Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Labor Market Regimes, Family Policies, and Women's Behavior in the EU

Using the EU-SILC database (2005–06) for twenty-four European countries, this article develops a comparative perspective on labor market situations of women and mothers with very young children in relation to labor market institutions and policies (especially childcare and leave schemes). Using multilevel multinomial logit models, our results show firstly the heterogeneity of national arrangements of women's labor market integration in Europe (including among new member states). Secondly, our results show the links between some national policy variables and women's behavior, despite the fact that individual factors explain labor market situations the most. Women's employment is positively related to formal childcare and to characteristics of national labor market regimes. The use of informal childcare is associated with lower women's employment rates, which might be explained by a substitution effect. The employment rate of mothers with very young children is positively related to public childcare and negatively to parental leave.
Reproducibility of quantitative magnetization‐transfer imaging parameters from repeated measurements

Quantitative magnetization‐transfer imaging methods provide in vivo estimates of parameters of the two‐pool model for magnetization‐transfer in tissue. The goal of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of quantitative magnetization‐transfer imaging parameter estimates in healthy subjects. Magnetization‐transfer–weighted and T1 relaxometry data were acquired in five healthy subjects at multiple time points, and the variability of the resulting fitted magnetization‐transfer parameters was evaluated. The impact of subsampling the magnetization‐transfer data and correcting field inhomogeneities was also evaluated. The key parameters measured in this study had an average variability, across time points, of 4.7% for the relative size of the restricted pool (F), 7.3% for the forward exchange constant (kf), 1.9% for the free pool spin‐lattice relaxation constant (R1f), 4.5% for the T2 of the free pool (T2f), and 2.3% for the T2 of the restricted pool (T2r). Our findings show that serial quantitative magnetization‐transfer imaging experiments can be performed reliably, with good reproducibility of the model parameter estimates, and demonstrate the reproducibility of acquisition schemes with fewer magnetization‐transfer contrasts. This establishes the feasibility of this technique for monitoring patients affected by degenerative white matter diseases while providing critical data to estimate the statistical power of such studies. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Connexin 43 (cx43) enhances chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells

Stable re‐expression of connexin 43 (cx43) in human glioblastoma suppresses transformation and tumorigenicity. The present study was designed to examine the role of cx43 in chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis. Expression of cx43 in human glioblastoma cells significantly increased sensitivity to several common chemotherapeutic agents, including etoposide, paclitaxel (Taxol) and doxorubicin, compared with control‐transfected cells. The increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents resulted from apoptosis as evidenced by Hoechst dye staining, TUNEL assay and annexin V assay. These cx43‐mediated effects were coupled with decreased expression of the specific apoptosis inhibitor bcl‐2. Over‐expression of bcl‐2 in cx43‐transfected cells partially confers the resistance to apoptosis induced by etoposide, suggesting that the cx43‐mediated apoptosis to chemotherapeutic agents is regulated in part through the down‐regulation of bcl‐2 expression. Furthermore, the cx43‐mediated apoptosis in response to chemotherapeutic drugs may not be linked to increased gap junctional communication in cx43‐transfected cells. Our results demonstrate a new role of cx43 in the mediation of apoptosis during chemotherapy. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Designed aromatic homo-dipeptides: formation of ordered nanostructures and potential nanotechnological applications

Molecular self-assembly offers new routes for the fabrication of novel materials at the nano-scale. Peptide-based nanostructures represent nano-objects of particular interest, as they are biocompatible, can be easily synthesized in large amounts, can be decorated with functional elements and can be used in various biological and non-biological applications. We had previously revealed the formation of highly ordered tubular structures by the diphenylalanine peptide, the core recognition motif of Alzheimer's β-amyloid polypeptide, due to specific aromatic interactions. We further confirmed this model and demonstrated that a non-charged peptide analogue, Ac–Phe–Phe–NH2, self-assembled into similar tubular structures. We later explored other amine and carboxyl modified diphenylalanine peptide analogues and revealed that these dipeptides can form ordered tubular structures at the nanometric scale. Moreover, a very similar peptide, the diphenylglycine, self-assembled into ordered nano-spherical assemblies. Here we extend our research and explore the self-assembly of other homo-aromatic dipeptides in which their phenyl side-chains are modified with halogen atoms (di-para-fluoro-Phe, di-pentafluoro-Phe, di-para-iodo-Phe), additional phenyl groups (di-4-phenyl-Phe), or with nitro substitutions (di-para-nitro-Phe). We also probed the effect of the alteration of the phenyl groups with naphtyl groups (di-D-1-Nal and di-D-2-Nal). In all cases, well-ordered nanostructures were obtained and studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy. Taken together, the current work and previous ones define the homo-aromatic dipeptide as a central motif for the formation of ordered self-assembled tubular, spherical and two-dimensional structures at the nano-scale.
Structure, Agency, Hegemony, and Action: Ukrainian Nationalism in East Ukraine

Do people generally believe what they are told or say what they believe? Trends in the content of a large sample of user-generated social media data from Ukraine provide strong evidence for the latter claim. Among young Ukrainians, the explanatory power of hegemonic structural forces that shape identities – e.g. Russia’s comparative advantage in cultural production that occurs in the Russian language – is shown to be limited. Using millions of geolocated messages, the strategic contest between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic discourse among Russian speakers in Ukraine is mapped over space and time. An advantage of this methodology is inclusion of data generated by Ukrainian citizens residing in occupied or secessionist areas parts of the country, in which soliciting information in-person would have been costly and dangerous.
Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Thyroid Hormone Receptor-binding Protein (TRBP) Interacts with and Stimulates Its Associated DNA-dependent Protein Kinase*

Nuclear receptors mediate gene activation through ligand-dependent interaction with coactivators. We previously cloned and characterized thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein, TRBP (NcoA6: AIB3/ASC-2/RAP250/PRIP/TRBP/NRC), as an LXXLL-containing coactivator that associates with coactivator complexes through its C terminus. To search for protein factors involved in TRBP action, we identified a distinct set of proteins from HeLa nuclear extract that interacts with the C terminus of TRBP. Analysis by mass spectrometric protein sequencing revealed a DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex including its catalytic subunit and regulatory subunits, Ku70 and Ku86. DNA-PK is a heterotrimeric nuclear phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase that functions in DNA repair, recombination, and transcriptional regulation. DNA-PK phosphorylates TRBP at its C-terminal region, which directly interacts with Ku70 but not Ku86 in vitro. In addition, in the absence of DNA, TRBP itself activates DNA-PK, and the TRBP-stimulated DNA-PK activity has an altered phosphorylation pattern from DNA-stimulated activity. An anti-TRBP antibody inhibits TRBP-induced kinase activity, suggesting that protein content of TRBP is responsible for the stimulation of DNA-independent kinase activity. Furthermore, in DNA-PK-deficient scid cells, TRBP-mediated transactivation is significantly impaired, and nuclear localization of TRBP is altered. The activation of DNA-PK in the absence of DNA ends by the coactivator TRBP suggests a novel mechanism of coactivator-stimulated DNA-PK phosphorylation in transcriptional regulation.
The Anti-Immigration Movement: From Shovels to Suits

supporters took to the streets last year, the anti-immigration movement mobilized its own forces. The number of state and local antiimmigration groups in the United States has exploded, growing by 600% in the last two years. In 2005, there were fewer than 40 groups; today, there are more than 250.1 One fourth of the new groups are chapters of the Minutemen Civil Defense Corps (MCDC), the volunteer paramilitary group that patrols the U.S.-Mexico border, builds fences, and notes the license plate numbers of contractors who hire undocumented workers.2 Its leader, Chris Simcox, has become a national icon, and locally, MCDC members are making their voices heard at protests, council meetings, and courthouses. Although these armed vigilantes get most of the press, a national network of organizations working to end immigration has existed for decades. Today, 35 such groups, with a collective membership of between 600,000 and 750,000, work in research, advocacy, fundraising, and lobbying to influence state and federal policies.3 Some of the most salient include the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), the Center for Immigration Studies (CIS), English First, and NumbersUSA. Ten groups channeled $4.2 million into antiimmigration lobbying in 2005, and nine political action committees raised $3.4 million for campaigns in 2006. In Congress, the movement’s growth is reflected in the Immigration Reform Caucus, which has grown from 16 members in 1999 to more than 90 today. Not all anti-immigrant groups dedicate themselves solely or specifically to the immigration question. The movement is not unified in the traditional sense; groups promote different policy positions, and no umbrella organization unites them. Despite their differences, they all advocate restricting legal immigration and deporting undocumented immigrants. These goals are also those of both the Minutemen and white supremacists, and this confluence of interests has made for a troubling alliance: The leadership of each of the major anti-immigrant organizations is linked in some way to hate groups.4 (See chart, page 17.) There is more evidence for the connections between the U.S. anti-immigrant movement and organized extremists than there is room to explore in this article. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) in Montgomery, Alabama; the Center for New Community (CNC) in Chicago; and the NACLA REPORT ON THE AMERICAS
Finite aperture time effects in sampling circuit

This paper presents analysis of sampling circuit for high-frequency and high-precision waveform acquisition. We have analyzed effects finite aperture time, and we have shown derived formula for the bandwidth limitation due to its low-pass filter effects. We have checked that our theoretical calculation and SPICE simulation results agree well. We also have focused on the trade-off among bandwidth, aperture time, and time constant, and we have derived their relationships as an extension of the uncertainty relationship between time and frequency; we believe that such analyses would be new in circuit design area.
Career Self-Efficacy Mentoring for Pre-Promotion, Under-Represented Faculty at IUPUC

2 Purpose and Goals . 3 Participants . 3 Mentoring at IUPUC . 3 Methodology . 4 Timeline. 5 Budget . 6 Assessment plan . 7 Sustainability . 7 References . 9
What do we know about cyber risk and cyber risk insurance

Purpose - This paper aims to provide an overview of the main research topics in the emerging fields of cyber risk and cyber risk insurance. The paper also illustrates future research directions, from both academic and practical points of view. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conduct a literature review on cyber risk and cyber risk insurance using a standardized search and identification process that has been used in various academic articles. Based upon this selection process, a database of 209 papers is created. The main research results findings are extracted and organized in seven clusters. Findings - The results illustrate the immense difficulties to insure cyber risk, especially due to a lack of data and modelling approaches, the risk of change and incalculable accumulation risks. The authors discuss various ways to overcome these insurability limitations, such as mandatory reporting requirements, pooling of data or public–private partnerships in which the government covers parts of the risk. Originality/value - Despite its increasing relevance for businesses at present, research on cyber risk is limited. Many papers can be found in the IT domain, but relatively little research has been done in the business and economics literature. The authors illustrate where research stands currently and outline directions for future research.
A high-efficient driving isolated Drive-by-Microwave half-bridge gate driver for a GaN inverter

A compact isolated Drive-by-Microwave (DBM) half-bridge gate driver is newly developed, which can drive GaN-GITs with its constant and low power consumption of 0.9 W even a high switching frequency up to 1.0 MHz due to the gate power time sharing by using the 2.4GHz microwave wireless power transmission. The fabricated GaN isolated DBM half-bridge gate driver provides enough output gate power for GaN-GIT's driving under 140 °C (Ta). Moreover, the fabricated isolated power source free GaN-GIT inverter module with the isolated DBM half-bridge gate drivers successfully demonstrated a 3-phase motor drive with high power conversion efficiency by covering from its low output.
Using Data Mining Techniques for Detecting the Important Features of the Bank Direct Marketing Data

Collection of customer information is seen necessary for development of the marketing strategies. Developing technologies are used very effectively in bank marketing campaigns as in many field of life. Customer data is stored electronically and the size of this data is so immense that to analyse it manually with a team of human analysts is impossible. In this paper, data mining techniques are used to interpret and define the important features to increase the campaign’s effectiveness, i.e. if the client subscribes the term deposit. The bank marketing dataset from the University of California at Irvine Machine Learning Repository has been used for the proposed paper. We consider two feature selection methods namely Information Gain and Chi-square methods to select the important features. The methods are compared using a supervised machine learning algorithm of Naive Bayes. The experimental results show that reduced set of features improves the classification performance.
C‐fos Induction in the Spinal Cord after Peripheral Nerve Lesion

Immunocytochemical localization of a product of the proto‐oncogene c‐fos, Fos protein, was used to map the activity of a subset of rat spinal neurons at 3 days, 3 weeks and 3 months following section of the sciatic nerve. In a well‐established experimental paradigm, the gene was induced by activation of primary afferent fibres with brief noxious sensory stimulation under anaesthetic. Central sciatic projections were demonstrated with isolectin B4 counterstain and GAP43 immunocytochemistry. In Rexed's lamina II of the spinal cord, in which there is somatotopic organization of afferent terminals, Fos‐positive neurons were largely restricted to the projection area of intact peripheral nerves. Three days after a sciatic nerve lesion, the number of Fos‐positive neurons in a cord region innervated by the saphenous nerve was similar to control levels, but was markedly increased by 3 weeks, remaining elevated at 3 months. Three weeks after sciatic nerve section the lectin stain in the area of sciatic representation had almost completely disappeared, and conversely GAP43 staining had greatly intensified. There was no evidence of invasion by Fos‐immunoreactive cells of the area of sciatic representation. After 3 months both the size and the intensity of the lectin gap, and of the corresponding area of increased GAP43 immunoreactivity, appeared reduced. Thus a peripheral nerve lesion was followed by a delayed increase in excitability of the spinal cord as assessed by c‐fos expression, so that greater numbers of second‐order neurons were activated by sensory stimulation of an adjacent intact nerve. These changes may be related to the sensory abnormalities which follow nerve damage.
Exploring Leadership in a Multicultural School

Exploring Leadership in a Multicultural School by Sonia A. Matthew MA, Walden University, 2007 BA, University of Ottawa, 1998 BA, Carleton University, 1997 Dissertation Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Walden University June 2016
Association between osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Background To examine for a possible relationship between osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Published and unpublished literature from: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, OpenGrey and clinical trial registers. Search to 22 November 2014. Cohort, case-control, randomised and non-randomised controlled trial papers reporting the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in osteoarthritis were included. Results Fifteen studies with 32,278,744 individuals were eligible. Pooled prevalence for overall cardiovascular disease pathology in people with osteoarthritis was 38.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.2% to 39.6%). Individuals with osteoarthritis were almost three times as likely to have heart failure (relative risk (RR): 2.80; 95% CI: 2.25 to 3.49) or ischaemic heart disease (RR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.69) compared with matched non-osteoarthritis cohorts. No significant difference was detected between the two groups for the risk of experiencing myocardial infarction or stroke. There was a three-fold decrease in the risk of experiencing a transient ischaemic attack in the osteoarthritis cohort compared with the non-osteoarthritis group. Conclusions Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with osteoarthritis is significant. There was an observed increased risk of incident heart failure and ischaemic heart disease in people with osteoarthritis compared with matched controls. However, the relationship between osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease is not straightforward and there is a need to better understand the potential common pathways linking pathophysiological mechanisms.
Calcium-Myristoyl Tug Is a New Mechanism for Intramolecular Tuning of Calcium Sensitivity and Target Enzyme Interaction for Guanylyl Cyclase-activating Protein 1

Background: N-Myristoylated GCAP1 controls Ca2+ sensitivity of cGMP synthesis in photoreceptors. Results: Hydrophobic residues replacing the myristoyl group in GCAP1 restore activation of its target enzyme but not Ca2+ binding. Conclusion: The fatty chain regulates sensitivity of EF-hand located on the opposite side via intramolecular tug. Significance: Mechanisms of Ca2+ binding by GCAP1 are critical for normal vision and visual disorders. Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1), a myristoylated Ca2+ sensor in vision, regulates retinal guanylyl cyclase (RetGC). We show that protein-myristoyl group interactions control Ca2+ sensitivity, apparent affinity for RetGC, and maximal level of cyclase activation. Mutating residues near the myristoyl moiety affected the affinity of Ca2+ binding to EF-hand 4. Inserting Phe residues in the cavity around the myristoyl group increased both the affinity of GCAP1 for RetGC and maximal activation of the cyclase. NMR spectra show that the myristoyl group in the L80F/L176F/V180F mutant remained sequestered inside GCAP1 in both Ca2+-bound and Mg2+-bound states. This mutant displayed much higher affinity for the cyclase but reduced Ca2+ sensitivity of the cyclase regulation. The L176F substitution improved affinity of myristoylated and non-acylated GCAP1 for the cyclase but simultaneously reduced the affinity of Ca2+ binding to EF-hand 4 and Ca2+ sensitivity of the cyclase regulation by acylated GCAP1. The replacement of amino acids near both ends of the myristoyl moiety (Leu80 and Val180) minimally affected regulatory properties of GCAP1. N-Lauryl- and N-myristoyl-GCAP1 activated RetGC in a similar fashion. Thus, protein interactions with the central region of the fatty acyl chain optimize GCAP1 binding to RetGC and maximize activation of the cyclase. We propose a dynamic connection (or “tug”) between the fatty acyl group and EF-hand 4 via the C-terminal helix that attenuates the efficiency of RetGC activation in exchange for optimal Ca2+ sensitivity.
Intrauterine Morcellator Devices

The aim of this study was to analyze all available evidence regarding the use of intrauterine morcellator (IUM), for treatment of the most prevalent intrauterine benign lesions, compared to both traditional resectoscopy and conventional outpatient operative hysteroscopy in terms of safety, efficacy, contraindications, perioperative complications, operating time, and estimated learning curve. We reported data regarding a total of 1185 patients. Concerning polypectomy and myomectomy procedures, IUM systems demonstrated a better outcome in terms of operative time and fluid deficit compared to standard surgical procedures. Complication rates in the inpatient setting were as follows: 0.02% for IUM using Truclear 8.0 (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy, Andover, Massachusetts) and 0.4% for resectoscopic hysteroscopy. No complications were described using Versapoint devices. Office polipectomy reported a total complication rate of 10.1% using Versapoint device (Ethicon Women’s Health and Urology, Somerville, New Jersey) and 1.6% using Truclear 5.0 (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy). The reported recurrence rate after polypectomy was 9.8% using Versapoint device and 2.6% using Truclear 8.0. Finally, the reported intraoperative and postoperative complication rate of IUM related to removal of placental remnants using Truclear 8.0 and MyoSure (Hologic, Marlborough, Massachusetts) was 12.3%. The available evidence allows us to consider IUM devices as a safe, effective, and cost-effective tool for the removal of intrauterine lesions such as polyps, myomas (type 0 and type 1), and placental remnants. Evidence regarding Truclear 5.0 suggests that it may represent the best choice for office hysteroscopy. Further studies are needed to confirm the available evidence and to validate the long-term safety of IUM in procedures for which current data are not exhaustive (placental remnants removal).
Citizenship education in New Zealand: policy and practice

This article provides an historical context for recent calls for citizenship education across the NZ political spectrum, and examines the different versions of citizenship education which have emerged over time. Considers what form of citizenship education could lead to informed, active and critical citizens, and also accommodate the considerable diversity that is a marker of NZ society today. Examines recent research from NZ classrooms to consider what students know, their political aspirations and their experiences of citizenship education. Draws on recent NZ and international research to offer a framework for effective citizenship. Argues that realising the potential held by critically active approaches requires cross-sector collaboration that engages with citizenship education’s contested past, present and future. Distinguishes between citizenship education and civics education.