Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TIMPANISMO ESPUMOSO EM TERNEIROS NO MUNICÍPIO DE HULHA NEGRA: RELATO DE CASO

Introducao: Timpanismo espumoso e um aumento de volume anormal do rumen sendo ocasionado por gases de fermentacao na forma de espuma, dispersa no conteudo ruminal e que nao sao eliminados por via normal.Esta associado a ingestao de leguminosas como como o trevo branco ( Trifoliumrepens) e trevo vermelho ( Trifoliumpratense ), que provocam fermentacao excessiva e ataca principalmente os bovinos.Se o conteudo ruminal com espuma esta presente, o animal fica incapacitado de eructar e a pressao intrarruminal aumenta alem de dificultar os movimentos respiratorios. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso de timpanismo espumoso ocorrido no municipio de Hulha Negra caso este que pelos sinais observados poderia ser confundido com carbunculo hematico. Metodologia: Em uma propriedade morreram 12 bovinos com mais ou menos dois anos de idade, da raca Hereford que apos ingressarem em uma pastagem muito vicosa super adubada contendo Trifoliumspp, os animais tiveram morte subita e macroscopicamente apresentaram um aumento de volume acentuado no rumen com protusao da lingua indicando insuficiencia respiratoria. Segundo o proprietario nao foram observados sintomas clinicos anterior a morte. O Veterinario foi chamado e ao chegar ao local o mesmo optou por nao necropsiar os animais, pois os sintomas macroscopicos indicavam alem do timpanismo, tambem o carbunculo hematico pelo edema apresentado. Foi retirado entao um osso longo para o envio ao laboratorio para um exame microbiologico no Laboratorio de Microbiologia do curso de Veterinaria da Urcamp - Bage, para a confirmacao de alguma doenca infecto-contagiosa, incluindo o carbunculo. Resultados: No exame microbiologico nao houve crescimento bacterias patogenicas, nao indicando a presenca do Bacillusanthracis que e causadora do carbunculo hematico. Conclusao :Concluimos que animais colocados em pastagens com mais de 50% de leguminosas em especial o Trifoliumspp poderao desenvolver o timpanismo espumoso em virtude das proteinas soluveis presentes nas folhas das leguminosas que sao digeridas muito rapido pela microbiota ruminal com formacao de bolhas de gas que sao resultantes da fermentacao e permanecem presas entre as particulas do conteudo do rumen.
ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN PROTEIN‐CALORIE MALNUTRITION

Undernutrition is widespread. In spite of the research and development being directed towards its prevention and alleviation, the weight of numbers as well as social, cultural, economic and technological considerations make eradication unlikely in the foreseeable future. Ironically, malnutrition is often endemic in areas in which sophisticated medical facilities exist; the problem clearly goes deeper than the mere availability of medical care. But this curious juxtaposition of poverty and medical sophistication has allowed numerous workers to study endocrine function in protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM). As hormones such as glucagon, insulin, growth hormone and cortisol are concerned with the efficient utilization of food, storage and expenditure of energy, and the latter three hormones with synthesis of body protein, it has been suggested that adaptive changes based on alterations in hormone secretion of function might allow for better survival of the threatened individual (Monckeberg, 1968); this conclusion, however, must be regarded as speculative at present; an alternative explanation might be that they are non-specific consequences of severe nutritional deprivation. This review is not primarily concerned with hormonal changes in prolonged fasting, nor will it refer in great depth to animal models of malnutrition which, while they have the advantage of producing more precise quantitation of the deficit, may not always be relevant to the situation in man. For infantile malnutrition is not merely the deprivation of proteins and calories ; it is inevitably associated with variable degrees of vitamin and mineral deficiency, intercurrent infection and electrolyte changes. To what extent hormonal changes are attributable to malnutrition as opposed to associated phenomena is not always apparent, but these might be very relevant in considering the pathogenesis of endocrine dysfunction in the human as opposed to the experimental context.
Peripheral acute pain mechanisms.

Many studies in several species, including humans, have identified a subset of primary afferent nerve fibres that are activated by potential or actual tissue-damaging stimuli. Discharge patterns of these nociceptive afferents faithfully reproduce some aspects of the applied stimuli (e.g. shape of the stimulus-response function) but not others (e.g. time-course of a sustained stimulus). Since primary nociceptive afferents provide the input to the central nervous system, their encoding properties have to be considered when studying central processing. On the other hand, pain perception correlates with some aspects of nociceptor discharges (e.g. fatigue with repetition of brief heat pulses), but not with others (e.g. absolute thresholds). Therefore, the painfulness of a stimulus cannot be deduced from nociceptor discharges alone; central processing needs to be taken into account, particularly central summation. In addition to the immediate responses of nociceptive afferents to external stimulation, acute pain mechanisms also comprise the short-term plasticity of the nociceptive system as a consequence of prolonged noxious stimulation.
Recommendation System for Criminal Behavioral Analysis on Social Network using Genetic Weighted K-Means Clustering

: The accessibility and usage of social networking sites constructs both prospects and menaces for the users. In this research article, we propose a new recommendation system for predicting and recommending the criminal behavioral users on social network based upon the activities of the users. Our recommender system uses the proposed nine factor analysis method, clustering technique called Genetic Weighted K-Means clustering (GWKMC) and the existing classification algorithm namely Negative Selection Algorithm (NSA). The proposed recommendation system is evaluated by conducting various experiments using the Face book dataset (Latest) which is prepared on our own and also the Weblog dataset (Timeworn). The conducted experiments confirmed the efficacy of the proposed Recommender System.
Min/Max-Poly Weighting Schemes and the NL versus UL Problem

For a graph G(V, E) (|V| = n) and a vertex s ∈ V, a weighting scheme (W : E ↦ Z+) is called a min-unique (resp. max-unique) weighting scheme if, for any vertex v of the graph G, there is a unique path of minimum (resp. maximum) weight from s to v, where weight of a path is the sum of the weights assigned to the edges. Instead, if the number of paths of minimum (resp. maximum) weight is bounded by nc for some constant c, then the weighting scheme is called a min-poly (resp. max-poly) weighting scheme. In this article, we propose an unambiguous nondeterministic log-space (UL) algorithm for the problem of testing reachability graphs augmented with a min-poly weighting scheme. This improves the result in Reinhardt and Allender [2000], in which a UL algorithm was given for the case when the weighting scheme is min-unique. Our main technique involves triple inductive counting and generalizes the techniques of Immerman [1988], Szelepcsényi [1988], and Reinhardt and Allender [2000], combined with a hashing technique due to Fredman et al. [1984] (also used in Garvin et al. [2014]). We combine this with a complementary unambiguous verification method to give the desired UL algorithm. At the other end of the spectrum, we propose a UL algorithm for testing reachability in layered DAGs augmented with max-poly weighting schemes. To achieve this, we first reduce reachability in layered DAGs to the longest path problem for DAGs with a unique source, such that the reduction also preserves the max-unique and max-poly properties of the graph. Using our techniques, we generalize the double inductive counting method in Limaye et al. [2009], in which the UL algorithm was given for the longest path problem on DAGs with a unique sink and augmented with a max-unique weighting scheme. An important consequence of our results is that, to show NL = UL, it suffices to design log-space computable min-poly (or max-poly) weighting schemes for layered DAGs.
Previous pulmonary diseases and risk of lung cancer in Gansu Province, China.

BACKGROUND Although active smoking is well established as the main cause of lung cancer, there is accumulating evidence that history of prior lung diseases may be an independent risk factor for lung cancer. METHODS A population-based case-control study in Gansu Province, China identified 886 lung cancer cases (656 male, 230 female) diagnosed between January 1994 and April 1998. A standardized interview collected information on a variety of potential risk factors including a history of physician-diagnosed non-malignant lung diseases (pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis/emphysema, asthma, pneumonia), age and year in which each condition was first diagnosed, and any therapy or hospitalization received. RESULTS Pulmonary tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, 95% CI : 1.4-3.1) and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (OR = 1.4, 95% CI : 1.1-1.8) were associated with increased risk of lung cancer, after adjustment for active smoking and socioeconomic status. The OR for asthma (OR = 1.4, 95% CI : 0.9-2.1) and pneumonia (OR = 1.5, 95% CI : 1.0-2.3) were also elevated. The risk of lung cancer remained significant for pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema when analysis was limited to the pathologically confirmed cases and self-responders. CONCLUSIONS This study provides additional evidence that previous pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema are causally related to lung cancer, although the precise mechanism is still unclear. The results for asthma and pneumonia, while suggestive of a positive association, did not reach the traditional level of statistical significance and should be interpreted with caution.
Characterization of road traffic flow from measured data of speed and time-headway -relationship between density ( k ), flow rate ( q ) and speed (V )-

Basing upon the newly defined parameters of vehicle density on road (k ) and flow rate (q), the traffic flow was analyzed from video images taken at urban, suburban and expressway. The measured data are time-headway (T) and speed (V). Both T and V are measured using the unit of second (s) and meter par second (m/s), respectively. The data were collected manually by using stopwatch. The parameter k was defined from T and V , then it became a non-dimensional parameter as a normalized one that was confined between 0 and 1 (0 < k < 1). The data of about 1000 vehicles were obtained. The relationship between k and V (k -V characteristics) was examined, which obeys the exponential function with good accuracy.
Clinical evaluation of a resin-modified glass-ionomer liner for cervical dentin hypersensitivity treatment.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of two agents for treating cervical dentin sensitivity associated with gingival recession or noncarious cervical lesions. METHODS 44 patients with at least mild sensitivity affecting cervical dentin were enrolled in a longitudinal randomized clinical trial. A resin-based desensitizer or an experimental glass-ionomer was assigned to treat at most two teeth from each side of the mouth. Sensitivity was assessed by tactile and cold tests, measured with a Visual Analogue Scale at baseline, after treatment, and at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Other noteworthy clinical observations were recorded. RESULTS Both treatments effectively reduced dentin sensitivity (mixed linear model analysis). Sensitivity score for the glass-ionomer was significantly lower than for the resin-based desensitizer after treatment and at all follow-up periods (P < 0.0001). Some overhanging margins were observed in the glass-ionomer group, which could accumulate plaque and cause gingivitis. Despite material loss from some teeth treated with the glass-ionomer, the follow-up sensitivity scores were still lower than baseline scores.
Studies of Migration of Styrene Monomer from Polystyrene Packaging into the Food Simulant

Migration of styrene monomer from polystyrene (PS) dishes was conducted during this research at temperatures of 5, 20, and 40°C. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, these experiments were performed in contact with 10%ethanol as a food simulant for the oil in water (o/w) emulsions. The dishes were filled in each of the defined temperatures and stored for 35 days. In relatively close intervals (1, 7, 15, 24, and 35 days) the amount of migration which occurred was determined by means of Head Space Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HSGC-MS). By increasing storage time and temperature, the amount of migration was increased and in all times and temperatures styrene monomer was detected. In addition, a mathematical model based on the Fick’s second law was validated to predict migration from packaging material into the 10% ethanol. The resulted diffusion coefficients were 3.6×10 -18 , 4.9×10 -18 , and 6×10 -18 (m2/s) in 5 ,20 and 40°C respectively.
Education and Entry into Motherhood: Does the Field of Education Matter in Italy?

Differences in the transition to first motherhood have been traditionally explained using women’s educational attainment and employment instability. Rarely has the attention been addressed to the role of a specific field of education. Using data from the ILFI and focusing by means of event history models on the effect of three dimensions of education – educational enrolment, educational level and educational field – on first birth entry, this study aims at filling this gap for the Italian case. The findings do not show a clear-cut effect of education level and field on first births. Upper-secondary educated women with an unspecified field are those with the lowest probability of having the first child. However, although educational field is not a predictor of female reproductive behaviour as strong in Italy as it has been previously reported in other countries, we find evidence for a positive association between the choice of a ‘softer’, more female-dominated (and perhaps familyoriented) educational field such as teaching in tertiary education and first births. The inclusion of this qualitative covariate contributes to capturing variations in women’s already-existing individual aspirations in regard to family and work but also different opportunities/constraints in the labour market.
Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm: Limitations of the single proximal stent technique

Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been performed using both a single proximal stent technique and a double (proximal and distal) stent method to anchor a graft in the aneurysm lumen. This study examined the effect of the single proximal stent technique on femoral artery blood flow, renal function and the occurrence of back‐bleeding into the aneurysm sac in a canine model; eight dogs were used. Femoral artery blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were not affected by graft–stent insertion. Two graft–stent combinations failed to deploy in the correct position and led to graft thrombosis in one case. The six correctly positioned grafts all showed back‐bleeding from around the distal end into the aneurysm sac. The single proximal stent technique for endovascular repair of AAA is inadequate and attention should continue to focus on a double (proximal and distal) stent method or a bifurcated system.
Microvascular hematocrit and permeability-surface area product in contracting canine skeletal muscle in situ.

The dynamics of the microvasculature of the blood-perfused canine gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle in situ at rest and during contraction were determined using multiple-indicator dilution analysis. Permeability-surface area product (PS) was estimated using a bolus indicator dilution of 86Rb, with 125I-albumin serving as the reference tracer, while microvascular hematocrit (Hmv) was estimated using the relationship between plasma (125I-albumin) and erythrocyte (51Cr) tracer washout curves. The muscle was stimulated to contract, under self-perfusion, for 3-min periods with either isometric twitch (1.5, 3, or 5 Hz; 4 ms) or tetanic (20, 40, or 60 trains/min, 200 ms, 100 Hz) contractions, separated by 25 min of rest, randomized to prevent ordering effects. At all stimulation frequencies, Hmv increased significantly from rest value of 36.5 +/- 1.6% to 3 min of either isometric twitch or tetanic contractions. PS rose significantly from 0.08 +/- 0.002 ml/g min at rest to a maximum of 0. 40 +/- 0.01 ml/g min at 60 isometric tetanic contractions per minute and 0.38 +/- 0.01 at 5 Hz. Changes in PS appeared related to stimulation frequency in both twitch and tetanic contractions. The change in Hmv with muscle contraction appeared to depend on contraction frequency during twitch contractions only, but was independent of stimulus frequency during tetanic contractions.
Disparity of potency between stabilized and nonstabilized dilute tuberculin solutions.

During the storage of nonstabilized, dilute solutions of tuberculin (solutions containing no antiadsorption agent) in glass containers and glass or plastic syringes, great losses of tuberculin occur due to the adsorption of tuberculoprotein to the wall of these containers. Using glass vials filled with tuberculin purified protein derivative-14C at the concentration of 5 tuberculin units per dose, the concentration of the nonstabilized tuberculin solution decreased to 60 per cent of its original concentration one day after filling. During withdrawal in disposable syringes with a capacity of adsorption ranging from 0.19 µg to 0.23 µg purified protein derivative per cm2, the concentration of tuberculin decreased further to approximately 50 per cent when it was immediately injected and to approximately 40 per cent, 30 per cent, 20 per cent, and 10 per cent of the original concentration when it was injected after 20 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours, respectively. After 24 hours in the disposable syringe, .
A Wide-VDD Embedded SRAM for Dynamic Voltage Asynchronous Systems

Voltage-dependent timing skews in precharge and sensing activities cause functional failure and reduce the speed of asynchronous SRAM. Data-dependent bitline leakage current further increases the timing skews and reduces the yield of asynchronous SRAM. A dual-mode self-timed (DMST) technique is developed for asynchronous SRAM to eliminate the timing-skew-induced failures and speed overhead across various process, voltage and temperature (PVT) conditions. Measurements demonstrated that the DMST technique can be operated continuously over a wide range of supply voltages, from 39.4% to 151.5% (or 212.1%, given device durability) of the nominal supply voltage (3.3V). The fabricated macros also confirmed that the DMST technique is scalable for various bitline lengths, and offers the same area overhead as conventional sense-tracking-only replica-column schemes.
Caracterización sectorial de la caprinocultura en Costa Rica

Este estudio busco establecer las caracteristicas tecnico-productivas del sector caprinocultor costarricense, abordando 313 productores en todo el pais. Se utilizo una herramienta de diagnostico que considero la sociografia de los productores, las razas existentes, el manejo nutricional, reproductivo, y sanitario, la obtencion y manejo de la leche, su transformacion en productos derivados, su comercializacion y las percepciones de los productores hacia el sector. La actividad caprina reflejo componentes multifactoriales de dificil generalizacion. La mayoria de los hatos se localizan en la provincia de Alajuela, y estan conformados mayoritariamente por animales de la raza Saanen. Los productores son principalmente hombres, de una escolaridad media y que usualmente no estan agremiados. Estos suelen recurrir a practicas zootecnicas muy basicas que emulan sin mayor acierto las de especies mayores. El nivel educativo y la contratacion de mano de obra externa, fueron los aspectos mas relacionados con una mayor cantidad de animales por hato. El semiestabulado, la deteccion empirica del celo, la poca utilizacion de procedimientos reproductivos de planificacion productiva, la atencion del hato por parte de productor, la reconversion empirica de desechos en abono, el limitado uso de registros y el ordeno manual son practicas muy generalizadas. Los principales productos caprinos manufacturados son respectivamente la leche cruda, pasteurizada, el queso fresco y el yogur, lo cuales se expenden a precios muy variables. Para una mayor productividad y crecimiento, el sector requiere de una mejor gestion de la informacion, de programas estructurados de asesoria tecnica, una mayor tecnificacion y una mejora del manejo zootecnico general.
Printed Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century Italy: The Texts, the Books, and the Survival of a Long-Lasting Genre by Cristina Dondi (review)

structured set-up in carrying out larger-than-life work. Togni’s courage and enthusiasm, and her dedication to this topic, which began with her doctoral dissertation on the Atlantic Bibles from Geneva and Sion (2008), is evident throughout. She is herself responsible for six essays among the contribu tions, revealing her commitment to the development of current scholarship around this fascinating subject. Togni’s volume clearly shows that the field is still open to exciting new discoveries: she has successfully combined contributions from the experts in the field with those of a number of younger scholars, together demon strating both the weight and the dynamism of research around this outstanding corpus of medieval Latin manuscripts.
Sonographically guided thrombin injection of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms: further experience of a single institution.

OBJECTIVE In September 1998, we began to treat iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms with direct thrombin injection under sonographic guidance. Our purpose was to determine the success and complication rate of this technique. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We treated 114 consecutive patients who had iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms using direct thrombin injection. A 22-gauge spinal needle was placed into the pseudoaneurysm lumen with sonographic guidance, and bovine or human thrombin (mean dose, 306 U; range, 50--1600 U) was injected under continuous color Doppler sonographic visualization. Distal pulses were monitored. Patient demographics, clinical variables, and pseudoaneurysm characteristics were collected. RESULTS One hundred three (90%) of 114 patients had pseudoaneurysm thrombosis after the first procedure. Of the remaining 11 patients who required a second procedure 1 day later, thrombosis occurred in seven (64%) of 11. Thus, the overall success rate was 96% (110/114). Of the patients who required one injection, the mean thrombosis time was 12 sec (range, 3--90 sec). Three (3%) of 114 patients required conscious sedation. Of the patients with successful thrombosis, 24-hr follow-up sonograms showed no recurrent pseudoaneurysm. Four patients (4%) had potential complications: a "blue toe" 15 hr after the thrombin injection that resolved spontaneously, a groin abscess, leg ischemia that resolved spontaneously after 4 hr, and crampy buttock pain that resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSION For the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms, thrombin injection under sonographic guidance is a quick and effective method of therapy. Failures and complications are infrequent. At our institution, sonographically guided thrombin injection has replaced compression repair.