Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Anterior Maxillary Alveolar Ridge Dimension andMorphology - A Retrospective Analysis of Cone Beam ComputedTomography Images in South Indian Population

Purpose: Rehabilitation of missing maxillary anterior teeth with implants is very challenging as aesthetics dominates the outcome, CBCT is an invaluable tool aiding in radiographic assessment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment of 84 CBCT scans of maxillary central, lateral incisors and canines (252 teeth) was done to evaluate alveolar height, width, buccal undercut location. Gender comparison was done for the above mentioned parameters. Results: The average alveolar height and width at maxillary anterior region ranged between 17.47 and 11.12 mm, respectively. Alveolar width was more for centrals and canines. The lateral incisors had deep buccal undercut. There was no significant difference in parameters among genders. Conclusion: The study adds to the ridge dimensions data and throws light on the precautions needed for implant planning. Lateral incisors need special precautions. Alveolar dimension assessment will have a direct influence on aesthetic outcome and stability of implants. The study adds emphasises detailing of essential precautions and thorough radiographic evaluation for successful outcome.
Ceramic composite with the incorporation of graphene oxide self-assembly coated Si3N4 powders

Graphene oxide (GO) coated silicon nitride (Si3N4@GO) composite powders were prepared with the electrostatic self-assembly mechanism. The experimental results showed that the coating of Si3N4 particles by GO can be successfully achieved through the surface modification of Si3N4 particles using γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). An advanced Al2O3-based ceramic material with the addition of Si3N4@GO composite powders (Al2O3/(Si3N4@rGO)) was fabricated by vacuum hot-pressing sintering (HP) technology, and their mechanical properties and microstructure were analyzed. The microstructure analysis showed that the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were dispersed homogeneously in the matrix and bonded with the matrix grains tightly. The mechanical properties such as Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength was 18.6 GPa, 7.6 MPa m 1/2 and 626 MPa, respectively. Compared with the Al2O3/rGO, the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength were increased by 8.1%, 22.6%, and 28.8%, respectively.
Automatic Generation of Input Grammars Using Symbolic Execution

Invalid input often leads to unexpected behavior in a program and is behind a plethora of known and unknown vulnerabilities. To prevent improper input from being processed, the input needs to be validated before the rest of the program executes. Formal language theory facilitates the definition and recognition of proper inputs. We focus on the problem of defining valid input after the program has already been written. We construct a parser that infers the structure of inputs which avoid vulnerabilities while existing work focuses on inferring the structure of input the program anticipates. We present a tool that constructs an input language, given the program as input, using symbolic execution on symbolic arguments. This differs from existing work which tracks the execution of concrete inputs to infer a grammar. We test our tool on programs with known vulnerabilities, including programs in the GNU Coreutils library, and we demonstrate how the parser catches known invalid inputs. We conclude that the synthesis of the complete parser cannot be entirely automated due to limitations of symbolic execution tools and issues of computability. A more comprehensive parser must additionally be informed by examples and counterexamples of the input language.
Comparative Study of Cryptocurrency Algorithms: Coronavirus Towards Bitcoin’s Expansion

The widespread presence of Corona virus (COVID-19) is causing organizations and individuals major economics downsizing The way this virus is transmitted from one individual to another is the real cause of the problem For that, researchers in different fields started seriously looking for touch-less and contact-less exchange Particularly in the finance world, cash transactions and key pad based transactions are becoming obsolete because they are some of the major causes of the spread of this virus (and other viruses and bacteria) Cryptocurrency could be one of the solutions to the above mentioned situation This novel money is based on Blockchain technology, which is based on cryptography algorithms for the safety and the security of the transactions This paper exhibits a comparative study of the asymmetric cryptography algorithms This helps the user to best choose the most secure, safe and reliable method to encrypt/decrypt the transactions created in the Blockchain © 2020 ASTES Publishers All rights reserved
Self-Learning Algorithm to Predict Indoor Temperature and Cooling Demand from Smart WiFi Thermostat in a Residential Building

Smart WiFi thermostats have moved well beyond the function they were originally designed for; namely, controlling heating and cooling comfort in buildings. They are now also learning from occupant behaviors and permit occupants to control their comfort remotely. This research seeks to go beyond this state of the art by utilizing smart WiFi thermostat data in residences to develop dynamic predictive models for room temperature and cooling/heating demand. These models can then be used to estimate the energy savings from new thermostat temperature schedules and estimate peak load reduction achievable from maintaining a residence in a minimum thermal comfort condition. Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Encoder-Decoder LSTM dynamic models are explored. Results demonstrate that LSTM outperforms BPNN and Encoder-Decoder LSTM approach, yielding and a MAE error of 0.5 °C, equal to the resolution error of the measured temperature. Additionally, the models developed are shown to be highly accurate in predicting savings from aggressive thermostat set point schedules, yielding deep reduction of up to 14.3% for heating and cooling, as well as significant energy reduction from curtailed thermal comfort in response to a high demand event.
Designing and Implementing Gamification: GaDeP, Gamifire, and applied Case Studies

Gamification aims at addressing problems in various fields such as the high dropout rates, the lack of engagement, isolation, or the lack of personalisation faced by Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC). Even though gamification is widely applied, not only in MOOCs, only few cases are meaningfully designed and empirically tested. The Gamification Design Process (GaDeP) aims to cover this gap. This article first briefly introduces GaDeP, presents the concept of meaningful gamification, and derives how it motivates the need for the Gamifire platform (as a scalable and platform-independent reference infrastructure for MOOC). Secondly, it defines the requirements for platformindependent gamification and describes the development of the Gamifire infrastructure. Thirdly we describe how Gamifire was successfully applied in four different cases. Finally, the applicability of GaDeP beyond MOOC is presented by reporting on a case study where GaDeP has been successfully applied by four student research and development projects. From both, the Gamifire cases and the GaDeP cases we derive the key contribution of this article: insights in the strengths and weaknesses of the Gamifire infrastructure as well as lessons learned about the applicability and limitations of the GaDeP framework. The paper ends detailing our future works and planned development activities.
Effects of climate change on the long-run crops' yields in Nigeria.

The study investigated the impact of climate change on yields of leading food crops in Nigeria and assessed the transmission channels of climate shocks to welfare. Long-run causality test, Markov-switching regression and Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) model were used. Long-run causality between climate change and crop yields was not rejected. A rise in temperature by 1% reduces crop yields by -0.12% in the regime of high yield while 1% increase in rainfall increases yields by 0.21% and 0.26%, respectively in high and low yield period. Shocks to welfare is traceable to climate change via crop yields and food prices effect.
Pro- and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of an Inhibitor of Chymotrypsin-Like

The irreversible inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethylketone (TPCK), was shown to prevent internucleosomal DNA cleavage caused by inducers of apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic properties of TPCK have been studied less thoroughly. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pro- and anti-apoptotic activities of TPCK on HL-60 cells and compare them with the actions of the mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor antimycin A (AMA). The results showed that TPCK alone caused activation of cell cycle checkpoints, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and chromatin condensation. Caspase-8 was not required for cytochrome c release but was crucial to caspase-3 activation. TPCK synergistically enhanced AMA-induced cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation while completely blocking AMA-induced internucleosomal DNA fragmentation for at least 8 hours. Rather than blocking AMA-induced DNA fragmentation, the general serine protease inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride (AEBSF) actually enhanced it. The pro-apoptotic effect of TPCK may be due to activation of cell cycle checkpoints via inhibition of the proteasome. The apoptotic pathways activated by TPCK and AMA probably converge at the level of the mitochondria. The mode by which TPCK prevents internucleosomal DNA fragmentation is probably not through serine protease inhibition.
On the vertical distribution of sulphur compounds in the lower troposphere

The aim of this paper is to discuss the results of aircraft measurements of atmospheric sulphur dioxide made over Hungary and to compare the sulphur dioxide profile with the vertical distribution of sulphate particles based on earlier sulphate measurements over Hungary. It is shown that atmospheric SO 2 concentration decreases more rapidly with height than sulphate concentration. Finally, some data on the vertical as well as the horizontal change of the atmospheric SO 2- 4 /SO 2 ratio as a function of the distance from anthropogenic sources are presented. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1978. tb00871.x
Trade marks and registered designs: Evidence on the links to innovation and business performance

Applications for trade marks and registered designs have risen sharply in recent years with the application numbers for trade marks in 2017 being more than double what they were in 1995, and the application numbers for registered designs in 2016 reaching their highest point since 1995. In light of this, what does the evidence suggest about the relationship between trade marks/registered designs and innovation output?
Infradian rhythmicity in egg production features in relation to antioxidant profiles of Rhode Island Red (RIR) birds reared at backyard in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal during summer stress

Abstract Egg production features viz. weekly hen day and egg weight together with some stress markers were studied in RIR birds reared under backyard in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal. Overall, weekly hen day average and egg weight in summer was 3.39 ± 0.09 and 45.13 ± 0.24 g, respectively. But the pattern of egg production in various zones is not same, as significant egg production difference (P ≤ 0.01) among zones was noticed in summer, from 26th to 37th week. There was significant (P ≤ 0.01) correlation between weekly hen day average and egg weight on 26th, 35th and 37th week (P ≤ 0.05). The observed overall level of antioxidant enzymes viz. SOD (U/g of Hb), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (μmol/L), TAS (mmol/L) and LDH (IU/L) were 0.56 ± 0.61, 565.15 ± 0.61, 1.43 ± 0.61 and 203.05 ± 0.61, respectively, irrespective of zones. It was observed that mean concentration of SOD, GHS-Px, TAS and LDH of RIR birds reared at backyard have positive association with weekly hen day average and average egg weight throughout summer stress. The current findings showed that RIR birds reared at backyard had better adaptation ability to summer stress in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal.
The Role of Reentrancies in Abstract Meaning Representation Parsing

Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parsing aims at converting sentences into AMR representations. These are graphs and not trees because AMR supports reentrancies (nodes with more than one parent). Following previous findings on the importance of reen- trancies for AMR, we empirically find and discuss several linguistic phenomena respon- sible for reentrancies in AMR, some of which have not received attention before. We cate- gorize the types of errors AMR parsers make with respect to reentrancies. Furthermore, we find that correcting these errors provides an in- crease of up to 5% Smatch in parsing perfor- mance and 20% in reentrancy prediction
Influence of extracts from Chinese herbs according to different therapeutic prinples on the differentiation of neural stem cell in vitro

To investigate the influence of some extracts from Chinese herbs in different therapeutic principles on the differentiation and maturation of neural stem cell.Neural stem cell was isolated from fetal rats rats.The cells were passaged three times.The cultured rat neural stem cells were plated on poly-D-lysin coated 24-well culture plates. β-tubin was used as the marker of immaturity neuron,tau as the marker of maturity neuron. The expression of β-tubin and tau mRNA were analyzed with RT-PCR method.The influence of baicalin,jasminoidin,Astragaloside IV Notoginsenoside extracted from Chinese herbs in different therapeutic principles on the differentiation and maturation was investigated.Baicilin and jasminoidin could induce neural stem cells differentiated to neuron specificity,while combined with Astragaloside IV and Notoginsenoside could promote the maturation of the differentiated neuron. [Conclusion]The comined use of Chinese herbs in differentiated therapeutic principles can promote the neuranagenesis.
An Analysis of an Input Impedance of a Regulated Cascode Cross Couple Power Amplifier

The input impedance of a regulated cascode cross couple amplifier is derived. The frequency response of the input impedance polynomial form can be plotted with MATLAB. From the polynomial form of the input impedance of the proposed circuit, it can be transformed by substitute complex frequency s with jω into the polynomial form equation. After that, this function can be grouped into a symbolic real and a symbolic imaginary form. The next step in derivation is to multiply this function with a complex conjugate function of the symbolic complex form of the input impedance. The last step is to plot a real and an imaginary part as a function of the input frequency so that the power amplifier can be matching with the various matching circuit according to the condition of the maximum power transfer.
Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML): failure to detect residual normal committed stem cells in vitro

Granulocytic colonies grown in culture from marrow and peripheral blood from five patients with Ph1-positive CML and heterozygous at the G-6-PD locus were analyzed for G-6-PD in order to identify CFU-C that do not arise from the CML clone. The patients had both B and A enzymes in normal tissues, but their CML clones typed as B. Whereas about 50% of colonies from normal subjects heterozygous as the G-6-PD locus show type-A G-6-PD and 50% type B, only two of the 1308 colonies from the CML patients had type-A G-6-PD. These data provide little evidence for persistence of normal committed stem cells in CML, a finding in contrast to that made previously in polycythemia vera, another clonal stem cell myeloproliferative disorder.
English-to-Chinese Transliteration with Phonetic Auxiliary Task

Approaching named entities transliteration as a Neural Machine Translation (NMT) problem is common practice. While many have applied various NMT techniques to enhance machine transliteration models, few focus on the linguistic features particular to the relevant languages. In this paper, we investigate the effect of incorporating phonetic features for English-to-Chinese transliteration under the multi-task learning (MTL) setting—where we define a phonetic auxiliary task aimed to improve the generalization performance of the main transliteration task. In addition to our system, we also release a new English-to-Chinese dataset and propose a novel evaluation metric which considers multiple possible transliterations given a source name. Our results show that the multi-task model achieves similar performance as the previous state of the art with a model of a much smaller size.
IJSRD-International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 6, Issue 02, 2018 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

Fossil fuel plastics derived from petroleum are very common in our lives and we cannot think our day without their use. At the same time they are nonbiodegradable and produce greenhouse gases, thus causing an environment problem. The solution to this problem is biodegradable bioplastic. Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, pea starch or microbiota. There is a variety of materials that bioplastics can be composed of, including: starches, cellulose, or other biopolymers. In this paper we are dealing with the making of bioplastics from cellulose and for cellulose we will use waste newspapers as our raw material. In this process cellulose is taken out from waste newspapers by decomposing them. Then cellulose is decomposed into starch/glucose by process called Cellulolysis which is done with the help of enzymes. Finally, bioplastic is prepared in lab by starch/glucose.
Antisense repression of cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in potato (Solanum tuberosunfi results in severe growth retardation

The aim of this work was to investigate the role of cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (PGM; EC 5.4.2.2) in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Many in vitro studies have indicated that PGM plays a central role in carbohydrate metabolism; however, until now the importance of this enzyme in plants has not been subject to reverse-genetics investigations. With this intention we cloned the cytosolic isoform of potato PGM (SrcPGM) and expressed this in the antisense orientation under the control of the CaMV 35 S promoter in potato plants. We confirmed that these plants contained reduced total PGM activity and that loss in activity was due specifically to a reduction in cytosolic PGM activity. These plants were characterised by a severe phenotype: stunted aerial growth combined with limited root growth and a reduced tuber yield. Analysis of the metabolism of these lines revealed that leaves of these plants were inhibited in sucrose synthesis whereas the tubers exhibited decreased levels of sucrose and starch as well as decreased levels of glycolytic intermediates but possessed unaltered levels of adenylates. Furthermore, a broader metabolite screen utilising GC-MS profiling revealed that these lines con tained altered levels of several intermediates of the TCA cycle and of amino acids. In summary, we conclude that cytosolic PGM plays a crucial role in the sucrose synthetic pathway within the leaf and in starch accu mulation within the tuber, and as such is important in the maintenance of sink-source relationships.
Segmental Palsy of the Iris Sphincter in Adie's Syndrome

• In most persons with Adie's syndrome, the affected pupil shows some residual light reaction. This residual reaction is always a segmental contraction of the iris sphincter. Most of these pupils have lost more than half of their sphincter function and continue to lose more with the passage of time. The loss of light reaction in the denervated pupils seems to occur randomly around the sphincter without any clear predilection for one quadrant. Segmental palsies of the iris sphincter are characteristic of Adie's syndrome, but they are not pathognomonic. They can also be due to partial damage to the preganglionic oculomotor nerve or to its nucleus in the midbrain.
Chronic Allograft Dysfunction in the Renal Transplant Recipient: An Ongoing Challenge for the Transplant Physician

Introduction of cyclosporine, over thirty years ago, led to a notable improvement in renal allograft survival rates especially in the first-year following transplantation. Unfortunately, this success has still not translated into similar gains in the long-term. The pathogenesis of chronic allograft dysfunction is often multifactorial. Donor factors, acute rejection episodes, infections, nephrotoxic drugs, recurrent glomerular disease and donor specific antibodies all contribute to chronic allograft loss. Donor specific antibodies have been recognised as a major risk factor for reduced allograft survival in the long term manifested as chronic antibody mediated rejection. Transplant glomerulopathy, though largely considered to morphologically represent chronic antibody mediated rejection, can also arise secondary to other aetiologies including hepatitis C and thrombotic microangiopathy. In clinical practice, allograft dysfunction is generally identified by a rise in serum creatinine or new proteinuria. It is unfortunate that these markers rise rather late in the course of ongoing chronic allograft nephropathy. Once transplant glomerulopathy is established, the allograft outcomes are poor. An improved understanding, early identification and treatment of the underlying pathologies contributing to chronic allograft injury and eventual graft loss is essential. This review is aimed to define the investigations required to establish the underlying cause, differential diagnoses and management of chronic allograft dysfunction in a renal transplant recipient.
Robotic vs. laparoscopic major hepatectomy

The introduction of laparoscopic technology and surgical robots in hepatobiliary surgery in the 1990s and 2000s, respectively, has dramatically revolutionized the field. Even though laparoscopic and robotic major hepatectomy was slower to adopt compared to minimally-invasive minor hepatectomy, the number of major hepatectomies performed with both approaches worldwide has significantly increased and is still rising. Despite the few comparative studies between laparoscopic and robotic major hepatectomy, most studies are focused on describing the procedures or reporting the outcomes of each method, either separately, or mixed with minor hepatectomies. Based on the available data, the direct comparison between the two techniques has shown that when robotic major hepatectomy is performed by experienced hepatobiliary surgeons in high-volume centers, it can lead to similar operating times, estimated blood loss, hospital length of stay, complication and mortality rates compared to its laparoscopic counterpart. The likelihood of achieving a margin-negative resection in cancer patients, as well as long-term disease-free and overall-survival are comparable between the groups. However, broader adoption of the robotic approach might be a hurdle in low-volume centers due to the high fixed capital and annual maintenance cost of the surgical robot.