Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Prednisolone Therapy on Hand Osteoarthritis Patients with Synovitis

Objective: To study the clinical effect of short-term prednisolone therapy on patients with hand osteoarthritis accompanied by synovitis. Methods: From December 2017 to December 2019, 80 patients with synovitis diagnosed with hand osteoarthritis were randomly divided into 2 groups according to different treatment schemes, 40 cases in each group: Prednisone treatment group (group P: 5 mg/ mL /time/day, 2 ml, oral) and placebo group (group C: 2 mL /time/day, placebo, oral) continued this regimen for 6 weeks. The patients in group P were changed to 5 mg/mL/time/day, and after 1 week of continuous medication, the dosage was changed to 2.5 mg/day and continued to be used for 1 week, and the medication was stopped. Group C changed the placebo dosage according to group P. Observed from the 9th to the 14th week, a total of 6 weeks. The joint swelling, visual analogue score (VAS score), salvage analgesic drug use, joint function score, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were recorded in both groups. Results: All patients completed the 14-week trial and follow-up. The recorded results are as follows: the VAS scores of the hand bone joints of the two groups were compared with those before treatment (T0). The VAS scores were 6 weeks (T1) and 8 weeks (T2). The pain was relieved, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: The short-term treatment of prednisolone can significantly improve the pain symptoms of hand osteoarthritis, reduce the synovitis reaction, and there are no obvious adverse events, which can effectively improve hand joint function.
Expression of Endothelin-1 and bFGF mRNA in Keloid Tissues

Objective To determine the expression of endothelin-1(ET-1) and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) mRNA in keloid lesion. Methods Skin biopsies were obtained from patients with keloid, normal scar and healthy controls. The expression of ET-1 and bFGF mRNA was evaluated by in situ hybridization with Dig labelled cDNA probe. Results Dermal ET-1 and bFGF mRNA staining was more intensive in keloid lesion than that in scar and control tissue. Increased ET-1 staining was mainly observed in the superficial dermal vessels and dermal fibroblasts. ET-1 positive fibroblasts were found in 6 of 8 patients with keloid and diffusely distributed. Conclusion The overexpression of ET-1 and bFGF in keloid indicates that ET-1 and bFGF may play a role in the formation of keloid.
Reproductive, growth performance and carcass traits of pigs raised under existing low input tribal backyard pig production system in Dima Hasao, Assam of North East India

The present study was conducted in Dima Hasao district of Assam, hilly terrain region in North Eastern state of India to assess the reproductive, growth performance and carcass traits of pigs raised under existing low input tribal backyard pig production system. Using an interview based structure pre-tested questionnaire, a collection of data pertaining to 150 tribal pig farmers across 15 villages in randomly selected five blocks viz., Maibang, Diyungbra, Harangajao, Mahur and New Sangbar, respectively (September, 2019 to April, 2020). Assessment of reproductive performance (n=28), growth performance (86) and carcass traits (n=12) were utilized in this study. Results obtained in this study were age at puberty, age at first conception and age at first farrowing were statistically significant (P
Changes in the Respiration, Growth, and Vitamin C Content of Soybean Sprouts in Response to Chitosan of Different Molecular Weights

To study the effects of chitosan on the productivity and nutritional quality of soy- bean (Glycine max L.) sprouts, soybean seeds were soaked in solutions containing 1,000 ppm chitosan of low ( 1,000 kDa) molecular weight, and the respiration, growth, and vitamin C content of the sprouts were subsequently evalu- ated. Sprouts treated with high molecular weight chitosan exhibited a signifi cant increase in respiration, 5%, within 1 day of treatment. Chitosan effectively increased the growth of the sprouts: sprouts treated with high molecular weight chitosan showed increases of 3%, 1%, 3%, 1%, and 12% in the total length, hypocotyl length, root length, hypocotyl thickness, and fresh weight, respectively, as compared to a control. The growth-improving effects of chitosan were proportional to the molecular weight of the molecule used in the treatment. Chitosan treatment did not result in any signifi cant reduction in vitamin C content or postharvest chlorophyll formation, traits that determine the nutritional and marketing values of soybean sprouts. All these results suggest that soaking soybean seeds in a solution of chitosan, especially of high molecular weight, may effectively enhance the productivity of soybean sprouts without adverse effects on the nutritional and postharvest characteristics. The soybean (Glycine max) sprout, a ger- minated soybean seed, is a traditional Korean food of great popularity. Soybean sprouts have high nutritional value, as the soybean seed itself contains high levels of proteins and lipids; con- sequently, soybean sprouts have traditionally been an important source of plant protein in the Korean diet. Moreover, during germina- tion, seed oligosaccharides such as stachyose and raffi nose are converted into digestible monosaccharides, and the trypsin inhibitor activity and phytic acid content decrease (Kim et al., 1993). Other important changes in the nutritional value of sprouts during germina- tion are the increases in free amino acids, such as asparagines, and vitamin C, which increases to over 200 times the level found in ungerminated seeds (Kim et al., 1993). Due to their high nutritional value and relatively low price, soybean sprouts are currently the third most highly consumed vegetable in Korea, and soybean sprout production has become an important agricultural business. Chitosan, derived from the chitin of crab or crustacean shells, is a polymer of 2-amino- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (glucosamine). Chitosan has been accepted as a natural health food ad- ditive, based upon its safety for consumption. Reports are increasing on the use of chitosan for medicinal and industrial food purposes evaluate the molecular-weight-dependent effects of chitosan on the respiration, growth, and qualitative factors of soybean sprouts, in order to better understand and use chitosan in soybean sprout production.
Oxynetra: Facies and DNA Barcodes Point to a New Species from Costa Rica (Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Pyrrhopygini)

ABSTRACT. Oxynetra stangelandi Grishin & Burns, new species, from high elevations of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica, is most similar to Oxynetra hopfferi Staudinger, known from mountains of central and southern Costa Rica and western Panama. These hesperiid species differ mainly in body color pattern and in DNA barcodes. We compare their barcodes, nucleotide by nucleotide, together with barcodes of a congener and a species of the related genus Olafia, and use the barcode data to show phylogenetic relationships. We describe the new species, its discovery, its male and female genitalia, and its life history as a cloud forest herbivore of Prunus annularis (Rosaceae). In ACG, no other skippers feed on this plant species, and no other skippers of the tribe Pyrrhopygini feed on plants in the family Rosaceae. Various stages of O. stangelandi belong to mimicry complexes. Although our adults, which are reared from wild-caught caterpillars, are split between the sexes (4 males, 6 females), there are scarcely any females of Oxynetra in the world's museums.
Bioefficacy of Trichoderma as biological control agent against sugarcane wilt

Sugarcane is one of the most important cash crops grown in India. Diseases cause deterioration in the juice quality of infected canes and reduce extraction of sugar. Among the various diseases reported from India, wilt is important disease in sugarcane. The disease is soil as well as sett borne in nature. In recent years, the use of bio-pesticides has gained attention in the management of diseases because of their non-hazardous nature, easily biodegradable and also do not cause bioaccumulation. Some of the most potent isolates of Trichoderma spp. identified from study were tested in lab as well as field condition for disease management of wilt. In a field experiment it was observed that the wilt incidence in the susceptible variety CoLk 97169 was considerably reduced and yield was enhanced in soil application of Trichoderma (20 kg TMC/ha) followed by sett dipping in Trichoderma spore suspension (106 spores/ml) before planting. Trichoderma can be multiplied either on FYM or press mud for its incorporation in sugarcane fields for the management of wilt disease.
Assessment of Inflammatory Markers in the Epidural Infusion of Bupivacaine-Fentanyl Compared to Morphine Bolus Injection in Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgeries

Background: Gastrointestinal surgery is one of the procedures that result to produce inflammatory reactions and pain to patients. Administrate of high-safe analgesia in surgery is very essential, to reduce pain and improve inflammatory reactions. Objectives: The present study compared inflammatory markers and pain relief with the epidural infusion of bupivacaine-fentanyl and intravenous morphine bolus in gastrointestinal cancer surgeries. Methods: This randomized control clinical trial study was carried out from December 2018 to October 2020, on ASA I and II patients aged between 30-80 years who referred for gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Cases were randomly distributed into two groups. Group I received epidural catheter with bupivacaine (18 cases), and group II received fentanyl and morphine bolus injection (18 cases). On the first and second days post-operation, data on pain scores based on visual analogue scale (VAS) score, inflammatory markers (procalcitonin [PCT] and C-reactive protein [CRP]), platelet (PLT), white blood cells (WBCs), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was recorded. Results: The mean age was 52.21±16.13 years (41.6% male, 58.4 female). The mean of ESR, CRP and PCT postoperative were significantly higher than preoperative (P 0.05). The mean of pain was less in the epidural group than in the morphine group postoperative (P = 0.02). Conclusion: The results showed that epidural fentanyl-bupivacaine infusion was more effective in pain reduction than the intravenous infusion of morphine in cases undergoing gastrointestinal cancer operation. However, both analgesic approaches were similar in inflammatory functions.
MONITORING OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIRS OF KOPARGAON CITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ALGAL FLORA AT YESGAON, DIST. AHMEDHNAGAR MAHARASHTRA (M.S.), INDIA

© 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 16 MONITORING OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIRS OF KOPARGAON CITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ALGAL FLORA AT YESGAON, DIST. AHMEDHNAGAR MAHARASHTRA (M.S.), INDIA
Interferon-like virus-inhibitor induced in human leukocytes by phytohemagglutinin.

Phytohemagglutinin, an extract of the kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, induces in human leukocyte cultures an inhibitor of the cytopathic effects of Sindbis virus. The physicochemical and biological properties of this virus-inhibitor are similar to those of interferon induced by Newcastle disease virus, except for an instability at pH 2 and 10 and at 56°C.
“Nauseating” Displays of Loyalty: Monitoring the Factional Bargain through Ideological Campaigns in China

Autocrats, as factional patrons, only find out the true loyalty of clients during a serious political challenge, when they are least able to enforce the factional bargain. In autocracies with norms against cults of personalities, public, exaggerated praises may constitute an alternative way for clients to signal loyalty credibly. By suffering the social cost of being despised by others, sycophants credibly signal their affinity to a particular leader, thus deterring factional rivals from recruiting them into an alternative coalition. This article develops a measure of such “nauseating” displays of loyalty in China through content analysis of provincial newspapers between 2000 and 2004. OLS and PCSE estimations are used to inquire whether provincial faction members were more likely to echo an ideological campaign launched by their patron. Further analysis explores whether faction members in rich and poor localities echoed the campaign in different ways. The findings suggest that ideological campaigns function as radars that allow senior leaders to discern the loyalty of faction members.
The impact of innovation on firms’ performance: an analysis of the hotel sector in Majorca

Studies of the role of innovation in the survival opportunities of firms and in their financial performance are scarce regarding services, and the hospitality sector in particular. This paper expands the research in this field. First, the determinants of environmental and nonenvironmental innovations are analysed separately. Common factors are found to have different impacts on innovations of a different nature. Second, the role of varying innovation practices in hotel performance is studied. Non-environmental innovations and only some particular environmental innovations are found to have a positive impact on hotel performance, and to contribute to an understanding of their relative performance, even when controlling for quality or human capital variables. These results highlight the convenience of discriminating among innovation measures to guide hotel policies more efficiently. They also suggest that the environmental regulator may be required to intervene for those innovative measures that do not translate into hotels’ self-interest, from a performance point of view.
A primary study on Chinese terrestrial ecosystem services and their ecological-economic values

Ecosystem services are the conditions and processing through which the natural ecosystems and the species,that make them up,sustain and fulfill the human life.They not only supply to the human being with the production of ecosystem goods,but also perform the fundamental life support services,which include the purification of air and water,detoxification and decomposition of wastes,regulation of climate,regeneration of soil fertility,and production and maintenance of biodiversity,mitigation of floods and droughts.The Chinese ecosystem services and their indirect economic values were estimated based on ecological function analysis.The study showed that the indirect economic values in RMB of organic matter production,CO_(2) fixation,O_(2) release,nutrient recycle,soil protection,water holding capacity and environmental purification were 1.57×10~(13) Yuan/a,2.84×10~(2) Yuan/a,2.84×10~(12) Yuan/a,3.24×10~(11) Yuan/a,5.69×10~(12) Yuan/a,2.71×10~(11) Yuan/a,4.90×10~(12) Yuan/a,respectively.
Implementation Cycles

The paper describes an artificial economy in which firms in different sectors make inventions at different times but innovate simultaneously to take advantage of high aggregate demand. In turn, high demand results from simultaneous innovation in many sectors. The economy exhibits multiple cyclical equilibria, with entrepreneurs' expectations determining which equilibrium obtains. These equilibria are Pareto ranked, and the most profitable equilibrium need not be the most efficient. While an informed stabilization policy can sometimes raise welfare, if large booms are necessary to cover fixed costs of innovation, stabilization policy can stop all technological progress.
Two Years′Growth Response to Fertilization in Young Cunninghamia lanceolata ,Pinus elloittii ,and EucaIyptus urophylla Plantation

This paper reports the results of a two-year research on growth response tofertilization in young Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pinus elloittii, Eucalyptus urophylla planta-tions. For Chinese fir,the growth response was significant to the application of P,PK,NPand NPK,and the highest growth appeared in the treatment applied with 25 kg /hm2 of P2O5,which resulted in an increase of 24%in height and 30%in basal diameter. The growth re-sponse of slash pine is remarkable to P,PN and PK,The height and basal diameter of slashpine were promoted by 74%and 69%by the application of 50 kg P2O5+50 kg N/hm2,and72%and 65%by the application of 50 kg P2O5+50 kg K2O/hm2.For Eucalyptus urophylla,the growth response was significant to treatments NPK,NP and NK with the highest growthincrement in NPK,height increased by 245%,basal diameter by 279%and DBH by l156%in treament l00 kg N+ 100 kg P2O5+50 kg K2O/hm2.
Strength Development Ratio Of Untreated And Heat Treated Sisal Fibre Reinforced Medium Strength Ternary Concrete

The strength development ratio (Fc) of plain concrete and ternary concrete containing three blends of fly ash (FA) and calcined waste crushed clay bricks (CWCCB) as pozzolanas and incorporating 3% volume fraction (Vf) of 40mm average length of untreated and heat treated sisal fibre have been investigated. In this investigation, nine variations of concrete and ternary concrete samples were prepared and cast in 150mmx150mmx150mm mould comprising: (1) Plain concrete of 1:2:4 mix ratio, as control specimens (i.e. one part of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as binder, two parts of river sand as fine aggregate, and four parts of 19mm crushed granite as coarse aggregate), designated as (4C). (2) Concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, reinforced with 3% Vf of untreated sisal fibre (4F). (3) Concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, reinforced with 3% Vf of heat treated sisal fibre (4FH). (4) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio consisting of 50% OPC + 20% FA + 30% CWCCB and reinforced with 3% Vf of untreated sisal fibre (4F20/30). (5) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio as in (4) and reinforced with 3% Vf of heat treated sisal fibre (4FH20/30). (6) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio of 50% OPC + 25% FA + 25% CWCCB and reinforced with 3% Vf of untreated sisal fibre (4F25/25). (7) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio as in (6) and reinforced with 3% Vf of heat treated sisal fibre (4FH25/25). (8) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio of 50% OPC + 30% FA + 20% CWCCB and reinforced with 3% Vf of untreated sisal fibre (4F30/20). (9) Ternary concrete specimens of 1:2:4 mix ratio, with binder ratio as in (8) and reinforced with 3% Vf of heat treated sisal fibre (4FH30/20). Water/binder ratio was kept constant at 0.6 for all specimens. The cube specimens were cured by immersion in clean water and tested at 7, 28 and 90 days curing ages. Plain concrete specimens incorporating 3% Vf of untreated sisal fibre enhanced the strength development ratio by 65%. Heat treatment of sisal fibre caused an overall reduction of the strength
POST ANALYSIS OF SNORT INTRUSION FILES USING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES: DECISION TREE AND BAYESIAN NETWORK

Network security is a crucial information technology activity today. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are among the fastest growing technologies in computer security domain. These systems are designed to identify/ prevent any hostile intrusion into a network. Most conventional intrusion detection systems have limitations in the way they log their alerts which snort exhibit is known as the infidelity issue, that is to say snort IDS does not infer the behavior of the network traffic generated, which can result in misinterpretations. Therefore in this project data mining techniques was applied to the logged alert in order to extract hidden knowledge of the traffic pattern. This research investigates the network domain of data mining using the network alerts generated from snort intrusion detection system in order to mine the alerts for re-classification. The data comprised of nine sixty (960) records of alerts. Classification task is used to evaluate the alerts making use of Bayesian Network and Decision Tree methods. The output of the two classification methods – Bayesian Network and Decision Tree are compared to determine the one that gives the best classification results. At the modeling stage, open source software called WEKA 3.6. 13 was used. The data set was divided into two sets – Training and Testing. Sixty eight percent (68%) was used for training while thirty two percent (32%) was used for testing. From the output generated from the experiment, Decision tree outperformed Bayesian network in most aspects and the existing snort with data mining is more reliable and efficient over snort alone. The results obtained from the analysis clearly demonstrated that Decision tree outperformed Bayesian network. Decision tree demonstrated a superior performance than Bayesian network in term of the number of correctly classified instances and also in terms of Root Mean Squared Error, Root Relative Squared Error, Mean Absolute Error, Relative Absolute Error. Bayesian Network outfitted Decision Tree in time taken to build the model but performed poorly at the classification. The time taken for naive bayes and decision tree classifiers are 0.12 and 0.32 seconds respectively.
Computational analysis to predict the effect of pre-bifurcation stenosis on the hemodynamics of the internal and external carotid arteries

This study assessed the hemodynamics of a patient-specific multiple stenosed common carotid artery including its bifurcation into internal and external carotid arteries; ICA and ECA, respectively. A three-dimensional computational model of the common carotid artery was reconstructed using a process of segmentation. Computational fluid dynamics was applied with the assumption that blood is Newtonian and incompressible under pulsatile conditions through the stenotic artery and subsequent bifurcation. Blood was modelled as ‘normal’ and ‘hyperglycaemic’. A region of large recirculation was found to form at bifurcation. The asymmetric velocity flow profile through the ICA was evident through the cardiac cycle with higher velocity at the inner walls of ICA. Hyperglycaemia was found to increase wall shear stresses on the carotid artery and reduce the blood velocity by as much as 4 times in ECA. In conclusion, hemodynamics in ICA and ECA are not equally affected by stenosis, with hyperglycaemic blood potentially providing additional complications to the clinical case.
A new Defense Mechanism Against Smishing Attacks Using Gray Wolf Optimizer

Recently, the phishing attack is one of the critical threats against Organizations, internet users, service providers, cloud computing, and many other fields in daily life. In the phishing attack, the intruder attempts to defraud the users and leak or steal the credential information, including personal information such as bank account, passwords, etc., by sending a fooled email or SMS to redirect the user to an untrusted website. Various methods have been proposed in terms of filtering and detect different types of phishing attacks; however, the researchers and security information experts are still studying to find a solution to assure the internet security from phishing and other attacks. Viewing SMS phishing messages are mostly short text and become a relatively low number associated with legitimate messages, new features for quick writing, and oversampling technique for imbalanced data utilized to SMS phishing detection. In this research, a novel framework of the SMS phishing detection presented. The proposed method combines feature extraction, oversampling, optimization algorithm for feature selection and classification. For the feature extraction and classification, the Support vector machine is implemented. In addition, the Adaptive Synthetic Sampling Approach method used to be an oversampling method. Then, the Binary Gray Wolf Optimizer Algorithm (BGWO) is applied to