Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marriage and Divorce in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE IN SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER: A REPORT FROM THE CHILDHOOD CANCER SURVIVOR STUDY. Christopher M. Janson, Amanda M. Termuhlen, John A. Whitton, Leslie L. Robison, Lonnie K. Zeltzer, and Nina S. Kadan-Lottick. Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. In this report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), we described marriage and divorce rates in survivors of childhood cancer, as compared to a sibling control group and the general U.S. population. We also sought to identify patient and treatment characteristics that were associated with survivor marital status. This study included 8,930 five-year survivors of childhood malignancy and 2,855 sibling controls participating in the CCSS. Data on marital status, sociodemographic factors, and current health status were obtained from questionnaires; detailed disease and treatment histories were available from medical records. Marital status of the U.S. population was obtained from the 2002 Current Population Survey of the U.S. Census. We found that survivors were more likely to have never married than both sibling (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79; 95 % CI = 1.65-1.94; p < 0.0001) and population controls (OR = 2.29; 95 % CI = 2.19-2.38; p < 0.0001), with persistence of trends across age and gender strata. Once married, survivors divorced at rates equivalent to controls. In adjusted analysis, we found that several survivor characteristics predicted never-married status, including treatment involving cranial radiation (OR = 2.41; p < 0.0001), CNS tumor diagnosis (OR = 2.05; p < 0.0001), history of growth hormone deficiency (OR = 2.02; p < 0.0001), and unemployment secondary to disability (OR = 1.78; p = 0.0001). Survivor characteristics predictive of divorce included unemployment (OR = 1.91; p < 0.0001, for unemployed or disabled), lower educational achievement (OR = 1.74; p < 0.0001, for non-college graduates), and psychological distress (OR = 1.60; p < 0.0001). This study confirms prior reports of lower marriage rates in survivors of childhood cancer, providing further evidence that this population struggles with psychosocial adjustment to adult life. Acknowledgements I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Dr. Nina Kadan-Lottick, for her constant support and guidance. Additionally, I thank the entire section of Pediatric HematologyOncology for their assistance and encouragement. I would like to thank John Whitton, Pam Goodman, and Wendy Leisenring for their hard work on the statistical analysis. I am also grateful to Ann Mertens, Amanda Termuhlen, and other investigators from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. It was a privilege to be a part of such a great collaboration. This project was funded by the Yale School of Medicine Office of Student Research.
Variation in Advertisement Call Properties of the Japanese Quail

The aim of this study was to investigate the amount variation in four spectral and six temporal properties of advertisement calls between and within-male Japanese quail and to establish the effect of age of sexual maturation to these properties. The first, second, third syllables and damping parts were 68.2, 74.3, 501.1 and 95.9 ms long, on average, and had peak frequencies of 1719.9, 1989.9, 2203.2 and 2352.7 Hz, respectively. There was high between individual variations in all call traits. In relation to within-male variation, there were high medians and low ranges for spectral properties while low medians and high ranges for temporal properties. Moderate positive correlations between syllable lengths and age of sexual maturation, low negative correlations between interval lengths and age of sexual maturation were observed. Repeatability of the advertisement call characteristics were high, but estimates for spectral properties were slightly lower (0.66-0.82) than that for temporal properties (0.89-0.96). These results suggest that temporal call parameters have the potential to be used in individual identity and these traits might carry information used by females in mate choice. Spectral properties could be recognized as stable call properties that may be used in efficient transmission or species recognition.
Results Haemodynamic and Vascular Compliance in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Rheumatic Valve Disease

We sought to explore the pulmonary haemodynamic changes in rheumatic mitral stenosis patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary artery resistance and compliance of 35 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis and 12 controls without cardiopulmonary vascular disease were evaluated by using an improved method, which is based on making calculations with parameters obtained from right heart catheterisation. The results are as follows: (1) pulmonary artery compliance in patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01); (2) linear correlation analyses showed that preoperative mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) closely correlated with zero-pressure compliance in the mitral stenosis group
GROWTH AND NITROGEN DYNAMICS OF GLYCINE MAX INOCULATED WITH BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM AND EXPOSED TO ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE

Seeds of Glycine max (soybean) were inoculated with N-fixing bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum and grown in growth chamber to investigate interactive effects of atmospheric CO2 and plants Nitrogen status on root and shoot length and biomass, nodule formation and Nitrogen concentration. Plants were grown with CO2 at 3500 and 1000ppm with or without Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation. Root and shoot length and dry mass of Glycine max increased significantly with CO2 enrichment provided with Bradyrhizobium japonicum as compared to deficient Nitrogen fixing bacterium. While ambient and enriched CO2 levels resulted in increased Nitrogen concentration of Glycine max shoot and root which is inoculated with N-fixing bacterium. Nodule formation was also enhanced in plants supplied with Bradyrhizobium japonicum as compared to plants which is Bradyrhizobium japonicum deficient at both CO2 concentrations.
When users are professionals: effective user participation for information system assimilation: a multilevel model

Prior research on the role of user participation in system development has yielded inconsistent results. One of reasons might be attributed to the various users and research in this field needs to take into consideration of the characteristics of users themselves. Users’ professional background has been documented as one of major reasons for resistance. However, very little research has investigated how to resolve such resistance. Our study makes a significant step forward to understand and empirically validate the contingencies of business professional users’ participation. With an exploratory case study, we identify three important contingencies that determine the effectiveness of professional users’ participation in IT projects in terms of assimilation, i.e., IT competence, work-identity integrity and alignment as perceived by the professionals. The resulting model is also empirically validated involving professional users from different industries and organizations.
Structural and lithological analysis of a foreland fold-and-thrust belt in the Umbria-Marche Apennines (Italy)

The geology in and around the Fiume Fiastrone valley (Umbria-Marche region, Italy) is controlled by a NW-SE striking fold and thrust belt of Neogene age. During a different stage SW-NE striking folds were created. The lithology in the area consists mainly of carbonates and carbonate shales of Mesozoic to Cenozoic age. The system has been analysed by means of morphological and structural analysis of exposed rock in the area around the Fiume Fiastrone valley. The geological situation before thrusting is proposed to be a SW-NE directed 8-10 km long anticline. Indications for this proposition are anticline-indicating orientations in the footwall at different locations with a maximum dip of 40 degrees. On the hanging wall the two nearly perpendicular folds created a 6 by 4 km dome structure that is bounded by the Sibillini thrust. This thrust accommodates 1800 m of lateral shortening; the Anidriti del Burano Fm. acts as its decollement. A literature study shows that NW-SE shortening started during the Quaternary; this would correspond to a shortening rate of roughly 0.1 mm/y in this direction. The implication of this theory is that the Sibillini thrust should show NW-SE compressional deformation. However, the outcrop of this thrust, at the hinge of the anticline, shows no considerable curvature over a length of about 1 km. Hence this observation does not confirm that theory. It may be possible though that the thrust fault exhibits curvature on a larger scale.
DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEM ENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA

Sleep is defined as a naturally recurring state characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity and inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles. Poor sleep quality results in excessive daytime sleepi ness, impaired health status, depressive symptoms and poor quality of life. Upper airway sleep disorders (UASD) are becoming commonly recognized by medical and dental communities. Snoring is a mild form of these disorders. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a severe yet under - diagnosed sleep related breathing disorder. It is characterized by repetitive complete or partial occlusion of the upper airway, resulting in apnea, hypopnea, oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation. OSA can lead to a series of syste mic, dental and psychological problems if left untreated. Efforts have been made to pin - point the symptoms to effectively evaluate this disorder and to efficiently treat it. This review gives a brief description on the evaluation criteria, associated syste mic complications and series of invasive and non invasive treatment options for management and improvement of individual s affected with OSA. Keyword s: Obstructive sleep apnea, Upper airway sleep disorder, Sleep disorders and Apnea
Emotional expressions beyond facial muscle actions

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Apparent Sound Source De-Elevation Using Digital Filters Based on Human Sound Localization

This study presents the possibility of creating an apparent sound source elevated or de-elevated from its current physical location. When loudspeakers need to be placed in different locations other than the ideal placement, digital filters are created and connected in the audio chain to either elevate or de-elevate the perceived sound from its physical location. The filters are based on Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTF) measured in human subjects. The filters relate to an average from individual de-elevation filters, representing generalized transfer functions of humans for sources in the frontal median plane. Results showed that a universal de-elevation filter for an actual source at 25◦can create an apparent source de-elevated by about 13◦ for male speech and by 10◦ for female speech.
Alon-Tarsi number of signed planar graphs.

Let $(G,\sigma)$ be any signed planar graph. We show that the Alon-Tarsi number of $(G,\sigma)$ is at most 5, generalizing a recent result of Zhu for unsigned case. In addition, if $(G,\sigma)$ is $2$-colorable then $(G,\sigma)$ has the Alon-Tarsi number at most 4. We also construct a signed planar graph which is $2$-colorable but not $3$-choosable.
Comparative Study on Relevant Theories of the Impact of Management Shareholding on Corporation Performance

Management shareholding, which is an important method in solving principal-agent problem, is widely used in listed companies in our country as the progress of equity division reform. This dissertation studies the three theories related to management shareholding and corporation performance, which finds out: (1) based on human capital theory, management shareholding, in the form of stock option incentive, grants management the residual claim. Thus, a win-win situation is achieved for both managers and shareholders. (2) Based on principal-agent theory, management shareholding makes the utility function of management agree nearly with the objective function of shareholders, which effectively reduces the moral hazard of management. (3) La Porta et al. (1999) found out in the research that tracing enterprise’s ultimate property owner with ultimate property right theory will help to better understand the relationship between ownership, control rights and corporate performance.
Labor migrants and their families in the Russian Far East: A sociological analysis

The paper discusses the main trends characterizing the migration process development in a particular Russian region, namely, the Primorye Territory, which is unique region of the Russian Federation in terms of both the geographic location as well as cultural and social aspect of people's lives. However, the Primorye Territory is characterized also by detected negative demographic trends, among which a special role belongs to population growth due to migration. In this regard, the article examines objective and subjective factors influencing the migration dynamics in the context of regional development and social transformation. Also, the authors present the basic results of the expert survey and unstructured interviews that reveal the attitude of ordinary local residents towards migrants and their families, problems of their integration in the Primorye Territory, as well as assessment of the state of migration problems and their development trends in the region by the officials of the different authorities. The conducted study has shown that on the one hand, both experts and indigenous population are aware of the need to attract labor migrants. On the other hand, there RESUMEN: El documento analiza las principales tendencias que caracterizan el desarrollo del proceso de migración en una región rusa en particular, el Territorio de Primorie, que es una región única de la Federación de Rusia en términos tanto de la ubicación geográfica como cultural y social de las vidas de las personas. Sin embargo, el territorio de Primorye también se caracteriza por tendencias demográficas negativas detectadas, entre las cuales un papel especial pertenece al crecimiento de la población debido a la migración. En este sentido, el artículo examina los factores objetivos y subjetivos que influyen en la dinámica de la migración en el contexto del desarrollo regional y la transformación social. Además, los autores presentan los resultados básicos de la encuesta de expertos y entrevistas no estructuradas que revelan la actitud de los residentes locales ordinarios hacia los migrantes y sus familias, los problemas de su integración en el territorio de Primorye, así como la evaluación del estado de los problemas de migración y sus tendencias de desarrollo en la región por parte de los funcionarios de las diferentes autoridades. El estudio realizado ha are opinions expressing concern regarding the inflow of labor migrants from the former Soviet republics and countries of the Asia-Pacific region. The informants also show a high level of anxiety due to the uncertain prospects of their own life. The authors conclude that currently there are number of specific features characterizing migration in the Primorye Territory: firstly, changing Chinese migration trajectory, and secondly, the increased influx of migrants from former Soviet republics. However, the survey findings show that respondents assess the relations between local residents and migrants as quite calm that does not violate the usual atmosphere of the Primorye cities, characterized by relative tolerance toward migrants.
Steroid Receptors and DNA Interaction

Sununary--Glucocorticoid receptors of $49.1 mouse lymphoma cells were analyzed under a variety of conditions. The complexes with an agonist or a steroidal antagonist can be formed in cytosolic extracts, they are of high molecular weight, Mr ~ 330,000 and have a Stokes radius of 82 A. Cross-linking by several agents stabilized this structure against subunit dissociation which produces the activated receptor form of 60 A and DNA-binding ability. Careful analysis of intermediate cross-linked forms lead to the conclusion that the large receptor structure is a hetero-tetramer consisting of one hormone-bearing polypeptide of Mr ~ 94,000, two 90 kDa subunits and a protein component of Mr ~ 50,000. The 90 kDa subunits are the heat shock protein hsp90. The high molecular weight receptor form also exists in intact cells as revealed again by cross-linking. The cytosolic complex with the antagonist can become activated to the DNA-binding form upon warming but simultaneously looses the ligand. Ligand rebinding does not occur subsequent to receptor dissociation. Upon incubation of intact cells at 37°C with agonist or antagonist the respective receptor-ligand complexes are formed. The agonist complex is immediately activated, however, the antagonist complex remains stable in the undissociated state. This explains the biological effect of the antagonist.
Costs and benefits of ISO 9000 series: a practical study

This paper presents the result of a study to identify the costs and benefits of obtaining ISO 9000 certification. Toward this goal, a survey of some 500 ISO 9000 certified companies has been carried out. Among them, more than 65 per cent believe that ISO 9001 certification is worthwhile, and more than 76 per cent believe that the cost of certification is inexpensive. The results indicate that companies which seek certification because of their customers’ request seem to gain less benefit from ISO 9000 certification. We also found that concern for high costs is much less after initial certification. In addition, we discovered that contrary to many people’s expectation, some factors do not have any bearing on whether benefits outweigh costs. These factors include time taken to get certified, number of years since certification, and reason for certification. Besides presenting the results of the survey, we also introduce a new classification scheme based on the company’s view on the “expensiveness” of the certification and the received benefits. There are some differences in responses from companies of different classes.
Chapter 3 POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PLAICE ( Pleuronectes platessa L . ) IN NORTHERN EUROPE : MICROSATELLITES REVEALED LARGE SCALE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL HOMOGENEITY

Philopatry to spawning grounds combined with well-known migratory patterns in the flatfish Pleuronectes platessa (plaice) has led to the hypothesis that regional populations may reflect relatively discrete, genetic stocks. Using six microsatellite loci we genotyped 240 adult individuals collected from locations in Norway, the Faeroe plateau, the Irish Sea, the Femer Baelt, Denmark, and the southern North Sea; and 240 0-class juveniles collected from five nursery-ground locations in Iceland, Northwest Scotland, two sites in the Wadden Sea, and the Bay of Vilaine in Southern Brittany. The mean number of alleles/locus ranged from 5.3 – 20.4 with a mean of 13.9. Expected heterozygosity was uniformly high across all locations (multi-locus He = 0.744 ± 0.02). Pairwise comparisons of θ among all 11 locations revealed significant differentiation between Iceland and all others (θ = 0.0290*** to 0.0456***) which is consistent with the deep-water barrier to dispersal in plaice. In contrast, no significant differentiation was found among any of the remaining continental-shelf sampling locations. This suggests that regional stocks are themselves composed of several genetic stocks under a model of panmixia which persists even to the spawning grounds. The presence of significant heterozygote deficiencies at all locations (not due to null alleles) suggests a temporal Wahlund effect yet the absence of significant population differentiation among continental shelf localities makes this explanation alone, difficult to reconcile. Sampling of eggs at the spawning grounds will be required to resolve this issue. Causes of the mismatch between genetic and geographic stocks are discussed in the context of high gene flow.
Willingness to pay for locally produced foods: A customer intercept study of direct market and grocery store shoppers

Increasingly, grocery stores are marketing foods differentiated as locally produced. Freshness and taste are obvious reasons for consumer preference for these goods, but also important may be home-bias. Whatever the motive, there is substantial evidence that some consumers are willing to pay premium prices for food characterized as locally produced. A customer-intercept survey and a choice experiment of food shoppers in direct markets and traditional grocery stores was analyzed using Conjoint methods to evaluate WTP for characteristics related to locally grown fresh strawberries. Our results suggest that consumers are willing to pay more for locally produced berries: Customers intercepted in grocery stores would pay an average of 64 cents more per quart, while those intercepted at direct markets would pay nearly $1.17 more per carton of strawberries that was grown locally rather than berries identified simply as "produced in the U.S." These conclusions provide a solid rationale for the existence of niche market potential for local berry producers.
Experiments on Free-to-Pivot Hover Motions of Multi-hinged Flat Plates

We extend recent work on flat plates undergoing imposed translation of their leading edge, hinged at the leading edge and free to pivot between 45° angle limiters, to several parameter studies. The first considers aspect ratio effects, with the finding that aspect ratio affects flowfield history but not aerodynamic force history (thrust production or resistive force). The second considers various duty cycles of imposed leading edge acceleration, with the finding that there is not a discernable acceleration effect on aerodynamic force history, and in particular no memory-effects after the plate has attained its limiting incidence angle. The third study compares single-element plates hinged at the leading edge, with double element plates, the latter having a second hinge running spanwise along the midchord. The latter is a surrogate for preliminary study of structural flexibility effects. Double-element plates produce both less thrust and have less resistive force, resulting in most cases in slightly lower figure of merit than that of comparable single-element plates, except for very small stroke to chord ratios.
Lignocellulosic biomass Chemical / physical Pretreatment CelluloseHydrolyzed Hemicellulose Enzymatic hydrolysis Lignin Mainly Glucose Mainly Pentoses Fermentation Lactic acid Separation

Lactic acid is an industrially important product with a large and rapidly expanding market due to its attractive and valuable multi-function properties. The economics of lactic acid production by fermentation is dependent on many factors, of which the cost of the raw materials is very significant. It is very expensive when sugars, e.g., glucose, sucrose, starch, etc., are used as the feedstock for lactic acid production. Therefore, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising feedstock for lactic acid production considering its great availability, sustainability, and low cost compared to refined sugars. Despite these advantages, the commercial use of lignocellulose for lactic acid production is still problematic. This review describes actic acid production actic acid bacteria (LAB)