Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A geometric parameter study of piezoelectric coverage on a rectangular cantilever energy harvester

This paper proposes a versatile model for optimizing the performance of a rectangular cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvester used to convert ambient vibrations into electrical energy. The developed model accounts for geometric changes to the natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping in the structure. This is achieved through the combination of finite element modelling and a distributed parameter electromechanical model, including load resistor and charging capacitor models. The model has the potential for use in investigating the influence of numerous geometric changes on harvester performance, and incorporates a model for accounting for changes in damping as the geometry changes. The model is used to investigate the effects of substrate and piezoelectric layer length, and piezoelectric layer thickness on the performance of a microscale device. Findings from a parameter study indicate the existence of an optimum sample length due to increased mechanical damping for longer beams and improved power output using thicker piezoelectric layers. In practice, harvester design is normally based around a fixed operating frequency for a particular application, and improved performance is often achieved by operating at or near resonance. To achieve unbiased comparisons between different harvester designs, parameter studies are performed by changing multiple parameters simultaneously with the natural frequency held fixed. Performance enhancements were observed using shorter piezoelectric layers as compared to the conventional design, in which the piezoelectric layer and substrate are of equal length.
A Systems-Based Analysis of the CardioMEMS HF Sensor for Chronic Heart Failure Management

Background Hemodynamic-guided therapy using the CardioMEMS™ system has been shown to reduce heart failure hospitalization (HFH) in both clinical trials and real-world settings. However, the CardioMEMS system requires input from multiple independent elements to achieve its effect, and no studies have been done to investigate those elements. Consistent patient participation and health care provider participation are two of those key elements, and this study sought to assess how they affect HFHs. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with the CardioMEMS sensor. The primary outcome was the number of HFH days patients experienced in the 1 year following CardioMEMS sensor implant. The primary independent variables were the average number of days between patient transmissions of data and the average number of days between health care provider reviews of those data. Covariates included patient demographics, medical comorbidities, history of HFHs, and initial pressure response to hemodynamic-guided therapy at 28 days after implant. Data were fit to a zero-inflated negative binomial regression. Results Seventy-eight patients were included in the study. The mean age was 64 ± 15 years, 52 (67%) were male, and 58 (76%) had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. During the study period, there were 538 cumulative HFH patient-days. Based on the regression model, there was an exponential relationship between HFH days and the mean number of days between patient transmissions (IRR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.09–2.75, p=0.019). There was also an exponential relationship between HFH days and the mean number of days between health care provider reviews (IRR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05, p=0.013). Conclusions This single-center study suggests that more frequent patient transmissions and health care provider reviews of the CardioMEMS system are associated with a decreased number of HFH days, but larger multicentered studies are required. Further systems-based analyses of the CardioMEMS system may be a useful approach to guiding effective use of the CardioMEMS device.
THE OPINION OF THERAPISTS AND SPECIALIZED DOCTORS ON THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN POLYCLINICS IN ALMATY

Objective: The objective of this research was to study the opinion of therapists and highly specialized doctors (cardiologist, neuropathologist, and oculist) in Almaty polyclinics on the provision of endocrinological care for patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The sociological study was conducted on the basis of a specially developed questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions. The database was created in the Microsoft Access 2010 program. Statistical processing of data was carried out using the SPSS 22.0 software package. The average relative values have been calculated with the value of their standard error. Results: Most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are observed in primary health care by therapists and endocrinologists. According to 86.7%of therapists, the number of patients with diabetes exceeds the number of registered patients and the determination of blood glucose level in the daily practice of therapists will reveal a large part of them. Most of the interviewed doctors believe that they have difficulties in servicing patients due to the presence of concomitant disease in patients, low adherence of patients, and a narrow choice of drugs for treatment. According to the opinion of doctors of different specialties (endocrinologists, cardiologists, neurologists, and oculists), when examining patients with type 2 diabetes, complications from the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and organ of vision are identified. Conclusion: The organization of outpatient care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should be interrelated by therapists and cardiologists, neurologists, and ophthalmologists. It should be based on continuity and interdisciplinary approach and is aimed to ensure patient satisfaction with the quality of care and adherence to treatment and to improve the quality of life.
The clinical outcome comparison of ischemic stroke with and without atrial fibrillation

Background: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke and is associated with poor stroke outcomes. The primary concern of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation and without atrial fibrillation. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using secondary data from electronic medical record and electronic stroke registry of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data was collected from 2017-2018. The presence of atrial fibrillation at stroke onset and during the acute phase was confirmed by a standard electrocardiogram. The primary outcomes of the study was in-hospital mortality, disability measured by modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and length of stay. We used SPSS 20 with significance level 0,05. Results: Among 1688 patients with ischemic stroke, 45(2,67%) had atrial fibrillation. 51,11% of patients with AF were males and 82,22% aged above 60 years. The mortality of stroke patients with atrial fibrillation group is eighteen patients (40.0%), thirty seven patients (84.4%) have poor functional outcome (mRS≥2) and have length of stay 6 (0-41) days. Bivariate analysis showed stroke patients with atrial fibrillation group is significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality (RR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.09-2.22; p: 0.001), worse disability (RR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.92-2.32; p: 0.001) and prolonged hospital stay (6 (0-41) vs 4 (0-14), p:0.001) than in stroke patients without atrial fibrillation group. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation is associated with stroke outcomes. Careful cardiac evaluation and appropriate treatment are needed to improve the poor outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation.
Distributed information fusion in sensor networks

This thesis addresses the problem of design and analysis of distributed in-network signal processing algorithms for efficient aggregation and fusion of information in wireless sensor networks. The distributed in-network signal processing algorithms alleviate a number of drawbacks of the centralized fusion approach. The single point of failure, complex routing protocols, uneven power consumption in sensor nodes, inefficient wireless channel utilization, and poor scalability are among these drawbacks. These drawbacks of the centralized approach lead to reduced network lifetime, poor robustness to node failures, and reduced network capacity. The distributed algorithms alleviate these issues by using simple pairwise message exchange protocols and localized in-network processing. However, for such algorithms accuracy losses and/or time required to complete a particular fusion task may be significant. The design and analysis of fast and accurate distributed algorithms with guaranteed performance characteristics is thus important. In this thesis two specific problems associated with the analysis and design of such distributed algorithms are addressed. For the distributed average consensus algorithm a memory based acceleration methodology is proposed. The convergence of the proposed methodology is investigated. For the two important settings of this methodology, optimal values of system parameters are determined and improvement with respect to the standard distributed average consensus algorithm is theoretically characterized. The theoretical improvement characterization matches well with the results of numerical experiments revealing significant and well scaling gain. The practical distributed on-line initialization scheme is devised. Numerical experiments reveal the feasibility of the proposed initialization scheme and superior performance of the proposed methodology with respect to several existing acceleration approaches. For the collaborative signal and information processing methodology a number of theoretical performance guarantees is obtained. The collaborative signal and information processing framework consists in activating only a cluster of wireless sensors to perform target tracking task in the cluster head using particle filter. The optimal cluster is determined at every time instant and cluster head hand-off is performed if necessary. To reduce communication costs only an approximation of the filtering distribution is sent during hand-off resulting in additional approximation errors. The time uniform performance guarantees accounting for the additional errors are obtained in two settings: the subsample approximation and the parametric mixture approximation hand-off.
Multisystem immune-related adverse events from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 in patients with lung cancer: Incidence, clinical patterns, management, and outcomes.

84 Background: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Large clinical trials and meta-analyses have identified the spectrum of single organ-specific irAEs that may occur with these agents. However, patients treated with these agents may develop irAEs involving multiple organ systems. The prevalence and clinical patterns of multi-system irAEs and their management have yet to be elucidated. Methods: Patients with lung cancer treated with either PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy or PD-1/PD-L1-based combinations at Johns Hopkins Hospital were identified. Clinical, radiologic and pathologic data were stored in an IRB-approved database. irAEs were identified through retrospective chart review and confirmed by a multidisciplinary team. Multi-system irAEs were defined as irAEs in +1 organ system. Patients with multi-system irAEs, their clinical patterns, management and outcomes were identified. Results: 319 patients were identified (NSCLC: 299, 93.7%; SCLC: 20, 6.3%) and received treatment with either PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy (197, 61.8%) or combinations (122, 38.2%: + chemotherapy = 42; +immunotherapy = 41; +other = 39). Of these patients, 77 (24.1%) developed 1 irAE, and 16 (5%) developed multi-system irAEs (2 irAEs: 14; 3 irAEs: 2). The most common irAEs were pneumonitis (42, 13.2%), dermatitis (11, 3.4%), and hypothyroidism (9, 2.8%). The most common multi-system irAEs was pneumonitis/dermatitis (3, 3.9%). Patients who developed dermatitis, colitis, or hypothyroidism were most likely to develop multi-system irAEs (all p < 0.05). Management and outcome data for individual and multi-system irAEs will be presented. Conclusions: Patients treated with ICIs may develop multi-system irAEs. In the first report of this clinical entity, we identified that 5% of lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 developed multi-system irAEs, and that those who developed dermatitis, colitis, or hypothyroidism were most likely to develop multi-system events. These data have important implications for interdisciplinary patient management in the era of cancer immunotherapy.
Network of Ontologies – A Systematic Mapping Study and Challenges Comparison

Background: Network of ontologies is the pairwise match of a set of ontologies, which became recently relevant due to its applicability in different domains, such as cultural evolution. However, the challenges faced in this area are not completely known and understood, neither are their relations to ontology matching counterpart problems . Aims: The goal of this paper is to identify challenges and applications of a network of ontologies and compare them to the 8 existing challenges of ontology matching [8]. Research questions are: (i) Which are the challenges for a Network of Ontologies? (ii) What are the applications of a Network of Ontologies? Method: We defined and executed a systematic mapping review protocol. A specialist on systematic mapping review and ontology research evaluated protocol and results. Results: Out of the 67 relevant studies, 10 addressed the research questions. All of them presented challenges, but only four presented applications. Conclusions: We identified four new challenges and related them with the eight challenges presented in [8].
Catalytic Knockdown of miR-21 by Artificial Ribonuclease: Biological Performance in Tumor Model

Control of the expression of oncogenic small non-coding RNAs, notably microRNAs (miRNAs), is an attractive therapeutic approach. We report a design platform for catalytic knockdown of miRNA targets with artificial, sequence-specific ribonucleases. miRNases comprise a peptide [(LeuArg)2Gly]2 capable of RNA cleavage conjugated to the miRNA-targeted oligodeoxyribonucleotide, which becomes nuclease-resistant within the conjugate design, without resort to chemically modified nucleotides. Our data presented here showed for the first time a truly catalytic character of our miR-21-miRNase and its ability to cleave miR-21 in a multiple catalytic turnover mode. We demonstrate that miRNase targeted to miR-21 (miR-21-miRNase) knocked down malignant behavior of tumor cells, including induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell invasiveness, and retardation of tumor growth, which persisted on transplantation into mice of tumor cells treated once with miR-21-miRNase. Crucially, we discover that the high biological activity of miR-21-miRNase can be directly related not only to its truly catalytic sequence-specific cleavage of miRNA but also to its ability to recruit the non-sequence specific RNase H found in most cells to elevate catalytic turnover further. miR-21-miRNase worked synergistically even with low levels of RNase H. Estimated degradation in the presence of RNase H exceeded 103 miRNA target molecules per hour for each miR-21-miRNase molecule, which provides the potency to minimize delivery requirements to a few molecules per cell. In contrast to the comparatively high doses required for the simple steric block of antisense oligonucleotides, truly catalytic inactivation of miRNA offers more effective, irreversible, and persistent suppression of many copy target sequences. miRNase design can be readily adapted to target other pathogenic microRNAs overexpressed in many disease states.
Left Atrial Appendage Transcatheter Occlusion with AMPLATZER™ Amulet™ Device: Real Life Data with Mid-Term Follow-Up Results

Background Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion is an alternative therapy for atrial fibrillation patients who have high embolic risk and contraindications to anticoagulant therapy. Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and mid-term outcomes of percutaneous LAA occlusion, including device-related thrombosis. Methods Sixty consecutive patients who had undergone percutaneous LAA occlusion with AMPLATZER™ Amulet™ device from September 2015 to March 2018 were enrolled. Patients were followed for 21 ± 15 months (median - 20 months, interquartile range - 9 to 27 months). The postprocedural assessment was done at the 1st, 6th, and 12th month. Patients were clinically evaluated, and transesophageal echocardiography was performed at each visit. We evaluated the condition of normality of variables using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. P-values < 0.05 were statistically significant. Results The most common indication for the procedure was major bleeding with anticoagulants (n: 53, 88.3%). The procedure was completed successfully in 59 (98.3%) patients. Periprocedural mortality was observed in one patient. Postprocedural antiplatelet treatment was planned as dual or single antiplatelet therapy or low-dose anticoagulant therapy in 52 (88.1%), 2 (3.4%), and 5 (8.5%) patients, respectively. We found no clinically significant cerebrovascular events, device-related thrombus, or embolization in any patient during the follow-up. Two (3.4 %) patients presented significant peri-device leak (>3 mm) at the 1st month evaluation, which disappeared at the 12th month follow-up. Conclusion We concluded that LAA occlusion using the Amulet™ LAA occluder can be performed with high procedural success and acceptable outcomes.
Preeklamptik ve normotansif plasentalarda VEGF ve Vimentin ekspresyon düzeylerinin immunohistokimya ve Western Blot yöntemleri ile incelenmesi

Amac: Bu calismada anjiogenezi stimule eden vaskuler endotel buyume faktoru (VEGF) ve bir mezensimal markir olan vimentin proteinlerinin preeklamptik ve normotansif plasentalardaki ekspresyon duzeylerini arastirmayi amacladik. Yontemler: Calismaya 35-38. haftalardaki dogum sonrasi plasentalar dahil edildi. 10 adet preeklamptik ve 10 adet normal plasenta kullanildi. %10’ luk formaldehit solusyonuna atilan doku parcalari rutin parafin takiplerinden sonra histopatolojik olarak incelendi. VEGF ve vimentin protein duzeyleri Western Blot yontemiyle olculdu. Bulgular: Preeklamptik plasentalarda sinsisyal proliferasyonun artmis oldugu izlendi. Intravillous sinsityal dugumler, sinsityal odem, kollajen artisi ve damarlarda endotel hasar gozlendi. Preeklampsi (PE) sonucu plasentadaki VEGF ve vimentin protein duzeylerinin artis gosterdigi gozlendi. Sonuc: Preeklamptik plasenta dokusunda fonksiyonel olmayan VEGF ligandinin reseptorune baglanamadigi icin VEGF miktarinin arttigi ve bu durumun yetersiz anjiogeneze neden oldugu olasidir. Ayrica preeklamptik plasentadaki vimentin artisinin vaskuler permeabilitenin azalmasina neden olabilecegi dusunulmektedir.
Diagnostic Validity of 3D-Computed Tomographic Angiography in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Background: Diagnostic validity of different tests for the detection of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage is an important issue. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to validate 3D-Computed tomographic angiography in spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery and Cath Lab of DMCH in collaboration with private diagnostic centre from September 2013 to February 2015 for a period of six (06) months. Adult patients diagnosed as a case of spontaneous SAH based on clinical features and confirmed by plain CT evidence of subarachnoid blood were included as study population. Patients having current history of trauma, poor clinical grade and agitated patient, patient with renal insufficiency, known allergy to iodinated contrast agent and patients who were not willing participate in the study were excluded from this study. Then both CT angiography and DSA were performed to detect cause of bleeding and to make a treatment planning. In this study DSA was considered as reference standard for evaluation of CTA. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of CTA were calculated per patient basis and per aneurysmal basis. Result: A total number of 37 patients presented with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage were recruited for this study. The mean age of patients was 58.53±7.54 years. Sensitivity and specificity in depicting intracranial aneurysms were, 93.75% and 100% respectively on a per-patient basis. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CTA are 100% and 71.43% respectively. CTA had shown 94.59% accuracy in detection of intracranial aneurysm. Sensitivity and specificity in depicting intracranial aneurysms were 94.74% and 100% respectively on a per-aneurysm basis. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CTA are 100% and 71.43% respectively. CTA had shown 95.35% accuracy in detection of intracranial aneurysm. Conclusion: In conclusion CTA has high detection capacity of aneurysm among spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage patients. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 47-52
Cranioplasty: A New Perspective

AIM: This work aims to present the different indication, benefits, possible complications and methods used for fixation of methyl methacrylate in cranioplasty. Also, 50 cases will be presented demonstrating the different aetiologies of the defects, and the different techniques used for fixation of methyl methacrylate in cranioplasty. METHODS: This investigation included a prospective study to be carried out on 50 patients with cranial defects of different aetiologies, sites and sizes to be operated upon in Cairo University Hospitals starting from August 2016 to April 2017. RESULTS: The principal aims of cranioplasty in this study are to restore aesthetic contour and to provide cerebral protection. However, it has been noted that a great improvement occurs in cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion after cranioplasty. CONCLUSION: Ball and socket technique appear to be a simple, safe economic and efficient method for fixation of cranioplasty flap. The high incidence of development of postoperative seroma suggests the necessity of-of a subgaleal drain placement for 48 hours.
Optimised watchdog system for detection of DDOS and wormhole attacks in IEEE802.15.4-based wireless sensor networks

Owing to wireless broadcast nature of communication, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to denial-of-service (DOS) attacks and hole attacks. Preserving security and confidentiality in WSN are crucial, so it is required to design an energy efficient intruder detection system (IDS) to detect and mitigate the attacks. In this paper, an energy efficient intruder detection system based on energy prediction (EE-IDSEP) has been proposed for IEEE 802.15. 4-based WSN to detect and mitigate the distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack (i.e., resource depletion attack, power exhaustion attack and flooding) and wormhole attacks. The design of EE-IDSEP consists of optimised watchdog system and hidden Markov model (HMM). The wormhole attack is detected using the optimised watchdog system. The optimised watchdog mechanism is a trust-based method which is used to evaluate the validity of all the nodes of the network. The DDoS attack is detected based on energy consumed using the hidden Markov model. The model of EE-IDS is simulated using NS2 simulator and then it is compared with existing energy efficient trust system (EE-TS) in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR), packet drop, and energy consumption.