Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliance on Science by Inventors: Hybrid Extraction of In-Text Patent-to-Article Citations

We curate and characterize a complete set of citations from patents to scientific articles, including nearly 16 million from the full text of USPTO and EPO patents. Combining heuristics and machine learning, we achieve 25% higher performance than machine learning alone. At 99.4% accuracy, coverage of 87.6% is achieved, and coverage above 90% with accuracy above 93%. Performance is evaluated with a set of 5,939 randomly-sampled, cross-verified “known good” citations, which the authors have never seen. We compare these “in-text” citations with the “official” citations on the front page of patents. In-text citations are more diverse temporally, geographically, and topically. They are less self-referential and less likely to be recycled from one patent to the next. That said, in-text citations have been overshadowed by front-page in the past few decades, dropping from 80% of all paper-to-patent citations to less than 40%. In replicating two published articles that use only citations on the front page of patents, we show that failing to capture those in the body text leads to understating the relationship between academic science and commercial invention. All patent-to-article citations, as well as the known-good test set, are available at http://relianceonscience.org.
Quantized adhesion detected with the atomic force microscope

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is rapidly becoming a powerful tool for investigating surface chemistry and adhesion. Current efforts with this new instrument are guided by the pioneering research of Israelachvili and his colleagues, whose work with the surface force apparatus has laid the foundation for investigating interactions near and between surfaces. The AFM is capable of measuring forces of less than 10^(-11) N with high spatial resolution, thus making possible the study of very weak interactions and local surface chemistry. Here we report the first (to our knowledge) observation of discrete adhesive interactions with measured forces of 1 x 10^(-11) N. Two mechanisms for this effect are proposed: individual hydrogen bonds between the tip and surface are resolved or ordered water layers create different force minima near the surface.
Revisit of AAA Excellence of Global Value Chains: Robustness, Resilience and Realignment

What are the attributes of the best performing supply chains? According to Lee (2004), the best supply chains are agile, adaptable, and ensure the interests of all participating companies stay aligned, i.e., The Triple-A framework. Fifteen years later, we find global supply chains exposed, with an increasing frequency and alarming severity, to low probability disruptive shocks. We revisit the question of the current attributes of best performing supply chains in a highly uncertain and risk fraught world. Using the lessons of the last twenty years, we propose a new framework, the “Triple A &amp; R” framework, as the foundational concept for defining excellence capabilities in global supply chains. Supply chains have to enhance agility with robustness, for real time excellent performance across a wide-range of risk scenarios. Adaptability has to go beyond adjustment to trends and require the building of resilience to recover from current shocks and proactively mitigate future such shocks. We need to rethink and pursue re-alignment of incentives for a “new normal” with changing consumer preferences, new value propositions and innovative business models. We review relevant literature that supported the implementation of Triple-A practices in the best chains, and highlight the challenges faced by them in the last twenty years. We offer an array of interesting research directions to flesh out “Triple A &amp; R” concepts and develop practices for its effective implementation.
ABNORMAL THE DIELECTRIC AND FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE AND TRIFLUOROETHYLENE COPOLYMER UNDER DIFFERENT ELECTRIC FIELD AND ELECTRON-IRRADIATED

ABSTRACT Based on the dielectric characteristics versus temperature at multifrequency, an abnormal ferroelectric relaxation of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene copolymer(P(VDF/TrFE)) is observed. Curie points of the copolymers are shifted progressively toward higher temperature with frequency increasing, and they decrease largely with irradiation dose increasing. Hysteresis loops of P(VDF/TrFE) were performed under different electric fields and electron-irradiated. The hysteresis loop had a middle-shrunk shape under low field. It was changed gradually into a shape of normal ferroelectric with increasing of the measuring electric field. The coercive field and remanent polarization of samples are gradually decreasing with the increasing irradiation dose, and the hysteresis loops become slimmer. The mechanisms of above phenomena are discussed in this paper.
Twitter reactions to the UN’s #HeForShe campaign for gender equality: A corpus-based discourse analysis

CITATION Harvey, R. (2020). Twitter reactions to the UN’s #HeForShe campaign for gender equality: A corpusbased discourse analysis. Journal of Corpora and Discourse Studies, 3:31–50 ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that conducting a corpus-based analysis of Twitter data presents several methodological challenges (McEnery et al., 2015; Zappavigna, 2012). This paper exemplifies one possible approach: analysing keywords to identify discourses. Twitter presents difficulties not only to corpus-based discourse analysists; researchers have argued that many not-for-profit organisations struggle to maximise the potential of social media sites such as Twitter (Lovejoy et al., 2012). This paper analyses a corpus of tweets containing the hashtag #HeForShe which were posted between 2014-09-20 and 2014-10-02. The main aim is to consider public opinion of the United Nation's HeForShe campaign for gender equality, immediately after the campaign launch. The analysis reveals that discussion of the campaign is largely positive; however, it is possible to identify unexploited opportunities, that is, ways that the campaign could have utilised Twitter to increase public engagement. This paper therefore makes several recommendations that future similar campaigns by not-for-profit organisations should ideally be aware of, in order to exploit these opportunities where possible. The analysis of discourses also enables a more general discussion of how concepts such as gender and feminism are portrayed in the corpus.
Amplification and cloning of arabidopsis 6xhis-tagged mpk6 fusion encoded gene to characterize biochemical mitogen-activated protein kinase in disease resistance role against Fusarium graminearum

The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MPK) cascade plays an important role in the intracellular signaling transduction pathway leading to resistance against phytopathogens produced by Fusarium graminearum. In the cascade, there are three prominent kinase protein groups involved, an MPK kinase kinase (MPKKK), MPK kinase (MPKK), and an MPK. Recognitions of pathogen-derived molecules in plants trigger rapid activation of some MPKs including MPK6 which are found in a wide variety of plant species, including in Arabidopsis thaliana. The structure of MPK6 contains kinase domain and common docking (CD) domain. CD domain is phosphorylated by interact with MPKK. Moreover, the MPKK which binds to MPK6 and its phosphorylation mechanism are still unknown, so as initial study is needed to investigate biochemical characterization by prepare MPK6 protein. In this research, mpk 6 was amplified by using a pair primer and subsequently was ligated into pET160/GW/D-TOPO vector which contained with sequence encoded 6xHistidine tag protein for protein purification assay.
“Where’s your bum brain?” Humor, social understanding, and sibling relationship quality in early childhood

We investigated humor production in relation to social understanding and relationship quality in early childhood, by coding N = 72 5-year-olds’ ( M = 5.78, SD = .41) spon taneous humor production during play with an older ( n = 34; M age = 7.84 years, SD = .84) or younger sibling ( M age = 3.72 years, SD = .54).
Time and Cost Efficient Cloud Resource Allocation for Real-Time Data-Intensive Smart Systems

Cloud computing is the de facto platform for deploying resource- and data-intensive real-time applications due to the collaboration of large scale resources operating in cross-administrative domains. For example, real-time systems are generated by smart devices (e.g., sensors in smart homes that monitor surroundings in real-time, security cameras that produce video streams in real-time, cloud gaming, social media streams, etc.). Such low-end devices form a microgrid which has low computational and storage capacity and hence offload data unto the cloud for processing. Cloud computing still lacks mature time-oriented scheduling and resource allocation strategies which thoroughly deliberate stringent QoS. Traditional approaches are sufficient only when applications have real-time and data constraints, and cloud storage resources are located with computational resources where the data are locally available for task execution. Such approaches mainly focus on resource provision and latency, and are prone to missing deadlines during tasks execution due to the urgency of the tasks and limited user budget constraints. The timing and data requirements exacerbate the efficient task scheduling and resource allocation problems. To cope with the aforementioned gaps, we propose a time- and cost-efficient resource allocation strategy for smart systems that periodically offload computational and data-intensive load to the cloud. The proposed strategy minimizes the data files transfer overhead to computing resources by selecting appropriate pairs of computing and storage resources. The celebrated results show the effectiveness of the proposed technique in terms of resource selection and tasks processing within time and budget constraints when compared with the other counterparts.
Mapping the binocular scotoma in macular degeneration

When the scotoma is binocular in macular degeneration (MD), it often obscures objects of interest, causing individuals to miss information. To map the binocular scotoma as precisely as current methods that map the monocular scotoma, we propose an iterative eye-tracker method. Study participants included nine individuals with MD and four age-matched controls. We measured the extent of the monocular scotomata using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope/optical coherence tomography (SLO/OCT). Then, we precisely mapped monocular and binocular scotomata with an eye tracker, while fixation was monitored. Participants responded whenever they detected briefly flashed dots, which were first presented on a coarse grid, and then at manually selected points to refine the shape and edges of the scotoma. Monocular scotomata measured in the SLO and eye tracker are highly similar, validating the eye-tracking method for scotoma mapping. Moreover, all participants used clustered fixation loci corresponding to their dominant preferred fixation locus. Critically, for individuals with binocular scotomata, the binocular map from the eye tracker was consistent with the overlap of the monocular scotoma profiles from the SLO. Thus, eye-tracker-based perimetry offers a reliable and sensitive tool for measuring both monocular and binocular scotomata, unlike the SLO/OCT that is limited to monocular viewing.
Effects of dopants on the synthesis of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 ceramics by the reaction‐sintering method

Sintering aid‐doped 0.8Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.2PbTiO3 (0.8PMN‐0.2PT) relaxor‐based ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by the reaction‐sintering method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, SEM observation, and density measurement confirmed that the Li2CO3‐ and CuO‐doped 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics exhibit pure rhombohedral perovskite structure, rather homogenous micromorphology and high relative density. As compared to the undoped 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics, the Li2CO3‐ and CuO‐doped 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics exhibit enhanced dielectric diffused and frequency dispersion, improved ferroelectric property, and piezoelectric property, while as the sintering temperature is decreased greatly. Therefore, Li2CO3 and CuO are effective sintering aids for the PMN‐PT ceramics prepared by the reaction‐sintering method, which exhibit promising applications in the electronic ceramic industries.
Adaptation of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for cases of child sexual abuse with complex trauma: A clinical case illustration

Child sexual abuse is an important public health issue given its magnitude and the multiple associated consequences. The diversity of profiles in child victims of sexual abuse calls for a more personalized approach to treatment. Indeed, recent studies suggest that children display a variety of symptoms and that a subgroup of sexually abused children may present a profile of complex trauma. This article first presents a review of the scientific literature that positions Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT; Cohen et al., 2017) amongst the best practices to address trauma-related symptoms following child sexual abuse; whether it is co-occurring with other forms of violence or not. Various adaptations of TF-CBT therapy are proposed by the authors (Cohen et al., 2012) to treat children facing complex trauma. These adaptations are summarized and illustrated with the presentation of a clinical case involving two siblings from the same family.
Machine Learning for Automated Extraction of Building Geometry

Author(s): Touzani, Samir; Pritoni, Marco; Singh, Reshma; Granderson, Jessica | Abstract: As data science comes to buildings, the promise of using machine learning and novel sources of data has received much attention. Advances in machine learning and computer vision algorithms, combined with increased access to unstructured data (e.g., images and text), have created an opportunity for automated extraction of building characteristics – cost-effectively, and at scale. Acquisition of features such as footprint are time consuming and costly to acquire with today’s manual methods, but can be streamlined through intelligent software-based solutions applied to satellite images. When combined with aerial RGB and thermal images, full 3D geometries and thermal maps can be constructed to determine additional characteristics such as window to wall ratio, height, number of stories and envelope thermal characteristics. In this paper we present three contributions to accelerate these high potential opportunities: (1) a methodical analysis of how these features can be integrated into today’s simulation and data driven software tools to enhance efficiency measure identification and owner/operator decision making; (2) development and accuracy testing of open source deep neural network methods to extract building footprints from satellite imagery, including the curation and application of openly available GIS datasets for training and continued development by others; and (3) an open framework for drone-based image capture and creation of 3D building geometries. This work represents an important bridge between high-level studies that span diverse application areas and those that detail point solutions yet cannot be easily replicated or extended.
Students' Attitudes as Regard to Distance Learning of Anatomy Courses throughout COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown Period among Medicine and Paramedical Faculties of Najran University, Saudi Arabia

Globally, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced learning systems in all types of educational institutions. During the lockdown instituted to prevent viral transmission in Saudi Arabia, it was decided to utilize digital platforms as an alternative mode of delivery of educational material. The transition to e-learning has many challenges. Anatomy is a foundation science which traditionally necessitates practical teaching sessions in the dissection laboratory for effective information delivery. Transferring to an e-learning format was not straightforward for either the educators or students. The aims of this study was to find out medical and paramedical trainees’ perspectives in relation to receiving an anatomy teaching programme in an e-learning environment during the lockdown period necessitated by the coronavirus outbreak. Medical and paramedical students at Najran University who participated in digital anatomy programmes during lockdown were surveyed through use of an online questionnaire. Quantitative cross sectional analysis was performed. The results showed that scholars rapidly became proficient in using online tools. Approximately half of the students were sufficiently self-disciplined to interact successfully with the digital system. Forty percent stated that they would be willing to continue using online resources going forwards. Digital learning platforms could offer both pedagogues and students benefits and potential difficulties. A significant proportion of scholars reported that e-learning offered an opportunity of self-motivated and self-sufficient learning experiences, and that interaction with educators and peers was facilitated. Also, it was generally felt that digital visual components were not an adequate replacement for the dissection laboratory.
Vibrational Properties of InSe under Pressure: Experiment and Theory

The pressure dependence of the phonon modes in the layered semiconductor γ-InSe has been investigated experimentally and theoretically for pressures up to 11 GPa. The mode Gruneisen parameters of all Raman-active zone-center phonons have been determined by Raman scattering under pressure. In addition, features corresponding to second and third-order scattering processes are apparent in the Raman spectra under resonance conditions, from which information about zone-edge modes can be obtained. For the assignment of the observed Raman features to vibrational modes we have calculated the phonon dispersion curves using a rigid-ion model including couplings to first-nearest neighbors and long-range Coulomb interaction. At about 7 GPa the sample turns from transparent to opaque and a new Raman mode appears in the spectra at around 165 cm−1. This is evidence of a pressure-induced structural instability of γ-InSe, which is optically detected but not by X-ray diffraction.
Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis

Pleistocene water bodies have been studied using the paleolimnological approach, which traces environmental changes using particular subfossils as ecological proxies, rather than analysis of the paleocommunities themselves. Within a given taphocoenosis, the presence and quantity of animals are related to environmental conditions rather than to community types where relationships between taxa are stabilized during their long-term co-occurrence and are (at least partially) more important than the particular environmental conditions at the time of deposition, which may have experienced significant seasonal and inter-seasonal variations. Here, we analyze Branchiopoda (Crustacea) of two paleolocalities in the Transbaikalian Region of Russia: Urtuy (MIS3) and Nozhiy (older than 1.5 million years). Cladocerans Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) magna, D. (C.) similis, D. (Daphnia) pulex, Ceriodaphnia pulchella-reticulata, C. laticaudata, Simocephalus sp. , Moina cf. brachiata, M. macropopa clade, Chydorus cf. sphaericus, Capmtocercus sp. and anostracans Branchinecta cf. paludosa, and Streptocephalus (Streptocephalus) sp. are found in two localities. With the exception of the last taxon, which now occurs in the southern Holarctic, all other taxa inhabit the Transbaikalian Region. Within Eurasia, the steppe zone has the greatest diversity of large branchiopods and a high diversity of some cladocerans, such as subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) and Moina sp. Here we demonstrated that the branchiopod community in shallow steppe water bodies has been unchanged since at least the Pleistocene, demonstrating long-term morphological and ecological stasis.
Diverse Slip Behavior of the Banyak Islands Subsegment of the Sunda Megathrust in Sumatra, Indonesia

Nearly every type of slip behavior of which megathrusts are known to be capable of has been observed within a narrow ~75‐km‐wide strip of the Sunda megathrust—the Banyak Islands subsegment. The diverse list of recorded slip events starts with the great 1861 MW ~ 8.5 earthquake and includes the 1907 MW ~ 8.2 shallow tsunami earthquake, the 1966–1981 slow slip event, the great 2005 MW 8.6 Nias‐Simeulue earthquake and associated afterslip, many small (M < 6) to moderate (6 ≤ M < 7) earthquakes, and the large 6 April 2010 MW 7.8 Banyak Islands earthquake. In this paper we map out the spatial and temporal relationships between these slip events to search for a pattern and possible controls on slip behavior. We use GPS and coral geodetic data to derive a coseismic slip distribution for the relatively understudied 2010 event and find that this event fits like a puzzle piece into a low slip patch left by the 2005 event. We compare the recent slip sequence with the historical sequence associated with the 1861 event and find that the modern slip pattern could be a repeat of the historical slip pattern, possibly suggesting the importance of stationary fault properties in controlling slip. The diverse set of slip events mostly fit our expectations within depth‐dependent rupture zones; however, the overlaps between events of different slip types may complicate this conceptual model. Along strike, we suggest that a subducting fracture zone could act to diversify the slip behavior, and we explore possible mechanisms for this slip control.
Detecting Dependencies Between Bug Reports to Improve Bugs Triage

Software development teams need to deal with several open reports of critical bugs to be addressed urgently and simultaneously. The management of these bugs is a complex problem due to the limited resources and the deadlines-pressure. Most of the existing studies treated bug reports in isolation when assigning them to developers. Thus, developers may spend considerable cognitive eﬀorts moving between completely unrelated bug reports thus not sharing any common ﬁles to be inspected. In this paper, we propose an automated bugs triage approach based on the dependencies between the open bug reports. Our approach starts by localizing the ﬁles to be inspected for each of the pending bug reports. We deﬁned the dependency between two bug reports as the number of common ﬁles to be inspected to localize the bugs. Then, we adopted multi-objective search to rank the bug reports for programmers based on both their priorities and the dependency between them. We evaluated our approach on a set of open source programs and compared it to the traditional approach of considering bug reports in isolation based mainly on their priority. The results show a signiﬁcant time reduction of over 30% in localizing the bugs simultaneously comparing to the traditional bugs prioritization technique based on only priorities.