Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trussht me, I know what I sshaw: The acceptance of misinformation from an apparently unreliable co‐witness

Purpose We used apparent co-witness intoxication as a way to examine the effect of source credibility on the acceptance of misinformation from a co-witness. Methods Alongside an experimental confederate, individual participants (N = 100) watched a clip involving two simulated thefts. Immediately beforehand, half of the participants watched the confederate consume what appeared to be three alcoholic beverages. During a subsequent discussion with the participant, the confederate introduced two pieces of misinformation about the clip. In the absence of the confederate, participants were then interviewed before completing a target-absent line-up task. Results As expected, misinformation impaired participants’ verbal reports, and misinformation about appearance impaired line-up performance. Overall susceptibility to misinformation was not significantly related to co-witness condition, or to participants’ ratings of the confederate's intoxication or ability to accurately complete the tasks. On individual items, however, co-witness condition appeared to exert some influence on misinformation acceptance if the participant's pre-misinformation response was discrepant with the misinformation, but not when it was ‘don't know’. Conclusions It is possible that effects of source credibility on misinformation acceptance may depend, at least to some extent, on the presence of a clear discrepancy between the misinformation and the witness's recollection.
Reasons for using or not using interactive whiteboards: Perspectives of Taiwanese elementary mathematics and science teachers

This study examines the reasons for using or not using interactive whiteboards (IWBs) by elementary school mathematics and science teachers in Taiwan. It also considers whether there were any significant differences in the reasons according to teaching subjects, teacher gender, and teaching experience. The survey was developed based on an overview of the discussions from prior research related to the benefits and drawbacks in using IWBs. Percentages were high on all six reasons for using IWBs. Of the five reasons for not using IWBs, budget constraints appeared to be the most important reason why the teachers did not use IWBs in their classroom. Male teachers using IWBs showed significantly higher ratings than female teachers for getting students’ attention and increasing interaction. Experienced teachers’ ratings were significantly higher than novice teachers for getting students’ attention, helping teachers explain complex and abstract concepts, and helping the teaching process. In the group of teachers who reported not using IWBs, male teachers showed significantly higher ratings for the lack of time to design teaching materials, and limited sources of related teaching software. Research implications of this study are provided along with suggestions for future study.
Alta disponibilidade e balanceamento de carga para servidores web usando linux

This paper aims at implementation of a cluster for Web services that have high availability and load balancing in case of failures . Clusters of high-availability systems are designed to provide availability of services on an ongoing basis, using redundant computers. If a computer fails, another automatically takes over ru nning the same services and data. Failures of services are due to hardware problems or overload o f services on servers. The problem of overloading could be soften using load balancing, i s distributing the requests / traffic with other computers in the system, running the same programs, reducing the processing time and improving the performance of the application. We ev aluated the methods of implementation of clusters, their models and concepts which the best results to ensure a quality level compatible with the proprietary solutions available. It is sho wn that the use of cluster is effective in balancin g and high availability. keywords: Cluster, high availability, load balancing
Concurrent Learning Adaptive Model Predictive Control with Pseudospectral Implementation

This paper presents a control architecture in which a direct adaptive control technique is used within the model predictive control framework, using the concurrent learning based approach, to compensate for model uncertainties. At each time step, the control sequences and the parameter estimates are both used as the optimization arguments, thereby undermining the need for switching between the learning phase and the control phase, as is the case with hybrid-direct-indirect control architectures. The state derivatives are approximated using pseudospectral methods, which are vastly used for numerical optimal control problems. Theoretical results and numerical simulation examples are used to establish the effectiveness of the architecture.
Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Heterogeneous WSN

Balancing energy load is a key problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) research. For balancing node energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, this paper proposes an improved routing algorithm EBRA (Energy Balancing Routing Algorithm) based on energy heterogeneous WSN. To maximize the energy efficiency of network nodes, the EBRA weights the probability of cluster head election. According to the estimate value of the network average remaining energy and the residual energy of network nodes, we can calculate the new cluster head election threshold. The simulation results show that the utilization of energy balance of EBRA algorithm is improved 74%, 30% and 23%, compare with LEACH, SEP and DCHS, respectively.
Composing Processes Using Modified Rely-Guarantee Specifications

We present a specification notation for components of concurrent systems and an accompanying proof methodology for reasong about the composition of these components. The specification construct is motivated by rely-guarantee pairs and by any-component program properties. The proof technique is based on an implication ladder and on two basic properties from which more complex properties are derived. Two examples illustrate the simplicity and compositionality of the model, and demonstrate how the model can be used to create structured and reusable proofs of distributed systems.
Automatic context adaptation of fuzzy systems

Among the several applications of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy-rule based systems (FRBSs) have proven to be extremely successful in a wide range of fields, including, for instance, control, classification, regression, and pattern recognition. In particular, FRBSs have raised attention for their twofold nature, i.e., for their ability to handle linguistic concepts and, at the same time, to perform an accurate modeling of input-output relations. Hence, several researchers and practitioners have developed learning algorithms for the automatic identification of FRBSs from real-world data. Such algorithms include the hybridizations of FRBSs with other popular soft computing techniques, i.e., artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. In this framework, context adaptation of fuzzy systems is considered as an emerging paradigm which has been analyzed only in a few works. In a nutshell, context adaptation consists in tuning some of the features of an already existing FRBS, so as to adapt it to a new configuration of the external environment. This task has usually been approached in the literature as scaling fuzzy sets from a universe of discourse to another. The basic idea presented here is to achieve context adaptation by exploiting a set of operators which allow performing a more flexible tuning than scaling-functionbased techniques, while keeping the semantics and the interpretability of the original FRBS unaltered. Nonetheless, this work collects previous approaches and organizes them in a common framework, thus providing a reference study on the topic. In the development of the thesis, we first recall fundamentals of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems. We survey previous work on related subjects and introduce the context adaptation problem in detail. Second, we develop a novel context adaptation approach. To this aim, we introduce a flexible non linear scaling function and four orthogonal fuzzy modifiers which allow adapting an FRBS to any context. Since the modeling capabilities of the operators may negatively affect the semantics of the FRBS, we study two novel indices to properly measure interpretability and prevent such degradation. The proposed learning approach is based on evolutionary algorithms and takes both the flexibility introduced by the operators and the interpretability assessed by the indices into account. We test our context adaptation technique on four different data sets, providing detailed examples and comparisons. Finally, we draw concluding remarks and we discuss future extensions and possible research lines.
Model free online adaptive feedback control with FuNe I AFC neuro-fuzzy system

FuNe I AFC fuzzy system is useful in mapping into a neural network that utilises the advantages of both neural and fuzzy systems. FuNe I architecture, previously used in classification applications, had been modified for feedback control adding a feedback at its output. The simulation results show that adaptive control of a real plant can be achieved without any prior knowledge of plant using this technique. Authors are currently developing optimization algorithms for the proposed architecture.
Anybus CompactCom on mbed

When software dependent on hardware peripherals is used on a new platform the implementation requires adaptation of the hardware peripherals to the new platform. This means that resources are being used without bringing anything new to the software’s functionality. By developing cross-platform software these resources can be saved and used more constructively as the software easily can be reused on a different platform. The goal of this project is porting a driver, and initiate its hardware peripherals and make it cross-platform enabled using ARM mbeds hardware abstraction library. By applying the waterfall model in combination with test driven development the result is a functioning prototype as an mbed library, validated by using the same code on different mbed-enabled platforms. This result was compared to that of the existing driver.
John Brealey and the Cleaning of Paintings

art may undergo, the cleaning of paintings is the most contentious. And for good reason. A painting is irreversibly altered by cleaning, although some methods are gentler than others. When I was in graduate school in the early 1970s, I was taught to clean paintings according to a procedure which in its general principles had been developed at Harvard University's Department of Technical Research at the Fogg Museum. The department was founded in 1928 under the direction of the esteemed Edward Forbes, and George Stout was its first conservator.x The paint ing, whether small or large, panel or canvas, was laid on a table. Next to it were four preprepared solvents containing, in varying proportions, petroleum spirits, acetone, methyl alcohol, and diacetone alcohol; the two latter components are and were regarded as aggressive and penetrating. The conservator began in a corner of the work and, using cotton swabs damp ened with the various mixtures, worked on small squares to determine which solvent removed the var nish most effectively. This surface coating was then removed, square by square; a square was regarded as clean when no dirt or oxidized resin appeared on the cotton swab.2 If color did appear, it was judged to be from a previous restoration, even if the distinction was difficult to detect under ultraviolet light or micro scope. When possible, cleaning was done under magnification, with the use of a binocular stereo microscope. This method, combined with periodic examination of the surface with ultraviolet light to detect any telltale fluorescence, ensured that all traces of discolored varnish were removed from the surface.
Fast numeric real-time transformation for a distributed cylindrical stereoscopic projection-system

Keystone distortion is not the only kind of distortion which you will have to correct when you want to have a perfect cylindrical projection. There are several ways to solve this problem. In this paper an algorithm will be explained, which can perform a real-time predistortion to a video stream in a way a normal personal computer can do this.
Time patterns and perceptions of online learning success factors

Online learning provides the opportunity to work on academic tasks at any time at the same time as doing other activities, such as using in web 2.0 tools. This study identifies factors that contribute to success in online learning from the students’ perspective and their relationship with time patterns. A survey of learning outputs was used to find relationships between students’ satisfaction, knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer with time for working on academic tasks. In this study, 199 students from a university in Mexico completed the survey. Findings suggest that knowledge transfer has a significant association with the number of hours online per day, hours spent on social networks and the use made of e-learning during working hours. Learner satisfaction has a strong relationship with the time in years a learner has been using the Internet and the number of hours devoted to the course per week. The findings of this research will be helpful for faculty and instructional designers for implementing learning strategies.
Emerging segmentation of neuroanatomical structures in magnetic resonance images

The emerging scheme (J.C. Rajapakse and F. Kruggel) is used to segment neuroanatomical structures in magnetic resonance (MR) head scans. Emerging is a region growing technique which is guided by the edgeness profile of the image. It is similar to the watershed algorithm (L. Vincent and P. Soille, 1991), but allows splitting of regions in catchment basins and merging at watershed boundaries. Region boundaries in MR head scans are fuzzy and compositions of tissues of some structures render varying intensity patterns. These characteristics and scanner limitations pose difficulties to unsupervised segmentation of MR head scans. We present emerging as a segmentation technique that overcomes these difficulties to produce reasonable segmentations of neuroanatomical structures.
Techniques for wiring in non-square grids

A systematic approach is presented to wiring layouts in nonsquare grids. The approach involves a combinatorial characterization of layouts that can be wired using, at most, k layers, and using algorithms for obtaining the wiring of a given layout. The algorithms run in time linear with respect to the area occupied by the layout. <<ETX>>
Intelligence Through Simulated Evolution: Forty Years of Evolutionary Programming

Genesis motivation prediction experiments pattern recognition and classification control system design extension of early evolutionary programming concepts competitive goal-seeking some implications diversification two-person gaming against nonminimax players coevolution, pursuit and evasion modeling time series pattern recognition simulated ecosystems and the nature of intelligence sequence induction with deterministic automata revising and extending early evolutionary programming routing problems comparing crossover, inversion, and mutation specialisations finding structure in data self-adaptation evolving neural networks evolving S-expression and multiple interacting programs games other applications.
Language learning on the move: a review of mobile blogging tasks and their potential

In this chapter, we examine how mobile blogging can be used for language learning and propose a definition of mobile blogging activities as those “which use the mobility of the learner and the availability of a mobile device as the basis for the design of the task. ” We acknowledge that technological advances have made most blogging activities accessible from mobile devices, and for this reason, include a review of the literature on blogging for language learning as well as some theoretical considerations that are common to blog and mobile blog task design. We highlight a number of issues that have emerged in the implementation of this kind of task, among others, the renegotiation of the roles of teachers and learners, the need for extensive training and support, and the personal and cultural factors that may influence the success of these tasks. We conclude with a reminder that tasks need to be well integrated with programs of learning and that the quality of the learner's learning experience needs to be further investigated.
Ambiguous requests: implications for retrieval tests

Retrieval system experimentation has assumed that user requests represent a single information need. The problem is identifying and meeting this need. Search engine experience demonstrates that this assumption is far from holding in the real world. Responding appropriately to this fact raises new issues for research on retrieval system theory, design, and evaluation.
Managing Redundancy at Multiple Levels of Motor Control

The present study addressed the effect of articular conformity of the shoulder joint on the stability of inter-joint coordination during circular drawing movements. Twelve right-handed participants performed clockwise and counter-clockwise circular drawing movements at nine locations in the mid-sagittal plane. The task was paced acoustically at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 Hz and performed without visual control. Displacements of seven infrared light emitting diodes that were fixated at relevant joints were sampled at 100 Hz by means of a 3D-motion tracking system (Optotrak 3020). From these data, shoulder, elbow and wrist angular excursions were derived as well as the continuous relative phase of the proximal and distal joint pairs of the arm. The results confirmed earlier observations that the shoulder and elbow are more strongly coupled than the elbow and wrist in sagittal-plane movements. However, a typical characteristic of the architecture of the shoulder joint, that is, its built-in mechanical ‘joint play’, was shown to induce a position-dependent variation in inter-joint coordination stability. We conclude that besides polyarticular-muscle induced synergies and inertial coupling, articular conformity of the shoulder joint constitutes an additional determinant of inter-joint coordination stability that, to date, has been neglected. 2 4 | C H A P T E R 2
Toolkit for Conceptual Modeling (TCM): User's Guide and Reference

The Toolkit for Conceptual Modeling (TCM) is a suite of graphical editors for a number of graphical notation systems that are used in software specification methods. The notations can be used to represent the conceptual structure of the software - hence the name of the suite. This manual describes version 1.6 of TCM. TCM runs on Unbc systems with X Windows. The TCM ftp site is ftp://ftp.cs. vu.nl/pub/tcm. The TCM home page is http:/fwww.cs. vu.nl/~tcm. The use of TCM is free for education, academic research and other non-commercial purposes. This version of TCM contains graphical editors for several kinds of documents, namely diagrams, tables and trees. • Editors are available for the following kinds of diagrams: generic graph diagrams, entity­ relationship diagrams, class-relationship diagrams, state transition diagrams, recursive process graphs, data (and event) flow diagrams, and JSD process structure and system network dia­grams. • Editors are available for the following kinds of tables: generic tables, transaction decomposition tables, transaction-use tables and function-entity type tables. • Editors are available for the following kinds of trees: generic textual trees and function refinement trees. The current version of TCM supports constraint checking for single documents (e.g. name du­plication, cycles in is-a relationships). TCM distinguishes built-in constraints (of which a violation cannot even be attempted) from immediate constraints (of which an attempted violation is immedi­ately prevented) and soft constraints (against which the editor warns, after it is asked to check the drawing). The current version of TCM does not yet support constraint checking across documents for integrated conceptual modeling. Future versions of TCM will be enhanced with cross-diagram checking functions. All editors share as much as possible of their user interface, which is designed to be usable without user manual. There is a simple on-line help facility and this user's guide annex reference is supplied with TCM in PostScript format and in HTML format, which can be read by a web browser. This document describes the user interaction with TCM. It is intended to be a guide for both beginners and advanced users. The last appendix contains a mini-tutorial of the notation techniques supported by this version of TCM. Full information can be found in: R.J. Wieringa. Requirements Engineering - Frameworks for Understanding. Wiley, 1996. ISBN 0 471 95884 0. http://www.cs. vu.nl/~roelw/books.html.
An approach to a multimedia system on a chip

Issues of system-on-a-chip are reviewed and the reduction of the initial cost, mainly occupied by chip reworks, is shown to be the most important issue. In order to reduce chip reworks, SOC design methodologies based on applications can be segregated into three classes. One of three classes is to employ a programmable approach. The expansion of this class highly depends on the introduction of powerful programmable cores. Our dynamically reconfigurable logic engine (DRLE), which utilizes a FPGA approach with dynamically re-configurable functions, seems to be a promising way.
Early prediction on time series: a nearest neighbor approach

In this paper, we formulate the problem of early classification of time series data, which is important in some time-sensitive applications such as health-informatics. We introduce a novel concept of MPL (Minimum Prediction Length) and develop ECTS (Early Classification on Time Series), an effective 1-nearest neighbor classification method. ECTS makes early predictions and at the same time retains the accuracy comparable to that of a 1NN classifier using the full-length time series. Our empirical study using benchmark time series data sets shows that ECTS works well on the real data sets where 1NN classification is effective.
An investigation into knowledge acquisition idiosyncrasies in Ghanaian universities

Purpose – This paper aims to fill the research and knowledge gap in knowledge management studies in Ghana. Knowledge acquisition is one of the unexploited areas in knowledge management literature, especially in the Ghanaian context. This study tries to ascertain the factors affecting knowledge acquisition in Ghanaian universities. Design/methodology/approach – The study used the quantitative approach. The cross-sectional survey was adopted as the research design. A questionnaire consisting of Likert scale questions was used to collect data from the respondents. The items and the constructs were derived from the extant literature. The questionnaire was sent to 350 respondents, out of which 250 were returned fully completed. Data were quantitatively analysed using descriptive methods and factor analysis. Findings – This study provides empirical evidence about the factors affecting knowledge acquisition in Ghanaian universities. Findings from the study show that programme content, lecturers’ competence, stud.