Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Ku-band 1-Watt two stage power amplifier MMIC for space with 52% Power added efficiency

This paper presents the design and measured performance of a novel Ku-band two stage power amplifier monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) for space use. The circuit is designed using 0. 25µm GaAs psuedomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) technology offered by UMS foundry. For two stage amplifier, measured performance shows 52% of power added efficiency (PAE) and 29.8 dBm of output power at 2-dB gain compression into a 50Ω load at 13 GHz frequency. The two stage power amplifier achieves more than 20dB of gain and second harmonic level of less than 30 dBc with reference to fundamental signal. To the best of the authors' knowledge PAE achieved in this two stage design is better than earlier reported PAEs at this frequency range for GaAs pHEMT MMICs. State-of-the-art efficiency performance is achieved through careful design of output matching network for second stage transistor. The MMIC is also tested in connectorised test module where thermal performance of the amplifier is also checked. Dual stage amplifier shows minimal variation of output power from ambient to hot (+65°C). All the measurements were carried out in continuous wave condition.
Prémices d'une analyse syntaxique par transition pour des structures de dépendance non-projectives

RESUME L’article presente une extension de l’analyseur traditionnel en dependances par transitions adapte aux dependances discontinues et les premiers resultats de son entrainement sur un corpus de structures de dependances de phrases en francais. Les resultats des premieres experimentations vont servir de base pour le choix des traits des configurations de calcul bien adaptes aux dependances discontinues pour ameliorer l’apprentissage des dependances tete.
Evaluation of Mental Stress by Analyzing Accelerated Plethysmogram Applied Chaos Theory and Examination of Welfare Space Installed User's Vital Sign

Abstract Welfare environment is considered special care such as support to stand up, sit up, walk, take a medicine, etc. Therefore, it is usefulness that the welfare environment support customer by service robot and consider its mind. A analyze brain waves is a kind of mind understanding. However, big equipment is needed for accuracy. In this paper, authors research a possibility of diagnosis of stress by accelerated plethysmogram applied the criterion which combine two evaluation based on chaos theory; trajectory parallel measure method and size of neighborhood space in chaos attractor. And, it calculates time-series data of accelerated plethysmogram measured from forty-tester using proposed evaluations. The authors examine the result of its application to diagnose of stress. Finally, the authors examine that customer's vital information is usefulness to control a service robot and an environment of room based on an ambient Intelligence.
Antisense inhibition of the brain kallikrein-kinin system.

We used antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) strategy, based on interference of information flow from gene to protein, to determine the role of kininogen and bradykinin B2 receptor genes in the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension in rats. Mean blood pressure of 9-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) increased 4 hours after acute intracerebroventricular injection of synthetic 18-mer antisense ODNs targeting the translation initiation codon of kininogen mRNA (from 164 +/- 5 to 181 +/- 4 mm Hg, P < .01) or bradykinin B2 receptor mRNA (from 161 +/- 5 to 185 +/- 8 mm Hg, P < .01) and then returned to basal levels within 24 hours. Prolonged vasopressor effects were observed after repeated injections of antisense ODN targeting kininogen mRNA. Antisense ODNs to kininogen and B2 receptor mRNAs increased blood pressure of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats only slightly compared with SHR (from 116 +/- 3 to 124 +/- 1 and from 116 +/- 2 to 126 +/- 4 mm Hg, respectively; P < .05). Cardiovascular responses were confirmed by the use of antisense ODNs targeted to bind to different non-overlapping regions of kininogen or B2 receptor mRNA. Microinjection of antisense ODN to B2 receptor mRNA into the nucleus tractus solitarii increased mean blood pressure in SHR and prevented the vasodepressor effect induced by intranuclear microinjection of bradykinin. No significant change in mean blood pressure was induced in either strain by intravenous injection of antisense ODNs or by central injection of sense or scrambled ODNs. A strong fluorescent signal was detected at the level of the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus periventricularis, midbrain, and cerebrum 1 hour after central injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antisense ODNs. Kininogen levels were significantly lower in the brain of rats given intracerebroventricular antisense kininogen ODN compared with controls. Our results indicate that the brain kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in the central regulation of blood pressure and suggest that this system may exert a protective action against further elevations of blood pressure levels in SHR.
Self-control of psychotic productions in schizophrenics.

To the Editor. — We read with interest the article by Breier and Strauss entitled "Self-control in Psychotic Disorders. " 1 For more than three years, we have conducted a homogeneous therapy group for schizophrenic inpatients in a short-term psychiatric unit. 2-4 Like Breier and Strauss, we have been impressed with the ability of many of our patients to control psychotic aspects of their disease. This has been most apparent in the area of auditory hallucinations. The patients best able to cope have been those with long histories of schizophrenia who have learned what seems to help them through trial and error. Of the three self-control methods described by Breier and Strauss, we have found self-instruction to be the least common, although one patient found that he could "out shout" the voices and "order them to stop" when they became unbearable. We have observed the other two methods (reducing or increasing involvement in
Style, genre, and authorship in Acts, the Septuagint, and Hellenistic historians

Some claim Acts is stylistically influenced by older Greek biblical texts (the Septuagint; LXX), others that Acts is, or is not, closer to literary Hellenistic Greek. This is tested here with samples from the LXX and Hellenistic historians. Multivariate tests are run on thirty-two function words on 1,000-word samples classified by author and genre. In Acts earlier and later narrative and speech are separated, as are the we' sections. Using correspondence analysis, Acts is plotted between the LXX and Dionysius, near Genesis on one side and very near Dionysius on the other. Acts is closer to the historians in use of genitive participles, alla, and de (but'). It is a little closer to the LXX in lower use of men, ek, and an, but still near Dionysius. It is between the two on kai (and'), gar (for'), en (in'), kata, and peri
Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Propolis from Poland

In this study, we assessed the therapeutic potential of propolis from Poland and performed chemical analysis by GC–MS, as well as determined its botanical origin. Chemical constituents typical for bud exudates of Populus nigra (section Aigeiros) were determined, however, glycerol esters of phenolic acids, as well as unusually high amounts of p-coumaric and ferulic acid and their benzyl esters, were also detected. These constituents are characteristic for buds of Populus tremula (section Leuce). We also evaluated the antiproliferative effect of propolis extracts against nine human cancer cell lines. Additionally, promising antibacterial activity of the dichloromethane extract (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration MIC values of 0.95–1.24 mg/mL), as well as a moderate antifungal activity (MIC values of 1.25–1.40 mg/mL), was noticed. Propolis from Poland appeared as a rich source of antibacterial and antiproliferative compounds and this confirmed that it is a valuable natural product with the potential to improve human health.
A review of the welfare of dairy cows in continuously housed and pasture-based production systems.

14 There is increasing interest in the use of continuous housing systems for dairy cows, 15 with various reasons put forward to advocate such systems. However, the welfare of 16 dairy cows is typically perceived to be better within pasture-based systems, although 17 such judgements are often not scientifically based. The aim of this review was to 18 interrogate the existing scientific literature to compare the welfare, including health, 19 of dairy cows in continuously housed and pasture-based systems. While 20 summarising existing work, knowledge gaps and directions for future research are 21 also identified. The scope of the review is broad, examining relevant topics under 22 three main headings; health, behaviour, and physiology. Regarding health, cows on 23 pasture-based systems had lower levels of lameness, hoof pathologies, hock 24 lesions, mastitis, uterine disease, and mortality compared to cows on continuously 25 housed systems. Pasture access also had benefits for dairy cow behaviour, in terms 26 of grazing, improved lying / resting times, and lower levels of aggression. Moreover, 27 when given the choice between pasture and indoor housing, cows showed an overall 28 preference for pasture, particularly at night. However, the review highlighted the 29 need for a deeper understanding of cow preference and behaviour. Potential areas 30 for concern within pasture-based systems included physiological indicators of more 31 severe negative energy balance, and in some situations, the potential for 32 compromised welfare with exposure to unpredictable weather conditions. In 33 summary, the results from this review highlight that there remain considerable animal 34 welfare benefits from incorporating pasture access into dairy production systems. 35
Estrogen Induces de novo Progesterone Synthesis in Astrocytes

The brain is an established target for peripheral steroids, but also expresses steroidogenic enzymes and is capable of de novo ‘sex’ steroid synthesis (neurosteroidogenesis) independent of peripheral steroidogenic organs. In adrenalectomized and ovariectomized rats that do not have peripheral sources of steroids, estrogen treatment increased progesterone levels specifically in the hypothalamus, indicating that estrogen stimulates progesterone neurosteroidogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific cell types preferentially secrete specific steroids, and that astrocytes are the primary progesterone synthesizing cells in the nervous system. We hypothesized that estrogen could directly induce de novo synthesis of progesterone in astrocytes. To determine whether estrogen stimulates progesterone synthesis in astrocytes, astrocyte-enriched cultures were grown to confluence, then grown for an additional 48 h in an estrogen- and phenol-free Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and then treated with either 17β-estradiol or steroid-free media. After culturing for 48 h in steroid-free, phenol red-free DMEM, low levels of progesterone were detected in the media, whereas progesterone levels were significantly increased in the media of astrocytes cultured in DMEM with 17β-estradiol (10–7–10–4M). To determine whether estrogen regulated the mRNA expression of progesterone synthetic enzymes, P-450 side-chain cleavage and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, control and 17β-estradiol-treated astrocytes were harvested and prepared for Northern and slot blot analysis. Expression levels of enzyme mRNAs were very low and 17β-estradiol did not significantly increase mRNA levels of either steroidogenic enzyme. These results suggest that estrogen directly stimulated the de novo synthesis of neuroprogesterone in astrocytes, and demonstrate the potential for estrogen to regulate reproductive physiology and behavior through the paracrine actions of astrocyte-derived progesterone.
A Tyrosine-based Sorting Signal Regulates Intracellular Trafficking of Protease-activated Receptor-1

Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for thrombin, is irreversibly proteolytically activated, internalized, and then sorted to lysosomes and degraded. Internalization and lysosomal sorting of activated PAR1 is critical for termination of receptor signaling. We previously demonstrated that activated PAR1 is rapidly phosphorylated and internalized via a clathrin- and dynamin-dependent pathway that is independent of arrestins. Toward understanding the mechanisms responsible for activated PAR1 internalization through clathrin-coated pits we examined the function of a highly conserved tyrosine-based motif, YXXL, localized in the cytoplasmic carboxyl tail of the receptor. A mutant PAR1 in which tyrosine 383 and leucine 386 were replaced with alanines (Y383A/L386A) was significantly impaired in agonist-triggered internalization and degradation compared with wild-type receptor. In contrast, constitutive internalization, and recycling of unactivated PAR1 Y383A/L386A mutant was not affected, suggesting that tonic cycling of the mutant receptor remained intact. Strikingly, a PAR1 C387Z truncation mutant in which the YXXL motif was exposed at the C terminus constitutively internalized and degraded in an agonist-independent manner, whereas C387Z truncation mutant in which the critical tyrosine and leucine were mutated to alanine (C387Z-Y383A/L386A) failed to internalize. Inhibition of PAR1 C387Z mutant constitutive internalization with dominant-negative K44A dynamin blocked agonist-independent degradation of the mutant receptor. Together these findings strongly suggest that internalization of activated PAR1 is controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms involving phosphorylation and a highly conserved tyrosine-based motif, YXXL. This study is the first to describe a function for a tyrosine-based motif, YXXϕ, in GPCR internalization and reveal novel complexities in the regulation of GPCR trafficking.
The conceptual framework of fairness in consensus reaching process under fuzziness

The purpose of this paper is to present briefly the conceptual framework of fairness in the consensus reaching process with novel elements of grasping imprecision in intentions, preferences and adjustments of individuals. All solutions are based on the idea of “soft” degree of consensus under fuzzy preference relations and a fuzzy majority given as a fuzzy linguistic quantifier. Here, we propose a further extension of the human-consistent consensus reaching support system for group decision-making problems. We enhance a new knowledge-based system with socio-psychological aspects of fair behavior which ensures the satisfaction of justified expectations of its participants. We apply the resource allocation model to express fair influence on consensus reaching process among all decision makers. In this paper we present general conditions for fair solution concept to increase the effectiveness of consensus reaching process and a quality of final decision which becomes highly-justified.
Proposal of active information supplement platform based on 4W information

This paper proposes, for the purpose of offsetting the limited capability of the heterogeneous sensors stationed in the environment to collect the user information, the active information supplement framework. In this framework, the communication robots used for offering services to users are utilized as new sensors to actively collect user information by interacting with the user; the information acquired by the communication robots are used to complete the information obtained by the heterogeneous sensors. The feature of the framework is its systematic execution of the sensor fusion and the supplement function; it treats the actual robots and sensors as 4W robots and 4W sensors in a uniform manner. We also implement a network robot platform on the framework and describe the experiment conducted to confirm the basic function of the framework.
FDA Labeling Requirements for Disinfection of Endoscopes: A Counterpoint

Abstract Endoscopes are used widely for the diagnosis and therapy of medical disorders. To prevent spread of nosocomial infection, all endoscopes should undergo thorough cleaning and high-level disinfection following each use. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a user-friendly package label for one liquid chemical germicide that requires a 45-minute immersion at 25°C to support a high-level disinfection label claim. Scientific data reviewed here suggest that one can achieve at least an 8-log reduction in M tuberculosis contamination with cleaning (4 logs) followed by chemical disinfection for 20 minutes (4 to 6 logs). The FDA should modify the label to state that if cleaning is accomplished using a standardized cleaning protocol, then a 20-minute immersion at 20°C will be sufficient to achieve high-level disinfection.
Kinematics, dynamics and control of wheeled mobile robots

The controllability of nonholonomic robot systems is proved for six common wheel and axle configurations that possess two or three degrees of freedom. After the kinematics and dynamics were modeled using the synchro-drive vehicle as an example, it was proved that continuous feedback stabilization of the vehicle to an equilibrium point is impossible. The dynamic model so developed is also used to prove that simple controllers are sufficient to guarantee stability for the drive- and steering-angle components of synchro-drive vehicles. Although the underlying control systems are stable, the experimental results demonstrated that potential-field navigation can lead robot trajectories to an unexpected invariant set. The results reported can easily be extended to the modeling and control of other mobile robot systems. <<ETX>>
Social Behaviour is Impaired in the R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington’s Disease.

BACKGROUND Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterised by a combination of motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. HD patients also exhibit deficits in social behaviour. While motor and cognitive dysfunction in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD has been well described, social disorders have not been reported. OBJECTIVE To compare social behaviour in R6/2 and wildtype (WT) mice, using two different measures of sociability. METHODS R6/2 mice were tested in the habituation/dishabituation test as a measure of social recognition, and the resident-intruder paradigm, as a measure of social interaction. RESULTS In the social recognition test, WT mice remained interested in female mice throughout the testing period. Male R6/2 mice showed reduced interest in female mice from 14 weeks of age, while still recognising novel female mice. In the resident intruder test, R6/2 residents showed a lack of interest in the intruder. Interestingly, WT resident mice showed more aggressive behaviour towards R6/2 than WT intruders. This aggressive behaviour stopped once the barrier was removed, but WT mice showed increased risk assessment and escape behaviours while interacting with R6/2 intruders. CONCLUSIONS R6/2 mice have deficits in social behaviours. Phenotypic male R6/2 mice show a decreased interest in females,mirroring the hyposexuality seen in HD patients. Furthermore, R6/2 mice show a lack of interest in intruder mice, suggesting social apathy. The abnormal response of WT mice to R6/2 mice suggests that R6/2 mice do not generate appropriate social cues.Our data suggest that R6/2 mice have deficits in social behaviour that replicate the disrupted social behaviours seen in HD.
Uso de las plataformas LEGO y Arduino en la enseñanza de la programación

Cada vez es mas comun que los grados de ingenieria y ciencia incluyan la ensenanza de la programacion en sus planes de estudio. Estas asignaturas suponen un autentico desafio para los profesores encargados ya que muchos estudiantes encuentran bastantes dificultades en su primer encuentro con la programacion. En la actualidad existen enfoques docentes innovadores que pueden ayudar en esta tarea, la computacion fisica es uno de los mas prometedores. Esta introduce los conceptos de la programacion en el mundo real para que el alumno interaccione con ellos. Utilizando este paradigma hemos desarrollado un conjunto de recursos docentes para la ensenanza de la programacion en ciencias e ingenieria. Se han preparado un conjunto de demostraciones para ser utilizadas en clase de teoria y varios modulos para ser utilizados por los alumnos en el laboratorio. Las experiencias de teoria y de laboratorio se apoyan en las plataformas Arduino -una microcontroladora open hardware- y LEGO -una plataforma robotica educativa. El material desarrollado ha sido evaluado en un curso de programacion dentro del grado de Biologia y con estudiantes voluntarios de primero de Matematicas. Los resultados han sido positivos: se ha incrementado el numero de estudiantes que aprenden a programar satisfactoriamente y disfrutan programando. Estos resultados indican que el uso de este recurso docente como complemento a la docencia tradicional mejora el aprendizaje de los estudiantes facilitando la labor del profesor.
From genotype to human β cell phenotype and beyond

Polygenic type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multi-factorial disease due to the interplay between genes and the environment. Over the years, several genes/loci have been associated with this type of diabetes, with the majority of them being related to β cell dysfunction. In this review, the available information on how polymorphisms in T2DM-associated genes/loci do directly affect the properties of human islet cells are presented and discussed, including some clinical implications and the role of epigenetic mechanisms.