Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The PqsR and RhlR Transcriptional Regulators Determine the Level of Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal Synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Producing Two Different pqsABCDE mRNA Isoforms

ABSTRACT Regulation of gene expression plays a key role in bacterial adaptability to changes in the environment. An integral part of this gene regulatory network is achieved via quorum sensing (QS) systems that coordinate bacterial responses under high cellular densities. In the nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the 2-alkyl-4-quinolone (pqs) signaling pathway is crucial for bacterial survival under stressful conditions. Biosynthesis of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is dependent on the pqsABCDE operon, which is positively regulated by the LysR family regulator PqsR and repressed by the transcriptional regulator protein RhlR. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this inhibition have remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that not only PqsR but also RhlR activates transcription of pqsA. The latter uses an alternative transcriptional start site and induces expression of a longer transcript that forms a secondary structure in the 5′ untranslated leader region. As a consequence, access of the ribosome to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence is restricted and translation efficiency reduced. We propose a model of a novel posttranscriptional regulation mechanism that fine-tunes PQS biosynthesis, thus highlighting the complexity of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa.
Cricket World Cup 2015: Predicting User’s Orientation through Mix Tweets on Twitter Platform

The existing literature has explored various latent attributes of Twitter users. It is worth noting that user classification research in the context of gender or the political domain is mostly binary in nature such as male-female or Republican-Democrat. Conversely, in multi-team contexts user classification is a not a binary task. Also, prior studies have mostly ignored tweets which mention more than one orientation (i.e. both Republican and Democrat-related keywords) within a tweet. We consider these tweets as mix tweets. We investigate the relationship between user classification (in a multi-team context) and user-level mix tweeting pattern. To test our proposed model, we have extracted 3.5 million tweets during the Cricket World Cup 2015 (CWC’15), in which 14 cricket-playing nations participated. We employed a logistic regression model, and our empirical evidence strongly confirms our hypothesis.
Distributed mobility management in vehicular networks

Conventional networks are deployed through hierarchical architectures, which in many cases deal with centralized mobility anchoring models to ensure IP session continuity and IP reachability to mobile devices. Current IP mobility management is based on a centralized and static mobility anchor, which is a single point of failure that can introduce long delays and high management signaling. IP mobility management needs to cope with the evolution of mobile network architectures towards flatten architectural models. Thus, novel distributed mobility models have been proposed to distribute the mobility anchors closer to the end-user.
Permeation prediction of M100240 using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay.

PURPOSE Kansy et al first introduced the Parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) in 1998. In this system, the permeability through a membrane formed by a mixture of lecithin and an inert organic solvent on a filter support is assessed. PAMPA shows definite trends in the ability of molecules to permeate membranes by transcellular passive diffusion. Its simplicity, low cost, high throughput, and wide pH range make it very attractive in modern drug discovery. Based on this concept, Whohnsland et al, Sugano et al and Zhu et al modified the assay and used it to screen compound permeability. We used PAMPA for the permeation prediction of M100240, which was unable to be determined by cell-based assays due to compound instability. METHODS In this study, 92 commercially available agents provided the structural diversity used to generate a mathematical prediction model for human fraction absorbed, M100240--an acetate thioester of MDL 100,173. Permeation of M100240 and MDL 100,173 was evaluated using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). The donor and recipient solutions consisted of 0.5N HCl (pH 1.5) or phosphate-buffered saline (pH 5.5 or 7.4) with 2% dimethyl sulfoxide. The donor solution also contained 200 mM M100240 or MDL 100,173. RESULTS M100240 had a medium permeation at pH 5.5 (2.99%), corresponding to a high predicted Fa in humans (92%). Permeation of MDL 100,173 was low at this pH (0.72%), corresponding to a medium-to-low predicted Fa (46). At pH 7.4, the permeation of M100240 was low (approximately 1%) and no permeation was apparent for MDL 100,173. CONCLUSIONS We predicted M100240 is likely to be well absorbed via passive diffusion across the human gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.
Internalizing behaviors in 4-year-old children exposed in utero to psychotropic medications.

OBJECTIVE Internalizing behaviors in children between 4 and 5 years of age who had been prenatally exposed to psychotropic medications were investigated. The authors had previously reported the effects of prenatal medication exposure in this same cohort when they were newborns and infants at 3 and 8 months of age. METHOD Parental/teacher reports and a clinical measure of mother and child interactions were used to assess levels of internalizing behaviors (e.g., depression, anxiety, withdrawal). Outcomes were compared between children with prenatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure (N=22) and nonexposed children of healthy, nondepressed, nonmedicated mothers (N=14). Measures of maternal mood were obtained. Ordered logistic regressions, independent-sample t tests, and univariate ANOVAs were used to compare outcomes between groups. Pearson correlations were used to determine associations between maternal mood and child behaviors. RESULTS Levels of internalizing behaviors did not differ significantly between children with prenatal psychotropic medication exposure and those not exposed. However, as symptoms of maternal anxiety and depression increased, so did reported internalizing behaviors in their children. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to psychotropic medications was not associated with increased reports of internalizing behaviors at 4 years of age, whereas impaired maternal mood did have an identified impact on child behavior. Further study of complex associations between maternal psychiatric disorders, prenatal SSRI exposure, and childhood internalizing behaviors is required to understand if the child outcome is affected by the illness, medications, or a combination of both.
Picosecond superconducting single-photon optical detector

We experimentally demonstrate a supercurrent-assisted, hotspot-formation mechanism for ultrafast detection and counting of visible and infrared photons. A photon-induced hotspot leads to a temporary formation of a resistive barrier across the superconducting sensor strip and results in an easily measurable voltage pulse. Subsequent hotspot healing in ∼30 ps time frame, restores the superconductivity (zero-voltage state), and the detector is ready to register another photon. Our device consists of an ultrathin, very narrow NbN strip, maintained at 4.2 K and current-biased close to the critical current. It exhibits an experimentally measured quantum efficiency of ∼20% for 0.81 μm wavelength photons and negligible dark counts.
3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-COA Reductase Inhibitors and Phosphodiesterase Type V Inhibitors Attenuate Right Ventricular Pressure and Remodeling in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Hypertension

PURPOSE. We examined the inhibitory effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors and a phosphodiesterase type V inhibitor on hemodynamic function and cardiac remodeling in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. METHODS. The rat model of pulmonary hypertension was created by administration of monocrotaline (70 mg/kg, s.c.) to male Wistar rats. A polyethylene tube was introduced into a femoral artery for measurement of mean arterial pressure, another into the right ventricle via the right jugular vein for measurement of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and another into a femoral vein for administration of test drugs. RESULTS. Repeated administration of atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day, p.o. 0 - 28 days) and simvastatin (2 mg/kg/day, p.o. 0 - 28 days) significantly reduced RVSP and right ventricular weight (RV)/left ventricular + septum weight (LV + S) without a change in heart rate. However, repeated administration of pravastatin (4 mg/kg/day, p.o. 0 - 28 days) did not reduce the monocrotaline-induced elevation of RVSP and RV/(LV + S) significantly. The reduction of RVSP and RV/(LV + S)) induced by a combination of a prostacyclin analogue, beraprost (100 mg/kg/day, 0 - 28 days) and simvastatin (2 mg/kg/day, 0 - 28 days), was more potent than the effect induced by each drug alone. Sildenafil (5 mg/kg/day, 0 - 28 days) tended to reduce RVSP and RV/(LV + S). Repeated combined administration of atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day, p.o. 0 - 28 days) + sildenafil (5 mg/kg/day, p.o. 0 - 28 days) significantly reduced Lung/BW. CONCLUSION. Our present results suggest that repeated administration of the lipophilic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, atorvastatin and simbastatin, selectively attenuates the elevation of RVSP, development of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular remodeling in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension, and that a combination of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and beraprost has a more potent effect than each agent alone.
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 with NS‐398 and the prevention of radiation‐induced transformation, micronuclei formation and clonogenic cell death in C3H 10T1/2 cells

Purpose: Abnormally high levels of the cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 isozyme as well as the prostaglandin metabolites produced by the COX pathway have been observed in a variety of malignancies, including cancers of the skin, pancreas, colon, breast, cervix, prostate, and head and neck. Furthermore, exogenous genotoxic agents, including ionizing radiation (IR), have been shown to induce cellular transformation and to elevate COX‐2 activity, whereas exposure to agents that specifically inhibit COX‐2 activity have been shown to inhibit transformation. These data suggest a possible role of COX‐2 both in IR‐mediated cellular transformation processes and cell death. Materials and methods: C3H 10T1/2 and/or HeLa cells were treated with N‐[2‐(cyclohexyloxy)‐4‐nitrophenyl]‐methanesulfonamide (NS‐398) and/or exposed to IR. Following treatment, cells were assayed for neoplastic transformation, clonogenicity, growth rates, cell cycle distribution, micronuclei formation and DNA damage by established methodologies. Statistical tests were performed on data as described. Results: In the present study, experiments in normal murine fibroblast C3H 10T1/2 cells demonstrated that the chemical inhibition of COX‐2 activity with moderate doses of NS‐398 abrogated IR‐induced transformation events by fourfold and protected irradiated C3H 10T1/2 cells from clonogenic cell death. Considering that these doses of NS‐398 had no significant effect on cellular proliferation or cell cycle distribution in C3H 10T1/2 cells, the results suggest that inhibition of COX‐2 either increases DNA repair or prevents the accumulation of DNA damage. In supplemental experiments, treatment with NS‐398 caused a 1.5‐fold reduction in IR‐induced micronuclei formation and a significant decrease in DNA damage. Conclusions: These results suggest a role for COX‐2 inhibitors in the normal tissue response to IR when administered at therapeutically achievable doses and therefore may have clinical implications for radiation oncology patients in the prevention of IR‐induced malignancy.
Anti-inflammatory effect of active nanofibrous polymeric membrane bearing nanocontainers of atorvastatin complexes.

AIM We developed polymeric membranes for local administration of nonsoluble anti-inflammatory statin, as potential wound patch in rheumatic joint or periodontal lesions. METHODS Electrospun polycaprolactone membranes were fitted with polysaccharide-atorvastatin nanoreservoirs by using complexes with poly-aminocyclodextrin. Characterization methods are UV-Visible and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, molecular dynamics, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In vitro, membranes were seeded with macrophages, and inflammatory cytokine expression were monitored. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Stable inclusion complexes were formed in solution (1:1 stability constant 368 M-1, -117.40 kJ mol-1), with supramolecular globular organization (100 nm, substructure 30 nm). Nanoreservoir technology leads to homogeneous distribution of atorvastatin calcium trihydrate complexes in the membrane. Quantity embedded was estimated (70-90 μg in 30 μm × 6 mm membrane). Anti-inflammatory effect by cell contact-dependent release reached 60% inhibition for TNF-α and 80% for IL-6. The novelty resides in the double protection offered by the cyclodextrins as drug molecular chaperones, with further embedding into biodegradable nanoreservoirs. The strategy is versatile and can target other diseases.
Ibogaine reduces organ colonization in murine systemic and gastrointestinal Candida albicans infections.

In the present study the effect of the indole alkaloid ibogaine on the in vitro lipolytic activity and adherence to epithelial cells of Candida albicans was investigated. The substance was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg kg(-1) day(-1) in mice with disseminated and gastrointestinal C. albicans infections. Ibogaine significantly decreased the rate of mortality and the number of C. albicans c.f. u. recovered from the kidney, liver and spleen. Ibogaine interfered with the early stages of both disseminated and gastrointestinal C. albicans infections but did not reduce the number of C. albicans c.f. u. in the organs at the late phase of infections. The development of a specific immune response was not influenced by ibogaine, since the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to C. albicans and the production of interferon (IFN)-gamma were similar in control and ibogaine-treated mice. The combined use of amphotericin B plus ibogaine in the treatment of mice with gastrointestinal infection reduced organ colonization more strongly than each substance alone.
The open cluster innovation mode and evaluation of innovation efficiency based on DEA of high-tech enterprises in Yangtze River Delta

The status in quo and necessity for making open technological innovation of High-tech enterprises in Yangtze River Delta are introduced based on industrial clustering, combined with the background of the global financial crisis and the character of economic development in Yangtze River Delta. And the open technological innovation mode is brought forward for High-tech enterprises in Yangtze River Delta according to analyze the mechanism of its open innovation after industrial clustering. Then an open innovation model and its process model are made for discussing the content and importance of open innovation, and a DEA method is used to evaluate innovation efficiency of high-tech enterprises in Yangtze River Delta. Finally High-tech enterprises could improve their dynamic innovative ability and core competitiveness depending on industrial clustering and open innovation.
Estudio microbiológico de nuevas alternativas en el tratamiento de "stenotrophomonas maltophilia"

A partir de la decada de los 80 comienzan a publicarse numerosos trabajos que comunican un aumento de la frecuencia de los aislamientos de S. maltophilia en muestras clinicas, asi como la aparicion de brotes epidemicos nosocomiales causados por este microorganismo. Estos hechos, junto a su caracteristica resistencia intrinseca a la mayoria de los antimicrobianos, le han hecho adquirir importancia como patogeno nosocomial emergente. La situacion ocasionada por Acinetobacter baumannii y otros microorganimos multirresistentes (la utilizacion, por tanto, de antibioterapia de amplio espectro) en nuestros hospitales estaria creando las condiciones ideales para la emergencia de Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. En relacion con la sugerencia realizada por Hanes y cols. (180) , segun la cual “los pacientes no mueren como consecuencia de una neumonia por S. maltophilia, sino por la falta de un tratamiento empirico adecuado frente al microorganismo”, el trabajo presentado en esta memoria trata de participar en la necesaria busqueda de nuevas opciones terapeuticas para el tratamiento de colonizaciones/infecciones causadas por Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, dadas las limitadas opciones terapeuticas, los efectos secundarios producidos por los antimicrobianos que se emplean como terapia de eleccion y el aumento de cepas resistentes a los mismos en dichas colonizaciones/infecciones. El fin de este estudio es comprobar si nuevas combinaciones betalactamico-inhibidor de betalactamasas alcanzan, como minimo, los resultados obtenidos con los actuales tratamientos de eleccion, ofreciendo menores tasas de resistencia y perfilandose, detal forma, como una opcion terapeutica a tener en cuenta a la hora de tratar infecciones causadas por este patogeno.
Combining Semantic Web technologies and Computational Theory of Perceptions for text generation in financial analysis

The development of Internet technologies makes it possible to obtain data in near real time about the financial state of companies. Moreover, tools such as XBRL have been developed to deal with the automatic generation of business reports. However the available tools are not suitable to support the current tendency towards the so called, Continuous Reporting. Here, for a specific purpose, the wealth of available information should be summarized in short reports where the relevant information is remarked while the irrelevant remains hidden. Using a combination of Zadeh's Computational Theory of Perceptions and Semantic Web techniques, we propose a first approach to a computational framework to generate short reports that consist of few but meaningful Natural Language sentences. These sentences are designed to solve the user needs in a specific context of meaning defined with the help of an ontology. A practical demonstration of the computational framework is included.
Botulinum toxin for refractory vocal tics

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Examining Interspecific density-dependent dispersal in forest small mammals

The effects of conspecific densities on dispersal have been well documented. However, while positive and negative density-dependent dispersal based on conspecific densities are often shown to be the result of intraspecific competition or facilitation respectively, the effects of heterospecific densities on dispersal are examined far less frequently. This despite the potential for the analogous processes of interspecific competition and heterospecific attraction to influence dispersal. Here we use 51 years of live-trapping data on deer mouse (Peromsycus maniculatus), eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus), red-backed vole (Myodes gapperi), and jumping mice (Napaeozapus insignis and Zapus hudsonius) to examine the effects of both conspecific and heterospecific densities on dispersal frequency. In terms of conspecific densities, jumping mice were more likely to disperse from areas of low conspecific densities, while red-backed voles and chipmunks did not respond to conspecific densities in their dispersal frequencies. When considering interspecific density effects, while there were no statistically clear effects of density on dispersal frequency, the effects of chipmunk and jumping mice densities on dispersal by red-backed vole were greater than the effects of conspecific densities, with voles more likely to disperse from areas of high chipmunk densities and low jumping mice densities. Likewise, the effect of chipmunk densities on dispersal by jumping mice was greater than the conspecific density effect. Conspecific densities clearly can affect dispersal by two of these four species, but the effects of heterospecific densities on dispersal frequency are less clear. Based on effect sizes it appears that there is potential for heterospecific effects on dispersal by some species in the community, but future experimental work could elucidate the strength and causes of these relationships.
examine cardiovascular autonomic function in normal subjects and in patients with cardiac and noncardiac disease

James R. Padley, David H. Overstreet, Paul M. Pilowsky, and Ann K. Goodchild Hypertension and Stroke Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, University of Sydney and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards New South Wales, Australia; and Skipper Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina