Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Nuts and Bolts of Transcriptionally Silent Chromatin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs at several genomic sites including the silent mating-type loci, telomeres, and the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) tandem array. Epigenetic silencing at each of these domains is characterized by the absence of nearly all histone modifications, including most prominently the lack of histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation. In all cases, silencing requires Sir2, a highly-conserved NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase. At locations other than the rDNA, silencing also requires additional Sir proteins, Sir1, Sir3, and Sir4 that together form a repressive heterochromatin-like structure termed silent chromatin. The mechanisms of silent chromatin establishment, maintenance, and inheritance have been investigated extensively over the last 25 years, and these studies have revealed numerous paradigms for transcriptional repression, chromatin organization, and epigenetic gene regulation. Studies of Sir2-dependent silencing at the rDNA have also contributed to understanding the mechanisms for maintaining the stability of repetitive DNA and regulating replicative cell aging. The goal of this comprehensive review is to distill a wide array of biochemical, molecular genetic, cell biological, and genomics studies down to the “nuts and bolts” of silent chromatin and the processes that yield transcriptional silencing.
Prevalence of migraine headache in the United States. Relation to age, income, race, and other sociodemographic factors.

OBJECTIVE To describe the magnitude and distribution of the public health problem posed by migraine in the United States by examining migraine prevalence, attack frequency, and attack-related disability by gender, age, race, household income, geographic region, and urban vs rural residence. DESIGN In 1989, a self-administered questionnaire was sent to a sample of 15,000 households. A designated member of each household initially responded to the questionnaire. Each household member with severe headache was asked to respond to detailed questions about symptoms, frequency, and severity of headaches. SETTING A sample of households selected from a panel to be representative of the US population in terms of age, gender, household size, and geographic area. PARTICIPANTS After a single mailing, 20,468 subjects (63.4% response rate) between 12 and 80 years of age responded to the survey. Respondents and non-respondents did not differ by gender, household income, region of the country, or urban vs rural status. Whites and the elderly were more likely to respond. Migraine headache cases were identified on the basis of reported symptoms using established diagnostic criteria. RESULTS 17.6% of females and 5.7% of males were found to have one or more migraine headaches per year. The prevalence of migraine varied considerably by age and was highest in both men and women between the ages of 35 to 45 years. Migraine prevalence was strongly associated with household income; prevalence in the lowest income group (less than $10,000) was more than 60% higher than in the two highest income groups (greater than or equal to $30,000). The proportion of migraine sufferers who experienced moderate to severe disability was not related to gender, age, income, urban vs rural residence, or region of the country. In contrast, the frequency of headaches was lower in higher-income groups. Attack frequency was inversely related to disability. CONCLUSIONS A projection to the US population suggests that 8.7 million females and 2.6 million males suffer from migraine headache with moderate to severe disability. Of these, 3.4 million females and 1.1 million males experience one or more attacks per month. Females between ages 30 to 49 years from lower-income households are at especially high risk of having migraines and are more likely than other groups to use emergency care services for their acute condition.
SINGULAR INTEGRAL OPERATORS ASSOCIATED TO CURVES WITH RATIONAL COMPONENTS

We prove L P (R n ),1 0 where Rj(t) = P j (t)/Q j (t),j = 1,2,. n, are rational functions. Our bounds depend only on the degrees of the polynomials Pj, Qj and, in particular, they do not depend on the coefficients of these polynomials.
Melioidosis: An updated review

BACKGROUND Endemic to soils of Northern Australia, Burkholderia pseudomallei is the Gram-negative pathogen responsible for melioidosis, which causes a clinical spectrum ranging from pneumonia and/or cutaneous infection to disseminated disease with fulminant septicaemia. Incident cases peak after monsoonal rains, particularly in individuals with immune dysfunction. Early diagnosis of melioidosis is challenging for clinicians, given its ability to mimic many other diseases and high clinical (associated mortality) impact. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to provide general practitioners with an overview of melioidosis, covering epidemiology, risk factors for infection, clinical disease spectrum, diagnostic techniques and an approach to management, including public health aspects. DISCUSSION Primary care physicians play a key role in early disease recognition, initial patient stabilisation, request of appropriate clinical samples (particularly blood cultures) and prompt commencement of efficacious antibiotics. Patient education is paramount during high-risk periods, chiefly for patients with diabetes and/or those who engage in hazardous alcohol use, living in endemic areas of Australia.
Hemagglutination tests and related advances in serodiagnosis of syphilis.

Preliminary studies indicate that hemagglutination tests for Treponema pallidum antibodies compare favorably with the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test for serodiagnosis of syphilis. Hemagglutination tests appear to be as sensitive as the FTA-ABS test in all phases of syphilis except primary syphilis and they are probably more sensitive in treated syphilis. These tests possess a high degree of specificity but as with the FTA-ABS test, they give falsepositive results in a small percentage of cases. Hemagglutination tests are much easier to perform and are more economical than other available treponemal tests. Several laboratories are now considering use of hemagglutination tests for routine confirmation and screening of syphilis.
Completeness in approximation classes beyong APX (septembre 2005)

We present a reduction that allows us to establish completeness results for several ap- proximation classes mainly beyond APX. Using it, we extend one of the basic results of S. Khanna, R. Motwani, M. Sudan, and U. Vazirani (On syntactic versus computational views of approximability, SIAM J. Comput., 28:164-191, 1998) by proving the existence of complete problems for the whole Log-APX, the class of problems approximable within ra- tios that are logarithms of the size of the instance. We also introduce a new approximability class, called Poly-APX(Δ), dealing with graph-problems approximable with ratios func- tions of the maximum degree Δ of the input graph. For this class also, using the reduction propose, we establish complete problems.
RNA CUG Repeats Sequester CUGBP1 and Alter Protein Levels and Activity of CUGBP1*

An RNA CUG triplet repeat binding protein, CUGBP1, regulates splicing and translation of various RNAs. Expansion of RNA CUG repeats in the 3′-untranslated repeat of the mutant myotonin protein kinase (DMPK) mRNA in myotonic dystrophy (DM) is associated with alterations in binding activity of CUGBP1. To investigate whether CUGBP1 is directly affected by expansion of CUG repeats in DM tissues, we examined the intracellular status of CUGBP1 in DM patients as well as in cultured cells over expressing RNA CUG repeats. The analysis of RNA·protein complexes showed that, in control tissues, the majority of CUGBP1 is free of RNA, whereas in DM patients the majority of CUGBP1 is associated with RNA containing CUG repeats. Similarly to DM patients, overexpression of RNA CUG repeats in cultured cells results in the re-allocation of CUGBP1 from a free state to the RNA·protein complexes containing CUG repeats. CUG repeat-dependent translocation of CUGBP1 into RNA·protein complexes is associated with increased levels of CUGBP1 protein and its binding activity. Experiments with cyclohexamide-dependent block of protein synthesis showed that the half-life of CUGBP1 is increased in cells expressing CUG repeats. Alteration of CUGBP1 in DM is accompanied by alteration in translation of a transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), which has been previously described to be a target of CUGBP1. Analysis of C/EBPβ isoforms in DM patients with altered levels of CUGBP1 showed that translation of a dominant negative isoform, LIP, is induced by CUGBP1. Results of this paper demonstrate that the expansion of CUG repeats in DM affects RNA-binding proteins and leads to alteration in RNA processing.
Maximizing Coverage Quality with Budget Constrained in Mobile Crowd-Sensing Network for Environmental Monitoring Applications

The Mobile Crowd-sensing Network is a novel cyber–physical–social network which has received great attention recently and can be used as a powerful tool to monitor the phenomenon of the field of interest. Due to the limited budget, how to choose appropriate participants to maximize the coverage quality is one of the most important issues when the mobile crowd-sensing network applies to practical application, such as air quality monitoring. In this paper, given the number of available participants, the traverse path and the reward of each participant, we investigate the problem of how to choose suitable participants to monitor an environment of a critical region by a crowd-sensing network, while the total rewards for all selected participants is not larger than the limited budget. In our solution, we first divide a big critical region such as a city into smaller regions of different size, and select some sampling points in the smaller region; the collected data of those sampling points represents the collected data of the whole smaller region. Then, we design a greedy algorithm to select participants to cover the maximum sampling points while the total rewards of selected participants does not exceed the limited budget. Finally, we evaluate the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm by conducting extensive simulations. The simulation results show that the greedy algorithm outperforms an existing scheme.
Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment and Erotic Target Identity Inversions Among Men with Paraphilic Infantilism

Abstract Adults with paraphilic infantilism may desire to wear diapers or engage in infant-like role play. Erotic target identity inversions (ETII) and childhood maltreatment have been hypothesized to cause regressive interests. To evaluate these two etiological hypotheses, we surveyed the online adult baby/diaper lover community. Data from 1904 cis-gender men revealed a prevalence of pedophilic interests comparable with the general male population, arguing against ETIIs as common in paraphilic infantilism. In contrast, self-reported childhood neglect and abuse were highly prevalent, suggesting that infantilism might be correlated with childhood maltreatment. Additionally, some participants described repetition and/or sexualization of negative childhood experiences.
Relationship of light to moderate alcohol consumption and risk of hypertension in Japanese male office workers.

BACKGROUND A close relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension has been established, but the effect of light to moderate alcohol consumption on blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. METHODS A total of 5275 Japanese male office workers aged 23 to 59 years partook in a survey. Subjects were classified as nondrinkers or current drinkers who averaged less than 12, 12 to 22, 23 to 45, or > or =46 g/day of ethanol. BPs were measured at annual health examinations from May 1996 through May 2000. A total of 3784 hypertension-free (systolic BP <140 mm Hg, diastolic BP <90 mm Hg, no medication for hypertension, and no history of hypertension) men were observed for 4 years. Men in whom hypertension (systolic BP > or =140 mm Hg, diastolic BP > or =90 mm Hg, or both or receipt of antihypertensive medication) was found during repeated surveys were defined as incident cases of hypertension. RESULTS After controlling for potential predictors of hypertension, systolic and diastolic BP levels and the incidence of hypertension were lowest in nondrinkers in all three age ranges (23-35, 36-47, and 45-59 years) and increased in a dose-dependent manner as alcohol consumption increased. For individuals aged 23 to 35 years, systolic and diastolic BP levels and the incidence of hypertension were significantly higher among those who drank an average of > or =23 g/day of ethanol than among nondrinkers. For those aged 36 to 59, the diastolic BP level was significantly higher among those who drank any alcohol at all than among nondrinkers, and the systolic BP level and the incidence of hypertension were significantly higher among those who drank an average of > or =12 g/day of ethanol than among nondrinkers. CONCLUSIONS Light to moderate alcohol consumption seems to have an important influence on BP in both young and middle-aged Japanese men.
A Randomized Study of Passive versus Active PrEP Patient Navigation for a Heterogeneous Population at Risk for HIV in South Florida

Effective approaches to promoting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and linkage to PrEP care among those who may benefit the most from PrEP has proven to be a major challenge. We designed and pilot tested a strengths-based case management (SBCM) intervention for PrEP linkage. Adults interested in PrEP and meeting criteria (n = 61) were randomized to passive referral (control) or active SBCM (treatment). Outcomes measured were completion of provider visit, initiation of PrEP, and time to initiation of PrEP. Overall, 34% initiated PrEP by 12 weeks: 9 (29%) in the control group and 12 (40%) in the treatment group. The mean time to PrEP initiation was 13.1 weeks (95% confidence interval, 12.0-14.2) with no difference between groups (P = .382). There was a 21% difference in achieving a provider visit between the treatment and control groups (53.3% versus 32.3%) by 12 weeks (P = .096). Participants encountered financial, logistical, social, and provider-related barriers to PrEP access. Strengths-based case management–based patient navigation is a promising strategy for assisting PrEP seekers in obtaining a medical provider visit and initiating PrEP.
Single intranasal immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus-based vaccine induces sustained and protective immunity against MERS-CoV infection

ABSTRACT The recently identified Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe and fatal acute respiratory illness in humans. However, no approved prophylactic and therapeutic interventions are currently available. The MERS-CoV envelope spike protein serves as a crucial target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development, as it plays a critical role in mediating viral entry through interactions with the cellular receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). Here, we constructed a recombinant rare serotype of the chimpanzee adenovirus 68 (AdC68) that expresses full-length MERS-CoV S protein (AdC68-S). Single intranasal immunization with AdC68-S induced robust and sustained neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in BALB/c mice. In a human DPP4 knock-in (hDPP4-KI) mouse model, it completely protected against lethal challenge with a mouse-adapted MERS-CoV (MERS-CoV-MA). Passive transfer of immune sera to naïve hDPP4-KI mice also provided survival advantages from lethal MERS-CoV-MA challenge. Analysis of sera absorption and isolated monoclonal antibodies from immunized mice demonstrated that the potent and broad neutralizing activity was largely attributed to antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein. These results show that AdC68-S can induce protective immune responses in mice and represent a promising candidate for further development against MERS-CoV infection in both dromedaries and humans.
A Qualitative Natural History Study of ME/CFS in the Community

In previous qualitative research on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), researchers have focused on the experiences of patients with ME/CFS in tertiary care samples. This qualitative study examined the natural history of people with ME/CFS (n = 19) from a community-based sample. Findings highlighted multilayered themes involving the illness experience and the physical construction of ME/CFS. In addition, this study further illuminated unique subthemes regarding community response and treatment, which have implications for understanding the progression of ME/CFS as well as experiences of those within patient networks. There is a need for more longitudinal qualitative research on epidemiological samples of patients with ME/CFS.
A research about viable Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus numbers in the market yoghurts.

The industrial production of yoghurt is increasingly developed in the world. Yoghurt is a fermented milk product obtained from fermentation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus strains. In Turkey, yoghurt is produced by the two ways; one of them is a traditional method without using starter culture in small dairy plants and the second production method by using industrial starter culture in modern plants. In this study yoghurt samples were collected from the local markets which were produced traditional process and produced in modern plants by addition of starter cultures, their viable L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria numbers, coliform, Escherichia coli, yeast and mould counts, pH values were determined and compared each others. Yoghurts have pH values between 3.95-4.23, viable S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus numbers were determined between 10 -10 cfu/g for yoghurts producing with starter culture, 10 -10 78 56 cfu/g and 10 -10 cfu/g for yoghurts producing with traditional methods, respectively. Coliforms, E. coli, yeast 67 and mould counts have at low numbers for all yoghurt samples. As the result, yoghurts which are produced by starter cultures have high numbers of yoghurt bacteria means that yoghurts produced by using starter cultures have higher therapeutic and/or antimicrobial properties beside of their organoleptic characteristics. Importance of yoghurt production by using starter cultures should be known and advantages of using starter cultures in fermentation products should be stated.
The tornadogenesis optimization algorithm

The Tornadogenesis Optimization Algorithm (TOA), a new air mass population based meta-heuristic optimization (MHO) algorithm is devised in this paper. Implementation of TOA has taken its root from the formation of tornadoes, particularly at Oklahoma State of United States. The inspiration and the mathematical formulation along with a flowchart, the proposed algorithm was explained in this paper. The comparable and evidential investigations have been conducted on 23 standard mathematical benchmark functions. To test the numerical efficiency and clustering quality of TOA, clustering experiments also have been conducted on 10 real data clustering problems. The obtained results are compared with the other state-of-the-art algorithms, recently developed optimization technique WOA and its variants IWOA and NPMOA. Simulation results with the statistical significance confirm that the TOA outperform in complex function optimization problems.
Compressive Channel Estimation in FDD Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems with Arbitrary Arrays

Efficient downlink channel state information acquisition at the base station is crucial to achieve the potential gains of FDD massive MIMO systems. Conventional approaches for channel estimation require a training and feedback overhead which scales with the number of base station antennas, which make them unsuitable for large scale FDD MIMO systems. Alternative strategies exploiting the sparsity in the massive MIMO channel rely on additional assumptions on a shared common support between downlink channels, a specific array geometry at the base station (BS) and user equipments (UE), or a given modulation scheme. In this paper we propose a general approach for downlink channel estimation in FDD massive MIMO systems which leverages the individual sparsity in the different downlink channels without any other additional assumption. The designed precoding strategy allows channel estimation at the UE without knowledge of the BS array geometry. Simulation results show the accuracy of the estimations and the significant overhead reduction over conventional approaches.
Dietary quality, as measured by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), in couples planning their first pregnancy

Abstract Objective: Dietary quality (DQ), as assessed by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), and conception and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Design: In this prospective cohort study on couples planning their first pregnancy. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the relationship between AHEI-P score and clinical pregnancy, live birth and pregnancy loss. Setting: Participants were recruited from the Northeast region of the USA. Participants: Healthy, nulliparous couples (females, n 132; males, n 131; one male did not enrol). Results: There were eighty clinical pregnancies, of which sixty-nine resulted in live births and eleven were pregnancy losses. Mean (sd) female AHEI-P was 71·0 (13·7). Of those who achieved pregnancy, those in the highest tertile of AHEI-P had the greatest proportion of clinical pregnancies; however, this association was not statistically significant (P = 0·41). When the time it took to conceive was considered, females with the highest AHEI-P scores were 20 % and 14 % more likely to achieve clinical pregnancy (model 1: hazard ratio (HR) = 1·20; 95 % CI 0·66, 2·17) and live birth (model 1: HR = 1·14; 95 % CI 0·59, 2·20), respectively. Likelihood of achieving clinical pregnancy and live birth increased when the fully adjusted model, including male AHEI-P score, was examined (clinical pregnancy model 4: HR = 1·55; 95 % CI 0·71, 3·39; live birth model 4: HR = 1·36; 95 % CI 0·59, 3·13). Conclusions: The present study is the first to examine AHEI-P score and achievement of clinical pregnancy. DQ was not significantly related to pregnancy outcomes, even after adjustments for covariates.
The establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns in mouse somatic cells.

Somatic cell DNA methylation patterns in mammals are established during embryonic development and are then maintained somewhat faithfully for the remainder of the individual's lifetime. Pattern formation can be divided into a series of linked steps that include demethylation, de novo methylation, methylation spreading, methylation blocking, and maintenance methylation. In this review, these steps will be combined to present a model for the formation and maintenance of a methylation pattern in the 5' region of the mouse Aprt gene. This model suggests that an apparently 'stable' methylation pattern results from a dynamic equilibrium between forces that promote and inhibit methylation spreading.
50-MW, 12-ps Nd:YVO4 slab amplifier for OPCPA pumping

The paper presents a four-pass Nd:YVO4 InnoSlab amplifier with a record high peak power of 50 MW and 12 ps pulse duration. It exhibits excellent noise performance with pulse fluctuation below 0.8% rms.Most of them are limited to repetition rates below 10 kHz. The InnoSlab concept is adopted for amplifying energetic picosecond pulses at 50-100 kHz repetition rate from a Duetto laser from Time-Bandwidth Products Inc. This concept has been proven for the amplification of low peak-power lasers without deteriorating beam quality and noise performance