Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Obstacle Avoidance on a Compliant Surface during Transfer to a Novel Visual Task after Variable Practice under Unusual Visual Conditions

Previous work has shown that variable practice facilitates adaptation to novel visuomotor changes during throwing tasks and obstacle avoidance on a solid floor. To assess whether locomotor skill on an obstacle-avoidance task performed on a compliant surface and in a novel visuomotor environment improved after training with variable practice, 61 normal adults practiced traversing the obstacle course. Half the trials were performed with no visual changes and half with either sham lenses or visually distorting lenses; the latter were either single or multiple lenses. On transfer tests on the obstacle course while wearing novel lenses, scores were significantly better with multiple lenses than sham; the single-lens group did not differ from sham or multiple-lens groups. Thus, performance in a novel visual environment on a compliant surface improved most with variable practice.
Factor Timing with Cross-Sectional and Time-Series Predictors

What smart beta strategy should investors use and when? The authors search for predictors of value, size, momentum, quality, and minimum-volatility smart beta factors under different economic regimes and market conditions. They find that combining information from several predictors such as business cycle indicators, valuation, relative strength, and dispersion metrics is more effective than using individual predictors.
The Determinants of the Development of the Russian Assistive Technologies Market in the Context of the Interaction of Various Groups of Agents

This study identifies the key determinants of the development of the assistive technologies market in Russia and the trends that are expected to determine the dynamics of the Russian market over the next 10-15 years. Based on an analysis of international research experience and data obtained from in-depth interviews with Russian experts in areas associated with assistive technologies and devices (ATD, or technical rehabilitation aids (TRA)) (such as the manufacturers of assistive devices, representatives of the Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise, representatives of disabled people's organizations and policy makers dealing with the issues related to the social support of disabled people), the key determinants of the market have been classified into demographic, economic, political, social, technological, and infrastructural. The study of the determinants and trends is implemented in the context of their impact on the supply and demand for ATD, taking into account the fact that for various groups of the population demands are determined by different needs (from the desire for social inclusion to the desire to be independent) and the fact that supply of different types of assistive devices may be affected by various groups of factors. The interaction of various agents operating in the ATD market in Russia is analyzed within the theoretical framework of Porter's five forces
Therapy of neutropenic rats infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Rats made profoundly neutropenic with cyclophosphamide were injected with 100 or 1,000 50% lethal doses of a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspended in mucin. Rats were treated for 24, 48, or 72 hr with thrice daily intramuscular administration of carbenicillin (400 mg/kg), gentamicin (10 mg/kg), both of these agents at the same doses, or saline. One hour after injection of antibiotics, the mean bactericidal titers in serum were 1:4.7, 1:21. , and 1:8.6 for rats receiving carbenicillin, gentamicin, and a combination of the two agents, respectively. Combination chemotherapy produced a greater reduction in mortality rate than did either agent alone for both inoculum sizes and for all three durations of therapy. Gentamicin was at least as effective as carbenicillin regardless of inoculum size or duration of therapy. Fourfold or greater increases in minimal inhibitory concentrations of P. aeruginosa were seen in 54% of postmortem blood culture isolates from animals treated with carbenicillin, in 15% from rats treated with gentamicin, and in none from animals receiving both agents.
Evaluation of immersion 20 MHz B-scan ultrasonography in observing lens in the alkali burn eyes.

AIM To evaluate the accuracy of 20 MHz immersion B-scan ultrasonography in observing lens and to investigate the value of this noninvasive preoperative diagnosis method in alkali burn eyes. METHODS It was a comparative study. Fifty-six cases (56 eyes) of alkali burn eyes were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and immersion 20 MHz B-scan ultrasonography from June 2011 to April 2013, the images were analyzed, and the ultrasonographic diagnosis compared with the operation results. RESULTS In 56 alkali burn eyes examined by UBM, the lens were not detected in 16 eyes; the IOL could be detected in 2 eyes; the anterior lens capsule surface or/and the front lens could be detected in 18 eyes, and lens opacification in 3 eyes of them; suspected abnormal lens were detected in the other 20 eyes. In all the same eyes examined by immersion 20 MHz B-scan ultrasonography, the lens were not detected in 16 eyes; the IOL could be detected in 2 eyes; 24 abnormal lens (opacity, lens expansion, shrinkage) and 14 normal lens were found. Compared with the intraoperative findings, the diagnostic accordance rate of the immersion 20 MHz B-scan appearance of lens was 100% (56/56), which was significantly higher than examined by UBM 57.14% (32/56) (χ(2)=30.55, P=0.0000). CONCLUSION Immersion 20 MHz B-scan ultrasonography can observe the lens accurately in alkali burn eyes. It has important clinical value to combine with UBM in eyes of alkali burn.
Relation Between High-Frequency Properties and Direction of Anisotropy Magnetic Field in Magnetic Thin Film for RF Inductor Applications

A relation between high-frequency properties, and angle θ of the easy axis in soft magnetic film and ac applied field was investigated in order to fabricate the film for RF spiral inductor without a localized EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference). This relationship was measured using a soft CoFeSiO/SiO<sub>2</sub> granular multilayer magnetic thin film and simulated by using LLG (Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert) micromagnetic simulator. The measured and calculated frequency dependence of the film's complex relative permeability, μ<sub>r</sub><sup>'</sup> and μ<sub>r</sub><sup>''</sup>, compared well with 10% mean error. The real part of complex relative permeability μ<sub>r</sub><sup>'</sup> was dependent on approximately sin<sup>2</sup>θ . The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency, <i>f</i><sub>r</sub>, and the FMR half-width, Δ<i>f</i><sub>r</sub> were not dependent on the angle, θ . They were estimated to be 2.54 GHz and 0.3 GHz, respectively. These results are significant for the design of various magnetic thin film spiral inductors in RF integrated circuits without localized EMI.
Parity and pregnancy outcomes.

OBJECTIVE The issue of parity and risk of pregnancy outcomes has been controversial for many decades. We conducted a study to evaluate the association between parity and pregnancy outcomes and to clarify the basis of the classification of risk based on parity. STUDY DESIGN The study is a cross-sectional analysis on a large routinely collected data set of singleton births from 1992 to 1997 in New South Wales, Australia. Pregnancy outcomes were compared among parity groups. RESULTS There was a significant association between different parity levels and pregnancy outcomes in terms of obstetric complications, neonatal morbidity, and perinatal mortality, after adjustment for potential confounders, including age, maternal smoking status, and socioeconomic status. In terms of obstetric complications, neonatal morbidity, and perinatal mortality, subjects can be classified into 3 groups according to parity: nulliparity, low multiparity (parity 1, 2, and 3), and grand multipara (parity 4 to 8). Compared with low multiparity, mothers and babies of nulliparity and grand multipara are at higher risk. CONCLUSIONS This study supported the definition of grand multiparity that should start from parity 4 or the 5th baby. Attention should be paid to subjects of nulliparity and grand multiparity for their different problems.
Cochlear Implantation in the Very Young Child: Issues Unique to the Under-1 Population

Since the advent of cochlear implantation, candidacy criteria have slowly broadened to include increasingly younger patients. Spurred by evidence demonstrating both perioperative safety and significantly increased speech and language benefit with early auditory intervention, children younger than 12 months of age are now being successfully implanted at many centers. This review highlights the unique challenges involved in cochlear implantation in the very young child, specifically diagnosis and certainty of testing, anesthetic risk, surgical technique, intraoperative testing and postoperative programming, long-term safety, development of receptive and expressive language, and outcomes of speech perception. Overall, the current body of literature indicates that cochlear implantation prior to 1 year of age is both safe and efficacious.
YouTube and the Adpocalypse : How Have The New YouTube Advertising Friendly Guidelines Shaped Creator Participation and Audience Engagement?

Across 2016 and 2017, YouTube was subjected to an advertising boycott, widely known as the Adpocalypse, after a number of adverts were placed in content that promoted extremism. In response YouTube undertook a complete restructuring of their advertiser-friendly guidelines. These changes involved a number of restrictions on the content creators, who were forced to adapt or risk losing out. The changes, in turn, placed a greater emphasis on audience engagement. This thesis attempts to discover how these changes have shaped creator participation and audience engagement. Through an extensive literature review, in-depth interviews with both creators and audiences, a thorough coding process and a detailed analysis of the findings, this thesis seeks to answer the question of how have the new advertiser-friendly guidelines shaped creator participation and audience engagement. This thesis will also be looking into the conflict between the various parties involved, looking at the rise of audiences, and what these could all mean for the future of YouTube. (Less)
How Legal Professionals and Law Students Understand Strategic Thinking

Aim: ​This research aims to discover how strategic thinking is understood by legal professionals and law students. Purpose: ​The purpose of this research is to advance the understanding of strategic thinking. A clear understanding of strategic thinking in the legal field has yet to be fully explored. It is relevant for students, professionals, and educational institutions to discover how strategic thinking is understood and therefore what it is, so that it can be developed. Method: ​In order to reach our aim, law students and legal professionals were asked to write a text on strategic thinking by answering an open question. Afterwards, interviews were conducted. The texts were analysed by using the computerised text-analysis tool Pertex, and the interviews by content analysis. Findings: ​Legal professionals and law students start their strategic thinking process by trying to reach a bigger picture of the situation, while doing so the students focus more on gathering the facts than professionals. The professionals also concentrate on the role of the client and counterparty. Both respondents value the assessment of possible outcomes. Legal professionals believe experience and patience are valuable to strategic thinking as well. Limitations: ​The study is conducted in a qualitative manner, so the results are not statistically generalisable. The research also has geographical limitations in Sweden and within Sweden's legal jurisdiction. Qualitative content analysis can be affected by the researcher's interpretations. Lastly, Pertex is an automated text-analysis process, but sometimes involvement of the researcher is needed which could lead to the results being biased.
Differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa into the alginate‐producing form: inactivation of mucB causes conversion to mucoidy

Mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a critical virulence factor associated with chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis. A cluster of three tightly linked genes. algU, mucA and mucB located at 67.5 min, controls development of mucoid phenotype. This locus is allelic with a group of mutations (muc) associated with conversion into constitutively mucoid forms. One of the genes previously characterized in this region, algU, is absolutely required for the transcriptional activation of algD, a critical event in the establishment of mucoidy. AlgU is homologous to the alternative sigma factor σ;H (Spo0H) controlling sporulation and competence in Bacillus. Two genes downstream of algU, mucA and mucB were further characterized in this study. Previous complementation studies have demonstrated that mucA is required for suppression of mucoidy in the muc‐2 strain PAO568. In this work, complementation analysis indicated that, in addition. mucB was required for suppression of mucoidy in the muc‐25 strain PAO581, and for enhanced complementation of the muc‐2 mutation in PAO568. The complete nucleotide sequence of mucA and mucH was determined. Insertional inactivation of mucB on the chromosome of the standard genetic strain PAO resulted in mucoid phenotype, and in a strong transcriptional activation of algD. Thus, a loss of mucB function is sufficient to cause conversion of P. aeruginosa into the mucoid phenotype. Since the algU‐mucA‐mucB region is a general site where muc mutations have been mapped, it is likely that mucB participates in the emergence of mucoid forms. Both mucA and mucB play a regulatory role in concert with the sigma‐like factor AlgU; all three genes, along with signal transduction and histone‐like elements, control differentiation of P. aeruginosa into the mucoid phenotype.
The Placental/Umbilical Cord Blood Program of the New York Blood Center A Progress Report

Abstract: The transplantation of placental/umbilical cord blood (P/CB) has been used successfully to reconstitute bone marrow function in both related and unrelated recipients. We report here the experience of the New York Blood Center P/CB Program. Since its inception in 1992, over 400 unrelated transplants were supported between July 1993 and September 1997. Overall, event‐free survival for all diagnoses and ages approached 0.45. Success and rapidity of engraftment correlated most strongly with the degree of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) disparity and cell dose/kg body weight recipient. Acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was common in all patients but, surprisingly, did not differ between those patients who received grafts having one or more antigen mismatches. Chronic GVHD was uncommon and only rarely contributed to death. These results demonstrate the feasibility of large‐scale P/CB banking for the provision of cryopreserved stem cell preparations for unrelated transplants. The degree of the program's success argues strongly for additional P/CB banks in order to increase the likelihood of finding a suitable stem cell preparation for patients for whom related matched donors do not exist.
Decoupling Efficiency of a Wideband Vivaldi Focal Plane Array Feeding a Reflector Antenna

A focal plane array (FPA) feeding a reflector can be used to achieve a large field of view (FOV) with overlapping simultaneous beams. In order to provide a continuous FOV over more than an octave bandwidth, the inter-element spacing in the FPA has to be electrically small over large parts of the band. This will inevitably result in strong mutual coupling effects between the array elements. On transmit, the total lost power due to mutual coupling can be quantified by the decoupling efficiency, a term recently introduced for antenna arrays. This paper presents measured decoupling efficiencies of a Vivaldi element FPA operating between 2.3 and 7 GHz. The radiation patterns of the FPA are calculated for two beam excitations by using measured embedded element patterns, and the corresponding decoupling efficiencies are evaluated by using measured S -parameters between all element ports. The FPA is assumed to illuminate a deep reflector with F/D=0.35 , and the overall reflector aperture efficiencies are computed. The decoupling efficiencies are also determined through the measurements of the total radiation efficiencies in a reverberation chamber, which includes material absorption losses.
A review of the USEPA's single breath canister (SBC) method for exhaled volatile organic biomarkers

Exhaled alveolar breath can provide a great deal of information about an individual's health and previous exposure to potentially harmful xenobiotic materials. Because breath can be obtained non-invasively and its constituents directly reflect concentrations in the blood, its use has many potential applications in the field of biomarker research. This paper reviews the utility and application of the single breath canister (SBC) method of alveolar breath collection and analysis first developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in the 1990s. This review covers the development of the SBC technique in the laboratory and its application in a range of field studies. Together these studies specifically show how the SBC method (and exhaled breath analysis in general) can be used to clearly demonstrate recent exposure to volatile organic compounds, to link particular activities to specific exposures, to determine compoundspecific uptake and elimination kinetics, and to assess the relative importance of various routes of exposure (i.e. dermal, ingestion, inhalation) in multipathway scenarios. Specific investigations covered in this overview include an assessment of exposures related to the residential use of contaminated groundwater, exposures to gasoline and fuel additives at self-service gas stations, swimmers' exposures to trihalomethanes, and occupational exposures to jet fuel.
An integrative approach to species discovery in odonates: from character‐based DNA barcoding to ecology

Modern taxonomy requires an analytical approach incorporating all lines of evidence into decision‐making. Such an approach can enhance both species identification and species discovery. The character‐based DNA barcode method provides a molecular data set that can be incorporated into classical taxonomic data such that the discovery of new species can be made in an analytical framework that includes multiple sources of data. We here illustrate such a corroborative framework in a dragonfly model system that permits the discovery of two new, but visually cryptic species. In the African dragonfly genus Trithemis three distinct genetic clusters can be detected which could not be identified by using classical taxonomic characters. In order to test the hypothesis of two new species, DNA‐barcodes from different sequence markers (ND1 and COI) were combined with morphological, ecological and biogeographic data sets. Phylogenetic analyses and incorporation of all data sets into a scheme called taxonomic circle highly supports the hypothesis of two new species. Our case study suggests an analytical approach to modern taxonomy that integrates data sets from different disciplines, thereby increasing the ease and reliability of both species discovery and species assignment.
Effects of New Economic Reality on Social Changes: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

The paper presents a cross-cultural analysis of the life quality of the rural population on the materials from various sources in Russia and Kyrgyzstan. A brief review of the research field, foreign and domestic works is presented. The problem potential of the life quality of the rural population is revealed based on the materials of our empirical research. Methods of research were a mass survey (Republic of Kyrgyzstan), analysis of statistical data for the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. The authors made a conclusion about the predominantly negative influence of modern socio-economic processes on the life quality of the rural population. The similarity of situations in both regions is ascertained and the necessity of optimizing the policy pursued with respect to rural areas is justified.
HERC5, a HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase tightly regulated in LPS activated endothelial cells

By differential screening we isolated genes upregulated in inflammatory cytokine-stimulated human skin microvascular endothelial cells. One of these cDNAs encoded RCC1 (regulator of chromosome condensation 1)-like repeats and a HECT (homologous to E6-AP C-terminus) domain, representing a member of the HERC (HECT and RCC1 domain protein) family of ubiquitin ligases. The mRNA level of this member, HERC5, is specifically upregulated in endothelial cells by the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β, and by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but is hardly expressed in other cells of the vascular wall such as primary smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Regulation of HERC5 gene expression suggests a critical role for the transcription factor NF-κB. In contrast to mRNA expression HERC5 protein is subject of enhanced degradation upon LPS stimulation of endothelial cells. The time course of LPS-induced changes in HERC5 protein and mRNA levels suggests that the initial drop in HERC5 protein is balanced by increased protein synthesis due to upregulation of HERC5 mRNA. This leads to recovery of HERC5 protein levels within 12 hours of LPS stimulation and points at a tight control of HERC5 protein. To analyze functional activity of this putative member of the ubiquitin-conjugating pathway we performed in vitro assays with different ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. We found that HERC5 possesses ubiquitin ligase activity and requires the presence of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH5a for its activity. These data show for the first time that a functionally active HECT ubiquitin ligase exhibits a tightly controlled cytosolic level under inflammatory conditions in endothelial cells.
The role of buttonhead and Sp1 in the development of the ventral imaginal discs of Drosophila

The related genes buttonhead (btd) and Drosophila Sp1 (the Drosophila homologue of the human SP1 gene) encode zinc-finger transcription factors known to play a developmental role in the formation of the Drosophila head segments and the mechanosensory larval organs. We report a novel function of btd and Sp1: they induce the formation and are required for the growth of the ventral imaginal discs. They act as activators of the headcase (hdc) and Distal-less (Dll) genes, which allocate the cells of the disc primordia. The requirement for btd and Sp1 persists during the development of ventral discs: inactivation by RNA interference results in a strong reduction of the size of legs and antennae. Ectopic expression of btd in the dorsal imaginal discs (eyes, wings and halteres) results in the formation of the corresponding ventral structures (antennae and legs). However, these structures are not patterned by the morphogenetic signals present in the dorsal discs; the cells expressing btd generate their own signalling system, including the establishment of a sharp boundary of engrailed expression, and the local activation of the wingless and decapentaplegic genes. Thus, the Btd product has the capacity to induce the activity of the entire genetic network necessary for ventral imaginal discs development. We propose that this property is a reflection of the initial function of the btd/Sp1 genes that consists of establishing the fate of the ventral disc primordia and determining their pattern and growth.