Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Particulate Matter 2.5 with Impaired Lung Function on Children: A Systematic Review

Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is generated from the combustion process, including exhaust fumes from motor vehicles, industrial activity, and forest fires. This review aims to find out PM2.5 as one of the risk factors of impaired lung function on children through a critical review of the article journals. A systematic review strategy was conducted by searching for articles related to PM2.5 with impaired lung function on children that already published in accredited journals from 2012-2017. The literature search was conducted in April 2017 through the online database, Pubmed, ProQuest, and Science Direct database. Seven article journals selected based on the inclusion criteria and the exclusion criteria that conducted with the critical review process. This systematic review showed the significant result that PM2.5 is one of the risk factors for impaired lung function on children. The higher the average concentration of PM2,5, the more decrease of lung function on children. Children, as one of the susceptible groups of PM2.5, need more protection and preventive actions, especially with forest fires that happened in Indonesia.
Acheulean Bifaces from Khor Shambat, Omdurman (Sudan), Comparative Studies in the Nubian Context

This work presents Acheulean material discovered in Khor Shambat (Omdurman, Sudan), situated on the left-bank Nile valley a few km. north of Khor Abu Anga and about 7 km from the Nile valley, 10 km to the north-west of the confluence of the Blue and White Nile. The artefacts occur randomly in the channel or in the channel deposit, the latter forms elongated bars composed of fluvial deposits with a low degree of sorting. The assemblage consists of 34 artefacts made from highly eroded Nubian sandstones. The most common shape of the hand-axe from Khor Shambat is the cordiform type with lenticular cross section made on a chunk or cobble. The hand-axes from Khor Shambat were subject to a morphometric analysis together with the assemblage from two other Nubian Acheulean sites. The geometric-morphometric approach to 2D objects attempted to identify differences between the assemblages. The broad chronology of the Acheulean proposed for Khor Abu Anga by Roy L. Carlson (2015) might potentially be applicable to the Khor Shambat assemblage, which may fall within the range of 350–200ka.
Pearl: Performance-Aware Wear Leveling for Nonvolatile FPGAs

Since static random access memory (SRAM)-based field-programmable gate array (FPGA) has limited density and comparatively high leakage power, researchers have proposed FPGA architectures based on emerging nonvolatile memories (NVMs) to satisfy the requirements of data-intensive and low-power applications. Among all components, block random access memory (BRAM) has the severest endurance problem in FPGA. Unluckily, traditional wear leveling (TWL) strategies cannot be directly applied to nonvolatile FPGA because it may induce large performance overhead. In this article, we propose performance-aware wear leveling schemes for nonvolatile FPGA to improve its lifetime. Two strategies pertaining to coarse-grained wear leveling (C-Pearl) and fine-grained wear leveling (F-Pearl) are developed to balance inter-BRAM and intra-BRAM writes. Procedures, including static analysis, wear leveling-guided placement, and reconfiguration are discussed. A supportive circuit design is proposed, too. The evaluation shows that C-Pearl and F-Pearl can achieve 34% and 46% higher lifetime improvement and simultaneously 8% and 11% lower performance overhead than TWL.
Current challenges in statistical DNA evidence evaluation

This thesis covers different problems concerning the evaluation of DNA evidence. It is mainly divided into two parts: the first regards the DIP-STR genotyping techniques. It addresses the imperative need of developing a model to assign the likelihood ratio for DIP-STR results, and compares, from a statistical and forensic perspective, the advantages of this novel marker system compared to traditional marker systems, such as STR and Y-STR. The second part deals with several more general statistical aspects involved in the evaluation of DNA evidence. It aims at defining the differences between full Bayesian methods and ad hoc plug-in approximations, and at solving the rare type match problem for Y-STR data. The issues of the different reductions of data and of the levels of uncertainty involved in frequentist solutions are also discussed. These two parts are connected in the final project, by developing a Bayesian solution for the rare type match problem for DIP-STR marker system. Moreover, the initial model for DIP-STR data is improved in the light of the statistical discussion of the second part: any ad hoc solution is avoided to obtain a full Bayesian approach.
Research on Marketing Strategy of Chinese Mobile Phone Brands in Southeast Asia

Under the background of global economic integration, brand internationalization has become an inevitable trend. The huge growth potential of the Southeast Asian mobile phone market has also become the opportunities which Chinese mobile phone brands should seize. Based on the theory of brand internationalization, this thesis analyzes the development of Chinese mobile phone brands in the Southeast Asian market, and then further discusses the marketing strategies that Chinese mobile phones should take in the Southeast Asian market.
High Throughput Vehicle Coordination Strategies at Road Intersections

In modern transportation systems, the road intersections where multiple roads merge usually become the traffic bottleneck. Existing coordination solutions such as the traffic signs tend to be ineffective. In order to exploit the full potential of the road infrastructure, we try to address the optimal vehicle coordination problem, by which the traffic throughput can be maximized. We first formulate it as a general centralized collision-free traffic scheduling framework. The involved vehicles could cooperate via instructions from the coordination center, by solving the essential non-convex coordination problem. Aiming at the dynamic arrival of vehicles, a corresponding coordination strategy is thus proposed to achieve better quality of service (QoS), including the traffic throughput, and delay. The queue stability on each road can be guaranteed according to the Rate Stability Theorem, and Lyapunov Theorem. We then try to extend the proposed intelligent coordination framework to the multi-collision-set one, by which the traffic throughput can be significantly improved. A spatial domain based solution is given to solve the multi-collision-set coordination problem. Due to the essential non-convex formulation, high accuracy linearization approximate algorithms are also provided. In the numerical results, we show the vehicle maneuvers, and statistical coordination time as the performance evaluation. They validate our analysis, and show the performance advantages achieved by the proposed framework.
The Effect of Short Time Thermal Treatment on Swelling of Field Maple (Acer campestre L.) and Fir (Abies alba Mill.)

From the immemorial time wood is highly abundant and well-performing material. Further one due to practical use the wood heat treatment, as a process for improving its properties has been enhanced in the recent tim. Abies alba Mill and Acer campestre L. are among the most wide spread species in Albanian forest and among the most useful types of wood in Albanian wood industry. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of short time heat treatment on dimensional stability and the mass loss of these two species. Wood samples are treated in three different temperatures (180 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C) and two different time durations of 15 and 30 minutes. After the heat treatment, the mass loss is determined for treated samples. Treated and untreated samples are immersed in water and the swelling is determined. According to the results obtained, wood swelling undergoes a considerable reduction in the case of wood treatment at a temperature of 220 °C for the longest time duration of 30 minutes. The higher percentage of weight loss after the thermal treatment (9.66% for the maple and 10.77% for the fir) was measured in the samples treated in a 220 °C for 30 minutes. The results of both treated and untreated wood were given for comparative purposes.
THE EFFECT OF COMPETENCE, PROFESSIONALISM AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON JOB SATISFACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERNAL AUDITOR PERFORMANCE OF PT BANK NEGARA INDONESIA

This paper aims to examine the effect of competence, professionalism and the work environment on job satisfaction, and its impact on internal Auditorperformance. The study object is PT Bank Negara Indonesia (PT. BNI). The population of this research is the internalauditors of western and eastern clusters of PT. BNI numbered 429 people, and the determination of the sample was done using cluster sampling method, provided as many as 155 people. The research model was tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) processed through AMOS software. Data were collected using questionnaires that used a Likert scale. The results from the tests conducted found that directly, audit competence affects internal auditor performance, professionalism affects internal auditor performance, the work environment affects internal auditor performance, audit competence affects internal auditor job satisfaction, professionalism affects internal auditor job satisfaction, work environment affects internal auditor job satisfaction, internal auditor job satisfaction affects internal auditor performance. Whereas through the results of testing the mediation model, it was found that internal auditor job satisfaction could not mediate the effect of audit competence on internal auditor performance, while professionalism and work environment are indirectly able to influence the internal auditor performance through their job satisfaction. The findings in this study can contribute to the development of theories. Practically, especially for PT. BNI as a research object, internal auditor satisfaction at work can be a focus for companies, whether as mediation or not, to improve the performance of their internal auditors, especially the results of their work which are very important in evaluating all elements of management within the company. The novelty of this study is the incorporation of the management causality model from previous studies to see it in audit work. Further research can also develop other research models based on this renewal theory. Keyword: Competence, Professionalism, Work Environment, Job Satisfaction, Internal Auditor Performance.
THE MEASUREMENT AND MECHANISM OF ION DIFFUSION IN SOILS.: IV. THE CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE OF DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS OF POTASSIUM IN SOILS AT A RANGE OF MOISTURE LEVELS AND A METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE DIFFERENTIAL DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT AT ANY CONCENTRATION

Summary Diffusion coefficients of soil phosphate calculated from flux to chloride form of anion-exchange resin-paper, assuming total depletion of the labile pool at the boundary, were too small and unrealistic. Thus not all the phosphate in the labile pool contributed to the diffusion process while being desorbed at constant pH in the presence of an indifferent anion—Cl—from the resin-paper. Desorption relationships under these conditions, using CaCl2 at atmospheric CO2 pressure, were markedly different from the relationship between the long-term 32P-exchangeable phosphate and the corresponding pore-solution concentrations. In the same soil containing different amounts of labile phosphate, a different desorption relationship was found for each phosphate level. The constant proportionality between amount of phosphate diffusing into resin-paper and square root of time was indicative of a constant concentration at the boundary. The resin-paper: soil system was therefore considered as an infinite composite medium in which diffusion through both resin-paper and soil were rate-limiting. The constant boundary concentrations were estimated by the use of the diffusion coefficients in the resin-paper, the phosphate adsorption isotherm for the resin-paper and the desorption relationship for each phosphate level in the soil. Diffusion coefficients, calculated using the boundary concentration appropriate to each phosphate level, were related to the slopes of the corresponding desorption relationships, resulting in values of the impedance factor similar to those found for K diffusion under similar conditions. The resin-paper method, however, does not provide an accurate enough measure of the diffusion coefficient of soil phosphate to be of any practical use. Until better and simpler methods are found, the diffusion coefficient may be calculated using the slopes of the desorption relationship and the separately determined value of the impedance factor.
Building the Interphase Nucleus: A study on the kinetics of 3D chromosome formation, temporal relation to active transcription, and the role of nuclear RNAs

Following the discovery of the one-dimensional sequence of human DNA, much focus has been directed on microscopy and molecular techniques to learn about the spatial organization of chromatin in a 3D cell. The development of these powerful tools has enabled high-resolution, genome-wide analysis of chromosome structure under many different conditions. In this thesis, I focus on how the organization of interphase chromatin is established and maintained following mitosis. Mitotic chromosomes are folded into helical loop arrays creating short and condensed chromosomes, while interphase chromosomes are decondensed and folded into a number of structures at different length scales ranging from loops between CTCF sites, enhancers and promoters to topologically associating domains (TADs), and larger compartments. While the chromatin organization at these two very different states is well defined, the transition from a mitotic to interphase chromatin state is not well understood. The aim of this thesis is to determine how interphase chromatin is organized following mitotic chromosome decondensation and to interrogate factors potentially responsible for driving the transition. First, I determine the temporal order with which CTCF-loops, TADs, and compartments reform as cells exit mitosis, revealing a unique structure at the anaphase-telophase transition never observed before. Second, I test the role of transcription in reformation of 3D chromosome structure and show that active transcription is not required for the formation of most interphase chromatin features; instead, I propose that transcription relies on the proper formation of these structures. Finally, I show that RNA in the interphase nucleus can be degraded with only slight consequences on the overall chromatin organization, suggesting that once interphase
Etched Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Quantification of DNA

The detection and quantification of DNA is of critical importance in various molecular biology processes and has applications in fields ranging from forensics to environmental monitoring. Here, the development of a highly sensitive and label-free technique for DNA detection is reported. This article proposes a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated etched Fiber Bragg Grating (eFBG) sensor as a tool for the detection and quantification of dsDNA. The proposed sensor is found to have a limit of detection of 261.87 pg/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the sensor response is a linear function of the dsDNA concentration in the range between 1 ng/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to 50 ng/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with excellent stability and repeatability. The paper also proposes a technique to quantitatively measure the amount of DNA bound to the sensor and thus, the DNA binding efficacy of the rGO coating on the sensor, utilizing UV spectrometry.
Building Highland Asia in the Twenty-First Century

Abstract:In this article we review the most recent literature on infrastructure in the social sciences and show its relevance for the study of Highland Asia. We consider the spatial, scalar, and temporal aspects of construction and, in so doing, develop new conceptual tools to evaluate the social and political configurations of states and citizens in some particularly “out of the way places. ” Importantly, we show that many of the largescale development interventions planned throughout the region defy the “backgroundness” and invisible “infra-ness” normally associated with the term infrastructure, especially with respect to recent social science and history of technology studies scholarship. On the contrary, drawing on Aihwa Ong's concept of hyperbuilding, we argue that many new highways, dams, railroads, and the like are highly conspicuous, both visually and discursively. Long before their actual construction starts, the “infrastructural imaginaries” behind such projects already work as a purported promise for future prosperity and connectivity and lend legitimacy to logics of “the state” in areas historically difficult to access and hard to govern.
Steady-state chlorophyll florecence (Fs) as an indicator of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under drought conditons

Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) presented distinct patterns of diurnal variation in irrigated and water-stressed plants, the latter showing a midday depression, which was more pronounced as more severe was the stress. Here we address the possible causes of such variations and discuss the applicability of Fs for stress assessment. We found that, in water stress experiments with several C3 plants, the ratio of Fs normalised to dark-adapted intrinsic fluorescence (Fo) was negatively and exponentially correlated with non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The relationship was abolished by treatment with DTT, an inhibitor of xanthophyll de-epoxidation. These and other evidences suggest that increased non-radiative dissipation under drought was responsible for Fs variations. Interestingly, the ratio Fs/Fo fixed at a given high light intensity directly correlated with CO2 assimilation in air, with electron transport rate and with stomatal conductance. Therefore, the ratio Fs/Fo, measured with a remote sensing system, provides a good method for the early detection of water stress, and is a useful guide to irrigation requirements
EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF FEAR OF CYBERCRIME ON INTERNET USERS' BEHAVIORAL ADAPTAT

This empirical study examined the impact of fear of cybercrime on Internet users’ online shopping safeguarding behaviors, online security measures, password management strategies and online privacy calculus. Exploring the predictors of fear of cybercrime was another goal of this study. To these ends, nationally representative data set of Crime Survey for England and Wales 2014/2015 was analyzed. Bivariate analyses results suggested the absence of gender differences in fear of cybercrime. This finding contradicts the existing fear of crime studies arguing that females are more fearful. Age and social status (education and income) emerged as significant correlates of fear of cybercrime. Internet users with higher income and higher education level reported significantly higher degrees of fear of cybercrime. Additionally, older Internet users emerged to be more fearful of cybercrime, when compared to middle-aged and younger Internet users. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that Internet users continued online shopping and employed approach-avoidance strategies despite high levels of fear cybercrime. This result contradicts approach-avoidance paradigm, which posits fear of crime fosters avoidant behavior. Young Internet users emerged to be more cautious about online shopping. This finding is also another novel contribution of this study since the existing research depicts young users as compulsive buyers. Additionally, fear of cybercrime predicted limiting online self-disclosure. Internet users with higher degrees of fear of cybercrime refrained from disclosing their personal information online. Finally, fear of cybercrime promoted the application of online safeguarding measures.
CORONA - WHO WAS THE PERPETRATOR?

Corona will infect tens of millions of people worldwide. Of these, more than a million will die by summer 2020, i.e. become victims of bodily injury resulting in death, i.e. a criminal offence. Up to now, the smallest links in the chain of infection have been punished, e.g. for violation of the distance rule. Would it not therefore be appropriate to ask about the real culprit of Covid-19? In early June 2020, the government of Australia and citizens in northern Italy (Bergamo) are demanding clarifications: who is responsible for the Corona pandemic? The most important explanations of the origin of the corona virus are presented and discussed. Have residents of the Shitou bat cave carried the virus to Wuhan? Did one of the two well-known Wuhan bat hunters bring it to the Wuhan Seafood Market? Is the zoonosis theory true, according to which a bat at the seafood market infected a pangolin that was then eaten by a human being? Was the Sars-CoV-2 virus developed in a biolab and then escaped through a lab accident? The plausibility of these explanatory theories is discussed.
Ecosystem status and health assessment of Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve

: To assess the health of Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve (SCRNNR), we surveyed corals, reef fish, and macrobenthos at three stations (Dongdao, Luhuitou, Dadonghai). We compared these data with historical data together with expert consultations, and identified first and second class indices of coral reef ecosystem health and their weights (coral reef ecosystem health assessment comprehensive index method). We recorded 37 species of hermatypic corals, and three species of soft corals, averaging 14.31% and 0.19% of the benthic cover, respectively. The highest cover of hermatypic corals was 21.58% at Luhuitou. Thirty-six species of coral reef fishes belonging to 14 families and 28 genera were recorded, of which Pomacentridae was the dominant family. Density of reef fishes was highest at 4 m depth on Luhuitou reef reaching up to 154/300 m 2 . Corallivorous snail and lobsters were rarely observed while corallivorous snails, Drupella , were common at all sites. Our results indicate that the health status of Dongdao, Luhuitou, Dadonghai coral reef ecosystems are “general”. We conclude that this survey approach provides a feasible and practical method for scientific research and management departments to assess the health status of coral reef ecosystems.