Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF CORTISOL HORMONE LEVELS AMONG CAPTIVE GORILLA USING SALIVA AND URINE CORTISOL BY NAMIRIMU SOLOME BBLT

ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Statement of the problem.2 1.3 Justification/significance of the study.3 1.4 Overall objective.3 1.5 Specific Objectives . 3 1.6 Research questions.4 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW.5 2.1 Taxonomy of gorilla . 5 2.2 Social structure of mountain gorillas . 5 2.3 Habitat of mountain gorillas . 6 2.4 Actual and potential threats to gorillas . 6 2.5 Feeding habits of gorillas.7 2.6 Parental care among gorillas . 7 2.7 Stress in gorillas.8 2.7. 1 Cortisol level in saliva . 10 2.7. 2 Cortisol levels in urine . 12
Investigating metrics for architectural assessment

An empirical study is described using data collected during 50 architecture audits of large industrial telecommunications systems performed over a period of two years. The goal of this study was to develop metrics that could be used to differentiate between projects that are at high risk of failure and those at low risk. These metrics would be computed following an architecture audit before coding has begun, allowing measures to be taken to correct identified problems very early in the development lifecycle. Detailed information is presented about the use of the proposed risk prediction metric for seven of the systems for which we provided architecture audits.
Improved ribosome-footprint and mRNA measurements provide insights into dynamics and regulation of yeast translation

Ribosome-footprint profiling provides genome-wide snapshots of translation, but technical challenges can confound its analysis. Here, we use improved methods to obtain ribosome-footprint profiles and mRNA abundances that more faithfully reflect gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results support proposals that both the beginning of coding regions and codons matching rare tRNAs are more slowly translated. They also indicate that emergent polypeptides with as few as three basic residues within a 10-residue window tend to slow translation. With the improved mRNA measurements, the variation attributable to translational control in exponentially growing yeast was less than previously reported, and most of this variation could be predicted with a simple model that considered mRNA abundance, upstream open reading frames, cap-proximal structure and nucleotide composition, and lengths of the coding and 5’-untranslated regions. Collectively, our results reveal key features of translational control in yeast and provide a framework for executing and interpreting ribosome-profiling studies.
Modelagem Dinâmica do Uso e Cobertura das Terras para o Controle da Erosão na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Mogi-Guaçú e Pardo - São Paulo - Brasil

O objetivo deste artigo e a modelagem da dinâmica do uso e cobertura das terras na Bacia-Hidrografica dos Rios Mogi-Guacu e Pardo no Estado de Sao Paulo. Ele foca a restauracao dos servicos ecossistemicos do controle da erosao. Sao descritos e analisados a dinâmica do uso e cobertura das terras, focados nas suas principais forcas direcionadoras, tais como a legislacao ambiental do pais e as mudancas nos precos relativos favorecendo uma forte expansao do cultivo da cana-de-acucar na regiao. Esta dinâmica tem importante impacto nas taxas de erosao cujas medidas metodologicas sao apresentadas com os resultados obtidos. Para simular esta dinâmica foi desenvolvido um modelo seguindo a metodologia do MIMES. O algoritmo desenvolvido modela as mudancas do uso e cobertura das terras baseado principalmente na forca das leis ambientais. Espera-se que esta dinâmica contribua para a restauracao dos servicos ecossistemicos da Bacia Hidrografica.
Serum Neopterin as a Novel Marker for Carotid Artery Stenosis in Community Subjects

Background: Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is one of the major high-risk mechanisms of stroke. Neopterin, an immune modulator secreted by macro-phages, has been reported to be elevated in patients with cerebrovascular dis-ease. However, an association between serum neopterin level and CAS has not been firmly established. Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional relation-ship between serum neopterin levels and CAS assessed by ultrasound. Meth-ods: The study participants were volunteers in a community-based cohort aim-ing to prevent stroke in Guangzhou. Bilateral carotid artery ultrasonography was performed to assess the carotid atherosclerosis. After participant criterion screening and random sampling, finally 140 subjects were studied in our pre-sent study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measured serum neopterin concentrations. Results: Neopterin level in the CAS and con-trol group was 5.4 (3.3 - 7.3) nmol/L and 4.6 (3.6 - 5.4) nmol/L respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). After multivariate adjusted, neopterin levels remained an independent factor. With per 1.0 nmol/L (approximately 1 IQR) increasing, the OR value was 1.84 (95% CI: 1.25 - 2.71, P < 0.05). ROC curve of serum neopterin concentrations for the prediction of CAS revealed that the area under curve was 0.665 (P < 0.01). The cutoff value of 5.1 nmol/L had a sensitivity of 68.6% and specificity of 61.5% in detecting CAS. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that circulating neopterin level is increased in subclinical carotid atherosclerosis population with CAS and reinforce the key roles of inflammatory response in the pathogenesis.
Comparison of two intervention programmes in young female players in European handball – with and without ankle disc

Introduction: The prevention of injuriesin all sports calls for a structured plan. The plan consists, as earlier described, of four steps. We have previously presented studies incorporating all four steps. The studies have shown that it is possible to prevent most injuries in young female players in European handball by applying a training programme combining the use of an ankle disc with functional strength training. In the previous studies we were not able to discriminate whether the preventive effect was due to the functional strength training or the training with the ankle disc. The aim of this study was to compare a programme with ankle disc and functional strength training with a programme with functional strength training only.
Serial passage of the parasite Crithidia bombi within a colony of its host, Bombus terrestris, reduces success in unrelated hosts

In the wild, Bombus spp. bees may contract infections of the trypanosome parasite Crithidia bombi from their nestmates or from others while foraging on contaminated flowers. We expected that as C. bombi is transmitted repeatedly among related workers within a colony, the parasite population would become more successful in this relatively homogeneous host population and less successful in individuals from unrelated colonies of the same or different species. To test our prediction, we serially passaged cocktails of C. bombi strains through workers from the same colony, taking the intensity of infection in related versus unrelated workers as a measure of parasite success at each step in the serial transfer. Using a repeated measures ANOVA, we found the ability of C. bombi to exploit Bombus spp. hosts did not increase within a colony, but did decrease for infections in workers from unrelated colonies. This reduction in success is most likely due to a gradual loss of appropriate C. bombi strains from the infecting the population as the cocktail is ‘filtered’ during the serial passage within a given colony, without a corresponding increase in overall intensity of the surviving strains.
Skin diseases of the vulva: inflammatory, erosive-ulcerating and apocrine gland diseases, zinc and vitamin deficiency, vulvodynia and vestibulodynia

Abstract Chronic, inflammatory and ulcerating mucocutaneous diseases that can affect the vulvar area are reviewed: lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, plasma cell vulvitis, complex aphthosis, Behcet’s disease, pyoderma gangrenosum, metastatic Crohn’s disease, dyskeratotic skin diseases (Hailey–Hailey disease and Darier’s disease), autoimmune bullous diseases (mucous membrane pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris) and hidradenitis suppurativa. Also, vulvodynia and vestibulodynia, zinc and vitamin B deficiency are described.
Chloroquine, quinine and quinidine inhibit calcium release from macrophage intracellular stores by blocking inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate binding to its receptor

The binding of many ligands to cellular receptors induces a signaling cascade which generates inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 binding to its receptors in various internal compartments causes a rapid Ca2+ efflux into the cytosol. We now demonstrate that chloroquine blocks ligand‐induced Ca2+ mobilization without affecting IP3 synthesis. The effect is independent of the ligand employed and occurred with five unrelated ligands; namely, α2‐macroglobulin‐methylamine, angiotensin II, bradykinin, carbachol, and epidermal growth factor. Chloroquine, quinidine, and quinine, however, block binding of [3H]IP3 to its receptors by 90%, 88%, and 71%, respectively. These observations suggest a previously undetected mechanism by which these agents may in part function as antimalarials. J. Cell. Biochem. 64:225–232. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EFFECT OF THE SELECTED IMMUNOSTIMULATORS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTION PARAMETERS OF SOWS

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of immunostimulation of sows during the perinatal period (Biostymine, Lydium-KLP) on physiological-production parameters of the sows: haematological and biochemical blood indices, colostrum and milk composition and fatty acid profile, physical (pH) and cytological (somatic cells count - SCC) parameters as well as results of reproduction and rearing of piglets. None effect of the examined immunostimulators on the most of the studied traits and indices was found. There were the changes in pH, energy level and composition of milk. Additionally, the changes in fatty acid profile in milk fat were recorded; they consisted in significantly lower or higher participation of certain fatty acids in the samples, collected from the sows which received Biostymine, as compared to the group, receiving Lydium-KLP and/or groups which did not receive any additive.
Financial distress prediction of Tehran Stock Exchange companies using support vector machine

The main objective of this study is to evaluate and to compare the power to predict company financial distress by utilizing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to the multiple-discriminant analysis and the logistic regression models. Companies approved for acceptance into Tehran Stock Exchange Market between 2007 and 2013 comprise the statistical population for the study. In order to predict financial distress based on financial ratios such as profitability, activity ratio, ratios per share, etc. by using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), the sample data has been divided into two separate groups: the training group and the experimental group. The training set is made up of 540 year-company and the experimental set is comprised of 120 companies in 2013. Finally, conclusions obtained from SVM, multiple-discriminant analysis and the logistic regression models for predicting financial failure were surveyed and compared. Results of testing hypothesis indicate with a 95% certainty ratio that there is a significant difference in the average prediction accuracy of the three models. Consequently among the three, the SVM model has the highest accuracy level for predicting company financial failure and the multiple-discriminant analysis model has the lowest.
A Survey on Ambient Intelligence in Healthcare

Ambient intelligence (AmI) is a computing paradigm wherein conventional input and output media no longer exist. Instead, sensors and processors are integrated into conventional objects that harmonize with people in their living situations. AmI relies on artificial intelligence (AI) to perform these duties. It obtains contextual information from embedded sensors, interprets it, and adapts the environment to interpreted needs. The paper provides set of computational methodologies enabling the development of enhanced Aml healthcare applications.
Footprints of selection in the ancestral admixture of a New World Creole cattle breed

Admixed populations represent attractive biological models to study adaptive selection. Originating from several waves of recent introduction from European (EUT), African (AFT) and zebus (ZEB) cattle, New World Creole cattle allow investigating the response to tropical environmental challenges of these three ancestries. We here provide a detailed assessment of their genetic contributions to the Creole breed from Guadeloupe (CGU). We subsequently look for footprints of selection by combining results from tests based on the extent of haplotype homozygosity and the identification of excess/deficiency of local ancestry. To tackle these issues, 140 CGU individuals and 25 Brahman zebus from Martinique were genotyped at 44 057 SNPs. These data were combined to those available on 23 populations representative of EUT, AFT or ZEB. We found average proportions of 26.1%, 36.0% and 37.9% of EUT, AFT and ZEB ancestries in the CGU genome indicating a higher level of African and zebu ancestries than suggested by historical records. We further identified 23 genomic regions displaying strong signal of selection, most of them being characterized by an excess of ZEB local ancestry. Among the candidate gene underlying these regions, several are associated with reproductive functions (RXFP2, PMEPA1, IGFBP3, KDR, PPP1R8, TBXA2R and SLC7A5) and metabolism (PDE1B and CYP46A1). Finally, two genes (CENTD3 and SAMD12) are involved in cellular signalization of immune response. This study illustrates the relevance of admixed populations to identify footprints of selection by combining several tests straightforward to implement on large data sets.
Effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on EGFR- or Fusion Gene-driven Lung Cancer Cells.

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to bind to several receptors including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors are effective for non-small cell lung cancers harboring activating EGFR mutations and ALK or c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusion genes, respectively. We investigated the effects of EGCG on EGFR- or fusion gene-driven lung cancer cells such as PC-9, RPC-9, H1975, H2228 and HCC78. The five cell lines had similar sensitivity to EGCG. Phosphorylated (p)EGFR, pAkt and pErk in PC-9, RPC-9 and H1975 cells were suppressed by EGCG (50 or 100 μM). EGCG also inhibited pALK in H2228, pROS1 in HCC78, and pErk and pAkt in both cell lines. All the xenograft tumors established using the 5 cell lines in EGCG-treated groups were significantly smaller than the tumors in the vehicle-treated groups. The numbers of tumor blood vessels of xenograft tissues in EGCG-treated mice were significantly lower than those in vehicle-treated mice. In conclusion, EGCG may be effective for EGFR-driven lung tumors irrespective of the presence of T790M, and for ALK or ROS1 fusion gene-driven lung tumors.
On dot-depth two

Etant donnes des entiers positifs m1, …, mk, on definit des congruences ~(m1, …, mk) en relation avec une version du jeu de Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse, et qui correspondent au niveau k de la hierarchie de concatenation de Straubing. Etant donne un alphabet fini A, une condition necessaire et suffisante est donnee pour que les monoides definis par ces congruences soient de dot-delpth exactement 2
Pulse oximetry: Its origin and development

Pulse oximetry is a method to monitor oxygen saturation of the arterial blood noninvasively and continuously. This method has become indispensable in almost all aspects of modern medical practice, especially for life support in anesthesia. This is an unexpected great pleasure for me as the inventor of pulse oximetry. But I believe that pulse oximetry is no more than the first fruits of a new concept of noninvasive monitoring of the blood which might be called "pulse spectro-photometry". I would like to explain the origin of this idea and its development as the pulse oximeter, together with a new application to the dye dilution method.
Improving the Utility of Social Media Data to Emergency Responders through Emotional Content Detection

In the following paper, we will present an alternate method for the detection of emotional content within social media data. Current research has presented the traditional bag-of-words method in which a predefined corpus is used to measure the emotional context of each word within a message. Here we present a method in which a small subset of the data is labeled to generate a corpus which is then used to detect emotional content within the data. This research is being conducted on the dataset from hurricane Sandy in 2012. Our findings show an improvement upon the bag-of-words method. These findings would further the current research in improving the utilization of social media data within crisis response. In doing this we allow the average citizen to provide beneficial data to those in decision making roles. KEywoRDS Emotion, Hurricane, Sandy, Sentiment, Trust, Twitter, Usefulness
Autologous stem-cell transplantation in diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma not achieving complete response after induction chemotherapy: the GEL/TAMO experience.

BACKGROUND Here we evaluate the results of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation (HDC/ASCT) in 114 patients included in the GEL/TAMO registry between January 1990 and December 1999 with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who failed to achieve complete remission (CR) with front-line conventional chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-eight per cent had a partial response (PR) and 32% failed to respond to front-line therapy. At transplant, 35% were chemoresistant and 29% had two to three adjusted International Prognostic Index (a-IPI) risk factors. RESULTS After HDC/ASCT, 57 (54%) of 105 patients evaluable for response achieved a CR, 16 (15%) a PR and 32 (30%) failed. Nine patients were not assessed for response because of early death due to toxicity. With a median follow-up of 29 months for alive patients, the survival at 5 years is 43%, with a disease-free survival for complete responders of 63%. The lethal toxicity was 8%. Multivariate analysis revealed a-IPI and chemoresistance to be predicting factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that one-third of patients who do not obtain a CR to front-line chemotherapy may be cured of their disease with HDC/ASCT. However, most chemoresistant patients pretransplant failed this therapy. For this population, as well as for those who presented with adverse factors of the a-IPI, pretransplant novel therapeutic modalities need to be tested.
An Improved Model for Quasi-Ballistic Transport in MOSFETs

We have already presented a compact model for FETs operating in the quasi-ballistic regime [1]. However, this model suffers from two important problems: 1) the profile for charge density along the channel is not correctly accounted for and 2) current is not conserved throughout the channel. In this brief, we propose improvement, which does away with these inaccuracies.
The study on the constant switching frequency direct torque controlled induction motor drive with a fuzzy sliding mode speed controller

This paper presents a high performance direct torque control (DTC) theme for the induction motor (IM). To solve those problems associated with conventional DTC, such as high current, flux and torque ripple, variable switching frequency, the space vector modulation (SVM) is implemented in the DTC to guarantee the constant switching frequency of the inverter. Meanwhile, the design of a robust speed controller based on fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) is proposed, in which a fuzzy logic controller replaces the discontinuous part of the classical sliding mode control law. The simulation results of the proposed theme present good dynamic and steady-state performances as compared to the classical DTC with proportional-integral (PI) controller from aspects of the reduction of the torque ripple, the quickly dynamic torque response and robustness to disturbance.
Effect of diet composition on pregnancy outcome in overnourished rapidly growing adolescent sheep

When pregnant adolescent sheep are overnourished to promote maternal growth during pregnancy, growth of the placenta is impaired and results in the premature delivery of low birth weight lambs relative to control-fed adolescents of equivalent age. These effects have been achieved by feeding two levels of the same complete diet. The present study evaluated the role of protein in pregnancy outcome in our adolescent sheep paradigm. Adolescent ewes were implanted with single embryos on day 4 post-oestrus. Thereafter ewes were offered ad libitum an isoenergetic diet (11·4 MJ metabolisable energy/kg DM) containing either 12 % (basic, B) or 17 % (extra, E) crude protein. At day 75 of gestation, half the pregnant ewes on each protein level were switched to yield four groups, BB, EE, BE and EB protein. A further optimally nourished control group received a moderate quantity of a ration (14 % crude protein) designed to provide 100 % of the estimated energy and protein requirement of the adolescent sheep according to stage of pregnancy. Pregnancy outcome was determined at term. Feed intakes were independent of protein level in the four groups of ewes fed ad libitum and were higher (P < 0·001) than in the control group throughout. Maternal plasma urea concentrations reflected the current crude protein content of the diet offered and were elevated in the 17 % compared with 12 % protein groups (P < 0·001). Within groups fed ad libitum, maternal plasma insulin, glucose, NEFA and homocysteine concentrations were largely independent of protein level. Gestation length, placental weight, lamb birth weight and initial colostrum yield were reduced (P < 0·05) in all groups fed ad libitum relative to the optimally nourished control group. Similarly, total colostrum IgG, butterfat, lactose and crude protein content at parturition were attenuated in the ad libitum compared with the control groups. However, within ad libitum groups pregnancy outcome parameters were largely unaffected by level or timing of exposure to high protein intakes. The data imply that it is high-energy intakes that are the primary cause of impaired placental development and adverse pregnancy outcome in rapidly growing adolescent sheep.
Halachic Infertility: Rabbis, Doctors, and the Struggle over Professional Boundaries

This article analyzes a public controversy surrounding the hormonal treatment of infertility associated with observance of rabbinic law to illuminate the reach of rabbi-doctor relations in a local configuration of religion and biomedicine that I call “kosher medicine. ” I combine a historical perspective on the evolution of religious laws governing menstruation, and the rabbi-doctor relations with a contemporary ethnography of these relations and laws to illuminate the interplay of continuities, discontinuities, tradition, and modernity and their uses and abuses in the contemporary mode of interpenetration between observant Judaism and biomedicine. The controversy highlights asymmetric permeations into biomedical and rabbinic professional domains. Collaborations persist as long as doctors who declare their incompetence in rabbinic law accommodate to demands of rabbis who are expert in it and also claim competence to challenge medical decisions. Once a doctor demonstrates competence in rabbinic law to challenge rabbinic directives a crisis develops.
Effect of antibiotics on the nasal flora in acne patients.

The nasal flora was studied quantitatively in 14 patients receiving antibiotics for acne, 17 other acne patients, and 24 patients without acne not on antibiotics. Antibiotic treated acne patients more often carried enterobacteria (71%) and had diminished numbers of S aureus and lipophilic diphtheroids in the nose. The reciprocal relationship between Saureuscarriage and carriage of enterobacteria was confirmed.