Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint prediction of observations and states in time-series based on belief functions

Forecasting the future states of a complex system is a complicated challenge that is encountered in many industrial applications covered in the community of Prognostics and Health Management (PHM). Practically, states can be either continuous or discrete: Continuous states generally represent the value of a signal while discrete states generally depict functioning modes reflecting the current degradation. For each case, specific techniques exist. In this paper, we propose an approach based on case-based reasoning that jointly estimates the future values of the continuous signal and the future discrete modes. The main characteristics of the proposed approach are the following: 1) It relies on the K-nearest neighbours algorithm based on belief functions theory; 2) Belief functions allow the user to represent his partial knowledge concerning the possible states in the training dataset, in particular concerning transitions between functioning modes which are imprecisely known; 3) Two distinct strategies are proposed for states prediction and the fusion of both strategies is also considered. Two real datasets were used in order to assess the performance in estimating future break-down of a real system.
Biomodal Gas Exchange During Variation in Environmental Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Air Breathing Fish Trichogaster Trichopterus

Gas exchange in the gourami, Trichogaster trichopterus , an obligate air breather, is achieved both by branchial exchange with water and aerial exchange via labyrinth organs lying within the suprabranchial chamber. Ventilation of the suprabranchial chamber, M OO2, M COCO2, gas exchange ratios of both gills and labyrinth organs, and air convection requirements have been measured under conditions of hypoxia, hyperoxia or hypercapnia in either water or air. In undisturbed fish in control conditions (27 °C), air breathing frequency was 12 breaths/h, gas tidal volume 30 μl/g, total oxygen uptake 5.2 μ. M/g/h and total carbon dioxide excretion 4.1 μM/g/h, indicating a total gas exchange ratio of approximately 0.8. The aerial labyrinth organs accounted for 40% of oxygen uptake but only 15% of carbon dioxide elimination. Hypoxia, in either inspired water or air, stimulated air breathing. Total M OO2 was continuously maintained at or above control levels by an augmentation of oxygen uptake by the labyrinth during aquatic hypoxia or by the gills during aerial hypoxia. Hypoxia had no effect on MCOl partitioning between air and water. Hypercapnia in water greatly stimulated air breathing. About 60% of total M COCO2 then occurred via aerial excretion, a situation unusual among air breathing fish, enabling the overall gas exchange to remain at control levels. Aerial hypercapnia had no effect on air breathing or O2 partitioning, but resulted in a net aerial CO2 uptake and a decrease in overall gas exchange ratio. Trichogaster is thus an air breathing fish which is able to maintain a respiratory homeostasis under varying environmental conditions by exploiting whichever respiratory medium at a particular time is the most effective for O2 uptake and CO2 elimination.
Gastric cancer risk in chronic atrophic gastritis: Statistical calculations of cross‐sectional data

Relative risk (RR) and cumulative risk of gastric cancer (GCA) were calculated for different grades of atrophic gastritis (AG) of the antrum and body. Cross‐sectional data on the occurrence of AG in a representative population sample (371 subjects), and Finnish Cancer Registry data on GCA were used in the calculations. The RR was increased significantly in severe AG of the antrum and the body (18.1 and 4.6 times, respectively), but not significantly in the less severe grades of AG. As a risk factor, severe antral and body gastritis were independent of each other. The cumulative risk, i. e. , the probability of contracting GCA within the following 10 years in age groups 50–54 … 70–74 years was calculated to vary from 2.3% to 9.3% and from 8.7% to 31.9% in severe antral AG and from 0.9% to 4.5% and from 3.6% to 16.6% in severe body AG in males and females, respectively.
THE EARLY DYNASTIC MONUMENTAL BUILDINGS AT UMM AL-AQARIB 1

This article presents the results of excavations conducted at the site of Umm al-Aqarib, in the Dhi Qar Governorate of Iraq, in the years 1999–2002 and 2008–2010. Despite significant practical difficulties, the excavations revealed an Early Dynastic city of major importance, with monumental architecture including two large temples, called here the White Temple and Temple H, and a palace. In interpreting the excavation results, the author argues that Umm al-Aqarib, and not Jokha (Umma) as has previously been thought, was the central settlement of the kingdom of Gišša during the Early Dynastic III period, and that the White Temple, the largest yet known from Early Dynastic Sumer, is to be identified as the temple of Šara, city god of Gišša.
Mouse models for chromosomal instability

Cancer is the result of several genetic alterations that overrule a cell’s protection mechanisms against unscheduled proliferation (Hanahan & Weinberg, 2000). As the vast majority of human tumours show chromosomal instability (CIN), CIN is believed to be an important driver and facilitator of oncogenic transformation. CIN can result in structural abnormalities such as focal deletions, amplifications or translocations (structural CIN). Alternatively, CIN causes numerical abnormalities (i.e. aneuploidy) with cells showing high rates of losses and gains of whole chromosomes leading to dramatic karyotypic variability between cells. Whereas alterations to single or small groups of oncogenes/ tumour suppressor genes can explain the malignant effect of structural CIN, the cancerous effect of numerical CIN is mostly attributed to the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of tumour suppressor genes (Jallepalli & Lengauer, 2001, Kops et al., 2005). Structural and numerical CIN often coincide in tumours and numerical CIN can in fact provoke structural CIN as well (Janssen et al., 2011). Although CIN appears to be a potent driver of genomic reorganization, it comes at cost for cells. For instance, numerical CIN in tissue culture cells kills cells within six generations (Kops et al., 2004). Furthermore, in depth analysis of aneuploid yeast strains and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) carrying an extra chromosome revealed that aneuploidy slows cell proliferation down and deregulates the metabolic homeostasis (Torres et al., 2007, Williams et al., 2008). However, as the majority of human tumours are aneuploid, cancer cells must have found a way to circumvent the detrimental consequences of CIN. This chapter reviews several mechanisms that can drive numerical CIN and discusses several of the mouse models that were engineered to mimic these conditions with the aim to study the in vivo consequences of numerical CIN.
Development in the cynomolgus macaque following administration of ustekinumab, a human anti-IL-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody, during pregnancy and lactation.

BACKGROUND Ustekinumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the p40 subunit of interleukin (IL) 12 and IL-23 and inhibits their pharmacological activity. To evaluate potential effects of ustekinumab treatment during pregnancy, developmental studies were conducted in cynomolgus macaques. METHODS Ustekinumab was tested in two embryo/fetal development (EFD) studies and in a combined EFD/pre and postnatal development (PPND) study. In the EFD studies, pregnant macaques (12/group) were dosed with saline or ustekinumab (9 mg/kg IV, 22.5 mg/kg SC, or 45 mg/kg IV or SC during the period of major organogenesis, gestation day [GD] 20-50). Fetuses were harvested on GD100-102 and examined for any effects on development. In the EFD/PPND study, pregnant macaques were injected with saline or ustekinumab (22.5 or 45 mg/kg SC) from GD20 through lactation day 33. Infants were examined from birth through 6 months of age for morphological and functional development. Potential effects on the immune system were evaluated by immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes and immunohistopathology of lymphoid tissues in fetuses and infants and by T-dependent antibody response (TDAR) to KLH and TTX and by DTH response in infants. Ustekinumab concentrations were measured in serum from dams, fetus, and infants and in breast milk. RESULTS Ustekinumab treatment produced no maternal toxicity and no toxicity in the fetuses or infants, including no effects on the TDAR or DTH responses. Ustekinumab was present in serum from GD100 fetuses and was present in infant serum through day 120 post-birth. Low levels of ustekinumab were present in breast milk. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of macaque fetuses and infants to ustekinumab had no adverse effects on pre- and postnatal development.
Design of extraction method of SSVEP brain activity with IIR Chebyshev

In this paper, an extraction and classification of steady state-visual evoked potentials using the IIR Chebyshev I of 4 order and the adaptive feed-forward Neural Networks algorithm, respectively are applied. The classification results of the extracted signals is directly used to make a user able of controlling the directions (stop, forward, right, and left with stimuli frequencies of 7.5, 10, 15, and 20 Hz, respectively) of a wheelchair based brain computer interface. The data was collected during a session in which fourteen subjects with age about 24±2 years were tested. The average classification accuracy level around 82% of four directions is achieved. It is improve about 13.75% compare with the obtained previous result.
Slam Based on Information fusion of Stereo Vision and Electronic compass

Due to the eﬀects of image resolution, camera calibration and work environment in stereo vision-based robot’s SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), there are certain problems in location accuracy, robustness and anti-jamming capability. Meanwhile, because pose estimation is achieved through incremental iteration, there is also cumulative error. In this paper, an integrated location algorithm based on stereo vision and electronic compass is proposed to improve accuracy and robustness through information fusion. The rotation angles obtained by electronic compass and stereo vision respectively are fused by an improved fuzzy adaptive extended Kalman ﬁlter. Then initial pose estimation is obtained by the rotation angles and 3D coordinates of the time t and the time t +1, and accurate pose estimation is realized by an adaptive particle ﬁlter. Finally, the map is updated by a Kalman ﬁlter. Experiment results show that the location accuracy, robustness and real-time performance are better than stereo vision alone and the traditional fuzzy adaptive extended Kalman ﬁlter.
Effect of low molecular weight heparin on intimal hyperplasia

Intimal hyperplasia is a significant cause of vascular graft failure. To investigate the potential uses of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) as prophylactic agents against graft thrombosis in humans, the anti‐proliferative effects of a regimen of subcutaneous LMWH have been studied in an experimental model. Aortic intimal hyperplasia was created in 30 New Zealand White rabbits by endothelial denudation using an embolectomy balloon catheter technique. Three groups of ten animals were randomized to act as controls or to be treated with subcutaneous LMWH once or twice daily for 4 weeks. At 4 weeks all animals were killed and the aortas were harvested for analysis. The degree of intimal hyperplasia was measured using a computerized image analysis system and was expressed as an intimal:medial area ratio and also as percentage luminal reduction. A 60 per cent reduction in the degree of intimal hyperplasia was seen following treatment with LMWH. Heparin‐treated animals had considerably less luminal reduction (daily LMWH 8 per cent and twice‐daily LMWH 10 per cent) compared with untreated controls (26 per cent) (P < 0.001). There was a similar difference seen in the intima:media area ratios, daily LMWH 0.38, and twice‐daily LMWH 0.44, versus controls, 1.11 (P < 0.001). In an experimental model, subcutaneous LMWH therapy effectively inhibits intimal hyperplasia.
Economic Value of PV Energy Storage Using Batteries of Battery-Switch Stations

The Japanese government has set a power sector goal for photovoltaic (PV) power usage to reach 53 million kW by 2030. To achieve the large-scale introduction of PV, a large storage capacity, in the form of pumped storage systems or batteries, is needed to store surplus electricity from PV plants. At the same time, in the transport sector, the electric vehicle (EV) is being developed as an environmentally friendly vehicle. To promote the diffusion of EVs, we need infrastructure that can charge EVs in a short time; a battery-switch station is one solution to this problem. This study 1) proposes the use of the station batteries as a countermeasure for surplus electricity from PVs and 2) conducts two relevant analyses. In the first analysis, we calculate the marginal value of a battery and an inverter using the Optimal Generation Mix Model (OPTIGEN). In the second analysis, we set the annual lease fee for the inverter and the battery, and calculate the optimum installed capacity of these devices. The results showed that the marginal value of the inverter/battery decreases with increasing inverter/battery capacity. The optimum installed capacity of the inverter/battery is derived from the intersection of the line of marginal value with the line of the annual lease fee. The stations gain an additional profit by leasing batteries to utilities.
HVDC system performance with a neutral conductor

The poles of bipolar HVDC transmission systems are often required to be capable of independent operation. In order to maintain the independence of the poles a return path for the current is needed. If a ground return cannot be used a neutral conductor must be installed, either on the same structures as the pole conductors or on separate structures. A fault on one pole of such a system may cause a fault on the neutral and a fault on the other pole; therefore, a fault must be efficiently cleared. This paper examines the effect a neutral conductor has on HVDC system reliability and the effectiveness of fault clearing devices such as arcing horns and neutral grounding breakers.
Photoimageable Thick-Film Micro-Coaxial Line for DC-to-Millimeter-Wave Broadband Applications

In this paper, the development of an innovative micro-coaxial line technology is presented and developed for dc-to-millimeter-wave broadband applications. This nondispersive line is fabricated using a simple photoimageable thick-film process. Wave-guiding properties of the developed micro-coaxial line are extracted from 1 to 110 GHz, showing an extremely broadband operation. A single transition from micro-coaxial line to grounded coplanar waveguide is used to cover the entire frequency range available through single vector network analyzer. Passive devices are then demonstrated in the form of a 60 GHz band-pass filter and an 8 dB coupler using vertically coupled lines. Measured results of the demonstrative filter show an excellent agreement with simulated results, which present very good performances with 1.5 dB insertion loss over the frequency band of interest. The broadband coupler exhibits an exceptional multioctave bandwidth (from 20 to 82 GHz) and low loss at 1.5 dB.
Discovering new knowledge with advanced data mining tool

In this paper we present the results of an intelligent analysis of database which was gathered during e- learningproject called DISNET [1] in which a random sample of around 300 unemployed people collaborated. The intelligent data analysis using advanced methods for decision tree construction was used in order to try to find the main factors that influence a trainee's progress in knowing how to use e-materials. We also analysed how trainee's gender influences on the usage of e-materials.
Chemical sensors based on randomly stacked graphene flakes

We demonstrate a simple fabrication method to produce randomly stacked graphene chemiresistors using surfactant-assisted exfoliation of graphite. We analyze the sensitivity of such chemiresistors as a function of vacuum filtration volume and temperature. At low vacuum filtration volumes (<∼5 mL) the sensors exhibit superior sensitivity towards target molecules compared to previously developed polycrystalline graphene, polycrystalline graphene microribbon, and carbon nanotube chemical sensors. Temperature dependent measurements, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy suggest the improved sensitivity in the randomly stacked graphene chemiresistors is due to 2-dimensional charge carrier hopping through edge defects.
Oral Direct-Acting Agent Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review.

Background Rapid improvements in hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy have led to the approval of multiple oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of chronic HCV infection. Purpose To summarize published literature on the efficacy and safety of oral DAAs for treatment of persons with chronic HCV infection. Data Sources MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception through 1 November 2016. Study Selection 42 English-language studies from controlled and single-group registered clinical trials of adults with HCV infection that evaluated at least 8 weeks of an FDA-approved interferon-free HCV regimen that included at least 2 DAAs. Data Extraction Two investigators abstracted data on study design, patient characteristics, and virologic and safety outcomes sequentially and assessed quality independently. Data Synthesis Six DAA regimens showed high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates (>95%) in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection without cirrhosis, including those with HIV co-infection. Effective treatments for HCV genotype 3 infection are limited (2 DAA regimens). Patients with hepatic decompensation, particularly those with Child-Turcotte-Pugh class C disease, had lower SVR rates (78% to 87%) than other populations. The addition of ribavirin was associated with increased SVR rates for certain DAA regimens and patient groups. Overall rates of serious adverse events and treatment discontinuation were low (<10% in the general population); regimens that included ribavirin had more mild or moderate adverse events than those without. Limitations Twenty-three studies had moderate risk of bias (10 were open-label single-group trials, 11 had limited information on concealment of the allocation scheme, and 5 had selective outcome reporting). All but 1 of the studies were industry-funded. Heterogeneity of interventions precluded pooling. Conclusion Multiple oral DAA regimens show high rates of safety, tolerability, and efficacy for treatment of HCV genotype 1 infection, particularly among persons without cirrhosis. Primary Funding Source Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. (PROSPERO: CRD42014009711).
Mode analysis of the tree-like networks of nonlinear oscillators

In this work the mode analysis technique of tree-like networks of nonlinear self-oscillatory systems with nonidentity and nonisochrony is developed. We construct adjacency matrices of different type of m-adic tree-like networks, where m is the number of branches from one node, and calculate the normal modes. We demonstrate the fractal structure of the normal modes spectrum, which looks like devils staircase fractal. After spectrum calculation we shift to the truncated equations for slowly varying amplitudes and phases in the normal coordinates using generalized quasi-Hamiltonian approach. Finally, the stability analysis of the normal modes is presented.
Management of lipid exudates in Coats disease by adjuvant intravitreal triamcinolone: effects and complications

Aim To evaluate the role of intravitreal Triamcinolone (TA) in the early management of Coats disease. Methods Retrospective, interventional case series. Results 15 consecutive cases with Coats disease were managed with 4 mg/0.1 ml intravitreal TA injection on presentation and were followed for a minimum of 1 year duration. Additional management strategies including drainage of subretinal fluid through an inferior sclerotomy, peripheral laser ablation and/or cryotherapy, cataract extraction and vitrectomy were performed. Improvement of visual acuity could be achieved compared with preoperative vision in all cases in this series, even when 40% needed cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation. One patient needed antiglaucoma treatment to control raised intraocular pressure in this series. Conclusions Triamcinolone has a role in improving the rate of absorption of subretinal fluid and macular exudates in Coats disease. The major complication of 4 mg/0.1 ml intravitreal triamcinolone is cataract in 40% of cases in children.
The Cochlear Implant in Action: Molecular Changes Induced in the Rat Central Auditory System

Learning is the essence of life. Throughout evolution, all species learn to adapt to a particular environment. As a consequence, organs are formed and reformed, and cellular function extends to respond to a broadening spectrum of types of energy and chemical compounds and focuses on particular stimulus configurations to respond to them in ever subtler ways. In ontogeny, chemical and spatial orientation is essential for the cells of an embryo so that it can grow all parts at the right time and at the right location. Postnatally, the radius from which an organism needs to learn expands from itself to the world surrounding it. For mammals, there appear to be two distinctly different phases of learning from the environment: early in life, or approximately before sexual maturity, and later in life, or post puberty. It has been a remarkable neuroscientific discovery that the molecular machinery employed by organism during their development is subtly but effectively modified to provide neuroplasticity later in life.
Inductance properties of silicon-in-grown horizontal carbon nanotubes

In this study, we investigated the inductance properties of as-grown horizontal MWNT arrays with different length and width combinations. Statistical data processing was employed to explore the relationship between kinetic inductance and dimension of CNT arrays. We have experimentally confirmed that kinetic inductance forward scales with the length of CNTs and reversely scales with the number of CNTs in parallel. This work provides a systematic experimental study of CNT kinetic inductance and provides useful data for further investigating the possibility of using CNT-based inductors in RFIC.
Roentgenographic manifestations of the Prader-Willi syndrome.

The Prader-Willi syndrome consists of neonatal hypotonia, sexual infancy, obesity, and mental retardation. Five recent cases of this entity are presented to illustrate the roentgen findings, which include abnormalities of the calvarium and sella turcica, small hands and feet with thin cortices and over-tubulated bones, and unequal extremities. Other changes are coxa valga, scoliosis, advanced dental caries, and soft-tissue abnormalities. A review of the literature indicates that this syndrome is more common than generally recognized and that many of these patients had been categorized previously as having other similar conditions.
3D reconstruction for underwater laser line scanning

Laser line scan (LLS) is one of the underwater optical imaging methods, which can reduce the detrimental effects of backscatter and forward scatter. This paper put forward a 3D reconstruction method based on the LLS system, for the purpose of underwater surveying. By direct camera calibration, a coordinate mapping relationship between 2D pix coordinate and 3D world coordinate is established, which then can be used to reconstruct 3D objects from 2D scan data. Experiments had been carried out in a pool, and underwater 3D scene can be reconstructed at millimeter scale, which demonstrated that this method can be used to underwater surveying.