Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Brown Hare Syndrome in Free-ranging European Brown and Mountain Hares from Switzerland

From 1997 to 2000, complete necropsy and histopathologic investigations were performed on 157 free-ranging European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) found dead throughout Switzerland. Organ samples of all these individuals (157 livers and 107 spleens available) were tested for European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV)-antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kit. Furthermore, 60 additional blood samples were tested for antibodies against EBHSV by ELISA. In addition, liver samples of 87 free-ranging mountain hares (Lepus timidus) hunted in 1996 were tested for EBHSV-antigen. In two European brown hares from southern Switzerland lesions suggestive of changes induced by EBHSV were present, and high titers of EBHSV-antigen were detected in both liver and spleen samples of these animals. Based on negative staining electron microscopy investigations of liver and spleen homogenates, we observed calicivirus in one antigen-positive hare. Low EBHSV-antigen titers were found in three additional European brown hares from central and western Switzerland, but EBHS-lesions were absent. Antibodies against EBHSV were not detected in any of the sera of European brown hares, and EBHSV-antigen was not found in the samples of mountain hares. This is the first report of EBHS in European brown hares from Switzerland.
Extended invariance principle for nonautonomous switched systems

Stability analysis is developed for nonlinear nonautonomous switched systems, trajectories of which admit, generally speaking, a nonunique continuation on the right. For these systems Krasovskii-LaSalle's invariance principle is extended in such a manner to remain true even in the nonautonomous case. In addition to a nonsmooth Lyapunov function with negative-semidefinite time derivatives along the system trajectories, the extended invariance principle involves a coupled indefinite function to guarantee asymptotic stability of the system in question. As an illustration of the capabilities of this principle, a switched regulator of a fully-actuated manipulator with frictional joints is constructed.
Sistemas de activación e inhibición conductual en los trastornos depresivos atendidos en la atención primaria en salud

Estudio 1 En los ultimos anos se ha sugerido que la evaluacion telefonica de la salud mental es igual de valida que la realizada cara a cara. Sin embargo, pocos instrumentos se encuentran validados especificamente para este proposito. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la validez del procedimiento de la administracion telefonica de dos instrumentos que fueron empleados en el Estudio 2: la escala para valorar sintomatologia depresiva Patient Health Questionnaire 9-items depression module (PHQ-9) y el cuestionario de personalidad Sensibilidad al Castigo/ Sensibilidad a la Recompensa (SCSR) como medida de la actividad de los sistemas de activacion e inhibicion conductual. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer que la administracion telefonica de la escala PHQ-9 y del cuestionario SCSR es fiable y genera resultados muy similares a los obtenidos en formato auto-administrado. Estudio 2 Una serie de estudios recientes sugieren que las personas con depresion presentan hipoactividad del sistema de activacion conductual (SAC) y/o hiperactividad del sistema de inhibicion conductual (SIC). Estas alteraciones han sido relacionadas con el curso y el pronostico de la depresion. El objetivo de este estudio longitudinal, con seguimiento durante 6 meses, fue evaluar las diferencias individuales respecto de la actividad del SAC y SIC en un grupo de personas con trastornos depresivos que recibia tratamiento farmacologico antidepresivo en la atencion primaria y compararlas con las de un grupo de personas sin historia de trastornos del animo (control). Los resultados sugieren que las personas con depresion mayor presentan, de manera estable e independiente del estatus clinico, hipoactividad del SAC al compararlas con personas con depresion menor, personas con trastorno depresivo no especificado y personas sin historia de trastornos del animo. Ademas, estos ultimos tres grupos no presentaron diferencias ente si respecto de la actividad del SAC. La hipoactividad del SAC tambien estaria relacionada con el cumplimiento terapeutico y tanto la actividad del SAC como la del SIC no seria diferente entre las personas que toman o no un inhibidor selectivo de la recaptacion de serotonina.
Independent diagnoses of adoptees and relatives as defined by DSM-III in the provincial and national samples of the Danish Adoption Study of Schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND This report describes the independent application of DSM-III criteria to the adoptees and relatives in the Provincial sample of the Danish Adoption Study of Schizophrenia of Kety and colleagues. We report these results and combine them with those reported previously for the Copenhagen sample to form the National sample. METHODS Personal interviews and institutional record summaries of adoptees and biological and adoptive relatives were "blindly" diagnosed using DSM-III criteria. "Schizophrenia spectrum" was a priori defined as schizophrenia; schizoaffective disorder, mainly schizophrenic subtype; and schizotypal and paranoid personality disorders. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In the Provincial sample, the prevalence of "spectrum" disorders was significantly greater in biological relatives of schizophrenia spectrum vs control adoptees. The results were also consistent with the genetic transmission of individual diagnoses within the spectrum. When combined into the National sample, the results provided strong evidence for (1) the genetic transmission of DSM-III schizophrenia; (2) a genetic relationship between DSM-III schizophrenia, mainly schizophrenic schizoaffective disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder; and (3) the absence of a significant genetic relationship between the schizophrenia spectrum and either psychotic nonspectrum disorders, major depression, or anxiety disorders. We found no evidence for the familial environment transmission of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. These results are consistent with the findings reported by Kety and coworkers from their diagnostic review.
Endoscopic Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks to the Sinonasal Tract: Predictors of Success

INTRODUCTION: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks may arise as a complication of endoscopic sinus surgery, trauma, or hydrocephalus, or they may occur spontaneously without any identifiable cause. Despite general agreement that CSF leaks should not be left untreated, their initial management, the surgical indications, and the technique of repair are controversial. OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to ascertain whether a particular surgical technique or material was more successful for repair. Additionally, we tried to identify which specific characteristics of the patient, the CSF fistula, or the adjunctive treatment influenced the result of the repair. STUDY DESIGN: We completed a retrospective review of all patients undergoing endoscopic repair of a CSF leak at our academic hospitals. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients with 53 CSF fistulas were included in the study. Fifty sites were successfully repaired endoscopically on the first attempt. Three persistent leaks were repaired successfully on the second attempt. Location and size of the leak, cause, technique, and choice of material used for the repair did not significantly affect surgical outcome. However, the presence of hydrocephalus had a statistically significant negative influence on surgical outcome. All patients with increased intraventricular pressure required a ventricular shunt in addition to a second endoscopic repair. CONCLUSION: If the surgical technique is sound, endoscopic repair of CSF leaks is highly successful, independent of the choice of the material and technique used in the repair.
Canadian Families in Cultural Context: Hypotheses from the Mid‑Nineteenth Century

Cet article s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'histoire de la famille au Canada et remet en question certains stereotypes concernant les familles canadiennes francophones et anglophones. Il s'attache tout particulierement aux cantons d'Alfred et de Caledonia situes dans le comte de Prescott ou les deux groupes sont bien representes. Les hypotheses qui y sont emises resultent d'une etude systematique des recensements de 1851, 1861 et 1871 et d'une lecture attentive des sources qualitatives disponibles. Elles concernent la dimension culturelle de l'histoire de la famille et touchent a trois elements specifiques : fonction de la famille et organisation domestique, structure familiale et composition du menage, perspectives familiales en termes de terre et d'evaluation du sol. Il appert donc, a l'examen des sources, qu'on retrouve chez les familles anglophones et francophones beaucoup plus de similitudes que de differences ; de fait, elles sont tres semblables en tout ce qui concerne les deux premiers elements et ce n'est qu'en regard de la terre qu'elles different sensiblement, les anglophones preferant les terres hautes et seches et les francophones les terres basses et humides. Bien que ces constatations se rapportent aux seuls cantons d'Alfred et de Caledonia, on tient ici constamment compte du plus vaste environnement que constitute la vallee de l'Outaouais.
Cardiovascular risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

expiratory flow and slow forced emptying of the lungs because of varying combinations of the airway disease and emphysema. Therefore, pulmonary parameters such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or partial pressure of arterial oxygen have been considered to estimate severity and prognosis of disease and current therapy targets exclusively the lung’s function or its exacerbation.4 However, it is increasingly recognized that COPD is associated with significant extrapulmonary disorders, the so-called “systemic effects of COPD”, and that patients with COPD have further impaired functional capacity and health-related quality of life.5 Because the extrapulmonary disorders increase the risks of hospitalization, mortality and healthcare cost for patients with COPD, these “systemic effects” are hronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a growing global epidemic and the associated mortality rate is rising. COPD is projected to jump from the 6th leading cause death in 1990 to the 3rd worldwide by the year 2020.1 The Nippon COPD Epidemiology study reported that the prevalence of people with a reduced expiratory flow was 10.9% in Japanese people aged 40 years or older.2 A metaanalysis also revealed that the global prevalence of COPD in adults aged 40 years or older is 9–10%. 3
Lipegfilgrastim for the prophylaxis and treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia

Chemotherapy is frequently associated with hematologic toxicity. Neutropenia with or without fever is a relevant cause of morbidity, mortality and costs, compromising treatment administration and clinical outcomes. The development of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors has had a positive impact on the clinician’s approach to neutropenia. Such agents, currently used for primary and secondary prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN), are effective in limiting hematologic toxicities and consequently allow the administration of intensive dose-dense regimens. Several biosimilar products of filgrastim have been developed over the years, showing effects similar to the originator drug. Until now, pegfilgrastim has been the only available long-acting factor, requiring just a single administration per chemotherapy cycle. The recent approval of the novel granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, lipegfilgrastim, offers interesting therapeutic alternatives. In fact, similar to pegfilgrastim, it has been demonstrated to reduce the duration of neutropenia and the occurrence of FN during chemotherapy safely.
Biochemical fingerprints of Legionella spp. by the BIOLOG system: presumptive identification of clinical and environmental isolates

Six Legionella strains were characterized with the BIOLOGTM identification system. A specific metabolic pattern for the six Legionella strains was observed after 24 h. Several positive reactions were detected intermittently in all six strains tested. The possible application of the BIOLOG system for identification of Legionella spp. from environmental or clinical samples is discussed.
LTCC balanced filter based on a transformer type balun for WLAN 802.11 a application

This paper reports on the design of a balanced filter based on a new transformer type balun. The disadvantages and performance drawbacks of simple second order transformer are discussed and new third order balun structure is proposed. The new structure is realized as broadside coupled lines vertically stacked using multilayer low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. The resulting structure exhibits excellent electrical performance, immunity to manufacturing tolerances and compactness, which allows using this balanced filter as a building block of highly integrated WLAN front-end modules.
Imazalil: 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(prop-2-enyloxy)ethyl]-1H-imidazole

In the title compound, C14H14Cl2N2O, the imidazole ring is almost parallel to the benzene ring, the dihedral angle between them being 7.3 (2)°. In the crystal, there is an intermolecular C—Cl⋯π interaction (Cl⋯centroid = 3.36 Å and C—Cl⋯centroid = 89.2°). In addition, a Cl⋯Cl contact of 3.411 (1) Å and an intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bond are observed. These interactions contribute to the stabilization of the crystal packing.
The Avoidability of Soccer Injuries

One hundred eighty players in a male soccer division were followed prospectively for 1 year to assess etiologic factors in soccer injuries. Range of motion and muscle strength in the lower extremities were measured in a preseason test. All injuries during 1 year were examined by the same orthopaedic surgeon. 42% of the injuries were considered to be due to player factors, such as joint instability, muscle tightness, inadequate rehabilitation, or lack of training. Ankle sprains were commoner in players with previous ankle sprains or clinical instability. 35% of the moderate (absence from practice greater than 1 week, less than 1 month) or major (absence greater than 1 month) injuries were preceded by minor (absence less than 1 week) injuries, reflecting inadequate rehabilitation. Players sustaining knee sprains not due to collision had reduced muscle strength in the injured leg. No other strength differences between injured and uninjured players were found. 63% of players had tight muscles. Strains more commonly affected players with muscle tightness. 71% of the injuries proved to be explicable by and associated with player factors, equipment, playing ground, or rules.
Outcomes of pregnancy in patients with known Budd-Chiari syndrome

AIM To analyse the risk of pregnancy (a prothrombotic state) in patients with Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS). METHODS Retrospective study of pregnancy in women with known BCS at single center from January 2001 to December 2015. RESULTS Out of 53 females with BCS, 7 women had 16 pregnancies. Median age at diagnosis of BCS in these women was 25 years (range 21-34 years). At least one causal factor for BCS was identified in 6 women (86%). Six women had undergone radiological decompressive treatment. All patients had anticoagulation. Six fetuses were lost before 20 wk gestation in 2 women. There were 9 deliveries over 32 wk gestation and one delivery at 27 wk. All infants did well. Seven babies were born by emergency caesarean section. There were no cases of thrombosis. Two patients had notable vaginal (PV) bleeding in 3 pregnancies. None of the patients had variceal haemorrhage. Two patients were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, one during pregnancy and the other in the post-partum period. There was no maternal mortality. CONCLUSION Maternal outcomes in patients with treated BCS are favourable and fetal outcomes beyond 20 wk gestation are good. There has been increased rate of caesarean section. Pulmonary hypertension is an important finding that needs further validation. These patients should be managed in centers experienced in treating high-risk pregnancies.
The Mechanical Impedance of the Human Body in Sitting and Standing Position at Low Frequencies

The theory of the mechanical impedance of systems with one or more degrees of freedom is applied to the human body. A method of measuring mechanical impedance and determining the parameters of the vibrating systems is developed. Impedance curves for longitudinal vibrations of a sitting and standing subject are established for the frequency range of 1 to 20 c/s. The influence of varied posture and restraining systems is investigated. Dynamic movements of body parts are measured, directly or indirectly, and compared with the impedance curves. The responsible elements in the body for the apparent resonances are identified. Correlations between the impedance function of the body and the subjective tolerance curve to vibration are found and the reasons for the tolerance limits are elucidated. The variability of subjective tolerances due to varying posture, restraining systems, cushions, duration of exposure and vibrations are discussed, and conclusions for the development of protective devices are drawn. The correlation between the steady state response of the human body system and the effects of impact is discussed.
THE THICKNESS OF THE SKIN

What do you do to start reading thickness of skin? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fault. Someone will be bored to open the thick book with small words to read. In more, this is the real condition. So do happen probably with this thickness of skin.
The Concept of Betweenness in the Analysis of Power Grid Vulnerability

Vulnerability analysis in power systems is a key issue in modern society and many efforts have contributed to the analysis. Recently, complex network metrics applied to assess the topological vulnerability of networked systems have been used in power systems, such as betweenness metric, since transmission of power systems is in basis of a network structure. However, a pure topological approach fails to capture the specificity of power systems. This paper redefines, starting from the concept of complex networks, an electrical betweenness metric which considers several of specific features of power systems such as power transfer distribution and line flow limits. The electrical betweenness is compared with the conventional betweenness in IEEE-300 bus network according to the un-served energy after network is attacked. The results show that the tested network is more vulnerable when the components of the network are attacked according to their criticalities ranked by electrical betweenness.
Hardware design of magnetically isolated gate driver using Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)

This paper presents the hardware design of compact H-bridge magnetically isolated gate driver using Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) as power device. The new Gate Driver (GD) circuit is tested experimentally with various switching frequency to observe the performance of the circuit. The compact H-Bridge is design using Proteus in one circuit board with two layers Printed Circuit Board (PCB). Switching transients of the IGBT is analyzed based on the capabilities of the GD circuit.
Effects of antibody to rotavirus on protection of adults challenged with a human rotavirus.

Effects of preinoculation rotavirus antibody titers on the probability of infection and illness were evaluated in adults challenged orally with different doses of a virulent human rotavirus (CJN strain). Preinoculation titers considered were serum neutralizing antibody, serum rotavirus IgA, serum rotavirus IgG, jejunal neutralizing antibody, jejunal rotavirus IgA, and stool rotavirus IgA. Doses of virus of either 9 x 10(1) or 9 x 10(3) focus-forming units were administered to 19 subjects each. Twenty-six were infected; 15 experienced illness. The probability of either outcome was unrelated to dose. Stool rotavirus IgA titers could not be correlated to either infection or illness, but the mean titers of the other five antibodies were significantly or nearly significantly lower in subjects infected or ill, when compared with those negative for either outcome. When analyzed by stepwise logistic regression, only serum rotavirus IgG remained significantly (P = .005) related to the probability of infection, and only jejunal neutralizing antibody remained significantly (P = .01) related to the probability of illness.
PROBLEMS WITH USE OF THE END SYSTOLIC PRESSURE‐VOLUME SLOPE AS AN INDICATOR OF LEFT VENTRICULAR CONTRACTILITY: AN ALTERNATE METHOD

ABSTRACT The use of end-systolic elastance as a parameter of left ventricular contractility is based on a theory put forward by Sagawa (1) and is limited by an assumed linearity of the model for a time varying compliance. A major problem is the contractility-dependent curvilinearity of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR), which may result in intercept volumes that are below a passive unstretched volume. Based on the experimental data of Burkhoff et al. (2), we demonstrate the reasons for the lack of correlation of the slope (k) of the end-systolic pressure (Pes)-volume (Ves) relationship with ventricular contractility. A parabolic relation, Pes = a ± Ves2 + b ± Ves + c, was used for approximation of the ESPVRs, as proposed by Burkhoff et al., and the slope (k = 2 ± a ± Ves + b), together with the volume axis intercepts (Vo), calculated for the tangents for all Pes/Ves points of the ESPVRs. The results demonstrate the volume range dependence of the slope and Vo of linear regression lines. However, intercepts of the ESPVRs tangents with a midrange constant pressure line (e.g., 80 mmHg or 100 mmHg) justify the use of the shift of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship as a parameter of left ventricular contractility. This method appears to be valid over a much wider range of end-systolic volumes than is the use of the slope alone.
Considerations for the development and practice of cascade impaction testing, including a mass balance failure investigation tree.

APSD MEASUREMENTS OF OINDP are performed in order to characterize the size distribution of particles emitted from the OINDP device. APSD measurements are performed during drug product development for characterization studies, clinical release, and stability studies. In addition, some type of APSD measurement is usually required for release of the final commercial product as part of a comprehensive program to ensure quality of marketed batches. These measurements are made using a CI/MSLI that fractionates the incoming aerosol into several classes with well-defined limits in terms of aerodynamic particle size. It is normal to collect data from a CI/MSLI measurement initially as mass of API collected on each of the components of the apparatus (e.g., induction port, pre-separator (if used), stages of the CI/MSLI, and back-up filter). After determining the mass of API on each component of the apparatus (normally via HPLC with spectrophotometric detection or via direct spectrophotometric analysis), the arithmetic sum of the obtained individual values is calculated, expressed as % of target delivery per actuation, and is referred to as the mass balance (MB). MB is useful in determining whether an expected mass of drug has been captured by the impactor to provide a reliable measurement of the APSD, but by itself does not ensure that the APSD results are valid. MB should therefore not be used alone as a system suitability test when assessing APSD. The PQRI Particle Size Distribution Mass Balance Working Group was formed in late 2001 to examine several issues concerning the MB specification recommendations in the following FDA Guidances for Industry: