Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS WITH SECOND LINE ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG REGIMEN

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because of treatment failure with first line ART, second line ART is being instituted in 10 Centers of excellence in our country, Gandhi hospital being one of them. Aims & Objectives: The aim of this study is to gain knowledge on the profile of ADR associated with second line ARV drugs, the burden of adverse drug reactions of second line ART in our setup and factors associated with it, with the ultimate goal of improving the tolerability and effectiveness of HIV treatment. Material & Methods: Institution based cross sectional study conducted using review of clinical records and follow up of adult patients started on second line ART from May 2010 to April 2011 at GANDHI Hospital. All adult AIDS patients of either sex aged greater than or equal to 20 years who were registered for second line anti-retroviral treatment at GANDHI Hospital were included in the study. The clinical records of study subjects were reviewed retrospectively for ADRs. Information on patient’s details, the WHO clinical staging of the disease at the start of ART, duration of treatment, drug details, nature of the adverse drug reactions, severity, outcome, and results of investigations performed were collected using a data collection format (Annex I). Data were collected from May 2010 to April 2011. Results: 58 cases were included in the study. 58 cases were included in the study. Among the total 58 patients who were on second line ARV drugs, ADRs were reported in 44 (75.86percent) patients (Table 3). The most frequently observed ADRs were nausea (12.25percent), followed by insomnia (10.29percent), loss of appetite (9.31percent) malaise (7.35percent) and vomiting (7.35percent). Out of the 44 patients who developed ADRs, 20 (45.45 percent) patients were grade II, whereas grade I and III ADRs occurred in 9 (20.45percent) and 15 (34.09percent) of the patients respectively. Grade IV was reported in none of the patients. No ADRs were noted in 14 (24.14percent) patients. Out of 44 patients who had ADRs, 32 patients (72.73percent) had less than 5 ADRs and 12 patients (27.27percent) had more than 5 ADRs. Conclusion: Second line anti-retroviral drugs are expensive, and the majority of the world's infected individuals do not have access to medications and treatments for HIV and AIDS. Though second line ART regimens are associated with mild to moderate ADRs, these are most effective regimens as they improved CD4 counts and reduced viral load significantly. Keyword: NACO, HIV, Immunodeficiency, Second line, Side effects, Regimen, Reporting
Mesioangular impacted lower third molars: angulation before and after orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction

Impaction of the lower third molars is due to the lack of space in the retromolar pad. Extraction of premolars in orthodontic treatment helps the uprighting of mesioangular impacted third molars so that they can erupt normally. The aim of this study was to measure changes in angulation during orthodontic treatment of mesioangular impacted lower third molars. This retrospective, cross-sectional analytical study used 25 samples of panoramic radiographs from patients aged 10–21 years before and after orthodontic treatment. Angulation was measured using the long axis of the lower second molars as the reference plane. The Wilcoxon test and paired t-test (p < 0.05) showed no significant changes in lower third molar angulation on both sides (p > 0.05). Radiographs showed a tendency for an increase in angulation, although the change was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These increases occurred most frequently in the adult group (17–21 years old). It can be concluded that the extraction of premolars in orthodontic treatment did not significantly affect the angulation of impacted third molars.
Resurgence of interest in the hemodynamic alterations of advanced heart failure

Historically, cardiac insufficiency has always being allocated to be the culprit lesion of the heart failure syndrome. However, contemporary heart failure pharmacotherapy solely focuses on preservation of neurohormonal homeostasis. The research described in this manuscript is the result of thorough investigation of the hemodynamic alterations of hundreds of patients admitted for advanced decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Firstly, our data suggest that progressive cardiac insufficiency and hemodynamic derangements assessed through invasive hemodynamic monitoring, are still contributing to short- and long-term compromise, and this independent of race or gender. In addition, we demonstrated that restoring an optimal hemodynamic balance with add-on afterload reduction provides incremental intermediate- and long-term benefits over evidence based neurohormonal blockade alone. Indeed parental vasodilator therapy with sodium nitroprusside can be safely administered to achieve more hemodynamic improvement in patients presenting with ADHF. In addition, the institution of a more aggressive oral vasodilator regimen with isosorbide diniatrate / hydralazine over standard neurohormonal antagonists at the time of discharge after an episode of ADHF can safely maintain these hemodynamic improvements leading to improved outcomes. Another novel insight comes from the notice that venous congestion and raised intra-abdominal pressure, more than impaired cardiac output, seem to be related to the development of worsening renal function in patients admitted with ADHF. Treatment strategies with the aim of better renal preservation should therefore focus how to safely reduce this renal venous congestion with diuretic therapy, ultrafiltration or paracentesis whenever indicated. Finally, we demonstrated that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) really acts as a novel "hemodynamic therapy" for advanced heart failure patients even in the patient population previously categorized as "non-responders". Moreover, we have proven that the phenotypic improvement in heart failure status after prolonged CRT is paralleled by a reversed left ventricualr remodeling and recovery of left ventricular contractility. Thus, prolonged (hemodynamic) unloading of the heart will lead to physiological changes on the myocyte level in hearts once destined to only further deteriorate.
The impact of a nutrition counseling program on the use of hospital services for Meals on Wheels clients

Abstract Home-delivered meals have shown considerable promise in overcoming nutritional challenges among homebound older adults facing food insecurity and the risk of diabetes, while nutrition counseling provides knowledge and skills for diabetes management. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of a program combining nutrition counseling with home-delivered meals by examining the use of hospital services 6 months before and after participating in the program. This study included 1009 clients who are at risk for diabetes and who received home-delivered meals and nutrition counseling via Meals on Wheels in Fort Worth, Texas. Hospital service data were extracted from a regional claims database. Generalized linear models were performed to examine changes in use of hospital services 6 months before and after program participation. The mean number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations decreased from 0.69 to 0.50 (p < .001) and from 0.35 to 0.22 (p < .001), respectively. The findings of this study indicate that combining structured nutritional counseling with home-delivered meals may contribute to reducing healthcare use among older adults facing the challenges of diabetes and food insecurity.
Holter monitoring parameters in assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension and obesity

The purpose of the study was to analyze the features of the Holter monitoring parameters and their significance in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension and obesity. The Holter’s was performed by 82 patients with hypertension aged 38 to 76 years (34 men and 48 women). The investigation was carried out on the diagnostic complex SDM 23 "X-TECHNO" in 24-hour. There were 4 groups of patients depending on the body mass index (BMI): 1st with normal body weight, 2nd with overweight, 3rd with obesity I degree, 4th with obesity II-III degree. Based on the results obtained, a combination of hypertension and overweight or obesity is characterized by changes in heart rate variability. This indicates a vegetative imbalance with a weakened activity of the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. These changes are manifested by a decrease in SDNN 24 and rMSSD, total spectrum power (TF) due to the HF component, an increase in the mean daily heart rate, and statistically significantly higher values of the vagosympathetic interaction index (LF/HF). Smoothing of the circadian rhythm of the heart in patients with hypertension depends on the presence and degree of obesity. The prolongation of the QT interval corrected for heart rate and the presence of ventricular rhythm disturbances of high grades recorded a statistically significantly larger number of individuals in the group of patients with obesity. These rhythm disturbances can be regarded as potentially malignant or malignant according to the risk stratification of J.T. Bigger. 54 S.V. Ivanchenko, O.M. Kovalyova and T.M. Pasiieshvili
Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Antitumor Therapy

This paper will review the possibilities of EUS guided anti-tumor therapy. Ablative energy may be delivered to a tumor under EUS guidance to destruct tumor cells by ultrasound itself, radiofrequency or radiation. Pilot results of endoscopic high intensity focused ultrasound in a human trial have been reported. The feasibility of performing EUS guided radiofrequency ablation has been reported in a swine model. An EUS bases radiation target simulation method has been developed for anal cancer therapy. Targeted delivery of an anti-cancer agent into a tumor under EUS guidance is possible as reported in an early clinical trial of local immunotherapy (Cytoimplant) or modified viruses delivered by EUS guided fine needle injection in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Image guided injection of alcohol is another approach used for local tumor ablation. Application of other ablation therapies such as laser, microwave and cryo is also conceptually feasible. We will have to wait and see where these initial and ongoing attempts for applying EUS against cancer take us.
Central monoamine dysfunction in diabetes: psychotherapeutic implications: electroanalysis by voltammetry.

The effects of chemically, i.e., streptozotocin-induced diabetes or induced hyperglycemia on dopamine and serotonin release in striatum were examined in vivo in rats by employing voltammetry. In the acutely diabetic state, an increased (67%) striatal dopamine release was seen, whereas in the chronically diabetic state, striatal dopamine release was increased, but not to the same extent (19%). The acutely diabetic rat, in which electrochemical signals for serotonin were studied 3 days after the single intraperitoneal injection of STZ, responded with a significant increased release of serotonin (62%). Chronically diabetic rats showed a reversal of serotonin release to basal values. When L-tryptophan was injected in nondiabetic rats, the results showed a decrease (45%) in striatal dopamine release. Injection of L-tryptophan into nondiabetic rats produced a significant increase (25%) over control values in the striatal release of serotonin. The maximum increase was most evident 90 min after injection and the increase remained elevated an additional 90 min. Long term diabetic animals showed a significant decrease (73%) in striatal dopamine release after L-tryptophan. Long term diabetes produced a significant inhibition of serotonin release over control values to 70% below baseline levels. The effects of hyperglycemia on non-diabetic rats were a decreased (52%) striatal dopamine release and an increased (304%) striatal serotonin release. These changes imply that the untreated diabetic state is associated with progressive impairment of neurotransmitter release. These data can be interpreted as implying that mood changes may be related to impaired neurotransmitter availability in the diabetic state.
[NF-kB activation as a molecular basis of pathological process by metabolic syndrome].

: The paper examines the formation of evolutionary advanced causal factors set in modern conditions which may cause new pathological condition (state), being implemented through evolutionary fixed and standard pathological processes. The analysis of the notion of "metabolic syndrome" and its components has been performed. The correlation between insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and dyslipidemia has been indicated as the manifestations of one pathologic process, the central molecular basis of which is the activation of NF-kB. At the current stage it has been suggested to set up the conception of NF-kB permanent (long-lasting, low grade) activation as a possible model of pathological process.
Relationships between somatosensory amplification, health anxiety, and low back pain among pregnant women

The phenomenon of pain has been the most interested but yet to be still less untangled issue in medical practice. About half of women report some degree of pain in the pelvic region and/or low back pack pain during pregnancy (1). Even though pain during pregnancy can have marked consequences in health and functioning, clinical management of pain during pregnancy can be relatively baffling (2). Pregnant women may suffer from low back pain which may commence immediate to second trimester and persist through the postpartum period (3). Potential accounts for low back pain in pregnant women generally focus on pelvic joints, ligaments, and biomechanical and physiological alterations in muscles. Elevations in relaxin production, changes in posture during pregnancy, and loosening in ligaments are several of these etiological accounts of low back pain morbidity (4). International Association of the Study of Pain (IASP) defined pain as “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. ” (5). As emphasized by the definition, biomedically assessed physiopathology of pain is associated with emotional processes, reflecting psychosocial aspect of the phenomenon (6). Pain is more than a specific sensory stimulus and interactional effects of neurophysiological, biochemical, psychosocial, behavioral, cognitive, motivational and environmental determinants evolves into a subjective experience. Therefore, experiences central to pain may considerably discern from the initial stimulus that triggers the sensation (7,8). In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship of low back pain with anxiety, depression, health anxiety and somatosensory amplification in pregnant women. ABSTRACT
Corn borers (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae; Crambidae) in Northwestern Spain: Population dynamics and distribution

Corn borers are an important maize (Zea mays L.) pest in northwestern Spain. In order to use meth- ods of control or to breed plant material against corn bor- ers it is necessary to know the life cycle and behavior of this pest. The objectives of this work were to complete the study of the incidence of corn borers in northwestern Spain, to study the behavior of the two species of corn borers inside the plant, and to relate the abundance of borers with climatic factors. To monitor the incidence of the corn borers, data were taken in four localities of the northwest of Spain, during seven years (1997-2003). Sesamia nonagrioides is the most important pest in the coast. Ostrinia nubilalis is as important as S. nonagrioides in the inlands. There were two generations of both borers but a third generation can occur. Damage could hardly be predicted from studying the abundance of adults. S. nona- grioides and O. nubilalis had the same distribution inside the plant and it seems that both species can coexist.
Cytogenetic findings in peripheral T-cell lymphomas as a basis for distinguishing low-grade and high-grade lymphomas.

Cytogenetic studies on lymph node and skin biopsy specimens and peripheral blood in 104 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTL) were compared with histopathologic diagnoses made according to the updated Kiel classification. Low-grade lymphomas presented normal metaphases more frequently than high-grade ones (P < .0001). This difference remained significant if cases with greater than 10% and greater than 50% normal metaphases in unstimulated cultures and in cultures stimulated by different mitogens were compared. On the other hand, high-grade lymphomas more often showed aberrant clones (P < .05), triploid to tetraploid clones (P < .0001), and complex clones with more than four chromosome changes (P < .01). Low-grade PTL showed consistent cytogenetic features. Clones with both inv(14)(q11q32.1) and trisomy 8q, mostly caused by i(8q)(q10), were found in all cases of T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (T-CLL) and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). Trisomy 3 was observed only in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD)-type PTL, T-zone lymphoma, and lymphoepithelioid lymphoma. Moreover, the proportion of normal metaphases in these PTL was higher than in the other low-grade PTL (P < .01). On the contrary, T-CLL, T-PLL, and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) showed complex clones (P < .0001), duplications in 6p (P < .01), deletions in 6q (P < .01), trisomy 8q (P < .00001), inv(14) (P < .00001), and monosomy 13 or changes of 13q14 (P < .001) more frequently than the other low-grade PTL. Trisomy 5 and + X predominated in AILD-type PTL. A cytogenetic feature characteristic of AILD-type PTL and CTCL was unrelated clones, which were found in 15% of AILD-type PTL and 17% of CTCL. The only chromosome aberration restricted to a certain high-grade PTL was t(2;5)(p23;q35) in large-cell anaplastic lymphoma. Deletions in 6q, total or partial trisomies of 7q, and monosomy 13 or changes of 13q14 turned out to be significantly more frequent in high-grade than in low-grade lymphomas (P < .01, P < .01, and P < .05, respectively). In summary, the cytogenetic findings in our series of 104 PTL enabled us to distinguish not only between low-grade and high-grade lymphomas but also between various entities of PTL. Thus, the cytogenetic findings paralleled the histopathologic diagnoses made according to the updated Kiel classification.
Non-communicable diseases: unwelcome in Ethiopia

Introduction Ethiopia faces the unenviable threat of a triple burden of disease: infectious or communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and injuries are steadily increasing and pose risks the lives of Ethiopians. The problems are particularly apparent in urban centers of the country. With the expansion of urbanization (1), booming construction activities and limited commensurate social infrastructures, urban centers exhibit complex public health problems. The unprecedented pace at which urbanization is expanding in Ethiopia (1) poses challenges not only for addressing existing (infectious/communicable) diseases but also for emerging ones, as well as the fast-growing NCDs and injuries.
Differential Effects of Anti-Fas Ligand and Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor α Antibodies on Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease Pathologies

Both tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and Fas ligand (FasL) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this study, we examined the ameliorating effects of neutralizing anti-FasL and/or anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody (MoAb) in a lethal acute GVHD model in mice. Whereas the treatment with either anti-FasL or anti-TNFα MoAb alone significantly delayed the mortality and improved the body weight, a complete protection was achieved by the administration of both MoAbs. Pathological examination indicated differential effects of anti-FasL or anti-TNFα MoAb on GVHD-associated pathologies. Hepatic lesion was improved by anti-FasL but not anti-TNFα MoAb. In contrast, intestinal lesion was improved by anti-TNFα but not anti-FasL MoAb. Cutaneous and splenic lesions were improved by either MoAb. The combination of both MoAbs improved all these lesions. These results indicate that FasL and TNFα differentially contribute to the GVHD pathologies and a complete protection from mortality can be achieved by neutralization of both FasL and TNFα.
Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections

Gustavo Dias da Silva. Nurse, Specialist in Neonatology Universidade Federal Fluminense/UFF, Student of the Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem Assistencial/MPEA/EEAAC/UFF, Member of Núcleo de Pesquisas em Cidadania e Gerência em Enfermagem/NECIGEN. Director of Nursing of the School-Maternity from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: gustavodias@me.ufrj. br Viviane Saraiva de Almeida. Nurse, Specialist in Collective Health/ENSP/FIOCRUZ and Pediatrics/Neonatology/Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/UERJ, Master’s Student of the Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Saúde Materno-Infantil/MESP-MI/Medicine Faculty Universidade Federal Fluminense/UFF, Vice-director of Nursing of the School-Maternity from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: vivianesaraiva@hotmail.com Danielle Lemos Querido. Nurse, Specialist in Oncology/INCA, Student of the Post-Graduate Program in Nursing from Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery/EEAN-UFRJ, Coordinator of Nursing of the School-Maternity Neonatal Unit form Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: daniellelemos@ig.com. br Ana Paula Vieira dos Santos Esteves. Nurse, Master in Nursing/UNIRIO, Doctorate’s Student of the Programa de Bioética, Ética Aplicada e Saúde Coletiva/PPGBIOS, Coordinator Multidisciplinary Integrated Residency Program in Perinatal Health of the Maternity School from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: serraenf@uol.com. br Juciene Paiva Oliveira dos Santos. Nurse, Resident in Perinatal Health Multidisciplinary Integrated Residency Program of the Maternity School from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: jucienfa@hotmail.com Tatiana Flávio Rezende. Nurse, Resident in Perinatal Health Multidisciplinary Integrated Residency Program of the Maternity School from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. E-mail: tatianafrezende@gmail.com
Multivariate Time Series Forecasting for Remaining Useful Life of Turbofan Engine Using Deep-Stacked Neural Network and Correlation Analysis

This paper proposes a deep model structure to improve the prediction accuracy of remaining useful life (RUL) of the turbofan engine by using the correlation analysis that reduces the model complexity. The proposed model maximizes the performance by appropriately stacking one dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and bidirectional LSTM algorithm. It also includes residual network and dropout technique to improve the learning ability of the proposed model. The result of RUL forecasting using the proposed model is compared with that of various conventional methods, which demonstrates better efficiency yet high performance thanks to excluding the low correlated data.