Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of self-employment : the case in Vietnam

The determinants of self-employment are widely studied in the economic literature in recent twenty years. However, in the case of Vietnam where self-employed population takes an important proportion in workforce, it remains an under researched area. By using the data from the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2004 (VHLSS2004), this paper aims to provide clearer insights into this area. We use the Heckman method to determine the level and identify the factors that affect the workers' choice between self-employment and wage employment in Vietnam. We emphasize the role of expected earnings differential in workers' decision making. Comparisons between female and male workers are made. Our empirical results show that there exist a number of determinants that permit to construct the pattern of self-employed as well a salary workers in Vietnam. Regardless of educational attainment, experiences and familial background, perspective of having higher earnings plays an important role in choice behavior of workers.
Modeling and Simulation of Voltage Source Inverter with Voltage Drop and Its Application for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motors

Power electronics and electrical machines nowadays offer an extremely wide range of industrial applications. Their modeling and simulation are also a great interest to engineers. In some simulation applications, nonlinear of the power electronic devices is neglected due to its simplicity. Therefore, the performance of the control system obtained is not the same as experimental results. In this paper, a model of two-level three-phase voltage source inverter having its voltage drops is proposed. Then application to direct torque control of three-phase induction motors with the proposed model has studied. Finally, the simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed work.
Individual differences in the nature of the relationship between job and life satisfaction

There is a controversy in the literature over which theory ofthe job-life satisfaction relationship (spillover, compensation or segmentation) is correct. We argue in the present study that each model is possible for different individuals. Using techniques derived from Ghiselli (I960), the results suggested that while the relationship is positive for most individuals, it is not for all. Contributions ofthe findings and future research directions are discussed.
Compound-specific 15 N stable isotope probing of N assimilation by the soil microbial biomass: a new methodological paradigm in soil N cycling

Abstract. A compound-specific nitrogen-15 stable isotope probing (15N-SIP) technique is described which allows investigation of the fate of inorganic- or organic-N amendments to soils. The technique uses gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) to determine the δ15N values of individual amino acids (AAs; determined as N-acetyl, O-isopropyl derivatives) as proxies of biomass protein production. The δ15N values are used together with AA concentrations to quantify N assimilation of 15N-labelled substrates by the soil microbial biomass. The utility of the approach is demonstrated through incubation experiments using inorganic 15N-labelled substrates ammonium (15NH4+) and nitrate (15NO3-) and an organic 15N-labelled substrate, glutamic acid (15N-Glu). Assimilation of all the applied substrates was undetectable based on bulk soil properties, i.e. % total N (% TN), bulk soil N isotope composition and AA concentrations, all of which remained relatively constant throughout the incubation experiments. In contrast, compound-specific AA δ15N values were highly sensitive to N assimilation, providing qualitative and quantitative insights into the cycling and fate of the applied 15N-labelled substrates. The utility of this 15N-AA-SIP technique is considered in relation to other currently available methods for investigating the microbially-mediated assimilation of nitrogenous substrates into the soil organic N pool. This approach will be generally applicable to the study of N cycling in any soil, or indeed, in any complex ecosystem.
Perpetration of Electronic Intrusiveness Among Adolescent Females: Associations With In-Person Dating Violence

Electronic intrusiveness is a form of cyber dating abuse that includes monitoring a partners’ location, whom a partner is talking to, and other private information via technology and social networking sites. The aim of this study was to further explore the prevalence of electronic intrusiveness, as well as to assess how electronic intrusiveness relates to in-person dating violence while controlling for known risk factors for in-person dating violence, namely, depression, emotion regulation, and acceptance of couple violence. Data for this study were drawn from the baseline assessment of a larger clinical trial. A sample of high-risk adolescent females between the ages of 14 and 17 with a lifetime history of prior dating violence victimization or perpetration was used. Participants completed self-report measures for all study variables. Findings demonstrate that perpetration of electronic intrusiveness within the past 3 months is common among a sample of high-risk adolescent females, with rates across various modes of technology ranging from 30% to 57%. Results also revealed electronic intrusiveness is associated with in-person dating violence perpetration after accounting for known risk factors. This study highlights the need to increase awareness of electronic intrusiveness and to better incorporate electronic intrusiveness into theoretical and empirical models of dating violence.
The mitochondrial phosphatidylserine decarboxylase Psd1 is involved in nitrogen starvation-induced mitophagy in yeast

ABSTRACT Mitophagy, the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy, is a central process that is essential for the maintenance of cell homeostasis. It is implicated in the clearance of superfluous or damaged mitochondria and requires specific proteins and regulators to perform. In yeast, Atg32, an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, interacts with the ubiquitin-like Atg8 protein, promoting the recruitment of mitochondria to the phagophore and their sequestration within autophagosomes. Atg8 is anchored to the phagophore and autophagosome membranes thanks to a phosphatidylethanolamine tail. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, several phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis pathways have been characterized, but their contribution to autophagy and mitophagy are unknown. Through different approaches, we show that Psd1, the mitochondrial phosphatidylserine decarboxylase, is involved in mitophagy induction only after nitrogen starvation, whereas Psd2, which is located in vacuole, Golgi and endosome membranes, is required preferentially for mitophagy induction in the stationary phase of growth but also to a lesser extent for nitrogen starvation-induced mitophagy. Our results suggest that the mitophagy defect observed in Δpsd1 yeast cells after nitrogen starvation may be due to a failure of Atg8 recruitment to mitochondria. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Highlighted Article: The mitochondrial phosphatidylserine decarboxylase Psd1 is required for mitophagy induced by nitrogen starvation but not that induced by stationary phase growth.
Performance Improvement of Multi-UserMC-CDMA system Using Discrete Hartly Transform Mapper

Future wireless communication systems must be able to accommodate a large number of users and simultaneously to provide the high data rates at the required quality of service. In this paper a method is proposed to perform the N-Discrete Hartley Transform (N-DHT) mapper, which are equivalent to 4-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, … etc. in spectral efficiency. The N-DHT mapper is chosen in the Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MCCDMA) structure to serve as a data mapper instead of the conventional data mapping techniques like QPSK and QAM schemes. The proposed system is simulated using MATLAB and compared with conventional MC-CDMA for Additive White Gaussian Noise, flat, and multi-path selective fading channels. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate that the proposed system improves the BER performance and reduce the constellation energy as compared with the conventional system.
A Review of Text Summarization

The excessive use of internet and online technologies has caused a rapid growth of electronic data. When a data is being accessed from such a huge repository of e-documents, hundreds and thousands of documents are retrieved. For a user, it is impossible to read all the retrieved documents. Also, these documents contain redundant information. The problem is termed as Information Overload. Text summarization addresses this problem by producing the summary of related documents. Text summarization is one of the typical tasks of text mining. It is among most attractive research areas now-a-days. This paper gives a review of text summarization and defines the criteria for summary generation.
THE BACHELOR WAGE PENALTY HYPOTHESIS EVIDENCE FROM BRITISH HOUSEHOLD PANEL DATA

An earnings gap has been previously shown between bachelor men and married men. The gap appears higher when estimated using OLS . This gap is examined here by considering simple econometrics and with the use of British Household Panel Survey data. The estimate of the gap found from pooled OLS is higher due to unobserved effects; possibly including individual ability. Thus, married men may have earned more even before marriage. The remaining gap of the Fixed Effect estimation of 3.1% as compared to Pooled OLS explains the productivity hypothesis. Married men might have becoming more productive or they have attributes which suit both to “marriage market” and Labour market. Fixed effects estimation shows the correlation between explanatory variables and unobserved effect reported by Stata to be -0.115, which is very low, and the Hausman test strongly rejects that unobserved effect is not correlated with explanatory variable by
Planning the Wild: In Times of Tourist Invasion

Planning the Wild: In Times of Tourist Invasion Many travellers seek wilderness areas to experience unspoilt nature, remoteness and solitude. Maintaining these conditions, however, becomes increasingly difficult once a wilderness area becomes a popular tourist destination, making planning a vital task if areas are to be sustained as wilderness. Given that the wilderness concept is hotly debated, it becomes highly challenging to use in practical work, such as planning. Lately, tourism in Iceland has increased at a rapid rate. The country’s uninhabited Central Highlands are characterized by wilderness landscapes which nowadays attract many tourists. With increased tourism and other land uses, this wilderness landscape is rapidly changing. Iceland’s first National Planning Strategy (NPS) for the Central Highlands has recently been approved by the Icelandic parliament. This paper reviews the extent to which the planning strategy takes tourists’ preferences into consideration and to critically discuss the challenges of tourism planning in wilderness areas. The results highlight the paradox existing between wilderness and tourism development, demonstrating the critical importance of planning tourism in the wild. Despite the fact that the emphasis of the NPS is placed on preserving the wilderness areas of the Highlands, increased accessibility and the availability of tourism facilities are also stressed, thus leaving a door open for the anthropocentric perspective. Therefore some highly debatable issues are left unclear, allowing for open interpretations for the various stakeholders of where and how much tourism development is considered appropriate in the Icelandic Central Highlands.
Towards Identifying Immunogenic Targets in Visceral Leishmaniasis: Role of 17kDa and 63kDa Phosphoproteins

We observed predominant phosphorylation at Protein Kinase C (PKC-α) residue in seven immunoreactive proteins of virulent Leishmania donovani parasites. These phosphoproteins were tested for their ability to stimulate T-cells for secretion of Macrophage Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) in comparision to crude soluble antigen in Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) patients. Two of these phosphorylated L. donovani antigens led Leishmania to present these antigens to Th1 cells, which was obvious from an increased MIF response. These phosphorylated antigens i. e. 63kDa and 17kDa further led to reprogramme CD4 cells for enhanced IFN-γ production. The study suggests that PKC- phosphoryalation in L. donovani antigens can play a critical role in modulation of signal transduction pathway in T-cells to differentiate into Th1 effectors.
Probing the gamma-ray emission from HESS J1834–087 using H.E.S.S. and Fermi LAT observations

Previous observations with HESS have revealed the existence of an extended very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) gamma-ray source, HESS J1834-087, coincident with the SNR W41. The origin of the gamma-ray emission has been further investigated with HESS and the Fermi-LAT. The gamma-ray data provided by 61h (HESS) and 4 yrs (Fermi LAT) of observations cover over 5 decades in energy (1.8GeV - 30TeV). The morphology and spectrum of the TeV and GeV sources have been studied and multi-wavelength data have been used to investigate the origin of the observed emission. The TeV source can be modeled with a sum of two components: one point-like and one significantly extended (sig_TeV = 0.17{\deg}), both centered on SNR W41 and exhibiting spectra described by a power law of index 2.6. The GeV source detected with Fermi is extended (sig_GeV =0.15{\deg}) and morphologically matches the VHE emission. Its spectrum can be described by a power-law with index 2.15 and joins smoothly the one of the whole TeV source. A break appears in the spectra around 100 GeV. Two main scenarios are proposed to explain the emission: a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) or the interaction of SNR W41 with a molecular cloud. X-ray observations suggest the presence of a point-like source (pulsar candidate) near the center of the SNR and non-thermal X-ray diffuse emission which could arise from a potential PWN. The PWN scenario is supported by the match of of the TeV and GeV positions with the putative pulsar. However, the overall spectrum is reproduced by a 1-zone leptonic model only if an excess of low-energy electrons is injected by a high spin-down power pulsar. This low-energy component is not needed if the point-like TeV source is unrelated to the extended GeV and TeV sources. The interacting SNR scenario is supported by the spatial coincidence between the gamma-ray sources, the detection of OH maser lines and the hadronic modeling.
Stratigraphy of the Balsas Group in the Amacuzac area, southern Mexico: relationship with Eocene volcanism and deformation of the Tilzapotla-Taxco sector

The Zapalco-Amacuzac area in the Morelos and Guerrero states, southern Mexico, constitutes one of the classic sectors where Paleogene continental beds of the Balsas Group were originally described. The exposed succession has an apparent thickness of ~2,500 m and it is constituted by two distinct sedimentary units separated by a slightly angular unconformity and by two intercalated ignimbrites (35.1 ± 0.4 and 38.5 ± 0.7 Ma, sanidine, K-Ar). The basal beds of the lower sedimentary unit (Tepetlapa Formation) are constituted by matrix-supported conglomerates that grade upwards to sandstone with a poorly defined planar parallel stratification and some intercalated andesitic and mafic lava flows. One of the andesites yielded a whole rock K-Ar date of 44.5 ± 0.7 Ma. Intercalations of conglomerate beds increase again toward the top of this unit. The upper sedimentary unit (Huajintlan Formation) is constituted by a ~300 m thick succession of matrix-supported conglomerate with some lenses of conglomeratic sandstone. This unit unconformably underlies the Tilzapotla ignimbrite whose best age estimate is 34.3 Ma (sanidine Ar-Ar). The beds of the two sedimentary formations dip east to northeast with higher dips for the lower unit (50-30o). Recognized facies in both units are indicative of an alluvial fan environment with more proximal facies for the Huajintlan Formation. The studied succession is located immediately northwest of a large elliptical (50×30 km) dome structure that resulted from the tumescence stage, in the early evolution of the Tilzapotla caldera, previous to the collapse. The northwestern termination of the dome merges and interferes with the NNE-trending Laramide fold and thrust front of the Iguala Cacahuamilpa highs, near Taxco. In the study area, the dome contours display a local inflection defined by a change in the dip direction of the Morelos and basal beds of the Tepetlapa Formation from north to east. The slight angular unconformity between the Tepetlapa Formation and the overlaying units indicates a first stage of eastward tilting related to an uplift episode in the Taxco area, probably originated by the emplacement of silicic magmas (ca. 38 Ma). The proximal facies of the overlaying Huajintlan Formation and the age (35.1 ± 0.4 Ma) of the Piedras Altas Tuff , indicate that this formation resulted from the rejuvenation of the source area triggered by the tumescence and the initiation of the volcanic activity in the nearby Tilzapotla caldera area. This is confirmed by the higher dips (~50o) of the Tepetlapa Formation near the dome structure and the decreasing dips toward the northeast. The age of one andesite lava flow (44.5 Ma) intercalated in the lower unit is indicative of an Eocene age for the beginning of the Balsas Group accumulation in this area
Peer sexual harassment in adolescent girls: A cross-national study (Spain-Italy)

International studies have concluded that sexual harassment among adolescents is more frequent than expected. However, estimations of sexual harassment vary according to different studies. Some of these differences can be explained in terms of the different dimensions and explicative models used. This descriptive study tried to contribute to this area of investigation testing different models of sexual harassment in a sample of 318 female adolescents (mean age 17.05 years old) of two European countries, Spain and Italy. Using confirmatory analyses and multiple group models in order to assess the measurement invariance across countries, results confirmed that a bi-dimensional model comprising a verbal/visual dimension and sexual harassment with physical contact fitted well. Fitzgerald's model was also tested but fit indices failed to reach acceptable values. Results are discussed in relation to previous studies on this object and in terms of the implications for prevention and intervention programs on sexual harassment and courtship during adolescence.
A novel flume for simulating the effects of wave‐ and tide‐driven water motion on the biogeochemistry of benthic reef communities

We present a new flume for simulating the effects of both steady and oscillatory flow on the biogeochemical fluxes to coral reef communities based on a modified U‐tube design. The flume is designed to recreate the in situ characteristics of a wide range of flows generated by wind, waves, and tides through two configurations. In the first configuration, a propeller driven by a 12‐V DC motor generates steady, unidirectional flow speeds of 5 to 70 cm s−1. In the second configuration, a piston driven by a 1500‐W AC motor is used to generate oscillatory flows that are 5‐12 s in period and have root‐mean‐square flow speeds of up to 50 cm s−1, thus simulating the kinematics of real surface gravity waves in coral reef environments. Experimental coral reef communities are housed in a 3‐m long test section covered with acrylic windows and lit with either 400‐ or 1000‐W metal halide lamps generating photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) irradiances of up to 1000 µEin m−2 s−1. The ratio of the volume of water in the flume to the projected area occupied by the experimental communities ranges from 1.1 to 1.7 m, making possible the expedient measurement of chemical fluxes to and from experimental reef communities. The total cost of the flume is just under $20,000 US for materials and approximately 700 person‐hours of labor.
"Who was getting the highest share of the tiny pie? : Robust analysis of poverty dynamics and its decomposition by Ethiopian socioeconomic groups in the period of 1995 - 2000"

The general distribution of benefit was skewed to major urban centers, educated individuals, employee and individuals headed by formal employee and employers. But in terms of income the economic environment was very effective in avoiding the destitution among the most impoverished but not to rise the over all income among the poor. The economic environment in period 1995 to 2000 seems to discourage the risk takers and failed to improve the welfare of those better off poor. So if better distribution was strong side of this period; inability to raise incomes and discouraged risk taking behavior were the main short comings.
Prognostic value of difference between peripheral venous and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in patients with septic shock: a pilot study

: Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of the difference between peripheral venous and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in patients with septic shock following early resuscitation. Methods This prospective study was conducted among the patients with septic shock treated in our department during the period from May, 2017 to May, 2018. Peripheral venous, peripheral arterial and central venous blood samples were collected simultaneously and analyzed immediately at bedside after 6-h bundle treatment. Arterial blood lactate concentration (Lac) and the arterial (PaCO 2 ), peripheral venous (PpvCO 2 ) and central venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PcvCO 2 ) were recorded. The differences between PpvCO 2 and PaCO 2 (Ppv-aCO 2 ) and between PcvCO 2 and PaCO 2 (Pcv-aCO 2 ) were calculated. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the agreement between Pcv-aCO 2 and Ppv-aCO 2 . Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the possible risk factors for 28-day mortality, and the receiver-operating prognostic values of for total of and died during the 28-day with the survivor group, the within 28 higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score P =0.011), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) P lactate P 6-h logistic regression mmHg, Ppv-aCO 2 had a sensitivity of 70.4% and a specificity of 88.6% for predicting 28-day mortality. The AUC of lactate level was 0.732 (95%CI: 0.607-0.858, P =0.002), and its sensitivity for predicting 28-day mortality was 70.4% and the specificity was 74.3% at the best cut-off value of 3.45 mmol/L; The AUC of Pcv-aCO 2 was 0.766 (95%CI: 0.642-0.891, P <0.001), and its sensitivity was 66.7% and the specificity was 80.0% at the best cut-off value of 7.05 mmHg. Conclusions A high Ppv-aCO 2 after early resuscitation of septic shock is associated with poor outcomes. Ppv-aCO 2 is well correlated with Pcv-aCO 2 and can be used as an independent indicator for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock.
Rat Paw Tracking for Detailed Motion Analysis

This work is part of a research project studying the learning of fine motor skills in rats. A system for tracking a rat paw using a system of high-speed cameras is presented along with preliminary analysis of the correlation between paw movement and neural data. The tracking method is generative, modeling the rat paw as a set of linked ellipsoids. To find the most probable paw pose a number of hypothetical parameter values are explored. For each set of values the paw model is projected in the different cameras and compared to the actual measured images. The pose that is most consistent with the intensity and edge information in the different views is chosen. By efficient utilization of integral images, this evaluation can be performed very quickly, creating a tractable and completely automatic method with good performance. (Less)