Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analyses of Pain, Depressed Mood and Sleep Disturbance Symptoms in Women before and after Hysterectomy

Hysterectomy affects several aspects of a woman’s health, and persons considering a surgery should be aware of its effectiveness for relief of symptoms and long term effects on quality of life. The aims of the study were to examine pain, depressed mood, and sleep disturbance symptoms of women before and six weeks after hysterectomy; compare the physiological and social variables related to the symptoms, and examine the levels of symptom severity between abdominal vs vaginal hysterectomy. A pre and post measures study collected data from a prospective sample of 26 of the 36 culturally diverse women who were scheduled for hysterectomy using subjective questionnaires and objective wrist actigraphy monitoring for sleep and wake time. Results indicated that the majority of participants reported moderate amounts of pain before surgery however an average pain score did not vary over time. Depressed mood scores in women with laparoscopic vaginal hysterectomy significantly decreased from the baseline to six weeks after surgery, showing less severity of depression after surgery. Compared to the baseline measures, wrist actigraphy recordings showed increases in the numbers of awakening, wake after sleep onset and day time sleep during six weeks after surgery indicating that women had more sleep disturbance postoperatively. However, compared to women who had the abdominal surgery, those with vaginal hysterectomy reported a significantly severe sleep disturbance at six weeks after surgery; and younger women experienced more wake time at night. Evidence based findings indicated that hysterectomy relieved pain however women continued to experience disturbed sleep patterns six weeks after surgery, suggesting further research is needed in light of women’s health. with current and latent sleep disturbances (r = 0.60, r = 0.44, p < 0.01). Current sleep disturbance was correlated with the latent sleep disturbance (r = 0.78, p < 0.05). Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSQI) was also negatively related to age (r = -0.47, p <.002), and positively correlated with depressed mood (r = 0.65, p <.01). There were no statistically significant relationships between the pain and other covariables over time in this sample.
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series LNG 2014-1397

This paper aims to investigate the degree of word-final devoicing in Persian (Farsi). 9 word pairs were chosen with each word consisting of one syllable. Each word has the structure CVC, and in every pair only the phoneme for final C changes in underlying voicing and the initial CV remains unchanged. Pairs were chosen in a way to include all Persian voiced and voiceless plosives: /p , b/, /t , d/ , /k , g/, and also all three Persian long vowels: / i: / , / u: / , / ɑ: /. Words were pronounced by 4 Persian native speakers, 2 males and 2 females, and were recorded using Praat software. Acoustic analysis focused on different measures, like: F0, F1, F2, F3, COG, VOT and duration. Results showed the absence of complete neutralization of underlying voice in this environment in Persian.
Analysis of the Relationship between Immune Dysfunction and Symptom Severity in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)

Objective: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a disabling illness, characterised by persistent, debilitating fatigue and a multitude of symptoms. Immunological alterations are prominent in CFS/ME cases, however little is known about the relationship between CFS/ME severity and the extent of immunological dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to assess innate and adaptive immune cell phenotypes and function of two groups of CFS/ME patients, bedridden (severe) and mobile (moderate). Methods: CFS/ME participants were defined using the Centres for Disease Prevention and Control (1994 CDC) Criteria for CFS/ME. Participants were grouped into healthy controls (n=22, age=40.14 ± 2.38), moderate/ mobile (n=23; age=42.52 ± 2.63) and severe/bedridden (n=18; age=39.56 ± 1.51) CFS/ME patients. Flow cytometric protocols were used to examine neutrophil, monocyte, dendritic cells (DCs), iNKT, Treg, B, γδ and CD8+ T cell phenotypes, NK cytotoxic activity and receptors. Results: The present data found that CFS/ME patients demonstrated significant decreases in NK cytotoxic activity, transitional and regulatory B cells, γδ1T cells, KIR2DL1/DS1, CD94+ and KIR2DL2/L3. Significant increases in CD56-CD16+NKs, CD56dimCD16- and CD56brightCD16-/dim NKs, DCs, iNKT phenotypes, memory and naive B cells were also shown in CFS/ME participants. Severe CFS/ME patients demonstrated increased CD14-CD16+ DCs, memory and naive B cells, total iNKT, iNKT cell and NK phenotypes compared to moderate CFS/ME patients. Conclusion: This study is the first to determine alterations in NK, iNKT, B, DC and γδ T cell phenotypes in both moderate and severe CFS/ME patients. Immunological alterations are present in innate and adaptive immune cells and sometimes, immune deregulation appears worse in CFS/ME patients with more severe symptoms. It may be appropriate for CFS/ME patient severity subgroups to be distinguished in both clinical and research settings to extricate further immunological pathologies that may not have been previously reported.
Dynamic Behaviour of Polycarbonate/Polyurethane Multi-Layer for Transparent Armor

L'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier le comportement dynamique des feuilletages de Polycarbonate (PC)/Polyurethanne (PU) utilises en face arriere de concept de blindages legers transparents bicouche. En effet, le dimensionnement de ces concepts et leur optimisation passe par une determination et comprehension du comportement non seulement du feuilletage, mais aussi de chacun des constituants (PC et PU). Ainsi apres avoir adapte des essais dynamiques de compression et teste diverses configurations, il apparait que l'etat de precontrainte multi-axiale du PU modifie considerablement son comportement et celui de l'assemblage. Une approche numerique menee a l'aide d'un code monodimensionnel en differences finies permet d'analyser plus finement la reponse de l'ensemble.
The Effectiveness of Prolonged-Release Melatonin in Primary Insomnia Patients with a Regular Sleep-Wake Cycle

The prevalence of both insomnia1 and sleeping pill use2 increases with age. The elderly population shows a decreased sleep efficiency and percentage of slow-wave sleep. In addition, any medical or psychiatric illness, circadian rhythm disruption, decreased physical activity, or medication used to treat illness can cause sleep disturbance in elderly people.3 Melatonin influences the sleep-wake cycle,4 sleep quality,5 and slow-wave sleep,6 and the nocturnal melatonin peak declines in elderly persons.7 Thus, exogenous melatonin therapy has been considered to be of benefit in promoting sleep in older patients.8,9 Recently, a prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (PRM) was approved for the treatment of insomnia patients aged ≥ 55 years in South Korea. Patients are recommended to take PRM 1–2 hours before bedtime.10 When administered orally, the melatonin levels during the subsequent 8–10 hours can mimic the physiological profile of endogenous melatonin11 without impairing daytime psychomotor performance.12 However, recent studies of the effectiveness of PRM revealed a slightly lower response rate of 26–47%. 11,13 A strict definition of a response, over a 10-mm improvement in the mean “quality of sleep” and “behavioral integrity the following morning” domains of the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire,14 might have decreased the response rate. However, we also need to consider that the subjects’ sleep-wake cycle might have influenced the results of these studies. For insomnia treatment, a set sleep-wake cycle is important and is one of the major components of cognitive behavioral therapy15 for insomnia. In particular, we previously reported that sleeping pill administration time may influence patient satisfaction with their sleeping pills.16 The administration time of the hypnotic agent Received: April 30, 2016 Revised: June 2, 2016 Accepted: June 7, 2016
Specie – treatment – adhesive combinations for glulam purpose

Glued laminated timber is an engineered product that requires precision manufacturing in all its stages. The finished product can only be tested in laboratory conditions. However, it is necessary to have quality control in the production to ensure that the properties of the glulam are appropriate to the product specified requirements in accordance with the standards. In Brazil is still no specific standard of qualification for the manufactures of Glulam. In this context, different kinds of wood, adhesives and preservative treatments in the composition of Glulam can be used. This paper aims to evaluate the proposed trials conducted with combinations of four Brazilian reforestation species, three adhesives and three types of preservative treatment. As a result was observed that combinations, which showed the best performance, were pine and parica wood, with any type of adhesive or treatment investigated, which can be used in exterior applications. Lyptus ® wood for any combination of treatments falls into the internal use class. Teak wood can be used indoors (adhesive polyurethane and all kinds of treatment) or external (phenol resorcinol formaldehyde adhesive and all kinds of treatment).
Spatial match–mismatch in the Benguela upwelling zone: should we expect chlorophyll and sea-surface temperature to predict marine predator distributions?

Summary 1 Remote-sensing measurements of marine primary productivity are widely used to predict the distribution and movements of marine top predators, despite the fact that predators do not feed directly on phytoplankton but several trophic levels higher up the food chain. 2 To test for potential links between primary productivity and top-predator feeding hotspots, we assessed spatial match–mismatch across four trophic levels of the Benguela upwelling zone (south-east Atlantic). The food chain studied consisted of phytoplankton, zooplankton (copepods), pelagic fish (anchovies and sardines) and two top predators (Cape gannets Morus capensis and human fisheries). 3 Remote-sensing data of sea-surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll_a concentration were used as indices of phytoplankton abundance throughout the study area. Copepod biomass and pelagic fish density were determined during at-sea surveys in the South African section of the Benguela using net tows and hydro-acoustics, respectively. Seabird (Cape gannet) home ranges and foraging zones were assessed from two Namibian breeding colonies (Mercury and Ichaboe) and two South African colonies (Lambert's Bay and Malgas) using global positioning system (GPS) tracking. Industrial fishing for anchovies and sardines was investigated using South African landing statistics and logbooks. 4 Our spatial analyses revealed a strong match of seabird at-sea habitat and zones of high primary productivity throughout the southern Benguela. Conversely, there was a marked spatial mismatch between copepods and pelagic fish, as well as between pelagic fish, seabirds and human fisheries: copepods were present in the southern Benguela but pelagic fish usually feeding upon them were located further east (Indian Ocean), outside of the Benguela sensu stricto. Consequently, the majority of these pelagic fish were out of reach for seabirds and fisheries confined to the southern Benguela. 5 Synthesis and applications. Our study demonstrates the impact of an ecosystem shift across one of the world's most productive marine ecosystems and highlights the limitations of using remote-sensed patterns of primary productivity to interpret the foraging behaviour of marine top predators. These findings underline the importance of a better knowledge of food web spatial dynamics to support ecosystem-based fisheries management and the conservation of marine top predators.
Optimal approximating Markov chains for Bayesian inference

The Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is the dominant paradigm for posterior computation in Bayesian analysis. It is common to control computation time by making approximations to the Markov transition kernel. Comparatively little attention has been paid to computational optimality in these approximating Markov Chains, or when such approximations are justified relative to obtaining shorter paths from the exact kernel. We give simple, sharp bounds for uniform approximations of uniformly mixing Markov chains. We then suggest a notion of optimality that incorporates computation time and approximation error, and use our bounds to make generalizations about properties of good approximations in the uniformly mixing setting. The relevance of these properties is demonstrated in applications to a minibatching-based approximate MCMC algorithm for large $n$ logistic regression and low-rank approximations for Gaussian processes.
The height of piecewise-testable languages and the complexity of the logic of subwords

The height of a piecewise-testable language $L$ is the maximum length of the words needed to define $L$ by excluding and requiring given subwords. The height of $L$ is an important descriptive complexity measure that has not yet been investigated in a systematic way. This article develops a series of new techniques for bounding the height of finite languages and of languages obtained by taking closures by subwords, superwords and related operations. As an application of these results, we show that $\mathsf{FO}^2(A^*,\sqsubseteq)$, the two-variable fragment of the first-order logic of sequences with the subword ordering, can only express piecewise-testable properties and has elementary complexity.
Upper bounds of eavesdropper’s performances in finite-length code with the decoy method

Security formulas of quantum key distribution (QKD) with imperfect resources are obtained for finite-length code when the decoy method is applied. This analysis is useful for guaranteeing the security of implemented QKD systems. Our formulas take into account the effect of the vacuum state and dark counts in the detector. We compare the asymptotic key generation rate in the presence of dark counts to that without the presence of dark counts.
Ultra-fine-Scale Filamentary Structures in the Outer Corona and the Solar Magnetic Field

Filamentary structures following magnetic field lines pervade the Sun's atmosphere and offer us insight into the solar magnetic field. Radio propagation measurements have shown that the smallest filamentary structures in the solar corona are more than 2 orders of magnitude finer than those seen in solar imaging. Here we use radio Doppler measurements to characterize their transverse density gradient and determine their finest scale in the outer corona at 20-30 R☉ where open magnetic fields prevail. Filamentary structures overlying active regions have the steepest gradient and finest scale, while those overlying coronal holes have the shallowest gradient and least finest scale. Their organization by the underlying corona implies that these subresolution structures extend radially from the entire Sun, confirming that they trace the coronal magnetic field responsible for the radial expansion of the solar wind. That they are rooted all over the Sun elucidates the association between the magnetic field of the photosphere and that of the corona, as revealed by the similarity between the power spectra of the photospheric field and the coronal density fluctuations. This association along with the persistence of filamentary structures far from the Sun demonstrate that subresolution magnetic fields must play an important role not only in magnetic coupling of the photosphere and corona, but also in coronal heating and solar wind acceleration through the process of small-scale magnetic reconnection. They also explain why current widely used theoretical models that extrapolate photospheric magnetic fields into the corona do not predict the correct source of the solar wind.
Evaluation of the Influence of Fashion Involvement, Personality Characteristics, Tendency to Hedonic Consumption and Store Environment on Fashion-Oriented Impulse Buying

The present research investigates the influence of involvement in fashion, personality characteristics, tendency to hedonic consumption and store environment on customers' fashion-based impulse buying. Statistical population of the present research included all fashion apparel purchasers in Ghazvin City, Iran. Questionnaire was used as data gathering instrument. Simple random sampling method was used to pick sample members with equal chance of being selected. In order to distribute questionnaires, three main arcades (Iranians arcade, Al-Ghadir arcade and Narvan arcade) were used as they were the main centers for buying fashion clothing in Ghazvin City. In each of the arcades, 100 people were selected randomly to distribute the questionnaires among them. 278 valid questionnaires were finally returned. Structural equations modeling method was used for testing research hypotheses. Investigation of research hypotheses revealed that involvement in fashion influences customers' impulsive purchase both directly and indirectly through inspiring positive feelings. Store environment and personality traits were found to have significant and direct influence on fashion-based impulse purchasing. Further, tendency to hedonic consumption had an indirect and positive influence on fashion-based impulse buying through inspiring positive feeling. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n16p223
A Verified Certificate Checker for Finite-Precision Error Bounds in Coq and HOL4

Being able to soundly estimate roundoff errors of finite-precision computations is important for many applications in embedded systems and scientific computing. Due to the discrepancy between continuous reals and discrete finite-precision values, automated static analysis tools are highly valuable to estimate roundoff errors. The results, however, are only as correct as the implementations of the static analysis tools. This paper presents a formally verified and modular tool which fully automatically checks the correctness of finite-precision roundoff error bounds encoded in a certificate. We present implementations of certificate generation and checking for both Coq and HOL4 and evaluate it on a number of examples from the literature. The experiments use both in-logic evaluation of Coq and HOL4, and execution of extracted code outside of the logics: we benchmark Coq extracted unverified OCaml code and a CakeML-generated verified binary.
Explaining Episodes of Growth Accelerations, Decelerations, and Collapses in Western Africa

The growth literature has had problems explaining the "sub-Saharan African growth dummy" in cross-country regressions. Instead of taking the usual approach of focusing on long-run growth and assuming that sub-Saharan countries have homogenous parameters in growth regressions, we concentrate our analysis on episodes of growth turnarounds (identifying growth accelerations, decelerations, and collapses) and use only West African countries in our sample. The driving force of growth turnarounds are estimated by analyzing external shocks, political and institutional changes, economic reforms, and indicators particularly relevant to the region. Using probits for a group of 22 Western African economies for the period 1960-2006, we find that growth accelerations are most clearly associated with external shocks, economic liberalization, political stability, and closeness to the coast; decelerations occurred during short-lived regimes and when corruption indices weakened; and collapses are linked to external shocks, falling domestic credit, and proximity to the coast. We then identify policy implications.
Analysis of Peanut Seed Oil by NIR

Near infrared reflectance spectra (NIRS) was collected from Arachis hypogaea seed samples and used in predictive models to rapidly identify varieties with high oleic acid. The method was developed for shelled peanut seeds with intact testa. Spectra was evaluated initially by principal component analysis (PCA) followed by partial least squares (PLS). PCA performed with full spectra and reduced spectra with one principal component accounted for 97% to 99% variability, respectively. The PLS model generated from first derivative spectra provided a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 7.7204808. This technique provides a non-destructive method to rapidly identify high oleic peanut seeds to support the selection and cultivation of high oleic acid peanut varieties. The method can also be useful at peanut processing facilities for screening and quality assessments.
Aerosol activation in marine stratocumulus clouds: 2. Köhler and parcel theory closure studies

(1) Aerosol properties and vertical velocities relevant to cloud droplet concentrations in marine stratocumulus clouds are presented. Data were collected at a coastal surface site, and on an aircraft that flew north (upwind) of the surface site during the CLOUDYCOLUMN portion of the second Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-2). In a closure study we compare observations, from five study days, and predictions based on Kohler and parcel theory. Measured and predicted cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) do agree after accounting for differences between the mobility equivalent (Dme) and sphere equivalent (Dse) diameters, but only when considering results from two study days unaffected by continental pollution. After applying the DmeDse correction, cloud droplet concentration closure was also achieved, or nearly achieved, on three study days. Discrepancies between predicted and measured CCN, or between predicted and measured droplet concentration, were always in the direction of predicted values being larger than that measured. Although theoretical studies do specify scenarios where droplet concentration and CCN overestimation can occur, the observed disparities may also be due to multiple and poorly characterized experimental biases. INDEX TERMS: 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801); 0320 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Cloud physics and chemistry; 1610 Global Change: Atmosphere (0315, 0325); KEYWORDS: aerosol indirect effect, CCN instrumentation
Thick‐Film High‐Performance Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells Retaining 90% PCEs of the Optimized Thin Film Cells

Most optimized, high performance, bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells have an active layer thickness of about 100 nm. The thin active layer is unfavorable for optical absorption and film coating. This contribution employs a ternary cell to address this problem. In this paper, thick BHJ cells can be fabricated that retain 90% power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the optimized thin‐film cells. The BHJs under investigations are PTB7:PC71BM, PTB7‐Th:PC71BM, and P3HT:PCBM. Into these BHJs, a ternary component, p‐DTS(fbtth2)2 (DTS) is introduced. Without DTS, the binary thick‐film devices (≈200, ≈200, and ≈400 nm) have PCEs of 6.3%, 7.4%, and 3.2%. With DTS, the corresponding BHJs have markedly improved PCEs of 7.6%, 8.3%, and 3.9%, respectively. The results are more than 90% the PCEs of the optimized binary BHJs. The origins of the improvement are investigated. Addition of the ternary component DTS enhances hole mobility and reduces trap states. Both observations are well correlated with improved fill factors of the ternary BHJ cells. Photothermal deflection spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance are used to trace the electronic and the nanoscale interactions of the DTS with the polymer and fullerene. The results suggest the DTS behaves as a conducting bridge in between two neighboring polymer segments.