Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Evaluation of Subtypes of Breast Cancer by Immunohistochemical expression of Estrogen Receptor(ER), Progesterone Receptor(PR), Her2neu,Cytokeratin 5/6 and Ki 67

Objective:In this study, histopathological examination and subsequent IHC staining using a panel of five Immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers i.e Estrogen Receptor(ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER2neu, Cytokeratin5/6 and Ki-67 was done and on the basis of their results subtyping and molecular classification was done into Luminal A, Luminal B, Her2neu and Basal –like subtypes. Materials and methods:-Specimens of 50 patients with breast carcinoma were evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically for a panel of five IHC markers i.e. ER, PR, HER2neu, CK5/6 and Ki-67. Results:We observed that mean age of presentation was 54.86 years. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (NOS) was the most common histological subtype with majority of the tumors classified as Grade II. We observed 27(54%) cases as Luminal A, 4 (8%) Luminal B, 6 (12%) as HER2neu and 8 (16%) as Basal-like subtype. Remaining 5(10%) cases were Unclassified. Conclusion:We concluded that most common subtype was Luminal A with low proliferative activity having good prognosis as compared to Luminal B with higher proliferative index and has poor prognosis. Our study provides a basis for the use of IHC for molecular subtyping of breast cancer as an important prognostic factor as well as target for specific adjuvant chemotherapy.
Common Cognitive Control Processes Underlying Performance in Task-Switching and Dual-Task Contexts

In the present study, participants performed highly comparable task-switching and dual-task paradigms, and the paradigm-specific performance costs were analysed in the context of the commonly postulated core components of cognitive control (i.e., working memory updating, inhibition, and shifting). In the task-switching paradigm, we found switch costs (i.e., switch trials vs. repetition trials) and mixing costs (i.e., repetition trials in mixed-task blocks vs. single-task trials). In the dual-task paradigm, we observed a psychological refractory period (PRP) effect (i.e., Task 2 [T2] performance after short stimulus-onset asynchrony [SOA] vs. long SOA), dual-task costs (i.e., T2 dual-task performance with a long SOA in trials with a task repetition between Task 1 [T1] and T2 vs. single-task performance), and switch costs in T2 (i.e., dual-task performance in trials with a switch between T1 and T2 vs. dual-task performance in trials with a repetition between T1 and T2). A within-subjects comparison of the performance costs showed a correlation between mixing costs and dual-task costs, possibly indicating shared underlying cognitive control processes in terms of working memory updating. Surprisingly, there was also a correlation between switch costs and the PRP effect, presumably suggesting that cognitive control, as opposed to passive queuing of response selection processes, contributes to the PRP effect.
Balance and Gait Rehabilitation in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cardinal features resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural difficulties which are thought to arise primarily from the loss of dopamine producing neurons and subsequent dysfunction of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical pathway (Konczak et al., 2009). Patients with PD have difficulties in performing various motor tasks, such as walking, writing and speaking. Furthermore, PD leads to abnormalities in two main components of postural control: orientation (maintaining a normal postural arrangement and alignment) and stabilization (maintaining equilibrium) (Vaugoyeau & Azulay, 2010). Postural instability (PI) is a disabling disorder, which is associated with sudden falls, progressive loss of independence, immobility and high costs for healthcare systems (Grimbergen et al., 2004). It usually occurs at the later stages of the disease and, unlike gait disorders, responds poorly to medication. Marked alteration of gait is common in advanced PD, although there is evidence suggesting that initial impairment in gait can be detected even early in the course of the disease (Stolze et al., 2005; Baltadjieva et al., 2006). Gait disorders, along with turning and balance disturbances, are the most important determinants of falls, which are recognized to be a major problem among people with PD. Falls occur despite maximal treatment with levodopa, confirming that axial disability in late stage PD is largely dopa-resistant (likely due to extranigral and non-dopaminergic brain lesions). Falls often have dramatic consequences, such as traumas and fractures. The high risk of fractures was demonstrated in a large case control study (Vestergaard et al., 2007), which showed that patients with parkinsonism (not just PD) had a more than two-fold increased risk of sustaining a fallrelated fracture. It has been established that PD has a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL) of patients (Diamond & Jankovic, 2005). Interestingly, in PD, non-motor symptoms such as depression and cognitive impairment are major predictors of QoL (Martinez-Martin, 1998). Although investigators have examined the effect of specific PD symptoms such as tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia (Peto et al., 1995), medication-related complications (Chapuis et al., 2005), insomnia (Caap-Ahlgren & Dehlin, 2001), fatigue (Herlofson & Larsen, 2003) and sweating (Swinn et al., 2003), their relative contributions to the patient’s QoL have
Lymphatic Malformation : Radiologic-Pathologic-Therapeutic Correlation and Management Implications

Pathology and clinical presentation Lymphatic malformation (LM, previously known as lymphangioma) is a common vascular malformation and represents a disturbance in the development of the lymphatic ductal system. The pathology of LM is central to understanding the science and design of effective therapeutic interventional procedures. Pathologically, LM is a complex of multiple cysts lined with lymphatic vascular endothelium (Fig. 1). The supporting matrix of the LM is a combination of fibrous tissue and smooth muscle with small feeding vessels and aggregates of lymphocytes in the interweaving septations. The cystic spaces may or may not communicate and contain serous or hemorrhagic fluid. Lesions can be classified as macrocystic (>1 cm), microcystic (< 1cm), or mixed (combined microcystic and macrocystic).
Detection of physiological changes after exercise via a remote optophysiological imaging system

A study of blood perfusion mapping was performed with a remote opto-physiological imaging (OPI) system coupling a sensitive CMOS camera and a custom-built resonant cavity light emitting diode (RCLED) ringlight. The setup is suitable for the remote assessment of blood perfusion in tissue over a wide range of anatomical locations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability and stability of the OPI system when measuring a cardiovascular variable of clinical interest, in this case, heart rate. To this end, the non-contact and contact photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals obtained from the OPI system and conventional PPG sensor were recorded simultaneously from each of 12 subjects before and after 5-min of cycling exercise. The time-frequency representation (TFR) method was used to visualize the time-dependent behavior of the signal frequency. The physiological parameters derived from the images captured by the OPI system exhibit comparable functional characteristics to those taken from conventional contact PPG pulse waveform measurements in both the time and frequency domains. Finally and more importantly, a previously developed opto-physiological model was employed to provide a 3-D representation of blood perfusion in human tissue which could provide a new insight into clinical assessment and diagnosis of circulatory pathology in various tissue segments.
Social and Environmental Accounting Research: Major Contributions and Future Directions for Developing Countries

A review is provided of major contributions in social and environmental accounting literature focussing on the issues of developing countries. The review of prior research shows that the major contributions have been related to the motivations for social and environmental disclosure. However, other important research areas such as ethical/accountability issues and how to cost externalities which have already been considered within the context of developed countries are yet to emerge within the developing country context. Contemporary social and environmental issues such as climate change and greenhouse gas emissions affecting the global community also appear to be key issues of research to scholars in both developed and developing countries. Finally, some future research directions are identified.
Measuring the Rapid Growth of HSTS and HPKP Deployments

A basic man-in-the-middle attack to bypass HTTPS strips the “s” off of an “https://” URL, thereby forcing the client to effectively downgrade to an insecure connection. To address such crude attacks, the HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) protocol was recently introduced, which instructs clients to preemptively (or at time of first acquire) load a list of domains to whom to connect strictly via HTTPS. In a similar vein, the HPKP (HTTP Public Key Pinning) protocol has clients obtain a set of public keys; if in future visits to the website the certificate chain does not include any of those public keys, the client is supposed to reject the connection. Both HSTS and HPKP are relatively new additions to the web’s PKI that have seen a sudden surge in deployment in the last couple of years (we observe an order of magnitude greater deployment than a 2015 study of HSTS/HPKP). Using crawls across the entire IPv4 address space, we perform a large-scale, longitudinal analysis of the deployment and operation of HSTS and HPKP. Our analysis sheds light on the root cause of this recent increase in deployment, exposes instances of mismanagement of HSTS and HPKP deployments, and yields suggestions for improvements.
Effects of constant vs. fluctuating temperatures on performance and life history of the herbivorous pest Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Eribidae)

Effects of constant vs. fluctuating temperatures on performance and life history of the herbivorous pest Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Eribidae) By Brendan E. Sostak, Bachelor of Science A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Studies at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2015 Thesis Advisor: Salvatore J. Agosta, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Biology The role of temperature variation in organismal performance is understudied, but is critically important for understanding the response of biodiversity to climate change. To address this issue in herbivorous insects, I studied the direct and interactive effects of thermal regime (constant vs. fluctuating temperatures) and nutrition (dietary nitrogen) on gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) performance under laboratory conditions. Predictions for differences between constant and fluctuating thermal conditions were derived from Jensen’s inequality, and artificial diets of differing nutritional quality were made by modifying nitrogen (casein) content. Larvae were reared in the laboratory under four temperature regimes (22°C constant, 22°C fluctuating (±6°C), 28°C constant, and 28°C fluctuating (±6°C)) and two diet treatments (high N, and low N). Gravimetric analyses were also conducted to calculate nutritional indices and assess the shortterm effects of temperature and diet quality on fourth instar larvae growth efficiencies. Consistent with predictions from Jensen’s inequality, fluctuating thermal conditions significantly
Sexual Function Improving Effect of Chenopodium Album (Bathua sag) in Normal Male Mice.

The leaves of Chinopodium album Linn. Family Chinopodiaceae have been used in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times for the treatment of male sexual disorders. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of bathua on general mating behaviour, libido, potency along with its likely gastric ulceration and adverse effects on sexually normal male albino mice. The suspension of the extract was administered orally at the dose of 100, 250, and 500 mg / kg, to different groups of male mice (n = 6) once a day for seven days. The female albino mice involved in mating were made receptive by hormonal treatment. The general mating behaviour, libido and potency were determined and compared with the standard reference drug sildenafil citrate. The probable gastric ulceration and adverse effects of the extract were also evaluated. Oral administration of the extract significantly increased the Mounting Frequency, Intromission Frequency; Intromission Latency, Erections as well as aggregate of penile reflexes and caused significant reduction in the Mounting Latency and Post Ejaculatory Interval. The most appreciable effect of the extract was observed at the dose of 500 mg/kg. The test drug was also found to be devoid of any conspicuous gastric ulceration and adverse effects. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract of Chinopodium album Linn. Family Chinopodiaceae produced a significant and sustained increase in the sexual activity of normal male mice, without any conspicuous gastric ulceration and adverse effects. Thus, the resultant aphrodisiac effectivity of the extract lends support to the claims for its traditional usage in sexual disorders.
Crustal Deformation and Seismic History Associated with the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake: A Perspective from the Andaman-Nicobar Islands

The Indian Ocean earthquake of 26 December 2004 led to significant ground deformation in the Andaman and Nicobar region, accounting for ~800 km of the rupture. Part of this article deals with coseismic changes along these islands, observable from coastal morphology, biological indicators, and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Our studies indicate that the islands south of 10° N latitude coseismically subsided by 1–1.5 m, both on their eastern and western margins, whereas those to the north showed a mixed response. The western margin of the Middle Andaman emerged by >1 m, and the eastern margin submerged by the same amount. In the North Andaman, both western and eastern margins emerged by >1 m. We also assess the pattern of long-term deformation (uplift/subsidence) and attempt to reconstruct earthquake/tsunami history, with the available data. Geological evidence for past submergence includes dead mangrove vegetation dating to 740 ± 100 yr B.P., near Port Blair and peat layers at 2–4 m and 10–15 m depths observed in core samples from nearby locations. Preliminary paleoseismological/tsunami evidence from the Andaman and Nicobar region and from the east coast of India, suggest at least one predecessor for the 2004 earthquake 900–1000 years ago. The history of earthquakes, although incomplete at this stage, seems to imply that the 2004-type earthquakes are infrequent and follow variable intervals
Anxiety & Depression Assessment of cancer patients undergoing Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy Treatment by the use of computerized developed version of Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref, ZSAS, ZSDS)

Background: The quality of life of cancer patients during chemotherapy sessions or radiotherapy sessions encompasses several changes. However, patient had to suffer a lot during the sessions. In order to, measure their quality of life through manual way, it is advisable to implement the computerized electronic version of QLQ so that the patient could deal with the different questions independently without hesitation that might led to increase in cognitive ability during the sessions. Moreover, the healthcare professionals could direct and plan the treatment accordingly so as to improve the QOL of cancer patients. Objectives: The overarching purpose of this study had been to evaluate the acceptability of QOL assessments among healthcare professionals and cancer patients, by addressing how QOL assessments could be utilized to predict anxiety and depression scores, and by revealing how technology could contribute to the accuracy of QOL assessments and facilitate their implementation into oncology practices. The introduction of the electronic version of the QLQ could however, benefit the overall QOL of patients by bridging the gap between research and clinical practice among Indian population. Methods: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive, hospital based evaluation study. Total duration of the study was 5 months (December 2015April 2016), conducted in Medical and Radiation Oncology department of Dr. B.L. Kapur Memorial Hospital, New Delhi, India. A convenience sample of 60 patients with cancer was selected. They were further divided into Chemotherapy group (n= 30) and Radiotherapy group (n= 30). Data was obtained through direct interview, using validated Psychological intervention tool in the form of Questionnaire: WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety scale and Zung Self-Rating Depression scale, which was further managed through a statistical program, using appropriate statistical tests. Results: A total of 60 cancer patients were included in the study in which Chemotherapy group consisted of 30n cancer patients and Radiotherapy group consisted of 30n cancer patients. In the study, 6(20%) were males and 24(80%) were females in the chemotherapy group, and, 15(50%) were males and 15(50%) were females in the radiotherapy group. Majority of the patients 32(53.34%) were in the age range of 46-60 years. Conclusion: Utilizing technology to implement QOL assessments into clinical practice has several advantages that make it more feasible for physicians to use QOL information with their patients for predicting and determining anxiety and depression scores during cancer treatment. Electronic methods of assessment are more accurate and less time-consuming than paper-and pencil questionnaires (manual method).
A Novel Approach for Background Subtraction using Generalized Rayleigh Distribution

Identification of the foreground objects in dynamic scenario video images is an exigent task, when compared to static scenes. In contrast to motionless images, video sequences offer more information concerning how items and circumstances change over time. Pixel based comparisons are carried out to categorize the foreground and the background based on frame difference methodology. In order to have more precise object identification, the threshold value is made static during both the cases, to improve the recognition accuracy, adaptive threshold values are estimated for both the methods. The current article also highlights a methodology using Generalized Rayleigh Distribution (GRD). Experimentation is conducted using benchmark video images and the derived outputs are evaluated using a quantitate approach.
Security and Privacy in the Smart Grid : a Decentralized Approach

Evolution toward a smart grid includes elements such as smart meters, embedded microprocessors, twoway communication systems from consumers to system operators and implementation of dynamic pricing. Dynamic pricing throughout the smart grid will require frequent transfer of energy consumption data from the consumers to the ISOs. Privacy and security issues related to transferring the energy consumption data is widely studied. However, typical frameworks rely on a trusted third party, such as the ISO or a load aggregator, that would then have access to all of the
Self referral of women in labour at Chris

of Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital into a 'People's Hospital' which would improve the . nursing college attached to Chris Hani Baragwanath was training . Jul 30, 2013 Higher Education and Training, 1681. Labour, 401 . 2015. Medupi various sources from External. Credit Agencies. (ECA), African Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital. Germiston (1) Whether any nursing colleges were closed (a) . for Chris Hani Apr 2, 2014 In 1997, Baragwanath Hospital, one of the largest hospitals in the world, was renamed the. Chris Hani Baragwanath . actioned in 2015. Learnership programme. In 2013/14 Various municipal by-laws and regulations in the OHS Act apply to Th ESTIMATED NUMBER OF ORPHANS IN 2015: 5,500,000 based at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, as Operations 72,000 breastfeeding demonstration interactions . Facebook as well as applications linking into the popular Mxit .
Source contributions of sulfur and nitrogen deposition – an HTAP II multimodel study on hemispheric transport

Abstract. With rising emissions by human activities, enhanced concentrations of air pollutants have been detected in hemispheric air flows in recent years, aggravating the regional air pollution and deposition burden. However, contributions of hemispheric air pollution to deposition at global scale have been given little attention in the literature. In this light, we assess the impact of hemispheric transport on sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition for 6 world regions: North America, Europe, South Asia, East Asia, Middle East and Russia in 2010, by using the multi-model ensemble results from the 2 nd phase of Task Force Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP II) with and without 20 % emission perturbation experiments. About 27–58 %, 26–46 % and 12–23 % of local S, NO x and NH 3 emissions are transported and removed by deposition outside of the source regions annually, with 5 % higher fraction of export in winter and 5 % lower in summer. For receptor regions, 20 % emission reduction in source regions affects the deposition in receptor regions by 1–10 % for continental non-coastal regions and 1–15 % for coastal regions and open oceans. Significant influences are found from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean (5–15 %), from South Asia to western East Asia (2–10 %) and from East Asia to the North Pacific Ocean (5–10 %) and western North America (5–8 %). The impact on deposition caused by transport between neighbouring regions (i.e. Europe and Russia) occurs throughout the whole year (slightly stronger in winter), while that by transport over long distances (i.e. from East Asia to North America) mainly takes place in spring and fall, which is consistent with the seasonality found for hemispheric transport of air pollutants. Deposition in emission intense regions such as East Asia is dominated (~ 80 %) by own region emission, while deposition in low emission regions such as Russia is almost equally affected by own region emission (~ 40 %) and foreign impact (~ 23–45 %). We also find that deposition on the coastal regions or near coastal open ocean is twice more sensitive to hemispheric transport than non-coastal continental regions, especially for regions (i.e. west coast of North America) in the downwind location of major emission source regions. This study highlights the significant impact of hemispheric transport on deposition in coastal regions, open ocean and low emission regions. Further research is proposed for improving ecosystem and human health in these regions, with regards to the enhanced hemispheric transport.
Influence of-carbide interface structure on the formability of lightweight steels Journal Item

κ-carbide () in high aluminium (Al) steels is grown from austenite () via + or α+ ( represents ferrite), and is a lamellar structure. This work demonstrates that the formability of high Al lightweight steels is affected by the lattice misfit and interface shape between  and matrix. The cold workability can be improved by either to change the steel chemical constitution or to implement an electro-thermo-mechanical process. For ferrite-matrix-based high Al steel, electric-current promotes the spheroidization and refinement of  structure and reduces volume fraction of  phase. This retards the crack nucleation and propagation, and hence improves the materials formability. The observation is caused by a direct effect of electric-current rather than side effects.