Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efeitos transgeracionais do elevado consumo de frutose: existe uma síndrome fetal frutoólica?

Introduction: Currently non-communicable diseases are responsible for 60% of all deaths worldwide. There is evidence that many of these diseases originate from fetal programming. These include diseases related to the metabolic syndrome associated with obesity. Certain perinatal factors may interact with the fetal genome, alter the fetal-placental homeostasis, lead to persistent physiological changes, and chronic diseases in adult life, conditioning future generations. Objective: To review current evidence on the effects of high fructose consumption on the metabolism of mothers and offspring, from a long-term perspective and with transgenerational consequences. Results: In the last decades, there has been a progressive increase in the consumption of fructose, in relation to a higher consumption of processed foods, mainly sugary drinks. The metabolism of fructose differs from that of glucose, since, when consumed in high amounts, much follows the path of lipogenesis; in addition, it provides substrates for gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis. Thus, it has been suggested that high fructose diets will be a determinant of the occurrence of various chronic diseases, such as fatty liver, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, and may also lead to hypertension and dyslipidemia. Maternal obesity, by itself, is a significant predictor of childhood obesity and the development of metabolic complications in offspring. In addition, animal model studies have shown that when obesity is combined with physiological changes caused by fetal exposure to a high fructose diet, it may trigger a cycle of obesity/chronic disease, in which, daughters of obese mothers have metabolic dysfunction, become obese mothers themselves, giving rise to another generation with a risk of developing metabolic alterations. High fructose intake during pregnancy, by altering the permeability and diversity of the mother's intestinal flora, can affect the development of the fetal gut. Conclusion: Studies in animal models seem to indicate that high fructose content in diet is a determinant factor in fetal programming for some diseases of the metabolic syndrome. Evidence in humans is still sparse; studies have many biases that are difficult to solve. There are also many mechanisms to explain, yet we believe that sufficient evidence be gathered the of syndrome
The Effect of Maternity Support Garments on Alleviation of Pains and Discomforts during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

Maternity support garments (MSGs) are widely available and commonly recommended and used for alleviation of lower back pain (LBP) and pelvic girdle pain (PGP) during pregnancy; however, most studies available use the garments as a conjunct intervention with other therapies, with scarce research demonstrating the effects of the garments as a sole intervention. This study aims to review the available literature on the effects of using MSGs as sole intervention for comfort improvement of women during pregnancy, as well as to discuss the attributes of the garments which may influence their performance. A systematic review was undertaken, which adheres to PRISMA guideline for systematic reviews. Multiple databases, such as ScienceDirect, CINAHL, EBSCO, Elsevier, SCOPUS, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were electronically searched. Six studies met the inclusion criteria and covered three trial studies, two pilot studies and one observational study. Three outcome measurements were identified from the included studies: alleviation of pain, improvement of balance, and improvement of functionality and mobility. The study concluded that wearing MSGs during pregnancy could have beneficial effects in women such as LBP and PGP alleviation, improvement of functionality and mobility, and reduction of risk of fall during pregnancy; however, the mechanisms of the garments' actions as well as the duration of the garments' effectiveness are not elucidated through the studies. This study contributes to the understanding of the effects and effectiveness of the use of MSGs as a sole intervention for improvement of comfort during pregnancy as well as information about the different types of garments commercially available and the attributes that may influence the garment performance.
Projeto de um sintetizador de frequência multipadrão em tecnologia CMOS.

This work presents the design of a frequency synthesizer achieving the specifications of the GSM and Bluetooth standards. The frequency synthesizer is based on a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) of N-fractional architecture using a Σ∆ modulator. In the first step of the frequency synthesizer design an algorithm for the frequency plan, considering the multistandard characteristic of the synthesizer, was proposed. The design of the building blocks of the PLL (VCO, frequency dividers, Σ∆ modulator, PFD and charge pump) is presented together with the layout and some simulation results. Geometric programming was applied to the VCO design. Finally, an strategy for the filter design achieving the frequency synthesizer specifications was proposed. The designed synthesizer was fabricated in the 0. 35μm CMOS process of AMS (Austria Micro Systems). All the PLL components were integrated on-chip including the VCO and the filter, the occupied area was 0.9mm2 with the pads. The designed circuit has a low power consumption of 14mW using a 3V voltage supply. The phase noise measured for GSM (FOUT=902.6MHz) was -114dBc/Hz@400kHz and for Bluetooth (FOUT=2.44GHz) was -121dBc/Hz@3MHz. The transient response of the PLL when switching from the first to the last channel for each standard was tested, the lock time measured in GSM was 208μs and 157μs in Bluetooth. The main objective of the multistandard operation sharing most of the blocks between all the standards was achieved. The measured performance characteristics show excelent agreement with the simulated values, implying that the strategies used in the design, simulation and testing of the frequency synthesizer were succesfull. The results were compared with other published works showing that the synthesizer designed in this work has a lower power consumption and smaller area.
Are Syringe Exchange Programs Helpful or Harmful? New Evidence in the Wake of the Opioid Epidemic

In light of the recent opioid crisis, many public health entities have called for an expansion in syringe exchange programs (SEPs), which provide access to sterile syringes and facilitate safe needle disposal for injection drug users. This paper investigates the effects of recent SEP openings on HIV diagnoses and drug-related overdoses in the wake of the opioid crisis. I find that SEP openings decrease HIV diagnoses by up to 18.2 percent. However, I present new evidence that SEPs increase rates of opioid-related mortality and hospitalizations, suggesting that needle exchanges alone may be less effective than other interventions at stimulating recovery.
Anemia and iron deficiency among chronic kidney disease Stages 3–5ND patients in the Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study: often unmeasured, variably treated

Abstract Background International variation in anemia assessment and management practices in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of anemia laboratory monitoring, prevalence and management in the prospective Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (CKDopps). A total of 6766 participants with CKD Stages 3a–5ND from nephrology clinics in Brazil, France, Germany and the USA were included. Results Among patients with anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dL), 36–58% in Brazil, the USA and Germany had repeat hemoglobin measured and 40–61% had iron indices measured within 3 months of the index hemoglobin measurement. Anemia was more common in the USA and Brazil than in France and Germany across CKD stages. Higher ferritin and lower iron saturation (TSAT) levels were observed with lower hemoglobin levels, and higher ferritin with more advanced CKD. The proportion of anemic patients with ferritin <100 ng/mL or TSAT <20% ranged from 42% in Brazil to 53% in France and Germany, and of these patients, over 40% in Brazil, Germany and the USA, compared with 27% in France, were treated with oral or intravenous iron within 3 months after hemoglobin measurement. The proportion of patients with hemoglobin <10 g/dL treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents ranged from 28% in the USA to 57% in Germany. Conclusions Hemoglobin and iron stores are measured less frequently than per guidelines. Among all regions, there was a substantial proportion of anemic patients with iron deficiency who were not treated with iron, highlighting an area for practice improvement in CKD care.
Breast Cancer-Targeted Delivery of Tumor Suppressor Genes, Oncogene-Specific siRNAs, and Anti-Cancer Drug Using Inorganic Nanoparticles

The performance of carbonate apatite nanoparticles (CA NPs) -mediated gene or drug delivery in terms of design and efficacy to treat breast cancer with limited side effects, has been evaluated in this research. In particular, this study had explored the effects of individual and combined delivery of a) tumor suppressor genes, such as p53, p21, BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN and apoptotic genes related to caspase pathway like, caspase 2, caspase 3, caspase 7 and caspase 8; b) siRNAs-targeting oncogenes, i.e. PRKCA, NF-κB1 and c) traditional anti-cancer drug, vinblastine using biodegradable inorganic CA NPs, on reduction of cellular growth in breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Molecular Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clinical Isolates at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most frequent opportunistic pathogens causing a range of infections and being resistant for beta-lactamases (ESBL) and Carbapenemases. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular characterization establishing the phenotypes and genotypes associated with drug resistance, an antibiogram of genotypically positive isolates for resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in clinical isolates at MRRH. Materials and Methods: A laboratory-based descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted from September 2018 to May 2019 at MRRH. Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified by cultural and biochemical methods. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae was tested by double-disc synergy test, Carbapenemase production by MHT, Boronic Acid or EDTA test using Meropenem phenotypically and both resistance confirmed genotypically by Multiplex PCR. Results: Out of 1055 clinical isolates, 298 (28.2%) were found positive for Klebsiella.spp, 175 isolates were subcultured among which 22 (12.57%) were K. pneumoniae based on API 20E. Overall Sensitivity patterns of these Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to Ceftriaxone, (Amoxicillin/Clavulanate), Gentamicin, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Cefoxitin, Nitrofurantoin, Cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, Meropenem, Ceftazidime and cefotaxime were 72.7%, 63.7%, 54.5%, 45.5%, 31.8%, 31.8%, 27.3%, 27.3%, 22.7%, 22.7%, 18.2%, 9.1%, 9.1% respectively. ESBL producing K. pneumoniae was found at 68.18% (15/22) phenotypically. Genotypically; the ESBL genes were blaCTX-M (100%), blaSHV (80%) and blaTEM (100; 47%); 8/15 (73.3%) had CTX-M, SHV, TEM, 4/15 (26.67%) CTX-M, TEM, 3/15 (20.00%) CTX-M and SHV. Carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae was found at 31.82% (7/22) phenotypically; 1/7 (14.28%) by MHT, 4/7 (57.14%) Boronic acid test and 2/7 (28.58%) EDTA test. Genotypically; 3/4 [(75%) 42.86%] had OXA-48, 1/4 [(25%) 14.28%] OXA-48 and KPC gene, 1/2 [(50%) 14.28%] KPC and VIM, 1/2 [(50%) 14.28%] KPC and KPC gene [(100%) 14.28%]. Conclusion/Recommendations: DDS to be used for ESBL production, MHT, Boronic Acid test and EDTA tests using Meropenem/or Imipenem for Carbapenemase-production routinely.
Individualized and Global Feature Attributions for Gradient Boosted Trees in the Presence of 𝓁2 Regularization

While $\ell_2$ regularization is widely used in training gradient boosted trees, popular individualized feature attribution methods for trees such as Saabas and TreeSHAP overlook the training procedure. We propose Prediction Decomposition Attribution (PreDecomp), a novel individualized feature attribution for gradient boosted trees when they are trained with $\ell_2$ regularization. Theoretical analysis shows that the inner product between PreDecomp and labels on in-sample data is essentially the total gain of a tree, and that it can faithfully recover additive models in the population case when features are independent. Inspired by the connection between PreDecomp and total gain, we also propose TreeInner, a family of debiased global feature attributions defined in terms of the inner product between any individualized feature attribution and labels on out-sample data for each tree. Numerical experiments on a simulated dataset and a genomic ChIP dataset show that TreeInner has state-of-the-art feature selection performance. Code reproducing experiments is available at https://github.com/nalzok/TreeInner .
A clinical study of serum lipid profile in benign breast disease in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate an association of serum lipid profile in women with benign breast disease and to analyze a possible relationship between serum lipid profile and benign breast diseases with emphasis to laboratory findings.Methods: Hospital based study carried out at ACS Medical College, Chennai, during the period of June 2018 to November 2018. 75 women in General Surgery ward/outpatient were included in the study. Subjects included in the study were women of age between 16 to 35 years, provided they fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. History was noted, serum lipid profile was done. Results were noted and analysed.Results: Out of 75 subjects, 21.3% of women with benign breast disease were having elevated serum lipid profile.Conclusions: It is concluded that benign breast disease is associated with altered serum lipid profile namely hyperlipidemia. Therefore, routine screening and treatment of this condition is must among women with benign breast disease by dietary management, use of anti-hyperlipidemic drugs to achieve long lasting cure and to prevent possible future recurrences.
The Effective Methods for Motor Imagery

The corticospinal excitability during motor imagery may result from an increase in MEP amplitude measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation [4,5]. However, H-reflex, T-wave, and F-wave, which are used as indices of excitability of spinal neural function during motor imagery, were not measured in these studies [6-9]. Kasai et al. [8] reported that the amplitude of the H-reflex of the radial flexor muscle during motor imagery with wrist flexion did not increase, whereas the amplitude of MEPs increased. In addition, Oishi et al. [9] reported that the amplitude of the H-reflex during motor imagery decreased in a speed skater. These reports indicate that motor imagery cannot increase the excitability of spinal neurons.
Ising formulation of integer optimization problems for utilizing quantum annealing in iterative improvement strategy

Quantum annealing is a heuristic algorithm for searching the ground state of an Ising model. Heuristic algorithms aim to obtain near-optimal solutions with a reasonable computation time. Accordingly, many algorithms have so far been proposed. In general, the performance of heuristic algorithms strongly depends on the instance of the combinatorial optimization problem to be solved because they escape the local minima in different ways. Therefore, combining several algorithms to exploit their complementary strength is effective for obtaining highly accurate solutions for a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems. However, quantum annealing cannot be used to improve a candidate solution obtained by other algorithms because it starts from an initial state where all spin configurations are found with a uniform probability. In this study, we propose an Ising formulation of integer optimization problems to utilize quantum annealing in the iterative improvement strategy. Our formulation exploits the biased sampling of degenerated ground states in transverse magnetic field quantum annealing. We also analytically show that a first-order phase transition is successfully avoided for a fully connected ferromagnetic Potts model if the overlap between a ground state and a candidate solution exceeds a threshold. The proposed formulation is applicable to a wide range of integer optimization problems and enables us to hybridize quantum annealing with other optimization algorithms.
Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction After Decompression Surgery Without Fusion for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objectives: Decompression without fusion is a standard surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with reasonable surgical outcomes. Nevertheless, some studies have reported low patient satisfaction (PS) following decompression surgery. The cause of the discrepancy between reasonable clinical outcomes and PS is unknown; moreover, the factors associated with PS are expected to be complex, and little is known about them. This study aimed to identify satisfaction rate and to clarify the factors related to PS following decompression surgery in LSS patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 126 patients who underwent lumbar decompression with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the PS question. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores of low back pain (LBP), leg pain, and leg numbness were compared between the 2 groups preoperatively and at the latest visit. To identify the prognostic factors for dissatisfaction, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Overall satisfaction rate was 75%. The JOA recovery rate, NRS improvement, and Short Form–8 (SF-8) were significantly higher in the satisfied group. Postoperative NRS scores of LBP, leg pain, and leg numbness were significantly lower in the satisfied group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking and scoliosis were significant risk factors for dissatisfaction. Conclusions: Overall satisfaction rate was 75% in patients with LSS undergoing decompression surgery. This study found that smoking status and scoliosis were associated with patient dissatisfaction following decompression in LSS patients.
Facial Emotions Recognition using Gabor Transform and Facial Animation Parameters with Neural Networks

The paper proposed an automatic facial emotion recognition algorithm which comprises of two main components: feature extraction and expression recognition. The algorithm uses a Gabor filter bank on fiducial points to find the facial expression features. The resulting magnitudes of Gabor transforms, along with 14 chosen FAPs (Facial Animation Parameters), compose the feature space. There are two stages: the training phase and the recognition phase. Firstly, for the present 6 different emotions, the system classifies all training expressions in 6 different classes (one for each emotion) in the training stage. In the recognition phase, it recognizes the emotion by applying the Gabor bank to a face image, then finds the fiducial points, and then feeds it to the trained neural architecture.
The Increased Interaction of Parents can Prevent Smoking Behavior and Alcohol Consumption of Adolescents in Indonesia

: A problem that often occurs in adolescents is their relationship with their parents. When the quality of interaction with parents is reduced, adolescents tend to prefer smoking behavior and consumption of alcohol. Cigarette and alcohol consumption can cause addiction and affect development in adolescent health. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between parents’ interaction with smoking behavior and alcohol consumption among adolescents. The design in this study was cross-sectional with simple random sampling. The result of sample calculation with power analysis obtained a sample equal to 744. Data collection was carried out with online questionnaires using Google Forms. PACHIQ-R was used for the parent interaction variable, and for smoking behavior and alcohol consumption questionnaires were used that had been tested for validity and reliability and analyzed used by a chi-square test. Independent and dependent variables are parent interaction, smoking behavior, and alcohol consumption. The results showed a significant relation between parent interaction and smoking behavior (p = 0.044). Existence of parent interaction relation with alcohol consumption behavior (p = 0.00.). Improvement of parent interaction with children can increase the intensity of time children spend with parents and parents’ love, and improve their relationship, and teen sex will affect the quality of relationship between parents and adolescents.
Efficient Global Occupancy Mapping for Mobile Robots using OpenVDB

—In this work we present a fast occupancy map building approach based on the VDB datastructure. Existing log-odds based occupancy mapping systems are often not able to keep up with the high point densities and framerates of modern sensors. Therefore, we suggest a highly optimized approach based on a modern datastructure coming from a computer graphic background. A multithreaded insertion scheme allows occupancy map building at unprecedented speed. Multiple optimizations allow for a customizable tradeoff between runtime and map quality. We ﬁrst demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach quantitatively on a set of ablation studies and typical benchmark sets, before we practically demonstrate the system using a legged robot and a UAV.
The prognostic value of the postoperative serum CEA levels/preoperative serum CEA levels ratio in colorectal cancer patients with high preoperative serum CEA levels

Purpose This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of the postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels/preoperative serum CEA levels ratio (CEA ratio) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with high preoperative serum CEA levels and to identify the optimal prognostic cutoff value. Patients and methods The medical records of 187 CRC patients in a single center who underwent surgery between September 2012 and September 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. CEA ratio was defined as the ratio between the postoperative serum CEA and preoperative serum CEA. The optimal cutoff values for the CEA ratio were determined by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact probability test were used to test the correlation between CEA ratio and clinicopathological characteristics. Univariate, multivariate, and subgroup Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to identify independent prognostic factors. Kaplan–Meier method was used for establishing survival curves. Results The median follow-up time was 62 months (range 3–88 months). The optimal CEA ratio cutoff value closely related to disease-free survival was 0.295. In the Chi-square test, the CEA ratio was associated with pN stage (p=0.003) and postoperative CEA (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the CEA ratio was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (p=0.003, HR 2.300 [95% CI: 1.326–3.988]) and cancer-special survival (p=0.003, HR 2.525 [95% CI: 1.381–4.614]). The CEA ratio reflected the prognosis of CRC patients more accurately than postoperative CEA levels alone, and the CEA ratio of 0.295 was more likely to reflect the prognosis than other cutoff values. Conclusion The CEA ratio is a simple and useful tool for further forecasting the prognosis of CRC patients with high preoperative CEA levels and may help develop strategies for the postoperative treatment of CRC patients.