Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Radiosensitizing Capabilities of Target-Specific Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the Radiotherapy of Glioblastoma

The present dissertation, developed at Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (IST, Lisbon), intended to evaluate the irradiation effects of 60Co beam source on gliobastoma multiforme cell lines in which gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are dispersed. In order to study the effect of lower energy on AuNPs and compare results with 60Co energy also a 50 kVp χ-ray beam was considered in this work. The major aim was to computationally investigate the dose enhancement effects (DEF) due to the gold used as radiosensitizer varying different parameters such as the cell size, the source beam and the location of the AuNPs in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm of the cell. Towards this goal, the present work proposes to evaluate the dose enhancement factor in the nanometers and micrometers range surrounding the gold nanoparticles. In the first part, the validation of the model is performed by evaluating the energy deposition and the DEF due to the AuNPs presence. Secondly, a sensitivity study was performed for 60Co and 50 kVp χ-ray irradiation in order to assess the effect, on energy deposition, of the lack of electronic equilibrium in the several irradiation setups. Finally, based on previous experiments done on T98G cell line and on the validation and sensitivity study part, the concentration study is performed considering a constant cluster internalization of AuNPs of 30% located in the nucleus or cytoplasm for four different cell size. The results show that the lack of electronic equilibrium could take to DEF overestimation that should be considered in modelling studies. Also, it is possible to maximize the dose enhancement factor in the first 100 nm around the AuNPs cluster located in the nucleus obtaining an average DEF of 1.96 and 152 for 60Co and 50 kVp χ-ray respectively. Instead, for a cluster of AuNPs located in the cytoplasm the DEF decrease of one order of magnitude, respect the nucleus concentration, for 50 kVp χ-ray, with an almost linear shape for the MeV energy (i.e. 60Co) whereas a DEF peak in the first 100 nm of nucleus and cytoplasm are detected using 50 kVp χ-ray source and with a rapid decrease in the micrometers range, seeming to reach an asymptotic value after the first micrometer. In summary, the work described in this dissertation demonstrated and confirm the advantage of the use of gold nanoparticles as radiosentizers to enhance the dose delivered to cancer cells, and contribute to a preliminary definition of an irradiation strategy to follow in order to maximize the DEF. Coupling the simulation results with future experiments will be fundamental to understand the biological effect using different energy sources and with different AuNPs cluster concentrations.
Final Report 2007 PHYSICS-BASED SIMULATION OF EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCE IN FAULT SYSTEMS

Introduction This project began in 2005. Postdoctoral researcher Keith Richards-Dinger joined the project in 2006. Project goals were to develop a large-scale 3D physics-based earthquake simulator for a) investigation of earthquake processes in geometrically complex fault systems, and b) use with the SCEC community fault model to simulate of earthquake occurrence and deformation in southern California, and to evaluate earthquake probabilities.
ESTIMATION OF THE MEAN VECTOR OF A MULTIVARIATE NORMAL MODEL UNDER REFLECTED NORMAL LOSS

For estimating an unknown mean vector-parameter θ in a multivariate normal population, we propose the unrestricted, restricted and preliminary test estimators and derive their exact risk expressions under a modified reflected normal loss function. This approach is an extension to the work of Giles [2002. PreliminaryTest and Bayes Estimation of A Location Parameter Under Reflected Normal Loss, in Ullah, A. and Chaturvedi, A, Handbook of Applied Econometrics and Statistical Inference, Marcel Decker, New York, 287-303]. Comparison are then made for more clarity of the behavior of the estimators.
Molecular characterization of soil-borne virusesinfecting sugar beet in Europe and USA

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV, Benyvirus) is the causal agent of rhizomania disease. BNYVV and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus (BSBMV, Benyvirus) share high similarity in their genome organisation. These viruses as well as Beet virus Q (BVQ, Pomovirus) and Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV, Pomovirus) are vectored by the plasmodiophorid Polymyxa betae. BNYVV P25 protein has been reported to be associated with the development of rhizomania disease, thus being a virulence factor of the virus. Recently, resistance breaking isolates of BNYVV have been reported in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Additionally, BSBMV has been observed in USA in the fields where BNYVV is not present. In order to understand the dynamics of the viruses associated with rhizomania in the crop, sugar beet plants were baited with soils containing P. betae from USA, the Netherlands, Germany, France and Sweden. BNYVV, BSBMV, BVQ and BSBV were detected by RT-PCR from total RNA isolated from root tissue of the plants. P. betae was detected in samples from all the soils, as well as BSBV. BNYVV was detected in all the samples except for root samples growing in soils from USA, which only showed presence of BSBMV. BVQ was only detected in samples from German, Dutch and Swedish soils. Amino acid sequences of the 'tetrads' of the BNYVV P25 protein from isolates from Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, and France were found to have the following amino acid sequences: AYHR, AYHR, AYPR and SYHG, respectively. These differences in the tetrad sequence of P25 might be associated with the resistance breaking events by the BNYVV isolates from the Dutch soil, which need further study. Amplifications of full-length RNA 2 of BSBMV revealed the presence of additional RNA species. These species appeared to represent chimeric RNAs characterized by the presence of complete RNA 2 ORF for the coat protein in the 5’-terminus fused to the 3'-untranslated region of either RNA 3 or RNA 4. The presence and accumulation of chimeric RNAs were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Notably, the levels of chimeric RNAs were up to 20-fold higher as compared to accumulation of BSBMV RNA 2. The influence of the chimeric RNAs on the expression of viral symptoms and accumulation of BSBMV remains to be studied.
LASER EXPERIMENT TO STUDY RADIATIVE SHOCKS RELEVANT TO ASTROPHYSICS

We present results of recent laboratory experiments on radiative shocks in xenon at low pressure. The shocks are generated with the high energy, sub-nanosecond laser at PALS, European facility. The main diagnostic consists of instantaneous imaging of the whole shock structure using an X-ray laser at 21.2 nm. The shock timing is also analyzed with time-and-space resolved plasma self-emission using high speed diodes. The achieved shock velocities near 50 kms−1 are sufficient to generate a radiative shock characterized by the development of a radiative precursor.
On the Inferential Confidence Intervals for Pairwise Comparisons

Riassunto: Negli ultimi anni si è diffuso l’impiego di grafici che rappresentano, secondo la definizione di Tryon (2001), intervalli di confidenza inferenziali. Le due procedure più note di costruzione di tali intervalli per confronti tra medie sono quelle di Goldstein e Healy (1995) e dello stesso Tryon (2001). Nel presente lavoro si propone una procedura basata sulla distribuzione t usata da Welch (1938) e la si compara tramite simulazione, nel caso di due popolazioni normali con varianze ignote e due campioni indipendenti, con le procedure usuali. Si ottiene che, per numerosità piccole o moderate, solo la procedura derivata da Welch ha ampiezza effettiva prossima a quella nominale.
Molecular docking studies of aloe vera for their potential antibacterial activity using Argus lab 4 . 0 . 1

Antibiotic resistance is an earnest and progressive phenomenon in coeval medicine and has emerged as one of the supreme public health concerns in current scenario. The use of alternative medicines practiced for years and remained as constituent part of many cultural and technological developments around globe. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera (L) via molecular docking studies using 17 phytoconstituents already reported in multifarious scientific reports i.e. acemannan, aloe emodin, aloesin, aloin A, aloin B or isobarbaloin, anthracene, anthranol or anthranol benzoate, auxin or 3 indoleacetate, campesterol, chrysophanic acid, dermatan 4 sulphate, dermatan 6 sulphate, emodin or archin, hyaluronic acid, lupeol, salicylic acid and sitosterol beta against the rate limiting enzyme involved in cell wall synthesis of bacteria i.e. glucosamine 6 phosphate synthase respectively. The docking procedure was carried out using ArgusLab 4.0. 1 and post docking analysis was carried out by using PyMOL molecular viewer. Among the ligands screened sitosterol beta, campesterol and anthracene showed highest binding energy i.e. -12.419, -11.764 and -11.038 with better inhibition properties respectively. From the current insilico studies, it can be concluded that the above three drugs showed good binding energy and druggish property. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation and isolation of constituents is required for in vitro and in vivo studies.
A FUZZY SET APPROACH TO ESTIMATING OD MATRICES IN CONGESTED BRAZILIAN TRAFFIC NETWORKS

In this paper we describe a new method for estimating origin–destination (OD) matrices for congested urban traﬃc networks. It is assumed that the input data includes incomplete, imprecise estimates of: link counts, trip table entries, numbers of departures from origins and numbers of arrivals at destinations. The method is based on a sequence of fuzzy linear programs and is designed especially for the particular characteristics of medium-to-large Brazilian cities. When there doesn’t exist a user–equilibrium traﬃc assignment that corresponds to the input data, the method provides a range of traﬃc assignments and their related OD matrices, within the spectrum of (i) satisfaction of the inputted estimates and (ii) a user–equilibrium assignment. The method has been tested on two numerical examples, one proposed by the authors and the other a classic one from the literature.
High viscosity preparative chromatography for food applications

The strength of chromatography lies in the ability of fine-tuning recovery for specific target components or fractions of interest. A downside of industrial chromatography is the need to dilute streams, as it is often applied today. This article challenges the conventional low concentration of input streams and investigates size exclusion chromatography at concentrated streams of high viscosity. Chromatographic operation with concentrated streams leads to an increased pressure drop over the column and decreased mass transfer kinetics, but also lower volumes compared to diluted streams. The objective of this research was to investigate separation performance and system dimensions as a function of viscosity for food type streams, in scenarios where viscosity is not caused by target components. Disadvantages due to increased stream volume with decreasing concentration and benefits due to decreased viscosity were evaluated, aiming to find minimal column volume. Separation performance was evaluated for a range of target components in a preparative lab-scale system using a size exclusion resin and mobile phase viscosities in the range of 1.2–8.7 mPa⋅s. Mobile phases were viscosified through addition of sucrose, glycerol, or dextran. Change in mass transfer resistance, measured via van Deemter curves, was related to the change in diffusivity through viscosity. The analysis of different viscosifying agents emphasized the influence of viscosity inside the pores, rather than viscosity of the bulk phase. The viscosity inside the pores was calculated via the partition coefficient of each viscosifying agent. Based on the slopes of van Deemter curves, column dimensions were calculated for different scenarios, assuming a non-compressible stationary phase. Column volume remained constant with stream dilution from 8.7 mPa⋅s down to about 2.5 mPa⋅s. However, at the same time column geometry changed to thinner and longer columns with decreasing viscosity, in order to accommodate throughput and pressure drop. When diluting to even lower viscosities, column volume increased, since stream viscosity is less sensitive to stream concentration at the low viscosity range. These results are relevant to a wide range of industries utilizing weak interaction chromatography, especially those where the main driver of process development is cost reduction and where a trade-off between purity, yield, and costs has to be made.
Microglial direct contacts with synapses enhance synaptic activities in awake mice

3 Introduction.7 Materials and Methods.9 Results.14 Part 1 Microglia promote the synchronization of local network activity triggered by motor learning task.14 Part 2 Microglia directly make contact with synapses to enhance synaptic activity.21 Discussion.23 Acknowledgements.27 References.28 Figure and Figure Legends.34
Measure inhibitor binding to non-activated kinases LanthaScreen Eu Kinase Binding Assay

Kinase activity assays are cost-effective and widely used to drive early drug discovery and lead identification efforts. However, activity-based assays are limited in that they are suitable only for identification and characterization of compounds that bind to active (e.g., phosphorylated) forms of a kinase. Thus, such methods are not well suited to study compounds such as imatinib (Gleevec®) that bind preferentially to the non-activated (dephosphorylated) state of Abl [1]. Targeting a nonactivated state may be preferential for multiple reasons. For example, higher selectivity is observed for some compounds that preferentially bind to non-activated states due to interactions with less conserved residues that are only exposed in the non-active state. Targeting a non-activated state may also be beneficial because there is less competition from intracellular ATP and it may give the researcher the ability to discover novel chemotypes.
Adaptive Simulation with Virtual Prototypes for RISC-V: Switching Between Fast and Accurate at Runtime

Recently, Virtual Prototypes (VPs) were introduced for the emerging RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and become an important part of the growing RISC-V ecosystem. A central component of the VP is the Instruction Set Simulator (ISS). VPs should provide a high performance and at the same time yield accurate results, which are conflicting requirements. To tackle this problem, we present an efficient VP-based adaptive simulation that is tailored for the RISC-VISA and allows to seamlessly switch the accuracy setting in the ISS at runtime. This enables to selectively simulate the application as fast as possible and as accurate as necessary. In this paper we focus on the performance impact of different accuracy settings and leave the evaluation of accuracy results for future work. Our RISC-V experiments demonstrate that up-to 543x speed-up is possible with a JIT-based setting in the ISS.
Modeling Water Flow and Phosphorus Sorption in a Soil Amended with Sewage Sludge and Olive Pomace as Compost or Biochar

Organic amendments are often reported to improve soil properties, promote plant growth, and improve crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the biochar and compost produced from sewage sludge and olive pomace on soil hydraulic properties, water flow, and P transport (i.e., sorption) using numerical modeling (HYDRUS-1D) applied to two soil types (Terra Rosa and Rendzina). Evaporation and leaching experiments on soil cores and repacked soil columns were performed to determine the soil water retention, hydraulic conductivity, P leaching potential, and P sorption capacity of these mixtures. In the majority of treatments, the soil water retention showed a small increase compared to the control soil. A reliable fit with the modified van Genuchten model was found, which was also confirmed by water flow modeling of leaching experiments (R2 0.99). The results showed a high P sorption in all the treatments (Kd 21.24 to 53.68 cm3 g−1), and a high model reliability when the inverse modeling procedure was used (R2 0.93–0.99). Overall, adding sewage sludge or olive pomace as compost or biochar improved the Terra Rosa and Rendzina water retention and did not increase the P mobility in these soils, proving to be a sustainable source of carbon and P-rich materials.
ESTRÉS OXIDATIVO EN PECES INDUCIDO POR CONTAMINANTES AMBIENTALES

Awide variety of environmental pollutants are capable of inducing oxidative stress. This has received increasing interest in the field of aquatic toxicology in the last decade. Evidence suggests that pollutants in aquatic environments play an important role in the mechanistic aspects of oxidative damage in aquatic species, leading to adverse effects such as cellular damage associated to carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. The imbalance between the genera­tion and the neutralization of free radicals and other reactive oxygen species by antioxidant mechanisms whitin an organism is called oxidative stress. This review summarizes current knowledge and advances in the understanding of such deleterious processes and the role of antioxidant defenses in fishes.
LÖVÉSZ ZÁSZLÓALJ KAPCSOLATI RENDSZEREINEK VIZSGÁLATA HÁLÓZATELEMZÉSI MÓDSZEREKKEL 1. RÉSZ

Korunk információs társadalmának vívmányai komoly kihívások elé állították a haderőt is. A vezetésszervezés részét képező döntési ciklusok illetve az információfeldolgozás ideje drasztikusan lecsökkent. A hadviselő felek közül az információs uralmat kialakító fél vezetési fölényhez juthat. Ezen új típusú gondolkodásmód hívta életre a hálózat központú hadviselés rendszerét. Mint minden hálózat a katonai hálózatok is jól vizsgálhatók matematikai módszerekkel. A 2000-es éveket követően komoly hálózatelemzési matematikai modellek születtek, amelyek ismeretében kézenfekvő ezen módszerekkel elemezni a Magyar Honvédség alakulatait a hálózat centrikus műveleti térben. Kutatásaimban önhasonló alakzatokat (fraktálszerű képződményeket) és skálafüggetlen hálózatokat keresek egy lövész zászlóalj függelmi kapcsolati rendszerében. Jelen publikáció egy folytatásos cikksorozat első része.
LAGRANGIAN 4-PLANES IN HOLOMORPHIC SYMPLECTIC

We classify the cohomology classes of Lagrangian 4-planes P in a smooth manifold X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of 4 points on a K3 surface, up to the monodromy action. Classically, the Mori cone of effective curves on a K3 surface S is generated by nonnegative classes C, for which (C,C) ≥ 0, and nodal classes C, for which (C,C) = −2; Hassett and Tschinkel conjecture that the Mori cone of a holomorphic symplectic variety X is similarly controlled by “nodal” classes C such that (C,C) = −γ, for (·, ·) now the Beauville–Bogomolov form, where γ classifies the geometry of the extremal contraction associated to C. In particular, they conjecture that for X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of n points on a K3 surface, the class C = ` of a line in a smooth Lagrangian n-plane P must satisfy (`, `) = − 2 . We prove the conjecture for n = 4 by computing the ring of monodromy invariants on X, and showing there is a unique monodromy orbit of Lagrangian 4-planes.
gmC Continuous Wavelet Transform circuit for portable EEG systems

This paper presents a low power, low voltage and low frequency bandpass filter implementation of a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) for use with physiological signals in the Electroencephalogram (EEG) range (1–150 μV, 1–70 Hz bandwidth). Experimental results are presented for a 1 V, 7 order gmC filter based CWT with filter centre frequencies ranging from 1–64 Hz. Low power and low frequency operation is achieved by biasing the transconductor transistors at low current levels in the deep weak inversion region. The resulting increased mismatch and reduced bandwidth are compensated for at the topology level. The filter has a 43 dB dynamic range and a 60 pW power consumption. This power consumption is three orders of magnitude lower than existing CWT implementations and assessed via a suitable figure of merit the performance is better than all considered bandpass filters. The improvement in the state-of-the-art originates from the close integration of the application requirements, CWT theory, bandpass filter design theory, and low transconductance transconductor design. These topics are described in detail.
THE ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF E-HEALTH LITERACY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: AN AGENDA FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

As a promising area in healthcare research, electronic health (e-health) has received more research attention recently. The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a proposed conceptual framework for digital health literacy. This conceptual framework is planned as a guide for future studies to use and validated as a foundation for quantitative studies to investigate the e-Health Literacy as perceived by citizens in Asia amid the outback of the world’s high-risk pandemic crisis such as Coronavirus (Covid19). This conceptual analysis applied Technology Acceptance Model as a basis to develop the antecedents of a healthy lifestyle among the citizens of Asian countries. This conceptual paper proposed that Information quality, system quality, and service quality will affect the citizens’ perceived ease of use and their perceived usefulness, which can affect their intention to use e-health and consequently results in a healthy lifestyle among the citizens. This conceptual paper submitted research hypotheses that will be a basis for future researches in Asia and if the framework is validated, recommendations will be offered to various stakeholders on how to improve a healthy lifestyle in Asia. Specifically, the proposed conceptual framework if validated will help policymakers to offer positive policies and procedures for the improvement of thriving healthcare industries in Asia.
Abstract — A universal technique was developed for analysis of SAW and boundary waves (BW) in Piezoelectric/Metal/ Dielectric structures with uniform metal film sandwiched between piezoelectric substrate and dielectric overlay, and dielectric overlay thi

A universal technique was developed for analysis of SAW and boundary waves (BW) in Piezoelectric/Metal/ Dielectric structures with uniform metal film sandwiched between piezoelectric substrate and dielectric overlay, and dielectric overlay thickness varying between zero and infinite value. This technique was applied to 128°YX LN with Cu and silica glass films. For each mode propagating in this structure, continuous transformation of the wave polarization and distribution of its energy along the vertical axis were analyzed as functions of metal and dielectric film thickness. The found dependences reveal the mechanisms of wave transformation from SAW to BW.