Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DUAL NOTCH LOADED MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR PENTA BAND OPERATION

This paper presents on a novel design and development of dual notch loaded square microstrip antenna for penta band operation. The antenna is housed with a volume of 80 X 50 X 1.6 mm 3 . The antenna operates between the frequency range of 2.83 to 8.40 GHz giving a maximum impedance bandwidth of 5.7 % and virtual size reduction of 13% with a peak gain of 2.86 dB. The low cost glass epoxy substrate material is used to fabricate the antenna. The microstripline feed arrangement along with quarter wave transformer is used to excite the antenna. The antenna shows linearly polarized broadside radiation characteristic. The design detail of the antenna is described. The experimental results are presented and discussed. This antenna may find applications in WLAN and for systems operating in C band frequencies.
Serum and Urine Values Before and After Cholecalciferol Treatment in Patients With Normal Renal Function , CKD , and ESRD

Results: Cholecalciferol treatment increased concentrations of serum 25(OH)D by (19.3 8 g/mL, P .001; 12.2 9 g/mL, P .0001) and 24,25(OH)2D (1.14 0.89 g/mL, P .0024; 1.0 0.72 g/mL P .0002), and reduced serum PTH ( 11 21 pg/mL, P .0292; 42 68 pg/mL, P .0494) in normal and CKD subjects, respectively. Cholecalciferol increased serum FGF-23 levels only in normal subjects (44 57 g/mL, P .01). Increments in serum 25(OH)D positively correlated with serum FGF-23 and 24,25(OH)2D and negatively correlated with PTH. In ESRD, cholecalciferol administration increased 25(OH)D by (16.6 6.6 g/mL P .05) without changing 24,25(OH)2D, FGF-23 or PTH levels.
Interplay between the RNA interference machinery and HIV-1

Resistente infecties zijn lastig te behandelen. Nick Schopman onderzocht een verbeterde RNA-interferentie (RNAi)-gebaseerde anti-hiv-1 gentherapie. Dit kan in de toekomst leiden tot een nieuwe aanpak van de behandeling van resistente infecties. Schopman beschrijft een nieuw ontwerp van een RNAi-molecuul dat een aanzienlijke verbetering is ten opzichte van het huidige ontwerp. Verder bekeek hij de impact van hiv-1-infectie op RNAi in verschillende celtypes. Het ontrafelen van het RNAi-mechanisme van de menselijke cel is zeer belangrijk voor RNAi-gerelateerd fundamenteel onderzoek en verbetering van RNAi-gebaseerde therapeutische toepassingen.
TC Mps 1 12 , a novel Mps 1 inhibitor , suppresses a growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via accumulated chromosomal instability . Running title : Effect of Mps 1 inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chromosomal instability is not only a hallmark of cancer, but also an attractive therapeutic target. A diverse set of mitotic kinases maintains chromosomal stability. One of these is monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1), which is essential for chromosome alignment and for the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Pharmacological inhibition of Mps1 has been suggested as a cancer therapeutic; however, despite the existence of a novel Mps1 inhibitor, TC Mps1 12, no such studies have been performed.
On the Empirical Relevance of the Lucas Critique: the Case of Euro Area Money Demand

This paper examines the relevance of the Lucas critique for euro area money demand. Based on the money in the utility function approach, a vector error correction model is specified to investigate the relationship between money and inflation in times of policy shifts. A well defined equation for money demand is obtained. The results indicate that the evolution of M3 is still in line with money demand. In the long run, inflation is affected by asset prices and detrended output. Our results show that the Lucas critique can be refuted in case of euro area money demand for the period of quantitative easing. Thus, the estimated money demand equation provides reliable information for the conduct of future monetary policy.
How South African societal and circumstantial influences affect the ethical standards of prospective South African Chartered Accountants

To effectively address ethical consciousness through formalised tertiary education, ethical rationale needs to be further understood. This paper attempted to investigate the effect of South African societal influences on prospective South African Chartered Accountants, through exploratory questionnaire research. Findings indicated that although participants perceived low levels of ethical behaviour in South Africa, they generally were not negatively influenced, most feeling the need to behave more ethically as a result. Influences from the country’s environment, including justification, lack of consequences and self-interest, were found to have negatively affected some participant’s ethical rationale and although not statistically significant, were considered qualitatively relevant findings. Many participants appeared to maintain the belief that it’s not possible to be completely ethical in business and that by remaining ethical in South African business they will be at a disadvantage. Females’ ethical rationale was found to have been less affected by societal influences than their male counterparts.
Schwerpunktthema 2 Technology Over the decades since the launch of the first microprocessors

Over the last decades, we have witnessed an exponential increase in sequential computing performance, but since few years this progress is slowing down. This paper describes the current evolutions in technology and architecture that cause this slowdown, and lists the major research challenges that need to be tackled in the coming years to further continue this exponential performance growth. If the computing industry fails to solve these challenges soon, this will for the first time lead to a stop of the exponential performance growth, which might eventually impact the economic growth of western economies. Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahrzehnten konnte ein exponentielles Wachstum der Verarbeitungsleistung der Prozessoren beobachtet werden, das sich jedoch seit ein paar Jahren verlangsamt hat. In dieser Arbeit werden die derzeitigen Technologieund Architekturentwicklungen beschrieben, die zu dieser Verlangsamung geführt haben, und es werden die Forschungsherausforderungen für die nächsten Jahre genannt, deren Lösung es erlauben würde, das exponentielle Wachstum fortzusetzen. Falls die Computerindustrie diesen Herausforderungen nicht bald gerecht wird, so wird dies zum Ende des exponentiellen Performanzwachstums führen mit möglichen Auswirkungen auf das weitere Wachstum der westlichen Volkswirtschaften.
Freezing effects on carbon and nitrogen cycling in northern hardwood forest soils

We evaluated the effects of freeze-thaw events on soil respiration, nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and nitrous oxide production in soils from a northern hardwood-dominated forest in New Hampshire, USA. Soil samples from three horizons (O e , O a , A) from nearly monospecific stands of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) were placed in 200-mL incubation vessels (microlysimeters), subjected to severe (-13°C) and mild (-3°C) freeze treatments for 10 d, and then incubated at laboratory temperature (20-25°C) for 3 wk. Evolution of CO 2 and N 2 O and concentrations of leachable NH + 4 and NO - 3 were measured at weekly intervals. Freezing increased rates of C and N cycling in these soils, but the effects varied with species, horizon, and freeze treatment. Whereas severe freezing stimulated respiration, N 2 O flux, and mineralization, mild freezing had very few effects. Nitrification did not appear to be affected by either freeze treatment, but increases in denitrification may have masked freeze effects on this process. Freeze effects were much more marked in maple than in birch soils and in the O a and A horizons. Maple consistently had higher rates of nitrification and N 2 O production than did birch. The species and horizon differences were likely driven by higher levels of available C in the birch soils and O e horizon at both sites. These results suggest that changes in climate and snow cover that influence soil freezing could increase N and C losses from northern hardwood forest ecosystems with potential effects on soil fertility and carbon storage, receiving water quality, and atmospheric chemistry.
Diversity from within: The Impact of Cultural Variables on Emotion Expressivity in Singapore

Culture is intrinsically linked with emotion expression, as culture provides rules regarding how to manage emotions when they occur. Thus far, existing literature has extensively compared norms for emotional expression and suppression, revealing significant differences among culturally distinct but also geographically distant groups (e.g., “collectivistic” Chinese versus “individualistic” U.S. Americans). The present study examines the impact of cultural diversity within Singapore, a heterogeneous Asian nation of 5.4 million residents. Using an expression suppression paradigm, eighty-three participants viewed emotion eliciting video clips and their expressions were analyzed according to the Emotion Facial Action Coding System (EmFACS, Ekman, Irwin, & Rosenberg, 1994) for signs of happiness and disgust. Participants tasked to manage their expression were successful; however cultural indicators such as ethnicity, collectivism, and concern for face affected expressivity under both suppression and natural expression conditions. These results emphasize the importance of exploring culture within national boundaries, as multiple cultural factors (e.g., ethnic groupings, values, and face) influenced expression.
Incidence of an Outsourcing Tax on Intermediate Inputs

The paper uses a Hecksher-Ohlin-Samuelson type general equilibrium framework to consider the incidence of an outsourcing tax on an economy in which the production of a specific intermediate input has been fragmented and outsourced. If the outsourced sector provides a non-traded input, the outsourcing tax can have adverse impact on labor even if it is the most capital-intensive sector of the economy. Thus contrary to expectations, a tax on a capital-intensive sector actually hurts labor. In the case where the intermediate input is traded, the outsourcing tax closes down either the intermediate input producing sector, or the final good producing sector which uses the intermediate input.
Seal Watching: An investigation of codes of conduct

Seal watching as a form of wildlife tourism is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Behavioral changes caused by the presence of tourists could lead to negative consequences for seal welfare and may affect reproduction and survival. Therefore, managing seal watching activities to ensure future protection and conservation is important. Codes of conduct or guidelines for how to behave around animals are one way to regulate wildlife watching and are often easier and quicker to implement than laws. Codes explaining the consequences for wildlife if the code is not followed appeal to the moral obligation of tourists and thereby increase incentives to act appropriately. This study focused on analyzing the content of codes of conducts for seal watching. Codes of conducts (n=33) accessible on the internet during the time of study were analysed. Results show that in many areas where seal watching occurs there are no regulations or guidelines. The content and detail of the codes varied and the information was often insufficient to offer adequate protection of seals. Few of the codes were developed in cooperation with scientists or stated that the content was based on research. Further, a majority of the codes did not explain the consequences for wildlife if the code was not followed. More research on seals and the tourists watching them is needed to better understand the effects of tourism and how disturbance could be minimised. Meanwhile, developing an international code of conduct (with local additions) built on existing knowledge in the field, could be one option to increase protection and ensure conservation of these animals. The results presented in this paper could assist the development of such a code of conduct.
Carrapatos (Acari: Ixodidae) como ectoprasitos de aves Brasileiras e sua associação com doenças riquetsiais

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of a variety of vertebrate hosts and play an important role in the transmission and ecology of infectious pathogens causing diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Sixty-eight species of ticks exist in Brazil, and at least 23 are found parasitizing wild birds. This number is increasing with the advent of new studies highlighting the underestimated role of birds in the life cycle of these arthropods. In South America, many of these ticks are involved in epidemiology of the life-threatening spotted fever diseases caused by bacteria from the genus Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). The aim of this paper is to present up-to-date knowledge about the bird-tick fauna of Brazil and their association with rickettsioses. The available literature concerning ticks on birds and tick-borne diseases related to these ticks in Brazil has been revised. It could be concluded that birds play a primary role in life cycles of various tick species, especially during immature stages (larvae and nymphs). The best known is a bird-tick fauna from the Atlantic Forest and from Brazilian savannah called Cerrado in southern and central Brazil, respectively. On the other hand, the knowledge about bird tick parasitism from other Brazilian biomes such as the Amazon, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampas regions is very scarce and requires further study. Moreover, no studies about the role of birds as mobile hosts for spreading ticks to new areas exist, nor has their role in the natural life cycle of Rickettsia been thoroughly examined.
Does Open Market Operations as a Monetary Policy tool have Impact on Price Stability in Nigeria

Open market operation was introduced as a monetary policy tool in Nigeria in 1993. Since then, it has been extensively used in conjunction with other tools such as reserve requirement, discount window operation, and moral suasion as an instrument of price stability; however, inflation in Nigeria has not reduced to the desired single digit level on a consistent basis. It is against this background that, our paper investigated the impact of OMO as a tool for monetary policy on price stability in Nigeria from 1993-2007. Using OLS regression model, our result reveals that open market operation has positive non-significant impact on consumer price stability as proxied by inflation rate in Nigeria. Our result also reveals that there was a positive correlation between open market operation and consumer price stability of the Central Bank of Nigeria for the period, therefore remains a useful tool, hence our recommendation is that it should be used in conjunction with other relevant ones in the maintenance of price stability in Nigeria. Keywords: Open Market Operation, Price Stability, Nigeria
EFFECT OF A SINGLE DOSE OF METHADONE ON SACCADIC REFIXATIONS IN OPIOID ADDICTED

Introduction: Eye movements are closely related to cognitive and emotional functions. Information on saccadic dynamics during certain tasks may indicate disorders of mental functions, which can help to explain the neurobiology of sensory-motor systems and can be useful in neuropsychiatric diagnosis. Aims/ Objectives: The study aims at assessing the impact of a single therapeutic dose of methadone on eye movements (saccades) dynamics in HIV(+) and HIV(-) opioid addicted subjects. Methods: Sixty patients from the substitution program were examined. The Latency Test (LT), carried out with the use of saccadometer diagnostic system, was conducted twice: before and 1.5 hours after the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone. In both parts of the test mean peak velocity, mean latency, mean duration, mean amplitude were measured. Results: The mean duration of latency in HIV(-) subjects measured by LT after the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone was statistically significantly increased whereas the mean peak velocity was decreased. The mean peak velocity latency in HIV(+) subjects is not statistically significant. The mean duration and the amplitude of latency after the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone is statistically significant in opioid addicted HIV(+) subjects . It was found that the mean peak velocity before the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone was statistically significantly different in HIV(-) subjects as compared to HIV(+) ones. Conclusion: An increase in the values of saccadic refixation parameters in opioid addicted subjects after the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone was observed. An improvement in saccadic refixations parameter in HIV(-) subjects after the administration of a therapeutic dose of methadone was concluded.
A comparison of transcriptomic profiles in endometrium during window of implantation between women 2 with unexplained recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage 3 4 RUNNING TITLE 5 Endometrial transcriptome in recurrent miscarriage and recurrent implantation failure 6 7 AUTHORS 8

42 The endometrium becomes receptive to the embryo only in the mid-luteal phase, but not other stages of 43 the menstrual cycle. Endometrial factors play an important role in implantation. Women with recurrent 44 miscarriage and recurrent implantation failure have both been reported to have altered expression of 45 receptivity markers during the window of implantation. We aimed to compare the gene expression 46 profiles of the endometrium in the window of implantation among women with unexplained recurrent 47 implantation failures (RIF) and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). 48 In total 20 patients (9 RIF and 11 RM) were recruited. In addition 4 fertile subjects were included as 49 reference. Endometrium samples were precisely timed on the 7th day after luteal hormone surge (LH+7). 50 All the 24 endometrium samples were extracted for total RNA. The transcriptome was determined by 51 RNA-Seq in first 14 RNA samples (5 RIF, 6 RM, and 3 fertile). Differentially expressed genes between 52 RM and RIF were validated by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) in all 24 RNA samples (9 RIF, 11 RM 53 and 4 fertile). Transcriptomic profiles of RM and RIF, but not control samples, were separated from each 54 other by principle component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM). Complementary and 55 coagulation cascades pathway was the significantly up-regulated in RIF while down-regulated in RM. 56 Differentially expressed genes C3, C4, C4BP, DAF, DF and SERPING1 in complement and coagulation 57 cascade pathway between RM and RIF were further validated by qPCR. This study compared endometrial 58 transcriptome among patients with RIF and RM in the window of implantation; it identified differential 59 molecular pathways in endometrium between RIF and RM, which potentially affect the implantation 60 process. 61
proteins antagonize germline fate in the intestine and ensure C . elegans survival

INTRODUCTION The development of an organism relies on a series of cell fate decisions. One of the most pivotal of these decisions is that between soma and germ line. It is important to specify a small number of germ cells within a mostly somatic organism in order to ensure both the survival of the individual and its fertility. The single-cell embryo has a number of attributes of the germ line, including an inherited chromatin state compatible with gene expression patterns in germ cells. In mammals, erasure of germline character is one of the first steps in embryogenesis; primordial germ cells are newly induced later in development (for a review, see Saitou and Yamaji, 2010). In Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, germ cells are segregated away from somatic cells very early in development and the erasure of germline characteristics in the soma appears to be more gradual (for a review, see Nakamura and Seydoux, 2008). In all cases, the somatic cells of embryos face the challenge of reprogramming their chromatin away from a germline state and towards a somatic state. Synthetic multivulva class B (synMuv B) proteins are a conserved class of transcriptional repressors that have been implicated in the soma/germline fate decision. They were originally classified based on the synthetic multivulva phenotype displayed when a class B mutation is combined with a class A or class C mutation (for a review, see Fay and Yochem, 2007). synMuv B proteins include the single worm homolog of retinoblastoma, LIN-35; E2F components, EFL-1 and DPL-1; a worm homolog of HP1, HPL-2; and members of the worm NuRD complex, MEP-1 and LET-418. synMuv B mutants also show a number of distinct phenotypes as single mutants, several of which suggest that somatic cells have acquired germline-like characteristics, including enhanced RNAi, transgene silencing and expression of germ-granule proteins (Lehner et al., 2006; Unhavaithaya et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2005). Surprisingly, these germline characteristics do not appear to have deleterious affects on somatic cell development, as synMuv B single mutants grow to adulthood when cultured at low to ambient temperatures (Andersen et al., 2008). In the present study, we show that elevated temperature causes synMuv B mutants to arrest as young larvae. This high temperature arrest (HTA) phenotype is only seen in those synMuv B mutants that ectopically express numerous germline-specific proteins, including P-granule components and meiosis proteins, in their soma. The number of ectopically expressed genes and the level of ectopic expression are both enhanced by elevated temperature. Ectopic expression of germline genes and HTA are suppressed by loss of MES-4, the MES-2/3/6 complex and other germline chromatin modifiers. Our findings suggest that synMuv B(+) function antagonizes a germline chromatin state in somatic Development 138, 1069-1079 (2011) doi:10.1242/dev.059501 © 2011. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Behaviour and Consumer Preference towards Organized Retail Outlets in India

Today, retailers are increasingly making use of various in-store influencers for converting browsers to spenders. However, success depends on how the customers perceive these influencers. The phenomenon of purchasing has been studied in consumer research as well as for example in psychology and economics since the 1950s. This study attempted to investigate the relationship of various factors, with buying behaviour of consumers in the Organized Retail Sector of Lucknow City of Uttar Pradesh, India. This article empirically evaluates the perception of the customers towards various in-store stimuli that is merchandise, promotion, displays and ambience, across stores located in Lucknow.