Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
566. Studies of the secretion of milk of low fat content by cows on diets low in hay and high in concentrates: V. The importance of the type of starch in the concentrates

1. Three comparable groups of cows were used to investigate the effect, on milk composition and yield, of diets consisting of 4 lb. hay daily and concentrates containing 35% weatings, 15% decorticated groundnut cake and 50% of either flaked maize, maize meal or dredge corn (crushed oats and barley) respectively. 2. During initial and final control periods all the cows received 16 lb. hay daily and, per 10 lb. of milk produced, they received about 4 lb. of the concentrate mixture containing flaked maize. During the experimental period of 6 weeks all the cows received 4 lb. hay, concentrates according to milk yield, and an extra 7 lb. of concentrates daily. One group of cows received the concentrate mixture containing flaked maize, a second group the mixture with maize meal and the third group that with dredge corn. The mean daily intakes of starch for the different groups were respectively 6·0, 6·4 and 5·8 lb. per cow. 3. The diet containing flaked maize caused a marked, and that containing maize meal a small fall in the fat content of the milk, but the diet containing dredge corn was without effect. In the last 2 weeks of experimental treatment the adjusted mean fat percentage for the group of cows receiving flaked maize was 0·51 and 0·71 below the percentages for the groups receiving maize meal and dredge corn respectively. The yields of milk and of milk fat were also lower in the group receiving flaked maize than in either of the other groups, but the experimental treatments produced no changes in the milk solids-not-fat percentage. 4. This experiment has shown that when diets low in hay and high in concentrates are given to lactating cows, the type of starch in the concentrates is of great importance in determining the extent of the depression in milk fat percentage. The greater depression with flaked maize than with maize meal or dredge corn is thought to be associated with the effect of the starch on the flora of the reticulo-rumen.
Performance evaluation of cloud service with hadoop for twitter data

In the era of rapid growth of cloud computing, performance calculation of cloud service is an essential criterion to assure quality of service. Nevertheless, it is a perplexing task to effectively analyze the performance of cloud service due to the complexity of cloud resources and the diversity of Big Data applications. Hence, we propose to examine the performance of Big Data applications with Hadoop and thus to figure out the performance in cloud cluster. Hadoop is built based on MapReduce, one of the widely used programming models in Big Data. In this paper, the performance analysis of Hadoop MapReduce WordCount application for Twitter data is presented. A 4-node in-house Hadoop cluster was setup and experiment was carried out for analyzing the performance. Through this work, it was concluded that Hadoop is efficient for BigData applications with 3 or more nodes with replication factor 3. Also, it was observed that system time was relatively more compared to user time for BigData applications beyond 80GB. This experiment had also thrown certain pattern on actual data blocks used to process the WordCount application.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FLOWERING PLANTS AND FOUR SPECIES OF BOMBUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO

Abstract An attraction to certain plant species by Bombus terricola, B. bimaculatus, B. perplexus, and B. ternarius was observed. The gathering of pollen was observed as a behavioural act distinct from nectar gathering. Pollen analyses indicated that pollen collectors restricted their activities to a small number of plant species. These bees’ life histories and flower preferences made them potentially effective pollinators of early-flowering economic crops, Ribes spp. , and Pyrus Malus in particular, and of common weeds such as Solanum Dulcamara and Hypericum perforatum. The same reasons prevented them from being important in the pollination of Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa.
Incidence, management, and resolution of noninfectious pneumonitis in BOLERO-2.

561 Background: The BOLERO-2 trial showed that adding everolimus (EVE) to exemestane (EXE) more than doubled progression-free survival (PFS) without reducing quality of life versus placebo (PBO) + EXE alone in postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor–positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2–) advanced breast cancer (ABC) progressing on/after nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) therapy. Although generally well tolerated, mTOR inhibitors such as EVE have been associated with noninfectious pneumonitis (NIP). Methods: Patients (pts) were randomized 2:1 to receive EVE+EXE or PBO+EXE. Incidence and severity of NIP, consequent dose interruptions/adjustments, study drug discontinuations, and time to resolution were recorded. Results: Median duration of exposure to EVE was 24 weeks with median dose intensity of 8.6 mg/d. Pulmonary adverse events (AEs) of any grade (NIP, interstitial lung disease, lung infiltration, pneumonia, or pulmonary fibrosis) were recorded in 97 of 482 pts (20%) in the EVE+EXE arm versus 1 .
A review of ETS's Criterion online writing program for student compositions

This study will report on the findings of first-year Japanese university students using ETS’s Criterion© Online Writing Evaluation Service. The study focused on two research questions: (1) were there important differences in ETS’s computerized feedback and teacher feedback, and (2) was there any improvement in student writing over the school year? For the 2012-2013 academic year, students wrote six compositions. Results indicate that teachers tended to focus on meaning, whereas computerized feedback centered on grammatical and stylistic issues. As for student progress, only four specific areas showed any marginal improvement: confused words, spelling, missing
Exercícios de estabilização segmentar lombar na lombalgia: revisão sistemática da literatura / The effectiveness of lumbar segmental stabilizing exercises in low back pain: a systematic review

Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura dos ultimos dez anos para analisar a eficacia dos exercicios de estabilizacao segmentar nos individuos com lombalgia. Esses exercicios vem sendo amplamente utilizados como forma de tratamento, principalmente na dor lombar cronica. De acordo com o levantamento bibliografico realizado obteve-se como resultado que os individuos com dor lombar cronica submetidos aos exercicios de estabilizacao apresentaram melhora da dor e da incapacidade, porem nao pode ser observado se esses exercicios foram superiores a outras tecnicas de terapia manual ou a intervencoes convencionais. Para que seja comprovada a real eficacia dessa intervencao, e necessario que sejam realizadas mais pesquisas, com alto grau de evidencia sobre o tema, sendo estas mais fidedignas para analise. Descritores : Dor lombar, Doenca cronica, Estabilizacao, Terapia por exercicio Abstract This study aimed to review the literature of the
The mitochondrial control region of the black howler monkey, Alouatta caraya (Primates, Platyrrhini), and the development of new primers

The analysis of polymorphic genetic markers is necessary to assess the genetic variability of natural populations in order to develop effective conservation strategies. However, the molecular genetic variability of most neotropical primates is not well known. Therefore, we describe 13 primers for the amplification and sequencing of the mitochondrial control region that were developed for Alouatta caraya. Six of these primers gave unique bands on four other platyrrhine species (Alouatta palliata, Ateles paniscus, Ateles belzebuth and Saimiri boliviensis) showing their utility for control region amplification and sequencing in these platyrrhine species.
Geophysical characterization of the Chicxulub impact structure

[1] Geophysical data indicate that the 65.5 million years ago Chicxulub impact structure is a multi-ring basin, with three sets of semicontinuous, arcuate ring faults and a topographic peak ring (PR). Slump blocks define a terrace zone, which steps down from the inner rim into the annular trough. Fault blocks underlie the PR, which exhibits variable relief, due to target asymmetries. The central structural uplift is>10 km, and the Moho is displaced by 1–2km. The working hypothesis for the formation of Chicxulub is: a 50 km radius transient cavity, lined with melt and impact breccia, formed within 10 s of the impact, and within minutes, weakened rebounding crust rose kilometers above the surface, the transient crater rim underwent localized deformation and collapsed into large slump blocks, resulting in a inner rim at 70–85 km radius, and outer ring faults at 70–130 km radius. The overheightened structural uplift collapsed outward, buried the inner slump blocks, and formed the PR. Most of the impact melt was ultimately emplaced as a coherent <3 km thick melt sheet within the central basin that shallows within the inner regions of the PR. Smaller pockets of melt flowed into the annular trough. Subsequently, slope collapse, ejecta, ground surge, and tsunami waves infilled the annular trough and annular basin with sediments up to 3 km and 900m thick, respectively. Testing this working hypothesis requires direct observation of the impactites, within and adjacent to the PR and central basin.
The physiological response of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., to a single experimental challenge with sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis

The sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is an ectoparasitic copepod of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. , capable of causing severe damage. This study was conducted to examine the physiological response of salmon to the stress of sea lice infestation. Smoltified salmon were acclimatized in 30‰ saltwater and exposed to high levels of lice infestation. The number of copepods per fish ranged from 15 to 285, with a mean of 106. The infested salmon were sampled six times over the 29-d experimental duration and examined for alterations in the primary and secondary stress indicators, including plasma concentrations of cortisol, glucose, electrolytes, thyroid hormones T3 and T4, as well as the haematocrit level. The results were examined for correlations between the stress indicators, the number of copepods per fish and the life stage of the copepods. The presence of L. salmonis elevated stress indicators in relation to the specific sea lice stage. By day 21, both cortisol (mean 63.1 nmol L−1 controls: 179.8 nmol L−1 for parasitized) and glucose (mean 3.545 mmol L−1 controls: 4.567 mmol L−1 for parasitized) levels were significantly increased due to the presence of the lice. This was believed to be a direct result of the sea lice development into the larger life stages, thus increasing the level of host damage.
The SEC and Corporate Governance

In 2010 the Securities and Exchange Commission passed a rule that made it easier for shareholders to nominate people for the slate for a corporation’s board of directors. The rule was challenged successfully before a federal circuit court and the rule was invalidated on the grounds that it was “arbitrary and capricious. ” The article discusses whether the rule (or the circuit court case) was justified and what the burden of proof should be when a circuit court reviews a rule of an administrative agency.
Resource protection using atomics: patterns and verifications

Modular reasoning about non-blocking concurrent data structures is crucial to establish the correctness of concurrent applications. To achieve this, specifications of the synchronization mechanisms used by these non-blocking concurrent classes to prevent concurrent access to shared data, are essential. This paper presents an approach to specifying such lock-free synchronization mechanisms in terms of the thread's role and permissions. The approach is formalized in a specification for the AtomicInteger class from the java.util. concurrent library, using abstract predicates and permission-based concurrent Separation Logic. The specification is set up to capture different synchronization patterns, both cooperative and competitive. We illustrate the use of the patterns in three case studies, where for each case study we verify that it indeed correctly synchronizes access to the protected data.
Long-Distance Natal Dispersal in Leopard Reveals Potential for a Three-Country Metapopulation

Natal dispersal is a key spatially structuring demographic process for many species but is poorly known for wide-ranging carnivores, especially in cryptic, solitary species such as the leopard (Panthera pardus). We report a failed long-distance natal dispersal of a subadult male leopard (M67) in Maputaland, southern Africa, the longest reported for the species. M67 traversed three countries covering a minimum distance of 352.8 km, with a straight-line distance of 194.5 km between his natal range and the site of his death. His movements reveal potential linkages between leopard populations in southern Mozambique, Swaziland, northern KwaZulu-Natal and the Greater Kruger Ecosystem, which might represent a functioning leopard metapopulation currently regarded as separate conservation units.
Deterministic Memory Hierarchy and Virtualization for Modern Multi-Core Embedded Systems

One of the main predictability bottlenecks of modern multi-core embedded systems is contention for access to shared memory resources. Partitioning and software-driven allocation of memory resources is an effective strategy to mitigate contention in the memory hierarchy. Unfortunately, however, many of the strategies adopted so far can have unforeseen side-effects when practically implemented latest-generation, high-performance embedded platforms. Predictability is further jeopardized by cache eviction policies based on random replacement, targeting average performance instead of timing determinism. In this paper, we present a framework of software-based techniques to restore memory access determinism in high-performance embedded systems. Our approach leverages OS-transparent and DMA-friendly cache coloring, in combination with an invalidation-driven allocation (IDA) technique. The proposed method allows protecting important cache blocks from (i) external eviction by tasks concurrently executing on different cores, and (ii) internal eviction by tasks running on the same core. A working implementation obtained by extending the Jailhouse partitioning hypervisor is presented and evaluated with a combination of synthetic and real benchmarks.
Clinical Practice Guideline

The objective of this Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the management of pregnancy and post-partum care. The CPG discusses the care and management of pregnancy and postpartum care including evidence based care, complications, modifiable risks, co-morbid conditions (e.g. smoking, depression, substance use disorder, cardiovascular conditions, hypertension, and diabetes) and the role of condition management, diet, physical activity and behavioral health management. Also, included is Postpartum care including evidence based care, complications and co-morbid conditions for the infant (e.g. jaundice, birth defects, developmental disabilities, breastfeeding issues and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
Global net community production estimated from the annual cycle of surface water total dissolved inorganic carbon

Global net community production is determined, for the first time, from the decrease in salinity (S)ߚnormalized total dissolved inorganic carbon (NCT = CT × 35/S) inventory in the surface mixed layer corrected for changes due to net airߚsea CO2 exchange and diffusive carbon flux from the upper thermocline. Changes in the mixed layer NCT inventory are estimated using a derived annual cycle of NCT and global records of the mixed layer depth. The annual NCT cycle is deduced from regional algorithms relating NCT to sea surface temperature (SST) and nitrate (NO3−), along with global records of seasonal mean SST and NO3−, and from the monthly mean surface partial pressure of CO2 and total alkalinity fields using thermodynamic models. The two methods show similar regional trends and yield global net community production estimates of 6.7 and 8.0 Gt C (1 Gt C = 1 × 1012 kg carbon), respectively. The two global estimates are not significantly different and represent an 8–month period of 1990 (warming period) during which the mixed layer NCT concentration decreases. However, the estimates do not account for net community production during a 4–month cooling period. Ratios of net community production during the warming and cooling periods are estimated from multiyear sediment trap data at the Hawaii Ocean Timeߚseries (228N, 1588W) and Ocean Weather Station P (50°N, 145°W) sites. Global extrapolation of these ratios yields annual rates of net community production of 9.1 ± 2.7 and 10.8 ± 2.7 Gt C yr−1.
A new species of CatoCala from isrAel (lepidopterA, noctuidAe)

Catocala amnonfreidbergi sp. n. from Israel, Upper Galilee (Nahal Bezet), is described and distinguished from the closely related Catocala nupta (Linnaeus, 1767). In addition, the habitat of the species is characterised and figured.
Force ripple compensation of the directly-driven linear motors via iterative tuning feed-forward controller

Linear motors are promising in improving the manufacturing equipments’ performance because of eliminating the flexible coupling component. However, the force ripple produced by the linear motors directly causes the feed fluctuation and thus degrades the motion precision. This article utilizes a feed-forward controller added to the feedback one to compensate its effect for the sake of simplicity and robustness. Considering that the force ripple is periodic to the position, a position-dependent multi-order harmonic model is built and used as the feed-forward controller. In order to obtain the controller parameters for various applications, an iterative tuning method is proposed. This method has the advantage that both the high performance for different trajectories tracking and the robustness to disturbances are guaranteed. Experiments on a linear motor illustrate that the parameters converge rapidly. The results show that the tracking performance is improved greatly and the tracking errors are reduced by 60% at least.
CoDoC: A Novel Attack for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks through Denial of Charge

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), benefiting from recent breakthrough in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, emerge as very promising for network lifetime extension. Traditional methods focus on scheduling algorithms and system optimization, and the issue of charging security/threat is ignored, causing it vulnerable to attacks. In this paper, we develop a novel attack for WRSN through Denial of Charge (DoC) aiming at maximizing destructiveness. At first, we form a generalized on-demand charging model, which provides fundamental basis for designing charging attacks. Then a request prediction method (RPM) is introduced for predicting the emergences of charging requests. Afterwards, a Collaborative DoC attacking algorithm (CoDoC) is developed, which tempers/modifies and generates fake charging requests, yielding normal nodes exhausted. Finally, to demonstrate the outperformed features of CoDoC, extensive simulations and test-bed experiments are conducted. The results show that, CoDoC outperforms in making sensor exhausted as well as causing missing events.
Identifying Pressurise and Threatful Tourism Products In Relation To Global Warming and Climate Change

Tourism Industry in India is contributing a lot towards improving the financial position of the country directly or indirectly and satisfying the needs of tourist by providing good services, comforts, and luxries at a very reasonable cost. Travel and Tourism contributes to be one of the world’s largest industries. 2011 was one of the most challenging years ever experienced by the global travel & tourism industry.Despite political upheaval,economic uncertainity and natural disasters,the industry’s direct contribution to world GDP grew by nearly 3% to US$ 2 trillion and directly generated 1.2 million new jobs. This was supported by a 3% increase in visitor exports to US$ 1.2 trillion,with almost 3% growth in capital investment, which rose to over US$0.7 trillion. But unfortunately in recent years some adverse effect of tourism development and tourism related activities on environment has been observed. It has been seen as a major contributor of spreading pollution and as a major source of emitting dangerous greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Thus it becomes necessary to study the problematic relationship of tourism development with environment. Present study helps in finding out the causes, consequences and solution of the environmental problem caused by the tourism industry. In this paper efforts has been made to highlight the problem of climate change and global warming in relation to tourism development. To find out the actual situation data has been gathered through the various research articles, research study, books, news papers, and e-journals. After analyzing all the facts it can be concluded that the problem of climate change or global warming can only be removed through collective efforts of World Environment Organizations, Government, Tourism related national and international organizations, Media, local community and of course with the contribution of tourist by maintaining the sustainability and adopting the eco-friendly approach while visiting any tourist destination.
Genes involved in EGFR-degradation to predict for efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab.

3557 Background: As many transmembrane receptors, the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) has a highly regulated turnover leading to inactivation and recycling or degradation after activation. This process can be divided into four different phases: receptor endocytosis, ubiquitation/neddylation, recycling and degradation. We tested whether functional significant single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in the degradation pathway will predict clinical outcome (response, PFS and OS) in 108 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer enrolled in clinical trials and treated with cetuximab. Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood from 108 patients treated with cetuximab enrolled in one of two clinical trials. All patients were KRAS and BRAF wildtyp. 20 SNPs were selected based on the involvement in receptor endocytosis (CBL, CIN85, endophilin) ubiquitation/neddylation, recycling and degradation (CBL, EPS15, Ubc12, UbcH7). Minor allele frequency had to by higher than 10%. PCR and product seque.
Protective role of DNA vaccination and passive immunization against the 1918 pandemic influenza virus

Evaluation of: Kong W-P, Hood C, Yang Z-Y et al.: Protective immunity to lethal challenge of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus by vaccination. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103(43), 15987–15991 (2006). Lessons learnt from the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic indicate that the world is vulnerable to pandemic viruses and that effective medical countermeasures are urgently needed to protect against future pandemics. The work, as published by Kong and colleagues, involved the use of genetically reconstructed 1918 pandemic virus and is of significant importance for a number of reasons. First, it highlights how advanced technology such as DNA vaccination could provide a modern solution for protection against a historic killer virus, such as the 1918 Spanish flu virus, and second, this paper describes the elucidation of the protective immunity that contributes to neutralization of virus infectivity, and therefore provides insights on the role of humoral and cellular responses in contributing to protective immunity ag.