Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth stimulation of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae) arising from AMF-isolate inoculation.

Seedlings of Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) were studied to examine the growth stimulation effects arising from different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Nine AMF-isolates were used for inoculation treatment. As soil factors can favour specific endophytes and modulate their symbiotic effectiveness, three soil types with different mineral nutrient regimes were considered in the experiments. Seeds were germinated in clay pots and, after inoculation with AMF, cultivated in growth chambers under controlled environmental conditions (experiment 1), or under natural conditions (experiments 2 and 3). After the primary leaves emerged, endophyte establishment was examined weekly. Mycorrhizal plants were harvested and subjected to several measurement criteria to ascertain growth rates and variation. Considerable differences were found between the plants inoculated with different AMF-isolates. These effects were also influenced by the soil type employed. Statistical analysis shows significant differences within the mean results of the growth characteristics, except for the number of lateral roots criterion. Noteworthy, AMF can promote or inhibit shoot and root growth of P. ginseng in a distinct manner, and the rate and variation is dependent on the AMF-isolate and the available soil nutrients. Hence, practical application of AMF in the agricultural production of P. ginseng is suggested. However, it is very important to clarify the suitability of the AMF-isolates employed in connection with the field soil type and/or the soil fertilization regime.
GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN THE ENDANGERED FROG INSUETOPHRYNUS ACARPICUS (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE)

Insuetophrynus acarpicus is a poorly known frog restricted to the temperate forests of the coastal range of Chile (39° 25' S, 73° 10' W). Until recently, this species was known only from one type locality since its original description in 1970. However, in 2002 two new localities were reported, extending its distribution range to about 40 km 2 . In order to evaluate genetic divergence, provide a preliminary evaluation of the genetic diversity of this species and the phylogenetic relationships among individuals from the three known populations, we analyzed the nucleotide variation of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. We sampled just two or four individuals per population of this endangered frog. We found a low nucleotide divergence among populations suggesting a genetic homogeneity across the entire range. This highlights the need for further studies to define the conservation status of this endangered frog.
Áreas naturales protegidas del Estado de México. Diagnóstico de sus programas de manejo vigentes

En Mexico, el Articulo 46 de la LGEEPA -maxima legislacion en materia ambiental-, establece que, el PM, debe ser realizado dentro del plazo de un ano contado a partir de la publicacion de la declaratoria respectiva en el Diario Oficial de la Federacion (DOF) del ANP. A pesar de lo anterior son una minoria las ANP que cuentan con un PM, lo cual, como menciona Barranco (2010), se refleja en “asentamientos humanos irregulares, falta de ordenamiento y regulacion en el cambio de uso de suelo, tala ilegal de arboles y extraccion clandestina de recursos vegetales, entre otros” (pag. 414). Con esta investigacion, se pretende conocer la situacion que presentan los PM de las ANP Estatales, en el Estado de Mexico, al ser esta la entidad mas poblada, la segunda economia mas importante del pais y aquella que presenta, dentro de su territorio, una variedad de climas, paisajes y ecosistemas, reflejadas en una diversidad de flora y fauna que debe ser conservada.
Survival and Movements of Post-Fledging American Kestrels Hatched from Nest Boxes

Abstract Population declines of cavity-nesting birds are being recorded worldwide with degraded habitat, reduced prey availability, and limited nest-site availability implicated as potential causal factors for declines. A possible aid for avian species limited by breeding-site availability is the construction of nest boxes. Although nest boxes are commonly used for Falco sparverius (American Kestrels), little is known about the survival of young from fledging to the onset of migration. Using radiotelemetry, we recorded post-fledging survival and movement of 11 juvenile American Kestrels in northeastern Connecticut from June to September 2013. We used the Kaplan-Meier procedure, adjusted for staggered entry of individuals over time, to estimate daily survival at 0.270 (95% CI 0.01, 0.53) at the onset of migration. Causes of mortality included predation (n = 4 American Kestrels), exposure (n = 2), and unknown (n = 1). During the post-fledging period, the farthest net distance that we recorded for an American Kestrel from its natal box was 16.1 km. The 3 American Kestrels that we tracked from the nest box to the onset of migration demonstrated different patterns: one made a sudden, long-distance movement to a site 8 km away from the nest box; one undertook a series of 1–5-km movements away from the nest box and eventually settled in an area 2 km from the nest box; and one made consistent movements between the nest-box area and sites 1–5 km away. Our results indicate that although many young American Kestrels die within the first month of fledging, those that survive make pre-migratory movements up to 16 km from their nest box. Extending conservation and management efforts beyond the nest-box area may be an important step towards maintaining American Kestrel populations.
Genetic implications of culturing Australasian snapper (Chrysophyrs auratus) from wild-caught eggs for stock enhancement

This thesis represents the first study into the genetic implications of culturing a marine finfish from wild-caught eggs (the ACAAR technique), for use in stock enhancement. This technique should facilitate the capture of genetic diversity in the cultured fish, while also dispensing with the need to maintain a large broodstock in the hatchery. This study was conducted with Chrysophrys auratus from Cockburn Sound in Western Australia. Nine, polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to compare the genetic composition between a sample of wild adults of C. auratus from spawning aggregations in Cockburn Sound and a sample of juveniles cultured using the ACAAR technique. The levels of genetic diversity present in the wild sample, in terms of allelic richness and heterozygosity, were maintained in the juveniles cultured using this technique and their release would likely pose little risk to genetic diversity in the wild. Overall, the allelic compositions were similar between the wild adult and cultured juveniles samples, although some rare alleles were absent in each population due to sampling bias, and bottleneck effects in the cultured juveniles. The levels of inbreeding and relatedness detected in the cultured juveniles were low, and similar to that of the wild adult sample, suggesting that juvenile releases would be unlikely to increase levels of inbreeding in the wild. It is also likely that a large number of effective breeders ( > 133) contributed to the cultured juveniles, thereby lowering the risk of inbreeding, or reductions to the wild effective population size, upon release. These findings together suggest that the ACAAR technique poses a limited risk to the genetic integrity of the wild population, should these fish be released for stock enhancement. It may also serve as a suitable alternative to traditional culturing for other aggregate spawning marine finfish. Further, suggestions are made for the improvement of the ACAAR culturing technique and for improvements to the genetic analyses.
Mammary Gland Tumors in Irradiated Untreated Guinea Pigs

This is a report of mammary gland tumors from 62 guinea pigs. The tumors arose in the terminal ductal-lobular units as either lobular acinar carcinoma or cystadenocarcinoma or 2) as papillary carcinomas within large ducts near the mammilla. About half the number of the males had terminal ductal-lobular carcinomas and all but 2 of the papillary duct carcinomas also arose in males. Large tumors frequently-exhibited squamous, chondromatous, osseous, fatty and myoepitheliomatous types of tissues. In 2 irradiated males and 1 female the tumors metastasized. Whole-body irradiation did not produce significant changes in the number or sex distribution or in the morphology of mammary gland tumors in inbred or outbred guinea pigs. All females had cystic ovaries without increase in granulosa cells, 24 (66.6%) had uterine tumors and 13 (34.2%) had adrenal gland tumors; all males had atrophic testes, 5 (16.5%) had testicular and 6 (22.2%) had adrenal gland tumors.
Grafting as a tool in common bean breeding

Compatibility of rootstock for grafting was investigated in four species of Phaseolus to study the use of grafting as a tool in bean breeding programs. Four genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris and one genotype of P. coccineus were used as rootstocks. Two genotypes of P. vulgaris, and one each of P. acutifolius and P. angustissimus, and an interspecific hybrid of P. acutifolius × P. angustissiumus were used as scions. The common bean genotype ICA Pijao, a widely used female parent in bean interspecific hybridization, was the most compatible rootstock among the five genotypes tested, with high mean percent survival for scions across all four Phaseolus species. Grafting was an efficient technique compared with rooted cuttings for seed increase in determinate type bean plants, where obtaining the maximum number of clones before the reproductive phase is critical. Grafting resulted in 91 and 66% higher mean seed yield per plant compared with ungrafted control and rooted cutting treatments, respectively. This graft.
Monga vulnerability in the northern part of Bangladesh

A study on vulnerability of ‘Monga’ a Bengali term referring to the yearly cyclical phenomenon of poverty and hunger was conducted in the northern part of Bangladesh. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the factors promoting the causes of Monga taking place in a particular area and in a lean season of the year and also to assess its vulnerability. The study area included five northern districts of Bangladesh where Monga affected people were mostly concentrated. Multistage and stratified random sampling procedure was followed for selecting 900 households from all the five districts where 900 household heads were interviewed from March/2009 to November/2009 by the researcher himself. About 69.76% of the respondents opined that Monga happens in the greater Rangpur region because of frequently occurring natural calamities and having no work opportunity in the lean season. Over 60% viewed that the timing of Monga commences in mid September and ends in mid November and it happens almost every year. About 86% of the respondents reported Monga either as ‘moderately vulnerable’ or ‘most vulnerable’ and 62% noted it as ‘increasing’. Almost 50% of the respondents could manage only one meal a day during the Monga period and 60% had to remain in occasional starvation very frequently because of lack of purchasing capacity. As a result, most of them adopted a number of coping mechanisms like taking loan, eating less, government relief etc. to encounter with Monga. Key words: Monga vulnerability, lean season, natural disaster, coping mechanism.
Evaluación de dos marcas comerciales de la feromona sexual de Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidade) en el Tolima, (Colombia)

We evaluated the efficiency and the field half-life of two pheromones for the sexual attraction of adult males of the species S. frugiperda in the department of Tolima, Colombia during the first half of 2008. The pheromone trademarks used were ChemTica from Costa Rica and Pherobank from The Netherlands. We used a randomized block design with three treatments (two brands of pheromones and a control) and 4 replications (blocks) for a total of 12 sampling units. The traps were installed in a cotton crop at the beginning of the reproductive stage and were evaluated three times a week. We used analysis of variance to detect differences between treatments and the Tukey mean comparison test to characterize them. Significant differences between the treatments were observed (P≤0.05), the brand ChemTica presented with the best results, with an average catch of 25.79 adults per trap per day, compared to 1.58 with Pherobank and 0.417 in the control. The results were consistent across all blocks and persistent over time. The half-life of the pheromone ChemTica was 50 days in the field at 30°C with 23.3 mm of rainfall and prevailing winds predominately from the south and southwest at 2.5 m s-1.
Prototipação de uma solução para controle de dispositivos em casas inteligentes por meio do reconhecimento de gestos estáticos e biometria facial

Billions of IoT devices are expected to be connected in the coming years, creating countless possibilities for smart home automation that could make people's lives more practical, efficient, comfortable. In addition to functionality, people also expect technologies to integrate and be part of the environment, providing better interaction experiences, more easily and naturally. In this work, a Python computational vision system was developed, using Deep Learning models, to control smart home connected IoT devices through the recognition of static hand gestures, performing a more secure interaction through facial biometric authentication of users. For real time recognition, the system has a frame rate of 3fps. Facial recognition of users showed excellent results, with only 1.10% false positive, while recognition of static gestures presented 22.67% of false positive. The proposed system meets the necessary requirements with relatively good performance, but improvements in static gesture recognition have yet to be made to reduce its false positive rate.
Modificaciones refractivas luego del tratamiento del queratocono con crosslinking corneal en ocho años de evolución

Objetivos: Determinar las modificaciones refractivas en pacientes con queratocono tratados con crosslinking corneal en ocho anos de evolucion. Metodos: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, en 58 ojos de 58 pacientes con queratocono progresivo, operados con crosslinking corneal en el ano 2009. El analisis estadistico se realizo con la prueba T para datos pareados, con significacion del 95 %. Resultados: Predomino el sexo femenino con 55,2 %. La media de la edad fue de 27,6 ± 6,7 anos y estadio II segun Amsler-Krumeich, con el 53,4 %. La media final de la agudeza visual sin correccion, la mejor corregida, la esfera, el cilindro y el equivalente esferico fue de 0,34 ± 0,25; 0,63 ± 0,19; 6,16 ± 3,32 dioptrias; -2,81 ± 2,00 dioptrias y -7,41 ± 3,69 dioptrias respectivamente. Conclusiones: En el tratamiento del queratocono progresivo con crosslinking corneal, se produce una significativa mejoria de la agudeza visual sin correccion y la agudeza visual mejor corregida, asi como reduccion de la esfera, el cilindro y el equivalente esferico.
Determining the role of p53 mutation in human breast cancer progression using recombinant mutant/wild-type p53 heterozygous human mammary epithelial cell culture models

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed form of cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of many types of tissue neoplasia, and there appears to be no model of how a particular lesion develops into an aggressive, malignant, invasive carcinoma. Genetic mutation and aberrant epigenetic regulation are among the most common events that lead to neoplasia. In breast cancer, p53 mutation is the most common genetic defect related to a single gene. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on the mechanisms and consequences of p53 mutation during breast tumorigenesis. Genome-wide analysis of gene expression and epigenetic modifications in a panel of breast cancer cell lines suggested that p53 mutation and aberrant epigenetic silencing were cooperating mechanisms in the silencing of wild-type p53 target genes during cancer progression. Therefore, models of p53 inactivation were created in non-malignant human mammary epithelial cells to determine the role of p53 mutation on the epigenetic status of its target genes and the acquisition of malignant phenotypes. Comparisons of each model demonstrated that differing modes of p53 inactivation produced different functional consequences. Loss of wild-type p53 function alone ablated the normal cellular response to external stress stimuli, but had no affect on the expression of genes or epigenetic status in untreated cells. Introduction of missense mutant p53 protein caused very few changes when the protein was expressed at low levels. However, accumulation of mutant p53 caused a variety of gene expression changes and interfered with endogenous wild-type p53. The accumulation of mutant p53 also caused an increase in migration and invasion of the cells that expressed it.
Ethanol-induced chromosomal abnormalities in human fibroblast cells.

Methods: G banding staining method was used to determine the karyotype of chromosomal abnormalities of cultured fibroblast cells. Karyogram of ethanol-treated cells after 48 hours of incubation with 54 and 108 mmol of ethanol were assessed against the untreated cultured cells. Results : the comparison between two karyogram models confirmed that lower ethanol concentration (54mmol) caused breakage in chromosome type C and number 1, while with higher concentration (108mmol) breakage was observed in chromosome 9, chromatids as well as endoreplication in some other cells. Conclusion: this study indicates that specific concentrations of ethanol can cause vast alterations in chromosomal structure. Therefore, in general, more care is suggested in consuming this substance. In addition, to confirm the cytotoxic alterations in chromosomal structure in relation to alcohol consumption, using other cell lines and /or in vivo studies, more investigations are warrant.
Multimodal video-based personality recognition using Long Short-Term Memory and convolutional neural networks

Personality computing and affective computing, where the recognition of personality traits is essential, have gained increasing interest and attention in many research areas recently. We propose a novel approach to recognize the Big Five personality traits of people from videos. Personality and emotion affect the speaking style, facial expressions, body movements, and linguistic factors in social contexts, and they are affected by environmental elements. We develop a multimodal system to recognize apparent personality based on various modalities such as the face, environment, audio, and transcription features. We use modality-specific neural networks that learn to recognize the traits independently and we obtain a final prediction of apparent personality with a feature-level fusion of these networks. We employ pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks such as ResNet and VGGish networks to extract high-level features and Long Short-Term Memory networks to integrate temporal information. We train the large model consisting of modality-specific subnetworks using a two-stage training process. We first train the subnetworks separately and then fine-tune the overall model using these trained networks. We evaluate the proposed method using ChaLearn First Impressions V2 challenge dataset. Our approach obtains the best overall "mean accuracy" score, averaged over five personality traits, compared to the state-of-the-art.
Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis im Langzeitverlauf

Kardiovaskulare Erkrankungen (CVD) wie KHK, akuter Myokardinfarkt, Schlaganfall, pAVK, Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern werden durch eine gesteigerte entzundliche Aktivitat beeinflusst. Da es bei der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) zu einer chronisch intermittierenden Entzundung kommt, soll diese Studie einzelne Faktoren der RA, die das Entstehen einer CVD triggern herausarbeiten. 551 Patienten der Universitatsklinik Jena mit der Diagnose einer RA wurden retrospektiv auf das Vorhandensein von CVD untersucht. Der primare Endpunkt der Studie war der Diagnosezeitpunkt einer CVD. Beurteilt wurden mehrere demografische, serologische, diagnostische und therapeutische Parameter. Die Studienpopulation wurde auch in einzelnen Subgruppen betrachtet, um das Risiko spezieller Patientengruppen zu analysieren. Die Studie zeigt, dass Patienten mit einem CRP uber 15 mg/l und Glukokortikoidtherapie uber 5 mg pro Tag eine Hochrisikogruppe darstellen. Diese Patienten weisen ein zweifach hoheres Risiko auf eine CVD zu entwickeln als Patienten ohne diese Kombination. Zudem zeigt sich, dass krankheitsunabhangige Faktoren wie Geschlecht und die klassischen Risikofaktoren starker das Entstehen einer CVD triggern als die krankheitsabhangigen Faktoren Seropositivitat, Erosivitat oder DAS28 im Mittel. Die Ergebnisse der einzelnen Subgruppen lassen einen ahnlichen Schluss zu. Therapeutisch ist auf die Reduktion der entzundlichen Aktivitat, klassischer Risikofaktoren, Normalgewicht und Nikotinkarenz zu achten. Des Weiteren ist vor allem bei hohem kardiovaskularen Risiko durch fruhen Krankheitsbeginn, hoher entzundlicher Aktivitat, mannlichem Geschlecht, hoch-seropositiver Erkrankung, radiologisch erosiver RA, Patienten mit hohem Glukokortikoidbedarf oder Kombinationen dieser auf eine zugige Remission der RA zu achten.
Aspectos inmunológicos en el diagnóstico y control de la Epidemitis contagiosa del carnero por Brucella ovis

Brucella ovis es el agente etiologico de la epididimitis contagiosa de los carneros, enfermedad infectocontagiosa que ocasiona infertilidad en el carnero y ocasionalmente abortos en la oveja. El control de esta enfermedad se apoya en la eliminacion de los machos con diagnostico serologico y/o seminocultivo positivo, y en la vacunacion de los animales sanos en lugares de alta prevalencia. La mejor vacuna frente a la brucelosis ovina por B. ovis, es B. melitensis Rev. 1, una cepa atenuada de Brucella melitensis. Sin embargo esta vacuna heterologa induce una respuesta serologica que interfiere con la interpretacion de las pruebas serologicas utilizadas. B. ovis es una especie naturalmente rugosa; carece de la cadena O del lipopolisacarido. Las proteinas de la membrana externa han sido objeto de estudio de varios grupos de investigacion por su utilidad como antigenos para el diagnostico y en la pruebas de proteccion. Un extracto salino obtenido por calentamiento de B. ovis, posee el lipopolisacarido rugoso y varias proteinas, siendo mas abundante el grupo 3 de las proteinas de la membrana externa. Las tecnicas mas eficientes para el diagnostico de la infeccion por B. ovis, son la inmunodifusion doble bidimensional en gel de agar, la fijacion del complemento y ELISA. Como antigeno, el extracto salino ha dado los mejores resultados en las tres pruebas; sin embargo se ha observado reaccion cruzada con sueros de animales infectados por B. melitensis o vacunados con B. melitensis Rev. 1. Existe menos informacion disponible respecto de los antigenos internos de B. ovis. Recientemente, se ha desarrollado un ELISA indirecto utilizando la proteina periplasmica BP26 con utilidad para el diagnostico de la infeccion por B. ovis, ya que permite diferenciar los carneros infectados de los vacunados. La identificacion de los antigenos de B. ovis capaces de inducir una respuesta inmune protectora es de interes para el desarrollo de vacunas subcelulares que no presenten las desventajas de Rev. 1. Con ese objetivo se han desarrollado ensayos de inmunizacion pasiva con mezclas de anticuerpos monoclonales anti-proteinas de la membrana externa y anti-lipopolisacarido rugoso que han otorgado proteccion en el raton contra B. ovis