Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and attitudinal factors in the analysis of alternatives to drunk driving.

The present study examined cognitive and attitudinal factors relevant to drunk-driving tendencies in individuals having zero, one and multiple drunk-driving convictions. Results indicate that the awareness of consequences of being in an accident was related to driving record but not to drunk-driving tendencies. In contrast, the awareness of consequences of being arrested for drunk driving (e.g., receiving fines, having one's name appear in the news and having a criminal record) was negatively related to drunk-driving tendencies. Attitudes toward alternatives to drunk driving (e.g., take a taxi, call a friend) were also negatively related to drunk-driving tendencies. The findings are discussed with respect to developing prevention programs.
Zebrafish hox paralogue group 2 genes function redundantly as selector genes to pattern the second pharyngeal arch.

The pharyngeal arches are one of the defining features of the vertebrates, with the first arch forming the mandibles of the jaw and the second forming jaw support structures. The cartilaginous elements of each arch are formed from separate migratory neural crest cell streams, which derive from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. The second and more posterior crest streams are characterized by specific Hox gene expression. The zebrafish has a larger overall number of Hox genes than the tetrapod vertebrates, as the result of a duplication event in its lineage. However, in both zebrafish and mouse, there are just two members of Hox paralogue group 2 (PG2): Hoxa2 and Hoxb2. Here, we show that morpholino-mediated "knock-down" of both zebrafish Hox PG2 genes results in major defects in second pharyngeal arch cartilages, involving replacement of ventral elements with a mirror-image duplication of first arch structures, and accompanying changes to pharyngeal musculature. In the mouse, null mutants of Hoxa2 have revealed that this single Hox gene is required for normal second arch patterning. By contrast, loss-of-function of either zebrafish Hox PG2 gene individually has no phenotypic consequence, showing that these two genes function redundantly to confer proper pattern to the second pharyngeal arch. We have also used hoxb1a mis-expression to induce localized ectopic expression of zebrafish Hox PG2 genes in the first arch; using this strategy, we find that ectopic expression of either Hox PG2 gene can confer second arch identity onto first arch structures, suggesting that the zebrafish Hox PG2 genes act as "selector genes. "
Simple Auctions For Agents With Complements

We study the efficiency of simple auctions in the presence of complements. To this end, we introduce a new hierarchy over monotone set functions that we refer to as Maximum over Positive-Supermodular (MPS). The MPS hierarchy is parameterized by a single integer $d$ that captures the level of complementarity. Any valuation in MPS-$d$ is in MPH-$(d+1)$ [Feige et al. 2015], and the highest level in the hierarchy (MPS-$(m-1)$, where $m$ is the number of items) captures all monotone functions. We show that when all agents have valuations in MPS-$d$, the single-bid auction, introduced by [Devanur et al. 2015], has price of anarchy of at most $O(d^2 \log(m/d))$, with respect to coarse correlated equilibria. An improved bound of $O(d \log m)$ is established for an interesting subclass of MPS-$d$. In addition, we study hybrid mechanisms of simple auctions. These are mechanisms that choose at random one of two simple mechanisms. Hybrid mechanisms preserve the simplicity of the mechanisms in their support. In particular, standard regret minimization algorithms converge to correlated and coarse correlated equilibria in polynomial time. We show that the hybrid mechanism that is composed of the single bid auction and the single-item first price auction for the grand bundle has a price of anarchy of at most $O(\sqrt{m})$ for any profile of agent valuations. This is the best approximation to social welfare that can be achieved by any polytime algorithm.
Hepatotoxic effects elicited by n‐hexane or n‐ heptane

Hepatotoxic effects of n‐hexane and n‐heptane administered i.p. (1 ml/kg body wt) were studied in albino rats after 1, 2, 7 and 45 days of treatment. Hepatic protein content decreased with n‐heptane and total sulphydryl content showed a significant decrease in the rats exposed to either solvent. A significant increase in lipid peroxidation was observed after 24 h and 48 h exposure to n‐hexane or n‐heptane. A marked decrease in drug metabolizing activity and an increase in pentabarbitone sleeping time was also observed. Hepatic glucose‐6‐phosphatase, a microsomal marker enzyme, showed a significant decrease.
First investigation and reduction of inter-WSS crosstalk in multiple-arrayed WSSs for large-scale optical node

We conducted the first ever investigation on the impact of inter-wavelength selective switch (WSS) crosstalk in multiple-arrayed WSSs and confirmed that it is a critical issue for an optical signal transmission. To address this issue, we propose a method to reduce inter-WSS crosstalk, taking optical node application into consideration. We demonstrate that the proposed method enables 11-dB crosstalk reduction and 256-Gb/s PDM-16QAM signal transmission without a OSNR penalty.
Translational Control in Bone Marrow Failure

Abstract : Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome most often resulting from autosomal dominant or de novo transmission of heterozygous mutations in the gene, ELANE, encoding neutrophil elastase. Other causes of SCN include autosomal recessive inheritance of HAX1 mutations. The purpose of this research is to understand how mutations in both ELANE and HAX1 lead to neutropenia, in order to gain further understanding into normal homeostatic regulation of granulopoiesis and how it is disrupted in a variety of bone marrow failure syndromes. Based on identification of a new class of mutations in ELANE that disrupt the translational start site and recent findings that HAX1 may be an RNA-binding protein, we originally hypothesized, and have now shown in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), that ELANE can encode amino-terminally truncated polypeptides initiating from internal translational start sites. In scope, we have proposed a series of experiments to be performed in cell culture systems to identify RNA sequences bound by HAX1, to determine if ELANE mutations influence HAX1 binding to ELANE mRNA and influence use of alternate translational start sites, and to biochemically characterize amino-terminally truncated neutrophil elastase. In the year since our last report, significant progress has been made in using new tools to model granulopoiesis, including generation of patient-derived iPSC and CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology to introduce site specific repair or mutation into the ELANE locus, allowing for more relevant modeling of ELANE and HAX1 interactions in vitro.
OR A PRIORI A LGORITHM

Association rules is a very important part of data mining. It is used to find the interesting patterns from transaction databases. Apriori algorithm is one of the most classical algorithms of association rules, but it has the bottleneck in efficiency. In this article, we proposed a prefixed-itemset-based data structure for candidate itemset generation, with the help of the structure we managed to improve the efficiency of the classical Apriori algorithm.
On Some Diophantine Equations of the Form hX+Y= Z

We show the impossibility of primitive non-zero solutions to the title equation if h = 3 and n ∈ {3, 4, 5, 6} and if h ∈ {11, 19, 43, 67, 163} and n ∈ {4, 5, }. The proofs are based solely on elementary methods with no use of computers and the elliptic curve machinery. Mathematics Subject Classification: 11D41
Enhanced Glucose Metabolism and Respiratory Burst in Peritoneal Macrophages From Spontaneously Diabetic BB Rats

Glucose metabolism and respiratory burst were studied in vitro in resident peritoneal macrophages from non-diabetes-prone BB, spontaneously diabetic BB, diabetes-prone BB, and STZ-induced diabetic BBn rats, in the presence or absence of phorbol myristate acetate plus ionomycin. Glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway activity were increased in BBd compared with BBn cells. PMA plus IONO did not influence glycolysis in BBn macrophages and slightly decreased it in BBd macrophages. In contrast, PMA plus IONO increased the pentose phosphate pathway activity in BBn and BBd macrophages with a much greater increase in BBd cells. The release of O2− was greater in BBd than BBn cells; PMA plus IONO also induced a much greater release of O2− in BBd cells. H2O2 release was undetectable in unstimulated BBn cells, and stimulation by PMA plus IONO caused a small incremental release. In contrast, the release of H2O2 was measurable in unstimulated cells and further increased by 50% in BBd cells with PMA-plus-IONO stimulation. The release of O2− and H2O2 was increased in macrophages from 75-day-old BBdp rats but not in 50-day-old BBdp rats, compared with age-matched BBn rats. No differences were observed in either glucose metabolism or release of O2− and H2O2 between BBn and STZ-BBn cells in the absence or presence of PMA plus IONO. These data suggest that enhanced oxidative metabolism in BBd macrophages is unlikely to be attributable to diabetes per se. Furthermore, the results are consistent with prior in vivo immunological activation of BBd macrophages. Increased production of 02− and H2O2 from activated macrophages may be involved in the autoimmune destruction of β-cells that causes the diabetic syndrome.
The effect of cyclopiazonic acid on the development of pale, soft, and exudative pork from pigs of defined malignant hyperthermia genotype.

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) and the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) are each associated with abnormal calcium homeostasis in skeletal muscle, a key underlying factor in the development of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork. To determine whether the natural presence of CPA in livestock feed ingredients contributes to the varying incidence of PSE in the pork industry, various levels of CPA (.1 to 50 mg/kg of diet) were included in the diets of market weight hogs (n = 52) of defined malignant hyperthermia genotype (NN = normal, Nn = a MH carrier, and nn = MH-positive). Animals with two copies of the MH mutation (nn) displayed improved live animal performance compared with NN and Nn animals (increased feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency) but yielded lower quality loin chops as indicated by lower 45-min pH (P<.01), higher Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L* color coordinate values (P<.05), and higher drip losses (P<.01). The effects of CPA varied. In the first feeding trial, conducted under normal outside temperatures (2 degrees C), CPA had no effect (P> .2) on either live animal performance or meat quality. During the second trial, conducted under extreme outside temperatures (-18 degrees C), CPA-dependent reductions (P<.05) in feed intake, average daily gain, and 45-min pH in nn hogs support the possibility of interactions between malignant hyperthermia and dietary CPA on skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis and the development of PSE pork. These results suggest that this interaction may require stressful environmental conditions or the ingestion of CPA doses much higher than occur under natural conditions.
Elderly Deaths Due to Ground-Level Falls

This study analyzed 237 fatal ground-level falls occurring in decedents aged 65 years or older reported to the Seattle-King County Medical Examiner's Office during the year 2007. Head injuries accounted for 109 (46%) of the deaths, and nonhead injuries accounted for 128 (54%) of the deaths. Falls occurred in similar locations in both groups. Compared with those of nonhead injuries, decedents of head injuries were younger (82 vs 87.5 years), were more often male (58% vs 45%), died sooner after their injury (9 days vs 23 days), and were more likely treated with anticoagulants, especially warfarin (48% vs 16%). Subdural hematoma was the most common specific traumatic lesion, occurring in 86% of the decedents of head injury; skull fractures occurred in 13%. Decedents of head injury who were treated with anticoagulants, on average, sustained less severe head injury than those who were not treated with anticoagulants.
Characterization of disease‐associated N‐linked glycoproteins

N‐linked glycoproteins play important roles in biological processes, including cell‐to‐cell recognition, growth, differentiation, and programmed cell death. Specific N‐linked glycoprotein changes are associated with disease progression and identification of these N‐linked glycoproteins has potential for use in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatments. In this review, we summarize common strategies for N‐linked glycoprotein characterization and applications of these strategies to identification of glycoprotein changes associated with disease states. We also review the N‐linked glycoproteins altered in diseases such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. Although assays for these glycoproteins have potential clinical utility, research is needed to translate these glycoproteins to clinical biomarkers.
Socioemotional selectivity in older adults: Evidence from the subjective experience of angry memories

Few studies have compared the phenomenological properties of younger and older adults' memories for emotional events. Some studies suggest that younger adults remember negative information more vividly than positive information whereas other studies suggest that positive emotion yields phenomenologically richer memories than negative emotion for both younger and older adults. One problem with previous studies is a tendency to treat emotion as a dichotomous variable. In contrast, emotional richness demands inclusion of assessments beyond just a positive and negative dimension (e.g., assessing specific emotions like anger, fear and happiness). The present study investigated different properties of autobiographical remembering as a function of discrete emotions and age. Thirty-two younger and thirty-one older adults participated by recalling recent and remote memories associated with six emotional categories and completed the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire for each. Results demonstrated that older adults' angry memories received lower ratings on some phenomenological properties than other emotional memories whereas younger adults' angry memories did not show this same pattern. These results are discussed within the context of socioemotional selectivity theory.
UV - Visible Spectrophotometric Quantification of Total Polyphenol in Selected Fruits

Fruits are known as a richest source of bioactive compounds as polyphenols which are known to have significant health promoting properties. The present study investigates the total polyphenol content of some selected fruits extracted in: acidified 70 % ethanol, acidified 70 % methanol, acidified 70 % acetone, and 100 % water solvents. Standard gallic acid solution prepared in the range of 50-500 µg/L was used to plot a calibration graph. A good linearcalibration graph (r= 0.998, n=3) was obtained by plotting absorbance at 511 nm versus standard solution and all results are given as gallic acid equivalent (GAE, mg/g, dry weight). The concentration of total polyphenols varies with the solvent used and also among different samples. Higher concentration was detected in papaya fruit both in the peel and pulp (238.6±3.64, 135.2±0.09; GAE, mg/g, dry weight) respectively and lower concentration in banana peel and pulp (43.2± 0.13, 26.6±0.06; GAE, mg/g, dry weight) respectively.
Optos Optomap Panoramic 200MA™ Imaging of a Serous Choroidal Detachment Responsive to Furosemide

Purpose: To describe a case of a serous choroidal detachment which resulted after discontinuation of furosemide and illustrate the utility of ultrawide-angle fundus imaging in documenting this lesion in the retinal periphery. Design: Observational case report. Method: An 85 year old female presented with symptoms of a “brown curtain” descending over the left eye which was temporally related to recent discontinuation of oral furosemide. Ultrawide-field photography allowed for accurate documentaton of the choroidal detachments. Result: After resuming furosemide, the serous choroidal detachments resolved. Conclusion: We hypothesize a shift of free water following discontinuation of furosemide as a novel etiology for the development of serous chordoidal detachments. Ultrawide-field fundus photography was useful to document this lesion.
Direct welding of glass and metal by 1  kHz femtosecond laser pulses.

In the welding process between similar or dissimilar materials, inserting an intermediate layer and pressure assistance are usually thought to be necessary. In this paper, the direct welding between alumina-silicate glass and metal (aluminum, copper, and steel), under exposure from 1 kHz femtosecond laser pulses without any auxiliary processes, is demonstrated. The micron/nanometer-sized metal particles induced by laser ablation were considered to act as the adhesive in the welding process. The welding parameters were optimized by varying the pulse energy and the translation velocity of the sample. The shear joining strength characterized by a shear force testing equipment was as high as 2.34 MPa. This direct bonding technology has potential for applications in medical devices, sensors, and photovoltaic devices.
Clinical utility of the new fluoroquinolones for treating respiratory and urinary tract infections

Increasing antimicrobial resistance among most common urinary and respiratory tract pathogens has been the catalyst for the development of fluoroquinolones that are effective against these prevalent resistant organisms. Important attributes of the newly developed fluoroquinolones include once-daily dosing, maintained extensive tissue penetration and high oral bioavailability added to targeted antibacterial activities, all pharmacodynamic characteristics that may reduce the need for parenteral therapy or prevent patients being hospitalised. Some fluoroquinolones also offer same-dose bioequivalency between iv. and oral formulations, a feature that allows iv. -to-oral dosing (step-down or ‘switch’ therapy) without the need for dosage adjustments. These features suggest that the newer fluoroquinolones may be near-ideal agents for the empirical treatment of many common infections. This review discusses the efficacy and clinically relevant antimicrobial and pharmacokinetic qualities of the fluoroquinolones in comparison with other agents traditionally used to treat patients with urinary and respiratory tract infections.
Money matters: a meta-analytic review of the effects of financial incentives on recovery after closed-head injury.

OBJECTIVE The authors evaluated the impact of financial incentives on disability, symptoms, and objective findings after closed-head injury. METHOD Meta-analysis was used to review the literature. Seventeen reports, covering 18 study groups and a total of 2,353 subjects, contained data from which effect sizes could be calculated. Effect sizes were aggregated after weighting for group size. After discussion, there was 100% agreement between the authors on all calculations. RESULTS A moderate overall effect size, 0.47, was found. The effect was particularly strong for mild head trauma. The data showed more abnormality and disability in patients with financial incentives despite less severe injuries. CONCLUSIONS Clinical evaluation of patients after closed-head injury, particularly mild head trauma, must include consideration of the effect of financial incentives on symptoms and disability.
Re-assessing the global prevalence and distribution of lymphatic filariasis

SUMMARY This paper estimates the global burden of lymphatic filariasis based on a review of the published literature on infection and disease surveys. A method for aggregating and projecting prevalence data from individual studies to national, regional and global levels, which also facilitates the estimation of gender and age-specific burdens, is presented. The method weights in favour of the larger, and hence presumbably more reliable, studies and relies on estimated empirical relationships between gender, age, infection and disease in order to correct studies with incomplete data. The results presented here suggest that although the overall prevalence of filariasis cases is 2·0% globally (approximately totalling 119 million cases), the disease continues to be of considerable local importance, particularly in India and Sub-Saharan Africa. Estimates by age and gender clearly show that, unlike other helminth infections, filariasis is mainly a disease of the adult and older age-classes and appears to be more prevalent in males. This work suggests that the derivation of more accurate estimates of the burden of filariasis will require a better understanding of both the epidemiology and the spatial aspects of infection and disease. It also suggests that filariasis is preventable based on a geographically targeted strategy for control.
Predictors of Mental Health Care Utilization in Veterans With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Hazardous Drinking.

OBJECTIVES Describe outpatient mental health service use in a sample of recent combat Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and hazardous alcohol use and investigate predictors of mental health care utilization. METHODS In this prospective study, 126 Veterans with full or subthreshold PTSD and hazardous alcohol use completed a baseline assessment and reported mental health service use through a 12-month follow-up period. Logistic regressions were used to identify factors predicting mental health care utilization. RESULTS Veterans who were employed were 63% less likely to use outpatient mental health care in the 12 months following baseline. Additionally, for each 1-point increase in negative mental health care beliefs, participants were 70% less likely to use outpatient mental health care. For each 1-point worsening in social support and leisure functioning, participants were 2.2 times more likely to use outpatient mental health care. CONCLUSIONS The current study indicates that negative mental health beliefs are barriers to mental health care while unemployment and poor social support/leisure functioning are predictors of mental health care utilization for recent combat Veterans with PTSD symptoms and hazardous alcohol use. Patient and system level interventions for these factors are discussed to guide efforts to improve mental health care among this high-need population.