Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of state support programs for small business: A regional aspect

This paper aims to evaluate SME support programs in the context of institutional theory. The methodological basis of the study is the theory of transaction costs, which makes it possible to develop the theoretical aspects of evaluating the effectiveness of state programs by including a new factor in the analysis, i.e. various types of the funds recipients’ transaction costs. The authors raise question about the effectiveness of the applied entrepreneurship support programs using the case study of Chelyabinsk and Chelyabinsk region. We analyse the main requirements to applicants, time costs for obtaining subsidies, as well as feedback indicators. On the one hand, we reveal that government bodies impose strict requirements for applicants. On the other hand, the demand for government financial support from SMEs is low. The researchers assess transaction costs of subsidies recipients by transforming time costs into financial costs and conclude that the level of SME transaction costs when submitting applications is insignificant. The main reason behind SME’s reluctance to participate in the tender for the allocation of budget funds is a high level of transaction costs of a different nature, that is losses associated with stepping out of the “shadow” when providing information for authorities. The practical application of the results is aimed at improving the adequacy of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of SME support programs for the institutional constraints of the Russian small business.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership of The Principal and The Ability of Management to Work Motivation of Teacher Guidance and Counseling at Senior High School of Medan

This study intends to determine the effect of transformational leadership of the principal and principal's management ability to the work motivation of teacher guidance and counseling at senior high school of Medan. In addition, also to find out which greater the effect of transformational leadership of the principal and the ability of management of work motivation of teachers' guidance and counseling in senior high school of Medan. The sample of this research is teacher guidance and counseling with amount of 148 people. This research method is descriptive percentage. The results of this study indicate that the effect of transformational leadership of the principal to the motivation of teacher guidance and counseling in senior high school of medan with significant level robserved> rtable (0,401> 0,161) and also the effect of management ability to motivation of teacher guidance and counseling at senior high school of Medan with significant level is robserved> rtable (0,261> 0,161). From the data result above, it can be seen that the head master's transformational leadership is more influential on the motivation of teacher guidance and counseling work in At senior high school of Medan with robserved 0,401.
Promoting low-flow anaesthesia and volatile anaesthetic agent choice

Background As doctors, we are increasingly aware of the financial implications of our practice. The need to work in a more conscientious, efficacious and cost-effective manner is greater than ever before. Environmental and financial benefits can be seen through employing the use of low-flow anaesthesia. Aims This quality improvement project aimed to make anaesthetic practice more environmentally friendly and to reduce departmental spending. This could be achieved by promoting the use of low-flow anaesthesia and by encouraging isoflurane use where appropriate. Methods All anaesthetic consultants and trainees were invited to fill out an initial questionnaire relating to their personal preferences and practices when conducting anaesthesia. There were specific questions relating to low-flow anaesthesia and isoflurane use. Our main measure of improvement was any decrease in the number of bottles of volatile agent ordered by the department from pharmacy. Monthly spot audits were conducted to assess gas flow rates and volatile agent use in theatre. Departmental spending figures relating to the purchase of volatile agent bottles were obtained from pharmacy. Information was then disseminated to anaesthetists on a monthly basis via a ‘low-flow board’, which showed pictorial and graphical representations of differing gas flows and volatile agent usage in relation to cost. Results Our project showed a trend for the increased use of low-flow anaesthesia within the department. We also showed a decrease in the number of bottles of volatile agent ordered: 18% fewer bottles ordered compared with the same period the previous year. This represented a 25% decrease in total departmental expenditure on volatile agents despite an increase in theatre activity. Conclusion Increasing awareness regarding anaesthetic choices and promoting low-flow anaesthesia and isoflurane use, translated into an overall decreased departmental spend on volatile agents without affecting patient care.
State of Public Finance and Fiscal Management in India during 2001-16

During 2001-16, State Finances in India have undergone significant changes in both revenue mobilization and controlling expenditures which helped states to contain deficits (revenue as well as fiscal). Introduction of Value Added Tax (VAT) helped states to augment revenue mobilization whereas adoption of Fiscal Responsibility Budget Management (FRBM) Act helped states in prudential fiscal management. During the period, the improvement in union finances was not as good as state finances. There were two significant shocks to Indian public finances during 2001-16 - firstly, introduction of pay revision for the union as well as majority state government employees, in response to recommendations of the Sixth Central Pay Commission and secondly, global financial crisis (2008-09). States experienced revenue shocks mostly through fall in states' share in central taxes and a mild fall in own tax revenue mobilization during 2008-10. Higher pressure on revenue expenditure due to implementation of the pay commission recommendations (including revision of pensions and payment of arrears) and falling share in central taxes resulted in rise in revenue deficits for states during 2008-10. As a strategy to combat fiscal shocks, different states adopted different measures and some of the measures have inter-temporal implications. The objective of the present paper is to assess the impact of the shocks in Indian public finances and identify challenges for the times to come. Though increasing revenue (`front loading') and reducing expenditure (`back loading') are common responses to any fiscal shock, understanding inter-temporal implications of those responses with specific to changing structure of inter-governmental fiscal transfers could be an interesting exercise.
Simultaneous Localization of a Receiver and Mapping of Multipath Generating Geometry in Indoor Environments

This paper presents an algorithm that aims at combining the pre-existing and dominating applications of radio signals, namely communication, navigation and sensing of an environment into an integrated approach. In wireless propagation the transmitted signal is reflected and scattered by objects. Especially in indoor or urban scenarios, the signal reaching the receive antenna consists of multiple paths, called multipath. Multipath reception degrades the accuracy of the positioning device as long as the receiver is based on standard methods. With Channel-SLAM we introduced an algorithm which uses multipath components (MPCs) for positioning instead of mitigating them. In this paper, we show that MPCs allow us in addition to estimating the position of a receiver, to estimate the locations of reflecting surfaces and scatterers. We show that these estimations relate to floor plans of indoor environments. To verify the proposed algorithm, we evaluate the algorithm based on measurements using an ultra-wideband (UWB) system, the Decawaves DW1000 UWB transceiver.
Rotating electrical machine

The invention relates to a rotating electric machine (10) comprising a stator (20) having a plurality of poles (28), and a rotor (30) having a plurality of poles (32, 38), wherein at least either a first pole (28) of the stator (20) has a width that differs from a width of a second pole (28) of the stator (20), or a first pole (32, 38) of the rotor (30) has a width that differs from a width of a second pole (32, 38) of the rotor (30).
The Effect of Hedging with Financial Derivatives on Firm Value at Indonesia Stock Exchange

This study aims to analyze the effect of hedging for the risks of foreign currency, interest rate, and commodity price on firm value as measured by Tobin’s Q. The findings reveal that hedging with derivative instruments is insignificantly related to firm value but significantly varied in financial risks. Hedging for foreign currency risk has a significantly positive relation to firm value, while hedging for interest rate and commodity price risk has no relation. Furthermore, this study provides a novelty compared to previous studies in the utilization of the extent of hedging as the variable to measure the implementation of hedging.
Weakly-Supervised Simultaneous Evidence Identification and Segmentation for Automated Glaucoma Diagnosis

Evidence identification, optic disc segmentation and automated glaucoma diagnosis are the most clinically significant tasks for clinicians to assess fundus images. However, delivering the three tasks simultaneously is extremely challenging due to the high variability of fundus structure and lack of datasets with complete annotations. In this paper, we propose an innovative Weakly-Supervised Multi-Task Learning method (WSMTL) for accurate evidence identification, optic disc segmentation and automated glaucoma diagnosis. The WSMTL method only uses weak-label data with binary diagnostic labels (normal/glaucoma) for training, while obtains pixel-level segmentation mask and diagnosis for testing. The WSMTL is constituted by a skip and densely connected CNN to capture multi-scale discriminative representation of fundus structure; a well-designed pyramid integration structure to generate high-resolution evidence map for evidence identification, in which the pixels with higher value represent higher confidence to highlight the abnormalities; a constrained clustering branch for optic disc segmentation; and a fully-connected discriminator for automated glaucoma diagnosis. Experimental results show that our proposed WSMTL effectively and simultaneously delivers evidence identification, optic disc segmentation (89.6% TP Dice), and accurate glaucoma diagnosis (92.4% AUC). This endows our WSMTL a great potential for the effective clinical assessment of glaucoma.
Are Corporate Codes of Ethics and Risk Assessment by Internal Auditors Associated with Sustainability Audits by Internal Auditors

An increasing number of organizations engage in sustainability reporting to the public. However, assurance of this disclosure is relatively new. In this study we investigate corporate codes of ethics and risk assessment by internal auditors as correlates of organizations engaging their internal audit functions (IAFs) in sustainability audits. Using data from a large sample of chief audit executives (CAEs) we find significant and positive associations between code of conduct and risk assessment and sustainability audits by IAFs. Also, we find positive and significant association between industry (environmetnally sensitive vs. others), CAE experience, and CAE major (accounting vs. others) and sustainability audts by IAFs. Other control variables (organization size, CAE grad/undergrad degrees, and CAEcpe do not indicate significanance in their association with sustainability audits by IAFs. These results have implications for design of sustainability reporting by various organizations and assurance of such reporting by internal auditors.
The Impact of Social Exchange Relationship Perception on Employees' Adaptive Performance: The Mediating Role of Emotional Commitment

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between employees' social exchange relationship perception and adaptive performance. Based on the social exchange theory and performance management theory, this study investigated 258 employees in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region by questionnaires, and then do data processing by regression analysis. Results show that social exchange relationship perception has a significant positive predictive effect on adaptive performance and the same for its three dimensions. Also, emotional commitment plays a mediating role in social exchange relationship perception and adaptive performance. This study enriches the mechanism exploring about employee adaptive performance from the perspective of social exchange relations, and may have some value for corporate to improve performance management. Keywords—social exchange; relationship perception; emotional commitment; adaptive performance
Brain Boosters: Rejuvenate and Invigorate Your Students in Five Minutes or Less

All teachers whether in teacher training, field experience, student teaching, substitute teaching or covering a class; need an arsenal of short activity breaks aimed at increasing heart rate for students, or for allowing a “brain boost” for better focus, creativity and to become more mentally productive. Brain boosters are examples of quick, easy, and inexpensive ways to accomplish an increased heart rate without leaving a classroom. All activities listed have been developed and practiced during teacher candidate seminars throughout the past four years. The article provides a list of ideas and instructional steps to entice the students to get up and move.
SECOND AND THIRD LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ SENSITIVITY TO JAPANESE PITCH ACCENT IS ADDITIVE

Abstract This study examines second (L2) and third (L3) language learners’ pitch perception. We test the hypothesis that a listener’s discrimination of and sensitivity (d’) to Japanese pitch accent reflects how pitch cues inform all words a listener knows in an additive, nonselective manner rather than how pitch cues inform words in a selective, Japanese-only manner. Six groups of listeners performed a speeded ABX discrimination task in Japanese. Groups were defined by their L1, L2, and L3 experience with the target language’s pitch cues (Japanese), a language with less informative pitch cues (English), or a language with more informative pitch cues (Mandarin Chinese). Results indicate that sensitivity to pitch is better modeled as a function of pitch’s informativeness across all languages a listener speaks. These findings support cue-centric views of perception and transfer, demonstrate potential advantageous transfer of tonal-L1/L2 speakers, and highlight the cumulative role that pitch plays in language learning.
Individual and Contextual Correlates of Marital Change across the Transition to Parenthood.

To explore multiple prenatal antecedents and postnatal correlates of change in marital adjustment and satisfaction in men and women across the transition to parenthood, 102 couples from diverse sociocultural backgrounds were studied longitudinally from pregnancy to the 9th postpartum month. Guided by an ecological model, the pre- and postnatal assessments included questionnaires of marital adjustment, personality traits, attitudes toward parenthood, work role centrality, social support, as well as observations and ratings of infant behaviors, maternal and paternal behaviors, and marital communication
The Introduction of Management Control in the Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region

The paper sheds light on management control strategies in public administrations, particularly in the case of Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region (AL-RER), to understand reasons, process and effects in the introduction of a management control system. The research makes use of documentary analysis and participatory observation during the years 2015-2019 to reconstruct the motivations, process and results of the introduction of a new management control system. The analysis shows that the introduction of a management control system required different strategies of change and a reorganisation of activities and processes of AL-RER. It also offered an occasion of legitimisation of the AL-RER governance based on the management control results. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the process of introducing a management control system faced obstacles that acted as inhibitors to its introduction. It was possible to overcome the obstacles thanks to an intermediate step, which required a revision of the AL-RER strategies, and a cultural, political, and organisational change. The paper contributes to the advancement of knowledge on the subject of strategies and processes followed by public sector organisations, in particular by regions, in the introduction of management control systems, offering a first contribution concerning obstacles and benefits deriving from the introduction of such systems. The research is also of interest for public sector management, politicians and technicians, as well as for management control specialists, that have to make decisions about the introduction of management control systems.
Job Assignment and Fairness Concerns

How does job assignment affect fairness concerns between coworkers? We experimentally examine agents’ horizontal fairness concerns in a three-person ultimatum game in which all agents are asked to complete a general knowledge quiz before being assigned to a high productivity or low productivity position. Job positions differ in the stakes that are available to be split between the principal and the agent. We disentangle two possible channels through which job assignment impacts fairness concerns, wage differences and the principal’s intentions, by comparing cases in which the job assignment is determined randomly or by the principal. The knowledge quiz signifies the distinction between the two cases as it provides a basis on which the principal can make the assignment decision. We find that the principal’s intentions, combined with the associated wage differences, significantly impact fairness concerns of the agents assigned to the lower productivity position, but wage differences themselves do not. We also find that better-performing agents assigned by the principal to the lower productivity position exhibit significant fairness concerns toward their peers. We discuss managerial implications of our findings.
Modelling and evaluation of the security of cyber-physical systems using stochastic Petri nets

This study proposes a stochastic Petri net model for evaluating the security and resilience of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in the face of malicious attacks. The basic idea behind the proposed model is to evaluate the security of control loops equipped with intrusion detection systems (IDSs) faced with security attacks. The quantitative analysis is performed in terms of system-focused quantitative security measures, such as mean time-to-failure and availability. By using this model, one can investigate the effects of some attacks and defensive parameters, including the detection interval, the time to physical disruption, and the false-positive probability of IDSs. This evaluation results can help to improve the security countermeasures of CPSs.
Winners of the 2018 Graedel Prizes: The Journal of Industrial Ecology best paper prizes

In 2013, the Graedel Prizes were established to honor Professor Thomas Graedel, now emeritus at Yale University, after an outstanding career as researcher and pioneer in the field of industrial ecology (IE). The prizes are awarded to the best two papers published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology (JIE) every year. Winners receive US$750 and a free membership in the International Society for Industrial Ecology. Funding for the prizes was generously provided in honor of Thomas Graedel by the Nickel Institute, GE, A-1 Recycling, the Raw Materials Group Stockholm, Martha Walters, and AT&T. There are two categories of awards for the Graedel Prizes. The junior first author category is for papers where the lead author is under the age of 36 on the date of on-line publication. The senior first author category is for lead authors aged 36 or over. The rules for the Graedel Prize and member of the Committee are on the journal’s website.1 Papers are nominated by members of the JIE Editorial Board or the Prize Committee and are then evaluated against three criteria: (1) professional merit; (2) contribution; and (3) presentation quality. Papers are considered based on the year that they are first published on-line. Descriptions of the previous winners of Graedel Prizes can be found in columns by Brattebø and Lifset (2015a, 2015b, 2016, 2017) and Kennedy and Lifset (2018). Seven papers were nominated for the 2018 prizes. In the senior first author category, these were articles by: Alhola, Ryding, Salmenperä, and Busch (2019) on government procurement in the circular economy; Harchaoui and Chatzimpiros (2019) on historical transitions in French agriculture; and Makov, Fishman, Chertow, and Blass (2019) on the second-hand value of smartphones. The four nominated papers in the junior first author categorywere: an application of consequential LCA toPeruvian agriculture (Larrea-Gallegos, Vázquez-Rowe,Wiener, &Kahhat, 2019); an assessment of potential to bridge the UK’s climate mitigation gap via economy-wide material productivity (Scott, Giesekam, Barrett, & Owen, 2018); an analysis of the water-energy nexus in China and the United States (Font Vivanco, Wang, Deetman, & Hertwich, 2019); and a review of the history of China’s circular economy policies (Zhu, Fan, Shi, & Shi, 2019). There was quite a geographical spread to the countries studied or used as case examples in the papers; Alhola et al. (2019) drew upon 18 case studies fromDenmark, Finland, Germany, Sweden, and theUnited Kingdom. The others six papers focused on China (twice), France, Peru, the United States (twice), and the United Kingdom. Thewinners of the 2018 Senior Best Paper were as follows:
Neuromuscular control of the knee joint during basketball season in male youth players

Background: Basketball players are among the players with a great risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury due to the high-intensity manoeuvres which have been identified as very common factors preceding this injury. Objective: This study aimed to assess differences in leg stiffness and reactive strength throughout a competitive season in youth basketball players and to assess the effect of age and performance level on these variables. Methods: The research study involved a total of 48 male basketball players from the age group U14 and U16 played the first and second highest league in Czech Republic. Reactive strength index (RSI) and leg stiffness were measured at the beginning of the season, mid-season, and at the end of the season. Analysis of Variance for repeated measures was used to identify the influence of age, season phases, and levels of performance to monitored variables. Results: The results showed significant changes among season phases in RSI (F = 4.48, p = .014) and relative leg stiffness (F = 7.17, p = .002) in observed players, however significantly higher values at the end of the season than at its beginning were found in RSI only (p = .014). Differences between subgroups with different levels of performance were not significant in both categories as well as age differences. Conclusions: The current study did not point-out to significant changes among season phases in reactive strength and leg stiffness in adolescent basketball players. The study did not confirm that reactive strength and leg stiffness is gradually improving during adolescence and suggestion that level of performance positively influences reactive strength and leg stiffness was confirmed only in the case of reactive strength.