Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cultural Significations of Heterotopian Spaces of Nature

Ahsb·act: Michel Foucault's concept of hererotopia provides a usefiil tool for understanding rhe social function of natural spaces. Heterotopian spaces exisr inside a social order hut are characterized by a relative lack of control and a different set of rules and expectations. This article proposes a typology of the cultural responses to heterotopian natural spaces: rhe modes of edification, health, deviance, and crisis. Edification means that personal growth or spiritual improvement can be obtained through exposure to natural ~paces; in a co111moditized form edification also fuels social distinction. The mode of health refers to physical health, but also, in the wider sense of the erymo/ogical roots of the word, to wholeness l111d the holy; examples are the German tradition of nudism and the Norwegian tradition of frilufrsliv ( ourdoor life). Deviation can be seen in political resistance (as in guerilla wmfare) and evasion j i"Oln the law; in a co111moditized tourisric.form it means release from everyday life. The mode of crisis, a 1e111porc11y state of unsel//ement, can be found in the attempt to . find repose in nature, to live through an existential crisis, or, in a co111111oditizedfon11, in the calculated danger of" adventure. 771e typology is useful for distinguishing between seemingly similar fo rms of narure use and lo identify parallels betiveen apparently different.forms.
Performance Evaluation of CMMBCR Method to Improve Battery Power Awareness in Ad Hoc Network

2 ABSTRACT: MANET is collection of mobile nodes that form a network independently of any centralized administration. Since those mobile devices are battery operation based and extending the battery lifetime has become an main aim. Generally all the researchers have recently started to consider power-aware development of efficient protocols for MANETs. When each mobile node in a MANETs performs the routing function for effective establishment of communication among different mobile nodes the "Death" of even an any of the nodes due to power exhaustion might cause disconnect of services in the entire MANETs. So, mobile nodes in MANETs are battery based. Thus, they affect from limited energy level problems. When the nodes in the network are moving if a node moves out of a radio range of the other node then link between them is broken. Mainly due to this environment there are two major conditions of a link break that is Node dead due to energy collapse and Node going out of the radio range of its adjacent node (1).
Influence of Acid on the Curing Process of Tannin-sucrose Adhesives

Tannin and sucrose (TS) can be used in a biomaterial-based wood adhesive that requires a higher hot pressing temperature and longer time than traditional resins. To solve these problems, hydrochloric acid and citric acid were utilized as a catalyst during the curing process to decrease energy costs (forming TSH and TSC adhesives, respectively). Thermal analysis revealed that the addition of hydrochloric acid and citric acid resulted in decreases to the thermal thresholds associated with degradation and curing. The resultant insoluble matter ratio verified that the polymerization reaction happened at a lower temperature than the adhesive without acidic conditions. The FT-IR and solid state 13C NMR spectra showed that the addition of acid compounds acted catalytically and increased the generation of 5-HMF in uncured adhesives. The dimethylene-ether bridges and methylene bridge were formed during the heat treatment. The water resistance of the particleboards manufactured by TSC and TSH adhesives were notably enhanced when the hot-pressing temperature was 180 °C. However, an increased hot pressing temperature did not improve the mechanical properties of the particleboard bonded by TSH, which was due to cellulose and hemicellulose decomposition under strong acidity conditions.
USP 39 regulates the growth of SMMC ‐ 7721 cells via FoxM 1

The present study investigated ubiquitin specific peptidase 39 (USP39) gene knockdown on SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and in vivo, and the role of USP39 in regulating the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Two small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were constructed, which targeted the USP39 gene and control sequences were synthesized and inserted into a pGCSIL-GFP lentiviral vector. The full length of USP39 cDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pEGFP-N2, and the recombinant plasmids were transfected into cells. Knockdown efficiency and upregulation of USP39 was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The impact of USP39 on the growth of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro was examined using an MTT assay, colony formation, flow cytometry (FCM) and immunohistochemical staining. The impact of USP39 on the growth of SMMC-7721 cells in vivo was examined by assessing tumorigenicity in nude mice. Western blotting was performed to examine the mechanism of USP39 regulation on SMMC-7721 cell growth. Recombinant vectors containing specific and scrambled USP39 siRNA sequences were constructed and transfected into SMMC-7721 cells. USP39 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation in SMMC-7721 cells, while upregulation of USP39 promoted the growth of tumor cells. FCM indicated that USP39 knockdown led to G2/M arrest and induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells. USP39 knockdown inhibited xenograft tumor growth in nude mice and led to the downregulation of the transcription factor Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1). Gene expression of FoxM1 targets, including polo-like kinase 1, cyclin B1 and centromere protein A also decreased following USP39 knockdown. The results suggest that knockdown of USP39 inhibits the growth of HCC in vitro and in vivo, potentially through the induction of G2/M arrest by regulating the pre-mRNA splicing of FoxM1.
A priori error estimates for a state-constrained elliptic optimal control problem

We examine an elliptic optimal control problem with control and state constraints in R 3 . An improved error estimate of O(h s )w ith 3 ≤ s ≤ 1−e is proven for a discretisation involving piecewise constant functions for the control and piecewise linear for the state. The derived order of convergence is illustrated by a numerical example.
Identification of anthracene in Comet 1P/Halley

Context. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been detected in many interstellar medium (ISM) sources. They are considered among the most abundant organic compounds in these environments. Aims. We aim at identifying the carriers of the near UV fluorescence bands that appear in the spectra of 1P/Halley’s inner coma. Methods. Near UV spectra of 1P/Halley were recorded on March 9, 1986 by the three-channel spectrometer onboard the Vega2 spacecraft at projected distances of between 421 and 932 km. We compare these data to laboratory spectra obtained under laser-induced fluorescence conditions in a jet-cooled molecular beam. Results. The cometary spectral features are found to be consistent with the laboratory fluorescence spectrum of anthracene. Four main peaks coincide at 363, 367.5, 373 and 382.5 nm. We then report the identification of anthracene, a three-ring PAH in the inner coma of 1P/Halley at projected distances of less than thousand km. We derive an abundance relative to water of 5 × 10 −5 to 1 × 10 −4 for this molecule. This new detection adds to the previously reported UV identifications of phenanthrene and pyrene in the innermost coma of 1/P Halley. Conclusions. Recently, three small PAHs, namely naphtalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, were identified in dust grains collected by the Stardust probe in the environment of Comet 81P/Wild2. These findings, together with the present identification of anthracene in 1P/Halley’s near UV spectra, confirm that similarities exist between the composition of comets and that of the ISM.
3D CFD Modelling of Aerocyclones Operating at High Temperature

The design of aerocyclones operating at high temperatures is still a difficult problem still practical experience shows that the pressure drop and collection efficiency really obtained is mostly different than that calculated. This work presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics calculation to predict and to evaluate the flow field, pressure drop and collection efficiency of aerocyclones under extreme operating temperature. The numerical solutions commercial CFD code FLUENT 6.1. All the predictions proved to be satisfactory when compared with the presented experimental data. The CFD simulations predict excellently the cyclone cut-off size and pressure drop for all operating conditions with a deviation about 5% from the experimental data respectively. Results obtained from the computer modelling exercise have demonstrated that CFD and is a reliable method of modelling the aerocyclones performance. It has also been shown to be useful for examining the effects of a number of design changes have on their performance. This method of analysis is almost certainly less expensive than experiment, and represents a cost-effective route for design optimisation.
Testing the metabolic cold adaptation hypothesis: an intraspecific latitudinal comparison in the common woodlouse

The metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) hypothesis predicts an increase in the metabolic rate of ectotherms from cold environments compared with their more temperate counterparts. This adaptive hypothesis is one of the most controversial in physiological ecology, for which the evidence comes principally from the meta-analysis of data sets of arthropods. Important for the study of metabolic cold adaptation are comparisons at a geographic level, especially on a latitudinal scale, because mean annual temperature decreases towards high latitudes. Furthermore, few studies have conducted intraspecific comparisons of metabolic rates along a latitudinal gradient. We tested the MCA hypothesis in the common woodlouse, Porcellio laevis, using different populations along a distributional range with a wide range of mean ambient temperatures (5, 12, 18 and 25C) in Chile. Our results demonstrated that metabolic rate increased towards low latitudes – that is, woodlice from the warmer (i.e. northern) part of the distribution range had markedly higher metabolic rates than those from the cooler (i.e. southern) region, for almost all experimental temperatures. Thus, our results provide direct evidence of intraspecific latitudinal differences in metabolism, rejecting the MCA hypothesis, which is more difficult to resolve with interspecific level comparisons.
Top-N-Rank: A Scalable List-wise Ranking Method for Recommender Systems

We propose Top-N-Rank, a novel family of list-wise Learning-to-Rank models for reliably recommending the N top-ranked items. The proposed models optimize a variant of the widely used cumulative discounted gain (DCG) objective function which differs from DCG in two important aspects: (i) It limits the evaluation of DCG only on the top N items in the ranked lists, thereby eliminating the impact of low-ranked items on the learned ranking function; and (ii) it incorporates weights that allow the model to leverage multiple types of implicit feedback with differing levels of reliability or trustworthiness. Because the resulting objective function is non-smooth and hence challenging to optimize, we consider two smooth approximations of the objective function, using the traditional sigmoid function and the rectified linear unit (ReLU). We propose a family of learning-to-rank algorithms (Top-N-Rank) that work with any smooth objective function. Then, a more efficient variant, Top-N-Rank.ReLU, is introduced, which effectively exploits the properties of ReLU function to reduce the computational complexity of Top-N-Rank from quadratic to linear in the average number of items rated by users. The results of our experiments using two widely used benchmarks, namely, the MovieLens data set and the Amazon Video Games data set demonstrate that: (i) The "top-N truncation" of the objective function substantially improves the ranking quality of the top N recommendations; (ii) using the ReLU for smoothing the objective function yields significant improvement in both ranking quality as well as runtime as compared to using the sigmoid; and (iii) Top-N-Rank.ReLU substantially outperforms the well-performing list-wise ranking methods in terms of ranking quality.
A NEW CROCODILE FROM THE PUERCO FORMATION

One of the principal discoveries of the 1929 expedition of the American Museum of Natural History to the San Juan Basin, New Mexico, was the nearly complete skeleton of a crocodile. The specimen is interesting morphologically because it reveals the complete osteology in a peculiar phylum hitherto known only from fragments; faunally, because it is the first good and really identifiable crocodile material from the Paleocene; stratigraphically, because it adds an important example to the very few lines that do or may give some conception of actual evolutionary advance in the Cretaceous-Tertiary transition; and ecologically, because'it is a peculiar adaptive type hitherto misinterpreted. Complete description of the specimen, not yet fully disarticulated and cleaned, falls within the province of Mook's monographic studies on the living and extinct Crocodilia, now in progress, and the present notice will be followed by his more detailed morphological account.
Supporting Queries with imprecise constraints in Total Neutrosophic Databases

Neutrosophic relation database model has been developed for representing and manipulating three kinds of uncertain information in databases: fuzzy, incomplete and inconsistent. The neutrosophic set is a powerful general formal framework that has been recently proposed. However, the neutrosophic set needs to be specified from a technical point of view. In order to handle inconsistent situation, we propose the relation-theoretic operations on them. We define algebraic operators that are generalizations of the usual operators such as intersection, union, selection, and join on fuzzy relations. We present an SQL–like SELECT statement construct for posing queries to total neutrosophic databases. The syntax and semantics of SELECT statement is defined for making it an effective tool for querying.
CULTURAL VARIATIONS IN LEARNING AND LEARNING STYLES

The need for cross-cultural understanding of the relationship between culture and learning style is becoming increasingly important because of the changing cultural mix of classrooms and society at large. The research done regarding the two variables is mostly quantitative. This review summarizes results of the existing research on cultural variations in learning styles. Limitations of the existing studies are discussed and some suggestion for future research is proposed.
World Sugar Market – Basic Development Trends and Tendencies

This article is devoted to the issues of the worldâ€˜s sugar production and cultivation of sugar crops (sugar beet and sugar cane). It also analyzes the development of the global sugar trade. The main aim of this paper is to define the basic developmental trends and tendencies that affect the current situation on the market for sugar and sugar crops and then outline a process of gradual profiling of the world markets for these commodities. The article identifies the most important players operating in the global market, both in terms of production and in terms of trade. It also identifies not only the most important subjects of the global market from the viewpoint of the realized volume of production and trade, but also in terms of available comparative advantages and growth dynamics of the realized volume of production and trade. Finally, the paper highlights the significant differences existing in unit prices of the realized export and import flows in individual countries and regions. The results of this study show clearly that the world sugar market is extremely concentrated. A narrow group of entities localized mainly in Latin America, Southeast Asia, Europe and North America controls most of the world production of sugar beet and sugar cane. Furthermore, the results of the analysis show that the production and export of sugar are logically closely linked with the regions cultivating sugar crops, which again suggests that a limited number of entities controls most of the global sugar market. Currently, this market is dominated mainly by Latin American countries and Southeast Asia together with Europe.
Studies on physiological regulation and measurements in infants and children

Nitric oxide (NO) is found in the exhaled gas of humans, starting from birth, and is increased in adult patients with bronchial asthma. This study assessed whether the measurement of NO in exhaled gas is technically feasible in infants and children. We studied a possible difference of exhaled NO levels between asthmatic children and healthy controls. Optimising existing sampling techniques, a link between clinical severity and levels of exhaled NO was sought. Adapting the sampling technique to the specific needs of infants, tidal analysis of inhaled and exhaled NO concentrations was performed. Finally, regulatory aspects of pulmonary NO synthesis were studied in an established rabbit model. We found that NO in exhaled gas can be reliably measured in newborn infants and children and distinguished from nasally derived NO. In spite of comparable lung function parameters orally exhaled NO was significantly increased in asthmatic children in comparison with healthy controls. Even higher increases were seen in asthmatic children with recent clinical symptoms of airway obstruction, suggesting that exhaled NO measurements may be an early signal of asthmatic airway inflammation and useful to monitor the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment. In newborn infants the range of autoinhaled NO concentrations made biological effects of NO in the lower respiratory tract conceivable. In the rabbit experiments adrenoceptor stimulation and high frequency oscillatory ventilation significantly increased pulmonary NO production. These findings are likely relevant to the understanding of the circulatory adaptation to extrauterine life. Increases of pulmonary NO production induced by mechanical stretch might influence bronchial function and ventilation perfusion matching.
Distribution and biodegradation potential of oil-degrading bacteria in North Eastern Japanese coastal waters

The distribution of oil-degrading microorganism in samples of surface water and sediment from North Eastern Japanese coastal waters was studied. Modified natural sea water (NSW) agar supplemented with emulsified crude oil (Arabian light, 5 g 1−1) was used to enumerate oil-degrading bacteria. In addition, filtered samples were inoculated into NSW broth containing weathered crude oil. Incubation was carried out at 20°C for 7–10 days. Populations of oil-degrading microorganisms ranged from 3–230 CFU 100 ml−1 in surface waters and 2.9 × 103 to 1.2 × 105 CFU g− in sediment samples. Analysis of variance showed that oil-degraders were heterogenously distributed. Six mixed populations selected from 20 samples were studied to determine which of the constituent microflora were capable of crude oil biodegradation. Among 51 strains selected for identification, only 61% could be identified which formed 17 different bacterial species. Acinetobacter species (14 strains), Psychrobacter immobilis (9 strains) and Gram-positive cocci (10 strains) were the predominant types. Oil-degrading activity by various mixed populations (three each from water and sediment samples) was determined by using a conventional total weight reduction technique. Reduction in amount of various aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon substrates was verified using gas chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography. Biodegradation of crude oil ranged from 35–58%. One mixed population of the sediment samples degraded more hydrocarbon (both aliphatic and aromatic) and the biodegradation of the aromatic hydrocarbon reached as high as 48%.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMAGE PROCESSING VEHICLE DETECTOR FOR INTERSECTIONS

Traffic congestion can be reduced with traffic signal control systems that determine signal parameters based on future traffic volume forecasts, which rely on data from upstream intersections. Image processing vehicle detectors have seen recent use due to cost effectiveness and maintainability, but occlusion occurs with conventional detectors, resulting in detection failures. In response, a vehicle tracking algorithm was developed based on the Spatio-Temporal Markov Random Field (S-T MRF) model. This algorithm enables one camera to measure traffic volume in all directions at intersections. The details of the image processing vehicle detector for intersections and field test results are described.
The Effect of a Combined Practice Course of Mental and Physical Practice with Systematic Increase in Contextual Interference on Learning a Kata Skill

Background. Although some research showed the benefits of a systematic increase in contextual interference (CI), it is not completely proved in young children and novices. Objectives. On the other hand, considering the recommendation of researchers about the advantages and the use of the mental practice, the aim of the present study was to combine mental practice with CI to improve motor performance in a kata skill. This study investigates the simultaneous effects of these two types of practice. Methods. One school in Shiraz city was chosen randomly. Among the entire group of students in this school, 36 sixth-grade elementary school students of age 12 were chosen randomly to participate in this study. After filling out MIQ questionnaire, participants took part in initial instruction sessions and then participated in the pretest. In the next stage, they were randomly placed in three groups: blocked physical practice (B), physical practice with a systematic increase in CI and mental practice + physical practice with a systematic increase in CI (M-CI). The participants practised for five sessions and five trials in each session. In the last training session, an acquisition test, a subsequent retention test (48 hours later), and transfer test in a completion condition were conducted. Results. The results showed a significant difference in the acquisition test in the CI and B contexts, and in the retention test and transfer tests, in the CI and M-CI contexts. Conclusion. Considering the results, it can be deduced that the systematic increase in the CI has the highest effectiveness. After that, the combined practice (M-CI) has long-term positive effects on performance and learning a kata skill.
A REVIEW OF FREQUENT CUTANEOUS MALIGNANCIES – PART II: MALIGNANT MELANOMA

Malignant melanoma has a lower incidence than basal or squamous cell carcinomas, but is the most dangerous type of skin cancer due to the high capacity of metastasising. The main risk factor is sun exposure, although genetic predisposition is also involved. Early diagnosis realised through an excisional biopsy is very important because the cure rate depends on the stage of the disease. Proper surgical and adjuvant treatment lower the incidence of metastases and raise patient’s survival rate. The article reviews the important aspects of malign melanoma from etiology to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Key words: malignant melanoma, skin tumors, skin malignancies. Cite this article : Laura Raducu, Iulia Filip, Cristina Nicoleta Cozma, Valeriu Ardeleanu, Ovidiu Stefanescu, Radu Cristian Jecan. A review of frequent cutaneous malignancies – part II: malignant melanoma. RoJCED 2017;3(4):166-173 https://doi.org/10.26574/rojced.2017. 4.3. 166