Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes en las fuentes de datos: experiencias en América Latina

Los nuevos escenarios sociopoliticos de los paises de America Latina se caracterizan por un mayor reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural de los Estados, asi como por la constitucion de los movimientos indigenas y afrodescendientes como actores sociales y politicos activos, logrando posicionar sus demandas en las agendas nacionales e internacionales. Esto conlleva la necesidad de disenar politicas publicas tendientes a cerrar las brechas de equidad, en particular en el area de la salud, para lo cual disponer de informacion confiable, oportuna y pertinente sobre estos grupos es uno de los mayores desafios que enfrentan los actuales sistemas estadisticos nacionales.En America Latina, los pueblos indigenas y afrodescendientes constituyen grupos etnicos muy heterogeneos, por tanto ? ;como definir un conjunto de variables con sentido que permitan abarcar con suficiencia estas identidades en los instrumentos de recoleccion de datos? Para avanzar en su respuesta, en este documento se analizan las implicaciones conceptuales de las preguntas sobre origen etnico en las fuentes de datos. Al analizar las experiencias nacionales y sobre todo la ronda de los censos 2000, se observan diferencias semanticas importantes en la identificacion etnica, segun la formulacion de las preguntas y sus categorias: a veces se alude al concepto de etnia y otras al de raza. Asimismo, los terminos hacen referencia a diferentes dimensiones de la definicion de grupo etnico e implican distintos grados de exigencias en el compromiso de pertenencia. Si bien el criterio de autoidentificacion es el recomendado a nivel internacional, el documento muestra que la operacionalizacion de este criterio es un asunto complejo y delicado, que requiere de estudios cualitativos previos, de debates y reflexiones, y de la implementacion de pruebas pilotos. Su definicion sin duda constituye un factor clave en los resultados obtenidos, hecho que se pone en evidencia al ilustrar como cambios en las preguntas arrojan estimaciones diferentes de la poblacion indigena o afrodescendiente.La revision de los instrumentos estadisticos ha permitido, ademas, concluir que se observan avances en la inclusion del enfoque etnico principalmente en los censos de poblacion, aunque las preguntas han tendido a privilegiar a los pueblos indigenas. En las encuestas de hogares es menos universal, y en los registros de salud el rezago es evidente. El documento enfatiza la necesidad de extender la identificacion etnica en todas las fuentes de datos y brinda algunas recomendaciones al respecto. Por ultimo, en el plano de lo tecnico-politico, se insiste en un aspecto clave para el exito de su "funcionamiento": la participacion de los pueblos indigenas y afrodescendientes a lo largo de todo el operativo.
Plasma brain natriuretic peptide predicts death during hospitalization in acute ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack patients with atrial fibrillation

Background and purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most powerful predictor of early death in patients with acute ischaemic stroke. We investigated whether the plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level on admission can serve as a biological marker of in‐hospital death in acute ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients with AF.
Performance improvement of hybrid tag anti‐collision protocol for radio frequency identification systems

Radio frequency identification (RFID), a new technology for the contactless recognition of objects, is considered an ideal solution to replace barcode systems. To make RFID technology widely applicable, it is important to resolve the ‘multiple tag identification problems’, that is, the problem of indicating tag collisions occurring when multiple RFID tags are simultaneously present in a reader's field. The proposed anti‐collision algorithm in this paper consists of two separate phases: distribution and recognition. The algorithm distributes tags to be read in such a way that tag collisions are reduced. In the distribution phase, the conventional ALOHA algorithm is used with a newly added command. When there are several occurrences of collision or no‐response in a round, a new round is initiated by adjusting the frame size on the basis of the estimated number of tags. ALOHA‐based algorithms have the weakness of not being able to guarantee a 100% tag identification rate. Hence, the proposed algorithm uses a tree‐based algorithm in the recognition phase in order to eliminate this problem. In addition, the reversed ID approach is employed to ensure efficient tag identification. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm takes less tag identification time than the conventional algorithms, thereby increasing RFID system efficiency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Look Who's Co-creating: Employer Branding on Social Media

Web2.0 changes the way information, services and products are created. Companies engage with consumers in a process of co-creation to invent, shape and generate added value. This trend has been labelled Enterprise 2.0. This interdisciplinary study joins the fields of Infor-mation Systems, Marketing and Human Resource Management and provides an insight into how the models of value-, product- and service co-creation can be applied to the domain of employer branding. Based on the DART-model of value co-creation a qualitative multi-case study investi-gates how social media usage contributes to co-creation of employer brand. The study reveals unexpected trends, paradoxes and potential conflicts, and provides suggestions for further re-search. The paper highlights the lack of Dialogue between employer and employee; new ways of Accessing information by employees outside the control of the employer; the uncertainty of ben-efits and Risks of employee involvement in brand creation; and increased Transparency through inclusion of new participants in the employer brand creation process: alumni and customers. The study identifies an emergent shift of power to control and create information from the or-ganization towards employees and consumers and links this power shift to social media use by organisations and their employees.
Switched at birth: a new family for PECAM-1.

Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, or CD31) is a 130-kDa member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that is expressed on the surface of circulating platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and particular T-cell subsets. It is also a major constituent of the endothelial cell intercellular junction, where up to an estimated one million molecules are concentrated. Because of this cellular expression pattern, PECAM-1 is implicated in several functions, including transendothelial migration of leukocytes, angiogenesis, and integrin activation (for a review of the biology of PECAM-1, see ref. 1). When the cDNA sequence for PECAM-1 was determined more than eight years ago (2), it was originally assigned to the growing family of Ig-like cell adhesion molecules (Ig-CAMs). This classification was the result of the sequence similarity of PECAM-1's extracellular Ig domains to those of other Ig-CAMs characterized at that time, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Recent observations however, suggest that we may have been following the wrong half of the molecule and that PECAM-1 may not be a member of the Ig-CAM family after all.
Multi-Domain Collaboration for Web-Based Literature Browsing and Curation

We present Proxiris, a web-based tool developed at the Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University. Proxiris is an Open Source, easily extensible annotation system that supports teams of researchers in literature curation on the Web via a browser proxy. The most important Proxiris features are iterative annotation refinement using stored documents, Web scraping, strong search capabilities, and a team approach that supports specialized software agents. Proxiris is designed in a modular way, using a collection of Free and Open Source components best suited to each task.
Effect of Carriers on Solid Dispersions of Simvastatin (Sim): Physico-Chemical Characterizations and Dissolution Studies

The aim of the present work was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of simvastatin (SIM), a drug used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Two systems were used: solid dispersions with PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 prepared using the fusion method in various ratio of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 and inclusion complexes with HP-I²-cyclodextrin obtained by kneading method in a ratio of 1:1 with drug SIM. The formulations were characterized in liquid state by phase solubility studies and in the solid state by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy. The aqueous solubility of SIM was studied in the presence of PEG 6000. The dissolution profiles of solid dispersions and inclusion complexes were determined and compared with those of SIM alone and the physical mixture. Inclusion complex prepared with HP-I²-cyclodextrin by kneading method showed highest dissolution rate of SIM. Dissolution studies indicated that the dissolution rate were markedly increased in these solid dispersions systems compared with those in physical mixtures and pure drug alone. The increase in dissolution rate strongly depended on the type, ratios of drug to carriers and selection of the method of preparations of solid dispersions. The solid dispersions compound prepared in the ratio of 1:1 by the HP-I²-cyclodextrin by kneading method showed the higest improvement in wettability and dissolution rate of SIM due to the amorphous formed and approxamately 100% of drug dissolved within 60 min . So this amorphous SDs could be useful for further formulation as a suitable competative dosage forms.
Translocation of Calcium in the Bean Plant.

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Portable biosensor for chronic malaria detection

Malaria is a leading parasitic disease endangering the lives of half of the world's population. Microfluidics paves way to indispensable portable sensors to enable early sensing hence defend lives. In this paper, we demonstrate a portable sensor based on dielectric spectroscopy capable of pre-diagnostic and malaria parasite detection. The complete sensor system consists of the separation zone to separate the white blood cells and the detection zone, which is connected to portable impedance circuit board to measure the dielectric value of red blood cells to detect the infection. The current work highly emphasize on the separation part only while a little light is shed on detection zone.
Differential effects of acyclovir and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine on herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus in a dually infected human lymphoblastoid cell line

We investigated the effects of acyclovir and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) on a lymphoblastoid cell line dually infected with Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. The numbers of Epstein-Barr virus genomes were reduced during 70 days of treatment with either drug. Both drugs suppressed HSV replication in a dose-related manner. In the continued presence of the drugs, HSV developed resistance, rapidly to acyclovir and much more slowly to 30 microM DHPG. Analysis of HSV glycoprotein C production and viral DNA showed that treatment with 100 microM DHPG eliminated HSV production, curing the cell line of HSV persistent infection.
PRODUCTION OF HCI BY MINERAL REACTIONS IN HIGWTEMPERATURE GEOTHERMALSYSTEhAS

Thermodynamic data for reactions involving halite (NaCI) and silicates (& calcite) have been used to calculate the HCI gas concentration in vapor at high temperatures in the presence of a hypersaline brine. Mineral reactions produce as much as 700 pp at 350 "C. Agreement calculations by Haizlip involving hypersaline brine alone (without halite) is very good. High temperatures favor HCI gas and equilibrium concentrations at 250 "C are negligible. The correlation of HCI with high temperature is clear at Larderello and (with less data) at The Geysers. HCI is to become a I systems with 300 "C that produce supe a result of drying. and identified as HCI (D'Amore et al., 1977) much earlier. The limitation of HCI transport to superheated steam moving along dry (condensate-free) pathways, introduced by Hairlip and coworkers (e.g. Haizlip and Truesdell, 1988; Truesdell et at., 1989), is now established, but the. origin of HCI from boiling neutral brine suggested by these authors has been questioned on the grounds that the amount would be small (Andersen, 1989) or that generation from reaction of solid NaCl (halite) with silicates was more probable and supported by higher temperature experimental data (Fournier, 1983, and rs. commun. 1986-89). The relationship gas with high-temperature zones in rderello and The Geysers reservoirs, ough required by both brine and halite enetic mechanisms has not been explicitly indicated. al., 1982) rather than
REALEC learner treebank: annotation principles and evaluation of automatic parsing

The paper presents a Universal Dependencies (UD) annotation scheme for a learner English corpus. The REALEC dataset consists of essays written in English by Russian-speaking university students in the course of general English. The original corpus is manually annotated for learners’ errors and gives information on the error span, error type, and the possible correction of the mistake provided by experts. The syntactic dependency annotation adds more value to learner corpora since it makes it possible to explore the interaction of syntax and different types of errors. Also, it helps to assess the syntactic complexity of learners’ texts. While adjusting existing dependency parsing tools, one has to take into account to what extent students’ mistakes provoke errors in the parser output. The ungrammatical and stylistically inappropriate utterances may challenge parsers’ algorithms trained on grammatically appropriate academic texts. In our experiments, we compared the output of the dependency parser Ud-pipe (trained on ud-english 2.0) with the results of manual parsing, placing a particular focus on parses of ungrammatical English clauses. We show how mistakes made by students influence the work of the parser. Overall, Ud-pipe performed reasonably well (UAS 92.9, LAS 91.7). We provide the analysis of several cases of erroneous parsing which are due to the incorrect detection of a head, on the one hand, and with the wrong choice of the relation type, on the other hand. We pro-pose some solutions which
Ramsey's theorem for computably enumerable colorings

Abstract It is shown that for each computably enumerable set of n-element subsets of ω there is an infinite set A ⊆ ω such that either all n-element subsets of A are in or no n-element subsets of A are in . An analogous result is obtained with the requirement that A be replaced by the requirement that the jump of A be computable from 0(n). These results are best possible in various senses.
The Risk of Relationship between Hormonal Replacement Therapy and Cancer

Menopause is an endocrine condition due to the decline in ovarian activity, which occurs in all women and is characterized as a progressive hypoestrogenism. To minimize damage from lack hormonal activity, hormone replacement therapy has been developed (TRH), which is widely used around the world, often without criteria pre-established. Thus, this study aims to identify hormonal therapies used postmenopausal and relate them to the development of tumors. In addition, identify the criteria for the use of HRT, the utilization time and women who are part of the risk groups are also objectives of this study. In the beginning, the clinical methodology of HRT included only estrogen, but epidemiological studies have observed that the progestin presence is essential in endometrial hyperplasia control adding to the therapy. Progestogens act depending on its molecular structure, and consequently selectivity, or may interact with other steroid receptors. From this interaction, different pharmacodynamic answers about importance in the development of tumors can be observed, ie, progesterone activity, estrogen, antiestrogen, androgen and / or antiandrogen. In view of the mechanism of carcinogen administration of estrogens, it can be said that HRT increases the risk of breast, uterus and ovary cancer. However, the estrogenic actions may be adjusted when there is administration of progestin drugs and with antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic actions. Given this, in menopausal women, it is advisable to trace gynecological cancer, before, during and after any therapeutic interventions, and the decision of using and the choice of HRT on an individual basis, through a careful assessment of signs and symptoms and long-term risk.
Cilostazol Upregulates Autophagy via SIRT1 Activation: Reducing Amyloid-β Peptide and APP-CTFβ Levels in Neuronal Cells

Autophagy is a vital pathway for the removal of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and the aggregated proteins that cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We previously found that cilostazol induced SIRT1 expression and its activity in neuronal cells, and thus, we hypothesized that cilostazol might stimulate clearances of Aβ and C-terminal APP fragment β subunit (APP-CTFβ) by up-regulating autophagy.When N2a cells were exposed to soluble Aβ1–42, protein levels of beclin-1, autophagy-related protein5 (Atg5), and SIRT1 decreased significantly. Pretreatment with cilostazol (10–30 μM) or resveratrol (20 μM) prevented these Aβ1–42 evoked suppressions. LC3-II (a marker of mammalian autophagy) levels were significantly increased by cilostazol, and this increase was reduced by 3-methyladenine. To evoke endogenous Aβ overproduction, N2aSwe cells (N2a cells stably expressing human APP containing the Swedish mutation) were cultured in medium with or without tetracycline (Tet+ for 48 h and then placed in Tet- condition). Aβ and APP-CTFβ expressions were increased after 12~24 h in Tet- condition, and these increased expressions were significantly reduced by pretreating cilostazol. Cilostazol-induced reductions in the expressions of Aβ and APP-CTFβ were blocked by bafilomycin A1 (a blocker of autophagosome to lysosome fusion). After knockdown of the SIRT1 gene (to ~40% in SIRT1 protein), cilostazol failed to elevate the expressions of beclin-1, Atg5, and LC3-II, indicating that cilostazol increases these expressions by up-regulating SIRT1. Further, decreased cell viability induced by Aβ was prevented by cilostazol, and this inhibition was reversed by 3-methyladenine, indicating that the protective effect of cilostazol against Aβ induced neurotoxicity is, in part, ascribable to the induction of autophagy. In conclusion, cilostazol modulates autophagy by increasing the activation of SIRT1, and thereby enhances Aβ clearance and increases cell viability.
The role of the periosteum in healing a large structural defect following sequestrectomy

An eight-year-old boy had a sequestrum involving the entire femoral diaphysis removed before significant involucrum had formed. This procedure resulted in a large structural defect. Ten weeks later, the periosteum had completely repaired the effect, and no infection remained. The benefit in this case of early, radical sequestrectomy is discussed.