Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis SAURs are critical for differential light regulation of the development of various organs

Significance Various plant organs respond differentially to environmental signals so that plants can adapt to dynamic environments without movement. Light is a key environmental factor mediating multiple plant developmental processes. For example, it induces cotyledon expansion but inhibits hypocotyl elongation when plants emerge from soil. Although this opposite regulation is crucial for plant survival and has been described for decades, the underlying mechanism is still elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that temporal–spatial expression of a group of Small Auxin Up RNAs (SAURs) is regulated by light through auxin and phytochrome-interacting factors, and these SAURs further mediate the differential growth of cotyledons and hypocotyls. Thus, this study provides a molecular mechanism explaining how light differentially regulates the growth of various plant organs. During deetiolation of Arabidopsis seedlings, light promotes the expansion of cotyledons but inhibits the elongation of hypocotyls. The mechanism of this differential regulation of cell enlargement is unclear. Our organ-specific transcriptomic analysis identified 32 Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR) genes whose transcripts were light-induced in cotyledons and/or repressed in hypocotyls. We therefore named these SAURs as lirSAURs. Both overexpression and mutation analyses demonstrated that lirSAURs could promote cotyledon expansion and opening and enhance hypocotyl elongation, possibly by inhibiting phosphatase activity of D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2C-Ds). Light reduced auxin levels to down-regulate the expression of lirSAURs in hypocotyls. Further, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) were shown to directly bind the genes encoding these SAURs and differentially regulate their expression in cotyledons and hypocotyls. Together, our study demonstrates that light mediates auxin levels and PIF stability to differentially regulate the expression of lirSAURs in cotyledons and hypocotyls, and these lirSAURs further mediate the differential growth of these two organs.
Aspirin and Salicylate Protect Against MPTP‐Induced Dopamine Depletion in Mice

Abstract: The neurotoxic effects of the dopamine‐selective neurotoxin MPTP (15 mg/kg, s.c.), in mice, were totally prevented by systemic administration of salicylate (ED50 = 40 mg/kg, i.p.), aspirin (ED50 = 60 mg/kg, i.p.), or the soluble lysine salt of aspirin, Aspegic (ED50 = 80 mg/kg, i.p.). The protective effects of aspirin are unlikely to be related to cyclooxygenase inhibition as paracetamol (100 mg/kg, i.p.), diclofenac (100 mg/kg, i.p.), ibuprofen (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) were ineffective. Dexamethasone (3–30 mg/kg, i.p.), which, like aspirin and salicylate, has been reported to inhibit the transcription factor NF‐κβ, was also ineffective. Aspirin or salicylate (100 µM) had no effect on dopamine uptake into striatal synaptosomes or on monoamine oxidase B activity. The neuroprotective effects of salicylate derivatives could perhaps be related to hydroxyl radical scavenging. This was suggested by the fact that hydroxylated metabolites of salicylate (2,3‐ and 2,5‐dihydrobenzoic acid) were recovered in brain tissue following the combined administration of MPTP and aspirin to a greater extent than following aspirin alone. The surprising neuroprotective effects of aspirin in an animal model of Parkinson's disease warrant further clinical investigation.
Two‐Year Results of Once‐Weekly Administration of Alendronate 70 mg for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

The aim of this study was to provide confirmation that once‐weekly dosing with 70 mg of alendronate (seven times the daily oral dose) and twice‐weekly dosing with 35 mg is equivalent to the 10‐mg once‐daily regimen and to gain more extensive safety experience with this new dosing regimen. Twelve hundred fifty‐eight postmenopausal women (aged 42–95 years) with osteoporosis (bone mineral density [BMD] of either lumbar spine or femoral neck at least 2.5 SDs below peak young adult mean or prior vertebral or hip fracture) were assigned to receive oral once‐weekly alendronate, 70 mg (n = 519); twice‐weekly alendronate, 35 mg (n = 369); or daily alendronate 10 mg (n = 370) for a total of 2 years of double‐blind experience. Mean BMD increases from baseline (95% CI) at 24 months in the once‐weekly, twice‐weekly, and daily treatment groups, respectively, were 6.8% (6.4, 7.3), 7.0% (6.6, 7.5), and 7.4% (6.9, 7.8) at the lumbar spine and 4.1% (3.8, 4.5), 4.3% (3.9, 4.7), and 4.3% (3.9, 4.7) at the total hip. These increases in BMD as well as the BMD increases at the femoral neck, trochanter, and total body and the reductions of biochemical markers of bone resorption (urinary cross‐linked N‐telopeptides of type I collagen [NTx]) and bone formation (serum bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase [BSAP]) were similar for the three dosing regimens. All treatment regimens were well tolerated with a similar incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) adverse experiences. The incidence rates of clinical fractures, captured as adverse experiences, were similar among the groups. The 2‐year results confirm the conclusion reached after 1 year that once‐weekly alendronate is therapeutically equivalent to daily dosing, providing patients with a more convenient dosing option that may potentially enhance adherence to therapy.
Increased Severity of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in lyn−/− Mice in the Absence of Elevated Proinflammatory Cytokine Response in the Central Nervous System

lyn, a member of the src kinase family, is an important signaling molecule in B cells. lyn−/− mice display hyperactive B-1 cells and IgM hyperglobulinemia. The role of lyn on T cell function and development of Th1-mediated inflammatory disease is not known. Therefore, we examined the effect of disruption of the lyn gene on the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-established Th1-mediated autoimmune disease. Following immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG) p35-55, lyn−/− mice had higher clinical and pathological severity scores of EAE when compared with wild type (WT). The increase in the severity of EAE in lyn−/− mice was not associated with a commensurate increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the CNS. lyn−/− mice with EAE showed elevation in serum anti-IgM MOG Ab levels over that seen in WT mice, along with a modest increase in the mRNA levels of complement C5 and its receptor, C5aR, in the spinal cord. Transfer of serum from MOG-immunized lyn−/− mice worsened EAE in WT mice, suggesting a pathogenic role for anti-MOG IgM Abs in EAE. These observations underscore the potential role of lyn in regulation of Th1-mediated disease and the role of autoantibodies and complement in the development of EAE.
Double vs. single cord blood transplantation in adolescent and adult hematological malignancies with heavier body weight (≥50 kg)

ABSTRACT Background: Double-unit cord blood transplantation (CBT) can be used to overcome the limitation of single-unit CBT with low cell content for adults and larger adolescents. However, whether double-unit CBT is superior to single-unit CBT remains controversial. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 228 consecutive hematological malignancies who received CBT between November 2005 and December 2013. Ninety-seven eligible patients met the criteria (age ≥14 years and body weight ≥50kg) and were enrolled in this study. Results: The incidence of myeloid engraftment in the double-unit CBT group was significantly lower that in the single-unit CBT group (89.2 vs. 96.7%) (p = 0.026), and the incidence of platelet engraftment in the double-unit CBT group was slightly lower (70.3 vs. 86.7%) (p = 0.057). The 5-year transplant-related mortality rate was significantly higher in the double-unit CBT group when compared with that of the single-unit CBT group [54.1 vs. 33.3%, p = 0.026]. The 5-year probabilities of overall survival, disease-free survival and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) -free/relapse-free survival in the double-unit CBT group were significantly lower than that of the single-unit CBT group (37.8 vs. 56.7%, p = 0.037; 32.4 vs. 55.0%, p = 0.017; 24.3 vs. 50.0%, p = 0.006). The incidences of GVHD and relapse were similar. Conclusions: For adolescent and adult hematological malignancies with heavier body weight (≥50kg), double-unit CBT has an inferior clinical outcome when compared with single-unit CBT having a sufficient cell dose. Double-unit CBT should only reserve for patients who need an urgent transplant but lacking of a related or unrelated donor and without an adequately dosed single CB.
Camera motion compensation from T-junctions in distance map skeleton

In the field of aerial surveillance, tracking targets in images is complicated by the possible motion of the camera, especially if frame differencing is used to detect moving objects. We propose in this paper to exploit the high similarity in sequences acquired from a nearly static camera. In this case distance maps grown from image edge points share many similarities and T-junctions of distance map skeletons appear to offer precisely located reference points. Each T-junction is attributed seven features: the value in the distance map, three orientations of the junction branches and R, G, B image intensities. Registering images is carried out on a division of the images into tiles, looking for the dominant translation per tile of matching T-junction points. The obtained displacement field allow for the compensation of small camera motion. This was tested on image sequences captured by a smartphone held in hand while targeting a given static scene with a few moving vehicles and pedestrians.
[Protection of huanglian jiedu decoction on livers of hyperlipidemia mice].

OBJECTIVE To observe the protection of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD) on high fat diet induced liver damage mice [hyperlipidemic mice lacking apolipoprotein E (ApoE(-/-))]. METHODS Wild type mice were divided into the wild common food group and the wild hyperlipidemia group. ApoE(-/-) mice were divided into the ApoE(-/-) common food group, the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia group, and the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia plus HJD group, 5 in each group. In the present study, wild type mice and homozygous apoE(-/-) mice were fed with a chow diet or a high cholesterol Western diet for 4 weeks. HJD at the daily dose of 5 g/kg was given to mice in the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia plus HJD group by gastrogavage. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density cholesterol protein (LDL-C) were detected. The pathohistological changes of the liver were observed by Eosin and Hematoxylin (HE) staining. The liver macrophages and their subtype ratios, as well as macrophage surface receptor CD206 and CD36 were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS Typical pathological changes of simple fatty liver were manifested in the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia group, TC, TG, and LDL-C increased, the macrophage ratio increased, the expression level of macrophage surface receptor CD206 decreased, showing statistical difference when compared with the ApoE(-/-) common food group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The ratio of alternatively activated macrophages (M2) subpopulations was lower in the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia group than in the wild common food group (P < 0.05). There was no obvious change in the expression level of CD36. After intervened by HJD for 4 weeks, there was no obvious improvement in blood lipids. But the ratio of CD206+ M2 macrophages was significantly improved, when compared with the ApoE(-/-) hyperlipidemia group (P < 0.05). The pathological changes of fatty liver were significantly attenuated. CONCLUSIONS The liver protection effect of HJD might be associated with immunoregulation of M2 macrophage subpopulations and injured tissue repairmen. Its immunoregulation and liver protection were independent from lipids lowering.
Cyclic Interference Alignment for Full-Duplex Multi-Antenna Cellular Networks

This paper studies full-duplex (FD) cellular networks in which a base station (BS) operated in FD mode with multiple antennas supports multiple uplink and downlink users simultaneously in the same wireless channel. Two typical FD cellular scenarios are considered, one with half-duplex (HD) users and the other with FD users along with the FD BS. For both the cases, a novel constructive method is developed for finding a closed-form interference alignment (IA) solution, named cyclic IA. The core idea behind this approach is to construct a set of loop-equations enabling IA in a cyclic manner, so that beamforming vectors are sequentially determined by solving an eigenvalue problem. It is shown analytically that the proposed cyclic IA can achieve the optimal sum degrees-of-freedom (DoF) when the number of user antennas is large enough to meet the derived conditions. In particular, it is shown that the proposed scheme achieves a twofold DoF gain compared with conventional HD cellular networks even in the presence of inter-link interference, provided the number of users becomes large enough compared with the ratio of the number of BSs and user antennas. Simulation results demonstrate that not only are the analytical DoF results valid, but under a practical multi-cell scenario, the proposed cyclic IA offers significant throughput gains depending on the cell radius.
Within-subject Comparisons of Implant-supported Mandibular Prostheses: Choice of Prosthesis

Although previous studies have demonstrated that implant-supported prostheses are more satisfactory and efficient for edentulous patients than are conventional prostheses, until now no investigation has directly compared different types of implant-supported prostheses. We carried out a within-subject cross-over clinical trial with fixed and long-bar removable implant-supported mandibular prostheses. Fifteen subjects were randomly divided into two groups. One group received the fixed prosthesis first, while the other first received the removable. After a two-month adaptation period, psychometric measurements of various aspects of the prostheses and physiological tests of masticatory efficiency were carried out. The prostheses were then changed, and the procedures repeated. At the end of the study, subjects chose the prosthesis they wished to keep. In this paper, we report on the data gathered at this last appointment. Eight subjects chose the fixed (F group), and seven chose the removable (R group). Both groups rated stability and ability to chew with the fixed as significantly better than with the removable. However, the R group rated ease of cleaning as the most important factor governing their decision, followed by esthetics and stability. The F group considered stability to be the most important factor in their decision, followed by chewing ability and ability to clean. There was a tendency for the removable to be chosen by older subjects (+50 years). These results suggest that patients choose fixed or removable implant-supported prostheses for specific reasons, and that patient attitudes should be considered when the design of a prosthesis is being planned for an individual patient.
Evolution of the Free Groin Flap: The Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap

Background: The free groin flap, revolutionary in 1972, has gradually lost its relative popularity because of the new free flaps available as well as because of some of its inherent disadvantages, including a short arterial pedicle, variable arterial anatomy, the generally small caliber of the included blood vessels, its bulkiness, and numbness at the donor site. Methods: From December of 2002 to May of 2004, the authors successfully overcame a number of these disadvantages by means of clinical application of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap in 12 patients (age range, 15 to 67 years). These surgical procedures involved nine recipient sites in the upper limbs, two in the foot, and one in the buccal region. Results: This flap not only overcomes most of the disadvantages of the free groin flap but also demonstrates many of its advantages, including the following: (1) concealment of the donor-site scar; (2) primary closure of the donor site; (3) the availability of a large cutaneous flap (25 × 8 cm to 6 × 4 cm); (4) non–hair-bearing skin; (5) longer arterial pedicle (3 to 13 cm); (6) typically requiring no vessel grafting; (7) seldom being a “bulgy” flap; (8) smaller are of numbness at the donor site; and (9) less time required for flap dissection (0.5 to 1.5 hours). Conclusions: The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap is an evolution of the conventional free groin flap. This flap not only overcomes most of the disadvantages of the free groin flap but also offers the many advantages of the successful application of the free groin flap.
[Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: analysis of 82 cases].

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and provide clinical and laboratory evidence for the study of its etiology and treatment. METHODS 82 patients with CFS diagnosed based on the CDC criteria 1994 were recruited. History was collected, and physical examination was made. SCL-90 and memory test were used, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale was used to those showing depression and/or anxiety. Laboratory examination, including examination of electrolytes, blood sugar, creatinine, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine trasaminase, etc, was conducted. Western blotting was used to detect the protein-24 of Borna disease virus (BDV) in the plasma of 61 patients and 73 healthy controls. High-pressure chromatography was conducted to detect n-6 fatty acids on the membrane of erythrocytes of 42 patients and 37 healthy controls. Plasma L-carnitine in 61 patients and 73 healthy controls was detected by zymological analysis. In different examinations sex and age-matched controls were used. RESULTS Most of the patients were 21 approximately 50 years old (74/82, 90.24%). No gender difference was found. The patients usually had 4 approximately 6 symptoms besides distinctive fatigue. Descent of remembrance and/or attention was the most conspicuous accompanying symptoms (69/82, 84.15%). Abnormalities in SCL-90 scores were present in 57 patients (69.51%), e.g, somatization existed most commonly (32/82, 39.02%), and anxiety and depression were 20.73% (17/82) and 18.29% (15/82) respectively. The prevalence of anti-BDV-p24 antibody was 20.73% (17/82), significantly higher than that of the controls (0%, chi(2) = 6.673, P = 0.010). The arachidonic acid level was significantly lower in the CFS group than in the controls (P > 0.05) and there were no differences in linoleic acid and ETA (both P > 0.05). The level of L-carnitine was 6.4336 +/- 3.4225, significantly lower than that of the control group (7.6666 +/- 3.5819, t = 2.025, P = 0.045) and the L-carnitine level was increased 2 weeks after supplementary treatment, together with improvement of symptoms. CONCLUSION Most of the CFS patients are young and middle-aged. Descent of reorganization is common in these patients. Psychological abnormalities exist in most patients. Some patients are infected with BDV, some with deficiency of nutrition and/or abnormality of energy metabolism.
2011-2015 Yılları Arasında Bist 30 Endeksi ve BİST 30 Endeks Vadeli İşlem Sözleşmeleri Arasındaki Volatilite İlişkisinin İrdelenmesi

Vadeli piyasalarda islem goren enstrumanlarin, spot piyasalarda ortaya cikan risklere karsi koruma saglamak icin olusturulmasi vadeli ve spot piyasa arasindaki etkilesimin temelini olusturmaktadir. Literaturde iki piyasa arasindaki etkilesim, vadeli piyasadaki islemlerin spot piyasadaki volatiliteyi azalttigi, spot piyasaya derinlik kazandirdigi ve fiyat olusumunda onculuk ettigi seklinde yer almaktadir. Bu calismada, Turkiye’de vadeli ve spot piyasa arasindaki volatilite iliskisi 2011-2015 yillarini kapsayan donemde, BIST30 endeksi ve BIST30 endeks vadeli islem sozlesmesi orneginde ele alinmistir. Vadeli ve spot piyasa arasindaki volatilite iliskisi GARCH Modeli, TARCH Modeli, EGARCH Modeli ve PARCH Modeli gibi ekonometrik yontemler kullanilarak degerlendirilmistir. Arastirmada elde edilen sonuclara gore 2011- 2015 yillarini kapsayan donemde vadeli piyasalarin spot piyasadaki volatiliteyi azalttigi anlasilmistir.
Effect of resistance training on lumbar extension strength

Development of a new testing machine, which stabilizes the pelvis, allowed us to evaluate the lumbar extensor muscles before and after training. Fifteen healthy sub jects (29.1 ± 8 years of age) trained 1 day per week for 10 weeks and 10 healthy subjects (33.7 ± 16 years of age) acted as controls. Training consisted of 6 to 15 repetitions of full range of motion variable resistance lumbar extension exercise to volitional fatigue and periodic maximal isometric contractions taken at seven angles through a full range of motion. Before and after the 10 week training period, subjects completed a maximum isometric strength test at seven angles through a 72° range of motion (0°, 12°, 24°, 36°, 48°, 60°, and 72° of lumbar flexion). The training group significantly improved in lumbar extension strength at all angles (P ≤ 0.01). The result at 0° (full extension) showed an increase from 180.0 ± 25 Nm to 364.1 ± 43 Nm (+102%) and at 72° (full flexion) from 427.4 ± 44.1 to 607.4 ± 68 (+42%) Nm. Results from the control group showed no change (P ≥ 0.05). The mag nitude of gain shown by the training group reflects the low initial trained state of the lumbar extensor muscles. These data indicate that when the lumbar area is iso lated through pelvic stabilization, the isolated lumbar extensor muscles show an abnormally large potential for strength increase.