Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of hardware structures through configurable logic

This paper describes an alternative approach to implement Computer Architecture Structures. It employs an array of identical devices that can be dynamically configured by the application programmer. Known as "array of configurable logic cells", this RAM-based FPGA offers many research opportunities in the Computer Architecture area. The paper presents the design of an array of programmable devices, the mapping process of basic Architecture Structures onto the array: and the current stage of the project. <<ETX>>
Good stream ciphers are hard to design

Cipher systems are commonly subdivided into block ciphers and stream ciphers. In the application, block ciphers require, as their name indicates, large blocksizes. Contrastingly, stream ciphers can operate on data units as small as a bit or a character, a fact that has greatly contributed to their popularity. In this paper a survey of the different approaches to the design of stream cipher systems is presented. Examples are used to illustrate the results that can be obtained.
The Wrist wrap as a protective and performance enhancing device in powerlifting

Wrist wraps come in all sorts of designs, from simple slings to complex devices combining glove parts, thumb sleeves and grip aid elements. They are usually made of an elastic material that restricts backward and forward wrist bending without totally immobilizing the joint, plus any other desired effect such as aiding in grip, restricting thumb or whole hand movement. Most wrist support and wrap devices on the market are designed for treatment of hand, wrist and forearm injuries, or their prevention. More recently, wrist devices have been developed as sports equipment, either as protection against injury during training or competition, or, more controversially, as performance enhancing aids. Most powerlifters use wrist wraps for lifting. Wrist wraps are standard equipment in the bench press and deadlift, but many lifters will not squat without it either. Wrist wraps are also popular among olympic lifters and other strength sports. Let us have a look at the fascinating history of our modern wrist wraps before moving on to its protective and performance enhancing action.
Natural Language Generation

Many a times it is needed to produce understandable texts in English or other human languages from some underlying non-linguistic representation of information. This is achieved by Natural Language Generation (NLG). NLG systems have a wide range of applications in the fields of media, medicine, computational humor, etc. In this paper, 'pipeline architecture' is explained which contains steps involved in the process of NLG. Throughout, the emphasis is on established techniques that can be used to build simple but practical working NLG systems.
A High Performance And Area Efficient Golomb Coding For H.264 Entropy Encoder In FPGA

In this paper we present a new implementation method of golomb coading. Due to lower complexity this techniques is well known for data compression . Thus it is mainly used in mobile multimedia communication . in this paper we present the golomb coding compression algorithm in field programmable gate array (FPGA) . The proposed coding is implemented to reduce the hardware cost . The coding scheme development utilises the VHDL . The development algorithm is simulated using the ALTERA Quartus II software
Effect of dispersal ability on plants’ range shifts caused by contemporary climate change

Because of the climate warming during the 20th century, species shift their range to track their preferred climates (Parmesan & Yohe, 2003). However, while some species already show considerable range shifts, many species have not (yet) shifted their range (Lenoir et al., 2008). There is growing interest into whether certain plant traits, such as dispersal ability, could predict which species are able to move their range (Angert et al., 2011). Next to research directly examining the effect of dispersal traits on range shifts, research examining the effect of traits on plants’ range size and range filling (the extent to which a species inhibits its potential area) can give information about what traits affect range shift ability, since these traits could also help a species to successfully establish in a new habitat (Estrada et al., 2016). However, since the actual seed dispersal distance of many species is not known, studies often use simple plant traits to estimate dispersal capacity (Vittoz & Engler, 2007). By looking at studies examining the effect of dispersal traits on range shifts, range size and range filling, this paper examines which traits are used to determine dispersal capacity, and whether current evidence suggests that these traits indeed influence range shift ability. Most studies reviewed found that dispersal modes which reach longer distances, such as dispersal by wind or animals, increase range shift ability in plants. However, evidence for an effect of seed size or seed mass on range shift ability is mixed. This paper gives insight in which dispersal traits influence range shifts, and gives direction as to which dispersal traits need more research.
Current sensing techniques for global interconnects in very deep submicron (VDSM) CMOS

Sensing current instead of voltage provides an alternative to signaling on the long wires that are increasingly limiting the performance of CMOS as it scales into the VDSM regime (<0.25 /spl mu/). Current-mode techniques have been proposed for sensing bit-lines. We present a comparative study of Current-sensing with the optimal repeater insertion technique for wires from 0.35 cm to 1.75 cm in length. Simulation results using SPICE for 0.18 /spl mu/ showed that current-sensing was faster and lower-power when compared to optimal repeater insertion technique. While the power dissipated by the optimal repeater circuit increased linearly with line length, power dissipated by the current-sensing circuit was almost constant for longer lines. Inductance had little effect on the differential current sensing technique.
Evaluation of a wind/temperature nowcasting model using aircraft data for the benefit of air traffic management

Advanced four‐dimensional air traffic management tools necessitate very accurate prediction of wind and temperature in the very short term. A method based on optimal interpolation of observational data was developed and tested within the framework of Eurocontrol's PHARE programme and the 4MIDaBLE programme under the auspices of the European Commission. It takes advantage of the growing density of automated aircraft reports to update background forecasts and produce nowcasts valid twenty minutes to a couple of hours ahead with an improved accuracy. The emergence of surveillance techniques such as the Automatic Dependent Surveillance based on the use of aircraft‐to‐aircraft and aircraft‐to‐ground data links and the Aeronautical Telecommunications Network is generating much interest in nowcasting techniques because they may facilitate the acquisition of observational data on selected areas with a given observation density. The basis of the nowcasting method is presented along with different evaluations, one of which lasted several months, using routine aircraft data over France. The evaluation shows that operational forecasts can be improved by taking into account the latest aircraft observations, but it is necessary to select aircraft data to obtain a positive response. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society
An analysis of the interference in the TDD-CDMA system

This paper gives descriptions of the kinds of interference in the TDD-CDMA system. There are some specific interference modes in the TDD mode. Intra-cell, inter-cell, inter-operator and TDD/FDD interference are studied. Some simple simulations are done to study these kinds of interference and some suggestions are proposed for avoiding or reducing interference in the TDD-CDMA system.
Decentralized Access Control Schemes for Data Storage on Cloud

In this review paper of decentralized access control schemes are reviewed for secure information storage on cloud. In centralized network storage, data is not secure, data accessing for different user is difficult, updating data is also not that easy, to overcome all these issues decentralized schemes are considered. A decentralized access control scheme with anonymous authentication provides user revocation and prevents replay attacks. The cloud does not know the identity of the user who stores information, but only verifies the user’s credentials. Fine-grained access control scheme grants different access control policies to user to do operations on their data. Key distribution is done in a decentralized way. Data stored in clouds is highly sensitive. These schemes gives secure data storage in decentralized network compared to centralized network.
The WinSnoori user's manual version 1.32

Using tools for investigating speech signals is an invaluable help to teach phonetics and more generally speech sciences. For several years we have undertaken the development of the software WinSnoori which is for both speech scientists as a research tool and teachers in phonetics as an illustration tool. It consists of five types of tools: to edit speech signals, to annotate phonetically or orthographically speech signals. WinSnorri offers tools to explore annotated corpora automatically, to analyse speech with several spectral analyses and monitor spectral peaks along time, to study prosody. Besides pitch calculation it is possible to synthesise new signals by modifying the F0 curve and/or the speech rate, to generate parameters for the Klatt synthesiser. A user friendly graphic interface and copy synthesis tools allows the user to generate files for the Klatt synthesiser easily. In the context of speech sciences Snorri can therefore be exploited for many purposes, among them, illustrating speech phenomena and investigating acoustic cues of speech sounds and prosody.
Survey on Modular Attack on RSA Algorithm

This paper is devoted to the analysis of various cryptanalysis attack . This cryptanalysis attack mainly happens on the encrypted message which is to be passed over communication channel.The cryptanalysis attack is used to get the key from the encrypted message. Mod operation in the RSA algorithm plays an important role to break this algorithm.The Side Channel attack which include Timing attack and power analysis is used to break the RSA algorithm. There are various types of symmetric algorithm are discussed in this paper ,which is to be used to break the encrypted message.
Constructing Semantic Knowledge Model based on Children Dictionary

Natural Language is a rich source of knowledge. Processing natural language in a way that computer can understand and draw linguistic inferences from it is the main research track in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. Semantic Knowledge Model (SKM) plays an important role in modeling and representing different knowledge sources. In this domain, a project is defined to address the previous problems in SKM and propose a new solution to construct a new one. The whole research project is based on a hypothesis: to have an ideal knowledge model, we need to construct our knowledge model based on the available knowledge source (e.g. dictionary definitions), from a very basic level such as Children dictionary and then integrate and extend it to a higher level e.g. Adult dictionary. This master thesis tried to evaluate part of this hypothesis, the ability to expand the definitions in an automated way and its potential to have the same mechanism at higher level. Expansion is used to expand the definition i.e. replacing every meaningful word in it by its own definition. The expansion mechanism helps to gather the sparse knowledge in dictionary. In this direction, “Core words” are defined. They constitute minimal set of words from which all other words can be defined by, in the dictionary. Besides what have been mentioned about core words, they help to control how far a definition can be expanded (otherwise it could be expanded unlimitedly). The problems which we faced during expanding the dictionary definitions are analyzed and our suggested solutions summarized carefully. The license of definitions in the Oxford First Dictionary has been bought by AI lab at EPFL. Due to the time limitations, only the verbs in the children dictionary which correspond to 429 head-words were analyzed and expanded. Chapter 1 provides some basic information about Natural Language Processing, our motivations to start such a project, review of the three similar projects and our goal in this research. Chapter 2 details knowledge sources which we considered. In this chapter, we also analyzed the structures of the dictionary definitions. Chapter 3 introduces expansion mechanism and the relevant concepts. In chapter 4, practical issues in the expansion of children dictionary definitions are reveled. In this perspective, all the problems encountered during expansion steps are listed, categorized and analyzed. Conclusion and the future work is stated in the last chapter. Keyword: semantic model, knowledge representation, expanding dictionary definitions, core words.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF MUSEUM STUDYING OF VACTERL SYNDROME

The article deals with VACTERL association, particularly non randomly associated birth defects, typically defined by the presence of at least three of the following congenital malformations: vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities. Museum collection of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of Kharkiv National Medical University, which devoted to prenatal and perinatal pathology, has numerous museum exhibits representing this pathology. The specimens help to discuss pathological anatomy of each of these defects.
Changes in growth, microbial and enzyme activities in oil palm nursery in response to bioinoculants and chemical fertilizers

ABSTRACT A study was conducted to assess the influence of bioinoculants and chemical fertilizers on survival and enzymes activity of microbes in rhizosphere and growth of oil palm seedlings. Bioinoculants namely Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus megaterium, Frateuria aurantia and Glomus aggregatum were applied individually, combindly and integrated with chemical fertilizers. Most convincing and highly significant results for growth parameters, phosphatases, dehydrogenase and trehalase activity were observed in potting mixture with application of bioinoculants + 25% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (RDF). Extreme levels of esterase in potting mixture were noticed under the treatment with bioinoculants + 50% RDF followed by bioinoculants + 25% RDF. The highest population of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus and Frateuria in potting mixture was enumerated with consortium of bioinoculants + 25% RDF. Glomalin content and root infection recorded in Glomus aggregatum was ostensibly superior to rest of the treatments except consortium of bioinoculants + 25% RDF. Correlation analysis revealed significant and positive interaction between microbial population and enzyme activities. The study suggests that integrated use of bioinoculants along with 25% RDF play a significant role in enhancing oil palm seedling growth through increased microbial population and enzyme activity in rhizosphere.
A co-crystal of ethylenediammonium bis(3,5- dinitrobenzoate) and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid

The co-crystal of ethyl­enediammonium bis­(3,5-dinitro­benzoate) and 3,5-dinitro­benzoic acid, namely ethyl­enediaminium–3,5-dinitro­benzoate–3,5-dinitro­benzoic acid (1/2/2), C2H10N22+·2C7H3N2O6−·2C7H4N2O6, has as the asymmetric unit one 3,5-dinitro­benzoic acid mol­ecule, one 3,5-dinitro­benzoate ion and one-half of the ethyl­enediammonium ion, as this cation lies on an inversion centre. Each ethyl­enediammonium ion is hydrogen bonded to four benzoate ions and two benzoic acid mol­ecules.
Distinct neural mechanisms for the prosocial and rewarding properties of MDMA

MDMA, which has both therapeutic and abuse potential, engages a brain region–specific serotonergic pathway to produce its prosocial effect. Dissecting MDMA MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, is a psychoactive drug primarily used for recreational purposes. Because of its prosocial effects, MDMA is currently being evaluated for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Unfortunately, the rewarding addictive properties hinder the therapeutic use. Now, Heifets et al. investigated the mechanisms mediating the effects of MDMA in rodents and found that the prosocial and the rewarding effects are mediated by independent mechanisms. The prosocial effects are mediated by activation of the serotoninergic system, whereas the rewarding effect requires the activation of the dopaminergic signaling. The results pave the way for the development of more specific therapeutic intervention with less side effects. The extensively abused recreational drug (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown promise as an adjunct to psychotherapy for treatment-resistant psychiatric disease. It is unknown, however, whether the mechanisms underlying its prosocial therapeutic effects and abuse potential are distinct. We modeled both the prosocial and nonsocial drug reward of MDMA in mice and investigated the mechanism of these processes using brain region–specific pharmacology, transgenic manipulations, electrophysiology, and in vivo calcium imaging. We demonstrate in mice that MDMA acting at the serotonin transporter within the nucleus accumbens is necessary and sufficient for MDMA’s prosocial effect. MDMA’s acute rewarding properties, in contrast, require dopaminergic signaling. MDMA’s prosocial effect requires 5-HT1b receptor activation and is mimicked by d-fenfluramine, a selective serotonin-releasing compound. By dissociating the mechanisms of MDMA’s prosocial effects from its addictive properties, we provide evidence for a conserved neuronal pathway, which can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutics with limited abuse liability.
How to perform an optical CT scan: an illustrated guide

In this article, which accompanies one of the morning "refresher" sessions at the IC3D Dose 2012 conference, a workflow for optical CT scanning is described and the following steps in that workflow are illustrated: sample positioning, refractive index matching, the importance of apparatus cleanliness to the imaging process, the pre-scan and image reconstruction and post-processing.
Experimental study on human's grasping force

We investigate the human's characteristics of grasping behavior when disturbance forces, inertial forces or moment of rotation are acted on a grasped object. First we examine the grasping behavior when the inertial force of the object is generated. A subject grasps the experimental object with the thumb and index and ring fingers, and moves it up and down repeatedly in the vertical direction. Experimental results show that the human controls the grasping force to compensate for the inertial force acted from the object and uses the force which is just greater than the minimum force required for grasping the object. Next we investigate the grasping characteristics when the moment of rotation is acted on the object. The experimental object has a weight on one side so that its center of gravity is biased. As a result, it is found that the human controls the grasping force so as not to rotate the grasped object, the moment of inertia acted on the object can be cancelled successfully.
A microstrip‐line phase shifter constructed by a tunable filter

A phase shifter configuration based on a bandpass filter that can change the phase continuously is discussed. In this configuration, the phase change due to resonance is used by making variable the center frequency of a filter with a broad passband. The configuration consisting of varactor diodes loaded on a microstrip line filter with short-circuited stubs to decrease the insertion loss is studied in detail by analysis and experiment. The possibility of application to a phase shifter is verified. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(2): 25– 32, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20253
Data mining a high-speed bursty stream on a limited buffer in pseudo-stationary states

Mining a high speed bursty data stream is always a challenge on a limited size buffer. Often a relatively cheaper AMS (anytime mining solution) approach may be the only plausible scheme one could rely on at times. Mining task becomes enormously complicated when the first-level buffer has to host several dependent streams. This becomes worse when incoming data streams take time to settle down in their respective steady states. A buffer sharing and capture models are indicated for some simple situations involving multiple streams. These models could be extended to generalize a linear buffer model to a hierarchical model
Inheritance in unlikely places: using objects to build derived implementations of flat interfaces

Traditional operating systems typically provide a number of flat, non-object oriented interfaces through which system services are provided to applications. Typically such services are provided by large, monolithic implementations, with no provision for deriving related implementations through inheritance or other means. Nonetheless, it is possible to provide flexible, object oriented views of otherwise flat, non-object oriented interfaces. Furthermore, these views can be used to build new implementations of these same flat interfaces in terms of other ones. This approach can bring the benefits of objects such as enhanced and/or application specific implementations of standard services to both building and using otherwise fixed, flat interfaces which for one reson or another cannot be changed. The paper presents this paradigm and some of the benefits derived from it, citing several real systems as examples. <<ETX>>
Evaluation Of Ct Scan Results In Patients With Minor Head Trauma Based Its Indications And Final Clinical Results In Patients Referred To Emergency Department Of Namazi Hospital In 2016

Introduction: There is much controversy over whether or not to use CT scan in patients with minor traumatic brain injury. The present study was conducted aiming to examine the results of CT scan in minor traumatic brain injury on the basis of the required indications and final clinical results. Methods: A cross sectional study, the present study was conducted in the emergency section of Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Patients with traumatic brain injury and Glasgow Coma Scale scores 13 to 15 were included. The clinical and CT scan results of patients were collected, compared and analyzed using SPSS software. P-values less than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Findings: Out of 263 patients, 182 (62.6%) and 81 (30.8%) were male and female, respectively. Also, the mean age of participants was 21.36±21.79. The most prevalent indication in patients was vomiting (56.3%) and the most prevalent unnatural indication was linear skull fracture. The present study reported that there is a significant association between unnatural CT scan results and indications of loss of consciousness level (P<0.01), headache (P=0.01) and post trauma seizure (P=0.04). Conclusion: The present study came to the conclusion that the four indications, namely, consciousness level, headache, post trauma seizure and vomiting can well predict the necessity for using CT scan in patients with minor traumatic brain injury.
A 6 GHz 68 mW BiCMOS phase-locked loop

The design of a 6 GHz fully monolithic phase-locked loop fabricated in a 1 /spl mu/m, 20 GHz BiCMOS technology is described. The circuit incorporates a voltage-controlled oscillator that senses and combines the transitions in a ring oscillator to achieve a period equal to two ECL gate delays. A mixer topology is also used that exhibits full symmetry with respect to its inputs and operates with supply voltages as low as 1.5 V. Dissipating 60 mW from a 2 V supply, the circuit has a tracking range of 300 MHz, an rms jitter of 3.1 ps, and phase noise of -75 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset. >