Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression Profiling in C57BL/6 Mice Treated with the Anorectic Drugs Sibutramine and Phendimetrazine and Their Mechanistic Implications

Recently, obesity has become a worldwide public health concern and the use of anorectic drugs has drastically increased. In this study, sibutramine and phendimetrazine, representative marketed anorectics, were repeatedly administered per os on a daily basis into C57BL/6 mice and the effects of these drugs on food intakes, body weight changes and gene expression profiles were monitored for up to following 7 days. Methamphetamine, which has a potent anorectic effect, was used as a positive control. Anorectic effects were sustained only for two days by phendimetrazine or methamphetamine, but for six days by sibutramine. The modulations of gene expressions in the hypothalamus and the striatum were investigated using microarrays on day 2 and day 7 post-administration, which corresponded to the anorectic period and a return of appetite respectively, for all three drugs tested. Differences in overall gene expression profiles in the stratum on day 2 for sibutramine and phendimetrazine seems to reflect difference between the two in terms of the onsets of drug tolerance. According to microarray findings, the Ankrd26 gene appears to have an important anorectic role, whereas the up-regulation of the olfaction system appeared to be involved in the drug tolerance of anorectics. The microarray data presented in this study demonstrates the usefulness of gene expression analysis for gathering information on the efficacy and safety of anorectic drugs.
Spoof Resilient Coordination in Distributed and Robust Robotic Networks

As cyber–physical networks become increasingly equipped with embedded capabilities, they are made vulnerable to malicious attacks with the increased number of access points available to attackers. A particularly pernicious attack is spoofing, in which a malicious agent spawns multiple identities and can compromise otherwise attack–resilient algorithms that rely on assumed network robustness structures. We generalize a class of resilient consensus strategies, known as weighted mean-subsequence-reduced (W-MSR) consensus, to further provide spoof resilience by incorporating a physical layer authentication. By comparing the physical fingerprints of received signals, legitimate agents can identify and isolate malicious agents that attempt spoofing attacks. A key technical contribution is to quantify worst case misclassification probability using distributionally robust Chebyshev bounds computed via semidefinite programming when the physical fingerprints of received signals are stochastic. Numerical simulations and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Our framework is applicable to a variety of problems involving multirobot systems coordinating via wireless communication.
Microbial sources and some therapeutic applications of L-methioninase

Natural products are produced by a wide range of different organisms including microorganisms. It is a source of compounds opening promising avenues for the treatment of a great variety of diseases accurately in a proper manner to specifically target cancer cells. Over the past 50 years, cancer has become a problem that threatens human health. According to the world health organization WHO website, there were 9.6 million people died from cancer and 18.1 million new cancer cases worldwide in 2018, with 60% of world's total new annual cases occurring in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. The percentage of cancer deaths in Asia and Africa (57.3% and 7.3%, respectively) are higher than the ratios of incident cases (48.4% and 5.8%, respectively). L-methioninase is attracted a great deal of attention due to has potential application as an active therapeutic agent against cardiovascular diseases and different types of cancer in human beings and other applications. L-methioninase from diverse microorganisms exhibits significant reductions in L-methionine in vivo and efficacy against a broad spectrum of transplantable animal and solid human tumors. [Bukhari, K.A. and Alamoudi, K.H. Microbial sources and some therapeutic applications of L-methioninase. Cancer Biology 2019;9(3):14-23]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio. net. 3. doi:10.7537/marscbj090319.03.
Case studies in the retailer internationalization: a literature review

Scientific Editor Ilan Avrichir Research on retail internationalization (RI) has undergone an intense development phase since the 1990s, dominated by quantitative research and based on the retail experience of large-scale retailers formats such as supermarkets. However, the internationalization of the retail sector has evolved into areas that existing models have not been able to explain, generating a demand for more thorough research. The result has been an increase of articles published since the early 2000s based on research of an exploratory and qualitative nature, such as case studies. In this article, main contributions are identified in RI arising from case studies resulting from the selection and analysis of 48 articles published in academic journals between 2000 and 2015. As a result, relevant findings on the steps of the RI process are presented, such as input modes for franchise, international divestment, and characteristics of the RI process of specific types of firms, such as fashion retailers and smalland medium-size retailers.
Exploring the relationship between tourist destinations and loyalty

The aim of this study is to exploring the relationship between tourist destinations and loyalty. Based on the idea of each person's travel destination, whether they will return to the tourist attraction in the future, or recommend others to visit this attraction, will maybe have different views. Results presented that the questionnaires’ analysis and discussion. The tourist destinations type had a positively and significantly on attitude loyalty and behavior loyalty, separately. The attitude loyalty also has a positively and significantly on behavior loyalty .
The Unified Equation of Gravity and QM: the Case of High Gravitational Field

In the classical view, the final particles (the indivisible identical atoms) are endowed with the power of attracting other bodies. On the other hand, we know today that subatomic particles are endowed with irreducible randomness (Von Neumann, 1955, and others ) that gives rise to the probabilistic wavefunction. Hence, if we adopt the classical fundamental postulate of the final particle, such particles, as subatomic, should be also endowed with the power of irreducible randomness. As a consequence, the final particle becomes a unified Classical/Quantum postulate in which it becomes endowed with both of random motion and gravitational effects. These dual features allow us to represent the forces of Gravity, from one side, and the random nature of the wavefunction, from the other, on the basis of a unified fundamental postulate.
Dietary intakes of older Victorians

Despite journal guidelines to authors, the nutrient database is not referenced and the reader is obliged to go back to the original dietary method paper (2) to discover its identity. Here it is stated that the nutrient database is NUTTAB95 (3) but since this database does not contain values for vitamin E it is not clear how the McCarty group measured vitamin E intake. It is unusual to see energy intakes given only in kcal despite journal guidelines.
Consumer Information and the Limits to Competition

This paper studies competition between firms when consumers observe a private signal of their preferences over products. Within the class of signal structures that induce pure-strategy pricing equilibria, we derive signal structures that are optimal for firms and those that are optimal for consumers. The firm-optimal policy amplifies underlying product differentiation, thereby relaxing competition, while ensuring consumers purchase their preferred product, thereby maximizing total welfare. The consumer-optimal policy dampens differentiation, which intensifies competition, but induces some consumers to buy their less preferred product. Our analysis sheds light on the limits to competition when the information possessed by consumers can be designed flexibly. (JEL D11, D21, D43, D82, D83, L13)
1 Intuitive Epistemology : Children ’ s Theory of Evidence

1.0 Introduction This chapter is premised upon a simple but potentially powerful assumption: it is not possible for the mind to acquire much of its knowledge without it also possessing an intuitive understanding of a set epistemological concepts — namely, whatever concepts are just those which can be used by the mind to identify, in the stream of information that comes from the world, properties relevant to the formation of accurate belief. It is likely that extremely simple concepts of probability, causation, and testimony, along with the concepts needed to form very basic epistemic, statistical, and logical generalizations, are amongst the first members of the relevant set. Perhaps an elementary concept of knowledge is necessary too. But whatever the exact or initial membership of this set is, we believe that positing such a set is necessary to explain the fact that, even in young children, making inferences about the sorts of things which are relevant to accurate beliefs leads, often enough, to learning. Accordingly, we shall call the conceptual resources contained in this set and which facilitate the formation of accurate belief a learner’s intuitive epistemology.
"I See Their Purpose": Looking at the Role of Family Advocates in Partnering with Families and Advocating for Children in Guatemala City

OF THESIS “I SEE THEIR PURPOSE”: LOOKING AT THE ROLE OF FAMILY ADVOCATES IN PARTNERING WITH FAMILIES AND ADVOCATING FOR CHILDREN IN GUATEMALA CITY The purpose of this study was to get an in-depth, complete picture of a social worker and child/family advocate in Guatemala City, Guatemala. The intent was to study the participant’s work and responsibilities in order to examine how she processed and completed her dual role as social worker/advocate and mother to a group of children in a children’s home. A focus on responsibility, the effect of her dual role, and the influence of her personal and religious convictions emerged throughout the study. The participant’s unique position in a dual role offered insight into the various aspects of advocacy and intervention in the developing county of Guatemala.
Accurate Monotonicity-Preserving With Runge-Kutta Time Stepping Schemes

A new class of high-order monotonicity-preserving sclmmes for the numerical solution of conservation laws is presented. Tile interface vahle in these schemes is obtained by limiting a higher-order polynomial reconstruction. The limiting is designed to preserve accuracy near extrema and to work well with Runge-Kutta time stepping. Computational efficiency is enhanced by a simple test that determines whether the limiting procedure is needed. For linear advection in one dimension, these schemes are shown to be monotonicity-preserving and uniformly high-order accurate. Numerical experiments for advection as well as the Euler equations also confirm their high accuracy, good shock resolution, and computational efficiency. A new class of high-order monotonicity-preserving schemes for the numerical solution of conservation laws is presented. The interface value in these schemes is obtained by limiting a higher-order polynominal reconstruction. The limiting is designed to preserve accuracy near extrema and to work well with Runge-Kutta time stepping. Computational efficiency is enhanced by a simple test that determines whether the limiting procedure is needed. For linear advection in one dimension these schemes are shown to be monotonicity-preserving and uniformly high-order accurate. Numerical experiments for advection as well as the Euler equations also confirm their high accuracy, good shock resolution, and computational efficiency.
Measurement of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in Nurses Hand Hygiene among the Hospitals

4 Abstract: Background: Hand hygiene is the most important factor in prevention and control of hospital infections. Since, the HBM attempts to explain the reasons for the health behaviors practice or not, this research is going to measure the HBM constructs in Nurse's hand hygiene behavior. Methods: This is a cross- sectional and analytical study conducted on 130 nurses in the hospitals affiliated to the Arak Medical Sciences University. Data collection instrument is a questionnaire designed by the researcher which measures the HBM constructs and the nurses' practice concerning the health behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive analytical tests, Chi Square test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Fisher precise test. Results: In this study, the samples' mean age was 35.13±7.12; the findings revealed that nurses had poor practice, concerning their hand hygiene (38.76±9.81). The HBM constructs were at medium level including the perceived susceptibility (58.46±9.09), the perceived severity (57.66±11.011), the perceived threat (58.06±7.37) and the perceived benefits (69.29±8.09), respectively. The action to cues score (48.91±11.51) and self-efficacy score (45.04±8.14) were poor and the perceived barriers score was good (71.60±10.08). There appeared a reverse statistical relation between the perceived benefits and susceptibility (P<0.05). Also, there was a meaningful relation between the service location and self-efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on this study's results, most of nurses have no good practice concerning the health behavior, despite of having medium attitude score, good perceived benefits score and high score of the perceived barriers. With regard to the crucial role of the nurses in prevention of hospital infections, the authorities must consider the necessary educations based on the successful educational models and adopt multiple approaches in conducting the hand hygiene behavior.
Protective Resistance by Human G6PD Enzyme Deficiency and Hemoglobin Variants Against Malaria and Natural Selection: Further Evidence from Review of New Studies

Main objective of this article is to review and evaluate recent red cell variant studies for protection against malaria and natural selection. Malaria is a parasitic disease highly widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is also one of the leading causes of death worldwide and genes involved in malaria resistance are the most important for natural selection in human populations. Multiple red cell variants, which evolved probably to counter the lethal effects of malaria and confer protection against malaria through different mechanisms, show high frequencies in malaria endemic vulnerable populations. Different natural protective/resistance mechanisms including hampering of parasite growth, invasion related immunological responses or rapidly elimination of malaria parasite from the infected erythrocytes of host have briefly been discussed, evaluated, and reviewed. Conclusions drawn have been projected here. High frequency of inherited hemoglobin disorders including thalassemias, and red cell G6PD enzyme deficiency, which seemed to evolve simultaneously in relation to malaria, and high mortality caused by Plasmodium falciparum malaria in different vulnerable populations of tropical and subtropical parts of world, confirm that the natural selection is certainly operating against malaria in one way or another; and human population genetics have distinctly played a significant role in the co-evolution of host and malaria. The inverse relationship between sickle cell trait and G6PD deficiency and vice versa, revealed by allele frequencies distribution shown in our previous studies, is a testimony of disequilibrium, as sickle cell allele being replaced by G6PD deficiency allele in populations of central India. Positive natural selection plays a definite role against malaria for maintaining balance in high frequency endemic populations.
Ethnic and Racial Studies

When migrant status and citizenship are defined by means of state categories, the language of inclusion and exclusion is key to an understanding of their contemporary shape and historical transformation. This introductory article provides an overview of some of the most relevant concepts in the discourse analysis of inand exclusion, specifically with a view to the functioning of nation-state categories. It discusses forms of discursive problematization, such as defining, claiming, legitimizing, expanding, sensationalization and suggestion, and it connects these to the discursive drawing of boundaries discussed by the authors contributing to this issue. They focus on discursive constructions of ‘illegality’, race, class, gender, immigrant integration and transnationalism. We argue that, as state categorizations continuously differ, both the historical analysis of their genesis, functioning and transformation and the contemporary analysis of their effectuation in practices are crucial to an understanding of inand exclusion.
Review of research on alcohol and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

The links between alcohol consumption sexual risk behaviour and HIV infection warrant special attention in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries where HIV prevalence rates and levels of harmful use of alcohol are high. In 2010 sub-Saharan Africa had an estimated 22 900 000 people living with HIV who comprised approximately 68% of all people living with HIV globally. Moreover the WHO Africa region has the highest rate of heavy episodic drinking per drinker globally (of 25.1%) which can be contrasted with the lowest rates for the WHO Europe (EUR) and Western Pacific (WPRS) regions of 11.0% and 8.0% respectively. Previous reviews have been conducted of studies on the roles and impact of alcohol consumption in HIV acquisition and disease progression. This policy brief summarises the findings of a report of a review of SSA studies that updated those reviews. The review examined (a) the associations between alcohol use sexual risk behaviour and HIV infection; (b) the associations between alcohol use and various facets of HIV disease including the uptake of HIV treatment services antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and HIV outcomes; and (c) the efficacy of interventions to address the negative consequences of the links between alcohol use and HIV. The review included studies published from 2008 to 2011. The overarching aim of the review was to provide recommendations on how to mitigate the effects of alcohol consumption on the acquisition and progression of HIV disease among people in the SSA region.
Secrecy Strengthening Concert ( Privacy Protection ) In Data Mining

Data mining techniques have been broadly used in many research disciplines such as medicine, life sciences, social sciences, etc. to extract useful knowledge from research data in the form of data mining models. Research data often needs to be available along with the data mining model for verification. The privacy of the published data which needs to be protected because otherwise the published data is subject to misuse such as linking attacks. Therefore, using various privacy protection methods becomes essential. Thus the published models cannot be verified using the cleaned data. This paper says about a technique that not only protects privacy, but also guarantees that the same model, in the form of decision trees or regression trees, can be built from the cleaned data.
Interleukin-4 protects double-negative and CD4 single-positive thymocytes from dexamethasone-induced apoptosis

Glucocorticoid hormones (GCH) and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) induce in mouse thymocytes and T-cell tumor lines an active process of cell death called apoptosis. Interleukins (IL), including IL- 1 and IL-2, have been reported to inhibit such apoptosis. In this study we show that IL-4 also reduced the DNA fragmentation characteristic of dexamethasone (DEX)-induced apoptosis in thymocytes. This effect, studied in both time-course and dose-response experiments, was also detected at low IL-4 concentrations (1 U/mL) and against high DEX levels (10(-7) mol/L). The effect of IL-4 was blocked by an anti-IL-4 but not by an anti-IL-1 alpha MoAb, and was thus both specific and direct. Phenotypic analysis showed that IL-4 protects predominantly CD4- CD8- and CD4+CD8- cells. Our findings suggest that intrathymic T-cell development may be influenced by IL-4.
PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SPECIES IN LATVIAN AQUACULTURE

The present paper studies the economic feasibility of certain new species in aquaculture and the market potential for their breeding in Latvia. Aquaculture is a rapidly developing industry in the world. Its volumes are increasing also in Latvia; however, there are few species that are bred in large volumes. Therefore, there exists an essential need for research on the species suitable for breeding. Aiming at studying the economic and market potential of particular less bred species, tilapias, chars, sturgeons and shrimps were selected for this research. The research involves methods of economic analysis. The balance method was applied to analyse the markets for the researched species. A semi-quantitative method – McKinsey matrix – was applied to determine the potential export markets. McKinsey matrix was developed for particular species of fish on regional markets identified in advance. The performed analysis provides a basis for concluding that breeding of sturgeons (Siberian and Russian sturgeons, sterlets and bester fish), chars as well as shrimps (L.Vannamei) has a potential in Latvia and that these fish should be included in the list of supported aquaculture products. At the same time, taking into consideration that most of the consumers do not recognize these products, there is a need for promotional activities. Collaboration with foreign companies to acquire the export markets has a perspective regarding this. The potential for breeding tilapias has not been justified due to the market situation in Europe (availability of cheap mass product) and the comparatively high production costs in Latvia.
Dynamic analysis of towing operation with military tracked recovery vehicle

The present work is focused upon development of multi-body dynamic (MBD) models of a military tracked recovery and towed vehicles in Adams Tracked Vehicle (ATV) toolkit, and carrying out the dynamic analysis of towing operation with the vehicles. Towing is one of the important recovery operations for the military recovery vehicle, which is generally carried out on plain terrain conditions. However, it is also desired to tow another vehicle of similar weight class over certain gradients as well. In this regard, it is required to assess the structural rigidity of the tow bar assembly, while negotiating the gradients. The finite element models of the tow bars have been developed in Abaqus/CAE, from which the modal information is extracted. The finite element models of the tow bars have been integrated with the MBD model of the recovery and towed vehicles in ATV through Adams/Flex. The dynamic analyses of towing operation with the existing tow bar assembly, have been carried out over different gradients, based on which required design modifications have been proposed to minimize the relative angular motion between the tow bars while descending the gradient. With an objective of further weight reduction and enhanced gradient climbing capability, suitable recommendations have further been provided to modify the tow bar assembly design. Dynamic simulations were carried out with the modified tow bar assembly design, through which higher gradients could be negotiated with reduced tow bar assembly weight. The above dynamic analyses have provided a base platform for arriving at the standard operating procedure of carrying out the towing operation in practice. The analyses have also established a framework for future design of tow bar assemblies under the influence of a three dimensional vehicle dynamic environment.