Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamical aspects of gravity: new insights

The fact that one can associate thermodynamic properties with horizons brings together principles of quantum theory, gravitation and thermodynamics and possibly offers a window to the nature of quantum geometry. This review discusses certain aspects of this topic, concentrating on new insights gained from some recent work. After a brief introduction of the overall perspective, sections 2 and 3 provide the pedagogical background on the geometrical features of bifurcation horizons, path integral derivation of horizon temperature, black hole evaporation, structure of Lanczos–Lovelock models, the concept of Noether charge and its relation to horizon entropy. Section 4 discusses several conceptual issues introduced by the existence of temperature and entropy of the horizons. In section 5 we take up the connection between horizon thermodynamics and gravitational dynamics and describe several peculiar features which have no simple interpretation in the conventional approach. The next two sections describe the recent progress achieved in an alternative perspective of gravity. In section 6 we provide a thermodynamic interpretation of the field equations of gravity in any diffeomorphism invariant theory and in section 7 we obtain the field equations of gravity from an entropy maximization principle. The last section provides a summary.
Effects of Androgen on Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Target Organs

The connection between salt and hypertension is well documented,as is the damage it causes to target organs.Less well known is that androgen has a significant impact on salt-sensitive hypertension and target organ damage;in animal experiments it can improve blood pressure in salt-sensitive hypertension and promote cardiac hypertrophy.This review summarizes investigations that focus on the effects of androgen in salt-sensitive hypertension and target organ damage.
Energy growth of three-dimensional disturbances in plane Poiseuille flow

The development of a small three-dimensional disturbance in plane Poiseuille flow is considered. Its kinetic energy is expressed in terms of the velocity and vorticity components normal to the wall. The normal vorticity develops according to the mechanism of vortex stretching and is described by an inhomogeneous equation, where the spanwise variation of the normal velocity acts as forcing. To study specifically the effect of the forcing, the initial normal vorticity is set to zero and the energy density in the wavenumber plane, induced by the normal velocity, is determined. In particular, the response from individual (and damped) Orr–Sommerfeld modes is calculated, on the basis of a formal solution to the initial-value problem. The relevant timescale for the development of the perturbation is identified as a viscous one. Even so, the induced energy density can greatly exceed that associated with the initial normal velocity, before decay sets in. Initial conditions corresponding to the least-damped Orr–Sommerfeld mode induce the largest energy density and a maximum is obtained for structures infinitely elongated in the streamwise direction. In this limit, the asymptotic solution is derived and it shows that the spanwise wavenumbers at which the largest amplification occurs are 2.60 and 1.98, for symmetric and antisymmetric normal vorticity, respectively. The asymptotic analysis also shows that the propagation speed for induced symmetric vorticity is confined to a narrower range than that for antisymmetric vorticity. From a consideration of the neglected nonlinear terms it is found that the normal velocity component cannot be nonlinearly affected by the normal vorticity growth for structures with no streamwise dependence.
Lattices, MEbius Functions and Communication Complexity

In a recent paper, Hajnal, Maass and Tura'n analyzed the communication complexity of graph connectivity. Building on this work, we develop a general framework for the study of a broad class of communication problems which has several interesting special cases including the graph connectivity problem. The approach is based on combinatorial lattice theory.
Recommandations pour la pratique clinique Rupture prématurée des membranes Antibiothérapie anténatale et perpartum en cas de rupture prématurée des membranes

L’étiologie de la rupture prématurée des membranes (RPM) est multifactorielle, mais l’infection joue un rôle important dans cette pathologie [1-5]. Elle est fréquemment la cause de la rupture mais elle joue également un rôle important dans les conséquences de la rupture en termes de santé. Les complications liées à la RPM et à l’infection (comme cause ou conséquence) sont maternelles (morbidité infectieuse) et périnatales (prématurité et/ou infection). Le but des antibiotiques est de réduire le risque de ces complications. Sur le plan périnatal les antibiotiques pourraient être bénéfiques par deux mécanismes.
Euclidean scalar Green's functions near the black hole and black brane horizons

We discuss approximations of the Riemannian geometry near the horizon. If a (D + 1)-dimensional manifold has a bifurcate Killing horizon then we approximate by a product of the two-dimensional Rindler space and a (D − 1)-dimensional Riemannian manifold . We obtain approximate formulae for scalar Green's functions. We study the behavior of the Green's functions near the horizon and their dimensional reduction. We show that if is compact then the Green's function near the horizon can be approximated by the Green's function of the two-dimensional quantum field theory. The correction term is exponentially small away from the horizon. We extend the results to black brane solutions of supergravity in 10 and 11 dimensions. The near-horizon geometry can be approximated by . We discuss the Euclidean Green's functions on and their behavior near the horizon.
Radial symmetry of positive solutions involving the fractional Laplacian

The aim of this paper is to study radial symmetry and monotonicity properties for positive solution of elliptic equations involving the fractional Laplacian. We first consider the semi-linear Dirichlet problem (-\Delta)^{\alpha} u=f(u)+g,\ \ {\rm{in}}\ \ B_1, \quad u=0\ \ {\rm in}\ \ B_1^c, where $(-\Delta)^\alpha$ denotes the fractional Laplacian, $\alpha\in(0,1)$, and $B_1$ denotes the open unit ball centered at the origin in $\R^N$ with $N\ge2$. The function $f:[0,\infty)\to\R$ is assumed to be locally Lipschitz continuous and $g: B_1\to\R$ is radially symmetric and decreasing in $|x|$. In the second place we consider radial symmetry of positive solutions for the equation (-\Delta)^{\alpha} u=f(u),\ \ {\rm{in}}\ \ \R^N, with $u$ decaying at infinity and $f$ satisfying some extra hypothesis, but possibly being non-increasing. Our third goal is to consider radial symmetry of positive solutions for system of the form (-\Delta)^{\alpha_1} u=f_1(v)+g_1,\ \ \ \ & {\rm{in}}\quad B_1,\\[2mm] (-\Delta)^{\alpha_2} v=f_2(u)+g_2,\ \ \ \ & {\rm{in}} \quad B_1,\\[2mm] u=v =0,\ \ \ \ & {\rm{in}}\quad B_1^c, where $\alpha_1,\alpha_2\in(0,1)$, the functions $f_1$ and $f_2$ are locally Lipschitz continuous and increasing in $[0,\infty)$, and the functions $g_1$ and $g_2$ are radially symmetric and decreasing. We prove our results through the method of moving planes, using the recently proved ABP estimates for the fractional Laplacian. We use a truncation technique to overcome the difficulty introduced by the non-local character of the differential operator in the application of the moving planes.
The possibility of radiotherapy as downstaging to living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) are difficult to manage with very poor survival and due to universal recurrence after liver transplantation, they have been excluded from indication. Conformer radiation therapy (RT) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of HCC but only few trials have been reported as bridge to liver transplantation (LT) in HCC with PVTT. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the possibility of applying living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) following successful downstaging using RT in advanced HCC with PVTT. Among 1360 patients who received LT at our institution between May 1996 and March 2013, 5 received RT and they were compared with a propensity score matched group of 10 patients receiving RT alone according to sex, age, tumor size and number, dose of RT, level of AFP and location of PVTT. Objective tumor response after RT was evaluated with CT and/or MRI according to modified RECIST criteria. There is no difference in clinical characteristics between both groups. Two recipients showed disease progression, but in RT alone group, all patients are shown tumor ingrowths or intra-, extra-hepatic metastasis. LDLT following RT group's OS was 1055 days and that of RT alone group's was 367 days with significant statistically difference. Conclusion: LDLT following RT can be treatment of choice for PVTT in selective patients like solitary HCC with below Vp3 PVTT and good tumor response, and we suggest that this warrants further testing in a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial. And when doing bile duct anastomosis in RT recipients, hepaticojejunostomy was recommended to prevent biliary complication. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Courant-sharp eigenvalues of the three-dimensional square torus

In this paper, we determine, in the case of the Laplacian on the at three-dimensional torus ( R=Z) 3 , all the eigenvalues having an eigenfunction which satises the Courant nodal domains theorem with equality (Courant-sharp situation). Following the strategy of A. Pleijel (1956), the proof is a combination of an explicit lower bound of the counting function and a Faber{Krahn-type inequality for domains on the torus, deduced, as in the work of P. B erard and D. Meyer (1982), from an isoperimetric inequality. This inequality relies on the work of L. Hauswirth, J. Perez, P. Romon, and A. Ros (2004) on the periodic isoperimetric problem.
Diffractive W and Z production at the Fermilab Tevatron

We report on a measurement of the fraction of events with a W or Z boson produced diffractively in antiproton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV, using data from 0.6 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected with the CDF-II detector equipped with a Roman-pot spectrometer that detects the antiproton (pbar) from pbar+p --> pbar+[X+W/Z]. We find that (0.97 +/- 0.11)% of Ws and (0.85 +/- 0.22)% of Zs are produced diffractively in a region of (anti)proton fractional momentum loss (\xi) of 0.03 pbar+Z+p. No signal is seen above background for these processes, and comparisons are made with expectations.
Propagation of Dust Acoustic Solitary Waves in Saturn F-ring's Region

Effect of hot and cold dust charge on the propagation of dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) in unmagnetized plasma having electrons, singly charged ions, hot and cold dust grains have been investigated. The reductive perturbation method is employed to reduce the basic set of fluid equations to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The effect of cold (hot) dusty plasma density nc (nh) and the charge numbers for negatively charged cold (hot) dust Zc ( Zh )o n the nature of DAWs are discussed. c
Math in the Cabin - Shape Analysis Workshop in Bad Gastein

The workshop “Math in the cabin” took place in Bad Gastein, in the period July 16 – July 22, 2014. The aim of the week was to bring together a group of researchers with diverse backgrounds — ranging from differential geometry to applied medical image analysis — to discuss questions of common interest, that can be vaguely summarized under the heading “shape analysis”. These proceedings contain a summary of selected discussions, that were held during this week.
Effect of Family Wealth and Attitudes toward Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Fertile Couples in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

One of the problems generated by unmet need for family planning is the occurrence of unwanted pregnancies, that could impact on abortion. Unmet need for family planning affected by various factors, both from within and from outside the woman. This study aimed to analyze the influence of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes towards family planning unmet need in women of childbearing age couple in Makassar, South Sulawesi. This study is analytic observational research. Cross-sectional design was applied to take sample from a total of 246 spouses of fertile age of respondents, with Systematic Random Sampling technique. For bivariate test, analysis chi-square was applied and logistic regression analysis for multivariate analysis. Studies show that there is no correlation characteristics of socio-demographic variables, only the level of wealthy significantly related to the unmet need for family planning. poorest respondents and poorer levels of prosperity, risk unmet need for family planning is almost 3 times more than respondents with wealthy ≥middle level (OR = 2.451; 95% CI 1.302, 4.615). -----------------------------------------------------------------------* Corresponding author. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR)(2016) Volume 26, No 3, pp 168-179 169 The tendency of mothers who have a negative attitude, unmet need for family planning is almost 22 time than mothers who have a positive attitude (OR = 21.934; 95%CI = 8.812, 54.596). To increase the awareness and participation of all government institutions and community agencies, including the cooperation and support of religious leaders. In an effort to disseminate family planning information in the context of religion, so that misconceptions about contraceptive use can be improved. Service increase and competence of health workers planning to create awareness and empower women, especially mothers of poor families, to make choices appropriate contraception.
Potential Natural Antimycobacterial Metabolites from Some Sub-Saharan Medicinal Plants

Mycobacterial infections (particularly, tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis) represent a signifi- cant threat to public health, especially south of the Sahara. The problem has been compounded by poor patient compliance due to long periods of treatment, thus resulting in the development of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extremely drug- resistant (XDR) forms the of bacterium. It has, therefore, become imperative to seek new drugs from unexplored sources against these infections. Natural products, from ancient times, have often been used as drugs for the treatment of various ailments. They have also served as templates for the design and synthesis of new drugs. In sub-Saharan Africa particu- larly, ethnobotanical and ethnomedical knowledge of plants has been exploited to manage several different ailments, in- cluding tuberculosis. Thus research efforts have often been concentrated on plants as a source of treatment of diseases as well as drug leads. In this mini review, we report the biological activities of compounds derived from African medicinal plants with the potential for the treatment of anti-mycobacterial infections. Seventy nine (79) antimycobacterial com- pounds have been identified in sub-Sahara Africa covering the period from 1995 to 2013.
An LMI Approach to Robust Rm Filtering for Linear Systems

In this paper, me consider the robust 3-1, filtering problem for both continuous and discrete-time linear uncertain systems with energy bounded exogenous noise inputs and structural uncertainties satisfying some general integral quadratic constraints (IQCs). We apply the well-known S-procedure and show that the robust 3-1, filtering problem can be effectively solved using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).
Hybrid LES/RANS Using Synthesized Turbulence for Forcing at the Interface

The main bottle neck for using Large Eddy Simulations at high Reynolds number is the requirement of very fine meshes near walls. Hybrid LES-RANS was invented to get rid of this limitation. In this method unsteady RANS (URANS) is used near walls and away from walls LES is used. The matching between URANS and LES takes place in the inner log-region. In the present paper a method to improve standard LES-RANS is evaluated. The improvement consists of adding instantaneous turbulent fluctuations (forcing conditions) at the matching plane between the LES and URANS regions in order to provide the equations in the LES region with relevant turbulent structures. The turbulent fluctuations are taken from synthesized homogeneous turbulence assuming a modified von Karman spectrum. Both isotropic and non-isotropic fluctuations are generated. The turbulent length scale k^1.5/eps and the turbulent kinetic energy are used as input and they are taken from time-averaged DNS data at the location of the interface plane (y^+=60). The on-isotropic fluctuations are generated in the principal coordinate system of the DNS Reynolds stress tensor. They are then scaled to fit the DNS Reynolds tensor in the principal coordinate system. After that they are transformed back to the original coordinate system. The new approach is applied to fully developed channel flow. It is found that the prescribed turbulent length scale of the synthesized turbulence has a large effect on the predicted results. As an alternative to changing the prescribed turbulent length scale, the turbulent length scale of the synthesized fluctuations can artificially be increased in the streamwise direction by changing the mapping of the fluctuations to the interface plane in the CFD domain. Good results are obtained when the turbulent length scale is increased by a factor of four, either through the prescribed turbulent length scale or through the mapping. Very similar results are obtained when replacing the synthesized fluctuations with instantaneous DNS fluctuations (a time series). Also in this case better results are obtained when the streamwise turbulent length scale is enhanced by a factor of four by changing the mapping (i.e. the Taylor hypothesis) of the DNS fluctuations from the time domain to the interface plane.
On the probability that all eigenvalues of Gaussian and Wishart random matrices lie within an interval.

We derive the probability $\psi(a,b)=\Pr(a\leq \lambda_{\min}({\bf M}), \lambda_{\max}({\bf M})\leq b)$ that all eigenvalues of a random matrix $\bf M$ lie within an arbitrary interval $[a,b]$, when $\bf M$ is a real or complex finite dimensional Wishart, double Wishart, or Gaussian symmetric/hermitian matrix. We give efficient recursive formulas allowing, for instance, the exact evaluation of $\psi(a,b)$ for Wishart matrices with number of variates $500$ and degrees of freedom $1000$. We also prove that the probability that all eigenvalues are within the limiting spectral support (given by the Marchenko-Pastur or the semicircle laws) tends for large dimensions to the universal values $0.6921$ and $0.9397$ for the real and complex cases, respectively. Applications include improved bounds for the probability that a Gaussian measurement matrix has a given restricted isometry constant in compressed sensing.
Drug-resistant disseminated polyclonal Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with AIDS: a case report and review of the literature

— Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disseminated infection is an opportunistic infection that occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised individuals. We report an interesting case of multidrug-resistant poly clonal disseminated MAC infection in a patient with AIDS. During combination anti-MAC therapy, cultures became negative but he developed sensorineural hearing loss as a result of azithromycin ototoxicity.
About -Positivity Properties of Time-Invariant Linear Systems Subject to Point Delays

This paper discusses nonnegativity and positivity concepts and related properties for the state and output trajectory solutions of dynamic linear time-invariant systems described by functional differential equations subject to point time delays. The various nonnegativities and positivities are introduced hierarchically from the weakest one to the strongest one while separating the corresponding properties when applied to the state space or to the output space as well as for the zero-initial state or zero-input responses. The formulation is first developed by defining cones for the input, state and output spaces of the dynamic system, and then extended, in particular, to cones being the three first orthants each being of the corresponding dimension of the input, state, and output spaces.
Wide-Field Lensing Mass Maps from Dark Energy Survey Science Verification Data

We present a mass map reconstructed from weak gravitational lensing shear measurements over 139 deg2 from the Dark Energy Survey science verification data. The mass map probes both luminous and dark matter, thus providing a tool for studying cosmology. We find good agreement between the mass map and the distribution of massive galaxy clusters identified using a red-sequence cluster finder. Potential candidates for superclusters and voids are identified using these maps. We measure the cross-correlation between the mass map and a magnitude-limited foreground galaxy sample and find a detection at the 6.8 sigma level with 20 arc min smoothing. These measurements are consistent with simulated galaxy catalogs based on N -body simulations from a cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant. This suggests low systematics uncertainties in the map. We summarize our key findings in this Letter; the detailed methodology and tests for systematics are presented in a companion paper.
Chocolate: Modern Science Investigates an Ancient Medicine

HOCOLATE HAS BEGUN TO ATTRACT ATTENTION not only for its unique sensory attributes but also for potential health benefits related to its interesting phytochemical profile. Specifically, a group of flavonoids has been identified and isolated in certain cocoas and chocolates. Recently completed in vitro studies and pilot clinical trials suggest that these flavonoids possess a variety of biological activities that may be beneficial to cardiovascular health and cancer prevention. During the 2000 Annual Meeting and Science Innovation Exposition of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, on February 19, 2000, John W. Erdman, Jr., PhD, University of Illinois, and Norman K. Hollenberg, MD, PhD, Harvard Medical School, organized Symposium Session 4131, at which recent research on chocolate was presented and discussed. As a class, dietary flavonoids have received considerable attention in the scientific literature during the past decade due to their association with certain health benefits (cardiovascular health and cancer prevention). The focus of flavonoid research reported at this Symposium was expanded to include oligomeric flavonoids, found in foods such as certain cocoas and chocolates. A brief review was made of new findings about the history of chocolate use in Central American civilizations as both a food and a medicine, and then the new research evidence suggesting that certain cocoa flavonoids may have cardiovascular health benefits was discussed.
Monitoring and Managing Fatigue in Baseball Players

ABSTRACT CHRONIC FATIGUE AFFECTS ATHLETES' ABILITIES TO MAINTAIN FORCE AND POWER CAPABILITIES OVER THE COURSE OF A SEASON. THE ABILITY FOR SPORT SCIENTISTS AND COACHES TO MONITOR AND MANAGE FATIGUE IS BENEFICIAL FOR ALL SPORTS, ESPECIALLY THOSE WITH LENGTHY SEASONS. ALTHOUGH METHODS OF MONITORING AND MANAGING FATIGUE HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED FOR VARIOUS SPORTS, THERE IS CURRENTLY LIMITED RESEARCH EXAMINING METHODS OF MONITORING FATIGUE IN BASEBALL OVER THE COURSE OF A SEASON. TO EFFECTIVELY MAINTAIN PEAK PERFORMANCE, POTENTIAL METHODS FOR MONITORING AND MANAGING FATIGUE IN BASEBALL PLAYERS NEED TO BE DISCUSSED.