Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CORONARY VASOCONSTRICTOR AND VASODILATOR ACTIONS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID IN THE ISOLATED PERFUSED HEART OF THE RAT

1 The administration of arachidonic acid (AA) to the isolated perfused heart of the rat usually produced biphasic coronary responses characterized by initial vasoconstriction followed by prolonged vasodilatation. However, some responses were predominantly vasoconstrictor or vasodilator. 2 The non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents (NSAA) indomethacin (1–5 mg/l) and naproxen (12.5–25 mg/l) reversibly inhibited both phases of the response induced by AA. 3 Pretreatment of animals with indomethacin (5 mg/kg) or naproxen (25 mg/kg) daily, resulted in unaltered coronary response to AA. Subsequent addition of NSAA to the perfusate produced inhibition of the AA effect. 4 Short infusions of acetylsalicylic acid at low concentrations (2.9 μg/ml), dipyridamole (0.6 μg/ml) and sulphinpyrazone (28.7 μg/ml) selectively inhibited the vasoconstrictor phase of the response to AA. 5 It was confirmed that metabolic coronary dilatation induced by cardiostimulation was inhibited by prolonged A A administration; this effect was prevented by NSAA pretreatment. Reactive hyperaemic responses to short lasting occlusions of coronary inflow were unaffected by NSAA. 6 Linolenic, linoleic, dihomo‐γ‐linolenic and oleic acid usually produced decreases in coronary flow which were unaffected by NSAA, dipyridamole or sulphinpyrazone. 7 Intra‐aortic injections of AA, prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the intact rat produced a dose‐dependent decrease in blood pressure with the AA response inhibited by indomethacin. PGI2 and PGE2 produced long lasting coronary vasodilatation in the isolated heart. 8 The coronary actions of AA appear to be due to its transformation, within the easily accessible vascular wall, into prostaglandin and thromboxane‐like substances. We suggest that a vasoconstrictor thromboxane A2‐like substance may be responsible for coronary vasospasm. 9 Coronary insufficiency may also result from an inhibition of compensatory metabolic coronary dilatation by increased synthesis of PGE2 within the myocardial cell.
Neuropathological study on a newly developed epileptic rat mutant with limbic‐like seizures

6. Mui K, Kuroda Y, Nakanishi A, Onishi H, Yamagami S. The effect of seizures on protein synthesis in EL mouse brain.Jpn. 1. Psychiatry Neurol. 1993; 47: 380-381. King JT Jr, Lahtotte CC. EL mouse as a model of focd epilepsy: A review. Epilepsia 1989; 30: 257-265. Cosgrove JW, Brown IR. Characterization of an initiating cell-free protein system derived from rabbit brain. ]. Neuronchem. 1981; 36: 1026-1036. Pelham HRB, Jackson RJ. An efficient mRNA-dependent translation from reticulocyte iysate. Eur. ]. Biochem. 1976; 67: 247-256. Mui K, Yamagami S, Kioka T, Onishi H, Kawakita Y. sequence complexity of polyadenylated RNA from seizure-susceptible EL mouse brain polysomes. Epilepsy Res. 1991; 10: 134-141.
Pathological Determinants of the Transition to Clinical Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease

The authors developed multivariate models to examine the association between Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale scores and the spatial distribution of paired helical filament tau (PHF-tau) pathology. Severity of tauopathy was examined in 14 cortical regions of interest (ROIs). Classification trees were used to test the independent hierarchical contributions of each ROI to dementia. Multiple-regression and cluster analyses were performed to determine the relative contributions of select ROIs to dementia. Dementia (CDR S 1) was modeled as a dichotomous variable. Autopsy material was obtained from 124 demented and nondemented elderly patients. All ROIs except the hippocampus made significant contributions to dementia. However, they were not independent. In multivariate models, only a single step (Step 7 in a hierarchical progression), which contained four ROIs, contributed significantly to dementia. A classification tree resulted in a single decision split, suggesting that only Step 7 ROIs need be considered. A total of 89.4% of the cases were correctly classified (p < .0001). Twelve discrepant cases all had superimposed vasculopathy that might also have affected the function of Step 7 ROIs. The transition to clinical dementia was associated with the presence of tauopathy in A9/10, A22, A23, and A39. Animal studies suggest that these represent a single distributed cortical network focusing on prefrontal regions that provide "executive control" over complex goal-directed behaviors. A22, A23, and A39 provide major afferents to other frontal systems and have previously been implicated in very early clinical Alzheimer's disease.
An interoperable approach for Sensor Web provenance

The Sensor Web is evolving into a complex information space, where large volumes of sensor observation data are often consumed by complex applications. Provenance has become an important issue in the Sensor Web, since it allows applications to answer “what”, “when”, “where”, “who”, “why”, and “how” queries related to observations and consumption processes, which helps determine the usability and reliability of data products. This paper investigates characteristics and requirements of provenance in the Sensor Web and proposes an interoperable approach to building a provenance model for the Sensor Web. Our provenance model extends the W3C PROV Data Model with Sensor Web domain vocabularies. It is developed using Semantic Web technologies and thus allows provenance information of sensor observations to be exposed in the Web of Data using the Linked Data approach. A use case illustrates the applicability of the approach.
Antenna-enhanced and polarization sensitive photoresponse in arrays of silicon P–i–N nanowires

We analyze a novel antenna effect that resonantly enhances the photocurrent response of end-contacted P–i–N junction nanowire gratings, due to coupling of incident radiation into the grating's multiple-scattering electromagnetic modes. Quantitative characterization of these resonances was performed by spectral and polarization-resolved photocurrent measurements on gratings with N = 500, 200 and 100 nanowires, aided by electron beam-induced current measurements, and in excellent agreement with electromagnetic scattering theory. Despite the small scattering cross-section of each nanowire, with triangular cross-section (height 8 nm, width 6 nm), the measured quality factor of the resonances Q ≈ 10 exceeds that of the empty SiO2 cavity without degradation for gratings of as few as 100 nanowires. Photoresponse retains sinusoidal polarization anisotropy characteristic of single nanowires. We discuss strategies for improving Q and present a grating design tailoring resonant field enhancement at red, green or blue wavelengths, for three different grating periods of ℓ = 460, 400 and 320 nm.
The effect of the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis upon the respiration of its intermediate host, Gammarus pulex

The respiration rates of individual Gammarus pulex infected by larval Pomphorhynchus laevis were investigated with particular reference to the stage of development of the host and parasite and to the water temperature. At 20°C the oxygen consumption of Gammarus of all sizes was reduced by an average of 19·3 % by the presence of cystacanths of the parasite, but was unaffected by the presence of acanthellae. It is considered that the small size of this larval stage, in relation to that of its host, is responsible for the failure to detect an effect. Multiple infections did not exert any greater effect upon host respiration than single cystacanths, nor did it appear that the parasite had different effects upon hosts of different sexes. At 10°C no significant differences were observed between the respiration rates of infected and uninfected gammarids. The parasite was probably still depressing the host respiration rate at this temperature, but the oxygen uptake of G. pulex is so low that the differences between infected and uninfected individuals were too small to be detected. The parasite has a direct effect upon the physiological processes of the host, but neither the mechanism of this nor the reasons for the different effects found in different host-parasite systems are yet understood. Despite the pronounced effect of P. laevis on respiration of individual hosts, its effect upon the oxygen consumption of a natural host population is small since only a small proportion of the population carries infections and water temperatures remain below 10°C for over half the year.
How Reliable Is a Negative Blood Culture Result? Volume of Blood Submitted for Culture in Routine Practice in a Children's Hospital

OBJECTIVES. The primary aims of this study were to determine the volume of blood submitted for culture in routine clinical practice and to establish the proportion of blood cultures with a blood volume inadequate for reliable detection of bacteremia. METHODS. The volumes of blood samples submitted for culture from infants and children up to 18 years of age were measured over a 6-month period. Blood cultures were deemed adequate submissions if they contained an appropriate (age-related) volume of blood and were submitted in the correct blood culture bottle type. During the study, an educational intervention designed to increase the proportion of adequate blood culture submissions was undertaken. RESULTS. The volume of blood submitted in 1358 blood culture bottles from 783 patients was analyzed. Of the 1067 preintervention blood cultures, 491 (46.0%) contained an adequate blood volume and only 378 (35.4%) were adequate submissions on the basis of collection into the correct blood culture bottle type. After the intervention, there were significant increases in both the proportion of blood cultures containing an adequate blood volume (186 [63.9%] of 291 cultures) and the proportion of adequate submissions (149 [51.2%] of 291 cultures). Overall, blood cultures with an adequate blood volume were more likely than those with an inadequate blood volume to yield positive blood culture results (34 [5.2%] of 655 cultures vs 14 [2.1%] of 648 cultures). Similarly, adequate blood culture submissions were more likely than inadequate submissions to yield positive blood culture results (26 [5.1%] of 506 cultures vs 22 [2.8%] of 797 cultures). CONCLUSIONS. In routine clinical practice, a negative blood culture result is almost inevitable for a large proportion of blood cultures because of the submission of an inadequate volume of blood. Even after an educational intervention, nearly one half of blood cultures were inadequate submissions.
Molecular view on PRR cross‐talk in antifungal immunity

The identification of a major class of innate immune receptors, termed pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), has boosted research on innate pathogen recognition. The immune response to a specific pathogen is not restricted to the recognition by one type of PRR or activation of a single cell type, but instead comprises complex collaborations between different receptors, cells and signal mediators. Here we will discuss the cross‐talk between PRRs involved in fungal recognition, focusing on the molecular interactions occurring at the plasma membrane.
The Structure of Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly

In a structured sample of 100 male and 100 female minimally impaired patients, aged 60 years and over, females were more depressed. Varimax factor analysis demonstrated four factor groupings which have clinical relevance - Depression, Anxiety, Cognitive impairment, and Psychosomatic disorder; their relative importance is different in males and females. Analysis of variance of the scores of clusters generated by cluster analysis demonstrated four groups of subjects - normal, mildly depressed, moderately depressed with borderline dementia and disability, and severely depressed with moderate dementia and frank disability. In the mildly and moderately depressed, symptoms of anxiety predominated.
Gamification of stroke rehabilitation exercises using a smartphone

Stroke is a disabling disease that requires extensive work of rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of patients. In order to increase the compliance and motivation of the patients, stroke rehabilitation exercises have been developed in a game-like structure using a smartphone. These games were designed to promote and evaluate different movements of the upper limbs and their level of difficulty is adaptable to each patient's impairment level. The feasibility of the use of smartphone built-in inertial sensors to monitor the execution of stroke rehabilitation exercises has been assessed. The accuracy of the angles measured decreased along time and for higher angles, nevertheless the differences between real and measured angles are within acceptable limits. The usability tests in a post-stroke patient case demonstrate the applicability and motivational potential of the developed games. Gamification of stroke rehabilitation exercises using a smartphone is feasible and may be valuable for stroke rehabilitation.
ONTOGENY OF B LYMPHOCYTES

The frequency of lymphocytes bearing complement receptors in the spleens of 2-wk old mice appears to be controlled by two independent genes. The presence of a "high" allele at either locus leads to intermediate or high frequency of CRL at 2 wk of age. One of the genes controlling complement receptor lymphocyte (CRL) frequency (CRL-1) is linked to the H-2 complex. Thus, in progeny of (AKR x DBA/2)F1 x DBA/2, all mice with a low frequency of CRL at 2 wk of age are homozygous for the H-2 type of the low CRL parent (DBA/2). Furthermore, in the B10 series of congenic mice, CRL frequency at 2 wk of age is similar to the frequency in the donor of the H-2 region. Thus, C57BL/10, B10.BR, and B10-D2 mice are all of the low CRL type while B10.A mice are intermediate in CRL frequency at 2 wk. C57BR and DBA/2, the donors of the H-2 complex of the B10.BR and B10.D2, respectively, are of low CRL type while the A/WySn, the donor of the H-2 complex in the B10.A, is an intermediate CRL strain. Similarly in the A/WySn series of congenic mice, A.CA, A.SW, and A.BY are all low CRL strains while the A/WySn is intermediate. Studies of CRL frequency in mice with recombinant H-2 chromosomes (B10.A(2R), (4R), and (5R); B6/TL+; and A/TL-) indicate that CRL-1 is to the right of the Ss-Slp genes and to the left of Tla.
Periodic alternating nystagmus in isolated nodular infarction

Myosin storage myopathy (MSM) associated with mutations in MYH7 encoding for slow/β-cardiac myosin heavy chain (MyHC) occurs sporadically or shows autosomal dominant inheritance.1–4 MSM is usually associated with severe skeletal muscle weakness, but cardiomyopathy is typically not present. We describe a patient with MSM in whom there was a homozygous mutation (Glu1,883Lys) in MYH7 . The parents were second cousins, and three of their children developed progressive MSM with respiratory muscle weakness and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This British family consisted of four siblings, three of whom were affected; the parents were second cousins. There was no family history of muscle weakness. The father died with a stroke at age 58 and the mother with myocardial infarct at age 70. ### Case 1. Exertional dyspnea commenced in late adolescence for this patient. She presented at age 26 in heart failure, with elevated jugular venous pressure (8 cm), soft systolic murmur at the left sternal edge, and fourth heart sound. She was short (height 141 cm), with thoracic scoliosis. Lung function tests revealed a restrictive deficit. EKG showed right bundle branch block, right axis deviation, and sinus tachycardia. Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization revealed hypertrophic, nonobstructive cardiomyopathy with elevated right ventricular pressure (40 mm Hg systolic) and a restrictive right and left ventricular pattern. Five years later, she developed an acute supraventricular dysrthythmia. …
Computer Vision and Image Understanding

LP relaxation based message passing and ﬂow-based algorithms are two of the popular techniques for performing MAP inference in graphical models. Generic Cuts (GC) (Arora et al., 2015) combines the two approaches to generalize the traditional max-ﬂow min-cut based algorithms for binary models with higher order clique potentials. The algorithm has been shown to be signiﬁcantly faster than the state of the art algorithms. The time and memory complexities of Generic Cuts are linear in the number of constraints, which in turn is exponential in the clique size. This limits the applicability of the approach to small cliques only. In this paper, we propose a lazy version of Generic Cuts exploiting the property that in most of such inference problems a large fraction of the constraints are never used during the course of minimization. We start with a small set of constraints (called the active constraints) which are expected to play a role during the minimization process. GC is then run with this reduced set allowing it to be eﬃcient in time and memory. The set of active constraints is adaptively learnt over multiple iterations while guaranteeing convergence to the optimum for submodular clique potentials. Our experiments show that the number of constraints required by the algorithm is typically less than 3% of the total number of constraints. Experiments on computer vision datasets show that our approach can signiﬁcantly outperform the state of the art both in terms of time and memory and is scalable to clique sizes that could not be handled by existing approaches
Adjuvant effect of cord factor, a mycobacterial lipid

Cord factor was a good adjuvant in mice and rats but exerted little if any adjuvant effect in guinea pigs. In rats, cord factor not only enhanced antibody production but also induced delayed hypersensitivity. Wax D was a weak adjuvant in mice. Cord factor caused a marked inflammatory swelling at the sites of injection in mice, but it caused no such swelling in rats and guinea pigs.
Circuit weight training and its effects on excess postexercise oxygen consumption.

OBJECTIVE There is a paucity of research concerning energy expenditure during and after circuit weight training (CWT). There is evidence that duration of rest between sets affects metabolic responses to resistive exercise. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of rest-interval duration upon the magnitude of 1 h of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). METHODS Seven healthy men completed two randomized circuit weight training sessions using 20-s and 60-s rest intervals (20 RI, 60 RI). Sessions included two circuits of eight upper and lower body resistive exercises in which 20 repetitions were performed at 75% of a previously determined 20 repetition maximum. RESULTS The 1 h EPOC of 10.3 +/- 0.57 L for the 20 RI session was significantly higher than 7.40 +/- 0.39 L for the 60 RI session. The net caloric expenditure during 1 h of recovery from the 20 RI session was significantly higher than that of the 60 RI session (51.51 +/- 2.84 vs 37.00 +/- 1.97 kcal); however, total gross energy expenditure (exercise + 1 h recovery) was significantly greater for the 60 RI protocol (277.23 kcal) than the 20 RI protocol (242.21 kcal). CONCLUSION Data demonstrate that shortening the rest interval duration will increase the magnitude of 1 h EPOC from CWT; however, the exercise + recovery caloric costs from CWT are slightly greater for a longer rest interval duration protocol. These data suggest that total caloric cost be taken into account for CWT.
Dicyanovinylnaphthalenes for neuroimaging of amyloids and relationships of electronic structures and geometries to binding affinities

The positron-emission tomography (PET) probe 2-(1-[6-[(2-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl]ethylidene) (FDDNP) is used for the noninvasive brain imaging of amyloid-β (Aβ) and other amyloid aggregates present in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. A series of FDDNP analogs has been synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic and computational methods. The binding affinities of these molecules have been measured experimentally and explained through the use of a computational model. The analogs were created by systematically modifying the donor and the acceptor sides of FDDNP to learn the structural requirements for optimal binding to Aβ aggregates. FDDNP and its analogs are neutral, environmentally sensitive, fluorescent molecules with high dipole moments, as evidenced by their spectroscopic properties and dipole moment calculations. The preferred solution-state conformation of these compounds is directly related to the binding affinities. The extreme cases were a nonplanar analog t-butyl-FDDNP, which shows low binding affinity for Aβ aggregates (520 nM Ki) in vitro and a nearly planar tricyclic analog cDDNP, which displayed the highest binding affinity (10 pM Ki). Using a previously published X-ray crystallographic model of 1,1-dicyano-2-[6-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-2-yl]propene (DDNP) bound to an amyloidogenic Aβ peptide model, we show that the binding affinity is inversely related to the distortion energy necessary to avoid steric clashes along the internal surface of the binding channel.
Sensor-based manipulation planning as a game with nature

This paper uplores a game-theoretic approach to automatic planning of sensor·based robotic manipulation programs. To win the game, the robot must provably attain a specified task swc. The robot moves by cboosing 1 control signal. and nature moves by cboosing a sensor signal. Planning is accomplished by searching lhe game O"ee. In some task domllnJ. lhe llppf'OII:h provides a slrllght! orwan1 method or reasoning about uncenalnty. non-detenninistic actions, and imperfect sensors. We cScmonstrate lhe approach in two dift'erent wlc domains: orienting an object using an instnunent.ed tilling tray: and orienting and and gnuping 111 object with an insuumen:ed panllel-jaw gripper.
Purification and biochemical heterogeneity of the mammalian SWI‐SNF complex.

We have purified distinct complexes of nine to 12 proteins [referred to as BRG1‐associated factors (BAFs)] from several mammalian cell lines using an antibody to the SWI2‐SNF2 homolog BRG1. Microsequencing revealed that the 47 kDa BAF is identical to INI1. Previously INI1 has been shown to interact with and activate human immunodeficiency virus integrase and to be homologous to the yeast SNF5 gene. A group of BAF47‐associated proteins were affinity purified with antibodies against INI1/BAF47 and were found to be identical to those co‐purified with BRG1, strongly indicating that this group of proteins associates tightly and is likely to be the mammalian equivalent of the yeast SWI‐SNF complex. Complexes containing BRG1 can disrupt nucleosomes and facilitate the binding of GAL4‐VP16 to a nucleosomal template similar to the yeast SWI‐SNF complex. Purification of the complex from several cell lines demonstrates that it is heterogeneous with respect to subunit composition. The two SWI‐SNF2 homologs, BRG1 and hbrm, were found in separate complexes. Certain cell lines completely lack BRG1 and hbrm, indicating that they are not essential for cell viability and that the mammalian SWI‐SNF complex may be tailored to the needs of a differentiated cell type.