Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cdc1p is a Golgi-localized glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein remodelase

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) undergo extensive posttranslational modifications and remodeling, including the addition and subsequent removal of phosphoethanolamine (EtNP) from mannose 1 (Man1) and mannose 2 (Man2) of the glycan moiety. Removal of EtNP from Man1 is catalyzed by Cdc1p, an event that has previously been considered to occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We establish that Cdc1p is in fact a cis/medial Golgi membrane protein that relies on the COPI coatomer for its retention in this organelle. We also determine that Cdc1p does not cycle between the Golgi and the ER, and consistent with this finding, when expressed at endogenous levels ER-localized Cdc1p-HDEL is unable to support the growth of cdc1Δ cells. Our cdc1 temperature-sensitive alleles are defective in the transport of a prototypical GPI-AP-Gas1p to the cell surface, a finding we posit reveals a novel Golgi-localized quality control warrant. Thus, yeast cells scrutinize GPI-APs in the ER and also in the Golgi, where removal of EtNP from Man2 (via Ted1p in the ER) and from Man1 (by Cdc1p in the Golgi) functions as a quality assurance signal.
The Role of Autoimmune Diseases in the Prognosis of Lymphoma

The connection between autoimmune disease (AID) and lymphoproliferative disorders is a complex bidirectional relationship that has long been a focus of attention by researchers and physicians. Although advances in pathobiology knowledge have ascertained an AID role in the development of lymphoproliferative diseases developing, results about AID influence on the prognosis of lymphoma are discordant. In this review, we collect the most relevant literature debating a direct or indirect link between immune-mediated diseases and lymphoma prognosis. We also consider the molecular, genetic, and microenvironmental factors involved in the pathobiology of these diseases in order to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of this link.
Fish Oil Monotherapy for Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease on SMOFlipid in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a life-threatening complication of parenteral nutrition (PN) and is most prevalent in the preterm neonatal population receiving long-term PN. In this study, we report the outcome of our experience with fish oil monotherapy for IFALD in a fish oil-based combination lipid emulsion administered to preterm low birth weight infants. Fasting neonates were administered as PN according to our center’s nutrition protocol. A diagnosis of IFALD was made when the serum direct bilirubin levels were >2.0 mg/dL in two consecutive measurements that were more than one week apart, without evidence of intrinsic causes of liver dysfunction. The management of IFALD was conducted by switching the lipid emulsion from combination lipid emulsion to fish oil monotherapy at 1.0 g/kg/day, infused over 24 h. Fifteen infants met the criteria for IFALD and received fish oil monotherapy. The median gestational age was 27.5 weeks and the median birth weight was 862.5 g. IFALD was successfully reversed in 11 infants (11/15, 73.3%). The median duration of fish oil monotherapy was 39 days. Direct bilirubin values were initially elevated and then steadily declined from the third week of treatment onward. The enteral tolerance increased in varying degrees during the treatment period. The mean weight gain was 26.0 g/day during fish oil monotherapy. Omegaven® (Fresenius Kabi Austria Gmbh, Graz, Austria) at a dose of 1.0 g/kg/day was well tolerated, and no adverse events related to Omegaven use were seen. The reversal of IFALD in preterm infants on combination lipid emulsion containing fish oil was achieved by switching to fish oil monotherapy.
The most primitive extant ancestor of organisms and discovery of definitive evolutionary equations

Organisms are classified into three domains, Prokaryota, Archaea, and Eukaryota, and their evolutionary divergence has been characterized based on morphological and molecular features using rationale based on Darwin’s theory of natural selection. However, universal rules that govern genome evolution have not been identified. Here, a simple, innovative approach has been developed to evaluate biological evolution initiating the origin of life: whole genomes were divided into several fragments, and then differences in normalized nucleotide content between nucleotide pairs were compared. Based on nucleotide content structures, Monosiga brevicollis mitochondria may be the most primitive extant ancestor of the species examined here. The two normalized nucleotide contents are universally expressed by a linear regression line, (X − Y)/(X + Y) = a (X − Y) + b, where X and Y are nucleotide contents and (a) and (b) are constants. The value of (G + C), (G + A), (G + T), (C + A), (C + T) and (A + T) was ~0.5. Plotting (X − Y)/(X + Y) against X/Y showed a logarithmic function (X − Y)/(X + Y) = a ln X/Y + b, where (a) and (b) are constant. Nucleotide content changes are expressed by a definitive equation, (X − Y) ≈ 0.25 ln(X/Y).
Wolverines in winter: indirect habitat loss and functional responses to backcountry recreation

Outdoor recreation is increasingly recognized to impact nature and wildlife, yet few studies have examined recreation within large natural landscapes that are critical habitat to some of our most rare and potentially disturbance-sensitive species. Over six winters (2010 – 2015) and four study areas ( > 1.1 million ha) in Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana, we studied the responses of wolverines ( Gulo gulo ) to backcoun-try winter recreation. We ﬁ t Global Positioning System (GPS) collars to 24 individual wolverines and acquired > 54,000 GPS locations over 39 animal-years during winter (January – April). Simultaneously, we monitored winter recreation, collecting ~ 6000 GPS tracks ( ~ 200,000 km) from backcountry recreationists. We combined the GPS tracks with trail use counts and aerial recreation surveys to map the extent and relative intensity of motorized and non-motorized recreation. We integrated our wolverine and backcountry recreation data to (1) assess patterns of wolverine habitat selection and (2) evaluate the effect of backcoun-try recreation on wolverine habitat relationships. We used resource selection functions to model habitat selection of male and female wolverines within their home ranges. We ﬁ rst modeled habitat selection for environmental covariates to understand male and female habitat use then incorporated winter recreation covariates. We assessed the potential for indirect habitat loss from winter recreation and tested for functional responses of wolverines to differing levels and types of recreation. Motorized recreation occurred at higher intensity across a larger footprint than non-motorized recreation in most wolverine home ranges. Wolverines avoided areas of both motorized and non-motorized winter recreation with off-road recreation eliciting a stronger response than road-based recreation. Female wolverines exhibited stronger avoidance of off-road motorized recreation and experienced higher indirect habitat loss than male wolverines. Wolverines showed negative functional responses to the level of recreation exposure within the home range, with female wolverines showing the strongest functional response to motorized winter recreation. We suggest indirect habitat loss, particularly to females, could be of concern in areas with higher recreation levels. We speculate that the potential for backcountry winter recreation to affect wolverines may increase under climate change if reduced snow pack concentrates winter recreationists and wolverines in the remaining areas of persistent snow cover.
Estimation of environmental, genetic and parental age at conception effects on telomere length in a wild mammal

Understanding individual variation in fitness‐related traits requires separating the environmental and genetic determinants. Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that are thought to be a biomarker of senescence as their length predicts mortality risk and reflect the physiological consequences of environmental conditions. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to individual variation in telomere length is, however, unclear, yet important for understanding its evolutionary dynamics. In particular, the evidence for transgenerational effects, in terms of parental age at conception, on telomere length is mixed. Here, we investigate the heritability of telomere length, using the ‘animal model’, and parental age at conception effects on offspring telomere length in a wild population of European badgers (Meles meles). Although we found no heritability of telomere length and low evolvability (<0.001), our power to detect heritability was low and a repeatability of 2% across individual lifetimes provides a low upper limit to ordinary narrow‐sense heritability. However, year (32%) and cohort (3%) explained greater proportions of the phenotypic variance in telomere length, excluding qPCR plate and row variances. There was no support for cross‐sectional or within‐individual parental age at conception effects on offspring telomere length. Our results indicate a lack of transgenerational effects through parental age at conception and a low potential for evolutionary change in telomere length in this population. Instead, we provide evidence that individual variation in telomere length is largely driven by environmental variation in this wild mammal.
Metal Nanoparticle Film Deposition by Femtosecond Laser Ablation at Atmospheric Pressure

Nanoparticle gold films were deposited using femtosecond laser ablation in argon at atmospheric pressure in an arrangement where a flat Au target was irradiated through a transparent substrate in close proximity. Spatially extended films were made by rastering the target and substrate assembly together in the laser beam. Fast imaging clearly showed pronounced narrowing of the ablation plume, which can be understood in terms of laser induced multiphoton ionisation and heating of the gas near the ablation site. Deposition was possible for target-substrate separation up to 2 mm. The equivalent thickness of the nanoparticle film was controlled in the range 0.4–28 nm by changing the target-substrate separation and the shot-to-shot spacing of ablation spot raster. The mean Feret diameter varied in the range 14–40 nm depending on the deposition conditions, and all the films showed a surface plasmon resonance at about 525 nm, which was nearly independent of the equivalent thickness. The technique can readily be applied to other materials for the fabrication of nanoparticulate films at atmospheric pressure.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH DI POLIKLINIK REHABILITASI MEDIK RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN PERIODE JANUARI-JUNI 2019

Background : Low back pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by discomfort in the lower back (lumbosacral) region which can be acute or chronic and has a variety of causative factors. NPB is included in the top 10 diseases with the highest prevalence in the world. There are several risk factors for low back pain, such as individual, occupational and environmental factors. Methode: This research is qualitative-descriptive stud y , held on 1 st desember 2019 until 31 st Desember 2019 at the Polyclinic of Medical Rehabilitation in Regional Hospital Tidore Kepulauan, which aims to determine the characteristics of patients with LBP in Medical Rehabilitation Polyclinic of Regional Hospital Tidore Kepulauan in January 2019 until June 2019. Number of LBP patients that came to Medical Rehabilitation polyclinic in January-June 2019 was 41 people and there were 34 samples collected by using total sampling technique. The result of this research was secondary data obtained from patient medical record and presented in frequency distribution table form with explanation result. Result and conclusion: The results showed that LBP patients who came to Medical Rehabilitation Polyclinic in Regional Hospital Tidore Kepulauan in January 2019 until June 2019 is mostly in the age group of 61-70 years is 14 samples (41,2%), female (50%) and male (50%), PNS is 18 samples (52,9%) and most diagnosed with hernia nuclei pulposi is 19 samples (55,9%). Keywords: hernia nuclei pulposi , low back pain , medical rehabilitation
Label-Free Proteomics Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Subculture Induced Strain Degeneration and Discovery of Indicative Index for Degeneration in Pleurotus ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the widely cultivated edible fungi across the world. Mycelial subculture is an indispensable part in the process of cultivation and production for all kinds of edible fungi. However, successive subcultures usually lead to strain degeneration. The degenerated strains usually have a decrease in stress resistance, yield, and an alteration in fruiting time, which will subsequently result in tremendous economic loss. Through proteomic analysis, we identified the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus from different subcultured generations. We found that the DNA damage repair system, especially the double-strand breaks (DSBs), repairs via homologous recombination, was impaired in the subcultured mycelium, and gradual accumulation of the DSBs would lead to the strain degeneration after successive subculture. The TUNEL assay further confirmed our finding about the DNA breaks in the subcultured mycelium. Interestingly, the enzyme activity of laccase, carboxylic ester hydrolase, α-galactosidase, and catalase directly related to passage number could be used as the characteristic index for strain degeneration determination. Our results not only reveal for the first time at the molecular level that genomic instability is the cause of degeneration, but also provide an applicable approach for monitoring strain degeneration in process of edible fungi cultivation and production.
Climate Extremes in the Lake Victoria Basin: The ELVIC CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study

<p>Extreme weather events, like heavy precipitation, heat waves, droughts and wind storms have a detrimental impact on East African societies. The Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) is especially vulnerable, since nightly storms on the lake catch fishermen by surprise. As the frequency and intensity of climate extremes is projected to further increase substantially with climate change, so do the risks, with potentially major consequences for livelihoods and policy in the LVB. </p><p>The ultimate aim of the ELVIC CORDEX-FPS is to investigate how extreme weather events evolve in the future in the LVB and to provide improved probabilistic information to the impact community. ELVIC (Climate Extremes in the Lake Victoria Basin) brings together different research groups that perform simulations with multiple high-resolution regional climate models operating at the convection-permitting scale (CPS) (https://ees.kuleuven.be/elvic). </p><p>As a first step towards this overall goal, the added value of the CPS on the representation of deep convective systems in Equatorial Africa was assessed. For this purpose, 10-year present-day model simulations were carried out with five regional climate models both at the CPS and at the scale where convection was parameterized, namely COSMO-CLM, RegCM, HCLIM-AROME, WRF and the Met Office Unified Model. From a comparison of model output with different observational products, no robust improvement was found for seasonal average meteorological variables. Moreover, the change in the seasonal precipitation when going to CPS differs between the models. A robust improved performance was found for deep convection, reflected in an improved representation of the daily precipitation cycle. Preliminary results also point towards an improvement in the representation of extreme precipitation. This suggests that regional climate model simulations at the convection-permitting scale are indeed relevant to assess the climate sensitivity of extreme precipitation in the Lake Victoria Basin. </p>
The Broad Transcription Factor Links Hormonal Signaling, Gene Expression, and Cellular Morphogenesis Events During Drosophila Imaginal Disc Development

Imaginal disc morphogenesis during metamorphosis in Drosophila provides an ideal system for studying the hormonal control of morphogenesis. During metamorphosis, ecdysone signaling initiates a gene regulatory network. Imaginal disc morphogenesis during metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent model to uncover molecular mechanisms by which hormonal signals effect physical changes during development. The broad (br) Z2 isoform encodes a transcription factor required for disc morphogenesis in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone, yet how it accomplishes this remains largely unknown. Here, we use functional studies of amorphic br5 mutants and a transcriptional target approach to identify processes driven by br and its regulatory targets in leg imaginal discs. br5 mutants fail to properly remodel their basal extracellular matrix (ECM) between 4 and 7 hr after puparium formation. Additionally, br5 mutant discs do not undergo the cell shape changes necessary for leg elongation and fail to elongate normally when exposed to the protease trypsin. RNA-sequencing of wild-type and br5 mutant leg discs identified 717 genes differentially regulated by br, including a large number of genes involved in glycolysis, and genes that encode proteins that interact with the ECM. RNA interference-based functional studies reveal that several of these genes are required for adult leg formation, particularly those involved in remodeling the ECM. Additionally, br Z2 expression is abruptly shut down at the onset of metamorphosis, and expressing it beyond this time results in failure of leg development during the late prepupal and pupal stages. Taken together, our results suggest that br Z2 is required to drive ECM remodeling, change cell shape, and maintain metabolic activity through the midprepupal stage, but must be switched off to allow expression of pupation genes.
Viabilidade de subproduto de pupunha, Spirulina platensis e espinafre para enriquecimento de sopa desidratada

The objective of this work was to develop dehydrated soup formulations using flour from peach palm by-product (PPB), Spirulina platensis or spinach, as well as to evaluate their composition by physical, chemical, instrumental, and sensory methods. Four formulations were developed: standard, PPB flour, PPB flour and S. platensis , and PPB flour and spinach. The samples were analyzed for proximate composition, chlorophyll content, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, color, viscosity, water absorption, and microbiological parameters. The sensory characterization was performed by the check-all-that-apply method. The soups containing spinach or S. platensis presented the highest protein contents of 3.3 and 4.6 g 100 g -1 , respectively. The soups formulated with the microalgae S. platensis showed higher contents of fibers, lipids, and antioxidants. Changes were observed in the color and viscosity of the soups. The standard dehydrated soup was characterized as shiny, creamy, with seasoning flavor and fragments, and a pale-yellow color; the formulation with spinach, as grainy, with an herb odor and flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color; and with S. platensis , with herb flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color. The developed formulations are within the microbiological standards for food established by the Brazilian legislation. The sensory analysis revealed a new market niche, and the soups containing PPB and S. platensis showed good acceptability. Peach palm flour, Spirulina platensis , and spinach are alternatives for the nutritional enrichment of dehydrated soups with high protein, ash, fiber, and antioxidant contents.
Characterization in Two Indonesian Bos indicus Cattle Breeds Based on Morphometrical Measurements

Objective: The aim of this study was carried out to obtain the discriminant variables between Pasundan and Ongole bulls through morphometrical measurements. Materials and Methods: Six morphometric traits of chest girth (CG), withers height (WH), body length (BL), chest depth (CD), hip height (HH) and rump width (RW) were performed in this study. Total of 110 bulls (72 Pasundan and 38 Ongole) from West Java Province of Indonesia were used in this study. Results: The stepwise discriminant analysis showed that three morphometrical measurements of CG, BL and CD had strong discriminating power to characterize of both breeds. The discriminant function obtained correctly classified 87.5% for Pasundan and 100% for Ongole (with canonical correlation of 0.81).
Phylloporus pruinatus, a new lamellate bolete from subtropical China

Phylloporus pruinatus is described as a new species characterized by its small basidiomata about 2–3 cm diam, a yellowish brown to reddish brown pileal surface covered with a thin white pruina, white to cream yellow context, whitish basal mycelium and small spores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three gene makers (ITS, nrLSU and tef1-α) also confirmed it belongs to the genus Phylloporus and that it is distinct from any known species. Morphological illustrations and descriptions are provided.