Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction of fl avokawain B with lysozyme : A photophysical and molecular simulation study

Interaction of flavokawain B (FB), a therapeutic flavonoid with lysozyme (LYZ), was studied using various spectroscopic and molecular simulation techniques. The association constant, Ka of the binding reaction was determined to be 2.7970. 16 10 M 1 at 25 1C based on fluorescence quenching titration results. Thermodynamic analysis of the binding data obtained at different temperatures along with molecular docking results suggested the involvement of hydrophobic and van der Waals forces, as well as hydrogen bonding in FB–LYZ interaction. The binding reaction between FB and LYZ was found to affect the microenvironment around protein fluorophores (Tyr and Trp) as revealed by intrinsic and threedimensional fluorescence results. A comparison of the LYZ thermograms, obtained by far-UV CD spectroscopy in the absence and the presence of FB, suggested improved protein thermal stability upon complexation with FB. Presence of metal ions was found to affect FB–LYZ interaction. Molecular docking predicted the formation of two hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of FB and amino acid residues of LYZ (Asn-59 and Trp-63), located in the vicinity of the active site, in addition to various nonpolar contacts. Molecular dynamics studies showed that the complex reached equilibrium during simulation, indicating the stability of the FB–LYZ complex. & 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Depression Screening in an Academic Family Practice.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Screening for depression in primary care can be effective, but ensuring that appropriate care is available and engaging patients in treatment are major challenges. Even when follow-up care is available, patient engagement often relies on the primary care provider initiating care. In this study we wanted to assess the effectiveness of a depression screening program in an academic family practice. RESULTS Depression screening occurred in 98.4% of all adult encounters (n=3,341). Of these patients, 7.3% screened positive for depression and were not presenting for mood problems. Only 33.7% of patients with positive screens had their results addressed. Patients who had their results addressed were twice as likely to return for follow-up as those who did not (34.1% versus 17.4%). Patients with severe depression were more likely to follow-up than patients with mild depression (53% versus 15%). RESULTS Depression screening occurred in 98.4% of all adult encounters (n=3341). Of these patients 7.3% screened positive for depression and were not presenting for mood problems. Only 33.7% of patients with positive screens had their results addressed. Patients who had their results addressed were twice as likely to return for follow-up as those who did not (34.1% vs. 17.4%, P<.01). Patients with severe depression were more likely to follow-up than patients with mild depression (53% vs. 15%, P<.01). CONCLUSIONS Depression screening can be efficiently incorporated into primary care practice, but engaging providers and patients in diagnosis and treatment is challenging. We recommend a systems-based approach that emphasizes immediate access to treatment when implementing depression screening in a primary care practice.
Transposon Mutagenesis Reveals Fludarabine Resistance Mechanisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Purpose: To identify resistance mechanisms for the chemotherapeutic drug fludarabine in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), as innate and acquired resistance to fludarabine-based chemotherapy represents a major challenge for long-term disease control. Experimental Design: We used piggyBac transposon-mediated mutagenesis, combined with next-generation sequencing, to identify genes that confer resistance to fludarabine in a human CLL cell line. Results: In total, this screen identified 782 genes with transposon integrations in fludarabine-resistant pools of cells. One of the identified genes is a known resistance mediator DCK (deoxycytidine kinase), which encodes an enzyme that is essential for the phosphorylation of the prodrug to the active metabolite. BMP2K, a gene not previously linked to CLL, was also identified as a modulator of response to fludarabine. In addition, 10 of 782 transposon-targeted genes had previously been implicated in treatment resistance based on somatic mutations seen in patients refractory to fludarabine-based therapy. Functional characterization of these genes supported a significant role for ARID5B and BRAF in fludarabine sensitivity. Finally, pathway analysis of transposon-targeted genes and RNA-seq profiling of fludarabine-resistant cells suggested deregulated MAPK signaling as involved in mediating drug resistance in CLL. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first forward genetic screen for chemotherapy resistance in CLL. The screen pinpointed novel genes and pathways involved in fludarabine resistance along with previously known resistance mechanisms. Transposon screens can therefore aid interpretation of cancer genome sequencing data in the identification of genes modifying sensitivity to chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6217–27. ©2016 AACR.
Critical Times for Organizations: What Should Be Done to Curb Workers’ Noncompliance With IS Security Policy Guidelines?

ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the impacts of employees’ cost–benefit analysis, deterrence considerations, and top management support and beliefs on information systems security policy compliance. Surveys of Canadian professionals’ perceptions were carried out. A research model was proposed and tested. The results confirmed that top management support and beliefs, sanction severity, and cost–benefit analysis significantly influenced employees’ information systems security policy compliance. The implications of the study findings are discussed, and conclusions are drawn.
Placental HTR2A methylation is associated with infant neurobehavioral outcomes

The serotonin receptor, HTR2A, exhibits placental expression and function and can be controlled through DNA methylation. The relationship between methylation of HTR2A in the placenta and neurodevelopmental outcomes, evaluated using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS), was assessed in newborn infants (n = 444). HTR2A methylation was significantly higher in males and marginally higher in infants whose mothers reported tobacco use during pregnancy. Controlling for confounding variables, HTR2A methylation was negatively associated with infant quality of movement (p = 0.05) and positively associated with infant attention (p = 0.0001). These results suggest that methylation of the HTR2A gene can be biologically and environmentally modulated and is associated with key measures of neurodevelopment.
Effects of Taping and Orthoses on Foot Biomechanics in Adults with Flat-Arched Feet.

PURPOSE There is a paucity of evidence on the biomechanical effects of foot taping and foot orthoses in realistic conditions. This study aimed to determine the immediate effect and relationships between changes in multisegment foot biomechanics with foot taping and customized foot orthoses in adults with flat-arched feet. METHODS Multisegment foot biomechanics were measured in 18 adults with flat-arched feet (age 25.1 ± 2.8 yr; height 1.73 ± .13 m, body mass 70.3 ± 15.7 kg) during walking in four conditions in random order: neutral athletic shoe, neutral shoe with tape (low-Dye method and modified method) and neutral shoe with customized foot orthoses. In-shoe foot biomechanics were compared between conditions using a purpose developed foot model with three-dimensional kinematic analysis and inverse dynamics. RESULTS Foot orthoses significantly delayed peak eversion compared to the neutral shoe (44% stance vs 39%, P = 0.002). Deformation across the midfoot and medial longitudinal arch was reduced with both the low-Dye taping (2.4°, P < 0.001) and modified taping technique (5.5°, P < 0.001). All interventions increased peak dorsiflexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1.4°-3.2°, P < 0.001-0.023). Biomechanical responses to taping significantly predicted corresponding changes to foot orthoses (R2 = 0.08-0.52, P = 0.006 to <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Foot orthoses more effectively altered timing of hindfoot motion whereas taping was superior in supporting the midfoot and medial longitudinal arch. The biomechanical response to taping was significantly related to the subsequent change observed with the use of foot orthoses.
Adaptive Fuzzy Observer for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems

In this paper, one presents a unified adaptive fuzzy observer design framework for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The corrective term of the proposed observer involves a well-defined design function which is shown to be satisfied by the commonly used high-gain (HG)-based observers, namely the usual HG observers and the sliding mode observers together with their implementable versions. Without resorting to the strictly positive real condition or the filtering of the observation error, a proportional-integral law for updating the fuzzy parameters is proposed. The proportional part is used to deal with the fuzzy approximation errors and the external disturbances. Ultimately boundedness of the error signals in the closed-loop system is shown through Lyapunov's direct method.
Public health and vaccines--immune responses in developed versus poor countries.

Immunologists and parasitologists have detected differences between individuals in developed and so-called developing countries in respect of the manner in which the immune system reacts to antigens. This should be of particular interest to health professionals in Africa, where immunisation has been described as ‘the greatest public health gift we can offer children’. Research-wise, variation in the post-vaccination immune response could well make the results of vaccine trials extremely difficult to interpret correctly. What is important from a practical point of view is that vaccine efficacy in developing countries may frequently be compromised, for reasons given below.
Circularly polarized antenna with folded ground and parasitic branch for 60GHz WLAN

In this paper, a circularly polarized (CP) antenna with a broad axial ratio (AR) bandwidth for 60 GHz communication. The vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave are radiated by using a folded ground structure and a parasitic branch, respectively. The CP wave is completed by merging two orthogonally polarized waves. Conventional printed circuit board lamination is used to create the antenna element topology consisting of a folded ground structure and parasitic branch and then 4 × 1 array is fabricated and measured. In measured results, it is confirmed that the antenna has the AR bandwidth of 8 GHz and the peak gain of 9.5 dBic. Finally, the measured results show the good agreements with the simulated ones.
A Neuronet Algorithm for Recognizing a Large Number of Highly Correlated Patterns

The paper gives a simple algorithm that allows us to eliminate correlation between input binary patterns by changing their dimensionality. A neural network that is a variant of vector associative memory is used to recognize redimensioned patterns. Having capacity much greater than conventional neural networks, the resulting associative memory can recognize highly noisy and correlated input patterns.
Field emission characteristics of graphene oxide coated CuO cathode

Graphene oxide (GO) coated CuO nanoswire arrays have been prepared on Cu substrate as field emission cathodes. CuO were grown on Cu substrates by a low-temperature hydrothermal process and the covering of GO sheets was carried out using an electrostatic self-assembly method. The field emission (FE) investigation of GO/CuO cathode showed a low turn-on field (4.5 V/ μ m) and high enhancement factor (1190) compared to those of pure CuO. The GO/CuO composite nanostructures are promising field emission cathodes in FE application.
Bifurcation analysis of a centrifugal compressor

This paper presents the local bifurcation analysis of the dynamic behavior for a centrifugal compressor. It is known that the surge phenomenon in compressor dynamics might occur at high pressure rise operation. Under such an operation, slight variation of the driving torque and/or the throttle opening might sharply reduce the compressor efficiency and even damage the system. Local bifurcation analysis of the centrifugal compressor system presented in this paper reveals the existence conditions of surge phenomenon. Bifurcation scenarios of compressor dynamics are also obtained with respect to the variation of driving torque and/or throttle opening, which provide a guide to determine the occurrence of nonlinear phenomena and reveal the stability limit for the compressor dynamics in the practical application. Numerical results demonstrate the linkage between nonlinear dynamical behavior and bifurcation phenomena.
Segmental tracheal reconstruction by 3D‐printed scaffold: Pivotal role of asymmetrically porous membrane

Three‐dimensional (3D) printed scaffold for tracheal reconstruction can substitute the conventional treatment of tracheal stenosis. This study investigated the survival outcomes of segmental tracheal reconstruction using 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold with or without asymmetrically porous membrane in rabbit animal model.
Expression and Potential Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 and Its Receptors in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Although the detection of several components of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has been reported, the functionality of that pathway and effects on cell fate decisions are yet to be established. In this study we characterized expression of FGF‐2, the prototypic member of the FGF family, and its receptors (FGFRs) in undifferentiated and differentiating hESCs; subsequently, we analyzed the effects of FGF‐2 on hESCs, acting as both exogenous and endogenous factors. We have determined that undifferentiated hESCs are abundant in several molecular‐mass isoforms of FGF‐2 and that expression pattern of these isoforms remains unchanged under conditions that induce hESC differentiation. Significantly, FGF‐2 is released by hESCs into the medium, suggesting an autocrine activity. Expression of FGFRs in undifferentiated hESCs follows a specific pattern, with FGFR1 being the most abundant species and other receptors showing lower expression in the following order: FGFR1 → FGFR3 → FGFR4 → FGFR2. Initiation of differentiation is accompanied by profound changes in FGFR expression, particularly the upregulation of FGFR1. When hESCs are exposed to exogenous FGF‐2, extracellular signal‐regulated kinases are phosphorylated and thereby activated. However, the presence or absence of exogenous FGF‐2 does not significantly affect the proliferation of hESCs. Instead, increased concentration of exogenous FGF‐2 leads to reduced outgrowth of hESC colonies with time in culture. Finally, the inhibitor of FGFRs, SU5402, was used to ascertain whether FGF‐2 that is released by hESCs exerts its activities via autocrine pathways. Strikingly, the resultant inhibition of FGFR suppresses activation of downstream protein kinases and causes rapid cell differentiation, suggesting an involvement of autocrine FGF signals in the maintenance of proliferating hESCs in the undifferentiated state. In conclusion from our data, we propose that this endogenous FGF signaling pathway can be implicated in self‐renewal or differentiation of hESCs.
Driver electronic device use in 2007.

The percentage of drivers visibly manipulating hand-held devices has reached 1 percent while the hand-held cell phone use by drivers stood at 6 percent in 2008. This result is from the National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS), which provides the only nationwide probability-based observed data on driver electronic device use in the United States. The NOPUS is conducted annually by the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The 2008 hand-held cell phone use rate translates into 812,000 vehicles being driven by someone using a hand-held cell phone at any given daylight moment. It also translates into an estimated 11 percent of the vehicles whose drivers were using some type of phone (hand-held or hands-free) in the typical daylight moment. Additional statistics on hand-held cell phone use are provided in this research note, including use according to age group, gender, type of vehicle driven, etc.
Statistically significant or clinically useful? From population studies to patient care

In the last few years, great attention has been paid to a variety of comorbid conditions that are frequently observed in patients with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although the term comorbidity literally refers to a disease occurring simultaneously with and usually independently of another medical condition 1, it has been used to lend support to the hypothesis that COPD is a component of a chronic systemic inflammatory syndrome involving several organs 2 and to a change in the COPD definition 3. In this scenario, systemic inflammation would be a cause rather than a consequence of COPD and the C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as one of the major culprits 4. However attractive, this hypothesis was only based on cross-sectional population studies, which were designed to show associations but not causality. Among the reported COPD comorbidities are both cachexia and obesity. Whereas the former can be regarded as a consequence of severe COPD, the relationship between obesity and COPD is not clear. In a large population study, Landbo et al. 5 found a monotonically inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in subjects with severe COPD, thus suggesting that optimal BMI in these patients is not between 21 and 25 kg·m−2, as in …
Early embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans: The cytoskeleton and spatial organization of the zygote

Early embryogenesis of Caenorhabditis elegans provides a striking example of the generation of polarity and the partitioning of cytoplasmic factors according to this polarity. Microfilaments (MFs) appear to play a critical role in these processes. By visualizing the distribution of MFs and by studying the consequences of disrupting MFs for short, defined periods during zygote development, we have generated some new ideas about when and how microfilaments function in the zygote.
Efficient and Adaptive Control of Walking Biped by Exploiting a Pulsed-CPG

Recently, it has been widely recognized that control and mechanical systems cannot be designed separately due to their tight interdependency. However, there still leaves much to be understood about 1) how the relationship between control and mechanical systems should be; and 2) what does the well-balanced coupling between these two systems bring to resulting behavior? In light of these facts, as an initial step toward this goal, this paper intensively discusses the coupling from the view point of the temporal contribution of control and mechanical systems to the resulting behavior, employing a simple pseudo-passive dynamic walking biped as a practical example. Preliminary results support that discrete control strategy, which effectively exploits diversity of motion trajectory, enables to enhance the robustness against external perturbation. To the best of our knowledge, this has never been explicitly discussed so far. Based on these results, this study proposes a pulsed-CPG that allows us to achieve the appropriate coupling between control and mechanical systems as well as to change the brain-body interaction adaptively according to the situation encountered.
WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 5 Gene Expression and Interaction of CLE Peptides with Components of the Systemic Control Add Two Pieces to the Puzzle of Autoregulation of Nodulation 1 [ W ]

All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.A.O., K.N.D., V.E.T., I.A.T., E.A.D.); Department of Genetics and Breeding, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.A.O., L.A.L.); Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (V.M., S.G.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (V.M., S.G.); and Laboratory of Plant Anatomy and Morphology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (K.N.D.)
CX3C-Chemokine, Fractalkine-Enhanced Adhesion of THP-1 Cells to Endothelial Cells Through Integrin-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms1

Leukocyte adhesion and trafficking at the endothelium requires both cellular adhesion molecules and chemotactic factors. A newly identified CX3C chemokine, fractalkine, expressed on activated endothelial cells, plays an important role in leukocyte adhesion and migration. We examined the functional effects of fractalkine on β1 and β2 integrin-mediated adhesion using a macrophage-like cell line, THP-1 cells. In this study, we report that THP-1 cells express mRNA encoding a receptor for fractalkine, CX3CR1, determined by Northern blotting. Scatchard analysis using fractalkine-SEAP (secreted form of placental alkaline phosphatase) chimeric proteins revealed that THP-1 cells express a single class of CX3CR1 with a dissociation constant of 30 pM and a mean expression of 440 sites per cell. THP-1 cells efficiently adhered, in a fractalkine-dependent manner, to full-length of fractalkine immobilized onto plastic and to the membrane-bound form of fractalkine expressed on ECV304 cells or TNF-α-activated HUVECs. Moreover, soluble-fractalkine enhanced adhesion of THP-1 cells to fibronectin and ICAM-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of Gi, inhibited the fractalkine-mediated enhancement of THP-1 cell adhesion to fibronectin and ICAM-1. Finally, we found that soluble-fractalkine also enhanced adhesion of freshly separated monocytes to fibronectin and ICAM-1. These results indicate that fractalkine may induce firm adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells not only through an intrinsic adhesion function itself, but also through activation of integrin avidity for their ligands.