Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 2 Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is the term used to describe adults who have a slowly progressive form of diabetes mellitus (DM) of autoimmune etiology, but that may be treated initially without insulin. Although the American Diabetes Association (ADA) currently does not recognize this disease as a specific type, there is increasing information about it, as well as groups dedicated to its study. LADA shares some immunological and genetic aspects with DM type 1, it affects an age group that is typically affected by type 2 DM. Therefore, it could be considered a type of intermediate diabetes. This process can be detected by specific antibodies in the peripheral blood, months or even years before the clinical onset of the disease. Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory criteria: age of onset, initial response to oral hypoglycemic agents and the presence of specific antibodies for diabetes. Although the definitive treatment is insulin, glitazones may be useful in early stages of the disease. Currently, its management represents a challenge for the physician, including specialists, and it is a form of DM to keep in mind.
User Profile Extraction Considering Web Browsing Context and Mouse Event

Information that users can acquire is overflowing as the Internet spread. The information recommendation technique for providing the relevant information suitable for users’ preference has attracted a lot of research interests. However, the technique for estimating users’ preference in the existing information recommendation methods is still limited. If users’ preference information can be inferred from users’ web searching behavior, information recommendation with high precision satisfying users’ preference will become possible. Therefore, we propose a method which can acquire users’ advanced preference information and web pages’ features by analyzing users’ web searching behavior history (context).
Disease Susceptibility to ST 11 Complex Meningococci Bearing Serogroup C or W 135 Polysaccharide Capsules , North America 1

invasive lineage of Neisseria meningitidis, the ST11 complex, bearing a serogroup C polysaccharide capsule, have been prominent in Europe and North America since the early 1990s. This situation has led to expensive public health measures for outbreak control and, finally, to the introduction of a serogroup C glyconjugate vaccine into the primary immunization schedule in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. ST11 complex meningococci may also express serogroup W135 polysaccharide capsules. We investigated the level of population immunity to this hyperinvasive clone in association with the appearance of outbreaks of meningococcal disease in southern British Columbia. We found that most adults and almost all children were apparently susceptible to infection with ST11 complex meningococci bearing both C and W135 polysaccharide capsules, which suggests that a vaccine program directed against only serogroup C meningococci may be insufficient to prevent hyperinvasive ST11 disease.
Principles of communication systems

From the Publisher: Here is a text for the introduction to principles of communications,the introduction to digital communications,and the introduction to data communications. A clear and readable tutorial style is combined with thorough coverage of both basic and advanced concepts. And the second edition acquaints students with the state of the art,including treatment of topics that have only recently become important and which many available texts ignore. This edition features improved treatment of signal analysis,including representations in signal space,as well as a more complete and modern presentation of random variables and random processes,with illustrative examples to teach detection of signals in noise. There is also a complete discussion of modulation techniques and synchronization and error rate calculation.
Clinical application of 3 D printing in pedicle screw fixation and fusion for the treatment of old type II odontoid fractures with posterior atlantoaxial dislocation

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of 3D printing in old type II odontoid fracture with posterior pedicle screw fixation and fusion of posterior atlantoaxial dislocation. Methods: From September 2014 to February 2016, a total of 19 patients with old type II odontoid fracture and with atlantoaxial dislocation were enrolled in the department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University. The patients included 10 males and 9 females, with ages ranging from 27 to 68 years old and an average of 46.9 years old. The patients were divided into two groups (experimental group of 13 cases, the control group of 6 cases) according to whether they were given 3D printing assisted surgery. The posterior pedicle screw implantation with 3D printing navigation template was performed in the experiment group and traditional X-ray-assisted posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation was carried out in the control group. The cervical spine was scanned by computed tomography (CT) after operation to evaluate the accuracy of the surgery in the two groups. The bleeding volume, wound drainage volume and operation time were also compared between the two groups. Results: 38 screws were inserted into the atlas and another 38 screws were placed in the axial of the 19 patients. According to Richter et al.’s criteria, the accuracy rate of 52 screws in the experiment group was 100%, with 51 screws (98.1%) in Grade 1 and 1 screw (1.9%) in Grade 2. The accuracy rate of 24 screws in the control group was 95.8%, with 21 screws (87.5%) in Grade 1, 2 screws (8.3%) in Grade 2 and 1 (4.2%) in Grade 3. The accuracy rate of the screws was significantly different (P<0.05) between the two groups. The bleeding volume in the experiment group (116 ± 37 ml) was significantly lower than that in the control group (192 ± 69 ml, P<0.05). The wound drainage volume in the experiment group (79 ± 32 ml) was also markedly less than that in the control group (116 ± 35 ml, P<0.05). The operation time in the experiment group (83 ± 20 min) was significantly shorter than that in the control group (116 ± 26 min, P<0.05). Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated that 3D printing navigation template technique is an accurate, safe and rapid method with promising potential in the clinical treatment of old type II odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial dislocation.
Handbook of Research on K-12 Online and Blended Learning

This chapter will cover the history and progression of online and blended learning in K-12 education in the United States. Program categories covered include state virtual schools, fully online schools, and blended learning. Key policy issues affecting the development of online and blended learning are also addressed, including online learning requirements, student achievement, and funding.
Parallel Machine Learning Algorithms In Bioinformatics And Global Optimization

There is a need for general-purpose methods for objectively evaluating the quality of single and metagenome assemblies, and for automatically detecting any errors they may contain. Current methods do not fully meet this need because they require a reference, only consider one of the many aspects of assembly quality, or lack statistical justification; none are designed to evaluate metagenome assemblies. In this work we present an Assembly Likelihood Evaluation (ALE) framework that overcomes these limitations, systematically evaluating the accuracy of an assembly in a reference-independent manner using rigorous statistical methods. This framework is comprehensive, and integrates read quality, mate pair orientation and insert length (for paired end reads), sequencing coverage, read alignment, and k-mer frequency. ALE pinpoints synthetic and real errors in both single and metagenomic assemblies, including single-base errors, insertions/deletions, genome rearrangements and chimeric assemblies presented in metagenomes. The ALE framework provides a comprehensive, reference-independent and statistically rigorous measure of single genome and metagenome assembly quality, which can be used to identify miss-assemblies or to optimize the assembly process.
A 100-kbps power-line modem for household applications

Communication using power line as a medium provides a convenient and inexpensive way for data transmission and control signaling in households. In this paper we introduce a power-line channel model as well as architecture of a spread-spectrum baseband transceiver IC for a powerline modem. The modulation and spreading scheme used in the proposed transceiver is MBOK. This transceiver runs at the carrier frequency of 256 kHz and provides 100 kbps data rate. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed architecture in household data communication.
Multisample receivers for time-varying channels using particle filtering

It has been reported that multisampling provides an implicit time diversity and that processing more than one sample per symbol results in achieving improved performance over processing a single sample. We explore this time diversity and develop a novel method for symbol detection from several samples per symbol. The method is based on a Bayesian formulation in which we use sequential Monte Carlo filtering, also known as particle filtering. Particle filtering has been applied to data detection problems with a single sample per symbol, and it has shown promising results. The proposed method is developed for communication systems characterized by time-varying channels. We demonstrate, via computer simulations, that significant performance improvement can be achieved by processing multisamples.
Migrant ’ s attitudes to childcare : An explorative overview of ten migrant groups ’ attitudes to formal childcare in the Netherlands and Denmark

Attitudes to childcare have been examined in a number studies, both comparative and national, but never with migrants as the main focus. Migrants’ attitudes to childcare are an important subject, as they come with experiences and social values, which might lead them to differ from the general population on this subject. Therefor we examine whether migrants prefer to organize childcare formally or informally, whether they want to increase or decrease public spending on it, and whether or not they are satisfied the childcare services produced in the country. These three dimensions of attitudes to childcare are examined using a survey collected in 2015 among natives and ten migrant groups in Denmark and the Netherlands (N=7319). The results show that migrants tend to follow the overall attitudes to childcare in the country, while generally being more positive towards formal childcare. For the presentation the results will be compared against the ESS-survey from 2008, on attitudes to satisfaction with childcare, as this survey forms the “gold standard” in comparative surveys on attitudes to childcare (De Tavernier, 2015; Mischke, 2013). We will discuss whether similar or 1 Dr. Troels Hedegaard, Postdoc | Aalborg Univers i t y, Den mark | Cent re for Co mp arat ive Wel fa re S tud ies a t Dep ar tment o f Po l i t ical Sc ience | t roe ls fh @dps. aau . d k Dr. Verena Seibel , Postdoc | Konst anz Univer s i t y , German y | Depar tment o f Hi s tory and So cio lo gy | ve ren a.seib el@uni -kon stanz.de
Advanced Java: Idioms, Pitfalls, Styles and Programming Tips

History and Background of Java. Scope of This Book. Structure of This Book. Acknowledgments. Chapter 1. Idioms, Pitfalls, and Programming Tips. Boolean Expressions. Composite Boolean Expressions. Compiler Optimization of Constant Expressions. System Properties. Array Initializer Lists. Declaring an Array of Objects. Packages. Loading. Classes over the Internet. Java Coding Standards. Packages. Versions. One Class per File. Indentation. Documentation. Importing Packages. Naming. Class Ordering. Variables. Encapsulation. Synchronization. Testing. Some Inconsistencies in the Standard Java Libraries. Months and Weeks. Communicating Applets. Communicating Through the Applet Context. Communicating Through Static Variables. Exception handling in Java. System Exceptions and User-Defined Exceptions. Throwing Exceptions from Native Code. Exception, Blocks, and Local Variables. Implementing Multiple Inheritance. Basic Types in Java. Instanceof, equals and ==. Instance of, Equality. Efficiency of Hashtables. More on Equality. String Performance. Efficiency of Vectors versus Arrays. Improving Performance of Java Programs. Relative Cost of Java Operations. Accessing Methods before Objects Are Constructed. Implementing Callbacks in Java. Callback Implementation Techniques in Java. A Proposal for Method References in Java. Overriding Methods and Hiding Variables. Dynamic Method Resolution in Java. Method Overriding Compared with C++. Dynamic Variable Access in Java. Garbage Collection and Finalization. Finalization. Templates. Incremental Compilation of Java Code. 2. LTK-The Little Toolkit. LTK, The Little Toolkit. The Design of AWT. The Design of LTK. A Simple Example of Using LTK. The LTK Classes. Class ltk.DisplayListCanvas. Class ltk.Graphical. Class ltk.Constraint. Class ltk.Area. Class ltk.Label. Class ltk.EventManager. Class ltk.FilledGraphical. Class ltk.Moveable. Class ltk.Box. Class ltk.Line. Class ltk.GUIStyle. Class ltk.MotifStyle. Class ltk.Button. Class ltk.Selectable. Class ltk.Layout. Class ltk.EntryField. Class ltk.ScrollBar. Class ltk.Table. Class ltk.Notebook. Class ltk.HTMLViewer. Class ltk.LTKApplet. LTK Examples. Widget Animation Demo. Layout Demo. Notebook Demo. Notebook/Homepage Demo. Towers of Hanoi Demo. Graph Layout. Slider Demo. Widget Animation Demo. GUI Style Abstraction Demo. Table Demo. Thread Tester. 3. Java Debugging Techniques. Java Debugging Techniques. Using Visualization to Understand and Debug Java Programs. Possible Extensions in the User Interface. How to Know Which Methods Are Executed? Instrumentation of Java Source Code. Enhancing the Java Virtual Machine. Writing a Visual Debugger GUI in Java. 4. Translating C++ to Java. To Port or Not to Port-That's Not the Question. C++ Features Covered by C2J. Features Not Covered by C2J. C2J in Action. How C2J Works. References. Appendix A. Index.
Protected data storage system for optical discs

This paper presents a system that provides a data storage area on optical discs which is protected against unauthorized access. The protected area is referred to as a key locker. It is of particular importance to applications that use digital rights management (DRM). An advantage of the key locker concept is its DRM-agnostic nature. As such, any DRM system can benefit from the protected area.
A first approach to a proposal of a soft robotic link acting as a neck

The purpose of this paper is to design a soft robotic neck prototype with two Degrees of Free-dom (DOF) and propose a control system based on a fractional order PD controller (FPD). The neck will be able to perform movements of ﬂex-ion, extension and lateral bending. To achieve these movements, the design is made based on a cable-driven mechanism, with components easy to manufacture in a 3D printer. Simulations are performed to validate the feasibility of the developed parallel robot prototype and the robustness of the proposed control scheme to mass changes at the tip.
How to Clean Enhanced TRACE Data

This note is a supplement to "Liquidity biases in TRACE" from the Journal of Fixed Income, 2009. The note updates the transaction data filter to handle Enhanced Historic TRACE data and provides SAS code for the new filter (now including the 2012 change). As an example, there are 6.7 mill raw transaction reports in 2007. 440,000 are deleted as known errors. 780,000 are deleted as agency transactions. Finally, 1.6 mill are deleted as interdealer double counted transactions. In total the filter deletes almost 35% of the raw transactions.
Chapter 1 Fracture Mechanisms by Fatigue 1

In the not so distant past, we often built not from precise calculations, but by intuition. Carpenters did not question the resistance of the wood they used to build their ships. However, there is no doubt that it is necessary to calculate beforehand, if we are to combine safety with economy in our works of art and professional projects. That is not to say that we can be one hundred percent sure about calculations, because they merely turn out to be the product of the transformation of figures that we put in. The figures themselves can also be marred by diverse mistakes, or not correspond with reality. Moreover, if we forget to calculate a particular part of the problem, there is no automatic mechanism which signals this omission. Therefore, we must go by calculations to obtain a satisfactory level of safety, bearing in mind the imprecision of figures, the irregularities of behavior in constructions, and even the defects of theoretical hypotheses.
Anti-drug antibodies and clinical implications

Over the last few years, the use of biological agents has rapidly increased. One of the main reasons limiting their use is related to their immunogenicity, i.e. the immune system may react against these molecules by producing anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). Clearly the immunogenicity of these molecules is one of the main reasons for the loss of efficacy of the drug and the occurrence of adverse events. There are several reasons why a subject may develop ADAs, most important being the structural characteristics of the biological agent. Chimeric monoclonal antibodies, including infliximab and rituximab, are thought to have a higher immunogenicity vs. human or fully human monoclonal antibodies, including adalimumab and golimumab. Fusion molecules, eg. etanercept, have certainly demonstrated a lower immunogenic potential and this is shown by the fact that a low proportion of treated patients develop antibodies against this molecule. The study of the immunogenicity of biological drugs is not only one of the mainstay for the monitoring of the biological drug treatment, it can also be useful in the initial choice of the drug to be used in a specific subject as well as in the switch from one molecule to another.
Verifiable secret sharing and multiparty protocols in distributed systems

In this paper, we propose verifiable secret sharing and multiparty protocols in a distributed system under the assumption that each participant can broadcast a message to all other participants and that each pair of participants can communicate secretly. The secrecy achieved is unconditional and does not rely on any assumption about computational intractability. Applications of these results to the Byzantine Agreement are also presented. The proposed protocol satisfies the fairness under a non-cryptographic model for the first time. The conventional non-cryptographic protocols don't satisfy the fairness. Also, the proposed protocol is more efficient than Beaver's protocol and Rabin's protocol.
Physiological Signals and Classification for Happiness , Neural and Surprise Emotions Three emotion classification

In this study, we discuss the comparative results of emotion classification by several algorithms, which classify three different emotional states (happiness, neutral, and surprise) using physiological features. 300 students participated in this experiment. While three kinds of emotional stimuli are presented to participants, physiological signal responses (EDA, SKT, ECG, RESP, and PPG) were measured. Participants rated their own feelings to emotional stimuli on emotional assessment scale after presentation of emotional stimuli. The emotional stimuli had 96% validity and 5.8 point efficiency on average. There were significant differences of autonomic nervous system responses among three emotions by statistical analysis. The classification of three differential emotions was carried out by Fisher's linear discriminant (FLD), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Networks (NN) using difference value, which subtracts baseline from emotional state. The result of FLD showed that the accuracy of classification in three different emotions was 77.3%. 72.3% and 42.3% have obtained as the accuracy of classification by SVM and NN, respectively. This study confirmed that the three emotions can be better classified by FLD using various physiological features than SVM and NN. Further study may need to get those results to obtain more stability and reliability, as comparing with the accuracy of emotions classification by using other algorithms. Keywords-emotion classification; physiological signals; machine learning
MODAL IDENTIFICATION OF AN ELASTICALLY SCALED SHIP MODEL

In this paper the modal experimental analysis of the bending response of a scaled ship model excited by ambient waves is presented. The physical model, designed to reproduce the global elastic behaviour of a real ship, is made with independent hull portions connected with an elastic supporting beam which the strain gauges are applied to. The identification of the ‘wet’ modes of the elastic beam is performed by using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) on the strain gauges signals, whereas the source of excitation of the structures is ‘naturally’ provided by the waves generated in the INSEAN linear basin with a wave-maker.
A study of the applicability of an agile methodology scrum allied to the Kanban method

Considering the growing utilization of agile methodologies in software development, the tasks execution ends, sometimes, not being efficient. It might consider that, in concern of agile development in small and middle companies, this inefficiency may exists for teams witch the planning sprint development walks side by side with the maintenance of productions software. Therefore, it's notable the propensity to poorness, disorganization, the quality decrease and lateness in tasks finalizations, besides it may became onerous to the professionals to report their own activities. The study of the applicability of an agile methodology like Scrum allied to the Kanban method, allowing the description of a form of mutual use of these instruments, taking advantage of the best of both, it is necessary in this context above, in addition to providing a different perspective arising the results obtained in this analysis expected from this study.
Investigation of Structural and Acoustic Responses of a Submerged Cylindrical Enclosure under Arbitrary Force Excitations

Maritime Division, Defence Science and Technology Group, Victoria, Australia ABSTRACT This paper models and analyses the structural behaviour and radiated sound due to arbitrary force excitations of a cylindrical enclosure totally submerged in a heavy fluid. The enclosure consists of a cylindrical shell with internal bulkheads and ring stiffeners. The cylindrical shell is closed by circular plates. The structural responses of the shell and plates are calculated by solving the shell and plate equations of motion using a wave approach. The farfield radiated sound pressure from the shell and plates is then calculated by using the Helmholtz integral. The effect on the vibration and far-field sound pressure of the whole enclosure resulting from arbitrary force excitations is investigated. The influence of the bulkheads and ring stiffeners on the structure is discussed. Good agreement is obtained between the analytical results and results from numerical finite element / boundary element models.
The Sustainability Issues Facing the ICT Sector

Introduction: For this report we were asked to report on 18 reviews covering a range of topics regarding the sustainability of the ICT sector. These had been broken into 3 main areas which were E-Waste, Resources and Energy & Climate Change. I will cover these 3 main topics by integrating them into the lifecycle of electronic parts from resources through manufacture and use right up to the products end-of-life and its disposal. While discussing the topics it will become clear that there are 3 issues which are all related when it comes to sustainability of the ICT sector. These are social, environmental and economic issues. It can all be brought together under the title of sustainable development.