Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soft, Oxidative Stripping of Alkyl Thiolate Ligands from Hydroxyapatite-Supported Gold Nanoclusters for Oxidation Reactions.

A strategy for the mild deprotection of alkyl-thiolated (6-mercaptohexanoic acid, MHA, and 3-mercaptopropanoic acid, MPA) gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) supported on hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been developed by employing a peroxide (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, TBHP, or hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) as an oxidant. The thiol ligands on the supported Au NCs were removed after oxidation, and the size and integrity of the supported clusters were well-preserved. The bare gold clusters on HAP after removal of the ligands were catalytically effective for the epoxidation of styrene and the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. These two reactions were also investigated on calcined Au NCs that were supported on HAP for comparison, and the resulting Au NCs that were prepared by using this new strategy showed superior catalytic activity.
Depsipeptide enhances imatinib mesylate-induced apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-positive cells and ectopic expression of cyclin D1, c-Myc or active MEK abrogates this effect.

BACKGROUND Imatinib mesylate (ST1571) is the first-line drugfor chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but development of resistance to this drug is a clinical problem. To explore the effective use of ST1571, we studied the combination treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitor (depsipeptide, FK228). MATERIALS AND METHODS FK228 and trichostatin A (TSA) were studied with respect to apoptosis of two Bcr-Abl-positive cell lines, K562 and TCC-S. Genetically-modified K562 cells by any of cyclin D1, c-Myc and active MEK genes were also studied. Apoptosis was examined by nuclear-morphology under a fluorescent microscope and by the expression of annexin V Changes of apoptosis-regulating genes and acetylated histone H4 were studied by immunoblot. RESULTS FK228 showed cytotoxicity at the nano-molar level. Combination treatment with STI571 and FK228 enhanced the induction of apoptosis significantly compared with each single treatment, although the histone acetylation level was not changed by the co-treatment. The combination treatment activated caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, but it did not induce any notable change in the expression of Bcl-XL, Bcl-2 and Bax compared with each single treatment. Enhanced apoptosis by the co-treatment was abrogated by ectopic expression of cyclin D1, c-Myc or active MEK CONCLUSION: The combination of FK228 with STI571 is a promising treatment for Bcr-Abl-positive CML, but the activation of the MEK/ERK pathway and its downstream target genes may bring resistance to the co-treatment in leukemic cells.
Molecule s of Interest myo-Inositol-1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6-hexa kis phosphate

myo-Inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (Ins P6) was first described as an abundant form of phosphorus in plant seeds and other plant tissues and dubbed ‘‘phytic acid’’. Subsequently it was found to be a common constituent in eukaryotic cells, its metabolism a basic component of cellular housekeeping. In addition to phosphate, myo-inositol (Ins) and mineral storage and retrieval in plant organs and tissues, other roles for Ins P6 include service as a major metabolic pool in Ins phosphate and pyrophosphate pathways involved in signaling and regulation; possibly as an effector or ligand in these processes; as a form of energy currency and in ATP regeneration; in RNA export and DNA repair; and as an anti-oxidant. The relatively recent demonstration that pyrophosphate-containing derivatives of Ins P6 can function as phosphate donors in the regeneration of ATP is reminiscent of the proposal, made four decades ago in studies of seed development, that Ins P6 itself may serve in this function. Studies of Ins P6 in non-plant systems rarely include the consideration that this compound might represent a significant fraction of cellular P; cellular phosphate nutrition has been viewed as either not interesting or of little importance. However, there may be few fundamental differences among diverse eukaryotes in both the metabolic pathways involving Ins P6 and the spectrum of possible roles for it and its metabolites. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in the 40 to 80 year‐old population in Yazd, Iran: The Yazd Eye Study 伊朗亚兹德省40至80岁人群的糖尿病视网膜病变患病率以及危险因素：亚兹德眼病研究

The Wisconsin study reported that the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) have been decreasing in Western countries. However, it remains uncertain whether developing countries are also experiencing similar trends. In addition, the increase in diabetes, especially in developing countries, indicates a likely increase in the prevalence of complications such as DR. A recent population-based study in Saudi Arabia reported high prevalences of diabetes (29.7%) and DR among patients with diabetes (36.8%). Therefore, more robust studies are required to fully elucidate the pooled pattern and trends of DR in the Middle East. The Iranian national program for the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes was designed in 1996. This program recommends community screening be performed every 3 years with monthly follow-up for individuals with diabetes to ensure proper diabetic control. However, the coverage, efficacy, and utilization of this program at the community level have not been assessed properly. The current study was performed to clarify the prevalence and risk factors of DR in Yazd, a district in central Iran.
Advances in understanding the peripheral circadian clocks

In the past decade, it has become increasingly evident that the circadian clock system plays an important role in many physiological processes. The circadian clock can be divided into 2 parts: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, which receives light cues, and the peripheral clocks that reside in various tissues throughout the body. The peripheral clocks play an integral and unique role in each of their respective tissues, driving the circadian expression of specific genes involved in a variety of physiological functions. The goal of this review is to provide an introduction to and overview of the peripheral clocks, including potential mechanisms, targets, and implications for disease states. The peripheral clocks include the cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems. — Richards, J., Gumz, M. L. Advances in understanding the peripheral circadian clocks. FASEB J. 26, 3602–3613 (2012). www.fasebj. org
Is the New Madrid seismic zone hotter and weaker than its surroundings

A fundamental question about continental intraplate earthquakes is why they are where they are. For example, why are the New Madrid seismic zone earthquakes concentrated on the Reelfoot rift when the continent contains many fossil structures that would seem equally likely candidates for concentrated seismicity? A key to answering this question is understanding of the thermal-mechanical structure of the seismic zone. If it is hotter and thus weaker than surrounding regions, it is likely to be a long-lived weak zone on which intraplate strain release concentrates. Alternatively, if it is not signifi cantly hotter and weaker than its surroundings, the seismicity is likely to be a transient phenomenon that migrates among many similar fossil weak zones. These different models have important implications for the mechanics of the seismic zone, stress evolution after and between large earthquakes, and seismic hazard assessment. The sparse heat-fl ow data in the New Madrid area can be interpreted as supporting either hypothesis. There is a possible small elevation of heat fl ow in the area compared to its surroundings, depending on the New Madrid and regional averages chosen. The inferred high heat fl ow has been interpreted as indicating that the crust and upper mantle are signifi cantly hotter and thus signifi cantly weaker than surrounding areas of the central and eastern United States. In this model, the weak lower crust and mantle concentrate stress and seismicity in the upper crust. However, reanalysis of the heat fl ow indicates that the anomaly is either absent or much smaller (3 ± 15 rather than mW m –2 ) than assumed in the previous analyses, leading to much smaller (~90%) temperature anomalies and essentially the same lithospheric strength. Moreover, if a small heat-fl ow anomaly exists, it may result from groundwater fl ow in the rift’s fractured upper crust, rather than higher temperatures. The latter interpretation seems more consistent with studies that fi nd low seismic velocities only in parts of the seismic zone and at shallow depths. Hence, although the question
Hepatotoxicity in albino rats exposed to n‐octane and n‐nonane

Effects of n‐octane and n‐nonane (1 ml per kg body weight daily) on hepatic and serum enzymes, which reflect abnormal liver function and concentration of lipid and nucleic acid (serum and liver), were studied after 2 and 7 days intraperitoneal administration to albino rats. Decreased activities of serum acetylcholine esterase and carboxyl esterase were observed, together with an increase in FDP aldolase activity. Significant decrease in the concentration of albumin, total protein, and total and esterified cholesterol in serum have been noted after n‐octane and n‐nonane administration for 7 days. Also, free cholesterol content of liver was elevated significantly after solvents exposure.
A Dual-Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna Using an Artificial Magnetic Conductor

A dual-wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna was proposed based on the strategy of combining multimode resonances. The primary radiators were two barbed-shape dipoles and two bowtie dipoles printed on the same substrate. They were placed over an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) for the low-profile antenna design purpose. Properly combining the fundamental mode of the barbed-shape dipole, the bowtie mode, the slot mode, the second mode of a barbed-shape dipole, and extra resonance generated by the AMC surface, a dual-wideband operation can be achieved. The final design with an overall size of 0. 64λo × 0. 64λo × 0. 16λo at 2.4 GHz had measured impedance bandwidth of 40% (2-3 GHz) and 49.5% (3.8-6.3 GHz) for the lower and upper bands, respectively. The measured 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidths were 19.3% (2.25-2.73 GHz) and 33.8% (4.3-6.05 GHz) for the lower and upper bands, respectively. The antenna performed an average gain of about 6.6 dBic across the low CP region and 7.4 dBic across the high CP region.
One Bit Mouse for Virtual Reality

Due to the dominance of physical and cognitive health problems the group of growing age people is becoming promising in the entire population. Nowadays, Virtual reality is an emerging paradigm that is trying in context to enhance their independence and quality of life. But it is not so easy to interact with the VR applications. When you wear the virtual glasses you won't be able to see the physical world in real. The common user problem is to use the input devices (keyboard, mouse, remote control) to change the menu and access the different features of VR. But in case of people with special needs they will not be able to handle interaction with such devices. To make maximum use of virtual reality technique effective, we are proposing one bit virtual mouse. By using one key, virtual mouse provides the control access to VR application with ease as well as training environment for the users. The primary evaluation of the system is done with the experiment. The post experiment results and disable people feedback show performance of the system is satisfactory.
Quality Assessment in Point-of-Care Coagulation Testing

Point-of-care (POC) testing in the field of hemostasis is rapidly expanding in many countries. This includes use of global tests of hemostasis in operating theaters and especially use of POC monitors for determination of the international normalized ratio (INR) for monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy. Issues related to internal quality control and external quality assessment for these devices are reviewed. Data from external quality assessment exercises involving users of several different POC-INR devices is described, and use of split samples where a patient sample is analyzed by both a POC device and by a conventional laboratory method is described.
Oral therapy for acute diarrhea. The underused simple solution.

IN an editorial in the Journal in 1982,1 Charles Carpenter wrote: We physicians all presumably accept the "primum non nocere" principle. On the basis of. studies. this principle would dictate that oral rehydration be accepted not only as an equal, but perhaps as the superior, means of treating acute diarrheal illnesses in the sophisticated and sanitized medical centers of the Western world as well as in rural Bangladesh. Despite such editorials based on the large volume of research data available and despite the endorsements of such organizations as the American Academy of Pediatrics, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the .
Content Based Sampling over Transactional Data Streams

— This paper investigates the problem of sampling from transactional data streams. We introduce CFISDS as a content based sampling algorithm that works on a landmark window model of data streams and preserve more informed sample in sample space. This algorithm that work based on closed frequent itemset mining tasks, first initiate a concept lattice using initial data, then update lattice structure using an incremental mechanism.Incremental mechanism insert, update and delete nodes in/from concept lattice in batch manner. Presented algorithm extracts the final samples on demand of user. Experimental results show the accuracy of CFISDS on synthetic and real datasets, despite on CFISDS algorithm is not faster than exist sampling algorithms such as Z and DSS.
H∞ control versus disturbance-observer-based control

In the motion control field, a disturbance observer-based disturbance canceling control is often used as a robust control methodology. However, this method is nothing more than an alternative design of an integral controller, and the robust stability issue cannot be directly accounted for. In this paper, an extended H/sub /spl infin// control scheme is proposed as a new robust motion control method which achieves the disturbance cancellation ability and guarantees robust stability automatically.
Acute Focal Ischemia-Induced Alterations in MAP2 Immunostaining: Description of Temporal Changes and Utilization as a Marker for Volumetric Assessment of Acute Brain Injury

The utility of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunostaining as a marker of acute focal ischemic injury was investigated. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) elicited a rapid reduction in MAP2 immunostaining that was visible 1 h post-MCAO and that increased in intensity and area encompassed over time. The ischemic lesion borders were well defined by loss of MAP2 immunostaining, but alterations in staining within the lesion were more heterogeneous. Lesion volume increased significantly from 1 to 4 h post-MCAO (from 63.8 ± 10.8 to 111.3 ± 19.0 mm3, mean ± SD). Thus, MAP2 immunostaining is a sensitive, quantifiable indicator of acute brain injury following focal ischemia.
Happy Distraction: Positive Affect Broadens Attention to Irrelevant Information

The present study investigated the claim that positive mood broadens the scope of attention to include irrelevant information, and if so, whether this loosening of attentional control has longer term cognitive consequences. In Experiment 1, participants in an induced happy mood were more influenced by distracting information that interfered with responses in the global-local task, particularly when this information was global in nature. Experiment 2 demonstrated that, when previously irrelevant information became solutions on a subsequent task, implicit memory for this distraction was positively correlated with naturally-occurring positive mood. This study corroborates findings that individuals in a happy mood are more affected by distracting irrelevant information. Furthermore, this widened scope of attention can facilitate performance on a subsequent task, a finding with implications for the relationship between positive mood and creativity.
Automated detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy from retinal images

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular disease associated with diabetes and it is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide. Diabetic patients regularly attend retinal screening in which digital retinal images are captured. These images undergo thorough analysis by trained individuals, which can be a very time consuming and costly task due to the large diabetic population. Therefore, this is a field that would greatly benefit from the introduction of automated detection systems. This project aims to automatically detect proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which is the most advanced stage of the disease and poses a high risk of severe visual impairment. The hallmark of PDR is neovascularisation, the growth of abnormal new vessels. Their tortuous, convoluted and obscure appearance can make them difficult to detect. In this thesis, we present a methodology based on the novel approach of creating two different segmented vessel maps. Segmentation methods include a standard line operator approach and a novel modified line operator approach. The former targets the accurate segmentation of new vessels and the latter targets the reduction of false responses to non-vessel edges. Both generated binary vessel maps hold vital information which is processed separately using a dual classification framework. Features are measured from each binary vessel map to produce two separate feature sets. Independent classification is performed for each feature set using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The system then combines these individual classification outcomes to produce a final decision. The proposed methodology, using a dataset of 60 images, achieves a sensitivity of 100.00% and a specificity of 92.50% on a per image basis and a sensitivity of 87.93% and a specificity of 94.40% on a per patch basis. The thesis also presents an investigation into the search for the most suitable features for the classification of PDR. This entails the expansion of the feature vector, followed by feature selection using a genetic algorithm based approach. This provides an improvement in results, which now stand at a sensitivity and specificity 3 of 100.00% and 97.50% respectively on a per image basis and 91.38% and 96.00% respectively on a per patch basis. A final extension to the project sees the framework of dual classification further explored, by comparing the results of dual SVM classification with dual ensemble classification. The results of the dual ensemble approach are deemed inferior, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 100.00% and 95.00% respectively on a per image basis and 81.03% and 95.20% respectively on a per patch basis.
Insulin Glargine: A New Basal Insulin

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, dosing guidelines, adverse effects, drug interactions, and clinical efficacy of insulin glargine. DATA SOURCES: Primary and review articles regarding insulin glargine were identified by MEDLINE search (1966–July 2001); abstracts were identified through Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science (1995–July 2001) and the American Diabetes Association. Additional information was obtained from the insulin glargine product information. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All of the articles and meeting abstracts identified from the data sources were evaluated, and all information deemed relevant was included in this review. Priority was placed on data from the primary medical literature. DATA SYNTHESIS: Insulin glargine is a long-acting, recombinant human insulin analog that is given once daily as a basal source of insulin in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Modification of the basic insulin structure has produced a new insulin that is soluble at an acidic pH, but precipitates in the subcutaneous tissue and is slowly released from a depot. Insulin glargine has a slower onset of action than NPH insulin and a longer duration of action with no peak activity. Once-daily administration of insulin glargine has comparable efficacy to that of NPH insulin administered once or twice daily in basal-bolus regimens when used in combination with intermittent doses of regular insulin or insulin lispro in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and in conjunction with oral antidiabetic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. Overall, insulin glargine has an incidence of hypoglycemia comparable to or less than that of NPH insulin, with a reduced incidence of nocturnal hypoglycemia compared with NPH insulin seen in some studies. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analog capable of providing 24-hour basal insulin coverage when administered once daily at bedtime. Its activity profile, which lacks a pronounced peak, more closely resembles that of endogenous basal insulin than that of other intermediate- or long-acting insulins and appears more likely to be associated with a reduced incidence of hypoglycemia, particularly nocturnal hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine physiologically provides basal insulin but, for most patients, the addition of a rapid-acting insulin, like insulin lispro, before or with meals will need to be included in the treatment regimen to achieve optimal management of blood glucose concentrations.
DictaNum: a dialogue system for numbers dictation (DictaNum : système de dialogue incrémental pour la dictée de numéros.) [in French]

Incremental dialogue strategies are more reactive, offer a better user experience and reduce desynchronisation risks. However, incremental dialogue systems are based on architectures that are long, difficult and hence costly to implement. In order to make this architecture evolution easier, we suggest to simulate incremental behavior by adding a new layer to an existing traditional service. DictaNum is an incremental dialogue demonstrator that uses this approach. It collects numbers dictated by the user. Thanks to its incremental behavior, it makes it possible to rapidly correct errors on the fly. Mots-clés : Systèmes de Dialogue, Traitement Incrémental, Architecture des Systèmes de Dialogue.
LPS-pretreated bone marrow stem cells as potential treatment for myocardial infraction.

The purpose of this study is too investigate the distribution, the number, and the survival time of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), implanted in rats with myocardial infarction (MI), that were initially pretreated with low dose of LPS. Adult rats were randomly divided into control group, the MI group, 0.1, 1 and 5 mg/kg LPS-pretreated groups. Following the injection of CM-Dil labeled into the mid left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in the left ventricle wall, the number and survival time of red fluorescent labeled BMSCs were determined in the myocardial infarction 48h, 1, 3, and 4 weeks post-injection. In addition, BMSC cell survival and apoptosis as well as the expression of associated proteins were also studied. After 1 week, the number of red fluorescent cells decreased significantly in MI group and 0.1mg/kg LPS groups, and the decrease was more obvious in 5mg/kg LPS group. However, a large number of BMSCs was apparent in 1mg/kg LPS group, the survival of positive cells was higher than MI group (P less than 0.05), part of the transplanted stem cells migrated into the injured area of the myocardial tissue, and in the injury centers more cardiac stem cells were grouped together. Following 3-4 weeks post-implantation of BMSCs, fluorescence almost disappeared in MI group , while it was still present and scattered in 1mg/kgLPS. Furthermore, while BMSCs showed low survival rate in the MI group, reduced apoptosis was observed in low-dose LPS groups.