Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestation and the physicochemical changes in 
fresh fruits

Infestation of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) causes physical and chemical changes in fresh fruit. Moreover, each species of fruit may react differently to the injuries caused by oviposition and larva feeding. In this study, we associated fruit fly infestation with physicochemical changes in five fruit species during six storage times. Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) infestation caused change in peel firmness (PEF), pulp firmness (PUF), pH, titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solid (TSS) of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.). It led to changes in PEF, PUF, TA, TSS and weight loss (WL) of guava (Psidium guajava L.) and changes in PEF and TA of apple (Malus domestica Borkh). Infestation changed PEF, PUF, TA and WL in mango (Mangifera indica L.) and PEF, PUF, TA and TSS of tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco). C. capitata infestation caused significant physicochemical changes in fresh fruits. Our results demonstrated a marked loss of fresh fruit quality after four days of fruit fly infestation. This information can help assessment of fresh fruit quality for consumption and processing. We discuss how the relationship between fly/host fruit might influence physicochemical changes in fresh fruits and recommend applied studies to better understand these relationships. Key words: Ceratitis capitata, fruit damage, quality assessment, postharvest fruit
Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints and disability in Cuba. A community-based study using the COPCORD core questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE Rheumatic diseases are prevalent conditions around the world, but precise information is not easily obtainable in developing countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in the community in Cuba using the ILAR/COPCORD core questionnaire and published methodologies. METHODS The ILAR/COPCORD core questionnaire was administered in the form of a home survey to 300 adult subjects. Cases, defined as those with present pain and no trauma, underwent a physical examination and selected laboratory or X ray evaluations. RESULTS The questionnaire was filled out in a mean time of 8 minutes. Ninety-one subjects had present musculoskeletal pain not related to trauma and 83 had had pain in the past. The most frequently affected regions were the lower back (14%); cervical spine (14%); knee (11.5%) and shoulders (10%). Osteoarthritis was the most common diagnosis (19.6%). A total of 166 subjects sought professional help; 56 were treated by a rheumatologist. Most subjects were satisfied with the results of their medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS Musculoskeletal symptoms were prevalent in this community. A larger study will be necessary to obtain a better estimate of diagnoses with a low prevalence.
Harnessing the Power of Private Distribution Channels for UHC

New technology, better use of data, and entrepreneurial passion in improving distribution channels is reaching a critical mass with the potential to drive extraordinary improvements in availability, affordability, and quality of health products. Global health institutions can play a significant role in further boosting the overall innovation ecosystem for health products distribution. However, most distribution system innovators are missing from global discussions around UHC and access to medicines. This note provides background on why the mainstream global health architecture has struggled to find the right engagement model with the private distribution channel and presents ideas that could be included in the new “toolbox” for development assistance for health.
Generic properties of geodesic flows on analytic hypersurfaces of Euclidean space

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Consider the geodesic flow on a real-analytic closed hypersurface <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ M $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{R}^n $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, equipped with the induced metric. How commonly can we expect such flows to have a transverse homoclinic orbit? In this paper, we give the following two partial answers to this question:</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>● If <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ M $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is a real-analytic closed hypersurface in <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{R}^n $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> (with <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ n \geq 3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>) on which the geodesic flow with respect to the induced metric has a nonhyperbolic periodic orbit, then <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ C^{\omega} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-generically the geodesic flow on <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ M $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> with respect to the induced metric has a hyperbolic periodic orbit with a transverse homoclinic orbit; and</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>● There is a <inline-formula><tex-math id="M8">\begin{document}$ C^{\omega} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-open and dense set of real-analytic, closed, and strictly convex surfaces <inline-formula><tex-math id="M9">\begin{document}$ M $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> in <inline-formula><tex-math id="M10">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{R}^3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> on which the geodesic flow with respect to the induced metric has a hyperbolic periodic orbit with a transverse homoclinic orbit. </p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>These are among the first perturbation-theoretic results for real-analytic geodesic flows. </p>
Substance-Abuse Monitoring in Methadone Maintenance Treatment

1 **AT Forum acknowledges and thanks the following expert panel members for their manuscript reviews and suggestions: • Greg Carlson, Director, Addiction Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN • Bruce A. Goldberger, PhD, DABFT, Director of Toxicology and Associate Professor, Univ. of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL • Douglas L. Gourlay, MD, FRCPC, FASAM, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada • Howard A. Heit, MD, FACP, FASAM, Assistant Clinical Professor, Georgetown University, Washington, DC • Kenneth Hoffman, MD, MPH, Medical Officer, SAMHSA/CSAT Division of Pharmacologic Therapies, Rockville, MD • Herman Joseph, PhD, New York, NY • Ira J. Marion, MA, Executive Director, Division of Substance Abuse, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY • Megan Marx, MPA, Associate Director, OTP Accreditation Project, JCAHO, Denver, CO • Mark W. Parrino, MPA, President, AATOD, New York, NY • Deborah J. Powers, State Methadone Authority, Madison, WI • Edwin Salsitz, MD, FASAM, Medical Director, Office-Based Opioid Therapy, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York • Joycelyn S. Woods, MA, CMA, President, NAMA, New York, NY. The Vital Necessity of SAM Drug screening and testing – described here as substanceabuse monitoring or “SAM” – is a vital aspect of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) that has great potential for either helping or hindering therapeutic processes supporting addiction recovery. Yet, there is no manual for MMT programs to follow when it comes to SAM, and clinics are provided relatively little specific guidance from federal, state, or accreditation authorities. Consequently, most MMT clinics follow procedures based on tradition or convenience, while adhering to the minimal regulations that currently exist. Monetary constraints also are a concern, but there often is acceptance of whatever SAM approaches are most readily available, rather than adopting more compelling patient-centered strategies. This report examines evidence-based principles and expert opinions that can help define best practices for SAM in MMT.
Less Muscle Strength in the Upper and Lower Limbs, Aerobic Capacity and Core of Smoking Athletes: A Review of the Literature

Knowing the variables that can help improve performance in different disciplines is what coaches and group directors look for. Tobacco use and sports performance are part of the fundamental pillars of a study of health and performance in athletes. That is the reason why the studies of sports performanceshave increasedover recent years. Objective. Carry out a literature review on the impact of tobacco use on sports performance, clarifying its consequences. Methodology. A search was made in the Scopus, Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases, using the keywords "smoking"; "sport performance" and "athletic performance" and limiting the time interval to the 2010-2018 period. A total of 10 articles were selected. Results. The results of each of the selected articles are presented in this study. Conclusions. The results suggest a worsening of muscle strength in both the upper and lower limbs as well as in the variables related to cardiorespiratory endurance in smoking athletes.
Palliative Care Knowledge of Non-oncologist Physicians in Pakistan

Pakistan is a country with high tumor burden. Although a valid cancer registry has not been established in Pakistan, a need for establishing one can not be overemphasized (Akhtar, 2007). Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan with a population of about 14.5 million in 2007 and South Karachi cancer registry (KCR) is the only well established cancer registry of the country with a stable track record of more than ten years (Bhurgri, 2004). KCR covers a mixed population of all the ethnicities living in the country and is considered to be representative of Pakistan, until a national based cancer registry is available. KCR data indicates that the age standardized ratio of cancer for all sites was 132.4/100,000 for the males and 133.0/100,000 in the females (Bhurgri 2004). The commonest cancer in males in descending order of frequency is lungs, oral cavity, larynx, urinary bladder, prostate, lymphoma, pharynx and colorectal. The order in females is, breast, oral cavity, cervix, esophagus, ovary, lymphoma, gallbladder and skin (Bhurgri et al., 2002). Review of literature reveals that patients in Pakistan are mostly not aware of cancer prevalence and availability of screening modalities because they are not well informed
Effect of Wastewater on the Transport and Retention of As ( V ) on Desert Soils

Chronic low-level exposure to arsenic has been found to increase health risks for cancer, skin lesions, and numerous other illnesses. In January 2006, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lowered the MCL for arsenic from 50 parts per billion (ppb) to 10 ppb. This new standard has affected many communities, requiring them to develop procedures for lowering arsenic concentrations in their drinking water. Disposal of the arsenic residuals is a problem that must be considered when developing such a procedure. A simple and low cost solution to this problem is to land apply the arsenic concentrates with the municipal wastewater. To insure the usefulness and safety of this disposal method, it is essential to investigate arsenic transport and retention on diverse soils in the presence and absence of wastewater. In this research, sorption isotherm and breakthrough curve experiments have been performed on three diverse soils taken from a land application facility located in southern New Mexico. Arsenic(V) will be applied with either municipal wastewater or 0.01 M KNO3 buffer to study the effects of wastewater on As(V) transport through and retention on the soils. Various models will be fit to examine their ability to describe As(V) transport over time under these two conditions. Additionally a Geographic Information System (GIS) will be used to investigate the locations of wells across the continental United States having > 10 ppb arsenic. These well locations will be compared to farmland locations and population values to better understand the potential impact of arsenic contamination across the U.S.
A Comparative Study on English Translation Versions of Zui Weng Ting Ji Based on Construal Theory : Illustrated by Translations of Luo Jingguo and Herbert A .

Construal Theory, proposed by Langacker, is an essential part in Cognitive Linguistics, which can be applied widely in analyzing linguistic phenomena and data. According to construal theory, different language expressions are based on different construals toward the images. Taking two versions of translation of one of the most famous Chinese ancient prose Zui Weng Ting Ji, comparative studies of two versions are made from four dimension of Construal Theory, they are: Specificity, Focusing, Prominence and Perspective, to find out differences construed by two translators in their translation and explore a cognitive linguistic approach in assisting English Translation of Chinese Classics (ETCC) further.
Intrusion Detection for Surveillance Purposes using Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has numerous applications in our daily life. This paper discusses the usage of wireless sensors in monitoring and surveillance of one or more intruders in a pre-defined area of interest. Detection probability of intruder is analyzed versus different parameters. Results show the intrusion detection probability versus some parameters such as sensor sensing radius, number of nodes, radius of the coverage area, node availability, probability of active nodes and node density. Furthermore, we investigated the performance of the expected time of detecting an intruder by changing the node density and at different scenarios of intruder velocities.
Position statement of the ZKBS on the risk assessment of Highly pathogenic avian Influenza virus A strains of the subtype H5 and H7 and derived laboratory strains

Influenza A viruses possess a single-stranded, negative-sense, segmented RNA genome. They belong to the family of Orthomyxoviridae and are classified into subtypes based on the antigenic properties of their glycoproteins, haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). To date, 18 different HA (H1-18) and 11 different NA (N1-11) subtypes are known, which can occur in various combinations (nomenclature HxNy, e.g. H5N1). With the exception of the H17N10 and H18N11 subtypes, all influenza A viruses can be found in birds, which is why these animals are considered to be natural reservoirs [1, 2]. Typically, infections in birds do not produce any severe symptoms. However, individual virus subtypes can cause a generalised infection with high mortality, especially in poultry. Viruses with such properties are referred to as highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses (HPAIV). HPAIV have so far exclusively been viruses of the subtypes H5 or H7 that exhibit multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the HA. Basic amino acids in the cleavage region make it possible to cleave the HA precursor protein by ubiquitous cellular proteases, thus permitting the systemic spread of the viruses in the body [3, 4]. HPAIV spread rapidly among poultry and cause great economic losses. Transmission occurs via virus-containing aerosols as well as through direct contact between mucous membranes and infectious secretions. Infection of humans by highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses occurs only sporadically, with some subtypes, in particular some H5N1 strains, potentially causing severe diseases.
Farmers Labs: Learning for the sustainable cacao farming

1. Background The cacao plantations are generally considered as a sustainable type of business, due to its large international market, which involves various industries such as food and confectionary manufacturers (Tan, 2017). Cacao is not only economically sustainable product, but as well socially and ecologically sustainable crop to help farmers develop the intercropping farm (VECO, n.d.). Recently, International Cacao Organization survey found that production in the cacao global market in 2015-2016 declined (Tan, 2017). Accordingly, as the third largest producer of cacao in the world, Indonesia has the opportunity to fulfil the required demand gap by increasing quantity and quality of its cacao production, through empowering smallholder farmers, who own over 90% of cacao plantations in the country (DJP, 2014). The country can support the farmers and stakeholders through different programmes to practice sustainable agriculture. One of applied sustainable agriculture is the climate-smart concept, which involves increasing productivity by fermenting the cacao beans and reducing greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission by using organic fertilisers. This practice has been carried out by some group of farmers in Bali Province. Despite visible benefits from modification the type production, almost half of the farmers endure their traditional approach to agriculture. Immediately after harvesting, they aim at selling their cacao beans to middlemen in order to get quick money, without considering the sustainable market for their product and enhancing their own income (METI, 2015).
Economic Context in Latin America: Outlook and Trends for Social-Ecological Transformation

Within the global production system, geographical fragmentation of productive processes and their organization into global value chains (GVCs) determine the existence of an international division of tasks between countries according to their development status, reflecting the existing technological asymmetry between them. By radically modifying the organization of national production structures and the forms of corporate trade, the dynamics of the GVC modify market conditions of competitiveness and, consequently, the manner in which national economies participate in the global economy.
Thick slab punching with symmetry reductions

The contribution presents a test series of four geometrically similar specimens of different size designed to investigate the punching behavior of thick reinforced concrete slabs. The thickness ranges from 300 to 650 mm and the slab radius varies between 1.12 and 2.45 m. For experimental execution, an innovative test method is employed and updated towards thick slabs. It uses the symmetry of specimens and reduces them corresponding to the symmetry grade to quarters. By applying this method, geometrical dimensions and associated test loads are reduced by 75%. The tests demonstrate on the one hand that the updated method is suitable for punching tests of thick specimens. And, on the other hand, the results indicate a less pronounced size effect for multilayered, highly reinforced slabs than predicted in theory.
Altmetrics data providers: A meta-analysis review of the coverage of metrics and publication

The aim of this paper is to review the current and most relevant literature on the use of altmetric providers since 2012. This review is supported by a meta-analysis of the coverage and metric counts obtained by more than 100 publications that have used these bibliographic platforms for altmetric studies. The article is the most comprehensive analysis of altmetric data providers ( Lagotto , Altmetric.com , ImpactStory , Mendeley , PlumX , Crossref Event Data ) and explores the coverage of publications, social media and events from a longitudinal view. Disciplinary differences were also analysed. The results show that most of the studies are based on Altmetric.com data. This provider is the service that captures most mentions from social media sites, blogs and news outlets. PlumX has better coverage, counting more Mendeley readers, but capturing fewer events. CED has a special coverage of mentions from Wikipedia , while Lagotto and ImpactStory are becoming disused products because of their limited reach.
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Quality of Life in a Patient with Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Control Trial

Objective: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) interventions increase psychological flexibility and improve mental health and quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction. Study design: A controlled clinical trial study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an ACT intervention in improving the quality of life in patients with MI in Isfahan, Iran. Method : The present controlled clinical trial with a pre and post-test design was conducted on a statistical population consisting of patients with MI admitted to hospitals in Isfahan (n = 60) who were selected through sequential sampling based on the study inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into an intervention and a control group (n1 = n2 = 30). The case group received 8 weekly 90-minute sessions of ACT and the control group received no interventions. The pretest-posttest design was administered in both groups using a demographic questionnaire and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) designed to assess the health status of patients with heart failure in terms of quality of life. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-20 using descriptive statistics and the ANCOVA. Results: In this study, 2 general areas of quality of life, including physical and mental health, were examined in the patients. There was a significant increase in the quality of life and subscales of mental and physical health in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of ACT in improving quality of life in these patients, this method of intervention can be used as a complementary therapy in health care centers to reduce the side-effects experienced by these patients.
Potential Toxicity Investigation of Copper -Doped River Water of Nën- Shkodra Lowland (Albania) on a Plant Bio-test

Various natural and anthropogenic copper sources have progressively increased its environmental concentration, getting a hazardous threat to plant, animal and human health due to bio-accumulation tendency and toxicity. In the present investigation the Allium cepa L. test was used to assess the toxicological tendency of some riverside water samples taken in Nën-Shkodra lowland (Albania) and to evaluate the toxic potency of copper, experimentally added in analyzed natural waters. Roots of onion bulbs were exposed for 48 h to three doses, representing respective 1⁄4EC50, 1⁄2 EC50 and EC50 of CuSO4-loaded samples. Macro and microscopic endpoints of onion roots grown in unloaded and copper-loaded samples, such as: morphological aberrations, mitotic and phase indexes, interphase nuclear volume and DNA content, chromosomal aberration frequency and types were evaluated and compared. There was a distinct difference of toxicity rate between two groups of natural samples. The results showed obvious metal concentration-dependence of all parameters, revealing that excess copper can cause strong phyto-, cytoand genotoxic effects on onion roots. Chromosome stickiness, bridges and fragments, c-mitosis and disintegrated nuclei were mostly detected. This approach resulted to be successfully applicable for biological monitoring of water pollution, especially in developing countries as Albania.
A supermatrix model for N = 6 super Chern-Simons-matter theory

We construct the Wilson loop operator of N = 6 super Chern-Simons-matter which is invariant under half of the supercharges of the theory and is dual to the simplest macroscopic open string in AdS4 ×CP3. The Wilson loop couples, in addition to the gauge and scalar fields of the theory, also to the fermions in the bi-fundamental representation of the U(N) × U(M) gauge group. These ingredients are naturally combined into a superconnection whose holonomy gives the Wilson loop, which can be defined for any representation of the supergroup U(N |M). Explicit expressions for loops supported along an infinite straight line and along a circle are presented. Using the localization calculation of Kapustin et al. we show that the circular loop is computed by a supermatrix model and discuss the connection to pure Chern-Simons theory with supergroup U(N |M).