Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neogene shallow-marine and fluvial sediment dispersal, burial, and exhumation in the ancestral Brahmaputra delta: Indo-Burman Ranges, India

The stratigraphic record of Cenozoic uplift and denudation of the Himalayas is distributed across its peripheral foreland basins, as well as in the sediments of the Ganges–Brahmaputra Delta (GBD) and the Bengal–Nicobar Fan (BNF). Recent interrogation of Miocene–Quaternary sediments of the GBD and BNF advance our knowledge of Himalayan sediment dispersal and its relationship to regional tectonics and climate, but these studies are limited to IODP boreholes from the BNF (IODP 354 and 362, 2015-16) and Quaternary sediment cores from the GBD (NSF-PIRE: Life on a tectonically active delta, 2010-18). We examine a complementary yet understudied stratigraphic record of the Miocene–Pliocene ancestral Brahmaputra Delta in outcrops of the Indo-Burman Ranges fold–thrust belt (IBR) of eastern India. We present detailed lithofacies assemblages of Neogene delta plain (Tipam Group) and intertidal to upper-shelf (Surma Group) deposits of the IBR based on two ∼ 500 m stratigraphic sections. New detrital-apatite fission-track (dAFT) and (U-Th)/He (dAHe) dates from the Surma Group in the IBR help to constrain maximum depositional ages (MDA), thermal histories, and sediment accumulation rates. Three fluvial facies (F1–F3) and four shallow marine to intertidal facies (M1–M4) are delineated based on analog depositional environments of the Holocene–modern GBD. Unreset dAFT and dAHe ages constrain MDA to ∼ 9–11 Ma for the Surma Group, which is bracketed by intensification of turbidite deposition on the eastern BNF (∼ 13.5–6.8 Ma). Two dAHe samples yielded younger (∼ 3 Ma) reset ages that we interpret to record cooling from denudation following burial resetting due to a thicker (∼ 2.2–3.2 km) accumulation of sediments near the depocenter. Thermal modeling of the dAFT and dAHe results using QTQt and HeFTy suggest that late Miocene marginal marine sediment accumulation rates may have ranged from ∼ 0.9 to 1.1 mm/yr near the center of the paleodelta. Thermal modeling results imply postdepositional cooling beginning at ∼ 8–6.5 Ma, interpreted to record onset of exhumation associated with the advancing IBR fold belt. The timing of post-burial exhumation of the IBR strata is consistent with previously published constraints for the avulsion of the paleo-Brahmaputra to the west and a westward shift of turbidite deposition on the BNF that started at ∼ 6.8 Ma. Our results contextualize tectonic controls on basin history, creating a pathway for future investigations into autogenic and climatic drivers of behavior of fluvial systems that can be extracted from the stratigraphic record.
Drug Developments of Schistosomiasis

Background: Praziquantel is the primary drug for schistosomiasis. Therefore, drug development for treating schistosomiasis is needed. Several drug candidates are available. These include such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and Allium sativum Linnaeus. Objectives: In this study, the author reports the progress in a study of schistosomiasis that focused on drug development, which include arachidonic acid and arthemeter as objectives of this study. Methodology: The author searched the PMC Database and PubMed Database on prevention of schistosomiasis. All were at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The author also searched Google and ScienceDirect for schistosomiasis articles. All articles were free unrestricted open access and in English. Results: There are several drug candidates for treating schistosomiasis. These include ARA, arthemeter, mefloquine, and antimonial drugs. For example, ARA decreases Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni worm burdens. Allium sativum is active against Schistosoma and intermediate host such as Oncomelania hupensis. A second pathogen may be used for treating schistosomiasis. For example, Salmonella typhimurium could ameliorate the severity of schistosomiasis. Conclusion: Drug candidates for treating schistosomiasis consist of such as arachidonic acid and Allium sativum. These drug candidates can kill schistosmes. A second pathogen as S. typhimurium may be helpful for eliminating schistosomiasis.
What Is the Impact of Business Teacher’s Physiognomies on Senior High Students’ Academic Performance in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana?

Teachers’ behavior, level of qualification, and years of experience play an important role in achieving students’ academic success. The present study explored the effects of Business Teachers’ Physiognomies (teachers’ personality, qualification, and working experience) on Senior High School Business students’ academic performance in the Kumasi Metropolis. The descriptive research design was employed in the study. Seven hundred and fifty (750) cost accounting, business management, and financial accounting high school students in the ten selected senior high schools in Kumasi Metropolis were involved in the study through a random sample technique. A standardized questionnaire was used in collecting data for the research. Moreover, three successive terms of the academic results of students were gathered to use for the study. The scores of students were analyzed using cross-tabulation for all three courses. Multiple linear regression was adopted to regress teachers’ personality, qualifications, and working experience on students’ academic performance. The study found that cost accounting, business management, and financial accounting teachers’ personality, working experience, and qualification level have a significant positive effect on students’ performance. It was recommended that schools’ leaders ensure teachers are inspired to maintain their good work in enhancing business students’ academic performance.
On the footsteps of Théodore Monod: biogeographical and ecological implications of an insect assemblage from the hottest spot on earth (in central Lut Desert, SE Iran)

We present the entomological results of a geological and biological exploration in the Lutdesert, performed in 2014 by the Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and AtmosphericSciences (INIOAS) and the University of Tehran. Five localities were sampled, including theone considered as the the hottest spot on Earth. They yielded 15 insect taxa belonging to Blat-todea, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, suggesting that in spite of being originally de-scribed as “abiotic” or “aphytic”, the Lut desert shelters a diverse insect fauna with someremarkable elements such as the endemic desert cockroache Leiopteroblatta monodi. Compar-ison with results obtained by Franco-Iranian expeditions in the sixties and seventies revealsseveral taxa in common, but also striking differences in the composition of the insect assem-blages, suggesting that the insect fauna in the Lut desert is potentially much more diverse thanpreviously expected.
Achiral Calcium-Oxalate Crystals with Chiral Morphology from the Leaves of Some Solanacea Plants

The leaves of some plants, particularly among the Solanacea, contain crystals of calcium oxalate with a peculiar chiral pseudo-tetrahedral morphology, even though the calcium oxalate crystal structure is centrosymmetric, hence achiral. We studied the morphology of these crystals extracted from the leaves of three Solanacea plants: the potato, the hot pepper, and a species of wild Solanum. The crystal morphology was the same in all three species. Based on the examination of more than 100 crystals from each plant, we showed that the crystal morphology is chiral with invariant chirality. We suggest that morphological chirality is induced by macromolecules during nucleation from a specific, genetically encoded crystal plane, and is further established during subsequent controlled crystal growth. This is one of few examples where it is possible to deduce a molecular mechanism for biologically induced breaking of morphological symmetry in organisms. A very high level of recognition is required by the macromolecules to allow them to distinguish between symmetry-related crystal planes. It is also surprising that this finely controlled mechanism of crystal formation, including the chiral morphology, has been conserved during evolution.
Development of the exact exchange scheme using a basis set framework

A combination of the exact exchange (EXX) scheme for the approximation of the exchange term within the density functional theory is presented. For this task we have developed it and implemented in the atom code program. As will be discussed in this article, the use of this approach has the advantages of using a simple, but efficient, calculation numerical code and the refinement of the EXX method for the exchange part within the Khon–Sham formalism. We present the development of the EXX theory within an atomic scheme for energy calculations. Results for several atomic systems are presented. We found a remarkable improvement in the energies of all the systems studied compared with the local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation approaches. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003
Extracellular vesicles derived from macrophages display glycyl‐tRNA synthetase 1 and exhibit anti‐cancer activity

Abstract Glycyl‐tRNA synthetase 1 (GARS1), a cytosolic enzyme secreted from macrophages, promotes apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying GARS1 secretion has not been elucidated. Here, we report that GARS1 is secreted through unique extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 20–58 nm (mean diameter: 36.9 nm) and a buoyant density of 1.13–1.17 g/ml. GARS1 was anchored to the surface of these EVs through palmitoylated C390 residue. Proteomic analysis identified 164 proteins that were uniquely enriched in the GARS1‐containing EVs (GARS1‐EVs). Among the identified factors, insulin‐like growth factor II receptor, and vimentin also contributed to the anti‐cancer activity of GARS1‐EVs. This study identified the unique secretory vesicles containing GARS1 and various intracellular factors that are involved in the immunological defence response against tumorigenesis.
An augmented representation method of debris flow scenes to improve public perception

ABSTRACT Virtual scenes can present rich and clear disaster information, which can significantly improve the level of public disaster perception. However, existing methods for constructing scenes of debris flow disasters have some deficiencies. First, the construction process does not consider public knowledge, which makes it difficult for the constructed scenes to meet the requirements of the public. Second, the scene representation emphasizes visual effects but lacks augmented visualization, leading to scarcity of semantic information and inefficient public perception. In this paper, the optimal selection of scene objects, semantic augmentation through the combination of various visual variables and dynamic augmented representation are discussed in detail. Finally, a debris flow that occurred Shuimo town is selected for experiment analysis. The experimental results show that most people are unaware of the risks posed by debris flow disasters. The public is more concerned about the consequences of a disaster than its spatiotemporal process, especially when the consequences are related to their own interests. Furthermore, an augmented representation can increase the amount of semantic information of scene objects, which is essential for enhancing public understanding of the causes, processes and effects of debris flows and thereby changing people’s attitudes and enhancing their risk perception.
When Stress becomes Hopelessness

Today, we face uncertainty in the outcomes of very influential events. Events resulting as consequences from a series of choices like the ominous butterfly effect that can turn mere moments in time into a perfect storm. Social unrest from a series of poor choices made by law enforcement officials resulting in peaceful protests or looting. Civic uncertainty regarding economic factors and infection control in the face of a pandemic resulting in greater use of technology or bold defiance of COVID-19 prevention measures with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. The political response seeming timely and opportunistic for influential men and women to speak against the motives of their opponents leaving voters to feel empowered or ambivalent. These events and the choice of responses are not so different from those of historical events. The plight of the Revolutionary War left early Americans ready to fight for freedom or endure tyranny. The Civil War split a country for or against slavery with white landowners needing to choose between the ideal of equality or greed at the expense of slavery. Unfortunately, cultural and social differences among people continue to influence acts of aggression by one against another that expresses different values or beliefs. Many notable political leaders - Washington, Lincoln, Grant, King, Johnson, Wilson, and others - chose to speak out against oppression, against antagonists for change. The colloquial belief is that everyone has a choice; however, these political leaders, you, I, everyone has had influential moments in our upbringing that taught us what is right and wrong…according to us. We perceive our world as we choose. With our aptitude for learning coupled with conceptual processing, human beings are capable of overcoming great challenges; how-ever, we at times can be overwhelmed by what we perceive as absolute truths or impassable barriers. The folly of which is rationalizing our response to circumstances from a sense of hopelessness. Questions
Variability of ΔpCO2 in the subarctic North Pacific. A comparison of results from four expeditions

Time-space variability of surface seawater p CO 2 is examined over the region (150°W−180°, 46°N−50°N) of the subarctic North Pacific where large meridional gradients of temperature and nutrient concentrations exist. The data were collected during four trans-Pacific expeditions in three different years (1985–1987), but within the same 30-day period of the year (August – September). Systematic measurement differences between the four data sets are estimated as < 10 μatm. The inter-expedition comparison suggests that surface seawater p CO 2 in the study area is quite variable, with mean differences of up to 25 μatm and local differences up to 60 μatm. Spatial and interannual variability of surface seawater p CO 2 were found to contribute significant uncertainty to estimates of the mean Δ p CO 2 for the study area. Fluxes were calculated using Δ p CO 2 values from the four expeditions combined with gas exchange coefficients calculated from four different wind fields giving a range of − 0.94 to + 4.1 mmol CO 2 m −2 d −1 . The range of fluxes from the study area is scaled to a larger area of the North Pacific to address how this variability can translate into uncertainties in basin-wide carbon air-sea exchange fluxes. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1998. t01-1-00006.x
Correlation between Serum Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 with Left Ventricular End-diastolic Volume in Children with Heart Failure

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) on echocardiography is one of the tests performed on heart failure. This refers to the volume of the left ventricle at the end of the diastolic phase, which would be increased when there is a disturbance in preload, afterload, and contractility factors. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) is a marker of congestive heart failure that can be examined through laboratory examinations. AIM: The objective of the study was to provide evidence of the association between MMP and inflammatory process as well as its correlation with LVEDV in children with heart failure. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on children aged 3 months–12 years old with heart failure, who visited Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia from May 2017 to March 2018. Echocardiographic examination (LVEDV) and blood samples were taken to measure the serum level of MMP2 on day 1 after the subjects were diagnosed with heart failure. RESULTS: A total of 32 subjects with heart failure were analyzed in this study. Acyanotic congenital heart defect (CHD) was the most common cause of heart failure, as observed in 23 subjects (71.9%). Characteristics data revealed that 24 subjects (75%) were underweight, 23 (71.9%) had cardiomegaly, and 22 (68.8%) had mild heart failure. Data analysis showed a moderate positive correlation between MMP2 levels with LVEDV after controlling for the influence of age (p = 0.02; r = 0.425). CONCLUSION: There was a moderate positive correlation between MMP2 level and LVEDV after controlling for the age factor.
Translational and Rotational Dynamics of Rodlike Cellulose Whiskers

The dynamic properties of suspensions of rodlike cellulose microcrystallites (whiskers) are investigated using polarized and depolarized dynamic light scattering (DLS, DDLS) and transient electric birefringence (TEB). The whiskers were prepared by controlled sulfuric acid hydrolysis from cotton and tunicate cellulose fibers. Translational (D) and rotational (ϑ) diffusion coefficients in dilute suspensions were measured. For the cotton system, D = 5.5 × 10-8 cm2/s, ϑDDLS = 552 s-1, and ϑTEB = 536 s-1. With the use of Broersma's relations, the rotational and translational diffusion coefficients lead to values of the length L = 255 nm and the cross-section diameter d = 15 nm. For the tunicate-derived whiskers, D = 1.5 × 10-8 cm2/s, ϑDDLS = 11 s-1, and ϑTEB = 14 s-1. These values and Broersma's relations give L = 1160 nm and d = 16 nm. The DDLS and TEB techniques are in good agreement for the rotational diffusion coefficients, especially for the cotton whiskers. These results provide validation for using DDLS.
Model-independent determination of the surface scattering-length-density profile from specular reflectivity data

An approach for analysing neutron and X-ray specular reflectivity data from stratified media having variation in the scattering-length density near the surface is described. The method has its origin in small-angle scattering and it is composed of two steps: (i) indirect Fourier transformation [Glatter (1977). J. Appl. Cryst. 10, 415-421] giving the profile correlation function p(z) of the derivative dp/dz of the scattering-length density; (ii) square-root deconvolution [Glatter (1981). J. Appl. Cryst. 14, 101-108] giving dp/dz and p, the scattering-length-density profile. The only requirement for applying the method is that the scattering-length density varies only in a limited range. In nearly all cases the approach does not require any knowledge of the chemical composition of the surface layer and consequently incorporates a certain degree of objectivity. The method gives the smoothest profile which agrees with the experimental reflectivity data. The method is tested on simulated reflectivity data for a series of different surface profiles and subsequently used for analysing experimental data on fluorocarbon amphiphiles in water and salt solutions. The tests on simulated data show that the indirect Fourier transformation gives correlation functions agreeing very well with the corresponding functions of the original profiles. It is further demonstrated that the square-root deconvolution gives reliable results for the scattering-length-density profiles.
Organic dyes based on fluorene and its derivatives

Data on various types of organic dyes based on fluorene and its derivatives, including polymethine, styryl, triphenylmethane, spiran, merocyanine, porphyrin and polymeric dyes, as well as azo dyes and donor–acceptor polyenes, are described systematically. The key methods for their synthesis are considered. The properties of the dyes are analyzed and summarized. The principles of development of modern functional materials based on these dyes are outlined. The use of these materials in advanced fields of science and technology such as photovoltaics, electroluminescence, nonlinear optics, holography, sensing photodynamic therapy are considered. The bibliography includes 476 references.
K-NEAREST NEIGHBOUR CLASSIFIER USAGE FOR PERMISSION BASED MALWARE DETECTION IN ANDROID

ABSTRACT Android application platform is making rapid progress in these days. This development has made it the target of malicious application developers. This situation provides a numerical increase in malware apps, diversity in techniques, and rise of damage. Therefore, it is very critical to detect these software and escalation the security of mobile users. Static and dynamic analysis, behaviour scrutiny, machine learning methods are used to ensure security. In this study, K-nearest Neighbourhood (KNN) classifier, one of the machine learning methods, is used. Thus, it is aimed to detect malignant mobile software successfully and quickly. The tests is conducted with dataset includes 492 malware and 697 benign applications. In the proposed algorithm, neighbour number 5 and distance metric is preferred as Minkowski. 80% of dataset randomly selected is reserved for training and 20% for testing. As a result, while 94.1% accuracy is achieved, precision 91.2%, recall 92.7% recall and f1-measure is 92.4%. The high value obtained in f1-measure shows that the proposed model is successful in detecting both malware and benevolent software. The success of using KNN algorithm in classification of malicious apps in the Android has been demonstrated.
Raman spectroscopy of CdS nanoparticles

CdS nanoparticles with average radius Ro = 2.2 nm have been investigated by Raman scattering measurements. The nanoparticles, synthesized using aqueous solution precipitation, are small enough to show effects due to confinement. In the Raman spectra of CdS nanoparticles an asymmetric Raman line was observed. The dominant line was at about 300 cm–1 having asymmetric broadening for ω < 300 cm–1. We considered a single crystalline sphere to calculate the relative contributions of the confined modes to the Raman scattering. The second harmonic of these confined modes was also registered. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Umbilical cord blood stem cells: clinical application of allogeneic material, problems and perspectives of banking

Abstract: Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), successfully used for allogeneic transplantation to treat a wide range of serious diseases. This article discusses a number of topical problems associated with the functioning of public low-temperature banks of UCB. The principles of standardization, quality control and the eﬀective selection of the cryopreserved units at the transplant center’s request are considered from the point of view of the world transplantation practice for this unique biological material. The issues related to the trends in therapy using mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from the fetoplacental complex tissues and their cryopreservation are also deliberated. Special attention is paid to the issues of biomedical ethics and the prospects of public UCB bank establishing in Ukraine, its role in the development of the national HSCs unrelated transplantation. Probl Cryobiol Cryomed 2020; 30(3): 213–235