Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving the Accuracy of Support Vector Machines

In this paper we introduce a new kernel function that could improve the SVMs classification accuracy. The proposed kernel function, called polynomial radial basis function (PRBF) combines both Gauss (RBF) and Polynomial (POLY) kernels. We prove that the proposed kernel converges faster than the Gauss and Polynomial kernels and also gives a good classification accuracy in nearly all the data sets specially with high dimension ones. Thereafter SVMs algorithm based on the PRBF is implemented and experimented with non-separable data set with several attributes to prove its efficiency. Then, the obtained results are compared with SVMs algorithms that are based on Gausian and Polynomial kernels.
Soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities: Their natural history, treatment, and radiation sensitivity

The authors have attempted to explore the factors that influence the clinical course of a patient with a soft tissue tumor of the extremity (local recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival) by reviewing the literature as well as the cases at their institution. Do histology, site (proximal extremity versus distal extremity), age, or treatment significantly influence the natural history of the disease?
Sonar Image Fusion based on SR-NNKSVD Denoiseing and Interpolation Methods

: Interpolation of pix as a rule utilized in picture processes and fusion techniques which includes more than a few processing duties corresponding to compression, restoration, denoising, enhancement. Reconstruction fine of any image interpolation algorithm is determined by its capability to adapt altering pixel constitution across picture. On this paper, proposed a denoising algorithm (DCT, DT_CWT, and KSVD) and interpolation strategies similar to SR-NN_KSVD, NARM and comparisons of these approaches utilizing fusion of sonar photograph. Via this methods have many artifacts in low decision picture similar to blurring, ringing may also be eliminated. The experimental outcome exhibit that the proposed algorithm of SR_NN_KSVD is quite simply reduce the noise and bigger than that of lots of the existing algorithm such as DCT, DT_DWT, KSVD, NARM
Noise-immune current-integration-based CMOS amperometric sensor platform with 1.2 μm × 2.05 μm electroless-plated microelectrode array for robust bacteria counting

A noise-immune current-integration-based CMOS amperometric sensor platform with a bacteria-sized (1.2 μm × 2.05 μm) Au electroless-plated microelectrode array for robust bacteria counting is presented. For robust bacteria counting with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), noise must be reduced because the bacteria-sized microelectrode surrounded by a wall can handle only small current (on the order of 100 pA). This is the first platform to employ a current integrator in conjunction with a bacteria-sized microelectrode array. As a result of the proposed current integration, noise associated with drift and the CMOS sensor array can be reduced. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a test chip was fabricated using 0.6 μm standard CMOS technology. Measurement results demonstrate successful high-sensitivity 2D direct counting of microbeads (1 μm diameter) with 27 dB SNR at 5-ms integration time.
Fungal interference with Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination of maize grown in a controlled environment

The ability of 'competing fungi' in preharvested maize to interfere with Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination of developing kernels was examined. Experiments were conducted in a plant growth room to eliminate insect damage of the ear, contaminating fungi, and unpredictable climatic events. Silk inoculation of uninjured ears resulted in fewer than 2% A. flavus-infected kernels and no detectable aflatoxin. Sterile toothpick-wounding of several kernels on ears that were similarly silk-inoculated promoted substantial A. flavus infestation and aflatoxin contamination of the wounded kernels. Many of the uninjured kernels also became infected with A. flavus. Kernel wounding by toothpick also promoted ear infection by Fusarium moniliforme, Acremonium strictum, and Aspergillus niger. When kernels were directly wound-inoculated with A. flavus and competing fungi, high levels of aflatoxins were detected in both the wounded kernel tissues and the first surrounding circle of uninjured kernels. However, the competing fungi, particularly F. moniliforme, inhibited A. flavus from further infecting and contaminating the other uninjured kernels on the same ear with aflatoxin.
Effects of lifestyle modification and metformin on atherosclerotic indices among HIV-infected patients with the metabolic syndrome

Objective:Metabolic abnormalities including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and abdominal obesity occur commonly in HIV patients, are associated with increased coronary artery calcification (CAC), and contribute to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this population. We hypothesized that lifestyle modification (LSM) and metformin would improve CVD indices in HIV patients with metabolic syndrome. Design:A randomized, placebo-controlled trial to investigate LSM and metformin, alone and in combination, over 1 year, among 50 HIV-infected patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods:We assessed CAC, cardiovascular and metabolic indices. Results:Among the participants, duration of HIV-infection was 14 ± 1 year and duration of antiretroviral therapy was 6 ± 1 year. Metformin-treated patients demonstrated significantly less progression of CAC (−1 ± 2 vs. 33 ± 17, P = 0.004, metformin vs. placebo), whereas the effect of LSM on CAC progression was not significant (8 ± 6 vs. 21 ± 14, P = 0.82, LSM vs. no-LSM). Metformin had a significantly greater effect on CAC than LSM (P = 0.01). Metformin-treated patients also demonstrated less progression in calcified plaque volume (−0.4 ± 1.9 vs. 27.6 ± 13.8 &mgr;l, P = 0.008) and improved homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.05) compared with placebo. Participants randomized to LSM vs. no-LSM showed significant improvement in HDL (P = 0.03), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (P = 0.05), and cardiorespiratory fitness. Changes in CAC among the four groups – no-LSM–placebo (43 ± 30); LSM–placebo (19 ± 7); no-LSM–metformin (1 ± 1) and LSM–metformin (−4 ± 6) – were different (P = 0.03 for ANOVA and linear trend across groups), and the majority of this effect was mediated by metformin. Results are mean ± SEM. Conclusion:Metformin prevents plaque progression in HIV-infected patients with the metabolic syndrome.
The Impact of Global Anesthesia and Surgery: Professional Partnerships and Humanitarian Outreach

Disparities in surgical services in low and middle income countries (LMICs) have long existed. Until recently however, the global health community did not appreciate the impact that inadequate access to surgical care had on public health. The lack of support for surgery as a public health intervention is likely the result of: (1) few sources of available surgical data, nonspecific health indicators related to surgery, and inadequate outcome measures, (2) limited surgical infrastructure, education and training, and (3) inaccurate assumptions regarding the cost effectiveness and sustainability of emergency and essential surgery. With this in mind, how is the case for surgical capacity best made? Limited infrastructure for record keeping makes it difficult to rely on cause of death statistics. And even if such records were reliable, most patients with surgical conditions such as trauma, obstructed labor, post-partum hemorrhage, coronary artery disease, neoplasm and bowel obstructions
Exercising testing in adult normal subjects and cardiac patients. 1963.

1. Several approaches to assessment of physical work capacity in the upright posture in normal adults and cardiac patients have been reviewed critically. 2. Preliminary experience has been presented with a new multistage treadmill test of maximal exercise which permits appraisal of either a physically trained normal subject or an impaired but ambulatory cardiac patient. 3. The most effective means of differentiating cardiacs from normals has been an estimate of the total oxygen intake/Kg of body weight. 4. The need for monitoring the circulation with respect to arrhythmias, ischemia and/or hypotension has been emphasized. The authors wish to acknowledge their appreciation of many physicians, particularly Dr. Robert M. Levenson of the Seattle Cardiac Work Evaluation Clinic, and medical and graduate students who have assisted in the testing of patients and normals. The assistance of Mrs. Gladys Pettet is gratefully acknowledged also.
Ectopic Germinal Centers Are Rare in Sjögren’s Syndrome Salivary Glands and Do Not Exclude Autoreactive B Cells1

This study reports on the characterization of B cells of germinal center (GC)-like structures infiltrating the salivary glands (SGs) of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. Eight two-color combinations were devised to characterize the phenotype of these B cells in 11 SG specimens selected from biopsies obtained from 40 Sjögren’s syndrome patients and three normal tonsils. The 9G4 mAb, which recognizes V4.34-encoded autoAbs, enabled us to identify autoreactive B cells. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the level of mRNAs for activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA), repressors and transcription factors. CD20+IgD−CD38+CD21+CD24− B cells, similar to those identified in tonsil GCs, were seen in the SGs of four patients and, and since they expressed AICDA, they were termed “real GCs”. CD20+IgD+CD38−CD21+CD24+ B cells, seen in aggregates from the remaining seven samples, were characteristically type 2 transitional B cells and marginal zone-type B cells. They lacked AICDA mRNAs and were termed “aggregates”. Real GCs from SGs contained mRNAs for Pax-5 and Bcl-6, like tonsil GC cells, whereas aggregates contained mRNAs for Notch-2, Blimp-1, IRF-4, and BR3, similar to marginal zone B cells. Further experimental data in support of this dichotomy included the restriction of CXCR5 expression to real GC cells, while sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 was expressed only in aggregates. In contrast, both types of B cell clusters expressed the idiotype recognized by the 9G4 mAb. Our data indicate that, in SGs, a minority of B cell clusters represent genuine GC cells, while the majority manifest features of being type 2 transitional B cells and marginal zone cells. Interestingly, both types of B cell aggregates include autoreactive B cells.
Hearing impairment in premature newborns—Analysis based on the national hearing screening database in Poland

Objectives The incidence of sensorineural hearing loss is between 1 and 3 per 1000 in healthy neonates and 2–4 per 100 in high-risk infants. The national universal neonatal hearing screening carried out in Poland since 2002 enables selection of infants with suspicion and/or risk factors of hearing loss. In this study, we assessed the incidence and risk factors of hearing impairment in infants ≤33 weeks’ gestational age (wga). Methods We analyzed the database of the Polish Universal Newborns Hearing Screening Program from 2010 to 2013. The study group involved 11438 infants born before 33 wga, the control group—1487730 infants. Screening was performed by means of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. The risk factors of hearing loss were recorded. Infants who failed the screening test and/or had risk factors were referred for further audiological evaluation. Results Hearing deficit was diagnosed in 11% of infants ≤25 wga, 5% at 26–27 wga, 3.46% at 28 wga and 2–3% at 29–32 wga. In the control group the incidence of hearing deficit was 0.2% (2.87% with risk factors). The most important risk factors were craniofacial malformations, very low birth weight, low Apgar score and mechanical ventilation. Hearing screening was positive in 22.42% newborns ≤28 wga and 10% at 29–32 wga and in the control group. Conclusions Hearing impairment is a severe consequence of prematurity. Its prevalence is inversely related to the maturity of the baby. Premature infants have many concomitant risk factors which influence the occurrence of hearing deficit.
A mixed-integer LP procedure for the analysis of electric grid security under disruptive threat

This paper presents a solution procedure for the mixed-integer bilevel programming model of the electric grid security under disruptive threat problem, here concisely denoted by (ST-MIBLP), that was recently reported. Using results from linear programming theory and some basic linearization of products of binary-binary or binary-continuous variables, we recast (ST-MIBLP) into a standard (one-level) mixed-integer linear program (ST-MILP) with no more binary variables than in the original (ST-MIBLP). This transformation provides a framework for globally solving (ST-MIBLP) using available mixed-integer linear programming solvers. Some numerical results obtained by the new method are compared with those recently published, based on IEEE Reliability Test Systems.
Performance Evaluation of Sectorized Fractional Frequency Reuse Techniques Using Novel Metric

LTE Femtocells are designed to increase capacity and coverage especially for the indoor and cell-edge mobile users. Typically, they are deployed to offload the macrocell users. However, due to co-location of femtocells in macrocell coverage, the co-tier and cross-tier interferences are high. Fractional Frequency Reuse mechanism (FFR) is one of the most effective femtocell interference avoidance techniques. In this paper, we propose a new metric to determine optimal inner region radius and frequency allocation which optimizes the total cell throughput and serves as many number of users in the network. The new metric is applied to sectorized FFR methods and their performance is compared with increasing volume of femtocell deployment.
Lower-Body Muscle Structure and Its Role in Jump Performance During Squat, Countermovement, and Depth Drop Jumps

Earp, JE, Kraemer, WJ, Newton, RU, Comstock, BA, Fragala, MS, Dunn-Lewis, C, Solomon-Hill, G, Penwell, ZR, Powell, MD, Volek, JS, Denegar, CR, Häkkinen, KA, and Maresh, CM. Performance during squat, countermovement, and depth drop jumps. J Strength Cond Res 24(3): 722-729, 2010-The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lower-body muscle structure and vertical jump performance. Twenty-five resistance-trained men (age, 23.3 ± 3.2 years; height, 176.1 ± 7.4 cm; and weight, 86.2 ± 11.6 kg) took part in both anatomical and jump performance testing. Muscle fascicle thickness, fascicle length, and pennation angle were analyzed for the vastus lateralis (VL) and the lateral gastrocnemius (LG). Jump height and both relative and absolute power were measured for the squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and depth drop jump (DDJ). Regressions were used to determine if jump performance could be predicted using the aforementioned structures. No VL measurements were significantly correlated with any of the jump measures. Lateral gastrocnemius pennation angle was a significant but weak predictor of jump height for all 3 jump types (SJ: r2 = 0.212, p = 0.021; CMJ: r2 = 0.186, p = 0.018; DDJ: r2 = 0.263, p = 0.005). When comparing jump height at increasing preloads, none of the variables of interest could significantly predict the jump height differences between CMJ and SJ. However, LG fascicle length had a weak but significant inverse relationship with DDJ-CMJ (r2 = 0.152; p = 0.031). Lateral gastrocnemius thickness was the strongest predictor of absolute power for all jump types and between jump types (SJ: r2 = 0.181, p = 0.034; CMJ: r2 = 0.201, p = 0.014; DDJ: r2 = 0.122, p = 0.049; CMJ-SJ: r2 = 0.201, p = 0.014; DDJ-CMJ: r2 = 0.146, p = 0.034). Lateral gastrocnemius pennation angle was also the best predictor of relative power for all 3 jump types and between jump types (SJ: r2 = 0.172, p = 0.038; CMJ: r2 = 0.416, p = 0.000; DDJ: r2 = 0.167, p = 0.024; CMJ-SJ: r2 = 0.391, p = 0.000; DDJ-CMJ: r2 = 0.136, p = 0.039). Results for jump performance differ from those previously found for sprinting in that greater pennation and shorter fascicles, positively predicting jumping ability at increased prestretch loads reinforcing the need for training specificity. Our findings in resistance-trained men indicate that where jumping is vital to athletic success one can benefit from developing LG muscle architecture along with addressing eccentric strength.
Transport phenomena near the Mott transition.

We consider the transport properties of a strongly (antiferromagnetically) correlated electron system in the temperature regime where the Fermi-liquid coherence ceases to exist. We find that the resistivity is linear in temperature, the thermal conductivity is almost temperature independent obeying approximately the Wiedemann-Franz law, while the Hall coefficient acquires a temperature dependence. The sign of the thermopower and Hall coefficient are hole-like. We calculate the residual resistivity caused by a random potential using the slave-boson technique. The disorder changes the slope of the temperature-dependent resistivity, but the Fermi surface remains relatively sharp.
An E cient Implementation of Hybrid Data Value Predictors with Con dence Estimation

Speculative execution is becoming increasingly important in exploiting maximum instruction level parallelism in modern processor design. A number of computational and context-based data value prediction schemes have been proposed recently. Although many such systems showed very good prediction accuracy in simulation, their hardware complexity have degraded their implementability in real systems. In this work, we analyze the performance and hardware utilization of the best existing hybrid data value predictor, and propose a modi cation called value extension bu er. The modi ed system has 40% less hardware complexity while retaining the prediction power of the baseline system. We also investigate using con dence estimator to further reduce the misprediction rate. We discover an interesting data value misprediction clustering phenomenon, and identify the program dependent and independent sources of clusters. A modi cation to counter based con dence estimators using the knowledge of misprediction clustering is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate the simple modi cation may help reduce prediction misses signi cantly while retaining comparable level of prediction hits. We have extended the SimpleScalar Toolset for all the simulations reported in this paper. All results are based on SPEC95 benchmark programs.
Relevance and Mutual Information-based Feature Discretization

In many learning problems, feature discretization(FD) techniques yield compact data representations, which often lead to shorter training time and higher classification accuracy. In this paper, we propose two new FD techniques. The first method is based on the classical Linde-Buzo-Gray quantization algorithm, guided by a relevance criterion, and is able to work in unsupervised, supervised, or semi-supervised scenarios, depending on the adopted measure of relevance. The second method is a supervised technique based on the maximization of the mutual information between each discrete feature and the class label. For both methods, our experiments on standard benchmark datasets show their ability to scale up to high-dimensional data, attaining in many cases better accuracy than other FD approaches, while using fewer discretization intervals.
Smartphone medication adherence apps: potential benefits to patients and providers.

OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of medication adherence, discuss the potential for smartphone medication adherence applications (adherence apps) to improve medication nonadherence, evaluate features of adherence apps across operating systems (OSs), and identify future opportunities and barriers facing adherence apps. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION Medication nonadherence is a common, complex, and costly problem that contributes to poor treatment outcomes and consumes health care resources. Nonadherence is difficult to measure precisely, and interventions to mitigate it have been largely unsuccessful. PRACTICE INNOVATION Using smartphone adherence apps represents a novel approach to improving adherence. This readily available technology offers many features that can be designed to help patients and health care providers improve medication-taking behavior. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Currently available apps were identified from the three main smartphone OSs (Apple, Android, and Blackberry). In addition, desirable features for adherence apps were identified and ranked by perceived importance to user desirability using a three-point rating system: 1, modest; 2, moderate; or 3, high. The 10 highest-rated apps were installed and subjected to user testing to assess app attributes using a standard medication regimen. RESULTS 160 adherence apps were identified and ranked. These apps were most prevalent for the Android OS. Adherence apps with advanced functionality were more prevalent on the Apple iPhone OS. Among all apps, MyMedSchedule, MyMeds, and RxmindMe rated the highest because of their basic medication reminder features coupled with their enhanced levels of functionality. CONCLUSION Despite being untested, medication apps represent a possible strategy that pharmacists can recommend to nonadherent patients and incorporate into their practice.
Interrogating the human genome using uninterpreted mass spectrometry data

The public availability of a draft assembly of the human genome has enabled us to demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of searching a complete, unmasked eukaryotic genome using uninterpreted mass spectrometry data. A complex LC‐MS/MS data set, containing peptides from at least 22 human proteins, was searched against a comprehensive, nonidentical protein database, an expressed sequence tag (EST) database, and the International Human Genome Project draft assembly of the human genome. The results from the three searches are compared in detail, and the merits of the different databases for this application are discussed. In the case of the EST database, the UniGene index provided a method of simplifying and summarising the search results. In the case of the genomic DNA, the presence of introns prevented matching of roughly one quarter of the spectra, but the technique can provide primary experimental verification of predicted coding sequences, and has the potential to identify novel coding sequences.