and, in some cases, the loss of the affected animal. In the vast majority of cases, the organ moves to the left side, thus characterizing the abomasum shift to the left (DAE), although it can also move to the right (DAD). The diagnosis consists of the synergism between history and clinical examination, and the auscultatory percussion of a metallic “ping” is highly suggestive of the occurrence of the disease. Nevertheless, it is stated as a definitive case of paratopy only through exploratory laparotomy. There are methods of clinical treatment and few invasive, although surgical therapy is the one that has the best results. This review seeks to list the factors responsible for the occurrence of paratopy, the clinical symptoms observed, methods of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this abnormality in cattle. Keyword: Bovine, abomasum displacement, transition period
KRİPTO PARALARIN VOLATİLİTE MODELİNDE ABD BORSA ENDEKSLERİNİN YERİ: BİTCOİN ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA

Blok zincir sisteminde islem goren en yeni inovatif finansal urunlerden biri olan kripto paralar, yatirimcilardan yuksek ilgi gormektedir. Kripto para piyasasinin en yuksek islem hacimli urunu Bitcoin (BTC), gosterdigi yuksek oynakliklar ve spekulatif fiyat balonlari ile de on plana cikmistir. BTC’nin volatilite yapisinda ABD borsa endeks getirilerinin varligini arastiran bu calisma, 10.03. 2016 – 11.06. 2019 donemindeki gunluk verileri kapsar. Genellestirilmis Otoregresif Kosullu Degisen Varyans modellerinden GARCH, EGARCH ve TARCH modellerinin kullanildigi calismada, SP500, Nasdaq100 ve Dow Jones Industrial varyans degiskeni olarak kullanilmistir. Bulgular, (1) her uc endeksin de BTC’in volatilitesini aciklamada anlamli oldugu, (2) borsa endeksleri ile gelistirilmis modellerin, GARCH, EGARCH ve TARCH modellerinin tamaminda benzer temel modelden daha guclu oldugu ve (3) endekslerle gelistirilmis EGARCH modelinin ise en guclu model oldugunu gostermektedir
Psychometric function characteristics of Persian consonantvowel-consonant words

Background and Aim: Evaluation of word recognition score requires multiple lists that must be similar in terms of difficulty level. There is currently no such word lists for the Persian language. The aim of this study was to construct several lists of Persian monosyllabic words with psychometric homogeneity. Methods: The most common monosyllabic words were collected from a book of Persian word frequency. The selected monosyllabic Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) words were presented randomly to 30 normal hearing participants with the age range of 18 to 25 years. The presentation level was from 0 to 40 dB in 8 dB increments. The characteristics of psychometric function were determined for all words using the logistic regression. Results: The Persian CVC monosyllabic words have different difficulty levels with threshold varying from 2.8 to 37.2 dB HL and the slope from 2.3 to 16.4 %/dB. Conclusion: The final result of the present study is three full lists of monosyllabic words with CVC syllabic structure that have the same mean threshold and slope of psychometric function. The 25-word half-lists of each full list are similar in terms of psychometric characteristics. Keywords: Psychometric function; Persian monosyllabic words; speech audiometry
Propiedades psicométricas del Test de Dependencia al Teléfono Móvil (TDMB) en Argentina y sus relaciones con la impulsividad

The use of cell phones has increased exponentially in most countries of the world. From a psychological perspective, different techniques have been developed to assess the level of dependence towards the use of the mobile phone, the TDMB test being one of the most used. Objective. The aim of the research was to adapt and validate the TDMB and its relations with impulsivity. Method. 339 adults residing in Argentina participated in the study, with ages between 18 and 65 years (M = 37.66; SD = 12.87), of which 74.3% were women. The evaluation included the TDMD, the UPPS-P to evaluate impulsivity and ad-hoc variables related to cell phone use. Results. Adequate psychometric properties were observed for the Argentine version of the TDMB. Likewise, relationships were observed between all dimensions of the questionnaire and impulsivity, as well as differences according to the age and gender of the participants. The scope and limits of the test are discussed, as well as its relationships with the impulsivity and daily use of the mobile phone.
Moderating Effect of Firm Characteristics on the Relationship between Electric Power Outage Dynamics and Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Past literatures on the correlational link between electric power outage dynamics and performance of manufacturing firms, in most economies, have portrayed a controversial conceptual debate amongst scholars with little focus on the moderating role played by firm characteristics. This paper focuses on determining the effect of firm characteristics (capital structure) on the relationship between electric power outage dynamics and financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Positivism philosophical point of view and descriptive survey research design was utilized. A population of 447 manufacturing firms in Kenya, which were also members of Kenya Manufacturers Association, was selected out of which a sample size of 138 firms was drawn using stratified random sampling methodology. Structured questionnaires were utilized to collect data which involved drop and pick approach. The research results indicate that the relationship between electric power outage dynamics and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya is not significantly moderated by firm characteristics. This study outcome augments existing knowledge on electric power outage dynamics in relation to firm characteristics and financial performance. This is because it is evident that top management should not focus on capital structure as a conditional factor when making decisions aimed at enhancing firm financial performance under power outage conditions. The study has also made an input to the academic literature ascending from empirical reinforcement of tradeoff theory and pecking order theory in making determination on firms’ capital investments. Policy makers and power utilities benefit in understanding the negative effect of power outages on the performance of firms are therefore guided in overseeing the planning and implementation of proper electricity infrastructure. Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM) will find these research findings useful in guiding their member firms on strategies to adopt to ensure continuous productivity and safeguard damages to the firm as a result of electric power outages.
Music as a tool for foreign language learning in Early Childhood Education and Primary Education. Proposing innovative CLIL Music teaching approaches.

Aquest article te com a objectiu promoure la reflexio educativa proporcionant els fonaments teorics sobre les connexions entre l’aprenentatge de llengues estrangeres i la musica, el qual configura els pilars d’un programa CLIL de Musica en angles anomenat MOVIC (Movement& Music in English). Tambe preten fomentar els enfocaments CLIL de musica a les aules d’angles com a llengua estrangera. L’article presenta els avantatges que la musica aporta a l’aula d’angles, a mes de contextualitzar la situacio actual del sistema educatiu espanyol i les possibilitats pedagogiques que comporta l’us de la musica. Per ultim, presenta l’enfocament pedagogic de MOVIC, juntament amb un exemple d’activitat, i seguidament exposa un seguit d’implicacions pedagogiques per a educadors de llengues estrangeres i politiques educatives.
Development, Implementation, and Assessment of General Chemistry Lab Experiments Performed in the Virtual World of Second Life

Virtual worlds are a potential medium for teaching college-level chemistry laboratory courses. To determine the feasibility of conducting chemistry experiments in such an environment, undergraduate students performed two experiments in the immersive virtual world of Second Life (SL) as part of their regular General Chemistry 2 laboratory course. The experiments’ development and implementation are presented with feedback from students and graduate teaching assistants. Students successfully completed the experiments and showed learning gains similar to students performing real world experiments, as shown by pre/postlab quizzes and a laboratory practicum. Student participants held positive views of their experience in the SL chemistry laboratory. Teaching assistants provided an important perspective about using the virtual world for laboratory instruction. Overall, results of this pilot study suggest that virtual worlds can be effective for teaching chemistry experiments. This is the first account of student.