Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elasticidade da Pobreza: Aplicação de uma Nova Abordagem Empírica para o Brasil

0 0 1 126 720 UFPB 6 1 845 14.0 Normal 0 false false false PT-BR JA X-NONE O presente estudo calcula as elasticidades da pobreza em relacao ao crescimento economico e a desigualdade de renda para o Brasil, usando um painel de dados dos estados e municipios brasileiros, atraves de um metodo de estimacao nao parametrico, desenvolvido por Horowitz (2012) e aplicado por Figueiredo e Laurini (2013), que controla os efeitos da desigualdade sobre o crescimento. Primeiramente, as elasticidades sao obtidas por meio de um modelo de regressao log-linear, tradicionalmente empregado na literatura, com e sem o controle dos efeitos da desigualdade e em seguida comparadas com as elasticidades estimadas pelo metodo nao parametrico. A comparacao mostrou que o metodo de estimacao usual sem o controle do efeito da desigualdade tende a superestimar os valores das elasticidades, em especial com relacao ao crescimento economico.
Biochemical Features and Functional Implications of the RNA-Based T-Box Regulatory Mechanism

SUMMARY The T-box mechanism is a common regulatory strategy used for modulating the expression of genes of amino acid metabolism-related operons in gram-positive bacteria, especially members of the Firmicutes. T-box regulation is usually based on a transcription attenuation mechanism in which an interaction between a specific uncharged tRNA and the 5′ region of the transcript stabilizes an antiterminator structure in preference to a terminator structure, thereby preventing transcription termination. Although single T-box regulatory elements are common, double or triple T-box arrangements are also observed, expanding the regulatory range of these elements. In the present study, we predict the functional implications of T-box regulation in genes encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, proteins of amino acid biosynthetic pathways, transporters, and regulatory proteins. We also consider the global impact of the use of this regulatory mechanism on cell physiology. Novel biochemical relationships between regulated genes and their corresponding metabolic pathways were revealed. Some of the genes identified, such as the quorum-sensing gene luxS, in members of the Lactobacillaceae were not previously predicted to be regulated by the T-box mechanism. Our analyses also predict an imbalance in tRNA sensing during the regulation of operons containing multiple aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes or biosynthetic genes involved in pathways common to more than one amino acid. Based on the distribution of T-box regulatory elements, we propose that this regulatory mechanism originated in a common ancestor of members of the Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Deinococcus-Thermus group, and Actinobacteria and was transferred into the Deltaproteobacteria by horizontal gene transfer.
Los informes sobre capital intelectual: un análisis de casos de empresas danesas

Un paso mas alla en el campo de la gestion del conocimiento y la medicion del capital intelectual es la elaboracion de informes de capital intelectual donde se muestra el valor de recursos organizativos basados en el conocimiento que, a pesar de su contribucion a la creacion de valor, no estan recogidos en los estados contables (Bontis, 1998; Bueno, 1998; 2000; Edvinsson y Malone, 1997; Nonaka y Takeuchi, 1995). El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un marco conceptual para la elaboracion del informe de capital intelectual. Ademas, se analizara la experiencia de tres empresas danesas pioneras a nivel internacional en la elaboracion de informes de capital intelectual: Carl Bro, ATP y Systematic. Palabras clave : Capital intelectual, conocimiento organizativo, gestion del conocimiento, informes de capital intelectual.
Hybrids between irradiated and unirradiated mammalian cells: Survival and chromosome segregation

We have studied the effect of X or γ irradiation, of one parent of a cell hybrid, on hybrid viability and chromosome segregation. The hybrid types studied were mouse‐Chinese hamster (which spontaneously lose a few hamster chromosomes) and Chinese hamster‐human (which spontaneously lose most of the human complement). Preirradiation of the segregated and retained cell parent resulted in highly asymmetric hybrid survival curves; survival was greatly reduced when the retained parent was irradiated, especially for hamster‐human fusions. Preirradiation of the parents of mouse‐hamster hybrids modified both the direction and the extent of chromosome segregation, but no consistent effect on elimination was observed for hamster‐human hybrids, and reversal of the direction of loss was never observed. These results are more consistent with the hypothesis that chromosome segregation from hybrids results from an intracellular chromosome selection, than with the hypothesis that cellular selection acts on randomly generated chromosome variants.
Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary origin. A clinicopathologic study of 67 cases

This study reviews a 30 year experience with acinic cell carcinoma. The tumor arose in the parotid gland in 64 patients, the submaxillary gland in one and minor salivary glands in two. In untreated patients with small tumors, clinical findings usually suggested a benign mixed tumor and a subtotal parotidectomy which spared the facial nerve was highly effective therapy. In contrast, local recurrence and death was the rule in those few who had locally extensive disease, regardless of how radical an operation was performed. Determinate “cure” rates for the entire group were 76, 63 and 55% at 5, 10 and 15 years, respectively. Cervical lymph node metastasis occurred in 16% of the patients, and distant metastasis in 12%. Survival was most directly influenced by the clinical extent of the primary tumor, and also correlated with certain histologic features which are described.
The genus of repeated cartesian products of bipartite graphs

With the aid of techniques developed by Edmonds, Ringel, and Youngs, it is shown that the genus of the cartesian product of the complete bipartite graph K2m,2m with itself is l + 8m2(m — 1). Furthermore, let ßi" be the graph K„,s and recursively define the cartesian product ßi," = ß? L x x Klfl for nä2. The genus of ß(„" is shown to be 1 + 2" " 3s"(sn—4), for all n, and í even ; or for n > 1, and s = 1 or 3. The graph ßi,1' is the 1-skeleton of the «-cube, and the formula for this case gives a result familiar in the literature. Analogous results are developed for repeated cartesian products of paths and of even cycles. Introduction. In this paper a graph G is a finite 1-complex. The genus y(G) of G is the minimum genus among the genera of all compact orientable 2-manifolds in which G can be imbedded. All 2-manifolds in this paper are assumed to be compact and orientable. There are very few families of graphs for which the genus has been determined; these include the complete graphs (Ringel and Youngs [7]), the complete bipartite graphs, (Ringel [5]), and some subfamilies of the family of complete tripartite graphs (see [6] and [8]). One of the first genus formulae was developed by Ringel [4] in 1955 (and independently by Beineke and Harary [1] in 1965) when he found that the genus of the M-cube Qn is given by: y(Qn) = l+2"-3(n-4), for n ^ 2. The «-cube can be defined as a repeated cartesian product: let Qx = K2, the complete graph on two vertices, and recursively define Qn = Qn _ x x K2 for n ^ 2. In general, given two graphs Gx and G2, with vertex sets V(GX), V(G2) and edge sets E(GX), E(G2) respectively, the cartesian product Gx x G2 is formed by taking V(GX x G2) ={(ux, u2) : ux e V(GX), u2 e V(G2)} and E(GX x G2)={[(ux, u2), (vx, v2)]: ux = vx Received by the editors October 6, 1969. AMS Subject Classifications. Primary 0550; Secondary 5475, 5510.
25 Protein Multiple Sequence Alignment

Protein sequence alignment is the task of identifying evolutionarily or structurally related positions in a collection of amino acid sequences. Although the protein alignment problem has been studied for several decades, many recent studies have demonstrated considerable progress in improving the accuracy or scalability of multiple and pairwise alignment tools, or in expanding the scope of tasks handled by an alignment program. In this chapter, we review state-of-the-art protein sequence alignment and provide practical advice for users of alignment tools.
Relative Weighting of Semantic and Syntactic Cues in Native and Non-Native Listeners’ Recognition of English Sentences

Objective: Non-native listeners do not recognize English sentences as effectively as native listeners, especially in noise. It is not entirely clear to what extent such group differences arise from differences in relative weight of semantic versus syntactic cues. This study quantified the use and weighting of these contextual cues via Boothroyd and Nittrouer’s j and k factors. The j represents the probability of recognizing sentences with or without context, whereas the k represents the degree to which context improves recognition performance. Design: Four groups of 13 normal-hearing young adult listeners participated. One group consisted of native English monolingual (EMN) listeners, whereas the other three consisted of non-native listeners contrasting in their language dominance and first language: English-dominant Russian-English, Russian-dominant Russian-English, and Spanish-dominant Spanish-English bilinguals. All listeners were presented three sets of four-word sentences: high-predictability sentences included both semantic and syntactic cues, low-predictability sentences included syntactic cues only, and zero-predictability sentences included neither semantic nor syntactic cues. Sentences were presented at 65 dB SPL binaurally in the presence of speech-spectrum noise at +3 dB SNR. Listeners orally repeated each sentence and recognition was calculated for individual words as well as the sentence as a whole. Results: Comparable j values across groups for high-predictability, low-predictability, and zero-predictability sentences suggested that all listeners, native and non-native, utilized contextual cues to recognize English sentences. Analysis of the k factor indicated that non-native listeners took advantage of syntax as effectively as EMN listeners. However, only English-dominant bilinguals utilized semantics to the same extent as EMN listeners; semantics did not provide a significant benefit for the two non-English-dominant groups. When combined, semantics and syntax benefitted EMN listeners significantly more than all three non-native groups of listeners. Conclusions: Language background influenced the use and weighting of semantic and syntactic cues in a complex manner. A native language advantage existed in the effective use of both cues combined. A language-dominance effect was seen in the use of semantics. No first-language effect was present for the use of either or both cues. For all non-native listeners, syntax contributed significantly more to sentence recognition than semantics, possibly due to the fact that semantics develops more gradually than syntax in second-language acquisition. The present study provides evidence that Boothroyd and Nittrouer’s j and k factors can be successfully used to quantify the effectiveness of contextual cue use in clinically relevant, linguistically diverse populations.
Critically appraising a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging article.

Background Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging has become widely established in clinical and research settings for its ability to provide information on anatomy, function and tissue characterization. Ridgway (2010) has comprehensively reviewed the applied physics. This article describes: 1. The components and applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging 2. Imaging planes, sequences and protocols 3. Pharmacological agents used 4. Key considerations for appraising methodology.
Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress.

The physiological basis of drought resistance in Ziziphus rotundifolia Lamk. , which is an important, multipurpose fruit tree of the northwest Indian arid zone, was investigated in a greenhouse experiment. Three irrigation regimes were imposed over a 34-day period: an irrigation treatment, a gradual drought stress treatment (50% of water supplied in the irrigation treatment) and a rapid drought stress treatment (no irrigation). Changes in gas exchange, water relations, carbon isotope composition and solute concentrations of leaves, stems and roots were determined. The differential rate of stress development in the two drought treatments did not result in markedly different physiological responses, but merely affected the time at which they were expressed. The initial response to decreasing soil water content was reduced stomatal conductance, effectively maintaining predawn leaf water potential (Psi(leaf)), controlling water loss and increasing intrinsic water-use efficiency, while optimizing carbon gain during drought. Carbon isotope composition (delta13C) of leaf tissue sap provided a more sensitive indicator of changes in short-term water-use efficiency than delta13C of bulk leaf tissue. As drought developed, osmotic potential at full turgor decreased and total solute concentrations increased in leaves, indicating osmotic adjustment. Decreases in leaf starch concentrations and concomitant increases in hexose sugars and sucrose suggested a shift in carbon partitioning in favor of soluble carbohydrates. In severely drought-stressed leaves, high leaf nitrate reductase activities were paralleled by increases in proline concentration, suggesting an osmoprotective role for proline. As water deficit increased, carbon was remobilized from leaves and preferentially redistributed to stems and roots, and leaves were shed, resulting in reduced whole-plant transpiration and enforced dormancy. Thus, Z. rotundifolia showed a range of responses to different drought intensities indicating a high degree of plasticity in response to water deficits.
Primary and secondary spike foci following depth lesions.

RECENT studies have demonstrated that small cryogenic lesions made in cortex of rabbit, cat, or monkey 1-3 will produce epileptogenic foci. The epileptogenic discharge does not remain restricted to the primary site but is transmitted to the area homotopic to the freeze, and an independent epileptic (mirror) focus may develop in a region which has not been disturbed during the original experimental procedure. 3 In the present study we wished to determine whether cryogenic lesions made in subcortical nuclei of varying cellular architectonics would produce epileptogenic foci and whether the epileptogenic activity would spread to other synaptically related areas which would in turn develop independent epileptogenic activity. Method Under aseptic conditions 22 cats and 7 rabbits were chronically implanted using standard stereotaxic techniques. Bipolar depth electrodes consisted of side-by-side pairs of 250μ stainless steel wires insulated to within 0.5 mm of their tips with tip separation of 1 mm.
Catastrophe, recovery and range limitation in NE Pacific kelp forests: a large-scale perspective

The 1997-98 El Nino was one of the strongest on record and resulted in widespread losses of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Agardh) along the west coast of North America. Draw- ing on a rich history of studies that have shown abnormally large waves and warm nutrient-poor water associated with El Ninos to negatively impact giant kelp populations at some locations in south- ern and Baja California, we examined (1) how these impacts scale up when considered across the species' geographic range in the NE Pacific Ocean and (2) if these impacts are generalizable over broad spatial scales. Working at 56 sites in 14 study locations over a 3 yr period (1997 to 2000), we examined how giant kelp populations were impacted by and recovered following the 1997-98 El Nino over a ~1500 km span along the west coast of North America. Our results indicate that while nearly all giant kelp disappeared from the southern one-third of the species' range along the coast of Baja California, Mexico, and heavy losses occurred throughout the central one-third of the species' range in southern California, USA, only minor impacts were observed throughout the northern one- third of the species' range in central California. Further, although highly variable among regions, these impacts were similar and generalizable among locations within each region. Our results also suggest that, as has been observed in local-scale studies, this large-scale variability in giant kelp mortality was driven by large-scale patterns in ocean temperature (nutrient concentration) and wave intensity. Recovery following El Nino, in contrast, was variable at multiple spatial scales and although not directly tested here, presumably influenced by numerous factors such as proximity to upwelling areas, competition with other algae, grazing, and propagule availability. Further, variability in the rates of recovery among locations resulted in a generally slow recovery of giant kelp throughout most of Baja California, and residual large-scale impacts of the El Nino were still evident 2 yr after the El Nino ended. As global climate change may lead to increases in the frequency and intensity of El Ninos, our findings have broad implications for the ways in which ecosystems might be expected to respond to them and provide a measure by which their impacts to giant kelp ecosystems may be compared among events.
Cambios estructurales y productividad en la industria latinoamericana, 1970-1996

En este articulo se analiza la mutacion estructural de la industria latinoamericana, que se acelero durante los anos noventa a medida que se fueron consolidando en la region los programas de apertura externa de las economias, la desregulacion de multiples mercados y la privatizacion de grandes sectores de actividad industrial, previamente dominados por empresas estatales. Las ramas manufactureras que han logrado un mejor desempeno relativo a lo largo de los ultimos veinte anos son las procesadoras de recursos naturales que producen commodities industriales de uso difundido, las industrias maquiladoras que producen computadores, equipos de video y aparatos de TV, o indumentaria, asi como tambien la industria automotriz, que recibio un tratamiento preferencial de parte de la politica economica gubernamental. En contraste con lo anterior, han ido perdiendo peso relativo las industrias productoras de bienes finales que requieren uso intensivo de mano de obra, las que hacen uso intensivo de conocimientos tecnologicos e ingenieria de diseno de nuevos productos, o las que producen bienes de capital pesados. Resulta claro que el patron de especializacion productiva y el modelo de insercion en los mercados mundiales de manufacturas han ido cambiando, al hacer mas hincapie en el aprovechamiento de las ventajas comparativas naturales de la region, esto es, de sus abundantes recursos naturales, o en sectores que han recibido un tratamiento particular de parte de la politica industrial. El articulo explora el comportamiento de la estructura industrial latinoamericana en materia de productividad y lo compara con el del mundo desarrollado. Utilizando como "universo testigo" el caso estadounidense, estima la brecha de productividad laboral con respecto a dicho pais y evalua el desempeno de paises y ramas de industria de la region con relacion a dicho parametro.
A New Linearity Enhancing Technique for Low Noise Amplifiers

In this paper a technique is proposed to enhance the linearity of low noise amplifier using nonlinearity of other components. This technique increases IIP3 of low noise amplifier without large increase in overall noise figure of LNA. This technique can be very useful for 802.11 b/g and Bluetooth applications where high linearity with low noise figure is required. Linearity improvement by use of nonlinear components is the basic idea for IIP3 improvement of this LNA. Currents produced by two amplifiers having different linearity characteristics are fed to current subtractor which gives current having good linearity characteristics but having a lower gain. Simulations based on layout of proposed architecture show that this architecture increases IIP3 up to 10+ dBm and the circuit is suitable for low noise applications. Amplifier achieves a gain of 10.5dB, noise figure of 1.5dB and dissipates 14.5 mwatts power from 1.8 volts supply
Cellular Fatty Acid profiles of lactobacillus and lactococcus strains in relation to the oleic Acid content of the cultivation medium

Cellular fatty acids of 10 strains of lactic acid bacteria were analyzed. The purpose of this work was to find lactic acid bacteria with high lactobacillic acid contents. The bacteria studied were unable to synthesize oleic acid. Some strains did not synthesize lactobacillic acid, although all were able to form dihydrosterculic acid. Twenty-one to thirty-four percent of the fatty acid content of Lactobacillus fermentum and L. buchneri was lactobacillic acid, and these species were chosen for future studies of environmental factors affecting cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis.
Grip-Ball: A spherical multi-touch interface for interacting with virtual worlds

Graspable user interface (UI) is a useful method for interacting with virtual world. It allows users to hold and manipulate a device intuitively for manipulating virtual 3D objects. In this paper, we propose Grip-Ball as graspable UI, which is a spherical shaped device based upon capacitive multi-touch sensing. User's grip pattern can be recognized by measuring grip touch on the surface of the device. In the study, we define 5 hand-grip patterns of the Grip-Ball according to user's purpose (platform, power-grip and precise-grip) and number of hand (one-handed grip, two-handed grip). An accuracy of up to 98% could be achieved for hand grip recognition.