Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Browsing patterns in retrieved documents

The paper reports a test exploring how retrieved documents are browsed. The access point to the documents was varied -- starting either from the beginning of the document or from the point where relevant information is located -- to find out how much browsing and context the users need to judge relevance. Test results reveal different within-document browsing patterns.
Towards a Typology of Growth through the Axes of an Innovation Network

The objective of this paper is triple: 1. Firstly, it seeks to determine the contribution of innovation networks to business growth, and in particular SMEs. 2. Secondly, it tries to propose a typology of growth. In this context, it has the innovation networks as an element that focuses on three axes: innovation, information, and knowledge. Combining pairs of these three axes leads to four types of growth: growth provisional, negotiated growth, random growth and sustained growth. It should be noted that the latter (i.e. the sustained growth) is the goal of any leader/ manager. 3. Thirdly, it specifies the contribution of each axis for each type of growth.
Creative Activity and Sex-Role Identity in Elementary School Children

The relationship of creative activity to sex-role identity was examined in boys (N = 80) and girls (N = 56), aged nine to twelve, of above average intelligence. Endorsement of personal characteristics that cut across sex stereotypes was associated with participation in a wide variety of creative activities. When analyzed by specific activity, the relationship with sex-role followed a consistent pattern for boys and girls combined: male activities such as sports with scores on the masculine scale, female activity such as dance or art with scores on the feminine scale, and sexually indeterminate activities such as drama or social leadership with scores on both scales.
Bank supervision - principles and practice

As the title suggests, the paper reviews the principles, and practice of bank supervision, with a focus on the World Bank Institute's (WBI) program on the financial sector, to improve decision-making, with particular interest, on those areas covering structural financial systems reforms, together with the policies and regulations that deal with insolvency of financial intermediaries. Additionally, the development of markets for short, and long term financial instruments is explored, to further cover the role of institutional elements in the development of financial systems. The links between the financial sector, and real sectors, particularly in the case of restructuring, financial, and industrial institutions, or enterprises, is examined, and includes and analysis on the dynamics of financial systems management, in terms of stabilization and adjustment, and, access to international financial markets. The paper suggests remedial measures upon banks failures, and, spells out early warning conditions, for bank regulators to look for, upon insolvency, fraud, or other worrisome issue, in order to recover possible losses.
Strategic Choice and Human Resource Management in a Public Hospital Setting: A Case Study of a Victorian Public Health Service

For much of the last decade the public health sector in Australia has operated in a climate of financial restraint. Within this climate, human resource management may have something to offer the public health sector. Applying Kessler and Purcell's (1996) strategic choice framework the adoption of HRM practices is investigated using a case study of a Victorian public hospital. A number of constraints are identified in the article including management knowledge and skills, a break down in communication between senior, middle and line management, a lack of resources and the passive role of the State Government. A number of important implications for both domestic and international health service managers are discussed. These implications concern the role of key stakeholders, strategies for managing the constraints that impact the adoption of HRM, management lobbying of government and generating a meaningful relationship with trade unions.
Derivative Trading in India: A New Perspective of Risk Management

The terminology risk management incorporates the process of identification, assessment and prioritization of risks, involves coordinated and prudent application of resources to control and minimize the risk by reducing the probability and impact of unexpected events. Derivative instruments have become increasingly important specifically in the sphere of financial risk management for last three decades. The forward contracts, futures, swap, option and other derivatives are regularly traded by financial institutions, fund managers and corporate treasurers in over the counter market. Derivatives are added to the bond issues, used in the executive compensation plans, embedded in capital investment opportunities and so on. The objectives of the research paper are to identify different hedging, speculation and arbitraging strategies using the derivative contracts, interpret how the portfolio of retail investors, High Networth Individuals (HNIs) and Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs) can be managed, optimized, rebalanced and monitored. The paper will also analyze how the stock portfolio can be integrated with derivative market to consolidate the position of the investors. The methodology used for preparing this full length research paper is based on secondary information available in different reputed national and international journals and real life experiences of the author from trading as well as various professional assignments handled by him. This paper will add a new dimension how derivative instruments can be used in enterprise risk management, risk management in banking as well as the portfolio risk management of the investors.
A link transmission-quality based geographic routing in Urban VANETs

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have been paid significant increasing attentions. However, the inherent characteristics of VANETs, such as the dynamic network topology, uneven distribution of vehicles, frequent disconnections etc., bring great challenges for designing an efficient routing protocol in urban environment. In this paper, we first introduce a new routing metric called link transmission quality (LTQ), which exploits the effect of links' position along the routing path and also takes both transmission cost and forwarding reliability into consideration, to evaluate the performance of a multi-hop link. Next, with the help of back-bone nodes selected based on specified criterions, road segments are assigned different weights according to the value of calculated LTQ. Finally, a novel geographic routing protocol based on LTQ in urban VANETs, named as LTQGR, is proposed, where the routing path with the lowest aggregated weights is selected for packets transmission. When data packets are forwarded along the optimized route, one forwarding strategy is presented to guarantee the efficient transmission. Simulation results show that our proposed LTQGR outperforms GPSR and another ETX-based protocol HLAR in terms of the average transmission delay, packet delivery ratio and routing overheads.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae zinc finger proteins Msn2p and Msn4p are required for transcriptional induction through the stress response element (STRE).

The MSN2 and MSN4 genes encode homologous and functionally redundant Cys2His2 zinc finger proteins. A disruption of both MSN2 and MSN4 genes results in a higher sensitivity to different stresses, including carbon source starvation, heat shock and severe osmotic and oxidative stresses. We show that MSN2 and MSN4 are required for activation of several yeast genes such as CTT1, DDR2 and HSP12, whose induction is mediated through stress‐response elements (STREs). Msn2p and Msn4p are important factors for the stress‐induced activation of STRE dependent promoters and bind specifically to STRE‐containing oligonucleotides. Our results suggest that MSN2 and MSN4 encode a DNA‐binding component of the stress responsive system and it is likely that they act as positive transcription factors.
Molecular profiling of a rat model of colitis: Validation of known inflammatory genes and identification of novel disease‐associated targets

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by acute and chronic relapsing inflammation. The most suitable animal model for studying this disease is still under debate. Microarray transcript profiling has the potential to illuminate the molecular processes that are involved in both the human condition and animal models. Aim: To identify differentially expressed genes in the 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) model of experimental colitis and compare gene expression profiles with that reported in patients. Methods: Colitis was induced by TNBS administration (30 mg in 50% ethanol) in female Sprague‐Dawley rats. Controls received the vehicle. Seventy‐two hours later, the animals were killed, the colons were removed and scored for damage, and total RNA was isolated. Gene expression levels were analyzed after hybridizing experimental and control cDNA to PIQOR Toxicology Rat Microarrays containing 1,252 genes. Genes with 2‐fold or more higher or 0.5‐fold or less lower expression levels were selected as significantly differentially expressed. Results were validated using real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Results: We observed increased expression of genes that have previously been shown to be up‐regulated in IBD patients, including chemokines/cytokines, extracellular matrix/remodeling genes, transcription factors and tumor necrosis factor family members. Using real‐time RT‐PCR, we validated 9 of 10 critical genes identified by DNA microarray. Fibulin 2 and lysyl oxidase are among some of the novel genes not previously associated with IBD that could potentially be related to the pathogenesis of this condition. Conclusion: We provide evidence supporting the TNBS colitis model as an appropriate tool to study the pathology of IBD and identify molecular targets with clinical relevance.
On the Relationship Between the Generalized Equality Classifier and ART 2 Neural Networks

On the Relationship between the Generalized Equality Classifier and ART 2 Neural Networks Alper K. Caglayan & Magnus Snorrason Charles River Analytics Inc. 55 Wheeler Street Cambridge, MA 02138 akc@crasun.cra. com ln this paper, we introduce the Generalized Equality Classifier (GEC) for use as an unsupervised clustering algorithm in categorizing analog data. GEC is based on a formal definition of inexact equality originally developed for voting in fault tolerant software applications. GEC is defined using a metric space framework. The only parameter in GEC is a scalar threshold which defines the approximate equality of two patterns. Here, we compare the characteristics of GEC to the ART2·A algorithm (Carpenter, Grossberg, and Rosen, ! 991 ). In particular, we show that GEC with the Hamming distance performs the same optimization as AR12. Moreover, GEC has lower computational requirements than AR12 on serialnwchines.
Strategies in e-business : positioning and social networking in online markets

Positioning in Online Social Networks Through QDQ Media: An Opportunity for Spanish SMES? - Modeling the Influence of eWOM on Loyalty Behaviour in Social Network Sites. - Crowdsourcing as a Competitive Advantage for New Business Models. - Analyzing a Successful Incubator Business Model: The Case of Barcelona Activa. - Website Effectiveness for Tourism Accommodation Companies. - Gender in the Elderly Internet Users. - Search Engine of Optimization (SEO) and Ethical Leadership Strategies. - Search Engine Ranking: A SEO Strategy. - The Integration of Social Networks in the Competitiveness of Cooperation Networks: An Analysis to be Applied in Pharmacies. - How Are New Media Changing the Working Environment? What are the Challenges? - Improving User Experience: A Methodology Proposal for Web Usability Measurement. - The Importance of Trust in Information Security in Interconnected Organisations.
TP53 polymorphisms in sporadic North Indian breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of five (p.P47S, p.R72P, PIN3 Ins16bp, p.R213R and r.13494g>a) polymorphisms of TP53 with the risk of developing breast cancer in North Indian Punjabi population. METHODS We screened DNA samples of 200 sporadic breast cancer patients (197 females and 3 males) and 200 unrelated healthy, gender and age matched individuals for the polymorphisms. RESULTS For the p.P47S polymorphism, we observed the PP genotype in 99.5% of the patients and PS genotype in only 1 patient. All the controls had the wild type PP genotype. The frequency of RR, RP and PP genotype of p.R72P was 23.5% vs 33.5%, 51.5% vs 45.5% and 25% vs 21% in patients and controls respectively. Heterozygous (RP) genotype was increased in breast cancer patients as compared to controls (51.5 vs 45.5%) and showed 1.61 fold significantly increased risk for breast cancer (OR=1.61, 95% CI, 1.01-2.58, p=0.04). In breast cancer patients the frequencies of A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes of PIN3 Ins16bp polymorphism were 67%, 26% and 7% respectively whereas in controls the genotype frequencies were 68.5%, 27.5% and 4% respectively, with no significant difference. For p.R213R (c.639A>G), all individuals had homozygous wild type genotype. The frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes of TP53 r.13494g>a polymorphism were 62 vs 67.5%, 33 vs 28% and 5 vs 4.5% in patients and controls respectively, again without significant difference. We observed that RP- A1A1 genotype combination of p.R72P and PIN3 Ins16bp and RP-GG combination of p.R72P and r.13494g>a polymorphism showed significant risk of breast cancer (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 0.98-2.78, p=0.05; OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.01-2.92, p=0.04). CONCLUSION The results of present study indicated that among the five TP53 polymorphisms investigated, the p.R72P polymorphism, and the RP-A1A1 and RP-GG genotype combination contribute to breast cancer susceptibility in North Indians.
Leptin Mediates High-Fat Diet Sensitization of Angiotensin II–Elicited Hypertension by Upregulating the Brain Renin–Angiotensin System and Inflammation

Obesity is characterized by increased circulating levels of the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin, which can increase sympathetic nerve activity and raise blood pressure. A previous study revealed that rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) have an enhanced hypertensive response to subsequent angiotensin II administration that is mediated at least, in part, by increased activity of brain renin–angiotensin system and proinflammatory cytokines. This study tested whether leptin mediates this HFD-induced sensitization of angiotensin II–elicited hypertension by interacting with brain renin–angiotensin system and proinflammatory cytokine mechanisms. Rats fed an HFD for 3 weeks had significant increases in white adipose tissue mass, plasma leptin levels, and mRNA expression of leptin and its receptors in the lamina terminalis and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Central infusion of a leptin receptor antagonist during HFD feeding abolished HFD sensitization of angiotensin II–elicited hypertension. Furthermore, central infusion of leptin mimicked the sensitizing action of HFD. Concomitant central infusions of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist irbesartan, the tumor necrosis factor-&agr; synthesis inhibitor pentoxifylline, or the inhibitor of microglial activation minocycline prevented the sensitization produced by central infusion of leptin. RT-PCR analysis indicated that either HFD or leptin administration upregulated mRNA expression of several components of the renin–angiotensin system and proinflammatory cytokines in the lamina terminalis and paraventricular nucleus. The leptin antagonist and the inhibitors of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-&agr; synthesis, and microglial activation all reversed the expression of these genes. The results suggest that HFD-induced sensitization of angiotensin II–elicited hypertension is mediated by leptin through upregulation of central renin–angiotensin system and proinflammatory cytokines.
Knowledge Dissemination in an Extra-Organisational Community of Practice

This paper explores the potential for increasing the dissemination of knowledge in a global, extra-organisational community of practice -the Information Systems academic community. The paper begins by defining the IS academic community as an extra-organisational community of practice, individuals linked by what they do rather than for whom they work. Second, incentives for knowledge sharing are examined and peer recognition is identified as a key incentive. Third, IS academics are characterised as shared work practitioners and implications for distributing knowledge in the community are suggested The article concludes with a brief proposal for ISNet, a knowledge dissemination system for the global IS academic community.
Wellsprings of Knowledge: Building and Sustaining the Sources of Innovation

From the Publisher: Why are some companies better at innovation than others? Drawing on the candid reflections of managers at leading technology-based companies such as Hewlett-Packard, Chaparral Steel, Microsoft, and Motorola, Wellsprings of Knowledge shows that the successful innovators are companies that build and manage knowledge effectively. The book reveals lessons for creating, nurturing, and growing the experience and accumulated knowledge of the organization into renewable assets and competitive advantage. Leonard-Barton illustrates the dimensions of the core capabilities along which all organizations must innovate: skills and knowledge base, physical systems, managerial systems, and values and norms of behavior. However, these capabilities can function as "core rigidities" if not constantly assessed. Managers must design capabilities as evolving, organic reservoirs. Wellsprings of Knowledge will help managers understand the long-term, systemic, and people-based nature of technological advantage and inspire them to think constantly about the potential knowledge-building import of every technology-related decision they make.
Fat and glucose homeostasis in pancreatic beta cell

Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral and Helena Cristina de Lima Barbosa-Sampaio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Avenida Dr. Maximiliano Barutto, no 500, Jd. Universitário, Araras, São Paulo, CEP 13607-339, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
Single-centre experience in surgery of acute aortic type A dissection and true aortic arch aneurysm.

BACKGROUND Surgery of the aortic arch is challenging. AIM To assess the results of aortic arch surgery. METHODS Analysis of 172 patients operated on arch dissection (emergency group: 97 patients) or aneurysm (elective group: 75 patients) between 2007 and 2014. Arch surgery was defined as a procedure requiring circumferential anastomosis at the level of the aortic arch or the descending aorta with the use of techniques of brain protection (deep hypothermic circulatory arrest [DHCA] or selective antegrade cerebral perfusion [SACP]) and/or debranching of at least one supra-aortic vessel. RESULTS Men predominated in both groups (> 70%). Men were younger in the emergency group (55 vs. 66 years; p < 0.008). The operative risk was higher in the emergency group (19.2% vs. 12.5%; p < 0.001). Forty-nine per cent of the patients from the emergency group and 5% from the elective group were operated with antiplatelet therapy (p < 0.001). Extended hemiarch procedure was performed in 79% (n = 77) in the emergency and 76% (n = 57) in the elective group. Total arch replacement was performed in 19 (21%) patients from the emergency and 18 (24%) patients from the elective group. In these patients debranching was performed in 68% of the emergency patients group and in 67% of the elective group. Elephant trunk procedure (classic/frozen) was performed in 53% (n = 10) from the emergency and in 78% (n = 14) of patients from the elective group. Aortic valve sparing surgery was performed in 20% of patients from the emergency and 9% from the elective group (p = 0.063). DHCA was performed in 58% (n = 43) of patients from the elective group and 39% (n = 37) from the emergency group. SACP was performed in 61% (n = 58) of patients from the emergency and 42% (n = 31) from the elective group. Thirty-day mortality in the emergency group reached 33% (n = 32), and in the elective group 15% (n = 11; p = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, predictors of death in the emergency group were: Logistic EuroSCORE above 19.5%, extracorporeal circulation time above 228 min, and postoperative acute renal failure (ARF); and in the elective group: DHCA time above 26 min, rethoracotomy due to bleeding, and ARF. Follow-up was completed in 100% of patients in terms of vital status. The mean follow-up time of the patients from the emergency group was 24.3 ± 27.10 (min 0, max 92) months, and from the elective group 30.3 ± 24.5 (min 0, max 99) months. During the follow-up period all-cause mortality in the emergency group was 43% (n = 42/97), and in the elective group it was 36% (n = 27/75). CONCLUSIONS Early mortality in the emergency group was higher, while long-term mortality did not differ among the groups. Postoperative ARF is a critical predictor of mortality in both groups.
Involvement of the LPS-LPB-CD14-MD2-TLR4 inflammation pathway in HIV-1/HAART-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS).

OBJECTIVES A relationship between obesity and intestinal bacterial translocation has been reported. Very little information is available with respect to the involvement of the bacterial translocation mechanistic pathway in HIV-1/highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS). We determined whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) single-nucleotide polymorphisms and LPS, LBP and soluble CD14 (sCD14) plasma levels are involved in HALS. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional multicentre study involved 558 treated HIV-1-infected patients, 240 with overt HALS and 318 without HALS. Anthropometric, clinical, immunovirological and metabolic variables were determined. Polymorphisms were assessed by genotyping. Plasma levels were determined by ELISA in 163 patients (81 with HALS and 82 without HALS) whose stored plasma samples were available. Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, two-way repeated measures ANOVA, the χ(2) test and Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were carried out for statistical analysis. RESULTS LBP rs2232582 T→C polymorphism was significantly associated with HALS (P = 0.01 and P = 0.048 for genotype and allele analyses, respectively). Plasma levels of LPS (P = 0.009) and LBP (P < 0.001) were significantly higher and sCD14 significantly lower (P < 0.001) in patients with HALS compared with subjects without HALS. LPS levels were independently predicted by triglycerides (P < 0.001) and hepatitis C virus (P = 0.038), LBP levels by HALS (P < 0.001) and sCD14 levels by age (P = 0.008), current HIV-1 viral load (P = 0.001) and protease inhibitor use (P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS HALS is associated with LBP polymorphism and with higher bacterial translocation.
Initialization of ballistic targets tracking filters with detection probability lower than unity

Radar tracking of a projectile flying in the Earth's atmosphere is a very complex issue to cope with, due to the need of (suboptimal) nonlinear filtering techniques. Almost all cases found in literature assume that the target trajectory is observable from the firing point to the impact point on the ground, namely the trajectory observation gets under way from the first available measurement. The radar track initiation time is actually a stochastic quantity that has to be treated by means of a statistical procedure. In this paper a preliminary analysis of the effect of a more realistic filter initialization is proposed12.