Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ein universelles und dynamisch rekonfigurierbares Interface für eingebettete und intelligente Multi-Sensor-Systeme mit Self-x Eigenschaften

Seit Aufkommen der Halbleiter-Technologie existiert ein Trend zur Miniaturisierung elektronischer Systeme. Dies, steigende Anforderungen sowie die zunehmende Integration verschiedener Sensoren zur Interaktion mit der Umgebung lassen solche eingebetteten Systeme, wie sie zum Beispiel in mobilen Geraten oder Fahrzeugen vorkommen, zunehmend komplexer werden. Die Folgen sind ein Anstieg der Entwicklungszeit und ein immer hoherer Bauteileaufwand, bei gleichzeitig geforderter Reduktion von Grose und Energiebedarf. Insbesondere der Entwurf von Multi-Sensor-Systemen verlangt fur jeden verwendeten Sensortyp jeweils gesondert nach einer spezifischen Sensorelektronik und steht damit den Forderungen nach Miniaturisierung und geringem Leistungsverbrauch entgegen. In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird das oben beschriebene Problem aufgegriffen und die Entwicklung eines universellen Sensor-Interfaces fur eben solche Multi-Sensor-Systeme erortert. Als ein einzelner integrierter Baustein kann dieses Interface bis zu neun verschiedenen Sensoren unterschiedlichen Typs als Sensorelektronik dienen. Die aufnehmbaren Messgrosen umfassen: Spannung, Strom, Widerstand, Kapazitat, Induktivitat und Impedanz. Durch dynamische Rekonfigurierbarkeit und applikationsspezifische Programmierung wird eine variable Konfiguration entsprechend der jeweiligen Anforderungen ermoglicht. Sowohl der Entwicklungs- als auch der Bauteileaufwand konnen dank dieser Schnittstelle, die zudem einen Energiesparmodus beinhaltet, erheblich reduziert werden. Die flexible Struktur ermoglicht den Aufbau intelligenter Systeme mit sogenannten Self-x Charakteristiken. Diese betreffen Fahigkeiten zur eigenstandigen Systemuberwachung, Kalibrierung oder Reparatur und tragen damit zu einer erhohten Robustheit und Fehlertoleranz bei. Als weitere Innovation enthalt das universelle Interface neuartige Schaltungs- und Sensorkonzepte, beispielsweise zur Messung der Chip-Temperatur oder Kompensation thermischer Einflusse auf die Sensorik. Zwei unterschiedliche Anwendungen demonstrieren die Funktionalitat der hergestellten Prototypen. Die realisierten Applikationen haben die Lebensmittelanalyse sowie die dreidimensionale magnetische Lokalisierung zum Gegenstand.
New avenues in cancer prevention.

The wealth of papers that indicate and even prove how prevention can change cancer risk have still failed to convince everyone. For many people, both professionals and members of the general public, cancer still has the characteristics of fate. Whether you get it or not, nothing can change your destiny. Now you have 50% risk of cancer in a lifetime. One out of four will die of it – and that is it. Even the relation between tobacco and grave health problems is not taken seriously by a large part of the population.
Design of pole placement controllers for doubly-fed induction generators in the complex domain

Three pole-placement controllers are designed for the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) in a stator voltage-oriented frame. The pole placement technique is used to compute the parameters of the feedback controller to regulate the active and reactive powers through the rotor side voltage. The main contribution of this paper is representing the DFIG model in the complex domain to reduce the order of the system, yielding simple expressions for the controller gains. Simulations in MATLAB/SIMULINK are used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and Alzheimer disease

The authors investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-I) and Alzheimer disease (AD) by using histology for diagnosis of Hp-I. Fifty patients with AD and 30 iron deficiency anemic control participants without AD were included. The histologic prevalence of Hp-I was 88% in patients with AD and 46.7% in controls (p < 0.001).
Transforming Growth Factor &bgr;1 Contributes to the Invasiveness of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Through the Regulation of CD24 Expression

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CD24 in the invasiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: We used 2 human PDAC cell lines containing large numbers of CD24-positive (CD24+) cells (>65%; AsPC-1 cells) or few CD24+ cells (<20%; CFPAC-1 cells). Invasiveness was estimated using the Matrigel invasion assay. The role of CD24 in invasiveness was evaluated using small interference RNA against CD24 mRNA. Results: The invasive ability of CD24+ cells collected by cell sorter was higher than that of CD24-negative (CD24−) cells. On the other hand, silencing of CD24 decreased the invasive ability of CD24+ cells. Importantly, considerable amount of CD24+ cells was converted to CD24− cells within 24 hours under in vitro culture condition. Transforming growth factor &bgr;1 significantly inhibited this conversion and consequently maintained the high invasiveness of CD24+ cells. Conclusions: Our data show that CD24 contributes to the invasive ability of PDAC and also suggest that transforming growth factor &bgr;1 may contribute to the invasiveness of PDAC by suppressing the conversion from CD24+ cells to CD24− cells at the tumor site.
Hacking Women's Health

The aim of this two-day workshop is to bring together a nascent community of researchers to share research, ideas, methods and tools that can encourage, inspire and strengthen those of us working on digital women's health. Our workshop aims to take a pro-active stance, offering participants the opportunity to critique, design and hack existing and new women's digital health experiences. Or, in other words, to get their hands dirty. Through our hack-led event we aim to face head-on issues related to digital women's health, such as taboo, power and prejudice. This workshop will address current gaps in research and practice by enabling us to develop the confidence, networks and strategies that can facilitate researchers / designers / technologists to work within this space.
Sleep Spindles as Facilitators of Memory Formation and Learning

Over the past decades important progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of sleep spindle generation. At the same time a physiological role of sleep spindles is starting to be revealed. Behavioural studies in humans and animals have found significant correlations between the recall performance in different learning tasks and the amount of sleep spindles in the intervening sleep. Concomitant neurophysiological experiments showed a close relationship between sleep spindles and other sleep related EEG rhythms as well as a relationship between sleep spindles and synaptic plasticity. Together, there is growing evidence from several disciplines in neuroscience for a participation of sleep spindles in memory formation and learning.
Guidelines for the use of iron supplements to prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia

The use of trade names and commercial sources in this document is for purposes of identification only, and does not imply endorsement by ILSI. In addition, the views expressed herein are those of the individual authors and/or their organizations, and do not necessarily reflect those of ILSI. PREFACE Iron deficiency anemia is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world today. It impacts the lives of millions of women and children contributing to poor cognitive development, increased maternal mortality and decreased work capacity. Yet with appropriate public health action, this form of micronutrient malnutrition can be brought under control. These guidelines are offered as an important component of iron deficiency anemia control programs. The International Nutritional Anemia Consultative Group (INACG) has a long standing commitment to provide scientifically sound recommendations to public health planners and managers about ways to control iron deficiency anemia. This publication is another in a series of publications aimed at providing such guidance. While the main focus of these guidelines is on iron supplementation programs and parasite control, these guidelines acknowledge the beneficial role food fortification and dietary diversification can have in controlling iron deficiency anemia. Further information on these approaches can be found in other INACG documents as well as those of other organizations. It is hoped that these guidelines, which reflect our current state of knowledge, will be useful to those charged with planning and implementing iron supplementation programs. Please feel free to send your comments regarding these guidelines, so that they might be improved at a future date. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The public health community is grateful to Dr. Rebecca Stoltzfus and Ms. Michele Dreyfuss for taking on the important task of developing these guidelines. They committed numerous hours to drafting and soliciting input from experts around the world. Ms. Rae Galloway contributed significantly to this project by providing her extensive experience on issues discussed in the section, From Guidelines to Programs including Table 10. Dr. Alan Fleming likewise contributed significantly to the section, Guidelines for Treatment or Referral of Severe Anemia in Primary Care Settings.  Drs. Lorenzo Savioli and Antonio Montresor provided expert guidance on the treatment of parasites, both hookworm and schistosomiasis. INACG organized an expert panel review of the initial draft guidelines prepared by Drs. Stoltzfus and Dreyfuss. The members of this panel were: Dr. The contribution of these experts to the development of the final product is greatly appreciated. INACG is …
The effect of eight weeks of rabeprazole therapy on nitric oxide plasma level and esophageal pH and motility and motility nitric oxide plasma level in patients with erosive esophagitis.

BACKGROUND Esophageal clearance, an important pathogenetic factor in gastroesophageal reflux disease, depends mainly on motility. Motility disturbances can be secondary to gastric output reflux. Nitric oxide influences esophageal motility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of gastric acid secretion suppression with rabeprazole (20 mg/day) on esophageal motility. MATERIAL/METHODS 20 patients with erosive esophagitis were studied. At study start and two weeks after the end of therapy, we recorded the results of interview, endoscopy, gastric and esophageal mucosa biopsy, 24-h esophageal pH-metry and manometry, and NO metabolites plasma concentration, determined spectrophotometrically (OXIS). RESULTS All patients reported improvement and remained free of symptoms two weeks later. In 60% of cases, improvement of esophageal mucosa appearance was observed in endoscopic and histological examination. In follow-up we found a significantly smaller number of acid gastrooesophageal refluxes (p<0.05), reduced DeMeester score for pH range >7 (p<0.05), and greater % of time within the esophageal pH range 6-7 (p<0.05). Other esophageal pH-metry and 24-h manometry parameters did not change significantly. NO metabolites plasma concentration increased significantly (p=0.039). CONCLUSIONS Clinical improvement after eight weeks of therapy with rabeprazole was connected with endoscopic changes only in 60% of our patients. Rabeprazole therapy did not influence esophageal motility, despite increased plasma levels of NO metabolites. Patients with erosive esophagitis need maintenance therapy, since as soon as two weeks after the end of treatment the % of monitoring time with esophageal pH<4 was similar to study start.
Increased CCR5 Affinity and Reduced CCR5/CD4 Dependence of a Neurovirulent Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolate

ABSTRACT Most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viruses in the brain use CCR5 as the principal coreceptor for entry into a cell. However, additional phenotypic characteristics are necessary for HIV-1 neurotropism. Furthermore, neurotropic strains are not necessarily neurovirulent. To better understand the determinants of HIV-1 neurovirulence, we isolated viruses from brain tissue samples from three AIDS patients with dementia and HIV-1 encephalitis and analyzed their ability to induce syncytia in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and neuronal apoptosis in primary brain cultures. Two R5X4 viruses (MACS1-br and MACS1-spln) were highly fusogenic in MDM and induced neuronal apoptosis. The R5 viruses UK1-br and MACS2-br are both neurotropic. However, only UK1-br induced high levels of fusion in MDM and neuronal apoptosis. Full-length Env clones from UK1-br required lower CCR5 and CD4 levels than Env clones from MACS2-br to function efficiently in cell-to-cell fusion and single-round infection assays. UK1-br Envs also had a greater affinity for CCR5 than MACS2-br Envs in binding assays. Relatively high levels of UK1-br and MACS2-br Envs bound to CCR5 in the absence of soluble CD4. However, these Envs could not mediate CD4-independent infection, and MACS2-br Envs were unable to mediate fusion or infection in cells expressing low levels of CD4. The UK1-br virus was more resistant than MACS2-br to inhibition by the CCR5-targeted inhibitors TAK-779 and Sch-C. UK1-br was more sensitive than MACS2-br to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (2F5 and immunoglobulin G1b12 [IgG1b12]) and CD4-IgG2. These results predict the presence of HIV-1 variants with increased CCR5 affinity and reduced dependence on CCR5 and CD4 in the brains of some AIDS patients with central nervous system disease and suggest that R5 variants with increased CCR5 affinity may represent a pathogenic viral phenotype contributing to the neurodegenerative manifestations of AIDS.
Bacteriolysis of Veillonella alcalescens by lysozyme and inorganic anions present in saliva

Veillonella alcalescens subsp. dispar was grown in a synthetic medium containing either radiolabeled thymidine or uridine to monitor cell lysis by assay of the release of deoxyribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid (RNA), respectively. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that, although human or hen egg white lysozymes alone did not release deoxyribonucleic acid or RNA, the nucleic acids were liberated in equal amounts from lysozyme-treated cells by the addition of low concentrations of the sodium salts of HCO-3, SCN-, Cl-, and F-, RNA release was dependent on enzyme and anion concentration. Human lysozyme was more potent than hen egg white lysozyme, and bicarbonate was the most effective anion in promoting bacteriolysis. Surprisingly, ultrastructural analyses differed from biochemical results. Lysozyme alone caused lysis in approximately 40% of the cell population. Detailed ultrastructural examination revealed aggregated cytoplasmic components which appeared as small clumps, explaining why nucleic acids were not measurable in the biochemical assays. In reaction mixtures containing lysozyme plus inorganic salts, electron microscopy results were compatible with biochemical data. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated that the addition of inorganic salts to lysozyme-treated cells resulted in the solubilization of the protoplasmic aggregates of lysed cells, presumably freeing the complexed RNA, and in the rapid lysis of the remaining cells (approximately 60%). These data suggest that electron microscopy must be used in conjunction with biochemical assays to assess lytic damage of bacterial cells.
Le financement des PME par les banques : contraintes des firmes et limites

Souvent considerees comme une priorite nationale en raison de leur contribution a la creation d’emplois, les PMEfrancaises connaissent des difficultes financieres chroniques. Le desequilibre de leur structure de bilan n’est cependant pas attribuable aux seules specificites endogenes de ces firmes ; il provient egalement des problemes rencontres par les PME pour etablir des relations cooperatives avec les banques. Le manque de fonds propres et les risques qui accompagnent un surendettement a court terme ne pourront en effet etre resorbes que si les intermediaires financiers acceptent de reviser leurs criteres d’octroi du credit qui desavantagent actuellement les unites de petites dimensions
Is Knowledge About Signs and Symptoms of Preterm Labor Related to Low Birth Weight?

The intent of this study was to explore the relationship of patient knowledge about the signs and symptoms of preterm labor and low birth weight. To this end, 538 women were interviewed in the postpartum period. Five aspects of preterm labor knowledge (abdominal tightness, vaginal discharge, cramping, diarrhea, and bleeding) were sought, along with standard demographic information. Data were analyzed as dichotomous variables and compared using odds ratios. Logistic regression was chosen to calculate adjusted odds ratios, including only those factors found to be associated with low birth weight. Patient knowledge of each varied from 46 to 87% for the five items. Only one third knew all five areas. Knowledge of the importance of abdominal tightness, vaginal discharge, and cramping were associated with a reduction in low birth weight, as was knowledge of all five aspects. However, regression analysis failed to support a significant association with any of the five areas alone or when considered as a group. The low sensitivity of the relationship between patient knowledge and low birth weight and the lack of correlation after regression suggest that programs focusing on enhanced patient education may have limited benefits.
Periodic health examination, 1995 update: 1. Screening for human papillomavirus infection in asymptomatic women. Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination.

OBJECTIVE To develop recommendations for practising physicians on the advisability of screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in asymptomatic women. OPTIONS Visual inspection, Papanicolaou testing, colposcopy or cervicography, use of HPV group-specific antigen, DNA hybridization, dot blot technique, Southern blot technique or polymerase chain reaction followed by physical or chemical therapeutic intervention. OUTCOMES Evidence for a link between HPV infection and cervical cancer, sensitivity and specificity of HPV screening techniques, effectiveness of treatments for HPV infection, and the social and economic costs incurred by screening. EVIDENCE MEDLINE was searched for articles published between January 1966 to June 1993 with the use of the key words "papillomavirus," "cervix neoplasms," "mass screening," "prospective studies," "prevalence," "sensitivity," "specificity," "human" and "female. " VALUES Proven cost-effective screening techniques that could lead to decreased morbidity or mortality were given a high value. The evidence-based methods and values of the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination were used. BENEFITS, HARMS AND COSTS Potential benefits are to prevent cervical cancer and eliminate HPV infection. Potential harmful effects include the creation of an unnecessary burden on the health care system and the labelling of otherwise healthy people as patients with a sexually transmitted disease for which therapy is generally ineffective. Potential costs would include expense of testing, increased use of colposcopy and treatment. RECOMMENDATIONS There is fair evidence to exclude HPV screening (beyond Papanicolaou testing for cervical cancer) in asymptomatic women (grade D recommendation). VALIDATION The report was reviewed by members of the task force and three external reviewers who were selected to represent different areas of expertise. SPONSORS These guidelines were developed and endorsed by the task force, which is funded by Health Canada and the National Health Research and Development Program. The principal author (K.J.) was supported in part by the National Health Research and Development Program through a National Health Fellowship (AIDS).
The metabolic effects of platelet-activating factor antagonism in endotoxemic man.

OBJECTIVE To determine if the inflammatory phospholipid platelet-activating factor (PAF) participated in the symptomatologic, metabolic, and counterregulatory hormonal responses of human endotoxemia. DESIGN In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, five subjects received 10 mg of the PAF antagonist Ro 24-4736 orally, while five control subjects received a placebo. Eighteen hours later, all subjects were administered 4 ng/kg of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) intravenously. SETTING The Clinical Research Center of The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS Healthy male volunteers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Repeated measurements of vital signs, symptoms, cytokine and hormone levels, resting energy expenditure, platelet aggregation, and bleeding times were performed during a 24-hour period. RESULTS Subjects who were pretreated with the PAF antagonist experienced fewer symptoms, including rigors at 1 hour (P < .05) and myalgias at 1 through 4 hours (P < .05) after administration of lipopolysaccharide. This was in concert with a diminished peak cortisol level (668 +/- 107 vs 959 +/- 159 nmol/L in controls; P < .05), epinephrine secretion (1057 +/- 165 vs 2029 +/- 431 nmol/L in controls; P < .05), and almost complete inhibition of PAF-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings in the face of unaltered circulating cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6, as well as the tumor necrosis factor receptor-I s, suggest that PAF may influence some endotoxin-induced, counterregulatory hormonal responses and symptoms through cytokine-independent mechanisms. This study further supports the role of PAF antagonists as an adjunct to cytokine blockade in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis.
Viral Stress-inducible Protein p56 Inhibits Translation by Blocking the Interaction of eIF3 with the Ternary Complex eIF2·GTP·Met-tRNAi*

Viral stress-inducible protein p56 is produced in response to viral stress-inducing agents such as double-stranded RNA and interferon, as well as other poorly understood mechanisms of viral infection. It has been shown previously that p56 is able to bind the eukaryotic initiation factor 3e(eIF3e) (p48/Int-6) subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3 and function as an inhibitor of translation in vitro and in vivo. The exact mechanism by which p56 is able to interfere with protein synthesis is not understood. Based on the known roles of eIF3 in the initiation pathway, we employed assays designed to individually look at specific functions of eIF3 and the effect of p56 on these eIF3-mediated functions. These assays examined the effect of p56 on ribosome dissociation, the eIF3·eIF4F interaction, and enhancement of the ternary complex eIF2·GTP·Met-tRNAi formation. Here we report that p56 is able to inhibit translation initiation specifically at the level of eIF3·ternary complex formation. The effect of p56-mediated inhibition was also examined in two different contexts, cap-mediated and encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosomal entry site-mediated translation. Whereas cap-dependent initiation was severely inhibited by p56, internal ribosomal entry site-mediated translation appeared to be insensitive to p56.
High bandwidth memory interface design based on DDR3 SDRAM and FPGA

This work presented the high bandwidth memory interface design based on DDR3 SDRAM using external memory IP core provided by FPGA devices. The structure and configuration of IP core was introduced and the simulation on soft and hard IP was carried out with the access controller designed. The maximum transmission bandwidth of the memory interface based on the soft and hard IP respectively reached 19.2Gbps and 25.6Gbps. Finally, the reliability of the interface controller was verified by downloading the program to the DAQ board and observing the internal signals.