Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of the composition of grass silages on milk production and nitrogen utilization by dairy cows

Sixteen varied grass silages metabolizable energy (ME): 9·76 to 11·99 MJ/kg ethanol-corrected toluene dry matter (TDM); crude protein (CP: 149 to 211 g/kg TDM; lactic acid: 3·5 to 134·7 g/kg TDM; butyric acid 0·4 to 46·7 g/kg TDM) were offered ad libitum to early-lactation dairy cows (12 per experiment) along with a fixed allocation of 7 kg/day of a standard concentrate. Four silages were offered in each of four incomplete change-over design experiments with three 21-day periods. This design meant that each cow was allocated to receive three of the four silages evaluated in that experiment. ME intake ranged from 108 to 262 MJ/day (mean 177 (s.d. 30·2)). Similar variation was obtained with milk yields (mean 26·5 (s.d. 4·36) kg/day), fat content (mean 37·7 (s.d. 5·60) g/kg) and protein content (mean 29·0 (s.d. 2·36) g/kg). Urinary purine derivative/creatinine ratio (PD/C), an index of microbial protein measured in spot samples (two per day) averaged 2·92 (s.d. 0·757) mol/mol. Allantoin made up an almost constant molar proportion of PD excretion (mean 0·876 (s.d. 0·0377)), with a small but significant (P < 0·001) decline of 0·0132 (s.d. 0·003) per unit increase in PD/C. Maximal utilization of silage nitrogen occurred with silages having higher ME and lower CP concentrations. Urinary PD/C suggested that microbial protein yield varied in a way which would not be predicted in current schemes and that it was a major source of variation in milk protein yield under the conditions of the present experiment. Principal components regression confirmed independent effects of ME supply and MP supply (indexed by urinary PD/C) on milk protein yield. Further work should pursue the possibility of using the urinary PD/C technique to refine protein feeding at the farm level.
ROSMARINIC ACID AN IMPORTANT PHENOLIC ACTIVE COMPOUND OF LEMON BALM ( MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

Rosmarinic acid is known as the antiviral and antioxidative principle of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). A simple HPLC method was developed to determine the content of this compound. The influence of the plant development phase at harvest time on the content of rosmarinic acid was studied in Melissa leaf samples of Slovak origin. Only slight variability of rosmarinic acid content was observed. Maximal values in the respective leaf drug samples were found in the plant development phase of full flowering (3.91 %).
Decay of Maternally Derived Antibodies and Seroconversion to Respiratory Viral Infection in Pig Herds

This study investigated the decay of maternally derived antibodies to pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and swine influenza virus (SIV) in the pig herds in Taiwan. Additionally, the serological profiles of these viral pathogens were examined in a cross-sectional study of six pig populations. The observed half lives of maternally derived serum neutralization antibodies against PRV and PRRSV were 2.0 and 3.0 weeks, respectively. The estimated times to seronegativity to PRV and PRRSV were 12.2 and 10.4 weeks, respectively. At one week of age, over 80% of pigs were positive for PCV2 and hemagglutinin 1 (H1) SIV antibodies, but antibody decreased to undetectable levels at 11 and 5 weeks of age, respectively. Except for SIV infection, which probably exhibited sporadic, mild to moderate outbreaks, the most common sequence of seroconversion to the viral respiratory infections in the six pig herds appear to be in an order of PCV2, followed by PRRSV and PRV. The results of this study provide basic data needed to design effective vaccination programs and intervention strategies for controlling swine respiratory diseases.
Development of Cognitive Therapy Group Intervention (CTGI) on Resilience among Adolescents

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the validity and reliability of Cognitive Therapy Group Intervention (CTGI) which focuses on the elements of resilience among adolescents with behavioural problems. It is developed based on Cognitive Theory (comment: it’d be more sufficient if you can mention whose theory) and Sidek Module Development Model and consists of eight interventions. Cognitive Therapy Intervention (CTI) manuscripts and a five-item questionnaires were distributed to five content experts to determine the intervention’s validity. The findings reported the validity index of 0.87. The target group were thirty-two adolescents chosen to measure the reliability of each intervention by evaluating the objectives in each intervention session. As a result, a reliability index of 0.85 was obtained. From these two indexes, it is proven that the Cognitive Therapy Group Intervention (CTGI) possesses high validity and good reliability and is ready to be put to use. This implies that, counselling interventions in schools are required in working with adolescents with at risk behaviours.
Temporal Link Prediction Using Node Centrality and Time Series

—Link prediction is an important task in the area of complex networks. Some networks can be better modeled by temporal networks where the patterns of link appearance and disappearance varying with time. However, most of the previous link prediction researches ignore the temporal behaviors of links. The temporal link prediction needs to predict future links via a known network, considering the temporal relationship of node pairs. We propose a method combining the node centrality with time series. We distinguish the contributions of common neighbors to link generation by their centralities. Compared with benchmark approaches in several temporal networks, the proposed method can improve the accuracy of temporal link prediction efficiently.
Using cell line and patient samples to improve predictions of patient drug response

Background Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have facilitated the profiling of large panels of cancer cell lines with responses measured for thousands of drugs. The computational challenge is now to realize the potential of these data in predicting patients’ responses to these drugs in the clinic. Methods We address this issue by examining the spectrum of prediction models of patient response: models predicting directly from cell lines, those predicting directly from patients, and those trained on cell lines and patients at the same time. We tested 21 classification models on four drugs, that are bortezomib, erlotinib, docetaxel and epirubicin, for which clinical trial data were available. Results Our integrative models consistently outperform cell line-based predictors, indicating that there are limitations to the predictive potential of in vitro data alone. Furthermore, these integrative models achieve better predictive accuracy and require substantially fewer patients than would be the case if only patient data were available. Conclusions The integration of in vitro and ex vivo genomic data results in more accurate predictors using only a fraction of the patient information, which can help optimize the development of personalized predictors of therapy response. Altogether our results support the relevance of preclinical data for therapy prediction in clinical trials, enabling more efficient and cost-effective trial design.
Review Alzheimer ß-amyloid peptides: normal and abnormal localization

Summary. Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology is characterized by accumulation of “senile” plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in vulnerable brain regions. SPs are principally composed of aggregates of up to 42/43 amino acid s-amyloid (As) peptides. The discovery of familial AD (FAD) mutations in the genes for the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilins (PSs), all of which increase As42 production, support the view that As is centrally involved in the pathogenesis of AD. As42 aggregates readily, and is thought to seed the formation of fibrils, which then act as templates for plaque formation. As is generated by the sequential intracellular cleavage of APP by ssecretase to generate the N-terminal end of As, and intramembranous cleavage by γ-secretase to generate the C-terminal end. Cell biological studies have demonstrated that As is generated in the ER, Golgi, and endosomal/lysosomal system. A central question involving the role of As in AD concerns how As causes disease and whether it is extracellular As deposition and/or intracellular As accumulation that initiates the disease process. The most prevalent view is that SPs are composed of extracellular deposits of secreted As and that As causes toxicity to surrounding neurons as extracellular SP. The recent emphasis on the intracellular biology of APP and As has led some investigators to consider the possibility that intraneuronal As may directly cause toxicity. In this review we will outline current knowledge of the localization of both intracellular and extracellular As.
Structure and Function of the Cocoon of a Ceratophryd Frog

Lepidobatrachus llanensis (Leptodactylidae) were found to form cocoons when exposed to dry conditions, either in air or soil. We studied the effect of cocoon formation on rates of water loss from intact animals. When first removed from water L. Ilanensis lost water at rates comparable to typical anurans under similar conditions (ca. 8 mg g-lhr-1), but within three to four days the cocoon began to form and water loss decreased 50 to 70% within a week. Rates of water loss from two individuals excavated after 150 days in dry soil were 1.08 and 0.55 mg g-lhr-1, or 7 to 14% of the rates of animals taken directly from water. While burrowed in relatively dry soil, L. llanensis differed from spadefoot toads (S. couchi) in not accumulating high concentrations of urea and thus did not reduce the water potential of their body fluids below that of the soil. Nevertheless, they lost less water and showed smaller increases in plasma electrolytes than did S. couchi under identical conditions.
Survival of dispersing and philopatric yellow-bellied marmots: what is the cost of dispersal?

Understanding the evolution of dispersal has been hindered by a lack of reliable measures of the cost of dispersal. We report that survival of dispersing yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) (0.73) was only 16% less than survival of philopatric marmots (0.87). A cost-benefit analysis reveals that the survival cost of dispersal may be less than some other costs of philopatry; thus, dispersal is explicable as a tactic to improve individual fitness
Deep water bioherms of the scleractinian coral Lophelia pertusa (L.) at 64° n on the Norwegian shelf: Structure and associated megafauna

Abstract Megafauna on bioherms (large biological structures) of the scleractinian coral Lophelia pertusa at 240-290 m depth in the Haltenbanken- Fmyabanken area was investigated by video-recording. Sixteen transects from soft bottom with scattered patches of stones below bioherms to top of bioherms were analysed. Fauna patterns were related to the near-bottom currents. The orientation of the gorgonianParamuricea placomus was used as an indicator of the direction of the main currents at the bioherms. The bioherms were 2 to 31 m high, and had a basal area ranging from 1 500 to 50 600 m2. 36 taxa were identified, of which five taxa only occurred on the bioherms, and five only on the soft bottom with scattered stones. The diversity, H', was highest in the zone of dead Lophelia, and lowest on the silty clay. None of the 26 taxa observed on stones were spesific for this habitat, but occurred also on the bioherms or the soft bottom. The area with Lophelia rubble, near the basis of the bioherms, had the lowest nu.
A Comparative Study of the Appendicular Mus- culature of the Order Ciconiiformes

The gross anatomy of all the appendicular muscles is compared in 21 genera, representing all but one of the families (Scopi- dae) of the Order Ciconiiformes. Nycticorax nycticorax is used as the type for which most muscles are described. In some cases the descrip- tions are based on Eudocimus albus. Salient features of other taxa, as they differ from the condition found in these genera, are given. Some functional considerations of these salient features and some general com- ments pertaining to ciconiiform taxonomy are included.
A new species of the genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae) from Argentina

Fil: Rios Tamayo, Duniesky. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Tucuman; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto Superior de Entomologia; Argentina
Antioxidant potential and health benefits of cumin

Cumin (Cuminumcyminum) is an important and popular spice locally known as ‘zeera’ that is used for culinary purpose due to its special aromatic effect. Cumin is a traditional and much used spice from Middle Ages because it was an icon of love and fidelity. The proximate analysis of the cumin seeds reveals that they contain fixed oil, volatile oils, acids, essential oils, protein and other elements. Cumin contains some important components such as pinene, cymene, terpinene, cuminaldehyde, oleoresin, thymol and others that have shown their efficacy against various diseases. It is an important source of energy, strengthens immune system, gives protection against many diseases.The total phenolic content of methanolic extracts of different cumin varieties (cumin, black cumin and bitter cumin) range from 4.1 to 53.6 mg/g dry weight. In this comprehensive review, focus is on the nutritional, antioxidant and pharmacological properties of cumin.
Effect of chemically amended litter on litter quality and broiler performance in winter

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of different types of litter amendments on litter quality and broiler performance during winter (December–January). A total number of 180, day-old (Vencobb) broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three equal groups. One bearing control group and other two comprise litter amendments with alum (ATL) and sodium bisulphate (SBTL) treatment groups, each having 60 birds in three replications of 20 numbers for 6 weeks. The findings of the study revealed significant variation (p < .05) in the moisture content and pH of the control and treated litter. This clearly indicates the efficiency of litter treatment products improving the quality of litter thus in turn the ambient environment for the bird. The average body weight was significantly highest (p < .05) in the SBTL group (1912 g) followed closely by the ATL group (1865 g) in comparison to the control group (1822 g) at the end of sixth week. The growing chicks gained significantly (p < .05) more body weight with better FCR, PER, EER and survivability in respective order of succession. The overall hygiene of the broiler chicks was better with less cake formation and without any foot pad dermatitis or breast blister lesion in the treatment groups. Thus it can be concluded that litter amendment with alum (ATL) and sodium bisulphate (SBTL) treatment had significant influence on quality of litter and in turn improved the performances of broiler chicks without any adverse effect.
Potentiality of Binucleate Rhizoctonia Isolates as Root Rot Causing Pathogens on Faba Bean

he present study was conducted to identify and determine the pathogenic capabilities of 78 binucleate Rhizoctonia isolates isolated from faba bean plants showing root rot and stem canker symptoms. Identification, depending on morphological features, has proved that isolates represented as: two isolates Rhizoctonia calle, 26 isolates R. fumigata, 48 isolates R. cerealis and two species are still unidentified due to edict of identification key. In vitro pathogenicity test was achieved for all binucleate isolates comparing with one accurate identified polynucleate Rhizoctonia solani (AG4-HGI). All isolates were found to be pathogenic and most of them showed the same degree of pathogenicity as R. solani. Potentiality of the most aggressive 4 isolates (belonging to R. cerealis) on faba bean as the causal of root rot was assessed comparing with polynucleate R. solani on disease incidence and on plant growth characters under greenhouse conditions. Binucleate tested isolates showed significantly greater disease incidence, and showed significant depressed effect on both shoots and roots compared with control. Results indicated the importance of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. as causal agents of faba bean root rot.
Attachment and survival of viruses on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L.): role of physicochemical and biotic factors

Attachment and Survival of Viruses on Lettuce (Lactuca L. sativa var. capitata L.): Role of Physicochemical and Biotic Factors (August 2006) Everardo Vega, B.S., University of Texas at El Paso Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Suresh D. Pillai Enteric viruses are responsible for a significant amount of foodborne disease in the United States. Foodborne disease associated with enteric viruses has been increasing within the last few years due to technological advances and raised awareness. Salads and salad crops are the principal vector for transmission of enteric viruses. The objective of this study was to determine if viruses are able to attach non-specifically to the surface of lettuce and to determine the forces responsible for non-specific viral adsorption to lettuce. Additionally, the impact of the microbial flora on viral persistence was studied to determine the effect on viruses. The four viruses studied were echovirus 11, feline calicivirus, MS2 and φX174. The viruses were chosen based on their varying isoelectric points and similar physicochemical attributes. The isoelectric point was not the main factor determining virus attachment to lettuce. Viruses had varying attachment efficiencies, with echovirus 11 having the highest affinity to lettuce and φX174 the least. Viral adsorption to lettuce was mediated by electrostatic forces due to the removal of virus adsorption at pH 7 and 8 with the addition of 1 M NaCl to the buffer solutions. Microcosm studies indicated that the microbial flora did not
Sterols and sterol glycosides from the leaves of Gynura procumbens

A mixture of sterols containing and stigmasterol (1), and sterol glycosides containing and stigmasterol (2) were isolated from the leaves of Gynura procumbens. After acetylation of 2 with pyridine-acetic anhydride, ${\beta}>-sitosterol$ (3) was isolated.
A Sequence Rules Analysis on Active and Passive LCL filter for Three-Phase Inverter-Grid Connection for Damping Stability Consideration

This paper delivers steps on sequence analysis of the internal damping stability, which complies with a systematic design methodology for the LCL -type filter for the inverter-grid system. The use of the power inverter is significantly vital to transfer the energy from renewable energy sources to the existing electrical grid. Therefore, it is essential to model a non-response LCL -filter parameters value that not compromise the filter effectiveness and provides pure current waveform for a harmonic reduction before the current been injected to the grid. At the same time, LCL filter also must have stable damping performance that able to attenuate the high resonance peak and simultaneously offer better high-frequencies attenuation ability. To verify the selected inductor and capacitor in LCL , a passive and actively damping analysis methods are comparatively studied. In the end, the simulation results show significant evidence that by following each sequence steps provided in this paper for modelling and selection of vulnerable coefficient for LCL has been verified through a MATLAB/Simulink software platform which given a better signal current output, maintaining the cutoff frequency signal and reducing the Total Harmonics Distortions (THD) below the IEEE Standard
Morphometric Dimentions of the Genitalia of Savanna Brown Goats between Day 24 and 30 Postpartum.

This study was carried out to determine changes in ovarian and uterine dimensions in Savanna Brown (SB) goats between days 24 and 30 postpartum (pp). The mean (± sem) weight of the right ovary (ROV) was significantly higher (P 0.3 cm in diameter in the ROV was higher (P< 0.05) at day 30 pp than day 26 pp. Mean weight of FF from the left ovary (LOV) was heavier (P< 0.05) than from the ROV during the period of study. The inter-caruncular distance in both the right (Rh) and left (Lh) uterine horns was longer (P< 0.05) at day 30 pp. The left oviduct was longer (P <0.05) than the right oviduct at day 30 pp. It is concluded that pp ovarian follicle activity was higher in the ROV than LOV and inter-carunucular distance and left oviductal length were significantly longer between days 28 and 30 pp.
Effects of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor α and androstenedione on follicular growth and aromatization in culture

The effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) and androstenedione on follicular growth and oestradiol production were studied in cultured mouse preantral follicles. Cultured follicles in the control group showed growth and steroidogenic capacities up to the antral follicle stage at day 4 of culture. However, many of these follicles failed to resume their growth during the culture. Increasing concentrations of EGF and TGF alpha decreased the number of follicles reaching the large antral stage at day 4 of culture. All treatments with EGF, TGF alpha and androstenedione caused significant inhibitions in both follicular growth and oestradiol production, regardless of the dose used (1-20 ng/ml). Moreover, no synergistic effect between androstenedione and either of the two growth factors was observed. These results suggest that EGF, TGF alpha and/or androstenedione may play important roles in the modulation of gonadotrophin-controlled ovarian function. The effects observed in this study suggest that the aberration in the regulation of these growth factors may result in the creation and maintenance of certain ovarian disorders, such as the polycystic ovarian disease.