Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of the generation II unloader express brace on medial compartment knee osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by the deterioration of cartilage, formation of osteophytes, and subchondral sclerosis. So far, there is nothing available to stop disease progression or reverse disease symptoms. Bracing has been found to be an alternative to more invasive measures to reduce symptoms in individuals with knee O A . Twenty-one subjects (14 male, 7 female) enrolled in a twelve week repeated measures study. There were three brace conditions: no brace (control), brace in neutral (placebo) , and brace adjusted to four degrees valgus. All subjects underwent each condition in the same sequence. There was a three week washout period between the neutral and valgus brace conditions. A questionnaire, adapted from the W O M A C , was designed for this study s h o w e d good reliability (r = 0 . 8 9 to r = 0.93) for the three parameters assessed This study found wearing the valgus brace significantly minimized the increase in pain (p = 0 .037) , difficulty in function (p = 0 .032) , and stiffness (p = 0.021) experienced after activity compared to wearing the neutral brace. The results of this study suggest that the Generation II Orthotics Unloader Express is an effective treatment for those suffering mild forms of osteoarthritis.
Bir Araknoid Kist Olgusunda Nörolojik Belirtiler ve Eş Zamanlı Olarak Ortaya Çıkan Psikotik Bozukluk

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2007, 27 615 eynin yapısal anormallikleri ve psikotik belirtiler arasındaki muhtemel ili şkiler birçok araştırmaya konu olmu ştur. Nedeni henüz bilinmese de şizofrenik olgularda tomografi ile yapılan çalı şmalar beyinde yapısal de ğişikliklere işaret etmektedir. Nasrallah ve ark. , beyin bilgisayarlı tomografi (BBT) ile yaptıkları çalı şmada genç yaştaki 55 şizofreni hastasını sa ğlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırmış, şizofrenide 3. ventrikül geni şlemesi ile serebellar atrofinin nöroanatomik olarak ili şkili olduğuna dair kanıtlar elde etmi şlerdir.
Young Lives Working Paper 96. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access: A Report on Findings from the Young Lives School Survey (Round 1) in Ethiopia

This report presents key findings from Young Lives school survey in Ethiopia conducted in 2009? 10, contextualised by cross-sectional evidence from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. The findings suggest that educational exclusion operates through complex mechanisms which conspire to limit the access opportunities of disadvantaged children during the course of the education life-cycle. Exclusion is associated with family ill-health, poverty, livelihood and labour demands, gender-related constraints, geographical context, and lack of parental education and support. Notwithstanding recent improvements in educational access and teacher training, unequal opportunities will not be adequately addressed if these patterns of disadvantage remain unchanged. Large numbers of children, especially in rural areas, enter education late, are frequently absent from school, and drop out early. The most common reason given for boys? absenteeism and drop-out is their involvement in paid or unpaid domestic/agricultural work, whereas for girls the most common reason is the need to care for younger siblings. Some schools have adopted innovative policies to deal with such problems, including flexible hours to reduce seasonal absenteeism, and shift-schooling to enable children with family responsibilities to attend school more often. The report endorses the value of decision-making autonomy at school level, but also emphasises the need for improved standard-setting and resourcing from central government: while the majority of schools in the survey sample had written a school-improvement plan and had drawn up a budget, fewer than half reported having enough funding to implement their plan. The implementation of such plans will be an important test for the effectiveness of the government? s General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP).
Profile of users with tuberculosis in a city of the state of rio grande do sul

Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiologico de usuarios acompanhados pelo servico de referencia em Tuberculose da Secretaria de Saude de um municipio do interior do Rio Grande do Sul entre 1999 a 2008. Metodo: Estudo epidemiologico transversal, com analise descritiva de dados secundarios. Resultados: Foram notificados 977 casos, 646 (66%) eram do sexo masculino, 594 (60,8%) adultos, 732 (74,9%) apresentavam tuberculose pulmonar, 667 (68,3%) resultado negativo para HIV e 783 (80,1%) encerraram o tratamento por cura. A taxa de incidencia e mais expressiva no sexo masculino e essa ocorrencia foi observada em todos os anos do estudo. Conclusao: verificou-se que a Tuberculose acomete principalmente adultos, do sexo masculino, contribuindo para ao aumento da vulnerabilidade na faixa economicamente ativa. Conclui-se que conhecer o perfil epidemiologico pode contribuir para o planejamento de acoes e estrategias, dos profissionais da saude e enfermagem no controle da tuberculose.
Profile of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in patients attending 'SURAKSHA' clinics of Madhya Pradesh

Background: Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) present a huge burden of disease amongst youth in India (approx. 6%). Methods: To study the profile of population affected by STI/RTI and spread amongst both sexes and classify STI according to its various types the present cross sectional study was conducted from Jan 2011 to September 2011. A 12 days training was imparted followed by 3 days refresher training every quarter to counselors. The information was entered in a standardized Computerized Monitoring and Information System format designed by NACO and modified by state AIDS control society on daily basis. Results: There were 1, 22, 000 patients of STI/RTI in designated clinics of the state. Out of which females were 75.49% and males 24.4%. Vaginal Cervical Discharge contributed for 59.94% among the STI/RTI patients. The second major cause of STI/RTI is Lower abdominal pain 20.36%. Genital ulcer (Herpitic) 2%, Non-Herpitic ulcer is 3%. The overall prevalence in MP is 5.95%. Conclusions: STI/RTI is more prevalent in females as compared to males possibly because of certain established biological factors. Vaginal Cervical Discharge remains the commonest presenting complaint in STD OPD’s amongst females followed by Lower Abdominal Pain. Indore, Bhopal, Sagar, Jabalpur and Dewas are amongst the high STI prevalent districts.
First Aid Treatments of Some Common Problems and Diseases

ABSTRACT First Aid is the temporary help given to an injured or a sick person before professional medical treatment can be provided. This timely assistance, comprising of simple medical techniques, is most critical to the victims and is, often, life saving. Some common problems, illness, injury or diseases require the first aid treatment at the acute attack or at uncontrollable condition for that person. Any layperson can be trained to administer first aid, which can be carried out using minimal equipments. Certain self-limiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care past the first aid intervention. It generally consists of a series of simple and in some cases, potentially life-saving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform. The key aim of first aid for common problems is to preserve life, prevent further harm, and to promote recovery of that person. Key words: First aid, common treatments, common diseases
Pesquisa translacional na oftalmologia: o caminho para a medicina personalizada

Scientific research is traditionally divided into two categories: basic research and applied research. Basic research is needed to provide a better understanding of disease, but not directly translating that knowledge into useful clinical application. Translational research would be the advancement of science applied to the development of new diagnostic tests, drugs and or intervention techniques for patients with established understanding of disease development and progression. The main goal of translational research is to integrate advances in biotechnology, clinical trials, boosting the research bench to the bedside. The evolution of translational research in the area of ophthalmology are building a medicine of greater effectiveness in the prevention and treatment individualized form the basic ingredients of the desired personalized medicine. This paper describes the basic concepts of translational research and its application in ophthalmology.
Estandarización del cuestionario para medir las habilidades gerenciales en el sector Turismo (HGT)

El estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer las dimensiones, calcular la confiabilidad y estandarizar el cuestionario de habilidades gerenciales en el sector turismo. Se seleccionaron directivos vinculados a la actividad turística predominando la participación del género masculino (54%), las edades oscilaron entre 37 a 65 años. El cuestionario se sometió a la Prueba de KMO (.875) y Barlett (p=.000), en la cuarta aplicación se logró obtener el valor aceptable; la prueba de Alfa de Cronbach (α=.968) y Dos mitades de Guttman (G=.918) demostraron que el cuestionario es confiable. Finalmente, el instrumento quedó conformado por 31 ítems, las dimensiones son: a) habilidades técnicas se mide a través de los indicadores software, idioma, negociación y decisiones; b) habilidades de trato personal, integrada por los indicadores autocontrol, autoconfianza, equilibrio emocional y empatía; c) habilidades conceptuales compuesta por el desarrollo de nuevos conceptos y resolución de problemas.
Analysis of Spontaneous vs. Vaccine-induced Antibody Responses against Antigens MAGE-A3 and MAGE-C2 in Cancer Patients

Article history: Received 21 December 2009 Received in revised form 9 March 2010 Accepted 11 March 2010 Available online 17 March 2010 Object: In the framework of our current study we set out to develop an optimized assay for the quantification of antigen-specific B cells in different compartments of the human body. Methods: Mononuclear cells (MNC) derived from the peripheral blood, bone marrow (BM), or human tonsils were incubated with different combinations of stimuli. The stimulated cells and culture supernatants were then applied to IgG-ELISPOT and ELISA read-out assays and tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific B cell responses were quantified. Results: We found that a combination of CD40L, CpG, and IL21 was optimal for the induction of TT-specific IgG-producing cells from memory B cell (mBc) precursors. This cocktail of stimuli led to a proliferation-dependent induction of CD19CD38CD138IgD terminally differentiated plasma cells. Applying our optimized methodology we were also able to quantify mBc specific for cytomegalovirus and influenza virus A. Most importantly, the same method proved useful for the comparison of mBc frequencies between different compartments of the body and, accordingly, we were able to demonstrate that TT-specific mBc preferably reside within tonsillar tissue. Conclusion: Here, we optimized an assay for the quantification of antigen-specific B cells in different human tissues demonstrating, for example, that TT-specific mBc preferably reside in human tonsils but not in the BM or the peripheral blood. We suggest that our approach can be used for the enumeration of mBc specific for a wide variety of Ag (microbial, tumor-related, auto-antigens), which will lead to significant improvements regarding our knowledge about the biology of humoral immunity. © 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Local histogram filtering utilizing feature-selective templates

Local histogram filtering utilizing feature selective templates consists of ordering the elements of the subimage histogram contained in the support of a nine element square template translating over the image, rather than ordering the subimage intensity values, as in standard order statistic filtering. Subsequently, the ordered local histogram is constructed from the nonzero subimage histogram elements arranged in descending order. If the subimage value contained in the center of the template support is equivalent to the most frequently occurring subimage intensity, corresponding to the 0th order statistic of the ordered local histogram, the central subimage value is preserved. Alternately, if the central subimage value differs from the most frequency subimage intensity, sequential morphological hit-miss transformations are performed on the subimage employing a subset of 36 feature selective templates specified according to the ordered local histogram element values. The feature selective template hit-miss transformations implement heuristic image smoothness criteria, determining if the central subimage pixel is a component of a valid intensity pattern that is preserved. An unsuccessful hit-miss transformation indicates an invalid intensity pattern, resulting in the modification of the central subimage value to the subimage value corresponding to the 0th order statistic of the ordered local histogram. Consequently, in simulated images consisting of linear, rectangular, circular, and spiral geometric patterns corrupted with uniformly distributed impulsive random noise, the resulting filtered images possess mean absolute errors between 2.0 and 3.9 times less than those of images employing median filtering.
Gender Recognition System Based on Human Face Picture

The paper presents the analysis and discussion of gender recognition based on human face picture. The research combines different features selection techniques with the set of softcomputing classifiers. We are looking for not very complicated, fast and sensitive approach to create the theoretical basis for real safety systems where the correct “on-line” gender recognition is necessary. We start from the already known differences between the female and male face. This is the key point to tune the preprocessing mechanisms. We propose the quite classic classifiers, but we focus on sensible correlation between the feature extraction and the actual classification. The significant set of the results are discussed and the best solutions are pointed. All tests were realised based on the well known base of face pictures with added set of our own collection. The proposed solution can be an essential tool for the monitoring systems, safety guards and systems to point the dangerous situations based on video data.
Importancia nutricional de los pigmentos carotenoides

: Carotenoids are responsible for the colour of a great number of both vegetable and animal foods, such as carrots, orange juice, tomato, salmon and egg yolk. It has been known for many years that some of these compounds, such as alpha and beta-carotene, as well as beta-cryptoxanthin, are provitamins A. However, recent studies have shown the antioxidant properties of these compounds and their efficiency in the prevention of certain human diseases, such as atherosclerosis or cancer. Because of all this, the interest in these compounds has increased substantially from a nutritional point of view.
Morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas a medicamentos no Brasil: revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais

Este estudo avaliou a morbimortalidade relacionada a medicamentos no Brasil, sua prevalencia, grupos farmacologicos e fatores de risco. Foi realizada uma revisao sistematica de estudos observacionais publicados ate agosto de 2012, sem restricao de data de inicio, nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, Scielo, Embase, IPA, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados estudos nacionais avaliando a ocorrencia de qualquer tipo de dano ocasionado por medicamento. Foram incluidos 45 estudos. A maior prevalencia de evento adverso a medicamento foi observada em hospitais, em adultos e idosos, variando de 15,6% a 34,1%. Nas creches, 19,9% das criancas sofreram alguma reacao adversa. Em servicos de emergencia, 25% dos adultos ou idosos sofreram dano relacionado a falha terapeutica. Medicamentos atuantes no sistema nervoso central foi o principal grupo farmacologico envolvido. Os principais fatores de risco foram idade, presenca de comorbidades e uso de > 5 medicamentos. Os resultados encontrados sao alarmantes e demonstram a necessidade da avaliacao e estratificacao de risco populacional, acoes preventivas e de intervencao precoce que possam reduzir o impacto da morbimortalidade relacionada a medicamentos no Brasil. Palavras-Chave: Efeitos adversos. Reacoes adversas a medicamentos. Toxicidade de medicamentos. Uso de medicamentos. Revisao sistematica. ABSTRACT Drug-related morbidity and mortality in Brazil: a systematic review of observational studies This study evaluated the drug-related morbidity and mortality in Brazil, its prevalence, the pharmacological groups and risk factors associated. We performed a systematic review of observational studies published up to August 2012, without restriction start date, in the databases Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, EMBASE, IPA, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. Were selected national studies evaluating the occurrence of any damage caused by medications. We included 45 studies. The highest prevalence of adverse drug events was observed in hospitals for adults and elderly, ranging from 15.6% to 34.1%. In nurseries, 19.9% of the children suffered some adverse drug reaction. In emergency departments, 25% of adults and elderly suffered harm related to therapeutic failure. Medications acting on the central nervous system were the main pharmacological group involved. The main risk factors were age, comorbidities and use of more than 5 medications. The results are alarming and demonstrate the need for screening and medication risk stratification in the population, and preventive or early interventions that can reduce the impact of drug-related morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Keywords: Adverse effects. Adverse drug reactions. Drug Toxicity. Drug Utilization. Systematic review.
O PERFIL DO ACADÊMICO DE ENFERMAGEM EM UMA FACULDADE PRIVADA DA CIDADE DE CURITIBA THE NURSING ACADEMIC PROFILE IN A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY FROM CURITIBA CITY EL PERFIL ACADÉMICO DE LA ENFERMERÍA EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE LA CIUDAD DE CURITIBA

Exploratory descriptive study aimed at mapping the profile of academic nursing of a private faculty from Curtiba city. Participated in the survey of 158 undergraduate nursing students who answered a questionnaire with closed questions on general data, reasons for choice of current and future claims as a professional. Most are female, over 30 years of age, already operates in the area as a nursing assistant or technician and come from public schools. Most students chose the course because they like the profession and has great interest in continuing their studies after graduation, in care, especially obstetrics, intensive care unit and public health. Students have less interest in the area of research and value more the need for specialization to a Masters or PhD, which *Enfermeira, Doutoranda em Ciencias Medicas pela Universidade Federal do Ceara UFC, Mestre em Enfermagem pela UFC e Professora da Disciplina de Processo de Cuidar I das Faculdades Integradas do Brasil. E-mail: janaina.vall@ unibrasil.com. br. **Academicas do 5o periodo do Curso de Graduacao em Enfermagem das Faculdades Integradas do Brasil – Unibrasil. Alunas da Iniciacao Cientifica.
Studies on the Flexor Reflex.--IV. After-Discharge

In many preparations the flexor reflex elicited by the application of a moderately strong break-shock to an ipselateral afferent nerve has an after-discharge following the initial reflex discharge, even when the strength of the break-shock it such that it sets up no more than a single centripetal volley (Sherrington, 1921, a ; 1921, b ; Adrian and Forbes, 1922). The prolonged excitatory condition which must occur at some part of the central reflex pathway clearly has some affinity to the persistence of the c. e. s. which forms the basis of facilitation (Eccles and Sherrington, 1930). It is of interest therefore to investigate the effect of an antidromic volley on after-discharge. It must, however, be remembered that an antidromic volley set up during an after-discharge will be prevented from reaching some motoneurones by meeting centrifugal (reflex) impulses. Denny-Brown (1929, p. 273) observed that an antidromic volley set up during the after-discharge of either a flexor or extensor reflex (in response to a tetanic stimulation) was followed by a period of quiescence owing to a temporary lapse of the after-discharge. The duration of this period seemed to be too long for a central refractory period set up by the antidromic volley, so he suggested that there might be a temporary exhaustion of the central exciting agent (c. e. s.). II. Method. The general technique is as described previously (Eccles and Sherrington, 1931, a ). In all cases the muscle (tibialis anticus) has been completely deafferented. Tetanic stimuli have been provided by a neon-tube oscillator.
Association Between Inter-Recti Distance and Impaired Abdominal Core Function in Post-Partum Women With Diastasis Recti Abdominis

Background and Aim: The definition and management of Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA) is under debate. This study aimed to understand the correlation between the post-partum inter-recti distance (IRD) and functional impairments associated with core instability, with the hypothesis that IRD could serve as a proxy for core instability symptoms and constitute a tool in decision-making for DRA treatment. Material and Methods: A cohort of post-partum women with abdominal core instability symptoms combined with DRA were studied. The size of IRD was measured with ultrasonography and cross-sectionally analysed against functional impairments registered with the self-report Disability Rating Index (DRI), which grades the ability to perform 12 different daily activities. Results: A total of 224 women were included in the study. In univariable analysis, IRD was associated with impairment of the activities running (p = 0.007), heavy work (p = 0.036) and exercise/sports (p = 0.047), but not with dressing, walking, sitting for long periods, standing bent over a sink, carrying a suitcase, making a bed, light manual labour or heavy lifting. No significant correlations were seen in the multivariable analysis when adjustments were made for BMI and parity. Conclusion: IRD and post-partum functional impairments had no significant correlation in multivariable analysis. The post-partum core instability condition is complex and probably associated with more factors than solely the IRD. The IRD alone does not seem to be a sufficient proxy for decision-making regarding optimal treatment. A more complete instrument to assess the post-partum abdominal core is warranted.
The Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study: A Profile of a Cohort Study to Examine the Childhood Influences on Adult Cardiovascular Health

We usually think of cardiovascular disease as a disease of the elderly; however, evidence suggests that it may have its origins in childhood. To determine whether interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease should begin in childhood we need good quality data on how biological and behavioural cardiovascular risk factors in childhood are related to cardiovascular health in adulthood. The Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) study is one of few studies in the world with such data. CDAH comprises a cohort of young adults who originally participated in the Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey in 1985 when they were aged 7 to 15 years. In this paper we present the history of this study, detail the methods used at baseline and at the first follow-up, and give an overview of some key findings that relate to cardiovascular health in young adults.