Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Air Quality for Embedded Hospital Germicidal Lamps

The indoor air of a hospital is always full of bacteria and viruses due to patients with different diseases. These bacteria and viruses could be highly infectious to the people in the hospital irrespective of their health conditions, and could be hazardous to the patients, their care takers, and hospital staff. Thus, keeping a good hospital air quality is very essential to the operation of the hospital. This study aims at enhancing ventilation of the interior lighting of hospitals with germicidal capabilities. Air disinfection is accomplished by adding the specially designed disinfecting filters and fans to existing embedded lamps in the hospitals. The embedded lamp has a square shape of 601 mm in width and 112 mm in thickness. In the design stage, the air flow inside the embedded lamp with the added filters and fans was investigated by numerical simulation using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool. Three designs, referred to as Types 1, 2, and 3, were evaluated using steady-state CFD flow simulations. The ventilation rate of the Type 1 design was about 251.9 CMH, and 348.3 CMH for the Type 2 design by increasing the fan outlet area. However, even though the ventilation was increased by 34%, the flow field of the Type 2 design was not uniform, resulting in flows being circulated around the side locations. Thus, the Type 3 design further treats this aspect by streamlining the outlet geometry and adding flow guiding vanes to reduce flow resistance and flow unsteadiness; the corresponding air ventilation rate reached 376.3 CMH. Hence, the Type 3 design was fabricated and tested. The test results confirm that the design not only has a higher ventilation rate but also operates under a smaller pressure drop, thus accomplishing the goal of providing good air quality in the hospital environment efficiently. Moreover, the associated flow noise is reduced by about 8 dBA. Hence, both an increase in the air ventilation rate and a reduction of noise are achieved simultaneously by the present method.
A new target scattering vector

This study proposes a new scattering vector parameterisation method for interpreting the coherent target scattering. This new scattering model, which has the same form as the α / β model, consists of ﬁve po- larimetric parameters including the normalisation factor. Validation is performed on ALOS-2/PALSAR data. In comparison with the current vector models, the new coherent scattering vector is superior in distin-guishing targets with different physical scattering behaviours.
A hierarchical porous carbon-nanotube skeleton for sensing films with ultrahigh sensitivity, stretchability, and mechanical compliance

Wearable thin-film strain sensors attract increasing attention due to their minimal invasiveness onto the human skin and potential use in health monitoring; however, the simultaneous achievement of high sensitivity and stretchability with such sensors is challenging, and mechanical compliance is rarely considered. Using a thin and hierarchical porous carbon-nanotube (CNT) skeleton (30 μm thickness) prepared by rapid and scalable microwave-assisted fabrication within 30 s, we developed strain sensors with highly enhanced performance. The as-prepared thin CNT skeleton consisting of macroporous, microporous, and hollow fiber architectures that are composed of numerous intertwined CNTs provides a sophisticated conductive network and intrinsic mechanical ductility to synergistically impart a strain sensor with high deformation (stretchability > 120%), high sensitivity in a wide strain range (gauge factor varying from ∼42 at 5% strain to ∼8470 at 120% strain), fast response ( 5000 cycles under 40% strain) and outstanding mechanical compliance (a great resistance change (ΔR/R0 > 500) at 12% strain under 0.05 N of minute tensile force). Consequently, the strain sensor with high spatial resolution can not only accurately detect a full-range of human motions, but also rapidly respond to a minimal force in the order of butterfly settling.
Life cycle assessment of seabass and meagre in marine cage farming: From feeding plant to harvesting

Aquaculture is related to environmental impacts locally and globally. The purpose of this study was to identify environmental hotspots in fish feeds of various granulations in seabass and meagre farming, by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), given that recent studies suggested fish feed as the predominant factor affecting environmental impacts in marine fish farming. This, in turn enabled a detailed comparison of the environmental performance throughout the rearing cycle, in both species. LCA was applied on the production process of fish feeds taking into account the amount of raw materials, heat and energy needed for the production of feed. Similarly, LCA was applied in cage farms in Greece, involving the amount of feeds per size class, energy and fuel needed for the production of one tonne of seabass and meagre, respectively. The smaller size feed (SSF) class distributed to the fry, performed better compared to medium (MSF) and large size feed (LSF) classes provided to juveniles/adults, in relation to various environmental impact indicators. In medium and large size feeds, the main negative contributor was the use of sunflower meal, while small size feed affected these indicators through higher electricity demands and the inclusion of higher fishmeal level. The comparison between seabass and meagre revealed that meagre had significantly lower impact in all eighteen environmental impact indicators. This should be attributed to the reduced feed conversion ratio and the lower fry requirements compared to seabass. Improvements in cultivation methods of raw materials, optimized reductions in the inclusion of marine origin raw materials and improved feeding management could contribute to the overall ecological sustainability of the sector.
Hybrid AF/DF Cooperative Relaying Technique with Phase Steering for Industrial IoT Networks

For the next generation of manufacturing, the industrial internet of things (IoT) has been considered as a key technology that enables smart factories, in which sensors transfer measured data, actuators are controlled, and systems are connected wirelessly. In particular, the wireless sensor network (WSN) needs to operate with low cost, low power (energy), and narrow spectrum, which are the most technical challenges for industrial IoT networks. In general, a relay-assisted communication network has been known to overcome scarce energy problems, and a spectrum-sharing technique has been considered as a promising technique for the radio spectrum shortage problem. In this paper, we propose a phase steering based hybrid cooperative relaying (PSHCR) technique for the generic relay-assisted spectrum-shared WSN, which consists of a secondary transmitter, multiple secondary relays (SRs), a secondary access point, and multiple primary access points. Basically, SRs in the proposed PSHCR technique operate with decode-and-forward (DF) relaying protocol, but it does not abandon the SRs that failed in decoding at the first hop. Instead, the SRs operate with amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol when they failed in decoding at the first hop. Furthermore, the SRs (regardless of operating with AF or DF protocol) that satisfy interference constraints to the primary network are allowed to transmit a signal to the secondary access point at the second hop. Note that phase distortion is compensated through phase steering operation at each relay node before second-hop transmission, and thus all relay nodes can operate in a fully distributed manner. Finally, we validate that the proposed PSHCR technique significantly outperforms the existing best single relay selection (BSR) technique and cooperative phase steering (CPS) technique in terms of outage performance via extensive computer simulations.
Concept Of Information Security Of The Russian Federation: Ways Of Implementation

The article reflects the basis of the Concept of Information Security of the Russian Federation and its main aspects. Based on the analysis of the current state of information security goals, objectives and issues of information security are defined. Besides, objects, threats of information security and their possible consequences, methods and means of prevention, separation and neutralization of threats, as well as features of ensuring information security in different spheres of activity of the state are considered. The main provisions of State information security policy in the Russian Federation are set out. The Concept serves as a methodological basis for developing a set of legal, organizational and methodological documents regulating the activities of representative, executive and judicial authorities of the Russian Federation, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local authorities, enterprises, institutions and organizations regardless of their legal form or form of ownership. For the Russian Federation, as for any country of the world community, it is very important to control, develop, improve, update, stabilize and protect the system of information security after all, the future of the whole country depends on it.
Cooperation between universities and SMEs: A systematic literature review

This study aims to present the relationship between universities and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a systematic literature review. SMEs play an important role in economic development. Similarly, universities are important actors in the innovation system. To fulfil the study objective, data were collected from the Scopus database. The bibliometric results found, using bibliometrix software, reveal that this topic first appeared in the literature in 1995 and entered a growth stage in 2014. Systematically, studies have focused mostly on European countries and the emphasis in cooperation is on knowledge transfer. In addition, the results show that SMEs form cooperative relationships with universities in search of competitive results. However, the main difficulty with regard to the establishment of such relationships is a lack of knowledge in SMEs about university programmes that can support them and about how to access such programmes. Therefore, it is suggested that universities should establish more effective communication channels in order to reach this type of firm.
Variable-Resolution SAR Imaging Mode With the Principle of Maximum Mutual Information

A generalized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) modality of operation named variable-resolution (VR) SAR is proposed, which explores the diversity of antenna patterns and inhomogeneity of pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) for adaptive imaging. Based on the relationship between the azimuth resolution and the corresponding integration angle, it uses dynamic beam patterns along the trajectory to illuminate different regions. We formulate the optimization problem of VR SAR based on the principle of maximum mutual information. First, the information content of a specific scene is defined by modeling its distributed scattering as a stochastic process, and the mutual information between scenes and the observed SAR image can be derived. Then, we construct an optimization problem to maximize the mutual information by solving for the optimal beam manipulation scheme of the VR SAR mode. Further optimization of PRF is conducted to obtain a relatively larger swath width and smaller data volume by compromising the resolution of some regions with less information while ensuring there are no azimuth ambiguities. The potential advantages of VR mode are: 1) it simultaneously provides higher resolution for the high-information regions and a larger imaging area than would otherwise be possible in strip map and spotlight SAR modes and 2) it optimizes the efficiency of data acquisition while extracts as much information from scenes as possible. A mathematical model of VR SAR mode with the principle of maximum mutual information is established, and the feasibility and merits of the method are demonstrated through a series of simulations and an equivalent experiment using RADARSAT-1 raw data.
Microbial Enzymes Used in Bioremediation

Emerging pollutants in nature are linked to various acute and chronic detriments in biotic components and subsequently deteriorate the ecosystem with serious hazards. Conventional methods for removing pollutants are not efficient; instead, they end up with the formation of secondary pollutants. Significant destructive impacts of pollutants are perinatal disorders, mortality, respiratory disorders, allergy, cancer, cardiovascular and mental disorders, and other harmful effects. The pollutant substrate can recognize different microbial enzymes at optimum conditions (temperature/pH/contact time/concentration) to efficiently transform them into other rather unharmful products. The most representative enzymes involved in bioremediation include cytochrome P450s, laccases, hydrolases, dehalogenases, dehydrogenases, proteases, and lipases, which have shown promising potential degradation of polymers, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated compounds, dyes, detergents, agrochemical compounds, etc. Such bioremediation is favored by various mechanisms such as oxidation, reduction, elimination, and ring-opening. The significant degradation of pollutants can be upgraded utilizing genetically engineered microorganisms that produce many recombinant enzymes through eco-friendly new technology. So far, few microbial enzymes have been exploited, and vast microbial diversity is still unexplored. This review would also be useful for further research to enhance the efficiency of degradation of xenobiotic pollutants, including agrochemical, microplastic, polyhalogenated compounds, and other hydrocarbons.
Applications of Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Winter Precipitation-Type Forecasts

Temperature and humidity profiles in the lowest 3 km of the atmosphere provide crucial information in determining the precipitation type, which aids forecasters in relaying winter-weather risks. In response to the challenges associated with forecasting mixed-phase environments, this study employs uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) to explore the efficacy of high-resolution temporal and vertical measurements in winter-weather environments. On 19 February 2019, boundary layer measurements of an Oklahoma winter storm were collected by a UAV and radiosondes. UAV observations show a pronounced surface-based subfreezing layer that corresponds to observed ice pellets at the surface. This is in contrast to the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model analyses, which show a subfreezing layer near the surface that is 3°C warmer than both the UAV and radiosonde observations. Using a spectral-bin-microphysics algorithm designed to provide hydrometeor-phase diagnosis throughout the vertical column, it was found that UAV measurements can improve discrimination between hydrometer types in environments near 0°C. A numerical-modeling study of the same winter-weather event illustrates the potential benefit of vertically sampling a mixed-phase environment at multiple mesonet sites and highlights future scientific and operational questions to be addressed by the UAV community.
Print and Try Technique: 3D-Printing of Teeth with Complex Anatomy a Novel Endodontic Approach

The purpose of this report is to evaluate the applicability of a novel Print and Try technique in the presence of aberrant endodontic anatomies and to achieve a predictable treatment with improved outcome. According to guidelines, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is recommended in the presence of complex anatomies. The volumes were utilized to produce a stereo lithographic (STL) file, from which a 3D-plastic tooth model including a hollow root canal system was obtained. The 3D-patient-specific model facilitates the treatment planning and the trial of therapeutic approaches. Using a transparent material, all the treatment steps could be directly visualized. Subsequently, endodontic therapy could be performed in vivo with reduced operating time and with a better overview. Clinicians benefit from the Print and Try technique when facing a complicated root canal system with reduced stress and higher chances of success. In aberrant endodontic anatomies, the use of a transparent 3D plastic model, derived from the CBCT dicom, provides an exact preview of clinical challenges that will be met intra-operatively. A patient centered tailored approach to shaping, cleaning, and filling strategies can be applied.
Comparative Study of Phytochemical Contents of Various Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars of Bihar

Mangoes are naturally very rich subtropical fruit with unique flavor, fragrance, taste and health promoting compounds like phytochemicals which consists of carotenoids, phenolic, alkaloids, nitrogen containing compounds and organo sulphur. Out of which carotenoids and phenolic are most important healthy ingredients. The different cultivars popularly available in Bihar are – Amrapali, Maldah, Jardalu and Sinduri. Amrapali and Maldah cultivars are very popular in North Bihar as well as Central Bihar while Jardalu is famous particularly in Bhagalpur (Vikramshila region). Sinduri cultivar of mango is common in South Bihar. All the four cultivars of mango were collected and investigated for carotenoids, phenolics, reducing sugar and other parameters in the peels and pulps of green mature (GM) stage and fully ripe (FR) stages of all the cultivars. Carotenoids contents and phenolic contents in all the four cultivars of mangoes were analyzed by solvent extraction method followed by spectrophotometric method. Among the different mango cultivars Amrapali contains the highest amount of carotenoids which is about 27 mg/100g followed by Maldah containing about 22.34 mg/100g. Jardalu and Sinduri cultivars contains 20.45 mg/100g and 21.67 mg/100g respectively. With respect to total phenolic again Amrapali cultivar is found to be the richest with 78mg GAE/100g in its peel. Maldah and Jardalu have almost the same content of phenolics with 40; 44 mg GAE/100 g and 300; 305.49 mg GAE/100g of their pulp and peels respectively. The Sinduri cultivar has been found to possess the lowest content of total phenolics with 30.29 mg GAE/100 g and 269.85 mg GAE/100 g of its pulp and peels respectively. For all the cultivars peels were found with greater contents of phenolics than that of pulp but for Amrapali and Maldah the carotenoids content were found less in their peels than their pulp, but for the rest two varieties the carotenoids content is slightly greater in peels than pulp.
Water quality indicators of the Nima Creek, and potential for sustainable urban agriculture in Ghana

ABSTRACT Urban and peri-urban agriculture, a widely accepted practice of food cultivation in urban centers contributes to positive environment. It has the benefits of job creation, increased access to healthy and affordable food, and important means of improving community health. Use of wastewater or disturbed surface water for urban agriculture is a common practice in the developing world due to lack of adequate infrastructure and widespread poverty. This study assessed the urban water quality parameters of the Nima Creek, a major water resource for peri-urban and urban farming in Southeastern Accra. Water sampled from six locations along the NE – SW stretch of the creek were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including pH, conductivity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), cations, zinc, iron, oil and grease, Biological Oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen demand (COD). Results show high enrichment of nutrients, ammonia (NH3), nitrate (NO3), and phosphate (PO4) as well as elevated levels of BOD, COD, and grease at sites receiving solid and liquid wastes. The physicochemical parameters such as conductivity, TSS, and TDS exhibited periods of elevated values that were congruent with seasonal rainfall patterns within the catchment area. Sodium concentration ranged from 32 to 297 mg/L. Nitrate levels generally ranged from 1.5 to 7.13 mg/L. The cation concentrations showed broad temporal and spatial variation characteristic of disturbed surface freshwater. Principal component analysis of the data discriminated four distinct components accounting for 63.6% of the total variance. The component plots constrained three major classes explaining the physical quality of the water and two other groups defining nutrient and alkalinity levels in the water.
Welfare implications of bacterial and viral infectious diseases for laying hens

Bacterial and viral infectious diseases are significant welfare concerns as they cause a range of clinical signs and mortality depending on the body system(s) affected and severity of the disease. Basic skills in the detection of the clinical signs in poultry and provisional diagnosis of the infectious disease is important for the immediate course of action that needs to be taken to eliminate or reduce the impact of the disease on bird’s welfare. Therefore, in this chapter, bacterial and viral diseases of laying hens (chickens) have been described on the basis of their clinical signs and lesions, as opposed to the classes of infecting bacterial or viral agents. Diseases causing sudden death, respiratory illness, ill thrift, diarrhoea, lameness or recumbency, and reduced egg production and quality are discussed.
Skin Characteristics of Hairdresser Apprentices at the Beginning of Vocational Training

Background Hairdresser apprentices (HAs) are at high risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis. Objectives To assess skin characteristics of HAs, using genotyping, clinically observed and self-reported skin symptoms, and skin bioengineering methods at the beginning of apprenticeship. Methods During the screening phase of a prospective cohort study, we recruited 352 HAs in 24 Croatian towns. The protocol included the following: questionnaires with self-reported skin and atopy symptoms evaluation, Osnabrueck Hand Eczema Severity Index (OHSI) for clinical skin assessment, genotyping FLG (filaggrin) gene mutations, skin pH, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements. Results Self-reported skin symptoms were reported by 12%, history of dry hands by 29%, and history of atopy by 46% of HAs. Skin changes were found at the clinical examination in 18% of the HA. The OHSI score was positively correlated with hand TEWL and hand skin pH in multiple regression linear models. An FLG gene mutation was found in 1 apprentice. Conclusions Significant prevalence of clinically observed skin signs on the hands was observed in HAs at the beginning of training. The OHSI score was found to be an independent predictor of higher hand TEWL and skin pH values. The need to ameliorate preventive examinations before the enrolment to hairdressing schools was indicated.
The weight of time and the unemployment experience: Daily life and future prospects

In individual terms, unemployment situations cause both a destructuring of daily life practices and a loss of resources and socioeconomic conditions that were previously taken for granted. This is a vulnerable situation that results simultaneously in forms of disaffiliation and social disqualification, with consequences in the rise of poverty and social inequality. Unemployed people live the present in a state of constant uncertainty that makes it hard to construct coherent prospects for the future. Basing itself on a sociological problematisation of social time, this article seeks to operationalise a set of categories and temporal profiles that are derived from unemployment situations and to identify different variants of a lived temporality which the authors call forced downtime. The investigation is the product of an analysis of 46 in-depth interviews of relatively older unemployed persons who live in Portugal and possess low or intermediate levels of schooling. Content analysis shows that there are different ways in which interviewees experience distinct temporal dimensions.