Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fish composition (Teleostei) of the estuarine region of the Macaé River, southeastern Brazil

The first checklist of fishes of the estuary of the Macae River (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil) and its adjacent freshwater section is presented. A total of 24,157 specimens belonging to 110 species in 44 families and 21 orders of the Teleostei were collected based on quarterly samplings, between June 2011 and March 2012. The Sciaenidae was the most representative family in species number, whereas the Ariidae, Pristigasteridae, and the invasive Clariidae predominated numerically and/or in terms of biomass. One hundred fifty-seven species of the Teleostei are now recorded in the Macae River, including 68 species previously reported from its upper and middle portions. More than 100 of them permanently or temporarily inhabit the lower 16 km of the river, suggesting that the estuary is relevant to the maintenance of the fish diversity of the region in spite of several human activities that have significantly altered its natural features.
Wheat crown rot pathogen Fusarium graminearum and F . 2 pseudograminearum lacks specialization 4

14 This paper reports a lack of pathogenic specialization among Australian Fusarium graminearum and F. pseudograminearum causing crown rot (CR) of wheat using analysis 16 of variance (ANOVA), principal component and biplot analysis, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W), and kappa (κ) statistics. Overall, F. pseudograminearum was more 18 aggressive than F. graminearum supporting earlier delineation of the crown-infecting Chakraborty Page number 2 Phytopathology group as a new species. Although significant line by isolate interaction in ANOVA suggested putative specialization when seedlings of 60 wheat lines were inoculated with 2 4 pathogen isolates or 26 lines were inoculated with 10 isolates, significant W and κ showed agreement in rank order of lines indicating a lack of specialization. The first 4 principal component representing non-differential aggressiveness explained a large part, up to 65%, of the variation in CR severity. The differential components were small and 6 more pronounced in seedlings than in adult plants. By maximizing variance on the first two principal components, biplots were useful to highlight association between isolates 8 and wheat lines. A key finding of this work is that a range of analytical tools are needed to explore pathogenic specialization and a statistically significant interaction in an ANOVA 10 can not be taken as conclusive evidence of specialization. With no highly resistant wheat varieties, Fusarium isolates mostly differ in aggressiveness but specialization may appear 12 as more resistant varieties become widespread. 14 Additional keywords: pathogenic specialization, biplot analysis, wheat, necrotrophic pathogen, Kendall coefficient of concordance, kappa statistics 16
2 The Berhu penalty 2 . 1 The adaptive Berhu

Abstract. The Huber’s criterion is a useful method for robust regression. The adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) is a popular technique for simultaneous estimation and variable selection. In the case of small sample size and large covariables numbers, this penalty is not very satisfactory variable selection method. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive reversed version of Huber’s criterion as a penalty function. We call this penalty adaptive Berhu penalty. As for elastic net penalty, small coefficients contribute their `1 norm to this penalty while larger coefficients cause it to grow quadratically (as ridge regression). We show that the estimator associated with criterion such that ordinary least square or Huber’s one combining with adaptive Berhu penalty enjoys the oracle properties. In addition, this procedure encourages a grouping effect. This approach is compared with adaptive elastic net regularization. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate satisfactory finite-sample performance of such procedure. A real example is analyzed for illustration purposes.
Electrodynamic Containment of Charged Particles

Electrically charged iron and aluminum particles having diameters of a few microns have been contained in a confined region of space by means of alternating and static electric fields. The theory is essentially that of alternating gradient focusing; here the motion is governed by Mathieu's equation. Under certain circumstances when many particles are confined the three dimensional focusing force and the Coulomb repulsion results in a ``crystaline'' array which can be ``melted'' and reformed.
For Peer Review 0 Posing 3 D Models from Drawings

ALEXANDROS GOUVATSOS, Centre for Digital Entertainment, National Centre for Computer Animation, Bournemouth University and Hibbert Ralph Animation, UK ZHIDONG XIAO, Centre for Digital Entertainment, National Centre for Computer Animation, Bournemouth University, UK NEIL MARSDEN, Hibbert Ralph Animation, UK JIAN J. ZHANG, Centre for Digital Entertainment, National Centre for Computer Animation, Bournemouth University, UK
Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation : the “ why ” behind their coexistence

Hypertension and atrial fibrillation commonly coexist, uncontrolled blood pressure being considered a major risk factor for several cardiac complications including new-onset atrial fibrillation. Systolic blood pressure is an important determinant of recurrent AF and overall AF burden in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF≤40%). On the other side, atrial fibrillation is considered the most prevalent concomitant condition in hypertensive patients, a common cause of cardiovascular complications like stroke, enhanced disability and mortality. Antihypertensive treatment may contribute to a reduction of risk of AF development and complications, and it appears that some classes of drugs are superior to others in preventing newonset AF and stroke.
Novel oral anticoagulant drugs in hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation

Hypertension (HTN) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are two major conditions that co-exist in many cardiac patients. The Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) trials have largely focused on the reduction in stroke/ systemic embolic events (primary outcome) and the rate of intracranial hemorrhage/major bleeding/ clinicallyrelevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding (safety outcome), but did not account for the impact and treatment of HTN in the disease process. Subsequent studies have used the data in these large-scale trials to take a closer look at HTN and its effect on the outcome of NOACs versus warfarin. This review briefly explains the current understanding of the relationship between AF and HTN and their pathophysiology and presents the sub-trials stemming from the data in the large NOAC trials where HTN has been investigated. These trials have demonstrated non-inferiority/ superiority of NOACs in regards to warfarin is maintained, regardless of the hypertensive status of the patients and have largely shown hypertension to be a significant independent risk factor for ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolic events, as well as major or non-major bleeding. This is supported by the inclusion of hypertension as a risk factor in both the CHADS-VASC and the HAS-BLED score, therefore emphasizing strict control of hypertension in order to reduce cardioembolic and hemorrhagic events.
The Late Heavy Bombardment

Heavily cratered surfaces on the Moon, Mars, and Mercury show that the terrestrial planets were battered by an intense bombardment during their first billion years or more, but the timing, sources, and dynamical implications of these impacts are controversial. The Late Heavy Bombardment refers to impact events that occurred after stabilization of the planetary lithospheres such that they could be preserved as craters and basins. Lunar melt rocks and meteorite shock ages point toward a discrete episode of elevated impact flux between ∼3.5 and ∼4.0–4.2 Ga, and a relative quiescence between ∼4.0–4.2 and ∼4.4 Ga. Evidence from Precambrian impact spherule layers suggests that a long-lived tail of terrestrial impactors lasted to ∼2.0–2.5 Ga. Dynamical models that include populations residual from primary accretion and destabilized by giant planet migration can potentially account for the available observations, although all have pros and cons. The most parsimonious solution to match constraints is a hybrid mode.
Dynamic social network mining: issues and prospects

The past few years have witnessed the rapid proliferation of Web communities such as social networking sites, wikis, blogs, and media sharing communities. The published social content is commonly characterized by a high dynamicity and reflects the most recent trends and common user behaviors. The Data mining and Knowledge Discovery (KDD) process focuses on discovering and analyzing relevant information hidden in large data collections to support expert decision making. Hence, the application of data mining techniques to data coming from social networks and online communities is definitely an appealing research topic. This Chapter overviews most recent data mining approaches proposed in the context of social network analysis. In particular, it aims at classifying the proposed approaches based on both the adopted mining strategies and their suitability for supporting knowledge discovery in a dynamic context. To provide a thorough insight into the proposed approaches, main work issues and prospects in dynamic social network analysis are also outlined. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4213-3.ch007
Correlation functions of the chiral stress-tensor multiplet in N=4 SYM

We give a new method for computing the correlation functions of the chiral part of the stress-tensor supermultiplet that relies on the reformulation of N=4 SYM in twistor space. It yields the correlation functions in the Born approximation as a sum of Feynman diagrams on twistor space that involve only propagators and no integration vertices. We use this unusual feature of the twistor Feynman rules to compute the correlation functions in terms of simple building blocks which we identify as a new class of N=4 off-shell superconformal invariants. Making use of the duality between correlation functions and planar scattering amplitudes, we demonstrate that these invariants represent an off-shell generalisation of the on-shell invariants defining tree-level scattering amplitudes in N=4 SYM.
Testing the Role of Phonetic Naturalness in Mandarin Tone Sandhi

It has long been noted that phonological patterning is influenced by phonetic factors. But phonologists diverge on whether phonetic motivations take effect in synchronic or diachronic phonology. This article aims to tease apart the two theories by investigating native Mandarin speakers’ applications of two tone sandhi processes to novel words: the phonetically motivated contour reduction 213￻21/__T (T� 213) and the neutralizing 213￻35/__213 whose phonetic motivations are less clear. Twenty Mandarin subjects were asked to produce two monosyllables they heard as disyllabic words. Five groups of disyllabic words were tested: AO-AO (AO=actual occurring morpheme) where the disyllable is also a real word, AO-AO’ where the disyllable is nonoccurring, AO-AG (AG=accidental gap in Mandarin lexicon — legal syllable and tone but non-existent combination), AG-AO, and AG-AG. The first syllable is always 213, and the second syllable has one of the four tones in Mandarin. Results show that speakers apply the phonetically more natural 213￻21 sandhi more quickly and with greater accuracy than the 213￻35 sandhi. Theoretically, the study supports the direct relevance of phonetics to synchronic phonology by showing that there is a psychological advantage to phonetically natural patterns. Methodologically, it complements existing research paradigms that test the nature of the phonology-phonetics relationship, e.g., the study of phonological acquisition and the artificial language paradigm; when extended to other Chinese dialects, it can also provide insights into the long-standing mystery of how Chinese speakers internalise complicated tone sandhi patterns that sometimes involve opacity, near-neutralization, and syntactic dependency.
1 Self-consciousness and healthy personality in online 2 shopping behavior 3

Self-consciousness can be considered as the internal disposition to direct attention to 8 oneself. This dispositional tendency can be focused on private aspects of the self, but also on public 9 characteristics of the individual. We examine self-consciousness in online consumer behavior. This 10 concept has been poorly investigated in consumer research. The main objective of this paper is to 11 analyze the influence of the dimensions of self-consciousness in consumer adoption of online 12 shopping. This study is based on a sample of 725 Spanish undergraduates. Results indicated that 13 public self-consciousness is a significant predictor of the adoption of online shopping. 14
Roadside vegetation: estimation and potential for carbon sequestration.

Abstract: The present paper reports the assessment of the vegetation occupancy rate of the roadside, through analysis of aerial photographs. Using such value the potential of these areas to be employed as carbon (C) sinks was also assessed. Moreover, for the areas suitable for afforestation, the potential for carbon sequestration was estimated considering different species of vegetation, both native (scenario 1) and exotic (formed by Pinus sp. and Eucalyptus sp. - scenario 2). The study was carried out through GIS techniques and two regions were considered. A set of equations was used to estimate the rate of occupancy over the study areas, as well as amounts of fixed C under the above scenarios. The average occupancy rate was 0.06%. The simulation showed a higher potential for C sequestration in scenario 2, being the estimated amounts of CO2 sequestered from the atmosphere per km of roadside: 131 tons of CO2 km-1 of highway to native species and 655 tons of CO2 km-1 of highway for exotic species (over period of 10 years for both estimates). If we consider the whole road network of the Sao Paulo State (approximately 190 000 km) and that a considerable part of this road work is suitable to receive this kind of service, it is possible to predict the very high potential for C sequestration if managers and planners consider roadside as area for afforestation.
Automotive Sound Quality - Accessories, BSR, and Brakes

In this third article in the series, I describe the sound quality criteria for automotive BSR (buzz, squeak and rattle), accessories, brakes and door open/close. The previous article discussed the sound quality of powertrain, wind and road noise, while the objective of this article is to provide a brief summary of objective parameters or metrics that are used for the other main subsystem/ components in a vehicle. The description of the techniques used to derive either of these metrics (signal processing) or their correlation to customer perception (jury studies) is outside the scope of this article. However, an extensive list of references is provided, where these methods are described in detail. Engine-Powered Accessories These are the accessories driven by the engine through a serpentine belt – alternator, power steering pump, air conditioning compressor. The sound quality attributes induced in the vehicle cabin are tonal components derived from the fundamental frequencies of the prime movers (the compressor for the HVAC system, the power steering pump for the hydraulic-assist steering system, etc.). The perceived attributes are typically classified as: Moan, whine and hiss for the power steering system •� . Moan is the term typically used for a tone in the low frequency range (typically 200 to 400 Hz). Whine is used for tones in the higher frequency range (up to 2 kHz), and hiss is a few narrow-band components (each one is wider than a tone but typically not broader than 100 Hz or so). Moan and growl for the AC compressor
Employment relations and managerial work: an international perspective

the subprime financial crisis that erupted in 2007 has once again stimulated widespread concern about the structure, behaviour and ethics of large corporations (especially american corporations). most discussion has focused at the summit of the organization, on corporate governance, new financial instruments and executive reward systems (bogle, 2008; kaplan, 2008; Walsh, 2008). several analysts have argued that the american ‘model’ of business has lost much of its appeal following the subprime disaster (capelli, 2009; Whitley, 2009). While not wishing to dismiss these concerns, this chapter suggests that there are also some other major problems taking place on a daily basis in organizational life, further down the corporate hierarchy, that are equally as important as the debates about ‘topend’ corporate governance. in light of recent events in the corporate landscape, which have involved increasingly tough international competition alongside financial crises, scandals and corporate failures, the issue of just how wellrun large companies are is of major concern. amidst this discussion, there is concern in the academic (Green, 2006) as well as the more popular (bunting, 2004; Fraser, 2001) literature about a distinct decline in the quality of working life for millions of employees in advanced oecd nations. this has long been an issue for bluecollar work but in recent decades it has also become increasingly relevant to whitecollar, middle class occupations such as professionals and managers (cameron et al., 1991; hochschild, 2003). new organizational forms have involved flatter hierarchies, which squeeze out middle management positions. but has restructuring actually had the desired effects for corporations? Given the frantic work pace that middle managers are often exposed to, organizational errors, inefficiencies and failures may also have become more widespread. ours is an era which seems to privilege speed and change over structure and stability. but for what purpose? in short, what have these changes in the organizational
Variations and development in Frisian sandhi phenomena

IntroductionWhere a dominant and a subordinate language are spoken in one area, thecurrent view is that the subordinate language will be influenced by thedominant language. Because Friesland has a bilingual situation, in whichDutch is the dominant language in more forma! domains, one might expectFrisian to change under the influence of Dutch. In such a process, women,the upper classes, and younger people are supposed to change first. We there­fore frame the hypothesis that these groups will generally show Dutch linguis­tic forms to a greater extent.Soda! and linguistic variables \SodalvariablesOur inquiry 'Changes in pronunciation of Frisian under. the influence ofDutch' focuses on the pronunciation of a number ofsandhi phenomena inthe Frisian and the Dutch ofnative speakers of Frisian. We expect the pro­nunciation of Frisian and Dutch ofthe individual informants to run parallelas regards the extent ofits Frisian character.The project contains two elements that are rather unusual insociolinguisticresearch:1. Our informants are divided into groups of three belonging to the samefamily, either as grandfather, father, and son or as grandmother, mother, anddaughter (in order to keep other factors in the comparison between thegenerations maximally constant). 2. The informants are interviewed in Frisian and in Dutch by a Frisiannative speaker and a Dutch native speaker respectively (in order to keep thecircumstances of the interviews as natura1 as possib1e).
Can Generic Neural Networks Estimate Numerosity Like Humans?

Researchers exploring mathematical abilities have proposed that humans and animals possess an approximate number system (ANS) that enables them to estimate numerosities in visual displays. Experimental data shows that estimation responses exhibit a constant coefficient of variation (CV: ratio of variability of the estimates to their mean) for numerosities larger than four, and a constant CV has been taken as a signature characteristic of the innate ANS. For numerosities up to four, however, humans often produce error-free responses, suggesting the presence of estimation mechanisms distinct from the ANS specialized for this ‘subitizing range’. We explored whether a constant CV might arise from learning in generic neural networks using widely-used neural network learning procedures. We find that our networks exhibit a flat CV for numerosities larger than 4, but do not do so robustly for smaller numerosities. Our findings are consistent with the idea that estimation for numbers larger than 4 may not require innate specialization for number, while also supporting the view that a process different from the one we model may underlie estimation responses for the smallest numbers.
Atomic radii of noble gas elements in condensed phases Yor , xuB

Neutral atomic radii of dissolved noble gas elements in condensed phases are obtained by treating the neutral atoms as "ions" ofzero oxidation state and by interpolation from a plot of radius vs. oxidation state for isoelectronic ions. The major assumption is that the radius of an ion or a neutral atom having an electronic configuration of a noble gas element depends primarily on the interaction between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons and not on the interaction between the ion and its neighbors. As expected, the values ofthe new set ofradii are slightly greater than the univalent radii and smaller than the radii of noble gas atoms in their crystals (in which the coordination number is l2). The neutral atomic radii (in ingstrdms) of noble gas elements are
Government funding and resources availability in the delivery of primary education in Uganda

This study focused on the relationship between government funding and the resource availability in the delivery of primary education in Uganda The focus was on one of the upcountry districts of Mubende in Uganda which is among the many with grappling challenges in making up first grades at the Primary Leaving Examination level. The specific objectives were; (1) to determine the relationship between government funding and the availability of teachers, teaching and learning; (2) to ascertain the relationship between government funding and pupil accessibility to UPE schools; and (3) to examine the relationship between government funding and the availability of physical facilities in UPE schools. The sample comprised 102 stakeholders from ten (10) UPE schools who were selected from the district using simple random sampling. Results reveal that despite the national will and subvention that government continues to provide to schools at this level, there are still significant challenges with the availability of quality teachers, teaching and learning (r = .828, p<0.0001), accessibility (r = .398, p<0.0001) and the overall physical facilities in place are lacking and insignificant (r = .134, p>.180). It was concluded by a reminder that since the education is the yardstick that measures the achievements and aspirations of the nation, there is urgent need for government to not only significantly increase the funds allocated to UPE, but also provide it in a timely and continuous manner to enable education be offered with quality. It was finally observed that all stakeholders have a duty to ensure accessibility by all pupils who are beneficiaries at this level by playing their roles as parents and support the schools to ensure an attractive and/or conducive learning environment.