Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is There a Club of Former Centrally Planned Economies, Given the Empirical Evidence for Their Growth and Convergence Patterns?

Our analysis provides evidence in support of the following assumptions: i) poorer Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) countries are growing faster than relatively richer ones; hence there is absolute ? convergence; ii) when control variables are included into our model, larger (negative) ? coefficients are displayed, supporting the phenomenon of conditional convergence; iii) we estimate the speed of unconditional convergence to the (club’s) steady state lies within the range of 1.6 to 3.4 per cent, whereas the speed of conditional convergence remains within the range of 2.9 to 5.1 per cent; iv) there is no evidence of sigma (? ) convergence, in fact there is significant increase in the dispersion of the levels of income across the economies under consideration; v) high resource abundance (within the setting of this club of countries) is associated with high economic growth; vi) high resource abundance within a broader background (including the CEE and CCA, plus OECD countries) is associated with overall negative impact on economic growth (Sachs and Warner, 1995), however a net negative effect obtains only in countries with poor institutional settings (Mehlum et al, 2006); vii) location matters for growth – the nearer a country is located to Berlin or Stockholm (whichever nearer), the higher the rate of economic growth; viii) high quality of governance has strong positive effect on economic growth; ix) the higher the educational attainment (proxy for quality of human capital), the higher the real GDP growth; and, x) these countries are expected to reach half the distance to their (unconditional) non-growth steady state in around 50 years, though this may not guarantee catch-up with the industrialised countries
Designing and Developing E-Passport System Using & Asp.Net Implanting E-government Concepts

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the importance of using E-Systems encountered in E-Government development and implementation in Sudan. The study described the E-Government initiatives and pointed out the benefits of E-passport system which could be realized throughout the adoption of E-Government. The study suggested some priority areas of E-Government initiatives in Sudan. The study also discussed Sudan E-Government current status. Therefore, it outlined the barriers and challenges impeded Sudan E-Government development. The study stated the country readiness for E-Government adoption weaknesses. Finally, the study recommended that proper orientation should be given to E-Government adoption and development in Sudan. Keywords: E-Passport, E-Government challenges, Sudan E-Government initiatives, Asp.net, XML
Requirements for Brand Managers in Ukraine and the Czech Republic: Identification and Comparison

Purpose of the article: This paper represents a set of requirements placed on brand managers when they are first approached by recruiters in both Ukraine and the Czech Republic. Methodology/methods: To conclude a successful empirical research, Berelson’s content analysis method was used to study the texts of recruitment advertisements on career portals. Statistical verification of the results was conducted using the Pearson chi-square test. Scientific aim: The primary goal of the research project was to examine the situation of brand manager positions offered in the researched labour markets and to provide answers to the questions arising from the research assumption: “Employers do not publish different requirements for candidates for the job of Brand Manager in Ukraine and the Czech Republic”. Findings: The result of the actual research project in Ukraine confirmed a fundamental need for applicants for brand manager positions with work experience in marketing (51.4%), knowledge of marketing (33.8%), and experience in the field of the advertiser company’s business (31.1%). The application of information technology was found to be the third most important requirement in Ukraine, at 48.6%, unless the requirements for personality traits and skills were taken into account. The assumption regarding the matching requirements for brand manager positions in the two countries was rejected on the basis of the statistical verification process. The statistical test confirmed the shift of requirements even for & = 0.001 in the tested groups of signs. Conclusions: The data gained by studying publicly available recruitment adverts in the selected regions of Ukraine provided information on the most frequently published requirements for the required education and professional competencies based on professional knowledge, skills and type and length of experience. Comparison of the relative frequencies of requirements for brand manager positions in Ukraine and the Czech Republic indicated differences.
Eje de la violencia simbólica la masculinidad

espanolEn un momento como el actual, cuando se impone la logica de lo inmediato, la autora plantea la necesidad de profundizar desde el punto de vista teorico sobre el Genero,en el ambito de las Ciencias Sociales, en lugar de ofrecer �recetas cambiantes� para los problemas sociales. En ese sentido, la autora invita a la reflexion y el analisis sobre las causas de que persista el patriarcado occidental, a pesar de las politicas publicas puestas en accion para lograr la igualdad de genero EnglishAbstract: Despite the prevailing �logic of immediate satisfaction of needs�, the author explores the need for deeper research in the theoretical aspects of Gender in the field of Social Sciences, instead of offering a range of changing recipes for social problems. Along these lines, she provides a ground for reflection and analysis on the causes of the persistence of the Western patriarchy, despite the public policies aimed at achieving equal rights
Pensions and Growth: A Cointegration Analysis

This article investigates the long-term relationship between economic growth and old-age provision using time series analysis, particularly the techniques of cointegration. The neoclassical growth model by Solow (1956) provides atheoretical basis for the empirical analysis. The results are based onquarterly data from 1970 to 2013 for the US-economy. In this work, the existence of a cointegrating relation between economic growth and pensions is verified by use of scientifically accepted statistical methods and proven for historical US-data. The empirical analysis confirms that improved technological capabilities constitute a very important determinant of growth in the context of neoclassical theory. The effects within the cointegrated relationship cannot be determined at this point and there is no information if the effect is reciprocal or not. For this purpose, further investigations are necessary and can build on the results presented here.
Effect of broodstock diets on reproduction of fish.

Nutrition is known to have a profound effect upon gonadal growth and fecundity, however and recently, little information was available on broodstock nutrition of fish. The purpose of this review is, therefore, to summarize and discuss recent advances in knowledge of broodstock nutrition and to indicate the necessity for further research on detailed nutritional requirements of broodstock.
Analyzing the effect of teaching responsibility on the basis of reality therapy on reducing the aggression in Arak female students

The present research focuses on the impact of teaching responsibility on the basis of reality therapy approach on reduction the aggressive behaviors in the teenagers between 12 to 15 years old. This is a research of semi experimental kind using the experimental and control groups. The sampling society includes the whole female students of Arak guidance schools. In this research 120 students in the guidance school were tested by the AGQ aggression questionnaire and cluster Random sampling method. According to the pre-test grades, 20 students who have got the upper marks were placed in the experimental group and the other 20 were placed in the control group among the other 100 by random. Responsibility was taught on the basis of reality therapy in 8 sessions of 80 minutes length. The functionality and effect of these interferences were assessed and to omit the effect of pre-test the statistic index of covariance analyzes was used. The results showed that with the significance of 0/01 there is a meaningful difference between the experimental and the control group. In other words teaching responsibility taking can reduce the aggression (anger, invasion and hatred) effectively.
Relationship Between Ethical Leadership, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction at Hotel Organizations

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between ethical leadership style, organizational commitment and job satisfaction in hotel industries and to reveal the mediator role of organizational commitment between ethical leadership and job satisfaction. The study was carried out with 371 participants working in four star and five star hotels in Antalya. Following the research, it was found that ethical leadership has a positive effect on organizational commitment and job satisfaction and organizational commitment has a positive effect on job satisfaction. It was also found that organizational commitment has a partial mediator function between ethical leadership and job satisfaction.
Epigenetic polymorphisms could contribute to the genomic conflicts and gene flow barriers resulting to plant hybrid necrosis

The fundamental molecular basis for phenotypic and genetic similarities among many described cases of plant hybrid necrosis has not been fully described. Plants can be good models for studying the basis of such gene flow barriers which occur between species. Many studies in prezygotic barriers like stigma recognition of pollen, environmental adaptation differences and pollinator preferences which can reduce the chances of species mating success have been done. Also studied are post zygotic barriers in gene flow like lack of ecosystem adaptation of hybrids which may include failure of pollinators from being attracted to floral parts due to developmental changes and gene or chromosome incompatibility resulting in genetic isolation. Polyploidy has also been recognized as an isolating force although it might not be the only post zygotic genome isolating force; other forces may also contribute hindrances in the gene flow after zygote formation. Here, papers which have tended to pinpoint the increasing evidence of epigenetic polymorphisms as causes of genomic conflicts which cause barriers to the gene flow resulting in hybrid necrosis in plants were reviewed. Explorations into the mechanisms which unlock hybrid necrosis can help plant breeders to avoid genetic and epigenetic incompatibilities during crop improvement programs. Key words: Hybrid necrosis, heterosis, epigenetic, hybrid sterility, RNAi.
The Nature of Dynamical Explanation*

The received view of dynamical explanation is that dynamical cognitive science seeks to provide covering-law explanations of cognitive phenomena. By analyzing three prominent examples of dynamicist research, I show that the received view is misleading: some dynamical explanations are mechanistic explanations and in this way resemble computational and connectionist explanations. Interestingly, these dynamical explanations invoke the mathematical framework of dynamical systems theory to describe mechanisms far more complex and distributed than the ones typically considered by philosophers. Therefore, contemporary dynamicist research reveals the need for a more sophisticated account of mechanistic explanation.
Global analysis of cetacean line-transect surveys: detecting trends in cetacean density

Measuring the effect of anthropogenic change on cetacean populations is hampered by our lack of understanding about population status and a lack of power in the available data to detect trends in abundance. Often long-term data from repeated surveys are lacking, and alterna- tive approaches to trend detection must be considered. We utilised an existing database of line- transect survey records to determine whether temporal trends could be detected when survey effort from around the world was combined. We extracted density estimates for 25 species and fit- ted generalised additive models (GAMs) to investigate whether taxonomic, spatial or methodolog- ical differences among systematic line-transect surveys affect estimates of density and whether we can identify temporal trends in the data once these factors are accounted for. The selected GAM consisted of 2 parts: an intercept term that was a complex interaction of taxonomic, spatial and methodological factors and a smooth temporal term with trends varying by family and ocean basin. We discuss the trends found and assess the suitability of published density estimates for detecting temporal trends using retrospective power analysis. In conclusion, increasing sample size through combining survey effort across a global scale does not necessarily result in sufficient power to detect trends because of the extent of variability across surveys, species and oceans. Instead, results from repeated dedicated surveys designed specifically for the species and geo- graphical region of interest should be used to inform conservation and management.
The Portability of Human Capital and Immigrant Assimilation: Evidence for Spain (Portabilidad del Capital Humano y Asimilación de los Inmigrantes. Evidencia para España)

The existing literature on immigrant assimilation has highlighted the imperfect portability of human capital acquired by immigrants in their country of origin (Chiswick, 1978; Friedberg, 2000). This would explain the low levels of assimilation upon arrival in the new country, as well as the wide initial earnings gap. Recent studies (Chiswick and Miller, 2007 or Green, Kler and Leeves, 2007, among others) have dealt with this issue from the perspective of over-education. This study analyses the portability of immigrants’ human capital into the Spanish job market according to their geographic origin. It also aims to compare the most notable empirical regularities found in the aforementioned studies with the situation in Spain. The results obtained indicate differing degrees of the transferability of human capital depending on geographic origin, as transferability is greater for countries that are highly developed or have a similar culture or language and lower for developing countries and those with more distant cultures. The evidence is relatively disparate for the two components of human capital as although it is particularly clear for schooling, it is less so for experience. The results also confirm that in Spain immigrants suffer from over-education, in both incidence and intensity, implying a higher relative wage penalty and a greater negative impact on immigrants from the second group of countries. As an immigrant’s stay in Spain advances, a process of assimilation does exist, except for Asians and, in some circumstances, those from Sub-Saharan Africa, though the pace is very slow.
Toward Modernization and Internationalization (M&I) of Higher Education Institution

Knowledege based economy will be a matter of time for Indonesia’s future competitiveness. Therefore, to get there, several basic requirements have to be early prepared. Among others, human capital is perhaps the most important requirement for a country to be able to develop an economic condition based on the capability and capacity of knowledge. Human capital is not just Indonesia concern, it is the concern of all countries. In fact, only some countries can create a condition for human capital to grow effectively and efficiently. Mostly, Higher Education Institution (HEI) or university is the main organization that has objective to develop human capital. The pupose of HEI is to develop academic and non-academic capability for student by mean of educating them with a structured curriculla. However, in today’s environmental condition even with similar curriculla, any HEI may ends up with different quality. From this point of view, this paper will discuss and elaborate further on a policy and strategy that enable a HEI can create a competitive education environment for student to grow up to their best competitive conditions.
The number of markers required for parentage assignment.

To enable comparison of the costs of different types of DNA marker systems for parentage testing, it is necessary to make the comparisons at the same level of exclusion power. In this study the numbers of markers of different types that are needed to achieve specified levels of exclusion, for a number of different parentage testing scenarios are examined. Compared with microsatellite systems (with polymorphism typical of those markers currently used by parentage testing laboratories), optimised single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) systems, ‘average’ SNP systems, optimised dominant marker systems, and ‘average’ dominant systems, require about three, four, seven and seventeen times as many markers respectively, when assigning both parents. For partial parentage assignment (taken as 80% progeny having a unique assignment), 130-180 dominant markers are needed for typical parentage testing scenarios. Dominant markers cannot be used to assign sires when dams have not been genotyped.
Combination of Natural Drugs: An Emerging Trend in Cancer Chemotherapy

Cancer is major health burden in developed countries as well as developing countries around the globe. Breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer and colon cancer are responsible for more than 50 percent of total deaths due to cancer . Chemotherapy is most popular and convenient form of treatment against almost all types of cancer. Products of natural origin are employed in chemotherapy for long time in the form of chemopreventive, chemosensitizing and chemotherapeutic agents. Combination drugs chemotherapy is considered to be more effective and safer way of treatment. This short review is an attempt to cover the combination of drugs from plant origin that are effective in most common cancers and their clinical status.
The design and application of corporate social responsibility evaluation index system from the perspective of stakeholders

This paper explored the question that how to establish a comprehensive and objective evaluation system of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in China. The aim of this paper is to investigate analytic framework of quantitative evaluation index system of CSR in accordance with economic reality in China. This paper determines the contents of stakeholders from the perspective of stakeholders, based on which this paper establishes evaluation index system of CSR by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and makes an application analysis in case of COFCO Group, in order to provide quantitative basis for public to supervise and evaluate CSR fulfillment.
A consistent determination of the temperature of the intergalactic medium at redshift 〈z〉 = 2.4

We present new measurements of the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at z∼2.4 derived from absorption line profiles in the Lyα forest. We use a large set of high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations to calibrate the relationship between the temperature-density (T--Δ) relation in the IGM and the distribution of HI column densities, NHI, and velocity widths, bHI, of discrete Lyα forest absorbers. This calibration is then applied to the measurement of the lower cut-off of the bHI--NHI distribution recently presented by Rudie et al. (2012). We infer a power-law T--Δ relation, T=T0Δγ−1, with a temperature at mean density, T0=[1.00+0.32−0.21]×104K and slope (γ−1)=0.54±0.11. The slope is fully consistent with that advocated by the analysis of Rudie et al (2012); however, the temperature at mean density is lower by almost a factor of two, primarily due to an adjustment in the relationship between column density and physical density assumed by these authors. These new results are in excellent agreement with the recent temperature measurements of Becker et al. (2011), based on the curvature of the transmitted flux in the Lyα forest. This suggests that the thermal state of the IGM at this redshift is reasonably well characterised over the range of densities probed by these methods.
Preparation and Oil Filtration Properties of Electrospun Nanofiber Composite Material

In this paper, PVA electrospun nanofiber was prepared on the surface of three different automobile engine oil filtration materials including polyester nonwoven, glass fiber nonwoven, and cotton pulp filtration paper. It was found that the substrate of cotton pulp filtration paper and the nanofiber layer had better adhesive effect. Then we A comparison of fiber diameter, pore diameter, filtration accuracy and pressure drop between the cotton pulp paper and nanofiber composite filtration material was then made. The results show that the nanofiber composite material had smaller pore diameter and filtration accuracy, higher pressure drop, and better oil filtration property. Additionally, the difference of pressure drop between the substrate and nanofiber composite material increased with increasing flow rate of experimental oil. The goal of this paper was use the electrospun nanofiber in the automobile engine oil filtration.
New Surface Aspects towards Photocatalytic Activity of Doped Supported Titanium Dioxide

The present work aims to synthesize nanoscale well dispersed TiO2/SiO2 and TiO2/Al2O3 nanoparticle photocatalysts via an impregnation method for the removal of methyl orange, which was used as a model compound of organic pollutant in wastewater, from an aqueous medium. Also within this frame work, La and Ce metals were loaded onto the surfaces of TiO2/SiO2 and TiO2/Al2O3 by an impregnation method to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles; the activities and physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts were compared before and after loading of metallic La and Ce. The oxide system was characterized by different techniques, including XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and EDX spectroscopy. Finally, the optimal conditions to complete the photocatalytic oxidation of methyl orange dye were studied. This work holds promise for the efficient photodegradation of pollutants by nanoparticle photocatalysts.