Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fine tuning GPS clock estimation in the MCS

Wdh the completion of a 24 operational satellite constellation, GPS is fast approaching the critical milestone, Full Operational Capability (FO9. Although CPS is well capable of providing the timing accuracy and dabilityjigures required by @em qecific&*ons, the GPS communiiy will continue to strive for further improvements in performance The GPS Master Control Stntrntron (MCS) recently demonstrated that timing improvements are always possible, provided we don't sacrifice system integrity in the process The most recent improvements have concentrated on a re-evahrdion of the MCS Kalmm Filter's Continuous Time Update Process Noises, also known as qr Rubidium (Rb) qs received notable (md well needed) attention in early 1994. In late 1994, the MCS completely re-messed the qs for all individual GPS frequency standards By tuning MCS clock estimation on a soleUite-by-satellite basis, we've safely optimized the utility of the GPS Composite Clock, and hence, KaIman Fder state estr'mntr'on, providing a small improvement to user accuracy.
A Measurement Model of Information Sharing in E-Government Services: A Case Study of Kedah, Malaysia

In order to provide a better delivery of e-government services, guides should be given to support information sharing and integration.Good practices in information sharing among state government agencies should be adopted. In present Malaysia, there is insufficient information regarding the current practices, states or levels of maturity, requirements, and models adopted in relation to information sharing for the eservices’ implementation among government agencies.Previous studies in Malaysia have been conducted in relation to critical factors for e-government services and information sharing.These previous studies focused on a conceptual framework that requires more efforts in creating an integrative model to guide information sharing for egovernment services. The main aim of this study is to propose a measurement model of information sharing model to support the implementation of e government services for Malaysian and Indonesian environments.A set of questionnaire has been distributed to a sample of private sectors that are using e-government services or e-procurement in conducting their purchasing process.The analysis of the data was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Square (PLS) techniques to examine the relationships between the identified factors which were grounded on the D&M IS Success Model. The outputs are also expected to formulate guidelines and procedures to best guide the information sharing framework to support the implementation of e-government services in Malaysia and Indonesia.
The Discriminative Lexicon: A Unified Computational Model for the Lexicon and Lexical Processing in Comprehension and Production Grounded Not in (De)Composition but in Linear Discriminative Learning

The discriminative lexicon is introduced as a mathematical and computational model of the mental lexicon. This novel theory is inspired by word and paradigm morphology but operationalizes the concept of proportional analogy using the mathematics of linear algebra. It embraces the discriminative perspective on language, rejecting the idea that words’ meanings are compositional in the sense of Frege and Russell and arguing instead that the relation between form and meaning is fundamentally discriminative. The discriminative lexicon also incorporates the insight from machine learning that end-to-end modeling is much more effective than working with a cascade of models targeting individual subtasks. The computational engine at the heart of the discriminative lexicon is linear discriminative learning: simple linear networks are used for mapping form onto meaning and meaning onto form, without requiring the hierarchies of post-Bloomfieldian ‘hidden’ constructs such as phonemes, morphemes, and stems. We show that this novel model meets the criteria of accuracy (it properly recognizes words and produces words correctly), productivity (the model is remarkably successful in understanding and producing novel complex words), and predictivity (it correctly predicts a wide array of experimental phenomena in lexical processing). The discriminative lexicon does not make use of static representations that are stored in memory and that have to be accessed in comprehension and production. It replaces static representations by states of the cognitive system that arise dynamically as a consequence of external or internal stimuli. The discriminative lexicon brings together visual and auditory comprehension as well as speech production into an integrated dynamic system of coupled linear networks.
Bitcoin Response to Twitter Sentiments

The paper investigates the Bitcoin exchange rate res ponse to the daily Twitter data. Sentiment score is computed for th e number of obtained tweets. The prediction accuracy for the Bitcoin exchange rat employing the sentiment score reveals the influence of the Twitter social n etwork on the news diffusion and target exchange rate volatility. We used the hi storical data on the Bitcoin exchange rate and the daily sentiment score of the pertinent tweets to forecast the direction of change for the Bitcoin. The results show better performance of the developed forecasting method with both historic al data on the exchange rate and the sentiment score than using only the exchang e rate data as an input.
A guide to the identification of Irish mammal hair

The dorsal guard hairs of Irish mammals were examined to reveal diagnostic features that could be used to create a dichotomous key with a photographic reference system. The key was developed using clearly recognisable characters of cuticular scales along with the shape of cross sections, which were observed from the thickest part of the shield. The techniques employed in this study are relatively simple and can be easily, quickly and economically applied in routine investigations making it suitable for undergraduate research students, wildlife officers and non-specialists.
II Model-based Clustering of Time Series in Group-speci c Functional Subspaces ∗

This work develops a general procedure for clustering functional data which adapts the e cient clustering method HDDC, originally proposed in the multivariate context. The resulting clustering method, called funHDDC, is based on a functional latent mixture model which ts the functional data in group-speci c functional subspaces. By constraining model parameters within and between groups, a family of parsimonious models is exhibited which allow to t onto various situations. An estimation procedure based on the EM algorithm is proposed for estimating both the model parameters and the group-speci c functional subspaces. Experiments on real-world datasets show that the proposed approach performs better or similarly than classical clustering methods while providing useful interpretations of the groups.
XVI METABOLIC AND ENDOCRINE DISORDERS 159 Fluid Management

OXYGEN DELIVERY AND TISSUE PERFUSION Oxygen is delivered to cells via the circulation as a function of red blood cell mass and cardiorespiratory function. Oxygen enables continuous production of energy by cells in the form of adenosine triphosphate. Poor oxygenation compromises cell energetics and function and results in the clinical manifestations of organ dysfunction and failure. Cardiac output is the most important determinant of oxygen delivery, and it has sufficient flexibility to compensate for reduced oxygen-carrying capacity, as well as increased metabolic demands. The physiologic response to a decrease in cardiac output is catecholamine-induced tachycardia and enhanced cardiac contractility, which attempt to maintain oxygen delivery in the face of falling stroke volume. Concomitant venoconstriction maintains intrathoracic blood volume (preload), whereas arterial vasoconstriction shunts perfusion to vital organs and maintains critical organ perfusion pressure. Cardiac output and organ perfusion vary dramatically under changing physiologic, pathologic, and pharmacologic stimuli. Organ blood flow is directly proportional to perfusion pressure in most vascular beds. In hypovolemia, protection of arterial (organ perfusion) pressure occurs via peripheral vasoconstriction at the expense of reduced flow to noncritical circulations (e.g., hepatosplanchnic, renal, cutaneous). Consequently, arterial pressure is maintained despite hypovolemia and organ hypoperfusion. Effective circulating volume (ECV) conceptualizes the portion of intravascular volume contributing to organ perfusion. ECV decreases with hypovolemia but does not necessarily correlate with volume status because organ perfusion is also dependent on cardiac output, vasomotor tone, and circulatory distribution. As an example, ECV may be compromised by limited cardiac output despite optimized intravascular preload status. Volume depletion describes a state of contracted extracellular fluid with clinical implications of compromised ECV, tissue perfusion, and function. This is distinguished from • Shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion and not by systemic blood pressure. • The majority of emergency department patients who require resuscitation are in compensated shock with normal blood pressure. • Volume expansion with isotonic fluid is the most important immediate therapy for most patients with circulatory insufficiency. • Resuscitation and maintenance fluids should be tailored to an individual patient’s acid-base and electrolyte status. • The fluid dose titrated to appropriate end points is more important than the individual fluid class (i.e., crystalloid versus colloid) used for resuscitation. • Normal vital signs do not guarantee adequate systemic perfusion and should not be the ultimate end point of resuscitation. • Dynamic measures of fluid responsiveness should be used to assist in the management of patients who remain hypoperfused despite initial empiric volume therapy. KEY POINTS
The Stability and Nonlinear Evolution of Edge Waves

The classical linear water-wave problem on a wedge-shaped beach can be formulated in terms of a velocity potential φ, which satisfies the Laplace equation, a free surface boundary condition, and a sea-bed condition, namely φ = 0, (1.1) gφy + φtt = 0, y = 0, (1.2) φy = φx tan α, y = x tan α, (1.3) where x is out to sea, y is vertical, z is along the beach, and α is the angle of the beach. Stokes (1846) first noted a solution of these equations that represents edge waves, which are propagating along the beach with their crests perpendicular to the shoreline and have an amplitude that decays exponentially off the coast. This solution for the velocity potential φ is
Photoelectron circular dichroism observed in the above-threshold ionization signal from chiral molecules with femtosecond laser pulses

Photoelectron circular dichroism is investigated experimentally as a function of the number of absorbed circularly polarized photons. Three structurally different chiral molecules yet showing similar absorption spectra are studied. They are isotropically distributed in the gas phase and ionized with femtosecond laser pulses. We measure and analyze the photoelectron angular distribution of threshold electrons ionized with three photons and compare them to those of above-threshold (ATI) electrons ionized with four photons. Additionally to an increase in high even order Legendre polynomials the coefficients of the high odd order Legendre polynomials rise with increasing photon number. Consequently, the ATI electrons also carry the chirality signature. All investigated chiral molecules reveal an individual set of coefficients for the threshold and ATI signatures despite their similarities in chemical structure. The presented data set can serve as a guideline for theoretical modeling of the interaction of circularly polarized light with chiral molecules in the multiphoton regime.
Evaluation of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varieties, for Yield and Yield Components at Kako, Southern Ethiopia

A field experiment involving seven improved sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] varieties and one local check was carried out at Kako farmers’ training center during the 2006 main cropping season to identify the best performing variety to the lowlands of South Omo Zone. The sorghum varieties included in the field experiment were seven improved (Seredo, Meko-1, 76TI#23, Gambella 1107, Teshale, Gubiye, Abshir) and a local check. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Phenological and growth parameters such as yield and yield components, total biomass and harvest index were studied. The result showed that all phenological and growth parameters were significantly affected by variety except number of tillers and panicle length per plant. There was a proportional increment on the number of tillers per plant observed for the improved sorghum varieties over the local check. Grain yield, total biomass, 1000 seeds weight and harvest index were significantly affected by variety. Grain yield advantages of 74.26%, 64.96% and 58.06%, were obtained from the improved sorghum varieties Teshale, Meko-1 and Gambella 1107, respectively over the local check. The highest grain yields of (3.3667 t ha-1) and (2.4733 t ha-1) were recorded for the varieties Teshale and Meko-1, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that use of the improved sorghum varieties such as Teshale or Meko-1 is advisable and could be appropriate for sorghum production in the test area even though further testing is required to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
A Mandibular Second Premolar with Three Separate Canals-Radiographic and CBCT Observation-A Case Report

The knowledge of complex root canal morphology gives the opportunity to treat the cases with rare anatomy configurations. Incomplete cleaning and shaping of these complicated areas may leave tissue, bacteria, or necrotic debris in the canal. The importance of adequate preparation and three-dimensional obturation is of a great importance for periapical tissue health. This case report describe a radiographic and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) observation of a second mandibular premolar with one root and three separate canals, with three separate apical foramina (VIII type according the Vertucci’s classification).
Surface and bulk acoustic waves in two-dimensional phononic crystal consisting of materials with general anisotropy

Successful application of photonic crystals has led recently to a rapidly growing interest in the analogous acoustic effects in periodic elastic structures called phononic crystals. This study is aimed at developing a theory for two-dimensional phononic crystal consisting of materials with general anisotropy. Explicit formulations of the plane harmonic bulk wave and the surface wave dispersion relations in such a general phononic structure are derived based on the plane wave expansion method. Two-dimensional phononic structures with either the square or the hexagonal lattice are considered in the numerical examples. Band gap characteristics of the phononic structures with different anisotropic background materials (isotropic, cubic, hexagonal, and orthorhombic) are calculated and discussed.
HAPPIER: Hierarchical Polyphonic Music Generative RNN

Generating polyphonic music with coherent global structure is a major challenge for automatic composition algorithms. The primary difficulty arises due to the inefficiency of models to recognize underlying patterns beneath music notes across different levels of time scales and remain long-term consistency while composing. Hierarchical architectures can capture and represent learned patterns in different temporal scales and maintain consistency over long time spans, and this corresponds to the hierarchical structure in music. Motivated by this, focusing on leveraging the idea of hierarchical models and improve them to fit the sequence modeling problem, our paper proposes HAPPIER: a novel HierArchical PolyPhonic musIc gEnerative RNN. In HAPPIER, A higher ‘measure level’ learns correlations across measures and patterns for chord progressions, and a lower ‘note level’ learns a conditional distribution over the notes to generate within a measure. The two hierarchies operate at different clock rates: the higher one operates on a longer timescale and updates every measure, while the lower one operates on a shorter timescale and updates every unit duration. The two levels communicate with each other, and thus the entire architecture is trained jointly end-to-end by back-propagation. HAPPIER, profited from the strength of the hierarchical structure, generates polyphonic music with long-term dependencies compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Shattering and Particle Interarrival Times Measured by Optical Array Probes in Ice Clouds

Abstract Optical array probes are one of the most important tools for determining the microphysical structure of clouds. It has been known for some time that the shattering of ice crystals on the housing of these probes can lead to incorrect measurements of particle size distributions and subsequently derived microphysical properties if the resulting spurious particles are not rejected. In this paper it is shown that the interarrival times of particles measured by these probes can be bimodal—the “cloud” probes are more affected than the “precipitation” probes. The long interarrival time mode represents real cloud structure while the short interarrival time mode results from fragments of shattered ice particles. It is demonstrated for the flights considered here that if the fragmented particles are filtered using an interarrival time threshold of 2 × 10−4 s in three of the four cases and 1 × 10−5 s in the other, then the measured total concentration can be affected by up to a factor of 4 in situations wher.
Canny Mask Segmentation with Laplacian Sigmas In Content Based Image Retrieval System

Content-based image retrieval draws many of its methods from the field of image processing and is regarded by some as a subset of that field. It differs from these fields principally through its emphasis on the retrieval of images with desired characteristics from a collection of significant size. "Content-based" means that the search will analyze the actual contents of the image. The term 'content' in this context might refer colours, shapes, textures, or any other information that can be derived from the image itself. Without the ability to examine image content, searches must rely on metadata such as captions or
An efficient approach to Enrich Glioma Stem Cells from Glioma Cell Lines in Culture

Within a glioma tumor mass and even in established glioma cell lines, resides a sub-population of cells known as glioma stem cells. These cells are postulated to contribute significantly to the treatment resistance among patients, and in fact are responsible for tumor re-growth. Furthermore, current therapies favorably enrich these cells, leading to a devasting clinical prognosis among the majority of patients. To date, several approaches were implemented to identify and isolate glioma stem cells based on exploiting the molecular and physical properties, but still continue to have major inherent pitfalls. We report herein an observation and a novel approach which is a rapid, simple and cost effective way to isolate and enrich glioma stem cells from human glioma cell lines in culture. An understanding of the biology of these cells and especially responses to current treatments will certainly assist in the discovery of improved therapies.
Genetic variability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cultured in Iran using molecular RAPD markers

In the present study we evaluated the amount and distribution of genetic variation by using RAPD marker variation of 12 markers loci in three broodstock groups of rainbow trout. A total of 47 polymorphic bands were observed in Iranian strain, average number of bands was 10 and average number of polymorphic bands per primer was 3.92. The total detected bands in rainbow trout strain originated from French, was 120 bands with an average number of 10 bands per RAPD primer. A total of 117 amplified were detected in Norwegian population, with an average number of bands and average number of polymorphic bands per primer was 9.75 and 2.58, respectively. Data for observed and effective number of alleles, Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon’s information index for all the three populations were 1.31, 1.20, 0.120 and 0.170, respectively. The mean coefficient of gene differentiation value and the estimate of gene flow across the populations were found as 0.299 and 0.171, respectively. The Nei measures of genetic distance and identity between pairs of rainbow trout strains indicate that the strain originated from France and Iran has the highest genetic identity, while the fish originated from Norway and France showed the greatest genetic distance.
Preventing credit card data breaches . A framework of critical indicators

Credit card breaches are an actual topic and even though standards have been defined to protect the data, breaches still occur. Large organizations that store, process or transfer credit card data must be compliant with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS). This standard aims to assist and guide organizations in setting up and maintaining a secure basis for their IT environment. Events showed that just being PCI-DSS compliant is not enough to have a secure IT environment. Additional actions must be taken to try to prevent data breaches of credit card data. By investigating the process of a credit card transaction from customer to the bank, investigating current protection standards (PCI Data Security Standard) and by researching previous breaches, studies and having interviews with subject matter experts, a list of fifteen indicators is developed that are warnings for a possible data breach. These indicators are structured in a way that can support organizations (i.e. merchants) at developing a strategy that will help them discovering a data breach of credit card data in an early phase. The indicator framework is validated during interviews with subject matter experts in order to gain the best knowledge on what steps should be included.
Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 2×2 thermo-optic (TO) crossbar switch implemented by dual photonic crystal nanobeam (PCN) cavities within a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. By thermally tuning the refractive index of silicon, the resonance wavelength of the PCN cavities can be red-shifted. With the help of the ultrasmall mode volumes of the PCN cavities, only ∼0.16 mW power is needed to change the switching state. With a spectral passband of 0.09 nm at the 1583.75 nm operation wavelength, the insertion loss (IL) and crosstalk (CT) performances were measured as IL(bar)=−0.2 dB, CT(bar)=−15 dB, IL(cross)=−1.5 dB, and CT(cross)=−15 dB. Furthermore, the thermal tuning efficiency of the fabricated device is as high as 1.23 nm/mW.