Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digestion des protéines végétales chez les monogastriques. Exemple des protéines de pois

l’union européenne, qui importe 70 % de sa consommation, cherche à développer des protéagineux comme le pois. Cette matière première est utilisée à 88 % en alimentation animale. La France est le principal producteur et utilisateur de ce protéagineux (48 % de la consommation européenne). Le pois est riche en protéines (18 à 30 %) et en lysine, et constitue un bon complément des céréales. Sa culture présente des avantages agronomiques (bon rendement) et une bonne image auprès des consommateurs du fait de son absence de besoin en engrais azotés. De plus l’utilisation de cette matière première dans les régimes pour porc et pour poulet conduit à de bonnes qualités organoleptiques des viandes. En France, le pois est couramment utilisé en alimentation animale, il représente 10 % des aliments pour les volailles et 20 % des aliments pour les porcs en croissance. Cependant, l’incorporation massive de cette matière première dans l’aliment conduit parfois à des valeurs de digestibilité inférieures à celles des régimes à base de soja, ainsi qu’à de fortes variations de la digestibilité des protéines. Ainsi, la digestibilité fécale apparente varie entre 74 et 89 % chez le porc (Perez et Bourdon 1992) et entre 67 et 83 % chez le poulet (Carré et Conan 1989). Plusieurs hypothèses sur l’origine de ces variations de digestibilités ont été émises par analogie avec d’autres légumineuses telles que le soja. En particulier les facteurs antinutritionnels, tels que les inhibiteurs trypsiques Digestion des protéines végétales chez les monogastriques. Exemple des protéines de pois
Energetic Food Webs: An analysis of real and model ecosystems

1. Approaches to studying food webs SECTION I: MODELLING SIMPLE AND MULTISPECIES COMMUNITIES 2. Models of Simple and Complex Systems 3. Connectedness Food Webs 4. Energy Flux Food Webs 5. Functional webs SECTION II: THE DYNAMICS AND STABILITY OF SIMPLE AND COMPLEX COMMUNITIES 6. Energetic Organization and Food Web Stability 7. Enrichment, Trophic Structure, and Dynamic Stability 8. Modeling Compartments 9. Productivity, Dynamic Stability, and Species Richness SECTION III: DYNAMIC FOOD WEB ARCHITECTURES 10. Species-based versus Biomass-based Food Web Descriptions 11. Dynamic Architectures and Stability of Complex Systems along Productivity Gradients 12. Food Webs Dynamics Beyond Asymptotic Behavior References Index
Excavation of an Arctic Fox, Alopex lagopus , den by a Polar Bear, Ursus maritimus

We observed a Polar Bear ( Ursus maritimus ) excavating an Arctic Fox ( Alopex lagopus ) den on 24 June 1998, 3 km inland from the Hudson Bay coast (58°40'N, 93°12'W), near Cape Churchill in Wapusk National Park, Manitoba. To our knowledge this is the first observed excavation of an Arctic Fox den by a Polar Bear.
Studies on the Mechanisms of Homolog Pairing and Sister Chromatid Cohesion During Drosophila Male Meiosis

Meiosis is a complex process involving one round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of cell divisions. The proper segregation of homologs at meiosis I and sister chromatids during meiosis II is essential for the survival of the offspring. Aberrant chromosome segregation at any stage of meiosis can lead to aneuploidy. Meiotic chromosome segregation without crossing over or chiasmata is a widespread but poorly understand chromosome segregation pathway. In male Drosophila meiosis the absence of recombination in chromosomes makes it easier to identify mutations which influence homologous chromosome pairing and segregation. Modifier of Mdg4 in Meiosis (MNM), a protein encoded by modifier of mdg4, is required for integrity of chromosome territories and stability of achiasmatic bivalents and for normal homolog segregation in male Drosophila meiosis I. MNM localizes to clusters of nucleolar and autosomal foci during meiotic prophase I (PI) and to a novel, compact structure associated with the X-Y bivalent during prometaphase I (PMI) and metaphase I (MI). Stromalin in Meiosis (SNM), a member of the SCC3/STAG cohesion family, is required for homolog pairing in male Drosophila but not for meiotic sister chromatid cohesin. SNM protein co-localizes with MNM to the nucleolus throughout PI and to a prominent focus on the X-Y bivalent during PMI and MI. Mutations of snm and mnm exhibit similar homolog pairing failure during meiosis I. Consequently we used the Yeast Two-Hybrid System to determine whether SNM and MNM can interact with each other. We concluded that MNM can interact with itself and SNM. We also found that SNM interacts with the
Cladistic Information, Leaf Stability And Supertree Construction

This thesis is about phylogenetic trees mathematical graph structures which represent the pattern of evolution. More speci cally, it is concerned primarily with cladograms, the simplest type of phylogenetic tree, and the information they provide about the branching pattern of evolution. Although theoretical in orientation a real dataset is analysed in some detail and a user-friendly program provided. Many di erent measures have been proposed to measure the information content of phylogenetic trees. The problems associated with each method are illustrated and a new information theoretic family of measures is de ned. The quanti cation of the Cladistic Information Content of source trees, strict consensus trees, individual leaves and the root is then discussed in some detail and the utility of the measure as a criterion of strict consensus tree choice explored. Traditionally stability studies have focused on the stability of branches. I de ne a family of measures of the stability of individual leaves and the overall phylogenetic stability. Speci c measures are then compared and used to test published claims regarding the a ect of an early tetrapod on the stability of the inferred phylogenetic relationships. Supertree consensus methods allow the fusion of smaller subtrees, on partially overlapping set of leaves, to produce larger supertrees. The various problems associated with the fusion of compatible subtrees are reviewed and some additional solutions provided. The limitations of Matrix Representation with Parsimony (MRP), the most commonly used supertree consensus method which attempts to resolve con icts, are discussed. The Reduced supertree consensus method which removes and represents con icts but does not attempt to resolve them is then described and an attempt made to characterize the method. RadCon, a MacOS computer program which implements many of the methods discussed in this thesis, The RadCon Manual and some of the C++ source code is also provided.
Bioactive dressings to promote wound healing

Abstract The role of bioactive dressings derived from natural resources in managing both acute and chronic wounds is discussed. Bioactive dressings contain bioactive substances who are active in wound healing. Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process which requires suitable environment to promote healing process. With the advancement in technology, bioactive dressings have been developed to treat different types of wounds by targeting various aspects of the healing process. These materials include hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, collagens, honey dressings, chitosan, chitin, derivatives from chitosan or chitin and biotextiles. Chitosan, chitin and their derivatives have been studied widely as bioactive wound dressing materials. The application of dibutyryl chitin derived from chitin is extensively reviewed. The O-butyrylation of chitin or chitosan, and a little less the N-butyrylation, is an important modification of chitin and increases the biochemical activity of chitin or chitosan. Even, water-soluble derivatives of chitin or chitosan can be obtained by O-butyrylation. Future developments in bioactive wound dressing materials based on chitin, chitosan and their derivatives are indicated using the increased knowledge and understanding of the action of these dressings in wound healing. A better knowledge and understanding of the action of these dressings in wound healing will be the basis for future developments of more bioactive dressing materials.
Ten-Year Trends in Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge, Intent and Behavior

The need to improve the overall dietary habits of children has received extensive attention in recent years, due to a significant increase in the incidence of childhood obesity over the past three decades. The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 20% in 2008 according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [1]. Children and adolescents who are obese are much more likely to be obese as adults and are at an increased risk for chronic diseases [2, 3].
Study of intracultivar variation among main Iranian olive cultivars using SSR markers.

Three Iranian olive cultivars of Geloleh, Shengeh and Rowghani with commercial interest are distributed in 3 provinces in North of Iran. Fifty one accessions belonging to these 3 olive cultivars were screened by 13 microsatellite markers revealing high genetic variability both within and between cultivars. In total, 54 alleles were detected with a mean number of 4.2 alleles per locus. Six unique allelic patterns were observed. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 1.00 while the mean number of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.51. The existence of homonyms, synonyms or mislabeling as well as intracultivar polymorphism was showed by allele differences between olive accessions studied. The phenogram obtained by UPGMA clus- tering showed variability among as well as between cultivars.
LONELINESS, DEPRESSION, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND RELATED FACTORS IN INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN 50 AND 65 YEARS

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate loneliness, depression, social support and related factors in individuals between 50 and 65 years in Ayd›n. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 390 people aged 5065 years in nine primary health care center regions in Ayd›n. A multistage sampling method was used for sample selection. Perceived Social Support from Friends and Family Scales, UCLA Loneliness Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were used for data collection. Results: The mean perceived social support from family scale scores was 14.02±0.26; perceived social support from friends scale scores 12.34±0.26; the mean UCLA loneliness scale scores 39.67±0.55 and the mean depression scale scores was 12.85±0.44. Family and friend social support scores were higher in participants who were married, who had children and those who had hobbies; family social support scores were lower in individuals who were dependent in daily activities (p<0.05). Participants with primary or less education, those without a mate or child(ren), those with a physical disability, sleep problems, those who were using a drug regularly, those who were dependent in daily activities and those without a hobby felt themselves more lonely than others. Depressive symptoms were found in 23.8% of the participants. The risk for having depressive symptoms was 2.59(OR)times higher in those who were not married, 2.00(OR)times higher in those without a paid job, 3.23(OR)times higher in those with sleep problems and 2.24(OR)times higher in those who didn’t enjoy reading/listening to music. Conclusion: It was concluded that reinforcement of social ties with family and social environment should be considered as an important preventive strategy against depression and loneliness. Keys Words: Isolation, Social; Support; Social; Depression. ARAfiTIRMA
Effects of Graft Selection in Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Midterm Functional Results

Objectives: This study is a comparison of the midterm clinical results of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using an allograft and those who had an autograft procedure. Methods: The results of 70 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with an anterior tibial tendon (ATT) allograft (n=18) or a hamstring (HT) autograft (n=52) were evaluated retrospectively. At the last follow-up, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Tegner-Lysholm scores were used to assess functional status, as well as results of the Lachman test, the anterior drawer test, and the pivot-shift test. Results: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of age, gender, length of time before operation, graft thickness, or femoral tunnel length (p>0.05). The results were satisfactory in both groups in the postoperative period in terms of the length of time until a return to sports, IKDC score, Tegner-Lysholm score, range of motion, quadriceps circumference, and laxity, with no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that midterm clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction with an ATT allograft or an HT autograft are similar when the correct technique is used according to the appropriate indications by an experienced surgeon and a successful rehabilitation program implemented after the operation.
Serotonin regulation by primary culture neonatal rat astrocytes

Many psychiatric disorders are linked to abnormal synaptic serotonin concentration levels. The concentration of serotonin in synaptic spaces is regulated by serotonergic neurons through a cycle of serotonin synthesis and vesicular packaging via VMAT, calcium‐mediated release, reuptake via SERT, degradation via MAO, and repackaging in vesicles via VMAT. Astrocytes are also known to contribute to the regulation of synaptic serotonin concentration through uptake of serotonin via SERT, and the subsequent degradation by MAO. This uptake via SERT is inhibited by SSRIs. This project began by investigating the effect of SSRIs on SERT expression in astrocytes through immunofluorescent microscopy. Astrocytes are dissociated from 1–3 day old rat pups, cultured for approximately 10 days, and then exposed to 0.3 μM serotonin for 2 hours. Preliminary results have uncovered localization of serotonin in astrocytes after uptake. This localization may be due to packaging in vesicles via VMAT, as seen in serotonergic neurons. We have probed GFAP‐positive astrocytes with antibodies for serotonin and VMAT, and found co‐localization of both. These results suggest that astrocytes may be capable of packaging serotonin after reuptake. We are currently verifying the presence of VMAT expression in astrocytes through RT‐PCR. These studies may help identify new targets for the development of psychiatric treatments.
Effects of α2-Plasmin Inhibitor on Fibrin Clot Lysis. Its Comparison with α2-Macroglobulin

Summary The major plasmin inhibitors namely α2-plasmin inhibitor and α2-macroglobulin were compared for their effects on lysis of fibrin clot. Plasmin fibrinolytic activity was immediately inhibited by α2-plasmin inhibitor, whereas α2-macroglobulin inhibited plasmin progressively. Urokinase(plasminogen activator)-induced clot lysis was inhibited efficiently by α2-plasmin inhibitor present in the clot. Inhibition of urokinase-induced clot lysis by α2-macroglobulin was weak and the molar concentration necessary for α2-macroglobulin to achieve the same degree of inhibition as that achieved with α2-plasmin inhibitor was about 10 times higher than that of α2-plasmin inhibitor. Binding of Lys-plasminogen to fibrin was inhibited by α2-plasmin inhibitor but not by α2-macroglobulin. Molar concentrations of α2-plasmin inhibitor which were effective in inhibiting the binding were 30 times less than that of 6-aminohexanoic acid. α2-Plasmin inhibitor was found to interact with Lys-plasminogen to form a weakly-bound complex which is dissociable in the presence of 6-aminohexanoic acid, suggesting that inhibition of binding of Lys-plasminogen to fibrin by α2-plasmin inhibitor may be due to interaction of α2-plasmin inhibitor with a specific site of the plasminogen molecule and that the site may be 6-aminohexanoic acid-binding site. It is suggested that α2-plasmin inhibitor is more reactive and efficient inhibitor of fibrinolysis than α2-macroglobulin.
Antibiotics Use in Adult Population, as Perceived by Family Doctors in Romania

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, the problem of overprescribed antibiotics has become one of the most serious public health issues at global level. Clear evidence shows direct relation between antibiotics consumption and the resistance developed by the microbial agents Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of antibiotics recommendations from other medical practitioners or pharmacists and reported self-medication, in the family doctor’s office Methods: We conducted a survey questionnaire on 184 family doctors from Romania that volunteered to gather information for one week on a daily basis. he questionnaire for adults had four questions, related to the frequency of antibiotics consumption based on the recommendation from emergency rooms or other doctors, self-medication, antibiotics recommended and delivered by pharmacies and personal recommendation of antibiotics Conclusion: We conclude that the level of antibiotics recommendations for diseases, which usually do not benefit from this type of treatment, is high, with a large proportion of adult patients coming to the family doctor for reimbursement. The level of auto-medication with antibiotics, in adults, is also elevated, in most of the cases based on leftover medication.
Fulminant Guillain–Barré syndrome with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: Report of an autopsied case

We report a case of a 77‐year‐old Japanese man with a fever of up to 39.0°C, which subsided after 5 days. The patient showed fulminant Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), severe autonomic dysfunction with a labile blood pressure, an unstable heart rate from onset to death, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Although Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was ameliorated by Day 14 (from admission in the hospital) with a normalized electrocardiogram, his blood pressure became markedly more variable and he died on Day 26. In the present report, we describe an autopsied case of GBS with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Dynamics of Drop Deformation and Breakup in Viscous Fluids

This article describes the dynamics of drop deformation and breakup in viscous flows at low Reynolds numbers. An attempt has been made to bring together a wide range of studies in the drop deformation literature, as well as to provide a large number of references to potential applications. In particular, a summary is provided of experimental, numerical, and theoretical investigations that examine drop breakup in externally­ imposed flows, e.g. uniaxial extensional fluid motion or more complicated time-periodic flows. For well-characterized flow conditions that lead to breakup, the effects of flow and material parameters on the drop size distribution are summarized. Also, a short discussion is given of the stability of the shapes of translating drops. The subject of deformation of neutrally buoyant drops in viscous shear flows at low particle Reynolds numbers was summarized by Acrivos ( 1983) and was reviewed in this series by Rallison ( 1 984). The Acrivos and Rallison papers present (a) theoretical descriptions of steady, nearly spheri­ cal shapes and steady, long slender shapes, (b) a description of efficient boundary integral numerical methods, and (e) a summary of the experi­ mental work performed prior to 1984. As documented in these review articles, many of the important ideas necessary for understanding drop
Absence of the CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation in familial breast and ovarian cancer in Colombia: a case-control study

Background: BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been identified as high-penetrance breast cancer predisposition genes, but they only account for a small fraction of the inherited component of breast cancer. To explain the remaining cases, a polygenic model with a large number of low- to moderate-penetrance genes have been proposed; one of these, is the CHEK2 gene (Checkpoint Kinase 2). The objective of this study was to determine the role of the CHEK2 gene, specifically the c.1100delC mutation in familial breast cancer susceptibility in Colombian patients. Methods: We screened 131 high-risk breast and/or ovarian cancer patients (negative for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2) and 131 controls for the germline mutation CHEK2 c.1100delC by allele-specific PCR. Results: None of the cases or controls showed the CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation, neither as a homozygote nor as a heterozygote. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation is not a risk factor for genetic susceptibility to familial breast or ovarian cancer in the Colombian population. The absence of the CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation in our population show the importance of considering ethnic background before offering a genetic test.
Properties of Tropical and Midlatitude Ice Cloud Particle Ensembles. Part I: Median Mass Diameters and Terminal Velocities

Abstract This is Part I of a study that characterizes several bulk properties of ice particle populations sampled in midlatitude and tropical cirrus and deep stratiform ice clouds, for the purpose of developing an understanding of how particles evolve in ice clouds and to derive empirical and analytical relationships that describe microphysical properties for use in cloud and climate models. The effort focuses on describing the microphysical properties of ice cloud layers in the vertical. The size distribution data and particle imagery were obtained during Lagrangian spiral descents and balloon-borne ascents through cloud layers that formed in association with synoptic-scale lifting (midlatitude) and deep convection (Tropics). Temperatures ranged between −20° and −63°C for the midlatitude clouds and between 0° and −50°C for the tropical clouds. Optical depths spanned the range 0.4–7 for the midlatitude clouds and 20–30 for the tropical clouds. This part of the study characterizes median mass diameter (Dm).
Dysplastic Lumbar Spondylolysis Presenting As Hyperventilation Syndrome in a Young Man

Many causes contribute to hyperventilation; however, the pathophysiology involved is still unknown, and the skeletal origins of the condition have scarcely been examined. We present a case of a 20-year-old man with a history of hyperventilation and subtle lower back pain due to spondylolysis of the fifth lumbar vertebra with grade I spondylolisthesis. The duration and frequency of hyperventilation increased after performing physical modality and abated after discontinuing physical modality. We discuss the relationship and associated pathophysiology between hyperventilation and spondylolysis, which is the first report in the literature. We suggest that physical therapy might be harmful for some patients with hyperventilation, because the hyperventilation might be a clinical manifestation of dysplastic lumbar spondylolysis.
Disposición a la investigación científica en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud

Objetivo: Determinar la disposicion que tienen estudiantes chilenos de ciencias de la salud a la investigacion cientifica. Materiales y metodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, prospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 246 estudiantes de ciencias de la salud. Se aplico un cuestionario de actitudes frente a la investigacion que contenia 22 items (α Cronbach =0,895) en escala tipo Likert (1 al 5). Se aplico estadistica descriptiva e inferencial. La significancia se establecio a un p:0,05. Resultados: El puntaje medio del cuestionario fue de 2,7±1,01, indicando una baja disposicion por parte de estudiantes a la investigacion, los items con puntajes mas bajos fueron los asociados al analisis estadistico y busqueda de articulos cientificos. La carrera con mayor indice de disposicion fue Enfermeria, mientras que Terapia Ocupacional y Fonoaudiologia tuvieron la menor disposicion. Conclusiones: Es necesario fomentar en el estudiantado el reconocimiento de la importancia de basamento cientifico en el abordaje de situaciones de salud.