Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining for New Sources of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Genetic Resources of Winter Wheat

Genetic pathogen control is an economical and sustainable alternative to the use of chemicals. In order to breed resistant varieties, information about potentially unused genetic resistance mechanisms is of high value. We phenotyped 8,316 genotypes of the winter wheat collection of the German Federal ex situ gene bank for Agricultural and Horticultural Crops, Germany, for resistance to powdery mildew (PM), Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, one of the most important biotrophic pathogens in wheat. To achieve this, we used a semi-automatic phenotyping facility to perform high-throughput detached leaf assays. This data set, combined with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) marker data, was used to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Alleles of significantly associated markers were compared with SNP profiles of 171 widely grown wheat varieties in Germany to identify currently unexploited resistance conferring genes. We also used the Chinese Spring reference genome annotation and various domain prediction algorithms to perform a domain enrichment analysis and produced a list of candidate genes for further investigation. We identified 51 significantly associated regions. In most of these, the susceptible allele was fixed in the tested commonly grown wheat varieties. Eleven of these were located on chromosomes for which no resistance conferring genes have been previously reported. In addition to enrichment of leucine-rich repeats (LRR), we saw enrichment of several domain types so far not reported as relevant to PM resistance, thus, indicating potentially novel candidate genes for the disease resistance research and prebreeding in wheat.
Ordonnancement et placement dans les s. G. B. D. Paralleles

Nous abordons deux problemes fondamentaux des systemes de gestion de bases de donnees paralleles: l'ordonnancement et le placement des taches obtenues apres parallelisation des requetes complexes. Nous commencons par modeliser au moyen d'un formalisme graphique les taches, leur granularite, les synchronisations, la circulation des donnees, les volumes traites et certaines contraintes de placement. Pour l'ordonnancement, dont le but est de minimiser le temps de reponse, nous proposons un algorithme base sur des heuristiques simples. Il utilise les dates de debut au plus tot, calculees pour un nombre infini de processeurs, ainsi que l'aptitude des taches a se deplacer dans le temps sans augmenter le temps de reponse. A cela, nous ajoutons la possibilite de modifier la granularite des taches s'il vient a manquer des processeurs pour leur execution ; c'est la l'originalite de notre methode. Nous employons egalement une heuristique pour le placement dont le role est l'equilibrage des charges. L'heuristique lpt est appliquee apres avoir rassemble les charges des processeurs. Nous en avons etudie la mise en uvre dans le cadre des systemes paralleles a memoire partagee, puis de ceux a memoire distribuee. Afin d'experimenter nos algorithmes, nous avons entrepris la realisation d'un prototype sur une machine parallele a memoire distribuee
A comparison between HEMP and HPEM parameters. Effects and mitigation methods

The electromagnetic effects of a High Altitude EMP have been a threat for communications and installations, largely studied and documented between 1960 and 1990. During the last decade of the 20th century, a new kind of electromagnetic field representing a new threat, has been developed, the High Power Electromagnetic (HPEM) field. The paper will introduce and compare the main features of these two kind of electromagnetic fields, like the spatial coverage, the frequency spectrum, the time-domain behavior and the field intensities. It will also discuss effects related to these two phenomena on electrical and electronic installations and will compare the mitigation methods which have been developed and applied.
An intelligent robotic framework for the execution of contact assembly tasks

The deployment of robots for industrial automation has demonstrated a significant improvement in manufacturing processes through reducing manual labour participation, and in enhancing flexibility, efficiency and product quality. However, most robotic applications are limited to free-space, point-to-point and non-interactive operations, where a highly structured work environment is a necessity. This paper presents an intelligent robot control framework for enhancing an industrial robot's adaptability, flexibility, dexterity and thereby its intelligence. The paper begins by reviewing briefly the design of intelligent robotic systems and defining some criteria for achieving an intelligent robotic system. A conceptual framework comprising two essential parts, namely, the contact-state recognizer and the control strategy generator, is then proposed for robotic assembly. The implementation of the proposed framework for intelligent robotic assembly is also demonstrated by using an industrial robot. Indeed, the results show that the framework proposed in this paper is an effective tool for designing intelligent automatic assembly systems.
[Effect of aurora kinase B inhibitor AZD1152 in the treatment of cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether AZD1152 (AZD), the selective inhibitor of aurora kinase B, may play a role in the treatment of cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma when administrated alone or in combination with cisplatin. METHODS Hey (cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line) cells were analyzed. According to the treatment plan, Hey cells were divided into four groups (AZD group, cisplatin group, AZD + cisplatin group and control group). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to test the cells proliferation, caspase-3/7 activity analysis was used to analyze cells apoptosis, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to determine the copy the number of chromosome 7 and checked the copy numbers of hTERC gene and C-myc gene. RESULTS MTT test showed that proliferation of AZD group was lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). The cells proliferation with the treatment with 10 and 20 nmol/L AZD for 24 hours was (81.4 ± 3.6)% and (81.4 ± 3.6)% respectively, and the cells proliferation for 48 hours was (43.1 ± 2.0)% and (38.5 ± 1.6)% respectively, which was significantly lower than control group (100%, P < 0.01); Treated with the same concentration of AZD, inhibition of proliferation was significantly enhanced as the time extended (P < 0.01). Proliferation in group AZD + cisplatin was lower than that in cisplatin group (P < 0.01) which suggest that there were additive effects after combined AZD with cisplatin. Compared with control group, caspase-3/7 activity in AZD group increased significantly (P = 0.000), and the same results was seen between AZD + cisplatin group and cisplatin group or AZD group (all P < 0.01). Compared with cisplatin group or control group, the copy numbers of hTERC, C-myc and the number of chromosome were significantly increased in AZD group and AZD + cisplat group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AZD could inhibit ovarian cancer cells proliferation and induce cells apoptosis significantly. AZD alone or in combination with cisplatin may result in the increased cells polyploidy.
Linearized two-loop posture and speed control of an electric unicycle

This paper presents techniques for dynamic modeling and two-loop posture and speed control of an electric unicycle. A completely dynamic model of the electric unicycle incorporating with viscous and static frictions is derived using Newtonian mechanics. With the model, a linearized two-loop control method is proposed to accomplish posture and velocity control (regulation) of the electric unicycle Computer simulations and experimental results are conducted to show the merit and effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Effectiveness of remote feedback on physical activity in persons with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objectives The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of remote feedback intervention compared with standardized treatment on physical activity levels in persons with type 2 diabetes. Further, to investigate the influence of the length of intervention, number of contacts, study size, delivery of feedback, and preliminary face-to-face sessions. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in May 2017, with a priori defined eligibility criteria: randomized controlled trials investigating remote feedback interventions in adult persons with type 2 diabetes, using physical activity as outcome. The effect size was calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD) and was pooled in a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Meta-regression analyses were performed to examine if the observed effect size could be attributed to study- or intervention characteristics using these as covariates. Results The literature search identified 4455 articles of which 27 met the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis including a total of 4215 participants found an overall effect size in favour of remote feedback interventions compared to standardized treatment, SMD = 0.33 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.49), I2 = 81.7%). Analyses on study characteristics found that the effect on physical activity was only influenced by study size, with a larger effect in small studies. Conclusion Adding remote feedback to standardized treatments aimed at increasing physical activity in persons with type 2 diabetes showed a small to moderate additional increase in physical activity levels. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42016033479.
Introduction to Business Intelligence

Revision with unchanged content. During the past few years, fast changes in the economic environment and massive technological developments in the field of information technology have constituted challenges for many companies. The growing capabilities to collect and store loads of internal and external data make it more and more difficult for a business’s management to find the really important pieces of information. This situation of information overload is tackeled by a variety of analytic concepts and tools which can be subsumed under the opalescent term of “Business Intelligence”. This book introduces these different con­cepts and then presents the most important tools such as data warehouses and data marts, online analytical processing, data mining, and reporting. The book aims at a not information technology focussed kind of presentation and evaluates the relevance of the tools introduced for companies’ daily operations. Therefore it adresses economists and managers (even of small and medium enterprises) who want to get a guided overview of the field of Business Intelligence as well as students of business administrations and of business information systems.
Discrete FIR filter banks minimizing various measures of approximation error at the same time

We present the optimum discrete running approximation of time-limited signals by a FIR (finite impulse response filter bank minimizing continuous long-range worst-case measures of error. Firstly, we provide a brief survey of the two conditions of the optimum approximation that uses a finite number of sample values. As an application, we obtain a running FIR approximation g(t) that is optimum in each of certain separate segments in the time axis. Secondly, we derive new continuous approximation satisfying a so-called “condition of discrete orthogonality” that uses interpolation functions with very long time-duration. This condition is one of the two conditions mentioned above. This new approximation has the same values at discrete t as the FIR approximation g(t). Thirdly, using the Rayley's theorem and the mini-max theorem, we show that this new approximation satisfies the remaining condition of the two conditions. Hence, its discrete version g(t) is optimum in a given long interval but uses FIR interpolation functions. Finally, we present a favorable example of almost perfect reconstruction FIR filter bank having total bandwidth smaller than 2π.
Mechanochemistry: the mechanical activation of covalent bonds.

Regarding the activation of chemical reactions, today’s chemist is used to thinking in terms of thermochemistry, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, which is reflected in the organization and content of the standard physical chemistry textbooks. The fourth way of chemical activation, mechanochemistry, is usually less well-known. The purpose of the present review is to give a survey of the classical works in mechanochemistry and put the key mechanochemical phenomena into perspective with recent results from atomic force microscopy and quantum molecular dynamics simulations. A detailed historical account on the development of mechanochemistry, with an emphasis on the mechanochemistry of solids, was recently given by Boldyrev and Tkáčová. 1 The first written document of a mechanochemical reaction is found in a book by Theophrastus of Ephesus (371-286 B.C.), a student of Aristotle, “De Lapidibus” or “On stones”. If native cinnabar is rubbed in a brass mortar with a brass pestle in the presence of vinegar, metallic mercury is obtained. The mechanochemical reduction probably follows the reaction:1-3 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Telephone: ++49-89-289-13417. Fax: ++49-89-289-13416. E-mail: martin.beyer@ch.tum. de (M.K.B.); Telephone: ++49-89-12651417. Fax: ++49-89-1265-1480. E-mail: clausen-schaumann@ fhm.edu (H.C.-S.). † Technische Universität München. ‡ Institut für Strahlenschutz. § Current address: Munich University of Applied Sciences. HgS + Cu f Hg + CuS (1) Volume 105, Number 8
The population demography of Betula maximowicziana, a cool‐temperate tree species in Japan, in relation to the last glacial period: its admixture‐like genetic structure is the result of simple population splitting not admixing

Conservation of the local genetic variation and evolutionary integrity of economically and ecologically important trees is a key aspect of studies involving forest genetics, and a population demographic history of the target species provides valuable information for this purpose. Here, the genetic structure of 48 populations of Betula maximowicziana was assessed using 12 expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers. Genetic diversity was lower in northern populations than southern ones and structure analysis revealed three groups: northern and southern clusters and an admixed group. Eleven more genomic‐SSR loci were added and the demographic history of these three groups was inferred by approximate Bayesian computation (ABC). The ABC revealed that a simple split scenario was much more likely than isolation with admixture, suggesting that the admixture‐like structure detected in this species was due to ancestral polymorphisms. The ABC analysis suggested that the population growth and divergence of the three groups occurred 96 800 (95% CI, 20 500–599 000) and 28 300 (95% CI, 8700–98 400) years ago, respectively. We need to be aware of several sources of uncertainty in the inference such as assumptions about the generation time, overlapping of generations, confidence intervals of the estimated parameters and the assumed model in the ABC. However, the results of the ABC together with the model‐based maps of reconstructed past species distribution and palaeoecological data suggested that the modern genetic structure of B. maximowicziana originated prior to the last glacial maximum (LGM) and that some populations survived in the northern range even during the LGM.
E 2 F-1 Has Properties of a Radiosensitizer and Its Regulation by Cyclin A Kinase Is Required for Cell Survival of Fibrosarcoma Cells Lacking p 531

Negative regulation of E2F-1 DNA binding function by cyclin A kinase represents part of an S-phase checkpoint control system that, when activated, leads to apoptosis. In this study, we examined the cellular sensitivity and resistance of isogenic mouse fibrosarcoma cell lines, differing primarily in their p53 status, to ectopic expression of wild-type (wt) E2F-1 and cyclin A kinase binding-defective mutants of it. We found that E2F-1(wt) potently affected the survival of p531/1 tumor cells but not that of p532/2 cells. In contrast, expression of cyclin A kinase bindingdefective E2F-1 species interfered with cell survival of fibrosarcoma cells irrespective of their p53 status. Finally, expression of E2F-1(wt) in p532/2 fibrosarcoma cells enhanced the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation in vitro and in vivo in a mouse tumor model. These results suggest that E2F-1-dependent activation of an S-phase checkpoint is p53 independent and that E2F-1 possesses radiosensitizing properties in the absence of p53.
The Perinatal Mental Health Project: A Critical Appraisal of Program Viability, Accessibility and Sustainability

Background. Perinatal depression is one of the leading causes of disability in perinatal women and is highly prevalent in disadvantaged communities in LMICs. However, care capacity remains low in most LMICs. As such, we decided to find and assess a screening program that addresses perinatal mental health problems in a resource-efficient manner. This leads us to a critically appraisal of the Perinatal Mental Health Project (PMHP), a screening program based in peri-urban Western Cape Town that stresses task sharing and stepped care intervention. Method. PubMed, Ovid Medline (1946 to 2018), and Google Scholar were searched for publications until March 2018, with data or evaluation of the PMHP. PMHP website publications were used for data and interpretation. The program’s viability was evaluated based on criteria published by UK National Screening Council. The program’s impact was analyzed using published patient outcome data. Access to care was evaluated at three barriers to accessing care proposed by Gjerdingen et al. (2007). The financial model was evaluated using the “four-pillars” of sustainable organization financial management proposed by León (2001). Findings. The PMHP’s screening program viability satisfies most criteria of the UK National Screening Council, and the program’s benefits outweigh its harms. Patient self-reports indicate successful impact with several highlights in accessibility. The program also demonstrates financial sustainability and potential for scaling-up. Interpretations. The operation model of the PMHP shows satisfactory viability and sustainability. With modifications fitting local context and government cooperation, this model offers promising potential in bringing public health and economic benefits.
Self adaptive harmony search algorithm for optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution systems

Optimal capacitor placement is a complex combinatorial optimization process aimed at finding the location and size of capacitors on a radial distribution network that minimizes the system power and energy loss, deviation of node voltages and increases the available capacity of the feeders. A Harmony Search algorithm (HSA) is a recently developed algorithm which is conceptualized using the musical process of searching for a perfect state of harmony. It uses a stochastic search instead of a gradient search. In this paper, a Self Adaptive Harmony Search algorithm (SAHSA) is proposed to solve the optimal capacitor placement in order to minimize the power loss. Forward/Backward sweep power flow method is used to solve the radial distribution system. The proposed approach is tested on standard IEEE 33bus and IEEE 69-bus radial distribution systems. The results are compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and plant growth simulation algorithm (PGSA) and it is observed that the proposed method performed well in terms of the quality of solution.
Characterization of enzymes of the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathway in Methanococcus spp

Methanococcus aeolicus, Methanococcus maripaludis, and Methanococcus voltae contain similar levels of four enzymes of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis: acetohydroxy acid synthase, acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase, dihydroxy acid dehydratase, and transaminase B. Following growth at low partial pressures of H2-CO2, the levels of these enzymes in extracts of M. voltae are reduced three- to fivefold, which suggests that their synthesis is regulated. The enzymes from M. aeolicus were found to be similar to the eubacterial and eucaryotic enzymes with respect to molecular weights, pH optima, kinetic properties, and sensitivities to O2. The acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase has a specific requirement for Mg2+, and other divalent cations were inhibitory. It was stimulated threefold by K+ and NH4+ ions and was able to utilize NADH as well as NADPH. The partially purified enzyme was not sensitive to O2. The dihydroxy acid dehydratase is extremely sensitive to O2, and it has a half-life under 5% O2 of 6 min at 25 degrees C. Divalent cations were required for activity, and Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Fe2+ were nearly equally effective. In conclusion, the archaebacterial enzymes are functionally homologous to the eubacterial and eucaryotic enzymes, which implies that this pathway is very ancient.
Branded Media Text as Communicative-integration Model of Interaction with Audience

The development dynamics of information and communication technologies (ICTs), especially network providing expansion of interpersonal and mass communications, radically changes the existing practice of distribution and representation of a media product. Abundant information flows in the Web form interactive competitive communication media that produce a new integrative approach to the creation of modern media models being a cumulative product of journalism, PR, marketing and advertising. An example of such model in Russian media is a branded media text which production is based on a variety of factors, both objective and subjective. Today the scientific community discusses the public adaptation of innovative media text models that could provoke comprehension of its cultural code with its possible retranslation. These parameters provide a competitive advantage and survival of any media structure. However, the conception of consumer’s involvement in a media project at the stage of its creation is often an insoluble problem for journalistic department. Based on the performed studies, authors of this article, on one hand, verify the hypothesis of productivity and functionality of branded media text and, on the other hand, define the reasons for discrepancies in the approaches of leading Russian media to the use of this communicative-integration model.