Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum computing modelling on field programmable gate array based on state vector and heisenberg models

As current trend of miniaturization in computing technology continues, modern computing devices would start to exhibit the behaviour of nanoscopic quantum objects. Quantum computing, which is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, becomes a promising candidate for future generation computing system. However, modelling quantum computing systems on existing classical computing platforms before the realization of viable large-scale quantum computer remains a major challenge. The exploration on the modelling of quantum computing systems on field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform, which offers the potential of massive parallelism and allows computational optimization at register-transfer level, is crucial. Due to the exponential growth of resource utilization with the increase in the number of quantum bits (qubit), existing works on modelling of quantum systems on FPGA platform are restricted to simple case studies using small qubit sizes. This work explores the modelling of quantum computing for emulation on FPGA platform based on two types of data structure: (a) state vector model and (b) Heisenberg model. For the conventional state vector modelling approach, an efficient datapath design that is based on serial-parallel hardware architecture, which allows resource sharing between unitary transformations, is proposed. Heisenberg model has been proven to be efficient in modelling stabilizer circuits, which are critical in error correction operations. In the effort to include the consideration of vital quantum error correction in practical quantum systems, a novel FPGA emulation framework that is based on the Heisenberg model is proposed. Effective algorithms for accurate global phase maintenance are proposed to facilitate the modelling of quantum systems based on the Heisenberg representation. The feasibility of the proposed state vector and Heisenberg emulation models are demonstrated based on a number of case studies with different characteristics, which include quantum Fourier transform, Grover’s search algorithm, and stabilizer circuits. Based on the state vector approach, this work has demonstrated the advantage of FPGA emulation over software simulation where hardware emulation of 7-qubit Grover’s search is about 3 × 104 times faster than the software simulation performed on Intel Core i7-4790 processor running at 3.6GHz clock rate. In contrast to the 8-qubit implementation based on the state vector model, the proposed FPGA emulation framework based on the Heisenberg model has successfully modelled 120-qubit stabilizer circuits on the Altera Stratix IV FPGA. In summary, the proposed work in this thesis contributes to the formulation of a proof-of-concept of efficient FPGA emulation framework based on the state vector and Heisenberg models.
Preventing Abuse of Cookies Stolen by XSS

Cross Site Scripting (XSS) makes victims execute an arbitrary script and leaks out personal information from victims’ computers. An adversary can easily get victim’s cookies by the XSS attack. If the adversary cannot use the stolen cookies to impersonate the victim, stealing cookie has no meaning. Therefore, we propose a method to prohibit the abuse of stolen cookies in order to make it ineffective to steal cookies through the XXS attack. The proposed method uses onetime password and challenge-response authentication to identify whether a person is a valid owner of the cookie.
A phase Ib study of an anti-HER2 inhibitor, lapatinib, in combination with a c-MET and VEGFR inhibitor, foretinib, in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Results from NCIC CTG IND.198.

518 Background: The mechanisms of resistance to targeted anti-HER 2 therapy are unclear. Proposed pathways include MET, VEGF and AXL. Multi-targeted pathway inhibition may delay or prevent acquired resistance to HER2 inhibition. Foretinib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor of MET and VEGFR2, as well as PDGFRB, AXL, FLT3, TIE-2, RET and RON kinases, has pre-clinical anti-tumor activity in breast tumor models. This phase 1b study sought to establish the associated toxicities, pharmacokinetics (PK) and recommended phase II doses (RP2D) of this combination of oral tyrosine kinases inhibitors in a cohort of HER-2 positive MBC patients. Methods: Women with HER2 positive (determined locally) MBC, PS 0-2, and no limit on number of prior chemotherapies or lines of anti-HER2 therapies were enrolled. A 3+3 dose escalation design was utilized. 4 dose levels were planned with starting doses of foretinib 30 mg and lapatinib 750 mg PO OD (dose level 1) on a q 4 weekly cycle. Correlative studies from primary archival tissue.
Application of Sentiment Lexicons on Movies Transcripts to Detect Violence in Videos

In the modern era of technological development, the emergence of Web 2.0 applications, related to social media, the dissemination of opinions, feelings, and participation in discussions on various issues have become very easy, which have led to a boom in text mining and natural language processing research. YouTube is one of the most popular social sites for video sharing. This may contain different types of unwanted content such as violence, which is the cause of many social problems, especially among children like aggression and bullying at home, in school and in public places. The research work reports performance of two different sentiment lexicons when they were applied on video transcripts to detect violence in YouTube videos. The automation of process to detect violence in videos can be helpful for censor boards that can use the technology to restrict violent video for a certain age group or can fully block entire video regardless of age. The models were built using the existing sentiment lexicons. The dataset consists of 100 English video transcripts collected from the web and was annotated manually as violent and non-violent. Various experiments were performed on the dataset using English SentiWordNet (ESWN) and Vader Package with different text preprocessing settings. The Vader package outperformed the ESWN by providing 75% accuracy. ESWN results for all POS tagging with 66% accuracy were better than its result for adjectives POS tagging with 58% accuracy.
Third-party enterprises’ perceptions of green logistics in China

This article represents an empirical examination of green logistics awareness of employees at third-party enterprises in China. The data used for this study was collected using a survey related to green logistics awareness. Participants were employees of Chinese enterprises, including five logistics companies. Although there was a general low level of green logistics awareness, results showed a diverse awareness of the topic contingent upon green logistics knowledge. More specifically, with the exception of those who demonstrated a high degree of green logistics knowledge, green logistics awareness level and other dimensions were low. In addition, educational background demonstrated an influence on green logistics awareness. The findings from this study have real-world implications for the development of state logistics environmental protection policy.
Combinatorial optimization np-hard problem solved by using the quadratic assignment problem (qap) solution through a parallel genetic algorithm on gpu

espanolEn este documento se resuelven algunas instancias de problemas bien conocidos de optimizacion combinatorial de tipo NP-Hard a partir de la formulacion de Koopmans y Beckmann del problema de Asignacion Cuadratica (QAP). Dichas instancias son solucionadas mediante un Algoritmo Genetico Embarasosamente Paralelo o mediante un Algoritmo Genetico Paralelo de Islas, en ambos casos, la implementacion se hace sobre unidades de procesamiento grafico (GPU’s). EnglishIn this article, some instances of well known combinatorial optimization NP-Hard problems are solved by using Koopmans and Beckmann formulation of the quadratic assignment problem (QAP). These instances are solved by using an Embarrassingly Parallel Genetic Algorithm or by using an Island Parallel Genetic Algorithm; in both cases, the implementation is carried out on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).
The global relationship between climate, net primary production and the diet of spiders

Aim We compiled data on prey utilization of spiders at a global scale to better understand the relationship between current climate or net primary production (NPP) and diet breadth, evenness and composition in spiders. We test whether the productivity and the diversity–climatic-stability (DCS) hypotheses focusing on diversity patterns may also explain global patterns in prey utilization by web-building and cursorial spiders. Location A global dataset of 95 data points from semi-natural and natural terrestrial habitats spanning 41.3° S to 56.1° N. Methods We collected data on spider prey (29 groups, mostly order-level invertebrate taxa) through extensive literature research to identify the relationship between climatic conditions and NPP and spider diets based on 66 studies of prey composition in 82 spider species. Results The number of prey groups in spider diets was positively related to NPP, after accounting for differences in sampling effort in the original studies. In general, diet breadth was significantly higher for spider species in tropical environments. Prey individuals in spider diets were more evenly distributed among different prey groups in warmer environments with lower fluctuations in precipitation. Collembola and other spiders were more common prey for spiders with a cursorial hunting mode. Myriapoda and Collembola were more common prey in cooler climates with more stable precipitation, whereas Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera and Coleoptera showed the opposite pattern. Main conclusions The positive relationship between diet breadth and NPP and the negative relationship between prey evenness and seasonality in precipitation support the productivity and the DCS hypotheses, respectively. This effect on global patterns of invertebrate predator–prey interactions suggests that trophic interactions between spiders and their prey are sensitive to climatic conditions. Climatic conditions may not only affect spider community composition, but also considerably alter the functional role of these abundant invertebrate predators in terrestrial ecosystems. (Less)
Elements of Application-Layer Internetworking for Adaptive Self-Organizing Networks

By providing a global infrastructure for information exchange, the Internet has had a transformational impact on society at large. At the same time, a number of indicators, among them an observed ossification phenomenon, raise concerns about the ability of the Internet to support future communication needs and stipulate interest in alternative methods for internetworking. This paper considers an internetworking approach based on self-organizing application-layer networks. Rather than building a single global infrastructure that provides universal access, these networks take advantage of a diverse collection of network infrastructures to interconnect users and devices participating in a networked application. In this paper, we discuss aspects such as scalability, ability to adapt after disruptions, heterogeneous substrate networks, distributed security, and dynamically created network services. The discussions are supported by numerous measurement experiments.
One (Firm) Is Not Enough: A Legal–Economic Analysis of EC–Fasteners

Abstract The WTO's Appellate Body (AB) dealt with a number of issues for the first time in this Report. Importantly, it discussed the consistency of the European Union (EU) regulation with the multilateral rules on the conditions for deviating from the obligation to calculate individual dumping margins. Although China formally won the argument, the AB may have opened the door to treat China as a nonmarket economy (NME) even beyond 2016 when China's NME status was thought to expire under the terms of China's 2001 WTO Accession Protocol. The AB further dealt with numerous other issues ranging from statistical sampling to the treatment of confidential information. In handling its investigation, the EU authorities made a number of questionable decisions regarding the collection of information, and this aspect of the process was central to China's legal challenges.
PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL OBSERVATIONS ON SOME TOXIC NECTARS

Acetylandromedol (andromedotoxin) has been isolated from the nectar of Rhododendron thomsonii. The pharmacological properties of toxic nectars obtained from several Rhododendron sp. and hybrids have been investigated and these indicate that the poisonous principle is acetylandromedol.
CENTERS OF ORIGIN AND RELATED CONCEPTS

Croizat, L. , G. Nelson, and D. E. Rosen (Department of Ichthyology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024) 1974. Centers of origin and related concepts. Syst. Zool. 23:265-287. -The concept of center of origin in the Darwinian sense is often accepted and used as if it were a conceptual model necessary and fundamental to historical zoogeographical analysis. But in certain respects it is inconsistent with the principles of common ancestry and vicariance2 (e.g., allopatric speciation), and its application to concrete examples of animal distribution generally yields ambiguous results. In the following pages we present a critique of the concept of center of origin, and outline an alternative conceptual model, involving generalized patterns of biotic distribution (generalized tracks). We assume that a given generalized track estimates an ancestral biota that, because of changing geography, has become subdivided into descendant biotas in localized areas. We assume that in such areas, more or less biotically isolated from one another by barriers to dispersal, the descendant biotas differentiate and produce more modern patterns of taxonomic diversity and distribution. We reject the Darwinian concept of center of origin and its corollary, dispersal of species, as a conceptual model of general applicability in historical biogeography. We admit the reality of dispersal and specify how examples of dispersal may be recognized with reference both to sympatry and to generalized tracks, but we suggest that on a global basis the general features of modern biotic distribution have been determined by subdivision of ancestral biotas in response to changing geography. [Biogeography; distribution; evolution. ]
Vertebral Fractures among Patients Referred for Bone Densitometry Screening in Dubai Primary Health Care Facilities

Vertebral fractures are one of the most common fractures associated with low bone mineral density. However two-thirds to three-fourths of patients with vertebral fractures are not clinically recognized. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures in patients referred for bone densitometry and the most common site of fracture. The study was carried out in the osteoporosis clinic in Dubai primary health care center. A total of 120 patients were examined using the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Of all the patients, 48.3% were osteoporotic and 40.9% were osteopenic. The overall prevalence of vertebral fracture was 14.2%. The result showed that the prevalence of vertebral fracture was higher in female compared to male (15.7% and 9.7%, respectively). It was found that patients aged 80 and above had the highest prevalence of vertebral fracture (54.5%). Undiagnosed vertebral fractures were common. Therefore, it is crucial to prevent vertebral fracture through early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of osteoporosis.
Ecological Correlates of Extinction Proneness in Tropical Butterflies

Abstract: Widespread and rapid losses of natural habitats and biodiversity have made the identification of extinction‐prone species a major challenge in conservation biology. We assessed the relative importance of biologically relevant species traits (e.g., body size, ecological specialization) obtained from published records to determine the extinction probability of butterflies in a highly disturbed tropical landscape (i.e., Singapore). We also developed a taxon‐specific model to estimate the extinction proneness of butterflies in Southeast Asia. Logistic regression analyses showed that adult habitat specialization, larval host plant specificity, geographical distribution, sexual dichromatism, and congenor density were significant and independent determinants of butterfly extinctions in Singapore. Among these traits, specificity of larval host plant and adult habitat specialization were the best correlates of extinction risks. We used this phenomenological extinction‐regression model to estimate the relative extinction proneness of 416 butterfly species in Southeast Asia. Our results illustrate the utility of available taxon‐specific data for a localized area in estimating the extinction proneness of closely related species on a regional scale. When intensive field studies are not forthcoming, especially in regions suffering from rapid biodiversity losses (e.g., Southeast Asia), similar approaches could be used to estimate extinction threats for other taxonomic groups.
Stick graphs: examples and counter-examples

Stick graphs are the intersection graphs of vertical and horizontal segments in the plane whose bottom and respectively left endpoints belong to a line with negative slope. Such a representation is called a Stick representation of the graph. Very few results exist on Stick graphs: only trivial classes of Stick graphs have been identified; recognizing Stick graphs is an open problem; and even building examples of graphs that are not Stick graphs is quite tricky. In this paper, we first propose structural results on Stick graphs, connecting the neighborhoods of two vertices to the order of these two vertices in a possible Stick representation. We deduce local obstructions for the existence of a Stick representation, which we use for the construction of graphs that are not Stick graphs. We next disapprove the idea, suggested by these examples and the other examples from the literature, that a graph which is not a Stick graph necessarily contains a hole. Finally, we show that bipartite complements of circular-arc graphs and of circle graphs are subclasses of Stick graphs.
The geometry of diagonal groups

Diagonal groups are one of the classes of finite primitive permutation groups occurring in the conclusion of the O'Nan-Scott theorem. Several of the other classes have been described as the automorphism groups of geometric or combinatorial structures such as affine spaces or Cartesian decompositions, but such structures for diagonal groups have not been studied. The main purpose of this paper is to describe and characterise such structures, which we call diagonal semilattices. Unlike the diagonal groups in the O'Nan-Scott theorem, which are defined over finite characteristically simple groups, our construction works over any group, finite or infinite. A diagonal semilattice depends on a dimension m and a group T. For m=2, it is a Latin square, the Cayley table of T, though in fact any Latin square satisfies our axioms. However, for m>=3, the group T emerges naturally and uniquely from the axioms. (The situation somewhat resembles projective geometry, where projective planes exist in profusion but higher-dimensional structures are coordinatised by an algebraic object, a division ring.) A diagonal semilattice is contained in the partition lattice on a set, and we provide an introduction to the calculus of partitions. Many of the concepts and constructions come from experimental design in statistics. We also determine when a diagonal group can be primitive, or quasiprimitive (these conditions are equivalent for diagonal groups). Associated with the diagonal semilattice is a graph, the diagonal graph, which has the same automorphism group except in four small cases with m<=3. The class of diagonal graphs includes some well-known families, Latin-square graphs and folded cubes. We obtain partial results on the chromatic number of a diagonal graph, and mention an application to synchronization.
The Susceptibility of the Higher Primates to Piroplasms

SYNOPSIS. The chimpanzee is shown to behave like man to infection with Babesia divergens or bovis: the intact animal is totally resistant, whereas the splenectomized animal develops a fulminating infection accompanied by blackwater. The splenectomized rhesus monkey reacts in the same way also, but splenectomized rabbits are insusceptible. In the chimpanzee the typical accole position of the “divergens” organisms (as seen in cattle) is absent, but occurs in the rhesus. It is suggested that latent piroplasmosis in man may exist on a large scale in rural populations in infected localities.
Effects of Supplementation with Extracts from the Marine Brown Alga Eisenia bicyclis on Macrophages

A large number of edible seaweeds are consumed by the coastal peoples of Asia. Some of them are used in traditional remedies in many parts of the world. In this study we investigated effects of supplementation with ethyl acetate extracts of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis (EBE) on rat macrophage to evaluate the possibilities as immune-modulators. Twelve male SD rats were divided into two groups and the treatments were as follows: A, no Eisenia bicyclis extract (EBE) intake and distilled water ; B, oral supplemented with EBE 200 ㎎/㎏. After 5 weeks of supplementation, rats were sacrificed to assess the effect on peritoneal macrophage functions. We showed no increasing effects on tumoricidal activity, phagocytic activity and NO production in macrophages in EBE supplementation group. However, EBE supplementation suppressed NO-iNOS production and p65 translocation into the nucleus in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Overall, these results suggest that the supplementation of EBE might have an anti-inflammatory effects on NO-iNOS production in macrophages throughout the inhibition of NF-κB activation.
SSIDS: Semi-Supervised Intrusion Detection System by Extending the Logical Analysis of Data

Prevention of cyber attacks on the critical network resources has become an important issue as the traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are no longer effective due to the high volume of network traffic and the deceptive patterns of network usage employed by the attackers. Lack of sufficient amount of labeled observations for the training of IDSs makes the semi-supervised IDSs a preferred choice. We propose a semi-supervised IDS by extending a data analysis technique known as Logical Analysis of Data, or LAD in short, which was proposed as a supervised learning approach. LAD uses partially defined Boolean functions (pdBf) and their extensions to find the positive and the negative patterns from the past observations for classification of future observations. We extend the LAD to make it semi-supervised to design an IDS. The proposed SSIDS consists of two phases: offline and online. The offline phase builds the classifier by identifying the behavior patterns of normal and abnormal network usage. Later, these patterns are transformed into rules for classification and the rules are used during the online phase for the detection of abnormal network behaviors. The performance of the proposed SSIDS is far better than the existing semi-supervised IDSs and comparable with the supervised IDSs as evident from the experimental results.