Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Evolving paradigms in antithrombotic therapy for anticoagulated patients undergoing coronary stenting

: A sizable proportion of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation have an indication for treatment with oral anticoagulant therapy (OAC). The coexistence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the need for PCI expose patients to a higher risk of developing thrombotic complications, and a multitargeted antithrombotic treatment strategy, addressing both platelet- and coagulation-mediated triggering mechanisms of thrombosis, is necessary for ensuring full protection from ischemic hazards. The increased bleeding risk identified with triple antithrombotic therapy has driven the search for alternative treatment modalities and pharmacological combination strategies aimed at achieving an optimal balance between safety and efficacy in this complex clinical scenario. Over a short time period, the paradigms surrounding the management of patients undergoing PCI who require OAC have substantially evolved. In this review, we summarize and critically evaluate the results of recent randomized clinical trials investigating the pharmacological management of patients who, in addition to antiplatelet therapy, have an indication for OAC treatment before or at the time of a PCI procedure. disease requiring stent implantation. Thromboembolic risk follows specific temporal dynamics with a higher risk for stent thrombosis seen in the periprocedural and early postoperative phases after stent implantation. A continuous increase in stroke risk can be hypothesized due to pathophysiological mechanisms predisposing to atrial dilation and blood stasis during the course of the disease.
Haemophiliac adolescents’ perspectives of resilience: A qualitative study based on the resilience in illness model

A qualitative study was conducted to investigate the concept of resilience among Iranian haemophilic adolescents based on the Haase’s Resilience in Illness Model (RIM). Purposive sampling was used to recruit 15 participants comprising haemophilic adolescents and their parents in the study. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analysed using direct content analysis. The themes and categories were defensive coping (emotive coping, evasive coping), courageous coping (optimism, constructive approach, seeking support), derived meaning (spiritual strategy, hope) and social support (support from family, friends and treatment teams). Social support, adopting a spiritual strategy and self-management behaviours played an important role among the adolescents in improving their level of resilience and skills to cope with haemophilia.
Deep Neck Infections Are Life Threatening Infections of Dental Origin: a Presentation and Management of Selected Cases.

BACKGROUND Untreated dental caries or even dental manipulations, such as a tooth extraction, might cause direct spread of an odontogenic infection and consequently the development of life-threatening conditions such as deep neck infections (DNI). The most common source of DNI is of odontogenic origin (38.8-49%). Abscess formation or cellulitis can lead to life-threatening complications, despite new diagnostic imaging technology and widespread availability of antibiotics. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate the dangers of DNI, which can create life-threatening situations. METHODS Five cases of DNI of odontogenic origin, which were referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery unit, are presented. RESULTS Clinical manifestations included trismus, dysphagia, dysphonia, dyspnea, and infection symptoms. In all cases, computed tomography confirmed diagnosis and extent of abscess. Complications included mediastinitis, respiratory distress, osteomyelitis of the jaws, and in rare cases the mandibular condyle. Treatment included securing the airway, immediate surgical drainage, removal of the infection source, and antibiotic therapy. All patients were discharged in stable and improved condition. CONCLUSIONS DNI treatment on an emergency basis requires proper diagnosis and effective management. To confirm diagnosis and prevent serious complications, it is essential for physicians to recognize the spaces of the head and neck that are likely to be affected by DNI.
The effects of local injection of exosomes derived from BMSCs on random skin flap in rats.

PURPOSE To determine if the viability of random pattern dorsal skin flaps in rats could be improved with local injection of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS 30 adult male SD rats (weight 200-250 g) were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Exosomes were isolated from the 4th generation of BMSCs. Experimental group were treated with local injection of exosomes suspension while control group were treated with saline solution in the same way. McFarlane-type flaps (9.0 × 3.0 cm) were then operated in the dorsum of all. On the seventh postoperative day, the percentage of viability area was measured and the blood flow was detected by laser doppler. Then rats were sacrificed and flaps were cut off for further check. RESULTS Compared with controls, the exosomes increased the area of survival (P<0.05). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of zone II showed higher microvascular density (P<0.05) and better angiogenesis (P<0.05) in the exosomes group. Similarly, the blood flow of exosomes was better than the control group according to laser doppler imaging (P<0.05). And the result of immunohistochemistry and western blot showed that the exosomes group had significantly higher VEGF and CD34 expression compared to the controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Local injection of BMSCs exosomes was effective to attenuate necrosis of the McFarlane-type flaps in rats.
Glycerol kinase enhances hepatic lipid metabolism by repressing nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in the nucleus.

Glycerol kinase (GYK) plays a critical role in hepatic metabolism by converting glycerol to glycerol 3-phosphate in an ATP-dependent reaction. GYK isoform b is the only glycerol kinase present in whole cells and has a non-enzymatic moonlighting function in the nucleus. GYK isoform b acts as a co-regulator of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 (NR4A1) and participates in the regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism by protein-protein interaction with NR4A1. Herein, GYK expression was found to upregulate the expression of NR4A1-mediated lipid metabolism-related genes (SREBP1C, FASN, ACACA, and GPAM) in HEK293T and L02 cells, and in mouse in vivo studies. GYK expression increased blood cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. It enhanced the transcriptional activity of Nr4a1 target genes by negatively cooperating with NR4A1 and its enzymatic activity or by other undefined moonlighting functions. This enhancement was observed in both normal and diabetic mice. We also found a feed-forward regulation loop between GYK and NR4A1, serving as part of a GYK-NR4A1 regulatory mechanism in hepatic metabolism. Thus, GYK regulates the effect of NR4A1 on hepatic lipid metabolism in normal and diabetic mice, partially through the cooperation of GYK and NR4A1.
Increased bioaffinity and anti-inflammatory activity of florfenicol nanocrystals by wet grinding method

Abstract Context: The main objective of the current study is to improve the water solubility of florfenicol (FF) and evaluate changes in its pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and methods: Florfenicol nanocrystals (FF-NC) were prepared by wet grinding combined with spray drying. The characterisations, pharmacokinetics, and anti-inflammatory activity of FF-NC were evaluated. Results: The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of FF-NC were 276.4 ± 19.4 nm, 0.166 ± 0.011, and –18.66 ± 5.25 mV, respectively. Compared with FF, FF-NC showed a better dissolution rate in media at different pH. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed the area under the curve (AUC0–t), maximum concentration (Cmax), and mean residence time (MRT) of FF-NC were about 4.62-fold, 2.86-fold, and 1.68-fold higher compared with FF, respectively. In vitro anti-inflammatory experiments showed that FF inhibited the secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and synthesis of NO in a dose-dependent manner, while FF-NC showed a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than FF under the same dose. Conclusion: FF-NC are an effective way to improve the bioaffinity and anti-inflammatory effects of FF.
Inflammatory and nutritional status is a predictor of long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer. Validation of the Naples prognostic score.

PURPOSE Oncological outcome depends not only on tumor behaviour but also on nutritional and immune-inflammatory host status. Data in gastric cancer are limited. The main aim of this study was to prospectively assess Naples prognostic score (NPS) in gastric cancer patients. NPS was also compared with prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and systemic inflammation score (SIS). METHODS Overall survival (OS) and complication rates of 415 patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery from January 2000 to December 2015 were calculated. Disease-free survival (DFS) rates were assessed in 307 radically resected patients. MaxStat analysis was used to identify the best cut-off values. NPS scores were divided into 3 groups (NPS 0-3). The receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve for censored survival data was used to compare the prognostic performance of scoring systems. RESULTS NPS positively correlated with current scoring systems (p<0.001) and advanced tumor stages (p<0.001). Patients with elevated NPS scores experienced more postoperative complications (all patients: p=0.003; radically resected patients: p=0.010). NPS1 and NPS2 patients had a higher hazard ratio (HR) than NPS0 patients for OS (NPS1 HR 2.04, NPS2 HR 4.27; p<0.001) and DFS (NPS1 HR 1.70, NPS2 HR 4.98; p<0.001). Among the different scoring systems, only NPS was selected as an independent significant predictor for OS (p=0.024) and DFS (p=0.009). NPS was assigned the best prognostic performance by ROC analysis, equalling TNM staging system, and correctly identified highrisk patients. CONCLUSIONS NPS is an easy to calculate prognostic score strongly associated with outcome in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. KEY WORDS Gastric cancers, Immune-nutritional and inflammatory host status, Naples prognostic score.
Transition Metal-Free Alkyne Hydrogenation Catalysis with BaGa2, a Hydrogen Absorbing Layered Zintl Phase.

Inexpensive, transition metal-free intermetallic compounds have received almost no attention as heterogeneous catalysts. Here we show that BaGa2, a Zintl-Klemm compound comprised of honeycomb sheets of Ga- anions separated by Ba2+ cations and known to react with H2 under modest conditions to form a layered polyanionic hydride BaGa2H2, effectively catalyzes the hydrogenation of phenylacetylene into styrene and ethylbenzene under modest conditions (1-50 bar H2, 40-100 oC). Remarkably, the catalytic activity of BaGa2 (surface specific activities up to 8390 h-1), is on the same order of magnitude as commercial Pd-based catalysts. In contrast, the hydrogenated form, BaGa2H2 shows negligible catalytic activity thereby indicating that the unsaturated Ga- framework is necessary for phenylacetylene and styrene adsorption. These findings open up future explorations of utilizing and optimizing the long-term stability of transition metal-free intermetallic hydrogen absorbing compounds for hydrogen-based catalysis.
Land-use change affects size spectra, energy flux and ecosystem functions in litter and soil invertebrates.

In Focus: Potapov, A. M. , Klarner, B. , Sandmann, D. , Widyastuti, R. and Scheu, S. (2019). Linking size spectrum, energy flux and trophic multifunctionality in soil food webs of tropical land-use systems. Journal of Animal Ecology, 88, 1845-1859. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13027 Potapov et al. (2019) advance our understanding of the various levels of the consequences of human impact on ecosystems. They examine the communities of litter and soil invertebrates in four different forests (from rainforest to oil palm plantations). Data on abundance, body masses and trophic guild in litter and soil invertebrates are expanded to a study towards biodiversity, biomass, energy flux and ecosystem functions. Their results show that size spectra are affected differently for decomposers, herbivores, omnivores and predators. Most of these groups decrease in abundance with increasing land use, and only large decomposers increase strongly. Moreover, creating trophic-group food webs for litter and soil invertebrates of each forest demonstrates the changes in energy flux and ecosystem functions. With their study, Potapov et al. (2019) present new insights into ecosystem functions and the sensitivity of communities to changes in land use.
β‐Blockade attenuates renal blood flow in experimental endotoxic shock by reducing perfusion pressure

Clinical data suggests that heart rate (HR) control with selective β1‐blockers may improve cardiac function during septic shock. However, it seems counterintuitive to start β‐blocker infusion in a shock state when organ blood flow is already low or insufficient. Therefore, we studied the effects of HR control with esmolol, an ultrashort‐ acting β1‐selective adrenoceptor antagonist, on renal blood flow (RBF) and renal autoregulation during early septic shock. In 10 healthy sheep, sepsis was induced by continuous i.v. administration of lipopolysaccharide, while maintained under anesthesia and mechanically ventilated. After successful resuscitation of the septic shock with fluids and vasoactive drugs, esmolol was infused to reduce HR with 30% and was stopped 30‐min after reaching this target. Arterial and venous pressures, and RBF were recorded continuously. Renal autoregulation was evaluated by the response in RBF to renal perfusion pressure (RPP) in both the time domain and frequency domain. During septic shock, β‐blockade with esmolol significantly increased the pressure dependency of RBF to RPP. Stopping esmolol showed the reversibility of the impaired renal autoregulation. Showing that clinical diligence and caution are necessary when treating septic shock with esmolol in the acute phase since esmolol reduced RPP to critical values thereby significantly reducing RBF.
Assessment of Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program in Consolacion del Sur municipality

Introduction: the assessment of Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program should be carried out frequently to solve current difficulties. Objective: to assess the development and quality of Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program in Consolacion del Sur during 2005-2007. Material and Method: an observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study with analytical components was conducted. The target group involved (N=34570 women from ≥ 15 years old). The sampling frame was comprised of 22233 women from 25-59 years old (included into Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program). Annual incidence of lesions and the age of onset were calculated. Quality of cytological diagnosis was also assessed by means of performance tests. Chisquared distribution (χ2), Cohen’s kappa concordance analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used. Results: low-continuous coverage with variations in the different health areas of the municipality was observed, despite the fact that cytological diagnosis is inserted into the international standards with a sensitivity of more than 60% and a global efficacy of more than 70%, the annual incidence of low-degree lesions doubled at the end of the period, but those having high-degree were stable. Invasive carcinomas were present, though scarcely. Conclusion: Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program showed achievements in Consolacion del Sur, but deficiencies in both Primary and Secondary Health Care are still present. DeCS: Cytodiagnosis; Health care; Uterine cervical neoplasm/diagnosis; National health programs.
Growth differentiation factor 9 and cumulus cell supplementation in in vitro maturation culture media enhances the viability of human blastocysts

Objective In vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes can be useful for some infertile patients. In IVM programs, the rates of embryo formation and pregnancy are low. Therefore, it is essential to recognize the main factors involved in regulating oocyte maturation in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and cumulus cell (CC) supplementation in IVM medium on the rates of embryo formation and viability of human blastocysts. Methods A total of 80 germinal vesicle oocytes from stimulated cycles underwent an IVM program. The oocytes were divided into four groups, where group I consisted of IVM media only and served as the control, group II consisted of IVM+CCs, group III consisted of IVM+GDF9 (200 ng/mL), and group IV consisted of IVM+CCs+GDF9 (200 ng/mL). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed on the IVM oocytes, and the cleavage embryos that were generated were vitrified. Following thawing, the embryos were cultured for 3 additional days, and the viability rates of the developed blastocysts were determined. Results The maturation rate of the oocytes did not differ significantly across the four groups. The fertilization rate in group II was significantly higher than that in the control group (76.5% vs. 46.2%). Embryo formation was significantly more frequent in all experimental groups than in the control group, while blastocyst formation did not show significant differences in the three experimental groups compared to the control. The mean viability rates in groups II, III, and IV were 58.16%, 55.91%, and 55.95%, respectively, versus 37.78% in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion Supplementation of IVM culture media with GDF9 and CCs enhanced the fertilization, embryo formation, and viability rates of blastocysts generated from vitrified cleavage embryos.
A survey assessing current benzodiazepine prescribing patterns and factors influencing benzodiazepine prescribing by Newfoundland and Labrador physicians

The Health Transition Fund report (Kennedy & Goyer, 2002) indicated that prescribing practices for benzodiazepines (BZDs) are frequently inappropriate, but more difficult to influence than others. The inappropriate benzodiazepine (BZD) prescriptions and the inability to influence prescription behavior through educational means provides justification for further study to understand the underlying factors associated with prescriptions. A survey of physicians can help objectify the variable(s) that play role(s) in the prescription of BZDs. For this thesis, a self-administered cross-sectional survey was conducted among the physicians in Newfoundland and Labrador in 2007 to assess the prescribing patterns of BZDs and variables influencing them. Response rate was 30.68% (n= 297) of which 78.48% (n = 233) prescribed BZDs. The BZD prescribing patterns and factors affecting them were significantly influenced by demographic variables of the respondents; these findings may be used to develop physician education tools that may help to optimize the BZD prescribing patterns.
Evaluation of severe trauma at the Emergency Department of the San Paolo Hospital of Savona: two years of experience

The authors analyze the major trauma recorded in a couple of years in the Emergency Room of the San Paolo Hospital of Savona after the setting, in the same district, of the trauma center at the Santa Corona Hospital of Pietra Ligure. Despite the policy of centralization adopted the amount of major trauma seen at the San Paolo Hospital remained unchanged over time and the number of patients who are not rescued by medicalized ambulance is still significant. These observations underline the importance of periodically reviewing the protocols and make training on trauma also in hospitals that are not recognized as trauma center.
Molecular Features and Expression Patterns of Vitellogenin Receptor in Calliptamus italicus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Abstract Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) mediates the intake of vitellin via oocytes, thus exerting an important role in vitellogenesis. In this study, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends techniques were adopted to clone the CiVgR gene, namely the VgR gene of Calliptamus italicus, i.e., Orthopteran. The full length of CiVgR was 5,589 bp, and the open reading frame was estimated to be 5,265 bp, which encoded 1,754 amino acids (aa). Sequence alignment analysis showed that CiVgR belonged to the superfamily of low-density lipoprotein receptor genes, which contained several conserved domains, including ligand-binding domains, epidermal growth factor precursor homology domains, transmembrane domains, and cytoplasmic domains. However, no O-linked sugar domain was identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CiVgR had the closest genetic relationship to Blattarias. RT-PCR showed that CiVgR was only specifically expressed in the ovarian tissue of females. quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction showed that the transcription of CiVgR already appeared in the fourth-instar nymph of C. italicus, which gradually increased after adult emergence, peaked at the previtellogenesis stage, and then started to decrease. The expression pattern of CiVgR was closely associated with vitellogenesis. The findings of this study further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the reproduction of C. italicus, and provide new ideas to control this insect.
LncRNA EPIC1 downregulation mediates hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell injury

Excessive oxidative stress causes neuronal cell injury. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) EPIC1 (Lnc-EPIC1) is a MYC-interacting LncRNA. Its expression and potential functions in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated neuronal cells are studied. In SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary human neuron cultures, H2O2 downregulated Lnc-EPIC1 and key MYC targets (Cyclin A1, CDC20 and CDC45). Ectopic overexpression of Lnc-EPIC1 increased expression of MYC targets and significantly attenuated H2O2-induced neuronal cell death and apoptosis. Contrarily, Lnc-EPIC1 siRNA potentiated neuronal cell death by H2O2. MYC knockout by CRISPR/Cas9 method also facilitated H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell death. Significantly, MYC knockout abolished Lnc-EPIC1-induced actions in H2O2-stimulated neuronal cells. Together, these results suggest that Lnc-EPIC1 downregulation mediates H2O2-induced neuronal cell death.