Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of protective cultures on Listeria monocytogenes in fermented sausages : a review

Within the concept of protective technologies in the production of fermented sausages, in addition to known hurdles such as nitrites, NaCl, low water activity and low pH, of great importance is also the biopreservation procedure. This procedure involves the use of lactic acid bacteria, their metabolites and protective substances for the purpose of achieving antagonistic effect on the undesirable microflora. The importance of biopreservation is optimally manifested in the bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal action of protective cultures and bacteriocins on L. monocytogenes in various foods, including fermented sausages. Biopreservation is an additional factor in the production of safer food, but it alone can not warrant microbiological safety, and in order to have purport and effect, this method must be a superstructure to good manufacturing and good hygienic practice.
Effect of Increased Water Temperature on Warm Water Fish Feeding Behavior and Habitat Use

Global warming could cause changes in species behavior and life history. Stream fish may be significantly affected by climate change because individuals are restricted in their movements by water systems and other physical factors, preventing migration to locations more thermally suitable. The effect of warmer waters on stream fish could change behavior and affect the fish species survival and ultimately ecosystem function. During my experiment I observed the effects of increased water temperature on the feeding behavior and habitat use of two native Minnesota fish species, black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) and black bullhead (Ameiurus melas). An increase of 2 o C over a period of 4 weeks resulted in a 35% decrease in the number of feeding events by black bullheads and an increase of 22.2% for black crappies. Significant changes in habitat use were also observed during the study, with bullheads increasing their use of open areas, plant cover, and swimming behavior, while decreasing their use of brick interior for cover and searching behavior. Crappies were found to increase their use of open areas and swimming behavior, while decreasing their use of the brick exterior for cover. These results provide insight about the future effects of increased water temperature on the feeding behavior, habitat use, and ecosystems of fish species.
Localisation Processes within Global Production Networks: Automobile Component Sourcing in Thailand

The political framework in Thailand regulating market access for global automobile firms aimed in particular to create and develop an industrial base in terms of component manufacturing and automobile assembly. The national regulatory framework included import substituting measures, such as a local content requirement (LCR), to force global automobile firms to use locally manufactured components for the assembly of imported completely knocked-down vehicles to benefit from much lower import tariffs as would be the case for the import of fully built-up vehicles. Therefore, with the increasing domestic demand for automobiles, this regulation also had the desired multiplier effects for Thailand’s industrialisation and national economic development. This paper aims to show how a changing political economy affects the localisation processes of automobile firms in a developing country context.
Groundfish overfishing, diatom decline, and the marine silica cycle: Lessons from Saanich Inlet, Canada, and the Baltic Sea cod crash

In this study, we link groundfish activity to the marine silica cycle and suggest that the drastic mid‐1980s crash of the Baltic Sea cod (Gadus morhua) population triggered a cascade of events leading to decrease in dissolved silica (DSi) and diatom abundance in the water. We suggest that this seemingly unrelated sequence of events was caused by a marked decline in sediment resuspension associated with reduced groundfish activity resulting from the cod crash. In a study in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Canada, we discovered that, by resuspending bottom sediments, groundfish triple DSi fluxes from the sediments and reduce silica accumulation therein. Using these findings and the available oceanographic and environmental data from the Baltic Sea, we estimate that overfishing and recruitment failure of Baltic cod reduced by 20% the DSi supply from bottom sediments to the surface water leading to a decline in the diatom population in the Baltic Sea. The major importance of the marginal ocean in the marine silica cycle and the associated high population density of groundfish suggest that groundfish play a major role in the silica cycle. We postulate that dwindling groundfish populations caused by anthropogenic perturbations, e.g., overfishing and bottom water anoxia, may cause shifts in marine phytoplankton communities.
Sniper Localization for Asynchronous Sensors

Abstract : This paper describes a novel sniper localization method for a network of sensors. This approach relies only on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) between the muzzle , and shock wave from multiple singlesensor nodes, relaxing the need for precise time synchronization across the network. This method is best suited where an array of sensors, on a per-node basis, is not feasible. We provide results from data collected in a field.
12 Signalling in Rhizobacteria–Plant Interactions

Bacteria are by far the most abundant organisms in soil and they play a key role in nutrient cycling and soil fertility. The rhizosphere – the zone of 1–2 mm around plant roots – is rich in nutrients and provides niches different from those in bulk soil for bacteria to thrive.Microbial diversity in the soil and in the rhizosphere is huge. Multiple interactions occur between the bacteria and between bacteria and other microorganisms, involving competition, antibiosis,parasitism and predation.Various interactions also occur between bacteria and plant roots that can be beneficial,neutral or harmful to the plant.Deleterious effects comprise phytotoxic and pathogenic activities of the bacteria.Conversely, plants profit from bacterially induced growth promotion and protection against pathogens. Growth promotion can be the result of bacterial activities that increase the availability of water and mineral nutrients,as well as of symbiotic relationships such as the formation of root nodules in leguminous plants, in which atmospheric nitrogen is made available in reduced form. Nodulation of roots involves an intricate interplay of molecular signals between the bacterium and its host,and illustrates how such plant–rhizobacteria interactions proceed in an exquisitely controlled manner. In similar ways, suppression of disease-provoking microorganisms can occur through microbial antagonism in the rhizosphere as well as by specific interactions between the protective bacterium and its host.While antagonism involves mostly mechanisms that rhizobacteria likewise use to compete with other microorganisms in the root environment, interactions with plant roots may trigger an induced systemic resistance that enhances the defensive capacity of the plant to subsequent pathogen attack.In this way, the plant becomes better protected not only against soil-borne pathogenic fungi,but also to necrotrophic foliar pathogens. The chapter provides an overview of these beneficial relationships between rhizobacteria and their plant hosts with emphasis on the communicative signals that are involved in regulating the activities of both partners that lead to plant growth promotion and disease suppression.
DESIGNING SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY SCENARIOS USING FORECASTING

Environmental problems such as resource depletion or climate change are the most serious problems for society and industry. In order to deal with such problems, scenario writing is a useful methodology for envisioning ideal future, such as sustainable society. Although describing these scenarios requires a lot of time and a large amount of works, there is no computational support for it. In order to resolve this problem, this paper proposes a design methodology of scenarios based on forecasting approach, which explores future from current situation. In order to realize computational scenario design support, we formalize the design process as four steps; setting problems, constructing causal networks, describing storylines, and describing scenario texts. And we develop Scenario Design Support System for supporting the scenario design process on a computer. For testing the proposed methodology, we designed “Electric Vehicle Diffused Society Scenario” as a case study. In the case study, proposed process and design support methodology are useful for designing a forecasting scenario.
Load Balancing in Cloud using CURE Clustering

This Cloud computing is a vast concept with many advantages. Along with the advantages it also have some crucial issues like load balancing which has an important impact on the performance. Load balancing helps to improve throughput by efficiently using the resources with proper workload distribution. The paper introduces a load balancing model based on CURE clustering. The algorithm helps to create dynamic partition and assign the jobs to the partition according to load on that partition .
Can Lifestyle Seminars and Self-Help Groups Contribute to Sustained Weight Loss?

There is a worldwide increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, a serious problem with secondary negative effects on health and life quality. This intervention study was conducted to evaluate whether lifestyle seminars and self-help groups could improve and sustain weight loss. Fifteen people between the ages of 35-73 with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 participated in a 2-step lifestyle intervention program. Step 1 consisted of 12 consecutive weeks of lifestyle seminars with parallel physical activity in a gym. Step 2 consisted of meeting with a self-help group every week for 6 months. We found that sustained weight loss was related to deeper awareness of the emotional reasons for eating, understanding that eating was a means to temporarily reduce unpleasant emotions. This was followed by changed lifestyle. Sustained weight loss was also related to weight loss of more than five percent at the end of the lifestyle seminar but not to the background variables, sex, age, marital status, education or occupational status. The results from this small group of participants indicate that such type of community based intervention could enhance weight reduction and promote maintenance of weight loss which warrants further studies.
Innovation and Territorial Development: An Analysis of the Region of São José dos Campos - Brazil

This study aimed to identify and analyze the interrelations between companies, research centers, universities, government and other relevant players in the micro region of Sao Jose dos Campos, focusing on the creation and diffusion of innovations as a strategy for regional development. To this end, we made an interview with 12 regional players Involved in this process. It is hoped the results expand the knowledge of regional development in technologyoriented areas, as well as the dynamics of territorial development in the micro region studied. It is an academic contribution in developing strategies for expanding competitive regions throughincentives for innovation and technology transfer.
Scanning the Dynamics of Participatory Research (PRIT) in Heritage Tourism Management: The Case of Chitharal in Tamil Nadu, India

Chitharal, located at Kanyakumari District in Tamil Nadu, South India is quite an amazing and enamouring heritage destination preserved by the Archaeological Survey of India. Tourism being a multi-disciplinary area must be open to innovative yet impactful research methods. The researcher in this work conceptualizes and adopts the Participatory Research in Tourism (PRIT) approach devised over the years, in consonance with the fabric of tourism, which is a people-centric and activities based academic subject. This study attempts to map the experiential dynamics of a chosen group of tourists who possess extraordinary interests and affinity for heritage manifestations. The various parameters to be analysed, coded, and inferred are pre-determined by the researchers by way of a preliminary visit and empirical observations, collection of tourist literature, compilation of expert opinion and review of literature and travel blogs. They are recorded for every individual member of the group on a real-time basis by the accompanying researchers. Many an aspect is researched on the spot. The present study is the first work in this direction which can be shaped and nourished to form a productive method of research in tourism. In the present paper the behavioral aspects of tourists are also recorded at Chitharal - an unsung tourism haven and Jain heritage destination.
Retail Loans & Basel II: Using Portfolio Segmentation to Reduce Capital Requirements

This paper presents a new technique for grouping retail loans into homogenous risk pools, which adheres to the provisions of Basel II. We use recursive partitioning and test it on a data set of approximately 413,000 auto loans. By classifying loans according to selective predictors of default, we find that banks can achieve significant savings in terms of a lower regulatory capital requirement. Alternatively, this provides the opportunity to increase lending capacity.
CHANGING PATTERNS IN THE RESPONSE TO CYANIDE OF ARUM MITOCHONDRIA OXIDIZING MALATE AND OTHER SUBSTRATES

Summary Over a flowering season of 7 weeks, mitochondria from the spadices of Arum maculatum showed a progressive increase in the rate at which added malate was oxidized from less than 20 nmoles min−1 mg protein−1 to more than 700 nmoles min−1 mg protein−1. In the oxidation of succinate, α-ketoglutarate and other substrates, much smaller differences in rate were found. Mitochondria oxidizing malate responded to the addition of high (3.8 HIM) concentrations of cyanide by stimulation when their initial rate of malate oxidation was low and by inhibition when it was high. Stimulation by KCN even with high concentrations did not increase the O2 uptake rate of young spadices to the level of mature ones. Associated with this alteration in response to cyanide was a reverse response to ADP. The early, slowly respiring mitochondria which were stimulated by KCN were often inhibited by ADP while the mitochondria from later spadices which were inhibited by KCN were usually stimulated by ADP. Similar variations in the relative rate of malate oxidation, response to cyanide and to ADP were observed in mitochondria prepared on the same day from spadices at different stages of development from the same location. In this case the change from young (β) to fully matured (ɛ) spadices approximately paralleled those from the early season to the end of the flowering period. The changes in malate metabolism of the spadix mitochondria were not solely related to stage of spadix development, however, since those from spadices at the same apparent developmental stage gathered over a 5-week period also showed an increase in the rate of malate oxidation and a change in response to cyanide and ADP. Several types of evidence—effects of additional washing of the mitochondria, response to additions of oxalacetate and pyruvate, response to inhibitors of cytochrome oxidase other than KCN, assay of oxalacetate concentration of mitochondria, and application of an inhibitor of cyanide-resistant electron transport (mCLAM)—support the hypothesis that one of the factors in the mitochondria from young or early spadices which limits their ability to oxidize malate is oxalacetate within the mitochondria. As the spadix develops, mitochondrial oxalacetate is diminished or disappears. The stimulation of oxygen uptake in the early stages due to cyanide is thus thought to result from the reduction of the quantity of oxalacetate by cyanohydrin formation. The inhibition by ADP is not clearly understood, but may result from the existence of other reactions which are subject to negative control by ADP and which have no relation to the role of ADP in oxidative phosphorylation or its coupling to electron transport.
Dynamic instabilities in the power spectrum of deeply modulated semiconductor lasers

Semiconductor lasers under large‐signal direct modulation by a square waveform are found to exhibit a transition from a power spectrum characterized by a fundamental frequency and FM sidebands to a continuous spectrum with a catastrophically broadened linewidth of the order of several GHz. The interesting feature of the phenomenon is that the photon output remains periodic apart from noise‐induced fluctuations, and the broadening of the power spectrum is attributed to the sensitivity of the phase of the optical field to a large difference in the relaxation oscillation frequencies in the on and off states as well as the coupling between motions at the intrinsic resonance frequency of the system and the externally‐imposed modulation frequency. It is shown that under deep modulation by a periodic injection current, the optical phase becomes aperiodic generating a wide range of new frequencies in the power spectrum. It is also demonstrated that by confining the excursions of the injection current to the regio.
Entry Generation by Analogy – Encoding New Words for Morphological Lexicons

Language software applications encounter new words, e.g., acronyms, technical terminology, loan words, names or compounds of such words. To add new words to a lexicon, we need to indicate their base form and inflectional paradigm. In this article, we evaluate a combination of corpus-based and lexicon-based methods for assigning the base form and inflectional paradigm to new words in Finnish, Swedish and English finite-state transducer lexicons. The methods have been implemented with the open-source Helsinki Finite-State Technology (Lindén & al., 2009). As an entry generator often produces numerous suggestions, it is important that the best suggestions be among the first few, otherwise it may become more efficient to create the entries by hand. By combining the probabilities calculated from corpus data and from lexical data, we get a more precise combined model. The combined method has 77-81 % precision and 89-97 % recall, i.e. the first correctly generated entry is on the average found as the first or second candidate for the test languages. A further study demonstrated that a native speaker could revise suggestions from the entry generator at a speed of 300-400 entries per hour.
Competency Requirements for Managing Public Private Partnerships (PPPs): The Case of Infrastructure Projects in Jordan

Managing public-private partnership (PPP), particularly in the implementation phase, is both theoretically and practically complex with success largely determined by how well partnerships are managed. Yet, several PPP scholars have noted that little is known about the management competency requirements to effectively manage in a PPP settings; that is described as different from traditional hierarchical ‘command-and-control’ management forms, and have called for further research to understand this ‘black box’. This research has provided a wide-ranging account of the most significant ‘soft-management’ competency requirements to effectively mange in such a multi-organizational environment. It is suggested that PPP managers should be able to cope with, adapt to and be flexible to respond to changes that are frequent occurrences during the course of the partnership. Being patient and self-motivated were also qualities PPP managers should possess. Social and interpersonal skills, ‘scoping in/out’ ability, conceptual skills, project management skills, and, communication and coordination skills were also sets of skills important to effectively manage in a PPP settings. Further, PPP managers should also have sufficient technical and project management experience, as well as experience in negotiation and arbitration. PPP managers should be knowledgeable and qualified to manage the construction, operational and the financial aspects of the PPP project. They should also be familiar with, and use specialized programming and scheduling techniques. The findings of this research were based on data collected from in-depth interviews with 21 partner managers in two case study organizations in Jordan.
LANDSLIDES AND SURFACE BREAKS OF THE 1911 M- 8.2 KEMIN EARTHQUAKE

The 1911 Ms = 8.2 Kemin (Kebin) earthquake in the northern Tien Shan (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan) formed a complex system of surface ruptures nearly 190 km long and numerous landslides and rock avalanches up to tens of millions of cubic meters in volume. Judging from their distribution, six fault segments of the Kemin-Chilik and the Aksu fault zones with different strikes, dips, and kinematics were activated. The Kemin earthquake was one of the strongest events of a sequence of seismic catastrophes that affected the Kungei and Trans-iii-Alatau mountain ranges between 1887 and 1938. The effects of the Kemin earthquake are well documented in a monograph published soon after the event by K. I. Bogdanovich. In the framework of the European INCO·COPERNICUS program, the surface ruptures, landslides, and rockslides associated with this earthquake have been re-examined in detail. In addition, the large-scale tectonic setting of the Kemin-Chilik and Aksu fault zones has been re-evaluated, and their segments have been identified and described. The whole system forms a sinistral transpressional structure, which controls the formation of the mountain ranges between the Issyk-Kul' depression and the Kazakhstan block. The surface ruptures of the 1911 earthquake can presently be observed in the field over a total length of nearly 100 km and :generally reactivate longer-term cumulative paleoseismic fault scarps. The presence of well-expressed paleoseismic fault scarps and several tremendous ancient landslides in the Chon-Kemin, Chon-Aksu, and Aksu valleys can be considered as evidence for strong prehistoric earthquakes. Active fault, landslides, 1911 Kemin earthquake, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan