Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivation Factors: Impact on Sales Commission Plan Employees in a Telecommunication Company in Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to uncover factors of motivation among account executives in a telecommunication company after the improvement of sales commission plan program in year 2014. Factors of motivation, such as monetary reward, recognition, affiliation, job security, and work environment that influence account executives motivation have been highlighted. Quantitative method was used in this study with the help of questionnaire data collection. The questionnaires were distributed among one of the telecommunication company account executives. The study found that there are significant differences in motivation level between gender, age, year of service, salary, and workplace of account executives. Monetary reward, job security, and work environment were found as the significant drivers to motivate account executives. The study also found that improvement on public recognition and affiliation factors failed to bring positive impact towards account executives motivation. Consistently, the findings can conclude that there is a relationship between account executives and sales commission plan that can lead to increase in motivation. Despite the positive result, the study can suggest the company to improve its bottom-line where sales commission plan program needs further revision in accordance with account executives factors of motivation.
Super-underweighting of rare events with repeated descriptive summaries

Field studies suggest that providing summarized information concerning the prevalence of risks can increase risk taking when the hazard is rare. We study a simple experimental model of this phenomenon based on repeated descriptive summaries of past outcomes. Under cumulative prospect theory and experience-sampling models, descriptions of rare events should increase the weighting of rare events. On the other hand, if individuals are sensitive to the frequency of events, then event summaries are expected to accentuate the underweighting of rare events despite adding descriptive information. These contrasting predictions were examined in three experiments using a multi-alternative decision task with two sets of options: safe and risky. In all three experiments, repeated descriptive summaries of past outcomes from all alternatives or from a randomly drawn alternative were found to accentuate the underweighting of rare events by a similar amount. The results shed light on the role of frequency-based judgments in the extreme underweighting of rare events and highlight that providing information about the incidence of rare hazards can have the unintended effect of increasing, rather than decreasing, people's propensity to take risks.
Relationship Between Rewards And Motivation Of Employee Performance At Kulim Hi-Tech Industry, Kedah

Human resource is one of the important assets that organization owns. Reward helps management to retain efficient and experienced workforce in an organization. This research work examined the relationship between rewards and motivation of an employee's performance among employees in Kulim Hi-Tech Industry, Kedah. There are two types of reward that contributed to this research, which are the extrinsic reward of compensation and intrinsic reward of recognition. The data and information are collected by using questionnaires, which are distributed to the three organisations in the Kulim Hi-Tech Industry which are AMREC Sirim, First Solar and Inokom. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from one hundred (100) participants through simple random sampling method and data were analyzed by simple regression analysis with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. As for the result, all of two independent variables (extrinsic reward of compensation and intrinsic reward of recognition) that have been studied in this research have significant relationships towards dependent variable (motivation of employee performance) among employees in Kulim Hi-Tech Industry, Kedah.
A Comparison of Financial Robustness in the United States and Turkey During 2007–2010

This study aims to explain that more conservative and supervised but supported banking system can be an advantage during the crises periods. We use the US banking system as the origin of the recent collapse, and the Turkish banking as the more profitable one during the recent crisis years. We have found evidence that, in the context of the specific type of externally initiated yet spreading crisis of confidence and funding that affected world institutions, the structure of the Turkish banks actually turned out to protect the Turkish financial system.
MYC status in concert with BCL2 and BCL6 expression predicts outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

MYC rearrangements occur in 5% to 10% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and confer an increased risk to cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin, and prednisone (CHOP) and rituximab (R)-CHOP treated patients. We investigated the prognostic relevance of MYC-, BCL2- and BCL6-rearrangements and protein expression in a prospective randomized trial. Paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 442 de novo DLBCL treated within the RICOVER study of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL) were investigated using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect protein expression and breaks of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6. Rearrangements of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 were detected in 8.8%, 13.5%, and 28.7%, respectively. Protein overexpression of MYC (>40%) was encountered in 31.8% of tumors; 79.6% and 82.8% of tumors expressed BCL2 and BCL6, respectively. MYC translocations, MYChigh, BCL2high, and BCL6low protein expressions were associated with inferior survival. In multivariate Cox regression modeling, protein expression patterns of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6, and MYC rearrangements were predictive of outcome and provided prognostic information independent of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) for overall survival and event-free survival. A combined immunohistochemical or FISH/immunohistochemical score predicts outcome in DLBCL patients independent of the IPI and identifies a subset of 15% of patients with dismal prognosis in the high-risk IPI group following treatment with R-CHOP. Registered at http://www.cancer. gov/clinicaltrials: RICOVER trial of the DSHNHL is NCT 00052936.
Hyperleptinaemia in chronic heart failure. Relationships with insulin.

BACKGROUND Leptin, a product of the ob gene, is known to increase energy expenditure. Given that chronic heart failure is a hypercatabolic state, we sought to determine whether congestive heart failure involves elevations in plasma leptin levels. Since leptin secretion is up-regulated by insulin, we also explored whether in congestive heart failure, a hyperinsulinaemic state, plasma leptin levels relate to plasma insulin levels. METHODS Male patients with weight-stable congestive heart failure (n = 25, aged 55.5 +/- 2.0, mean +/- SEM, body mass index = 27.4 +/- 0.8, radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction = 29.3 +/- 3.0%) and 18 controls, matched for age, sex and body fat (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), underwent measurement of fasting plasma leptin (radioimmunoassay) and insulin levels. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients with congestive heart failure had higher plasma leptin [8.12 (-1.12, +1.31) vs 4.48 (-0.61, +0.70) ng.ml-1, mean +/- asymmetrical SEM, P = 0.003], 41.5% higher plasma leptin per percent body fat mass (P < 0.001), and higher fasting insulin levels [67.8 (-11.1, +13.3) vs 32.9 (-5.7, +6.9) pmol.l-1, P = 0.010]. In the congestive heart failure group, plasma leptin correlated with total body fat (r = 0.66) and fasting insulin (r = 0.68) (both P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analyses of the congestive heart failure group, fasting insulin (standardized coefficient = 0.41, P = 0.011) emerged as a predictor of plasma leptin levels, independent of total body fat (standardized coefficient = 0.73, P = 0.002, R2 = 0.66, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Plasma leptin levels are raised in patients with congestive heart failure. The observation of a positive relationship between plasma leptin and insulin concentrations suggests that the insulin-leptin axis may be related to the increased energy expenditure observed in patients with congestive heart failure.
Fertility treatment in HIV needs multidisciplinary team

EDITOR—There is a wide difference between rejecting all requests for artificial reproductive treatment in couples infected with HIV or accepting them all, as suggested by Gilling-Smith et al in their editorial.1 Although sperm washing may reduce the risk of contamination, the total number of cases published and documented is much lower than the number reported in the editorial and is insufficient per se to ensure that the risk of contamination has disappeared. Moreover, only sperm tested for the absence …
An extended model and a column generation algorithm for the planar multicommodity flow problem

We present a new model and a column generation algorithm for the linear minimum cost multicommodity flow problem. The new model has two differences when compared to the classic formulation based on flows on paths: it has an additional set of variables and an additional set of inequalities. The extra variables are associated with flows on circuits where some arcs are reversed. The extra inequalities assure that an optimal solution to the extended model can be converted to an optimal solution to the path formulation. In order to obtain an optimal solution to the extended model, we use column generation. The extra variables are explicitly considered in the restricted master problem, from the beginning of the column generation process. The subproblem remains a set of shortest path problems. Our present work is related to the use of dual–optimal inequalities in the sense that we extend a model with additional primal variables/dual inequalities. However, our extended model also has additional primal inequalities/dual variables. We present computational results of our method in planar instances and compare them with standard column generation, a bundle method, and a general‐purpose solver. For the tested instances, there is an effective improvement in computational time of the column generation method when the extended model is used. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 50(1), 3–16 2007
Asymptotic stabilization of nonlinear systems on general manifolds via minimum projection method

Asymptotic stabilization on noncontractible manifolds is known as a difficult control problem. For the problem, we proposed the minimum projection method to design a nonsmooth control Lyapunov function on a manifold. However, how to stabilize the control system defined on the manifold with the obtained control Lyapunov function remains a problem. Then, a Rifford-type formula on general manifolds is proposed with nonsmooth control Lyapunov functions via the minimum projection method in this paper. Moreover, we prove our proposed method asymptotically stabilize the origin of the control system defined on the manifold in the sense of Euler and π-trajectory. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by an example of collision avoidance of a mobile robot.
Stochastic Eulerian model for the flow simulation in porous media

This work deals with the stochastic flow simulation in statistically isotropic and anisotropic saturated porous media in 3D case. The hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a random field with lognormal distribution. Under the assumption of smallness of fluctuations in the hydraulic conductivity we construct a stochastic Eulerian model for the incompressible flow as a divergenceless Gaussian random field with a spectral tensor of a special structure derived from Darcy's law. A randomized spectral representation is then used to simulate this random field. Numerical results are compared with the analytical results obtained by the small pertrubation expansion. A series of test calculations confirmed the high accuracy and computational efficiency of the method. Comparisons with asymptotically exact results show a good agreement.
Antenna Modeling by Frequncy Dependent Hertzian Dipoles using Particle Swarm Optimization

A set of Hertzian dipoles can be obtained to recover the near field of an antenna by using optimization techniques, thus modeling its radiation characteristics [1]. Such a set of dipoles provides a simple and convenient way to study the radiation performance of an antenna embedded in a specific structure whose Green’s function is known, assuming no interaction between the antenna and the structure. Recently, three Hertzian dipole models for a dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) in free space have been obtained and used in a 1-D EBG structure [2]. So far, the Hertzian dipole model has been obtained based on the near-field data at a single frequency [1, 2], and the dipole parameters are constants. Consequently, the Hertzian dipole model is valid only within a narrow frequency band, and thus not suitable for wideband applications. In this paper, a procedure of getting a wideband Hertzian dipole model for an antenna is proposed. All the dipole parameters are frequency dependent as polynomials in the phase constant, and are able to track the variation of the antenna near-field with frequency. With a Particle Swarm Optimization method [3, 4], the polynomial coefficients are determined by minimizing the difference between the field due to the dipoles and the exact near-field at multiple frequencies.
Identifying inefficiencies in the South African primary healthcare supply chain

The primary objective of this study was to identify and investigate perceived inefficiencies within the primary healthcare supply chain. Taking into account the paramount role that primary healthcare facilities play in the South African healthcare industry, we deemed it a necessity to identify perceived inefficiencies and recommend the most effective course of action in order to correct these inefficiencies. Through a literature study that was conducted, a general investigation into the theoretical supply chain of primary healthcare facilities was commenced. The end result of the literature study was a consolidated theoretical primary healthcare supply chain that would form the basis of the analysis to be conducted later in the study. Once the literature study was completed, our efforts shifted towards an empirical study aimed at measuring the actual supply chain. The empirical study was based on two primary healthcare clinics in the Johannesburg region, namely: Siphumlile Clinic situated in Soweto and the Rex Street Clinic situated in Roodepoort. To add substance to the empirical study, a three perspective analysis was conducted that took the form of a questionnaire completed by the patients at the respective clinics, semi structured interviews with employees of the clinics and finally participant observations conducted by the researcher. These perspectives ultimately resulted in a holistic perspective on the actual supply chain as perceived by the relevant role players within the supply chain. It's important to note that the statistical information obtained via the completed questionnaires were analysed by the Statistical Consultation Services of the North-West University (Potchefstroom campus). Once the reliability and validity of the questionnaire had been determined, an in depth statistical analysis was commenced to identify certain aspects that haltered the overall efficiencies of the primary healthcare supply chain. The respective semi structured interviews, along with the participant observations and information obtained via the statistical analyses formed a solid foundation to identify the inefficiencies as perceived in the existing primary healthcare supply chain. The substantial amount of accurate information supported the study and its primary and secondary objectives immensely. The latter stages of the study focused efforts on the establishment of findings and viable recommendations that could resolve the perceived inefficiencies within the supply chain. The
cor Gene Expression in Barley Mutants Affected in Chloroplast Development and Photosynthetic Electron Transport1

The expression of several barley (Hordeum vulgare) cold-regulated (cor) genes during cold acclimation was blocked in the albino mutanta n, implying a chloroplast control on mRNAs accumulation. By using albino and xanthamutants ordered according to the step in chloroplast biogenesis affected, we show that the cold-dependent accumulation ofcor14b, tmc-ap3, andblt14 mRNAs depends on plastid developmental stage. Plants acquire the ability to fully express cor genes only after the development of primary thylakoid membranes in their chloroplasts. To investigate the chloroplast-dependent mechanism involved in cor gene expression, the activity of a 643-bp cor14b promoter fragment was assayed in wild-type and albino mutant a n leaf explants using transient β-glucuronidase reporter expression assay. Deletion analysis identified a 27-bp region between nucleotides −274 and −247 with respect to the transcription start point, encompassing a boundary of some element that contributes to the cold-induced expression of cor14b. However, cor14bpromoter was equally active in green and in albinoa n leaves, suggesting that chloroplast controls cor14b expression by posttranscriptional mechanisms. Barley mutants lacking either photosystem I or II reaction center complexes were then used to evaluate the effects of redox state of electron transport chain components on COR14b accumulation. In the mutants analyzed, the amount of COR14b protein, but not the steady-state level of the corresponding mRNA, was dependent on the redox state of the electron transport chain. Treatments of thevir-zb63 mutant with electron transport chain inhibitors showed that oxidized plastoquinone promotes COR14b accumulation, thus suggesting a molecular relationship between plastoquinone/plastoquinol pool and COR14b.
Mass-independent Oxygen Isotope Variation in the Solar Nebula

In this chapter we compare and contrast chemical and photochemical pathways for mass-independent fractionation (MIF) of oxygen isotopes in the solar nebula. We begin by assessing the galactic evolution model for oxygen isotope variation in the Solar System in order to compare the predictions of a leading nucleosynthetic model with those of the chemical models. There are two fundamentally different classes of possible chemical mechanisms for mass-independent oxygen isotope fractionation in the early Solar System. One is symmetry-induced intramolecular vibrational disequilibrium of vibrationally excited reactant oxygen-bearing molecules. The other is isotope selective photodissociation of CO coupled with self-shielding and formation of H_2O. Symmetry-induced fractionation is an experimentally verified process with solid theoretical foundations. It is observed to occur in Earth’s atmosphere. It could have resulted in preservation of oxygen MIF effects only if mediated by dust grain surfaces. CO self-shielding is an attractive hypothesis for the origin of mass-independent oxygen isotope fractionation in the early Solar System because it appeals to a process that apparently occurs in the interstellar medium, but it lacks experimental verification. Three astrophysical settings for CO self-shielding are proposed as sites for generating Δ^(17)O variability in the early Solar System. One is the inner annulus of the protostellar disk at relatively high temperature. Another is the surface of the disk high above the midplane where light from the central star grazes the gas and dust of the disk, resulting in a zone of active CO predissociation and self-shielding. Interstellar light illuminating the disk at high incident angles causes a similar horizon of CO photodestruction. Variations in ^(16)O could also have been inherited from self-shielding by CO in the molecular cloud that gave rise to the protosun. The overall consequence of CO self-shielding is conversion of CO gas to ^(16)O-poor H_2O. A key difference between galactic evolution, chemically-induced MIF effects, and CO self-shielding is the predicted relative oxygen isotopic compositions of primeval dust and the Sun. Therefore, the oxygen isotopic composition of the Sun will be a crucial arbiter that may permit us to narrow the list of possible origins for oxygen MIF in the early Solar System.
Assessing the cyber-trustworthiness of human-as-a-sensor reports from mobile devices

The Human-as-a-Sensor (HaaS) paradigm, where it is human users rather than automated sensor systems that detect and report events or incidents has gained considerable traction over the last decades, especially as Internet-connected smartphones have helped develop an information sharing culture in society. In the law enforcement and civil protection space, HaaS is typically used to harvest information that enhances situational awareness regarding physical hazards, crimes and evolving emergencies. The trustworthiness of this information is typically studied in relation to the trustworthiness of the human sensors. However, malicious modification, prevention or delay of reports can also be the result of cyber or cyber-physical security breaches affecting the mobile devices and network infrastructure used to deliver HaaS reports. Examples of these can be denial of service attacks, where the timely delivery of reports is important, and location spoofing attacks, where the accuracy of the location of an incident is important. The aim of this paper is to introduce this cyber-trustworthiness aspect in HaaS and propose a mechanism for scoring reports in terms of their cyber-trustworthiness based on features of the mobile device that are monitored in real-time. Our initial results show that this is a promising line of work that can enhance the reliability of HaaS.
A pilot open-label trial of citalopram for restless activity and aberrant motor behaviors in Alzheimer disease.

OBJECTIVE In a prospective, open-label pilot study in probable-Alzheimer disease (AD) outpatients, the authors investigated the efficacy of citalopram to reduce restless activity and aberrant motor behaviors. METHODS Nineteen subjects were evaluated with Neuropsychiatric Inventory subscale and total scores. RESULTS There was a significant decline in aberrant motor behaviors and overall behavior problems at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that citalopram may be effective in reducing aberrant motor behaviors in AD. However, because of the potential biases of an open-label study, these findings need to be confirmed in a larger, controlled trial.
Communicating CSR in the Practice of Polish Companies

Communicating the information about CSR activities (and their results) taken by the company should become the standard behaviour – like informing about the release of a new product or service. In the process of communicating the company's CSR initiatives to the environment, the attention should be paid to several issues. Firstly, it is important that the company emphasizes its social commitment by adding it to its mission, vision and values. Secondly, it is also important whether the company has a CSR strategy and clearly communicates its goals. Thirdly, the company should also communicate the principles of cooperation with stakeholders in the process of implementing specific CSR activities. Fourthly, but not less important, is whether the company measures the impact of its CSR initiatives and communicates the results to the environment. This paper presents the issues associated with the CSR communication from the perspective of the practice in Polish companies.