Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specific Learning Disorder in School: Clinical View of Parental Support on Student Reading Disabilities

It is known that the specific learning disorder is linked to risk of school failure and emotional disturbance. The aim of this study is to grasp the clinical view of specific learning disorder and the incidence of parental support on the reading disabilities of students. Using the qualitative study approach, four school children (age included between 10 to 12) were selected in Government Bilingual Primary School (GBPS) at Kumba I council (Cameroon) base on eligibility criteria. The students have participated in this study with their parents. The semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data which were analyzed through the thematic content analysis. The result shows that the lack of parental support impacts on student’s level of reading disabilities. This situation negatively affects the cognitive development of a student because, the construction of knowledge inevitably involves reading and writing. The significant link between parent-child’s quality relationship and student’s reading disability shows that peculiar importance should be given to family factors in such a context. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of parental support of students and show how it can reduces difficulties in their academic performance. It can also reduce their psychological difficulties as anxiety, low self-esteem and other behavioral difficulties. There is a need of parental training session with collaboration of school community in such a context, to help parents identify the learning difficulties of their children and to be more psychologically supportive with their children.
X-ray Diffraction Study of the Structural Change from 2H to 4H in CdI2 Crystals

The structural changes, 2H → faulted 2H → faulted 4H → 4H, in CdI2 crystals, which are caused by successive heat treatments, were studied by X-ray diffraction. The faulted 2H and faulted 4H structures, which give diffraction patterns composed of sharp spots and diffuse streaks, were solved on the assumption that sharp spots arise from the `average structure' and diffuse streaks from a stacking disorder of layers. It was revealed that (1) each of the faulted 2H and faulted 4H structures is maintained unchanged over a certain range of heating temperature and (2) when two kinds of layer, V and V′, are stacked in the faulted structures, a small number of V′ layers are always followed by a large number of V layers.
Dynamic analysis of adsorption equilibrium and rate parameters of reactants and products in MTBE, ETBE and TAME production

Adsorption equilibrium constants of ethanol, methanol, isobutylene, isoamylenes (2M2B, 2M1B), MTBE and TAME on Amberlyst 15 catalyst were evaluated from the packed bed moment technique. Adsorption equilibrium constants of alcohols were found to be two orders of magnitude greater than the adsorption equilibrium constants of i-olefins and the corresponding tertiary ethers. However, their apparent heat of adsorption values are quite low (-6,7 kJ/mol and −8.3 kJ/mol for methanol and ethanol, respectively). Among the i-olefins, isobutylene gave the highest adsorption equilibrium constant and the heat of adsorption (-54.2 kJ/mol The adsorption equilibrium constant of 2M2B on a catalyst, which was pretreated with ethanol, was about three times greater than the corresponding value obtained on fresh catalyst. Second moment analysis indicated that diffusion resistance in both macropores and microspheres of the catalyst are equally significant.
Atmung und Infektprophylaxe bei Kälte

In der kalten Jahreszeit lauern viele Gefahren. Auch gut trainierte Sportler haben dann ein erhöhtes Risiko für Atemwegsinfekte. Autorin Brigitte Schmailzl erklärt, warum dies so ist und welche Maßnahmen helfen, Erkrankungen zu vermeiden und auch zu behandeln.
Effect of Tamoxifen Drug on Testes of Albino Male Rats

This study was conducted to evaluate the negative effects of Tamoxifen (TAM) on Testis tissues andspermatogenesis. Use for this purpose forty male of mature albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups, 3groups were administrated different doses (30, 40, 50) mg/kg b.w of TAM for 10 weeks as well as controlgroup administrated with physiological solution (normal saline 0.9%). Histopathological examination oftestes tissues in TAM groups showed histological changes that increased with the increased dose comparedto control group include degeneration change were appeared as atrophy, deformity and destruction of theseminiferous tubules, congestion of blood vessels in the interstitial tissue and many seminiferous tubules,Also the results showed a significant different in the numbers of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytescells and spermatiods. As noted in the results, the higher the dose, the lower the sperm production, andconsequently the tissue injury increases.
Millimeter-wave GaN HFET technology

This paper describes device process and characteristics of sub-100-nm-gate AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) for millimeter-wave applications. We developed three techniques to suppress short-channel effects and thereby enhance high-frequency device characteristics: high-AL-composition and thing AlGaN barrier layers, SiN passivation by catalytic chemical vapor deposition, and sub-100-nm Ti-based gates. The Al0.4Ga0. 6N(6 nm)/GaN HFETs with a gate length of 60 nm on a 4H-SiC substrate showed a maximum drain current density of 1.6 A/mm and a maximum transconductance of 424 mS/mm. THe use of the techniques led to record current-gain cutoff frequency (fT) and maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) of 190 and 241 GH, respectively. The fT and fmaxkept high values over the wide range of drain voltage and current. These results indicate significantly high potential of GaN HFETs for high-power applications in the millimeter-wave frequency range.
IS PRIMARY CHEMORADIATION A BETTER TREATMENT? A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF EARLY STAGE NODE-POSITIVE CERVICAL CANCER.

Background. Cervical cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death for women in developing countries. Radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection is usually preferred for patients of stage IB1-IIA2. Currently, image examinations have certain limitations in diagnose of lymph node metastasis and their detection accuracies are not satisfactory. Only the pathological examination after removal of the suspected metastatic lymph nodes during surgery can conclusively identify the presence of metastasis. If there is a positive result of lymphatic metastasis, there is no clear guideline whether to complete a radical surgery, or to only conduct a systematic lymphadenectomy, followed with adjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the two treatment modalities. Methods. 49 stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer patients with lymphatic metastasis confirmed by systemic pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection from 2007 to 2018 were reviewed. The patients were treated with either primary chemoradiation or radical hysterectomy followed by adjuvant chemoradiation after lymphadenectomy. Survival states and adverse events of the two treatments were compared. Results. Median follow-up time was 45 (range 11-119 months) months. In non-radical surgery group, 1 patient (1/15, 6.7%) relapsed and died, while in radical surgery group, 7 patients (7/27, 25.9%) relapsed and 5 (5/27, 18.5%) died. Significant difference was found in the mean progression-free survival between the two groups, which was 69(95%CI 49.118-88.882) months in non-radical surgery group and 44(95%CI 35.857-52.143) months in radical surgery group (p＜0.01). There was significant difference in three-year progression-free survival(86%vs.71%, p＜0.01). Grade 3-4 toxicity was comparable between the two groups (26.7% vs. 25.9%, p=0.958). Conclusion. For stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer patients with positive lymph node, primary chemoradiation after pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy seems to have better survival outcomes compared with radical hysterectomy by laparoscopy plus chemoradiation in the retrospective study with limited cases. Evidence from a randomized controlled study is in need to confirm the optimal treatment for early stage node-positive cervical cancer.
En búsqueda de una solución óptima al balanceo de mallas curriculares con metaheurísticas y programación funcional

The main objective of this study is to present and exemplify a computational solution to minimize the cost of designing curriculum plans by using bio-inspired algorithms to automate and reduce errors. The study focuses on solving the balanced academic curriculum problem (BACP) through metaheuristic optimization, based on the behavior or algorithm of fireflies and based on the use of functional programming in the Haskell language. The firefly algorithm is applied to a set of test instances to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results show that by applying the proposed solution function to optimize load balance in curricular meshes of eight, 10, and 12 semesters, the performance is oscillating when considering 50 runs. But, it permits obtaining expected values for the minimum academic load in each case. It is concluded that the proposal presented here allows generating efficient solutions for designing balanced curricular meshes.
Water Reaction Mechanism in Metal Organic Frameworks with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Ions: MOF-74

Water dissociation represents one of the most important reactions in catalysis, essential to the surface and nano sciences [e.g., Hass et al., Science, 1998, 282, 265-268; Brown et al., Science 2001, 294, 67-69; Bikondoa et al., Nature 2005, 5, 189-192]. However, the dissociation mechanism on most oxide surfaces is not well understood due to the experimental challenges of preparing surface structures and characterizing reaction pathways. To remedy this problem, we propose the metal organic framework MOF-74 as an ideal model system to study water reactions. Its crystalline structure is well characterized; the metal oxide node mimics surfaces with exposed cations; and it degrades in water. Combining in situ IR spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we explored the MOF-74/water interaction as a function of vapor pressure and temperature. Here, we show that, while adsorption is reversible below the water condensation pressure (~19.7 Torr) at room temperature, a reaction takes place at ~150 centigrades even at low water vapor pressures. This important finding is unambiguously demonstrated by a clear spectroscopic signature for the direct reaction using D2O, which is not present using H2O due to strong phonon coupling. Specifically, a sharp absorption band appears at 970 cm-1 when D2O is introduced at above 150 centigrades, which we attribute to an O-D bending vibration on the phenolate linker. Although H2O undergoes a similar dissociation reaction, the corresponding O-H mode is too strongly coupled to MOF vibrations to detect. In contrast, the O-D mode falls in the phonon gap of the MOF and remains localized.
Intelligent Object Shape and Position Identification for Needs of Dynamic Luminance Shaping in Object Floodlighting and Projection Mapping

Innovative lighting and dynamic sound systems as well as adaptive object mapping solutions constitute a rapidly developing branch of lighting technology and multimedia technology. In order to make it possible to adjust the content to specific objects in the scene, it is necessary to correctly identify them and place them in the accepted frame of reference. Dynamic identification and tracking of objects can be carried out based on two particular types of input data: data from markers installed on objects and data from digital recording systems, founding the operation on infrared (IR), visible light (RGB) and the most advanced RGB-D (RGB and depth) analysis. Most systems used today are those that use various types of markers. This paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of such solutions as well as a target system for dynamic identification and mapping of objects and the human body based on the analysis of data from digital RGB-D cameras. Analyses of identification times, implementation of perspective transformations and 3D-to-2D transformations have been carried out in relation to a planar and cuboidal moving surface. Time analyses have been performed in relation to the resolution of registered and processed images.
Exact Interpolation of Apodized, Magnitude-Mode Fourier Transform Spectra

A procedure is developed for the exact interpolation of apodized, magnitude-mode Fourier transform (FT) spectra. The procedure gives the true center frequency, i.e., the location of the continuous peak, from just the largest three discrete intensities in the discrete magnitude spectrum. The procedure is applicable for the peaks in the apodized magnitude spectrum of a time signal of the form f(t) = cos(ωt) exp(–t/τ). There are no restrictions on the value of the damping ratio T/τ. The procedure is demonstrated for the sine-bell and Hanning windows and is generalizable to other windows which consist of a sum of constants and sine/cosine terms. This includes the majority of commonly used windows.
Modelling the Influence of Social Media on Collective Opinion

When we divide our present society into real and cyber worlds, there exist no clear data on how the public attitude or opinion is formed and on what sort of opinion distribution is realized in the cyber world. We propose a methodology for the model calculation with which we can compare the observation of the public opinion formed under the environment of social media in the cyber world. The public viewpoint or the opinion about a certain matter, together with the standpoint of the information provided by the social media, can not be given by some discrete values, but they make fuzzy distributions within certain ranges of opinion around certain central values. With the assumption that the variation of the public opinion originates from the emotional contagion induced by the contact of the public with the social media, and that the force realized by this contagion is given in terms of the common area of such fuzzy distributions of the public opinion and the information on the social media, we derived an equation of motion for the variation of public opinion. By further assuming that the information diffuses from a top toward a bottom of a ramified tree structure of node networks, we exemplified some characteristic patterns of the distribution of collective opinion including the effect of echo-chamber, which are realized under certain input spectra of the information on the social media. Moreover, by using the observed data for the 2016 USA President election as an input, we made clear that the reversal of the approval rating might possibly occur between the political right and left wings in so far as the response character of supporters to the social media differ depending on the political situation of the public.
Laccase: A Review of Its Past and Its Future in Bioremediation

Laccases are multicopper proteins that use molecular oxygen to oxidize a broad spectrum of organic compounds by a radical-catalyzed reaction mechanism. Many articles over the past 15 years have touted the diverse potential applications of laccase in various biotechnological processes. This review covers the natural roles of the enzyme, its structural properties, substrates, reaction mechanism, and inhibitors, as well as its applications regarding the detoxification and bioremediation of polluted wastewaters and soils. Other applications are briefly covered as well. The authors critically assess the advantages, shortcomings, and future needs relating to laccase availability, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency, and also provide numerous references to the many divisions of research into this multifaceted enzyme.
Cobalt–Chromium Dental Alloys: Metal Exposures, Toxicological Risks, CMR Classification, and EU Regulatory Framework

During the 20th century, metal alloys have assumed an important role as restorative materials. Among existing examples, cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloys increasingly began to be used in medicine and especially in dentistry. Their success is mainly due to their mechanical properties such as stiffness, strength and corrosion resistance, thus allowing a high biocompatibility. There are quite meaningful data on the corrosion and toxicity of Co–Cr alloys for their use in restorative materials such as dental prostheses. Toxicological studies following Co and Cr exposures in the oral cavity are more difficult to conduct because there are many different situations leading to the release of metal ions and wear particles. Furthermore, the links between exposure and the appearance of local or systemic toxicity are not automatic. Since 2017, the European Union (EU) regulatory framework for Co–Cr alloys has been undergoing profound changes. A new EU Medical Devices Regulation (MDR) (2017/745) will be applied in May 2021 with the need to consider that Co metal is a new carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic to reproduction (CMR) substance. On 18 February 2020, the 14th Adaptation to Technical Progress (ATP14) to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) regulation was published, including the harmonised classification for Co metal as a CMR 1B substance. In this context, the use of Co might be forbidden if the medical devices are invasive and as soon as they include more than 0.1% (m/m) Co. This review provides a specific overview on Co–Cr dental alloys in terms of metal ions and wear particles release, toxicological risks, and the actual and new EU regulatory framework.
A Possible Associated Risk Factor - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorsalong with Systemic Administration of Alpha-1 Antagonists for IFIS Syndromein Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of intraoperative floppy iris syndrome in relation to the usage of systemic administration of Alpha-1 antagonists for benign prostatic hyperplasia and conversion enzyme inhibitors for systemic hypertension and the influence on the course of cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: Sixty nine eyes of 69 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BHP) were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups: 40 patients in group 1 who were treated only with tamsulosin, and 29 patients in group 2 who were treated with tamsulosin and angiotensin-conversion enzyme inhibitors. Both groups presented age related cataract and underwent phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Results and Conclusion: The mean age was 76.19 ± 5.28 (range 67 90) and all the patients were males. The mean axial length (mm) of the globe was 23.65 ± 1.17 (range 20.31 26.86). From the total of 69 patients, 20 (28.99%) were known with high blood pressure, 10 (14.49%) had diabetes mellitus, 2 (2.90%) were known with glaucoma and 4 (5.80%) had age related macular degeneration. All patients had benign prostate hyperplasia and were under treatment with tamsulosin and 29 (42.03%) with tamsulosin and angiotensin-conversion enzyme inhibitors. In addition, 13 (18.84%) were under treatment with anticoagulants and 6 (8.70%) with betablockers. Preoperative pupil size was 2.65 ± 0.70 in group 1 and 2.86 ± 0.69 in group 2. Preoperative pupil size after dilatation was < 5 mm in 20 eyes (50%), between 5 7 mm in 11 eyes (27.5%) and > 7 mm in 9 eyes (22,5%) in group 1 and < 5 mm in 19 eyes (65.52%), between 5 7 mm in 9 eyes (31.03%) and > 7 mm in 1 eye (3.45%) in group 2. Intraoperative progressive miosis appeared in 8 eyes (20%) after hydrodissection, in 22 eyes (55%) during phacofragmentation and in 20 eyes (50%) during emulsification in group 1 and in 13 eyes (44.83%) after hydrodissection, in 10 eyes (34.48%) during phacofragmentation and in 6 eyes (20.69%) during emulsification in group 2. Iris prolapse through incisions after hydrodissection or first steps of phacoemulsification was present in 21 eyes (52.5%) in group 1 and in 12 eyes (41.38%) in group 2. Iris prolapse through main corneal incision appeared in 25 eyes (62.5%) in group 1 and in 17 (58.62%) eyes in group 2. Floppy iris was present in all the patients in both groups. Iris flexible retractors were used in 12 cases (30%) in group 1 and in 11 (37.93) eyes in group 2. The mean surgical time was significantly shorter in patients who did not require iris flexible retractors compared with those who did (p < 0.0001).
Hole Doping to Enhance the Photocatalytic Activity of Bi4NbO8Cl

An increase of carrier concentration is one of the most important routes for enhancing the catalytic performance of semiconductor photocatalysts. In this study, the Sillén–Aurivillius oxychloride Bi4NbO8Cl with hole doping was successfully prepared by a solid-state reaction method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) were used to characterize and analyze the prepared samples. The experimental results and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that hole doping can be formed in Bi4NbO8Cl by inserting zinc into the niobium site, and the photocatalytic activity can be improved by introducing additional holes into Bi4NbO8Cl. The photogenerated hole (h+) is considered to be the main active species to degrade trypan blue (TB) through trapping experiments. The optimal photocatalyst of Bi4Nb0.8Zn0. 2O8Cl exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity in degradation of trypan blue under visible light irritation. Moreover, a possible photocatalytic degradation mechanism is discussed according the experimental and analytical results.
Contribution of Chemical Composition of Vitreous on Developmentof Hypertensive Pain Syndrome in Terminal Glaucoma

Purpose: To identify a possible link between hypertensive pain syndrome in the eyes with terminal glaucoma of different origin and the difference of urea concentrations between the vitreous and blood serum. Methods: The research included study of vitreous samples that were taken from 31 patients (31 eyes) with IOP over 35 mm Hg during the surgical treatment for terminal glaucoma of different origin. The principle of surgery was drainage of the vitreous chamber for pain relief. Vitreous and venous blood samples were obtained in order to measure urea concentrations (SPOTCHEM-EZ SP 4430 biochemistry analyzer). The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the features of pain. The first group included 8 eyes with severe pain just before the surgery; the second 14 eyes with a history of pain but no pain prior to surgery; the third 9 eyes with no history of pain. Results: In 25 cases (81%) the urea concentration in the vitreous was higher than in blood serum and in 4 cases (13%) the concentrations were almost equal. In only 2 cases (6%) it was lower than in the blood serum. The high urea concentration in vitreous accompanies steady increase of IOP. Pain was registered when the difference between urea concentrations exceeded the critical level of 6.1 mmol/L. Conclusion: If the concentration of the osmotically active urea in the vitreous exceeds that of blood serum, it may be the reason for IOP steady increase in some cases of refractory glaucomas. If the difference of concentrations is over the critical threshold, it can be the reason of pain.