Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Canonical correlation analysis between collaborative networks and innovation: A case study in information technology companies in province of Tehran, Iran

Article history: Received January 30, 2013 Received in revised format 20 May 2013 Accepted May 28 2013 Available online June 3 2013 The increase competitions as well as technological advancements have created motivation among business owners to look for more innovative ideas from outside their organizations. Many enterprises collaborate with other organizations to empower themselves through innovative ideas. These kinds of collaborations can be observed as a concept called Regional Innovation System. These collaborations include inter-firm collaborations, research organizations, intermediary institutions and governmental agencies. The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate relationships between Collaborative Networks and Innovation in information technology business units located in province of Tehran, Iran. The research method utilized for the present study is descriptive-correlation. To evaluate the relationships between independent and dependent variables, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used. The results confirm the previous findings regarding the relationship between Collaborative Networks and Innovation. Among various dimensions of Collaboration, Collaboration with governmental agencies had a very small impact on the relationship between collaboration networks and innovation. In addition, the results show that in addition to affecting product innovation and process innovation, collaboration networks also affected management innovation.
"Ebola Ça Suffit!" is not enough to Prove Efficacy of an Ebola Vaccine

A recently published Ebola vaccine trial claimed an almost perfect result with no cases of Ebola after the vaccine had time to take effect - a vaccine efficacy of 100%. This article is a detailed review of the information published about the trial and, particularly, this claim. The trial design was sub-optimal because randomization was only partial (and one treatment arm was unrandomized), it was unblinded and did not use a placebo. Less information on the comparison arm that substituted for a placebo was provided, such as adverse events, compared to the active treatment arms. There was little baseline information on the trial participants, which is particularly important to ensure equivalence of the arms of a trial that was not fully randomized. In particular, Ebola tests were not performed at baseline, so the possibility of false positive test results or pre-existing asymptomatic cases exists. Ebola symptoms and adverse reactions following vaccination seen during the trial were very similar, allowing diagnostic bias. The exclusion of Ebola cases among the vaccinated during the 10 days after randomization is an arbitrary decision for an infection with an incubation period of 2 to 21 days and not a substitute for comparing vaccine to placebo. Considering the entire 31-day reporting period, two subgroups of unvaccinated participants had significantly fewer cases of Ebola than the two vaccinated groups. The problems with this trial are so grave that it cannot be taken as even weak evidence that the vaccine trialed is effective at preventing Ebola Virus Disease (EVD).
Physicochemical Characteristics of River Water Downstream of a Large Tropical Hydroelectric Dam

Water quality in the downstream river of a hydroelectric dam may be affected by the structural design and operation. To date, little is known about the water quality downstream of the largest dam in Malaysia, the Bakun hydroelectric dam. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the water quality downstream of the dam when the spillway was closed and when it was opened. Results of the study indicate that the dam plays a significant role in regulating the water quality downstream of it. When the spillway was closed, pH and oxygen were lower in the river where DO was below 5 mg/L. When the spillway was opened, the water quality improved in terms of oxygen content (>8.0 mg/L), total sulphide (TS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) but deteriorated in terms of five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), and total phosphorus (TP). Additionally, the intensity of the impacts, particularly BOD5, COD, and TAN, shows a declining trend as distance from the dam increases. This study shows that impacts on the water quality extend to a distance of 32 km from the dam particularly turbidity and DO and opening the spillway changes the water quality significantly.
SVD-BASED TRANSMIT BEAMFORMING FOR VARIOUS MODULATIONS WITH CONVOLUTION ENCODING

This paper present a new beamforming technique using singular value decomposition (SVD) for closed loop Multiple-input, multipleoutput (MIMO) wireless systems with various modulation techniques such as BPSK, 16-QAM, 16-PSK, DPSK and PAM along with convolution encoder. The channel matrix is decomposed into a number of independent orthogonal modes of excitation, which refer to as eigenmodes of the channel. Transmit precoding is performed by multiplying the input symbols with unitary matrix to produce the transmit beamforming, and the precoded symbols are transmitted over Rayleigh fading channel. At the receiver, combining process is performed by using maximum ratio combiner (MRC), and the receiver shaping is performed to retrieve the original input symbols by multiplying the received signal with conjugate transpose of the unitary matrix. Furthermore, the expressions for average bit error rate (BER) for M-PSK and average BER for M-QAM are derived. The superiority of the proposed work is proved by simulation results and the proposed work is compared to the other beamforming methods.
Earthquake Source Parameters of Microearthquakes at Parkfield , CA , Determined Using the SAFOD Pilot Hole Seismic Array

We estimate the source parameters of 34 microearthquakes at Parkfield, CA, ranging in size from M -0.3 to M 2.1, by analyzing seismograms recorded by the 32-level, 3-component seismic array installed in the SAFOD Pilot Hole. We succeeded in obtaining stable spectral ratios by stacking the ratios calculated from the moving windows taken along the record following the direct waves. These spectral ratios were inverted for seismic moments and corner frequencies using the multiple empirical Green's function approach. Both static stress drops and apparent stresses of microearthquakes at Parkfield do not largely differ from those reported for moderate and large earthquakes. It is likely that the dynamics of microearthquakes at Parkfield is similar to that of natural tectonic earthquakes in a macroscopic viewpoint. Half of the static stress drops are above 50 MPa, which are near the strength of the rock. This suggests that locally there can be high levels of stress even in active mature fault zones such as the San Andreas Fault.
A SHORT NOTE ON SPIN PUMPING THEORY WITH LANDAU–LIFSHITZ–GILBERT EQUATION UNDER QUANTUM FLUCTUATION; NECESSITY FOR QUANTIZATION OF LOCALIZED SPIN

We would like to point out the blind spots of the approach combining the spin pumping theory proposed by Tserkovnyak et al. with the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation; this method has been widely used for interpreting vast experimental results. The essence of the spin pumping effect is the quantum fluctuation. Then, localized spin degrees of freedom should be quantized, i.e. be treated as magnons not as classical variables. Consequently, the precessing ferromagnet can be regarded as a magnon battery. This point of view will be useful for further progress of spintronics.
How different is Mediterranean Caulerpa taxifolia (Caulerpales: Chlorophyta) to other populations of the species?

The green macroalgal species Caulerpa taxifolia is indigenous to tropical/subtropical Australia, ranging as far south as 28degrees and 29degrees 15' S on the Australian mainland east and west coasts, respectively. The origin of disjunct populations of the species, discovered in 2000 on the Australian mainland east coast at localities to 35degrees S remains unknown, variously attributed to introduced exotic strains or range extensions from other eastern Australian populations. Some naturally occurring Australian populations of C. taxifolia are similar to Mediterranean C. taxifolia. In Australia, large broad forms of the species, which have been known in the region since 1860, grow luxuriantly in sheltered seagrass meadows, with some of these populations tolerating minimum surface seawater temperatures in winter of 12.5 to 14.5degreesC. Accordingly, the contention that the Mediterranean has been invaded by a genetically-modified, large, cold-adapted strain of C. taxifolia may be incorrect. It is crucial that genetic markers (DNA fingerprinting, microsatellites) sensitive at the population level are used to accurately determine the genetic relatedness of C. taxifolia populations.
Learning English bare singulars: Data in the L2 classroom

EN Contrasted with the more typical English bare noun forms of mass and proper nouns, bare singular count nouns comprise a problematic set for many descriptive grammars and thus for many second language learners. Although article usage is one of the trickiest areas of English as a Second Language (ESL) to master, bare noun phrases, and bare singulars in particular, are less emphasized in the English language classroom, where much of the focus is placed on learning to produce articles, not learning to exclude them. To investigate L2 sensitivity to bare singular forms, the distribution of bare and articulated NPs in corpus data is contrasted, nouns appearing most often without articles are tracked, and a survey of L2 grammaticality judgments by adult learners is gathered. Lastly, the combined results of the corpus and survey data are integrated into a lesson on the syntax and pragmatics of bare singular count nouns that is designed for the ESL classroom. EN Laurel Smith Stvan is an Associate Professor of Linguistics and Chair of the Department of Linguistics and TESOL at Her research explores bare nominals, polysemy, health discourse, and applications of corpus linguistics. Her work has appeared in the journals Lingua , Corpora , and Communication & Medicine .
Comparative Experimental Studies on the Physico- mechanical Properties of Jute Caddies Reinforced Polyester and Polypropylene Composites

Non-woven jute caddies (JC, jute wastage) reinforced unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and polypropylene (PP)-based randomly oriented discontinuous fibre composites with fibre loading 40-65% were fabricated by compression molding. The influence of the addition of fibre loadings on the mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS) and tensile modulus (TM), bending strength (BS) and bending modulus (BM) and impact strength (IS) of the composites was investigated. Based on the fiber loading, around 55% JC reinforced UPR composite yielded better mechanical properties compared to the JC/PP composite. To improve the compatibility between fibre and matrix, the composites were irradiated with gamma rays (Co-60) of dose varied from 2.5 kGy to 12.5 kGy. Tensile and flexural properties of the composites were found to be improved significantly after irradiation. TS and BS of JC/UPR composites increased 29.86 and 14.60% respectively at 7.5 kGy while for JC/PP composites the increments were 21.69 and 7.78% respectively at 5.0 kGy. Water uptake tests of untreated and irradiated composites were carried out in deionized water where, the water-resistance properties of both kinds of irradiated composites were found to improve almost equally. Degradation tests of the composites were performed in soil medium and it was observed that JC/UPR composites lost much of its original strength and modulus compared to that of the JC/PP composites.
Protective Effects of Gramine on Cell Surface Integrity and Status of Lipid Profile during DMBA induced Oral Carcinogenesis

Gramine is a pungent alkaloid significantly found in barley (Hordeum vulgare), that have antioxidant and chemopreventive properties owing their indoles nature. The present study aimed to examine the protective effect of gramine on cell surface glycoconjugates and lipid profile status against 7,12dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was induced in male Syrian golden hamster’s buccal pouch by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin at three times a week of 16 weeks. We observed malignancy with marked abnormalities of glycoconjugates (protein bound hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose), lipid (Total cholesterol, Phospholipids, Free fatty acid and C/P ratio) status in tumor bearing hamsters. Oral administration of gramine (80 mg/kg b.wt), to DMBA painted cancer animals significantly modulate the levels of cell surface glycoconjugates and lipid profiles activity to near normal range. Present study suggested that gramine has potent chemopreventive efficacy on protected the abnormalities on cell surface glycoconjugates and lipid status against oral cancer. KEYWORDS
Exploring the sociocultural aspect of narrative inquiry: A dynamic nursing research methodology

Background: Human beings live storied lives and it is these stories that define the “self” in a community. Narrative inquiry, a qualitative research methodology seeks to understand social and cultural experiences of people and communities by studying stories from the perspective of individuals who are living the story and relating it to time, place and person. Narrative inquiry has two aspects: (1) the lived experiences (phenomenological aspect), and (2) the interactions of the stories with the story teller’s sociocultural environment (ethnographical aspect). However, only the lived experiences aspect of narrative inquiry is overemphasized in the literature. The aspect that deals with the interactions of stories to the story teller’s sociocultural environment has been overlooked. Aim: To explore the sociocultural feature of narrative inquiry and to demonstrate how this methodology was used to explore both lived experiences and cultural aspects of parents’ experiences of caring for preterm infants after discharge from four neonatal units in Ghana. Conclusions: Given the dynamic nature of narrative inquiry, this article proposes that its use should not be limited to the study of experiences only. For a qualitative study that requires the study of both experiences and the interaction of participants with their sociocultural environment, narrative inquiry serves the purpose.
Oriental Wheat an Underutilised Tetraploid Wheat Species. A Case Study: Nutritional and Technological Traits of Kamut

Interest in the so-called ancient wheats (einkorn, emmer, spelt and Oriental wheat) has increased dramatically over the last decades. Of particular interest, in relation to human consumption, are the nutritional traits as well as the pasta- and bread-making performances. This is attributable to the strict relationships between these features and the economic value of food derivatives entirely or partially prepared using ancient wheat species. Studies on agronomic, biochemical and technological traits of emmer and spelt have been the object of some reviews, while little attention has been devoted to Oriental wheat (T. turgidum L. subsp. turanicum (Jakubz.) A. Love & D. Love). This review describes the current state of knowledge regarding genetic, compositional and technological traits of Oriental wheat, a neglected and underutilised tetraploid wheat species. Comparison with ancient and modern wheat cultivars is also discussed. Literature dealing with the accession QK-77, registered as Kamut ® , the only variety belonging to this species, is analysed in depth. The results of field trials carried out in Southern Italy, a geographical area traditionally devoted to durum wheat cultivation, are discussed. Moreover, the state of the art about the incorporation or the preparation of popular foods with Kamut ® is presented.
Talent Retention and OrganizationalPerformance: A CompetitivePositioning in Nigerian Banking Sector

The study examined how best an organization can retain and manage talented employees to ensure survival and growth in the banking industry. The descriptive research design was adopted. The survey sample size was one hundred and eighty five (185) and was analysed as a whole. Self-administered questionnaire was adopted in order to obtain adequate and valid data for the study and the responses obtained were subjected to some analyses with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) AMOS 21, with the adoption of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to obtain correlation between observed variables and also regression between the dependent and independent constructs of the study. However, the results from the survey indicate that pay has positive significant implications on employees’ commitment and involvement. This suggests that decision makers should incorporate these variables (salary, bonus, incentives, reward, and profit sharing) into their employment relation strategies and policies which ultimately lead to increase the level of commitment and involvement among the employees.
INSTITUTIONAL DETERMINANTS OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS' ENTRY MODE CHOICE IN TURKEY

There are a wide range of factors that affect multinational corporations (MNCs) when they decide how to enter into a new market. In this study, the factors that shape MNCs’ entry mode decisions are investigated in institutional economics framework. Two different theories on institutions, namely Institutional Theory and New Institutional Economics, are utilized. Using 2293 entries into Turkey, we found that investment freedom, intellectual property rights protection and corruption have significant effects on the entry mode choice of MNCs in the institutional economics context. Besides, real GDP, real capital investment, and knowledge intensity of the sector are other factors that shape MNCs’ entry mode decision.
Sensitivity of Water Scarcity Events to ENSO-Driven Climate Variability at the Global Scale

Globally, freshwater shortage is one of the most dangerous risks for society. Changing hydro-climatic and socioeconomic conditions have aggravated water scarcity over the past decades. A wide range of studies show that water scarcity will intensify in the future, as a result of both increased consumptive water use and, in some regions, climate change. Although it is well-known that El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects patterns of precipitation and drought at global and regional scales, little attention has yet been paid to the impacts of climate variability on water scarcity conditions, despite its importance for adaptation planning. Therefore, we present the first global-scale sensitivity assessment of water scarcity to ENSO, the most dominant signal of climate variability. We show that over the time period 1961–2010, both water availability and water scarcity conditions are significantly correlated with ENSO-driven climate variability over a large proportion of the global land area (> 28.1 %); an area inhabited by more than 31.4 % of the global population. We also found, however, that climate variability alone is often not enough to trigger the actual incidence of water scarcity events. The sensitivity of a region to water scarcity events, expressed in terms of land area or population exposed, is determined by both hydro-climatic and socioeconomic conditions. Currently, the population actually impacted by water scarcity events consists of 39.6 % (CTA: consumption-to-availability ratio) and 41.1 % (WCI: water crowding index) of the global population, whilst only 11.4 % (CTA) and 15.9 % (WCI) of the global population is at the same time living in areas sensitive to ENSO-driven climate variability. These results are contrasted, however, by differences in growth rates found under changing socioeconomic conditions, which are relatively high in regions exposed to water scarcity events. Given the correlations found between ENSO and water availability and scarcity conditions, and the relative developments of water scarcity impacts under changing socioeconomic conditions, we suggest that there is potential for ENSO-based adaptation and risk reduction that could be facilitated by more research on this emerging topic.
Lateral variations in the crustal structure of the Indo-Eurasian collision zone

We thank Michael Ritzwoller and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that have helped improve the manuscript. The majority of the seismic data used in this study were downloaded from IRIS DMC. Data for the NGRI stations in India were provided by S. S. Rai, and Zahid Raﬁ provided the PMD Pakistan data. Kajal Borah provided the ambient noise cross-correlations for the Uttaranchal network. Figures were prepared using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) software (Wessel and Smith, 1998). We thank Robert Herrmann for making the Computer Programs in Seismology freely available.
THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL DEBT AND DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS ON PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN KENYA

Private investment remains not only a cornerstone but also an engine for renewed and sustainable economic growth. However, of late, the private investment rate in Kenya lias declined. One of the possible causes for this continued decline is the huge external indebtedness that our country experiences. The central focus of this paper was to empirically assess the effects of external debt and debt service payments on private investment. Also the paper examines the factors that have led to the accumulation of external debt in Kenya. The paper confirms the presence of debt “crowding out” effects (effects of huge external debt stock) although it fails to confirm the presence of debt “overhang ’’effects (effects of external debt service payments) on Private investment in Kenya. Other factors that were found to affect private investment decisions in Kenya include public investment, inflation, terms of trade shocks and the real exchange rate. Also, the study findings indicate that both domestic and external factors are responsible for external debt accumulation in Kenya. They include terms of trade deterioration, real exchange rate misalignment, growth of income in industrialized countries, fiscal indiscipline and the rising real foreign interest on loans. There is need to adopt policies that will lead to a reduction in external debt and service
Notes on designing multi-display spaces

This research attempts to integrate a new technology–MultiDisplay Environment (MDE)–into the design and creation of new architectural spaces–multi-display spaces. The research objective is to formulate a set of design guidelines that advise designers on the effective use of the MDE technology, so that the technology may become a new design element and enables designers to show amplification effects of spaces. Two empirical studies are conducted. Based on the results of empirical studies, a set of multi-display space design guidelines is formulated with three key aspects: scene selection, display allocation and display arrangement. The design guidelines require further validations through practical applications. Nevertheless, the research introduces a new design element for designers to think about the future of architectural spaces with more opportunities and possibilities.