Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diş Çekimi Sonrası Gözlenen Alveolit Vakalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Amac: Dis cekimininden hemen sonra cekim soketi kanla dolmaya baslar ve pihti organizasyonu olusur. Pihti formasyonunun olusmadigi durumlarda dis cekim yeri iltihaplanir ve agrili gorulen bu durum alveolit olarak tanimlanir. Bu calismada alveolitin olgularinin degerlendirilmesi amaclanmistir. Materyal-metod: Bu calismaya Aralik 2016-Ekim 2017 tarihleri arasinda Karabuk Universitesi Dis Hekimligi Fakultesi, Agiz, Dis, Cene Hastaliklari ve Cerrahisi Anabilim Dali klinigine basvuran ve dis cekim endikasyonu koyulmus 2674 hastadan alveolit teshisi konmus olan 29 hasta dahil edildi. Alveolit olgularinin demografik ve sistemik verileri degerlendirildi. Bulgular: Bu calismada 2674 dis cekimi yapilan hastadan 29 vakada %1,08 siklikla alveolit olustugu belirlendi. Alveolit gorulme sikligi kadinlarda (%65,5), erkek hastalarda (%45,5) olarak tespit edildi. Mandibula birinci molar bolgesinde (%55,2) alveolite daha yuksek siklikla rastlanildigi belirlendi. Sonuc: Alveolit dis cekimi sonrasinda meydana gelebilen lokal bir komplikasyondur. Kotu oral hijyen, sigara ve alkol kullanimi, travmatik dis cekimi, oral kontraseptif kullanimi alveolit olusma riskini arttirmakta ve olusan komplikasyon vakalarinda ise siddetli agriya sebep olmaktadir.
O003 Characterising the role of net-derived IL-33 in SLE pathogenesis

Introduction Interleukin (IL)−33 is a cell necrosis-derived alarmin with immunostimulatory properties which depends on the context of immune cells and the inflammatory milieu.1,2 In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), extracellular DNA (as in extracellular chromatin traps [NETs] or immune complexes [ICs]) combined with alarmins stimulate innate immunity receptors (such as Toll-like receptors [TLRs]) and the production of IFNa by plasmatocytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). 3,4 Objectives We hypothesised that bioactive NET-derived isoforms of IL-33 might augment the interferogenic potential of extracellular DNA in SLE. Methods Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were isolated from healthy and SLE individuals and their ability to form IL33-decorated NETs was assessed by confocal microscopy. NET-supernatants from untreated and IC-treated SLE PMNs were administrated to healthy pDCs and type I IFN production was monitored by qPCR and ELISA. The contribution of IL-33 in the interferogenic capacity of NETs was addressed by pre-treating pDCs with a specific mAb against IL33-receptor (anti-ST2L). Western blotting of SLE and healthy PMNs was used to detect different isoforms of IL-33. Results Spontaneous-released NETs from peripheral blood PMNs of active SLE patients were decorated with IL-33 to a larger extent as compared to healthy PMN NETs. Treatment of SLE PMNs with ICs led to the release of NETs with extended IL-33 decoration and enhanced interferogenic capacity. IL33 receptor blockade significantly decreased the type I IFN response of NET-treated control pDCs. DNase treatment of NETs to disrupt their structure resulted in reduced interferogenic capacity and abrogated the pro-inflammatory effect of IL-33. Finally, western blotting on IC-mediated SLE NETs revealed the presence of cleaved isoforms of IL-33 which closely resemble the previously characterised highly bioactive isoforms of our protein of interest. Experiments are underway to explore the possible role of NET-bound proteases in IL-33 activation. Conclusions NET-derived IL-33 is a novel mediator of the nucleic acid-driven aberrant type I IFN response which exacerbates SLE disease. NET structure may be crucial in regulating the bioactivity of IL-33. References . Foo Yew Liew, et al. Intereleukin-33 in health and disease. Nature Reviews2016. Lefrancais E. IL-33 is processed in mature bioactive isoforms by neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G. PNAs2012 . Garcia Romo G. Netting neutrophils are major inducers of type I IFN production in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Science Translational Medicine2011. Lande R. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide. Nature2007. Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Ronnblom and Dr Eloranta for providing us with immune complexes material for our scientific project. Disclosure of interest None declared
Mineral Bone Disorders in Naïve Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-A Cohort Study from a Tertiary Centre in South India

Background: Highest rates of morbidity and mortality in chron ic kidney disease (CKD) are encountered with its cardiovascular complications a d Mineral Bone Disorders (MBD). MBD is now being recognized as a systemic disorder with fa r-re ching consequences on the quality of life and is no longer merely restricted to the hist omorphometric findings in the bone biopsy. Most of the classification systems of mineral bone disorders rely only on histological findings in the bone biopsy. However, the invasive nature of th e procedure desires the need for reliable biochemical parameters with good predictive value t o aid in the diagnosis of these disorders at the bedside and decide on the treatment protocol. Objective: Few studies to date are available on the pattern of mineral bone disorders in Indian CKD population. Our primary aim was to study the va ried patterns of CKD mineral bone disorders in our center based on biochemical parame ters. Patients & Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 75 newly diagnose d patients with CKD stages G3, G4 & G5D. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their KDIGO CKD stagingGroup A – CKD stages G3a, G3b, G4; Group B – CKD stage G5D. The biochemical markers of CKD-MBD, namely, serum calcium, phosphor us, alkaline phosphatase, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxyvitamin Vi tamin D were measured. Results: 24 patients were included in group A and 51 patient s i group B. The most common underlying native kidney disease was chronic glomer ulonephritis (41.3%), followed by diabetic nephropathy (37.3%) and chronic interstitial nephri tis (21.3%). The mean age of our study population was 49.5 ± 22.9 years in group A and 54. 1 ± 15.77 years in group B. The most prevalent type of MBD was Secondary hyperparathyroi dism in group A (66.7%) and hyperphosphatemia in Group B (78.4%). There was a h igher prevalence of hypocalcemia (Group A 29.2%, Group B43.1%, p= 0.31) and hyperphosph atemia (Group A25%, Group B78.4%, p= <0.001) with increasing stage of CKD. Prevalence (Group A -28.6%, Group B 53.5%, p=0.08) and magnitude (Group A -14.87 ± 11.55 ng/ml , Group B – 10.94 ± 12.37 ng/ml, p=0.19) of vitamin D deficiency was higher in End-stage ren al disease compared to earlier stages of
Histologic Features with Predictive Value for Outcome of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease with variable evolution, in which is difficult to establish patient’s outcome. Histology is an important part of diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and has an increasing role in patients’ management, since increasingly more histologic features with predictive value are being identified and validated. This chapter presents the most important histologic prognostic factors that should be included in histologic reports of patients with ulcerative colitis. Basal plasmacytosis and histologic healing are the most significant validated factors of prognosis in ulcerative colitis, while dysplasia is important since colorectal carcinoma is a severe complication of the disease.
Des souris et des femmes : une ovogenèse fœtale similaire ?

Résumé. La fonction de reproduction des femelles adultes dépend essentiellement de l ’ état fonctionnel de ses ovaires,ceux-làassurant la productiondes gamètes fécondantsainsi qu ’ une sécrétionhormonalenécessaire àcette fonctiondereproduction. La mise en placedesgamètes femelles débute, chez les mammifères, dès le stade f œ tal, peu après la différenciation de l ’ ovaire. Elle se caractérise par un processus discontinu – à la différence des mâles. Chez un f œ tusfemelle XX,enabsenceduchromosomeY,la cascadegénétiquefemellesemet enplace, d ’ où découlent la différenciation ovarienne et la colonisation de l ’ ovaire par les cellules germinales d ’ origine extraembryonnaire, lesquelles évoluent vers les ovogonies. Ces dernières prolifèrent par mitose, puis – caractéristique du développement femelle – la méiose des cellulesgerminalesest initiée etcescellulesdeviennentalorsdesovocytes Iquirestentbloqués en ﬁ n de prophase de première division méiotique. Cette étape est suivie par la formation des follicules, qui sont des ovocytes entourés de cellules somatiques : la granulosa. Ces follicules constituent l ’ entité fonctionnelle de l ’ ovaire, c ’ est-à-dire le stock de cellules germinales disponible pour toutela viereproductivedela femelle. Danscetterevue, nousnousefforcerons demontrerque, sicesétapessontglobalementsimilairescheztousles Abstract. Reproduction in adult females is highly dependent on functional ovaries that allow ef ﬁ cient gamete production and hormonal secretion and so, fertility in adulthood. Female gamete production starts during fetal life in mammals, after the ovarian differentiation. Unlike male gamete production, the female one is a discontinuous process. In female fetus, in the absence of the Y chromosome, the ovary determining-pathway takes place resultingin ovarian differentiationandprimordial germ cells migrationfromthesomaticlineageto urogenitalridge. Here, these cells undergo a period of intensive proliferation (mitosis). In contrast with males where germ cells meiosis starts at puberty with a continuous mechanism, female germ cell meiosis initiates during fetal life. Then, oocytes I arrest at diplotene stage of prophase I of meiosis throughout fetal life (meiosiswill resume at puberty in ovulated oocytes). Then arrested germcellsfollow theprocessof primordial follicleformationandearlyfolliculogenesis.Follicle thus formed represent the functional unit of the ovary and constitute the reserve of gametes for all reproductive life of the female. Although the establishment of the resting pool of primordial follicles are quite similar during oogenesis of mammals, there are however chronological differences between species and particularly concerning mouse and women. That is what we would like to prove in this review.
Do women in board represent less corporate tax avoidance? A moderation analysis

The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine how women in board represent moderates the relationship between audit quality and corporate tax avoidance. ,The study is based on a sample consisting of 270 UK firms over the 2005–2017 period. This study is motivated by moderating regression analysis. ,The results show that audit quality influences the corporate tax avoidance. Audit quality measured by two proxies audit specialization and audit fees has a negative effect on corporate tax avoidance. Board gender diversity “BGD” moderates the relationship between audit quality and tax avoidance. The impact of the BGD level increases as the presence of woman in the board escalated from 40 to 60 percent but, then, weakens at 10 percent level. ,The findings may be of interest to the academic researchers, practitioners and regulators who are interested in discovering relation between audit quality and tax avoidance with the presence of woman in the board. This study should be of interest to tax policymakers concerned about declining corporate tax revenues. ,This paper extends the existing literature by examining the moderating effect of BGD on the relation between audit quality and corporate tax avoidance using the sensitivity analysis.
Yüksek Fruktoz Tüketimi ve Kanser = High-Fructose Consumption and Cancer

From past to present rapidly increasing fructose and high-fructose sweetened beverages and food consumption prepare the ground for a variety chronic diseases. One of the these diet releated chronic diseases is cancer which is a major cause of deaths all over the world. High fructose and high-fructose sweetened beverages consumption are considered as the risk for certain types of cancer. Several epidemiological and clinical studies are available for this topic. According to the results of these studies, high fructose consumption is not a certain risk for cancer; levels at the recommended consumption are reported not to be a risk of chronic disease. It is recommended not to consume higher amounts of fructose than reliable levels to protect from chronic disease and to reduce the risk of cancer.
Medicinal flora of melghat for asthma: A review

The present study documented the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants from Melghat region used for asthma. A systematic literature survey from various sources enlists Melghat region’s 128 plants (Climbers (8), Grasses (4), Herbs (51), Orchids (3), Shrubs (31) and Trees (31) belongs to 110 genera from 51 plant families) and it provides traditional knowledge about use of plants and their parts for the treatment of asthma across the globe. Botanical name, families, common name, part used with relevant ethnobotanical citations were documented. This review attempts to explore Melghat medicinal plants used for treatment of asthma and thus offers scope for researchers engaged in herbal drug discovery and development.
Longitudinal changes in leptin and adiponectin concentrations through uncomplicated pregnancy

Abstract Background: Leptin and adiponectin play an important role during normal gestation; they are implicated in energy metabolism, glucose utilization and inflammation. Osteocalcin is released into circulation during bone formation; it also affects glucose metabolism by regulating insulin secretion and sensitivity, possibly mediated by adiponectin. The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal changes of leptin and adiponectin in pregnancy, and their associations with lipid profile, insulin and bone formation parameters in late pregnancy. Methods: Leptin, adiponectin, lipid status parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 aminoterminal propeptide (P1NP) were measured in the sera of 38 healthy pregnant women. The samples were obtained in the 1st, 2nd, early and late 3rd trimester, and post-partum. Results: Leptin was significantly increased in the 3rd trimester. The decrease of adiponectin was significant only in postpartum. Osteocalcin and P1NP increased in the late 3rd trimester and postpartum. Leptin was significantly positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), uric acid, insulin, osteocalcin, P1NP and CRP in the 3rd trimester; adiponectin was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and negatively with BMI, glucose, osteocalcin, triglycerides and insulin. Multiple regression analysis showed that only HDL is independently associated with adiponectin. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest complex interactions of leptin and adiponectin with glucose, lipid and bone metabolism during pregnancy. Adiponectin might be part of the protective systems that counterbalance a transient proatherogenic state observed in pregnancy mainly by improving the HDL levels. The exact mechanisms and potential implications in pathological states of pregnancy remain unexplained and require further investigation.
Prevalence of clinical, pathological and molecular features of glomerular basement membrane nephropathy caused by COL4A3 or COL4A4 mutations: a systematic review

Abstract Background Patients heterozygous for COL4A3 or COL4A4 mutations show a wide spectrum of disease, extending from familial isolated microscopic haematuria, as a result of thin basement membranes (TBMs), to autosomal dominant Alport syndrome (ADAS) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Many patients are mentioned in the literature under the descriptive diagnosis of TBM nephropathy (TBMN), in which case it actually describes a histological finding that represents the carriers of autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS), a severe glomerulopathy, as most patients reach ESRD at a mean age of 25 years. Methods We performed a systematic literature review for patients with heterozygous COL4A3/A4 mutations with the aim of recording the spectrum and frequency of pathological features. We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase and Scopus) using the keywords ‘Autosomal Dominant Alport Syndrome’ OR ‘Thin Basement Membrane Disease’ OR ‘Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy’. We identified 48 publications reporting on 777 patients from 258 families. Results In total, 29% of the patients developed chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 15.1% reached ESRD at a mean age of 52.8 years. Extrarenal features and typical Alport syndrome (AS) findings had a low prevalence in patients as follows: hearing loss, 16%; ocular lesions, 3%; basement membrane thickening, 18.4%; and podocyte foot process effacement, 6.9%. Data for 76 patients from 54 families emphasize extensive inter- and intrafamilial heterogeneity, with age at onset of ESRD ranging between 21 and 84 years (mean 52.8). Conclusions The analysis enabled a comparison of the clinical course of patients with typical ARAS or X-linked AS with those with heterozygous COL4A mutations diagnosed with TBMN or ADAS. Despite the consequence of a potential ascertainment bias, an important outcome is that TBM poses a global high risk of developing severe CKD, over a long follow-up, with a variable spectrum of other findings. The results are useful to practicing nephrologists for better evaluation of patients.
Ueber Desinfection am lebenden Organismus1)

Wenn wir unter Desinfection das Unsehädlichmachen der Infeetionsstoffe zu verstehen habeu, so gehört das, was ich Ihnen an dieser Stelle mitzutheilen gedenke, durchaus in das Programm des heutigen Tages, obwohl es sich dabei nicht um hygienisch-prophylaktische , sondern um medicinisch-th erapeutische Dinge handelt. Ich will Ihnen nämlich einige Thatsachen hier vorführen, welche zeigen, wie durch die Anwendung von desinficirenden Mitteln Infectionsstoffe im leb e nden Thierkörper unschädlich gemacht werden können. Die Mittel, welche man im Laufe der Jahrhunderte angewendet hat, um diejenigen Krankheiten, welche wir jetzt den Infectionskrankheiten zurechnen, zu heilen, sind unzählige; Die Geschichte derselben ist die Geschichte der Medicin. Entsprechend der wechselnden Auffassung von der Natur der hier in Frage kommenden Krankheiten, hat man das Nervensystem, die Herzthätigkeit, die Ernährungsorgane, die Hautthätigkeit zu beeinflussen gesucht, um den Ausbruch einer Krankheit zu verhüten, oderdie manifest gewordene zu heilen. Auch nach specifischen Mitteln, welche die Krankheit im Keime ersticken sollten, hat man von jeher gesucht und einige auch gefunden, so das Chinin, das Quecksilber, das Jod, die Salicylsäure. Seitdem man weiss, dass die Infectionskrankheiten durch belebte Krankheitskeime hervorgerufen werden, und seitdem die obengenannten Mittel als eergische Antiseptica bekannt sind, neigt man sich vielfach der Ansicht zu, dass die Heilwirkung gegenüber der Malaria, der Syphilis, dem Galenkrheumatisnius durch eine direkte Beeinflussung der Krankheitsursachen zu Stande komme. Indessen dürfen wir uns nicht verhehlen, dass der Beweis dafür noch keineswegs geliefert ist, Solange, als noch nicht ausserhalb des kranken Menschen zahlenmässig die abtödtende oder entwickelungshemmende Wirkung des Chinins auf die Malariaparasiten einwandsfrei gezeigt werden kann, so lange ist auch der Einwand, dass die Chininwirkung auf irgend welchem indirekten Wege zu Stande komme, nur mit grösserer oder geringerer Wahrscheinlichkeit zurückzuweisen. Von der Syphilis und dem Gelenkrheumatismus aber sind noch nicht einma.l soweit, wie bei der Malaria, die krankmachenden TJrsachen bekannt, und wir haben deswegen vorläufig noch weniger Aussicht, als beim Wechseifleber, die Frage zu entscheiden, ir' welcher Weise die hier in Betracht kommenden Heilmittel wirken. Diejenigen Versuche aher, welche früher angestellt wurden, um bei Bacterienkrankheiten mit genau bekannter Aetiologie mit bacterienfeindlichen Mitteln Eleilerfolge zu erzielen, z. B. bei milzbrandinficirten Thieren und bei tuberculösen Thieren und Menschen, scheiterten zunächst gänzlich. Ganz besonders entmuthigend wirkten dabei die beim Milzbrand gemachten Beobachtungen, welche zu beweisen schienen, dass desinficirende Mittel im lebenden Organismus ihre Wirkung verlieren. Als nämlich milzbrandinficirten Meerschweinchen Sublimat in solcher
DETERMINANTS OF KAIZEN ADOPTION BY SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN AFRICA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Kaizen is a Japanese word meaning a continuous improvement which involves both managers and workers in the workplace using relatively little expenses. The method originated from the United States of America and was imported and modified in Japan after the Second World War to resolve the challenge of scarce resources. Several businesses which adopted Kaizen confirmed its impact in waste reduction and productivity improvement. However, Kaizen adoption rate has been very low in the African countries. Thus, this study synthesizes determinants of Kaizen adoption by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in African countries. It specifically, assesses Kaizen related components and examines the determinants of Kaizen adoption by SMEs in African countries. A comprehensive review of twelve related empirical literature of African countries practicing Kaizen was assessed. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and those with scores of 50% or above were considered to be significant. The study found that Total Quality Management (59%), 5S Kaizen (25%), Lean Manufacturing (8%) and Quality Circles (8%) are Kaizen related components adopted by SMEs in twelve African countries. The study also found that, Top Management Commitment and Support (75%) (Attitude and facilitating conditions), Training and Education (67%) (Facilitating conditions), Teamwork, Employees Participation and Empowerment (50%) (self-efficacy) are critical determinants of Kaizen adoption by SMEs in African countries. The study implies that, African countries which practice Kaizen should focus on the Top Management Commitment and Support; Training and Education; Teamwork, Employees participation and Empowerment; as the key significant determinants of Kaizen to accelerate its implementation so as to enhance the SMEs’ productivity and performance
Short-term effects of air pollution on daily asthma-related emergency department visits in an industrial city.

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies from Europe and North America have provided evidence that exposure to air pollution can aggravate symptoms in asthmatic patients. METHODS Daily number of AEDv, air pollution levels (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO) and meteorological variables was obtained from Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia, for the period of 2007-11. Data were analyzed using a time-series approach. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS The associations between AEDv and PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 remained positive and statistically significant after mutual adjustment in the multi-pollutant model.The RR of AEDv increased by 5.4, 4.4, 3.4 and 2.2% per an inter-quartile range increase in SO2 (2.0 ppb), PM2.5 (36 μg/m3), NO2 (7.6 ppb) and PM10 (140 μg/m3), respectively. No significant associations between AEDv and CO were found. CONCLUSIONS Current levels of ambient air pollution are associated with AEDv in this industrial setting in the Middle East. Greater awareness of environmental health protection and the implementation of effective measures to improve the quality of air in such settings would be beneficial to public health.