Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explore Truthful Incentives for Tasks with Heterogenous Levels of Difficulty in the Sharing Economy

Incentives are explored in the sharing economy to inspire users for better resource allocation. Previous works build a budget-feasible incentive mechanism to learn users' cost distribution. However, they only consider a special case that all tasks are considered as the same. The general problem asks for finding a solution when the cost for different tasks varies. In this paper, we investigate this general problem by considering a system with k levels of difficulty. We present two incentivizing strategies for offline and online implementation, and formally derive the ratio of utility between them in different scenarios. We propose a regret-minimizing mechanism to decide incentives by dynamically adjusting budget assignment and learning from users' cost distributions. Our experiment demonstrates utility improvement about 7 times and time saving of 54% to meet a utility objective compared to the previous works.
Abstract Program Visualisation: Object Orientation in the Tarraingim Program Exploratorium

Program visualisation uses computer graphics and animation techniques to produce pictures illustrating the dynamic behaviour of a running computer program. Most program visualisation systems display either language-level details of programs or high-level overviews of the program's algorithm. This thesis investigates the use of abstraction in program visualisation. The goal of the project was to find techniques which could produce displays of programs at all levels of abstraction, and which would not require a large amount of information about the implementation of the program to be visualised. Based upon analyses of program visualisation and abstraction in programming, a model of abstract program visualisation is developed. This model uses object orientation to explicitly represent abstractions in the programs to be visualised. An object oriented framework for the design of an interactive program visualisation system (a program exploratorium) is developed based upon this model. This framework is used to construct Tarraingim, a prototype program exploratorium, as a proof of concept for the model. Tarraingim produces multiple views of object oriented programs at multiple levels of abstraction, by invisibly monitoring the programs' execution and using the information gathered to control graphical animations. Tarraingim is written in the SELF programming language, and visualises programs written in that language. A series of examples is presented to illustrate Tarraingim in action.
Plant Growth Promoting Activity of Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph-Methylobacterium extorquens MM 2 on Lycopersicon esculentum L .

Article history: Received on: 30/09/2016 Revised on: 14/10/2016 Accepted on: 09/11/2016 Available online: 20/01/2017 Pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) are diversified group of microorganisms that promote plant growth by producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins. The objective of the present study is to isolate and characterize methylotrophic bacteria from the phyllosphere of mustard plant (Brassica niagra) and to study their plant growth promotion in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). Bacteria were isolated from the phyllosphere and the conserved mxaF gene sequence was amplified. Production of IAA was determined by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and further quantified by spectrophotometric analysis. Effect of seed bacterization with the bacterial isolate MM2 was studied for percentage seed germination, root and shoot length. Based on NCBI BLAST search of the mxaF sequence obtained, the bacterial isolate was identified as Methylobacterium extorquens MM2. The amount of IAA produced by M. extorquens MM2 was 6.16 μg/ml. M. extorquens MM2 significantly increased seed vigour index (SVI) in tomato plants. The SVI of the treated plant was 1462.56 ± 83.96 as compared to the control, 1019.94 ± 113.61. Foliar application of M. extorquens MM2 also contributed a substantial impact on growth of tomato plant. The bacterial isolate M. extorquens MM2 thus can be employed in the crops for sustainable agriculture.
The use of wavelet transform as a preprocessor for the neural network detection of EEG spikes

In this study, the wavelet transform is used to process EEG data as input to a feed forward neural network for the detection of epileptogenic transient waveforms. The compression capability of wavelet transform provided the inclusion of data before and after the spike for contextual information without increasing input size of the neural network. The network is trained for the detection of spikes and non-spikes. The results show that wavelet transform can be used to provide more relevant information for improving the detection of epileptogenic spikes for automated EEG monitoring of seizure patients. <<ETX>>
G-protein-coupled receptor signaling through Gpr 176 , Gz , and RGS 16 tunes time in the center of the circadian clock

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute an immensely important class of drug targets with diverse clinical applications. There are still more than 120 orphan GPCRs whose cognate ligands and physiological functions are not known. A set of circadian pacemaker neurons that governs daily rhythms in behavior and physiology resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain. Malfunction of the circadian clock has been linked to a multitude of diseases, such as sleeping disorders, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, which makes the clock an attractive target for drug development. Here, we review a recently identified role of Gpr176 in the SCN. Gpr176 is an SCN-enriched orphan GPCR that sets the pace of the circadian clock in the SCN. Even without known ligand, this orphan receptor has an agonist-independent basal activity to reduce cAMP signaling. A unique cAMP-repressing G-protein subclass Gz is required for the activity of Gpr176. We also provide an overview on the circadian regulation of G-protein signaling, with an emphasis on a role for the regulator of G-protein signaling 16 (RGS16). RGS16 is indispensable for the circadian regulation of cAMP in the SCN. Developing drugs that target the SCN remains an unfulfilled opportunity for the circadian pharmacology. This review argues for the potential impact of focusing on GPCRs in the SCN for the purpose of tuning the body clock.
Pruning DOM Trees for Structured Document Processing

PSD (Programmable Structured Document) is a framework in which structured documents are edited eﬃciently and safely by evaluating embedded expressions in themselves. The PSD processing system we are currently developing requires an external evaluator to get the DOM data of documents held in the editor. In this work, a method to prune DOM trees is proposed to improve the performance of document manipulations by avoiding unnecessary data communication between the editor and the external evaluator. Based on information about references given by the user, it generates a pruned DOM tree, eliminating unnecessary parts for the evaluation from the original DOM tree. The mechanism of tree pruning is explained and its eﬃciency is evaluated using examples.
Extração de informação de artigos científicos: uma abordagem baseada em indução de regras de etiquetagem

This dissertation is part of a project of a tool named FIP (an Intelligent Tool for Research Supporting). FIP is a tool for retrieval, organization, and mining large document collections. In the context of FIP diverse techniques from Information Retrieval, Data Mining, Information Visualization, and particularly Information Extraction, focus of this work, are used. Information Extraction systems deal with unstructured data looking for specific information in a document or document collection, extracting and structuring them in order to facilitate their use. The specific objective presented in this dissertation is automatically to induce a set of rules for information extraction from scientific articles. The proposed extraction system initially analyzes and extracts information from the body of the articles (heading, authors, affiliation, abstract, and keywords) and then extracts information from each reference in its bibliographical references. The proposed approach for information extraction from references is a new technique based on the strategy of part-of-speech tagging. As the outcome of the extraction process, a database with extracted and structured information in XML format is made available for the FIP or any other application. The system has been evaluated using measures of Precision, Recall and F-measure, reaching good results compared to similar systems.
On Cognition and Inference of Spatial Dimension in Korean

This paper examines the aspects of the inferences between the dimensional terms in Korean, and tries to give an account of the inference patterns based on the interaction of gestalt and position properties of spatial objects. Basically following Lang (1989), I advance the idea that the inference is a systematic process to change the contextually induced positional specifications, and propose some modifications and extensions.
Logical Foundations for Data Interlinking with Keys and Link Keys

Both keys and their generalisation, link keys, have been proposed as a means to perform data interlinking, i.e. finding identical resources in different RDF datasets. However, the usage of keys and link keys for data interlinking has not been formalised yet. This is necessary to ensure the correctness of data interlinking tools based on keys or link keys. Furthermore, such a formalisation allows to understand the differences between keys and link keys and to pin down the conditions under which keys and link keys are equivalent. In this paper, we first formalise how keys can be combined with ontology alignments for data interlinking. Then, we extend the definition of a link key by giving the formal semantics of six kinds of link keys: weak, plain and strong link keys, and their inand eq-variants. Moreover, we establish the conditions under which link keys are equivalent to keys. Finally, we logically ground the usage of these link keys for data interlinking and show that data interlinking with keys and alignments can be reduced to data interlinking with link keys, but not the other way around.
Research on Seismic Performance of a Separated Structure System

In order to compare the seismic performance of a separated structure (SS) system with a rigid steel-frame structure (RS), the dynamic responses of both them were calculated using the dynamic elastoplastic analysis method and the static elastoplastic analysis method (Pushover). Through the investigation of the displacement, acceleration response and capacity curve, the dynamic response laws were obtained. Studies show that the natural vibration frequency of the SS is larger than that of the RS, which indicates that the former has a higher lateral stiffness than the latter. Under the same ground motion, the maximum displacement in the SS is smaller than the RS , indicating that the braces in SS control effectively the lateral deformation of the structure; the braces make the deformation of the structure more uniform; the plastic hinges of the SS are mostly concentrated in the bottom two floors, and even with the full section yielding of beams and braces, it can still resist a certain level of horizontal load, indicating that this SS system has a strong safety reserve.
Title Agent Based Simulation for Knowledge Management

Knowledge Management is the collection of processes that govern the creation, dissemination, sharing, and utilization of knowledge. The voluntary sharing of knowledge by individuals is a key element in the implementation and success of any knowledge management endeavor. Having gradually recognized this, the knowledge management community has theorized, examined, and implemented various incentive structure to promote knowledge sharing and systems use in organizations. The central question in the theory and practice of knowledge management in order to voluntary sharing of knowledge is why should a knowledge worker contribute to the shared knowledge of the organization if the cost of so doing for the individual is higher than its benefits? This paper discuss about process of knowledge sharing which use agent based simulation to analyze factors that influenced those process. The advantage and the usefulness of this simulation model are to look a dynamical interaction process between agents and to trace the behavior of agents in the given condition.
MAC Protocols for WSN : Application-Centric Design and Analytical Models by Kazi Ashrafuzzaman

The phenomenon of wireless sensor network (WSN) has evolved as a networking paradigm with a number of distinguished attributes. Significant research effort in WSN has had to do with appropriate protocols that enables the system to achieve high-performance, and medium access control (MAC) stands out at the center of this. In this thesis, we explore MAC protocol landscape for WSN from two perspectives. First, from the viewpoint of design issue, we observe that despite certain commonalities in terms of the desired features in the protocols being devised, it is precisely the nature of intended applications that decides down the line the design goals and the effective performance of a particular protocol. Having made this case in ligh of the existing works, we present the preliminary design of a reservation-TDMA based MAC protocol that respects such QoS requirements as criticality (priority) as well as accommodates traffic heterogeneity, with such medical usage as patient monitoring being the representative application domain. For design efficiency, it exploits certain system properties presumably to come with the targeted applications – specifically, in terms of network topology (centrally controlled, single hop) and traffic characteristics (upstream traffic, periodically predictable). Secondly, when it comes to designing contention based protocols for energy-constrained wireless networks, a fundamental priority in is to maintain the power consumed by the transceiver low while retaining higher efficiency in data communication performance. This becomes relatively easy to achieve in a centralized network dealing mostly with uplink traffic. The slotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) adopted in the contention access period of the MAC part of the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard illustrates such design. We analytically approach to investigate the behavior of this class of protocols. Specifically, we develop an analytical model to study such performance measures as throughput, mean access delay and energy consumption at the MAC layer, and the analysis is validated
QBO and QTO of atmospheric trace elements nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons: An update

An analysis of N2O (nitrous oxide) and CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) concentrations (monthly values) at various locations during 1978-2001 indicated seasonal variations. When these were minimized by calculating 12-month running means (12m) and 3-year running means (37m) were subtracted from 12m, the residues (12m-37m) showed oscillations with peak spacings in the QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation, 2-3 year) and in the QTO (quasi-triennial oscillation, 3-4 year) regions. The QBO at high northern latitudes roughly resembled the QBO of stratospheric low latitude winds and the QTO at low latitudes resembled the QTO of ENSO (El Niño/Southern oscillation). Key words – QBO, QTO, ENSO, Chlorofluorocarbon.
Exploring the Development of Research, Technology and Business of Machine Tool Domain in New-Generation Information Technology Environment Based on Machine Learning

The combination of new-generation information technology and manufacturing technology has had in a significant and profound impact on the future development paradigm of manufacturing. Machine tools are the basis of virtually everything that is manufactured in the industry, exploring the development of the machine tool domain is of considerable significance to identify the opportunity to develop manufacturing industry and promote the sustainable development of manufacturing in the current tightening constraints of resource environment. Although much attention has been paid to development studies of a specific domain in recent years, it is challenging to conduct a multidimensional study related to the development status of the machine tool domain using existing methods. To solve this challenge, we propose an integrating framework combining topic models, bibliometric, trend analysis and patent analysis to mine multi-source literature within the machine tool domain, including papers, funds, patents, and news. Specifically, papers and funds provided two different perspectives to explore the development status in the research of machine tools. Furthermore, the technology development of machine tools was investigated through patents analysis. Finally, news related to the machine tool industry in recent years was analyzed to examine business focuses on machine tools. The integration of above various analytical methods and multi-dimensional mining of literature enabled analyzing the development of the machine tool domain systematically from multi-perspectives that include research, technology development and industry to provide inspirations about the implications of sustainable development of this domain. The conclusions obtained in this paper is beneficial to different communities of machine tools, in terms of determining the research directions for researchers, identifying industry opportunities for corporations and developing reasonable industry policy for policy makers.
yster ( Ostrea edulis ) extirpation and ecosystem transformation in the Firth of orth , Scotland uth

Marine inshore communities, including biogenic habitats have undergone dramatic changes as a result of exploitation, pollution, land-use changes and introduced species. The Firth of Forth on the east coast of Scotland was once home to the most important oyster (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) beds in Scotland. 19th and early 20th century fisheries scientists documented the degradation and loss of these beds, yet transformation of the wider benthic community has been little studied. We undertook archival searches, ecological surveys and shell community analysis using radioisotope dated sediment cores to investigate the history of decline of Forth oyster beds over the last 200 years and the changes to its wider biological communities. Quadrat analysis of the present day benthos reveal that soft-sediment communities dominate the Firth of Forth, with little remaining evidence of past oyster beds in places where abundant shell remains were picked up by a survey undertaken in 1895. Queen scallops (Aequipecten opercularis Linnaeus, 1758) and horse mussels (Modiolus modiolus Linnaeus, 1758) were once common within the Forth but have also markedly decreased compared to the earlier survey. Ouranalyses of shell remains suggest that overall mollusc biomass and species richness declined throughout the 19th century and early 20th century, suggesting broader-scale community change as human impacts increased and as habitats degraded. Inshore communities in the Firth of Forth today are less productive and less diverse compared to past states, with evidence suggesting that most of the damage was done by early bottom trawling and dredging activities. Given the pervasive nature of intensive trawling over the past 150 years, the kind of degradation we document for the Firth of Forth is likely to be commonplace within UK inshore
Dimensions of MOOCs for Quality Design : Analysis and Synthesis of the Literature

Designing Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) involve new challenges for instructional designers. In particular, the unknown number of participants and the range of diverse needs are major sources of difficulty. Currently, there is little research available informing the quality of MOOC design in order to support learners' active engagement. A theoretical MOOC design model has not yet been defined from a pedagogical or technological perspective. This study comprises an analysis of the current MOOC-related literature with a particular focus on the course design of MOOCs. Synthesizing the findings of previous studies, important and common design dimensions are highlighted for future course design. Accordingly, the taxonomy of MOOC types is first analyzed and then followed by an investigation of the design framework. Notable results include the critical elements of MOOC design across unique MOOC learning environments, from the basic structure of MOOCs to those incorporating innovative technological affordances.
Content and Eigenvector Centrality-Based Music Classification Algorithm

With the rapid development of Internet and the improvement of the storage techniques, more and more music resources are gotten, and correspondingly their classification becomes an important issue. Up to now, three main classification methods have been proposed, which are Tag-based approach, content-based approach and the methods based on machine learning. Although these approaches have been analyzed and compared based on the music features; there are still no deep researches on the intrinsic relationship between the music. This paper focuses on this issue and presents a novel music classification algorithm based on both the music content and the critical eigenvector centrality. Firstly, the new algorithm extracts the MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient) and Rhythm features of music, and then the K-Means algorithm is used to cluster these features. As a result, K-cluster centers are generated. Correspondingly, the music network using similarity relations can be constructed. At last, the music network is analyzed by using a graph-based eigenvector centrality and the music classification is completed by joint considering the K-cluster centers. Moreover, experiments are provided to evaluate the new proposed classification algorithm, and its performance is also compared with the conventional content-based classification algorithm. The results show that the new music classification algorithm is more reasonable to satisfy the needs of most of users.
Defining negotiation process methodologies for distributed meeting environments

In an effort to facilitate the changes that occur during the life cycle of large scale engineering projects, the Da Vinci initiative was put forth. An integral part of the Da Vinci initiative is the CAIRO (Collaborative Agent Interaction control and synchROnization), a system designed to conduct distributed meetings using the Internet, saving time and monetary expenses incurred due to organizing and travelling to in-person meetings. In order to make these distributed meetings as productive as possible, this research sought to define meeting processes that are common to physical face-to-face meeting environments. Meeting processes were defined through literature reviews, and through observations of a distributed class conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The research yielded the five meeting process definitions: brainstorms, colloquia, debates, discussions, and presentations. Once these processes were defined, the concepts of an agenda, a means for creating and editing an agenda, and wizards to translate process definitions into agendas were all encoded into the CAIRO system. With the newly added features of agendas and process definitions, the CAIRO system now has a more directed focus towards organized meetings and is better able to support productive distributed meetings. Thesis Supervisor: Feniosky Pefia-Mora Title: Assistant Professor Defining Negotiation Process Methodologies for Distributed Meeting Environments May 22, 1998 pg. 2