Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mesoscopic assessment of water droplet collision with a single stainless steel fiber in oil

To reveal the flow characteristics in the packed bed of a fiber filter, the collision behaviors of water droplets with a single stainless steel (SS) fiber in oil were investigated. First, the forces acting on the water droplets during collisional processes were analyzed; then, a systematic test based on the visualization method was conducted to elucidate the effects of the emulsion flow rate, the value of N = rd/rf (ratio of the radii of the water droplets and the fiber) and oil viscosity on the motions of the water droplets colliding with the fibers. It was revealed that increasing the emulsion flow rate and N can clearly improve the collision velocity and the efficiency of the water droplet collision with a single fiber. However, the influence of the oil viscosity on the velocity of the water droplets approaching the SS fibers can be ignored. All of the findings will facilitate the design of efficient fibrous bed coalescers for emulsion and aerosol purification.
December 2019 An In-Depth Comparative Study on Feature Extraction Techniques for Biometric Images

Features are significant part of an image, that can be used to match one image with another and classify to check if they belong to the same class or a different one. Features represent the image and feature extraction brings out significant features that are more pertinent to perform classification. Feature extraction techniques have a wide range of applications in image processing and pattern recognition. This paper attempts to review the existing feature extraction techniques that are proposed by various researchers. This study also dwells deep to identify the pros and cons in the existing techniques. The paper also identifies scope for improvisation that can lead to a better feature extraction technique which can applied to biometric images to bring out the significant features.
Health promotion: Exercise in primary care

Physical inactivity is the fourth-leading risk factor for death worldwide. It contributes to approximately 3 200 000 deaths each year. Globally, one in every four individuals is physically inactive. This article looks at the burden of physical inactivity, and benefits and recommendations for physical activity for different age groups. There is a discussion on how these recommendations can be achieved in a general practice setting using health promotion models, and by working in conjunction with community partners, both on a local and national level.
Incumbent Pharmaceutical Firms Integration of Biotechnology: Choices of Internal R&D vs Alliances and Acquisitions

The emergence of new biologically based techniques preceded the development of a new segment of the pharmaceutical industry. It was initially dominated by small start-up companies. This gave way to a network of technological alliances between the new biotechnology firms, NBFs, and the incumbent firms. This paper looks at how those relationships changed over time and discusses possible reasons for the industries current state. I would like to thank Gary Smith and Jaron Moler for their input and aid in creating this paper.
Analyses on impacts of ETS on industries of Japan

From 2013, EU-ETS entered its third phase, free allocation of emission permits for energy intensive industries will continue, and Border Adjustment will be adapted to mitigate carbon leakage and risk of losing competitive edge. Following with EU, Japan is planning to introduce Emission Trade Schemes. With a multi-region model, we analyzed the possible impacts of ETS on industries, especially energy intensive industries in Japan. Comparing with full auction scenario, grandfathering (GF), output-based (OB) and border adjustment (BD) scenarios are also considered for their effects of “anti-leakage” and mitigating risk of losing competitive edge. We found that the carbon leakage ratio in the case of full auctioning in the ETS of Japan is not very much different from the GF and OB scenarios. We can find that the “best” anti-leakage option depends on the policy objective and on the sector. Although the output-based allocation variants lead to a generally higher carbon leakage ratio than border adjustments, leakage remains very limited. The most efficient variant in this respect is the one with auctioning in the power sector and output-based allocation in the cement, iron and steel and petroleum chemical products sectors, covering both direct and indirect emissions.
Structuring Complex Correlations: An Overview of Multivariate Spatial Approaches

Multivariate spatial data are increasingly encountered in many disciplines, obvious examples being in geology, ecology, agriculture, epidemiology and in the environmental and atmospheric sciences. The defining feature of such data is the availability of measurements on a set of different and potentially related response variables at each spatial location in the region studied. Often, there is also an associated vector of potential explanatory variables measured at each of these sites. Such multivariate spatial data may exhibit not only correlations between variables at each site, but also spatial autocorrelation within each variable, and spatial cross-correlation between variables, at neighbouring sites. Any analysis or modelling must therefore allow for dependency structures that are both complex and inevitably confounded in the observed data. Moreover, if repeat observations are present on the response vector, they often refer to different points in time and add temporal autocorrelations or cross-correlations into the already complex mix of potential correlation structures. Structuring Complex Correlations: An Overview of Multivariate Spatial Approaches
The Trade Potential in Manufacturing Sectors 84-89 for the EU countries

Trade expansion is an important component of growth. EU countries have benefited from advantages of a monetary union and liberalization of trade, however there is room for further expansion fo trade. This thesis employs an augmented gravity model equation to analyze EU trade flows for important commodities 84-89. The coefficients obtained are used to predict trade potential for the 28 exporting European countries. Fixed effects with panel data for the years 2005-16 have been used for estimation. The results show that all of the effects that are traditionally observed in the ”gravity” approach are reasonable and statistically significant. In addition, cultural similarities such as language, ethnicity or colonialism do not show a significant effect upon bilateral trade for the commodities considered in this analysis. The EU countries’ trade potential results, which are illustrated through the use of maps, indicate that there is great potential with countries of the North America and the Asia-Pacific region, such as USA, China, Russia and Australia.
Design and Construction of Thermal Control Solar Heated Poultry House

Introduction: Chickens in extensive and semi-intensive poultry production systems account for more than 75% of all poultry in the Southern Nigeria. Aims: To design, construct and test a thermal control solar heated poultry house. Methodology: Thermally controlled solar heated poultry house was designed and constructed in the Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Research Farm, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. The poultry house consists of seven sections/rooms of which five rooms were regulated into five different temperature levels while one of the last two serve as control experiment section and the other serve as the observation section. The poultry house was tested and evaluated using developed and calibrated data logger to determine the environmental condition in the thermally controlled animal house with respect to the ambient conditions. The results obtained from the pre-stock test were analyzed graphically using Microsoft excel software version 2016 Results: The dry bulb temperature in the poultry house is 28.91±0. 02ºC, 31.75±0. 14ºC, 34.93 ±0. 06ºC, 37.92±0. 07ºC, 40.95±0. 06ºC and 26.47±1. 72ºC for sections with preconditioned temperature of 29ºC, 32ºC, 35ºC, 38ºC 41ºC and control respectively, dry bulb temperature in the poultry house is 20.39±0. 32ºC, 21.64±0. 1ºC, 19.13±0. 2ºC, 17.57±0. 27ºC, 16.26±0. 27ºC and 24.77 ±0. 1ºC for sections with preconditioned temperature of 29ºC, 32ºC, 35ºC, 38ºC 41ºC and control respectively, the relative humidity in the poultry house is 44.69±2.37%, 41.9±1.21%, 38.43±0.38%, 33.8. Conclusion: There was little or no temperature stability in the non-thermally controlled section of the poultry house, the temperature of the thermally controlled section of the poultry house was found in a close range with low deviation from the preset temperature in the sections.
Jukuri, open repository of the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)

Forest information is needed at global, national and local scales. This review aimed at providing insights of potential of national forest inventories (NFIs) as well as challenges they have to cater to those needs. Within NFIs, the authors address the methodological challenges introduced by the multitude of scales the forest data are needed, and the challenges in acknowledging the errors due to the measurements and models in addition to sampling errors. Between NFIs, the challenges related to the different harmonization tasks were reviewed. While a design-based approach is often considered more attractive than a model-based approach as it is guaranteed to provide unbiased results, the model-based approach is needed for downscaling the information to smaller scales and acknowledging the measurement and model errors. However, while a model-based inference is possible in small areas, the unknown random effects introduce biased estimators. The NFIs need to cater for the national information requirements and maintain the existing time series, while at the same time providing comparable information across the countries. In upscaling the NFI information to continental and global information needs, representative samples across the area are of utmost importance. Without representative data, the model-based approaches enable provision of forest information with unknown and indeterminable biases. Both design-based and model-based approaches need to be applied to cater to all information needs. This must be accomplished in a comprehensive way In particular, a need to have standardized quality requirements has been identified, acknowledging the possibility for bias and its implications, for all data used in policy making.
Acetazolamide as a vasodilatory stimulus in cerebrovascular diseases and in conditions affecting the cerebral vasculature

Received 30 November 2002 Accepted 6 June 2003 Pathologic processes affecting the brain vessels may damage cerebral vasodilatory capacity. Early detection of cerebral dysfunction plays an important role in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases. In recent decades acetazolamide (AZ) has frequently been used for this purpose. In the present work the mechanism of action and the previous studies are reviewed. The authors conclude that AZ tests are useful in cerebrovascular research. Further investigations are recommended to prove how impaired reserve capacity and reactivity influence the stroke risk in patients and whether these tests may indicate therapeutic interventions.
Acupuncture for Chronic PainIndividual Patient Data Meta-analysis

Results: In the primary analysis, including all eligible RCTs, acupuncture was superior to both sham and noacupuncture control for each pain condition (P .001 for all comparisons). After exclusion of an outlying set of RCTs that strongly favored acupuncture, the effect sizes were similar across pain conditions. Patients receiving acupuncture had less pain, with scores that were 0.23 (95% CI, 0.13-0.33), 0.16 (95% CI, 0.07-0.25), and 0.15 (95% CI, 0.07-0.24) SDs lower than sham controls for back and neck pain, osteoarthritis, and chronic headache, respectively; the effect sizes in comparison to noacupuncture controls were 0.55 (95% CI, 0.51-0.58), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.50-0.64), and 0.42 (95% CI, 0.37-0.46) SDs. These results were robust to a variety of sensitivity analyses, including those related to publication bias.
Prevalence of Parascaris equorum in native horses in West Bank Palestine

A total number of 435 fecal samples from native horses, aged between 6 months to 10 years of both sexes, were collected from eight cities at West Bank, Palestine during January 2015 to January 2017. The Mc Master egg counting and sedimentation methods were used for the detection of Parascaris equorum eggs in the collected samples. The overall prevalence rate of Parascaris equorum was found to be 15.6% (68 out of 435), and this rate varied significantly depending on the city. The highest prevalence rate was in Jericho 41.1% followed by Hebron 26.3%, Jenin 19.4%, Qalqilya 19.4%, Tulkarm 12.2%, Nablus 11.8% and Ramallah 5.3%. The results revealed also that there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of Parascaris equorum between male 15% and female 16.5% as well as between young 17.6% and adult 10.9% horses.
Photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin, cephalexin, and tetracycline from aqueous solution: comparison of efficiency in the usage of TiO2, ZnO, or GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles

In this study, effects of a number of parameters such as pH of the solution (3–11), the adsorbent quantity (0.2–4 g L–1), contact time (0–60 min), initial concentration of antibiotics (1–100 mg L–1) and the power of lamp (6 and 18 W) on the removal efficiency of antibiotics with different nano particles were compared. After carrying out the incumbent experiments and analyses, it was determined that pH adjustment had no effect on the UV/GO-Fe3O4 system efficiency. In one hand, it was indicated that the optimal contact times were achieved at 15, 45, and 45 min and the amounts of catalysts were evaluated at 2, 4, and 4 g L–1 for tetracycline, amoxicillin, and cephalexin, respectively. On the other hand, the optimal conditions in the UV-TiO2/ZnO processes were obtained as the ‘catalysts value of 2 g L–1’, ‘antibiotics concentration of 15 mg L–1’, ‘radiation intensity of 18 W’, ‘pH of 5, 7, and 5’, ‘contact time of 15, 45, and 45 min’ for amoxicillin, cephalexin, and tetracycline, respectively. The optimum initial concentration for all three antibiotics was 15 mg L–1 and the maximum removal efficiency occurred at 18 W of ultraviolet radiation. In addition, degradation of tetracycline, a complete removal percentage was achieved for all mentioned catalysts, however, considering amoxicillin and cephalexin, the obtained values were variable and making use of GO-Fe3O4 for amoxicillin and ZnO for tetracycline removal had the maximum removal efficiency (87.1% and 81.8%, respectively). Finally, it was noteworthy to mention that a multitudinous of experiments were conducted to determine the most effective catalysts in the photocatalytic degradation of three types of prevalent antibiotics.
Association Between MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism and Neural Tube Defect Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis

carriage, stillbirth, and neonatal death. Thirty-two pregnancies were identified among 15 women, whose mean age was 30 years. Fourteen, 12, 4, and 2 pregnancies occurred in women with aortiC, mitral, tricuspid, and both aortic and mitral mechanical valves, respectively. Four women chose the LMWHa regimen, 22 chose warfarin, and 6 chose the combination therapy (12%, 69%, and 19%, respectively). Ten adverse maternal events occurred, including 1 maternal death due to intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient receiving the LMWHa regimen. Five hemorrhagic complications (1 in the LMWHa group, 3 in the warfarin group, and 1 in the combination group) were noted, and 1 deterioration of ventricular function occurred in a noncompliant patient receiving the combination regimen. Thrombotic events occurred in 2 women in the LMWHa group and 1 in the combination group. Both patients in the LMWHa group had valve thrombosis, and the patient from the combination group experienced a transient ischemic attack. Miscarriage occurred in 1 LMWHa pregnancy although this was secondary to maternal death. Among patients in the warfarin and combination groups, 17 of 22 (77%) pregnancies and 3 of 6 (50%) pregnancies resulted in miscarriage, respectively. Daily doses of warfarin ranged from 4 to 13mg. In women taking 6-9mg warfarin, the fetal loss rate was 72% in the warfarin group and 25% in the combination group. All women in both groups who took Z10mg warfarin experienced miscarriage. No fetal losses occurred in the study after 20 weeks’ gestation. No anticoagulant is ideal for pregnant women with mechanical heart valves. The data presented in this review are observational, but all women in the LMWHa group had serious maternal adverse events (death, thrombosed valves, hemorrhage), whereas most women receiving warfarin experienced a fetal loss. A multicenter randomized trial should be conducted to provide high-quality evidence. Data obtained from such a study would be important for both patients and physicians who counsel these young women about valve replacement and potential risks for pregnancy.
A MODERN APPLICATION OF HEDONICS: ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF IRRIGATION PERMITS IN SUMTER AND LEE COUNTY, GEORGIA By JULIA BOWMAN BECKHUSEN

IRRIGATION PERMITS IN SUMTER AND LEE COUNTY, GEORGIA By JULIA BOWMAN BECKHUSEN (Under the Direction of Jeffrey D. Mullen) ABSTRACT A Hedonic analysis is used to estimate the value of irrigation permits to agricultural land in the Flint River Basin, Georgia. A moratorium was established in the end of 1999 that prohibited the issuance of new irrigation withdrawal permits. The moratorium created scarcity both with respect to the total number of permits available and to the total amount of irrigation water available for withdrawal. Agricultural land sales taking place both before and after the moratorium are evaluated using the hedonic method. Results suggest that permitted agricultural land sold after the moratorium was sold for $1,535 more per acre more in Lee County and $868 more per acre in Sumter County.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHM IN CLOUD COMPUTING

- "Distributed computing" is a term, which includes virtualization, circulated registering, systems administration, programming, and web administrations. A cloud comprises of a few components, for example, customers, datacenter and dispersed servers. It incorporates adaptation to internal failure, high accessibility, versatility, adaptability, the diminished overhead for clients, the decreased expense of possession, on-request benefits and so forth. Key to these issues lies the foundation of a viable load adjusting calculation. The heap can be CPU load, memory limit, deferral or system load. Burden adjusting is the way toward circulating the heap among different hubs of a conveyed framework to improve both asset use and employment reaction time while likewise maintaining a strategic distance from a circumstance where a portion of the hubs are vigorously stacked while different hubs are inactive or doing next to no work. Burden adjusting guarantees that all the processor in the framework or each hub in the system does around the equivalent measure of work at any moment of time. This procedure can be sender started, collector started or symmetric sort (the blend of sender-started and recipient started types). The objective is to implement various dynamic load balancing algorithm such as Round Robin (RR), Throttled, Equally Spread Current Execution (ESCE) and Shortest Job First (SJF) algorithms with some sample data center loads.
Compositionality as Directional Consistency in Sequential Neural Networks

Sequential neural networks have shown success on a variety of natural language tasks, but through what internal mechanisms they achieve systematic composition-ality crucial to language understanding is still an open question. In particular, gated networks such as Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) are known to signiﬁcantly outperform Simple Recurrent Neural Networks (SRNs). We conduct an exploratory study comparing the abilities of SRNs and GRUs to make compositional generalizations, using adjective semantics as testing ground. Our results demonstrate that GRUs generalize more systematically than SRNs. On analyzing the learned representations, we ﬁnd that GRUs encode the compositional contribution of adjectives as directionally consistent linear displacements. This consistency correlates with generalization accuracy within GRUs, suggesting that it is an effective strategy for deriving more compositionally generalizable representations.
Analysis of user behavior and authorization methods in context of mobile devices security

This article discusses authentication methods for users of mobile devices with touchscreens. The analysis concerns the authentication methods already existing in Android OS and new authorization methods proposed by the authors. Pattern and PIN (Personal Identification Number) lock were compared with two new authentication methods. The time required for entering the key, number of mistakes, number of possible combinations were analyzed.
LANGUAGE AS A SPEECH ACT IN THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER: AN ANALYSIS OF TWO SELECTED APPELLATIONS IN THE CHINESE LANGUAGE

This study examines the use of two respectful forms of appellation on women in the linguistic practice of the Chinese language. One is the male-gendered prefix Sir. and one is the kinship term Big Sister. Drawing on the theory of Speech Act and the theory of Doing Gender, the study analyzes the sociolinguistic meanings of these titles, the typology of women who were addressed to by these titles, and the gendered meanings that both are underlying and underpinning such appellational practice in the daily Chinese language usage. The study shows how these prefixes of appellation, when being used, convey the speakers' coded meaning of gender and underlying intention to frame the addressed women in a particularly gendered role and gendered pattern of social relations. This form of language use thus acts actively in the social construction of gender and gender norms.
Detail Enhancement Algorithm of Infrared Images Based on Superpixel Segmentation

The compression and detail enhancement of infrared images in high dynamic range is helpful to the improvement of the ability of human eyes to obtain key detail information in images. Therefore, it is one of the important research topics in the field of infrared imaging. To solve the problem that the traditional global tone reproduction can not present the detail layer and base layer properly, a scheme for local tone reproduction of infrared images is designed and a method for dynamic range compression and detail enhancement of infrared images based on superpixel segmentation is proposed. Firstly, the superpixel segmentation algorithm is used to segment an original infrared image into multiple self-similar subregions. Then, compression and detail enhancement are implemented for each subregion. The experimental results show that the method can compress and enhance infrared images in high dynamic range more effectively. Moreover, it can preserve the detail information of original images well while compressing images in high dynamic range.