Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A multilevel system to mitigate DDOS, brute force and SQL injection attack for cloud security

Use of internet increases day by day so securing network and data is a big issue. So, it is very important to maintain security to ensure safe and trusted communication of information between different organizations. Because of these IDS is a very useful component of computer and network security. IDS system is used by many organizations or industries to detect the weakness in their security, documenting previous attacks and threats and preventing all of this from violating security policies. Because of these advantages, this system is important in system security. In this paper, we find a multilevel solution for different approaches (attacks) based on intrusion detection system. In this paper, we identify different attacks and find the solutions for different type of attacks such as DDOS, SQL injection and Brute force attack. In this case, we use client-server architecture. To implement this we maintain profile of user and base on this we find normal user or attacker when system find that attack is present then it directly block the attack.
Phylogenomics Places Orphan Protistan Lineages in a Novel Eukaryotic Super-Group

Recent phylogenetic analyses position certain ‘orphan’ protist lineages deep in the tree of eukaryotic life, but their exact placements are poorly resolved. We conducted phylogenomic analyses that incorporate deeply sequenced transcriptomes from representatives of collodictyonids (diphylleids), rigifilids, Mantamonas and ancyromonads (planomonads). Analyses of 351 genes, using site-heterogeneous mixture models, strongly support a novel supergroup-level clade that includes collodictyonids, rigifilids and Mantamonas, which we name ‘CRuMs’. Further, they robustly place CRuMs as the closest branch to Amorphea (including animals and fungi). Ancyromonads are strongly inferred to be more distantly related to Amorphea than are CRuMs. They emerge either as sister to malawimonads, or as a separate deeper branch. CRuMs and ancyromonads represent two distinct major groups that branch deeply on the lineage that includes animals, near the most commonly inferred root of the eukaryote tree. This makes both groups crucial in examinations of the deepest-level history of extant eukaryotes.
Reconstructing the microstructure of polyimide–silicalite mixed‐matrix membranes and their particle connectivity using FIB‐SEM tomography

Properties of a composite material made of a continuous matrix and particles often depend on microscopic details, such as contacts between particles. Focusing on processing raw focused‐ion beam scanning electron microscope (FIB‐SEM) tomography data, we reconstructed three mixed‐matrix membrane samples made of 6FDA‐ODA polyimide and silicalite‐1 particles. In the first step of image processing, backscattered electron (BSE) and secondary electron (SE) signals were mixed in a ratio that was expected to obtain a segmented 3D image with a realistic volume fraction of silicalite‐1. Second, after spatial alignment of the stacked FIB‐SEM data, the 3D image was smoothed using adaptive median and anisotropic nonlinear diffusion filters. Third, the image was segmented using the power watershed method coupled with a seeding algorithm based on geodesic reconstruction from the markers. If the resulting volume fraction did not match the target value quantified by chemical analysis of the sample, the BSE and SE signals were mixed in another ratio and the procedure was repeated until the target volume fraction was achieved. Otherwise, the segmented 3D image (replica) was accepted and its microstructure was thoroughly characterized with special attention paid to connectivity of the silicalite phase. In terms of the phase connectivity, Monte Carlo simulations based on the pure‐phase permeability values enabled us to calculate the effective permeability tensor, the main diagonal elements of which were compared with the experimental permeability. In line with the hypothesis proposed in our recent paper (Čapek, P. et al. (2014) Comput. Mater. Sci. 89, 142–156), the results confirmed that the existence of particle clusters was a key microstructural feature determining effective permeability.
Formative, Process, and Intermediate Outcome Evaluation of a Pilot School-Based 5 a Day for Better Health Project

Several school-based health initiatives have successfully influenced children’s diets, 3 few of which targeted children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables. 4,5 This paper reports the formative, process, and intermediate outcome results of a 5-month school-based project that was linked to the National 5 A Day for Better Health campaign6 to increase young children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables. This project, The Kansas LEAN School Health Project, PHASE II: 5 A Day for Better Health, was implemented in three elementary schools. Two years prior to the start of this project, these schools completed PHASE I of the Kansas LEAN School Health Project, a more extensive intervention targeting nutrition education, physical activity, and dietary fat. 7,8 While PHASE I focused on reducing children’s consumption of dietary fat and increasing exercise, PHASE II focused on increasing children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables.
Neuroprotective, Neurogenic, and Amyloid Beta Reducing Effect of a Novel Alpha 2-Adrenoblocker, Mesedin, on Astroglia and Neuronal Progenitors upon Hypoxia and Glutamate Exposure

Locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system dysfunction is known to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides a variety of reports showing the involvement of norepinephrine and its receptor systems in cognition, amyloid β (Aβ) metabolism, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis, little is known about the contribution of the specific receptors to these actions. Here, we investigated the neurogenic and neuroprotective properties of a new α2 adrenoblocker, mesedin, in astroglial primary cultures (APC) from C57BL/6 and 3×Tg-AD mice. Our results demonstrate that mesedin rescues neuronal precursors and young neurons, and reduces the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from astroglia under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Mesedin also increased choline acetyltransferase, postsynaptic density marker 95 (PSD95), and Aβ-degrading enzyme neprilysin in the wild type APC, while in the 3×Tg-AD APC exposed to glutamate, it decreased the intracellular content of Aβ and enhanced the survival of synaptophysin-positive astroglia and neurons. These effects in APC can at least partially be attributed to the mesedin’s ability of increasing the expression of Interleukine(IL)-10, which is a potent anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective neurogenic, and Aβ metabolism enhancing factor. In summary, our data identify the neurogenic, neuroprotective, and anti-amyloidogenic action of mesedin in APC. Further in vivo studies are needed to estimate the therapeutic value of mesedin for AD.
Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 Is Associated with Carcinogenesis of the Lower Part of Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and p53 Expression

Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a key enzyme in arachidonic acid metabolism. Two isoforms of this enzyme have been identified: constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. Recently, expression of COX-2 has been found in several human carcinomas. COX-2 expression may contribute to the synthesis of prostanoids, which relate to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. We investigated the expression of COX-2 in 175 human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues using immunohistochemistry and evaluated the relationship with clinicopathological findings. In addition, due to the known relevance of p53 to carcinogesis, we evaluated the expression of COX-2 and p53. Interestingly, cancer tissues with high COX-2 expression were found significantly more often in the middle and lower esophagus than in the cervical and upper esophagus (p = 0.0014). No significant differences were observed in other clinicopathological data such as age, sex, histopathological grading, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, TNM clinical classification and patient prognosis. p53 expression was associated with the expression of COX-2 (p = 0.0122). Our findings suggest that COX-2 may play a role in the development of squamous cell carcinoma in the lower part of the thoracic esophagus.
Accuracy of Clinical Staging and Outcome With Primary Resection for Local-Regionally Limited Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of clinical staging, to assess survival with surgical resection alone, and to determine factors associated with understaging in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma thought to have limited local-regional disease. Background: Primary surgical resection is the preferred treatment in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma clinically staged to have limited nodal disease. This approach requires reliable clinical staging. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who had primary esophagectomy for clinical stage T1–3 N0–1 adenocarcinoma (seventh edition AJCC) from January 2002 to May 2013. Clinical and pathologic stages were compared and overall survival was analyzed. Results: There were 88 patients who met inclusion criteria. Final pathology confirmed appropriate clinical staging (⩽T3N1) in 76% of patients (67/88). There were 21 patients who were understaged (>T3N1), and in all cases, understaging was based on the presence of advanced nodal (N2 or N3) disease. Factors independently associated with understaging were the presence of dysphagia, tumor length >3 cm, and poor differentiation. At a median follow-up of 35 months, 63% of all patients (55/88) remain alive. The 5-year survival in correctly staged patients was 67%, compared with 33% for those who were understaged (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Modern clinical staging will accurately identify the majority of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and limited local-regional disease (⩽pT3N1). Survival with surgery alone in correctly staged patients was excellent and unlikely to be improved with neoadjuvant therapy. A combination of dysphagia, poor differentiation, and tumor length >3 cm was associated with understaging in 92% of patients. Patients with these factors are likely to have more advanced disease than clinically suspected and may benefit from neoadjuvant therapy before resection.
A multiple-lane vehicle tracking method for forward collision warning system applications

This paper proposes a vehicle tracking method for the Forward Collision Warning System (FCWS). The proposed method applies vehicle detection and feature tracking to each frame in the videos to enhance the detection accuracy and increase the stability of vehicle localization. The proposed method can be applied to three-lane FCWS which includes left, main, and right lanes. The performance of the proposed three-lane FCWS can achieve 720×480 video@183 fps in average when realized in PC with Intel Core i7 processor with average detection accuracy of 94.05% at daytime and 86.90% at night. The proposed method is also implemented on Freescale i.MX6 embedded platform with a USB webcam to capture the video. Under the D1 (720×480) resolution, the performance of the proposed 3-lane FCWS can achieve 29 fps.
Capteurs de gaz à base de nanofils verticaux et ordonnés de silicium

L'objectif de cette etude consiste a developper une nouvelle generation de capteurs de gaz ultra sensibles bases sur la nanostructuration du silicium sous forme de nanofils(NFs) verticaux de maniere controlee et reproductible par une approche « top-down ». Ces NFs sont contactes electriquement par un pont suspendu. Ainsi une large surface du NF est disponible, et peut reagir avec le gaz environnant. Cette approche permet de realiser des reseaux de NFs definis par photolithographie optique pour controler parfaitement leur nombre, leur espacement et leur position et obtenir ainsi des dispositifs reproductibles. Les capteurs ont ensuite ete caracterises electriquement et sous differentes ambiances gazeuses.
Metastatic efficiency of tumour cells can be impaired by intraoperative cell salvage process: truth or conjecture?

The use of salvaged blood in oncological surgery has been a matter of controversy over the years. This is due to the concern of systemic dissemination of reinfused tumour cells. Recent literature, across disciplines, has shed considerable light on its safety in terms of tumour recurrence, progression and overall survival rates. This clinical safety demonstrates the apparent metastatic inefficiency of reinfused tumour cells. The proof of this concept comes from various studies that have shown that salvaged blood has no tumour cells, or has a significantly lower count as compared to the patient's original circulatory tumour load. Recently, we took a step further and found that the tumour cells in the salvaged blood lose the capacity to replicate. In this review, we revisited the safety of salvaged blood from the point of view of metastatic potential. We have presented basic and applied science evidence regarding the innocuous nature of tumour cells that have been subjected to the cell salvage process. The understanding of the metastatic efficiency or the lack of it in tumour cells subjected to salvage process is key to allay the concerns conventionally associated with the use of salvaged blood in tumour surgery. Based on the available literature, we surmise that the prevalent apprehensions on the usage of salvaged blood are ill‐founded and further substantiate why tumour cells in the salvaged blood could be regarded as cells with non‐metastatic potential.
Reversal of Stress-Induced Social Interaction Deficits by Buprenorphine

Abstract Background Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder frequently report persistent problems with social interactions, emerging after a traumatic experience. Chronic social defeat stress is a widely used rodent model of stress that produces robust and sustained social avoidance behavior. The avoidance of other rodents can be reversed by 28 days of treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the only pharmaceutical class approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating post-traumatic stress disorder. In this study, the sensitivity of social interaction deficits evoked by 10 days of chronic social defeat stress to prospective treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder was examined. Methods The effects of acute and repeated treatment with a low dose of buprenorphine (0.25 mg/kg/d) on social interaction deficits in male C57BL/6 mice by chronic social defeat stress were studied. Another cohort of mice was used to determine the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/d), the NMDA antagonist ketamine (10 mg/kg/d), and the selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist CERC-501 (1 mg/kg/d). Changes in mRNA expression of Oprm1 and Oprk1 were assessed in a separate cohort. Results Buprenorphine significantly reversed social interaction deficits produced by chronic social defeat stress following 7 days of administration, but not after acute injection. Treatment with fluoxetine for 7 days, but not 24 hours, also reinstated social interaction behavior in mice that were susceptible to chronic social defeat. In contrast, CERC-501 and ketamine failed to reverse social avoidance. Gene expression analysis found: (1) Oprm1 mRNA expression was reduced in the hippocampus and increased in the frontal cortex of susceptible mice and (2) Oprk1 mRNA expression was reduced in the amygdala and increased in the frontal cortex of susceptible mice compared to non-stressed controls and stress-resilient mice. Conclusions Short-term treatment with buprenorphine and fluoxetine normalized social interaction after chronic social defeat stress. In concert with the changes in opioid receptor expression produced by chronic social defeat stress, we speculate that buprenorphine’s efficacy in this model of post-traumatic stress disorder may be associated with the ability of this compound to engage multiple opioid receptors.
Differential chemosensory function and receptor expression of splanchnic and pelvic colonic afferents in mice

Lumbar splanchnic (LSN) and sacral pelvic (PN) nerves convey different mechanosensory information from the colon to the spinal cord. Here we determined whether these pathways also differ in their chemosensitivity and receptor expression. Using an in vitro mouse colon preparation, individual primary afferents were tested with selective P2X and transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) receptor ligands. Afferent cell bodies in thoracolumbar and lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were retrogradely labelled from the colon and analysed for P2X3‐ and TRPV1‐like immunoreactivity (LI). Forty per cent of LSN afferents responded to α,β‐methylene adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (α,β‐meATP; 1 mm), an effect that was concentration dependent and reversed by the P2X antagonist pyridoxyl5‐phosphate 6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulphonic acid (PPADS) (100 μm). Significantly fewer PN afferents (7%) responded to α,β‐meATP. Correspondingly, 36% of colonic thoracolumbar DRG neurones exhibited P2X3‐LI compared with only 19% of colonic lumbosacral neurones. Capsaicin (3 μm) excited 61% of LSN afferents and 47% of PN afferents; 82% of thoracolumbar and 50% of lumbosacral colonic DRG neurones displayed TRPV1‐LI. Mechanically insensitive afferents were recruited by α,β‐meATP or capsaicin, and were almost exclusive to the LSN. Capsaicin‐responsive LSN afferents displayed marked mechanical desensitization after responding to capsaicin, which did not occur in capsaicin‐responsive PN afferents. Therefore, colonic LSN and PN pathways differ in their chemosensitivity to known noxious stimuli and their corresponding receptor expression. As these pathways relay information that may relate to symptoms in functional gastrointestinal disease, these results may have implications for the efficacy of therapies targeting receptor modulation.
A study of automatic annotation of PETs with articulatory features

Compared with corrective feedback related with pronunciation score, articulatory feedback (e.g., manner and place of articulation) is more informative and instructive in learning second language (L2). Hence, our previous work directly model and detect articulatory-level mispronunciation patterns to provide readable pronunciation erroneous tendencies (PETs) feedback. However, articulatory-level labeling is much more challenging than phone-level labelling, especially facing nonnative mispronunciations, which is pronounced by using irregular articulation manner and place. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed to use log posterior of articulatory features derived from trained DNN systems to provide labeling candidates to assist annotators make final decision. Experimental results show that the consistency rate of manual labels in our system increased from 80.7% to 92.48% In addition, the time cost for annotating each sentence reduced from about 10 minutes to 3 minutes. The reported result demonstrated the efficiency of our proposed method.
Variabilidade de longo-termo do transporte da Corrente do Brasil ao longo de 30º S - Um estudo numérico

vii Lista de Acrônimos . viii Índice de Figuras . x Índice de Tabelas. xii I. Introdução . 1 I.1 O Padrão de Ventos Sobre o Atlântico Sul . 5 I.2 O Giro Subtropical do Atlântico Sul e a Corrente do Brasil . 7 I.2. 1 Estrutura e Transporte da Corrente do Brasil . 11 I.3 Hipótese Científica . 16 II. Objetivo . 16 III. Materiais e Métodos . 17 III.1 Campo de vento da Reanálise I NCEP/NCAR . 17 III.1.1 Transporte Integrado de Sverdrup . 18 III.2 Descrição do modelo numérico utilizado HYCOM . 20 III.2. 1 Análise dos resultados do experimento . 23 III.2. 1.1 Dados de Satélite . 23 III.3 Cálculo do Transporte da Corrente do Brasil modelada . 24 III.4 Análises Estatísticas . 31 III.4. 1 Método dos Mínimos Quadrados . 31 III.4. 1 Correlação cruzada ou covariância cruzada normalizada . 33 III.5 Filtro Passa-Baixa . 34 IV. Resultados . 35 IV.1 Campo de Vento do NCPE/NCAR e tendências de longo-termo . 35 IV.1.1 Transporte Integrado de Sverdrup . 40 IV.2 Experimento Numérico . 42 IV.2. 1 Mapas de distribuição de TSM . 47
Design of printed bowtie dipole array antenna for rectenna application

In this paper, the design of printed bowtie dipole array antenna for rectenna application of radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is proposed. Rectenna has mainly two main components, i.e. receiver antenna and rectifier circuit. Here, the receiver antenna is intended to operate at the frequency of 1.8GHz in application of Groupe Spécial Mobile (GSM) 1800MHz signal response. Bowtie dipole array antenna is chosen as it has simple design and high gain. The antenna is simulated on an FR4 epoxy dielectric substrate with the thickness of 1.6mm. It has been investigated through parametric study to reach the required specification. From the result, it shows that the proposed antenna arranged in 4×1 bowtie dipole array antenna has accomplished the working frequency of 1.82GHz. In addition, some discussion of simulation result will mainly focused in achieving an optimum design of array antenna.
Inhalation of Low (0.5-1.5%) CO2 As a Potential Treatment for Apnea of Prematurity

Apnea of prematurity is common and none of the treatments being used are fully effective and free of significant adverse side effects. We hypothesized that low concentrations of CO2 (< or = 1.5%) may reduce apnea without causing discomfort from an increase in ventilation. We studied 10 preterm infants at a gestational age of 32+/-1 wk (mean +/- SEM) and birthweight 1.8+/-0.2 kg. After a control period of 1 hour, concentrations of CO2 were given (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) for 1 hour each, followed by a recovery period of 1 hour. Apnea number significantly decreased from 2.0+/-0.3 apneas/min during control to 1.0+/-0.1 apneas/min (0.5% CO2; P < .05), 1.1+/-0.2 (1% CO2; P < .05), and to 0.7+/-0.2 (1.5% CO2; P < .01). The apnea time significantly decreased from 14.2+/-2.5 s/min during control to 5.2+/-0.8 (0.5% CO2; P < .01), 5.8+/-0.7 (1% CO2; P < .01), and to 3.7+/-0.9 (1.5% CO2; P < .01). Minute ventilation significantly increased with CO2 without evidence of respiratory discomfort. TcPCO2 did not change and TcPO2 increased slightly. These findings suggest that inhalation of low concentrations of CO2 in preterm infants with apnea 1) decreases the number and time of apneas, 2) improves oxygenation, 3) increases ventilation, and 4) is effective even in such low concentrations as 0.5%. We speculate that inhalation of CO2 (< 1%) is more effective and safer than methylxanthines for the treatment of apnea of prematurity.
ZeNA: Zero-Aware Neural Network Accelerator

<italic>Editor’s note:</italic> It has been observed that the majority of the kernel weights and input activations in the state-of-the-art convolution neural networks (CNNs) have zero values. This article proposes a CNN hardware accelerator that exploits this property to achieve significant performance and energy improvements. <italic>—Mustafa Ozdal, Bilkent University</italic>