Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Composite Materials Based on the Combination of Polyhydroxyalkanoates With Selenium and Strontium Co-substituted Hydroxyapatite for Bone Regeneration

Due to the threat posed by the rapid growth in the resistance of microbial species to antibiotics, there is an urgent need to develop novel materials for biomedical applications capable of providing antibacterial properties without the use of such drugs. Bone healing represents one of the applications with the highest risk of postoperative infections, with potential serious complications in case of bacterial contaminations. Therefore, tissue engineering approaches aiming at the regeneration of bone tissue should be based on the use of materials possessing antibacterial properties alongside with biological and functional characteristics. In this study, we investigated the combination of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) with a novel antimicrobial hydroxyapatite (HA) containing selenium and strontium. Strontium was chosen for its well-known osteoinductive properties, while selenium is an emerging element investigated for its multi-functional activity as an antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Successful incorporation of such ions in the HA structure was obtained. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 6538P and Escherichia coli 8739 was confirmed for co-substituted HA in the powder form. Polymer-matrix composites based on two types of PHAs, P(3HB) and P(3HO-co-3HD-co-3HDD), were prepared by the incorporation of the developed antibacterial HA. An in-depth characterization of the composite materials was conducted to evaluate the effect of the filler on the physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the films. In vitro antibacterial testing showed that the composite samples induce a high reduction of the number of S. aureus 6538P and E. coli 8739 bacterial cells cultured on the surface of the materials. The films are also capable of releasing active ions which inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis

The vaginal microbiome is an intricate and dynamic microecosystem that constantly undergoes fluctuations during the female menstrual cycle and the woman’s entire life. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus which produce various antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the loss or sharp decline in the total number of Lactobacillus and a corresponding marked increase in the concentration of anaerobic microbes. BV is a highly prevalent disorder of the vaginal microbiota among women of reproductive age globally. BV is confirmed to be associated with adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes, such as sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and preterm birth. Gardnerella vaginalis is the most common microorganism identified from BV. It is the predominant microbe in polymicrobial biofilms that could shelter G. vaginalis and other BV-associated microbes from adverse host environments. Many efforts have been made to increase our understanding of the vaginal microbiome in health and BV. Thus, improved novel and accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for BV have been developed. This review covers the features of vaginal microbiome, BV, BV-associated diseases, and various strategies of diagnosis and treatment of BV, with an emphasis on recent research progresses.
A Study on the Relationship Between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep Duration in Preschool Children

Purpose: Explore the role of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in the sleep of preschool children. Method: Preschool children (n = 458) from kindergarten were recruited, measures included accelerometer-derived 24 h activity [SB, light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), daytime sleep duration (DSP), and nocturnal sleep duration (NSP)]. A self-made questionnaire was used to supplementary survey on different types of SB. The two-layer chi-square test and the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test were used and significance set at p < 0.05. Results: PA is mainly a protective factor for DSP, while SB is mainly a risk factor for NSP of preschool children; Screen-type SB including screen viewing SB and video game SB is a risk factor for NSP, while quiet learning SB have no significant correlation with sleep duration in preschool children; Gender and social economic status are important factors affecting the association of PA, SB, and sleep duration in preschool children. Conclusions: The relationship between sleep duration at different periods and PA and SB of preschool children is different. Future educators need to gradually realize the different factors affecting the sleep of preschool children at different stages, clarify the protective factors and risk factors, in order to improve the sleep duration of preschool children.
Coordinated and High-Level Expression of Biosynthetic Pathway Genes Is Responsible for the Production of a Major Floral Scent Compound Methyl Benzoate in Hedychium coronarium

Methyl benzoate is a constituent of floral scent profile of many flowering plants. However, its biosynthesis, particularly in monocots, is scarcely reported. The monocot Hedychium coronarium is a popular ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical regions partly for its intense and inviting fragrance, which is mainly determined by methyl benzoate and monoterpenes. Interestingly, several related Hedychium species lack floral scent. Here, we studied the molecular mechanism of methyl benzoate biosynthesis in H. coronarium. The emission of methyl benzoate in H. coronarium was found to be flower-specific and developmentally regulated. As such, seven candidate genes associated with methyl benzoate biosynthesis were identified from flower transcriptome of H. coronarium and isolated. Among them, HcBSMT1 and HcBSMT2 were demonstrated to catalyze the methylation of benzoic acid and salicylic acid to form methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate, respectively. Methyl salicylate is a minor constituent of H. coronarium floral scent. Kinetic analysis revealed that HcBSMT2 exhibits a 16.6-fold lower Km value for benzoic acid than HcBSMT1, indicating its dominant role for floral methyl benzoate formation. The seven genes associated with methyl benzoate biosynthesis exhibited flower-specific or flower-preferential expression that was developmentally regulated. The gene expression and correlation analysis suggests that HcCNL and HcBSMT2 play critical roles in the regulation of methyl benzoate biosynthesis. Comparison of emission and gene expression among four Hedychium species suggested that coordinated and high-level expression of biosynthetic pathway genes is responsible for the massive emission of floral methyl benzoate in H. coronarium. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism for methyl benzoate biosynthesis in monocots and identify useful molecular targets for genetic modification of scent-related traits in Hedychium.
Illuminating the “Black Box” of Progesterone-Dependent Embryo Implantation Using Engineered Mice

Synchrony between progesterone-driven endometrial receptivity and the arrival of a euploid blastocyst is essential for embryo implantation, a prerequisite event in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Advancement of embryo implantation within the uterus also requires stromal fibroblasts of the endometrium to transform into epithelioid decidual cells, a progesterone-dependent cellular transformation process termed decidualization. Although progesterone is indispensable for these cellular processes, the molecular underpinnings are not fully understood. Because human studies are restricted, much of our fundamental understanding of progesterone signaling in endometrial periimplantation biology comes from in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. In this review, we focus on the tremendous progress attained with the use of engineered mouse models together with high throughput genome-scale analysis in disclosing key signals, pathways and networks that are required for normal endometrial responses to progesterone during the periimplantation period. Many molecular mediators and modifiers of the progesterone response are implicated in cross talk signaling between epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium, an intercellular communication system that is critical for the ordered spatiotemporal control of embryo invasion within the maternal compartment. Accordingly, derailment of these signaling systems is causally linked with infertility, early embryo miscarriage and gestational complications that symptomatically manifest later in pregnancy. Such aberrant progesterone molecular responses also contribute to endometrial pathologies such as endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Therefore, our review makes the case that further identification and functional analysis of key molecular mediators and modifiers of the endometrial response to progesterone will not only provide much-needed molecular insight into the early endometrial cellular changes that promote pregnancy establishment but lend credible hope for the development of more effective mechanism-based molecular diagnostics and precision therapies in the clinical management of female infertility, subfertility and a subset of gynecological morbidities.
A Fe/Mn-Based Prussian Blue Analogue as a K-Rich Cathode Material for Potassium-Ion Batteries

The reversible intercalation of K+ into graphite has spurred interest in new rechargeable battery chemistries based on potassium ions. The viability of commercializing potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) is critically dependent on the availability of pre-potassiated cathode materials, and the compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode components; which have yet to be fully explored. Herein, we report a Fe and Mn based K-rich Prussian Blue analogue, which can be used as the cathode of rechargeable KIBs to deliver 115 mAh/g of discharge capacity with two voltage plateaus at 3.9 and 4.1 V vs. K+/K in an electrolyte with fluoroethylene carbonate additive. In half-cell studies, the cyclability of this Prussian Blue analogue was found to depend on the formation of a passivation layer on the anode and the decomposition of the active electrode material at the cathode. This study demonstrates the importance of electrode−electrolyte compatibility in the development of new rechargeable battery chemistries, especially when the evaluation is based on half-cell studies where potassium metal is used.
Looking beneath the Surface - Concepts and Research Avenues for Big Data Analytics Adoption in IS research

Big data analytics (BDA) gained importance in scholarly and practitioner literature alike. There is some disagreement, however, whether BDA is merely an evolution of established phenomena, most particularly business intelligence, or whether BDA represents a novel technology-driven innovation with potentially disruptive market impacts. Using the technology-organization-environment theory as our lens of analysis, we take a critical stance and conduct a systematic literature review to offer guidance for future research by pinpointing pivotal concepts and providing conceptually and empirically validated propositions as well as research avenues for IS research on BDA adoption. While the research avenues are intended to trigger future research, the developed propositions shall provide guidance to research endeavors that empirically analyze the adoption of BDA in organizational settings. By discussing open research issues and providing potentially fruitful theoretical perspectives for enriching our knowledge in this domain, this shall ultimately contribute to advancing BDA research.
Bridging Ride and Play Comfort

The notion of comfort with respect to rides, such as roller coasters, is typically addressed from the perspective of a physical ride, where the convenience of transportation is redefined to minimize risk and maximize thrill. As a popular form of entertainment, roller coasters sit at the nexus of rides and games, providing a suitable environment to measure both mental and physical experiences of rider comfort. In this paper, the way risk and comfort affect such experiences is investigated, and the connection between play comfort and ride comfort is explored. A roller coaster ride simulation is adopted as the target environment for this research, which combines the feeling of being thrill and comfort simultaneously. At the same time, this paper also expands research on roller coaster rides while bridging the rides and games via the analogy of the law of physics, a concept currently known as motion in mind. This study’s contribution involves a roller coaster ride model, which provides an extended understanding of the relationship between physical performance and the mental experience relative to the concept of motion in mind while establishing critical criteria for a comfortable experience of both the ride and play.
The Value of Personal Data: An Experimental Analysis of Data Types and Personal Antecedents

Experimental investigations of privacy decision-making can provide complementary insights to surveys but they raise the methodological challenge of which data type(s) to use in controlled laboratory environments. To this end, we conduct a laboratory experiment with 317 participants and elicit subjects’ data valuation (i.e., willingness-to-accept, WTA) of three different synthetic data types, which we create and collect in the laboratory. We find that subjects place positive, although different, monetary valuations on these data sets and show that these valuations are similar to subjects’ valuations of field data created at an online retailer. Moreover, we find that subjects’ WTA is significantly influenced by their gender, age, general risk attitude as well as stated privacy concerns. Finally, we find that information sensitivity mediates the relationship between data type and subjects’ WTA. Altogether, our findings provide guidance for future experimental designs on revealed privacy decision-making and the pricing of personal data brokers.
Information Retrieval and Knowledge Organization: A Perspective from the Philosophy of Science

Information retrieval (IR) is about making systems for finding documents or information. Knowledge organization (KO) is the field concerned with indexing, classification, and representing documents for IR, browsing, and related processes, whether performed by humans or computers. The field of IR is today dominated by search engines like Google. An important difference between KO and IR as research fields is that KO attempts to reflect knowledge as depicted by contemporary scholarship, in contrast to IR, which is based on, for example, “match” techniques, popularity measures or personalization principles. The classification of documents in KO mostly aims at reflecting the classification of knowledge in the sciences. Books about birds, for example, mostly reflect (or aim at reflecting) how birds are classified in ornithology. KO therefore requires access to the adequate subject knowledge; however, this is often characterized by disagreements. At the deepest layer, such disagreements are based on philosophical issues best characterized as “paradigms”. No IR technology and no system of knowledge organization can ever be neutral in relation to paradigmatic conflicts, and therefore such philosophical problems represent the basis for the study of IR and KO.
Parents' Attachment Histories and Children's Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors: Exploring Family Systems Models of Linkage

Twenty-seven mothers and 27 fathers were given the Adult Attachment Interview (M. Main & R. Goldwyn, in press) when their children were 3.5 years old. Continuous ratings of narrative coherence, probable experience quality (parents perceived as loving), and state of mind (current anger at parents) were entered as latent variables in partial least squares structural equation models that included observational measures of marital quality and parenting style. Models that include fathers' attachment histories predicted more variance in kindergarten teachers' descriptions of children's externalizing behavior, whereas models that include mothers' attachment histories predicted more variance in children's internalizing behavior. Marital data added predictive power to the equations. Discussion is focused on the importance of integrating attachment and family systems approaches, and of parents' gender and marital quality, in understanding specific links between parents' attachment histories and their young children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors.
Enzymatic release of phenolics from fruit skins:With grape as the main model

A fundamental prerequisite for upgrading of fruit skins in press residues from juice, cider, and wine processes to food ingredients or supplements is the provision of methods for eval- uation of the phenolics and cell wall carbohydrates in the materials. This study compared themonosaccharide yields obtained for differentwine grape skin (Cabernet Sauvignon,Mer- lot, and Shiraz) and apple skin (Red Delicious (RD) and Golden Delicious (GD)) samples by trifluoroacetic (TFA) acid vs. hydrochloric (HCl) acid hydrolysis. Recovery values ofmonosac- charide standards after the acid treatments were also compared. TFA hydrolysis (2M, 121 ◦C, and 2h) resulted in higher monosaccharide yields from the fruit skin samples than HCl hydrolysis under the same conditions—after recovery value adjustments. Analyses of the phenols after extensive, sequential aqueous methanol (60%, w/w) extraction of the fruit skins confirmed that grape skins are a good source of anthocyanin pigments, notably the 3-glucosides of malvidin and cyanidin, and demonstrated that apple skins are a potential source of catechins. © 2008 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Studies on anticancer activities of triterpenoid in Anemone raddeana Regel

Objective:To study the anticancer effects of the triterpenes extracted from Anemone raddeana Regel.Methods:The main constituents of the total saponins extracted from Anemone raddeana Regel were oleanolic acid-type triterpenoid saponins.The total saponins were degraded by alkaline hydrolysis at C-28 and gave the hydrolysis mixture.Oleanolic acid,R0,RⅡ and RⅢ were the main constituents of the hydrolysis mixture by silicon TLC.The hydrolysis mixture,RⅡ, RⅢ were tested for anticancer activities upon three kinds of tumor cells,SMMC-7721, HeLa and L929.Results:Depending on the data of IC 50 ,the effective inhibition sequence was mixture RⅡRⅢ,and the inhibitory activity differences among the mixture,RⅡ and RⅢ were nearly the same. Conclusion :There exists some regularity and synergic effect among the three constituents,a compound with a longer sugar chain is lower effective,and the mixture is the most effective.
Separation, purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from grape juice by the two‐step extraction and dialysis

Liquid liquid extraction, as a clean and green process, has a great potential in technology and innovation, which has been widely used in industrial production. In this paper, a liquid–liquid extraction process based on L44-NaH2PO4 ATPS was studied for separation and purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from the grape juice. The concentrations of L44 and NaH2PO4, temperature and pH as factors of effect on the extraction rates were discussed. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rates of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharides were 99.8% and 90.3%, respectively. The work subject is extraction of two compounds from grape juice, which can be very important for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The vitis linn polysaccharides were further purified by dialysis and the impurity protein was successfully removed based on organic solvent precipitation method. Besides, the recycle of L44 was also achieved through secondary extraction. Practical applications A liquid–liquid extraction process based on L44-NaH2PO4 ATPS was studied for separation and purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from the grape juice. The efficient separation of two kinds of water-soluble components is of great significance in industrial production. It is very interesting for scientific communities and shows a great biotechnological potential of the ATPS purification process. The work subject is extraction of two compounds from grape juice, which can be very important for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
When Autocracies Have No Respect for the Nobel Prize

As both the fi rst writer and the fi rst woman from Belarus to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, Svetlana Alexievich became a centre of public attention worldwide. While the fi rst tweets from the Nobel announcement room generated some confusion regarding this unknown writer from an unknown land – with about “10,000 reporters googling Svetlana Alexievich” (Brooks 2015) – the subsequent media coverage of the writer in such publications as The Guardian, The New Yorker, and Der Spiegel sketched out a broad picture of Alexievich’s life, career and main works.
Theoretical investigation of heterocyclic compounds on corrosion inhibition behavior of copper in hydrochloric acid medium

Quantum chemical calculations based on DFT method were performed on two schiff bases compounds, used as corrosion inhibitors for copper in HCl media to determine the relationship between the molecular structure of schiff base and inhibition efficiency. Quantum chemical parameters such as the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), energy gap (∆E), dipole moment (l), electronegativity (v), electron affinity (A), global ionization potential (I), the fraction of electrons transferred (∆N), and the total energy (TE), were calculated. The theoretically obtained results were found to be consistent with the experimental data reported.
A Perception-based Scalable Encryption Model for AVS Audio

Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) is China's second-generation source coding/decoding standard with fully Intellectual Properties. As the sixth part of AVS standard, AVS-DRM aims to offer the universal and open interoperable standard for various requirements of digital rights management (DRM) in digital media industry. In its first version, AVS DRM committee document (CD) did not take into account the encryption modes on AVS audio. However, audio content protection also plays an important role in many digital media applications. Therefore, this paper proposes a perception-based scalable encryption approach for AVS audio, which specifies different audio encryption modes by utilizing the perception classification of the audio bitstream and provides multiple security levels by encrypting different audio coding layers. Moreover, the paper incorporates the proposed scalable encryption method in AVS audio fine-granularity scalable codec technique and then implements an AVS audio trusted coder/decoder. Several objective and subjective tests were performed on a set of 12 critical stereo excerpts provided by AVS audio group. The experimental results show that the proposed scalable encryption approach is able to provide a feasible and effective audio protection scheme for a wide range of applications with different DRM requirements. Currently, the scalable encryption scheme has been partly accepted by AVS-DRM final committee document (FCD).