Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Root vacuolar sequestration and suberization are prominent responses of Pistacia spp. rootstocks during salinity stress

Abstract Understanding the mechanisms of stress tolerance in diverse species is needed to enhance crop performance under conditions such as high salinity. Plant roots, in particular in grafted agricultural crops, can function as a boundary against external stresses in order to maintain plant fitness. However, limited information exists for salinity stress responses of woody species and their rootstocks. Pistachio (Pistacia spp.) is a tree nut crop with relatively high salinity tolerance as well as high genetic heterogeneity. In this study, we used a microscopy‐based approach to investigate the cellular and structural responses to salinity stress in the roots of two pistachio rootstocks, Pistacia integerrima (PGI) and a hybrid, P. atlantica x P. integerrima (UCB1). We analyzed root sections via fluorescence microscopy across a developmental gradient, defined by xylem development, for sodium localization and for cellular barrier differentiation via suberin deposition. Our cumulative data suggest that the salinity response in pistachio rootstock species is associated with both vacuolar sodium ion (Na+) sequestration in the root cortex and increased suberin deposition at apoplastic barriers. Furthermore, both vacuolar sequestration and suberin deposition correlate with the root developmental gradient. We observed a higher rate of Na+ vacuolar sequestration and reduced salt‐induced leaf damage in UCB1 when compared to P. integerrima. In addition, UCB1 displayed higher basal levels of suberization, in both the exodermis and endodermis, compared to P. integerrima. This difference was enhanced after salinity stress. These cellular characteristics are phenotypes that can be taken into account during screening for sodium‐mediated salinity tolerance in woody plant species.
Estratégias de Revascularização em Doentes com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio em Choque Cardiogênico – Resultados do Registo Português de Síndromes Coronárias Agudas

Resumo Fundamento: Em doentes com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), choque cardiogênico (CC) e doença multivaso (DMV) persistem dúvidas sobre a intervenção nas artérias não responsáveis. Objetivos: 1) caracterizar a amostra de doentes com IAM, CC e DMV incluídos no Registo Nacional Português de Síndromes Coronárias Agudas (RNSCA); 2) comparar os eventos associados a diferentes estratégias de revascularização; e 3) identificar preditores de mortalidade intra-hospitalar nesta amostra. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospetivo de doentes com IAM, CC e DMV incluídos no RNSCA entre 2010 e 2018. Compararam-se duas estratégias de revascularização: completa durante o procedimento índice (grupo 1); e completa diferida ou incompleta durante o internamento (grupo 2-3). O endpoint primário foi a ocorrência de reinfarto ou morte intra-hospitalar. A significância estatística foi definida por um valor p < 0,05. Resultados: Identificaram-se 127 doentes com IAM, CC e DMV (18,1% no grupo 1 e 81,9% no grupo 2-3), com idade média de 70 ± 12 anos e 92,9% com IAM com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. O endpoint primário ocorreu em 47,8% dos doentes do grupo 1 e em 37,5% do grupo 2-3 (p = 0,359). As taxas de mortalidade intra-hospitalar, reinfarto, acidente vascular cerebral e hemorragia major foram também semelhantes nos dois grupos. Os preditores de mortalidade intra-hospitalar nesta amostra foram a presença na admissão de disfunção ventricular esquerda (OR 16,8), bloqueio completo de ramo direito (OR 7,6) e anemia (OR 5,2), (p ≤ 0,02). Conclusões: Entre os doentes com IAM, CC e DMV, incluídos no RNSCA, não se verificou diferença significativa entre revascularização completa no evento índex e completa diferida ou incompleta durante o internamento, relativamente à ocorrência de morte intra-hospitalar ou reinfarto. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(5):867-876)
A Head Formulation for the Steady-State Analysis of Water Distribution Systems Using an Explicit and Exact Expression of the Colebrook–White Equation

Steady-state demand-driven water distribution system (WDS) solution is the bedrock for much research conducted in the field related to WDSs. WDSs are modeled using the Darcy–Weisbach equation with the Swamee–Jain equation. However, the Swamee–Jain equation approximates the Colebrook–White equation, errors of which are within 1% for ϵ/D∈[10−6,10−2] and Re∈[5000,108]. A formulation is presented for the solution of WDSs using the Colebrook–White equation. The correctness and efficacy of the head formulation have been demonstrated by applying it to six WDSs with the number of pipes ranges from 454 to 157,044 and the number of nodes ranges from 443 to 150,630. The addition of a physically and fundamentally more accurate WDS solution method can improve the quality of the results achieved in both academic research and industrial application, such as contamination source identification, water hammer analysis, WDS network calibration, sensor placement, and least-cost design and operation of WDSs.
Urban water bodies as the basis for functioning of public spaces

Recently, housing construction in cities has been carried out at a high rate. Increasingly, urban abandoned and flooded depressive spaces near water bodies (often rivers), which were previously used as industrial facilities or temporarily used, are becoming the sphere of architectural and landscape transformations. The restoration of such territories helps to improve the quality of urban space and improve its ecological properties. Correct development of territories near rivers and various water bodies has a great health-improving effect on the urban environment, improves its natural and climatic conditions. In addition, social and economic factors play an important role in this process, since such transformed territories and territories adjacent to them significantly increase investment attractiveness. This paper examines modern approaches to the development of urban public spaces, based on the formation of architectural environments that ensure the relationship of urban development with water bodies and adjacent territories. The paper notes that water bodies are not only an important component of the natural-ecological framework, but are also the basis for the framework of urban-planning natural-technogenic systems as a whole. And the creation of a continuous urban fabric is impossible without the organization of a ‘water’ line of development, provision of compositional, functional and communication interconnection of open urban and water spaces, which is actively being introduced today in architectural and urban planning practice. The paper examines the role of water bodies in the ecological system of the city, as well as in its structure as a whole. The aim of the study is to identify the features of the formation of a public urban space, to determine the patterns of its development, to identify criteria that reflect the nature, scale and features of the impact of urbanization on a water body. Some principles of revitalization of coastal areas, as well as the creation of a system of publicly accessible, compositionally expressive spaces are considered. The principles of space transformation aimed at the formation of a holistic image of the city, as well as the impact of such a spatial arrangement of urban and water bodies on the safety and quality of the urban environment are considered.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Gastric Cancer in Iranian Patients Referred to Imam Reza Hospital During 2008 to 2017

Background and Aim: There are a limited number of studies regarding the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer. Here, the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer including tumor type and size, degree of differentiation, tumor operability, and immunohistochemically results of E-cadherin and P53 expression was investigated in Iranian patients. Methods: This retrospective study was performed on patients who were admitted at Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran-Iran from 2008 to 2017 with a diagnosis of gastric cancer. Required information including age, sex, type of cancer, pathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results and treatment were extracted from the hospital archive. Results: Out of 264 enrolled patients (with the mean age of 70.03±14.01 years), 180 cases were men. The frequency of intestinal-type, Diffuse-type, lymphoma and GIST tumor were 54.5%, 27.7%, 12.25% and 5.92% respectively. In addition, 67.58% and 13.83% of the tumors were undifferentiated and poorly differentiated respectively. Surgery was less probable in less differentiated tumors (r=0.582 P=0.001). The surgery rate in GIST, intestinal-type, and Diffuse-type tumors were 100%, 57%, and 14.4%, respectively. IHC results showed that E-cadherin expression was present in 78.6, of which 50.9% were weakly positive (+1). Also, the high expression of P53 was observed in 60.7% of patients. Conclusion: According to the data, we can conclude that poorly differentiated tumors, decreased expression of E-cadherin, and increased expression of P53 is linked to poor prognosis in Iranian patients with gastric cancer. In this regard, further clinical trials and multicenter studies should be done to evaluate the possible factors for improving the prognosis and survival rates of Iranian patients with gastric cancer. *Corresponding Author: Shahrokh Iravani; Email: iravanishahrokh@ajaums.ac. ir Please cite this article as: Sattartabar B, Nourian M, Samizadeh E, Mehrvar N, Jalaeikhoo H, Mehrvar A, Iravani S. Clinicopathological Characteristics of Gastric Cancer in Iranian Patients Referred to Imam Reza Hospital During 2008 to 2017. Arch Med Lab Sci. 2020;6:1-6 (e18). https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v6. 33309
Biological Treatment of a High Salinity Chemical Industrial Wastewater

Various laboratory-scale process configurations were tested for the biological treatment of a combined wastewater stream of several chemical factories. The untreated wastewaters, rich in halogenated organics (1250±389 mg/l DOC), were also highly saline (32±11 g/liter TDS 550°C) and toxic (Microtox™ EC50 = 1.5±2.0%). Biphasic (anaerobic/aerobic) laboratory bench-scale reactor systems yielded reduction of dissolved organic carbon by 70 to 84%, in the absence and presence of powdered activated carbon, respectively. The anaerobic phase proved to be essential in all systems, both for dissolved organic carbon removal and for detoxification. Similar efficiencies were obtained in either activated sludge or aerated lagoon type reactors, but in the latter case, longer hydraulic retention times were required. DOC removal was found to decrease with increased salt concentration; however, a 50% efficiency was achieved even at 90 g/l TDS. Toxicity elimination as judged by the Microtox™ assay was highly variable in the absence of activated carbon but stable and efficient in its presence.
Two New Compounds from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora

The chemical constituents from the rhizome of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell were studied. Column chromatographic techniques were used for isolation and purification of the chemical constituents of the CHCl 3 ,EtOAc and n-BuOH portion of the plant,the structures were elucidated by the means of IR,MS and NMR spectroscopy and chemical methods.Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as:p-hydroxyhypnone, apocynin,ω-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid,syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,vanillic acid,umbelliferon,cinnamic acid,scroneoside A,isoferulic acid,urs-2α,3,19,23-tetrahydroxyl-12-en-28-oic acid,ferulic acid,picroside II,aucubin, coniferin,catalpol,minecoside and scroside F.Among them,the structures of scroneoside A and scroside F were not found in literatures.
Phytophthora root rot: its impact in botanic gardens and on threatened species conservation

Phytophthora root rot is one of the most devastating diseases of perennial plants worldwide, affecting plants in food production, amenity plantings and in natural ecosystems. The impact of these diseases in botanic gardens can be substantial and can affect how a site may be used for months and years ahead. Management is critically dependent on avoidance of the introduction of the pathogen and effective hygiene protocols are key to achieving this. Additionally, botanic gardens have a key role to play in protecting plants and enhancing conservation outcomes through surveillance, education and ex situ conservation programmes, as well as through the recognition that they can be critical as sentinel sites to detect new incursions of pests anddiseases. The impact of several Phytophthora species on the in situ and ex situ management of the critically endangered Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi pine), which is highly susceptible to phytophthora root rot, is used to highlight the need to ensure management of these pathogens is a critical component of threatened species recovery and management.
An agile, simplified and sonication mediated one-pot aqueous extraction and antibacterial assessment of predominant Korean mushrooms

Solvent-based extractions have always held the upper hand when it comes to mushrooms. Assimilating the fact that mushrooms are a part of culinary components cooked in water and not in solvents; solvent-based extraction becomes a priority. Effective water based extraction stretches 24 h, leaving space for prospective improvising through analytical interference. We have demonstrated the effective downsizing of the extraction time from 24 h to 2 min via sonication based extraction strategies. A water bath-based method could achieve effective extraction at 30 min, whereas further enhancement was seen through the use of a probe sonication approach to 2 min. The extraction efficiency was tested based on the antibacterial activity of mushroom extracts against two pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The systematic optimization of the sonication approach and a comparison of their effectiveness versus conventional approaches are demonstrated. The bioactive components in the extracts obtained via the different extractions have been characterized using biochemical characterization as well as GC-MS analysis. The enhanced extraction and potent role of butanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid were confirmed to be behind the success behind the sonication mediated extraction.
CHAPTER 4:Structural Understanding of Ion Channels in Atomic Detail

The first ion channel crystal structure was resolved nearly 15 years ago, in 1998, an achievement acknowledged by the award of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry to Rod MacKinnon, in 2003. Although these proteins remain difficult to crystallise there are an increasing number of structures available. This chapter discusses the history of the field, outlines some of the recent structural successes and describes the development of novel methods that have rendered ion channels, and membrane proteins in general, more tractable to structural biology. The wealth of information provided by all these structures enhances our understanding of channel structure and by inference allows us to understand their functional influence on the associated physiological processes. While many of the ion channel structures are bacterial in nature, recent developments have led to the structural elucidation of eukaryotic proteins that should facilitate future ion channel drug discovery.
On Joan Robinson’s Role in Creating the Myth That R. Kahn Originated the Multiplier Concept

An enduring myth accepted by all Orthodox and heterodox economists is that it was Richard Kahn who discovered and originated the concept of the multiplier. Kahn then supposedly showed Keynes how the multiplier concept could be specified mathematically so as to provide hard support for Keynes’s views in the late 1920’s about increased initial government spending on public infrastructure generating much larger increases in total spending than the original injection, leading to decreasing levels of unemployment. There are three major problems with this story. First, Kahn, himself, in a 1936 response to Hans Neisser in the Review of Economics and Statistics stated that most of his ideas about the multiplier concept came from Keynes. Second,the mathematical and logical development of the multiplier concept had already been formalized and formulated precisely by Keynes in 1921 on p. 315 in footnote 1 of the A Treatise on Probability in section 8 of chapter 26. Third, Keynes provided an arithmetic example of the mathematical technique worked out in the A Treatise on Probability in May,1929. There is simply no foundation for the myth, promoted by Joan Robinson, that Kahn was the author of the multiplier concept. Kahn went along with Robinson because he was involved in a 54 year old relationship with Joan Robinson. Keynes taught Kahn the theory of the multiplier concept and left it up to Kahn to write a full blown article on it, which was then published by Keynes in the June,1931 issue of the Economic Journal.
Information system development for restricting access to software tool built on microservice architecture

The article discusses issues related to improving the security of an information system by introducing an authentication system into distributed information systems, developing and implementing a secure software architecture built on a microservice architecture. That kind of architecture ensures the prevention of unauthorized access to confidential information processed in the application. Achieving this goal it is necessary to use authorization methods, the basics of building secure applications and the basics of database management systems.
Valuation of Equity Securities, Private Firms, and Startups

For valuation of equity securities and similar objects research has not been rigorous and holistic. This paper is an attempt to review the literature on valuation of equity for a variety of types of entities, and within some important valuation contexts. The review was performed for such themes as (1) Valuation of Stocks (2) Valuation of Private Firms (3) Valuation of Startups (4) Valuation in Emerging Markets (5) Valuation and IPO. The review found that there is a consensus over various models for their usefulness and theoretical soundness, at the same time researchers and practitioner are seeking better models, particularly in the areas of private firm valuation and startups. The valuation of stock has more robust and recognized framework as compared to private firms and startups. The valuation of private firms is more complex because of closed nature of the firm. The valuation of startup is complicated because of the newness of the business and industry, and also because of the nature of the business structure. In general, the practices involving valuation of equity securities and other similar entities have evolved and improved over time. This research will enable the security analysts and other valuation experts to gain insights into various models and their inputs for their beneficial applications.
The relationship between leaf anthocyanin content and chlorophyll fluorescence,as well as excited energy distribution during leaf expansion of Syringa oblata Lindl.

In this paper,effects of changes in anthayanin content on chlorophyll contents,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and excitation energy distribution in photosynthetic apparatus in leaves of Syringa oblata Lindl. during leaf expansion were investigated. The results showed that anthocyanin contents decreased and chlorophyll contents increased in leaves of S. oblata with the expansion of leaves. There was a significant negative relationship between anthocyanin content and chlorophyll content,and capability of light capture and utilization of leaves were strengthened gradually with the increasing of anthocyanin contents,but the maximal PSⅡ photochemical efficiency( F v / F m) had no significant change. During leaf expansion,leaf anthocyanin contents decreased,and the quantum yield of thermal dissipation in non-functional PSⅡ( Ф NF) and the quantum yield of light-dependent and △pH-and xanthophyll-mediated regulated thermal dissipation( Ф NPQ) decreased. This showed that the younger leaf age was,the more anthocyanin contents had. And not only energy proportion of trans-thylakoid pH gradient and xanthophyll-regulated thermal energy dissipation in young leaves were higher than in mature leaves,but also quantum yield of thermal dissipation assigned by light absorption of PSⅡ reaction center to non-functional PSⅡ was larger. The distribution mechanism of light energy significantly decreased the pressure of active PSⅡ response center in young leaves,therefore,anthocyanin can prevent young leaves form the destruction of excess light energy.
A Multi-Band Asymmetric Stepped-Slot Antenna for DCS, PCS, WiMAX, 4G, and WLAN Applications

A multi-band stepped-slot antenna, fed by modified 50 Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line is described and implemented. The designed antenna effectively supports digital communication systems (DCS 1.71–1.88GHz), personal communication systems (PCS 1.85–1.99 GHz), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX 3.30–3.80GHz), forth generation (4G 3.40–4.2 GHz) mobile communication system, and wireless local area network (WLAN 5.15– 5.35 GHz). In order to cover the aforementioned valuable bands, in the first step rectangular slots are subtracted symmetrically from the radiating patch. Besides, stair-shaped rectangular slots are etched at the radiator edges. Also, to operate at DCS and PCS systems, dual-section CPW feed line with different widths is designed. Actually antenna is designed by using quasi-fractal methods, to cover frequency ranges of 1.64– 1.99 GHz, 3.35–4.3 GHz and 4.8–5.4 GHz (for |S11|< −10 dB). The antenna size is 75.2 × 38.54 × 1.6 mm3 and it is etched on FR4 substrate. The antenna development steps are presented and discussed in detail. Moreover investigation of important design parameters is performed. The designed multi-band antenna has respectable results such high gain in center of each operating band and considerable efficiency of 90 %, 85% and 86% in 1.85, 4 and 5GHz respectively. Also omni-directional patterns and acceptable group delay are obtained. Measurement data are presented to validate the numerical outcomes. All of these prominent features make this antenna, worthwhile for multi-band applications.
MEMPERTEGAS KEDUDUKAN HUKUM KESATUAN MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DALAM MEMENUHI HAK- HAK KONSTITUSIONAL

Keberadaan dan hak-hak masyarakat hukum adat telah diterima dalam kerangka hukum tidak tertulis maupun hokum positif di Indonesia. Pada kenyataannya issue yang berkembang tentang kehadiran dan hak- hak masyrakat hukum adat adalah terbatasnya ruang dan gerak bagi komunitas-komunitas adat dalam mewujudkan demokratisasi pengelolaan wilayah adanya secara berkelanjutan, Konflik tenurial, keterbatasan dan kondisi kekayaan alam yang meliputi tanah dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya tidak asimetris dengan pertambahan penduduk. Sehingga perlu adanya penegasan kembali bahwa adanya korelasi antara Kesatuan Masyarakat Adat dengan Pemerintah terkait pemenuhan hak Konstitusionalnya yang terkandung dalam pasal Pasal 18B ayat (2), Pasal 28I ayat (3) dan Pasal 32 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945 dimana aturan ini merupakan semangat otonomi yang diberikan seluas-luasnya kepada daerah. Ketentuan tersebut yang paling sering dirujuk ketika membicarakan mengenai keberadaan dan hak-hak masyarakat hukum adat. Kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai The Protector of the citizen’s and Constitutional Rights and guardian of constitution juga memberikan secercah harapan bagi para pencari keadilan khususnya yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan terhadap hak masyarakat hukum adat