Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A survey on the use of humanoid robots in primary education: Prospects, research challenges and future research directions

In parallel with the significant and exciting advancements in robot technologies, the use of humanoid robots to support teaching strategies and learning goals has become a popular topic. Different from the traditional instructional or learning tools, humanoid robots can exhibit mobile behaviours and numerous repetitions and are very helpful to the students in developing problem-solving and collaboration abilities. Presently, the roles of humanoid robots in classrooms fall into four main categories: learning materials, learning companions, teaching assistants and communication mediators to support group learning, respectively. With the humanoid appearance, anthropomorphism, interaction, flexibility, repeatability and digital data representation, humanoid robots have great potential to be useful especially in preschool and primary school education. In this paper, limitations and challenges of the use of humanoid robots as teaching assistants are presented in addition to exploring the relationship between humanoid robots and performance in learning. Keywords: Humanoid robot, teaching, social interaction, learning tool, assisted learning.
Science Studies and the Metamorphic Multiple Earth: Bruno Latour’s Risky Diplomacy

This essay focuses on Bruno Latour’s recent attempts to study the metamorphic zone of terrestrial life, within the current climate crisis and environmental “cosmocolossus. ” I explore his proposal for a risky diplomacy in the Anthropocene “end times,” as a way of dealing with the increasingly tense relations between polarized and weaponized perspectives. I show how his work continues to seek a form of scientific practice that involves the invention of equipment (apparatus) that make perceptible (principally to humans) the existence of nonhuman agencies, thereby expanding the opportunities for alliances and a pluralist ecology, and ultimately assembling another more-than-human political body. I also discuss critiques and concerns regarding the specifics of this proposal.
A Study of the Relationship between the Patterns of Planned Activity and Incidents of Deliberate Self-Harm within a Regional Secure Unit

Within a 77-bed Regional Secure Unit, there has been an increase in the number of patients admitted who deliberately do themselves harm, although this Is generally not the primary reason for admission. During this 9-month study, 307 incidents of self-harm were recorded on the clinic's information system; a subgroup of seven patients was responsible for 77.5% of these incidents. Whilst there is a perception among rehabilitation staff that activity has a role in reducing the incidence of deliberate self-harm, this study Identifies no correlation between the patterns of structured activity and the patterns of deliberate self-harm. This does not suggest, however, that occupational therapy is ineffective with this client group, particularly given the potentially addictive nature of deliberate self-harm behaviour even after problem resolution. The study identifies areas for further research, focusing on qualitative rather than quantitative study.
The Power of the Present: Effects of Three Mindfulness Tasks on Women’s Sexual Response

Mindfulness-based interventions are effective at improving sexual dysfunctions in women, yet the mechanisms of action are less clear. Our objective was to investigate the impact of three mindfulness exercises on women’s sexual response. Forty-nine women participated in a laboratory session involving a series of 5-min exercises and erotic films. They completed three mindfulness-based exercises and a mental-imagery task. Genital and subjective arousal were measured continuously during erotic films, and genital arousal was measured during the exercises. A focus on the genitals led to greater genital arousal during the exercise. A focus on sensations in the body and on the genitals was associated with greater subjective sexual arousal during erotic films. Effects were small in size. Taken together, the focus of attention during a mindfulness practice may differentially affect genital and subjective sexual arousal and has implications for women experiencing difficulties in different aspects of sexual response.
The Study of Men and Women Language in “The Fault In Our Stars” by John Green Movie Manuscript

This study aims to (1) to examine the typical language by men and women in movie The Fault in Our Stars and (2) to describe the reasons of men and women expression the language in The Fault in Our Stars. The types of this research is descriptive qualitative. The object of the study is analyzing gender between men and women in The Fault in Our Stars movie. The data and data source are all utterances which is showed the difference between men and women in movie manuscript of The Fault in our Stars. The data will be analyzed using men’s language theory written by Coates (2004), women’s language theory written by Lakoff (1975), and language and gender written by Deborah Tannen in the book You Just Don’t Understand. The result of this study shows (1) the researcher found7 characterizing men and women, namely: tag question, question, minimal response, compliment, swearing or taboo language, hedges and directives. There were 52% characteristic of women language and 48% characteristic of men language. The percentage characteristics of women language there are 8% tag question, 8% question, 8% minimal response, 6% compliment, 6 % swearing, 10% hedges and 6% directive. While the percentage characteristics men language 6% tag question, 6% question, 6% minimal response, 6% compliment, 8% compliment, 8% swearing, 8% swearing, 8% hedges, and 18% directive. (2) the researcher found that the reasons men and women using expression of the typical languagehave similarity but also have differences. For example, women used a tag question is for confirmation (facilitative) about something while men used a tag question is to express uncertainty. Women use minimal response is to listen to another speaker. While men use the minimal response is to keep the conversation going.
The Other Gap: Examining Low-income Emiratis’ Educational Achievement

This working paper examines how low-income Emiratis are doing in secondary schools in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Using PISA 2015 data on Emiratis’ performance to assess academic performance in math, science, and reading, it disaggregates students’ performance by key student and school characteristics, including: family wealth, gender, school sector, and emirate. It finds strong evidence that low-income Emiratis are performing much worse than their middle and upper-income peers, and the gap between the top and bottom wealth quintiles is as large or larger than the gap between girls and boys. It argues that despite the significant attention paid to the male-female gender gap, this “other gap” – the wealth gap – also deserves attention. The findings also indicate that other student characteristics also shape performance: low-income boys are performing worse than low-income girls and private schools in general are serving low-income students better. However, there are also important differences in performance across emirates, with the Northern Emirates serving low-income students in the public sector better than Dubai, where low-income students seem to benefit more from being in the private sector. The second half of the paper examines low-income Emiratis’ home and school environments, and finds that low-income students are often uncomfortable in school and the recipients of negative attention from teachers and peers. The paper argues that low-income Emiratis are not being served well by the existing school system and policies must address the distinct needs of low-income Emiratis.
Effect of aging in cortial activity during sensory integration to balance posture

ix Abstract Postural balance maintenance is a fundamental ability of human movements, achieved and maintained by a complex set of the sensory-motor control system. The sensory inputs from the somatosensory, visual and vestibular systems are integrated by the CNS to generate the motoric response required to balance the posture. Postural balance becomes very crucial in seniors. This study aims at identifying the impact of aging on postural balance, and the sensory integration involved in the postural balance, as well as the cortical response during static balance and sensory integration. In this study, 20 young active students 24.64 ± 2.47 years of age and 20 active seniors 68.45 ± 5.37 years of age underwent a sensory organisation test (SOT) with Balance Master. Along with coupled 32-channel wireless MOVE EEG 10/20 system. An IIR filter with a low cut-off of 0.5 Hz and a high cut-off of 120 Hz, were applied to the EEG data. The independent component ocular correction was used to remove the artifacts. The power spectrum and functional localisation were analysed in the delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands. The senior participants exhibited a decline in their ability to maintain postural balance p < 0.001 and balance strategies p < 0.05, together with decreased sensory integration abilities to balance the posture p < 0.001 when compared with the young participants. The senior participants also showed high-level cortical modulation, during postural balance. Delta and theta activities decreased, while alpha, beta and gamma activities increased under somatosensory visual and vestibular influence. Further, in functional localisation beta and gamma activities get reduced in young participants, and alpha activity was noted increased in senior participants. The significant finding from this study was that the cortical response was higher during the static postural balance in the seniors when compared with the young participants. As the sensory information to balance the posture was isolated, the cortical activity was observed to further decrease in young participates about baseline. To improve the postural balance of seniors training comprises physical challenges, coordination and cognition is proposed, e.g. dance training with music, which can be helpful to improve the balance ability.
Making Campus-Based LGBTQ Climate Assessments Matter

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience stigma and discrimination on college campuses. This may translate into negative mental health and poor academic outcomes. Campus climate assessments may identify areas of improvement but often do not lead to significant changes. This study builds upon one climate assessment framework to improve campus-based LGBTQ climate assessments. Based on an assessment at one large Southern university, we suggest ways to improve the process of assessing the climate and creating change on campus.
Are Schools the Key to Fighting Childhood Obesity?

school environment to promote healthier eating is likely to yield modest progress, but no clear-cut victory, in the fight against childhood obesity, a large new intervention study suggests. Two years after implementing a multifaceted campaign to eliminate junk food, encourage better food choices, and increase physical activity at urban public schools, Gary Foster, PhD, of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, and colleagues reported that significantly fewer children became overweight in the intervention schools (7.5%) compared with the control schools (14.9%). The authors describe this result as “a 50% reduction in the incidence of overweight (BMI 85.0th to 94.9th percentile),” but this should not be misinterpreted to mean that the intervention group actually lost weight. In fact, the intervention did not halt the overarching trend toward increased BMI in the cohort of fourthto sixthgrade children. And the total percentage of children who were obese (BMI >95th percentile) increased by 1.25% in the intervention schools compared with a 1.37% increase in the control group—a difference that was not statistically significant.
Food consumption in the Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children 2011 (DNSIYC)

The National Diet and Nutrition Survey assesses the dietary intakes and nutritional status of a representative sample of the population of the UK, aged P18 months. Recognising the need for similar information about those younger than 18 months, the Department of Health commissioned a survey of infants and young children aged 4–18 months, which was carried out in 2011. Consumption of milk and solid foods is reported here. The sample was drawn using a multi-stage random probability design from Child Benefit records, at the time a universal credit with a take up rate of around 98%, in two waves to ensure sufficient numbers at each end of the age range. Background information was collected using home interviews for details of family dietary habits, socio-demographic status and health information, feeding practices, and eating patterns. Dietary data were collected using an estimated food diary of four consecutive days. Diaries were coded using DINO (Diet In Nutrients Out), HNR’s dietary recording and analysis system, also used in NDNS. Food composition was from the Department of Health’s Nutrient Databank (Year 3 of NDNS 2010/11). Completion of at least three diary days was considered fully productive. Results were subdivided into 4 age groups, 4–6 months, 7–9 months, 10–11 months, and 12–18 months. Weighting factors were applied to ensure representativeness. There were 2,683 fully productive children in DNSIYC, a response rate of 62%, with the achieved sample close to the UK population in terms of age, sex, ethnicity and region. 29% of children 4–6 months consumed breast milk in the diary period, decreasing to 8% of at 12–18 months. Only 2 children, both 4–6 months, were exclusively breastfed at the time of the survey. Cow’s milk consumption increased with age, 15% of 4–6 months having whole milk, 5% semi-skimmed, rising to 79% of 12–18 months having whole milk, 13% semiskimmed. Fruit and vegetable consumption (not including potatoes) was high, mean intake (including from composite dishes) being 100 g/d for 4–6 months and over 150 g/d for all other age groups. Consumption of savoury snacks increased with age, from 7% of 4–6 months to 43% of 12–18 months; similarly sugar, preserves and confectionery, from 11% of 4–6 months to 62% of 12–18 months, although both contributed little to energy. Milk or formula provided most energy: formula 51% for 4–6 months decreasing to 10% for 12–18 months, cow’s milk 1% for 4–6 months, increasing to 18% for 12–18 months. Cereals and products contributed substantially to energy: 3% for 4–6 months, rising to 24% for 12–18 months. Commercial infant foods provided 16% energy for 4–6 months, decreasing to 6% for 12–18 months. Results indicate that UK infants and young children are eating a mixture of foods with increasing incorporation of non-infant specific foods with age, as expected. Formula and cow’s milk are the major sources of energy in this age group, followed by cereal products.
Causality and Sense of Agency: A Social-Cognitive Approach with Temporal and Spatial Binding

Over a decade of research evidences that the perceived time and space between two events becomes contracted when we believe there is a causal connection between them. The present thesis investigated how such measures of implicit causal beliefs translate to meaningful, social contexts, inspired by research from the areas of sense of agency and immanent justice reasoning. Specifically, how effective were the popularly employed methods of temporal and spatial binding at reflecting or extrapolating beyond simple stimuli or otherwise explicit reports of causal beliefs. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the literature on causality, the sense of agency, the binding phenomenon, and immanent justice reasoning. Chapter 2 focuses how the emotional valence of our outcomes modulates temporal binding. These experiments were conducted to establish a basic effect that in intentional binding, and by extension, our SoA, could be modulated by social outcomes. Chapter 3 focuses on the extent to which unconnected events could be causally linked due to their moralistic congruency, measured via temporal binding. Chapter 4 investigated causal binding with regards to self- and other-actions. These experiments were conducted to explore whether top-down processes (knowledge of a causal relationship) were sufficient to produce the binding phenomenon. Chapter 5 investigated extent to which explicit self-report measures used within immanent justice reasoning research replicates with spatial binding. Finally, Chapter 6 offers a general discussion of the findings from my research, and implications for future research centred on the use of the binding phenomenon in causal and sense of agency research.
Us versus Them: The Responses of Managers to the Feminization of High-Status Occupations

What happens when more and more women enter high-status occupations that were previously male-dominated occupations? This article explores how the processes by which the entrance of women into high-status occupations has affected the hiring, income, and perceived competence of women. I present the results of a general population experiment conducted on a large, random sample of the U.S. population. The experiment was designed to explore the hiring, income, and perceived competence of all women when high-status occupations become predominantly female. I show that when male managers are exposed to information about high-status occupations’ becoming predominantly female, they evaluate women who work in other high-status occupations as less competent, tend to hire them less frequently, and offer them lower salaries. Female managers, however, tend to respond to such changes in the labor force by valuing women more highly.
The Effect of Weather on Crime in a Torrid Urban Zone

This study investigates the relationship between weather and crime in Barranquilla, Colombia, a city in the Torrid Zone, which in contrast to more commonly studied temperate zones is hot and humid year-round. Our analysis is based on daily variations in four weather variables (temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed) and two indicators of criminal activity, namely, homicides and interpersonal violence. To help identify statistical links, we add controls for temporal variables. Using count data models in the estimations, we do not find any statistically significant relationship between weather patterns and homicides. However, we find that weather can be an important predictor of interpersonal violence in this area. These findings draw attention to the importance of considering weather factors when designing a long-run urban security policy in one of the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change.
Construal in language: A visual-world approach to the effects of linguistic alternations on event perception and conception

Abstract The theoretical notion of ‘construal’ captures the idea that the way in which we describe a scene reflects our conceptualization of it. Relying on the concept of ception – which conjoins conception and perception – we operationalized construal and employed a Visual World Paradigm to establish which aspects of linguistic scene description modulate visual scene perception, thereby affecting event conception. By analysing viewing behaviour after alternating ways of describing location (prepositions), agentivity (active/passive voice) and transfer (NP/PP datives), we found that the linguistic construal of a scene affects its spontaneous visual perception in two ways: either by determining the order in which the components of a scene are accessed or by modulating the distribution of attention over the components, making them more or less salient than they naturally are. We also found evidence for the existence of a cline in the construal effect with stronger expressive differences, such as the prepositional manipulation, inducing more prominent changes in visual perception than the dative manipulation. We discuss the claims language can lay to affecting visual information uptake and hence conceptualization of a static scene in the light of these results.
MUSCLE STRENGTH IN UNSTABLE CONDITIONS

The use of various exercises in unstable conditions aiming to improve balance and coordination has attracted much attention in the recent years. However, the impact of such exercises on strength has been poorly studied, partly because of the problematic reliability of the current methods of muscle strength assessment during such movements, limiting thus their practical use. Movement production in unstable conditions results in the reduction of maximum muscle strength since the total muscle force is diminished, co-contractions are increased, and muscle coordination is altered. The use of unstable platforms in resistance training should result in the development of higher levels of muscle activation via increased reliance on their stabilizing functions. Since this higher level of muscle activation is achieved with less resistance, such trainings could have a positive impact on muscle and joint rehabilitation after injuries, as well as in sport-specific trainings. However, the researches performed in the field of rehabilitation cannot be directly translated into the field od sports training due to different demands for muscle strength exercise in everyday activity (low loads, slow movements) and in sports activities (large loads, highly dynamic movements). Acta Medica Medianae 2011;50(2):53-56.
The Racial Morbidity Gap: Implications for Raising the Retirement Age

Proposals to reduce Social Security benefits collected before age 70 argue that Americans on average are living longer and should therefore work longer. But averages across racial groups hide crucial differences in quality of life, ability to work and longevity. While increasing the normal retirement age will make it more difficult for all Americans to experience a healthy and active retirement, Blacks will be disproportionately affected. For example, Blacks are more likely to develop adverse health conditions that limit their ability to work and to report declining health. The average black American will experience physical limitations before the normal retirement age of 67.
Establishing an informal mutual support group for carers of mentally Ill Patients: An exploratory survey from Nigeria

Background/Objectives: There are few, if any, support groups in Nigeria serving the needs of carers of mentally ill persons. The purpose of this study was to assess the need for a support group among carers of outpatients at a neuropsychiatric hospital in southern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional one involving 120 respondents who had been primary carers for at least 6 months. Carers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and a 25-item carer survey questionnaire. Results: Responses from 106 participants were analyzed. The majority of carers were female (n = 60, 56%) and 60.3% were aged 31–60 years. Ninety-four (88.6%) participants reported some degree of stress in caring for the care recipient. Eighty-five participants (80.2%) reported a need for a support service, whereas 84 (79.2%) were interested in joining a group that would enhance their caring role. A carer being female and a subjective need for some form of support were significantly associated with interest in joining a carer group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The survey found a need for the formation of a support group for carers of mentally ill persons. The female gender was identified as a significant factor to be emphasized in the operation of such a group, and information sharing was a key content.