Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The State of Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education Institutions of Africa

The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed insight about the common practices of entrepreneurship education curriculum contents and pedagogy in Africa by adopting systematic literature review (SLR). SLR was chosen to help the review of the literature transparent and unbiased. Accordingly, 30 articles and conference papers whose primary research objectives were investigating entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship education curriculum and related fields in Africa and published in different journals were reviewed under three themes, i.e. teaching about entrepreneurship, teaching for and through entrepreneurship. The result of the review revealed that entrepreneurship education in Africa seems traditional, indifferent from other general management study courses and the pedagogy is teacher-centered, which implies, predominantly focus on teaching “about “entrepreneurship, which is ineffective.
N 94-22808 Theoretical and Simulated Performance for a Novel Frequenc ) Estimation Technique

A low complexity, open-loop, discrete-time, delaymultiply-average (DMA) technique for estimating the frequency offset for digitally modulated MPSK signals is investigated. A nonlinearity is used to remove the MPSK modulation and generate the carrier component to be extracted. Theoretical and simulated performance results are presented and compared to the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the variance of the frequency estimation error. For ,all signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) above threshold, it is shown that the CRLB can essentially be achieved with linear complexity.
IDENTIFICATION OF GENES AND GENE PRODUCTS

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a very common pregnancy complication in humans. Approximately 3-10 percent, depending on the diagnosis criteria and the population of study, of pregnancies are affected by preeclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a progressive multisystem disorder and a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. It has been called a “disease of theories”, reflecting the confusion that surrounds the causes and pathophysiology of PE. Symptoms of PE are maternal hypertension and proteinuria and oedemas. PE is characterized by a state of generalized, maternal endothelial dysfunction.
Complex systems approach to the emergence of language

In this paper we illustrate a statistical physics approach to problem of the emergence of language. In this perspective language is seen as an evolving and self-organizing system, whose components are continuously shaped and (ri)-shaped through the interactions among the individuals of a population. We illustrate several examples corresponding to the early stages of the emergence of a language, namely the emergence of a common lexicon and the emergence of a shared set of linguistics categories. We also discuss an experimental framework related to the World Wide Web where new lexicons and new conventions are emerging trough the collective activity of millions of users. Finally we highlight the potential of such an approach in the interdisciplinary effort to understand the origin of linguistic structures. Corresponding author: vittorio.loreto@roma1.infn. it
Management of Textual Data at Conceptual Level

The article presents the approach to the management of a large repository of documents at conceptual level. We describe our approach to representing Wikipedia articles using their categories. The representation has been used to construct groups of similar articles. Proposed approach has been implemented in prototype system that allows to organize articles that are search results for a given query. Constructed clusters allow to show directions in which user may continue the retrieval process to narrow search results.
DIGITAL WATERMARKING SCHEME FOR COPYRIGHT PROTECTION AND TAMPERING DETECTION

Digital watermarking scheme is a common way for protecting copyright or verifying integrity for digital images. The working domain of the watermark is either spatial or frequency. Recently, some researches tried to work on another domain which is derived from matrix factorization. Depending on the purpose, either robust or fragile watermark is embedded into the host image. The aim of the proposed scheme in this paper is to embed robust and fragile watermark into the host image at the same time, so that the proposed scheme can possess dual functions: one is copyright protection, and the other is tampering detection. Finally, we provide some experiments to show the performance of the proposed scheme.
Signalling with Endogenous Private Information

We propose a simple and intuitive way to transform canonical signalling games with exogenous types into games in which the informed agent endogenously generates her private information through an unobservable costly effort decision, before attempting to signal this effort. By adapting the seminal set-up of Mailath (1987) and employing the recent equilibrium refinement for such games, Reordering Invariance, we provide portable results on the differentiability of action functions and existence of equilibrium. We then apply these results to classic models of security design and the job market to demonstrate the practical usefulness of endogenous effort. In particular, our approach in these applications lends theoretical support to stylised facts that cannot be derived from the standard signalling framework.
Getting Started With PBL—A Reflection

In this paper, we provide insight into the PBL project called PoLiMINT (Problem-oriented Learning in MINT). The project is located at the Bremen University of Applied Sciences and aims to introduce and foster PBL in the introductory phase of a physics study program. Concerning our general conditions, we will present our incremental implementation strategy and address the first elementary steps. In order to demonstrate our Scholarship of Teaching and Learning mode of reflecting the implementation process, we examine selected instructional and pedagogical difficulties and our problem-solving more closely.
Differentially-Clutched Series Elastic Actuator for Robot-Aided Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

Series elastic actuators have proven to be an elegant response to the issue of safety around human-robot interaction. The compliant nature of series elastic actuators provides the potential to be applied in robot-aided rehabilitation for patients with upper and lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. This paper proposes a new series elastic actuator to be used in robot-aided musculoskeletal rehabilitation. The actuator is composed of a DC motor, a torsion spring, and a magnetic particle brake coupled to one common output shaft through a differential gear. The proposed topology focuses on three types of actuation modes most commonly used in rehabilitation, i.e., free motion, elastic, and assistive/resistive motion. A dynamic model of the actuator is presented and validated experimentally and the ability of the actuator to follow a reference torque is shown in different experimental scenarios.
A genome-based database for agricultural biotechnology

The National Agricultural Biotechnology Information Center (NABIC) plays a leading role in maintaining a database of information for agricultural plants and microbes. Since 2002, the NABIC has constructed an agricultural biology-based computational infrastructure and has provided comprehensive agricultural biological research information in Korea. Its major functions are focused on developing bioinformatics tools for investigating agricultural genomes and providing a database that integrates information from multiple plants and microbes. This new genome-based database provides useful information through a user-friendly web interface that allows analysis of genome infrastructure and searching of various resources. Key words: Genome-based, database, biotechnology, web service.
A FULLY ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM FOR PDE-CONSTRAINED OPTIMAL CONTROLWITH ANDWITHOUT UNCERTAINTY , PART 1 : AN INEXACT TRUST-REGION ALGORITHM AND THE DETERMINISTIC CASE ∗

The purpose of this and a second paper is to develop and study an adaptive algorithm for the numerical solution of a class of optimal control problems, first for a deterministic semilinear state equation and then for a state equation with uncertain parameters. This paper investigates an adaptive inexact trust-region algorithm for minimizing a continuously differentiable function on a closed convex set in a Hilbert space. It allows for inexact objective function and gradient evaluations as well as an inexactly computed criticality measure. The global convergence of the method is proved and the implementation of the algorithm is discussed. The method is applied to the reduced version of a deterministic optimal control problem governed by a semilinear elliptic partial differential equation. A posteriori error estimators for the state and the adjoint equation are developed and it is shown how they can be used to control the adaptive discretization such that all error bounds required by the algorithm are satisfied. The investigations of this paper are carried out in a way that make them extendible to optimal control problems under uncertainty. Numerical experiments illustrate the adaptive behavior of the method.
Designing and Comparison of Two Types of Chitosan Nanogels for Doxorubicine Delivery

1Ph.D. , Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 3Associate Professor, Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 4Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
A Successful Subfield Lattice Attack on a Fully Homomorphic Encryption Scheme

We present the application of a known subfield lattice attack on a fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on NTRU. We show that the scheme is vulnerable to the attack due to a particular parameter having to satisfy a derived lower bound. We also show that, due to the structure of the scheme, the attack is successful in all practical instantiations of the scheme.
ATRIBUTE ŞI METRICI ASOCIATE PENTRU EVALUAREA CALITĂŢII SERVICIILOR CLOUD COMPUTING

The assessment of cloud services and cloud service providers is a complex issue, mainly due to the large and growing number of cloud providers, the level of quality and pricing of the services they provide. Based on the services cloud evaluation, a user will be able to select from the set of cloud providers the one that best meets their requirements. The article analyzes the attributes of the Service Measurement Index (SMI) and performs a classification of attributes in quantitative and qualitative attributes. Next, the attributes assessed in the Service Level Agreement (SLA) are presented according to the cloud type: Software as a Service (SaaS), Infrastructure as a Service IaaS) and platform as a service (PaaS). Finally, the calculation of the main quantitative attributes of cloud services is formalized.
Further records of Pseudoacanthocephalus cf . bufonis ( Acanthocephala : Echinorhynchidae ) infecting anurans in the Ryukyu Islands , southern Japan

Echinorhynchid acanthocephalans, reported as Pseudoacanthocephalus cf. bufonis in this paper, were found in the small intestine of Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Rhacophoridae) on Okinawajima Island and Bufo gargarizans miyakonis Okada, 1931 (Bufonidae) on Miyako-jima Island, the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. This acanthocephalan species was previously reported as P. bufonis (Shipley, 1903) in Japan. The known anuran hosts and collection localities of P. cf. bufonis in the Ryukyu Islands are listed. A comment is also made on the previous identification of P. bufonis found in Hokkaido, northern Japan.
eExports, Imports, and Economic Growth in Liberia: Evidence from Causality and Cointegration Analysis

This paper revisits the highly debated export-led growth hypothesis in a number of different ways using Liberia as a case study. First, the hypothesis is tested in terms of how exports can affect or be affected by GDP growth. Considering the impact of imports on GDP serves a similar purpose. This paper investigates the Granger-Causality between exports, Imports, and Economic growth in Liberia over the period 1970 – 2011. The role of the import variable in the investigation of exports and output causality is emphasized, enabling one to test for the cases of direct causality, indirect causality, and spurious causality between export growth and output growth.
A Novel WLAN Receiver Performance in Highly Dispersive and Nonlinear Environment

An efficient, adaptive and intelligent transmission–reception system, which will take care of challenging fading multipath problems in real case scenario, is always needed in digital communications. This paper presents a novel, neural based method to improve performance of WLAN receiver in presence of nonlinear distortions introduced by high power amplifiers, Doppler effect, delay spread and many other fading multipath problems.
Plant Growth Regulators and their Role in Stress Tolerance

Abiotic and biotic stresses affect the growth and yield adversely in agronomicaly important crop plants. Management through avoidance is not possible in plants hence these have developed various kinds of signaling processes that activate/recruit plant growth regulator molecules that are capable of protecting against stress. Major growth regulators include phytohormones, simple ions like Ca or various non hormonal molecules. These growth regulators initiate/activate a cascade of events either on their own or by evolving a cross-talk within them that finally recruits various transcription factors those in turn activate or suppress a variety of genes. Accumulation of these gene products or their removal trigger activation of various protectant molecules which may include chaperons, osmolytes, gases, ions or other molecules capable of protecting cell constituents. In the present review, we have tried to bring out the recent advances towards the mechanisms of hormonal regulators such as ethylene, auxin, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, abscissic acid, brassinosteroids, non hormonal regulators like polyamine and salicylic acid and developmental regulators such as heat shock proteins, protein kinases, miRNA, histones and various other genes that are involved in plant stress management. With the advent of modern tools of recombinant DNA technology it could be possible to manipulate these regulators or its associated molecules in developing transgenic varieties that are resistant to stress. This will not only help in reducing losses in agricultural crops but also protect and save elite germplasm when conditions are not conducive. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ProFuN TG : A Tool for Programming and Managing Dependable Sensor Network Applications

Sensor network macroprogramming methodologies such as the Abstract Task Graph (ATaG) hold the promise of enabling high-level sensor network application development. However, progress in this area is hampered by the scarcity of tools, and also because of insufficient focus on development support for dependable application programming. We present ProFuN TG (Task Graph), a tool for designing sensor network applications using task graphs. ProFuN TG provides automated task mapping, sensor node firmware macrocompilation, application simulation, deployment, and runtime maintenance. It also allows users to incorporate quality-of-service requirements in the applications, expressed through constraints on task-to-task data flows. For the design stage, we show how ProFuN TG can be used to efficiently and optimally map tasks on networks while satisfying user-defined constraints. For runtime, we provide an efficient flooding-based protocol to set up tasks in the network, and a middleware that continuously checks whether the conditions of the constraints are satisfied and requests task remapping on failure.
Automatic Segmentation and Classification of Brain Tumor using Machine Learning Techniques

In the field of Medicine, especially in the applications that are used for diagnosis purpose, detecting a fault is a major task and needs lots of attention of the radiologist. Early defect detection is necessary to avoid the further complications. The most actively developing field in the recent technology is the MRI scanning. The size of the tumor in brain can vary differently for different patients along with the minute details of the tumor, It is a complicated and tedious job for the radiologists to diagnose and classify the tumor from a large number of images. Sometimes, cerebral fluid also seems to be seen as a mass of tissue in the MRI image. The project aims to have an automated system which plays a important role in assessing whether a lump (mass of tissue) in the brain could be benign (clump thickness) or malignant (marginal adhesion) by classification. The proposed model uses machine learning algorithms in order to improve the accuracy of classification. The system is carried out in four steps that includes pre-processing for noise removal using adaptive median filter, segmentation using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) for finding the region of interest, feature extraction using Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix GLCM for extracting the features of different types of tumors and classification using Neural Networks (NN) to determine and classify the tumor as benign or malignant. The experimental results of the proposed model shows that 93.33% accuracy, 96.6% specificity, 93.33% sensitivity and precision with 94.44%. From these results the proposed model works better when compared with the classical machine learning algorithms like Adaboost (Adaptive Boosting) which classifies the image into different classes (Normal, Benign, Malignant) with 89.90% accuracy.
A G ] 1 2 A pr 2 01 6 On Riemann surfaces of genus g with 4 g automorphisms

We determine, for all genus g ≥ 2 the Riemann surfaces of genus g with 4g automorphisms. For g 6= 3, 6, 12, 15 or 30, this surfaces form a real Riemann surface Fg in the moduli space Mg: the Riemann sphere with three punctures. The set of real Riemann surfaces in Fg consists of three intervals its closure in the Deligne-Mumford compactification of Mg is a closed Jordan curve. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 30F10; Secondary 14H15, 30F60.
Effective Use of Facebook in Improving English Communication Skills: Conceptual Paper

Learning English is a great challenge for EFL students. The advancement and innovation of educational technology such as using Facebook would offer new opportunities for the teaching and learning of languages. Therefore, it is important to assist students to learn the English language effectively through using technological tools. Facebook is an educational tool to improve students’ oral and written communication skills as it allows students to reflect on their own thoughts and attitudes. It is a review aims to show how Facebook as an innovative teaching method can develop students’ oral and written communication skills, In addition, this paper aims to evaluate the challenges and problems of this instructional perspective. It was concluded that the learners were in favour of using Facebook’ potential for improving English language proficiency. However, there are obstacles for Facebook use such as wasting of students' time and absence of the actual and direct communication and students' distraction by Facebook's other features
A Plug-In Component-based Korean Morphological Analyzer

지식/정보 서비스의 수준이 급격히 발전함에 따라 기반 기술인 자연언어처리의 중요성이 증가했고, 또 여 러 분야에서 다양한 목적에 부합하는 자연언어처리 도구를 필요로 하고 있다. 한국어 자연언어처리 기반 기술 중에서 형태소 분석은 기초적이면서도 중요한 분석 단계이다. 하지만 현재까지 개발된 한국어 형태 소 분석기들은 대부분 특정 시스템에 맞게 최적화되어 실행 효율성과 정확성을 높이는데 중점을 두고 있 다. 이러한 도구들은 접근성과 확장성이 떨어지고 다양한 요구에 유연하게 대처할 수 없는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 플러그인 형태의 한국어 형태소 분석 컴포넌트들을 이용하여 유연하게 워크플로를 구성하고 다양한 목적에 맞게 활용할 수 있도록 지원하는 한국어 형태소 분석 시스템을 제안한다. 이번 연구를 통해서 보다 많은 사람들이 형태소 분석 기술에 쉽게 접근하고 활용하여, 한국어 분석 기반 기술 및 용용 기술이 더욱 발전 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
In 0 . 53 Ga 0 . 47 As / GaAs 0 . 5 Sb 0 . 5 Quantum-Well Tunnel-FETs With Tunable Backward Diode Characteristics

Vertical quantum-well (QW) tunnel-FETs are fabricated based on an ultrathin In0.53Ga0. 47As/GaAs0.5Sb0.5 staggered gap (type-II) heterostructure lattice matched to InP. Area-dependent QW-to-QW tunneling current is demonstrated. Devices with HfO2 high-k gate dielectric (EOT ∼ 1.3 nm) exhibit minimum subthreshold swings of 140 mV/decade at 300 K, with an ON-current density of 0.5 μA/μm2 at VDD = 0.5 V. Sharp negative differential resistance is observed in the output characteristics. For the first time, gate-tunable backward diode characteristics are demonstrated in this material system, with peak curvature coefficient of 30 V−1 near VDS = 0 V. These results show the potential of vertical TFETs in hybrid IC applications.
Understanding Interaction Design Challenges in Mobile Extreme Citizen Science

ABSTRACT Extreme citizen science is a bottom up practice used to empower people by supporting them, via processes and technological tools, to find solutions for local problems, but also to tackle major sustainability challenges of the 21st century. Methods and tools based on mobile computing have been utilized by communities in various parts of the world, from the Congo Basin through the Amazonian rain forest. However, extreme citizen science initiatives often face severe challenges as pre-designed technological solutions prove to be non-transferable to peculiar environments of rural developing regions. In this paper we collect and investigate evidence from the implementation of various extreme citizen science initiatives in the developing world. Our aim is to identify key obstacles towards their successful realization, mainly focusing on the problem of user interaction with mobile computing solutions. We conduct interviews with nine experienced researchers who all performed extensive fieldwork within these initiatives, and who reflect on the technology interaction, knowledge organization, inter-cultural, social and usability issues. Based on our analysis we report among others, symptomatic difficulties with abstractions, representational hierarchies, and navigation commands, as well as potential improvements that mobile technology developers can implement in order to create a more inclusive environment for extreme citizen science.