Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Output Feedback Stabilization for Uncertain Discrete-Time Fuzzy Markovian Jump Systems With Time-Varying Delays

This paper provides a delay-dependent approach to the design of fuzzy dynamic output feedback controllers for uncertain discrete-time fuzzy Markovian jump systems with interval time-varying delays. First, by a fuzzy-basis-dependent and mode-dependent Lyapunov functional, a stochastic stability condition is derived by using the Finsler's lemma. Second, in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), a delay-dependent sufficient condition is presented, under which there exists a fuzzy output feedback controller such that the resulting closed-loop system is robustly stochastically stable. A desired controller can be constructed when these LMIs are feasible. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed design method is demonstrated by a simulation example.
Integrating Coreference Resolution for BEL Statement Generation

We describe a pipeline system that automatically generates Biological Expression Language (BEL) statements from biomedical jour- nal articles. The system incorporates existing systems for coreference resolution, event extraction, and BEL statement generation. While ad- dressing the BEL track (Track 4) at BioCreative V (2015), we also in- vestigate how incorporating coreference resolution might impact event extraction in the biomedical domain. In this paper, we report that our results evaluated on the training dataset show benet from integrating a coreference resolution with event extraction.
Explantation of an atrial septal occluder device in a patient with nickel hypersensitivity.

sive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123: 1788-830. [CrossRef] 2. Rose PS, Punjabi NM, Pearse DB. Treatment of right heart thromboemboli. Chest 2002; 121: 806-14. [CrossRef] 3. Özkan M, Gündüz S, Biteker M, Astarcıoğlu MA, Çevik C, Kaynak E, et al. Comparison of different TEE-guided thrombolytic regimens for prosthetic valve thrombosis: The TROIA Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 6: 206-16. [CrossRef] 4. Özkan M, Çakal B, Karakoyun S, Gürsoy OM, Çevik C, Kalçık M, et al. Thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of prosthetic heart valve thrombosis in pregnancy with low-dose, slow infusion of tissue-type plasminogen activator. Circulation 2013; 128: 532-40. [CrossRef] 5. Yıldız M, Karakoyun S, Acar RD, Özkan M. Effectiveness of low-dose prolonged infusion of tissue plasminogen activator in a nonagenarian patient with acute pulmonary embolism and main pulm onary artery thrombus. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2013; 24: 95-6. [CrossRef]
Collaborative venture capital activity in the London metropolitan region: entrepreneurial capacity building through corporate partnering?

Venture capital firms are collaborative and location specific actors. A significant source of specialised factor inputs (knowledge, expertise, resources, and finance) for investing in new high tech companies are large corporations, making them potentially complementary partners for independent venture capital firms in collaborations from which considerable value adding capacity might be derived. Employing a qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews with 30 London based technology oriented venture capital firm, this study (1) captures and explains the how, why, and under what circumstances do venture capital firms collaborate with large corporations and their corporate venturing divisions, and (2) the role that geographic proximity plays in facilitating this collaboration. Using a cross sector comparison, the core of the research inquires as to the structures employed, and the motivations and conditions for which this collaborative activity is pursued. In addition, it assesses the facilitating role that geographic proximity, and the opportunities and capacities of the London metropolitan region might play. The findings demonstrate that collaboration between venture capital firms and large corporations is increasingly common, but more formal collaborative structures are the exception. Driving this collaboration is the exchange of complementary knowledge for purposes of better investment selection and for improving options for investment exit. Geographic proximity plays a facilitating role and is particularly important during the investment selection phase. While the significance of co-location is somewhat downplayed, collaboration is indirectly facilitated through the innovation capacities and the opportunities for network interaction and international knowledge exchange which the London metropolitan region offers.
ON : ENHANCED RECOVERY An orthopaedic enhanced recovery pathway

The use of enhanced recovery pathways within elective surgery has increased in recent years but uptake outside of specialist centres is still slow, despite the growing evidence base to support their introduction. This article will briefly outline what is meant by an enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) and outline the central characteristics and features which make up an ERP. The procedural details and results of an orthopaedic ERP which has been used in 2391 consecutive hip and knee joint replacement patients at a NHS district general hospital within the United Kingdom will then be outlined. The results of this unit illustrate that when a standardised, multi-disciplinary pathway is implemented and managed correctly, dramatic reductions to length of stay can be achieved. In combination, high levels of both staff and patient satisfaction are achieved along with good clinical outcomes. It is proposed that if such ways of working are implemented in other hospitals major economic and capacity savings could be realised at the same time as improving patient care. 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 79 80 E
Linear-linear basis functions for source reconstruction using magnetic-field integral equations in very-near-field measurements

Linear-Linear (LL) basis functions are used to solve magnetic-field integral equation (MFIE) in the planar very-near-field measurement of the antennas and reconstruct the equivalent currents. Such choice reduces the inaccuracy in comparing to Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions. This method is obtained with a slight change in existing RWG based codes.
Metformin use and mortality among patients with diabetes and atherothrombosis.

BACKGROUND Metformin is recommended in type 2 diabetes mellitus because it reduced mortality among overweight participants in the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study when used mainly as a means of primary prevention. However, metformin is often not considered in patients with cardiovascular conditions because of concerns about its safety. METHODS We assessed whether metformin use was associated with a difference in mortality among patients with atherothrombosis. The study sample comprised 19 691 patients having diabetes with established atherothrombosis participating in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry between December 1, 2003, and December 31, 2004, treated with or without metformin. Multivariable adjustment and propensity score were used to account for baseline differences. The main outcome measure was 2-year mortality. RESULTS The mortality rates were 6.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.2%-7.4%) with metformin and 9.8% 8.4%-11.2%) without metformin; the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.76 (0.65-0.89; P < .001). Association with lower mortality was consistent among subgroups, noticeably in patients with a history of congestive heart failure (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54-0.90; P = .006), patients older than 65 years (0.77; 0.62-0.95; P = .02), and patients with an estimated creatinine clearance of 30 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.86; P = .003) (to convert creatinine clearance to mL/s/m(2), multiply by 0.0167). CONCLUSIONS Metformin use may decrease mortality among patients with diabetes when used as a means of secondary prevention, including subsets of patients in whom metformin use is not now recommended. Metformin use should be tested prospectively in this population to confirm its effect on survival.
Shot Noise Suppression in Single Electron Transistors

Shot noise in a single electron transistor coupled to a dissipative environment is studied. The evolution of the charging process is modeled using classical circuit equations. The distribution of time between tunnel events in the presence of series coupling resistances is derived and used in modeling the stochastic tunneling processes. It is shown that resistive series elements result in a suppression of the Fano factor, below the theoretical 0.5 limit.
Endotoxin increases both protein and fluid microvascular permeability in cat skeletal muscle

ObjectiveTo evaluate effects of lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on protein and fluid permeability in a whole organ skeletal muscle preparation. DesignControlled, prospective laboratory study. SettingUniversity research laboratory. SubjectsEleven adult male cats. InterventionsThe study was performed on the autoperfused and denervated calf muscles of the cat hindlimb placed in a fluid-filled plethysmograph. The endotoxin-induced change in the osmotic reflection coefficient for albumin was used as a measure of alteration in protein permeability of the microvascular wall, and the simultaneous change in capillary filtration coefficient was used as a measure of alteration in fluid permeability. Endotoxin as a bolus infusion (1 mg/kg iv) was given to six cats, and another five cats given only the vehicle (NaCl) were used as control. Measurements and Main ResultsArterial blood flow, arterial and venous blood pressures, total vascular resistance, and tissue volume changes were measured continuously. The ratio between the osmotic reflection coefficients for albumin on two occasions (before and about 1.5 hr after endotoxin infusion) was calculated from the Starling fluid equilibrium equation. This was performed by measurement of the maximum absorption rate from an isovolumetric state by an intravenous bolus infusion of 20% human albumin (0.6 g/kg) and the capillary filtration coefficient. Albumin concentrations were measured before and after the albumin infusion to correct for effects of difference in plasma volume on the induced increase in colloid osmotic pressure. We found that the osmotic reflection coefficient for albumin was reduced by 30% (p < .05), and the capillary filtration coefficient was increased by 31% (p < .05) by endotoxin. No changes were seen in the vehicle experiments. ConclusionEndotoxin causes a significant increase in both protein and fluid microvascular wall permeability. These effects may explain the marked leakage of plasma to the interstitium that is often seen in critically ill patients with sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
The determinants of audit fees: evidence from the charity sector

Given the growing demand for accountability in the public sector, there is a need to begin to investigate audit pricing issues in this sector. This study makes three contributions. First, it develops and estimates, for the first time, a model of audit fee determinants for the charity sector. As in previous private sector company studies, size, organisational complexity and audit firm location are the major determinants. A positive association between audit fees and fees for non-audit services is also observed. Charity sector factors of empirical significance include the nature of the charity (i.e., grant-making or fund-raising), its area of activity and the importance of trading income. Separate models for grant-making and fund-raising charities reflect the relative complexity of the audit of fund-raising charities. Second, the lower auditor concentration in the charity sector market, compared to the private sector market, permits a more powerful test of whether large firms and/or auditor expertise are rewarded with a fee premium. In the more complex audit environment of fund-raising charities, the results show that Big Six audit firms receive higher audit fees (18.5%, on average) than non-Big Six firms. Also, non-Big Six audit firms with charity expertise are rewarded with a fee premium over other non-Big Six firms. Finally, the study demonstrates that the charity audit fee rate is significantly lower than that of private sector companies; in fact it is approximately half. A change in the reporting of charity audit fees is proposed to reflect any element of ‘charitable giving’ by the audit firm.
In vivo and In vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Indazole and Its Derivatives.

INTRODUCTION The inflammatory response is closely intertwined with the process of repair. However in some diseases the inflammatory response may be exaggerated and sustained without apparent benefit and even with severe adverse complications. For decades, we have been primarily relying upon Nonsteroidal (NSAID) and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents for management of various inflammatory conditions. However, adverse effects of these drugs are severe which often leads to patient's non-compliance with inadequate relief. Therefore, there has been a constant pursuit to develop newer anti - inflammatory treatment with fewer side effects. AIM The study was designed to investigate the possible anti- inflammatory activity of indazole, its derivatives and to further investigate the possible cellular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carrageenan induced hind paw oedema in rats was employed to study the acute anti-inflammatory activity of indazole and its derivatives. Further, the role of cyclooxygenase - 2, pro-inflammatory cytokines like Tumour Necrosis Factor - α, Interleukin - 1β and free radical scavenging activity (LPO, DPPH and NO) in the action of indazole and its derivatives was investigated using in vitro assays. RESULTS SPSS version 16.0 software was used for analyse the anti-inflamatory data. The IC50 values of indazole and its derivatives obtained in in vitro experiments were calculated by linear regression analysis. Indazole and its derivatives significantly, dose dependently and time dependently inhibited carrageenan induced hind paw oedema. In addition, the test compounds inhibited cyclooxygenase-2, pro-inflammatory cytokines and free radicals in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION The results of the present study revealed the potential anti-inflammatory action of investigated indazoles. The inhibition of cyclooxygenase -2, cytokines and free radicals may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effect of the test compounds.
The Association between Firm-Specific Characteristics and Financial Information Disclosure Levels: A Study of Rural Banks in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of firm-specific characteristics which include firm size, profitability, debt equity ratio, liquidity and audit firm size on voluntary disclosure level of rural banks in the Ashanti region of Ghana.Descriptive analysis was performed to provide the background statistics of the variables examined. This was followed by regression analysis which forms the main data analysis. The results indicate that profitability represented by Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) is positively related to the disclosure level. Whilst Debt equity ratio, liquidity, firm size and audit firm size were insignificantly related to the disclosure level.
Handbook on Systemic Risk: Counterparty Contagion in Context: Contributions to Systemic Risk

This article surveys models of counterparty contagion and their application in systemic risk management, emphasizing the network of counterparty relationships. It addresses how counterparty contagion contributes to systemic risk in combination with other sources of risk, and d how models of counterparty contagion can be used to attribute systemic risk to participants in the financial system. The article discusses challenges and possible progress to be made in modeling the counterparty network and the dynamics of the financial system.
Why regular buyers of organic food still buy many conventional products

Purpose – The sales volume of organic food products in Germany has been increasing consistently over recent years, yet only a small number of households is responsible for the majority of organic purchases. Even these so-called “regular” organic food buyers spend, on average, less than half of their budget on organic products. The present study aims to analyse the reasons why these consumers do not purchase particular products in organic quality, in order to uncover product gaps and purchase barriers. Design/methodology/approach – The investigation is based on computer-aided, personal interviews among regular organic food buyers, which were conducted in retail and organic food stores across Germany. Altogether, 817 interviews were carried out. To minimize regional variation in the data-set, stores were selected from north, south, west and east Germany in equal proportions. Findings – The most important reasons for not purchasing organic products among regular organic food consumers were price, insufficien.
Protection against unauthorized access and computer crime in Norwegian enterprises

Computer Crime Surveys are important inputs to management and authorities, providing information on the national IT security status. Such measurement instruments are increasingly valuable as more and more enterprises become critically dependent on IT and the Internet. The article presents a selection of findings from the Norwegian Computer Crime and Security Survey 2006 and discusses strengths and weaknesses of the survey. The survey reveals that next to malware infection and theft of IT equipment, hacking is the most commonly reported computer crime incident. The findings also document that there are large differences in security practices between large and small enterprises, even when it comes to measures one would have thought that all enterprises independent of size would have implemented. This practice may put small enterprises in a position of high risk. This is also worrying in a national context as small enterprises make up the majority of the total number of enterprises. Similar to previous surveys, the 2006 survey shows that the number of reported computer crime incidents is low because of weak detection mechanisms. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the 2006 survey is conducted to review improvements of the survey as a measurement tool.
The Rectilinear Steiner Tree Problem is NP Complete

An optimum rectilinear Steiner tree for a set A of points in the plane is a tree which interconnects A using horizontal and vertical lines of shortest possible total length. Such trees correspond to single net wiring patterns on printed backplanes which minimize total wire length. We show that the problem of determining this minimum length, given A, is NP-complete. Thus the problem of finding optimum rectilinear Steiner trees is probably computationally hopeless, and the emphasis of the literature for this problem on heuristics and special case algorithms is well justified. A number of intermediary lemmas concerning the NP-completeness of certain graph-theoretic problems are proved and may be of independent interest.
Sonographic Features of the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sonographic findings of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) and to assess the role of preoperative fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Methods. The sonographic findings of 27 thyroid nodules in 26 patients (2 male and 24 female; mean age, 45 years) with surgically proven FVPTC were reviewed retrospectively. Findings were categorized according to the echogenicity, margin, shape, and presence of microcalcifications. Malignant findings included marked hypoechogenicity, irregular or microlobulated margins, a taller‐than‐wide shape, and microcalcifications. Thyroid nodules with a single malignant finding as described above were classified as malignant. All patients underwent sonographically guided FNAB, and the sensitivity of the cytologic results was calculated. Results. Lesion sizes varied from 3 to 34 mm (mean, 15.2 mm), and lesions were most commonly solid (23 [85.2%]), hypoechoic (14 [51.9%]), and oval (17 [63%]) with well‐defined margins (14 [51.9%]) and no microcalcifications (23 [85.2%]). Eighteen lesions (66.7%) were correctly classified as malignant, whereas 9 (33.3%) were classified as benign on the basis of sonographic criteria. Twenty‐four samples were adequate for cytologic examination, and 3 were inadequate. Twenty‐one of 24 diagnostic cytologic results (87.5%) were suspicious for papillary carcinoma (5 of 21 [20.8%]) or malignant (16 of 21 [66.7%]), whereas 3 lesions (12.5%) had benign results. The sensitivity of FNAB was 77.8% (21 of 27). Conclusions. The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma tends to have relatively benign sonographic features, such as hypoechogenicity, well‐defined margins, an oval shape, and no microcalcifications, but most lesions were correctly classified as malignant by both sonography and FNAB. The possibility of FVPTC should be considered when thyroid nodules with a relatively benign sonographic appearance have suspicious or malignant FNAB results
Management of the neonate at the limits of viability

The active treatment of fetuses or neonates at the limits of viability is an ongoing debate for perinatal physicians. Although initiating intensive care at 26 weeks is generally accepted, the gray zone of gestational ages at which aggressive perinatal care should be offered is less clear and ranges from 22 to 25 weeks. The gray zone has remained rather unchanged over the last decade. Attitudes vary among different countries, centres and individuals. The benefit–burden ratio of neonatal intensive care is balanced differently according to competing moral values. Several factors underlie the difficulty in approaches to management decisions. Neonates lack the capacity to make decisions and most parents ignore the complexity of care during and after hospitalisation. Parents have to be informed about the survival rates and the risks of long term disabilities, but accuracy for each individual baby is very weak. Outcome data are published many years after the intensive care period, and results about the prevalence of severe disabilities over time are conflicting and vary widely (ranging from 10% to 60%). Information about more subtle disabilities which only become apparent around school age is scarce. Data on the impact of the longer term outcomes of new strategies like developmental care approaches (Neonatal Individual Developmental Care Assessment Programme: NIDCAP) are still insufficient but could prove to be an important recent step in improving outcome in extremely immature babies.
Modeling and Computation of Losses in Conductors and Magnetic Cores of a Large Air Gap Transformer Dedicated to Contactless Energy Transfer

This paper focuses on the study of the losses in conductors and magnetic cores of a large air gap transformer dedicated to contactless energy transfer. It is composed of two E -shaped cores and two windings. In order to estimate the losses, homogenization method and three-dimensional finite-element method (3D-FEM) have been used. Indeed, the equivalent complex properties of the windings composed of Litz wire, and magnetic core in ferrite have been calculated from homogenization method. Then, they have been implemented in 3D-FEM simulations to compute copper and iron losses with accuracy and by considering working condition of the magnetic component. Theoretical approach is validated by experimental results for a prototype of 1.6 kW-100 kHz.