Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scene reordering in movie script alignment

Screenplays are a very interesting source of information to describe and analyze a movie. Once aligned to the video timeline using time information extracted from the subtitles, they can be useful in many multimedia applications because they contain textual descriptions of scenes, names of the speaking characters, dialogues, etc. An alignment however is not always straightforward. The scripts freely available online often do not reflect the released version of the movie showing changes in dialogues, as well as scenes added, removed or reordered in post-production. In this paper we present two improvements to the algorithm traditionally used to align movie scripts with their videos. In particular we show that performance can be improved when taking into account the sequences that were reordered during the editing phase. We also present an automatic categorization of screenplays based on their similarity with the released movie.
Associations between demographics and health-related quality of life for chronic non-malignant pain patients treated at a multidisciplinary pain centre: a cohort study.

OBJECTIVE To describe the associations between demographics and health-related quality of life for chronic non-malignant pain patients. DESIGN A cohort study. SETTING A multidisciplinary Danish pain centre. STUDY PARTICIPANTS All patients treated at the centre between 2007 and 2013. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Levels of pain, anxiety and depression, and physical and mental status. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used. RESULTS A total of 1176 patients were included. The majority were women (64%), the mean age was 46.7 ± 14.4 (range 18-89), and 21% were able to work full or part time. On a Numeric Rating Scale from 0 to 10, median pain-intensity was 8 (interquartile range 7-8) and pain-discomfort 8 (interquartile range 7-9) at time of referral. More than half of the patients had symptoms of anxiety and depression. Most of the individual SF-36 domains had median scores between 0 and 40 (Scale from 0 to 100). Patients younger than 50 years of age as well as patients on sick leave/disability pension had significantly lower SF-36 scores. Level of pain, anxiety and depression decreased and SF-36-scores increased significantly after a course of treatment which in most cases consisted of both medical, physiotherapeutic and psychological treatment as well as health-oriented education. The chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon Signed-rank test were used for analyses. CONCLUSIONS In order to improve treatment at a multidisciplinary pain centre, it may be of value to target treatments to different patient subgroups based on, amongst other things, age and employment status.
Effects of nitric acid gas alone or in combination with ozone on healthy volunteers.

Nitric acid (HNO3) is the most prevalent acid air pollutant in the western United States and has the potential to cause adverse respiratory effects through both acidification and oxidation reactions. To study this potential, we measured physiologic (specific airway resistance, SRaw, FEV1, and FVC) and bronchoalveolar lavage (total and differential cell counts, LDH, fibronectin, and total protein) end points in a group of 10 healthy, athletic subjects who were exposed to 500 micrograms/m3 of HNO3 gas or filtered air for 4 h during moderate exercise (ventilatory rate, 40 L/min) and underwent bronchoscopy 18 h later. Under an identical protocol, 10 healthy subjects were exposed to 500 micrograms/m3 of HNO3 gas plus 0.20 ppm ozone (O3) or 0.20 ppm O3 alone to determine if HNO3 might enhance the toxicity of O3. In addition to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), we employed the techniques of isolated left mainstem bronchial lavage and bronchial biopsy to determine if proximal airway injury was caused by pollutant exposure and whether there was any correlation with the degree of distal lung injury as assessed by BAL. We found no significant differences in pulmonary function tests or in the cellular or biochemical constituents in either the BAL or the left mainstem lavage fluids between the HNO3 and the air exposures. Similarly, there were no differences in these end points between the HNO3/O3 and the O3 exposures. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the bronchial biopsy specimens between the HNO3 and air exposures or between the HNO3/O3 and O3 exposures. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adaptation of the Resistance Training Skills Battery for Use in Children Across the Motor Proficiency Spectrum.

PURPOSE The study aim was to adapt the Resistance Training Skills Battery for use in children and assess its interrater and intrarater reliability. The RTSBc provides an assessment of resistance training (RT) skill competency and an indication of readiness to perform RT. The RTSBc includes 6 basic RT skills. Scoring for individual RT skills is based on the number of performance criteria correctly demonstrated and a gross resistance training skills quotient for children (RTSQc) is calculated by summing the individual skill scores. METHODS Twenty participants (mean age = 8.2 ± 1.8 years) were assessed while performing the RTSBc on 2 occasions. The 3 raters completing the assessments had varying levels of movement analysis and RT experience and received training in how to appraise RT skill competency using the RTSBc. RESULTS Interrater reliability for the 3 raters was very good for the RTSQc (ICC = 0.92) and individual RT skills (ICC range = 0.82-0.94). Intrarater reliability of the live rater was also very good for the RTSQc (ICC = 0.97) and individual RT skills (ICC range = 0.87-0.95). CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated the interrater and intrarater reliability of the RTSBc for children with varying levels of motor proficiency. The RTSBc can be used reliably within and between-raters to assess the RT skill competency of children.
The lipid peroxidation product 4‐hydroxy‐2,3‐trans‐1 nonenal decreases rat intestinal smooth muscle function in‐vitro by alkylation of sulphydryl groups

Abstract— The effects of the lipid peroxidation product 4‐hydroxy‐2,3‐trans‐1 nonenal (HNE) on intestinal smooth muscle function have been studied. Exposure of rat isolated small intestinal segments to HNE (0·1–0·5 Mm) led to decreased muscarinic and β‐adrenergic responses. The maximal response to the muscarinic agonist methacholine and its pEC50 decreased in a dose dependent manner. The response to the β‐adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline was affected in a similar manner, but at slightly higher concentrations of HNE. As HNE has been described to be sulphydryl‐reactive these effects were compared with the effects of the sulphydryl‐reactive agent N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM). Incubation of intestinal segments with NEM had similar effects on pharmacological responses to methacholine, indicating that the effects of HNE like that of NEM are likely to be caused by alkylation of sulphydryl groups. Dithiothreitol, a compound which reduces oxidized sulphydryl groups, was unable to restore the effects of HNE or NEM, which suggests that the effects of HNE and NEM are irreversible.
Adolescents’ Conceptions of National Wealth Distribution: Connections With Perceived Societal Fairness and Academic Plans

This study examined mostly lower-middle–income Latino (37%) and African American (33%) adolescents’ (N = 90, Mage = 15.90) conceptions of how U.S. wealth is and ought to be distributed, and whether these judgments are related to adolescents’ views about societal and legal fairness and their immediate academic plans. Individually administered multipart interviews assessed conceptions regarding (a) actual and ideal U.S. wealth distribution and related “Rawlsian” judgments, (b) social system and legal fairness, and (c) adolescents’ near-term life goals. Overall, adolescents underestimated actual levels of U.S. wealth inequality while also preferring a more egalitarian distribution than was believed to exist. Adolescents’ wealth-related reasoning was mostly unrelated to other societal or personal judgments, whereas societal and legal fairness judgments were related to personal academic plans. Although adolescents had generally negative views of societal and legal fairness, having more positive fairness conceptions was related to a greater emphasis on academic plans. Compared with their younger peers, older adolescents preferred somewhat more wealth inequality for motivational and economic reasons and preferred living in a society with some inequality.
Mechanisms Mediating Oestradiol Modulation of the Developing Brain

The brain has been known to be a sensitive target organ for the permanent organisational effects of gonadal steroids for close to 50 years. Recent advances have revealed a variety of unexpected cellular mechanisms by which steroids impact on the synaptic profile of hypothalamic nuclei critical to the control of reproduction. This review focuses on three in particular: 1) prostaglandins in the masculinisation of the preoptic area and control of male sexual behaviour; 2) GABA in the arcuate nucleus and potential control of the anterior pituitary; and 3) non‐genomic activation of phosphotydolinositol 3 (PI3) kinase and glutamate in the ventromedial nucleus, which is relevant to the control of female reproductive behaviour. The importance of cell‐to‐cell communication, be it between neurones or between neurones and astrocytes, is highlighted as an essential principle for expanding the impact of steroids beyond those cells that express nuclear receptors.
Morphometry of the fibular collateral ligament: Anatomic study with comprehensive review of the literature

There is no consensus in the literature related to the morphology, bony attachments, and variations of the fibular collateral ligament (FCL) of the knee. Our purpose was to investigate FCL morphology and to review reports in the literature regarding this structure. Seventy knees from formalin‐fixed, adult cadavers were dissected and a digital caliper was used to measure FCL length, width, distance from proximal attachment to articular surface (PA→AS), and distance from distal attachment to articular surface (DA→AS). The mean (SE) length and width of all FCLs was 48.3 (1.1) mm and 4 (0.16) mm, respectively. The mean (SE) PA→AS and DA→AS of all FCLs was 22 (0.8) mm and 24.8 (1) mm, respectively. We found a direct relationship between the PA→AS and DA→AS distances (Spearman rho = 0.527, P = 0.002) and this association was independent of age and sex. Two FCL variations were found: a bifurcate ligament with two distal bands and a trifurcate ligament with three distal bands, all of which attached to the fibular head. Our literature review revealed that only 2/10 cadaveric FCL morphology studies reported variations similar to the current study. Further, there was variability in the reported location of the FCL proximal attachment. When combining our data with these studies, 105/219 FCLs directly attached to the apex of the lateral epicondyle (LE), 10/219 to a fovea posterior to the LE, and 104/219 posterior and proximal to the LE. These data may have implications related to FCL injury and repair. Clin. Anat. 27:1089–1096, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Utilization of the matrix pencil technique for determining modal propagation characteristics of printed circuits [microstrip structures]

First the surface current distributions on finite microstrip structures of arbitrary shape are solved for by the method of moments utilizing a conventional delta gap excitation. The matrix pencil technique is then used to decompose the currents along the feed and terminating lines into forward and backward travelling waves, yielding scattering parameters of device. This approach has been utilized to predict the input parameters of leaky wave antennas and for predicting scattering parameters of printed circuits. Experimental verification has been carried out to validate the theory.
The current role of metformin in the management of infertility

In 1935, Drs Irving Stein and Michael Leventhal were the first to report the association of amenorrhoea, hirsutism, obesity, and infertility; a syndrome that is currently known as the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The PCOS is considered one of the commonest endocrinopathies that affect between 5 to 10 percent of women of reproductive age (1). The syndrome is also the commonest cause of infertility in women as it is estimated that between 15 to 20 percent of infertile women suffer from anovulatory infertility due to PCOS. Although this syndrome has been extensively studied for more than 70 years, its etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, hence its management, are still not clearly understood or universally approved.
Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of a novel translocation t(4;22) involving the breakpoint cluster region and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor–alpha genes in a patient with atypical chronic myeloid leukemia

We report a case of BCR‐ABL‐negative atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with translocation t(4;22) (q12;q11.2) juxtaposing the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor–alpha (PDGFRA) genes. The patient was a 57‐year‐old man with a history of stage IV diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, status post–6 cycles of combination chemotherapy in 1999, who presented in August 2002 with enlarged lymph nodes, anemia, and marked leukocytosis (50 × 109 g/dL) consistent with a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD). A bone marrow biopsy showed granulocytic hyperplasia, neutrophilia, and mild eosinophilia. Initial cytogenetic evaluation by interphase FISH for BCR‐ABL, to rule out a translocation 9;22, showed a variant signal pattern consistent with rearrangement of BCR at 22q11.2, but not ABL at 9q34. Analysis of the patient's cDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BCR‐ABL was negative. Cytogenetic analysis showed an abnormal karyotype with rearrangement of chromosomes 4 and 22. PCR amplification and subsequent sequence analysis demonstrated an in‐frame 5′‐BCR/3′‐PDGFRA fusion in the patient's cDNA. PDGFRA encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase and shares structural and organizational homology with the KIT and CSf1R receptor genes. However, although the incidence of MPD involving translocations of PDGFRB has been well established, to our knowledge there are only two previous reports describing a BCR‐PDGFRA fusion gene, in 3 patients diagnosed with atypical CML. Here, we report the molecular and cytogenetic characterization of a patient with BCR‐PDGFRA‐positive MPD who had a complete hematologic response after treatment with imatinib mesylate. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuropeptide Y in the Sheep Fetus: Effects of Acute Hypoxemia and Dexamethasone During Late Gestation* * This work was funded by the Tommy's Campaign and the British Heart Foundation, UK.

Plasma concentrations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) were measured in pregnant ewes and their fetuses under basal conditions and in response to acute hypoxemia during late gestation. The effects of fetal treatment with dexamethasone on these NPY responses were also examined. Under general anesthesia, 10 Welsh Mountain ewes and their fetuses were chronically instrumented between 117‐120 days gestation (dGA; term is approximately 145 dGA) with vascular and amniotic catheters, and an ultrasonic probe around a femoral artery of each fetus. At 124 dGA, five fetuses were continuously infused iv with dexamethasone for 48 h at a rate of 1.73 6 0.16 mgzkg 21 zh 21 while the remaining five fetuses received vehicle at the same rate. At 126 dGA, 45 h from the onset of either infusion ,1ho fmaterno-fetal hypoxemia was induced by reducing maternal FiO2. During normoxia, maternal plasma NPY concentrations were three times those measured in fetal plasma in both groups. During hypoxemia, PaO2 fell to similar levels in the control and dexamethasone-treated groups in both mothers and fetuses. In control animals, there was a significant increase in the NPY concentration in fetal, but not maternal, plasma during hypoxemia. Fetal treatment with dexamethasone significantly enhanced the fetal NPY response to acute hypoxemia but had no effects on basal NPY levels in the fetal or maternal plasma or on the maternal response to acute hypoxemia. These data show: 1) differences between the maternal and fetal plasma NPY response to maternal inhalation hypoxia; 2) that NPY may play a role in mediating fetal defense responses to acute hypoxemia; and 3) that fetal exposure to glucocorticoids modifies the fetal plasma NPY response to acute hypoxemia. (Endocrinology 141: 3976 ‐3982, 2000)
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Positive Retinal Amacrine Cells are Altered in the DBA/2NNia Mouse, a Murine Model for Angle-Closure Glaucoma

To characterize retinal amacrine cell changes in eyes of DBA/2NNia (DBA) mice that develop an inherited angle-closure glaucoma. Methods:DBA and non-glaucomatous C57BL/6J mice of different age groups (2 to 23 months of age) were studied and compared. Morphologic investigations included NADPH-diaphorase staining of retinal whole mounts and fluorescence immunohistochemistry of cryosections with antibodies against neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), tyrosin hydroxylase (TH), gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Results:Immunohistochemistry of amacrine cell subpopulations in the retinae of DBA mice revealed no significant staining differences in the two mouse strains at all ages using antibodies against TH, GABA, and VAChT. However, staining with nNOS and NADPH diaphorase revealed significant differences between the DBA strain and the C57BL/6J mice. With the onset of elevated IOP and glaucoma beginning at around 6 months in the DBA mice, the total number of NOS positive amacrine cells continuously decreased from 1000 cells at 6 months of age down to 480 cells in animals older than 20 months of age, but did not decline in age-matched C57 mouse retinas. Conclusion:We previously described a parafoveal loss of nNOS positive amacrine cells in the monkey glaucoma model. The fact that there is also a significant decrease of nNOS amacrine cells in the glaucomatous mouse eye indicates a specific response of nNOS positive amacrine cells in glaucomatous retinopathy.
Measurement of interleukin 1β and interleukin 6 in synovial fluid of osteoarthritic dogs.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative process which involves different structures of the synovial joints. Degradation and repair of the articular cartilage – the most important involved structure – were investigated by measuring interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-6, joint markers of degradation and repair respectively. To this end, five mature large size mixed-breed male dogs were used for this study. Synovial fluid samples were obtained from joints by aseptic arthrocentesis before surgical sectioning of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and on days 14, 28, 90 and 180 after CCL transaction. Statistical analysis of the results showed that both cytokines exhibited an increasing pattern. IL-1β showed significant increase after six months and IL-6 showed a non-significant increase. There was no significant correlation between these cytokines during the study. We concluded that although both degradation and repair were in progress in osteoarthritic joints, degradation was predominant over repair when no treatment was performed to slow down the process.
Roll back malaria is unarguably both necessary and possible.

Malaria is unarguably a disease that can still be both prevented and treated effectively. It is also a large and growing burden of disease in the world that is grossly inconsistent with modern health standards and it receives far too little attention. The Roll Back Malaria (RBM) movement was established as a response to the situation. The RBM goal is to continue developing a reserve of effective technologies for preventing and treating malaria. This article discusses some of the challenges in the task of reducing incidence of malaria. Five main concerns expressed at a WHO round table discussion were: massive cost resistance to drugs and insecticides inadequate local capacity the false impression that there has been a lack of new initiatives and the horizontal approach. Overall it is emphasized that such difficulties can be tackled by applying science human and financial resources and effective organization. Most important though is the recognition of the need to oppose the suffering and deprivation caused by malaria.
A Call for Artificial Intelligence Tools to Support Manufacturing Innovation

We are in the midst of a renewed interest in manufacturing. Developed economies in the West are increasingly concerned about the decline in manufacturing in their countries, and have linked that decline to high unemployment and low economic growth. In simple terms, they have come to the realization that they have to make things to make it in the 21 st century. They also realize that old forms of manufacturing are not coming back to their rescue. So they are turning to manufacturing innovation to bring new ways of making things to their shores. They sense that recent advances in information, communication, and network technologies may provide a vigorous platform to launch such innovation in manufacturing. There is considerable evidence that this may indeed be possible.
HIV screening among TB patients and level of antiretroviral therapy and co-trimoxazole preventive therapy for TB/HIV patients in Hawassa University Referral Hospital: a five year retrospective study

Introduction Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is recommended for tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected patients to prevent opportunistic infection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HIV among TB patients and initiation of ART and provision of CPT for TB/HIV co-infected patients in Hawassa university referral hospital. Methods A five year document review was done on 1961 TB patients who are registered at TB clinic of Hawassa university referral hospital from September 2009 to august 2014. Data were collected using checklist. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of TB/HIV co-infection. Results Among 1961 TB patients diagnosed in the hospital, 95% (1765) were screened for HIV. Of these, 13.9% (246) were HIV positive. Out of 246 TB/HIV co-infected patients 31.7% (78/246) and 37.4% (92/246) were enrolled to start ART and CPT respectively. Roughly the trends of TB/HIV co-infection decreased with increased linkage to CPT, while linkage to ART was not regular across the year. The rate of TB/HIV co-infection was significantly associated with type of TB. Conclusion Although, trend of HIV among TB patients has decreased across the year, only a minority of co-infected patients was linked to start ART and CPT. Therefore, screening of all TB patients for HIV and linkage of co-infected patients to HIV care to start ART and CPT should be strengthened in-line with the national guidelines.