Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Avaliação de conjuntos de características no reconhecimento de palavras manuscritas.

Este trabalho apresenta, urna avaliacao comparativa de conjuntos de caracteristicas utilizados no reconhecimento de palavras manuscritas. O principal objetivo 6 determinar um conjunto otimo de caracteristicas que representem as palavras referentes aos nomes dos meses do ano e extender as conclusoes obtidas para outras aplicacoes. Neste intuito foi desenvolvido um sistema classificador neural de referencia,, que 6 usado na determinacao do desempenho das caracteristicas avaliadas. Tres tipos de caracteristicas sao analisadas: caracteristicas perceptivas, direcionais e topologicas. A avaliacao mostra que considerando os conjuntos de forma, isolada, o conjunto de caracteristicas perceptivas produz os melhores resultados para o dicionario em questao. Estes resultados sao melhorados quando os conjuntos de caracteristicas e o sistema de referencia sao combinados com outro classificador, numa abordagem hibrida, obtendo uma laxa de reconhecimento media de 90.4%.
A comparative study of different solutions to the path-tracking problem for an articulated vehicle

This paper compares different strategies for the control of a 2-body articulated vehicle moving backward along a circular path. Some of these strategies have been recently developed by the authors in a nonlinear framework by exploiting feedback linearization and Lyapunov based techniques. A number of meaningful simulation experiments allow one to classify the relative merits and limitations of the considered control laws.
Agricultural adaptation strategies to climate change in Sokoto state, Semi-arid region of Nigeria

Unfolding environmental strains, especially due to climate change have continued to prompt local farmers to search for coping strategies within the constraints of limited resources. This paper investigated the agricultural adaptation strategies to climate change in some selected rural settlements in Sokoto State. A sample size of 234 respondents was used in this study. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the local farmers’ agricultural adaptation strategies. The variations of the strategies among the selected settlements were examined using chi-squared and zscore while the prevalence of each of the strategies was ranked using simple percentages. The results, among others, revealed that with the exception of the combination of farming with non-farm livelihoods, the strategies vary significantly among the selected settlements. This implies that the variation of agricultural adaptation to climate change is a function of the uneven distribution of natural and socio-economic resources. It is recommended that efforts toward complementing local farmers’ strategies should be place-specific taking into consideration the spatial variations of environmental and socio-economic resources. Key words : Agriculture, Adaptation strategies, climate change, Sokoto and Nigeria
Evaluation of Existing Sensor Ontologies to Support Capturing of Construction Field Data with Data Acquisition Technologies

Advanced data acquisition (DAQ) technologies, such as smart tags, laser scanners and embedded sensors promise to collect accurate, complete, and timely field data, which is essential to increase the control of construction projects. However, since different DAQ technologies have different capabilities, which are meant to collect different types of data that come with different data processing requirements, construction professionals end up making ad-hoc decisions on which technologies to use in order to capture the required field data. To enable the capture of construction field data in a formal way via mapping required field data to applicable DAQ tools, we identified an initial set of representation requirements for modeling DAQ tools. Based on these requirements, we evaluated and compared relevant sensor ontologies. The limitations and capabilities of relevant sensor ontologies are described in this paper. This evaluation revealed that for the mapping process, there is no single ontology that can be used in its original form to represent DAQ tools. Hence, a representation schema, which builds on various aspects of existing ontologies, has been developed.
Separated Modeling of Speaker Dependent and Independent Vocal Characteristics for Text-Independent Speaker Verification

This study proposes an approach to model a speaker's voice by assuming that the voice can be decomposed into a speaker-dependent (SD) component and a speaker-independent (SI) component. Using the Universal Background Model (UBM) to approximate the characteristics of the SI component, we derive the SD component by finding the optimal combination of the two models that matches the given speech data. Results of the experiments conducted using the 2001 NIST speaker recognition evaluation corpus demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over the conventional speaker verification based on GMM-UBM.
Visual Search Strategies of baseball batters during the preparatory phase of batting

本研究では野球の打撃において, 打者が投手の投球動作から視覚情報を得る準備時間相に注目し, 熟練打者と非熟練打者の眼球運動から視覚探索活動における有効なストラテジーについて考察した. 特にライブ状況でのフィールド実験により, 実践的な場面における周辺視特性の活用について考察を行った. 熟練者グループとして大学野球部員, 非熟練者グループとして一般の大学生が実験に参加した. 被験者は実際に打席に立ち, 投手による投球を観察し, その際の眼球運動が計測された. その結果, 熟練者の視線配置分布は非熟練者のものと比べ狭い範囲に及んでいた. 特に熟練者は投球動作を予測して投球腕が振られるであろう位置にあらかじめ視線を固定させ, 投球腕の肘近辺を中心に視支点を置き, 網膜の周辺部分で投手像全体を捉えて, 投球動作から動的な情報を効率よく収集する体系的な視覚探索ストラテジーを用いていることが確認された.
Bilgi Gereksinimi ve Bilgi Arama Davranışı

Bilgi gereksinimi insanin zihinsel gereksinimlerinden birisidir. Bilgi gereksinimi sonucta bilgi arama davranisini ortaya cikarmakta ve bu iki kavram birbirini tamamlamaktadir. Bilgi gereksinimi ve bilgi arama davranisi pek cok faktorden etkilenmektedir. Etkili bilgi merkezleri ve hizmetleri kurabilmek icin bu faktorlerin bilinmesi gerekmektedir.
Feature grouping in moving objects

We address the problem of grouping points or features common to a single object. In this paper we consider the processing of a sequence of two-dimensional orthogonal projections of a three-dimensional scene containing an unknown number of independently-moving rigid objects. We describe a computationally inexpensive algorithm that can determine the number of bodies and which points belong to which body. <<ETX>>
Effect of gamma irradiation on seed germination and chromosomal behaviour at meiotic division in bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Meiosis was studied in control and seed-irradiated progenies of Triticum aestivum in order to understand the effects of gamma irradiations on chromosomal behavior during meiotic division. The main chromosomal aberrations were stickiness, precocious separations, univalents, multivalents, unoriented bivalents, laggards, bridges, fragments, disturbed polarity, unequal separations of chromosomes and micronuclei. The stickiness, stray bivalents and multivalents at metaphase, laggards, bridges and fragments at anaphase/telophase were the dominant anomalies. The degree of occurrence of all these meiotic abnormalities essentially coincided with the increase in the treatment of gamma irradiations. These chromosomal aberrations also affected the qualitative composition of postmeiotic products, i.e. tetrads and pollen grains. The effect of gamma rays on chiasma frequency and pollen fertility was also studied in which dose dependent decrease was clearly noticeable. Moreover, higher doses (25kR-50kR) markedly decreased seed germination whereas lower dose (5kR-20kR) showed no significant effect (P<0.01) on the germination percentage with respect to the control.
Minimizing resource access and management disparities between desktop and Web applications

Client applications, including both traditional desktop applications and modern Web applications, typically access and manage resources in order to perform their intended work. Unfortunately both approaches lack something the other has when it comes to resource access and management. Desktop applications typically do not provide enough security for resources to prevent malicious abuse of them. While operating systems provide access-control lists, they do not help facilitate enforcing the Principle of Least Privilege to minimize insecure resource access. Web applications, while they operate in a sandboxed environment which provides the necessary resource access restrictions, do not have a rich API for data storage management. While HTML5 provides two primitive APIs for a developer to use to manage stored data, neither approach allows for storing data in an object-oriented manner that a developer is used to. This thesis addresses the question of ”can these two shortcomings in resource access and management be overcome in order to lessen the technological gap between desktop applications and Web applications? ” For desktop applications an approach using aspect-oriented software design has been created which adds enforcement of the Principle of Least Privilege by using I/O to dynamically choose what resource permissions to grant the application. I show that this approach can tie into Java applications with rich user interaction and I/O to control resource access while providing a way for third-parties to provide the security code for auditing purposes. For Web applications, a library has been designed which introduces automatic object persistence to JavaScript without requiring any modifications of the browser. I show that my library is able to persist a thousand objects without a user-perceptible impact on application performance, all while having minimal requirements placed upon the developer to use the library.
Design of high-power, high-efficiency 60-GHz MMICs using an improved nonlinear PHEMT model

This work describes the design and nonlinear modeling of two V-band monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifiers using a nonlinear high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) model developed specifically for very short gate length pseudomorphic HEMTs (PHEMTs). Both circuits advance the state-of-the-art of V-band power MMIC performance. The first, a single-ended design, produced 293 mW of output power with a record 26% power-added efficiency (PAE) and 9.9 dB of power gain at 62.5 GHz when measured on-wafer. The second MMIC, a balanced design with on-chip input and output Lange couplers for power combining, generated a record 564 mW of output power (27.5 dBm) with 21% PAE and 9.8 dB power gain. The MMIC's are passivated, thinned to 2 mils, and down-biased to 4.5 V for high reliability space applications. These excellent first-pass MMIC results are attributed to the use of an optimized 0.1-//spl mu/m PHEMT cell structure and a design based on millimeter-wave on-wafer device characterization, together with a new and very accurate large signal analytical FET model developed for 0.1-//spl mu/m PHEMTs.
Principles of voice production

Basic Anatomy of the Larynx. Biomechanics of Laryngeal Tissue. Fluid Flow in Respiratory Airways (Breathing). Vocal Fold Oscillation. Generation and Propagation of Sound. The Source-Filter Theory of Vowels. Voice Classification and Life Span Changes. Control of Fundamental Frequency. Control of Vocal Intensity and Efficiency. Vocal Registers. Fluctuations and Perturbations in Vocal Output. Voice Disorders.
Characterizing online communities with their "signals"

In order to analyze the heterogeneity of individual and collective online behaviors, we develop a methodology based on online signals. Modeling as a power law the distribution of time intervals between successive revisions of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia, either by an individual user or on an article, we show that part of the heterogeneity of the characteristic parameters of these distributions can be explained: for individual users, by their focus and multitasking behaviors, and, for articles, by different coordination regimes.
Prediction of blood demands in a hospital

In this paper we describe the use of genetic programming for the prediction of blood demands. As blood bags for Hospitals are provided by blood banks on demand, predicting the needed amount of those should be as precise as possible. In order to achieve such an accurate prediction we have used genetic programming for data based modeling in order to find a mathematical model which predicts the blood bag demand of a hospital. This model should allow the hospital to minimize storage costs and the probability of running out of certain types of blood bags. In addition to the anonymized patient data provided by the General Hospital Linz, Austria we have also considered supplemental data such as weather and historical data such as the blood demand of the last few days which might lead to a more accurate model.
A game-based learning approach to increase female participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields

The game Sorceress of Seasons was developed to teach fundamental concepts of python programming to middle school students with the goal of increasing enthusiasm in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields, especially for middle school female students. Currently there is a significant lack of professionals in STEM fields in the United States. Specifically, women are underrepresented in STEM fields, despite making up half of the workforce. Career interests are often developed in the middle school years; thus increase the pool of STEM professionals, , it is necessary to spark interest in STEM at an early age. A Game based learning (GBL) approach was used to increase interest in STEM for middle school females. GBL is an effective approach as it utilizes gameplay with educational content to create and engaging environment where students can practice concepts in a real world context. However, computer and video games have historically portrayed females in stereotypical and unhelpful ways. As a result many of female gamers hesitate to play certain games, experience negative gaming experiences when they do play certain games, and this detracts from the number of female gamers. Thus before any game could be developed, first developed game design requirements that would result in games that are welcoming to females as well as effective in its learning goals. Based on these requirements, the game Sorceress of Seasons (SOS) was developed to teach the concepts of variables, lists (arrays), and if statements. The game was then assessed with a group of middle school students in an evaluation. The goal of the evaluation was to verify that the requirements created a game that was welcoming to females, that the game was effective
An enhanced wavelet-based scheme for near lossless satellite image compression

An enhanced wavelet-based compression scheme for satellite image is proposed in this paper. The Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) presented a recommendation which utilizes the wavelet transform and the bit plane coder for satellite image compression. The bit plane coder used in the CCSDS recommendation encodes the coefficient block of bit planes one by one and then truncates the unnecessary bit plane coefficient blocks. By this way, the contexts of bit planes are not considered as the redundancy embedded data which may be compressed further. The proposed scheme uses a bit plane extractor to parse the differences of the original image data and its wavelet transformed coefficients. The output of bit plane extractor will be encoded by a run-length coder and will be sent to the communication channel with the CCSDS compressed data. Comparing with the recommendation of CCSDS, under a reasonable complexity, the subjective quality of the image will maintained or even better. In addition, the bit-rate can be further decreased from 85% to 95% of the CCSDS image compression recommendation at the similar objective quality level. By using the lower bit rate lossy mode compression and bit plane compensation, it is possible to obtain lower bit rate and higher quality image than which the higher bit rate lossy mode compression can achieve.
An Effective Method for Data Analysis Using Curve Fitting

In the last a few decades, there has been growing interest in systems which deal with large amounts of data. In practice, there is a need for analyzing the data so that useful information can be extracted. And people have implemented a lot of systems for this purpose. In this paper, we propose a new approach for data analysis. This new method is based on curve fitting. We conduct some experiments and show that this new approach is good for data analysis and can produce very desirable results.
NDOF Simulation Model for Flight Control Development with Flight Test Correlation

traditional design constraints. One such issue is the coupling of an aircraft’s rigid body dynamics and structural modes that can result in issues ranging from poor flying qualities to a phenomenon known as Body Freedom Flutter (BFF). This phenomenon was first seen over five decades ago and is significant in vehicles with low tail volume and high aspect ratio wings or with a high fineness ratio fuselage. When encountered in flight, BFF can lead to divergent oscillations and catastrophic destruction of the aircraft. The solution to BFF often results in too much of a compromise in some areas of the aircraft design. In previous cases where BFF existed within the flight envelope, additional structure was added at the expense of performance. In other cases, BFF has been avoided by limiting the vehicle’s flight envelope. A possible alternative solution of active suppression has been forwarded that holds the promise of a full flight envelope and reduced structural weight. To assist the development of active flutter suppression the Flight Controls and Flutter communities must work together and develop a common language and methodology. This is important in the modeling of the vehicle so that control systems can be properly developed. This paper discusses the development of an Integrated Flight and Aeroelastic Control (IFAC) Integrated Product Team (IPT). The paper describes the modeling used by the IFAC IPT to develop the vehicle dynamic model and how the model was validated and correlated through ground and flight test.
Potensi pupuk organik bio albilinn dalam mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum sp.)

Tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum sp.) mudah dikembangkan di Indonesia, namun kendala yang dijumpai beberapa tahun terakhir adalah terjadinya kenaikan harga cabai dan faktor hama penyakit menyerang tanaman cabai. Dengan adanya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tanaman cabai rawit dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk organik. Pupuk organik yang diberikan adalah pupuk organik cair Bio Albilinn yang terbuat dari rempah-rempah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen sebanyak 10 bibit dengan media tanah. Analisis data menggunakan uji t berpasangan yaitu menguji kondisi tanaman sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Biol Albilinn. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan adanya perbedaan signifikan ukuran panjang akar, batang, dan daun cabai rawit sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dengan diperoleh t hitung tinggi batang (8,474), lebar daun (5,04), dan panjang akar (8,694) > t tabel (1,833). Temuan hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik ini dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman dan kualitas buah cabai rawit.
Experimental Analysis of UDP Performance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks with Different Routing Protocols and varying payload

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of UDP over various routing protocols in ad hoc networks. For this investigation we have chosen three routing schemes, DSDV, DSR and AODV and four network scenarios of 4, 8, 16 and 32 nodes of various node mobility speeds. Results are produced by evaluating throughput and end to end packet delay over the UDP connection through simulation experiments.
The information simplicity of scoring rules

Voters assign a score to each of the many available alternatives. We study the normativeproperties of procedures that aggregate the scores collected in the ballot box. A vast class ofaggregation procedures, including procedures based on the pairwise comparison of alternatives,satisfy May''s famous conditions in our framework. We prove that, within such a plethora ofprocedures, scoring rules are singled out by a property related to their informational simplicity:in order to determine the winner, they do not take into account the specific distribution ofscores chosen by each voter. The result is shown to hold regardless of the introduction ofasymmetry among the alternatives.
A 60-GHz Four-Element Beam-Tapering Phased-Array Transmitter With a Phase-Compensated VGA in 65-nm CMOS

This paper reports a 60-GHz four-element beam-tapering phased-array transmitter with a lower sidelobe level (SLL). The array factor and the error vector magnitude (EVM) were calculated to explain the low sidelobe characteristic of a nonuniform amplitude array and to emphasize the importance of phase compensation, respectively. The phase-compensated radio frequency (RF) variable gain amplifiers (VGAs) were proposed to compensate the gain variance of phase shifters and, simultaneously, excite the nonuniform amplitude to each array element. The proposed VGA improves the relative phase error by 2° and the OP1dB by 2.4 dB within a gain control range of 5 dB, compared to the current steering without any compensation. Implemented in a commercial 65-nm CMOS process, the integrated array chip displays an root-mean-square (rms) gain error of <0.53 dB and an rms phase error of <8.8° in the frequency range of 57–66 GHz, while consuming a dc power of 403.2 mW and occupying a chip area of 2.88 mm2. The fabricated array was integrated with a $1 \times 4$ Teflon array antenna to verify the beamforming and beam-tapering operations. With proper gain and phase control, the integrated array decreases the SLL by up to 5.2 dB, and the minimum SLL is −15.2 dB. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the implementation of CMOS beam-tapering arrays in the 60-GHz band.