Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Postoperative Antihyperalgesic and Analgesic Effects of Intrathecal Clonidine Administered During Elective Cesarean Delivery

BACKGROUND:Intrathecal clonidine improves intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery. Clonidine also possesses antihyperalgesic properties. Hyperalgesia contributes to postoperative pain and may be associated with increased risk of chronic pain after surgery. In this study, we evaluated the postoperative antihyperalgesic effect of intrathecal clonidine after caesarean delivery. METHODS:Ninety-six parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery were randomly assigned to receive intrathecal bupivacaine-sufentanil (BS group), bupivacaine-sufentanil-clonidine 75 &mgr;g (BSC group), or bupivacaine-clonidine 150 &mgr;g (BC group). The primary outcome was the extent and the incidence of periincisional punctate mechanical hyperalgesia as assessed by response to application of a von Frey filament at 24 and 48 h after cesarean delivery. Postoperative morphine requirements and pain scores, as well as residual pain at 1, 3, and 6 mo, were also assessed. RESULTS:The BC group had a significantly reduced area of periincisional hyperalgesia at 48 h (median, 25th–75th percentiles): 1.0 (1.0 – 3.3) cm2 vs 9.5 (5.0–14.0) cm2 in the BS group vs 5.0 (2.5–12.3) cm2 in the BSC group (P = 0.02 with the BS group). The incidence of hyperalgesia at 48 h was also lower in the BC group: 16% vs 41% in the BS group vs 34% in the BSC group (P = 0.03 with BS group). Postoperative morphine consumption, pain scores, and incidence and intensity of residual pain did not differ among groups. CONCLUSIONS:Intrathecal clonidine 150 &mgr;g combined with bupivacaine had a postoperative antihyperalgesic effect expressed as a significant reduction in the extent and incidence of periincisional punctate mechanical hyperalgesia at 48 h after elective cesarean delivery compared with intrathecal bupivacaine-sufentanil and intrathecal clonidine 75 &mgr;g-bupivacaine-sufentanil.
Cytogenetic Studies on Lymphocytes Isolated from Women with a History of Abortion Infected with Toxoplasma gondii

Sixty women who had abortion were selected for this study. ELISA test was used to detect anti-Toxoplasma specific antibodies. Venous heparinized blood and serum was collected from the women. Those women were divided into three groups according to the presence or absence of specific anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. These groups included women with IgG (18), women with IgM (14) and women with both IgG and IgM (12). The other 16 women had no antibodies against Toxoplasma. Twentyfour healthy-looking women had been selected as controls. Venous heparinized blood and serum was collected from those women. Serum was tested for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. Those that revealed any antibody titer against Toxoplasma were excluded from the study. The M.I. and R.I. were found to be significantly lower in the patients when compared to the healthy controls, whereas S.C. E. was found to be significantly higher. This may indicate the effect of the parasite on the immune cells and their genetic material making it possible for the parasite to become established.
Development of a Research-Based Hospital Model in Korea

Noting the increasing public attention on healthcare, Korean society has shown greater attention to the significance of the health technology (HT) development. In order to promote HT competitiveness, the role of research-based hospitals (RBHs), in producing new ideas as well as utilizing final outcomes, has grown increasingly significant. Despite high quality healthcare professionals, state-of-the-art equipment, and well-developed information technology, few hospitals in Korea are successful leaders in HT development. In order to understand HT research and development (R&D) programs in Korea as well as hospital-based R&D investment performance, this paper has analyzed a recent three-year R&D investment of the Korean government. In addition, a survey on how to promote RBHs in Korea has been proceeded through adopting the Delphi method. Several model cases of RBHs abroad have also been studied to understand key success factors in formulating a development model of RBHs in Korea. This paper proposes suggestions for the promotion of RBHs in Korea: systematic reform related to the hospitals, reinforcement of the infrastructure of the hospitals, empowering human resources and policy framework to support the hospitals.
LITERATURE REVIEWS: Narrative Review: Use of Student-Generated Logbooks in Undergraduate Medical Education

Background: Logbooks are used by clinical clerkships in undergraduate medical education as tools for individual student guidance, programmatic evaluation, and Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) accreditation. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the published literature on the form and function of logbooks and to review logbook validity and reliability. We performed a literature search from 1980 through 2004 and reviewed 50 articles on logbook use during clinical clerkships. Summary: Articles were categorized into 5 themes: description and feasibility of logbooks (27 articles), accuracy and completeness of logbook entries (14 articles), utility to student education (11 articles), utility to program evaluation (26 articles), and connecting logbook process measures to clerkship outcomes (2 articles). Conclusions: A feasible and acceptable logbook system is an attainable goal, although students usually did not complete logbooks unless required. The available literature does not establish that logbooks currently in use have sufficient reliability or validity to allow for the routine use of the information for program change or accreditation purposes. The ideal logbook should be inexpensive, feasible, and acceptable to students and should allow rapid collation of accurate, relevant data for timely analysis and feedback to the student and clerkship director.
Predicting exercise behaviour in Iranian college students: Utility of an integrated model of health behaviour based on the transtheoretical model and self-determination theory

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an integrated theoretical model of health behaviour based on constructs from the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and Self-determination Theory (SDT). Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Participants (N = 418) were students from five medical sciences universities located in northern Iran. Participants completed translated versions of Godin and Shephard’s Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ) and another questionnaire which included a range of constructs from the TTM and SDT. Data were analyzed using bivariate correlation and structural equation modeling. Results: The relationships between exercise behaviour and all of the constructs from the TTM and SDT (except external regulation) were statistically significant. The modified model provided a good fit to the data and explained 82% of the variance in current exercise behaviour. All of the structural pathways, with the exception of pros and cons, were significant and positive. Conclusions: Study findings support the application of an integrated model of health behaviour combining constructs from the TTM and SDT to explain the exercise behaviour of Iranian college students.
Design Trajectory Tracking of Quadrotor using PID controller

Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAVs) have been increasingly employed by researchers, commercial organizations and the military to perform a variety of missions. Drones, also called unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), have no human pilot onboard, and instead are either controlled by a person on the ground. With six degrees of freedom (three translational and three rotational) and only four independent inputs (rotor speeds), quadrotors are severely under actuated in order to achieve six degrees of freedom, rotational and translational motion are coupled. This paper examines a conventional PID controller that utilizes a combination of accelerometer and gyro sensors to regulate the orientation of quadrotor UAV and keep the quadrotor auto leveling while flying.
Real-Time Global Illumination Rendering for Mesostructure Surface Based on Gradient Map

Rendering global illumination for objects with mesostructure surfaces is a time-consuming task and cannot presently be applied to interactive graphics. This paper presents a real-time rendering method,based on a mesostructure height gradient map(MHGM) ,to exhibit lighting effects on meso-scale detail level in dynamic environments. This paper approximates global illumination by using a lighting model that includes specific characteristics:Incident ambient light,direct light,and a single bounce indirect light. In order to compute these three components in real time,this paper introduces the MHGM to create local apex sets,with which an adaptive method for calculating ambient occlusion is proposed. In direct lighting,the nearest local apex profile of the incident rays is to be found and presented as a mesostructure shadow algorithm,which can generate the shadow of meso-scale details. The color of the points enclosed by the local apexes is also sampled to estimate a single bounce indirect light. This approach runs entirely on the graphics hardware and uses deferred shading and the graphics pipeline to accelerate computation. High quality results,which can render meso-scale details with global illumination even for low-resolution geometric models,are achieved. Moreover,this approach fully supports dynamic scenes and deformable objects.
Using traditional relaxation techniques in healthcare.

Objectives: To asses the feasibility of using of traditional relaxation techniques for somatization and other minor mental health disorders in healthcare. Design: Descriptive study of the use of traditional relaxation techniques Materials and Methods: In Northern Sri Lanka, out of a total of 174 first visits and 4783 follow-up visits from May to August, 1998 at the University Mental Health Clinic at General Hospital, Jaffna; 127 were taught relaxation exercises. In Cambodia, out of a total of 839 patients treated in the TPO Mental Health clinics during 1996-97, 287 (34%) were taught Buddhist relaxation exercises. Results: Relaxation exercises were prescribed mainly for persons diagnosed as having Somatization (25% in Jaffna, 7% in Cambodia), Anxiety (15% in Jaffna, 51% in Cambodia), and mild Depression (44% in Jaffna, 36% in Cambodia). Relaxation exercises were often used in combination with other forms of treatment. In Cambodia, 70% of the patients improved while there was a 18% drop out rate. In Jaffna, 35% of the patients improved, while 50% dropped out. There were no adverse effects. On follow-up, many of the drop outs had improved and some were continuing to practice the relaxation techniques. Conclusions: Therapy with traditional relaxation methods is useful in somatization and other minor mental health disorders. They are cheap, non-pharmacological, safe, non-toxic with minimal adverse effects and more culturally acceptable. The holistic approach of these methods allows them to work at the physical, psychological, social and spiritual levels at the same time. They can be used individually and in the community, to promote and maintain well being as well as prevent and cure a variety of physical and psychosocial disorders. Author keywords Minor mental health disorders; Relaxation techniques; Somatization; Stress; Traditional methods Indexed keywords EMTREE medical terms: anxiety neurosis; article; Cambodia; depression; health care; human; mental disease; mental stress; outcomes research; philosophy; psychosocial disorder; relaxation training; somatization; Sri Lanka; wellbeing
Adaline with adaptive recursive memory

The authors present a generalization of Widrow's adaptive linear combiner with an adaptive recursive memory. Expressions for memory depth and resolution are derived. The LMS procedure is extended to adapt the memory depth and resolution so as to match the signal characteristics. The particular memory structure, gamma memory, was originally developed as part of a neural net model for temporal processing. <<ETX>>
Prominent expression of lysyl oxidase during mouse embryonic cardiovascular development.

By mRNA differential display in mouse hearts, lysyl oxidase (Lox), a key enzyme catalyzing cross-links in elastin and collagens, was found to be up-regulated between embryonic days 11 (E11) and 13 (E13). This was confirmed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. We analyzed its spatio-temporal expression pattern by in situ hybridization in regard to the development of myocardial cells, endocardial cushion tissue, aortic arch vessels, and epicardium.
Tuberculosis en la población indígena del Perú 2008

Objective. To identify the indigenous inhabitants affected by tuberculosis (TB) in Peru during the year 2008. Material and methods. Descriptive observational study, performed from August to December 2009, including all indigenous patients affected by tuberculosis that were including in the Control Program during the year 2008 in the 25 regions of Peru. Results. We identified 702 indigenous patients with tuberculosis. The ethnical groups that have most patients were the Quechua group (417/702; 59.4%) and the Amazonic indigenous (201/702, 28.6%). Out of the Amazonic, more than 60% belonged to the Ashaninka (Campas), Shipibo and Matsiguenga groups. In third place, we found the Aymara natives, who had 84/702 (11.97%) of cases of tuberculosis. It is important to mention that the distribution of the cases of multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) involves five departments (nine cases of MDR TB), being the greater number of cases of MDR TB in patients previously treated (6/9), and only 3 cases were primary MDR TB, belonging to the quechua group. Conclusions. High incidence rates of tuberculosis in indigenous population have been found, which raises the need of further research in order to guarantee the correct gathering of information in ethnic groups in order to have more and better evidence about the situation of tuberculosis in the indigenous population of Peru.
The Grid Roofnet: a Rooftop Ad Hoc Wireless Network

This thesis describes the Grid Roofnet, a rooftop wireless Ad Hoc network built using off the shelf computers and 802.11 hardware along with special software. The Roofnet is a real-world testbed for wireless Ad Hoc networking research, and as a side effect also provides network access to a small number of apartments in Cambridge, MA. We describe the construction and performance of the network, and draw some conclusions about the viability of such networks and directions for future research. Thesis Supervisor: Robert T. Morris Title: Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
A rare form of the lung cancer: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: A case report

Akcigerin mukoepidermoid karsinomu (MEC), histolojik ozelliklerine gore dusuk ve yuksek gradeli olarak siniflandirilan nadir bir akciger kanseri turudur. Akcigerdeki Mukoepidermoid Karsinom icin cerrahi en sik kullanilan ve en etkili tedavi seklidir. Cerrahi rezeksiyon, mukemmel sonuclara sahip dusuk dereceli MEC icin birincil tedavidir, ancak yuksek gradeli MEC bu malignitenin daha agresif bir seklidir
How Does Sentiment Content of Product Reviews Make Diffusion Different?

ABSTRACT The current study is focusing on diffusion and adoption of new digital artifacts. The goal is to explore the social role of user-generated content (UGC) during the diffusion process of digital products in the context of online social networks. Data collection is conducted on 154 new digital products during a two-year timeframe. Results of the study provide a deeper insight into the influence of sentiment content on new product diffusion and how such a web system (i.e., online social networks) can help to enable a process of value co-creation. The overall finding shows that sentiment content has a positive, but dynamic relationship with diffusion of digital products. The study sheds light on the crowding power and the long-tail effect in online social networks. Findings also offer valuable implications for organizations to set up their strategic vision in terms of information dissemination, digital marketing, and customer relationship management.
A new multi-unit acquisition system for free-moving animal using field programmable analog array and on chip MCU-Neuroscope1

We designed a new multi-unit acquisition system for free-moving animals which breaks through the constraint of conventional multi-unit recording systems. To release those animals from thick electronic wires during experimentation, the IrDA infrared data communication, field programmable analog array (MPAA020) and 16 bit micro processor (H8), were used for the design. We summarize the related works for multi-unit recording techniques and point out the defects of those old techniques. Then the design of the system are introduced. As the results of the research, we checked the fidelity of recorded neural activity and the reliability of the data transmission.
Link establishment criterion and topology optimization for hybrid GPS satellite communications with laser crosslinks

In the current global positioning system (GPS), the reliability of information transmissions can be enhanced with the aid of inter-satellite links (ISLs) or crosslinks between satellites. Instead of only using conventional radio frequency (RF) crosslinks, the laser crosslinks provide an option to significantly increase the data throughput. The connectivity and robustness of ISL are needed for analysis, especially for GPS constellations with laser crosslinks. In this paper, we first propose a hybrid GPS communication architecture in which uplinks and downlinks are established via RF signals and crosslinks are established via laser links. Then, we design an optical crosslink assignment criteria considering the practical optical communication factors such as optical line- of-sight (LOS) range, link distance, and angular velocity, etc. After that, to further improve the rationality of establishing crosslinks, a topology control algorithm is formulated to optimize GPS crosslink networks at both physical and network layers. The RF transmission features for uplink and downlink and optical transmission features for crosslinks are taken into account as constraints for the optimization problem. Finally, the proposed link establishment criteria are implemented for GPS communication with optical crosslinks. The designs of this paper provide a potential crosslink establishment and topology control algorithm for the next generation GPS.
Transients in multiple power filter circuits

Use of multiple single tuned filters in power supply systems has increased rapidly over the past decade. This trend is associated with increasing use of power electronic and electric arcing devices in industrial power supply systems. The book presents concern of transients in filter circuits under typical switching events in power system supplying industrial loads. The manuscript analyzes methods of selecting filter circuits involving multiple single tuned filters on the example of an arc furnace power supply system. The methods is based on existing IEEE Standards and simulation data of transients within the power supply system.
Social Factors in the Personality Disorders: A Biopsychosocial Approach to Etiology and Treatment

Joel Paris Cambridge University Press, £35, pp 232. ISBN 0 521 47224 5 Personality disorders have been accepted by psychiatrists as a category of mental illness for only a few decades, and several problems remain. No universally accepted way exists for defining different types; relatively little research has been done on outcome and treatment; and many doctors do not understand them, do not see them as mental disorders, and think they are untreatable. The better understanding of their aetiology which Professor Paris hopes to foster would go a long way to producing agreed classifications and debunking the myths that surround the subject. Society is important in the promotion of personality disorders, and what constitutes a disorder is different in different cultures. For instance, in some …
Semánticas formales para un lenguaje funcional paralelo

El objetivo del trabajo es definir semanticas formales para un lenguaje que contiene las principales caracteristicas del lenguaje funcional paralelo Eden, extension del lenguaje funcional perezoso por excelencia, Haskell, pues Eden permite definir esquemas genericos de proceso y crear dinamicamente ejemplares a partir de los mismos. Asi como Eden presenta paralelismo explicito, la comunicacion es, en cambio, implicita. En cuanto a la introduccion del no-determinismo, es explicita y se limita a la invocacion de un proceso predefinido. Estas caracteristicas las hemos incluido en un lenguaje mas simple, Jauja, y hemos precedido a definir semanticas formales para este ultimo. La primera semantica tratada es la operacional, con un nivel de abstraccion separado de las particularidades de cualquier maquina virtual. Nos dirigimos hacia enfoques basados en la semantica natural de Launchbury, como la semantica operacional que Baker-Finch y otros defnieron para el lenguaje funcional paralelo GpH (Glasgow Parallel Haskell), tambien definido sobre Haskell pero empleando paralelismo semi-explicito. Para Jauja extendemos este modelo operacional para poder representar proceso. A partir de la semantica operacional construida, se definen medidas para estudiar la eficiencia de los programas, sobre si la introduccion del paralelismo ha sido fructifera o no. Pensando en un usuario del lenguaje, hemos definido una semantica denotacional que refleja los resultados de la evaluacion sin bajar tanto el nivel de abstraccion. No obstante, el modelo denotacional elegido no es una semantica denotacional directa, sino un modelo denotacional de continuaciones para poder expresar la pereza de Jauja y los posibles efectos laterales producidos como resultado de la evaluacion de una expresion: creacion de procesos y comunicaciones subyacentes. La consideracion de estos efectos laterales estara implicita en una continuacion. El trab
Feature extraction and classification for image analysis

Pattern recognition techniques have been widely used in a variety of scientific disciplines including computer vision, image understanding, biology and so on. Although many methods present satisfactory performances for image analysis, they still have several weak points and thus leave a lot of room for further improvements. For example, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm is able to extract discriminative features, but the small sample size (SSS) problem limits its application scope. In this thesis, several feature extraction and learning algorithms are proposed to improve the classification performance in image analysis. In the first proposal, the multiple Trace feature (MTF) is constructed as a novel pattern representation by integrating several Trace transforms where genetic algorithms (GAs) serve as the information fusion tool. Moreover, a novel fitness function is proposed for GAs by combining the bootstrap aggregating algorithm and the cross-validation scheme. As a result, the GAs-based iterative learning process is able to deal with the overfitting problem by using the new fitness. Since conventional feature extraction algorithms are independent of classification performance, we proposed two performance-driven subspace learning methods as the extensions of the principal component analysis (PCA) and the ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library