Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subaru High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Complex Metal Absorption Lines of the Quasar HS 1603+3820

We present a high-resolution spectrum of the quasar HS 1603+3820 (zem = 2.542), observed with the High Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru Telescope. This quasar, first discovered in the Hamburg/CfA Quasar Survey, has 11 C IV lines at 1.96 < zabs < 2.55. Our spectrum covers eight of the 11 C IV lines at zabs > 2.29 and resolves some of them into multiple narrow components with b < 25 km s-1 because of the high spectral resolution R = 45,000, while other lines show broad profiles (b > 65 km s-1). We use three properties of C IV lines, specifically, time variability, covering factor, and absorption-line profile, to classify them into quasar intrinsic absorption lines (QIALs) and spatially intervening absorption lines (SIALs). The C IV lines at 2.42 < zabs < 2.45 are classified as QIALs in spite of their large velocity shifts from the quasar. Perhaps they are produced by gas clouds ejected from the quasar with velocity vej = 8000–10,000 km s-1. On the other hand, three C IV lines at 2.48 < zabs < 2.55 are classified as SIALs, which suggests there exist intervening absorbers near the quasar. We, however, cannot rule out QIALs for the two lines at zabs ∼ 2.54 and 2.55, because their velocity shifts, 430 km s-1 blueward and 950 km s-1 redward of the quasar, are very small. The C IV line at zabs ∼ 2.48 consists of many narrow components and also has corresponding low-ionization metal lines (Al II, Si II, and Fe II). The velocity distribution of these low-ionization ions is concentrated at the center of the system compared with that of the high-ionization C IV ion. Therefore we ascribe this system of absorption lines to an intervening galaxy.
Active wideband antenna for underwater tomography (1 GHz)

A new active antenna has been designed to measure electromagnetic fields in water. It combines a differential wideband amplifier and a dipole, the characteristics of which have been designed to provide a constant gain on the bandwidth of the antenna. The small size of the dipole reduces the mask effect. The designed antenna is a symmetrical reception antenna for the electromagnetic field measurement in water in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz and it introduces few disturbances. A possible application will be the microwave imaging of immersed objects.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Using polarimetry to detect and characterize Jupiter-like extrasolar planets

Using numerical simulations of flux and polarization spectra of visible to near-infrared starlight reflected by Jupiter-like extrasolar planets, we show that polarimetry can be used both for the detection and for the characterization of extrasolar planets. Polarimetry is valuable for detection because direct, unscattered starlight is generally unpolarized, while starlight that has been reflected by a planet will generally be polarized. Polarimetry is valuable for planet characterization because the degree of polarization of starlight that has been reflected by a planet depends strongly on the composition and structure of the planetary atmosphere.
Considerations for the Spread of Odontogenic Infections — Diagnosis and Treatment

The goal of this chapter is to present the basis for correct diagnosis and management of severe odontogenic infections. The knowledge of the anatomy of fascial spaces is essential for the correct diagnosis and treatment of head and neck infections, because both facial and cervical fasciae work as an effective barrier against the spread of infections in this region[1, 2]. Once these infections occur, they are often difficult to assess accurately by clinical examinations and conventional radiographic techniques, and the outcome may be serious and potentially lifethreatening[3]
Intelligent Compression and Secure Auditing in Cloud

As the cloud computing technology develops during the last decade; outsourcing data to cloud service for storage becomes an attractive trend, which benefits in sparing efforts on heavy data maintenance and management. Nevertheless, since the outsourced cloud storage is not fully trustworthy, it raises security concerns on how to realize data deduplication in cloud while achieving integrity auditing. In this work, we study the problem of integrity auditing and secure deduplication on cloud data. Specifically, aiming at achieving both data integrity and deduplication in cloud, we propose two secure systems, namely SecCloud and SecCloud+. SecCloud introduces an auditing entity with a maintenance of a MapReduce cloud, which helps clients generate data, tags before uploading as well as audit the integrity of data having been stored in cloud. Compared with previous work, the computation by user in SecCloud is greatly reduced during the file uploading and auditing phases. SecCloud+ is designed motivated by the fact that customers always want to encrypt their data before uploading, and enables integrity auditing and secure deduplication on encrypted data
Spatial distributions and seasonal cycles of aerosols in India and China seen in global climate-aerosol model

Abstract. A climate-aerosol model is employed to study spatial and temporal variability of aerosol properties over India and China for recent (year 2006) and future conditions (year 2020) under different emission pathways. We present results for aerosol mass concentration in different size classes and optical properties for the five different aerosol species treated by the model. Aerosol mass concentration and optical depth have significant contributions from both anthropogenic and natural aerosols. Different species have maxima in different regions, with the highest anthropogenic aerosol concentrations found in Kolkata and elsewhere in the Ganges basin in India and on the northern part of the east coast and in the Sichuan basin in China. In India, natural aerosols have a maximum in the summer due to higher wind speeds, whereas anthropogenic aerosols have a maximum in the winter due to less efficient wet removal. Surface concentrations also tend to be higher in winter due to the additional reason of lower average boundary layer height. In China, seasonal cycles are weaker with natural aerosols having a maximum in the spring and sulfate contribution to the aerosol optical depth (AOD) being higher in the latter half of the year. MODIS AOD spatial distributions are reproduced well by the model, except for the Ganges valley with high absorption and for the Thar desert with high dust concentrations. Seasonal cycles compare qualitatively well with MODIS measurements.
CROSSTALK BETWEEN p 53 FAMILY MEMBERS AND TGF-β SIGNALING IN DEVELOPMENT AND CANCER

The p53 tumor suppressor is the focus of intense investigation. It is considered a latent transcription factor that must be activated through post-translational modifications induced by extracellular stimuli, such as radiations, or genotoxic stress. Recently, however, the in vivo role of acute DNA damage in p53 activation has been questioned, leaving uncertainty on the identity of the physiological p53 activating inputs. Here we found a direct connection between p53 and Ras signaling in the context of TGF-β responses. This link is evolutionary conserved. Mechanistically, we found that Ras promotes p53 N-terminal phosphorylation that enables in p53 the ability to recognize TGF-β activated Smads. The p53/Smad complex regulates the transcription of mesodermal genes during Xenopus embryonic development and the growth arrest gene expression program in adult mammalian epithelial cells. p53 is frequently mutated in cancer, but, at difference with other tumor suppressors, its expression is not lost in tumors. This unusual behavior suggests that mutant-p53 may have neomorphic, “gain-of-function” oncogenic properties, that are still largely enigmatic. Just like p53, TGF-β is also a double-edged sword, being not only a tumor suppressor but also a potent promoter of malignancy in advanced tumors. This intriguing analogy prompted us to test if mutant-p53 also functionally cooperates with TGF-β in tumor progression. We found that migration and invasion induced by TGF-β in breast cancer cells requires mutant-p53 expression. Biochemically, TGF-β induces the formation of a mutant-p53/Smad complex, whose function is to entrap p63/p73 into transcriptionally inactive mutant-p53/Smad/p63-p73 complexes. Our data indicate that these p53 family members may act as metastasis suppressors. In the absence of active p63/p73, TGF-β is proficient in activating a vast repertoire of genes involved in migration, adhesion and cell-polarity. Finally, our study unveiled a new set of genes that prevents migration and invasion with potential
The Effect of Low- Intensity Resistance Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Serum Cortisol and Testosterone Levels in Young Men

Background: Based on the research evidence, the efficiency of resistance exercises depends on the changes in the hormones level to improve the muscle strength and mass. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a short course blood flow restricted resistance training on serum cortisol and testosterone levels in young men. Patients and Methods: A total of 30 healthy young men (aged 19 - 24 years) were volunteered for this study. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: low-intensity blood flow restricted (LIBFR) (n = 15) resistance exercise group (3 sets of 15 repetitions at 20% of 1RM (one repetition maximum)), traditional high-intensity without blood flow restriction (HIWBFR) (n = 12) resistance exercise group (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 1RM), and a control group (n = 13). Both LIBFR and HIWBFR groups trained for front leg and squat exercises 3 days per week for 3 weeks. Fasting growth hormone cortisol and testosterone levels were measured in the morning before and after exercise sessions. Data were analyzed with paired t-test and One-way ANOVA at the significant level of P < 0.05. Results: Serum cortisol level significantly increased after the exercise for both protocols compared to baseline (P < 0.05). After 3 weeks, serum cortisol level increased significantly in LIBFR and HIWBFR groups compared to control group (P < 0.001). At the end of the exercise protocols, serum testosterone level was higher in LIBFR group compared to HIWBFR group; however, this difference was not significant (P ˃ 0.49). Conclusions: Short term blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise stimulates cortisol hormones production in young men. However, this program seems too short to express any difference in testosterone change. Generally, it can be concluded that low-intensity resistance training can increase short-term BFR catabolic-anabolic hormones in young men.
The relation between eating behaviours and obsession among university students

Aim: To investigate the relation between obsession and eating behaviours among university students including some factors that affected this relation. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1754 university students. The study sample was selected using the stratified sampling method. Basic demographic data were collected. Eating attitudes were determined using the Eating Attitude Test (EAT)-40, and obsessive-compulsive behaviours were determined using the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). Anthropometric measurements were also examined. Results: Females (16.2%) were observed to have higher risks of eating disorder than males (11.4%) (p<0.05). Eating disorder risk was also higher among students in the educational sciences (20.4%), health sciences (14.4%), applied sciences (11.8%) and social sciences (10.4%) (p<0.05). A positive relation was found between eating behaviour and obsession (r=0.337, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study found a relationship between eating behaviour and obsession. It also concluded that gender and education were the factors that affected eating behaviour and obsession.
Design leadership: a conceptual framework of leadership, design and team performance

Success in today’s markets and those of the future depends heavily upon leadership through the use of design (Gloppen, 2009). It is believed that business leaders are required to understand how to effectively use design to create their company’s competitive advantages. In this regard, design leadership, a new concept of leadership, would assist firms to obtain full return on investment in their design. The key purpose of this paper is to introduce a conceptual framework that represents the relationship between design leadership and design process that in turn affect team performance and satisfaction. The conceptual framework would assist researchers in advancing the understanding of design leadership and its influence on R&D team performance.
Determinants of audit fees of listed South African companies

This paper identifies the statistically significant determinants for audit fees in the South African market by regressing audit fees against a selected set of determinant variables. This study is not the first investigating the South African market and so broadens the existing body of research both within the country as well as the global body of research. Determinant variables identified in prior research across the globe were used to establish the existence of a relationship in the local market. This study further extended the local body of research by considering the implication of audit timing and location on the audit fee as well as using more recent data. A positive statistically significant relationship was found between audit fees, asset value, proportion of assets held as inventory and accounts receivables and the number of subsidiaries. In contrast to prior local research, results showed that a large audit firm fee premium did not exist. This was shown to be due to the commoditisation of auditing, cost pressures from companies and increased competition within the audit market. Audits within the Gauteng region were priced at a premium to other provinces whilst the timing of the audit has a statistically significant impact on the audit fee. The validity of the model has improved in comparison to prior South African studies as a result of audit fees being further driven by audit complexity than by size of the auditee. This study is dedicated to Qaasim Isaacs and the millions of others around the world who haven’t received the gift of education.
Classifying Student’s Learning Experience using Improved Apriori and CART

Here in this paper a new of classifying Student’s learning experience on online social networks such as facebook, twitter is proposed which helps to find various issues and problems in their educational experiences. The existing technique implemented for the classification for the Student's learning experience provides multi-label classification to reflect various problems but fails to provide the improvement in accuracy, hence a new multi-label classification using improved Apriori algorithm is proposed which generates a set of candidate rules and finally classify Student's experience using Classification & Regression Tree. The proposed methodology implemented provides better results in comparison with an existing technique. The experimental results are performed and tested on various parameters such as precision and recall and final Score. The various student's learning experience and their classification is done here using Fuzzy-Apriori and CART provide and better way to final and issue problems in various fields.
Design of Low Power Dual Edge Triggered Flip Flop Based On Signal Feed through Scheme

A low power dual edge triggered flip flop based on a signal feed through scheme is presented. The power consumption is the major problem in circuit design. The proposed deign reduces power and delay compared to explicit pulse triggered flip flop. Reducing the number of transistor in the stack and increasing the number of charge path leads to higher operational speed compared to others flip-flops. Double-edge-triggered flip flops (DETFFs) are recognized as power-saving flip flops. The dual edge triggered design operates in a low voltage range and hence it is suited for low voltage application. This flip flop uses weak feedback transistor but without static power consumption. This reduces leakage current and thus saves the power. By using low clock frequency high throughput can be achieved. The simulation is done using Tanner EDA Tool v14 with CMOS 90nm technology.
Document Image Retrieval using Bag of Visual Words Model Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science ( by Research ) in Computer Science Engineering

With the development of computer technology, storage has become more affordable. So, all traditional libraries are making their collections electronically available on internet or digital media. To search in these collections, better indexing structure is needed. It can be done manually or automatically. But manual indexing is time consuming and expensive. So, automation is the only feasible option. First approach in this direction was to convert document images into text by OCR and then perform traditional search. This method works well for European languages whose optical character recognizers (OCRs) are robust but did not work reliably for Indian and non-European languages like Hindi, Telugu and Malayalam etc. Even for European languages, OCRs are not available in the case of highly degraded document images. To overcome limitations of OCR, word spotting was emerged as an alternative. In word spotting, given word image is represented as features and matching is done based on feature distance. Main challenges in word spotting are extraction of proper features and feature comparison mechanism. Profile feature is one of the popular ways to represent word image and Euclidean distance is used for comparison. To overcome word length, all images are scaled to same size, due to which lots of information is lost. Later, DTW based approach was proposed for matching which does not require scaling of images. The problem with DTW based approach is that it is very slow and can not be used for practical and large scale application. In first part of this thesis, we explain a Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) based approach to retrieve similar word images from a large database, efficiently and accurately. We show that a text retrieval system can be adapted to build a word image retrieval solution. This helps in achieving scalability. We demonstrate the method on more than 1 Million word images with a sub-second retrieval time. We validate the method on four Indian languages, and report a mean average precision of more than 0.75. We represent the word image as histogram of visual words present in the image. Visual words are quantized representation of local regions, and for this work, SIFT descriptors at interest points are used as feature vectors. To address the lack of spatial structure in the BoVW representation, we re-rank the retrieved list. This provides significant improvement in the performance. Later, we have also performed enhancements over BoVW approach. Enhancements are in terms of query expansion, text query support and Locality constrained Linear Coding (LLC) based retrieval system. In query expansion, we have used initial results to modify our initial query and obtained better results. In BoVW model, query is given by example but users are generally interested in query as text
In-situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Catalyst−Support Interactions and Growth of Carbon Nanotube Forests

We study catalyst support interactions during chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy over a wide range of pressures. We observe Fe 2+ and 3+ interface states for metallic Fe on Al2O3 in the absence of measurable Al reduction. This support interaction is much stronger than that on SiO2, and it restricts Fe surface mobility. The resulting much narrower Fe catalyst particle size distribution on Al2O3 leads to a higher carbon nanotube nucleation density and a vertical nanotube alignment due to proximity effects. We record the growth kinetics of carbon nanotube forests by optical imaging to understand effects that contribute to growth termination.
Optimal conceptual design and vision-based control of a fruit harvesting robot

The main contribution of this paper is to develop a vision-based control of a robotic arm for the harvesting fruits. The camera fixed in the gripper pad enables to precisely locate the fruit and pluck it from the branch. Rigorous stability analysis is done to ensure the guaranteed performance of the closed loop system. The camera feedback locates the exact position of the fruit; this enables the controller to track a suitable and optimal path to reach the target by performing desirable transformations. The manipulator with five-DOF (RRPRR) is designed and optimised for the formulating simple control strategies. The finger-like built gripper is electrically actuated to provide the necessary force required in harvesting the fruit. Also an additional bellow kind of structure is specially designed and located below the gripper which helps to roll down the harvested fruit on to the storage container without damaging it. Numerical simulation analysis was carried out along with the design realisation to justify the context. The advancement in the field of agrionics has also been a source of inspiration in designing agricultural robots.
Measuring Night‐Sky Brightness with a Wide‐Field CCD Camera

We describe a system for rapidly measuring the brightness of the night sky using a mosaic of CCD images obtained with a low‐cost automated system. The portable system produces millions of independent photometric measurements covering the entire sky, enabling the detailed characterization of natural sky conditions and light domes produced by cities. The measurements are calibrated using images of standard stars contained within the raw data, producing results closely tracking the Johnson V astronomical standard. The National Park Service has collected hundreds of data sets at numerous parks since 2001 and is using these data for the protection and monitoring of the night‐sky visual resource. This system also allows comprehensive characterization of sky conditions at astronomical observatories. We explore photometric issues raised by the broadband measurement of the complex and variable night‐sky spectrum, and potential indices of night‐sky quality.
The theoretical analysis of null projection directions in linear discriminant analysis

In this paper, an important conclusion for linear discriminant analysis is proved: in the case of the small sample size, number-of-classes-1 null projection directions (NPDs) can be calculated. The NPDs have the property: the within-class distance of the projected set of training samples on each NPD equals zero, while the between-class distance of it is positive . Furthermore, an effective /method of calculating the NPDs is proposed. Experiments on face recognition shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.