Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Silico Prediction of Mechanism of Erysolin-induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Targeted therapy has been gaining momentum to be a promising strategy for drug development research. Natural compounds and their synthetic analogues have provided several promising anticancer drugs. Erysolin present in the Eruca sativa better known as rocket plant has been scarcely studied. In the present study, we assessed the anticancer potential and underlying mechanism(s) of action of erysolin in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using the in vitro and/or in silico experiments. Incubation of these cell lines with erysolin (10 and 50 µM) for 72 h resulted in 50-70% apoptosis in both cell lines at 50 µM with concomitant decrease in the cell viability. However, 10 µM erysolin induced 20% apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells while it was unresponsive in the MCF-7 cells. Further, our in silico results revealed significant interaction and better inhibition of erysolin to CDK2, CDK6, Bcl2 and ER-α compared to the standard reference compounds. Moreover, erysolin also showed higher affinity against interface of p53-MDM2 which might stimulate p53 in tumor cells or induces restoration of mutant p53 thereby making these cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. Feeble interactions with pro-apoptotic protein BAX, caspases 3 and 8 also indicate possible involvement of extrinsic pathway in the erysolin-mediated apoptosis. The results showed that erysolin is a promising natural anticancer and anti-estrogenic agent. Further, the in silico protocol for elucidating and validating apoptosis mechanism(s) by unknown compounds could also be used.
A Multilayer Approach of Anomaly Detection for Email Systems

Many techniques have been applied to anomaly detection to detect novel attacks, such as statistical analysis, clustering, support vector machines, neural networks and etc. Although the results are promising, there’s still a serious problem, high false positive rates, which make anomaly detection systems practically unusable. We observe that most network Intrusion Detection systems (IDSs) work on information that is only available on lower layers of the network or on higher layers, but not on both. We argue that by correlating the information on different layers, we can have a more efficient anomaly detection system. We introduce an anomaly detection system based on the layer correlation. Bayesian networks and statistical analysis are used to build normal system models for the anomaly detection engine. The prototype system is tested on tcpdump traces including normal and anomalous email activities. Our experimental results show that our proposed solution is capable of reducing false alarm rates.
Nutrient Requirements Of Fish

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Comparative study of effective-site target controlled infusion with standard bolus induction of propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion

Abstract Several studies demonstrated induction of anesthesia with different plasma target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol for LMA insertion. However, there has been no study to compare the standard bolus propofol induction with the effective site TCI for LMA insertion. Objective: Compare the efficacy of induction of anesthesia with propofol for LMA insertion between the effective-site TCI, using 6 μg/mL, and the standard bolus propofol dose of 2.5 mg/kg in elective surgical patients. Methods: A randomized, prospective, single-blinded, clinical study was used for this study. Seventy-eight unpremedicated patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II undergoing elective surgical procedure were randomly allocated between two groups. Group 1 received the standard bolus propofol dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Group 2 received effective site TCI (Schnider model) dose of 6 μg/mL for LMA insertion. The hemodynamics and anesthetic depth (Bispectral index score) were monitored and recorded during and immediately after LMA insertion. The number of insertion attempted, insertion quality score, induction time, and propofol doses used were recorded and compared between groups. Results: The success rate of first insertion attempt was equal in both groups (92.3%). There was no significant hemodynamic response difference between the groups during pre-induction, induction, insertion, and post insertion period. The BIS score was significantly lower during post insertion period in group 1 (51.4+11.0) than group 2 (58.4+3.2) (p=0.013). The propofol doses in group 2 were significantly lower than in group 1 (110.6+14.8 vs. 153.5+21.5) (p <0.001). Patients in group 2 required significantly more induction time than group 1 (146.9+42.3 vs. 103.4+33.6 (p <0.001). Conclusion: Propofol induction with TCI provided equal success rate as compared with standard bolus propofol induction for LMA insertion and insertion quality score. TCI significantly lowered the propofol consumption when compared with the standard 2.5 mg/kg propofol dose.
SAS 99 consideration of fraud in a financial statement audit: a new auditing standard

This study provides an overview of the new Auditing Standards No. 99, 'Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit', discusses how the accounting industry is expected to adhere to the standard, and provides general guidance of the responsibilities and anti-fraud activities that are expected of the management in this new standard.
Prospective study of community-acquired rotavirus infection

We determined titers of group A rotavirus common antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against serotypes 1 to 4 of prototype human rotavirus (HRV) in cord blood and serum specimens obtained from 38 infants at 4-month intervals from birth until 2 years of age. Nineteen of the infants developed one episode of HRV diarrhea each, and they were matched by age and birth weight with the other 19 infants, who did not develop HRV diarrhea during the follow-up period. We estimated the incidence rate of HRV infection for the two groups of infants combined to be a minimum of 1.34 episodes per infant per year, which is 22 times more common than the occurrence of overt disease caused by the virus in this community. The infection occurred constantly throughout the first 2 years of infancy, whereas all but one of the 19 episodes of overt disease occurred before 12 months of age. Seven of these overt episodes were preceded by at least one episode of subclinical infection earlier, and the other seven were probably due to primary HRV infection. The remaining five episodes occurred before 4 months of age, so that we could not ascertain whether they were due to primary infections because of the presence of maternal antibodies. We showed that levels of HRV antibodies in serum specimens obtained before clinical onset of diarrhea varied widely, and, for most infants in the diarrheal group, levels of these antibodies were similar to those in the serum specimens obtained at the same times from the corresponding age- and birth weight-matched control infants. Nevertheless, the age at which overt disease caused by HRV was most prevalent coincided with the time when the maternal antibodies had declined to low levels but the infants had not yet acquired high titers of these antibodies in their sera.
Protecting Privacy When Disclosing Information: K Anonymity and its Enforcement Through Suppression

- Anonymization means to remove personal identifier or converted into non readable form by human to protect private or personal information. Data anonymization can be performed in different ways but in this paper k-anonymization approach is used. Suppose one person A having his own k-anonymous database and needs to determine whether database is still k-anonymous if tuple inserted by another person B. For some applications (for example, Student’s record), database needs to be confidential, So access to the database is strictly controlled. The confidentiality of the database managed by the owner is violated once others have access to the contents of the database. Thus, Problem is to check whether the database inserted with the tuple is still k-anonymous without letting the owner A and others (B) to know the content of the tuple and database respectively. In this paper, we propose a protocol solving this problem on suppression based k-anonymous and confidential database.
Adaptive visual saliency detection method via Hilbert-Huang Spectral Analysis

Visual saliency is largely determined by bottom-up factors that highlight image regions which are different from their surroundings. Based on the philosophy that exploits image information content as the metric of visual saliency, an adaptive visual saliency detection method(AVSDM) including Pixel Cluster, multi-scale Gaussian Pyramid Decomposition and Hilbert-Huang Spectral Analysis is proposed to measure the bottom-up factors in this paper. Saliency map is detected via non-redundant information based on shannon entropy theory. The method has a good performance in adaptively detecting tiny details as well as objects with complex background. Experiment results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art detection algorithms.
Spinal muscular atrophy: Development and implementation of potential treatments

In neurodegenerative disorders, effective treatments are urgently needed, along with methods to determine whether treatment worked. In this review, we discuss the rapid progress in the understanding of recessive proximal spinal muscular atrophy and how this is leading to exciting potential treatments of the disease. Spinal muscular atrophy is caused by loss of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene and reduced levels of SMN protein. The critical downstream targets of SMN deficiency that result in motor neuron loss are not known. However, increasing SMN levels has a marked impact in mouse models, and these therapeutics are rapidly moving toward clinical trials. Promising preclinical therapies, the varying degree of impact on the mouse models, and potential measures of treatment effect are reviewed. One key issue discussed is the variable outcome of increasing SMN at different stages of disease progression. Ann Neurol 2013;74:348–362
Current and Novel Electrical Generator Technology for Wave Energy Converters

Wave energy is currently an untapped resource, but has the potential to make a significant contribution to the energy mix. In order to use conventional electrical generators mechanical interfaces are used, such as hydraulic systems and air-turbines. With the electrical generator these interfaces are known as the electrical power take-off and the type used depends upon the wave energy device. A brief description of the different power take offs is provided to show how conventional rotary generators are used in wave devices. Both advantages and disadvantages are highlighted in the paper. Direct drive systems can overcome some of the disadvantages, but there are additional engineering challenges to overcome, in particular physical size and mass. Current and more novel direct machine topologies are discussed in the context of these challenges.
Introduction of Checklists at Daily Progress Notes Improves Patient Care Among the Gynecological Oncology Service

Objectives To evaluate the impact of the introduction of checklists at the daily progress note to improve patient care among gynecologic oncology patients. Methods A progress note incorporating checklists that were pertinent for our patient population was developed with input obtained from all staff involved on patients care. The form was approved by the hospital. The average length of stay, compliance with prophylactic guidelines (anticoagulation, peptic ulcer disease), reason for admission, and readmission rate were compared among the preimplementation and postimplementation periods. Results A total of 492 discharge summaries were evaluated through the study period (267 for the preimplementation period and 225 for the postimplementation period). The mean length of stay was of 4.46 days for the preimplementation and 3.46 days for the postimplementation period (P = 0.007). TEDs/SCDs were not used in 9.3% of the patients in the pre group versus 0.6% in the post group (P < 0.001). DVT prophylaxis was given to 30.1% of the pre group versus 34.8% of the post group (P = 0.0013). The administration of PUD prophylaxis also increased from 28.3% in the pre group to 40.2% of the post group (P < 0.001). There was a decrease in the nonsurgical admissions from 22.2% in the pre group versus 14.6% in the post group (P = 0.049). Conclusions The use of checklists in daily progress notes enhances patient care by improving the delivery of routine care that is often overlooked in the light of major medical issues.
Reverberant Microwave Propagation in Coupled Complex Cavities

A simple model for the analysis of microwave propagation in coupled complex cavities is presented. The cumulative build-up and full exchange of electromagnetic energy between coupled spaces are important issues for wireless systems in reverberant environments, such as below-deck compartments in ships and aircraft cabins and bays. Based on conservation of average energy in the steady state among multiple cavities, the general model formulation is valid for both strong and weak couplings between the cavities caused by window materials, open apertures, closed and open hatches, and cable/pipe penetrations through bulkheads. Application of the model is demonstrated in conjunction with measurements conducted in nested reverberation chambers in the laboratory and in the coupled main weapons bays of a fighter aircraft.
Overview and Future of Czech Wordnet

Czech Wordnet represents one of the national wordnets created during the EuroWordNet and Balkanet projects. However, the data contains various issues that affects the use of Czech Wordnet in NLP applications. Due to lack of resources, it was not possible to update Czech Wordnet thoroughly since the publication of the first version. In 2017, we have started a project to evaluate and update Czech Wordnet, followed by the connection to Collaborative Interlingual Index. This paper provides overview of various updates and extensions of the Czech Wordnet data, and presents the roadmap to publish revised version of Czech Wordnet under open license.
Risk-Adjusted Covered Interest Parity: Theory and Evidence

We extend the theory of covered interest parity (CIP), aligning the different risks involved in uncollateralized money market transactions and collateralized foreign exchange (FX) swap transactions, which underscore CIP deviations in times of elevated uncertainty. We postulate that the swap dealer behaves as if he tries to filter out the counterparty risk embedded in money market rates in pricing FX swaps. Our results suggest that he does so not only during turbulent times but also under normal market conditions. The extended theory also uncovers a simple way to disentangle counterparty and liquidity risk premiums embedded in money market rates.
The Effects of Common Ownership on Customer-Supplier Relationships

The increasing prevalence of institutional ownership of corporate equity creates many cases where two firms are owned by the same institutional investors. If these two firms have the ability to influence each other's profits, the presence of common owners can affect how the firms interact, since they share the goal of maximizing the wealth of the same owners. In this study, I address whether common ownership (defined as the extent to which firms are held by the same institutional investors) in customer firms and supplier firms strengthens supply chain relationships. I find common ownership increases the longevity of customer-supplier relationships. These results are stronger in cases where theory predicts the trade relationships are more likely to be plagued by supply chain frictions. Using an instrument constructed around a shock to common ownership due to a large mutual fund scandal in 2003, I find evidence that the relationship between common ownership and vertical relationship strength is causal.
Transient receptor potential channels in the inner ear: presence of transient receptor potential channel subfamily 1 and 4 in the guinea pig inner ear

Conclusion. The results of this study indicate that transient receptor potential subfamily 1 (TRPV1) may play a functional role in sensory cell physiology and that TRPV4 may be important for fluid homeostasis in the inner ear. Objective. To analyze the expression of TRPV1 and -4 in the normal guinea pig inner ear. Material and methods. Albino guinea pigs were used. The location of TRPV1 and -4 in the inner ear, i.e. cochlea, vestibular end organs and endolymphatic sac, was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry. Results. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of TRPV1 in the hair cells and supporting cells of the organ of Corti, in spiral ganglion cells, sensory cells of the vestibular end organs and vestibular ganglion cells. TRPV4 was found in the hair cells and supporting cells of the organ of Corti, in marginal cells of the stria vascularis, spiral ganglion cells, sensory cells, transitional cells, dark cells in the vestibular end organs, vestibular ganglion cells and epithelial cells of the endolymphatic sac.
The Wells Fargo Cross-Selling Scandal

In this Closer Look, we examine the tensions between corporate culture, financial incentives, and employee conduct as illustrated by the Wells Fargo cross-selling scandal. In 2016, Wells Fargo admitted that employees had opened as many as 2 million accounts without customer authorization over a five-year period. We discuss the factors that contributed to the scandal, the repercussions for the bank, and its response. We ask:• How did the company’s incentive system contribute to the scandal? • Would the system have worked better if coupled with additional metrics or controls? • What systems should have been put in place to identify and escalate potential problems earlier? • What steps should senior management have taken to better contain the fallout? • Is an inside or outside CEO successor better positioned to help the bank recover? • How do you maximize the positive contribution that incentives make to culture while minimizing potentially negative outcomes? The Stanford Closer Look series is a collection of short case studies through which we explore topics, issues, and controversies in corporate governance and executive leadership. In each study, we take a targeted look at a specific issue that is relevant to the current debate on governance and explain why it is so important. Larcker and Tayan are co-authors of the books “Corporate Governance Matters” and “A Real Look at Real World Corporate Governance. ”
Pulmonary disease associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis: current status of the host-bacterium interaction.

". perhaps the worst thing about cystic fibrosis is that it attracts a bacteria known as pseudomonas. The excessive, filthy mucus overwhelms the defense mechanisms in the lungs, so the pseudomonas bacteria colonize there. Pseudomonas is most common with cystic fibrosis, but it is also a threat to patients why have been severely burned, and it is found in the bloodstreams of certain types of cancer patients. Still, for all the research that has been done, there is as yet no antibiotic to deal with pseudomonas, and once it begins to march through the lungs, it multiplies with impunity and sweeps everything in its path. For any cystic fibrosis patient, pseudomonas is the harbinger of death. " [1]
The Relationship between Inventory Management and Productivity in Ghanaian Manufacturing Industries

Many firms consider inventory management as a basis through which companies can achieve competitive advantage in the market and increase customer satisfaction and internal productivity. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between inventory management practices and productivity at Guinness Brewery Ltd. A case study involving semi-structured questionnaires was conducted with workers at Guinness Brewery Ltd. A purposive sampling was used to select 60 workers. While the study found no significant relationship between inventory practices at Guinness Brewery Ltd. and productivity such that the inventory practices were not significantly related to productivity (p>0.05), the study maintains that it is not out of place that most studies confirm a relationship between inventory practices and productivity.
Treatment with the CC chemokine-binding protein Evasin-4 improves post-infarction myocardial injury and survival in mice

summary Chemokines trigger leukocyte trafficking and are implicated in cardiovascular disease pathophysiology. Chemokine-binding proteins, called “Evasins” have been shown to inhibit both CC and CXC chemokinemediated bioactivities. Here, we investigated whether treatment with Evasin-3 (CXC chemokine inhibitor) and Evasin-4 (CC chemokine inhibitor) could influence post-infarction myocardial injury and remodelling. C57Bl/6 mice were submitted in vivo to left coronary artery permanent ligature and followed up for different times (up to 21 days). After coronary occlusion, three intraperitoneal injections of 10 μg Evasin-3, 1 μg Evasin-4 or equal volume of vehicle (PBS) were performed at 5 minutes, 24 hours (h) and 48 h after ischaemia onset. Both anti-chemokine treatments were associated with the beneficial reduction in infarct size as compared to controls. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in post-infarction myocardial leukocyte infiltration, reactive oxygen species release, and circulating levels of CXCL1 and CCL2. Treatment with Evasin-4 induced a more potent effect, abrogating the inflammation already at one day after ischaemia onset. At days 1 and 21 after ischaemia onset, both anti-chemokine treatments failed to significantly improve cardiac function, remodelling and scar formation. At 21-day follow-up, mouse survival was exclusively improved by Evasin-4 treatment when compared to control vehicle. In conclusion, we showed that the selective inhibition of CC chemokines (i.e. CCL5) with Evasin-4 reduced cardiac injury/inflammation and improved survival. Despite the inhibition of CXC chemokine bioactivities, Evasin-3 did not affect mouse survival. Therefore, early inhibition of CC chemokines might represent a promising therapeutic approach to reduce the development of post-infarction heart failure in mice.
The effect of corporate governance on financial performance of Microfinance banks in Kenya

x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background to the Study . 1 1.1.1 Corporate Governance . 2 1.1.2 Financial Performance . 4 1.1.3 Relationship between Corporate Governance and Financial Performance . 5 1.1.4 Micro-finance Banks in Kenya . 6 1.2 Research Problem . 7 1.3 Research Objective . 10 1.4 Value of the study . 10 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 12 2.