Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Handbook of Statistics, Volume 31: Machine Learning Theory and Applications

Statistical learning and analysis techniques have become extremely important today, given the tremendous growth in the size of heterogeneous data collections and the ability to process it even from physically distant locations. Recent advances made in the field of machine learning provide a strong framework for robust learning from the diverse corpora and continue to impact a variety of research problems across multiple scientific disciplines. The aim of this handbook is to familiarize beginners as well as experts with some of the recent techniques in this field. The Handbook is divided in two sections: Theory and Applications, covering machine learning, data analytics, biometrics, document recognition and security.very relevant to current research challenges faced in various fieldsself-contained reference to machine learning emphasis on applications-oriented techniques
Research On Construction of Directory Service System for Water Information Resources

With the intensifying of water resources informatization construction,unified management and sharing with high efficiency for water information resources of water resources administration departments at all levels,water- related organizations and scientific research institutes in China have become urgent problems to be solved.Information resources directory services system is generally recognized as the foundation for realizing unified management and sharing with high efficiency of distributed information resources.The author makes a discussion on critical issues of directory service system construction for water information resources,and proposes feasibility program in core metadata definition,information classification,subject obtaining and the system construction.The research is a beneficial exploration to push forward the course of water resources informatization.
A ultraviolet complete large N thermal QCD model: renormalization group flow and mesonic spectra

The large N thermal Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) that we study here is a generalization of SU(3) QCD with two gauge groups at high energy scales, i.e. in the ultraviolet (UV). Both gauge groups are related to N as SU(N)×SU(kN) with k ∞ de la theorie chromodynamique quantique avec les deux groupes de jauge SU(N)×SU(kN) avec k < 1. Un modele est popose pour donner un description complete a la fois dans le regime ultraviolet(UV) et infrarouge(IR). Le regime IR concorde avec celui d'un modele de cascade, qui reduit de seule groupe de jaude SU(N) puis confine, tandis que le regime UV correspond a la theorie des cordes de type IIB sur conifold. Le regime UV possede alors une dualite de supergravite/jauge s'inscritvant dans la correspondance AdS/CFT. Dans le regime intermediere, notre molele connecte de maniere reguliere entre IR et UV. Le group de renormalization de la theorie effective est ensuite analyse. Nous comparons les resultats experimentaux en spectre du meson de notre modele das le regime IR.
Elastic/plastic buckling of cylindrical shells with elastic core under axial compression

Elastic as well as plastic buckling of circular cylindrical shells filled with a core material is analyzed under axial compressive loading. A practical example of this situation is the buckling of concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) columns used widely in high-rise buildings. The theoretical problem is modeled as the bifurcation buckling of a perfect "infinitely" long circular cylindrical shell under uniform compression, constrained by a one-way (tension-less) foundation. An important and useful novelty is that the shell material is allowed to undergo strain-hardening plasticity before buckling. For simplicity, the core material is assumed to remain elastic. The approach is analytical. The governing equations are solved exactly to obtain buckling loads, and wavelengths in contact and nocontact regions. The theoretical results, when applied to CFT columns, are found to be in very good agreement with the experimental buckling loads of other researchers. %%%%Le flambage elastique ainsi que plastique de coquilles cylindriques remplis d'un materiel sont analyse sous le chargement de la compression axiale. Un exemple pratique de cette situation est le flambage de colonnes tubulaires en acier remplis de beton (CFT) qui sont largement utilisees dans les immeubles de grande hauteur. Le probleme theorique est modelise comme le flambage par bifurcation d'une coquille parfaite cylindrique de longueur "infinie" sous la compression uniforme, en presence d'une contrainte a sens unique. Une nouveaute importante et utile est que le materiel de coquille est sollicitee dans le domaine post-elastique avant de flambement. Pour simplifier, le materiel remplis est suppose rester elastique. L'approche est analytique. Les equations regissants sont resolus exactement a obtenir les charges de flambage, et les longueurs d'onde en contact et sans contact regions. Les resultats theoriques, aux applications de CFT colonnes, se trouvent en tres bon accord avec des charges de flambage d'autres chercheurs.
Study on the influence of plyometric training on the explosive power of basketball players

Based on the theory of sports biochemistry, exercise physiology and sports training, 36 basketball players from Gachon University were selected as the experimental subjects and divided into experimental group and control group randomly . 18 people were included in each group. The training contrast experiment was carried out for 16 weeks. The influence of plyometric training on the explosive power of basketball players was analyzed by comparing the scores of 28-meter sprints, the three jumps and the vertical jumps of pre-training and post-training. The results show that after 16 weeks, the experimental group is obviously better than the control group in 28-meter sprint and vertical jump, but there is no significant difference in the three jumps. It can be seen that, although the regular training can be helpful to players’ explosive power, the enhanced training is more effective and overall.
Overlapped Text Partition Algorithm for Pattern Matching on Hypercube Networked Model

- The web has been continuously growing and getting hourglass shape. The indexed web is measured to contain at least 30 billion pages. It is no surprise that searching data poses serious challenges in terms of quality and speed. Another important subtask of the pattern discovery process is sting matching, where in which the pattern occurrence is already known and we need determine how often and where it is occurs in given text. The target of current research challenges and identified the new trends i.e distributed environment where in which the given text file is divided into subparts and distributed to N no. of processors organized in hypercube networked fashion . To improve the search speed and reduce the time complexity we need to run the string matching algorithms in parallel distributed environment called as hypercube networked model using RMI method. we considered both KV-KMP and KV-boyer-moore string matching algorithms for pattern matching in large text data bases using three data sets and graph's drawn for different patterns.
USING RADIO HALOS AND MINIHALOS TO MEASURE THE DISTRIBUTIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS AND COSMIC RAYS IN GALAXY CLUSTERS

Some galaxy clusters show diffuse radio emission in the form of giant halos (GHs) on Mpc scales or minihalos (MHs) on smaller scales. Comparing Very Large Array and XMM-Newton radial profiles of several such clusters, we find a universal linear correlation between radio and X-ray surface brightness, valid in both types of halos. It implies a halo central emissivity νjν = 10−31.4 ± 0.2(n/10−2cm−3)2(T/T0)0.2 ± 0.5ergs−1cm−3, where T and T0 are the local and central temperatures, respectively, and n is the electron number density. We argue that the tight correlation and the scaling of jν, combined with morphological and spectral evidence, indicate that both GHs and MHs arise from secondary electrons and positrons, produced in cosmic-ray ion (CRI) collisions with a strongly magnetized B ≳ 3μG intracluster gas. When the magnetic energy density drops below that of the microwave background, the radio emission weakens considerably, producing halos with a clumpy morphology (e.g., RXC J2003.5 − 2323 and A2255) or a distinct radial break. We thus measure a magnetic field B = 3μG at a radius r ≃ 110kpc in A2029 and r ≃ 50kpc in Perseus. The spectrum of secondaries, produced from hadronic collisions of ∼20GeV CRIs, reflects the energy dependence of the collision cross section. We use the observed spectra of halos, in particular where they steepen with increasing radius or frequency, to (1) measure B ≃ 10(ν/700MHz)μG with ν the spectral break frequency, (2) identify a correlation between the average spectrum and the central magnetic field, and (3) infer a CRI spectral index s ≲ −2.7 and energy fraction ξp ∼ 10−3.6 ± 0.2 at particle energies above 10 GeV. Our results favor a model where CRIs diffuse away from their sources (which are probably supernovae, according to a preliminary correlation with star formation), whereas the magnetic fields are generated by mergers in GHs and by core sloshing in MHs.
CT image reconstruction algorithms based on the Hanke Raus parameter choice rule

ABSTRACT Computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction is one of the focal problems in clinical medicine. The data received by the detector is usually not completed for man-made or environmental factors. To reconstruct high-quality CT images from incomplete data, total variation (TV) regularization has shown great potential, in which the choice of the regularization parameter becomes a crucial problem. In this paper, the Hanke Raus rule without the knowledge of noise level is derived and applied to choose the regularization parameter of TV regularization and the split Bregman iteration based on a continuation strategy is utilized to TV minimization. The proposed reconstruction algorithm is applied to limited projection data of the Shepp-Logan phantom image as well as the teeth image. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm based on the Hanke Raus rule exhibits superior performance than the sequential discrepancy principle and the L-curve rule.
Nonparametric estimation for a current status right‐censored data model

We consider the Case 1 interval censoring approach for right‐censored survival data. An important feature of the model is that right‐censored event times are not observed exactly, but at some inspection times. The model covers as particular cases right‐censored data, current status data, and life table survival data with a single inspection time. We discuss the nonparametric estimation approach and consider three nonparametric estimators for the survival function of failure time: maximum likelihood, pseudolikelihood, and the naïve estimator. We establish strong consistency of the estimators with the L1 rate of convergence. Simulation results confirm consistency of the estimators.
Digital topological complexity numbers

: The intersection of topological robotics and digital topology leads to us a new workspace. In this paper we introduce the new digital homotopy invariant digital topological complexity number TC ( X; (cid:20) ) for digital images and give some examples and results about it. Moreover, we examine adjacency relations in the digital spaces and observe how TC ( X; (cid:20) ) changes when we take a different adjacency relation in the digital spaces.
PERBANDINGAN METODE HIGH-BOOST FILTERING DAN ALGORITMA WIENER DALAM PERBAIKAN KUALITAS CITRA

Penggunaan citra digital memegang peranan penting sebagai bentuk informasi dikarenakan kelebihan-kelebihan yang dimilkinya. Meskipun kaya akan informasi, tak semua citra memiliki tampilan visual yang baik. Hal ini bisa disebabkan gangguan berupa noise, intensitas warna yang terlalu kontras atau kabur. Blur dan noise pada citra adalah salah satu masalah yang sering ditemui pada suatu citra digital. Citra yang blur dan bernoise tersebut dapat diakibatkan oleh berbagai sebab, diantaranya kurangnya focus saat pengambilan citra, kurangnya pencahayaan, dll. Salah satu cara untuk mengembalikan citra tersebut yaitu dengan proses restorasi. Restorasi citra yaitu berkaitan dengan penghilangan atau pengurangan degradasi pada citra. Hal yang dilakukan disini yaitu proses restorasi terhadap citra yang blur. Noise dapat dihilangkan dengan menggunakan teknik filtering. Terdapat 2 jenis metode filtering yang digunakan, yaitu Wiener Filter yang termasuk salah satu jenis filter spasial non-linear (filter frekuensi) dan High Boost Filtering. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur nilai perbandingan antara kedua algoritma restorasi yaitu MSE dan PSNR. Pengujian sistem ini menggunakan citra berformat *. jpg. Kata kunci : Filter Wiener, High Boost Filtering, image restoration
Multi-Agent Based Classifier Combination

In this paper, a classifier combination algorithm based on multi-agent system is presented at abstract level. The problem is modeled as people's tracing back to their homeland: once upon a time, people from a region left their homeland and resided in different places, decades later, their offspring set out to find their homeland according to the wide spread legends of the ancestors' origin. In this combination problem, the class label of a testing sample serves as the homeland, decisions made by classifiers serve as offspring's residual places, and legends are class creditability by classifiers acquired from combination training set. Messengers sent by offspring try to trace back to their homeland according to the legends. They act as agents and exchange information with one another, so that confidences of different places being the original place change gradually. After congruence among the messengers is achieved, combination decision is made. The co-decision matrix is used for information exchange between agents, thus relativity between classifiers is utilized, while it is rarely considered in Bayesian Rule. According to experiments on standard database, when the number of classifiers used in combination is small, this algorithm lead to less error than other methods, and its space complexity is lower than Behavior Knowledge Space (BKS) method. Experiments show that the algorithm is convergent.
Implementation of Controlled‐NOT Gate by Lyapunov Control

A scheme to implement the controlled‐NOT (CNOT) gate for quantum systems is proposed, which is based on Lyapunov control. The scheme does not require precise control of the interaction time since the system is stable when the control fields vanish. In particular, the control fields can be easily obtained by most initial states. As an example, the CNOT gate is realized for two atoms trapped in an optical cavity by exploiting two disturbance cases. Compared to continuous disturbance, the fidelity of the CNOT gate is higher under impulsive disturbance, however, interaction times are much longer. Numerical simulations indicate that the scheme is robust against variations of control parameters and decoherence caused by atomic spontaneous emission and cavity decay. Therefore, the scheme may provide useful applications in quantum computation.
A transgenic analysis of G-protein signaling during associative learning in Drosophila

Previously, disruptions of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway have been found to affect olfactory learning in Drosophila. On a neuroanatomical level, the mushroom bodies and central complex have also been implicated in this process. In this study, four P-GAL4 enhancer trap lines were identified, which when used to drive expression of a constitutively activated stimulatory heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein alpha subunit (Gas), were disrupted in their ability to perform an associative olfactory learning task. In three of these lines, expression of activated Gas eliminated learning. In the fourth line, expression of activated G as reduced learning by about half compared with controls. By contrast, expression of wild type Gas in these PGAL4 lines had no effect on associative learning. While no P-GAL4 insertion was exclusively expressed in the mushroom bodies, all four showed prominent preferential expression in these structures. In addition, the P-GAL4 insertion producing a partial learning defect was expressed in a restricted subset of mushroom body neurons. Gross mushroom body morphology was not obviously disrupted in these lines, although more subtle defects in mushroom body morphology or development could not be excluded by this analysis. Expression of activated Gas in components of the central complex had no effect on associative learning, suggesting that such disruptions to Gas signaling were insufficient to interfere with olfactory learning. Taken together, these data represent functional evidence that regulated Gas signaling within mushroom body neurons of the Drosophila brain is required for associative olfactory learning.
Texture Analysis and Genetic Algorithms for Osteoporosis Diagnosis

Early diagnosis of osteoporosis can efficiently predict fracture risk. There is a great demand to prevent this disease. The goal of this study was to distinguish osteoporotic cases from healthy controls on 2D bone radiograph images, using texture analysis and genetic algorithms (GAs). Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Run length Matrix (RLM) and Binarized Statistical Image Features (BSIF) were used for texture analysis. Features are numerous and parameter-dependent. The related experts can pick out the useful input features for the classifier. It however remains a difficult task and may be inefficient or even harmful as the data pattern is not clear. In this paper, GAs were used to optimize the two parameters of the co-occurrence matrix (distance parameter or pixel separation, orientation or direction) and the number of gray levels used in the preprocessing quantification step. GAs were also used to select the best combination of features extracted from GLCM and RLM matrices. Experiments were conducted on two populations composed of Osteoporotic Patients and Control Subjects. Results show that GAs combined with GLCM and BSIF features can improve the classification rates (ACC = 87.50%) obtained using GLCM (ACC = 77.8%) alone.
NONLINEAR EVOLUTION OF DARK MATTER SUBHALOS AND APPLICATIONS TO WARM DARK MATTER

We describe the methodology to include nonlinear evolution, including tidal effects, in the computation of subhalo distribution properties in both cold (CDM) and warm (WDM) dark matter universes. Using semi-analytic modeling, we include effects from dynamical friction, tidal stripping, and tidal heating, allowing us to dynamically evolve the subhalo distribution. We calibrate our nonlinear evolution scheme to the CDM subhalo mass function in the Aquarius N-body simulation, producing a subhalo mass function within the range of simulations. We find tidal effects to be the dominant mechanism of nonlinear evolution in the subhalo population. Finally, we compute the subhalo mass function for mχ = 1.5 keV WDM including the effects of nonlinear evolution, and compare radial number densities and mass density profiles of subhalos in CDM and WDM models. We show that all three signatures differ between the two dark matter models, suggesting that probes of substructure may be able to differentiate between them.
Examining Strategies Used by Pre-service Science Teachers in Stoichiometry Problems in Terms of Proportional Reasoning

Orantisal akil yurutmenin dogru sonuca ulasmayi sagladigi stokiyometri problemleri kimya egitiminde problem cozmenin en iyi orneklerinden biridir. Kavramsal problem cozmenin onemi ve faydalari goz onune alinarak, stokiyometri problemlerine iliskin cozumlerin dogrulugunun yani sira nasil bir yaklasimla cozuldugunun de incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amacla arastirmada nitel arastirma yontemlerinden butuncul coklu durum kullanilmistir. Calismada, 37 fen bilgisi ogretmen adayinin stokiyometri problemlerine iliskin cozumleri (i) tepkimeleri dogru denklestirilip denklestirilmedigi, (ii) cozumlerin dogrulugu ve (iii) problem cozumunde kullanilan stratejiler olmak uzere uc adimda incelenmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin yarisindan fazlasinin tepkimeleri dogru denklestirdigi ancak denklestirilmis tepkimelerdeki katsayilari dogru yorumlayamadigi gorulmustur. Ogretmen adaylari algoritmik yaklasimi orantisal muhakeme stratejilerinden daha fazla kullanmayi tercih etmistir. Sorularin karmasiklik duzeyi arttikca ogretmen adaylarinin problemleri dogru cozme ve algoritmik yaklasimi kullanma oranlari azalmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin stokiyometri problemlerini cozerken tepkimelerdeki katsayilarin belirttigi molar orani tam olarak anlamlandiramadigi, tepkimeye giren maddelerden biri yogunluk gibi intensif bir birim cinsinden verildiginde cozume ulasamadiklari ve birimleri dogru donusturemedikleri gozlemlenmistir. Ogretmen adaylari stokiyometri problemlerini daha onceki derslerinde nasil cozmeyi ogrenmis iseler yine ayni sekilde cozmeyi tercih ettikleri dusunulmektedir. Bulgular cercevesinde, kimyasal tepkime problemlerinden once katsayilarin ne anlama geldigi ile ilgili kavramsal destegin saglanmasi, problem cozumune orantisal akil yurutme stratejileri ile baslanarak bu destegin islemsel surec ile pekistirilmesi onerilmistir.
A New Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Multiprocessor Job Scheduling

Job Scheduling in a M ultiprocessor architecture is an extremely difficult NP hard problem, because it requires a large combinatorial search space and also precedence constraints between the processes. For the effective utilization of multiprocessor system, efficient assignment and scheduling of jobs is more important. This paper proposes a n ew improved Particle Swarm Optimization (ImPSO) algorithm for the job scheduling in multiprocessor architecture in order to reduce the waiting time and finishing time of the process under consideration. In the Improved PSO, the movement of a particle is governed by three behaviors, namely, inertia, cognitive, and social. The cognitive behavior helps the particle to remember its previous visited best position. This paper proposes to split the cognitive behavior into two sections . This modification helps the particle to search the target very effectively. The proposed ImPSO algorithm is discussed in detail and results are shown considering different number of processes and also the performance results are compared with the conventional techniques such as longest processing time, shortest processing time and Particle Swarm Optimization.
Design and Analysis of a Sixteen-Legged Vehicle With Reconfigurable Close-Chain Leg Mechanisms

In order to exert the advantages of simplified control and integral rigidity, a novel 16-legged walking vehicle is proposed as a carrying platform based on closed-chain mechanisms. Considering the demand for mobility of one degree-of-freedom leg mechanism, we adopt the reconfigurable approach for trajectory flexibility. Serving as a walking module, the whole close-chain leg mechanism is designed to construct the walking vehicle. On the basis of kinematic analysis and sensitivity analysis, the reconfigurable leg with “gluteus maximus” is presented for increasing the obstacle-surmounting ability. In terms of the whole vehicle, the reconfiguration assignments and strategies are analyzed to satisfy the different climbing requirements. The obstacle-climbing capabilities of the legged units are evaluated through the probability analysis. In slope-climbing process, the supporting and the propelling regions for reconfiguration are discussed and obtained with two decision conditions. A series of dynamic simulations and experiments are performed to testify the walking stability, the walking speed, the steering performance, the terrain adaptability, and the obstacle-surmounting capability.