Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multichannel Emotion Assessment Framework - Positive and Negative Emotional Dichotomy

While affective computing and the entertainment industry still maintain a substantial gap between themselves, biosignals are subject of digital acquisition through low budget technologic solutions at neglectable invasive levels preventing users from focusing their awareness in the equipment. The integration of electroencephalography, galvanic skin response and oximeter in a multichannel framework constitutes an effort in the path to identify emotional states via biosignals expression. In order to induce and detect specific emotions, gender specific sessions were defined based on the International Affective Picture System and performed in a controlled environment. Results granted by distinct analysis techniques showed that high frequency EEG waves are strongly related to emotions and are a solid ground to perform accurate emotion classification. They have also given strong indications that females are more sensitive to emotion induction. On the other hand, one might conclude that the attained success levels concerning relating emotions to biosignals are extremely encouraging not only to the continuation of this research topic but also to the application of these results in domains such as multimedia entertainment, advertising and medical treatments.
Cortical Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding in Patients with Generalized and Partial Epilepsy

Summary: Impaired cortical inhibition may be involved in epileptogenic mechanisms. In a positron‐emission tomography (PET) study, we demonstrated a reduction of the cortical benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor density in the epileptic foci of patients with partial epileptic seizures. In the present study, we used the same method in 10 patients with primary generalized epilepsy to determine whether an altered BZD receptor binding could also be demonstrated in this patient group. The [11C]‐labeled BZD receptor antagonist Ro 15–1788 was used as ligand. Receptor affinities and densities were calculated in various cortical regions and then compared with the values from corresponding “nonepileptic” regions in the previously examined partial epilepsy patients. Focal alterations of the BZD receptor density or affinity were not demonstrated in patients with generalized epilepsy. This patient group had a slight tendency toward lower mean cortical BZD receptor density, however, as compared with corresponding values from 10 patients with partial epilepsy. Our results strongly suggest that a focal alteration of cortical inhibition is not a prominent feature of human generalized epilepsy. The observed tendency toward lower mean cortical BZD receptor density may be a consequence of diffusely impaired cortical inhibition. Further investigations of this issue are therefore indicated.
Shaping of Hooks in New Caledonian Crows

Many animals use tools, but their understanding of physical forces or causal relations is unclear ([1][1], [2][2]). Primates are considered the most versatile and complex tool users, but observations of New Caledonian crows ( Corvus moneduloides ) ([3–5][3]) raise the possibility that these birds
Role of endogenous oestrogen in aetiology of coronary heart disease: analysis of age related trends in coronary heart disease and breast cancer in England and Wales and Japa

The sex difference in mortality from coronary heart disease decreases with increasing age, suggesting a protective effect of oestrogen in premenopausal women. This decrease is, however, the result of a deceleration in death rates in men, with no change in rates in women around the age of menopause.1 The age specific rate of breast cancer—a condition associated with endogenous oestrogen—does show a change around the age of menopause among women in the United States.2 The relatively low rates of coronary heart disease in premenopausal women may make it difficult to detect an effect of the menopause.3 Rates of breast cancer among Japanese women are low. If low rates of coronary heart disease around the time of the menopause explain the lack of an effect of the menopause on age related …
Reduction of stromal fibroblast-induced mammary tumor growth, by retroviral ribozyme transgenes to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and its receptor, c-MET.

PURPOSE Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is known to increase the invasiveness and migration of cancer cells in vitro and induce angiogenesis. This study examined if inhibition of HGF/SF receptor expression by cancer cells and HGF/SF expression by stromal fibroblasts affects the growth of mammary cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Transgenes encoding ribozymes to specifically target human HGF/SF receptor (pLXSN-MET) or HGF/SF (pLXSN-HGF) were constructed using a pLXSN retroviral vector. Human mammary cancer cells MDA MB 231 was transduced with pLXSN-MET (MDA(+/+)). A human fibroblast cell line MRC5, which produces bioactive HGF/SF, was transduced with pLXSN-HGF (MRC5(+/+)). These cells were used in a nude mice breast tumor model. RESULTS HGF receptor in MDA(+/+) cells and HGF in MRC5(+/+)cells were successfully removed with respective ribozymes as shown by reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. MDA(+/+) was found to have reduced invasiveness when stimulated with HGF/SF. MRC5(+/+) exhibited a significant reduction in HGF/SF production. When injected into athymic nude mice, MDA(+/+) exhibited a slower rate of growth, compared with the wild type (MDA(-/-)), and the cells transduced with control viral vector (MDA(+/-)). The growth of MDA(-/-) tumor was significantly enhanced when coimplanted with wild-type MRC5 (MRC5(-/-)), and the stimulatory effect was reduced when MRC5(+/+) cells were coimplanted instead of MRC5(-/-). The reduction of tumor growth was accompanied by reduction of angiogenesis, as demonstrated by the staining of VE-cadherin in primary tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS Retroviral ribozyme transgenes targeting HGF/SF in fibroblasts or its receptor cMET in mammary cancer cells can reduce the growth of mammary cancer and associated angiogenesis by inhibiting paracrine stromal-tumor cell interactions.
New visions for atopic eczema: An iPAC summary and future trends

Atopic eczema (AE) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus, dry skin and an ongoing course of exacerbations and remissions. AE is a common disorder in children with a worldwide cumulative prevalence of 15–20% in this age group. AE has a strong familial predisposition. While AE is a complex disease with multiple gene involvement, recent interest has focused on genes involved in skin barrier/epidermal differentiation and in immune response/host defense. Recent developments and future directions on pathogenesis, diagnosis, natural course and prognosis are discussed.
Inuit identity and literacy in a Nunavut community

Une des facons utilisees par les Inuit d'Igloolik au Nunavut pour exprimer leur identite est en lisant et en ecrivant en inuktitut et en anglais. Tout depend s'ils savent lire et ecrire en inuktitut d'une facon traditionnelle, s'ils ont ete scolarises (en anglais), et s'ils ont appris les finales (en inuktitut). Les conditions qui ont amene ces processus locaux sont la sedentarisation des Inuit d'Igloolik, leur accreditation par leur education ainsi que la standardisation du systeme d'ecriture en inuktitut. Ces processus ont construit et fait valoir leur identite dans le contexte d'une economie mixte et de l'expansion de l'etat canadien dans le Nord. Selon leur engagement dans ces processus grâce a leur alphabetisation, les Inuit adultes d'Igloolik font partie d'un des trois groupes suivants: aines inuit, bi-alphabetises actifs, ou autres jeunes Inuit.
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and stroke

Cardioembolism, responsible for approximately one-third of cerebral infarctions in Japan, causes serious cerebral infarction with poor prognosis. Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is the most important cause of cardioembolism. Both the occurrence of NVAF and the frequency of its progression to cerebral infarction increase with age. Timely introduction of warfarin depending on the presence or absence of risk factors for cerebral infarction, including age, is essential for the prevention of cardioembolism. At present, monitoring based on PT-INR is indispensable for warfarin therapy. Oral direct thrombin inhibitors seem promising as a future therapy achieving a stable anticoagulation effect by the use of a fixed dose. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are expected to be effective in preventing new atrial fibrillation and maintaining sinus rhythm, offering a promise of clinical usefulness in reducing cerebral infarction, including the prevention of relapse.
Évolution de la maladie de Crohn chez les patients intolérants aux thiopurines

Introduction : La place des thiopurines (TP) dans le traitement de la maladie de Crohn (MC) est discutee. Environ 10% des patients places sous TP ont une intolerance precoce interdisant leur poursuite. Ce travail a pour but de preciser la perte de chance que represente l'intolerance aux TP avant et apres l'ere des anti-TNF. Patients et Methodes : 114 patients avec intolerance precoce aux TP (arret definitif dans la 1ere annee de prescription) ont ete comparees a 228 controles tolerants apparies 2/1 en âge, sexe et anciennete de la MC (registre MICISTA). Ils ont ete divises en 2 cohortes calendaires: avant (1994-2000, n=31) et apres (2001-06, n=83) l'arrivee des anti-TNF. Le critere principal de jugement etait le recours a une chirurgie intestinale. Les criteres accessoires etaient le pourcentage de patients-annees avec maladie cliniquement active, le recours aux antiTNF, la survenue d'un evenement grave (stomie, cancer ou deces). Resultats : Le risque cumule de chirurgie a 5 ans etait de 28,61% chez les intolerants vs 19,03% chez les controles (p=0.01). Les intolerants avaient plus recours aux anti-TNF, une maladie plus active et plus d’evenements graves. Avant 2000, les intolerants avaient plus recours a la chirurgie, aux a-TNF et une maladie plus active. Dans la cohorte 2001-06, les intolerants avaient plus souvent une maladie active et recours aux anti-TNF mais n’etaient pas plus operes. Conclusion : Les intolerants aux TP ont une MC d'evolution plus severe, traduisant la perte de chance que represente l'impossibilite d'utiliser ce traitement. Les anti-TNF compensent en partie ce handicap. Ces resultats demontrent indirectement que les TP gardent un interet therapeutique dans la MC.
Methodological Challenges of Comparative Effectiveness Research in Pain: Implications for Investigators, Clinicians, and Policy Makers

ABSTRACT The prevalence and costs of pain in the United States and throughout the world are high. This demonstrates the importance and need for comparative effectiveness research in pain. Comparative effectiveness research has been defined by the Institute of Medicine as evidence that compares the benefits and harms of treatment alternatives. Decision makers and consumers alike need comparative effectiveness data to aid in the decision making process. However, comparative effectiveness research presents many challenges and, in pain, has primarily been conducted in randomized controlled trials. These trials have some limitations that may prevent the application to the general population. Real world studies complement the information from randomized trials, but contain their own challenges and limitations. The International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research has provided guidelines for the use of real world studies in comparative effectiveness research. The purpose of this article is to describe and address some the key methodological challenges of comparative effectiveness research, especially in pain.
Experimental analysis of out-of-plane Lorentz force actuated magnetic field sensor

: In this article, we present a simple MEMS magnetic sensor based on Lorentz Force principle. In this work, the sensor is designed, fabricated and characterized capacitively using a standard capacitance to voltage MS3110 circuit. The sensor is fabricated based on double thickness PolyMUMP surface micromachining process. In this process, the two Poly layers are combined to increase the thickness of the sensor beams and central shuttle. In response to an input excitation current an out of plane motion due to Lorentz force occurs which is detected by the change in capacitance between the moving and static plate. The experimentally detected resonant frequency of the sensor is 5.1 kHz. The experimental sensitivity achieved by the sensor at atmospheric condition is 5.59 V / T for the input current of 30 mA with a damping ratio of 0.010.
Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Arabidopsis (Brassicaceae)

Abstract Detailed taxonomic, cytological, and phylogenetic accounts of Arabidopsis are presented. As currently delimited, the genus consists of nine species all of which are indigenous to Europe, with the ranges of two species extending into northern and eastern Asia and North American into central United States. A survey of chromosome numbers in the genus is presented, and the country of origin for each count is given. Detailed descriptions of all species and subspecies and keys to all taxa are provided. Generic assignments are updated for the 50 species previously included in Arabidopsis. A cladogram of the species of Arabidopsis based on molecular phylogenetic studies by the authors is given.
Platelet-rich plasma and the biological complexity of tissue regeneration

I congratulate the International Olympic Committee consensus panel1 on having produced as clear a summary of the current understanding of the basic and clinical science relating to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as the body of published literature allows. While there was initially great hope in sports medicine circles that PRP would become the magic bullet for injuries, recent trials such as that of de Vos et al 2 have failed to provide the conclusive evidence so desired. This is not surprising. The more we learn about tissue regeneration, the more apparent it becomes how complex a process it is. Tissue regeneration is not a passive phenomenon, instead it is a highly coordinated interplay of multiple cell lines at different stages of maturation. Different cellular and humoral components play their different roles. The process can be likened to the repair of a collapsed building. Consider muscle injury. The initial cells on the scene, due to bleeding, are platelets, but they appear to …
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Isolates Obtained in German Intensive Care Units

ABSTRACT Screening of 703 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, obtained from 34 German intensive care units (ICUs), revealed qnr-positive, integron-containing isolates of Enterobacter sp. and Citrobacter freundii from four patients in 2 German ICUs. This is one of the first reports of qnr-positive strains obtained from patients in Europe.
Generalized intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets based on an intuitionistic fuzzy residual implicator

This paper presents a general study of generalized intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets integrating the rough set theory with the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory by a constructive approach. By employing an intuitionistic fuzzy residual implicator and its dual operator, generalized upper and lower intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators with respect to an arbitrary intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space are first defined. Then some interesting properties of intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are examined. Finally, the connections between special types of intuitionistic fuzzy relations and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are also established.
Mucosal healing predicts long‐term outcome of maintenance therapy with infliximab in Crohn's disease

Background: Infliximab (IFX) treatment induces mucosal healing (MH) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) but the impact of MH on the long‐term outcome of IFX treatment in CD is still debated. Methods: We studied MH during long‐term treatment with IFX in 214 CD patients. A total of 183 patients (85.5%) responded to induction therapy and 31 patients (14.5%) were primary nonresponders. They underwent lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy within a median of 0.7 months (interquartile range [IQR] 0.1–6.8) prior to first IFX and after a median of 6.7 months (IQR 1.4–24.6) after start of IFX and were further analyzed. The relationship between the outcome of IFX treatment long‐term and MH was studied. Results: MH was observed in 67.8% of the 183 initial responders (n = 124), with 83 patients having complete healing (45.4%) and 41 having partial healing (22.4%). Scheduled IFX treatment from the start resulted in MH more frequently (76.9% MH rate) than episodic treatment (61.0% MH rate; P = 0.0222, odds ratio [OR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–4.12). Concomitant treatment with corticosteroids (CS) had a negative impact on MH (37.9% in patients with CS versus 63.2% in patients without CS; P = 0.021, OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16–0.80). MH was associated with a significantly lower need for major abdominal surgery (MAS) during long‐term follow‐up (14.1% of patients with MH needed MAS versus 38.4% of patients without MH; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: MH induced by long‐term maintenance IFX treatment is associated with an improved long‐term outcome of the disease especially with a lower need for major abdominal surgeries. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;)
Tunable Passively-Synchronized 1-μm Q-Switched and 1.5-μm Gain-Switched Dual-Wavelength Fiber Laser Based on an Er/Yb Codoped Fiber

A wavelength-tunable passively-synchronized 1-μm Q-switched and 1.5-μm gain-switched dual-wavelength pulsed fiber laser has been demonstrated with a single gain fiber for the first time to our knowledge. The realized dual-wavelength co-oscillation is based on a dual ring-cavity configuration with a common Er/Yb co-doped fiber (EYDF). The Q-switched 1-μm pulses are generated through the saturable absorption effect of unpumped EYDF aided by a 1.5-μm oscillation cavity, whereas the 1.5-μm pulses are produced by the gain-switching of Er3+ ions induced by the 1-μm Q-switched pulses. A tuning range of 11.7 nm from 1045.3 to 1057 nm and 29.7 nm from 1535 to 1564.7 nm are obtained at stable synchronized pulse operation for 1 and 1.5-μm spectral bands, respectively.
New insights into the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins by proteolytic processing

Abstract Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate a wide variety of genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. After transcription, SREBPs are controlled at multiple post-transcriptional levels, including proteolytic processing and post-translational modification. Among these, proteolytic processing is a crucial regulatory step that activates SREBPs, which are synthesized as inactive endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins. In this review, we focus on recent progress with regard to signaling pathways and small molecules that affect activation of SREBPs by proteolytic processing.
Cow type and the nutritional environment: nutritional aspects.

Numerous studies have been reported that relate to the influence of cattle type on production efficiency; however, most reported studies have been concerned with output characteristics. This review concentrates on the influence of cattle type on the input requirements and more specifically, energy requirements. Data are presented that show that energy is required for maintenance, growth, gestation and lactation and requirements for each of these functions vary among cattle types. Data are presented that suggest 70 to 75% of total annual energy requirements are required for maintenance functions and variation in requirements for maintenance appear to be greater than variation in requirements for growth, gestation or lactation. In general, variation in maintenance requirements appears to be positively associated with genetic potential for measures of production, e.g., rate of growth or milk production. Reported results suggest that animals having genetic potential for high productivity may have less advantage or be at a disadvantage in a more restrictive environment, suggesting the need for synchronization of production environment and germ plasm resources. Some of the sources of variation in maintenance requirements have been discussed. Data are cited that suggest little of the variation in maintenance energy expenditures is attributable to variation in total body composition per se. However, considerable evidence has accumulated to show that a relatively large proportion of maintenance energy expenditures can be attributed to energy expenditures of visceral organs, especially the liver and gastrointestinal tract. High rates of energy expenditures of these tissues appear to be directly or indirectly associated with the high rates of protein synthesis in these tissues. Greater use of differing research approaches and assimilation of the results are needed to develop an understanding of the reasons for variation among animals in maintenance energy expenditures or energetic efficiency.
La glomerulonefritis aguda en el nino

Forty live ehildren (23 boys) 22to 15 years old (mean age 7.7 years) with clinical and histological evidence ofacute glomerular nephritis (AGN) were followed by 30 months. A.II patients were studied with percutaneous renalbiopsies in tlic first month after the begining of the disease (mean 20 days) and in 31 patients, a second renal biopsywas done: in 12 at x 194 days (range 171 to" 212 days) and in 19 at x 590 days (range 418 to 999 days). With only 5exceptions (11.1%) all patients recalled clinical evidence of antecedent cutaneous (37.8%), respiratory (51.1%) orcombined cutaneous and respiratory infections (11.1%) but group A bctha hcmolitycus estrep toco ecus (GABHE)was only isolated from six patients, probably because of previous antibiotic treatment. Edema and hypertensiondissapearcd in a mean of 8.8 and 4.3 days respectively. Haematuria was present in only 44%of the patients in thefirst urine examination, protemuria in 51% and eilindruria in 29.9% of the cases, but at last, hematuria wasdemonstrated in 41 /45 patients; proteinuria, that was present in a! 3 cases without hematuria, finally ocurred in 95%of all the affected children and eilindruria was detected in 64%of the total series. A good correlation was found inthe histologic study between the magnitude of the lesions at optic and electronic microscopy. In the first biopsy allpatients showed segmental intramembranous, inrnune deposits. In the second series of renal biopsies the intensity ofthe lesions was, clearly, lesser at six months and the microscopical findings were already normal in three cases at 590days. (Key words: Acute glomerular nephritis, symptoms, evolution, renal biopsy, histologic findings, follow up,prognosis).
Biotransformation of ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid by Absidia blakesleeana and Rhizopus oligosporus

Biotransformation of ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid was carried out with Absidia blakesleeana and Rhizopus oligosporus. Absidia blakesleeana produced two novel metabolites, ent-(7α, 9α)-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and ent-(1β, 7α)-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, together with three known compounds: ent-7α-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, ent-(7α, 11β)-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and ent-(7α, 13)-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid. The ent-7α-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and ent-(7α, 9α)-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid were obtained from R. oligosporus. The structures were established by spectroscopic techniques and X-ray crystallography.