Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are There Any Best Practices for Developing Gen Y/Young Professionals?

According to U.S. Census Data, each year 1 million Millennials enter the workforce; nearly 40 percent of the U.S. workforce will be Millennials by 2020. Characterized as remarkably different from Baby Boomers, Gen Y is facing many challenges when it comes to leadership roles. Gen Y leaders are expected to refocus organizations as global forces, develop cultural intelligence, develop strategic thinking and decision-making intelligence, and nurture long-term collaboration.2 Development programs specifically designed for Millennials are necessary to fill the gaps, and are powerful tools for attracting and retaining top young professionals.
Risk and opportunity for humans coexisting with large carnivores.

Models of Plio-Pleistocene hominid behavioral ecology often emphasize competition with large carnivores. This paper describes competition between modern humans and large carnivores in rural Uganda, including active, confrontational scavenging of carnivore kills by humans and carnivore attacks on humans. Information gathered from Ugandan Game Department archives (1923-1994) reveals that twentieth-century agropastoralists regularly tried to scavenge from leopard (Panthera pardus) and lion (Panthera leo) kills, and that these large carnivores have preyed on hundreds of humans in Uganda over the past several decades. Men were most often targets of carnivore attack, particularly while engaged in hunting-related activities. However attacks on men were less often lethal than attacks on women and children. Analyses show that lion attacks were more dangerous than leopard attacks. These data support recent contentions that hominids armed with even simple weapons can succeed in active, confrontational scavenging by chasing carnivores from kills. Hominids sharing East African habitats with large carnivores may have been regularly subject to attack.
Incidence, risk, and case fatality of first ever stroke in the elderly population. The Rotterdam Study

Objective: To estimate the incidence, survival, and lifetime risk of stroke in the elderly population. Methods: The authors conducted a study in 7721 participants from the population based Rotterdam Study who were free from stroke at baseline (1990–1993) and were followed up for stroke until 1 January 1999. Age and sex specific incidence, case fatality rates, and lifetime risks of stroke were calculated. Results: Mean follow up was 6.0 years and 432 strokes occurred. The incidence rate of stroke per 1000 person years increased with age and ranged from 1.7 (95% CI 0.4 to 6.6) in men aged 55 to 59 years to 69.8 (95% CI 22.5 to 216.6) in men aged 95 years or over. Corresponding figures for women were 1.2 (95% CI 0.3 to 4.7) and 33.1 (95% CI 17.8 to 61.6). Men and women had similar absolute lifetime risks of stroke (21% for those aged 55 years). The survival after stroke did not differ according to sex. Conclusions: Stroke incidence increases with age, also in the very old. Although the incidence rate is higher in men than in women over the entire age range, the lifetime risks were similar for both sexes.
Severe Uterine Hypertonus during Cesarean Section Relieved by Large Doses of Nitroglycerin

A 36 years old female Gravida 3 Para 1 Aborta 1 presented at 35 +2 weeks of gestation with increased frequency and intensity of her uterine contractions. An epidural catheter was inserted at L3-L4 interspace for labor analgesia. A decision was made for Cesarean delivery due to the transverse presentation of the baby. The epidural catheter was loaded by a bolus of 10 ml lidocaine 2%, 5 ml bupivacaine 0.1% and 1ml of fentanyl 50 mcg/ml. Few minutes later; severe uterine hypertonus was noted impairing the delivery of the baby. Very large doses of nitroglycerin (a total dose of 1.3 mg) were needed for uterine relaxation.
Impact Of Capital Structure On Performance Empirical Evidence From Sugar Sector Of Pakistan

This paper examined the impact of firm’s capital structure components and leverage on firm’s performance. Data of 10 firms of food sector is taken. All the firms are listed on Karachi stock exchange. Data duration of this paper consists of five years from 2007-2011. Variables used in this paper are assets turnover ratio, return on assets, current liabilities to total assets, long tern debts to total assets and debt to equity ratio. Results are derived by applying multiple regression models. The results of this model show that there is a significant positive impact of long term debts on firm’s performance and significant negative impact of short term debts on firm’s performance. There is a negative relationship of firm’s leverage on firm’s performance. As firm’s leverage increases its performance decreases. There is a negative relationship between them. Results show that firms using high amount of short term debts are facing negative trend in performance. So, results indicate that firms must try to use long term debts to meet their daily needs. Keywords: Short term debts, long term debts, debt to equity and performance.
Long-term CSR incentives at fashion chains in Sweden

In recent time the pressure on companies from groups like governments, regular citizens and media on taking its social responsibility has increased in rapid pace. This has led to increased interest from companies all over the world about social issues and the companies’ responsibility for these issues.In the more competitive environment were companies act today the use of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to differentiate itself against other company’s increases in importance. Together with increasing interest from stakeholders about social issues has made it central for companies not only to be social responsible but also to be good at finding future social trends that will give them competitive advantage against other actors.The purpose of this paper is to examine how the three largest fashion chains in Sweden, Hennes & Mauritz, Lindex and KappAhl, are managing its CSR work now and how good their organisation is prepared to manage the CSR work in the future. The examination will focus on the factors that make the management of CSR successful or not, and to get an overview of if the conditions for current and future successful CSR is present at the companies. By doing a qualitative document analysis of the selected companies the conclusion is made that there is much work to be done at the three largest Swedish fashion chains to more effectively use CSR and the positive effects that a well developed CSR plan can bring to the companies. The conclusion is based on the lack of long-term remuneration incentives for the management that rewards a short-term decisions and the extensive use of collective commitments instead of exclusive CSR work.
Is Open Source About Innovation? How Interactions with the Open Source Community Impact on the Innovative Performances of Entrepreneurial Ventures

Practitioners generally assert that collaboration with the Open Source software (OSS) community enables young software firms to achieve superior innovation performance. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, scholars have never extensively speculated about this assertion or rigorously tested it. In this paper, we attempt to do so. First, we root on the entrepreneurship literature and on the OSS research stream to discuss and empirically investigate whether entrepreneurial ventures collaborating with the OSS community (OSS EVs) achieve innovation performance superior to that of their non-collaborating peers. Then, we refer to the concept of absorptive capacity to determine which factors make OSS EVs better able to leverage their collaboration with the OSS community for innovation purposes. Our econometric estimates use a sample of 230 firms and indicate that OSS EVs collaborating with the OSS community achieve superior innovation. At the same time, the impact of community collaborations on innovation is stronger for EVs that are endowed with more skilled human capital, have experience with firm- OSS community collaboration, and actively contribute to the community.
Inter-Firm Knowledge Sharing and Its Effect on Relationship Value: A Global Supply Chain Perspective

Learning theories playa prominent role in new theories of competitive advantage. Despite the recent progress in understanding interorganizationallearning (inter-firm knowledge sharing), gaps and shortcomings remain. Inter-firm knowledge sharing involves risks and dilemma. Little is known about the charactetistics of global supply chain design that would encourage inter-firm knowledge sharing, and how these collaborative activities could lead to improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole. Furthermore, previous studies on inter-firm collaboration mainly looked at operational efficiency as the key performance measurement. Relationship value should be taken as a more critical criterion variable when firms are driven by more demanding customers, global competition, and slow­ growth economies. Building from the resource-based view, transaction cost economics, relational exchange view, and political economy paradigm, this study seeks to provide insight to how firms commit their resources to engage in knowledge sharing activities with their overseas supply chain partners, and the implications on horizontal (i.e., cross­ border) segmentation pertaining to firms' sourcing and marketing strategy. Using the extant literature fronl the fields of marketing, supply chain management, and international business, a theoretical model was constructed and then tested through a Web survey involving 105 supply chain dyads (210 responses) from 4 manufacturers representing 3 industries with facilities located in 19 countries. The survey data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to simultaneously test the 8 hypotheses.
Prediction Of Laminar Flow Over A Back FacingStep Using New Formula Of Penalty Parameter

This paper introduces a numerical solution for flow over a back facing step. In this study, the continuity equation is replaced by a penalty function and a new formula of penalty parameter is derived and implemented. The new formula of penalty parameter is restricted only to the finite element method and the formula requires the existence of the second derivative of the trial function so that a rectangular element with exponential trial function is proposed and used. A laminar flow over a back facing step is chosen as a test model to examine the numerical solution. The location of the reattachment point is captured accurately only if the penalty parameter is multiplied by a suitable factor and this factor depends on the Jacobian. The current numerical results are validated through a comparison to available numerical and experimental results for the case of flow over a back facing step. The tested range of Reynolds number was 200, 400 and 1000 and the ratio between the step height to the duct height was 0.5. The reattachment point is tabulated against Reynolds number. The comparison shows that the finite element solution using the new penalty parameter is closer to the experimental results than the available numerical results.
Commercial Banking: The Management of Risk

1. Functions and Forms of Banking. 2. The Bank Regulatory Environment. 3. Evaluating Bank Performance. 4. Bank Valuation. 5. An Overview of Asset/Liability Management (ALM). 6. Techniques of Asset/Liability Management: Futures, Options, and Swaps. 7. Commercial and Industrial Lending. 7A. Financial Analysis. 8. Real Estate and Consumer Lending. 9. Liquidity Management. 10. Investment Management. 11. Bank Capital. 12. Managing Liabilities. 13. Electronic Banking. 14. Off-Balance Sheet Activities. 15. Financial Services. 16. Global Financial Services.
Emergency finance in Australian households: An empirical analysis of capacity and sources. Discussion paper No 163

This paper examines demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as predictors of emergency finance in Australian households. The data is drawn from the most recent Household Expenditure Survey Confidentialised Unit Record Files (CURF) and relate to 6,892 probability-weighted households. Emergency finance is defined in terms of the ability to raise $2,000 within one week and its potential sources include own savings and loans from deposit-taking institutions, finance companies, credit cards, family and friends and welfare or community organisations. Characteristics examined included family structure and composition, source and level of household income, age, sex and marital status, ethnic background and housing value. Binary logistic models are used to identify the source and magnitude of factors associated with the ability to raise emergency finance and the likelihood of choosing each method of raising finance. The results indicate that the presence of children, the number of dependents and income-earning units, the age, sex and ethnicity of the household head, dependency upon government pensions and benefits, homeownership and disposable income are significant determinants of the capacity to raise emergency finance. However, the demographic and socioeconomic factors examined are generally better at predicting mainstay sources of finance such as own savings and loans from deposit-taking institutions and credit card usage than loans from family and friends and welfare or community organisations.
REM sleep deprivation in monocularly occluded kittens reduces the size of cells in LGN monocular segment.

STUDY OBJECTIVES In this study, we test the hypothesis that when REM-state activation (which impinges upon all lateral geniculate nucleus laminae irrespective of stimulating eye) is deprived, the monocular segment (MS) that is cut off from visual input and also deprived of REM-state activation will exhibit smaller cells, owing to the loss of extrinsic as well as intrinsic activation. DESIGN We carried out a study comparing soma sizes in the MSs of kittens subjected to monocular deprivation (MD) + REM deprivation (RD) to two age-matched nonRD groups, MD ONLYs and MD MOMS (MD kittens living in their home cages). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Perikaryal outlines of 100 cells in each of the bilateral MSs were measured. As predicted, mean cell size in the MS connected to the patched eye of MD + RD kittens, but in neither of the control groups, was significantly smaller than in the MS afferented by the nonpatched eye. One-way ANOVAs comparing MS cell-size means from the same sides across groups were also significant, but the two MSs showed different results on post hoc tests. The ordering of MS cell-size means correlated significantly with a measure that aggregates the sources of activation reaching a particular MS and their durations. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that removal of REM-state activation during CNS development amplifies the plasticity processes generated when normal visual afferentation to central visual areas is interrupted. Our findings in the MS of the LGN indicate that during the usual operation of REM sleep, central visual-sensory sites receive intrinsic activation that, in the visual system, is additive and complementary to the stimulation obtained from extrinsic sources. In the course of early development, normative symmetrical activation of central visual areas during REM sleep may counterbalance plasticity changes caused either by absent or aberrant sensory stimulation.
Overview of QA4MRE Main Task at CLEF 2013

This paper describes the Question Answering for Machine Reading (QA4MRE) Main Task at the 2013 Cross Language Evaluation Forum. In the main task, systems answered multiple-choice questions on documents con- cerned with four different topics. There were also two pilot tasks, Machine Reading on Biomedical Texts about Alz- heimer's disease, and Japanese Entrance Exams. This paper describes the preparation of the data sets, the definition of the background collections, the metric used for the evaluation of the systems' submissions, and the results. We intro- duced two novelties this year: auxiliary questions to evaluate systems level of inference, and a portion of questions where none of the options were correct. Nineteen groups participated in the task submitting a total of 77 runs in five languages.
Quality initiatives: Establishing an interventional radiology patient radiation safety program.

The Interventional Radiology Patient Radiation Safety Program was created to better educate patients who are scheduled to undergo high-dose interventional radiologic procedures about the risks of radiation, better monitor the delivered doses, and reduce the risk for deterministic effects. The program combines preprocedure evaluation and counseling, intraprocedure monitoring, and postprocedure documentation and counseling with the guidelines of the National Cancer Institute and the Society of Interventional Radiology. Between July 2009, when the program was implemented, and September 2010, over 3500 interventional radiologic procedures were monitored and documented, and 63 procedures with an adjusted cumulative dose of more than 3 Gy were identified and further analyzed; four procedures were found to be outside the control limits. Additional review of these four procedures resulted in practice modifications. Anecdotal feedback from physician assistants and attending physicians indicated that the program had another positive effect: Patients who required postprocedure counseling about the potential for radiation-induced skin injuries were no longer surprised by this information. Implementation of this program is straightforward, requires little infrastructure and few resources, and may be applied in most interventional radiology practices. Supplemental material available at http://radiographics.rsna. org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/rg.321115002/-/DC1.
Electronic- and Mobile-Learning in Electronics Courses Focused on FPGA

Distance learning is the practical and cost-effective solution to deliver education and training in places where University classes and professional courses are not offered due to lack of local expertise or low student enrolment. Its potentiality was recognized since Internet spread worldwide and became the main communication channel to reach students and workers at their homes. Therefore, nowadays a lot of lessons, seminars and simulation of experiments are available on the Web and delivered to students and professional figures, so that they can improve their degree of instruction or their competences with no physical and time constraints (Fujii & Koike, 2005; Grimaldi et al., 2005, 2006; Leiner, 2002; Rapuano & Zoino, 2006). Thanks to the evolution of information and communication technologies, we have the chance to combine multiple approaches to learning, i.e. a “blended” use of virtual and physical resources commonly defined as Blended Learning (BL). Although it can be used in a wider sense, in today’s prevalence of high technology the term BL often refers to the provision or use of resources which merge electronic (E-learning) and mobile learning (Mlearning) with other educational resources (classroom, courses, etc.), “combining online and face-to-face instruction” (Bonk & Graham, 2004). The key roles played by both E-learning and M-learning have been also recognized by European Commission, which have been developing several projects (Education Audiovisual Culture Executive Agency [EACEA]; Attewell & Smith., 2004) to promote the inclusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in all learning systems and environments. As E-learning and M-learning remove the physical, geographical and cultural barriers to the education and enable the learners to choose their own learning path and time, they are suitable to fulfil the main objectives of the mission to improve the education systems in Europe, as officially announced by European Union the with the declaration of Lisbon in 2000. There, basic and high instruction as well as adult training was recognized to be at the centre of the growth, innovation and integration processes in the democratic societies and much effort had to be made:  to give to all citizens the same opportunities to gain an higher degree of instruction;  to promote the institution of a life-long learning system to update the competences and to encourage new specializations of the adult people, thus increasing their capability of finding or changing their work.
Benchmarking the Postgraduate Admission Process

This article reports the main findings of a benchmarking study on the postgraduate admission process of higher education institutions. The project has involved three departments at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), eight specialist master's programs within the Manchester School of Management (MSM), and five other universities in the United Kingdom, Germany, Hong Kong, and Spain. The work was undertaken as part of a European Union Leonardo da Vinci-founded project. The first four steps of the benchmarking process have been completed, namely the selection of the subject and the partners, and the collection and analysis of data. While the process is not yet complete it is felt that important lessons are worth reporting. These include the applicability and feasibility of benchmarking to higher education, and the suitability of the various types of benchmarking, in particular internal benchmarking to this environment.
Why Do Physicians Switch From One Antipsychotic Agent to Another?: The "Physician Drug Stereotype"

Abstract: There is a lack of research on why physicians select a certain drug in an individual case and not another available alternative, although this drug selection process is important for quality assurance and cost control. Four hundred ninety-five psychiatrists documented in a standardized form patient and illness characteristics of 1711 schizophrenic outpatients who were switched for individual clinical reasons from an ongoing neuroleptic treatment to olanzapine, and of another 1654 schizophrenic outpatients whose present neuroleptic medication was continued. Physicians also filled in the "Reason for Treatment Selection Questionnaire. " Patients who were switched to olanzapine were more ill and showed more preexisting extrapyramidal symptoms and less patient compliance. Reasons of psychiatrists to switch to olanzapine were the expectation of better efficacy and tolerability of the present treatment and patient preferences to continue with the present medication. The price of olanzapine is seen as a reason not to select olanzapine but has no effect on the treatment decision. The "physician drug stereotype" of olanzapine corresponds with clinical data on the efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine. The data show that medical decisions about drug selection are multidimensional, integrating knowledge about the clinical properties of the drug, personal experiences and information about the individual case. The Reason for Treatment Selection Questionnaire is an instrument that allows to objectively assess important aspects of medical decision making, to generate psychological drug profile, and to understand why physicians prefer one drug over alternatives.
Sea Urchin Spine Calcite Forms via a Transient Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Phase

The skeletons of adult echinoderms comprise large single crystals of calcite with smooth convoluted fenestrated morphologies, raising many questions about how they form. By using water etching, infrared spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and environmental scanning electron microscopy, we show that sea urchin spine regeneration proceeds via the initial deposition of amorphous calcium carbonate. Because most echinoderms produce the same type of skeletal material, they probably all use this same mechanism. Deposition of transient amorphous phases as a strategy for producing single crystals with complex morphology may have interesting implications for the development of sophisticated materials.