Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extended TimeWarp latency compensation for virtual reality

Head-mounted virtual reality displays exhibit latency between sensing the users head position and updating the camera transformation for the image on the screen. With current sensors, rendering pipelines, and displays, this latency is on the order of several milliseconds and is believed to contribute to simulator sickness symptoms of disorientation, headache, and nausea. [LaValle et al. 2014]
BDI agents for social dynamics in epidemiology

Problematic: Epidemiological phenomena often involve a large number of entities host, vector, pathogen, environment, etc. that can interact and give rise to complex dynamics ranging over several spatiotemporal scales. These dynamics can have serious health consequences, especially in Africa, like the spread over large geographical areas and the contamination of a large number of persons. Epidemiological phenomena, because of their evolution that results from the elements interactions, can be described as complex systems [1]. To efficiently study them, it is necessary to go through a process of modelling and simulation [2] in order to produce prediction tools and define prevention and control policies. Traditional mathematical epidemiology has always been an essential framework for epidemiological problems. It puts emphasis on equations-based models to represent disease dynamics. However, such models use homogeneousness over space and individual. This is problematic when we observe the geographical, social and interactional aspects of populations in the spread of diseases. Indeed, these models do not take into account the complexity of human interactions which serve as a mechanism for the transmission [3]. Through different epidemiological concerns such as roles of geo-spatial, social and interactional aspects in the spread of disease, new epidemiological challenges of modelling and simulation are to examine in order to better understand and fight against the spread of infectious disease [4], [5] [6]. This is the purpose of this subject; review/define/use computational tools [7][8] in epidemiology, especially agents [9] with cognitive capabilities based on the BDI architecture (Believes, Desires, Intentions) [10].
Follow the Tactile Metronome : Vibrotactile Stimulation for Tempo Synchronization in Music Performance

In this paper we present a pilot study evaluating the effectiveness of a tactile metronome for music performance and training. Four guitar players were asked to synchronize to a metronome click-track delivered either aurally or via a vibrotactile stimulus. We recorded their performance at different tempi (60 and 120 BPM) and compared the results across modalities. Our results indicate that a tactile metronome can reliably cue participants to follow the target tempo. Such a device could hence be used in musical practice and performances as a reliable alternative to traditional auditory click-tracks, generally considered annoying and distracting by performers.
Server-Side Components - A Pattern Language

The paper consists of several sections. Each of them is introduced briefly here. Intended Audience, the next chapter, defines who should read the pattern language, and why. More information about the technologies hints at some literature and web resource that provide greater levels of detail for each of the example technologies EJB, COM+ and CCM. Pattern Form describes the form of each of the patterns in the language (Alexandrian). The next section, A short Story talks about a fictional dialog of a software developer and a consultant to put the patterns into context. This story appears several times throughout the language.
Lymphocytic infiltration in uveal malignant melanoma

A study relating the intralesional infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells to patient survival was performed on cases of uveal malignant melanoma accessed at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC (AFIP) between 1954 and 1971. The authors examined 1193 cases using light microscopy. Of the 1078 cases with technically acceptable histologic sections, 134 tumors contained 100 or more lymphocytes per 20 high‐power (X400) microscopic fields (20 HPF). The prevalence was 12.4%. This was designated the “high lymphocytic” group. An equivalent number of cases with fewer lymphocytes comprised the “low lymphocytic” group. The survival rate at 15 years was 36.7% for patients in the high lymphocytic group and 69.6% for patients in the low lymphocytic group. Using the Cox model, the authors found that an increased number of lymphocytes per 20 HPF was significantly associated with decreased survival (chi‐square = 21.2, P = <0.0001). A significant association was observed even when we controlled for other risk factors (chi‐square = 6.98, P = 0.008).
A CORBA service enabling programmer-friendly object-oriented real-time distributed computing

The TMO (time-triggered message-triggered object) structuring scheme has been established to remove the severe limitations of conventional object structuring techniques in developing real-time distributed computing (RTdC) applications. To facilitate the construction of TMO-structured RTdC applications consisting of CORBA-compliant TMO components, a middleware named TMO Execution Support (TMOES) has been created. TMOES itself is a CORBA object that can be supported by any ORB conforming to the standard specifications. Its instantiation must reside in every computing node involved in RTdC applications. This paper presents the architecture and an implementation model of TMOES.
Parameter-Space Exploration for Computed Tomography Image Analysis Algorithms

We present a tool which supports computed tomography specialists in exploring the parameter and result space of volume segmentation pipelines. In a preprocessing step, the user samples the parameter space of a number of pipelines to be analysed. Our sampling tool supports arbitrary pipelines that can be parametrized via the command line. The results from sampling the parameter spaces of these pipelines are clustered by image similarity. The user can then explore the space of possible results in an interactive visualization tool. This visualization tool highlights the variation resulting from different parametrizations and pipelines, and allows exploring the influence of each parameter. We evaluate our tool on the multimodal segmentation of a carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer specimen with impact damage, scanned with a Talbot-Lau grating interferometer computed tomography device.
Adsorption and surface-enhanced Raman of dyes on silver and gold sols

Several negatively charged dyes were investigated for their possible adsorption on the surface of silver and gold colloidal particles. Those dyes that were found to adsorb on the particles were then checked for surface enhancement of Raman scattering. Highly efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was observed from a carbocyanine dye in both sols. Excitation-dependence studies as well as adsorption studies confirm the SERS nature of the Raman spectra obtained. The dye is probably aggregated on adsorption and is probably attached through the naphthalene side moiety to the surface. Less efficient SERS was also observed for copper phthalocyanine.
Skin disease‐related T cells bind to endothelial selectins: expression of cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) predicts E‐selectin but not P‐selectin binding

Cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), defined by the HECA‐452 antibody, is a cell surface glycoprotein found on a subset of T cells in peripheral blood that binds specifically to E‐selectin. This marker is present on the majority of T cells at sites of cutaneous inflammation and immune responses. Based upon such evidence, an association between T cell CLA expression and skin homing has been proposed. To understand better this relationship, we asked whether putative disease‐related, antigen‐specific T cells expressed CLA. In this study, we employed T helper type 2 (TH2) T cell clones specific for house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) antigens. These cells were derived from challenged skin of an individual known to react positively to epicutaneous challenge with this agent. In this study, we show that these cloned T cells showed very high homogeneous expression of CLA (nearly 500‐fold higher than T cell clones derived from peripheral blood) and bound specifically to recombinant E‐selectin. The CLA molecule on these cells was identified not only by HECA‐452, but also by CSLEX‐1, indicating that it contained sialyl‐Lex (S‐Lex) determinants. T cells cloned under similar conditions from peripheral blood were CLA negative or low and bound poorly to E‐selectin. Surprisingly, both skin and blood clones bound comparably to P‐selectin. This binding was independent of S‐Lex or CLA expression. We conclude that in sensitized individuals, antigen‐specific T cells expressing high levels of CLA localize in skin promptly after epicutaneous challenge. This localization is likely to involve the interaction of S‐Lex determinants on the CLA molecule with E‐selectin on the dermal microvasculature. We further conclude that T cells can interact with P‐selectin on endothelium and that S‐Lex does not appear to be necessary for this interaction.
Relationship Between Applied Field Gradient and Magnetization Switching in ECC Structured Dots

The dependence of the switching of magnetic dots with a composite structure on applied field gradients is investigated. The dot size and magnetic properties were targeted at 2 Tbit/in -class bit patterned media. In the case of a head field with only a perpendicular component, the switching probability can be considered to be the fraction of the dot volume in which the field exceeds the average switching field of the dot when measured in a globally uniform field. The switching probability also depends on the recording field gradient within the dot. On the other hand, in the case of a vector recording field with in-plane components, the switching probability can be approximated by considering the angular dependence of switching field, calculated in a globally uniform field. Additionally, down-track write margins are estimated and found to increase logarithmically as the gradient is increased.
Further factors for the estimation of mean glandular dose using the United Kingdom, European and IAEA breast dosimetry protocols

The United Kingdom, European and IAEA protocols for breast dosimetry in mammography make use of s-factors which allow for the use of different target/filter combinations. To supplement the existing protocols, a Monte Carlo computer program has been used to calculate s-factors for mammography using a tungsten target with silver filters of thicknesses 50–75 µm and for the same target filtered with 0.5 mm aluminium. The dosimetry protocols use slabs of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) of specified thicknesses to simulate the exposure of typical breasts. The equivalent thickness of PMMA has been calculated using a simplified approach for a wider range of x-ray spectra and for breast thicknesses of 2–11 cm. The results show that for the tungsten/silver target/filter combination, a single s-factor of 1.042 can be used with the protocols, but when the tungsten target is filtered with 0.5 mm of aluminium, it is necessary to select from a tabulation of s-factors against breast thickness. The equivalent thicknesses of PMMA for a given breast thickness show some dependence on beam quality and the values obtained differ from those presently used in the dosimetry protocols by an amount which depends upon breast thickness and half value layer (HVL). For the extreme case of an 11 cm breast and an HVL of 0.62 mm Al, the use of the protocol thickness would give rise to an error of 10%, but for breast thicknesses of 6 cm or less, the error is typically 2–3%.
Imprinting magnetic information in manganites with x rays.

The effect of x rays on an orbital and charge ordered epitaxial film of a Pr0.5Ca0. 5MnO3 is presented. As the film is exposed to x rays, the antiferromagnetic response increases and concomitantly the conductivity of the film improve. These results are discussed in terms of a persistent x-ray induced doping, leading to a modification of the magnetic structure. This effect allows writing electronic and magnetic information in the film and represents a novel way of manipulating magnetism.
Management of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS)

This article aims to highlight the current management of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) based on a systematic review of current literature. Literatures reviewed were from the Internet medical search engine such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase. The search was narrowed down to the topic under review. In all, 1,345 articles were initially obtained. These were subsequently narrowed to 83 reviews so as to meet the objective of the review which describes persistent or recurring low back pain with or without sciatica following one or more spine surgeries. The increase in the number of patients undergoing back surgery has led to a corresponding increase in patients whose expectations are not met. Poor outcome following back surgery ranges from 10% to 40%. Outcome worsens with increase in the number of reoperation. Evaluation of this patient should be by detailed history, physical examination, and investigation. The treatment approach should be holistic and all encompassing. Patients psychological state and expectations should be assessed. Etiology of FBSS may include wrong diagnosis, failure to address the primary pathology, and intraoperative surgical errors. Treatment of FBSS is multidisciplinary. The treatment modalities include pharmacological, physical, interventional, spinal cord stimulation, psychological, and surgical.
α-endosulfine (ENSA) regulates exit from prophase I arrest in mouse oocytes

Mammalian oocytes in ovarian follicles are arrested in meiosis at prophase I. This arrest is maintained until ovulation, upon which the oocyte exits from this arrest, progresses through meiosis I and to metaphase of meiosis II. The progression from prophase I to metaphase II, known as meiotic maturation, is mediated by signals that coordinate these transitions in the life of the oocyte. ENSA (α-endosulfine) and ARPP19 (cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein-19) have emerged as regulators of M-phase, with function in inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Inhibition of PP2A maintains the phosphorylated state of CDK1 substrates, thus allowing progression into and/or maintenance of an M-phase state. We show here ENSA in mouse oocytes plays a key role in the progression from prophase I arrest into M-phase of meiosis I. The majority of ENSA-deficient oocytes fail to exit from prophase I arrest. This function of ENSA in oocytes is dependent on PP2A, and specifically on the regulatory subunit PPP2R2D (also known as B55δ). Treatment of ENSA-deficient oocytes with Okadaic acid to inhibit PP2A rescues the defect in meiotic progression, with Okadaic acid-treated, ENSA-deficient oocytes being able to exit from prophase I arrest. Similarly, oocytes deficient in both ENSA and PPP2R2D are able to exit from prophase I arrest to an extent similar to wild-type oocytes. These data are evidence of a role for ENSA in regulating meiotic maturation in mammalian oocytes, and also have potential relevance to human oocyte biology, as mouse and human have genes encoding both Arpp19 and Ensa.
Effect of two doses of interval training on maximal fat oxidation in sedentary women.

INTRODUCTION The primary aim of the current study was to determine the effect of two doses of chronic high-intensity interval training (HIT) on changes in maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and body composition. METHODS Sedentary women (N = 23, age and V˙O2max = 24.2 ± 6.2 yr and 30.3 ± 5.2 mL·kg-1·min-1, respectively) completed either high (HI) (80%-90% maximal workload) or moderate (MOD) intensity (60%-80% maximal workload) HIT on a cycle ergometer 3 d·wk-1 for 12 wk consisting of 6-10 sixty-second bouts interspersed with active recovery. Seven women of similar age and fitness level served as controls. Every 3 wk, substrate oxidation was assessed during progressive exercise via indirect calorimetry to determine MFO and minimum fat oxidation, and body composition was assessed every 6 wk. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to examine changes in substrate oxidation in response to training, with training group used as a between-subjects variable. RESULTS Results revealed improved MFO (P = 0.04, 19%-25%) and minimum fat oxidation (P = 0.001, 22-24 W) in response to HIT, yet the magnitude of improvement was similar (P > 0.05) between training paradigms. No change (P > 0.05) in body weight, percent body fat, or waist-hip circumference was revealed with training. CONCLUSION These data suggest that 12 wk of either moderate or more strenuous interval training similarly enhance fat oxidation in sedentary women but do not alter body weight or body composition.
Skin Grafting: Dermal Components in Inhibition of Wound Contraction

The inhibition of wound contraction by skin grafting is widely accepted but poorly understood. We used an experimental model of contraction to study the effect of dermal organization, cellularity, and collagen matrix on contraction inhibition. Wound beds covered with inverted and collagen matrix grafts contracted at the same rate as full-thickness grafts. Heat denaturation diminished this ability. Partial-thickness grafts derived from papillary or reticular dermis inhibited contraction to an equal degree. Inhibition of contraction appears to relate to the amount of intact dermal collagen matrix transferred, and not to another component of a full-thickness graft.
Enhanced chemotaxis of tumor‐derived and virus‐transformed cells to fibronectin and fibroblast‐conditioned medium

SV40 transformants of human embryo fibroblasts showed an enhanced chemotactic response to fibronectin and conditioned medium of fibroblasts in comparison to the non‐transformed cells. An even higher chemotactic response was characteristic for a malignant human fibrosarcoma cell line, whereas cells derived from low‐grade malignant dermatofibrosarcoma showed a normal response in the Boyden chamber assay. The high stimulation of chemotaxis is paralleled by a reduced synthesis and an altered deposition of fibronectin in the pericellular matrix of these cells. Both high chemotactic response and lack of deposition of fibronectin may play a role in tissue invasion and formation of metastasis by malignant tumors.
Methods for Microscopic Characterization of Oral Biofilms: Analysis of Colonization, Microstructure, and Molecular Transport Phenomena

Assessment of the role of biofilm microstructure in biofilm-specific activities requires non-destructive measurement techniques for parameterization of structural characteristics in parallel with relevant biochemical and physiological data. This paper briefly reviews some current methods for biofilm structural analysis, with emphasis on new developments in optical imaging and mathematical modeling methods. Fluorescence imaging studies of bacterial colonization events occurring on exposed model tooth surfaces indicated that bacterial adhesion to sessile organisms was of central importance to the early colonization process and that this occurred in a non-random manner. Structural studies of mature biofilms by confocal microscopy demonstrated the spatial distribution of individual species using fluorescent antibodies. Biofilms grown under different physiological conditions exhibited differences in structure, and methods were developed for parameterizing the spatial orientations of the bacteria. Diffusive processes within biofilm microstructures were studied using a random walk model in both 2-D and 3-D. Modeling of convective flow within biofilm microstructures was achieved by application of lattice Boltzmann methodology.
Blocking probability of bicast connections in a Clos network

Clos networks, which are ubiquitous in large capacity switches, have been widely studied for unicast connection requests. But most of the results for unicast do not hold when the switch has to support multicast connections. Our interest is specifically in bicast connections which are required for setting up backup protected circuits in optical backbone networks. In this work we have proposed two approximation methods to estimate the blocking probability of a switch that is not strictly non-blocking in the presence of bicast connections. We have considered two ways of realizing a bicast connection - by splitting the circuit at the outer stage or at the middle stage. We have also carried out simulations to be compared with our analytical results and found that they closely match. Furthermore, we have compared two routing strategies - one randomly selects an available middle stage block and the other selects one of the highly loaded ones, and found that the latter significantly reduces blocking.
Temporal Pattern Shifts to Avoid Acoustic Interference in Singing Birds

Two species of forest birds, the least flycatcher and the red-eyed vireo, when breeding in the same season in the same habitat, adjust their temporal pattern of singing to avoid the overlapping of songs. The avoidance of acoustic interference is more marked in the flycatcher, which has a briefer song than the vireo.
Dynamic analysis of coupled Gray Cow Patches and Checkerboards Coexist Cellular Neural Networks

Nature abounds with complex patterns emerging from biological, chemical, physical and social systems. Cellular Neural Networks (CNNs) may produce patterns similar to those found in nature, which implies that CNNs may be used as prototypes to describe some systems in nature. The Gray Cow Patches and Checkerboards Coexist CNNs introduced by Chua et al. can generate patterns that cow patches and checkerboards coexist from any random initial patterns. In order to investigate the characteristics of the Gray Cow Patches and Checkerboards Coexist CNNs, this study introduces the concepts of so-called inherent (final) active, inherent (final) passive, and inherent (final) neutral for pattern pixels, and proposes the Global Task and Local Rules of the Gray Cow Patches and Checkerboards Coexist CNNs, and establishes a set of theorems and corollaries. Three simulation examples have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of theoretical results. Two instances reveal the characteristics of typicality.