Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of functional MR to map language in multilingual volunteers.

PURPOSE To use functional MR imaging to compare brain activation during processing of languages in which multilingual volunteers are fluent with brain activation during processing of languages in which they are not fluent. METHODS Echoplanar images were obtained for five right-handed male multilingual subjects who performed a language task in three languages, one of which was a language in which the subject was not fluent. The functional MR technique included echoplanar images obtained at 1 per second during cycles of rest and performance of the task, from which functional images were processed by means of cross-correlation analysis. The numbers of active pixels in each volunteer and for each language were compared. RESULTS Activation was noted in the left frontal lobe in all subjects performing language tasks. In each subject, the number of activated pixels was greatest for the language in which the subject was least fluent. CONCLUSION Functional MR imaging shows differences in the processing of different languages in multilingual volunteer subjects, depending on the level of fluency in the language, and it is an effective functional imaging method for studying the processing of different languages.
Do Islamic Societies Need Their Own Accounting and Reporting Standards

Islamic societies generally discourage the use of interest in business transactions. Usury is disallowed. Therefore, there exists a need for developing accounting and reporting standards that are relevant to Muslim firms. Accounting standards for firms in Islamic societies need to be broad and flexible. Too specific and complex rules are likely to impose costs on the firms and on the community. The accounting and reporting policy choices are likely to reflect the firms’ contracting environments. Given the nature of the contracts, managers need to be encouraged to provide detailed information about the firms’ performance both in financial and social domains.
Control of a 3-phase 4 wire grid connected converter with active power filter and var compensation functionality for nonlinear loads

This paper presents control of real power and reactive power together with active filter functionality of a grid connected voltage source converter for 3-phase, 4 wire system in order to eliminate harmonic currents associated with non-linear load in each phase. A classical instantaneous real and reactive power control method is used together with a harmonic elimination technique. A three-phase voltage source converter is used to control the reference current based on fixed hysteresis band current control. The active and reactive power are independently controlled whilst the grid current is compensated to be nearly sinusoidal waveform. The simulation results verify the correctness of operation for the proposed functions using MATLAB/Simulink.
Implementation of Gabor filter to texture analysis of radiographs in the assessment of osteoporosis

Multi-channel filtering implemented using the Gabor function, or Gabor filter, is capable of mimicking characteristics of the human visual system. In the assessment of osteoporosis, Gabor filter is used to calculate features from a trabecular pattern recorded on radiographs of a proximal femur. The assessment of osteoporosis can be done by observing and analyzing the trabecular pattern in the proximal femur. The feature extraction method used is energy calculation. The energy then is used for assessment or classification. The predetermined Singh index of the trabecular pattern is used to justify the classification result.
Facility location and distribution decisions in supply chains with fleet sizing considering both tangible and intangible criteria

Abstract This paper addresses location and distribution decisions in supply chains where decisions for locating distribution centers (DCs) and determining the best strategy for shipping products from plants to customers through DCs are taken into consideration. The goal is to select locations of DCs to be opened and to design the network flow of products so that all customers’ demands are satisfied at minimum total cost of the distribution network, while total value of locating DCs and shipping products is maximized. Unlike most of the past research that ignores availability of different transporters with different capacities and costs at each node of the supply chain network, our study takes into account different transportation modes that are available at each potential DC location as well as at each plant, and determines the fleet size on each arc of the network. Furthermore, in addition to opening and operating costs of each potential DC, the decision maker (DM) also takes into account the value of each potential DC location which is calculated through a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method. We develop a two-phase approach to deal with this problem. In the first phase, the decision maker scores and ranks all potential DC locations with regard to a set of criteria, and in the second phase through a multi-objective mixed integer programming (MOMIP) model final location and distribution decisions, which incorporates selection of transportation modes and their associated loads, are made.
T cell receptor Vbeta repertoire usage and clonal expansion of T cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

BACKGROUND In general, it is very important to understand the state of T cell immune response against tumor cells in leukemia patients and it is especially critical to assess the T cell repertoire of untreated patients. As we know, few studies have dealt with the distribution of oligoclonal T cells in leukemia, so we investigated the distribution and clonality of TCR Vbeta repertoire of T cells in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. METHODS The complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of TCR Vbeta24 subfamily genes were amplified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 27 cases with CML using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In order to observe the distribution of TCR Vbeta repertoire, the PCR products were further analyzed by genescan technique to evaluate clonality of the detectable TCR Vbeta T cells. The PCR products of the oligoclonal T cells from three cases were analyzed by direct sequencing to define the sequence of CDR3. RESULTS The expression pattern of TCR Vbeta repertoire in different individuals are different. Vbeta2-21 subfamilies could be detected in CML cases. The frequent usage Vbeta repertoire in CML was Vbeta1, Vbeta2 or Vbeta13. Most of the PCR products from 27 patients displayed polyclonality, while a part of the PCR products from 21 out of 27 samples displayed clonal expansion pattern. The clonal expanded T cells in CML could be found in Vbeta16 subfamilies. The frequent usage of Vbeta genes in clonal expansion was Vbeta3, Vbeta13 or Vbeta21. Multiple Vbeta clonal expansion was a general phenomenon in the same patient. The CDR3 sequence of Vbeta21 oligoclonal T cells from 3 cases showed some difference in splice regions and in the usage of J segments. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that clonal expanded T cells could be found in patients with CML and were tendentious in Vbeta3, Vbeta13 and Vbeta21 subfamilies that may be related to the specific immune response for leukemia cell associated antigen.
Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of sorghum products.

BACKGROUND Sorghum, a small-seeded grass, is an important food crop and chief energy source for the people of semi-arid regions of the world. In India, sorghum production/consumption decreased after the 'green revolution', but it is now regaining momentum owing to numerous health and nutritional benefits. An understanding of the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of staples can help in choosing suitable foods for the prevention and control of diabetes. In view of this, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the GI and GL of different sorghum foods and compare them with those of wheat/rice based foods. RESULTS The GI of sorghum-based foods such as coarse semolina upma (P < 0.05), fine semolina upma (P < 0.01), flakes poha (P < 0.01) and pasta (P < 0.01) was significantly lower than that of their respective control (wheat/rice-based) foods. All sorghum-based foods showed significantly lower GL (P < 0.01) than their respective control (wheat/rice-based) foods. CONCLUSION A few sorghum-based products have low GI (<55; coarse semolina upma, fine semolina upma, flakes poha and pasta) and all sorghum-based products (with the exception of sorghum roti) tested in the present study have lower GL than their respective wheat/rice-based foods. Consumption of low-GI and low-GL sorghum-based foods may help in decreasing postprandial blood glucose levels.
Centralization of treasury management 2010

The book consists of five parts: 1. Treasury management and its responsibilities (Chapter 1‐4); 2. Decentralized treasury (Chapter 5); 3. Different phases of the centralization (Chapter 6‐9); 4. Outsourcing (Chapter 10) 5. Regional treasury centres (Chapter 11); 6. Best practices in a bank (Chapter 12); In the first part, the author describes the treasury management focusing on its three core responsibilities, such as assets and liabilities management, cash management, and financial risk management. The second part zooms in on decentralized treasury and decisions about the appropriate degree of centralization/decentralization of the treasury activities. Then we focus on the different phases of the process of centralization, from central interest rate and foreign exchange management through centralization of cash and liquidity management, then transaction processing up to fully centralized treasury. In part four we continue by discussing outsourcing as the next stage following centralization to achieve additional economic benefits. The fifth part contains especially a number of the location criteria, both tax and non‐tax, that must be evaluated during consideration where to establish the regional treasury centre. The last part deals with banking best practices in cash pooling from the point of view of the author that works in one of the top banks in Central and Eastern Europe region.
Complex phasor modeling and control of modular multilevel inverters

Modular multilevel power converters in a ‘bridge of bridge’ configuration have been introduced recently for realizing ac-dc, dc-ac and ac-ac power conversion functions with voltage step-up and step-down capability, bidirectional power flow and transformerless operation. While different modulation and control approaches have been introduced in an ad-hoc manner in the introductory literature, definitive models that may be used to characterize the steady state and dynamic performance are just beginning to be uncovered. It is the objective of this paper to introduce a canonical phasor or complex vector model to represent the ac variables along with the dc variables that are unique to this family of converters. The model is used to develop a suitable control approach using established techniques. The complex vector model is represented in the synchronously rotating dq reference frame, and illustrated using an application of a dc-ac step-up inverter for residential photovoltaic applications.
Production of mouse by inter-strain inner cell mass replacement

The developmental ability of reconstructed blastocysts from C57BL/6 strain mouse inner cell masses (ICMs) and Kunming strain mouse trophoblasts was assessed. The procedure of ICM replacement was as follows: C57BL/6 ICMs were separated from the blastocysts using immunosurgery. A slit was made in the zona pellucida of a Kunming blastocyst to allow its ICM to extrude. The C57BL/6 ICM was injected into the Kunming blastocoele, and the extruded Kunming ICM was cut off. The reconstructed blastocysts were able to re-expand (77%) and hatch (27.3%) in vitro. A total of 64 reconstructed blastocysts and 124 Kunming blastocysts were co-transferred into the uteri of 11 pseudopregnant Kunming mice, and an ICM replacement offspring was born. The results indicate that reconstructed embryos obtained by inter-strain ICM replacement have the ability to develop to term. This technique may provide a method to solve the pregnancy failure in interspecific cloning.
Detection of a Substantial Molecular Gas Reservoir in a Brightest Cluster Galaxy at z = 1.7

We report the detection of CO(2–1) emission coincident with the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the high-redshift galaxy cluster SpARCS1049+56, with the Redshift Search Receiver (RSR) on the Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT). We confirm a spectroscopic redshift for the gas of z = 1.7091 ± 0.0004, which is consistent with the systemic redshift of the cluster galaxies of z = 1.709. The line is well fit by a single-component Gaussian with an RSR-resolution-corrected FWHM of 569 ± 63 km s−1. We see no evidence for multiple velocity components in the gas, as might be expected from the multiple image components seen in near-infrared imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure the integrated flux of the line to be 3.6 ± 0.3 Jy km s−1, and using = 0.8 M⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1, we estimate a total molecular gas mass of 1.1 ± 0.1 × 1011 M⊙ and a MH2/M⋆ ∼ 0.4. This is the largest gas reservoir detected in a BCG above z > 1 to date. Given the infrared-estimated star formation rate of 860 ± 130 M⊙ yr−1, this corresponds to a gas depletion timescale of ∼0.1 Gyr. We discuss several possible mechanisms for depositing such a large gas reservoir to the cluster center—e.g., a cooling flow, a major galaxy–galaxy merger, or the stripping of gas from several galaxies—but conclude that these LMT data are not sufficient to differentiate between them.
SERCA pump activity is physiologically regulated by presenilin and regulates amyloid beta production.

Green et al. 2008. J. Cell Biol. doi:10.1083/jcb.200706171 [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] [1]: {openurl}? query=rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1083%252Fjcb.200706171%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F18591429%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%
Profinite Semigroups, Varieties, Expansions and the Structure of Relatively Free Profinite Semigroups

Building on the now generally accepted thesis that profinite semigroups are important to the study of finite semigroups, this paper proposes to apply various of the techniques, already used in studying algebraic semigroups, to profinite semigroups. The goal in mind is to understand free profinite semigroups on a finite set. To do this we define profinite varieties. We then introduce expansions of profinite semigroups, giving examples of several classes of such expansions. These expansions will then be useful in studying various structural properties of relatively free profinite semigroups, since these semigroups will be fixed points of certain expansions. This study also requires a look at profinite categories, semigroupoids, and Cayley graphs, all of which we handle in turn. We also study the structure of the minimal ideal of relatively free profinite semigroups showing, in particular, that the minimal ideal of the free profinite semigroup on a finite set with more than two generators is not a relatively free profinite completely simple semigroup, as well as some generalizations to related pseudovarieties.
Pigment cells trigger the onset of gastrulation in tropical sea urchin Echinometra mathaei

In the tropical sea urchin Echinometra mathaei, pigment cells are just detectable before the onset of gastrulation, owing to an early accumulation of red pigment granules. Taking advantage of this feature, behavior of pigment cells was studied in relation to the processes of gastrulation. Before the initiation of primary invagination, pigment cells were arranged in a hemi‐circle in the dorsal half of the vegetal plate. Inward bending of the vegetal plate first occurred at the position occupied by pigment cells, while the bending was not conspicuous in the ventral half of the blastopore. Rhodamine–phalloidin staining showed that actin filaments were abundant at the apical corticies of pigment cells. It was also found that the onset of gastrulation was considerably delayed in the NiCl2‐treated embryos, in which pigment cells were drastically reduced in number. It is notable that the NiCl2‐treated embryos began to gastrulate on schedule if they contained a number of pigment cells in spite of treatment. This shows that pigment cells are the bottle cells that trigger the onset of gastrulation. In the embryos devoid of pigment cells, a short stub‐like gut rudiment formed in a delayed fashion, and several secondary mesenchyme cells (SMC) appeared at the tip of the rudiment and elongated gradually until its tip reached the apical plate. This observation suggests that the SMC that pull the gut rudiment upward are not pigment cells but blastocoelar cells, because pigment cells change their fate to blastocoelar cells upon NiCl2‐treatment.
Surveying the use of sound in online stores

Purpose – To examine some of the issues surrounding the integration of auditory features at online stores with reference to social and experiential implications of implementing auditory atmospherics, product presentation techniques and other features to the online context.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 70 online retail, manufacturer and representational web sites are surveyed recording and categorising their use of sound. Discussion is developed on projected directions for the use of sound online, adopting examples like product demonstrations to highlight conceptual and practical differences.Findings – Of the small number of web sites using sound, most are large corporations who employ audio features to enhance the display of products and within multimedia features. Sound is not used consistently for all products on offer or all parts of the store. Discussion centres on potential impact of auditory technologies for social and experiential aspects of shopping online and on how sound may better be.
Survey on covert channels in virtual machines and cloud computing

Covert channels have been known for a long time because of their versatile forms of appearance. For nearly every technical improvement or change in technology, such channels have been (re‐)created or known methods have been adapted. For example, the introduction of hyperthreading technology has introduced new possibilities for covert communication between malicious processes because they can now share the arithmetic logical unit as well as the L1 and L2 caches, which enable establishing multiple covert channels. Even virtualization, which is known for its isolation of multiple machines, is prone to covert‐ and side‐channel attacks because of the sharing of resources. Therefore, it is not surprising that cloud computing is not immune to this kind of attacks. Moreover, cloud computing with multiple, possibly competing users or customers using the same shared resources may elevate the risk of illegitimate communication. In such a setting, the “air gap” between physical servers and networks disappears, and only the means of isolation and virtual separation serve as a barrier between adversary and victim. In the work at hand, we will provide a survey on vulnerable spots that an adversary could exploit trying to exfiltrate private data from target virtual machines through covert channels in a cloud environment. We will evaluate the feasibility of example attacks and point out proposed mitigation solutions in case they exist.
The impact of ischemic postconditioning on ischemic skin flap injuries.

UNLABELLED ﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿ Ischemic postconditioning (IPOC) is a useful manipulation to reduce the undesirable effects of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The effects of IPOC were studied in an axial pattern skin flap model. METHODS The skin flaps of 40 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Ischemic postconditioning was performed using six 10-second cycles of repeated ischemia/reperfusion periods. The animals were al- located into four groups: group 1 (control); group 2 (ischemia); group 3 (postconditioning); group 4 (postconditioning 10 minutes later). Flap viability was assessed 1 week after the operation. The surviving flap area was recorded as a percentage of the entire flap area. Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test was used for statistical analysis among different groups to evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning against ischemia. RESULTS The mean ± SD of surviving flap areas for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 97.86 ± 0.62, 31.64 ± 1.04, 48.95 ± 0.82, and 30.01 ± 1.12, respectively. Statistical difference did not exist between group 2 and 4, but they were statistically different (P < 0.05) when compared to group 1 or group 3. CONCLUSION Ischemic postconditioning has a protective effect on ischemic flaps, but post- conditioning should be performed just after the ischemic event. ﻿﻿﻿.
Efficiency of diversion of the first aliquot of blood and prestorage leukoreduction for preventing bacterial contamination in red blood cell concentrates assessed using a rapid polymerase chain reaction‐based bacterial detection system

Objectives: Sepsis caused by the bacterial contamination of blood products is a major infection risk associated with blood transfusion. Diversion of the initial 25 mL of blood and prestorage leukoreduction were implemented in Japan in 2007 for all donated blood products. We assessed the efficacy of these new collection procedures in preventing bacterial contamination of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates.
The SWISS-PROT protein sequence data bank and its supplement TrEMBL

SWISS-PROT is a curated protein sequence database which strives to provide a high level of annotations (such as the description of the function of a protein, structure of its domains, post-translational modifications, variants, etc.), a minimal level of redundancy and high level of integration with other databases. Recent developments of the database include: an increase in the number and scope of model organisms; cross-references to two additional databases; a variety of new documentation files and the creation of TrEMBL, a computer annotated supplement to SWISS-PROT. This supplement consists of entries in SWISS-PROT-like format derived from the translation of all coding sequences (CDS) in the EMBL nucleotide sequence database, except the CDS already included in SWISS-PROT.
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with a New Anticoagulant: Rivaroxaban

A 28-year-old man who was being treated with diltiazem (60 mg/ day) and oral methylprednisolone (32 mg on alternate days) (6th month of Pozzi protocol [1]) for IgA nephropathy was admitted to our hospital with bilateral lower extremity non-blanching palpable purpura that occurred 10 days following the addition of 20 mg of rivaroxaban once daily for acute deep venous thrombosis in the right popliteal vein by another physician. There was no significant finding in the physical examination except for purpura. The complete blood count, metabolic panel, urine analysis, coagulation studies, infectious serologies, rheumatologic work-up, and serum immunoglobulin E level were all within normal limits. Rivaroxaban was replaced with subcutaneous enoxaparin sodium at 6000 IU twice a day, and the skin lesions disappeared within 1 week. Two weeks later, the patient was prescribed rivaroxaban at 10 mg a day again by the same physician who was following the patient for deep venous thrombosis because of the rarity of LCV due to rivaroxaban in the literature. Bilateral lower extremity purpura (Figure 1) reoccurred within 3 days of retreatment and a skin biopsy revealed neutrophil-predominant infiltrations within and surrounding the dermal small vessels, nuclear dust, vessel wall damage, erythrocyte extravasation, and fibrin deposition concurrent with vasculitis. Rivaroxaban was discontinued and enoxaparin was administered again, and the skin lesions resolved. The patient was in a clinically steady state for IgA nephropathy during the two episodes of vasculitis.