Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Micromachined AlGaN/GaN Power HEMT With Air-Bridged Matrix Heat Redistribution Layer Design

This letter develops a thermally stable micromachined AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) on an Si substrate with an air-bridged heat redistribution layer design. After removal of the Si substrate beneath the HEMT, a significant breakdown voltage improvement was observed. The drain and source terminals were arranged as the matrix type. The 3 μm-thick Au was adopted for terminals connection and current redistribution layer of the proposed power cell. Compared with the traditional multi-fingers layout, the current density was doubled. In addition, the self-heating phenomenon of power cell was also suppressed by the removal of the substrate and air-bridged matrix layouts.
Sexuality Education Websites for Adolescents: A Framework-Based Content Analysis

The web has unique potential for adolescents seeking comprehensive sexual health information. As such, it is important to understand the nature, scope, and readability of the content and messaging provided by sexuality educational websites. We conducted a content analysis of 14 sexuality education websites for adolescents, based on the 7 essential components (sexual and reproductive health and HIV, relationships, sexual rights and sexual citizenship, pleasure, violence, diversity, and gender) of the International Planned Parenthood Framework for Comprehensive Sexuality Education. A majority of content across all sites focused on sexual and reproductive health and HIV, particularly pregnancy and STI prevention, and other information about STIs and HIV. No other topic comprised more than 10% of content coverage across a majority of sites. The authors found little discussion of gender issues, sexual rights, sexual diversity, or sexual violence. Most sites provided brief references to sexual pleasure, generally moderated with cautionary words. Language used implied a heterosexual female audience. Reading levels for most sites were above the 9th-grade level, with several at the college level. These findings have implications for enhancing online sexuality education and broadening the coverage of essential topics.
Mood disorder questionnaire: it's impact on the field

INTRODUCTION The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is a screening instrument for a lifetime history of bipolar I and II disorder, which was developed by a group of researchers, clinicians, and advocates to improve recognition of bipolar disorder (BD). It is a selfreport, single-page, paper–pencil inventory that can easily be scored by a physician, nurse, or any trained medical staff assistant as well as by the individual himself. The MDQ includes 13 yes/no questions related to manic/hypomanic symptoms or behaviors; e.g. ‘‘Has there ever been a period of time when you were not your usual self and you had much more energy than usual? ,’’ or ‘‘You got much less sleep than usual and found that you didn’t really miss it? ’’ In addition are questions about whether these symptoms co-occurred, or led to familial, financial, or legal problems. The MDQ is a screening instrument and not a diagnostic instrument. Thus, it provides for the consumer, family member, clinician, or researcher information that the individual may have BD, but it does not indicate that the individual has BD. The impact of the MDQ has been substantial. It is widely used in research, clinic, and general community. It has been cited in more than 600 scientific publications and has been translated into 16 languages. The MDQ has been utilized as a screen by very large numbers of people. It is offered on a number of advocacy/support group websites, e.g. the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance and the National Mental Health Association. It is contained on such health and consumer sites as MedScape, Epocrates, and Oprah. com. It is contained on many behavioral and psychiatric websites, e.g. Stanford School of Medicine Bipolar Disorder Clinic, the Hudson Psychiatric Associates, and HRC Behavioral Health and Psychiatry. It is available on government websites, including the Wisconsin Department of Health Sciences. It is available on insurance and managed care websites, such as United Behavioral Health and the Managed Health Network. It has been available on a number of pharmaceutical company websites, including Astra Zeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer.
La visualisation d'information à l'ère du Big Data : résoudre les problèmes de scalabilité par l'abstraction multi-échelle. (Information Visualization in the Big Data era : tackling scalability issues using multiscale abstractions)

L’augmentation de la quantite de donnees a visualiser due au phenomene du Big Data entraine de nouveaux defis pour le domaine de la visualisation d’information. D’une part, la quantite d’information a representer depasse l’espace disponible a l’ecran, entrainant de l’occlusion. D’autre part, ces donnees ne peuvent pas etre stockees et traitees sur une machine conventionnelle. Un systeme de visualisation de donnees massives doit permettre la scalabilite de perception et de performances. Dans cette these, nous proposons une solution a ces deux problemes au travers de l’abstraction multi-echelle des donnees. Plusieurs niveaux de detail sont precalcules sur une infrastructure Big Data pour permettre de visualiser de grands jeux de donnees jusqu’a plusieurs milliards de points. Pour cela, nous proposons deux approches pour implementer l’algorithme de canopy clustering sur une plateforme de calcul distribue. Nous presentons une application de notre methode a des donnees geolocalisees representees sous forme de carte de chaleur, ainsi qu’a des grands graphes. Ces deux applications sont realisees a l’aide de la bibliotheque de visualisation dynamique Fatum, egalement presentee dans cette these.
FTO Gene Polymorphisms and Platelet Counts in a General Japanese Population

The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has recently attracted attention as one of the obesity-related genes. Obesity-related gene polymorphisms may be associated with the development of atherothrombosis in relation to platelets. The present study investigated the association between FTO gene polymorphisms (rs1558902, T/A) and hematological parameters, in particular the platelet counts. Anthropometric, hematological, and biochemical parameters, in addition to genotyping by an allele-specific DNA assay, were measured in 209 asymptomatic community-dwelling Japanese subjects (male/female: 80/129; mean age, 65 years; mean [SD] body mass index, 24.0 [3.0] kg/m2). The subjects with the A-allele (n = 73) showed significantly higher platelet counts than those without the A-allele (mean [SD], 237 [58] vs 217 [57] × 109/L, P < 0.05). Even when multiple-adjusted analyses were performed, the platelet counts continued to differ significantly and independently of other variables, including obesity-related parameters such as the index of insulin resistance or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, between the subjects with and without the A-allele. The FTO gene polymorphisms may be associated with the minor but significant modulation of platelet counts in this population.
Autologous platelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), an intimate assembly of cytokines, glycan chains, and structural glycoproteins enmeshed within a slowly polymerized fibrin network, has the potential to accelerate soft and hard tissue healing. This double-masked randomized study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous PRF in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects compared with open flap debridement (OFD). METHODS Using a split-mouth design, 18 patients with 36 mandibular degree II furcation defects were randomly allotted and treated either with autologous PRF and OFD or OFD. Plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, relative vertical and horizontal clinical attachment level, gingival marginal level, and radiographic bone defect were recorded at baseline and 9 months postoperatively. Comparison between indices between the test and control groups was performed using the paired t test except for plaque index and sulcus bleeding index data, which used the χ(2) test. RESULTS All clinical and radiographic parameters showed statistically significant improvement at the sites treated with PRF and OFD compared to those with OFD alone. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this study, significant improvement with autologous PRF implies its role as a regenerative material in the treatment of furcation defects.
Current crowding effect on thermal characteristics of Ni/doped-Si contacts

Continuous scaling of integrated circuit elements results in an increase of current density and associated Joule heating in the interconnects. The self-heating effect that leads to a temperature rise at interconnects may become a source of thermal reliability problems. This work reports an experimental and computational investigation of the current crowding effect on thermal characteristics of metal/doped-Si contacts. The temperature rise at the contacts is determined from the Seebeck potential measured in a microfabricated test structure. It is found that a nonuniform current distribution introduces a much higher heating power density than a uniform one at the contact window. The increase of the contact temperature is proportional to the power density at the Ni/doped-Si contact. The dependence of sheet resistance of the doped-Si layer, contact resistivity, and contact size on the contact power density is also discussed.
Hepatitis C in an Urban Cohort: Who’s Not Being Treated?

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains widely prevalent in the U.S. Treatment has improved, but rates of treatment initiation remain low. We sought to identify clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients that are associated with failure to initiate treatment of HCV infection. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in our primary care hepatitis C treatment clinic, affiliated with an urban academic hospital. Our population was multi-ethnic, HIV−, HCV+, treatment naïve patients. We measured rates of HCV treatment initiation and sociodemographic, viral, and patient-related variables associated with non-initiation of treatment. The total number of treatment-eligible patients was 168, of whom 41 began treatment and 127 did not. In multivariate analysis, individuals with HCV genotypes 1 and 4 were less likely than others to initiate treatment, as were patients with more medical comorbidities. Further research is needed to understand how factors around initiation interact and how interventions can overcome them.
PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE4 Modulates Phytochrome-Mediated Control of Hypocotyl Growth Orientation1[W][OA]

Gravity and light are major factors shaping plant growth. Light perceived by phytochromes leads to seedling deetiolation, which includes the deviation from vertical hypocotyl growth and promotes hypocotyl phototropism. These light responses enhance survival of young seedlings during their emergence from the soil. The PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) family is composed of four members in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana): PKS1 to PKS4. Here we show that PKS4 is a negative regulator of both phytochrome A- and B-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl growth and promotion of cotyledon unfolding. Most prominently, pks4 mutants show abnormal phytochrome-modulated hypocotyl growth orientation. In dark-grown seedlings hypocotyls change from the original orientation defined by seed position to the upright orientation defined by gravity and light reduces the magnitude of this shift. In older seedlings with the hypocotyls already oriented by gravity, light promotes the deviation from vertical orientation. Based on the characterization of pks4 mutants we propose that PKS4 inhibits changes in growth orientation under red or far-red light. Our data suggest that in these light conditions PKS4 acts as an inhibitor of asymmetric growth. This hypothesis is supported by the phenotype of PKS4 overexpressers. Together with previous findings, these results indicate that the PKS family plays important functions during light-regulated tropic growth responses.
A Survey on Facial Feature Points Detection Techniques and Approaches

— Automatic detection of facial feature points plays an important role in applications such as facial feature tracking, human-machine interaction and face recognition. The majority of facial feature points detection methods using two-dimensional or three-dimensional data are covered in existing survey papers. In this article chosen approaches to the facial features detection have been gathered and described. This overview focuses on the class of researches exploiting facial feature points detection to represent facial surface for two-dimensional or three-dimensional face. In the conclusion, we discusses advantages and disadvantages of the presented algorithms.
Re-imagining the ‘social’ in the nutrition sciences

Abstract Objective In response to The New Nutrition Science Project's Giessen Declaration, we provide here a case for a more fully described and integrated ‘social’ dimension within the nutrition sciences. Design This paper explores what we mean when we argue for socially engaged nutrition sciences (SENS), and describes the disciplinary fields, epistemologies and methodologies that contribute to SENS’ potential rich diversity and value. Additionally, the current positioning of ‘social nutrition’ research within the nutrition sciences is critiqued. Results There is fairly broad acceptance of the ‘social’ as an important contributor to successful public health nutrition situation analyses, intervention planning and implementation. However, we assert that the ‘social’ is not merely a contributor, the usual position, but is central. Implications for policy and practice that could follow from this shift in approach are outlined. Conclusions We call for researchers, educators, policy makers and practitioners alike to re-imagine the role and purpose of social science enquiry that could enable the delivery of more socially engaged nutrition sciences.
Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight: invasion history, population biology and disease control.

Chestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, is a devastating disease infecting American and European chestnut trees. The pathogen is native to East Asia and was spread to other continents via infected chestnut plants. This review summarizes the current state of research on this pathogen with a special emphasis on its interaction with a hyperparasitic mycovirus that acts as a biological control agent of chestnut blight. TAXONOMY Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr. is a Sordariomycete (ascomycete) fungus in the family Cryphonectriaceae (Order Diaporthales). Closely related species that can also be found on chestnut include Cryphonectria radicalis, Cryphonectria naterciae and Cryphonectria japonica. HOST RANGE Major hosts are species in the genus Castanea (Family Fagaceae), particularly the American chestnut (C. dentata), the European chestnut (C. sativa), the Chinese chestnut (C. mollissima) and the Japanese chestnut (C. crenata). Minor incidental hosts include oaks (Quercus spp.), maples (Acer spp.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and American chinkapin (Castanea pumila). DISEASE SYMPTOMS Cryphonectria parasitica causes perennial necrotic lesions (so-called cankers) on the bark of stems and branches of susceptible host trees, eventually leading to wilting of the plant part distal to the infection. Chestnut blight cankers are characterized by the presence of mycelial fans and fruiting bodies of the pathogen. Below the canker the tree may react by producing epicormic shoots. Non-lethal, superficial or callusing cankers on susceptible host trees are usually associated with mycovirus-induced hypovirulence. DISEASE CONTROL After the introduction of C. parasitica into a new area, eradication efforts by cutting and burning the infected plants/trees have mostly failed. In Europe, the mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) acts as a successful biological control agent of chestnut blight by causing so-called hypovirulence. CHV-1 infects C. parasitica and reduces its parasitic growth and sporulation capacity. Individual cankers can be therapeutically treated with hypovirus-infected C. parasitica strains. The hypovirus may subsequently spread to untreated cankers and become established in the C. parasitica population. Hypovirulence is present in many chestnut-growing regions of Europe, either resulting naturally or after biological control treatments. In North America, disease management of chestnut blight is mainly focused on breeding with the goal to backcross the Chinese chestnut's blight resistance into the American chestnut genome.
The Importance of Interruption Management for Usefulness and Acceptance of Automated Driving

To increase the safety in use of automated vehicles, Human Factors research has focused primarily on driver performance during take-over situations. However, surveys on public opinion on automated vehicles still report a lack of acceptance of the technology. In this review, we give an overview on how taking the changed role of the driver into account when designing Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI) of automated vehicles could increase the usefulness of the technology, which might in turn result in increased public acceptance. We propose that balancing the driver's need of being informed about the automated vehicle's status, actions and intentions with the desire to engage in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is likely to play an important role in this process.
Oxcarbazepine Placebo‐Controlled, Dose‐Ranging Trial in Refractory Partial Epilepsy

PURPOSE The goal of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a broad oxcarbazepine (OXC) dosage range (600, 1200, and 2400 mg/d) as adjunctive therapy for uncontrolled partial seizures and to determine the relationship between trough plasma 10-monohydroxy derivative concentrations and OXC safety and efficacy. METHODS This multinational, multicenter, randomized, 28-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm, parallel-group trial enrolled 694 patients aged 15-65 years with uncontrolled partial seizures with or without secondarily generalized seizures. The primary efficacy variable was percentage change in seizure frequency per 28 days relative to baseline. RESULTS The median reduction in seizure frequency was 26%, 40%, 50%, or 8% for patients receiving 600, 1200, or 2400 mg/d OXC or placebo, respectively (all p < or = 0.0001). Of patients in the 600, 1200, or 2400 mg/d OXC groups, 27%, 42%, and 50% respectively, had more than 50% reduction in seizure frequency compared with 13% for placebo (all p < 0.001). Higher plasma 10-monohydroxy derivative concentrations were associated with larger decreases in seizure frequency (p = 0.0001). During the double-blind treatment phase, 84%, 90%, 98%, and 76% of patients receiving 600, 1200, or 2400 mg/d OXC or placebo, respectively, reported one or more adverse events. The most common adverse events were related to the nervous and digestive systems. CONCLUSIONS OXC is safe and effective as adjunctive therapy in patients with uncontrolled partial seizures. OXC 600 mg/d was the minimum effective dosage; effectiveness of OXC increased with dose. The rapid and fixed titration to high doses was associated with an increased risk of adverse events, which could potentially be reduced by adjusting concomitant antiepileptic medication and by using a slower, flexible OXC titration schedule.
The inhibition of endocytosis affects HDL-lipid uptake mediated by the human scavenger receptor class B type I

The scavenger receptor SR-BI plays an important role in the hepatic clearance of HDL cholesterol and other lipids, driving reverse cholesterol transport and contributing to protection against atherosclerosis in mouse models. We characterized the role of endocytosis in lipid uptake from HDL, mediated by the human SR-BI, using a variety of approaches to inhibit endocytosis, including hypertonic shock, potassium or energy depletion and disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Our studies revealed that unlike mouse SR-BI, human SR-BI-mediated HDL-lipid uptake was reduced by inhibition of endocytosis. This was not dependent on the cytoplasmic C-terminus of SR-BI. Monitoring the uptake of both the protein and lipid components of HDL revealed that although overall lipid uptake was decreased, the degree of selective lipid uptake was increased. These data suggest that that endocytosis is a dynamic regulator of SR-BI's selective lipid uptake activity.
Investigational drugs in sickle cell anemia

Sickle cell anemia is one of the most common autosomal recessive diseases in the world. Patients with sickle cell anemia have variable penetrance and it is hard to predict the risk and timing of complications. It is characterized by a point mutation in the β-globin gene (GAG → GTG) and the production of hemoglobin S. The latter leads to decreased deformability of the red blood cells (RBCs) that adhere to endothelia cells culminating in vascular occlusion and its sequelae of tissue ischemia and organ damage. Moreover, sickled RBCs undergo intravascular hemolysis and accelerated erythropoesis. The hallmarks of this disease are shortened RBC survival and vaso-occlusive crises. For the past ten years, the pathophysiology of this disease has been better elucidated and has led to significant improvements in the standard of care. Vaso-occlusion is now understood to be a complex event that involves abnormal interactions between RBCs, leukocytes, endothelial cells and the coagulation pathways. The field of translational research in sickle cell anemia has expanded greatly and has led to new clinical trials with new therapeutic agents and strategies. In this paper, we review the drugs that are now being investigated in the treatment of sickle cell anemia.