Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of perovskite solar cells using novel 2D/3D‐blended perovskite single crystals

Single crystals of 2D/3D‐blended perovskite were grown by inverse temperature crystallization method, and used this material for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSC). Although, 3D perovskite is known for its high photovoltaic efficiency due to intense visible light absorbance, the hydrophilic organic cation in its structure makes it susceptible to rapid moisture induced structural degradation. When the 2D perovskite, possessing the long chains of hydrophobic organic molecule is incorporated in the 3D counterpart, moisture induced degradation is reduced, but with increased grain boundaries. The novelty of this work is to grow the single crystal of the 2D/3D‐blended perovskite, aiming to enhance the carrier mobility by reducing the grain boundaries, trap state densities, and charge recombination, while preserving the improved material stability. PSCs with polycrystalline 3D perovskite, single crystal of 3D perovskite, and single crystal of 2D/3D‐blended perovskite yielded efficiencies of 4.55%, 6.37% and 5.37% respectively.
Matériaux conducteurs mixtes ioniques et électroniques pour le couplage oxydant du méthane

Le couplage oxydant du methane (OCM) permet la transformation directe du methane en ethylene (C2). A ce jour, le procede catalytique n'atteint pas les criteres requis de selectivite et de rendement. La presence d'oxygene gazeux a haute temperature (T>700°C) favorise l'oxydation totale. L'utilisation d'un reacteur a membrane (RM) dense, compose de materiaux conducteurs ioniques et electroniques limite la presence de O2(g) dans le compartiment de reaction ameliorant ainsi la selectivite en C2. Cette these a pour cadre le developpement de membranes catalytiques ayant un flux d'oxygene assez eleve pour atteindre une conversion superieure a 25% et dont le revetement catalytique entraine une selectivite en C2 a 80%. Une methode innovante, basee sur une approche microcinetique, a ete developpee pour determiner le flux d'oxygene a travers les membranes a partir de mesures sur les poudres correspondantes (echange isotopique et ATG). Les constantes d'adsorption et de diffusion obtenues sont ensuite integrees dans une equation de flux simulant la semi-permeabilite. Cette methodologie, validee sur trois materiaux : Ba0.5Sr0. 5Co0.8Fe0. 2O3-δ (BSCF), La0.6Sr0. 4Co0.2Fe0. δ et Ba0.95La0. 05FeO3-δ, permettra d'accelerer la decouverte de nouveaux materiaux conducteurs d'oxygene. Les tests d'OCM ont ete realises sur une membrane BSCF modifiee en surface par une couche mince catalytique. Deux catalyseurs ont ete selectionnes : Mn/NaWO4 tres selectif et LaSr/CaO tres actif. Le rendement en reacteur membranaire est limite a 6%. Une analyse critique a ete realisee afin de concevoir une geometrie de reacteur membranaire optimale pour cette reaction
Glycemic control, associated factors, acute complications of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in children, adolescents and young adults in Tanzania

To determine the factors associated with poor glycemic control in children (1‐10 years), adolescents (11‐18 years) and young adults (19‐40 years) with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) in Moshi, Mount Meru Regional Referral Hospital (MMRRH) and Meru District Hospital (MDH) in Arusha, Tanzania.
Nordic Administrative Collaboration: Scope, Predictors and Effects on Policy Design and Administrative Reform Measures

This article examines whether Nordic administrative collaboration is still ‘alive and kicking,’ or whether it has been marginalized by increased integration into Europe and strong international reform trajectories. We analyse the scope and intensity of Nordic administrative collaboration from a structural perspective based on the perceptions of civil servants in the Norwegian central government. We also address the implications of Nordic collaboration for policy design and reform measures. The main conclusion is that Nordic administrative collaboration can best be described as differentiated integration. The scope of Nordic administrative collaboration is rather broad, and its internal structural features vary significantly. Nordic collaboration is perceived to have more of an effect on policy design than on specific administrative reform means and measures. However, structural features also matter.
Binding of Metal Ions by Extracellular Polymers of Biofilm Bacteria

Exopolymers which anchor sessile bacteria to metallic surfaces exhibit the capacity to bind copper ions with high affinity. Ionized carboxyl groups on the polymers appear to participate in cupric ion binding. Formation of complexes between the polymers and cupric ions results in the release of protons from the polymer molecule. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that polymers composed of acidic polysaccharides promote ionization and deterioration of metallic copper surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed that the ionic state of the surface-derived copper varied depending on the type of acidic polysaccharide that was in contact with the surface. The results suggest that exopolymers elaborated by adherent bacteria can enhance corrosion of the surfaces with which they are associated.
Estimating Release of Trace Elements from an Area with Historical Open Pit Mining of Alum Shale Using Mass Transport and Element/Sulfate Ratios Calculations

Alum shale was mined for oil and uranium production in Kvarntorp, Sweden, 1942–1966. Remnants such as pit lakes, exposed shale and a 100-meter-high waste deposit with a hot interior affect the surrounding environment, with elevated concentrations of, e.g., Mo, Ni and U in the recipient. Today most pit lakes are circumneutral while one of the lakes is still acidic. All pit lakes show signs of sulfide weathering with elevated sulfate concentrations. Mass transport calculations show that for elements such as uranium and molybdenum the western lake system (lake Söderhavet in particular) contributes the largest part. For sulfate, the two western lakes contribute with a quarter each, the eastern lake Norrtorpssjön about a third and a serpentine pond system receiving water from the waste deposit contributes around 17%. Except for a few elements (e.g., nickel 35%), the Serpentine system (including the waste deposit area) is not a very pronounced point source for metal release compared to the pit lakes. Estimates about future water runoff when the deposit has cooled down suggest only a slight increase in downstream water flow. There could possibly be first flush effects when previous hot areas have been reached by water.
Nontarget-Based Global Registration for Unorganized Point Clouds Obtained in the Dynamic Shipyard Environment

In this paper, we propose a method for registering unorganized point clouds without using targets or markers. Motivated by the 4-points congruent sets (4PCS) algorithm, which is a nontarget-based registration method commonly used in the related fields, we develop a feature-based 4PCS algorithm (F-4PCS). The method combines the basic approach of the 4PCS algorithm with geometric feature information to produce consistent global registration results efficiently. We use the features from the point feature histogram descriptor and the ones that capture the surface curvature. The experimental results show that the proposed method successfully registers point clouds of both the outdoor and indoor scenes and demonstrates better performance than the existing 4PCS-based registration methods.
Study of the genetic structure of a Brassica napus L. canola population derived from six interspecific crosses of B. napus × B. oleracea

Abstract: Broadening the genetic base of the C genome of Brassica napus L. canola is needed for continued improvement of this crop. For this, we developed few hundred canola lines from B. napus × Brassica oleracea L. interspecific crosses involving a B. napus canola line and six B. oleracea accessions belonging to four varieties, viz. vars. alboglabra, botrytis, capitata, and italica, and following two breeding methods [F2 and BC1 (F1 × B. napus) derived lines]. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic structure of this population regarding the alleles introgressed from B. oleracea by using simple sequence repeat markers and to investigate the inheritance of B. oleracea alleles in these reconstituted canola lines. Marker analysis showed that the four B. oleracea varieties were genetically quite distinct. Several canola lines derived from these six crosses tended to group together with their B. oleracea parent demonstrating that the wide diversity of the B. oleracea gene pool can be exploited for broadening the genetic base of the C genome of B. napus canola. Loss of several B. oleracea alleles occurred during the development of these inbred lines. While comparing the two breeding methods for introgression of B. oleracea alleles, significantly greater loss of alleles occurred in the F2-derived population as compared with the BC1-derived population. Thus, the knowledge from this study can be used for efficient introgression of exotic alleles from B. oleracea into B. napus for broadening the genetic base of this crop.
Enabling the feedback process in work-based learning: an evaluation of the 5 minute feedback form

Abstract Feedback is the key ingredient from which we grow. This paper contributes to the literature on student feedback in higher education, specifically within work-based learning. It provides an overview of the usability, utility and impact of a freely available feedback tool, the 5 min feedback form (5MFF). The 5MFF was constructed for use within physiotherapy and is being utilised across clinical placement sites in Ireland. The generalisability of its structure allows for transferability across healthcare professions and other work-based disciplines. A multi-site cross-sectional study utilising convenience sampling across a diverse range of placement settings was conducted. Physiotherapy students, practice educators and practice tutors were surveyed on their experience and perceptions of the 5MFF. Findings indicate strong agreement in relation to ease of use, speed of completion and the form’s ability to structure and provide timely feedback. Results support its capacity to encourage feedback prioritisation, identify strengths and weaknesses, direct learning, modify behaviours and facilitate the achievement of goals and objectives. Through facilitating collaborative dialogue the 5MFF supports the feedback conversation through raising awareness of student challenges or practice educator and tutor concerns. Utilisation of the 5MFF during physiotherapy clinical education supports effective feedback delivery and enables a positive feedback process.
Potential Use of Agro/Food Wastes as Biosorbents in the Removal of Heavy Metals

The production of large quantities of agro/food wastes from food processing industries and the release of pollutants in the form of heavy metals from various metallurgical industries are the grave problems of the society as well as serious threats to the environment. It is estimated that approximately one–third of all food that is produced goes to waste, meaning thereby that nearly 1.3 billion tonnes of agro/food wastes are generated per year. This readily available and large amount waste can be utilized for the removal of toxic metals obtained from metallurgical industries by converting it into the adsorbents. For example, mango peel showed adsorption capacity of 68.92 mg/g in removing cadmium II ions. Similarly, coconut waste showed a higher adsorption capacity of 285 and 263 mg/g in removing cadmium and lead ion, respectively. Biosorption and bioaccumulation are recommended as novel, efficient, eco-friendly, and less costly alternative technologies over the conventional methods such as ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and membrane filtration, etc. for the removal of toxic metal ions. Because of the presence of metal-binding functional groups, the industrial by-products, agro-wastes and microbial biomass are considered as the potential biosorbents. Thus they can be used for the removal of toxic metal ions. This chapter highlights the available information and methods on utilizing the agro/food waste for the eradication of toxic and heavy metal ions. Furthermore, this chapter also focuses on the sorption mechanisms of different adsorbents as well as their adsorbing capacities.
Synthesis, characterization, and thermal degradation kinetics of poly(styrene-co-N-maleimide isobutyl polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane)

This study demonstrated that poly(styrene-co-N-maleimide isobutyl polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS)) (P(S-co-NMIP)) was successfully prepared using free radical polymerization. For this purpose, firstly, N-maleimide isobutyl POSS (NMIP) was synthesized using aminopropyllsobutyl POSS (POSS-NH2) and maleic anhydride. Secondly, P(S-co-NMIP) was synthesized using styrene, NMIP, and 2,2-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as initiator in tetrahydrofuran for 24 h at 75°C to give copolymer. The synthesized polymer and compounds were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal behaviors of P(S-co-NMIP) were analyzed using thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analyses. The apparent activation energies (Es) for thermal degradation of P(S-co-NMIP) were obtained by integral methods (Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger). P(S-co-NMIP) was heated thermogravimetrically under various heating rates such as 5, 10, 15, and 20°C min−1 at a temperature range of 30–1000°C to determine their thermal degradation mechanisms. The values of E for P(S-co-NMIP) were found to be 127.5 ± 2.3 and 134.4 ± 14.8 kJ mol−1 for FWO and Kissinger methods, respectively. Also, the values of E of synthesized copolymer (P(S-co-NMIP)) were compared with styrene-co-maleic anhydride copolymer in literature.
Technology-assisted supplemental work, psychological detachment, and employee well-being: A daily diary study

Information and communication technologies facilitate connectivity to work-related matters after official working hours. Therefore, more and more employees engage in technology-assisted supplemental work (TASW) during recovery time. However, research on the association between TASW and well-being has shown mixed results. To shed further light on this relationship, we tested a moderated mediation model. Drawing upon the extended stressor-detachment model (Sonnentag and Fritz, 2015), we proposed that psychological detachment mediates the relationship between TASW and well-being (i.e. affect and vigor). Further, we expected appraisal to moderate the relationship between TASW and psychological detachment, as well as cognitive coping to moderate the relationship between psychological detachment and well-being. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed daily diary data from 100 employees. As hypothesized, daily psychological detachment after hours mediated the positive association between daily TASW and daily negative affect at bedtime. Contrary to expectations, daily TASW was not significantly related to daily positive affect at bedtime and daily vigor in the next morning. Additionally, we found no support for the moderating roles of appraisal and cognitive coping. These results suggest that TASW can be associated with negative well-being states via impaired recovery, but that further studies are needed to explore the ambiguous outcomes of TASW. We discuss practical implications and future research avenues regarding individual differences in the experience of TASW.
Research Progress of the Treatment of PD-1 Immune CheckpointInhibitors in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

1. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China 2. Department of stomatology, Longsai Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, China 3. Ningbo Institute of life and Health industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, China 4. Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang, 315200, China
Impact of Climate Change on the Energy and Comfort Performance of nZEB: A Case Study in Italy

Climate change is posing a variety of challenges in the built realm. Among them is the change in future energy consumption and the potential decay of current energy efficient paradigms. Indeed, today’s near-zero Energy buildings (nZEBs) may lose their virtuosity in the near future. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to evaluate the change in yearly performance between the present situation and future scenarios. Hourly dynamic simulations are performed on a residential nZEB located in Rome, built in compliance with the Italian legislation. We compare the current energy consumption with that expected in 2050, according to the two future projections described in the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Implications for thermal comfort are further investigated by assuming no heating and cooling system, and by tracking the free-floating operative temperature. Compared to the current weather conditions, the results reveal an average temperature increase of 3.4 °C and 3.9 °C under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, estimated through ERA-Interim/UrbClim. This comes at the expense of a 47.8% and 50.3% increase in terms of cooling energy needs, and a 129.5% and 185.8% decrease in terms of heating needs. The annual power consumption experiences an 18% increase under both scenarios due to (i) protracted activation of the air conditioning system and (ii) enhanced peak power requirements. A 6.2% and 5.1% decrease in the hours of adaptive comfort is determined under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5′s 2050 scenarios out of the concerted action of temperature and solar gains. The results for a newly proposed combined index for long-term comfort assessments reveal a milder future penalty, owing to less pronounced excursions and milder daily temperature swings.
Fossil Capitalism’s Lock-ins: The Natural Gas-Hydrogen Nexus

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the hypothesis that power relations in the current, fossil fuel-based capitalist system allow the natural gas industry to appropriate the notion of a hydrogen energy utopia and substitute a natural gas-based vision for a renewable-based one. Although the uptake of hydrogen as a fuel is still in its infancy, the push to decarbonise natural gas-consuming regions has spurred action by natural gas industry actors to capture future markets. In doing so, they are able to maintain their capital accumulation practices based on unsustainable resource exploitation. This paper looks at how the domains of economic competitiveness, infrastructures, (geo)politics, and ideology all underpin the power of the natural gas industry to the detriment of their renewable competitors. The European Union is discussed in more detail, since this is the first region where ambitious climate policy targets and natural gas consumption collide.
‘From fat and frazzled to fit and happy’: governing the unhealthy employee through quantification and wearable technologies

ABSTRACT Fitbits are one of an increasing number of wearable devices that are being used in workplace wellness programmes to track steps taken, stairs climbed, distance walked, calories burned, hours slept, and more. In this paper I examine Fitbit Health Solutions (FHS), a subset of the larger Fitbit, Inc., that is devoted to uses of Fitbit devices in workplace wellness programs. Using digital methods to collect documents pertaining to workplace wellness and FHS, as well as interviews with experts who have worked in a professional capacity to bring Fitbits into the workplace, the goal of this paper is to reflect on the increasing ubiquity of quantification and surveillance in employee health initiatives. Drawing on the Foucauldian tool of governmentality analysis, I excavate how these forms of ‘government at a distance’ construct employees as unfit and how quantification is mobilised to characterise and address that problem. First, I discuss the creation of identity categories of fit and unfit employees. Second, I describe how quantification provides a path to fitness for those needing improvement. Third, I explore how quantification and other means of measurement are used in the evaluation of programs and in selling the ‘story’ that Fitbits are a solid return on investment. Finally, I consider the ethical implications of these quantification initiatives, and consider the future of these technologies in workplaces.
Laser doppler velocimetry measurements in valved and ported engines

Measurements are presented of bulk velocity and its cyclic variation and of turbulence intensity in IC engines with combustion chambers of open shape. Engines with both ported and valved intakes were tested. The ported engine was tested both with and without swirl and the valved engine without swirl only. The ported engine was motored at 1200, 1800 and 2400 RPM and the valved engine at 600, 1200 and 1800 RPM. In both engines the shape of the combustion chamber was such as not to introduce strong organized gas motion during compression. Thus the in-cylinder gas motion, including turbulence, was due primarily to the intake process. The measurements were made using laser Doppler velocimetry as data rates which were sufficiently high to determine the bulk velocity in each cycle and thereby separate the cyclic fluctuations of the bulk velocity from the turbulence.
Machine Learning for Stress Detection from Electrodermal Activity: A Scoping Review

Early detection of stress can prevent us from suffering from a long-term illness such as depression and anxiety. This article presents a scoping review of stress detection based on electrodermal activity (EDA) and machine learning (ML). From an initial set of 395 articles searched in six scientific databases, 58 were finally selected according to various criteria established. The scoping review has made it possible to analyse all the steps to which the EDA signals are subjected: acquisition, preprocessing, processing and feature extraction. Finally, all the ML techniques applied to the features of this signal have been studied for stress detection. It has been found that support vector machines and artificial neural networks stand out within the supervised learning methods given their high performance values. On the contrary, it has been evidenced that unsupervised learning is not very common in the detection of stress through EDA. This scoping review concludes that the use of EDA for the detection of arousal variation (and stress detection) is widely spread, with very good results in its prediction with the ML methods found during this review.
Detection of Alfvén Eigenmodes on COMPASS with Generative Neural Networks

Abstract Chirping Alfvén eigenmodes were observed at the COMPASS tokamak. They are believed to be driven by runaway electrons (REs), and as such, they provide a unique opportunity to study the physics of nonlinear interaction between REs and electromagnetic instabilities, including important topics of RE mitigation and losses. On COMPASS, they can be detected from spectrograms of certain magnetic probes. So far, their detection has required much manual effort since they occur rarely. We strive to automate this process using machine learning techniques based on generative neural networks. We present two different models that are trained using a smaller, manually labeled database and a larger unlabeled database from COMPASS experiments. In a number of experiments, we demonstrate that our approach is a viable option for automated detection of rare instabilities in tokamak plasma.