Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Cough Detection System Based on Mutimodal Learning & Wearable Sensor to Predict the Spread of Influenza

1. 서론 현대의 의료 기술의 발달을 통해 인류는 이 전에 불가능 했던 많은 것들을 치료 및 예방 할 수 있게 되었다. 하지만 여전히 인플루엔자라고 불리는 독감과 같은 바이 러스성 질병은 바이러스의 특성으로 인해 예방에 어려움 을 격고 있다. [1] 인플루엔자라고도 불리는 독감은 매년 전 세계의 많은 사람들에게 영향을 끼치고 있으며 목숨까 지 위협한다. 각국은 자국의 상황에 맞는 독감의 대유행 지침을 만들고 이에 대한 대비를 하고 있다. 하지만 아무 리 대비를 잘하고 있는 국가라 하더라도 독감을 완벽히 예방하지 못하고 있다. [2] 유행성 독감은 주로 기침이나 재채기 혹은 대화 등을 통 해 생성되는 에어로졸 물질로 전파되는 비말전파와 매우 작은 에어로졸 물질인 비말핵을 통한 공기전파를 통해 이 루워 진다. 이러한 전염 방식의 특징으로 인해 역학적 연 관성조사와 예방이 어렵다. 이러한 유행성 독감을 예방을 위해서는 예방 백신 접종[3]과 손 씻기, 마스크 착용등 위 생적인 청결이 중요하다. [4] 예방 백신 접종과 개인 위생 관리의 경우 강제성이 없으며 이러한 행위들은 순전히 개
Efeito de aditivos biológicos comerciais na silagem de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

A completely randomized design with seven treatments and six replicates per treatment was conducted to study the effect of three commercial biological additives (B, C and D), in two concentrations (manufacturers recommended dose - concentration 1 or double dose -concentration 2) on pH and chemical composition of elephantgrass (var. Napier) silage. A lower pH (P<0.05) was observed in silage with additive B at concentrations 1 (pH=3.73) and concentration 2 (pH=4.07), when compared to the control treatment (pH=5.01). Silage dry matter (%) increased (P<0.05) with the use of additive B at concentrations 1 and 2 (29.9% and 31.3 %, respectively) and additives C and D at concentration 2 (26.8% and 25.7%, respectively) in comparison to the control treatment (24.0%). Silage with additive B had higher crude protein levels than the control treatment (6.6%) at concentrations 1 (13.4%) and 2 (12.1%). Lignin and neutral detergent fiber levels were lower (P<0.05) for treatments with additive B. The use of doble level of additive B did not increase its efficiency. All additives increased calcium concentration, but not phosphorus concentration. These results indicated that additive B (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici) improved elephantgrass silage fermentation process and its nutritional value. Increasing commercial biological additives above the manufacturers recommended level did not improve (P<0.05) silage quality.
Biosynthesis and photosynthate allocation patterns of arctic ice algae

Biochemical composition of the sea ice microbial community was measured in populations of different light histories in the Canadian Arctic (Resolute, N.W.T.). The average composition of the particulate organic matter [soluble and insoluble polysaccharide, particulate protein, intracellular free amino acids (IFAA), lipid, and chlorophyll a] was within the published range for microalgae, but lipid was a relatively large (3 l-59%) and protein a small (20-24%) part of the total. Protein and IFAA pools apparently comprised about 50% of the particulate organic nitrogen, of which 6-10% was in the IFAA pool. Over the cntirc spring growth season, the net synthesis of protein, IFAA, and Chl a (relative to total cell carbon) decreased with increasing light while relative synthesis of lipid and soluble polysaccharide increased, consistent with patterns of short-term photosynthate allocation. In the early growth season patterns of synthesis were relatively insensitive to light, and rates of lipid synthesis were large for all light histories. Photosynthate allocation in 24-h incubations greatly underestimated actual rates of net lipid synthesis and probably overestimated protein synthesis. Microalgae of cold, low-light environments can display rates of lipid synthesis much larger than rates normally encountered in microalgae without displaying a corresponding pattern of shorter term photosynthate allocation.
Flow hydrodynamics in tidal marsh canopies

The transport of particulate and dissolved matter on the surface of coastal marshes is controlled by the hydrodynamic characteristics of over-marsh flows. High-frequency (5 Hz) in situ measurements of flow speed were collected in Spartina alternijlora, Juncus roemerianus, and Di:-tichlis spicata canopies using hot-film anemometry sensor arrays. These data indicate that mean flow speed, turbulence intensity, and the shape of the vertical speed profile are influenced by variations in plant morphology and stem density. Mean flow speed and turbulence intensity are inversely related to stem density and to distance from the creek edge. Flow energies decrease by about one order of magnitude when flows encounter the vegetated marsh surface and continue to decrease as vegetation density increa,ses. Turbulent flow energy also decays exponentially with increasing distance from the creek edge. Reductions in flow speed coupled with energy decay provide a hydrologic mechanism for sediment deposition patterns commonly observed in marsh systems. Suspended matter transport is also affected by plant-flow interactions. Vertical flow structure is strongly influenced by canopy morphology (plant type and plant shape). Plant-flow interactions result in vertical speed profiles whose shapes deviate from the logarithmic profile typical in free-stream conditions and in the development of transitional flow regimes (i.e. neither laminar nor fully turbulent).
ASCB AWARD ESSAY Walking Along the Serendipitous Path of Discovery

Deciphering of the molecular mechanism of the “unfolded protein response” (UPR) provides a wonderful example of how serendipity can shape scientific discovery. Secretory and membrane proteins begin their journey to the cell surface in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Before leaving the organelle, proteins are quality-controlled, and only properly folded proteins are transported onwards. The UPR detects an insufficiency in the protein-folding capacity in the ER and in the ways of a finely tuned homeostat adjusts organelle abundance according to need. If the protein-folding defect in the ER cannot be corrected, the UPR switches from a cell-protective to a cell-destructive mode and activates apoptosis in metazoan cells. Such life or death decisions position the UPR in the center of numerous pathologies, including viral infection, protein-folding diseases, diabetes, and cancer. The UPR proved to be a rich field for serendipitous discovery because the molecular machines that transmit information about insufficient protein folding and activate appropriate gene expression programs function in unusual, unprecedented ways. A key regulatory switch in the UPR, for example, is a cytoplasmic, nonconventional mRNA spicing reaction, initiated by a bifunctional transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease.
Open Innovation: A Theory-Based View

In this short essay we argue that open innovation requires a point of view—a firmspecific theory. In competitive environments, openness is not a free and obvious resource: openness can be costly and requires a theory of what a firm should uniquely be open to. Openness is most effective when firms are not merely scanning or filtering the environment, but rather when they know what they are looking for—a critical distinction. Thus we argue that the commonly-used funnel or filtering metaphor of open innovation—where the firm seeks to be more and more open to the environment—is misleading and problematic. Instead, openness should be conceived of as a directed activity: an activity directed by the theories, hypotheses and problems of the firm. To use a metaphor, rather than increase the aperture, lens size, breadth and overall capacity to be open to and absorb external factors (information, ideas, products, solutions), we argue that the best outcomes from openness emerge from a more targeted searchor flashlight approach. We conclude with a discussion of future directions building on this agenda.
Understanding the Impact of Geographical Distance on Online Discussions

People in geographically close areas tend to show similarities in their interests such as sports, food, and festivals, which is often reflected in their discussion. Lifestyle and the way of communication among people living nearby play an essential role in this similarity. However, with the popularity of online social media platforms, communication with distant persons has become much easier and frequent. In one sense, social media platforms help in breaking the barrier of distance and bring people across geography closer. With this, a comprehensive study is required to understand whether geographical distance still has a significant impact on discussion or it has already faded and made us a global citizen. Moreover, if there is an impact of geographical distance on discussion, then it would be interesting to investigate whether this impact is uniform across different topics of discussion or not. This understanding will help in targeted marketing, advertisement, and policy-making. In this article, we analyze the geotagged tweet data collected for a period of around five months for three countries, USA, U.K., and India, each with diverse cultures and unique identities. We measure the impact of geographical distance at a finer granularity (within a country) in online discussions in terms of content similarity and other geographical parameters of topical tweets. This article reflects that there is a significant homogenization in online discussions with respect to geographical distance; however, this homogenization is not similar across all the topics of discussion and location. The impact varies depending on the topic of discussion and location.
A Radial-Flux Permanent Magnet Micromotor With 3D Solenoid Iron-Core MEMS In-Chip Coils of High Aspect Ratio

Because of the difficulty in fabricating iron-core solenoid coils by micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) processes, existing micromotors typically have an axial-flux structure with planar spiral coils or air-core solenoid coils. However, solenoid iron-core microcoils have a higher inductance and a lower magnetic resistivity than spiral coils and air-core solenoid coils. In this study, a radial-flux permanent magnet (PM) micromotor with 3D iron-core MEMS in-chip coils of high aspect ratio was designed and fabricated. The three-phase PM brushless direct current (BLDC) micromotor has four Nd-Fe-B magnet poles on a steel rotor and six solenoid Cu coils of high aspect ratio (coil height/line width = 14) in the silicon stator fabricated using MEMS processes. Iron cores were inserted into the coils, and a low-resistivity magnetic circuit was established. At 100 Hz, the inductance of a 15-turn coil was $13.2\mu \text{H}$ . The coils were embedded tightly in the silicon substrate, resulting in a good heat dissipation performance and thus a high current-carrying capacity. The hexagonal sheet-type micromotor weighed 2.25 g with a volume of 586.5 mm3 before bearing packaging. The modeling results showed that at 10000 rpm, the torque was $676\mu \text{N}\cdot \text{m}$ and the power density was 314 W/kg. This micromotor incorporates a conventional large-scale BLDC motor structure and the proposed design will help improve the power density and efficiency of micromotors, thereby broadening their application prospects.
Immunohistochemical localization of glutamine synthetase in developing maize kernels.

Antibodies to spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf glutamine synthetase (GS) cross-reacted with all forms of GS from the tissues of the maize (Zea mays L.) kernel. Phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG was used to detect sites of anti-GS binding in paraformaldehyde-fixed cryostat sections of whole maize kernels from 8 to 32 days after pollination. A positive GS signal was found in the vascular tissue of the kernel base, the pericarp, and lower endosperm cells at all stages examined. Embryo staining increased from none to heavy throughout development and was uniform throughout the embryo. Staining increased throughout the endosperm up to 24 days after pollination, then remained intense in the lower endosperm while decreasing in the upper endosperm. Staining was very weak in the basal endosperm transfer cells, suggesting that GS is not directly involved in the uptake of amino acids into the endosperm. The distribution of GS in the pedicel region is consistent with a possible role of GS in the unloading of am.
An Angular Displacement Sensor Based on Microwave Transversal Signal Interference Principle

A novel rotational angle microwave sensor with a high dynamic range and sensitivity for detecting angular displacement is presented. It exploits the spectral separation between two notch frequencies or transmission zeros that are generated in its transfer function, and whose value varies as a function of the rotation angle to be measured. The sensor is based on a bi-path transversal-signal-interference (TSI) circuit configuration that is implemented on microstrip technology, where a rotor comprised of an open-circuit-ended stub is loaded onto a stator of this transversal circuit with equal-length electrical paths. The mechanical rotation of the rotor changes the contact point of the open-circuit-ended line to the stator, thus effectively modifying one of the overall paths of the stator and, hence, the inter-transmission-zero separation. Design guidelines for the synthesis of the proposed rotation sensor with a specified dynamic range and sensitivity are provided. Furthermore, a proof-of-concept microstrip-substrate-based prototype with an angular rotation range of 180° is developed at 920 MHz and tested to validate this approach experimentally.
Rabbit Farming for Meat Production in Australia: Preliminary Estimates of Economic Values for Production Traits

With the sustained decline in wild rabbits harvested for meat, rabbit farming has generated a lot of interest as a rural industry in Australia. A profit function was used to derive the economic values for various production traits of farmed rabbits. The mean values of the different variables affecting the profit function were taken from literature and from a rabbit farmer survey. The profit function was calculated as a deviation of costs from returns. Profit was considered as a function of several traits and the economic value of each of the traits was estimated as a partial derivative of the profit function. As this new industry develops and mean production values improve, these preliminary estimates of economic values should be reviewed. The most common problems identified by farmers were high feed cost, disease and slow growth rate.
Effects of seed priming with salicylic acid on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) infested by field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.)

This research was undertaken to assess the ameliorative effect of salicylic acid (0.5 mM) on photosystem II (PS II) in two basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) varieties (Iranian and Italian) infested with field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.) in the greenhouse of University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2017. The treatments were arranged as factorial using randomized complete block design with four replications. Results indicated that application of salicylic acid improved the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and performance index (PI) of basil plants infested by field dodder. The time span from F0 to Fm (TFM) and the energy necessary for the closure of all reaction centers (Sm) were significantly increased and the size of the plastoquinone pool (Area) declined in plants exposed to field dodder infestation. Application of salicylic acid increased the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters studied in both basil varieties, especially in the Italian variety.
Рекомендації та настанови Європейської федерації спілок УЗД в медицині та біології в області УЗД шлунково-кишкового тракту EFSUMB Recommendations and Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS)

Залучені заклади 1 National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway 2 Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, “L.Sacco” University Hospital, Milan, Italy 3 Department of Radiology, Hospital Barmherzige Brüder, Salzburg, Austria 4 Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain 5 Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy 6 Department of Radiology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 7 Department of Digestive System, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital and University of Bologna, Italy 8 Department of Internal Medicine 2, Caritas Krankenhaus, Bad Mergentheim, Germany 9 Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Victor Babes", University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Romania 10 Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania 11 Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Rems-Murr-Klinikum Winnenden, Germany 12 Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, and Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway 13 Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy 14 Dept. of Radiology, Radiologia 1, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy 15 Outpatients Department of Gastroenterology, University Teaching Hospital Lueneburg, Germany 16 Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany 17 National Centre of Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
PHENOTYPICAL VARIATION IN BODY AND CELL SIZE OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

1. Dobzhansky's method to determine the number of cells under the surface of the wing membrane of Drosophila melanogaster by counting the number of hairs has been used in the present investigation of the relationship of the organ size to the size of its cells.2. Underfeeding and development at low temperature have been the, factors to produce flies under and above the normal size.3. The functional relation between the time of feeding of larvae and the size of the wings of larvae being the expression of the upper part of the logistic larval growth of the third larval instar can be expressed by a cubic parabola.4. There is a definite tendency for large larvae (i.e., fast-growing ones) to pupate earlier, which finds a certain analogy with Pearl's correlation that "between growth rate and duration of life (in this case, duration of larval life) to the beginning of death the correlation is negative and significant in degree. "5. As far as all three groups of flies (underfed, normal and cold flies) are concerned th.
Fluctuating asymmetry in relation to single housing versus group housing in three inbred mouse strains

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) reflects small, random deviations from symmetry in otherwise bilaterallyÂ symmetrical characters and has been used to detect harmful conditions such as environmental and genomicÂ stress in growing animals and humans. The development of FA may be related to the balance betweenÂ canalization (the ability of the genotype to develop a constant phenotype under changing environments)Â and plasticity (the ability of the genotype to change phenotype dependent on the environment) of the individual. Â Different mouse strains differ in coping strategies in stress situations, and these coping strategiesÂ may be related to this balance. In this study, development of FA was studied in female mice of three differentÂ inbred strains, 129s6/Sv, C57BL/6J, and BALB/c, during a 6 week period. Besides the comparisonÂ of different strains, single housing was compared to group housing conditions. Overall, FA did not differÂ between strains. After six weeks, single-housed mice had higher FA than those that were group housedÂ (P<0.001), which may indicate that single housing causes a higher degree of environmental stress thanÂ group housing does. Â
Association between Let-7 microRNA-Binding-Site Polymorphism in the KRAS 3'UTR and Endometriosis: A Replication Study and Meta-Analysis

Background Endometriosis is inherited as a complex genetic trait, and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs61764370 within the KRAS gene on chromosome subband 12p12.1 has been proposed as a potential candidate gene. By disrupting a binding site for microinterference RNA (miRNA) let-7, the rs61764370 SNP variation site may increase activation of KRAS and favor disease development. Conflicting evidence, however, has emerged on the association between the rs61764370 SNP and endometriosis. Due to the potential implications of this issue for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis, we sought to replicate the sequencing of the KRAS rs61764370 SNP in a population of cases and controls and to perform a meta-analysis encompassing all currently available studies as well as our novel replication. Methods We sought to replicate for the first time the sequencing of KRAS rs61764370 SNP in a highly selected population of 86 cases of women with laparoscopically proven endometriosis and 72 healthy controls, and to perform a meta-analysis encompassing currently available studies and including affected subjects (n = 2,225) and controls (n = 1,923). Results The rs61764370 minor allele was observed in 12 of 86 women with endometriosis (14.0%) and in 15 of 72 controls (20.8%) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.36-1.60, p = 0.48). The meta-analysis failed to identify any significant association (OR = 1.03, 95% CI, 0.89-1.20, p = 0.67, phet = 0.46). Conclusions KRAS variation site rs61764370 is unlikely related to disease development, and other loci with potential implications for diagnosis or treatment for endometriosis should be identified.
BLAS-on-flash: an alternative for training large ML models?

Many ML training tasks admit learning algorithms that can be composed with linear algebra. On large datasets, the working set of these algorithms overflows the memory. For such scenarios, we propose a library that supports BLAS and sparseBLAS subroutines on large matrices resident on inexpensive non-volatile memory. We demonstrate that such libraries can achieve near in-memory performance and be used for fast implementations of complex algorithms such as eigen-solvers. We believe that this approach could be a cost-effective alternative to expensive big-data compute systems.
Community structure in temporary freshwater pools: disentangling the effects of habitat size and hydroregime

Summary 1. Hydroregime (duration, frequency and predictability of the aquatic phase) is a key feature of temporary aquatic habitats that not only moulds community structure and diversity (species sorting) but also life history characteristics of the inhabitants (natural selection). However, since hydroregime is a complex multidimensional entity that cannot be estimated from short term observations, morphometric variables are commonly used as proxies for hydroregime, making it impossible to separate effects of habitat size and hydroregime on biota. 2. We have used a simple hydrological model, validated with recent (average r2 = 96%) and historic water level observations (average r2 = 81%), to accurately reconstruct hydroregime based on historical rainfall and evaporation data in a cluster of 36 temporary rock pools in central South Africa. 3. Using the model output, we demonstrated that both hydroregime and habitat size had unique and shared effects on temporary pool biota and that these effects depended on the dispersal modes of the taxa. Model-generated hydrological data explained more variation in community patterns than short-term observations of hydroperiod. Hydroregime was more important for passive dispersers than for active dispersers that can migrate when pools dry up. Basin morphometry was a relatively poor predictor of pool hydroregime. We concluded that simple modelling may greatly improve the resolution of studies linking hydroregime to biological variables. 4. An accurate account of hydrological variation provides a firm foundation to understand community and population structure and dynamics in temporary aquatic habitats. Since many of these habitats have been destroyed or degraded in recent decades, our findings and tools may contribute to the development of reliable conservation guidelines.