Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electronic Health Record: Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures

Discover How Electronic Health Records Are Built to Drive the Next Generation of Healthcare DeliveryThe increased role of IT in the healthcare sector has led to the coining of a new phrase "health informatics," which deals with the use of IT for better healthcare services. Health informatics applications often involve maintaining the health records of individuals, in digital form, which is referred to as an Electronic Health Record (EHR). Building and implementing an EHR infrastructure requires an understanding of healthcare standards, coding systems, and frameworks. This book provides an overview of different health informatics resources and artifacts that underlie the design and development of interoperable healthcare systems and applications. Electronic Health Record: Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures compiles, for the first time, study and analysis results that EHR professionals previously had to gather from multiple sources. It benefits readers by giving them an understanding of what roles a particular healthcare standard, code, or framework plays in EHR design and overall IT-enabled healthcare services along with the issues involved. This book on Electronic Health Record:Offers the most comprehensive coverage of available EHR Standards including ISO, European Union Standards, and national initiatives by Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, and many othersProvides assessment of existing standardsIncludes a glossary of frequently used terms in the area of EHRContains numerous diagrams and illustrations to facilitate comprehensionDiscusses security and reliability of data
Functional form and interactions of the drivers of understory non‐native plant invasions in northern US forests

1. The number and rate of non‐native plant invasions in forests have been steadily increasing over the last century with profound consequences for the composition, structure and functioning of these ecosystems. While multiple regional, landscape and local environmental factors are known to drive the spread of non‐native invasive plant species (NNIPS) into forests, such factors have rarely been analysed within a unified analytical framework allowing for the assessment of their relative importance, possible non‐linear behaviour and interactions. Obtaining such knowledge would improve the understanding and allow prediction of forest plant invasions and help prioritize actions for effective NNIPS control and mitigation. 2. We used boosted regression trees and Bayesian non‐linear regression to analyse forest inventory data spanning 14 northern US states in combination with data on climate, land use and disturbance. Within each framework, we assessed the magnitude, direction and functional form of the effects of 18 regional to local environmental factors and their interactions on the probability of presence and richness of NNIPS in the forest understory, while controlling for sampling intensity, data collection time and spatial autocorrelation. 3. The studied drivers together captured nearly 50% of the variation in NNIPS occurrence and richness and were sufficient to obtain sensible predictions. Most drivers exhibited monotonic non‐linear individual effects and several drivers showed non‐additive combined effects. Temperature and landscape openness were the two major determinants of NNIPS presence and richness, but their effects were to a different degree moderated by elevation, climatic and topographic wetness, and stand age. Stand age was a more important predictor of NNIPS invasion than stand productivity. Deer density tended to be positively associated with NNIPS, whereas gypsy moth outbreaks possibly have increased resistance to plant invasions. 4. Synthesis and applications. To optimize non‐native invasive plant species (NNIPS) control efforts in forests, it is important to explicitly account for the functional form and interactions among the factors operating across spatial and temporal scales. Increasing the average stand age at the landscape and regional levels is essential for buffering against further invasions. Recurrent canopy disturbance likely slowed down NNIPS invasion previously, yet whether this holds under higher propagule pressure remains unknown.
Estudo dos Polimorfismos dos Genes CLU e CR1 na depressão e na demência de Alzheimer de início tardio em idosos brasileiros

A demencia e a depressao representam causas importantes de dependencia e incapacidade entre os idosos, com profundas consequencias para a familia e o sistema de saude. O estudo dos biomarcadores e fundamental para a compreensao dos mecanismos fisiopatologicos da doenca e, consequentemente, para o diagnostico precoce e busca de novos alvos terapeuticos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a existencia de associacao entre os polimorfismos do gene da Clusterin (CLU) e do Receptor 1 do Complemento (CR1) e demencia e depressao em idosos brasileiros. O estudo foi observacional e transversal, com 501 individuos com idade acima de 60 anos, separados em tres grupos distintos: controle (108 individuos), demencia de Alzheimer (211 individuos) e depressao maior (182 individuos), que foram comparados com relacao aos dados socio-demograficos, variaveis clinicas e polimorfismos geneticos. A media de idade foi de 78 anos, 80 anos e 76 anos nos grupos controle, demencia de Alzheimer e depressao respectivamente. Em todos os grupos, houve predominio do sexo feminino e a escolaridade variou de 3 a 4,2 anos. A media do MEEM foi de 13 pontos (Demencia de Alzheimer), 23 pontos Depressao) e 26 pontos (Controle). O estudo encontrou uma associacao de risco para a doenca de Alzheimer entre o alelo ancestral C (OR= 1,52; p=0,01) e o genotipo C/C (OR=2; p=0,02) para o rs2279590 do gene codificador da Clusterin (CLU). A analise haplotipica para os SNPs da CLU (rs22790590 e rs9331888) mostrou uma associacao entre o haplotipo C-C e o risco para DA, por ter sido encontrado com maior frequencia nos casos (OR 1,23; p=0,02). Por sua vez, o haplotipo C-T foi significativamente mais frequente nos controles (OR 0,77; p=0,03), sugerindo um efeito protetor. Todavia, estas associacoes nao foram mantidas apos o ajustamento com 1.000 permutacoes, o que se deveu, possivelmente, ao tamanho da amostra. Nao houve associacao alelica, nem genotipica, entre o SNP rs9331888 da CLU e o SNP rs6656401 do CR1 com a doenca de Alzheimer. Para depressao, nao houve associacao com nenhuma dos biomarcadores geneticos avaliados. O estudo reforca a hipotese da associacao entre o polimorfismo do gene da Clusterin (CLU) e o risco para o desenvolvimento da doenca de Alzheimer.
A Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Classification Framework for the 2020+ European Common Agricultural Policy: A Case Study in València (Spain)

This paper proposes a methodology for deriving an agreement map between the Spanish Land Parcel Information System (LPIS), also known as SIGPAC, and a classification map obtained from multitemporal Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data. The study area comprises the province of València (Spain). The approach exploits predictions and class probabilities obtained from an ensemble method of decision trees (boosting trees). The overall accuracy reaches 91.18% when using only Sentinel-2 data and increases up to 93.96% when Sentinel-1 data are added in the training process. Blending both Setninel-1 and Sentinel-2 data causes a remarkable classification improvement ranging from 3.6 to 8.7 percentage points over shrubs, forest, and pasture with trees, which are the most confusing classes in the optical domain as demonstrated by a spectral separability analysis. The derived agreement map is built upon combining per pixel classifications, their probabilities, and the Spanish LPIS. This map can be exploited into the decision-making chain for subsidies payment to cope with the 2020+ European Common Agricultural Policy (CAP).
Blackstone's Senior Investigating Officers' Handbook

1. Role of the SIO 2. Decision Making 3. Leadership, Teamwork and Ethical Standards 4. Initial Response 5. Crime Scene Examination 6. Conducting an Investigation 7. Conducting Briefings 8. Investigative Strategies 9. Family Liaison, Independent Advisory Groups & Community Impact Assessments 10. Dealing with Witnesses 11. Dealing with Suspects 12. Forensic Pathology for SIOs 13. News Media Handling Appendices
Pesquisa de bactrias do gnero Vibrio em feridas cutneas de pescadores do municpio de Raposa-MA

The study was undertaken aiming at identifying bacteria from the county of Raposa in the state of Maranhao. The clinical sample was collected by using a swab and held in a Cary-Blair transport medium. Enrichment in alkaline peptone water, isolation in TCBS selective indicator medium and biochemical coding of species were used for laboratory processing. Fifty fisherman with age varying from 12-65 years took part on the study. Vibrio bacteria isolated in 21 subjects had been identified. There was a predominance of V. alginolyticus (66.6%) followed by V. parahaemolyticus (42.8%), and V. cholerae non-O1 (9.5%). Lesions predominated on lower limbs, presenting hyperhemia, swelling, secretion, and pain. Some species of gram-negative bacteria of the Serratia, Proteus, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter associated to the vibrios were isolated, as well as other non-fermenting bacteria (30.9) and gram-positive bacteria of the genos Staphylococcus.
Enzymes et histologie de la muqueuse intestinale de nourrissons africains allaités.

Weight gain and statural growth are slow in the Kivu area (Zaire), as compared with international reference curves. One hypothesis put forward to explain this well-documented but poorly understood fact is inadequate breast-feeding with early intake of foods responsible for the introduction of microorganisms with deleterious effects on the digestive tract. A study of intestinal mucosa specimens from 90 at least partially breast-fed infants (4 to 22 months) showed that the appearance of the jejunal mucosa was consistently abnormal, as compared with histologic standards used in Europe. Furthermore, intestinal disaccharidase activities were always abnormal; lactase activities were extremely low and alpha-glucosidase activities were reduced by one-third to one-half as compared with European reference values. Age apparently influenced the magnitude of these modifications, whereas the correlation with nutritional status was less clear; only a correlation between the serum albumin level and the microscopic appearance of jejunal biopsy specimens was found. Intestinal alpha-glucosidase levels were lower in those patients with giardiasis. These findings demonstrate that in Kivu early atrophy of the intestinal mucosa contributes, together with the protein-calory malnutrition, to the lower growth rates in infants.
Evaluation of Neuropathic Extremity Pain in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Introduction: Neuropathic extremity pain is one of the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the frequency and severity of neuropathic extremity pain in subtypes of MS. Methods: Patients with the diagnosis of MS were included in the study, consecutively. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were recorded. Patients’ pain severity was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS). For the evaluation of neuropathic pain Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs (LANSS) and douleur neuropathique 4 questions (DN4) were used. Disability was assessed with the Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results: One hundred and three patients were included and 82.5% of them had relapsing-remitting (RR) MS. According to LANSS and DN4, 47.6% of patients had neuropathic pain. Female patients had significantly higher pain scores. There was no significant difference between the subtypes of MS based on having neuropathic pain. Patients with seconder progressive (SP) MS had significantly higher EDSS. A significant positive correlation was detected between EDSS score and duration of disease. Conclusion: Regardless of the MS subtype patients had neuropathic pain. Patients with SP had significantly higher disease duration and EDSS which were correlated with each other. All patients with the diagnosis of MS should be evaluated for neuropathic pain.
Illness in the home : a study of 25,000 illnesses in a group of Cleveland families

An increasingly rich harvest is being reaped from longitudinal studies that were begun in times that now seem remote, but that illuminate some urgent present concerns. The present highly detailed study was begun in 1947, and embodied a 10 years' observation of the illness experience of 86 Cleveland families comprising 443 individuals. Special attention was paid by the investigators to "common" and "specific" respiratory diseases, influenza, and infectious gastroenteritis; other illnesses were also recorded. A number of papers reporting data from the early years of the study are well-known to public health workers and the present volume has been long awaited. The originality of the study consisted in Dingle and his associates' concept of the family as an epidemiological unit, and addressed themselves therefrom to the themes of the amount of illness in families, and the family role in the etiology and transmission of common illnesses. They have produced a substantial report, impressive in its concept, convincing in its thoroughness, and of workmanlike solidity, yet ultimately disappointing, both because the findings are not particularly revealing, nor are the implications of the findings for family and personal health carefully explored. The families studied were intact at the point of entry, consisting of parents in their early thirties, with from one to six children, living in a single house in Unsolicited reviews cannot be accepted.
Down for the Count: A Prison Library Handbook

Examines all aspects of establishing prison library service, describing process models and procedures that can result in overcoming negative sentiment. Includes examples of prison library regulation, state prison library standards, recommended readings, and a list of advocacy organizations. An outline of a clerical training program for inmate assistants and a user satisfaction survey are also included.
Exclusive enteral nutrition: An optimal care pathway for use in adult patients with active Crohn's disease

Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is progressively being used as a therapeutic option for adults with Crohn's Disease (CD); however, there is no standardized approach to delivering this therapy. The aim of this study is to develop an optimal care pathway for using EEN in adults with CD. This will create a standard of care that can be used as a benchmark practice and will provide direction for future research.
Clinical Article Frameless stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy for intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder

Summary Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, disabling disorder. Psychosurgery may be indicated for a subset of patients for whom no conventional treatment is satisfactory. This paper focuses on the stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy (SST). Thus far, these procedures have been carried out using frame-based stereotactic techniques. However, modern – highly accurate – frameless stereotactic procedures have successfully been introduced in neurosurgical practice. We developed a novel frameless stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy procedure with promising initial results in a patient suffering from intractable OCD. This is the first report on frameless SST. Future studies should examine whether other ablative stereotactic psychosurgery procedures can be done using frameless stereotactic methods.
Prognostic Signification of Admission Hyperglycemia among Acute Stroke Patients in Intensive Care Units in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although admission hyperglycemia has been reported to be associated with unfavorable outcomes in acute stroke, little is known about this association in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic significance of admission hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke in Congolese patients. METHODS: In a multicenter prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with acute stroke were examined in 5 Emergency Rooms or Intensive Care Units of Kinshasa between July 15th, 2017 and March 15th, 2018. The severity of stroke was assessed at admission using the Glasgow Coma Scale. Stress hyperglycemia was defined as random blood glucose levels at admission > 140 mg/dL in patients without known type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The endpoint was 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality. Survival (time-to-death) curves were built using the Kaplan Meier methods. Cox proportional analysis was used to identify predictors of 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality. The predictive performance of blood glucose level to predict 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality was assessed using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: Out of 194 patients (mean age 58.7 ± 13.1 years; 64% males, 74.7% light to moderate stroke severity; 63.4% ischemic stroke) enrolled, 106 (54.6%) had admission hyperglycemia with 77 (72.6%) having stress hyperglycemia. Ninety four deaths (48.5%); mortality rate of 6 deaths per 100 person-days (95%CI 2.7 - 9.3) occurred during a median follow up time 6 (5 - 7) days equivalent to 1542 person-days. Independent predictors of 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality were admission hyperglycemia regardless of diabetes status (aHR 3.77; 95%CI 1.92 - 7.42; p - 5.23; p = 0.001) and non-use of mechanical ventilation (aHR 1.97; 95%CI 1.05 - 3.70; p = 0.034). Blood glucose concentrations (AUC 0.743; 95%CI 0.672 - 0.814) had a better predictive performance for 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality with an optimal value of 154 mg/dL (sensitivity 76.6% and specificity 70%). CONCLUSION: More than half of critically ill stroke patients exhibit admission hyperglycemia that impacts negatively on their survival in the acute phase highlighting thus the need for a better blood glucose control to improve outcomes.
Service delivery to rural older adults : research, policy, and practice

* List of Contributors * Foreword * Preface * Acknowledgements Section 1: Overview * Introduction: Aging in Rural America, R. Turner Goins, PhD, John A. Krout, PhD * Service Delivery to Rural Elders: Barriers and Challenges, John A. Krout, PhD, * C. Neil Bull, PhD * Demographic and Resettlement Impacts on Rural Services, Don E. Bradley, PhD, Charles F. Longino, Jr, PhD * Service Issues Among Rural Racial and Ethnic Minority Elders, R. Turner Goins, PhD, Jim Mitchell, PhD, Bei Wu, PhD Section 2: Health Service Provision and Policy Issues * Nutrition and Health Service Delivery in Rural Areas, Joseph R. Sharkey, PhD, Jane N. Bolin, PhD * Rural Hospitals and Long-Term Care: The Challenges of Diversification and Integration Strategies, Andrew F. Coburn, PhD, Stephenie L. Loux, MS, Elise J. Bolda, PhD * Changes in the Medicare Program: Meeting New Challenges in Rural Health Care Delivery, Keith J. Mueller, PhD, Timothy D. McBride, PhD. Section 3: Selected Services * Caregiving in a Rural Context, Donna L. Wagner, PhD, Kelly J. Niles, MPA * Housing for Rural Elders: Policies, Practices, and Prospects W. Edward Folts, PhD, Kenneth B. Muir, PhD, James R. Peacock, PhD, Bradley Nash Jr, PhD, Katherine Jones, BA * Transportation and Aging: Challenges in Rural America Helen Kerschner, PhD Section 4: Moving Forward: Technology and System Change * Transforming Rural Health Care: The Role of Technology, Linda Redford, PhD, Ryan Spaulding, PhD * Public Policy and Rural Aging, David K. Brown, PhD, Robert Blancato, MPA * Summary and Conclusion, John A. Krout, PhD, R. Turner Goins, PhD.
How Emotional Displays of Political Leaders Shape Citizen Attitudes: The Case of German Chancellor Angela Merkel

The personalised format of TV broadcasts and more recently the self-presentation on social media platforms are seen by some scholars as enhancing the role of political leaders on public opinion formation. The visibility of their emotional displays could further shape citizen attitudes towards political leaders. As demonstrated by some empirical studies, American presidents often succeeded in improving their approval ratings by displaying positive emotions, but lost support when sending negative emotional messages. This article examines whether similar processes of emotional contagion occur in the different institutional and cultural setting of Germany. It analyses whether positive and negative emotional displays of German Chancellor Angela Merkel change the assessment of her general and specific leadership qualities among the recipients. Although the data largely support the assumption of a positive contagion, they also show that these effects are mainly limited to Merkel’s general evaluation and likeability ratings, but do not strongly pertain to the assessment of her performance, strength as a political leader and trust in her. Moreover, as demonstrated by a variation of the experimental setting, emotional contagion depends on the political context such as the co-appearing political opponents.
Screening and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes: A Systemic Review

Purpose: Review interventions that increase screening for or prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at greater risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Studies conducted on other high-risk subjects have had success reducing rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: An online search of three electronic databases was conducted. Studies were read and evaluated for design, sample, intervention type, and results. Results : A limited number of studies have been completed. Short-term success at reducing modifiable risk factor was found using a lifestyle intervention or diet, while educational interventions to improve screening rates had significant successes. Vitamin D had only a small impact, while Metformin showed promise in women with GDM. Breastfeeding was linked to delaying or preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: The findings of this review were limited. There is potential to delay type 2 diabetes in women with GDM, however more research in this area is required. ,-! /0/1&2/3&4! 5. /607/&78&693:&0/&;7:. /&;06<&2&<0,67! =&78&13:&&&&& &? &
Presence of pseudopolyps in ulcerative colitis is associated with a higher risk for treatment escalation

Background Pseudopolyps in ulcerative colitis (UC) are considered as indicators of previous episodes of severe inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa. The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of patients treated for UC, with or without pseudopolyps. Methods This was a retrospective single-center study. Consecutive patients with UC and available endoscopic data from 2000 until 2016 were eligible for the study and were followed until June 2017. Patients with incomplete medical/endoscopic charts or interrupted follow up were excluded from the study. Primary outcomes included time to treatment escalation, treatment escalation to biological agents or surgery, and UC-related hospitalization. Results Eighty-three UC patients were included in the study, of whom 25 (30%) had pseudopolyps. The median duration of follow up was 2.8 years (interquartile range: 1.1-4.9). Multiple Cox regression analysis identified the presence of pseudopolyps as the only variable independently associated with treatment escalation (hazard ratio [HR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-4.3; P=0.014) and escalation to biological agents or surgery (HR 6.3, 95%CI 1.9-20.7; P=0.002). Conclusion This retrospective single-center study provides the first preliminary evidence that patients with UC and pseudopolyps may represent a subpopulation with a higher inflammatory burden and a greater need for treatment escalation, including to biological agents or surgery. Large, prospective multicenter studies are certainly warranted to confirm these findings.