Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of Employees' Competence Towards the Development of a Learning Organization

Organizations that focus on the development of employees' competence and shed light on the future are those with learning capacity and enthusiasm. Learning organizations encourage self-organization and are an indispensable part of the innovative process, which is also an integral part of creating an environment that facilitates evolutionary sustainability. It is essential for the employees to be open to innovation and learning in order to increase service quality and bring the implication of being a learning organization to the foreground. The study focuses on appraising the employees in building their capabilities and enhancing leadership skills towards the development of learning organization. The results reveal that the factors, communication, motivation, achievement, and adaptability, show significant relation with the employees' capabilities and leadership skills, and also on the overall performance of managers towards the achievement of organizational goals. The findings of the study will facilitate the management to build strategies in enhancing employees' competence.
Einfluss der Aquiferlithologie des Neckartals auf die Sorption und Sorptionskinetik organischer Schadstoffe

Subsurface contaminations with hydrophobic organic contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) or chlorinated solvents are frequently found in shallow Aquifer systems like the River Neckar valley in SW-Germany. Possible risks that arise for the groundwater quality or the choice of remediation techniques depend on the transport behavior of the contaminants. The transport velocity is mainly determined by sorptive interactions between the dissolved pollutants and the heterogeneous aquifer material. Objective of this work was to investigate sorption and sorption kinetics of phenanthrene and trichloroethylene in different lithocomponents of the heterogeneous River Neckar valley sediments and of fresh rocks of the respective source areas. In addition to petrography methods mainly laboratory batch experiments were performed. Sorption was nonlinear for all samples investigated. In the River Neckar aquifer sediments sorption was governed by triassic and jurassic carbonates. Distribution coefficients are mainly a function of organic carbon content and organic carbon quality. An estimation of sorption capacity based on the organic carbon content and coal petrography methods is possible but gets more difficult due the heterogeneity of the organic matter. Sorption kinetics is diffusion limited and can be modeled using a numerical solution of Fick’s 2 law. Due to their high sorption capacities and low intraparticle porosities the jurassic and especially the triassic carbonates showed very slow sorption kinetics. Faster sorption kinetics was observed for the sandstones due to their low sorption capacities and high intraparticle porosities. In most cases sorption kinetics was governed by intraparticle pore diffusion and predictions of effective diffusion coefficients were possible based on the intraparticle porosity and Archie’s Law. For small grains or highly porous sandstones containing coarse particulate organic matter (POM) diffusion into the organic matter (intrasorbent pore diffusion) is the limiting process in sorptive uptake. Particle sizes of up to 50 μm were observed for POM, furthermore mature organic matter may contain significant amounts of microporosity (pores < 2 nm). For highly porous sandstones containing a low porosity matrix (e.g. as cementation), the diffusion into this matrix may be the limiting process in sorptive uptake. Weathering and transport of the components had no significant impact on sorption and sorption kinetics. Sorption and desorption seems to be reversible at least for the components investigated in this work. Predictions of sorption/desorption kinetics in the heterogeneous River Neckar aquifer sediments is possible based on physical properties and sorption capacities of the different lithocomponents using the numerical modeling for a multicomponent system. Based on the results of this work the reactive transport under nonequilibrium conditions in the River Neckar aquifer sediments can be modeled.
The Functional Link Between AMPK Pathway Activation and Atherosclerosis Progression

The atherosclerosis is a complex pathological process that influences lipid deposition in the intima of middleand large-sized arteries. AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK) is a nutrient sensor that stimulates ATP production and fatty acid oxidation, but inhibits lipogenesis. Moreover, AMPK plays a key role in regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cells de-differentiation involved in atherosclerosis progression.
Genetic differences and population structure of spotted barb (cyprinidae) collected from three rivers in Java Island

Barbodes binotatus is an endemic species and most dominant freshwater fish in Indonesia. This prelilinary study aimed to calculate genetic differences of the species from three different rivers in Java island. A total of 90 specimens were collected from each river and a total of 26 sequences were analyzed using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) region Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI). BLAST analysis showed > 97 % similarity of B. binotatus with another research. The result of sequence analysis showed that B. binotatus from Central Java were not significantly different from B. binotatus from East Java, and B. binotatus from West Java were significantly different from two others. The genetic differences of B. binotatus from three locations were observed in five basepair (335 bp, 399 bp,449 bp, 497 bp, and 545 bp). The result of population structure analysis showed an FST value of 1.00. It suggested that there was genetic differentiation between populations of Pasuruan, Yogyakarta and Cirebon. Inter-location analysis requires to be done to confirm the genetic differences from another regions.
Inbred lines as genetic resources of chickens.

A review of the most widely used highly inbred lines dates back to the 1930's and 1940's. In spite of their relatively low reproductive performance, these lines have played an important role in research on disease resistance and immunology. More recently developed highly inbred lines have been reported at the University of California, Davis. Several laboratories also have begun to breed congenic lines with a common inbred background but differing from each other in important major genes, such as the haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex. Problems relating to the maintenance of isogenic lines are discussed with reference to the standards set for highly inbred lines of laboratory mammals. The value of highly inbred lines for research increases as their biological properties are defined in more and more detail. Published summaries of these characteristics in biological handbooks are essential for adequate access by researchers to these genetic resources.
Temperature Effect of the Theobromine’s Electronic and Antioxidant Properties

Theobromine exists in cocoa, which has an antioxidant ingredient. It is also affect our nervous system. For this reason, it’s very important to know the properties of the theobromine. Theobromine is an experimentally studied molecule in the health and pharmaceutical fields. However, there are not many studies on theobromine properties in the theoretical field. Here, we show how theobromine electronic and antioxidant properties change with temperature theoretically. The calculations, were done by using Density Functional Theory (DFT), at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Six different temperature values (263.15 K, 273.15 K, 288.15 K, 298.15 K, 318.15 K, 328.15 K) were taken into account. Our results presented that the electronic structure of the theobromine didn’t change while the antioxidant properties were changed. Theobromine indicated the most antioxidant property at 263.15 K. Therefore, this situation should be taken into consideration in order to benefit more from the antioxidant properties of theobromine in the field of health and pharmaceuticals.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-LEARNING AMONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

E-learning is playing very important role in the present educational scenario. It has potential to change the whole education system and due to this reason, it has become one of the most preferred subjects for the researchers and scholars working on the various aspects of e-learning. This study is looking into various research works on e-learning for IPTS (Private Institutions of Higher Learning) in Sarawak. The principle objectives of this research includes to examine the suitable research model describing on the methods that shows the motivation in e-learning, (ii) to identify the suitable type of learning in higher education and (iii) to investigate the problems and challenges of implementing e-learning in Private Institute of Higher Learning Sarawak. This study therefore examined the prime factors of two selected IPTS in Sarawak (Saujana Academy of Travel and Tour (SATT) and IBS College (formerly known as Institute BREM Sarawak) in implementing an E-learning and the relations between each influencing factors of acceptance in E-Learning in the University/Colleges by adopting the two basic types of learning which were Computer Based Learning and Internet Based Learning as proposed by Algahtani, 2011. The resulting analysis and interpretation provided a description of the performance of E-Learning influenced by the variables which were the engagement of E-Learning, facilities and computer literacy. The qualitative method in this study derived from a constructive perspective involving in-depth face to face interview with the respondents. The outcome of this study depicted that the influence of internet connectivity and computer-based knowledge equipped the E-Learning implementation and discovered of the advantages and disadvantages of E-Learning in education industry. Based on the findings, three primary variables identified with supporting factors emerged as the critical components categories in this study and these categories represent a conceptual framework for solving E-Learning issues. Article visualizations:
An investigation of the activation of protein kinase complexes in the MyD88 signalling network

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Environmental influence on growth history in marine benthic foraminifera

Abstract Energy availability influences natural selection on the ontogenetic histories of organisms. However, it remains unclear whether physiological controls on size remain constant throughout ontogeny or instead shift as organisms grow larger. Benthic foraminifera provide an opportunity to quantify and interpret the physicochemical controls on both initial (proloculus) and adult volumes across broad environmental gradients using first principles of cell physiology. Here, we measured proloculus and adult test dimensions of 129 modern rotaliid species from published images of holotype specimens, using holotype size to represent the maximum size of all species' occurrences across the North American continental margin. We merged size data with mean annual temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, particulate organic carbon flux, and seawater calcite saturation for 718 unique localities to quantify the relationship between physicochemical variables and among-species adult/proloculus size ratios. We find that correlation of community mean adult/proloculus size ratios with environmental parameters reflects covariation of adult test volume with environmental conditions. Among-species proloculus sizes do not covary identifiably with environmental conditions, consistent with the expectation that environmental constraints on organism size impose stronger selective pressures on adult forms due to lower surface area-to-volume ratios at larger sizes. Among-species adult/proloculus size ratios of foraminifera occurring in resource-limited environments are constrained by the limiting resource in addition to temperature. Identified limiting resources are food in oligotrophic waters and oxygen in oxygen minimum zones. Because among-species variations in adult/proloculus size ratios from the North American continental margin are primarily driven by the local environment's influence on adult sizes, the evolution of foraminiferal sizes over the Phanerozoic may have been strongly influenced by changing oceanographic conditions. Furthermore, lack of correspondence between among-species proloculus sizes and environmental conditions suggests that offspring sizes in foraminifera are rarely limited by physiological constraints and are more susceptible to selection related to other aspects of fitness.
The infrared predissociation spectrum of H3+

Experimental measurements of the infrared predissociation spectrum of the H3+ ion are briefly reviewed. The spectrum involves states between -1100cm-1 and above +2000cm-1 of the dissociation limit into H+ + H2. Over 26 000 lines were seen in the wavenumber range 872–1094 cm-1.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based identification of security-sensitive bacteria: Considerations for Canadian Bruker users.

Background The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) systems for bacterial identification has rapidly become a front line tool for diagnostic laboratories, superseding classical microbiological methods that previously triggered the identification of higher risk pathogens. Unknown Risk Group 3 isolates have been misidentified as less pathogenic species due to spectral library availability, content and quality. Consequently, exposure to higher risk pathogens has been reported within Canadian laboratory staff following the implementation of MALDI-TOF MS. This overview aims to communicate the potential risk to laboratory staff of inaccurate identification of security-sensitive biological agents (SSBA) bacteria and to provide suggestions to mitigate. Methods Cultures were manipulated in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory, prepared for MALDI-TOF MS analysis via full chemical extraction and analysed on a Bruker Microflex LT instrument. Data were analyzed with Biotyper software; comparing raw spectra against MS profiles in three libraries: Bruker Taxonomy; Bruker Security-Restricted; and National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) SSBA libraries. Four years of Bruker MALDI-TOF MS data acquired in-house were reviewed. Results In general, the Bruker MS spectral libraries were less successful in identifying the SSBA bacteria. More successful was the NML library. For example, using a high score cut-off (greater than 2.0), the Bruker SR library was unable to identify 52.8% of our Risk Group 3 agents and near neighbours to the species-level with confidence, whereas the custom NML library was unable to identify only 20.3% of the samples. Conclusion The last four years of data demonstrated both the importance of library selection and the limitations of the various spectral libraries. Enhanced standard operating procedures are advised to reduce laboratory exposure to SSBAs when using MALDI-TOF MS as a front line identification tool.
Clinical neurorestorative cell therapies: Developmental process, current state and future prospective

Clinical cell therapies (CTs) for neurological diseases and cellular damage have been explored for more than 2 decades. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, there are 2 types of cell categories for therapy, namely stem cell-derived CT products and mature/functionally differentiated cell-derived CT products. However, regardless of the type of CT used, the majority of reports of clinical CTs from either small sample sizes based on single-center phase 1 or 2 unblinded trials or retrospective clinical studies showed effects on neurological improvement and the ability to either partially or temporarily thwart the deteriorating cellular processes of the neurodegenerative diseases. There have been only a few prospective, multicenter, randomized, double- blind placebo-control clinical trials of CTs so far in this developing novel area that have shown negative results, and more clinical trials are needed. This will expand our knowledge in exploring the type of cells that yield promising results and restore damaged neurological structure and functions of the central nervous system based on higher level evidence-based medical data. In this review, we briefly introduce the developmental process, current state, and future prospective for clinical neurorestorative CT.
Rhythmicity of follicular growth and plasma hormonal level in low and high producing dairy cows

ABSTRACT Blood samples were collected from the 18 healthy crossbred low producer (Group I) and high producer (Goup II) cows on day 7, 14, 21, 28 postpartum. Plasma progesterone, cortisol and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were measured and follicle growth rhythm was examined by ultrasonography on days 30, 45 and 60 of lactation. The size of the ovary and follicles number were recorded from both the groups of cow. Plasma progesterone level varied between the groups (p < 0.05), week (p < 0.01) and animal. Mean plasma cortisol level did not vary between the groups, however, total Ig level was higher (p < 0.01) in high producing than the low producing group in III and IV fortnights of the experiment. The size of follicles increased (p < 0.05) in both the groups of cows with the increasing days in lactation. Size of follicle was more (p < 0.05) in high producers than the low producers. However, the number of follicles and the conception rate (89 vs. 78%) were non-significant in both the groups. The cows of high producing group conceived with less number of AI/conception than the low producers. Plasma progesterone level did not indicate any set pattern of change in both the groups. High producing cows have high cortisol and total Ig levels in comparison to low producing cows. Growth pattern revealed significant differences in the size of follicles in low and high producing cows, while the number of follicles and conception rate did not differ.
r-Process Sites, their Ejecta Composition, and their Imprint in Galactic Chemical Evolution

From low metallicity stars and the presence of radioactive isotopes in deep-sea sediments we know that the main r-process, producing the heaviest elements, is a rare event. The question remains whether neutron star mergers, via GW170817 the only observed r-process site, are the only contributors or also (a rare class of) supernovae, hypernovae/collapsars, as well as neutron star - black hole mergers qualify as candidates. Early galactic evolution as well as variations in nucleosynthesis signatures, e.g. actinide boost stars, might indicate the need for such other sites. We discuss and present the possible options (a) with respect to possible differences in ejecta amount and composition, and (b) in terms of their timing (onset and frequency) during galactic evolution.
Examining a Mental Health Literacy Intervention Among Economically Disadvantaged Youth

Although mental health problems in adolescence are increasingly common, 60% of diagnosed youth do not receive appropriate mental health treatment. This service gap is even wider among adolescents from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, who face increased mental health stigma and barriers to treatment. Mental health literacy is a pivotal step in addressing the discrepancy between rates of mental health diagnoses and of individuals treated. This study evaluates the influence of a 6-week mental health literacy intervention on economically disadvantaged adolescents’ mental health literacy, implemented by counselors-in-training. From pretest to posttest, adolescents’ mental health knowledge and attitudes toward help-seeking significantly increased, while mental health stigma significantly decreased. These changes were sustained at 1-month follow-up. The results highlight the importance of brief mental health literacy interventions to encourage healthy coping and help-seeking and to dispel stigmatizing beliefs.
In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation Of Piperazine Designer Drugs

xv RESUMO . xvii OUTLINE OF THE THESIS . xix TABLE OF CONTENTS. xxi LIST OF FIGURES . xxiii LIST OF TABLES . xxv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xxvii CHAPTER I . 1 1.1. General aspects . 3 1.2. Dynamics . 5 1.2. 1. In vitro studies . 6 1.2. 2. In vivo studies. 7 1.3. Kinetics . 10 1.4. Clinical studies . 18 1.5. Case reports . 21 1.6. Analysis . 27 1.6. 1. Colorimetric tests . 27 1.6. 2. Immunoassays . 27 1.6. 3. Chromatography . 28 1.6. 3.1. Planar chromatography . 34 1.6. 3.2. Column chromatography . 34 1.6. 4. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) . 36 1.7. Intoxication and treatment . 37 1.8. References . 38 CHAPTER II . 45 CHAPTER III . 49 Study I . 51 Study II . 65 Study III . 93 Study IV . 123 CHAPTER IV . 149 4.1 Integrated discussion . 151 4.2 References . 163 CHAPTER V . 169 CHAPTER VI . 173
Assessment of Salmonella enterica Biofilms and Expression Differences Among Serovars

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms associated by a matrix of extracellular polymers. In this state, microorganisms occupy an ecological niche distinct from their freefloating, planktonic counterparts. Also, biofilm bacteria become biologically unique as they form communities and lose motility. The acquisition of these physiological attributes enables the biofilm to persist through harsh environmental conditions, including antimicrobial induced stress and to resist sanitization efforts. Because of these features, biofilms can rapidly disseminate across numerous surfaces and as they establish, become challenging to remove. This is a particular issue for the food industry as processing plants offer favorable conditions for biofilm formation by providing complex surfaces composed of diverse materials that are frequently inoculated with pathogens and provide an abundance of nutrients and water. This thesis initiates investigations into the mechanisms behind biofilm formation in processing plants, and with such knowledge potentially result in novel treatments in the future. In particular, Salmonella enterica, one of the most prevalent foodborne pathogens worldwide, can produce biofilms that are difficult to remove. The thesis starts with a literature review detailing the mechanisms behind biofilm formation, evaluating the state of biofilms in food processing, and finishing with current and future mitigation strategies (Chapter 1). Next, this thesis includes four research chapters, with the first evaluating the ability of disinfectants to reduce Salmonella biofilms (Chapter 2); the second with a genome announcement about our genomic elucidation of four Salmonella strains isolated from poultry sources that are known to produce biofilms (Chapter 3); the third detailing our exploration of the pellicle forming properties of Salmonella with a focus on the lesser studied Kentucky serovar (Chapter 4); before ending with an evaluation of transcriptional dynamics of poultry isolates of different Salmonella serovars during biofilm formation (Chapter 5). Data presented herein will provide novel insight into Salmonella biofilm dynamics, mitigation, and