Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Parameter Spaces for Topology Optimization With Three-Dimensional Orientation Fields for Multi-Axis Additive Manufacturing

The layer-by-layer deposition process used in material extrusion (ME) additive manufacturing results in inter- and intra-layer bonds that reduce the mechanical performance of printed parts. Multi-axis (MA) ME techniques have shown potential for mitigating this issue by enabling tailored deposition directions based on loading conditions in three dimensions (3D). Planning deposition paths leveraging this capability remains a challenge, as an intelligent method for assigning these directions does not exist. Existing literature has introduced topology optimization (TO) methods that assign material orientations to discrete regions of a part by simultaneously optimizing material distribution and orientation. These methods are insufficient for MA–ME, as the process offers additional freedom in varying material orientation that is not accounted for in the orientation parameterizations used in those methods. Additionally, optimizing orientation design spaces is challenging due to their non-convexity, and this issue is amplified with increased flexibility; the chosen orientation parameterization heavily impacts the algorithm’s performance. Therefore, the authors (i) present a TO method to simultaneously optimize material distribution and orientation with considerations for 3D material orientation variation and (ii) establish a suitable parameterization of the orientation design space. Three parameterizations are explored in this work: Euler angles, explicit quaternions, and natural quaternions. The parameterizations are compared using two benchmark minimum compliance problems, a 2.5D Messerschmitt–Bölkow–Blohm beam and a 3D Wheel, and a multi-loaded structure undergoing (i) pure tension and (ii) three-point bending. For the Wheel, the presented algorithm demonstrated a 38% improvement in compliance over an algorithm that only allowed planar orientation variation. Additionally, natural quaternions maintain the well-shaped design space of explicit quaternions without the need for unit length constraints, which lowers computational costs. Finally, the authors present a path toward integrating optimized geometries and material orientation fields resulting from the presented algorithm with MA–ME processes.
A New Experimental and Numerical Framework for Determining of Revised J-C Failure Parameters

Since damage evolutions of materials play important roles in simulations, such as ballistic impacts and collisions, a new experimental and numerical method is established to determine the revised Johnson–Cook (JC) failure parameters of a 2618 aluminum alloy and a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Not only the strain distributions, but also the stress triaxialities of designed specimens with different notches, are analyzed and revised using the finite element (FE) model. Results show that the largest strain concentrated on the surface of the circumferential area where the initial damage happened, which coincided with the practical damage evolution in the FE model. The complete damage strain, which denoted the largest strain before fracture calculated by the picture, is put forward to replace the traditional failure strain. Consequently, the digital image correlation (DIC) method and the micro speckle are carried out to measure the complete strain from the circumferential area. In addition, the relationships between the complete damage strain, the revised stress triaxiality, the strain rate and the temperature are established by conducting the quasi-static and dynamic experiments under different temperatures. Finally, the simulations for the ballistic impact tests are conducted to validate the accuracy of the parameters of the revised JC damage model.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO FINANCIALLY SUCCESSFUL SOUTHERN RICE FARMS

The purpose of this study is to determine factors contributing to the likelihood of financial success among rice farms. The results showed that the ratio of government payments to total production value, tenure, crop diversification, cost control, education, yield, and debt-to-asset ratio were significant factors influencing at least one financial success measure. Key words: competitiveness, rice farms, farm success, farm profitability.
B-CELL POLYCLONAL LYMPHOCYTOSIS IN A WOMAN WITH BONE MARROW INVOLVEMENT BY BREAST CANCER CELLS

Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a rare entity of unknown origin usually observed in smoking women, characterized by binucleated lymphocytes and a favorable clinical course. Since the first recognition by Gordon et al1 in 1982, several other authors have mentioned cases reporting new data, such as anomalies in chromosome 3 and polyclonal increase in serum IgM levels 2-9. The PPBL entity is not said as distinctive hematological malignancy in the current WHO 2016 classification 10. Here, we report a case of PPBL with atypical lymphoid characteristics of a no smoking female patient presenting mononucleated PPBL without an increase in serum IgM levels and chromosome aberrations.
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Caecal Fluke of Poultry, Postharmostomum commutatum, as the First Representative from the Superfamily Brachylaimoidea

Postharmostomum commutatum (Platyhelminthes: Brachylaimoidea), a parasite of the caeca of poultry, has been frequently reported from many countries and regions, including China. However, the molecular epidemiology, population genetics and phylogenetics of this parasite are poorly understood. In the present study, we determined and characterized the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of P. commutatum, as the first representative from the superfamily Brachylaimoidea. The mt genome of P. commutatum is a circular DNA molecule of 13,799 bp in size and encodes the complete set of 36 genes (12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes) as well as a typical control region. The mt genome of P. commutatum presents a clear bias in nucleotide composition with a negative AT-skew on average (−0.306) and a positive GC-skew on average (0.466). Phylogenetic analyses showed that P. commutatum (superfamily Brachylaimoidea) and other ten members of the order Diplostomida were recovered as sister groups of the order Plagiorchiida, indicating that the order Diplostomida is paraphyletic. This is the first mt genome of any member of the superfamily Brachylaimoidea and should represent a rich source of genetic markers for molecular epidemiological, population genetic and phylogenetic studies of parasitic flukes of socio-economic importance in poultry.
Production and Analysis of Transgenic Pigs Containing a Metallothionein Porcine Growth Hormone Gene Construct

While initial studies with growth hormone (GH) fusion genes demonstrated that transgenesis could be used to enhance growth performance in the pig, they also highlighted the need to be able to control expression in order to avoid pathological problems associated with high-level expression. We have produced transgenic pigs containing a GH construct consisting of a modified human metallothionein IIA (MT) promoter fused to the cDNA sequence for the porcine growth hormone gene. A total of 289 pigs were born live of which 88 (2.8% of embryos injected) were transgenic. Founders were reared on diets containing 100 ppm of zinc. Induction of transgene expression was assessed by feeding 1000 ppm of zinc in the diet (high zinc) for 3 weeks and measuring plasma IGF-I as a marker of GH production, before, during and after the high zinc diet. Evidence to suggest that transgene expression could be induced was obtained in 12/36 founders tested. Founders were mated to nontransgenic animals to produce transgenic progeny. Twenty-two per cent (4/18) of male founders did not transmit the transgene and 39% (7/18) transmitted the transgene at frequencies of less than 30%. The effect of transgene expression on growth performance was evaluated by feeding transgenic and non-transgenic progeny the high zinc diet from 20–100 kg liveweight. Rate of gain, feed intake and estimates of carcass fat and muscle were compared between the two groups of progeny of 60–100 kg liveweight. Analysis of transgenic progeny growth performance was confounded by considerable individual variation between transgenic progeny and
Diffusion-limited encounter rate in a three-dimensional lattice of connected compartments studied by Brownian-dynamics simulations

We considered the rate at which a diffusing particle encounters a target in a three-dimensional lattice of compartments with semi-permeable walls. This work expands a previous theory [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 028303 (2014)] for the encounter rate in the dilute limit of targets to the general case of any density of targets. We also used Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations to evaluate the approximations in the analytical theory. We find that the largest errors in the analytical theory are on the order of 10%. This work therefore demonstrates an analytical theory capable of describing the encounter rates in compartmentalized environments for any level of confinement and any target density. PACS numbers: 82.20. Uv 83.10. Mj 87.15. H-
Physical limits and information bounds of micro control. II. Quantum soft computing and quantum searching algorithms

Principles of quantum soft computing, models of fast quantum searching algorithms and the possibility of its applications for intelligent control of micro-systems are introduced. The description problem of searching and decision-making support processes from more fundamental mutual positions of the new information technologies and a modern physics, information physics, are discussed: (1) in the quantum information theory-the information complexity theory of random symbolic sequences, computation complexity, quantum searching algorithms; and (2) in the modern physics-nonequilibrium thermodynamics and quantum mechanics.
HORIZONTAL BRANCH MORPHOLOGY OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS: A MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

The proper interpretation of horizontal branch (HB) morphology is crucial to the understanding of the formation history of stellar populations. In the present study a multivariate analysis is used (principal component analysis) for the selection of appropriate HB morphology parameter, which, in our case, is the logarithm of effective temperature extent of the HB (log Teff HB). Then this parameter is expressed in terms of the most significant observed independent parameters of Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) separately for coherent groups, obtained in a previous work, through a stepwise multiple regression technique. It is found that, metallicity ([Fe/H]), central surface brightness (μv), and core radius (rc) are the significant parameters to explain most of the variations in HB morphology (multiple R2∼ 0.86) for GGC elonging to the bulge/disk while metallicity ([Fe/H]) and absolute magnitude (Mv) are responsible for GGC belonging to the inner halo (multiple R2∼ 0.52). The robustness is tested by taking 1000 bootstrap samples. A cluster analysis is performed for the red giant branch (RGB) stars of the GGC belonging to Galactic inner halo (Cluster 2). A multi-episodic star formation is preferred for RGB stars of GGC belonging to this group. It supports the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) model in three episodes instead of two as suggested by Carretta et al. for halo GGC while AGB model is suggested to be revisited for bulge/disk GGC.
Semianalytical solutions for release of fluids from rock matrix blocks with different shapes, sizes, and depletion regimes

Dual‐porosity (DP) models have been extensively used to simulate the flow of fluids (water or gas) in aggregate soils and fractured porous media. The fluid exchange between the rock matrix blocks and the fracture network is very important in DP models. In this study, we present semianalytical solutions for release of a single‐phase liquid or gas from cylindrical and spherical matrix blocks with various block size distributions and different pressure depletion regimes in the fracture. The nonlinear pressure diffusivity equations for flow of gas and air are solved analytically using an approximate integral method. It is shown that this solution can be simplified to model flow of slightly compressible fluids like water in DP media. The effect of variable block size distribution on the release rate for different block geometries is studied. Practically it is not feasible to model a large‐scale fractured reservoir based on a fine grid approach due to the requirement of large computational time. The presented semianalytical model can be incorporated into numerical models for accurate modeling of the amount of transferred fluid between matrix and fractures using a DP approach. It is shown that the results calculated by the developed model match well with those from fine grid numerical simulations. Furthermore, the developed model can recover the available solutions in the literature for slightly compressible fluids such as water or oil. It can be used to calculate two‐ or three‐dimensional flows in matrix blocks bounded by two or three sets of fractures, respectively.
The Role of Dynamic Contrast Enhancement MR Imaging as A Modality to Differentiate between Benign and Malignant bone lesion

The study was aimed to determine Time Intensity Curve (TIC) type and % slope value on Dynamic Contrast Enhancement Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) examination technique to differentiate between benign and malignant bone lesion. The study was done on December 2018 to July 2019 with retrospective cross sectional analytic study. The samples were bone lesion patients which was examined with Dynamic Contrast Enhancement on 3T MRI. The sample size were 15 subjects, consisted of 8 (53.3%) males and 7 (46.7%) females. The age range of subjects was 13 to 75 years old (38,20 ± 20.49 y.o). Patients with malignant bone lesion were 9 (60%) people and benign bone lesion were 6 (40%) people. DCE-MRI could assess tissue vascularization and perfusion based on TIC. In this study, benign bone lesion showed TIC type 2 and 3, while malignant bone lesion mostly showed TIC type 4, with mean %slope value of malignant bone lesion was 83,66 ± 75,34 % and for benign bone lesion was 9,82 ± 5,94 % with cut-off value for malignancy of >26,70%/m. The mean %slope value differential for malignant and benign bone lesion was statistically significant (p<0.05). TIC examination had sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 100% in differentiating malignant and benign bone lesion. The difference in pattern type and mean %slope value of Time Intensity Curve (TIC) between benign and malignant bone lesion showed that DCE-MRI has important role in differentiating between benign and malignant bone lesion
Preparation and characterization of poly (styrene/maleic anhydride)/ kaolin nanocomposites

The direct exfoliation of in situ intercalative copolymerized styrene/maleic anhydride charge-transfercomplex (PSMA) into the inter lamellar spaces of modified kaolin (Kao-DMSO), which was intercalated and surface modified by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), was reported. The nano structure of the composites was investigated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The interaction between kaolin surface and PSMA chain was conformed by FTIR analysis. The XRD results showed that the intercalated polystyrene-maleic anhydride units were arranged in the flattened monolayer arrangements, and the 001 diffraction peak of the original kaolin disappeared. The TEM image showed that the kaolin was exfoliated into nanometer size and dispersed in the polymer matrix. Additionally the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the resulting thermogram indicated that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was significantly increased.
Perceptions and Preconceptions about Chicken and Pork Meat: A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Argentine Consumers in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires

In the past, the Argentine livestock production system was based on the extensive breeding that used pastures. However, technological progress and the use of land for soybean production are leading to a strong intensification of beef production, with a negative impact on the environment. According to FAO data, Argentina has the third highest meat consumption in the world, half of which is beef. A change in diet is a long and difficult process. The first step in favor of the environment could be the replacement of beef with other types of meat that have a lower impact on the environment, such as chicken and pork. The purpose of this study is to understand the causes limiting the preference for these alternatives and to identify useful tools to encourage their consumption. The results show that the interviewed Argentine consumers in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires have preconceptions about these two types of meat, such as the fact that hormones are still used in the chicken production system, that pork has higher cholesterol content than other meats, and that it carries diseases. These products are instead appreciated for their practicality of use, especially when purchased in portions, and they are not only tasty but also cheap.
The opportunities different cultural contexts create for sustainable design

Over the last few decades the consumption patterns of the world’s wealthiest countries has led to the degradation of the environment and exploitation of the world’s finite resources. The developed world currently consumes at a level that requires up to five planets’ resources. The world average consumption, however, is a much lower 1.5 planets’. This reduction can be attributed to the lower consumption rates and more sustainable behaviours of developing countries. Increasing economic growth coupled with rapidly expanding populations in developing countries, however, has led to the emergence of a large “consumer class”. This radical increase in consumption has altered household consumption behaviour and resource use, often adversely affecting their environmental footprint. Sustainable resource use requires not only technological changes but also changes on a systems level relating to human needs, habits, behaviours, attitudes and lifestyles. There is, therefore, a pressing need to understand the effect culture has on product interactions, particularly when designing new products and systems for emerging markets. This paper presents the methodology and findings of two user studies which set out to explore the effect of culture on household resource use. In the first study 157 participants from the UK, India and Brazil responded to an extensive online questionnaire designed to gauge their perceptions and behaviours in relation to household consumption and its varying resource impacts. Following the extensive study, more in depth, qualitative user research was undertaken in three regions. In-context interviews, observations and household tours were carried out in 18 households across three sites; The East Midlands, UK; Curitiba, Brazil; and Bangalore, India. The focus of the in depth data collection was on the laundry procedure as this was identified as a particularly energy intensive behaviour that differed greatly between contexts. The findings revealed insights into the consumption habits of consumers, their perceptions of the laundry procedure and its energy implications, and familial and cultural influences which affected occupant’s behaviours and attitudes. The paper concludes by discussing potential directions for designing interventions for sustainable behaviour in different cultural contexts in order to reduce consumption whilst achieving the aspirational lifestyles of the emergent consumer classes in developing countries.
Runoff and Soil Erosion in Selectively-logged Over Forest, Danum Valley Sabah, Malaysia

This study on soil loss and runoff using bounded runoff plot was carried out in selectively-logged over forest in Danum Valley Lahad Datu Sabah. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of forest cover disturbance and recovery on runoff and sediment production within the forest patches, and to better understand the key controlling factors. Runoff plots were set up in forest areas which experienced different levels of logging disturbances and recovery that has been logged 28 years prior to this study, i.e. logged hillslope, skid trail, and patches of undisturbed/control hillslope area. The magnitude of runoff and soil loss from skid track plot was found to be the highest (2.72 t ha-1 yr-1), followed by logged slope (2.56 t ha-1 yr-1) and control plot (0.13 t ha-1 yr-1). Physical properties of soil (ie: soil compaction) appeared to be important factor that determine the magnitude of soil loss
Spatial Services in Cloud Environment C

Cloud Computing is an approach that provides computation and storage services on-demand to clients over the network, independent of device and location. In the last few years, cloud computing became a trend in information technology with many companies that transfer their business processes and applications in the cloud. Cloud computing with service oriented architecture has contributed to rapid development of Geographic Information Systems. Open Geospatial Consortium with its standards provides the interfaces for hosted spatial data and GIS functionality to integrated GIS applications. Furthermore, with the enormous processing power, clouds provide efficient environment for data intensive applications that can be performed efficiently, with higher precision, and greater reliability. This paper presents our work on the geospatial data services within the cloud computing environment and its technology. A cloud computing environment with the strengths and weaknesses of the geographic information system will be introduced. The OGC standards that solve our application interoperability are highlighted. Finally, we outline our system architecture with utilities for requesting and invoking our developed data intensive applications as a web service. Keywords—Cloud Computing, Geographic Information System, Open Geospatial Consortium, Interoperability, Spatial data, WebServices.
The Response of Futures Prices to New Market Information: The Case of Live Hogs

Writing about empirical tests of stock market efficiency, Fama et al. [2, p. 1] noted that “… the usual procedure has been to infer market efficiency from the observed independence of successive price changes. There has been very little actual testing of the speed of adjustment of prices to specific kinds of new information. ”
Adaptive Control Strategy for Low Voltage Ride Through Capability Enhancement of A Grid-Connected Switched Reluctance Wind Generator

This paper presents the application of an adaptive control strategy to enhance the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of a grid-connected switched reluctance wind generator. In this study, the switched reluctance generator (SRG) is driven by a variable-speed wind turbine and connected to the grid through an asymmetric half bridge inverter, DC-link, and DC-AC inverter system. The adaptive proportional-integral (PI) controllers are used to control the power electronic circuits. The Widrow-Hoff adaptation algorithm is used in this study. The Widrow-Hoff delta rule can be used to adapt the PI controllers' parameters. The detailed modelling and control strategies of the overall system are presented. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified under a severe symmetrical grid fault condition. The validity of the proposed system is verified by the simulation results, which are carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC.