Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Children are sensitive to reputation when giving to both ingroup and outgroup members.

Previous studies establish that reputation concerns play an important role in outgroup giving. However, it is unclear whether the same is true for ingroup giving, which by some accounts tends to be motivated by empathic concerns. To explore this question, we tested the extent to which 5 to 9-year-old children (Study 1: N = 164) and adults (Study 2: N = 80) shared resources with ingroup and outgroup members, either when being watched by an observer (where we expected reputation concerns to be salient) or in private (where we expected no effect of reputation concerns). We also assessed whether children and adults differ in their beliefs about which form of sharing (ingroup or outgroup giving) is nicer. Although we found that both children and adults exhibited an ingroup bias when sharing, there was no evidence in either group that reputation concerns were greater for outgroup members than for ingroup members. We also found that, in contrast to adults, children shared more resources when observed than in private. Additionally, children evaluated ingroup giving as nicer across different sharing scenarios, whereas adults identified outgroup giving as nicer when the two forms of giving were contrasted. These results are the first to suggest that reputational concerns influence children's sharing both with ingroup and outgroup members, and that children differ from adults in their reasoning about which form of group sharing is nicer.
Development and diagnostics of bacterial acute rhinosinusitis in young adults

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a common condition often treated with antibiotics, even though the cause is usually viral. Despite the commonness of ARS, there is limited evidence on the development and diagnosis of bacterial cases. So far, we lack prospective studies where the bacterial cause would have been confirmed with a bacterial culture of the paranasal sinus aspirate. The purpose of the study was to investigate the course of ARS with a prospective inception cohort study among young adults with ARS, using sequential and standardized methods. To differentiate viral and bacterial ARS, maxillary sinus aspiration and a bacterial culture were used as a reference standard for bacterial ARS. Fifty conscripts with ARS were recruited between February and April 2012. Eight patients (16%) had a positive culture from the maxillary sinus aspirate at 9–10 days and thus, had bacterial ARS. Viral and bacterial coinfection resulted in extensive paranasal mucosal abnormalities and increased symptoms during the episode. The paranasal mucosal abnormalities developed rapidly and remained relatively constant during the episode in both bacterial and non-bacterial ARS. A change in inflammatory biomarker levels indicated both local and systemic inflammatory responses, which were strongest at the onset of symptoms. Symptoms or their changes were of little use in diagnosing bacterial ARS, but secretion seen in the nasal cavity, posterior pharynx or middle meatus predicted bacterial ARS quite well. These results suggest that bacterial infection may modify symptoms and paranasal abnormalities already at the beginning of an ARS episode, although the spread of paranasal abnormalities may not be an etiological factor in the development of bacterial ARS. ARS involves local and systemic inflammatory responses, which are strongest at the beginning of the episode. Examination of the nose and throat is recommended for diagnosing bacterial ARS.
Statins at Discharge in Acute Coronary Syndromes over the past 10 Years. The Epi-Cardio Registry

Background: Statins have been incorporated for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease for over two decades, with a remarkable impact in reducing morbidity and mortality. Currently, the evidence available recommends the use of high-intensity statin therapy in all the patients presenting an acute coronary syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of statins at discharge in acute coronary syndrome patients included in the Epi-Cardio registry and its variation over the past 10 years. Methods: Patients hospitalized between 2005 and 2014 with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome were included; those deceased or without data of the treatment at discharge were excluded. The frequency of indication of statins, agents, doses used over the 10-year period and the indication of high-intensity therapy (rosuvastatin 20-40 mg, atorvastatin 40-80 mg) were analyzed. The use according to the field of care was compared. Results: 22,905 records were analyzed. The most common agents used were atorvastatin 68%, simvastatin 22.7% and rosuvastatin 9.1%. The temporal trend revealed higher frequency of statin prescription (from 83% in 2005-2007 to 92.5% in 2014), higher doses, lower indication of simvastatin and higher of other agents, and greater use of high-intensity statin therapy from 7.7% in 2005-2007 to 52.6% in 2014. The use of high-intensity therapy was lower in the public health care system.Conclusions: The frequency of statin indication reaches optimal levels and the use of high-intensity therapy increased during the period evaluated, including over half of the patients. The differences in the public health care system suggest a lower access to treatment. Additional studies are necessary to identify the barriers for implementing high-intensity statin therapy.
Reforestation and surface cooling in temperate zones: Mechanisms and implications

Land‐use/cover change (LUCC) is an important driver of environmental change, occurring at the same time as, and often interacting with, global climate change. Reforestation and deforestation have been critical aspects of LUCC over the past two centuries and are widely studied for their potential to perturb the global carbon cycle. More recently, there has been keen interest in understanding the extent to which reforestation affects terrestrial energy cycling and thus surface temperature directly by altering surface physical properties (e.g., albedo and emissivity) and land–atmosphere energy exchange. The impacts of reforestation on land surface temperature and their mechanisms are relatively well understood in tropical and boreal climates, but the effects of reforestation on warming and/or cooling in temperate zones are less certain. This study is designed to elucidate the biophysical mechanisms that link land cover and surface temperature in temperate ecosystems. To achieve this goal, we used data from six paired eddy‐covariance towers over co‐located forests and grasslands in the temperate eastern United States, where radiation components, latent and sensible heat fluxes, and meteorological conditions were measured. The results show that, at the annual time scale, the surface of the forests is 1–2°C cooler than grasslands, indicating a substantial cooling effect of reforestation. The enhanced latent and sensible heat fluxes of forests have an average cooling effect of −2.5°C, which offsets the net warming effect (+1.5°C) of albedo warming (+2.3°C) and emissivity cooling effect (−0.8°C) associated with surface properties. Additional daytime cooling over forests is driven by local feedbacks to incoming radiation. We further show that the forest cooling effect is most pronounced when land surface temperature is higher, often exceeding −5°C. Our results contribute important observational evidence that reforestation in the temperate zone offers opportunities for local climate mitigation and adaptation.
Epstein–Barr virus‐associated large B‐cell lymphoma transformation in marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma: a series of four cases

To present four examples of clonally related Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated large‐cell transformation of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) (of nodal, extranodal and splenic types), occurring 120, 11 and 5 months after the initial diagnosis in three instances, and concurrently in one case; and to discuss several interesting features of EBV infection.
Cadence From Physical Activity Trackers for Monitoring of Home‐Based Exercise Intensity in Advanced Liver Disease

Frailty, a state of decreased physiologic reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors, is known to negatively impact the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. (1) Moderate-intensity exercise has been recommended by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) to promote physiologic adaptation in the general population,(2) however, its definition in end-stage liver disease (ESLD) has not been established. Cadence or per-minute steps has been proposed as a method to monitor exercise intensity and it can be obtained with personal activity trackers (PAT). (3) Although heart rate reserve (HRR) - percentage increase from resting to maximal heart rate (HR) - is recommended to identify moderate-intensity exercise,(2) it has not been evaluated in patients with ESLD, nor has it been compared with cadence. In this study, we aimed to test agreement between cadence, HRR, and a PAT-proprietary algorithm, and evaluate the optimal methods of measuring exercise intensity in ESLD patients as part of a home-based physical activity program (HB-PAP) randomized pilot trial. (4).
FORECASTING RESIDUAL VALUE FOR HEAVY CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Construction equipment managers are tasked with developing accurate hourly charges for the machines in their fleet by controlling their owning and operating costs. These two categories of costs are composed of several elements that differ from each other in terms of how they behave over time, whether they depend on how intensely the machine is used, whether they are fixed or variable, and – most importantly – how predictable they are. The residual value has been the least well known and most difficult to predict among these elements. It can provide a significant cash inflow upon selling of the machine at the end of its economic life. Good recordkeeping is the start of all managerial decision making. Own historical cost data are the most precious resource from which equipment managers can derive solid estimates for the residual value. Published auction records follow suit and may provide a large amount of usable data points to forecast the residual value of heavy construction equipment for a particular make and model. This paper describes how such data types can be turned into information based on a statistically proven yet easy-to-follow methodology. Residual value grids are introduced as an intuitive way to present the analysis graphically.
Immunohistochemical analyses of serum proteins in puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy of living rat kidneys by cryotechniques

In vivo cryotechnique (IVCT) and cryobiopsy are useful to examine native immunolocalizations of serum proteins in tissues of animal organs, re ecting their living states. We used both methods to examine some immunolocalized proteins in living rat kidneys with nephropathy induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) administration. At day 3 or 9 after intraperitoneal PAN injection, IVCT was performed on the kidneys of anesthetized rats. Urinary proteins excretions increased at day 3 and exceeded 300 mg/day at day 9. Moreover, blood chemistry analyses indicated hypoalbuminemia and renal dysfunction at day 9. At day 3, minimal morphological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, but albumin and immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) were immunolocalized along the cytoplasm of podocytes and in the apical parts of proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell. At day 9, erythrocyte intravascular congestion was observed in almost all of the glomerular basement membranes (GBMs), with casts in some renal tubules also immunostained for albumin and IgG1. The relative immunoreactivities of albumin and IgG1 were weaker within GBMs, and the deposited renal tubule casts were strongly immunostained, indicating relatively different protein concentrations. Thus, these techniques revealed dynamically changing processes of protein excretion and reabsorption in various nephron segments that enable us to examine the morphofunctional features of animal kidneys in other renal diseases.
QUERY EXPANSION METHOD FOR QURAN SEARCH USING SEMANTIC SEARCH AND LUCENE RANKING

Search engines are becoming an instrument for users to search for needed information. The web search engine is one of the most popular search engines that are successfully implemented in many application areas. A major challenge to a web search engine is vocabulary mismatch, specifically term selection and weighting. With the advent of query expansion techniques, the performance of web search engines has been improved in terms of retrieving users needed information. These techniques add additional terms to a query for better search results. The results of these techniques still lack higher precision values. This paper proposed a new hybrid query expansion approach to improve Quran search results using semantic search and Lucene ranking. More specifically, a novel semantic search for Quran search is first presented, in which, Quran search queries are expanded with word synonyms and combined with Quran ontology to get the relationships between concepts within the expanded query. Based on the proposed semantic search, the Lucene ranking algorithm is adopted and modified with stemming, stop words and derivatives to improve the results of query expansion for Quran search. To assess the performance of the proposed query expansion, semantic search and Lucene ranking experiments were conducted using 8 Quran datasets from the Tanzil web site. Overall, the results indicate that the proposed LQA and SSLR on Arberry dataset is superior to other query expansion techniques for Quran search in MAP with 55% and 48% respectively. Future research work should focus on improving Quran ontology and utilizes within a distributed semantic representation
EEBL SAFETY APPLICATION PERFORMANCE EVALUATION IN V 2 V NETWORKS

The reasearch community is working in the automotive field with the aim to design VANET applications whom will revolutionize the road traffic mobility in terms of number of lifes saved and accidents avoided. This technology, as suggested by the U.S National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, tries to overcome the limits of radar systems and the situations in which drivers could be interested in having a wider perspective, not only about vehicles in its proximity. This work focuses on EEBL safety application performance evaluation in single lane motorway scenario, where a leader of a fleet roughly brakes down until a complete stop. The mobility model runs thanks to the traffic simulator Simulation of Urban Mobility SUMO, in which Intelligent Driver Model IDM has been set as the default driving profile, as to include also a strictly human delay component. SUMO has been modified for the purpose of introducing accidents during simulations. The network structure instead is provided by the open-source Omnet++ network simulator. The EEBL application exploits these network resources to deliver a particular EEBL message whenever the host vehicle performs decelerations over a certain treshold. The application has been designed to be integrated with an Automatic Emergency Braking AEB behaviour, as soon as a V2V communication capable car receives such information. The test have been run varying the portion of the equipped vehicles, representing the Penetration Rate PR of the technology, on the total fleet and the Time-to-Lock TtL latency elapsed from the recpetion of the EEBL emergency message and the activation of the braking system. The performed tests provide a scenario in which with the increasing of PR, for the first six cars involved, the number of vehicles involved in accidents are reduced as well as the maximum average deceleration braking intensity. Regarding TtL parameter, is possible to say that it doesn’t influence the general outcomes significantly. These results suggest that even without a considerable technology spread, EEBL can contribute to an important safety improvement in emergency road situations. This aspect is mainly due to the fact that benefits of this technology can be earned by other surrounding unequipped vehicles.
Association between Smoking, Alcoholism and Pulmonary Tuberculosis

To observe the association between cigarette smoking, alcoholism and PTB. This study was carried out in Chest and Tuberculosis Hospital, Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh, India between 2008-2014 in patients and controls aged between 10-80 years. The medical charts of PTB in-patients were reviewed. 38% of the patients had both cigarette smoking and alcohol habit while only 12% of the controls had both smoking and alcohol habit. The data in the two groups was compared statistically. Positive association between smoker cum alcoholics and PTB was observed.
WATERBORNE PATHOGEN DETECTION USING A SMART PHONE BASED FLUORESCENT MICROSCOPE

We demonstrate a field portable waterborne pathogen detection platform capable of analyzing large volume (e.g., ~10 ml) water samples in less than one hour, including sample preparation steps. This smartphone based platform consists of a flow through assay cassette and a fluorescence microscope that is integrated onto the camera module of the smartphone. This pathogen detection platform enables rapid imaging and quantification of fluorescently labeled Giardia lamblia cysts captured on filter membranes within disposable cassettes.
Research on Solving Assignment Problem Based on Linear Programming Modeling

The optimal allocation of resources plays an important role in improving the competitiveness of modern enterprises, but the unbalanced and uncoordinated allocation of resources still restricts the realization of the ideal state of production activities. The research of assignment problem can improve the product design and production efficiency of enterprises. In this paper, through linear programming modeling, basic transformation of matrix and Hungarian algorithm, the optimal assignment method was obtained. It provided the basis for further programming. Then, taking the time arrangement of Chinese manual translation as a basic example, the results showed that using the model and solving has a good effect, and could make the most reasonable allocation in a short time. Based on the traditional Hungarian method, this paper improved the solution of the maximum assignment problem, which makes the solution more direct. It is also of great practical significance to study the solution of optimization assignment problem to improve the efficiency of completing tasks.
On generating a flexible class of non-stationary spatial models using Gaussian predictive processes

This article proposes a flexible class of non-stationary spatial models by using recently developed Gaussian predictive processes. So far these processes are only used as approximate dimension reduction models for analysing large spatial data sets. The contribution of the current article lies in proposing these models even for small sample sizes and studying the nature of non-stationarity implied by these predictive processes under various scenarios of selection of the knot locations where the predictive process is to be anchored for both small and large data sets. Results obtained here show that different random and non-random choices of knot-locations lead to new flexible forms of nonstationary covariance functions not yet studied in the literature. These new covariance functions give rise to new flexible Bayesian predictive models but do not complicate the fitting and analysis methods unlike other non-stationary models. The proposed methods are illustrated using two practical data sets on modelling air pollution exposure in London and the other on modelling a well-known data set on scallop abundance in the Atlantic Ocean near the City of New York. ∗E-mail: S.K. Sahu@soton.ac. uk. 1
Models of multi-ordinary mechatronic models of intellectual robots.

: In the article mathematic description of mechatronic module in intelligent robots and robotic systems are observed. To display the structure of mechatronic modules, which consist of interrelated different electrical, magnetic and mechatron components, mathematic models by the help of multiplication theory based on relations and visualising lines and points are designed. Analytical explanation of mechantronic modele in intelligent robots is provided.
CE_A_172912 3..17

Maria Galkin Brian A Jonas 2 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a disease with high mortality, especially for older patients and those with relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease. With recent advances in molecular testing, targeting particular leukemogenic mutations such as those occurring in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) became possible. Enasidenib is a new smallmolecule inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2). Aim: The objective of this article is to review the evidence for the use of enasidenib in R/R AML, as well as to outline future directions of enasidenib therapy. Evidence Review: Enasidenib was approved in August 2017, after a successful Phase I/II trial showing an overall response rate (ORR) of 40.3% in R/R disease, with 19.3% of patients achieving complete remission (CR). Enrollees in the trial were mostly older adults. The most prominent toxicities were hyperbilirubinemia and IDH-differentiation syndrome (IDH-DS), though the drug was generally well tolerated and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. A Phase III trial is currently ongoing. Conclusion: Enasidenib provides a new therapeutic option for patients with R/R AML. Further studies are ongoing to ascertain its role in combination with other agents and newly diagnosed disease.
Inotropes, Absolute Monocyte Counts and Survival of Children with Septic Shock

Background: Monocytes play important role in immune modulation during sepsis. Monocyte dysfunction is known to affect the outcomes in septic patients. The current study evaluates the association between inotrope usage, absolute monocyte count and survival of critically ill children with septic shock. Methods: Charts of all children who received vasoactive medications during one calendar year and admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were reviewed. Children with immunodeficiency, cardiogenic shock, and post-operative conditions were excluded. Data collected included total and absolute blood cell counts, serum electrolytes, dosages of inotropes, use of supportive measures, outcomes, paediatric index of mortality (PIM-2) scores, and PICU length of stay. Daily laboratory values were collected for 5 days from the start of vasoactive support. Data from children who survived were compared with those expired. Main Results: Records of 26 children who were admitted to PICU with septic shock were analysed. The mortality rate was 15.4%. These children received multiple supportive therapies including insulin (23%), hydrocortisone (42%), nitric oxide (15%), diuretics (61.5%), blood products (77%), ventilator support (85%), sedatives and analgesics (89%), and paralytics (61.5%). There were no significant differences in their use, minimum and maximum absolute monocytes counts, length of stay, PIM-2 score, and cumulative inotropic score between those who survived versus those who expired. All 4 patients who died received more than one vasoactive medication on day 1 of septic shock compared to only 10 (45%) among those who survived (p<0.05). Lower proportion of survivors received inotropic support for ≥5 days (27% vs 75%; p=0.03). The relative risk of death if epinephrine was used on first day is 7.7 [95% CI (1.6-36.0), p=0.0099]. The change in absolute monocyte count (max-min count) was lower in those who survived (733 vs 1293x10/dL; p<0.05). Conclusion: Epinephrine and the number of inotrope use on first day are associated with non-survival. Absolute monocyte count fluctuation is less among children who survived septic shock compared to those who die with septic shock.