Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual graph query formulation and exploration: a new perspective on information retrieval at the edge

Within operational environments decisions must be made quickly based on the information available. Identifying an appropriate knowledge base and accurately formulating a search query are critical tasks for decision-making effectiveness in dynamic situations. The spreading of graph data management tools to access large graph databases is a rapidly emerging research area of potential benefit to the intelligence community. A graph representation provides a natural way of modeling data in a wide variety of domains. Graph structures use nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. This research investigates the advantages of information search by graph query initiated by the analyst and interactively refined within the contextual dimensions of the answer space toward a solution. The paper introduces SLQ, a user-friendly graph querying system enabling the visual formulation of schemaless and structureless graph queries. SLQ is demonstrated with an intelligence analyst information search scenario focused on identifying individuals responsible for manufacturing a mosquito-hosted deadly virus. The scenario highlights the interactive construction of graph queries without prior training in complex query languages or graph databases, intuitive navigation through the problem space, and visualization of results in graphical format.
Very low-voltage, low-power and fast-settling OTA for switched-capacitor applications

This paper presents a new fully differential operational trans-conductance amplifier (OTA) for very low-voltage and fast settling switched capacitor circuits in digital CMOS technology. The proposed two-stage OTA is a hybrid class A/AB that combines a folded cascode as the first stage with active current mirrors as the second stage. Due to the class AB operation in the second stage, slew limiting only occurs in the first stage resulting in lower power dissipation for switched-capacitor circuits. It also employs the cascode compensation scheme for fast settling.
Research of content-addressable network

The new generation of scalable P2P systems adopts routing algorithms which support a distributed hash table(DHT) functionality.CAN(Content-Addressable Network) uses DHT to relocate resources on a virtual d-dimensional cartesian coordinate space.CAN is scalable,fault-tolerant and completely self-organizing.The concept of CAN was introduced,the construction and the routing of CAN was described,several improvements for CAN was also discussed.
Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science. By Ronald Lewis

Most current calculus texts could almost have been created from one another with scissors, tape, and a color Xerox machine. Attempted innovations fall by the wayside. Rather than being due to the perfection of the standard calculus course, this state of affairs seems to me to be a sequence of the post-Sputnik push for more engineers and for improved science education. This led to a huge demand for "service courses" having a fairly standard list of "must-cover" topics. Many of the intended students had little interest in mathematics for its own sake. These evolutionary pressures shaped the standard calculus text into a massive tome, designed to program uninterested students in the symbol-recognition and rotemanipulation skills required by various science courses. The proliferation of computers has led to a demand for computer scientists dwarfing the post-Sputnik demand for engineers. There is a list of must-cover mathematical topics for computer science students that has been drawn from combinatorics, logic, mathematical linguistics, and probability theory. Many computer science majors are not interested in mathematics per se. The setting is familiar. Is the basic mathematics course for computer scientists doomed to the same fate as the basic calculus course for engineers and scientists? The spate of new books on "discrete mathematics" suggests that it is.
Frontier and Emerging Markets: A Perspective from Portfolio Flows and Financial Integration

This paper investigates to what extent low-income developing countries (LIDCs) characterized as frontier markets (FMs) have begun to be subject to capital flows dynamics typically associated with emerging markets (EMs). Using a sample of developing countries covering the period 2000–14, we show that: (i) average annual portfolio flows to FMs as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) outstripped those to EMs by about 0.6 percentage points of GDP; (ii) during years of heightened stress in global financial markets, portfolio flows to FMs dried up like those to EMs; and that (iii) FMs have become more integrated into international financial markets. Our findings confirm that, in terms of portfolio flows, FMs have become more similar to EMs than to the rest of LIDCs and are therefore more vulnerable to swings in global financial markets conditions. Accordingly, it is important to have in place frameworks to strengthen FMs’ resilience to adverse capital flows shocks.
Policy priority objectives: comparative assessment in four European cities

Sustainability must be an urban issue. Cities should be managed so as to minimize their impacts on environment, but providing an appropriate framework for economic and social development. However, European cities are facing some trends that threaten sustainable development. The aim of the EC research project INSIGHT-7FP (2013/16) is to develop appropriate management tools that can help to achieve sustainability in the context of European cities. In the project, a set of policy objectives have been designed for the management of urban areas, in order to face the main threats existing over cities. The paper presents a methodology based on indicators for analysing the progress towards these ten policy objectives in the four EU cities participating in the project: London (12.3 mill. inhab.), Madrid (6.4 mill. inhab.), Barcelona (5.4 mill. inhab.) and Rotterdam (1.4 mill. inhab.). All the indicators used in the analysis have been validated by ten policy makers of European cities. These policy makers participated on the stakeholders consultation carried out in the project, where the importance of the policy objectives proposed was also assessed. The paper concludes determining the policy priority objectives in each city, in order to contain the main threats existing over them: London should especially address the threats of social exclusion and transport inefficiency; Madrid the threats of economic decline and urban sprawl; Barcelona the economic decline and Rotterdam the contribution to climate change and the urban sprawl. Finally, the role played by the land use and transport system in these policy objectives is analysed. To this end, the assessment allows for the comparability of the results in a horizontal manner, in the basis of common indicators. Nearly half of these indicators are related to the land use and transport system of the cities. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4091
Public support for environmental policy depends on beliefs concerning effectiveness, intrusiveness, and fairness

ABSTRACT In industrialised countries, emissions from fossil-fuelled vehicles show little sign of abatement, with citizens’ opposition to policy interventions arguably the key reason. To better understand the sources of public opinion towards particular types of policy instruments designed to reduce vehicle emissions, we focus on the perceived consequences of such instruments, notably the extent to which they are regarded as effective, fair, and unintrusive. Switzerland is the empirical focus because it lags behind neighbouring European countries. We assess public support for seven policy instruments, identified by existing literature and expert interviews. A survey-embedded experiment with a representative sample of 2,034 citizens provides support for the argument that policy instruments perceived as effective, fair, and unintrusive achieve higher levels of public support. These results may help policymakers design interventions that strike a balance between political feasibility and problem-solving effectiveness.
Agency Theory in Business and Management Research

Agency theory is one the most prominent theoretical perspectives utilized in business and management research. Agency theory argues—using fundamental assumptions that agents are: (a) self-interested, (b) boundedly rational, and (c) different from principals in their goals and risk-taking preferences—that a problem occurs when one party (a principal) employs another (an agent) to make decisions and act in their stead. Essentially, the value of a principal-agent relationship is not optimized because the two contracted parties may have different interests and information is asymmetric (not equal). Agency costs are the result of principal and agent conflicts of interest and disagreements regarding actions that are taken. As such, monitoring and incentive-alignment systems are used to curb costs associated with opportunist behavior. Agency theory is commonly utilized to understand and explain corporate governance phenomena, including executive incentive alignment, board monitoring, and control of top managers; this strand of the literature is founded in economics and represents the bulk of the research in business and management. However, other important principal-agent relationships are commonly seen in business and society, such as with politicians/voters, brokers/investors, and lawyers/clients, and have benefited from the vast stream of research that has explored the principal-agent relationship in various forms and contexts. Also, alternative theoretical perspectives have emerged to accommodate variations of the principal-agent relationship. Namely, principal-principal agency, behavioral agency, and stewardship theories are prominent alternative theories that challenge, expand, or relax the basic assumptions of the classic theory to extend our understanding of important relationships and mechanisms in business and management.
Secret and Secure Data Transmission Using Four-Level Data Security

Security comes in first place when sending confidential digital data over an insecure transmission medium. As the data can be easily tampered with, having a single layer of security is not sufficient. In this paper, a four level security scheme is proposed associating with the idea of digital watermarking, steganography, cryptography and covert channel. The data to be transmitted is first hidden inside a cover image and then watermarked for ensuring authentication and validating data integrity. Further, encryption is applied on the watermarked image to achieve second level of data integrity and finally the data is transmitted in a hidden manner through an appropriate covert channel. The algorithms used in this approach are practically proven to be efficient in the past with respect to providing data security. The result shows that the proposed approach can exclusively improve data security during confidential data transmission.
Identification of user tasks in on-line TV

The research presented in this master’s thesis identifies user behavior and user task in context of on-line TV. In addition, the use of the different tools for data collection, data preparation and analysis of all the collected data. To understand how the user will interact with a system provide the service providers of on-line TV the possibility personalize the content to a specific user. Furthermore, it can be used to develop better on-line TV services, create user profiles, understand what the users do (without any interaction with the user) and in general provide the user with better quality of experience (QoE). We conducted a controlled experiment with five MSc students from the Informatics department on the University of Oslo. The participants were introduced to two on-line TV providers, where they should perform and provide answers to 11 assignments. All their actions and behavior were logged with the help two logging tools: Noldus uLog to record the low-level user actions and Camtasia Studio to record the computer desktop, user behavior from webcam and sound. In addition to the recorded data, background information about the users was collected before the experiment and a interview was conducted at the end to further understand why the user choose to do what they did. The experiment led to the identification of 15 different user tasks over two categories. The high-level users tasks consist of 4 different user tasks where they all depend on the low-level user tasks. 11 user tasks are categorized as low-level user tasks, where they are focusing on how the user interacts with the on-line TV service to achieve the high-level user tasks. Furthermore, it has also been identified some user types that are closely related to the high-level user tasks. The results show that it is possible to identify what the users are doing in some extent. However, it will be hard to conclude that the user is watching some content or not, in relation to if the user is present or not. This must be further investigated to find a solution to this problem. Furthermore, it is identified that the user task in on-line TV can in some extent be found in other TV services. The user tasks that differ, is the one that are service specific.
Media Types for Sensor Measurement Lists (SenML)

This specification defines media types for representing simple sensor measurements and device parameters in the Sensor Measurement Lists (SenML). Representations are defined in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR), eXtensible Markup Language (XML), and Efficient XML Interchange (EXI), which share the common SenML data model. A simple sensor, such as a temperature sensor, could use one of these media types in protocols such as HTTP or CoAP to transport the measurements of the sensor or to be configured.
LSVM-MDPM Release 4 Notes

This note describes some recent advances that improve the performance of the object detection system described in [2]. Some of the improvements included here comprised the UoC-TTI LSVMMDPM entry in the PASCAL VOC 2009 comp3 challenge [1] and others were developed subsequently. Complete source code for the latest version of the object detection system can be found at http://people.cs. uchicago.edu/~pff/latent/.
Altruistic values and environmental knowledge as triggers of pro-environmental behavior among tourists

ABSTRACT This study used the value-attitude-behaviour model to test the hypothesized impacts of altruistic values and attitudes on environmentally responsible behaviour and destination loyalty. The study uses tourists’ environmental knowledge as a moderator in the proposed relationship. The participants were South Korean tourists visiting Jeju Island, a premier eco-destination that is experiencing a large influx of tourists. The results indicate the important role of altruistic values, attitudes, and environmental knowledge within the context of nature-based tourism. The study provides implications for managing a nature-based destination in a sustainable manner.
Quantity aggregation and quality price adjustment : problems with measuring Indonesian food demand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Agricultural Economics at Massey University

One Asian country which is predicted to provide excellent opportunities for New Zealand exporters is Indonesia. To measure Indonesian demand responses requires the use of cross-sectional survey data. However, the use of such data produces aggregation errors, caused by quality effects, in the measurement of commodity price and quantity elasticities. Such aggregation errors produce biased elasticity estimates. The bias in the estimation of price elasticities is compounded by errors of measurement in measured quantities and expenditures. Adapting the theoretical model of Houthakker (1952) and Theil (1952), Deaton (1988) developed a methodology which accounts for both aggregation and measurement error. Using Deaton' s methodology, the demand for five commodities rice, meat, fruit , vegetables. and milk products were computed. The expenditure elasticities are ordered much as would be expected, with rice and vegetables close to zero, and meat, fruit and milk products all having elasticities greater than one. Comparing the expenditure elasticities with respect to total expenditure with those of previous studies, the quantity elasticities are decreasing with time as expected. Thus while meat, fruit, and milk products are still considered luxury items, they will increasingly be within the average Indonesian consumer's reach in the near future. Also, the quality of foodstuffs consumed is increasing with incomes. The effects of quality, and measurement error especially, produced dubious price elasticity estimates. After adjusting for these influences, the price elasticity estimates are, with the exception of milk products, negative, although the rice price elasticity is larger than predicted. Meanwhile. the effects of quality in the estimation of quantity elasticities is relatively minor. While the model produced satisfactory results, it was considered that further exploration of the methodology was required, particularly with regard to the use of food expenditure.
Flexibility of individual decisions in a real-option setting: an experimental study of transport choice

The authors conducted an experimental study about road haulers' choice between railways and roads. If road haulers choose to load their truck on a train, they are not able to switch to using the road again until they reach the end of the line. On the contrary, highway choice is flexible in that the road hauler can change road at any time. Building upon the irreversibility of one of the two choices, the authors build a model in which traffic levels are risky using both infrastructures. In the model, they found that haulers' choices depend on the infrastructure price for railways and on the information level obtained by the hauler during travel. The flexible option is more valuable the more informed the agent is about traffic levels. These theoretical predictions are tested by implementing two experimental treatments. In the first, agents gain no information during their travel; in the second they become perfectly informed about traffic conditions during the travel. It is important that experimental payoffs are calibrated upon transport data about time and operating costs and infrastructure tariffs in France. From the experiment, the authors found that more risk-averse agents assign more value to the flexible option. The second result is that participants overreact to infrastructure price changes. The results indicate that, as the model stands, price levels and information level are important explanatory variables of choice. The higher the price is for railways and the higher the information is, the more participants give value to flexible option (highway), especially if participants are risk averse. The second result is that participants overreact to infrastructure price modification. The authors observed that, except for low levels of price, participants tend to choose the flexible option more frequently, even if it is suboptimal.
Appropriation strategies in the context of public-private collaboration in argentine biotechnology

Innovative activity is critical to a business, and offers the opportunity to benefit from its results. To achieve this objective, firms develop a strategy of appropriation, based on the use of various existing mechanisms of appropriation. This paper studies nine Argentine firms in the biopharmaceutical sector, which is characterized by intensive innovation, which is inherently cooperative, as firms systematically use external and public sources of knowledge. Public-private partnership necessarily impacts firms’ appropriation strategies, which need to consider the risks and benefits inherent to an innovation process of such characteristics. The traits collaboration between the parties assumes are critical to identify the specificities of the relationship between collaboration and appropriation, in a science and technology intensive sector which is strategic for Argentina due to its accumulated scientific and productive capabilities.
Credit, House Prices and the Macroeconomy in Cyprus

This paper examines the existence of a link between house prices, credit and macroeconomic conditions in Cyprus, using a vector error correction model (VECM) and quarterly data from 2005Q4 to 2016Q4. Overall, the results suggest that a link exists and that house prices have a bi-directional relationship with loans and the unemployment rate. Macroeconomic conditions matter for the Cyprus economy as an unexpected shock in unemployment is found to have a persistent impact on all the variables in the model. The interest rate is also found to have an effect on wages and house prices.
Asymmetric Effect of Globalization on the Interest Rates on External Debt: The Case of Turkey

This study empirically examines the short-run and long-run asymmetry between the series of globalization and the interest rate on external debt for the years from 1970 to 2015 for Turkey by employing the Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model. Estimation results show that there is a statistically significant nonlinear relationship between globalization and the interest rate on external debt for the case of Turkey. We identified a long-run but not a short-run asymmetry between two series. According to the findings, when the degree of globalization in Turkey increases by 1%, then the interest rate on the external debt commitments drops by 3.43%. On the other hand, the interest rate on external debt commitments rises by 3.07% in the long-run when the degree of globalization drops by 1%. Diagnostic test results also reveal that our model does not contain any problems of autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, misspecification, and non-normality.
How central bankers learned to love financialization: The Fed, the Bank, and the enlisting of unfettered markets in the conduct of monetary policy

Central banks’ role in financialization has received increasing attention in recent years. These debates have predominantly revolved around authorities’ ‘benign neglect’ of asset bubbles, their deregulatory policies, and the safety nets they provide for speculative exuberance. Most analyses refer to the dominance of pro-market interests and ideas to explain these actions. The present article moves beyond these accounts by showing how an alignment between techniques of monetary governance and ‘unfettered’ financial markets can explain central banks’ endorsement of increasingly fragile structures of liquidity and their strategic ignorance towards growing amounts of debt. We analyze the processes of abstraction and formalization by which the ‘programmes’ and ‘technologies’ of monetary governance have been made compatible with the texture of contemporary finance; and we show how central banks’ attempts to make markets more amenable to their methods of policy implementation shaped new conduits for financial growth. As empirical cases, we discuss the Federal Reserve’s experiments with different policy frameworks in the 1980s and the Bank of England’s twisted path to inflation targeting from 1979 to 1997. These cases allow us to demonstrate that the infrastructural power of contemporary central banking is predicated on the same institutional foundations that have made financialization possible.