Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A multi-objective optimization of ballistic and cruise missile fire plans based on damage calculations from missile impacts on an airfield defended by an air defense artillery network

This paper presents a new methodology for optimizing missile fire plan parameters in order to maximize the damage caused to an airfield by the impacts of ballistic and cruise missiles that leak through an air defense artillery network using weaponeering calculations. This new methodology models the damage to the airfield runway, fuel infrastructure, and parked aircraft caused by both unitary and submunition warheads carried by the ballistic and cruise missiles. It then uses the airfield damage models paired with an air defense simulation in a multi-objective optimization to find the non-dominated frontier of missile fire plan parameters that inflict the greatest damage to the different parts of the defended airfield. It demonstrates the methodology for three increasingly sized ballistic and cruise missile fire plans.
PSK Modulated Differential Spatial Modulation for Massive MIMO Uplink System

In this paper, we develop a novel PSK modulated differential spatial modulation (DSM) scheme for massive MIMO uplink systems to avoid the waste of antenna resources, in which the transmitter equips with a few antennas and the receiver equips with a large number of antennas. By taking advantage of the asymptotic property of massive MIMO channels, the transmitted signal can be uniquely decoded without the instantaneous channel state information at the receiver. Compared with typical coherent zero-forcing detector (ZFD), our proposed scheme has a low complexity. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the performance of our proposed scheme is better than ZFD in terms of the bit error performance with the modulation order being greater than 8. When the modulation order is less than 8, the BER performance gap exists between our scheme and ZFD tends to vanish with the increasing of the number of receiver antennas at the receiver.
Diffusion tensor imaging in cases of adrenoleukodystrophy: preliminary experience as a marker for early demyelination?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffusion tensor imaging measures the proton diffusivity and preferential orientation of the diffusion tensor. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a demyelinating disease for which therapy depends on the onset and extension of demyelination. We investigated the ability of diffusion tensor imaging to detect changes in the demyelinated lesions and in the normal appearing white matter. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging of three related boys with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and seven age-matched control participants was performed. Isotropic diffusion (D') and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were determined in 18 regions of interest in the white matter of both hemispheres. RESULTS In all the demyelinated white matter areas, a pattern with increased D' and loss of FA was found. For example, mean D' was 1.772 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in patient 2 with blindness and extensive demyelination of the occipital white matter and was 0.693 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in control participants (P =.01). In the same region, mean FA was 0.103 (0.464 in control participants, P <.0001). Significant alterations of D' and FA were also observed in normal appearing white matter. For example, mean D' was 0.802 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in the parietal white matter of patient 1 with no visible alterations on T2-weighted images (0.715 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s in control patients, P =. 03), whereas mean FA was 0.320 (0.400 in control participants, P =.003). CONCLUSION Elevated D' and loss of FA revealed by diffusion tensor imaging are consistent with severe demyelination in patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Significant alterations of D' and FA in normal appearing white matter may indicate early demyelination in areas that are not yet visibly altered on conventional MR images. Further evaluation in a larger series of patients and long-term study are needed.
The Properties of Gases and Liquids

Completely rewritten and reorganized to reflect the latest developments in estimating the properties of gases and liquids, this new edition of the highly regarded reference presents a comprehensive survey of the most reliable estimation methods in use today. It provides instantly usable information on estimating both physical and thermodynamic properties when experimental data are not available (for example, constants such as critical temperature, critical pressure, acentric factor, and others); thermodynamic properties of gases and liquids, both pure and mixtures, including enthalpies, entropies, fugacity coefficients, heat capacities, and critical points; vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibria as needed in separation operations such as distillation, absorption, and extraction. An invaluable reference that provides property values for more than 600 pure chemicals, this is the only book in its field to include a critical analysis of existing methods as well as practical recommendations.
A Survey on Cloud Computing Parameters

In today's technological world, virtual resources and services are more demanded over the network and internet. Cloud Computing (CC) is an on-demand service over network servers which are hosted on Internet to process, store and organize the data. Cloud computing is the best solution in all terms like scalability, cost, flexibility, and efficiency. Cloud computing have various parameters and different aspects. The different aspect of cloud computing like security, integrity, confidentiality, reliability and availability are explained in this survey. As there are many advantages of cloud, there are also some disadvantages of cloud. In this paper some issues and algorithms related to every parameter are reviewed. For every aspect of cloud computing, after studying many algorithms one of them is chosen as solution and discussed in this paper.
Cu(InGa)Se2 Solar Cells

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells were characterized in cross section using electron beam induced current (EBIC) and synchrotron based x-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements. Samples with varying gallium ratios and growth methods were compared. A correlation was observed between the compositional gallium grading profile from XRF and carrier activity seen in EBIC through the thickness of the CIGS layer. Samples with steep back grading showed carrier activity isolated near the CIGS/CdS interface, whereas a more uniform grading resulted in carrier activity seen throughout the absorber layer. 'Notch' grading showed only slight variation in EBIC profile compared to a back graded sample with similar gallium ratios.
Sentence Similarity Learning Method based on Attention Hybrid Model

Sentence similarity learning is a vital task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) such as document summarization and question answering. In this paper, we propose a method to compute semantic similarity between sentences which is based on the attention hybrid model. Our method utilizes Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks (BLSTM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to extract the semantic features of a sentence. And it learns the representation of each sentence with word-level attention. Then the attentive representations are concatenated and fed into the output layer to compute the score of sentences similarity. Finally, the public datasets of the Quora is used to test the proposed method and experiment results show that our method is effective and outperforms other methods.
Bro in SCADA: dynamic intrusion detection policies based on a system model

We present an online monitoring tool for SCADA systems based on the network monitor Bro, which can be used locally at eld stations. The tool generates alerts when suspicious and erroneous commands and sensor readings are detected. It can hence be seen as a local Intrusion Detection System, as well as a safety enhancement. It maintains a model of the local system, which is updated with incoming packets containing sensor readings and commands. Focusing on the protocol IEC-104, a parser was developed and the packet content was directly fed into the system model. Adaptive policies are implemented in Bro, which formulate physical constraints and safety requirements and allow to check whether SCADA trac complies to these rules in real time. A case study with a real IEC-104 trac trace shows the feasibility of our approach.
Multimodal analysis of structural and functional MRI for schizophrenia diagnosis

Schizophrenia (SZ) is one of the important brain diseases. Multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) images provide the important imaging biomarkers to detect the pathological changes in both brain function and anatomy for SZ diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a multi-modal image classification algorithm based on sparse coding and random forest to combine the structural and functional MR brain image analysis for SZ diagnosis. First, the structural and functional MR images are processed to extract the anatomical features and functional connectivity measures for representation. Second, for each modality, sparse coding is used for initial feature selection and the selected features are used as input for random forest (RF) models to calculate a proximity matrix for each modality. Third, the features from the two modalities are combined by linear combination of two proximity matrices into one matrix and the classical multidimensional scaling (MDS) is applied to the proximity matrix for dimensionality reduction. Finally, the reduced matrices are served as inputs for the RF models for multi-modal classification. Our proposed algorithm is tested on the structural and functional MRIs for classification of SZ and healthy controls. Both sparse coding and RF have capability of estimating the potential relationship among various features to reach an ideal group discriminating performance. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed multimodal classification method for SZ diagnosis.
A REVIEW OF ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION OF ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS

The paper presents current and historical researches on atmospheric corrosion of Al and Al alloys since 1920s,especially of two typical alloys AA2024 and AA7075.Traditonal atmospheric corrosion methods like outdoor exposure tests and indoor accelerated tests like salt fog spray and cyclic wet-dry intermittent immersion test etc.were looked backward.Also a brief description of some popular in-situ corrosion test techniques was given to illustrate their characteristics and application to atmospheric corrosion of Al alloys.And atmospheric corrosion mechanism of Al alloys,in our current knowledge level,should be enhanced to show a more satisfying picture on microscopic aspect.
MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL DURING LASER RAPID FORMING

The solidification behavior and the morphological evolution of 316L stainless steel during laser rapid forming (LRF) were investigated. It was found that, the LRF sample is completely consisted of columnar γ austenitic dendrites which grew epitaxially from the substrate, and have the 100 direction approximately parallel to the deposition direction, but in a thin layer at the top of the LRF sample the dendrites grew along the laser scanning direction. Band-like structures between deposited layers existed in the sample, which don't effect the growth continuity of the columnar dendrites. The solidification pattern and phase selection were predicted by the microstructure selection models based on the maximum interface temperature criterion. The formation of the band-like structure and the epitaxial growth characteristic are also explained by the criteria for planar interface instability and dendritic growth theory and the columnar to equiaxed transition model.
Analysis of influence on Fatigue Characteristics of RAP Mixtures After Second Aging Processes

For research the recycled asphalt mixture after second aging processes based on different RAP blending rate,the laboratory accelerated aging method was used and the direct tensile fatigue test was carried. The results show that,the second aging of asphalt mixture strength increased than that non aging,while fatigue life reduced. The fatigue life of asphalt mixture has good linear relationship with the stress ratio in double logarithmic coordinates.
Calibration of Automotive Aftertreatment Models through Co-Simulation with MATLAB Optimization Routines

ii Acknowledgments.v Vita. vi List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 5 Beginnings of Emission Regulation . 6 Vehicle Emissions and Regulation. 6 Vehicle Emissions Production . 10 Aftertreatment Devices . 12 Catalytic Converters . 13 Catalytic Converter Operation Criteria/ Failure . 14 Substrate Technology . 15 2-Way Catalysts . 16
Investigating Misunderstanding Code Patterns in C Open-Source Software Projects (Replication Package)

Maintenance consumes 40% to 80% of software development costs. So, it is essential to write source code that is easy to understand to reduce the costs with maintenance. Improving code understanding is important because developers often mistake the meaning of code, and misjudge the program behavior, which can lead to errors. There are patterns in source code, such as operator precedence , and comma operator , that have been shown to inﬂuence code understanding negatively. Despite initial results, these patterns have not been evaluated in a real-world setting, though. Thus, it is not clear whether developers agree that the patterns studied by researchers can cause substantial misunderstandings in real-world practice. To better understand the relevance of misunderstanding patterns, we applied a mixed research method approach, by performing repository mining and a survey with developers, to evaluate misunderstanding patterns in 50 C open-source projects, including Apache , OpenSSL , and Python . Overall, we found more than 109K occurrences of the 12 patterns in practice. Our study shows that according to developers only some patterns considered previously by researchers may cause misunderstandings. Our results complement previous studies by taking the perception of developers into account.
Well-defined graft copolymers: from controlled synthesis to multipurpose applications

Graft copolymers with a large number of side chains chemically attached onto a linear backbone are endowed with unusual properties thanks to their confined and compact structures, including wormlike conformation, compact molecular dimensions and notable chain end effects. Growing attention has been paid to these interesting macromolecules due to their importance in understanding the correlation between architectures and properties, as well as their potential applications. To date, the synthesis and properties of graft copolymers in both solution and bulk have been extensively investigated, along with their applications. In this tutorial review, recent advances in synthetic approaches towards the construction of well-defined graft copolymers are discussed in detail and applications of these interesting macromolecules are highlighted by selected examples.
Preparation and Drilling Properties of TiAlN Coated HSS Twist Drill

TiAlN coating has been deposited on HSS twist drill by the Physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology which combined with plasma enhance, multiple arc ion plating and unbalanced magnetron sputtering. Morphology, hardness, elastic modulus and adhesion strengths of the coating has been evaluated, respectively. In addition, dry drilling test has been carried out in 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The investigation showed that TiAlN coating has a good mechanical property, the TiAlN coated HSS twist drill demonstrated over four times improvement in tool life.
Study on man power planning of hospital transportation department by using VRPSTW

There is a recent growing interest in recognition of biological individuals in images: human being detection, face detection, animal body recognition are examples of relatively new research areas with important practical applications. From the Computer Vision pointof view, humans and animals are nonrigid objects, i.e., objects whose shape can undergo nonrigid geometric transformations. Other nonrigid interesting objects are: robots, tools, vehicles, etc. Nonrigid object recognition is a difficult task and an open research problem in which we need to deal with both the common problems of the rigid case and the variability derived from the degrees of freedom of the nonrigid object's shape. In this paper we present a survey on the methodological features of the main existing approaches to nonrigid object recognition showing how systems specialized in different domains often share the same techniques. We will focus our attention on the two most important application domains: human body recognition and face detection, which provide most of the scientific proposals concerning nonrigid object recognition.
Fidelity Metrics for Virtual Environment Simulations based on Human Judgements of Spatial Memory Awareness States

Declaration Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Introduction 13 1.1 Contributions 9 1.2 Thesis Outline 16 Chapter 2: Background 19 2.1 Computer Graphics Rendering 20 2.1.1 The Physical Behaviour of Light 21 2.1.2 Radiometry and Photometry 22 2.1. 3 Computer Graphics Illumination Models 25 2.2 Visual Perception in Realistic Image Synthesis 28 2.2.1 Human Visual Perception 28 2.2.2 Perceptually Driven Rendering 32 2.2.3 Perceptually based Image Quality Metrics 33 2.2. 4 Comparing Real and 2D Computer Graphics Scenes 34 2.3 Interactive Computer Graphics Scenes 37
Analysis of Hydration Heat and Crack-resistance of High Micro-slag in Mass Concrete

This paper study the phenomenon that the temperature of concrete goes up 93.9 ℃ using 300 kg/m 3 and 200 kg/m 3 micro-slag in a furnace foundation. Discovering that temperature-rising of the hydration can lead self-catalyzed hydration of micro-slag being heat-accumulated. At the same time, analyzing the thermal stress by applying the theory of the temperature stress of concrete crack; proving the one of key to guarantee quantity concrete is adopting the reasonable measure of heat preservation and descention.
Advancement in the Recycling Technology of Waste Concrete

Recycling utilization of construction waste concrete is benefit to environmental protection,reducing the waste of resource and energy,carrying out sustainable development,etc.The advancement in the recycling of recycled concrete,such as the effection of the recycled aggregate on the recycled aggregate concrete,the application of recycled aggregate concrete and the method of improving the property of recycled aggregate concrete,etc.is introduced and prospected.The foundational theroy of recycling utilization of construction waste concrete should be further researched.Certain policy and fund should be supported by the government.The standard and criterion of the recycling utilization of construction waste concrete should also be founded.All these ways can lead to the "zero-emission" of the construction waste concrete.
Dominance of perceptual grouping over functional category: an eye tracking study of high-resolution satellite images

The presented study is an attempt to determine the object grouping propensity of human visual system for further human-like analysis of High-Resolution Satellite (HRS) image by using an eye tracker. Perception, which is a basic characteristic of the human visual system, enables to part the visual stimuli into meaningful parts. This parting is either based on perceptual or functional grouping. However, these perceptual groups are often different from functional categories. All objects from one functional category are perceived equivalent, irrespective of their physical appearance variation. The recent advancements in eye tracking technology have provided an excellent modality to articulate the eye movement data with inner psychological factors. In this way, the presented study has exploited the fixation data to understand the perceptual organization for HRS images. The outcomes of this study has provided the analytical solution for grouping tendency of humans along with the heat maps as evidence.
Grating-assisted surface wave sensor

An ordinary prism coupling surface waves (SW) sensor and grating-assisted SW sensors are studied using rigorous coupled-wave-analysis method. The material parameters and structural parameters of the one-dimensional photonic crystal and grating are designed, which works under 1550 nm. The depth of grating is 20 nm, the pitch is 524.6 nm, and the duty cycle is 0.5. Simulation shows that grating leads to the emergence of dual-resonance dip, and the surface mode is splitted. The use of double resonance dip characteristics can improve sensitivity of the perspective of an ordinary prism structure SW sensor more than 3 times.
WEAR RESISTANCE PROPERTY OF Mo_2FeB_2 HARD ALLOY CLADDING MATERIAL

Using Mo powder,Fe-B alloy powder,and Fe powder as raw materials,and adding Cr,Ni and C alloy and agent polyvinyl butyral,Mo_2FeB_2 hard alloy was clad on a Q235 steel substrate to form a new type of cladding material with excellent wear and cor- rosion resistance property by means of vacuum liquid phase sintering technique.The wear resistance property of Mo_2FeB_2 hard alloy cladding materials was studied.The experimental results indicate that the mass loss of Q235 steel is 67.94 rag,while the mass loss of the Mo_2FeB_2 cladding sample for un-addition alloy element is 7.87 mg when the testing load was 140 N.Therefore,the claddings possess better wear resistance than the Q235 steel substrate.The mass loss of cladding sample added with 0.8%(in mass,the same below) C and the cladding samples added with 10% Cr are 6.27 mg and 4.64mg,respectively,both lower than that of cladding sample for un-adding alloy element,so the wear resistance of claddings is improved when Cr,C ingredient was added respectively.The mass loss of Mo_2FeB_2 cladding sample with co-adding of Cr,Ni and C is 3.46 mg,and the sample has the optimal wear resistance.
Decentralized Secure Online Digital Data Registrations

A potential challenge in the present secure transaction lies in illegitimate access to premium digital data available in various formats on various service-sectors for Government and Non-Government process models. This vulnerable scenario leads to identity attacks, man in the middle (MITM) attacks and denial of service (DoS) attacks. Our proposed model uses blockchain technology with machine learning classifiers to identify and detect possible attacks within a peer-to-peer network. Blockchain uses digital signatures, proof-of-work algorithm and consensus algorithms to protect system from possible integrity and denial of service attacks and machine learning classifiers deployed at every node offers confrontation to any intruder’s attack.
What’s wrong with pixels? Some recent developments interfacing remote sensing and GIS

While remote sensing made enormous progress over the last years in terms of improved resolution, data availability and public awareness, a vast majority of applications rely on basic image processing concepts developed in the 70s: per-pixel classification of in a multi-dimensional feature space. It is argued that this methodology does not make use of any spatial concepts. Especially in high-resolution images it is very likely that neighbouring pixels belong to the same land cover class as the pixel under consideration. The auth-ors argue for classification of homogeneous groups of pixels reflecting our objects of interest in reality and use algorithms to delineate objects based on contextual information in an image on the basis of texture or fractal dimension.