Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High level of education, healthy diet and moderate consumption of alcohol are associated with lower odds for first-ever ischemic stroke in hospital based case-control study in Varaždin County, Croatia

Croatia, a Central European middle-income country, has the highest incidence of first-ever stroke in Europe. Th is prompted us to search for preventable and/or treatable risk factors for ischemic stroke. We performed a case-control study of first-ever ischemic stroke. Cases were patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. Controls were free from stroke and were matched to patients. All participants or their proxies were asked to fill in a questionnaire. Biometrics and laboratory values were collected. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the association of stroke with selected risk factors. We enrolled 219 stroke cases from Varaždin General Hospital and 144 hospital and community controls. Th e risk factors significantly associated with higher odds for stroke were atrial fibrillation (OR 10.35, 95% CI 3.96-27.06) and current smoking (OR 4.53, 95% CI 1.45-14.17). Arterial hypertension was not associated with higher odds for stroke. Protective factors were education higher than high school (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15-0.89), healthy diet (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18-0.89), high HDL cholesterol (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06-0.33) and in the second model without adjustment for laboratory values alcohol intake of 1-30 drinks per month (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.29-0.89). Anticoagulant therapy for atrial fibrillation, promotion of more healthy diet patterns and smoking cessation seem to be the targets for prevention of ischemic stroke in the population of Varaždin County, Croatia.
Modern Studies on the Human Temporal Bone : Transmission Electron Microscopy and Immunocytochemistry

The NIDCD National Temporal Bone, Hearing and Balance Pathology Resource Registry was established in 1992 by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) of the National Institutes of Health to continue and expand upon the former National Temporal Bone Banks (NTBB) Program. The Registry promotes research on hearing and balance disorders and serves as a resource for the public and the scientific community about research on the pathology of the human auditory and vestibular systems. REGISTRY NEWS: Upcoming Events . 4
A CODlparative Study on the Presence of the ASYDlDletrical Tonic Neck Reflex in Adult HeDliplegia ( postural adaptation , postural reflexes , reflex integration )

In this study, the intensity of the asymmetrical tome neck reflex (ATNR) was measured in post-cerebrovascular accident (CVA) adults with hemiplegia and in neurologically intact adults to determine if the reflex exaggerated following CVA. Fourteen subjects with right and left hemiplegiC! were matched to neurologically intact subjects by age and sex and tested for the ATNR. Intensity of the reflex was measured using electromyography (EMG) biofeedback. The results indicate that no difference exists between the two groups in intensity of the reflex. The method of rotation used to elicit the reflex did significantly affect the strength of the muscle response. A possible explanation for observation of the reflex in the hemiplegic individual's movement and its significance in neuromuscular re-education programs is discussed. I t is known and accepted that a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) can disrupt normal sensorimotor integration within the nervous system, resulting in the widespread release of primitive postural reflexes, including the tonic neck reflexes (I, 2). However, the effect these reflexes have on the movement of the post-CV A patient and the potential for recovery of normal function is less clearly understood.
Statistics of incompressible hydrodynamic turbulence: An alternative approach

Using a recent alternative form of the Kolmogorov-Monin exact relation for fully developed hydrodynamics (HD) turbulence, the incompressible energy cascade rate $\varepsilon$ is computed. Under this current theoretical framework, for three-dimensional (3D) freely decaying homogeneous turbulence, the statistical properties of the fluid velocity (${\bf u}$), vorticity ($\boldsymbol \omega= \boldsymbol\nabla \times {\bf u}$) and Lamb vector ($\boldsymbol{\cal L}= \boldsymbol \omega \times {\bf u})$ are numerically studied. For different spatial resolutions, the numerical results show that $\varepsilon$ can be obtained directly as the simple products of two-point increments of ${\bf u}$ and $\boldsymbol{\cal L}$, without the assumption of isotropy. Finally, the results for the largest spatial resolutions show a clear agreement with the cascade rates computed from the classical 4/3 law for isotropic homogeneous HD turbulence.
Correlation between Body Mass Index ( BMI ) , dental caries and respiratory system disease among 8 – 15 years old patients in Kosovo : A Pilot Study

Every modern society’s primary goal is to ensure proper health care for their children. Problems of obesity/overweight and underweight in children related to caries and overall oral health is well documented. In our pilot study we compared the potential correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI), dental caries and Respiratory System Disease in children age 8 – 15 years old patients. Data for a total of 121 children was obtained at the University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosova, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Clinic from May until December 2016.The children’s demographic data, age, gender, dental status, OHI-S calculations, respiratory disease data, orthodontic anomalies and dmft/DMFT values are noted. Research team members observed eight most frequent diagnoses, respiratory tract infections both in upper and lower airways, asthma and allergic rhinitis (ICD 46X). 121 subjects are included age 8 15, average age was 11.4 (SD ± 2.3 years). From the overall population 60 children were overweight or 49.6%, orthodontic abnormalities are represented with 41.3%, respiratory system disease with 49.9%, stage one OHI-S are represented with 38.8%, stage two OHI-S is represented with 15.7% and third stage of OHI-S 14.9%. Based on gender, we have not found any important statistical significance difference (P>0.05). Meanwhile, significant statistical difference between the dmft/DMFT (P=0.002) between the obese and non-obese subjects and the OHI-S index (P=0.017). Whereas, there was no statistical important significance in the overall morbidity caused by respiratory disease (P=0.717) and orthodontic abnormalities (P=0.463). Our results suggested that correlation between dmft/DMFT and OHI(s) and obesity was significant, although weak correlation was found between obese/normal weight children and respiratory disease frequency and orthodontic abnormalities. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2017; 10: (1), pp. 24-29)
New Spectrophotometer System for Measuring Thermal Radiation Characteristics of Real Surfaces of Thermal Engineering Entirely

In this work we develop a new spectrophotometer system for measuring thermal radiation characteristics of real surfaces of thermal engineering. This system measures transition of spectra of normal incidence hemispherical reflectance RNH, normal incidence specular reflectance RNN,normal incidence diffuse reflectance RND,normal incidence absorptance AN and normal emittance εN of real surfaces in a near-ultraviolet through infrared region of wavelength 0.30~10.9 μm simultaneously and repeatedly with a cycle time of 6 s. The system is applied to measure the spectrum transition of the reflectances, absorptance and emittance of a nickel surface which is prepared as a clean optically smooth surface and is oxidized in high-temperature air to be changed to an oxidized rough real surface. Microscopic mechanisms of the spectrum transition are discussed, to illustrate the performance of the developed spectrophotometer system for thermal engineering
Determination of Total Protein, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase Activity and Lipid Peroxidation in Soil Macro-fauna (Earthworm) from Onitsha Municipal Open Waste Dump

Aims: Oxidants are substances toxic in high concentration, but at low doses can stimulate biological activities of living organisms. The effect of oxidants on cells is modulated by multiple interacting antioxidant defence mechanism. The present study evaluated the individual role of interaction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in estimating the level of toxicity of municipal solid waste on soil organisms, and the rate of lipid peroxidation by the action of reacting oxygen species. Study Design: Earthworm samples were collected from four different locations grouped into A, B, Original Research Article Ifemeje et al.; JSRR, 6(5): 394-403, 2015; Article no.JSRR. 2015.164 395 C, and D. Place and Duration of the Study: Analysis was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Anambra State University, from March 2014 to May 2014. Methodology: Total protein estimation was determined by Lowry method while superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT) and lipid peroxidation concentration was determined spectrophotometrically using Shimadzu UV-160 spectrophotometer. Results: A high increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity as a result of corresponding increase in lipid peroxidation was observed in earthworms of groups C and D (21.22±0.54 and 23.74±0.51 respectively) compared to groups A and B (4.88±0.54 and 7.24±0.31 respectively). Based on the above observation, groups A and B can be classified as samples from the dormant portion while groups C and D can be classified as samples from the active portion of the site. Conclusion: The increased level of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity may be a result of increased concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in waste dumps which can cause damage to soil organisms or even death and hence render the soil from the dump site unfit for agricultural purposes.
Emotion Recognition Using Finger Tip Temperature: First Step towards an Automatic System

clinically, finger tip temperature (FTT) has been used as a sensitive index to monitor if a person is relaxed or not. When a person is relaxed, his/her vessels will be dilated and finger tip will be warmer. If one is anxious or tense, the vessels will be constricted and finger tip will be cool. FTT is a method of bio-feedback to tell the patient if he/she is in a relaxed condition. The subjects experiencing emotion in a higher magnitude differ from those who can regulate the emotions and such a factor is termed as emotional intelligence. In this paper, the subject whose FTT is to be measured is shown a video clipping or photographs or recorded audio signals are played. The subject, upon the influence of these, will respond and emotions are evoked. The change in FTT due to this evoked emotion is recorded for a finite interval of time and then analyzed. In this work, a total of 75 subjects are chosen. During selection of subjects, enough care is taken to include persons from different age groups, gender and social background. The data corresponding to FTT is acquired and processed using National Instrument's LabVIEW software and hardware tools. The results obtained are encouraging with high level of accuracy and repeatability. Since, the subjects also give feedback about the emotion experienced, the obtained results are validated.
Geomicrobiological cycling of iron

Iron is the most abundant element on Earth and the most frequently utilized transition metal in the biosphere. It is a component of many cellular compounds and is involved in numerous physiological functions. Hence, iron is an essential micronutrient for all eukaryotes and the majority of prokaryotes. Prokaryotes that need iron for biosynthesis require micromolar concentrations, levels that are often not available in neutral pH oxic environments. Therefore, prokaryotes have evolved specific acquisition molecules, called siderophores, to increase iron bioavailability. Acquisition of iron by siderophores is a complex process and is discussed in detail by Kraemer et al. (2005). Here we focus on prokaryotes that generate energy for growth by oxidation or reduction of iron. In both processes single electron transfers are involved. Hence, for a significant extent of energy generation, turnover of iron in the millimolar rather than the micromolar range is necessary. Iron metabolizing organisms have therefore a strong influence on iron cycling in the environment. Microbial iron oxidation and reduction will be discussed, with emphasis on circumneutral pH environments that prevail on Earth. The active metabolic processes outlined above have to be distinguished from indirect biologically induced iron mineral formation in which prokaryotic cell surfaces simply act as passive templates (“passive iron biomineralization”) (e.g., Konhauser 1997). ### General aspects of the iron cycle On our planet, iron is ubiquitous in the hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and atmosphere, either as particulate ferric [Fe(III)] or ferrous [Fe(II)] iron-bearing minerals or as dissolved ions. Redox transformations of iron, as well as dissolution and precipitation and thus mobilization and redistribution, are caused by chemical and to a significant extent by microbial processes (Fig. 1⇓). Microorganisms catalyze the oxidation of Fe(II) under oxic or anoxic conditions as well as the reduction of Fe(III) in anoxic habitats. Microbially influenced transformations of iron are often much faster than the …
The Infrastructure Development in the Republic of Guinea

Empirical researchers indicate that the contribution of infrastructure to economic development is significant, especially in the area of long-run economic growth. Taking in consideration the importance of infrastructure to economic strength, infrastructure related topics have become topics of interest for both academicians and policy makers. Nevertheless, documented research on infrastructure development in West Africa Guinea is rare. This paper explores the current infrastructure development in West Africa Guinea. The data of the related infrastructure construction was investigated and collected in the statistic department of the republic of Guinea. The Cobb-Douglas production function is used to test the theoretical framework proposed. The findings show that infrastructure has a positive spillover externality to economic long-run growth and more specifically, the electricity consumption has a significant impact on economic grow in the Republic of Guinea. The author suggests that the Republic of Guinea has to invest wisely in infrastructure.
Antiobesity and Hypolipidemic Activity of Macrotyloma Uniflorum in Albino Rats

Background: Obesity is one of the major health problem and has become a pandemic. It affects all population and age groups worldwide resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment of obesity is difficult and challenging because of multiple and obscure aetiology. Macrotyloma uniflorum commonly called as horse gram has been used time immemorial by natives as a food supplement and for obesity. This study was done to evaluate the anti-obesity and hypolipidemic activity of Macrotyloma uniflorum in comparison with Orlistat. Study design: Obesity was induced by feeding high fat diet (HFD) to male albino rats and were assigned into four groups. A control group on HFD alone, standard group on HFD and orlistat 10mg/kg, test group 1 &2 on HFD with 100mg,200mg /kg horse gram extract respectively. Body weight was measured weekly. Lipid profile was measured before treatment and 4 weeks later. Locomotor activity and food intake were also observed. Results: Body weight & lipid profile were reduced significantly when compared with HFD control group. Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that Macrotyloma uniflorum extract had significant antiobesity and hypolipidemic activity, and may be used safely in weight management. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of its anti-obesity activity.
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Short-chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase That Reduces All-trans-retinal*

The reduction of all-trans-retinal in photoreceptor outer segments is the first step in the regeneration of bleached visual pigments. We report here the cloning of a dehydrogenase, retSDR1, that belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and localizes predominantly in cone photoreceptors. retSDR1 expressed in insect cells displayed substrate specificities of the photoreceptor all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase. Homology modeling of retSDR1 using the carbonyl reductase structure as a scaffold predicted a classical Rossmann fold for the nucleotide binding, and an N-terminal extension that could facilitate binding of the enzyme to the cell membranes. The presence of retSDR1 in a subset of inner retinal neurons and in other tissues suggests that the enzyme may also be involved in retinol metabolism outside of photoreceptors.
Trial Design of Psychological Treatments in Chronic Pain: What Can We Tell Patients?

It is 40 years since the publication of replicated single-case studies reporting the effectiveness of applied behavior analysis to the treatment of pain and almost 25 years since the publication of the fi rst, albeit small, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for chronic pain. Today there is a substantive body of RCTs—upward of 50 trials—examining the effi cacy of psychological treatments, predominantly CBT, for chronic pain. Several systematic reviews of this literature have been produced, and the broad conclusion reached by these studies is that psychological treatment “works” (Morley et al. 1999; Guzmán et al. 2001; Astin et al. 2002). Considered as a whole, the trials are markedly heterogeneous over a range of domains (Morley and Williams 2002), with variations in the package of CBT offered as treatment; the length and number of sessions of treatment; the context in which treatment is delivered, ranging from highly specialized in-patient care (Williams et al. 1996) through community settings (Von Korff et al. 2005) to Internet delivery (Buhrman et al. 2004); the diagnostic group recruited to the study; and the outcome measures used. One might be encouraged by this heterogeneity in that it could be construed to provide support for a generalized conclusion that as a class of treatment, CBT is effective for chronic pain—especially as many of the studies were conducted in clinically relevant conditions (c.f. Shadish et al. 1997). From the perspective of a practicing clinician, what should I tell the patients that I see? I doubt if telling them that on average they might expect to be at the 69th percentile of the average patient in a waiting-list control group would be perceived to answer their query, and a detailed account of the evidence base would be similarly inappropriate. Patients want to know what objective benefi ts
Assessing Traffic and Air Quality in Central Copenhagen

i Acknowledgements . ii Executive Summary . iii Authorship . viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Background . 4 2.1 Causes and Impacts of Traffic Congestion . 4 2.1. 1 Population Growth and Density . 4 2.1. 2 Personal Vehicle Use . 5 2.1. 3 Source of Congestion . 6 2.1. 4 Impacts of Traffic Congestion in Central Copenhagen . 7 Tourism . 7 Air and Noise Pollution . 8 2.2 Current and Possible Solutions . 9 2.2.1 The Five Finger Plan . 9 2.2.2 The Copenhagen Metro . 10 2.2.3 Tunnels . 12 Tunnels’ Impact on Air Quality . 12 Urban Green Spaces . 13 Tunnels in Other Cities . 13 Disadvantages of Tunnels . 14 2.2. 4 Roundabouts . 15 2.2. 5 Congestion Pricing . 15 2.2. 6 Light Rail System . 17 2.3 Miljøpunkt Indre By and Their Role in Alleviating Traffic and Pollution Problems . 17 2.3. 1 Agenda 21 . 17 2.3. 2 Agenda 21 in Copenhagen . 18 2.3. 3 Our Project . 18
An asymptotic analysis of the buckling of a highly shear-resistant vesicle

The static compression between two smooth plates of an axisymmetric capsule or vesicle is investigated by means of asymptotic analysis. The governing equations of the vesicle are derived from thin-shell theory and involve a bending stiffness B, a shear modulus H, the unstressed vesicle radius a and a constant surface-area constraint. The sixth-order free-boundary problem obtained by a balance-of-forces approach is addressed in the limit when the dimensionless parameter C = Ha2/B is large and the plate displacements are small. When the plate displacement is of order aC−1/2, the vesicle undergoes a sub-critical buckling instability which is captured by leading-order asymptotics. Asymptotic linear and quadratic force–displacement relations for the pre- and post-buckled solutions are determined. The leading-order post-buckled solution is described by a simple fourth-order problem, exhibiting stress-focusing with stretching and bending confined to a narrow boundary layer. In contrast, in the pre-buckled state, stretching occurs over a larger length scale than bending. The results are in good qualitative agreement with numerical simulations for finite values of C.
0 A Survey of Timing Channels and Countermeasures

A timing channel is a communication channel that can transfer information to a receiver/decoder by modulating the timing behavior of an agent. Examples of this agent include the inter-packet delays of a packet stream, re-ordering packets in a packet stream or resource access time of a cryptographic module. The advances in information theory and the availability of high performance computing systems interconnected by high speed networks, have spurred interest and development of various types of timing channels. With the emergence of complex timing channels, novel detection and prevention techniques are also being developed to counter them. In this paper we provide a detailed survey of timing channels broadly categorized into network timing channel in which communicating entities are connected by a network and in-system timing channel in which the communicating entities are within a computing system. This survey builds upon the last comprehensive survey by [Zander et al. 2007] and considers all the three canonical applications of timing channels namely, covert communication, timing side-channel, and network flow watermarking. We survey the theoretical foundations, the implementation, and the various detection and prevention techniques that have been reported in the literature. Based on the analysis of the current literature we articulate potential future research directions both in the design and applications of timing channels and their detection and prevention techniques.
Determinant of Working Satisfaction Factors with Level of Stress as Intervening Element

Employees are valuable corporate assets and must be managed well by the organization or company, so that employees can give their optimal contribution. One of the main concern for any organization is their employee work satisfactions. This studytest the effect of Workload, Families, Work Environment to Work Satisfaction with Level of Stress as intervening factor. The population that were test in this study is 110 people, and no sample calculation is needed. This study used Workload, Famillies, and Work Environment as Independent variables, Work Satisfaction as Dependent variable, and Level of Stress as Intervening variable. Simple regression and path analysis were used in this study for data analysis, and used SPSS 24 as statistical software. The result of this study is that Workload, Famillies, and Work Environment has no significant effect to Work Satisfaction through Level of Stress. Few suggestion are put forward in this study, one of which is intended for corporation. The employers or corporations are expected to anticipate the level of saturation experienced by its workers.