Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sixty Years of Moments for Random Matrices

This is an elementary review, aimed at non-specialists, of results that have been obtained for the limiting distribution of eigenvalues and for the operator norms of real symmetric random matrices via the method of moments. This method goes back to a remarkable argument of Eugen Wigner some sixty years ago which works best for independent matrix entries, as far as symmetry permits, that are all centered and have the same variance. We then discuss variations of this classical result for ensembles for which the variance may depend on the distance of the matrix entry to the diagonal, including in particular the case of band random matrices, and/or for which the required independence of the matrix entries is replaced by some weaker condition. This includes results on ensembles with entries from Curie-Weiss random variables or from sequences of exchangeable random variables that have been obtained quite recently.
A high-density sea-of-gates architecture incorporating testability support

A new CMOS sea-of-gates master array architecture is presented. In this architecture, not only are routing considerations taken into account, but also performance considerations. These routing and performance arguments have both been used to determine the transistor gate widths. In doing so a high-density sea-of-gates architecture has been designed with good routing and performance characteristics. Special hardware was incorporated in the architecture to support design for testability. <<ETX>>
Chemical reasonableness in Rietveld analysis; organics

We know a lot about normal values of bond distances, bond angles, torsion angles, and other molecular parameters. This knowledge can be incorporated into the structure solution process and into Rietveld refinement through the use of restraints and rigid bodies. An important measure of the quality of the refined model is the chemical reasonableness of molecular geometry. Refinement of the structures of calcium tartrate tetrahydrate and guaifenesin is used to illustrate the importance of chemical reasonableness in determining the quality of a Rietveld refinement.
Statistical methods in experimentation recommendation models for discovering gene regulation pathways

In recent years, scientists and health professionals have become overwhelmed by the amount of genomic data available for epidemiological studies and patient care. In April 1996, the genome sequence of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was completed. By December 1999, the first plant's complete genome sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana was published. The Human Genome Project and Celera completed a working draft reference of the human genome DNA sequence in June 2000. Microarray and high throughput RNA sequence technology has opened a new era for gene expression studies. It enables us to measure the level of mRNA from different genes among different cells. Large microarray datasets provide opportunities to learn causal relationships among the genes, and compile in‐depth knowledge of physiology of different diseases. We have to deal with many issues to achieve this, including: Validity of the microarray and high throughput RNA sequence measurements; Experimental design of gene expression studies; Analysis of gene expression experimental results.
IDIOMATICITY OF ENGLISH BUSINESS TERMS AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN LITHUANIAN

The paper presents the survey of idiomatic English business terms and their Lithuanian equivalents. The study was based on the theory of idioms and idiomaticity, highlighting the idea that idiomaticity can affect single words, word combinations, and longer text passages. Idiomatic business terms were taken from different English and Lithuanian general and special dictionaries, course books, as well as business texts. The analyzed terms were classified into distinct groups according to their meaning. The key problem encountered was the lack of Lithuanian translation equivalents to certain idiomatic English business terms. Possible Lithuanian translation was provided.
Three dimensional reconstruction of neuron morphology from confocal microscopy images

In recent years it has been more common to see 3D visualization of objects applied in many different areas. In neuroscience research, 3D visualization of neurons acquired at different depth views (i.e. image stacks) by means of confocal microscopy are of increase use. However in the best case, these visualizations only help to have a qualitative description of the neuron shape. Since it is well know that neuronal function is intimately related to its morphology. Having a precise characterization of neuronal structures such as axons and dendrites is critical to perform a quantitative analysis and thus it allows to design neuronal functional models based on neuron morphology. Currently there exists different commercial software to reconstruct neuronal arbors, however these processes are labor intensive since in most of the cases they are manually made. In this paper we propose a new software capable to reconstruct 3D neurons from confocal microscopy views in a more efficient way, with minimal user intervention. The propose algorithm is based on finding the tubular structures present in the stack of images using a modify version of the minimal graph cut algorithm. The model is generated from the segmented stack with a modified version of the Marching Cubes algorithm to generate de 3D isosurface. Herein we describe the principles of our 3D segmentation technique and the preliminary results.
E-book Subscription in a Distance Education Institution: A Case of Indira Gandhi National Open University, India

Abstract The present study details e-book subscriptions at Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) Library, New Delhi, India, and describes the various publishers and aggregators of e-books, collections, pricing models, access, functionality, and other important features of various packages. It highlights the challenges to overcome in stabilizing e-book solutions for academic libraries, especially libraries operating for the benefit of off-campus learners. The study considers the elements and strategies of e-book collection development and access which must be adopted by academic libraries, especially for distance education facilities.
The new method of Extraction and Analysis of Non-linear Features for face recognition

In this paper, we introduce the new method of Extraction and Analysis of Non-linear Features (EANF) for face recognition based on extraction and analysis of nonlinear features i.e. Locality Preserving Analysis. In our proposed algorithm, EANF removes disadvantages such as the length of search space, different sizes and qualities of imagees due to various conditions of imaging time that has led to problems in the previous algorithms and removes the disadvantages of ELPDA methods (local neighborhood separator analysis) using the Scatter matrix in the form of a between-class scatter that this matrix introduces and displayes the nearest neighbors to K of the outer class by the samples. In addition, another advantage of EANF is high-speed in the face recognition through miniaturizing the size of feature matrix by NLPCA (Non-Linear Locality Preserving Analysis). Finally, the results of tests on FERET Dataset show the impact of the proposed method on the face recognition. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ijece.v2i6. 1773
Multispectral imaging: an application to density measurement of photographic paper in the manufacturing process control

In this paper, we present an industrial application of multispectral imaging, for density measurement of colorants in photographic paper. We designed and developed a 9-band LED illumination based multispectral imaging system specifically for this application in collaboration with FUJIFILM Manufacturing Europe B.V. , Tilburg, Netherlands. Unlike a densitometer, which is a spot density measurement device, the proposed system enables fast density measurement in a large area of a photo paper. Densities of the four colorants (CMYK) at every surface point in an image are calculated from the spectral reflectance image. Fast density measurements facilitate automatic monitoring of density changes (which is proportional to thickness changes), which helps control the manufacturing process for quality and consistent output. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Synthesis of Allylamine Plasma Polymer Films: Correlation between Plasma Diagnostic and Film Characteristics

Primary amine-based plasma polymer films (NH 2 -PPF) were synthesized using plasma polymerization of allylamine in continuous wave (CW) and pulsed radio-frequency (RF) modes. Plasma chemistry, studied by residual gas analysis mass spectrometry, revealed that the precursor fragmentation is a function of the equivalent power (P eq ) dissipated in the discharge, independently of the plasma mode used. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry suggests as the precursor fragmentation in the plasma increases: (i) a decrease of the primary amine concentration in the NH 2 -PPF (%NH 2 ) and (ii) an increase of the cross-linking degree. For a given P eq , similar to the precursor fragmentation in the plasma, the NH 2 -PPF characteristics were found to be independent of the plasma mode used. Therefore, the main advantage of using pulsed RF processes over CW ones is the possibility to work at very low P eq which enables low precursor fragmentation, optimization of %NH 2 , and reduction of the film cross-linking degree. The chemical composition and the cross-linking degree of the NH 2 -PPF synthesized by allylamine plasma polymerization can thus be tailored by adjusting the equivalent RF power injected in the plasma.
The Importance of Bioinformatics in NGS: Breaking the Bottleneck in Data Interpretation

Unprecedented advances have been made in the speed and throughput of next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms over the last decade. This progress has imposed increasingly high demands on the bioinformatics tools necessary for analysis of the data generated, which has grown exponentially. Although hundreds of thousands of samples have been sequenced, our ability to find, associate, and implicate genetic variants and candidate disease genes far outstrips our ability to understand them. Many researchers are comfortable with NGS technology, but encounter difficulties with the bioinformatics portion of their workflow, rendering NGS a less attractive option as their primary sequencing platform. However, once clear bioinformatics procedures are established and optimized this bottleneck can be removed, resulting in smooth and routine data interpretation processes and expedited research discoveries. During this webinar, our expert speakers will discuss their bioinformatics strategies and applications in range of fields of clinical research. View the Webinar
The Cognitive Correlates of Anthropomorphism

While anthropomorphism in human-robot interaction is often discussed, it still appears to lack formal grounds. We recently proposed a first model of the dynamics of anthropomorphism that reflects the evolution of anthropomorphism in the human-robot interaction over time. The model also accounts for non-monotonic effects like the so-called novelty effect. This contribution proposes to build upon this model to investigate the cognitive correlates induced by a sustained human-robot interaction and we present here our initial ideas. We propose to distinguish three cognitive phases: pre-cognitive, familiarity-based, and adapted anthropomorphism, and we outline how these phases relate to the phenomenological evolution of anthropomorphism over time.
Digital implementation of nonuniformity correction for IRFPAs

All IRFPAs require nonuniformity correction. Although two- point or multi-point correction algorithms may correct the nonuniformity of IRFPAs they can be limited by pixel nonlinearities and instabilities. So adaptive nonuniformity correction techniques are needed. Many researchers develop the methods of real-time correction based the scene being viewed. The nonuniformity correction process is completed in IRFPA sensor named smart FPA. However, the smart IRFPA is developing. The purpose of this paper is to describe a digital signal processing electronics for the nonuniformity correction. It includes ADSP21060 digital signal processor, 8751 chip and display circuit module. The image data from IRFPA are put into the dual RAM. The ADSP21060 DSP completes the nonuniformity correction function while the 8751 chip operates control function. At the same time, the correction results will be displayed on a monitor. The neural networks algorithms and the constant-statistics algorithm are tested in our digital implementations. When the image size is 60*97, processing time per frame is 14.75 millisecond for the neural network algorithm and it is 12.65 millisecond for the constant-statistics algorithm. Measured results show that digital processing system designed by us may achieve demand of real-time nonuniformity correction based the scene for small IRFPAs.
Multibeam planar arrays

The application of general N-port Butler matrices to the generation of multiple beams-from planar arrays is described. It is shown that the array must satisfy a "covering" condition. The interconnection of array and matrix is derived. The method, for determination of beam position is developed and applied to rectangular arrays to improve beam crossover level. Examples are presented.
Simple Models of Human Locomotion

The human body is a complex structure, but our understanding of its movements is greately enhanced by extremely simple mathematical models. A model of walking shows why we have to break into a run at speeds above 3 meters per second, and why the critical speed is lower for children and on the moon. A model of running jumps show why long jumpers run up at a fast sprinting speed, but high jumpers run up much more slowly. Finally, a model od standing jumps explains why athletes can jump higher by using a countermovement than from a static squatting position. The body is represented in these models as a small number of rigid segments connected by hinge joints, powered by muscles with realistic physiological properties.
VLSI architecture design of a versatile variable length decoding chip for real-time video codecs

The authors describe a VLSI architecture of a versatile variable length decoder suitable for several-coding algorithms. This design can achieve real-time performance for video codecs and is based on the CCITT recommendation H.261 format. It includes an extra module to decode the variable length codes (VLC) defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). Moreover, taking into account the fact that some VLCs used by H.261 and/or JPEG might be incorporated into the evolving ISO Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) algorithm, the design uses (a) PLAs for fixed VLC tables which can be shared by different algorithms and (b) content addressable memory (CAM) for downloadable tables to accommodate variations. The authors also describe a deformatter, implemented by a finite-state machine, whose function is to extract header information embedded in the coded bit-stream. <<ETX>>
Research on the Structures and Resolutions of Internet Namespaces

With the rapid growth of Internet, the structures and resolutions of Internet namespaces are facing with new challenges. IP address is overloaded in semantics because it is used to represent both the location and the identity of a device. The namespace resolution system DNS can't satisfy many new application demands with its unique service model, slow update speed, and weak capability in resource description. Many network middleboxes, such as NAT, various agents and firewalls, also destroy the Internet architecture and the Internet namespaces. Based on these, researchers bring forth many solutions to improve the structures and resolutions of Internet namespaces. This paper analyzes the problems in the structures and resolutions of current Internet namespaces, and then makes categories, surveys, and comparisons on the improvement solutions to them. Finally, future research trends on this area are discussed.
Comparing image segmentation algorithms for content based image retrieval systems.

This article discusses how to compare different image segmentation algorithms parameters in order to choose the most optimal algorithm parameters for a specific task(s) (e.g. feature extraction, spatial reasoning, topological analysis). Our method of comparison lets the user decide which segmentation algorithm/parameters are the most suitable for his system, this decision is obtained according to three indicators: the amount of relevant visual information as well as the noise in image regions, the average number of regions per images and the average number of regions per object.
Method of scanning-path determination for color three-dimensional laser measurement

This paper presents a novel scanning-path determination method to choose a next best view, using a combination of the shape-from-silhouette and convex-hull methods to ensure the accuracy and integrity of measured object surface data. A backlight system is used to illuminate the scene to acquire silhouettes from different viewpoints, from which an approximate 3-D surface model can be deduced. The scanning path is determined according to the convex hull of the approximate model so as to specify the movement of a three-axis motion table to achieve automatic measurement. With a mathematical model of a sensor equipped with a color CCD and a line-structured laser, 3-D color data of the object can be obtained integrally and accurately.
A Model based approach to Implement Cloud Computing in E-Governance

the current scenario every enterprise want to implement Cloud Computing to fulfill their computing needs. These changes naturally should reflect the way government functions in terms of the organization of the government, its relationship with its citizens, institutions and businesses and cooperation with other governments. The critical problem (Rastogi 2010) discussed for the developing countries is the necessary infrastructure to implement the E-services. In another paper he (Rastogi 2010) also discusses how to overcome the E-governance problems faced by the developing countries. Application of Cloud computing for the better E- governance in Developing countries In this paper we propose a model based framework to implement cloud computing. Keyword : Information Technology, Cloud Computing, E- governance
A tale of two national curriculums: issues in implementing the national curriculum for information and communications technology in initial teacher training

This article presents the results of a research project aimed at finding out the position of the University of Sheffield's partnership secondary schools of being able to support the National Curriculum in information and communications technology (ICT) in initial teacher training in the United Kingdom. Legislation came into force in the academic year 1998-99 regarding this curriculum innovation and this research was carried out in the year prior to this. The evidence from the research suggests that the major problems inhibiting the use of ICT (i.e. lack of resources and training) still exist and many schools are not positive about their ability to meet the new criteria. This is most evident in the area of classroom-based ICT work, a main requirement of the new legislation. In spite of this apparent weakness, the evidence also shows that students feel overall that their ICT general and subject-based knowledge does increase over the period of their training and that their teaching practices help in this way. The article concludes that with present funding initiatives for ICT resources and training, the situation should improve but that this will take several years to become apparent. During this interim period, inspection teams are cautioned about possibly being too hasty in their condemnation of ICT support proffered by schools. Failure to do so could do irreparable damage to the developing links being nurtured between schools and higher education establishments and minimise the impact of present ICT funding initiatives
Ongoing Research/Recherche en cours

Solaris. The Experience of a Scientific Journal on the Internet. The development of the Internet has Involved experiments in scientific communications and, in a more general context. scientific journals are currently confronted with the growth of computer-aided communications and documentation. In this article, we give a brief history and describe aspects of the development of Solaris , a French scholarly journal (which also publishes some English articles) in Information and communications sciences. After studying the development of other electronic scientific journals. we can ldentify certain major trends concerning the founders, the flnancing, the submission of articles, the services available, the citations and other developments.
Disparidades do desenvolvimento urbano e rural: uma análise espacial para as microrregiões do estado de Minas Gerais

As novas dinâmicas economicas e o aumento da urbanizacao, que distanciaram a regiao rural brasileira do contexto exclusivamente das atividades agropecuarias, pautaram a retomada dos debates que procuram delimitar os diferentes niveis de relacionamento entre o rural e o urbano. Dentro deste contexto, o trabalho, a partir do Indice de Desenvolvimento da Familia (IDF), analisa o nivel de integracao das condicoes de vida das familias urbanas e rurais das sessenta e seis microrregioes do Estado de Minas Gerais no ano de 2000. Para identificar a estrutura espacial do (IDF) e de suas dimensoes utilizou-se o metodo da Analise Exploratoria de Dados Espaciais (AEDE) por meio da estatistica I de Moran e da identificacao de clusters. As analises demonstraram que as condicoes de vida e o bem-estar das familias sao condicionados pela realidade socioeconomica e geografica das regioes em que estao inseridas. Observou-se um quadro de forte desigualdade no desenvolvimento humano das familias mineiras, tanto no que diz respeito as condicoes de vida entre as regioes urbana e rural, quanto nas disparidades entre as regioes sul e norte do estado.
A parallel optimization framework in grid environment

Grid is a solution to computationally and data intensive computing problems. Since the distributed knowledge discovery process is both data and computational intensive, the Grid is a natural platform for deploying a high performance data mining service. The approach to efficient data mining is parallelization, where the whole computation is broken up into parallel tasks. Existing mechanisms of data mining parallelization are based on NOW or SMP, it is necessary to develop new parallel mechanism for grid feature. We propose a new framework for easily and efficiently parallelizing data mining algorithms on Grid. The framework decomposes tasks according to each of the existing computing power of grid.