Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Тромбоэмболические осложнения при эндопротезировании тазобедренных суставов И.И. Кузьмин, И.Ф. Ахтямов, В.А. Сорокин Thromboembolic complications in the hip endoprosthetics

Казанский государственный медицинский университет, Приморская краевая клиническая больница № 1 г. Владивосток Представлена концепция индивидуальной профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава. Критерием выбора является предоперационное распределение пациентов по группам риска возможного развития сосудистых осложнений. Авторами разработан алгоритм прогнозирования геморрагических и тромботических осложнений при эндопротезировании и варианты их коррекции. На основе предложенной концепции проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов эндопротезирования у 450 пациентов, причем у 143 пациентов (31,8 %) использована разработанная индивидуальная тактика профилактики в зависимости от степени риска. Удалось снизить частоту развития тромбоза глубоких вен во всех группах риска, включая и группу с крайне высокой степенью риска. В период применения новой тактики профилактических мероприятий мы не отметили не одного случая ТЭЛА. Ключевые слова: эндопротезирование тазобедренного сустава, тромбоэмболические осложнения, профилактика. The conception is presented concerning individual prevention of thromboembolic complications in the hip endoprosthetics. Preoperative distribution of patients into the groups with risk of probable development of vascular complications is a selection criterion. The authors have worked out algorithm for prediction of hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications in endoprosthetics and variants of their correction. Retrospective analysis of endoprosthetics on the basis of the conception proposed was made in 450 patients, moreover, the developed individual tactics depending on risk degree was used in 143 patients (31,8 %). The authors turned out to decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis for all the risk groups, including that with extremely high risk. The authors had no cases of pulmonary artery thromboembolism (PATE) when they used the new tactics of preventive measures. Keywords: endoprosthetics of the hip, thromboembolic complications, prevention.
The genetic basis for the attenuation of the sabin type 3 poliomyelitis vaccine, P3/Leon/12a1b.

C H A P T E R O N E I n t r o d u c t i o n . 1 1.1. G e n e r a l Introduction. 1 1.2. P i c o r n a v i r a l Taxonomy. 4 1.3. S t r u c t u r e of P i c o r n a v i r i o n s . 7 1.3. 1. V i r i o n A r c h i t e c t u r e . 7 1.3. 2. G e n o m e O r g a n i s a t i o n . 12 1.4. A n t i g e n i c i t y and N e u t r a l i s a t i o n of P i c o r n a v i r u s e s . 17 1.4. 1. D and C A n t i g e n i c i t y . 17 1.4. 2. C h a r a c t e r i s a t i o n of A n t i g e n i c D e t e r m i n a n t s of P i c o r n a v i r u s e s . 19 1.4. 3. N e u t r a l i s a t i o n . 26 1.5. The Inf e c t i o u s Cycle. 27 1.5. 1. V i r a l P e n e t r a t i o n . 27 1.5. 2. Shut-Off of Host M a c r o m o l e c u l a r S ynthesis. 33 1.5. 3. T r a n s l a t i o n and P o s t T r a n s l a t i o n a l P r o c e ssing. 37 1.5. 4. V i r a l T r a n s c r i p t i o n . 40 1.5. 5. M o r p h o g e n e s i s . 44 1.6. The G e n e t i c s of P i c o r n a v i r u s e s . 45 1.6. 1. Re c o m b i n a t i o n . 45 1.6. 2. M u t a t i o n F r e q u e n c y of R NA G e n o m e R eplication. 47 1.7. The P r o b l e m of Po l i o m y e l i t i s . 49 1.7. 1. H i s t o r i c a l Aspects. 49 1.7. 2. The E p i d e m i o l o g y of P o l i o m y e l i t i s . 50 1.7. 3. The P a t h o l o g y of P o l i o m y e l i t i s . 51 1.7. 4. D e v e l o p m e n t of the Salk a n d S a b i n V a c c i n e s . 53 1.7. 5. V a c c i n a t i o n a g a inst P o l i o m y e l i t i s . 56 1.7. 6. Atten u a t i o n . 58 C H A P T E R TWO The C o n s t r u c t i o n of F u l l l e n g t h c D N A C l o n e s of the P o l i o v i r u s T y p e 3 V a c c i n e Strain, P3/Leo n / 1 2 a l b , and its N e u r o v i r u l e n t P rogenitor, P 3 / L e on/37. 63 2.
Efectos Sobre el Comportamiento de Ratas Wistar Tratadas con el Compuesto Fenólico DM1

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del compuesto fenolico polifuncional DM1 sobre el comportamiento motor, exploratorio y ansiedad en ratas Wistar, analizadas en campo abierto (CA) y laberinto en cruz elevada (LCE). Se utilizaron 40 ratas Wistar adultas, divididas en 5 grupos (n= 8): Control (vehiculo), DZP (Diazepam-2 mg/kg), DM1-150 mg/kg, DM1-300 mg/kg y DM1-450 mg/kg. Los animales fueron evaluados por un periodo de cinco minutos en CA y en el LCE, 30 min despues de las administraciones (via intraperitoneal). La evaluacion en CA demostro reduccion de la locomocion en los grupos DZP, DM1-300 y DM1-450 en relacion al grupo control. Aumento la locomocion en el grupo DM1-150 en relacion al grupo DZP y disminuyo la locomocion en el grupo DM1-300 en relacion al grupo DM1-150. Hubo disminucion del levantar del grupo DZP en relacion al grupo control. El grupo DM1-150 presento aumento del levantar en relacion al grupo DZP. Aumento el tiempo estatico (TE) en el grupo DZP y se redujo en el grupo DM1-300, ambos en relacion al grupo control. El grupo DM1-150 presento disminucion del TE en relacion al grupo DZP. La evaluacion LCE presento reduccion del numero de entradas en los brazos abiertos en el grupo DZP en relacion al grupo control. Hubo reduccion del numero de entradas en los brazos cerrados en el grupo DZP en relacion al grupo control y aumento de este parametro en el grupo DM1-150 mg en relacion al grupo DZP. Se redujo el numero de cruzamientos entre los brazos cerrados en el grupo DZP en relacion al grupo control. Los resultados en conjunto, sugieren que las dosis del compuesto fenolico polifuncional DM1 por sobre 150mg, tienen influencia en el estado emocional de los animales, indicando posible accion sedativa con probable induccion de relajamiento muscular.
Tumor angiogenic switch determines sustained proliferative malignant transformation in tumorigenesis and overlaps with para-inflammatory phenomena

Both inflammation and tumorigenesis are analogous counterpart phenomena in overlap dynamics determining angiogenesis within reactive microenvironments and as angiogenic switch in tumorigenic expansion and progression. In this regard, the counter-effects of pro-angiogenesis and of anti-angiogenesis reconstitute a series of endothelial cell activation steps or apoptosis of these cells. In close parallel, apoptosis of endothelial cells in response to inhibitory angiogenic factors may reflect in some measure apoptosis of tumor cells related to such sprouting endothelial cell tubes. Further to such measures, multi-potent bone marrow mesenchymal cells induce a plethora of effects relative to the migrating endothelial progenitor cells in terms of the ongoing promotion of angiogenesis and of the angiogenic switch. Indeed, angiogenesis of tumors may prove a central modulator in emergence of malignant potentialities in tumorigenic lesions.
ZAVRŠNI STADIJ ZATAJENJA BUBREGA U STARIJIH OSOBA

Između pojedinih zemalja postoje velike razlike u kvaliteti i dostupnosti različitih oblika bubrežne nadomjesne terapije za osobe starije životne dobi. Razlike ovise o postupku liječenja, ekonomskim izvorima, raspoređenosti centara za skrb nad bubrežnim bolesnicima, broju specijalista i razini stručnosti bolnica i liječnika. Nadomještanje bubrežne funkcije u starijih osoba zahtijeva procjenu medicinskih, psiholoških, motoričkih i socijalnih faktora kako bi se odredio optimalan način liječenja. Postupak procjene mora biti standardiziran kako bi se osigurala objektivnost. Kronološka dob ima mnogo manje značenje od pridruženih bolesti. Izbor između hemodijalize i kontinuirane ambulatorne peritonejske dijalize uglavnom ovisi o tome kojoj od metoda bolesnik i lokalni centar za dijalizu daju prednost. Bolesnici sa zdravijim srčano-krvožilnim sustavom općenito su prikladniji za liječenje hemodijalizom. U svih bolesnika hemoglobin treba održavati u rasponu od 100 do 120 g/L. Srčanim bolesnicima treba osigurati dijagnostičku obradu i liječenje, bez obzira da li se radi o konzervativnim ili agerivnijim kardio-kirurškim zahvatima. U bolesnika koji su stariji od 65 godina i odabranih bolesnika starijih od 70 godina koji nemaju kontraindikaciju, treba napraviti transplantaciju bubrega. Ograničavajući čimbenik u liječenju svih onih koji bi mogli imati korist od ovog oblika liječenja je trajni nedostatak bubrega prikladnih za transplantaciju. Presađivanje bubrega ima pozitivne učinke kako na preživljenje tako i na kvalitetu života za odabrane primatelje do 70-te godine života i starije. Imunosupresija treba biti umjerena.
Facilitating Physical Activity among Adults with Disabilities

Increased physical activity is needed to help persons with disabilities gain access to its benefits. Using Raymore’s (2002) framework for understanding facilitators to leisure, this study explored facilitators to physical activity among adults with disabilities. Interviews with 14 adults with disabilities who were determined to be physically active through recreation or sport were conducted. Direct content analysis of respondents’ narratives revealed 10 facilitating themes: inclination toward physical activity, personal agency, self-regulation, support of groups and individuals, connectedness to the disability community, enjoyment, opportunities, resources, positive community attitudes, and incentives. Ideas for applying study findings to therapeutic recreation are offered and additional evidence for the value of strengths-based practices is revealed.
ROLE OF FREE FATTY ACID AND ELEVATED VLDL IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS - A REVIEW

Diabetes is associated with abnormalities in plasma lipid and lipoproteins. Each of these dyslipidemia is associated with elevated Low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and impaired clearence of VLDL and reduced plasma HDL levels. Defects in insulin production and hyperglycemia causes change in plasma lipoproteins in patient with diabetes. obesity and insulin resistant also lead to lipid abnormalities. In diabetic ketoacidosis elevation in VLDL have been recognized in which insulin concentration are low. Increase in hepatic lipase activity also contribute to decreased HDL concentration.Thus changes in hepatic lipase and lipoprotein may result in decrease HDL. Although many factors play a role and there is evidence that abnormalities in serum lipids and lipid metabolism are risk factors for increased evidence of CHD in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Cardiac Cachexia: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

Cardiac cachexia (i.e. body wasting) has long been recognised as a serious complication of chronic heart failure (CHF) which affects many body systems and remains an important and increasing public health problem. The occurrence of wasting in CHF has been known for many centuries but little investigated. Independently of functional disease severity, age, and measures of exercise capacity and cardiac function, cardiac cachexia is associated with poor prognosis. Cachectic CHF patients are weaker and fatigue earlier because of a general loss of fat tissue, lean tissue and bone tissue as well as impaired muscle quality. There is a shift of understanding of pathophysiology of cardiac cachexia with increasing evidences that metabolic, neurohormonal and immune abnormalities may play a significant role as well the degree of body wasting is dependent on such changes. It has been shown that cardiac cachexia is linked to raised plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and other inflammatory cytokines and increased concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol. Furthermore, they also present high plasma renin activity and increased plasma aldosterone level. Cardiac cachexia may be the result of a multifactorial neuroendocrine and metabolic disorder and of a complex imbalance of different body systems.
Partial thrombosed parasagittal AVM, complete resection. Case report

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital lesions formed by a network of dysplastic vessels. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 63 years old man, admitted with seizures and headache. Imaging findings, angio-CT, angio-MR and angiography revealed a partially thombosed right parasagittal frontal AVM, with fully thrombosed associated flow-related aneurysm on the main arterial feeder. The patient underwent surgery and we performed total resection of the AVM. The particularity of this case is the rare possibility of outcome with regression of the vascular malformation. CONCLUSIONS: Brain AVMs are evolutive lesions. Regression, through progressive thrombosis of the nidus is a rare possible outcome in brain AVMs. In thrombosed AVMs angiography is not reliable, and angio-CT and/or angio-MR are mandatory, in order to correctly evaluate nidus size and associated lesions. Symptomatic AVMs require surgery. Partial thombosed AVMs can be safely resected.
Attitude assessment for family practice research.

: One of the methods used often in family medicine research is the measurement of attitudes. This article reviews the options for measuring attitudes and explains the qualities attitude instruments must possess to be effective as research tools. Observations, interviews, surveys, standardized scales and self-constructed scales are reviewed as strategies for measuring attitudes. The most common scaling techniques for attitude measurement are also reviewed including: Likert scales, Semantic Differentials, rating scales, and Q-sorts. Methods for ensuring reliability and validity of attitude measurements are also reviewed. Examples of the techniques described are drawn from the family medicine literature to provide readers with references to techniques for use in research. References are also cited for technical guidance in developing the techniques described.
Littératie de la Santé et éducation Pour la santé: Que Signifient ces Termes Dans le Milieu Francophone?

L'objectif de cette étude exploratoire est de présenter les caractéristiques des définitions de termes littératie de la santé et éducation pour la santé, espérant ainsi contribuer à développer une sémantique commune pour pouvoir échanger nos connaissances avec moins de confusion. La méthode a consisté à identifier des documents dans des banques de données francophones en utilisant les mots clés suivants: littératie, éducation et alphabétisation en combinaison avec le mot santé. La seconde phase a consisté à lire attentivement les titres des 126 articles trouvés dans les bases de données francophones et sur Internet. La troisième étape a consisté à lire 14 documents qui traitaient d'une manière plus précise de la relation entre littératie/éducation et la santé dans le but de définir un de ces termes et d'identifier ensuite leurs caractéristiques. Les résultats montrent que les auteurs francophones nord américains utilisent de façon interchangeable les termes littératie en matière de santé et éducation pour la santé avec la même signification alors que les auteurs européens n'utilisent que le terme éducation pour la santé. Cependant, les deux concepts signifient la même chose des deux côtés de l'Atlantique dans la mesure où les caractéristiques des définitions et les résultats escomptés sont les mêmes. En conclusion, l'étude suggère qu'il faut un débat théorique de fond sur ces concepts dans le milieu francophone et une attention particulière devrait être portée sur le niveau communautaire de la littératie en matière de santé plutôt qu'au niveau individuel.
O-14 Unmet need in out of hours and emergency support: supplementary report from the palliative and end of life care priority setting partnership (peolcpsp)

Background This abstract presents supplementary data relating to thenumber one priority that arose from the 1403 completed responses from the Palliative and end of life care Priority Setting Partnership (PeolcPSP) survey: Out of Hours and Emergency Support. Most respondents, including patients, families and healthcare professionals, gave detailed narrative accounts in response to the survey questions and some of these data were deemed outside the scope of the James Lind Alliance (JLA) protocol as no intervention could be identified. Using a thematic analysis applied to the entire data set, we were able to explore the uncertainties, questions and experiences of a wide variety of respondents. Method The 1403 survey responses were coded using the NVivo 10 qualitative analysis software and analysed thematically. Results Responses were categorised in the following sub-themes: (Lack of) Support out of hours; Quality of support; Community services including hospice at home and telephone support networks Emergency care at the end of life; Coordination of OOH emergency services and Dealing with crisis admissions. Respondents expressed concern over the apparent inadequacy of the current provision of out of hours and emergency support. This led to a number of issues including increased burden for informal carers and inappropriate hospital admissions which lead to greater strain on emergency health care providers (primarily A&E). The responses also highlighted the frustrations of some healthcare professionals over the perceived lack of support and care options during out of hours. Conclusions Respondents described a significant gap in healthcare services ability to provide palliative and end of life care out of hours and in emergencies. It is hoped that the publication of these responses can promote further research in this area and have positive practical implications for the future of palliative and end of life care in the UK and Ireland.
Factors influencing tuberculosis medication adherence: A cognitive intervention in a resource limited setting

Adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is a critical factor in determining treatment success. Knowledge about tuberculosis and the belief in the efficacy of the medication influence whether or not a patient chooses to adhere to the treatment. This study determined the factors that influence tuberculosis medication adherence and assessed the impact of a cognitive intervention. The prospective, cross sectional hospital based survey was carried out in Our Lady of Apostle (OLA) Hospital, Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria from October 2014 to January 2015. Structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 301 respondents. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. The adherence level was 80.5%. The factors significantly (p<0.05) associated with TB medication adherence were ethnicity, religion, alcohol consumption, knowledge of TB disease and DOTs. TB patients were educated on the cause, mode of transmission of tuberculosis and the objectives of the Directly Observed Therapy short course (DOTs) program, which yielded a significant impact (p<0.01). Adherence monitoring plans like home visits and care should be sustained and home based care should be encouraged.
Le tour de taille : Un niveau marqueur du risque cardiovasculaire en Belgique l'etude « best »

L'etude BEST a montre que, dans une population belge de 8587 adultes d'âge moyen, la mesure du tour de taille par 619 medecins generalistes permet d'identifier un groupe de patients avec prevalence importante de syndrome metabolique, de diabete de type 2 et risque cardiovasculaire eleve. Ces resultats temoignent egalement de l'ecart considerable entre les recommandations officielles et la realite du terrain en termes de tabagisme, d'exces ponderal, d'inactivite physique, de controle de la tension arterielle et des parametres lipidiques. Dans un sous-groupe de 1781 patients avec risque cardiovasculaire eleve et dyslipidemie, la prise en charge individuelle par le medecin generaliste a conduit, en l'espace de six mois, a une amelioration substantielle du profil de risque, surtout grâce a une amelioration des chiffres de pression arterielle, de lipides et de glycemie.
Between Two Worlds: Bridging Health and Adult Medicine the Cultures of Child

Dramatic advances in the ability to care for children with chronic illnesses and disabilities have prolonged life and improved well-being for many. What were once considered to be diseases of childhood-cystic fibrosis, spina bifida, cerebral palsy, and othe r s m u s t now be thought of as diseases of childhood onset since the large majority of individuals with these conditions can be expected to attain meaningful adulthood. Unfortunately, the manner in which we deliver care to these young people has not kept pace with the care we have to offer. We continue to struggle in our current health care system to define how best to provide services to adolescents, young adults, and not-so-young adults with conditions of childhood onset. There is some agreement, though by no means broad consensus, that adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions should at some point move from a child-oriented to an adult-oriented health care setting. This transition, from pediatric to adult-centered care, has been debated in the literature (1--3), explored in national conferences (4,5), modeled in demonstration and service projects (6,7),
The epidemiology of stroke in the Middle East

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and synthesize data from different countries in the Middle East on stroke and its potential risk factors. Method A systematic review of all published stroke articles in the Middle East between 1980 and May 2015 was conducted. Findings Sixty-four papers were included in the review. The incidence rate for all strokes ranged between 22.7 and 250 per 100,000 population per year. The prevalence rate for stroke ranged between 508 and 777 per 100,000 population. Among studies reporting gender differences, 75% reported a high male-to-female ratio among stroke patients. The mean age of stroke was within the sixth and the seventh decade. Ischemic stroke was the most reported type followed by intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Hypertension was the most reported risk factor followed by diabetes. The overall case-fatality rate within one month was 12–32%. Discussion During the last decades, there was an increase in stroke incidence and mortality rates in the Middle East. The Middle East faces low rates of self-awareness and control of noncommunicable diseases and also lacks knowledge for stroke risk factors, awareness, causes, and symptoms. Conclusion There is an urgent need to develop more efficient and accurate methods to measure stroke in the Middle East. There is also a significant call to increase public awareness and implement interventions on stroke and its risk factors and symptoms to help people understand the negative impact of stroke on quality of life and potentially prevent this disease.