Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elisabetta Ježek, The Lexicon. An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016 (Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics)

The book reviewed here is the updated English version of a book originally published in Italian (2005), revised and translated into English by the author; it aims to provide access to the field of lexicology in its present state, taking into account its most recent evolution and the prolific research it has seen these last two decades. Therefore, while stating that the book ‘conforms to the tradition of structuralist and formal approaches to the study of language, and reexamines themes that have been a matter of debate since antiquity,’ the author also warns the reader that it ‘provides an overview of central topics that are still highly controversial rather than statements of a received doctrine. ’ (p. ix). This review briefly presents the content of the book, before making a few observations and giving a general assessment. The book is comprised of two parts consisting each of three chapters. The first part (chapters 1, 2 and 3) deals with individual words and their properties, and provides the basic notions needed in the second part (chapters 4, 5 and 6), where words are discussed in relation to different structures identified in the lexicon. Chapter 1 defines some basic terminological notions such as lexicology, lexicography, lexical semantics and lexicalisation. The author proposes to distinguish between meaning which is not yet associated with words (concepts) and meaning that is. She then distinguishes between the lexical meaning and the grammatical meaning of words. The notion of word is then clarified, with the helpful presentation of a series of tests for ‘wordhood’. The notion is then further detailed in compound words and word typology (this last section actually deals with the characteristics of words belonging to languages of different types). In Chapter 2, lexical information is briefly presented as encompassing the meaning encoded in words, sound structure, morphological structure and probably information about the word’s class. Meaning itself is divided into denotative, connotative, stylistic and pragmatic meanings; the latter ‘are assumed not to reside in the lexicon and to be generated in the context of use; however, certain pragmatic meanings tend to lexicalize and become systematically associated with a word’ (p.43). Chapter 3 deals with the meaning of words, and goes to show that the answer to a simple question such as ‘what, exactly, do words mean? ’ is anything but clear. The difficulty to provide a definite answer is due in particular to word polysemy, a phenomenon that has often been studied, but on which some studies of its metonymic and metaphoric aspects (See Lakoff & Johnson 1980) have permitted to shed new light. Different theories of linguistic meaning are then presented, essentially referentialist, structuralist and mentalist approaches (this last approach is more especially seen in terms of the prototype theory). The elaboration of syntagmatic build-
SPARQL with property paths on the Web

Linked Data on the Web represents an immense source of knowledge suitable to be automatically processed and queried. In this respect, there are different approaches for Linked Data querying that differ on the degree of centralization adopted. On one hand, the SPARQL query language, originally defined for querying single datasets, has been enhanced with features to query federations of datasets; however, this attempt is not sufficient to cope with the distributed nature of data sources available as Linked Data. On the other hand, extensions or variations of SPARQL aim to find trade-offs between centralized and fully distributed querying. The idea is to partially move the computational load from the servers to the clients. Despite the variety and the relative merits of these approaches, as of today, there is no standard language for querying Linked Data on theWeb. A specific requirement for such a language to capture the distributed, graph-like nature of Linked Data sources on the Web is a support of graph navigation. Recently, SPARQL has been extended with a navigational feature called property paths (PPs). However, the semantics of SPARQL restricts the scope of navigation via PPs to single RDF graphs. This restriction limits the applicability of PPs for querying distributed Linked Data sources on the Web. To fill this gap, in this paper we provide formal foundations for evaluating PPs on the Web, thus contributing to the definition of a query language for Linked Data. We first introduce a family of reachability-based query semantics for PPs that distinguish between navigation on the Web and navigation at the data level. Thereafter, we consider another, alternative query semantics that couples Web graph navigation and data level navigation; we call it context-based semantics. Given these semantics, we find that for some PP-based SPARQL queries a complete evaluation on the Web is not possible. To study this phenomenon we introduce a notion of Web-safeness of queries, and prove a decidable syntactic property that enables systems to identify queries that areWeb-safe. In addition to establishing these formal foundations, we conducted an experimental comparison of the context-based semantics and a reachability- based semantics. Our experiments show that when evaluating a PP-based query under the context-based semantics one experiences a significantly smaller number of dereferencing operations, but the computed query result may contain less solutions.
Detection of serum antitrichomonal antibodies in urogenital trichomoniasis by immunofluorescence.

Trichomonas vaginalis is a frequently encountered genital pathogen in both males and females. In females, vaginitis due to this parasite is one of the most common manifestation. The indirect fluorescent technique (IFA) test was carried out to detect antitrichomonal antibodies in 370 female patients using whole cell antigen. Seventy one (19.18%) gave positive reaction for either of the class IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. The level of the IgG class antibodies was found to be higher i.e. 58 (81.69%) than IgM 11 (15.27%) antibodies, which may be suggestive of past infection or a prolonged manifestation by the organisms.
Complexin splits the membrane-proximal region of a single SNAREpin.

Complexin (Cpx) is thought to be a major regulator of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptor (SNARE)-dependent membrane fusion. Although the inhibition of membrane fusion by Cpx has been frequently reported, its structural basis has been elusive and an anticipated disruption of the SNARE core has never been observed. In the present study, to mimic the natural environment, we assembled a single SNAREpin between two nanodisc membrane patches. Single-molecule FRET (smFRET) detects a large conformational change, specifically at the C-terminal half, whereas no conformational change is observed at the N-terminal half. Our results suggest that Cpx splits the C-terminal half of the SNARE core at least 10 Å (1 Å=0.1 nm), whereby inhibiting further progression of SNARE zippering and membrane fusion.
Further Exploration of the Relationship Between Medical Education and Moral Development

In the wake of a pilot study that indicated that the experience of medical education appears to Inhibit moral development In medical students, increased attention needs to be given to the structure of medical education and the Influence it has on medical students. Interest in ethics and moral reasoning has become widespread in many aspects of professional and public life. Society has exhibited great interest in the ethical issues confronting physicians today. Considerable effort has been undertaken to train medical students, interns, and residents In how to reason through medical-ethical dilemmas. Media attention has focused on Issues such as abortion, euthanasia, care of severely handicapped infants, organ transplantation, and so forth, producing heated debates in both the professional and lay literature over the morality of the various positions. The curriculum of medical education has paralleled and reflected this general Interest in medical ethics. Most medical schools now offer, and frequently require, course work in ethics. However, further research Is needed to better characterize and understand the relationship of medical education to moral development.
The Influence of Japanese Consumer Attitudes toward Food Safety on Beef Valuations : A Choice Experiment Analysis

We explored the relative importance of beef attributes, such as country-of-origin, traceability, and BSE test status, to Japanese consumers and examined the influence of consumer attitudes toward food safety on their valuations of these attributes. A random parameter logit model was used to analyze the choice experiment data, which were collected using a Web-based survey of the Tokyo metropolitan area. The results indicated that consumer valuations of beef attributes were significantly influenced by consumer attitudes, which were measured as “belief in domestic food,” “trust in experts,” “trust in governmental agencies,” and “reassurance based on scientific knowledge. ”
Understanding the Role of miR-33 in Brain Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease

Because of its incidence and devastating consequences, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has attracted much research attention in the last decades. Intensive work led to the identification of a number of cellular and molecular pathophysiologic mechanisms including Tau alterations, β-amyloid deposition, lipid homeostasis dysregulation, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation or autophagy defects (Di Paolo and Kim, 2011; Ittner and Gotz, 2011; Heppner et al., 2015; Menzies et al., 2015; Wang and Mandelkow, 2015). Despite of the efforts, how these different pathways interact and contribute to disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Nonetheless, the presence of Aβ plaques, formed by the sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is a prominent neuropathologic feature of the disease and is still thought to be central to AD development (Nhan et al., 2015).
Reinventing Organizations : Vers des communautés de travail inspirées

Le livre phenomene en Management : deja plus de 50 000 exemplaires vendus dans le monde ! Reinventing Organizations est un guide pour ceux qui aspirent a gerer autrement leur entreprise, association, ecole, hopital. Dans ce livre revolutionnaire, Frederic Laloux ouvre des perspectives,etonnantes. Il montre qu’a chaque fois que l’humanite est entree dans une nouvelle ere de developpement, elle a invente une facon inedite de penser le management. C’est ce qui semble se passer a l’heure actuelle : visible pour ceux qui cherchent a le voir, un nouveau modele d’organisation est en train d’emerger, porteur de sens, d’enthousiasme et d’authenticite. Il ne s’agit pas d’un modele theorique ou d’une utopie. Reinventing Organizations se base sur une recherche rigoureuse d’organisations pionnieres qui fonctionnent deja sur des schemas novateurs. Si vous etes dirigeant ou createur d’entreprise, manager, coach ou consultant, vous trouverez ici de nombreux conseils pratiques, exemples et histoires inspirantes pour imaginer, concretement, l’etape suivante de votre entreprise.
Obtaining health information from farmers: interviews versus postal questionnaires in a New Zealand case study.

PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of interviewer-led and postal surveys in gathering adequate health data for occupational health programmes among farmers. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies of farmers from southern New Zealand were conducted. Farms were randomly selected from the public land valuation roll and all farmers and farm workers invited to participate in the farmers' health study. First, 477 farms were invited to participate in an interviewer administered questionnaire and health check; and second, a further 432 farms were selected and invited to participate in a self-administered postal survey. Both groups completed the same questionnaire. RESULTS The response for the interviewer-led and postal surveys was 65.4 % and 51.6 % respectively. The 2 groups differed demographically, with fewer young farm workers in the postal survey, but were similar in all areas of health information collected, except that men in the interviewer-led survey were significantly more likely to have a psychological disturbance than men in the postal survey (chi ( 2 ) =5.06, df=1, p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS Despite the interviewer-led survey having a higher response rate, the postal survey produced similar health data, which is adequate for planning occupational health programmes for farmers. Extra effort should be made to recruit younger farm workers in future research.
A payment method for health insurance purchasing cooperatives.

Health insurance purchasing cooperatives (HIPCs) combine the resources of governmental entities, employers, and consumers to manage competition and motivate efficiency among health plans. They need incentive-conscious payment methods that fulfill three functions. First, health plans must be motivated to search continually for better methods of service delivery; the HIPC should not pay more to health plans that experience higher costs due to inefficiency. Second, health plans must be discouraged from selectively enrolling healthy individuals and avoiding the chronically ill; the HIPC should make larger payments to those plans serving a high-risk population. Third, health plans must be motivated to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of new technologies and procedures; the HIPC should rigorously negotiate health plan requests for premium increases over time.
Integrated Bandpass Filter Balun Based on Double-Sided Parallel-Strip Line with An Inserted Conductor Plane

In this paper, a novel integrated bandpass filter balun based on the double-sided parallel-strip line (DSPSL) with an inserted conductor plane is proposed. The conductor plane, inserted into the middle of the substrate, can function as virtual ground plane to convert the top and bottom identical resonators into two back-to-back microstrip resonators. The out-of-phase feature between the two output ports using the microstrip lines is frequency-independent because the proposed balun is fed by the DSPSL at input port. No transition or matching network between the DSPSL and back-to-back microstrip lines is required. The proposed balun has been demonstrated and verified by the simulated and measured results with good agreement.
Discrimination of Young Women Athletes and Nonathletes Based on Anthropometric, Jumping, and Muscular Strength Measures

The goal was to identify the anthropometric, jumping ability, and muscular strength measures which contributed most to discrimination among young women in track-and-field jumping (n = 20, Jumping group), volleyball (n = 20, Volleyball group), and girls in no activity (n = 20, Control group). Using analysis of covariance and discriminant analysis the Jumping group, as compared to the Volleyball group, had smaller elbow breadth, knee breadth, upper arm circumference, proximal-, mid-, and distal-thigh circumferences, sum of skinfolds, and mesomorphy rating, and Jumping athletes showed larger jump height and muscular strength than the Volleyball group. Measures which contributed most to the discrimination between these groups were the distal-thigh circumference and jump height. Results could, to some extent, help training orientation of young women athletes by identifying whatever factors affect the measures indicated here as the most sensitive discriminators.
Delivery of epilepsy care to adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Epilepsy is common in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). In adulthood, patients with IDD and epilepsy (IDD-E) have neurologic, psychiatric, medical, and social challenges compounded by fragmented and limited care. With increasing neurologic disability, there is a higher frequency of epilepsy, especially symptomatic generalized and treatment-resistant epilepsies. The causes of IDD-E are increasingly recognized to be genetic based on chromosomal microarray analysis to identify copy number variants, gene panels (epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability), and whole-exome sequencing. A specific genetic diagnosis may guide care by pointing to comorbid disorders and best therapy. Therapy to control seizures should be individualized, with drug selection based on seizure types, epilepsy syndrome, concomitant medications, and comorbid disorders. There are limited comparative antiepileptic drug data in the IDD-E population. Vagus nerve and responsive neural stimulation therapies and resective surgery should be considered. Among the many comorbid disorders that affect patients with IDD-E, psychiatric and sleep disorders are common but often unrecognized and typically not treated. Transition from holistic and coordinated pediatric to adult care is often a vulnerable period. Communication among adult health care providers is complex but essential to ensure best care when these patients are seen in outpatient, emergency room, and inpatient settings. We propose specific recommendations for minimum care standards for people with IDD-E.
The cost-effectiveness of a new percutaneous ventricular assist device for high-risk PCI patients: mid-stage evaluation from the European perspective

Abstract Objective: A new and smaller percutaneous ventricular assist device (pVAD, Impella, Abiomed, Danvers, MA) has been developed to provide circulatory support in hemodynamically unstable patients and to prevent hemodynamic collapse during high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The objective of the study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of this specific device compared to the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) from the European perspective. Additional analysis on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was conducted for observational purposes only, given its use in some European countries. Methods: A combination of a decision tree and Markov model was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the small, pVAD. The short-term (30-day) effectiveness and safety (early survival, risk of bleeding, and stroke) were modeled, as well as long-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure). The short-term effectiveness and safety data for the device were obtained from two registries (the Europella and USpella), both of which are large multi-center studies in high-risk patient groups. Probabilities of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events were obtained from various published clinical studies. The economic analysis was conducted from a German statutory health insurance perspective and only direct medical costs were included. Cost-effectiveness was estimated over a 10-year time horizon. Results: Compared with IABP, the pVAD generated an incremental quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of 0.22 (with Euro-registry data) and 0.27 (with US-registry data). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the device varied between €38,069 (with Euro-registry data) and €31,727 (with US-registry data) per QALY compared with IABP. Key limitations: Unadjusted, indirect comparisons of short-term effectiveness and safety between the interventions were used in the model. Cost and utility data were retrieved from various sources. Therefore, differences in patient populations may bias the estimated cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: Compared with IABP, the pVAD is a cost-effective intervention for high-risk PCI patients, with ICERs well-below the conventional cost-effectiveness threshold.
Blood‐Brain Barrier Abnormalities in Longstanding Multiple Sclerosis Lesions. An Immunohistochemical Study

Abstract. Thirty-five randomly selected plaques from five patients with longstanding multiple sclerosis were examined immunohistochemically for evidence of extravascular serum proteins. One lesion showed histological evidence of active demyelination and 34 were inactive. In the one active lesion and in 26 of the 34 inactive lesions, serum proteins were detected outside blood vessels in a distribution consistent with leakage during life. The findings suggest that the blood-brain barrier (BBS) is permanently damaged in many old plaques, although to a degree not often detectable by current gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The findings also suggest that in patients with multiple sclerosis, a breached BBB is not by itself sufficient to induce active demyelination. Continuous exposure of demyelinated axons and glia to cytokines, antibody or other factors present in the circulation might be important, however, in preventing oligodendrocyte regeneration and new myelin formation in longstanding lesions.
A Switched&#8211;Resistors Implementation of Compensators for Wave Reflections in Transmission Lines

In this paper we propose an approximated current– injection implementation of the wave reflection compensators derived in our previous works that can be easily realized with current technology. First, the (discrete) transfer function of the compensator is approximated by its truncated series. Then, the resulting finite impulse response is realized with switched–shunt resistors. Since the resistors are switched on only during brief time periods, and are actually disconnected after the transient wave reflections phenomenon, the extracted power is small making the implementation practically feasible. Notation We define the differentiation and advance–delay operators, acting on signals x: R→R, as (p<sup>k</sup>x)(t)\#25B5\ d<sup>k</sup>/dt<sup>k</sup>x(t) and (q<sup>±k</sup>x)(t)=x(t±kd/n), respectively, where d∈R<inf>+</inf>and k,n∈Z<inf>+</inf>. Their Laplace transform counterparts, which are used to define transfer functions, are s and z = e<sup>d/n s</sup>, respectively.
ℋ∞ state-feedback control of linear systems with time-varying input delays

In this paper, we will address the state-feedback control synthesis problem for linear systems with time-varying input delays under the integral quadratic constraint (IQC) framework. A new exact-memory control scheme is first proposed, which consists of a standard linear state-feedback control law and an internal delay loop. The delay loop is embedded in the controller structure so as to reproduce the input delay behavior of the plant. With this controller structure, the resulting delay control synthesis problem is fully characterized by a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are convex on all design variables including the scaling factors associated with the IQC multipliers. The corresponding results on memoryless state-feedback control are also derived for cases when input-delay information is not available for feedback control. A numerical example has been used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Congenital Ichthyosis in Severe Type II Gaucher Disease with a Homozygous Null Mutation

This paper describes a neonate with type II Gaucher disease. The phenotype was unusually severe with congenital ichthyosis, hepatosplenomegaly, muscular hypotonia, myoclonus and respiratory failure. Electron microscopy of the skin revealed lamellar body contents in the stratum corneum interstices, appearances considered to be typical of type II Gaucher disease. The baby died from respiratory failure 1 month postpartum having made no neurological progress. Molecular analysis identified a previously not reported homozygous null mutation, c.1505G→A of the β-glucocerebrosidase gene.