Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adjusting Planning Management and Control to the Owner Environment Case Study: Consultant Adjustment to the Owner Environment in Thailand

Consultant and owner play a very important role in the construction sector which is one of the main sectors in economic development. There are many stakeholders in a construction project including but not limited to: owner, consultant, contractor, subcontractor, and supplier. The consultant is the party who is to stay in close touch with the project owner, which both consultant and owner are considered as the main key stakeholders to make the project happen. It`s not a simple task for a consultant to just implement the same style of management and control within various projects that are of a different background and character of owners. Thus, the adjusting plan management and control to the owner environment has been an essential technique to drive the project to success. The objective of this paper is to identify the significant management techniques for adjusting a plan of management and control to the owner environment in Thailand. The methodology is the identification throughout the analogous to abduction from literature review and our empirical observations of Future Engineering Consultants Co, Ltd. We have been in consultation for twenty-five years (25) in Thailand with 209 projects from both public and private owners. As a result, there are (1) Project management styles, (2) Personal style, (3) Owner expectation management, (4) Scope Management, (5) Time Management, (6) Cost Management, (7) Quality Management, and (8) Environmental Management. The input are: a clear defined goal, showing respect by giving good service, maintaining high quality, keeping in touch with owners, and resources. This would give the output of the project`s success by meeting the owner`s expectation and requirements.
Internal differentiation within multinational corporations

This paper argues that the internal structure in complex, multi‐unit organizations such as a multinational corporation (MNC) is not homogeneous throughout the organization, but is systematically differentiated so as to ‘fit’ the different environmental and resource contingencies faced by the different national subsidiaries. Based on a survey of 66 of the largest European and North American MNCs, yielding data on 618 cases of headquarters‐subsidiary relations, it is shown that the different contextual conditions faced by the different subsidiaries of the MNC can be meaningfully classified into four generic situations. Furthermore, for each of these situations the exchange relation between the MNC headquarters and the subsidiary is characterized by a ‘fit’ governance structure consisting of a different combination of structural elements such as centralization of authority, formalization of rules and systems, and normative integration of members. Following the existing literature, these ‘fit’ structures are labeled in this paper as hierarchical, federative, clan and integrative. The multinational is then described as an internally differentiated organization in which each headquarters‐subsidiary link corresponds to one or the other of these administrative forms.
Asset choice in British central banking history, the myth of the safe asset, and bank regulation

The paper describes the use of commercial bills in Bank of England open-market operations from the earliest days of central banking in the 19th century, when, it is suggested, the Bank of England’s main objective was what would now be called macro-prudential, until the 1980s, when commercial bill purchases were an essential feature of contemporary anti-inflationary policy. It explores the relationship between government securities, central bank assets and bank liquidity regulation, exposes as a myth the belief that government securities are perfectly safe assets, and challenges the idea that central banks should confine their asset holdings to government securities. In addition, the paper argues that by making more active use of the policy instrument of central bank asset choice, by acknowledging the connection between liquidity regulation and open-market operations, and by making certain changes to the Basel 3 Liquidity Coverage Ratio regulations, central banks could both better achieve some of their macro-prudential policy objectives and stimulate high-quality bank lending.
Robust genetic network programming on asset selection

Financial innovation is continuously testing the asset selection models, which are the key both for building robust portfolios and for managing diversified risk. This paper describes a novel evolutionary based scheme for the asset selection using Robust Genetic Network Programming(r-GNP). The distinctive feature of r-GNP lies in its generalization ability when building the optimal asset selection model, in which several training environments are used throughout the evolutionary approach to avoid the over-fitting problem to the training data. Simulation using stocks, bonds and currencies in developed financial markets show competitive advantages over conventional asset selection schemes.
ESTABLISHING REPUTATION ON THE WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE: INTERNATIONAL BROKERS AS LEGITIMATING AGENTS.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how firms establish reputation with investors in the uncertain environment of an emerging economy. Following the work of Rao (1994), we treat reputation as the outgrowth of legitimation. We identify independent third parties as potential facilitators of the legitimation process. Specifically, we suggest that international brokers serve as "legitimating agents" on the Warsaw Stock Exchange by acting as a bridge between those seeking reputation (i.e., client firms) and those responsible for conferring reputation (i.e., investors). We find strong empirical evidence for the suggestion that international brokers serve as legitimating agents for client firms. Thus, we find that firms in emerging economies can enhance their reputation by employing the services of a reputable independent third party.
Issues of governance in sport organisations: a question of board size, structure and roles

Abstract Governance is a critical component of the effective management of a sport organisation. Due to the changing nature of sport organisations, most notably the movement to adopt business models of operation, questions of appropriate forms of governance have attracted increasing research attention in the sport sector. This paper reviews the governance literature in sport management, and discusses issues of board roles and board composition. Four governance theories are presented to help us better understand how to interpret the function of board roles in sport organisations. We conclude by suggesting future research directions.
Development of 10kW grid-connected photovoltaic inverter with high frequency transformer

This paper presents 10 kW grid connected photovoltaic inverter with high frequency transformer. This inverter system consist of DC/DC Converters, 2 high frequency transformers in parallel, diode full bridge rectifiers and 3 phase inverter. Proto Type inverter is manufactured and experimented. High frequency link DC-DC converter increases input DC voltage and supplies power to the inverter, which can energize directly the grid without LF step-up transformer. This system is lighter, more efficient and economical than the inverter with utility frequency transformer.
Evaluación de la recuperación de un suelo salino sódico después de la incorporación de biosólidos y de un tratamiento hidrotécnico

Rosa Icela Beltrán Hernández*. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Formación profesional: Ing. Bioquímico, Instituto Tecnológico de Jiquilpan. Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias con especialidad en Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad México, D.F. Experiencia profesional: Docencia, dirección de tesis e investigación (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología-IPN, Universidad Tecnológica de Tula-Tepeji y Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo) Carlos Alexander Lucho Constantino Departamento de Biotecnología del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad México, D.F. Luc Dendooven Departamento de Biotecnología del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad México, D.F. Dirección del autor principal (*):Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientales del Centro de Investigaciones Químicas de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5 Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 4200. Pachuca, Hgo. México. Tel. 01 (771) 717 2000 Ext. 6501 ó 6785. Fax: 01 (771) 717 2000 Ext. 6502. E-mail: rosa@uaeh.reduaeh. mx
Speed-Dependent Modulation of Muscle Activity Based on Muscle Synergies during Treadmill Walking

The regulation of walking speed is easily achieved. However, the central nervous system (CNS) must coordinate numerous muscles in order to achieve a smooth and continuous control of walking speed. To control walking speed appropriately, the CNS may need to utilize a simplified system for the control of numerous muscles. Previous studies have revealed that the CNS may control walking via muscle synergies that simplify the control of muscles by modularly organizing several muscles. We hypothesized that the CNS controls the walking speed by flexibly modulating activation of muscle synergies within one gait cycle. Then, we investigated how the activation of muscle synergies depend on walking speeds using the center of activity (CoA) that indicates the center of the distribution of activation timing within one gait cycle. Ten healthy men walked on a treadmill at 14 different walking speeds. We measured the surface electromyograms (EMGs) and kinematic data. Muscle synergies were extracted using non-negative matrix factorization. Then, we calculated the CoA of each muscle synergy. We observed that the CoA of each specific synergy would shift as the walking speed changed. The CoA that was mainly activated during the heel contact phase (C1) and the activation that contributed to the double support phase (C3) shifted to the earlier phase as the walking speed increased, whereas the CoA that produced swing initiation motion (C4) and the activation that related to the late-swing phase (C5) shifted to the later phase. This shifting of the CoA indicates that the CNS controls intensive activation of muscle synergies during the regulation of walking speed. In addition, shifting the CoA might be associated with changes in kinematics or kinetics depending on the walking speed. We concluded that the CNS flexibly controls the activation of muscle synergies in regulation of walking speed.
Thailand's food retail transition: supermarket and fresh market effects on diet quality and health

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the food retail transition underway in Thailand, a transitional middle-income setting, is associated with increased consumption of processed foods high in fat, salt and energy. Such “problem foods” are important risks for avoidable cardio-vascular disease and diabetes burdens. Design/methodology/approach – The source population were members of the nationwide Thai Cohort Study (TCS) followed since 2005 (n=87,151) for a study of the health-risk transition. For this report we used a multi-region sub-sample (n=1,516) of TCS members responding to an additional questionnaire about food environments, shopping patterns and food consumption. By using a TCS sub-sample we gained access to four years (2005-2009) of longitudinal observations on a wide array of variables related to health and wellbeing from an informative group. Findings – Overall 85 per cent of the sample now have access to supermarkets; ten years ago the figure was 47 per cent, and when ag.
The Real Effects of Credit Contractions: A Firm-Level Analysis

How costly are systemic credit contractions? We examine this question using episodes of systemic banking crises across many countries and compare firm sales, profitability and investment during crisis, post-crisis, and pre-crisis periods. We find that credit contractions are costly for firms and are of similar or higher magnitudes compared to costs of financial distress. The costs are higher for firms normally more reliant on the external capital market for their financing needs. Our results also show that externally dependent firms recover more quickly towards their pre-crisis levels of investment, and that the recovery is facilitated when the external capital market is "deep" or well developed. We find that the bank-lending channel mechanism is a more plausible explanation for the empirical effects of credit contractions than the borrowers' balance sheet channel.
A Lodging Internship Competency Model: Enhancing Educational Outcomes through Work Integrated Learning

Abstract This paper examines current views of lodging industry executives as to competencies required of student interns and introduces a model for the development of these competencies through the ‘work integrated learning’ internship process. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into the intern competencies that are currently considered most necessary by the lodging industry – an area that is under-researched in the lodging internship literature – so as to progress understanding of how lodging management education programs, particularly internships, can improve educational outcomes for all stakeholders to the process – educators, industry and students. The paper first offers an introduction and background on work integrated learning, internships and lodging competencies, before presenting the results of a preliminary survey into lodging executive's views of desired intern competency levels, pre-and post-internships, across 18 core essential competencies (CECs). The results of this preliminary survey indicate that leadership and interpersonal skills are the intern competencies most required by industry and that interns should even display some level of competence in these skills prior to commencing the internship. The Lodging Internship Competency Model proposed is an introductory model designed to highlight potential relationships between key variables in the competency development process of the lodging internship.
Correlation Between The Penetration Strategies And Marketing Mix Of International Hotel Chains In Romania

On the Romanian market there are 21 international hotel chains, having 51 hotels. The goal of the research paper is to analyze which are the marketing mix policies and strategies used by the hotels, belonging to an international hotel chain on the Romanian market. For this purpose, a descriptive research was implemented through investigation of all the hotels that are part of an international hotel chain. The research reveals that hotels operate by abiding the norms established by contract. The higher the risk, the investment and control are, the more influence the hotel chain has regarding the pricing strategies. Hotels use their own channels but also the parent chain channels. Promotion strategy takes into account global, regional and local issues encountered. The majority of the hotels have the possibility to decide some internal elements for their personnel. All the hotels apply norms and standardized procedures regarding the quality of the services. The most expected advantage for a hotel that belongs to an international chain is the visibility at international level.
Prognostic Significance of TAZ Expression in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Introduction: Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is known to bind to a variety of transcription factors to control cell differentiation and organ development. Recently, TAZ has been identified as an oncogene and has an important role in tumorigenicity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, TAZ may present a novel target for the future diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy for lung cancer. We investigated the relationship between TAZ expression and clinicopathological parameters and determined its prognostic significance concerning survival in patients with resected NSCLC. Methods: TAZ expression was immunohistochemically studied in 181 consecutive patients with NSCLC and 20 cases of normal lung tissue. The association between expression of TAZ and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the effect of TAZ expression on survival. Results: TAZ expression was observed in 121 of the 181 (66.8%) NSCLC. TAZ had nuclear and cytoplasmic expression. Clinicopathologically, TAZ expression was significantly associated with lung adenocarcinoma (p = 0. 002), poorer differentiation (p = 0.001), p-tumor, node, metastasis stage (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.032), intratumoral vascular invasion (p = 0.004), pleural invasion (p = 0.003), adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.044), and poorer prognosis (p = 0.002). Multivariable analysis confirmed that TAZ expression increased the hazard of death after adjusting for other clinicopathological factors (hazard ratio, 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.39–4.66; p = 0.01). Overall survival was significantly prolonged in TAZ negative group when compared with TAZ positive group (61.8 versus 47.1 months; p < 0.0001), as was disease-free survival (44.3 versus 25.1 months; p < 0.0001). Adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged overall survival among resected NSCLC patients with TAZ positive expression (p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that TAZ expression is a prognostic indicator of poorer survival probability for patients with resected NSCLC.
The marketing of 3G

This paper is about the marketing of the next generation of mobile phones. It begins with comments on the state of the telecom industry and draws attention to elements of technological and product convergence, highlighting the point that while industry convergence on digital technology is a fact, today’s mobile telephony marketplace is nonetheless characterised by three generations of technology and the latest generation, 3G, embraces three related but competing standards. The paper examines 2G, 2 and a half G and 3G developments around the world and identifies factors relevant to the marketing of 3G, including recognition of geographical and user diversity and the consequent need for marketers to keep these various user perspectives in mind. There is recognition of the financial pressure on telephone operators and of the sometimes emotional and fickle preferences of telephone users. However, customer desire for personalisation, including personalised 3G services, are important features of the marketplace, as will be the availability of simple, secure payment systems.
Dynamical instability in driven colloids

Brownian-dynamics computer simulations show a dynamical crossover in a strongly interacting colloidal suspension consisting of oppositely driven particles, wherein a uniform state transforms, with increasing driving force, into a locally demixed state characterized by strongly anisotropic stripe-like domains which are homogeneous in the direction parallel to the drive but have finite spatial extent of a double-correlation length in the transverse direction. A phenomenological dynamic density-functional theory has been proposed which accounts for such a strongly anisotropic state as arising from an instability of a homogeneous state.
Neural networks and genetic algorithms for dynamic systems control

This paper &ak with the predictive control strategv of non linear dynamic systems based on Artijiiial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms (GAS). The Feed Forward Neural Networks ( F F W is used to obtdn the model of the process. The control action is provided by minimiring a control objective which is function of the future prediction oufput and the future control actions. The optimization is carried out using GAS. The proposed control scheme is applied to numerical problems and the simulation results are included
The N-Terminal Domain of the Murine Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Determines the CEACAM1 Receptor Specificity of the Virus Strain

ABSTRACT Using isogenic recombinant murine coronaviruses expressing wild-type murine hepatitis virus strain 4 (MHV-4) or MHV-A59 spike glycoproteins or chimeric MHV-4/MHV-A59 spike glycoproteins, we have demonstrated the biological functionality of the N-terminus of the spike, encompassing the receptor binding domain (RBD). We have used two assays, one an in vitro liposome binding assay and the other a tissue culture replication assay. The liposome binding assay shows that interaction of the receptor with spikes on virions at 37°C causes a conformational change that makes the virions hydrophobic so that they bind to liposomes (B. D. Zelus, J. H. Schickli, D. M. Blau, S. R. Weiss, and K. V. Holmes, J. Virol. 77: 830-840, 2003). Recombinant viruses with spikes containing the RBD of either MHV-A59 or MHV-4 readily associated with liposomes at 37°C in the presence of soluble mCEACAM1a, except for S4R, which expresses the entire wild-type MHV-4 spike and associated only inefficiently with liposomes following incubation with soluble mCEACAM1a. In contrast, soluble mCEACAM1b allowed viruses with the MHV-A59 RBD to associate with liposomes more efficiently than did viruses with the MHV-4 RBD. In the second assay, which requires virus entry and replication, all recombinant viruses replicated efficiently in BHK cells expressing mCEACAM1a. In BHK cells expressing mCEACAM1b, only viruses expressing chimeric spikes with the MHV-A59 RBD could replicate, while replication of viruses expressing chimeric spikes with the MHV-4 RBD was undetectable. Despite having the MHV-4 RBD, S4R replicated in BHK cells expressing mCEACAM1b; this is most probably due to spread via CEACAM1 receptor-independent cell-to-cell fusion, an activity displayed only by S4R among the recombinant viruses studied here. These data suggest that the RBD domain and the rest of the spike must coevolve to optimize function in viral entry and spread.
Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Are Necessary for Estrogen to Enhance Acquisition of a Delayed Matching-to-Position T-Maze Task

Intraseptal injections of the selective cholinergic immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin (SAP) were performed to determine whether basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are necessary for hormone-mediated enhancement of acquisition in a delayed matching-to-position (DMP) T-maze task. The DMP task is a simple spatial learning task. Studies have shown that continuous estradiol replacement enhances acquisition of the DMP task in young ovariectomized rats and that long-term treatment with either estradiol or estradiol + progesterone can prevent a deficit in DMP acquisition in old rats. In the present study, continuous estradiol replacement significantly enhanced acquisition of the DMP task by non-SAP-treated, ovariectomized rats. In contrast, neither continuous estradiol nor weekly administration of estradiol + progesterone significantly enhanced acquisition of the DMP task in rats that received intraseptal injections of either a high dose (1.0 microg) or a low dose (0.22 microg) of SAP. Animals that reached criterion were significantly impaired by rotating the maze 180 degrees regardless of treatment, suggesting that animals in all groups used extramaze cues to at least some degree to solve the task. SAP-treated animals were slightly more sensitive to increasing the intertrial delay than non-SAP-treated controls, suggesting that the SAP lesions produced a modest deficit in spatial working memory. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the loss of cholinergic neurons in specific regions of the basal forebrain of SAP-treated animals. In addition, DMP acquisition correlated significantly with ChAT activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. The data suggest that basal forebrain cholinergic projections are necessary for hormone-mediated enhancement of DMP acquisition.