Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF CATALASE, HEAT‐LABILE ENOYL‐CoA HYDRATASE, AND POLYPEPTIDE PPA‐80 IN RAT LIVER *

Catalase, the marker enzyme of the cytoplasmic organelle peroxisome,' can be readily identified at the electron microscope level, by the alkaline 3,3'-diaminobenzidine cytochemical method. ' However, since methods to localize the peroxisomal oxidases cytochemically have not proved to be applicable, we chose the immunocytochemical approach. In this study, we applied the immunocytochemical protein A-gold t e c h n i q ~ e , ~ . ~ to localize catalase, heat-labile enoyl-CoA hydratase, and the peroxisome-proliferation-associated 80,000 MW polypeptide (polypeptide PPA-80) in the liver cells of normal and peroxisome proliferator, Wy-14,643 ([~-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino]-~-pyrimidinylthio]acetic acid)treated rats. ' Monospecific antibodies to highly purified rat liver catalase, heat-labile enoyl-CoA hydratase, and polypeptide PPA-80 were raised in white New Zealand male rabbits, and were characterized by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. '~7 Using these specific antibodies, the corresponding antigenic sites were visualized on thin sections of aldehyde-fixed, resinembedded liver tissue by the protein A-gold te~hnique. ~. ' Catalase was revealed by the gold label exclusively over the peroxisomal matrix [FIG. la), confirming the previous findings with the alkaline 3,3'diaminobenzidine cytochemical procedure. ',' All peroxisomes, irrespective of size and shape, were positive for catalase. The heat-labile enoyl-CoA hydratase and polypeptide PPAdO were also confined to the peroxisome matrix (FIG. Ib,c). The peroxisome nucleoids displayed no labeling for any of these proteins (FIG. 1a.b) Few gold particles were present over the other cellular organelles. Control experiments using preadsorbed antisera confirmed the specificity of the labeling. Qualitative evaluation of the intensity of labeling suggested that catalase is more concentrated in peroxisomes of normal tissue, and relatively less in the proliferated peroxisornes (FIG. za]. However, the intensity of labeling of both enoyl-CoA hydratase and polypeptide PPAdO appeared to be greater in peroxisomes of Wy-14,643 treated liver (FIG. zb,c) when compared to normal. These findings are in agreement with the biochemical analysis of hepatic enzyme changes induced by the peroxisome proliferator Wy-14,643. There is only a twofold elevation of catalase activity in the livers of treated animal^,^^' which is
OSYAQ, an organ-specific growth model for forage grasses

The effects of different stem-to-leaf proportions on the yield and quality of forage grasses is a question of importance to plant breeders. This paper describes the growth submodule of OSYAQ, an organ-specific yield and quality model. The model input includes daily average air temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and incoming global radiation. The major processes implemented in the growth submodule are photosynthesis, maintenance and growth respiration, recycling of senescent plant material and remobilization of reserves. The model calculates separately yield formation for stem, leaf and ear. Available assimilates are partitioned to the various plant parts according to the concept of relative sink strength. Calibration and validation were based on a 2-year and a 1-year field trial, respectively, carried out under long- and short-day conditions with Lolium multiflorum ssp. gaudini. These tests indicated a good performance of the model for the long-day growth but showed some deficiencies for regrowth after defoliation under conditions of extreme water shortage. The paper discusses these results and possible improvements. It concludes that the growth module of OSYAQ provides a suitable tool for the analysis of the effects of varied stem-to-leaf ratios on yield.
Efficiency measurement of data centers: An elucidative review

Abstract Most enterprises host their critical data in data centers to have a secure, robust environment supporting the highest uptime for their IT operations. As per industry best practices, standards, conference papers and journals; there are various ways suggested through which efficiency of data center is calculated. This review paper provides information on the efficiency calculation factors relatum to data center loads and its classification. It describes how measurement of data center efficiency is to be done and which are the crucial components which need to be considered for calculating the true values accurately for power usage efficiency (PUE) and data center infrastructure efficiency (DCiE). Basis on researchfindings & working towards data center efficiency measurement, the future research scope has been identified that how various techniques can be applied on data center major components - Power & Cooling which further can be helpful towards improvement of Data Center efficiency.
Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates in Octopus maya, loligo forbesi and Lolliguncula brevis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were investigated in young Octopus maya (hatching to 139 days old; 0.11–81.23 g wet body weight, BW; 22.5–23.9°C), young squids of Loligo forbesi (hatching to 45 days old; 9.4–115.3 mg BW; 12.3–13.1°C) and young squids of Lolliguncula brevis (2.00–39.98 g BW; 23.8–24.7°C). Except at hatching, oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates on an individual basis (M) of these three cephalopods increased linearly with increasing body weight (BW) expressed as M = aBWb . Values of b for oxygen consumption were 0.900, 0.910 and 0.848 and for ammonia excretion were 0.744, 0.809 and 0.751 for O. maya, L. forbesi and L. brevis, respectively. Among the three species the value a varied widely, while b was similar for both oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates. Based upon these data, metabolism for hatchlings of O. maya and L. forbesi was estimated to be relatively lower than that of older juveniles. The O/N ratios for hatchlings of O. maya and L. forbesi were r.
The range of attraction of birds as baits for some West African mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae).

The long range orientation of West African mosquitoes to birds was studied using ramp-traps set up 3–23 m from the bait. The baits comprised chickens, ducks, pigeons and the carbon dioxide equivalent of the chickens. From the pattern of convergence of mosquitoes to the baits, it was shown that Anopheles melas Theo. and Culex thalassius Theo. were orienting to all the bird-baits from distances of at least seven metres. Responses to carbon dioxide were only apparent at a distance of three metres indicating the greater range of effect of the chickens over their carbon dioxide equivalent. Mosquitoes of the largely bird-biting C. decens group showed no long range response to any bait, even though they were entering pigeon-baited traps and to a limited extent feeding on the birds. Catches of A. melas in bird-baited traps were larger at the foot of a tall tree than in the foliage at 5·33 m; for Culex spp. the converse was true. Catches of Culex at 5·33 m outside the tree were smaller than within the foliage.
Antiulcer and Antidiarrhoeic Effect of Baccharis teindalensis

Baccharis teindalensis is a herbal plant which is widely used in folk medicine in Ecuador as an antiinflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial remedy. This study deals with the isolation and investigation of the main active principles of its ethanol extract, especially polyphenolic compounds belonging to the flavonoid family. Moreover, we have evaluated the antidiarrhoeic and antiulcer activities of this extract in different mouse models. The ethanol extract of B. teindalensis showed antidiarrhoeic activity against the castor oil induced diarrhoea, at all doses tested. The dose of 100mg/kg significantly retarded the appearance of first diarrhoeic faeces (p < 0.01) and decreased the percentage of wet faeces excreted in the following four hours after administration of the cathartic agent. Both assayed doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) decreased the total weight of excreted diarrhoeic faeces (p < 0.01). On the other hand, oral pretreatment with a 100 mg/kg dose considerably diminished absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcers (p < 0.001), whereas the lowest dose of B. teindalensis did not improve the mucosal macroscopic appearance. Furthermore, the ethanol extract induced a significant increase in myeloperoxidase activity as an index of the neutrophilic infiltration (p < 0.05 vs control) and the higher dose of this extract (100 mg/kg) inhibited it in a remarkable way (p < 0.001). These results confirm the gastrointestinal protection afforded by B.teindalensis and suggest that the antiulcer effect could be partially due to its antiinflammatory properties.
Causes of tail fan necrosis in the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii

Abstract Tail fan necrosis (TFN) is a recognised constraint on the advancement of the South Australian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) liveholding industry because of a reduction in value of afflicted lobsters. Trials were run in the laboratory and at a shore‐based experimental live‐holding facility (LHF) to determine the influence of at‐sea post‐harvest handling, feeding frequency (LHF only), density (LHF only), and temperature (laboratory only) on the advent of the condition. Lobsters were caught during normal fishing operations and either immediately placed in protective fine‐mesh nylon bags and stored in the boat's well or placed unbagged in the well. At the laboratory, the tail fans of half the bagged lobsters were deliberately damaged with sterile instruments. At the LHF the TFN level increased significantly over 4 months. The bagged treatment showed significantly less late‐stage TFN than unbagged daily or weekly‐fed treatments with 60% of bagged lobsters showing no TFN at 4 months. With unbagged lobsters, 50% showed erosion in the <25% category and 30% showed erosion of >25% of the tail fan. Lobster density and feeding frequency had no effect on TFN incidence. In the laboratory, bagged and bagged‐damaged treatments had no advanced TFN after the 6‐week period suggesting that post‐harvest bagging minimises TFN and that inflicting physical damage to lobster tail fans with aseptic instruments does not lead to its development. Temperature had no effect on TFN development. The highest incidence of TFN was found in lobsters given normal post‐harvest handling, that is, communal holding in boat holds and tanks (i.e., without bags). These conditions are normally associated with physical damage inflicted by conspecifics. Such damage will presumably also involve infection of wounds by the bacterial flora of the crayfish exoskeleton, leading to development of TFN.
Microglia in the Human Nervous System during Development

Microglia are the principal resident mononuclear phagocytes of the central nervous system (CNS). They are representatives of the immune system intrinsic to this organ. These cells are morphologically, phenotypically and functionally distinct from other populations of mononuclear phagocytes associated with the CNS, such as perivascular macrophages, supraependymal macrophages, epiplexus cells of the choroid plexus and meningeal macrophages. While the origin of microglia has been the subject of controversy for many years, the prevailing view holds that they are derived from mesenchyme (mesodermal elements) or from circulating blood mononuclear progenitors (monocytes) that penetrate the nervous tissues early in development. This article will review the location, distribution, morphology and phenotype of microglia in the developing human CNS. Potential functional roles for microglia are discussed in relation to developmental events.
Synergistic Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Agricultural Production

Soil microorganisms play a major role in improving soil fertility and plant health. Symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a key component of the soil microbial populations. AMF form a mutualistic association with the host plant and exert a positive influence on its growth and nutrient uptake. The establishment of mycorrhizal symbioses with the host plant can positively be influenced by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria through various mechanisms such as increased spore germination and hyphal permeability in plant roots. Though there are evidences that combined interactions between AMF and PGPR can promote the plant growth however mechanisms of these interactions are poorly understood. Better understanding of the interactions between AMF and other microorganisms is necessary for maintaining soil fertility and enhancing crop production. This paper reviews current knowledge concerning the interactions between AMF and PGPR with plants and discusses on enhanced nutrient availability, biocontrol, abiotic stress tolerance and phytoremediation in sustainable agriculture.
Impaired Degradation of Mutant α-Synuclein by Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy

Aberrant α-synuclein degradation is implicated in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis because the protein accumulates in the Lewy inclusion bodies associated with the disease. Little is known, however, about the pathways by which wild-type α-synuclein is normally degraded. We found that wild-type α-synuclein was selectively translocated into lysosomes for degradation by the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway. The pathogenic A53T and A30P α-synuclein mutants bound to the receptor for this pathway on the lysosomal membrane, but appeared to act as uptake blockers, inhibiting both their own degradation and that of other substrates. These findings may underlie the toxic gain-of-function by the mutants.
Induction of tetraploid ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) plants by colchicine treatment of in vitro multiple‐shoot clumps and seedlings

Tetraploid plants of ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) have been obtained by colchicine treatment of in vitro multiple-shoot clumps and germinated seedlings. Multiple-shoot clumps were induced and maintained on MS basal medium with 0.5 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) according to a previous report. The colchicine treatment consisted of culturing multiple-shoot clumps on MS basal medium containing 0.0125–0.1% colchicine for 12 and 48 h. Surviving multiple-shoot clumps were regenerated on MS basal medium containing 2.0 mg L−1 BAP. The ploidy level of plants after colchicine treatment was determined by flow cytometry. Eight tetraploid plants were obtained from multiple-shoot clumps treated with 0.1% colchicine for 12 h. This treatment was identified as the optimum treatment and resulted in the highest frequency (28.6%) of tetraploid plants among the treatments tested on multiple-shoot clumps. Five tetraploid plants (31.3%) were obtained when seedlings were treated with 0.1% colchicine for 3 h. Although higher concentrations of colchicine and longer durations of colchicine treatment reduced the survival rate of the explants, such treatments increased the frequency of tetraploid plants. A total of 23 tetraploid plants were obtained from 900 different colchicine-treated multiple-shoot clumps, and a total of five tetraploid plants were obtained from 300 colchicine-treated seedlings. Cytological analysis affirmed the results of flow cytometry. Significant differences in leaf blade stomata were observed between diploid and tetraploid ruzigrass.
Thymidine, leucine and acetate incorporation into soil bacterial assemblages at different temperatures

Thymidine, leucine and acetate incorporation into soil bacterial communities extracted from two different soils using homogenisation-centrifugation were measured at different temperatures (0–28°C). Similar effects of temperature were found for both soils used. Optimum temperatures for incorporation of acetate into lipids were found between 20 and 24°C, while the incorporation of thymidine and leucine into cold acid insoluble material increased with temperature. A good fit to the square root model (Ratkowsky model) was found for all three methods, when only data below optimum was considered for the acetate incorporation. The apparent Tmin calculated from this model was −8.4 ± 0.77°C for thymidine incorporation. Tmin for acetate incorporation was slightly higher. Leucine incorporation had significantly higher Tmin (−6.0 ± 0.62°C), and the Q10 between 0 and 10°C was also higher than for the two other measurements. This resulted in a leucine/thymidine incorporation ratio which increased from 0°C up to about 15°C, but remained constant at temperatures above 15°C. The amount of leucine incorporated into hot acid insoluble material (protein) as a percentage of that incorporated into cold acid insoluble material (total macromolecules) was also constant above 15°C (about 40%), but decreased at lower temperatures to less than 25%. No effects were found of temperature on non-specific incorporation of thymidine into macromolecules other than DNA, or acetate incorporation into different lipid fractions (neutral, glyco- and polar lipids). The fact that the temperature relationships for soil bacterial communities appeared to follow the square root model will facilitate comparisons of such relationships between different soils, as well as recalculation of data to actual field temperatures.
Effect of prey concentration on growth of piscivorous Japanese Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius larvae in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Summary Japanese Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus niphonius, larvae feed almost exclusively on fish larvae from the first-feeding stage. The relationship between the growth of S. niphonius larvae and concentration of major prey organisms of the larvae, clupeid larvae, was investigated in the Sea of Hiuchi, the central Seto Inland Sea, Japan, from 28 to 29 May 1997. Water temperature, salinity, and the concentration of clupeid larvae had no significant effect on the S. niphonius larval concentration. Mean growth rate of S. niphonius larvae varied between 0.38 and 0.64 mm day−1. The temperature and salinity had no significant effect on the mean larval growth rate while there existed prey concentration-dependent growth at lower prey concentration. The relationship between the mean larval growth rate (Gm) and concentration of clupeid larvae (CC) was expressed by a logarithmic equation: Gm = 0.037 log CC + 0.441 (n = 16, r2 = 0.519, P < 0.01).
Static and dynamic aspects of nitrogen cycling in the salt marsh graminoid Spartina alterniflora

Processes of nitrogen cycling including root uptake, translocation, leaching, detrital incorporation, and overwinter storage were determined for a medium-height form of Spartina alter- niflora in Georgia, USA. Mean concentration of total N in live above- and belowground plant tissues was 0.60% of dry mass. Aboveground concentrations (1.05%) were more than twice the belowground N concentrations. The seasonal patterns of nitrogen concentrations were similar for aerial and subaerial Spartina tissues with maxima observed between December and May. Concentrations were highest in short, young stems and decreased as plants matured, senesced, and died. Seasonal patterns of nitrogen accumulation were out of phase for aerial and subaerial tissues. Maximum accumulation was in midsummer for aboveground plant parts and in late winter for belowground tissue. During winter >83% of total plant N was in roots and rhizomes. During spring, there was a large net transfer of N from belowground storage to aerial tissues; 770% of total nitrogen was in aboveground plant parts by May. A nitrogen budget for Spartina alterniflora was constructed by combining organic productivity rates with nitrogen concentrations in plant tissues. Total uptake of N by roots was 34.8 g m-2 yr-'. Of this, 43% was lost by death or leaching from aboveground plant parts, while the rest was lost by death of roots and rhizomes. Total transfer of N from below- to aboveground tissues was 33.0 g m-2 yr- ', 46% of which was new nitrogen taken up from the soil. Of the N transferred aboveground, 14.4 g was lost to detritus upon culm death, 0.7 g was leached from the living culm, and 17.9 g was translocated from senescing leaves to rhizomes for storage or immediate transfer to actively growing shoots. A large percentage of the total flux into and out of leaves occurred during the period of active growth. The high degree of N conservation in Spartina, low leachability, and retraction from senescent tissue are consistent with the idea that primary productivity in salt marshes is nitrogen limited.
UNSUPERVISED SEGMENTATION OF COLLAGEN FIBER DISTRIBUTION IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF OSF

The objective of this paper is to describe the comparative efficacy of three signal processing-based feature extraction methodologies for classifying normal oral mucosa, early and advanced stages of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) by unsupervised segmentation of sub-epithelial collagen fibers. Wavelet and discrete cosine transform (DCT) based energy features are extracted from Transmission Electron Micrographs (TEM) of collagen fibers of different stages of OSF in non overlapping blocks which in turn are classified by fuzzy c-means clustering. The overall efficacy of DCT-based features have been found better in comparison to its wavelet-based counterpart.
Cultivo del coral cuerno de alce Acropora palmata en un sistema recirculado utilizando agua de mar sintética

This study assessed the survival of Acropora palmata fragments under controlled experimental conditions over a period of four months in a recirculating artificial seawater system. The coral fragments (5-9 cm long) were fixed in aragocrete and placed in an aquarium under a photoperiod of 12 h light: 12 h dark, using 150 W lamps (10000 K). The survival rate was 58%. Fragment mortality occurred mostly during the first month, which was associated to the process of bleaching stress as a result of fragmentation. These results showed that the conditioning in captivity of A. palmata using artificial seawater has potential as a viable tool to help the conservation of this species.
Aprendizagem profunda para reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas em domínio jurídico

Reconhecimento de Entidades Nomeadas (REN) e uma tarefa desafiadora em Processamento de Linguagem Natural, para uma lingua tao rica quanto o Portugues. Quando aplicada em um dominio especifico, a tarefa adquire uma nova camada de complexidade, por tratar de um lexico muito particular ao dominio trabalhado. O dominio estudado neste trabalho e o do Direito, voltado especificamente para a Justica do Trabalho do Brasil. Arquiteturas baseadas em Aprendizado Profundo, com representacoes de palavras baseadas em vetores estaticos de palavras e modelos de linguagem, tem demonstrado um desempenho em nivel de estado da arte para a tarefa de REN. Neste trabalho e utilizado um modelo baseado em Redes Neurais Profundas, avaliando diferentes formas de representacao de palavras. Sao avaliados modelos tanto para o dominio do Direito quanto para a lingua portuguesa em um contexto geral. Para tanto, foram treinados modelos de linguagem baseados na arquitetura ELMo para os dois dominios, assim como vetores estaticos de palavras especificos para o dominio do Direito. Neste trabalho tambem verificou-se os melhores tipos de vetores para cada dominio, a partir de uma serie de analises comparativas entre os vetores aplicados na tarefa de REN. Para os treinos dos modelos de REN, ELMo e vetores estaticos do dominio juridico foram produzidos e anotados em corpora especificos deste dominio, a partir da coleta de documentos publicos da Justica do Trabalho do Brasil. Para o modelo de REN do dominio geral da lingua portuguesa, atingiu-se um novo estado da arte no benchmark do HAREM, com 83.22% de F-Score para o cenario seletivo, e 78.04% para o cenario total. Para o dominio trabalhista brasileiro, foi obtido um modelo com 93.81% de F-Score.