Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Shariah Perspective Review on Islamic Microfinance

Islamic micro-finance is a growing industry in several Muslim countries such as Bangladesh, Nigeria, and Malaysia. Islamic micro-finance is at the heart of Islamic finance as it addresses one of the fundamental roles of financial intermediaries demanded by Shariah. Over the past few decades, many initiatives have taken place to alleviate poverty in Muslim countries. This paper provides the Islamic thoughts and motives behind these initiatives and then, it discusses the mechanisms proposed by Islam to improve the life of poor, prevent them to become poor, and also to improve the general economic relations among members of society. Later on, mudarabah, Musharakah, murabahah, Ijarah, and qard al-hasan are discussed as different types of Shariah compliant contracts that can be used as the base of micro financing business model.
Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Toddalia asiatica root by using HPLC-DAD and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.

INTRODUCTION Coumarin and alkaloids are the major bioactive constituents of Toddalia asiatica, playing an important role in various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-bacterial and anti-tumour. OBJECTIVE To establish a method that will simultaneously determine the coumarins and alkaloids compounds in T. asiatica and identify their characteristic fragmentation patterns, while combining fingerprints and chemical identification with chemometrics for discrimination and quality assessment of T. asiatica samples. METHODOLOGY Qualitative characterisation of coumarins and alkaloids compounds in the methanol extracts of T. asiatica was determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Quantitative analysis relies on high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). RESULTS A total of 59 components were characterised by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, including 29 coumarin, 25 alkaloids, one phenolic acid and four flavonoids. While the 19 characteristic components out of 23 common peaks in the chromatographic fingerprints of T. asiatica were confirmed. Quantitative analysis of seven major compounds from 18 samples were simultaneously detected by HPLC-DAD at wavelengths of 280 nm. The samples were classified into three groups by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) combined with principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) which screened out the main chemical markers responsible for the samples differences. CONCLUSION Fingerprints combined with chemometrics and chemical identification are a simple, rapid and effective method for the quality control of T. asiatica.
Physical limitations on G and B for antennas

In this paper, physical limitations on the partial gain G and relative bandwidth B are derived for antennas of arbitrary shape based on holomorphic properties of the forward scattering dyadic. The limitation on the performance of G and B is shown to be bounded from above by the long wavelength response of the antenna in terms of the electric and magnetic polarizability dyadics. The special case of ellipsoidal geometries are discussed. p e = E0/|E0| denotes the electric polarization. Based on the optical theorem and the long wavelength limit of �, a dispersion relation for the extinction cross section σext can be derived in terms of the electric and magnetic polarizability dyadics, γ e and γ m , respectively, viz., ∞ 0 σ
Valuing Diversity: Buddhist Reflections on Equity and Education

Presented as the Keynote Address at the 2013 Annual ASIANetwork Conference in Bloomingdale, Illinois, this essay uses three of Buddhism's central insights to forward a qualitatively robust conception of diversity and to substantially revise what we mean by equity. The first insight, is that all things arise and are sustained interdependently. Interdependence is not a contingent, external relation among essentially separate entities; it is internal or constitutive. As Fazang (643-712), one of the leading Chinese Buddhist philosophers of the 7th and 8th centuries put it: interdependence entails interpenetration. A second, core Buddhist insight is that our conflicts, troubles and suffering can only be sustainably addressed on the basis of things yathabhutam or “as they have come to be,” and not simply as they are at present. This insight calls into question the “time-space compression” (Harvey: 1990) that characterizes the postmodern lifeworld, the contemporary fixation on immediacy, and the erasure of temporal depth that results from the near equal proximity granted to all information by the light-speed connections of the internet. Finally, the world of human experience is irreducibly dramatic or meaning-laden. Stated in more explicit Buddhist terms, our histories and the experiences out of which they are woven are at root a function of karma. According to this teaching, if we pay sufficiently close and sustained attention, we will witness a meticulous and dynamic consonance between the complexion of our own values, intentions and actions and the patterns of outcome and opportunity we experience.
The Role of the Magnesium Valproate in Therapy for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): Meat-Analysis Results of Chinese Data

Background: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent and disabling illnessv, approximately 70% of patients do not remit after first-line antidepressant treatment, and about 20% develop to treatment-resistant depression(TRD). Treatment of TRD have been one of clinical problems. Adjunctive valprovate was a most sued ways for treatment of TRD. The magnesium valproate was common drug for both episode and bipolar disorder in China and also was used for TRD. To systematically evaluate the difference in efficacy of magnesium valproate and antidepressants for therapy of treatment-resistant depression(TRD) in China. Methods: Searches were applied to the following electronic databases in china: Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG and Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (VIP) databases. A total of 13 RCTs were included. A meta-analysis was performed of all the literatures germane to estimate the treatment-resistant depression patients treated with magnesium valproate combination with antidepressants and only antidepressants randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2010 to 2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and the meta-analysis was conducted with Revman4.2 software. Results: A total of 13 RCTs were included for meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis demonstrated by effective rate and depressive symptoms change between two groups of combination treatment with magnesium valproate and only antidepressant. The effective rate was higher in magnesium valproate combination with antidepressants group than that in antidepressants group(81/306, 35/298, Z=4.60, P=0.00001). The depressive scale was lower found in magnesium valproate combination with antidepressants group than that in antidepressants group after treatment (Z=16.20, P <0.00001). These results indicated that magnesium valproate combination with antidepressants maybe one better therapeutic way for TRD. Conclusion: The results indicate that magnesium valproate combination with antidepressants was better than antidepressants group in effective rate and improving depressive symptoms during treatment of patients with TRD. So these results may recommend to the patients with TRD though without the differences between groups.
Analysis and Validation of Power Conversion Efficiency in PV System.

The result of a conducted study on the amount of alternating current (AC) power from 6 parallel connected inverters supplied from 180 photovoltaic (PV) panels located in Electrical Power System Laboratory of Delft University of Technology (TU-Delft), the Netherlands, is presented. Data which included the powers and temperatures of both the inverters and the PV array were recorded over 60 minutes at 10 minutes intervals by a programmable logic controller (PLC) and personal computer (PC) which formed part of the system. The results show that between 7% and 19% of power generated in the PV array are short supplied to the AC bus through the inverters. The derate factors, a measure of losses and efficiencies, of the components of the PV system are believed to be responsible for the difference in PV power and the power supplied to the bus through the inverters.
Identification of Social Interactions through Partially Overlapping Peer Groups

In this paper, we demonstrate that, in a context where peer groups do not overlap fully, it is possible to identify all the relevant parameters of the standard linear-in-means model of social interactions. We apply this novel identification structure to study peer effects in the choice of college major. Results show that one is more likely to choose a major when many of her peers make the same choice. We also show that peers can divert students from majors in which they have a relative ability advantage, with adverse consequences on academic performance, entry wages, and job satisfaction. (JEL I23, J24, J31, Z13)
Social-Cognitive Processes of Behaviorally Withdrawn Children.

This study examines whether behaviorally withdrawn children differ from aggressive and prosocial children in their attributional styles, social goals, and self-efficacy perceptions. Fourth and fifth-grade students (11.'506) responded to a set of hypothetical situations involving ambiguous provocation. Specifically, they interpreted the protagonist's intent, rated their social goals for the situations, and judged their self-efficacy in accomplishing these goals. Peer evaluations of children's withdrawn, aggressive, and prosocial behavior were also obtained in order to classify children as withdrawn, aggressive, or prosocial. Results showed that behaviorally withdrawn children were strikingly similar to the prosocial children on the social-cognitive variables investigated, but differed significantly from the aggressive children. Compared with the aggressive children, the withdrawn children were less likely to attribute hostile intentions to the protagonist. In addition, withdrawn children rated problem-solving and relationship-oriented goals higher and reported that they would be relatively skilled at fulfilling these goals. Furthermore, withdrawn children gave lower ratings to the goals and self-efficacy perceptions concerning retaliation. The results suggest that despite their withdrawn behavioral style, children who are typically inhibited among their peers have a social-cognitive profile that is quite prosocial. The implications of these findings for interventions for behaviorally withdrawn children are discussed. (Contains 11 references and 8 figures). (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION MCI 01 Eclu Cabonal RaIrch end ImprovemtnI EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICI /his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating 0 C Minor changes 1.4 live Peen made 1
Range Extension Autonomous Driving for Electric Vehicles Based on Optimal Velocity Trajectory Considering Road Gradient Information

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have been considered as one of the solutions for environmental and energy problems. The mileage per charge of EVs, however, is shorter than that of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs). In this paper, Range Extension Autonomous Driving (READ) system is proposed by taking the road gradient information into account, and the proposed READ system optimizes velocity trajectory to minimize the energy consumption in the case of autonomous driving. The main contribution of this study is the modeling energy consumption by considering road gradient information and motor loss. Moreover, both simulations and experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of mileage per charge.
Novel Dual-FCL Connection with Neuro-fuzzy controller for Adding DG to a Power Distribution Utility

The increasing capacity of power systems, larger available fault currents may cause the existing circuit breakers to become under-rated. Excessive dynamic stress during severe faults may result in failure of circuit breakers to open. Larger fault currents may also adversely influence synchronization of the generators, shorten the life of electric machines, or even cause complete failure of equipment. Fault current limiters (FCLs) are able to prevent all of these disruptive events by limiting currents during faults and by increasing the robustness of generator synchronization. The DUAL FCL placement technique is demonstrated in a power network containing four buses in a ring arrangement. The system receives power from turbo-generators (36 MW). This dual-FCL connection reduces fault current contributions of the DG by 98.5% (from 41 to 1 kA), and maintains the circuit breakers within their duty limits when a three-phase fault occurs at a bus connected to the DG. Otherwise, when a three-phase fault occurs in the infinite system, this connection limits the fault current contribution of the DG from 4.8 to 0.4 kA, and frequency oscillations of the DG from 0.14 to 0.01 Hz. The power continuity in the local network is improved; as the voltage sag at the bus connected to the DG is reduced by 98% during and after serious short-circuit faults. In this in order to control effectively Neuro-Fuzzy controller is used. And the simulation is done using Matlab/Simulation and simulation results are examined in different cases.
The Motivation and Identity Challenges for PhD Holders in the Transition to Science and Mathematics Teaching in Secondary Education: A Pilot Study.

Australian secondary education has endured a chronic shortage of qualified mathematics and science teachers for a number of years, particularly in rural and remote areas. A longitudinal research project examining the capacity for the holders of PhD level qualifications in mathematics and science to be utilised as one means of addressing this shortage has been commenced at two regional Australian universities. This paper reports on the pilot study which utilised semi-structured interviews involving five participants at various stages of the transition into secondary school teaching. The interviews examined the motivations of the participants to enter secondary teaching and the challenges associated with the transition. The principle findings were that all but one of the participants had considered secondary teaching as a career option for an extended period that, for some, had predated their PhD study. Those participants who had engaged in postdoctoral study reported substantial professional identity challenges associated with the change in career. Financial security considerations figured strongly in the decisions to initiate the transition to secondary teaching. The opportunities for further research identified by the pilot study are discussed.
The utility of Deep-Water Agglutinated Foraminiferal acmes for correlating Eocene to Oligocene abyssal sediments in the North Atlantic and Western Tethys

Quantitative analysis of Deep-water Agglutinated Foraminifera (DWAF) assemblages from key ODP sites in the North Atlantic reveal the presence of stratigraphically-significant abundance maxima, that may be useful for correlating sedimentary sequences deposited beneath the CCD. The DWAF record from ODP Hole 647A in the Labrador Sea was re-studied and abundances were recalculated by excluding calcareous benthic foraminifera. This hole is a key locality, as it provides direct calibration of the DWAF biostratigraphy to the standard chronostratigraphy. Eight DWAF acmes are recognised in the Eocene to lower Oligocene at Site 647 and at other North Atlantic and Norwegian Sea sites. These are: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Glomospira Acme, a lower Eocene N. excelsa acme, an early/middle Eocene Glomospira Acme, a Karrerulina acme, a middle Eocene Reticulophragmium amplectens acme, a middle/late Eocene Spiroplecta- mmina acme, a latest Eocene-early Oligocene Ammodiscus latus acme, and an early Oligocene Spirosigmoilinella acme. Some of these acmes can be correlated with similar events occurring at onshore localities in the Western Tethys (northern Spain, Moroccan Rif, Italian Appenines, Western Carpathians). The occurrence of these DWAF acmes is caused by variations in the trophic continuum which is a consequence of the profound climatic and oceanographic changes that took place in the deep ocean during the Eocene and early Oligocene.
Advanced Visual and Instruction Systems for Maintenance Support (AVIS-MS)

Abstract : Complexity, customization, and packaging of military platforms and systems increase maintenance difficulty at the same time as the available pool of skilled technical personnel may be shrinking. In this environment maintenance training, technical order presentation, and flight-line operational practice may need to adopt "just-in-time" procedural aids. Moreover, the realities of real-world maintenance may not permit the hardware indulgences and rigid controls of laboratory settings for visualization and training systems, and at the same time the actual activities of maintainers will challenge requirements for portable or wearable devices. This project has investigated technologies that may be used by Air Force maintainers for training or job aids.
Evaluation of multimodal feedback effects on improving rowing competencies

This study focused on the selection and preliminary evaluation of different types of modal and information feedback in virtual environment to facilitate acquisition and transfer of a complex motor-cognitive skill of rowing. Specifically, we addressed the effectiveness of immediate information feedback provided visually as compared to sensory haptic feedback on the improvement in hands kinematics and changes in cognitive load during the course of learning the basic rowing technique. Several pilot experiments described in this report lead to the evaluation and optimization of the training protocol, to enhance facilitatory effects of adding visual and haptic feedback during training.
Socratic Programming: An Innovative Programming Learning Method

 Abstract—In second language acquisition (SLA) environment, learner is a community member and communicates with others, whereas, in a foreign language learning, the practicing dimension is weaker. When it comes to programming, there is no community using a programming language, thus a SLA environment cannot exist. For this reason the most adopted way is teaching programming like a foreign language with all its drawbacks. In this paper we compare between programming language and natural language, knowing that the programming introductory courses have basic concepts without complex algorithms, in other terms more expressive than computational. We propose a new method of teaching programming based upon dialogues between a facilitator and students. The facilitator will be part of a communication between each student and the computer to make an environment suitable for a SLA. A Socratic way of learning is achieved with a teacher having few students and can participate with his students in their dialogue and helps through their guidance to express their ideas. We list 4 common programming problems and we showed that using dialogue and raising questions, students were able to resolve these problems.
Managerial Incentives and Corporate Cash Holdings

We examine the impact of managerial incentive on firms’ cash holdings policy. We find that firms with more equity-based compensation have more cash reserves. We also find that managers with equity-based compensation strongly prefer internal investment through R&D and capital expenditures. Furthermore, we find that firms with both high cash and high equity-based compensation subsequently experience higher operating performance. The results suggest that higher cash reserves in firms with higher equitybased compensation are the result of a decision by managers to provide flexibility to fund profitable projects, rather than wasting it, which improves firm value through increasing future profitability.
Marine mammal monitoring and habitat investigations during CalCOFI surveys

To understand cetacean ecology and habitat, a new component has been added to the CalCOFI ecosystem studies that have been conducted offshore of southern California over the last half century. In 2004, we initiated visual and acoustic line-transect surveys during CalCOFI cruises and long-term acoustic monitoring at selected CalCOFI stations. Visual monitoring provides excellent data for highly visible species in calm to moderate weather. The most commonly sighted species on visual surveys conducted between July 2004 and November 2005 were blue, fin, humpback, and sperm whales, and Pacific white-sided, short-beaked common, and long-beaked common dolphins. Blue, fin, and sperm whales were sighted more frequently in summer to fall months, while northern right whale dolphins and Dall’s porpoises were sighted more frequently in winter and spring. Spatial patterns of occurrence are evident for all species within the study area. Acoustic technicians survey with a towed hydrophone array during the transit between CalCOFI stations and sonobuoys while on station, allowing collection of distribution data on vocal animals that may have been missed visually due to darkness, rough weather, distance from transect line, being underwater, or other reasons. Additionally, long-term acoustic monitoring is conducted at six CalCOFI stations using bottom-mounted, Highfrequency Acoustic Recording Packages (HARPs). These data will provide information on the annual and seasonal presence of cetaceans, and may be used to evaluate daily patterns of vocalization behavior. Acoustic detections of blue and sperm whales during line-transect surveys suggest that their seasonal presence is longer than was found by visual surveys alone. By integrating CalCOFI environmental and cetacean data, we plan to develop ecological models for cetacean habitat in the region offshore of southern California and to improve our understanding of their role in the California Current ecosystem.
First records of Elachistinae from New Caledonia: evidence of repeated dispersal events with Australia (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Elachistidae)

The first records of Elachistinae (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae) are reported from New Caledonia. Eight species are recognized. Elachista cynopa Meyrick is reported outside Australia for the first time. All other species are described as new: Elachista concubia sp. nov., E. achlyodes sp. nov., E. scoteina sp. nov., E. cardiaca sp. nov., E. dilobates sp. nov., E. vespertina sp. nov. and E. fugax sp. nov. All the new species have sister-species level relatives in Australia. E. fugax is attributed to Elachista sg. Elachista. All other species are placed in Elachista sg. Atachia . Following Kaila’s (2011) system E. achlyodes and E. concubia belong to the E. catarata section of the E. gerasmia group; E. cardiaca , E. dilobates , E. scoteina and E. vespertina belong to the E. gerasmia section of E. gerasmia group. Further, E. cardiaca is a member of the E. paragauda species complex, E. scoteina a member of the E. gerasmia species complex, and E. dilobates , E. vespertina of the E. cynopa species complex; E. dilobates is morphologically close to E. toryna Kaila. This pattern suggests at least six separate dispersal events between Australia and New Caledonia.