Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of recognition nucleotides for Escherichia coli phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.

The nucleotides in Escherichia coli tRNA(Phe) required for recognition by its cognate synthetase have been determined in vitro by measuring the kinetic parameters for aminoacylation using mutant tRNA(Phe) transcripts with purified E. coli tRNA(Phe) synthetase. The substitution of 11 nucleotides in E. coli tRNA(Phe) is shown to decrease the kcat/KM by as much as 1000-fold relative to the wild type. The most important recognition elements are the three anticodon nucleotides G34, A35, and A36. The recognition set also includes nucleotides in the variable pocket (U20 and U59), the acceptor end (A73), and the tRNA central core (G10, C25, A26, G44, and U45). Many of the recognition nucleotides are also among the residues comprising the identity set determined in vivo using an amber suppressor tRNA(Phe) [McClain, W. H. , & Foss, K. (1988) J. Mol. Biol. 202, 697-709]. As could be anticipated from the very different methods used, some nucleotides in the identity set determined by the suppressor method were not among the recognition nucleotides and vice versa. The E. coli tRNA(Phe) recognition data can also be compared to the recognition sets for yeast and human tRNA(Phe) determined previously. The results indicate that the mechanism by which phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases recognize their substrates seems to have diverged somewhat among different species. For example, nucleotide 20 in the D-loop, the anticodon nucleotides and the discriminator base 73 are important for the recognition by all three enzymes. However, recognition of the tRNA central core nucleotides is unique to E. coli FRS. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Majority cycles in national elections

This paper provides information on cycle probabilities for 147 national elections and tests if a high level of political information reduces the empirical probability of Condorcet cycles. We construct preference ratings for parties and party leaders from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems survey database, and we identify three cyclical group preferences for parties and three cyclical preferences for party leaders in 147 elections studied. Only one of these cycles affects the winner and, therefore, no best alternative exists. A bootstrapping exercise shows that the probability of a majority cycle in none of these six cases exceeds 40%. Our results suggest, therefore, that Condorcet cycles in national elections are rare. We compare subsamples of well and less informed citizens to test if the absence of cycles is caused by a similar assessment of parties and leaders of large groups of politically informed voters. We find some evidence for this hypothesis as cycles are more likely in the sample of less sophisticated voters.
Temporal Patterns of Cognitive Activity and Breath Control in Speech

Two aspects of spontaneous speech, the cognitive and the syntactic, were examined as potential regulators of the incidence of breathing during speech. During passages of prose read aloud breaths were taken exclusively at gaps in speech designated as grammatical junctures. During samples of spontaneous speech approximately one third of the breaths were taken at gaps in speech which could not be so described. The sequential temporal structuring of spontaneous speech reveals passages which appear principally to be given over to decisions about content alternating with fluent passages which appear to be the product of the preceding passage. Passages primarily characterised by cognition have a significantly lower proportion of breaths taken at grammatical junctures than the more fluent passages.
Detection of cytomegalovirus from blood leukocytes separated by sepracell-MN and Ficoll-Paque/Macrodex methods

Two density gradient separation techniques for separation of blood leukocytes were compared for the laboratory diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia. Of 510 blood specimens processed by both methods, 76 (14.9%) yielded CMV. Of the 76 positive specimens, 66 (87%) and 65 (86%) were processed by the Ficoll-Paque/Macrodex (F-P/M; Macrodex is dextran 70 in normal saline; Pharmacia, Pisataway, N.J.) and Sepracell-MN methods, respectively. Of the 76 CMV-positive blood specimens, 72 (95%) were detected in shell vial cell cultures, whereas only 42 (55%) were detected in conventional tube cell cultures. The time for recognition of specific cytopathic effects due to CMV in tube cell cultures (8.0 versus 7.1 days), the number of fluorescent foci in each positive shell vial culture (19.3 versus 20.1), and the costs of the reagents ($3.50 versus $2.80) were similar and independent of the leukocyte separation method (F-P/M versus Sepracell-MN). Recovery of CMV from heparinized blood (F-P/M method) was similar to that from EDTA-anticoagulated blood (Sepracell-MN method). The Sepracell-MN method is a rapid and sensitive method for detection of CMV from blood specimens and is recommended as a replacement for the more tedious and time-consuming F-P/M procedure.
[Radiosensitization effect of black garlic extract on lung cancer cell line Lewis cells].

OBJECTIVE To explore the radiosensitization effect of black garlic extract (BGE) on lung cancer cell line Lewis cells. METHODS The inhibition rate of lung cancer cells after BGE action was detected by MTT. Effect of BGE combined radiotherapy on the colony formation rate was observed by cloning formation assay. Changes of the cell morphology were observed by Hoechst staining. Changes of the cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Real time PCR was used to detect mRNA expressions of bcl-2 and bax. RESULTS BGE could have significant inhibitory action on the growth of lung cancer Lewis cells. The combination of BGE and radiotherapy (by 60Co gamma) significantly induced Lewis cells' apoptosis in G2/M stage, obviously decreased the expression of bcl-2, and up-regulated the expression of bax. CONCLUSIONS BGE could sensitize the lung cancer Lewis cells to ionizing irradiation. This effect might be probably caused by changing the cell cycles and affecting expressions of bax and bcl-2.
Selection for Hyoscyamine and Cinnamoyl Putrescine Overproduction in Cell and Root Cultures of Hyoscyamus muticus

Hairy root cultures of Hyoscyamus muticus have been shown to produce stable levels of tropane alkaloids comparable to those found in whole plants. In contrast, cell cultures of this and other solanaceous species produce only trace amounts of alkaloids but can be used for selection of metabolic variants. We have taken advantage of both systems and the ability to convert between them in vitro in an effort to select for increased production of the tropane alkaloid hyoscyamine. Hairy roots were converted into cell suspensions by addition of 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to Murashige-Skoog medium (T. Murashige and F. Skoog [1962] Physiol Plant 15: 473–497) and screened for resistance to the amino acid analog p-fluorophenylalanine (PFP). Cells that could grow in media containing 400 [mu]M PFP were selected and cloned from single cells. The resistant cells accumulated high levels of cinnamoyl putrescines, which share the same biosynthetic precursors as hyoscyamine. Hairy root cultures were regenerated from both PFP-sensitive and PFP-resistant cells by removing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from the medium. Resistance to PFP continued to be expressed in regenerated roots. Higher levels of hyoscyamine were found in hairy roots regenerated from PFP-resistant cells than were found in controls. We suggest that the precursors overproduced by the PFP-resistant cells can be diverted into the hyoscyamine pathway upon the regeneration of root cultures.
Folliculin – A tumor suppressor at the intersection of metabolic signaling and membrane traffic

ABSTRACT The Birt-Hoge-Dubé syndrome tumor suppressor Folliculin is a regulator of metabolism and has as a wide range of cellular and organismal phenotypes associated with its disruption. However, the molecular mechanisms which underlie its functions are poorly understood. Folliculin has been described to associate with lysosomes in response to nutrient depletion and form a key part of the signaling network that controls the activity of mTORC1. We recently reported that Folliculin can control the nutrient dependent cytoplasmic distribution of lysosomes by promoting the formation of a complex with the Golgi-associated small GTPase Rab34 and its effector RILP. We thus define a mechanistic connection between the lysosomal nutrient signaling network and the transport machinery that controls the distribution and dynamics of this organelle. Here we summarise the main conclusions from that study, attempt to integrate our findings with other recent studies on lysosome distribution/dynamics, and discuss the potential consequences of the dysregulation of this processes caused by Folliculin loss for Birt-Hoge-Dubé syndrome and normal cell function.
Nucleocytoplasmic Partitioning of the Plant Photoreceptors Phytochrome A, B, C, D, and E Is Regulated Differentially by Light and Exhibits a Diurnal Rhythm Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.001156.

The phytochrome family of plant photoreceptors has a central role in the adaptation of plant development to changes in ambient light conditions. The individual phytochrome species regulate different or partly overlapping physiological responses. We generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing phytochrome A to E:green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins to assess the biological role of intracellular compartmentation of these photoreceptors in light-regulated signaling. We show that all phytochrome:GFP fusion proteins were imported into the nuclei. Translocation of these photoreceptors into the nuclei was regulated differentially by light. Light-induced accumulation of phytochrome species in the nuclei resulted in the formation of speckles. The appearance of these nuclear structures exhibited distinctly different kinetics, wavelengths, and fluence dependence and was regulated by a diurnal rhythm. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the import of mutant phytochrome B:GFP and phytochrome A:GFP fusion proteins, shown to be defective in signaling in vivo, is regulated by light but is not accompanied by the formation of speckles. These results suggest that (1) the differential regulation of the translocation of phytochrome A to E into nuclei plays a role in the specification of functions, and (2) the appearance of speckles is a functional feature of phytochrome-regulated signaling.
Improved feature selection based on a mutual information measure for hyperspectral image classification

Hyperspectral images contain a large amount of information which presents a major challenge for efficient classification. In this paper the information content of each spectral band is analyzed and an improved feature selection technique is proposed for the minimization of dependent information while maximizing the relevancy based on normalized mutual information (NMI). Experimental results are provided for comparisons among some relevant and recentmethods for hyperspectral feature selection in terms of their classification accuracy using real hyperspectral images.
Anatomical observations of the human acromioclavicular joint

The condition of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is considered to be one factor in the etiology of shoulder impingement syndrome, but there are few supporting morphological data. Fifty‐two sides of 35 cadavers were investigated macroscopically and histologically using Safranin O, Fast green, and Weigert's iron hematoxylin staining. The ACJs were classified into three major types depending on the presence or absence of the articular disk. In type 1, the articular disk divided the articular cavity completely (n = 2; 3.8%). In type 2, the articular disk was incomplete and divided the joint cavity incompletely (n = 13; 25%). Type 2 was further divided into subtypes 2a and 2b depending on the configurations of the articular facets. In type 3, no articular disk was found in the joint cavity (n = 37; 71.2%). Type 3 was further divided into subtypes 3a, 3b, and 3c depending on the configurations of the articular surfaces. Fewer than half of the ACJ specimens (22/52 or 42.3%) demonstrated an ellipsoid character in which axial rotation was limited. Histological observation revealed that the upper part of the articular disk of the ACJ comprised fibrocartilage while the lower part comprised dense connective tissue. In cases where the ACJ appears to be an ellipsoid joint, its limited axial rotation restricts posterior tilting of the scapula during arm elevation, which could contribute to shoulder impingement syndrome. Clin. Anat. 27:1046–1052, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Miniature Viking-Age Hogback from the Wirral

A Viking-Age hogback, recently discovered in the Wirral, is the smallest known example of this type of stone monument and forms part of a marked concentration of tenth- and eleventh-century carvings around the beach market at Meols. Its elaborate decoration is not only allusively Christian but visually asserts an identity with Hiberno-Norse groups in north Yorkshire.
Dose of exercise and health benefits.

There is a growing consensus that a fit and active way of life makes substantial contributions to health and function. Several recent reports 1-5 from scientific and public health groups underscore this point and conclude that physical inactivity is a major public health problem in the United States and many other countries. There is a general agreement in these various reports that moderate amounts and intensities of exercise provide important health benefits. For example, the Surgeon General's report 1 concludes that health can be improved by "becoming even moderately active on a regular basis. " As Williams 6 points out in his article in this issue of theARCHIVES, some people, especially headline writers, take the recent public health recommendations for physical activity to mean there is no further benefit to be obtained from high levels of high-intensity exercise. Williams states in his discussion that these recommendations "deemphasize the importance of
Testing of critical paths for delay faults

Testing the critical paths in a circuit is essential to cover distributed delay and small delay defects in a manufactured circuit. However, in most circuits, only a small percentage of functionally irredundant critical paths (which can affect the cycle time) are robustly testable. We propose the covering of defects on untestable critical paths by robustly testing the longest testable segments lying on those paths. This method is scalable to large circuits since the task of segment delay fault test generation has complexity similar to path delay fault test generation. Experimental results have been given to demonstrate that significant additional coverage of defects on critical paths can be achieved using this technique.
Studies in Motor Behavior

Research focused on human motor development, learning, and control has been a prominent feature in the Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (RQES) since it was first published in 1930. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the papers in the RQES that demonstrate the journal’s contributions to the study of motor development, learning, and control. The landmark study by Henry and Rogers (1960), the C. H. McCloy lectures, and theoretical and review papers in motor behavior are highlighted. The RQES has served as a significant outlet for research in development, learning, and control throughout its 75-year history. The convergence of the theories, research methods and analytical tools lead to the proposition that these three areas have evolved into a field best described as motor behavior.
Mucosal Immunity and Evasion Strategies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the gonococcus, is a gram-negative diplococcus which causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea (Figure 1). The contagious nature of gonococcal infection remains a major global health problem and represents 88 million new cases every year (WHO, 2011). N. gonorrhoeae is transmitted by human to human contact and is highly adapted to the genital tract, surviving poorly outside the human body. However, gonococcus develops resistance to antimicrobials, antigenic variability and mechanisms of immune evasion by which it evades host defenses, thus persisting and often causing undetected asymptomatic infection (Tapsall, 2001).
On Applying Graph Theory to ILP Analysis

The evaluation of computer architectures requires new tools that complement the customary simulations. Graph theory can help to create a new frame of fine grain parallelism analysis. The differences found between the superscalar performance in x86 and non-x86 processors and the peculiar characteristics of the x86 instruction set architecture recommend to carry out a thorough study of the available parallelism at the machine language layer. Starting off from graph theory foundations, new concepts are introduced, from reduced valence to data dependence matrix D, the latter characterizing a code sequence in a mathematical manner. This matrix satisfies a series of properties and restrictions and provides information about the ability of the code to be processed concurrently. The different sources of data dependencies can be composed, facilitating a way to analyze their final influence on the degree of parallelism.
Chemical Composition of Exosporium from Spores of Bacillus cereus

Homogeneous fragments of exosporium were extricated in centigram amounts from dormant spores of Bacillus cereus and analyzed for intrinsic constituents. The membrane proved to be chemically complex but not unique, consisting mainly of protein (52%), amino and neutral polysaccharides (20%), lipids (18%), and ash (4%). Seventeen common amino acids were identified by chromatography, and were present in usual proportions except for low levels of cystine-cysteine, methionine, tyrosine, and histidine. Glucosamine was the only amino sugar, and glucose and rhamnose were the principal neutral sugars. The lipid fraction contained 5.5% cardiolipin as the only phospholipid, 12.5% neutral lipids, and at least 19 fatty acids, among which normal C16 and C18 ones predominated. Calcium and phosphorus occurred in the ash. Small amounts of teichoic, ribonucleic, and dipicolinic acids were believed to represent contamination.
Cultura Organizacional e Gestão de Equipes de Alto Rendimento: Os Casos FC Barcelona, Sporting Club de Portugal e AFC Ajax

800x600 Em todo o mundo, a chamada Industria do Esporte vem experimentando vertiginoso crescimento financeiro. Com isso, o papel das agremiacoes esportivas adquiriu especial importância dentro da sociedade contemporânea global. A relevância do planejamento estrategico dessas organizacoes fez crescer a necessidade dos clubes esportivos investirem em estrategias que permitam o seu correto posicionamento no mercado e as suas conquistas no campo esportivo. A implantacao e o desenvolvimento de uma cultura organizacional que permita o desenvolvimento de uma identidade do clube que agregue todos os seus stakeholders – atletas, torcedores, patrocinadores, marcas, investidores e outros -, e uma dessas estrategias. A criacao estrategica e planejada de valores e principios organizacionais que equilibrem resultados economicos, mercadologicos e financeiros, com a performance esportiva, colabora para o desenvolvimento e implantacao de uma cultura, que gera receita e traz conquistas no campo esportivo. O objetivo deste artigo e analisar tres casos de sucesso – FC Barcelona, da Espanha; Sporting Club de Portugal; e, AFC Ajax, da Holanda -, de organizacoes esportivas que implantaram estrategias dessa natureza na Europa. Pretendemos, com isso, estimular agremiacoes esportivas do Brasil a adotarem estrategias semelhantes. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Enhanced thermoelectric performance of CdO : Ag nanocomposites.

CdO : Ag nanocomposites with metallic Ag nanoparticles embedded in the polycrystalline CdO matrix were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The addition of Ag led to increased grain boundaries of CdO and created numerous CdO/Ag interfaces. By incorporating Ag into the CdO matrix, the power factor was increased which was probably due to the carrier energy filtering effect induced by the enhanced energy-dependent scattering of electrons. In addition, reduced thermal conductivity was also achieved by stronger phonon scattering from grain boundaries, CdO/Ag interfaces and Ag nanoparticles. These concomitant effects resulted in enhanced ZT values for all CdO : Ag nanocomposites, demonstrating that the strategy of introducing metallic Ag nanoparticles into the CdO host was very effective in optimizing the thermoelectric performance.
Early and Late Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug‐Eluting Stents for Dialysis Patients

Abstract Background: Advances in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug‐eluting stents (DES) have impacted clinical practice. However, the efficacy of DES for dialysis patients still remains controversial. This study compares the early and long‐term clinical outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and PCI with DES in dialysis patients. Methods: A retrospective review was performed in 125 dialysis patients treated between 2004 and 2007. Fifty‐eight patients underwent CABG and 67 underwent PCI with DES. The overall death, cardiac death, and cardiac‐related event rates were analyzed using the Kaplan‐Meier method. For the risk‐adjusted comparisons, multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were used. Results: The preoperative characteristics of the patients were similar except for the ejection fraction (p = 0.002) and the number of diseased vessels (p < 0.001). The 30‐day mortality was 0 in both groups. The overall survival rates at one, three, and five years were 84.2%, 64.7%, and 56.2% in CABG group and 88.2%, 75.5%, and 61.7% in DES group, respectively (p = 0.202). The rates of freedom from cardiac‐related events at one, three, and five years were 76.6%, 68.1%, and 48.6%, and 63.0%, 31.4%, and 0% in CABG and DES groups (p < 0.001), respectively, including seven (10%) late thromboses in the DES group. Although the risk‐adjusted analysis showed no significant difference for overall and cardiac death rates, the rates of cardiac‐related events and graft/stent failure were significantly higher in the DES group. Conclusions: CABG is superior for revascularization in dialysis patients compared with PCI using DES in terms of freedom from cardiac‐related events.