Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative determination of chemical and biochemical parameters during « soumbala » manufacturing process in two communities of Burkina Faso

« Soumbala » is traditionally used in Burkina Faso as a food condiment in different communities. This study was conducted to evaluate « soumbala » manufacturing process on its nutritional value in two communities. During this descriptive and analytical study, samples were taken in the « Gouin » and « Moose » communities. The results show that, the humidity rate was higher in « soumbala » and waste in the « Gouin » processus, whereas in the « Moose » one, the highest humidity rate was observed after the cooking step and in peeled boiled seeds. The ash level was higher in raw seeds and after cooking step in the « Gouin » community whereas in the « Moose » community, it was higher in raw seeds and waste. The pH determination showed a progressive increase in pH values during the « soumbala » manufacturing process in the two communities. Mineral elements assays showed a slight variation in grades along the « soumbala » manufacturing process. For biochemical analysis, lipids content increased during the « soumbala » production; protein levels increased a little at the early stages of « soumbala » manufacturing process in both communities and carbohydrates contents were higher in waste in the « Moose » community, whereas in the « Gouin » community, the highest contents were found in the raw seeds. The aflatoxins determination in « soumbala » showed levels below the detection limit of the used method. These results showed that it was imperative that approved standard protocols be adopted to maintain the nutritional quality of « soumbala » wherever it is produced. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Efficient adsorption of thiophene from model fuel by pyrolysed rice husks: factors of influence

ABSTRACT Rice husks pyrolysed at different temperatures in the range of 250–700°C were investigated as adsorbents for thiophene removal from a model fuel. The adsorption ability of the samples was evaluated under both static and dynamic conditions. It was found that pyrolysed rice husks without any pretreatment are a promising adsorbent for the removal of sulphur-containing molecules from the model fuel. Removal of 92% of the sulphur from the fuel was achieved. The adsorption capacity of the pyrolysed rice husks correlates with their textural and chemical characteristics which strongly depend on the pyrolysis temperature. The adsorption of thiophene is influenced by the initial sulphur concentration level, the fractional composition of the adsorbent, the temperature and the adsorbent/fuel volume ratio. The adsorption capacity of the pyrolysed rice husks is higher under static than under dynamic conditions.
What shapes the range edge of a dominant African savanna tree, Colophospermum mopane? A demographic approach

Abstract Climate is widely assumed to be the primary process that limits the distribution ranges of plants. Yet, savannas have vegetation not at equilibrium with climate, instead its structure and function are shaped by interactions between fire, herbivory, climate, and vegetation. I use the rich literature of a dominant African savanna woody plant, Colophospermum mopane, to demonstrate that climate and disturbance interact with each demographic stage to shape this species range limits. This synthesis highlights that climate‐based predictions for the range of C. mopane inadequately represents the processes that shape its distribution. Instead, seed bank depletion and rainfall limitation create a demographic bottleneck at the early seedling stage. The legacy of top‐kill from disturbance changes tree stand architecture causing a critical limitation in seed supply. Exposure to top‐kill at all demographic stages causes a vigorous resprouting response and shifts tree architecture from that of 1–2 stemmed tall trees to that of a short multi‐stemmed shrub. The shorter, multi‐stemmed shrubs are below the height threshold (4 m) at which they can produce seeds, resulting in shrub‐dominated landscapes that are effectively sterile. This effect is likely most pronounced at the range edge where top‐kill‐inducing disturbances increase in frequency. The proposed mechanistic, demographic‐based understanding of C. mopane's range limits highlights the complexity of processes that interact to shape its range edges. This insight serves as a conceptual model for understanding the determinants of range limits of other dominant woody savannas species living in disturbance limited ecosystems.
Career disruptions of married women in India: an exploratory investigation

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article was to investigate how educated Indian women experience career disruptions after marriage. Women make up nearly half of India’s population and hold more advanced degrees compared to men. However, women make up less than 20% of India’s workforce and married women are especially underrepresented in the workforce. This article explored the paradoxical relationship between educated Indian women and their low workforce participation. In this qualitative inquiry, we focused on factors that defined their career continuity or disruption, through an interpretive qualitative inquiry. Our findings indicate that married Indian women have low autonomy over their career-related decisions, and they largely depend on support from their husbands and his family to continue their careers. In addition, due to social conditioning, women internalize their gender roles and identity as mothers and wives and choose to give up their careers. We present the implications of our findings for theory, research, and practice in human resource development.
Histological and Histomorphometric Effectiveness of the Barrier Membranes for Jawbone Regeneration: An Overview of More Than 30 Years’ Experience of Research Results of the Italian Implant Retrieval Center (1988–2020)

With the advent of implant dentistry, height and width of the bone site are fundamental to perform implant placements. There are several techniques to restore the amount of bone loss and one of them is guided bone regeneration, which is based on the employment of a membrane in order to bypass non-osteogenic cell invasion in the bone healing area, dispersing every interference with bone regeneration. Two expert reviewers performed a retrospective evaluation of all scientific papers published by the Implant Retrieval Center Laboratory of University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara in the last three decades, and they implemented it by also similar conducting research on the main scientific databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE. The search was conducted up to December 2020, and a total of 843 articles published by the Implant Retrieval Center Laboratory of University “G.D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara were identified and evaluated. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 27 manuscripts were included for the qualitative synthesis: 8 animal studies, 17 human studies, and 2 in vitro articles. The present overview shows the importance of translational research for barrier membranes for bone regeneration, and additionally, the need for experts in different fields and research centers to produce high quality data in future research.
Transitions in random graphs of fixed degrees with many short cycles

We analyze maximum entropy random graph ensembles with constrained degrees, drawn from arbitrary degree distributions, and a tuneable number of three-cycles (triangles). We find that such ensembles generally exhibit two transitions, a clustering and a shattering transition, separating three distinct regimes. At the clustering transition, the graphs change from typically having only isolated cycles to forming cycle clusters. At the shattering transition the graphs break up into many small cliques to achieve the desired three-cycle density. The locations of both transitions depend nontrivially on the system size. We derive a general formula for the three-cycle density in the regime of isolated cycles, for graphs with degree distributions that have finite first and second moments. For bounded degree distributions we present further analytical results on cycle densities and phase transition locations, which, while non-rigorous, are all validated via MCMC sampling simulations. We show that the shattering transition is of an entropic nature, occurring for all three-cycle density values, provided the system is large enough.
Curcumin Protects HepG2 Cells from the Cytotoxic Effect of Drugs with Anti-fibrotic Activity

Background: The α and β adrenoblockers have been tested as an alternative treatment for chronic liver lesions such as fibrosis and cirrhosis in animal models, as well as their possible participation during the regeneration of the damage caused by liver cirrhosis in a hamster model. However, it was observed that doxazosin caused slight morphological changes in hepatocytes, while that curcumin showed protection to the hepatic parenchyma. Regardless, the pharmacokinetic effects of these 𝛼/𝛽 adrenoblockers on the hepatocytes' cell viability, possibly involved in the hepatic parenchyma's repopulation during cirrhosis reversal, are unknown. The present study aimed to elucidate the protective effect of curcumin on the possible side effects of doxazosin, tamsulosin, and carvedilol on the HepG2 cell line, drugs already tested with antifibrotic activity.Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to 0.1, 0.5, 10, and 25 µM of doxazosin, carvedilol, and tamsulosin for 24, 48, and 72 h, for curcumin, cells were pretreated with 1 µM for 1 h before exposure to α and β adrenoblockers. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The morphological changes were determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and acridine orange (AO) staining. Results: We observed that the doxazosin decreases cell viability dependently time and dose; carvedilol and tamsulosin increase cell proliferation. However, curcumin induces regulation of these effects in HepG2 cell line, increasing or maintaining viability compared to control. The pretreatment with curcumin regulated AST levels (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) in cells exposed to α and β adrenoblockers. The SEM and H&E staining provided evidence that doxazosin, carvedilol, and tamsulosin induced morphological changes in HepG2 cell line, depending on time and dose, approximately 80% of the cells treated with drugs were balonized, and curcumin protected these effects, maintaining the morphology in 90% of the treated cells.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that curcumin protected the HepG2 cells against cytotoxicity and morphological changes induced by the α and β adrenoblockers attenuating secondary effects for possible oxidative stress. In this way, it is concluded that these treatments with antifibrotic effect, in co-treatment with curcumin, will not affect the possible repopulation process of the liver parenchyma during the reversion of fibrosis.
Model predictive control of a modified five‐level inverter with decreased device counts

In this paper, a modified single‐phase five‐level inverter is proposed with a single DC source and six switches. Comparing with the presented converters, the proposed topology has the advantage of reduced device count and the fundamental switching frequency for high blocking voltage switches. The proposed converter implements without clamping diodes and transformers, which reducing the volume, moreover mass of the inverter. In order to achieve the optimum output voltage, the model predictive controller is proposed as a rapid dynamic and semi‐low‐computation digital control system. This closed‐loop system is implemented in TMS320f28335 digital signal processor to assess the performance of the proposed converter under nonlinear and linear loads. Analytical investigation, including simulation and an experimental result, shows compliance with IEC 62040‐3 for inverters in standalone applications.
The study of rapeseeds ash composition in the conditions of the agroecological experiment

A comparative analysis of the seeds ash composition of the breed Rif (Brassica napus L.) rapeseeds grown in the Lipetskaya region was held. The plants were grown in the conditions of the agroecological experiment using mineral (NPK and zeolite) and organic (hen droppings) fertilizers. 6 variants of the experiment were studied – the plants are grown without fertilizers application (the control); the mineral fertilizer (N60:P60:K60) separately and together with zeolite (5 t.ha-1); the zeolite in pure form (5 t.ha-1); hen droppings (5 t.ha-1) separately and together with zeolite (5 t.ha-1). We studied the accumulation of 9 basic elements (in mass %) contained in Brassica napus. seeds ash using the method of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The accumulation order of the elements was determined: P ≈ K > Mg ≥ Ca > Mo > S > Zn > Mn > Fe. The proportion of P fluctuated from 10.852 to 11.855 mass %; the proportion of K – from 9.933 till 12.343 mass %. The rapeseeds contained Mg, Ca, and Mo in similar concentrations within the range of 4.0 -5.8 mass %. The combined application of zeolite with organic fertilizer ensured the accumulation of the minerals in the seeds. Correlations between the elements were established. High correlation between elements K and Mo was found (r = 0.96); P and Mg (0.86); P and Fe (r = 0.94); C and Mo (r = 0.86). The positive effect of the combined organic-mineral fertilizers with poultry farms wastes usage on the mineral elements accumulation in rapeseeds was stated. It is noted that the accumulation of P, Ca, Mo, and S in rape seeds leads to a decrease in Zn.
Analysis of Determining Service Recovery Factors at Super Indo Grocery Store in Semarang

The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) How big effect of the Service Failure on Service Recovery at Super Indo Grocery Store in Semarang? (2) How big effect of the Customer Complaint on Service Recovery at Super Indo Grocery store in Semarang? The sample in this study amounted to 40 respondents or customers. This study was analyzed using multiple linear regression which included the T-Test, F Test, and the coefficient of determination. Based on the results of research and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that there is an effect of Service Failure on Service Renewal is an influence of Customer Complaint on Service Recovery.
The Middle and Late Bronze Age in Central Oman: New Insights from Tawi Said, Al‐Mudhairib and the Wilayat al‐Mudhaybi

Significant changes in the material culture, subsistence and mode of life are associated with the Middle (c. 2000– 1600 BCE) and Late Bronze Ages (c. 1600– 1300 BCE) in Eastern Arabia. Since first excavations in the 1970s, research has focused on the United Arab Emirates, where all major sites of this period known to date are situated. This birthed the idea of two different lines of development in the second millennium BC. While a more gradual change is assumed for the United Arab Emirates, Central Oman was regarded as having completely abandoned settled agricultural life, returning to a less complex social organisation. This article presents new evidence from Tawi Said, Al- Mudhairib and the Wilayat al- Mudhaybi that shows that the developments in both regions were more akin to each other than previously assumed. This encourages us to reconsider our assumptions about Central Oman’s social complexity during this pivotal period of Oman’s history.
Clinical Evaluation of Serum Complement Component 1q and Cystatin C in the Diagnosis of Early Diabetic Kidney Disease

Results Totally, 546 individuals were enrolled, including 136 patients in simple DM group (SDM group), and 109 patients in EDKD group and 301 healthy controls (HC group). Compared with SDM group and HC group, serum SUr, SCr, C1q, CysC and NGAL in EDKD group were significantly increased (P<0.01). C1q, CysC, and NGAL were significantly related to EDKD and they were risk factors for EDKD. Diagnostic performance of CysC (AUC=0.813, 0.777~0.845), C1q (AUC=0.797, 0.761~0.830) or NGAL (AUC=0.770, 0.732~0.805) was much higher than that of SCr (AUC=0.681, 0.640~0.720) or SUr (AUC=0.650, 0.608~0.690) (p < 0.05). C1q +CysC (AUC=0.896, 0.867~0.920; Se=77.98%, 74.27% 81.39%; Sp=89.4%, 86.59% 91.92%; YI=0.675) had the optimal diagnostic performance. However, combination of C1q+CysC+NGAL (AUC=0.909, 0.882~0.932; Se=88.99%, 86.06% 91.49%; Sp=80.32%, 76.73% 83.57%; YI=0.693) or C1q+CysC+NGAL+SCr (AUC=0.912, 0.885~0.934; Se=87.16%, 84.06% 89.85%; Sp=83.98%, 80.63% 86.96%; YI=0.711) did not further improve diagnosis performance for EDKD (p>0.05).
Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Panjang Penyangga Magnet pada Getaran Batang dengan Eddy Current Tuned Mass Damper

Getaran dengan amplitudo berlebih bersifat destruktif dan perlu direduksi. Pada penelitian ini, batang kantilever utama dieksitasi sehingga bergetar . Salah satu teknik peredam getaran yang diaplikasikan adalah dengan menggunakan Eddy Current Tuned Mass Damper (ECTMD) . Batang kantilever tambahan diberikan untuk menyangga magnet dengan variasi panjang 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm . Arus Eddy ditimbulkan dengan menambah pelat tembaga di batang kantilever utama. Respon peralihan maksimal dan amplitudo respon tunak diperoleh. Batang kantilever penyangga magnet ini semakin panjang menyebabkan respon peralihan maksimal semakin kecil dan amplitudo respon tunak semakin kecil . Akibatnya, penurunan respon dibandingkan tanpa ECTMD juga semakin naik dan transmissibilitas semakin turun.
Scanning Electron Microscopy Observation on Antennal Sensilla of Opogona sacchari

Six types of sensilla on the antenna of Opogona sacchari were found by scanning electron microscopy. They are trichoid sensillum, sensillun basiconicum, sensillum chaeticum, terminal hair, sensillum coeloconicum, sensilla squamiformia. Location of sensilla squamiformia was different to other insects, there may be one sensilla squamiformia in each sensilla group at top view, but in fact there are 4 to 6 sensilla squamiformia in each group at lateral view.
The Principle and Architectures of Optical Stress Sensors and the Progress on the Development of Microbend Optical Sensors

Optical stress sensors have been considered to be amongst the most important categories in the development of stress sensors. Recently, the advancement of microbend optical sensors has been playing a pivotal role in the stress sensor development. In this review, the principles and the architectures of the optical stress sensors are reviewed, and the physical mechanisms of the bend‐loss‐based optical stress sensors are presented. The latest development and applications of microbend optical sensors in key areas are discussed. The authors aim to provide some guidance in the optical sensors fields to researchers engaging in this area and promote the development of the optical sensors for use in next generation technologies.
Investigation on influence of SiCp on three-body abrasive wear behaviour of glass/epoxy composites

The present study present the influence of SiCp incorporation on three-body abrasive wear behavior of glass/epoxy composites. The investigations was carried out using dry sand rubber wheel abrasive wear test apparatus. 2k factorial design of experiment was used to capture the experimental data. The parameters considered are abrading distance, load and speed. The wear volume loss found to increase with the increasing values of wear parameters. The applied load has exhibited significant effect on volume loss. Incorporation of SiCp contributed to enhance wear resistance of glass/epoxy composites. The linear regression was also presented in the study to correlate abrasion parameters with wear volume loss. SEM image analysis of abraded surface revealed the occurrence of ploughing, micro-cutting, matrix removal and fiber breakage.
Intimate Partner Violence and Pregnancy Termination in Armenia: Evidence from Nationally-Representative Survey Data

Intimate partner violence has been associated with numerous consequences for women, including pregnancy termination. This study examined the association between predictive capacity of intimate partner violence and pregnancy termination among women in Armenia. The study analyzed the 2015–16 Armenia Demographic and Health Survey (ADHS) data on women aged 15–49 (Mean: 31.49; Standard Deviation, SD: 9.51). Marital control exercised by husbands, ever experienced physical violence, sexual violence, and emotional violence by husbands were the four indicators of intimate partner violence used in this study. To assess the association between intimate partner violence and pregnancy termination, a binary logistic regression model was fitted. After controlling for confounders, we found that women whose husbands exercised marital control were 26% more likely to experience pregnancy termination, compared to women whose husbands did not exercise marital control (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.26, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.53). Women who ever experienced sexual violence were about 10 times likely to experience pregnancy termination than women who did not experience sexual violence (aOR: 9.76, 95% CI: 1.91–49.96). Both ever experienced physical violence and emotional violence did not have any significant associations with pregnancy termination. Forms of intimate partner violence are associated with pregnancy termination. The findings of this study provide evidence for government and policymakers to formulate, modify, and implement policies and program that target both men and women regarding the prevailing intimate partner violence and its consequences. Strengthening the policy implementation will ensure that women are empowered to make decisions about their reproductive health. Making husbands and their family members aware of the basics and consequences of intimate partner violence and focusing on child cognitive development which can be hampered due to the prevalence violence in families are recommended.
A highly defective mesoporous carbon – ionic liquid paste electrode toward the sensitive electrochemical determination of rutin

In this paper, a highly defective mesoporous carbon (DMC) and room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM·PF6) were applied to fabricate a novel carbon paste electrode for the electrochemical sensing of rutin. The electrochemical properties of rutin on the modified electrode (IL/DMC/PE) were carefully investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronocoulometry. Electrochemical parameters of rutin on the surface of the modified electrode were determined with the electron transfer coefficient (α) as 0.53, the electron transfer number (n) as 2, the heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) as 37.1 s−1, the diffusion coefficient as 1.34 × 10−4 cm2 s−1 and saturated absorption capacity as 10.9 nmol cm−2. Under the optimal conditions, rutin could be detected in the concentration range from 0.008 μmol L−1 to 4.0 μmol L−1 with the detection limit as 1.17 nmol L−1 (S/N = 3) by square-wave voltammetry. The proposed sensor was further applied successfully for the determination of rutin content in some real samples, including Ruta graveolens extract, pharmaceutical tablets and orange juice.
The role of molecular genetics in animal breeding: A minireview  

Current animal breeding approaches are strongly associated with the development of sophisticated molecular genetics methods and techniques. Worldwide expansion of genomic selection can be achieved by the identification of genetic DNA markers and implementation of the microarray (“chip”) technology. Further advancement was associated with next-generation sequencing methods, high-throughput genotyping platforms, targeted genome editing techniques, and studies of epigenetic mechanisms. The remarkable development of “omics” technologies, such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, has enabled individual genomic prediction of animal performance, identification of disease-causing genes and biomarkers for the prevention and treatment and overall qualitative progress in animal production.