Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analgesia epidural vs. analgesia en la herida quirúrgica para el control del dolor agudo postoperatorio en cirugía de colon abierta

espanolRESUMEN Objetivo: Establecer si los cateteres incisionales proporcionan la misma analgesia para el control del DAP (dolor agudo postoperatorio) con menor numero de efectos secundarios que la analgesia epidural en pacientes postoperados de cirugia de colon abierta. Material y metodos: Se trata de un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de 33 pacientes en los que se ha utilizado analgesia epidural entre noviembre de 2013 y noviembre de 2014 y prospectivo donde se utilizo un cateter colocado en la herida quirurgica entre noviembre de 2014 y noviembre de 2015 en 25 pacientes. Las variables a estudio fueron: demograficas (sexo, fecha de nacimiento, IMC, peso y altura, alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales y riesgo anestesico segun la escala ASA), duracion de la intervencion desde la hora de la incision quirurgica hasta la del cierre de la herida, tecnica quirurgica (colon derecho, izquierdo o sigma) y numero de cateteres utilizados. Resultados: Se incluyeron a 58 pacientes. Al 56,9 % se les suministro analgesia epidural. Los pacientes del grupo Incisional presentaron un aumento significativo del dolor entre los 150 minutos y las 24 horas (1,20 frente a 3,50 p EnglishABSTRACT Objective: To establish if the incisional catheters provide the same analgesia for the control of DAP (postoperative acute pain) with fewer side effects than epidural analgesia in postoperative patients of open colon surgery. Material and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 33 patients in whom epidural analgesia was used between November 2013 and November 2014, and prospective where a catheter placed in the surgical wound was used between November 2014 and November 2015 in 25 patients. The variables studied were: demographic (sex, date of birth, BMI, weight and height, drug allergies, personal history and anesthetic risk according to the ASA scale), duration of the intervention from the time of the surgical incision to the wound closure, surgical technique (right left or sigma colon) and number of catheters used. Results: We included 58 patients. 56.9 % were given epidural analgesia. Patients in the Incisional group had a significant increase in pain between 150 minutes and 24 hours (1.20 vs. 3.50 p
Notes on the biology of Cephalurus cephalus and Parmaturus xaniurus (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) from the west coast of Baja California Sur, México

Manuscript accepted 17 August 1999. Fish. Bull. 98:219–221 (2000). The head, or lollipop, shark (Cephalurus cephalus) and filetail catshark (Parmaturus xaniurus) are found in the eastern Pacific in waters ranging from 245 to 828 m and from 91 to 1251 m depth, respectively (Castro, 1983). Little is known of their biology because they are rarely captured. Cephalurus cephalus is a benthic catshark and has been recorded from southern California, Gulf of California, the Revillagigedo Archipelago, and off the coasts of Peru and Chile (Kato et al., 1967; Melendez and Meneses, 1989; Pequeno, 1989). Mathews and Ruiz (1974) reported it from the upper Gulf of California, Mexico, and Castro-Aguirre (1981) gave basic information about its morphology, taxonomy, and ecology based on 11 specimens from this locale. Parmaturus xaniurus is distributed from central California to the Gulf of California (Castro, 1983). Cross (1988) has described its general biology and Lee (1969) reported that, in the Santa Barbara basin, it consumed myctophids. Cailliet1 concluded that juveniles were mesopelagic, adults demersal, and noted that efforts to determine their age have failed because of the absence of annual rings on the vertebrae. The objective of this study was to provide additional data on the biology of C. cephalus and P. xaniurus, with information on length-weight relationships, and notes on reproductive biology, including the sizes of oocytes and embryos, the sex ratio of embryos, and clasper length, for specimens from the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Infections caused by the Oomycetous pathogen Pythium insidiosum

L'infection Pythium insidiosum est une maladie animale et humaine des regions tropicales, sub-tropicales et temperees. L'agent est un microorganisme du regne Chromista, phylum Pseudofungi, classe Oomycetes, famille Pythiaceae. La premiere observation de la maladie a ete rapportee au siecle dernier chez les equidees presentant des granulomes cutanes. Pythium insidiosum a ete isole pour la premiere fois par Haan et Hoogkamer qui n'ont pas reussi a l'identifier, leurs cultures etant steriles. Quelques annees apres, Bridges et Emmons ont isole un organisme similaire des granulomes des equides au Texas. Ils ont propose le nom Hyphomyces destruens, designation non justifiee basee sur le nom de la maladie appelee « hyphomycosis destruens equi ». Austwick et Copland, en 1974, ont stimule la production de zoospores, qui sont similaires a ceux produits par des membres du genre Pythium, chez un microorganisme qu'ils ont isole chez des chevaux atteints du « cancer du marais » en Nouvelle-Guinee. Plus recemment, de Cock et al. ont propose le nom P. insidiosum pour inclure toutes les souches isolees de tous les cas de pythiosis insidiosi. Cette maladie a ete observee chez chats, betail, chiens, chevaux, ours polaire en captivite et chez des humains. Les plus importants aspects de cette infection, y compris la biologie et le cycle de vie de P. insidiosum, ainsi que l'epidemiologie, les signes cliniques, la pathologie, le diagnostic (inoculation chez l'homme, mycologie et serologie) et le traitement une fois que cette infection a ete reconnue comme maladie tropicale.
SECURITY ASPECTS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

: - WSNs are mostly deployed unguarded in hostile environment which attracts an intruder for capturing a node or at least compromise it physically by shifting its code or extracting private sensitive information like cryptographic keys. By nature, wireless medium is intrinsically broadcast for communication amid nodes which makes them more prone to attacks like sniffing and spoofing, thereby totally altering operation of WSN. The main purpose is to collect environment related values which may be defeated due to existence of the attacks means to provide security to data as well as nodes. The focus is on the all security aspects issues, aims, objectives characteristics and provisions
The Dynamics of International Migration: A Three Step Empirical Model of Bangladeshi Migrants in Italy

This paper empirically examines the relations between wealth, migration costs and networks in determining migration decisions. The aims of this research is to improve the methodological approach in the study of the determinants of migration, to provide policy-makers with better forecasting instruments to avoid the unpredictable and undesirable consequences of immigration reforms. A three step procedure based on Instrumental Variable and Inverse Mills Ratio (IMR) is applied to identify the effect of selection (Probit and IV-Probit) and to examine the number of migrants a household sends abroad (IMR and IV Regression). Findings delve out that Bangladeshi migrants belong to the middle of the income distribution in Bangladesh. Migration and wealth are non-linearly related. Household and community networks increase the migration propensity. Specifically, when large enough, networks further increase the migration propensity of the households belonging to the middle-left of the income distribution. Community and household-level networks are partially substitutes and partially complements. This study suggests that the effect of Italian legislation on Bangladeshi migration should be investigated in more detail, focusing not on the aggregate level of analysis, but on checking whether changes in legislation have generated changes in the composition of migration flows.
Relationship between clutch size, egg volume and hatching success in a Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis colony in south-eastern Tunisia

This study aimed to test the hypothesis that clutch size covaries with egg volume and hatching success in the Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis. We determined clutch size and egg volume in a sample of 131 nests, and we used the data to check whether egg volume varied among nests according to clutch size, while taking into account the effects of egg laying order. We also estimated hatching success rate and investigated the relationship between hatching success and clutch size. Egg volume varied among clutches according to clutch size, with eggs being larger in three-egg clutches than in two-egg clutches. Moreover, three-egg clutches showed higher daily survival rates, and hence hatching success, than two-egg clutches. Overall, our results suggest that in the Yellow-legged Gull clutch size covaries with egg volume and hatching success, which could possibly reflect an age effect through different mechanisms. Indeed, older females could be hypothesised to exhibit greater breeding performance than younger females because of their higher experience in tapping energy resources for egg formation and defending nests from dangers. Moreover, due to their age, older females are likely to have lower residual reproductive potential and should invest more heavily in current breeding attempts.
On the thermodynamics of prediction under dissipative adaptation

On the one hand, the dissipated heat of a thermodynamic work extraction process upper bounds the non-predictive information, which the associated system encodes about its environment. Thus, emergent information processing capabilities can be understood from the perspective of a pressure towards high thermodynamic efficiency. On the other hand, the second law of thermodynamics plays a crucial role in the emergence of complex, self-organising dissipative structures. Such structures are thermodynamically favoured, because they can dissipate free energy reservoirs, which would not be accessible otherwise. Thereby, they allow a closed system to move from one meta-stable state to another meta-stable state of higher entropy. This paper will argue, that these two views are not contradictory, but that their combination allows to understand the transition from simple self-organising dissipative structures to complex information processing systems. If the efficiency required by a dissipative structure to harvest enough work from the channeled flow of free energy to maintain its own structure is high, there is a drive for this system to be predictive. Still, the existence of this dissipative system is thermodynamically favoured, compared to a situation without any dissipative structure. Due to the emergence of a hierarchy of dissipative systems, which by themselves are non-equilibrium structures that can be dissipated, such a drive develops naturally, as one ascends in this hierarchy further and further away from the initial driving disequilibrium.
A short chemical review on Salix caprea commonly Known as Goat willow

Salix caprea (Salicaceae) is one of the medicinal plants in Kashmir valley, commonly known as Goat willow. Plants are the natural industry for the production of secondary metabolites. Crude drugs are the natural sources for isolation of natural products which are used as medicines. So the current knowledge of their chemical composition is necessary for research work. In this short chemical review we have summarised the chemical composition or chemical constituents which were earlier isolated from various parts of the Salix caprea. This chemical review definitely stimulates the researchers and scientists for further work on Salix caprea.
The normal microflora: new concepts in health promotion

Revue des principaux microorganismes de la microflore humaine. Discussion sur le role benefique de la microflore banale pour les vertebres: resistance vis-a-vis des microorganismes pathogenes, apports nutritionnel, reduction du taux de cholesterol, role dans les phenomenes immunologiques, detoxification, role de la microflore des produits laitiers fermentes chez les sujets ne tolerant pas le lactose
Alternative feeding strategies and genetics for providing adequate methionine in organic poultry diets with limited use of synthetic amino acids

Currently, synthetic methionine (Met) use in organic poultry diets in the United States is limited to 1, 1, and 1.5 kg per metric tonne of feed for laying hens, broilers, and turkeys and other poultry, respectively. This limitation, and the push to ban the use of synthetic Met entirely, makes it challenging to formulate diets to meet the requirements of these birds. Methionine levels can be maintained in organic poultry diets without synthetics by dramatic increases in dietary crude protein; however, the ramifications of such high crude protein intake are major increases in feed cost and environmental concerns due to increased nitrogen excretion, rises in ammonia emissions, and subsequent welfare issues. This review examines alternative bird genetics and feeding strategies that have the potential to reduce or eliminate the need for synthetic Met in organic poultry diets. Alterative ‘heritage’ breeds may have lower Met needs as a percentage of the total diet; however, these birds have substantially slower growth and are less productive compared to typical commercial breeds. Feeding strategies that have been examined to reduce Met inclusion in the diet, such as allowing birds to forage, providing low Met density diets to encourage increased feed intake and subsequently make up for the Met deficiency, allowing birds to self select between energy-rich ingredients and protein concentrates to meet their Met needs by instinct, or supplementing methyl donors (betaine or choline) or inorganic sulphate, have been shown to make up for marginal Met deficiencies in some instances. However, there is no one solution to this issue that has been found thus far. A combination of genetics, feeding strategies, and alternative ingredients may provide the most favourable solution in the future.
Acetylglycerylether phosphorylcholine-(AGEPC) and leukotriene B4-stimulated cyclic AMP levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

It seems paradoxical that AGEPC induces a transient rise in cyclic AMP, yet the preincubation of neutrophils with agents that elevate cyclic AMP actually inhibits AGEPC-induced aggregation. However, similar transient elevations in cyclic AMP are observed using other stimulators of PMN function such as fmet-leu-phe, C5a (22), immune complexes (24), and phagocytosable particles (11). Elevations in cyclic AMP by PGE1, PGI2, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, before the addition of an agonist, also blocked subsequent neutrophil activation in the above studies. Thus, these observations are not unique to AGEPC. However, the finding that the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin enhanced AGEPC-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation is a novel observation and suggests that some oxygenated derivative of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway is responsible for the increase in cyclic AMP. The evidence for the association of the spike in cyclic AMP and the 5-lipoxygenase is strengthened by the observation that the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor U-60257 attenuates the AGEPC-induced spike in cyclic AMP. It should be noted that U-60257 does not antagonize LTB4-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation and has no direct influence on the neutrophil adenylate cyclase. The final correlation of the spike in cyclic AMP and the 5-lipoxygenase is made by the fact that LTB4 itself stimulates cyclic AMP levels in intact neutrophils as well as the adenylate cyclase in cell homogenates. As is the case with AGEPC, the transient spike in cyclic AMP induced by LTB4 is coincident with the onset of neutrophil aggregation. However, it is clear that the spike in neutrophil cyclic AMP induced by AGEPC can be dissociated from neutrophil aggregation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
HLA-G in the human placenta: expression and potential functions.

HLA-G is a non-classical class I molecule specifically expressed in the placenta, suggesting that it might have a physiological function at the materno-foetal interface. The structural characteristics of HLA-G, the placental pattern of expression and the functional properties of this class Ib glycoprotein in vitro are described and evaluated in the context of pregnancy. The possible anti-viral function of HLA-G, its modulatory role of natural killer cell activity and its likely nonimmunological functions are discussed.
Farmer's Bookshelf: A Computerized Hypermedia Information System for Crops

F armers need up-to-date information on production practices and industry status to make sound management decisions. Information usually comes from other farmers, extension specialists, and agents. Published sources include extension bulletins, proceedings of commodity group meetings and workshops, and, in Hawaii, the “Industry Analysis” (Bittenbender et al., 1988). These methods do have shortcomings. With many clientele, it may be difficult for extension personnel to service everyone adequately. Information presented at annual commodity group meetings may be late getting to the farmers. If the material is lengthy, it can be frustrating for the reader to find a specific topic. Extension publications become outdated or out of print. In Hawaii, a commodity industry analysis is published only every 3 years. Up-to-date information is needed in a simple and easily accessible form. We wanted to develop a computerized information system that could present current information to extension personnel and farmers in a straightforward format. Such a computerized information system that uses HyperCard (Apple Computer Co., Cupertino, Calif.) on an Apple Macintosh computer is the “Farmer’s Bookshelf’ (Bittenbender and Kobayashi, 1989). Program development. HyperCard is an information management program based on the principles of “hypermedia” and “hypertext,” Hypermedia is the delivery of information that is cross-referenced with interlinked facts (Goodman, 1987); hypertext is a body of written and pictorial material interconnected in a complex way (Nelson, 1965). Information is sometimes so interconnected that it is more effective and convenient to have it in a hypermedia format for easier access. Hypermedia has been used to present information on how to select landscape plants (Taylor et al., 1990) and to run biological simulation models (Schnase and Leggett, 1989). HyperCard uses the index card idea with information being stored on a group of “cards” called a “stack. ” A card
Patterns in the Distribution of Coral Communities Across the Central Great Barrier Reef

Summary. Despite the pre-eminence of the Great Barrier Reef, there has been little systematic description of its biotic communities, and in particular, of the corals themselves. Only recently have the problems of coral taxonomy been sufficiently resolved to allow a beginning to be made in rectifying this deficiency. The present study describes seventeen assemblages of corals which occupy the major habitat types found in and near the central Great Barrier Reef. The habitats studied range from the wave swept reef flats of Coral Sea atolls to the slopes of small reefs occupying sheltered, muddy conditions near the coast. These, and the array of reefs between, have characteristic suites of coral communities which provide the basis for a classification of reefs into non-Acropora reefs and various Acropora reefs. It is speculated that the faunistic differences are maintained because reefs are primarily self-seeded and because the majority of larvae from external sources are of species which are already present. The greatest diversity of both species and community types was found on reefs near the middle of the continental shelf, while the oceanic atolls and nearshore silt-affected reefs are almost equally depauperate. of its living communities. One reason is the extreme size and complexity of the GBR. It spans some 1,600 km of coastline and comprises more than 2,000 individual reefs located in 215,000 km 2 of ocean. These reefs are of innumerable shapes and sizes (Maxwell 1968) and occupy an enormous range of hydrologic and meteorologic conditions. Only recently has a concerted effort begun to document large scale patterns of biota in the GBR (see Williams 1982). The aim of this study was to describe pattern in the distribution of coral communities on reefs in a large area in the central GBR extending from the coastline into the Coral Sea (see Fig. 1). Works on coral zonation in other reef provinces indicate that two spatial scales of pattern were to be expected - one associated with gross inshore offshore gradients and another with local variability within the reefs (c.f. Rosen 1975; Adey and Burke 1977; Geister 1977). This study produces a scheme depicting apparent ordering of coral communities in relation to hydrodynamic forces, illumination, and position on the onshore-offshore transect. Two alternate hypotheses to account for the observed patterns are identified.
Estimating lipid and lean masses in a wintering passerine : An evaluation of TOBEC

blers in Puerto Rico. Pages 299-307 in Ecology and conservation of Neotropical migrant landbirds (J. M. Hagan III and D. W. Johnston, Eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. WUNDERLE, J. M. , JR. 1995. Population characteristics of Black-throated Blue Warblers wintering in three sites on Puerto Rico. Auk 112:931-946. WUNDERLE, J. M. , JR., AND S. C. LATTA. 1994. Population biology and turnover of Nearctic migrants wintering in small coffee plantations in the Dominican Republic. Journal fur Ornithologie 135:477. WUNDERLE, J. M. , JR., AND S. C. LATTA. 1996. Avian abundance in sun and shade coffee plantations and remnant pine forest in the Cordillera Central, Dominican Republic. Ornitologia Neotropical 7:19-34. WUNDERLE, J. M. , JR., AND R. B. WAIDE. 1993. Distribution of overwintering Nearctic migrants in the Bahamas and Greater Antilles. Condor 95:904-933. YAHNER, R. , AND D. P. SCOTT. 1988. Effects of forest fragmentation on depredation of artificial nests. Journal of Wildlife Management 52:158-161.
Isolation and Characterization of Protein Derived from Garlic Scale and Their Application in Bone Tissue Engineering

In this project, we aim to find out the protein in garlic scale that could be used as a growth factor for bone cell proliferation. Garlic is one of the most researched bulbs and has immense medicinal values. The aqueous solvent of garlic scale was subjected for ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis to extract out the protein. The protein was concentrated using lyophilization. SDS-PAGE confirmed the presence of a protein of molecular weight 25 kDa approximately. Using the CD Spectroscopy analysis, the percentage of alpha helixes and beta sheets were found out. Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy suggested the presence of protein by showing some characteristics peaks. The endothermic peak for this new formulation shows a broad region of water evaporation. At every concentration, the samples showed a very positive effect on the MG63 cell viability by a considerable increase in the cell proliferation. Thus, protein from garlic scale can be used as a biological response modifier for tissue engineering applications.