Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kappa opioid receptor‐like immunoreactivity in guinea pig brain: Ultrastructural localization in presynaptic terminals in hippocampal formation

Physiological and pharmacological studies have suggested that kappa opioid receptors (KORs) may be located presynaptically in the guinea pig hippocampal formation. In the present study, KOR‐like immunoreactivity (‐LI) was examined by using a rabbit antibody raised against a synthetic peptide from the carboxyl terminus of a cloned rat kappa receptor (KT). The specificity of affinity‐purified KT antibody was confirmed by Western blotting, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, immunolabeling of KORs expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and immunocytochemical preadsorption controls. Specificity also was demonstrated by the light microscopic distribution of KT‐LI in sections through the forebrain and the pons, which was largely consistent with the distribution of KORs previously reported, and resembled that of immunoreactivity for dynorphin B, an endogenous ligand for KORs. Detailed analysis of the hippocampal formation revealed that KT‐LI was located predominantly in thin processes in the granule cell and inner molecular layers of the dentate gyrus. A few KT‐labeled processes were also present in stratum lacunosum‐moleculare of the CA1 region and all layers of the CA3 region of the hippocampus. By electron microscopy, KT‐LI was restricted to unmyelinated axons and axon terminals, and was associated with plasma membranes, large dense‐core vesicles, and cytoplasmic surfaces of small vesicles. In the dentate gyrus, immunolabeled terminals formed asymmetric synapses with granule cell perikarya and large unlabeled dendrites. In the CA3 region of hippocampus, KT‐LI was present in small unmyelinated axons. The results of this study 1) demonstrate the specificity of the KT antibody, 2) show that the distribution of KT labeling corresponds well with previous KOR and dynorphin localization in many regions, and 3) provide ultrastructural evidence that KORs are located presynaptically in the guinea pig hippocampal formation. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of co-axial Y6-Rotor UAV - design, mathematical modeling, rapid prototyping and experimental validation

This paper outlines development process of Y6-Rotor Micro UAV, which consists of concept of motion, modeling of the vehicle dynamics, rapid prototyping of the mechanics and finally practical realization of the VTOL. This paper presents a micro air vehicle designed to participate in the 2014 International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Flight Competition (IMAV). Designed mechanical structure may also be referred to as a co-axial tri-rotor UAV, because has two rotors installed on each rotor axis. In order to improve the vehicle development it requires to derive accurate dynamics model enriched by empirical measurements of co-axial rotor performed on the test bench. Based on the theoretical considerations and previous stages of the development, the frame and mechanics of the vehicle has been designed and manufactured on the principle of rapid prototyping. Finally, flight tests performed on the real Y6-Rotor UAV show that the concept of flight mechanics and proposed control strategies are satisfactory at this early concept level.
Bioconcentration and metabolism of BDE-209 in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and impact on the thyroid endocrine system and neuronal development in zebrafish larvae

Abstract Interactions between organic toxicants and nanoparticles (NPs) in the aquatic environment may modify toxicant bioavailability and consequently the toxicant’s environmental fate and toxicity. Therefore, we investigated the influence of titanium dioxide NPs (nano-TiO2) on deca-BDE (BDE-209; a polybrominated diphenyl ether congener) bioconcentration, metabolism and its effects on the thyroid endocrine system in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of BDE-209 alone or in combination with nano-TiO2 (0.1 mg/L) until 7-day post-fertilization. Nano-TiO2 can adsorb BDE-209 and nano-TiO2 is taken up into developing zebrafish larvae. Chemical measurements showed that BDE-209 was bioconcentrated and metabolized in zebrafish larvae, and BDE-209 uptake was enhanced by nano-TiO2. Furthermore, increased BDE-209 metabolites were detected in larvae co-exposed with nano-TiO2. BDE-209 exposure significantly increased whole-body thyroid hormone contents (T3 and T4); T4 content significantly increased in the larvae co-exposed with nano-TiO2. Nano-TiO2 exposure alone did not induce generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidative oxidation, gene transcription or thyroid hormone levels. Upregulation of several gene transcriptions (tshβ, tg, dio2) in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis was also observed. Furthermore, co-exposure of nano-TiO2 and BDE-209 caused a decrease in locomotion activity and downregulation of specific genes and proteins involved in the central nervous system of developing zebrafish larvae (e.g. myelin basic protein and α1-tubulin). These results indicate nano-TiO2 enhances BDE-209 bioavailability and metabolism, leading to thyroid endocrine disruption and developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish.
Marxist or Feminist Approaches to Sports Management Are There Traits in A Modern Days Society

Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Brainer 2007). This particular area looks at the relationship between Marxism to the sociology of sport and how it has influenced societal structures as well as the impact it has had on the economy. Though these theories are useful on exploring the general nature of sport, questions may be raised on have they influenced the way sports is managed today also? It is widely accepted that management theories have been influenced by industry and that many scholars have used Marxism and feminist approaches to form some sort of construct of this. However does one or two apply to all? And are they appropriate to areas such as the service industry that sport falls in too? This paper attempts to look at how Marxism may have had some influence on sports management through capitalists, masculinity and power and the weld it has had on females developing in such a field because of its deeply held roots. And more importantly possibly oppressed feminism in this field. There are also arguments made because of such oppression by the male domination that they have used sports as a vehicle to segregate society and influence the direction of sports management. Therefore the discussion in its true entirety at most is a snapshot of how one theory dominates the area of sports management and how it impinges on others both on their application and development.
Between Parent and Child

Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is between parent and child. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.
Editorial Board

Architect urbanist with a PhD in Architecture from the Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna, Barcelona. Associate Professor, School of Architecture and Urbanism, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brasil. Tarcisio loves drawing cartoons and depicting the irony of modern life. ~ Journal of the City and Regional Planning Department College of Architecture and Environmental Design, California Polytechnic State University
Programmable active pixel sensor for low-light biomedical applications

Today, the diseases are being treated with less invasive and more sophisticated, technology-oriented methods. The diagnostic tools that were usually used in the hospitals have become available at our homes. Within the heart of this new generation health-care systems, CMOS technology lies with its high capability of integration, low power consumption, and low cost. Within this context, CMOS image sensors require continuous research effort in this field. In this paper, we introduces a novel programmable Active Pixel Sensor (APS), which gives the end-users to choose among different modes of sensor operation by varying the pixel pitch/size vs the sensor output resolution. This method increases the photon collection efficiency and maximum two times the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The final camera chip reaches a very high fill-factor of 79% with a total pixel size of four pixel as 12. 64μm × 12. 64μm, while the size of each photodiode is 5. 6μm × 5. 6μm. The full-well capacity and conversion gain are respectively 66629e- and 27μV/e-, while the total chip area is 5 × 5mm2.
Load forecasting based on partial mutual information and multiple kernel least squares vector regression

Load forecasting is important to power system. A load forecasting model is proposed here, which based on the partial mutual information estimation and the multiple kernel learning. The inputs of the model are selected according to the partial mutual information which can use to measure statistical dependence. The training samples are mapped into a high dimensional feature space by a nonlinear function with cooperative structure, and then fitted by a multiple kernel least square support vector regression model. The kernel matrix and the regularization parameters of this model are optimized simultaneously in a quadratically constrained linear Program. The application shows that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy and better generalization performance than LS-SVR.
Morningness–eveningness and amplitude – development and validation of an improved composite scale to measure circadian preference and stability (MESSi)

ABSTRACT Measuring morningness–eveningness is an important aspect of individual differences because it is associated with many aspects of personality and health. The present study outlines recent advancements in the field of measurement and proposes an improved assessment of morningness–eveningness, such as the measurement of circadian amplitude, updating and reflecting new item developments, addressing the clock time based measures, the morning-biased items and the aspect of uni versus multidimensionality. Four studies have been carried out in Germany to present a novel development (with a total sample of N = 1181). In study I, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed three dimensions, one of morningness, one of eveningness and one of amplitude/stability. Then, items were reduced to present a clearer factor structure by removing ambiguous items. In the second study, a shortened questionnaire was applied, with 15 items (5 per construct), but Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) did not provide acceptable fit indices. Refining items were made in study III, which again showed a clearer factor structure in EFA, and subsequently, in study IV, the refined set of 15 items provided a good fit of a CFA. The final questionnaire was tested for validity by applying clock times, personality questions and alertness ratings. Thus, this newly developed questionnaire contains three distinct dimensions. To reflect the new content, the scale is labelled morningness–eveningness-stability-scale improved (MESSi).
Increased Nitric Oxide Production During Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplantation: A Useful Marker to Aid in the Diagnosis of Rejection

Background. The diagnosis of acute rejection (AR) relies on biopsy (Bx), with all the noninvasive tests failing to show satisfactory predictive value. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to play a role in AR. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between NO and (1) biopsy-proven allograft rejection and (2) other reasons of allograft dysfunction. Patients and Methods. Fifty consecutive renal allograft recipients ages 23–72 yrs who were transplanted were prospectively recruited. Blood samples were collected for 3 months. Endogenous serum nitrate (SNO3) levels were measured with Griess reagent in 1178 samples. Biopsies were performed as clinically indicated. Tacrolimus levels, urinary cultures, and renal function tests were done as per unit protocol. Results. Fifty recipients (mean±SD age 45.2±2.18 yrs, 24 men and 6 women) underwent 68 biopsies. Forty-five Bx (66.2%) showed AR in 19 recipients (mean age 47±8) and 23 (33.8%) Bx in 13 recipients (mean age 43±12) showed no AR. SNO3 in AR was (73±8.89 &mgr;mol/L) compared with negative Bx (45±4.5 &mgr;mol/L; P<0.05). There was also a significant difference in SNO3 during AR and other causes of allograft dysfunction; delayed graft function (54±7.8 &mgr;mol/L), urinary tract infection (44±2.9 &mgr;mol/L), tacrolimus toxicity (51±2.86 &mgr;mol/L), and increase in serum creatinine (44±2.36 &mgr;mol/L). Conclusion. There is a significant increase of serum nitrate with episodes of acute rejection compared with other causes of renal dysfunction. SNO3 can therefore aid in the diagnosis of acute rejection.
An adaptive robust observer for velocity estimation in an electro‐hydraulic system

This paper proposes the design of an observer to estimate the velocity of an electro‐hydraulic system by using pressure measurements only. The difficulties involved in the design of an observer for such a system include the highly nonlinear system dynamics, severe parametric uncertainties such as large variation of inertial load and unmatched model uncertainties. In order to address these issues, a nonlinear model‐based adaptive robust observer is designed to estimate the velocity. The contributions of the proposed work is twofold. First, it introduces a novel coordinate transformation to reconstruct the velocity estimate. And second, from a structural viewpoint, the design has two important features: (i) an underlying robust filter structure, which can attenuate the effect of uncertain nonlinearities such as friction and disturbances on the velocity estimation, and (ii) an adaptation mechanism to reduce the extent of parametric uncertainties. Experimental results on the swing motion control of an electro‐hydraulic robot arm demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dilemmas in diagnosis and management of cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis.

We recently managed an infant with meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in whom ceftriaxone failed to sterilize the cerebrospinal fluid after 6 days of therapy. This strain, which had a penicillin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 micrograms/ml, appeared susceptible to ceftriaxone (MIC < 0.5 micrograms/ml) when evaluated by a commercial MIC panel (Microtech Medical Systems, Inc., Aurora, CO) but was found to have a ceftriaxone MIC of 4 micrograms/ml when evaluated by conventional microtiter broth dilution technique. Furthermore ceftriaxone therapy of meningitis induced with this strain in a rabbit model was ineffective. Thirteen of 112 pneumococcal strains (11.6%) isolated recently at Children's Medical Center of Dallas were penicillin-resistant, and 3 of these were highly penicillin-resistant (MIC > or = 2 micrograms/ml). The incidence of pneumococcal strains with cefotaxime MICs > or = 1.0 micrograms/ml has increased from 0 of 258 from 1981 to 1983 to 5 of 112 (4.5%) from 1991 to 1992. The definition of cephalosporin resistance for pneumococci requires modification and further studies of the antibiotic management of meningitis caused by such strains are needed because resistance to cephalosporins is increasing and the extended spectrum cephalosporins may be ineffective as sole therapy.
Agrobacterium type IV secretion is a two‐step process in which export substrates associate with the virulence protein VirJ in the periplasm

Type IV secretion systems are virulence determinants in many bacteria and share extensive homology with many conjugal transfer systems. Although type IV systems and their homologues have been studied widely, the mechanism by which substrates are secreted remains unclear. In Agrobacterium, we show that type IV secretion substrates that lack signal peptides form a soluble complex in the periplasm with the virulence protein VirJ. Additionally, these proteins co‐precipitate with constituents of the type IV transporter: the VirB pilus and the VirD4 protein. Our findings suggest that the substrate proteins localized to the periplasm may associate with the pilus in a manner that is mediated by VirJ, and suggest a two‐step process for type IV secretion in Agrobacterium. Our analyses of protein–protein interactions in a variety of mutant backgrounds indicate that substrates are probably secreted independently of one another.
False-Positive Urine Screening for Benzodiazepines: An Association with Sertraline?: A Two-year Retrospective Chart Analysis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of false-positive benzodiazepine screens associated with sertraline use at the authors' institution. METHOD Urine drug screen results spanning a two-year period were data mined to identify those positive for benzodiazepines. When confirmatory gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determined false positives, they were subsequently cross-referenced against pharmacy records to identify patients with active prescriptions for sertraline at the time of the initial urinary drug screen. RESULTS Of the 522 records reviewed, 160 were later determined to be false positives by confirmatory gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sixty-two of those were associated with a concomitant benzodiazepine prescription. Of the 98 remaining, 26 were associated with a concomitant sertraline prescription. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that sertraline may be an unreported cause of false-positive benzodiazepine results in a widely used screening assay.
A pragmatic confirmation mechanism for an object-based spoken dialogue manager

Using a relatively simple confirmation strategy based on confirmation statuses, discourse pegs and request templates it is possible to implement an effective mixed initiative, natural language dialogue system. If the basic confirmation strategy is inherited by a set of specialist domain objects, the approach becomes particularly useful, allowing dialogues in several business areas to be conducted in a single implementation. The following paper outlines the basic confirmation mechanism and illustrates how this can be augmented by ‘rules of thumb’ that are encapsulated in implemented domain experts and that recommend particular strategies for continuing a transaction, given particular combinations of confirmed and unconfirmed information.
Modélisation des connaissances émotionnelles par les cartes cognitives floues

Résumé: Les recherches en psychologie ont permis d'établir une relation entre émotions et prise de décision. La prise en compte de caractéristiques humaines telles que les émotions et la personnalité dans les processus d’interaction entre agents est au centre de ce travail. Il s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet GRACE (Groupes Relationnels d'Agents Collaborateurs Emotionnels)/ RIAM (Réseau des Industries, de l’Audiovisuel et du Multimédia) .
The future of evidence-based medicine: is the frog still boiling?

1Department of Surgery, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa 2Level I Trauma Unit and Trauma Intensive Care Unit, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa 3Department of Intensive Care Medicine and High Care Burn Unit, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, ZNA Stuivenberg Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium 4Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Brussels (UZB), Jette, Belgium 5Faculty of Medicine, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
IT Governance Mechanisms in Public Sector Organisations: An Australian Context

Information technology plays a significant role enabling organisations to achieve their objectives. Accordingly, the governance mechanisms over the organisationâ€™s IT resources must be in place and operating effectively if the organization is to achieve its objectives. The concern with IT governance is not only evident in the private sector but also in the public sector. This study attempts to examine empirically the individual IT governance mechanisms that influence the overall effectiveness of IT governance in Australian public sector organisations. Using sample data from auditors who currently work in Australian public sector organisations, this study examined the influence of four proposed individual IT governance mechanisms on the overall effectiveness of IT governance. This study found significant positive relationships between the existence of an IT strategy committee and corporate (organisational) communication systems, and the overall level of effective IT governance within Australian public sector organisations.
Outcome of Sickle Cell Anemia: A 4-Decade Observational Study of 1056 Patients

Abstract: Based on a prospective cohort study of 1056 patients with sickle cell anemia (Hb SS) initiated in 1959, we investigated the influence of calendar era, age, sex, and prior medical conditions on the subsequent development of irreversible organ damage and survival using the Cox regression model with time-dependent covariates adjusting for all prior occurrences. We studied 30 acute clinical events, and focused on 8 prototypic forms of irreversible organ damage. Childhood survival to age 20 years has improved from 79% for those born before 1975 to 89% for children born in or after 1975. Bone infarction was a significant risk factor for avascular necrosis (p = 0.01), and infantile dactylitis was a significant risk factor for stroke (p = 0.01). Prior hospitalized vaso-occlusive sickle crisis in adults was significantly associated with the increased rate of avascular necrosis (p < 0.001), leg ulcers (p < 0.001), sickle chronic lung disease (p < 0.001), renal failure (p < 0.005), and early death (p < 0.001). The diagnosis of clearly evident clinical conditions such as leg ulcer, osteonecrosis, and retinopathy predicted an increased likelihood of developing a more lethal form of organ damage and earlier death: 77% of patients with chronic lung disease, 75% of those with renal insufficiency, and 51% of those with stroke had a prior chronic condition. Of the 232 patients who died, 73% had 1 or more clinically recognized forms of irreversible organ damage. By the fifth decade, nearly one-half of the surviving patients (48%) had documented irreversible organ damage. End-stage renal disease (glomerulosclerosis), chronic pulmonary disease with pulmonary hypertension, retinopathy, and cerebral microinfarctions are manifestations of arterial and capillary microcirculation obstructive vasculopathy. The current study underscores the need for preventive therapy to ameliorate the progression of the sickle vasculopathy. Abbreviations: CVA = cerebral vascular accident.
Designing Optimal Crop Revenue Insurance

When the indemnity schedule is contingent on the farmer's price and individual yield, an optimal crop revenue insurance contract depends only on the farmer's gross revenue. However, this design is not efficient if, as is the case with available contracts, the coverage function is based on imperfect estimators of individual yield and/or price. The producer's degree of prudence and the extent of basis risks have important influences on the optimal indemnity schedule. In this broader context, optimal protection is not provided by available U.S. crop insurance contracts and may include combinations of revenue insurance, yield insurance, futures, and options contracts.