Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Presence of Different Animal Species within Processed Meat and Meat Products using PCR Procedures and Development of Risk Models Based on Consumer Health

Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Investigation of the Presence of Different Animal Species within Processed Meat and Meat Products using PCR Procedures and Development of Risk Models based on Consumer Health By Harun Cerit & Ayse Z. Aroguz Istanbul University
DYNAMICS OF OXIDATIVE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

INTRODUCTION : Studies have established oxidative disorders in persistent and permanent atrial fibril- lation. Our aim was to investigate oxidative status still in the early hours of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and monitor its changes after sinus rhythm (SR) restoration. MATERIAL AND METHODS : Levels of malondialdehyde and total glutathione were determined in plas- ma (Pl-MDA; Pl-GSH) and erythrocytes (Er-MDA; Er-GSH) together with erythrocyte glutathione perox- idase activity (GSH-Px) in 51 patients (59.84±1.6 years, 26 males). Markers were investigated upon hospi- tal admission, 24 hours and 28 days after SR restoration. They were also determined in 52 healthy subjects (59.50±1.46 years, 26 males). RESULTS : Mean AF duration prior to hospitalization was 8.14±0.76 hours. Upon admission, Pl-MDA and Er-MDA were significantly increased (p 0.05).
A first sketch: Construction of model defect priors inspired by dynamic time warping

Model defects are known to cause biased nuclear data evaluations if they are not taken into account in the evaluation procedure. We suggest a method to construct prior distributions for model defects for reaction models using neighboring isotopes of 56Fe as an example. A model defect is usually a function of energy and describes the difference between the model prediction and the truth. Of course, neither the truth nor the model defect are accessible. A Gaussian process (GP) enables to define a probability distribution on possible shapes of a model defect by referring to intuitively understandable concepts such as smoothness and the expected magnitude of the defect. Standard specifications of GPs impose a typical length-scale and amplitude valid for the whole energy range, which is often not justified, e.g., when the model covers both the resonance and statistical range. In this contribution, we show how a GP with energy-dependent length-scales and amplitudes can be constructed from available experimental data. The proposed construction is inspired by a technique called dynamic time warping used, e.g., for speech recognition. We demonstrate the feasibility of the data-driven determination of model defects by inferring a model defect of the nuclear models code TALYS for (n,p) reactions of isotopes with charge number between 20 and 30. The newly introduced GP parametrization besides its potential to improve evaluations for reactor relevant isotopes, such as 56Fe, may also help to better understand the performance of nuclear models in the future.
A semianalytical three‐dimensional process‐based model for hyporheic nitrogen dynamics in gravel bed rivers

We present a three‐dimensional semianalytical process‐based model of dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) transformation within the hyporheic zone of gravel bed rivers. Oxygen and multispecies solute transport is solved within a Lagrangian framework with transformation of DIN species modeled by linearized Monod's kinetics, with temperature‐dependent reaction rate coefficients derived from field experiments. Our solutions, which are obtained under the assumptions of sediments with uniform hydraulic properties and negligible local dispersion, highlight the importance of morphological characteristics of the streambed on DIN transformations within the hyporheic zone. By means of this model we explore the effects of streambed topography and relative abundance of ammonium and nitrate in stream waters on the reactive nitrogen cycle in the hyporheic zone of gravel bed rivers with a pool and riffle morphology. Our model shows complex concentration dynamics within the hyporheic zone that may act as a source or a sink of nitrogen depending on the residence time distribution, which can be parameterized in terms of streambed morphology, and the ratio between the in‐stream concentrations of ammonium and nitrate. Application of the model to seven natural streams shows good agreement between predicted and measured nitrous oxide emissions from their hyporheic zone.
Uniquely $K^{(k)}_r$-saturated Hypergraphs

In this paper we generalize the concept of uniquely $K_r$-saturated graphs to hypergraphs. Let $K_r^{(k)}$ denote the complete $k$-uniform hypergraph on $r$ vertices. For integers $k,r,n$ such that $2\le k <r<n$, a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ with $n$ vertices is uniquely $K_r^{(k)}$-saturated if $H$ does not contain $K_r^{(k)}$ but adding to $H$ any $k$-set that is not a hyperedge of $H$ results in exactly one copy of $K_r^{(k)}$. Among uniquely $K_r^{(k)}$-saturated hypergraphs, the interesting ones are the primitive ones that do not have a dominating vertex---a vertex belonging to all possible ${n-1\choose k-1}$ edges. Translating the concept to the complements of these hypergraphs, we obtain a natural restriction of $\tau$-critical hypergraphs: a hypergraph $H$ is uniquely $\tau$-critical if for every edge $e$, $\tau(H-e)=\tau(H)-1$ and $H-e$ has a unique transversal of size $\tau(H)-1$. We have two constructions for primitive uniquely $K_r^{(k)}$-saturated hypergraphs. One shows that for $k$ and $r$ where $4\le k r$. This is in contrast to the case $k=2$ and $r=3$ where only the Moore graphs of diameter two have this property. Our other construction keeps $n-r$ fixed; in this case we show that for any fixed $k\ge 2$ there can only be finitely many examples. We give a range for $n$ where these hypergraphs exist. For $n-r=1$ the range is completely determined: $k+1\le n \le {(k+2)^2\over 4}$. For larger values of $n-r$ the upper end of our range reaches approximately half of its upper bound. The lower end depends on the chromatic number of certain Johnson graphs.
Laser-writable high-k dielectric for van der Waals nanoelectronics

2D material compatible, writable, and high-k multifunctional oxide facilitates next-generation flexible van der Waals electronics. Similar to silicon-based semiconductor devices, van der Waals heterostructures require integration with high-k oxides. Here, we demonstrate a method to embed and pattern a multifunctional few-nanometer-thick high-k oxide within various van der Waals devices without degrading the properties of the neighboring two-dimensional materials. This transformation allows for the creation of several fundamental nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices, including flexible Schottky barrier field-effect transistors, dual-gated graphene transistors, and vertical light-emitting/detecting tunneling transistors. Furthermore, upon dielectric breakdown, electrically conductive filaments are formed. This filamentation process can be used to electrically contact encapsulated conductive materials. Careful control of the filamentation process also allows for reversible switching memories. This nondestructive embedding of a high-k oxide within complex van der Waals heterostructures could play an important role in future flexible multifunctional van der Waals devices.
Competition in growth and urns

We study survival among two competing types in two settings: a planar growth model related to two‐neighbor bootstrap percolation, and a system of urns with graph‐based interactions. In the planar growth model, uncolored sites are given a color at rate 0, 1 or ∞ , depending on whether they have zero, one, or at least two neighbors of that color. In the urn scheme, each vertex of a graph G has an associated urn containing some number of either blue or red balls (but not both). At each time step, a ball is chosen uniformly at random from all those currently present in the system, a ball of the same color is added to each neighboring urn, and balls in the same urn but of different colors annihilate on a one‐for‐one basis. We show that, for every connected graph G and every initial configuration, only one color survives almost surely. As a corollary, we deduce that in the two‐type growth model on ℤ2 , one of the colors only infects a finite number of sites with probability one. We also discuss generalizations to higher dimensions and multi‐type processes, and list a number of open problems and conjectures.
Capital Investment and Rural-Urban Migration in China

This paper explores the linkages between the population, investment, and wages in both China nationally and in each of China’s provinces. The expected result of these linkages is twofold. First, provinces with the greatest per capita investment, whether state-sponsored or private, should in theory experience the greatest change in per capita wage. This is due to the increased marginal product of labor resulting from capital investment, which ultimately will be reflected in per capita wages in a perfectly competitive market. From this hypothesis, it follows that the provinces experiencing the greatest change in wage per capita will experience the greatest change in population. It is logical to assume that rural workers will move to urban areas if the wage incentive is great enough. Though the population increase will, in theory, push urban wages down, this effect is secondary and should take a longer period of time. This article is available in The Park Place Economist: http://digitalcommons.iwu. edu/parkplace/vol16/iss1/15 The Park Place Economist, Volume XVI 78
Stochastic models for haptic textureJason

Recent research in haptic systems has begun to focus on the generation of textures to enhance haptic simulations. Synthetic texture generation can be achieved through the use of stochastic modeling techniques to produce random and pseudo-random texture patterns. These models are based on techniques used in computer graphics texture generation and textured image analysis and modeling. The goal for this project is to synthesize haptic textures that are perceptually distinct. Two new rendering methods for haptic texturing are presented for implementation of stochastic based texture models using a 3 DOF point interaction haptic interface. The synthesized textures can be used in a myriad of applications, including haptic data visualization for blind individuals and overall enhancement of haptic simulations.
Nitrogen use efficiency and feed conversion efficiency of lactating dairy cows grazing simple and diverse pastures

Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Feed Conversion Efficiency of Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing Simple and Diverse Pastures by Richard Cresswell Barry Two experiments were conducted at the Lincoln University Research Dairy Farm from the 25 of March to the 10 of April to examine whether NUE and FCE were affected by pasture type. In experiment 1, 20 Holstein Friesian × Jersey cows were fed either a simple (S) pasture containing ryegrass and white clover, or a diverse (D) pasture containing ryegrass, white clover, lucerne, plantain and chicory. Apparent intake and nutritive value of was determined and NUE was estimated using N intake and N excreted in milk. In experiment 2, 8 cows from experiment 1 were grazed individually on either S or D pastures. Energy intake was determined for each cow based on disappearance. FCE was estimated using heart rate (HR) to determine heat production (HP). Differences in cow activity were recorded using activity monitoring ear tags to examine differences in energy expenditure. Milk production and composition were unaffected by diet in experiment 1. There was a tendency for higher fat and protein yields (P<0.10), however this was not significant. Average milk yield ranged from 14 to 14.9 L/cow/day. Average N intake ranged from 510 to 541 g N/cow/day and was unaffected by pasture type (P>0.05). NUE was not affected by diet ranging from 21.4 to 22.7%. There was a tendency (P<0.10) for cows grazing the S pasture to excrete more N in milk, though this did not result in a higher NUE. FCE in experiment 2 was not affected (P>0.05) by diet, and ranged from 0.37 to 0.46 MJ NE/MJ ME intake. ME intakes were similar (average 155 MJ ME/cow/day) and total NE retained averaged 56.7 MJ NE (milk and live weight gain). Cows grazing D pastures spent 417 mins/day ruminating compared with 383 mins/day for cows grazing S pastures (P=0.001). This difference was not reflected in their HR (average 82.5 beats/min) or estimated HP (80.3 MJ heat/cow/day) (P>0.05). Feeding D pastures that do not differ in their ME content or N content did not influence NUE or FCE of lactating dairy cows in this experiment.
Submitted to the Annals of Statistics ESTIMATION IN ADDITIVE MODELS WITH HIGHLY OR NON-HIGHLY CORRELATED COVARIATES

Motivated by normalizing DNA microarray data and by predicting the interest rates, we explore nonparametric estimation of additive models with highly correlated covariates. We introduce two novel approaches for estimating the additive components, integration estimation and pooled backfitting estimation. The former is designed for highly correlated covariates, and the latter is useful for non-highly correlated covariates. Asymptotic normalities of the proposed estimators are established. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate finite sample behaviors of the proposed estimators, and real data examples are given to illustrate the value of the methodology.
Interrelationship of dipeptidyl pep tidase IV ( DPP 4 ) with the development of diabetes , dyslipidaemia and nephropathy : a streptozotocin-induced model using wild-type and DPP 4-deficient rats

We examined the role of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) in the development of diabetes, dyslipidaemia and renal dysfunction induced by streptozotocin (STZ). F344/ DuCrlCrlj rats, which lack DPP4 activity, and wild-type rats were treated with STZ. Plasma DPP4 activity and biochemical parameters were measured until 42 days after STZ treatment. At the end of the experiment, renal function and DPP4 expressions of the kidney, liver, pancreas and adipose tissues were determined. Increases in blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides were evoked by STZ in both rat strains; however, the onset of hyperglycaemia was delayed in DPP4-deficient rats as compared with wild-type rats. By contrast, more severe dyslipidaemia was observed in DPP4deficient rats than in wild-type rats after STZ treatment. Plasma DPP4 activity increased progressively with time after Journal of Endocrinology (2009) 200, 53–61 0022–0795/09/0200–053 q 2009 Society for Endocrinology Printed in Great STZ treatment in wild-type rats. The kidney of wild-type rats showed decreased DPP4 activity with increasedDpp4mRNA after STZ treatment. In addition, kidney weight, serum creatinine and excreted amounts of urinary protein, glucose and DPP4 enzyme were enhanced by STZ. DPP4-deficient rats showed increased serum creatinine in accordance with decreased creatinine clearance as compared with wild-type rats after STZ treatment. In conclusion, plasma DPP4 activity increased after STZ treatment, positively correlating to blood glucose. DPP4-deficient rats were resistant to developing diabetes, while susceptible to dyslipidaemia and reduction of glomerular filtration rate by STZ. DPP4 activation may be responsible for hyperglycaemia, lipid metabolism and preservation of renal function. Journal of Endocrinology (2009) 200, 53–61
The Role of Upstream-Downstream Competition on Bundling Decisions: Should Regulators Force Firms to Unbundle?

We develop an upstream–downstream model to analyze downstream firms' incentives to bundle. In our framework, the upstream firms are content providers (such as television stations) and the downstream firms are system operators (such as cable/satellite operators). We show that an a la carte regulation (i.e., a regulation that forces downstream firms to unbundle) leads to higher consumer surplus, if the unregulated equilibrium exhibits pure bundling (PB). Hence, our model predicts that in the television industry, which is mainly characterized by PB, an a la carte regulation will be beneficial for the consumers. If, on the other hand, the unregulated equilibrium is characterized by mixed bundling, then an a la carte regulation will increase consumer welfare provided that demand for multiple purchases is strong.
THE SCUBA-2 COSMOLOGY LEGACY SURVEY: MULTIWAVELENGTH COUNTERPARTS TO 103 SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES IN THE UKIDSS-UDS FIELD

We present multiwavelength identifications for the counterparts of 1088 submillimeter sources detected at 850 μm in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey study of the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey-Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) field. By utilizing an Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) pilot study on a subset of our bright SCUBA-2 sample as a training set, along with the deep optical–near-infrared (OIR) data available in this field, we develop a novel technique, Optical–IR Triple Color (OIRTC), using z − K, K − [3.6], [3.6] − [4.5] colors to select the candidate submillimeter galaxy (SMG) counterparts. By combining radio identification and the OIRTC technique, we find counterpart candidates for 80% of the Class = 1 ≥ 4σ SCUBA-2 sample, defined as those that are covered by both radio and OIR imaging and the base sample for our scientific analyses. Based on the ALMA training set, we expect the accuracy of these identifications to be 82% ± 20%, with a completeness of 69% ± 16%, essentially as accurate as the traditional p-value technique but with higher completeness. We find that the fraction of SCUBA-2 sources having candidate counterparts is lower for fainter 850 μm sources, and we argue that for follow-up observations sensitive to SMGs with S850 ≳ 1 mJy across the whole ALMA beam, the fraction with multiple counterparts is likely to be >40% for SCUBA-2 sources at S850 ≳ 4 mJy. We find that the photometric redshift distribution for the SMGs is well fit by a lognormal distribution, with a median redshift of z = 2.3 ± 0.1. After accounting for the sources without any radio and/or OIRTC counterpart, we estimate the median redshift to be z = 2.6 ± 0.1 for SMGs with S850 > 1 mJy. We also use this new large sample to study the clustering of SMGs and the far-infrared properties of the unidentified submillimeter sources by stacking their Herschel SPIRE far-infrared emission.
Visualization and quantification of plankton and detritus using digital confocal microscopy

The application of digital confocal microscopy to studies of plankton and detritus is described. Plankton cells are fluorescently stained using DAPl and proflavin according to established procedures, while detritus is uniquely stained with DAPI and propidium iodide using a recently published companion protocol. Stacks of digitized images of plankton and detritus are acquired in 3 dimens~ons (3D) using an integrating color charge-coupled device (CCD) mounted atop a fluorescence microscope. A desktop computer drives a z-axis motonzed controller to optically section plankton cells and detritus at very fine intervals (as small as 1 pm or less) Out-of-focus haze associated with each optical slice is removed via a nearest-neighbor algorithm in a process termed deconvolution. lmage sets containing these stacks of deconvolved optical slices are subsequently displayed in 3D by volume-rendering software operating aboard a graphics computer. Since the exact x /y / z dimensions of each 3D picture element, or voxel, are known, the volume of plankton or detritus can be calculated. A procedure is described whereby the volume of detritus can be converted to units of carbon and nitrogen. This approach, combined with more traditional 2D image analysis of plankton communities, offers the first opportunity to separately quantify the pool sizes of plankton and detritus in aquatic ecosystems.
Retrospective Analysis of Intensive Care Trauma Patients

The injuries caused by acute exposure to mechanical, thermal, electrical or chemical energies are called trauma. Trauma is an important health problem that arises due to technological developments, accidents and violence in today’s world and it has an increasing contribution to the rates of mortality and morbidity. It is commonly seen at younger ages. Most of these patients are multiple trauma cases and they constitute a significant part of the intensive care patient population.
Estimation of a Semiparametric Recursive Bivariate Probit Model with Nonparametric Mixing

We consider an extension of the recursive bivariate probit model for estimating the effect of a binary variable on a binary outcome in the presence of unobserved confounders, nonlinear covariate effects and overdispersion. Specifically, the model consists of a system of two binary outcomes with a binary endogenous regressor which includes smooth functions of covariates, hence allowing for flexible functional dependence of the responses on the continuous regressors, and arbitrary random intercepts to deal with overdispersion arising from correlated observations on clusters or from the omission of non‐confounding covariates. We fit the model by maximizing a penalized likelihood using an Expectation‐Maximisation algorithm. The issues of automatic multiple smoothing parameter selection and inference are also addressed. The empirical properties of the proposed algorithm are examined in a simulation study. The method is then illustrated using data from a survey on health, aging and wealth.
Effect of salinity gradients on species composition of Odonata naiads

In present study the relationship between salinity gradients of various water bodies and inhabiting Odonata naiads was studied. Naiads, being a popular group of water pollution indicators, were studied. Totally 35 sites were surveyed for collection of naiads and water samples were taken from each positive site. Eight factors viz. Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Calcium +Magnesium (Ca+Mg), Sodium (Na+), Carbonates (Carb), Bicarbonates (Bc), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) were studied for each water sample. Interesting results were obtained both for Anisoptera and Zygoptera species. Among dragonflies, genus Crocothemis of family Libellulidae appeared to be resistant while Genus Gomphidia and Sympetrum of families Gomphidae and Libellulidae were observed to be affected by variations in salinity gradients of waters of different sites. However in case of damselflies Genus Ischnura of family Ceonagrionidae and genus Pseudagrion of family Ceonagrionidae were observed to be adaptive followed by genus Ceriagrion of same family. As an overall conclusion, Anisopterous naiads were found more susceptible to salinity gradients than Zygoptera and thus can be better used in water salinity diagnoses studies.