Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interplay between identification and optimization in run-to-run optimization schemes

The use of measurements to compensate for model uncertainty and disturbances has received increasing attention in the context of process optimization. The standard procedure consists of iteratively using the measurements for identifying the model parameters and the updated model for optimization. However, in the presence of model mismatch, this scheme suffers from lack of synergy between the identification and optimization problems. This paper investigates the performance of run-to-run optimization schemes and proposes to modify the objective function of the identification problem so as to include the cost function and the constraints of the optimization problem. The weights of the various terms in the extended objective function axe based on Lagrange multipliers. The performance improvement obtained with the proposed methodology is illustrated via the simulation of a semi-batch reaction system.
Analysis of offensive technical actions on different playing surfaces in 5v5, 7v7 and 9v9 sided games in soccer

Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) / Education and Technical Development Department, Niederdorfstrasse 48. 8001 Zurich. Switzerland. National Institute of Physical Education (INEF), Polytechnic University of Madrid / Sports Department, C/ Martín Fierro, 7. 28040 Madrid, Spain. FIFA Medical Excellence Centre, Santy. Orthopedicae clinical, sport science and research department, Lyon, France, 24 Avenue Paul Santy. 69008 Lyon, France.
Preliminary assessment reveals tolerance to salinity and waterlogging (and these stresses combined) in Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa var. albomarginata)

Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa var. albomarginata) is a promising herbaceous new drought tolerant perennial forage legume for southern Australia. In valley floors or high rainfall areas of southern Australia it is common for species to be exposed to transient waterlogging and/or salinity stresses. Tedera's tolerance to these stresses is unknown. We are presenting the results of a hydroponic experiment in which four accessions were grown in an aerated nutrient solution for 20 days and then exposed to the following treatments: (i) stagnant, non-saline; (ii) aerated, 200 mM NaCl; (iii) stagnant, 200 mM NaCl; and (iv) aerated, non-saline control. After 27 days treatment, biomass of shoots and roots were measured and root morphology studied. Two of the accessions had the same shoot and root biomass in stagnant and control treatments, indicating good waterlogging tolerance. New lateral roots with aerenchyma were formed in the stagnant treatments, a typical response of waterloggi ng tolerant species. Both the aerated and stagnant saline treatments had significant reductions in shoot and root biomass; however, some plants were still green with no dead leaves and producing new shoots. These preliminary results are encouraging that there is variability within Tedera to select elite plants with enhanced tolerance to transient waterlogging and salinity.
Mathematics education research should come more often with breaking news

I feel it as a very great honor to be selected for the Svend Pedersen Lecture Award and I would like to thank the Department of Mathematics and Science Education of Stockholm University for showing interest in my work and evaluating it in such a positive way that it is worthy of receiving this award named after Svend Pedersen who is so important for you in Sweden in the field of science education research – and I assume this also includes mathematics education research. In particular, I appreciate Svend Pedersen’s effort to incorporate results from education research into the curricula of teacher education and give teachers and teacher educators access to results from education research.
European Insurance Markets in Face of Financial Crisis: Application of Learning Curve Concept as a Tool of Insurance Products Innovation â€“ Discussion

The paper aims to present the results of an assessment of development of insurance sector in chosen European countries like Poland, UK, Germany and France over the financial crisis especially from productâ€™s innovation point of view. The comparison between the level of taxonomic measures in two points in time let the Authors to write main conclusion that insurance markets have been not so innovative in chosen countries. The level of innovations have been especially law in terms of insurance offer (Products). The first part of the paper ends with a short description of so called new risks that impose a level of innovations within an insurance sector. The second part contains a discussion about possibility of using learning curve concept for the process of insurance product innovation especially products â€œ without claims history â€.
Effect of Yield and Price Risk on Conversion from Conventional to Organic Farming

Although the benefits of organic farming are already well known, the conversion to organic farming does not proceed as the Dutch government expected. In order to investigate the conversion decisions of Dutch arable farms, a discrete stochastic dynamic utility-efficient programming (DUEP) model is developed with special attention for yield and price risk of conventional, conversion and organic crops. The model maximizes the expected utility of the farmer depending on the farmer’s risk attitude. The DUEP model is an extension of a dynamic linear programming model that maximized the labour income of conversion from conventional to organic farming over a 10 year planning horizon. The DUEP model was used to model a typical farm for the central clay region in the Netherlands. The results show that for a risk-neutral farmer it is optimal to convert to organic farming. However, for a more risk-averse farmer it is only optimal to fully convert if policy incentives are applied such as taxes on pesticides or subsidies on conversion, or if the market for the organic products becomes more stable.
Degradation of inversion layer electron mobility due to interface traps in metal‐oxide‐semiconductor transistors

Degradation of inversion layer electron mobility during Fowler–Nordheim electron injection has been investigated using n‐channel metal‐oxide‐semiconductor transistors. The change of the reciprocal effective mobility, Δ(1/μEFF), has been found to be linearly related to the generated interface trap density, ΔNit, at a given effective electric field normal to the Si/SiO2 interface. The effect of trapped charges in the oxide on the mobility degradation is rather insignificant, which is attributed to the location of trapped charges from the Si/SiO2 interface. The dependence of mobility degradation on inversion layer electron density has also been explained using a transport theory based on two‐dimensional electron gas.
Social transfers and growth: The missing evidence from luminosity data

The effects of social transfers on growth are still unclear. The limitations of aggregated data at sub-national levels have confined the analysis to the use of simulation models and household surveys. As an alternative, this paper contributes to the empirical literature by assessing the effects of Colombiaâ€™s Familias en Accion, a human development cash transfer programme, on municipality level growth rates during its initial stage of implementation between 2000 and 2004. The natural experiment that resulted from the scaling-up of the intervention facilitated the set-up of a difference-in-differences analysis. The lack of sub-national GDP accounts is tackled by using luminosity data generated by satellites orbiting the earth, which have demonstrated to be a suitable proxy for economic growth and per capita growth. The results show that the programme can generate large positive effects on municipality level economic growth rates. Robustness checks confirm the reliability of these findings.
Application of high-precision temperature-controlled FBG filter and light source self-calibration technique in the BOTDR sensor system

A high-precision temperature-controlled narrow band-stop fiber Bragg grating (FBG) filter and light source self-calibration technique are proposed for application in the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) sensor system. With the proposed application, the BOTDR sensor system maintains good long-term stability and temperature precision through the reduction of the center wavelength drift in the FBG filters and corresponding decrease in the changes in light intensity. The experiment result shows that temperature precision of 1 °C and temperature stability of 0.7 °C can be achieved in a temperature sensor over a range of 8 km.
Wide band SAR sub-band splitting and inter-band coherence measurements

Range resolution of SAR images is determined by transmitted radar signal bandwidth. Most recent SAR sensors use wide band signals in order to achieve metric range resolution, whereas metric azimuth resolution can be achieved in spotlight mode. As an example, ENVISAT ASAR sensor uses a 15-MHz bandwidth chirp whereas TerraSAR-X spotlight mode uses signals having a 150-MHz bandwidth leading to a potentially 10 times higher resolution. One can also take advantage of wide band to split the full band into sub-bands and generate several lower resolution images from a single acquisition, each being centred on slightly different frequencies. These sub-images can then be used in a classical interferometric process to measure inter-band coherence of a given scene. This inter-band coherence reveals scatterers keeping a stable-phase behaviour along with frequency shift. A simple coherence model derived from Zebker model for randomly distributed surface scatterers is proposed. Examples are presented, showing that scatterers can have a behaviour that deviates from the model, leading to a new information channel.
Applications of Swarm Intelligence in Data Clusteri ng: A Comprehensive Review

Data mining is a growing area of research and devel opment. Data mining is the process of identifying t he hidden patterns and structures from massive volume of data. Data clustering is most important techniqu e of data mining and widely used in various domains i.e. web, E-com, biology, machine learning. Data Clustering refers to the process in which data objects are grouped into clus ters in such a way that objects within a cluster ha ve high similarity in comparison to one another but are dif ferent from objects in different clusters. Due to l arge application area, we need effective and efficient clustering al gorithms or methods which are scalable and can work on large databases, can handle complex shaped data. In recen t years, many algorithms have been developed for so lving clustering as well as numerical and combinatorial o ptimization problems. Swarm intelligence algorithms are most efficient in solution of such optimization problems . Swarm intelligence is an important area of Artifi cial intelligence. It is based on the collective or coll aborative behaviour of self organized agents like a nt's colony, bird's flocks, fish school, bee colony, bats, frogs, bacte rium etc. Clustering using different swarm intellig ence based metaheuristics is being used as an alternative to m ore conventional clustering techniques. If we consi der 'data clustering' as optimization problem, Data clusterin g with Swarm Intelligence algorithms are being used to generate better results in a wide variety of real-world data . In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on applications of various swarm intelligence techniques in data cl ustering.
Convergence and Contrasts in the Adoption of Cattle Ranching: Comparisons of Smallholder Agriculturalists and Forest Extractivists in the Amazon

The Amazon ranching sector is expanding due to powerful political economic forces, which has led diverse social groups to adopt cattle. This paper draws on multi-temporal household survey data of smallholder agriculturalists and forest extractivists and presents a dynamic comparative analysis of their cattle ranching practices. The first part of the analysis confirms expanding pasture and herds. The second part of the analysis compares aspects of ranching practices, and shows differences in capitalization and sales. The factors promoting ranching affect different locations and groups differently, and bear implications for the future of ranching in the Amazon.
Manhattan Penalty Based Multi-Modal System for Facial Recognition

In this paper, a new approach for multimodal biometric techniques has been proposed. The new proposed approach utilizes data fusion techniques at score level of the system algorithm. Three different feature extraction algorithms have been chosen to extract features from the face image database of the individuals. These feature extraction algorithms (Principal Component Analysis, Local Binary Pattern, and Discrete wavelets transform) are used alongside K-nearest neighbor classifier to compute different score values for the same individual. These raw score values are fused together using a newly proposed data fusion techniques based on Manhattan distance penalty weighting. The proposed Manhattan penalty weighting penalizes an individual for scoring low points and further pushes it away from the potentially winning class before data fusion is conducted. The proposed approach was implemented on two public face recognition databases; ORL face database and YALE face database. The results of the proposed approach were evaluated using the recognition rates and receiver operating characteristics of the biometric classification systems. Experimental results have shown that the proposed multimodal system performs better than the unimodal system and other multimodal systems that used different data fusion rules (e.g. Sum Rule or Product Rule). In ORL database, the recognition rate of up to 97% can be obtained using the proposed technique
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard

Abstract. Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies ( 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N : P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. We propose that, for the studied glaciers, nutrient levels related to recycling of limiting nutrients are the main factor driving variation in the community structure of microalgae and grazers.
Environmental-Geomorphological Study on the Holocene Mire Development in the Daisetsuzan Mountains, Central Hokkaido, Northern Japan

The Daisetsuzan Mountains has been under a favorable clirnatic condition for mire development since about 7,500 y.B. P. There is, however, a difference in origin of mires between below and above the timber line. The occurrence of the mires below the timber line was significantly controlled by topographic factors, related to volcanic activities and landslides which caused the destruction of forest vegetation and the formation of depressions. On the other hand, the occurrence of the mires above the timber line, that is in the alpine zene, was controlled by climatic factors, affecting the position of timber line, the structure of alpine vegetation and the distribution of snow patches. The beginning of the mire formation in the Daisetsuzan Mountains dates back to about 7,500 y.B. P. After about 4,OOO y.B. P., many mires began te develop in the alpine zone: according to the result of pollen analysis, Picea and Cyperaceae increased remarkably, which suggests that the climate became cooler than the previous period and the meadow dorninated by Cyperaceae expanded in the alpine zone. Since about 2,OOO y.B. P., the cool climatic condition has been kept, and the peat accumulation in the mires has continued. Bank (Kermi) and hollow (Schlenke) complexes and palsas are the most important micretopographies in the mires of the Daisetsuzan Mountains. Bank and hollow complexes are originated frorn solifluction lobes which were formed before the beginning of peat accumulation. Palsas related to permafrost are located only in the mire on the south of Hiragatake (1,72e m a.s.1.) in the Daisetsuzan Mountains of all the mountains of Japan. Key Werds: the Daisetsuzan Mountains, mire, alpine zone, pollen analysis, bank and hollow cemplex, palsa. 1. IRtroduction 1.1 Significance and purpose of the study The formation of mires is controlled by complex interactions among topography, clirnate, hydrology and vegetatioR. Therefore, the deposit of mire, especially peat, plays a very important role in the reconstruction of paleoenvironment around the mire. In mountains where erosional processes are generally dominant, the mire studies are more significant, since the paleoenvironmental records are well preserved in mires than in other locations. Not on}y the deposit, but also various kinds of microtopography of mires ref}ect themselves the past and present environments in which mires have developed. 94 Environmental Science, Hol
Comparative study of self-efficacy between individual and team game players

This study comparatively analyzed self-efficacy in individual and team game players. For this purpose 50 players were randomly selected and equally distributed in two groups of individual and team games. It was hypothesized that there will be significant difference in self-efficacy among the players of individual and team games. To compare this t-test was applied; further Levene’s test for equality of variances was used. In results F-value of 0.659 was found greater than p-value of 0.409 which confirmed equality of variances. Further it was found that t-value is insignificant as calculated p-value . 348 is greater at 0.05 level of significance thus leading to conclusion that there is a insignificant difference in Self Efficacy among Individual game players and Team game players.
Structure and Features of Sigma-Delta Modulators

The article highlights the main advantages of Sigma-Delta (ΣΔ) converters comparing to Nyquist-rate converters. For the sake of comparison there are presented the main technical characteristics of industrial digital-to-analogue converters (DACs), the description of an ΣΔ DAC structure in case of a 1-bit and multibit quantizer, the analytical description of operation of a 1st order modulator as well as presentation of noise shaping. Also, the analysis of clearer noise shaping was given. Some discussion on application of modulators in power DACs accompanied with its won nuances was presented. There were given several variants on how to increase signal-to-noise ratio (through increasing of oversampling ratio, heightening the order, increasing the number of steps and using multibit quantizers), as well as some problems which arise and aren’t solved in powerful ΣΔ DACs. Ill. 10, bibl. 11 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CODING-ASSISTED SWARM COMMUNICATIONS

Swarm communications represent some of the main solutions proposed for large content distribution in the current and future data communication networks. One of the possible solutions to improve the performance of swarm communication is represented by the use of Digital Fountain and Network Coding techniques integrated in the data exchange between swarm peers. The paper proposes a comparative study of the non-coded and coding assisted swarm communications in different settings related to the amount of employed signaling, supersymbol size, supersymbol number, and number of initial seeds. The study is based on computer simulations performed in some particular network topology and the goal is to identify the settings of coding assisted swarm communications which ensure significant decrease of its content distribution time.
An Improved Intravenous Fluid Rate Determination Using Fuzzy Logic

Recently, medical experts have shown that the determination of appropriate intravenous fluid rate (IFR) for intensive care unit (ICU) patient is not too efficient when based on Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and Hourly Urine Output (HUO) for an ideal clinical situation. This paper increased the parameters to four by including Heart Beat Rate (HBR) and Central Venous Pressure (CVP) to determine the exact value of IFR. A Mamdani fuzzy type model was employed to develop a reasoning mechanism for four input variables and the method of Centre of area was used to derive a better result. The input variables were formed on rule base system which resulted into 81 different combinations of all possible situations. The process was implemented with fuzzy logic toolbox 2.1 in MATLAB 6.5. An interactive graphical user interface was designed as front end to accept values and display results. The developed software permits the saving of information which could form a medical database for decision making by the medical experts. A series of data were collected and entered into the developed interface which generated output result. In comparing the two-parameter based technique (MAP, HUO) with the new fourparameter (MAP, HUO, HBR and CVP), it was found that there was discrepancy in the rate of the IFR such that most patients (92%) were not given appropriate intravenous fluid. It was also found that IFR values based on latter tested significantly better than IFR values based on the former when compared with human expert judgments.
Case Study of Biomass Development Policy Model in West Sumbawa Region

This study aims to develop renewable energy policy models concerning biomass for rural electrification; to identify factors that influence price of feed in tariff determination, in particular wood-based biomass,; and designing the role of social forest as raw materials for bio-pellet industry in sustainable supply chain. Research method using soft systems methodology is the application of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) and Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST). The results showed that key elements of development policy model are feasible biomass energy tariff, competent human resources, coordination among related local government offices and community participation. It requires support regulatory from local governments, inventory of land use and forest area, and support of community leaders. Keywords : bio-pellet industry; feed in tariff; Interpretative Structural Modeling ; SAST; social forest