Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations of clinical and dosimetric parameters with late rectal toxicities after radical intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer: a single-centre retrospective study.

INTRODUCTION This study assessed the incidence of late rectal toxicities and evaluated potential predictive factors for late proctitis in patients treated with prostate-specific intensity-modulated radiotherapy in Hong Kong. METHODS This retrospective longitudinal observational study included patients with localised prostate cancer who were treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy in an oncology unit in Hong Kong between January 2007 and December 2011, and who had >1 year of follow-up. Clinical, pharmacological, and radiation parameters were recorded. Toxicities were measured by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4. RESULTS In total, 232 patients were included in this analysis. The mean follow-up time was 7.3 ± 2.1 years and 46.5% of the patients had late rectal toxicities. Late proctitis occurred in 30.5% of patients; 25% of the patients with late proctitis exhibited grade ≥2 toxicity. Median onset times for late proctitis and rectal bleeding were 15 and 18.4 months, respectively. Multivariable regression showed increased odds for the occurrence of late proctitis in patients with older age (odds ratio [OR]=1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.04-1.19, P=0.003), higher V70 (OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.01-1.15, P=0.027), and presence of acute rectal toxicities (OR=4.47, 95% CI=2.37-8.43, P<0.001). Antiplatelet use was not significantly associated with the occurrence of late proctitis (OR=1.98, 95% CI=0.95-4.14, P=0.07). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of late rectal toxicities was considerable among patients in this study. Clinicians should consider the possibility of late proctitis for patients with older age, acute rectal toxicities, and higher V70. High doses to rectal volumes should be limited because of the significant association with V70.
Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically For Legal Claims

NOTE: The AMA’s editorial process involves an unusually extensive review. The unusual thoroughness is exemplified by the AMA’s typical recruitment of nine reviewers (in addition to the primary editors). In contrast, other editorial processes (such as the editorial work that I do for the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery) typically involve only three reviewers. The AMA’s extensive review process failed to lead to the identification of any additional scientific findings of relevance to this paper – thereby indicating that this paper summarizes the relevant scientific knowledge base in a relatively comprehensive fashion.
Reporting on the first NMReDATA Symposium, 26 September 2019, Porto, Portugal

Accessed 4 November 2019 [9] WR abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/WR_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [10] NS abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/NS_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [11] B. Plainchont, V. de Paulo, Emerenciano, and J.-M. Nuzillard (2013), Recent advances in the structure elucidation of small organic molecules by the LSD software. Magn. Reson. Chem. 51: 447–453. doi: 10.1002/mrc.3965 [12] PK abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/PK_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [13] CC abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/CC_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [14] Macros & Scripts to Accompanying ACD/Labs Software. https://www.acdlabs. com/resources/knowledgebase/macros/ index.php. Accessed 4 November 2019 [15] JL abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/JL_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [16] RH abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/RH_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [17] AH abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/AH_ abstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [18] NMReDATA J_reader. http://www3.uah. es/nmr_e_data/ reader/reader.htm. Accessed 4 November 2019 [19] Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://jmol.sourceforge. net/. Accessed 4 November 2019 [20] JMN-abstract NMReDATA. https://nmredata.org/wiki/JMNabstract. Accessed 4 November 2019 Accessed 4 November 2019 [21] NMReDATAInitiative/javatools. https://github.com/ NMReDATAInitiative/javatools. Accessed 4 November 2019 [22] L. Castañar, and T. Parella, (2015), Broadband H homodecoupled NMR experiments: recent developments, methods and applications. Magn. Reson. Chem. 53, 399–426. doi: 10.1002/mrc.4238. [23] R. K. Harris, R. L. Wasylishen (eds). eMagRes. Wiley, 2017. [24] Committee Details IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. https://iupac.org/who-we-are/committees/ committee-details/ Accessed 4 November 2019 222 EDITORIAL
Gynecological adverse events including hysterectomy with anastrozole tamoxifen: Data from the ATAC (‘Arimidex’, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination) trial

723 Background: The ATAC trial compared the efficacy and safety of anastrozole (‘Arimidex’) and tamoxifen in the primary adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal women (n=9366) with early-stage operable breast cancer. In this retrospective analysis of the ATAC data after the completed treatment analysis at a median follow-up of 68 months, we performed a direct comparison of the gynecological adverse events (AEs) experienced by patients treated with anastrozole with those experienced by patients treated with tamoxifen. Methods: Three specific gynecological AEs were predefined for analysis in the ATAC trial. Here, we further investigated all gynecological AEs and hysterectomies recorded on the ATAC main trial database. Results: Gynecological AEs were significantly less common with anastrozole compared with tamoxifen (20.5% vs 34.2%, p<0.0001). The incidence of the three predefined gynecological AEs continued to be significantly lower with anastrozole compared with tamoxifen: vaginal bleeding 5.4% vs 10.2%, p<0.
Microfluidic Printing of 3D Graphene Electroactive Microfibrous Scaffolds.

Graphene materials have attracted special attention because of their electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and favorable biocompatibility. Although various methods have been developed for fabricating micro/nano conductive fibrous scaffolds, it is still challenging to fabricate the 3D graphene fibrous scaffolds. Herein, we developed a new method, termed as microfluidic 3D printing technology (M3DP), to fabricate 3D graphene oxide (GO) microfibrous scaffolds with adjustable fiber length, fiber diameter and scaffold structure by integrating microfluidic spinning technology with programmable 3D printing system. GO microfibrous scaffolds were then transformed into conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) microfibrous scaffolds by hydrothermal reduction. Our results demonstrated that the fabricated 3D fibrous graphene scaffolds exhibited tunable structures, maneuverable mechanical property, and good electrical conductivity and biocompatibility, as reflected by the adhesion and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells on the graphene microfibrous scaffolds in an obviously oriented manner. The developed M3DP would be a powerful tool for fabricating 3D graphene microfibrous scaffolds for electroactive tissue regeneration and drug screening applications.
Radiotriquetral arthrodesis for rheumatoid wrist with flexor tendon rupture: A case report

Flexor tendon rupture in the wrist of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is a rare complication, and there is no standard treatment for the wrist joint. Here, we present the case of a rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus of the left index finger owing to a rheumatoid wrist. Plain radiography and computed tomography showed carpal collapse, especially lunate, and arthrosis between the capitate and lunate. For stability and mobility of the wrist and index finger, resection of the lunate and radiotriquetral (RT) arthrodesis using the distal ulna as a bone graft and arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger were performed. At 2 years postoperatively, her wrist was painless and stable on radiography without recurrence of tendon rupture, and the arc of motion of the dorsal-palmar flexion of the wrist joint was 125°. RT arthrodesis could be a surgical choice of “mobile” partial wrist arthrodesis.
Drosophila Embryonic CNS Development: Neurogenesis, Gliogenesis, Cell Fate, and Differentiation

The Drosophila embryonic central nervous system (CNS) is a complex organ consisting of ∼15,000 neurons and glia that is generated in ∼1 day of development. For the past 40 years, Drosophila developmental neuroscientists have described each step of CNS development in precise molecular genetic detail. This has led to an understanding of how an intricate nervous system emerges from a single cell. These studies have also provided important, new concepts in developmental biology, and provided an essential model for understanding similar processes in other organisms. In this article, the key genes that guide Drosophila CNS development and how they function is reviewed. Features of CNS development covered in this review are neurogenesis, gliogenesis, cell fate specification, and differentiation.
Assessment of Clinical Efficacy of Different Periodontal Dressing Materials on Wound Healing: A Comparative Study.

AIM The present study aims to assess the efficacy of different periodontal dressing materials on wound healing clinically. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 45 patients between the age group of 30-45 years, with chronic generalized periodontitis with loss of attachment of 3-6 mm, who require periodontal flap surgery, were screened to include in the study. Out of 45 subjects, 24 were males and 21 were females. The subjects were randomized into 3 groups as 15 in each. Group I: a collagen dressing, group II: light-cure dressing, and group III: non-eugenol-based dressing. The clinical parameters such as plaque index, vertical probing depth, pain, gingival index, and patient satisfaction were documented for all the three groups on the 7th and the 14th day. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to score the pain severity. The SPSS 20 software was used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS The mean gingival index score reduced from 1.40 ± 0.14 to 1.10 ± 0.30 in group I, from 1.48 ± 0.01 to 1.26 ± 0.22 in group II, and from 1.58 ± 0.16 to 1.33 ± 0.10 in group III. The mean plaque index score reduced from 1.48 ± 0.56 to 1.18 ± 0.40 in group I, from 1.46 ± 0.01 to 1.24 ± 0.48 in group II, and from 1.42 ± 0.12 to 1.20 ± 0.20 in group III. There was a statistical difference found in all the three groups and between the groups from the plaque and gingival index scores. The probing depth comparison shows a significant difference in group I. Patient satisfaction was almost similar in all the groups. The pain index showed the reduction in the pain severity from the 7th day to the 14th day in all the subjects from all the three groups. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the periodontal wound covered with a collagen dressing material showed significant evidence to provide symptomatic relief and better healing to the patients compared to that of light-cure and non-eugenol periodontal dressing material.
Inhibitory Effects Induced by Vicia faba, Uncaria rhyncophylla, and Glycyrrhiza glabra Water Extracts on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Dopamine Turnover in HypoE22 Cells and Isolated Rat Striatum Challenged with 6-Hydroxydopamine

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common and progressive neurodegenerative and oxidative stress-related disorder, characterized by a dramatic loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the nigrostriatal tissue. The first-line drug for PD treatment is represented by l-dopa, although clinical and preclinical studies pointed out the potential efficacy of medicinal plant- and food-derived antioxidants as brain protective agents. In this regard, the potential application of Vicia faba, Uncaria rhyncophylla, and Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts is of noteworthy interest, despite a lack of information in the scientific literature as regards their effect on striatal DA level. Methods: The protective effects of V. faba, U. rhyncophylla, and G. glabra water extracts were investigated on HypoE22 cells and isolated rat striatum specimens challenged with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA). The extract effects against lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitrites, and 8-iso-prostaglandin(PG)F2α were evaluated using either single-extract treatments or a treatment with a pharmacological association. Additionally, the turnover of DA was measured. Results: The pharmacological association of the extracts was the most effective in contrasting the upregulated LDH and nitrite levels and in reducing striatal DA turnover. Conclusion: The present findings corroborate the rational for the traditional use of V. faba, G. glabra, and U. rhyncophylla extracts, supporting their pharmacological association in order to improve their protective effects.
Glis3 as a critical regulator of thyroid primordium specification.

BACKGROUND GLIS3 (GLI-Similar protein 3) is a transcription factor involved in several cellular processes. Homozygous mutations in the GLIS3 gene have been typically associated with Neonatal Diabetes and Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) in a syndrome called NDH. NDH patients present developmental abnormalities including, endocrine pancreas defects and a spectrum of thyroid abnormalities, mainly including thyroid dysgenesis (TD). The mouse models revealed a key role of Glis3 in pancreatic islets but not in early thyroid development, as Glis3 was described to retain a role in regulating thyroid hormone synthesis downstream the TSH/TSHR signalling and in postnatal follicle proliferation. Hence, in this study we take advantage of the zebrafish model to gain insights on the glis3 activity during thyroid organogenesis. METHODS Transient glis3-knockdown zebrafish embryos (called glis3 morphants) were generated by the microinjection of specific glis3 morpholinos at 1-2 cells stage to analyse the thyroid phenotype in vivo. Several additional analyses (in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, pharmacological treatments) allowed the molecular characterization. RESULTS The analysis of thyroid embryonic development indicated that glis3 is involved in early steps of thyroid specification. glis3 morphants exhibited a reduced expression of the early transcription factors nkx2.4 and pax2a at the thyroid primordium level, that is not caused by changes in proliferation or apoptosis of the pharyngeal endoderm. As a result, the differentiated thyroid tissue in morphants appeared reduced in size with decreased expression of tg and slc5a5, low number of T4-producting follicles, associated with an elevation of tshba (homologous of the human TSHβ), thus resembling the clinical and biochemical manifestations of patients with TD. Interestingly, glis3 morphants have pancreatic βcells, but not liver, defects. In vitro and in vivo data also demonstrated that glis3 is an effector of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway. Molecular and pharmacological inhibition of SHH reproduced the thyroid defects observed in glis3 morphants. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that glis3, within the SHH pathway, appears to determine the number of endodermal cells committed to a thyroid fate. This is the first evidence of the involvement of glis3 in TD, increasing our knowledge on the genetic bases of CH pathogenesis.
Association of Patient Treatment Preference With Dropout and Clinical Outcomes in Adult Psychosocial Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance Receiving a preferred treatment has previously been associated with lower dropout rates and better clinical outcomes, but this scenario has not been investigated specifically for psychosocial interventions for patients with a mental health diagnosis. Objective To assess the association of patient treatment preference with dropout and clinical outcomes in adult psychosocial mental health interventions via a systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Nice HDAS (Healthcare Databases Advanced Search), Google Scholar, BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), Semantic Scholar, and OpenGrey were searched from inception to July 20, 2018, and updated on June 10, 2019. Study Selection Studies were eligible if they (1) were a randomized clinical trial; (2) involved participants older than 18 years; (3) involved participants with mental health diagnoses; (4) reported data from a group of participants who received their preferred treatment and a group who received their nonpreferred treatment or who were not given a choice; and (5) offered at least 1 psychosocial intervention. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two researchers extracted study data for attendance, dropout, and clinical outcomes independently. Both assessed the risk of bias according to the Cochrane tool. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures The following 7 outcomes were examined: attendance, dropout, therapeutic alliance, depression and anxiety outcomes, global outcomes, treatment satisfaction, and remission. Results A total of 7341 articles were identified, with 34 eligible for inclusion. Twenty-nine articles were included in the meta-analyses comprising 5294 participants. Receiving a preferred psychosocial mental health treatment had a medium positive association with dropout rates (relative risk, 0.62; 0.48-0.80; P < .001; I2 = 44.6%) and therapeutic alliance (Cohen d = 0.48; 0.15-0.82; P = .01; I2 = 20.4%). There was no evidence of a significant association with other outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance This is the first review, to our knowledge, examining the association of receiving a preferred psychosocial mental health treatment with both engagement and outcomes for patients with a mental health diagnosis. Patients with mental health diagnoses who received their preferred treatment demonstrated a lower dropout rate from treatment and higher therapeutic alliance scores. These findings underline the need to accommodate patient preference in mental health services to maximize treatment uptake and reduce financial costs of premature dropout and disengagement.
Fear of the dark? Contrasting impacts of humans vs lynx on diel activity of roe deer across Europe.

Humans, as super predators, can have strong effects on wildlife behaviour, including profound modifications of diel activity patterns. Subsequent to the return of large carnivores to human-modified ecosystems, many prey species have adjusted their spatial behaviour to the contrasting landscapes of fear generated by both their natural predators and anthropogenic pressures. The effects of predation risk on temporal shifts in diel activity of prey, however, remain largely unexplored in human-dominated landscapes. We investigated the influence of the density of lynx (Lynx lynx), a nocturnal predator, on the diel activity patterns of their main prey, the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), across a gradient of human disturbance and hunting at the European scale. Based on 11 million activity records from 431 individually GPS-monitored roe deer in 12 populations within the EURODEER network (http://eurodeer.org), we investigated how lynx predation risk in combination with both lethal and non-lethal human activities affected deer diurnality. We demonstrated marked plasticity in roe deer diel activity patterns in response to spatio-temporal variations in risk, mostly due to human activities. In particular, roe deer decreased their level of diurnality by a factor of 1.37 when the background level of general human disturbance was high. Hunting exacerbated this effect, as during the hunting season deer switched most of their activity to nighttime and, to a lesser extent, to dawn, although this pattern varied noticeably in relation to lynx density. Indeed, in the presence of lynx, their main natural predator, roe deer were relatively more diurnal. Overall, our results revealed a strong influence of human activities and the presence of lynx on diel shifts in roe deer activity. In the context of the recovery of large carnivores across Europe, we provide important insights about the effects of predators on the behavioural responses of their prey in human-dominated ecosystems. Modifications in the temporal partitioning of ungulate activity as a response to human activities may facilitate human-wildlife coexistence, but likely also have knock-on effects for predator-prey interactions, with cascading effects on ecosystem functioning.
Translational Bioinformatics: Biobanks in the Precision Medicine Era

Translational bioinformatics (TBI) is focused on the integration of biomedical data science and informatics. This combination is extremely powerful for scientific discovery as well as translation into clinical practice. Several topics where TBI research is at the leading edge are 1) the use of large-scale biobanks linked to electronic health records, 2) pharmacogenomics, and 3) artificial intelligence and machine learning. This perspective discusses these three topics and points to the important elements for driving precision medicine into the future.
Ablation of reactive astrocytes exacerbates disease pathology in a model of Alzheimer's disease

The role of astrocytes in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains poorly understood. We assessed the consequences of ablating astrocytic proliferation in 9 months old double transgenic APP23/GFAP‐TK mice. Treatment of these mice with the antiviral agent ganciclovir conditionally ablates proliferating reactive astrocytes. The loss of proliferating astrocytes resulted in significantly increased levels of monomeric amyloid‐β (Aβ) in brain homogenates, associated with reduced enzymatic degradation and clearance mechanisms. In addition, our data revealed exacerbated memory deficits in mice lacking proliferating astrocytes concomitant with decreased levels of synaptic markers and higher expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Our data suggest that loss of reactive astrocytes in AD aggravates amyloid pathology and memory loss, possibly via disruption of amyloid clearance and enhanced neuroinflammation.
Overexpression of a developing xylem cDNA library in transgenic poplar generates high mutation rate specific to wood formation

Summary We investigated feasibility of the Full‐length complementary DNA OvereXpression (FOX) system as a mutagenesis approach in poplar, using developing xylem tissue. The main goal was to assess the overall mutation rate and if the system will increase instances of mutants affected in traits linked to the xylem tissue. Indeed, we found a high mutation rate of 17.7%, whereas 80% of all mutants were significantly affected in cellulose, lignin and/or hemicellulose. Cell wall biosynthesis is a major process occurring during xylem development. Enrichment of mutants affected in cell wall composition suggests that the tissue source for the FOX library influenced the occurrence of mutants affected in a trait linked to this tissue. Additionally, we found that FLcDNAs from mutants affected in cell wall composition were homologous to genes known to be involved in cell wall biosynthesis and most recovered FLcDNAs corresponded to genes whose native expression was highest in xylem. We characterized in detail a mutant line with increased diameter. The phenotype was caused by a poplar homolog of LONELY GUY 1 (LOG1), which encodes an enzyme in cytokinin biosynthesis and significantly increased xylem proliferation. The causative role of LOG1 in the observed phenotype was further reaffirmed by elevated cytokinin concentration in the mutant and recapitulation overexpression experiment wherein multiple independent lines phenocopied the original FOX mutant. Our experiments show that the FOX approach can be efficiently used for gene discovery and molecular interrogation of traits specific to woody perennial growth and development.