Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of pelleting concentrate mixtures of varying starch content on milk yield and composition.

Abstract Twenty-four Holstein cows were used to study the effects of meal, pellet, and ground pellet forms of concentrates fed with roughage at either 1.0 or 1.5kg of hay equivalent per 100kg body weight on the yield and composition of milk. Pellets and ground pellets depressed the milk fat test slightly, but significantly, when compared to the meal form. There were no differences in milk yield or composition due to the rations fed. Cows on low roughage, however, exhibited significantly higher solids-not-fat and protein than those fed the higher roughage level. Another experiment was conducted with nine cows to observe the effect of ingredient composition of pelleted concentrates on the yield and composition of milk. The diets contained several levels of corn starch, developed by a selective use of common feed ingredients. A level of 36% corn starch in the concentrate (equivalent to about 34% corn in the feed) resulted in a depression in milk fat content. A level of 33.5% starch from other feeds, but only 15% corn starch, maintained the milk fat test. Both the quantity and type of starch in the diet seem to be important factors influencing the fat content of milk. The molar proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) were not greatly altered by diets fed.
Reversal Potential for an Electrophysiological Event Generated by Conductance Changes: Mathematical Analysis

Some recent studies have indicated that a decrease in the ionic conductances of a membrane can participate in the generation of electrophysiological events [for example, postsynaptic potentials (1) and generator potentials (2)]. We present here a mathematical analysis of the reversal potential for an event generated by changes in membrane conductances (both increases and decreases), since the results can differ from our intuitive predictions. When an electrophysiological response is due solely to changes in ionic conductances of the membrane, the amplitude and polarity of the response are a function of the membrane potential (Vm); the membrane potential at which the stimulus evokes no additional change in membrane potential is called the reversal potential (VR). To see how the reversal potential of such a response should depend on the magnitudes and signs of the changes in ionic conductances, consider the following experiment: Let an extrinsic constant current, 'ext, pass into the cell through an electrode and displace Vm. After the membrane capacitance is charged, the membrane will be in a steady state and Iext will be equal to the sum of the ionic currents, I,'s, through the membrane,
Coronary Arteriographic Profile in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Back Ground : Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is genetically transmitted primary cardiac disease and an important cause of morbidity and sudden death in young people, including competitive athletes. Objectives : The study was designed to compare the CAG findings between normal subject and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients who required CAG. Methods : HCM was diagnosed by using diagnostic criteria (clinical, electrocardiography and echocardiography) defined by Western Working group. The study was carried out on 60 subjects of which 30 had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 30 age and sex control (normal subjects). Results : In comparison of control it was observed that HCM cases had significantly larger proximal left anterior descending (3.81+-0.64 vs 2.49+-0.61 P < 0.001), proximal left circumflex (3.29+-0.46 Vs 2.39+-0.60, p < 0.001) and proximal right coronary artery (3.15+-0.47 vs 2.49+-0.42, P < 0.001). Coronary artery stenosis were found in 5 cases of HCM and among them, single vessel disease was present in 3, double vessel disease in I and triple vessel disease in I cases. Conclusion : Coronary artery disease (CAD) associated with hypertrophic cadiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex clinical syndrome, difficult to diagnose clinically, that can reliably be recognized by coronary arteriography. University Heart Journal Vol. 11, No. 2, July 2015; 71-78
Descriptive Analysis of Patient Readmissions within 60 Days Due to Medication-Related Events

Background Hospital readmissions have become a marker for quality health care. Readmissions secondary to failures of the medication use process are poorly documented and underrecognized. Objective: To identify the incidence of readmissions related to the medication use process and identify associated patient- and therapy-related risk factors. Methods A prospective observational cohort study including patients discharged from an acute care medicine unit and readmitted within 60 days. The primary outcome was percentage of readmissions related to drug-related problems (DRPs) as defined by Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE). Secondary outcomes included classification of problems using PCNE criteria, type and extent of pharmacist involvement in patient care, and identification of variables associated with a readmission related to a DRP. Results One hundred patients provided informed consent and were included for analysis. A DRP associated with readmission was identified in 64 patients. Sixty-one percent were classified as a potential problem with effect or lack of effect of pharmacotherapy. Patients who had a pharmacy consult were less likely to have a DRP (27% vs 47%; P = .04), and patients who missed follow-up appointments were more than 3 times as likely to have a DRP (20% vs 4%; P = .03). Presence of a pharmacy consult (odds ratio [OR], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15–0.99; P = .05) and missed follow-up appointments (OR, 5.63; 95% CI, 1.52–20.86; P = .01) remained significant in a multivariate regression model. Conclusion DRPs were frequent in patients who were readmitted within 60 days. Clinical pharmacist involvement in care and support for appropriate patient follow-up may reduce unnecessary admissions.
Coherent signal-subspace processing for the detection and estimation of angles of arrival of multiple wide-band sources

This paper presents a method of constructing a single signal subspace for high-resolution estimation of the angles of arrival of multiple wide-band plane waves. The technique relies on an approximately coherent combination of the spatial signal spaces of the temporally narrow-band decomposition of the received signal vector from an array of sensors. The algorithm is presented, and followed by statistical simulation examples. The performance of the technique is contrasted with other suggested methods and statistical bounds in terms of the determination of the correct number of sources (detection), bias, and variance of estimates of the angles.
Line Tracking Control of a Two-Wheeled Mobile Robot Using Visual Feedback

This article presents the development and control of a two-wheeled mobile robot as the base of a human carrier for an amusement/transportation vehicle. The robot has a combined structure of two systems: a line tracking mobile robot and an inverted pendulum system that maintains balance while following a line on the floor. The mobile robot is purposely designed to carry a human operator or humanoid arms. The robot has the capability to follow the line on the floor using visual feedback, as well as maintaining its balance on two wheels. A visual servoing technique allows the robot to follow the line on the floor captured by a camera as the desired trajectory. Controllers are designed to have good line tracking and balancing performance using sensor fusion techniques. Experimental studies involving the robot following a line demonstrate the feasibility of it being an amusement vehicle.
Characterization of Spodoptera litura Gut Bacteria and Their Role in Feeding and Growth of the Host

Insect gut microbes play important roles in host feeding, digestion, immunity, growth and development. Spodoptera litura is an important agricultural pest distributed of global importance. In the present study, diversity and functions of the gut bacteria in S. litura are investigated based on the approaches of metagenomics and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The results showed that the gut bacterial diversity of S. litura reared on taro leaves or an artificial diet, were similar at the phylum level, as both were mainly composed of Proteobacteria, but differed significantly at the order level. Spodoptera litura reared on taro leaves (Sl-tar) had gut biota mainly comprised of Enterobacteriales and Lactobacillales, while those reared on artificial diet (Sl-art) predominantly contained Pseudomonadales and Enterobacteriales, suggesting that gut bacteria composition was closely related to the insect’s diet. We found that feeding and growth of S. litura were significantly reduced when individuals were treated with antibiotics, but could be both restored to a certain extent after reimporting gut bacteria, indicating that gut bacteria are important for feeding, digestion, and utilization of food in S. litura. Metagenomic sequencing of gut microbes revealed that the gut bacteria encode a large number of enzymes involved in digestion, detoxification, and nutrient supply, implying that the gut microbes may be essential for improving the efficiency of food utilization in S. litura.
Heart Rate Variability for the Prediction of Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the disabling diseases in the world-wide, and known to increase cardiac morbidity and mortality. Therefore, previous studies related heart rate variability (HRV) have been conducted to evaluate and diagnose MDD, and to predict treatment outcomes in patient with MDD. We reviewed extensively on the previous peer-reviewed publications associated with this issue, using Pub-Med. In this review article, we introduce the basic concept of HRV and HRV measures, and present several important findings associated with diagnosis and treatment prediction in MDD with using HRV parameters. Furthermore, we discuss the possible underlying mechanism of this phenomenon, and suggest several considerations for the future research.
Cytologic studies with the phase microscope; morphologic changes associated with the death of cells in vitro and in vivo.

HANS U. Zo.uo, MD.t (From the Departmet of Patology of Cornll Uersity Medica Colkge, axd the New York Hospit, New York, N.Y.) In this paper nges in dying and dead cells as viewed with the phase microscope (PM) are descibed. The technic and the material used in these experiments have been descnrbed in a preceding paper. " Death of an individual means generally "cessation or extinction of life," whereas cell death is interpreted as "complete degeneration or necrosis of cells" (Dorland 2). This purely morphologic description of cell death is not satisfactory. Therefore, a method has to be found by which it is possible to test the viability of a cell, thus giving the morphologic statement the necessary biologic background.
SYNERGISTIC ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CERTAIN INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS

Aerial parts of Eclipta alba (L.), Centella asiatica (L.) and Phyllanthus amarus (L.) are used in treating various ailments skin, antinociceptive, stomach pain, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, rejuvenator, antimytotoxic, antihepatotoxic, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and cancer. In this study, three plants are used individually to check their antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhi, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. P. amarus has exhibited maximum inhibition activity against E.coli (30±0.5 mm) followed by B. subtilis (28± 0.32 mm) and S. Typhi (24±0.16 mm). For the first time, we report the synergistic potential of these plants in the ratio of (1:1:1) against the test pathogens, which showed excellent antibacterial activity when compared with individual plant extract.
Does preoperative biliary drainage associated time delay harm? From trial design to conclusion.

TAPP versus 24 patients for TEP.2 Only length of stay was significantly shorter for TEP. No differences between TAPP and TEP were seen in terms of length of operation, hematomas, time to return to usual activities and hernia recurrence. Data about complications were obtained from additional non-RCT studies and these results appear to be broadly consistent. The non-RCT studies suggest that an increased number of port-site hernias and visceral injuries are associated with TAPP rather than TEP. These non-RCT studies consisted of 5 studies with concurrent comparators and 3 case series. These were mainly large studies: Lepere with 1290 TAPP versus 692 TEP procedures,3 and Felix with 733 TAPP versus 382 TEP procedures.4 The case series varied from 2500 to 5707 procedures.5–7 Therefore, although the learning curve for TAPP is shorter and the conversion rate is higher for TEP,8 the Dutch guideline on inguinal hernia repair prefers TEP over TAPP.9 However, well-randomized controlled multicenter trials comparing TAPP versus TEP are lacking indeed. For the future, more research on this subject is encouraged.
Loss minimization design using magnetic equivalent circuit for a permanent magnet synchronous motor

This paper proposes a simple magnetic equivalent circuit using permeance method in order to design rough configurations of the lowest loss motor. First, the iron loss is calculated by the proposed method and compared with the analysis result by finite element method (FEM). As a result, the error of the calculation results between the proposed method and the FEM is 2.9%. Next, the motor losses are calculated by the proposed method when the several specifications are changed. As a result, these results agree in principle with that of the FEM. Therefore, the validity of the proposed method is confirmed. In addition, the method of the motor design is considered in terms of the loss.
Adapting supply chain management strategies to security – an analysis of existing gaps and recommendations for improvement

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to determine the main security threats in supply chains, to understand gaps in today’s supply chain management strategies and to make recommendations to enhance security in the context of supply chain management. Previous research lacks comprehensive studies and recommendations about how supply chain managers deal with security issues in line with the business visions and strategies of their companies. The study methodology is based on an exploratory approach. Data were collected from 20 managers from international companies by means of self-administered surveys, one-to-one interviews and group interviews. Study findings point out risk management as an important tool at the disposal of managers for trading off performance and vulnerability. However, some important challenges also need to be considered, such as lack of data, insiders, IT vulnerabilities, regulatory frameworks, criminal behaviour, etc. Hence, recommendations are made for managers to improve their understanding of supply chain security.
Relevance of Transgenic Mouse Models to Human Alzheimer Disease*

During the past 2 decades, the elucidation of susceptibility and causative genes for Alzheimer disease as well as proteins involved in the pathogenic process has greatly facilitated the development of genetically altered mouse models. These models have played a major role in defining critical disease-related mechanisms and in evaluating novel therapeutic approaches, with many treatments currently in clinical trial owing their origins to studies initially performed in mice. This review discusses the utility of transgenic mice as a research tool and their contributions to our understanding of Alzheimer disease.
Mechanism of cholinergic regulation of electrolyte transport in rat colon in vitro.

Cholinergic agonists inhibit sodium and chloride absorption in the intestine and often produce secretion. To determine the mechanism of cholinergic regulation of intestinal electrolyte transport, the effects of bethanechol on ion transport were studied in the rat colon in vitro. The addition of 1 mM bethanechol produced an initially large but short-lived increase in short-circuit current (Isc) (171 +/- 19 microA/cm2). Bethanechol decreased net sodium and net chloride absorption (2.5 +/- 0.5 and 2.9 +/- 0.9 mueq . h-1 . cm-2, respectively) and increased Isc (0.8 +/- 0.3 mueq . h-1 . cm-2) during the steady-state period. All these effects were inhibited by 1 microM atropine, which alone had no effect on ion transport. The removal of either sodium or chloride also inhibited the effect of bethanechol. cAMP content did not increase in isolated enterocytes incubated with bethanechol; however, calcium removal from the serosal bathing solution inhibited the bethanechol-induced changes in ion transport. These results indicate that cholinergic muscarinic agonists alter sodium and chloride transport in the colon by inhibiting coupled NaCl absorption by a calcium-dependent, non-cAMP-mediated process.
Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Innovative and Integrated Management Approaches

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and results in an economic and social burden that is both substantial and increasing. By the year 2020, COPD will be the third leading cause of mortality and the fifth leading cause of disability worldwide. [1] In a population based study conducted at multiple international sites, approximately 10% of participants 40 years of age or older were found to have airflow obstruction of at least moderate severity according to spirometric criteria. [2] In China, the overall prevalence of COPD in individuals 40 years of age or older was 8.2%. [3] COPD is a slowly progressive respiratory disease, which, although preventable and treatable, is not curable. The final years for patients with advanced COPD are characterized by progressive functional decline, frequent exacerbations, poor quality of life, increasing dependency on informal caregivers and on the health care system. [4] According to the literature, 5‐year survival from diagnosis is estimated to be 78% in men and 72% in women with mild disease, but only 30% in men and 24% in women with advanced COPD. [5]
Interleukin 6 is important for survival after partial hepatectomy in mice

The response to partial hepatectomy (PH) is impaired in interleukin 6 (IL‐6)‐deficient mice. IL‐6 is well known for its role in the induction of the acute phase (AP) response, and the impairment of this response after surgery and hepatectomy could explain the defective hepatocyte regeneration. In addition, it was proposed that IL‐6 has an important role in stimulating the reentry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle within the first 2 to 4 hours after PH. To further analyze the role for IL‐6, we performed two third hepatectomies in wild‐type mice, in IL‐6 knockout (KO) mice, and in IL‐6 KO mice that were treated 30 minutes before surgery with intravenous (IV) (short acting) or subcutaneous (SC) (long acting) injections of recombinant IL‐6. The high postoperative mortality of IL‐6‐deficient mice could be completely prevented by SC, but not by IV IL‐6 treatment, showing the requirement of a sustained action of IL‐6. However, there is a subset of IL‐6 KO mice that survives a PH in good health even without IL‐6 treatment. When we analyzed these mice, we found an intact liver regeneration and no indication of a block in cell cycle reentry. We conclude that the major role of IL‐6 is the induction of an adaptive response to PH that ensures body homeostasis and survival.
Improvement of Interruptibility Estimation during PC Work by Reflecting Conversation Status

SUMMARY Frequently interrupting someone who is busy will decrease his or her productivity. To minimize this risk, a number of interruptibility estimation methods based on PC activity such as typing or mouse clicks have been developed. However, these estimation methods do not take account of the effect of conversations in relation to the interruptibility of office workers engaged in intellectual activities such as scientific research. This study proposes an interruptibility estimation method that takes account of the conversation status. Two conversation indices, “In conversation” and “End of conversation” were used in a method that we developed based on our analysis of 50 hours worth of recorded activity. Experiments, using the conversation status as judged by the Wizard-of-OZ method, demonstrated that the estimation accuracy can be improved by the two indices. Furthermore, an automatic conversation status recognition system was developed to replace the Wizard-of-OZ procedure. The results of using it for interruptibility estimation suggest the effectiveness of the automatically recognized conversation status.
Original Contribution INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN ORGANIZATION

The paper presents the review of policy and procedure concerning the development of Information Security Management System in organization. The attention is focused to the main aspects of security processes: at the conceptual level – standards for the System development and at the application level – assets identification, classification and control. There are the directions to the examination of organizational assets and the alternative controls and recommendations about the main criteria in security management.
RNA Editing in Hepatitis Delta Virus Genotype III Requires a Branched Double-Hairpin RNA Structure

ABSTRACT RNA editing at the amber/W site plays a central role in the replication scheme of hepatitis delta virus (HDV), allowing the virus to produce two functionally distinct forms of the sole viral protein, hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg), from the same open reading frame. Editing is carried out by a cellular activity known as ADAR (adenosine deaminase), which acts on RNA substrates that are at least partially double stranded. In HDV genotype I, editing requires a highly conserved base-paired structure that occurs within the context of the unbranched rod structure characteristic of HDV RNA. This base-paired structure is disrupted in the unbranched rod of HDV genotype III, which is the most distantly related of the three known HDV genotypes and is associated with the most severe disease. Here I show that RNA editing in HDV genotype III requires a branched double-hairpin structure that deviates substantially from the unbranched rod structure, involving the rearrangement of nearly 80 bp. The structure includes a UNCG RNA tetraloop, a highly stable structural motif frequently involved in the folding of large RNAs such as rRNA. The double-hairpin structure is required for editing, and hence for virion formation, but not for HDV RNA replication, which requires the unbranched rod structure. HDV genotype III thus relies on a dynamic conformational switch between the two different RNA structures: the unbranched rod characteristic of HDV RNA and a branched double-hairpin structure that is required for RNA editing. The different mechanisms of editing in genotypes I and III underscore their functional differences and may be related to pathogenic differences as well.