Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Face Identification with Small Sample Sizes using Bag of Words and Histogram of Oriented Gradients

Face identification under small sample conditions is currently an active research area. In a case of very few reference samples, optimally exploiting the training data to make a model which has a low generalization error is an important challenge to create a robust face identification algorithm. In this paper we propose to combine the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and the bag of words (BOW) approach to use few training examples for robust face identification. In this HOG-BOW method, from every image many sub-images are first randomly cropped and given to the HOG feature extractor to compute many different feature vectors. Then these feature vectors are given to a K-means clustering algorithm to compute the centroids which serve as a codebook. This codebook is used by a sliding window to compute feature vectors for all training and test images. Finally, the feature vectors are fed into an L2 support vector machine to learn a linear model that will classify the test images. To show the efficiency of our method, we also experimented with two other feature extraction algorithms: HOG and the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). All methods are compared on two well-known face image datasets with one to three training examples per person. The experimental results show that the HOG-BOW algorithm clearly outperforms the other methods.
Emotional intelligence and religious orientation among secondary school students

This study was carried out to identify the differences of emotional intelligence and religious orientation between students in government secondary schools and religious secondary schools. This study involved 224 respondents that were chosen via purposive sampling technique. The emotional intelligence questionnaire used in this study was based on BarOn’s emotional intelligence theory while religious orientation was measured using the Religion Orientation Scale. Data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 19.0. T-test was used to observe the differences of emotional intelligence and religious orientation between students in government secondary schools and religious secondary schools. The results showed that there were differences in emotional intelligence but no difference was found in religious orientation between students from government secondary schools and religious secondary schools.
The Plasma Concentration of Lidocaine's Principal Metabolite Increases During Continuous Epidural Anesthesia in Infants and Children

C ontinuous epidural anesthesia is frequently used for anesthesia and analgesia during and after surgery in infants and children. Nevertheless, there are no data on the pharmacokinetics of repeatedly administered epidural lidocaine in children. We measured the concentrations of lidocaine and its principal active metabolite, monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX), in plasma samples obtained in a group of infants and children during continuous epidural anesthesia with lidocaine.
Rigid endosseous implant utilized as anchorage to protract molars and close an atrophic extraction site.

A two-stage endosseous implant, placed in the retromolar area of the mandible was utilized as rigid anchorage to translate two molars 10-12 millimeters mesially into an atrophic endentulous ridge. Despite substantial anchorage demand over a three year period, the endosseous implant remained rigid ("osseointegrated"). At the end of treatment the implant and adjacent, intravitally labeled bone were recovered. Microradiographic and polarized light analyses revealed that about 80 percent of the endosseous portion of the implant was in direct contact with mature lamellar bone. Bone labels demonstrated a remarkably high remodeling rate (about 30 percent/year) for cortical bone within 0.5 millimeter of the interface. Continuous remodeling may be the long-term mechanism whereby loaded implants resist bone fatigue and maintain "osseointegration. " Clinical use of orthodontic implants, placed outside the dental arches, requires careful attention to soft tissue management.
Genetic Variation in H2AFX Contributes to Risk of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprises a group of lymphoid tumors that have in common somatic translocations. H2AFX encodes a key histone involved in the detection of the DNA double-stranded breaks that can lead to translocations. H2afx is a dosage-dependent gene that protects against B-cell lymphomas in mice, making its human orthologue an ideal candidate gene for susceptibility to lymphoma. We did a population-based genetic association study of H2AFX variants in 487 NHL cases and 531 controls. Complete resequencing of the human H2AFX gene in 95 NHL cases was done to establish the spectrum of variation in affected individuals; this was followed by both direct and indirect tests for association at the level of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and as haplotypes. Homozygosity for the AA genotype of a SNP 417 bp upstream of the translational start of H2AFX is strongly associated [odds ratio (OR), 0.54; P = 0.001] with protection from NHL. We find a strong association of this SNP with the follicular lymphoma subtype of NHL (AA genotype: OR, 0.40; P = 0.004) and with mantle cell lymphoma (AA genotype: OR, 0.20; P = 0.01) that remains significant after adjustment for the false discovery rate, but not with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These data support the hypothesis that genetic variation in the H2AFX gene influences genetic susceptibility or resistance to some subtypes of NHL by contributing to the maintenance of genome stability. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(6):1098–106)
Boys Will Be Boys and Girls Better Be Prepared: An Analysis of the Rare Sexual Health Messages in Young Adolescents' Media

Despite concerns about high rates of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease in the United States, the mass media adolescents attend to most frequently include little accurate information about sexual health. In this study, a preliminary quantitative analysis of the sexual content in four media (television, magazines, music, and movies) popular among 3,261 Black and White adolescents (12–14 years old) found that less than one half of 1% of the content included information about or depictions of sexually healthy behavior. A qualitative analysis of the relatively rare instances of sexual health content revealed that across all four media the sexual health content was ambiguous and/or inaccurate, reinforced traditional gender stereotypes that males seek sex and females are responsible for protection against pregnancy, and presented puberty as funny and contraception as embarrassing or humiliating. These analyses suggest that significant changes in the media's presentations of sexuality would be required if the media are ever to be considered a healthy part of adolescents' sexual socialization.
3.7 A 7Gb/s rapid on/off embedded-clock serial-link transceiver with 20ns power-on time, 740μW off-state power for energy-proportional links in 65nm CMOS

Energy-proportional operation of serial links is imperative for realizing energy-efficient data centers and low-power mobile interfaces such as MIPI. Burst-mode communication, where the link is powered-off when idle and powered-on when needed, achieves energy proportional operation. Ideally, a burst mode link must be turned on/off in zero time, must consume zero power in the off-state and must incur zero energy overhead while making on/off transitions. However, these requirements are difficult to meet in practice and as a consequence, the efficacy of burst mode communication in achieving energy proportional operation is reduced. The main challenges in achieving small power-on time and off-state power include the design of fast-locking PLLs, CDRs and achieving fast settling of bias node voltages. In this paper, we present a complete 7Gb/s energy-proportional embedded-clock transceiver that achieves less than 20ns power-on time while consuming 63.7mW on-state power, 0.74mW off-state power and 1.2nJ of total transition energy penalty per burst.
Inflammatory Responses in Allergic Rhinitis: Traditional Approaches and Novel Treatment Strategies

Abstract Allergic rhinitis (AR) is associated with decreased learning, performance and productivity at work and school, as well as a reduced quality of life. With a staggering annual economic impact between $6 billion and $8 billion, AR affects 20% of the adult population and up to 40% of children. Effective therapy for allergic rhinitis requires understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, as well as the role of various inflammatory mechanisms. As such, various classes of medication are at the physicians' disposal to treat patients with allergic rhinitis. Among these are second-generation antihistamines and anticholinergic agents, intranasal corticosteroids, and mast cell stabilizers. Recently, montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, has been added to the modes of therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for allergic rhinitis. For patients refractive to standard pharmacologic intervention, immunotherapy has shown some promising results. As newer strategies emerge, treatment regimens for allergic rhinitis should continue to improve not only daytime symptoms, but also nighttime symptoms and sleep with the fewest possible adverse effects.
IS MOM IN CHARGE? IMPLICATIONS OF RESOURCE PROVISIONING ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE PLACENTA

The Trexler–DeAngelis model shows that placentas are most likely to evolve in environments with consistent, high levels of resource availability. An assumption imperative to the model is that placental species abort embryos in low food conditions. However, a previous experimental test of this assumption using the northern clade of Poeciliopsis showed no evidence for abortion. To distinguish between the alternatives that placental species either sacrifice body condition to maintain reproduction when resources are restricted, or that the previously documented pattern of resource allocation is a function of other life‐history correlates of placentation rather than placentation alone, we perform a similar experiment on the southern clade of Poeciliopsis. The southern clade has the opposite relationship between life‐history traits and placentation as seen in the northern clade. Our results mirror those from the northern clade, indicating that reproductive mode, rather than life history, dictates the pattern of resource allocation. These results add to the difficulties of explaining placental evolution within the constraints of the Trexler–DeAngelis model by restricting the range of resource conditions in which placental species can outcompete nonplacental species. They also lend support to hypotheses that suggest parent–offspring conflict in utero drives the evolution of the placenta.
This Déjà Vu Feeling—Analysis of Multidomain Protein Evolution in Eukaryotic Genomes

Evolutionary innovation in eukaryotes and especially animals is at least partially driven by genome rearrangements and the resulting emergence of proteins with new domain combinations, and thus potentially novel functionality. Given the random nature of such rearrangements, one could expect that proteins with particularly useful multidomain combinations may have been rediscovered multiple times by parallel evolution. However, existing reports suggest a minimal role of this phenomenon in the overall evolution of eukaryotic proteomes. We assembled a collection of 172 complete eukaryotic genomes that is not only the largest, but also the most phylogenetically complete set of genomes analyzed so far. By employing a maximum parsimony approach to compare repertoires of Pfam domains and their combinations, we show that independent evolution of domain combinations is significantly more prevalent than previously thought. Our results indicate that about 25% of all currently observed domain combinations have evolved multiple times. Interestingly, this percentage is even higher for sets of domain combinations in individual species, with, for instance, 70% of the domain combinations found in the human genome having evolved independently at least once in other species. We also show that previous, much lower estimates of this rate are most likely due to the small number and biased phylogenetic distribution of the genomes analyzed. The process of independent emergence of identical domain combination is widespread, not limited to domains with specific functional categories. Besides data from large-scale analyses, we also present individual examples of independent domain combination evolution. The surprisingly large contribution of parallel evolution to the development of the domain combination repertoire in extant genomes has profound consequences for our understanding of the evolution of pathways and cellular processes in eukaryotes and for comparative functional genomics.
Wavelet-Galerkin solution of a partial differential equation with nonlinear viscosity

A semi-implicit difference scheme in time direction is followed by WaveletGalerkin approximation in space, using Coiflet scaling functions as basis functions. Accuracy of the numerical results is determined by comparing the wavelet solutions with exact solutions, and with solutions by a classical high-resolution finite difference scheme which uses flux-limiter functions to approximate the convective term.
Successful Treatment of Pediatric Alopecia Areata of the Scalp Using Topical Bimatoprost

Alopecia areata (AA) is a genetic and immune‐mediated disease that targets anagen hair follicles. Despite limited evidence supporting the efficacy of corticosteroid treatments, they are often prescribed as first‐line therapy because of their favorable safety profile. Prostaglandin analogues are currently being studied as an alternate therapy for scalp AA in adults. Herein we present a case of steroid‐resistant multifocal AA that was successfully treated with topical bimatoprost.
Imaging evaluation of trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating pain syndrome in the sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Compression of the cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerve by a vessel, usually an artery, is considered the most common cause of trigeminal neuralgia. A number of additional lesions may affect the trigeminal nerve anywhere along its course from the trigeminal nuclei to the most peripheral branches to cause facial pain. Relevant differential considerations are reviewed starting proximally at the level of the brainstem.
A family Particle Swarm Optimization based on the family tree

The concept of the family was previously introduced into Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). To further study the multi-group structure of the Family PSO (FPSO), this paper introduces the family tree into the FPSO. It made different families form a family tree and a swarm consisted of some family trees. In the experiment, topological distance was used to form a family and three spatial structures of the family trees were simply defined and demonstrated in two-dimensional space. Simulations for seven benchmark functions demonstrated that two family trees in a swarm and each family had 2 particles that performed better than other combinations. Results also showed the multi-group structure of FPSO was a problem deserving of study at high-dimensional space.
Les langues Hmong-Mjen (Miao-Yao) : Problèmes de phonologie historique

Nous nous proposons d'entreprendre une etude comparative des langues hmong-mjen, appelees egaement miao-yao, qui sont parlees en chine du sud, dans le nord du vietnam, du laos, de la thailande et de la birmanie. Apres la presentation des travaux effectues dans le domaine de la linguistique diachronique hmong-mjen et la discusion de leur portee pour l'ethnohistoire des hmong et des mjen (chap. 1, pp. 16-62), nous decrivons les systemes phonologiques des quarante langue hmong-mjen en analysant le systeme des initiales, des rimes, des tons et, dans la mesure du possible, le sandhi tonal de chanque langue (chap. Ii,pp. 62-232). D'un point de vue synchronique, notre examen revele des langues avec pres de cent initiales, d'autres avec plus de cent rimes, d'autres enfin, avec plus de dix tons phonologiques (la glottalisation et phonation sont employes a des fins distinctifs dans la plupart des langues). D'un point de vue comparatif, c'est la dive des langues au sein de la famille hmong-mjen, voire a l'interieur d'une seule branche (hmong ou mjen), qui merite de retenir l'attention en ce qu'elle peut nous apprendre sur le changement linguistique. S'agissant de langues a tons, nous classons les tonemes de chaque langue d'apres un critere comparatif, en appliquant la numerotation etymologique des tons l'introduction de la perspective diachronique dans nos descriptions permet de mettre en evidence des particularites spec de la famille linguistique hmong-mjen (apparition d'oppositions de type plonatoire dans certaines categories tonales, li entre tons et timbres vocaliques lien entre tons et initiales). Le chapitre descriptif est suivi dune analyse comparativ vocabulaire apparente en hmong et en mjen (chap. Iii,pp. 234-299). Nous fondant sur deux cents fiches etymologiques, nous avons dresse les tableaux de correspondances des tons, des initiales et des rimes des quarante langues decrites precedemment. Ceux-ci permettent de preciser les problemes de classificaton interne des langues hmong-mjen et revelent l'interet que presentent les langues du groupe pu-nu encore peu etudiees.
SOS-based fuzzy stability analysis via homogeneous Lyapunov functions

The class of polynomial fuzzy-model-based (PFMB) control systems has gained considerable attention in fuzzy control. The PFMB control system under consideration often assumes that the Lyapunov functions are quadratic, allowing use of semidefinite programming and the sum of squares (SOS) decomposition. This paper introduces a homogeneously polynomial Lyapunov function for a stabilization problem in which the state feedback synthesis based on SOS decomposition is proposed. To verify the analytical theories regarding PFMB stabilization with the proposed method, two examples are demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Presentation of an immunodominant T-cell epitope of hepatitis B surface antigen by the HLA-DPw4 molecule

Human T cells that recognize a major epitope of the hepatitis B surface antigen were studied for their ability to react with antigen when presented by mouse fibroblasts that express class II products of the human major histocompatibility gene complex after gene transfection. L cells expressing HLA-DPw4, but not those expressing HLA-DR4 or HLA-DR7, induced strong proliferative responses of antigen-specific T cells to either hepatitis B surface antigen or the synthetic peptide S1d, which bears the immunodominant T-cell epitope. These results identified a genetic restriction element of human helper T-lymphocyte responses to a major antigenic determinant of hepatitis B virus and might be important in the design of subunit vaccines to this pathogen. Peptides that induce T-cell responses that are restricted by a frequently encountered major histocompatibility complex molecule in the general population such as DPw4 would be ideal candidates as subunit vaccines.
Succinic Acids as Potent Inhibitors of Plasmid-borne IMP-1 Metallo-β-lactamase*

IMP-1 metallo-β-lactamase (class B) is a plasmid-borne zinc metalloenzyme that efficiently hydrolyzes β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems, rendering them ineffective. Because IMP-1 has been found in several clinically important carbapenem-resistant pathogens, there is a need for inhibitors of this enzyme that could protect broad spectrum antibiotics such as imipenem from hydrolysis and thus extend their utility. We have identified a series of 2,3-(S,S)-disubstituted succinic acids that are potent inhibitors of IMP-1. Determination of high resolution crystal structures and molecular modeling of succinic acid inhibitor complexes with IMP-1 has allowed an understanding of the potency, stereochemistry, and structure-activity relationships of these inhibitors.
Maternal demographics and hemodynamics for the prediction of fetal growth restriction at booking, in pregnancies at high risk for placental insufficiency

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Screening and prevention tools for FGR, such as uterine artery Doppler imaging and aspirin, underperform in high‐risk groups, compared with general antenatal populations. There is a paucity of sensitive screening tests for the early prediction of FGR in high‐risk pregnancies.
The predictive value of lactate peak detected by the magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the brain of growth-restricted fetuses for adverse perinatal outcomes

Abstract Objective: To compare perinatal outcomes between patients with and without abnormal Doppler findings and lactate peak in the fetal brain detected by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) and to assess the feasibility of fetal brain lactate in the prediction of adverse obstetric outcomes in growth-restricted fetuses. Methods: Pregnancies with FGR fetuses underwent Doppler ultrasonography and 3 Tesla 1HMRS for the presence of lactate peak prior to the delivery. Patients were assigned into the following groups; normal Doppler, no lactate peak (Group 1), normal Doppler, lactate peak (+) (Group II), abnormal Doppler, no lactate peak (Group III), abnormal Doppler, lactate peak (+) (Group IV). Results: Five perinatal deaths, all in Group IV, were encountered (p < 0.001). Perinatal death rate was higher in patients with Doppler flow abnormality ((5/12 (41.7%)) than in patients without Doppler abnormality (0/23) (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in the presence (5/18 (27.8%)) than in the absence of lactate peak (0/17) (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Fetuses with brain lactate peak detected by 1HMRS in addition to altered Doppler findings are more likely to develop short-term morbidities and perinatal death. Fetal brain lactate detected by 1HMRS may represent a clinical marker of altered brain metabolism and further perinatal complications.