Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased mortality after infusion of "modern" hydroxyethyl starch.

The clinical utility of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions shows substantial limitations due to characteristic complications such as kidney failure, impairment of coagulation, pruritus, and has the potential to increase mortality [1, 2]. Nevertheless, it continues to be argued that “modern” HES solutions with a comparatively low average molecular weight of 130 kDa and low average substitution of 0.4–0.42 may mitigate the risks. However, a recent metaanalysis of 13 randomised controlled trials with a total of 1131 patients revealed a trend toward increased mortality in recipients of HES 130/0.4, as judged by a pooled relative risk (RR) of 1.14 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.89 to 1.46 [3]. This trend became even stronger after adjustment for significant publication bias (RR: 1.25; CI: 0.98 to 1.58) but still did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.069). It was noted in the meta-analysis that major new evidence on the safety of modern HES would be shortly forthcoming from the Scandinavian Starch for Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock (6S) trial and the Crystalloid versus Hydroxyethyl Starch Trial (CHEST). Those trials have now been reported [4, 5], and their results have been used to update the meta-analysis.
Detecting generic low-level features in images

Traditional definitions of edges and corners are limited in the sense that they restrict their application. In this paper we generalize the concepts of edges and corners to 1D features and 2D features, respectively. The phase congruency theory is chosen as a mathematical system to model the generalized concepts. The basics of the phase congruency theory along with the local energy model are described. The extraction schemes of 2D features from 2D gray level images are studied and discussed as a demonstration of our generalization idea. The performance evaluation and the preliminary improvement show that this kind of generalization on features and the modeling are successful and promising.
Localized genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem

This book identifies some problems, the genetic algorithm GA is facing in the area of vehicle routing problem VRP and proposes various methods to address those problems. Those problems arise from unavailability of suitable chromosomal representation and evaluation schemes of the GA for the VRP. They have problems of high computational cost, illegal chromosomes and wrong fitness assignment. These problems are addressed by several new proposed schemes namely Self Imposed Constraints evaluation scheme, Contour and Reverse Contour evaluation scheme and Order Skiping evaluation scheme, which are specifically tailored for various problems, objectives and situations. Apart from this Localized Optimization Framework is introduced,which standardizes divide and conquer strategies. Genetic Algorithm is used in this framework to be called as Localized Genetic Algorithm. Lastly, a standard unit for computational comparison i.e., Bellman's Evaluation Units BEUs, is also introduced to facilitate computational comparisons for future researchers. Furthermore computational complexity estimation is also modelled to estimate computational time without actual experimentation.
Multiple and aggressive pulmonary vein transcatheter interventions as bridge to transplantation in primary diffuse pulmonary vein stenosis

Primary diffuse congenital pulmonary vein stenosis (PDPVS) is a severe condition with poor prognosis. No therapeutic strategy has been found to be effective in its management to date. We report the case of a premature child with severe PDPVS who underwent multiple transcatheter interventions as bridge to heart–lung transplantation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Avaliação de recursos estratégicos em empresas hoteleiras de um município sul-mato-grossense

Embora a visao baseada em recursos represente uma das principais correntes de pensamento da area de estrategia empresarial, a identificacao e a analise de recursos e uma atividade de dificil operacionalizacao e ainda pouco estudada. Reconhecendo a importância dessa atividade e contribuindo com um procedimento metodologico para a avaliacao de recursos, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar os recursos estrategicos de empresas pertencentes ao setor hoteleiro de um municipio do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul com um elevado fluxo de turistas de negocios. Para alcancar esse objetivo, foram realizados estudos de casos em dois hoteis, utilizando como tecnica principal de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada com perguntas abertas e fechadas dirigidas aos gerentes das empresas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada e de carater descritivo que adotou uma abordagem predominantemente qualitativa para a analise de dados. Os resultados demonstraram a aplicabilidade da metodologia proposta e permitiram que os gerentes dos hoteis pesquisados tivessem condicoes de reconhecer seus recursos estrategicos e entender como poderiam melhorar o valor, a sustentabilidade e a versatilidade deles.
Redefinition of the normal range for serum sodium.

The serum sodium concentrations of three groups of patients selected from laboratory records and of one group of outpatients selected for a prospective study were examined. The mean serum sodium concentration of inpatients with normal serum urea concentrations was 8.5 mEq. / L. lower than that of a group of healthy normal subjects. Part of this difference (2.6 mEq./L.) could be attributed to a nonspecific effect of illness. It was not possible to demonstrate any effect due to the hospital environment, but the results do not exclude the possibility of such an effect. It was concluded that all or most of the remaining difference was due to weighting of the inpatient data by low values of pathologic significance; the proportion of these low values was too great to allow a normal range to be extracted from the data by statistical methods. The concept of the normal range is discussed. It is suggested that two ranges are required for serum sodium, a normal range (137-147 mEq./L. in this laboratory) to make assertions about alterations in specific diseases, and a range derived from patients likely to have no manifest disturbances of salt and water metabolism (135-144 mEq./ L.) to detect such disturbances.
A Locus Influencing Total Serum Cholesterol on Chromosome 19p: Results From an Autosomal Genomic Scan of Serum Lipid Concentrations in Pima Indians

Abstract—A genome-wide linkage study was analyzed to identify loci that influence serum lipid concentrations in Pima Indians. Linkage analyses were conducted for total cholesterol measured in 998 siblings from 292 nuclear families, for total triglycerides in 547 siblings from 188 families, and for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in 590 siblings from 201 families. Genotypes were generated for 516 autosomal microsatellite markers. Multipoint variance components methods were used to assess linkage. The strongest evidence for linkage with total cholesterol was on chromosome 19p (lod score 3.89), in the vicinity of the marker D19S1034, which is near the low density lipoprotein receptor gene. The strongest evidence for linkage with HDL cholesterol was on chromosome 3q (lod score 2.64) near D3S3053. For triglycerides, the strongest evidence for linkage was on chromosome 2p near D2S1788 (lod score 1.70) and on chromosome 3p near D3S2406 (lod score 1.77). This genomic scan provides evidence for a locus influencing total cholesterol concentration on chromosome 19p. It also suggests a locus influencing HDL cholesterol on chromosome 3q.
A two-step radio receiver architecture fully embedded into a charge-sharing SAR ADC

In this work, a new two-step radio receiver architecture is proposed, fully embedding two downconversion stages into a charge-sharing (CS) SAR ADC. In order to relax the sampling rate requirements of the ADC, the input signal is firstly downconverted into a specific IF prior to quantization, by a 4-Tap time-interleaved FIR filter in a subsampling manner. Since the ADC can embed the downconversion operation, a smaller subsampling ratio can be used, thus reducing the out-of-band noise density at the output and improving performance. Circuit-level simulations demonstrate, through an 8-bit CS SAR ADC, a SNDR of 48.2 dB, THD of −56.6 dB and a SFDR of 55.1 dB, in a structure that entirely renounce conventional mixer stages. As a consequence, significant power and area savings are expected, together with improved noise and linearity performances.
“Un-Googling”: Research Technologies, Communities at Risk and the Ethics of User Studies in HCI

Recent increase in volume of qualitative work on transnational technologies, HCI for development, virtual communities, and collaborative systems across a range of areas has resulted in focus on user communities whose very uniqueness may be of interest to HCI, but whose exposure in a research setting presents real threats to those individual’s or community’s livelihoods, work, or civil liberties. As the tools of research dissemination increasingly make scholarly publications more easily accessible to the public and other entities outside the academic community through simple search engines, scholars must grapple with new challenges to the ethics of exposure. We present a case-study of un-Googling publication of research results and consider potential problems with such an approach to minimizing risk to research participants
Atypical FOXP1 expression in malignant plasma cells that show several simultaneous translocations

1. Schofield JB, Mounter NA, Mallett R. The importance of accurate pathological assessment of lymph node involvement in colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2006; 8; 460–470. 2. NICE. Improving outcomes in colorectal cancer. Manual Update. London: National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2004. 3. Ryan R, Gibbons D, Hyland JMP et al. Pathological response following long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Histopathology 2005; 47; 141–146. 4. Cawthorn SJ, Gibbs NM, Marks CG. Clearance technique for the detection of lymph nodes in colorectal cancer. Br. J. Surg. 1986; 73; 58–60. 5. Wiese DA, Saha S, Badin J et al. Pathologic evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in colorectal carcinoma. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2000; 124; 1759–1763. 6. Clarke CRA. Neurological disease. In Kumar P, Clark M eds. Clinical medicine, 4th edn. London: W.B. Saunders, 1999; 1007–1104.
Detailing the Relation Between Renal T2* and Renal Tissue pO2 Using an Integrated Approach of Parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Invasive Physiological Measurements

ObjectivesThis study was designed to detail the relation between renal T2* and renal tissue pO2 using an integrated approach that combines parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative physiological measurements (MR-PHYSIOL). Materials and MethodsExperiments were performed in 21 male Wistar rats. In vivo modulation of renal hemodynamics and oxygenation was achieved by brief periods of aortic occlusion, hypoxia, and hyperoxia. Renal perfusion pressure (RPP), renal blood flow (RBF), local cortical and medullary tissue pO2, and blood flux were simultaneously recorded together with T2*, T2 mapping, and magnetic resonance–based kidney size measurements (MR-PHYSIOL). Magnetic resonance imaging was carried out on a 9.4-T small-animal magnetic resonance system. Relative changes in the invasive quantitative parameters were correlated with relative changes in the parameters derived from MRI using Spearman analysis and Pearson analysis. ResultsChanges in T2* qualitatively reflected tissue pO2 changes induced by the interventions. T2* versus pO2 Spearman rank correlations were significant for all interventions, yet quantitative translation of T2*/pO2 correlations obtained for one intervention to another intervention proved not appropriate. The closest T2*/pO2 correlation was found for hypoxia and recovery. The interlayer comparison revealed closest T2*/pO2 correlations for the outer medulla and showed that extrapolation of results obtained for one renal layer to other renal layers must be made with due caution. For T2* to RBF relation, significant Spearman correlations were deduced for all renal layers and for all interventions. T2*/RBF correlations for the cortex and outer medulla were even superior to those between T2* and tissue pO2. The closest T2*/RBF correlation occurred during hypoxia and recovery. Close correlations were observed between T2* and kidney size during hypoxia and recovery and for occlusion and recovery. In both cases, kidney size correlated well with renal vascular conductance, as did renal vascular conductance with T2*. Our findings indicate that changes in T2* qualitatively mirror changes in renal tissue pO2 but are also associated with confounding factors including vascular volume fraction and tubular volume fraction. ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that MR-PHYSIOL is instrumental to detail the link between renal tissue pO2 and T2* in vivo. Unravelling the link between regional renal T2* and tissue pO2, including the role of the T2* confounding parameters vascular and tubular volume fraction and oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve, requires further research. These explorations are essential before the quantitative capabilities of parametric MRI can be translated from experimental research to improved clinical understanding of hemodynamics/oxygenation in kidney disorders.
A Two-Tier Sandbox Architecture to Enforce Modular Fine-Grained Security Policies for Untrusted JavaScript

Existing approaches to providing security for untrusted JavaScript include isolation of capabilities -- a.k. a. sandboxing. Features of the JavaScript language conspire to make this nontrivial, and isolation normally requires complex filtering, transforming and wrapping untrusted code to restrict the code to a manageable subset. The latest JavaScript specification (ECMAScript 5) has been modified to make sandboxing easier and more widely applicable. This is illustrated in a sandboxing library recently developed by the Google Caja Team which allows untrusted code to interact with a restricted API. However, specifying and enforcing fine-grained policies within an API implementation is complex and inflexible, since each sandboxed application (there may be several within a single web page) may need an application-specific policy. In this paper, we present a two-tier architecture for sandboxed code which combines a baseline sandbox with a stateful fine-grained policy specified in an aspect-oriented programming style. The implementation of the fine-grained policy part is an adaptation of lightweight self-protecting JavaScript mechanism proposed by Phung at el (ASIACCS'09). This enforcement mechanism allows the policies to be defined in a modular way so that, for example, different policies can be specified and enforced for different untrusted applications within the same page. The mechanism is realized as a JavaScript library, so that it does not require a modified browser and untrusted code can be dynamically loaded and executed without run-time checking or transformation. We show the effectiveness of the mechanism by deploying some case studies and analyzing their security features.
Antibodies of IgA and IgG class in normal human urine.

Urine collected and concentrated from three individuals after tetanus toxoid immunization has been studied for antibody activity. Gel-filtration on Sephadex G-200 was used to fractionate the urine concentrates and antibody activity in the eluates was assessed by a passive haemagglutination test. Haemagglutinating activity was demonstrated by inhibition experiments in the IgG and IgA classes of immunoglobulin but not in the IgM or IgD classes. In no case could antibody activity be ascribed to molecules smaller than intact IgG.
Recipients of hip replacement for arthritis are less likely to be Hispanic, independent of access to health care and socioeconomic status.

OBJECTIVE To compare the proportion of Hispanics among recipients of hip replacements for primary articular disorders, recipients of knee replacements for the same reason, and persons hospitalized for other reasons. METHODS Twelve of the 17 accredited hospitals in Bexar County, Texas, in which hip or knee replacement surgery is performed permitted us to review their medical records. From 1993 through 1995, 3,100 elective, non-fracture-related, hip or knee replacements were performed. These individuals were matched by age, sex, hospital, and month of admission with 4,604 persons hospitalized for other reasons. Age, sex, ethnic background, type of medical insurance, median household income by zip code of residence, joint replaced, and surgical diagnosis were abstracted from the medical records. The validity of variables abstracted from the medical records was tested by comparison with self-report data in 115 patients interviewed prior to elective hip or knee replacement surgery. RESULTS During the study period, 2,275 subjects had a total knee replacement and 825 had a total hip replacement. Recipients of hip replacements were significantly less likely to be Hispanic than were recipients of knee replacements (19.5% versus 29.9%; odds ratio [OR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.46-0.71; P < or = 0.001) or persons hospitalized for other reasons (29.4% Hispanic; OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55-0.81). The under-representation of Hispanics was more pronounced among persons undergoing hip replacement for osteoarthritis compared with recipients of knee replacements for the same disease (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.37-0.62). This pattern persisted after adjusting for age, sex, type of medical insurance, and median household income by the zip code of residence. Concordance between medical records and self-report data on ethnic background was high (kappa = 0.93). CONCLUSION Recipients of hip replacement are less likely to be Hispanic than are other hospitalized persons with a similar level of access to care. The reasons for this under-representation probably involve factors in addition to lack of access to health care and low socioeconomic status. Further research is needed to understand the nature of such factors.
Risk of Second Seizure in Pediatric Patients With Idiopathic Autism

Purpose: Epilepsy is a comorbidity of idiopathic autism spectrum disorder. The aim was to characterize the risk and time of second seizure in children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder. Methods: A retrospective review was performed at the University of Chicago and NorthShore University HealthSystem. Patients with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder, ≥1 seizure, and age 2 to 23 years were included. Results: 153 patients were included; 141 (92%) had a second seizure. The average age at first seizure was 7.14 years (median: 5.08 years) and 8.12 years (median: 7.3 years) at second seizure. Average time between first and second seizure was 7.68 months. Discussion: A high risk of seizure recurrence was found in this population. There was a short time to second seizure, with most having a recurrence within 1 year. These findings may be used to guide therapy in children with autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy.
Modeling backscatter reflectivity of Ku-band SAR on periodic structures

Recently airborne SAR at very high frequencies, such as X- and Ku-bands, has been widely studied for many applications. In these studies, the backscatter properties at different frequencies have been well discussed. However, these properties of the urban objects and structures have not been sufficiently discussed yet. In this paper, we focus on evaluating the difference of Ku- and X-band SAR intensity of the man-made objects. Multi-frequency simultaneous airborne SAR observation from the same platform under the same condition enables to evaluate subtle difference of backscatter intensity from the periodic structures. This experiment shows that strong backscatter reflectivity of periodic structures is observed under the influence of Bragg scatter. The effect that the periodicity of the surface structures make a difference in multi-frequency SAR reflectance needs to be considered in SAR analysis especially for building structures in urban areas.
Blood levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and the risk of sudden death.

BACKGROUND Experimental data suggest that long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish have antiarrhythmic properties, and a randomized trial suggested that dietary supplements of n-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of sudden death among survivors of myocardial infarction. Whether long-chain n-3 fatty acids are also associated with the risk of sudden death in those without a history of cardiovascular disease is unknown. METHODS We conducted a prospective, nested case-control analysis among apparently healthy men who were followed for up to 17 years in the Physicians' Health Study. The fatty-acid composition of previously collected blood was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography for 94 men in whom sudden death occurred as the first manifestation of cardiovascular disease and for 184 controls matched with them for age and smoking status. RESULTS Base-line blood levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids were inversely related to the risk of sudden death both before adjustment for potential confounders (P for trend = 0.004) and after such adjustment (P for trend = 0.007). As compared with men whose blood levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids were in the lowest quartile, the relative risk of sudden death was significantly lower among men with levels in the third quartile (adjusted relative risk, 0.28; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.09 to 0.87) and the fourth quartile (adjusted relative risk, 0.19; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.05 to 0.71). CONCLUSIONS The n-3 fatty acids found in fish are strongly associated with a reduced risk of sudden death among men without evidence of prior cardiovascular disease.
Lethality of rep recB and rep recC double mutants of Escherichia coli

A rep mutation in combination with a recB or a recC mutation renders Escherichia coli non‐viable. This conclusion is based on the following lines of evidence: (i) double mutants cannot be constructed by P1 transduction; (ii) induction of the λ Gam protein, which inactivates most of the RecBCD activities, is lethal in rep mutants; (iii) rep recBts recCts mutants are not viable at high temperature. The reasons for a requirement for the RecBCD enzyme in rep strains were investigated. Initiation of chromosome replication, elongation and chromosomal segregation do not seem impaired in the rep recBts recCts mutant at the non‐permissive temperature. The viability of other rep derivatives was tested. rep recA recD triple mutants are not viable, whereas rep recD and rep recA double mutants are. Inactivation of both exoV activity and recBC‐dependent homologous recombination is therefore responsible for the non‐viability of rep recBC strains. However, sbcA and sbcB mutations, which render recBC mutants recombination proficient, do not restore viability of rep recBC mutants, indicating that recombination via the RecF or the RecE pathways cannot functionally replace RecBCD‐mediated recombination. The specific requirement for RecBCD suggests the occurrence of double‐strand DNA breaks in rep strains. Additional arguments in favour of the presence of DNA lesions in rep mutants are as follows: (i) expression of SOS repair functions delays lethality of rep derivatives after inactivation of RecBCD; (ii) sensitivity of rep strains to ultraviolet light is increased by partial inactivation of RecBCD. A model for the recovery of cells from double‐strand breaks in rep mutants is discussed.