Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observations of isoprene chemistry and its role in ozone production at a semirural site during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study

Isoprene and its oxidation products, methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR), were measured in a semirural environment that was occasionally heavily impacted by urban emissions. At this site, isoprene was the most important hydrocarbon in terms of kOH·[hydrocarbon], but the aldehydes HCHO and CH3CHO also appear to be very important. The local isoprene photochemistry appears to be occasionally enhanced in NOx-rich urban plumes that are adverted to the site over intermediate forested land. When O3 was being rapidly produced in urban plumes adverted to this forested site, isoprene was found to contribute ≈28% of the total ozone production. We observe that many of the peaks in isoprene oxidation products at this surface site arise from downward mixing of more photochemically processed air aloft, as the nocturnal inversion breaks up in the morning. We estimate that, in the daytime, typically 1–2% of the NOy at this NOx-rich site is composed of isoprene nitrates.
Carrier dynamics and photoelectrical parameters in highly compensated sublimation grown 3C-SiC layers studied by time-resolved nonlinear optical techniques

Excess carrier dynamics in compensated n-type and p-type 3C-SiC layers grown by sublimation epitaxy and doped with nitrogen and aluminum has been studied using time-resolved optical pump-probe techniques. We show that carrier recombination pathway in both layers is strongly affected by the optical recharge of compensating aluminum impurities (Al−) through trapping of holes and their thermal release, providing recovery to the initial state within 0.1 ms to 10 ns in the 80–300 K range. The dynamics of aluminum charge states and hole density were also analysed using numerical modelling, which provided a hole capture cross-section for aluminum sh(Al) = (1.0 ± 0.3)×10−15 cm−2 and its activation energy Ea(Al) = (176 ± 4) meV in both layers. Free carrier lifetimes of 0.5 and 2 ns (for the p- and n-type layer, respectively) were measured at the injected carrier densities (ΔN0) well above that of Al. We also observed a strong impact of the compensating Al impurities on carrier diffusivity at room temperature, which dropped to negligible values of D < 0.1 cm2 s−1 at injection levels below the aluminum trap density (ΔN0 < [Al−]eq) and reached its typical value of D = 2 cm2 s−1 only at ΔN0 ≥ 1019 cm−3.
Thermo-field emission: a comparative study

Thermo-field emission current densities calculated by the commonly used Richardson - Dushman equation corrected for the Schottky effect are compared with those calculated using the more accurate treatment of Murphy and Good for a wide range of temperatures (1000 - 5000 K), electric field strengths () and work functions (2 - 5 eV) encountered in numerical modelling of the thermal arc-cathode interactions. Results show that the emission current densities predicted by the Richardson - Dushman equation are always lower than those predicted by the more accurate treatment. The disagreement between the two predictions is in the range 20 - 30% for the conditions encountered in numerical modelling of the attachment of a thermal arc to a hot tungsten cathode whereas it is much larger when a cold copper cathode is considered (>175%). It is suggested that the more accurate treatment of Murphy and Good should be used in order to increase the accuracy of prediction of the numerical models.
Comparative Study on the Formation and Reduction of Bulk and Al2O3-Supported Cobalt Oxides by H2-TPR Technique

A systematic and comparative study of the decomposition procedures of unsupported and Al2O3-supported Co(NO3)2·6H2O, as well as the reduction procedures of bulk Co3O4 and Al2O3-supported Co3O4 was carried out. A series of decomposition products of bulk and Al2O3-supported Co(NO3)2·6H2O, and bulk cobalt oxides (Co3O4 and CoOOH) and Al2O3-supported Co3O4 (Co/Al2O3 catalysts) were prepared by the methods of calcination, deposition-precipitation, and incipient-wetness impregnation. The bulk and supported samples were characterized by different techniques, including XRD, UV−vis−NIR, TG-DTA, gas analyzer, and H2-TPR. The results show that the CoO species first appears in the calcination process of bulk Co(NO3)2·6H2O decomposition, and then CoO is oxidized to form Co3O4. CoO-Al2O3 composite oxide first appears in the calcination process of Al2O3-supported Co(NO3)2·6H2O decomposition. CoO disperses on the surface of Al2O3 support at first and then forms a multilayer with the decomposition of Co(NO3)2. Finally, Co.
Preparation of HPLC chiral packing materials using cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) for the separation of chrysanthemate isomers

We investigated the separation of chrysanthemate isomers (1), particularly the (1R)-trans form, by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using polysaccharide derivatives, such as the phenylcarbamates and benzoates of cellulose and amylose, as the chiral stationary phases (CSPs). The chiral packing materials (CPMs) having a high chiral recognition for the chrysanthemic acid ethyl ester (1a) were prepared by coating cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) (2a) dissolved in solvents containing methyl benzoate or acetophenone as an additive on silica gel. The separation factor for 1a significantly depended on the preparation conditions of CPM 2a, such as the coating amount of 2a and the type and amount of additives. The chiral recognition ability created by imprinting the additives was lost when the CPM was heated at a high temperature, and was recovered by contacting it with the additive in a packed column. The structural change in 2a during these treatments was not clearly detected by spectroscopic methods. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5087–5097, 2006
Ownership-Based Owicki-Gries Reasoning

This paper explores the use of ownership as a key auxiliary variable within Owicki-Gries framework. We explore this idea in the context of a ring buffer, developed by Amazon, which is a partial library that only provides methods for reserving (acquiring) and releasing addresses within the buffer. A client is required to implement additional functionality (including an additional shared queue) to enable full synchronisation between a writer and a reader. We verify correctness of the Amazon ring buffer (ARB) and show that the ARB satisfies both safety and progress. Our proofs are fully mechanised within the Isabelle/HOL proof assistant.
Improvement of PECVD Silicon–Germanium Crystallization for CMOS Compatible MEMS Applications

This paper investigates the influence of the electrode spacing, chamber pressure, total gas flow, and H 2 dilution on the crystallinity, resistivity, uniformity, and stress of polycrystalline silicon-germanium (poly-SiGe) films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Boron-doped PECVD SiGe films of 1.6 μm thick are deposited on 400 nm chemical vapor deposition layers from SiH 4 , GeH 4 , and B 2 H 6 precursors. The microstructure is verified by transmission electron microscopy and by X-ray diffraction. It was discovered that for constant temperature and deposition rate, the PECVD SiGe microstructure changes from completely amorphous to polycrystalline by increasing the electrode spacing and pressure due to reduced ion bombardment. A process window of an electrode spacing and pressure for the PECVD poly-SiGe deposition is thus identified based on a sheet resistance mapping method. Increasing the total gas flow dramatically improves the within-wafer crystallinity variation and further reduces the resistivity. Increasing the H 2 flow during PECVD shifts the stress from -51 to 17 MPa and further reduces the crystallinity variation over the wafer. In addition, the effect of changing the SiH 4 to GeH 4 ratio and the in situ boron doping by adding B 2 H 6 is also investigated. The findings in this paper are expected to facilitate the use of poly-SiGe in the above complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) applications.
A study of the Ã 2B2–X̃ 2A1 band system of CaNH2 employing molecular beam optical Stark spectroscopy

The 000 A 2B2–X 2A1 visible band system of a supersonic molecular beam sample of calcium amide, CaNH2, recorded in the presence of a variable static electric field has been studied using high resolution laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The determined spectroscopic parameters are (in cm−1), origin=15 464.366 9(8); A″=13.057 4(9); B″=0.300 47(5); C″=0.292 88(5); ebb″=0.001 1(3); ecc″=0.001 1(3); A′=11.448 7(2); B′=0.307 1(1); C′=0.299 2(1); eaa′=8.238(2); ebb′=0.005 2(6); ecc′=0.055 7(6); Δsk=−0.060 8(5). The rotational parameters are interpreted to give an approximate r0 structure. The large spin‐rotation parameter for the A 2B2 state is discussed in terms of a second order spin–orbit interaction with other low‐lying electronic states. Stark splitting of the PP11(1.5)+PQ12(0.5) branch feature was analyzed to produce a ground state permanent electric dipole moment, μ″, of 1.74(1) D. A comparison of μ″ with other monovalent calcium compounds is given.
Application of Electronic Tongue for Quantitative Analysis of Mineral Water and Wine

An electronic tongue comprising 29 potentiometric chemical sensors and pattern recognition tools for the data processing has been applied for the analysis of Italian produced mineral waters and dry red wines. The electronic tongue appeared to be capable to distinguish between different sorts of mineral waters, between contaminated by organic matter waters and pure ones and between Barbera wine samples of the same denomination but from different vineyards. Simultaneously with qualitative recognition, quantitative determination of some components in the water and the wine has been performed. The electronic tongue can be highly valuable in food quality control.
Evaluation of the feeding value of two tropical cereal straws, maize stover, rice straw and their botanical fractions by nylon and mobile bag technique

Degradability characteristics of dry matter (DM), protein free DM (PFDM) and nitrogen (N) were estimated in maize stover, rice straw and their botanical fractions using the nylon bag technique. True intestinal digestibility of the intact feed protein (TID) was also estimated using the mobile bag technique. The results indicated that cereal straws and their botanical fractions have substantial variation in the extent and rate at which DM, PFDM and N were degraded in the rumen. The protein values of Total amino acid absorbed from the small intestine (AAT) , Protein balance in the rumen (PB) and TID ranged from 49 to 81 g kg-1DM, in PBV from –89 to – 61 g kg-1 DM and TID of 34 to 69 percent DM in both straws and their botanical fractions. The predicted dry matter intake (DMI) value for whole maize stover was slightly higher (5.2 kg DM d-1) than whole rice straw (4.9 kg DM d-1). High variations (4.5 to 6.1 kg DM d-1 for maize stover and 4.5 to 5.7 kg DM d-1 for rice straw) were observed within the two cereal straw botanical fractions. It was concluded that the two cereal straws are of very low feeding value and to increase their production potential improvement method strategies like chemical treatment and/or supplementation are inevitable.
Improvement of conventional electret motors

Improved Gubkin- and Jefimenko-type electret motors, where the electrets are not shielded and are not required to have mechanical strength, were designed and produced. Their rotors were constructed using Teflon FEP film electrets and metal disks. An intermediate type electret motor was produced to complete the family of electret motors. An experimental torque close to the theoretical value for each type of motor is obtained. In a Jefimenko-type motor the maximum value of the experimental torque is 38 mu N-m when the applied DC voltage is 2000 V. Each type of motor has been run synchronously with a square wave voltage. The Jefimenko-type motor had the highest rotation rate. The upper limit was 1260 rpm when the peak voltage of the square wave was 1400 V. None of the motors dealt with in this study can be started, nor can their rotational direction be changed by applied voltage only. However, it is suggested that an electret motor consisting of a stator and a rotor having different number of poles could be controlled by applied voltage only. >
Enhanced Blue Green Emission of ZnO Nanorods Grown by Hydrothermal Method

In this paper, we report enhanced blue green emission of hexagonal shaped ZnO nanorods (NRS) grown via a simple hydrothermal method and silica coated then by using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The composition and structural characteristic of the prepared samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM-EDAX). The results revealed well crystallized hexagonal structure possessing a perfect and ideal growth habits of wurtzite zinc oxide grown along the [00 direction in preference in both the cases. Optical properties and quality of the prepared ZnO and silica coated ZnO nanorods were examined by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra were used to study ZnO and silica coated ZnO nanorod electronic structure, which resulted in an obvious enhanced blue-green emission for ZnO nanorod and an intense red emission with a very low UV intensity for the silica coated nanorods. Appearance of intense red emission seems to be very promising since and it could favor more reliable fluorescence sensing in drug delivery fluorescent detection with a minor UV emission.
Perancangan Aplikasi Laporan Kinerja Program Studi - Akreditasi Program Studi (LKPS-APS) di Universitas Medan Area

Universitas Medan Area (UMA) merupakan salah satu perguruan tinggi swasta tertua di sumatera utara, yang didirikan oleh Haji Agus Salim Siregar pada tahun 1983. Rektor pada tahun 2018 adalah Prof. Dr. Dadan Ramdan, M.Sc., M.Eng. UMA telah lama dikenal oleh masyarakat luas sebagai universitas dengan kuat dalam mengabdi kepada bangsa dan negara. Dalam perkembangan saat ini UMA telah banyak memiliki program studi sejumlah 16 Prodi baik Sarjana, Magister dan Doktor. Universitas medan area juga termasuk aktif dalam mengembangkan aplikasi sistem informasi dalam mempermudahkan dosen dan pegawai dalam pengumpulan dokumen baik itu sistem RPS, RKTS, EKTS dan lain sebagainya. Namun seringkali ketika sebuah prodi akan melakukan akreditasi banyak dokumen dan pengisian daftar borang akreditasi sulit dikumpulkan dan diselesaikan karena rutinitas tridarma para dosen sehingga waktu untuk melakukan pengarjaan bersama baik rapat dan lainnya sangat jarang bisa dilakukan. Dengan program PKM DIYA yang di berikan oleh UMA tulisan ini menjelaskan sebuah rancangan aplikasi sistem informasi untuk pengumpulan, pengisian berkas dan barang bukti dokumen Laporan Kinerja Prodi - Akreditas Program Studi (LKPS-APS) dengan mengikuti IAPS 4.0 integrasi 9 Kriteria Standart yang membantu dan mempermudah proses akreditasi Prodi nantinya di Universitas Medan Area.
Sex effects and phenotypic correlation among growth traits in America standard Chinchilla rabbits in Southwest Nigeria

Data on body weight and linear body measurements collected from 101 America Standard Chinchilla rabbits comprised of 62 females and 39 males at eight weeks were used to determine the effect of sex and phenotypic correlations among the growth traits. The estimates were statistically (p<0.05) higher in the female compared with male in virtually all the traits considered except in the fore arm length. The values for body weight, body length, ear length, tail length, fore arm length, heart girth and abdominal circumference for females were 1.19 kg, 31.97 cm, 10.67 cm, 9.89 cm, 15.61 cm, 21.61 cm and 23.75 cm, respectively while the corresponding values for males were 0.88 kg, 28.00 cm, 10.44 cm, 8.95 cm, 14.74 cm, 19.62 cm and 21.67 cm. The correlation between body weight and the linear body measurements was positively significant (p<0.05 and p<0.001) and ranged between 0.301 and 0.951 in males while in females positive and significant correlations were found between body weight and body length (0.831), tail length (0.184), heart girth (0.788) and abdominal circumference (0.719). The correlations among the linear body measurements in the males ranged between 0.108 and 0.951 while in females it ranged between -0.235 and 0.681. The positive relationships between body weight and linear body measurements can be used as basis for body weight selection in both male and female rabbits Keywords: Rabbits, sex, growth traits, phenotypic correlation
Drift velocity and longitudinal diffusion coefficient of electrons in nitrogen and carbon monoxide

The double-shutter drift tube with variable drift distance was used to measure the drift velocity and the longitudinal diffusion coefficient of electrons in nitrogen and carbon monoxide over the range of E/N from 0.3 to 300 Td at room temperature. Overall agreement between the present longitudinal diffusion coefficients and the theoretical values given by Lowke and Parker in either gas was good, although partial deviations between them suggested possible inadequacy in our knowledge of the electron-collision cross sections of these molecules.
Epitaxial growth of TiSe2 thin films on Se‐terminated GaAs(111)B

Epitaxial growth of TiSe2 films on Se‐terminated GaAs(111)B substrates were carried out at different growth temperature by molecular beam epitaxy. Grown films have been investigated by reflection high energy electron diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, and measurements of resistivity parallel to the surface. TiSe2 epitaxial films have been obtained at various temperatures, but the optimum growth temperature was determined to be 400 °C. A charge density wave transition has been observed in the resistivity of the film grown at 400 °C, indicating that it has a good quality comparable to a bulk single crystal.
Electroanalytical Flow Measurements–Recent Advances

As general trends in current development of chemical analysis, including electroanalysis, one can indicate a search for methods fast and multianalyte, for miniaturized measuring devices, mechanization and automation of analytical processes. In all these trends a significant role is played by measurements in flow conditions. The major advantage of flow electroanalysis is a possibility of utilizing a kinetic discrimination in potentiometric measurements and enhancement of mass transport in voltammetric techniques. Flow injection techniques provide shortening of time of a single analytical determination due to reproducible use of transient signal from the detector without need of obtaining a steady-state equilibrium signal. Electrochemical detection in HPLC gives often improved selectivity and detection limit for electroactive solutes, whereas in capillary electrophoresis it allows a convenient design of portable, integrated chips for field application. This review presents state-of-the -art of flow electroanalysis based on 226 cited literature references
Nucleation effects of α-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes on the crystallization behavior of biodegradable poly(1,4-butylene adipate)

This study examined the polymorphic crystallization behavior of poly(1,4-butylene adipate) (PBA) with the addition of nucleation agents such as the α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) inclusion complex (IC) of PBA (PBAIC) and the IC of poly(e-caprolactone) (PCLIC). The formation of PBAIC and PCLIC was characterized by 1H NMR, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and WAXD results suggest that some of the PBA segments remained outside the α-CD cavities even after the formation of ICs with α-CD. WAXD investigation also confirmed that the ICs had a channel structure. The DSC and polarized optical microscopy (POM) results showed the ICs to exhibit nucleation effects on the crystallization and polymorphic behavior of the PBA. The cooling rate played a significant role in the polymorphic crystallization behavior of the pure PBA. Thus, when the cooling rate was decreased, the crystal structures changed from β to α-form and vice versa. The blending of a nucleating agent with the PBA led to higher crystallization temperatures, thus favoring the nucleation of the α-form crystal of PBA rather than pure PBA. The nucleating activity of the PCLIC during the crystallization of the PBA was higher than that of PBAIC.
Syntheses, crystal structures, and fluorescent properties of two 2-D Cd(II) complexes based on 2-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzimidazole and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate

Two complexes formulated as {[Cd(btec)0.5(tmb)H2O]·4H2O}n (1) and {[Cd(H2btec)(tmb)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (2) (H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, tmb = 2-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Single crystal X-ray diffraction shows that 1 has a 2-D layer structure in which tmb bridges and all of the carboxylates from 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate chelate. In 2 Cd(II) ions are bridged by monodentate carboxylates leading to a 2-D layer structure with all tmb ligands coordinated monodentate to Cd(II), hanging at two sides of the layers. Complexes 1 and 2 are further extended to 3-D supramolecular structures by hydrogen bonding interactions. Luminescent properties have been investigated in the solid state at room temperature.
Triterpenos isolados de Eschweilera longipes miers (Lecythidaceae)

The phytochemical studies of Eschweilera longipes have led to the identification of ten triterpenoids: fridelin, fridelinol, a-amirin, b-amirin, 3b-O-cinamoyl-a-amirin, 3b-O-cinamoyl-b-amirin, a-amirenone, b-amirenone, 3-a-hidroxi-lupeol, 3-a-hidroxi-taraxasterol, along with b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, a -tocopherol and tocotrienol. The structures of these compounds were identified by analysis of IR, 1H and 13C NMR data and comparison with values of literature.
Development and Assessment of a Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Fractionation of Soil Cadmium

Extraction efficiency, reagent specificity and selectivity, and element redistribution are potential problems with trace element fractionation by sequential extraction. As part of a larger study of Cd reactivity in soils, the authors optimized a sequential extraction procedure for accurate, reproducible Cd fractionation using four soil samples and two soil standard reference materials diverse in Cd source, physico-chemical properties, and total extractable Cd. Cadmium was partitioned into five operationally defined fractions: 0.1 M Sr(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} (F1, soluble-exchangeable); 1 M Na acetate, pH 5.0 (F2, sorbed-carbonate); 5% NaOCI, pH 8.5 (F3, oxidizable); 0.4 M oxalate + 0.1 M adsorbate (F4, reducible); and 3 HNO{sub 3}:1 HCl (F5, residual). By repeating treatments at F1, F3, F4, and F5, the authors maximized the amount of Cd released for these respective steps. Supernatant pH was used to evaluate carbonate dissolution at F2. Multi-element analyses were used to assess reagent specificity/selectivity. Cd redistribution was estimated by extraction with Pb acetate. Reagent specificity and selectivity were good, suggesting the dissolution of major components at target phases (e.g., high Ca in F2). In general, redistribution was minimal ({le}3%), but reached 12% for F3 of the sludge-amended soil. Quantitative, reproducible recovery of Cd was obtained across all samplesmore » and averaged 11, 32, 40, 8, and 6% Cd{sub T} in the respective five fractions. Fractionation trends reflect the Cd sources and physicochemical properties of the samples with Cd being dominant in F3 for soils high in organic matter or contaminated by metal sulfides. « less