Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating Smart Transportation System for a Proposed Smart City- A Context in Sri Lanka

Smart transportation is playing a vital role as an important building block in smart city, providing solutions to many issues that relate to traffic on the road. This influences safety and quality of living (QoL), the main goals of smart city development. Smart transportation system in an urban area will saves time, saves environment by reducing fuel consumption and unwanted driving time. In such case, investigation of different aspects, different functionalities of smart transportation, purposes, research methods, technologies and research gaps to be filled are obligatory. This study presents a literature review based on previous related studies done on smart transportation in smart cities in order to understand the research area as well as the future research needs and gaps to be fulfilled. Here it summarizes different perspectives of smart city and smart transportation considered in studies, types of the researches performed, reported problems which are addressed in studies, purposes of deploying smart transportation, reported benefits and problems and technologies which are compatible in this research area. Keywords— Smart Transportation, QoL, Smart City, IoT
Characteristics of Ruminal Microbial Community: Evolutionary and Ecological Perspectives

Ruminants perhaps appeared about 50 million years ago (Ma). Five ruminant families had been extinct and about 200 species in 6 ruminant families are living today. The first ruminant family probably was small omnivore without functional ruminal microbiota to digest fiber. Subsequently, other ruminant families evolved around 18-23 Ma along with woodlands and grasslands. Probably, ruminants started to consume selective and highly nutritious plant leaves and grasses similar to concentrates. By 5-11 Ma, grasslands expanded and some ruminants used more grass in their diets with comparatively low nutritive values and high fibers. Historically, humans have domesticated 9 ruminant species that are mostly utilizer of low quality forages for human benefits. Thus, the non-functional rumen microbiota to predominantly concentrate fermenting microbiota, followed by predominantly fiber digesting microbiota had evolved for mutual complementary benefits of holobiont over the million years. The core microbiome of ruminant species seems the resultant of hologenome interaction in an evolutionary unit. The inertia and resilience properties of ruminal ecosystem seem to be due to this core microbiota, which makes the ecosystem most stable in response to perturbations because this core microbiota has evolutionary advantages with logically more generalists (i.e., wide metabolic versatile and redundancy). Also, a part of the ruminal microbiome shows highly plasticity, which is likely useful for evolutionary adaptability of holobiont. This review discusses ecological characteristics of ruminal microbial community in evolutionary perspectives. The updated understanding of ecological traits of ruminal microbiome would be helpful to better modulate the ruminal fermentation favorably for human benefits.
Chemical cryoprotection for structural studies

With the ascendency of techniques for ultrarapid cooling and the successful control of ice crystal damage by purely physical means, it has become necessary to make a case for the continued use of chemical antifreeze agents in any circumstances. These circumstances include the need to explore tissues deeper than those superficial layers, whose morphology can be preserved by ultrarapid cooling, the avoidance of superficial areas of damage inflicted by dissection and tissue slicing, and situations where the growth of ice crystals must be controlled throughout the specimen, as for example for the cutting of frozen sections.
DOMAIN-GENERALIZED FEW-SHOT CLASSIFICATION VIA CROSS-DOMAIN EPISODIC META-LEARNING

Few-shot classification aims to carry out classification given only few labeled examples for the categories of interest. While several approaches have been proposed to address the few-shot learning tasks (FSL), most assume that training and test data (i.e., base and novel classes) are drawn from the same domain. When it comes to recognizing novel-class data in a different and unseen domain, this is considered as a domain generalized few-shot classification task. In this paper, we present a unique learning framework for domain-generalized few-shot classification, where base classes from homogeneous multiple source domains are available during training, while novel classes in an unseen target domain need to be recognized. By advancing meta-learning strategies, our learning framework exploits data across multiple source domains to capture domain-invariant features, while FSL ability is preserved by observing the sampled support and query data. We conduct extensive experiments to verify the effectiveness of our proposed learning framework. Moreover, from the experimental results, we are able to provide insights into data and backbones of models for domain-generalized few-shot classification.
The Role of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Glioblastoma Multiforme Pathogenesis: Review of the Literature

Gliomas are the most common brain tumors and include a variety of histologic types and grades of malignancy. They arise from glial cells and represent approximately 70% of the primary brain Tumors. Glioblastoma, also known as diffuse astrocytoma, WHO grade IV or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most common and fatal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Previous researches have shown the presence of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) nucleic acids and Proteins in GBM tumor tissue, suggesting that the virus may implicate in its pathogenesis, by affecting tumor stem cell factors, angiogenesis and immune pathways. However, this association remains controversial as many other studies could not detect HCMV in those tumor samples.
Preliminary bioinformatics analyses of the expression and function of AGR2 in human breast cancer

[摘 要] 目的:利用生物信息学方法分析前梯度蛋白2(anterior gradient protein-2,AGR2)在乳腺癌中的表达情况,并分析预测 其所涉及的生物学功能及分子信号通路。 方法:挖掘Oncomine和GEPIA数据库中AGR2在乳腺癌和正常乳腺组织中的表达情 况,分析CCLE数据库中AGR2在乳腺癌细胞系中的表达水平,同时利用HPA数据库分析AGR2蛋白在正常和乳腺癌组织中的表 达水平,并分析其表达与预后关系。 Progno Scan分析AGR2表达与预后的关系从CCLE下载乳腺癌相关基因芯片并用R语言筛 选AGR2共表达基因,利用GO功能富集分析和KEGG信号通路分析对AGR2相关共表达基因进行功能注释。 结果:Oncomine 和GEPIA数据分析显示AGR2基因在乳腺癌组织中高表达,CCLE数据分析表明AGR2在乳腺癌细胞系中显著高表达,HPA数据 库免疫组化结果显示乳腺癌组织AGR2蛋白相对于正常乳腺组织高表达;Progno Scan分析显示AGR2高表达提示乳腺癌预后不 良。 利用R软件共筛选出946个在乳腺癌中同AGR2共表达的基因,GO功能富集分析显示,共表达基因主要涉及蛋白定位到细 胞周围、蛋白定位到细胞膜、细胞连接组装、细胞基质黏附、细胞连接组成等生物学功能;KEGG分析显示共表达基因主要参与乳 腺癌和胃癌进程,并和蛋白聚糖在癌症中的作用及缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸降解通路相关。 结论:AGR2在乳腺癌组织和细胞 中均高表达,其可能是乳腺癌中潜在的促癌基因,有望成为乳腺癌治疗的新靶标。 [关键词] 乳腺;肿瘤;前梯度蛋白2;表达;预后;功能;信号通路 [中图分类号] R730.2;R737.9 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1007-385X(2020)03-0302-07
Lattice defects in ion implanted GaAs

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and digital filtering (by Bragg filters) are used to study the atomic structure of the damage arising in the isolated displacement cascades of Zn+ implanted GaAs. Data concerning the clustering of point defects (vacancies and self-interstitials) in small dislocation loops, at concentration of the order of 1013 cm−2, are reported. Effects of low-power pulsed laser annealing (LPPLA) and some analogies in the behaviour of point defects in GaAs and f.c. c. metals like Cu and Ni are discussed. [Russian Text Ignored].
Performance Comparison of SIFT, SIFT+Sparse Coding Method and PCA_K-Means Clustering

— Nowadays, the requirement of digital images has been grown tremendously. Respectively, different types of databases are maintained by different sources like military, industries and medical etc. In order to retrieve the required images from those databases, we have to use different classification and retrieving techniques. For Classification Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is better estimated method and for retrieval Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is the popular method used. In which the texture features are extracted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with K-nearest neighbourhood applied. The results are better observed using precision and recall. The performance is better estimated with the percentage performance of precision and recall having nearly 96.9% and 67.07% respectively.
Sequential Difficulty Effects During Strategy Execution A Study in Arithmetic

In two experiments, we tested the hypothesis that strategy performance on a given trial is influenced by the difficulty of the strategy executed on the immediately preceding trial, an effect that we call strategy sequential difficulty effect. Participants’ task was to provide approximate sums to two-digit addition problems by using cued rounding strategies. Results showed that performance was poorer after a difficult strategy than after an easy strategy. Our results have important theoretical and empirical implications for computational models of strategy choices and for furthering our understanding of strategic variations in arithmetic as well as in human cognition in general.
Impact of Talent Management Practices on Perceived Employer Branding: Conceptual Model Development for Sri Lankan IT and Software Service Sector

– Talented workforce is one of the paramount strength for Sri Lankan Information Technology (IT) and software service sector. Upholding unsurpassed talent management practices is extremely required in enhancing perceived employer branding through amplified level of psychological contract. Talent management is a “blistering fresh topic” for Human Resource (HR) practitioners for their excessive involvement. The establishment of the concept “Employer Branding” is bringing separate disciplines of Human Resource Management (HRM) and brand marketing into a single conceptual framework. The objective of the study is to develop a conceptual model between constructs of talent management practices, perceived employer branding and employee psychological contract for Sri Lankan IT and software service sector. The archival method was adopted while having a comprehensive reviewing process. A conceptual model was developed while operationalizing of independent and dependent variables. Based on the exploratory review, empirical, methodological and knowledge gaps have been identified between three key constructs; talent management practices, perceived employer branding and employee psychological contract. In the developed conceptual model, it was identified the talent management practices as the independent variable, perceived employer branding as the dependent variable and employee psychological contract as the mediating variable. The descriptive explanation of boundaries among key variables is of a vital contribution to the entire frame of knowledge on HRM literature as this study addresses the knowledge gap of the impact of talent management practices on perceived employer branding while having a mediating effect of employee psychological contract in Sri Lankan IT and software services sector.
Stabilization of Cr, Pb, and Zn in Soil Using Lignite

A uniform multivariable model system was used to investigate whether lignite from Visonta (Hungary) has a stabilizing effect on the heavy metals Cr, Pb, and Zn in the case of complex soil contamination with these metals. The investigated soil was acidic sand. Soluble element concentrations extracted by distilled water, ammonium acetate buffer, and ammonium-acetate + EDTA extractant were determined. The effect of lignite on the humus quality of the soil and its influence on the cation exchange capacity was also measured. The results were evaluated using analysis of variance, regression analysis, and principal component analysis. The results indicated that lignite was capable of stabilizing Pb, Zn, and particularly Cr. According to the optical method, lignite did not increase the amount of higher condensation and polymerization humic fractions, but it did increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil. If the lignite-based remediation technology is to become applicable in practice, further tests will be required on the efficiency of lignite, accompanied by a change in the scale of the experiments.
SECURITY The Road to Less Trusted Code Lowering the Barrier to In-Process Sandboxing

The problem is especially acute with third-party open source libraries. You might care about one aspect of what the library does, but you ship the whole library, and bugs in any part of it can create security problems in your product. That is, unless you fork the library to remove the extraneous code, but who wants to maintain a fork forever? Worse, hackers who find a bug in a popular library can try to deploy it against every product that embeds the library—including yours.
A Hot Mess | Articles | Inference: International Review of Science

that there exists a fundamental link between heat generation in computing devices and the computational logic in use.1 According to Landauer, this heating effect is the result of a connection between the logic of computation and the fundamental laws of thermodynamics. The minimum heat generated by computation, he argued, is fixed by rules independent of its physical implementation. The limits are fixed by the logic and are the same no matter the hardware, or the way in which the logic is implemented. His analysis became the foundation for both a new literature, termed “the thermodynamics of computation” by Charles Bennett,2 and a new physical law, Landauer’s principle.3
Computer-aided training of Japanese learners of English to improve their performance of listening and speaking

The main aim of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), defined as ”the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning. ”, is to find methods for helping second language learners to learn language by using the computer. Reading, writing, speaking, and listening are the necessary language skills. Here, we found the possibility of computer use for helping Japanese English learners to practice listening skills and speaking skills. For CALL of listening, robustness in listening is investigated and compared between learners and native speakers, and then we tried to find methods of training to help learners to improve the robustness. For CALL of speaking, learners’ pronunciation diversity or errors was modeled adequately with a G2P toolkit, phonetisaurus, to predict phonemic sequences that will be perceived by native listeners when they listen to any words pronounced by Japanese learners. Then, based on variations generated by phonetisaurus, phoneme error detection is carried out.
Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19.cdr

The cataclysmic effect of a tiny virus has turned over the norms of the world and the people are social distancing, isolating and even shielding from others. Because we are battling with an unknown enemy, we started with some drugs that have a suspicion of potential against corona virus infection. The government is on toes in handling the lives of people, which leads to the frequent revised guidelines in the therapy, prevention, body disposal and drug/ vaccine development. The entirety of management of this disease is left to the acumens of astute finish. The outbreak was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. WHO declared it as a pandemic on 11 th March (“WHO, Novel Coronavirus – Thailand (ex-China),” 2020). As of September 9th, 2020, more than 2 crore 75 Lakh cases of COVID-19 have been reported globally resulting in more than 9 Lakh deaths, creating consequent fear and panic among ourselves. 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, MERS CoV, SARS and SARS CoV2 are the seven corona viruses identified and causes mild common cold-like symptoms to lower respiratory tract infections in humans.
Immune Checkpoints in Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer (uterine corpus endometrial cancer; EC) is the most frequently occurring gynecologic cancer in the Western world. It is estimated that in the United States, there will be 65,620 new cases of this disease in 2020, and a projected 12,590 deaths due to this disease . EC is generally diagnosed at an early stage and is well managed with surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy. More than 80% of patients diagnosed with early stage EC achieve a 5-year overall survival rate . However, EC patients with advanced/recurrent disease have a poor outcome, such that those with distant metastasis have a five-year survival rate of approximately 16% . This latter category of EC patients responds poorly to current management treatments, and hence, the use of novel therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is often considered for these advanced/recurrent disease EC patients.
INFLUENCE OF BRUCELLA MELITENSIS ON MDA OXIDATIVE STRESS AND COMET ASSAY DNA DAMAGE AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGE IN THE INTERNAL ORGAN OF FEMALE RATS IMMUNIZED WITH REV-1 AND GOLD NANOPARTICLES

In order to investigate the role of the Brucella melitensis infection in induce oxidative stress and the role of gold nanoparticle with and without Rev-1 vaccine and with freund complete adjuvant in protective of female rat against B. melitensis infection and effects on DNA damage. And the current study showed the role of the Brucella melitensis infection induce comet assay DNA damage with all rat immunized with Rev-1 and with or without gold nanoparticles and freund complete adjuvant. 60 female rats divided into six group treated as following. 1 group administered with Rev-1vaccine live attenuated of Brucella melitensis S/C. 2 group administered with gold nanoparticle and Rev1vaccine S/C. 3 group treated with gold nanoparticle. 4 group administered with gold nanoparticle with Rev-1 and freund complete adjuvant S/C. 5 group served as control positive and six group served as control negative. all groups infected with Brucella meletinsis of challenge dose after 30 day post immunization. At the end of experimental blood sample collected from animals under euthanized and ethical condition and taken to evaluated the MDA oxidative stress and comet assay DNA damage. The result showed low oxidative stress of MDA in 1 group and more low in 2 group but show most lowest in the 4 group. And showed highest level of MDA in control positive group infected only with Brucella melitensis of challenge dose. And the result showed low comet assay DNA damage in 1 group and more low in 2 group but show most lowest in the 4 group. And showed highest level comet assay DNA damage in control positive group infected only with Brucella melitensis of challenge dose. Keyword : Brucella melitensis, Rev-1, Gold nanoparticles and Freund complete adjuvent.
Estimate the Prevalence of Renal Dysfunction in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

INTRODUCTION: The association between COPD and renal dysfunction has not been frequently assessed. Lean mass is frequently reduced in COPD, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) might be depressed in spite of normal serum creatinine (concealed CRF-Chronic Renal Failure). We investigated the prevalence and correlates of both concealed and overt CRF in patients with COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period of may 2017 to April 2018, a cross sectional observational study was done. 364 patients who were diagnosed as COPD were included in the study. In all the 364 cases, GFR was estimated using the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation. Patients were categorized as having normal renal function, concealed CRF (normal serum creatinine and reduced GFR), or overt CRF (increased serum creatinine and reduced GFR). Independent correlates of CRF were investigated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of concealed and overt CRF in patients with COPD was 6.6% and 18.4% respectively. Significant risk factors associated with the development of renal dysfunction are Age > 60, mMRC grade ≥ 2, FEV1% ≤ 50% (GOLD 3 and 4), Smokers with pack years > 40. Associations between explanatory variables and renal failure were examined by a logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Renal dysfunction should be considered a comorbidity of COPD, and it should be screened for because its recognition might either directly affect clinical practice or have prognostic implications. Within the context of the rising interest in systemic features of COPD and related comorbidities, Renal dysfunction should not be ignored because it frequently cannot be recognized on the basis of serum creatinine.
A POSITIVE KRIGING APPROACH FOR MISSING RAINFALL ESTIMATION

Rainfall data provide fundamental input for various water resources management applications such as design of hydraulic structures, water budget analysis, streamflow estimation, flood frequency analysis and flood forecasting. Hydrologists are often required to estimate areal average rainfall over the catchment and/or point rainfall values at ungauged locations from observed sample measurements at neighbouring locations. Conventionally, stochastic spatial interpolation methods such as kriging are the most commonly used methods for estimating missing point rainfall values at any desired locations based on the available recorded values at neighbouring gauges. However, traditional kriging offers a major weakness because it requires a priori definition of the mathematical function for the variogram model that represents spatial correlations among data points and thus significantly impacts the performance of the methods. The robustness of kriging methods heavily depends on how the variogram model is constructed. Another limitation of traditional kriging is that negative kriging weights are often obtained as a part of the solution for satisfying the requirement of unbiased constraints in the kriging algorithm. It is the variogram that determines the magnitudes of negative weights based on the degree of continuity of the variable. Since positive weights cannot be obtained based on the solutions of kriging algorithms in many cases and thereby positive estimates of desired variables (rainfall in this study) in target locations cannot be ensured in many hydrological applications. In such case, negative weights (when assigned to high rainfall values) lead to negative estimates of rainfall values at the target or base station, which does not make any physical sense. Therefore, in this study, a positive kriging approach is presented where negative kriging weights can be eliminated through a technique called ‘positive kriging’ in the current study. The proposed positive kriging confirms the estimation of positive weights in the traditional ordinary kriging and hence positive estimates in the target or base station. The approach is applied to estimate missing rainfall values at a rain gauge station (Faridpur station in this study) through spatial interpolation using the historical rainfall data from a network of sixteen raingauge stations for a case study area in Bangladesh. The results indicate that Gaussian variogram is identified as the best fitted variogram model and ordinary kriging with the Gaussian variogram model gives the best estimates of the missing rainfall at the base station. This study conclusively proves that the missing rainfall estimation through spatial interpolation by the proposed positive kriging approach could be a viable option to estimate missing rainfall data in the field of hydrology and water resource engineering.