Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The economies within an online social network market : A case study of Ravelry

The capacity of the internet to handle micro-transactions and to cater to niche markets is a boon for some areas of the creative industries, which have always been associated with smallscale micro business activities. This paper looks at the specific case of the specialist Social Networking Site Ravelry: a site for knitters, crocheters, spinners and dyers. It traces the interactions between amateurs and professionals through the emergence of social networking sites. An analytic framework of social network markets (see Potts, Cunningham, Hartley and Omerod, 2008) is employed to allow for the inclusion of amateur, social, semi-professional,professional and institutional actors within a networked sphere of activity, rather than excluding some of these actors as outside of recognised value-production. The reliance on social networks to determine the economic success of design, production and consumption is exemplified in this small scale example. This paper eschews the dichotomy of commercial and non-commercial by bringing to the fore the hybridity of this site where financial and social economies co-exist.
Organizational trust : a reader

1. Introduction: Why Trust, Why Now? FOUNDATIONS FOR ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST THEORY 2. The Street-Level Epistemology of Trust 3. Calculativeness, Trust, and Economic Organization 4. An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust TRUST DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE 5. Initial Trust Fromation in New Organizational Relationships 6. Managers as Initiators of Trust: An Exchange Relationship Framework for Understanding Managerial Trustworthy Behavior 7. The Emergence of Exchange Structures: An Experimental Study of Uncertainty, Commitment, and Trust BASES AND BENEFITS OF ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST 8. The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs and Improving Performance: Empirical Evidence from the United States, Japan, and Korea 9. Kinds of Third-Party Effects on Trust 10. Does Trust Improve Business Performance? FRAGILITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST 11. Explaining the Limited Effectiveness of Legalistic 'Remedies' for Trust/Distrust 12. Turst and Breach of the Psychological Contract 13. Paranoia and Self-Consciousness ORGANIZATIOANL TRUST IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS 14. Secrecy, Trust, and Dangerous Leisure: Generating Group Cohesion in Vonultary Organizations 15. Swift Trust in Temporary Groups 16. Trust, Power, and Control in Trans-organizational Relations
Viscoelasticity from a microscopic model of dislocation dynamics

Physics Department,Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244(February 1, 2008)It is shown that the dynamics of a two-dimensional crystal with a ﬁnite concentration of dislo-cations, as well as vacancy and interstitial defects, is governed by the hydrodynamic equations ofa viscoelastic medium. At the longest length scales the viscoelasticity is described by the simplestMaxwellmodel, whose shear and compressional relaxation times are obtained in terms of microscopicquantities, including the density of free dislocations. At short length scales, bond orientational ordereﬀects become important and lead to wavevector dependent corrections to the relaxation times.83. 60.Bc,62.20. FeI. INTRODUCTION
Image Manifold Learning Algorithm 4 . 1 Inferring Distances Matrix In Semantic Space From User Interaction

Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is used to identify relevant images based on their similarities to query images. This paper presents a novel framework for accurate image retrieval using three image features i.e. color, texture and shape. We use Color Histogram, Color Moment & Color Coherence methods for Color feature extraction. Texture is extracted using Tamura Feature. Corner detection is used for shape feature extraction. In this paper, we formulate two algorithms as Euclidean algorithm for linear structure & Image manifold algorithm for non-linear structure. Under the assumption that the data lie on a submanifold embedded in a high dimensional Euclidean space, we propose a relevance feedback scheme which is conducted only on the image manifold in question rather than the total ambient space. We then develop an algorithmic framework to approximate the optimal mapping function by a Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network. We name the new algorithm as Image Manifold Learning (IML). Experimental results show that our approach is effective in improving the performance of content-based image retrieval systems.
Effect of Total Abdominal Hysterectomy on Pelvic Floor Function

Historically, hysterectomy is one of the oldest gynecologic operations, dating back to the 1840s. Currently, it is the most common gynecologic operation performed and is associated with marked improvement in the patients’ quality of life. It is widely considered a safe procedure with an extremely low mortality rate (<0.1%). The majority of hysterectomies are done abdominally, with the vast majority being total abdominal hysterectomies. The effect of hysterectomy on pelvic floor function has been a subject of long debate. Various studies have reached different and rather contradictory results. Most of these studies lack stringent methodologic standards, being retrospective, observational, or uncontrolled. A recent excellent study assessed the effect of abdominal hysterectomy on pelvic floor function as 1 functional unit and concluded that both total and subtotal abdominal hysterectomies have no detrimental effect on the pelvic floor function up to 1 year postoperatively. Target Audience Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning objectives After completion of this article, the reader should be able to outline the potential long-term complications of hysterectomy, to describe the autonomic innervation of the pelvic organs, and to summarize the various studies evaluating long-term complications of hysterectomy.
Stability of switched systems with time-varying delays: delay-dependent common Lyapunov functional approach

By using a descriptor system approach and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, we investigate the problem of delay-dependent common Lyapunov functions (DCLFs) for switched linear systems with mode-dependent delays. The main contribution of this paper is that we establish the relationship between the delay-dependent common Lyapunov functions for switched delay systems and the well-known common Lyapunov functions (CLFs) for the corresponding systems without delays
Foot-and-mouth disease in man.

In all five subjects studied the mean half relaxation time increased after intravenous glucose administration and decreased after intravenous insulin administration. The increase during the glucose-tolerance test was slow and lagged considerably behind the peak of blood glucose concentration, while the decrease during the insulin-tolerance test was fast and coincided with the drop in blood glucose. This difference in the time relation between blood glucose concentration and half relaxation time in the two tests makes a direct effect of blood glucose on the half relaxation time unlikely. There seems more likely to be an indirect effect, mediated perhaps through a carbohydrate-regulating hormone like adrenaline, growth hormone, or cortisol. The absence of a decrease of the half relaxation time after simultaneous administration of insulin and propranolol suggests that the changes of blood glucose influence the half relaxation time by intermediary of the adrenaline system. Whether the changes of the Achilles tendon reflexogram in thyroid disorders and in diabetes mellitus are related to the adrenaline system requires further investigation.
Evaluating Layoff Techniques: A Policy-Capturing Study of Voluntary Versus Involuntary Layoffs

An organization can adopt one of two implementation techniques to execute layoffs. Through involuntary layoffs, management can unilaterally select which employees to layoff. Alternatively, through voluntary layoffs, employees can self-select through volunteering for a layoff. A model from the turnover realm was adapted and applied to assess antecedents of the layoff decision for both implementation techniques. Antecedents included work related variables (job performance, salary, job satisfaction, stress, organizational commitment, severance packages) and non-work related variables (age, education, tenure, gender, family size). A policy-capturing approach compared voluntary versus involuntary layoffs. Management and employee dyads assessed employee profiles and judged the layoff decision for each profile. Given the exploratory nature of this research, subject matter experts (SMEs) assessed 388 profiles to validate the model. Semi-structured interviews with SMEs provided improvements adopted for the field study. The field study involved managers and employees from three companies evaluating 976 employee profiles to determine the likelihood for voluntary or involuntary layoffs. Logit regression analysis provided the significance, strength and direction of influence for each antecedent on the layoff decision. The results provide evidence that job performance, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negatively correlated relationship with both layoff implementation techniques. Slightly more than half (56.35%) of employees had the same stay or leave decision during voluntary versus involuntary layoffs. The residual (43.65%) represent mismatches that are a result of different influence and interpretation of the remaining layoff antecedents. This thesis provides evidence that voluntary and involuntary layoff implementation techniques result in a different mix of employees leaving the organization. From a policy perspective, recommendations on how to minimize mismatch are provided. From a theory perspective, a closer bridge between layoff and turnover research is proposed. This thesis also suggests that layoffs should be assessed based on the voluntary-involuntary divide in future research.
Antifungal effects of essential oils from oregano and fennel on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Aims: The antifungal effects of essential oils of oregano (Origanum syriacum var. bevanii) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) were evaluated against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Effects of the essential oils on morphological structures of hyphae and sclerotia were studied under light and scanning electron microscopes (SEM).
HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scores and Perceptions of Risk among African American Students Attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Objective. African American young adults are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic and often unaware of their personal risk for HIV. Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) enroll 25% of college-educated African American young adults and can play an important role in HIV prevention. We examined HIV/AIDS knowledge of students at HBCUs to inform and strengthen our HIV prevention efforts at HBCUs. Methods. African American undergraduate HBCU students completed online surveys assessing HIV/AIDS knowledge and behaviors, and we analyzed data to assess their knowledge and behaviors. Results. A total of 1,051 of 1,230 surveys completed (85.4%) were analyzable. Eighty-two percent of students had average/high HIV knowledge scores. Seventy-nine percent of students surveyed perceived themselves to be at low risk for HIV infection; 64% of those who had at least two or more sex partners had not used a condom at last sex encounter. In the final model, significant independent effects were identified for average/high knowledge of HIV risk, including agreeing with assessing a potential partner's HIV risk by all of the five actions listed (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7, 4.3) and never using a needle to inject drugs (AOR=5.6, 95% CI 3.2, 9.7). Conclusions. Educating students about effectively assessing sex partner risk will improve HIV knowledge and prevention efforts at HBCUs.
The Role of Packaging Supply Chain in Food Packaging Safety Assurance

The article is devoted to the issue of maintaining food packaging safety across its supply chain. It is essential to assure the safety of packaging, which is possible only by implementation and maintenance of specific safety assurance systems and standards used in the food industry. Food packaging enterprises are obliged to carry out activities and provide appropriate conditions to assure the safety of packaging materials and packaging intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. The article presents the results of research, conducted among packaging supply chain enterprises, on the level of compliance with the requirements.
The Future of Sustainability Reporting as a Regulatory Mechanism

Sustainability reporting is now a mainstream activity among large, global corporations. The majority of the largest corporations in the United States now produce sustainability reports, and several European countries either mandate corporations to produce some form of sustainability reports or are in serious consideration of such legislation. Although leading standards such as the Global Reporting Initiative have made significant advancements in setting out the types of information that corporations should publicly disclose, mandatory sustainability reports will not work as an effective policy mechanism unless they are placed in a system that can effectively utilize the information and cause corporations to change their policies and practices. This brief essay provides an overview of the current sustainability reporting industry, and sets out some potential breakdown points and possible future developments.
A BAYESIAN FUNCTIONAL LINEAR COX REGRESSION MODEL (BFLCRM) FOR PREDICTING TIME TO CONVERSION TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE∗

The aim of this paper is to develop a Bayesian functional linear Cox regression model (BFLCRM) with both functional and scalar covariates. This new development is motivated by establishing the likelihood of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in 346 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) enrolled in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 (ADNI1) and the optimal early markers of conversion. These 346 MCI patients were followed over 48 months, with 161 MCI participants progressing to AD at 48 months. The functional linear Cox regression model was used to establish that functional covariates including hippocampus surface morphology and scalar covariates including brain MRI volumes, cognitive performance (ADAS-Cog), and APOE status can accurately predict the conversion time to AD. Posterior computation proceeds via an efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. A simulation study is performed to evaluate the finite sample performance of BFLCRM.
Essentials of Business Information Systems

Part I: Information Systems in the Digital Age 1. Business Information Systems in Your Career 2. E-Business: How Businesses Use Information Systems 3. Achieving Competitive Advantage With Information Systems Part II: Information Technology Infrastructure 4. IT Infrastructure: Hardware and Software 5. Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management 6. Telecommunications, the Internet and Wireless Technology 7. Securing Information Systems Part III: Key System Applications for the Digital Age 8. Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy: Enterprise Applications 9. E-Commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods 10. Improving Decision Making and Managing Knowledge Part IV: Building and Managing Systems 11. Building Information Systems 12. Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems
Leaving neverland: a randomized trial for coarctation shows pediatric interventional cardiology is growing up.

Coarctation of the aorta is commonly considered a relatively simple form of congenital heart disease. On the basis of early knowledge of the significant mortality associated with unrepaired coarctation, surgical therapy was first developed and performed in the mid-1940s.1–3 In many ways, the seemingly simple problem of pediatric coarctation has lent itself to a myriad of treatment strategies, including transcatheter intervention. The community of pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons, faced with these broad options, has failed to reach consensus about optimal management. Even 12 years after publishing the early results of a randomized trial comparing angioplasty with surgery in the treatment of children with coarctation, Cowley and colleagues continue to acknowledge the ongoing and active controversy surrounding the topic.4,5 See p 3453 In this issue of Circulation , Cowley and colleagues present the long-term results of this trial, with a relatively small number of patients and incomplete follow-up. Using a composite outcome that comprises reinterventions …
Fanconi syndrome and acute renal failure in a patient treated with tenofovir: a call for caution.

Case 1 In September 2001, a 32-year-old heterosexual woman had been contemporarily diagnosed as having cryptococcal meningitis and HIV infection. Her CD4 cell count was 17 cells/ l and her HIV-RNA level was 375 000 copies/ml. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was negative. She was treated with a 21-day course of liposomal amphotericin B (3 mg/kg a day); thereafter, she started both fluconazole secondary prophylaxis against cryptococcal infection and antiretroviral therapy with HAART (nelfinavir, zidovudine and lamivudine). The cryptococcal antigen titre dropped to 1 : 1 both in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from an initial value of 1 : 4096 and 1 : 1024 in blood and CSF, respectively. Seven months later (CD4 cell count 220 cells/ l; HIV-RNA level , 40 copies/ ml) she complained of fever, vomiting, and headache. On admission, brain MRI disclosed multiple cortical masses and a diffuse meningeal enhancement (Fig. 1a). CSF analysis showed 50 cells/ l, a protein content of 85 mg/dl, and a glucose level of 45 mg/dl.
A novel Local BP Neural Network model and application in parameter identification of power system

The traditional mathematical modeling is nonrepresentational and it is hard for understanding. In oder to model the real system in a intuitive method, a novel Local BP Neural Network (LBPNN) model has been proposed to imitate arbitrary feed-forward topologies of networks and the weights' training algorithm-constrained stochastic gradient descent (CSGD) is also introduced in this paper. The network model could be used to approach functions which could improve the training speed and reduce the training complexity. With the LBPNN model and the CSGD training algorithm, network's parameter of weight could be identified within constrains. The training algorithm's robustness and effectiveness are verified in the LBPNN. Finally, the LBPNN model is used to map the fuzzy petri net(FPN) of a power system and the parameters of weights in the FPN are identified by training the LBPNN model with the CSGD algorithm.
10 kV SiC BJTs — Static, switching and reliability characteristics

Open-base breakdown voltages as high as 10.5 kV (91% of theoretical avalanche limit and 125 V/μm), on-resistance of 110 mΩ-cm2 close to the unipolar limit of 94 mΩ-cm2, and current gain as high as 75 are measured on 10 kV-class SiC BJTs. Monolithic Darlington-connected BJTs fabricated on the same wafer yield current gains as high as 3400, and show Si BJT-like output characteristics with a differential on-resistance as low as 44 mΩ-cm2 in the saturation region and a distinct quasi-saturation region. Switching measurements performed at a DC link voltage of 5 kV and collector current of 8 A feature a collector current rise time as low as 30 ns during turn-on and collector voltage recovery time as low as 100 ns during turn-off. Very low turn-on and turn-off switching energies of 4.2 mJ and 1.6 mJ, respectively, are extracted from the switching transients, which are 19 and 25 times smaller than the corresponding switching energies reported on 6.5 kV Si IGBTs. When turnedon to a short-circuited load at a collector bias of 4500 V, the 10 kV BJT shows a temperature-invariant, withstand time in excess of 20 μs. Leakage currents <; 1μA (system limit) are measured, even after 234 hours of operation under a DC collector bias of 5000 V at elevated temperatures.
Differences in microparticle release in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina.

BACKGROUND Microparticles (MP) are vesicles released from activated or apoptotic cells. Endothelial MP (EMP) are derived from injured endothelium, platelet MP (PMP) from activated platelets, and Annexin V positive MP (AMP) from apoptotic endothelial cells. The aim was to assess the release of MP and its association with inflammation and atherosclerotic burden. METHODS AND RESULTS AMP, EMP and PMP were measured on admission (Day 0) in 33 patients with stable angina (SA) and 43 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). In SA, peripheral artery disease (PAD) was assessed by ultrasound examination. In 30 of the 76 patients (20 ACS and 10 SA), MP, high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and troponin T (TnT) levels were also assessed 24h (Day 1) and 48 h (Day 2) after PCI. AMP, EMP, and PMP were higher in ACS than in SA (all P<0.01). In the SA group, AMP, PMP, and EMP were similar in patients with or without PAD. In the ACS group, AMP increased until Day 2 (P=0.001), while EMP and PMP peaked on Day 1 (P<0.01) then decreased to baseline values. Day 2 AMP correlated with Day 2 TnT levels (r=0.43, P=0.01) while Day 1 EMP and PMP correlated with Day 1 hs-CRP (r=0.37, P=0.04 and r=0.33, P=0.05; respectively). CONCLUSIONS Higher MP levels were observed in ACS than in SA. Atherosclerotic burden did not affect MP levels in stable patients.
Effects of cranial and facial hair on perceptions of age and person.

WHEN SEEING SOMEONE FOR THE FIRST TIME, individuals often make numerous inferences about the person's personality and character (e.g., Goldstein, Chance, & Gilbert, 1984; Klatzky, Martin, & Kane, 1982). Given that people fonn impressions from faces, a question that follows is: Which facial cues are responsible? This study was an investigation of the effects of two specific physical features of male faces-cranial and facial hair-on such impressions. Particular interest was focused on whether the quantity of cranial and facial hair affects perceptions of age. As men grow older, the distribution pattern of hair on the head changes, they acquire the capacity to grow beards, and many experience hair loss caused by male-pattern baldness. Thus, we expected faces with less cranial hair and with beards to appear older than those with more cranial hair and without beards. Effects of hair were also investigated with regard to three central dimensions: attractiveness, intelligence, and sociableness (Berscheid & Waister, 1978; Fiske & Cox, 1979; Rosenberg, Nelson, & Vivekananthan, 1968). Twenty-nine female and 19 male undergraduates from the University of Richmond participated. Faces were constructed from the feature variants available in the Mac-a-Mug Pro identification kit, a computer-assisted composite system containing a large library of digitized photographs of facial features. Sixteen base faces were first constructed by randomly selecting variants of four features: eyes, ears, nose, and mouth. Two experimenters independently classified the cranial variants into two sets based on quantity.