Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perspectives in Diabetes Moving GLUT 4 The Biogenesis and Trafficking of GLUT 4 Storage Vesicles

The GLUT4 system in muscle and fat cells plays an important role in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Insulin stimulates the translocation of GLUT4 from an intracellular storage compartment to the cell surface. The nature of this compartment remains largely unknown. We review recent studies describing the biogenesis and molecular constituents of the GLUT4 storage compartment and conclude that it is segregated from the endosomal and biosynthetic pathways. Further, we present evidence to suggest that the GLUT4 storage compartment moves directly to the plasma membrane in response to insulin and, hence, is analogous to small synaptic vesicles in neurons. We propose that the GLUT4 storage compartment be referred to as GLUT4 storage vesicles or GSVs. Diabetes 46:1667-1677, 1997
Silver Nanowires Synthesis by Pulsed Electrodeposition

One-dimensional nanostructures have attracted extensive attention because of their unique physical and chemical properties [1] and the potential applications in nanoscale devices [2]. Controllable growth of nanostructures is of great importance for the application of nanostructures [3], [4]. The template method has proved to be a simple and versatile approach for preparing ordered nanowire or nanotube arrays since the pioneering work of Martin’s group [5-7]. Possible templates include nuclear track-etched polycarbonate membranes, nanochannel glasses and self-ordered anodic aluminum oxide templates. It has been found the porous anodic alumina (PAA) template is an ideal template because it posses many desirable characteristics, including tunable pore dimensions over a wide range of diameters and lengths, good mechanical strength and thermal stability. Electrodeposition, on the other hand, is one of the most widely used methods to fill the nanoporous template with conducting and semiconducting materials, forming continuous nanowires. Among all the metals, silver is particularly important as it possesses the highest electrical conductivity and promising potential applications in many fields, such as catalysts and electronic nanodevices [8–11]. This pattern of electrodeposition is a promising technique for fabricating nanostructures in a ‘bottom-up’ fashion [12]. ANALELE UNIVERSIT ĂŢII
Knowledge and Confidence in Győr Automotive Industrial District

The automotive industry is characterised by high spatial concentration, which is favourable for research and development activities as well as innovation process. Successful working of these knowledge-based processes needs spatial proximity and a high degree of trust and networks; industrial districts can provide a suitable environment for spatial organisation of the automotive industry. The study aims to analyse the role and working mechanism of knowledge and trust in automotive industrial districts. A theoretical overview of industrial districts, knowledge and trust is followed by the analysis of these issues in Győr Automotive Industrial District.
Self Tuning Filter and Fuzzy logic Control of Shunt Active Power Filter for Eliminates the Current Harmonics Constraints under Unbalanced Source Voltages and Loads Conditions

Shunt active power filters (SAPFs) are modern filtering technologies for source current harmonic elimination and source reactive power compensation of nonlinear loads. In the case of normally balanced source voltages, the SAPFs are controlled to eliminate a wide range of source current harmonics and compensate the source reactive power generated by non-linear loads to provide source current functions with maximum power factor. However, if source voltages are unbalanced and/or distorted, these control objectives cannot be achieved, which impacts the SAPFs performances. In the present paper, we propose a new modification to extend the stable dynamic range and to enhance the transient response of a classical phase locked loop (CPLL). An enhanced phase locked loop (EPLL) based on a self tuning filter (STF) and fuzzy logic control (FLC) associated with SRF theory are used in four leg shunt active power filter control under unbalanced source voltages and nonlinear loads. The aim is to enable the SAPFs to reach a higher compensation level of reactive power and current harmonics for all cases of source voltages and nonlinear loads for the limits specified in IEEE Std. 519. The success, robustness, and effectiveness of proposed control circuits are demonstrated through simulation, using Sim Power Systems and S-Function of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Evaluation of Stratigraphy at the South Pole - Aitken Basin: From Local to Regional

Introduction: The South Pole – Aitken Basin (SPA) is one of the largest and oldest impact basins on the Moon [1]. The current stratigraphy across SPA has arisen from the following general events and processes [2]: (1) formation of the crust and mantle (including crystallization of a magma ocean, overturn, the Mgsuite, etc.), (2) the SPA-forming impact (including excavation of crust/mantle and formation of large volumes of impact breccia and melt which may have pooled and differentiated), (3) continuous smaller impacts which have exposed and redistributed materials, (4) emplacement of mare basalts, and (5) continuous soil formation and alteration. Here, we investigate rock types across SPA in order to address science topics such as the pre-impact stratigraphy of the crust and mantle and the nature of the SPA-forming impact. Since SPA is a vast, complex region, several subregions within SPA are being analyzed in detail to establish local stratigraphies. By comparing these subregions in spatial context, the larger regional stratigraphy can be addressed. A map showing the initial subregions discussed here is given in Fig. 1. Methods: For this study, compositional information is extracted from Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M) spectra using spectral parameters that capture properties of both the 1 and 2 um absorption bands [3]. These include (1) estimated band centers (EBC1,2), which shift to longer wavelengths with increasing Fe/Ca/CPX content of the pyroxene component, (2) estimated band depths (EBD1,2), which are related to mafic abundance, but decrease with optical maturity, and (3) normalized continuum slopes (NCS1,2), which are sensitive to several properties including composition and optical maturity. Spectral parameter images were derived from mosaics of M data for each subregion. In order to evaluate the local mineralogy, we isolated the most “pristine” mafic and feldspathic exposures by identifying pixels with EBD1 values >0.15 and <0.05. We thus avoid materials that have undergone extensive mixing or space weathering. None of the subregions were found to exhibit feldspathic exposures. The mafic areas identified by EBD are evaluated for pyroxene composition using EBC. Several distinct compositional units in each subregion are classified based on (1) geologic context (crater wall, central peak, etc.), and (2) band center (pyroxene composition). Each exposure typically includes 10s to 100s of mafic pixels. Mean spectra for each unit are calculated from all pixels comprising the unit. Fig. 1: LOLA topography for SPA (bright represents high elevations; dark represents low). Center locations of each subregion are shown by color symbols.
Assessment of Intraoperative Mesenteric Portovenography in Congenital Portosystemic Shunt Surgery

The aim of this study was to assess the hepatic portal vasculature visible on an intraoperative mesenteric portovenogram. The portovenograms of 100 animals were independently assessed by two experienced observers. Two scoring systems were developed, a subjective visual analogue scale and a novel objective scoring system. These two systems were assessed for repeatability, reproducibility and interchangeability. The portovenograms studied consisted of an initial portovenogram, prior to manipulation of the portosystemic shunt, and a second portovenogram following temporary full occlusion of the shunting vessel. The hepatic portal vasculature was compared between the pre-occlusion and post-occlusion portovenograms. These findings were used to investigate the relationship between portal atresia / hypoplasia and the pre-occlusion portovenograms. The surgical records of the 100 animals were examined and the portovenograms of those animals which underwent only partial ligation of their portosystemic shunt were compared with those which tolerated full ligation. There was no statistical difference between the two observers when scoring the same portovenogram for either the visual analogue scale (P = 0.730, reproducibility coefficient = 17.85 units) or the objective scoring system (scores identical, reproducibility coefficient = 0). There was no statistical difference, for either of the observers, when the same portovenogram was assessed on two separate occasions using the visual analogue scale (observer 1, P = Ô.35, repeatability coefficient = 17.93 units; observer 2, P = 0.42, repeatability coefficient = 8.27 units) or the objective scoring system (scores given by both observers were identical, repeatability coefficient = 0 for both observers). The results of comparison between the visual analogue scale and objective scoring system confirmed that the two scoring systems were not directly interchangeable. Although both scoring systems demonstrated good reproducibility and repeatability, the objective scoring system possessed a number of inherent deficiencies that suggested it was not the method of choice for the assessment of the subjective data obtained from intraoperative mesenteric portovenography. The pre-occlusion scores were significantly different to the post-occlusion scores using both scoring systems (P<0.01 for both). Animals with apparent portal atresia / hypoplasia on pre-occlusion portovenography were found to have a wide range of scores on post-occlusion portovenograms, as high as 98 units using the visual analogue scale and 13 on the objective scoring system. The full ligation group had significantly higher portovenogram scores than the partial ligation group both preand post-occlusion, using either scoring system (P<0.01 for all tests).
EFFECT OF ZEOLUX USE ON SAGE ( SALVIA OFFICINALIS ) PLANT IRRIGATED BY FRESH

The effect of Zeolux use as soil amendment on the yield and some of the agronomic traits of a home garden plant, Sage (Salvia officinalis), irrigated by either fresh or RO reject waters was studied. Clay and different combinations of clay-Jordanian zeolux were compared for that purpose. Each combination was divided into two subgroups at randomized experiment and irrigated with either fresh or RO reject waters. The combination of 75% clay and 25% zeolux irrigated with fresh water produced the best results in terms of plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, dry weight and root dry weight of sage plant. The results indicate that the use of RO reject water causes significant reduction in all the studied parameters above. The use of zeolux did not reduce the harmful effects of the saline water used for irrigation on the yield of sage.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF MALAY SOCIETY IN PRE-COLONIAL AND COLONIAL TIMES : THE IMPACT OF ISLAM ON MALAY EDUCATION

This article discusses Islam as the fundamental means in the transformation of Malay society during the pre-colonial and colonial periods. Historical analysis is employed to analyse the historical circumstances which influenced the continuity and changes taking place in Islamic education. The transformation of Malay society was shaped by Islam as a way of life. The main factors contributing to the process of transformation are literacy and education. According to history, the impact of knowledge and progressive values are only noticeable among the Malays after Islam had become the dominant religion in the Malay Archipelago in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. Though Islam had flourished as a religion, Islamic education did not reach the scale at which it could be labelled mass education until the late 19th century. This is due to the improvements made in Islamic institutions of learning as a result of the influence of modernity associated with a Western orientation. In this respect, it can be argued that a Western orientation helped to transform Islamic education into mass education, where literacy is concerned.
9. SITE 1081

Principal results: Three holes were cored with the advanced hydraulic pist corer/extended core barrel (APC/XCB) at Site 1081 to a maximum de of 452.7 meters below seafloor (mbsf), which recovered an appare continuous hemipelagic sedimentary section spanning the Holocen upper Miocene (0–9 Ma). Hole 1081A was cored with the APC to 13 mbsf and extended with the XCB to a depth of 452.7 mbsf. At Ho 1081B, 21 cores were taken with the APC to 187.6 mbsf. Hole 1081C cored with the APC to 155.2 mbsf. Detailed comparisons between magnetic susceptibility and the gamma-ray attenuation porosity evalua (GRAPE) density records generated on the multisensor track (MST) d onstrated complete recovery of the sedimentary sequence down to meters composite depth (mcd). Sediments from Site 1081 consist of two lithostratigraphic units. U I is composed of olive-gray to black clays that contain varying amounts diatoms, nannofossils, foraminifers, and radiolarians. Three subunits defined based on the various abundances and types of microfossils i sediments: nannofossiland foraminifer-rich clay (0–77 mbsf), diato rich clay (77–230 mbsf), and nannofossil-rich clay (230–390 mbs Lithostratigraphic Unit II (390–452 mbsf) is composed of olive-gra clayey nannofossil ooze. The detrital component of the sediments is with rare silt-sized, angular and subangular, monoand polycrystall quartz grains, feldspar, and mica. Muscovite and biotite are also prese trace amounts. The biogenic component is represented by varying a dances of foraminifers, nannofossils, and diatoms. Varying amounts particulate organic matter were observed. Authigenic minerals, such glauconite, rare framboidal pyrite, and dolomite, were observed. Se mentation rates are fairly constant within the upper Miocene and low
A Review on Optical Character Recognition Using Various Techniques

Computer vision, artificial intelligence and pattern recognition are vital areas of research in the field of electronics and image processing. Optical character recognition (OCR) is one of the main aspects of computer vision and has evolved to a great extent since its commencement. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has gained so much significance among the researchers now a day as it is a prominent sector for a Human Computer Interaction (HCI) System. OCR is a process in which readable characters are recognized from optical data obtained digitally. In character recognition techniques symbolic identity relate with image of character. In a very first stage of typical OCR systems, optical scanner digitized the input image. After that location and segmentation is performed on each character, and the ensuing character image which contains some noise is put into a pre-processor for noise reduction and normalization. For classify characters in classification stage certain features are extracted from the character. After classification, the recognized characters are grouped to renovate the original symbol strings, and context may then be applied to detect and correct errors. Using different approaches various methodologies and algorithms have been developed for this reason. In this paper various techniques have been reviewed.
1 Why Ocean Iron Fertilization ?

The Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that “It is extremely likely that human activities have exerted a substantial net warming influence on climate since 1750” [Solomon et al., 2007], and that this “is having a discernible effect on physical and biological systems at the global scale” [Rosenzweig et al., 2007]. Starting with the Kyoto Protocol, efforts to mitigate these effects have focused on reducing carbon emissions. Recent international discussions focused on long term targets of about 60-80% reduction in emissions by the year 2050 with the goal of holding the total warming to 2°C above pre-industrial temperatures to “limit the impacts of climate change and the likelihood of massive irreversible disruptions of the global ecosystem” [CEC, 2007]. However, analyses of the proposed emission reduction frameworks suggest that these targets will be insufficient: e.g., “If a 2.0°C warming is to be avoided [by 2100], direct CO2 capture from the air, together with subsequent sequestration, would eventually have to be introduced in addition to sustained 90% global carbon emissions reductions by 2050”[Weaver et al., 2007]. Furthermore, new observations show that the climate change impacts are already greater than expected and happening more rapidly than predicted [Tin, 2008]. These changes and the potential for abrupt changes due to climate feedbacks suggest that it will be necessary to remove atmospheric CO2 as well as reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in order to avoid even more serious impacts.
EasyChair Preprint No 1365 A Parallel Multi-Keyword Top-k Search Scheme over Encrypted Cloud Data

With searchable encryptions in the cloud computing, users can outsource their sensitive data in ciphertext to the cloud that provides efficient and privacy-preserving multi-keyword top-k searches. However, most existing top-k search schemes over encrypted cloud data are the centralize schemes which are limited in large scale data environment. To support scalable searches, we propose a parallel multi-keyword top-k search scheme over encrypted cloud data. In this scheme, the fragmentbased encrypted inverted index is designed, which is indistinguishable and can be used for parallel searching. On the basis of such indexes, a Map-Reduce-based distributed computing framework is adopted to implement the parallel multi-keyword top-k search algorithms. Security analysis and experiment evaluation show that the proposed scheme is privacy-preserving, efficient and scalable.
Digital WPI Major Qualifying Projects ( All Years ) Major Qualifying Projects April 2019 Kinetics of Ethanol Dehydration

Last year, Andersen Derosier and Jeremy Filteau did research on ethylene production from ethanol dehydration using ZSM-5. They noticed a trend in water loading with their experimentation and came to a conclusion that water inhibited ZSM-5 active sites. This experiment studied the kinetics of ethanol dehydration at lower conversion to determine whether their hypothesis was true and to see any other factors that may have caused that trend. The results from this experiment show that their hypothesis was true, and the reaction was limited due to diffusion limitations from the catalyst.
Conflict and Agricultural Portfolios : Evidence from Northern Uganda

Conflict and insecurity are disproportionately concentrated in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region which relies extensively on agriculture. While the literature discusses the impact of insecurity on agricultural decisions, this has been directly been empirically tested only once. This study builds on the previous literature by examining the impact of conflict risk on livestock and crop portfolios. Uniquely, the study uses a sample of over 690,000 households, approximately 75% of all rural households in Northern Uganda. I find strong changes in the composition and size of the livestock portfolio and in the choice of crops. These changes are not due to shifting sources of income; households remain just as reliant on agriculture. The analysis suggests that shifts in the composition and levels of assets are one of the primarily paths by which insecurity and, more broadly, conflict affect agriculture and lower welfare. JEL codes: Welfare and Poverty (I3), Economic Development (O10); Agriculture (O13); Conflict (D74), Risk (D81)
The Human Dimensions of Resilience : A Theory of Contemplative Practices and Resilience

Why do some people crumble under adversity while others bounce back stronger than ever? Challenging situations—from small disappointments to terrible traumas—are a part of daily life, and disruptions such as extreme weather events, conflict and economic dislocation are increasing in frequency. Humans are capable of adapting to a wide variety of difficult physical and psychological circumstances, although in any particular situation, those with resilience will have a greater ability than others to recover and even flourish. In this paper we define the concept of resilience and build a rationale for how contemplative practices (such as meditation and yoga) represent an effective means of developing qualities that contribute to resilience. We argue that contemplative practices promote resilience via positive impacts on specific psychobehavioral domains, brain activity, stress response, gene regulation and post-traumatic growth, and we review the evidence supporting these mechanisms. We conclude by exploring how improved individual resilience can strengthen the resilience of larger social networks, and we outline key considerations for future research studying the impact of contemplative practices on resilience. Acknowledgments This paper was greatly improved by careful reading and thoughtful comments from Robyn Brentano, Andrea Burdett, Denise Clegg, Steven P. Cole, Adi Flesher, Wendy Hasenkamp, Jennifer Hayden, Adam Meier, Todd Roderick, Diana Rose, Erika Rosenberg, Sharon Salzberg, Steven Starr, and Andrew Zolli. We wish to express our deep gratitude to these individuals for their contributions, which have greatly improved the paper. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the authors. The Garrison Institute gratefully acknowledges the JPB Foundation, whose generous support made this research project possible. This paper is a publication of The Garrison Institute, Inc. All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this paper or portions of it in any form whatsoever. For information about this paper and to inquire about obtaining reprints or permissions, please contact The Garrison Institute at 845.424. 4800 or cbrt@garrisoninstitute.org © 2014 The Garrison Institute, Inc.
AChE as a model synaptic component and cargo in the secretory pathway

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is expressed as several homomeric and heterooligomeric forms in a wide variety of tissues such as neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems and their targets including skeletal muscle, endocrine and exocrine glands. In addition, glycolipid-anchored forms are expressed in erythropoietic and lymphopoietic cells. While transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation is important for determining which AChE oligomeric forms are expressed in a given tissue, translational and post-translational regulatory mechanisms at the level of protein folding, assembly and sorting play equally important roles in assuring that the AChE molecules reach their intended sites on the cell surface in the appropriate numbers. This brief review will focus on the latter events in the cell with the goal of providing novel therapeutic interventional strategies for the treatment of organophosphate and carbamate pesticide and nerve agent exposure.