Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 3D-1D-0D Computational Model for the Entire Cardiovascular System

In the present work a computational model of the entire closed cardiovascular system is established. This model stands for the integration of different levels of circulation. Indeed, the arterial tree is described by a one dimensional model in order to simulate the propagation phenomena that takes place at the larger arterial vessels. The inﬂow and outﬂow locations of this 1D model are coupled with proper lumped parameter descriptions (0D model) of the remainder part of the circulatory system. At each outﬂow point we incorporate the peripheral circulation in arterioles and capillaries by using a 0D three-component Windkessel models. In turn, the whole peripheral circulation converges to the venous system through the upper and lower parts of the body, for which we set two corresponding major venous circulation circuits (superior and inferior vena cava). Then, the right and left heart circulation, as well as the pulmonary circulation are accounted for also by means of 0D models. Particularly for the four cardiac valves we employ a valve model allowing for the regurgitation phenomenon during the valve closing. Finally, the 0D model of the left ventricle is coupled with the inﬂow boundary in the 1D model, closing the system. In addition, we consider the existence of 3D models accounting for the detailed aspects of blood ﬂow in speciﬁc vessels of interest. The resulting integrated model (3D-1D-0D coupled model) forms a closed loop network capable of taking into account the interaction between the global circulation (1D-0D Models) and the local hemodynamics (3D models). Several situations of interest are presented showing the capabilities of the model.
The electric multipole expansion for a magic cube

Recent studies of the rotational properties of magic cubes are extended to a corresponding electrical problem. While expecting the dipole moments of magic cubes to vanish, it was a surprise to find their quadrupole moments also vanished. These properties are shown to follow from the RCP (row, column, pillar) symmetry of the orthogonal line sums, namely the semi-magic property of the cubes, which opens up the conclusions to a much wider class of charge distributions.
A COMPREHENSIVE UNIFIED MODEL OF STRUCTURAL AND REDUCED FORM TYPE FOR DEFAULTABLE FIXED INCOME BONDS

The aim of this paper is to generalize the comprehensive structural model for defaultable fixed income bonds (considered in R. Agliardi, A comprehensive structural model for defaultable fixed-income bonds, Quant. Finance 11 (2011), no. 5, 749–762. ) into a comprehensive unified model of structural and reduced form models. In our model the bond holders receive the deterministic coupon at predetermined coupon dates and the face value (debt) and the coupon at the maturity as well as the effect of government taxes which are paid on the proceeds of an investment in bonds is considered. The expected default event occurs when the equity value is not enough to pay coupon or debt at the coupon dates or maturity and an unexpected default event can occur at any time interval with the probability of given default intensity. We consider the model and pricing formula for equity value and using it calculate expected default barrier. Then we provide pricing model and formula for defaultable corporate bonds with discrete coupons, and consider the duration and the effect of the government taxes.
Knotting and unknotting of phase singularities: Helmholtz waves, paraxial waves and waves in 2+1 spacetime

As a parameter a is varied, the topology of nodal lines of complex scalar waves in space (i.e. their dislocations, phase singularities or vortices) can change according to a structurally stable reconnection process involving local hyperbolas whose branches switch. We exhibit families of exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation, representing knots and links that are destroyed by encounter with dislocation lines threading them when a is increased. In the analogous paraxial waves, the paraxial prohibition against dislocations with strength greater than unity introduces additional creation events. We carry out the analysis with polynomial waves, obtained by long-wavelength expansions of the wave equations. The paraxial events can alternatively be interpreted as knotting and linking of worldlines of dislocation points moving in the plane.
Dynamic Behavior of a Multi-Legged Planetary Rover of Isotropic Shape

This study deals with a new type of rover of isotropic shape composed of a regular dodecahedron shaped center body and twelve deployable legs. One of the most advantageous features is that the rover never encounters loss of mobility caused by overturning. In this paper, the equations of the motion governing the dynamic behavior are expressed for the in-plane case. The equations include interaction between the legs and the planet surface, and they are applicable to a dynamic model not only on a horizontal plane but also on a sloped surface. By usingthe equations, the behavior of the rover on a sloped surface is calculated as one of the typical dynamic simulations.
The Implementation of a High Efficiency Full-Bridge Converter

A high efficiency full-bridge converter is investigated and implemented in this paper. The measured data result from the other converter implemented by IC UCC3895 is to compare with that of the previous converter. This full-bridge converter proposed and implemented converter can obtain about 96% power efficiency in conversion procedure when compared with that of 90%, which were ever published by the conventional techniques. Apart from, the L-C resonance circuits were developed and embedded into the popular PWM (pulse width modulation) power converter, which is referred as the soft-switching, so as to down sizing the volume of the IC which can totally reduces the power losses caused in the duration of a semi-con- ductor switching.
Energy evolution and the Bose-Einstein enhancement for double parton densities

In this paper we found that the Bose-Einstein enhancement generates the strong correlations, which increase with energy in the BFKL evolution. This increase leads to the double parton densities ( $\Phi$), that are much larger than the product of the single parton densities ($\phi$). However, numerically, it turns out that the ratio $\Phi/\phi^2 \propto \Lb 1/x\Rb^{\delta_2}$ with $\delta_2 \sim \bas/\Lb N^2_c - 1\Rb^{2/3}\,\,\ll\,\,1$ and we do not expect a large correction for the accessible range of energies. However, for $N_c=3$ it tuns out that $\delta_2 = 0.07 \Delta_{\rm BFKL}$ where $\Delta_{\rm BFKL}$ is the intercept of the BFKL Pomeron and we can anticipate an substantial increase for the range of rapidities $Y \sim 20$. It is shown that all $1/(N^2_c -1)$ corrections to the double parton densities stem from the Bose-Einstein enhancement.
REVIEW—Transformation Toughening in Ceramics: Martensitic Transformations in Crack‐Tip Stress Fields

The toughness of ceramics can be substantially enhanced by inducing a martensitic transformation in the stress field of the dominant crack. The specific characteristics of martensitic transformations pertinent to this toughening process are examined in this paper. A generalized model of the toughening is developed, which indicates the specific roles of the transformation parameters on the expected magnitude of the toughening. Finally, the implications of the analysis for the development of high-toughness ceramics are discussed.
Atomic scale structure and optical emission of AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells

A combined study of the optical and structural properties of AlGaAs/ GaAs quantum wells is presented. Microphotoluminescence experiments, magnetomicrophotoluminescence, and atomically resolved crosssectional scanning tunneling microscopy were performed on the same quantum well sample. Constant-current topographs with aluminum and/or gallium sensitivity are used to directly extract disorder potentials. Using these potentials, exciton absorption spectra, microphotoluminescence spectra, and diamagnetic shifts of individual exciton states are calculated in an envelope function approximation. Very good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is found.
Native-speaker and English as a lingua franca pronunciation norms: English majors’ views

Within the communicative approach to English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching, the aims of instruction are primarily to enable learners to communicate; hence, functional and communicative intelligibility has become the goal of pronunciation training. On the other hand, contemporary approaches to EFL teaching leave sufficient room for accommodating the individual learner and contextual factors which largely influence the choice of the target pronunciation models. Moreover, in a globalized world, where English has become a contemporary lingua franca for intercultural communication, the pronunciation norms of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) appear to meet the needs and expectations of learners of English in international settings, coexisting with or replacing native-speaker pronunciation models as the target of instruction. The ELF approach and the Lingua Franca Core elaborated by Jenkins (2000, 2002) have aroused controversy among both researchers and EFL teachers. The paper presents the findings of a questionnaire study involving 234 Polish students, English majors, which aimed to determine their preferences and opinions concerning native-speaker and ELF norms as pronunciation instruction targets. The findings revealed a strong preference for native-like pronunciation models in the subjects’ own language development and a less strong preference for such models in pronunciation teaching at all levels of proficiency. Moreover, the results pointed to the significant role played by the intensity of pronunciation training and the level of awareness of native-speaker pronunciation models in shaping the subjects’ attitudes toward native-like and ELF pronunciation norms.
Local Authorities Participation in the Tourism Planning Process

The aim of this article is to explore the weaknesses and strengths of local authorities in terms of their participation in the tourism planning process in Turkey. A two-page questionnaire was applied, along with structured interviews with 71 administrators of metropolitan, provincial, and district authorities, between January 1 and September 31, 2011. The findings of the survey suggest that tourism planning responsibilities should be devolved to local authorities. Local authorities do not extensively participate in tourism planning at present because of inadequate budgeting and tourism allocation facilities, insufficient cooperation among stakeholders, and a domination of central administration traditions. Causes of insufficient participation in tourism planning statistically differ among local authorities, in terms of insufficient realizations of the importance of tourism planning by stakeholders, and public land allocation for the purpose of tourism. On the other hand, there is a statistically significant difference between local authorities that have a tourism master plan and those who do not, in terms of a lack of educational opportunities for planners.
Delayed Recursive State and Input Reconstruction

The unknown inputs in a dynamical system may represent unknown external drivers, input uncertainty, state uncertainty, or instrument faults and thus unknown-input reconstruction has several wide-spread applications. In this paper we consider delayed recursive reconstruction of states and unknown inputs for both square and non-square systems. That is, we develop filters that use current measurements to estimate past states and reconstruct past inputs. We further derive necessary and sufficient conditions for convergence of filter estimates and show that these convergence properties are related to multivariable zeros of the system. With the help of illustrative examples we highlight the key contributions of this paper in relation with the existing literature. Finally, we also show that existing unbiased minimum-variance filters are special cases of the proposed filters and as a consequence the convergence results in this paper also apply to existing unbiased minimum-variance filters.
Remote sensing of snow using bistatic radar reflectometry

Author: Komanduru, Abi, C. MSAAE Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: December 2016 Title: Remote Sensing of Snow using Bistatic Radar Reflectometry. Major Professor: James Garrison Snow and ice processes are a critical part of the Earth’s hydrological and climate cycles. These processes can serve as an important source of fresh water as well as a cause of flooding. Various missions have been proposed by NASA and ESA for the purpose of remote sensing of snow. This research looks at applying bistatic radar reflectometry to the remote sensing of snow water equivalent. The resulting phase offset from changes in optical path length due to reflection through snow are the primary measurements made. The research uses data from a field campaign in Fraser, CO, involving an instrument collecting direct and reflected from S band during Jan 2015 – Apr 2015. Phase measurements from the field data are made from the two signals and compared to theoretical phase computed from a forward model using in-situ data. A moderate correlation (>0.6) is found between the measured and modeled phase.
Dimensions of Organizational Coordination

It is hard, if not impossible, to assume anything about agents’ behavior in a society with heterogeneous agents from different sources. Organizations are used to restrict and guide the agents’ actions such that the global objectives of the society are achieved. We discuss how agents can be supported to include organizational objectives and constraints into their reasoning processes by considering two alternatives: agent reasoning and middleware regulation. We show how agents can use an organizational specification to achieve organizational objectives by delegating and coordinating their activities with other agents in the society, using the GOAL agent programming language and the OperA organizational model.
Genetic structure and diversity of two highly vulnerable carcharhinids in Australian waters

Molecular techniques were employed to investigate genetic structure and diversity in dusky Carcharhinus obscurusand sandbar C. plumbeussharks in the Indo-Australian region. Tissue samples of 423 C. obscurusand 442 C. plumbeusdefined 18 and 11 mtDNA ND4 haplo- types, respectively. For C. obscurus, weak genetic differentiation was detected be tween eastern and western Australian waters (pairwise Φ ST = 0.04437, p 100 at any particular location. Off Australia's temperate east coast, C. obscurusand C. plumbeusexhibited strong sim- ilarities in genetic structure, suggestive of similar evolutionary histories in the region. In addition, genetic validation revealed observers to be highly accurate in the identification of both target spe- cies in an eastern Australian shark fishery. Our findings contribute valuable information for the management and conservation of both species.
Global Regularity of ∂ on an Annulus between a Q-pseudoconvex and a P-pseudoconcave Boundary

We consider the ∂̄ problem over an annulus Ω ⊂⊂ Cn between an internal p-pseudoconcave and an external q-pseudoconvex hypersuface respectively. We prove that the C∞(Ω̄)-cohomology of ∂̄ on antiholomorphic forms of degree k for q + 1 ≤ k ≤ p− 1 is finite-dimensional.
Ethics Boards : Homogenization of Inquiry and Policing of Carceral Knowledge

This article illustrates how authoritative regulatory practices that research ethics boards may deploy when assessing non-traditional social research may pave the way to a homogenization of inquiry and forms of policing of knowledge. The authors sought institutional ethics clearance from multiple research ethics boards in the case of a critically-oriented participatory action-based study with formerly incarcerated persons in Canada. Evidence is provided from two case studies. Two unexpected challenges were encountered from research ethics board members. The first challenge was related to the board’s stereotypical bias about the violent potential of former prisoners (as co-researchers and participants). The second challenge was related to an overly cautious interpretation of federal ethical guidelines leading to the exclusion of Indigenous peoples from the project. Both challenges have in common that they point to research ethics boards’ possible role in the policing of knowledge which may jeopardize researchers’ ability to engage in critical scholarship.
OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE WITH WIDE AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

SUMMARY Continuous growth in electricity consumption and cross-border trading activities without adequate system extensions leads to increased utilisation of power systems and higher complexity in their operation. Transmission system operators are therefore frequently faced with quick changes in operational conditions and significant variations in power flow patterns. In the light of these factors, monitoring the dynamics and maintaining the integrity of power systems is becoming increasingly important. State-of-the-art technology and specialized software applications provide utilities with the means to safely make the maximum use of the available transmission capacity in a dynamic environment. The basic principles and philosophy of such a wide area measurement and on-line monitoring system are described. Operational experiences and system performance are related as well as future perspectives and applications for wide area protection and control.
Enhancing Innovation Performance Through Exploiting Complementarity in Search Breadth and Depth

Innovation speed is central to competitive advantage. Since innovation is a complex process of bundling technologies and solving problems, enhancing innovation speed could require ambidextrous search strategies. Empirical work on innovation search has identified both tradeoffs and synergies between search-breadth and search-depth on the number of innovations firms introduce, the radicalness of innovations, or on firm-performance at large. The innovation-speed literature has focused on “development factors” enabling firms to accelerate their innovative efforts. Both literatures, however, have not been connected to date and we do not know if breadth and depth allows firms to problem-solve more effectively, thus improving innovation speed. The study suggests that explorative and exploitative search can lead to more efficient problem-solving and speed up the innovation process, providing competitive advantages quite distinct from affecting the rate and magnitude of innovation.
Tuta Absoluta: A Global Looming Challenge in Tomato Production, Review Paper

Tomato is very important vegetable crop of the world. It is consumed as fresh table tomato and as raw material for food processing industries. However, the production of this important vegetable crop is facing unprecedented challenge from South American originated pest known by the local name tomato leaf miner and scientific name Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Tomato leaf miner is a devastating pest of tomato and other Solanaceous crops in many vegetable crop growing areas around the world. Despite its recent introduction, it has become a major economical pest of both outdoor and greenhouse tomatoes in the Middle East, Mediterranean basin of Europe and North and Eastern Africa. Under heavy infestation yield loss in the range of 80-100% is common. Regarding its life cycle, this pest has high rate of reproduction and short life cycle. The damaging stage of tomato leaf miner is the larval stage. After egg hatching, the larvae make a way into tomato fruits, leaves, flower buds and young shoots on which they feed and develop creating mines and galleries. Key words: Tuta absoluta; tomato, Distribution, Chemical control, Bio-control, Damage
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SELF-ASSESSMENTS, IMPLICIT THEORIES OF RISK AND MEDICAL WORKERS’ PERSONAL RISK READINESS

The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between self-assessed readiness to risk, implicit theories of risk and personal risk readiness in the following comparative analysis of samples: 1) medical versus non-medical students (the latter also specializing in a “human-to-human” type of profession) and 2) medical students versus practicing doctors. Differences in the measured variables were analyzed between the two student groups and the sample of doctors (the latter was compared with medical students). For each of the three groups, the relationships between all the measured variables were identified and the intergroup differences in the established relationships were described. It is identifies that the doctors to a greater extent rather than medical students perceive risk as “insufficiency of rationality” and as “an impossibility to prognosticate”. For medical students, an implicit theory of “hedonistic risk” is expressed to a greater extent than in case with the doctors. For all three samples, links are established between self-assessed readiness to risk and the implicit theory of “deliberate risk”. But only for medical students, this self-assessment is significantly associated with the implicit theory of “hedonistic risk”.
The economic value of the R&D intangible asset

This study utilizes firm-specific time-series data to estimate the economic value of the research and development (R&D) expenditures that investors consider an asset to the firm. The study uses a modification of the Ohlson (1995) model to estimate the persistence of abnormal earnings, the proportion of current R&D expenditures that represents a source of future benefits to the firm and the amortization rate of that asset. The parameters are estimated from time-series data of market and book values of equity, earnings and R&D expenditures. The study further compares the firm-specific estimates with those resulting from an application of a cross-sectional estimation procedure based on all available companies in the sample and industry-specific sub-samples. Results indicate the existence of significant differences in some two-digit SIC code industries between the time-series and the cross-sectional estimates of the parameters and the economic value of the R&D asset. Differences in the capitalization parameter are associated with the growth in R&D, the profitability of the firm, R&D intensity and the concentration of the industry. Differences in the persistence of earnings are related to the concentration ratio. Finally, differences in the estimated economic value of the R&D asset are associated with the profitability of the company as measured by its return on assets. We further compare the associations between the three different estimates of the R&D asset and subsequent stock returns, as well as the contemporaneous difference between the market and book value of companies. Results indicate that the time-series estimates of the R&D asset show stronger associations with both variables, followed by the intra-industry and the cross-industry cross-sectional estimates. Overall, our results provide evidence that market participants behave as if R&D expenditures have significant future economic benefits to the firm, and show that the cross-sectional and time-series approaches followed when assessing its economic value provide significantly different estimates.
First Case of Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris) Infanticide off Reunion Island: Necropsy's Findings and Post Mortem Inter-Species Interactions

Inter-specific interactions have been recorded worldwide between different sympatric cetacean species (see [1] for a review). Although the formation of mixed-species groups may generally provide benefits for at least one of the species involved, such as foraging and/or social advantages or protection against predators [2,3], aggressive and threatening behaviours that can lead to lethal attacks have also been reported [4-7].