Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATIONS OF LEVELS AND TYPES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR WITH TOTAL AND ABDOMINAL FAT IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADULTS

OF THE THESIS Associations of Levels and Types of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior with Total and Abdominal Fat in Overweight and Obese Adults by Ashley Marie Vandezande Master of Public Health with a Concentration in Health Promotion and Behavioral Science San Diego State University, 2014 Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) have been associated with total and abdominal obesity. There are different levels and types of PA and SB. The current study aims to discover which levels and types of PA and SB are associated with total and abdominal obesity. Most studies on obesity use body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as measures of total and abdominal fatness, respectively. However, BMI does not differentiate between fat and fat-free mass and WC is actually a measure of total body fat that is influenced by abdominal fat. The current study uses dual energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure total and abdominal fat accurately and precisely, which will add to the literature on levels and types of PA and SB and their associations with total and abdominal obesity. The results may inform future interventions that aim to alter body composition by highlighting the specific levels and types of PA and SB that are most strongly associated with obesity. Participants were 298 overweight or obese men and women between the ages of 21 and 60. Levels of activity (e.g., SB, light PA, and moderate to vigorous PA) were assessed by accelerometer. Types of PA (e.g., leisure, occupational, and transportation) and types of SB (e.g., watching TV, leisure, occupational, and total) were obtained by self-report questionnaires. Total body fat and abdominal fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationships between levels of activity, types of PA, and types of SB with total and abdominal fat while controlling for gender, age, and total body fat. We found that moderate to vigorous PA was negatively associated with total and abdominal fat. However, we were unable to identify which types of PA were significantly associated with total and abdominal fat. In addition, types of SB were not significantly associated with total or abdominal fat. Thus, interventions for reducing obesity should promote moderate to vigorous levels of activity. More research is needed on which types of PA should be encouraged and whether or not SB should be discouraged.
Interaction of water waves with an array of vertical cylinders using null-field integral equations

The scattering of water waves by an array of vertical circular cylinders is solved by using the null-field integral equations in conjunction with degenerate kernels and Fourier series to avoid calculating the Cauchy and Hadamard principal values. In the implementation, the null-field point can be exactly located on the real boundary owing to the introduction of degenerate kernels for fundamental solutions. An adaptive observer system of polar coordinate is considered to fully employ the property of degenerate kernels. For the hypersingular equation, vector decomposition for the radial and tangential gradients is carefully considered. This method can be seen as a semi-analytical approach since errors attribute from the truncation of Fourier series. Neither hypersingularity in the Burton and Miller approach nor the CHIEF concepts were required to deal with the problem of irregular frequencies. Four gains, well-posed model, singularity free, boundary-layer effect free and exponential convergence are achieved using the present approach. Numerical results are given for the forces and free-surface elevation around the circular boundaries. A general-purpose program for water wave impinging several circular cylinders with arbitrary number, radius, and position was developed. One example of water wave-structure interaction by an array of four bottom-mounted cylinders was demonstrated to see the validity of the present formulation and was compared with those of Linton and
Landmark Studies in Radiation Oncology: Has the Pattern of Publication Changed?

The purpose of this study was to identify current pattern of publication of the most influential radiation oncology research, and to compare these previous pattern. From several potential measures of impact and relevance of research, we selected article citation rate because landmark or practice-changing research is likely to be cited frequently. The citation database Scopus was used to identify the 100 most frequently cited articles published between 2009 and 2011, and 1999-2001, respectively. Current top 100 articles achieved a median of 57 citations (range 181-38). Top 100 articles from the time period 1999-2001 achieved a median of 208 citations (range 1149- 121). The number of authors per highly cited article has increased significantly. Recently, 58% of articles were written by more than 10 authors (1999-2001: only 25%). Significantly, fewer articles were published by authors from the US and/or Canada (53% versus 73%). Pure European contributions increased from 20% to 33%. The proportion of publications related to breast, lung or lower gastrointestinal tract cancer increased, while that related to prostate or gynecological cancer decreased significantly. Irrespective of time period, pattern of publication was dominated by only two scientific journals: the Journal of Clinical Oncology and the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology and Physics. Several newly launched journals have managed to attract highly cited articles. Fifteen of the 20 journals (75%) that featured top 100 articles from the time period 1999-2001 were no longer represented on the recent top 100 list. Inspite of changing pattern of publication, relatively few well established journals dominate.
PEl'lGEMBANGAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN SOCIAL CAPITAL MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN Suyato

Developing intellectu,,1 and social capital in preparing student for their future's role as constructive and critical citizen is essential in a healthy de~ocratic state, School-based civic education ,as one of means in building such ones faces some challenges, Developing intellectual and capital, may be, is the greatest one. This paper tries to propose the urgency of such effort by arguing that school"based civic education Can be utilized as a means of making well informed citizen, The main concepts, such as democracy, citizenship, and responsibilities of government should be understood by citizen properly and comprehensively. Therefore, the paramount challenge of civic education teachers is how to implement a teaching strategy for best instilling those values, because people are not born with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to make democracy work; rather, they acquire this knowledge and capacity for democratic citizenship . only Ihrough experience,especially through 'School-based civic educa.tion, One of the best strategies of civic education is portfolio-based teaching strategy. In this activity, students have an opportunity to practicing their values related to deIrtocracy, citizen, and responsibility of government. Besides its disadvantages, portfoliobased teaching strategy is a promising one in order to prepare the well informed citizen very needed in a healthy democratic 'State. Accordingly, teachers of civic education should change their circumstances by implementing this strategy.
The identification of Eb chromosomes in tritipyrum primary lines using random and semi random primers.

In order to detect the presence of E chromatin in intergeneric hybrids of durum wheat (2n=2x=28 AABB genoms) with Thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n=14 EE genome) genomic DNA of seven Tritipyrum primery lines, five wheat breeding cultivars, five Triticale primising lines and Thinopyrum bessarabicum were amplified using 30 random primers and 20 semi random primers. DNA amplified with primer OPF03 has shown the presence of Eb genome DNA fragment (1296 bp) in Thinopyrum bessarabicum and tritipyrum primary lines, but the absence of chines spring wheat, wheat breeding cultivars and triticale primising lines. Genomic DNA amplified with primer OPM 06 showed a DNA fragment (approximately 700bp) in Thinopyrum bessarabicum and tritipyrum primary lines with the exception of La(4B)4D/b and showed also a DNA fragment of approximately 800bp in Thinopyrum bessarabicum and tritipyrum primary lines with the exception La(4B)4D/b and Ka/b lines. Genomic DNA amplified with semi random primer of ET34, showed a DNA fragment (approximately 830bp) presence in, Thinopyrum . bessarabicum and triticale primising lines, but absence in Chinese spring wheat, wheat breeding cultivares and tritipyrum primary lines. Thus, OPM 06 and OPF03 bands could be used as a markers to detect the E chromosome in all the tritipyrum lines and materials carrying the E chromosome and also DNA fragment amplified to ET34 primer probability demonstrated the E genome is relatively closer to the R genome of secale These studies showed the usefulness of molecular markers in detecting E chromatin/ DNA fragments intrergeneric hybrids with durum wheat.
Helminth Infections Mediated DNA Damage: Mechanisms and Consequences

According to an estimate, the chronic infections caused by certain pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites contribute to about 18% of the global burden of cancer; helminth infections attributing to only small part of it. Carcinogenesis associated with the helminthes infections induced development of cancer is a complicated event involving several different mechanisms varying from one species of parasite to another. Parasite infections evoke immune responses in the host which finally result into inflammatory reactions. The chronic inflammatory processes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These free radicals may cause DNA damage resulting into genetic instabilities and occurrence of malignancy. The parasites or their eggs or their excretory-secretary products exhibit potential to induce proliferation of some cells in the affected tissues which harbor DNA damage. The existing reports indicate that helminth infections may trigger cancer in the organs of their infection for example Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini may induce cholangiocarcinoma (cancer of gall bladder and hepatocarcinoma) and Schistosoma haematobium and its other species are known to cause urinary bladder cancer. In many cases of helminth infections mediated carcinogenesis, the DNA damage by free radicals or inflammatory responses at damaged host tissues is demonstrated. Therefore the knowledge about the mechanisms of helminthes mediated DNA damage may be of great importance in management of parasite infections and reduction of incidences of parasites induced cancer thereby improving the quality of human lives. This article presents an updated account of helminthes infection mediated genotoxicity, DNA damage mechanisms and consequences.
Usefulness of Media Resources in English Instruction: A Case of Adventist Secondary Schools in Tanzania

This paper sought to establish if there was a significant difference among secondary school administrators, teachers of English and students in Adventist Secondary Schools in Tanzania in their perceptions on the usefulness of media resources in English teaching and learning. The present study employed descriptive, comparative and correlational research designs. The study used questionnaires to collect the information from teachers of English, students and school administrators regarding the usefulness of media resources in English instruction among Adventist Secondary Schools in Shinyanga, Mwanza, Mara, Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions. Three hundred and eighty (380) respondents participated. The findings show that all the three groups agreed that media resources are useful in English instruction and that both the male and female students agreed that media resources are useful in English instruction. It is therefore highly essential for secondary schools to provide adequate and relevant materials for the teaching and learning, not only of English, but for all other subjects in the secondary school curriculum. Future studies could look at perceptions of different stakeholders on improvisation of teaching and learning resources. Keywords: Usefulness, Media, resources, Adventist schools, Tanzania
Determinants of Fast Food Consumption among Students of Tehran: Application of Planned Behavior Theory

Background Today, lifestyle changes have led to increasing fast food consumption. Regarding importance of nutrition in adolescence, the present study aimed to identify determinants of fast food consumption using theory of planned behavior among students of guidance schools in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) was carried out using self-administered questionnaire among 768 (384 boys and 384 girls) students of grades 1, 2 and 3 in regions 2, 9 and 18 of Tehran. Sampling method in this study was randomized and multi-stage.Finally, participants were selected from 10 schools. Data was gathered using scales based on constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0). Participation of students in this study was voluntary and with informed consent. Results Logistic regression confirmed the predictability of perceived behavioral control for students’ intention to fast food consumption (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.04). In addition, perceived subjective norms (OR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.001, 1.02) and behavioral intention (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.2) predict significantly fast food consumption behavior. Conclusion Based on results, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms and intention were reported as predictors of fast food consumption, thus these constructs should be addressed in designing fast food-related educational interventions among study population.
The role of RpoS, H-NS and AcP on the pH-dependent OmpC and OmpF porin expressions of Escherichia coli at different pH

It is generally accepted that OmpC and OmpF porin proteins have important roles to play in the survival of Escherichia coli under different environmental conditions. However, the influence of different environmental conditions on porin expression is not as well known. This work was carried out to find out the effect of envZ, ompR, rpoS, pta and hns mutations on the pH-dependent ompC and ompF expression in E. coli in minimal medium at different pH. The expression of ompF was higher in cells grown in an alkaline pH, and the expression of ompC increased at the acidic pH value. There was lowlevel expression of ompC and ompF in envZ mutants. The expression of ompC was increased in the presence of NaCl at three tested pH values while that was reduced in the case of OmpF. The level of expression of ompF in the strain with the rpoS mutation was greatly increased at all pH values and in the presence and absence of NaCl. The expression of ompC in the pta mutant was greatly increased compared to the wild type E. coli at all pH values in the presence and absence of NaCl. There was no expression of ompC and ompF in the ompR mutants. Mutations in hns and pta had variable effects on the expression of ompC and ompF in the presence and absence of NaCl. Overall, this work shows that although OmpC and OmpF porin protein synthesis was affected according to pH, it was not a direct role of RpoS, HNS, EnvZ and Acp at pH-depending porin expression.
Minimal Composite Dynamics versus Axion Origin of the Diphoton excess

ATLAS and CMS observe deviations from the expected background in the diphoton invariant mass searches of new resonances around 750 GeV. We show that a simple realization in terms of a new pseudoscalar state can accommodate the observations. The model leads to further footprints that can be soon observed. The new state can be interpreted both as an axion or as a highly natural composite state arising from minimal models of dynamical electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking. We further show how to disentangle the two scenarios. Beyond the possible explanation of the diphoton excess, the results show that it is possible to directly test and constrain composite dynamics via processes stemming from its distinctive topological sector.
Revisiting the impact of atmospheric dispersion and differential refraction on widefield multiobject spectroscopic observations - From VLT/VIMOS to next generation instruments

(Abridged) Atmospheric dispersion and field differential refraction impose severe constraints on widefield MOS observations. Flux reduction and spectral distortions must be minimised by a careful planning of the observations -- which is especially true for instruments that use slits instead of fibres. This is the case of VIMOS at the VLT, where MOS observations have been restricted, since the start of operations, to a narrow two-hour range from the meridian to minimise slit losses. We revisit in detail the impact of atmospheric effects on the quality of VIMOS-MOS spectra. We model slit losses across the entire VIMOS FOV as a function of target declination. We explore two different slit orientations at the meridian: along the parallactic angle (North-South), and perpendicular to it (East-West). We show that, for fields culminating at zenith distances larger than 20 deg, slit losses are minimised with slits oriented along the parallactic angle at the meridian. The two-hour angle rule holds for these observations using N-S orientations. Conversely, for fields with zenith angles smaller than 20 deg at culmination, losses are minimised with slits oriented perpendicular to the parallactic angle at the meridian. MOS observations can be effectively extended to plus/minus three hours from the meridian in these cases. In general, night-long observations of a single field will benefit from using the E-W orientation. All-sky or service mode observations, however, require a more elaborate planning that depends on the target declination, and the hour angle of the observations. We establish general rules for the alignment of slits in MOS observations that will increase target observability, enhance the efficiency of operations, and speed up the completion of programmes -- a particularly relevant aspect for the forthcoming spectroscopic public surveys with VIMOS.
Posttraumatic Growth and Posttraumatic Distress: A Longitudinal Study

This longitudinal study examined the course and bidirectional relation between posttraumatic distress and posttraumatic growth (PTG). A sample of Israeli ex-prisoners of war and matched controls were followed over 17 years. Participants’ posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety symptoms were measured at three time-points. PTG was assessed twice. Applying an autoregressive cross-lagged modeling strategy, initial PTSD predicted subsequent PTG above and beyond PTG stability, but not vice versa. Cross-lagged relations of PTG to depression and anxiety were not significant. Moreover, analysis of PTG trajectory revealed that individuals with PTSD reported higher PTG levels across times than those without PTSD. Thus, growth is facilitated and maintained by endorsement rather than absence of PTSD. The findings are discussed in the context of the illusionary versus adaptive notion of PTG.
PERFORMED A QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE OF BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION: A CHECKLIST APPROACH

Introduction: Breast neoplasia is the most common cancer among women in both developed and developing countries. Over 1.15 million women in the world detecting with breast neoplasia each year and the mortality rate is 502,000 cases from this cancer. The purpose of this study was to describe how Iranian women perform breast self-examination. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 447 participants referred to five health center of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences were chosen. The questionnaire and checklist were completed by all participants through a face-to-face interview. If she obtains 0-6 total score, she has weak performance, if she obtains 7-12 total score, she has acceptable performance and if she obtains 13-18 total score, she has good performance of breast self-examination. Statistical analysis carried out using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) version 16. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Non-parametric tests such as Mann– Whitney were adopted. Results: In our study, 92% of women heard about breast self-examination, but only 17.4% of them performed it monthly. Of 447 participants, 348 (77.9%) had poor, 78 (17.4%) moderate and only 21 (4.7%) had good performance. From all participants, 189(42%) by health worker, 36(8.1%) by family and 70(15.7%) by media learned how to perform breast self-examination. Conclusion: The study showed that although most of women heard about breast self-examination but it was not a routine screening in developing country. This study confirmed that Iranian women have poor knowledge about how to perform breast self-examination. There is need for adequate health education on breast cancer and breast self-examination among Iranian women.
Development and in-vitro evaluation of Furosemide Solid Dispersion using different Water Soluble Carriers

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to improve solubility and dissolution characteristics of Furosemide, which might offer improved bioavailability. The bioavailability of the drug when taken orally is limited by the relatively low solubility. Furosemide is a loop diuretic (a ‘water pill’) used to treat congestive heart failure, oedema and sometimes hypertension. Method: The solid dispersion of Furosemide was prepared by Solvent evaporation method by using 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 ratios of drug and polymers (PVP K-30, PEG6000). The solid dispersion was prepared by solvent evaporation method. The prepared solid dispersion was evaluated for various parameters like uniformity of drug content, in-vitro drug release and short term stability studies. Results: The prepared dispersion showed marked increase in the dissolution rate of Furosemide than that of pure drug and the in vitro release studies revealed that there was an improvement in the dissolution characteristics of drug when prepared as solid dispersions. Solid dispersion with PEG 6000 and PVPK30 gave better rate and extent of dissolution. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the solid dispersions prepared with PEG6000 and PVP K30 and among all the formulations, F6 has highest solubility and in vitro dissolution rate.