Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of teleseismic body waves to mineral texture and melt in the mantle beneath a mid–ocean ridge

Seismic energy propagating through the mantle beneath an oceanic spreading centre develops a signature due both to the subaxial deformation field and to the presence of melt in the upwelling zone. Deformation of peridotite during mantle flow results in strong preferred orientation of olivine and significant seismic anisotropy in the upper 100 km of the mantle. Linked numerical models of flow, texture development and seismic velocity structure predict that regions of high anisotropy will characterize the subaxial region, particularly at slow–spreading mid–ocean ridges. In addition to mineral texture effects, the presence of basaltic melt can cause travel–time anomalies, the nature of which depend on the geometry, orientation and concentration of the melt. In order to illustrate the resolution of subaxial structure that future seismic experiments can hope to achieve, we investigate the teleseismic signature of a series of spreading centre models in which the mantle viscosity and melt geometry are varied. The P–wave travel times are not very sensitive to the geometry and orientation of melt inclusions, whether distributed in tubules or thin ellipsoidal inclusions. Travel time delays of 0.1–0.4 s are predicted for the melt distribution models tested. The P–wave effects of mineral texture dominate in the combined melt–plus–texture models. Thus, buoyancy–enhanced upwelling at a slow spreading ridge is characterized by 0.7–1.0 s early P–wave arrival times in a narrow axial region, while the models of plate–driven–only flow predicts smaller advances (less than 0.5 s) over a broader region. In general S–wave travel times are more sensitive to the melt and show more obvious differences between melt present as tubules as opposed to thin disks, especially if a preferred disk orientation exists. Mineral texture and the preferred alignment of melt inclusions will both produce shear–wave splitting, our models predict as much as 4 s splitting in some cases. Keywords: melt in the mantle, seismic travel–time anomalies, seafloor seismic arrays, seismic anisotropy, melt seismic signature, seismic heterogeneity
The rise and fall of UKIP, 2010–17

This chapter describes the rise and fall of the United Kingdom Independence Party. Even though the party never simultaneously had more than two MPs in the House of Commons, it exerted an enormous influence on the direction of British politics, and its rise was an important factor in David Cameron’s decision to call the Brexit referendum. This chapter explains where UKIP drew its support and examines the importance of economic factors, as well as concerns about European integration and immigration. It also considers the challenges facing the party in the wake of the 2017 election and its future prospects.
Tensile Properties of Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Mechanical, Thermomechanical, and Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulps from Orange Pruning

This paper explores the evolution in the tensile strength of orange pruning fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. The exploitation of these pruning’s can effectively avoid incineration, with the consequence of CO2 emissions and fire risk, while extending the value chain of the agricultural industry. This biomass was subjected to three different treatments yielding mechanical, thermomechanical, and chemi-thermomechanical pulps. It was found that 20 to 50% of these pulps, together with a coupling agent, were used as polypropylene reinforcement. The evolution in the tensile strength and morphological properties of the fibers, and the effect of treatments on these properties were analyzed. A modified rule of mixtures (mROM) was used to analyze the micromechanical properties of the interface. In addition, the mechanical properties were weighted against the fiber treatment yields. Finally, factors to compute the net contribution of the fibers to the final strength of the composite materials were proposed.
THE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTS OF ATRACTYLODES MACROCEPHALA KOIDZ COMBINED WITH TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICALACUPOINT STIMULATION IN TREATING THE OVARIECTOMIZED FEMALE RATS

Background: The present study was to explore the effects of the extracts of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (EAMK) combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the ovariectomized female rats. Materials and Methods: Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operation, model, livial and EAMK+TEAS groups (n=10 in each group). After the individual treatments for 8 weeks ended, the serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), osteocalcin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that in the sham-operation group, the serum E2 and osteocalcin levels were significantly higher, and the serum levels of FSH, LH and IL-6 were markedly lower than those of other groups (P0.05), however, the serum FSH and IL-6 levels of EAMK+TEAS group were significantly lower than those of the livial group (P
Pharmacological Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes

The high incidence of T2DM is associated with economic development, aging populations, increasing urbanization, dietary changes, reduced physical activity and changes in lifestyle and other cultural patterns. It is estimated that more than 382 million people suffer from this disease worldwide (8.3% prevalence). In 2013, 5.1 million deaths were reportedly caused by diabetes. If these trends continue, it is estimated that by the year 2035, approximately 592 million people (1 in 10 adults) will be carriers of the disease [7-9].
Obstruction of View and Its Impact on Residential Apartment Prices

AbstractThe factors that influence house prices have been well researched. One of these factors is the view that can be seen from the dwelling unit, particularly high-rise units. Most studies, using multiple regression analysis, show that good views, such as sea view do enjoy a premium in value. This paper focuses on the impact of the obstruction of view on house prices. Using data from two condominium projects, the study analyses the change in price when a new condominium project, which would obstruct the existing view of units in the two condominiums, was launched. The paper uses intervention analysis to investigate the impact of the obstruction of view on property prices. The results show that the impact will set into the prices of the obstructed development once the construction of the new development begins. In addition, the results show that the impact is of a pure jump function and depresses the prices of the obstructed development by around 8% in the long term. The paper further suggests the impli.
impact of diabetes mellitus on myocardial reperfusion and left ventricular remodelling in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary coronary intervention

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients after acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) has been shown to be a strong predictor of short-and long-term mortality. It has also been recognized that DM is associated with an increased rate of post-infarction heart failure. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on myocardial reperfusion after primary PCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction utilizing, resolution of STsegment elevation and Myocardial Blush Grade (MBG) and to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on left ventricular remodelling using 2-D speckle tracking. Methods: The study population consisted of 100 patients with anterior STEMI (50 diabetics and 50 non-diabetic) all patients underwent 1ry PCI. Conventional 2D echocardiography to asses LVEF, EDV and ESV and speckle tracking echocardiography to asses LV global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain was done within 72 hr of admission and after 3 months later and patients with LV remodelling, i.e. an increase >20% in LV End-Diastolic Volume (LVEDV), were identified. Results: No significant difference was found regarding baseline clinical, angiographic and echocardiographic characteristics except in MBG3 (18% vs. 54 % p=0.001), MBG1 (32% vs. 8 % p=0.003), complete ST segment resolution (18% vs. 48 % p=0.001) and Absent ST segment resolution (28% vs. 10% p=0.022) between diabetics and non-diabetics respectively. Despite a similar incidence of LV remodelling in DM and non-DM groups (22% vs. 16%, p=0.444), The 19 patients with LV remodelling had significantly more impaired LVEDV (99.84±19.24vs. 125.11±19.96, p=0.001), and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) (-11.47±1.34%vs. -10.61±2.15%, p=0.021). Change in end diastolic volume showed the strongest correlation with the GLS (P= 0.042, r = 0.473) and apical circumferential strain (P=0.028, r=0.014). Furthermore, apical circumferential strain demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy: area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, with sensitivity 84.2% and specificity 88.9%, using a cut-off value >-11.7% and GLS with sensitivity 89.5% and specificity 65.4%, using a cut-off value >-12.5 % for prediction of LV remodelling. Conclusion: Despite worse microvascular reperfusion and ST segment resolution in STEMI patients with diabetes, the incidence of LV remodelling was similar compared to non-DM patients and LV apical CS and GLS is a predictive parameter of future adverse remodelling. Citation: El din Elrabat KE, Elkeshk ES, Elsayed MH, Farag SI, Okda MM (2018) Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Myocardial Reperfusion and Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated with Primary Coronary Intervention. Ar Clin Cardiol Res: ACCR-104. DOI: 10.29011/ACCR-104/100004 2 Volume 2018; Issue 01
Factors Responsible for Falling in Senior Citizens, Living in Edhi Old Age Home and Heaven Old Age Home Lahore Pakistan

The objective of the study is to determine the factors which are responsible for falling in community-dwelling elders. It was Case Control study that was conducted in Edhi old Age home and Heaven old age home. 320 subjects were studied, 160 with history of fall and 160 without history of fall, both male and female, aged 60 to 80 years was studied. The Data was analyzed using SPSS v20.Mean±SD was calculated for numeric variables i.e. age and BMI and frequency and percentage was shown with categorical variables e.g. Gender etc. Odds ratio was calculated to estimate the relative risk and to control the confounding variable; logistic regression was used.The study demonstrated that four factors which include difficulty in walking, lack of walking aid, muscle weakness and fear of fall were found to be the key factors which increase the probability of having fall.
SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS OF SUPERNOVA 2014J IN M82: LARGE EXTINCTION FROM INTERSTELLAR DUST

We present optical and ultraviolet (UV) photometry and spectra of the very nearby and highly reddened supernova (SN) 2014J in M82 obtained with the Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT). Comparison of the UVOT grism spectra of SN 2014J with Hubble Space Telescope observations of SN2011fe or UVOT grism spectra of SN 2012fr are consistent with an extinction law with a low value of RV ∼1.4. The high reddening causes the detected photon distribution in the broadband UV filters to have a much longer effective wavelength than for an unreddened SN. The light curve evolution is consistent with this shift and does not show a flattening due to photons being scattered back into the line of sight (LOS). The light curve shapes and color evolution are inconsistent with a contribution scattered into the LOS by circumstellar dust. We conclude that most or all of the high reddening must come from interstellar dust. We show that even for a single dust composition, there is not a unique reddening law caused by circumstellar scattering. Rather, when considering scattering from a time-variable source, we confirm earlier studies that the reddening law is a function of the dust geometry, column density, and epoch. We also show how an assumed geometry of dust as a foreground sheet in mixed stellar/dust systems will lead to a higher inferred RV. Rather than assuming the dust around SNe is peculiar, SNe may be useful probes of the interstellar reddening laws in other galaxies.
Ultraviolet and Optical Spectroscopy of the R Aquarii Symmetrical Jet

The first ultraviolet spectrum of the southwest (SW) component of the symmetrical jet in the R Aquarii binary system has been obtained in the range 1200-2000 A with the IUE. These results are compared to more encompassing spectra of the central H II region taken at the same time and also similar spectra of the northeast (NE) jet component obtained six months earlier. Moreover, optical spectra of both the NE and SW jet components in the range 3400-9800 A were obtained within about 6 months and about 1 month, respectively, of the ultraviolet spectra. These highly complementary observations argue that excitation of the symmetrical jet may be due to shock excitation as the jet components overtake and impact the previously ionized material associated with the expanding inner nebulosity. The problems with this shock model as well as problems with competing photoionization models are discussed. It is suggested that the jet components were ejected less than 90 years ago. 28 refs.
MODEL SELECTION FOR HIGH-DIMENSIONAL, MULTI-SEQUENCE CHANGE-POINT PROBLEMS

Change-point models have been widely applied for segmentation of spatial or time-series data. Some recent applications in genomics motivate multi-sequence change-point models for shared changes across multiple aligned sequences. These applications frequently involve data where the number of change-points can be large. In a previous paper we derived a Bayes Information Criterion (BIC) for determining the number of changes in the mean of a sequence of independent normal observations when the number of change-points m is assumed to remain bounded as the number of observations increases. Here we extend that result to the case where m can increase with the sample size and to simultaneous change-points in multiple sequences. Stochastic terms that enter into the new criteria involve integrals and maxima of two-sided random walks with negative drift. The new criteria are applied to the analysis of DNA copy number data.
On the licensing of causatives of directed motion: Waltzing Matilda all over

This paper focuses on one famous example of an alternation that has been supposed to depend on telicity, the causative manner-of-motion alternation in English John ran the dog *(to the park). One standard approach has taken telicity to be central to the possibility of causative formation. We argue here that although telicity can be a property of these constructions, it is not necessary for the formation of a motion causative in English. Rather, what licenses the alternation is the availability of a specific syntactic structure, containing a small clause, interacting with non-telicity-related semantic restrictions imposed by verb meanings.
Propagation measurements to support third generation mobile radio network planning

The features of the radio network planning tool proposed by the European RACE Advanced Cell Planning Methods and Tools for Third Generation Mobile Radio Systems (PLATON) project are described. Some results of the propagation measurements conducted to support the planning tool are reported, and their impact on radio network planning and the design of handoff parameters is discussed.
An Input-Output Analysis with an Environmentally Adjusted Agricultural and Forestry Sector in Bangladesh

Traditional national income accounting methods does not make an allowance for the environmental damages incurred while producing the current output. Agriculture is no longer considered to be an environmentally friendly activity. In Bangladesh, efforts to feed an ever-increasing population have meant unsustainable farming practices and a steady depletion of the resource base. The quality of the environment has been degraded and ability of the future generations compromised. This calls for “greening” of GDP by deducting negative changes in environmental quality in national income calculation. This paper begins by developing an environmental account for Bangladesh's agricultural sector. This is done by collecting physical data on depletion and degradation of environmental resources and then estimating their costs by appropriate valuation techniques. The environmentally adjusted agricultural sector is then integrated with a Social Accounting Matrix. Finally, sectoral products for agriculture and forestry are estimated net of environmental cost.
Studying the Optical Properties of (PVA-PEG-KBr) Composite

In this work, samples of (PVA-PEG-KBr) composites were prepared by using casting method. The effects of addition of (KBr) concentration on the optical properties of (PVA-PEG) composite have been studied in the wavelength range (200-800) nm. The absorption coefficient, energy gap, refractive index and extinction coefficient have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with the increase of KBr concentrations.
Asymptotic Exactness of the Least-Squares Finite Element Residual

The discrete minimal least-squares functional $LS(f;U)$ is equivalent to the squared error $|| u-U ||^2$ in least-squares finite element methods and so leads to an embedded reliable and efficient a posteriori error control. This paper enfolds a spectral analysis to prove that this natural error estimator is asymptotically exact in the sense that the ratio $LS(f;U)/||u-U||^2$ tends to one as the underlying mesh-size tends to zero for the Poisson model problem, the Helmholtz equation, the linear elasticity, and the time-harmonic Maxwell equations with all kinds of conforming discretizations. Some knowledge about the continuous and the discrete eigenspectrum allows for the computation of a guaranteed error bound $C(\mathcal{T}) LS(f;U)$ with a reliability constant $C(\mathcal{T}) \leq 1/\alpha$ smaller than that from the coercivity constant $\alpha$. Numerical examples confirm the estimates and illustrate the performance of the novel guaranteed error bounds with improved efficiency.
Phytochemical, cytotoxic and antibacterial activity of two medicinal plants of Bangladesh

Ethanol extracts of the traditionally valuable plant Jasminum grandiflorum L. (Family – Oleaceae) and Ficus religiosa L. (Family – Moraceae) were screened for cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity as well as for some important phytochemical groups. The dried extracts of J. grandiflorum and F. religiosa were dissolved in 99.8% ethanol and qualitatively analysed for alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, gums, reducing sugars, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. Cytotoxic potential of dimethyl sulfoxide solution of the extracts were measured by using in vivo brine shrimp lethality assay. LC50 and LC90 values were determined graphically by plotting mortality against concentrations. Agar disc diffusion method was used to determine antibacterial sensitivity of the extracts against selected 14 pathogenic bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth macro dilution assay. The percent mortality of shrimp was increased with the increase of the doses of the extracts. LC50 and LC90 values were found to be (2.64 & 4.42 µg/ml) and (2.7 & 4.62 µg/ml) for J. grandiflorum and F. religiosa respectively in comparison with standard vincristine sulphate (1.0 & 3.86 µg/ml). Highest zone of inhibition produced by J. grandiflorum was found against Proteus vulgaris (15 mm) and that of F. religiosa was found against Enterococcus faecalis (14 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were observed within the range of 250-500 μg/ml.
Estimation of One Photon Average Electric Field Strength Confined in Silica Glass Microsphere

In this paper, we present measurement results for estimation of the average electric field strength of one photon confined in the single whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) within a micro-scale space in a silica glass microsphere. With the precise control of microsphere diameter, fiber taper size, and a distance between sphere surface and collecting fiber taper, we can obtain single 1550nmWGM emission from erbium doped microsphere silica glass pumped by 980nm laser beam. Using Poynting’s vector theory, which describes the relation between the intensity over the electric field strength of an electromagnetic wave in a given area, we calculated the average electric field of one photon confined in WGM at silica microsphere surface. Our measured results well agree with the theoretical value within the measurement uncertainty. The average one photon electric field strength plays important role in applications such as optical trapping and tweezers, biological and chemical sensors. OCIS codes: 140.0140, 120.0120; 240.0240, 260.0260
Smallholder telecoupling and potential sustainability

Smallholders are crucial for global sustainability given their importance to food and nutritional security, agriculture, and biodiversity conservation. Worldwide smallholders are subject to expanded telecoupling whereby their social-ecological systems are linked to large-scale socioeconomic and environmental drivers. The present research uses the synthesis of empirical evidence to demonstrate smallholder telecoupling through the linkages stemming from the global-level integration of markets (commodity, labor, finance), urbanization, governance, and technology. These telecoupling forces are often disadvantageous to smallholders while certain conditions can contribute to the potential sustainability of their social-ecological systems. Case studies were chosen to describe sustainability opportunities and limits involving smallholder production and consumption of high-agrobiodiversity Andean maize amid telecoupled migration (Bolivia), the role of international eco-certification in smallholder coffee-growing and agroforests (Colombia), smallholder organic dairy production in large-scale markets and technology transfer (upper Midwest, U.S.A.), and smallholders’ global niche commodity production of argan oil (Morocco). These case studies are used to identify the key challenges and opportunities faced by smallholders in telecoupling and to develop a conceptual framework. This framework specifies the integrated roles of global systems together with influential public and private institutions operating at multiple scales including the national level. The framework also integrates the local dynamics of smallholders’ multiple land use units and their socioeconomic and environmental variation. Spatial spillover effects in smallholder landscapes are an additional element. This framework further establishes the unRomantic, nonteleological, and antifetishistic view of smallholders. It provides specific insights on the multilevel dynamics of smallholder telecoupling and potential sustainability opportunities that can strengthen livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and food and nutritional security. These insights are concluded to be valuable to environmental, agricultural, and food scientists and scholars (both biogeophysical sciences and social sciences), policy makers, institutional analysts, development specialists and practitioners, social justice activists, and others seeking to advance global sustainability including sustainable development.