Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Recruitment and Selection Challenges Faced by Higher Educational Institutions in Ghana: Evidence from Takoradi Technical University

This study examined the recruitment and selection challenges faced by higher educational institutions in Ghana with using Takoradi Technical University (TTU) as a case. The convergent parallel mixed method research approach was adopted in a descriptive survey design. A total of 94 respondents made up of 92 teaching staff and two key officers of the University were involved in the study using stratified, simple random and purposive sampling techniques, with questionnaire and interview guide as the instruments for data collection. Statistical tools such as frequencies, percentages and independent sample t-test were used for analyzing the quantitative data, whilst in the case of the qualitative analysis, transcribed data were analyzed thematically. The study observed that low salary and inadequate incentive packages in the institution, insufficient autonomy, competition from other tertiary institutions, and favoritism and personal contact were challenges to recruitment and selection. Other challenges found include over-reliance on internal recruitment, delays in declaring vacant positions, and political influence. These challenges were problematic to the success of recruitment and selection process of the University. Also, the recruitment and selection challenges that male lecturers faced were not different from that of their female colleagues. It is recommended that government should facilitate the employment of persons to teach in the tertiary institutions by way of removing embargos and providing the necessary clearance to enable the institution address its human resource capacity gaps. The Management of Takoradi Technical University should team up with the HRM Division to come out with clear measures to enhance transparency in recruitment and selection process.
The Effects of Ethical Leadership, Servant Leadership and Leader-Member Exchange on Compulsory Citizenship Behaviors

In the last three decades, there are numerous studies have been done that investigate some extra role behaviors, their antecedents, and consequences. Although their beneficial effects are widely accepted, some recent studies indicate that extra role behaviors have not always voluntary nature i.e. compulsory citizenship behavior. Instead, the studies stress that sometimes extra-role behaviors are a product of pressure. Right at this point, compulsory citizenship behavior-the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior-appear in the management field. Despite the importance of this construct in terms of its potential negative effects, interestingly, there are limited researches in the literature. In this context, after a literature review on the concept of compulsory citizenship behavior, this study provides a theoretical framework on some rarely studied predictors i.e., ethical leadership, servant leadership, leader-member exchange. Managerial and further research implications are provided.
ON LINEAR VECTOR MAXIMIZATION PROBLEMS

In this paper the solution sets of linear maxirnization problems with a vector criterion index are inves­ tigated. The properties of the solution sets are examined in terms of polar cones. A theorem is derived to show the necessary and sufficient conditions for the solution sets. An algorithm to find the solution sets is presented based on the theorem. An example is given to illustrate the theorem and the algorithm.
Mendez Torrecillas, Carlota and Halbert, Gavin W. and Lamprou,

It is important during powder granulation to obtain particles of a homogeneous size especially in critical situations such as pharmaceutical manufacture. To date, homogeneity of particle size distribution has been defined by the use of the d50 combined with the span of the particle size distribution, which has been found ineffective for polymodal particle size distributions. This work focuses on demonstrating the limitations of the span parameter to quantify homogeneity and proposes a novel improvedmetric based on the transformation of a typical particle size distribution curve into a homogeneity factor which can vary from 0 to 100%. The potential of this method as a characterisation tool has been demonstrated through its application to the production of granules using two different materials. The workspace of an 11mm twin screw granulator was defined for two common excipients (a-lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose). Homogeneity of the obtained granules varied dramatically from 0 to 95% in the same workspace, allowing identification of critical process parameters (e.g. feed rate, liquid/solid ratio, torque velocities). In addition it defined the operational conditions required to produce the most homogeneous product within the range 5mm–2.2mm from both materials. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Empirical Modelling of Solid-blocking Effect in a Blazka Respirometer for Gag, a Large Demersal Reef Fish

The effect of solid-body blocking in a large (257 l) Blazka-style respirometer was examined in gag Mycteroperca microlepis. Gag ranging from 376-690 mm total length were tested at velocities from 10 to 91 cm s -1 . The solid blocking effect (SBE) due to fish size, swimming speed, and water temperature was investigated by direct measurement of flow velocity at the area of the fish's maximum girth as compared to measurements at the rear (center) of the swimming chamber. Three models were compared as corrections for the SBE: the standard Bell and Terhune (BT), a novel modification of the Bell and Terhune (MBT) developed in this study, and the Bernoulli equation. Although the fit was good, the commonly used BT model consistently underestimated solid-blocking effect over the speeds tested (R 2 adj = 0.980) whereas the MBT and Bernoulli models provided better fits (both with R 2 adj = 0.993). The MBT model, with refined parameters for the fish body shape coefficient and fractional surface area exponent, yielded the best fit for observed data across all speeds for which gag were tested. This study also demonstrated that in Blazka-style respirometers, corrections were needed to account for SBE where fish occupied >10% of the cross-sectional area of the swimming chamber.
Non‐double‐couple earthquakes 2. Observations

Most studies assume that earthquakes have double‐couple (DC) source mechanisms, corresponding to shear motion on planar faults. However, many well‐recorded earthquakes have radiation patterns that depart radically from this model, indicating fundamentally different source processes. Seismic waves excited by advective processes, such as landslides and volcanic eruptions, are consistent with net forces rather than DCs. Some volcanic earthquakes also have single‐force mechanisms, probably because of advection of magmatic fluids. Other volcanic earthquakes have mechanisms close to compensated linear vector dipoles and may be caused by magmatic intrusions. Shallow earthquakes in volcanic or geothermal areas and mines often have mechanisms with isotropic components, indicating volume changes of either explosive or implosive polarity. Such mechanisms are consistent with failure involving both shear and tensile faulting, which may be facilitated by high‐pressure, high‐temperature fluids. In mines, tunnels are cavities that may close. Deep‐focus earthquakes occur within zones of polymorphic phase transformations in the upper mantle at depths where stick‐slip instability cannot occur. Their mechanisms tend to be deviatoric (volume conserving), but non‐DC, and their source processes are poorly understood. Automatic global moment tensor services routinely report statistically significant non‐DC components for large earthquakes, but detailed reexamination of individual events is required to confirm such results.
Online communication on climate change and climate politics: a literature review

The study of climate change communication has become an important research field. As stakeholders such as scientists, politicians, corporations, or NGOs increasingly turn to the Internet and social media for providing information and mobilizing support, and as an increasing number of people use these media, online communication on climate change and climate politics has become a relevant topic. This article reviews the available scholarly literature on the role of online and social media in climate communication. It analyzes how stakeholders use online communication strategically, showing, for example, that climate scientists and scientific institutions do not seem to be major players in online debates about climate change and climate politics. Furthermore, it highlights the characteristics of online climate communication, outlining, for example, that although (or because) many stakeholders participate online, this does not lead to robust scientific information or better debates. Eventually, the review assesses what is known about the uses and effects of online climate communication, showing that impacts on the broader public seem to be limited so far. Research desiderata are identified in the end, and directions for further studies are shown. WIREs Clim Change 2012, 3:527–543. doi: 10.1002/wcc.191
Continuous versus Discontinuous Transitions in the 
D
-Dimensional Generalized Kuramoto Model: Odd 
D
 is Different

The Kuramoto model, originally proposed to model the dynamics of many interacting oscillators, has been used and generalized for a wide range of applications involving the collective behavior of large heterogeneous groups of dynamical units whose states are characterized by a scalar angle variable. One such application in which we are interested is the alignment of orientation vectors among members of a swarm. Despite being commonly used for this purpose, the Kuramoto model can only describe swarms in 2 dimensions, and hence the results obtained do not apply to the often relevant situation of swarms in 3 dimensions. Partly based on this motivation, as well as on relevance to the classical, mean-field, zero-temperature Heisenberg model with quenched site disorder, in this paper we study the Kuramoto model generalized to $D$ dimensions. We show that in the important case of 3 dimensions, as well as for any odd number of dimensions, the $D$-dimensional generalized Kuramoto model for heterogeneous units has dynamics that are remarkably different from the dynamics in 2 dimensions. In particular, for odd $D$ the transition to coherence occurs discontinuously as the inter-unit coupling constant $K$ is increased through zero, as opposed to the $D=2$ case (and, as we show, also the case of even $D$) for which the transition to coherence occurs continuously as $K$ increases through a positive critical value $K_c$. We also demonstrate the qualitative applicability of our results to related models constructed specifically to capture swarming and flocking dynamics in three dimensions.
Domain Specific Conversational Intelligent Agents : Natural Language Processing in Real World Applications

Natural language processing (NLP) is the branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) studies that will shape the future of computing and Human Computer Interaction (HCI). Operational complexity of a conversational intelligent agent (Chat-bot) stems from human-related, linguistic and computational aspects. In this study, we define an architectural description of a chat-bot, address the NLP problems which needs to be solved and provide our proposed solutions for a functional conversational intelligent agent. The importance of Bayesian Statistics and Data mining of domain specific text and expected expansion areas are discussed for future research in the conversational AI development.
Deep Space Network turbo decoder implementation

A new decoder is being developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA's Deep Space Network. This unit will decode the new turbo codes, which have recently been approved by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS). Turbo codes provide up to 0.8 dB improvement in E/sub b//N/sub 0/ over the current best codes used by deep space missions. The new decoder is being implemented in software running on commercial DSP chips, removing the need to design complicated and expensive hardware as was the case with the previous generation of codes. The decoder will time-tag the data frames, perform frame synchronization in the symbol domain (as opposed to the current bit domain synchronization), decode the turbo coded frames, and output the decoded bits in the CCSDS Standard Formatted Data Units format. The decoder is initially designed to operate up to 365 kbps, but will increase in rate as DSP clock rates increase. The implementation will go operational in October, 2003.
Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Gambella Region, South west Ethiopia

Background: The information on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in certain geographic region is needed for a better understanding of epidemiology of TB and could have implications for development of new diagnostics, drugs, and vaccines. The aim of this study was to provide information on the strains of M. tuberculosis circulating in Gambella region. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted for six months (November 2012 and April, 2013) in order to generate a primary data on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clinical examination, Ziehl Neelsen staining, Mycobacterium culturing and molecular typing were used. M. tuberculosis isolates were characterized using region of difference 9 (RD9) and spoligotyping. The patterns of strains identified by spoligotyping were compared with the patterns registered in the SpoIDB4 database of the Pasteur Institute. Results: Culture positivity was confirmed in 53.49% (46/86) of the smear positive cases. Upon molecular characterization 86.95% (40/46) of culture positive samples were M. tuberculosis. The spoligotyping of the 40 isolates lead to the identification of 24 spoligotype patterns. Seven of the patterns were clustered and consisted of 2-3 isolates while the remaining 17 patterns were non-clustered consisting of a single isolate. The most prevalent strain was Spoligotyping International Typing (SIT) 289 with a proportion of 20.0% (8/40). Grouping of the isolates into lineages showed that 32.50% (13/40) were Euro-American, 17.50% (7/40) Indo-Oceanic, and amazingly the remaining 50.0% (20/40) of the isolates could not be grouped into the already known lineages and hence they were new. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that most of strains of M. tuberculosis circulating in the region are different from those reported from the other areas of the country. Hence, TB control program should give attention to the control of TB in Gambella region. In addition, characterizing the strains of M. tuberculosis circulating in the region would play a great role towards the mapping of molecular epidemiology of TB in Ethiopia.
Absolute dimensions of eclipsing binaries. XXV. U Ophiuchi and the evolution and composition of 5 M☉ stars

Context. Precise stellar masses and radii provide unique information on stellar evolution. In a Galactic context, they may also provide information on the evolution of the Solar neighbourhood. Aims. We aim to determine absolute dimensions for the mid B-type eclipsing binary U Ophiuchi and compare the inferred ages and chemical compositions to those of other binary stars with masses near 5 M� . Methods. We determine masses, radii, log g ,l ogTeff, and luminosities for the stars in U Oph from new radial velocities and uvby light curves. By improving the Wilson-Devinney code, we also derive precise apsidal-motion and light-time orbits of this triple system, using 353 times of minimum over 120 years. Finally, we compare the data for U Oph and three similar systems with the predictions of stellar models. — —
Demographic Change and the Structure of Wages: A Demand-Theoretic Analysis for Brazil

With rapidly declining fertility and increased longevity the age structure of the labor force in developing countries has changed rapidly. Changing relative supply of workers by age group, and by educational attainment, can have profound effects on labor costs. Their impacts on earnings have been heavily studied in the United States but have received little attention in Asia and Latin America, where supply shocks are at least as large and have often proceeded less evenly across the economy. We use data on 502 local Brazilian labor markets from Censuses 1970-2000 to examine the extent of substitution among demographic groups as relative supply has changed. The results suggest that age-education groups are imperfect substitutes, so that larger age-education cohorts see depressed wage rates, particularly among more-educated groups. The extent of substitution has increased over time, so that the decreasing size of the least-skilled labor force today is barely raising its remaining members' wages.
A specific DNA hybridization probe for detection of Pasteurella piscicida.

A 692 base pair (bp) DNA fragment from the bacterial fish pathogen Pasteurella piscicida was cloned into pUC9 and used as a hybridization probe for the identification of P, piscicida. The radiolabeled probe hybridized with itself, but did not hybridize in colony hybridization with other fish pathogens (including Aeromonas hpdrophila, A. salmonicida, Edwardsiella tarda, Pseudomonas angulliseptica, Vibrio anguillarum and Yersinia ruckeri), or with other related organisms (Haen~ophi lus influenzae, Pasteurella haemolytica, and P. multocida). Photobiotin-labeled probe hybridization detected P. piscicida chromosomal DNA by Southern and dot blot hybridizations. The radiolabeled probe directly detected P. piscicida on nitrocellulose filters smeared with infected kidney and spleen tissue of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The 3"P-labeled DNA probe was capable of detect~ng 3.9 ng of purified DNA and lo5 cells of P. piscicida. The cloned specific DNA probe can be used for rapid detection and identification of P. piscicida.
Atypical Antipsychotics and the Human Skeletal Muscle Lipidome

Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are a class of medications associated with significant metabolic side effects, including insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to analyze the skeletal muscle lipidome of patients on AAPs, compared to mood stabilizers, to further understand the molecular changes underlying AAP treatment and side effects. Bipolar patients on AAPs or mood stabilizers underwent a fasting muscle biopsy and assessment of insulin sensitivity. A lipidomic analysis of total fatty acids (TFAs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and ceramides (CERs) was performed on the muscle biopsies, then lipid species were compared between treatment groups, and correlation analyses were performed with insulin sensitivity. TFAs and PCs were decreased and CERs were increased in the AAP group relative to those in the mood stabilizer group (FDR q-value <0.05). A larger number of TFAs and PCs were positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in the AAP group compared to those in the mood stabilizer group. In contrast, a larger number of CERs were negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity in the AAP group compared to that in the mood stabilizer group. The findings here suggest that AAPs are associated with changes in the lipid profiles of human skeletal muscle when compared to mood stabilizers and that these changes correlate with insulin sensitivity.
Effect of Management Systems on Semen

Semen quality of muscovy drakes was studied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) under semi-intensive management system (SI), intensive system with wallow (IW) and intensive system without wallow (IO) using 12 active drakes in plot containing 60 female Ducklings. Semen collected by manual massage method 3 times at 5 days intervals beginning from week 33 showed that semen volume, sperm motility and sperm count were significantly higher (P<0.05) in SI and IW than IO. Semen volume of the drakes under the three management systems ranged from 0.20mls to 0.30mls with IW and IO being the highest (0.30mls) and least (0.20mls) respectively. Drakes reared under IO produced significantly least percent sperm motility (68.58), whereas, those reared under SI (75.42) and IW (76.67) produced significantly higher percent sperm motility. Drakes reared under IO gave the least (95.58 per ml. of ejaculate) sperm count. This is closely followed by drakes reared under IW (107.83) and SI (109.17) respectively. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the proportion of normal sperm and semen pH that could be attributed to management systems adopted; but sperm concentration of drakes in the 3 management systems varied significantly (P<0.05) being 1761.67 x 10 /ml (SI), 1801.67 x 10 /m (IW) and 1700.00 x 10 /ml (IO). In 6 6 6 conclusion, availability of Swimming water in the range and wallow contributes positively to the semen quality of Drakes.
Impact of reservoir operation on sediment deposition

Every year, reservoir sedimentation causes an estimated 1% reduction in the total capacity of reservoirs. When sediment deposits approach the dam, further issues related to sediment passing through the turbines, blocking of the outlets and dam safety arise. One of the possible ways to tackle these problems is by management of the sediment in the reservoir itself through a selected operation strategy. A long-term reservoir sedimentation model, Ressass, is used to explore the impact of reservoir operation on sediment deposition. This paper explores the influence of different water level management strategies that result from water supply and hydropower demands. The results show that preserving the live storage may increase the rate of approach of sediment deposits towards the dam. The findings may support reservoir managers when facing these sometimes opposite objectives. To illustrate the analysis, different theoretical strategies are applied to a case study of Tarbela, the largest dam and reservoir on the.
A Long-Run Relationship between Real Exchange Rates and Real Commodity Prices: The Case of Mongolia

In Mongolia, the mining sector has been upgraded and developed very sharply last few years and some international experts stated that this growth will be hold up related to the strategic deposits such as Oyu tolgoi, Tavan tolgoi. It shows that Mongolia will become more relative to the foreign economy in the further. So, this paper tries to examine whether the real exchange rate and the real price of commodity exports move together over time in case of Mongolia. In this paper, we used the Engle and Granger (1987) co-integration approach to assess the long-run relationships between two variables and according to empirical results, the increase in price of Mongolian commodity exports appreciates the domestic real exchange rate. Also, the average half-life of adjustment of real exchange rates to commodity price is found to be about six months.