Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF THE MANIPULATION OF INCUBATED JAPANESE QUAIL EGGS BY ASCORBIC ACID ON THE EMBRYO WEIGHT, HATCHABILITY AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CHICKS

the highest percentage of lost weight comparing with those of the other groups. Eggs treated by AA solution had significantly (P<0.05) longer hatching periods than that of untreated eggs. Hatching percentage tended to increase in response to AA treatment. Embryonic mortality percentage was differed (P<0.05) through 16-17 days of incubation in response to AA treatment, where the lowest and highest percentages of embryonic mortality were recorded in eggs dipped in 4 g/l of AA solution and in untreated eggs. Hematological traits were differed (P<0.05 or 0.01) in response to AA treatment. Hb content; PCV% and RBC count for chicks of eggs sprayed by AA solution or those dipped in 4 g/l of AA solution were higher than those dipped in 8 g/l of AA solution or eggs of the control group. Lymphocytes percentage was increased (P<0.05) in chicks of eggs sprayed by AA solution or those dipped in 8 g/l of AA solution than those of the control group or those dipped in 4 g/l of AA solution. Eosinophils, basophils and monocytes percentages did not differ significantly due to AA treatment. Spraying Japanese quail eggs with AA solution (10 g/l) or dipping in 4 g/l of AA solution preincubation may be a good way to improve hatching performance and blood hematology and immunity of hatched chicks.
Sex reversal in red tilapia (Oreochromis spp) fry by immersion technique

In immersion technique, three doses of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) (100, 300 and 400 μg/l) were applied for four different exposure durations (i.e 3, 6, 9 and 12 hrs). It is clear from the obtained data that the immersion of O. niloticus fry in 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) at 300μg/liter for 12 hours resulted in the highest percentage of male population (90.00%) showing that exposure time has significant impact (P<0.01). Similarly, other doses were also significant at 5% level of probability. However, the interaction of hormone doses and immersion time were statistically non significant.
Synthesis, characterization, protein interaction and antibacterial activity of a lanthanum(III) complex [La(Trp)3(OH2)2] (Trp = tryptophan) as a new precursor for synthesis of La2O2CO3 nanoparticles

In the present study, a lanthanum(III) complex containing tryptophan amino acid was synthesized and characterized. The abovementioned complex was assayed for antibacterial activity against 21 pathogens in humans including 10 Gram-negative and 11 Gram-positive bacteria. The results showed that this complex exhibits moderate to good antibacterial activity against different bacterial strains. This complex was selected to investigate its binding to human serum albumin (HSA) by spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. The fluorescence data showed that La(III) complexes quench the fluorescence of protein by a static quenching mechanism. The binding constant (Kb), number of binding sites (n) and thermodynamic parameters were calculated, which showed that the La(III) complex binds to HSA through hydrophobic interactions with one binding site. The molecular docking results confirmed the spectroscopic results and showed that the abovementioned complex is embedded into subdomain IIA of protein. Moreover, this lanthanum(III) complex was used for the synthesis of La2O2CO3 nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDX analyses. The photo-catalytic activity of these nanoparticles was studied using ethidium bromide degradation under ultraviolet irradiation. The results showed that these nanoparticles are promising materials in this photo-catalytic degradation.
Biochemical characterization of blackberry fruit (Rubus sp) and jellies

The present study aimed to quantify the phenolic compounds, carotenoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity using 2 different methods in blackberry fruits harvested at 3 different harvest points along the storage time and jellies made from these fruits and the quantification of ascorbic acid in the fruits. The harvesting points used were defined visually, being: 100% red (T1); 50% red and 50% black (T2) and 100% black (T3). After harvest, the fruits were selected, washed and packed in PET boxes with capacity for 200g of fruit and stored for 15 days at 2 degreesC, being evaluated every 3 days and for the manufacture of the jellies, the fruits were first pulped in stainless steel pulping machine being the jellies prepared with 50:50 (fruit: commercial crystal sugar) in open pan. The results show that the loss of phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and carotenoids was small when fruits and jelly were compared, as well as the antioxidant activity, and this shows that the processing of this fruit does not cause losses in relation to these evaluated parameters.
Phytochemical, Acute Toxicity, Analgesic, in vitro Antioxidant Studies and GC-MS Investigation of Essential Oil of the Methanol Leaf Extract of Momordica charantia

Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds which play an important role in the healing of various diseases. They are the best sources for chemical ingredients, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for cure of different diseases. Most medicinal plants possess pharmacological activities (antiOriginal Research Article Ofuegbe et al.; JOCAMR, 4(2): 1-18, 2017; Article no.JOCAMR. 37049 2 inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal etc.) due to the presence of these phytochemicals in them. In this study, we intend to conduct qualitative phytochemical screening and to quantitatively evaluate the total phenol, flavonols, tannins, proanthocyanidins and flavonoids contents of the plant, Mormodica charantia. The acute toxicity studies of the methanol leaf extract of M. charantia on mice was conducted to evaluate how safe the plant is in relation to dosage, and this is intended to establish the safety of the plant in mice with reference to OECD guidelines. Furthermore, the analgesic activity of the methanol leaf extract of M. charantia and the free radical scavenging activities of the plant in vitro were demonstrated using various standard procedures. We also intend to profile the major compounds present in the essential oil of the plant understudied using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Summarily, this study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical screening, acute toxicity, analgesic, in vitro antioxidant, as well as the chemical constituents in the essential oil of the methanol leaf extract of M. charantia.
Phylogeny and maternal donor of Roegneria and its affinitive genera (Poaceae: Triticeae) based on sequence data for two chloroplast DNA regions (ndhF and trnH–psbA)

Roegneria C. Koch is a relatively large polyploid perennial genus with 130 species in the Triticeae, and consisting of the St and Y genomes. There are different opinions about whether Roegneria is an independent genus, or whether it should be included in the genus Elymus L. For many species of Roegneria, their genome constitution and phylogenetic relationship are still unknown. More research about the maternal genome donor of the Roegneria species is needed. To investigate the phylogenetic relationships and maternal genome donor of Roegneria and its affinitive genera, phylogenetic analyses of two chloroplast regions ndhF and trnH–psbA sequences were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (i) Campeiostachys Drobow (StYH) and all Roegneria (StY, StStY) species were scattered with Pseudoroegneria Á. Löve (St) species; (ii) R. sinica Keng, R. schugnanica (Nevski) Nevski, R. seriotina Keng, and Elymus calcicolus (Keng) Á. Löve containing the St genome; (iii) there was differentiation among species of Pseudoroegneria; and (iv) the St genome in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species are divergent. Thus, it is suggested that: (i) Pseudoroegneria served as the maternal genome donor of Roegneria, including four species with unknown genomic constitutions (R. sinica, R. schugnanica, R. seriotina, and E. calcicolus); (ii) species of Roegneria or Pseudoroegneria might serve as the maternal genome donor of Campeiostachys; and (iii) the St genome has undergone differentiation during polyploidization in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species.
Das Archaeon Nitrososphaera viennensis

Ammoniak oxidierende Archaea sind überall in der Umwelt zu finden, wurden aber dennoch erst vor gut zehn Jahren entdeckt. Heute werden sie als eine der häufigsten mikrobiellen Gruppen angesehen, insbesondere, da sie bis zu 30% des Picoplanktons im Meer darstellen und auch in Böden hohe Dichten erreichen. Der globale Stickstoffkreislauf ist durch die intensivierte Landwirtschaft enorm belastet. Wichtige Schritte darin, wie die Nitrifikation, werden ausschließlich von Mikroorganismen durchgeführt. Daher ist es umso wichtiger geworden, Ammoniak oxidierende Archaea, die an diesem Schritt beteiligt sind, zu erforschen. Da diese Archaea schwer kultivierbar sind, wurden ihre Verbreitung und Bedeutung erst vor kurzem mit molekularen Methoden aufgedeckt. Nun gibt es erste Isolate, wie den Typstamm Nitrososphaera viennensis, der aus einem Garten in Wien kultiviert wurde. Seine Erforschung könnte längerfristig dazu beitragen, Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung von Stickstoff‐ und Treibhausgasemissionen zu finden und anzuwenden.
Foliar Application of Potassium Sulfate Partially Alleviates Pre-anthesis Drought-induced Kernel Abortion in Maize

Reproductive success in cereals is determined primarily by grain setting and grain filling. The kernel abortion in maize during pre-anthesis drought has been widely studied, but the reasons behind this abortion are still largely unknown. The present study investigated the impact of drought stress (control and drought) around pollination and foliar sprays of potassium (K; 0, 1, 2 and 5% K2SO4) on leaf K concentrations and yield determinants of maize under greenhouse and field conditions. Results of both experiments revealed that drought stress before pollination strongly reduced the cob fresh weights, number of grains per cob and hence grain yields. While cob length, cob diameter and grain weights were only slightly affected by drought. Potassium concentrations in cob leaves of drought stressed plants were slightly below the critical threshold values. Foliar spray of 2 and 5% K significantly increased the leaf K concentration, number of grains per cob and grain yield in drought treatments of both experiments. Foliar application of K had little or no significant effect on growth and yield determinants of control plants. It is concluded that potassium deficiency could be one factor associated with poor kernel setting under drought stress. Foliar application of 2 and 5% K2SO4 before silking can significantly improve grain number and grain yield in droughtstressed maize. © 2017 Friends Science Publishers
Development of diagnostic tools to predict incidence of bitter pit during apple storage

Bitter pit is an important physiological disorder of many apple cultivars where the low uptake and poor distribution of calcium within the cortex of apples pervades. Controlled atmosphere storage and application of 1-MCP (SmartFreshSM) can delay the onset of bitter pit symptoms by delaying maturity and senescence; however, significant losses may occur in long-term stored apples. It is hard to detect internal bitter pit using external examination alone. Previous studies have focused on improving pre-harvest prediction and curative treatments before harvest. Present prediction models are based on history of orchards, mineral analysis 2-3 weeks before harvest and quality assessments and monitoring over storage time. This study aimed to identify a greater understanding of the storage potential of fruit based on destructive standard quality assessments, biochemical and molecular analysis, also a non-destructive monitoring method by chlorophyll fluorescence at the point of harvest and monitoring during storage for developing more reliable prediction models to improve storage management. The role of free and conjugated calcium in maintaining cellular integrity and the relationship between biochemical and fluorescence changes and development of bitter pit were investigated. A diagnostic model based on comparison of changes of ascorbic acid during storage was developed. Another diagnostic model based on changes in the proportion of calcium oxalate content during storage in comparison with harvest was developed to identify samples with higher propensity to bitter pit. Also chlorophyll fluorescence was investigated as a non-destructive method for monitoring fruit during storage and prediction models for detecting changes in the maturity of fruit and developing bitter pit and reduction of fluorescence during storage as an alert to identify incidence of bitter pit were developed. Furthermore, changes in gene expression profiles of a limited number of genes like calmodulin showed the differences in patterns of transcripts between apples suffering from bitter pit and healthy apples. All the suggested methods have potential of being commercialised and applied practically to improve apple fruit store management. It would be possible to build a multi variate model for predicting the onset of bitter pit development in apple by combination of two or more suggested diagnostic tools.
Dissercting the activities of Capicua, Dorsal and Groucho in Drosophila dorsoventral patterning

Durante el desarrollo temprano de los animales bilaterales se forman estructuras especificas y se establecen ejes corporales. El establecimiento de los ejes corporales requiere el funcionamiento preciso y coordinado de vias de senalizacion y factores de transcripcion que producen cambios a nivel genetico. En esta tesis, nos hemos centrado en la formacion del eje dorsoventral (DV) en el embrion temprano de Drosophila melanogaster, que esta regulado mayoritariamente por el factor nuclear Dorsal (Dl). Nos hemos enfocado en la represion transcripcional que ocurre durante dicho proceso. Mediante analisis geneticos y bioquimicos hemos descrito el papel de otro factor nuclear, el represor Capicua (Cic) en la represion de genes dianas de Dl. Nuestro estudio demuestra una implicacion directa de Cic en la represion de los genes diana de Dl. Hemos visto una union directa de Cic en cis-elementos que estan adjuntos a los sitios de union de Dl en los promotores de los genes diana. La union de Cic a estos sitios ocurre con baja afinidad y, como consecuencia, depende de la presencia de Dl en el nucleo. Ademas, hemos demostrado que Cic es el elemento clave para el reclutamiento del corepresor Groucho (Gro) a las secuencias reguladoras de los genes reprimidos en el eje DV. Por ultimo, hemos visto que la regulacion de Cic por la via de senalizacion RTK Torso es el mecanismo principal de modulacion de la represion de los genes diana de Dl en las extremidades del embrion
Multimodal Interaction Semantic Architecture for Ambient Intelligence

Il existe encore de nombreux domaines dans lesquels des moyens doivent etre explores pour ameliorer l'interaction homme-systeme. Ces systemes doivent avoir la capacite de tirer avantage de l'environnement pour ameliorer l'interaction. Et ceci afin d'etendre les capacites du systeme (machine ou robot) dans le but de se rapprocher du langage naturel utilise par les etres humains. Nous proposons une methodologie pour resoudre le probleme d'interaction multimodale adaptee aux differents contextes en definissant et modelisant une architecture distribuee qui s'appuie sur les standards du W3C et des services Web (agents semantiques et services d'entree / sortie) qui travaillent dans un environnement d'intelligence ambiante. Cette architecture est realisee en utilisant le modele des systemes multi-agents. Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, nous avons besoin de modeliser l'environnement en utilisant un langage de representation des connaissances et de communication (EKRL, Ontologie). Le modele de l'environnement obtenu est utilise dans deux principaux processus d'inference semantique: la fusion et la fission des evenements a differents niveaux d'abstraction. Ces operations sont sensibles au contexte. Le systeme de fusion interprete, comprend l'environnement et detecte le scenario qui se passe. Le systeme de fission interprete le scenario, le divise en tâches elementaires et execute les tâches qui necessitent la decouverte, la selection et la composition de services appropries dans l'environnement pour repondre aux differents objectifs. L'adaptation au contexte de l’environnement est basee sur la technique d'apprentissage par renforcement multi-niveaux. L'architecture globale de fusion et fission est validee et developpee dans notre framework (agents, services, concentrateurs EKRL) par l'analyse de differentes performances sur des cas d'utilisation tels que la surveillance et l'assistance dans les activites quotidiennes a la maison et en ville.
Evaluation of M2/ANXA5 Haplotype and P53 Codon 72 Polymorphism in a Patient with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Ectopic Pregnancy and Recurrent Implantation Failure

Abstract Repeated implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss are foremost problems faced by couples undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Impairment of placental vascularisation often caused by thrombophilias has been the major cause for such consequences. Annexin A5 is a placental anticoagulant protein, which promotes good blood supply to the fetus throughout gestation. M2 haplotype of ANXA5 leads to reduced gene expression which may lead to hypercoaguability in inter villous space ultimately resulting in early pregnancy loss. In addition to this another gene p53 plays a vital role in inducing apoptosis as well as angiogenesis, it also regulates female reproduction besides blastocyst implantation through leukemia inhibiting factor. Here the researchers report a 25-year-old female with recurrent implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss subjected to genetic testing which revealed the prevalence of M2/ANXA5 haplotype and there is no p53 codon 72 polymorphism. The case here highlights the key role of Annexin and p53 gene in reproductive outcome.
The innate immune response against mycobacterial infection : analysis by a combination of light and electron microscopy

In this thesis the zebrafish tail fin infection model is presented, which enables the study of a complex immune response towards (myco)bacterial infection using a combination of light and electron microscopy. The induction of autophagy upon a mycobacterial infection as an important innate immune response was visualized using correlative light and electron microscopy. Studying the role of leukocyte dynamics and function during the course of infection provided new insights into the complex host-pathogen interactions. Using a myd88 mutant zebrafish line it was shown that the recruitment of leukocytes towards the site of infection and subsequent phagocytosis of bacteria is dependent on MyD88-mediated signaling. With the advancement of medical translational studies using zebrafish disease models, the tail fin infection model may 104 5 provide new opportunities to develop novel therapies against pathogenic infections like tuberculosis.
Declining growth of deciduous shrubs in the warming climate of continental western Greenland

Observational and experimental studies have generally shown that warming is associated with greater growth and abundance of deciduous shrubs in arctic ecosystems. It is uncertain, however, if this trend will persist in the future. Our study examined growth responses of deciduous shrubs to climate change over the late 20th and early 21st centuries near Kangerlussuaq in western Greenland. We combined shrub dendrochronology, stable isotope analysis and weekly measurements of leaf gas exchange to examine the drivers of secondary growth in two widespread and dominant deciduous shrub species: Salix glauca and Betula nana. Betula showed a dramatic growth decline beginning in the early 1990s, when correlations between growing season air temperature and growth shifted from neutral to strongly negative. Salix also showed a growth decline, but it began slightly later and was more pronounced among older stems. May–August mean air temperature of c. 7°C appeared to be an important threshold. Carbon isotope discrimination (∆13C) in α‐cellulose of Salix growth rings declined strongly during the period of reduced growth, suggesting drought‐induced stomatal closure as a possible cause. Leaf gas exchange of Salix was also highly sensitive to seasonal variation in moisture availability. Betula growth declined more dramatically than Salix, but leaf gas exchange was less sensitive to moisture availability and there was less evidence of a ∆13C trend. We hypothesize that the dramatic Betula growth decline might reflect the combined effects of increasing moisture limitation, repeated defoliation during recent moth outbreaks and greater browsing by a growing muskoxen population. Synthesis. Our findings contrast with widespread observations of increasing shrub growth in the Arctic and instead point to a potential decline in the flux of carbon into a pool with a long mean residence time (wood). While our study area is warmer and drier than much of the Arctic, our results may serve as an early indicator of potential effects of rising temperature in other arctic ecosystems.
Genetic modifications of horticultural plants by induced mutations and transgenic approach

Climate change has pressed the need to develop improved horticultural crop cultivars capable of tolerating extreme environmental conditions besides sustaining yield and quality. Induced mutations provide a viable option for the generation of a novel genetic variation. In horticultural crops, more than 800 mutant cultivars have so far been developed, and a majority of them are ornamentals followed by vegetables, fruits, decorative trees, berries, nuts, ornamentals and other plants. Transgenic technology has also led to the improvement of horticultural crops for plant type, fruitshelf life, floral and quality assets besides resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Mutagenesis techniques have been integrated with in vitro culture and other molecular biology technologies, such as molecular markers and high-throughput mutation screening, thereby becoming more powerful and effective in crop breeding.
Efecto del tipo de explante y la frecuencia de inmersión en la producción de microtubérculos de papa cv. `Andinita' en Sistemas de Inmersión Temporal

The potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops. Commercial production of microtubers in temporary immersion systems could represent a qualitative step in the production of planting material. This study aimed to determine the effect of explant type and immersion frequency in the formation and development of microtubers of potato cv. `Andinita' in temporary immersion systems. The effect of three immersion frequencies (every 2, 3 and 4 h) and three types of explants (apical buds, first and second nodal segments) was evaluated. Each culture vessel was inoculated with 100 explants, for a total of nine treatments with three replicates each one. In all treatments with an immersion every 4 h were achieved best results with respect to height of the plants, whereas, by combining this immersion frequency and apical buds, was obtained the higher number of nodal segments per plant (10.5). In the tuberization stage over 88% of the microtubers obtained presented a diameter greater than 4.0 mm and a fresh mass that ranged between 0.5 and 3.5 g. It was shown that both the immersion frequency and the type of explant influenced the quality and number of microtubers produced. The best results were obtained with an immersion every 4 h and apical buds as initial explants with 4.9 microtubers per plant. Key words : apical buds, immersion frequency, seed