Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between pre-operative hemoglobin concentration, utilization of hospital resources and outcomes in cardiac surgery

: Objectives – Pre-operative anemia is an established risk factor associated with adverse peri - operative outcomes after cardiac surgery. However, limited information exists regarding the relationship between pre-operative hemoglobin and outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate how outcomes are affected by preoperative hemoglobin concentration in a cohort of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Study design – A retrospective observational cohort study. (0.88,0.97) and 0.97 (0.96,0.99). For each one unit increase in hemoglobin (g/dl) the probability (over time) of discharge from ICU and hospital increased (adjusted hazard ratio estimates 1.04 (1.00, 1.08) and 1.12 (1.12, 1.16) respectively). Conclusion – A lower pre – operative hemoglobin concentration results in increased use of hospital resources after cardiac surgery. Each g/dl unit fall in pre – operative hemoglobin concentration results in increased blood transfusion requirements and increased post –operative ICU and hospital length of stay.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MANNICH BASES AND THEIR COPPER (II) COMPLEXES

Objective: The present study is focused on the synthesis of novel Mannich bases and their metal complexes, and to characterize them by physical, chemical and biological methods. Mannich bases, 2-(piperazin-1-yl(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (PTMHC), 2-(piperazin-1-yl(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (PTMHCT), and 2-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (MPTMHC) and 2-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (MPTMHCT), were prepared by Mannich condensation method. Methods: The compounds and complexes were prepared by known literature methods. Characterizations were carried out through physical methods such as elemental analyses, melting point and TLC. IR, 1 H NMR, [13]C NMR and Mass spectral studies were carried out to characterize the ligands. The methods like EPR, magnetic susceptibility measurements, conductance measurements and thermal analysis were carried out for complexes besides the UV-Vis and IR spectral studies. Anti-cancer activity of synthesized ligands was performed using human lung and colon cancer cell lines. Results: Eight compounds have been prepared and characterized. Four among the eight compounds were used as ligands for the preparation of metal complexes. The results of physical and chemical methods show all the complexes act as bidentate ligands. The coordination with the metal ion takes place through N, S and O atoms. The results of molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal the electrolytic and non-electrolytic nature of the metal complexes. EPR and TG-DTA studies also support the other spectral data. Conclusions: Copper (II) complexes of PTMHC, PTMHCT, MPTMHC, and MPTMHCT were prepared and their structures were determined. The anti-cancer activity of the synthesized ligands and their complexes was evaluated. The synthesized novel ligands of Mannich bases can serve as a potential anti-cancer agent.
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of Ochre Artifacts from Jiskairumoko, Peru

Ochre is very common in the Terminal Archaic-Early Formative archaeological site of Jiskairumoko, (Rio Ilave, Lake Titicaca Basin, southern Peru). Within the site, ochre was found on tools, palettes, and in burials and soil deposits within structures in several contexts, suggesting both symbolic and functional uses of ochre. Variations in the color and contexts imply possibilities for different uses of ochre. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to analyze the ochre samples found in Jiskairumoko. Multivariate analysis of the elemental data by principal components analysis suggests trends in the data related to the compositional variation of ochres on the site. Further analysis of the ochre will lead to conclusions about the variation in composition of the ochres from Jiskairumoko and possible archaeological conclusions about ancient technologies and uses of ochre on the site.
Expression of ALDH 1 , MACC 1 , and KAI 1 in the triple-negative breast cancer and their clinical significance

Background and purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a more aggressive disease and easier to recur and metastasize as compared to non-TNBC. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1, cancer stem cell biomarker), metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1), KAI1 (suppressor of cancer metastasis) are all useful predictive factors for metastasis and prognosis in many cancers. In this study, we analyzed associations among ALDH1, MACC1, and KAI1 in TNBC, and their respective correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and survival in TNBC. Methods: Positive rates of ALDH1, MACC1, and KAI1 in 102 whole TNBC tissues specimens were detected by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Patients’ clinical data were also collected. Results: Levels of ALDH1 and MACC1 were significantly higher, and levels of KAI1 significantly lower, in TNBC tissues than in control tissues. Levels of ALDH1, MACC1, and KAI1 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and with patients’ overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS). In multivariate analysis showed that the expression of ALDH1, MACC1, and KAI1 and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors of OS and PFS in TNBC. Conclusion: The expression of ALDH1, MACC1, and KAI1 Represent promising markers for metastasis and prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets for TNBC.
ANALYSIS AND MULTINOMIAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELLING OF WORK STRESS IN HEAVY ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES IN KERALA, INDIA

This study examines the influence of factors responsible for work stress among the employees in the heavy engineering industries in Kerala, India. The sample size of the subjects selected for the study consists of 75 Engineers, 110 Supervisors and 675 Workers in the selected heavy engineering industries in Kerala ,India. Seven factors were identified with the existing literatures, and in consultation with safety experts for the evaluation of work stress. The instrument developed by using these factors had validity, unidimensionality and reliability. The response rate was 81.3%. It is observed that existence the factors responsible for work stress among all the categories of employees in these industries. The multinomial logistic regression model developed is found good in predicting the work stress in heavy engineering industries.
Reduced-Gate Convolutional LSTM Design Using Predictive Coding for Next-Frame Video Prediction

Spatiotemporal sequence prediction is an important problem in deep learning. We study next-frame video prediction using a deep-learning-based predictive coding framework that uses convolutional, long short-term memory (convLSTM) modules. We introduce a novel reduced-gate convolutional LSTM architecture. Our reduced-gate model achieves better next-frame prediction accuracy than the original convolutional LSTM while using a smaller parameter budget, thereby reducing training time. We tested our reduced gate modules within a predictive coding architecture on the moving MNIST and KITTI datasets. We found that our reducedgate model has a significant reduction of approximately 40 percent of the total number of training parameters and training time in comparison with the standard LSTM model which makes it attractive for hardware implementation especially on small devices.
The Ginninderra CH 4 and CO 2 release experiment : An evaluation of gas detection and quanti fi cation techniques

A methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) release experiment was held from April to June 2015 at the Ginninderra Controlled Release Facility in Canberra, Australia. The experiment provided an opportunity to compare different emission quantification techniques against a simulated CH4 and CO2 point source release, where the actual release rates were unknown to the participants. Eight quantification techniques were assessed: three tracer ratio techniques (two mobile); backwards Lagrangian stochastic modelling; forwards Lagrangian stochastic modelling; Lagrangian stochastic (LS) footprint modelling; atmospheric tomography using point and using integrated line sensors. The majority of CH4 estimates were within 20% of the actual CH4 release rate (5.8 g/min), with the tracer ratio technique providing the closest estimate to both the CH4 and CO2 release rates (100 g/min). Once the release rate was known, the majority of revised estimates were within 10% of the actual release rate. The study illustrates the power of measuring the emission rate using multiple simultaneous methods and obtaining an ensemble median or mean. An ensemble approach to estimating the CH4 emission rate proved successful with the ensemble median estimate within 16% for the actual release rate for the blind release experiment and within 2% once the release rate was known. The release also provided an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of stationary andmobile ground and aerial CH4 detection technologies. Sensor detection limits and sampling rates were found to be significant limitations for CH4 and CO2 detection. A hyperspectral imager’s capacity to image the CH4 release from 100m, and a Boreal CH4 laser sensor’s ability to track moving targets suggest the future possibility to map gas plumes using a single laser and mobile aerial reflector. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc. 2017.11. 018 Received 4 August 2017; Received in revised form 14 November 2017; Accepted 18 November 2017 ⁎ Corresponding author at: Geoscience Australia, Canberra, Australia. E-mail address: andrew.feitz@ga.gov. au (A. Feitz). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 70 (2018) 202–224 Available online 15 March 2018 1750-5836/ Crown Copyright © 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0/). T
Prostatakrebs-Früherkennung: Stand und Evidenz der Methoden

sierten Screening in einem populationsbasierten Setting überwiegen diese Schäden tendenziell den Nutzen, sodass eine weitere Verfeinerung des Screening-Algorithmus angezeigt ist. Die Schäden des PSA-basierten Screenings werden durch die geringe Spezifität des PSA-Tests verursacht: Der PSA-Wert ist oft durch andere Ursachen als das Vorliegen eines klinisch signifikanten Prostatakarzinoms erhöht. Erfreulicherweise hat PSA eine hohe Sensitivität. Die gleichzeitig geringe Spezifität kann durch den Einsatz von neuentwickelten Biomarkern, Risikorechnern und bildgebenden Verfahren wie Multiparameter-MRT (mpMRT) in Kombination mit gezielten statt zufälligen systematischen Prostata-Biopsien verbessert werden. Zurzeit werden PSA-Tests sehr häufig bei Männern vorgenommen, die den Wunsch nach einem Prostatakrebs-Screening äußern. Leider gehören diese Männer oft höheren Altersgruppen an, die am wenigsten vom ProstatakrebsScreening profitieren. Daher ist eine weitere Entwicklung und Implementierung von modernen Biomarkern, Risikorechnern und MRT-Verfahren notwendig, die zweifellos zu einem günstigeren Schaden-Nutzen-Verhältnis bei der Prostatakrebs-Früherkennung führen werden. Es sollten Pilotstudien zur Durchführung organisierter PCaScreening-Programme begonnen werden, um das NutzenAbstract
The Optimal Fine for Risk-Neutral Offenders: A New Approach to the Becker Conundrum

Gary Becker's classic 1968 paper demonstrates that fines dominate expenditures on detection as a means of controlling illegal activities, because fines represent socially-costless transfers of income. As a result, fines should be set at their maximal levels. Subsequent research has produced several exceptions to this rule, but they involve significant departures from Becker's framework. We use a model that is consistent with this framework (risk-neutral agents and only one type and level of "crime") to demonstrate that it may be optimal to set fines below their maximal levels. The novel feature of our model is that sufficiently high fines interfere with prior commitments made by offenders to compensate other private agents (e.g., debt). In some cases, fines should be low enough to leave offenders with positive assets after honoring all such commitments.
IMPROVED TWO-DIMENSIONAL PRODUCT IMAGING : THE REAL-TIME ION-COUNTING METHOD

A novel ion-counting method for significantly improving the spatial resolution and detection sensitivity of two-dimensional product imaging in molecular beam experiments is presented. The method makes use of real-time digital image processing to retrieve, threshold, and determine the local maximum of each ion hitting a microchannel plate assembly. The current version can process data at rates up to 3.07 Mbyte/s, and methods for accelerating this rate are proposed.
Monograph Gene Targeting and Site-Specific Recombination Systems for Genome Engineering in Plants

It has been a long gene targeting major focus for scientists who are interested in installing a stable and predictable from genetically modified plants biological phenomenon. Unfortunately targeting sequence in plants was extremely difficult. We have a tendency to review the situation, in addition to the target sequence in the factories using the latest discoveries of new approaches mutants stations for the host recombinase in specific locations, like me and re-installation techniques. Since the new scope of technologies currently used model plants such as Arabidopsis, rice and type of tobacco, and the new results predict well become the technologies that can be obtained in a series of targeted crops and farms economically necessary.
The Nordic Model and Female Labour Supply: A Stable Equilibrium or a Historical Uniqueness?

The Nordic countries are famous for having established a very high level of female integration into the formal labor markets. Not only do many Nordic women work. In contrast to many continental European countries, the Nordic women tend to work fulltime. This is often described as a nexus where the Nordic welfare states both freed the women from domestic responsibilities (by establishing full-time child-care facilities, elderly care facilities etc.) and created job opportunities (in this new large public service sector), which has turned into a stable equilibrium. However, it is often forgotten that the inflow of women into the labour market was supported by strong feminist movements, which advocated for a dual full-time earnermodel. This “avant-garde” of the 1970s idealized this family type. But the feminist movements have lost pace in the Nordic countries, especially in Denmark, which might have an impact on females’ orientation to towards fulltime employment. The paper tests this thesis by means of survey data from the ISSP gender module 2002 and the Danish European Value Survey from 2008.
What we have lost and cannot become: societal outcomes of coastal erosion in southern Belize

Countries in the Caribbean region, including Belize, are vulnerable to coastal erosion. Experts and scholars have assessed the effects of coastal erosion in the region in physical and economic terms, most often from a sectoral perspective. However, less attention has been directed to the localized and nonquantifiable effects of coastal erosion in the region. We address this research gap by presenting an empirical study of a village in southern Belize that has experienced significant coastal erosion since the mid-1980s. Drawing on interviews, a mapping exercise, and a literature review, we analyze how villagers are experiencing the impacts of coastal change, and what the resulting risks and losses mean for the socioeconomic stability of the village. We identify five categories of local values affected by coastal erosion, ranging from alteration of social activities to the loss of properties. We demonstrate that the totality of impacts bear consequences to the village’s continued viability, which adds uncertainty to the lives of local residents.
Running head : SECOND-ORDER TOKEN AND TANDEM Comparison of Second-Order Token and Tandem Schedules Using Clinically Common Production and Exchange Values A

Token economies have potential application for use in the facilitati on nd maintenance of behavior change, yet have not been demonstrated experimentally to maximize rate of responding. Findings from basic research suggest second-order chained schedules generate s lower re ponse rates and longer pre-ratio pauses when compared with second-order variable or tandem schedules. Applied r esearch supports the use of token economies in increasing appropriate behavior and reducing problem be havior, but has not provided an analogue to basic research. The purpose of this study is to compar e res onding under secondorder token and tandem schedules using clinically common production and exchange value s with a participant diagnosed with autism. Rate of responding on a free operant t ask (i.e., target touching) and an applied task (i.e., sorting clothing) were compared; for both tasks tok ens were presented contingently following responses during the token condition, but were absent during the tandem c ondition. Results from one participant indicate longer pre-ratio pauses and duration per component und r he second-order token schedule than the tandem schedule. These findings replicate basi c research findings and suggest the use of tokens is contraindicated.
Multifractional splines: application to seismic imaging

Seismic imaging commits itself to locating singularities in the elastic properties of the Earth's subsurface. Using the high-frequency ray-Born approximation for scattering from non-intersecting smooth interfaces, seismic data can be represented by a generalized Radon transform mapping the singularities in the medium to seismic data. Even though seismic data are bandwidth limited, signatures of the singularities in the medium carry through this transform and its inverse and this mapping property presents us with the possibility to develop new imaging techniques that preserve and characterize the singularities from incomplete, bandwidth-limited and noisy data. In this paper we propose a non-adaptive Curvelet/Contourlet technique to image and preserve the singularities and a data-adaptive Matching Pursuit method to characterize these imaged singularities by Multi-fractional Splines. This first technique borrows from the ideas within the Wavelet-Vaguelette/Quasi-SVD approach. We use the almost diagonalization of the scattering operator to approximately compensate for (i) the coloring of the noise and hence facilitate estimation; (ii) the normal operator itself. Results of applying these techniques to seismic imaging are encouraging although many open fundamental questions remain.
Computationally efficient nonlinear edge preserving smoothing of n-D medical images via scale-space fingerprint analysis

Nonlinear edge preserving smoothing often is performed prior to medical image segmentation. The goal of the nonlinear smoothing is to improve the accuracy of the segmentation by preserving changes in image intensity at the boundaries of structures of interest, while smoothing random variations due to noise id the interiors of the structures. Methods include median filtering and morphology operations such as gray scale erosion and dilation, as well as spatially varying-smoothing driven by local contrast measures. Rather than irreversibly altering the image data prior to segmentation, the approach described here has the potential to unify nonlinear edge preserving smoothing with segmentation based on differential edge detection at multiple scales. The analysis of n-D image data is decomposed into independent 1-D problems that can be solved quickly. Smoothing in various directions along 1-D profiles through the n-D data is driven by a measure of local structure separation, rather than by a local contrast measure. Isolated edges are preserved independent of their contrast; given an adequate contrast to noise ratio.
Sex combs, allometry, and asymmetry in Drosophila

There has been recent debate about the expected allometry of sexually-selected traits. Although sexually-selected traits exhibit a diversity of allometric patterns, signalling characters are frequently positively allometric. By contrast, insect genitalia tend to be negatively allometric, although the allometry of nongenital sexually-selected characters in insects is largely unknown (with some notable exceptions). It has also been suggested that there should be a negative association between the asymmetry and size of bilaterally-paired, sexually-selected traits, although this claim is controversial. We assessed the allometry and asymmetry (fluctuating asymmetry, FA) of a nongenital contact‐courtship structure, the sex comb, in replicate populations of three species of Drosophila (we also measured wing FA). Sex combs are sexually-selected characters used to grasp the female’s abdomen and genitalia and to spread her wings prior to and during copulation. Although species differed in the size of the sex combs, all combs were positively allometric, and comb allometry did not generally differ significantly between species or populations. Comb and wing asymmetry did vary across species, although not across populations of the same species. However, FA was trait specific and was never negatively associated with trait size. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 103, 923‐934. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: developmental stability ‐ Diptera ‐ D. melanogaster ‐ D. pseudoobscura ‐ D. simulans ‐ fluctuating asymmetry ‐ scaling.
Long-term impact of zinc supplementation in sows: Impact on zinc status biomarkers and performance

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term impact of zinc (Zn) supplementation on performance and Zn status biomarkers in sows and on whether this possible impact depends on housing conditions. Materials and methods: Six groups of sows were allotted to group housing on two different floor types during gestation. Within each group, sows were randomly allocated to one of three diets varying in the amount of Zn supplemented (0, 50, or 100 mg added Zn per kg diet; 50% ZnO:50% organic Zn) to a basal diet containing 46.6 and 128.9 mg Zn per kg during gestation and lactation, respectively. Blood was collected at days 0, 50, 108, and 143 of every cycle and analyzed for plasma Zn and copper and serum metallothionein (MT) concentrations. After slaughter, mineral concentrations of metacarpals, liver, and abaxial horn wall were determined. Results: Dietary Zn supplementation beyond basal dietary Zn concentrations did not influence serum MT concentrations (P = .77) and Zn concentrations in blood plasma (P = .13), liver (P = .54), bone (P = .26), and horn wall (P = .39). The 100-mg Zn per kg supplemented sows had lower bodyweight, body condition score, and backfat thickness (P < .001). The lack of impact of Zn supplementation may have been (partly) attributed to the unexpected high supply of Zn through premix in the lactation diet. Implications: Under these study conditions, commercially grown sows might not need Zn supplementation during gestation when their basal diet contains Zn with phytase.