Strošek In Učinkovitost Zdravljenja Shizofrenije Z Atipičnimi Antipsihotiki V Sloveniji: Raziskava Stroškovne Učinkovitosti / The Cost And Effects Of Atypical Antipsychotic Agents In Patients With Schizophrenia In Slovenia: A Cost Effectiveness Study

Izvleček Uvod: Zdravljenje z atipičnimi antipsihotiki predstavlja najpomembnejši način zdravljenja bolnikov z akutno shizofrenijo in predstavlja veliki strošek. V Sloveniji nam primanjkuje raziskav stroškovne učinkovitosti atipičnih antipsihotikov, ki jih lahko uporabimo v klinični praksi. Namen: Osnovni namen raziskave je bil primerjava stroškov in učinkovitosti petih atipičnih antipsihotikov z največjim tržnim deležem v letu 2011 v Sloveniji. V raziskavo smo vključili aripiprazol, kvetiapin, paliperidon, risperidon in olanzapin. Metode: Ciljna populacija v raziskavi so bili slovenski bolniki z akutno shizofrenijo. Vsak izmed petih antipsihotikov predstavlja glavno vejo odločitvenega drevesa. Terapevtska učinkovitost je bila določena kot verjetnost letne remisije. Ceno dnevnega zdravljenja s posameznim zdravilom smo pridobili iz podatkov tržnega deleža in prometa v letu 2011, stroške mentalnega zdravstvenega varstva v Sloveniji pa smo pridobili iz podatkov Zavoda za zdravstveno zavarovanje Republike Slovenije. Raziskava je bila zasnovana z vidika plačnika, tj. Zavoda za zdravstveno zavarovanje Republike Slovenije. Rezultati: Zdravljenje z risperidonom je najcenejše, najučinkovitejše pa z olanzapinom. Strategija zdravljenja z risperidonom ima najmanjši kvocient med stroški in učinkovitostjo. Strategije zdravljenja z aripiprazolom, s kvetiapinom in paliperidonom so prevladujoče. Cene letnega zdravljenja so: 6.812 EUR za risperidon, 7.509 EUR za kvetiapin, 7.295 EUR za olanzapin, 8.229 EUR za aripiprazol in 8.044 EUR za paliperidon. Učinkovitosti, podane v deležu letne remisije, so: 0,605 - kvetiapin, 0,603 - aripiprazol, 0,671 - risperidon, 0,723 - olanzapin in 0,712 - paliperidon. Sklep: Rezultati študije kažejo, da je najbolj stroškovno učinkovito zdravljenje akutne shizofrenije z risperidonom in olanzapinom Abstract Background: Treatment with atypical antipsychotics is the most important treatment for patients with acute schizophrenia and represents a significant cost. In Slovenia there is lack of studies of cost-effectiveness that can be used in clinical practice. Objective: The primary purpose of the study was to compare the costs and effectiveness of five atypical antipsychotic with the largest market share in 2011 in Slovenia. The study included aripiprazole, quetiapine, paliperidone, risperidone and olanzapine. Methods: The target population of the study were patients with acute schizophrenia in Slovenia. Each of the five antipsychotic drugs represents a major branch of the decision tree. Therapeutic effectiveness was defined as the percentage of patients in remission. The cost of daily treatment with each drug was obtained from the data traffic and market share in 2011, the costs of mental health care in Slovenia from the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia. The study was conducted from the payer’s perspective, the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia. Results: Treatment with risperidone is the cheapest, while the most efficient is olanzapine. The strategy of treatment with risperidone has the smallest ration of cost-effectiveness. The strategy of treatment with aripiprazole, paliperidone and quetiapine are dominated. The price of treatment per year: €6812 for risperidone, €7509 for quetiapine, €7295 for olanzapine, €8229 for aripiprazole and €8044 for paliperidone. The efficiency given as a percentage of patients in remission are: 0.605 for quetiapine, 0.603 for aripiprazole, 0.671 for risperidone, 0.723 for olanzapine and 0.712 for paliperidone. Conclusion: The data shows that the most cost-effective treatment of acute schizophrenia is with risperidone and olanzapine.