Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute oral administration of sodium fluoride on the activities of sialidase and brain of adult mice

The use of fluorine and its compounds is widespread and adverse effects have been documented. Fluoride compounds which are put in water (fluorida tion), toothpaste and supplement tablets cross the blood brain barrier are said to be mutagenic and de stroys brain cells. Aim: Determination of sialic ac id levels in the brain tissues, haemoglobin-free eryth rocytes and serum, activities of the enzyme substrat e 4-Methylumbelliferyl-Neu5Ac and the histological ch anges of the hippocampus of mice following acute oral administration of Sodium Fluoride. Forty eight mice were subdivided into eight groups of six with weights ranging between 20 and 34 grams. Daily oral dose of 0mg, 0.5mg, 1mg, 5mg, 10mg, 15mg, 20mg and 30mg/kg BW/day of fluoride was administered to the mice in groups I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and V III respectively for fourteen days. Blood samples and b rain tissues were collected for sialic acid analyse s and histological changes. The data obtained were su bjected to statistical analysis and showed statistically significant differences between the e xperimental groups (p < 0.05). The dose of 20mg/kg b wt. /day of fluoride showed sparse distribution of pyramidal cells in the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus. 20mg/ml of Sodium fluoride even in acu te use may be toxic to the brain.
ÉTUDE HISTOCHIMIQUE ET HISTOENZYMOLOGIQUE DU FOIE DE PSAMMOMYS OBESUS PRIS COMME MODÈLE POUR L'ÉTUDE DU DIABÈTE ET DE SES COMPLICATIONS HÉPATIQUES

Une expression courante du syndrome metabolique, chez le rat des sables Psammomys obesus, etroitement relie au diabete de type 2 est un dysfonctionnement profond du systeme enzymatique et une serieuse alteration des hepatocytes qui induisent de graves affections hepatiques. Cette etude se propose d'evaluer les changements histopathologiques, histochimiques et histoenzymologique du tissu hepatique du Psammomys obesus soumis a un regime alimentaire hypercalorique (RHC) sans hyperphagie, pendant le developpement de l'obesite et du diabete. Notre etude a dure 15 mois et a concerne 10 rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) et 62 rats des sables repartis en 2 lots : 24 utilises comme temoins, soumis au regime des plantes halophiles (20-22 cal/j), et 38 (15 mâles et 23 femelles) soumis au RHC (32.5 cal/j) et de l'eau salee (0.9 %) ad libitum. Sur le plan histochimique et histoenzymologique 20 activites enzymatiques et 5 substances macromoleculaires ont ete examinees. L'experience a montre que plusieurs activites histoenzymatiques se sont profondement modifiees chez les rongeurs du desert par rapport au rat Wistar. Nous avons note, en particulier, que les activites des esterases carboxyliques et des cholinesterases, responsables des activites lipolytiques chez le rat des sables, sont extremement faibles comparees a celles observees chez le rat Wistar, considere comme un modele animal diabetoresistant. Mais les hepatocytes du rat des sables se distinguent fondamentalement de ceux du rat Wistar, par une G6P beaucoup plus faible, qui pourrait expliquer l'adaptation metabolique de cet animal a un regime sans carbohydrates. Cette « carence » naturelle en G6P s'aggrave durant le RHC par l'accroissement de la G6Pase qui permet de mettre encore plus de glucose dans la circulation sanguine. Lorsque l'on compare les animaux atteints de diabete non insulinodependants (DNID) aux insulinodependants (ID), on constate que la phosphorylase et l'UDPG-synthetase, actives chez les obeses et les NID, sont absentes chez les ID pour lesquels on note une hyperactivite de certaines enzymes lysosomiales. Comme chez les humains, on note que le DNID est associe a une eosinopenie, une neutrophilie et a une croissance de la phosphatase alcaline qui indique la presence de necroses hepatocellulaires. Durant le RHC, le foie subit des modifications pathologiques profondes induites par ce regime. Les reactions histochimiques et les modifications histoenzymologiques observees sont en parfaite correlation avec les resultats analytiques Les perturbations des hepatocytes sont semblables a celles observees dans le diabete humain. Cette etude renforce l'idee que des desordres endocriniens, comme le DNID, peuvent etre a l'origine d'affections hepatiques graves et qu'il y a un lien reciproque entre les maladies du foie et ce type de diabete. Notre animal, polygenique naturel, apparait comme un excellent modele bien adapte aux recherches sur les interactions environnement-regime alimentaire et leurs consequences pathologiques au niveau endocrinien.
Late-maturity α-amylase- : Apparent sprout damage without sprouting

onsider this scenario: a breeder has been thrilled with the performance of a new variety. It yields well, its pathogen resistance is standing up well, and millers have liked the early samples provided to them. Then suddenly during the harvest, when the variety is really on trial, harvested loads from some growth regions are rejected due to low falling number values (200 sec or so) when other varieties in the same region are completely sound. The low falling number values are verified by laboratory testing and found to be the result of elevated levels of -amylase activity. This defect cannot readily be explained because there has been no rain at harvest and no grains show visible signs of sprouting! What has gone wrong?
Determinants of Competitiveness of the Swaziland Sugar Industry

The issue of abolishment of trade agreements preferences pose a great threat to the sugar industry in Swaziland. Several questions arise on the global comparative advantage of the sugar industry considering that it is the centre of the country`s economy. This study aimed at estimating the comparative advantage of Swaziland sugar industry in the global market, factors responsible for this comparative advantage, and the factors affecting the competitiveness of the Swaziland sugar industry. The Relative Trade Advantage, multiple linear regression model and Porter`s 1990 National Diamond concept were used to achieve the set objectives, respectively. The study found that the Swaziland sugar industry had a relatively highly comparative advantage in the global market in terms of producing sugar. Results from the regression model indicated that global sugar market prices, exchange rate and export values had a significant influence on Swaziland`s comparative advantage. The Porter`s (1990) National Diamond model analysis revealed factors that enhance competitiveness of the sugar industry including business approach to human resource, relationship and networking, availability of unskilled labour and production of high quality products. Some factors that have a major constraining effect on the competitiveness were the small local market size, cost of transport, and cost of supply of inputs. Government in consultation with the industry representatives should consider development and implementation of an industry policy strategy for the sugar industry intended to ensure its survival. In order to counteract the effects of global market prices and the exchange rate, exploring of new market opportunities is essential. Other strategies would be to improve efficiencies at both field and factory level.
MAGELONIDAE (ANNELIDA, POLYCHAETA) DO LITORAL SUDESTE DO BRASIL

(Magelonidae (Annelida; Polychaeta) from the southeastern Brazilian coast). A systematic survey of the Magelonidae (Annelida; Polychaeta) from the southeastern Brazilian coast (Parana, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States) is presented. A total of six species are described: Magelona papillicomis Muller, 1858; Magelona riojai Jones, 1963; Magelona variolamellata sp. n. ; Magelona posterelongata sp. n. ; Magelona nonatoi sp. n. ; Magelona crenulata sp. n. Apresenta-se um levantamento sistematico da familia Magelonidae (Annelida; Polychaeta) do litoral sudeste do Brasil (Parana, Sao Paulo e Rio de Janeiro), representada regionalmente por seis especies: Magelona papillicomis Muller, 1858; Magelona riojai Jones, 1963; Magelona variolamellata sp. n. ; Magelona posterelongata sp. n. ; Magelona nonatoi sp. n. ; Magelona crenulata sp. n. Descricoes e ilustracoes sao apresentadas para todas as especies, juntamente com uma chave de identificacao.
Ternary mixture of Portland cement, blast furnace slag and limestone: Mechanical Strength and Durability

Resumen Los cementantes compuestos, basados en la sustitucion parcial del cemento por otros minerales y/o subproductos industriales, surgen como una alternativa sostenible tecnica y ambientalmente. Se basan en la introduccion de dos o mas adiciones para obtener mejores propiedades finales a traves de los efectos sinergicos de sus componentes. El presente trabajo estudia el efecto en las propiedades de desempeno de un cemento portland cuando se incorpora adicion de caliza (hasta 20%) y escoria siderurgica de alto horno (hasta 30%), para generar una mezcla ternaria. Las propiedades evaluadas fueron resistencia a la compresion, absorcion y porosidad, succion capilar, permeabilidad a cloruros, y resistencia quimica de los morteros expuestos a sulfatos. Los resultados indican que la resistencia mecanica a compresion de los cementos ternarios es hasta un 35% superior con relacion al mortero de referencia y a su vez presentan menores coeficientes de succion capilar, confirmando la accion tanto de caracter fisico como quimico de los materiales de adicion. Respecto a la resistencia al ataque por sulfatos el mejor comportamiento lo presento la mezcla con menor porcentaje de caliza; en este caso se determinaron los productos de reaccion formados utilizando difraccion de rayos X y microscopia electronica de barrido. Abstract The blended cements based on partial replacement of cement by other minerals and / or industrial by-products arise as a technically and environmentally sustainable alternative. These cements are based on the introduction of two or more additions for better final properties through the synergistic effects of its components. The present research examines the effect on the performance properties of Portland cement with addition of limestone (up to 20%) and blast furnace slag (up to 30%), to generate a ternary mixture. The compressive strength, absorption and porosity, capillary suction, chloride permeability, and chemical resistance of mortars exposed to sulfates were evaluated. The results show that the compressive strength of the cements ternary is up to 35% higher with respect to the reference mortar and in turn have lower coefficients of capillary suction, confirming the action of both physical and chemical nature of the materials addition. The best performance of resistance to sulfates attack was found in mixture with minor proportion of limestone. The characterization of the reaction products was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
Classification method for heterogeneity in monoclonal cell population

Monoclonal cell populations are known to be composed of heterogeneous subpopulations, thus complicating the data analysis. To gain clear insights into the mechanisms of cellular systems, biological data from a homogeneous cell population should be obtained. In this study, we developed a method based on Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) combined with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to divide mixed data into classes, depending on their heterogeneity. In general cluster analysis, the number of measured points is a constraint, and thereby the data must be classified into fewer groups than the number of samples. By our newly developed method, the measured data can be divided into groups depending on their latent effects, without constraints. Our method is useful to clarify all types of omics data, including transcriptome, proteome and metabolic information.
Availability Estimation Model: Fault Perspective

: Availability is one of the most important security criteria for early stage of software development life cycle. Early assessment of availability mainly at design phase helps to make use of its measurements more competently to enhance the security of software product. We elaborate a practical and formal availability model that enables security assessment using fault design factors. The design stage estimation of availability is more practicable for software developer team and protection inexpensively. This paper proposes an “Availability Estimation Model” (AEM OODF ). The proposed model for computing availability point outs the possible influence of design properties and also observe the impact of software security computation with fault attributes at design stage.
National Routine Adult Immunization Programs among World Health Organization Member States: An Assessment of Health Systems to Deploy Future SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

Introduction: As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic disproportionately affects older adults, future pandemic vaccine response will rely on existing adult immunization infrastructures. Methods: We evaluated the 2018 WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form on Immunization for country reports on adult immunization programs. We described countries with programs and used multivariable regression to identify independent factors associated with having them. Results: Of 194 WHO Member States, 120 (62%) reported having any adult vaccination program. The Americas and Europe had the most adult immunization programs, most commonly Hepatitis B and influenza vaccines (>45% and >90% of countries). Africa and South-East Asia had the fewest adult immunization programs, with <11% of countries reporting any adult immunization programs for influenza or hepatitis vaccines, and none for pneumococcal vaccines. In bivariate analyses, high- or upper-middle income, introduction of new or underused vaccines, having achieved pediatric vaccine coverage goals, and meeting National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups basic functional indicators were significantly associated (p<0.001) with having any adult immunization programs. In multivariable analyses, the factor most strongly associated with adult immunization programs was country income, with high- or upper-middle income countries significantly more likely to report having a program (aOR 19.3, 95% CI 6.5, 57.7). Discussion: That 38% of countries lack functional platforms for adult immunization has major implications for future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine deployment. Systems for vaccine storage and handling, delivery, and waste management for adult immunization do not exist in much of the world. Developing countries should strengthen immunization programs to reach adults with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines when they become available.
Regulation of brain adrenergic receptors during aging.

: Recent studies in our laboratory suggest that the synthesis of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in certain tissues from brain and pineal gland may be impaired with age. This decreased ability of the aged brain to synthesize adrenergic receptors may explain the loss of these receptors in selected brain regions during the aging process, as well as the reduced capacity of aged brain tissue to increase or up-regulate the density of these receptors in response to reduced noradrenergic activation of the tissues or to reduced estrogen levels. The reduced adaptability of brain adrenergic receptors, in turn, may account for the decreased ability of aged individuals to adjust their physiological responses to a changing environment.
Cattle transport: Historical, research, and future perspectives

: Transportation and handling is generally regarded as stressful to cattle and includes both physical and psychological stimuli that might be aversive. Historical accounts relate high mortality during the early days of transport and concerns for the welfare of cattle that are similar to those today. Behavior, pathology, and physiology are all used to identify stress in response to transportation. Physiological measures indicate that transport of cattle can result in immune suppression, which can lead to increased susceptibility to disease and might result in increased pathogen shedding. Empirical evidence shows that the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio is markedly increased when cattle are handled and transported. Agonistic behavior also seems to be decreased by crowding and motion of the truck. Loading, loss of balance, and falling are distressful to cattle. For example, mean heart rates of cattle transported on smooth roads are lower than those
Biometry and Pathology of Internal Genital Organs of Female Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) In Lahore, Pakistan

: A total of 260 ovaries, 260 oviducts and 130 cervices of 130 female camels including 15 female camel calves, 34 female camel heifers and 81 adult female camels were collected from Lahore abattoir. The biometrical values of both left and right ovaries comprising of length, width, thickness and weight were recorded. Statistically there was no difference in the measurement of both left and right ovaries which however, increased with the advancement of age of camel. The mean length of the oviducts of these 3 age groups of female camels showed no difference between the mean length of both left and right oviducts of same group but difference between the group and the length of the oviducts increased with the advancement of age. The mean length of cervices of female camels correlated well with the number of cervical annular rings among the age groups. The incidence of diseased condition of ovaries and cervices in the 3 age groups revealed that the incidence of disease condition of ovaries in camel calves was nil and in heifer ovarian hypoplasia 2.94 % on left ovary and follicular cyst 1.23 % in adult female camels on left ovary. The incidence of diseased conditions of cervices in camel calves was nil, mucocervix 2.96 % in heifers and 2.46 % comprising mucocervix 1.23 % and cervicitis 1.23 % in adult camels. The multiple diseased conditions were found 1.53 % out of 130 genitalia. Hematological parameters i.e. Normal TLC (Total Leukocytic Count) values were found higher in calf than in heifer and adult. DLC (Differential Leukocytic Count) values were higher in adult. The neutrophils number was higher while basophils were lower. The values of TLC and DLC were also increased in diseased conditions. The biometrical norms of ovary, oviduct and cervix have been established which could be used as yard stick in diagnosis of pregnancy in female camels. The study of diseased conditions of ovary and cervices has line-lighted the type of disease and their extent in camel. The hematological studies including TLC and DLC in both normal and diseased conditions will be helpful formulating better prophylactic and control measures in future.
Relation between Feeding Types and Surgical Wound Healing of Neonates

Background: Breast milk has antimicrobial and healing properties that actually can help the wound healing. Surgical neonates are at a much higher risk for malnutrition as a result of increased metabolic demands from surgery, nutrient losses, and sepsis. Many methods of feeding are used postoperatively for neonates; oral feeding (breast milk or formula milk), enteral, or parenteral feeding. Aim of this work was to assess the relation between feeding types and surgical wound healing of neonates after. Methods and materials: Comparative descriptive research design was used to carry out this study. It comprised 100 neonates aged less than one month, they were divided into two equal groups as the following: Group 1: received breast milk feeding, Group 2: received formula milk feeding. Tools were developed by the researcher, after that the researcher fulfill assessment sheet and took the photographs were taken by the researcher on the 7th postoperative day and reassessed for second time on the 14th day. Results: Out of the included neonates received breast milk feeding, 78 % were boys, while 22% were girls. Also in the formula-feeding neonates, the majority (58%) of formula feeding neonates' wounds were inflamed, while less than one third (30%) of breast milk feeding neonates' wounds were inflamed during the 7th day. On the other hand 38% of formula fed neonates' wounds were inflamed, while only 8% of breast milk feeding neonates' wounds were inflamed during the 14th day. Conclusion, neonates received breast milk feeding have rapid sound healing, less wound inflammation and receiving more number of daily feeding than formula feeding neonates.
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence for the cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) and its phylogeny

Abstract The cuneate drum, Nibea miichthioides, is a native sciaenid species with relevant commercial importance in China. However, the wild resource represented by this species has been severely damaged owing to overfishing and water pollution. For conserving and recovering the species through appropriate measures, genetic studies on the population are necessary. The complete mitochondrial genome of N. miichthioides is a supplement to the mitogenome database for giant croakers and can be used to address taxonomic problems and phylogenetic relationships in Sciaenidae. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of N. miichthioides. The full length of the complete mitochondrial DNA was 16,490 bp. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and a control region. All 21 tRNA genes can fold into a typical cloverleaf structure except for tRNASer (AGY), which lacks a dihydrouridine arm. The phylogenetic analysis using the complete mitochondrial genome revealed that N. miichthioides, A. amoyensis, N. japonica and A. japonicus might be grouped in Argyrosomus, but not belonged to Nibea of Argyrosominae, which was highly consistent with the proposal of Talwar. This investigation provides an effective molecular tool for genetic research on and protection of this endangered species.
Antimicrobial Activities Of Certain South Indian Medicinal Plants

In the present study antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of six medicinal plants viz. Gynodropsis Pentaphyllum (Capparidaceae family), Solanum nigrum (Solanaceae family), Merremia gangitica (Convolvulaceae family), Cicca acida (Euphorbiaceae family), Erythrina variegata ( Leguminaceae family) and Asparagus fysoxii (Asparagaceae family) were carried out against five pathogenic Bacteria. Out of which three Bacteria are Gram positive - ( Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2079, Streptococcus mutans NCIM 2611, Bacillus cerus NCIM 2106 ) and two Gram negative bacteria - ( Escherichia coli NCIM 2005, Solmonella abony NCIM 2257 ) using disc diffusion method. The respective bacteria were inoculated in a nutrient broth for overnight incubation. In the comparative study of plant extracts with standard drugs, Sterile disc's (HIMEDIA) obtained and respective volume of each extract was dispensed over the disc to attain 10 mcg concentrations each of the disc's were dried and impregnated over the pre-inoculated plates. Finally the zone of inhibition was observed and the inhibitory zone was measured using zone inhibitory scale (HIMEDIA) and the values are noted in mm.
Prakseologiczne uwarunkowania procesu decyzyjnego w ochronie środowiska

In the paper, the author attempts to identify the components and a course of the decision-making process in the area of environmental protection. Simultaneously, he pays attention to its conditions and context. The issues related to environmental protection are presented in a systemic approach with an emphasis on their practical nature. It is due to the necessity of decision making and a specific scheme of conduct. The author constructs such a scheme referring to a control system (in the context of a decision-making problems-solving) proposed by Marian Mazur and presented in the Deming cycle. At the same time, he points to the guidelines and characters of the efficient operation, whereby the broadly understood decision-making process becomes more efficient and more effective. He also pays special attention to the optimization stage including the selection of a precise (the most efficient and the most effective) action meaning a decision. The choice mentioned entails necessity of including certain criteria. Thus, it is disclosed that a decision-making process depends on the defined set of values.