Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of microelements by different invertebrate trophic groups on wasted lands

The problem of transformation of natural landscapes resulted from the negative technogenic impact is highlighted. It is shown that mining enterprises are powerful anthropo-technical sources of organic and inorganic toxicants entering the environment. Their wastes pollute all components of the ecosystems and negatively influence human health by increasing a risk of disease. The nature of the accumulation of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Pb) by invertebrate animals of various functional groups under conditions of anthropo-technogenic pressure was studied. The sample plots were located on self-overgrowing sites with ruderal vegetation located in the immediate vicinity of the Mangan ore-dressing and processing enterprise (Dnipropetrovsk region). It is quite naturally that among the studied biogenic microelements (Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni), the phyto-, zoo, and saprophages in the investigated zone of technogenic pollution most actively accumulate Fe: 22758, 17516 and 18884 mg/kg dry weight on average, respectively. There are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in the content of studied microelements between saprophages and phytophages. The saprophages accumulate such trace metals as Mn, Cu, Zn and Cd in high quantities, but Ni and Pb – in smaller ones. The saprophagous functional group of invertebrates is an active agent of detritogenesis, in the conditions of modern nature management it acts as a powerful element of ecosystem engineering (habitat transformation), the main ecological role of which is to modify the habitat of other soil biota. In addition, the saprophages fulfil their concentrating geochemical function. They actively participate in the most important soil biochemical process: the formation of humus, the migration of microelements along trophic chains, the biological cycle in general, and provide such supporting ecosystem services as increasing soil fertility and nutrient cycling.
Kertas kerja ini mengutarakan penyelesaian berangka untuk sistem Persamaan Terbitan Tertunda untuk mengatasi ketakselanjaran yang kerap berlaku sebelum dan kadangkala selepas penyelesaian awal. Kaedah Runge-Kutta telah dipilih kerana ia merupakan kaedah yang berkesan dan boleh diubah suai untuk mena

This paper presents numerical solution for Delay Differential Equations systems to identify frequent discontinuities which occur after and sometimes before the initial solution. The Runge-Kutta methods have been chosen because they are well-established methods and can be modified to handle discontinuities by means of mapping of past values. The state system of the problem is first discretized before the method is applied to find the solution. Our objective is to develop a scheme for solving delay differential equations using hybrid second and fourth order of Runge-Kutta methods. The results have been compared with the result from Matlab routine dde23 which used second and third order of Runge-Kutta methods. Our numerical scheme is able to successfully handle discontinuities in the system and produces results with acceptable error.
Causal Attributions: A Review of the Past and Directions for the Future

Causal attribution theory is one of the most extensively researched paradigms in social psychology. Recently, fMRI research, largely from the field of personality psychology, has suggested that the neurological structures involved in forming causal attributions may also be involved in emotion regulation. This suggests that these two distinct processes - causal attribution formulation and emotion regulation - may be related phenomena. More specifically, attribution formation may be a method of emotion regulation. In the field of clinical psychology, treatment approaches for depression emphasize the importance of effective emotion regulation strategies, and many treatment approaches for depression are informed by emotion regulation research. Nonetheless, it does not seem that clinical psychology has fully utilized findings from causal attribution research for the treatment of depression. Because causal attributions may be a strategy for emotion regulation, clinical psychology might well benefit from integrating personality research with social psychology research on causal attributions. This paper posits that there is a connection between emotion regulation, attributional style, and depression, and that clinical psychology would benefit from drawing upon causal attribution research. Doing so would combine developments from distinct areas of psychology in order to better inform both researchers and clinicians working with depression.
Syllabification and parameter optimisation in Zulu to English machine translation

We present a series of experiments involving the machine translation of Zulu to English using a well-known statistical software system. Due to morphological complexity and relative scarcity of resources, the case of Zulu is challenging. Against a selection of baseline models, we show that a relatively naive approach of dividing Zulu words into syllables leads to a surprising improvement. We further improve on this model through manual configuration changes. Our best model significantly outperforms the baseline models (BLEU measure, at p < 0.001) even when they are optimised to a similar degree, only falling short of the well-known Morfessor morphological analyser that makes use of relatively sophisticated algorithms. These experiments suggest that even a simple optimisation procedure can improve the quality of this approach to a significant degree. This is promising particularly because it improves on a mostly language independent approach — at least within the same language family. Our work also drives the point home that sub-lexical alignment for Zulu is crucial for improved translation quality.
Auto-Pattern Programmable Kernel Filter (Auto- PPKF) for Suppression of Bot Generated Traffic

Bots usually vary from their other malicious counter parts by periodically reporting to the botmaster through regular exchange of messages. Our experiments on bot attack generation showed a continuous exchange of packets with similar content between the botmaster and the zombie machine at various time intervals. Though there were also genuine packets with similar content being sent out of the victim machine challenge was to differentiate between the two and pass only the genuine ones. In this paper, an algorithm namely Auto-Pattern Programmable Kernel Filter (Auto-PPKF), for automatic detection of patterns from packet payload for filtering out malicious packets generated by bots is proposed. The significant feature of our proposed Auto-PPKF algorithm is that, the malicious pattern is deduced at kernel level on the fly from packet payload. Traditional algorithms such as Boyer Moore, Knuth Morris Patt, and Naive Pattern search algorithms require the pattern to be identified available a priori. Currently, Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) algorithm stands as the most preferred algorithm for pattern matching. But the disadvantage is that common sequences can also exist in many genuine packets. Hence, the challenge lies in automatic detection of malicious patterns and filtering of the packets having such malicious patterns. This would not only put off the communication between the Botmaster and Zombie machine, but will also thus prevent user information from being sent to the botmaster.
The Development of Parasocial Relationships on YouTube

Continuing research on the development of parasocial relationships, the present study modernized a seminal study conducted by Rubin and McHugh (1987) investigating the relationship among communication, liking, and intimacy in forming a relationship with a television character. This study applied this research to the YouTube video sharing platform to see if such a relationship was evident on social media. Results of a structural equation model closely replicate the original findings, and confirmed that exposure to YouTube predicted both social and physical attraction. This attraction was related to parasocial relationship formation, which then positively increased the relational importance. Overall, the results provide justification for extending the theoretical expectations of parasocial interaction to the YouTube context.
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Information Sciences and Technology DETECTION AND DYNAMICS OF CYBERBULLYING IN ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS A Thesis in Information Sciences and Technology by

Cyberbullying, defined as bullying perpetrated through the use of information technology, is a serious problem among children, adolescents and young adults. In this thesis, we study the detection of cyberbullies and the dynamics of cyberbullying in online social networks. In order to detect cyberbullies, we use learning models based on content features, user features and social network features. Understanding cyberbullying dynamics means predicting the effect of bullying comments on users with history of nonbullying. In the course of this study, we explore the spread of cyberbullying influence through the pairwise interactions between users. Using a dataset from MySpace, we first build a model for identifying bullies and non-bullies. We build a second model formulating the relationship between the influencer and the influenced user, predicting the dynamics by which a user with history of non-bullying turns into a bully. Based on our experimental results, we find that content features are significant in detecting cyberbullies as well as cyberbullying dynamics. We find user features to be significant in detecting cyberbullies but not significant in detecting cyberbullying dynamics. We find social network features not to be significant in detecting cyberbullies but to be significant in detecting cyberbullying dynamics. Our models can provide moderators and network administrators an effective way to identify cyberbullies as well as develop informed insights into the dynamics of cyberbullying.
Cooperation between large companies and start-ups: the access to drive disruptive innovation

According to Christopher Clayton’s Innovator’s Dilemma large corporations face a threat of disruptive innovation. By use of products and services with a moderate amount of new technologies, new business models can be created, which later on oust established companies. Particularly start-ups seem to be more prone to drive disruptive innovations than large corporations. This paper illustrates the need for cooperation between large companies and start-ups in order to pursue disruptive innovations and thereby introduces a Disruptive Innovation Strategy. With this under consideration, an extensive classification model of different types of cooperation is generated. This Strategic Classification Model takes previous classification models in literature into account and integrates these in a holistic approach. The core idea of disruptive innovation rather referring to business model innovation than purely technologically driven innovation is reflected in this model. Hence, instead of facing disruptive innovation themselves through various different approaches, large companies are encouraged to face the Innovator’s Dilemma and drive disruptive innovation through cooperation.
Mixing Lengths of Coaxial Jets in a Rocket Combustor Configuration Using Acetone PLIF

This paper explores the mixing fleld of non-reacting shear coaxial jets as they apply to rocket fuel injectors; ∞ows characterized by a low-velocity high-density inner jet surrounded by a high-velocity low-density annular jet. Using quantitative acetone PLIF, average and instantaneous mixture fraction flelds are obtained while velocity ratio, density ratio and Reynolds number are systematically varied. Using the stoichiometric values of O2/H2 and O2 /CH4, centerline stoichiometric mixing lengths are determined. These lengths are found to scale with the square root of the inner to outer jet momentum ratio.
Dense Matrix Computations on NUMA Architectures with Distance-Aware Work Stealing

We employ the dynamic runtime system OmpSs to decrease the overhead of data motion in the now ubiquitous non-uniform memory access NUMA high concurrency environment of multicore processors. The dense numerical linear algebra algorithms of Cholesky factorization and symmetric matrix inversion are employed as representative benchmarks. Work stealing occurs within an innovative NUMA-aware scheduling policy to reduce data movement between NUMA nodes. The overall approach achieves separation of concerns by abstracting the complexity of the hardware from the end users so that high productivity can be achieved. Performance results on a large NUMA system outperform the state-of-the-art existing implementations up to a two fold speedup for the Cholesky factorization, as well as the symmetric matrix inversion, while the OmpSs-enabled code maintains strong similarity to its original sequential version.
Efek Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Topikal terhadapEkspresi Siklooksigenase-2 Konjungtivitis Alergi pada Model Tikus Wistar

Latar Belakang : Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate (EGCG), suatu polifenol (flavonoid) alami yang banyak terdapat pada tumbuhan teh (Camellia sinensis) terutama teh hijau, merupakan suatu bahan alami yang telah banyak diteliti dan terbukti mempunyai efek anti inflamasi. Tujuan : Membuktikan bahwa Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) topikal dapat menekan ekspresi siklooksigenase-2 konjungtivitis alergi pada model tikus Wistar. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan pendekatan post-test only control group design. 24 ekor tikus Wistar dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan masing-masing kelompok 6 ekor tikus. K mendapatkan tetes mata air mata artifisial 1 tetes/mata setiap 10 menit selama 1 jam, P1 mendapatkan EGCG 5 x 10-2 mg/ml, P2 mendapatkan EGCG 5 x 10-1 mg/ml, dan P3 mendapatkan EGCG 5 x 100 mg/ml. EGCG diberikan 1 tetes/mata setiap 10 menit selama 1 jam. Kemudian tiap tikus mendapatkan 1 tetes mata Compound 48/80 250 μg/mata segera setelahnya. Selanjutnya tikus diterminasi dan dilakukan eksenterasi pada bola mata tikus untuk dibuat preparat dengan pengecatan imunohistokimia. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan program komputer SPSS, di mana dilakukan uji normalitas data dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan dilanjutkan dengan uji One-Way ANOVA. Hasil : Rata-rata ekspresi siklooksigenase-2 pada P1 (3.50) lebih rendah dibandingkan K (5.17), P2 (5.67) lebih tinggi dibandingkan K (5.17), dan P3 (5.50) lebih tinggi dibandingkan K (5.17). Hasil rata-rata ekspresi siklooksigenase-2 ini tidak berbeda secara statistik. Kesimpulan : Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) topikal tidak berefek terhadap ekspresi siklooksigenase-2 konjungtivitis alergi pada model tikus Wistar.
Use of alternative containers for promoting deep rooting of native forest species used for dryland restoration: the case of Acacia caven

Abstract: The size of a container determines the development and quality of root systems. In the case of taprooted forest species used for dryland reforestation, deeper containers may favour early root development and, consequently, better soil profile colonization after outplanting. Although research on container design for worldwide tree species has been developed in the last decades, technical solutions for containerized forest species with a taproot system have been poorly documented. We present a case study using Acacia caven (Mol.) Mol. , which has fast-growing taproots and long lateral and superficial roots. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of different containers on rooting volume in the early morphological development of A. caven seedlings. Ten day-old seedlings were cultivated in five different PVC container types varying in volume, width and length (T440-Short, T440-Long, T880-Short, T880-Long, and T440-C), in a completely randomized design for one growing season. At the end of the study, whole seedling samples were destroyed to assess taproot length, lateral root biomass, and total root/shoot dry biomass. To evaluate the potential plant capacity for developing new roots, a subsequent experiment using the root growth potential test was performed successfully. Results showed that change in root volume distribution (short vs. elongated containers) had the greatest influence on seedling quality, whereas the size of container (small volume vs. large) was of minor importance. Elongated containers (35 cm to 40 cm in length) with self-pruning basal roots produced seedlings with smaller shoot/root ratios, longer root systems, and a greater ability to restart new root growth in deeper container strata. Elongated containers also prevented taproot deformation. The present study suggests that it would be appropriate to rethink container design for seedlings of deep-rooted xerophytic species destined for water-limited transplanting conditions.
A matter of Substance over Form

Lease accounting has been a highly debated topic amongst standard setters for almost 50 years. This is due to the fact that a substantial part of lease agreements are classified as operating leases, which entails an off-balance sheet financing. On January 13, 2016, the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) published IFRS 16, the new leasing standard. IFRS 16 is expected to pioneer lease-accounting through a transition while bringing back most of lease agreements in the balance sheet. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the magnitude of effects that IFRS 16’s publication had on firms and speculate on the impacts of lease capitalization. An event study methodology was adopted to investigate the effects of the new regulation on stock prices while elaborating on the factors that impact abnormal returns around the announcement date. The findings suggest that the market was susceptible to IFRS 16’s publication and that the effect was different across firms, industries and countries.
Fashion Meets Computer Vision and NLP at e-Commerce Search

In this paper, we focus on cross-modal (visual and textual) e-commerce search within the fashion domain. Particularly, we investigate two tasks: 1) given a query image, we retrieve textual descriptions that correspond to the visual attributes in the query; and 2) given a textual query that may express an interest in specific visual product characteristics, we retrieve relevant images that exhibit the required visual attributes. To this end, we introduce a new dataset that consists of 53,689 images coupled with textual descriptions. The images contain fashion garments that display a great variety of visual attributes, such as different shapes, colors and textures in natural language. Unlike previous datasets, the text provides a rough and noisy description of the item in the image. We extensively analyze this dataset in the context of cross-modal e-commerce search. We investigate two state-of-the-art latent variable models to bridge between textual and visual data: bilingual latent Dirichlet allocation and canonical correlation analysis. We use state-of-the-art visual and textual features and report promising results.
Adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solutions by carbon nanotubes: kinetic and equilibrium studies

AbstractContamination of water resources by bisphenol A (BPA) is considered as a critical environmental problem. In this study, the feasibility of BPA adsorption from aqueous solutions by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated in a batch system. In order to define the kinetic and isotherm of the reaction, specific experiments were performed at BPA concentrations of 5–50 and 2–50 mg/L, respectively. The BPA uptake by both adsorbents was found to be rapid; also, uptake reached to equilibrium in 60 min for all of the cases. The kinetic data of both adsorbents were also described by the saturation model (R2 > 0.99) as well as the pseudo-second-order rate equation (R2 > 0.99). Based on the saturation rate model, the maximum reaction rates (km) of BPA adsorption by the SWCNTs and MWCNTs were in the ranges of 0.023–0.089 mg/L min and 0.013–0.060 mg/L min, respectively. In the pH range of 3–11, the optimized condition of pH for BPA adsorption by both th.
Contaminación del Aire Exterior y Enfermedades Alérgicas de la Vía Aérea

RESUMEN La prevalencia de enfermedades alérgicas de la vía aérea, como el asma y la rinitis, ha aumentado en las últimas décadas en la mayoría de los países industrializados. La manifestación de enfermedad alérgica depende de una interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales. Se ha postulado que los factores ambientales pueden jugar un papel muy importante en el desarrollo de enfermedades alérgicas de la vía aérea, ya que es improbable que solamente los factores genéticos expliquen este aumento en un período de tiempo tan breve. Estos factores ambientales son exposición a los alimentos, a alérgenos inhalantes, humo de tabaco, contaminación del aire externo, estrés, hábitos alimenticios, infecciones en la infancia. Muchos estudios experimentales y epidemiológicos proporcionan evidencia de que la exposición a contaminantes del aire pueden exacerbar los síntomas del asma y rinitis y probablemente contribuye al aumento de estas enfermedades en todo el mundo. En la mayoría de las áreas urbanas, la contaminación del aire externo es principalmente resultado de la combustión incompleta de combustibles fósiles de vehículos motorizados, industrias y centrales eléctricas. Los contaminantes más ligados a efectos en enfermedades alérgicas de la vía aérea son el dióxido de nitrógeno, ozono y partículas. No hay evidencia de que ellos puedan inducir reacciones inflamatorias agudas en la vía aérea e incrementar las reacciones de fase inmediata y tardía a alérgenos comunes. El propósito de este análisis es describir la evidencia epidemiológica y posibles mecanismos por los cuales la contaminación del aire externo puede aumentar el riesgo de enfermedades alérgicas de la vía aérea.
Emergency Department-Based Disaster Response System as a Social Welfare Resource

As the corrosion of a societal safety net progresses in the era of social welfare reform, there are few institutions that can still guarantee assistance to those in need. Emergency departments (EDs) in the hospitals are perhaps the only local institution where professional help is mandated by law, with guaranteed availability for all persons, all the time (including mass casualty incidents (MCIs) and disasters), regardless of the problem. Although the ED serves as a true social safety net, its potential as a social welfare institution generally goes underestimated, hampering its full development as an effective societal resource. More disadvantages may go through the ED than through any other community institution, making it logically a role not only for the treatment of acute illness, but also for the identification of basic social needs and the extension of existing community resources. It is especially true after the public health insurance has been implemented in Taiwan. By aiding completely incorporate the ED into the total care system, emergency physicians can become key persons in the design and implementation of integrated sociomedical systems of care. No matter what kind of insurance system has been adopted, the government should establish a good policy to back up the work of ED at any time. (Ann Disaster Med. 2005;3:60-68)