Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
K3 surfaces from configurations of six lines in $\mathbb{P}^2$ and mirror symmetry I

From the viewpoint of mirror symmetry, we revisit the hypergeometric system $E(3,6)$ for a family of K3 surfaces. We construct a good resolution of the Baily-Borel-Satake compactification of its parameter space, which admits special boundary points (LCSLs) given by normal crossing divisors. We find local isomorphisms between the $E(3,6)$ systems and the associated GKZ systems defined locally on the parameter space and cover the entire parameter space. Parallel structures are conjectured in general for hypergeometric system $E(n,m)$ on Grassmannians. Local solutions and mirror symmetry will be described in a companion paper \cite{HLTYpartII}, where we introduce a K3 analogue of the elliptic lambda function in terms of genus two theta functions.
Search for mutations on gene inIA of Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen capable of causing listeriosis, a severe invasive disease and responsible for some outbreaks that occur occasionally. Internalin A protein (InlA) encoded by inlA gene has a key role in the infection mechanism, being necessary for L. monocytogenes to cross the intestinal barrier and to establish a systemic infection. Studies on inlA in L. monocytogenes have shown that mutations leading to premature stop codons (PMSC) occur naturally and are associated with attenuated virulence of this bacterium. inlA from eleven food and eleven clinical isolates of L. monocytogenes from Portugal, were sequenced to find mutations carrying PMSC leading to production of a truncated and secreted InlA. The invasion efficiencies of these strains of L. monocytogenes of the Caco-2 cell line were also tested. It was found three mutation types, previously described (6, 11 and 12), leading to a predict truncated InlA of 492, 576 and 685 amino acids. The PMSCs were detected in four food and in one clinical isolates. The results show a reduced invasiveness, in Caco-2 cell line, of isolates with PMSCs in inlA.
On the Performance of L- and V-Shaped Arrays of Cardioid Microphones for Direction Finding

The L-shaped and V-shaped arrays of first-order cardioid microphones for direction finding are presented in this paper. A comparative study of the direction of arrival estimation performance of the arrays was carried out by analytically deriving, in closed-form, and comparing the Cramér-Rao bounds of an incident signal’s direction-of-arrival (DoA) azimuth and polar angles for these arrays. The maximum-likelihood estimator is used to verify the correctness of derived bounds. This investigation reveals that for direction finding, the L-shaped array of cardioid microphones would generally outperform the V-shaped array of cardioid microphones in more sub-regions of the DoA polar-azimuth angle space. However, in regions where the V-shaped array of cardioid microphones outperforms the L-shaped array of cardioid microphone, the variance ratios are usually higher in favor of the V-shaped array.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha

배경/목적: 비알코올성 지방간은 미국에서 이미 간질환중 가장 높은 유병율을 보이는 질환이며 국내에서도 그 발생 빈도가 차츰 증가되고 있는 것으로 추정된다. 많은 수의 환자가 당뇨, 비만, 고지혈증 등의 유발인자를 동반하여 metabolic syndrome의 일환으로 생각되고 있으며 인슐린 저항성이 가장 중요한 병인으로 생각된다. 간세포에서의 long chain fatty acid, very long chain fatty acid의 베타 산화는 peroxisome에서 주로 일어나며 acyl Co-A oxidase, enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-coA dehydrogenase multifunctional protein, ketoacyl coA thiolase 등이 관여하여 fatty acid를 acyl-CoA 로 전환시킨다. 따라서 간세포 내 중성지방의 침착을 보이는 비알콜성 지방간 질환의 발생에 베타산화와 관련된 이와 같은 효소들과 이들의 발현과 밀접한 관계가 있는 peroxisomal peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor alpha (이하 PPAR alpha)는 질환의 발생과 진행에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 추측된다. 본 연구의 목적은 비 알코올성 지방간 모델을 이용하여 peroxisome 베타산화의 시발 효소인 acyl coA oxidase와 PPAR alpha의 발현 양상을 밝히는데 있다. 대상과 방법: 지방간이 발생하는 OLETF 모델을 사용하였다. 지방간이 발생하지 않는 정상 대조군과 지방간 발생 군에서 간 조직을 얻고 단백질을 용출하였다. western blot을 시행하여 대조군과 지방간 군에서 PPAR alpha의 발현을 관찰하였다. 간 조직에서 RNA를 추출하여 역전사 시킨 후 Real-Time PCR을 시행하여 acyl coA oxidase 및 PPAR alpha의 발현양상을 비교하였다. 결과: 단백발현을 분석하여 각 군에서의 평균을 AU (arbitrary Unit)로 표시하였다. PPAR alpha의 단백 발현을 살펴보면 연령 12주, 28주에 대조군이 53, 49 AU를 보이는데 반해 지방간군은 각각 9, 37 AU로 PPAR alpha단백발현이 현저히 감소하였다. Real-time PCR을 시행하여 PPAR alpha 및 acyl coA oxidase mRNA 발현을 조사하였으며 각각의 Ct 값을 얻고 대조군에 대한 비율로 표시하였다. 지방간 군에서는 PPAR alpha mRNA발현이 각각12주, 28주에 대조군의 3%와 26%로 현저한 감소를 보였다. 지방간 군에서의 Acyl coA oxidase mRNA 발현은 12주에 대조군의 63%로 의미있게 감소하였다. 결론: 비 알코올성 지방간 모델에서는 정상 대조군에 비하여 PPAR alpha 및 acyl coA oxidase의 단백 발현 및 mRNA 발현이 감소하며 이는 peroxisome에서의 long chain fatty acid의 베타 산화과정의 장애를 유발시켜 비 알코올성 지방간 질환의 생성 및 발달에 기여하리라 생각된다.
Russian Postdocs as a New Tool for Academic Development: an HSE University Perspective

19 References [1] DiMaggio, P. J., Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American sociological review, 48(2), 147–160. [2] History of Nazarbayev University. (2020). Retrieved from https://nu.edu. kz/about-nazarbayev-university/history. [3] International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed Loan in the Amount of US$88 Million to the Republic of Kazakhstan for a Fostering Productive Innovation Project. (2014). World Bank. Retrieved from http://documents. worldbank.org/curated/en/410881468039550416/text/ PAD10470PAD0P1010Box385386B00OUO090.txt [4] Fostering Productive Innovations Project Ph.D. Grant Program. (2020). Retrieved from http://www.fpip. kz/index.php/ru/ [5] The Kazakh National University (KazNU) after Al-Farabi. A Directive about Postdoctoral Program. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.kaznu. kz/content/files/pages/ folder19427/Положение%20о%20постдокторантурe [6] Koikov, V. , Akanov, A. , Abduazhitova, A. (2019). Guidelines for the implementation of postdoctoral programs in medical universities and research centers. Nur-Sultan: Republic Center for Health Development.
Autoimmune receptor encephalitis in mice induced by active immunization with conformationally stabilized holoreceptors

We report an active immunization mouse model of autoimmune N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis that provides insights into the pathophysiology. An active model of autoimmune encephalitis Autoantibodies targeting the neurotransmitter N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) have been found in patients with encephalitis. Although treatments reducing antibody titers have been developed, their effect is often incomplete. The lack of models recapitulating the pathophysiology of the human disease hinders the development of effective treatments. Now, Jones et al. developed a mouse model of NMDAR encephalitis using active immunization with intact NMDARs embedded in liposomes. Characterization of the model showed alterations resembling human anti-NMDAR encephalitis, including the presence of hippocampal inflammation, immune cell infiltration, and cognitive impairments. Moreover, the authors showed that the presence of T cell and B cell infiltrates is necessary for the induction of the disease. Autoimmunity to membrane proteins in the central nervous system has been increasingly recognized as a cause of neuropsychiatric disease. A key recent development was the discovery of autoantibodies to N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in some cases of encephalitis, characterized by cognitive changes, memory loss, and seizures that could lead to long-term morbidity or mortality. Treatment approaches and experimental studies have largely focused on the pathogenic role of these autoantibodies. Passive antibody transfer to mice has provided useful insights but does not produce the full spectrum of the human disease. Here, we describe a de novo autoimmune mouse model of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Active immunization of immunocompetent mice with conformationally stabilized, native-like NMDA receptors induced a fulminant encephalitis, consistent with the behavioral and pathologic characteristics of human cases. Our results provide evidence for neuroinflammation and immune cell infiltration as components of the autoimmune response in mice. Use of transgenic mice indicated that mature T cells and antibody-producing cells were required for disease induction. This active immunization model may provide insights into disease induction and a platform for testing therapeutic approaches.
Discurso académico escrito en el nivel universitario: clasificación y caracterización de los textos especializados en cursos de inglés con fines específicos

espanolEn este trabajo nos proponemos hacer una clasificacion y caracterizacion de textos especializados, concebidos como registros comunicativos especificos, con tematicas y convenciones retoricas propias de cada disciplina. Dentro del marco de la Teoria de Tipologia Textuales y el analisis de genero, analizaremos un corpus compuesto por quince textos escritos del discurso cientifico-academico del dominio de las ingenierias y de las ciencias ambientales utilizados en cursos de ensenanza del ingles con fines especificos en la Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Este trabajo busca resaltar aquellos elementos micro y macroestructurales que resulta necesario identificar para la ensenanza del ingles con fines especificos. El primer paso estipulado en esta investigacion consiste en describir brevemente los cursos de lectocomprension en la universidad para luego continuar con el marco teorico que da sustento a este trabajo. A continuacion, procederemos a una descripcion detallada de los textos especializados teniendo en cuenta el tipo de interlocutor y ambito de uso, el tipo textual y genero discursivo, y los recursos linguisticos empleados para vehiculizar la informacion. Concluiremos que una tipologizacion textual llevada al plano metodologico servira para una adecuada seleccion y secuenciacion del material didactico y permitira articular los estudios de analisis de genero con la ensenanza de un idioma extranjero. EnglishIn this work, we propose a classification and description of specialized texts, defined as specific communicative registers, which address topics of the specialty domain and have rhetorical conventions of each discipline. Within the framework of Text-Typology Theory and genre analysis we will analyze a corpus composed of fifteen written texts, from the scientific-academic field of Engineering and Environmental Sciences that are used in courses of English for Specific Purposes at National University of Comahue. This paper attempts to highlight those micro and macro-structural elements that are necessary to identify for the teaching of English for Specific Purposes. First, we will briefly describe reading courses at university and then continue with the theoretical framework of this work. We will then proceed with a detailed description of specialized texts, taking into account the type of participants and scope of use, the text-type and genre, the linguistic resources used to convey the information. We will conclude that applying text-type typologies to a methodological approach will contribute to an adequate selection and sequencing of the teaching material and will help articulate previous studies of genre analysis with the teaching of a foreign language.
The terrestrial life of sea kraits: insights from a long-term study on two Laticauda species (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae) in the Andaman Islands, India

Sea kraits forage in water and return to land to digest their prey, mate, slough, and lay their eggs. The temporal terrestrial patterns in encounter rate and behaviour of two species of sea kraits Laticauda colubrina and L. laticaudata were studied over four years at the New Wandoor beach in the southern Andaman Islands. The encounter rate of L. colubrina was found to be 20 times higher than L. laticaudata, and sea kraits were observed to prefer the natural refuge that the microhabitat of uprooted trees provide. Additionally, nesting observations are presented that emphasize the need to promote the conservation of these crucial terrestrial habitats.
Personalized Rehabilitation Recognition Model upon ANFIS

This study applied the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to design a recognition model of personalized rehabilitation. In the model, the user may take a wearable sensor and follow the assigned joint-relax exercise to measure the motions of the upper limbs. The sensor that is embedded with the chips of accelerometer, gyroscope, and inclinometer produced the sample datasets due to the exercise schedule of physiotherapy assignment. All motion samples were labeled by arbitrary numbers, which can be identified to the specific motion, for the data training process. A Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) was initially designed by the steps of data pre-processing, featuring, fuzzifying, and ruling Fuzzy logics according to the sample datasets. The FIS was then trained by the ANFIS for optimization by tuning parameters of the features. In testing, the accomplished FIS could recognize the motion features by the defuzzifier that infers the label corresponding to the motion. As a result, the average recognition rate was higher than 90% when the testing motions followed the sampling schedule of the physiotherapy assignment. The model can be applied in the ubiquitous healthcare measurement for health services. The professionals can assess whether the subject obeyed the assigned program or not based on detail motions of the exercise. This approach can be enabled on the trackable interface for the physiatrists to screen the motions of routine rehabilitation.
Delay-Tolerant Predictive Power Compensation Control for Photovoltaic Voltage Regulation

Voltage regulation is imperative for the successful operation of electricity distribution networks, especially with a high penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Power compensation control (PCC) that uses both reactive power compensation and active power curtailment has shown promising results in alleviating voltage rise problems. It crucially relies on real-time communications among distributed PV systems. However, the transmission of state measurements and control signals in PCC is hampered by inevitable communication delays. Therefore, it is important to not only estimate the maximum tolerable communication delay (MTCD) but also develop an alternative technique for PCC under abnormal communication delay (ACD) conditions. This article presents a delay-tolerant predictive PCC for voltage regulation in distribution feeders. After estimating the MTCD based on voltage and power mutation, it uses normal PCC for effective operation when communication delay is within MTCD, or switches to predictive PCC under ACD conditions. An accurate prediction is achieved using a double neural network with online adjustment of weights and samples. Simulations on a sample distribution network demonstrate the effectiveness of our presented approach.
External Financing Needs and Early Adoption of Accounting Standards: Evidence from the Banking Industry

Economic intuition and theories suggest that banks are motivated to voluntarily disclose information and signal their quality, for example, through early adoption of accounting standards, to better access capital markets. Examining accounting standards from January 1995 to March 2008, I find that US bank holding companies (BHCs) with lower profitability and higher risk profiles are more likely to choose early adoption. This evidence is consistent with a BHC’s incentive to better access external financing through information disclosure and signaling. Moreover, a counter-signaling effect of decisions not to early adopt is first identified because early-adopting BHCs are not necessarily the least risky and the most profitable. I also find the counter-signaling effect to be most evident when an accounting standard has no effect on the financial statement proper (i.e., only disclosure requirements). This finding complements prior research that managers treat recognition and disclosure differently and that financial statement users weigh more on recognized than disclosed values. Finally, the results show that early adopters generally experience higher fund growth in uninsured debts than matched late adopters in economic expansions, times when BHCs are most motivated to obtain funds. This finding is consistent with the bank capital structure literature that banks have shifted towards nondeposit debts to finance their balance sheet growth.
An efficient method for surface reconstruction based on local coordinate system transform and partition of unity

: Radial basis function (RBF) has been extensively applied for surface reconstruction from scattered 3D point data due to its strong ability of approximation. However, additional information, such as oﬀ-surface points, are usually required to be appended into constraints for determining the parameters, which apparently increases the computation cost and data unreliability. To avoid adding additional oﬀ surface point constraints, a novel surface reconstruction approach based on local coordinate system transform and partition of unity is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the explicit RBF functions are constructed to approximate the local surface patches, and then it is transformed into an equivalent implicit surface reconstruction form by local system coordinate transformation. Compared with the local implicit surface approximation, the proposed local explicit surface approximation method is capable of avoiding trivial solution occurred in RBF approximating, and does not increase the scale of data solution. A number of comparison experiments of the proposed method with the traditional RBF-based method and the multi-level partition of unity (MPU) method are carried out on some kinds of large dataset, non-uniformity dataset, noisy dataset. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method is robust and eﬀective in dealing with large-scale point clouds surface reconstruction.
Economic assessment of GHG mitigation policy options for EU agriculture: A closer look at mitigation options and regional mitigation costs - EcAMPA 3

This report highlights the importance of assessing emission mitigation from a multidimensional perspective. For this, a quantitative framework to analyse the potential contribution of different technological mitigation options in EU agriculture is described in this report. Within the boundaries of the analysis, the need to consider land use, land-use change and forestry emissions and removals for a comprehensive analysis of the sectorâ€™s potential contribution to achieve certain greenhouse gas mitigation targets is highlighted. The assessment of carbon dioxide emissions and removals is also important in light of the new flexibility introduced in the EU 2030 regulation framework. Regarding a possible ranking of mitigation technologies in terms of their mitigation potential and attached costs, the analysis clearly highlights the need to consider mitigation technologies as â€˜a bundleâ€™. It is important to avoid the simple aggregation of mitigation potentials by single measures without taking into account their interactions both from a biophysical and economic perspective. Moreover, the analysis quantifies how mitigation measures might influence differently the agricultural sector in different EU Member States, stating that there is no â€˜one fits allâ€™ rule that could be followed for selecting which mitigation technologies should be implemented at regional level. In the policy context of the European Green Deal, the Effort Sharing Regulation and the CAP-post 2020, our results imply that farmers should have flexibility with regard to which mitigation options to adopt in order to find the right mix fitting to the regional circumstances.
Gonial Angle as a Determinant of Gender, a Panoramic Study in a Sample of Saudi Population

Introduction: Sex determination is a valuable factor in forensic dentistry. The present study aims to assess the possibility of using gonial angle as a determinant of gender through a retrospective panoramic study, in a sample of Saudi population. Materials and Method: A 342 digital panoramic radiographs (179 males and 163 females) of adult dentulous Saudi patient attending university dental hospital, Qassim university, KSA were assessed in this studywere assessed in this study. Gonial angle measurements were calculated bilaterally. Results: The mean values were calculated and compared between male and female subjects using SPSS (V. 22). Level of significance was set at 0.005. The mean values of the external gonial angle measured using the panoramic radiographs were 125.50±5.95° and 127.45±6.77°, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, statistically significant difference was observed between the gonial angles measured in between males and females using panoramic radiographs. Gonial angle can be considered reliable for gender determination.
Photochemical strategies for macromolecular syntheses in near infrared region

Different photoinitiating systems were carried out for the design of well-defined macromolecular structures using near-infrared (NIR) light via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) and Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Click Reactions (CuAAC). Lower-oxidation state copper salts are required for both processes, however; this brings some limitations into the reactions. In order to mitigate these limitations, the use of light energy has been utilized by starting with higher-oxidation state copper salts and reducing them via photoinduced electron transfer reactions (PET). In addition, there have been huge affords to conduct these reactions in metal-free conditions. For the first time, the use of NIR irradiation for the controlled radical polymerization system via ATRP process in the absence of inorganic catalyst was demonstrated in this thesis. In order to do that, the emitting ultraviolet (UV) light from up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) after NIR laser irradiation was used to excite UV photoinitiator which is 2-isopropyl thioxanthone (ITX). The initiation mechanism involves PET from the electron donor amine to the excited state of ITX in order to form radical anion of ITX. The generated radical anion of ITX reduces the alkyl initiator to generate initiating radicals which allow the addition of the monomers and the polymerization to be proceeded. Additionally, the use of NIR sensitizers (Sens) for both reactions (ATRP and CuAAC), for the first time, were successfully investigated in this thesis. The initiation mechanism involves a photoinduced electron transfer reaction between the exited state of a heptamethine cyanine absorber and CuII/Ligand complex. The oxidation potential of the Sens resulted in a negative free enthalpy in combination with the CuII/Ligand complex considering successful electron transfer reactions after excitation by near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LEDs). After the photochemical reaction, the back electron transfer was presented which allows the system to be a catalytic cycle. The characterization of the polymers obtained were analyzed by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Controlled molecular weight characteristics were observed and block copolymer synthesis was achieved in both ATRP and CuACC reactions via NIR exposure. As an alternative, similar photocatalytic system using carbon nanodots (CDs) which were prepared from seaweeds was shown to be able to catalyze free radical and controlled radical polymerization processes using blue light emitting diodes. The use of these materials was included in this work because they can be an alternative as biocompatible and green photocatalyst. They showed no toxicity and good efficiency for the synthesis of tailor-made materials.