Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the reliability and consistency of the "malnutrition inflammation score" (MIS) in Mexican adults with chronic kidney disease for diagnosis of protein-energy wasting syndrome (PEW).

BACKGROUND The protein-energy wasting syndrome (PEW) is a condition of malnutrition, inflammation, anorexia and wasting of body reserves resulting from inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). One way of assessing PEW, extensively described in the literature, is using the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS). OBJECTIVE To assess the reliability and consistency of MIS for diagnosis of PEW in Mexican adults with CKD on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS Study of diagnostic tests. A sample of 45 adults with CKD on HD were analyzed during the period June-July 2014.The instrument was applied on 2 occasions; the test-retest reliability was calculated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC); the internal consistency of the questionnaire was analyzed using Cronbach's αcoefficient. A weighted Kappa test was used to estimate the validity of the instrument; the result was subsequently compared with the Bilbrey nutritional index (BNI). RESULTS The reliability of the questionnaires, evaluated in the patient sample, was ICC=0.829. The agreement between MIS observations was considered adequate, k= 0.585 (p <0.001); when comparing it with BNI, a value of k = 0.114 was obtained (p <0.001). In order to estimate the tendency, a correlation test was performed. The r² correlation coefficient was 0.488 (P <0.001). CONCLUSION MIS has adequate reliability and validity for diagnosing PEW in the population with chronic kidney disease on HD.
Women Directors in English District Health Authorities: Position, Performance and Prospects

This paper reports new research on corporate governance in the NHS, in particular some of the findings concerning the changing position of women directors, together with a consideration of their impact in the boardroom and their prospects for the future. The implications of the findings are considered in terms of policy and its implementation and in terms of boardroom practice and director development. As such, the paper is a further contribution to the debate about the changing role of women in society and their contribution to important institutions of the state.
Effective Tag Recommendation System Based on Topic Ontology Using Wikipedia and WordNet

In this paper, we proposed a novel approach based on topic ontology for tag recommendation. The proposed approach intelligently generates tag suggestions to blogs. In this approach, we construct topic ontology through enriching the set of categories in existing small ontology called as Open Directory Project. To construct topic ontology, a set of topics and their associated semantic relationships is identified automatically from the corpus‐based external knowledge resources such as Wikipedia and WordNet. The construction relies on two folds such as concept acquisition and semantic relation extraction. In the first fold, a topic‐mapping algorithm is developed to acquire the concepts from the semantic of Wikipedia. A semantic similarity‐clustering algorithm is used to compute the semantic similarity measure to group the set of similar concepts. The second is the semantic relation extraction algorithm, which derives associated semantic relations between the set of extracted topics from the lexical patterns between synsets in WordNet. A suitable software prototype is created to implement the topic ontology construction process. A Jena API framework is used to organize the set of extracted semantic concepts and their corresponding relationship in the form of knowledgeable representation of Web ontology language. Thus, Protégé tool provides the platform to visualize the automatically constructed topic ontology successfully.
Ein Druchbruch für "Jedermann"

” New Method Said to Solve Key Problem in Math“ titelte die New York Times am 8. August 2002 und meinte den Nachweis von primes ∈ P, ein bislang großes offenes Problem der algorithmischen Zahlentheorie und theoretischen Informatik. Manindra Agrawal, Neeraj Kayal und Nitin Saxena vom Indian Institute of Technology war es durch einen überraschend eleganten und brilliant einfachen Algorithmus gelungen, die binnen weniger Tage von der Korrektheit überzeugte Fachwelt ins Schwärmen zu versetzen: ” This algorithm is beautiful“ (Carl Pomerance), ” It’s the best result I’ve heard in over 10 years“ (Shafi Goldwasser).
Spin-resolved elastic scattering of electrons from sodium.

Angle-resolved ratios of the separate triplet and singlet spin channel cross sections have been measured for elastic scattering of spin-polarized electrons from optically pumped spin-polarized sodium atoms. The triplet-to-singlet ratios are reported at incident energies of 4.1, 10.0, and 20.0 eV for scattering angles from 20[degree] to 140[degree]. The data demonstrate that spin-exchange scattering plays an important role in the description of electron scattering from sodium at these energies. Comparisons are made with the results of several close-coupling theoretical calculations.
Olig gene function in CNS development and disease

Olig1 and Olig2 encode basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factors that are expressed in both the developing and mature vertebrate central nervous system. While numerous studies have established critical functions for Olig genes during the formation of motor neurons and oligodendrocytes of the ventral neural tube, their roles at later stages of development and in adulthood have remained relatively obscure. Recent studies, however, reveal that in the fetal dorsal spinal cord and neural progenitor cells of the adult brain, Olig expression continues to mark, and may regulate, the formation of oligodendroglia. Studies of Olig expression in human brain tumors and repair of demyelinating lesions suggest the possibility of additional functions in a variety of neurological diseases. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
[The immuno-pathological damage of placenta and its types in pregnancy induced hypertension].

OBJECTIVE To study the immuno-pathological damage to placenta and its types in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS Using immunohistochemical technique (PAP method), authors studied the expression and localization of IgG, IgE, C3, C4, 5-HT on the villous vessels wall in PIH patients (n = 22) and normal pregnant women (n = 10), and observed the pathological changes of placenta with mast cell and connective tissue stain. RESULTS The immunostaining of IgG, IgE, C3, C4, and 5-HT were seen in the wall of villous vessels in PIH patients, the strong positive rate were 100%, 90%, 100%, 100%, 90% in severe PIH patients respectively, accompanied by aggregation of mast cells and lesions of villi and villous arterioles. CONCLUSION The immunological compound reaction and types 1, N of anaphylactic reactions took place in the placenta of PIH patients. It showed that the immunological factors were closely related to PIH.
Passage of digesta through the calf abomasum and small intestine

A considerable amount of data exists on the time taken for food residues to pass through the bovine reticulo-rumen and the whole alimentary tract (Balch, 1961; Campling & Freer, 1960) but little is known of the time taken to pass through the small intestine. Experiments with humans (Mattson, Perman & Lagerl6f, 1960), rats (Goodman, Lewis, Schuck & Greenfield, 1952) and sheep (Hyd6n, 1961) have all suggested small intestine transit times of about 1-2 hr. With milk-fed calves the value was found to be rather greater, about 2-5 hr (Smith, 1963). Although the absorption of some dietary constituents, for which the main site of exchange is the small intestine, may not be greatly influenced by transit time variations [it seems probable, for example, that glucose absorption is so rapid that it would be virtually complete at any normal transit rate (Reynell & Spray, 1956)], the absorption of other, more slowly absorbed, constituents may be limited by the time that they spend in the small intestine. It has in fact been shown for milk-fed calves that net magnesium absorption efficiency is positively correlated with transit time through the small intestine (Smith, 1963). In the present work variations in small intestine transit times have been examined after feeding different diets to ruminating and non-ruminating calves with the possible effects on absorption, particularly magnesium absorption, in mind. Polyethylene glycol (mol. wt. 4000) and phenol red were used as markers. Some information on abomasal emptying has also been obtained.
Long-Term Persistence of Primary Genotypic Resistance After HIV-1 Seroconversion

Primary infection with drug-resistant HIV-1 is well documented. We have followed up patients infected with such viruses to determine the stability of resistance-associated mutations. Fourteen patients who experienced primary infection with genotypic evidence of resistance were followed for up to 3 years. Drug resistance-associated mutations persisted over time in most patients studied. In particular, M41L, T69N, K103N, and T215 variants within reverse transcriptase (RT) and multidrug resistance demonstrated little reversion to wild-type virus. By contrast, Y181C and K219Q in RT, occurring alone, disappeared within 25 and 9 months, respectively. Multidrug resistance in 2 patients was found to be stable for up to 18 months, the maximum period studied. We conclude that certain resistance-associated mutations are highly stable and these data support the recommendation that all new HIV diagnoses in areas where primary resistance may occur should undergo genotyping irrespective of whether the date of seroconversion is known.
Human d-amphetamine drug discrimination: methamphetamine and hydromorphone.

Standard measures of subjective and discriminative effects of drugs were compared in 5 human volunteers. Subjects responded on a second-order color-tracking procedure, where 30 mg of d-amphetamine served as a discriminative stimulus for one response and its absence as the discriminative stimulus for another response. Self-reported subjective effects were assessed concurrently using the single-dose questionnaire, subscales of the Addiction Research Center Inventory, and several analogue rating scales. On different days following discrimination acquisition, varying doses of d-amphetamine, methamphetamine, and hydromorphone were administered. In these test sessions, either response was reinforced. Methamphetamine and d-amphetamine occasioned dose-related increases in d-amphetamine appropriate responding; hydromorphone did not. Methamphetamine and d-amphetamine occasioned dose-related increases in reports of the drug received being most like "speed"; hydromorphone occasioned dose-related increases in reports of the drug received being most like "dope. " All three drugs occasioned dose-related increases in reports of drug liking, and increases in the morphine-benzedrine group, amphetamine, and benzedrine group scales of the Addiction Research Center Inventory. This experiment demonstrated that although explicit discriminative control of behavior by a drug may covary with drug identification, it does not necessarily covary with other self-reported subjective effects. Thus, the complementary nature of the data provided by drug discrimination and standard subjective-effects measures provides quantitative and qualitative data useful in studying both relatively novel compounds and the behavioral biology of psychoactive drugs in general.
Exploring the determinants of cross-boundary information sharing in the public sector: An e-Government case study in Taiwan

This paper explores the complexity of cross-boundary information sharing in the public sector. In particular, determinants influencing interagency information sharing are investigated and discussed, and a case study of Taiwan e-Government is employed. Four perspectives, including technology, organization, legislation and policy, and environment, are used to conduct this exploratory inquiry. Legislation and policy is found to be the most influential factor among government agencies participating in information-sharing initiatives. Organizational factors are also found to be significant, but less so than legislation and policy. Technological factors are considered relatively more easily addressed when compared with legislation and policy and organizational factors. Finally, situational factors are also found to have respective impacts on interagency information sharing. In addition to factors that are discussed in the current literature, newly identified factors are illustrated to provide insights. Moreover, in order to better conceptualize how identified factors determine agencies’ intentions towards cross-boundary information sharing, theory of planned behaviour is used to form a theoretical discussion by integrating the identified factors of the study. Practical implications are also provided to address how cross-boundary information sharing among government agencies can be better achieved. Lastly, the conclusion outlines the contributions and limitations of this research and suggests future studies related to the current work.
ASPECTOS PARA A GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS

Este trabalho avalia a importância estrategica das aguas subterrâneas como manancial para o abastecimento humano. Procura-se demonstrar os volumes comprovadamente superiores das ocorrencias subterrâneas em relacao as aguas superficiais. Sao apresentados os cuidados a serem adotados para a utilizacao sustentavel das estrategicas reservas subterrâneas de agua. A partir dai, apresenta-se uma proposta de diretrizes para o aproveitamento racional dos mananciais subterrâneos, bem como se discute acerca do modelo de gestao integrada das aguas superficiais com as aguas subterrâneas.
An Updated Systematic Review of the Pharmacology of Silymarin

Recent years have seen an explosion of scientific papers that deal with drugs from the fruits of milk thistle and its active substances silymarin (standardized mixture of flavonolignanes), thus justifying an updated systematic review. Methods: Electronic databases identified silymarin, silibinin, silicristin or milk thistle as descriptors in >700 papers (34% published in last 5 years; 92% dealt with animal pharmacological). Only papers adequately reporting on experimental conditions, dosing, variables tested and statistics were analysed. Results: Silymarin was found to modify specifically the functions related to various transporters and receptors located in the cell membranes; that is, organic anion uptake transporter peptides (OATP), ABC transporters (P-gp), bile salt export pump, as well as TNF-a-dependent and possibly selectin-dependent phenomena. In the cytoplasm, some antioxidant properties and the inhibition of the lipoxygenase pathway seem quite selective and could concur to the antitoxic effects. Some effects like the inhibition of inducible nitric-oxide synthase, of nuclear factor κ B, and reduction of collagen synthesis are indicative of DNA/RNAmediated effects. Several studies using ‘in vitro’ and ‘in vivo’ cancer models suggest a potential of silymarin in such diseases. Topical and systemic silymarin has skin protective properties against UV-induced damage in epidermis and causes an up-regulation of tumour-suppressor genes p53- and p21CIP1. There were no data on hepatic viral replication, viremia or spontaneous tumours in the data examined. Conclusions: Data presented here do not solve the question about the complex mechanism(s) of action of the medicinal herbal drug silymarin. Silymarin may be a natural multi-functional and multi-target drug.
A 1V 350μW 92dB SNDR 24 kHz ΔΣ modulator in 0.18μm CMOS

This paper presents a high precision multi-bit audio ΔΣ modulator working under IV supply. We propose a kind of asynchronous 4-bit successive approximation quantizer without fast clock generation. Feed-forward topology with digital summing is adopted to relax the amplifier design requirement. Power efficient single stage OTA is adopted to drive the large sampling capacitor with low power consumption. Fabricated in 0. 18μm standard CMOS, the modulator achieves 92dB SNDR with 24 kHz bandwidth and the power consumption is only 350μW. The active core die area is 0.64mm2.
RSA in the assessment of aseptic loosening.

The introduction and sale of new designs of total joint prostheses have rarely been preceded by evaluation in prospective and controlled series. In some instances, early failure has caused unnecessary suffering to patients and increased costs to society. There is an obvious need for more precise tools which can evaluate new designs of implant as quickly as possible while exposing a minimum number of patients to any risk.
Ca-Calmodulin Binds to the Carboxyl-terminal Domain of Dystrophin (*)

The unique COOH-terminal domain of dystrophin (mouse dystrophin protein sequences 3266-3678) was expressed as a chimeric fusion protein (with the maltose-binding protein), and its binding to calmodulin was assessed. This fusion protein, called DysS9, bound to calmodulin-Sepharose, bound biotinylated calmodulin, caused characteristic changes in the fluorescence emission spectrum of dansyl-calmodulin, and had an apparent affinity for dansyl-calmodulin of 54 nM. Binding in each case was Ca-dependent. The maltose-binding protein does not bind calmodulin, and thus binding resides in the dystrophin-derived sequences. Deletion mutation experiments further localize the high affinity calmodulin binding to mouse dystrophin protein sequences 3293-3349, and this domain contains regions with chemical characteristics found in the calmodulin-binding sequences in other proteins. The COOH-terminal domain provides sites of attachment of dystrophin to membrane proteins, and calmodulin binding may modulate these interactions.
Análisis de las actitudes, De los jóvenes trabajadores del sector textil hacia la discapacidad: diferencias por razón de género

En esta investigacion se estudia el apoyo a la inclusion de trabajadores con discapacidad en el entorno laboral en base al genero, para lo cual se ha elegido una muestra al azar de 123 trabajadores pertenecientes al sector textil de ambos sexos. Se ha utilizado la Teoria del Comportamiento Planeado (TPB) como modelo teorico de referencia. Los resultados alcanzados muestran una tendencia contraria en el entorno laboral a la apreciada en los estudios de Alonso, Navarro y Vicente (2008) y Novo-Corti, Munoz-Cantero y Calvo-Porral (2011) sobre las actitudes de inclusion en el entorno escolar. De los datos analizados podemos deducir que la intencion de apoyo a la inclusion se encuentra condicionada por el control percibido y que la variable genero es una variable relevante para explicarla.
Un système d'aide à la décision multi-agent appliqué au transport

This article presents the modeling of a disturbance on a public transportation line. The suggested model must ensure the synthesis, the evaluation and the update of information available in order to facilitate the task of the operator ensuring the monitoring of the network. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a formal modeling of the concept of disturbance. This modeling makes it possible to capitalize knowledge available within a monitoring station and to ensure the follow-up of the process in real time. We also propose a representation multi-agent of an incident allowing the integration of the processing of a disturbance within the activity of a grid system.
Distribution and activation of different types of octopaminergic DUM neurons in the locust

The first part of this study describes the distribution of all different types of octopaminergic, efferent dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons in the first two thoracic ganglia by immunocytochemistry, retrograde labeling, and intracellular staining. The prothoracic ganglion contains five different types of 10 DUM neurons. The mesothoracic ganglion has 21 octopaminergic somata in the DUM neuron cluster. Retrograde labeling and intracellular staining show that 19 of these 21 somata belong to five different types of efferent DUM neurons. In both ganglia, the number and the distribution of all types of DUM neurons are completely described. Differences in the distribution of efferent DUM neurons between the thoracic ganglia are discussed as functional segmental specializations.
Risk of Stroke in Patients with ESRD.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine absolute and excess stroke risks in people with ESRD compared with the general population. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This cohort study used data linkage between the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and hospital and death records for 10,745 people with ESRD in New South Wales from 2000 to 2010. For the general population, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare hospital usage records and Australian Bureau of Statistics census data were used. Rates and standardized incidence rate ratios of hospitalization with a stroke were calculated. RESULTS People with ESRD had 640 hospitalizations with stroke in 49,472 person-years of follow-up (1294 per 100,000 person-years), and people in the general population had 338,392 hospitalizations with stroke (212 per 100,000 person-years), an incidence rate ratio of 3.32 (95% confidence interval, 3.31 to 3.33). Excess risk was greater for women (incidence rate ratio, 5.14; 95% confidence interval, 5.11 to 5.18) than men (incidence rate ratio, 2.52; 95% confidence interval, 2.51 to 2.54; P for interaction <0.001) and decreased with age. People ages 35-39 years old with ESRD had an 11 times increased risk of stroke (incidence rate ratio, 11.08; 95% confidence interval, 9.41 to 13.05), and risk in people ages ≥85 years old increased 2-fold (incidence rate ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.87 to 2.23; P for interaction <0.001). Excess risk was greater for intracerebral hemorrhage (incidence rate ratio, 4.18; 95% confidence interval, 4.11 to 4.26) than ischemic stroke (incidence rate ratio, 3.43; 95% confidence interval, 3.40 to 3.45; P for interaction <0.01). CONCLUSIONS People with ESRD have a substantially higher risk of stroke, particularly women and young people, and hemorrhagic stroke. Future work could investigate effective and safe interventions for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in people with ESRD.
Population history of northern Vietnamese inferred from nonmetric cranial trait variation

In this study, nine nonmetric cranial traits were recorded for ancient human remains exca- vated at early prehistoric (the late Pleistocene, early Holocene, and Pre-Pottery Neolithic) and late pre- historic (the Neolithic and early Iron age) archeological sites in northern Vietnam. The comparative samples consist of prehistoric and early historic crania from the lower Yangtze River basin, together with recent cranial series from Vietnam, Thailand, South China, and Australia. The results, based mainly on the measure of divergence, are as follows: (1) the early prehistoric northern Vietnam group is distinct from the subsequent inhabitants of northern Vietnam and neighboring populations; (2) the cranial series of northern Vietnam and the surrounding region from the late prehistoric to recent times through early historic period exhibit relative homogeneity, suggesting population continuity; (3) the re- cent Han Chinese from southern China, one of the possible representatives of East Asians, are rela- tively distant from all groups from the prehistoric age onwards; and (4) a clear separation of Aboriginal Australians from all the comparative samples, including the early prehistoric northern Vietnamese, is evident. These findings suggest partial support for the two opposing hypotheses, i.e. the two-layer model and the regional-continuity model, for the population history of Southeast Asians, at least, in the northern Vietnamese region. This may be further compatible with the recent hypothesis for modern human dispersals: an earlier out-of-Africa expansion of Australians than other contemporary Eurasians including Southeast Asians.