Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Relationship between Perceived Big Data Advantages and Online Consumers’ Behavior: An Extended Hierarchy of Effects Model

This study intends to extend the hierarchy of effects model into the reality of the tourism industry after incorporation of information and communication technologies. Data analyses were conducted on 260 online questionnaires. The findings indicated consumer behavior follows a three-layer model: Attention-Intention/Desire-Action/Sharing-Social Awareness. Among big data advantages, recommendation system, information search and improved customer service are important to Attention-Intention; information search, dynamic pricing are important to Desire-Action with customer service (lower significance level); only customer service is important to Sharing-Social awareness. This model allows understanding of consumers’ behavior in online tourism as tourists are often sharing their experiences and raise awareness on service quality from e-vendors. Organizations might use big data to guarantee customers’ satisfaction and attract positive feedback particularly from the third layer of behavior.
Faktor hubungan dengan kejadian stunting di Puskesmas Tamalate Kota Makassar

Stunting is a chronic condition of stunted growth due to long-term malnutrition and manifestations. In Indonesia, since 2017, toddlers stunted by 29,6%, and in 2018 increased to 30,8%. This study aims to determine the relationship of infectious diseases, initiation of early breastfeeding, history of exclusive breastfeeding, LBW, and first marriage with stunting. The method used in this study was observational analytic with a cross-sectional study approach, with a chi-square test and fisher's exact test population of 620 people, with a sample of 124 toddlers with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that there was a relationship between early breastfeeding initiation (p=0,014) exclusive breastfeeding (p=0,001), and was not the relationship between LBW (p=0,172) with the occurrence of stunting in the Tamalate Community Health Center in Makassar. In conclusion, there is no correlation between infectious disease and LBW with the incidence of stunting, and there is a relationship between early breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, with stunting. It is recommended to mothers to maintain the child's lifestyle and diet to avoid infectious diseases, give children early breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding, also reject early marriage so as not to give birth to a child with LBW and cause stunting. Stunting merupakan kondisi kronis terhambatnya pertumbuhan karena malnutrisi jangka Panjang dan manifestasi, di indonesia tahun 2017 terdapat 29,6% balita yang mengalami stunting dan tahun 2018 terdapat 30,8% balita yang mengalami stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan penyakit infeksi,inisiasi menyusui dini, riwayat asi eksklusif, BBLR dan pernikahan dini dengan kejadian stunting. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional study, dengan uji chi-square dan uji fisher’s exact test populasi sebanyak 620, dengan sampel sebanyak 124 balita dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara IMD (p= 0,014) ASI esklusif (p= 0,001), dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara BBLR (p= 0,172) dengan kejadian stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tamalate kota Makassar. Simpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan riwayat penyakit infeksi dan BBLR dengan kejadian stunting, ada hubungan antara IMD, ASI eksklusif, dengan kejadian stunting. Saran, untuk menjaga pola hidup dan pola makan anak agar terhindar dari penyakit infeksi, memberi anak IMD dan ASI eksklusif, juga menolak pernikahan dini agar tidak melahirkan anak yang BBLR dan menyebabkan stunting.
A 22-ng/ $\surd$ Hz 17-mW Capacitive MEMS Accelerometer With Electrically Separated Mass Structure and Digital Noise- Reduction Techniques

A fully integrated micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer with extremely low noise level (22 ng/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz) and sufficiently low power consumption (17 mW) for emerging applications (such as infrastructure monitoring and next-generation oil and gas exploration) was developed. By applying concurrent operations of detection and control (enabled by a unique MEMS element) and reducing servo-signal leakage and noise caused by an interaction of 1-bit quantization and asymmetric mass deformation in the digital domain, a ninefold-lower noise level is achieved in comparison with state-of-the-art low-noise low-power MEMS accelerometers. The MEMS element was fabricated on 6-in Si/SOI/Si bonding wafers, while the detection and driver integrated circuits were fabricated as interface circuits with the standard 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) process and the high-voltage 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process, respectively. The power consumption of the developed MEMS accelerometer is 17 mW from 1.4-, 1.8-, and 12-V supplies, and it has an input range of ±0.55 g and bandwidth of 400 Hz.
Wind Regulation of Emergence Times and Early Larval Survival in Capelin (Mallotus villosus)

Factors regulating the emergence and survival of capelin (Mallotus villosus) larvae from their beach gravel nest sites were investigated in the spring and summer of 1978 and 1979. In both years, the pattern of larval emergence was characterized by intermittent abrupt increases in the numbers of larvae in the nearshore waters and corresponding precipitous declines in the density of preemergent larvae in the beach gravel. Both events were strongly correlated with onshore wind-induced wave action which disturbed the beach. Larval emergence patterns were unrelated to changes in tidal amplitude or day–night variation. The generality of this wind-induced larval emergence hypothesis was tested and confirmed using published data from two separate studies conducted at three different Newfoundland sites during 1927, 1929, 1930, and 1941. The density of larvae in the beach gravel was positively correlated with the length of time separating the occurrence of onshore winds. The result was a pronounced temporal clumpin.
Cadmium decreased superoxide anion derived from NADPH oxidase through overload of calcium in wheat seedling

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is an important environmental problem in society. Cd is released by industrial processes and phosphate fertilizers, permeates into the food chain. It inhibits plant growth and changes photosynthesis, and its pytotoxicity damages the plant. Over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is believed to be one of the key factors responsible for Cd toxicity. Our objective was to clarify the roles of ROS and cytoplasm free calcium ([Ca]cyt) in wheat seedlings containing cadmium (Cd). Wheat grains were treated by a series of doses of cadmium chloride for six days. Results showed that wheat grains germination and seedling growth inhibition were increased with increasing Cd concentration. Additionally, low Cd concentration (0.05 mM) decreased NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, and superoxide anion (O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Conversely, [Ca]cyt was significantly increased at 0.05 mM Cd. To obtain deeper insights into the redox balance of wheat seedling response to Cd stress, O2, H2O2 and MDA content In vivo were measured. The results showed that exogenous O2markedly promoted seedling growth, increased O2 content and NOX activity, and impaired [Ca]cyt overload by Cd stress. Therefore, it was concluded that Cd inhibited early growth of seedlings mainly through inducing [Ca]cyt overload which was attributed to the decrease of NOX-dependent O2 production.
Evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity in extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC.

Different extracts of U. tomentosa were tested in vitro for their antioxidant activity utilizing tert ‐butyl‐hydroperoxide‐initiated chemiluminescence in rat liver homogenates. Methanol fractions of both stem‐bark and roots were capable of exerting antioxidant activity by this technique. The presence of different concentrations of bark and root methanol extracts also prevented TBARS production and free radical‐mediated DNA‐sugar damage. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
OVERWINTERING PERFORMANCE OF HONEY BEE COLONIES HEAVILY INFESTED WITH ACARAPIS WOODI (RENNIE)

SUMMARY Three groups of honey bee colonies (N = 30) were overwintered on a mountainside (2800 M) in northeastern Mexico. Infestation levels of Acarapis woodi in the three groups averaged 0, 28.2 and 86.0 % for the control, moderately, and heavily infested colonies, respectively. Heavily infested colonies were 28 % smaller than controls (P < 0.01) in the fall. Adjusting for this, heavily infested colonies lost significantly more bees than either the moderately infested group, or the controls (P < 0.0001). Both the moderately and heavily infested groups of bees had less brood than controls at the end of the test (P < 0.02 and P < 0.01 respectively). Similarly, honey consumption was higher in the heavily infested group (P < 0.04). Infestation levels were negatively correlated with colony size at the beginning of the test (P < 0.05) and at its end (P < 0.001).
Emergence phenomena in self-organizing systems: a systematic literature review of concepts, researches, and future prospects

ABSTRACT Context Today, we are facing the growing development of distributed systems which their vast scale has challenged their centralized management. Therefore, many researchers design these systems as self-organizing. After implementing self-organizing systems, new behaviors known as emergence form at a global level of the system. Objective The purpose of this paper is to study the concept of emergence in various natural and artificial systems, categorize research activities, identify research pathways of emergence in computer science, and shed light on future research directions. Method In this paper, for a systematic literature review, numerous articles regarding emergence phenomena in self-organizing systems are studied and investigated. Result Emergence is one of the issues that has attracted the attention of researchers these days. In this paper, concerning nine research questions, 180 research papers are studied. In addition to exploring definitions and features of emergence, a variety of research interests has been found, including studies on why and how to identify, measure, validate, predict, model, simulate, and control emergence. Conclusion This study shows that much research had been done not only in computer science but also in other sciences on emergence. In addition to a need to provide new methods, based on various technologies, for identifying, measuring, verifying, modeling, simulating, predicting, and controlling emergence in future research, there is a lack of work regarding many issues on emergence.
Detection of nearby UAVs using a multi-microphone array on board a UAV

In this work, we address the problem of UAV detection flying nearby another UAV. Usually, computer vision could be used to face this problem by placing cameras onboard the patrolling UAV. However, visual processing is prone to false positives, sensible to light conditions and potentially slow if the image resolution is high. Thus, we propose to carry out the detection by using an array of microphones mounted with a special array onboard the patrolling UAV. To achieve our goal, we convert audio signals into spectrograms and used them in combination with a CNN architecture that has been trained to learn when a UAV is flying nearby, and when it is not. Clearly, the first challenge is the presence of ego-noise derived from the patrolling UAV itself through its propellers and motor’s noise. Our proposed CNN is based on Google’s Inception v.3 network. The Inception model is trained with a dataset created by us, which includes examples of when an intruder UAV flies nearby and when it does not. We conducted experiments for off-line and on-line detection. For the latter, we manage to generate spectrograms from the audio stream and process it with the Nvidia Jetson TX2 mounted onboard the patrolling UAV.
Trends in glycaemic control and morbidity over 10 years in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital

Aim: To assess control and morbidity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 attending a tertiary adult diabetes clinic in Durban, South Africa. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients with T1D who attended clinic in the years 2006, 2012 and 2015. Clinical and laboratory changes were assessed at an individual patient-level follow-up (IPLF) and whole clinic level (n = 231). Results: In the IPLF study arm (n = 58; 45% Black patients; 62% female; median age 18 years), mean HbA1c [% (mmol/mol)] decreased from 9.9 ± 2.6% (85 ± 28) in 2006 to 8.7 ± 1.5% (72 ± 16) in 2012 (p < 0.001) and to 9.1 ± 1.7% (76 ± 19) in 2015 (p = 0.03); target HbA1c < 7.0% (< 53 mmol/mol) was achieved in 7.1%, 5.3% and 8.3%, respectively. Compared with 2006, in 2015 there was a higher prevalence of retinopathy (10.3% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.004), abnormal glomerular filtration rate (0% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.04) and abnormal serum creatinine (0% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.02). Predictive risk factors for new retinopathy included diabetes duration (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.3; p = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.0–1.3; p = 0.04). Conclusion: Glycaemic control improved over 10 years, but fell short of recommended targets. Intensive efforts are required to achieve current targets for glycaemic and non-glycaemic control.
Aspects of the relation between Cyanophora paradoxa (Korschikoff) and its endosymbiotic cyanelles Cyanocyta korschikoffiana (Hall & Claus) - I. Growth, ultrastructure, photosynthesis and the obligate nature of the association

Ultrastructural studies of the symbiotic relation between the apochlorotic cryptomonad Cyanophora paradoxa and the cyanobacterium Cyanocyta korschikoffiana have demonstrated that the endosymbiotic cyanobacteria are within host cell vacuoles and possess a highly reduced prokaryotic cell wall which becomes particularly evident during binary fission. Division by the endosymbiotic cyanobacteria was found not to be in synchrony with division by the host cryptomonad. The cyanobacteria divided most rapidly when the host population had reached its asymptote, such that, in cultures in extended stationary phase, it is possible to observe as many as eight cyanobacteria in one host cell. Nutritionally, C. paradoxa was found to be an obligate phototroph; its auxotropic capabilities are confined to acetate and cyanocobalamin. Analysis of the rate of photosynthesis by the intact association demonstrated that saturation occurred at the 140 μE cm-2 s-1 (where E is einstein), and at saturating light intensities, the rate of CO2 fixation was 30 μmol CO2 (mg chl a)-1 h-1. The best rate of CO2 fixation obtained by the isolated cyanobacteria represented 12% of the rate found in the intact association. Two independent methods of analysis showed that at best, only 15% of the carbon fixed by the cyanobacteria was translocated to the host, mostly as glucose and probably sucrose. Studies with metabolic inhibitors directed against the prokaryotic cyanobacteria demonstrated the close interdependence of the host with the endosymbionts, in that disruption of the endosymbionts always resulted in death of the host. Our inability to grow the cyanobacteria away from the host, combined with the apparent inability of the host to survive in the absence of the photosynthetic endosymbiotic cyanobacteria provide strong support for the concept that the association represents a well integrated mutually obligate relation, but the concept that the cyanobacteria are chloroplasts cannot be supported.
Financial Literacy: An Intra-Household Case Study from West Bengal, India

The study is an exercise to identify the presence of intra-household gender disparities in financial literacy levels between male and female decision-makers of the family (identified as male and female household heads) using data from a primary survey conducted in 24 Parganas (North), West Bengal, India. The survey shows the existence of significant intra-household gender gap in financial literacy. We also found that the female household heads with low financial literacy use mass media less intensively. Further, the study identifies that financial literacy is low for respondents in families with low levels of income and asset. Financial literacy improves with the use of mass media and education level. Interestingly, the higher the age of respondents the less are they financially literate. JEL Classifications: D19, J16, G190
Secure Data Transportation With Software-Defined Networking and k-n Secret Sharing for High-Confidence IoT Services

Internet of Things (IoT) has become a critical infrastructure in smart city services. Unlike traditional network nodes, most of the current IoT devices are constrained with limited capabilities. Moreover, frequent changes in the network status (e.g., nodes turns into the sleep mode to save battery) make it even more difficult to set up a stable, secure transmission among smart city IoT devices. On the one hand, these weaknesses make the IoT more vulnerable to attacks, such as data eavesdropping, which can monitor, tamper, and obtain the transporting data. On the other hand, the high-confidence smart city service strongly relies on the security of data transporting among the IoT devices, e.g., data being tempered would reduce the reliability of smart city services and data being monitored or stolen would infringe the privacy of smart city services. Toward high-confidence smart city IoT services, we proposed an approach to secure the data transportation among the smart city IoT devices, which combines a k-n secret-sharing mechanism and software-defined networking (SDN) technique to securely transport IoT data. Specifically, the data are transported by multiple routes calculated by the SDN controller adaptively. Data safety is guaranteed by the all-or-nothing feature of the k-n secret-sharing mechanism. Two SDN-based transmission strategies, which leverage the SDN’s advantages on network management, and scheduling, are applied to overcome the challenges of the unstable network state in IoT. Extensive experiments conducted from many aspects show that the proposed approach can remarkably reduce the attack success rate with reasonable and acceptable overhead.
A study exploring the autism awareness of students attending the department of pre-school teacher education of a public University in Istanbul, Turkey

Objectives: Early detection of autism might largely depend on pre-school teachers’ awareness and their prompt referral of these children to health authorities for accurate diagnosis. The purpose of our study was to assess the awareness about childhood autism among students attending the Department of Pre-school Teacher Education of a public university. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 181 out of 218 students. Results: The best known characteristic of a child having autism was ‘‘having a hard time in social relations’’ (90.1%). The majority (85.6%) of the study group believed that autism was curable and thought that a child having autism could pursue a family life in the future with his/her spouse (51.3%). Around 60.7% of all participants were of the opinion that a child with autism cannot participate in conversations. Conclusion: The idea of a child with autism disturbing the teaching environment (50.8%) exists which might be a very important obstacle for his/her education; thus interfering with his/her treatment. Autism awareness of respondents could be considered to be relatively good among the senior students.
Size, Life-History Traits, and Social Organization in the Canidae: A Reevaluation

Any selective advantages of large body size may be counteracted by an increase in energetic costs associated with reproduction. In canids, larger female body size has been sug- gested to be associated with increasingly altricial young, larger litter sizes, and an increase in female pre- and postpartum energetic investment in offspring. It is hypothesized that the chang- ing costs of reproduction with increasing body size result in a size-related diversity of canid reproductive life histories and social organization. Smaller canid species require less postpartum investment and thus tend toward polygyny and have a skewed dispersal ratio toward males. Larger species, with greater prepartum investment, require greater male investment in the rear- ing of offspring and thus tend to be group living. Using data on canid life histories, a phylogeny of the Canidae based on 383 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA, and an autoregressive compara- tive method, we found this hypothesis was not supported. Strong isometric relationships be- tween neonate weight and female weight indicate that neonate size is constrained by female size directly or by parameters co-varying with female body size. Female weight accounted for only 26% of the variance in litter size, and no correlation was found between litter size and neonate weight. This result implies that female prenatal investment can be adjusted only by litter size (and not by neonate or litter weight), which in turn may be adjusted according to resource availability, an explanation supported by field and laboratory studies. In general, we hypothesize that much of canid interspecific and intraspecific variation in social structure may be explained by focusing on proximate enivironmental mechanisms, specifically resource avail- ability.
SEED GERMINATION RESPONSE AND EVIDENCE FOR HEIGHT ECOPHENES IN SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA FROM NORTH CAROLINA

A B S T R A C T A study was conducted to determine germination response to temperature and salinity and seedling response to salinity by three height forms of the salt marsh grass Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Germination tests showed that seeds cannot withstand drying at moderate temperature, as viability was lost within 40 days in seeds stored dry at 72 F. Cold storage at 43 F is adequate to prevent desiccation up to 40 days, but after 8 months viability is lost. Viability is retained at least 8 months when seeds are stored in sea water at 43 F. Germination response was good in a 65-95 F alternating diurnal thermoperiod but was poor in a 72 F constant thermoperiod. Germination response to salinity was an inverse curvilinear relationship with germination inhibition at high salinities apparently due to osmotic effects. The maximum tolerance limit for germination lies between 6 and 8 % NaCl. Seeds from short, medium, and tall plants responded similarly in storage and temperature studies. However, in salinity studies, seeds of the Ocracoke Island short form and the Oak Island tall form performed best. A logarithmic curve best described seedling growth response to various NaCl levels. Growth response as measured by seedling dry weight was best in 0.5 % NaCl solution. Seedlings grew taller in both 0.5 and 1.0 % NaCl than in 0 % NaCl. No significant difference in seedling growth response due to height form of the parent plant was detected. Thus, on the basis of germination and seedling responses, the height forms of S. alterniflora in North Carolina salt marshes are best described as ecophenes.