Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of compound droplet dynamics and separation of immiscible liquids on EWOD DMF

This work reports the experimental study of the dynamics of micro-droplets composed of two immiscible liquids and their separation into constituent phases in response to electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidics (DMF) actuation. Separating phases of a compound droplet without leaving any residue of one phase to the other is a big challenge but much needed for successful operations in many droplet-based microfluidics applications such as in liquid-liquid microextraction. In this study, such challenge is thoroughly addressed for the first time by addressing the role of viscosity ratio on the separation performance of two immiscible liquid phases. Also, quantitative analysis of compound droplet deformation has been performed.
A Physical Charge-Controlled Model for MOS Transistors

As MOS devices scale to submicron lengths, short-channel effects become more pronounced, and an improved transistor model becomes a necessary tool for the VLSI designer [10]. We present a simple, physically based charge-controlled model. The current in the MOS transistor is described in terms of the mobile charge in the channel, and incorporates the physical processes of drift and diffusion. The effect of velocity saturation is included in the drift term. We define a complete set of natural units for velocity, voltage, length, charge, and current. The solution of the dimensionless current-flow equations using these units is a simple continuous expression, equally applicable in the subthreshold, saturation, and "ohmic" regions of transistor operation, and suitable for computer simulation of integrated circuits. The model is in agreement with measurements on short-channel transistors down to 0. 35μ channel length.
Circadian and ovarian influences on tissue glycogen in female rats.

Influences of circadian rhythm and ovarian cycles upon the glycogen content of heart, liver, fast twitch red muscle, and fast twitch white muscle were studied in female rats, weighing between 150–300 g. Red vastus muscle demonstrated a significant circadian rhythm during estrus and metestrus, with peak glycogen levels at 0800 h and nadirs at 2400 h. When the data were expressed only as a function of time of day, a significant ultradian rhythm existed, with highs at 0800 and 2000 h and lows at 1200 and 2400 h. White vastus muscle demonstrated a circadian rhythm during estrus, metestrus, and diestrus. Fluctuations ranged from 7.75 mg/g (0800 h) to 2.75 mg/g (2000 h). Myocardial circadian rhythms existed during estrus and metestrus, with peak glycogen concentrations occurring during metestrus (7.23 mg/g at 0800 h) and low concentrations occurring during estrus (3.0 mg/g at 2000 h). Hepatic glycogen content demonstrated circadian rhythms throughout all phases of the estrus cycle. The most dramatic fluctuation.
Effects of Industrial Waste Disposal on the Surface Water Quality of U-tapao River, Thailand

Careless disposal of untreated industrial waste on surface water might affect the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of river ecosystem. U-tapao, one of the main rivers of Songkhla lake basin of Thailand is not exceptional one and seriously polluted by industrial waste disposal which come out from different factories on the both sides of river. Untreated waste water from industries discharge on surface water is the leading cause of high biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate, phosphate and low oxygen contents on river. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of industrial waste disposal on surface water quality of U-tapao River. Both the effluents and the water at selected points in the river were analyzed for pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, suspended solids, nitrate, and phosphate in the dry and wet seasons. The results of study showed that the effluents were acidic in both dry and wet seasons on most of sampling stations. While the levels of biological oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, suspended solids were relatively high in dry season. Water at upstream was neutral and high dissolved oxygen where as water at downstream acidic and low dissolved oxygen. This study indicates that industrialization on the U-tapao river basin has contributed to the large scale pollution and this polluted water is not good for human consumption. It is therefore recommended that the disposal untreated wastes should be stopped to save the river water from further deterioration.
Silage microbiology and its control through additives

Ensiling is a method of preserving a moist crop. A moist crop can support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, most of which will degrade the nutrient value to livestock. However, ensiling generally controls microbial activity by a combination of an anaerobic environment and a natural fermentation of sugars by lactic acid bacteria on the crop. This fermentation and the resulting low pH primarily suppress the growth of other anaerobic microorganisms. The fermentation can also inhibit yeasts, molds and aerobic bacteria, but the anaerobic environment is essential to preventing most of the spoilage microorganisms from growing. Inoculants have become the dominant additives for making silage. Homofermentative strains help guarantee a rapid suppression of anaerobic stains early in storage, increase dry matter recovery and have improved animal performance by means that we do not fully understand. Inoculants containing Lactobacillus buchneri, a heterofermentative species capable of fermenting lactic acid to acetic, are recent additives. The added acetic acid inhibits yeast and mold growth, increasing aerobic stability of silages at feeding.
Convex-Split and Hypothesis Testing Approach to One-Shot Quantum Measurement Compression and Randomness Extraction

This paper concerns the problem of quantum measurement compression with side information in the one-shot setting with shared-randomness. In this problem, Alice shares a pure quantum state with Bob and the reference system. She performs a measurement on her registers and wishes to communicate the outcome to Bob using shared-randomness and classical communication. The outcome that Bob receives must be correctly correlated with the reference system and his own registers. Our goal is to concurrently minimize the classical communication and shared-randomness cost. The suggested protocol presented in this paper is based on convex-split and position based decoding. The communication is upper bounded in terms of smooth max and hypothesis testing relative entropies. A second protocol addresses the task of strong randomness extraction in the presence of quantum side information. The protocol provides an error guarantee in terms of relative entropy (as opposed to trace distance) and extracts close to the optimal number of uniform bits. As an application, we provide a new achievability result for the task of quantum measurement compression without feedback, in which Alice does not need to know the outcome of the measurement. The result achieves the optimal number of bits communicated and the required number of bits of shared-randomness, for the same task in the asymptotic and i.i. d. setting.
Machine scoring model using data mining techniques

— this article proposed a methodology for computer numerical control (CNC) machine scoring. The case study company is a manufacturer of hard disk drive parts in Thailand. In this company, sample of parts manufactured from CNC machine are usually taken randomly for quality inspection. These inspection data were used to make a decision to shut down the machine if it has tendency to produce parts that are out of specification. Large amount of data are produced in this process and data mining could be very useful technique in analyzing them. In this research, data mining techniques were used to construct a machine scoring model called ‘machine priority assessment model (MPAM)’. This model helps to ensure that the machine with higher risk of producing defective parts be inspected before those with lower risk. If the defective prone machine is identified sooner, defective part and rework could be reduced hence improving the overall productivity. The results showed that the proposed method can be successfully implemented and approximately 351,000 baht of opportunity cost could have saved in the case study company.
Side-fenestrated catheter decreases leakage at the urethrovesical anastomosis after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to analyse whether a side-fenestrated urinary catheter can decrease the frequency of anastomotic leakage after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP). Material and methods. Two-hundred and fifty patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing RALP were randomized into standard and side-fenestrated catheter groups in a prospective randomized study. The catheter was fenestrated at the site of the anastomosis to improve drainage. A cystogram was taken at 7 ± 2 days postoperatively to verify the watertightness of the anastomosis. The patients were monitored for 3 months. Results. The study included 106 patients with the standard and 108 patients with the fenestrated catheter. Leakage at the urethrovesical anastomosis was found in 13/106 (12.3%) of the standard and 5/108 (4.6%) of the side-fenestrated catheter patients (p = 0.044). Discomfort induced by the catheter and urinary leakage beside the catheter did not differ between the groups. The clinical and pathological characteristics and complications were equal between the groups. Conclusions. The side-fenestrated catheter decreased leakage rates at the urethrovesical anastomosis after RALP.
Evaluation of Statistical Models for Clear-Air scintillation Prediction Using Olympus Satellite Measurements

The objective of this study is to evaluate and to compare some of the statistical models for the monthly prediction of clear-air scintillation variance and amplitude from ground meteorological measurements. Two new statistical methods, namely the direct and the modelled physical-statistical prediction models, are also introduced and discussed. They are both based on simulated data of received scintillation power derived from a large historical radiosounding set, acquired in a mid-latitudue site. The long-term predictions derived from each model are compared with measurements from the Olympus satellite beacons at the Louvain-la-Neuve site at 12·5 and 29·7 GHz and at the Milan site at 19·77 GHz during 1992. The model intercomparison is carried out by checking the assumed best-fitting probability density function for the variance and log-amplitude fluctuations and analysing the proposed relationships between scintillation parameters and ground meteorological measurements. Results are discussed in order to understand the potentials and the limits of each prediction model within this case study. The agreement with Olympus measurements is found to be mainly dependent on the proper parametrization of prediction models to the radiometeorological variables along the earth–satellite path. ©1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is osteoarthritis a systemic disorder of bone?

OBJECTIVE To describe the osteologic findings associated with osteoarthritis (OA) of a variety of joints. METHODS We performed visual examination of 563 skeletons of which >/=80% of the skeleton was available, from an archaeologic site in England. The surfaces and margins of several different joints (shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, hands, knees, and ankles) were studied for evidence of eburnation and osteophytes, respectively, and the entire skeleton was examined for evidence of generalized enthesophyte formation. Associations between changes in different joint sites and between enthesophyte formation and evidence of OA were sought. RESULTS Eburnation and osteophyte formation at the hand, hip, and knee were strongly associated with eburnation and osteophytes at other joint sites not commonly thought to be prone to OA, including the elbow and wrist. Only the ankle was rarely involved. There was also a strong relationship between both bone eburnation and osteophytes and generalized enthesophyte formation. These findings remained statistically significant after adjustment for the age, sex, and historical period of the skeletons. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that skeletal OA is more widespread in the body than is apparent from clinical studies and are consistent with other data suggesting that OA is a disease that is primarily dependent on systemic predisposition to a particular type of bone response to mechanical stress.
An Apolipoprotein Influencing Triglycerides in Humans and Mice Revealed by Comparative Sequencing

Comparison of genomic DNA sequences from human and mouse revealed a new apolipoprotein (APO) gene (APOAV) located proximal to the well-characterized APOAI/CIII/AIV gene cluster on human 11q23. Mice expressing a human APOAVtransgene showed a decrease in plasma triglyceride concentrations to one-third of those in control mice; conversely, knockout mice lackingApoav had four times as much plasma triglycerides as controls. In humans, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across theAPOAV locus were found to be significantly associated with plasma triglyceride levels in two independent studies. These findings indicate that APOAV is an important determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, a major risk factor for coronary artery disease.
Optimization of binary LDPC codes for the q-ary symmetric channel with moderate q

We study the optimization of binary LDPC codes for the q-ary symmetric channel with moderate alphabet sizes q. For q = 2m, a coding scheme can be viewed as a front-end mapping q-ary symbols to groups of m bits connected to a binary code. We derive a factor graph representation of the front-end and show that it can be processed with a complexity linear in m, the number of bits per symbol. We perform an extrinsic information transfer chart analysis and use it for code optimization.
CSF somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in dementia of Parkinson's disease.

nous desequilibrium in cerebellar infarction. Eur Neurol 1977;16:11-15. 4 Huang CY, Yu YL. Small cerebellar strokes may mimic labyrinthine lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48:263-5. 5 Kompf D. Der benigne pseudovestibulare kleinhiminsult. Nervenarzt 1986;57:163-6. 6 Rubenstein RL, Norman DM, Schindler RA, Kaseff L. Cerebellar infarction. A presentation of vertigo. Laryngoscope 1980;90:505-14. 7 Samson M, Mihout B, Thiebot S, Second G, Weber J, Proust B. Forme benigne des infarctus cerebelleux. Rev Neurol 1981;137:373-82. 8 Amarenco P, Hauw JJ. Anatomie des arteres cerebelleuses. Rev Neurol 1989;145:267-76.
The effect of systemic hypoxia on interstitial and blood adenosine, AMP, ADP and ATP in dog skeletal muscle

1 We investigated the effect of moderate systemic hypoxia on the arterial, venous and interstital concentration of adenosine and adenine nucleotides in the neurally and vascularly isolated, constant‐flow perfused gracilis muscles of anaesthetized dogs. 2 Systemic hypoxia reduced arterial PO2 from 129 to 28 mmHg, venous PO2 from 63 to 23 mmHg, arterial pH from 7.43 to 7.36 and venous pH from 7.38 to 7.32. Neither arterial nor venous PCO2 were changed. Arterial perfusion pressure remained at 109 ± 8 mmHg for the first 5 min of hypoxia, then increased to 131 ± 11 mmHg by 9 min, and then decreased again throughout the rest of the hypoxic period. 3 Arterial adenosine (427 ± 98 nm) did not change during hypoxia, but venous adenosine increased from 350 ± 52 to 518 ± 107 nm. Interstitial adenosine concentration did not increase (339 ± 154 nm in normoxia and 262 ± 97 nm in hypoxia). Neither arterial nor venous nor interstitial concentrations of adenine nucleotides changed significantly in hypoxia. 4 Interstitial adenosine, AMP, ADP and ATP increased from 194 ± 40, 351 ± 19, 52 ± 7 and 113 ± 36 to 764 ± 140, 793 ± 119, 403 ± 67 and 574 ± 122 nm, respectively, during 2 Hz muscle contractions. 5 Adenosine, AMP, ADP and ATP infused into the arterial blood did not elevate the interstitial concentration until the arterial concentration exceeded 10 μm. 6 We conclude that the increased adenosine in skeletal muscle during systemic hypoxia is formed by the vascular tissue or the blood cells, and that adenosine is formed intracellularly by these tissues. On the other hand, adenosine formation takes place extracellularly in the interstitial space during muscle contractions.
Eosinophils and Cancer

Eosinophils have long been known to infiltrate tumors, and in most cases, this is associated with an improved prognosis. However, the reasons behind this infiltration and the mechanism of action of the eosinophil have remained elusive. In this article, we explore the biology of eosinophils and examine their function in homeostasis and disease states, specifically focusing on what is currently known about the association of the eosinophil with cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 2(1); 1–8. ©2014 AACR.
GABAergic Agents Modify the Response of Chick Scleral Fibroblasts to Myopic and Hyperopic Eye Cup Tissues

Abstract Purpose: GABA antagonists inhibit experimental myopia in chick and GABA receptors have been localized to chick sclera and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE and the choroid alter scleral DNA and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content in vitro; opposite effects have been observed for tissues from myopic and hyperopic eyes. The aim was to determine the effect of GABAergic agents on the DNA and GAG content of chick scleral fibroblasts directly and in co-culture with ocular tissues from myopic and hyperopic chick eyes. Materials and Methods: Primary cultures of fibroblastic cells expressing vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin were established. GABAergic agents were added separately (i) to the culture medium of the scleral cells and (ii) to the culture medium of the scleral cells with the addition of posterior eye cup tissue (retina, RPE, retina + RPE, choroid + RPE) to cell culture inserts. Ocular tissues were obtained from chick eyes wearing + 15D (lens-induced hyperopia, LIH) or −15D lenses (lens-induced myopia, LIM) for three days (post-hatch day 5–8) (n = 12). GAG and DNA content of scleral fibroblasts were measured. Results: GABA agents had a small direct effect on scleral cell GAG and DNA content but a larger effect was measured when GABA agents were added to the culture medium with myopic and hyperopic RPE and choroid + RPE tissues. GABA agonists increased (p = 0.002) whereas antagonists decreased (p = 0.0004) DNA content of scleral cells; effects were opposite for scleral GAG content. GABA agents significantly altered the effect of both LIM and LIH tissues (p = 0.0005) compared to control; the effects were greater for LIM tissue versus LIH tissue co-culture (p = 0.0004). Conclusion: GABAergic agents affect the DNA and GAG content of scleral fibroblasts both directly and when co-cultured with ocular tissues. GABA antagonists that prevent myopia development in chick model could act via a scleral mechanism utilizing the RPE/choroid.
Korean Online Game's Platform Competition under Two-Sided Market Characteristic

While the growth of total game market size slowed down and the arcade game industry started to shrink, the online game market keeps increasing, attaining 26.5% annual growth rate for the early 2010's. Korea's online game business is especially popular, so that the size is about US$ 4 billion, which is 64.2% of Korea's total game industry. In 2013, Game market size and online game market size were estimated to be about US$ 9 billion and US$ 7 billion, respectively. From a standpoint of sales, the game market in Korea US$ 4.95 billion accounts for 5.8% of the world game market and almost one third of the world online game market. Its growth rate is higher than that of the world game market. The online game markets in Korea and China have common characteristics that can be distinguished from other countries: two-sided market with very low switching costs. This paper is to study the important factors that affect Korean online game's platform competition. The authors empirically investigate network externalities by using various variables in online game industry in Korea. The authors found the number of games available in a platform positively affects its market share, while the diversity of games and generality of game rating had no significant impacts. The authors also found that multi-homing or overlap of games increases an online platform's market share when the platform is relatively new. However, multi-homing decreases market share when it becomes mature. Having done our empirical and academic analyses, the authors draw practical implications that may help decision makers in Korea's online game businesses.
What Can We Learn about Inflation Targeting ? Evidence from Time-Varying Treatment Effects

Recent studies that evaluate inflation targeting through average treatment effects generally conclude the window-dressing view for industrial countries and policy effectiveness for developing countries. Allowing for a time-varying relationship (treatment effect) between the monetary policy and its effects on economic performance over time, this paper provides new findings. First, developed countries lower inflation and reach their targets rapidly in two years and developing countries reduce inflation and move to their targets gradually in that disinflation still continues seven years after the policy adoption in our sample. Second, intertemporal tradeoffs occur for eight developed-country targeters. That is, targeting inflation significantly reduces inflation at the costs of higher inflation and growth variability and a lower output growth in the short-run, although no substantial effects in either the medium term or long-run. In contrast, no costs, only gains, emerge for thirteen developing-country targeters. Now, targeters achieve lower inflation following policy adoption as well as lower inflation and output growth variability in the short-run, medium term, and long-run. Output growth catches up in the medium term, although this effect is not significant in the long run. Interpretations of empirical findings and implications for monetary policy are discussed.
Fidelity of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) in Differentiating Skeletal Muscle From Liver Damage

This study tested the hypothesis that gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) can be used as a reliable biomarker to distinguish skeletal muscle from liver damage. Twenty-eight Duchenne muscular dystrophy subjects with proven dystrophin gene mutations were enrolled. Included were 14 ambulatory and 14 nonambulatory patients with approximately half of each cohort taking corticosteroids. Twenty normal males served as controls. Initial blood samples for serum GGT and creatine kinase were taken between 8AM and 9AM and redrawn 8 hours later to test for variability. Between blood draws, subjects resumed normal activities in a play environment or could leave the clinic. Not a single duchenne muscular dystrophy patient showed a GGT outside the control range at any time point, while creatine kinase levels were 14 to 200 times normal. Validation of this finding is essential for management of patients with muscle disorders exposed to potentially hepatotoxic drugs for clinical management or monitoring subjects participating in clinical trials.