Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual control by regulatory gene fdsR of the fds operon encoding the NAD+‐linked formate dehydrogenase of Ralstonia eutropha

The transcriptional regulator gene fdsR was identified 150 bp upstream of the divergently oriented fdsGBACD operon encoding the soluble, NAD+‐linked formate dehydrogenase in the chemoautotrophic bacterium Ralstonia eutropha H16. Its deduced product, FdsR, displays a basal sequence similarity to the regulatory proteins of the LysR family. The carboxy‐terminal domain of FdsR contains a short region that is conserved in formate dehydrogenases. Deletion of fdsR revealed a dual regulatory effect of FdsR on the fds operon by acting as transcriptional activator in the presence of formate or as repressor in the absence of formate. Studies with fdsR transcriptional fusions also suggested a negative autoregulation of the gene. A promoter structure resembling σ70‐dependent promoters from Escherichia coli was identified upstream of the fdsR transcriptional start site. FdsR purified to homogeneity after overexpression of fdsR in E. coli is a 130 kDa homotetramer binding to the fds control region located between the fdsR and fdsG genes. Formate significantly increased the binding affinity of FdsR for this region. Two FdsR binding sites characterized by the inverted‐repeat structure ATANG‐N10‐CNTAT were identified. The regulatory pattern found in R. eutropha was also observed in the heterologous host E. coli and results from a novel mode of control of formate dehydrogenase genes.
Introducing The !nternet Technology Series

ithin the last few years, the Internet has made the transition from being a research network to becoming an increasingly indispensable part of the global communications infrastructure. Technology that used to be primarily of interest to a relatively small research community now has become a major source of revenue for carriers and the focus of a growing equipment and service market. However, general technical information about “Internet plumbing” is still not widely available beyond specialized conferences and detail-oriented protocol specifications. The new feature series on Internet technology being inaugurated in this edition of IEEE Communications Magazine aims to fill at least some of this void. The feature series aims to highlight problems and solutions encountered when providing both traditional and more advanced Internet services. The first edition features three articles, covering multicast, high-speed IP switching, and a high-speed test network. Multipoint-to-multipoint communications has only recently attracted attention in most existing communication networks reaching beyond the local area. IP multicast offers a single, universal service with a simple, easy-to-use abstraction for such a service. So far, uses of IP multicast have focused on conferencing applications, but IP multicast can also help to reduce network load by avoiding repeated transmission of the same data. However, supporting IP multicast outside the local area in a scalable manner has turned out to be difficult, with several approaches still in the research stage. The article by Xylomenos and Polyzos addresses the issue of how to support IP multicast in a mobile environment, where some of the assumptions underlying IP multicast routing no longer hold. As the Internet has become a commercially provided infrastructure, network experiments are ever harder to perform. Also, as the traffic load on the Internet has increased, it has become increasingly difficult to use the “public” Internet for applications requiring high throughput. The National Science Foundation operates the vBNS (veryhigh-speed Backbone Network Service) described by Jamison and Wilder as both a testbed for new, high-performance applications as well as a “production” interconnection of supercomputer centers. A number of years ago, panels at conferences were held to debate who would use all the new bandwidth available through fiber technology, searching for the “killer application” that might light up the newly installed fiber Henning Schulzrinne
Efficient development of grammars for multilingual rule-based applications

Les applications de traitement automatique des langues (TALN) fondees sur des regles, tels que les systemes de traduction automatique, utilisent des grammaires, qui doivent etre developpees pour de nombreuses langues. La creation de grammaires multilingues est, cependant, un processus long et laborieux, qui requiert un grand nombre de connaissances. Dans cette these, nous examinons la possibilite de faciliter et d'accelerer le developpement de grammaires utilisees dans les systemes de TALN multilingues. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une grammaire parametrable pouvant etre partagee par des langues typologiquement differentes, l'anglais, le finnois et le japonais. La grammaire est developpee avec la plate-forme Regulus (Rayner et al., 2006). Les grammaires Regulus sont des grammaires d'unification, qui peuvent etre utilisees dans differentes tâches de TALN, telles que la reconnaissance vocale, l'analyse et la generation. Nous avons integree a cette plate-forme le module externe de developpement d'ontologies Protege (Protege, 2009).
Pulse measurements via portable wideband microwave detector

Modern equipment for azimuth measurements of radiant source antenna perform pulse measurements. This paper presents pulse measurements on application-specific portable wideband microwave detector that is capable to measure azimuth, received signal power level, frequency, and pulse parameters. The considered power level is form −80 up to −20dBm, and frequency band from 11 up to 15GHz with resolution of 100MHz. Duration of pulses is form 500ns up to 10ms with no limits in pause time. This azimuth and pulse detector is developed for portable, small size measuring equipment that performs determination of beaming antenna parameters.
Rondom Rembrandt and Beyond: On Otto Neurath’s Isotype Contributions to Visual Communication and Museum Learning

For roughly 20 years (1925–1945), Otto Neurath engaged himself with museum and exhibition work. This was part of his preoccupation with the visual. It was these two media (within the orchestration of various social tools) to which Neurath attributed highest effectiveness for the delivery of pertinent information, and empowerment to take part in society’s development, especially concerning that part of the population without access to academic schooling/ habits. Neurath’s practical and theoretical work with museums and exhibitions usually subsumed under the acronym Isotype and identified with ‘pictorial statistics’, challenged museum traditions, and is still considered avant-garde in many aspects. I shall briefly report on practical developments – museum, exhibition work – and on Neurath’s use of terms (picture, picture language, visual education) based on his writings on ‘Bildpadagogik’ (Haller and Kinross 1991, Vol. 3, Collected Writings). In a second strand, I treat some of the topical qualities of his museum and exhibition concepts (their relevance for today), using the booklet International Picture Language (1936), Neurath’s manuscript on ‘Visual Education’ (in Nemeth and Stadler 1996), and the example of the exhibition ‘Rondom Rembrandt’ (1937). Context and some materials: The museological background to this paper is found in my book Otto Neurath: Museums and Exhibition Work. Spaces (Designed) for Communication (2008, Peter Lang; http://www.peterlang.com/) and further research at the Isotype-Collection in Reading/UK which also led to an earlier article ‘Rondom Rembrandt’ (http://www.isotyperevisited.org/2010/01/ rondom-rembrandt.html).
Software as a Service: Uma Compreensão Pluralista

O acumulo e a diversidade de Tecnologias da Informacao criam, hoje, a possibilidade de computacao nas nuvens ( cloud computing ), e faz ressurgir a possibilidade de oferecer software como servico ( software as a service – SaaS ). E um termo da moda, que aponta como alta fonte de pesquisa para academia, e como um promissor mercado a ser explorado pela industria de software. Logo, divergencias sobre o que e essa tecnologia e uma realidade que a confunde com outras ja existentes e que dificulta a sua disseminacao. Para ser completamente compreendido, SaaS precisa ser definido e analisado por diferentes perspectivas: forma de entrega, comercializacao e negocio. Este e um trabalho teorico, que metodologicamente parte de uma revisao bibliografica, academica e mercadologica, sobre as diversas perspectivas para SaaS , e suas tecnologias associadas. O objetivo e proporcionar um entendimento pluralista sobre SaaS , interligando essas suas diferentes perspectivas, e sobre elas encaixando as diversas tecnologias ja existentes. Padronizando o entendimento sobre os conceitos, e tendo a consciencia sobre a inviabilidade de SaaS ser visto apenas por uma unica otica, este trabalho contribui ainda com a apresentacao dos principais beneficios e desafios quando da adocao de SaaS por fornecedores e clientes.
Stage-specific outcomes of patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma: a comparison of the international Federation of gynecology and obstetrics and american joint committee on cancer staging systems.

PURPOSE Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is staged by the modified International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for uterine cancer. We aimed to determine whether the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) soft tissue sarcoma (STS) staging system is more accurate in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with uterine LMS who presented at our institution from 1982 to 2005 were staged retrospectively according to a modified FIGO staging system and the AJCC STS staging system. The predictive accuracy of the two staging systems was compared using concordance estimation. RESULTS Two hundred nineteen patients had sufficient clinical and pathologic information to be staged under both systems; 132 patients were upstaged using the AJCC staging system, whereas only four were downstaged. Stage-specific PFS and OS rates for stages I, II, and III differed substantially between the two staging systems. In both systems, there was prognostic overlap between stages II and III. Thus, despite the marked stage-specific differences in 5-year PFS and OS rates for stages I, II, and III, both systems had similar concordance indices. CONCLUSION Estimates of stage-specific PFS and OS for uterine LMS were altered substantially when using the AJCC versus FIGO staging system. Adjuvant treatment strategies should be tested in patients at substantial risk for disease progression and death. Neither the FIGO nor AJCC staging system is ideal for identifying such patients, suggesting a need for a uterine LMS-specific staging system to better target patients for trials of adjuvant therapies.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Analysis of Enterobacter sakazakii Strains from an Outbreak Resulting in Fatalities in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in France

ABSTRACT In 1994, an outbreak of Enterobacter sakazakii infections occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit in France from 5 May to 11 July. During the outbreak, 13 neonates were infected with E. sakazakii, resulting in 3 deaths. In addition, four symptomless neonates were colonized by E. sakazakii. The strains were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and phenotyped for a range of enzyme activities. E. sakazakii was isolated from various anatomical sites, reconstituted formula, and an unopened can of powdered infant formula. A fourth neonate died from septic shock, attributed to E. sakazakii infection, during this period. However, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the organism was Enterobacter cloacae. There were three pulsotypes of E. sakazakii associated with infected neonates, and three neonates were infected by more than one genotype. One genotype matched isolates from unused prepared formula and unfinished formula. However, no pulsotypes matched the E. sakazakii strain recovered from an unopened can of powdered infant formula. One pulsotype was associated with the three fatal cases, and two of these isolates had extended-spectrum β-lactamase activity. It is possible that E. sakazakii strains differ in their pathogenicities, as shown by the range of symptoms associated with each pulsotype.
Parental depressive symptoms and children's sleep: the role of family conflict.

BACKGROUND We used a multi-method and multi-informant design to identify developmental pathways through which parental depressive symptoms contribute to children's sleep problems. Environmental factors including adult inter-partner conflict and parent-child conflict were considered as process variables of this relation. METHODS An ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of children (n = 268) participated (M age = 9.44 years, SD = 8.61 months). Children wore actigraphs for 7 consecutive nights and also reported on their sleep problems. RESULTS Higher levels of maternal depressive symptoms were associated with children's sleep/wake problems. Higher levels of paternal depressive symptoms were associated with shorter time in bed and fewer sleep minutes. Inter-partner conflict and parent-child conflict were mechanisms of effects in the associations between maternal depressive symptoms and children's actigraphy-based and self-reported sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS Findings build on this scant literature and highlight the importance of identifying pathways of risk and familial and environmental influences on children's sleep problems.
Study on the volatile oil contents of Annona glabra L., Annona squamosa L., Annona muricata L. and Annona reticulata L., from Vietnam

The volatile compounds identified from four species of Annona from Vietnam are being reported. The oils were obtained from aliquots of plant samples by steam distillation and subjected to GC and GC–MS analysis. The main compounds of Annona glabra L. , were β-caryophyllene (21.5%) germacrene D (17.7%), α-cadinol (5.4%) and β-elemene (5.2%). Annona squamosa L. , comprised mainly of α-pinene (1.0–11.9%), limonene (0.8–11.7%), β-cubebene (0.5–13.0%), β-caryophyllene (11.6–24.5%), spathulenol (0.8–9.0%), caryophyllene oxide (1.0–10.6%) and α-cadinol (3.3–7.8%). The significant constituents of Annona muricata L. , were α-pinene (9.4%), β-pinene (20.6%), ρ-mentha-2,4(8)-diene (9.8%), β-elemene (9.1%) and germacrene D (18.1%). However, camphene (0.2–6.6%), α-copaene (2.0–7.3%), β-elemene (5.9–16.6%), β-caryophyllene (8.3–14.9%), β-bisabolene (0.4–10.2%), δ-cadinene (1.7–4.8%) and germacrene D (9.3–22.8%) were the main compounds common to samples of Annona reticulata L. There were significant amounts of sabinene (11.2% and 2.7%; leaf and stem bark) and bicycloelemene (9.6% and 6.1%; stem and bark).
Biosensors for bacterial detection

In the past decades, biosensors have been developed for detection and diagnose of the presence of bacteria in various service environments. Biological recognition elements, transducer and signal amplifier are the main components of a biosensor, affecting the selectivity and sensitivity and signal-responding time of the tool. Various biological materials, including enzymes, antibodies, DNA and aptamers, are combined with the signal transducers made of electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric and thermal detection platforms, as well asnanomaterials, i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene, metallic nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles, to improve the performance of the biosensors. This paper reviews the trends in bacteria detection, the primary biosensor techniques.
Influence of dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride on feedlot performance, carcass traits, chemical composition of longissimus muscle, and plasma metabolites of castrated male goats

To evaluate the influence of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, chemical characteristics of the longissimus muscle (LM), and plasma metabolites, 16 Mahabadi castrated goats (29.93 ± 1.84 kg) were individually fed a finishing diet without or with ZH supplementation dosed at 0.20 mg/kg BW daily. Zilpaterol was fed for 30 days with 3 days of withdrawal before harvest. Compared with the controls, ZH supplementation decreased dry matter intake and increased total weight gain, average daily gain, and gain for feed. Hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and LM area were increased, but back fat thickness and kidney-pelvic fat were reduced in the group that received ZH. Supplemental ZH did not affect the full viscera mass or stomach complex, but it increased empty body weight (EBW) and reduced (as g/kg final EBW) the heart/lungs and kidney weights. Zilpaterol supplementation increased LM protein and moisture and decreased LM fat. The goats fed with ZH had lower serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol than the controls. It can be concluded that daily ZH supplementation at 0.20 mg/kg BW increases growth performance, feed efficiency, and dressing percentage in castrated goats as a result of greater muscle accretion and causes reduction of fat and visceral organ mass
Distribution of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A polymorphisms and their role in irinotecan-induced toxicity in patients with cancer

Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A1), which affects irinotecan metabolism, has been associated with severe adverse reactions in patients with cancer treated with irinotecan. However, neither large-scale analysis of the distribution of UGT1A1 polymorphisms, nor standardized assessment of how UGT1A1 polymorphisms affect irinotecan treatment has been performed in China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of UGT1A1 polymorphisms (*28 and *6) in 2,093 Chinese patients with cancer who were treated with irinotecan from more than 15 hospitals in Shandong, to examine how the coexistence of UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*28 alleles may be able to predict toxicities induced by irinotecan in 105 of the patients, and to search for other relevant risk factors. The distribution of the genotypes was as follows: TA6/TA6 (1,601, 76.5%), TA6/TA7 (463, 22.1%) and TA7/TA7 (29, 1.4%) for UGT1A1*28 (n=2,093); and G/G (286, 66.4%), G/A (124, 28.8%) and A/A (21, 4.9%) for UGT1A1*6 (n=431). The most frequent severe hematological toxicity was neutropenia, and the predominant non-hematological toxicities were diarrhea and cholinergic syndrome. In toxicity comparisons, grade 3–4 leukopenia and neutropenia were significantly higher in TA6/TA7 compared with TA6/TA6 (P<0.05). The UGT1A1*6 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of severe diarrhea and total adverse drug reactions (P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that the UGT1A1*6 genotype was an independent predictor of severe diarrhea. These findings suggested that the UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 genotypes may be associated with irinotecan-induced severe toxicity, and clarified the clinical importance of UGT1A1 polymorphisms, particularly UGT1A1*6, regarding irinotecan therapy in Chinese patients.
Outcome and Cost Analysis of Induction Immunosuppression With IL2Mab or ATG in DCD Kidney Transplants

Background Kidney transplantation from DCD now represents a significant part of the overall transplant activity in the UK. Outcome of different induction immunosuppression regimes and related cost benefit analysis has been reported by very few studies. This is a single centre study on frequency-matched patients who received a DCD kidney transplant between August 2007 and August 2009. Methods Data on 45 patients divided in 2 groups were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Group A (24 patients) received IL2Mab and Group B (21 patients) ATG as induction immunosuppression. Patient and graft survival were similar in both groups. Results In the ATG-induced group, there was a significant lower rate of DGF, BPAR, and infections requiring readmission. A cost analysis was performed including all immunosuppression-related costs, and it has shown remarkable savings in the ATG-induced group. Conclusion Considering that the number of DCD kidney transplants is destined to rise in the UK, we believe that ATG is a valid option to continue optimizing outcomes of DCD kidney transplant. In our experience, ATG proved to be safe, effective, and contributed to significant cost savings.
The Paradox of Self-Consciousness

In this book, Jose Luis Bermudez addesses two fundamental problems in the philosophy and psychology of self-consciousness: (1) Can we provide a noncircular account of fully fledged self-conscious thought and language in terms of more fundamental capacities? (2) Can we explain how fully fledged self-conscious thought and language can arise in the normal course of human development? Bermudez argues that a paradox (the paradox of self-consciousness) arises from the apparent strict interdependence between self-conscious thought and linguistic self-reference. The paradox renders circular all theories that define self-consciousness in terms of linguistic mastery of the first-person pronoun. It seems to follow from the paradox of self-consciousness that no such account or explanation can be given. Drawing on recent work in empirical psychology and philosophy, the author argues that any explanation of fully fledged self-consciousness that answers these two questions requires attention to primitive forms of self-consciousness that are prelinguistic and preconceptual. Such primitive forms of self-consciousness are to be found in somatic proprioception, the structure of exteroceptive perception, and prelinguistic forms of social interaction. The author uses these primitive forms of self-consciousness to dissolve the paradox of self-consciousness and to show how the two questions can be given an affirmative answer.