Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security for mobile users of telecommunication services

This paper examines some of the most important security issues for mobile telecommunications users, such as internationally-mobile users of the telephone system. It examines the security problems associated with free movement of customers through multiple provider domains, and how these may be overcome using modern security techniques. An example of such an issue is the unique naming of users. Distributed databases of user and other information are set to become central to the provision of truly international telecommunications services. The security issues raised in the provision and maintenance of such databases, including the need to comply with personal privacy legislation, are examined in the latter part of this paper. The paper concludes with an outline of some security tools and protocols which may be used to overcome the problems raised. <<ETX>>
Social Media as Assistive Technology for Elderly

An enormous amount of data is being pooled through the use of social media which is being mined to get benefits in different areas such as healthcare, business, and learning. Providing care to elderly at their home environment is understood as a complex problem and different types of systems are being proposed which can eliminate the presence of caregiver. Social media is acting as the superlative tool to provide elderly a mean of entertainment, communication and information exchange. The data contributed by them can be served to them after converting it into the knowledge. Healthcare professional are interested in the data of elderly so that they can propose solutions to assist them. The organization colleting health data needs the data of elderly activities so they can correlate with other types of activities for their betterment. This work aims to use social media as an assistive technology for elderly which can help them to spend a better life. Different views such as caregiver, healthcare professionals, organization, etc. collecting health data can be benefited through this work. Modern technology such as mobile technology, database, data mining techniques, cloud servers, and user interfaces aiding to make this work possible.
Model of Consumer Trust for E-Commerce in Indonesia

Internet usage in Indonesia has been on the rise. In Indonesia, the year to year number of active internet users are expected to increase exponentially. In a 2014 survey, Indonesia placed six on the largest internet user population of the world. A joint research by Indonesian E-Commerce Association (idEA), Google Indonesia, and TNS (Taylor Nelson Sofres) revealed that in 2013, the Indonesian e-commerce market’s worth reached as much as 8 billion US dollars or equivalent to 94.5 trillion Indonesian rupiahs. The number is forecasted to triple the amount into 295 trillion rupiahs by 2016. Not only does internet function as means to seek information, but it’s now been a viable platform for business activities. This industry, revolving around online transactions, is called e-commerce. In e-commerce, more so than conventional business, trust is paramount. The present study sought to develop a model for consumer trust in e-commerce business in Indonesia. A scale used as measurement for this study was derived from a previous scale by McKnight and Chervany that consisted of six parts: disposition to trust, trusting belief, trusting intention, personal innovativeness, general web experiences, and perceived quality. The study was attended by 195 subjects. Sampling was done through convenience sampling. Method employed for data analysis was path analysis. All this resulted in a model of e-commerce consumer trust.
The employment and psychological contract in the Department of Health in the Vaal Triangle : a case study

The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between the psychological contract (employer obligations, employee obligations), job satisfaction, organisational commitment, intention to quit and individual characteristics of nurses (N=220) in the Vaal Triangle‟s provincial hospitals and primary health care centres. A cross-sectional survey design was conducted. Results demonstrated that qualifications of nurses have a positive and significant correlation between hours of work and job satisfaction and that a practically significant relationship exists between qualification, employer obligations and employee obligations. A significant but small difference was found between younger and older employees regarding tenure. No differences were found between tenure, employer obligations, job satisfaction, organisational commitment and intention to quit.
A quantitative study of satellite cells and myonuclei in stretched avian slow tonic muscle

Satellite cell frequency was assessed in control and stretched anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscles of adult quail. A weight equal to 10% of body mass was attached to one wing for time intervals ranging from 1–30 days. The contralateral ALD served as the intra‐animal control. Satellite cell frequency, expressed as a percentage of total myofiber nuclei within the basal lamina, was determined in eight control and stretched ALD muscles, that had been weighted for 5, 7, or 10 days. Satellite cell frequency was determined in 584 control and 473 stretched fibers and was not different in the control or stretched ALD muscles (15.6 ± 2.3%, 16.7 ± 6.1%, respectively). The number of myofiber nuclei (myonuclei and satellite cell nuclei) was examined in whole fiber segments from control and stretched ALD muscles of 27 adult quail. Nuclear frequency was determined in 500 control and 1,200 stretched fiber segments. Fiber volume was calculated from fiber length and diameter measurements. Nuclear number normalized to 10,000 μm3 fiber volume was correlated to fiber cross‐sectional area (P < 0.0001). Fibers with cross‐sectional areas less than 500 μm2 had a greater nuclear to fiber volume ratio compared to fibers with areas greater than 500 μm2. The nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio was not constant in smaller fibers. Nuclear density decreased as fiber cross‐sectional area increased up to 500 μm2. Fibers with cross‐sectional areas greater than 500 μm2 demonstrated a constant nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio. The results demonstrate that absolute nuclear number increased to maintain a constant nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio in the stretched hypertrophied fibers. Daughter cells originating from activated satellite cells may have contributed to the myonuclear population to maintain a constant nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio in the hypertrophied fibers of the adult quail.
Rictor encounters RhoGDI2

Rictor’s role in cell migration has been first indicated in the original chemotaxis studies in Dictyostelium and more recent studies reported that rictor is required for migration of cancer cells. How rictor promotes cell migration remains poorly characterized. Based on our proteomics study we have identified a novel functional role of rictor in regulation of cell migration. Here, we discuss our recent finding that rictor by suppressing RhoGDI2 maintains activity of the Rac1/cdc42 GTPases and promotes cell migration. Our finding outlines a critical role of rictor in the regulation of RhoGDI2 activity. This study opens new avenues in the investigation of cancer metastasis by analyzing the rictor dependent post-translational modification of RhoGDI2.
Comparison of inpatient insulin regimens with detemir plus aspart versus neutral protamine hagedorn plus regular in medical patients with type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND Studies comparing the use of basal bolus with insulin analogs vs. split-mixed regimens with human insulins in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes are lacking. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a controlled multicenter trial, we randomized 130 nonsurgical patients with blood glucose (BG) between 140 and 400 mg/dl to receive detemir once daily and aspart before meals (n = 67) or neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) and regular insulin twice daily (n = 63). Insulin dose was started at 0.4 U/kg.d for BG between 140 and 200 mg/dl or 0.5 U/kg.d for BG 201-400 mg/dl. Major study outcomes included differences in mean daily BG levels and frequency of hypoglycemic events between treatment groups. RESULTS Glycemic control improved similarly in both groups from a mean daily BG of 228 +/- 54 and 223 +/- 58 mg/dl (P = 0.61) to a mean daily BG level after the first day of 160 +/- 38 and 158 +/- 51 mg/dl in the detemir/aspart and NPH/regular insulin groups, respectively (P = 0.80). A BG target below 140 mg/dl before meals was achieved in 45% of patients in the detemir/aspart group and 48% in the NPH/regular group (P = 0.86). During treatment, 22 patients (32.8%) in the detemir/aspart group and 16 patients (25.4%) in the NPH/regular group had at least one episode of hypoglycemia (BG < 60 mg/dl) during the hospital stay (P = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with basal/bolus regimen with detemir once daily and aspart before meals results in equivalent glycemic control and no differences in the frequency of hypoglycemia compared to a split-mixed regimen of NPH and regular insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Structural Covariates Of Homicide Rates: Does Type Of Homicide Matter?

This research extends a 1990 study by Land, McCall, and Cohen on the structural covariates of homicide rates. Examining neighborhoods in St. Louis, this study assesses whether socioeconomic and demographic characteristics are correlated with different types of homicide, thereby addressing the question of whether homicides are sufficiently distinct in nature that their levels are not equally associated with community characteristics. The findings indicate that while residential instability is associated only with felony killings, economic disadvantage is associated with all of the homicide categories. The theoretical significance of the findings for theories of violent crime is discussed.
Expression of Thirty-six Drug Transporter Genes in Human Intestine, Liver, Kidney, and Organotypic Cell Lines

This study was designed to quantitatively assess the mRNA expression of 36 important drug transporters in human jejunum, colon, liver, and kidney. Expression of these transporters in human organs was compared with expression in commonly used cell lines (Caco-2, HepG2, and Caki-1) originating from these organs to assess their value as in vitro transporter system models, and was also compared with data obtained from the literature on expression in rat tissues to assess species differences. Transporters that were highly expressed in the intestine included HPT1, PEPT1, BCRP, MRP2, and MDR1, whereas, in the liver, OCT1, MRP2, OATP-C, NTCP and BSEP were the main transporters. In the kidney, OAT1 was expressed at the highest levels, followed by OAT3, OAT4, MCT5, MDR1, MRP2, OCT2, and OCTN2. The best agreement between human tissue and the representative cell line was observed for human jejunum and Caco-2 cells. Expression in liver and kidney ortholog cell lines was not correlated with that in the associated tissue. Comparisons with rat transporter gene expression revealed significant species differences. Our results allowed a comprehensive quantitative comparison of drug transporter expression in human intestine, liver, and kidney. We suggest that it would be beneficial for predictive pharmacokinetic research to focus on the most highly expressed transporters. We hope that our comparison of rat and human tissue will help to explain the observed species differences in in vivo models, increase understanding of the impact of active transport processes on pharmacokinetics and distribution, and improve the quality of predictions from animal studies to humans.
Aspirin for primary prevention of coronary heart disease.

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the effects, both harmful and beneficial of aspirin in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease. PRIMARY QUESTIONS Does aspirin prevent fatal and non-fatal CHD in people without symptomatic vascular disease? Does aspirin reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality? SECONDARY QUESTIONS Are the effects of aspirin, be they harmful or beneficial, affected by underlying risk of CHD? Do the major adverse effects of Aspirin ever outweigh its benefit and is this balance affected by underlying CHD risk?
Cost of care of haemophilia with inhibitors

Summary. In Western countries, the treatment of patients with inhibitors is presently the most challenging and serious issue in haemophilia management, direct costs of clotting factor concentrates accounting for >98% of the highest economic burden absorbed for the healthcare of patients in this setting. Being designed to address questions of resource allocation and effectiveness, decision models are the golden standard to reliably assess the overall economic implications of haemophilia with inhibitors in terms of mortality, bleeding‐related morbidity, and severity of arthropathy. However, presently, most data analyses stem from retrospective short‐term evaluations, that only allow for the analysis of direct health costs. In the setting of chronic diseases, the cost‐utility analysis, that takes into account the beneficial effects of a given treatment/healthcare intervention in terms of health‐related quality of life, is likely to be the most appropriate approach. To calculate net benefits, the quality adjusted life year, that significantly reflects such health gain, has to be compared with specific economic impacts. Differences in data sources, in medical practice and/or in healthcare systems and costs, imply that most current pharmacoeconomic analyses are confined to a narrow healthcare payer perspective. Long‐term/lifetime prospective or observational studies, devoted to a careful definition of when to start a treatment; of regimens (dose and type of product) to employ, and of inhibitor population (children/adults, low‐responding/high responding inhibitors) to study, are thus urgently needed to allow for newer insights, based on reliable data sources into resource allocation, effectiveness and cost‐utility analysis in the treatment of haemophiliacs with inhibitors.
Employee perceptions of the talent management message: Case analyses in Danish SMEs

Much of the research on talent management has been focused on how it can be designed and implemented to maximize an organization’s competitive advantage. Far less attention has been aimed at understanding employees’ perceptions of their organizations’ talent management message. Moreover, studies on talent management have primarily been conducted in large, multi-national organizations. In our qualitative, multiple case study of nine SMEs in Denmark, we investigate employees’ perceptions of their organizations’ talent management message prior to and after being employed and how these before and after perceptions influence their current attitudes and behaviors. Our findings suggest that while externally oriented talent management messages in SMEs may mimic those of large organizations, internal messages may be far less explicit and formalized in SMEs. Further, there appeared to be a high level of incongruence between internal and external talent management messages in these SMEs. Significantly, the perceived impact of gaps between the external and internal talent management messages on employees’ attitudes and behaviors seemed however to be mitigated by value alignment. Drawing from these findings, we emphasize contributions to talent management theory and practice and propose a number of directions for future research.
Do Fringe Banks Create Fringe Neighborhoods? Examining the Spatial Relationship between Fringe Banking and Neighborhood Crime Rates

In the aftermath of one of the worst recessions in US history, high unemployment has placed millions of Americans in precarious financial positions. More than ever, Americans are opting out of traditional financial services, relying instead on “fringe lenders” such as check cashers, payday lenders, and pawnshops to manage their finances. Given their tremendous growth and the concern that consumers who are least able to pay for high-cost, high-risk financial products are most likely to use them, fringe lenders have been the subject of controversy and the focus of much research. Largely unknown, however, are the effects of fringe lenders on the communities where they are located. Given their spatial concentration in low-income neighborhoods with greater concentrations of racial and ethnic minorities—areas with typically more crime—of concern is whether fringe lenders themselves are criminogenic. We consider this by examining the impact of several types of fringe lenders on neighborhood crime rates in Los Angeles. Our findings reveal that the presence of fringe banks on a block is related to higher crime levels, even after controlling for a range of factors known to be associated with crime rates. The presence of a fringe bank also impacts crime, particularly robbery, on adjacent blocks. Whereas we find that pawnshops have little impact on crime levels, payday lenders and check cashers have a much stronger impact. Finally, we discover there are moderating effects, as the fringe lender–crime relationship is considerably reduced if the lender is located in a higher population density area.
Ekspansjon, motiver og økonomistyring : en studie av Sparebank1 SMN Regnskap AS

The purpose of this study is to provide information about what one of the largest accountancy companies in Norway want to achieve in expanding the company, and how this expanding process affect their management control systems. Based on the data I have been collecting, I will study how the company are working towards a process like this and to uncover the variation and what experience the company have being doing compared to what the theory say about this. My report is titled "Expansion, motives and management controla case study of SpareBank 1 SMN accounts LTD." Some of the aspects I have been studying are acquisitions and merging, synergisms, different management control aspects, changes and institutionalisations. My research during this four month period are based on a frame of reference and extensive information from the CEO of this company. The research shows that the company are doing well in their due dilligence process before the acquisitions are being done, and that their management control systems are, in many ways, being formed by their surroundings, their goals and motivations for their wish to extend. But there are still some points in the process who could have been done better. Handelshogskolen i Bodo I
In vivo myocardial tissue kinetics of Gd(ABE‐DTTA), a tissue‐persistent contrast agent

The phenomenological tissue kinetics of Gd(ABE‐DTTA) was investigated in myocardial infarction (MI). Reperfused infarction was generated by balloon catheter in closed‐chest canines (N = 11). Forty‐eight hours thereafter, inversion‐recovery (IR)‐prepared fast gradient‐echo control images were acquired with varying inversion times (TIs). Precontrast R1 maps were calculated from the TI dependence of signal intensity (SI) using nonlinear curve fitting. Then 0.05 mmol/kg Gd(ABE‐DTTA) was administered I.V. In 11 dogs postcontrast R1 maps were generated at 24 hr and 48 hr postcontrast. In five dogs measurements were also repeated at 108 hr and 12 days. In one dog early measurement was carried out at 4 hr. ΔR1 values for blood and viable and infarcted myocardium were calculated at each time point by subtracting the precontrast R1 from the postcontrast R1. Gd(ABE‐DTTA) showed significant, progressive accumulation into infarcts during the first 2 days (kin = 0.39 hr–1) and a delayed clearance (kout = 0.005 hr–1). Among the time points sampled, the maximum infarct ΔR1 was detected at 48 hr (1.72 s–1). Contrast agent (CA) in infarcted tissue was detectable for 12 days. Clearance from blood and viable myocardium occurred in parallel and was completed by 108 hr. Gd(ABE‐DTTA) displays slow, tissue‐persistent kinetics and partly intravascular, partly extravascular characteristics. It demonstrates high affinity for infarcted myocardium and induces highlighting of infarcts between 4 hr and 12 days following administration. Magn Reson Med 58:55–64, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiac-Specific Deletion of Mkk4 Reveals Its Role in Pathological Hypertrophic Remodeling but Not in Physiological Cardiac Growth

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)4 is a critical member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. It is able to activate the c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in response to environmental stresses. JNK and p38 are strongly implicated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure; however, the regulatory mechanism whereby the upstream kinase MKK4 activates these signaling cascades in the heart is unknown. To elucidate the biological function of MKK4, we generated mice with a cardiac myocyte-specific deletion of mkk4 (MKK4cko mice). In response to pressure overload or chronic β-adrenergic stimulation, upregulated NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cell) transcriptional activity associated with exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy and the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes were observed in MKK4cko mice. However, when subjected to swimming exercise, MKK4cko mice displayed a similar level of physiological cardiac hypertrophy compared to controls (MKK4f/f). In addition, we also discovered that MKK4 expression was significantly reduced in heart failure patients. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that MKK4 is a key mediator which prevents the transition from an adaptive response to maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy likely involving the regulation of the NFAT signaling pathway.
The assessment of health literacy is a nursing priority.

H ealth literacy is defined as the degree to which an individual has the capacity to obtain, process, and understand health information and services to make appropriate decisions. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, more than 80% of adults in the United States have difficulty with some aspect of the health information routinely available to them, both in health care facilities and popular media. The National Assessment of Adult Literacy, conducted in 2003, found that only 12% of adults had proficient health literacy. As self-reported overall health increased, health literacy proficiency increased. Adults with higher health literacy received more of their health information from written sources, whereas adults with lower health literacy received a majority of their health information from radio and television. Interestingly, adults with higher health literacy received an increased amount of their information about health issues from friends, family members, and coworkers than those adults with lower health literacy. More than half of adults were unable to tell a researcher how to take recently prescribed medications, even when the patient was given printed materials. Patients with lower health literacy are more likely to use the emergency department for health care and are more likely to skip medical tests. Lower health literacy also impacts a patient’s ability to seek out health information, adopt healthy lifestyles, and respond to public health issues such as immunizations. Healthy literacy skills are a stronger predictor of health status than age, income, educational level, or race. The Partnership for Clear Health Communication estimates that people with low functional health literacy cost the health care system $50 to $73 billion in additional health expenditures annually.