Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation on Natural Color Extraction from Black Tea Waste

Tea is a source of natural color. Extraction of colored as a byproduct will make tea more remunerative. This study suggested the optimal conditions for natural color extraction from black tea waste. Tea manufacture waste was used in different concentration of solvent ethanol: water (50:50, 30:70, 10:90, and 0:100), time (30, 60, and 90 min) and temperature (20, 50, and 80°C). Factorial experiment with three factors (solvent, time and temperature) was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. Extracted color was used in jelly compared to commercial color. According to the results, the total color extracted from 50:50 ethanol: water at 80°C was more than the other conditions (p ≤0.01). In 80°C, time has no significant effect on color extraction in different solvent ratios. Extracted color had antioxidant activity in compared to commercial color. The taste of jelly colored by extracted color was no significant difference in compared with the jelly colored by commercial color (p≤0.05). Although the difference in outward appearance was easily detected by panelists, they preferred tea extracted color jelly in compared to commercial colored.
Entropy Generation and Natural Convection Flow of Hybrid Nanofluids in a Partially Divided Wavy Cavity Including Solid Blocks

The present investigation addressed the entropy generation, fluid flow, and heat transfer regarding Cu-Al 2 O 3 -water hybrid nanofluids into a complex shape enclosure containing a hot-half partition were addressed. The sidewalls of the enclosure are made of wavy walls including cold isothermal temperature while the upper and lower surfaces remain insulated. The governing equations toward conservation of mass, momentum, and energy were introduced into the form of partial differential equations. The second law of thermodynamic was written for the friction and thermal entropy productions as a function of velocity and temperatures. The governing equations occurred molded into a non-dimensional pattern and explained through the finite element method. Outcomes were investigated for Cu-water, Al 2 O 3 -water, and Cu-Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluids to address the effect of using composite nanoparticles toward the flow and temperature patterns and entropy generation. Findings show that using hybrid nanofluid improves the Nusselt number compared to simple nanofluids. In the case of low Rayleigh numbers, such enhancement is more evident. Changing the geometrical aspects of the cavity induces different effects toward the entropy generation and Bejan number. Generally, the global entropy generation for Cu-Al 2 O 3 -water hybrid nanofluid takes places between the entropy generation values regarding Cu-water and Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluids.
Condom use and associated factors among HIV-positive patients accessing care at a private tertiary health institution in the southwest, Nigeria

© BUMJ. 2020 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Condom use and associated factors among HIV-positive patients accessing care at a private tertiary health institution in the southwest, Nigeria Adefala NO, Sodeinde K, Osinaike A, Bamidele F, Omotosho A
Compact Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Antenna Using Double Cross Dipoles for RFID Handheld Readers

A miniaturized dual-band circularly polarized (CP) antenna that operates on 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz radio frequency identification bands (RFID) is proposed for handheld readers. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 85.0 × 85.0 × 1.6 mm3, whereas broad impedance bandwidths are obtained (871–1297 MHz and 2.16–2.80 GHz). The antenna consists of two pairs of cross dipoles fed by concentric ring-delay lines. The first pair is thin strips terminated with an arrowhead-shaped trace, providing CP resonance at 915 MHz. The second pair is composed of rectangular patches, creating CP resonance at 2.45 GHz. The distinct feature of the proposed antenna is twofold. First, the double cross dipoles are arranged at a 45° angle. This leads to a simple and compact configuration, avoiding the use of complex feeding networks or power dividers. Second, the frequency of minimum axial ratio (AR) in each band is tunable by controlling the ratio between the lengths of the arrowhead-shaped trace and the length of the rectangular patches. Accordingly, the proposed antenna achieves 3 dB AR bandwidths of 882–936 MHz and 2.35–2.58 GHz. Meanwhile, the radiation pattern exhibits a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of about 110°, facilitating the detection of tags abroad with arbitrary orientations.
Pathology and Diagnosis of Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is a rare type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), characterised by an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis that remains incurable for the majority of patients. Cyclin D1 overexpression, which results from t(11; 14)(q13; q32), is the pathogenic hallmark in MCL disease and causing cell cycle disruption. MCL has been categorized based on lymphoid malignancies in the WHO update into two significant subgroups, nodal and leukemic non-nodal MCL; each type has a particular clinical presentation and distinct molecular features. SOX11 is overexpressed in nodal MCL subtype, while the leukemic non-nodal sub-type is associated with SOX11 negativity. MCL has a wide range of differential diagnoses, including other types of low-grade lymphoma, most notably chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). Therefore, accurate histological biopsy diagnosis is paramount in this rare subtype of NHL. MCL has a distinctive clinical presentation and particular morphological and immunophenotypic features with specific cytogenetic abnormalities. The recent advances in molecular and cytogenetic analysis have improved the accuracy of MCL diagnosis and enhanced disease prognosis. Furthermore, B cell receptor inhibitors have revolutionized MCL treatment. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of MCL is very important since this may require an aggressive and novel targeted therapy.
A Self-triggered Position Based Visual Servoing Model Predictive Control Scheme for Underwater Robotic Vehicles

An efficient position based visual sevroing control approach for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) by employing Non-linear Model Predictive Control (N-MPC) is designed and presented in this work. In the proposed scheme, a mechanism is incorporated within the vision-based controller that determines when the Visual Tracking Algorithm (VTA) should be activated and new control inputs should be calculated. More specifically, the control loop does not close periodically, i.e., between two consecutive activations (triggering instants), the control inputs calculated by the N-MPC at the previous triggering time instant are applied to the underwater robot in an open-loop mode. This results in a significantly smaller number of requested measurements from the vision tracking algorithm, as well as less frequent computations of the non-linear predictive control law. This results in a reduction in processing time as well as energy consumption and, therefore, increases the accuracy and autonomy of the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle. The latter is of paramount importance for persistent underwater inspection tasks. Moreover, the Field of View constraints (FoV), control input saturation, the kinematic limitations due to the underactuated degree of freedom in sway direction, and the effect of the model uncertainties as well as external disturbances have been considered during the control design. In addition, the stability and convergence of the closed-loop system has been guaranteed analytically. Finally, the efficiency and performance of the proposed vision-based control framework is demonstrated through a comparative real-time experimental study while using a small underwater vehicle.
Synthetic Self‐Limiting Structures Engineered with Defective Colloidal Clusters

One of the key challenges in the study of self‐assembly with synthetic particles is how to build finite‐sized constructs that resemble self‐limiting structures such as well‐known proteins and biomolecules found in nature. Inspired by this concept, a novel method for realizing self‐limiting self‐assembly of colloidal clusters by establishing design rules to obtain desired final structures using a bottom‐up assembly approach is presented. The constructs identified in this work will be “locked” in a well‐defined configuration as the structure morphologies will not allow them to grow any further. The approach presented here provides two distinct advantages. First, the self‐limiting characteristics of the resulting constructs are preserved no matter how many building blocks are present within the system. Second, the setup of interparticle interactions reflected by interaction matrices are much simpler compared to finite‐sized structures of simple spherical particles which may require engineering pairwise interactions between as many particle types as the number of particles present in the system. The self‐assembly process as well as phase transformation and kinetics of several intriguing finite‐sized configurations are studied. Possible extensions of this concept to produce sophisticated multi‐phased structures where different types of finite‐sized and large assemblies may be present at once are also discussed.
Necrosis foliar; nuevo síntoma asociado a la pudrición de la raíz de chile (Capsicum annuum) en Durango y Zacatecas, México

Antecedentes: Uno de los principales cultivos horticolas en Durango y Zacatecas, Mexico es el chile (Capsicum annuum); el cual es afectado por enfermedades foliares y del suelo. Desde la temporada de cultivo 2016 un nuevo sintoma, necrosis foliar fue observado afectando plantas de chile en ambos Estados. Objetivos: Identificar los patogenos asociados con esta nueva sintomatologia en plantas de chile de Durango y Zacatecas, Mexico. Metodos: Plantas enfermas de chile que mostraban sintomas de necrosis foliar fueron colectadas en parcelas comerciales en Durango y Zacatecas, Mexico. Los sintomas aereos y radiculares que mostraba cada planta fueron registrados. La raiz y raicillas de las plantas muestreadas se sembro en PDA y se identificaron las colonias fungosas. Resultados y conclusiones: La principal caracteristica de esta sintomatologia fue la presencia de una necrosis foliar. Un grupo de cinco patogenos (Phytophthora spp., Pythium spp., Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia spp. y Verticillium spp.) habitantes del suelo fue identificado en el sistema radicular de las plantas de chile. La frecuencia de aislamiento fue mayor para Rhizoctonia spp. , Fusarium spp. y Verticillium spp. que para Phytophthora spp. y Pythium spp
Health and Scientific Frames in Online Communication of Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Antecedents of Frame Recognition

In a period characterized by vaccine hesitancy and even vaccine refusal, the way online information on vaccination is presented might affect the recipients’ opinions and attitudes. While research has focused more on vaccinations against measles or influenza, and described how the framing approach can be applied to vaccination, this is not the case with tick-borne encephalitis, a potentially fatal infection induced by tick bites. This study takes one step back and seeks to investigate whether health and scientific frames in online communication are even recognized by the public. Moreover, the influence of selected health- and vaccine-related constructs on the recognition of frames is examined. Study results indicate that health frames are the most easily identified and that their use might be a fruitful strategy when raising awareness of health topics such as vaccination.
Eco-evolutionary significance of “loners”

Loners, individuals out-of-sync with a coordinated majority, occur frequently in nature. Are loners incidental byproducts of large-scale synchronization attempts or are they part of a mosaic of life-history strategies? Here, we provide the first empirical evidence of naturally occurring heritable variation in loner behavior, using the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Moreover, we show that Dictyostelium loners—cells that do not join the multicellular life-stage— result from a dynamic population-partitioning process. Underlying this partitioning, we find evidence that each cell makes a stochastic, signal-based decision resulting in an imperfectly synchronized multicellular development affected by both abiotic (environmental porosity) and biotic (strain-specific signaling) factors. Finally, we predict that when strains differing in their partitioning behavior co-occur, cross-signaling impacts slime-mold diversity across spatio-temporal scales. Loners are therefore critical to understanding collective and social behaviors, multicellular development, and ecological dynamics in D. discoideum. More broadly, across taxa, imperfect synchronization might be adaptive by enabling diversification of life-history strategies.
Recent Progress in Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Solution-Processed Organic and Semiconductor Nanocrystal: Perspectives on Device Design

Solution-processed hybrid solar cells have been well developed in the last twenty years due to the advantages of low cost, low material-consuming and simple fabricating technology. However, the performance, stability and film quality of hybrid solar cells need to be further improved for future commercial application (with a lifetime up to 20 years and power conversion efficiency higher than 15%). By combining the merits of organic polymers and nanocrystals (NC), the reasonable design of interface engineering and device architecture, the performance coupled with stability of hybrid solar cells can be significantly improved. This review gives a brief conclusive introduction to the progress on solution-processed organic/inorganic semiconductor hybrid solar cells, including a summary of the development of hybrid solar cells in recent years, the strategy of hybrid solar cells with different structures and the incorporation of new organic hole transport materials with new insight into device processing for high efficiency. This paper also puts forward some suggestions and guidance for the future development of high-performance NC-based photovoltaics.
Campylobacter Infection and its Sensitivity in Retail Pork

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org & http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT 132 Campylobacter Infection and its Sensitivity in Retail Pork Aasish Gautam, Sushil Neupane, Krishna Kaphle Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Siddharthanagar1, Rupandehi, Nepal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Siddharthanagar1, Rupandehi, Nepal
Safeguarding nutritional opportunities of first 1000 days of life during a pandemic: infant and young children feeding practices in the context of COVID-19 in India

From the Wuhan city of China, SARS-CoV-2 spread across the globe in 2020, claiming more than 2.9 lakh lives in its wake till date. Although all age groups are susceptible to COVID-19 infection, most infected children appear to have a milder clinical course and better prognosis than adults. Yet, this pandemic may have detrimental effects on growth and development of children, especially those who were already in the throes of malnutrition and poverty. Just the year before the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, around 5.3 million children around the world did not make it up to their fifth birthday. Nutrition-related factors contributed to about 45% of these deaths. While children suffering from severe acute malnutrition are more than nine times more likely to die from infections than children who are not undernourished, a large number of deaths also occur among moderately and mildly undernourished children who may otherwise appear healthy.
Public interest oversight on professional accountancy: How do accountants perceive it in Turkey?

Research Question: The study investigates consequences of the public oversight establishment on accounting profession and also attempts to understand the thoughts and perceptions of the licensed/certified professional accountants on the public oversight activities in Turkey as an emerging country. Motivation: Public oversight activities have been evolved since it has existed less than two decades. After the Sarbanes & Oxley Act, first initiative was appeared in the United States as the PCAOB Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, then many countries have followed. Public interest oversight institutions play a crucial role as a leader of integrity in ensuring high quality auditing within accurate and informative framework. Idea: This study can be model or benchmark for the studies that can be realized in the other developing countries that might be trying to develop and improve accounting and auditing profession. The study shows the public oversight on accountancy has been a need for a better financial reporting for an effective and efficient financial market. Data: In the survey, members of licensed professional accountants, members of licensed prospective future professional accountants, and licensed auditors were included. Tools: Using a questionnaire, a survey was conducted as a methodological approach to determine the thoughts, perceptions, and expectations of respondents. Findings: The study concludes that professional accountants are aware of public oversight regulations and activities in Turkey. They are mainly thinking that public oversight activities will be impacting positively to the Turkish public accounting profession. Also, professional accountants mainly perceive that public oversight activities will be contributing efficient and effective financial reporting for financial and money markets in the country. Particularly financial statement audit environment has been changed and up scaled due to inspection activities of the public oversight organization on the auditors and audit firms. The results of the study might be interesting for the stakeholders of the public oversight activities on accounting profession.
Hepatic Uptake and Metabolism of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran

The pharmacokinetics of TCDD and related compounds is congener, dose, and species specific, with urinary and biliary excretion being dependent on the metabolism of these compounds. Isolated hepatocytes and liver slices in suspension culture and hepatic microsomes were used as in vitro models to assess the hepatic uptake and metabolism of [3H]- and [14C]TCDD and [3H]TCDF (0.01-1.0 microM) in control and induced (5 micrograms TCDD/kg, 3 days earlier) male Sprague-Dawley rats. TCDD pretreatment, with an increase in cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 (CYP1A1, CYP1A2), produced an increase in the hepatic uptake of TCDD, while no increase in the hepatic uptake of TCDF was observed. The results are consistent with CYP1A2 serving as a hepatic binding protein for TCDD but not for TCDF. The rates of metabolism of TCDD and TCDF were directly proportional to their concentrations, indicating that the reaction follows first order kinetics at concentrations from 0.01 to 1.0 microM. Very limited metabolism of TCDD and TCDF was observed in control rat liver (0.45 and 3.2 pmol/hr/g hepatocyte wet wt at 0.1 microM, respectively). TCDD induced its own rate of metabolism about two- to fivefold at 1.0 microM but no induction was observed at 0.01 and 0.1 microM. In contrast, TCDD markedly induced the rate of TCDF metabolism at all substrate concentrations. While the results support the role of rat CYP1A1 in TCDF metabolism, the data suggest that CYP1A1 or CYP1A2 may not metabolize TCDD. These results also support the hypothesis that the more rapid metabolism and excretion of TCDF accounts for the relative resistance of the rat to the acute toxicity of TCDF. Comparative studies in rat and human liver microsomes found that TCDF metabolism exhibited first order kinetics in both species. Furthermore, the rate of TCDF metabolism in human liver microsomes was similar to that of control rat liver microsomes. Together the results suggest that TCDF will be far more persistent in rats, and possibly humans, following exposure at low doses which do not significantly induce cytochrome P450 1A1 and/or 1A2.
Analisis Transisi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektoral di Indonesia

Penelitian ini menjelaskan adanya kondisi Indonesia yang mengalami transisi penyerapan tenaga kerja menuju industrialisasi secara sektoral. Dengan menggunakan Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas), penelitian ini melihat keadaan sebelumnya dari pekerja yang dipekerjakan untuk mengetahui transisi pekerjaan sektoral. Dengan model multinomial logit, penelitian ini menggunakan variabel transisi dilengkapi dengan karakteristik lain yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral. Hasil temuan ini menjelaskan bahwa transisi sektoral yang memiliki peluang besar mengarah pada sektor industri dan jasa yang menjelaskan peran disrupsi ekonomi yang besar terhadap perubahan. Tidak hanya transisi di sektor lain, studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa besarnya kemungkinan pekerja memilih untuk tetap berada di sektor yang sama sesuai dengan perspektif mereka sendiri. Dari keseluruhan transisi antar sektor, sektor pertanian memiliki nilai penyerapan tenaga kerja terkecil dibandingkan sektor lainnya dan sektor industri merupakan sektor yang paling diminati dibandingkan dengan sektor jasa. Dengan hasil temuan ini, pemerintah sebaiknya mendorong peningkatan dalam sektor pertanian melalui kemajuan pada sektor non pertanian dengan tujuan meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi sektor pertanian. Kata kunci: Disrupsi Ekonomi, Industri, Jasa, Pertanian, Transisi Sektoral.
Optimal interface controller design for haptic system

Haptic technology is the future oriented technology having wide applications in various field from medical, military and pilot training to video games and smartphones. In medical, it can prove a major asset for training the surgeon. The key performance issues in a haptic system are stability and transparency. This paper presents the design of haptic interface controller (HIC) for a 1-DOF haptic system designed to be used by surgical practitioners. The designed controller emphasizes on stability and transparency under the presence of uncertainty and delay. The optimal parameter of HIC has been selected using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and modified Particle Swarm Optimization (m-PSO). The performance of the designed controller is evaluated in terms of performance measure and compared with the conventional tuning method.