Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Restriction endonuclease and nucleotide sequence analyses of molecularly cloned unintegrated avian tumor virus DNA: structure of large terminal repeats in circle junctions

Avian tumor virus supercoiled DNA was isolated from infected quail tumor cells and molecularly cloned in pBR322. Four different recombinant clones denoted pATV-6, pATV-7, pATV-8, and pATV-9 were characterized in detail by restriction endonuclease mapping and by DNA sequencing. The results of these studies indicate that (i) the two large terminal repeats (LTRs) present in PATV-6, are different sizes, (ii) pATV-8 and pATV-9 contain only one LTR, (iii) pATV-7 contains an inversion of 0.6 kilobase in the env gene and a deletion of the U3 region and the src gene, and (iv) the src gene is deleted in pATV-6 and pATV-9. Circle formation from linear molecules was also examined in several of the clones by DNA sequencing through the circle joint. pATV-6 is an example of one class of circular molecules and contains a partially repeated LTR similar to that reported by Ju and Skalka (Cell 22:379-386, 1980). A second class of circles was exemplified by pATV-8 and pATV-9, which contain a single copy of the LTR with no base changes or deletions. This is in contrast to a class of circles containing a complete double LTR structure described by Swanstrom et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:124-128, 1981) and suggests that circles containing a single intact LTR may be formed by a homologous recombinational event in which an entire LTR or complementary regions from both LTRs are removed from the linear DNA molecule during circularization.
Customizing Complex Products: When Should the Vendor Take Control?

Casual observation suggests that firms use contrasting practices and procedures when offering customized products to individual customers. Some firms take a “hands-off” approach and let customers self-select their desired product. In contrast, other firms are proactively involved in designing customized solutions to individual customer needs. The authors call the former “low vendor customization control” and the latter “high vendor customization control. ” Despite the strategic importance of customization, no research has shed light on the rationale for using these contrasting approaches to customization and their normative consequences. The authors develop a conceptual model that contends that the appropriate level of vendor control over the customization decision is a function of technology and knowledge considerations. They use data on 304 procurement arrangements for customized products to test their hypotheses and to explore the normative ramifications for three key measures of performance: closeness of the delivered product to customer needs, delivery performance, and the vendor's operating profits. The results show that contracting parties choose the level of vendor control over customization in a strategic and discriminating way to enhance the benefits from customization for both parties. The authors discuss implications for both theory and practice.
Self-Oscillating Fly-back Converter for Mobile Batteries Charging Applications

The self-oscillating flyback converter is a popular circuit for cost-sensitive applications due to its simplicity and low component count. This paper presents self-oscillating fly-back converter for mobile batteries charging applications. The converter is designed to step-down the high voltage input to an acceptable level from 220 VAC to 7VDC. By adding indictor and capacitor the power factor and input currant increased, and became 500mA, where the old input currant was 250mA, Diode was connected between Emitter and collector, so the output voltage was improved, and has less ripple, in addition to the soft switching was obtained, simulation model is developed by using MULTISIM software. The operation principle of this converter is described using some operating waveforms based on simulation results and a detailed circuit operation analysis. Analytical results are verified by laboratory experiment. With an input of 220 VAC, 500mA and an output of 7V DC, the efficiency of circuit was75%. Index Terms: Mobile battery charger, DC-DC converter, fly back converter, self-oscillating fly-back converter
Determinants of Performance of Closely-Held (Family) Firms after Going Public: The Role of the Ownership Structure, Economy, Changes in Top Management, Partial Sale, Equity Concentration after the IPO and Shareholders in Management

When a closely-held (family) company goes public, there are very specific and particular determinants that have crucial influences on the post-going public operational, social and financial performance of those firms. We investigate why firms decline significantly their profitability, efficiency, employment and activity levels, and show an increase on sales and capital investment when there is a transition from private to public ownership. We conclude that this decrease in performance is significantly higher, when one or more than one of the following facts happen after firms going public: first, when there are not shareholders in management, what implies increased agency costs; secondly, when the level of equity concentration after going public is low; in third place, when the level of equity retention by the founding shareholder is low; fourth, when the economy health during the timing of the sale is not in good shape; and lastly, when the old CEO is changed.
The Impact of ERP Systems on Business Performance: A Research Agenda

The research reported in this paper aims at providing an exploration of the relationship between Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and business performance in general. Although there is a large volume of research concerning the impact of ERP systems on business performance, in many cases the conclusions are mixed and in several occasions vague. In addition, in most cases, they do not offer any practical implications or theoretical foundations. In our view, this can be attributed to the fact that certain important dimensions of ERP systems have not be considered extensively and exclusively as having an impact on firm performance. In this paper, we are especially interested in pinpointing, firstly, the special characteristics of ERP systems that contribute to their success and, additionally, differentiate them from other business information systems, and secondly, their relationship with several dimensions of business performance. In this on-going research, following an extensive search of the literature, we initially identified certain characteristics of ERP systems that seem to be related or having an impact on business performance. Business performance dimensions are also discussed and initial research questions concerning ERP systems and business performance are postulated.
Studies on the diethylamide of lysergic acid (LSD-25). II. Effects of chlorpromazine, azacyclonol, and reserpine on the intensity of the LSD-reaction.

The effects of "tranquilizing" drugs on the abnormal mental state induced by the diethylamide of lysergic acid (LSD-25) are of interest from several points of view. Some means of mitigating too severe a reaction is needed in using LSD-25 experimentally or therapeutically. Since the LSD reaction is measurable and reproducible,1it might be possible to use the LSD psychosis as a screen for predicting the potential clinical value of new tranquilizing drugs. In addition, such studies might be useful in elucidating the mechanisms of action of both the tranquilizers and the psychotogenic drugs. The purpose of the present paper is to present the results of experiments in which attempts were made to block (prevent) or reverse (treat) the LSD reaction with chlorpromazine, azacyclonol (Frenquel), and reserpine. Methods Subjects. — The subjects used in these experiments were all adult male drug addicts who were serving sentences for violation of the Harrison
Jaundice after Repeated Exposure to Halothane: An Analysis of Reports to the Committee on Safety of Medicines

Analysis of data derived from 130 reports of jaundice occurring after anaesthesia with halothane showed a significant relation between the number of exposures to this anaesthetic and the rapidity with which jaundice develops after exposure. This is considered to provide strong evidence of a cause-effect relationship between the use of halothane and jaundice. Out of 114 patients with complete anaesthetic histories 94 (82%) had been exposed more than once; of those so exposed 80% had been anaesthetized with halothane more than once within 28 days. Altogether 66 (51%) of the 130 patients died.
Improving the performance of the cross-layer wake-up routing protocol T-ROME

We recently presented T-ROME a cross-layer routing protocol for wake-up receivers, along with a Markov chain based framework to model and analyze wake-up receiver based routing protocols. Using this analytical framework, we present here a modification to T-ROME that omits several messages but does not change the basic behavior of T-ROME. We analyze the performance of the modified algorithm and show that the modifications significantly reduce communication energy, time and overhead, especially in noisy environments. Furthermore we present a technique to prevent disconnected network nodes in cases where parent nodes die but preceding parent nodes are alive and in wake-up range.
Automatic Image Colorization based on Feature Lines

Automatic image colorization is one of the attractive research topics in image processing. The most crucial task in this field is how to design an algorithm to define appropriate color from the reference image(s) for propagating to the target image. In other words, we need to determine whether two pixels in reference and target images have similar color. In previous methods, many approaches have been introduced mostly based on local feature matching algorithms. However, they still have some defects as well as time-consuming. In this paper, we will present a novel automatic image colorization method based on Feature Lines. Feature Lines is our new concept, which enhances the concept of Color Lines. It represents the distribution of each pixel feature vector as being elongated around the lines so that we are able to assemble the similar feature pixels into one feature line. By introducing this new technique, pixel matching between reference and target images performs precisely. The experimental achievements show our proposed method achieves smoother, evener and more natural color assignment than the previous methods.
Identifying barriers to HIV testing: personal and contextual factors associated with late HIV testing

Abstract Late diagnosis of HIV is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Despite the availability of HIV testing, persons continue to test late in the course of HIV infection. We used the HIV/AIDS case registry of San Francisco Department of Public Health to identify and recruit 41 persons who developed AIDS within 12 months of their HIV diagnosis to participate in a qualitative and quantitative interview regarding late diagnosis of HIV. Thirty-one of the participants were diagnosed with HIV because of symptomatic disease and 50% of the participants were diagnosed with HIV and AIDS concurrently. Half of the subjects had not been tested for HIV prior to diagnosis. Fear was the most frequently cited barrier to testing. Other barriers included being unaware of improved HIV treatment, free/low cost care, and risk for HIV. Recommendations for health care providers to increase early diagnosis of HIV include routine ascertainment of HIV risk behaviors and testing histories, stronger recommendations for patients to be tested, and incorporating testing into routine medical care. Public health messages to increase testing include publicizing that (1) effective, tolerable, and low cost/free care for HIV is readily available, (2) early diagnosis of HIV improves health outcomes, (3) HIV can be transmitted to persons who engage in unprotected oral and insertive anal sex and unprotected receptive anal intercourse without ejaculation and from HIV-infected persons whose infection is well-controlled with antiretroviral therapy, (4) persons who may be infected based upon these behaviors should be tested following exposure, (5) HIV testing information will be kept private, and (6) encouraging friends and family to get HIV tested is beneficial.
Insertional inactivation of streptolysin S expression in Streptococcus pyogenes

The inactivation of a genetic determinant critical for streptolysin S production was accomplished by transfer and insertion of the transposon Tn916 into the DNA of a group A streptococcal strain. The group D strain CG110 was able to efficiently transfer Tn916 into the group A strain CS91 when donor and recipient cells were concentrated and incubated together on membrane filters. Among tetracycline-resistant transconjugants, nonhemolytic mutants that no longer produced streptolysin S and retained the capacity to produce streptolysin O were discovered. Hemolytic revertants from these mutants regained tetracycline sensitivity; other revertants still retained a tetracycline resistance phenotype. Hybridization studies employing Tn916 DNA located Tn916 sequences in EcoRI and HindIII fragments of DNA from mutants devoid of streptolysin S; one carried a single copy of Tn916, and the other two carried multiple copies of the transposon.
Combining acoustic and electrical speech processing: Iowa/Nucleus hybrid implant

Objectives In this paper we test the concept of combining electrical stimulation for high-frequency sound with acoustic hearing for low-frequency information in the same ear. In addition, we test whether residual hearing can be preserved when an electrode is placed up to 10 mm into the inner ear, and whether the site of electrical stimulation influences speech perception. Material and Methods Nine post-lingual adults with severe high-frequency hearing impairment were recruited to participate in the study. A single-subject clinical trial design was employed. A unique six-channel cochlear implant was designed for this clinical trial. The intracochlear electrodes were either 6 or 10 mm in length based on a Nucleus CI-24 multichannel implant. Monosyllabic word understanding and consonant identification in a recorded sound-only condition were used to assess changes in speech perception. Follow-up was >12 months. Results Acoustic hearing was preserved in all nine subjects. Preoperative monosyllabic word and sentence scores were unchanged in all subjects following implantation. A 30–40% improvement in consonant recognition occurred with the 10-mm electrode. The 10-mm electrode subjects were able to understand 83–90% of the monosyllabic words using the implant plus binaural hearing aids. Scores were more than doubled when compared to preoperative scores achieved with hearing aids only. Conclusions The human ear has the capability to integrate both acoustic and high-frequency electrically processed speech information. Placement of a short 10-mm electrode does not appear to damage residual low-frequency inner ear hair cell function, interfere with the micro-mechanics of normal cochlear vibration or decrease residual speech perception. The improvement in speech recognition was due primarily to the increased perception of higher-frequency consonantal speech cues. Such a device can provide a substantial benefit in terms of speech understanding to those with severe high-frequency hearing loss, while still maintaining the benefits of the residual lower-frequency acoustic hearing. The position of the electrode and the site of frequency information within the cochlea are shown to be important factors in the success of such a device.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES FOR BREAST CANCER DATASET

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in the world. Early detection of breast cancer is essential in reducing their life losses. Data mining is the process of analyzing massive data and summarizing it into useful knowledge discovery and the role of data mining approaches is growing rapidly especially classification techniques are very effective way to classifying the data, which is essential in decision-making process for medical practitioners. This study presents the different data mining classifiers on the database of breast cancer, by using classification accuracy with and without feature selection techniques. Feature selection increases the accuracy of the classifier because it eliminates irrelevant attributes. The experiment shows that the feature selection enhances the accuracy of all three different classifiers, reduces the Mean Standard Error (MSE) and increase Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC).
Wireless multi-sensor gas platform for environmental monitoring

Air quality control is a monitoring task of high priority in the scope of Smart City and Smart Home applications. In fact, a number of sensors are required to successfully detect the leaks of various gases and their different concentrations. In this work, we present an autonomous multisensory wireless platform which includes both analog and digital gas sensors for environmental monitoring. The platform includes four measurement circuits with sensors of different types: one for analog catalytic/semiconductor gas sensor, two for analog electrochemical gas sensors and one for a gas sensor with digital data transmission interface. The platform ensures low power consumption and can operate either as a separate monitoring sensor node or as a part of wireless sensor network.
Business Group Affiliation and Firm Performance in China

A business group is a set of firms which are linked together by common ownership and other informal ties,As one type of the new organizations after Chinese economical reforms,business groups have caught great attention among the scholars.Using a data set com- piled largely from listed firms in Shanghai Securities Exchange and Shenzhen Securities Exchange,we analyzed the effects of group affilia- tion on firm profitability.The research results show that hypotheses are supported by the data.
Comorbidity burden is not associated with higher mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest*

Abstract Objectives. We investigated whether comorbidity burden of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) affects outcome and if comorbidity modifies the effect of target temperature management (TTM) on final outcome. Design. The TTM trial randomized 939 patients to 24 h of TTM at either 33 or 36 °C with no difference regarding mortality and neurological outcome. This post-hoc study of the TTM-trial formed a modified comorbidity index (mCI), based on available comorbidities from the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Results. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) decreased with higher comorbidity group, p = 0.01. Comorbidity groups were univariately associated with higher mortality compared to mCI0 (HRmCI1: 1.55, CI: 1.25–1.93, p < 0.001, HRmCI2: 2.01, CI: 1.55–2.62, p < 0.001, HRmCI ≥ 3: 2.16, CI: 1.57–2.97, p < 0.001). When adjusting for confounders there was a consistent, nonsignificant association between level of comorbidity and mortality (HRmC11: 1.17, CI: 0.92–1.48, p = 0.21, HRmCI2: 1.28, CI: 0.96–1.71, p = 0.10, HRmCI ≥ 3: 1.37, CI: 0.97–1.95, p = 0.08). There was no interaction between comorbidity burden and level of TTM on outcome, p = 0.61. Conclusion. Comorbidity burden was associated with higher mortality following OHCA, but when adjusting for confounders, the influence was no longer significant. The association between mCI and mortality was not modified by TTM. Comorbidity burden is associated with lower rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation after OHCA.
The Effect of Ecological Factors on Distribution Network Evaluation

The importance of ecological factors in distribution network evaluation has increased and will continue to increase mainly because of changes in consumers' ecological preferences and government-induced environmental regulations. It has become, therefore, more and more important for companies to take ecological aspects into account more explicitly when making their logistics decisions. They also have to be able to analyse ecological factors as a part of traditional optimisation problems. The aim of this paper is to propose a flexible framework, based on the analytic hierarchy process and mixed integer programming, which enables companies to integrate customer service-, cost- and environment-related factors into distribution network design.
A Novel Caspase-2 Complex Containing TRAF2 and RIP1*

The enzymatic activity of caspases is implicated in the execution of apoptosis and inflammation. Here we demonstrate a novel nonenzymatic function for caspase-2 other than its reported proteolytic role in apoptosis. Caspase-2, unlike caspase-3, -6, -7, -9, -11, -12, and -14, is a potent inducer of NF-κB and p38 MAPK activation in a TRAF2-mediated way. Caspase-2 interacts with TRAF1, TRAF2, and RIP1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that endogenous caspase-2 is recruited into a large and inducible protein complex, together with TRAF2 and RIP1. Structure-function analysis shows that NF-κB activation occurs independent of enzymatic activity of the protease and that the caspase recruitment domain of caspase-2 is sufficient for the activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK. These results demonstrate the inducible assembly of a novel protein complex consisting of caspase-2, TRAF2, and RIP1 that activates NF-κB and p38 MAPK through the caspase recruitment domain of caspase-2 independently of its proteolytic activity.
Temporal Processing in Dyslexia

The temporal processing capabilities of 15 children with dyslexia versus 15 age-matched and 15 reading-matched controls in a word identification task were examined. The hypothesis underlying the present experiment was that word recognition would be inferior in children with dyslexia, relative to controls, when the task demanded the temporal integration (sequencing) of two-syllable words. Such a hypothesis must predict that one-syllable word recognition does not distinguish between these two populations and that these effects cannot be accounted for in terms of eye movement differences. To test this hypothesis, one- and two-syllable words displayed for 100, 300, and 3,000 msec were required to be identified. The results yielded evidence of decreased accuracy of word identification by the children with dyslexia in the two-syllable, 300-msec condition, as predicted. A second experiment was unable to uncover any differences in eye movement behaviors that could account for the effects observed in the first experiment. The results are discussed in terms of potential sequential processing deficits in individuals with dyslexia.
LEARNING THROUGH NETWORKS: EFFECTS OF PARTNER EXPERIENCE ON ACQUISITION PREMIUMS.

There is a strong emphasis in organizational theory on imitation as a basis of firm action. Firms do what others are doing, and the explanations for this effect tend to center on normative pressures, cultural models, and legitimation of activities. The result is a model whereby firms import the practices of others as is, with little modification. In this study, we introduce a different theory of action. It is one where organizations learn by sampling network partner experience. Both sample size and sample heterogeneity/homogeneity are likely to affect the basis upon which firms make decisions and thus, some partner experience configurations will result in better decisions by focal firms than others. We test our theory using data on acquisition premiums paid from 1986-1993. We find that firms tied to others with heterogeneous prior premium experience tend to make better decisions themselves (i.e., pay less for their acquisitions) than those tied to others with homogeneous experience. Being tied to others w.