Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Web Structure and Digital Knowledge Bases: Online and Offline Connections in Science

This chapter analyses the web as a complex system of interactions bridging online and offline communities in open science in order to discuss the transformation of communication and practices within scientific communities. It addresses the problem of mapping the structural linkages of research networks on the internet for purposes of identifying digital knowledge bases on electronic networks. Traditional (nonelectronic) research networks are likely to have a digital representation (web presence), whose boundaries and characteristics require a closer investigation. It is of special concern here to identify particular subsets of these digital networks whose properties are related to non-digital collaboration 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB12135 INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, New Infrastructures for Knowledge Production: Understanding E-Science edited by Christine M. Hine © 2006, Idea Group Inc. On Web Structure and Digital Knowledge Bases 207 Copyright © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. structures. Empirical evidence for electronic connectivity on the internet is discussed from a European Language and Speech Network, constituted by 141 research groups—the ELSnet network. We explore the possibility of identifying particularly intensive “Digital Knowledge Bases” on these electronic networks.
Controle de cores de uma luminária utilizando led RGB

This work proposes a solution to integrate a mobile device to a lighting fixture (luminaire), which serves as a decorative piece can customize the most diverse environments, in order to generate comfort and convenience to the user. This system was created to control the machine via a graphical interface that allows change intensity and color of illumination. To develop this solution was used resources of the Java programming language, to create the interface of the Android operating system, which made the wireless communication using Bluetooth technology with an Arduino microcontroller, which controls the lighting.
Understanding Information Practices in Biomedicine: A Domain Analytical Approach

Introduction. Describes and analyses the information environment of research work in molecular medicine. We presume an interdependence between the information environment, the research process and the related work tasks. Method. This is a qualitative case study using mixed methods. Empirical data were gathered using two surveys and six semi-structured thematic interviews. Analysis. Analysis was carried out on the merged data of the two surveys. Respondents were divided into groups and information resources were categorized. Results. The information environment consists of broad categories of data, tools, published material and interpersonal communication. The usage of portals and other integrated resources was substantial. The role of PubMed was central in searching scientific facts. Google was used to locate general Web pages, research groups, methods and tools. Interpersonal communication seemed to be effective in providing information about methods and tools among groups which do laboratory work. The problems reported concerned lack of knowledge about useful resources and how to use them properly, some query formulation problems were also reported, e.g. problems with acronyms, personal names and gene name synonymy. Conclusions. The information related tasks occupied much of the researchers' time. If information problems were solved, more time to the research would be released. The database and tool interfaces should be easier to use.
Discriminative training methods and their applications to handwriting recognition

This thesis aims to improve the performance of handwriting recognition systems by introducing the use of discriminative training methods. Discriminative training methods use data from all competing classes when training the recogniser for each class. We develop discriminative training methods for two popular classifiers: Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and a prototype-based classifier. At the expense of additional computations in the training process, discriminative training has demonstrated significant improvements in recognition accuracies from the classifiers that are not discriminatively optimised. Our studies focus on isolated character recognition problems with an emphasis on, but not limited to, off-line handwritten Thai characters. The thesis is organised as followed. First, we develop an HMM-based classifier that employs a Maximum Mutual Information (MMI) discriminative training criterion. HMMs have an increasing number of applications to character recognition in which they are usually trained by Maximum Likelihood (ML) using the Baum-Welch algorithm. However, ML training does not take into account the data of other competing categories, and thus is considered non-discriminative. By contrast, MMI provides an alternative training method with the aim of maximising the mutual information between the data and their correct categories. One of our studies highlights the efficiency of MMI training that improves the recognition results from ML training, despite being applied to a highly constrained system (tied-mixture density HMMs). Various aspects of MMI training are investigated, including its optimisation algorithms and a set of optimised parameters that yields maximum discriminabilities. Second, a system for Thai handwriting recognition based on HMMs and MMI training is introduced. In addition, novel feature extraction methods using block-based PCA and composite images are proposed and evaluated. A technique to improve generalisation of the MMI-trained systems and the use of N-best lists to efficiently compute the probabilities are described. By applying these techniques, the results from extensive experiments are compelling, showing up to 65% relative error reduction, compared to conventional ML training without the proposed features. The best results are comparable to those achieved by other high performance systems. Finally, we focus on the Prototype-Based Minimum Error Classifier (PBMEC), which uses a discriminative Minimum Classification Error (MCE) training method to generate the prototypes. MCE tries to minimise recognition errors during the training process using data from all classes. Several key findings are revealed, including the setting of smoothing parameters and a proposed clustering method that are more suitable for PBMEC than using the conventional methods. These studies reinforce the …
Real Time and Performance Management Techniques in SSD Storage Systems

Flash-based storage systems offer high density, robustness, and reliability for embedded applications; however the physical nature of flash memory means that there are limitations to its usage in high reliability applications. To increase the reliability of flash-based storage systems, several RAID mechanisms have been proposed. However, these mechanisms permit the recovery of data onto a new replacement device when a particular device in the array reaches its endurance limit and they need regular garbage collection to efficiently manage free resources. These present concerns with response time as when a garbage collector or a device replacement is underway, the flash memory cannot be used by the application layer for an uncertain period of time. This non-determinism in terms of response time is problematic in high reliability systems that require real-time guarantees. Existing solutions to garbage collection only consider single flash chip but ignore architectures where multiple flash memories are used in a storage system such as RAID. Traditional replacement mechanisms based on magnetic storage mediums do not suit specifications of flash memory. The aim of this thesis is to improve the reliability of the SSD RAID mechanisms by providing guaranteed access time for hard real-time embedded applications. Investigating the hypothesis, a number of novel mechanisms were proposed with the goal of enhancing data reliability in an SSD array. Two novel mechanisms solve the non-determinism problem caused by garbage collection without disturbing the reliability mechanism unlike existing techniques. The third mechanism is device replacement techniques for replacing elements in the array, increasing system dependability by providing continuous system availability with higher I/O performance for hard real-time embedded applications. A global flash translation layer with novel garbage collection mechanisms, on-line device replacement techniques, and their associated controllers are implemented on our FPGA SSD RAID controller. Contrary to traditional approaches, a dynamic preemptive cleaning mechanism adopts a dynamic cleaning feature which does not disturb the reliability mechanism. In addition to this the garbage collection aware RAID mechanism is introduced to improve the maximum response time of the system further. On-line device replacement techniques address limitations of the device replacement and thus provide more deterministic response times. The reliability, real-time and performance of these mechanisms via trace-driven simulator for number of synthetic and realistic traces are also evaluated. The contribution of this thesis is as follows: the presentation of novel mechanisms that enable the real-time support for RAID techniques in SSD devices, the development of a number of mechanisms that enhance the performance and reliability of flash-based storages, the implementation of these controllers, and the provision of a complete test bed for investigating these behaviours.
Learning by Failing: A Simple VAR Buffer

We study in this article the problem of model risk in VaR computations and document a procedure for correcting the bias due to specification and estimation errors. This practical method consists of "learning from model mistakes", since it dynamically relies on an adjustment of the VaR estimates – based on a back-testing framework – such as the frequency of past VaR exceptions always matches the expected probability. We finally show that integrating the model risk into the VaR computations implies a substantial minimum correction to the order of 10–40% of VaR levels.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT

Recently cloud computing is widely used technology in delivering computing resources as a service. There are variety of web-based applications hosted on cloud computing platforms, majority of them are data driven. Therefore database management is now become critical component and challenging task for the DBMS designers and researchers. Scalability, elastic load balancing, pay-per-use pricing and self- managing are the major reasons for the successful cloud database management. This is the review of research published/presented on databases in cloud platform. Various challenges of managing databases in the cloud and various techniques proposed by researchers to face these challenges are presented in this review. It is based on various parameters like database systems in the cloud, scalability and elasticity, autonomy or self- managing database systems and preserving consistency of database in cloud. Keywords—Cloud Computing, Cloud Database Management, Scalability, Elasticity, Autonomic Database Management
Figuring Out Collaborative Advantage: The Contributions of Visual Strategy Mapping

There is general agreement that collaboration can make sense when there is some sort of “collaborative advantage,” meaning there is something organizations can achieve together that they cannot easily achieve by themselves. Unfortunately, the literature is silent on exactly how to figure out collaborative advantage. This paper seeks to address this shortcoming by proposing (1) a set of goal categories that may be used to help articulate collaborative advantage and (2) the use of visual strategy mapping as part a facilitated group strategy making process to figure out the details of the possible collaborative advantage present in specific cases.
AnswerRank: Identifying Right Answers in QA system

Ranking of answers in Community CQA (CQA) is most important task in finding best answer, which depends on type of question and relevance of answer to the question. If a question is posted in a CQA site it will get multiple answers in different views. It is the responsibility of a CQA system to identify best answers and make them display as top answers. For identifying the best answers different ranking techniques for finding the top answers are used. The main two problems we identify in the CQA sites are most of the best answers identified by CQA sites are from the users who had many followers. Also if a question is posted and if the best answer is written by a user late after many answers, the probability of the answer to be get ranked as top answer with highest upvotes is very less. This paper describes AnswerRank a method to rank the answers provided by the users in CQA sites. The AnswerRank method of ranking treats users with more followers and less followers equally. Also the answer written at various time intervals by different users are also treated equally. Only ranking is based on quality of answers. We compare AnswerRank method with existing ranking methods . The experimental results shows that our approach is best method in ranking Community CQA sites.
Research Progress of Asarum Application Security Use

Asarum application literature wes reviewed for the past five years. The application of Asarum indication,dosage,methods of decoction,processing,compatibility were summarized to provide reference for clinical safety applications. The results showed that there was Asarum toxcity,but by mastering the application indications,the application of different processing methods and different combinations may decrease the toxic effects.
An Initial Discussion of Timing Considerations Raised During Development of a Magician-Robot Interaction

In this work-in-progress paper, we present our development of a magician-robot interaction for a theatrical stage performance and discuss our encounters with timing and chronology concerns at a variety of scales. We describe a system for choreographing robot movement, our design observations for cueing between robot and human, and timing considerations specific to artistic and logistic concerns for a production of this type.
The effect of post-translational modifications on Xlefty function.

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are several people that were instrumental in helping me complete my thesis project. First and foremost, I would like to thank my mentor and friend, Chris Wright, for providing support and guidance throughout my graduate training. He has taught me the importance of paying attention to the details without losing sight of the bigger picture. I hope that in working with Chris that I have absorbed many positive attributes that will aid in me becoming an independent scientific investigator. These favorable characteristics include his dedication to science, ability to ask the most relevant questions, and demand for high quality work. Apart from my scientific training, Chris helped me grow as a cyclist. I will always remember one of the first bike rides with Chris, which was supposed to be an easy, picturesque 30-mile ride around the Natchez Trace. I will miss taking about new bike gear and trainer riding. I have one final word for the advice Chris has given me: SPANDEX! I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. continued enthusiasm, words of encouragement, and advice throughout my thesis project. Additionally, I would like to thank both past and present members of the Wright lab for their support over the years: Anderson) for their support through the years. I would also like to thank my for encouragement throughout the seven years for graduate school. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my wife Laurie. She has unconditionally supported me with her love and devotion during my graduate training. Also, I have to thank my cats, Merry, Pippin, and Patches, for their snuggles and support. I would not have been able to get through graduate school without their support.
A new technique for testing professional skills and competencies and examples of its practical applications

A new technique for testing professional skills and competencies as well as its practical applications are presented. The approach in question uses modeling and analyzing the spatio-temporal peculiarities of subjects’ oculomotor activity, which are based on the representation of gaze movement on a stimulus surface with the aid of random continuous-time Markov processes with discrete states. The procedure of model parameters estimation provided with goodness-of-fit tests as well as the classifier-building technique, which makes it possible to assess a degree of correspondence between the observed gaze movement distribution and reference distributions identified for different diagnosed groups, were considered. Three examples of practical application of the suggested technique are given as illustrations: assessing a mathematical background level, studying differences in spatio-temporal gaze movement distributions identified for aircraft pilots with different flight proficiency, and assessing skill levels for dispatchers of building automatic control systems.
Efficient Decision Support Systems - Practice and Challenges in Biomedical Related Domain

This series is directed to diverse managerial professionals who are leading the transformation of individual domains by using expert information and domain knowledge to drive decision support systems (DSSs). The series offers a broad range of subjects addressed in specific areas such as health care, business management, banking, agriculture, environmental improvement, natural resource and spatial management, aviation administration, and hybrid applications of information technology aimed to interdisciplinary issues. This book series is composed of three volumes: Volume 1 consists of general concepts and methodology of DSSs; Volume 2 consists of applications of DSSs in the biomedical domain; Volume 3 consists of hybrid applications of DSSs in multidisciplinary domains. The book is shaped decision support strategies in the new infrastructure that assists the readers in full use of the creative technology to manipulate input data and to transform information into useful decisions for decision makers.
Benchmarking and Analyzing the Energy Consumption of Cloud Data Management System

Cloud Data Management System(CDMS)is a new rising data management system.To achieve the"green computing"and study the Energy Consumption(EC)of CDMS,firstly,the measurement and benchmarking approaches of EC should be defined,and the EC characteristics of CDMS should be studied.Currently,the benchmarking of CDMS is mainly focuses on performance issue,and few of them are about evaluation and optimization of EC,or introduce the measuring instrument,measuring approach,test cases and basic features of EC.In this paper,the measurement of EC and its mathematical expression are proposed;the benchmarking cases including data loading,querying and analyzing are defined;the evaluation approaches of EC of CDMS are designed;the EC of executing loading,retrieving,querying,aggregation and join in several CDMSs are analyzed;the approach of"reducing awaiting EC"is also proposed for optimizing the EC of CDMS.Plenties of experiment results show that,despite that CDMS is an application of"green computing",the EC of the selected CDMSs are in great difference,and some of them should be well optimized.
Information Assurance; Small Business and the Basics

Business is increasingly dependent on information systems to allow decision makers to gather process and disseminate information. As the information landscape becomes more interconnected, the threats to computing resources also increase. While the Internet has allowed information to flow, it has also exposed businesses to vulnerabilities. Whereas large businesses have information technology (IT) departments to support their security, small businesses are at risk because they lack personnel dedicated to addressing, controlling and evaluating their information security efforts. Further complicating this situation, most small businesses IT capabilities have evolved in an ad hoc fashion where few employees understand the scope of the network and fewer if any sat down and envisioned a secure architecture as capabilities were added. This paper examines the problem from the perspective that IT professionals struggle to bring adequate Information Assurance (IA) to smaller organizations where the tools are well known, but the organizational intent of the information security stance lacks a cohesive structure for system development and enforcement. This paper focuses on a process that will allow IT professionals to rapidly improve their organizations’ security stance with few changes using tools already in place or available at little or no cost. Starting with an initial risk assessment research provides the groundwork for the introduction of a secure system development life cycle (SSLDC) where continual evaluation improves the security stance and operation of a networked computer system. INFORMATION ASSURANCE: SMALL BUSINESS AND THE BASICS iii
Influence of Fe Content in Binary SnS2 Synthesis by Hydrothermal Technique for Photovoltaic Application

Binary thin disulfide (SnS 2 ) and ternary Sn 1-x Fe x S 2 (X = Fe (2.5%, 5% and 10%) which has huge potentials in the visible-light rang due to its band gap 2.2-2.6 eV. Herein, SnS 2 and Sn 1-x Fe x S 2 powders have been synthesize by a fruitful hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology, elemental composition and optical properties of the obtained product were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. It was found that the Fe could be effectively incorporated in the obtained Sn 1-x Fe x S 2 compounds. According to XRD analysis, increased concentration of Fe in the Sn 1-x Fe x S 2 compounds results in a gradual degradation of the crystallinity. The optical bandgap was found to be 1.52 eV, 2.22 eV, 2.38 eV and 2.48 eV, for the SnS, SnS 2 , Fe 5% and Fe 10% respectively. Mott–Schottky measurements performed for SnS 2 confirm the n-type character of SnS 2 samples.