Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of hypertension among the elderly people of Belagavi city, Karnataka: A community based cross sectional study

Background: The definition of hypertension does not change with age. In elder people Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) of>140 mm Hg and a Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) of >90 mm is hypertension. As both SBP and DBP increase with age, SBP rises gradually until the age of 70 or 80, whereas DBP increases until the age of 50 or 60 and then both may decline or level up. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension among elderly population aged 60 years and above. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among elderly population aged 60 years and above. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. Blood pressure, height and weight were measured and recorded. Average of the readings was noted. Ethical clearance was obtained and informed consent taken from study participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension among the study participants was 49.99%. Among the hypertensive subjects, prevalence of hypertension among male subjects was 12% (48) and in female subjects was 13% (52). About 37.8% (151) were already aware of their hypertension status. Conclusion: Prevalence of hypertension among elderly was high in urban areas of Belagavi city. The prevalence of hypertension was high among females than in males.
Utility of P16 and Ki-67 Expression in Cervical Biopsy with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2 to Predict Diagnosis in Subsequent Cervical Excision Specimen

Treatment guidelines differ for young women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 2 lesions on biopsy depending on their desire for future pregnancy. Therefore, we investigated the utility of using P16 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical stains on cervical biopsies diagnosed with CIN 2 to determine the outcome on subsequent excisional specimens. The study included 22 patients, with a mean age of 34 years and an age range from 20 to 51 years. Positive staining for p16 was identified in 21/22 patients. The subsequent excisional pathology of these 21 patients with strong diffuse staining showed that 1 had invasive squamous cell carcinoma, 9 had CIN 3, 6 had CIN 2 or CIN 1-2, 2 had CIN 1, and 3 had no CIN lesion. The only patient with patchy p16 staining on cervical biopsy had CIN 3 on cone biopsy. The Ki-67 index was negative in 18/22 patients and positive in 4/22 patients. The Ki-67 index was negative in 5/5 patients with CIN 1 or no CIN lesion on subsequent excisional pathology and 13/17 patients with CIN 2 or CIN 3 on follow up excisional pathology. The 4 patients with a positive Ki-67 index all had CIN 2 or CIN 3 on follow up excisional pathology. Thus, we conclude that P16 and Ki-67 immunostaining was not found to be useful in triaging women with CIN 2.
The impact of the economic crises on Romanian labour market

The international economic crisis, initially emerging as a series of financial disruptions in the world’s highly developed countries, has severely destabilized all the sectors of our daily life, whether economic, social, cultural or otherwise. The labour market is the most afflicted area given its particular sensibility to negative stimuli. The important role played by this market (it ensures the labour supply in relation to the employment demand of firms), is no longer a new concept. Therefore, we can say that the Romanian labour market represents a good example to illustrate the difficulty of creating the conditions that could make labour supply more adaptive and flexible in a very dynamic business environment, satisfying a very exigent labour demand taking into account the technology evolution and building high quality new work places. In the last almost two decades, the evolution of the Romanian labour market was spectacular, by comparison to the analogue phenomena in the developed countries of the European Union. The transformations undergone by the labour market have been quite profuse and their impact on the environment significant. One of the most important ones being that the global economic crises generated a reduction of the general economic activity. As a direct consequence of this evolution, the labour market suffered a strong imbalance, a lot of Romanian workers are returning for a safe work place in Romania, but the national economy is not capable to help them. The subject of this paper is to make some appreciations about what could happen in the future and how the Romanian firms and authorities could react to one of the biggest issue of economic crises, respectively the unemployment and the instability of the work places in a very disturbing economic environment. Key-Words: Labour market, Economic environment, Economic crises, Unemployment, Work place, Instability, Dynamic
30 Years of Memory Mismanagement is Enough! Improving the Memory Residency Problem

Many programs could improve their performance by adapting their memory use. To ensure that an adaptation increases utility, a program needs to know not only how much memory is available but how much it should use at any given time. This is difficult on commodity operating systems, which provide little information to inform these decisions. As evidence of the importance of adaptations to program performance, many programs currently adapt using ad hoc heuristics to control their behavior. Supporting adaptive applications has become pressing: the range of hardware that applications are expected to run on—from smart phones and netbooks to high-end desktops and servers—is increasing as is the dynamic nature of workloads stemming from server consolidation. The practical result is that the ad hoc heuristics are less effective as assumptions about the environment are less reliable, and as such memory is more frequently underor overutilized. Failing to adapt limits the degree of possible consolidation. We contend that in order for programs to make the best of available resources, research needs to be conducted into how the operating system can better support aggressive adaptations.
Histopathological study of the coronary arteries in young individuals and its relation to their age, in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death of women and men worldwide. Global in distribution, atherosclerosis is emerging as the single largest disease accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths in India. Objectives: A Post-mortem study done to evaluate the incidence of CAD in the Young Individuals and to correlate it with their age. Methodology: In the present study heart specimen from 55 bodies were selected, over a period of one year (randomly selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria), which were sent to the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata for medicolegal autopsy, belonging to the age group of 20-39 years of age, having no previous history or family history of any cardiac disease or Diabetes Mellitus. Tissues of coronary arteries were collected from the proximal part of the LAD, as it has the highest propensity to develop CAD and were studied histopathologically and results graded according to the AHA criteria. Results: Out of the 37 cases belonging to the age group of 30-39 years, 7(18.9%) cases have grade I-III change and 30(81.1%) cases have grade IV-VI changes [χ2 (5) = 30.65 p = 0.000]. Thus, age and CAD changes are positively correlated. Conclusion: The data obtained may form a baseline for the forthcoming studies, especially if done on a multi-centric basis.
Prevalence and pattern of injuries among football players in National Squad in Sri Lanka

The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of injuries among football players of national squad in Sri Lanka. Methodology: The descriptive cross sectional study was conducted with 91 professional male football players, at the grounds when the players were practicing. The data collection was carried out using interviewer administered questionnaire. The ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo. Results: Injury prevalence was 95.6%. There were 5.4% players with upper limb injuries, while 83.9% players with lower limb injuries, 3.2% players with back injuries and 7.5% players with head and neck injuries. Among the lower limb injuries 43.5% were knee injuries, 30.8% were ankle injuries, 10.3% were upper leg injuries 7.7% were groin injuries, 5.2% were lower leg injuries and 2.5% were foot injuries. Hip injuries and pelvis injuries were not reported. Types of injuries were inquired into and the result showed 19.3% contusions, 6.5% lacerations, 42.0% strains, 29.0 % sprains and 3.2 % fractures. Dislocation was not reported. It was revealed that cryotherapy 65.3% was the commonest to be used as first aid. Out of injuries, 14.0% had taken 1 day for the recovery, 25.8% had taken one day to 7 days for the recovery, 40.9% had taken 7 days to 14 days for the recovery and 19.3% had taken more than 14 days for the recovery. After injury 87.1% players had met physiotherapist for treatment. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of lower extremities injuries than upper limb, spine and head and neck. Of the lower limb, knee joint was the most injured. Strain was the commonest type of injury pattern among the football players. After most of injuries cryotherapy had been used as a first aid. Most of football injuries had taken 7 days to 14 days for the recovery. Many injured players had sought physiotherapy treatment and advice for their injuries.
Lending Rates and the Performance of Money Deposit Banks in Nigeria

The study examined the lending rate in the Nigerian money deposit banks and their effects on banks performance from 2001 to 2016. The study examined the correlation between the cash reserve ratio, lending rate, monetary policy rate, total deposit on return on asset and return on equity of money deposit banks in Nigeria. The study utilized secondary data and while unit root test, co-integration test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used as an estimation technique for the study. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the data for 21 commercial banks. The result confirmed that the lending rate has significant and positive effects on the performance of Nigeria money deposit banks. The implication of this is that monetary policy rate, lending rate, and cash reserve ratio have a positive impact on bank performance but they are not statistically significant.
Are Digital Transformation Projects Special?

The digital transformation disrupts companies across all industries, forcing them to rethink and adjust their products, services, processes, and business models. The necessity to adapt to a digital future seems clear; however, many companies still struggle with the question “How do we transform? ” While existing literature demonstrates how a strategy for digital transformation can be developed, we know little about how it is implemented. We argue that projects play a crucial role here. Therefore, we want to develop a sound understanding of such digital transformation projects. To do so, we first draw insights regarding projects from literature and then combine this knowledge with findings from four qualitative empirical case studies. We contribute to literature by elaborating a solid characterization of digital transformation projects. In addition, we offer valuable insights to practitioners regarding how digital transformation projects can be recognized and managed.
Re-humanizing “high-tech, no touch” medicine: Narrative medicine and cinemeducation perspectives

In this healing profession that is oriented on relationshipcentered care, I would unequivocally state that one of the quintessential virtues of a clinician (healer) and his art of doctoring is the deep conviction and interest in humanity. Sadly, this is not the reality in today’s hi-tech medicine since the art of doctoring and healing; the interest in medical humanities and the healing effect of the Quantum touch is virtually lost. This humanistic attrition coupled with the unrelentless steadfast rush for empiric logicoscientific evidence-based medicine (EBM), in my opinion, has certainly and inevitably emptied the “art, heart and soul” of medicine to a dehumanized system of health-care enterprise. I would call this transformative change in the landscape of the modern health-care enterprise as “hi-tech, no touch medicine. ” This attrition in the humanistic soul of medicine is also reflected in medical school training where there has been no emphasis on cracking the hidden curriculum and teaching humanities. I call for a renaissance for re-humanizing “high tech, no touch” Bhaskara P. Shelley Department of Neurology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India Re-humanizing “high-tech, no touch” medicine: Narrative medicine and cinemeducation perspectives
Act, Perceive, and Plan in Belief Space for Robot Localization

In this paper, we outline an interleaved acting and planning technique to rapidly reduce the uncertainty of the estimated robot’s pose by perceiving relevant information from the environment, as recognizing an object or asking someone for a direction.Generally, existing localization approaches rely on low-level geometric features such as points, lines, and planes. While these approaches provide the desired accuracy, they may require time to converge, especially with incorrect initial guesses. In our approach, a task planner computes a sequence of action and perception tasks to actively obtain relevant information from the robot’s perception system.We validate our approach in large state spaces, to show how the approach scales, and in real environments, to show the applicability of our method on real robots. We prove that our approach is sound, probabilistically complete, and tractable in practical cases.
Vanishing of higher order Alexander‐type invariants of plane curves

The higher order degrees are Alexander‐type invariants of complements to an affine plane curve. In this paper, we characterize the vanishing of such invariants for a curve C given as a transversal union of plane curves C′$C^{\prime }$ and C′′$C^{\prime \prime }$ in terms of the finiteness and the vanishing properties of the invariants of C′$C^{\prime }$ and C′′$C^{\prime \prime }$ , and whether or not they are irreducible. As a consequence, we prove that the multivariable Alexander polynomial ΔCmulti$\Delta ^{\operatorname{multi}}_C$ is a power of (t−1)$(t-1)$ , and we characterize when ΔCmulti=1$\Delta ^{\operatorname{multi}}_C=1$ in terms of the defining equations of C′$C^{\prime }$ and C′′$C^{\prime \prime }$ . Our results impose obstructions on the class of groups that can be realized as fundamental groups of complements of a transversal union of curves.
Is Local SGD Better than Minibatch SGD?

We study local SGD (also known as parallel SGD and federated averaging), a natural and frequently used stochastic distributed optimization method. Its theoretical foundations are currently lacking and we highlight how all existing error guarantees in the convex setting are dominated by a simple baseline, minibatch SGD. (1) For quadratic objectives we prove that local SGD strictly dominates minibatch SGD and that accelerated local SGD is minimax optimal for quadratics; (2) For general convex objectives we provide the first guarantee that at least sometimes improves over minibatch SGD; (3) We show that indeed local SGD does not dominate minibatch SGD by presenting a lower bound on the performance of local SGD that is worse than the minibatch SGD guarantee.
The Solar Wind Prevents Reaccretion of Debris after Mercury’s Giant Impact

The planet Mercury possesses an anomalously large iron core, and a correspondingly high bulk density. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in order to explain such a large iron content. A long-standing idea holds that Mercury once possessed a larger silicate mantle that was removed by a giant impact early in the the solar system’s history. A central problem with this idea has been that material ejected from Mercury is typically reaccreted onto the planet after a short (∼Myr) timescale. Here, we show that the primordial solar wind would have provided sufficient drag upon ejected debris to remove them from Mercury-crossing trajectories before reimpacting the planet’s surface. Specifically, the young Sun likely possessed a stronger wind, fast rotation, and strong magnetic field. Depending upon the time of the giant impact, the ram pressure associated with this wind would push particles outward into the solar system, or inward toward the Sun, on sub-Myr timescales, depending upon the size of ejected debris. Accordingly, the giant impact hypothesis remains a viable pathway toward the removal of planetary mantles, both on Mercury and extrasolar planets, particularly those close to young stars with strong winds.
AutoAlpha: an Efficient Hierarchical Evolutionary Algorithm for Mining Alpha Factors in Quantitative Investment

The multi-factor model is a widely used model in quantitative investment. The success of a multi-factor model is largely determined by the effectiveness of the alpha factors used in the model. This paper proposes a new evolutionary algorithm called AutoAlpha to automatically generate effective formulaic alphas from massive stock datasets. Specifically, first we discover an inherent pattern of the formulaic alphas and propose a hierarchical structure to quickly locate the promising part of space for search. Then we propose a new Quality Diversity search based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA-QD) to guide the search away from the well-explored space for more desirable results. Next, we utilize the warm start method and the replacement method to prevent the premature convergence problem. Based on the formulaic alphas we discover, we propose an ensemble learning-to-rank model for generating the portfolio. The backtests in the Chinese stock market and the comparisons with several baselines further demonstrate the effectiveness of AutoAlpha in mining formulaic alphas for quantitative trading.
Physical Parameters of Late-type Contact Binaries in the Northern Catalina Sky Survey

We present the physical parameters of 2335 late-type contact binary (CB) systems extracted from the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS). Our sample was selected from the CSS Data Release 1 by strictly limiting the prevailing temperature uncertainties and light-curve fitting residuals, allowing us to almost eliminate any possible contaminants. We developed an automatic Wilson–Devinney-type code to derive the relative properties of CBs based on their light-curve morphology. By adopting the distances derived from CB (orbital) period–luminosity relations (PLRs), combined with the well-defined mass–luminosity relation for the systems’ primary stars and assuming solar metallicity, we calculated the objects’ masses, radii, and luminosities. Our sample of fully eclipsing CBs contains 1530 W-, 710 A-, and 95 B-type CBs. A comparison with literature data and with the results from different surveys confirms the accuracy and coherence of our measurements. The period distributions of the various CB subtypes are different, hinting at a possible evolutionary sequence. W-type CBs are clearly located in a strip in the total mass versus mass-ratio plane, while A-type CBs may exhibit a slightly different dependence. There are no significant differences among the PLRs of A- and W-type CBs, but the PLR zero-points are affected by their mass ratios and fill-out factors. Determination of zero-point differences for different types of CBs may help us improve the accuracy of the resulting PLRs. We demonstrate that automated approaches to deriving CB properties could be a powerful tool for application to the much larger CB samples expected to result from future surveys.
Toward Making the Most of Context in Neural Machine Translation

Document-level machine translation manages to outperform sentence level models by a small margin, but have failed to be widely adopted. We argue that previous research did not make a clear use of the global context, and propose a new document-level NMT framework that deliberately models the local context of each sentence with the awareness of the global context of the document in both source and target languages. We specifically design the model to be able to deal with documents containing any number of sentences, including single sentences. This unified approach allows our model to be trained elegantly on standard datasets without needing to train on sentence and document level data separately. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms Transformer baselines and previous document-level NMT models with substantial margins of up to 2.1 BLEU on state-of-the-art baselines. We also provide analyses which show the benefit of context far beyond the neighboring two or three sentences, which previous studies have typically incorporated.
Neural Networks on Random Graphs

We performed a massive evaluation of neural networks with architectures corresponding to random graphs of various types. Apart from the classical random graph families including random, scale-free and small world graphs, we introduced a novel and flexible algorithm for directly generating random directed acyclic graphs (DAG) and studied a class of graphs derived from functional resting state fMRI networks. A majority of the best performing networks were indeed in these new families. We also proposed a general procedure for turning a graph into a DAG necessary for a feed-forward neural network. We investigated various structural and numerical properties of the graphs in relation to neural network test accuracy. Since none of the classical numerical graph invariants by itself seems to allow to single out the best networks, we introduced new numerical characteristics that selected a set of quasi-1-dimensional graphs, which were the majority among the best performing networks.
On the Likelihood of Observing Extragalactic Civilizations: Predictions from the Self-Indication Assumption

Ambitious civilizations that expand for resources at an intergalactic scale could be observable from a cosmological distance, but how likely is one to be visible to us? The question comes down to estimating the appearance rate of such things in the cosmos --- a radically uncertain quantity. Despite this prior uncertainty, anthropic considerations give rise to Bayesian updates, and thus predictions. The Self-Sampling Assumption (SSA), a school of anthropic probability, has previously been used for this purpose. Here, we derive predictions from the alternative school, the Self-Indication Assumption (SIA), and point out its features. SIA favors a higher appearance rate of expansionistic life, but our existence at the present cosmic time means that such life cannot be too common (else our galaxy would long ago have been overrun). This combination squeezes our vast prior uncertainty into a few orders of magnitude. Details of the background cosmology fall out, and we are left with some stark conclusions. E.g. if the limits to technology allow a civilization to expand at speed $v$, the probability of at least one expanding cosmological civilization being visible on our past light cone is $1-\frac{v^3}{c^3}$. We also show how the SIA estimate can be updated from the results of a hypothetical full-sky survey that detects "$n$" expanding civilizations (for $n \geq 0$), and calculate the implied final extent of life in the universe.