Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A image texture and BP neural network basec malicious files detection technique for cloud storage systems

In a complicated cloud storage environment in which users upload a large number of files everyday, in order to better solve the challenge of inefficient malicious detection and weak adaptability of multi-platform detection in the traditional way, we propose a malicious file detection method which is based on image texture analysis and BP neural network algorithm. By combining the technology of image analysis and the malicious file detection, the malicious file is converted into grayscale image, the GLCM (Ground Launched Cruise Missile) and the GIST (Generalized Search Trees) algorithms are used to extract the texture features, and the BP neural network algorithm is then used for learning and training. In this paper, we propose and implement a malicious file detection system by means of image texture extraction. Through the experimental analysis on a large number of virus samples from the well-known VirusShare project, the experimental results show that our proposed approach has the characteristics of fast speed, high adaptability and high accuracy.
"TWO PROCESSES BASED ROUTING ALGORITHM" FOR ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION USING SWARM INTELLLIGENCE

Swarm intelligence is the collective and organized behavior of decentralized systems, natural or artificial. ant colony. ACO methods find its applications in problems that need to find paths to goals. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can improve performance of ACO. The proposed algorithm consists of two agents: the data agent and the routing agent where the routing agent is responsible to prepare the routing table from the given source to destination and the data agent transfers the data along that path. The earlier algorithms do this task with a common agent which also carries the data. This increases the frame size of the packet and hence the time to process the packet at each node for extracting routing information.
Another cause of anaemia.

Sir, Renal impairment is commonly associated with normocytic anaemia, due to relative deficiency of erythropoietin, and it is now standard practice to treat this with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) once other causes of anaemia have been excluded. Recurrent anaemia in this setting may be due to occult gastrointestinal blood loss, and this is the most common cause of anaemia, but pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) secondary to an antibody to human recombinant erythropoietin also needs to be considered. We present such a case. An 80-year-old man, with a 19-year history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, obesity and congestive heart failure, was admitted to our hospital with lethargy and haemoglobin (Hb) of 6.7 g/dl. His red cell indices (MCV 92.7 fl, MCH 33.7 pg, MCHC 35.8 g/l) and haematinics (B12 673 ng/l, folate 6.5 ng/ml) were within the normal range. White cell count was 4.3 × 109/l and platelets were 64 × 10 …
Dimensional Assessment of Anxiety in Puerto Rican Patients: Evaluating Applicability of Psychological Questionnaires.

OBJECTIVE A dimensional assessment model as a supplement to the diagnosis process could overcome the current pitfalls in classifying psychopathology in ethnic minorities. The aim of the study described herein was to examine a sample of Puerto Rican patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder in order to evaluate the psychometric properties of the specific scales that assess the following 3 domains: clinical symptoms, personality/trait, and affective style. METHODS 80 subjects were recruited and interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV to identify the presence of anxiety disorders. Following this, various questionnaires assessing each proposed domain were administered to the participants. Reliability and validity of these questionnaires were examined using Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis. The effect of the individual items of the questionnaires on the overall reliability and validity was assessed using factor scores component matrix. RESULTS Analyses revealed moderate to high reliability and validity scores within all 3 domains. The sample obtained moderate to high scores on the scales comprising clinical and personality/trait domains. CONCLUSION The use of self-report scales in accordance with the proposed dimensional framework may be an effective way to supplement categorical diagnoses within the Hispanic population represented by this sample.
OXIDAÇÃO E REMOÇÃO DE FERRO E MANGANÊS EM ÁGUAS PARA FINS DE ABASTECIMENTO PÚBLICO OU INDUSTRIAL– UMA ABORDAGEM GERAL

A presenca de ferro e manganes em aguas destinadas ao tratamento visando abastecimento publico e industrial e muito comum no Brasil. O conhecimento dos fundamentos que envolvem o processo e fundamental para aplicacao segura e eficiente de tecnologias apropriadas a remocao desses metais. Apesar da frequencia com que esse problema ocorre nas aguas destinadas ao abastecimento, a abordagem ao problema continua sendo feita da forma tradicional, privilegiando os processos oxidativos em detrimento da remocao solido-liquido. As formas de tratamento podem ser muito simples, no caso de aguas subterrâneas, ou mais complexas, quando da presenca dos metais em aguas contendo materia orgânica. Este artigo apresenta uma revisao abrangente dos principais resultados de estudos assim como alguns aspectos importantes da problematica da presenca de ferro e manganes, sua ocorrencia, formas predominantes na agua, formacao de compostos coordenados orgânicos, oxidacao e remocao por processos de separacao solido/liquido. Adicionalmente, sao apresentados resultados de pesquisas que apontam para uma nova para abordagem do problema. As informacoes nao esgotam o assunto sendo citada uma ampla bibliografia no final do artigo.
Mechanical Properties and Organic Carbon of Soil Aggregates in the Northern Appalachians

gregate formation (Horn, 1990; Zhang, 1994). Understanding of mechanical properties of aggregates is cruAggregate properties determine the macroscale structural condicial to explain the macroscale functions of soil for plant tion of the soil. Understanding of impacts of no-till and traditional growth (DeFreitas et al., 1996). agricultural practices on the mechanical properties of aggregates is fundamental to soil management. This study assessed the tensile One of the most useful mechanical properties of agstrength (TS), bulk density (agg), soil moisture retention (SMR), and gregates is TS (Dexter and Kroesbergen, 1985; Rahimi soil organic C (SOC) concentration of soil aggregates and determined et al., 2000). The TS refers to the force required to the interrelationships among aggregate properties under long-term break an aggregate and is a very sensitive indicator moldboard plow (MP), chisel plow (CP), disk with beef cattle manure of the structural stability of the whole soil (Watts and (DM), no-till with beef cattle manure (NTM), no-till without beef Dexter, 1998). Soils with high aggregate TS offer higher cattle manure (NT), pasture, and forest systems in the North Appala- resistance to mechanical disturbance (Perfect and Kay, chian region. Properties were determined on 1- to 8-mm aggregates 1994). The TS is determined on air-dry (Munkholm from 0- to 30-cm soil depth. The TS and SMR (0 to 333 kPa) in
Métodos de detección de la apoptosis, aplicaciones y limitaciones

Some cells have to be eliminated in an organism to keep the homeostasis, tissue remodelling or embrionary development. This process is known as programmed cell death or apoptosis. Apoptosis is a dynamic process in which a cascade of events appear at different times. Apoptosis can be induced by various stimuli, such as DNA damage, cytokines, loss of extracellular matrix, etc. Apoptosis detection has become very important in cancer, since it is helpful to understand carcinogenesis, mechanisms of chemotherapy drugs, evaluation of treatment response, etc. Importantly, apoptosis detection depends on the moment the cells or tissues are studied. The most common events used to detect apoptosis include the identification of DNA degradation by gel electrophoresis, changes on the cytoplasmic membrane and activation of specific proteins. The aim of this article is to describe the main techniques used for detection of apoptosis, and their limitations. The criteria described in this paper pretend to help to choose the most convenient method for apoptosis detection.
The effect of gravitational force on limbal stem cell growth

Aim To evaluate the effect of gravity on corneal epithelial cell migration in vitro. Methods Fourteen donor peripheral corneoscleral rims were used. Twenty explants were chosen of which 10 were placed vertically and 10 were placed horizontally during culture. Analyses were performed to investigate the effect of gravity on epithelial growth by measuring the extent of epithelial cell growth above and below the horizontal meridian and counting the total number of cells using a haemocytometer. Results There was no statistically significant difference in cell growth between the explants that were placed horizontally and vertically. However, in the vertical explant group the cells grew preferentially towards the 6 o'clock direction, possibly as a result of gravity. Conclusions Gravitational forces may influence cell migration in vitro. This could be of significance in the planning of limbal transplantation, because a superior graft may be more likely to succeed than a gravitationally challenged inferior graft.
Barriers and facilitators to using electronic healthcare records in Jordanian hospitals from the nurses’ perspective: A national survey

ABSTRACT Background: Jordan is currently taking significant steps to implement electronic healthcare records (EHRs) in hospitals. Purpose: To explore Jordanian nurses’ views on the factors which act as barriers or facilitators to implementing EHRs in the country’s hospitals. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to obtain a sample of nurses working in Jordanian hospitals. The study utilized a tool used by the American Hospital Association. Results: The final sample consisted of 2,793 nurses from 26 hospitals. 62.4% of these were working in governmental hospitals, 58.9% were female, and the mean age of the nurses was 30.3 years (SD = 6.2). Incentives to purchase EHRs, the availability of technical assistance, and additional reimbursement for the use of EHRs were the most common facilitating factors identified, while the economic burden of purchasing EHRs, a lack of information technology staff, and disruption to clinical care were the most common barriers. Conclusion: Future projects for implementing EHR systems in Jordan should consider the facilitators and barriers identified.
Evaluation of a Rapid Fecal PCR Test for Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Dairy Cattle

ABSTRACT A high-throughput TaqMan PCR assay for detection of bovine paratuberculosis was evaluated by using fecal samples from 1,808 dairy cattle in seven naturally infected herds and 347 dairy cattle in seven herds considered free of paratuberculosis. Fecal, blood, and milk samples were submitted to laboratories where the PCR-based assay, three different fecal culture procedures for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (centrifugation, sedimentation, and the BACTEC filter concentration method), two serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and one milk ELISA were performed. Results from testing of dairy cattle in herds free of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis showed that the PCR assay's specificity was 99.7%. Twenty-three percent of the dairy cows that were fecal culture positive by at least one of the three methods were positive by the PCR assay. By Bayesian non-“gold standard” analysis methods, the TaqMan PCR assay had a higher specificity than the serum ELISAs (99.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 98.6 to 99.7%) and a test sensitivity similar to that of the serum ELISAs (29%; 95% CI = 24 to 35%). By classical methods, the estimated relative sensitivity of the fecal PCR assay was 4% for light and moderate fecal shedders (compared to 12 to 13% for the ELISAs) and 76% for heavy fecal shedders (compared to 67% for the milk ELISA). The PCR assay has higher sensitivity for detection of heavy fecal shedders than the evaluated milk ELISA but lower sensitivity than a serum or milk ELISA for detection of light and moderate fecal shedders. This assay can be used as a quick test for detection of cattle with heavy fecal shedding, those cattle with the highest risk of transmitting infection to susceptible cattle.
High‐throughput microarray mapping of cell wall polymers in roots and tubers during the viscosity‐reducing process

Viscosity reduction has a great impact on the efficiency of ethanol production when using roots and tubers as feedstock. Plant cell wall–degrading enzymes have been successfully applied to overcome the challenges posed by high viscosity. However, the changes in cell wall polymers during the viscosity‐reducing process are poorly characterized. Comprehensive microarray polymer profiling, which is a high‐throughput microarray, was used for the first time to map changes in the cell wall polymers of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), cassava (Manihot esculenta), and Canna edulis Ker. over the entire viscosity‐reducing process. The results indicated that the composition of cell wall polymers among these three roots and tubers was markedly different. The gel‐like matrix and glycoprotein network in the C. edulis Ker. cell wall caused difficulty in viscosity reduction. The obvious viscosity reduction of the sweet potato and the cassava was attributed to the degradation of homogalacturonan and the released 1,4‐β‐d‐galactan and 1,5‐α‐l‐arabinan.
A major turning point in NK/T-cell lymphoma?

In this issue of Blood , [Kwong et al][1] provide strong evidence that immune checkpoints inhibitors are remarkably efficient in treatment of relapsing natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma. [1][2] ! [Figure][3] Multiapproach treatment of NK/T-cell lymphoma: l-asparaginase–based regimens (
Robustness and power of the maximum-likelihood-binomial and maximum-likelihood-score methods, in multipoint linkage analysis of affected-sibship data.

The maximum-likelihood-binomial (MLB) method, based on the binomial distribution of parental marker alleles among affected offspring, recently was shown to provide promising results by two-point linkage analysis of affected-sibship data. In this article, we extend the MLB method to multipoint linkage analysis, using the general framework of hidden Markov models. Furthermore, we perform a large simulation study to investigate the robustness and power of the MLB method, compared with those of the maximum-likelihood-score (MLS) method as implemented in MAPMAKER/SIBS, in the multipoint analysis of different affected-sibship samples. Analyses of multiple-affected sibships by means of the MLS were conducted by consideration of all possible sib pairs, with (weighted MLS [MLSw]) or without (unweighted MLS [MLSu]) application of a classic weighting procedure. In simulations under the null hypothesis, the MLB provided very consistent type I errors regardless of the type of family sample (sib pairs or multiple-affected sibships), as did the MLS for samples with sib pairs only. When samples included multiple-affected sibships, the MLSu led to inflation of low type I errors, whereas the MLSw yielded very conservative tests. Power comparisons showed that the MLB generally was more powerful than the MLS, except in recessive models with allele frequencies <. 3. Missing parental marker data did not strongly influence type I error and power results in these multipoint analyses. The MLB approach, which in a natural way accounts for multiple-affected sibships and which provides a simple likelihood-ratio test for linkage, is an interesting alternative for multipoint analysis of sibships.
Neurobehavioral risk is associated with gestational exposure to stress hormones

The developmental origins of disease or fetal programming model predict that early exposures to threat or adverse conditions have lifelong consequences that result in harmful outcomes for health. The maternal endocrine ‘fight or flight’ system is a source of programming information for the human fetus to detect threats and adjust their developmental trajectory for survival. Fetal exposures to intrauterine conditions including elevated stress hormones increase the risk for a spectrum of health outcomes depending on the timing of exposure, the timetable of organogenesis and the developmental milestones assessed. Recent prospective studies, reviewed here, have documented the neurodevelopmental consequences of fetal exposures to the trajectory of stress hormones over the course of gestation. These studies have shown that fetal exposures to biological markers of adversity have significant and largely negative consequences for fetal, infant and child emotional and cognitive regulation and reduced volume in specific brain structures.
The impact of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus and pulmonary tuberculosis on the success of bronchial artery embolisation.

OBJECTIVE Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in South Africa. Bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) is a specialised, expensive and risky procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of coinfection with HIV and PTB on the success of BAE. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study of sequential BAE procedures during 2006 and 2007 was performed. Rates of procedural and clinical outcome, reasons for failures and the impact of cluster of differentiation cell type 4 (CD4) level on failure were investigated. Patients were included if they presented with massive or life-threatening haemoptysis with a diagnosis of previous or active PTB and their HIV status was known, for the first two attempts at BAE only. RESULTS The study population consisted of 74 patients who were HIV positive and 33 who were HIV negative. Statistically, procedural success did not imply a clinically successful outcome, and HIV status and CD4 level did not correlate significantly with procedural success. Statistically, no technical reason had an impact on the success of the procedure when correlated with HIV status. The detection of lymphadenopathy was noted in 19.1% of patients who were HIV positive and in 42.4% of patients who were HIV negative, and was the only feature of significance. CONCLUSION Coinfection with HIV does not have an impact on the success of BAE in patients with active PTB or with the sequelae of PTB who present with massive or life-threatening haemoptysis. Technical success does not imply clinical success, regardless of HIV status. Improvement in technique locally may improve outcome. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE PTB coinfection with HIV should not affect the decision to consider BAE.
Imaging of calcium variations in living dendritic spines of cultured rat hippocampal neurons.

1. Cultured rat hippocampal neurons were loaded with the Ca2+ indicator fura‐2 through micropipettes and visualized with an inverted microscope equipped with a high power objective and a cooled CCD camera. The responses of dendritic spines and their parent dendrites to stimuli which evoke a rise of [Ca2+]i were monitored. 2. NMDA caused a rapid and transient rise in [Ca2+]i, which was more evident in the spine than in the parent dendrite. The recovery in both compartments had the same time course, and was dependent on normal [Na+]o. 3. Application of alpha‐latrotoxin, which causes release of neurotransmitters from terminals, produced a rise of [Ca2+]i in the dendritic spines, more than in their parent dendrites. Prolonged exposure to the drug eliminated the spine/dendrite disparity. 4. The presence of voltage‐gated calcium channels in dendritic spines is indicated by the enhanced calcium rise in spines rather than dendrites of cells depolarized by either intracellular current injection or by raising [K+]o. This rise was attenuated by nifedipine or verapamil, both L‐type channel blockers. 5. It is suggested that the dendritic spine constitutes an independent calcium compartment that is closely linked to the parent dendrite.
UTILIZACIÓN DE MODELOS DE INTERPOLACIÓN DE MARKOV PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE SECUENCIAS DE GENES

Uno de los principales problemas a resolver en la bioinformatica es la identificacion de genes dentro de un codigo genetico. Una de las alternativas que presenta mayor aplicabilidad en este tipo de problemas es el uso de modelos basados en cadenas de Markov; sin embargo, existe un conjunto de modelos conocidos como modelos de interpolacion de Markov (IMM) que presentan un mejor desempeno para este tipo de problemas. Los IMM son utilizados por GLIMMER en la identificacion de genes con bastante exito.
A Sentiment Delivering Estimate Scheme Based on Trust Chain in Mobile Social Network

User sentiment analysis has become a flourishing frontier in data mining mobile social network platform since the mobile social network plays a significant role in users’ daily communication and sentiment interaction. This study studies the scheme of sentiment estimate by using the users’ trustworthy relationships for evaluating sentiment delivering. First, we address an overview of sentiment delivering estimate scheme and propose its related definitions, that is, trust chain among users, sentiment semantics, and sentiment ontology. Second, this study proposes the trust chain model and its evaluation method, which is composed of evaluation of atomic, serial, parallel, and combined trust chains. Then, we propose sentiment modeling method by presenting its modeling rules. Further, we propose the sentiment delivering estimate scheme from two aspects: explicit and implicit sentiment delivering estimate schemes, based on trust chain and sentiment modeling method. Finally, examinations and results are given to further explain effectiveness and feasibility of our scheme.
Protein A Is Released into the Staphylococcus aureus Culture Supernatant with an Unprocessed Sorting Signal

ABSTRACT The immunoglobulin binding protein A (SpA) of Staphylococcus aureus is synthesized as a precursor with a C-terminal sorting signal. The sortase A enzyme mediates covalent attachment to peptidoglycan so that SpA is displayed on the surface of the bacterium. Protein A is also found in the extracellular medium, but the processes involved in its release are not fully understood. Here, we show that a portion of SpA is released into the supernatant with an intact sorting signal, indicating that it has not been processed by sortase A. Release of SpA was reduced when the native sorting signal of SpA was replaced with the corresponding region of another sortase-anchored protein (SdrE). Similarly, a reporter protein fused to the sorting signal of SpA was released to a greater extent than the same polypeptide fused to the SdrE sorting signal. Released SpA protected bacteria from killing in human blood, indicating that it contributes to immune evasion.
A Novel Sensorless Unity Power Factor Control Method for Six-phase PMSG in Direct Drive Wind Energy Conversion Systems

In the high power direct drive wind energy conversion systems, the power factors of both the generator-side converter and the grid-side converter are controlled to one in order to make full use of the capability of the power converters. In this paper, a novel sensorless unity power factor control method based on the reference coordinate system rotating synchronously with the voltage of the generator-side converter is proposed to estimate the rotor speed of the six-phase PMSG. This method is very simple and only needs the measurement of the voltage phase of the generator-side converter. The power factor of the generator-side converter can be controlled to one easily and it can increase the capability of the converter. Simulation and experimental results verify the analysis and the conclusion.