Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep, Emotion Dysregulation, and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents

Introduction: Numerous biological and psychosocial changes typical of adolescence combine such that adolescents get significantly less sleep than they need. Sleep deprivation is associated with emotion regulation deficits and most adolescents who engage in NSSI report doing so for emotion regulation reasons. Accordingly, adolescents may be especially likely to turn to NSSI under conditions of chronic sleep deprivation, where more adaptive emotion regulation strategies seem inaccessible. Method: Forty adolescents (12-19 years) completed self-report questionnaires and an inperson interview during a one-time lab visit. Correlational analyses assessed the associations between sleep deprivation (measured in self-reported sleep duration and perceived insufficient sleep), emotion dysregulation and NSSI engagement (ever or never). Results: Perceived insufficient sleep, but not sleep duration, was associated with both emotion dysregulation and NSSI engagement. Mediation analyses revealed that emotion dysregulation fully accounted for the relationship between perceived insufficient sleep and NSSI. Conclusions: Results suggest that sleep deprivation may confer risk for NSSI via emotion dysregulation, though further research is needed to confirm directionality. Insights gained from this study may inform the development of prevention and treatment interventions for NSSI in adolescents.
Revisão sistemática com metanálise para avaliação da eficácia da bosentana e iloprosta no tratamento da microvascularização da esclerose sistêmica

Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an autoimmune disease of connective tissue characterized by cutaneous fibrosis and internal organs. The clinical manifestations of ES include the Raynaud phenomenon and digital ulcers (DU). Studies have shown iloprosta (ILO) and bosentan (BOS) to prevent the onset of new digital ulcers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ILO + BOS (intervention) compared to ILO alone (comparator) in the treatment of microvascularization in ES. A systematic review was conducted with a metaanalysis of clinical trials, identified in the electronic databases MEDLINE (via Pubmed), LILACS, Center for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) and COCHRANE Library, from August 30 to December 20 / 2017. Regarding the outcome of micro hemorrhage (MH), analyzing the score at the end of treatment, and the outcome of branched capillaries (BC) at baseline, there was a statistically significant difference, favoring the treatment group. The blood perfusion (BP) outcome had a significant statistical difference at the beginning favoring the ILO, but at the end of the treatment it favored the ILO + BOS intervention. However, the overall effect measure on the giant capillary outcomes (GC), MH, BC, DU and BP did not favor any drug, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Thus, it is concluded that the evidence recovered shows that there is no statistically significant difference between the ILO + BOS association compared to ILO in the treatment of ES microvascularization. The cost-benefit of the association of bosentan to iloprost is not sufficient to be recommended as a treatment.
Effect of individual and combined supplementation of vitamin E and selenium on the performance of broiler chicks fed ochratoxin - A

An experiment with a completely randomized block design was used to evaluate the effects of ochratoxin (2 mg/kg of diet), vitamin E (400 mg/kg) and selenium (1 mg/kg), both individually and in combination, in 6 week old broilers. Commercial broilers (240) were randomly placed in battery brooder with 10 birds/pen. Each treatment was replicated 3 times. A significant (P<0.05) drop in body weight, total protein and increase in mortality, relative weights of kidney, liver, serum uric acid and gamma glutamyl transferase activity were noticed. Mortality was highest among the broiler fed OA. Addition of selenium alone did not alter any of the parameters evaluated. Vitamin E alone and in combination with selenium significantly (P <0.05) diminished the growth inhibitory effect of OA, reduced the liver weight, severity of hepatie lesions and reduced the activity of GGT to control level. The increase in uric acid and decrease in total serum protein values caused by OA were significantly diminished to differing degree by vitamin E plus selenium, These data suggest that vitamin E alone or in combination with selenium can modulate the toxicity of OA in broilers.
The effect of constant photoperiod on testis weight and the use of comb area to predict testis weights in broiler breeders males

From the literature, it is evident that broiler breeder pullets exhibit photorefractoriness, and while it is assumed that male broiler breeders respond in a similar manner to females, it would be beneficial to determine if that is the case. This would enable lighting programmes to be designed that will ensure maximum fertility of both males and females. Male broiler breeders were housed in light-tight rooms and given constant photoperiods of 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 or 18 h / d. One or two birds were sampled from each room weekly from 71 to 232 d, and the remaining birds at 467 d, and testis weights measured. There was no significant difference between left and right testis weights, so the average was used in the analyses. Digital images of the head were recorded prior to slaughter and of four birds in each room weekly. The area of the comb was measured using image analysis software. The relationship between comb area and average testis weight was determined by regression analysis, with a logistic curve being best at fitting the data. A positive, significant relationship was observed with 69% of the variance in average testis weight being accounted for by comb area. Thus, comb area could provide a reasonable, non-invasive technique to assess fertility. At 165 d, average testis weights showed strong evidence that males exhibit juvenile photorefractoriness in a manner similar to females. Males on shorter photoperiods matured faster than those on photoperiods of 14 h and longer. As the birds aged, the effects of photorefractoriness wore off, but at the end of the experiment adult photorefractoriness was again evident, with birds on 14 h and longer having smaller average testis weights, and therefore, no longer responding to the stimulatory photoperiod.
Possible climate‐change effects on mycotoxin contamination of food crops pre‐ and postharvest

This paper examines the available information on the potential for climate-change impacts on mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxin contamination of food crops pre- and postharvest. It considers the effect of changes in temperature/water availability on mycotoxin contamination, especially incidences where aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A production has been influenced. The potential of using preharvest models to predict risk from deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat, fumonisin B1 in maize and aflatoxins in maize and peanuts in different continents are considered in the context of potential for adaptation to include climate-change scenarios. Available information suggests that slightly elevated CO2 concentrations and interactions with temperature and water availability may stimulate growth of some mycotoxigenic species, especially under water stress. The accumulated knowledge on interacting conditions of water/temperature effects on optimum and boundary conditions for growth and mycotoxin production has been used to predict the effects that +3 and +5°C increases under water stress would have on growth/mycotoxin production by mycotoxigenic species. Various spatial scales, from toxin gene expression to regional approaches using geostatistics, are examined for their use in understanding the impact that climate change may have on food contamination in developing and developed countries. The potential for using an integrated systems approach to link gene expression data, phenotypic toxin production under different interacting abiotic conditions is discussed using Fusarium species and DON as examples. Such approaches may be beneficial for more accurate predictions of risk from mycotoxins on a regional basis and also the potential for new emerging toxin threats.
First implantation of the CE marked transcatheter sapien 3 ultra-valve in pulmonary position

The Edwards Sapien transcatheter valves have been used for more than ten years in pulmonary position. One concern of these valves was that they had to be crimped distally to the inflation balloon and adjusted in the inferior caval vein. The Sapien 3 ultra-recently received CE mark for the aortic position. In contrast to the former Sapien transcatheter valves, as the Sapien 3 and Sapien XT, this one can be crimped directly on the inflation balloon, facilitating the procedure. We report on the first successful implantation of the Sapien 3 ultra in pulmonary position. *Correspondence to: Daniel Tanase, German Heart Centre Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80363 Munich, Germany, E-mail: tanase@dhm.mhn. de
Discovery of Small Molecule Influenza Virus NS1 Antagonist

The Non Structural 1 (NS1) is a 230–237 amino acid relatively well-conserved viral protein that is usually expressed only during infection [1]. It contains an RNA binding domain (RBD) and an effector domain (ED) that is connected by a variable linker [2]. The NS1 protein has been shown to be a key player that counters the host interferon (IFN) response to viral infection in strain-specific ways [3]. NS1 inhibits the function of OAS (2′–5′-oligoadenylate synthetase) and PKR (protein kinase R) [4] and block IFN-β synthesis at the post-transcriptional level by inhibiting the pre-mRNA splicing and blocking the export of poly(A)-RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm [5]. It also hampers the host’s defense pathways by interfering with the host RNAi pathway, adaptive immune response, and the apoptotic response [6]. NS1 is also a key component in the temporal regulation of viral RNA synthesis, its splicing, and translation [7]. Thus, NS1 enhances the virulence of infection, posing as a compelling target for influenza treatment. These compounds will enable researchers to test how NS1 inhibition impacts the infection cycle and how antagonists can be leveraged alone or in combination with existing agents in the next generation of treatments for influenza infection. We developed and conducted a high-throughput screen using a novel yeast-based phenotypic assay to identify compounds which specifically inhibit NS1 function. Here we report a potent NS1 antagonist chemical series, represented by ML303. The SAR (structure activity relationship) around this chemical series was further developed by measuring the compound’s ability to inhibit replication of the influenza A/PR/8/34 virus in MDCK cells. The ML303 compound series specifically restored the NS1-inhibited expression of the interferon mRNA, inhibited the NS1 function in mechanistic assay and exhibited a potent antiviral activity in culture.
Développement d’un propulseur plasma à résonance cyclotron électronique pour les satellites

Ce travail de these porte sur le propulseur electrique de type ECR (resonance cyclotron electronique) developpe a l’ONERA. Ce propulseur quasi-neutre, qui utilise une tuyere magnetique pour accelerer le plasma, produit une poussee d’environ 1 mN pour des puissances inferieures a 50 W. Dans cette these, on se propose de developper et d’optimiser les diagnostics de mesure des performances du propulseur ECR, d’identifier les parametres experimentaux pouvant influencer les performances et d’ameliorer la comprehension des phenomenes physiques ayant lieu dans le propulseur. Ces objectifs ont pour finalite l’amelioration des performances. Pour repondre a ces objectifs, plusieurs prototypes a aimant permanent ont ete developpes, et une balance permettant de mesurer directement la poussee a ete modifiee pour caracteriser le propulseur. Differentes etudes parametriques ont ete conduites, qui ont montre que les performances dependaient directement du rapport entre le debit de xenon et la puissance micro-onde injectee. Il a egalement ete observe que la longueur du conducteur externe de la source plasma et la pression ambiante ont une influence significative sur le niveau de performance. Apres optimisation de la geometrie, un rendement total superieur a 12 % a ete obtenu. Des mesures separees de la poussee thermique et magnetique ont permis de montrer que la composante magnetique etait la contribution principale de la poussee dans tous les cas testes. Un code PIC 1D-3V a ete utilise pour simuler le comportement du propulseur, et a permis de reproduire le chauffage des electrons par resonance et l’acceleration des especes chargees dans la tuyere. L’ensemble des travaux ont mis en avant le role des composantes parallele et perpendiculaire de la pression electronique.
Progress on Technology for Detection and Evaluation of Unintended Effects of Genetically Modified Plants

Detection and evaluation of the unintended effects for genetically modified (GM) plants is one of the most important contents of safety assessment of GM plants. The definition, causes and progresses on the technologies for detecting and evaluating the unintended effects of GM plants were introduced. And the technical difficulties and existing problems about detection and evaluation of GM plants unintended effects were also pointed out. The potential application about the DNA microarray analysis technology used in detecting and evaluating the unintended effects of GM plants was specially emphasized. Besides, we had found out a non-uniform distribution pattern for differentially expressed genes of GM plants at different developmental stages and environments. This safety assessment mode may provide an experimental and theoretical basis for establishment of efficient, comprehensive, objective, impartial technologies, which can be applied to detecting and evaluating the unintended effects of GM plants.
Caractérisation moléculaire et cellulaire des précurseurs myogéniques du muscle hyperplasique de la truite

La remarquable capacite de croissance musculaire des poissons est liee notamment a leur capacite a produire durablement de nouvelles fibres (hyperplasie). Nous avons cherche a caracteriser au niveau cellulaire et moleculaire les proprietes intrinseques des precurseurs myogeniques de muscle hyperplasique de la truite. Ainsi, nous avons compare la proliferation in situ, le comportement in vitro, et les transcriptomes (ARN messagers et microARNs) de precurseurs myogeniques de muscle hyperplasique de truites juveniles (JT) et de muscles non-hyperplasiques de truites juveniles soumises a un jeune prolonge (FJT) ou de truites adultes (AT). Nous avons observe un fort taux de proliferation des cellules satellites au sein du muscle hyperplasique compare au muscle non-hyperplasique.L’analyse du transcriptome montre que les genes surexprimes dans les precurseurs du muscle hyperplasique (JT) sont principalement impliques dans l'activite mitochondriale, le cycle cellulaire et la differenciation myogenique. L’analyse du miRnome a mis en evidence des miRNA surexprimes chez les JT dont les cibles potentielles regulent la proliferation ou la differenciation. En accord avec ces resultats, les precurseurs myogeniques JT presentent in vitro des capacites de proliferation et de differenciation plus elevees que les precurseurs myogeniques FJT et AT. L’ensemble de nos resultats montrent que les precurseurs myogeniques extraits de muscle en croissance hyperplasique presentent, de par les expressions geniques dont ils sont le siege et leur comportement in vitro, de plus grandes capacites intrins
Biosynthesis and Function of Membrane Lipids

This chapter focuses on the aspects of lipid metabolism that differ from those of the better-studied gram-negative bacteria. The primary focus is on Bacillus subtilis because of the availability of its genome sequence and its advantages in genetic analysis, but data from related species has been incorporated when appropriate. The chapter describes lipid biosynthetic pathways. Malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) is utilized for fatty acid biosynthesis only after its conversion to malonyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) by malonyl-CoA transacylase, the product of the fabD gene. Two general mechanisms have been described for the biosynthesis of long-chain, monounsaturated fatty acids in living cells. One of them (found only in bacteria) is independent of oxygen and consists of a branch point in the fatty acid synthesis pathway at the level of a C-10 intermediate. In this mechanism, a β-hydroxydecanoyl dehydrase converts (stereospecifically) the C-10 hydroxy intermediate to two isomers, the trans-2,3 and the cis-3,4 unsaturated C-10 intermediates, the first of which gives rise to normal saturated products while the second gives monounsaturated fatty acids. As the growth temperature is lowered, the proportion of low-melting-point fatty acids in the membrane lipids increases. The finding that the substrates for the ∆5-desaturase are membrane lipids provides the cell with a rapid mechanism for decreasing the fluidity of preexisting membranes upon temperature decrease. A focused attack using the information of the B. subtilis genome sequence should yield new clues to understanding membrane biogenesis and membrane differentiation in prokaryotes.
RAT BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ISOLATION, CULTIVATION AND DIFFERENTIATION

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population derived from the non–blood-forming fraction of bone marrow that regulates hematopoietic cell development. In vitro, adult mesenchymal stem cells resident in this bone marrow fraction differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat. Because MSCs can be easily obtained using a simple bone marrow aspiration and show extensive capacity for expansion in vitro, these cells have been considered as candidates for cell therapy. The aim of this study was to purify rat MSCs from adult bone marrow and to functionally characterise their abilities to differentiate along diverse lineages. Our data demonstrate that we successfully isolated, culture-expanded and differentiated a relatively homogeneous population of MPCs from adult rat bone marrow.
Estimación de frecuencias genotípicas del gen PrP en la raza ovina rasa aragonesa. Identificación de animales con alelos sensibles a scrapie

Se han estudiado 62 sementales de la raza ovina Rasa Aragonesa, aplicando la metodologia de PCR-RFLP con el fin de identificar los animales portadores de alelos resistentes y alelos sensibles a la enfermedad prion o encefalopatia espongiforme transmisible (EET). En el presente trabajo se estiman las frecuencias obtenidas para cada uno de los alelos identificados en la poblacion estudiada.
Effects of long double-stranded RNAs on the resistance of rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus fingerling against rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) challenge

To determine whether rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus can be protected from rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) infection by intramuscular injection of long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), we compared protective effect of virus-specific dsRNAs corresponding to major capsid protein (MCP), ORF 084, ORF 086 genes, and virus non-specific green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. Furthermore, to determine whether the non-specific type I interferon (IFN) response was associated with protective effect, we estimated the activation of type I IFN response in fish using expression level of IFN inducible Mx gene as a marker. As a result, mortality of fish injected with dsRNAs and challenged with RBIV was delayed for a few days when comparing with PBS injected control group. However, virus-specific dsRNA injected groups exhibited no significant differences in survival period when compared to the GFP dsRNA injected group. Semi-quantitative analysis indicated that the degree of antiviral response via type I IFN response is supposedly equal among dsRNA injected fish. These results suggest that type I IFN response rather than sequence-specific RNA interference might involve in the lengthened survival period of fish injected with virus-specific dsRNAs.
Aquisição de debêntures por fundos multimercados: um estudo considerando a proteção dos credores

Companies financing through debt securities may lead to conflicts of interest between shareholders and bondholders, so this study aims to investigate the influence of bondholders’ protection index in multimarket funds interest through the acquisition of debentures. This survey comprised 926 series of debentures, which represent 61% of the total volume of issued debentures in Brazil from 2009 to 2017. Regarding multimarket funds, 1753 funds were considered, which cover approximately 21.68% of Brazilian multimarket funds total net assets in the same period. In order to test the proposed relationship, we also have considered variables corresponding to characteristics of debentures, issuing companies and multimarket funds. The main evidence indicates that the most common restrictive clauses refer to companies' negligent performance, liquidation, dissolution, and bankruptcy, as well as restrictions on the structure change. Moreover, the less common clauses comprise policy of indebtedness, issuance of shares and amortization, in addition to a downgrading of rating. Concerning bondholders' protection index, analyzed without the weighting of the "automatic maturity" clause and with the weighting by this clause, we have noticed, respectively, averages of 0.6731 and 0.5254. It seems that after weighting, there was a statistically and significant reduction in these index values, at the level of 1%, in the beforementioned period. Concerning allocations of multimarket funds, it was noticed the small participation of debentures in these funds portfolios, since only about 1.36% is invested in debt securities. Furthermore, for testing this study hypothesis, two linear regression models were measured with pooled estimators, applying the standard error correction by White's robust matrix (1980). We point out that the noticed relationships in econometric models respond to the H1 hypothesis at the 1% significance level, which indicates, therefore, that multimarket funds tend to be influenced by bondholders' protection index in the process of corporate bonds acquisition.