Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WhatsApp political discussion, conventional participation and activism: exploring direct, indirect and generational effects

ABSTRACT Ordinary citizens are increasingly using mobile instant messaging apps such as WhatsApp for politically-related activities. Compared to other ‘semi-public’ online platforms, WhatsApp provides a more intimate and controlled environment in which users can almost simultaneously gather and share news, discuss politics, and mobilize others. Relying on two-wave panel data collected in Spain, USA, and New Zealand, this study examines the mediating role of WhatsApp political discussion in the relationships between different types of news use and various forms of political participation. First, our findings reveal WhatsApp discussion has a positive influence on activism, and a more nuanced effect on conventional participation. Second, results are partially supportive of a fully mediated set of influences between news media and social media news uses and both types of participation via WhatsApp. Finally, the study examines age differential effects between younger (Gen Xers and Millennials) and older (Boomers) age groups.
On secondary recycling of ZrO2-reinforced HDPE filament prepared from domestic waste for possible 3-D printing of bearings

In this study, an innovative route for secondary recycling (with zirconium oxide (ZrO2) reinforcement) has been proposed based on melt processing of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in low-temperature bearing applications. Initially, secondary recycled HDPE, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and nylon 6 thermoplastic composites were investigated for melt flow index (MFI) according to ASTM D1238 standard. Based on the acceptable MFI, secondary recycled HDPE matrix was selected for second-stage processing on twin screw extrusion (TSE). The final process involves reinforcement of ZrO2 into HDPE matrix by TSE in 60:40 ratio (by weight %) for preparation of feedstock filament (for possible 3-D printing of bearings). The results of the study suggest that for processing of HDPE, 40% ZrO2 composite matrix, 50 r min−1 screw speed, 190°C barrel temperature, and 15 kg applied load are the best setting of TSE (for maximizing the tensile strength of feedstock filament). The results are also supported by wear properties, thermal stability, and morphological analysis (based on scanning electron microscopy and electron-dispersive X-ray analysis).
Multidirectional Pin-on-Disk Testing Device to Evaluate the Cross-shear Effect on the Wear of Biocompatible Materials

One of the main causes of hip prostheses failure is the premature wear of their components. Multi-directional motion or “cross-shear” motion has been identified as one of the most significant factors affecting the wear rate of UHMWPE in total hip joint replacement prostheses. To better evaluate the effect of this cross-shear motion on the tribological behavior of different biomaterials, a new wear testing device has been designed and developed. This new instrument is capable to reproduce the “cross-shear” effect with bidirectional motion on bearing materials and to determine coefficient of friction (COF) between surfaces during testing. To validate the functionality of this new testing platform, alumina balls were articulated against Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy disks in Ringer’s solution. Four different articulation patterns, all with identical path lengths per cycle, were tested. Gravimetric weight loss was converted to volumetric wear data in order to determine the effects of motion patterns on the wear. Worn surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. This scientific approach to quantifying the tribological effects of cross-shear provides fundamental data that are crucial in evaluating potential biomaterials for use in knee and hip joint replacements.
Optical phase shifted pulse interferometry for parallel multi-channel ultrasound detection

In optical detection of ultrasound, resonators with high Q-factors are frequently used to maximize sensitivity. However, in order to perform parallel interrogation, conventional interferometric techniques require an overlap between the resonator spectra, which is difficult to achieve with high Q-factor resonators. In this work, a new method is developed for simultaneous interrogation of optical resonators with non-overlapping spectra. The method is based on a phase modulation scheme for pulse interferometry (PM-PI) and requires only a single photodetector and sampling channel per ultrasound detector. Using PM-PI, parallel ultrasound detection is demonstrated with four high Q-factor resonators.
The Returns to Lobbying: Evidence from Local Governments in the “Age of Earmarks”

I measure the returns to lobbying for US local governments in terms of federal earmarks. Because a local government’s decision to lobby may be endogenous to receiving an earmark, I instrument for lobbying with local housing prices. Since the time period of my analysis covers the Housing Crisis, I argue that the variation in housing prices over this time was largely exogenous to federal earmark distributions. The strong correlation that I find between housing price growth rates and lobbying provides evidence that local governments lobbied to buffer against impending property tax losses. I find no evidence that lobbying is associated with increased earmark awards overall. However, conditional on selection into receiving an earmark, I do find evidence that lobbying served to increase the size of earmark awards.
THE DISTRIBUTION AND POLARIZATION OF INCOME IN KOREA, 1965-2005: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Four measures of inequality in the distribution of income, income sources, consumption, and saving for salary-and-wage-earner households in cities of Korea are reported. Polarization measures are also computed. Income distribution shows improvement during the early part of the 1990s, but modest deterioration during the period 1998-2005. The income inequality variations are found to result mostly from variations in wage inequality. We find that income gaps between the top 10 percent and the bottom 10 percent groups have been widening. Income inequality and polarization did increase in the early 2000s. However, no definitive evidence is found on the presence of a rising trend of polarization. Comparing the Gini and real mean income per household for the United States, Taiwan, and Korea from 1984 to 2003 indicates that Koreai¯s Gini varied relatively favorably.
Teacher Leadership in Building Student Character: Educational Challenges in the 21st Century

Education is a medium in improving one's self-quality. On the other hand, along with the times and various advances in technology and information, education is faced with big issues related to the character of students who currently have a very worrisome morality. It cannot be denied that the developments that occur in each era will have negative and positive impacts. In the education process, the existence of teachers as educators has a great responsibility because with the advancement of technology and information, not only can make a person smart but also can make a person has a bad moral and character. Having superior intelligence is a desirable achievement, but it does not mean ignoring the values of culture and character. To that end, the soul of leadership also needs to be owned by every teacher as an educator as a leader must be able to lead as well as bring students to a better change. This research illustrates how teacher’s actions can influence and play a major role in student character and soft skill building. Keywords—teacher, student, leadership, character
Bagaimana Anak Muda Memahami Kesenjangan Ekonomi?

This study aimed to find out how young adult understand the economic disparity issue and whether ideas related to that problem had authoritarianism and materialism inclinations. The study was done to group of university students age 18 – 30 years old. There were 295 people participating in the study. It utilized survey with open ended questionnaire to figure out participants’ feelings and thoughts toward economic disparity. Subjects also filled out authoritarianism and materialism scales. The result showed that subjects’ responses toward economic disparity could be categorized into three types: 1) critical response (structural), 2) naive individualistic response and 3) fatalistic response. Most subjects provided naive individualistic response. Result of cross tabulation test showed that authorianism had negative correlation with critical response but had positive correlation with naive individualistic response. Materialism had positive correlation with naive individualistic response. Authorianism and materialism were not related to fatalistic response.
Festival Spaces and the Visitor Experience

A festival implies a special use of space for both the organiser and the visitor. On the practical level of events management, it is a series of temporary per - formance venues presenting special organisational problems. For the festivalgoers, it is a space set apart to which they come seeking an extraordinary experience. This experience can have an emotional and symbolic significance, which they then come to associate with the place itself. For this reason, festivals and special events are increasingly used as part of strategies to regenerate or reposition urban areas or coastal resorts. Events attract additional visitors, creating economic benefits for retail, leisure and other businesses. The publicity can be used for place marketing aimed not only at attracting visitors but also new businesses and investment to the area (Jago et al., 2003; Morgan et al, 2002). They can also give a boost to the cultural or sporting life of the residents and increase local pride and selfesteem. Festivals are part of the area’s ‘experience economy’ to use Pine and Gilmore’s (1999) term, creating a temporary ‘creative space’ which can attract visitors (Richards and Wilson, 2006). But how should that space be designed to optimise the experience of the festival-goers and contribute to the success of the event? Answering this question requires an awareness of how festival-goers perceive the impact of the location and its layout on their enjoyment of the event. The role of space can best be explored within a wider conceptual framework that maps the visitor experience of the event. This chapter is based on research into the 2005 Sidmouth Folk Festival, a long-established event which saw a significant change in ownership and organisation from previous years. This sparked a lengthy discussion on an enthusiasts’ internet message board about how successful it had been. One aspect of this was the rival merits of a festival based in a showground and one spread over existing venues around the town. An analysis of these discussions was used to explore the elements of the event experience and the ways in which festival-goers evaluate it
Book Reviews: American Politics

exegesis, social criticism, or historical analysis but a blend of all these. Thus there is no single explicit thesis so common in disciplinaryspecific works. The book obviously provides grist for constitutional law classes but moreover provides an excellent context for the discussion of many themes of particular significance to the field of black politics. In this regard it provides a kind of updated perspective on concerns raised in the twin volumes by Matthew Holden, The White Man's Burden and The Politics of The Black Nation. Bell's book makes a major contribution to the crossdisciplinary literature of changing race relations and joins the ranks of such stellar works as Harold Cruse's The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual, Joel Williamson's The Crucible of Race, and Cruse's latest work, Plural but Equal.
Review of evaluation in agricultural extension

The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. ii Foreword Greater emphasis on accountability in the delivery of extension programs has put new focus on techniques for evaluating such programs. This report discusses the discipline of program evaluation and then reviews five main forms of evaluation and illustrates them with case studies drawn from agricultural extension in Australia. It is hoped that improved access to sound information on evaluation methods will be reflected in better planning of agricultural extension projects, more effective monitoring and evaluation of programs, and hence more efficient use of industry funds and greater benefits for clients of all research and development programs in rural Australia. This report belongs to RIRDC's range of over 250 research publications and forms part of our Human Capital, Communications and Information Systems R&D program, which aims to enhance human capital and facilitate innovation in rural industries and communities. iii Acknowledgments Firstly we would like to thank all the people who contributed to the Review by sending us evaluation reports and answering our inquiries. All contributors are listed in Appendix 4. Special acknowledgment must be given to the practitioners who conducted the evaluations that make up the case studies in this report. Without their work we would have no concrete examples of evaluation to illustrate the various approaches to evaluation that have been taken in agricultural extension today. Secondly we would like to thank and acknowledge the support of Dr. Barrie Bardsley for his timely advice and input into the Review. His balanced critique of early drafts greatly influenced the final product. We would also like to thank John Owen, whose book Program Evaluation: Forms and Approaches greatly helped us to understand the various approaches to evaluation from the discipline of program evaluation per se. Also a big thank you to Jerome Winston from RMIT for his advice and encouragement to a group of non-professional evaluators exploring the vast field of evaluation.
Might All Infinities Be the Same Size?

ABSTRACT Cantor proved that no set has a bijection between itself and its power set. This is widely taken to have shown that there infinitely many sizes of infinite sets. The argument depends on the principle that if two sets are of the same size, there is a bijection between them. I shall argue that it can be reasonable to be sceptical of this principle, and that there is an epistemic possibility that all infinite sets have the same size as the set of natural numbers and that there is even an epistemic possibility that the collection of all sets has the same size as the set of natural numbers. These epistemic possibilities depend on considerations about the epistemic possibility of the contingency of some pure sets.
Two Factors Affecting Interpersonal Relationship Related to Weak Point Awareness: Association Between Self-monitoring and Self-esteem

目 的 自尊感情は対人関係の諸側面に影響を与える。 例えば,自 尊感情が低い場合,職場の部下や後輩に対する「対人苦手意 識」が強まることが示唆されている(日向野・堀毛・小口, 1998)。 この原因の一つとして,自尊感情が低く自信が持てな いことで,自分の部下や後輩に適切な自己呈示ができないこ とが考えられる。 自己呈示修正能力を下位概念とする「セル フ・モニタリング」(Snyder, 1974)の高さは,対人苦手意識の 低さと関連することも示唆されている(日向野・小口, 2002)。 しかし,自尊感情とセルフ・モニタリングの両方に焦点を当 てた対人苦手意識への影響過程は十分に検討されていない。 そこで本研究では,「自尊感情の低さが対人苦手意識を高め る(仮説 1)」,及び,「自尊感情の低さがセルフ・モニタリン グの低さを媒介して対人苦手意識を高める(仮説 2)」という 部分媒介仮説を立て,対人苦手意識への影響過程を検討する。 方 法 調査協力者:2017年 5月に大学生 199名に測度による調査 を行い,有効回答を得た 177名(男性 68名,女性 109名) を分析した。 平均年齢 19. 05歳(SD=1.72)であった。 測度:(a)自尊感情尺度(山本・松井・山城,1982):10項 目,5件法。 (b)改訂セルフ・モニタリング尺度(石原・水 野, 1992):「他者の表出行動への感受性(6項目)」と「自己 呈示の修正能力(7項目)」,6件法。 (c)職業用対人苦手意 識尺度(日向野・小口,2002):「わずらわしさ(6項目)」 と「懸念(6項目)」,6件法。 協力者には,苦手な同性の部 下を一人思い浮かべてもらい,その部下に仕事上のミスを指 摘しなければならない状況を想像させ,部下がいない場合 は,部下がいると仮定して回答させた。 結 果 各尺度の合計得点の平均値(SD)は,自尊感情が 27.64 点 (SD = 7.50),セルフ・モニタリングの「他者の表出行動への 感受性」が 23. 71点(SD = 4.81),「自己呈示の能力」が 26.12 点(SD = 4.48),対人苦手意識の「わずらわしさ」が 24. 16点 (SD = 6.55),「懸念」が 17. 68点(SD = 4.39),であった。 次に,セルフ・モニタリングと対人苦手意識を潜在変数と して,自尊感情からセルフ・モニタリングを媒介した対人苦 手意識への影響についてパス解析をした(Figure 1)。 まず,自 尊感情から対人苦手意識への直接効果は負のパスがみられた (β = -.68, p < .01)。 次に,セルフ・モニタリングの媒介効 果は,自尊感情からセルフ・モニタリングへ正のパスがみら れ(β = .28, p < .05),セルフ・モニタリングから対人苦手意 識へ負のパスがみられた(β = -.32, p < .10)。 この媒介効果 についてブートストラップ法(リサンプリング回数 20,000回, バイアス修正法)により 95%信頼区間を求めた結果,下限値 -0.09,上限値 0. 00となり,有意な媒介効果はなかった。 考 察 自尊感情から対人苦手意識への負のパスが有意であり,仮 説 1は支持された。 しかし,セルフ・モニタリングの媒介効 果は有意ではなく,仮説 2は棄却された。 したがって,本研 究では,セルフ・モニタリングは媒介せず,自尊感情の低さ が直接的に対人苦手意識を高めることが示された。 セルフ・モニタリングの媒介効果がなかった原因は,調査 対象が大学生であったことが一因かもしれない。 社会人の場 合,部下との関わりは「回避できず,協力が必須な関係」の ため,部下への注意場面で適切な行動を可能にするセルフ・ モニタリングが自尊感情と対人苦手意識を媒介するかもしれ ない。 しかし,大学生の友達関係は好みによって「回避可能 であり,それがあまり問題とならない関係」のため,苦手な 後輩に対しても無理に関わる必要性は低い。 そこで,セル フ・モニタリングを媒介しなかったのかもしれない。 ところで,Snyder(1980)はセルフ・モニタリングの高モ ニターについて,自信に満ち,洞察力があり,社会的な印象 操作に長けた人物であると説明している。 一方,生涯にわた り対人関係のモデルとなるアタッチメントが安定していない 場合には,リフレクティブ機能を伴うメンタライジング能力 に課題を持つこと(Allen, 2013 上地・神谷訳 2017)が示さ れている。 洞察力と類似する概念であるリフレクティブ機能 が本調査のセルフ・モニタリングの結果に影響を与えている ことも考えられる。 引用文献 日向野 智子・堀毛 一也・小口 孝司 (1998). 青年期の対人 関係における苦手意識 昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀 要, 1, 43-62. 日向野 智子・小口 孝司 (2002). 対人苦手意識の実態と生起 過程 心理学研究,73, 157-165. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 526-537. 付 記 本研究は,第 3発表者が平成 29年度に静岡福祉大学社会 福祉学部に提出した卒業論文を再分析したものである。
Trapezoidal SiNWs array fabricated by AFM-LAO for Dengue virus DNA oligomer detection

This paper demonstrates an array of SiNWs device was fabricated by Atomic Force Microscope-Local Anodic Oxidation (AFM-LAO) technique for Dengue virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oligomer detection. The SiNWs were wet etched by using 25 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) with addition of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at various concentrations (10, 20 and 30 vol%). The produced SiNWs were in trapezoidal shape with different dimension and surface roughness. The surface of SiNWs was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde followed by the immobilized peptide nucleic acid, then hybridized with Dengue DNA oligomer. The hybridization procedure causes a current change due to accumulation of negative charges introduced on SiNWs surface which determines the performance of the device. The small width and rough surface of SiNWs device has high sensitivity (80.3 μAM−1) and low detection limit (2.22 fM).
Psychosocial Factors Affecting Smoking Cessation Among People Living With Schizophrenia: A Lived Experience Lens

Introduction: People living with schizophrenia smoke at much higher rates than the general population, and find it more difficult to quit. To date, lived experience has received little attention from researchers. Personal recovery perspectives may generate further insights into established psychosocial barriers and enablers of smoking cessation. Methods and Results: A lived experience account is provided by one of our authors that places the current evidence in context, and highlights the role of marginalization and stigma in reinforcing smoking. Key concepts from the personal recovery paradigm, such as connectedness, hope, and empowerment are discussed. The relevance of these factors and the value of shared lived experience in challenging stigma, marginalization, and low expectations demonstrates the contribution that peer support can offer to support smoking cessation. Conclusions: Recovery-oriented approaches when integrated with existing evidence-based treatments designed to meet the needs of people living with schizophrenia have potential to improve outcomes by helping to take a more holistic approach to break down barriers and facilitate increased uptake of treatment and support. Further research to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated approaches is warranted.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD CANVAS TO FOSTER SCIENTIFIC THINKING AND STEM VOCATIONS THROUGH VISUAL THINKING STRATEGIES

Visual Thinking (VT) is concerned with the use of visual resources (diagrams, simple drawings, short texts) to represent, organize or communicate ideas or contents. VT aims to favor the understanding of concepts to 'translate' to a visual representation a content or process. Lower thinking skills to remember and understand concepts are necessary as much as higher order skills to filter, manage and spatially organize contents. VT offers us a slower, but more effective, way to learn and teachers are increasingly using VT for educational purposes in their lectures. Within the VT techniques, we have set ourselves in the so-called canvas as a template that allows to visually structuring the fundamental elements of an entity or process. As an example of use in the educational field, the PBL canvas proposed by conecta13, describes a Project Based Learning process in nine steps (key competences, learning standards, evaluation method, final product, tasks, resources, ICT tools, grouping and organization and dissemination). On the other hand, we find the need to encourage Science, Technonoloy, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) vocations, especially in women, given the decreasing interest in these areas (Science, Mathematics, Engineering and Mathematics) considered more arid and boring by students. This makes us to face a paradoxical crossroad, since much of the jobs of the future will be linked to these fields. It is therefore necessary to bring the methodology of scientific thinking closer to the students by presenting it in accessible ways. Here we propose a canvas that provides a visual structure to represent graphically the various steps of the scientific method. These steps include the systematic observation, formulation of hypothesis, design of the experiment to prove or discard them, to finally elaborate some conclusions leading to development of a theory. The canvas is used as a visual tool to support the design to summarize the results of the scientific experiment, to cover the different steps in a schematic way either with text or graphically. An empty template is provided as well as different examples of the canvas covered with experiments that can be carried out in different pre-university educational levels. In order to let this canvas become part of the public domain it is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike license, so that anyone can use it, copy or modify by free, with the only condition of attributing the corresponding authorship and keeping the license open.
A Study on the Psychological Status of Hospitalized Children and Their Perceptions of Hospital and Sickness Through Drawings

Objective: Sickness and hospitalization may have negative influences on the development and psychological status of children. It is important to understand children’s perceptions of sickness and hospital in order to reduce and eliminate the negative effects of hospitalization experiences on the psychological well-being of the children. From this perspective, the aim of this study was to examine the hospitalized children’s psychological status and their perceptions of hospital and sickness. Material and Methods: The study was based on a both descriptive and content analysis approach. The study group consisted of 31 children between the ages of 5 and 16 years who were recruited from a public hospital in North Cyprus. The children’s experiences were examined through their family and hospital drawings and draw-and-tell interviews. Results: Anxiety, depression, and the representation of the hospital as unsafe, need for a well-structured environment, problems with social relations, difficulties with holding onto life and lack of quality in the drawings were found to be the common findings in the drawings. When the drawings of each child were evaluated individually, it was found that regression increases in the hospital drawings. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be helpful in understanding the hospitalization experiences from the children’s perspective and might have clinical implications for practice in terms of supporting children in the hospitalization process.