Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3-D Deployment of UAV Swarm for Massive MIMO Communications

We consider the uplink transmission between a multi-antenna ground station and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm. The UAVs are assumed as intelligent agents, which can explore their optimal three dimensional (3-D) deployment to maximize the channel capacity of the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. Specifically, considering the limitations of each UAV in accessing the global information of the network, we focus on a decentralized control strategy by noting that each UAV in the swarm can only utilize the local information to achieve the optimal 3-D deployment. In this case, the optimization problem can be divided into several optimization sub-problems with respect to the rank function. Due to the non-convex nature of the rank function and the fact that the optimization sub-problems are coupled, the original problem is NP-hard and, thus, cannot be solved with standard convex optimization solvers. Interestingly, we can relax the constraint condition of each sub-problem and solve the optimization problem by a formulated UAVs channel capacity maximization game. We analyze such game according to the designed reward function and the potential function. Then, we discuss the existence of the pure Nash equilibrium in the game. To achieve the best Nash equilibrium of the MIMO system, we develop a decentralized learning algorithm, namely decentralized UAVs channel capacity learning. The details of the algorithm are provided, and then, the convergence, the effectiveness and the computational complexity are analyzed, respectively. Moreover, we give some insightful remarks based on the proofs and the theoretical analysis. Also, extensive simulations illustrate that the developed learning algorithm can achieve a high MIMO channel capacity by optimizing the 3-D UAV swarm deployment with the local information.
Admission Control for Quality of Services of Mobile Cellular Network

Quality of Services (QoS) capability exposure enables mobile cellular network operators to enhance their revenue mode. It offers QoS differentiating and prioritizing service for individual subscribers and Internet Service Providers by Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). The admission control for API has two purposes: Firstly, it limits the frequency and times of API calling to protect network resource; Secondly, it ensures every paid calling can satisfy caller's expectation because network status is not stable. This paper presents a solution for API admission control, which comprises of a function entity and a related procedure, by which location information and identity of mobile devices are acquired by network. Network accepts API requests conditionally based on cell status and predefined policies. Some cases are shown on the application of this solution.
Breeding of Antheraea pernyi Variety Dabai I in Bivoltine Area in which Breeding One Generation for A Year

Based on the light-colored cocoons separating from the population of purebred Antheraea pernyi variety Qinghuang1,and white color of cocoon as phenotype marker,a new Antheraea pernyi variety Dabai I has been bred in biviltine area in which breeding one generation for a year(mainly in alpine areas),using the methods of pedigree separation and oriented selection.The laboratory identification and farmers'rearing all showed that the major economical characters of the new variety were suprior to Zalantun I(the first control breed),White-cocoon 8344(the second control breed),the cocoon weight per 1000 cocoons was 11.68 kg,average cocoon shell weight was 1.42 g and average concoon yield was 1 562.50 kg,increased 18.70%,22.34% and 37.27% respectively compared with the first control,and increased 38.22%,29.41% and 53.38% respectively compared with the second control.Its cocoon filament length and the length of non-broken cocoon filament were 1248.42m and 744.93m,which were 167.21m and 273.31m longer than the first control,respectively and 216.98m and 271.91m longer than the second control,respectively.Its raw silk whiteness was 51.9%,increased by 2.9% compared with the second control.This variety has the advantages of healthiness,white cocoon,heavy cocoon weight,high and stable cocoon yield,high silk quality,strong adaptability and strong hybridization performance.And its larvas of 5th instar can resist the sudden low temperature(3～8 ℃).
Fine-needle aspiration cytology of mediastinal masses: An institutional experience

Introduction: Mediastinal masses are uncommon in clinical practice. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important and useful investigation and is considered next to imaging in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. Aim: To analyze the mediastinal masses diagnosed on FNAC. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively retrieved twenty-five cases, which underwent FNAC under ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) guidance for mediastinal masses, over a period of 4 years. Histopathological correlations were done in cases wherever available. Results: Among twenty-five cases, which were diagnosed through FNAC, eighteen were males and seven were females with age ranging from 6 to 85 years. Ultrasonography (USG)-guided FNAC was performed in three patients, while CT-guided FNAC was performed in twenty-two patients. Out of twenty-five cases, seventeen cases were malignant, six were benign, and two cases were inadequate. FNAC was useful in the diagnosis of 83.3% of cases. Biopsy and/or cell block correlations were available in fourteen cases. In the malignant category, mediastinal invasion by either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma constituted the highest number with eight (47%) out of seventeen cases. Among the nonneoplastic conditions, nonspecific inflammation was the most common cause with two cases (8%) out of total cases followed by one case each of tuberculosis, schwannoma, thymoma, and cystic lesion. Conclusion: USG or CT-guided FNAC is a safe, minimally invasive, and cost-effective procedure, which can provide a precise diagnosis in the mediastinal masses, and may obviate the need for an invasive surgical approach.
Overdiagnosis and overtreatment; how to deal with too much medicine

The past few decades have seen medical science making rapid strides in the field of diagnostic technologies, thus making it possible to detect some conditions at a very early stage. An unwanted effect of these developments is overdiagnosis which occurs when a true abnormality is discovered, but detection of that abnormality and its treatment does not benefit the patient. Overdiagnosis is encountered as a result cancer screening, in genetic diseases and in some chronic conditions when disease definition is broadened. There is urgent need of development of evidence based decision-making tools for clinicians which will help patients understand the benefits and harms of different screening and treatment methods. And the treating physician has to play a important role to convince the patient that watchful waiting, for some of the lesions may be the best option available in some circumstances.
Suicide: A Précis!

Background: Suicide remains a psychiatric emergency, tragedy, a public health burden, and for those aged 15-29, is the second leading cause of death globally. Stigma attached to psychiatric disorders and suicide means many people feel unable to seek help.Aim of Work: We highlighted confusing nosology, psychopathology, neurobiological underpinnings, typology, and, risk factor pertinent to suicide. A road-map to the clinical assessment and management of suicide has also been provided. Last, but not least, we tried to dispel the long-held myths about suicide. Methods: EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews were searched for all relevant studies up to date of Jan, 2020. Results: Suicide is self-inflicted death with evidence (explicit/implicit) of intention to die. Suicide reflects many disparate determinants release/relief, response-to the disordered thinking, religious, revenge, rebirth, reunification or rational. 5-HT deficiency appears central to the neurobiology of suicide. Durkheim proposed 4 types of suicide (egoistic, altruistic, anomic, fatalistic). Risk factors for suicide entail both static and dynamic factors. Dynamic factors encompass both clinical and situational variables. Shneidman's concepts of perturbation and psychache are very crucial to consider when assessing the risk. Suicide rating scales are only ancillary with the Modified high-risk construct scale balances vectors of suicidality versus survivality. Myths germane to suicide abound that need to be demystified. Psychiatric management capitalizes on determining a setting for treatment and supervision, attending to patient's safety, as well as working to establish a cooperative and collaborative physician-patient relationship. This entails both psychosocial 'package' and somatic treatments and the best outcomes mandate well-keeled combined approaches. Pharmacologic interventions aim chiefly at acute symptomatic relief. Recently, heaps of data accrue speaking to the idea of ground-breaking 'anti-suicidal' agents that might alleviate suicidal ideation (SI) Conclusion: Suicide continues to be a complex public health problem of global calibre. It is variably tied to a myriad of risk factors underscoring likely etiological heterogeneity. That said, suicides can, at least partially, be prevented by restricting access to means of suicide, by training primary care physicians and health workers to identify people at risk as well as to assess and manage respective crises, provide adequate follow-up care and address the way this is portrayed in the media. A host of psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, or neuromodulatory treatments of mental disorders are readily available that can alter this acrimonious trajectory.
Surface Characteristics and Bioactivity of Zirconia (Y-TZP) with Different Surface Treatments

Background: Zirconia being a bio-inert material needs to be surface treated to render it more bioactive and enhance its osseointegration potential. However, bioactivity studies focusing on the ability of sandblasting and ultraviolet photofunctionalization (UVP) surface treatments in inducing apatite precipitation using simulated body fluid (SBF) are lacking. Aim: The aim of the study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of two different surface treatments—sandblasting with 50 µm alumina and UVP with ultraviolet C (UVC) light on the bioactivity of zirconia. Materials and Methods: A total of 33 discs with dimensions 10 mm × 2 mm were obtained from zirconia blanks (Amann Girrbach, Koblach, Austria) and randomly divided into three groups (n = 11), namely Group I (untreated), Group II (sandblasted), and Group III (UVP). Surface characteristics of representative test samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle goniometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), to assess type of crystal phase of zirconia, surface roughness, wettability, surface topography, and elemental composition, respectively. SBF was prepared and calcium content in SBF (Ca-SBF) was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD), and Student’s t test for statistical significance (P < 0.05, significant; P < 0.01, highly significant). Surface characteristics analyses revealed that XRD showed predominant tetragonal (t) zirconia crystal phase for all test groups. Mean surface roughness (Sa) of Group I was 41.83 nm, and it was significantly lesser than that of Group II (115.65 nm) and Group III (102.43 nm). Mean contact angles were 98.26°, 86.77°, and 68.03° for Groups I, II, and III, respectively, and these differences were highly significant. Mean pre-immersion Ca content in SBF was found to be 159 mg/L. Mean post-immersion Ca content was 70.10, 60.80, and 56.20 mg/L for Groups I, II, and III, respectively. Significant differences were found between Group I as compared to both Groups II and III. Bioactivity of Group III was marginally, but insignificantly higher with respect to Group II. Groups II and III were insignificant with respect to each other. Post-immersion XRD revealed predominant “t” phase, and SEM-EDX revealed well-formed, abundant calcium apatite layer on the treated samples as compared to that on untreated sample and an increasing Ca/P ratio from 1.15, 1.79 to 2.08, respectively from Group I to Group III. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, both sandblasting and UVP significantly and similarly improved bioactivity of zirconia as compared to the untreated samples, which was corroborated by the SEM-EDX results.
Serum Vitamin D levels and gestational diabetes mellitus: analysis of early pregnancy cohort from a teaching hospital of Kashmir Valley

Background and Aims: The association of gestational diabetes mellitus and serum Vitamin D levels in different trimesters of pregnancy has been studied recently. We conducted this study in an prospective observational cohort of well-characterized healthy pregnant women to examine the relationship between 1st trimester Vitamin D levels and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) status during pregnancy. Methods: All pregnant women attending the out-patient department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, aged less than 35 years, and who were in their first trimester were included in the study. Socio-demographic, anthropometric details, clinical details, food frequency questionnaire and physical activity data was collected using validated pretested questionnaire. Results: The comparison between those with GDM and those with normal glucose levels has been illustrated. Women in the GDM are older than those in the non-GDM group. The women in GDM group were taller, heavier and their BMI was greater than those in the non-GDM group. There were no significant differences in dietary intake at baseline between mothers with GDM and those with normal glucose levels. Further, it was found that Vitamin D concentration of <30 nmol/L was found among higher among those with GDM and the relationship was statistically significant. Conclusion: There is an association between maternal Vitamin D deficiency and increased risk for GDM in early pregnancy among Kashmiri women.
Comparative Evaluation of Xerostomia among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects Wearing Complete Denture

Background: Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic diseases that are characterised by hyperglycaemia due to a total or relative lack of insulin secretion and insulin resistance or both. Diabetes mellitus patients present with a higher susceptibility to infections due to a deficiency in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as a result of vascular alterations and neuropathies. An increased risk of infections has been observed in complete denture wearing subjects with xerostomia. The objective of this study was to compare diabetic and non-diabetic subjects wearing complete dentures regarding xerostomia of different age group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 subjects, 25 with and 25 without a diagnosis of diabetes, were matched for gender, race, and age. Results: In this study we intended to compare diabetic and non-diabetic subjects wearing complete dentures regarding xerostomia and we found that xerostomia was more associated with diabetic denture wearer group in comparison with the non-diabetic denture wearers with a significant P value of <0.05. Conclusion: These results indicate that xerostomia should be diagnosed and effectively managed before any complete denture therapy is initiated in diabetic denture wearing patients to improve the quality of life.
Efficiency of an Integrated Apex Locator in Determining Working Length in Various Irrigating Solutions: An In Vivo Study

Objective(s): The objective of this in vivo study was to compare and evaluate the accuracy of VDW Gold (VDW, Munich, Germany) integrated apex locator (IAL) and Root ZX Mini (J. Morita Corp., Kyoto, Japan) in two different irrigating solutions. Materials and Methods: Forty patients who required extraction were included in the study. Following local anesthesia, access opening was performed under rubber dam isolation. Initial negotiation of canal was performed using size 10 K-Files (M-Access, Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Cervical preparation was carried out using Rotary ProTaper SX files (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) under copious irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite. Patients were divided into two groups of 20 each: Group I (NaOCl) and Group II (CHX). The working length (WL) was determined in triplicates for each tooth using Root ZX apex locator and with S1 ProTaper rotary file in continuous motion in case of VDW Gold IAL in the presence of 3% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. Therapeutic extraction was performed and WL was determined using size 15 K-Files under 20× magnification. Results: The paired sample independent t test showed that there was no significant difference between the Root ZX and VDW apex locator in determining the minor foramen in NaOCl group (P = 0.234, 0.453 respectively) and CHX group (P = 0.085, 0.087) when compared with actual working length. Conclusion: Both the apex locators were equally effective in determining WL at 0.5 mm from the apex in presence of irrigating solutions, that is, NaOCl and chlorhexidine.
Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

Anthocyanin is a kind of secondary products during the process of flavonoid metabolizing and determine the colors of flowers,fruits and seeds. With the research on flavonoids biosynthesis,many structural genes synthesized anthocyanins of various plants have been cloned,and the previous studies showed that the structural genes were activated by transcription factors( MYB,b HLH and WD40) with complex interaction patterns. In this paper,MYB transcription factors,b HLH transcription factors and WD40 repeat protein involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and their roles in the regulation of structural gene expression and anthocyanin synthesis are reviewed.
Comparison of Antibacterial Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Combined With Chlorhexidine and Povidone-Iodine Against Enterococcus faecalis in Dentinal Tubules of Human Incisors: An In Vitro Comparative Study

Background and Objectives: It has been found that the microorganism behind the failure of root-filled teeth is Enterococcus faecalis, which shows resistance to most of the intra-canal medicaments. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of three intra-canal medications—calcium hydroxide with saline, combinations of calcium hydroxide with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and calcium hydroxide with 5% povidone-iodine—against E. faecalis in dentinal tubules of human incisors. Materials and Methods: Forty permanent maxillary central incisors were made into standardized segments and infected with E. faecalis. They were treated with a paste made of calcium hydroxide and 2% CHX, calcium hydroxide and 5% povidone-iodine, and calcium hydroxide and saline for 1 week. Dentinal shavings collected from the canal were suspended in thioglycollate broth solution and spread on brain heart infusion agar. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated and the CFU per milligram of dentin was calculated. The pH of the medicaments used was measured with the help of pH meter. Results: The results showed that the paste made from calcium hydroxide and 2% CHX was significantly more effective than that made from calcium hydroxide and povidone-iodine, and calcium hydroxide and saline. The addition of CHX or povidone-iodine did not affect the alkalinity of calcium hydroxide. Conclusion: This study concludes that Ca(OH)2 + 2% CHX are effective against E. faecalis. Combinations of calcium hydroxide and 5% povidone-iodine showed better antibacterial effect than calcium hydroxide and saline. Ca(OH)2 + saline was ineffective against E. faecalis.
Ambulance Dispatch Scheme based on Maximum Flow Minimum Cost models

This paper designs an ambulance dispatch scheme capable of efficiently coping with demand surge coming from catastrophic situations, taking advantage of the minimum cost maximum flow algorithm. In addition to basic links connections from the source to the sink, links from patients to ambulances are created according to whether the medical equipment in the rescue vehicle fits the patient. The link cost is set to the product of the criticality level of the patient and the distance to the vehicle. The performance measurement result, obtained by a prototype implementation, shows that the proposed scheme can reduce the response time for the patient of highest criticality by up to 33 %, compared with the case only the distance factor is taken into account.
Opaluma Lessard & Woodley, gen. nov: a new genus of iridescent soldier flies (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) from Australia, including seven new species

Many eye‐catching and undescribed species of Australian soldier flies have been collected but left undiagnosed in entomological collections. We describe Opaluma Lessard & Woodley gen. nov., a new genus of iridescent soldier fly endemic to Australia from the subfamily Antissinae, and provide an updated key to the five Australian antissine genera. Seven new species are described and illustrated herein, along with an identification key to all known species. The new species are Opaluma ednae Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov., O. fabulosa Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov., O. iridescens Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov., O. opulens Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov., O. rupaul Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov., O. sapphira Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov. and O. unicornis Lessard & Woodley, sp. nov. All but one are known from locations directly impacted by the recent 2019/2020 spring and summer Australian bushfires. Now that the new species are formally named and described, they may be included in future bushfire recovery monitoring programs. Eight genera of Antissinae are now recognised in the world.