Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fasting on the Physical Effort of Pilgrims

ثحبلا صخلم ( Abstract ) : يف ةرمعلا ءادأ ءانثأ لذبي ىذلا يلضعلا دوهجلما ببسب جتنت يتلا ةرحلا روذجلا ديلوت ىلع مايصلا ريثأت ةساردل ثحبلا اذه م ّ ف مصُ ةرمعلا كسانم ىدأ . ةفلتخم تلااح 12 يف مارحلا دجسلما يف ابلاط تاقوأ بلاط لك ىدأ . ةفلتخم ةيئيب فورظ تحتو ةفلتخم عمج مت . تارم تس ةرمعلا ديهيدلا ىاد نولالما ىوتسم نييعت مث اهنم ءاهتنلاا دع و ةرمعلا ءدب لبق نيكراشلما عيمج نم لوب ةنيع ليلحت فشك . ةرحلا روذجلا ديلوتل رشؤمك كلذو نينيتايركلا / ديهيدلا ىاد نولالما ةبسن ريدقتو لوبلا تانيع عيمج يف نينيتايركلاو ضافخنا انه :ةيلاتلا طاقنلا نع انجئاتن ءادأ لبق ةنيعب ةنراقم ةرمعلا ءادأ دعب ةيلوبلا نينيتايركلا / ديهيدلا ىاد نولالما ةبسن يف نم لقأ ةدلم مايصلا ةلاح يفو مايصلا مدع ةلاح يف بلاطلا تاعومجم عيمج يف ةرمعلا 6 . راحلا وأ لدتعلما خانلما يف ءاوس تاعاس دلا ىاد نولالما ةبسن يف ةدايز انه ناك ، سكعلا ىلع ةرمعلا ءادأ لبق ةنيع عم ةنراقلماب ةرمعلا ءادأ دعب ةيلوبلا نينيتايركلا / ديهي نم رثكلا مايصلا ةعومجم يف 12 نم رثكلا مايصلا ءانثأ ةرمعلا ءادأ نأ ىلإ جئاتنلا ريشت . راحلا وأ لدتعلما خانلما يف ءاوس ةعاس 12 ايز نم ح تي امك قهرم رمأ راحلا وأ لدتعلما سقطلا يف ةعاس وأ مايص نودب ةرمعلا ءادأ عم ةنراقلماب ديهيدلا ىاد نولالما جاتنإ ةد نم لقأ ةدلم مايصلا 6 لكشب ضفخنا هنكلو ديهيدلا ىاد نولالما جاتنأ ةدايز متي مل ثيح راحلا وأ لدتعلما سقطلا يف تاعاس لذبي ىذلا ىلضعلا دوهجلما نأ ىلإ ةراشلإا اننكمي ، جئاتنلا هذه للاخ نم . ظوحلم لسلست نأو ، قهرم ريغو لمتحم ةرمعلا ءانثأ نأ امك . راضلا داهجلاا سيلو فيكتلا وه ىلضعلا دوهجلما اذه ةمس لعجت كسنلا يف ةددحلما مارحلا دجسلما يف ةرمعلا تاوطخ ام برش نأو ،ةرحلا روذجلا دلوت ليلقت يف اضيأ راشت دق ةرمعلا ءادأب مهمايق ءانثأ جاجحلل ةيناحورلا رعاشلما نم ديزي دق مزمز ء . ةردقلا هذه نم للقي دق ةليوط ةرتفل مايصلا نكلو ، دسكأتلا ةمواقم ىلع مسجلا ةردق :ةلادلا تاملكلا ةرمعلا مايصلا داهجلاا
Online reviews: A pathway to improve hotel management

The purpose of this study is to verify how online reviews can become a useful tool for the improvement of hotel businesses through an in-depth analysis of selected scientific papers. This systematic literature review analyses refereed journals in English, Spanish and Portuguese, published worldwide between January 2008 and January 2020 and containing the keywords: online reviews, hotel improvement, hotel performance and hotel development, in 11 different databases. After examining 59 relevant papers, a range of approaches showing how online reviews support hotel business development are uncovered. Besides contributing to the existing literature by extending the current research on the use of online reviews, the findings of this study also provide hoteliers with insights on how to take advantage of online reviews. Although several studies approach hotel business development using online reviews, only a few studies have gathered these papers to verify their applications and managerial implications. Thus, this paper aims to fill this research gap.
A note on the Friedmann universe with a higher order gravity

New images of black holes in recent times have created a strong validity of the Friedmann universe. Since the Friedmann universe possess singularity, synonymously black holes, its quantum aspect becomes more important for study. We have explored the Friedmann universe with reference to higher order gravity theory, a natural generalization of Einstein theory of gravity. Particle creation in vacuum space-time in the presence of strong gravitation field has been explained and thus emphasized upon gravitons creation as well as non-conformal invariance of the higher order theory in this context.
The Role of Herd Immunity in Control of Contagious Diseases

Herd Immunity is a form which occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, whether through vaccination or previous infections so as to provide indirect protection against an infectious disease and can measure protection for individuals who are not immune to the infection . The Basic Reproduction number (R0) is an important term which helps calculation to calculate the capability of an individual to infect an individual further and enables to discover the minimum amount of population coverage immune to develop herd immunity of that specific disease . When a critical proportion of the population becomes immune, called the herd immunity threshold (HIT), the infectious disease may no longer persist in the population, ceasing to be endemic at the end. Social networks however undergo constant growth, and it may be argued that network growth may change the level of herd immunity present in social networks. Vaccination helps prevent circulation of the infectious agents in susceptible population. High uptake and more effective the vaccine is more are the chances of success to eradicate infectious diseases like in the case of smallpox and polio. Herd immunity's inclusion in vaccination programmes makes it more favorable in cost-effectiveness or cost–benefit ratios and an increase in the number of disease cases avoided by due to vaccination. Herd or also known as Population Immunity is highly debatable subject and had different views by researchers regarding achievement of herd immunity in any disease control approach. In this article we have tried to enlighten the concepts regarding herd immunity; the diseases which can be accounted with it; its link with vaccination strategies and part of the disease eradication.
Validation of a novel perfusion bioreactor system in cancer research

Development of drugs is a complex, time- and cost-consuming process due to the lack of standardized and reliable characterization techniques and models. Traditionally, drug screening is based on in vitro analysis using two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures followed by in vivo animal testing. Unfortunately, application of the obtained results to humans in about 90 % of cases fails. Therefore, it is important to develop and improve cell-based systems that can mimic the in vivo-like conditions to provide more reliable results. In this paper, we present development and validation of a novel, user-friendly perfusion bioreactor system for single use aimed for cancer research, drug screening, anti-cancer drug response studies, biomaterial characterization, and tissue engineering. Simple design of the perfusion bioreactor provides direct medium flow at physiological velocities (100? 250 ? m s-1) through samples of different sizes and shapes. Biocompatibility of the bioreactor was confirmed in short term cultivation studies of cervical carcinoma SiHa cells immobilized in alginate microfibers under continuous medium flow. The results have shown preserved cell viability indicating that the perfusion bioreactor in conjunction with alginate hydrogels as cell carriers could be potentially used as a tool for controlled anti-cancer drug screening in a 3D environment.
Functional and genomic analyses of the maize yabby transcription factors drooping leaf1 and drooping leaf2

Leaf and floral architectures contribute significantly to crop yield. Leaf architecture, i.e., leaf length, width and angle, defines canopy architecture, which influences light penetration, photoassimilate production and overall yield. In the cereals, floral architecture defines the production and arrangement of the floral units that produce grain, directly impacting yield. A major challenge in plant biology is to understand what genetic factors regulate leaf and flower development, two seemingly disparate, but perhaps evolutionarily related structures, in the grasses. We discovered and characterized a novel maize (Zea mays spp. mays) mutant we named drooping leaf (drl), as acutely flaccid leaves lacked a functional midrib. In pistillate and staminate florets, drl mutants displayed ectopic inner-whorl organs. These mutant phenotypes were drastically enhanced by a modifier locus in the Mo17 inbred line. We cloned the underlying gene, drl1-R, and identified its paralogous enhancer, drl2-M, using positional cloning. The genes encode the maize CRABS CLAW co-ortholog, a putative transcriptional regulator with zinc-finger and YABBY domains. Our analysis suggests natural variation in Mo17 at the drl2 locus likely enhances the drl1 mutant phenotypes; similar alleles may exist in other diverse maize inbred lines. Genome wide association studies indicate the drl1 and drl2 loci are tightly linked to quantitative traits for leaf angle and width and internode length in the maize nested association mapping population. Expression analyses demonstrate drl1 and drl2 transcripts accumulate in lateral primordia, but not in vegetative or floral meristems. However, expression from the drl loci influences meristem activity, suggesting the drl genes function non-cell autonomously. Genetic interaction analyses with mutants that affect leaf and floral development demonstrate a requirement for the drl genes in the early establishment of leaf and floral
Changes of human resource management in the context of impact of the fourth industrial revolution

Fourth industrial revolution also called Industry 4.0, is considered as the most discussed topics among experts nowadays. The excitement for the Industry 4.0 goes two ways. First says that the fourth industrial revolution deals with the question of “a priori” and not “ex-post”. Organizations and research institutions gain opportunities for active building and forming of the future. Secondly, it has significant economic impact, which promises much higher operational efficiency, as well as development of brand-new business models, services and products. At the moment, organizations are able to run without elements of the Industry 4.0, but only for a limited time. They have to look for a path of further development, and that is digitalization in each field of business. With help of human resource management, organizations are able to form skills, abilities, behaviour and attitude of employees in order to achieve the targets of organization. Human resources represent significant factor for competitive advantage in the knowledge economy. In the Industry 4.0 considering human resource management, managers have to mainly focus on supporting of innovation and learning in the organization. The main goal of this article is to identify changes in methods and techniques during realization of human resource management in the context of the impact of fourth industrial revolution in theory, based on research of available scientific literature. Attention is mainly focused on selected functions of human resource management like job design, staffing, training and performance appraisal
Intercropping Using NRC Algorithm

: Current To predict the crop rotation for varied sorts of soil and might be done through soil fertility, water level, chemical level, climatic condition and etc. Here, mistreatment totally different data processing techniques over agriculture land soil testing is that the methodology is mistreatment wide wherever that crop is often farmed when that crop. As an example, rice is going to be cultivated at intervals seven months to eight months. The remaining time the farm won't be left empty. Another crop could cultivate for the opposite four months. The main aim is to reduce unnecessary fertilizer usage during the cultivation of lands and to increase soil vitality. With this approach, we can improve crop productivity as well as the nation economy. And a collection of soil testing reports are pre-processed to generate training data sets are available. The training data sets are subjected to data mining techniques like Grouping and clustering methods. Finally, decisions tracked based on group characterization rules implemented. The training data samples Mineral ratios, crop cultivation used to generate various interesting measures for decision support on cultivation.
DAUGAVPILS UNIVERSIT¬TE SOCI¬LO ZIN¬T“U FAKULT¬TE HUMANIT¬RO UN SOCI¬LO ZIN¬T“U INSTIT¤TS

of the article: in the beginning of the article after title is to be located abstract of the article. In the abstract should be indicated aim, tasks, problem of the research, novelty of the research and main conclusions. The the separate paragraph shoud be noted key words (terms that reveal the essence of the issues discussed in the article).
Control of neuronal input-output coupling by recurrent inhibition in the hippocampus

During different states of hippocampal network activity neurons receive excitatory synaptic input on dendritic compartments and transform it into axonal action potential output. The ensemble output of pyramidal neurons activates local inhibitory microcircuits, which provide recurrent compartment-specific inhibition. In the present study it was observed that neuronal activity patterns that are likely to be present during sharp-waves recruit recurrent inhibition differently than repetitive activity at theta frequency. The observed results suggest that this could adapt the efficacy of input-output conversion to the network-state. In the present study dendritic spikes and their activity-dependent plasticity were identified as specialized signals, which endow correlated excitatory branch input with the ability to withstand recurrent inhibition and to generate precisely timed action potential output independent of the previous activity. These findings suggest that dendritic spikes may provide a cellular correlate for reliable and temporally precise reactivation of behaviorally relevant neuronal assemblies during both exploration and sleep.
DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURES IN OSCILLATING BUBBLES: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

The surface temperatures of the plasma core at the final stages of the first contraction phase of spark generated bubbles oscillating under ordinary laboratory conditions in a large expanse of water are determined experimentally. The measurement method is based on the analysis of optical radiation from the bubbles and on an assumption that the plasma core is radiating as a black-body. It is found that the maximum surface temperatures of the plasma core range from 4300 K to 8700 K and these temperatures decrease with a bubble size.
A Systematic Review of the Instruments Used for Evaluating Causal Beliefs and Perceived Heart Risk Factors

Background: The etiologies and causal beliefs of heart disease are considered one of the 5 dimensions of health self-regulatory model. Thus, the present study aimed to review the literature and screen the appropriate tools for evaluating the causal beliefs and perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs). Methods: The review samples encompassed all published articles from 1992 to March 2017. A systematic search was conducted across 6 databases: the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, EBSCO, ProQuest, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The qualitative evaluation of the articles was examined using the checklists of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) by 2 independent investigators. After the application of the criteria for inclusion in the study, 22 studies were obtained according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 10 504 (50.5% male) patients at an average age of 57.85±10.75 years participated in 22 studies under review. The results of the systematic review showed that 22 tools were available to measure PHRFs. The instruments were categorized into 4 groups of valid scales (6 studies), invalid questionnaires (6 studies), checklists (3 studies), and open-ended single items (7 studies). Only 23.2% of the measuring instruments were sufficiently valid. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that a limited number of valid tools were available to measure PHRFs. Considering the importance of studying cardiac patients’ perception of the etiology of disease and the paucity of standards and valid grading scales, it seems necessary to design and provide tools with broader content that can cover all aspects of patients’ beliefs.
Tannins and Partial Consumption of Acorns: Implications for Dispersal of Oaks by Seed Predators

-A common assumption in studies of seed predation is that seeds survive attack and are dispersed only 'when animals fail to find seeds, drop undamaged seeds or fail to recover seeds after they are cached. This study, however, suggests that many acorn consumers consistently eat only a portion of the cotyledon of several species of acorns and thereby permit embryo survival. Several vertebrates [gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula) and blue jays (Cyanocita cristata)] were observed to consume only 30-60% of the cotyledon from the basal portion (cap end) of willow oak (Quercus phellos) acorns. Gray squirrels exhibited a similar preference for the basal end of acorns of several other species of red oaks (Q. rubra, Q. laevis, Q. nigra, Q. palustris and Q. coccinea) from a wide geographic region. In addition, acorn weevil larvae (Curculio sp.) were observed significantly (>35%) more often in the basal portion than in the apical end of Q. alba acorns. Chemical analyses of acorns from two tree species revealed that the concentration of protein-precipitable phenolics (primarily tannins) was 12.5% (Q. phellos) and 84.2% (Q. laevis) higher in the apical portion of the seeds where the embryo is located. Moreover, germination experiments revealed equal or greater germination frequencies for partially consumed acorns than for intact acorns. We suggest that the higher tannin levels may render the apical portion less palatable, and thereby increase the probability of embryo survival after attack by seed consumers.
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece

The Kerkini granitic complex (KGC) intrudes the Serbomacedonian massif KGC comprises the Mûries granite (MUR), the Miriofito granite (MIR), and the Kastanusa (KAS) granodiorite. The main rock-type is two-mica granite. Feldspars are represented by albite andperthitic microcline, biotite is iron-rich and white mica is phengite. Fluorite is also present. The rocks are peraluminous, enriched in total alkalis, depleted in MgO and CaO and have high FeOt/MgO ratios. They are enriched in Zr, Nb, Y, Ga and REE, and have strong negative Eu anomaly. They plot in the Atype granite fields of various discriminant diagrams and their chemistry suggests a WPG tectonic environment. Sr initial ratio ranges from 0.7107 to 0.7182. The most probable genetic model is fluid-absent melting of a biotite-rich tonalitic crustal source at 950 -975 C and at considerable depths. Rb-Sr white mica ages and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages yielded 246±3 Ma and 247±2Ma, respectively, interpreted as the crystallization age of the KGC. K-Ar ages of 130±3 and 131 ±3 Ma (biotite) and 133±3 Ma (white mica) can be interpreted by a metamorphic/fluid event at about 133 Ma. Rb-Sr white mica dates at 152±2 Ma probably resulted by incomplete resetting of the Rb-Sr isotopie system and yielded "mixing ages" between crystallization (ca. 247 Ma) possibly related to a Permian Triassic rift event and metamorphic/fluid event (ca. 133 Ma).
The Resource-Based View, Dynamic Capabilities and SME Performance for SMEs to Become Smart Enterprises

This article explores critical areas for enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs in the globalized economy. Due to the fiercer nature of current competitiveness, the business sector has to adapt and enhance their capability in response to rapid environmental changes. This article explores the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capability perspective and their effects on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This review shows that the concept of RBV contributes to driving SME performance. Dynamic capability, which is part of the management process, also helps in stimulating RBV to enhance the performance of SMEs and their competitive advantages. Additionally, this article provides several useful implications for policy that is related to the development of SMEs. It will, hopefully, contribute to the process of developing effective strategies within their organizations. It will also be of great value for researchers and practitioners who are involved in the SME sector.
An Empirical Study on Sum-Product Networks Structure Learning and Deep Convolutional Sum-Product Networks

Sum-product Networks (SPNs) are generative probabilistic models which obtained the attention of the community for its tractability and easy methods for learning. Our first main contribution is an empirical comparison of methods for SPN learning and inference. LearnSPN is a popular algorithm for learning SPNs that utilizes chop and slice operations. As g-test is a standard chopping method and Gaussian mixture models (GMM) using expectation-maximization is a common slicing method, it seems to have been assumed in the literature that this is the best pair in LearnSPN. On the contrary, our results show that g-test for chopping and k-means for slicing yields SPNs that are just as accurate. Moreover, it has been shown that implementing SPN leaf nodes as Chow-Liu Trees (CLTs) yields more accurate SPNs for the former pair. Our experiments show the same for the latter pair, and that neither pair dominates the other. Lastly, we report an analysis of SPN topology for unstudied pairs. Deep convolutional sum-product networks (DCSPNs) have very recently been introduced and shown to yield competitive results in image completion tasks. A DCSPN consists of a tree structure (a directed acyclic graph) coupled with parameters of the structure. Given that DCSPNs are in their infancy, many open questions remain regarding the properties and topology of their tree structure. As our second main contribution, we undertake three investigations pertaining to the DCSPN structure. The first two studies revolve around the original structure put forth in the seminal paper. These studies increase the number of pooling layers and vary the hyperparameters in attempts to improve accuracy. The third inquiry suggests a new DCSPN tree structure that significantly lowers the training time at a modest expense of accuracy.
Psychosocial Adjustment of Educated and Uneducated Infertile Females of Pakistan

Objectives: The present research was designed to investigate the differences in psychosocial adjustment of educated and uneducated infertile females.Design: Cross-Sectional study. Subjects and Methods: The data was collected from infertility Advisory Center, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Fatima Memorial Hospital, and Jinnah Hospital Lahore, from March 2005 to July 2005. The total sample consisted of 50 diagnosed infertile females, age range 25-45 years, the prerequisite condition was that they had a minimum duration of marriage of three years without children and were under the treatment. In the study, 40 translated items were used to assess the psychosocial adjustments, which were derived from Bell Adjustment Inventory (BAI). The data was analyzed by the help of SPSS. Results: Results indicated that there is a significant difference (t=3.39and p<0.05) between psychosocial adjustment of educated and uneducated infertile females. The social class, employment, and unemployment factors have also significant impact on adjustment of infertile females. Conclusion: It is concluded that the educated infertile females show greater psychosocial adjustment than uneducated infertile females. This relationship will further help to explore another psychosocial dimension of infertile patients.