Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neotype Designation for Aedes (Stegomyia) Albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract : Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is one of the most common and widespread species of mosquito throughout Southeast Asia as well as being one of the most important. from a standpoint of disease transmission. It belongs to a group of closely related species which are not easily separated and unfortunately erroneous identifications are not infrequent among collections submitted to us. It seems that many of the records of this species which appear in the literature must be accepted with some reservation. It is hoped that the present study of the subgenus being undertaken by the South East Asia Mosquito Project (SEAMP) will in due course help to clarify the situation. According to Skuse's original description, made from 3 females, the type of albopictus was deposited in the Australian Museum. According to Stone et al. (1959) , the type was in the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. However, enquiries addressed to these and other museums in Australia and elsewhere have failed to show that any type material is still in existence. In view of this it becomes imperative to designate a neotype for this important species. In the present paper a detailed description of this neotype is given. In addition, some diagnostic characters for separating albopictus from closely related species, which have often been misidentified, are also given in order to assist field workers.
An analysis of cis-encoded and trans-encoded sRNA metabolism in Escherichia coli K-12

ESCHERICHIA COLI K-12 by SARAH EVELYN MARSHBURN (Under the Direction of Sidney R. Kushner) ABSTRACT In order to survive, bacteria must be able to adapt and persist in a variety of poor growth conditions. To do this, cells undergo physiological and morphological changes that are influenced by changes in gene expression. Although proteins dominate the regulatory landscape, the identification and functional characterization of small RNAs (sRNAs) in diverse bacterial lineages has shown that sRNAs are widely used as potent effectors of post-transcriptional regulation that mediate and integrate numerous physiological responses. Typically, sRNAs affect, either positively or negatively, the translation and/or stability of their target mRNA(s). It is generally believed that most sRNAs function stoichiometrically, i.e. one sRNA molecule regulates one target mRNA molecule because sRNA:target degradation is coupled. Therefore, sRNA decay is, in some respects, a consequence of function.
Comparison of BCFA types in vernix and meconium of healthy neonates

Background. Branched Chain Fatty Acids (BCFA) are rare in mammalian lipids but are known to be synthesized in the sebaceous gland. They are richest in vernix caseosa, the substance that covers the fetus in late gestation. During pregnancy, the fetus swallows amniotic fluid and with it sloughed vernix particles. We recently reported the presence of BCFA in meconium, the first pass of the neonate. Since vernix and meconium are the input and output, respectively, of the GI tract, we hypothesized that the BCFA profile of the two would be related in some systematic way.
Génération et analyse fonctionnelle d'antagonistes de l'oncostatine m et de l'interleukine-31, cytokines impliquées dans l'inflammation cutanée et le développement tumoral

L'oncostatine M (OSM) et l'interleukine-31 (IL-31), cytokines de la famille de l'IL-6, sont impliquees dans l'inflammation cutanee associee a des pathologies telles que la dermatite atopique ou le psoriasis. Dans une perspective therapeutique, deux premieres etudes sont basees sur la generation d'antagonistes agissant comme des recepteurs solubles et destines a pieger ces cytokines. Afin de disposer d'un nouveau modele d'etude de l'IL-31 in vivo, nous avons egalement identifie et clone cette proteine chez le rat. Dans une derniere etude, nous avons mis en evidence l'implication de l'IL-31 dans le developpement tumoral en demontrant son activite cytostatique sur certaines lignees tumorales, de maniere similaire a l'OSM. Cette etude nous a egalement amenes a analyser les voies de signalisation intracellulaires impliquees dans ces effets anti-tumoraux et nous avons ainsi demontre l'activation d'un nouveau facteur de transcription en reponse a ces deux cytokines.
Comparación de variables fisiológicas entre diferentes tipos de practicantes de ciclismo indoor (CI)

espanolEl ciclismo indoor (CI), es una de las actividades fitness mas practicadas en los centros deportivos espanoles. Igualmente, el ciclismo recreativo es la actividad deportiva mas practicada por los espanoles. Ante esto encontramos un gran numero de usuarios que combinan ambas actividades, por lo que parece de especial interes conocer las diferencias que surgen entre ambos tipos de poblacion. Se estudiaron a 30 sujetos (n=13; solo CI), (n=17; CI y ciclismo de carretera), que practicasen CI desde hace al menos 3 anos, con una frecuencia media de mas de 3 dias por semana. Se han observado diferencias significativas (p EnglishIndoor cycling (IC) is one of the most practiced fitness activities in Spanish fitness centers. Likewise, recreational cycling is the activity most practiced by Spaniards. Because of this, we find many users that combine both activities, so it seems to be interesting to know the differences that have between both types of population. We studied 30 subjects (n = 13; IC only), (n = 17; IC and road cycling), who practiced IC for at least 3 years, with a frequency of more than 3 days per week. Significant differences (p
Assessment of Quality of Life of Hepatitis C Patients Treated By Sovaldi Drug in Viral Hepatitis Treatment Center in Ismailia Fever Hospital, Egypt

Introduction: patients with chronic liver disease are suffering from fatigue, loss of self-esteem, inability to function at work, anxiety, depression, and other emotional problems that profoundly decrease their quality of life and well-being. Objectives: To assess the quality of life of hepatitis C patients receiving Sovaldi drug. To determine most common short-term side effects of Sovaldi containing regimen medication. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Viral Hepatitis Treatment Center Ismailia fever Hospital. Study population was Hepatitis c virus patients treated with regimen containing sovaldi (sovaldi+ribavirin for 12 weeks). Simple random sampling was used to select the subjects included in the study Using sample size ready-made tables, 74 patients were selected to participate in this study where an interviewing questionnaire used to collect the data by 36 RAND questionnaire. Results: About 49% of the patients noticed change in their mode to the worst, and 5% felt depressed to the extent of suicide and about 61% of the patients were having difficulty with sleeping and concentrating. About half of the patients (50%) were having poor role-emotional. the most common short-term side effect were Headache which was the highest (53%) while others as(joint pain-decreasing sexual function-decreasing appetite) followed it. 35.2% were having excellent social functioning during the period of treatment of sovaldi, whereas (about 56.8%) ranging from poor to fair social functioning. Conclusion: the study was carried on 74 patients and the results were controversial as regarding their lifestyle affection, some people got better and others got worse especially those experienced recurrence of the disease. We recommend larger studies with large sample size to detect effectively the life style changes with medication.
The dietary management of inborn errors of metabolism.

: Many inborn errors have now been described that can be treated by alterations in diet. Such treatment requires an understanding of both the biochemistry of the defect and of normal nutritional requirements. The principal strategies are cofactor therapy, steps to prevent accumulation of toxic metabolites and the replacement of essential nutrients that are deficient as a result of the metabolic block. It is essential to make sure that any diet used for more than a brief period is complete and capable of sustaining normal growth and development. The treatment of disorders of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism including organic acidaemias and disorders of the urea cycle and of fat oxidation are discussed.
Infections virales chez les huîtres Crassostrea angulata Lmk. et Crassostrea gigas Th.

Deux infections virales associees a des epizooties ont ete observees chez Crassostrea angulata Lmk. La premiere concerne la maladie des branchies ou les lesions virales sont accompagnees d'une hypertrophie cellulaire alors que. dans la deuxieme. les cellules atteintes sont associees a une degradation du tissu conjonctif. Les necroses branchiales avec presence de virus ont ete recemment a nouveau observees chez des huitres portugaises des gisements naturels de la region de Cadix [Espagne). Par ailleurs. l'etude de mortalites estivales [juillet 1977) de l'huitre Crassostrea gigas Th. a permis de mettre en evidence chez cette espece un virus du meme type que le virus associe aux mortalites massives de l'huitre portugaise. Dans tous ces cas. la morphogenese virale s'effectue a partir d'une plage cytoplasmique, conduisant a des virions de forme icosaedrique d'une taille de 350 nm. Certaines caracteristiques de ces virus ont permis de les rapprocher du groupe des Iridovirus.
Rote Liste und Artenlisten der bodenlebenden wirbellosen Meerestiere

1,244 species out of nine phyla of macrozoobenthos have been evaluated for the Red Lists of invertebrate species in German North Sea and Baltic Sea waters (including the Exclusive Economic Zone). It is evident that the conditions in these marine waters are basically not better than ashore, since human impact like, first of all, demersal fishing and eutrophication as well as impact on coastal water biotopes have led to massive changes in several animal populations. 32 % of all species assessed are found in the Red Lists. However, more than half of these species are extremely rare and therefore assessed as potentially threatened. Altogether data are still insufficient for any trend analysis in more than 36 % of all evaluated 1,244 species (see high share in category „D“). Due to increases in knowledge and specific investigations on selected taxa it is expected that in a few years updated Red Lists can be provided, maybe covering the entire ecosystems of the North and Baltic Seas.
Quantitative Coronary Angiography for Assessment of Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: Comparison to Fractional Flow Reserve

Abstract Objective: To assess intermediate coronary artery lesions by 2D and 3D Quantitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) and compare the results with standard fractional flow reserve (FFR). Background: FFR is the standard for assessment of physiological significance of an intermediate coronary stenosis, but it expensive, sometimes it is unavailable, or limited use by contraindications to adenosine, QCA especially three-dimensional (3D-QCA) can be used as another method to help in assessment of the intermediate coronary lesions. Patients and methods: Thirty two vessels in 30 patients with intermediate coronary lesions were scheduled for FFR, 2D and 3D QCA measurement and the results of QCA were compared and correlated to the obtained from FFR. Results: The studied group included 32 vessels, 24 diabetic patients (75%). 18 hypertensive (56.3%). 20 smokers (62.5%). Mean FFR value was 0.80 ± 0.13. FFR? 0.80 was observed in 18 lesions (56.25%). Lesions severity obtained by 3D-QCA was better correlated to FFR than 2D-QCA. Both 3D area stenosis percent and 3D diameter stenosis percent have comparable correlation in term of accuracy but with better sensitivity for the percent diameter stenosis. 2D-QCA measurements were less correlated to FFR. Conclusion: 3D QCA is better than 2D QCA in assessment of intermediate coronary lesions and it is better correlated with FFR so it may be used in assessment of intermediate coronary lesions, when FFR is unavailable or contraindicated.
A study of genetic diversity among Brassica napus and Brassica juncea germplasm collections using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers.

Brassica species represent a broad range of crops. This reflects the high degree of genetic diversity and related phenotypic plasticity. An understanding of the genetic basis of Brassica diversity aids both breeding and the discovery of rare alleles and traits. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers are popular tools for assessing genetic diversity due to their high degree of polymorphism and their transferability across related species. We have applied public SSR markers to genotype international germplasm collections of B. napus and B. juncea as well as commercial Brassica lines grown in Australia. Results illustrate the genetic relationship between these lines and also provide a measure of the level of genetic uniformity within lines.
Challenge and Opportunity in Improving Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Rice in China

Today, about 30% of world nitrogen (N) fertilizer is consumed by China. Rice crops in China consume about 37% of the total N fertilizer used for rice production in the world. Average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and fertilizer-N use efficiency is low compared with other major rice growing countries. Research progresses have been made internationally and domestically on the application method, fertilizer-N sources, computer-based decision support systems, and real-time N management in order to reduce N losses and increase fertilizer-N use efficiency. In addition to continuous increase in N rate and lack of adoption of new knowledge and technology in N management by farmers, we hypothesize that high indigenous soil N supply, adoption of hybrid and super rice cultivars, improper timing of N application, and practice of mid-season drainage could be the causes for the low fertilizer-N use efficiency in China. Future research work on improving fertilizer-N use efficiency of rice crop in China should focus more on improving cultivar's N responsiveness, optimizing the timing and rate of N application based on crop N status, and achieving optimal soil N supply capacity.
Force and shape coordination in amoeboid cell motility

Cell motility plays an essential role in many physiological and pathological processes, yet we still lack information about the spatio-temporal coordination between regulatory biochemical processes and mechanics of cell migration. This dissertation has investigated the mechanics of amoeboid cell migration through intensive analysis of the traction forces exerted and shapes adopted by single Dictyostelium discoideum cells migrating chemotactically, focusing on wild-type (WT) and contractility-defective cells lacking either protein myosin II (mhcA⁻) or the myosin II essential light chains (mlcE⁻). We have developed an improved traction force cytometry method to calculate cell traction stresses which considers the finite thickness of the substrate. We have shown that the strain energy exerted by locomoting cells on the substrate evolves quasi-periodically and correlates with cell length, and thus it can be used as a quantitative indicator of the cell motility cycle. The periodicity (T) of the oscillations in the traction forces correlates strongly with the average velocity of migration (V) of cells according to the hyperbolic law V T=[lambda], where the constant [lambda] is independent of the strain analyzed and corresponds to the average distance a cell travels per cycle. Given the quasi-periodic character of both cell length and strain energy, we have performed a phase statistical analysis to obtain a spatio-temporal representation of the canonical motility cycle divided into four phases: protrusion, contraction, retraction, and relaxation. This analysis has elucidated the role that protein myosin II plays in enhancing the kinetics of the four stages of the cycle and in controlling the spatial distribution of the traction forces regulating that process. We have used principal component analysis to dissect the mechanics of locomotion of amoeboid cells into a reduced set of dominant components of cellular traction forces and shape changes. The dominant traction force component accounts for 40% of the strain energy performed by these cells, and its temporal evolution correlates with the quasi-periodic variations of cell length and strain energy exerted on the substrate. Finally, we have developed two analytic assays for the calculation of cell traction stresses in configurations of interest to further understand the mechanosensing machinery of cells
Biology of the Grapevine

Preface Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The growing of grapes 2. The grapevine and its relatives 3. The structure of the grapevine: vegetative and reproductive anatomy 4. Developmental physiology: the vegetative grapevine 5. Developmental physiology: flowering and fruiting 6. The cultivated grapevine 7. Genetic improvement of grapevines Index.
The effect of roughage and urea solution infusion levels on ruminal NH3-N concentration and nutrient digestibility in beef cattle and swamp buffaloes.

Four, fistulated, male crossbred cattle and swamp buffaloes were randomly assigned in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. There were four combination dietary treatments; T1) UTS as a roughage and urea infusion at 50 g/h/d (50U), T2) UTS as a roughage and urea infusion at 100 g/h/d (100U), T3) CH as a roughage and urea infusion at 50 g/h/d (50U) and T4) CH as a roughage and urea infusion at 100 g/h/d (100U). Rumen fluid and blood were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4 and 6 h-post feeding and then analyzed for total bacteria and protozoal, NH3-N, VFA and BUN, respectively. It was found that TDMI in buffoloes fed with UTS as a roughage source with both urea solution infusion were highest (P<0.05). While, digestibility of OM was higher in cattle fed with UTS as a roughage and urea solution infusion in both levels, CP, NDF and ADF digestibility were affected by type of roughage (P<0.05). With regards to digestible nutrient intake, the values of OM, CP, NDF and ADF (kg/d) were significantly different among treatments (P<0.05). Higher levels of ruminal pH were found in buffaloes fed with CH as a roughage and urea infusion in both levels (P<0.05). NH3-N concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in buffaloes fed with CH as a roughage and urea in fusion at 100 g/h/d (34.3 mg%) and lower in cattle fed with both roughage sources and urea infusion at 50 g/h/d (20.0 and 23.5 mg%, respectively). TVFA was affected by type of roughage (P<0.05) and urea infusion at 100 g/h/d. Proportion of C2, C3 and C4 were significantly different (P<0.05) among treatments.
Carbohydrate reserves of green needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.) as affected by clipping and fertilization

Nitrogen (N) fertilization and frequent clipping have sometimes reduced grass stands by reducing the carbohydrate reserves. We applied N and imposed clipping treatments to determine their effect on the seasonal variation of total nohstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in stem bases of dryland green needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.) during 1969. Ammonium nitrate was broadcast at 0, 70, and 140 kg of N/ha in November 1968. Green needlegrass was either left unclipped in 1969 or clipped to a 5-cm height five times — May 7 and 28, June 17, July 8 and 29 — at approximately 21-day intervals. A preliminary study showed that live stem bases of green needlegrass contained twice as much TNC as live roots. The coefficient of variation of TNC in live stem bases from individual plants was 20% compared to 37% for live roots. Seasonal variation of TNC in stem bases of clipped and unclipped plants were similar, but clipped plants had a lower TNC content at all sampling dates. The TNC in non-fertilized, unclipped plants decreased from 18 to l4% from growth initiation after winter dormancy (April 5) until after second leaf formation (April 28). The TNC increased after second leaf formation to 19% on May 20 just before boot stage, decreased slightly at heading (May 29) then increased to 18% at first anthesis (June 9). Following first anthesis, TNC decreased to 9% on July 22 just prior to completion of seed dissemination, increased to 19% in late September, decreased to 16% by November. The percentage of TNC in clipped plants was 3 to 5 units lower at all sampling dates and the terminal value in November was 13%. Clipping in 1969 reduced yields significantly in 1970 and tended to reduce yields in 1971Nitrogen increased TNC content of stem bases during mid-July and again in late autumn, apparently as a result of new tiller development and increased photosynthesis. Nitrogen decreased the TNC only from growth initiation until the second leaf formation. Application of N in November 1968 increased yields in 1969, 1970, and 1971. CARBOHYDRATE RESERVES OF GREEN NEEDEEGRASS (Stipa viridula TRIN.) AS AFFECTED BY CLIPPING AND FERTILIZATION by LARRY MELVIN WHITE K' A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Crop and Soil Science
Comparative Study of Inducible and Constitutive Clindamycin Resistance among Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus AureusIsolates.

INTRODUCTION : Staphylococcus aureus is the commonly encountered pathogen isolated from clinical specimens. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)causes variety of human infections resulting in high rate of mortality and morbidity.Clindamycin, lincosamide antibiotic is a good option for clinicians to treat MRSA infections. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : The aim of the study was to screen for MRSA by disc diffusion method with cefoxitin and oxacillin discs and to determine the prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance and constitutive clindamycin resistance in MRSA and compare them. MATERIALS AND METHODS : 200 staphylococcus aureus were isolated from samples like pus, blood, sputum, vaginal swab, urine and body fluids received in microbiology department of Coimbatore Medical College Hospital.They were confirmed by microscopy,culture and biochemical reaction. Then MRSA were detected by disc diffusion test using Cefoxitin (30μg) and Oxacillin(1μg) discs. Clindamycin resistance were detected by performing D-test by placing erythromycin 15μg and clindamycin 2μg discs at 15-20mm interdisc distance. RESULTS : Majority of staphylococcus aureus were isolated from pus samples (87.5%). Staphylococcus aureus was highly sensitive to linezolid (100%) and vancomycin (99%) and 100% resistant to penicillin. Cefoxitin disc detected higher percentage (26%) of MRSA than oxacillin disc (24%). Analysis of clindamycin resistance in 52 (26%) MRSA isolates showed 42.30% of inducible clindamycin resistance, 30.76 % of constitutive clindamycin resistance and 26.92% were sensitive to both erythromycin and clindamycin. CONCLUSION : Detection of MRSA is very important for treating patients and to prevent its spread. MRSA isolates exhibiting inducible clindamycin resistance are seemed to be susceptible to clindamycin in vitro but resistant invivo resulting in treatment failure. So‘D’test is suggested along with routine antibiotic susceptibility testing to detect inducible clindamycin resistance.