Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Looking up with a frown: status, negative affect and enhancement behaviour in groups

ABSTRACT This manuscript aims to address existing ambiguity on the behavioural consequences of (low) status in groups by examining mechanisms and moderating factors in the linkage between individual members’ lack of status and their attempts at improving their status position. Specifically, we propose an indirect relationship between a group member’s lack of status and enhancement behaviour, through his or her high-arousal negative affective reactions, and we cast a member’s status striving as a key motivational boundary condition for this indirect association. We tested our predictions across three studies, namely (1) a scenario experiment, (2) a critical-incident recall design and (3) an organizational survey study. Results demonstrated an interactive relationship of perceived status and status striving with high-arousal negative affect, such that lower (rather than higher) status triggered high-arousal negative affective reactions among individuals with higher (but not lower) status striving. Moreover, a group member’s high-arousal negative affect was positively related with his or her enhancement behaviour. Together, these findings shed new light on key psychological mechanism and contingency factors that may explicate individuals’ diverse behavioural reactions towards a lack of status in groups.
Natural Resource Management for the World’s Highest Park: Community Attitudes on Sustainability for Central Karakoram National Park, Pakistan

The management of natural resources has become a crucial agenda item at the community level of every country, due to the importance of a community’s direct involvement in the stewardship of these resources. The sustainable management of natural resources is not easy without the involvement of the community. To know the attitudes of residents in the communities in close proximity to Central Karakoram National Park (CKNP) towards natural resource sustainable management policy, a study of CKNP in northern Pakistan was conducted. This is the first community study for this park. It is difficult to overstate the economic and geographic importance of this national resource to the Pakistani people at local and national levels, as well as at the international level. This is the world’s highest public park; as a natural resource it is not only important to the local community, it also has great relevance internationally. The study attempted to gauge the attitudes of the local community towards the sustainable management practices of CKNP. The results of this study showed generally positive attitudes towards the park. The majority of respondents revealed that the park’s primary appeal is its geographic location. Households were afraid that pollution in the park will gradually destroy the park’s natural resources. For sustainable management of the CKNP, community members expressed willingness to contribute to the betterment of park through volunteerism. Community members praised the government’s supportive actions, including budgetary support and public-awareness campaigns. As such, the positive attitude of the community towards the CKNP also revealed new insights for the community-centered sustainable management of natural resources in developing countries. This study also provides a research gap for future work relating to the sustainable management of community-based natural resources to consider more factors beside the factors used in this study.
Experimental study of nonlinear solitary waves in two-dimensional dusty plasma

The excitation and propagation of solitary waves is studied experimentally in a two-dimensional strongly coupled dusty (complex) plasma. A single layer with ≈5000 microspheres (8μmdiam) was suspended in an argon plasma with a neutral gas pressure of 3.0mTorr. The measured Debye shielding parameter was κ≈1.6, where κ=a∕λ is the ratio of the lattice constant a to the Debye length λ. Nonlinear, planar longitudinal waves were launched by pushing all the particles in a rectangular region at the center of the crystal in the same direction using an 18W green laser. Compressive solitary waves with density perturbations δn∕n0≲0.8 and widths ≲5a were found to propagate in the forward direction at speeds exceeding the dust acoustic speed. For small amplitude solitary waves, the relations between amplitude, width, and velocity are consistent with those predicted for Korteweg–deVries solitons. Rarefactive perturbations were not observed to evolve into solitary waves. However, oscillatory shocks were seen to move in th.
Rare manifestations in a case of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease

Osler-Weber-Rendu disease (OWRD) is a rare vascular dysplasia that presents most commonly with epistaxis. The most dreaded complication, however, is an intracranial haemorrhage. We present a patient with two rare manifestations of OWRD, subdural haematoma and portal venous hypertension, both seldom reported in the literature. The patient made a full recovery and continues to do well at this time.
Thermal Tolerance of Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes Correlates with Level of Circulating Hemoglobin

The West Antarctic Peninsula region is experiencing some of the most rapid elevations in temperature of any marine environment. We assessed thermal tolerance of white- and red-blooded Antarctic notothenioid fishes inhabiting these waters, using a modified critical thermal maximum (CTmax) design. Temperature was elevated acutely from ambient at a constant rate of 3.6°C h−1, and CTmax was defined as the temperature where animals lost righting response. CTmax temperatures of white-blooded icefishes Chionodraco rastrospinosus (C) and Chaenocephalus aceratus (C) were significantly lower than those of red-blooded fishes Gobionotothen gibberifrons (C) and Notothenia coriiceps (C). Lepidonotothen squamifrons, a red-blooded species with low hematocrit, exhibited a CTmax (C) that was significantly lower than that of the other red-blooded animals and similar to that of icefishes. A strong relationship between CTmax and hematocrit () suggests that the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood may partially dictate acute lethal temperature. Despite a short treatment duration, we detected a rise in the mRNA level of hypoxia response gene HIF-1α in N. coriiceps heart tissue. One-week exposure to 4°C had no effect on the CTmax of N. coriiceps, indicating an inability to compensate for rising temperature under these experimental conditions. Our results suggest that icefishes are particularly sensitive to temperature elevation because of a lack of hemoglobin and may be a sentinel taxon for climate change.
Making a City Smarter through Information Integration: Angel Network and the Role of Political Leadership

Scholars and practitioners around the world are increasingly using terms such as smart cities and smart governments. The essence of becoming smarter seems to be related to connectedness, responsiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. Therefore, by integrating their most important information and services, cities can achieve some of the goals and objectives extensively identified with smartness. This paper aims to show that despite important challenges, information integration initiatives can be implemented with relatively good results if there is enough political support from top government executives. We conducted semi-structured interviews with government managers responsible for the Angel Network (AN) system, which attempts to integrate key information about social programs in Mexico City. This work offers insights on how the support of the mayor can significantly influence the implementation of an information integration strategy in at least three different ways: (1) the creation of an adequate institutional framework, (2) the alignment of diverse political interests within the city administration, and (3) the increase of financial resources.
Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases in Vietnam: A Focus on Pesticides

Agent Orange, which was sprayed in southern Vietnam by the American government, was the main source of dioxin exposure in Vietnam. From the early 1990s, agriculture of Vietnam has attained advances under intensive cultivation. Both production and yields per crop has raised significantly at the farm level, but, on the other hand, the quantity of pesticides used in agriculture has been increased in the absence of regulations and good practices. Illegal business of pesticides with false labels, as well as marketing of expired or poor quality products in stores without license are so popular in Vietnam. Misuse and improper use in agriculture in Vietnam has led to a variety of problems, such as environment pollution (including food producing animals) and adverse health impact on animals and humans. Open dumpsites worsen the general scenario. Similar to the environmental exposure, human exposure to DDT in Vietnam was ranked among the highest worldwide, with recognized effects. Exposed communities have to face birth defects, health disorders and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), from metabolic syndrome, asthma, infertility and other reproductive disorders through to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. A common feature of many chronic disorders and NCDs is metabolic disruption: environmental chemical factors disturb cellular homeostasis, thus affecting the ability of the body to restore a functional internal environment. Among these, endocrine disrupting pesticides can interfere with the action of hormones including metabolic hormones, and are likely to represent the main concern for developmentally-induced NCDs. Since pesticides are often persistent and bio-accumulate in the food chain through the living environment of food-producing organisms, this paper discusses relevant aspects of risk assessment, risk communication and risk management.
Restricted antigenic variability of the epitope recognized by the neutralizing gp41 antibody 2F5

Objective To investigate whether variations of the conserved gp41 amino-acid sequence ELDKWA affect its binding or neutralization by monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2F5. Design and methods Neutralization assays were performed with primary isolates from different HIV-1 subtypes and the sequences corresponding to the 2F5 epitope region were analysed. Studies of MAb 2F5 peptide reactivity were performed by spot analysis, using peptides immobilized on cellulose. The frequency of emergence of neutralization-resistant virus variants was determined by immune selection experiments in the presence of MAb 2F5. Results Primary isolates from clades A, B and E were neutralized by MAb 2F5. Neutralization sensitivity correlated with the presence of the LDKW motif. A K-to-N change in the core sequence was identified in a neutralization-resistant patient isolate. Neutralization resistant virus variants that were selected in the presence of MAb 2F5 were found to contain D-to-N, D-to-E, or K-to-N changes within the LDKW sequence. Neither in natural isolates nor in variants obtained under immune selection conditions in the laboratory were changes in the L and W positions observed. Studies of MAb 2F5 binding to variations of the ELDKWA peptide confirmed that the changes at the first and last positions did not significantly reduce binding capacity, whereas amino-acid changes from D to N, D to E, and K to N almost completely abrogated binding of MAb 2F5. Conclusion Sequence analysis of a variety of primary isolates suggests that the major determinant of MAb 2F5 binding corresponds to the amino-acid sequence LDKW. Naturally occurring and in vitro selected neutralization-resistant viruses contained changes in the D and K positions of the ELDKWA motif.
[Therapeutical approach to dry eye syndrome].

INTRODUCTION Dry eye disease or dysfunctional tear syndrome is among the most frequently established diagnoses in ophthalmology. It can be defined as a disorder of the tear film resulting in changes in the ocular surface. MECHANISMS IN DEVELOPMENT OF DRY EYE DISEASE There are many factors causing dry eye and they, can be related to deficiency in any of the components of the tear film. It has been suggested that dry eye is an inflammatory disorder that affects the ocular surface and lacrimal gland. Inflammation is the most important mechanism of corneal and conjunctival cell damage, which is responsible for the symptoms and signs of ocular surface pathology. Hormonal imbalance (particularly androgens), neural dysfunction, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and loss of immune homeostasis of the lacrimal gland and ocular surface could be possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease. DISCUSSION The aim of this paper was to review the advances in the pathogenesis and management of the dry eye disease. The appropriate dry eye treatment presupposes knowledge of all existing pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapeutic modalities. The mainstay of therapy is still artificial tears, with anti-inflammatory therapy and punctual occlusion therapy as second and third line therapies.
Online handwritten Gujarati character recognition using SVM, MLP, and K-NN

In this paper, we present a system to recognize online handwritten character for the Gujarati language. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with linear, polynomial & RBF kernel, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) with different values of k and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) are used to classify strokes using hybrid feature set. This system is trained using a dataset of 3000 samples and tested by 100 different writers. We have achieved highest accuracy of 91.63% with SVM-RBF kernel and lowest accuracy of 86.72% with MLP. We have achieved minimum average processing time of 0.056 seconds per stroke with SVM linear kernel and maximum average processing time of 1.062 seconds per stroke with MLP.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Knowledge of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) risk factors allows anesthesiologists to optimize the use of prophylactic regimens. Modern PONV risk research began in the 1990s with publication of studies using logistic regression analysis to simultaneously identify multiple independent PONV predictors and publication of meta-analyses and systematic reviews. This literature shows that female gender post-puberty, nonsmoking status, history of PONV or motion sickness, childhood after infancy and younger adulthood, increasing duration of surgery, and use of volatile anesthetics, nitrous oxide, large-dose neostigmine, or intraoperative or postoperative opioids are well established PONV risk factors. Possible risk factors include history of migraine, history of PONV or motion sickness in a child’s parent or sibling, better ASA physical status, intense preoperative anxiety, certain ethnicities or surgery types, decreased perioperative fluids, crystalloid versus colloid administration, increasing duration of anesthesia, general versus regional anesthesia or sedation, balanced versus total IV anesthesia, and use of longer-acting versus shorter-acting opioids. Early-phase menstruation, obesity and lack of supplemental oxygen are disproved risk factors. Current risk scoring systems have ∼55%–80% accuracy in predicting which patient groups will suffer PONV. Further research examining genetic and under-investigated clinical patient characteristics as potential risk factors, and involving outpatients and children, should improve predictive systems.
Test generation and fault simulation methods on the basis of cubic algebra for digital devices

Models and methods of digital circuit analysis for test generation and fault simulation are offered. The two-frame cubic algebra for compact description of sequential primitive element (here and further, primitive) in the form of cubic coverings is used. It is used for digital circuit designing, fault simulation and fault-free simulation as well. Problems of digital circuit testing are formulated as linear equations. The described cubic fault simulation method allows to propagate primitive fault lists from its inputs to outputs; to generate analytical equations for deductive fault simulation of digital circuit at gate, functional and algorithmic description levels; to build comparative and interpretative fault simulators for digital circuit. The fault list cubic coverings (FLCC), which allow to create single sensitization paths, are proposed. The test generation method for single stuck-at fault (SSF) detection with usage of FLCC is developed.
A federated protocol for active authentication

Typically, a user is identified only at the beginning of a session. If they step away from the client or the session is hijacked, their assets become vulnerable. Active authentication continuously authenticates a user during a session. It seeks to verify a user's behavioral biometrics (human-computer interactions) with those from previous sessions to determine whether the current user is an impostor/guest or the original, authenticated user. This paper reports on an active authentication protocol, the first such protocol to the authors' knowledge. Developing or enhancing protocols is DARPA's third phase for active authentication development (after addressing behavioral biometric modalities for active authentication on workstations and on mobile devices). Our active-authentication protocol works in conjunction with our enhancement of the WebID protocol. The WebID protocol uses cool URIs that dereference to profiles in FOAF. Our enhancement, WebID+Biometrics, uses enrolled biometric data stored in the WebID profile, now expressed in our enhancement of FOAF. WebID+Biometrics supports “bring your own biometrics” as your biometric data are stored in your WebID profile, in a domain that you control.
Hand augmentation with Radiesse® (Calcium hydroxylapatite)

ABSTRACT: The hand has remained a considerable treatment challenge, as new soft tissue fillers have arrived in the esthetic marketplace. The challenge has been the result of both the multiple visits required for treatment in, for example, autologous fat grafting and the simple management of pain in the innervated areas of the hand between the bones.
Closed-Loop Glucose Control: Psychological and Behavioral Considerations

Since 2000, the diabetes community has witnessed tremendous technological advances that have revolutionized diabetes management. Currently, closed-loop glucose control (CLC) systems, which link continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring, are the newest, cutting edge technology aimed at reducing glycemic variability and improving daily management of diabetes. Although advances in knowledge and technology in the treatment of diabetes have improved exponentially, adherence to diabetes regimens remains complex and often difficult to predict. Human factors, such as patient perceptions and behavioral self-regulation, are central to adherence to prescribed regimens, as well as to adoption and utilization of diabetes technology, and they will continue to be crucial as diabetes management evolves. Thus, the aims of this article are three-fold: (1) to review psychological and behavioral factors that have influenced adoption and utilization of past technologies (2) to examine three theoretical frameworks that may help in conceptualizing relevant patient factors in diabetes management, and (3) to propose patient-selection factors that will likely affect future CLC systems.
A zebrafish model of small-fiber neuropathy

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Rythme et structuration prosodique en anglais britannique contemporain

Les deux problematiques de ce travail sont la definition des unites rythmiques et l'ambisyllabicite en anglais britannique, celles-ci etant fortement liees a la question plus generale de la prediction de l'organisation temporelle. Les problematiques d'ambisyllabicite et de definition des unites rythmiques sont testees dans la base de donnees Aix-MARSEC, un corpus de parole authentique de taille importante, annote prosodiquement et aligne a differents niveaux de representation. Deux modeles rythmiques sont evalues, celui de Jassem et celui d'Abercombie, les deux differant en terme de definition de l'unite rythmique et du role accorde aux frontieres de mot. Les resultatls statistiques ne revelent aucune isochronie stricte : les unites rythmiques n'ont pas toutes la meme duree quel que soit le nombre de sous-constituants. En revanche, il semble exister une tendance vers l'isochronie faible puisqu'on observe un degre de compression dans lels pieds saccentuels et les NRUS), tendance plus mrquee dans les NRUS, ce qui semble montrer que le modele de Jassem rend mieux compte du rythme anglais. De plus, il ne semble pas y avoir d'allongement accentuel sur les phonemes dans les NRUS, ce qui est surprenant puisque l'accent est generalement pr"esente comme un effet allongeant. La question de l'ambisyllabicite est ensusite traitee grace a des tests statistiques dans la base de donnees Aix-MARSEC. Il ne semble pas y avoir de difference temporelle significative entre les consones ambisyllabiques et les attaques, en revanche , il y en a entre les voyelles precedant les consonnes ambisyllabiques et celles precedant les codas.
A flexible K-best sphere decoding kernel for configurable antennas and constellations

In this paper we present a flexible decoding kernel using K-best and iterative K-best algorithms. Using this decoding kernel, system designers can choose the alternative algorithms for their different applications. With one kernel, it supports multiple configurable antennas (2×2,4×4) and variable modulation schemes (QPSK,16-QAM). Using number of kernels supports 8×8 and 64-QAM. Using a 90-nm CMOS technology, the 7.29 mm2 proposed kernel achieves the throughput of 445.3 Mbps at 166.7MHz.