Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical activity intensity and subjective well-being in healthy adults

The effect of physical activity intensity on subjective well-being has not been well established. We examined this relationship among 419 healthy adults using objective and subjective physical activity measurements (sample size varied among well-being assessments). For accelerometers, light-intensity physical activity positively associated with psychological well-being (n = 150) and negatively associated with depression (n = 99); moderate intensity negatively associated with pain severity (n = 419) and positively associated with psychological well-being; sedentary behavior negatively associated with psychological well-being and positively associated with depression (ps < .05). These findings were generally consistent with subjective measurements of physical activity (Question 8, Paffenbarger Questionnaire). Higher levels of sedentary behavior are associated with lower subjective well-being.
Association Between Ozone and Respiratory Admissions Among Children and the Elderly in Vancouver, Canada

In this study, we examine the impact of ozone on daily respiratory admissions in both young children and the elderly in greater Vancouver, British Columbia. Study subjects included children less than 3 yr of age and adults 65 yr of age or over living in greater Vancouver who had acute hospital admissions for any respiratory diseases (ICD-9 codes 460–519) during the 13-yr period 1986–1998. Bidirectional case-crossover analysis was used to investigate associations between ambient ozone and respiratory hospitalizations after adjustment for other pollutants, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and coefficient of haze. Potential effect modification by socioeconomic status as measured by household income was also examined. Respiratory admissions were associated with ozone levels 2, 3, 4, and 5 days prior to admission in both children and the elderly, with the strongest association observed at a lag of 4 days. Odds ratios for hospital admission of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.15–1.30) for children and 1.13 (1.09–1.18) for the elderly, respectively, were found, based on an increment in exposure corresponding to the interquartile range for ozone. Adjusting for other pollutants did not attenuate the ozone effect on respiratory admissions. Nor did socioeconomic status appear to modify the association between ozone and respiratory admissions in either children or the elderly. We concluded that ambient ozone is positively associated with respiratory hospital admission among young children and the elderly in Vancouver, British Columbia. These associations persisted after adjustment for both copollutant exposures and socioeconomic status.
Adjuvant treatments in pancreatic cancer: Preliminary data of a pooled analysis.

4042 Background: To assess the role of adjuvant treatments (AT; chemotherapy [AC] and/or chemo-radiotherapy [ACR]) in radically resected pancreatic cancer. METHODS A systematic review of literature in the MEDLINE and EMBASE data bases from 1966 to 2010 was independently performed by two authors (DT and FD) All the randomized phase III trials investigating the role AT in radically resected pancreatic cancer were considered eligible and included into the pooled analysis. 5-year-survival rate in patients treated with AT was the primary end point of the trial, 5-year-survival rate of patients treated with AC and ACR, and the 5-year-survival number needed to treat (NNT) of AT, AC and ACR were the secondary ones. Heterogeneity between the trials was analysed using the I2 test; the outcome analysis was performed using a random effects model with an alpha error of 5%. RESULTS The outcomes of 2,410 patients enrolled in 12 trials were compared in the pooled analysis. 1,337 patients were treated with AT (1,008 with AC and 329 with ACR), and 1,073 were enrolled in the control arm (no adjuvant treatment) . Low to moderate heterogeneity between the trials was documented both for AT (I2=29.8%, p=0.153) and AC (I2=48.2%, p=0.051), but not for ACR (I2=0%, p=0.773). A significant improve in 5-year-survival rate was observed for AT and AC (odds ratio of 0.62, p=0.001 and 0.63, p=0.021 respectively), but not for ACR (odds ratio=0.92, p=0.71), with an 5-year survival NNT of 14 (p=0.001), 15 (p=0.021) and 125 (p=0.71) respectively for AT, AC and ACR. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that adjuvant chemotherapy improves the 5-year survival rate in radically resected cancer patients; nevertheless, the modest 5-year survival rate of treated patients and the high 5-year survival NNT observed both for AT and for AC seem to suggest the need of further data and further trials to definitively recommend AC for all the patients with radically resected pancreatic cancer.
Peer Rejection in Childhood: Effects on Maternal Depression and Behavior Problems in Toddlers

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model that would clarify how a woman's recollections of peer and parent rejection in childhood influence her emotional well-being and, resultantly, her own child's behavior problems. Given current interest in peer versus parent influences, the authors used a design and analysis to reveal the unique contributions of peer and parent rejection. The participants were a community sample of 88 mothers and their 2 1/2-year-old children. The study found that mothers' recollections of peer rejection in childhood were significantly associated with depressive symptomatology, but recollections of parental rejection in childhood were unrelated to current depressive symptoms. Recollections of peer rejection during childhood, internal representation of self, and depressive symptoms made significant, unique contributions to the variance in behavior problems in their children. Together, these variables significantly explained 27% of the variance in the final model.
Sustainable tourism: its evolution and its future

espanolEl turismo social ha obtenido amplio reconocimiento por los beneficios que aporta a los ciudadanos que, de otro modo, no podrian participar en el turismo. El turismo social tambien ofrece beneficios a la industria del turismo, a los destinos y proporciona un retorno positivo de la inversion para los gobiernos. Sin embargo, mientras que los legisladores ensalzan las virtudes del turismo social, los programas han luchado por subsistir bajo la presion sobre las finanzas publicas causada por la crisis financiera global. Este documento revisa las contribuciones del turismo social al turismo sostenible, evalua criticamente su potencial para impulsar el turismo sostenible en el futuro y hace recomendaciones para los responsables politicos europeos. EnglishThis paper analyses the evolution of the concept of sustainable tourism from its beginnings as a reaction by European academics to uncontrolled tourism development in c. 1970-85, leading to basic sustainable tourism research in the late 1980s, followed by a more proactive and sophisticated second generation research phase post c. 2010. Twenty future research growth are discussed. The paper concludes that the future of sustainable tourism lies on it being implemented by businesses and policy makers. That relies on academics becoming more involved with business and policy work requiring the creation of multi-disciplinary institutes and international research teams. Examples are given
TONUITY: A NOVEL INDIVIDUAL-ORIENTED RETIREMENT PLAN

Abstract For insurance companies in Europe, the introduction of Solvency II leads to a tightening of rules for solvency capital provision. In life insurance, this especially affects retirement products that contain a significant portion of longevity risk (e.g., conventional annuities). Insurance companies might react by price increases for those products, and, at the same time, might think of alternatives that shift longevity risk (at least partially) to policyholders. In the extreme case, this leads to so-called tontine products where the insurance company’s role is merely administrative and longevity risk is shared within a pool of policyholders. From the policyholder’s viewpoint, such products are, however, not desirable as they lead to a high uncertainty of retirement income at old ages. In this article, we alternatively suggest a so-called tonuity that combines the appealing features of tontine and conventional annuity. Until some fixed age (the switching time), a tonuity’s payoff is tontine-like, afterwards the policyholder receives a secure payment of a (deferred) annuity. A tonuity is attractive for both the retiree (who benefits from a secure income at old ages) and the insurance company (whose capital requirements are reduced compared to conventional annuities). The tonuity is a possibility to offer tailor-made retirement products: using risk capital charges linked to Solvency II, we show that retirees with very low or very high risk aversion prefer a tontine or conventional annuity, respectively. Retirees with medium risk aversion, however, prefer a tonuity. In a utility-based framework, we therefore determine the optimal tonuity characterized by the critical switching time that maximizes the policyholder’s lifetime utility.
Exploration of Teacher Identity in the Context of Current School Reforms in Kazakhstan: perceptions of NIS teachers

Kazakhstan is presently experiencing significant reforms in secondary education trying on best practices and experiences borrowed from abroad. Important figures at this stage are Nazarbayev Intellectual Schools (NIS) created to implement new approaches to teaching, learning and managing the school. They serve as a platform for altering the whole system and bringing Kazakhstan to a new higher level of development. In this context, teachers are exposed to dramatic changes in requirements for being a competent professional, which implies they need to revisit their personal and professional views and practices to meet new standards. The problem is that the major focus is given to the reforms themselves while the voices of those who actually enact them in practice are usually ignored. This study aimed at exploring the complex phenomenon of teacher identity in its relation to the present school reforms from the perspective of the main stakeholders, teachers. The qualitative interview-based approach was employed in this study to reveal how different aspects of the reforms influence teacher professionalism. The purposeful sampling method was used to select ten NIS teachers according to the following criteria: age, years of experience and area of specialization. The rationale for maximal variation sampling was to identify if the perceptions of participants differ across the given categories. The findings of the study provided an insight on NIS teachers’ perceptions of their professional identity on four dimensions: personal, social, professional and emotional. The results also showed how teaching-related and administrative aspects of school reforms affect various constructs of teacher identity. The study concluded by suggesting some recommendations for policy makers and school administration on how to enhance the process of improving the school system considering teachers’ opinions.
Geotagging in social media : exploring the privacy paradox

Increasingly, online social media networks allow users to use geotagging. This method of adding location data to various content shared in real time has introduced privacy related issues and threats to the users of such networks. Previous research present opposing findings on whether users actually care about their location privacy or not, and it has also been shown that users often display a behaviour inconsistent with their concerns. When asked, users tend to report high privacy concerns, but in contrast, they will then not let their privacy concerns affect or limit their behaviour online; the privacy paradox is a description of this dichotomy. The problem, however, is not only that location privacy seems to be a paradoxical issue; the sharing of location data provides users with new possibilities that can potentially have negative consequences for them, such as someone else being able to identify one’s identity, home location, habits or other sensitive information. Social media network users communicate that a part of this is due to the lack of control over which information they share, with whom and where.This study employs a qualitative method, using unstructured interviews in a pre-study and a self-completion questionnaire. The purpose of the study is to examine and gain a better understanding of how the privacy paradox can help to better explain users’ location data disclosure preferences in the context of social media networking, and to help social media network developers in order to reduce privacy-related issues in social media networking applications with geotagging capabilities. The findings indicate that the paradox indeed is evident in user’s stated geotagging behaviour, and that users are slightly more worried about their location privacy than their overall online privacy. The conclusions offer a couple of different explanations for the paradox, and we argue that the contradiction of the paradox can be seen as a constant trade-off between benefits and risks of geotagging. We also give some examples of such advantages and disadvantages.
Gender Differences In Extrafamilial Sexual Abuse Experiences Among Young Teens

Extrafamilial sexual abuse experiences of young adolescents (ages 10–14), particularly young teen boys, are not well studied. This retrospective chart review study compared psychosocial correlates and victimization experiences between young adolescent girls (n = 226) and boys (n = 64) referred to a hospital child advocacy center. Several differences in risk behaviors and abuse experiences were found: Girls were more likely to have run away, to be truant from school, to report substance use, to have multiple perpetrators, and to have physical findings from the abuse. Boys were more likely to have a diagnosis of attention deficit disorder and to report anal penetration, and rarely disclosed abuse at the time of the incident. Peers were girls’ most common choice for disclosing abuse, whereas boys confided most often in their mothers or other adults. These findings suggest sexually abused young adolescent girls and boys need distinct, developmentally appropriate screening and care in school and health care settings.
The Competing Effects of Hyaluronic and Methacrylic Acid in Model Contact Lenses

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of hyaluronic acid (HA) on lysozyme sorption in model contact lenses containing varying amounts of methacrylic acid (MAA). One model conventional hydrogel (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)) and two model silicone hydrogels (pHEMA, methacryloxypropyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane (pHEMA TRIS) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide, TRIS (DMAA TRIS)) lens materials were prepared with and without MAA at two different concentrations (1.7 and 5%). HA, along with dendrimers, was loaded into these model contact lens materials and then cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino propyl)-carbodiimide (EDC). Equilibrium water content (EWC), advancing water contact angle and lysozyme sorption on these lens materials were investigated. In the HA-containing materials, the presence (P < 0.05) and amount (P < 0.05) of MAA increased the EWC of the materials. For most materials, addition of MAA reduced the advancing contact angles (P < 0.05) and for all the materials, the addition of HA further improved hydrophilicity (P < 0.05). For the non-HA containing hydrogels, the presence (P < 0.05) and amount (P < 0.05) of MAA increased lysozyme sorption. The presence of HA decreased lysozyme sorption for all materials (P < 0.05). MAA appears to work synergistically with HA to increase the EWC in addition to improving the hydrophilicity of model pHEMA-based and silicone hydrogel contact lens materials. Hydrogel materials that contain HA have tremendous potential as hydrophilic, protein-resistant contact lens materials.
A critical review of climate change risk for ski tourism

Ski tourism is a multi-billion dollar international market attracting between 300 and 350 million annual skier visits. With its strong reliance on specific climatic conditions, the ski industry is regarded as the tourism market most directly and immediately affected by climate change. A critical review of the 119 publications that have examined the climate change risk of ski tourism in 27 countries is provided. This growing and increasingly diverse literature has projected decreased reliability of slopes dependent on natural snow, increased snowmaking requirements, shortened and more variable ski seasons, a contraction in the number of operating ski areas, altered competitiveness among and within regional ski markets, and attendant implications for ski tourism employment and values of vacation property real estate values. The extent and timing of these consequences depend on the rate of climate change and the types of adaptive responses by skiers as well as ski tourism destinations and their competitors. The need to understanding differential climate risk grows as investors and financial regulators increasingly require climate risk disclosure at the destination and company scale. Key knowledge gaps to better assist ski tourism destinations to adapt to future climate risk are identified.
Circulating CD31+/Annexin V+ Apoptotic Microparticles Correlate With Coronary Endothelial Function in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Objective—Endothelial dysfunction predicts morbidity and mortality in patients at cardiovascular risk. Endothelial function may be decisively influenced by the degree of endothelial cell apoptosis. Methods and Results—To test this hypothesis in humans, endothelial-dependent vasodilatation was invasively assessed in 50 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by quantitative coronary angiography during intracoronary acetylcholine infusion. Flow cytometry was used to assess endothelial cell apoptosis by quantification of circulating CD31+/annexin V+ apoptotic microparticles in peripheral blood. Increased apoptotic microparticle counts positively correlated with impairment of coronary endothelial function. Multivariate analysis revealed that increased apoptotic microparticle counts predict severe endothelial dysfunction independent of classical risk factors, such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes, age, or sex. Conclusions—In patients with CAD, endothelial-dependent vasodilatation closely relies on the degree of endothelial cell apoptosis, which is readily measurable by circulating CD31+/annexin V+ apoptotic microparticles. These findings possibly provide new options for risk assessment and may have implications for future treatment strategies of CAD.
SDN-Based Data Center Energy Management System Using RES and Electric Vehicles

Cloud Computing (CC) has emerged as a leading technology for providing on-demand services such as, network access, data storage, computation to end users for smooth execution of various applications. Such services are provided over physical servers hosted by large data centers (DCs) which may be geographically located. In recent times, with an increase in service requests for various resources, DCs have expanded drastically in terms of number of servers. With such an increase in high end servers, the energy consumption of DCs has escalated many folds which may lead to additional burden on the grid. Moreover, the escalation in energy consumption of DCs has an impact on carbon footprints in the environment. Hence, the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) with DCs may ease the load of grid to a great extent. However, due to intermittent nature of RES, it is a dif&#64257;cult task to sustain DCs using RES. Hence, to sustain the energy consumption of DCs using RES, the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) can be a major leap. To resolve these issues, a software de&#64257;ned network (SDN)-based DC energy management system using RES and EVs is designed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, a charging- discharging mechanism for penetration of EVs is formulated to cope with the intermittent nature of RES. The results obtained clearly depict that the penetration of EVs played a major role to manage the energy consumption of DC using RES.
Detecting Camouflaged Content Polluters

The connectivity and openness of the Internet have cultivated a blistering expansion of online media websites. However, the culture of openness also makes the emerging platforms an effective channel for content pollution, such as fraud, phishing, and other online abuses. To complicate the problem, content polluters actively manipulate the characteristics of the Internet through establishing links with normal users and blending the malicious information with legitimate content. The manipulated links and content, being used as camouflage, make it very intricate to detect content polluters. Recent work has investigated camouflaged fraud in networks. However, due to the lack of availability of label information for camouflaged content, it is challenging to detect content polluters with traditional approaches. In this paper, we make the first attempt on detecting camouflaged content polluters. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, we conduct experiments on real-world data. The results show that our method achieves better results than existing approaches.
Mycophenolate Mofetil Initiation in Renal Transplant Patients at Different Times Posttransplantation: The TranCept Switch Study

Background. Despite evidence of favorable long-term effects of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in renal transplantation, its introduction at different times posttransplant has not been studied in large cohorts. Methods. Single-organ renal allograft recipients (n=2217) who had MMF introduced 6 months to more than 20 years posttransplantation for various reasons were included in TranCept Switch, a multicenter, noninterventional, observational 4-year study. Changes in renal function before and after the introduction of MMF were analyzed. Results. MMF was introduced because of renal function decline in 43% of patients and poor tolerability with previous treatment in 23% of patients. The change in slope of the calculated glomerular filtration rate (modification of diet in renal diseases formula) regression line before and after MMF initiation was +2.01 mL/min per year (P<0.001) on average. The greatest benefit was noted in patients who received MMF because of renal function decline and in whom calcineurin inhibitor treatment was subsequently reduced or withdrawn (+3.09 mL/min per year). Time from transplantation to MMF introduction influenced the glomerular filtration rate at MMF initiation (slow progressive deterioration) but not the direction of the slope change, which was positive even for late introduction. Conclusion. MMF introduction may be associated with improvement or stabilization of renal function even several years after transplantation.