85-BASIC ATTENTION TO THE HEALTH NEEDS: INDICATIVES FROM THE MARINGÁ HEALTHY PROGRAM

Introduction th The 20 century was marked by several modifications as the demographic and nutritional transitions. The lifestyle also has changed in a very impressive way becoming almost all the countries vulnerable to the increasing epidemy of chronic degenerative diseases. The demographic transition is marked mainly by the rural exodus, that is, the people from the field migrating to the cities. The data from IBGE (2004) shows that only 18,77% of the Brazilian population lived in the rural area, this pattern is linked to several structural and social problems in the cities, like the lack of basic sanitation, infrastructure, habitation and work. The nutritional transition means the changes in the individuals' diet pattern that is characterized by the high consumption of animal products origins like fats and proteins and in the same away a great amount of refined sugar that is poor in fibers and complex carbohydrates. This pattern has affected different cultures and regions in the world despite of yours habits, they tend to a monotone diet that is directly related to a heavy burden to the health with high economic and social impacts (DREWNOWSKI & POPKIN, 1997). Since the exit of the people from the fields to the cities maximized by the industrial revolution and more recently by the cybernetic revolution there were profound reflects in the modern man's life. These are good and evil at the same time. For example those alterations characterized by the transition of the lifestyle, that alter several human behaviors mainly with marking reflexes in the feeding and in the physical activity (PA). These changes tend to affect the physical aptitude and to rebound negatively about the health (DIONNE & TREMBLAY, 2000; WHO, 2002). As consequence, it is also verified the epidemic transition, that is characterized by the progressive passage of the prevalence of infect-contagious diseases to the chronicdegenerative ones. (ROUQUAYROL & ALMEIDA FILHO, 1999; MONTEIRO, 2000; MINAYO, 2004). These changes brought the need of a new look to the health of the populations. In this way, the World Health Organization (WHO, 2002), the US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC, 2004), the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BRAZIL, 2005) and other important organizations have directed/encouraged actions to health promotion based in aspects of the human behavior involving the diet and the PA, besides other cares related to the basic attention to the health. Several documents has empathized the idea that substantial health gains can be made for relatively modest expenditures. Among these we can quote the Bauman & Craig (2005), regarding the role of PA in the world politics of health, the paper by Unal et al., (2005), on the difference of the costs and the effectiveness of the actions on primary and secondary prevention. The US Surgeon General's report on the Physical Activity and Health (1996) that is widely viewed as a seminal document in the field of PA and public health. It was the first US government document dedicated solely to the role that PA plays in promoting and maintaining health, and more recently, the document of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (2005) about the National Politics of Health including PA as a corner stone to the public health (BRAZIL, 2005). Following this tendency, the municipal city hall of Maringá, in partnership with the courses of the health sciences area have created the Maringá Healthy Program, with base in the guidelines of the "healthy cities" from WHO. Inside of this program the " Fair Maringá Health Space " involves a series of stands of evaluation of the condition of health of the population. Among these, the stand of aerobic fitness, coordinated by members of the department of physical education from Maringá State University, evaluated the readiness for PA, the profile of cardiovascular risk, the flexibility and the aerobic fitness.