Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Allelopathic potential of Jatropha curcas L. leaf aqueous extracts on seedling growth of wheat.

Allelopathic effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Jatropha curcas on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat cv. Inqlab-91 were investigated. The extracts were applied at 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% as seed soaking for 5h prior to sowing of seeds in the pots. The J. curcas leaf characterized for composition of macronutrients showed Na (304 μg/g), K (267 μg/g), Mg (92 μg/g) and Ca (12 μg/g). Among micronutrients Fe (92 μg/g), Cr (92 μg/g), Ni (48 μg/g), Co (38 μg/g), Cu (23 μg/g, Mn (12 μg/g) and Zn (15.22 μg/g) were found. Phenolic compounds were detected in the extracts and were found maximum (8.12 mg gallic acid/g extract) in 50% extract. Lower concentrations (6.25%, 3.25%) of the extracts significantly improved seed germination (%), germination index, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight and root area of wheat plants (p<0.05). At higher concentration of the extract, root length was significantly reduced. It is inferred that lower concentrations (6.25% and 3.12%) of the extracts exhibited beneficial effects on growth of wheat plants.
Metabolic and Process Engineering of Clostridia for Biofuel Production

ii Dedication . iv Acknowledgments. v Vita . vi Publications . vi Fields of Study . vi List of Tables . xii List of Figures . xiv Chapter 1 : Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Outline of tasks. 3 Reference . 6 Chapter 2 : Literature review . 7 2.1 Biofuels and biobutanol . 7 2.2 C3-C4 alcohol production via fermentation . 9
PENGENDALIAN HAMA ULAT MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN DAUN PEPAYA DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)

This research was conducted from March to May 2016 at Bina Putra Garden, Guntung Payung, Landasan UlinDistrict, Banjarbaru. The Purpose of study to determine the effect of papaya leaf solution and the better concentration to against leaf-eating caterpillars pests and to promoted mustard production. The experimental design used a randomized block design one way with four of solution of papaya leaf percentage treatments (0, 40, 70 and 100). All treatments were made in the formulation 100 ml of solution. Study results showed that papaya leaf solution concentration of 100% is capable to control leaf- eating caterpillar pets and production of mustard.
Molecular taxonomic reassessment of the Cloud Forest’s Bolitoglossa salamanders (Caudata: Plethodontidae) from Cordillera de Mérida (Mérida state, Venezuela)

Salamanders found at different localities nearby Merida city, Venezuela, are thus far reported as Bolitoglossa orestes or B. spongai. However, morphological ambiguities among individuals from several populations of both putative species, besidestheir reported disparate geographical distributions, prompted us to clarify the specific identity of these bolitoglossines throughthe sequence analysis of their corresponding 16S rRNA genes. Seventeen specimens belonging to the vertebrates collection ofUniversidad de Los Andes (CVULA), collected at separated cloud forests in Sierra La Culata (San Eusebio, Macho Capaz andSan Javier del Valle) and Sierra Nevada de Merida (La Mucuy), were used to extract DNA upon tissue digestion. Sequenceanalysis of the 16S rRNA gene supports a biogeographical scenario where, so far, there is only one salamander species for eachsierra: B. orestes, which is widely distributed in Sierra La Culata, and a so far undescribed species of a Venezuelan bolitogloss-ine apparently restricted to Sierra Nevada de Merida. Based on our molecular results and an examination of morphological evidence, B. spongai should be considered a synonym of B. orestes.
Anticancer effects of Arabian medicinal plants (part 1) - A review

Many Arabian medicinal plants possessed anticancer activitys by many mechanisms as tested by different anticancer tests. These plants included: Adonis aestivalis, Ailanthus altissima, Alhagi maurorum, Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Allium schoenoprasum, Althaea officinalis, Althaea rosea, Ammannia baccifera, Anagyris foetida, Anchusa italica, Antirrhinum majus, Apium graveolens, Arctium Lappa, Aristolochia maurorum, Artemisia campestris, Arundo donax, Asclepias curassavica, Asparagus officinalis, Astragalus hamosus, Bauhinia variegata, Bellis perennis, Betula alba, Bidens tripartita, Brassica rapa, Bryonia dioica, Bryophyllum calycinum, Caccinia crassifolia, Caesalpinia crista, Calendula officinalis, Calotropis procera, Canna indica, Capparis spinosa, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum , Capsicum frutescens, Carthamus tinctorius, Casuarina equisetifolia, Celosia cristata, Chenopodium album, Chrozophora tinctoria, Cicer arietinum, Cichorium intybus, Citrullus colocynthis, Citrus species, Clerodendron inerme, Clitoria ternatea, Convolvulus arvensis, Convolvulus scammonia, Corchorus aestuans, Corchorus capsularis, Coriandrum sativum, Coronilla scorpioides, Coronilla varia, Cotoneaster racemiflora, Crocus sativus, Cuminum cyminum, Cupressus sempervirens, Cuscuta planiflora, Cydonia oblonga, Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotuntdus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Datura metel , Daucus carota, Delphinium brunonianum, Desmostachya bipinnata, Dianthus caryophyllus, Digitalis lanata , Digitalis purpurea, Dodonaea viscosa, Lablab purpureus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Equisetum arvense, Erigeron canadensis, Erodium cicutarium, Eryngium creticum, Eucalyptus species, Eupatorium cannabinum, Euphorbia hirta, Euphorbia macroclada, Fagopyrum esculentum, Ficus carica , Ficus cunia and Ficus religiosa. The current paper will discuss the anticancer effects of some medicinal plants as a first part of this review.
MdMYB4, an R2R3-Type MYB Transcription Factor, Plays a Crucial Role in Cold and Salt Stress in Apple Calli

A BSTRACT MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homologs) transcription factors (TFs) are involved in diverse physiological processes, including cell shape determination, cell differentiation, and secondary metabolism, as well as abiotic stress response. In the present study, MdMYB4, an R2R3-MYB protein that is a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB4, was identiﬁed and characterized. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) expression analysis demonstrated that MdMYB4 is extensively expressed in various apple ( Malus domestica ) tissues and that its expression is induced by cold, osmotic, and salt stress. An MdMYB4-GFP fusion protein was localized in the nucleus of transformed onion ( Allium cepa ) epidermal cells and had a certain transcriptional activation activity by yeast one-hybrid assay. Overexpression of the MdMYB4 gene remarkably enhanced the tolerance of stably transgenic apple calli to severe salt and cold stress, and both the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation of transgenic calli under salt and cold stress were signiﬁcantly lower than in the wild type control. Taken together, these results suggest that MdMYB4 may play a positive regulatory role in both cold and salt stress responses.
SCFA Profile of Rice RS Fermentation by Colonic Microbiota, Clostridium butyricum BCC B2571, and Eubacterium rectale DSM 17629

Resistant starch type 3 (RS3) produced from high amylose food sources through retrogradation or enzymatic process is known to have physiological function as dietary fiber. Fermentation of RS3 by colonic microorganisms produced SCFA (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), maintained the health of colon, balance of gut microbiota, preventing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colon cancer. RS3 in this study was produced from IR-42 and Inpari-16 broken rice by enzymatic treatment (combination of amylase-pullulanase). The Resistant Starch was fermented for 12 and 24 h by colonic microbiota (extracted from healthy human subject), Clostiridium butyricum BCC-B2571, or Eubacterium rectale DSM 17629. SCFA produced was analyzed by gas chromatography. Treatment by amylase-pullulanase combination was advantageous to increase their RS3 content. The result showed that after enzymatic process, the RS3 content of IR-42 (41.13%) was not significantly different (p 0.05) from that of Inpari-16 (37.70%). High concentration of acetate (82.5 mM) and propionate (7.5 mM) were produced by colonic microbiota after 12 h fermentation and best concentration of butyrate (6.8 mM) was produced by colonic microbiota after 24 h fermentation. It is clear that utilization of colonic microbiota rather than single strain was better in the production of SCFA.
Root interactions and plant growth in a tomato/potato onion intercropping system under different phosphorus levels

Intercropping systems have been implemented in many parts of the world due to their beneficial effects on yield and biomass. In intercropping systems, changes in plant growth are usually related to variations in root distribution and phosphorus (P) levels, however, root distributions and root tendencies are difficult to study, as root systems grow beneath the soil surface. Therefore, we have a relatively poor understanding of the relationship between plant root interactions and plant growth in intercropping systems. In this study, a custom apparatus consisting of a transparent manual root box was used to observe intact root systems in situ. We investigated how root distribution and root tendency changed in a tomato/potato onion intercropping system under two P treatments, and how tomato plant growth was influenced. The results showed that the shoot and total biomass for the tomato plants were increased by intercropping with potato onion plants under both tested P levels, the root distribution of intercropped tomato plants was deeper than that of monocultured plants, and the tomato roots tended to grow away from the potato onion roots. Our research reveals that a deeper and more evasive root distribution is more conductive to the plant growth of the intercropped tomato. SUMMARY STATEMENT Our study can help more people clearly know the relationship between the root interactions and plant growth in mixed cultures.
Identifying the Role of His293 in Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 and Characterization of Agonists for Peroxisomal Proliferator Activating Receptors

ii Acknowledgements.iii List of Tables.viii List of Figures.x List of Abbreviations.xi 1.1 Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR) . 1 1.1.1 Nuclear Receptors . 1 1.1.2 PPAR Mode of Action . 2 1.1. 3 PPAR Subtypes: distribution and function . 3 1.1. 4 PPAR Binding/Structure . 6 1.1. 5 PPAR LBD. 7 1.1. 6 Partial, Full Agonists, Antagonist and Selective Modulators . 8 1.1. 7 Coactivators and Corepressors . 9 1.1. 8 PPARγ Coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1-α) . 11 1.2 Protein Arginine Methyltransferases 1 (PRMT1) . 12 1.2. 1 Post-translational Modifications . 12 1.2. 2 Arginine Methylation . 13
06. New data on the rare Varanus bogerti Mertens, 1950 and V. telenesetes Sprackland, 1991 (Squamata: Varanidae), two endemic monitor lizard taxa from island groups off southeastern New Guinea

Some monitor lizards are among the least studied of all vertebrate species, being known only from a handful of old voucher specimens in museum collections. This includes tree monitors related to Varanus prasinus (Schlegel, 1839), namely V. telenesetes and the melanistic V. bogerti, which inhabit the Trobriand, D’Entrecasteaux and Louisiade islands off southeastern New Guinea. We provide new data about morphological variation and natural history for V. bogerti supplemented by a detailed description of the colour pattern in hatchlings. The exact distribution range of V. bogerti is still insufficiently known, and a historical record from the Trobriand Islands needs verification. We also discuss the taxonomic status, distribution and origin of the holotype of V. telenesetes, the only known specimen of this taxon, in relation to V. bogerti and V. prasinus. The examination of specimens of V. prasinus from southeastern New Guinea allows a discussion about the putative sympatric occurrence of, and past gene flow between multiple tree monitor species on the D’Entrecasteaux islands in light of climate-induced sea level changes during the Pleistocene. Only further field work and future investigations will yield sufficient answers to the open questions surrounding these rare New Guinean tree monitors.
The HLA DPB1*02:01:02 and DQB1*05:02:01 alleles as possible risk factors for colorectal carcinoma in the Malaysian population

Many studies have shown that the immune response highly depends on the inheritance of specific HLA genes in promoting the generation of T cells for the elimination of pathogens. Loss or alteration of HLA antigen expression in tumor cells has been observed in a variety of human malignancies leading to immune escape or immune resistance. We investigated whether the inheritance of certain alleles of HLA class II genes confers susceptibility or resistance towards the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Molecular typing of HLA DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 alleles in 42 patients diagnosed with CRC and 50 ethnically matched healthy controls using the PCR-sequence based typing (PCR-SBT) was conducted. The HLA DPB1*02:01:02 was significantly higher in CRC patients (38.1%, p=0.0189) compared to healthy controls (16%). Also, HLA DQB1*05:02:01 was present in 28.6% of CRC patients but only 10% of healthy controls (p=0.0278). The odds ratios for HLA DPB1*02:01:02 and HLA DQB1*05:02:01were 3.23 and 3.60, respectively. There were no significant association observed for the DRB1 allele with CRC. Our study suggests that the HLA DPB1*02:01:02 and HLA DQB1*05:02:01 alleles may confer a higher risk for CRC.
Sauvegarde des populations de sonneurs à ventre jaune (Bombina variegata) du Valais: analyse génétique comparative de différentes populations

Schutz der Populationen der Gelbbauchunke ( Bombina variegata ) im Wallis : genetische Untersuchung verchiedener Populationen. Im Wallis sind die Gelbbauchunken - Populationen rucklauFig. Es sind kaum zehn, die sich in der Rhoneebene noch halten konnen. Ausserdem sind die Standorte meist isoliert und drohen zu verschwinden. Diese Studie ist eine Zusammenarbeit zwischen Drosera, den Universitaten Basel und Bern und der Karch. Sie hat zum Ziel, die genetische Vielfalt innerhalb der Walliser - Populationen zu untersuchen und sie dann mit den Ergebnissen aus dem angrenzenden Kanton Waadt zu vergleichen, wo die Populationen besser vernetzt sind. Aufgrund der Resultate soll die in den letzten Jahren erarbeitete Schutzstrategie des Kantons Wallis verbessert werden. Die untersuchten Populationen weisen insgesamt eine geringe bis sehr geringe genetische Vielfalt auf, welche mit der Distanz zum Genfersee der Rhone entlang abnimmt. Auch im Vergleich zum Kanton Waadt ist die genetische Diversitat in den Walliser Populationen relativ tief. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Situation der Gelbbauchunke alles andere als stabil ist und dass weitere Schutzmassnahmen fur den Erhalt der Art notwendig sind.
POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL OF GEL KAWANG FRUITS (Litocarpus celebicus, (Miq) Rehder) ETHANOL EXTRACT ORIGIN FROM PAPUA INDONESIA

Objective: Kawang fruit ( Lithocarpus celebicus (Miq.) Rehder) is native plant of Digul-Bouven, Papua, Indonesia have flavonoids which has antibacterial activity. Antiseptic is a substance used to inhibit the growth or destroy microorganisms that live on the surface of the body. Their resistance to antiseptics on the market, it needed a new antiseptic-based natural ingredients that are relatively safer. The purpose of this study to make an antiseptic gel with extract ethanol of kawang fruit and determine its effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29 213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Methods: extraction, phytochemical screening, testing activities with the agar diffusion method, determination Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), antiseptic gel formulation, and test preparation gel. The test results showed the kawang fruit has activity against bacteria with value MIC and MBC on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 is 5% (b/b) and 10% (b/b), and on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 is 10% and 20%. The extraction is formulated in the form of a gel with a concentration of 5%, 10%, and 20%. Formulations made using 2% HPMC. Results: The test results show the effectiveness of antiseptic gel extracts have inhibitory better on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 than Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Conclusion: Antiseptic gel preparation of kawang fruit ethanol extract at a concentration of 5% have shown their antibacterial effectivity. Its inhibition to Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 was better than Escherichia coli ATCC 25 922.
Phylogeography of the dry vegetation endemic species Nephila sexpunctata (Araneae: Araneidae) suggests recent expansion of the Neotropical Dry Diagonal

The Neotropical Dry Diagonal (DD) is a corridor of distinct dry environments in central South America. The main hypotheses suggest that these environments may have expanded during the glacial cycles together with a retraction of rainforests, and then shrank when the climate became wetter and warmer. However, few studies have explicitly tested the hypotheses on DD evolution. We conducted a phylogeographical study on Nephila sexpunctata, a spider endemic to Neotropical dry habitats, to enrich the understanding of DD evolutionary history.
Use of acetylsalicylic acid as a feed additive in poultry nutrition

Salicylate plays an important role as a non-steroid, anti-inflammatory drug. In poultry, those used most commonly are sodium salicylate (SS) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), due to their immunomodulatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Other effects have been reported such as minimising the effects of heat stress, allostatic load, ascites, leg disorders, reducing respiratory and digestive disorders, as well as enhancing growth performance, feed utilisation, nutrient digestion and absorption, egg production and the quality of meat and eggs. Furthermore, ASA plays a key role in lowering cholesterol and triglycerides in blood, meat and eggs, and improvements in immune functions and antioxidant enzymes have been noted in birds. This paper reviews the different characteristics and beneficial applications of ASA in poultry nutrition for improving immunity, production, and safeguarding health, especially under heat stress conditions.
Assessing the mechanical stability of trees in artificial plantations of Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold using the LWN tool under different site indexes

In young black pine plantations, the most valuable and interesting thinning scheme is mainly based on the positive selection of dominant and well-shaped trees to be candidates for carbon sequestration, timber production and natural regeneration. The mechanical stability of candidate trees is here a fundamental skill that must be taken into account and the slenderness ratio (HD) is one of the main indicators. HD has been recently proved to be correlated to the living whorl number (LWN) by Cantiani & Chiavetta (2015). In this study, the statistical model was re-calibrated in order to study the influence of soil fertility on the HD - Living whorls number (LWN) relationship. The fertility-balanced models estimated a different LWN threshold. The model for the highest fertility class (Site index 24) estimated 12 LWN (RMSE of 20%). Similarly, a lower value were detected for the other two fertility classes, SI20 and SI16, where 10 LWN were considered enough with an associated RMSE of 16% and 17% respectively. Compared to the general model provided by Cantiani & Chiavetta (11 LWN with 18% of RMSE) the site index approach improved the accuracy and reliability.
Combating Hunger and Achieving Food Security

The book under review contains 30 articles written by M. S. Swaminathan, the great Indian scientist, development thinker and one of the architects of green revolution. The volume is a collection of papers written and transcripts of speeches made by him between 2012 and 2014. It highlights the issues to be addressed in combating hunger and food security.
Cobalt enrichment in anaerobic microbial cocultures revealed by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging

This study examined iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc content of a model sulfate-reducing bacterium and methanogenic archaeon in mono- vs. coculture. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy were used to compare elemental content of bulk vs. single cells. Cocultures contained more cellular cobalt than monocultures as well as distinct nanoparticulate zinc- and cobalt/copper-sulfides. This study provides the first evidence that microbes have different metal quotas in mono- vs. coculture, and that cocultures grown in micromolar metal concentrations precipitate different metal sulfide minerals than previous studies of sulfate-reducing bacteria grown at millimolar metal concentrations.
Intracellular Detection of Viral Replication of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Using a Molecular Beacon Fluorescent Probe

ABSTRACT OF THE THESISIntracellular Detection of Viral Replication of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 using a Molecular Beacon Fluorescent ProbebyKatie Elouise CurnynMaster of Science, Graduate Program in MicrobiologyUniversity of California, Riverside, December 2016Dr. Marylynn V. Yates, ChairpersonDengue virus (DENV) is currently the most prevalent arbovirus, causing an estimated 390 million new infections and 500,000 deaths each year in tropical and subtropical regions. The economic burden of medical care, missed work and school days, and mortality has been approximated to be $950 million per year, although recent research indicates this number is higher as a significant number of patients have begun to report prolonged fatigue following infection. The development of rapid, sensitive, and accurate methods for its detection are greatly needed to aid in the treatment and prevention of the disease, such as the development of antiviral drugs, vaccines, and vector control. This work has resulted in the development of two different molecular beacons (MB) fluorescent probes specific to conserved regions of the DENV1 genome. For both MBs, results show a significance increase in fluorescence intensity in the presence of the target viral genome. MBs have a wide range of applications and can be a powerful tool for the detection of viral replication, with high sensitivity and specificity, in a shorter amount of time than traditional methods.
Summary of Bat Research in Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, MN 2016

Morgan Swingen1, Ron Moen1,2, and Richard Baker3 December 2016 Author Information: 1Land, Water and Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 2Biology Department, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 3Division of Ecological and Water Resources, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN