Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimum Meal Frequency Practice and Its Associated Factors among Children Aged 6–23 Months in Amibara District, North East Ethiopia

Background Minimum meal frequency, a proxy indicator for a child's energy requirements, examines the number of times children received foods other than breast milk. Without adequate diversity and meal frequency, infants and young children are vulnerable to malnutrition, especially stunting and micronutrient deficiencies, and increased morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, only 45% of children had fed with an age-appropriate minimum meal frequency. Objective The study was aimed to assess the minimal meal frequency practice, and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Amibara district, North East Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 07–May 23, 2018. Systematic random sampling technique was applied to select 367 children aged 6–23 months. The univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses model was used to identify potential predictors of meeting minimum meal frequency. All variables with P values <0.25 in the univariable analysis were taken to multivariable analysis, and variables at P values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results The study revealed a prevalence of minimum meal frequency 69.2% (95% CI: 0.64–0.74). Timely initiation of breastfeeding (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.17, 4.18)), current breastfeeding status (AOR = 7.5, 95% CI (3.95, 14.4)), meeting minimum dietary diversity (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI (1.85, 7.44)), and household hunger scale (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI (1.5, 12.5)) were some of the significant predictors to achieve minimum meal frequency. Conclusion The prevalence of minimum meal frequency practice is low in the study area. Current breastfeeding status, timely initiation of breastfeeding, no/little household hunger scale, and meeting minimum dietary diversity were found as significant predictors for minimum meal frequency practice. Mothers having children aged 6–23 months should be aware and practice appropriate infant and young child feeding practices including timely initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding till the child celebrate his/her second birthday, recommended meal frequency, and dietary diversity practice. In addition, households should be assessed and strengthened for food security.
The role of product design in circular economy business models

Circular economy business models have undoubtedly become a hot topic nowadays both in academia and among industrial practitioners and companies. In this paper, we focus on the product design practices that can be conceived in circular economy business models along two major dimensions: (i) the value network, i.e. the ways through which companies interact with suppliers and reorganize their own internal activities, and (ii) the customer value proposition and interface, i.e. the implementation of the circularity concept in proposing value to customers. Therefore, a theoretical framework of product design practices for circular economy business models is proposed and tested on a case study of an Italian manufacturing company.
Study on the Stability of Unpackaged CdS/CdTe Solar Cells with Different Structures

In this work, the stability of unpackaged CdTe solar cells with different configurations was investigated according to the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 61215-2016. The measurements of thermal cycling from -40°C to +85°C and 24-hour temperature cycling from -40°C to +85°C withstanding the effects of 20-hour penetration of 85°C were carried out in CdS/CdTe solar cells with structures of FTO/CdS/CdTe/Au, FTO/CdS/CdTe/back contact/Au, and FTO/MZO/CdS/CdTe/back contact/Au, respectively. The performances of these cells before and after the thermal aging experiments were investigated by using light and dark together with . The results reveal varied performance degradation before and after thermal aging in the cells with different structures. Among these, the most deteriorated device is the one without back contact (BC), whose efficiency decreased by 25.12% after thermal cycling accompanying an obvious roll-over phenomenon when forward bias was greater than open circuit voltage. On the contrary, the reduction in the efficiency was about 16.80% in the case cells with BC, and the roll-over phenomenon was not so significant. Furthermore, for the devices with optimized front contact of FTO/MZO, the thermal stability was improved obviously. Interestingly, short-circuit current density associated with the carrier concentration of cells remained relatively small variations compared with the change of and fill factor. All the results indicated that an efficient back contact layer and an optimized front electrode were the indispensable structural elements to attain high stabilization in the CdS/CdTe solar cells.
Word Association Strength, Mutual Information and Semantic Similarity

Associated word pairs differ in their degree of Association Strength, i.e., how commonly the target is given by subjects as a response to the cue. In the present work we investigated the degree to which Association Strength can be predicted by a measure of Mutual Information of the word pair, by the Semantic Similarity of the words, or by both factors jointly. We examined this issue in two compilations of free association norms, one in Hebrew and one in English, and analyzed circa 6,000 associated pairs in total. Further, English associated pairs were classified as syntagmatic or paradigmatic associates, while Hebrew noun pairs were classified according to the semantic relation between them (i.e., synonyms and antonyms). We found both Mutual Information and Semantic Similarity were significantly correlated with Association Strength for the English associates of both types. For the Hebrew associates, Mutual Information was significantly correlated with Association Strength for noun pairs related idiomatically, functionally and hierarchically, while Semantic Similarity was found to reliably predict Association Strength only for antonyms. The importance of these results for understanding the cognitive operations underlying the free association task is discussed.
Data Mining to Uncover Heterogeneous Water Use Behaviors From Smart Meter Data

Knowledge on the determinants and patterns of water demand for different consumers supports the design of customized demand management strategies. Smart meters coupled with big data analytics tools create a unique opportunity to support such strategies. Yet, at present, the information content of smart meter data is not fully mined and usually needs to be complemented with water fixture inventory and survey data to achieve detailed customer segmentation based on end use water usage. In this paper, we developed a data‐driven approach that extracts information on heterogeneous water end use routines, main end use components, and temporal characteristics, only via data mining existing smart meter readings at the scale of individual households. We tested our approach on data from 327 households in Australia, each monitored with smart meters logging water use readings every 5 s. As part of the approach, we first disaggregated the household‐level water use time series into different end uses via Autoflow. We then adapted a customer segmentation based on eigenbehavior analysis to discriminate among heterogeneous water end use routines and identify clusters of consumers presenting similar routines. Results revealed three main water end use profile clusters, each characterized by a primary end use: shower, clothes washing, and irrigation. Time‐of‐use and intensity‐of‐use differences exist within each class, as well as different characteristics of regularity and periodicity over time. Our customer segmentation analysis approach provides utilities with a concise snapshot of recurrent water use routines from smart meter data and can be used to support customized demand management strategies.
Hardware Based Security Algorithm for Real-Time Application

With the growth of technology, all information are getting digital and the number of data transmissions are getting increased every day. This eventually increases the data breaches and security threats associated with them. Network security plays a vital role in maintaining confidentiality of our personal and business data against these vulnerabilities by encrypting and decrypting using different security algorithms. The most recently used security algorithms are the Lightweight Encryption Algorithms (LEAs). The LEAs which are known for their low carbon footprints are the most commonly used algorithms to secure data in Internet of Things (IoT) and RFIDs. At the cost of providing data security, these algorithms should not affect the performance of the system such as power consumption and the area used. Hence it is necessary to find an algorithm which compromises these trade-offs and provides the best security possible. In this paper the KATAN – 32 algorithm which satisfies the criteria is chosen and implemented in both software (C language) and hardware (Verilog with BASYS 3 board) and also it is compared with other LEAs and justified to be the best among the others. INTRODUCTION: Now-a-days hackers have more opportunities and incentive than ever to target personal and business data. The technology growth made the information available in digital format. The poor security and lacking of cyber security upgrades during data transmission leaves the information vulnerable to attacks made the data at risk. For these reasons in industry and other organizations the security algorithms study and its implementation plays an important role. In several application and environments area unit utilized low ended devices, like RFID tags, assure to offer security and privacy is increasing in numbers now-a-days. To achieve these security and privacy there is a need to develop many appropriate building blocks, such as secure block ciphers. Fig 1. Overall block diagram The KATAN ciphers which is the new family of block ciphers is implemented in this project. The three types of KATAN ciphers such as KATAN 32, KATAN 48 and KATAN–64 is explored where KATAN – 32 is implemented in hardware (Basys 3 board) and in software (C programming). The block size for these three ciphers are different (n-bit for KATAN n). The 80 bit key is used in all these ciphers. KATAN cipher achieve minimal size because the gate equivalence is low, highly compact and provides adequate security. For the applications where the device is initialized with one key these algorithm is applicable. DESIGN FLOW: The below figure 2 shows the complete design flow of the KATAN 32 algorithm.
From gas-phase oxidation to nanoparticles: A mass spectrometric approach

Atmospheric aerosols are small liquid or solid particles suspended in the air. These small particles have significant effects to our climate and health. Approximately half of the particles that grow into cloud condensation nuclei −size are primary particles and emitted directly into the atmosphere, whereas the other half are secondary particles which are formed in the atmosphere. In new particle formation, molecular clusters form from atmospheric low-volatility vapors by condensation and/or chemical reactions. Atmospheric oxidation is a key phenomenon enhancing atmospheric particle formation since oxidized compounds condense easier due to their lower vapor pressure. So far two oxidation processes have been identified as relevant for new particle formation: the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid and oxidation of volatile organic compounds to highly oxygenated compounds. The most significant atmospheric oxidants have previously thought to be ozone, hydroxyl radical and nitrate radical. Recently the importance of stabilized Criegee intermediates in atmospheric oxidation has been brought into discussion. In this thesis, we used Chemical Ionization Atmospheric Pressure interface Time of Flight mass spectrometer together with different particle measurements in order to widen the understanding of the first steps of new particle formation. We also developed new mass spectrometric measurement techniques to fill the gaps in our current methods. We developed an indirect method to measure nonOH oxidants of sulfur dioxide to better understand the role of stabilized Criegee intermediates and other non-OH oxidants of sulfur dioxide in sulfuric acid formation. We also developed a new technique to determine concentration of ambient dimethylamine at sub-pptV-level. We used both of these new techniques to measure the ambient concentrations in Boreal forest, at SMEAR II station (Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations II, Hyytiälä, Finland). Furthermore, we measured new particle formation in different environments and in a chamber study and tried to identify the condensing vapors. We studied the ozonolysis of α-pinene, the most abundant monoterpene in the atmosphere, in controlled chamber measurements in order to be able to follow the formation of highly oxygenated organics and oxidation of sulfur dioxide purely by stabilized Criegee intermediates and compare the results with kinetic model results. We studied the new particle formation near an oil refinery and found that significantly large fraction of the growth during the new particle formation events was due to sulfuric acid condensation. In our studies at the Atlantic coast, we identified the molecular steps involved in new particle formation at iodine-rich environment and could follow the growth of molecular clusters by subsequent addition of iodic acid molecules. We also did field measurements in Arctic and Antarctic sites and showed that the occurrence of high iodic acid concentration is not limited only to coastal areas with macro algae
Wedding Processions and the Case for Universal Hearing Aid Insurance

Hearing loss has adverse effects and is most detrimental during early years for its impact on learning in general and language acquisition in particular. While not a cure, hearing aids are the only practical solution to hearing loss available today. Yet, according to the US Department of Health and Human Service’s National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), most people who need hearing aids do not have them largely due to the high cost (NIDCD). For example, barely 15 percent of young adults with hearing loss who need hearing aids wear them (NIDCD). Unfortunately, despite the acute necessity for hearing amplification for those with hearing loss, hearing aids are either not covered or minimally covered by most private health insurance plans or by Medicare. Consequently, many of those who critically need hearing aids cannot afford them. Disturbingly, in America, access to hearing aids depends on socioeconomic status. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of socioeconomic gap on those with hearing loss in America, this article proposes a federal mandate for uniform hearing aid insurance coverage for each person twenty-one years of age or younger.
Prospective Trends in Biotechnology for Biofuel

The development of clean alternative biofuel, including biohydrogen, is of great significant interest. One method for biohydrogen is dark and light fermentation when hydrogenases are responsible enzymes for H2 metabolism. A further development of biotechnology for H2 production can be directed in the following ways at least: construction or selection of appropriate effective bacterial strains (mutants) and cultures; creation of mixed cultures; application of different carbon sources (sugars, alcohols and organic acids) and their mixtures for co-fermentation as well as organic wastes (glycerol and lignocellulose waste); control of external technology factors (pH, redox potential, substrate concentration), addition of different compounds and their mixtures, especially some heavy metals (Ni, Fe, Mo, Mg, Cu, etc). Biohydrogen has of interest when was producing with bioethanol. It can also be applied for enhanced production of biomethane. Keywords—biotechnology for biofuel, hydrogen energy, biomethane, fermentation, bacteria
NEW GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LQ-19 (MARE NUBIUM) QUADRANGLE ON THE MOON

Liu 1 , Jinzhu Ji 1,2 , Li Zhang 1 , James W. Head 3 , Dijun Guo 1,2,3 , Juntao Wang 1,2 , Lin Luo 1,2 , Shengbo Chen 4 , Jianping Chen 5 , Xiang Wang 5 , Zongcheng Lin 6 , Jian Chen 6 , Xiaozhong Ding 7 , Kunying Han 7 and Ziyuan Ouyang 1 , 1 Center for Lunar and Planetary Science, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lincheng West Road, Guiyang 550051, China, Email: liujz@nao.cas. cn . 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA. 4 Jilin University, 2199 Jianshe Street, Changchun 130000, China. 5 China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing, 100083, China. 6 Shandong University (Weihai), 180 Wenhua West Road, Weihai 264209, 7 China. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 26 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beijing 100037, China.
FR 50% in pregnancy results in different neuron and glial cell count (astrocytes, olygodendrocytes, and microglia) in the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicus

Objectives: To analyze the difference neuronal and glial (astrocytes, oligodendrocyte, microglia) cell count in cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborns with 50% food restriction and control group.Materials and Methods: This was an analytical experimental study with single blind randomized post test only control group design using animals subjects Rattus norvegicus. This study was conducted at Animal laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Universitas Airlangga. Animal subjects were divided into FR50% group and control. Neuron and glial (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia) counts were analyzed using comparison test, with CI 95%. Results: There was a significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum neuron cell count between intervention and control group (9.88+3.59 vs 16.88+2.553; p=0.000 and 7.5+1.789 vs 11.44+4.56; p=0.02). There was no difference in cerebrum and cerebellum glial cell count. There was a significant difference in cerebellum astrocyte between intervention and control group (80.94+24.255 vs 59.69+18.77; p=0.02) but no difference in cerebrum. There was a significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum oligodendrocyte between intervention and control group (14.06+12.195 vs 25.13+8.609; p<0.000 and 13.63+6.712 vs 24.00+8.862; p=0.001), and there were significant difference in cerebrum and cerebellum microglia cell between intervention and control group (5.25+3.435 vs 4.94+3.838; p=0.620 and 8.81+4.119 vs 5.25+1.483; p=0.004). Conclusion: Food Restriction 50% (FR50%) in Rattus norvegicus decreased cerebrum and cerebellum neuron cell and oligodendrocyte count and increased cerebrum and cerebellum microglial count.
University of Birmingham Golden single-atomic-site platinum electrocatalysts

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Getting to know Chinese tourists

【ABSTRACT】The rapid rise of China's tourism market has attracted more and more international attention and adequate academic research. In order to attract the Chinese tourist market and offer tourism product, it is necessary to understand the Chinese culture and its influence on Chinese tourists’ behavior. According to the study, the most important characteristics include the emphasis on safety, high travel consumption, dependence on internet, collectivism, special daily habits and uncivilized behaviors. 【KEYWORDS】Chinese tourists; China; Tourism;
Kalpa Publications in Computing

This paper presents a method for constructing an operation sequence of sliding window exponentiation from the noisy cache information of RSA, which can be used for a cache attack using sliding windows leak (SWL). SWL, which was reported in CHES 2017, is a kind of cache side-channel leak of a sequence of operations (i.e., multiplication and squaring) from software RSA decryption using the sliding window method for modular exponentiation. It was shown that an SWL attack can retrieve the secret keys of 1,024-bit and 2,048-bit RSA with non-negligible probability if the SWL is correctly captured. However, in practice, it is not always possible for an attacker to acquire a complete and correct operation sequence from cache information observation. In addition, no concrete method for deriving a fully correct operation sequence from a partially acquired operation sequence has been reported in literature. In this paper, we first show that the capture errors in an operation sequence can be evaluated based on the Levenshtein distance between correct and estimated sequences. The dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is employed for quantitative evaluation. Then, we present a method of accurately estimating a complete and correct operation sequence from noisy sequences obtained through multiple observations. The basic idea of the proposed method and DTW-based evaluation is to divide the acquired operation sequence into short subsequences referred to as “operation patterns. ” Furthermore, we show the effectiveness of the proposed method through a set of experiments performed using RSA software in Libgcrypt, which is one of the most common open source software in cryptography.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

Barrenho, Eliana and Miraldo, Marisa and Shaikh, Mujaheed and Atun, Rifat (2017) Vertical and horizontal equity of funding for malaria control: a global multisource funding analysis for 2006-2010. BMJ Global Health, 2 (4). pp. 1-7. ISSN 2059-7908 This version is available at: https://epub.wu. ac.at/5961/ Available in ePubWU: October 2018 License: Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) ePubWU, the institutional repository of the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, is provided by the University Library and the IT-Services. The aim is to enable open access to the scholarly output of the WU. This document is the publisher-created published version.