Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Astronomically calibrated timescales from 6 to 2.5 Ma and benthic isotope stratigraphies, Sites 1236, 1237, 1239, and 1241

We present benthic isotope stratigraphies for Sites 1236, 1237, 1239, and 1241 that span the late Miocene–Pliocene time interval from 6 to 2.4 Ma. Orbitally tuned timescales were generated for Sites 1237 and 1241 by correlating the high-frequency variations in gamma ray attenuation density, percent sand of the carbonate fraction, and benthic δ13C to variations in Earth’s orbital parameters. The astronomical timescales for Sites 1237 and 1241 are in agreement with the one from Atlantic Site 925/926 (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 154). The comparison of benthic δ18O and δ13C records from the east Pacific sites and Atlantic Site 925/926 revealed a surprising clarity of the “41-k.y. signal” in δ13C records and a remarkably good correlation between their δ13C records. This suggests that the late Miocene–Pliocene amplitudes of obliquityrelated δ13C cycles reflect a magnitude of global response often larger than that provided by obliquity-related δ18O cycles. At Site 1237, the orbitally derived ages of Pliocene magnetic reversal boundaries between the base of Reunion and the top of Thvera confirm astronomical datings of the generally accepted ATNTS2004 timescale, except for the top of Kaena and the base of Sidufjall. Our astronomical age for the top of Kaena is about one obliquity cycle older. The base of Sidufjall appears to be about one precession cycle younger. The age models of Sites 1236 and 1239 were established by correlating their benthic δ18O and δ13C records directly to the orbitally tuned isotope record of Site 1241. 1Tiedemann, R. , Sturm, A. , Steph, S. , Lund, S.P., and Stoner, J.S. , 2007. Astronomically calibrated timescales from 6 to 2.5 Ma and benthic isotope stratigraphies, Sites 1236, 1237, 1239, and 1241. In Tiedemann, R. , Mix, A.C. , Richter, C. , and Ruddiman, W.F. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 202: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1–69. doi:10.2973/ odp.proc.sr.202. 210.2007 2IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany. Present address: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. Correspondence author: rtiedemann@awi-bremerhaven.de 3Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles CA 90089-0740, USA. 4College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 COAS Administration Building, Corvallis OR 97331-5503, USA. Initial receipt: 4 February 2005 Acceptance: 4 October 2006 Web publication: 6 March 2007 Ms 202SR-210 R. TIEDEMANN ET AL. TIMESCALES AND BENTHIC ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHIES 2
A MODELLING FRAMEWORK FOR PROCUREMENT OF A RETAIL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM WITH ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS

Reducing procurement costs as well as controlling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is becoming a major concern for the retail industry. In order to support a retail company to optimize its procuremen t policy and coordination with its suppliers at the tactical pla nning level, we propose a multi-periodic, multi-pro duct modeling framework for a three-level distribution system enc ompassing the suppliers, intermediate platforms and distribution centers. Different procurement and transport polici es may be undertaken between the entities, such as direct shipment from the suppliers to the distribution centers or s hipment through intermediate platforms. We have des ign d a generic MIP (Mixed Integer Programming) model with two obje ctive functions to be considered (total shipment an d storage cost, or CO2 emissions from transport). Solutions w ill be obtained using realistic data provided by a major French retail company.
Stratospheric O 3 changes during 2001–2010: the small role of solar flux variations in a chemical transport model

Abstract. Solar spectral fluxes (or irradiance) measured by the SOlar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) show different variability at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths compared to other irradiance measurements and models (e.g. NRL-SSI, SATIRE-S). Some modelling studies have suggested that stratospheric/lower mesospheric O3 changes during solar cycle 23 (1996–2008) can only be reproduced if SORCE solar fluxes are used. We have used a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM), forced by meteorology from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), to simulate middle atmospheric O3 using three different solar flux data sets (SORCE, NRL-SSI and SATIRE-S). Simulated O3 changes are compared with Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite data. Modelled O3 anomalies from all solar flux data sets show good agreement with the observations, despite the different flux variations. The off-line CTM reproduces these changes through dynamical information contained in the analyses. A notable feature during this period is a robust positive solar signal in the tropical middle stratosphere, which is due to realistic dynamical changes in our simulations. Ozone changes in the lower mesosphere cannot be used to discriminate between solar flux data sets due to large uncertainties and the short time span of the observations. Overall this study suggests that, in a CTM, the UV variations detected by SORCE are not necessary to reproduce observed stratospheric O3 changes during 2001–2010.
A New Lower Bound on the Minimum Density of Vertex Identifying Codes for the Infinite Hexagonal Grid

For a graph, G, and a vertex v ∈ V (G), let N [v] be the set of vertices adjacent to and including v. A set D ⊆ V (G) is a vertex identifying code if for any two distinct vertices v1, v2 ∈ V (G), the vertex sets N [v1] ∩ D and N [v2] ∩ D are distinct and non-empty. We consider the minimum density of a vertex identifying code for the infinite hexagonal grid. In 2000, Cohen et al. constructed two codes with a density of 3 7 ≈ 0.428571, and this remains the best known upper bound. Until now, the best known lower bound was 12 29 ≈ 0.413793 and was proved by Cranston and Yu in 2009. We present three new codes with a density of 3 7 , and we improve the lower bound to
Correlation between autophagy related genes expression and clinical features in carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Autophagy is considered to be a double-edged sword to participate in the occurrence and development of the malignant tumor, which plays different roles in various types of tumors or pathological stages. The role in carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the temporal and spatial expression of autophagy related genes mTOR, Beclin1 and LC3B by immuno histochemistry in sixty cases of OSCC and paired dysplasia and normal oral mucosa, and also to analyze the correlation between the expression and clinical features in oral cancer. The positive expression rate of mTOR in OSCC and dysplasia was 75% and 66.7%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (P < 0.05). Beclin1 and LC3B expression in OSCC (65%, 58.3%) were lower than in normal mucosa (75%, 78.3%), and in dysplasia the expression rate decreased (54.2%, 27.1%, respectively) which was significantly lower than that in normal mucosa (P < 0.05). The integral optical density (IOD) of expression of three proteins was significantly higher in the center than in peripheral of tumor (P < 0.05). mTOR, Beclin1, LC3B expression was closely related to lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of oral cancer (P < 0.05), and the expression of LC3B, Beclin1 was closely related to smoking. Autophagy is involved in the carcinogenesis of OSCC. Direct damage of smoking may be an activator of autophagy. Autophagy may inhibit tumorigenesis in dysplasia, while in formed cancer upregulated autophagy may try to maintain permanent survival and promote the invasion and metastasis.
Béton hydraulique : Mise en œuvre

Le beton, materiau utilise dans de nombreux cas de constructions, doit repondre a un ensemble d'exigences de securite, de durabilite et d'esthetique. Dans ce contexte, il doit presenter une stabilite definie apres durcissement, une durabilite intrinseque, une protection contre la corrosion des armatures metalliques qu'il enrobe, des proprietes esthetiques precises. L'ensemble de ces qualites doivent non seulement etre attendues du produit fabrique, mais encore des conditions dans lesquelles il est verse dans son moule, serre pour atteindre une compacite maximale et adopter la forme exacte du moule, puis demoule apres durcissement et protege contre la dessiccation : un bon beton correctement fabrique ne sera finalement qu'un mauvais beton si sa mise en oeuvre est inadaptee au materiau et a son emploi. Dans ce contexte, un soin tout particulier doit etre apporte au choix des moules, des methodes et des moyens de coulage et de serrage, de la protection contre la dessiccation et des traitements de surface apres decoffrage. Apres avoir defini les objectifs a atteindre en matiere de parements, les conditions de mise en oeuvre des betons doivent etre definies a tous les niveaux de la construction et dans les cas les plus frequents : - les coffrages (les fonctions attendues, les types, leurs composants, leur securite et leurs modes d'emploi) ; - la vibration du beton ; - les conditions de betonnage par temps froid ; - les conditions de betonnage par temps chaud. Pour acquerir la maitrise du beton, la connaissance de certaines techniques specifiques est egalement necessaire au concepteur et a l'entrepreneur : - les betonnages en grande masse ; - les betonnages de pieux de fondations ; - le pompage des betons ; - la projection de beton ; - le betonnage sous l'eau ; - l'essorage du beton ; - et les differents traitements de surface.
Avaliação da mutagênese e genotoxicidade em Eigenmannia virescens (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes) expostos ao benzeno

The effects of genotoxic substances on fishes genome have been object of many studies, especially those which attempt to establish the responses of genes to environmental stimulus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mutagenicity and genotoxicity in electric fishes of species Eingenmannia virescens, under to benzene exposure (50ppm), utilizing Micronuclei Test (MNs) and Comet Assay techniques. Ten fish blood samples were collected in different times of exposure: T0, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h and 360h (15 days). To determine the frequency of MNs, 1.000 cells per microscopical slides were counted. For the Comet Assay analysis, four damage classes were defined: I - II - III - IV, and for the statistic analysis number values (ranks) from 0 to 3 were assigned for each class. The sum of ranks (values) for all times of exposure was compared to T0 and these differences were statistically analyzed. On Micronuclei Test demonstrated do not possible detect significant mutagenic effects in the erythrocytes analyzed. On the other hand, for the Comet Assay, the results suggested genotoxic action of benzene, proper the gradual increase of number of cells with greatest damage class with the greatest of exposure time, indicating an effect time-dependent. These results suggested the most sensibility for the Comet Assay like Micronuclei Test.
REVIEW OF VIRTUAL REALITY TRENDS (PREVIOUS, CURRENT, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS), AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNICAL ISSUES

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is concerned with how humans work with computers and how technologies can accommodate the needs of users to meet their goals. The early phases of Virtual Reality (VR) often involved head-mounted computers in which users immersed themselves, as they could act, perceive, and interact with a three-dimensional world. This paper has two objectives: to conduct a detailed review of VR trends (previous, current, and forthcoming) and to highlight the applications and obstacles that affect each trend. Reliable survey data was obtained from sources such as ISI, Scopus, Springer, IEEE, and Google Scholar, as well as websites. The main contributions of this work are: (1) analysis and summary of VR trends in the past, present, and future, (2) details of the technical limitations of each trend and explication of their applications, technological requirements, and currently available solutions, (3) illustration of the direction, developments, issues, and challenges for each trend (previous, current, and future), (4) identification of the direction and important trends that require more comprehensive studies by future researchers.
Transition to Postindustrial Society. A study of the Service Sector Employment in Russia

The transition to market economic systems in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union involves fundamental shifts in the sectoral allocation of resources, in particular, dramatic changes in employment structures. Development of services in Russia turns to be more impressive than in many other transitional countries. This pa-per uses the Baumol-Fuchs model of the service sector expansion to estimate underdevelopment of services in Russia prior the transition and measure the progress in catching-up that has taken place thus far. Based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (1994-2000) empirical analysis demonstrates that sectoral variation in the difference between withdrawal from and entrance to the labor force is the main reason of changing distribution of labor. For job-to-job transitions low quality of current job matches, tenure effects and labor market segmentation are the most important explanation of intersectoral labor mobility.
Advanced Statistical Signal Processing Methods in Sensing, Detection, and Estimation for Communication Applications

The applications of wireless communications and digital signal processing have dramatically changed the way we live, work, and learn over decades. The requirement of higher throughput and ubiquitous connectivity for wireless communication systems has become prevalent nowadays. Signal sensing, detection and estimation have been prevalent in signal processing and communications for many years. The relevant studies deal with the processing of information-bearing signals for the purpose of information extraction. Nevertheless, new robust and efficient signal sensing, detection and estimation techniques are still in demand since there emerge more and more practical applications which rely on them. In this dissertation work, several novel signal sensing, detection and estimation schemes are proposed for wireless communications applications, such as spectrum sensing, symbol-detection/channel-estimation, and encoder identification. The associated theories and practice in robustness, computational complexity, and overall system performance evaluation are also provided.
Real-time spotting of human activities in industrial environments

Nowadays, computing technology is found in almost every workplace to support people in doing their job efficiently. Desktop computers, notebooks and personal digital assistants are widespread examples for this technology. However, production and assembly workers in industrial environments cannot rely on such traditional devices. They need to use their hands to carry out what is called a primary task, for example the assembly of a complex system or the maintenance of sophisticated machinery. Yet at the same time they could benefit from access to a computer system that provides the workers with useful information. New ways of human-computer interaction are required to solve this problem. One approach are context-aware computer systems that detect the user’s current needs and anticipate his future demands to proactively act for the user. Researchers have demonstrated that the emerging wearable computing technology has the potential to offer solutions in this field. However, to this day, the deployment of wearable computing in industrial applications is limited. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the deployment of wearable computing and context-aware systems in industrial environments. Activity recognition plays a prominent role in designing context-aware computer systems for industrial environments. The motion of a worker carries much information about the performed activities in such environments. In this work, we use wearable inertial sensors unobtrusively integrated into a jacket to acquire the worker’s motion for activity recognition. Wearable computing platforms have limited computational resources due to constraints of power, size and weight. Therefore, we develop a continuous activity spotting method with low computational complexity. The method makes use of string matching techniques requiring a discrete representation of motion which we derive from several body limb trajectories. We model activity classes with template strings that are compared with the continuous motion string during the activity spotting operation. A fusion stage combines distributed information from simultaneously processed body trajectories and a filtering stage validates spotted activity occurrences. The key property of our method is that it combines the segmentation of continuous data and the clas-
Studies on wildlife with a special reference to preventing emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in the 21st Century

Las Enfermedades Infecciosas Emergentes (EIDs) son una grave amenaza para la salud de humanos, animales domesticos y fauna silvestre. Estas enfermedades son causadas por patogenos que han desarrollado multi-resistencia frente a medicamentos, o han incrementado su rango geografico o de hospederos. Como resultado, millones de personas han muerto en las ultimas decadas debido a enfermedades emergentes y re-emergentes como la malaria, la tuberculosis o las fiebres hemorragicas del Ebola. Factores socio-economicos (e.g. urbanizacion, crecimiento demografico) y ambientales (deforestacion, especies invasoras y cambios en el uso del suelo producidos por el hombre) han facilitado la dispersion de las EIDs. A pesar de que muchos estudios se han centrado en estas enfermedades en el ultimo medio siglo, nuestro conocimiento sobre la epidemiologia de las EIDs y como controlar su dispersion es aun limitado. Debido a que la fauna silvestre es un componente esencial en la epidemiologia de muchas EIDs, el estudio de patogenos en animales silvestres sera esencial para identificar las causas y desarrollar politicas y estrategias para mitigar estas amenazas
Banana Quality Attribute Prediction and Ripeness Classification Using Support Vector Machine

Five laser diodes of 532, 660, 785, 830 and 1060nm laser light back scattering imaging (LLBI) were employed for quality attribute prediction and ripening stage classification of banana. A support vector machine (SVM) was tested to establish the theoretical prediction and classification models to predict chlorophyll, elasticity and soluble solids content (SSC) and also to classify the bananas into six ripening stages. The classification was set up with six ripening stages 2-7. Wavelengths of 532, 660 and 785nm gave high correlation coefficients both for banana quality prediction and ripeness classification. The results show that the highest correlation coefficients of 0 . 912, 0.945 and 0.872 were obtained for chlorophyll, elasticity and SSC at 785, 660nm respectively. An overall classification accuracy of 92.5% was recorded at 830nm. These results show that LLBI with the SVM model can be used for non-destructive estimation of banana quality attributes and the subsequent ripeness classification.
Continuous Line Drawings On Dendrites

Continuous line drawing (CLD) is a drawing style where a picture consists of a single long closed line without self intersection. We present an algorithm for constructing CLDs from input images. We maintain the connectivity of the line through a tree generated by path finding with consideration of the key features for a given image. A branching tree structure is first grown incrementally by selecting pixels by a cost function, relating to both the tone map and an importance map. After labeling each branch, an artificial wall is then constructed through a two-stage labeling propagation process to produce a single boundary, interpreted as the final CLD. Our method is effective and automatic, and provides some opportunities for variations.
Contrasting temporal patterns in ammonia-oxidizing archaeal community dynamics in two peri-alpine lakes with different trophic status

We studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in 2 large, deep peri-alpine lakes (Annecy and Bourget; oligotrophic and mesotrophic, respectively) over 2 yr. Each month, we characterized the structure, richness, and abundance of AOA populations in the epiand hypolimnion using DGGE and qPCR of the archaea-specific amoA gene. Clear vertical patterns were observed in both lakes, with greater values for AOA richness and amoA gene abundance in the hypolimnetic layers. AOA community composition and structure was much more stable throughout the year in Lake Bourget than in Lake Annecy. In the upper layers, AOA communities displayed seasonal succession patterns and had greater abundance in winter. The temporal structure showed more pronounced seasonal patterns in Lake Annecy than in Lake Bourget. In the deeper layers of both lakes, the relative abundance of AOA showed no clear temporal pattern. Temporal changes in amoA gene composition were correlated with changes in the archaeal 16S rRNA gene in surface waters. Changes in the structure of both genes were not significantly correlated in the hypolimnion, suggesting that the temporal changes in the structure of archaeal communities in the deeper waters might be globally driven by the dynamics of heterotrophic archaea and not archaeal ammonia oxidizers. None of the many environmental variables we measured explained significant amounts of variation in AOA community structure and richness; thus, other factors and processes may exert selective pressures on the structure of these communities. Nevertheless, archaeal amoA gene abundance varied with water temperature (negative correlation) and with nitrate concentration (positive correlation). Our study is the first to show that archaeal amoA gene abundance is correlated positively with silica and negatively with total nanoflagellate abundance. This suggests that AOA could play a significant role in silica dissolution and regeneration, and points to the possible influence of predation on AOA abundance.