Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FOLIC ACID IN RUMINANT NUTRITION

Folic acid plays an essential role in ruminant nutrition. Microorganisms in the rumen can synthesise folates, but these amounts are not sufficient to achieve the best efficiency of dairy cows. However, the amount of folates synthesised in the rumen could possibly, to some extent, be affected by the forage: concentrate ratio. The supply of folates by the diet and the synthesis by ruminalmicroflora is sufficient to prevent folic acid deficiency in dairy cows and to maintain normal gestation and lactation. Degradation of orally supplemented folic acid in the rumen seems to be very high (about 97 %), as supplementation of folic acid hardly increases folate concentrations in the digesta at the duodenum. However, it must be considered that dietary supplements of folic acid higher than 0·5 mg/kg body weight increased serum folate concentrations in all available studies and milk folate concentrations in most studies. Additionally, milk production tended to be increased in some studies. Therefore, degradation of folic acid in the rumen may be overestimated as folates can be absorbed at the proximal duodenum. For future research it is necessary to consider the whole flow and the metabolic pathways of folates from the rumen to duodenum, blood, tissue, milk and transfer to calf to declare requirement values for cows.
Pentingnya Penghayatan Budaya Perusahaan dalam Usaha Meningkatkan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan

Company culture can help the company to gain the success that is wanted by the company. To be able to use the company culture maximally, company need to grow the equal value on every employee. Togetherness in following the same culture or value, can create unity and confident on every employee. When that happen, it will create a good and healthy working environment. Those environment can build a high creativity and commitment from the employee, so in the end they are able to fix the working performance and accommodate many changes in the company on to positive direction.
Mutation analysis of the tumor suppressor PTEN and the glypican 3 (GPC3) gene in patients diagnosed with Proteus syndrome

Proteus syndrome is a complex hamartomatous disorder characterized by asymmetrical gigantism, epidermal nevi, vascular malformations, hamartomas, lipomas, and hyperostosis. Since the syndrome was first described, many hypotheses have been proposed to explain its occurrence. The most plausible is Happle's somatic mosaic hypothesis, but no somatic mutations in candidate genes have been reported to be clearly involved in Proteus syndrome. However, germ‐line PTEN mutations have been reported in patients with Proteus and in “Proteus‐like disorders. ” Other studies of patients with Proteus syndrome have not supported these findings. In this study, affected and unaffected tissue from six patients diagnosed with Proteus syndrome were screened by direct sequencing of genomic DNA to determine if there might be an association between germ‐line or somatic mutations in PTEN or GPC3 and the development of Proteus syndrome. No intra‐exonic mutations were identified, indicating that neither PTEN nor GPC3 are likely to have major roles in the etiology of Proteus syndrome in our series of patients. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of the Effect of a New Mobile Device in a Semi-Saturated Market in Japan Based on Agent Model

It is often said that the introduction of a new service based on a new technology is important to activate the market and to obtain larger share in the market of mobile phone. At the same time, however, it is also said that there is an effect of network externality in the mobile phone market that tends to fix the share in the market and that it is difficult to change the share once the market reaches saturation. In this paper, we study the case of camera implemented cellular feature phone that was first introduced by a Japanese cellular phone service firm under the circumstance that the market is almost saturated. We analyze the market based on an agent model simulation. One can see that there is some amount of market share changes due to the introduction of the new technology even if the market is almost saturated.
Are Brokers' Buy, Hold and Sell Recommendations of Value to Individual Investors?

Investors who invest on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) base their investment decisions on information obtained from the financial press, radio and television or from a broker or investment consultant. The purpose of the study is to test the hypothesis that an individual using information obtained from sharebroking companies can earn a return in excess of the market return on the JSE. To test this hypothesis, a buy, a hold and a sell portfolio were created using the average recommendations received from the brokers. The results of this study indicate that investors can earn a return greater than that of the market return based on brokers' recommendations to buy and to hold, if no risk-adjustments are made to the returns. If the returns are adjusted for risk, the brokers' recommendations were able to render a return superior or equal to the market and they are able to limit investors' losses in relation to the movement in the market.
Pressure ulcers in the intensive care unit: the relationship between nursing workload, illness severity and pressure ulcer risk.

Aims and objective. To verify association between PU development with nursing workload and illness severity and to verify whether nursing workload and illness severity are related with Braden Scale scores. Background. Critically ill patients are more susceptible to treatment complications because of the severity of their clinical condition. Design. Prospective descriptive study. Methods. Patients consecutively admitted to three intensive care units (ICUs) of a public university hospital located in Sao Paulo, Brazil and without pressure ulcer (PU) at admission and a minimum stay of 24 hours were included in the sample. Prospective data collection included demographic, clinical and hospitalisation data, Nursing Activities Score (NAS), Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPSII) and Braden Scale. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to verify whether nursing workload and illness severity are related with Braden Scale scores. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to verify whether nursing workload and illness severity were risk factors associated with PU development. Results. The study sample included 160 patients. The mean Braden score was 12·0 and PU incidence was 34·4%. Multivariate linear regression analysis identified as factors related to variation of Braden scores: illness severity (SAPSII), nursing workload (NAS) and age. Multivariate logistic regression showed a model with risk factors associated with PU development: sex, length of ICU stay, illness severity and nursing workload. Conclusion. Nursing workload, severity of illness, sex and length of ICU stay were identified as risk factors associated with PU development. However, nursing workload acted as a protective factor. Illness severity, nursing workload and age were related to Braden scores. Relevance to clinical practice. Accurate identification of risk factors and the use of clinical judgment in skin assessment are prerequisites for determining appropriate strategies to prevent pressure ulcers, to improve quality of care for patient safety and to reduce length of ICU and hospital stay and costs.
Recreation, Event, and Tourism Businesses: Start-Up and Sustainable Operations

Chapter 1. Your Commercial Recreation, Event, and Tourism Business Adventure Chapter 2. Entrepreneurship and the Business Planning Process Chapter 3. Business Concept: Products and Services Chapter 4. Retail, Other Profit Centers, and Facilities Chapter 5. Market Analysis, Target Markets, and Competitive Analysis Chapter 6. Marketing, Promotions, and Communications Chapter 7. Management, Leadership, and Team Building Chapter 8. Service Quality Management and Customer Loyalty Chapter 9. Ethics, Environmental Management, and Sustainability Chapter 10. Protecting Your Assets: Liability and Risk Management Chapter 11. Financial Planning and Analysis Chapter 12. Completing and Implementing the Business Plan Chapter 13. Preparing for a Career in Commercial Recreation, Events, and Tourism.
Proteomic analysis in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with atypical nonketotic hyperglycinemia and pulmonary hypertension – A pilot study

A variant phenotype of nonketotic hyperglycinemia has been described by our group associated with pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study is to investigate the cerebrospinal fluid proteomes to get an insight into this neurodegenerative process producing leukoencephalopathy with white matter spongiform degeneration. DIGE and MALDI‐TOF‐TOF analyses were performed to carry out the proteomic study of four patients against three normal controls and one additional control of a classical nonketotic hyperglycinemia. The differential proteomic analysis showed a displacement of some series of spots toward the acidic side. The shifted proteins showed a high degree of carbonylation and increased methionine sulfoxidation was found in cystatin C and in vitamin‐D‐binding protein. These findings in addition to the increase of serum malondialdehyde concentration provide evidence of an oxidative stress in the patients under study, which is probably systemic rather than mainly confined to the CNS. The similarities of our findings with those found in other neurodegenerative diseases suggest that oxidative damage is commonly involved in these pathologies. DIGE technology improves the 2‐D PAGE differential analysis and it is suitable in proteomic studies with a small number of cases.
Governance, labour and the global call centre value chain

The last decade has seen the creation of new international divisions labour in business services, as offshoring from the developed to the so-called developing countries has expanded (Dossani and Kenney, 2007). As the scale, diversity and complexity of ITES (information-enabled technology services) subject to remote delivery has grown, so too has geographical reach. The use of the term global service delivery by industry bodies, such as India’s National Association of Software and Service Companies (Nasscom) (Taylor, 2010a), reflects an evolving spatial change in service supply chains.
Estimation robuste et matrices aléatoires

Cet article propose une revue de litterature des recentes avancees en estimation robuste de matrices de dispersion vue sous l’angle de la theorie des grandes matrices aleatoires. Une exposition des resultats theoriques sera effectuee avant de proposer des applications aux domaines des statistiques et du traitement du signal. Les resultats theoriques montrent qu’alors que les estimateurs robustes de matrices de dispersion prennent une forme implicite et ainsi difﬁcile a analyser, dans le regime des grandes matrices aleatoires ou la grande taille des echantillons est commensurable a leur nombre, ces estimateurs tendent a se comporter de maniere similaire a des modeles matriciels aleaoires simples. Cette observation se traduit par l’apparition de nombreuses proprietes statistiques liees a ces estimateurs. En termes applicatifs, les estimateurs robustes de matrices de dispersion ont une longue histoire en tant qu’elements structurants permettant d’apprehender des donnees a queues lourdes ou contenant des observations aberrantes. Cette gestion des impulsivites des donnees est mieux comprise ici sous l’angle des grandes matrices aleatoires et permet d’introduire des methodes d’estimation robustes en traitement d’antennes, optimisation de portefeuilles, etc.
Marketing Corporate Image: The Company As Your Number One Product

Image: Leading Edge of Corporate Strategy * Establishing Favorable Market Position: Building Public Awareness and Acceptance * Redefining the Corporation: Merger, Takeover, and Other Reasons for Name Change. * Preselling Target Markets: Image and Brand--the Inseparable Duo * Impacting the Financial Community: Changing Investor Expectations * Advocacy Advertising: Presenting the Company's Position on Key Issues * Managing a Crisis: Frontline Defense When the World Falls Apart * Retaining Quality Employees: Using Image to Recruit and Keep the Best * Our Important Reminder: We Are Not Alone
The clinical, cerebrospinal fluid, and histopathologic effects of epidural ketorolac in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and histopathologic effects of epidural ketorolac. STUDY DESIGN Blinded, randomized, placebo controlled study. ANIMALS Twenty-two adult mixed breed dogs with 16 treatment and 6 control dogs, weighing 14.4 to 29.8 kg. METHODS Dogs were anesthetized and epidural catheters were placed at the lumbosacral space. Catheter placement was evaluated fluoroscopically. Ketorolac (0.4 mg/kg) or placebo (5% ethanol) was administered epidurally over a 52-hour period, with 5 injections given at 12-hour intervals. At 1, 2, 4, or 8 hours after the first and last injection of ketorolac, dogs were anesthetized and CSF was obtained. Control dogs had CSF sampled 1 hour after the first and last ethanol injection. Neurologic function and pain responses were evaluated before and during the study. Selected dogs were then killed and necropsies performed. RESULTS None of the dogs exhibited any clinical or neurologic abnormalities during the study. No statistical difference was noted in pain response or CSF analysis between treatment and control dogs. Gross necropsy revealed gastrointestinal ulceration of varying degrees in all treatment dogs. Histopathologic analysis of the spinal cord and meninges revealed minimal focal leptomeningeal phlebitis in 2 of 8 treatment dogs and minor subdural inflammation in 1 control dog. No changes to the neural structures were noted in any dogs. CONCLUSIONS Epidural administration of ketorolac did not cause clinical signs, alteration in CSF values, or pathologic changes to the spinal cord when used for short duration. Gastrointestinal ulceration was common when ketorolac was administered epidurally at 0.4 mg/kg every 12 hours for 5 treatments. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study documented the neurologic safety of epidural ketorolac in dogs before an efficacy trial can be performed. Gastrointestinal ulceration may limit use to short duration or a single injection.
Impact of hypertension on left ventricular hypertrophy regression and exercise capacity in patients operated for aortic valve stenosis

Objectives. To assess the influence of concomitant hypertension on left ventricular hypertrophy regression and exercise capacity in patients operated for aortic stenosis. Design. We performed echocardiography 1 week, 6- and 18-month postoperatively in 78 patients, aged 70 (28–86) years, who received Medtronic Hall (33), Biocor (8), Carpentier-Edwards S.A. V. (14) and Freestyle (23) prosthetic valves for severe aortic stenosis. Forty nine patients participated in treadmill tests with ergospirometry at the 6- and 18-month visits. Results. Left ventricular mass index was comparably reduced in normotensive and hypertensive patients (34 vs. 40 g/m2 after 6 months, and 43 vs. 46 g/m2 after 18 months, ns). In multiple regression analysis, adjusting for baseline left ventricular mass index, larger reduction in left ventricular mass index was associated with younger age and having a Freestyle prosthesis, but not with gender or history of hypertension (multiple R2=0.68, p < 0.05). Exercise capacity assessed as peak oxygen uptake increased from early to late evaluation in normotensive patients (VO2max 24.27 vs. 27.08 ml/kg/min, p < 0.05) while remained unchanged in hypertensive patients (VO2max 22.2 vs. 21.1 ml/kg/min). In multiple regression analysis, higher improvement in exercise capacity was predicted by male gender, younger age and absence of hypertension, while no independent association was found with Freestyle prosthesis (multiple R2 = 0.37, p < 0.05). Conclusions. In patients operated for aortic stenosis, concomitant hypertension is associated with lack of improvement in exercise capacity in spite of early left ventricular hypertrophy reduction comparable to what is found in normotensive patients.
Terms, Definitions and Symbols for Subsynchronous Oscillations

This paper presents proposed terms, definitions and symbols in pursuit of electric utility industry uniformity and common understanding in the analysis of subsynchronous resonance. For the purpose of this paper, the discussion is limited to series compensated transmission systems. These definitions are recommended, where applicable, in other unique areas encompassing subsynchronous oscillations. The work presented is a product of the Subsynchronous Resonance Working Group as part of the activity of the IEEE System Dynamic Performance Subcommittee.
CT screening: a trade-off of risks, benefits, and costs.

Screening for disease with computed tomography (CT) is fast becoming an enterprise. Whole-body CT screening is heavily marketed in the US, and while marketing directed toward the European population is less aggressive, the interest is no less. Direct consumer advertisement reaches out to the “worried wealthy” individual, who is usually healthy! CT screening is advertised on billboards, in newspapers, on television, and through the Internet. Selective information, astute framing of the data, and subliminal messages lure the individual to undergo a scan. Health care consumers are increasingly well informed due to modern information technology and, as a result, are demanding high-technology health care. CT screening addresses the main killers of the Western world: coronary heart disease (CHD), lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. In addition, abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are easily detected with CT. Abdominal tumors, other than colorectal cancer, may also be detected with CT. Powerful anecdotes that favor screening abound. Employer, peer, and family pressure may also influence an individual to undergo CT screening in the absence of symptoms that would normally warrant investigation. But where is the evidence that screening with CT does more good than harm? This evidence is lacking. Currently, no large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of screening with CT are published in the literature. The cost-effectiveness analyses published thus far that evaluate screening with CT are generally based on sparse data and questionable assumptions. Published cohort studies provide some evidence of diagnostic and prognostic value, but that is not enough to support the large-scale use of CT screening of ostensibly healthy individuals. The trade-offs need to be clarified. As yet, it is not clear that true-positive findings lead to gains in life expectancy and quality of life. Furthermore, for some diseases, the large proportion of false-positive results and the risks, anxiety, and costs associated with the further diagnostic workup required argue strongly against screening. Recently, powerful anecdotes have illustrated
The impact of actual and perceived disease severity on pre-operative psychological well-being and illness behaviour in adult congenital heart disease patients

Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the objective medical parameters related to congenital heart disease and patients’ ratings of cardiac disease severity were related to psychological well-being and illness behaviour during the pre-operative period. Methods: A total of 143 patients (63 male patients; 16–73 years old) with congenital heart disease evaluated the severity of their cardiac condition using a numerical rating scale ranging from 0, indicating the least severe condition, to 100, indicating the most severe condition. Psychological well-being was assessed using the Psychological General Well-Being Index (total score ≤60 indicating severe distress) and illness behaviour using the Illness Behavior Questionnaire. Results: Pre-operative psychological well-being was not related to the objective medical parameters reflecting cardiac disease severity. In contrast, total psychological well-being scores correlated significantly with patients’ subjective ratings of disease severity (p < 0.001). When compared with the reference values from the Italian population, the mean scores of the patients on psychological well-being were similar. As regards the Illness Behavior Questionnaire, the scores on denial were higher and those on hypochondria were lower compared with other hospitalised patients. Conclusions: This study shows that the perception of cardiac disease severity, and not the medical parameters in congenital heart disease, is related to the patients’ pre-operative psychological state. Thus, more importance needs to be given to assessing the patients’ pre-operative perception and psychological state independently of cardiac severity. Targeted interventions with regard to the cardiac condition are recommended.
TESTING A BEIR-VI SUGGESTION FOR EXPLAINING THE LUNG CANCER vs. RADON RELATIONSHIP FOR U.S. COUNTIES

Abstract—The BEIR-VI Report suggests that the large discrepancy between the observed lung cancer rate vs. radon exposure relationship for U.S. counties, and the predictions of linear no-threshold theory, may be explained by a strong negative correlation between smoking intensity and radon exposure. It proposes a model for testing that suggestion. We apply that model to the detailed data for U.S. counties; analysis shows that even a perfect negative correlation explains little more than half of the discrepancy, and the largest not-implausible correlation can explain less than a quarter of the discrepancy. We then extend the BEIR-VI suggestion to include a strong negative correlation between both the prevalence of smoking and the intensity of smoking. The largest not-implausible correlations can explain no more than 30% of the discrepancy. It is concluded that the previous interpretation of these data, that linear no-threshold theory fails this test, is sustained.
Promising survival for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme treated with concomitant radiation plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide.

PURPOSE Temozolomide is a novel oral alkylating agent with demonstrated efficacy as second-line therapy for patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This phase II study was performed to determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of concomitant radiation plus temozolomide therapy followed by adjuvant temozolomide therapy in patients with newly diagnosed GBM. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-four patients were enrolled onto this open-label, phase II trial. Temozolomide (75 mg/m(2)/d x 7 d/wk for 6 weeks) was administered orally concomitant with fractionated radiotherapy (60 Gy total dose: 2 Gy x 5 d/wk for 6 weeks) followed by temozolomide monotherapy (200 mg/m(2)/d x 5 days, every 28 days for six cycles). The primary end points were safety and tolerability, and the secondary end point was overall survival. RESULTS Concomitant radiation plus temozolomide therapy was safe and well tolerated. Nonhematologic toxicities were rare and mild to moderate in severity. During the concomitant treatment phase, grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or both were observed in 6% of patients, including two severe infections with Pneumocystis carinii. During adjuvant temozolomide, 2% and 6% of cycles were associated with grade 3 and 4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia, respectively. Median survival was 16 months, and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 58% and 31%, respectively. Patients younger than 50 years old and patients who underwent debulking surgery had the best survival outcome. CONCLUSION Continuous daily temozolomide and concomitant radiation is safe. This regimen of concomitant chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy may prolong the survival of patients with glioblastoma. Further investigation is warranted, and a randomized trial is ongoing.