Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PILOT-AIDED MIMO-OFDM LTE DOWNLINK SYSTEM USING HYBRID LS-LMMSE TECHNIQUE

This paper focuses on the channel estimation in OFDM system and it implemented by using pilot type channel estimation by hybrid LS-LMMSE. A LTE system is basically MIMO-OFDM system, where a cyclic prefix is inserted at the beginning of each OFDM symbol in order to suppress both inter-carrier interference (ICI) and inter symbol interference (ISI). The inserted CP is usually longer or equal to the channel length but in some cases, the CP can be shorter. In case of LS and LMMSE channel estimation technique, simulation results shows that LMMSE performs better than LS estimator where cyclic prefix is equal to or longer than the channel length. In other case, LMMSE gives better performance than LS only for low SNR values and for high SNR value, LS gives better performance. Therefore, a hybrid LS-LMMSE channel estimation technique is to reduce the effect of the channel length on system. Simulation results for hybrid system shows its true efficiency and specially for the case where the channel length exceeds the cyclic prefix length.
Impact of Shape Parameterisation on Aerodynamic Optimisation of Benchmark Problem

This paper presents an investigation into the influence of shape parameterisation and dimensionality on the optimisation of a benchmark case described by the AIAA Aerodynamic Design Optimisation Discussion Group. This problem specifies the drag minimisation of a NACA0012 under inviscid flow conditions at M = 0.85 and α = 0 subject to the constraint that local thickness must only increase. The work presented here applies six different shape parameterisation schemes to this optimisation problem with between 4 and 40 design variables. The parameterisation methods used are: Bezier Surface FFD; B-Splines; CSTs; Hicks-Henne bump functions; a Radial Basis Function domain element method (RBF-DE) and a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method. The optimisation framework used consists of a gradient based SQP optimiser coupled with the SU2 adjoint Euler solver which enables the efficient calculation of the design variable gradients. Results for the all the parameterisation methods are presented with the best results for each method ranging between 25 and 56 drag counts from an initial value of 469. The optimal result was achieved with the B-Spline method with 16 design variables. A further validation of the results is then presented and the presence of hysteresis is explored.
The Limits of High Performance Work Systems in Unionised Craft-Based Work Settings

This paper focuses on constraints on the effectiveness of high performance work techniques deriving from the traditions of craft-based trade unionism and long-established structures and cultures within sector-based employment relationships. The findings question the fundamentally managerialist nature of HPW accounts that assume labour's position in the high-performance equation to be simply one of recipient of managerial initiatives.
Paper_Individual Topics_Haider

Abstract—It is commonly accepted that optimal control theory was born with the publication of a seminal paper by Pontryagin and collaborates last century, at the end of 50’s. Since then optimal control theory has played a relevant role not only in the dynamic optimization but also in the control and system engineering. Another crucial moment in this theory is closely related with the development of nonsmooth analysis during the 70’s and 80’s. Nonsmooth analysis has triggered a renew interest in optimal control problems and brought new solutions to old problems. Nowadays optimal control theory is essential to different areas like system engineering, economics and biology since many problems are modelled as optimal control problems. A challenging area of study in this theory remains that of state constraints. In this paper we review the very basic notions of optimal control problems with and without state constraints focussing on necessary conditions of optimality for state constrained problems. An overview of the state of the art on the subject is presented and we state the main issues we aim to study in the near future.
Part II - Stress and stress management strategies in adolescents

It is well known that adolescents experience stress. In this article, sources of adolescent stress will be discussed as well as the physiological effects of stress on the body. Stress disorders will also be briefly reviewed. Mainly, research on stress management strategies that have been evaluated in adolescents will be presented. Many studies have a small number of participants and lack control groups. Therefore, there is a need for ongoing research in this important area.
The role of molecules in understanding molluscan evolution

Author(s): Medina, Monica; Collins, Allen G. | Abstract: Molluscs comprise one of the most species rich animal phyla and exhibit incredible diversity in anatomy, development, ecology, and life history. Despite the extensive fossil record of Mollusca, phylogenetic reconstruction within the phylum has been controversial because some of the classes are highly modified. For the same reason, it has been difficult to identify the sister group to molluscs. With the advent of molecular techniques, a new array of characters has become available. Initially, nuclear ribosomal small subunit (18S) data was widely used and found to be useful in placing Mollusca within the bilaterian alliance known as Lophotrochozoa. These data have thus far proven to be of little use, however, in identifying the likely sister group within Lophotrochozoa to Mollusca or the relationships among the molluscan classes. A few other genes, notably complete nuclear ribosomal large subunit (28S), may have potential in resolving these questions. In addition to the sequence data, developmental genes and mitochondrial gene order data have become available for several groups and show great promise for future phylogenetic studies of Mollusca. Here we provide an overview of the current status for the different types of molecular data and what direction research is taking in the study of molluscan evolution.
Design and Analysis of Multilayer Solenoid Coil for Faraday Modulator

A well-designed polarimeter is integral to the realization of the highly sensitive atomic magnetometer. Amongst various detection schemes, optical polarimetry based on Faraday modulator is most commonly used owing to its angular sensitivity at low-frequency range. The multilayered solenoid coil is the key component of Faraday effect based optical detection system. This paper primarily deals with design and analysis of multilayered coil of Faraday modulator. All deterministic parameters that affect the optimum design have been identified and analyzed. Mathematical expressions have been obtained for axial field homogeneity; modulation depth and power dissipation manifesting direct dependence on coil geometry. The design parameters of the coil are optimized with respect to axial magnetic field homogeneity over region of interest and reduced power losses with suitable geometric construction. The influence of different geometrical and electromagnetic parameters on optimum design has been highlighted and guidelines for design procedure are given. Theoretical results have been compared with simulation and experimental results. The mathematical formulation could be implemented in a computer program for recurrence design and to assist the realization of an optimized design of Faraday modulator coil.
Disadvantages of Non-Western Immigrants within the Dutch Labour Market

In a country with a rich immigrant history as the Netherlands, labour market differences still exist between natives and immigrants. This research examines the size of the differences in employment and wage between natives and (non-Western) immigrants. By using an extension of the original Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition (1973), the study further investigates which characteristics and other reasons like discrimination caused these differentials between the two groups within the Dutch labour market. The results show that the reasons are different for the employment- and wage differential between Dutch natives and (non-Western) immigrants, and that possible discrimination might be more existent in the employment section of the labour market.
Title Improved Detection of Common Variants Associated with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Using Pleiotropy-Informed Conditional False Discovery Rate Permalink

Several lines of evidence suggest that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have the potential to explain more of the ‘‘missing heritability’’ of common complex phenotypes. However, reliable methods to identify a larger proportion of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that impact disease risk are currently lacking. Here, we use a genetic pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (FDR) method on GWAS summary statistics data to identify new loci associated with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD), two highly heritable disorders with significant missing heritability. Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggest similar disease characteristics and overlapping genes between SCZ and BD. Here, we computed conditional Q–Q curves of data from the Psychiatric Genome Consortium (SCZ; n = 9,379 cases and n = 7,736 controls; BD: n = 6,990 cases and n = 4,820 controls) to show enrichment of SNPs associated with SCZ as a function of association with BD and vice versa with a corresponding reduction in FDR. Applying the conditional FDR method, we identified 58 loci associated with SCZ and 35 loci associated with BD below the conditional FDR level of 0.05. Of these, 14 loci were associated with both SCZ and BD (conjunction FDR). Together, these findings show the feasibility of genetic pleiotropy-informed methods to improve gene discovery in SCZ and BD and indicate overlapping genetic mechanisms between these two disorders. Citation: Andreassen OA, Thompson WK, Schork AJ, Ripke S, Mattingsdal M, et al. (2013) Improved Detection of Common Variants Associated with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Using Pleiotropy-Informed Conditional False Discovery Rate. PLoS Genet 9(4): e1003455. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen. 1003455 Editor: Peter M. Visscher, The University of Queensland, Australia Received August 21, 2012; Accepted March 4, 2013; Published April 25, 2013 Copyright: 2013 Andreassen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: OAA was supported by grants from the Research Council of Norway (www.forskningsradet.no), the South-East Norway Health Authority (www.helsesorost.no), the Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Foundation (http://www.stiftkgj.no), and the US–Norway Fulbright Foundation. RSD was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; www.nih.gov T32 EB005970). AMD was supported by NIH grants R01AG031224, R01EB000790, and RC2DA29475. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: amdale@ucsd.edu (AMD); o.a. andreassen@medisin.uio. no (OAA)
Obligatory reflexivity in a Minimalist grammar of Afrikaans

This paper deals with the phenomenon of obligatory reflexivity in Afrikaans. Adopting the general framework of Minimalist Syntax, an attempt is made to develop a novel analysis of this phenomenon that can provide a conceptually adequate account for the facts, and that is amenable to extension beyond Afrikaans. The basic idea underlying the proposed “nominal shell analysis (of obligatory reflexivity)” (NSA) is that two expressions which enter into an obligatory coreferential relationship – in this case, the reflexive and its antecedent – are initially merged into the same constituent. It is proposed that these two expressions form part of a nominal shell structure which is headed by an identity focus light noun n , a functional category which belongs to a natural class of identificational (or quantificational) elements. This n represents the locus of the – self suffix that is normally found with reflexive pronouns in Afrikaans. The coreferential relationship between the reflexive and its antecedent is established in this nominal shell via phi(φ)-feature valuation, with the light noun acting as intermediary. It is claimed that the NSA can provide an empirically adequate account of the relevant facts without appealing to any theoretical devices or features that are not provided by or that are incompatible with the basic assumptions and concepts of Minimalist Syntax.
Evaluation of antibacterial efficiency of chitosan nanoparticles on Salmonella bongori

Salmonella serovars are predominately pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae that are considered to have differed from a common ancestor with Escherichia coli, 100 million years ago (Doolittle et al., 1996). Salmonella is the most frequent reason for infectious illness in the world. There are more than 2500 serovars of Salmonella and all are potential pathogens (Ravishankar et al., 2010). The genus Salmonella currently two classes; S. bongori and S. enterica (Kauffmann, 1966; Le Minor et al., n.d.; Ryan et al., 2017). S. bongori have been described to infect humans (Giammanco et al., 2002), the species is predominantly correlated with cold-blooded animals whereas serovars causing disease in humans and other warmblooded animals mostly belong to S. enterica subspecies enterica. Compared to E. coli, many genes, which are unique to Salmonella serovars, are found on large discrete genomic islands that constitute prophage elements and specialized SPIs (Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands) (Schmidt & Hensel, 2004). These Salmonella-specific roles involve many genes needed for the full expression of virulence and some of these were obtained by S. enterica following the split from S. bongori. Several features of S. bongori recommend that this species may lie someplace between E. coli and S. enterica. For instance, S. enterica encodes two complete type III secretion systems encoded by SPI-1 and SPI-2 (Cirillo et al., 1998; Hensel et al., 1998), whereas S. bongori lacks SPI-2, which is required for optimal replication within macrophages (Gog et al., 2012). S. bongori, formerly separated from an African frog in 1972 and includes 21 representatives of the 23 known serovars. The data of scientific researches reveal that S. bongori possesses only a basic set of ancestral Salmonella virulence functions and lacks various metabolic pathways that determine S. enterica. Although, S. bongori has not remained Yaser Eshaghi Milasi 1 Marzieh Jafari 2 Mohammad Hossein Rezaei 3 Fatemeh AminiChermahini 3 Mohammad Nikbakht 4 Evaluation of antibacterial efficiency of chitosan nanoparticles on Salmonella bongori
INTERACTION OF GRAIN CO-PRODUCTS WITH GRAIN PROCESSING: ASSOCIATIVE EFFECTS AND MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION The vast majority of research with corn milling co-products such as distiller’s grains (DG) and corn gluten feed (CGF) has been conducted in the Northern Great Plains and Corn Belt with the type of finishing diets commonly fed in that region. More recently these co-products have become available for feeding in the Southern Great Plains. Feedlot diets in the Northern Great Plains differ from those fed in the Southern Great Plains because 1) corn generally is dry rolled rather than steam flaked; 2) supplemental fat is not routinely fed in the Northern as compared with the Southern Great Plains and 3) feedyards tend to be larger in the Southern than the Northern Great Plains. Thus, management and storage of co-products, especially wet co-products, will differ. Moreover, environmental issues tend to differ between the two regions with the Northern Great Plains and Corn Belt being grain-exporting regions whereas, the Southern Great Plains imports grain.
Hybrid Reality Games Reframed

Hybrid reality games (HRGs) employ mobile technologies and GPS devices as tools for transforming physical spaces into interactive game boards. Rather than situating participants in simulated environments, which mimic the physical world, HRGs make use of physical world immersion by merging physical and digital spaces. Online multiuser environments already connect users who do not share contiguous spaces. With mobile devices, players may additionally incorporate interactions with the surrounding physical space. This article is a speculative study about the potential uses of HRGs in education, as activities responsible for taking learning practices outside the closed classroom environment into open, public spaces. Adopting the framework of sociocultural learning theory, the authors analyze design elements of existing HRGs, such as mobility and location awareness, collaboration/sociability, and the configuration of the game space, with the aim of reframing these games into an educational context to foresee how future games might contribute to discovery and learning.
ARE COSMIC RAYS STILL A VALUABLE PROBE OF LORENTZ INVARIANCE VIOLATIONS IN THE AUGER ERA

Relativistic Invariance might be modified by Quantum Gravity effects. The interesting point which emerged in the last fifteen years is that remnants of possible Lorentz Invariance Violations could be present at energies much lower than their natural scale, and possibly affect Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays phenomena. We discuss their status in the view of recent data from the Pierre Auger Observatory.
Off-the-Shelf Reconfigurable Software Define Radio Approach for Vector Network

The goal of this work is to develop a promising low cost vector network analyzer measurement system based on reconfigurable Software Define Radio (SDR) using minimal components and utilizing open source signal processing framework, GNU Radio. This work was motivated by the possibility to realize a low cost and a fast development cycle time by eliminate the SoC system building. The traditional method utilizing the GNU Radio relies on its GUIs only is not flexible, rigid and unable to acquire the baseband data immediately. A new methodology to perform data acquisition from the GNU Radio software is developed to add more flexibility on signal characteristic from SDRs. The developed methodology comprises of Python scripts that are automatically generated and open source packages from GitHub Linux project. As a conclusion, the RF characterization on the Device under Test (DUT) to determine S-parameter of reflection coefficient can be measure quickly on SDR platform. Index Terms Software Define Radio, Open-Source Software, RF Network Characterization, S-parameters measurement
WST 48(2) 269-276

Results from a tracer study were used to determine and to compare actual and standard (k20°C) first order reaction rate constants for COD removal in a High Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) and in 3 facultative ponds (FP) in series. An annual average k20°C of 0.123 day –1 was found for the HRAP while the values of 0.097 , 0.025 and 0.003 d–1 were found for facultative ponds 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Also, comparing nominal and tracer study hydraulic retention times showed large differences for the FP but not for the HRAP indicating that the former were suffering from severe short-circuiting. Loading rate within the range of operation exhibited a positive correlation with k20°C for the HRAP but did not show such a relationship for any of the FP. Optimal chlorophyll-a concentration was found to be 3 mg/l for the HRAP and only 1.1 mg/l for the FP. Pollutant specific removal rates (SRR), that translate the hydrodynamic efficiency and the rate of COD biodegradation into pond performance per m2 and per day were calculated. They show that the adoption of the HRAP in place of a series of 3 FP reduces the net land area requirement (LAR) by at least 40%.
Clustering of Documents Based on Semi-supervised Method

To improve the performance of document clusters ,it is very important to find effectiveand efficient mechanism to minimize the processing time without affecting the total numberof documents given as input required application. The Semi-supervised mechanism usedhere addressed the above need.The proposed approach is designed 1) to group documents into a set of clusters and the number of document clusters formed is determined automatically. 2) To distinguish the discriminative words and non-discriminative words and separate them from unrelated noise words. KeywordsSemi-supervised Clustering, feature partition, Pattern Recognition.
IG-C4.5:An Improved Feature Selection Method Based on Information Gain

Feature selection is an important means to solve the problem of dimension reduction in anomaly network traffic detection. Focusing on the problem of traditional feature selection algorithm based on information gain neglect the redundancy between features, this paper proposes an improved feature selection method combining CFS and C4.5 algorithms—IG-C4.5. In the improved algorithm, the irrelevant features and the redundant features were removed by adding the judgments of redundancy between features, which effectively simplified the feature subset. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively find the feature subsets with good separability, which results in the low-dimensional data and the good classification accuracy.
Preparation and Characterization of Microglia-Like Cells Derived from Rat, Mouse, and Human Bone Marrow Cells for Therapeutic Strategy of Alzheimer's Disease

Dementia-associated neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression and apathy, are core features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pathological hallmarks of AD include senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neurodegeneration. Senile plaques are composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) and are surrounded by microglia, an immune effector cells in brains. Studies on responsible genes of familial AD have suggested that Aβ accumulation is a primary event that influences other AD pathologies, and the reduction of brain Aβ has been proposed as a therapeutic target for AD. On the other hand, microglial phagocytosis has been noted as an Aβ clearance system in the brain. In this context, the transplantation of microglia prepared from bone marrow cells may contribute to the clearance of Aβ in vivo brain. As a first step for this cell therapeutic strategy, we examined the preparation of microglia-like cells from mouse, rat, and human bone marrow cells by the treatment with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and analyzed their phagocytic ability. In the cultivation of bone marrow cells collected from mouse, rat, and human, adherent cells on the culture dish were markedly increased by the treatment with human M-CSF. In addition, the adherent cells from mouse bone marrow cells were more sensitive to human M-CSF than that from rat bone marrow cells and more effectively expressed microglial makers, such as cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b, Iba1, and CD68. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a part of adherent cells derived from mouse and human bone marrow cells have phagocytic abilities of iron particles and Aβ peptides, and the treatment with human M-CSF significantly increased the number of phagocytic cells. Thus, we positively suggest that the microglia-like cells prepared from bone marrow cells by the treatment with human M-CSF could be a source for the cell therapeutic strategy for AD.