Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Résultats de la radiothérapie stéréotaxique par Cyberknife dans les carcinomes bronchiques non à petites cellules

Objectif : Evaluer l’efficacite et les toxicites du traitement par Cyberknife sur differents stades du CBNPC, et identifier les facteurs pronostics de survie, de recidive et de toxicite. Materiel et methode : Etude retrospective, unicentrique sur les patients traites par Cyberknife au Centre Antoine Lacassagne entre 2007 et 2013 pour un CBNPC de stade I unique (avant ou apres chimiotherapie) ou multiple et les tumeurs re-irradiees. Les donnees de survie etaient analysees selon la methode de Kaplan Meier et comparees selon la methode de Log Rank. Resultats : Nous avons inclus 322 patients (âge median 72 ans) non operables ou refusant la chirurgie (n=20), traites sur 371 lesions, 47,7% de stades I uniques, 25,9% de tumeurs metachrones, 7% de tumeurs synchrones, 13,5% de re-irradiations, 5,9% post-chimiotherapie. Nous n’avons pas retrouve de difference en terme de survie et de controle local entre les differents stades etudies, hormis pour les re-irradiations qui presentent un pronostic significativement inferieur aux autres stades. La survie globale (SG) pour les re-irradiations est de 64,8% et 37,7% a respectivement 12 et 24 mois, alors que la SG dans les autres stades est de 78,4% et 63,9% a respectivement 12 et 24 mois p=0,003. La BED mediane etait de 180 Gy, un traitement a une BED >180Gy permet une meilleure survie sans recidive (SSR) (p=0,001, HR=1,88 ; IC95% [1,29 ; 2,76]), ainsi qu’une meilleure survie sans recidive locale (SSRL) (p=0 ,000 HR=3,48 ;IC95%[1,80;6,73]). Les tumeurs T2 ont un moins bon pronostic que les T1 sur la survie globale (p=0,007, HR=0,58 IC95% [0,4 ;0,86]) et specifique. La reponse au scanner a 3 mois est correlee aux taux de survie. Le taux de toxicite severes etait de 6% a 24 mois. Conclusion : Il existe un effet dose sur le controle local et sur la survie sans recidive. A taille egale les tumeurs re-irradiees sont de moins bon pronostic que les autres stades ; il n’y pas de difference de survie entre les stades I uniques ou multiples ou en cloture apres chimiotherapie.
A Language Policy for Lancastrian England

Until after 1400 the official language of England was French. Colloquial English began to be used in court circles in the fourteenth century, but government and culture continued to be carried on in French and Latin until the advent of the Lancastrian administration of Henry IV and V, who reigned 1399–1422. Historians of the language have not made a connection between this political development and the introduction of writing in English, but the interest of Henry IV and V in promoting English is demonstrable. Immediately after 1400 there was an acceleration of publishing in English. The kings and their ministers, especially Henry Beaufort and Thomas Chaucer, may have commissioned the publication of the writings of Gower and Chaucer and the compositions of Lydgate and Hoccleve as a means toward achieving the sort of prestige for English that the English public had previously accorded only to French.
Clinical observations, cutaneous lesions, and hematologic alterations in chronic adriamycin intoxication in dogs with and without vitamin E and selenium supplementation.

: Chronic adriamycin (ADR) intoxication with cardiomyopathy developed in young Beagle dogs given weekly IV injections (1 mg/kg of body weight) for 20 weeks (cumulative dose 400 mg/m2). Eighteen dogs were allotted equally to three groups: group A received ADR only, group B was given ADR and simultaneous weekly doses of vitamin E (17 mg/kg of body weight as alpha-tocopherol acetate), and group C received ADR, weekly doses of vitamin E as in group B, and selenium (0.06 mg/kg of body weight as selenite). The dogs reacted with cutaneous hyperemia, head shaking, and vomiting immediately after ADR injection. After 4 to 6 weekly injections, all the dogs developed alopecia that was present initially over the head and subsequently extended to the ventral portions of the neck, thorax, and abdomen and the proximal inner areas of the limbs. Other skin lesions present in alopecic areas were secondary ulcerative dermatitis and melanosis. Testicular atrophy and cachexia developed in the dogs, but damage was not present in bone marrow, alimentary tract, kidney, and bone with the dosage schedule utilized. Hematologic studies showed no significant alterations. Supplementation with vitamin E alone or with selenium failed to alter the incidence and severity of extracardiac ADR-induced lesions. This study shows that the dog is a good model for studies of chronic ADR-induced cardiotoxicity, as cardiac damage was consistently produced and ADR-associated extracardiac lesions were of minimal severity.
The relationship between age and the mandibular cortical bone thickness by using panoramic radiograph

Purpose : This study was to determine the relationship between age and the mandibular cortical bone thickness on panoramic radiograph. Materials and Methods : Panoramic radiographs of 360 patients (180 men and 180 women) over 20 years old, who visited the Chonbuk National University Hospital from January to December in 2007, were assessed. The subjects were divided into 5 age groups. Five indices such as cortical bone thickness at the gonion (GI), antegonion (AI), and below the mental foramen (MI), the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular cortical index (MCI) were measured on panoramic radiographs. Results : All five indices including GI, AI, MI, PMI, and MCI showed significant differences between third decade and over 8 decade groups (p
Subject–verb agreement dependency in Turkish Broca’s aphasia: impairments in event occurrence and consequences for discourse-linking

ABSTRACT Background: Inflecting the verb for agreement requires an intact discourse-semantic ability in addition to that for morphosyntax, since the use of person involves a link between the participants in the speech act and the morphosyntactic expression of this feature. Unlike the first person (the Speaker), the second person (the Addressee) requires additional discourse processing, termed “discourse-linking”. Individuals with Broca’s aphasia may have impaired discourse-linking, which may affect their ability to process second person pronouns and produce verb morphology for the second person. Aims: This study investigated whether the discourse-linking involved in processing second person pronouns contributes to sentence production deficits in Broca’s aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The sample consisted of 16 Turkish individuals with Broca’s aphasia (mean age: 54.8 years; SD: 14.0) who were matched in age with a control group of 16 neurologically intact Turkish individuals (mean age: 54.9; SD: 13.1). Each group completed a language task with first and second person singular or plural agreement conditions. Target agreement morphology was elicited using sentence-initial first and second person singular or plural pronouns. The plural (reference to a group) has a more complex discourse-representation than the singular (reference to an individual). Outcomes & Results: The group of individuals with Broca’s aphasia showed the following production hierarchy: first person singular (highest accuracy rate) > first person plural > second person singular > second person plural (lowest accuracy rate). There was no discrepancy between test conditions for the control group. Conclusions: The discourse-linking involved in processing second person pronouns contributes to sentence production deficits and this deficit is exacerbated by plurality in Broca’s aphasia. We suggest that cognitive-semantic intervention which focusses on the broader underlying impairment in deciphering event occurrence features (participant-time-location) could improve the use of the second person and other discourse-linked constructions (e.g., past time reference, object pronouns) which are selectively affected in Broca’s aphasia.
Meta-Analysis of Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy Combined With Traditional Chinese Medicines for Gastric Cancer Treatment

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) combined with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy alone for gastric cancer treatment. Literature searches (up to September 25, 2019) were performed using the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Chinese Science and Technology Journals (CQVIP), Wanfang, and China Academic Journals (CNKI) databases. Data from 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with 1,109 participants, were included. The results indicated that, compared with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy alone, the combination of TCMs and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy significantly improved the tumor response rate (TRR; RR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.24–1.57; p < 0.001, I 2 = 12%), increased the quality of life based on the Karnofsky Performance Scale score (RR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.19–1.96; p < 0.001, I 2 = 0%), and reduced the side effects, such as neutropenia (RR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.55–0.84; p < 0.001, I 2 = 44%), leukopenia (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54–0.90; p < 0.01, I 2 = 40%), thrombocytopenia (RR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.46–0.96; p < 0.05, I 2 = 32%), and nausea and vomiting (RR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.32–0.80; p < 0.01, I 2 = 85%). Hepatic dysfunction (RR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.33–1.20; p = 0.16, I 2 = 0%), neurotoxicity (RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.26–1.55; p = 0.32, I 2 = 0%), and anemia (RR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.40–1.04; p = 0.07, I 2 = 0%) were similar between the two groups. Evidence from the meta-analysis suggested that compared with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy alone, the combination of TCMs and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy may increase the TRR, improve quality of life, and reduce multiple chemotherapy-related side effects in gastric cancer patients. Additional rigorously designed large RCTs are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of this treatment.
Classifying green teas with near infrared hyperspectral imaging

Tea products analysis is currently limited to high-end analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and isotope analysis. However, these techniques are time-consuming, expensive, destructive and require trained experts to perform the experiments. In the present work, an application of near infrared hyperspectral imaging for the classification of similarly appearing green tea products is demonstrated. The tea products were classified based on their origin utilising a support vector machine classifier. Results showed good accuracy (96.36 ± 0.17%) for the classification of green tea products from seven different countries of origin.
Comparative analysis of robot-assisted, laparoscopic, and open radical prostatectomy regarding lower urinary tract symptoms: A longitudinal study

Purpose: This study aims to assess lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after radical prostatectomy (RP) and compare longitudinally the short-time LUTS changes of three techniques: robot-assisted RP (RARP), laparoscopic RP (LRP), and open RP (ORP). Materials and Methods: We reviewed prospectively the collected longitudinal data on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) from patients who performed RP for localized prostate cancer. One-year longitudinal data (preoperatively and at postoperative 3, 6, and 12 months) on IPSS were available for 322 patients. The number of patients was 231 for RARP, 42 for LRP, and 49 for ORP. LUTS was assessed on the basis of the IPSS and the IPSS quality of life (QOL) score. Results: The IPSS and IPSS related QOL scores were significantly improved over the baseline score not for the LRP and ORP but for the RARP. For patients with moderate to severe LUTS preoperatively, the RARP group immediately improved in terms of preoperative LUTS differently from both LRP and ORP groups. Only RARP significantly improved in terms of voiding symptom composites (VSC) differently from both LRP and ORP procedures. However, none of the procedures changed in terms of storage symptom composites (SSC) longitudinally. Conclusions: The improvement of LUTS for RARP may contribute to the improvement of not only SSC but also VSC.
Middle cerebral artery infarct in transient antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an acquired prothrombotic state where thrombosis is related to the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. It can occur in the absence of associated disease when it is termed primary antiphospholipid syndrome, or it can be secondary to an underlying autoimmune disease, most commonly systemic lupus erythematosus. We report a case of a male child with no underlying infectious or autoimmune disease who presented to us with a large middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarct secondary to transient APS. Although lupus anticoagulant antibodies can be detected in plasma in early-stage, their persistence should be confirmed by repeating the test again after 12 weeks as transient APS is well known in the pediatric population. The exact prevalence of pediatric APS and its manifestation in Asian and particularly Indian children are unknown and further epidemiological studies are warranted.
T-Cell Proapoptotic and Antifibrotic Activity Against Autologous Skin Fibroblasts in vitro Is Associated With IL-17A Axis Upregulation in Systemic Sclerosis

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) T cells can induce apoptosis of autologous skin fibroblasts in vitro. Th17 cells have been reported to increase in SSc patients, and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) has a profibrotic function. We used a system based on T-cell-autologous fibroblast co-cultures to further investigate a possible role of IL-17A in SSc. Methods: T cells from diffuse SSc patients were co-cultured with autologous skin fibroblasts. IL17A mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR in co-cultured and control T cells, while IL17RA, CXCL1, CCL2, CCL3, COL1A1, COL3A1, CTGF, TGFBR2, and SMAD3 mRNAs were assessed in co-cultured and control fibroblasts. In subset experiments, co-cultures and control cells were treated with either IL-17A or IL-17A plus anti-IL17 receptor monoclonal antibody (α-IL-17RA mAb). Chemokine and procollagen type I (PCI) production was further investigated at the protein level in cell culture supernatants by multiple suspension immunoassay and sandwich ELISA, respectively. Co-cultured and control fibroblasts were also stained with Annexin V and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: T cell–fibroblast co-cultures overexpressed IL17A and IL17RA. Furthermore, co-cultured fibroblasts upregulated IL-17A targets CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL3, while COL1A1, COL3A1, CTGF, and two key effectors of the TGF-β signaling, TGFBR2 and SMAD3, were found downregulated. Consistently, chemokine concentrations were increased in co-culture supernatants, while PCI levels were reduced, especially after stimulation with ectopic IL-17A. Finally, simultaneous α-IL-17RA mAb treatment restored PCI levels and reduced fibroblast apoptosis in IL-17A-stimulated co-cultures. Conclusion: These data suggest that IL-17A upregulation might play a role in modulating T cell-mediated antifibrotic and proapoptotic effects in co-cultured autologous skin fibroblasts.
Genetic Architecture of Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Montana Tropical® Composite Beef Cattle

The Montana Tropical® Composite is a recently developed beef cattle population that is rapidly expanding in Brazil and other tropical countries. This is mainly due to its improved meat quality and adaptation to tropical climate conditions compared to Zebu and Taurine cattle breeds, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the genetic architecture of ultrasound-based carcass and meat quality traits in Montana Tropical® Composite beef cattle. Therefore, we estimated variance components and genetic parameters and performed genome-wide association studies using the weighted single-step Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) approach. A pedigree dataset containing 28,480 animals was used, in which 1,436 were genotyped using a moderate-density Single Nucleotide Polymorphism panel (30K; 30,105 SNPs). A total of 9,358, 5,768, 7,996, and 1,972 phenotypic records for the traits Longissimus muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BFT), rump fat thickness (RFT), and for marbling score (MARB), respectively, were used for the analyses. Moderate to high heritability estimates were obtained and ranged from 0.16 ± 0.03 (RFT) to 0.33 ± 0.05 (MARB). A high genetic correlation was observed between BFT and RFT (0.97 ± 0.02), suggesting that a similar set of genes affects both traits. The most relevant genomic regions associated with LMA, BFT, RFT, and MARB were found on BTA10 (5.4–5.8 Mb), BTA27 (25.2–25.5 Mb), BTA18 (60.6–61.0 Mb), and BTA21 (14.8–15.4 Mb). Two overlapping genomic regions were identified for RFT and MARB (BTA13:47.9–48.1 Mb) and for BFT and RFT (BTA13:61.5–62.3 Mb). Candidate genes identified in this study, including PLAG1, LYN, WWOX, and PLAGL2, were previously reported to be associated with growth, stature, skeletal muscle growth, fat thickness, and fatty acid composition. Our results indicate that ultrasound-based carcass and meat quality traits in the Montana Tropical® Composite beef cattle are heritable, and therefore, can be improved through selective breeding. In addition, various novel and already known genomic regions related to these traits were identified, which contribute to a better understanding of the underlying genetic background of LMA, BFT, RFT, and MARB in the Montana Tropical Composite population.
Assessment of Mixed Sward Using Context Sensitive Convolutional Neural Networks

Breeding higher yielding forage species is limited by current manual harvesting and visual scoring techniques used for measuring or estimation of biomass. Automation and remote sensing for high throughput phenotyping has been used in recent years as a viable solution to this bottleneck. Here, we focus on using RGB imaging and deep learning for white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) yield estimation in a mixed sward. We present a new convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture designed for semantic segmentation of dense pasture and canopies with high occlusion to which we have named the local context network (LC-Net). On our testing data set we obtain a mean accuracy of 95.4% and a mean intersection over union of 81.3%, outperforming other methods we have found in the literature for segmenting clover from ryegrass. Comparing the clover/vegetation fraction for visual coverage and harvested dry-matter however showed little improvement from the segmentation accuracy gains. Further gains in biomass estimation accuracy may be achievable through combining RGB with complimentary information such as volumetric data from other sensors, which will form the basis of our future work.
Single Cell Transcriptome in Colorectal Cancer—Current Updates on Its Application in Metastasis, Chemoresistance and the Roles of Circulating Tumor Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common cancer worldwide, a challenge for research, and a model for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in its development. Previously, bulk transcriptomics analyses were utilized to classify CRC based on its distinct molecular and clinicopathological features for prognosis and diagnosis of patients. The introduction of single-cell transcriptomics completely turned the table by enabling the examination of the expression levels of individual cancer cell within a single tumor. In this review, we highlighted the importance of these single-cell transcriptomics analyses as well as suggesting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as the main focus of single-cell RNA sequencing. Characterization of these cells might reveal the intratumoral heterogeneity present in CRC while providing critical insights into cancer metastasis. To summarize, we believed the analysis of gene expression patterns of CTC from CRC at single-cell resolution holds the potential to provide key information for identification of prognostic and diagnostic markers as well as the development of precise and personalized cancer treatment.
Impaired B Cell Function in Mice Lacking Perforin-2

Perforin-2 (P2) is a pore-forming protein with cytotoxic activity against intracellular bacterial pathogens. P2 knockout (P2KO) mice are unable to control infections and die from normally non-lethal bacterial infections. Here we show that P2KO mice as compared to WT mice show significantly higher levels of systemic inflammation, measured by inflammatory markers in serum, due to continuous microbial translocation from the gut which cannot be controlled as these mice lack P2. Systemic inflammation in young and old P2KO mice induces intrinsic B cell inflammation. Systemic and B cell intrinsic inflammation are negatively associated with in vivo and in vitro antibody responses. Chronic inflammation leads to class switch recombination defects, which are at least in part responsible for the reduced in vivo and in vitro antibody responses in young and old P2KO vs. WT mice. These defects include the reduced expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), the enzyme for class switch recombination, somatic hypermutation and IgG production and of its transcriptional activators E47 and Pax5. Of note, the response of young P2KO mice is not different from the one observed in old WT mice, suggesting that the chronic inflammatory status of mice lacking P2 may accelerate, or be equivalent, to that seen in old mice. The inflammatory status of the splenic B cells is associated with increased frequencies and numbers of the pro-inflammatory B cell subset called Age-associated B Cells (ABCs) in the spleen and the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of P2KO old mice. We show that B cells differentiate into ABCs in the VAT following interaction with the adipocytes and their products, and this occurs more in the VAT of P2KO mice as compared to WT controls. This is to our knowledge the first study on B cell function and antibody responses in mice lacking P2.