Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic regulation of fatty acid synthetase expression in adipose tissue: overtranscription of the gene in genetically obese rats.

We have investigated the molecular mechanism of the overactivity of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) in adipose tissue from the genetically obese Zucker rat. Purified FAS from lean and obese rat adipose tissues displayed kinetics constants, molecular weight, and immunological properties that were identical. Western blot analysis revealed that FAS overactivity in obese versus lean rat adipose tissue was paralleled by a proportionate increase in FAS mass, i.e., 4-fold increase in suckling normoinsulinemic 16-day-old pups and 25-fold in weaned hyperinsulinemic 30-day-old rats. The determination of absolute FAS mass disclosed that FAS was quantitatively a major protein in obese rat adipose tissue accounting for 13% of cytosolic proteins versus 2% in lean rat at 30 days of age. FAS hyperabundance could be ascribed to an increased relative rate of FAS synthesis that was 6-fold higher in obese than in lean rat adipose tissue. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that FAS mRNA levels in obese rats were increased 4- and 14-fold over those of lean rats at 16 and 30 days of age, respectively, in very close proportion to the 3- and 15-fold increases in FAS gene transcription rates revealed by nuclear run-on assays. Southern analysis of genomic DNA did not allow for detecting amplification or any major structural changes in the FAS gene. It is concluded that FAS overactivity, shown here to be a life-long and general feature of all adipose tissue sites in the obese rat, arises primarily from FAS gene overtranscription.
Beyond Food Insecurity: How Context Can Improve Complementary Feeding Interventions

Background The role of context has not been elaborated with respect to current recommendations for complementary feeding interventions, apart from a gross distinction based on food security. Objective Our objective was to compare two food-insecure settings in sub-Saharan Africa to determine how context (i.e., the set of local social, cultural, and physical circumstances) influences complementary feeding practices and nutrient intakes and how the results can help in the design of a suitable intervention strategy. Methods We conducted formative research using 24-hour dietary recalls, household interviews, and focus group discussions with mothers of 6- to 12-month-old infants in rural Zimbabwe (n = 32) and Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania (n = 44). Results In both settings, many infants had suboptimal nutrient intakes, poor dietary diversity, and poor hygiene. Breastfeeding practices were poor in Pemba, and the infants' diet had low energy density in Zimbabwe. Beyond food insecurity, contextual determinants of practices included inaccurate indigenous knowledge, time-consuming maternal livelihoods, family eating behaviors, local agriculture, and the local ecosystem. Both settings would require nutrition education, but it should target the broader indigenous ways of learning and family eating behaviors in order to achieve the necessary behavior change. A home-based fortificant would probably be enough for Pemban children, because the ecosystem of the island provides sufficient sources of macronutrients. However, Zimbabwean children appear to need a fortified food-based supplement to overcome the poor agricultural and economic context. Conclusions Assessing context was essential to intervention design. A framework to guide future formative research is proposed.
HAIT: Heap Analyzer with Input Tracing

Heap exploits are one of the most advanced, complex and frequent types of attack. Over the years, many effective techniques have been developed to mitigate them, such as data execution prevention, address space layout randomization and canaries. However, if both knowledge and control of the memory allocation are available, heap spraying and other attacks are still feasible. This paper presents HAIT, a memory profiler that records critical operations on the heap and shows them graphically in a clear and comprehensible format. A prototype was implemented on top of Triton, a framework for dynamic binary analysis. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that HAIT can help identifying the essential information needed to carry out heap exploits, providing valuable knowledge for an effective attack.
Testing the Properties of a Proposed Random Indexing-based Discourse Transcript Analysis Approach

Random Indexing (RI) is an efficient, scalable, and incremental alternative to standard word space methods which require huge training data to implement. According to the literature, the incremental nature of RI enables it to be used for similarity computations even after just a few examples have been encountered. We deem that this property is also what makes RI robust for small data sets. In this article, we present our efforts in further testing the utility RI. Built upon our previous research in analyzing forum transcript, we conducted experiments that aim to further investigate whether RI can be used to perform topic relevance rating of small fragments of texts as well as Tagalog-based discourse contributions. We measure our results in terms of agreement with hand-coded corpora with the help of the Kappa statistic. Although initial and not conclusive, we report promising results for the intuitively appealing utility of RI most especially, in addressing the problem of monitoring and assessing contributions in educational online discussion forums.
Exploring behavioral transfer from knowledge seeking to knowledge contributing: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation

Knowledge contributing has long been identified as a bottleneck in knowledge management since individuals tend to believe that their contributing would not be worth the effort, given high levels of expectation to receive some value in return. Self‐perception theory posits that individuals come to “know” their own internal beliefs by inferring them partially from observations of their own overt behavior. Building on self‐perception theory and adhering to the principle that the relationship between behavior and beliefs is one of mutual influence, we develop a research model to explore the behavioral transfer from knowledge seeking to knowledge contributing and consider the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation. Data collected from 430 users of Web 2.0 applications were used to test the model. The mediating role of intrinsic motivation between knowledge seeking and knowledge contributing is confirmed. These findings and their implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Cerebrovascular Mortality 10 Years After Stroke: A Population-Based Study

Objectives— Cerebrovascular mortality has declined in the general population of Sweden. The objective of the present study was to investigate causes of death among stroke patients in a long-term perspective. Research Design and Methods— A population-based study was conducted of first-ever strokes in the municipality of Söderhamn, Sweden. Standardized mortality ratios were calculated for comparison with the general population. Three time periods (1975 to 1978, 1983 to 1986, and 1987 to 1990) were analyzed. All 1186 patients were followed up for at least 10 years. Results— Cerebrovascular mortality was greatly increased (more than 10-fold) in comparison with the general population during all study periods. The mortality from ischemic heart disease and some other diseases was moderately raised (3- to 8-fold), whereas the mortality from malignant disorders was normal. Conclusion— Cerebrovascular disease was the predominant cause of death among Swedish stroke patients in the 1970s and the 1980s.
A model of a decision support system based on case‐based reasoning for third‐party logistics evaluation

The social demands for third‐party logistics (3PL) are further developing the model of supply chain management. The analysis of an effective approach for 3PL service supplier evaluation is given in terms of its direct relation to the operational efficiency and benefit of the service‐demanding enterprise as well as its supply chain management. An analysis of the traditional academic theoretical results and practical methods for 3PL supplier selection indicates the deficiencies of this approach. In this paper, a case‐based reasoning model framework is postulated for a 3PL evaluation and selection system. This work further expands upon the theoretical basis of this system and its reasoning process by discussing the advantages and practical value of this framework.
Comparación de los modelos de propagación electromagnética implementados en la telefonía móvil

En el presente estudio se comparan los modelos implementados con mayor frecuencia en la prediccion de la perdida por propagacion de la telefonia movil, para la banda de 900MHz en ambientes rurales y macro-celulas. La metodologia aplicada es de campo permitiendo desarrollar contrastes con data de la zona occidental de Venezuela. Los resultados evidencian que el modelo que mejor estima su prediccion es el de Espacio Libre, seguido por el Okumura-Hata. La curva de regresion obtenida de la data permite estimar, a traves de la ley de LambertBeer, la constante de absorcion del medio de propagacion y proponer calibraciones para los modelos analizados. Finalmente se recomienda ampliar la campana de medicion para validar los hallazgos.
Diversité Genre dans le Conseil d’Administration et Performance des Entreprises Tunisiennes Cotées

Dans le cadre de ce travail de recherche, nous essayerons de tester l’impact de la presence des femmes et des valeurs feminines au niveau du Conseil d’Administration sur la performance des entreprises tunisiennes. Pour ce faire, nous avons mene notre etude aupres de 34 entreprises tunisiennes cotees. La litterature existante en la matiere supporte l’idee de l’effet simultane entre la diversite du Conseil et la performance des entreprises. L’analyse menee dans le contexte tunisien indique que l’amelioration de la performance des entreprises tunisiennes peut etre attribuee a la diversite de leurs Conseils d’Administration. Nous avons pu detecter un effet positif dela diversite en termes de sexe mais par contre, un effet negatif en termes de valeurs feminines. En outre, nous avons pu detecter que la presence des femmes au niveau des Conseils d’Administration des entreprises est tributaire de certains facteurs tels que la performance passee de l’entreprise, la taille du Conseil ainsi que le pourcentage des administrateurs externes siegeant au niveau du Conseil.
Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A.

University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109 arul@umich.edu Drs. Wang and Chinnaiyan report being listed as inventors on a patent on the findings of this study filed by the University of Michigan. Koziol JA, Zhang JY, Casiano CA, et al. Recursive partitioning as an approach to selection of immune markers for tumor diagnosis. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9:5120-6. McIntosh MW, Pepe MS. Combining several screening tests: optimality of the risk score. Biometrics 2002;58:657-64. Thompson IM, Pauler DK, Goodman PJ, et al. Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate-specific antigen level ≤4.0 ng per milliliter. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2239-46. [Erratum, N Engl J Med 2004;351:1470. ] Brass N, Heckel D, Sahin U, Pfreundschuh M, Sybrecht GW, Meese E. Translation initiation factor eIF-4gamma is encoded by an amplified gene and induces an immune response in squamous cell lung carcinoma. Hum Mol Genet 1997;6:33-9. 1.
Effect of Heat Wave Conditions on Aerosol Optical Properties Derived from Satellite and Ground-Based Remote Sensing over Poland

During an exceptionally warm September in 2016, unique and stable weather conditions contributed to a heat wave over Poland, allowing for observations of aerosol optical properties, using a variety of ground-based and satellite remote sensors. The data set collected during 11–16 September 2016 was analysed in terms of aerosol transport (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT)), aerosol load model simulations (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS), Global Environmental Multiscale-Air Quality (GEM-AQ), columnar aerosol load measured at ground level (Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET), Polish Aerosol Research Network (PolandAOD)) and from satellites (Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)), as well as with 24/7 PollyXT Raman Lidar observations at the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) site in Warsaw. Analyses revealed a single day of a relatively clean background aerosol related to an Arctic air-mass inflow, surrounded by a few days with a well increased aerosol load of differing origin: pollution transported from Germany and biomass burning from Ukraine. Such conditions proved excellent to test developed-in-house algorithms designed for near real-time aerosol optical depth (AOD) derivation from the SEVIRI sensor. The SEVIRI AOD maps derived over the territory of Poland, with an exceptionally high resolution (every 15 min; 5.5 × 5.5 km2), revealed on an hourly scale, very low aerosol variability due to heat wave conditions. Comparisons of SEVIRI with NAAPS and CAMS AOD maps show strong qualitative similarities; however, NAAPS underestimates AOD and CAMS tends to underestimate it on relatively clean days ( 0.4). A slight underestimation of the SEVIRI AOD is reported for pixel-to-column comparisons with AODs of several radiometers (AERONET, PolandAOD) and Lidar (EARLINET) with high correlation coefficients (r2 of 0.8–0.91) and low root-mean-square error (RMSE of 0.03–0.05). A heat wave driven increase of the boundary layer height of 10% is accompanied with the AOD increase of 8–12% for an urban site dominated by anthropogenic pollution. Contrary trend, with an AOD decrease of around 4% for a rural site dominated by a long-range transported biomass burning aerosol is reported. There is a positive feedback of heat wave conditions on local and transported pollution and an extenuating effect on transported biomass burning aerosol. The daytime mean SEVIRI PM2.5 converted from the SEVIRI AODs at a pixel representative for Warsaw is in agreement with the daily mean PM2.5 surface measurements, whereby SEVIRI PM2.5 and Lidar-derived Angstrom exponent are anti-correlated.
Sobre la macrocefalia urbana en América Latina

Esboza en terminos generales otra forma de pensar el problema de la urbanizacion latinoamericana. Se basa fundamentalmente en la consideracion de un conjunto adicional de determinaciones, ademas de las relaciones de dependencia de las formaciones sociales latinoamericanas, y de su caracter general de estar regidas por el modo de produccion capitalista: se trata de tener en cuenta todas las modificaciones y peculiaridades que introducen en las pautas de organizacion especial, las transformaciones sociales y productivas internas concomitantes con la fase del capitalismo, del capitalismo monopolista avanzado.macrocefalia urbana" uno de los rangos que parece estar presente en todos los sistemas urbanos latinoamericanos y que es senalado como una de sus caracteristicas comunes importantes: se realizara un examen de la manera como esto es percibido en la teoria de la urbanizacion dependiente, en la critica de Singer.La macrocefalia urbana es definida por los teoricos de la urbanizacion dependiente como uno de los rangos caracteristicos de la red urbana en los paises latinoamericanos, que consiste en la exagerada concentracion productiva y demografica en un solo centro urbano. "
Biocompatible collagen scaffolds from a human amniotic membrane: physicochemical and in vitro culture characteristics

A reconstituted collagen membrane from human amnion has been investigated as a source of collagen matrix, which could be used as a substratum for culturing human fibroblasts. The suitability of pepsin-solubilized reconstituted human amniotic membrane, before and after cross-linking with chitosan, as a dermal matrix for culturing fibroblast was assessed by morphologic, physicochemical, cytotoxic and histochemical methods. Measurement of thermodynamic behaviour, by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile strength suggested that the cross-linked membrane had sufficient elasticity to serve as an efficient dermal substrate for in vitro culture of fibroblasts. Fibroblasts cultured on the chitosan cross-linked collagen membrane had good adherence, retaining their morphology as indicated by microscopic analysis. Proliferation of fibroblasts, observed on this membrane affirms its non-toxic nature. These results support the application of reconstituted human amniotic collagen membrane as collagenous scaffolds to culture fibroblasts in vitro.
Phase II study of belotecan (CKD 602) as a single agent in patients with recurrent or progressive carcinoma of uterine cervix.

OBJECTIVE The Phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of belotecan (CKD 602), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, in persistent or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix. METHODS Belotecan was administrated at 0.5 mg/m(2)/day for 5 consecutive days every 3-week cycle in patients with recurrent or progressive cervical carcinoma who were unsuitable candidates for curative treatment with surgery or radiotherapy. RESULTS At the first stage of trial, a total of 16 patients were entered in the study. A median of three cycles were administrated per patient with a range of one to seven cycles. Fourteen of 16 patients (87.5%) had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy prior to the study. The most frequently severe adverse events were anemia and neutropenia. More than Grade 3 anemia and neutropenia were seen in 10 cycles (23.8%) and 6 cycles (14.3%) of 42 cycles, respectively. The incidence of non-hematologic toxicity was minimal. One patient died of treatment-related toxicities. There was no complete or partial response to belotecan. The median overall survival was 12.38 months (95% confidence interval, 9.71-15.04). CONCLUSIONS Belotecan was not active in the treatment of recurrent or progressive cervical cancer as a single agent. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00430144.
5‐HT2 receptor‐controlled modulation of medullary respiratory neurones in the cat.

1. The effects of the 5‐HT2 receptor agonist alpha‐methyl‐5‐HT were studied on the membrane of expiratory (E2) and post‐inspiratory (PI) neurones, by intracellular recordings in the caudal medulla of anaesthetized cats. 2. Ionophoresis of alpha‐Me‐5‐HT depolarized membrane potential and increased action potential frequency in a majority of neurones tested. Depolarization of neurones by alpha‐Me‐5‐HT was accompanied by increased input resistance throughout all phases of the respiratory cycle. These effects were antagonized by ionophoresis of cinanserin, a receptor‐blocking agent with high affinity for 5‐HT2 receptors. 3. E2 neurones were voltage clamped to measure membrane current changes induced by alpha‐Me‐5‐HT ionophoresis. alpha‐Me‐5‐HT induced a net inward current by reducing inspiratory‐phase outward currents and increasing expiratory‐phase inward currents. These changes were equivalent with steady membrane depolarization, decreased inspiratory phase membrane hyperpolarization and increased expiratory drive potential recorded from the same neurones in current clamp. 4. The effects of alpha‐Me‐5‐HT are consistent with activation of 5‐HT2 receptors on E2 and PI neurones leading to blockade of synaptically activated and persistent conductances to potassium ions.
Challenges and opportunities in environmental biosafety research.

Since the first commercial release of genetically modified (GM, also referred to as genetically engineered, GE) crops in the middle of 1990s, the research and development of transgenic biotechnology has made dramatic progress. To date, global cultivation area of GM crops has exceeded 120 million hectares (James, 2009) with extensive cultivation of herbicide-tolerant soybean and canola, insect-resistant cotton and maize, as well as other GM products, which has offered great opportunities for agriculture development. However the extensive commercial releases of GM plants have caused concerns and debates over their biosafety, both for consumers and the environment. The heat of debates over environmental biosafety issues has been fuelled by certain new developments, most recently proposal to farm GM salmon and the issuance of biosafety certificates for two insect-resistant GM rice lines in China. Therefore, biosafety issues related to the commercialization of GMOs are as important today as when the technology was first launched.
The measurement of opiate dependence.

Summary The application of a dimensional concept of dependence which has received much attention over recent years in relation to alcohol, is explored here in relation to opiate dependence. A Severity of Opiate Dependence Questionnaire (SODQ) was completed by 98 subjects attending a New York drug treatment clinic. The factor structure of this questionnaire was explored and a strong first factor (39% of variance) identified which loaded on items conceptually related to a dimensional opiate dependence syndrome. Some preliminary investigation was made of issues relating to validity: SODQ correlated significantly with ‘number affixes a day’ and with a subjective measure of dependence (OSDQ), but not with quantity of heroin used or milestones in drug career. Research leads are discussed.
AC-DC-AC six-phase machine drive system based on single-phase bridge converters

This paper presents an ac-dc-ac reversible six-phase machine drive system. It is composed of single-phase bridge converters connected in series in the grid side and single-phase bridge converters connected at the machine phase terminals. The proposed topology eliminates the input isolation transformers and reduces the power processed by converter switches and the harmonic distortion in the grid side. The model and the control strategy have been developed. Simulation and experimental results are presented.
T1ρ‐relaxation in articular cartilage: Effects of enzymatic degradation

Spin‐lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T1ρ) dispersion spectroscopy and imaging were used to study normal and enzymatically degraded bovine articular cartilage. Normal specimens demonstrate significant T1ρ “dispersion” (∼60 to ∼130 ms) in the 100 Hz to 9 kHz frequency range. Proteoglycan‐degraded specimens have 33% greater T1ρ values than collagen‐degraded or normal samples. T1ρ‐weighted images reveal structure not found in conventional T1‐or T2‐weighted images. Our results suggest that T1ρ measurements are selectively sensitive to proteoglycan content. The potential of this method in distinguishing the early degenerative changes in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis is discussed.