Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frailty index–predicted mortality is moderated by health-related behaviors: a 4-year community-based longitudinal-cohort study

To explore the separate and joint associations between frailty and long-term, all-cause mortality with health-related behaviors in older adults. We enrolled a total of 4050 community residents age ≥60 years from Songjiang District, Shanghai, China, and followed up with them every year from 2015 to 2018.Based on the standard procedure for creating an FI, we developed one containing 28 measured variables. Survival analyses were used to examine the risk ratios (RRs) between frailty and 4-year mortality; hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained and adjusted for gender and age. Over an average follow-up time of 1107.56 ± 144.43 days, 216 (5.4%) participants died. Of all participants, 71.7% were non-frail (FI = 0–0.1), 23.2% were pre-frail (FI = 0.1–0.2), and 5.1% were frail (FI ³0.2). Multivariate HRs (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for all-cause mortality were 1.58 (1.06–2.34) and 2.63 (1.52 –4.55) for moderate (FI 0.1–0.2) and severe (FI >0.2) frailty, respectively, compared with mild frailty (<0.1). Risk of death for severely frail participants who were physically inactive (HR = 3.40; 95% CI, 1.78–6.50; P < 0.001) was 105%, much higher than for severely frail participants who performed physical exercise (HR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.35–4.09; P < 0.01). Similarly, among severely frail participants, those who were socially inactive (HR = 5.77; 95% CI, 2.69–12.38; P < 0.01) were 344% more likely to die than those who regularly participated in social activities (HR = 2.33; 95% CI, 1.42–3.86; P < 0.01).
Distribution of Anopheles species in malaria endemic areas of Honduras in an elimination setting

Background: Anopheles mosquitoes are the vectors of malaria, one of the most important infectious diseases in the tropics. More than 500 Anopheles species have been described worldwide, and more than 30 are considered a public health problem. In Honduras, information on the distribution of Anopheles spp. and its genetic diversity is scarce. This study aimed to update information on the diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes in Honduras with a morphological and molecular approach. Methods: Mosquitoes were captured in 8 locations in 5 malaria endemic departments during 2019. Two collections methods were used. Adult anophelines were captured outdoors using CDC light traps and by aspiration of mosquitoes at rest. The morphological identification was performed using taxonomic keys. Genetic analyses included the sequencing of a partial region of the cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Results: A total of 1320 anophelines were collected and identified through morphological keys. Seven Anopheles species were identified. An. albimanus was the most widespread and abundant species (74.02%). To confirm the morphological identification of the specimens, 175 and 122 sequences were obtained for COI and ITS2 respectively. Both markers confirmed the morphological identification. COI showed a greater nucleotide diversity than ITS2 in all species. High genetic diversity was observed within the populations of An. albimanus while An. darlingi proved to be a highly homogeneous population. Phylogenetic analyses revealed clustering patterns in An. darlingi and An. neivai in relation to specimens from South America. New sequences for An. crucians, An. vestitipennis, and An. neivai are reported in this study. Conclusions: Here we report the distribution of Anopheles species in endemic areas of malaria in Honduras. According to our results, both taxonomic and molecular approaches are useful tools in the identification of anopheline mosquitoes. However, both molecular markers differ in their ability to detect intraspecific genetic diversity. These results provide supporting data for a better understanding of the distribution of malaria vectors in Honduras.
Study on the heat transfer of cross flow in vertical upward tubes

A special device was designed to measure temperature difference in this study of heat transfer of water and oil cross flow inside vertical upward tubes. A new heat transfer correlation was obtained for cross flow. The experimental results showed that the dependence of heat transfer on Reynolds is much smaller in a narrow space than that in a wide space. It was found that the heat transfer correlation of cross flow in a narrow space is obviously different from that in a wide space, and that the heat transfer correlation obtained in a wide space may not be applicable to the cross-flow heat transfer in a narrow space. Further, the single-phase heat transfer capability of water cross flow was compared with that of oil cross flow. The experimental results showed that the average heat transfer coefficient of water is about 2～3 times that ofoil when they have the same superficial velocity.
Effects Analysis of Chinese Dates Yield and Quality under Different Spraying Mode of Trace Element Fertilizers

【Objective and Method 】To resolve the lack of trace and irrational use of elements nutrients at Chinese date planted currently in Xinjiang,the different foliage spray mode experiment of Hefeng series of boron,zinc,manganese,calcium fertilizers were implemented in three varieties of Chinese date. 【Result】 The conclusions were showed through the test of single and multiple trace elements fertilizers sprayed on three different date varieties : treatments of T1(B +Zn+Mn+ Ca),T2(B) and T5(Ca) can all can improve their production,T3(Zn)treat can effectively improve Vc and soluble solids contents of the three kinds of dates.Meanwhile,T5(Ca) can effectively prevent the occurrence of fruit burst disease,and T1(B +Zn+Mn+ Ca) can shorten the maturity dates. 【Conclusion】Therefore,there must be applying the trace element fertilizer can be applied in accordance with characteristics of a reasonable growth period dates,this can effectively improve the yield and quality of dates.
Ectopic Intrathyroidal Parathyroid Adenoma Presented with Multiple Lytic Bone Lesions

We report a rare case of intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma (ITPA) of a 17-year-old girl with ectopic ITPA with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the rare ectopic location and association with multiple lytic bone lesions. Parathyroid adenoma (PA) is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. It is a benign tumor and is generally presented as solitary adenoma. Identification of ITPA by imaging characteristics is sometimes difficult, being often an intraoperative discovery that requires special surgical strategy.
Independent and Combined Effects of Biological Maturation and aerobic performance on the gross motor coordination in prepubertal girls

ABSTRACT The present study analyzed the effect of biological maturation on the performance in the test of gross motor coordination in girls, before and after having its effect controlled by body mass index (BMI) and aerobic performance. The sample was composed by 63 pre-pubertal girls (8.0-8.99 years). The girls who were less advanced in biological maturation presented lower body size and better physical performance in the tasks of walking backward on balance beams (t=2.706; p<0.01; d=0.70), moving sideways on boxes (t=2.128; p<0.05; d=0.48), hopping for height on one leg (t=2.076, p<0.05; d=0.54) and 20-m shuttle run (t=3.162; p <0.05; d=0.61). The maturation no longer influenced performance in the tasks of gross motor coordination when considering BMI and aerobic fitness.
Philosophy of Educational Research: New Epistemological, Methodological and Historical Approach

The philosophy of educational research has traditionally been one of the least studied fields in the epistemology of the social sciences and humanities. However, a philosophical reflection on education itself, in the search for an ultimate explanation of what it means in the field of human evolution, necessarily implies knowing how to obtain information for its knowledge. This, in an epistemological context, implies analyzing the research methods used in the educational sciences. Throughout its history, educational research has experienced three stages of methodological evolution in its search for scientific effectiveness: (a) research without adhering to a particular model, (b) research applied to practice, and (c) research inserted into practice. The analysis of these methodological evolutions shows a history of great academic value, of fascinating philosophical debates, which every educator and educational researcher should know, and which nevertheless remains practically unexplored and unstudied in its entirety in the academic field. Key-words: educational research; philosophy of education; epistemology; theory of education; methodology, history of education.
Threatened by wildfires: What do firms disclose in their 10‐Ks?

This study examines the determinants of firms’ 10-K disclosures on the threat of and exposure to wildfires. We match the location of wildfires in the United States to firms in the same county as the wildfire. We first establish that wildfire disclosure is far from widespread. On average, 6.1 percent of firms with wildfires in their headquarter county mention wildfire information in their 10-Ks. Second, we find that the number of days of wildfire exposure is a key determinant of wildfire 10-K disclosure. The sensitivity of wildfire disclosure to wildfire exposure has also increased in recent years, potentially due to heightened concerns about climate change. Third, we find that the sensitivity of wildfire disclosure to exposure emanates mainly from firms having experienced wildfires impacting their past operations, in the western states, in the utility and banking industries, and those exhibiting a high level of tangible assets. Fourth, we find that wildfire exposure has no bearing on stock price, whereas more wildfire-related disclosure lowers stock price. These findings deepen our knowledge of a heretofore unstudied disclosure factor potentially important for assessing firm value.
Load shedding in power system using the AHP algorithm and Artificial Neural Network

— This paper proposes the load shedding method based on considering the load importance factor, primary frequency adjustment, secondary frequency adjustment and neuron network. Consideration the process of primary frequency control, secondary frequency control helps to reduce the amount of load shedding power and restore the system’s frequency to the permissible range. The amount of shedding power of each load bus is distributed based on the load importance factor. Neuron network is applied to distribute load shedding strategies in the power system at different load levels. The experimental and simulated results on the IEEE 37-bus system present the frequency can restore to allowed range and reduce the damage compared to the traditional load shedding method using under frequency relay-UFLS.
Legacies of a mega sporting event for healthy adolescent development: a case study of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic and Paralympic Games

Numerous studies have considered the impact of hosting a mega sporting event on adults. Using the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics and Paralympics as a case study, this thesis is the first to consider the impact of such an event on adolescents over a decade pre and post the event. It investigates the legacies of the 2010 Games on physical activity, employment, and community connectedness, and the environmental, psychological and social mechanisms through which any legacies may have occurred. A mixed-methods approach was used which combined analyses of cross-sectional data from the BC Adolescent Health Survey and Homeless and Street Involved Youth Survey, with sports club membership data and stakeholder consultations. Using selfreport data from over 60,000 adolescents—including three subpopulations typically excluded from mega events (adolescents with a disability, experiencing homelessness, and at risk of incarceration)—the study considered positive and negative, planned and unplanned, tangible and intangible legacies, and the time and space in which they occurred (Preuss, 2016). Results differed by age, gender and location. For example, the 2010 Games were more likely to have both a positive and negative impact on homeless youth in host communities compared to non-host communities. However, across British Columbia, a positive perception of the Games’ impact was associated with regular physical activity. Vulnerable subpopulations generally reported more negative impacts of the Games, but those who reported positive impacts experienced some reduction in health disparities with the general population. However, rather than serving as a catalyst to close the gap in organised sports participation between adolescents with a physical disability and their peers, the disparity increased following the Games. Stakeholder consultations provided context to these findings, and offered insight into how future mega sporting events might be leveraged to support healthy adolescent development at the population and subpopulation level.
Characteristics of Vapor Condensation on Coal-Fired Fine Particles

Heterogeneous condensation of water vapor on coal-fired fine particles was investigated in a growth tube. The influence of operating parameters and wetting agent addition on vapor condensation enlargement for three coal-fired fine particles from different power plants were tested. The results show that all the three coal-fired fine particles induce heterogeneous condensation and the process is favored by increasing the water temperature and residence time and decreasing particles initial number concentration; wetting agent addition highly facilitates the effect of vapor condensation on fine particles and the performance is increased with the increase of wetting agent addition. It is also found that excessive addition encourages the performance of final mean size of particles but discourages the performance of finer particles enlargement. With wetting agent addition, the mean diameter of fine particles can be enlarged above 3 μm while the mean diameter can only be enlarged above 2 μm without wetting agent .
The Efficacy of topical Capsaicin in the management of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A unicenter double-blind, randomized clinical trial

Background: Painful peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes and its management is difficult. Neurotropic drugs, which are the drugs of choice, have moderate efficacy due to high first pass metabolism. Topical Capsaicin, derived from the capsicum plant, is effective in relieving the pain of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Caucasians. Due to an intercultural bias in pain treatment response, we evaluated the efficacy of Capsaicin on painful diabetic neuropathy in sub-Saharan subjectsMethods: 22 subjects with type 2 diabetes having painful diabetic polyneuropathy were randomly assigned using a 1:1 blocking pattern, with parallel design, to an intervention group of capsaicin cream, or to a control group of Miconazole cream. Participants and investigators were blinded to the randomization. Both groups applied the supplied drug topically three times daily for 08 weeks. Pain intensity was noted in both groups, using a visual analogue scale, at intervals of 2 weeks. The trial took place at the national obesity center in Cameroon. The primary analysis was intention-to-treat, and compared the reduction in the mean pain score from baseline, per 2 week period.Results: Twenty-two patients, aged 55 ± 7 years, with an average pain intensity of 6.3 units in the Capsaicin group and 5.8 units in the placebo group were included; at inclusion, there was no significant difference in the 2 groups (p=0.52). After 02 weeks, the mean value of pain intensity was 3.3±0.9 vs 5.4±1.7 (p=0.004), at week 4, 3.2±0.9 vs 4.7±1.2 (p=0,015), at week 6, 3.5±1.3 vs 4.8±1.3 (p=0.018) and at week 8, 6.6±1.1 vs 5.4±1.0 (p=0.55) for capsaicin and placebo respectively. The main side effect in the capsaicin group was burning sensations in the application zonesConclusion: Capsaicin significantly reduced neuropathic pain in the intervention group; however the pain worsened at week 8. It therefore has a transient positive effect on neuropathic pain in sub-Saharan subjects
Factors associated with inappropriate attitude towards antibiotic usage among outpatients of a large public primary care center in Malaysia: A cross sectional study.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest global threat in modern medicine. The situation is even more consequential in lower-and middle-income countries (LMIC) as financial limitations and political instability may become barriers to an impactful health policy. Therefore, The World Health organization has urge all nations to increase public awareness on antibiotic through effective educational interventions. In order for interventions to be successful, it is important to acknowledge that each country is unique in its problems as the demographic in LMIC are diverse. This study aims to identify the community’s attitude appropriateness towards antibiotic usage and their knowledge gaps, the relationship between antibiotic knowledge and their attitude as well as factors associated with inappropriate attitude towards antibiotic among outpatients attending an established primary care specialist center in Malaysia.Methodology : This cross-sectional study was conducted among 256 respondents attending a public primary care specialist clinic center. Those who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria from June to August 2017 were given a self-administered, validated and translated questionnaire. Pearson correlation was used to deduce the relationship between knowledge and attitude. Chi square test, independent t-test and multiple logistic regression were used to determine factors associated with inappropriate attitude towards antibiotic.Results: It was found that the respondents’ mean attitude and knowledge score were 29.5 ± 4.19 and 5.94 ± 2.4 respectively. The highest inappropriate attitude response was expecting antibiotic from the doctor for common colds and the most frequent incorrect knowledge response was on the domain of role of antibiotics. There is a weak positive relationship between antibiotic knowledge and attitude (r=0.315, n=256, p=0.0001). Respondents with low education level and poor antibiotic knowledge were at least 2.5 times more likely to have inappropriate attitude when handling antibiotics.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the common inappropriate attitude towards antibiotic and areas of knowledge gap among the population. Antibiotic education should be incorporated in non-pharmacological measures of viral illnesses that is targeted among those with low education and poor antibiotic knowledge. The weak relationship between antibiotic knowledge and attitude suggest that health campaign should focus on behavioral change rather than a theoretical approach.
Fuzzy event-triggered disturbance rejection control of nonlinear systems

The problem of fuzzy based event-triggered disturbance rejection control for nonlinear systems is addressed in this paper. A new fuzzy event based anti rejection controller is designed and a fuzzy reduced disturbance observer is constructed. Sufficient conditions for the closed loop system to be asymptotically stable under an \begin{document}$ H_\infty $\end{document} performance index are derived. Based on these conditions, the design of a fuzzy event-triggered state feedback controller is formulated and solved. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of our theoretical findings.
Isolation, Structural Elucidation and Anti -Lipid Peroxidation Activity of 3-(5-Hydroxy -2-(4- Hydroxyphenyl) -4-Methyl-Chromen -3-Yl) Propanoic Acid from the Stem Bark of Brachystegia eurycoma Harms

Aim: To isolate, characterize and ascertain the anti-lipid peroxidation activity of a chromene propanoic acid from the stem bark of Brachystegia eurycoma Harms. Study Design: The study was designed to search, isolate and elucidate the structure of a novel compound and then test its anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, between February 2010 and October 2012. Methodology: The structure of the compound was elucidated using Infrared Spectroscopy, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry. Anti-lipid peroxidation activity was determined using the ferric thiocyanate method. Results: A novel compound, 3-(5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-chromen-3-yl) propanoic acid was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Brachystegia eurycoma Harms. The compound exhibited marked anti-lipid peroxidation activity at Original Research Article International Research Journal of Pure & Applied Chemistry, 4(4): 447-455, 2014 448 minimum and maximum concentrations of 100 μg/ml (29.42±1.42%) and 500 μg/ml (74.52±1.22%) respectively. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard anti-lipid peroxidation compound; it gave 94.62±1.18% lipid peroxidation inhibition activity at 100 μg/ml. Conclusion: These analyses reveal the use of the compound in the treatment of diseases caused by free radical activities and therefore corroborate the use of Brachystegia eurycoma plant in the treatment of wounds in herbal medicine.
Self-Seeded Growth of Germanium Nanowires: Coalescence and Ostwald Ripening

We report the controlled self-seeded growth of highly crystalline Ge nanowires, in the absence of conventional metal seed catalysts, using a variety of oligosilylgermane precursors and mixtures of germane and silane compounds (Ge:Si ratios between 1:4 and 1:1). The nanowires produced were encased in an amorphous shell of material derived from the precursors, which acted to isolate the Ge seed particles from which the nanowires were nucleated. The mode diameter and size distribution of the nanowires were found to increase as the growth temperature and Ge content in the precursors increased. Specifically, a model was developed to describe the main stages of self-seeded Ge nanowire growth (nucleation, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening) from the oligosilylgermane precursors and, in conjunction with TEM analysis, a mechanism of growth was proposed.
Predicting the SP500 Index Trend Based on GBDT and LightGBM Methods

Algorithms that are previously difficult to implement have been successfully applied in different fields because of hardware development. Quantitative investment has the characteristics of rationality and efficiency and has obvious advantages over traditional methods. Based on the SP500 index data for 4936 trading days, 10 characteristics such as PSY, MACD, STOCHK and STOCHD were generated. Based on those features, quantitative investment strategies for the GBDT and LightGBM models were constructed. Validation showed that the annualized returns of the two strategies exceeded the direct purchase and holding of the SP500 index, with the annualized returns of 43.4% and 50.7%. The performance of risk control of the two models was also better than the benchmark strategy. The GBDT model had less risk than the LightGBM model when the same benefits were obtained. The accuracy of the LightGBM model was higher than that of the GBDT, and its F1 score was 0.814, while the GBDT model was 0.805. For the different selected components, the results of the principal component analysis showed that the PSY feature weight in the GBDT model was much higher than other features, and a single feature can be applied for straightforward prediction. In the LightGBM model, the seven feature weights such as STOCHK were relatively balanced, and more features can be balanced at the same time to obtain more accurate results. The article designs investment strategies based on the LightGBM model for the first time and provides new ideas for providing a framework for index investment.