Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Proposed Method of Machine Learning based Framework for Software Product Line Testing

Software product line includes a series of software products which share common feature’s set. Since the number of features may grow exponentially, it is not possible to test individual products of the entire product line. Since the time budget for testing is limited or even unknown a priori, the sequence of testing products is critical for effective product line testing. Regression testing is the way to test a product after making some changes in the product (for example, after a new version or product is developed). Due to the lack of resources, only a a subset of test cases is executed for testing a specific product. This leads to problems with important test cases regarding testing. Therefore, to lead the test cases, minimization and prioritization of test cases is initiated by the regression testing technique. Existing techniques usually require source code which is time-consuming and complex to execute. However, testing of complex applications often restricts access to source code. Therefore, complex applications can be tested by black-box testing. In this paper, a machine learning- based technique has been proposed to test the software product line. Fuzzy C-Means clustering has been applied to minimize the test cases and Ranked Support Vector Machine to prioritize the rest of the test cases.
Why We Teach

> Teachers affect eternity; no one can tell where their influence stops. > > Henry Brooks Adams Teaching has been one of the most important and honored professions since the beginning of history. Through observation, trial and error, and experimentation, teachers—including elders and others—have passed down vital information from generation to generation. This is still true today and this month, August 2015, marks the beginning of another school year here in the US where over 250,000 science teachers (approximately 78,000* of these being high school life science and biology teachers) will enter their classrooms. Why do we teach? We do it for the same reasons that so many generations have done before us—to pass on crucial information we have gathered in our lifetime. We want to share knowledge about life, living organisms and their interconnections. We want our students to understand why it's so important to take care of our environment. This was such an important topic that we asked the NABT Board of Directors to share their thoughts on why they teach. Their responses are found below. > ### President-Elect Bob Melton > > The beginning of a new school year has always been an exciting time for me. It is always full of hope, promise, and the allure of the challenge ahead. The real challenge is that of reaching out to a diverse set of individuals and discerning the ways to engage each one of them in the practices of science and immerse them in the thinking and discourse that is modern science. How can I develop independent thinkers, creative problems solvers, and functional collaborators in a group of individuals who are connected only by time, place and the common requirement for a credit in Biology I? This is the excitement that wakes me up in the middle of each night for two weeks prior to the start of school and …
The role of specific genomic alterations in small cell lung cancer aggressiveness

Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is a very aggressive neuroendocrine tumour of the lung, which demonstrates a 5 year survival of only 10% for extensive stage disease (20-30% for limited stage), with only modest improvement over the last few decades. Identification of new molecular diagnostic and therapeutic targets is thus imperative. Previous efforts in identifying molecular changes in SCLC by gene expression profiling using microarrays have facilitated disease classification but yielded very limited information on SCLC biology. Previous DNA studies have been successful in identifying several loci important to SCLC. However the low resolution of conventional chromosomal Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) has limited the findings to large chromosomal regions with only a few specific candidate genes discovered to date. Thus, to further understand the biological behaviour of SCLC, better methods for studying the genomic alterations in SCLC are necessary. This thesis highlights the development of array CGH technology for the high resolution dissection of aneuploidy in cancer genomes and the application of this new technology to the study of SCLC. I present the development of the first whole genome CGH array which offered unprecedented resolution in the profiling of cancer genomes allowing fine mapping of genes in a single experiment. Through application of DNA based analysis in conjunction with integrated expression analysis and comparison of SCLC to less aggressive non-small cell lung tumours I have identified novel patterns of pathway disruption specific to SCLC. This included alteration to Wnt pathway members and striking patterns of cell cycle activation through predominantly downstream disruption of signalling pathways including direct activation of the E2F transcription factors, which are normally repressed by the Rb gene. Analysis of targets of the E2F/Rb pathway identified EZH2 as being specifically hyper-activated in SCLC, compared to NSCLC. EZH2 is a polycomb group gene involved in the control of many cellular functions including targeted DNA methylation and escape from senescence in hematopoietic stem cells. Taken together these results suggest that in SCLC, downstream disruption may replace multiple upstream alterations leading to activation independent of a specific mitogenic pathway, and that EZH2 represents a potentially important therapeutic target.
Lowest common ancestor interconnection networks

Author(s): Alleyne, Brian D. ; Chien, Chi-Kai; Scherson, Isaac D. | Abstract: Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) networks are built using switches capable of connecting u + d inputs/outputs in a permutation pattern. For n source nodes and I stages of switches, n/d switches are used in stage l - n/d - u/d in stage l - 2, and in general , n-u^l-i-l/d^l-i switches in stage i. The resulting hierarchical structure possesses interesting connectivity and permutational properties. A full characterization of LCA networks is presented together with a permutation routing algorithm for a family of LCA networks. The algorithm uses the network itself to collect and disseminate information about the permutation. A schedule of O(dp log_d/u n) passes is obtained with a switch set-up cost factor of O(log_d/u n) (p is the minimum number of passes that an algorithm with global knowledge schedules).
Spam SMS (or) Email Detection and Classification using Machine Learning

Spam is an unwanted message or SMS sent on mobile phones whose content may be malicious. Scammers send fake text messages to trick people into responding to their SMS and they may hack personal information, password, account number, etc. To avoid being tricked by scammers, proposed a model based on Machine learning Algorithms. The proposed model is implemented using the Naïve Bayes algorithm and term frequency-inverse document frequency vectorizer. Obtained the dataset from Kaggle and trained the model using it. This model consists of a local host website which is obtained through PyCharm IDE. Obtained results show that the model accuracy of 95% and a precision of 100%.
Esterases and Phosphatases of Honeybee Venom

SUMMARYIt is established that honeybee venom contains an α esterase and a β esterase, and two alkaline and three acid phosphatases. The probable presence of two further acid phosphatases is indicated through the use of Naphthyl AS phosphates as substrate. Such enzymes were previously reported to be absent in bee venom (Schoetensack, 1953).
Potensi minyak kanola dan flaxseed terproteksi sabun kalsium untuk mengoptimalkan fermentasi dan mikroba rumen sapi potong secara in vitro

Suharti S, Nasution AR, Nuraliyah D, Hidayah N. 2015. The potential of canola and flaxseed oil protected by calcium soap for optimizing in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of beef cattle. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1 (1): 89-92. Supplementation of unsaturated fatty acid from the plant in ruminant feed is needed to improve the production and quality of beef meat. Vegetable oils as potential sources of the unsaturated fatty acid include canola oil (high linoleic acid content) and flaxseed oil (high in linolenic acid). However, to use vegetable oils as sources of unsaturated fatty acids, the oil needs to be protected to avoid biohydrogenation by rumen bacteria which convert the oil into saturated fatty acid. Calcium soap method is relatively easy and cheap to protect unsaturated fatty acid. This experiment was designed to examine the potential of calcium soap-protected canola oil and flaxseed oil in optimizing in vitro rumen microbe fermentation. The experimental design was conducted in a randomized block design with 3 replicates. Variables observed were rumen fermentation characteristic (pH value, N-NH3concentration, molar proportion and total VFA, dry matter and organic matter digestibility) and rumen microbes (protozoa and bacteria). The result showed that supplementation of canola and flaxseed oil protected by calcium soap at level 6% did not affect pH level, dry matter digestibility, rumen protozoa and bacteria total, but didincrease organic matter digestibility and N-NH3 concentration. Supplementation of the protected flaxseed oil increased total VFA andproportion of propionic acid concentration as a potential energy source for the cattle. This result indicated that supplementation ofprotected fat did not disturb microbial activity in feed fermentation.
Progress in the research of inhibitory activities and structure-activity relationship of flavonoids on neuraminidases

Neuraminidase(NA),a kind of glycoproteins lying on the surface of influenza A and B viruses,is one of the targets of anti-influenza drugs.In recent years,researchers from home and abroad have discovered that many flavonoids have potent NA inhibitory activities.This class of compounds has different structural backbones compared with the marketed NA inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir.They have shown a potential in solving drug resistance problem and in overcoming the NA subtype dependence problem of current drugs.Besides,some flavonoids can work together with oseltamivir to improve its inhibitory activities on NAs of different subtypes.Thus developing and marketing of this new class of drugs would provide alternatives for current clinical therapies.This review summarized the research advances of inhibitory activities and structure-activity relationship of flavonoids on NA,in order to provide reference for the discovery and structure modification of a new class of NA inhibitors with flavonoid scaffolds.
Determining the risk of tuberculosis infection in BCG-vaccinated populations

The revaccination of schoolchildren can restore the residual allergy induced by vaccination in the first years of life but can not modify the allergy resulting from a natural infection. So revaccination in this population should indicate the group infected by the Koch bacilli. To assess the applicability of these assumptions in estimating the risk of tuberculosis infection in regions with high BCG coverage a study was undertaken on schoolchildren between 6 and 9 years of age who were attending the municipal schools in the east zone of S. Paulo City, in the course of the first semester of 1988. Of 11,455 who were vaccinated only 7,470 were tested with PPD, revaccinated and retested ten weeks later; 3,314 of these were vaccinated in the first trimester of life with a half dose and 4,156 received a full dose at later ages (75% during the first year, 20% during the second and 5% during the third). In comparing the results pre and post vaccination by correlation table, the calculation of infection was made according to the criteria of the original method and to the modifications made by the authors under separate cover for those vaccinated in the first trimester and those vaccinated later. The risk of infection was 0.35% and 0.37%, respectively, for the original model and 0.45% and 0.49% for the modified model. The referencial was 0.55%. The difference between model and age or with the referencial was not significant (p > 0.005). Data suggest that the method is applicable to estimate the risk of tuberculosis infection in schoolchildren vaccinated with a full dose of BCG during the first year of life.
ASPECTOS DE LA BIOLOGÍA POBLACIONAL EN EL CAMPO DE Anolis aquaticus, Sauria: Polychridae EN COSTA RICA FIELD POPULATION BIOLOGY OF Anolis aquaticus, Sauria: Polychridae IN

The lizard Anolis aquaticus (Taylor 1956) was studied at the La Palma de Puriscal Canyon, Costa Rica (9o45’N, 84o27’O). A monthly sampling methodology for captures, recaptures and body measurements was developed during the study. The color of both sexes of A. aquaticus is brown, with pale green bands on the body and tail; when they emerge from the crevices they are dark brown without bands. Males are larger than females in the 13 body measurements taken. Males maintain a territory of one to three females; females do not tolerate other females within their territory. The sex ratio in the population does not vary from 1:1. Females reach sexual maturity between 4 and 6 months and males between 5 and 7 months after hatching. Following egg laying females less than 64mm SVL recovered weight readily, while those of less than 64mm SVL did not, some did not recover and died of starvation. Growth rates in SVL and weight are approximately equal for both sexes in adults and significantly different for the sexes in juveniles. There is a substantial difference in growth rates between captive animals and those in natural conditions. Recruitment rate was the same for both sexes. Findings are discussed in the paper.
The impact of culture on psychotherapy: Korean clients' expectations in psychotherapy.

: The impact of culture on clients' expectations for psychotherapy has not been adequately studied. This is the first study to explore Korean clients' expectations in psychotherapy. A 120-item instrument was used to collect data on expectations for psychotherapy held by 25 Korean clients of the Asian Mental Health Clinic. Six hypotheses regarding expectations for therapist's discipline, characteristics, techniques, goals, and roles in psychotherapy were examined. The findings indicate that the model that Koreans have for a psychotherapeutic relationship is similar to the special teacher-disciple relationship in Korea. The study demonstrated that psychiatric nurses are held in high regard by Korean clients. Education of Koreans to Western psychotherapy concepts and procedures is essential. Recommendations were made for different treatment modalities integrating Western concepts of psychotherapy with Korean cultural concepts of mental health.
Applying AI in Education Creating a Grading Prediction System and Digitalizing Student Profiles

This paper discusses two digital tools to help the teachers education process in educational institutes. The first tool is the students’ digital profile that includes students’ education, such as the grades, interests, hobbies, social communication and general information. The second tool is a predictor of grades, to forecast the grades of the students based on their historical performances using machine leaning and integrated in the digital profile of the students. With such two tools it is possible for administration to overview the state of the students, identifying those at risks and providing them suitable assistance and remedial actions.
Computer simulations of surfactant self-assembly.

the entering of single surfactants into micelles, single surfactants leaving micelles, the fusion of two micelles, and the slow breakdown of a micelle. We use our results to answer some controversial questions concerning the interactions that are essential for surfactant self-assembly. The dynamics of self-assembled surfactant structures are of importance in a variety of processes ranging from the transport of molecules through cell membranes to the removal of stains in a washing machine. Even in the simplest assemblies, micelles in water, the time scales
CONGELAÇÃO DE SÊMEN CANINO COM DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE GEMA DE OVO E GLICEROL EM DILUIDORES À BASE DE TRIS E ÁGUA DE COCO CANINE SEMEN'S FREEZE WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF EGG YOLK AND GLYCEROL IN TRIS AND COCONUT WATER EXTENDERS

Medico Veterinario, Doutor em Ciencias Veterinarias, Professor FAVET/UECE.RESUMOO objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar os di-luidores a base de agua de coco e a base de Tris na congelacaodo semen canino, utilizando-se diferentes concentracoes de gemade ovo e glicerol. Caes Pastores Alemaes (n=5) tiveram seusemen coletado por manipulacao digital. Sua fracao espermaticafoi avaliada quanto aos parâmetros macro e microscopicos emisturada para a formacao de um pool de esperma que foi dilui-do em agua de coco ou Tris, acrescidos de gema de ovo (10 ou20%) e glicerol (4, 6 ou 8%). Em seguida, congelado pelo metodode NUNES et al. (1997), sendo descongelado a 37
A Fast Local Community Detection Algorithm in Signed Social Networks

Recent years have witnessed the rapid growth of social network services and consequently, research problems investigated in this area. Community detection is one of the most important problems in social networks. A good community can be defined as a group of vertices that are highly connected and loosely connected to the vertices outside the group. Community detection includes exploring the community partitioning in social networks. Regarding the fact that social networks are huge, having complete information about the whole network is almost impossible. As a result, the problem of local community detection has become more popular in recent years. This problem can be defined as the detection of a community for a given node by using local information. Many networks contain both positive and negative relations. A community in signed networks is defined as a group of nodes that are densely connected by positive links within the community and negative links between communities. In this paper, considering the problem of local community detection in signed networks, a new fast algorithm, noted as $Alg_{SP}$, is developed to identify a dense community for a given node in signed networks. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can detect the ground-truth communities independently from the starting nodes.
Gender difference in trends in healthy life expectancy in 2005-2012 for adults aged 50 years and older in South Africa

Data characterizing older people’s life expectancy by good or poor health isimportant for policy and fiscal planning. This study aims to examine trends and investigategender differences in healthy life expectancy (HLE) for older people in South Africa for theperiod 2005–2012. Using data from three repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2005,2008, and 2012, we applied a self-rated health measure to estimating HLE. The Sullivanmethod was used in the calculations. We found that unhealthy life expectancy decreased overthe period, while HLE and the proportion of life spent in good health increased more thantotal life expectancy in the same period. Gender disparities were evident: Women had higherlife expectancy than men, yet they spent a greater proportion of their lifetime in poor health.We concluded that HLE of older people in South Africa has improved over the period underinvestigation.
Mollusks from two estuarine areas in Ceará state, northeastern Brazil, with new state records for four species

We analyzed qualitatively the malacofauna found in the tidal zones of Banco dos Cajuais and Ilha Grande estuarine complex, both in Ceara State, northeastern Brazil. Qualitative data on the malacofauna from Banco dos Cajuais and the Ilha Grande estuarine complex were obtained by systematic sampling in 2008 and 2009 during field activities for the “Migratory Shorebirds Conservation and Shrimp Farming in Northeast Brazil” project. Twenty-two species of mollusks (13 bivalves and 9 gastropods) were found in Banco dos Cajuais, and 25 species (18 bivalves and 7 gastropods) were found in the Ilha Grande estuarine complex. Four species, Lucina muricata (Spengler, 1798), Tagelus divisus (Lightfoot, 1786), Crassinella martinicensis (d’Orbigny, 1853), and Periploma ovata Kuroda and Horikoshi, 1958 were recorded from Ceara for the first time.
Statistical Limits to Super Resolution

The limits imposed by photon statistics on the degree to which Rayleigh's resolution limit for diffraction-limited images can be surpassed by applying image restoration techniques are investigated. An approximate statistical theory is given for the number of detected photons required in the image of an unresolved pair of equal point sources in order that its information content allows in principle resolution by restoration. This theory is confirmed by numerical restoration experiments on synthetic images, and quantitative limits are presented for restoration of diffraction-limited images formed by slit and circular apertures
Effect of Dietary Dried Fennel and Oregano and Thyme Supplementation on Zootechnical Parameters of Growing Rabbit

The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the effects of fennel, oregano, and thyme dietary supplements on the feeding of rabbits. In this regard, 96 weaned rabbits (30-day-old), white New Zealand, were divided into 4 groups and submitted to the following dietary treatments: Control diet, F diet (Control diet + 5% Foeniculum vulgaris), O diet (Control diet + 5% Origanum compactum), and T diet (Control diet + 5% Thymus capitatus). The essential oils of the above mentioned aromatic plants were extracted and were analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. The treatment of fennel, oregano, and thyme had no beneficial effects on the growth performance of the rabbits but reduced the mortality rate. The phenylpropanoid and the phenolic monoterpenes were the major components of Foeniculum vulgaris, Origanum compactum, and Thymus capitatus essential oils. The aromatic plants and their active compounds can be used as additives in rabbit nutrition.
Mass loss and a possible population II lithium dip

It is shown that the recent observation of a subplateau lithium abundance for a high surface temperature (T∼6300 K) Population II star relative to the Population II lithium plateau can be explained by main-sequence mass loss. This explanation is identical to our previously proposed explanation for the Population I lithium dip and predicts a similar dip for Population II. It is assumed that the main-sequence mass loss in both cases is associated with the instability strip intersecting the main sequence. This mass-loss process can also decrease globular cluster ages by ∼1 Gyr