Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances and Applications of Probabilistic Topic Models

I present here an overview of recent advances in probabilistic topic modelling and related Bayesian graphical models as well as some of their more atypical applications outside of their home: text analysis. These techniques allow the modelling of high dimensional count vectors with strong correlations. With such data, simply calculating a correlation matrix is infeasible. Probabilistic topic models address this using mixtures of multinomials estimated via Bayesian inference with Dirichlet priors. The use of conjugate priors allows for efficient inference, and these techniques scale well to data sets with many millions of vectors. The first of these techniques to attract significant attention was Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [1, 2]. Numerous extensions and adaptations of LDA have been proposed: non-parametric models; assorted models incorporating authors, sentiment and other features; models regularised through the use of extra metadata or extra priors on topic structure, and many more [3]. They have .
Emerging drugs for rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune disease characterized by symmetric arthritis of diarhthrodial joints leading to progressive erosion of cartilage and bone. The individual and social impacts of RA are of great importance. Objective: To investigate the development of new therapies for RA treatment. Methods: Various databases have been searched for new drugs in clinical trials (Phase I – III) and experimental future therapeutic agents for RA. Results/conclusion: The current management of the disease includes the use of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and the biologic therapies. Progress in our understanding of RA pathophysiology led to the identification of new therapeutic targets. These include pro-inflammatory cytokines, T and B cells, adhesion molecules, chemokines and intra- and extracellular signaling pathways. Therapeutic modulation of the above targets can provide new treatment strategies. This article reviews a few of the new treatment strategies currently being evaluated.
Prevalencia de peso insuficiente, sobrepeso y obesidad en población laboral activa española

espanolObjetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de peso insuficiente, normopeso, sobrepeso, obesidad y sobrecarga ponderal en poblacion laboral activa espanola. Metodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal de prevalencia con base poblacional en el que participaron 374.562 trabajadores de las diferentes comunidades autonomas espanolas, realizado en 2008. Para la determinacion del peso insuficiente, normopeso, sobrepeso, obesidad y sobrecarga ponderal se realizaron mediciones ponderales individuales, calculandose el indice de masa corporal (peso/talla en metro2) y aplicando los criterios del Consenso SEEDO de 2007. Resultado: La prevalencia global de peso insuficiente, normopeso, sobrepeso, obesidad y sobrecarga ponderal fue, respectivamente, 1,4%, 41,1%, 40,1%, 17,5% y 57,5%, Las mujeres presentaron una prevalencia mayor para el peso insuficiente, mientras que en los hombres lo fue para el sobrepeso y la obesidad. Por comunidades el peso insuficiente fue mas prevalente en La Rioja y la mayor sobrecarga ponderal se encontro en Castilla-La Mancha y Andalucia. Conclusiones: Es muy elevado el exceso de peso en la poblacion trabajadora espanola estudiada, con una tendencia al alza en los ultimos anos. Se recomiendan medidas intervencionistas para mejorar esta situacion. Los datos registrados en este estudio pudieran servir de referencia para este colectivo de la poblacion. EnglishObjective: To determine the prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, obesity and excess weight in the Spanish active working population. Methods: A cross-sectional study of population-based prevalence, involving 374,562 workers from different Spanish regions, conducted in 2008. We measured weight and height and calculated the body mass index [BMI] (weight/height in meter2) applying the criteria of the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity (SEEDO). Results: The overall prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, obesity and excess weight was 1.4%, 41.1%, 40.1%, 17.5% and 57.5%, respectively. Women had a higher prevalence of underweight, while in men it was for overweight and obesity. Underweight was more prevalent in La Rioja region, while excess weight were more common in the Castilla- La Mancha and Andalusia regions. Conclusions: Excess weight in the Spanish working population studied was very high, with an upward trend in recent years. Intervention measures are recommended to improve this situation. The data recorded in this study may serve as reference for this population.
Study on Microbiological Quality of Rural and Urban Drinking Water in Distribution Systems of Ijroud, Zanjan in 2013-2015

investigate microbiological quality of drinking water in distribution system of urban and rural regions of Ijroud, in Zanjan province. Methods: In present descriptive study, the microbiological examination of drinking water was conducted in 15 facilities with 401 samples. Transportation and test procedures were according to standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Results: Total number of microbial samples were 401 and 66.66% of them were positive for total and fecal coliforms. Also, water of 10 villages were not suitable for drinking with respecting to national standards. In addition, samples of only 5 villages were suitable for human consumption. The range of fecal coliforms in distribution networks' samples were from 4 to 75 MPN/100 ml. Conclusion: This study showed that as microbiological aspect, drinking water is not potable in some rural communities. The consumption of drinking water in this distribution networks can threaten the health of consumers, thus, the water supply organizations have to improve operation and maintenance measurements due to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases.
Mikro Öğretimin Fen Bilgisi Öğretmen Adaylarının Pedagojik Alan Bilgileri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Sorumlu Yazar : Tezcan Kartal, Yrd. Doç. Dr., Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Türkiye, tkartal@ahievran.edu.tr, ORCID ID:00000001-7609-3555 Havva Yamak, Prof. Dr., Gazi üniversitesi, Türkiye, havva@gazi.edu.tr, ORCID ID 0000-0002-1666-0746 Nusret Kavak, Doç. Dr., Gazi üniversitesi, Türkiye, nkavak@gazi.edu.tr, ORCID ID:0000-0001-6509-2653 740 https://kefad.ahievran.edu.tr Ahi Evran Universitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi
L2 Writing Assessment in the Greek School of Foreign Languages

In the past two decades, there has been an increased interest in the assessment of L2 writing since the results of such evaluations are used for a variety of administrative, instructional and research purposes. One of the primary issues pertaining the assessment of writing quality is the type of scoring procedure which will be used; admittedly a subject of a great deal of research and discussion in the language testing literature. The aim of the present paper is firstly, to briefly describe the type of scoring used in the Greek School of Foreign Languages for assessing L2 writing performance and secondly, to calculate the inter-rater reliability of five written samples. The results obtained indicate quite high correlations, thus demonstating the evaluators’ uniformity in the application of assessment criteria.
Iris Image Quality Testing and Iris Verification

The purpose of this study was to investigate the iris image quality and iris verification of eyes in brown, hazel, green, and blue, respectively, and the iris image quality and iris verification under different conditions such as the changed stand-off distances, the motions of the head and eyes, with glasses, and without glasses. A comparative study of three eye colors in brown, hazel, and green was conducted using a non-parametric method based on the H test. The H test results show that there is no significant difference in the iris image quality of eyes in brown, hazel, or green when the level of significance is 0.05. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ijece.v3i4. 2769
Plant Immunity Is Compartmentalized and Specialized in Roots

Roots are important organs for plant survival. In recent years, clear differences between roots and shoots in their respective plant defense strategies have been highlighted. Some putative gene markers of defense responses usually used in leaves are less relevant in roots and are sometimes not even expressed. Immune responses in roots appear to be tissue-specific suggesting a compartmentalization of defense mechanisms in root systems. Furthermore, roots are able to activate specific defense mechanisms in response to various elicitors including Molecular/Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns, (MAMPs/PAMPs), signal compounds (e.g., hormones) and plant defense activator (e.g., β-aminobutyric acid, BABA). This review discusses recent findings in root defense mechanisms and illustrates the necessity to discover new root specific biomarkers. The development of new strategies to control root disease and improve crop quality will also be reviewed.
Dancing in the Dark: Private Multi-Party Machine Learning in an Untrusted Setting

Distributed machine learning (ML) systems today use an unsophisticated threat model: data sources must trust a central ML process. We propose a brokered learning abstraction that allows data sources to contribute towards a globally-shared model with provable privacy guarantees in an untrusted setting. We realize this abstraction by building on federated learning, the state of the art in multi-party ML, to construct TorMentor: an anonymous hidden service that supports private multi-party ML. We define a new threat model by characterizing, developing and evaluating new attacks in the brokered learning setting, along with new defenses for these attacks. We show that TorMentor effectively protects data providers against known ML attacks while providing them with a tunable trade-off between model accuracy and privacy. We evaluate TorMentor with local and geo-distributed deployments on Azure/Tor. In an experiment with 200 clients and 14 MB of data per client, our prototype trained a logistic regression model using stochastic gradient descent in 65s. Code is available at: this https URL
Manually assisted body-weight supported locomotor training does not re-establish walking in non-walking subjects with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of manually assisted body-weight supported locomotor training in subjects with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. SUBJECTS Twenty subjects with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grades C or D and > 2 years post-injury. METHODS Random allocation to 60 days of body-weight supported locomotor training, or usual care, which might include over-ground walking. Walking function, lower extremity muscle strength and balance were blindly evaluated pre-/post-intervention. RESULTS A small, non-significant improvement in walking function was observed (0.1 m/s (95% confidence interval (95% CI) -0.2, 0.4)), but subjects without baseline gait function, did not re-establish walking. The effect on lower extremity muscle strength was 2.7 points (95% CI -1.4, 6.8). No difference was observed in balance measures. CONCLUSION Subjects with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury without baseline walking function were unable to re-establish gait with manually assisted body-weight supported locomotor training. A modest, non-significant, improvement was found in strength and walking speed. However, due to study recruitment problems, an effect size that was smaller than anticipated, and large functional heterogeneity among study subjects, the effect of late-onset body-weight supported locomotor training is not clear. Future studies should include larger numbers of subjects with less functional loss and greater functional homogeneity. Intensive training should probably start earlier post-injury.
Scalable Architecture for SDN Traffic Classification

Scalable network-wide traffic classification (TC), combined with knowledge of endpoint identities, will enable the next wave of innovation in networking, by exposing a valuable layer of TC-enriched flow context information for applications to consume. However, full TC services over standard software-defined networking (SDN) architecture, where packets requiring application services must pass via the control plane, do not scale. Sending packets that require TC inspection to a TC application via the control plane causes resource exhaustion on the control plane (e.g., CPU and bandwidth), and this in turn severely degrades network performance, thus limiting the scalability of such an approach. In this paper, we demonstrate that full TC in SDN can be designed to scale. We describe our scalable TC architecture built atop of widely available OpenFlow v1.3, using a system-based approach. We demonstrate improvements to performance and scalability of SDN TC through experimental results from our prototype implementation. Our intention with this work is to run higher complexity classification functions and demonstrate how this approach benefits TC use cases, as well as SDN standardization.
Increased functional coupling of the left amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex during the perception of communicative point-light stimuli

&NA; Interpersonal predictive coding (IPPC) describes the behavioral phenomenon whereby seeing a communicative rather than an individual action helps to discern a masked second agent. As little is known, yet, about the neural correlates of IPPC, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in a group of 27 healthy participants using point‐light displays of moving agents embedded in distractors. We discovered that seeing communicative compared to individual actions was associated with higher activation of right superior frontal gyrus, whereas the reversed contrast elicited increased neural activation in an action observation network that was activated during all trials. Our findings, therefore, potentially indicate the formation of action predictions and a reduced demand for executive control in response to communicative actions. Further, in a regression analysis, we revealed that increased perceptual sensitivity was associated with a deactivation of the left amygdala during the perceptual task. A consecutive psychophysiological interaction analysis showed increased connectivity of the amygdala with medial prefrontal cortex in the context of communicative compared to individual actions. Thus, whereas increased amygdala signaling might interfere with task‐relevant processes, increased co‐activation of the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex in a communicative context might represent the integration of mentalizing computations.
Marriage, Cohabitation, and Divorce in Later Life

Abstract Older adults are at the forefront of family change as a declining share experiences lifelong marriage and rates of cohabitation and divorce in later life continue to rise. The goal of this article is to review recent scholarship on marriage, cohabitation, and divorce among older adults and identify directions for future research. The varied family experiences characterizing the later life course demonstrate the importance of moving beyond marital status to capture additional dimensions of the marital biography, including transitions, timing, duration, and sequencing. Cohabitation operates as an alternative to marriage for older adults and is increasingly replacing remarriage following divorce or widowhood. The gray divorce rate has doubled in recent decades as older adults abandon marriage in favor of unmarried partnerships or singlehood. The retreat from marriage among older adults raises important questions about the ramifications of family change for health and well-being as well as access to caregivers given that spouses historically have been the primary source of care.
Educating Land Forces’ Leaders to Think from JIIM Perspective

Abstract Nowadays, the military forces’ operational environment is shaped by dynamic changes that give its most representative characteristics such as volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA). Based on this and taking into consideration the tendency of NATO to use more prominently its multinational military structures, we are obligated to adapt our way of teaching and training if we want to be effective in the process of educating the next leaders for future military environments. In other words, during the classes, also in the field, we should try to educate and train our cadets, at least, to think from a joint, interagency, intergovernmental and multinational (JIIM) perspective when conducting military actions, even at a small tactical level, such as the platoon.
Scene Graph Generation via Conditional Random Fields

Despite the great success object detection and segmentation models have achieved in recognizing individual objects in images, performance on cognitive tasks such as image caption, semantic image retrieval, and visual QA is far from satisfactory. To achieve better performance on these cognitive tasks, merely recognizing individual object instances is insufficient. Instead, the interactions between object instances need to be captured in order to facilitate reasoning and understanding of the visual scenes in an image. Scene graph, a graph representation of images that captures object instances and their relationships, offers a comprehensive understanding of an image. However, existing techniques on scene graph generation fail to distinguish subjects and objects in the visual scenes of images and thus do not perform well with real-world datasets where exist ambiguous object instances. In this work, we propose a novel scene graph generation model for predicting object instances and its corresponding relationships in an image. Our model, SG-CRF, learns the sequential order of subject and object in a relationship triplet, and the semantic compatibility of object instance nodes and relationship nodes in a scene graph efficiently. Experiments empirically show that SG-CRF outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, on three different datasets, i.e., CLEVR, VRD, and Visual Genome, raising the Recall@100 from 24.99% to 49.95%, from 41.92% to 50.47%, and from 54.69% to 54.77%, respectively.
Towards a logic model for generalized hypertext

The authors describe what they call basic hypertext and present a logic model for it. It is noted that basic hypertext should be thought of as a rigorously presented approximation of current hypertext concepts. The authors then propose their concept of generalized hypertext, which is aimed at overcoming certain of the limitations of standard hypertext and which has been implemented in a DSS (decision support systems) shell called Max. They then present a logic model of generalized hypertext. <<ETX>>
Trench Termination With SiO2-Encapsulated Dielectric for Near-Ideal Breakdown Voltage in 4H-SiC Devices

Trench termination with SiO<sub>2</sub>-encapsulated dielectric for 4H-SiC devices is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The trench is mainly refilled with spin-on dielectric which is encapsulated with SiO<sub>2</sub>to protect it from the high electric field in the trench. Such a trench termination is fabricated along with a high-voltage p-i-n diode. The fabricated device shows a repeatable breakdown voltage over 1750 V (96% of the ideal planar junction breakdown) with a termination length of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$14~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> while the conventional trench termination has unrepeatable breakdown and requires over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> termination length. Also, this termination length is less than ~ 1/4 of the dimension of a field limiting rings termination. Moreover, the fabrication process is robust with a large process window (Trench width ≥ 14 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>).
Seroprevalencia edad dependiente frente al virus Toscana en la Comunidad de Madrid: años 1993-1994 y 1999-2000

Objetivo Valorar la seroprevalencia frente a virus Toscana (VTOS) en la Comunidad de Madrid. Metodos Se estudiaron muestras de dos encuestas de serovigilancia obtenidas durante 1993-1994 (2.262 individuos) y 1999-2000 (1.945 individuos). Las muestras se procesaron mediante analisis inmunoenzimatico (ELISA) para la deteccion de IgG frente a VTOS. Resultados La seroprevalencia en 1993-1994 (7,2%; IC 95%: 6,2-8,4) resulto significativamente mayor (χ 2 ; p Conclusion Estos resultados confirman la circulacion de VTOS en la Comunidad de Madrid durante los ultimos anos.
High Frequency Hysteresis Losses on γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4: Susceptibility as a Magnetic Stamp for Chain Formation

In order to understand the properties involved in the heating performance of magnetic nanoparticles during hyperthermia treatments, a systematic study of different γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been done. High-frequency hysteresis loops at 50 kHz carried out on particles with sizes ranging from 6 to 350 nm show susceptibility χ increases from 9 to 40 for large particles and it is almost field independent for the smaller ones. This suggests that the applied field induces chain ordering in large particles but not in the smaller ones due to the competition between thermal and dipolar energy. The specific absorption rate (SAR) calculated from hysteresis losses at 60 mT and 50 kHz ranges from 30 to 360 W/gFe, depending on particle size, and the highest values correspond to particles ordered in chains. This enhanced heating efficiency is not a consequence of the intrinsic properties like saturation magnetization or anisotropy field but to the spatial arrangement of the particles.
Translating and Evolving: Towards a Model of Language Change in DisCoCat

The categorical compositional distributional (DisCoCat) model of meaning developed by Coecke et al. (2010) has been successful in modeling various aspects of meaning. However, it fails to model the fact that language can change. We give an approach to DisCoCat that allows us to represent language models and translations between them, enabling us to describe translations from one language to another, or changes within the same language. We unify the product space representation given in (Coecke et al., 2010) and the functorial description in (Kartsaklis et al., 2013), in a way that allows us to view a language as a catalogue of meanings. We formalize the notion of a lexicon in DisCoCat, and define a dictionary of meanings between two lexicons. All this is done within the framework of monoidal categories. We give examples of how to apply our methods, and give a concrete suggestion for compositional translation in corpora.