Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Significance of thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1) expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma

Objective To investigate the expression of thyroid transcription factor 1(TTF-1) in different patterns of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and its relation to the origin of the tumour and to confirm the specificity of TTF-1 for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods A tissue array including 133 cases of primary lung adenocarcinomas,9 primary salivary adenocarcinomas,and 14 pulmonary metastatic adenocarcinomas,as well as 5 pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasized to other organs was studied.Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded sections using anti-TTF-1 CDX2,ER,PR,PSA,CD10 and Tg antibodies. Results In normal lungs TTF-1 expressed in the terminal respiratory units.Furthermore, the expression was maintained in 85.7% of the adenocarcinoma.The staining in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas was less than that in well-differentiated group(P=0.002). Of the peripheral adenocarcinomas exhibited higher positive expression than those of central bronchial origin(P=0.029). Conclusion TTF-1 staining is useful in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinomas and it may be a lineage marker for tumours arising from the peripheral airway or alveolar epithelium.
6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)对不同氮素水平下玉米叶片衰老过程中光系统II性能的调控效应

A two years experiment was conducted using maize inbred line Qi 319 with different nitrogen fertilization levels and exogenous hormone 6 benzyl adenine (6-BA) treatments. The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll content and net photosyn- thetic rate (Pn) were gradually decreased after anthesis. In treatments of 6-BA without nitrogen fertilizer, chlorophyll contents were increased significantly, but P n showed no significant increase, and the activity of PSII reaction center was not increased. Under the condition of applying nitrogen fertilizer, P n and the activity of PSII reaction center were increased significantly, and based on nitrogen fertilizer used, the 6-BA could improve the response of P n and performance of PSII to nitrogen fertilizer effectively. Under the nitrogen fertilizer and 6-BA interaction conditions, the chlorophyll content and P n were increased significantly (P0.05), the activities of donor site and acceptor site of PSII were increased significantly, and the donor site was improved more than that of acceptor site. The most obvious improvement of the activity of PSII reaction center was appeared at the 10th day after anthesis. The improvement of photosynthetic performance significantly improved the single plant dry matter accumulation and grain yield (P0.05). In conclusion, spraying plant with 6-BA under suitable application of nitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve the photosynthetic performance of maize leaf.
On Dynamics and Invariant Sets in Predator-Prey Maps

A multitude of physical, chemical, or biological systems evolving in discrete time can be modelled and studied using difference equations (or iterative maps). Here we discuss local and global dynamics for a predator-prey two-dimensional map. The system displays an enormous richness of dynamics including extinctions, co-extinctions, and both ordered and chaotic coexistence. Interestingly, for some regions we have found the so-called hyperchaos, here given by two positive Lyapunov exponents. An important feature of biological dynamical systems, especially in discrete time, is to know where the dynamics lives and asymptotically remains within the phase space, that is, which is the invariant set and how it evolves under parameter changes. We found that the invariant set for the predator-prey map is very sensitive to parameters, involving the presence of escaping regions for which the orbits go out of the domain of the system (the species overcome the carrying capacity) and then go to extinction in a very fast manner. This theoretical finding suggests a potential dynamical fragility by which unexpected and sharp extinctions may take place.
Intrauterine insemination, what do we really know? A critical appraisal of the literature

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first line treatment in couples with unexplained subfertility, cervical factor subfertility and male subfertility. To appraise the effectiveness of IUI for these three indications, we performed a systematic review and a comprehensive series of meta-analyses. We included Cochrane reviews and searched the literature for additional studies. Outcomes were live birth, ongoing pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and multiple pregnancy . We were able to include 14 studies reporting on IUI for unexplained subfertility, two studies reporting on IUI for cervical factor subfertility and nine studies reporting on IUI in male subfertility. In couples with unexplained subfertility, IUI without controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) was associated with higher ongoing pregnancy rates than expectant management (relative risk (RR) 1.3, [95% CI 0.84 to 1.9]), whereas IUI with COH was more effective than IUI without COH (RR 1.8, [95% CI 1.2 to 2.7]). However, in couples with relatively good prospects for spontaneous pregnancy, there was no benefit from IUI with COH over expectant management . In couples with a cervical factor, IUI without COH was associated with higher pregnancy rates compared to expectant management (RR 1.6, [95% CI 0.87 to 3.1]), but addition of COH did not further improve the pregnancy rates (RR 1.0, [95% CI 0.59 to 1.8]). In couples with male subfertility, IUI was more effective than expectant manage ment, although the limited power of the included studies hampers strong conclusions. In these couples, addition of COH also had no extra benefit (RR 0.92, [95% CI 0.46 to 1.8]). Studies comparing IUI and IVF were rare, limiting assess ment of the strategy of IVF as first line treatment. Despite the fact that IUI is one of the most frequently used treatments in reproductive medicine, our review shows that the number of studies assessing it’s effectiveness is limited and that most of these studies had small sample sizes. This results in imprecise effect estimates, as demonstrated by the non significant effects and large confidence intervals. Also, many studies did not adhere to present quality standards for design, conduct and report of clinical trials. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more RCTs in which IUI is compared to expectant management or IVF.
Poly (ADP-ribosylation) of HMGB1 facilitates its acetylation and promotes HMGB1 translocation-associated chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemia cells

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is one of the most common and curable types of cancer in paediatric patients. However, chemotherapeutic resistance is a difficult but common obstacle when treating leukaemia in the clinical setting. Studies have demonstrated that drug resistance is partly attributable to autophagy induced by multiple chemotherapeutic agents. As an evolutionarily conserved non-histone chromatin-binding protein, high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is considered to be an important factor in autophagy, and regulates autophagy at multiple levels via different subcellular localisations. In the present study, it was revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs induced autophagy in leukaemia cells and that translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an important molecular event in this process. It was further demonstrated that poly (ADP-ribosylation) of HMGB1 facilitates its acetylation, thereby inducing HMGB1 translocation and ultimately promoting chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemic cells. Targeted HMGB1 translocation may overcome chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemia.
ハマチにおける脱脂大豆粕(SBM)の利用性

The availability of defatted soybean meal (SBM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) in a newly developed soft-dry pellet (SDP) was evaluated by feeding SDP containing 0-50% SBM to both juvenile and adult yellowtail. Palatability or acceptability of the experimental SDP was not influenced by the inclusion of SBM up to 50%. Growth and feed gain ratio were highest in both sizes of fish fed on the control FM diet but decreased corresponding to the elevation of SBM levels. This might be due to the reduced levels of protein and energy in the SBM diets resulting from the difference in protein and lipid contents between FM and SBM, as the diets were not iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. This was also supported by the result that the weight gain per digestible energy or protein intake did not differ greatly among the experimental groups. A diet with 25 % SBM and 15% corn gluten meal (CGM) showed better feed performances than the 40% SBM diet, suggesting the availability of CGM as a protein source in combination with SBM. These results together with hemochemical assessments and rheological properties have shown that SBM can be included as a protein source up to 30% in place of FM in SDP for yellowtail without any adverse effects.
Plasma Antioxidant Vitamins Are Not Related to Body Mass Index but Socio-demographic Factors among Apparently Healthy Nigerians Resident in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State

Introduction: Existing literature suggests that oxidative stress may be an important underlying denominator for obesity development and its co-morbidities. The beneficial role of antioxidants in the prevention of oxidative stress and development of diseases is well known. The present study explored the associations between antioxidant vitamins and body mass index (BMI) with other health-related factors in apparently healthy Nigerians. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 443 apparently healthy adults aged 18-83 years (mean 38.4±13.7 years) were recruited. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic data of the participants while weight (kg) and height (m) were determined using standard procedures. Participants were categorised as underweight (n=18), normal weight (n=259), overweight (n=124) and obese (n=42) in accordance with WHO BMI classification. Blood samples were collected for determination of antioxidant vitamins A, C and E using HPLC. Results: The prevalence of obesity in our study population was 9.5%. Obesity and overweight were found to be more prevalent among the artisans and individuals with secondary education. Vitamins A, C and E levels were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the BMI groups. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a non-significant relationship between plasma antioxidant vitamins and BMI in apparently healthy Nigerians in Abakaliki. However, our study suggests that secondary education and the middle age group (31-40 years) may be associated with overweight and obesity.
JAYA ALGORITHM BASED TUNING OF PID CONTROLLER

In this work, Jaya based PID controller tuning is presented for position control of DC servo-motor motor. The performance index considered is integral of squared error (ISE) of unit step input. The controller settings are obtained by minimizing the ISE using Jaya algorithm. The Jaya algorithm is used due to being simple and free from algorithm specific parameters. The simulation results are obtained for proposed method as well as for other existing techniques. The results show that the Jaya based tuning provides satisfactory response. Keywords— Integral of squared error, Jaya algorithm, PID controller, Position control, Servo-motor.
Firms’ labor cost savings and recruitment of non-western immigrants : The unintended effect of a payroll tax reform

Immigrants have long faced great challenges in European labor markets, and policymakers in many countries are struggling to improve immigrants’ labor market integration. This paper evaluates whether a Swedish youth payroll tax cut had the unintended effect of promoting employment of nonwestern immigrants. The reform generated firm-level labor cost savings, which were proportional to the number of young employees at the time of the reform implementation. Utilizing matched employer-employee data, this study investigates the effect of these labor cost savings on the recruitment of nonwestern immigrants. The findings suggest a strong and positive link between firms’ labor cost savings and their subsequent hiring of first-generation nonwestern immigrants, which is largely driven by increased employment of older immigrants who were not targeted by the reform. Within the analyzed sample of firms, 1,100 jobs were created for this group, which corresponds to a net job creation that is more than proportionate to the group’s population share. The youth payroll tax reform thus had employment-promoting effects outside its target group, illustrating that general labor cost reductions can lower barriers against immigrant employment and enhance the labor market opportunities for non-western immigrants.
Adenovirus and RSV infections during pregnancy and their relationship to orofacial clefts

This article reports the relationship between prenatal respiratory infections such as human respiratory adenovirus (HRAV) and/or human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and orofacial clefts (OFC). Specific antibodies against HRAV and HRSV were investigated serologically (ELISA) in newborns with orofacial cleft and their mothers. The results were compared with those obtained from healthy newborns (controls) and their mothers. Statistical evaluation revealed significant changes in HRAV IgA antibodies between mothers of children with OFC and mothers with healthy newborns. HRSV antibodies of newborns with OFC were changed only marginaly ( p = 0.0665) compared to controls. Our results indicate possible involvement of HRSV and HRAV in congenital orofacial defects, however these results have to be confirmed in larger scale study.
A Novel Dual Ports Antenna for Handheld RFID Reader Applications

A compact antenna utilizes two ports to transmit and receive signal separately, different with conventional handheld RFID readers with single port. The proposed antenna can enhance receive sensitivity of handheld RFID readers, since the strong transmitting signal of reader with single port is usually highly coupled with weak receiving backscatter signal of tag. The antenna uses U-shape aperture coupled patch structure that occupies less volume and provides further space-saving efficiency. It is fed by two T-shape microstrip lines with rectangle stubs. The U-shape apertures are used to excite two orthogonal modes for dual polarized operation. The height of the air substrate is reduced to only 4 mm (0.032 wavelength) and the volume of antenna is 80 mm×80 mm×6.8 mm, which is easy to integrate in Handheld RFID readers. The measured results show -10 dB matching band and -25 dB isolation band from 2.2 GHz to 2.6 GHz and from 2 GHz to 2.6 GHz, respectively. The minimum isolation is -50 dB at 2.48 GHz. The antenna is suitable for applications in handheld RFID readers.
Organisational Culture as a Determinant of Business Process Management in the Community Offices in Poland

The application of business process management (BPM) in public organizations is determined by multiple factors and, according to numerous studies, organizational culture is one of them. Therefore, the aim of the study presented in the article was to identify the organizational culture factors which occur in community offices in Poland. Subsequently, the identified factors were assessed in the context of their significance in the introduction and development of BPM in the examined entities. As a result of the conducted study, it was possible to indicate not only the factors, which have the potential to stimulate the implementation and extension of the concept in the community offices, but also the elements recognized as its barriers. Among the factors that can be considered as the mentioned stimulants, these were: the possibility of exchanging opinions with one’s superiors and colleagues, the will to learn and to broaden one’s knowledge, good and friendly interpersonal relations, or an orientation towards service quality. And among the elements that can be perceived as barriers, one can identify a lack of positive attitude to change or the formalization arising from the law.
High-Performing Au-Ag Bimetallic Catalysts Supported on Macro-Mesoporous CeO2 for Preferential Oxidation of CO in H2-Rich Gases

We report here an investigation on the preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide in an H2-rich stream (CO-PROX reaction) over mono and bimetallic Au-Ag samples supported on macro-mesoporous CeO2. The highly porous structure of ceria and the synergistic effect, which occurs between the bimetallic Au-Ag system and the support, led to promising catalytic performance at low temperature (CO2 yield of 88% and CO2 selectivity of 100% at 60 ◦C), which is suitable for a possible application in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The morphological, structural, textural and surface features of the catalysts were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), N2-adsoprtion-desorption measurements, Temperature Programmed Reduction in hydrogen (H2-TPR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the catalytic stability of the best active catalyst, i.e., the AuAg/CeO2 sample, was evaluated also in the presence of water vapor and carbon dioxide in the gas stream. The excellent performances of the bimetallic sample, favored by the peculiar porosity of the macro-mesoporous CeO2, are promising for possible scale-up applications in the H2 purification for PEM fuel cells.
FAM 49 B , a novel regulator of mitochondrial function and integrity that 1 suppresses tumour metastasis 2 3

28 Mitochondrial dysregulation plays a central role in cancers and drives reactive oxygen 29 species (ROS)-dependent tumour progression. We investigated the pro-tumoural roles of 30 mitochondrial dynamics and altered intracellular ROS levels in pancreatic ductal 31 adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We identified “family with sequence similarity 49 member B” 32 (FAM49B) as a mitochondria-localized protein that regulates mitochondrial fission and 33 cancer progression. Silencing FAM49B in PDAC cells resulted in increased fission and 34 mitochondrial ROS generation, which enhanced PDAC cell proliferation and invasion. 35 Notably, FAM49B expression levels in PDAC cells were downregulated by the tumour 36 microenvironment. Overall, the results of this study show that FAM49B acts as a suppressor 37 of cancer cell proliferation and invasion in PDAC by regulating tumour mitochondrial redox 38 reactions and metabolism. 39
Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Ceftriaxone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia

BackgroundMultiple in vitro studies have demonstrated Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to &bgr;-lactams, including ceftriaxone. The clinical impact of resistance has not been fully evaluated in patients with pneumonia caused by drug-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae. MethodsAdult inpatients 18 or older and younger than 89 years with a diagnosis of pneumonia plus a respiratory culture positive for S. pneumoniae between January 2007 and September 2012 were evaluated. Patients with pneumonia due to ceftriaxone-resistant (minimum inhibitory concentration >1 µg/mL) S. pneumoniae (CRSP) were compared with those with ceftriaxone-susceptible S. pneumoniae (CSSP). Statistical significance was ascertained using 2-tailed &khgr;2 or Fisher exact test. ResultsThirty patients were evaluated: 10 with CRSP and 20 with CSSP. No patient with CRSP had prior ceftriaxone exposure. Seven CRSP patients (70%) achieved a clinical cure compared with 14 CSSP patients (70%) (P = 1.00). Time to clinical cure for CRSP was 4 (1–5) days compared with 8 (3–12) days for CSSP (P = 0.51). Length of stay and infection-related length of stay were 17 days (9–23) and 9 days (7–13) for patients with CRSP, respectively, compared with 15 (8–20) days and 8 (7–13) days for patients with CSSP (P = 0.46, 0.74). No patient with CRSP died or was readmitted for pneumonia. Of the 10 CRSP isolates, 100% were resistant to azithromycin, 90% to penicillin, and 70% to cefepime. ConclusionsAlthough differences in clinical outcomes were not observed, isolates resistant to ceftriaxone were more likely to be multidrug resistant. As the proportion of pneumococcal isolates with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations to &bgr;-lactams continues to rise, treatment options may become more limited.
Interleukin-8 in gastrointestinal inflammation and malignancy: induction and clinical consequences

Owing to its immense surface area, the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is continually subject to numerous endogenous and exogenous antigens capable of induc- ing an inflammatory response in the appropriate setting. In certain individuals, these inflam - matory responses may also become dysregulated and result in the development of chronic GI inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Furthermore, gastric and colonic malignant processes are extremely common and, to date, still have high mortality rates. As a result, con- tinuing research has focused on elucidating potential molecular mechanisms involved in these processes in an attempt to understand the pathophysiology of these diseases and, potentially, aid in the development of novel therapeutics. Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) is a small molecular weight chemokine identified almost 30 years ago. Ongoing research has demonstrated that this factor contributes to a multitude of pathophysiological processes within the GI tract, including chronic GI inflammatory states, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and gastric and colonic carcinomas. This review highlights the role of CXCL8 in GI inflammation and malignancy. It describes molecular mechanisms involved in promoting and restraining CXCL8 production in GI cells and how CXCL8 contributes to the pathophysiology of a variety of GI inflammatory processes. Finally, this review describes a variety of mechanisms by which CXCL8-CXCL1/2 signaling may contribute to GI malignancy.
Kidney transplantation in patients with an abnormal lower urinary tract

Renal transplantation in patients with lower urinary tract abnormalities is a challenging procedure for both surgeon and patient. The role of patient participation is important while selecting among urinary drainage options. Use of native bladder with or without augmentation is the preferred option if feasible and suitable. Otherwise, urinary diversion is necessary. There is a greater incidence of urinary tract infection in these patients, but overall graft and patient survival remains equivalent to that observed in patients with normal lower urinary tracts. Patients with end-stage renal disease and severe lower urinary tract abnormalities should be evaluated and given the option of renal transplantation if found otherwise suitable.
Peptide nanomaterials for drug delivery applications.

Self-assembled peptides have been shown to form well-defined nanostructures which display outstanding characteristics for many biomedical applications and especially in controlled drug delivery. Such biomaterials are becoming increasingly popular due to routine, standardized methods of synthesis, high biocompatibility, biodegradability and ease of upscale. Moreover, one can modify the structure at the molecular level to form various nanostructures with a wide range of applications in the field of medicine. Through environmental modifications such as changes in pH and ionic strength and the introduction of enzymes or light it is possible to trigger self-assembly and design a host of different self-assembled nanostructures. The resulting nanostructures include nanotubes, nanofibers, hydrogels and nanovesicles which all display a diverse range of physico-chemical and mechanical properties. Depending on their design, peptide self-assembling nanostructures can be manufactured with improved biocompatibility and in-vivo stability and the ability to encapsulate drugs with the capacity for sustained drug delivery. These molecules can act as carriers for drug molecules to ferry cargo intracellularly and respond to stimuli changes for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. This review explores the types of self-assembling nanostructures, the effects of external stimuli on and the mechanisms behind the assembly process, and applications for such technology in drug delivery.