Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticancer properties of chitosan against osteosarcoma, breast cancer and cervical cancer cell lines

Background: Cancer is still the most common cause of morbidity in the world. Chitosan, a commonly used natural polymer, is consisted of different molecular weight with different biological activities.The purpose of this study was to determine cytotoxicity effect of high molecular weight (HMWC) and low molecular weight of chitosan (LMWC) on three cancerous cell lines MCF-7, HeLa and Saos-2 with different histological origin. Methods: The anticancer property of two types of chitosan on three cancerous cell lines and human fibroblast as normal cell line, was evaluated by cytotoxic activity including their apoptosis induction properties. Chitosan solutions 2% (w/v) were prepared. The cells were treated by different concentration of chitosan and viability was determined by MTT assay after 24, 48 and 72 h . Also the mode of cell death-apoptosis vs necrosis ,was determined by Annexin V staining assay and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: While both types of chitosan were effective in inhibiting cell proliferation of three cancerous cell lines, fibroblast cells showed somehow more compatibility with chitosan. Despite of a significant decrease in all 3 cell lines viability, up to 90%, but we didn't see a concentration dependent difference between both types of chitosan (HMWC and LMWC) in their cytotoxic effects. Flow cytometry analysis showed necrosis more observable with MCF7 while the apoptosis pattern of death was more in Saos-2 and HeLa. Also, higher viability with both types of chitosan was seen in fibroblast as normal cells. Conclusion: While chitosan is compatible with normal diploid fibroblast cells, it shows anticancerous effect against 3 cancerous cell lines. Furthermore, it seems that the molecular weight of chitosan does not affect its anticancerous property.
Inverted All-Inorganic CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells with Promoted Efficiency and Stability by Nickel Incorporation

All-inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cell with an inverted architecture of indium-tin oxide/poly[3-(4-carboxylbutyl)thiophene]/CsPbI2Br/(6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester/C60/bathocuproine/Ag was fabricated. Together with the incorporation of nickel iodide, perovskite crystallinity and film morphology were promoted. Also, suppressed trap-state density in perovskite film was accomplished due to the passivation effect. Consequently, enhanced champion efficiency of 13.88% with VOC of 1.141 V, JSC of 16.02 mA/cm2, and fill factor of 75.96% was delivered by the doped optimal device, compared with the efficiency of 11.97% of the reference device. Superior device stability was demonstrated for the optimal device both in ambient atmosphere and N2-filled glovebox, without encapsulation. Moreover, improved light stability was also confirmed for optimal device by prolonged operation time, under continuous illumination of simulated solar spectrum. In addition, high-temperature annealing or sintering of int.
Effect of Fermentation using Lactobacillus casei on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Sorghum Flour

Sorghum is one of the high carbohydrate food sources that is still underutilized for processed food products due to its anti-nutritional content and functional properties. Fermentation is one of the processes that can reduce anti-nutritional content and improve the functional properties of sorghum flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus casei fermentation on the physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum flour. Sorghum used in this study was a local variety of KD-4 from Lamongan Dictrict, East Java. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with two factors and three replication. The first factor was the concentration of bacteria in soaking water (0.05%; 0.10%; 0.15%, and 0.20% of the volume of water) and the second factor was the fermentation period (4, 8 and 12 hours). The results showed that concentration of bacteria and fermentation period generally affected the physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum flour. Increasing concentrations of bacteria and fermentation period tended to decrease tannin content, starch, amylopectin, and water and oil absorption but increased the value of whiteness, dietary fiber, amylose, and viscosity of sorghum flour.
Multivariate Investigation of Heavy Metals in the Groundwater for Irrigation and Drinking in Garautha Tehsil, Jhansi District, India

Abstract Groundwater is an important source for drinking and irrigation purposes. Due to anthropogenic activities, heavy metals have been leaching due to industrial waste and agricultural activities to the groundwater causing pollution. The assessment of groundwater quality is necessary to reduce the pollution to acceptable levels. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate heavy metal concentrations in the groundwater of the villages of Garautha Tehsil, Jhansi where the anthropogenic activities are active. The groundwater samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the results were compared to the 2012 Bureau of Indian Standard limits. Three multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking purposes and to investigate the geological and hydrogeological processes. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) identified four factors responsible for the data structure by illuminating the total variance of 77.83% of the dataset. The majority of groundwater samples contained Al, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Fe within the acceptable limits except at few locations. However, the Al, Fe, and Mn concentration were high at a few sites due to rock–water interactions, whereas the concentration of As, Cd, and Zn were lower than their respective permissible limits in all groundwater samples. Furthermore, the groundwater quality for the use of irrigation is found to be acceptable at 19 locations, with only one high result.
Effect of some Auxins and Spraying with Boron and Zinc on Air Layering of Jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] Plants

Two fields experiments were carried out during two successive seasons of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 at the private Farm in Ismailia Governorate, Nursery and Laboratory of Vegt. and Flori. Department Fac. of Agri. Damietta University. This research aimed to study the effect of foliar some micro nutrients [Boron (B) 0.2 g/L or Zinc (Zn) 0.2 g/L] and study the effect of auxins treatment (Indole butyric acid (IBA) 4000 ppm or Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 2000 ppm) in addition control treatment (distilled water) on root formation in layering of jojoba plants. Obtained results revealed that jojoba plants treated with foliar nutrient Zn 0.2 g/L with layers which wounding and treated with IBA at 4000 ppm gave the greatest value of rooting percentage, vegetative growth and chemical constituents.
Overexpression of Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein inhibits cell invasion and migration in lung cancer cells through suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Background Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a small evolutionary conserved protein that was associated with the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway. However, whether RKIP would alter the invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and play the role through suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains to be explored. Methods A549 cells were transfected with RKIP-GV141 plasmid for overexpression of RKIP. Colony formation assay and MTT assay were performed to measure the effects of RKIP on the proliferation and cell viability assay of A549 cells. Transwell, Migration Assay and wound healing assay were performed to analyze the effects of RKIP on the invasion and metastasis of A549 cells. E-cadherin and vimentin were measured by Western blot to conform RKIP affects invasion and metastasis of NSCLC via inhibiting EMT. Results RKIP is downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent normal lung tissues by IHC. Decreased expression of RKIP contributes to poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Age and pTNM stage were independent prognostic factors for adenocarcinoma patients. Overexpression of RKIP reduces the cell viability and limits the proliferation, invasion, and migration of A549 cells in vitro. Wound healing assay showed the degressive ability of metastasis. High expression of E-cadherin and low expression of vimentin indicated that RKIP affects invasion and metastasis of NSCLC via inhibiting EMT. Conclusions RKIP is decreased in NSCLC tissues. Overexpression of RKIP in A549 cells would decrease the cellular proliferation, viability, invasion ability, and metastasis ability probably via inhibiting EMT through upregulating E-cadherin expression and downregulating vimentin expression.
TARGETING VEGF: FROM BENCH TO BEDSIDE

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen in vitro and an angiogenic inducer in a variety of in vivo models (1). The tyrosine kinases Flt-1 (VEGFR-1) and Flk-1/KDR (VEGFR-2) are known to be high affinity VEGF receptors (1). The pivotal role of VEGF in developmental angiogenesis is emphasized by the finding that loss of a single VEGF allele results in defective vascularization and early embryonic lethality (2). Substantial experimental evidence also implicates VEGF as a mediator of pathological angiogenesis. In situ hybridization studies demonstrate intense expression of VEGF mRNA in the majority of human tumors so far examined. AntiVEGF monoclonal antibodies have the ability to block the growth and neovascularization of a broad variety of human tumor cell lines in nude mice (3). A humanized variant of an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (Bevacizumab, Avastin) is presently undergoing clinical trials in multiple types of cancer patients. Recent studies have shown that Avastin results in a significant increase in time to progression in patients with renal cell carcinoma. A pivotal phase III study in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (MCR) has shown that addition of Avastin to IFL regimen (irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin) results in a significant increase in progression-free survival and survival compared to IFL alone (4). These findings represent the first clinical validation in a large phase III study of the hypothesis that blocking angiogenesis may be an effective cancer treatment and led to the FDA approval of Avastin as a first-line treatment for MCR. Very recent data indicate that the addition of Avastin to the FOLFOX4 regimen (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin) results in increased survival even in second-line MCR patients. Several trials are currently ongoing to determine whether the benefit of anti-VEGF therapy may extend to other malignancies. Furthermore, VEGF is implicated in intraocular neovascularization associated with active proliferative retinopathies and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A humanized anti -VEGF Fab (ranibizuman, Lucentis) is presently in phase III for the treatment of the wet form of AMD and preliminary results indicate that the treatment maintains or even improves vision. References 1.
The Impact of Student-Faculty Informal Interpersonal Relationships on Intellectual and Personal Development in the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

This study was conducted to determine the impact of student-faculty informal interpersonal relationships on the intellectual development and personal achievement of students attending the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Specifically, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was generalized with respect to the positive influence of student-faculty interactions on academic outcomes. Additionally, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was extended with a sample of students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Eight hundred subjects were selected for the study; 621 subjects responded. One survey instrument was used. Frequencies and multiple regression analyses were used. A series of studies on student-faculty interaction has shown a significant relationship between student-faculty informal contact and student outcomes. A large number of studies have also indicated that student outcomes are not independent of students' background. Therefore, pre-enrollment characteristics were controlled for this study.
Zinc Amelioration of Cadmium Cytogenetic Disorder during Germination of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Grains

Cytogenetic studies were carried out to investigate the effect of zinc and cadmium, either alone or in combination, on mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations during the germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains after treatment for 6, 12, and 24 h. Cadmium-treated wheat roots had a mitotic index of 2.29, 4.98 and 3.86% after 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively, compared to 8.37, 10.91 and 8.48% for the negative control. Zinc-treated roots had a mitotic index of 10.98, 11.58 and 13.10% after 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively. As these values were greater than those of the control plants, Zn is very effective in causing significant increases in cell proliferation. This is evident with Cd + Zn treatment, which resulted in mitotic proliferation indices of 4.82, 8.24, and 8.03% after 6, 12, and 24 h of treatment. These values are higher than those of Cd-only treatments, suggesting that Zn minimizes the cellular toxicity of Cd. The normal metaphase stage of wheat root-tip cells (i.e., control) showed that each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids. Cytological examination revealed that Cd causes chromosomal damage, as eroded chromosomal surfaces were observed. In addition, cytological examination revealed that fragments were obtained after treatment with Cd and a positive clastogenic effect was achieved. These data reveal that Cd was capable in interfering with chromosomes.
The Effect of co-Fermentation on Sourdough Breadmaking using Different Viable Cell Concentrations of Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Starter Cultures

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the influence of different cell concentrations of Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in sourdough bread. Seven experimental breads resulting from a central composite design using the response surface methodology were analyzed with regards of sensory attributes, acidification characteristics, specific volume, crust color and bread hardness. The amount of L. plantarum inoculated had a direct effect on acidification characteristics and final bread crumb, indicating that the maximum cell concentration leads to bread crumb with lower pH. Results from taste and aftertaste reveled a correlation between pH and acceptability of the bread. A decrease in crumb hardness was found with higher amounts of lactobacilli and yeast, but regarding specific volume, no significant difference was observed between breads. Sourdoughs with no addition of S. cerevisiae resulted in breads with a more intense crust color. Textural improvement and sensory acceptance are achieved using different optimal concentrations.
The role of N,N-chelate ligand on the reactivity of (η6-p-cymene)Ru(II) complexes: kinetics, DNA and protein interaction studies

Abstract This study reports the kinetic studies of aqua complexes (Ru1–Ru6) as well as the calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin binding studies of their chloro derivatives (Ru7–Ru11). The rate of substitution of the aqua ligand(s) in Ru1–Ru6 by thiourea nucleophiles (thiourea, N,N-dimethylthiourea and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylthiourea) in 0.1 M HClO4/NaClO4 aqueous medium was investigated as a function of nucleophile concentration and temperature under pseudo-first order conditions. The reactivity of the binuclear and mononuclear complexes decreased in the order Ru3 > Ru4 > Ru5 > Ru6 and Ru1 > Ru2, respectively. The trend in reactivity of the binuclear complexes showed a dependence on the electronic and static factors of the rigid N,N-chelate bridging ligand in the complexes. The reactivity trends are well supported by the DFT-calculated data. The activation parameters (ΔH≠ > 0, ΔS≠ < 0) for the substitution process in all complexes support an associative mechanism of activation. The complexes effectively bind to CT-DNA via intercalation and this was corroborated by the molecular docking results. Likewise, the complexes bind favorably with bovine serum albumin. The order of CT-DNA and bovine serum albumin interactions with these complexes are in line with the trends in aqua ligand substitution.
Desarrollo mental y motor en los primeros años de vida: su relación con la estimulación ambiental y el nivel socio-económico

Introduccion: el objetivo del siguiente estudio fue describir el desempeno intelectual de una poblacion de ninos de 6, 12, 24 y 60 meses de la ciudad de Ushuaia y examinar la relacion entre el desarrollo infantil y variables estructurales (nivel social) y funcionales (conductas que conforman la estimulacion ambiental). Material y metodos: Poblacion: 400 ninos sanos de la ciudad de Ushuaia fueron evaluados con la escala de Bayley II o WPPSI (5 anos) segun la edad, el cuestionario de HOME y una escala de nivel socio-economico. Resultados: En el area motora, los ninos mas pequenos se ubicaron a la izquierda de la poblacion de referencia norteamericana; lo mismo ocurrio con los ninos de 24 meses en lo referido a su desarrollo mental. El presente estudio demuestra que el grado de estimulacion ambiental que recibian los ninos de los sectores sociales mas acomodados fue mayor que el de los ninos mas pobres. A su vez los ninos que recibieron mayor estimulacion presentaron un grado de desarrollo mental o coeficiente intelectual mas alto. Sin embargo, es importante recalcar que en cada nivel social existieron entre 5 y 17 puntos de diferencia en el desarrollo entre los ninos provenientes de familias con menor o mayor puntaje del HOME. El analisis estadistico permitio establecer que el grado de desarrollo alcanzado por un nino es explicado principalmente por la capacidad de estimulacion familiar mas que por el nivel social.
Leki drugiego rzutu w leczeniu stwardnienia rozsianego – perspektywa pielęgniarki

Multiple sclerosis (MS ) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central - nervous system with autoimmune background and the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults . It occurs most often between 20 and 40 years of age and occurs in phases of throws and remission. In multiple sclerosis, the most important goal of therapy is very rapid mastery of disease activity . Introduction to treatment of the modyfing drugs became an opportunity for patients to reduce the amount of throws and slow the progression of the disease , and therefore high hopes are associated with new drugs recommended as second-line therapy . The purpose of this paper is to present a second-line drugs for multiple sclerosis from the nurse’s perspective . (PNN 2013;2(4):179-182)
La polimedicación en mayores institucionalizados: su efecto sobre los niveles de vitamina B12, folato y homocisteína

Aim: To determine drug consumption in institutionalized elderly living in the Region of Madrid (Spain) and to assess the relationship between drug intake and biochemical parameters for vitamin B12 (Cobalamin and Holotranscobalamin), serum folate (SF) and homocysteine (Hcy). Methods: 167 subjects (32% men), mean age 83±7 years, were classified according to biochemical parameter levels (in or out of reference range) and drugs were classified according to ATC system. The relationship between drug intake and biochemical levels was studied by means of the Fisher exact test. Results: The daily mean drug intake was 5. Psicoleptic and antiacid drugs were the most consumed (both 53%). Cobalamin (median 158.2 pg/mL; 10.7% of individuals), SF (5.3 ng/mL; 52.1%) and holotranscobalamin (11.76 pmoL/L; 7.8%) deficiencies were observed. Hyperhomocysteinaemia (19.4 μmoL/L) was present in 65% of population. Antiaenemic drug intake normalized cobalamin, urologic drug and corticosteroids SF and psicoanaleptics holotranscobalamin levels. Drugs against pulmonar obs truction increased Hcy concentration (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SF deficiency and hyperhomocysteinaemia in the studied population. The elevated number of drugs taken simultaneously by each subject makes it difficult to analyze which drugs are responsible for those alterations. (Nutr Hosp. 2012;27:298-302) DOI:10.3305/nh.2012. 27.1. 5639 Resumen Objetivo: Determinar que tipo de medicamentos consume una poblacion de ancianos institucionalizados en la Comunidad de Madrid y valorar la influencia de estos farmacos sobre las concentraciones de vitamina B12 (B12 y holotranscobalamina), folato serico (FS) y homocisteina (Hcy). Metodologia: 167 individuos (32% varones), edad media 83 ± 7 anos, fueron categorizados dependiendo de si la variable bioquimica estaba dentro o fuera del intervalo de normalidad. Los medicamentos fueron agrupados segun la clasificacion ATC. Mediante una prueba exacta de Fisher se estudio la relacion entre el consumo de un determinado grupo de farmacos y la alteracion de los niveles de las variables bioquimicas. Resultados: El consumo medio diario fue de 5 farmacos diferentes. Los mas consumidos fueron psicolepticos y antiacidos (ambos 53%). Se observaron deficiencias de B12 (mediana 158,2 pg/mL; 10,7%), FS (5,3 ng/mL; 52,1%), holotranscobalamina (11,76 pmoL/L; 7,8%) y un 65,9% de hiperhomocisteinemia (19,4 μmoL/L). La toma de antianemicos normalizaba los valores de B12, los preparados urologicos y los corticosteroides los niveles de folato y los psicoanalepticos los de holotranscobalamina. La medicacion contra obstrucciones pulmonares aumentaba los niveles de Hcy (todos p < 0,05). Conclusion: La poblacion estudiada presentaba una alta prevalencia de deficit de FS e hyperhomocisteinemia. El numero elevado de medicamentos tomados simultaneamente hace dificil determinar que farmacos son responsables de estas alteraciones.
Evidence for rice Heading date 16 contribution to yield increase under low-nutrient conditions

ABSTRACT Breeding new rice cultivars that are tolerant to low-nutrient condition is a solution to saving the usage of commercial fertilizer. We isolated Hitomebore EMS mutant, 520-6. Seedling growth of 520-6 is tolerant to low-nutrient supply, especially to low phosphorus (low P) supply and genetic mapping revealed the existence of nonsynonymous substitution within Os03g0793500 9th exon in 520-6. Os03g0793500 is reported as Heading date 16 (Hd16)/Early flowering1 (EL1), which is related with the rice flowering pathway. Hd16/EL1 encodes a casein kinase-I protein, and phosphorylates the floral repressor Ghd7 and the rice DELLA protein Slender rice 1 (SLR1). 520-6 carries the same nonfunctional Hd16 allele to that of Koshihikari, and the parental cultivar, Hitomebore, carries the functional Hd16 allele, as with Nipponbare. mRNA accumulation of GA-biosynthesis-related gene, OsGA2ox3 was enhanced in 520-6 compared with Hitomebore, indicating that Hd16 takes a part in feedback regulation of the GA biosynthetic gene. 520-6 and near-isogenic line (NIL) with nonfunctional Hd16 allele showed heavy straw weight and panicle weight in paddy fields with low nitrogen input and no fertilizer application in Kashimadai at Miyagi prefecture and Hikone at Shiga prefecture, respectively. In addition, plants with nonfunctional Hd16 allele showed late flowering phenotype in all tested fields. These results imply that disruption of Hd16 contributes to the improvement of rice growth by positively regulating GA signaling and late flowering, which resulted in increased rice yield under low-nutrient conditions.