Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rôle des rétrovirus endogènes humains dans l'inflammation de l'endothélium vasculaire

Le MSRV (Multiple Sclerosis Associated Retro Virus) fait partie de la famille de retrovirus endogenes humains HERV-W. Une proteine d'enveloppe provenant du MSRV est retrouvee chez la plupart des patients atteints de sclerose en plaque (SEP). Cette proteine (Env-ms) a des proprietes pro-inflammatoires sur les cellules immunitaires et pourrait donc jouer un role dans la pathogenese de la SEP en exacerbant la diapedese leucocytaire observee dans le systeme nerveux central (SNC) des patients. Cette etude vise principalement a analyser les effets de Env-ms sur la barriere hemato-encephalique (BHE) au niveau moleculaire et fonctionnel. Nous avons pu demontrer que l'enveloppe recombinante du MSRV etait capable de stimuler plusieurs parametres inflammatoires sur un modele humain de BHE in vitro, la lignee HCMEC/D3. En effet, Env-ms induit une surexpression d'ICAM-1, une proteine impliquee dans l'adhesion des leucocytes aux cellules endotheliales, d'une maniere dose dependante ainsi qu'une production dose dependante de cytokines pro-inflammatoires comme l'IL-6 et l'IL-8. De plus, par une approche utilisant des siRNAs, nous avons pu montrer que Env-ms etait reconnue par le recepteur TLR4, un recepteur de l'immunite innee exprime par les cellules endotheliales. Nous avons aussi montre par des essais fonctionnels que Env-ms stimulait de maniere significative l'adhesion de cellules immunitaires activees a la monocouche de cellules endotheliales. Enfin, nous avons aussi mesure les effets de Env-ms sur des cultures primaires de cellules endotheliales HUVEC et nous avons pu montrer que les proprietes pro-inflammatoires de la proteine d'enveloppe etaient similaires a celles observees sur le modele HCMEC/D3 Ces resultats appuient l'hypothese selon laquelle le MSRV pourrait etre implique dans la pathogenese de la SEP ou bien dans le maintien d'un niveau d'inflammation eleve favorisant le desordre immunitaire observe chez les patients. Le MSRV pourrait egalement jouer un role dans d'autres maladies inflammatoires chroniques.
The Complete Genome Sequence of Two Isolates of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus, a New Member of the Genus Fijivirus

The nucleotide sequences of genomic segments S1-S8 and S1-S6, respectively, of the Hainan (HN) and Guangdong (GD) isolates of a rice-infecting fijivirus were determined, completing the genome sequences of these isolates. The isolates were most closely related to Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV): S1, S2 and S10 were most conserved with identities of 78.5-79.2% nt (83.4-89.0% aa) while S5 and S6 were the least conserved with 70.6-71.6% nt (63.1-69.9% aa) identity. Whole genome comparisons and phylogenetic analyses supported suggestions that the isolates represent a new species within the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae. Of the two names previously suggested for this virus, Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus is preferred.
Proces biogenezy cytochromów c w komórkach bakteryjnych – rola białek Dsb (disulfide bond)

The bacterial proteins of the Dsb family catalyze the formation of disulfide bridges, a post-translational modification of many extracytoplasmic proteins, leading to stabilization of their tertiary and quaternary structures. In Gram-negative bacteria this process takes place in the periplasm whereas in Gram-positive bacteria it occurs in the analogous space between the cytoplasmic membrane and the cell wall. In E. coli (Ec) the Dsb system operates in two partially coinciding metabolic pathways: the oxidation (DsbA and DsbB) and the isomerization/reduction (DsbC and DsbD). In the highly oxidizing environment of the periplasm, there is also a need for selected proteins to be kept in a reduced form. Assembly of c-type cytochromes, essential for energy metabolism, is a case of point. Two distinct different systems for cytochrome-c maturation was found in bacteria: system I known as Ccm (cytochrome c maturation) and system II known as Ccs system (cytochrome c synthesis). They comprise two kind of proteins: those contributing to transport and reduction of disulfide bond of CXXCH of apocytochrome c and those involved in handling of heme and playing a role in its ligation to the apocytochrome. The cytochrome c maturation process requires ligation of heme to reduced thiols of the Cys-X-X-Cys-His motif of the apocytochrome. Since DsbA, the main periplasmic dithiol-oxidase randomly introduces disulfide bonds into apocytochromes, bacterial evolved a special redox system to revert these disulfides, in highly oxidizing environment, into reduced cysteine residues. Thiol-oxidoreductases, CcmG proteins, previously designated as DsbE, play a key role in this process. Here we discuss the variety of two cytochrome c biogenesis systems and discuss some of the current problems in understanding how the process works putting special emphasis on the recent achievements concerning the process driving by CcmGs. 1. Dsb proteins. 2. Diversity of cytochrome c biogenesis. 2.1 Transport and reduction of apocytochrome c. 2.2 Heme translocation and ligation into reduced apocytochrome. 3. Conclusions Słowa kluczowe: cytochrom c, system I, system II, białka Dsb
Three Phase Resolution Transmitarray Element for Electronically Reconfigurable Transmitarrays

Electrical beam scanning is a feature enabling an antenna array to electrically control its main beam toward a desired direction. In this paper, a three-phase state element for electronically reconfigurable transmitarrays is presented. The element is made up of C-patches and modified ring slots loaded rectangular gaps. By controlling the bias state of four p-i-n diodes, three phase states are obtained. The dimension of the element is optimized by using full-wave EM simulation and performance of the element is validated by both simulation and an experimental waveguide system. A transmitarray consisting of 12×12 elements has been simulated to validate the steering capabilities. Experimental results indicate the element has good characteristics and excellent phase change capabilities.
The Metaphorical Representation of Brexit in Digital Political Cartoons

Britain's withdrawal from the European Union (“Brexit”) in June 2016 has been one of the biggest issues in British politics and has received wide media coverage because of its consequences for both the UK and the European Union. This article explores the visual representation of Brexit in political cartooning through the analysis of a corpus of digital cartoons. The analysis yields two findings: (1) Brexit is shaped on the basis of a set of metaphors that can be subsumed within metaphor scenarios—the family scenario or the journey scenario; (2) the metaphors used to conceptualize this issue are used either to provide a justification for Brexit or evaluate UK's withdrawal from the EU positively or negatively.
A Study of Removal Property of Harmful Algal Blooms by Hwangto and Oriental Mineral Medicines

This study was carried out to find a new material having high removal efficiency for the harmful red tide. C. polykrikoides grow very fast and accumulate into dense and visible patches near the surface of the seawater ('Water bloom'). Some mineral medicines and Hwangto (reddish soil consist of clay minerals and Fe-oxides) were used in this study to remove C. polykrikoides. The pre-determined sprinkling ratio of mineral vs. seawater which contains approximately 5,000 cells/mL of C. polykrikoides was 10 g/L. In order to quantify the removal efficiency, the density of living cells was measured by counting with the Intervals of 0, 10, 30, and 60 minutes after sprinkling. Five Hwangtos feom different localities were examined in this study. It is found that a material with a high concentration of Fe and Al was the most effective to remove C. polykrikoides. After the sprinkling of the Hwangto showing the best removal efficiency in the test, 99% of total algaes were found to be eliminated within 60 minutes. Jeokeokji showed the highest removal efficiency among clay mineral medicines(92% removal efficiency after 60 minutes), and the rests in decreasing order are as follows: Gamto (91%) > Baekseokji (89%) > Hydromica (81%). In addition, Fe-oxide mineral medicine similarly looking as fine-grained earthy Daejaseok showed 100% removal efficiencyafter 30 minutes, and Wooyoeryang, 95% after 60 minutes. It is noted that even little addition (1 g/L) of Daejaseok, 10% of Hwangto concentration into seawater showed the removal efficiency of 100% after 60 minutes. From the results, it could be concluded that the fine-grained earthy Daejaseok was the most effective natural mineral medicine to remove the C. polykrikoides from seawater. Under the microscope the removal mechanism was found to be activated in the following order: adsorption, swelling of chain colony, chain colony crisis and algaecide.
Assess the effectiveness of oral versus parenteral antibiotics in children under five years of age, diagnosed with severe pneumonia in a private teaching hospital, Telangana state

Introduction: The most significant and striking feature of pneumonia is consolidation. Pneumonia continues to be the biggest killer disease globally, of less than five years children. Pneumonia accounts for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old, killing 8, 08694 children in 2017.Methodology: Hospital based prospective observational comparative study. This study was conducted in the department of paediatrics, RVM institute of medical sciences and research canter. This study was approved by the RVM institutional ethical committee prior to the study. The study was conducted between the months of September 2019 to January 2020.100 children who are diagnosed with severe pneumonia were included in this the study.Results: A total of 100 children have been enrolled in the present study. Among them 56 (56%) are Males and 44 (44%) are Females. Male: female ratio was 1.3: 0.8. Treatment Failure rate in oral amoxicillin group is 24% and in Inj.ampicillin plus Amikacin (parenteral) group is 16%. The difference in treatment outcome in the two groups is not statistically significant. (p = 1.0000, p = 0.3173). Conclusion: Proper training of care givers and treating clinicians to promptly recognize the danger signs of very severe pneumonia, one can safely treat the patients with severe pneumonia with oral Amoxicillin.
Uma abordagem baseada em letras para a descoberta de conhecimento da música brasileira: o sertanejo como um estudo de caso

Técnicas computacionais podem ser usadas para identificar tendências e padrões musicais, ajudando as pessoas a filtrar e selecionar músicas de acordo com suas preferências. Nesse cenário, pesquisas afirmam que o futuro da música permeia a inteligência artificial, que desempenhará o papel de compor músicas que melhor atendam aos gostos dos consumidores. Portanto, extrair padrões desses dados é fundamental e pode contribuir para o ecossistema da indústria da música. Essas técnicas são bem conhecidas no campo da recuperação de informações musicais. Eles consistem na extração das características de áudio (conteúdo) ou letra (contexto), sendo o último preferível por exigir menor custo computacional e apresentar melhores resultados. No entanto, ao observar o estado da arte, verificou-se a falta de antecedentes que investiguem a extração de padrões musicais brasileiros por meio de letras. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é preencher essa lacuna por meio de técnicas de mineração de texto, analisando a classificação das músicas nos subgêneros do sertanejo. Essa análise é baseada em letras e extração de conhecimento para explicar como os subgêneros diferem.
Exposure of zebrafish to brominated environmental chemicals

Fish reproduction and embryonic development may be sensitive to environmental chemicals. This thesis investigated effects of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) on reproduction and early life-stage development in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Most of these compounds are highly hydrophobic, hence it was hypothesized that important routes of exposure are dietary uptake and maternal transfer. Adult zebrafish were exposed to feed spiked with a mixture of structurally diverse BFRs to investigate accumulation from feed, maternal transfer, and effects on reproduction and early life-stage development. One of the compounds in the BFR mixture, i.e. 2,4,6-tribromophenol, was tested separately. The BFRs were also tested individually in an embryo toxicity test, to screen for effects of waterborne BFRs on early life stages. To investigate effects of PBDDs on reproduction, early life-stage development, and on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway, adult zebrafish were exposed to feed spiked with 2,3,7,8-tetraBDD (TBDD), or a mixture of PBDDs that was designed to reflect relative concentrations found in Baltic Sea biota. Most brominated chemicals exposed via feed were detected in females and in their offspring. Ovarian morphology was altered in all studies, and the PBDDs induced AHR-regulated genes and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity. Effects on early life-stage development were seen after parental and water exposure, although at concentrations generally higher than in the environment. However, compared to several other fish species, zebrafish have a relatively low sensitivity to AHR agonists regarding effects on early life stages. To be able to evaluate the risk of PBDDs for fish in the Baltic Sea, future studies should focus on fish species native in the Baltic Sea. Overall, the results suggest that maternal transfer is an important exposure route for several brominated environmental chemicals, and that these compounds may interfere with reproduction and early life-stage development in fish.
Shedding of An Eddy From the Seaward Front of the Agulhas Current

The important role of mesoscale features in the circulation dynamics of the South Indian Ocean has been demonstrated by numerous oceanographic investigations over the last few years. These features include Agulhas rings, shear edge features of the landward side of the Agulhas Current, eddies shed across the Subtropical Convergence and eddies found in the vicinity of the Mozambique ridge. To this collection a new feature may now be added. We report here observations of an extensive warm eddy east of the southern Agulhas Current. It was observed to be shed from the seaward front of the Agulhas Current, a mesoscale process that has not been observed before.
An Examination of Foodborne Outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis in the United States, 1973-2008

Ashton Potter Wright An examination of foodborne outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis in the United States, 1973-2008 (Under the direction of Dr. Richard Rothenberg, faculty member) Salmonella is a common enteric pathogen and is the most frequently reported bacterial infection in the United States. The two most commonly reported serotypes causing human illness in the United States are Salmonella serotype Typhimurium and Salmonella serotype Enteritidis (SE). The incidence and number of foodborne outbreaks of SE started to increase in the 1970s and by 1994, SE was the most common Salmonella serotype reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). SE has been most commonly associated with consumption of shell eggs. Outbreak reports were obtained from the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) and analyzed. The number of outbreaks of SE has declined by 67% since 1990, likely as a result of the combined effect of on-farm interventions, public health policies, and food safety education messages. In addition to the decline in SE outbreaks, study findings demonstrate that there have been changes in the geographical distribution of SE outbreaks in the US. “Simple egg” foods and retail food settings have been the most commonly and consistently associated vehicles and food consumption and preparation settings with SE outbreaks in the US from 1973 to 2008.
The Effect of Coniferous Forest Age on Some Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in a Semiarid Ecosystem

Soil organic C content in forested areas creates a greater attention for carbon sequestration and removal of atmospheric CO2 back into soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different age of pine forest (Pinus nigra) plantation on soil organic C content and some biological carbon fractions in a semiarid ecosystem of northern Turkey. Soil samples were taken from 0 – 5, 5 – 15, and 15 – 30 cm depths of different age (7, 14, and 40 years) of adjacent forested area with three replications. Soil organic C content significantly increased in 14yr forested area compared to 7 and 40yrs forested areas (p<0.05). Similarly, mineralize C content was greater in 14yr forest up to 15 cm depth. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) varied depending on forest age and the greatest MBC was observed in 7yr forest at 0 – 5 cm and 15 – 30 cm depths. The greater soil organic C in 14yr forest could be the effect of both pine forest and arable plants compared to 40yr forest where the high intensity of tree covers inhibits arable plant growth. Most of the organic materials in pine forest stay as litter debris on the soil surface and the lower amount of organic C could be transferred in mineral soils.
Mesoporous nickel oxide nanostructures: influences of crystalline defects and morphological features on mediator-free electrochemical monosaccharide sensor application

Morphological and surface features are the key tools used to tune the catalytic performance of any metal oxide. In the present study, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) with three different morphologies were prepared using a simple hydrothermal method. The electrocatalytic performance of the prepared NiO NPs was evaluated with regard to the detection of monosaccharide glucose. The physicochemical properties of prepared NiO nanostructures were confirmed using different conventional characterization techniques. The flower-like morphological NiO NPs with nanosized petals have a high surface area and a more defective surface, resulting in improved heterogeneous catalytic activity compared to hexagonal and spherical morphological NiO NPs in glucose oxidation. The anionic and cationic vacancies on the mesoporous surface of NiO nanopetals endorsed an enhanced charge transfer efficiency compared to other NiO morphologies. The effect of scan rate, confirmed by cyclic voltammetry analysis, ensured the diffusion-controlled quasi-reversible electrochemical reaction between surface-modified electrodes and analyte. The NiO petals showed a wide linear detection range (100 nmol L−1–12 mmol L−1) and a lower detection limit of 57 nmol L−1. In addition, the anti-interference ability, repeatability, stability and real sample analysis further affirmed the enhanced catalytic features of NiO nanopetals. The results showed that defective surfaces and surface features of the NiO nanostructures could be used to tune their overall sensor performance in future applications.
Seed maturation and effect of temperature regime on Trema micrantha (L.) Blume seed germination

T. micrantha (L.) Blume (Ulmaceae), a common pioneer tree species in Brazil, is used in the restoration of degraded areas. The fruits are fleshy and indehiscent, with only one water impermeable seed. During the fruiting period, fruits of different colours are found at the same time on the same branch. This research aimed to correlate fruit colour with other physical indicators of seed maturity and to verify the effect of temperature regime on seed germination. Collected fruits were separated in to green, green-red and red colour and for each of these maturation stages, size, moisture content and dry matter of both fruits and seeds were determined. Seeds were scarified with sulphuric acid and submitted to a germination test conducted at constant (20°C, 30°C and 40°C) and alternating (20-30°C, 30-40°C and 20-40°C) temperatures for 15 weeks. Seed germination percentage, and speed were analysed after five weeks and the final percentage of germinated and viable seeds after 15 weeks. Seed maturity is attained when the fruits are green-red. At this stage, moisture content was about 64% for fruits and 10% for seeds. Alternating temperature was required for seed germination and 20-30°C was the best option. Most seeds had germinated after five weeks, providing mature seeds, acid scarification and alternating temperature were used.
EL GÉNERO ALSTROEMERIA (ALSTROEMERIACEAE) EN ARGENTINA.

The Argentine species of Alstroemeria L. are studied and a brief nomenclatural history of the genera is given. The taxonomic treatment includes keys to species, descriptions, synonyms, illustrations, ecological observations and distribution maps. At present, 10 taxa are recognized and treated for Argentina: Alstroemeria andina Phil. subsp. venustula Ehr. Bayer, A. apertiflora Baker, A. aurea Graham, A. bakeri Pax, A. isabellana Herb. , A. patagonica Phil., A. presliana Herb. , A. pseudospathulata Ehr. Bayer, A. psittacina Lehm. and A. pygmaea Herb. The probable occurrence in our country of A. spathulata C. Presl and A. pallida Graham is pointed out. A. inodora Herb. is a new synonym of A. psittacina Lehm. A. bakeri and the name A. hassleriana are here lectotypified. Morphological data of taxonomical value are discussed. The most important interespecific differences are found in the floral characters. The presence or absence of resupination in the leaf, the plant height and the characteristics of the inflorescence are also of importance.
A geração de conhecimento e as inovações sócio-organizativas da agricultura familiar: O caso de Dom Feliciano, RS

Dom Feliciano e um municipio brasileiro localizado na regiao Centro-Sul do estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Cerca de 90% da sua populacao sao descendentes de poloneses, e pela sua estrutura populacional e socioeconomica trata-se de um territorio rural que possui nas atividades agropecuarias, entre elas o tabaco, contribuicoes importantes ao PIB municipal. No ano 2000 a realidade local se manifestava complexa, atraves de algumas medicoes socioeconomicas que colocavam o municipio nas ultimas posicoes do desenvolvimento socioeconomico estadual. No meio dessa conjuntura, a genese de um processo social comeca a se constituir a partir de um exercicio de Planejamento Participativo Municipal (PPM) levado ao municipio por articuladores da Emater/RS, em 2001. O objetivo do presente trabalho e analisar a geracao de conhecimento e a construcao de inovacoes sociais da agricultura familiar em Dom Feliciano ao longo das duas decadas do seculo XXI. Este trabalho e abordado mediante uma metodologia qualitativa e e baseado num estudo de caso que usa ferramentas de pesquisa etnografica, apoiando-se na Perspectiva Orientada ao Ator (POA) como referencial teorico-analitico. Foi possivel documentar a construcao de alguns dispositivos sociais, na forma do Conselho Municipal de Desenvolvimento Rural (CMDR) e do Plano Municipal de Desenvolvimento Rural (PMDR), que se revelaram inovacoes, donde a participacao de diversos atores e associacoes comunitarias promoveram a formacao de capital social e de acoes organizativas como a Cooperativa Agropecuaria Centro-Sul (Coopacs), articulando e materializando as demandas e necessidades comunitarias em torno a uma ideia propria de desenvolvimento local e com autonomia dos atores.