Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of permanent magnet configuration in alternate circumferential and radial flux permanent magnet flux switching machines (AlCiRaF-PMFSM)

Alternate circumferential and radial flux (AlCiRaF) is new design in PMSFM. AlCiRaF PMFSM offers high torque and power density. However, AlCiRaF PMFSM is a novel design that a good opportunity to be potential improved further. In this research, the nine design of permanent magnet configuration in AlCiRaF PMFSM is proposed to compare each performance possibilities. The configurations of permanent magnet are introduced to study the performance effect by changing the permanent magnet position which is PM-Bottom, PM-Middle and PM-Top for both circumferential and radial direction. Besides, the permanent magnet structure design will improve field winding area structure to provide space for future improvement. Weight of all the permanent magnets are estimated to be 0.5 kg altogether. Initially, design procedures of the all motor including parts drawing, material and condition setting, the properties setting are all explained. Then, coil arrangement test is conducted to perform 3 phase armature coil arrangement. Then, no load analysis is conducted to analyze cogging torque, flux linkage, flux distribution and back-EMF of motor followed by load analysis which analyze the torque speed characteristics and output power of the motor with different permanent magnet configuration. No load analysis and load analysis are conducted using finite element analysis of JMAG Designer 16.0. Finally, it is found that there is no significant difference that resulted and the best permanent magnet configuration compared to the Existing AlCiRaF PMFSM permanent magnet design is TRBC PM and MRBC PM due to the capability to produce high output torque and power based on the analysis conducted.
Eradicating Bacterial Biofilms with Natural Products and Their Inspired Analogues that Operate Through Unique Mechanisms.

: Bacterial biofilms are surface-attached communities of slow- or non-replicating bacterial cells that display high levels of tolerance toward conventional antibiotic therapies. It is important to know that our entire arsenal of conventional antibiotics originated from screens used to identify inhibitors of bacterial growth, so it should be little surprise that our arsenal of growth-inhibiting agents have little effect on persistent biofilms. Despite this current state, a diverse collection of natural products and their related or inspired synthetic analogues are emerging that have the ability to kill persistent bacterial biofilms and persister cells in stationary cultures. Unlike conventional antibiotics that hit bacterial targets critical for rapidly-dividing bacteria (i.e., cell wall machinery, bacterial ribosomes), biofilm-eradicating agents operate through unique growth-independent mechanisms. These naturally occurring agents continue to inspire discovery efforts aimed at effectively treating chronic and recurring bacterial infections due to persistent bacterial biofilms.
GMPR: A novel normalization method for microbiome sequencing data

Summary Normalization is the first and a critical step in microbiome sequencing (microbiome-Seq) data analysis to account for variable library sizes. Though RNA-Seq based normalization methods have been adapted for microbiome-Seq data, they fail to consider the unique characteristics of microbiome-Seq data, which contain a vast number of zeros due to the physical absence or undersampling of the microbes. Normalization methods that specifically address the zeroinflation remain largely undeveloped. Here we propose GMPR - a simple but effective normalization method - for zeroinflated sequencing data such as microbiome-Seq data. Simulation studies and analyses of 38 real gut microbiome datasets from 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed method. Availability and Implementation ‘GMPR’ is implemented in R andavailable at https://github.com/jchen1981/GMPR Supplementary Information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. Contact Chen.Jun2@mayo.edu
[Effectiveness of hydroxycinamates and beta-glucans as dietary tools against obesity and its associated dysfunctions, and their application as nutraceuticals]

Introduction Over the last few years the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased, affecting in certain parts of the world more than half of the adult population. Obesity has been related to disorders such as type-2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases, among others, which has made of obesity the second cause of preventable death, only behind smoking. Bearing this in mind, it is necessary to find new strategies to overcome overweight/obesity and its associated pathologies. In this context, nutraceuticals and dietary supplements have become interesting tools thanks to their composition, rich in bioactive compounds beneficial to health. Among bioactive compounds, this study will focus on β-glucans, a type of soluble dietary fiber, and hydroxycinnamic acids, a group of phenols. Both types of compounds show complex and multifactorial effects, acting as hypolipemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, prebiotic and satiating agents. They act by modulating different metabolic pathways, affecting the absorption and metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, reducing oxidative damage, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacterial species, and reducing dietary intake. It may be concluded that both beta-glucans and hydroxycinnamates have potential as a nutritional tool for the management of obesity and its associated metabolic dysfunctions.
Meditation and yoga improving emotional regulation and decreases drug abuse for juvenile delinquency

The centred clinical side effects of dependence incorporate an upgraded motivation for drug taking (desiring) for juvenile delinquency, impeded self-control (impulsivity and compulsivity), emotion deregulation (negative mind-set) and expanded stress reactivity. Manifestations identified with debilitated poise include decreased movement in anterior (front) cingulated cortex (ACC), nearby prefrontal cortex (PFC) and other cerebrum regions. Behaviour training, for example, meditation and yoga can build the function of control systems including those prompting enhanced emotion regulations and along these lines might be a promising methodology for the treatment of fixation.
The Combined Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and Ethylene on Green-life and Postharvest Quality of Banana Fruit

ABSTRACT 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) extends shelf-life of banana fruit, however, it induces uneven ripening. The strong effect 1-MCP has on ethylene receptors probably condition the fruit to ripen unevenly. Combined application of 1-MCP and ethephon has been reported to alleviate this negative effect. However, limited work reported the effect of the treatment at cold storage. Hence, the present study determined whether the combined application of 1-MCP and ethylene prolongs banana green-life during cold storage and induces uniform ripening during shelf-life. The study comprised four treatments: control (untreated), gaseous 1-MCP at 400 nL L−1 and combination of 400 nL L−1 1-MCP with liquid ethephon at 50 or 100 µL L−1 concentrations. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replicates. The treated fruit were cold stored at 14°C for 30 d and thereafter 23°C to simulate shelf-life for 9 d. The results showed that 400 nL L−1 1-MCP and combined with 50 and 100 µL L−1 ethephon prolonged green-life and delayed ripening during cold storage compared to the control. In addition, there was more softening, yellow color development, and accumulation of soluble sugars in fruit treated with 1-MCP+ethephon compared to 1-MCP during shelf-life. The combined application of 1-MCP and ethylene is an effective strategy that prolongs banana green-life during cold storage and induces uniform ripening during shelf-life. This strategy has potential to be used when banana fruit are exported to distant markets, since it also prolongs green-life for a long time.
Harmonic distortion characterization in groups of distribution networks applying the IEEE Standard 519-2014

Recently, it has been produced an accelerated presence of non-linear elements in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors, which has affected the voltage waveform, altering its amplitude and frequency. These sectors obtain the electric energy from distribution networks, so it is essential to check them systematically in order to ensure the power quality according to operational guidelines and national standards. Power quality involves a wide variety of electromagnetic phenomena on the power system, highlighting the harmonics. This paper presents an application based on the k-means clustering to identify similarities in the behavior of the harmonic distortion of voltage and current in distribution networks and its validation and refinement using the rough sets theory. The main result lies in the characterization of those groups of distribution networks by means of their centroids and according to the IEEE Standard 519-2014. To verify the methodology, field measurements of a group of distribution networks in Cuba are analyzed.
Stakeholder and resource‐based antecedents and performance outcomes of green export business strategy: insights from an emerging economy

PurposeBuilding upon insights from institutional theory and resource-based view (RBV), the aim of this study is to investigate the direct effects of stakeholder pressures on organizational resources, organizational capabilities and green export business strategy and to explore the indirect impacts of organizational resources and capabilities on the link between stakeholder pressure and green business strategy from an emerging economy.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study was conducted to test the conceptual model within this study. In total, 235 questionnaires were collected from Turkish exporting manufacturing companies and the data was analyzed through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results of the study demonstrated that stakeholder pressures have strong and positive effects on organizational resources and organizational capabilities for firms from emerging markets. Also, organizational resources, capabilities and stakeholder pressures have significant impacts on green export business strategy, which in turn, influences positively export market and financial performance.Practical implicationsSeveral implications were presented in this study via examining the forces affecting companies' environmental strategies and how implementing these strategies result in favorable gains in their international operations for emerging country exporters.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study lies in the under-researched context, in discussing the mutually and contradictory roles played by stakeholders and in examining determinants of the adoption of green strategies by emerging-market exporters. In this sense, stakeholders make the life of the company tougher at home by demanding a greener posture; on the other hand, by doing so, they prompt the company to be competitive when selling to developed markets.
Highly enriched N‐containing organic molecules of Synechococcus lysates and their rapid transformation by heterotrophic bacteria

Phytoplankton are major contributors of labile dissolved organic matter to marine euphotic zone ecosystems. Viral‐mediated phytoplankton lysis releases a considerable amount of bioavailable cellular contents and facilitates localized heterotrophic bacterial growth. The rapid turnover times of this labile organic matter renders it difficult to trace their transformation within natural environments. In the present study, we used a model phototroph‐heterotroph coculture system to investigate the organic molecular variation during cyanophage‐induced Synechococcus lysis and post‐lysis periods using fluorescence spectroscopy and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry analyses. Approximately 80% of the Synechococcus lysates were respired to carbon dioxide within 2 days coupled to rapid regeneration of inorganic nutrients. Five fluorescent dissolved organic matter components were detected in the incubations including four humic‐like and one protein‐like components, and their abundances varied markedly with the succession of the viral lysis process. Viral lysis promoted the transformation of Synechococcus biomass to dissolved organic matter, and heterotrophic bacterial metabolism facilitated the transformation of organic molecules from relatively high (avg. ~ 430 Da) to low (avg. ~ 360 Da) molecular weight, corresponding to variation in their bioavailability. The Synechococcus‐derived organic matter was highly enriched in N‐containing organic molecules. Identified metabolites within the cultures primarily comprised amino acids or oligopeptides and other low‐molecular‐weight organic acids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, lipids, biogenic amines, and porphyrins. Among these, oligopeptides, nucleotides, and lipid compounds significantly increased with viral lysis. These results provide insight into biogeochemical cycling mediated by viral shunts in oceans, thus deepening our understanding of microbial food webs at the molecular level.
Penicillium subgenus Penicillium - A guide to identification of food and air-borne terverticillate Penicillia and their mycotoxins

Species in Penicillium subgenus Penicillium have terverticillate penicilli and are related to the ascomycete genus Eupenicillium series Crustacea, Many of its species are very common, being associated with stored foods of human beings and other animals, but also with animal dung and building materials, indoor air, and several other habitats. The taxonomy of this group has been regarded to be especially difficult, but here we propose a stable taxonomy of these species based on a polyphasic study of a large number of isolates. 58 species are accepted. Four new species, P. cavernicola, P. freii, P. marinum and P. thymicola are described and two new combinations are made: P. melanoconidium and P. neoechinulatum. The species are ordered in natural sections and series, i.e. series that are both ecologically and phylogenetically consistent. The sections are named Coronata, Chrysogena, Roqueforti, Expansa, Digitata and Viridicata and emended because they differ considerably from the circumscriptions made by Pitt (1979). Some species with terverticillate penicilli, or rather twice biverticillate penicilli, including P. arenicola, P. scabrosum, P. fennelliae and P. lanosum, are regarded as phylogenetically and phenetically unrelated soil-borne forms and are not treated here. The phenotypic characters used include microand macro-morphology, physiology, including growth at 5, 15, 25, 30, 37oC, growth at 5 % NaCl and 15 % sucrose, and growth inhibition in presence of 1 % propionic acid, nutritional characters, including growth on urea, nitrite and creatine. All species have been analyzed for secondary metabolites (extrolites) and the profiles of these extrolites are highly species specific, and often of high consistency. In general features based on fungal differentiation (morphology and extrolites) are most diagnostic and consistent, but the classification proposed is also supported by the physiological and nutritional characters. The ecology and biogeography of the species is discussed and data on extrolites, both mycotoxins and pharmaceutically active compounds, is listed. Descriptions and colour illustrations of the colonies and micromorphology of the 58 accepted species are given. Keys to the taxa in the various series are given, but for a more detailed electronic database including partial beta tubulin sequences reference is made to http: //www.cbs. knaw.nl/ penicillium.htm.
A Three-Level Scoring System for Fast Similarity Evaluation Based on Smith-Waterman Algorithm

The Smith-Waterman (S-W) algorithm is widely adopted by the state-of-the-art DNA sequence aligners in next-generation sequencing (NGS). Prevailing read aligners, such as BWA-MEM and Bowtie 2, use the S-W algorithm to implement the seed-and-extend paradigm. In this work, we further extend the functionality of the S-W algorithm to evaluate the similarity between a pair of sequences without going through traceback process, and design a three-level hardware scoring system to compute final result efficiently. The system is made reconfigurable to align pairs of sequences of various length with a restriction of maximum number of errors. Experimental results show that the system can achieve a throughput of 685Mb/s at 69 iterations in the case of 126bp and the accuracy rate of the outputs is over 98% campared with software results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first hardware implementation for a similarity evaluation system based on the S-W algorithm.
Managing uncertainty in demand through inventory and workforce development

This paper studies whether and how a manufacturer can mitigate the effects of demand uncertainty during production ramp up by jointly managing inventory and capacity development, determined by the productivity of a heterogeneous workforce. One way the manufacturer can direct its capacity development is by recognising that workers become more productive as they gain experience when making scheduling decisions. We consider a situation in which demands for multiple products are periodically revealed and a manufacturer must decide what each individual does in the production process, how much inventory is accumulated, and how demands are met. To study the potential benefits, we formulate a Markov decision process model which we solve using a one-step lookahead approximation. Results of an extensive computational study show that, given the effectiveness associated with both directing capacity and holding inventory, manufacturers should consider the workforce's capacity to learn when making job assignments during production ramp up. Analysis of the results suggests that inventory and capacity building patterns depend on product value and the workforce's experience levels. Further analysis shows that slower learners and those with the potential to achieve higher productivity should specialise more. Faster learners, on the other hand, are best suited for cross training.
Novel Pattern Recognition Approaches to Identification of Gene-Expression Pathways in Banana Cultivars

Bolstered resubstitution is a simple and fast error estimation method that has been shown to perform better than cross-validation and comparably with bootstrap in small-sample settings. However, it has been observed that its performance can deteriorate in high-dimensional feature spaces. To overcome this issue, we propose here a modification of bolstered error estimation based on the principle of Naive Bayes. This estimator is simple to compute and is reducible under feature selection. In experiments using popular classification rules applied to data from a well-known breast cancer gene expression study, the new Naive-Bayes bolstered estimator outperformed the old one, as well as cross-validation and resubstitution, in high-dimensional target feature spaces (after feature selection); it was superior to the 0.632 bootstrap provided that the sample size was not too small. Model selection is the task of choosing a model with optimal complexity for the given data set. Most model selection criteria try to minimize the sum of a training error term and a complexity control term, that is, minimize the complexity penalized loss. We investigate replacing the training error with bolstered resubstitution in the penalized loss to do model selection. Computer simulations indicate that the proposed method improves the performance of the model selection in terms of choosing the correct model complexity. Besides applying novel error estimation to model selection in pattern recognition, we also apply it to assess the performance of classifiers designed on the banana gene-expression data. Bananas are the world’s most important fruit; they are a vital component of local diets in many countries. Diseases and drought are major threats in banana production. To generate disease and drought tolerant bananas, we need
Two-dimensional determinant inversion of marine magnetotelluric data and a field example from the Gulf of California, Mexico

Two-dimensional marine magnetotelluric (MT) observations are useful for offshore geologic studies, such as natural resource exploration, fault mapping, fluid estimation at subduction zones, and the delineation of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath the seafloor. Earth structures are often assumed to be two dimensional, which allows MT data to be decomposed into a transverse electric (TE) mode and a transverse magnetic (TM) mode. The 2D assumption can effectively reduce acquisition and computational costs. However, offline 3D effects and other problems such as lack/failure of the compass on instruments are often encountered, making it difficult to decompose data into the TE and TM modes. In these cases, 2D inversion may be misleading or may not provide an acceptable misfit to the marine MT observations. Thus, we have developed a 2D determinant inversion to the marine MT method to mitigate these difficulties, implemented in the MARE2DEM code, and we tested its utility using synthetic examples and a field example. In the synthetic examples, the determinant inversion demonstrates an ability to overcome 3D effects caused by 3D anomalies and bathymetry. With confidence from the synthetic tests, we interpreted real data acquired in the Gulf of California, Mexico, where not only is the bathymetry 3D in nature, but the external compasses failed to record the orientation. The field data can not only be fit to a reasonable misfit with a determinant inversion, but the resolved conductive zones also have a good correlation with known faults. A comparison between the resistivity model from the field data and a seismic reflection section shows that a previously interpreted fault, the Wagner Fault, should be shifted 5 km toward the southwest and made slightly steeper. Thus, the implementation of the determinant inversion may provide a new approach for using problematic 2D data.