Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breed Effects on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and the Levels of Metabolic Hormones in Rabbits Under Heat Stress in Egypt

This study was constructed to investigate the differences between three breeds of rabbits [New Zealand White (NZW), Rex and Egyptian Gabali (Al-Gabali)] under heat stress regarding growth traits, hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers as well as metabolic hormones. Thirty rabbits of each breed (4 weeks of age) were subjected to heat stress (32 ± 1°C, 70-80% relative humidity) in the summer season at the period from mid-July to the end of August 2019. Blood samples were collected at 10th week of age. The results revealed that body weights of NZW and Rex were higher by 205 and 145 g, respectively than those of Al-Gabali as well as average daily gains of NZW and Rex were higher by 4.42 and 3.40 g/day, respectively compared with Al-Gabali (P <0.05). Average daily feed intake of Rex was lower by 7.65 g/day than those of NZW and 2.89 g/day compared with Al-Gabali (P <0.05) and they had the lowest feed to gain ratios (3.58±0.097). Aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatinine were significantly lowered in the plasma of Al-Gabali compared with NZW and Rex whereas, Al-Gabali recorded higher total proteins (5.90±0.048 g/dL), total globulins (2.50±0.054 g/dL), antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (6.38±0.111) and superoxide dismutase (7.42±0.163 IU/L) than NZW (5.66±0.069 g/dL, 2.21±0.084 g/dL, 4.90±0.068 and 6.80±0.053 IU/L, respectively) and Rex (5.74±0.072 g/dL 2.25±0.095 g/dL, 4.25±0.095 and 6.88±0.050 IU/L, respectively). Al-Gabali bunnies had higher immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, catalase and glutathione peroxidase than NZW and Rex. However, Al-Gabali recorded the lowest insulin (15.64±0.20 ng/mL), growth hormone (45.80±0.48 ng/mL) and triiodothyronine (136.20±2.15 ng/mL). In conclusion, Al-Gabali rabbits were better adapted to heat stress compared with NZW and Rex, which was reflected in the improvement of health, immunity and oxidative stress indicators as well as lower plasma metabolic hormones, but they didn't have the genetic potential for growth traits.
The Growth Rate of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta L.) Fed on Reduced Rations

The growth rate of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) is affected by many factors including the size and metabolic requirements of the fish, the water temperature, and the amount of food eaten by the fish. As a result of previous work on feeding and growth, it is now possible to estimate the maximum weight of food eaten in a day and the maximum growth rate of trout in the weight range 5-300 g at both constant and fluctuating temperatures in the range 3.8-19.5? C (Elliott 1975a, b). The chief purpose of the present paper is to investigate the relationship between the growth rate of brown trout and the amount of food eaten in a day. A mathematical model is developed to estimate the daily ration required for different levels of growth ranging from zero to maximum growth rate.
Bakterie kwasu mlekowego (LAB) jako wektory do konstrukcji szczepionek

Lactic acid bacteria are a group of Gram­positive bacteria that include many species, such as Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc and others. They have health benefits such as immunomodulation and production of antimicrobial substances active against gastric and intestinal pathogens and other microbes. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in the use of LAB as mucosal delivery vectors. They represent an attractive alternative for vaccinations employing attenuated bacterial pathogens. In this review, we focused on recent results on the use of lactic acid bacteria as delivery vehicles for heterologous antigens, cytokines, and DNA vaccines. To date, many bacterial, parasitic and viral antigens have been successfully expressed in LAB strains, mainly in L. lactis and Lb. plantarum, and their positive immunological outcomes were documented using mainly mouse model and oral, intragastric or intranasal route of immunization. 1. Characterization of lactic acid bacteria with immunoprophylactic effects. 2. LAB as delivery vehicles for bacterial, parasitic and viral antigens. 2.1. Comparison of administration routes. 2.2. Amount and localization of antigens. 2.3. Comparison of live and killed LAB vaccines – GEM (Gram-positive Enhancer Matrix) particles, 3. LAB as a DNA vaccine. 4. Modulation of immune system. 5. LAB in cancer therapy. 6. Conclusions Słowa kluczowe: antygeny, bakterie kwasu mlekowego, cząstki GEM, immunoprofilaktyka, szczepionka DNA
Organizational Culture and Business Strategy: Connection and Role for A Company Survival

The purpose of the article was 1) to assess the relationship between the organizational culture (OC) type and business strategy (BS); 2) to prove that OC influences the survival strategy success/implementation; 3) to contribute to the expansion of organizational theory by analyzing the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) strategy palette as the basis for developing an effective company survival strategy during the crisis. To achieve the purpose, correlation analysis between OC types (authors' typology) and BS (Boston Consulting Group and Miles & Snow Models) was used (561 employees of different industries participated in the survey; the data collected laid the foundation for the research). As a result, it was proved that 1) certain types of organizational culture correspond to certain types of strategies; 2) during the period when the company overcomes the recession, OC affects strategic innovation decisions; 3) building a sustainable business ecosystem enhances the positive impact. The main limitations of the study are 1) some elements of subjectivity assessment, 2) constant changes in OC and BS, 3) the probability of different subcultures coexistence.Implications for a Central European audience: The results confirmed that there is a need for managers to 1) take into account the organizational culture characteristics/features to implement chosen strategies successfully; 2) be ready to adapt the OC before the BS is approved; 3) adopt the idea that building an innovation ecosystem can be crucial to confront the crisis with confidence.
Laboratory evaluation of insecticidal properties of Ocimum basilicum Linnaeus and O. sanctum Linnaeus plant's essential oils and their major constituents against vector mosquito species

Insecticidal properties of essential oils and major constituents of aromatic plants, Ocimum basilicum Linnaeus and O. sanctum Linnaeus were evaluated against Anopheles stephensi Liston, Aedes aegypti Linnaeus and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) mosquito species under laboratory conditions. The bioassay tests revealed that the essential oil of O. basilicum and its major constituent, methyl chavicol are more effective as compared to O. sanctum. Dosages of 0.003 ml/43.0 cm2 of essential oil and 0.001 ml/43.0 cm2 of methyl chavicol extracted from O. basilicum induced 100 per cent mortality in all the three mosquito species in a period ranging from 10 to 25 minutes. However, in the case of O. sanctum, a dosage of 0.01 ml/43.0 cm2 0f essential oil gave 100 per cent mortality in a period varying from 20 to 60 minutes, whereas its major constituent eugenol induced 100.0 per cent mortality at a much lower dosage of 0.003 ml/43.0 cm2 in 30–35 minutes. The essential oils and their major constituents were more toxic to An. stephensi, followed by Ae. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Since both the plant species grow in wild form in different parts of the country and can easily be cultivated on large scale for the extraction of essential oils and their major constituents, the findings have added significance in as much as they provide promise to use natural insecticides for the control of vector mosquito species.
Trafficking of integral membrane proteins of the inner nuclear membrane can be mediated by the ''sorting motif'' of autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus odv-e66

Trafficking of Integral Membrane Proteins of the Inner Nuclear Membrane Can Be Mediated by the “Sorting Motif” of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus ODV-E66. (August 2005) Shawn T. Williamson, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Max D. Summers The amino-terminal 33 amino acids of the baculovirus integral membrane protein, ODV-E66, are sufficient for localization of fusion proteins to viralinduced intranuclear microvesicles (MV) and occlusion derived virus envelopes during infection, and has been termed the sorting motif (SM). When abundantly expressed, SM-fusions are also detected in the inner nuclear membrane (INM), outer nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of infected cells, suggesting proteins with the SM use the same trafficking pathway as cellular INM proteins to traffic to nuclear membranes. This study identifies the essential characteristics required for sorting of the SM to the INM of uninfected cells, and the MV and ODV envelopes of infected cells. These features are an 18 amino acid transmembrane sequence that lacks polar and charged amino acids (a.a.) with a cluster of charged a.a. spaced 5-11 residues from the end of the transmembrane sequence. A comparison of the a.a. sequence of these SM features with cellular INM proteins shows the features are conserved. The model of INM protein sorting and localization predicts the only known sorting event during INM protein trafficking is immobilization/retention in the INM.
Connecting the circadian clock with chemosensation

Connecting the Circadian Clock with Chemosensation. (May 2011) Abhishek Chatterjee, B.Sc. (Hons.), Presidency College; M.Sc., University of Calcutta Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Paul Hardin Chemoreception is a primitive sense universally employed by organisms for finding and selecting food, rejecting toxic chemicals, detecting mates and offspring, choosing sites for egg-laying, recognizing territories and avoiding predators. Chemosensory responses are frequently modulated based on the internal environment of the organism. An organism’s internal environment undergoes regular changes in anticipation and in response to daily changes in its external environment, e.g., light-dark cycle. A resettable timekeeping mechanism called the circadian clock internally drives these cyclical changes with a ~24 hour period. Using electrophysiological, behavioral and molecular analyses, I tested where and how these two conserved processes, viz., the circadian timekeeping mechanism and the chemosensory pathway, intersect each other at organismal and cellular levels. The presence of autonomous peripheral oscillators in the chemosensory organs of Drosophila, prompted us to test whether chemosensory responses are under control of the circadian clock. I found that local oscillators in afferent (primary) chemosensory neurons drive rhythms in physiological and behavioral responses to attractive and aversive chemical signals. During the middle of the night, high level of G proteincoupled receptor kinase 2 (GPRK2), a clock controlled signaling molecule present in chemosensory neurons, suppresses tastant-evoked responses and promotes olfactory responses. G-protein mediated signaling was shown to be involved in generating optimal response to odorants. Multifunctional chemosensory clocks exert control on feeding and metabolism. I propose that temporal plasticity in innate behaviors should offer adaptive advantages to flies.
Seasonal incidence and bionomics of rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus, 1758), (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Kashmir, India

Rose is the principal flower of the world floriculture industry that is being exclusively used as cut flower, potted plant and garden plant. It plays significant part in numerous industries viz. food, perfumery and cosmetic industries. About 96 % of women’s perfumes contain true Bulgarian rose oil. Roses are well acclimatized in Jammu & Kashmir because of its suitable agro climatic conditions which can permit its large scale production and rose products produced in the state are at par with the international standards. But the aesthetic and commercial value of roses is greatly lowered by numerous insect pests resulting in low yield. However, its major pest include aphid species most notoriously Macrosiphum rosae that pose many challenges and threats to rose plant cultivation. Aphid colonies on roses result in reduction of medical value of the plant and cause economic losses to growers particularly during spring and summer season. In order to reduce the economic losses inflicted by rose aphid, it is necessary to study different biological parameters of this pest species so that an effective management plan can be formulated.
Birds in Ecological Networks: Insights from Bird-Plant Mutualistic Interactions

Summary. Research in ecological networks has developed impressively in recent years. A significant part of this growth has been achieved using networks to represent the complexity of mutualistic interactions between species of birds and plants, such as pollination and seed dispersal. Bird-plant networks are built from matrices whose cells account for the field-sampled magnitudes of interaction (e.g. the number of plant fruits consumed by birds) in bird-plant species pairs. The comparative study of mutualistic networks evidences three general patterns in network structure: they are highly heterogeneous (many species having just a few interactions, but a few species being highly connected), nested (with specialists interacting with subsets of species with which generalists interact) and composed of weak and asymmetric relationships between birds and plants. This type of structure emerges from a set of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms accounting for the probabilistic role of species abundances and the deterministic role of species traits, often constrained by species phylogenies. Although bearing structural generalities, bird-plant networks are variable in space and time at very different scales: from habitat to latitudinal and biogeographical gradients, and from seasonal to inter-annual contrasts. They are also highly sensitive to human impact, being especially affected by habitat loss and fragmentation, defaunation and biological invasions. Further research on bird-plant mutualistic networks should: 1) apply wide conceptual frameworks which integrate the mechanisms of interaction and the responses of species to environmental gradients, 2) enlarge the ecological scale of networks across interaction types and animal groups, and 3) account for the ultimate functional (i.e. demographic) effects of trophic interactions.
Susceptibility of Liriomyza sativae larvae to commercial insecticides and acaricides and its differences among local populations

Pesticide susceptibility of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard was evaluated. Ninety commercial insecticides and acaricides were tested by dipping kidney bean leaves infested with second instar larvae of L. sativae. Thirty-two chemicals including 13 organophosphates and 8 synthetic pyrethroids caused high mortalities of 90% or over. Eight chemicals commercially applicable to L. sativae in domestic fields were also examined for 4 local populations collected from different regions in Japan. Cyromazine, emamectin benzoate, milbemectin and spinosad were highly effective for the all populations. Flufenoxuron and tolfenpyrad showed different insecticidal activities among the populations.
Multiple solvent signal presaturation and decoupling artifact removal in 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance

Abstract The analysis by proton-decoupled carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of samples dissolved in solvents presenting strong multiple resonances can be facilitated by the suppression of these resonances by multisite presaturation. The advantage drawn from this operation is the elimination of the possible artifacts that arise from the solvent signals in non-optimized decoupling conditions. Solvent presaturation was implemented on glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, and 1,3-butanediol with at least 94 % on-resonance efficiency and a bandwidth of less than 50 Hz measured at 50 % signal intensity decrease. The experimental measurement of the signal suppression bandwidth leads to unexpected selectivity profiles for close-frequency resonances. Computer resolution of the Bloch equations during multisite presaturation provide an insight into the origin of the observed profile perturbations.
Consideraciones sobre la sistemática de las familias y los géneros de plantas vasculares endémicos de Chile

El endemismo es uno de los principales aspectos que trata la biogeografia historica y es uno de los criterios mas importantes para establecer las prioridades de conservacion de las especies. En el mundo, mas del 90% de las plantas que se encuentra en alguna categoria de amenaza son endemicas de un solo pais. En Chile, un 45% de las especies de plantas vasculares son endemicas. Actualmente este numero incluye 83 generos y 4 familias endemicas del pais; estos son valores elevados en comparacion con el resto de Latinoamerica. Sin embargo, la alta tasa de cambios producidos por los estudios de sistematica molecular en la taxonomia ha generado modificaciones en estos numeros. Este trabajo pretende discutir dichas modificaciones y asi contribuir a la correcta delimitacion de estos generos endemicos. Utilizando bases de datos y bibliografia actualizadas, se llevo a cabo una revision exhaustiva sobre estos generos. Se sustrajeron de la lista aquellos generos con registros fuera del pais y aquellos que cuentan con evidencia suficiente para cambiar su estatus taxonomico. Se entrega una revision critica de la bibliografia sistematica respecto de los generos en cuestion, discutiendo principalmente aquellos que a la luz de la literatura presentaron ambiguedades en su clasificacion.
Harmful effect of plastic in animals

Very ill effects. if animal consumes plastic they die for sure because of harmful chemicals and polymeric effect of plastic . not only that but they suffer a lot before dying because of poison released from chemicals used to make cheap quality plastic which we use commonly. I believe you can chose this alternatives in place of throwing food in plastic beg. 1) I generally do not left food in my house I examine very carefully how many people are eating and be very specific with quantity if food. It take some times in the beginning but later on with time from last 4 years I did not waste or thro Animals cannot break down plastic in their digestive system and will usually die from the obstruction. Pieces of plastic can also get tangled around animals' bodies or heads and cause injury or death. Water Pollution. Litter in Earth's water supply from consumer and commercial use creates a toxic environment. The water is ingested by deer, fish and a variety of other animals. The toxins may cause blood clotting, seizures or serious medical issues that can kill animals. The toxic water may also kill off surrounding plant life on riverbanks and the bottom of a pond's ecosystem. Harmful Effects of Plastic Waste Disposal. The Effects of Improper Garbage Disposal. How Does Pollution Affect Dolphins? A closer understanding of the harmful effects of plastic will empower us to improve their toxic footprint. Natural organisms have a very difficult time breaking down the synthetic chemical bonds in plastic, creating the tremendous problem of the material’s persistence. A very small amount of total plastic production (less than 10%) is effectively recycled; the remaining plastic is sent to landfills, where it is destined to remain entombed in limbo for hundreds of thousands of years, or to incinerators, where its toxic compounds are spewed throughout the atmosphere to be accumulated in biotic forms throughout the surrounding ecosystems. Unfortunately, because of plastic’s low density, it frequently Plastic pollution has significant adverse effects on humans, animals, plants as well as on the whole environmental system. The causes, effects and solutions to the problem are examined in the following. Audio Lesson. By cleaning up these regions, the sea is released from the harmful effects of plastic compounds. Collections. People may also gather in their communities and make plastic collection events. Plastic pollution is the accumulation of plastic objects and particles (e.g. plastic bottles, bags and microbeads) in the Earth's environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, and humans. Plastics that act as pollutants are categorized into micro-, meso-, or macro debris, based on size. Plastics are inexpensive and durable, and as a result levels of plastic production by humans are high. However, the chemical structure of most plastics renders them resistant to many natural processes
EDGE DETECTION FOR FOOTPRINT USING DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM

Image processing and analysis based on the Continuous or Discrete Image Transforms are classic techniques. Amongst these, Discrete Image Transform is widely used in image filtering, data description, etc. Also, the Wavelet Theorem makes up very popular methods of image processing, de-noising and compression. Considering that the Haar functions are the simplest wavelets, these forms are used in many methods of Discrete Image Transforms and processing. In this article, it has been shown how the proper implementation of Discrete Wavelet Transform using Haar functions can be beneficial in extracting the edges of a processed sample footprint thus required in a Footprint Analysis Program for crime detection.
Influence of Fungal Treated and Urea Treated Wheat Straw on Nutrient Utilization in Calves

Wheat straw treated with 3% urea, 1% single super phosphate, 0.1% CaO, 65% moisture and 2% millet spawn of Coprinus fimetarius fungus was iscubated at 35°-45°C for 2 wks in 6kg capacity perforated polyethylene bagss The bags were opened dhen the fungal mycelial growth was profuse, and the wee tungal lreated straw (FTS) was dried in the shaded Another lot of wheat straw was treated with urea (UTS) in the same manner, without the fungal spawn and incubated for Im. Eight Karan fries (Tharparkar x Holstein Friesian) male calves (10-12 m; 120-130 kg) were eivided randomly into 2 equal groups and fed either FTS ad lib and 400 gm groundnut take (A))o UTS ad lib and 585g groundnut cake (B) for 20d. The chemical composition of treated straw revealed a slight increase in CP as well as hemicellulose and slight dicrease in ADF in FTS aa sompared to UTS. Total DM intake (kg/100 kg body weight) and DM and ADF digestibilities (%) were ssgnificantly (P<0.05))ower in A than B. The TDN values determined by the method of difference, were 39.66 and 42.00% in FTS and UTS, respectively. Although, the N iitake throogh groundnut cake was reduced by 30% in FTS diet, the N retention on two diets was similar. The results indikated that tn comparison to UTS, the FTS showed enhanced protein values but trduccd DM digestibibity and TDN values.