Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of muscle glycogen repletion, muscle protein synthesis and repair following exercise.

Recovery from prolonged strenuous exercise requires that depleted fuel stores be replenished, that damaged tissue be repaired and that training adaptations be initiated. Critical to these processes are the type, amount and timing of nutrient intake. Muscle glycogen is an essential fuel for intense exercise, whether the exercise is of an aerobic or anaerobic nature. Glycogen synthesis is a relatively slow process, and therefore the restoration of muscle glycogen requires special considerations when there is limited time between training sessions or competition. To maximize the rate of muscle glycogen synthesis it is important to consume a carbohydrate supplement immediately post exercise, to continue to supplement at frequent intervals and to consume approximately 1.2 g carbohydrate·kg(-1) body wt·h(-1). Maximizing glycogen synthesis with less frequent supplementation and less carbohydrate can be achieved with the addition of protein to the carbohydrate supplement. This will also promote protein synthesis and reduce protein degradation, thus having the added benefit of stimulating muscle tissue repair and adaptation. Moreover, recent research suggests that consuming a carbohydrate/protein supplement post exercise will have a more positive influence on subsequent exercise performance than a carbohydrate supplement. Key PointsFor rapid recovery from prolonged exercise, it is important to replenish muscle glycogen stores and initiate muscle tissue repair and adaptation.To maximize muscle glycogen replenishment, it is important to consume a carbohydrate supplement as soon after exercise as possible.Consume the carbohydrate frequently, such as every 30 minutes, and provide about 1.2 to 1.5 g of carbohydrate·kg(-1) body wt·h(-1). Efficiency of muscle glycogen storage can be increased significantly with the addition of protein to a carbohydrate supplement (~4 to 1 carbohydrate to protein ratio). The addition of protein to a carbohydrate supplement also has the added advantage of limiting post exercise muscle damage and promoting muscle protein accretion.
RENDIMIENTO PERCEPTUAL Y RECONOCIMIENTO CON CODIFICADORE S VOIP SOBRE REDES DE PAQUETES

El objetivo de este trabajo es llevar a cabo una exploracion sobre la degradacion introducida por una red IP sobre la calidad perceptual de la voz decodificada y el reconocimiento a partir de esta. Destaca la evaluacion de los codificadores mas empleados en este entorno: G.729, G723.1 e ILBC, asi como la amplia casuistica de simulaciones de canal, caracterizadas por el porcentaje de perdida de paquetes y el tamano medio de las rafagas. La evaluacion de los codificadores se realizo en dos planos: por un lado, se analizo la calidad perceptual de la voz reconstruida mediante el sistema PESQ, mientras que por otro se estudio la eficiencia del sistema de reconocimiento Aurora-2 a partir de la voz sintetizada. Finalmente, se presentan interesantes comparativas de la eficiencia de los codificadores, poniendo de relevancia y justificando sus debilidades y fortalezas.
Results of Endoscopic Radial Artery Harvesting in 1577 Patients

Objective We reviewed 1577 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using endoscopic harvesting of the radial artery (RA) to define our current results. Methods Since 2000, we have performed endoscopic RA harvest on 1577 consecutive patients; 1476 patients had isolated CABG, and 101 patients had CABG and other procedures. The mean ± SD age was 59.4 ± 9.0 years; 80.2% were men and 40% had diabetes mellitus. All data were prospectively collected. All-cause mortality was determined using the Social Security Death Index. Results There were nine in-hospital or 30-day deaths, for an operative mortality of 0.57%: mortality was 0.34% in isolated CABG and 3.85% in CABG/combined procedures. The overall estimated Kaplan-Meier survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 99%, 95%, and 88%. In 37 patients, the RAs were not harvested or were not used for grafting because of a positive Allen test, extensive calcification or dissection, intramural hematoma, and scarring from previous arterial lines or catheterization. During postoperative follow-up, five patients (0.32%) were treated for incisional infection, and there were no ischemic hand complications. Three patients had a perioperative myocardial infarction in the RA graft distribution, and 15 patients had a coronary artery reintervention in the RA graft distribution. Two other patients had a percutaneous coronary intervention of their RAs. The overall RA patency at 10 years was 82%. Conclusions Endoscopic harvest of the RA is an excellent minimally invasive conduit harvesting technique with minimal morbidity.
Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for carti-lage regeneration: in vivo testing in a refined preclinical sheep model of chondral and os-teochondral lesions

Una de las patologias musculo-esqueleticas mas prevalentes envuelve a las articulaciones y incluye la lesion del cartilago articular, siendo la rodilla una de las articulaciones mas afectadas. Las lesiones del cartilago pueden ser divididas en dos tipos distintos: lesiones de espesor parcial (lesiones condrales) que no penetran el hueso subcondral adyacente, y lesiones de espesor total (lesiones osteocondrales) que penetran el hueso subcondral. En la actualidad no existe un tratamiento efectivo para las lesiones condrales u osteocondrales, a pesar de existir un gran esfuerzo de investigacion en este sentido. La tendencia actual es desarrollar nuevos metodos celulares y basados en ingenieria tisular que puedan solucionar las limitaciones de las tecnologias existentes. Para este proposito, el uso de modelos animales es de extrema importancia, porque funcionan como una fuente de informacion unica entre los estudios in vitro y la aplicacion de la terapia en humanos. Diversos modelos animales son utilizados en el analisis de estrategias de reparacion del cartilago, de pequenos a grandes animales. Los pequenos animales (roedores y conejos) estan recomendados para estudios de mecanismo o prueba de concepto cuando datos sobre toxicidad, formulacion, respuesta a dosis o seguridad son necesarios antes de otros estudios. No obstante, los grandes animales (perro, cerdo, cabra, oveja o caballo) son necesarios para una verdadera investigacion traslacional cuyo objetivo sea obtener aprobacion reguladora para el uso clinico en humanos. Este trabajo presenta el estudio de un modelo experimental animal para la evaluacion de una abordaje de terapia celular en la regeneracion del cartilago articular de la rodilla. El objetivo fue el desarrollo de un modelo animal refinado, para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de terapias celulares utilizando celulas mesenquimales estromales con posible futura aplicacion en la medicina humana, y establecer las bases para los ensayos clinicos.
Selective and early increase of IL‐1 inhibitors, IL‐6 and cortisol after elective surgery

After trauma, inflammatory, immunological and hormonal changes are well documented. Surgical intervention is a form of programmed trauma. Through the study of surgical patients, changes in early endogenous mediators of inflammation, immune response and tissue repair can be investigated. Here we analysed changes in serum levels of IL‐1 inhibitors, IL‐1β, IL‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and cortisol in patients undergoing elective surgery. C‐reactive protein (CRP) was measured as a marker of the acute‐phase response. Rises in serum levels of IL‐1 inhibitors. IL‐6 and cortisol were detected as early as 1 h after the intervention. Peak levels were reached between 2 and 5 h. Serum levels of IL‐6 and cortisol remained elevated for several days implying a persistent production. Serum levels of IL‐1 and TNF did not change after the intervention. CRP levels peaked on day 2. The communication system sustained by endogenous mediators is activated after surgery as shown by selective changes in IL‐1 inhibitors, IL‐6 and cortisol. These mediators have different kinetics in serum and IL‐6 is not the only early mediator detected. Some IL‐1 inhibitors might be involved in the immunological depression observed after major surgery, in the regulation of the inflammatory response or in tissue repair. IL‐6 and cortisol seem to act synergistically to activate the acute‐phase response. A systemic role for IL‐l and TNF is not evident, even if the possibility that these lymphokines may act locally is not ruled out.
Altered Insulin Secretory Responses to Glucose in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects With Mutations in the Diabetes Susceptibility Gene MODY3 on Chromosome 12

One form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) results from mutations in a gene, designated MODY3, located on chromosome 12 in band q24. The present study was undertaken to define the interactions between glucose and insulin secretion rate (ISR) in subjects with mutations in MODY3. Of the 13 MODY3 subjects, six subjects with normal fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and seven overtly diabetic subjects were studied as were six nondiabetic control subjects. Each subject received graded intravenous glucose infusions on two occasions separated by a 42-h continuous intravenous glucose infusion designed to prime the β-cell to secrete more insulin in response to glucose. ISRs were derived by deconvolution of peripheral C-peptide levels. Basal glucose levels were higher and insulin levels were lower in MODY3 subjects with diabetes compared with nondiabetic subjects or with normal healthy control subjects. In response to the graded glucose infusion, ISRs were significantly lower in the diabetic subjects over a broad range of glucose concentrations. ISRs in the nondiabetic MODY3 subjects were not significantly different from those of the control subjects at plasma glucose levels <8 mmol/l. As glucose rose above this level, however, the increase in insulin secretion in these subjects was significantly reduced. Administration of glucose by intravenous infusion for 42 h resulted in a significant increase in the amount of insulin secreted over the 5–9 mmol/l glucose concentration range in the control subjects and nondiabetic MODY3 subjects (by 38 and 35%, respectively), but no significant change was observed in the diabetic MODY3 subjects. In conclusion, in nondiabetic MODY3 subjects insulin secretion demonstrates a diminished ability to respond when blood glucose exceeds 8 mmol/l. The priming effect of glucose on insulin secretion is preserved. Thus, β-cell dysfunction is present before the onset of overt hyperglycemia in this form of MODY. The defect in insulin secretion in the nondiabetic MODY3 subjects differs from that reported previously in nondiabetic MODY1 or mildly diabetic MODY2 subjects.
Étudier la dynamique de construits en psychologie sociale

Cet article precise les interets et les limites de la perspective dynamique initiee par Nowak et Vallacher en 1998 dans le domaine de la psychologie sociale. Cette perspective a fourni des avancees majeures en economie, en biologie et dans le controle moteur. Les modeles theoriques, les methodes, les instruments de recueil de donnees et les techniques d’analyse sont desormais au point afin d’une part de fournir une verification des hypotheses de fonctionnement psychologique laissees en suspens par les travaux nomothetiques classiques et d’autre part d’identifier l’influence des evenements de vie quotidiens sur le vecu psychologique. Une illustration sera donnee avec l’estime de soi. Cette nouvelle voie scientifique exige d’autant plus de rigueur pour ne pas etre percue comme un effet de mode ou hermetique a toute critique. Les pieges epistemologiques tels que l’analogie, les bonds conceptuels, les leurres technologiques ou l’exploitation de methodes inappropriees sont legions. Les chercheurs en STAPS qui s’illustrent aux confins des interactions entre comportements moteurs, emotions et pensees en situation ecologique possedent une longueur d’avance pour explorer ce nouveau champ. Ils utilisent en effet des concepts comme l’estime de soi, l’efficacite percue, la motivation et l’anxiete qui se pretent formidablement a cette aventure scientifique. Reste a eux de ne pas tomber dans les pieges que cet article tente de souligner.
Coarse-to-Fine Control Strategy for Matching Motion Stereo Pairs

This article proposes a slider stereo matching method, which employs a coarse-to-fine control strategy to overcome the false targets problem. At first, a stereo pair is taken at a short baseline, and a match is assigned to it. The resulting disparity map is then used to restrict search range and to predict occlusion for efficiently and reliably matching the succeeding stereo pair taken at a longer baseline. The system iterates the sliding and matching to obtain an enough disparity range.
Assessment of the elastic properties of heterogeneous tissues using transient elastography: Application to the liver

Fibroscanreg (Echosens, Paris, France) is a parametric transient elastography based device used to quantify liver fibrosis by following the propagation of a low frequency shear wave and measuring the mean Young's modulus of the liver. This device has been successfully applied to homogeneous tissues such as liver in patients with chronic hepatic diseases. Current developments in transient elastography target the characterization of heterogeneous tissues. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of parametric transient elastography in the characterization of heterogeneous tissues such as liver with heterogeneous fibrosis or tumors. The estimation of the shear wave velocity can be achieved by solving the elastic wave equation taking into account either the 1D, the 2D or the 3D components of the displacement spatial derivatives. Two methods are investigated: A 1D direct local inversion is performed on data acquired with a standard Fibroscanreg probe composed of a 3.5 MHz transducer mounted on a low frequency vibrator and a 3D direct local inversion is achieved on data acquired using a new dedicated multi-elements probe connected to an ultra-fast ultrasonic device. The algorithms are validated on simulations and on heterogeneous phantoms and tested on data acquired in the liver in vivo.
Adolescent suicide: music preference as an indicator of vulnerability.

OBJECTIVE This preliminary study investigated possible relationships between adolescents' music preference and aspects of their psychological health and lifestyle. METHOD Students (mean age 14.76 years) from two randomly chosen high schools completed self-report questionnaires on preferred music types and messages in the music. In addition the Youth Self-Report provided information about suicide ideation, deliberate self-harm, "depression," and "delinquency. " Brief risk taking and drug taking scales were administered in addition to questions about family environment. RESULTS A marked gender bias was shown to exist with 74% of girls preferring pop music compared with 70.7% of boys preferring rock/metal. Significant associations appear to exist between a preference for rock/metal and suicidal thoughts, acts of deliberate self-harm, "depression," "delinquency," drug taking, and family dysfunction. This was all particularly true for girls. In addition, feeling sadder after listening to the preferred music appeared to distinguish the most disturbed group. CONCLUSIONS The authors recommend that further academic study of these associations is warranted. Both preference for rock/metal music, particularly in girls, and feeling worse after listening to the music may be indicators in adolescents of vulnerability to suicidal thoughts and actions.
Treatment of systemic sclerosis with extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Results of a multicenter trial.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN In a pilot study of extracorporeal photochemotherapy, two patients with systemic sclerosis who received this therapy experienced significant clinical improvement. These results prompted the development of a multicenter trial to examine the benefit of extracorporeal photochemotherapy in the treatment of systemic sclerosis. Seventy-nine patients with systemic sclerosis of recent onset (mean symptom duration, 1.83 years) and progressive skin involvement during the preceding 6 months entered a randomized, parallel-group, single-blinded clinical trial comparing extracorporeal photochemotherapy treatments given on 2 consecutive days monthly with treatment with D-penicillamine at a maximum dose of 750 mg/d. Blinded clinical examiners evaluated skin severity score (thickness), percent surface area involvement, oral aperture, and hand closure. Serial skin biopsies and pulmonary function studies were also performed. RESULTS Following 6 months of treatment, significant improvement in skin severity score occurred in 21 (68%) of 31 patients receiving photochemotherapy and in eight (32%) of 25 receiving D-penicillamine treatment, while significant worsening occurred in three (10%) of 31 receiving photochemotherapy and in eight (32%) of 25 receiving penicillamine treatment, thus indicating a significantly higher response rate for individuals who received photochemotherapy (P = .02). At both the 6- and 10-month evaluation points, the mean skin severity score, mean percent skin involvement, and mean oral aperture measurements were significantly improved from baseline among those who received photochemotherapy. Mean right and left hand closure measurements had also improved significantly by 10 months of therapy. By comparison, among the patients treated with D-penicillamine, none of the parameters of cutaneous disease had improved significantly after 6 months of therapy, although for those individuals in whom treatment was continued, the mean skin severity score and mean percent skin involvement had improved by 10 months. Skin biopsy studies revealed a correlation between clinical improvement and decreased thickness of the dermal layer. Adverse effects of extracorporeal photochemotherapy were minimal and did not require discontinuation of treatment in any of the patients receiving this therapy; six patients permanently discontinued the use of D-penicillamine treatment due to adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS For patients with systemic sclerosis of recent onset, extracorporeal photochemotherapy is a well-tolerated treatment that may partially reverse the process that results in cutaneous sclerosis.
A production economics model for predictive cost assessment in manufacturing

Economic assessment of manufacturing processes evaluates the effects of engineering-economics factors on the current and expected future cost performances in manufacturing. The relationships between those factors are usually specified in production economics models. In this study, a production economics model has been developed to predictively assess the cost effectiveness of liquid forging process. The model consists of the economic relations and influences of engineering parameters, production properties, and economic conditions on manufacturing cost of liquid forged parts. Five critical cost drivers are identified from the liquid forging economics model. The effects of these cost drivers are analyzed through case studies. The proposed model provides a new way to gain insights into the cost behaviors for identifying cost reduction potentials of manufacturing processes.
Possible carcinogenic potential of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate in experimental animals

Dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) has been extensively used in the treatment of liver diseases accounting for 1-6% of the global disease burden. Cell replication, DNA synthesis, and proliferation, providing significant information about behavior of cells were examined in mice exposed to subchronic administration with DDB. Conventional liver functions specifically gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), a marker expressing liver canceration was also investigated. Normal mice were allocated into two groups each of 10 mice. The 1 st and 2 nd groups were treated with DDB in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week for 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Comparable groups of normal mice were left without treatment as controls. Compared to normal control group, animals receiving DDB for 3 months showed marked elevations of both alanine aminotransferase and γ-GT, significant inhibition in cytochrome P450, a significant increase in the mean ploidy and 4C with moderate to marked increase in S-phase populations and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells. In conclusion, this is the first report on the potential relationship between the subchronic administration of DDB and the increase in the hepatocyte proliferation, cell replication and DNA synthesis that may raise an alarm regarding possible DDB insult on the biological behavior of cells.
EFFECTS OF DEFEROXAMINE‐ACTIVATED HYPOXIA‐INDUCIBLE FACTOR‐1 ON THE BRAINSTEM AFTER SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE IN RATS

OBJECTIVEHypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of various neuroprotective genes. The goal of this study was to clarify the relationship between HIF-1 expression and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to characterize the effects of deferoxamine (DFO)-induced increases in HIF-1 protein levels on the brainstem and the basilar artery (BA) after experimental SAH. METHODSRat single- and double-hemorrhage models (injected on Days 0 and 2) of SAH were used. We assessed the time courses for HIF-1 protein levels in the brainstems and the BA diameters within 10 minutes and 6 hours on Days 1 and 2 in the single-SAH model, and also on Day 7 in the double-SAH model. After induction of double hemorrhage in rats, DFO was injected intraperitoneally. We then evaluated HIF-1 protein expression and brainstem activity, BA diameter, and brainstem blood flow. RESULTSAfter the rats experienced SAH, HIF-1 protein expression was significantly greater at 10 minutes in the single-injection model and at 7 days in the double-injection model than at similar time points in the control group, and these increases correlated with degrees of cerebral vasospasm. DFO injection resulted in significant increases in HIF-1 protein expression and activity in the brainstems of rats with SAH, compared with the rats with SAH that were given placebos, and the rats without SAH in the double-hemorrhage model. Cerebral vasospasm and reduction of brainstem blood flow were significantly attenuated in the rats that were administered DFO. CONCLUSIONThese results show that a DFO-induced increase in HIF-1 protein level and activity exerts significant attenuation of BA vasospasm and reduction of brainstem blood flow in the rat model of SAH. DFO may be a promising agent for treating clinical SAH.
ND3 and ND4L Subunits of Mitochondrial Complex I, Both Nucleus Encoded in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Are Required for Activity and Assembly of the Enzyme

ABSTRACT Made of more than 40 subunits, the rotenone-sensitive NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is the most intricate membrane-bound enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In vascular plants, fungi, and animals, at least seven complex I subunits (ND1, -2, -3, -4, -4L, -5, and -6; ND is NADH dehydrogenase) are coded by mitochondrial genes. The role of these highly hydrophobic subunits in the enzyme activity and assembly is still poorly understood. In the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the ND3 and ND4L subunits are encoded in the nuclear genome, and we show here that the corresponding genes, called NUO3 and NUO11, respectively, display features that facilitate their expression and allow the proper import of the corresponding proteins into mitochondria. In particular, both polypeptides show lower hydrophobicity compared to their mitochondrion-encoded counterparts. The expression of the NUO3 and NUO11 genes has been suppressed by RNA interference. We demonstrate that the absence of ND3 or ND4L polypeptides prevents the assembly of the 950-kDa whole complex I and suppresses the enzyme activity. The putative role of hydrophobic ND subunits is discussed in relation to the structure of the complex I enzyme. A model for the assembly pathway of the Chlamydomonas enzyme is proposed.