Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Klein's suffocation theory of panic.

In a recent stimulating article, Dr Klein 1 (p306) boldly proposed that "many spontaneous panics occur when the brain's suffocation monitor erroneously signals a lack of useful air, thereby maladaptively triggering an evolved suffocation alarm system. " Klein postulated that this is a physiological mechanism and that spontaneous panic attacks occur when the suffocation alarm threshold is pathologically lowered, or when psychosocial cues to suffocation are particularly salient. The theory spans a wide range of phenomena, although its primary focus is on spontaneous panic attacks. We investigated the theory's main assumption that suffocation alarm hypersensitivity is a risk factor for panic disorder. Alarm hypersensitivity was operationalized by a recently developed measure of suffocation fear, 2 which we administered to a sample of 179 university students. The sample's mean age was 20 years and two thirds were women. We reasoned that people with hypersensitive alarms are more likely to have their
Bone Disease in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Increased Bone Resorption and Turnover in the Absence of Osteoporosis or Osteomalacia

The role of vitamin D in hepatic osteodystrophy was examined. Eleven unselected patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) were assessed for disorders of mineral and vitamin D metabolism. Six were not receiving supplementary vitamin D, and five were being treated with oral vitamin D (50,000 IU daily). Serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D were normal in all patients receiving oral therapy and in 4 of 6 untreated patients. Levels of serum 1,25‐dihydroxy vitamin D and 24,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D were normal or near normal in all patients. Studies were repeated after 6 months of therapy with parenteral vitamin D2 (100,000 IU i.m. monthly) in 7 patients. Initial bone histomorphometry revealed no evidence of osteomalacia or osteoporosis. However, the bone resorption surface of trabecular bone was increased. This abnormality was no longer present on repeat bone biopsies obtained after parenteral vitamin D therapy, and bone formation had decreased. In addition, trabecular bone volume remained normal in the face of the lower rate of bone formation. Increased bone resorption surface in the absence of osteoporosis or osteomalacia has not been previously described in PBC. Improvement in this bone parameter, associated with the finding of a decrease in the formation of bone and in hydroxyproline excretion in urine after parenteral vitamin D, suggests that increased turnover may be an early feature of the bone disease which complicates PBC and that parenteral vitamin D may retard the rate at which hepatic osteodystrophy develops in chronic cholestatic liver disease.
STABILITY OF SYNAPTOSOMAL GABA LEVELS AND THEIR USE IN DETERMINING THE IN VIVO EFFECTS OF DRUGS: CONVULSANT AGENTS

—The stability of the GABA content of synaptosomal‐enriched fractions was evaluated by two approaches. Firstly, the addition of 10−3m‐aminooxyacetic acid to the homogenizing medium totally inhibited the GABA‐degrading enzyme in the fractions but did not affect the GABA levels. This indicated that GABA was not being metabolized during the normal preparation of the synaptosomal‐enriched fraction. Secondly, when synaptosomal‐enriched fractions were re‐fractionated by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, the GABA contents of the fractions before and after the second fractionation were very similar provided they were expressed on a per mg protein basis. It was therefore concluded that the GABA content of the organelles was not subject to change during the fractionation procedures. On the basis of these findings and others it was suggested that the synaptosomal‐enriched fraction could be used as a model to evaluate drug‐induced changes in GABA levels in nerve endings. In vivo experimentation indicated that the convulsant agents hydrazine, isonicotinic acid hydrazide and aminooxyacetic acid brought about similar decreases in the GABA content of the synaptosomal‐enriched fractions prepared from tissue at the onset of seizures despite the fact that no correlation was observed between seizure activity and whole brain GABA levels.
Special Issue: 3D Printing for Biomedical Engineering

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has a long history of applications in biomedical engineering. The development and expansion of traditional biomedical applications are being advanced and enriched by new printing technologies. New biomedical applications such as bioprinting are highly attractive and trendy. This Special Issue aims to provide readers with a glimpse of the recent profile of 3D printing in biomedical research.
A 100 W tri-band LDMOS integrated Doherty amplifier for LTE-advanced applications

A Doherty amplifier architecture with integrated input splitter and output combiner, allowing bandwidth extension, is described. Based on this approach, a very compact 100W symmetrical LDMOS Doherty amplifier has been designed and characterized in the 1.805 to 2.17 GHz frequency band. It can achieve 15.9 dB maximum gain, 46 to 48 % back-off efficiency and can be linearized at -59.3 dBc ACPR level with a 10 MHz wide LTE signal. The fabricated amplifier is 50 × 50 mm2.
High-Efficiency Elliptical Slot Antennas With Quartz Superstrates for Silicon RFICs

To increase the efficiency of on-chip patch and slot antennas, a single-layer superstrate is proposed. An analytical model to calculate the radiation efficiency is presented, and a detailed design approach is described. This antenna was implemented at W-band in the IBM CMOS8RF (0.13 $\mu {\rm m}$) process. The measured antenna results in a 3.9% impedance bandwidth, an efficiency of 30%, and a gain of 0.7 dBi at 89 GHz, which agrees well with simulations. The gain improvement with a quarter-wave superstrate is experimentally demonstrated to be 6.4 dB, representing a substantial improvement over traditional on-chip patch and slot antennas.
Uso de dispositivos móviles como herramientas para aprender

Esta investigacion fue disenada para explorar las experiencias de aprendizaje de cuarenta y cinco estudiantes de tres programas de posgrado de tres universidades mexicanas, quienes utilizaron sus dispositivos moviles para realizar sus actividades de estudio en una plataforma e-learning. Este estudio se centro en como los estudiantes percibieron el uso de dispositivos moviles para construir su experiencia de aprendizaje desde cualquier lugar. En la investigacion se utilizo un enfoque cualitativo con estudio de casos multiples en el que se documentaron las experiencias de los estudiantes. Se identificaron tres aspectos basicos: a) los estudiantes valoraron la portabilidad del movil para lograr el aprendizaje, b) experimentaron sentimientos de confort y eliminacion de estres al poder acceder desde cualquier sitio a la plataforma y c) reconocieron el potencial de la tecnologia movil para alcanzar sus metas de aprendizaje.
Bulk and Interfacial Oxygen Defects in HfO 2 Gate Dielectric Stacks : A Critical Assessment

Oxygen-related point defects can provide fixed charge or act as charge trapping centers in high-k gate stacks and, therefore, their origins and properties are of great interest. In this paper, reported experimental and theoretical results related to oxygen defects in HfO2 gate dielectrics are reviewed critically to assess the relative importance of different defect species in terms of their electrical activity and their contributions to important kinetic processes. In addition to point defects in the “bulk” of HfO2 thin films, defects resulting from differences in oxygen coordination across the internal hafnium oxide/silicon oxide interface are considered.
Letter to the Editor: The ezetimibe ‘controversy' is a misunderstanding

The recent review of the ezetimibe ‘controversy’ [1] adds to the important misunderstanding of this issue. The author cites two papers as ‘evidence’ that ezetimibe raises small dense lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL), particles in the short term, and calls for longer-term studies. However, one of the papers cited (Rizzo et al., reference 59) only speculated about small-dense LDL, and the other (Berneis et al., reference 60) was only a 14-day study. A six-week study showed [2] that ezetimibe with or without simvastatin reduced small-dense LDL. The notion that ezetimibe may be harmful to the arteries arose from two studies cited in the paper (ENHANCE, reference 46, and ARBITER, reference 39) that failed to show reduction of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) despite lowering of LDL cholesterol. Intima-media thickness is not atherosclerosis; it is a different phenotype. Carotid stenosis, plaque and IMT are all different, both biologically and genetically, and must be distinguished from each other. This can be seen by multiple regression analysis with carotid stenosis, IMT, plaque area or plaque volume as the dependent variable, with coronary risk factors as predictors. The proportion of explained variance (R) for plaque area or plaque volume is 50 -52% for plaque area or volume, 15 -17% for IMT and only 13% for stenosis [3]. For assessing effects of therapy on atherosclerosis, it is necessary to measure carotid plaque area or volume [4]. Indeed, we found that in patients whose plaque was progressing despite statin therapy that was limited by symptoms such as myalgia, addition of ezetimibe resulted in regression of carotid plaque [5]. In my view, this issue is a misunderstanding, not a controversy.
New developments in optical coherence tomography for glaucoma

Purpose of review Structural imaging is becoming a powerful adjunct for the diagnosis and progression of glaucoma. There are several competing technologies in this arena. Optical coherence tomography continues to evolve at a fast pace, so it can be challenging to keep up with the latest information. This review covers the recent papers relevant to optical coherence tomography for glaucoma. Recent findings Retinal nerve fiber layer imaging by optical coherence tomography is reliable. Age, ethnicity, axial length and optic disc size can affect the machine's normative range. Scan quality can be affected by movement, media opacities, myopia and severity of disease. The sensitivity and specificity are variable across multiple studies. Despite this, the technology is beginning to help us understand the structure–function relationship in glaucoma. Summary The next generation optical coherence tomography is around the corner. By understanding the current strengths and limitations of this advancing technology, one can better assess its use in clinical practice.
Cortical integration in the visual system of the macaque monkey: large-scale morphological differences in the pyramidal neurons in the occipital, parietal and temporal lobes

Layer III pyramidal neurons were injected with Lucifer yellow in tangential cortical slices taken from the inferior temporal cortex (area TE) and the superior temporal polysensory (STP) area of the macaque monkey. Basal dendritic field areas of layer III pyramidal neurons in area STP are significantly larger, and their dendritic arborizations more complex, than those of cells in area TE. Moreover, the dendritic fields of layer III pyramidal neurons in both STP and TE are many times larger and more complex than those in areas forming ‘lower’ stages in cortical visual processing, such as the first (V1), second (V2), fourth (V4) and middle temporal (MT) visual areas. By combining data on spine density with those of Sholl analyses, we were able to estimate the average number of spines in the basal dendritic field of layer III pyramidal neurons in each area. These calculations revealed a 13–fold difference in the number of spines in the basal dendritic field between areas STP and V1 in animals of similar age. The large differences in complexity of the same kind of neuron in different visual areas go against arguments for isopotentiality of different cortical regions and provide a basis that allows pyramidal neurons in temporal areas TE and STP to integrate more inputs than neurons in more caudal visual areas.
Beta‐adrenergic receptor polymorphism in human cardiovascular disease

Beta‐adrenoceptors are polymorphic. Two common polymorphisms in the β 1 ‐adrenoceptor (Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly) and three in the β 2 ‐adrenoceptor (Arg16Gly, Gln27Glu, and Thr164Ile) appear to influence receptor function. In vitro studies of agonist‐stimulation have shown that the Gly49 β 1 ‐adrenoceptor and the Gly16 β 2 ‐adrenoceptors are more susceptible to down‐regulation, while the Glu27 β 2 ‐adrenoceptor variant seems to be resistant. Whereas the Arg389 β 1 ‐adrenoceptor demonstrates increased responsiveness to agonist stimulation in vitro, the Ile164 β 2 ‐adrenoceptor variant, on the other hand, exhibits a decreased responsiveness. Although several studies in humans (ex vivo and in vivo) do support those functional effects, the literature on the phenotypic consequences of these β‐adrenoceptor polymorphisms in vivo is still far from being conclusive. At present, it appears that these β‐adrenoceptor polymorphisms are very likely not disease‐causing genes, but might be risk factors, might modify disease and/or might influence progression of disease.
Time-varying bispectral analysis of nonstationary signals

In this paper, we combine the higher order statistics (HOS) and evolutionary spectral analysis approaches for nonstationary signals. HOS are useful for the analysis of nonGaussian, nonlinear and nonstationary properties of processes. Time-frequency analysis is used to reveal the time-varying features of a signal. We present a method for the calculation of a time-dependent higher order spectrum - evolutionary bispectrum - based on the multiwindow Gabor expansion.
Docetaxel/trastuzumab combination therapy for the treatment of breast cancer

Trastuzumab is a humanised monoclonal antibody that targets the extra cellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), which is overexpressed in ~ 20% of human breast cancers. Clinical benefit has been shown in breast cancer patients with HER-2 amplification or overexpression when trastuzumab is used alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Docetaxel is one of the most potent chemotherapy agents in the treatment of patients with metastatic and early-stage breast cancer. The rationale for combining these two drugs is based not only on preclinical synergic data, but also on expanding clinical results. This article reviews the results of trials investigating this two-drug combination, as well as the triple combinations including docetaxel and trastuzumab with platinum salts. These combinations appear to be amongst the most active therapies for the treatment of patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer in metastatic and potentially adjuvant settings.
Interaction of Polymorphonuclear Cells with Contact Activation Factors

Four proteins, namely, Factor XII (Hageman factor [HF]), Factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent [PTA]), prekallikrein (Fletcher factor), and high molecular weight kininogen (Williams, Fitzgerald, Flaujeauc factor [HMWK]), have been shown to be the components required for the activa­ tion of the surface-initiated pathway of coagulation. In addition, each of the plasma protease inhibitors α 2 -niacroglobulin (α 2 -M), C1 inhibitor (Cl-INH), and α 1 -protease inhibitor (α 1 -PI) plays an impor­ tant role in the control of this pathway. The contact phase of coagulation is initiated on contact of Fac­ tor XII with a variety of negatively charged sur­ faces. 33,
Toward Early Oral Cancer Detection using Gene Expression Profiling of Saliva

As early as the beginning of the 20th century, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity was perceived to be a disease on the verge of eradication, a grand optimism buttressed on the presumptions that the oral cavity was readily accessible to inspection, that neoplasia of the oral cavity
Asbestosis: Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Proteins and Their Relationship to Pulmonary Epithelial Permeability

We measured levels of albumin and immunoglobulins in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in 28 men with asbestosis and 11 control subjects. The half-time clearance of inhaled diethylene triamine pentacetate labelled with technetium-99m ( 99m Tc-DTPA) from the lungs (t½LB) was measured in 26 patients with asbestosis and in 31 normal nonsmoking controls. In those individuals in whom immunoglobulins were detected in BAL fluid, the mean IgG:albumin ratio in BAL fluid was 0.30 (range, 0.11 to 0.97), significantly less than the ratio of 0.43 (0.28 to 0.66) in control subjects (p −3 (range, 0.2 to 9.5×10 −3 ), significantly greater than the ratio of 1.2×10 −3 (0.5 to 2.0×10 −3 ) in control subjects (p
Head positioning control system design based on dynamic characteristic of rolling friction in HDDs

This paper describe a head positioning controller in HDDs based on a dynamic characteristic of rolling friction. In the control system in HDDs, the head assembly was influenced the effect of several disturbances, e.g, RRO, flutter vibration, force disturbance, and so on. At the force disturbance, it caused by wind force, external shock, tension force of Flexible Printed Circuit, and rolling friction around pivot bearing. In these force disturbance, the influence of the rolling friction is large at positioning in minute area. Therefore, controlling the rolling friction is important at short span seeking motion for the high performance trajectory. In this paper, we present a measuring method for the dynamic rolling friction that considering the inertia force of magnetic head. And we propose a 2 DOF controller design to suppress the effect of the dynamic rolling friction. The effects of the proposal method and controller performance are verified by experimental results.
Long-term prognostic significance of admission plateletcrit values in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction

The plateletcrit has been investigated as a new predictor of cardiovascular risk. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of admission plateletcrit in predicting long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients presenting with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). We enrolled 296 patients with NSTEMI (mean age 59.2 ± 11.8 years; 228 men, 68 women) in this study. The study population was divided into tertiles on the basis of admission plateletcrit values. A high plateletcrit (n = 98) was defined as a value in the upper third tertile (plateletcrit >0.23), and a low plateletcrit (n = 198) was defined as any value in the lower two tertiles (plateletcrit ⩽0.23). The median follow-up time was 38 months. In multivariate analyses, a significant association was noted between high plateletcrit values and the adjusted risk of long-term mortality (odds ratio = 12.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.78–82.77; P < 0.001). In the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the long-term mortality rate was 20.4% in the high plateletcrit group versus 4.5% in the low plateletcrit group (P < 0.001). Long-term major advanced cardiac events (MACE), hospitalization for heart failure and reinfarction were significantly higher in patients with high plateletcrit. Admission plateletcrit is a strong and independent predictor of long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with NSTEMI.
Soil moisture wireless sensing with analog scatter radio, low power, ultra-low cost and extended communication ranges

The measurement of the soil moisture is critical in agriculture. In this work a joint analog design of wireless transmitter with scatter radio and capacitive sensor for soil moisture is presented. The design is based on a custom microstrip capacitor, exploits bistatic analog scatter radio principles and is able to wirelessly convey soil moisture percentage by mass (% MP) with RMS error of 1.9%, power consumption and communication range on the order of 100 uWatts and 100 meters, respectively. It is tailored for ultra-low cost (5 Euro per sensor) agricultural sensor network applications for soil moisture.
Dysrhythmia Associated with Clozapine

S.L. Varma and S. Katsenos, Grampians Psychiatric Services, Ballarat, Vic. , Australia: Delusion of pregnancy is not a common phenomenon. Some cases have been reported [1], many of them on male patients. Delusions of pregnancy have been reported in fictional psychosis [2] and a wide variety of organic psychiatric conditions [1], including association with urinary tract infection [3]. It has been reported, more commonly in men than in women [4,5]. We report a patient of schizophrenia experiencing delusion of pregnancy that he attributed to sexual abuse occurring 10 years previously. A 3 6 y e a r-old single man living in supported accommodation presented with acute psychosis characterised by being abusive towards strangers and coresidents, shadow boxing in the front garden, marked i r r i t a b i l i t y, poor sleep, and talk of a gay man following him around. He had complained of abdominal pain, which he believed was in the context of him being pregnant. He had nightmares and ruminations about his sexual abuse many years ago. He also had a background of mild to moderate intellectual disability. He had a past history of a similar episode in which he experienced aggression, was suicidal and had homicidal ideations. He believed that he had been pregnant for 2–3 months and his abdomen was swollen due to spontaneous fertilisation. His mother was diagnosed as having schizophrenia. Ten years ago he had experienced sexual abuse involving penetration. Since then, he had developed a delusional belief about pregnancy when unwell. There was no history of drug or alcohol abuse. Mental State Examination revealed him to be older than his age and guarded. He had ideas of reference, delusion of pregnancy, persecutory delusions, auditory hallucinations and poor insight. He was diagnosed as having schizophrenia and treated with antipsychotic medications. He showed a gradual response, and in 3 weeks his delusions started diminishing. His belief of pregnancy changed to an overvalued idea, and after 2 months he no longer believed in it. Delusion of pregnancy attributed to sexual abuse in men (as in the case above) has not been reported. It is interesting that in both episodes the patient exhibited this delusion, although the sexual abuse occurred 10 years previously. The delusion in this patient could not be attributed to other factors such as contact with pregnant women [5], underlying a medical cause [3]. The aetiology of delusion of pregnancy is likely to be heterogenous. It has been hypothesised that delusion arises from normal cognitive processes directed at explaining abnormal perceptual experiences. Neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia, galactorrhoea and intestinal dilatation may stimulate, confirm or reinforce the belief of being pregnant [2,6]. Maher [7] explains that the patient is delusional because he or she actually experiences anomalies that demand explanation. The delusional explanation offers relief from puzzlement, and that relief works against abandonment of the explanation.
Prediction of 5-Year Survival with Data Mining Algorithms

Survival time prediction at the time of diagnosis is of great importance to make decisions about treatment and long-term follow-up care. However, predicting the outcome of cancer on the basis of clinical information is a challenging task. We now examined the ability of ten different data mining algorithms (Perceptron, Rule Induction, Support Vector Machine, Linear Regression, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, k-nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, Neural Network, Random Forest) to predict the dichotomous attribute "5-year-survival" based on seven attributes (sex, UICC-stage, etc.) which are available at the time of diagnosis. For this study we made use of the nationwide German research data set on colon cancer provided by the Robert Koch Institute. To assess the results a comparison between data mining algorithms and physicians' opinions was performed. Therefore, physicians guessed the survival time by leveraging the same seven attributes. The average accuracy of the physicians' opinion was 59%, the average accuracy of the machine learning algorithms was 67.7%.