Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BIPOLAR DISORDER IN ADULTS

Bipolar disorder is a chronic illness, which may require life-long treatment. Patients will spend 3-5 times more days in the depressed episode then in the manic phase. Due to this variability in episodes, polypharmacy is used quite frequently in practice, though the evidence to do this remains quite limited. Many positive and negative outcomes can occur from this practice. Bipolar disorder is the 6th leading cause of disability in the developed world among those between the ages 15 and 44 years age groups. Serotonin is one of the neurotransmitter in the brain, and one of that strongly affects the person mood. Clozapine (clozaril), olanzapine (zyperexa), risperidone (Risperdal), and ziprasidone (zeldox) and the clozapine may be helpful as mood stabilizer for people who do not respond to lithium and anticonvulsant.
Arctic aerosol life cycle: linking aerosol size distributions observed between 2000 and 2010 with air mass transport and precipitation at Zeppelin station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Abstract. In this study we present a qualitative and quantitative assessment of more than 10 yr of aerosol number size distribution data observed in the Arctic environment (Mt. Zeppelin (78°56' N, 11°53' E, 474 m a.s.l.), Ny Alesund, Svalbard). We provide statistics on both seasonal and diurnal characteristics of the aerosol observations and conclude that the Arctic aerosol number size distribution and related parameters such as integral mass and surface area exhibit a very pronounced seasonal variation. This seasonal variation seems to be controlled by both dominating source as well as meteorological conditions. Three distinctly different periods can be identified during the Arctic year: the haze period characterized by a dominating accumulation mode aerosol (March–May), followed by the sunlit summer period with low abundance of accumulation mode particles but high concentration of small particles which are likely to be recently and locally formed (June–August). The rest of the year is characterized by a comparably low concentration of accumulation mode particles and negligible abundance of ultrafine particles (September–February). A minimum in aerosol mass and number concentration is usually observed during September/October. We further show that the transition between the different regimes is fast, suggesting rapid change in the conditions defining their appearance. A source climatology based on trajectory analysis is provided, and it is shown that there is a strong seasonality of dominating source areas, with Eurasia dominating during the Autumn–Winter period and dominance of North Atlantic air during the summer months. We also show that new-particle formation events are rather common phenomena in the Arctic during summer, and this is the result of photochemical production of nucleating/condensing species in combination with low condensation sink. It is also suggested that wet removal may play a key role in defining the Arctic aerosol year, via the removal of accumulation mode size particles, which in turn have a pivotal role in facilitating the conditions favorable for new-particle formation events. In summary the aerosol Arctic year seems to be at least qualitatively predictable based on the knowledge of seasonality of transport paths and associated source areas, meteorological conditions and removal processes.
The effect of retention factors on organisational commitment : an investigation of high technology employees

The objective of the present study was to investigate specific retention factors that induced the organisational commitment of high technology employees. A sample of 94 professional technicians from a South African owned telecommunications company based in the Gauteng province participated. The Organisational Commitment Scale and a retention factor measurement scale were administered. The most relevant explanatory factors were compensation, job characteristics, supervisor support, and work/life policies, which appeared to have a statistically significant influence on the development of organisational commitment in high technology employees. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Mechanisms of filter feeding in immature Simulium bivittatum Malloch (Diptera: Simuliidae) and Isonychia campestris McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Oligoneuriidae)

Immatures of Isonychia campestris McDunnough and Simulium bivittatum Malloch, fed mixtures of six size classes of polystyrene particles, captured particles that were smaller than the pore spaces between filtering structures more efficiently than was expected if filters functioned only as mechanical sieves. Capture efficiency was highest for the smallest (0.5 – 5.7 μm) particles. Relative efficiencies of filters for capturing suspended particles by four aerosol filtration mechanisms show that interception and diffusive deposition are mechanisms by which smaller particles reach the filter surface. The latter mechanism is a better predictor of size distribution of 0.5- to 5.7-μm particles captured by both insects. Adhesion of particles to filtering structures is probably by hydrophilic–hydrophobic or ionic interaction between particles and filters.
2 Paths , Forests and Multipartite Graphs

The matching problem is an important combinatorial problem defined on a graph. Graphs provide very often a pictorial representation of the mathematical structure underlying combinatorial optimization problems. On the other hand, graph theory is by itself rich of elegant results that can give us useful insights on many combinatorial and physical problems. For these reasons, we present here a very short introduction to the basic definitions and results of graph theory. We will refer mostly to the standard textbook of Diestel [3].
Complex Networks : an emerging branch of science

faculty in Centre for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Indore. She obtained her Ph.D. from Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad in 2004 in Physics with the specialization in Nonlinear dynamics and complex systems. After post‐doctoral experience at MPI‐MiS, MPI‐PKS and NUS Singapore, she established Complex Systems Lab upon joining IIT Indore as Assistant Professor in December 2010. Dr. Jalan has authored over 60 publications in peer‐reviewed journals. She has made fundamental contributions in nonlinear dynamics research through her discoveries of novel collective states and complex dynamical behavior of coupled networks. She has played a key role in applying spectral graph and random matrix theories to complex systems research that has provided valuable insights into hidden structural symmetries of networks. An outstanding feature of her research is demonstration of practical applications of network science in a wide range of potential problems ranging from early cancer detection to optimized synchronization. Camellia Sarkar is a graduate student at Complex Systems Lab, Indian Institute of Technology Indore. After obtaining a M.Tech. degree in Biotechnology from SRM University, Chennai, she joined Complex Systems Lab in 2013. Her Ph.D. work encompasses investigations on complex biological and social systems using tools from network theory and spectral graph theory, with prime emphasis on protein‐ protein interaction networks, gene regulatory networks, codon‐based co‐occurrence networks, movie co‐actor networks and scientific collaboration networks.
STEMI in Women

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in Indian women. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including unstable angina (UA), non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), represent a large portion of the clinical presentation of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indians. Despite the importance of CAD for women, there is persistent perception that CAD is a man’s disease. We have been interested in coronary artery disease in women and thereafter we observed interesting data about STEMI in women, particularly highlighting the incidence, risk factors, interventional procedure with immediate and long-term outcome. Methods: We studied clinical and angiographic profiles of 100 women admitted with STEMI who underwent coronary angiography and angioplasty over a period of 5 years at Nanavati Hospital, Mumbai, India. The objectives were to examine the distribution of risk factor and coronary angiographic patterns of CAD in women presenting with STEMI. Results: It was observed that myocardial infarction is most commonly involving women between the age 50 to 80 years. Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension were found to be most common risk factors involved in development of myocardial infarction in obese females. Most common presentation of STEMI was inferior wall MI. Most common coronary angiography finding was multi vessel disease. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of myocardial infarction in women varies from mild chest discomfort to severe unstable angina. Primary angioplasty is the gold standard treatment for such patients. Data about gender as an independent prognostic factor for death is conflicting. Women usually present at a later age with atypical symptoms and have higher rates of comorbidity, which translates to a worse prognosis post-ACS than men. As this study is based on experience at single centre, various biases may be possible.
Participation in Smoking Cessation

Several factors have predicted participation in smoking cessation programs: (1) higher motivation or self-efficacy; (2) education; (3) smoking level; (4) smoking history; (5) quit attempts; and (6) health concerns. The variables that have predicted participation, however, generally have not predicted cessation. The transtheoretical model has described the stages and processes of change common to a variety of behavior changes. The stages have predicted changes in smoking behavior and an optimal pattern of stage by process activity has predicted quitting. This study explored the ability of the stages and processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance to predict participation in group smoking cessation programs at three participation levels: (1) expressing interest in a cessation program; (2) selecting a specific program; and (3) attending a program's first session. The transtheoretical model's predictions for participation and quitting after 6 months were compared with those from a model based cn demographic and smoking history predictors often cited in research. Subjects were volunteers selected from among self-change failures who had been participants in a longitudinal study evaluating minimal interventions for smoking cessations. The results indicate that transtheoretical model construas are relevant for participation as well as cessation. In addition, smokcrs with higher levels of experiential processes like consciousness-ra;. sing are more likely to participate in the offered programs, and smokers who are more negative about smoking are more likely to ask for more help. Both the participation and quitting results provide further support for the transtheoretical model where higher levels of self-efficacy and behavioral processes contribute the most to change. (BF) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Predicting Participation in Smoking Ces,_ tion Programs UJ Carl W. Scott, Ph.D. University of St. Thomas 3800 Montrose Blvd. Houston, TX 77006-4696 Carlo C. DiClemente, Ph.D. Mary M. Velasquez, M.A. University of Houston Poster Presented at the 101st Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association August 1993, Toronto, Canada Address correspondence to: Carl W. Scott, Ph.D. Psychology Department University of St. Thomas 3800 Montrose Blvd. Houston, TX 77006-4696 Phone: (713) 525-3182 Fax: (713) 525-2125 lan U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION C Office of Educational Research and Improvement T EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Lf"N This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originahng it r Minor changes have beors made to improve C reproduction quahty Points ol view or opinions stated in this docu merit do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy C. ) 2 -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY C 5c4T-T TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Participation in Smoking Cessation
The Association between Maternal Vitamin D Status in Gestation and Pre- Eclampsia

Preeclampsia is a complex and life threatening pregnancy disorder is mojor cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that low vitamin D is associated with the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. As such, identification of the mechanisms behind this relationship and placental vascular endothelial dysfunction presents itself as a significant modifiable disease risk factor, which if identified and managed appropriately, may make a significant impact in reducing the burden of disease.
Mixed-effect models

Mixed-effect modeling is recommended for data with repeated measures, as often encountered in designed experiments as well as in corpus-based studies. The mixed-effect model provides a flexible instrument for studying data sets with both fixed-effect factors and random-effect factors, as well as numerical covariates, that allows conclusions to generalize to the populations sampled by the random-effect factors. Mixed-effect models can straightforwardly incorporate two or more random-effect factors. By providing shrinkage estimates for the effects associated with the units sampled with a given random-effect factor, the mixed model provides enhanced prediction accuracy. Mixed-effect models also make available enhanced instruments for modeling interactions of random-effect and fixed-effect predictors. As mixedeffects models do not depend on prior aggregation, they also offer the researcher the possibility to bring longitudinal effects into the statistical model.
Chapter 2 Machine Learning

We present an extensive review on the subject of machine learning by studying existing literature. We focus primarily on the main approaches that have been proposed in order to address the problem of machine learning and how they may be categorized according to type and amount of inference. Speciﬁcally, the categorization of the various machine learning paradigms according to the type of inference,
Demographic Diversity in Top Management Team and Financial Reporting Quality in Commercial State Corporations in Kenya

The purpose of the paper is to examine the effect of demographic diversity in Top Management Team (TMT) on financial reporting quality in commercial state corporations. The study adopted correlational and longitudinal research design and stepwise regression analysis of FRQ variables on a set of demographic diversity variables in TMT. The findings provide considerable evidence to suggest that TMT demographic diversity are associated with financial reporting quality measured by fundamental qualitative characteristics of accounting information, earnings management, timeliness in reporting and disclosure quality. The research implication is that; in general, demographic diversity in TMT- gender, age, education, tenure and functional background may have important implication for financial reporting quality under different measures. The value of this paper is to extend Prior research by addressing the potential effects of TMT demographic diversity on FRQ. The findings reported in this paper provide novel insight to empirical financial reporting quality literature in commercial state corporations.
A different kind of honor culture: Family honor and aggression in Turks

Masculine honor has been found to explain the relationship between insults and aggression in the USA. However, detailed accounts of Mediterranean honor cultures suggest that family honor may be more important in explaining cross-cultural differences in aggression. Two studies revealed that people from Turkish honor culture intended to aggress more after being insulted than Dutch people from a nonhonor culture (Study 1), and that this effect was driven by differences in family honor rather than differences in masculine honor (Study 2). We posit that family honor may be a key factor in explaining insult-related aggression in Mediterranean honor cultures.
Geometry-based and Texture-based Visualization of Segmented Tensor Fields

Tensors are commonly used to describe physical and mechanical phenomena. The concept of tensors was introduced in physics and later refined in mathematics, especially in the field of tensor algebra. Tensors are used in different scientific areas, for example medicine, geology, physics and mechanics. However, due to the inherent complexity of tensor data, analysis and interpretation is often difficult; this has led to the development of tensor data visualization methods. Tensor field visualization is a sub-branch of scientific visualization. Scientific visualization focuses on scalar-based and vector-based methods. For tensor field visualization these methods are extended, as tensors are multivariate by nature and encode more information. The meaning of individual components of a tensor is not obvious without context; a tensor forms one entity that must be analyzed as a whole. The tensor invariants, e.g. eigenvalues and eigenvectors, provide a useful means of analysis. The focus in this thesis is on stress and strain tensors. This work is concerned with two different visualization approaches for 2D segmented tensor fields. Based on a pre-computed segmentation of the original tensor field, a geometry-based discrete visualization and a piecewise continuous texture-based visualization are presented. The segmentation of the tensor field allows extraction of regions with similar properties. These regions are given as explicit cells and serve as the basis for the visualization. The task of the geometry-based visualization approach is to place a geometric icon in each extracted cell. The icon represents chosen tensor characteristics for the extracted cell. In order to visualize these characteristics, the eigenvalues are transformed to a restricted positive interval. This approach is a modification of glyph placement, which is a well-known in tensor field visualization method. In contrast to discrete visual representation of the tensor field by glyphs, texture-based visualization provides a piecewise continuous representation. The characteristic features of the tensor field regions and directions of compressive and expansive forces are represented by textures. An input texture pattern is aligned according to the eigenvector field, scaled by the transformed eigenvalues and mapped onto each cell. As proof of concept, the methods developed in this thesis are applied to synthetic datasets and the visualization approaches are compared.
Movement orientation by adult and juvenile Wood Frogs (Rana sylvatica) and American Toads (Bufo americanus) over multiple years.

—We conducted a four-year study of Wood Frogs (Rana sylvatica) and American Toads (Bufo americanus) occurring syntopically at a breeding site surrounded by different, but equally accessible, habitat types to investigate whether adults and juveniles had non-random movement orientations and whether those orientations differed among species, life stages, and years. Using a single drift fence encircling the breeding pond, we found that adult Wood Frogs oriented non-randomly each year and consistently avoided orientating their migration toward or away from habitat consisting of relatively younger, successional, more restricted forest, with a road edge, and with high soil moisture, and reduced canopy cover and litter depth (West). Adult American Toads oriented their migrations non-randomly to and from the pond in three or four of the years, respectively, but, orientation patterns were inconsistent across years. Wood Frog and American Toad juveniles initially oriented non-randomly each year; however, the patterns also showed no trends across years. Adult Wood Frog orientations did not seem to be affected by the differences in forest age or between residential or agricultural edges, but the road edge, the reduction in leaf litter depth, and/or tree density might have negatively impacted their orientation patterns. It remains unclear why adult American Toad patterns varied over time. Furthermore, juvenile trends showed that metamorphs did make an orientation decision, but because that predominant direction changed across years, perhaps cues other than habitat were influential. We suggest that multi-year studies may be crucial to fully understand movement patterns of a particular amphibian life stage and/or species.
Black Holes Have Soft Quantum Hair A black hole may carry ‘ ‘ soft hair , ’ ’ low-energy quantum excitations that release information when the black hole evaporates . by

F our decades ago, Stephen Hawking proposed that black holes could destroy information—a conclusion that is incompatible with standard laws of quantum physics. This idea started a controversy known as the “black hole information problem” that even now has not been resolved. A new study by Hawking himself and Malcolm Perry, both at the University of Cambridge, and by Andrew Strominger at Harvard University shows that some of the assumptions that led to the information problem might be wrong [1]. Their results do not completely solve the problem, but point to a promising research direction that might lead to its long-awaited solution.
Evidence for CP violation in B0--&gt;J/psipi0 decays.

We present measurements of the branching fraction and time-dependent CP asymmetries in B 0 ! J= (cid:1) 0 decays based on 466 (cid:1) 10 6 (cid:1) (cid:2) 4 S (cid:3) ! B (cid:2) B events collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory. We measure the CP asymmetry parameters S (cid:4) (cid:5) 1 : 23 (cid:6) 0 : 21 (cid:2) stat (cid:3) (cid:6) 0 : 04 (cid:2) syst (cid:3) and C (cid:4) (cid:5) 0 : 20 (cid:6) 0 : 19 (cid:2) stat (cid:3) (cid:6) 0 : 03 (cid:2) syst (cid:3) , where the measured value of ( S , C ) is 4.0 standard deviations from (0, 0) including systematic uncertainties. The branching fraction is determined to be B (cid:2) B 0 ! J= (cid:1) 0 (cid:3) (cid:4) (cid:7) 1 : 69 (cid:6) 0 : 14 (cid:2) stat (cid:3) (cid:6) 0 : 07 (cid:2) syst (cid:3)(cid:8) (cid:1) .
Equivalence of Population Variances: Synchronizing the Objective and Analysis

ABSTRACT Researchers are often interested in establishing equivalence of population variances. Traditional difference-based procedures are appropriate to answer questions about differences in some statistic (e.g., variances, etc.). However, if a researcher is interested in evaluating the equivalence of population variances, it is more appropriate to use a procedure designed to determine equivalence. A simulation study was used to compare novel equivalence-based tests to traditional variance homogeneity tests under common data conditions. Results demonstrated that traditional difference-based tests assess equality of variances from the wrong perspective and that the proposed Levene-Wellek-Welch test for equivalence of group variances the best performing test for detecting equivalence. An R function is provided in order to facilitate use of this test for equivalence of population variances.
r 0 0 DTI FLE Cop ~ y Technical Report No . 1 ON THE PROPAGATION OF MAXIMALLY DISSIPATIVE PHASE BOUNDARIES IN SOLIDS by

41 This paper is concerned with the kinetics of propagating phase boundaries in a bar made of a special nonlinearly elastic material. First, it is shown that there is a kinetic law of the form f = (s) relating the driving traction f at a phase boundary to the phase boundary velocity s that corresponds to a notion of maximum dissipation analogous to the concept of maximum plastic work. Second, it is shown that a modified version of the entropy rate admissibility criterion can also be described by a kinetic relation of the above form, but with a different p. Both kinetic relations are applied to the Riemann problem for longitudinal waves in the bar.