Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NO EVIDENCE FOR IRIS

|indzen et al. (2001, hereafter LCH) present observational analysis suggesting that the area coverage of anvil clouds associated with tropical convection is less extensive when sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are higher. This conclusion is based on a negative correlation between the fractional area coverage by high clouds and the average SST under the clouds. LCH observe this correlation in about 20 months of Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) radiance data for the oceanic regions in the domain between 30°S–30°N and 130°E–170°W. LCH then used this correlation to hypothesize that increased SST leads to reduced area of anvil cloud associated with convective cores in the Tropics. They then concluded that reduced anvil cloud would give rise to a negative feedback through reduced upper-tropospheric water vapor and diminished greenhouse effect. We have obtained the cloud data from LCH and have investigated the geographical patterns of cloud fraction variation that are associated with variations in the cloud-weighted SST. These patterns show that the changes in cloud-weighted SST for clouds with emission temperatures less than 260 K are dominated by cloud variations in subtropical latitudes. These variations are geographically separated from the variations in the deepest convective clouds (those with emission temperatures less than 220 K), which occur only near the equator where surface temperatures are highest. LCH assume that the coldest clouds are representative of the convective cores that feed anvil clouds. In this article we show that the deep convective cores are separated by more than 1000 km from the clouds that are associated with most of the variation in cloud-weighted SST. The explanation for the correspondence between cloud-weighted SST and cloud area is thus a shift in the latitude or longitude of the cloudiness and not a change in the relation between deep convective and associated tropical anvil cloud amounts. These latitude and longitude shifts are associated with meteorological forcing and not with SST forcing. Much of the meteorological forcing seems to originate in the extratropics and is probably unrelated to tropical SSTs. If the SSTs and the nearequatorial clouds remain fixed and constant, any variation in subtropical cloud fraction will produce the negative correlation on which LCH base their negative feedback hypothesis.
Guía para la Reingeniería de Sistemas Legados: Una Experiencia Práctica y Real

Este trabajo presenta una experiencia real de reingenieria de sistemas legados. La misma tuvo lugar en la Administracion General de Vialidad Provincial (Santa Cruz) y demando aproximadamente un ano de trabajo. El proyecto de reingenieria tuvo dos objetivos muy concretos: a) desarrollar un marco de trabajo de reingenieria que se adecuara a los sistemas legados de la organizacion con la finalidad de poder ser replicado a otros sistemas legados de la organizacion. Este objetivo dio por resultado la elaboracion de una guia para su posterior reutilizacion a estos contextos. b) su aplicacion a uno de los sistemas legados de la organizacion. En esta primera instancia se aplico al sistema de Patrimonio.
REFINING ENUMERATION SCHEMES TO COUNT ACCORDING TO INVERSION NUMBER

Enumeration schemes were developed by Zeilberger, Vatter, and Pudwell as automatable methods to enumerate the set of permutations of length n which avoid a set of patterns B, Sn(B). In this paper we show how their schemes may be refined to enumerate Sn(B) according to the inversion number of each permutation.
Flindall and Gonzalez -effect of Intent on Hand-to-mouth Actions

1 Title: 1 Eating interrupted: The effect of intent on hand-to-mouth actions 2 3 Authors: 4 Jason W Flindall 5 Claudia LR Gonzalez 6 7 Affiliation: 8 1: The Brain in Action Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Lethbridge 9 10 Running Head: 11 Effect of intent on hand-to-mouth actions 12 13 Address for Correspondence: 14 Jason Flindall (jason.flindall@uleth.ca) 15 Department of Kinesiology, University of Lethbridge 16 4401 University Ave, Lethbridge AB Canada 17 T1K 3M4 18 19 20 Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (July 2, 2014). doi:10.1152/jn.00295. 2014
The Hierarchical Ring Protocol: an Eecient Scheme for Reading Replicated Data the Hierarchical Ring Protocol: an Eecient Scheme for Reading Replicated Data

Voting is the traditional mechanism used for maintaining the consistency of replicated data in distributed systems. One of the problems involved in voting mechanisms is the size of the quorums needed on each access to the data. To reduce the quorum size needed for voting, some protocols for copy consistency organize the copies into some logical structure, and use the this structure during the voting process. We present two new protocols for maintaining copy consistency. Both protocols organize the copies into a ring structure, and use the adjacency property to reduce the read and write quorums. The at ring protocol uses one single ring and achieves a read quorum of two copies (constant), and a write quorum equal to the majority of copies. The hierarchical ring protocol is a generalization of the at ring protocol and uses a multi-level ring structure. The read quorum in the hierarchical ring protocol is independent on the total number of copies, and the write quorum is, in general, smaller than the majority of the copies. Both protocols are tolerant to multiple failures and do not need any special reconnguration procedures when failures occur.
Using the Bhattacharyya distance in functional sampling density of particle filter

Abstract The particle filter for nonlinear state estimation of discrete time dynamic stochastic systems is treated. The functional sampling density of the particle filter strongly affecting estimate quality is studied. The density is given by weighted mixture of the transition probability density functions. The weights are calculated using distance of two reference variable probability density functions representing prior and measurement information. The aim is to find a suitable distance that does not suffer from problems with its numerical computation and that can be computed for a large set of systems analytically. It seems that the Bhattacharyya distance is feasible for evaluation of such a distance. Quality and computational demands of the functional particle filter with primary weights computed using the Bhattacharyya distance are illustrated in a numerical example.
Ivan A. Sag and Jorge Hankamer toward a Theory of Anaphoric Processing 0. Introduction

Linguistics and philosophers have long been concerned with the problem of formulating a precise theory of pronouns and other anaphoric elements or expressions in natural language. Proposed treatments have been quite diverse, but a common assumption in formal accounts of anaphora appears to be that anaphoric elements in general can be treated analogously to variables in logical languages whose semantic role is explicated by rules of interpretation which constitute a recursive definition of truth or meaning for the language. Such definitions are highly idealized rule systems which abstract away from any particulars of the psychology of those who make use of them. In this paper, we suggest that a fundamental dichotomy among anaphoric expressions in natural language cannot be properly understood solely with reference to such an abstract semantic system. We argue that the properties of distinct types of anaphora can be understood only by distinguishing between those that reference specifically linguistic objects (and hence are essentially substitutive in nature) and those that reference more general sorts of mental representations, to understand the properties distinguishing the two classes of anaphoric expressions, one must understand that they are processed and assigned interpretations on the basis of distinct kinds of psychological objects.
Household Consumer Expenditure Inequalities in India: A Decomposition Analysis

The objectives of this study are to decompose household consumer expenditure inequalities in India by regions (states) and sectors (urban-rural) for the years 1977-78 and 1983 based.on the National Sample Survey data. A class of generalized entropy measures is used. The authors' results consistently indicate that the inequality within states contributes much more toward national inequality and within-sector inequality explains a large part of state-level inequality. The inequality at state levels has shown a decline from 1977-78 to 1983 due to a better monsoon season in 1983 and antipoverty programs. Copyright 1992 by The International Association for Research in Income and Wealth.
The set splittability problem

The set splittability problem is the following: given a finite collection of finite sets, does there exits a single set that selects half the elements from each set in the collection? (If a set has odd size, we allow the floor or ceiling.) It is natural to study the set splittability problem in the context of combinatorial discrepancy theory and its applications, since a collection is splittable if and only if it has discrepancy $\leq1$. After introducing the concepts and their background, we show that the set splittability problem is NP-complete. We in fact establish this for the generalized version called the $p$-splittability problem, in which one seeks to select the fraction $p$ from each set instead of half. Next we investigate several criteria for splittability and $p$-splittability, giving a complete characterization of $p$-splittability for three sets and of splittability for four sets. Finally we show that when there are sufficiently many elements, unsplittability is asymptotically much more rare than splittability.
Sachs of Easterly als gids voor ontwikkelingshulp

Momenteel woedt een krachtig debat over de (on)zin van ontwikkelingshulp, waarin twee Amerikaanse economen de toon aangeven: Jeffrey Sachs en William Easterly. In dit debat spelen naast economische ook moreel-politieke factoren een voorname rol. Dit artikel analyseert de opvattingen van bovengenoemde auteurs vanuit een politiekethische invalshoek. De conclusie luidt dat hun beider voorstellen tot hulpvernieuwing een adequate ethische en beleidsmatige basis missen en aldus politiek-ethisch tekortschieten. Ten opzichte van de toekomst van ontwikkelingshulp past een houding van behoedzaamheid.
Avaliação de Risco em Antecipação de Entrada

Esse artigo apresenta uma proposta de avaliacao de risco de empreendimentos em condicoes de incerteza, inspirada nas propostas por Bouchaud e Potters (2003), em que as avaliacoes das trajetorias das receitas irao influenciar diretamente a decisao de entrada em um empreendimento. O estudo propoe uma medida de risco menos intuitiva baseada no comportamento do passado recente, transformando o processo aleatorio do valor da receita da empresa (ativo de risco) em um processo que se baseie em tendencias futuras desta receita de forma probabilistica e dependente de uma trajetoria. Para isso e apresentado na primeira parte conceitos e formulacoes para a determinacao do preco justo de um contrato futuro, como, por exemplo, opcoes. Consideradas as hipoteses e avancos nesta area, e demonstrado o balanco financeiro geral de ganhos do vendedor de uma opcao de compra, considerando-se que este possa converter a cada instante uma quantidade de ativos de risco em ativos livres de risco e vice-versa. Estabelecida esta possibilidade, e apresentado o desenvolvimento de uma formulacao que auxilia o vendedor a minimizar os riscos inerentes a operacao, atraves da minimizacao da variância do balanco financeiro geral de ganhos na data da maturidade da opcao, em um processo particular conhecido como static hedge. Em seguida e proposta uma contribuicao matematica, baseada nos fundamentos da ancoragem estatica, para analise de riscos em antecipacao de entrada em um investimento em condicoes de incerteza. Para um melhor entendimento, e ainda apresentado um exemplo numerico.
Who Participates in R&D Subsidy Programs? The Case of Spanish Manufacturing Firms

Empirical evidence on the effectiveness of R&D subsidies to firms has produced mixed results so far. One possible explanation is that firms and project selection rules may be quite heterogeneous both across agencies and across industries, leading to different outcomes in terms of the induced additional private effort. Here we focus on the participation stage. Using a sample of Spanish firms, we test for differences across agencies and industries. Our results suggest that firms in the same industry face different hurdles to participate in different agencies’ programs, that participation patterns may reflect a combination of agency goals, and that patterns differ across high-tech and low-tech industries.
Treball de fi de grau

Analitzar problemes derivats de l'aplicacio de politiques publiques i de situacions de conflicte reconeixent la complexitat dels fenomens socials i de les decisions politiques que afecten la democracia, els drets humans, la justicia social i el desenvolupament sostenible. Aplicar els conceptes i els enfocaments de la teoria sociologica, especialment les explicacions de les desigualtats socials entre classes, entre generes i entre grups etnics, a la posada en practica de les politiques publiques i a la resolucio de les situacions de conflicte. Aplicar els principals metodes i tecniques quantitatius i qualitatius de recerca social en un tema concret. Avaluar la qualitat del propi treball. Avaluar les aportacions dels enfocaments sociologics a l'estudi de la cultura, l'educacio, la interaccio entre societat i medi ambient, la politica social i el treball. Buscar fonts documentals a partir de conceptes. Comunicar de manera efectiva, mitjancant un nivell basic de llengua anglesa, les analisis basiques dels fenomens socials. Demostrar que es comprenen les analisis de l'estructura social, especialment les explicacions de les desigualtats entre classes socials, entre generes i entre majories i minories etniques mes comunes en les ciencies socials. Demostrar que es comprenen les analisis dels fenomens socials presentades en llengua anglesa, i observar-ne els punts forts i febles. Descriure els fenomens socials de manera teoricament rellevant i tenint en compte la complexitat dels factors implicats, de les seves causes i dels seus efectes. Treball de fi de grau 2012 2013
Role of oxidative stress, ER stress and ubiquitin proteasome system in neurodegeneration

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are progressive and chronic disorders characterized by destruction of neurons in sensory, motor and cognitive systems. Free radical’s accumulation, oxidative stress, ER stress and a dysfunctional ubiquitin proteasome system can regulate prognosis in NDDs. Oxidative trauma in the brain can result from high rate of oxidative metabolism in contrast to the diminished functional levels of the antioxidant enzymes responsible for detoxification. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) advocates a degree of control on cellular parameters such as proper protein folding, posttranslational modification and subsequent protein trafficking in order to maintain normal cellular homeostasis. However, an abnormal ER functioning can lead to loss of integrity of the ER thus resulting in ER stress. In addition to this impairment in the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) machinery results in the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain thus resulting in severe neuronal trauma and subsequent damage. This review explores the disease critical interactions and roles of three critical NDD determinants viz. oxidative stress, ER stress and UPS dysfunction in neurodegenerative conditions.
on Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction Coexistence

Social network services, it has attracted a lot of popularity that it us to allow the formation of past human network has been thought possible only in the main offline also on-line and mobile. However, by a variety of SNS with a recent other features it appeared a lot, the user, rather than stick to one SNS use only, if necessary, to join simultaneously two or more kinds of SNS status it is. By problem of invasion of privacy in recent SNS is a problem of, the user, in many cases that I have to worry about whether or not to leave the mainly use SNS. This study focused on these aspects and trying to figure out whether changing the SNS people to why use. Therefore, it is possible to obtain two factor theory is trying to figure out the psychology of users feel satisfaction SNS use and unsatisfactory at the same time as the significant result.
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AND SOIL‐N AVAILABILITY ON FINE ROOTS OF POPULUS TREMULOIDES

The objective of this experiment was to understand how atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and soil-nitrogen (N) availability influence Populus tremuloides fine-root growth and morphology. Soil-N availability may limit the growth response of forests to elevated CO2 and interact with atmospheric CO2 to alter litter quality and ecosystem carbon (C) and N cycling. We established a CO2 × N factorial field experiment and grew six genotypes of P. tremuloides for 2.5 growing seasons in 20 large open-top chamber/root-box experimental units at the University of Michigan Biological Station in northern lower Michigan (USA). In this paper we describe an integrated examination of how atmospheric CO2 and soil-N availability influence fine-root morphology, growth, mortality, and biomass. We also studied the relationship between root biomass and total soil respiration. Over 80% of the absorbing root length of P. tremuloides was accounted for by roots <0.4 mm in diameter, and specific root length (100–250 m/g) was much great.
Nitrogen Excess in North American Ecosystems: Predisposing Factors, Ecosystem Responses, and Management Strategies

Most forests in North America remain nitrogen limited, although recent studies have identified forested areas that exhibit symptoms of N excess, analogous to overfertilization of arable land. Nitrogen excess in watersheds is detrimental because of disruptions in plant/soil nutrient relations, increased soil acidification and aluminum mobility, increased emissions of nitrogenous greenhouse gases from soil, reduced methane consumption in soil, decreased water quality, toxic effects on freshwater biota, and eutrophication of coastal marine waters. Elevated nitrate (NO3−) loss to groundwater or surface waters is the primary symptom of N excess. Additional symptoms include increasing N concentrations and higher N:nutrient ratios in foliage (i.e., N:Mg, N:P), foliar accumulation of amino acids or NO3−, and low soil C:N ratios. Recent nitrogen-fertilization studies in New England and Europe provide preliminary evidence that some forests receiving chronic N inputs may decline in productivity and experience greate.
TÜRKİYE’DE AİLE SOSYOLOJİSİ ÇALIŞMALARINA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Aile; toplumsal yasamin devamliligini saglamak icin deger ve davranis kaliplarinin bireylere aktarildigi, sosyo-kulturel, sosyo-demografik ve hukuki ozellikleri bakimindan toplumun en onemli analiz birimlerinden biridir. Toplumun farkli katmanlarinda yer alacak bireylerin ilk informal davranis ve bilgi kaynagini olusturan ailenin, tarih icerisinde hangi degisimlere maruz kaldigini ve bu degisimin hangi toplumsal olgu ve olaylardan beslendigini belirlemek bu anlamda onemlidir. Bu noktadan yaklasildiginda calisma, aile konusundaki farkli perspektifleri yapi ve tarihsel calismalar seklinde iki tematik cati altinda incelemeyi amac edinmistir. Bu tematik cati altinda yapilmis olan calismalardan da beslenerek Cumhuriyet’ten gunumuze ailenin toplumsal ve kulturel zeminde degisen anlamlari betimsel olarak degerlendirilmeye calisilmistir. Turkiye’nin toplumsal yapisinda aile; cocuk gelisiminden bireyin sosyallesmesine, egitim olanaklarindan meslek secimine, arkadaslik iliskilerini kurmaktan evlilik ve bazen bosanma surecine, kulturel deger oruntulerinin icsellestirildigi alandan hukuksal yapilanmalarin kuruldugu cizgiye kadar bireyin yasama sanatini edindigi bir okuldur. Anahtar Kelimeler : Aile, hanehalki, aile yapisi, sosyo-kulturel degisme.
Production of Λ[superscript 0], Λ̅ [superscript 0], Ξ[superscript ±], and Ω[superscript ±] hyperons in pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96 TeV

Citation Aaltonen, T. et al. " Production of [superscript 0], [superscript 0], [superscript ±], and [superscript ±] hyperons in pp collisions at s=1.96TeV. Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
Estreptoquinasa sin albúmina una nueva alternativa para el tratamiento trombolítico del infarto agudo del miocardio

Introduction: The streptokinase with albumin has been assessed in different studies in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI); the formula used contained human serum albumin as stabilizer. The Center of Genetic and Biotechnology Engineering has developed a new formula without albumin with the advantage to avoid the use of hemoderivatives. This Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the recombinant streptokinase (rSK) without albumin in treatment of myocardial acute infarction. Method: A cohort, longitudinal, descriptive and prospective study was conducted in 96 patients diagnosed with myocardial acute infarction admitted in the special care unit of the “Dr. Luis Diaz Soto” Central Military Hospital between January and July, 2009. The cases were divided into two groups and treated in a randomized way with streptokinase with and without insulin. The appearance of adverse reactions in both groups was analyzed, as well as its intensity and severity and mortality at 30 days. Results: Appearance of adverse reactions was slightly greater in the group of patients treated with rSK with albumin for a 21,2 % in whose group 9 patients quit the treatment: 13.63 % of them in 4 (6.06 %) temporarily and 5 patients (7.57 %) with a definite interruption of thrombolytic treatment. In the group treated with streptokinase without albumin the treatment was interrupted in three occasions (10 %) but only in a temporary way. Conclusions: Streptokinase without albumin is effective and produce less adverse effects than the rSK with albumin used until now, nevertheless it is necessary to conduct multicenter studies with inclusion of a great number of patients.