Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Labour Turnover Rate and its Costs in the Five Stars Hotel: A Case of Serena Hotels in Ilala District

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the rate and costs of labour turnover in the five star hotel industry in Tanzania. This research study is conducted in Serena hotel as one of the big five rated star hotel in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Simple random sampling method was used to pick respondents for this study. In this research, data were collected from 120 hotel employees in Serena hotel. Total number of respondents were required to answer the questionnaires and other data regarding total number of hotel employees , annual turnover number , annual replacement costs and hotel department line budgets for meeting the costs of replacing employees were provided by Human resource manager by filling data form and through in depth interview. The results indicated that, labour turnover was lower for (5%) in the five star-rated hotels. The hotel manages to control the supervision and administration cost by reducing the number of employees who are less reliable, low committed and poor performers through dismissal and redundancy. Also the researcher found that, there are strategies for human resource employment in Serena hotel that has been taken for attracting, developing and retaining employees such as hiring employees with good qualifications and working experience that fit the right person to the job. Providing different extra off, breakfast and lunch package, welfare loan system and compensation package. The research will assist larger and smaller hotels to reduce high labour turnover by adopting systematic HRM strategies, to monitor their costs closely and use the research findings information to manage human capital more effectively, to allocate resources well and to adopt better ways of managing and retaining employees.
In vivo assessment of riluzole as a potential therapeutic drug for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder for which no curative therapy is available. The cause of this disease is the expansion of a CAG repeat in the so‐called ATXN3 gene leading to an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the ataxin‐3 protein. Although the function of ataxin‐3 has been defined as a deubiquitinating enzyme, the pathogenic pathway underlying SCA3 remains to be deciphered. Besides others, also the glutamatergic system seems to be altered in SCA3. The antiglutamatergic substance riluzole has thus been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for SCA3. To assess whether riluzole is effective in the treatment of SCA3 in vivo, we used a phenotypically well‐characterized conditional mouse model previously generated by us. Treatment with 10 mg/kg riluzole in the drinking water was started when mice showed impairment in rotarod performance. Post‐symptomatic treatment with riluzole carried out for a period of 10 months led to reduction of the soluble ataxin‐3 level and an increase in ataxin‐3 positive accumulations, but did not improve motor deficits measured by rotarod. There was also no positive effect on home cage behavior or body weight. We even observed a pronounced reduction of calbindin expression in Purkinje cells in riluzole‐treated mice. Thus, long‐term treatment with riluzole was not able to alleviate disease symptoms observed in transgenic SCA3 mice and should be considered with caution in the treatment of human patients.
Comparison of a GATE Monte Carlo simulation predictions to the performance of a high-resolution LYSO based dedicated animal PET camera

A Monte Carlo simulation of the performance of a high-sensitivity and high-resolution small animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanner with a large axial field-of-view (AFOV) is presented and compared to the measured data. The simulated camera is based on the photomultiplier-quadrant-sharing (PQS) concept and composed of 180 blocks of 13×13 lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals with an average crystal size of 1.24 mm transaxially, 1.4 mm axially, and 9.5 mm radially. The camera has 78 detector rings with an 11.6 cm AFOV and a ring diameter of 16.6 cm. For the simulation, we used the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) simulation package. We first validated GATE by comparing its predictions for spatial resolution, absolute sensitivity, and count rate with measured data obtained using an existing bismuth germanate (BGO) based dedicated animal PET scanner that had a similar AFOV and ring diameter and was also based on the PQS technique. Simulated and experimental images of the Data Spectrum Micro Deluxe phantom were also compared.
A prospective audit of regional anaesthesia failure in 5080 Caesarean sections *

Anaesthesia for Caesarean section was audited over a 5 year period: 5080 cases were performed using spinal 63%, epidural top‐up 26%, combined spinal‐epidural 5% and primary general anaesthesia 5%. The rate of general anaesthesia conversion of regional anaesthesia was 0.8% for elective and 4.9% for emergency Caesarean section compared to Royal College of Anaesthetists targets of 1% and 3%. The rate of conversion of regional to general anaesthesia in category 1 Caesarean section was 20%. A total of 8% of women had general anaesthesia when both primary general and conversion of regional anaesthesia were combined. The rate of failure to achieve a pain‐free operation was 6% with spinals, 24% with epidural top‐up and 18% with combined spinal‐epidural. Besides the type of anaesthesia and operative urgency, other factors associated with pre‐operative failure of regional anaesthesia included body mass index, no previous Caesareans, and indication for Caesarean of acute fetal distress or maternal medical condition. Inadequacy of pre‐operative anaesthetic block and duration of surgery were important risk factors for intra‐operative failure. For spinal anaesthesia, use of a spinal opioid was associated with less pre‐operative failure. For epidural top‐up anaesthesia, lower epidural top‐up volume was associated with less pre‐operative failure, and use of adrenaline was associated with both less pre‐operative and intra‐operative failure. The rate of serious adverse incidents was 1 : 126 with general anaesthesia and 1 : 501 with regional anaesthesia.
Well-being, posttraumatic growth and benefit finding in long-term breast cancer survivors

This study evaluates posttraumatic growth, benefit finding and well-being, and their mutual association in a random sample of disease-free 10-year breast cancer survivors. The population-based Eindhoven Cancer Registry (ECR) was used to select all women diagnosed with breast cancer in 1993 in six hospitals. Of the 254 breast cancer survivors, 183 (72%) returned a completed questionnaire. Measures included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (posttraumatic growth), the Perceived Disease Impact Scale (benefit finding) and the CentERdata Health monitor (life satisfaction, health status and psychological well-being). Self-reported health status and psychological well-being were similar in survivors compared to general population norms, whereas life satisfaction was significantly higher among survivors. In addition, posttraumatic growth was seen in the following domains: relationships with others, personal strength and appreciation of life. The number of patients reporting benefit finding was high (79%, N = 145). Benefit finding showed a moderately positive correlation with posttraumatic growth. In addition, women who stated that their satisfaction with life was high reported higher levels of posttraumatic growth in comparison to women who did not. Radiotherapy was negatively associated with posttraumatic growth. Women with a higher tumour stage at diagnosis experienced less benefit finding in comparison to women with a lower tumour stage at diagnosis. The above results can help to identify those patients who will probably experience posttraumatic growth and benefit finding after cancer. However, it is important to be aware that the positive effects of cancer on a patient's life do not occur in all cancer patients and all phases of the disease trajectory.
Earning Management: Is it Good or Bad?

Use of accounting discretion to address financial statements seems to be eroding public confidence in the financial reporting process. Some managers are abusing GAAP’s afforded discretion to manage earnings thus reducing the quality of the financial reporting process and ultimately bring adverse effects on resource allocation in the economy. Market participants, legislators, regulators, and academics are concerned in order for them to have the need to control financial reporting abuses. In this paper, I briefly analyze the recent literature and theories on earnings management and show the techniques used by managers to manipulate earnings. I found strong incentives and reasons for managers to report such smooth and increasing earnings by the: a) increase market capitalization; b) enhance management compensation and job security; and c) reduce the company’s cost of capital. The evidence found suggests that the managers used: a) big bath restructuring charges; b) miscellaneous cookie jar reserves (a hidden reserve that do not show up on the balance sheet (understating values) which can be used to adjust quarterly earnings reports c) premature and aggressive revenue recognition; and d) creative acquisition accounting and purchased R&D to manage earnings.
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Efficiency of Negotiated Exchanges between Buyers and Sellers: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

Buyerâ€“seller negotiations (BSN) are the fundamental mechanism of deal-making in business markets. However, it is well-known that many such negotiations fail to exploit their integrative potential and remain inefficient. Therefore, defining, measuring, and understanding the causes of BSN efficiency are of great consequence to researchers, managers, and policy makers. Based on an assessment of the shortcomings in extant measures, we posit the conceptual and analytical desiderata for any measure of negotiation efficiency. Specifically, we refine the conceptual understanding of BSN efficiency beyond the standard economic viewpoint and extend it to encompass a) affective responses to complement economic outcome measures, b) resources expended to reach these outcomes, and c) the multi-dimensional nature of both the outcome and input (resource) aspects. We propose Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a means to measure our conceptualization of BSN efficiency to alleviate the shortcomings identified. We use two studies to illustrate the face validity and additional insights that employing DEA provides compared to traditional outcome measures. We conclude by discussing the directions for future research.
Charge-Plasma Based Process Variation Immune Junctionless Transistor

In this letter, we report for the first time a distinctive approach of implementing a junctionless transistor (JLT) without doping (doping-less) the ultrathin silicon film. A charge-plasma concept is employed to induce n-region for the formation of source and drain for a n-channel JLT using appropriate metal work function electrodes. Electrical characteristics of the proposed device are simulated and compared with that of a conventionally doped JLT of identical dimensions. In conventional JLTs, the channel doping concentration is generally kept high to ensure high ON-state current, but it causes variation in threshold voltage, which may be due to process variations. The proposed device solves the problem of threshold voltage variability without affecting inherent advantages of JLTs.
Addressing the 'third delay' in maternal mortality: need for reform.

This case study response highlights the problem of the high maternal mortality rate in India and states that the issue lies in the "third delay" not the first of second delay. It states that the health systems currently are not geared to prioritize emergency situations and they must build accountability mechanisms into their operations and go beyond following one rule for all conditions.
Clinical and histopathological features of malignant melanoma in germline CDKN2A mutation families

Primary cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMMs) from 26 individuals belonging to nine families with an identified CDKN2A mutation were clinically and histopathologically compared with 78 matched CMM controls and with a population-based series of CMMs (n = 667). All tumours were histopathologically re-examined. CDKN2A-associated cases were significantly less invasive compared with the matched controls, with an adjusted odds ratio (adjOR) of 2.9 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.0–8.1 (P = 0.04). According to the odds ratio (OR) values, CDKN2A-associated cases seemed to have tumours more often located on the head and neck (adjOR 2.9, 95% CI 0.6–13.7), with less inflammation (adjOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.3–1.8) and regression (adjOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.2–1.8) but more frequent histological ulceration (adjOR 1.9, 95% CI 0.6–5.8). In comparison with the population-based material, CDKN2A-associated cases were significantly younger at diagnosis (crude OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.6–7.5, divided at 50 years) and had less regressive reaction in their tumours (crude OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.2–0.8). No significant differences were seen for tumour thickness between the different groups. On multivariate analysis, the overall survival was significantly worse for thicker tumours and older age (P = 0.04 for both). To our knowledge this is the first description of the histopathological features of CMMs from families with mutations in the CDKN2A gene.
Using Deep Learning-Based Approach to Predict Remaining Useful Life of Rotating Components

In the age of Internet of Things and Industrial 4.0, prognostic and health management (PHM) systems are used to collect massive real-time data from mechanical equipment. PHM big data has the characteristics of large-volume, diversity, and high-velocity. Effectively mining features from such data and accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of the rotating components with new advanced methods become issues in PHM. Traditional data driven prognostics is based on shallow learning architectures, requires establishing explicit model equations and much prior knowledge about signal processing techniques and prognostic expertise, and therefore is limited in the age of big data. This paper presents a deep learning-based approach for RUL prediction of rotating components with big data. The presented approach is tested and validated using data collected from a gear test rig and bearing run-to-failure tests and compared with existing PHM methods. The test results show the promising RUL prediction performance of the deep learning-based approach.
The requirement of the LC8 dynein light chain for nuclear migration and septum positioning is temperature dependent in Aspergillus nidulans

In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, the multisubunit motor complex cytoplasmic dynein plays essential roles in nuclear migration and septum positioning. The 8 kDa light chain, LC8, the smallest subunit, is conserved among eukaryotic organisms. Besides being a component in the dynein complex, LC8 also interacts with a wide spectrum of mammalian and viral proteins. To date, the function of this small polypeptide is not well understood. To address this issue, we have created a deletion mutation (ΔnudG) at the nudG locus encoding LC8 in A. nidulans. At 42°C, the ΔnudG mutant forms minute colonies lacking asexual reproduction: this phenotype resembles the phenotype of the dynein heavy chain null mutant. The mutant nuclei largely clustered in the spore body after conidial germination, and the septum was often assembled distally toward the hyphal apex, whereas a control germling has its nuclei distributed along the hypha and the septum formed near the spore body. When the mutant was grown at 23°C, however, its colony resembled a control one, and so did the patterns of nuclear distribution and septum positioning. Elevation of the growth temperature gradually reduced colony size and abolished asexual sporulation. After a period of growth at 23°C that allowed the nuclei to move out of the spore end, a temperature shift to 42°C prevented newly divided nuclei from migrating apart, suggesting that LC8/NUDG was required for both initiating and maintaining dynein motor functions at elevated temperatures. A functional GFP‐NUDA fusion was used to test whether LC8/NUDG is required for DHC (dynein heavy chain)/NUDA localization. We found that at 23°C GFP‐NUDA localized to the hyphal apex and the septation site in ΔnudG cells as in control cells. Such localizations were absent at 42°C in mutant cells, but not in control cells. We conclude that LC8 plays a role in DHC localization/function, and the requirement for such a role in A. nidulans cells is temperature dependent.
Mass Spectrometric Studies of the Effect of pH on the Accumulation of Intermediates in Denitrification by Paracoccus denitrificans

We have used a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a gas-permeable membrane inlet for continuous measurements of the production of N2O and N2 from nitrate or nitrite by cell suspensions of Paracoccus denitrificans. The use of nitrate and nitrite labeled with 15N was shown to simplify the interpretation of the results when these gases were measured. This approach was used to study the effect of pH on the production of denitrification intermediates from nitrate and nitrite under anoxic conditions. The kinetic patterns observed were quite different at acidic and alkaline pH values. At pH 5.5, first nitrate was converted to nitrite, then nitrite was converted to N2O, and finally N2O was converted to N2. At pH 8.5, nitrate was converted directly to N2, and the intermediates accumulated to only low steady-state concentrations. The sequential usage of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide observed at pH 5.5 was simulated by using a kinetic model of a branched electron transport chain in which alternative terminal reductases compete for a common reductant.
Aging, Obesity, and Inflammatory Age-Related Diseases

The increase in the prevalence of obesity represents a worldwide phenomenon in all age groups and is pathologically and genetically correlated with several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, representing the most frequent age-related diseases. Obesity superimposed on aging drastically increases chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), which is an important link between obesity, insulin resistance, and age-associated diseases. Immune cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems infiltrate the adipose tissue (AT) and during obesity induce inflammatory responses associated with metabolic switches and changes in phenotypes and function of immune cell subsets. Obesity poses new health problems especially when it occurs in the context of other diseases, many of them frequently affect elderly subjects. An emerging problem is the decreased proportion of patients with obesity achieving clinical response to therapy. In this review, we will discuss the reciprocal influences of immune cell and AT inflammation in aging and age-associated diseases and the complex relationship of nutrient and energy-sensing homeostatic checkpoints, which contribute to shape the phenotype of the AT. We will specifically examine type-2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, cognitive impairment, and dementia, where obesity plays a significant role, also in shaping some clinical aspects.
Individual nuclei in polykaryons can control cyclin distribution and DNA synthesis.

Nuclear patterns of cyclin (PCNA) distribution that subdivide S‐phase (determined using PCNA autoantibodies specific for this protein) as well as [3H]thymidine incorporation followed by autoradiography have been used to determine the S‐phase synchrony of homophasic polykaryons produced by polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐induced fusion of populations of mitotic transformed human amnion cells (AMA) exhibiting the following average distribution of phases: prophase, 9%, metaphase, 60% (including early and late prometaphase), anaphase, 3.8%, telophase, 26.2% and interphase, 1%. Both synchronous and asynchronous polykaryons were generated from these fusions; the latter being frequently observed only amongst populations of multinucleated cells having three or more nuclei. These results are taken to imply that individual nuclei in these polykaryons can control cyclin distribution and DNA synthesis in spite of the fact that they share a common cytoplasm.
The relationship between rewards, well-being and service quality of school principals in the North-West Province

Abstract Remuneration is a key factor that dominates the public sector, particularly amongst the employees in the education sector. Previous studies proved that many school principals are quitting their positions and trying their luck in other departments or the private sector because of poor remuneration or stress-related illnesses which lead to poor serv1ce orientation. This study investigated the relationship between the remuneration, wellbeing, service orientation of school principals in the North-West Province. This was perpetuated by the high rate of principals who quit the system before they reach their pensionable age. This study aimed to investigate how remuneration impacts on the wellbeing and service orientation of the school principals in the NorthWest Province. Moreover, it aimed to find out how remuneration influences school principals to quit the system before their retirement age.Remuneration is a key factor that dominates the public sector, particularly amongst the employees in the education sector. Previous studies proved that many school principals are quitting their positions and trying their luck in other departments or the private sector because of poor remuneration or stress-related illnesses which lead to poor serv1ce orientation. This study investigated the relationship between the remuneration, wellbeing, service orientation of school principals in the North-West Province. This was perpetuated by the high rate of principals who quit the system before they reach their pensionable age. This study aimed to investigate how remuneration impacts on the wellbeing and service orientation of the school principals in the NorthWest Province. Moreover, it aimed to find out how remuneration influences school principals to quit the system before their retirement age. Method Quantitative research was canied out from the school principals (N=155) in four districts of the North-West Province. A Reward scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and SERVQUAL was administered among a convenience sample of school principals. The data was analyses using the SPSS programme. Exploratory factor analyses and linear regression analyses was applied. Results The results of this study revealed the following: • a significant negative relationship between rewards and burnout, • a significant positive relationship between reward and work engagement, • a significant positive relationship between rewards and service quality, • no significant relationship between burnout and service quality, • no significant relationship between work engagement and service quality