Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of Three Negative Emotions based on Physiological Signals

Physiological signal is one of the most commonly used emotional cues. In recent emotion classification research, the one of main topics is to recognize human's feeling or emotion using multi-channel physiological signals. In this study, we discuss the comparative results of emotion detection using several classification algorithms, which classify negative emotions (fear, surprise and stress) based on physiological features. Physiological signals, such as skin temperature (SKT), electrodermal activity (EDA), electrocardiogram (ECG), and photoplethysmography (PPG) were recorded while participants were exposed to emotional stimuli. Twenty-eight features were extracted from these signals. For classification of negative emotions, four machine learning algorithms, namely, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Classification And Regression Tree (CART), Self Organizing Map (SOMs), and Naive Bayes were used. The 70% of the whole datasets were selected randomly for training and the remaining patterns are used for testing purposes. Testing accuracy by using the 30% datasets ranged from 32.4% to 46.9% and, consequently the selected physiological features didn't contribute to classify the three negative emotions. In the further work, we intend to improve emotion recognition accuracy by applying the selected significant features, such as NSCR, SCR, SKT, and FFTap_HF.
Metastable Conformational Structure and Dynamics: Peptides between Gas Phase and Aqueous Solution

The dynamics of biomolecular systems is characterized by the existence of biomolecular conformations which can be understood as metastable geometrical large scale structures [1]. On the longest time scales, biomolecular dynamics is dominated by flipping processes between these conformations, while on shorter time scales, the dynamical behavior is governed by flexibility within these conformations, resulting in a rich temporal multiscale structure of timedependent observables. The purpose of this chapter is to elucidate on the possibility of constructing reduced models reflecting the ”effective dynamics”. It is a promising idea to describe the effective dynamics of a biomolecular systems by means of a Markov chain with discrete states D1, . , Dm, representing the metastable conformations, and a transition matrix P = (pkj), describing the ”flipping dynamics” between these states. The problem of efficient algorithmic identification of the metastable conformations is a challenging problem, recently there have been several set-oriented approaches to this problem [2–4]. In the context of the present work Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are used to extract the effective dynamics between hidden metastable molecule conformations from observable time series. e.g. the torsional angles of the backbone of biopolymers obtained by MD simulations [5]. In addition, the flexibility within conformations can be modelled by stochastic differential equations (SDE), thus comprising the HmmSde model [6–8]. As the description of internal flexibility by SDEs also accounts for relaxation from one metastable conformation to another, this approach narrows the gap between ”flipping dynamics” and transition path computation, as described in, e.g., [9]. We will herein first explain the background of the (set-oriented) transfer operator approach and the HmmSde scheme. In the second part of this contribution we will discuss application to conformation dynamics of a prototypical dipeptide, spanning the range from gas phase to aqueous solution.
SELF-FOCUSING EFFECTS IN COMPACT C-BAND STANDING-WAVE ACCELERATING STRUCTURE FOR X-RAY IMAGING APPLICATIONS

In electron RF linacs for industrial X-ray imaging applications, compact structures are preferred for mobility. The electron beam spot size of 1 – 2 mm is required for the spatial resolution of images at the X-ray conversion target. Applying self-focusing effects to the accelerating structure, external magnets can be removed and then the accelerator system becomes more compact. We design a C-band electron linac, which is capable of producing 6MeV, 80-mA pulsed electron beams with an RF power of 1.5 MW. It uses a bi-periodic and on-axis-coupled accelerating structure with a built-in bunching section. It uses the �a /2-mode standing-waves. The first bunching cell has an asymmetric geometry which maximizes the RF phase focusing. On the other hand, the normal cells are designed for the electrostatic focusing to be maximized. In this paper, we present design details of the accelerating cells and the beam dynamics simulation by the PARMELA code.
Eric: A Special-Purpose Processor for ERI Calculations in Quantum Chemistry Applications

Ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculation is useful for solving many challenging problems regarding the development of new drugs, chemicals, polymers, materials, and so on. In the EHPC (Embedded High Performance Computing) project, we are now developing a specialpurpose computer system for ab initio MO calculations in order to reduce the calculation time. The sequential execution time of ab initio MO is O(N) where N is the number of basis functions, the heaviest computation being the electron repulsion integrals (ERI's). In order to accelerate ab initio MO calculations, it is necessary to develop a special-purpose processor for ERI calculation. Using the characteristics of ERI in the Obara algorithm makes it possible to reduce the calculation time. In this work, we investigate a chip-multiprocessor (CMP) architecture, called Eric, for an application-specific processor able to perform fast ERI computations.
The Impact of the Iraq War on the Country Beta of MENA Markets

This paper utilizes the Kalman filter approach to examine the impact of the Iraq war on the country betas of 11 equity markets in the MENA region. The Kalman filter model allows the country beta to vary over time conditional on the interaction with Iraq war dummy in the transition equation. The results show that the Iraq war has a positive impact on the country betas of all the MENA countries under study but statistically significant for Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, and Kuwait. The Iraq war has created a sudden shift in the time paths of the country betas, which reflected in a significant structural break and a dramatic increase of these equity market risks in the region. Although the impact of this geopolitical event is found to be limited to four markets in the region, the results correspond to the impact of the geopolitical events like the Iraq war on equity markets.
Evaluating the Impact of Outsourcing Strategy on Procurement Performance of Selected Technical Universities in Ghana

Due to globalization, outsourcing has become one of the widely embraced strategies for delivering outstanding services in the educational sector. However, in spite of the increasing trend in outsourcing arrangements, there are inadequate literature underpinnings on how outsourcing activities affect the performance of educational institutions in Ghana. In order to bridge that gap, this research seeks to evaluate the effects of outsourcing strategy on procurement performance of some selected Technical Universities in Ghana. The main data collection instrument employed in this study is the structured questionnaire. The study employed the purposive and stratified sampling technique. The findings revealed that contracting, comprehensive outsourcing, licensing agreement and selective outsourcing strategies were main determinants of procurement performance of Technical Universities in Ghana. The study recommends that technical universities in Ghana should put more emphasis on training and information sharing in order to improve procurement performance. All procurement processes should be automated so as to reduce the error rates and discrepancies in the process and align the procurement procedures to the Public Procurement Act. This is because efficient procurement process could be used as a competitive advantage.
LIVE VIDEO STREAMING USING ANDROID

Nowadays, most of the users have smart phone that supports videos as well as have fast internet connection. Mobile learning, also known as m-learning, is a convenient, means of delivering an informational content to learners using current mobile technology. This paper proposes framework which allow the mobile devices to receive live streaming service using client server approach. The mobile devices, as a client, will connect to the server and receive a digital broadcast including decode and display the schedule of events in real time mode, as proof of the concept, in the Android platform. This paper shows that users can access live streaming and display images in a good quality through their mobile. Moreover, users are capable to select the required date to get real time schedule of TV event on Android smart phone.
Comparison of Flow Dynamics and Bifurcation Angles in Tributary and Distributary Channel Networks

The dynamics of channel mouth bifurcations on river deltas can be understood using theory developed in tributary channel networks. Bifurcations in groundwater-fed tributary networks have been shown to evolve dependent on diffusive groundwater flow patterns directly adjacent to the channel network, producing a critical angle of 72◦. We test the hypothesis that bifurcation angles in distributary channel networks are likewise dictated by a diffusive external flow field, in this case the shallow surface water surrounding the subaqueous portion of distributary channels in a deltaic setting. We measured 25 unique distributary bifurcations in an experimental delta and 197 bifurcations in 10 natural deltas, yielding a mean angle of 70.4 ◦ ± 2.6 ◦ (95% confidence interval) for natural field-scale deltas and a mean angle of 68.3 ◦ ± 8.7 ◦ for the experimental delta, consistent with the theoretical prediction. Further analysis shows that angles cluster around the critical angle over small measurement length-scales relative to channel width, even at the moment that channel bifurcations initiate. Distributary channel bifurcations are important features in both modern systems, where the channels control water, sediment, and nutrient routing, and in river delta stratigraphy, where the channel networks can dictate large-scale stratigraphic heterogeneity. Although distributary networks do not mirror tributary networks perfectly, the similar control and expression of bifurcation angles suggests that additional morphodynamic insight may be gained from further comparative study.
Differential effects of intensity and response preparation components of acoustic warning signals

Abstract It is known that the increase of intensity on a warning signal (WS) usually decreases reaction times to targets and occasionally is accompanied by a startle reflex reaction that influences the speediness of response execution. In a simple detection task (Experiment 1), a detection task with catch trials (Experiment 2) and a Go-NoGo discrimination task (Experiment 3), we studied the relationship between response preparation and alerting mechanisms operating upon the presentation of warning signals. A WS was presented either synchronously with the target (simultaneous condition) or 1400 ms before it (delayed condition). In all three experiments, the intensity of the WS and the simultaneity between WS and target were orthogonally manipulated. Results confirmed shorter reaction times by increasing the WS intensity. In Experiment 1, all conditions presented a clear acoustic intensity effect. In Experiment 2 we observed shorter reaction times in higher intensity conditions but only when the WS and the target were presented simultaneously. In Experiment 3, the intensity effect was observed only when the WS preceded the target. In all experiments, trials where the WS triggered a startle reflex showed a systematic increase in reaction time, which was independent of response preparation and task demands. In general, our findings suggest that response preparation modulates the alerting mechanisms, as a function of task set, but not the startle reflex. The dissociation between intensity, response preparation and startle supports the interdependence between these mechanisms elicited by the presentation of warning signals.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF METRONIDAZOLE SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING TABLETS

Objective: The objective of the present study is the preparation of metronidazole (MZ) floating tablets that are designed to retain in the stomach for a long time for better eradication of Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) , a main cause of peptic ulcer disease. Methods: Synthetic and natural polymers were studied for their floating potential in the presence of sodium bicarbonate, namely: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carbopol 974P, sodium alginate{low and medium viscosity (LV & MV) grades}, locust gum and guar gum. Hardness, floating ability, release profiles and kinetics as well as DSC / FT-IR were studied. Results: Results of both DSC and FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that there was no interaction between the drug and any of the proposed polymers. Carbopol 974P based tablets showed an unacceptable floating lag time (2 h) and did not maintain good tablet integrity. All other formulas were able to float after few seconds and showed buoyancy for more than 24 h. Meanwhile, sustained profiles of MZ release were obtained. After 6 h the amount of MZ released were: 75.11 %, 61.26 %, 54.56 %, 54.25 % and 43.42 % from sodium alginate-LV, HPMC-K4M, guar gum, locust gum and sodium alginate-MV based tablets, respectively. Kinetically, among the 5 assessed models, the release pattern of MZ from the tablets fitted best to Zero order and Hixson & Crowell Cube-Root models. Conclusion: These stomach targeted dosage forms could maintain the minimum inhibitory concentration for sufficient time to allow for local eradication and thereby achieve better efficiency of therapy with improved patient compliance, reduced costs and minimized side effects caused by immediate release dosage forms.
TIME INTEGRATION SCHEME THAT ELIMINATES HIGH FREQUENCY NOISE BY DIGITAL FILTER

2 SUMMARY In the dynamic analysis of the nonlinear system with large degrees of freedom, stability of computation is an essential problem. Since noise in high frequency range often triggers instability of the computation, various time integration schemes that have an effect to dampen the noise, such as Wilson method, have been developed. This paper presents a digital filtering time integration (DFTI) scheme, which eliminates high frequency noise by using digital filtering technique. Usage of digital filter enables the implementation of widely adjustable damping. It can implement various frequency characteristics that other conventional time integration schemes can not have. Theory and computation process are described in the paper. The frequency characteristics of the DFTI scheme are also investigated and compared with those of conventional time integration methods. It is shown that the DFTI scheme can eliminate high frequency noise efficiently and that it does not deteriorate the accuracy of the analysis in the frequency range of practical concern. DFTI scheme can work with various conventional time integration methods, and it is applied to a central difference method in this paper. Efficiency of the DFTI scheme is illustrated by the numerical example of a nonlinear dynamic analysis. The results show that the DFTI scheme can eliminate high frequency noise without losing accuracy of the analysis.
The Effect of Physical Activity and Gender on Well Being and Body Image of Adolescents

The aim of the current study is to investigate the interaction between gender and physical activity with the three variables (subjective happiness, self-esteem and body image). More specifically, we will test if there is a difference between the variables (subjective happiness, self-esteem and body image) and if any gender differences are present. Method: A hundred and eleven (111) adolescent students (58 girls, 53 boys) who ranged in age from 13 to 17 years participated in the study. Because the participants were adolescents, their parents first completed the inform consent for their child’s participation. Then the students completed demographic factors in order to allocate them in exercisers or no-exercisers and sexual orientation and the three questionnaires. A 2 (exercisers, non-exercisers) × 2 (male, female) × 3 (Self Esteem Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Social Physique Anxiety Scale) multivariate ANOVA was conducted. Results: The statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between the three variables (Self Esteem Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale and Social Physique Anxiety Scale). Furthermore, it revealed a significant main effect of exercisers on Self Esteem Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale and Social Physique Anxiety Scale but not significant effect of gender on the three variables, as well as a non-significant interaction of group and gender on the three variables. Conclusion: These findings are both in consistency with previous literature that exercise has mental prosperities in adolescents, but also in non-consistency as gender is concerned. As a result, future studies could be conducted in order to investigate further the impact of physical activity and gender in self-esteem, subjective happiness and social physique anxiety.
And who is your neighbor? Explaining denominational differences in charitable giving and volunteering in the Netherlands

We study differences in contributions of time and money to churches and non-religious nonprofit organizations between members of different religious denominations in the Netherlands. We hypothesize that contributions to religious organizations are based on involvement in the religious community, while contributions to non-religious organizations are more likely to be rooted in prosocial values such as altruism, equality, and responsibility for the common good, which are socialized in religious traditions. Data from the first wave of the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey (n=1,964) support the hypotheses. We find higher levels of volunteerism and generosity among members of Protestant churches than among Catholics and the non-religious. Higher contributions to church among members of Protestant churches are mostly due to higher levels of church attendance and social pressure to contribute. In contrast, higher contributions to non-religious organizations by members of Protestant churches, especially charitable donations, are mostly due to prosocial values.
Alternative Forms of Enhanced Boussinesq Equations with Improved Nonlinearity

We propose alternative forms of the Boussinesq equations which extend the equations of Madsen and Schaffer by introducing extra nonlinear terms during enhancement. Theoretical analysis shows that nonlinear characteristics are considerably improved. A numerical implementation of one-dimensional equations is described. Three tests involving strongly nonlinear evolution, namely, regular waves propagating over an elevated bar feature in a tank with an otherwise constant depth, wave group transformation over constant water depth, and nonlinear shoaling of unsteady waves over a sloping beach, are simulated by the model. The model is found to be effective.
Estimation of the faeces output of ǵrazinǵ animals from the concentration of chromium sesquioxide in a sample of faeces

Estimation of the mean daily concentration of chromium sesquioxide (Cr,O,) in the faeces of ruminant animals is frequently attempted by analysis of small samples taken manually from the rectum at one or two fixed times of day. Kane, Jacobson & Moore (1952) studied the diurnal pattern of Cr,O, excretion by stalled cows and suggested that rectal, or 'grab', samples taken during the periods 04.00-06.00 h and 13.00-15.00 h would, when combined, yield a value for Cr,O, concentration similar to the 24 h mean. A similar system has been used for grazing cattle by Lancaster, Coup & Percival (1953), Smith & Reid (1955) and many other workers. The validity of the technique has been criticized on the grounds that the diurnal pattern of Cr203 excretion is not stable and varies with any change in the pattern of feeding behaviour (Raymond & Minson, 1955). Many workers consider that the possible errors and biases are so large as to be unacceptable, which is unfortunate as grab sampling is very easy to carry out and involves no difficulties in obtaining separate samples for individual animals. However, the validity of the method has been studied only when Cr,O, has been given as a quick-release dose, usually as gelatin capsules containing the marker in a finely divided form. It was thought that better results might be obtained with the dose in a form that would be retained for a longer time in the reticulo-rumen and give a sustained release of Cr,O, leading to more even mixing with digesta. Balch, Reid & Stroud (1957) suggested that Cr203 macaroni (Edin, KihlCn & Nordfeldt, 1944-5) should be used, but we found (unpublished observations) that the line describing changes with time in the concentration of Cr203 in digesta flowing through the duodenum of a sheep after administration of a single dose of the macaroni was intermediate between those presenting the result from the administration of Cr,O, incorporated in a specially prepared paper or in a capsule. Such a line gives an indication of the rate of clearance of Cr,03 from the reticulorumen (Corbett, Greenhalgh & McDonald, 1958). Results of a subsequent trial (Langlands, 1962) in which sheep received Cr,O, macaroni or the paper regularly and in standard amounts were consistent with these observations in that variability in the faecal concentration of Cr,O, tended to be greater when the macaroni rather than the paper was administered. * Present address : CSIRO Division of Animal Physiology, Annidale, NSW, Australia.
Processi isomorfici, innovazione e cambiamento

Obiettivo . Il lavoro, al fine di contribuire al dibattito sull’innovazione, propone la lettura del tema secondo la matrice ‘situazionista’, focalizzando l’attenzione sulle dinamiche intra ed inter organizzative che aprono al cambiamento e avviano processi di istituzionalizzazione. Metodologia . Il lavoro, di taglio teorico, affronta il tema in ragione dell’integrazione tra approccio politico e approccio neo-istituzionalista. L’analisi dei processi di cambiamento e innovazione appare di fatto legata alle strategie dei differenti attori, alle relazioni di potere che tra essi si creano, pur nei limiti posti alla liberta degli stessi dal quadro istituzionale pro-tempore definito. Risultati . Il cambiamento e l’innovazione risultano essere frutto - solo in parte intenzionale - dell’azione strategica di una coalizione pro-tempore dominante. In questo quadro le condotte isomorfiche assumono ruolo rilevante nel rapporto circolare tra innovazione e cambiamento. Implicazioni pratiche . La rilettura dei processi di cambiamento ridimensiona la portata dei modelli predittivi di valutazione, progettazione e implementazione dell’innovazione e si riflette sulle competenze richieste al manager. Quest’ultimo non puo che puntare su capacita di lettura del contesto competitivo e istituzionale, al fine di orientarsi nelle fitte trame del cambiamento organizzativo. Limiti della ricerca . La matrice epistemologica situazionista, nel puntare a una visione piu concreta e vicina alla realta del fenomeno, priva l’operatore e lo studioso del ‘rassicurante’ scenario delle pratiche prescrittive sull’innovazione. Originalita del lavoro . La lettura del cambiamento e dell’innovazione, attraverso l’integrazione tra approccio politico e neo-istituzionalista, fa emergere elementi del processo innovativo poco considerati, o deliberatamente trascurati, dalla letteratura prevalente.