Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In-Orbit Attitude Performance of the 3-Axis Stabilised SNAP-1 Nanosatellite

SNAP-1 is the first 3-axis stabilised nanosatellite in orbit. The satellite is stabilised by a single Ymomentum wheel and 3-axis magnetorquer rods, used for nutation damping and wheel momentum management. The primary attitude sensor used for attitude and rate estimation, is a miniature 3-axis magnetometer. This paper will show the attitude performance results during pointing of the CMOS cameras. One of the challenges was how to handle a large residual magnetic moment disturbance on the satellite. This disturbance was caused by an unforseen permanent magnetisation dipole from the thruster solenoids, which could not be fully cancelled by the magnetorquer rods. To enable the onboard attitude and rate Kalman filter to give accurate state estimates, the magnetic disturbance was first characterised and then partially compensated for, using the magnetorquer rods. The paper will explain how this problem was solved, before the Y-momentum wheel could be utilised to stabilise and point the imaging payload. The attitude disturbances during firings of the butane gas thruster will also be presented and characterised. The effect of these firings on the orbit will be shown as measured by the GPS receiver on SNAP-1. The lessons learned from the AODCS design of a SSTL nanosatellite are summarised.
Antioxidant Activity and In Silico Analysis of Centella asiatica and Indigofera aspalathoides in Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, characterized by red thickened scaly patches with overlying silvery white scaly patches distributed into extensor surfaces involving palms and scalp. In the present study, we intended at assessing the antioxidant activity and interaction of bioactive compound present in ethanolic and ethyl acetate of Centella asiatica and Indigofera aspalathoides with (VEGF) vascular endothelial growth factor and inflammatory marker IL-17 in silico analysis, which in turn is an important factor for triggering the psoriasis. The whole plant active compounds extracted using ethanol, ethyl acetate. Extracts were screened for the presence of antioxidants by antioxidant scavenging activity- hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, and nitric oxide radical and (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH assay. In silico method, compound interactions with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-17 (IL-17) analysed using Patch Dock Server. MTT assay, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) performed in L929 fibroblasts cell line were used to evaluate the cell toxicity. Form our analysis, ethanolic extract of Indigofera aspalathoides extract (FSE) showed better antioxidant scavenging activity and compounds namely dodecanoic acid,10 methyl-,methyl ester and Pregnan-18-oic acid, 20-hydroxy-,[5alpha] has better affinity and produced docking score ­26.47 and -30.56 with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-17 (IL-17) as compared to control using in silico method. In case of cytotoxicity studies, 500μg/ml of ethanolic extract (FSE), Indigofera aspalathoides showed 85% of cell viability in L929 fibroblast.
Combining participatory approaches and modelling: lessons from two practical cases of policy support

In this paper two different policy exercises carried out with the METRONAMICA land use modelling framework are discussed. The first aims at finding suitable locations for the expansion of residential and business activities in Utrecht Province, the Netherlands. It takes into consideration future economic and demographic developments as well as all other land use claims in the province. The second was carried out as part of the EEA-PRELUDE project and aimed at exploring the impacts of different scenarios on land use developments and the state of the environment in Europe. Both exercises are similar in combining a participatory approach with modelling in interactive stakeholder sessions. Both aim at integrating the opinions, visions and data from different actors and sectors to present an integrated view of the future. However, they differ in the type of scenarios dealt with. The first is very much an exercise in practical planning exploring the impacts of possible zoning regulations under conditions of varying socioeconomic growth. The second allows for the creation of very different scenarios by a diverse group of stakeholders featuring more extreme events. For both exercises the model represents the current processes causing land use change and combines them with future trends captured in the scenarios with a view to present potential future developments in the use of land as well as the social, economic, and ecological qualities of the spatial system. The paper concludes with lessons learned relative to the use of METRONAMICA in support of policy-making: the appropriateness of the framework for combining participatory approaches and modelling, the difficulties encountered and benefits experienced in combining both, and, recommendations for future work.
Causal Analysis of a Tugboat Capsizing Accident in Rough Weather Condition Based on a Dynamical Simulation

Tugboats are widely used near harbors to assist with various operations such as the berthing and deberthing of very large vessels and the towing of barges. Capsizing accidents involving tugboats occasionally take place when the tugboat makes rapid turns in harsh weather conditions. When there is little evidence suggesting how the accident occurred and when the crew members are missing, it is necessary to predict the time history of the towing vessel’s attitude and trajectory from its departure point to when and where it capsized, depending on various input parameters using a numerical simulation. In this paper, the dynamics of a tugboat and a towed barge in conjunction with the external force and moment were established, and the possible input parameters and operational scenarios which might influence the large roll motion of the tugboat were identified. As a result of analyzing the simulated time history of the excessive roll motion of the tugboat, it was found that roll motion can take place when the tugboat is situated on the crest of a wave and when it is pulled by a towed barge through a towing line. The main cause of the accident would be the parameters that primarily influence such situations. These are the wave parameters, course changing scenario, and the amount of tension.
Plastic Deformation and Recrystallization of Garnet: A Mechanism to Facilitate Diffusion Creep

Elongate and deformed garnets from Glenelg, NW Scotland, occur within a thin shear zone transecting an eclogite body that has undergone partial retrogression to amphibolite facies at circa 700°C. Optical microscopy, back-scattered electron imaging, electron probe microanalysis and electron back-scatter diffraction reveal garnet sub-structures that are developed as a function of strain. Subgrains with low-angle misorientation boundaries occur at low strain and garnet orientations are dispersed, around rational crystallographic axes, across these boundaries. Towards high-strain areas, boundary misorientations increase and there is a loss of crystallographic control on misorientations, which tend towards random. In high-strain areas, a polygonal garnet microstructure is developed. The garnet orientations are randomly dispersed around the original single-crystal orientation. Some garnet grains are elongate and Ca-rich garnet occurs on the faces of elongate grains oriented normal to the foliation. Commonly, the garnet grains are admixed with matrix minerals, and, where in contact with other phases, garnet is well faceted. We suggest that individual garnet porphyroclasts record an evolution from low-strain conditions, where dislocation creep and recovery accommodated deformation, through increasing strain, where dynamic recrystallization occurred by subgrain rotation, to highest strains, where recrystallized grains were able to deform by diffusion creep assisted grain boundary sliding with associated rotations.
Factors affecting maternal care in an income breeder, the European roe deer

1. Maternal care is a major component of demographic tactics in mammals. In ungulates most work has been done on capital breeders (e.g. bighorn sheep), which rely heavily on body reserves to raise their young. Roe deer, in contrast, are close to the income breeder end of the capital–income breeder continuum, and show high levels of maternal care. 2. The aim of this study was to explore the factors determining the level of maternal care in roe deer, in particular the effects of maternal body weight, mother's parity, litter size and year of birth on the amount of prenatal care (i.e. the average mass of an offspring multiplied by the number of offspring) and postnatal care (i.e. the average growth rate of the offspring multiplied by their number). The study was carried out on a captive population of roe deer fed ad libitum, and in a wild population. 3. In both populations prenatal care increased with increasing maternal body weight. In the population fed ad libitum this effect was found in light females only (< 22 kg); in the wild population the positive relationship between maternal body weight and prenatal care was entirely accounted for by variation in litter size (i.e. heaviest females produced larger litters) and density (i.e. females were lightest in years with high population density). Parity did not affect prenatal care. 4. In 14 females fed ad libitum there was no relationship between postnatal care and maternal body weight. Multiparous females had higher levels of postnatal care. In contrast, 20 wild females showed a positive relationship between postnatal care and maternal body weight, and only litter size affected the level of postnatal care. 5. Even after accounting for the confounding effects of maternal body weight, parity, litter size and population density, we found no trade-off between pre- and postnatal care in any of the two populations. The conditions under which the pattern of maternal care could impose trade-offs that affect the individual offspring are discussed.
Validation of the Quality of Relationships Inventory in a Peruvian Sample of Adolescents and Associations to Peer Attachment

Research concerning adolescent peer relations and peer attachment is scarce, and more so in Spanish-speaking populations. The aims of this study were twofold: (a) to adapt the Quality of Relationships Inventory (QRI) to Spanish and (b) to assess its psychometric properties in the context of peer relations in a sample of N = 269 Peruvian adolescents. Internal consistency was adequate. The factor structure of the instrument was assessed by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multidimensional scaling (MDS). Convergent validity was explored by analyzing the associations between the QRI subscales and the peer subscales of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (correlations ranged from r = .37 to r = .61) and discriminant validity by exploring the associations between the QRI subscales and both internalizing and externalizing symptoms (correlations ranged from r = .27 to r = .35). Results showed that the QRI on its Spanish version is a reliable tool for the assessment of the quality of peer relationships within a Peruvian context when taking some considerations into account regarding the conflict scale.
Characterization of cDNA sequence encoding for a novel sodium channel ï¡-toxin from the Iranian scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus venom glands

The venoms of Buthidae scorpions are known to contain basic, single-chain protein -toxins consisting of 60-70 amino acid residues that are tightly cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. Total RNA was extracted from the venom glands of scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus collected from the Khuzestan province of Iran and then cDNA was synthesized with the modified oligo (dT) primer and extracted total RNA as template. By applying the Semi-nested RT-PCR using homologous primers, the fragments of 273 bp was amplified and sequenced. The coding region encodes a polypeptide of 85 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 9.337 kDa and theoretical isoelectric point of 6.52. It was designated as MeNaTx-4. This peptide with homology to the "Scorpion long chain toxin-like domain" is belongs to the Toxin-3 superfamily. Multiple alignment of the putative amino acid sequence of MeNaTx-4 exhibited 95% sequence identity with lesser Asian scorpion M. eupeus venom sodium channel -toxin-3 but interestingly displayed only 63% identity with other -toxins from this species. The sequence was also identical to the counterpart sequences from M. martensii (92%) and Buthus occitanus israelis (80%). This high sequence simi larity together with completely conserved in the positions of all 8 Cys indicated that MeNaTx-4 is a new member of -toxin from the Iranian M. eupeus which may originate from a common ancestor.
Electropolymerized supramolecular tetraruthenated porphyrins applied as a voltammetric sensor

Porphyrin 5,10,15,20-Tetra(4-pyridyl)manganese(III), [Mn-TPyP(H2O)2]PF6, and electropolymerized supramolecular porphyrins (ESP), {Mn-TPyP(H2O)2[RuCl3(dppb)]4}PF6 (dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenilphosphine)butane), were synthesized and characterized. A thin solid film of ESP was obtained on a glass carbon electrode surface by a cyclic voltammetry method. The peak current increased with the number of voltammetric cycles, which shows a typical behavior of the species being adsorbed on the surface of the electrode. Cyclic voltammetry was also employed for acetaminophen quantification using an ESP modified electrode. The modified electrode shows a linear relationship between the anodic peak current and the concentration of acetaminophen (in the rage 0.05 to 0.7 mmol L - 1). The performance of the modified electrode was verified by the determination of acetaminophen in a commercial pharmaceutical product and the results were in good agreement with those obtained by a control HPLC method.
Synbiotic Effect of Probiotic ( Bifidobacterium sp ) and Prebiotics (Chicory and Inulin ) aganist some pathogenic bacteria

The Antimicrobial activity of Probiotic Bifidobacterium sp and Prebiotics : chicory roots ( Hot water extract ) and Inulin ( 10 % ) against some Pathogenic bacteria (Esherichia coli , Proteus mirabilis , Klebsiella sp , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Serratia marcescens was studied . The combination of Probiotic and Prebiotics (Synbiotic) (Bifidobacterium sp + chicory ) and (Bifidobacterium sp + Inulin ) also tested for their antimicrobial activity against Pathogenic bacteria . Results showed that Bifidobacterium sp had good antimicrobial activity against all the Pathogenic bacteria tested , followed by chicory and inulin . The synergistic inhibitory effect of Synbiotic (Bifidobacterium sp + chicory ) and ( Bifidobacterium sp + inulin ) on Pathogenic bacteria was higher than the effect of Bifidobacterium sp alone, chicory alone and inulin alone.
Planktonic primary production and microbial respiration measured by 14C assimilation and dissolved oxygen changes in coastal waters of the Antarctic Peninsula during austral summer: implications for carbon flux studies

Oxygen consumption and production and carbon fixation by micro-organisms were rneasured simultaneously in coastal surface waters near the Antarctic Peninsula. Although there was a good qualitative aqreement between the oxyqen and carbon measurements, total daily water-column integrated carbon incorporation measured by radiocarbon uptake in the particulate fraction underestirnated net cornrnunity production measured by the oxygen rnethod by 29 to 54 % (using a photosynthetic quotient of 1.5). Unaccounted-for exudation of dissolved organic carbon dunng the 14C uptake experirnents rnay explain this discrepancy. Respiratory carbon losses by micro-organisrns (largely phytoplankton) ranged between 10 and 50 % of gross production, the highest values corresponding to the more productive stations. These estimates are, however, slightly conservative. since they refe; to the upper 30 m of the water column, corresponding approximately to the euphotic zone in this region. Our results show that microbial respiration is an important part of the carbon flux of coastal Antarctic plankton. Unless it is considered in carbon flux models, the contribution of higher trophic levels to the ~-rh~~ f! >zel il: =zTi;? e feGd T,. ;&~ muy be ser';9Gs! y vieFest&TL.at&,
Nutritional Requirement of Calcium in White Laying Hens from 46 to 62 Wk of Age

A total of 240 Lohmann Selected Leghorn hens were fed 5 experimental diets in this experiment to determine dietary Ca requirement. Limestone was added to the basal diet containing 2800 kcal of ME/kg and 16.5% CP to produce 2.60, 3.00, 3.40, 3.80, and 4.20% Ca contents. This experiment lasted from 46 to 62 week of age. Increasing dietary Ca from 0.28 to 0.42% had a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion, and egg shell weight. With increasing dietary Ca bone strength linearly increased. Based on quadratic regression, dietary Ca requirements for maximum egg production and egg mass, and the best feed conversion were 3.52, 3.54, and 3.62%, respectively. Dietary Ca requirement for white laying hens from 46 to 62 weeks of age was 3.56% in the diet or 4.0 g Ca per hen daily with the average ambient temperature of 21.65 C. o
An electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant

The Boltzmann constant k was measured by comparing the Johnson noise of a resistor at the triple point of water with a quantum-based voltage reference signal generated with a superconducting Josephson-junction waveform synthesizer. The measured value of k = 1.380 651(17) × 10−23 J K−1 is consistent with the current CODATA value and the combined uncertainties. This is our first measurement of k with this electronic technique, and the first noise-thermometry measurement to achieve a relative combined uncertainty of 12 parts in 106. We describe the most recent improvements to our Johnson-noise thermometer that enabled the statistical uncertainty contribution to be reduced to seven parts in 106, as well as the further reduction of spurious systematic errors and electromagnetic interference effects. The uncertainty budget for this measurement is discussed in detail.
Data Recovery through Modulation Identification in Dense Wireless Networks

: With rise in device complexity and transmission rates, reliability in data recovery has become another critical issue requiring costly and computationally demanding mechanism. The popularity of artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) and its ubiquitousness have established the usefulness of design of data recovery schemes where device level complexity is less. Lower device complexity is being ensured by the use of AI driven data recovery. In this work, we focus on the design of such a mechanism where traditional process are replaced by a neuro-computing structure. The advantage is lower levels of device complexity but incorporation of a training latency. Experimental results have established the reliability of the proposed system.
Transforming growth factor in diabetes and renal disease

Renal lipid metabolism may play important roles in renal inflammation, glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial injury in diabetic nephropathy. These alterations in lipids are associated with (1) decreased expression of PPAR-γ mRNA and protein, (2) increased abundance of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), key regulator of fatty acid synthesis, (3) decreased abundance of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a negative regulator of fatty acid synthesis and promoter of fatty acid oxidation, (4) downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-γ), key regulator of fatty acid oxidation, (5) increased abundance of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP- 2), key regulator of cholesterol synthesis, and (6) downregulation of ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), key regulator of cholesterol efflux. These lipid alterations are also associated with marked downregulation of the podocyte markers podocin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and proteinuria. Treatment of ZDF rats with the PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone results in normalization of the renal lipid metabolism pathways and prevention of lipid and adipophilin accumulation, restoration of podocin and ZO-1 expression, and prevention of proteinuria. Thus, our results indicate that renal lipid accumulation significantly contributes to renal cell injury and treatment with PPAR agonist significantly ameliorates podocyte injury, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and proteinuria. PPAR-FXR-SREBP pathway may play a critical role in regulation of lipid homeostasis and fibrosis in the kidney. (Nature and Science. 2009;7(1):91-95). (ISSN: 1545-0740).
International Business Cycle Accounting

In this paper, I extend the business cycle accounting method a la Chari, Kehoe and McGrattan (2007) to a two-country international business cycle model and quantify the effect of the disturbances in relevant markets on the business cycle correlation between Japan and the US over the 1980-2008 period. This paper finds that disturbances in the labor market and production efficiency are important in accounting for the recent increase in the cross-country output correlation. If international financial market integration is important for considering the recent increase in cross-country output correlation, it must operate through an increase in the cross-country correlation of disturbances in the labor market and production efficiency, and not in the domestic investment market.
The evolution of egg rejection by cuckoo hosts in Australia and Europe

Exploitation of hosts by brood parasitic cuckoos is expected to stimulate a coevolutionary arms race of adaptations and counteradaptations. However, some hosts have not evolved defenses against parasitism. One hypothesis to explain a lack of host defenses is that the life-history strategies of some hosts reduce the cost of parasitism to the extent that accepting parasitic eggs in the nest is evolutionarily stable. Under this hypothesis, it pays hosts to accept cuckoo eggs if (1) the energetic cost of raising the cuckoo is low, (2) there is time to renest, and (3) clutch size is small. We parasitized the nests of host and nonhost species with nonmimetic model eggs to test whether the evolution of egg recognition by cuckoo hosts could be explained by life-history variables of the host. The most significant factor explaining rates of rejection of model eggs was whether or not a species was a cuckoo host, with hosts rejecting model eggs at a higher rate than nonhosts. Egg-rejection rates were also explained by visibility within the nest and by cuckoo mass. We found little support for the life-history model of egg rejection. Our results suggest that parasitism is always sufficiently costly to select for host defenses and that the evolution of defenses may be limited by proximate constraints such as visibility within the nest. Copyright 2005.