Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Сhemotaxis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to nitrate is changed during gametogenesis

summary During sexual differentiation Chlamydomonas reinhardtii changes its chemotactic behavior to nitrate. Unlike vegetative cells and noncompetent pregametes, mature gametes did not show chemotaxis to nitrate. Loss of chemotaxis to nitrate in matingcompetent cells is controlled by gamete-specific genes that are common for both mating-type gametes. Just like gamete formation, the change in chemotaxis mode is controlled by the sequential action of two environmental cues, removal of nitrogen from the medium and light. The sharing of photoreceptor and signal transduction components as well as similar temporal patterns observed for changes in chemotaxis towards nitrate and ammonium suggest an integration of the signaling pathways that control chemotactic responses during the sexual life cycle.
Clinical, pathological, biochemical and genomic characteristics of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer

This is a comprehensive study of one of the largest cohort of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) patients reported in the literature, diagnosed by criteria of proliferative grading and treated surgically at a tertiary care academic center, with or without adjuvant therapy. The main objectives were: to report on clinicopathological, biochemical and genomic characteristics of PDTC patients, to correlate those characteristics with outcome and to report on the patterns of treatment failure. PDTC patients presented with adverse clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid cancer: older age, male gender, local spread and tendency for distant spread. pT4a and M1 remained significant predictors of worse outcome on multivariate analysis. Undetectable Tg after initial treatment of PDTC patients can predict low risk of recurrence, nevertheless a close follow-up is needed due to heterogeneity of PDTC. Initial adequate surgery can achieve satisfactory locoregional control, however distant metastases represent the major cause of cause-specific deaths. By using ultra deep next-generation sequencing, important biomarkers for aggressive behavior of PDTC were identified. Comparison between fatal and nonfatal cases of PDTC revealed that fatal PDTC show a higher frequency of mutations in: TERT promoter, MED12, RBM10, BRAF, HRAS, TP53, ATM and EIF1AX. In addition chromosomal 1q gains are the most common arm level alterations in PDTC and those patients show worse survival rates. We anticipate that these insights into PDTC biology will contribute to the development of standardized clinical guidelines and development of effective targeted therapies in order to improve the outcomes in patients with PDTC.
A Model for Collaborative Curation, The IEDB and ChEBI Curation of Non-peptidic Epitopes

The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) recently expanded and enhanced its non-peptidic epitope related data utilizing a collaboration with Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), resulting in the first re-source that brings together published immunological data with the expertise of the ChEBI database. This procedure took advantage of the distinct expertise of the IEDB and ChEBI databases to improve content and enhance interoperability of both databases. This project has resulted in the comprehensive inventory and curation of immune epitope data related to non-peptidic structures and serves as a model for success-ful collaborative curation between established resources.
Atherosclerotic plaque characterization using plaque area variation in IVUS images during compression: a computational investigation

INTRODUCTION: The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causes millions of death yearly. It is known that the kind of predominant tissue is associated with its dangerousness. In addition, the mechanical properties of plaques have been proved to be a good parameter to characterize the type of tissue, important information for therapeutic decisions. METHODS: Therefore, we present an alternative and simple way to discriminate tissues. The procedure relies on computing an index, the ratio of the plaque area variation of a suspecting plaque, using images acquired with vessel and plaques, pre and post-deformation, under different intraluminal pressure. Numerical phantoms of coronary cross-sections with different morphological aspects, and simulated with a range of properties, were used for evaluation. RESULTS: The outcomes provided by this index and a widely used one were compared, so as to measure their correspondence. As a result, correlations up to 99%, a strong agreement with Bland-Altman and very similar histograms between the two indices, have shown a good level of equivalence between the methods. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that the proposed index discriminates highly lipidic from fibro-lipidic and calcified tissues in many situations, as good as the widely used index, yet the proposed method is much simpler to be computed.
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH IN SPAIN - AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

In this paper we report an analysis of income related health inequalities at the regional level in Spain. We use among others the self assessed health measure and explain the observed differences across Spanish regions due to the effect of socioeconomic characteristics. New data from the Spanish National Health Survey have been used. The results have important implications for health policies and provide empirical evidence about the relationship between health and socioeconomic factors in Spain which should affect the decisions about health care financing system.
Effects of X-xylanase Incorporated in the Diet on the Growth Performance of Red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using X-xylanase in the diet to improve tilapia growth. Four experimental diets containing X-xylanase (Hostazym®, Huvepharma, Antwerp, Belgium) at levels of 0 (control), 1050, 1500, and 1950 endopentosanase units (EPU) were used in this study. The growth performance trial was carried out for 56 days. At the end of the study, there were no significant differences between the groups fed by control and the experimental diets in terms of survival rate, condition factor and weight gain. However, the highest weight gain was recorded in fish fed a diet containing 1500 EPU of X-xylanase. Fish fed diets containing 1500 and 1950 EPU X-xylanase for 56 days had significant better feed efficiency compared to those of fish fed the commercial diet and other experimental diets. It was therefore concluded that the addition of X-xylanase to the tilapia diet was able to improve the feed utilization and consequently enhance fish growth.
Morphology of the antennae of basal hexapods and their phylogenetic relevance

Die Kenntnisse bezuglich der fruhen Verzweigungen innerhalb der basalen Hexapoda sind in den letzten Jahren stetig angestiegen, aber einige Verwandtschaftsverhaltnisse sind noch immer nicht eindeutig geklart. Nur einige potentielle Apomorphien werden genannt, die eine Monophylie von Diplura beziehungsweise Zygentoma unterstutzen. Es werden daher weitere Merkmale benotigt, um die Validitat dieser Taxa zu bestatigen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zwei Merkmale der Antennen untersucht: (i) Die extrinsische Antennenmuskulatur, die laut Literatur bei den Diplura nur einen Muskel besitzt, der an der Basis des zweiten Antennenglieds ansetzt und die bei allen anderen basalen Hexapoda am ersten Antennenglied (Scapus der Ectognatha) zu inserieren scheint. (ii) Die Gelenkung der Antennen an der Kopfkapsel: Wahrend diese bei den Entognatha und den Archaeognatha monocondyl ist, gibt es Hinweise auf eine dicondyle Gelenkung bei den Zygentoma. Die extrinsische Antennenmuskulatur und die Antennengelenkung wurden bei Vertretern aller Gruppen der basalen Hexapoda untersucht mit folgenden Zielen: (i) genaue Beschreibung der Strukturen bei Collembola, Diplura, Archaeognatha und Zygentoma, (ii) sind diese Merkmalssysteme Apomorphien der Diplura und/ oder Zygentoma, (iii) die Mermalssysteme auf ihre Brauchbarkeit fur phylogenetische Fragen hin zu untersuchen. Die extrinsische Antennenmuskulatur wurde anhand von Semidunnschnittserien 3D rekonstruiert und die Antennengelenkung mittlels Lichtmikroskopie und REM untersucht, um diese Fragen beantworten zu konnen. Die Analyse der Antennengelenkung erwies sich als schwierig, da die angewandten Methoden es nicht zuliesen die Antennengelenkung in allen Gruppen der basalen Hexapoda zu analysieren. Die Gelenkung des basalen Antennenglieds mit der Kopfkapsel ist bei den Zygentoma nicht stark ausgepragt und konnte daher nicht eindeutig geklart werden. Muskeln der extrinsischen Antennenmuskulatur setzen bei allen untersuchten Diplura am zweiten Antennenglied an. Da eine vergleichbare Insertion auch bei Vertretern der Collembola nachgewiesen werden konnte ist dieses Merkmal fur die Monophylie der Diplura hinfallig. Eine grundliche Untersuchung potentieller Ausengruppen der Hexapoda ist notwendig um feststellen zu konnen, ob dieser gemeinsame Zustand bei Collembola und Diplura eine alte Plesiomorphie oder eine potentielle Synapomorphie darstellt, welche die Monophylie der Entognatha unterstutzt. Als ein weiteres Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass nur bei Archaeognathen Muskeln aus Fasern aufgebaut sind, die am homolateralen und heterolateralen vorderen Tentorium entspringen und damit als eine potentielle Synapomorphie die Monophylie der Archaeognathen unterstutzen konnten.
The role of achievement goal orientations and interest on metacognitive strategy use of preservice science teachers

The purpose of this study was to determine contribution of achievement goal orientations and personal interest on prediction of metacognitive strategy use of preservice science teachers. This study was conducted with three hundred and twenty-two preservice science teachers who are freshmen, sophomore, junior and senior of elementary science education program. Data was collected by using three instruments which are “Metacognitive Self-Regulation Subscale ofMotivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire”, “Achievement Goals Questionnaire” and “The Academic Interest Questionnaire”. Data was controlled with respect to reliability and validity. The collected data was analyzed by hierarchical regression. Results of this analysis showed that mastery approach goal orientation predicted significantly metacognitive strategy use of preservice science teacher in science course. On the other hand, mastery avoidance, performance approach, performance avoidance goal orientations and personal interest was not founded to predict significantly to metacognitive strategy use.
On Translation Obstacles of Metaphorical Language

Metaphor is not only an important figure of speech, but also a cognitive means of human mind. The people with different means of thinking have different cultures. The metaphorical language used by people must be fully saturated with culture peculiar to it. So because of the influence of cultural factor, the translation of metaphorical becomes the most important particular problem. Therefore, based on homogeneity and heterogeneity, the paper tries to explore the reasons for translation obstacles and strategy in order that his/her versions of metaphorical language could really become a medium in disseminating culture.
The law, corruption and reinvestment decisions : the transitional periphery in comparative context

A range of studies has found that corruption has a significant impact upon FDI decisions, however to date there has been scant investigation into longer term investments made by firms and their relative proclivity to reinvest. Further, there is particularly little work on reinvestment choices made on the transitional periphery of post-state socialist countries and how these might differ from the more stable transitional economies of central and Eastern Europe. Utilising 2005 World Bank Enterprise Survey data, this study explores the relationship between corruption and MNEs’ strategic decision to reinvest profits. From an institutionalist starting point, we find variation in the impact of different dimensions of corruption upon reinvestment; pervasive corruption impacts negatively upon reinvestment, but its effects are more pronounced in the transitional periphery. Perceived robust legal institutions have a positive correlation with reinvestment, but again, the negative effects are most pronounced on the transitional peripheral state socialist states. We ascribe this disparity to greater institutional fluidity, and explore why this context has particularly adverse effects. Finally, we find that firm level attributes of larger size and greater age play an important role in positive reinvestment decisions, appearing to mitigate the worst consequences of this fluidity.
Long Sleep Duration, Insomnia, and Insomnia With Short Objective Sleep Duration Are Independently Associated With Short Telomere Length.

STUDY OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the association between short telomere length, sleep parameters, and sleep disorders in an adult general population sample. METHODS As part of the EPISONO cohort (São Paulo, Brazil), 925 individuals answered questionnaires, underwent a full-night polysomnography and clinical assessment, and had peripheral blood collected for DNA extraction. Insomnia was diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition; and obstructive sleep apnea was defined according to apnea-hypopnea index. For the objective insomnia phenotype, we combined insomnia diagnosis with total sleep time from polysomnography with a cutoff of 360 minutes, allowing the classification of six groups. Self-reported sleep duration was used to classify the individuals as short (< 6 hours), average (6 to 8 hours) and long (> 8 hours) sleepers. The leukocyte telomere length was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Based on its distribution, we considered leukocyte telomere length < 10th percentile as short telomere and leukocyte telomere length ≥ 10th percentile as non-short telomere. RESULTS After adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index, only insomnia disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 2.654, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.025-6.873, P = .044), insomnia disorder total sleep time < 360 minutes (OR = 4.205, 95% CI = 1.097-16.117, P = .036) and long sleepers (OR = 2.177, 95% CI = 1.189- 3.987, P = .012) were associated with short telomere. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the existence of an association among insomnia, insomnia phenotype, and self-reported long sleep duration with the maintenance of telomere length. COMMENTARY A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 1975.
Transient stability analysis and control of power systems with considering flux decay by energy function approach

In this paper, transient stability of power systems with structure preserving models is considered. A Hamiltonian function which can be regarded as a Lyapunov function for the system is proposed. Based on this, the inﬂuence of ﬂux decay dynamics, especially during a fault, on transient stability is analyzed. With the increase of load power, the variation of stability boundary in the rotor angle/ E ′ q plane is shown. The Energy-based excitation control, aiming at injecting additional damping into the post-fault system may reduce the critical clearing time (CCT). This can be demonstrated by the comparison of diﬀerent ﬂux decay dynamics in the fault-on condition, and the reason is illustrated by the relationship between rotor angle/ E ′ q and the stability boundary. An improved control strategy is proposed and applied to increase the CCT. Simulation results verify that improvement is obtained both in transient stability and dynamic performance.
Formulation of the spherical harmonic coefficients of the entire magnetic field components generated by magnetic moment and current for shimming

Title Formulation of the spherical harmonic coefficients of the entire magnetic field components generated by magnetic moment and current for shimming Author(s) Noguchi, So Citation Journal of Applied Physics, 115(16): 163908 Issue Date 2014-04-28 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/56746 Rights Copyright 2014 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in J. Appl. Phys. 115, 163908(2014) and may be found at http://scitation.aip. org/content/aip/journal/jap/115/16/10.1063/1.4872244 Type article File Information 1.4872244. pdf
Conjunto mínimo de parâmetros para avaliação da microbiota do solo e da fixação biológica do nitrogênio pela soja

The objective of this work was to evaluate and validate a minimum set of parameters capable of monitoring, under field conditions, soil microbes and/or the biological N2 fixation process with the soybean crop. The field trials were performed in commercial fields (2002/2003) and experimental areas (2004/2004), with complete randomized blocks design. Microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) were adequate for the quantitative evaluation of soil microbes; the parameters were significantly correlated therefore the determination of only one of them is sufficient. Positive and significant correlations were also obtained between the parameters of shoot dry weight (SDW) and MBC and MBN. The analysis of total soil DNA by the denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis method (DGGE) detected qualitative changes in soil microbes, related to the homogeneity of the area, as well as to differences among treatments, areas and harvests. Nodule dry weight (NDW) was the most suitable parameter for the evaluation of nodulation. Significant correlations were obtained between the SDW and the total N accumulated in shoots (TNS). Similar results were obtained between SDW and total N-ureides (TNU). Monitoring of the symbiosis in soils traditionally cropped with soybean and poor on N may be achieved only by the determination of NDW and SDW.
Microbial Small Talk: Volatiles in Fungal–Bacterial Interactions

There is increasing evidence that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play an important role in the interactions between fungi and bacteria, two major groups of soil inhabiting microorganisms. Yet, most of the research has been focused on effects of bacterial volatiles on suppression of plant pathogenic fungi whereas little is known about the responses of bacteria to fungal volatiles. In the current study we performed a metabolomics analysis of volatiles emitted by several fungal and oomycetal soil strains under different nutrient conditions and growth stages. The metabolomics analysis of the tested fungal and oomycetal strains revealed different volatile profiles dependent on the age of the strains and nutrient conditions. Furthermore, we screened the phenotypic responses of soil bacterial strains to volatiles emitted by fungi. Two bacteria, Collimonas pratensis Ter291 and Serratia plymuthica PRI-2C, showed significant changes in their motility, in particular to volatiles emitted by Fusarium culmorum. This fungus produced a unique volatile blend, including several terpenes. Four of these terpenes were selected for further tests to investigate if they influence bacterial motility. Indeed, these terpenes induced or reduced swimming and swarming motility of S. plymuthica PRI-2C and swarming motility of C. pratensis Ter291, partly in a concentration-dependent manner. Overall the results of this work revealed that bacteria are able to sense and respond to fungal volatiles giving further evidence to the suggested importance of volatiles as signaling molecules in fungal–bacterial interactions.
FOOD AND THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION

"What's to eat? " is a common echo in households with kids. The Millennial Generation, born between 1977 and 1995, represents 25 percent of the buying power in the U.S. economy. These individuals, ages 7 to 23 today, command tremendous buying power, but what do they spend it on? What is their relative purchasing power in the food arena? Is the food industry (and the food-service providers) targeting these pre-teens, teens, and college students with food-dollar advertising, and to what extent? And even more importantly, what are the results of these marketing and promotional efforts? "Know the customer" in the food industry entails more than merely targeting advertising efforts such as advertisements, coupons, samples, etc. to the housewife or grocery shopper. Nutritional programs such as 5-A-Day and the USDA Food Pyramid mean little to school-age consumers. Granted, food-safety and health concerns should not go unattended, but how does the food industry bridge the chasm between what ought to be consumed and what is consumed, assuming an ethical food marketer?
Current Status of Tracheal Tissue Engineering

Management of large airway defects is challenging for clinicians due to lack of effective treatment modalities and eventually interest has turned to the field of airway tissue engineering. Considerable progress has been made within the field of airway tissue engineering in recent years and herein we review these recent advances within this field as applied to regeneration and/or replacement of the trachea. Although there are many encouraging researches, we are still far from any routine clinical application of tissue engineered tracheal grafts and it is essential to perform further experimental and clinical researches in order to improve current results and to broaden the clinical application of airway tissue engineering.
Implications of fasting on the energy metabolism and feed evaluation in ruminants

Fasting metabolism is adapted to ensure the orderly mobilization of endogenous substrates and fuel for maintaining vital activity. When no exogenous energy is consumed it gives rise to a glucose deficient condition; as a result gluconeogenesis from amino acids occurs which results in a higher excretion of N and a higher heat production. When therefore fasting metabolism is adopted as the reference level of metabolism when assessing energetic efficiency, efficiency appears higher below energy maintenance (Km) than above (Kf). When enough feed is given to meet the glucogenic demand of an animal, but no more, heat production falls to a minimum, which suggests that this value, rather than fasting heat loss, would be the appropriate base for measuring the energetic efficiency of exogenous feed. In general about one-third of energy maintenance (150 kJ/kg W 0 7 5 daily or 20 mmol of glucose/kg W 0 7 5 daily) should be used for obtaining this minimum metabolic state in ruminants.
Translation and evaluation of a Chinese version of the Child Oral Health-related Quality of Life measure.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to translate and evaluate the performance of a Chinese version of the Child Oral Health-related Quality of Life (COHQoL) measure composed of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ), Parental Perception Questionnaire (PPQ), and Family Impact Scale (FIS). BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Chinese versions of the measures were derived through a forward-backward translation. A consecutive sample of 168 children attending paediatric dental and orthodontic clinics in Hong Kong were recruited along with their attending primary caregiver. Children self-completed the 37-item CPQ and their attending primary caregiver self-completed the 31-item PPQ and 14-item FIS consecutively and independently. Reassessments were conducted prior to their next appointment. RESULTS CPQ, PPQ, and FIS scores were associated with children's global rating of oral health (P < 0.05) and oral well-being (P < 0.05) supporting their construct validity. In addition, variations in CPQ, PPQ, and FIS were apparent with respect to patient group (P < 0.05) supporting their ability to distinguish between patient groups. Cronbach alpha values (internal reliability) and intraclass correlation coefficient values (test-retest reliability) for the three measures were > 0.80. CONCLUSION A Chinese version of the three components of the COHQoL measure was developed with minor modifications. In psychometric testing, the validity of the three components was supported and they demonstrated acceptable reliability.