Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transactional Issues in Distance Education: The Impact of Design in Audioteleconferencing.

Abstract This paper reports the results of a study of student perceptions of learning via audioconferencing in university‐level courses delivered at a distance. Field observations, interviews, and a focus group were used to triangulate and deepen knowledge obtained from an initial mail survey. The results of the investigation revealed that the audioteleconferences were being used under two quite different instructional designs, which were associated with significant differences in students' perceptions of the opportunity to engage in critical thinking skills, creation of a community of inquiry, and the value of various components of the distance education system. The study documents students' perceptions and outlines ways in which these sessions can be designed to induce maximum learning opportunities.
Mutagenesis and PCR procedures to analyze Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from Saudi Arabia

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is yeast of extensive industrial application. It is used widely for production of alcohol, organic acids and bakery items. Besides, it is also used in genetic research because many cellular processes such, genetic recombination etc. are conserved between the yeasts and larger eukaryotes. Its relatively small genome can be manipulated and analyzed readily. Strains of S. cerevisiae are known to produce enzymes. In this work, we report data on the molecular characterization of S. cerevisiae strains. The aim was the individuation of molecular techniques yielding strain-specific profiles useful as new markers during the industrial application process. In this study we have attempted to induce mutations using diethyl sulfate (DES) and compare of mutants with standard strains and a local isolate. RAPD-PCR Technique analysis is done to verify the mutations. [Al-Sum, B.A, Bahkali, A.H, Elgorban, A.M. Mutagenesis and PCR procedures to analyze Saccharomyces cerevisae isolated from Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2013;10(4):1267-1270] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 167
Executive Selection—What's Right … and What's Wrong

Although recent reviews of executive selection have catalogued much that we as industrial–organizational (I–O) psychologists are doing right in our research and practice, we are confronted with the facts that executive selection decisions are often, if not usually, wrong and that I–O psychologists seldom have a place at the table when these decisions are made. This article suggests that in our thinking we have failed to differentiate executive selection from selection at lower levels and that we have applied the wrong models. Our hope for the future lies not in job analyses, developing new tests, meta-analyses, or seeking psychometric validity, but in viewing executive selection as a judgment and decision-making problem. With the right focus, applying our considerable methodological skills should enable us to contribute toward making better judgments. When we have a better mousetrap, organizations (if not the world) will beat a path to our door.
Comparative Study of Pairwise Classifications by ML and NN on Unvoiced Segments in Speech Sample

This paper shows the experimental results supporting the quantitative link between acoustical properties extracted from speech signal and severe level of depression. The data acquisition and experiment have been carried out from two clinically categorized groups of females with depression and remission. The mel-scale cepstral coefficients from the sixteenth-order triangular filter bank were extracted and used in pairwise classification based on ML and NN. Results of classification comparatively show the classifier's performance in correctly separating two classes at 55% and 52% when testing ML with means and SD's of MFCC in voiced speech. While NN provides higher 61% from classifying MFCC of unvoiced speech. In overall, 64% was obtained from ML classifying SD's of MFCC from unvoiced speech. LINICAL depression is the psychiatric disorder which can lead to the risk of suicide in person who has experienced it recursively without taking the treatment. This type of emotional illness has been popularly studied and reported to be the prominent precursor of the suicidal risk in human and suicide is the public health problem with increasing rate every year, and has an obvious impact on social, healthcare, life living and even economic growth. Therefore, preventing suicide is the most important task and has to be proceeded in earlier time by screening persons for depression and admitting that depressed person who may or may not have severe symptom of illness to the treatment program. The major objective of this study is to attempt to investigate the relation between the acoustical properties of speech and the severity of mental states in speakers who were clinically diagnosed for depression or suicidal risk by psychiatrists. The formerly experimental studies have been proposed that the acoustical parameters estimated from speech signal can be used in observing the affection on recognizing pattern and assessing the degree of mental severity in depressive speakers.
Pre-service Teachers’ Attitudes to Mathematics and Teaching Mathematics

Ogretmenlerin ve ozellikle ogretmen adaylarinin matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlarinin ogrencilerin matematige iliskin olumlu tutum gelistirmeleri uzerindeki etkisi sebebiyle ogretmenlerin ve ogretmen adaylarinin matematige iliskin tutumlari kadar matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlari da onem arz etmektedir. Ayrica ogretmenlik mesleginin basinda bulunan ogretmen adaylarinin tutumlari meslegin gelecek yillarinda olusacak tutumlari acisindan da onemlidir. Bu calismanin amaci ogretmen adaylarinin matematige ve matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlarini belirlemektir. Calismada veri toplama araci “Matematik Ogretimi” baslikli olcme araci kullanilmistir. Okuloncesi ve sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin matematige iliskin tutumlarinin ve matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlarinin program, cinsiyet ve yas degiskenlerine gore farklilasmasini inceleyebilmek icin toplam 254 ogretmen adayindan veri toplanmistir. Sonuclara gore sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin matematige iliskin tutumlari daha yuksek cikarken, matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlarinda farklilik cikmamistir. Diger taraftan erkek ogretmen adaylarinin hem matematige hemde matematik ogretimine iliskin tutumlari kiz ogretmen adaylarindan daha yuksek cikmistir. Calisma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular isiginda oneriler sunulmustur.
VR as promising tool for experimental research on human spatial navigation

1 Konstruktionstechnik / Maschinenbau 2 Fertigungstechnik 3 Verfahrenstechnik 4 Bauingenieurwesen 5 Grundund Werkstoffe / Kunststoffe 6 Energietechnik 7 Strbmungstechnik 8 Mess-, Steuerungsund Regelungstechnik 9 Elektronik/Mikround Nanotechnik 10 Informatik / Kommunikation 11 Schwingungstechnik 12 Verkehrstechnik / Fahrzeugtechnik 13 Fbrdertechnik / Logistik 14 Landtechnik / Lebensmitteltechnik 15 Umwelttechnik 16 Technik und Wirtschaft 17 Biotechnik / Medizintechnik 18 Mechanik / Bruchmechanik 19 Warmetechnik / Kaltetechnik 20 Rechnerunterstutzte Verfahren (CAD, CAM, CAE CAQ, CIM . l 21 Elektrotechnik 22 Mensch-Maschine-Systeme
ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012

Authors/Task Force Members: John J.V. McMurray (Chairperson) (UK)*, Stamatis Adamopoulos (Greece), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Angelo Auricchio (Switzerland), Michael Bohm (Germany), Kenneth Dickstein (Norway), Volkmar Falk (Switzerland), Gerasimos Filippatos (Greece), Cândida Fonseca (Portugal), Miguel Angel Gomez-Sanchez (Spain), Tiny Jaarsma (Sweden), Lars Kober (Denmark), Gregory Y.H. Lip (UK), Aldo Pietro Maggioni (Italy), Alexander Parkhomenko (Ukraine), Burkert M. Pieske (Austria), Bogdan A. Popescu (Romania), Per K. Ronnevik (Norway), Frans H. Rutten (The Netherlands), Juerg Schwitter (Switzerland), Petar Seferovic (Serbia), Janina Stepinska (Poland), Pedro T. Trindade (Switzerland), Adriaan A. Voors (The Netherlands), Faiez Zannad (France), Andreas Zeiher (Germany).
lodohormones in the serum of chick embryos and post-hatching chickens as influenced by incubation temperature. Relationship with the hatching process and thermogenesis

temperatures in a forced-draught laboratory incubator. A low incubation temperature resulted in a longer incubation period, whereas eggs incubated at a higher temperature hatched sooner. In all the temperature groups, serum T3 and T4 levels increased during the incubation period studied. Whatever the total duration of incubation within the experimental conditions, maximal serum T3 and Tg levels were always obtained the day of pipping. Embryos having perforated the air-space membrane the day before pipping showed elevated serum T3, but not T4, levels as compared to embryos without perforation. The presence of high serum T3 levels in chick embryos after perforation of the air-space membrane, and the sharp increase in the T3/, ratio before pipping were indicative of the important role of T 3 in the processes of pipping and hatching. After days 16 to 17, depending on the incubation temperature, a plateau for heat production (measured by indirect calorimetry) was reached while serum T3 and T4 levels were still increasing. Following the event of pipping, there was a rapid increase in heat production. A plateau might be due to the physical impossibility of each embryo to react upon an increase in T3 and T4 secretion by an increment in oxygen consumption, and would not exclude a relation between iodohormone levels and thermogenesis during development.
Precision and reliability of cochlear nerve response in mice lacking functional synaptic ribbons

Synaptic ribbons are electron-dense structures surrounded by vesicles and anchored to the presynaptic membrane of photoreceptors, retinal bipolar cells and hair cells. Ribbon synapses are characterized by sustained exocytosis that is graded with stimulus intensity and can achieve high release rates. Leading hypotheses implicate the ribbon in maintenance of a large readily releasable pool (RRP) of presynaptic vesicles which enables rapid and precisely-timed exocytosis that supports instantaneous discharge rates of well over 1000 spikes per second. To gain insight into the function of this specialized presynaptic molecular machinery, we characterized the response properties of single auditory nerve (AN) fibers in a mouse with targeted deletion of a presynaptic scaffolding gene, bassoon, in which ribbons are no longer anchored to the active zone. Since each mammalian AN fiber usually receives input from a single inner hair cell active zone to which a single ribbon is typically anchored, single-fiber recordings from bassoon mutants and control mice offer a sensitive functional metric of the contribution of individual ribbons to neural function. Response properties of mutant AN fibers were similar, in many respects, to wild-type. Spike intervals remained irregular, thresholds were unaffected, dynamic range was unchanged, spike synchronization to stimulus phase was unimpaired, the time course of post-onset adaptation and recovery from adaptation were normal, and the ability to sustain discharge throughout a long-duration stimulus was unaffected. These data indicate that the presynaptic mechanisms which regulate precise timing of exocytosis, graded release rates and sustained neurotransmitter release were not impaired by loss of the ribbon. However, reductions were seen in spontaneous and sound-evoked AN fiber discharge rates, coinciding with an increased variance of first spike timing to stimulus onset. Unlike fibers from wild-type mice, mutants failed to show increased peak rate as stimulus onset became more abrupt. The reduction of peak rates and increased first spike variance likely result from degraded reliability of discharge to stimulus onset via a mechanism such as reduced RRP size. Thus, the ribbon appears to support a large RRP that enables the rapid onset rates necessary for the auditory system to resolve stimulus features key for many perceptual tasks. Thesis supervisor: M. Charles Liberman Title: Harold F. Schuknecht Professor of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School
Shape Constrained Density Estimation Via Optimal Transport Estimating

My research focuses on the formulation of nonparametric quantitative methods and the applications of these methods in microeconometrics. My job market paper uses optimal transport to create a framework for the estimation and inference of densities subject to shape constraints. I also have written a paper on a nonparametric estimator of a mode conditional on covariates. Both of these papers can be found on my website at https://sites.google. com/view/ryan cumingsmenon. My final paper, which I am working on with Professor Elizabeth Powers, estimates the mental health impacts of having a third child. These papers are described below in more detail.
A Post Keynesian theory of economic policy—filling a void

The traditional theory of economic policy of the Tinbergen-Theil-type has come under severe criticism: in the ontological setting of the "new classical macroeconomics" based on the rational expectations hypothesis, economic policy is ineffective or neutral with respect to real variables. In the ontological setting of Hayekian economics based on informational deficiencies, economic policy is without orientation and, therefore, more harmful than helpful. Therefore, both criticisms are united in their rejection of state interventions. In this paper, a Post Keynesian alternative is presented which is situated between nomocratic abstinence and teleological controllability.
The detection rate of inspiral and quasi-normal modes of Population III binary black holes which can confirm or refute the general relativity in the strong gravity region

Using our population synthesis code, we found that the typical chirp mass of Pop III BH-BHs is $\sim30~\msun$ with the total mass of $\sim60~\msun$ so that the inspiral chirp signal as well as quasi normal mode (QNM) of the merging BH are interesting targets of KAGRA. The detection rate of the coalescing Pop III BH-BHs is $\sim$180 $\rm events~yr^{-1}$$(\rm SFR_p/(10^{-2.5}~\msun \rm~yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}))\cdot([f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33)\cdot Err_{sys}$ in our standard model where $\rm SFR_{p},~f_b$ and $\rm Err_{sys}$ are the peak value of the Pop III star formation rate, the binary fraction and the systematic error with $\rm Err_{sys}=1$ for our standard model, respectively. To evaluate the robustness of chirp mass distribution and the range of $\rm Err_{sys}$, we examine the dependence of the results on the unknown parameters and the distribution functions. We found that the chirp mass has a peak at $\sim 30 ~\msun$ in most of parameters and distribution functions as well as $\rm Err_{sys}$ ranges from 0.046 to 4. The minimum rate corresponds to the worst model which we think unlikely so that unless $ {\rm ~(SFR_p/(10^{-2.5}~\msun~yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}))\cdot([f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33) \ll 0.1}$, we expect the Pop III BH-BHs merger rate of at least one event per year by KAGRA. Nakano, Tanaka \& Nakamura (2015) show that if S/N of QNM is larger than 35, we can confirm or refute the General Relativity (GR) more than 5 sigma level. In our standard model, the detection rate of Pop III BH-BHs whose S/N is larger than 35 is $3.2~\rm events~yr^{-1}$$(\rm SFR_p/(10^{-2.5}~\msun \rm~yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}))\cdot([f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33)\cdot Err_{sys}$. Thus, there is a good chance to check whether GR is correct or not in the strong gravity region.
Morphological segmentation : an unsupervised method and application to Keyword Spotting

The contributions of this thesis are twofold. First, we present a new unsupervised algorithm for morphological segmentation that utilizes pseudo-semantic information, in addition to orthographic cues. We make use of the semantic signals from continuous word vectors, trained on huge corpora of raw text data. We formulate a log-linear model that is simple and can be used to perform fast, efficient inference on new words. We evaluate our model on a standard morphological segmentation dataset, and obtain large performance gains of up to 18.4% over an existing state-of-the-art system, Morfessor. Second, we explore the impact of morphological segmentation on the speech recognition task of Keyword Spotting (KWS). Despite potential benefits, state-of-the-art KWS systems do not use morphological information. In this thesis, we augment a KWS system with sub-word units derived by multiple segmentation algorithms including supervised and unsupervised morphological segmentations, along with phonetic and syllabic segmentations. Our experiments demonstrate that morphemes improve overall performance of KWS systems. Syllabic units, however, rival the performance of morphological units when used in KWS. By combining morphological and syllabic segmentations, we demonstrate substantial performance gains. Thesis Supervisor: Regina Barzilay Title: Professor
Household Wealth in Latin America

This paper provides a descriptive analysis of wealth ownership and wealth inequality in Latin American countries, using diverse published sources and primary data analysis for 16 nations. We produce estimates of the distribution of home ownership, land, and financial assets, and find very high wealth concentration in all these types of assets, with the partial exception home ownership. The relevance of informal assets and the historical patterns of wealth accumulation and concentration since colonial times are discussed.
Classification and Environmental , Social and Governance ( ESG ) Standards

The paper explores a comparison between traditional classification systems and classification systems that take sustainability risks into account. GICS is the standard in the industry for sector allocation and risk management in portfolio construction. The Sustainable Industry Classification System (SICS) scheme, created by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), presents an alternative to GICS by aggregating companies that share similar resource intensity, sustainability risks, and opportunities. The better a system is in grouping companies with strong stock return correlations, the more relevant it will be for portfolio risk management and sector allocation. The paper will start by describing what classification systems are and why they are important. In the second part, attention is devoted to showing why sustainability concerns are important when talking about sector classifications. The third part calculates and compares the difference between the average within-industry and between-industry correlation of stock returns using GICS and SICS definitions. Also, attention is devoted to analyzing the effect of using the SICS on large-cap and small-cap companies and their comparison to the GICS. The fourth and final part presents the results showing that integrating sustainability factors on sector classification generates substantial positive impact. Given the ubiquitous implementation of GICS in the industry, the outperformance of this classification lowering the average correlation
Krise i økonomifaget

Finanskrisen gir ikke grunnlag for å si at økonomifaget er i krise, selv om den har vist at noen av svakhetene i faget er mer alvorlige enn vi trodde. Økonomisk teori gir imidlertid også redskaper til å forstå hvorfor og hvordan krisen skjedde, og til å gi råd om effektiv politikk mot krisen. Generelt er faget i god framgang, men mer vekt på andre tilnærmingsmåter ville vært et nyttig supplement til hovedstrømmen av teoretisk og empirisk forskning.
Three-Dimensional Correspondence

This paper describes the problem of three-dimensional object correspondence and presents an algorithm for matching two three-dimensional colored surfaces using polygon reduction and the minimization of an energy function. At the core of this algorithm is a novel data-dependent multi- resolution pyramid for polygonal surfaces. The algorithm is general to correspondence between any two manifolds of the same dimension embedded in a higher dimensional space. Results demonstrating correspondences between various objects are presented and a method for incorporating user input is also detailed.
Chromosome Numbers and Meiosis in Some Cynodon Species and Hybrids ’

BERMUDAGRASS, Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers. , probably the most widely used forage grass in southeastern United States. Some hybrids between C. dactylon and C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy are popular clonal turf varieties in the South. A breeding program designed to produce improved C)’nodon varieties for turf and forage has been underway at the Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station since I936. This program has produced several improved vegetatively-propagated varieties for use as forage and turf. Bermudagrass breeders are also interested in producing improved varieties that can be propagated by seeds. The present study of chromosome numbers and meiosis in Cynodon was undertaken to provide fundamental information for use in breeding and to provide a better understanding of phylogeny in C)’nodon.
Commentary Asthma and PM 10

PM 10 (the mass of particles present in the air having a 50% cutoff for particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm) is the standard measure of particulate air pollution used worldwide. Epidemiological studies suggest that asthma symptoms can be worsened by increases in the levels of PM 10 . Epidemiological evidence at present indicates that PM 10 increases do not raise the chances of initial sensitisation and induction of disease, although further research is warranted. PM 10 is a complex mixture of particle types and has many components and there is no general agreement regarding which component(s) could lead to exacerbations of asthma. However pro-inflammatory effects of transition metals, hydrocarbons, ultrafine particles and endotoxin, all present to varying degrees in PM 10 , could be important. An understanding of the role of the different components of PM 10 in exacerbating asthma is essential before proper risk assessment can be undertaken leading to advice on risk management for the many asthmatics who are exposed to air pollution particles.
Necessity or capacity? Physiological state predicts problem-solving performance in house sparrows

Innovative behaviors such as exploiting novel food sources can grant significant fitness benefits for animals, yet little is known about the mechanisms driving such phenomena, and the role of physiology is virtually unexplored in wild species. Two hypotheses predict opposing effects of physiological state on innovation success. On one hand, poor physiological condition may promote innovations by forcing individuals with poor competitive abilities to invent alternative solutions. On the other hand, superior physiological condition may ensure greater cognitive capacity and thereby better problem-solving and learning performance. To test these hypotheses, we studied the behavior of wild-caught house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in 4 novel tasks of food acquisition, one of which was presented to the birds in repeated trials, and we investigated the relationships of individual performance with relevant physiological traits. We found that problem-solving performance across the 4 tasks was moderately consistent within individuals. Birds with lower integrated levels of corticosterone, the main avian stress hormone, solved the most difficult task faster and were more efficient learners in the repeated task than birds with higher corticosterone levels. Birds with higher concentration of total glutathione, a key antioxidant, solved 2 relatively easy tasks faster, whereas birds with fewer coccidian parasites tended to solve the difficult task more quickly. Our results, thus, indicate that aspects of physiological state influence problem-solving performance in a context-dependent manner, and these effects on problem-solving capacity, probably including cognitive abilities, are more likely to drive individual innovation success than necessity due to poor condition.