Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey on an Efficient Data Caching Mechanism for Big Data Application

: Now a day Big Data has turned the attention of the academia and IT industry towards it to think due to information is generated and collected at unimaginable rate that rapidly exceeds the very large range. The easy availability of big data indicated the need to manage it for useful purpose, business need, scientific research, future predictions for community welfare, lifestyle enhancements etc. The observations stated by researchers are that Google processes 50TB, Twitter 20TB data everyday which is huge in volume, velocity and variety. To streamline the big data issues several solutions are developed on high computing machines and through large scale nodes with the help of distributed processing technologies and software tools like MapReduce from Google, Hadoop of Apache foundation and its eco system. However it is also the observation that these technologies and tools needs to be modified due to problems exists such as not making usefulness of intermediate data, inefficiency in output, increased overhead on processors, inefficient storage technologies and poor security. The purpose of this survey is to appreciate and think for probable enhancements that can be possible for the forthcoming requirements of future. One of the observations among various issues of enhancements for big data where in this paper concentration is provided that large amount of intermediate data generated by map and reduce operation is not used when task finish and thrashed away as well as incremental computations are not treated well by the existing cache mechanism. Hence the research will be done to use cache mechanism efficiently to optimize computational time and reduce storage overhead for real time data over the distributed file system (DFS). The survey focuses on big data domain orientation, the technologies applied for execution of big data applications and its eco system, literature survey from various existing practices towards improvements in optimization of computational time and reduction in space of storage system as well as to improve the performance, efficiency, scalability and architecture and proposed new system architecture to achieve above aspects.
Climatic and geomorphic controls on the erosion of terrestrial biomass from subtropical mountain forest

Erosion of particulate organic carbon (POC) occurs at very high rates in mountain river catchments, yet the proportion derived recently from atmospheric CO2 in the terrestrial biosphere (POCnon‐fossil) remains poorly constrained. Here we examine the transport of POCnon‐fossil in mountain rivers of Taiwan and its climatic and geomorphic controls. In 11 catchments we have combined previous geochemical quantification of POC source (accounting for fossil POC from bedrock), with measurements of water discharge (Qw) and suspended sediment concentration over 2 years. In these catchments, POCnon‐fossil concentration (mg L−1) was positively correlated with Qw, with enhanced loads at high flow attributed to rainfall driven supply of POCnon‐fossil from forested hillslopes. This climatic control on POCnon‐fossil transport was moderated by catchment geomorphology: the gradient of a linear relation of POCnon‐fossil concentration and Qw increased as the proportion of steep hillslopes (>35°) in the catchment increased. The data suggest enhanced supply of POCnon‐fossil by erosion processes which act most efficiently on the steepest sections of forest. Across Taiwan, POCnon‐fossil yield was correlated with suspended sediment yield, with a mean of 21 ± 10 tC km−2 yr−1. At this rate, export of POCnon‐fossil imparts an upper bound on the time available for biospheric growth, of ∼800 yr. Over longer time periods, POCnon‐fossil transferred with large amounts of clastic sediment can contribute to sequestration of atmospheric CO2 if buried in marine sediments. Our results show that this carbon transfer should be enhanced in a wetter and stormier climate, and the rates moderated on geological timescales by the regional tectonic setting.
12-month prevalence of known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Germany

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a high disease burden and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Smoking is the key modifiable risk factor for COPD in Germany. GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS surveyed the 12-month prevalence of known COPD using the European indicator on self-reported chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema. Among adults aged 18 years or older with complete information on the indicator (n=22,702), the 12-month prevalence of known COPD is 5.8% (5.8% for women and 5.7% for men). In both genders, the prevalence increases strongly with age. Overall, the presence of COPD was more often reported by women and men with a low educational level than by those with a higher one. In a comparison of federal states, the 12-month prevalence of known COPD varies between 3.6% and 7.5% for women and 4.3% and 11.2% for men.
An investigation into the effect of soil compaction and tillage on plant growth and yield of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Abstract. The use of heavy machinery in agriculture is a major cause of compaction which, alters soil aggregate and pore structure affecting soil strength, porosity/availability of air and its response to heat. Compacted soils can lead to reductions in water and fertiliser uptakes leading to lower crop production and increased water runoff. Nutrient losses have been found to increase in compacted soil. A long-term 3x3 factorial Traffic (Random Traffic Farming, Controlled Traffic Farming and Low Ground Pressure systems) and Tillage (Deep, 250mm; Shallow, 100mm and no till) field trial at Harper Adams University, UK, was established in 2011. Initial results indicated benefits to crop yields from both Controlled Traffic Farming and Low Ground Pressure systems especially when applied under shallow tillage systems. An investigation was carried out in 2015 to determine whether the trial treatments had an effect on winter barley early growth and final yield by comparing components of yield at GS 30 and at harvest. Results for early growth found reductions in plant establishment and root dry mass for compacted areas possibly due to anaerobic conditions due to reduced soil pore size, however, the Barley yields were not significantly different (p>0.1). The compensation by the barley crop for the reduced plant numbers was by increased tiller survival and is thought to be due to the lower annual rainfall (22% reduction compared to the previous three year mean) especially during grain filling (33% reduction) which allowed sufficient soil moisture for optimum crop growth whilst sufficient soil pore air was maintained.
Bile duct exploration and biliary-enteric anastomosis

Minimally invasive techniques to manage biliary pathology have reduced the need for open operative intervention. Although open exploration for biliary disease has become less common, specific situations, such as obstructive common duct stones not amenable to endoscopic therapy or restoration of biliary-enteric continuity following resection of bile duct tumors, remain indications for more invasive approaches. It is important to have a thorough understanding of biliary anatomy and familiarity with various options for operative exposure and management. Operative techniques encompassing bile duct exploration and biliary-enteric bypass will be the focus of this chapter.
A Multi-relation Based Approach to Resource Deployment Strategies, Core Resources and Performance for China Steel Industry

It is an important problem how to achieve and maintain the competitive advantage of China's steel industry. This problem is addressed from the viewpoint of resource-based theory. Techniques applied include DEA, Principal Components Analysis, Strategy Group Analysis, ANOVA and Multivariate Regression to the analysis of data, probing into the multi-relation of resource deployment strategy and performance and discovering out the core resources. (Nature and Science. 2004;2(3):30-40).
Microelement supplementation in dairy cows by mineral lick.

Abstract The aim of this experiment was to verify the option of providing microelement supplementation to dairy cows in the dry period through supplemented mineral lick, and then to compare the content of microelements in the blood, colostrum and milk. The experiment was carried out on a farm with Czech Fleckvieh dairy cows. We formed an experimental group (E), supplied with mineral lick ad libitum enhanced with organic forms of microelements (Se, Zn, Cu, Mn) for four to five weeks before parturition and 1 week after parturition. The control group (C) did not receive any mineral lick. The use of mineral lick by cows was very uneven, its total consumption oscillated between 0 to 250 g of lick per animal per day. Lick feeding did not result in evidential increase of concentrations of monitored microelements in the cows’ blood, colostrum and milk. Only a tendency to increased concentrations of Se and Cu in the blood of group E of cows was observed; the average Se concentration increased by 60 µg·l
Schizophrenic disorders - do cognitive dysfunctions relate to course characteristics and the psychopathological picture?

SUMMARY Aim: Cognitive dysfunctions are nowadays often considered as fundamental characteristics of schizophrenic disorders essential for pathogenesis and clinical aspects of the disease as well as social functioning of the patients. The aim of the study was to determine the associations between some chosen indicators of disordered cognitive functions and some chosen variables describing the course and the clinical picture of schizophrenic disorders. Material and method: 69 patients satisfying both DSM-IV and ICD–10 schizophrenia criteria were examined. Two clinical tools were used for the assessment of the clinical state (scales: PANSS and KOSS), and similarly two scales for the assessment of premorbid functioning (scales: GAF and W). Neurocognitive dysfunctions were examined with the help of computer-aided tests from the Vienna Test System including the measures of: reaction time (RT), visual line pursuit (LVT), perseveration (PERSEV), and the capacity of visuospatial memory (CORSI). Simple non-parametric tests and rank correlation coefficients were used in statistical analysis. Results: The associations between cognitive dysfunctions and: age, social functioning before hospitalisation, duration of the disease and the number of hospitalisations were discovered. The dysfunctions were less pronounced at the time of the first episode than in the relapse phase or the residual phase. The quantitative assessment of disorders’ severity did not correlate with cognitive dysfunctions, but the detailed analysis of the psychopathological picture revealed correlations between some dysfunctions with the dimensions of deficit, disorganisation and dysphoria. The distortion dimension (positive) did not reveal such associations. All the indicators of cognitive dysfunctions correlated with worse results of the current episode treatment. All the significant correlations reached only a weak or moderate level. Conclusions: Cognitive dysfunctions are associated with rather unfavourable characteristics of the disease course. The results of the psychopathological assessment correlate weakly with the neuropsychological assessment – cognitive dysfunctions are associated with deficit, disorganisation and dysphoria rather than productive symptoms of the disease in question. schizophrenia / cognitive dysfunctions / course / psychopathological dimensions
Making sense of agency: Belief in free will as a unique and important construct

Belief in free will is the general belief that human behavior is free from internal and external constraints across situations for both self and others. In the last decade, scholars in social-cognitive psychology and experimental philosophy have made progress in defining free will terms, exploring how laypersons think of free will, discovering related cognitive processes and biases, and examining the behavioral outcomes of believing in free will. The growing interest in this construct raises the need for a discussion of what is new about free will beliefs, and how this construct differs from and relates to other well-known agency constructs in the literature. In this review, we integrate conceptual discussions and empirical findings in the existing literature to highlight the belief in free will as a separate and important construct, different from existing constructs in the literature, and capturing unique aspects of agency. We conclude by calling researchers to recognize these differences and to leverage the potential in the construct of the belief in free will as a predictor of cognition and behavior.
Detection of acrosome in mouse sperm incubated in vitro using fluorescence staining technique

The protocol for detecting acrosome in mouse sperm was developed by using two types of fluorescent dyes namely fluorescein conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and rhodamine conjugated Lens culinaris agglutinin (TRITC-LCA). The results showed that mean percentages of acrosome-intact sperm incubated in vitro were considerably low. After one-hour incubation there were 43.20±2.83, 31.81±8.44 and 30.90±4.15% for ICR, C57/6J and F1 sperm, respectively. Intact acrosome in ICR sperm was significantly reduced (P<0.05) to 16.95±4.23% after two-hour incubation, however, insignificant reduction (P>0.05) was found for C57/6J and F1 sperm, which were 30.03±2.06 and 20.93±3.81%, respectively. The results showed that both dyes FITC-PSA and TRITC-LCA suitably stained the mouse sperm and produced insignificant difference (P>0.05) in the percentages of acrosome-intact sperm, which were 40.03±4.20 and 49.79±4.63%, respectively. One-hour incubation was adequate to capacitate sperm in vitro. Low acrosome intact due to extended period of incubation and morphologically abnormal sperm could compromise in vitro fertilization rates.
Ionic liquids as a new platform for fiber brittleness removal.

In the present study, three ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium ([AMIM]Cl), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride dimethyphosphate ([EMIM]DMP), were used to eliminate the brittleness of recycled fibers. The results showed that the pretreatments with ionic liquids were able to modify and improve the properties of recycled fibers even at high moisture contents. [EMIM]DMP gave better performance compared to [BMIM]Cl and [AMIM]Cl, which can tolerate higher moisture contents. The optimal conditions of EMIM]DMP pretreatment were moisture content of 65%, [EMIM]DMP dosage of 20 wt-%, 80 °C, and 60 min, for which a higher brittleness removal was obtained. The tensile index, bursting index, and tearing index of handsheets were increased by 32.4%, 57.0%, and 46.5%, respectively. Fiber quality was improved as demonstrated by fiber length, lowered fines content, and increased swellability. Such results imply that ionic liquids pretreatment can promote the swelling of recycled fibers and remove their brittleness.
Compact Evolutive Design of Error-Correcting Output Codes

The classification of large number of object categories is a challenging trend in the Machine Learning field. In literature, this is often addressed using an ensemble of classifiers. In this scope, the ErrorCorrecting Output Codes framework has demonstrated to be a powerful tool for the combination of classifiers. However, most of the state-of-theart ECOC approaches use a linear or exponential number of classifiers, making the discrimination of a large number of classes unfeasible. In this paper, we explore and propose a minimal design of ECOC in terms of the number of classifiers. Evolutionary computation is used for tuning the parameters of the classifiers and looking for the best Minimal ECOC code configuration. The results over several public UCI data sets and a challenging multi-class Computer Vision problem show that the proposed methodology obtains comparable and even better results than state-ofthe-art ECOC methodologies with far less number of dichotomizers.
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series EDU 2014-0978

This study examined perceptions of a group of Qatari females about father’s involvement in caring for children. Participants in this study responded to a questionnaire that measures the extent of subjects’ beliefs about the importance of the father’s role to children’s development. The results revealed that the female participants’ had positive attitudes regarding fathers’ capabilities and their significant roles in children’s development. The participants’ positive perceptions about the role of fathers were positively related to their level of satisfaction with their own fathers’ involvement during childhood. Also, the study examined the relationship between participant’s attitude about father involvement and their gender role ideology. The results showed that despite their positive view about their own fathers and overall favorable attitude about the importance of fathers, they scored high in the gender ideology measure, which indicates that the majority of the females in our study favored traditional gendered-specific roles for parents. However, as expected, there was a moderate negative relationship between the subjects’ perception of fathers’ roles and their gender ideology views.
Poincaré duality in modular coinvariant rings

We classify the modular representations of a cyclic group of prime order whose corresponding rings of coinvariants are Poincar´e duality algebras. It turns out that these algebras are actually complete intersections. For other representations we demonstrate that the dimension of the top degree of the coinvariants grows at least linearly with respect to the number of summands of dimension at least four in the representation.
Timing and climatic impact of Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern Turkey

A 50 kyr‐long exceptionally well‐dated and highly resolved stalagmite oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotope record from Sofular Cave in northwestern Turkey helps to further improve the dating of Greenland Interstadials (GI) 1, and 3–12. Timing of most GI in the Sofular record is consistent within ±10 to 300 years with the “iconic” Hulu Cave record. Larger divergences (>500 years) between Sofular and Hulu are only observed for GI 4 and 7. The Sofular record differs from the most recent NGRIP chronology by up to several centuries, whereas age offsets do not increase systematically with depth. The Sofular record also reveals a rapid and sensitive climate and ecosystem response in the eastern Mediterranean to GI, whereas a phase lag of ∼100 years between climate and full ecosystem response is evident. Finally, results of spectral analyses of the Sofular isotope records do not support a 1,470‐year pacing of GI.
An experiment with human-robot interaction to study intentional agency in joint visual attention

Infants turn their own eyes to others’ focus of attention. This action is called joint visual attention. It is known that the action develops from reflexive to intentional. In the early developmental process, it is pointed out that infants become intentional agents. We constructed a computational model to study intentional agency. The computational model has two main mechanisms. One is to form a memory of relationships between directions of others’ gaze and objects gazed at. The other is to associate the direction of others’ gaze with a target object. We suppose that the mechanisms realize an immature intentional agency. To demonstrate the mechanisms, we develop a robot to implement the computational model, and construct an experimental environment for human-robot interaction. We first test the experimental environment with the robot which produces only reflexive action. As a result, a participant in the test showed actions to explore the gaze object of the robot simply because the robot turned to face a different area from the person’s gaze. From the result we noticed a problem. When the robot gazes at a different object than the one the person looked at, we cannot distinguish between two possible causes. One is a mistaken reading of the person’s gaze. The other is an association with a different target object from the person’s gaze. We propose a solution to solve the problem by using a measurement device for the focus of the person’s gaze, and discuss a working hypothesis to demonstrate the function of our constructed mechanisms.
Error Bounds for General Describing Function Problems

The describing function method is widely used without much attention being paid to the error analysis so vital in any approximate method. One reason for this is the lack of a straightforward user-oriented method for checking error bounds except when the nonlinear element characteristic is single valued and of bounded slope. This paper attempts to eliminate that defect. A far wider range of nonlinear elements is now amenable to straightforward, usually graphical treatment; discontinuities, hysteresis, and backlash characteristics are included. In addition, previous results for slope-bounded single-valued nonlinear characteristics may be substantially improved with a small additional computational effort.
Portfolio of Compositions

This Portfolio of Compositions consists of eight scores, recordings on CD and commentary on my creative process. The pieces are: (1) Stone Structures, for cello and piano; (2) The Path of the Thousand Doors, for three snare drums; (3) Four Poems for Guitar, for guitar solo; (4) Night View, for flute and piano; (5) The Path of the Old Oaks, for chamber ensemble; (6) The Lake Isle of Innisfree, for female voice with finger cymbals, and flute; (7) Poema Mistico, for speaking pianist with amplified voice; and, (8) Paths Between the Wind and the Sea, for full orchestra. They were composed in York between October 2009 and February 2013. The work presented here is the result of my intense compositional practice, development of techniques, research, reflection, and experimentation with performers. The main aspect focused in the compositional process of the pieces in this folio was the creation of textures – those that results from the overlapping of gestures in combination or, in a greater degree, of the overlapping of textures, i.e. multilayered textures. For me, the use of these overlapping of gestures or multilayered textures is an important compositional tool that helps to create directionality, contrast, ambiguity, transition in different hierarchical levels and between sections, and continuity in an atonal musical discourse – either in clear-cut multimovement pieces, or in larger-scale single movement pieces.
Black Phosphorus Carbide as a Tunable Anisotropic Plasmonic Metasurface

Tailoring photonics for monolithic integration beyond the diffraction limit opens a new era of nanoscale electronic-photonic systems, including graphene plasmonics which exhibits low level of losses and high degree of spatial confinement. Limited to its isotropic optical conductivity, searching for new plasmonic building blocks which offer tunability and design flexibility beyond graphene is becoming quite crucial for next-generation optoelectronic device. Here, motivated by the recent emergence of a new 2D material, we develop a mid-infrared (mid-IR) metasurface by nanostructuring a thin layer of black phosphorus carbide (b-PC) and realize efficient excitation of hybrid plasmon mode at deep subwavelength-scale. Far-field infrared spectroscopy demonstrates that the hybrid plasmon mode displays an anticrossing behavior of two splitting optical modes, which can be attributed to the Fano resonance between plasmons and IR-active optical phonons in b-PC. Significantly, it further presents a strong anisotropic .