Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter does not Predict Metabolic Traits Better than Waist Circumference-Related Measures of Abdominal Obesity in Obese Subjects

Abstract Background Recently, we showed that in subjects with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 waist circumference (WC) is associated with metabolic traits but associations were weaker in men than in women. Aims To confirm our previous observation that anthropometric measures of abdominal obesity are closer linked to metabolic traits in obese women than obese men. To test whether sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) provides a better prediction of metabolic traits in obese subjects than WC related measures. Methods SAD and WC along with metabolic traits were assessed in 204 women and 69 men (BMI 30.1–64.0 kg/m2). Results In women, abdominal obesity measures were associated with glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c), fasting serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and uric acid levels as well as Chol/HDL ratio and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) independently of age and BMI. SAD predicted serum insulin and Chol better than WC, whereas WC was superior to SAD in predicting HbA1c, glucose, HOMA-IR, TG, HDL, Chol/HDL, and uric acid. Of note, the combination of SAD and WC provided a better prediction of insulin, HOMA-IR, TG, and uric acid than each of these anthropometric alone. In men, only fasting glucose, Chol, and uric acid levels were associated with abdominal obesity markers. Conclusion Data show various associations between anthropometric measures of abdominal obesity and metabolic traits in obese women but overall much less in obese men. Most metabolic traits are better predicted by WC than by SAD.
Core questions in domestication research

Significance Domestication of plants and animals marks a major transition in human history that represents a vibrant area of interdisciplinary scientific inquiry. Consideration of three central questions about domestication—what it is, what it does, and why it happened—provide a unifying framework for diverse research on the topic. Domestication is defined in terms of a coevolutionary mutualism between domesticator and domesticate and is distinguished from related but ultimately different processes of management and agriculture. Domestication results in a range of genotypic, phenotypic, plastic, and contextual impacts that can be used as markers of evolving domesticatory relationships. A consideration of causal scenarios finds greater empirical support for explanatory frameworks grounded in niche-construction theory over those derived from optimal foraging theory. The domestication of plants and animals is a key transition in human history, and its profound and continuing impacts are the focus of a broad range of transdisciplinary research spanning the physical, biological, and social sciences. Three central aspects of domestication that cut across and unify this diverse array of research perspectives are addressed here. Domestication is defined as a distinctive coevolutionary, mutualistic relationship between domesticator and domesticate and distinguished from related but ultimately different processes of resource management and agriculture. The relative utility of genetic, phenotypic, plastic, and contextual markers of evolving domesticatory relationships is discussed. Causal factors are considered, and two leading explanatory frameworks for initial domestication of plants and animals, one grounded in optimal foraging theory and the other in niche-construction theory, are compared.
LEACH-KANG: A new routing protocol for WSN based on leach protocol and Kangaroo method

We offer in the present paper a novel routing protocol for wireless sensor networks by using the hybrid between leach protocol and a heuristic method to reduce sensor energy consumption. We propose Kangaroo Method-based (KM-based) adaptive routing protocol uses the optimal path to transmit data from cluster head nodes to base station to achieve good performance in terms of lifetime of network in WSN. The proposed KM-based approach is based on LEACH, called LEACH-KANG. The simulation results have clearly shown that our proposed protocol excels regarding energy consumption in wireless sensor networks, and resulting in an extension of lifetime for the network. We simulated the proposed technique compared with LEACH algorithm using MATLAB environment.
Integrated Pest Management: Use of pheromones in IPM

During the past 68 years that have elapsed since the identification of the first insect pheromone (Butenandt, 1959) there has been a bourgeoning of basic and applied research that has resulted in an amazingly diverse and effective use of pheromones in IPM. Other behavior-modifying semiochemicals have had more limited success on a commercial level, althoughmuch research is continuing to try to find new ways to make such chemicals as host plant volatiles more useful in IPM settings as attractants or deterrents. Although pheromones have established themselves in IPM systems, most end-users and even applied researchers do not realize howmuchwork goes into identifying and optimizing pheromone blends so that they become highly species-specific and optimally attractive to the target species so that they can be used to the best effect. Research to determine the most effective pheromone blend compositions and dispenser dosages for monitoring and detection typically takes five to ten years to complete. Optimizing trap design targeting particular species can take several more years. Sometimes effective pheromones cannot be elucidated at all despite decades of intensive effort. Delivery of effective commercial products presents another hurdle. For instance, applied pheromone researchers may spend years establishing that a particularmating disruption system is highly effective at disruptingmating and reducing crop damage after conducting experiments in which disruptant dispenser dosages and deployment densities have been varied. A mating disruption system may work successfully from a biological standpoint, but at the commercial level it may be too costly or not sufficiently user-friendly compared to standard practices, and the system will have been judged to “fail” at this level. It is important to distinguish between failure in the commercial arena versus biological failure of the mating disruption system itself.
Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging to ultrasound in the estimation of birth weight at term.

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to compare magnetic resonance (MR) and ultrasound (US) fetal weight estimates obtained immediately before delivery with birth weight. STUDY DESIGN Eighty women scheduled for a cesarean delivery underwent a fast acquisition MR and US for fetal weight estimation within 3 hours of delivery. Prospective MR calculation was based on the equation 0.12+1.031 g/mLxfetal volume (mL)=MR weight (g). US fetal weight estimation was calculated by the formula by Hadlock et al. Estimations were compared with birth weight. RESULTS Correlation (95% CI) between birth weight and MR weight is 0.95 with a mean absolute error of 129 g (105-155) compared with the correlation between birth weight and US of 0.85 with a mean absolute error of 225 g (186-264). The correlation for birth weight and MR imaging is significantly greater than that of birth weight and US, P<. 001. CONCLUSION Birth weight estimation is more accurate by MR imaging than by US in term infants.
A suffix tree based parallel approach for association rule mining and biclustering

Data mining is the process of analyzing raw data from very large databases to turn them into useful and previously unknown information. This helps in finding out interesting patterns, trends and relationships within data. Association rule mining and bi-clustering are two very important data mining tasks for many application domains, especially in bio-informatics. FIST is one of the very few algorithms which extracts bases of association rules and bi-clustering conjointly in a single process. FIST algorithm is based on frequent closed itemsets framework and uses a suffix tree based data structure for efficiency. However, due to its sequential execution approach, the traditional FIST algorithm suffers from efficiency problems in terms of execution time for very large data sets with high dimensionality. Here, a parallelized version of FIST algorithm is proposed to improve the performance. In the new parallelize version of FIST algorithm (ParaFIST), a multi-threaded approach is taken to allow parallel processing of the suffix tree branches to achieve better execution time. We have used an example to demonstrate the correctness of the proposed algorithm.
Discourse architecture, ideology, and democratic norms in online political discussion

Studies of political discussions online have been dominated by approaches that focus exclusively on deliberation, ignoring other equally relevant communication norms. This study conducts a normative assessment of discussion spaces in two prominent web platforms—Twitter hashtags and newspaper comment sections devoted to particular political issues—applying the norms of communitarianism, liberal individualism, and deliberation. The platforms’ distinct design features and users’ left/right issue stances emerge as significant predictors of normative differences.
Emotion recognition in autism: coordinating faces and voices

Synopsis Autistic and non-autistic mentally retarded adolescents and young adults were individually matched for age and verbal ability and were given tasks in which they chose photographs of faces for emotionally expressive voices, and photographs of non-emotional things or events to accompany recorded sounds. The results were that relative to control subjects, autistic individuals performed less well on the emotion tasks than on the non-emotion tasks. The findings suggest that autistic individuals have a disability in recognizing bodily expressions of emotion, and that there is a degree of task-specificity to this impairment.
Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with a repetitive DNA element

A repetitive DNA element cloned from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was used to assess the population structure and genetic diversity of 98 strains of X. oryzae pv. oryzae collected between 1972 and 1988 from the Philippine Islands. Genomic DNA from X. oryzae pv. oryzae was digested with EcoRI and analyzed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) with repetitive DNA element as a probe. Twenty-seven RFLP types were identified; there was no overlap of RFLP types among the six races from the Philippines. Most variability (20 RFLP types) was found in strains of races 1, 2, and 3, which were isolated from tropical lowland areas. Four RFLP types (all race 5) were found among strains isolated from cultivars grown in the temperate highlands. The genetic diversity of the total population of X. oryzae pv. oryzae was 0.93, of which 42% was due to genetic differentiation between races. The genetic diversities of strains collected in 1972 to 1976, 1977 to 1981, and 1982 to 1986, were 0.89, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively, suggesting a consistently high level of variability in the pathogen population over the past 15 years. Cluster analysis based on RFLP banding patterns showed five groupings at 85% similarity. The majority of strains from a given race were contained within one cluster, except for race 3 strains, which were distributed in three of the five clusters.
Routage vert et compression de règles SDN

La technologie SDN permet de separer le plan de controle et le plan de donnees qui cohabitent actuellement sur les routeurs dans les architectures reseaux classiques et de realiser le routage par un ou plusieurs controleur(s) centralise(s). Nos travaux portent sur l'utilisation de cette technologie pour minimiser la consommation d'energie dans les reseaux, notamment en permettant au controleur d'eteindre a distance des liens non utilises. Une des problematiques est que les tables de routage SDN ne peuvent contenir qu'un nombre tr es limite de regles. Ceci est du au type particulier de memoire utilise pour permettre l'ajout a distance de regles de routage par le controleur SDN. Dans ce papier, nous etudions le probleme de compression de tables de routage bidimensionnelles avec priorite, en particulier la complexite algorithmique et proposons des algorithmes d'approximation. Nous proposons ensuite des algorithmes de routage vert qui effectuent en meme temps le choix des routes, la compression des tables de routages et la mise en veille des liens non utilises. Ces algorithmes sont testes sur les reseaux de la librairie SNDLib.
Solitonlike structure in the parametric distortions of bounded-system energy spectra.

Exact one-soliton and two-soliton solutions of generalized Calogero-Moser (cCM) equations are presented. We explain how these solutions describe the origin of the successive avoided crossings observed in the energy-level structure of bounded systems when a parameter is varied. A new statistical description, based on the grand-canonical ensemble for the gCM system, is developed for the study of the parametric properties of irregular spectra. The relationship with random-matrix theory is discussed
Research on Real Contagion Mechanism of Financial Crisis

American subprime mortgage crisis has evolved into the global financial crisis. In order to reduce impact of the U.S. financial crisis on the world economy, this paper uses systematic method to analyze the real contagion mechanism of financial crisis. The results show that competitive effect, income effect, effect of cheap imports and competitive devaluation effect are main influencing factors. Conclusion can be made that real contagion can be controlled when measures are taken.
Laser diode used in 16 Mb/s, 10 mW optical transcutaneous telemetry system

Developments in neuroprosthetics have lead to applications with high channel counts, thus increasing the need for high bandwidth telemetry systems to transmit data out of the body. Optical telemetry is a promising implantable telemetry solution, and data rates and power consumption criteria are being established. This paper presents the performance of a laser diode-based system in various operating conditions. This system transmits at data rates up to 16 Mb/s through a skin thickness of 4 mm while achieving a BER of 1E-9 with consumption of 10 mW or less.
Shape Detection Algorithm for Soft Manipulator Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings

The shape of soft a manipulator cannot be sensed by the operator directly, when applied to rescue of mine disaster, science exploration, or minimally invasive surgery due to the narrow and closed environment. Shape information is sometimes important for the soft manipulator to be controlled. In order to deal with the problem of shape sensing, a shape sensing algorithm and sensor network based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are introduced in this paper. The shape sensing algorithm is based on piecewise constant curvature and torsion assumption, and can translate the curvature and torsion measured by sensor network into global positions and orientations of nodes. Three-dimensional experiments show that the algorithm introduced in this paper can achieve high accuracy for 3-D shapes.
Promoter hypermethylation: a new therapeutic target emerges in urothelial cancer.

Significant changes in the global levels and regional patterns of DNA methylation are among the earliest and most frequent events known to occur in human cancers. 1 Alterations in DNA methylation have a direct impact on both the mutational and epigenetic components of neoplastic transformation.ImportanteffectsofDNAmethylationonthe genome include mutational burden of 5-methylcytosine, epigenetic effects of promoter methylation on gene transcription and potential gene activation, and induction of chromosomal instability by DNA hypomethylation. 2,3 Hypermethylationofcytosine-guaninedinucleotide(CpG)islands is associated with transcriptional repression, whereas hypomethylation may lead to increased potential for gene activity or chromosomal instability. CpG islands located in tumor suppressor gene promoters are normally unmethylated. Abnormal methylation of these regions may lead to progressive reduction in gene expression, thus transcriptionally silencing suppressor genes by a variety of mechanisms, including remodeling of local chromatin structure or inhibition of transcription factor binding, ultimately altering normal cellular growth properties. Application of novel molecular biologic techniques has increased our appreciation of the widespread changes in methylation patterns that occur during urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Epigenetic events, such as methylation, occur throughout all stages of tumorigenesis, including the early phases, and are increasingly recognized as major mechanisms involved in silencing tumor suppressor genes. A large number of genes have been reported to be hypermethylated in bladder cancer. The frequency of such events suggests that widespread alterations in the patterns of DNA methylation are common in bladder carcinogenesis. Some examples include the p16 gene (at CDKN2A INK4a locus on chromosome 9p21), E-cadherin gene (CDH1, encoding a transmembrane glycoprotein that modulates calcium-dependent intercellular adhesion), and RASSF1A gene (ras association domain family gene 1, isoform A). 4-6 Diminished CDH1 expression may lead to increase in betacateninactivityandproliferationinurothelialcarcinomas. 7 Aside from deletion and mutation, the p16 gene has been shown to be inactivated by promoter methylation. 8-11 Mutationordeletionofonep16alleleandhypermethylationof the remaining allele may be sufficient for loss of functional activity. Progressive inhibition of p16 expression by DNA methylation may result in loss of adequate growth regulatory function. Methylation of p16 has been observed in 27% to 60% of primary urothelial carcinomas. 12,13 Both
Multi-objective antenna design using sequential domain patching with automated determination of patch size

In this paper, a simple yet efficient technique for automated multi-objective design optimization of antennas using design space patching is discussed. The optimization procedure is a two-step process: (i) obtaining the initial set of Pareto-optimal designs representing the best possible trade-offs between conflicting objectives, and (ii) Pareto set refinement for yielding the optimal designs at the high-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulation model level. The first step is realized at the level of low-fidelity (coarse-discretization) EM model by sequential construction and relocation of small design space segments (patches) in order to create a path connecting the extreme Pareto front designs obtained beforehand. An automated procedure for determining the patch dimensions is introduced. Pareto set refinement is realized using surrogate-based optimization techniques. Our approach is demonstrated using a UWB monopole antenna with 12 independent geometry parameters.
Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) population dynamics

1 The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is a major insect pest of field maize, Zea mays L. Larvae can cause substantial injury by feeding on maize roots. Larval feeding may destroy individual roots or root nodes, and reduce plant growth, stability, and yield. Costs associated with managing corn rootworms in continuous maize are annually one of the largest expenditures for insect management in the United States Corn Belt.
Cell Death in Protists without Mitochondria

Abstract: Some protozoans, such as Trichomonad species, do not possess mitochondria. Most of the time, they harbor another type of membrane‐bounded organelle, called hydrogenosome from its capacity to produce H2. This is the case for the human parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Some other parasites, such as the protist Giardia lamblia, do not harbor any of these organelles. From this observation arises naturally a naive question: How do cells die when the mitochondrion, the cornerstone of apoptotic process, is absent? Data strongly suggest that the mitochondrion and the hydrogenosome arose from a common ancestral endosymbiont. But hydrogenosomes do not appear to directly substitute for mitochondria in apoptotic functions. Thus, it appears judicious to examine more closely the genome of unicellular cells, which do not harbor mitochondria, and search for new molecules that could participate in the apoptotic process in these microorganisms.
Sistema experto para el tratamiento de aguas residuales (SECTRARES)

El tratamiento de las aguas residuales de una fabrica es de vital importancia, ya que elimina parte de la contaminacion de las mismas, y contribuye con la proteccion del medio ambiente. Por lo cual resulta necesario llevar la experiencia adquirida por los especialistas del Instituto Virtual del Medio Ambiente de estos tratamientos, a distintas empresas del territorio, provincia y el pais. El presente articulo consiste en la construccion de un Sistema Experto para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de una fabrica. La herramienta utiliza las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) para predecir el tipo de tratamiento que se debe aplicar.
Modelling a neural network using an algebraic method

In this paper, a framework based on algebraic structures to formalize various types of neural networks is presented. The working strategy is to break down neural networks into building blocks, relationships between each building block, and their operations. Building blocks are collections of primary components or neurons. In turn, neurons are collections of properties functioning as single entities, transforming an input into an output. We perceive a neuron as a function. Thus the flow of information in a neural network is a composition between functions. Moreover, we also define an abstract data structure called a layer which is a collection of entities which exist in the same time step. This layer concept allows the parallel computation of our model. There are two types of operation in our model; recalling operators and training operators. The recalling operators are operators that challenge the neural network with data. The training operators are operators that change parameters of neurons to fit with the data. This point of view means that all neural networks can be constructed or modelled using the same structures with different parameters.
Prevalence of Astigmatism among Students in Northern Greece

Purpose To assess the prevalence of astigmatism in a sample of 1738 students (15–18 years old) from Northern Greece. Methods Collection of the sample was based on a questionnaire method. Statistical analysis included estimation of the prevalence of astigmatism and the distribution of students according to their cylindrical values. We also checked whether heredity or sex affected the occurrence of astigmatism. Results The prevalence of astigmatism was 10.2%. It was mostly at low levels, up to 2 D cyl. Females ran a significantly higher risk of astigmatism than males, and heredity seemed to be an important predisposing factor for this refractive error. Conclusions There is considerable variability in the prevalence of astigmatism worldwide, as indicated by different studies. However, this refractive error prevails at low levels in the Greek student population, compared with other countries.
First reported case of transfusion‐transmitted Ross River virus infection

PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA detected RRV IgM antibodies using an inhouse indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test, but no RRV antibodies were detected using an inhouse haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody test 10 days after blood donation. RRV IgM antibodies are detected by IFA testing within a few days of onset of illness and routinely persist for several weeks or, occasionally, months or years. IFA tests are less prone to false-positive results compared with enzyme immunoassays. The HI antibody test primarily detects IgG antibodies, which appear within several weeks but after the IgM response.