Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
C‐abl and bcr are rearranged in a Ph1‐negative CML patient.

Chromosomal analysis of a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) revealed a translocation (9;12) (q34;q21) without a detectable Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). Using molecular approaches we demonstrate (i) a rearrangement within the CML breakpoint cluster region (bcr) on chromosome 22, and (ii) a joint translocation of bcr and c‐abl oncogene sequences to the derivative chromosome 12. These observations support the view that sequences residing on both chromosome 9 (c‐abl) and 22 (bcr) are involved in the generation of CML and suggest that a subset of Ph1‐negative patients may in fact belong to the clinical entity of Ph1‐positive CML.
Early implementation of antifungal therapy in the management of febrile neutropenia is associated with favourable outcome during induction chemotherapy for acute leukaemias

Background: Mortality related to induction chemotherapy during the treatment of acute leukaemias (AL) has been estimated at 5–20%, and this increases with age. Fungal infection remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality and is considered an obstacle to the successful management of acute leukaemias.
Approaches to accommodate noisy data in the direct solution of inverse problems in incompressible plane strain elasticity

We apply the adjoint-weighted equation method (AWE) to the direct solution of inverse problems of incompressible plane strain elasticity. We show that based on untreated noisy displacements, the reconstruction of the shear modulus can be very poor. We link this poor performance to loss of coercivity of the weak form when treating problems with discontinuous coefficients. We demonstrate that by smoothing the displacements and appending a regularization term to the AWE formulation, a dramatic improvement in the reconstruction can be achieved. With these improvements, the advantages of the AWE method as a direct solution approach can be extended to a wider range of problems.
Velocity based motion-copying system for integrated reproduction of motion components

This paper proposes integrated reproduction of saved motion components by using velocity based motion-copying system. A motion-copying system has been studied in order to store and reproduce human haptic information. The motion-copying system is expected to be applied various applications such as industrial applications, training system, medical and welfare human assist, and so on. Above all, this paper considers the skill reproduction by robots. In this field, it is possible to reproduce the various motion by integration of the saved motion components, and the skill which is required some processes of works can be realized according to integrated reproduction of saved motion components. In conventional methods, however, the environmental location is required to know in the motion-loading phase. On the other hand, the proposed method can reproduce the saved motion components when the environmental location is unknown in the motion-loading phase. Finally, performance of the proposed method is compared with the conventional method by experiments, and the validity is confirmed.
Gefitinib in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial--INTACT 2.

PURPOSE Preclinical studies indicate that gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839; AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE), an orally active epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, may enhance antitumor efficacy of cytotoxics, and combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin had acceptable tolerability in a phase I trial. Gefitinib monotherapy demonstrated unparalleled antitumor activity for a biologic agent, with less toxicity than docetaxel, in phase II trials in refractory, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial evaluated gefitinib plus paclitaxel and carboplatin in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received paclitaxel 225 mg/m(2) and carboplatin area under concentration/time curve of 6 mg/min/mL (day 1 every 3 weeks) plus gefitinib 500 mg/d, gefitinib 250 mg/d, or placebo. After a maximum of six cycles, daily gefitinib or placebo continued until disease progression. End points included overall survival, time to progression (TTP), response rate (RR), and safety evaluation. Results A total of 1,037 patients were recruited. Baseline demographic characteristics were well balanced. There was no difference in overall survival (median, 8.7, 9.8, and 9.9 months for gefitinib 500 mg/d, 250 mg/d, and placebo, respectively; P =.64), TTP, or RR between arms. Expected dose-related diarrhea and skin toxicity were observed in gefitinib-treated patients, with no new significant/unexpected safety findings from combination with chemotherapy. Subset analysis of patients with adenocarcinoma who received > or = 90 days' chemotherapy demonstrated statistically significant prolonged survival, suggesting a gefitinib maintenance effect. CONCLUSION Gefitinib showed no added benefit in survival, TTP, or RR compared with standard chemotherapy alone. This large, placebo-controlled trial confirmed the favorable gefitinib safety profile observed in phase I and II monotherapy trials.
A mm-Wave Sensor for Remote Measurement of Moisture in Thin Paper Layers

We present the design and performance of a moisture sensor operating at 200 GHz for remote measurement of water content in paper. The system aims at industrial processes such as offset print and paper production. The moisture content in the paper is derived through an accurate measurement of the loss of a signal transmitted through the paper. The system is designed to achieve high accuracy in the measurement of the loss presented by the paper, not affected by 1/f or drift noise. The sensor is capable of resolving 0.005 dB loss achieving a moisture resolution of 0.1% for moisture content higher than 15%. The resolution can be improved if necessary in exchange for longer measurement times. The sensor is tested in offset print and paper production processes and measured values are compared to laboratory measured samples of the paper.
Method of automated epileptiform seizures and sleep spindles detection in the wavelet spectrogram of rats' EEG

A method and algorithm for automatic detection of epileptiform seizures, sleep spindles, and other high voltage rhythmic activity were developed. They based on the analysis of the ridges of EEG wavelet-transformation. The no informative points of the ridge are removed adaptively on the basis of power spectral density histograms analysis.
Treatment of Autoimmune Neuroinflammation with a Synthetic Tryptophan Metabolite

Local catabolism of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is considered an important mechanism of regulating T cell immunity. We show that IDO transcription was increased when myelin-specific T cells were stimulated with tolerogenic altered self-peptides. Catabolites of Trp suppressed proliferation of myelin-specific T cells and inhibited production of proinflammatory T helper–1 (TH1) cytokines. N-(3,4,-Dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (3,4-DAA), an orally active synthetic derivative of the Trp metabolite anthranilic acid, reversed paralysis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Trp catabolites and their derivatives offer a new strategy for treating TH1-mediated autoimmune diseases such as MS.
Long-Term Follow-Up of De Novo Use of mTOR and Calcineurin Inhibitors After Kidney Transplantation

Background: Long-term efficacy and safety of de novo use of the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) have been evaluated primarily using registry data. Methods: This was a pooled retrospective analysis of data obtained from 10 prospective randomized trials in de novo kidney transplant recipients (n = 581) receiving calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) combined with sirolimus (n = 329), everolimus (n = 128), or antimetabolites (n = 124). Results: There were no differences in patient (84.5 versus 80.9 versus 89.7%, P = 0.996), graft (65.4 versus 59.5 versus 73.1%, P = 0.868), and biopsy-confirmed acute rejection–free (78.1 versus 77.3 versus 79.0%, P = 0.976) survivals, respectively. The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection was lower (6 versus 3 versus 11%, P = 0.024) but treatment discontinuation was higher among patients receiving mTORi (66.0 versus 47.7 versus 31.5%, P < 0.001), respectively. At 5 years, median estimated glomerular filtration rate (49.6 versus 43.9 versus 53.2 mL/min, P = 0.006) was lower and the proportion of patients with proteinuria (53 versus 40 versus 23%, P < 0.001) was higher among patients receiving mTORi, respectively. Conclusions: The efficacy of de novo use of mTORi is comparable with that of antimetabolites in kidney transplant recipients receiving calcineurin inhibitor. Apart from the lower cytomegalovirus infection rate, the safety profile is unfavorable, showing higher treatment discontinuation rates and higher incidence of proteinuria.
Carotid Stent Fractures Are Not Associated With Adverse Events: Results From the ACT-1 Multicenter Randomized Trial (Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Versus Endarterectomy in Asymptomatic Subjects Who Are at Standard Risk for Carotid Endarterectomy With Significant Extracranial Carotid Stenotic Dise

Background: The impact of carotid artery stent fractures on the incidence of adverse clinical events remains unclear. The objective of this study is to report the stent fracture rate and its association with in-stent restenosis and adverse outcomes in the ACT-1 trial (Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Versus Endarterectomy in Asymptomatic Subjects Who Are at Standard Risk for Carotid Endarterectomy With Significant Extracranial Carotid Stenotic Disease). Methods: ACT-1 is a prospective multicenter trial of patients who have standard surgical risk with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis randomly assigned to carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy (Abbott Vascular). The primary end point was a composite of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction during the 30 days after the procedure or ipsilateral stroke during the 365 days after the procedure. After 771 patients were enrolled, successively randomly assigned patients were required to undergo annual radiographic (x-ray) analysis for stent fracture. Images were independently adjudicated by a core laboratory. Results: Of 1021 patients treated with carotid artery stenting during a mean follow-up of 3.1±1.6 years, 939 had at least 1 x-ray during the follow-up period. Stent fracture was reported in 51 (5.4%) patients. With a maximum follow-up period of 5 years, adverse clinical outcomes occurred in 39 patients with at least 1 x-ray during the follow-up. Of 826 (80.9%) subjects who underwent both duplex ultrasound and x-ray, 822 (99.5%) were interpretable. There was no association between stent fracture and the primary end point (P=0.86) or with restenosis (P=0.53). Conclusions: In this large, independently adjudicated, multicenter study, the stent fracture rate was low and not associated with major adverse clinical events or in-stent restenosis. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00106938.
Postdeployment traumatic brain injury screening questions: Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values in returning soldiers.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of Post-Deployment Health Assessment traumatic brain injury (TBI) screening questions employed by the Department of Defense (DOD). PARTICIPANTS Complete data was obtained from 3,072 soldiers upon return from a 15-month deployment to Iraq. METHOD Comparisons were made between responses to the DOD four-item screener and a brief structured clinical interview for likely deployment-related TBI history. The interview process was facilitated using responses to the Warrior Administered Retrospective Casualty Assessment Tool (WARCAT). RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of the DOD screening tool (positive response to all four items) in comparison to the clinician-confirmed diagnosis was 60% and 96%, respectively. The sensitivity increased to 80%, with a slight decrease in specificity to 93%, for positive TBI screening when affirmative responses to questions 1 and 2 only were included. CONCLUSIONS Affirmative responses to questions 1 and 2 of the DOD TBI screening tool demonstrated higher sensitivity for clinician-diagnosed deployment-related TBI. These two items perform better than positive responses to all four questions; the criteria presently being used for documentation and referral of a deployment-related TBI. These findings support further exploration of TBI screening and assessment procedures.
The Herpes Simplex Virus Host Shutoff RNase Degrades Cellular and Viral mRNAs Made before Infection but Not Viral mRNA Made after Infection

ABSTRACT A herpes simplex virus tegument protein brought into the cell during infection and designated the virion host shutoff protein (VHS) is an endoribonuclease that degrades mRNA. The prevailing view for many years has been that the VHS-RNase does not discriminate between cellular and viral RNAs and that the viruses prevail because the accumulation of viral transcripts outpaces their degradation. Here we report the following. (i) The degradation of viral mRNA made during infection of Vero or HEp-2 cells proceeds at a much-reduced rate compared to that of cellular mRNA. In effect, viral mRNAs are largely stable, whereas cellular mRNAs are rapidly degraded or, in the case of AU-rich mRNA, cleaved and rendered dysfunctional. (ii) In contrast to viral mRNAs made after infection, viral mRNAs expressed by plasmids transfected into cells prior to infection are degraded after infection at a rate comparable to that of cellular mRNAs. Moreover, the mRNA encoded by the transfected plasmid is hyperadenylated in the infected cell. Hyperadenylation but not degradation of mRNAs is blocked by actinomycin D. The results indicate that VHS-mRNA discriminates between viral and cellular mRNA but only in the context of infection and that discrimination is not based on the sequence of the mRNA but most likely on one or more viral factors expressed in the infected cell.
How much of the increased incidence of heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis is attributable to traditional cardiovascular risk factors and ischemic heart disease?

OBJECTIVE To compare the proportion of the risk for the development of heart failure (HF) that is attributable to traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and alcohol abuse between subjects with and subjects without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A population-based inception cohort of RA patients was assembled along with a similar cohort of subjects without RA. All individuals were followed up through their complete medical records, until HF incidence, death, migration, or January 1, 2001. The attributable risk of HF was estimated as the difference between the observed cumulative incidence of HF in each cohort (estimated from multivariable Cox models and adjusted for the competing risk of death) and the predicted cumulative incidence of HF in the absence of risk factors, with results expressed as a percentage of the observed cumulative incidence. RESULTS A total of 575 RA subjects and 583 non-RA subjects (mean age 57 years, 73% women) without HF at incidence/index date had a mean followup of 15.1 and 17.0 years, respectively. During that period, 165 RA and 115 non-RA subjects had a first episode of HF, with a cumulative incidence of 36.3% and 20.4%, respectively, at age 80 years. Among non-RA subjects, 77% of the HF at age 80 years was attributable to CV risk factors, IHD, and alcohol abuse combined, whereas among RA subjects, only 54% of the HF at age 80 years was attributable to these factors (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The excess risk of HF among RA patients is not explained by an increased frequency or effect of CV risk factors and IHD.
Power System Resilience to Extreme Weather: Fragility Modeling, Probabilistic Impact Assessment, and Adaptation Measures

Historical electrical disturbances highlight the impact of extreme weather on power system resilience. Even though the occurrence of such events is rare, the severity of their potential impact calls for 1) developing suitable resilience assessment techniques to capture their impacts and 2) assessing relevant strategies to mitigate them. This paper aims to provide fundamentals insights on the modeling and quantification of power systems resilience. Specifically, a fragility model of individual components and then of the whole transmission system is built for mapping the real-time impact of severe weather, with focus on wind events, on their failure probabilities. A probabilistic multitemporal and multiregional resilience assessment methodology, based on optimal power flow and sequential Monte Carlo simulation, is then introduced, allowing the assessment of the spatiotemporal impact of a windstorm moving across a transmission network. Different risk-based resilience enhancement (or adaptation) measures are evaluated, which are driven by the resilience achievement worth index of the individual transmission components. The methodology is demonstrated using a test version of the Great Britain's system. As key outputs, the results demonstrate how, by using a mix of infrastructure and operational indices, it is possible to effectively quantify system resilience to extreme weather, identify and prioritize critical network sections, whose criticality depends on the weather intensity, and assess the technical benefits of different adaptation measures to enhance resilience.
Reinterpretation of gizzard sizes of red knots world-wide emphasises overriding importance of prey quality at migratory stopover sites

The size of digestive organs can be rapidly and reversibly adjusted to ecological circumstances, but such phenotypic flexibility comes at a cost. Here, we test how the gizzard mass of a long-distance migrant, the red knot (Calidris canutus), is adjusted to (i) local climate, (ii) prey quality and (iii) migratory fuelling demands. For eight sites around the world (both wintering and stopover sites), we assembled data on gizzard masses of free-living red knots, the quality of their prey and the local climate. Using an energetic cost–benefit approach, we predicted the gizzard size required for fastest fuelling (net rate-maximization, i.e. expected during migration) and the gizzard size required to balance daily energy budgets (satisficing, expected in wintering birds) at each site. The measured gizzards matched the net rate-maximizing predictions at stopover sites and the satisficing predictions at wintering sites. To our surprise, owing to the fact that red knots selected stopover sites with prey of particularly high quality, gizzard sizes at stopovers and at wintering sites were nevertheless similar. To quantify the benefit of minimizing size changes in the gizzard, we constructed a model incorporating the size-dependent energy costs of maintaining and carrying a gizzard. The model showed that by selecting stopovers containing high-quality prey, metabolic rates are kept at a minimum, potentially reducing the spring migratory period by a full week. By inference, red knots appear to time their stopovers so that they hit local peaks in prey quality, which occur during the reproductive seasons of the intertidal benthic invertebrates.
Long‐term results of treatment for glomus jugulare and glomus vagale tumors with radiotherapy

Since 1954, 39 cases of glomus jugulare or vagale tumor have been treated by the authors with radiotherapy. The initial results with orthovoltage (280 kV) therapy were unpredictable, but 30 patients with 32 tumors treated with megavoltage radiotherapy (Cobalt‐60 [60Co] or linear accelerator) have shown either no evidence of recurrence or complications, with one exception, or died of causes unrelated to their glomus tumor. Megavoltage radiotherapy is recommended for primary treatment of all glomus tumors that present with evidence of bone invasion or nerve involvement.
Sequence variants in the 5′ flanking region of the leptin gene are associated with obesity in women

Few mutations have been found in the human leptin gene and the relationship between leptin gene sequence variation and human overweight is uncertain. To determine whether sequence variation within the leptin gene and its regulatory elements contribute to extreme obesity, we screened ∼3 kb of the 5′ flanking region and the three exons in 125 unrelated extremely obese (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) and 86 average weight women (BMI < 27 kg/m2). Within the protein coding regions only one heterozygous silent mutation was found (codon 102; AAC/AAT). Within the 5′ flanking region, six frequent sequence variants were detected (q > 0.10), and the allele frequencies of three of these variants differed between obese and average weight Caucasian women (+19, χ2= 4.46, p= 0.035; −1823, χ2= 4.36, p= 0.037; −2548, χ2= 5.73, p= 0.017). Nine infrequent sequence variants were detected (q < 0.05) but they did not occur more often among obese women compared with those of average‐weight. For extremely obese women, three polymorphisms (+19, −188, and −633) predicted the degree of obesity. Allelic variants may influence the regulation of the leptin gene and thereby influence body weight, particularly among extremely obese women. However, given the low variability in coding regions and the high variability in the 5′ flanking region, discerning the functional significance of each variant is likely to be difficult.
Cell-free synthesis of polyoma virus capsid proteins VP1 and VP2

Polyadenylated RNA isolated from the cytoplasm of mouse 3T6 cells 28 h after infection with polyoma virus has been isolated and translated in vitro. Polyoma capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 have been identified in the cell-free product by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, specific immunoprecipitation, and tryptic peptide fingerprinting. Polyoma mRNA species have been isolated by preparative hybridization to purified viral DNA immobilized on cellulose nitrate filters and shown to code for both VP1 and VP2. These experiments establish conditions for the isolation of late polyoma mRNA and the cell-free synthesis of polyoma capsid proteins and indicate that the active mRNA species are at least partially virus coded.