Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Governance and Corporate Social Performance on Lending Judgment and Decision

The objective of the paper is to examine the effect of governance strength on the lenders? overall risk assessment judgment and their lending decision. It also examines whether the Corporate Social Performance (CSP) of a firm can moderate lenders? judgment about the firms? overall risk and decision making. This study adopts a 2x2 full factorial experimental approach to investigate the relationship. As board-related governance reforms are seen to be more frequently considered by regulators as a way to increase confidence about the reliability of the financial statement, this study assumes that it will also be an important factor of consideration for lenders for approving loan assessments. Study results show that board governance strength does not affect the loan assessment significantly, but Corporate Social Performance has a significant effect on loan assessment. So, given the board strength scenario, the subjects? loan assessment is affected by borrowers? CSP information. As a result, the corporate social image has a significant influence on lenders? creditworthiness assessment. It is concluded from the results that corporate social performance information of the borrower has more effect on loan assessment then governance strength.
A novel method to measure hairiness in bees and other insect pollinators

Abstract Hairiness is a salient trait of insect pollinators that has been linked to thermoregulation, pollen uptake and transportation, and pollination success. Despite its potential importance in pollination ecology, hairiness is rarely included in pollinator trait analyses. This is likely due to the lack of standardized and efficient methods to measure hairiness. We describe a novel methodology that uses a stereomicroscope equipped with a live measurement module software to quantitatively measure two components of hairiness: hair density and hair length. We took measures of the two hairiness components in 109 insect pollinator species (including 52 bee species). We analyzed the relationship between hair density and length and between these two components and body size. We combined hair density and length measures to calculate a hairiness index and tested whether hairiness differed between major pollinator groups and bee genera. Body size was strongly and positively correlated to hair length and weakly and negatively correlated to hair density. The correlation between the two hairiness components was weak and negative. According to our hairiness index, butterflies and moths were the hairiest pollinator group, followed by bees, hoverflies, beetles, and other flies. Among bees, bumblebees (Bombus) and mason bees (Osmia) were the hairiest taxa, followed by digger bees (Anthophorinae), sand bees (Andrena), and sweat bees (Halictini). Our methodology provides an effective and standardized measure of the two components of hairiness (hair density and length), thus allowing for a meaningful interpretation of hairiness. We provide a detailed protocol of our methodology, which we hope will contribute to improve our understanding of pollination effectiveness, thermal biology, and responses to climate change in insects.
Investigating Machine-Learning Interaction with Wizard-of-Oz Experiments

Machine-learning research has historically focused on improving learning algorithms but often neglects the context within which a learning technology is situated, and only minimally evaluates how natural and efﬁcient these systems are for users to interact with. To better investigate these aspects of machine-learning, we introduce a novel experimental methodology, which we refer to as dual-sided , restricted-perception Wizard-of-Oz experiments, and describe a web-based framework for executing them. In classic Wizard-of-Oz experiments, a researcher rapidly tests a hypothetical Artiﬁcial Intelligence system with real users by manually simulating its capabilities. We extend this approach to support the prototyping and evaluation of interactive learning systems by instead simulating the learning technology using a naïve experimental participant, who learns the task by receiving the same inputs and outputs as the hypothetical learning system. We present proof-of-concept efforts to use this paradigm to evaluate hypothetical learning systems in the domain of service robotics.
Study of E-Health Security in Cloud Computing

- Cloud movement have driven it to be adjusted in numerous viewpoints and application that serve human requests. One of the ongoing patterns in distributed computing is the e-health administrations, the same number of medicinal services organizations have started to exchange toward the digitized form of health records. E-health give simple sharing of individual social insurance records between numerous associations and offered real time monitoring for the patient's state by means of putting away this information over the cloud servers. Notwithstanding, having the information in such a disseminated setting rises the requirement for having a verified information imparting to fine-grained get to control, as the records are put away in a third party service provider. Additionally, a wide range of parts of security ought to be taken into check with e-health, for example, the information is basic and ought to be just accessible to its proprietors. Various works have been done to secure the medical data in cloud environment. This work centers around the security difficulties and answers for on Cloud-based E-health frameworks. In particular, a best in class is exhibited to safeguard and secure E-health information, which comprises of two levels: cryptographic and non-cryptographic methodology. Likewise, portions of the fundamental issues and open issues that can be utilized in future investigations are called attention to in this work.
Cancer Immunotherapy: Future Prospective with Wide Therapeutic Spectrum

Cancer cells acquired the ability to resist against host immune responses and establish a complex network of tumor microenvironment. Emerging trends to recapitulate host immune system through genetic manipulation has gained wide attention for therapeutic intervention of cancer. The innate and adaptive arm of human immune system plays a key role in the recognition of tumorassociated antigens expressed on cancer cells. Immune cells, such as natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, macrophages of innate immunity and CD4+ Th1, CD8+ T cells of adaptive immunity infiltrate to the site of tumor microenvironment, but failed to induce anti-tumor response due to high levels of pro-tumorigenic factors. Importantly, certain subsets of immune cells, such as regulatory T (Tregs) cells minimizes T-cell mediates immune response by expressing immune suppressive transcription factor FOXP3. Recent advancement of knowledge and identification of immune-modulatory molecules still expanding the therapeutic spectrum of cancer immunotherapy.
Towards the Application of AI Technology to Assess Risk of Aneurysm Rupture Based on Medical Imaging Relations of geometry, size, blood pressure, and wall strength

—The shape and size of aneurysms were quantified using an ellipsoidal equation and a new procedure was proposed to evaluate the mechanical stress associated with changes in the wall thickness due to aneurysm dilation and blood pressure. The aneurysm rupture risk (ARR) can be assessed quantitatively from stiffness and strength of the patient using changes in diameter of the common carotid artery (CCA) with ultrasonic imaging. APR can also be derived from the natural frequency of brachial artery wall oscillations or the external ear canal side of the superficial temporal artery (STA) with the pulsation. By using this method of digitizing the risk of aneurysm rupture and its related information, it is possible to save clinical data around the world as big data and obtain optimal diagnostic solutions by the application of statistics and probability based AI techniques. Therefore, hospitals around the world will always be able to obtain the highest level of objective diagnostic information, regardless of country or region.
A Comprehensive Review of Educational Data Mining

In reviewing nearly 700 self-described studies of educational data mining (EDM) over the past decade, only 13 reviews were attempted that synthesize research literature. Within these 13, several key issues present themselves including non-systematic selection and the confounding of results by including learning analytics research. Here, a comprehensive, systematic review aims to provide information related to EDM’s bibliometrics and research trends. Results show that EDM has gained research efforts from scholars from North America, especially the United States, as part of a rising publication trend. Of 693 articles that met inclusion requirements, 70% were coded as actual data analysis. Statistics, clustering and data visualization were the most popular analytic methods in the descriptive analysis, while regression and
Estimating Determinants of Attrition in Eating Disorder Community on Social Media: An Instrumental Variables Approach

High attrition is a major problem in online health interventions. However, little is known about risk factors of people dropping out online. Challenges exist due to the lack of baseline knowledge on how attrition naturally happens in online communities, and reliable methods that can identify causality between past traits and future dropout. Here, we examine characteristics of naturally occurring attrition in online health communities and use longitudinal statistical models to assess whether emotion and online social networks influence dropout behaviors in the future. From three comparable subpopulations sampled from Twitter, we find that individuals who self-identified as eating disordered have shorter active durations than general populations, with a half of cohort dropping out in 6 months after creating a Twitter profile. Applying instrumental variables estimation and survival analysis to longitudinal data on users’ activities spanning 1.5 year, we identify that negative emotions increase forthcoming dropout in general populations, while positive emotions instead increase dropout in disordered populations. Individuals who are surrounded by many active peers and those who are central in the network tend to stay longer in the future. We interpret our findings with clinical evidence and discuss their implications for designing network interventions that can promote organizational well-being in online communities.
Blooming Collaboratively at the Tabletop

It is important that teachers design learning materials that are at the right level. Bloom’s Taxonomy is widely-used to classify objectives in educational activities, yet there are challenges in making eﬀective use of it. We present the BloomTop system to support teachers in reaching agreement on the quality and level of learning materials. Research indicates discipline specialists may disagree on the Bloom level due to a misunderstanding of the framework or may well have forgotten what a classiﬁcation represents. Our system aims to resolve these issues through scripted collaboration. We illustrate our approach with an introductory computer science case study.
A Review on Brucellosis in Small Ruminants

Brucellamelitensis is the main causative agent of caprine and ovine brucellosis. Sporadic cases caused by B. abortus have been observed, but cases of natural infection are rare in sheep and goats. Brucellosis is an infectious disease of many domestic and wild animals. Brucellosis is a major cause of direct economic losses resulting from clinical disease, abortion, neonatal losses, reduced fertility, decreased milk production, emergency slaughtering of the infected animals and treatment costs. It also plays a significant role as a barrier for international trade of live animals by being used as an impediment to free animal movement and export. Economic losses in small ruminants stem from breeding inefficiency, loss of lambs and kids, reduced wool, meat and milk production. Clinically, the disease is characterized by one or more of the following signs: abortion, retained placenta, orchitis, epididymitis and, rarely, arthritis, with excretion of the organisms in uterine discharges and in milk. Diagnosis depends on the isolation of Brucella from abortion material, udder secretions or from tissues removed at post-mortem. Presumptive diagnosis of Brucella infection can be made by assessing specific cell-mediated or serological responses to Brucella antigens. Brucellamelitensis is highly pathogenic for humans, causing Malta fever, one of the most serious zoonoses in the world. Identification of the agent Presumptive evidence of Brucella is provided by the demonstration, by modified acid-fast staining of organisms typical of Brucella in abortion material or vaginal discharge, especially if supported by serological tests. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods provide additional means of detection.
Innovación tecnológica en comunicaciones móviles desarrollada con Software Libre : Campus Ubicuo

monografía Sortware libre: investigación y desarrollo (En colaboración con UPGRADE) Editores invitados: Manuel Palomo Duarte, José Rafael Rodríguez Galván, Israel Herraiz Tabernero y Andrea Capiluppi Presentación. Sofware libre: investigación y desarrollo > 03 Andrea Capiluppi, José Rafael Rodríguez Galván, Manuel Palomo Duarte, Israel Herraiz Tabernero La necesidad de investigar sobre software libre en Europa > 06 Israel Herraiz Tabernero, Rafael Rodríguez Galván, Manuel Palomo Duarte De la catedral al bazar: un estudio empírico del ciclo de vida de los proyectos basados en comunidades de voluntarios > 09 Andrea Capiluppi, Martin Michlmayr Los bienes comunes como nueva economía y lo que esto significa para la investigación > 17 Richard P. Gabriel Software libre para la gestión de proyectos de investigación > 20 Israel Herraiz Tabernero, Juan José Amor Iglesias, Álvaro del Castillo San Félix Innovación tecnológica en comunicaciones móviles desarrollada con Software Libre: Campus Ubicuo > 25 Javier Carmona Murillo, José Luis González Sánchez, Manuel Castro Ruiz El modelo de la Oficina de Software Libre de la Universidad de Cádiz en la universidad española > 31 José Rafael Rodríguez Galván, Manuel Palomo Duarte, Juan Carlos González Cerezo, Gerardo Aburruzaga García, Antonio García Domínguez, Alejandro Álvarez Ayllón Aprendiendo a introducir una innovación en un proyecto basado en Software Libre > 36 Christopher Oezbek, Lutz Prechelt Optimización del proceso de render 3D distribuido con software libre > 41 Carlos González Morcillo, Gerhard Weiss, David Vallejo Fernández, Luis Jiménez Linares, Javier Albusac Jiménez
The impact of a personalised blood pressure warning on health outcomes and behaviours

In this paper we examine the impact of a tailored health warning on health outcomes. We exploit the design of a household panel survey that provided feedback to participants on their blood-pressure levels as a quasi-experiment. We find that many participants who were told their blood-pressure was high went on to get a formal diagnosis of hypertension from a medical practitioner. The effect of getting a formal hypertension diagnosis was to reduce the incidence of smoking and improve the quality of diets. However, we do not find changes in monthly alcohol spending. The behavioural changes (plus any prescribed medications) were large enough to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
Power, Interest and Insecurity: A Comparative Analysis of Workplace Dualization and Inclusion in Europe

In Europe’s ‘age of dualisation’, interest groups are key to contemporary political economy theory of insider-outsider divides, where only strategic, rational choice might explain a shift to inclusive representation. Yet, a recent and growing body of case studies argues that power dynamics shape preferences, strategies and, ultimately, workplace inequalities. This paper draws on theoretical developments to examine these competing hypotheses. In particular, it seeks to identify the conditions under which workplace-level representation moderates or reinforces subjective insecurity gaps between stable and atypical employment. Through an explanatory sequential mixed methodology, multi-level logistic regression using survey data maps out the set of EU28 political economies while a qualitative section compares two cases in depth. Overall, the findings reveal country clusters that support the power-based thesis, based on institutional and ideational resources, and run counter the rational choice argument. Integrated into the ‘vicious circle’ concept, adverse conditions specify endogenous relationships at a certain threshold, but can be disqualified as sine qua non catalysers. The paper therefore contributes to the ‘varieties of workplace dualisation’ literature, connecting the angle of employment relations with political economy research on inequalities.
Use of pyrophyllite to reduce heavy metals mobility in a soil environment

This study revealed the effects of pyrophyllite ore materials on heavy metals mobility in soil plots located near the steel mill in Zenica (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with four pyrophyllite treatment rates i.e. 0, 200, 400 and 600 kg ha in three replications. Analyses of the heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) in soil and plant samples were performed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Pyrophyllite addition in soil was found to reduce the availability of all tested heavy metals in the studied soil. The pyrophyllite addition at a rate of 200 kg ha reduced Mn, Cu and Zn available forms in soil by 11.1, 20.4 and 11.2%, respectively, compared with control. The pyrophyllite addition at higher rates i.e. 400 and 600 kg ha had an even higher impact on the decrease in Mn and Zn mobility in studied soil in comparison with 200 kg ha. Additionally, these pyrophyllite rates have the ability to reduce Ni mobility in studied soil. The study also found a positive effect of all pyrophyllite treatments to reduce heavy metals accumulation in the leaves of potato grown on the studied soil. In sum, the results of this study indicate that pyrophyllite treatment could be an effective technique for improving the environmental quality of soils and alleviating the hazards of heavy metals to plants. However, further studies are necessary to confirm or denied this
Optimal Cooperative and Non-Cooperative Unconventional Monetary Policy Under Commitment

I study optimal unconventional monetary policy under commitment in a two-country model where domestic policy entails larger spillovers to foreign countries. Equity injections into financial intermediaries turn out to be more efficient than discount window lending and the large-scale asset purchases that has been employed in many countries. Due to precautionary effects of future crises, a central bank should exit from its policy more slowly than the speed of deleveraging in the financial sector. The optimal policy can be changed considerably if cross-country policy cooperation is not imposed. In this case, interventions tend to be too strong in one country but too weak in the other. Gains from cooperation become positive if using unconventional monetary policy is costly enough, then correlates positively with the cost. Finally, I evaluate several simple rules and find that the rule responding to gaps in asset prices mimics the optimal policy. JEL: E59, F41, F42
SimStudent: Improving Tutor Quality and Reducing Authoring Costs

Intelligent Tutoring Systems are eﬀective at improving learning, but are costly to produce. In this paper, we review SimStudent, a system designed to aid authors in improving the quality of their tutors while simultaneously reducing authoring costs. This system works by inducing general production rule models from user demonstrations and feedback. We discuss results demonstrating that SimStudent learned models better ﬁt student data than expert authored models and that it is eﬃcient to use. In addition, we provide an example of how a simple algebra tutor would be constructed using this paradigm. Lastly, we review future directions for this work.
LITTLE BROTHER IS WATCHING – WE KNOW ALL YOUR SECRETS!

Mobile devices come with a variety of different sensors such as GPS, as well as communication facilities such as SMS and Internet access. While such a rich feature set is very handy for the user, it is also open to abuse by attackers for espionage. The various mobile RATs discovered so far provide undeniable evidence of this dual use possibility. However, it is not only outright malicious apps that can pose a severe threat to mobile users’ privacy and security. Benign family-tracking apps allow consenting users to track one another, e.g. to keep an eye on one’s children or one’s partner. In this research, we evaluated the security level of the most popular family-tracking apps on Android . We assessed the security of the respective apps and conducted assessments of the corresponding backend systems that store and process the user data to determine to what extent the conﬁ dentiality of such data is guaranteed. Our evaluation revealed that all of the apps under analysis have grave security issues. Some of these vulnerabilities affect the app implementation, but others allow access to the sensitive tracking data on the backend. These systems either lack authentication mechanisms completely or suffer from common security issues that allow an attacker to easily bypass the safeguards.
Symptomatology and Range of the Blood Disease Bacterium A2 HR MARDI Strain (Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebensis) on Selected Hosts

Bacterial wilt disease is one of the major diseases in banana. In Malaysia, banana blood disease (BBD) is caused by the blood disease bacterium (BDB) A2 HR MARDI (Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebensis). This disease bears similarities in symptomatology with Moko disease which caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and BBD in Indonesia, which caused by BDB R229. To determine the symptoms and host range of BDB, a pathogenicity test and host range study were carried out. In this study, there are four stages of external and internal symptoms which were observed. The pathogenicity of the bacterium cultures was then tested on banana, tomato and heliconia plantlets to determine the host range for BDB. To reconfirm that the banana was infected with BDB, re-isolation of BDB from the infected banana plants and Koch’s postulates test were performed. The results showed that there were symptoms of wilting and yellowing of leaves, which eventually caused plants death in the banana plantlets but no symptoms appeared in tomato and heliconia. The results indicate that BDB A2 HR MARDI is host-specific pathogen, only infecting banana similar to BDB R229 and is not as a broad range pathogen as R. solanacearum.