Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Komplikationen und Folgeeingriffe nach koronaren Prozeduren in der klinischen Routine

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Angaben zu Komplikationen und Folgeeingriffen innerhalb eines Jahres nach Koronarangiographien und perkutanen Koronarinterventionen (PCI) liegen für die klinische Routine in Deutschland kaum vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Ermittlung dieser Ereignisse im Behandlungsverlauf. Methoden: Die Analyse wurde mit Abrechungsdaten der AOK des Jahres 2009 durchgeführt. Es wurden 3 Patientengruppen gebildet: 1) Koronarangiographie, ohne Herz-OP, ohne Herzinfarkt (N=116 071); 2) PCI mit Stent, ohne Herzinfarkt: (N=36 685); 3) PCI mit Stent, mit Herzinfarkt: (N=32 707). Für die Endpunkte „major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events“ (MACCE) (Sterblichkeit, Herzinfarkt, Hirninfarkt, TIA), Bypass-OP, PCI und Koronarangiographien wurde die Häufigkeit im Follow-up bis zu einem Jahr ermittelt. Ergebnisse: Die 1-Jahres-MACCE-Rate betrug in der Koronarangiographie- 8,1 % und in den PCI-Gruppen 9,9 % (ohne Herzinfarkt) bzw. 17,9 % (mit Herzinfarkt). Qualitätsrelevante Folgeeingriffe in der Koronarangiographie-Gruppe waren zu 2,5 % eine Bypass-OP (31–365 Tage) zu 1,7 % eine PCI (innerhalb 90 Tage) und zu 3,5 % eine erneute Koronarangiographie innerhalb eines Jahres. In den PCI-Gruppen wurde bei 1,6 % (ohne Herzinfarkt) bzw. 2,7 % (mit Herzinfarkt) eine Bypass-OP durchgeführt (innerhalb 31–365 Tage); eine PCI (innerhalb 91–365 Tagen) erfolgte bei 10,2 % (ohne Herzinfarkt) bzw. 10,1 % (mit Herzinfarkt). Folgerungen: Die vorliegende Arbeit ist die erste sektorenübergreifende Routinedatenanalyse von Herzkatheter-Folgeereignissen bis zu einem Jahr in Deutschland. Die Versorgungsrealität offenbarte Erkenntnisse insbesondere im Hinblick auf Zweit- und Folgeeingriffe, die so nicht unmittelbar aus den medizinischen Leitlinien abzuleiten sind. Jenseits von klinischen Studien können so Erkenntnisse gewonnen werden, die medizinisch und gesundheitspolitisch relevant sind.
Current Nitrogen Fixation Is Involved in the Regulation of Nitrogenase Activity in White Clover (Trifolium repens L.)

Previous studies have shown that nitrogenase activity decreases dramatically after defoliation, presumably because of an increase in the O2 diffusion resistance in the infected nodules. It is not known how this O2 diffusion resistance is regulated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that current N2 fixation (ongoing flux of N2 through nitrogenase) is involved in the regulation of nitrogenase activity in white clover (Trifolium repens L. cv Ladino) nodules. We compared the nitrogenase activity of plants that were prevented from fixing N2 (by continuous exposure of their nodulated root system to an Ar:O2 [80:20] atmosphere) with that of plants allowed to fix N2 (those exposed to N2:O2, 80:20). Nitrogenase activity was determined as the amount of H2 evolved under Ar:O2. An open flow system was used. In experiment I, 6 h after complete defoliation and the continuous prevention of N2 fixation, nitrogenase activity was higher by a factor of 2 compared with that in plants allowed to fix N2 after leaf removal. This higher nitrogenase activity was associated with a lower O2 limitation (measured as the partial pressure of O2 required for highest nitrogenase activity). In experiment II, the nitrogenase activity of plants prevented from fixing N2 for 2 h before leaf removal showed no response to defoliation. The extent to which nitrogenase activity responded to defoliation was different in plants allowed to fix N2 and those that were prevented from doing so in both experiments. This leads to the conclusion that current N2 fixation is directly involved in the regulation of nitrogenase activity. It is suggested that an N feedback mechanism triggers such a response as a result of the loss of the plant's N sink strength after defoliation. This concept offers an alternative to other hypotheses (e.g. interruption of current photosynthesis, carbohydrate deprivation) that have been proposed to explain the immediate decrease in nitrogenase activity after defoliation.
[Cost utility of renal transplant vs. hemodialysis in the treatment of end stage chronic kidney failure in a Peruvian hospital].

OBJECTIVES To assess and compare the cost utility of the cadaveric donor renal transplant (CDRT) at the Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen between 2000 to 2001, against haemodialysis (HD), 5 years after treatment initiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cost utility study design was used, which evaluated every patient continuing treatment after 5 years of having the CDRT done, and 2 controls consisting in patients having received HD for 5 years, matched by age, sex and disease duration. The costs of each procedure and their Quality-adjusted life years (QALY´s) were evaluated using the questionnaire of quality of life SF-36v2(TM), finally calculating the cost utility (CU) and incremental cost utility (ICU) ratios. RESULTS Fifty-eight CDRT were performed between 2000-1. Five years later, 17 (29%) patients died and only 27 (47%) continued the treatment after CDRT. Out of the 31 patients (53%) having treatment failures, 26% rejected the transplant, 55% presented a complication and 19% were irregular. The mean SF-36v2(TM) scores obtained by the CDRT and HD patients were 95±12 and 87±18 points, respectively. The QALYs obtained by the CDRT and HD groups were 251 and 229 points, respectively; the CU ratios for the CDRT and HD were USD 11,984 and USD 9,243; and the ICU ratio for the period was USD 40,669. CONCLUSIONS CDRTs performed during the years 2000-1 at the HNGAI, were 5 years later surprisingly less cost effective than the HD and CDRT´s performed at year 2000 had a lower incremental cost utility ratio that those performed the 2001, probably because of the highest rate of irregular treatment.
Adaptive algorithms for group interference suppression for differential spatial multiplexing

Recently, we have proposed a novel differential space-time (DST) architecture (Cheung, S.K. and Schober, R., IEEE Wireless Commun. and Networking Conf., WCNC, 2004) which is much more robust against carrier phase variations than corresponding coherent ST schemes (Tarokh, V. and Lo, T.K.Y., 1998; Tarokh et al., 1999; Su, H.-J. and Geraniotis, E., 2002). To achieve a linear decoding complexity, we employ group interference suppression (GIS) and subsequent decision-feedback differential detection (DF-DD) at the receiver. The optimization of the GIS filters requires a generalized eigendecomposition of two correlation matrices. In order to reduce the computational complexity, we devise three efficient adaptive algorithms for generalized eigendecomposition. These algorithms are shown to have excellent convergence properties, and preserve the robustness of the proposed DST scheme against carrier phase variations.
A Novel Biasing Technique for Low Adjacent Channel Power in Microwave Power Amplifiers

The proposed biasing technique is to change the DC quiescent point of the microwave power amplifiers self- adaptively with the input power. It not only manipulates the position of the third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) minimum dynamically, but also manages the DC bias power of the power amplifier adaptively. Therefore, the adjacent channel power can be reduced under the specified level, while the power consumption of the amplifier can be minimized. For the operation power ranging from 0.1 W to 0.5 W, a constant IMD3 of -25 dBm with above 25% of DC-to-RF conversion efficiency are achieved in a 1.95 GHz Class A power amplifier.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes as Targets for Neuroprotective Drugs

Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors have been considered as potential targets for neuroprotective drugs, but the lack of specific drugs has limited the development of neuroprotective strategies in experimental models of acute or chronic central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The advent of potent and centrally available subtype-selective ligands has overcome this limitation, leading to an extensive investigation of the role of mGlu receptor subtypes in neurodegeneration during the last 2 years. Examples of these drugs are the noncompetitive mGlu1 receptor antagonists, CPCCOEt and BAY-36-7620; the noncompetitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists, 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine, SIB-1893, and SIB-1757; and the potent mGlu2/3 receptor agonists, LY354740 and LY379268. Pharmacologic blockade of mGlu1 or mGlu5 receptors or pharmacologic activation of mGlu2/3 or mGlu4/7/8 receptors produces neuroprotection in a variety of in vitro or in vivo models. MGlu1 receptor antagonists are promising drugs for the treatment of brain ischemia or for the prophylaxis of neuronal damage induced by synaptic hyperactivity. MGlu5 receptor antagonists may limit neuronal damage induced by a hyperactivity of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, because mGlu5 and NMDA receptors are physically and functionally connected in neuronal membranes. A series of observations suggest a potential application of mGlu5 receptor antagonists in chronic neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. MGlu2/3 receptor agonists inhibit glutamate release, but also promote the synthesis and release of neurotrophic factors in astrocytes. These drugs may therefore have a broad application as neuroprotective agents in a variety of CNS disorders. Finally, mGlu4/7/8 receptor agonists potently inhibit glutamate release and have a potential application in seizure disorders. The advantage of all these drugs with respect to NMDA or AMPA receptor agonists derives from the evidence that mGlu receptors do not “mediate,” but rather “modulate” excitatory synaptic transmission. Therefore, it can be expected that mGlu receptor ligands are devoid of the undesirable effects resulting from the inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission, such as sedation or an impairment of learning and memory.
Cathepsin G and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in the local host reaction to loosening of total hip prostheses.

The tissue localization and content of the proteolytic enzyme cathepsin G and its inhibitor alpha 1-antichymotrypsin were studied in the local host reaction to loosening of total hip-replacement prostheses in eleven patients and were compared with those in samples of non-inflammatory tissue from the synovial capsule obtained during arthroscopies of the knee. Immunostaining demonstrated cellular localization of cathepsin G in 71 per cent of monocyte or macrophage-like cells and in 46 per cent of fibroblast-like cells in the samples of interface tissue between the bone and the loose acetabular component obtained at the time of the total hip replacements, and in 59 and 42 per cent, respectively, in the samples of pseudocapsular tissue obtained at the same time, whereas the synovial lining cells in the samples of non-inflammatory tissue from the synovial capsule revealed only a slight immunoreactivity to cathepsin G. Cathepsin-G activity was also measured with synthetic succinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine-paranitroanilide as a substrate, the degradation of which was monitored spectrophotometrically. In accordance with results from immunohistochemical studies, cathepsin-G activity was found in the samples of interface tissue (31.6 international units per liter) and the samples of pseudocapsular tissue (15.5 international units per liter) obtained during the total hip replacements, whereas the level of cathepsin-G was low in the samples of non-inflammatory synovial capsular tissue (2.5 international units per liter). Cathepsin-G activity in the samples of pseudosynovial fluid obtained at the time of the total hip replacements was low (2.4 international units per liter), although immunoblot analysis showed marked immunoreactive cathepsin G in the samples of pseudosynovial fluid. This low activity of cathepsin G might be explained by the presence of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, which was detected by laser nephlometric immunoassay and immunoblot analysis. These results demonstrate increased concentration of cathepsin G locally in the tissues around loose total hip-replacement prostheses. Because cathepsin G is not only able to act on extracellular matrix components (such as gelatin, proteoglycan, elastin, and laminin) at a physiological pH but also is able to activate collagenase, gelatinase, and stromelysin proenzymes, to inactivate tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, and to modulate tumor necrosis factor-alpha, it may play an important role in the degradation of periprosthetic connective tissue and in the lysis of bone around the implant, thus contributing to the loosening of prostheses. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone vs androstenedione supplementation in men.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of short-term (12 wk) supplementation with androstenedione versus dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on body composition, strength, and related hormones in middle-aged men. METHODS A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design was used to study 40 healthy, trained (>1 yr weight training) male subjects (mean +/- SD: age 48.1 +/- 3.9 yr; weight 79.8 +/- 9.8 kg). Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: placebo (P), DHEA (D), or androstenedione (A). Supplements (50 mg capsules) were ingested two times daily for 12 wk. All testing, including venous blood samples, body composition, and performance, was conducted at three time points: presupplementation (1 d), at 6 wk, and postsupplementation (12 wk). RESULTS Despite a small increase in lean body mass (0.8 +/- 0.4 and 0.5 +/- 0.3 kg) and mean strength (6.8 +/- 2.7 and 5.7 +/- 2.4 kg) in both D and A groups respectively, these changes were not significantly different from P. In D, there was a significantly greater increase in DHEA-S levels than in P (P < 0.05). There were no adverse side effects demonstrated during D or A supplementation including significant changes in PSA, liver function, or lipid levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that supplementation with 100 mg x d(-1) of either androstenedione or DHEA does not independently elicit a statistically significant increase in lean body mass, strength, or testosterone levels in healthy adult men over a 12-wk period.
Bayesian Association-Based Fine Mapping in Small Chromosomal Segments

A Bayesian method for fine mapping is presented, which deals with multiallelic markers (with two or more alleles), unknown phase, missing data, multiple causal variants, and both continuous and binary phenotypes. We consider small chromosomal segments spanned by a dense set of closely linked markers and putative genes only at marker points. In the phenotypic model, locus-specific indicator variables are used to control inclusion in or exclusion from marker contributions. To account for covariance between consecutive loci and to control fluctuations in association signals along a candidate region we introduce a joint prior for the indicators that depends on genetic or physical map distances. The potential of the method, including posterior estimation of trait-associated loci, their effects, linkage disequilibrium pattern due to close linkage of loci, and the age of a causal variant (time to most recent common ancestor), is illustrated with the well-known cystic fibrosis and Friedreich ataxia data sets by assuming that haplotypes were not available. In addition, simulation analysis with large genetic distances is shown. Estimation of model parameters is based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling and is implemented using WinBUGS. The model specification code is freely available for research purposes from http://www.rni. helsinki.fi/~mjs/.
[Whole brain radiation therapy plus temozolomide in the treatment of brain metastases from non small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis].

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy and safety of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) plus temozolomide (TMZ) versus WBRT alone in the treatment of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through a meta-analysis. METHODS All previously published and some unpublished studies were comprehensively searched from the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and CBM, etc. The meta-analysis included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare WBRT plus TMZ with WBRT alone in treatment of brain metastases from NSCLC. The primary meta-analysis was based upon objective remission (OR) and toxicity and the second overall survival (OS). RESULTS Four RCTs identified by two reviewers were included. There was significant improvement for the WBRT + TMZ group in OR rate (RR = 1.55, P = 0.003); but without significant improvement in OS (P = 0.69). Meanwhile, WHO grade III/IV hematologic toxicity of myelosuppression increased in the WBRT + TMZ group (RR = 2.47, P = 0.008), but without significant difference in gastrointestinal toxicity (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS For the treatment of brain metastases from NSCLC, the combined therapy of WBRT plus TMZ improves OR, but without significant improvement in OS. And the incidence of myelosuppression is elevated. Future large-scale, high-quality and prospective phase III RCTs are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy and safety of WBRT plus TMZ.
Genetic variation in myosin IXB is associated with ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Common germline genetic variation in the 3' region of myosin IXB (MYO9B) has been associated recently with susceptibility to celiac disease, with a hypothesis that MYO9B variants might influence intestinal permeability. These findings suggested the current study investigating a possible further role for MYO9B variation in inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected to tag common haplotypes from the 35-kb 3' region of MYO9B. These included the strongest celiac disease-associated variants reported in a Dutch cohort. These SNPs were studied in 3 independently collected and genotyped case-control cohorts of European descent (UK, Dutch, and Canadian/Italian), comprising in total 2717 inflammatory bowel disease patients (1197 with Crohn's disease, 1520 with ulcerative colitis) and 4440 controls. RESULTS Common variation in MYO9B was associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in all 3 cohorts examined (most associated SNP, rs1545620; meta-analysis P = 1.9 x 10(-6); odds ratio, 1.2), with the same alleles showing association as reported for celiac disease. CONCLUSIONS MYO9B genetic variants predispose to inflammatory bowel disease. Interestingly, rs1545620 is a nonsynonymous variant leading to an amino acid change (Ala1011Ser) in the third calmodulin binding IQ domain of MYO9B. Unlike previous variants (in other genes) reported to predispose to inflammatory bowel disease, the association at MYO9B was considerably stronger with ulcerative colitis, although weaker association with Crohn's disease also was observed. These data imply shared causal mechanisms underlying intestinal inflammatory diseases.
Proteins as Nano-Carriers for Bioactive Compounds. The Case of 7S and 11S Soy Globulins and Folic Acid Complexation

Isolated 7S and 11S globulins obtained from defeated soy flour were complexated with folic acid (FA) in order to generate nano-carriers for this important vitamin in human nutrition. Fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering were applied to follow the nano-complexes formation and for their characterization. Fluorescence experimental data were modeled by the Stern-Volmer and a modified double logarithm approach. The results obtained confirmed static quenching. The number of binding sites on the protein molecule was ~1. The values obtained for the binding constants suggest a high affinity between proteins and FA. Particle size distribution allowed to study the protein aggregation phenomenon induced by FA bound to the native proteins. Z-average manifested a clear trend to protein aggregation. 11S-FA nano-complexes resulted in more polydispersity. ζ-potential of FA nano-complexes did not show a remarkable change after FA complexation. The biological activity of nano-complexes loaded with FA was explored in terms of their capacity to enhance the biomass formation of Lactobacillus casei BL23. The results concerning to nano-complexes inclusion in culture media showed higher bacterial growth. Such a result was attributed to the entry of the acid by the specific receptors concomitantly by the peptide receptors. These findings have technological impact for the use of globulins-FA based nano-complexes in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and food industries.
Regret and Responsibility Resolved? Evaluating Ordóñez and Connolly's (2000) Conclusions.

T. Connolly, L. D. Ordo;aan;atez, and R. Coughlan (1997, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 70, 73-85) argued, on the basis of 5 experiments, that regret need not be related to a sense of responsibility for the regretted outcome. We (M. Zeelenberg, W. W. van Dijk, & A. S. R. Manstead, 1998, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 74, 254-272) showed in 2 experiments that this conclusion was premature, because it was based on an indirect measure of regret (i.e., overall happiness with the decision outcome). When regret was directly measured, the predicted effects of responsibility were found. L. D. Ordo;aan;atez and T. Connolly (2000, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 81, 132-142) replicated our findings in 2 experiments. Based on their findings they arrived at 4 conclusions. In this rejoinder we first discuss Ordóñez and Connolly's new studies and we then discuss the validity of their 4 conclusions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
Scalable histogram of oriented gradients for multi-size car detection

This paper addresses two contributions for improving the accuracy and speed of preceding car detection systems. First, it proposes a feature description using Scalable Histogram of Oriented Gradient (SHOG) to solve scale problem of car region on the image. Without resizing the images to a fixed size, it is capable to extract a high-discriminated features with on the same feature space. Second, instead of use sliding window method to obtain candidate regions, it uses laser data information. This mechanism reduce the processing time significantly. In addition, an integral image method is utilized to support fast computation of the feature extraction. For classifying candidate regions into car and non-car class, linear support vector machine (SVM) is performed. The experimental results show that proposed descriptor accuracy is 3% higher than using standard HOG feature.