Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from a Dairy Cattle Shed in Japan

To clarify the nature and characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from dairy cattle within a cattle shed located in Chiba, Japan, air samples were collected and analyzed for the four seasons in 2017–2018. Thirty-four VOCs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In addition, air temperature and relative humidity inside and outside of the shed were monitored during each sampling campaign to estimate the ventilation rate of the shed. The average concentrations of total VOCs (μg m−3) in the shed in each season were 50.5 (spring), 128.4 (summer), 168.8 (autumn), and 199.5 (winter). Ketones were always the most dominant components followed by alcohols and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The sum of ketones, alcohols, and VFAs accounted for more than 80% of the total VOCs in all seasons. Acetone, 3-pentanone, 1-butanol, and acetic acid were the major components regardless of the season, accounting for more than 60% of the total VOCs. The average emission rates of total VOCs from the shed (μg h−1 kg−1) were calculated to be 623 (spring), 1520 (summer), 585 (autumn) and 469 (winter). The emission rates of almost all the VOCs except alcohols increased exponentially with increase of air temperature in the shed. The ranges of the emission rates for each class of chemical (μg h−1 kg−1) were 39–170 (VFAs), 247–913 (ketones), 65–134 (alcohols), 40–122 (phenols), 10–122 (aldehydes), 4.17–22.3 (sulfur compounds), and 0.0067–0.74 (indoles). Furthermore, the annual emissions of VOCs for a single dairy cattle and for the cattle shed were estimated to be 5.5 kg and 44 kg, respectively.
Outdoor RF spectral study available from cell-phone towers in sub-urban areas for ambient RF energy harvesting

In this paper, outdoor RF spectral survey results in a sub-urban area are demonstrated. this work was carried out to explore and define the ambient RF signal sources available in the populated environment so as to select the frequency bands most suitable for designing RF energy harvesting circuits. Referring to the Egyptian frequency allocation chart, the ambient RF power sources within the spectrum of 0.5 to 2.2 GHz has been detected and measured to cover the mobile downlink frequency bands (2G, 3G and 4G) and the digital TV broadcasting bands which represent the most favourable frequencies for ambient RF energy harvesting circuits which is convenient for outdoor applications that needs power supply source in the range of microwatts. According to the available parameters of the cellular network standards, the measurement results were compared with the analytical empirical path loss propagation models focusing on sub-urban areas which provide an estimation of the median path loss as a function of distance and the urban terrain classification. The models that are discussed in this paper are HATA Model, Ericsson Model and ITU-R Model. It is found that HATA model can be used to give the best predictions with minimum error for losses and received power levels. Based on the measured data, a designer can decide the maximum distance away from a cell-phone tower that meets certain detection sensitivity. This study is useful for ambient RF energy harvesting designers.
Perfil clínico de los pacientes alérgicos atendidos en la unidad de pediatría del Hospital General de México, SSA

Objective: To establish the relation between the familiar antecedent of atopic disease, characteristics of feeding, frequency of exhibition towards environmental allergens and the allergic diseases in patients taken care of in the unit of Pediatria of the General Hospital of Mexico. To identity the main agents that caused by prick skin them tests.
Clinical Characteristics of Pneumococcal Bacteremia in Adults: The Effect of Penicillin Resistance on the Mortality of Patients with Pneumococcal Bacteremia

Backgrounds : The advent of penicillin has led to the marked reduction in the mortality from pneumococcal bacteremia, however, the mortality is still relatively high in this post-antibiotic era. Actually the prevalence of infection due to penicillin-resistant penumococci is increasing worldwide, and it is especially high in Korea due to irrelevant use of antibiotics. So, the high mortality of pneumococcal sepsis might be related to the emergence of penicillin-resistant strains, however, many other antibiotics, which eradicate pneumococci effectively, are available in these days. This has led us to suspect the role of penicillin-resistance in the high mortality rate. In this study, we evaluated the effect of penicillin resistance on the mortality of patients with penumococcal bacte remia. Methods: The study population consisted of 50 adult patients with penumococcal bacteremia who were admitted between Jan, 1990 and July, 1997. Medical records were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Most of the patients (96%) had underlying diseases. The most common local disease associated with pneumococcal bacteremia was pneumonia (42%), which was followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (14%), cholangitis (10%), meningitis (8%), liver abscess (4%), pharyngotonsillitis (4%), sinusitis (2%) and cellulitis (2%). While the overall case-fatality rate in this study was 24%, it was higher when peumococcal bacteremia was associated with pneumonia (42%) or meningitis (50%). The rate of penicillin resistance was 40%, which was increased rapidly from 1991. The rate of penicillin resistance was significantly higher in patients with the history of recent antibiotics use and hospitalization within 3 months respectively. The clinical manifestations, that is, age, severity of underlying diseases, nosocomial infection, associated local diseases, and the presence of shock or acute renal failure were not statistically different between the patients with penicillin-resistant and -sensitive pneumococcal bacteremia. The mortality of patients infected with penicillin-resistant pneumococci was not statistically different from those with penicillin-sensitive pneumococcal bacteremia. Conclusion: Penicillin resistance is not associated with high mortality in adult patients with pneumococcal bacteremia. As the overall mortality is high, active penumococcal vaccination is recommended in patients with high risk of infection.
Explicit finite difference schemes for solving the one – dimensional tsunami wave propagation equations

Because the tsunami wavelength is much longer than the sea depth, the propagation of this powerful destructive wave can be modelled by the non-linear shallow water equations (SWEs). To solve accurately these hyperbolic partial differential equations, one can resort to a variety of numerical techniques, including finite difference method (FDM) or finite volume method (FVM). In this paper, we have selected FDM, as a well verified instrument on other fluid flow problems, to estimate the tsunami wave propagation in one dimension. The ability of four explicit scheme (Forward Euler, Lax Friedrichs, Mac Cormack and Richtmyer) to solve SWEs was tested on three different test problems. Starting from the idea that a tsunami may begin as a sudden rise of a column of water, the first test represents a square or a sinusoidal pulse which breaks up into two identical waves moving in opposing directions on a constant depth seabed. In the other two test problems we simulate a tsunami wave approaching the shore on a variable seabed depth having either o steady or a highly variable slope. The numerical results allow us to assert that, in general, the used explicit schemes lead to a correct description of a tsunami wave propagation, both offshore and near the coastline. The exception is represented by the Forward Euler scheme that, due to its instability, was only used in the first test.
Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy

This addendum was approved by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards Committee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely, documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Senior Manager of Standards.
Antithrombin - III Reduces Intestinal Ischemia / Reperfusion Deleterious Effects on Kidney : A Study in Rats

Background: Mesenteric ischemia - reperfusion (I/R) is a well - known cause for both local and remote organ injuries. A natural inhibitor of serine proteases, Antithrombin - III, was previously shown to attenuate the tissue damage after local I/R in several organ systems. Here, we examined Original Research Article
THE PYROCONVECTIVE PATHWAY FOR STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR AND AEROSOL

Title of dissertation: THE PYROCONVECTIVE PATHWAY FOR STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR AND AEROSOL George P. Kablick III, Doctor of Philosophy, 2019 Dissertation directed by: Professor Zhanqing Li Department of Atmospheric & Oceanic Science Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center A detailed analysis of pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) cases is presented that explores their convective dynamics, stratospheric plume characteristics and downstream radiative effects. Satellite observations in conjunction with ground station data and radiative transfer models are used to quantify the impact that pyroCbs have on localized stratospheric aerosol and water vapor. The initial meteorological and fire conditions are explored using a cloudand aerosol-resolving model to determine the dominant mechanics driving the convection and their effects on microphysics. Results show that intense sensible heat fluxes are the dominant convection trigger over a wildfire in an unstable atmosphere. Direct observations by cloud profiling radar of the active convective stage of a pyroCb are analyzed for the first time, and comparisons with non-pyro meteorological deep convection in the same vicinity and season show that the pyroCb has an extreme delay in the growth of precipitation-sized cloud droplets to altitudes above the homogeneous freezing level. Stratospheric aerosol plume morphology is analyzed for several cases, and an empirical heat accumulation efficiency model is developed to describe observed radiatively-induced self-lofting in the stratosphere. The model results suggest pyroCb aerosol plumes are ∼ 30% efficient at converting shortwave radiative heating into sensible heating, thereby driving buoyant uplift once injected into the stratosphere. PyroCbs directly inject H2O vapor into the stratosphere, which is shown to be significantly large for two separate cases. The cloud-resolving model confirms a previous hypothesis that uniquely small ice particle microphysics can enhance stratospheric H2O in detrained convective anvils. Satellite retrieval evidence suggests plume water vapor anomalies are a result of inefficient removal of small ice particles within the detrained pyroCb anvil. Model-injected total water—represented as the sum of all ice and absolute humidity—shows at least 30% of H2O survives the convective detrainment stage, and diminishes within the evolving plume over the observation period when using satellite observations of H2O as a benchmark. In the plumes presented herein, pyroCb H2O anomalies are as large as 4±3 ppmv above the background in the lower stratosphere. Detailed line-by-line radiative transfer simulations suggest that these anomalies produce an instantaneous longwave radiative forcing up to +1.0 W m−2 at the tropopause. THE PYROCONVECTIVE PATHWAY FOR STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR AND AEROSOL
Modeling Deltaic Lobe‐Building Cycles and Channel Avulsions for the Yellow River Delta, China

River deltas grow by repeating cycles of lobe development punctuated by channel avulsions, so that over time, lobes amalgamate to produce a composite landform. Existing models have shown that backwater hydrodynamics are important in avulsion dynamics, but the effect of lobe progradation on avulsion frequency and location has yet to be explored. Herein, a quasi‐2‐D numerical model incorporating channel avulsion and lobe development cycles is developed. The model is validated by the well‐constrained case of a prograding lobe on the Yellow River delta, China. It is determined that with lobe progradation, avulsion frequency decreases, and avulsion length increases, relative to conditions where a delta lobe does not prograde. Lobe progradation lowers the channel bed gradient, which results in channel aggradation over the delta topset that is focused farther upstream, shifting the avulsion location upstream. Furthermore, the frequency and location of channel avulsions are sensitive to the threshold in channel bed superelevation that triggers an avulsion. For example, avulsions occur less frequently with a larger superelevation threshold, resulting in greater lobe progradation and avulsions that occur farther upstream. When the delta lobe length prior to avulsion is a moderate fraction of the backwater length (0.3– 0.5L‾b ), the interplay between variable water discharge and lobe progradation together set the avulsion location, and a model capturing both processes is necessary to predict avulsion timing and location. While this study is validated by data from the Yellow River delta, the numerical framework is rooted in physical relationships and can therefore be extended to other deltaic systems.
Litter Production and Decomposition in Tropical Forest

Plant litter production and decomposition is a crucial ecosystem process that defines and governs the plant-soil relationships by regulating the nutrient turnover and the build-up of soil organic matter. Litter is the principal source of organic matter for soils in the forest ecosystem. The litter, upon decomposition, makes available essential nutrients for the growth and development of a forest stand. Different tree components contain different amounts of nutrients; and build up of soil organic matter. The amount of nutrients added through litter decomposition varies with forest types, species, stand attributes, and variation in seasonal environmental conditions. Nutrient return from organic matter is estimated by the physico-chemical properties of the litter. Moreover, the rate of decomposition and the nutrient releases are highly influenced by magnitude of litter produced, litter quality and nutrients release, as well as, by climatic conditions and existing microbial communities in the soil system. Ecological impact of carbon and nutrient dynamics in the litter layer is considerable in a forest ecosystem. Litter Production and Decomposition in Tropical Forest
Exploring the links between the ethnic structure and the dwellings quality in the Romanian Danube Valley

The Romanian sector of the Danube Valley covers a large area in which the life of resident communities is shaped by the river (1,075 km long). Exploring the links between the location of different ethnic minorities and the dwelling quality supposes to process and to map the statistical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. Computing the final Dwelling Quality and Ethnic Diversity Indexes and mapping the secondary indexes offer the possibility to conclude that only two of the statistical variables assessing housing quality (dwellings connected to the water supply network and with a bathroom inside the house) show good statistical and territorial correlation with the share of Roma and Serbian minorities.
Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Enfoque de riesgo y funcionalidad familiar

INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the five most prevalent causes of death worldwide; in Mexico, it accounts for more than 10% of the hospital admissions. OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors and the kind of family functionality associated to community-acquired pneumonia among adult patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: With the prior authorization of the research and bioethics committees, a study of cases and controls took place, where both groups were asked about the following variables: alcohol consumption or active smoking, conditions of house and family functionality, anti-flu and anti-pneumococcal vaccination, disablement, and chronic pulmonary disease, among others. RESULTS: It was found that the significant variables were active smoking, disablement, pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis, overcrowding at home, and alcohol consumption; and with a protective effect for this disease: a functional family and anti-pneumococcal vaccination. CONCLUSION: There are risk factors that predispose the development of community-acquired pneumonia, and that allow us to make a population profile in which some preventive strategy could diminish the frequency and lethality of this disease.
Impacts des pratiques culturales sur le fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes dans le bassin versant de Tougou au Burkina Faso

1 Doctorant, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), oumar.zoure@2ie-edu.org 2 Professeur, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), harouna.karambiri@2ie-edu.org 3 Docteur, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), dial.niang@2ie-edu.org 4 Docteur, Haute Ecole d’Ingénierie et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud (HEIG-VD), pierre.queloz@heig-vd.ch 5 Docteur, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), mahamadou.koita@2ie-edu.org 6 Docteur, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), tazen.fowe@2ie-edu.org 7Professeur, Haute Ecole d’Ingénierie et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud (HEIG-VD), david.consuegra@heig-vd.ch 8 Doctorant, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), ousmane.yonaba@2ie-edu.org Résumé :
THU0341 Assessment of art therapy program for women with fibromyalgia: Randomized, controlled, blinded study

Background Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory syndrome characterized by diffuse pain throughout the body, sleep disorder, stiffness, fatigue, depression and other psychological problems. Patients with FM feel incapable of performing the majority of activities of daily living. Medication offers only short-term benefits. Thus, it is necessary to include other measures for treatment, such as physical activity and patient education. Art therapy combine the field of psychology with artistic activities, working with therapeutic and instructive aspects as well as the potential for personal growth contained in all forms of art. Objectives The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of an art therapy program for the treatment of pain and improvements in both quality of life and body image of patients with fibromyalgia. Methods A randomized, controlled study with a blinded evaluator and 20-week follow-up period was carried out involving 80 patients with fibromyalgia. A visual analog scale (VAS) pain and sleep the six-minute walk test, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Medical Outcome Survey Short Form 36 (SF-36), Beck Depression Inventory and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) questionnaire were used for the assessments, which were performed at baseline and after 10, 20 (end of intervention) and 40 weeks. Results The art group achieved statistically significant improvements in VAS for pain (p=0.001), VAS for sleep (p=0.027), FIQ (p=0.001), Beck Depression Inventory (p=0.038) and the physical functioning (p=0.027), role-physical, (p<0.001), bodily pain (p=0.002), vitality (p=0.001), role-emotional (p=0.002) and mental health (p=0.010) subscales of the SF-36. Regarding body image no differences between groups was found over time. Conclusions Art therapy can be used in the treatment of fibromyalgia, leading to a reduction in pain and improvements in degree of depression and quality of life. References Valim V, Oliveira LM, Assis M, Barros TN, Feldman d, Natour J, et al. Aerobic fitness effects in fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 2003; 30:1060-1069; E.H, Kowalski J, Theorell T, Anderberg U.M. Dance/movement therapy in fibromyalgia patients: Changes in self-figure drawings and their relation to verbal self-rating scales. Arts in Psychotherapy 2006; 33:11-25; SE, deHueck A. , Voss S, Abbey SE. Six-Month and one-year followup of 23 weekks of aerobic exercise for individuals with fibromyalgia. Arthritis Care Res 2004; 51:890-98; AM, Komnaes HB, Forre O. The effects of 20 weeks of physical fitness training in female patients with fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1992; 10(4):345-349. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
The effect of rehabilitation exercise prescription on breathing function of teenage bronchial asthma sufferers

To observe the effect of rehabilitation exercise prescription on breathing function of teenage bronchial asthma sufferers.31 bronchial asthma sufferers were divided into Groups A and B randomly;existing medical treatment was maintained for 11 cases in Group A,while rehabilitation exercise prescription was implemented for 20 cases in Group B on the basis of existing medical treatment.During the 12-week period of observation on both groups,the asthma symptom,pulmonary function and adverse reaction of all the sufferers before and after the experiment were tracked,observed and measured.The sufferers' vital capacity,pulmonary function,FEV1 and PEF were improved remarkably,showing a gradually stable condition of asthma symptom.The effective rates of improvement of gasping,amount of expectoration,and symptom of asthmatic wheeze were 63.64%,45.45% and 54.56% respectively for Group A and 85%,75% and 80% respectively for Group B.This experiment has achieved a positive effect and proved that rehabilitation exercise prescription has a remarkable effect on improving and enhancing the breathing function of teenage bronchial asthma sufferers.
Photocatalytic Treatment of Pharmaceuticals in Real Hospital Wastewaters for Effluent Quality Amelioration

The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in the wastewater effluents has confirmed that conventional wastewater treatment technologies are not sufficiently effective in the pharmaceuticals’ removal. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the photocatalytic degradation of PhACs using TiO2-P25, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, CN) and a heterojunction of perovskite strodium titanate and graphitic carbon nitride SrTiO3/g-C3N4 (20% g-C3N4, 20CNSTO) photocatalytic materials, in hospital wastewater effluents, by simulated solar irradiation. The experiments were performed by using real wastewater samples collected from the university hospital wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent of Ioannina city (Northwestern Greece) and inherent pharmaceutical concentration levels. The analysis of the samples was accomplished by solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. In the cases of TiO2 and CN, more than 70% of the initial concentration (e.g., venlafaxine) was degraded after 90 min, while 20CNSTO presented lower photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, some compounds were sporadically detected (e.g., fluoxetine) or their concentrations remained stable during the photocatalytic treatment time period (e.g., trimethoprim). In total 11 transformation products (TPs) were formed along the degradation processes and were identified by using liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry.