Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of IL-1β in Periodontitis Post Oral Administration of Papaya Seed Extract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation induced by bacteria that can increase the expression and secretion of IL-1β. Papaya (Carica papaya linn) seed extract is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids that act as antiinflammatory. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of papaya seed ethanol extract in periodontitis trough the expression of IL-1β. Rattus novergicus were randomly divided into five group and subject to induced LPS of P.gingivalis + ligatures on the mandibular incisive region except group C as the control group. The first group of Periodontitis (P1) was given standard diet. Meanwhile P2, P3, P4 were given extract of papaya seeds respectively 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW. Papaya seed extract was administered orally for 15 days. On day 16th, the rats were sacrificed and prepared for immunohistochemical evaluation with the data being analyzed using One Way ANOVA. There was a significant difference in IL-1β expression between P2,P3, P4 and the control group. Papaya (Carica papaya linn) seed extract can decrease IL-1β expression in periodontitis. Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(1): 61-66)
FLEXIBLE SCHEMES AND BEYOND: EXPERIMENTAL ENUMERATION OF PATTERN AVOIDANCE CLASSES

OF THE DISSERTATION Flexible Schemes and Beyond: Experimental Enumeration of Pattern Avoidance Classes By YONAH BIERS-ARIEL Dissertation Director: Doron Zeilberger This thesis demonstrates several applications of experimental methods to the enumeration of pattern-avoiding permutations. First, we introduce flexible schemes – a new extension of enumeration schemes. We show how a computer can find flexible schemes and use them to count permutations. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence of finite flexible schemes, and in particular show that they exist whenever finite enumeration schemes or regular insertion encodings do. Next, we combine enumeration schemes with structural arguments to give a new algorithm for counting 1342-avoiding permutations. We find a recurrence for the number of permutations avoiding four dashed patterns, and finally generalize Claude Lenormand’s “raboter” sequence. We have implemented all the algorithms described here in Maple and provide links to the Maple code in each section.
Immunohistochemical Distribution of PlexinA4 in the Adult Rat Central Nervous System

PlexinA4 is the latest member to be identified of the PlexinA subfamily, critical transducers of class 3 semaphorin signaling as co-receptors to neuropilins 1 and 2. Despite functional information regarding the role of PlexinA4 in development and guidance of specific neuronal pathways, little is known about its distribution in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Here we report an in depth immunohistochemical analysis of PlexinA4 expression in the adult rat CNS. PlexinA4 staining was present in neurons and fibers throughout the brain and spinal cord, including neocortex, hippocampus, lateral hypothalamus, red nucleus, facial nucleus, and the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. PlexinA4 antibodies labeled fibers in the lateral septum, nucleus accumbens, several thalamic nuclei, substantia nigra pars reticulata, zona incerta, pontine reticular region, as well as in several cranial nerve nuclei. This constitutes the first detailed description of the topographic distribution of PlexinA4 in the adult CNS and will set the basis for future studies on the functional implications of PlexinA4 in adult brain physiology.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology Psychotrauma and Effective Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Soldiers and Peacekeepers

Psychotrauma occurs as a result to a traumatic event, which may involve witnessing someone's actual death or personally experiencing serious physical injury, assault, rape and sexual abuse, being held as a hostage, or a threat to physical or psychological integrity. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder and was defined in the past as railway spine, traumatic war neurosis, stress syndrome, shell shock, battle fatigue, combat fatigue, or post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS). If untreated, post-traumatic stress disorder can impair relationships of those affected and strain their families and society. Deployed soldiers are especially at a high risk to be affected by PTSD but often receive inadequate treatment. Reviews to date have focused only on a single type of treatment or groups of soldiers from only one country. The aim of the current review was to evaluate characteristics of therapeutic methods used internationally to treat male soldiers' PTSD after peacekeeping operations in South Eastern Europe and the Gulf wars. This systematic literature review returned results pertaining to the symptoms, diagnosis, timing and effectiveness of treatment. Sample groups and controls were relatively small and, therefore, the results lack generalizability. Further research is needed to understand the influence and unique psychological requirements of each specific military operation on the internationally deployed soldiers.
Interaction and Autonomy in RoboCup@Home and Building-Wide Intelligence

Efforts are underway at UT Austin to build autonomous robot systems that address the challenges of long-term deployments in office environments and of the more prescribed domestic service tasks of the RoboCup@Home competition. We discuss the contrasts and synergies of these efforts, highlighting how our work to build a RoboCup@Home Domestic Standard Platform League entry led us to identify an integrated software architecture that could support both projects. Further, naturalistic deployments of our office robot platform as part of the Building-Wide Intelligence project have led us to identify and research new problems in a traditional laboratory setting.
ACO Volume 6 Number 3, November 1997. pp.75

ACO Volume 6 • Number 3 • November 1997 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency components of accelerations measured on the spinous processes of vertebrae caused by chiropractic treatments, and to speculate as to the origin of the various components. We found distinct acceleration signals in the range of 0-50 Hz and above 200 Hz. The low frequency components were convincingly matched to the displacements caused by the manipulative forces; the high frequency components were found to be similar in duration and shape to confirmed cavitations in synovial joints, thus they were speculated to originate from the spinal facet joints.
Assessing brain plasticity across the lifespan with transcranial magnetic stimulation: why, how, and what is the ultimate goal?

Sustaining brain and cognitive function across the lifespan must be one of the main biomedical goals of the twenty-first century. We need to aim to prevent neuropsychiatric diseases and, thus, to identify and remediate brain and cognitive dysfunction before clinical symptoms manifest and disability develops. The brain undergoes a complex array of changes from developmental years into old age, putatively the underpinnings of changes in cognition and behavior throughout life. A functionally “normal” brain is a changing brain, a brain whose capacity and mechanisms of change are shifting appropriately from one time-point to another in a given individual's life. Therefore, assessing the mechanisms of brain plasticity across the lifespan is critical to gain insight into an individual's brain health. Indexing brain plasticity in humans is possible with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which, in combination with neuroimaging, provides a powerful tool for exploring local cortical and brain network plasticity. Here, we review investigations to date, summarize findings, and discuss some of the challenges that need to be solved to enhance the use of TMS measures of brain plasticity across all ages. Ultimately, TMS measures of plasticity can become the foundation for a brain health index (BHI) to enable objective correlates of an individual's brain health over time, assessment across diseases and disorders, and reliable evaluation of indicators of efficacy of future preventive and therapeutic interventions.
A registry analysis of 42,583 patients in Stockholm County, Sweden, 2004–2010

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the source is credited. DOI 10.3109/17453674.2013. 792035 Background and purpose The incidence of fractures of the distal radius may have changed over the last decade, and operative treatment has been commoner during that time. We investigated the incidence of fractures of the distal radius and changing trends in surgical treatment during the period 2004–2010. Patients and methods Registry data on 42,583 patients with a fracture of the distal radius from 2004 to 2010 were evaluated regarding diagnosis, age, sex, and surgical treatment. Results The crude incidence rate was 31 per 104 person-years with a bimodal distribution. After the age of 45 years, the incidence rate in women increased rapidly and leveled off first at a very high age. The incidence rate in postmenopausal women was lower than previously reported. In men, the incidence was low and it increased slowly until the age of 80 years, when it amounted to 31 per 104 person-years. The number of surgical procedures increased by more than 40% despite the fact that there was reduced incidence during the study period. In patients ≥ 18 years of age, the proportion of fractures treated with plating increased from 16% to 70% while the use of external fixation decreased by about the same amount. Interpretation The incidence rate of distal radius fractures in postmenopausal women appears to have decreased over the last few decades. There has been a shift in surgical treatment from external fixation to open reduction and plating.
Refleksi Implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional pada Pelayanan Kedokteran Gigi di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama Kota Tangerang Tahun 2017

This study aims to find out how the reflection of the implementation of national health insurance (JKN) in dentistry services at first-rate health facilities (FKTP) Tangerang City in 2017. The condition of awareness of Indonesian people for oral health is still not good, thus requiring process improvement, and The concept of better service. Such improvements can be implemented in the form of dental services in FKTP. This research uses qualitative method that aims to know the implementation of dental services in health insurance, in accordance with the rules, conditions and regulations that apply. The research was conducted in FKTP of Tangerang City Health Office, 15 Puskesmas and 15 pratama clinics in collaboration with BPJS health. The results showed the presence of dentists in each FKTP has been fulfilled as well as the condition of dental infrastructure facilities is sufficient. In terms of utilization of dentistry services, JKN participants in Puskesmas are very low. There are still differences in the number of JKN participants in each FKTP. Dentistry services in JKN are still many kinds of service in serving JKN participants, the highest number of dental disease cases in the community in JKN not all can be served in primary service so there are still many references.
A national initiative in data science for health: an evaluation of the UK Farr Institute

Abstract Objective To evaluate the extent to which the inter-institutional, inter-disciplinary mobilisation of data and skills in the Farr Institute contributed to establishing the emerging field of data science for health in the UK. Design and Outcome measures We evaluated evidence of six domains characterising a new field of science: defining central scientific challenges, demonstrating how the central challenges might be solved, creating novel interactions among groups of scientists, training new types of experts, re-organising universities, demonstrating impacts in society. We carried out citation, network and time trend analyses of publications, and a narrative review of infrastructure, methods and tools. Setting Four UK centres in London, North England, Scotland and Wales (23 university partners), 2013-2018. Results 1. The Farr Institute helped define a central scientific challenge publishing a research corpus, demonstrating insights from electronic health record (EHR) and administrative data at each stage of the translational cycle in 593 papers with at least one Farr Institute author affiliation on PubMed. 2. The Farr Institute offered some demonstrations of how these scientific challenges might be solved: it established the first four ISO27001 certified trusted research environments in the UK, and approved more than 1000 research users, published on 102 unique EHR and administrative data sources, although there was no clear evidence of an increase in novel, sustained record linkages. The Farr Institute established open platforms for the EHR phenotyping algorithms and validations (>70 diseases, CALIBER). Sample sizes showed some evidence of increase but remained less than 10% of the UK population in primary care-hospital care linked studies. 3.The Farr Institute created novel interactions among researchers: the co-author publication network expanded from 944 unique co-authors (based on 67 publications in the first 30 months) to 3839 unique co-authors (545 papers in the final 30 months). 4. Training expanded substantially with 3 new masters courses, training >400 people at masters, short-course and leadership level and 48 PhD students. 5. Universities reorganised with 4/5 Centres established 27 new faculty (tenured) positions, 3 new university institutes. 6. Emerging evidence of impacts included: > 3200 citations for the 10 most cited papers and Farr research informed eight practice-changing clinical guidelines and policies relevant to the health of millions of UK citizens. Conclusion The Farr Institute played a major role in establishing and growing the field of data science for health in the UK, with some initial evidence of benefits for health and healthcare. The Farr Institute has now expanded into Health Data Research (HDR) UK but key challenges remain including, how to network such activities internationally.
Exercise Prescription: Practices of Healthcare Professionals in Hospital Setting, Kenya

Physical inactivity is a serious epidemic that affects one’s health and there’s evidence that exercise can improve quality of life and health. The healthcare setting has been recognized as an appropriate and promising venue for counseling and prescribing physical activity to increase activity index of the population. An exercise prescription from a healthcare professional will remind the patient that physical activity is part of their treatment plan and should be adhered to with the same diligence with which their medication is taken. However, limited research on the topic suggests that many healthcare professionals are not incorporating exercise into treatment, and many lack the confidence to do so. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current exercise prescription trends among practicing healthcare professionals in Kakamega County, Kenya. A cross-sectional study was carried out in public health facilities in Kakamega County. The target population was nurses, medical officers and clinical officers. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and a total of 280 healthcare professionals from 7 government hospitals in Kakamega county participated in the study. From these hospitals 221 healthcare professionals (medical officers=11,5%, nurses= 165,75% and clinical officers=71,32%) completed the questionnaire. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) reported that, they occasionally (n=75, 33.9%) referred patients to other professionals for fitness assessment or appraisal, they occasionally (n=78, 35.3%) provided patients with verbal directions for a physical activity program, they very rarely (n=73, 33%) provided patients with written directions for a physical activity program, they frequently (n=71 32.1%) counselled PA (verbal or written prescription) for purposes of preventing chronic disease, they occasionally (n=76, 34.4%) discussed about physical activity with their patients and 59 (26.7%) very rarely participated in exercise session at least three times a week. The independent between- group ANOVA yielded a non- statistically significantly effect, F (2, 218) = 1.132, p = . 324, ƞp2= . 01. Statistical power was not adequate and was equal to . 248. Thus, the null hypothesis of no significant differences in knowledge of exercise prescription in health professionals at public health facilities in Kakamega was accepted. In conclusion these findings lend support for further training, increased incorporation, and further growth needed in healthcare professionals’ self-efficacy in the prescription of exercise.
PNS1100333 154..165

Evidence is growing for the long-term effects of environmental factors during early-life on later disease susceptibility. It is believed that epigenetic mechanisms (changes in gene function not mediated by DNA sequence alteration), particularly DNA methylation, play a role in these processes. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of the involvement of C1 metabolism and methyl donors and cofactors in maternal diet-induced DNA methylation changes in utero as an epigenetic mechanism. Methyl groups for DNA methylation are mostly derived from the diet and supplied through C1 metabolism by way of choline, betaine, methionine or folate, with involvement of riboflavin and vitamins B6 and B12 as cofactors. Mouse models have shown that epigenetic features, for example DNA methylation, can be altered by periconceptional nutritional interventions such as folate supplementation, thereby changing offspring phenotype. Evidence of early nutrient-induced epigenetic change in human subjects is scant, but it is known that during pregnancy C1 metabolism has to cope with high fetal demands for folate and choline needed for neural tube closure and normal development. Retrospective studies investigating the effect of famine or season during pregnancy indicate that variation in early environmental exposure in utero leads to differences in DNA methylation of offspring. This may affect gene expression in the offspring. Further research is needed to examine the real impact of maternal nutrient availability on DNA methylation in the developing fetus.
Exercise and Cancer Survivors: Lessons Learned from a Multi-Faceted Model for Exercise Prescription

Cancer is the second leading cause of death, and the most common diagnosis among the general population is breast and colon cancer. Recently, an increasing number of new cases of invasive breast and colon cancer have been estimated, and more people die from these diseases. In addition to the genetic pattern, diet and lifestyle including smoking, alcohol consumption, and sedentary behaviour have also been identified as potential risks factors. Recent studies of cancer survivors have shown the beneficial effects of regular physical activity to reduce the prevalence of comorbidity, muscle atrophy, weight changes, reduced aerobic capacity, fatigue, depression, and reduced quality of life. Dedicated and individual programs are crucial for achieving the goals of improving quality of life and reducing comorbidities. A multidisciplinary approach is fundamental: lifestyle assessment, including estimating the level of physical activity, as well as nutritional habits, may be the first step. A periodic cardiovascular examination is crucial for detecting asymptomatic early myocardial failure. According to current ACSM guidelines, different levels of exercise (low-moderate 40% and moderate up to 60% of the maximal HR) may be prescribed, and patients enrolled may follow the exercise program if in the absence of contraindications. The current paper reports observations from our clinical practice and provides practical strategies that bridge contemporary, published guidelines into practice within a multi-disciplinary team working with cancer survivors in Italy.
The Problem of Sedentary Behaviour in the Office Workspace: A Structured Exercise Program for Primary Prevention

Occupations that require employees to remain seated for extended periods of time are continually becoming more pervasive in today’s workforce. Those who perform office/desk work are sitting on average 8-12 hours/day during work days, and 7-9.5 hours/day on days off. These trends are particularly worrisome considering higher prevalence for conditions such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, obesity, deep vein thrombosis, and cardiovascular disease have been linked with habitual sedentary behaviour. The aim of this study is to briefly review pertinent research literature demonstrating the relationship between prolonged physical immobilization and the risks it has on health. Then we propose a solution in the form of a structured physical activity program. The exercises outlined in the physical activity program are supported by current research literature, do not require equipment, and can be smoothly integrated into daily routine without changing out of office attire. Implementing these exercises into daily life is designed to break up extended bouts of sitting and in turn mitigate participant’s risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and deep vein thrombosis. In addition to reducing these health risks individuals can also experience an increased mobility of the neck, shoulder, and scapula with continued participation.
Data from 5,791 cases in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register

1Kysthospital in Hagevik, Hagavik; 2The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; 3Center for Evidence-based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen; 4Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Correspondence: monabadawy13@hotmail.com Submitted 13-11-06. Accepted 14-03-11
Social Capital and Health: A Review of Prospective Multilevel Studies

Background This article presents an overview of the concept of social capital, reviews prospective multilevel analytic studies of the association between social capital and health, and discusses intervention strategies that enhance social capital. Methods We conducted a systematic search of published peer-reviewed literature on the PubMed database and categorized studies according to health outcome. Results We identified 13 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria for the review. In general, both individual social capital and area/workplace social capital had positive effects on health outcomes, regardless of study design, setting, follow-up period, or type of health outcome. Prospective studies that used a multilevel approach were mainly conducted in Western countries. Although we identified some cross-sectional multilevel studies that were conducted in Asian countries, including Japan, no prospective studies have been conducted in Asia. Conclusions Prospective evidence from multilevel analytic studies of the effect of social capital on health is very limited at present. If epidemiologic findings on the association between social capital and health are to be put to practical use, we must gather additional evidence and explore the feasibility of interventions that build social capital as a means of promoting health.