Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Political violence and hotels: economic consequences and response strategies

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the economic consequences of political violence on hotels operating in Hawassa city and assess their response strategies to deal with the crisis. A qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews with 13 hotel general managers in Hawassa city was employed, and data from interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Study findings uncovered that political violence inflicted significant economic costs on hotels operating in the city. To deal with the effects of political violence, hotels put in place temporary but creatively crafted tools that resorted to cost reduction and marketing strategies. The study could help to better understand the vulnerability and resilience of tourism to political violence in the context of small-city hotels.
Comparative Study on Fuel Assembly of Modular Gas-cooled Fast Reactor using MCNP and OpenMC Code

The design study of GFR concepts comprises neutronic analysis of fuel pin and fuel assembly. The Monte Carlo method has advantages in three-dimensional (3D) geometry modeling but requires a high computation time. In this research, the comparative study of Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) using the Monte Carlo code. The GFR feasibility design study will be carried out with natural uranium with plutonium as fuel cycle inputs. The Monte Carlo method simulates GFR model at full-scale and heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) using Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF/B-VIII.b5) nuclear data. The code of Monte Carlo methods will be used in this research are the Monte Carlo N - Particle (MCNP) and OpenMC. The comparison of the GFR fuel assembly calculation simulation results is made between the MCNP and OpenMC code. The equilibrium cycle configuration is used as the basis model for the comparisons. The comparison of MCNP and OpenMC code gives a good agreement in criticality calculation of GFR that achieves delta kinf less than 1%. The (U-Pu)N fuel is a good candidate to be chosen in GFR research that gives kinf more than 1.1 in fissile contain 10%Pu and has the highest thermal conductivity. The Zircaloy-4 is the best candidate for material cladding in GFR design that provides the highest kinf.
Movement of polymers in an asymmetric nano-channel under various parameters

Separation is an important process in various fields in science and technology, and nano-structures are now being widely used to improve the resolution and speed of separation processes. Continuous separation occurs when the components of a mixture separate at different locations in a device; this makes it possible to inject a new sample into the device at any time during an on-going separation process. Continuous separation of nano-particles in a nano-channel composed of consecutive cones has been shown previously, while this study investigates whether a nano-channel can perform continuous separation of polymers such that polymers of different lengths are separated at the two sides of the channel. For this purpose, the motion of a charged polymer in an asymmetric nano-channel under constant and alternating applied electric fields was studied theoretically and by applying computer simulations. Theoretical formalism was used to determine the situation under which the channel could perform continuous separation, with computer simulations used to check the theoretical results. The effect of different channel parameters on the performance of the nano-channel, as a device for continuous separation, was thus determined.
Detection of Cataract Based on Image Features Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Cataract are the highest cause of blindness that there are 32.4 million people experiencing blindness and as many as 191 million people experiencing visual disabilities in 2010 in the world. On the other hand, the longer a patient suffers from cataracts or late treatment. The development of cataract identification using a traditional algorithm based on feature representation is highly dependent on the classification process carried out by an eye specialist so that the method is prone to misclassification of a person detected or not. However, at this time there is a deep learning, convolutional neural network (CNN) which is used for pattern recognition which can help automate image classification. This research was conducted to increase the accuracy value and minimize data loss in the process of cataract identification by performing an experience namely the manipulation process was carried out by changing epochs. The results of this study indicate that the addition of epochs affects accuracy and loss data from CNN. By comparing variety of epoch values it can be ignored that the higher the age values used, the higher the value of the model. In this study, using the epoch 50 value reached the highest value with a value of 95%. Based on the model that has been made it has also been successful to receive images according to the specified class. After testing accurately, 10 images achieved an average accuracy of 88%.
An Online Word Vector Generation Method Based on Incremental Huffman Tree Merging

: Aiming at high real-time performance processing requirements for large amounts of online text data in natural language processing applications, an online word vector model generation method based on incremental Huffman tree merging is proposed. Maintaining the inherited word Huffman tree in existing word vector model unchanged, a new Huffman tree of incoming words is constructed and ensures that there is no leaf node identical to the inherited Huffman tree. Then the Huffman tree is updated by a method of node merging. Thus based on the existing word vector model, each word still has a unique encoding for the calculation of the hierarchical softmax model. Finally, the generation of incremental word vector model is realized by using neural network on the basis of hierarchical softmax model. The experimental results show that the method could realize the word vector model generation online based on incremental learning with faster time and better performance.
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Cooling and Heating Conditions on the Performance of Thermoelectric Module

Gunumuzde enerjiye olan talep artmaktadir ve fosil yakit kaynaklari hizla tukenmektedir, bunun sonucunda enerji maliyetleri de hizla artmaktadir. Fosil yakitlarin en onemli ozelligi, yuksek karbon seviyeleri iceren hidrokarbon ve organik maddelerden olusmasidir. Bu dunya ve insanlik icin buyuk zarara sebep olmaktadir. Bu tehlikeli durumun karsisinda, dunya devletleri yeni ve temiz enerji kaynaklari aramaktadirlar. Sonuc olarak, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarina yonelim hizla artmaktadir. Bu baglamda termoelektrik (TE) modul, isinin elektrik enerjisine donusumunde onemli bir kaynaktir. Isidan elektrik uretimi miktari TE modulun yuzeyleri arasindaki sicaklik farkina baglidir. Sicaklik farki arttikca, isidan elde edilen elektriksel guc de artmaktadir. Bu calisma farkli hava hizlari, yuzey sicakliklari ve hava sicakliklari kosullarinda, silindirik igne kanatli isi alici gomulu bir Bi_2 Te_3 TE modulunun isi transferi ve elektrik uretimi performansi numerik olarak incelemeyi amaclamaktadir. Sonuclar Reynolds sayisina gore, sicaklik dagilimi, guc girdisi, guc ciktisi, gerilim ciktisi, akim ciktisi, sicaklik farki, toplam termal direnci, donusum verimliligi ve Nusselt sayisi gibi parametrelerle degerlendirilmis ve tartisilmistir. Tum analizlerde Reynolds sayisindaki artisla birlikte TE modulun isi transferi ve elektrik uretimi performansinin arttigi gozlemlenmistir. En yuksek donusum verimliligi genel olarak 200℃ yuzey sicakliklarinda, spesifik olarak 20000 Reynolds sayisi ve 5℃ hava sicakliginda elde edilmistir. Ek olarak, TE modulun yuzeyleri arasindaki sicaklik farkinin iyi performans vermek icin tek basina yeterli olmadigi bunun yaninda soguk yuzeyinin dusuk sicaklikta tutulmasi gerektigi gozlemlenmistir.
Digital media assignments in undergraduate science education: an evidence-based approach

Digital media assignments empower students to become co-creators of knowledge rather than passive consumers of content. The Internet explosion and the affordability of digital technologies and devices such as smartphones, tablets and action cameras have created opportunities to use digital media in the classroom. This article aims to present an evidence-based approach to help educators to design, implement and evaluate digital media assignments in the classroom. For this purpose, four theoretical models were tested to inform the design of digital media assignments in undergraduate science education. These models helped to identify the student training in digital media needed, develop effective marking rubrics, and inform the design, implementation and evaluation of digital media assessment tasks. Trials were conducted in Spring 2016 (n = 458) and Autumn 2017 (n = 1329), respectively. Data collection used a mixed-methods approach, including a qualitative survey, open-ended questions, group contribution data and marks attained. Data analysis showed positive outcomes of the systematic implementation of digital media assignments. In conclusion, students enjoyed the support they received, being creative, working in groups and learning with digital media. To date, this intervention is one of the most comprehensive and practical approaches to digital media assignments in the classroom, which has been undertaken.
Physiological responses of inoculated and uninoculated peanuts under saline stress

This work evaluated the effects of water salinity on the physiological indices in inoculated and non-inoculated peanut plants. The study was carried out in a protected environment at the seedling production unit (UPMA) at Campus das Auroras, at the University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony (UNILAB), Redenção, Ceará. The experimental design used was in a completely randomized (CRD), with treatments in a factorial arrangement, 5x2, referring to the five salinity levels of the irrigation water - CEa: 0.5, 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6.0 dSm-1, and inoculated and non-inoculated plants with a mix of rhizobia SEMIA 630, lot 0810, and SEMIA 6144, lot 0312, from Bradyrhizobium sp. , isolated, with four replications. Recommended fertilization was done for phosphorus (62.5 kg ha-1 of P) and potassium (50 kg ha-1 of K) to supply the nutritional needs of the plants. The nutritional effect caused by symbiosis with Bradyrhizobium sp. favored inoculated plants to present greater tolerance to salt stress. The availability of nitrogen collaborated to increase the efficiency of plant physiological mechanisms. Uninoculated plants, even with a higher amount of chlorophyll and CO2, were not efficient in the photosynthetic rate. Saline stress affected photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll; however, with less intensity when inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp. The increase in salinity on irrigation water increased the leaf temperature.
The level of perception, awareness, and behavior on intellectual property protection: A study of the emerging country

How to cite this paper: Tam, L. T. T. , Thai, H. D. , Hai, P. T. T. , Tuan, T. D. , & Thanh, T. C. (2021). The level of perception, awareness, and behavior on intellectual property protection: A study of the emerging country. Journal of Governance & Regulation,
‘The brain needs nutrition’: pupils’ connections between organizational levels

Previous research suggests that connecting organizational levels of biological systems is challenging for pupils. In the present study we investigated 122 pupils’ written responses to a question in a national biology test concerning how nutrient molecules are adsorbed by the small intestine and transported to the brain. We aimed to investigate what awareness the pupils have of the connection between the digestive and circulatory systems. We mapped the pupil’s expressed knowledge by using content analysis which was performed in five steps including connection between the systems, organizational levels and scientific explanations. We found that the most correct descriptions contained the highest number of connections between the digestive and the circulatory systems and linking of the different organizational levels. The most correct descriptions included the highest proportion of the meso level. Therefore, knowledge at the meso level seems to be essential for grasping connections between macroand submicro-level processes, and connections of digestion and circulation systems.
A new approach to optimal smooth path planning of mobile robots with continuous-curvature constraint

ABSTRACT Smooth path planning is very important to mobile robots with continuous-curvature constraint, but there are still some limitations and drawbacks on traditional planning approach. To deal with this problem, a new approach combined with parametric cubic Bezier curve (PCBC) and particle swarm optimization with adaptive delayed velocity (PSO-ADV), is developed to plan the smooth path of mobile robots. Unlike the traditional smooth path consisting of several linear and curve segments with discontinuous curvature at the joints, the smooth path composed of PCBC segments has equivalent curvature at the segment joints, thereby it is able to attain continuous curvature along the whole smooth path. In terms of the mathematical formulation of PCBC, the smooth path planning is essentially an optimization problem to seek the optimal control points and parameters of PCBC segments. To handle this intractable problem and some frequently encountered troubles (e.g. premature convergence and local trapping), a new PSO-ADV algorithm is developed by blending the term of adaptive delayed velocity, and its superiority can be confirmed by several simulation experiments. The new approach is finally applied to produce the smooth path with continuous-curvature constraint, and can achieve superior performance in comparison with traditional method.
The control of composition, texture and weathering on the physical and strength properties of selected intrusive igneous rocks from North Pakistan

This work characterizes intrusive igneous rocks from north Pakistan in terms of their mineralogy, texture and weathering grades and their effect on the physical and strength properties. The mafic and intermediate rocks showed a low cumulative percentage of quartz, feldspar and plagioclase with high specific gravity, strength (i.e. UCS and R-value) and UPV values compared to the felsic rocks. Likewise, samples with anhedral grain shape, irregular boundaries, fine to medium grain size (UD, ANS, CGN) showed higher strength values, that is, 121, 118 and 91 MPa compressive strength and 11, 9, and 12 MPa tensile strengths, respectively. The weathering grades assigned to the investigated samples, such as fresh (WG-I), slightly weathered (WG-II) and highly weathered (WG-III) corresponded well with the physical and strength properties, that is, as the grade increased from WG-I to WG-III, the porosity and water absorption increased (0.28% and 0.72% respectively), whereas the specific gravity, compressive strength and tensile strength decreased (2.04, 20 MPa and 2.5 MPa, respectively, for CGA). The presence of quartz affects rock strength; however, no significant correlation was observed for strength and maximum and mean grain sizes of different minerals.
Comparing the Effect of Aromatherapy and Distraction on the Pain Caused by Venipuncture in Hospitalized Children: Evidence from a Clinical Trial Study

Background: Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory experience associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues. Therapeutic procedures cause fear in children, which in turn leads to physical and mental stress. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of aromatherapy and distraction on the pain caused by venipuncture among hospitalized children. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 90 children hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Ali-Ebne-Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan in 2018 are examined. The eligible children were selected using the convenience sampling technique and were divided into three groups (n = 30) using stratified permuted block randomization. In the distraction group, a Kolah Ghermezi (Red Hat) puppet was used to play with the children before and during venipuncture. In the aromatherapy group, lavender essence was used 20 minutes before the beginning of venipuncture. No intervention was provided in the control group. The children’s pain intensity was measured using OUCHER standard instrument 10 minutes after the end of venipuncture. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 24 using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc tests analyses. Results: A significant difference was found between the two intervention groups and the control group. Accordingly, both interventions could significantly decrease the pain intensity (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two intervention groups concerning the impacts of interventions on the pain intensity. Conclusions: A significant difference was found between the two intervention groups and the control group. Accordingly, both interventions could significantly decrease the pain intensity (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two intervention groups concerning the impacts of interventions on the pain intensity.
The Association Between Institutional Primary Healthcare Service Quality and Patients’ Experiences with Community Health Centres: Results from the Greater Bay Area Study, China

Background: To explore the association between the service quality of community health centres (CHCs) as the supplier evaluation and patients’ experiences of health services as the demand-side evaluation.Methods: This study was conducted at six CHCs in the Greater Bay area of China. During August–October 2019, 1568 patients were recruited (55.8% women and 44.2% men). We evaluated the service quality of CHCs using the National Committee for Quality Assurance Patient-Centered Medical Home (NCQA-PCMH) recognition questionnaire. We assessed patients’ experiences with medical and health services using the Primary Care Assessment Tools (PCAT). Results: The global PCAT score was higher at the CHCs with higher NCQA-PCMH levels, showing positive dose-effect trends. This was similar for the PCAT sub-dimensions. For example, the scores of each PCAT sub-dimension of NCQA-PCMH Level 3 were significantly higher than those of Levels 2 and 1. Except for D and F dimensions, the scores of other sub-dimensions of Level 2 were significantly higher than those of Level 1.Conclusions: Our results indicated that better institutional service quality evaluation determined by the NCQA-PCMH led to better patients’ experiences as determined by the PCAT. Our findings added new evidence in support of better institutional primary healthcare service quality leading to better experiences among patients, and would help further improve the patient-centred primary healthcare service policy and management.
Considering regional challenges when prioritizing tourism policy interventions: evidence from a Mediterranean community of projects

Abstract Policy-led interventions in the tourism domain should acknowledge the particular challenges of the territories to be implemented to promote desirable impacts. When intervention areas exceed the national level, the indicator approach may prove effective in determining the particular needs of different areas, thus better identifying projects that could bring the most change to lagging areas. The present study tests the potential of indicators to drive spatially targeted policies by proposing and implementing a methodological framework that examines whether the activities of selected projects under the 1st call of the Interreg-MED Thematic Objective of Sustainable Tourism effectively covered the needs of the Mediterranean regions. Furthermore, it builds regional clusters as a means to prioritize future interventions in the most suitable regions, in consideration of their particular weaknesses. The analysis revealed that interventions could have been more effectively allocated, and that more active participation of Mediterranean regions is needed. The proposed framework could serve as a starting point for enhancing the evaluation processes for project selection and lead to improvements in the policy framework for sustainable tourism.
Laws and Mechanism of the Fe (III) Clogging of Porous Media in Managed Aquifer Recharge

The use of stormwater for managed aquifer recharge (MAR) has become one of the most important ways to deal with water shortages and the corresponding environmental geological problems, especially in the north of China. The Fe (III) clogging of porous media is a common and significant problem that influences the effect of the infiltration rate. This paper focuses on the migration characteristics and clogging mechanisms of iron hydroxides in sand columns. The results indicate that the permeability of porous media significantly decreased at the inlet of the fine sand column and inside the coarse sand column. We demonstrated that, when the Fe (III) concentration was higher, a smaller infiltration medium size was produced more rapidly, and there was more significant clogging. More than 80% of the injected Fe (III) remained in the sand column, and more than 50% was retained within 1 cm of the column inlet. The mass retention increased with the decrease in the size of the infiltration medium particles and with the increase in the injected Fe (III) concentration. The main material that caused Fe (III) clogging was iron hydroxide colloids, which were in the form of a granular or flocculent membrane coating the quartz sand. The mechanisms of clogging and retention were blocking filtration and deep bed filtration, adsorption, and deposition, which were strongly affected by the coagulation of Fe (III) colloidal particles.
A new compact microstrip dual bandpass filter using stepped impedance and λ/2 bended resonators

In this paper, a compact dual‐band bandpass filter (DB‐BPF) is implemented by using a pair of coupled stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) and a pair of λ/2 bended resonators for the modern wireless communication systems such as WiMAX and WLAN (3.4 and 5.4‐GHz). The physical layout is presented and explained the establishment of an LC equivalent circuit. Moreover, the second passband of the proposed dual‐band bandpass filter can be independently controlled by inserting the open‐circuited stubs at the end of the λ/2 bended resonators without increasing the circuit size. Simulation results show that the second passband can be ranged from 5.6 to 4.8‐GHz with the bandwidth of 400 ± 96‐MHz, whereas the first passband is fixed with the bandwidth of 280 ± 8.5‐MHz. The measured results exhibit the insertion losses (S21) lower than 1.2 and 1.4 dB, and the return losses (S11) of −23 and −32 dB at the first and second passbands, respectively, which show a good agreement with simulation results. The dual‐band microstrip filter is fabricated on RT/Rogers 4003 substrate with a compact size of 0. 24λg × 0. 25λg.
The Opto-Electronic Functional Devices Based on Three-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites

These days, opto-electronic functional devices based on three-dimensional lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are emerging. LHPs could be spin-coated to other materials, making it very convenient to combine LHPs with different categories of materials including metals, semiconductors, and polymers and achieve high-level performances. In this review, we will discuss the development in the LHP-based functional devices in recent years. After a brief presentation of the LHP’s properties, we will focus on the functional devices including lasers, photodetectors, and modulators. Then the fabrication of the LHP-based devices will be presented, which is followed by the summary and outlook.