Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SWARM: A Self-Organization Approach for Layout Automation in Analog IC Design

Optimization-based analog layout automation does not yet find evident acceptance in the industry due to the complexity of the design problem. This paper presents a Self-organized Wiring and Arrangement of Responsive Modules (SWARM), able to consider crucial design constraints both implicitly and explicitly. The flexibility of algorithmic methods and the expert knowledge captured in PCells combine into a flow of supervised module interaction. This novel approach targets the creation of constraintcompliant layout blocks which fit into a specified zone. Provoking a synergetic self-organization, even optimal layout solutions can emerge from the interaction. Various examples depict the power of that new concept and the potential for future developments.
Neural Reflex Control of Inflammation During Sepsis Syndromes

“Healthy organs behave as ‘biological oscillators’, which couple to one another, and this orderly coupling is maintained through a communication network, including neural, humoral, and cytokine components” (Godin & Buchman, 1996). The nervous system –acting through the autonomic nervous system (ANS)– coordinates the fine-tuning of cardiorespiratory interplay, to maintain an appropriate oxygen delivery to the tissues (Abboud & Thames, 1983; Eyzaguirre et al., 1983). Autonomic (sympatheticparasympathetic) balance is maintained by several reflex arcs, like arterial baroreflexes (Kirchheim, 1976), central chemoreflexes, peripheral arterial chemoreflexes, and pulmonary stretch reflexes (Liljestrand, 1958). These reflexes represent the major components of blood pressure and breathing regulation. Therefore, the interactions among these reflexes are of special clinical interest, since the overactivity of a single reflex, occurring pathophysiologically in several disorders, can lead to the suppression of opposite reflex responses (Schmidt et al., 2001).
Hypertension screening and follow-up in children and adolescents in a Canadian primary care population sample: a retrospective cohort studystudy.

BACKGROUND Uncertainty exists about the need to screen for hypertension in children and adolescents. Information on current screening and follow-up rates in Canadian community practices is not available. There are no Canadian guidelines on the subject. We sought to identify current rates of pediatric hypertension screening and follow-up in Canada. In addition, we examined patient and provider characteristics associated with rates of blood pressure screening. METHODS We used electronic medical record data extracted on Apr. 1, 2013, from 79 family practices in Toronto. We identified children seen at least twice between the ages of 3 and 18 years, with at least 6 months between first and last encounter. We used Multivariate Poisson regression analysis to analyze variation in blood pressure measurement rates and associations with patient and physician factors. RESULTS We identified 5996 children (62% of 9667 in total) who had at least 1 blood pressure measurement recorded. Of these children, 14% had at least 1 abnormal blood pressure measurement, and of those children, only 5% had a follow-up measurement recorded within 6 months. After adjustment, increases in rates of blood pressure measurements were associated with greater number of encounters (rate ratio [RR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.04, p < 0.001), older age at first encounter (RR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10, p = 0.002), and female sex (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.20, p = 0.006). Obesity or a recorded family history of hypertension were not associated with more blood pressure measurements. Female physicians recorded more blood pressure measurements than did male physicians (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.04-1.89, p = 0.02). INTERPRETATION This screening measure was frequently done and appeared to be incompletely followed up. Clear guidance is needed; guideline developers should consider reviewing this topic.
[Abnormalities in high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension -- correlation with hemodynamic parameters and prognostic significance].

INTRODUCTION The risk stratification in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients is currently based on haemodynamic and functional parameters as well as serum biomarker concentrations. Until now the importance of changes appearing in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs of patients with IPAH has not been investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Lung HRCT scans were analysed retrospectively in 48 IPAH patients (patients): 37 women, 11 men, mean age 41 +/- 15 years. RESULTS Focal ground-glass opacifications (FGG) were found in 12 patients (25%), and centrilobular nodules (CN) were found in 8 patients (17%). In the remaining 58% of patients HRCT revealed no changes (N). Significantly lower stroke volume was found in the CN group (41.0 +/- 8.5 ml) compared to 60.8 +/- 15.1 ml in the FGG group and 58.1 +/- 18.0 ml in the N group (p = 0.03). Right atrial pressure was significantly higher in the CN group (12.2 +/- 4.86 mm Hg) than in the FGG group (6.9 +/- 3.9 mm Hg) and the N group (7.6 +/- 5.3 mm Hg), p = 0.047. The presence of nodules was combined with considerably increased risk of death, both in univariate analysis (HR 5.35, 95% CI: 1.16-24.7, p = 0.03) and in multivariate analysis (HR 6.98, 95% CI: 1.41-34.59, p = 0.02). Ground-glass opacifications correlated neither with haemodynamic nor functional indexes, and were of no prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS The presence of centrilobular nodules in lung HRCT scans of IPAH patients was combined with more severe haemodynamic compromise and was an independent negative prognostic indicator.
Strategy to Replace the Damaged Power Device for Fault-Tolerant Induction Motor Drive

In this paper, the most suitable time to replace to the damaged element in open-loop and closed-loop control for the fault-tolerant induction motor drive system is presented, with a previous stage of fault-diagnostic to detect a short-circuit or open-circuit failure in the power device. The technique is based on the connection of bidirectional switches to isolate electrically the damaged element by mean of fuse blown corresponding, to activate another bidirectional switch to replace only the damaged device by another healthful one. Simulation and experimental results are obtained in order to validate the technique proposed which is based on replacing the damaged element at the most suitable moment in order to decrease the tracking error of the motor current during the fault transient.
Visual Discomfort and Objective Measures of Static Accommodation

Purpose. Accommodation insufficiency and fatigue have been associated with near work visual discomfort symptoms, but clinical measures of accommodation amplitude suggest insufficiency is uncommon and often not weak enough to cause symptoms. However, recent studies show that the clinical push-up test used to measure amplitude overestimates accommodative function. This study uses an open-field autorefractor to measure accommodative stimulus-response functions objectively in college students with and without near work induced discomfort symptoms. Methods. Using a Grand-Seiko WAM 5500 autorefractor, 2 min recordings were made each at five viewing distances (0 to 5 D) to measure an accommodative response function. Visual discomfort symptoms were assessed using the Conlon survey. Results. A strong and positive correlation between accommodative lag and visual discomfort symptoms was found under near work conditions. The prevalence of accommodative insufficiency was much higher than estimated by clinical measures. Conclusions. Accommodative insufficiency and fatigue should be defined and described by objective methods using extended viewing times to assess function.
Electrical impedance tomography and Calderón's problem

We survey mathematical developments in the inverse method of electrical impedance tomography which consists in determining the electrical properties of a medium by making voltage and current measurements at the boundary of the medium. In the mathematical literature, this is also known as Calderón's problem from Calderón's pioneer contribution (Calderón 1980 Seminar on Numerical Analysis and its Applications to Continuum Physics (Río de Janeiro, 1980) p 65 (Soc. Brasil. Mat.)). We concentrate this review around the topic of complex geometrical optics solutions that have led to many advances in the field. In the last section, we review some counterexamples to Calderón's problems that have attracted a lot of interest because of connections with cloaking and invisibility.
Phosphorylation of Osteopontin Is Required for Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification*

Osteopontin (OPN) is a non-collagenous, glycosylated phosphoprotein associated with biomineralization in osseous tissues, as well as ectopic calcification. We previously reported that osteopontin was co-localized with calcified deposits in atherosclerotic lesions, and that osteopontin potently inhibits calcium deposition in a human smooth muscle cell (HSMC) culture model of vascular calcification. In this report, the role of phosphorylation in osteopontin's mineralization inhibitory function was examined. The ability of OPN to inhibit calcification completely depended on post-translational modifications, since bacteria-derived recombinant OPN did not inhibit HSMC mineralization. Following casein kinase II treatment, phosphorylated OPN (P-OPN) dose-dependently inhibited calcification of HSMC cultured in vitro about as effectively as native OPN. The inhibitory effect of osteopontin depended on the extent of phosphorylation. To determine the specific structural domains of OPN important for inhibition of calcification, we compared OPN fragments (N-terminal, C-terminal, and full-length), and compared the inhibitory effect of both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated fragments. While none of the non-phosphorylated OPN fragments effected calcification, P-OPN caused dose dependent inhibition of HSMC calcification. P-OPN was treated with alkaline phosphatase to create dephosphorylated OPN. Dephosphorylated OPN did not have an inhibitory effect on calcification. The expression of OPN mRNA and P-OPN secretion by HSMC were decreased in a time-dependent manner during culture calcification. These results indicate that phosphorylation is required for the inhibitory effect of OPN on HSMC calcification, and that regulation of OPN phosphorylation represents one way in which mineralization may be controlled by cells.
Extract semantic web knowledge from Wikipedia tables and lists

Wikipedia is currently one of the most significant knowledge base for human but it is still hard to access automatically by machines. Nowadays, there are much efforts to transform the knowledge resides in Wikipedia to machine readable information in the form of Linked Data to be used in many intelligent applications with Semantic Web technology. However, the knowledge extracted from Wikipedia focused on some structured elements such as Infoboxes and Categories. There are many important semi-structured and unstructured elements that have not yet been extracted to Linked Data. This work proposes a method to extract two elements of the rich informative part of Wikipedia which are Tables and Lists. Some sets of newly created schema and ontology are provided to support the extracted information.
Integrating Blended Learning into Situational Writing for Vocational High School Students

This study aims to explore vocational high school students' attitudes toward integrating blended learning into situational writing, and the learning effectiveness of that integration. A total of 84 vocational high students were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received writing instruction through an online platform, whereas the control group received writing instruction in traditional classrooms. Attitude toward writing and writing performance were assessed before and after the experiment. Also, learning satisfaction survey was conducted afterwards. The findings of this study reveal that results of the post-test total scores and behavior are significantly higher than the pre-test total scores and behavior results for both the experimental and control groups. Particularly, organization, language usage, and the overall performance in the students' writings are significantly improved. Scores for affection and behavior and total scores for attitude toward writing are significantly higher for the experimental group than for the control group. Both groups show significant satisfaction with the instructional method, interactivity, and total grades.
Induction of tolerance in peripheral T cells with monoclonal antibodies

Our goal has been to develop ways to tolerize the mature immune system to any defined antigen. In this report we show that peripheral (post‐thymic) T cells of mice can become tolerant to a range of antigens (human and rat immunoglobulins, and bone marrow and skin grafts that differ at multiple minor transplantation antigens). In the case of human gamma globulin (HGG), this required that the antigen be given under the cover of a short course of non‐depleting anti‐CD4 antibody, while for tolerance to skin and marrow grafts anti‐CD8 antibody was also required. Tolerance to HGG could be reinforced by repeated injections of HGG, but was lost in the absence of any further exposure to antigen. This reversal of tolerance with time was due to new Tcells being exported from the thymus, as it was not observed in tolerized, adult thymectomized mice. In contrast, tolerance to marrow and skin grafts was permanent, presumably because the established grafts acted as a continuous source of antigen to reinforce the tolerant state. Tolerance could not be broken by the infusion of unprimed spleen cells and in one example (tolerance to Mls‐1a) there was clear evidence that specific peripheral T cells were anergic. We propose that anergic cells may themselves participate in reinforcing the tolerant state by competing at sites of antigen presentation.
COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION OF CYTOKINES mRNA IN LUNGS OF RATS INDUCED BY INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION AND INHALATION OF MINERAL FIBERS

To investigate whether the results of intratracheal instillation studies on mineral fibers reflect the findings obtained by long-term inhalation data on mineral fibers, we have examined gene expression of cytokines and pathological features in lungs induced by intratracheal instillation and inhalation of mineral fibers. Male Wistar rats were given a single intratracheal instillation of 2 mg alumina silicate refractory fiber (RF1) or potassium octatitanate whisker (PT1), and were sacrificed 4 wk after the fiber instillation. Long-term inhalation studies were also performed. In these, animals were exposed to fiber aerosol of RF1 or PT1 for 5 days/wk for 1 yr, and sacrificed after 1 yr of inhalation. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) from lungs was observed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and TGF-beta1 mRNA in PT1-exposed lung was significantly higher than for those exposed to RF1 in both intratracheal instillation and inhalation studies. Pathological findings revealed that mild pulmonary fibrosis was seen in the lungs after intratracheal instillation and inhalation of PT1 but not RF1. Similarities were observed not only in gene expression of cytokines but in pathological features between both studies. These data suggested that the results of intratracheal instillation reflect the findings obtained from long-term inhalation data.
To be folded or to be unfolded?

The lack of ordered structure in “natively unfolded” proteins raises a general question: Are there intrinsic properties of amino acid residues that are responsible for the absence of fixed structure at physiological conditions? In this article, we demonstrate that the competence of a protein to be folded or to be unfolded may be determined by the property of amino acid residues to form a sufficient number of contacts in a globular state. The expected average number of contacts per residue calculated from the amino acid sequence alone (using the average number of contacts for 20 amino acid residues in globular proteins) can be used as one of the simple indicators of natively unfolded proteins. The prediction accuracy for the sets of 80 folded and 90 natively unfolded proteins reaches 89% if the expected average number of contacts is used as a parameter and 83% in the case of hydrophobicity. An optimal set of artificial parameters for 20 amino acid residues obtained by Monte Carlo algorithm to maximally separate the sets of 90 natively unfolded and 80 folded proteins demonstrates the upper limit for prediction accuracy, which is 95%.
Universality of power-law voltage dependence for TDDB lifetime in thin gate oxide PMOSFETs

Voltage, polarity and thickness dependencies of time-to breakdown in n-FETs and p-FETs are investigated under inversion and accumulation conditions. The voltage dependence of all the cases is clearly described by a power-law. The voltage acceleration exponents (n) of the power-law of 45 (n-FETs inv.), 40 (n-FETs acc.) and 44 (p-FETs acc.) are independent of thickness. On the other hand, in p-FETs under inversion mode, the exponents (n) are /spl sim/45 for |Vg|>3.8 V and 33 for |Vg|<3.8 V, regardless of thickness. This change in the exponent (n) is explained by a cathode side hydrogen release model.
Wirkungen der Mindestlohnregelungen in acht Branchen

Seit Jahren gibt es in Deutschland eine kontroverse Debatte uber die Einfuhrung von Mindestlohnen. Das Argument, dass Mindestlohne fur Wirtschaft, Wettbewerb und Beschaftigung negative Effekte haben, spielt dabei eine zentrale Rolle. Bisher gab es in Deutschland keine empirischen Untersuchungen zu den Wirkungen von Mindestlohnen auf Beschaftigung und Lohnentwicklung in unterschiedlichen Branchen. Die Expertise fasst die Ergebnisse von Wirkungsanalysen aus 8 Branchen zusammen, die im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums fur Arbeit und Soziales erarbeitet und im Herbst 2011 veroffentlicht wurden. Sie haben bisher kaum Eingang in die Debatte gefunden. Deutlich wird, dass es erhebliche politische Handlungsspielraume gibt, die Schieflage in der Lohnverteilung zu korrigieren, ohne dass die Beschaftigung darunter leidet.
Postreceptor Effects of Sulfonylurea on Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Synthase Activity in Type II Diabetic Patients

To elucidate the subcellular mechanism of action of sulfonylurea on glucose utilization of skeletal muscle, we studied nine newly diagnosed patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. Examinations were performed before and after 8 wk of gliclazide therapy. Gliclazide treatment was associated with improved glycemie control and enhanced pancreatic β-cell responses to meal stimulation. During euglycemic insulin clamps, insulin-inhibited endogenous glucose production was improved after gliclazide therapy. Moreover, mean (±SE) glucose disposal rate increased from 3.2 ± 0.7 to 4.8 ± 0.8 and from 7.9 ± 0.9 to 10.4 ± 0.9 mg · kg1 · min−1 at in vivo plasma insulin levels of ∼75 and ∼320 mU/L, respectively. In addition, insulin-receptor function and glycogen synthase activity were analyzed in skeletal muscle biopsies obtained in seven patients. The biopsies were obtained during basal insulinemia and hyperinsulinemia (∼320 mU/L) before and after treatment. Insulin receptors purified with wheat-germ agglutinin showed unchanged insulin-binding properties and unchanged receptor kinase function with respect to basal and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of exogenous peptide poly(Glu80Tyr20). Gliclazide treatment had no effect on the maximal activities of glycogen synthase. Moreover, in biopsies obtained at basal insulinemia, the half-maximal activation constant for glucose 6-phosphate (A0.5) was identical before and after therapy (0.54 ± 0.05 vs. 0.54 ± 0.05 mM, respectively, NS). However, in biopsies obtained at hyperinsulinemia, A0.5 was 0.30 ± 0.05 vs. 0.20 ± 0.02 mM before and after gliclazide therapy, P < . 04. In conclusion, this study indicates that gliclazide, in addition to its splanchnic effects, may enhance insulin-stimulated peripheral glucose metabolism through a potentiation of insulin action on skeletal muscle glycogen synthase by a mechanism distal to the insulin-receptor kinase.
Untangling Social, Ritual and Cosmological Aspects of Fishhook Manufacture in the Middle Mesolithic Coastal Communities of NE Skagerrak

This article investigates the entanglement of environment, materiality, technology and cosmology in the Middle Mesolithic Stone Age (8300–6300 cal. BC), of the NE Skagerrak area of Eastern Norway and Western Sweden, by focusing on the manufacture of bone fishhooks. The argument made is that fishhooks are key objects for exploring the world‐views of Middle Mesolithic coastal groups. Fishhooks were linked with daily subsistence, invested with much labour, and their manufacture was entwined with the hunting of ungulates that provided their raw material. This process involved the transformation of living bodies into artefacts. Thus, it is argued that these mundane objects were considered active agents in mediating the dangers and insecurities of an unpredictable maritime life. 斯卡格拉克中石器时代东北沿海社群鱼钩制造的社会-仪式及宇宙观方面的解读 本文通过关注骨质-钩的制造, 探讨了处于东挪威和西瑞典的斯卡格拉克地区东北部中石器时代 (公元前8300‐6300) 的环境、物质性、技术及宇宙观-间的纠缠。 文中所提出的论点是, 鱼钩是探索中石器时代沿海群体世界观的关键对象。 鱼钩与日常生活息息相关, 人们投入大量劳动力, 它们的制造还与狩猎提供原材料的有蹄类动物紧密相连。 这-过程涉及将活体转变为人工制品。 因此, 有一种观点认为, 这些平凡的物件被看作是调解不可预知的海上生活带来的危险和不安全感的活性剂。 斯卡格拉克中石器時代東北沿海社群魚鈎制造的社會、儀式及宇宙觀方面的解讀 本文通-關注骨質-鈎的制造, 探討了-于東挪威和西瑞典的斯卡格拉克地區東北部中石器時代 (公元前8300‐6300) 的環境、物質性、技術及宇宙觀-間的糾纏。 文中所提出的論點是, 魚鈎是探索中石器時代沿海群體世界觀的關鍵對象。 魚-與日常生活息息相關, 人們投入大量勞動力, 它們的制造-與狩獵提供原材料的有蹄類動物緊密相連。 這-過程涉及將活體-變爲人工制品。 因此, 有一種觀-認爲, 這些平凡的物件被看作是調解不可預知的海上生活帶來的危險和不安全感的活性劑。 Fiskekroker av bein forekommer på kystlokaliteter datert til mellommesolittisk tid (8300‐6300 f. Kr.) i det nordøstlige Skagerak (Oslofjordsområdet og den svenske vestkysten). Gjennom å studere tilvirkning, bruk og avhending av fiskekroker utforsker jeg hvordan funksjonelle, sosiale, rituelle og kosmologiske aspekter kan være sammenfiltret i tilsynelatende ubetydelige bruksgjenstander. Sentralt i artikkelen er antropologen Pierre Lemmoniers tilnærming til teknologi, som handler om hvordan sentrale verdier og sosiale relasjoner kommuniseres ordløst gjennom felles håndverksproduksjon. Å tilvirke fiskekroker av bein er en møysommelig prosess som innebærer en lang rekke av operasjonelle handlinger (chaîne opératoires) der hjortedyr ble omformet fra levende kropper til funksjonelle redskaper. I jeger/fisker‐sankersamfunn er ervervet forbundet med usikkerhet, og bruk og produksjon av jakt‐ og fiskeredskaper er ofte omgitt av ritualer og tabuer som skal sikre hell i jakt og fiske. Med utgangspunkt i slike forestillinger foreslår jeg at fiskekroker fungerte som «liminale agenter»: redskaper som intervenerte mellom den terrestriske og den marine sfæren.