Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influência das fontes e granulometria do calcário calcítico sobre a densidade, resistência e composição mineral da tíbia de poedeiras comerciais - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v27i1.1238

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different sources of limestone with different particle sizes (fine, medium and large) on bone quality of laying hens. 192 Isa Babcock B 300 hens - 33 weeks of age were allotted in a randomized block design with a total of 6 treatments, 2 blocks and 4 replicates of 8 hens each. The feeding trial lasted 38 weeks. The six experimental diets were: 1 - fine limestone Source 1; 2 - medium limestone Source 1; 3 - larger limestone Source 1; 4 - fine limestone Source 2; 5 - larger limestone Source 2; 6 - larger limestone Source 3. No negative effects on layer bone characteristics were observed, but better strength bone when larger particles were used
Chromosome Analysis of 5 Species of the Cichlidae Family(Pisces-Perciformes)from the Parana River

The five species analyzed presented the same diploid number, 2n=48 chromosomes, but differed in karyotype formula. These results agree with the proposition that cichlids present a more conservative karyotype evolution and that the most frequent rearrangements appear to have been pericentric inversions and/or deletions. Only Crenicichla lepidota presented a multiple NOR system, indicating that the condition of a single nucleolar organizer is more primitive in this group. We may also state that constitutive heterochromatin seems to be highly conservative, with a preferentially pericentromeric pattern and with C-band positive NORs.
Modelling insect diseases as functional predators

Abstract. Many larval diseases of insects allow no recovery once infected. Furthermore, infected individuals are not able to develop into adults and will not therefore reproduce. A simple modelling approach emphasizes the fact that, accordingly, the agents that cause these diseases are functionally predators. It is important to make this distinction and to be cautious in applying inference drawn from models of parasites to these diseases. Sublethal effects are well known in these insect larval diseases, and models show that they have important dynamical implications. Sublethal effects have received less attention in predator–prey interactions, but their functional relationship with insect diseases emphasizes that nonmortality effects of predators may have correspondingly important dynamical implications.
Gasotransmitters against Hepatic Reperfusion Injury

Hepatic reperfusion injury occur in clinical practice during liver transplantation, resection or trauma, when vascular clamping should be used. The review is aimed to analyze the literature and our own data about the role of gasotransmitters like NO and H2S in the liver protection during ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.
Optimal Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy With Markov Decision Process and Reinforcement Learning Technique

Electric vehicles (EVs) have rapidly developed in recent years and their penetration has also significantly increased, which, however, brings new challenges to power systems. Due to their stochastic behaviors, the improper charging strategies for EVs may violate the voltage security region. To address this problem, an optimal EV charging strategy in a distribution network is proposed to maximize the profit of the distribution system operators while satisfying all the physical constraints. When dealing with the uncertainties from EVs, a Markov decision process model is built to characterize the time series of the uncertainties, and then the deep deterministic policy gradient based reinforcement learning technique is utilized to analyze the impact of uncertainties on the charging strategy. Finally, numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Profiling of PASS Cognitive Processing among Children with Learning Difficulties

--- This study is aimed to explore the profiles of PASS cognitive processes for children with learning difficulties in among primary schools children. The four cognitive processes which are Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive (PASS) operate mental processing in most of the academic tasks. This study had included 279 children with LD among those who follow Literacy and Numeracy Screening System (LINUS) programme in schools. There were 12 schools from 4 clusters of peninsular Malaysia which are Northern, Southern, Central and East Coast of Malaysia selected in this study. The participants were identified through LINUS achievement and recommendation of remedial class teachers according to the criteria of learning difficulties. The identified children were administered with CAS-2 as the instrument to measure general cognitive ability with specific PASS cognitive processes. The individual administered test was conducted on one on one basis by eight research assistants. The findings of the study showed 22.6% of the children who were categorised in LD group had average and above average cognitive ability level. Children with LD showed poor processing in all aspects of cognitive processes especially simultaneous processing. The policymakers, school administrators and teachers need to take individual differences into consideration while designing the curriculum especially for children with LD. Through identification of general cognitive ability level and specific cognitive processing of cognitive ability components would be able to help the children more objectively and meaningfully.
Degeerielline Ischnocera (Insecta : Phthiraptera) of the Pittidae (Aves)

Abstract This paper deals with the species of Picicola, a member of the Degeeriella-complex. parasitic on birds (pittas) of the family Pittidae (order Passeriformes). It contains a redescription of one known species, descriptions of 8 new species and a key to the described species.
The Formation of Chromoplasts in Fruits of Cucurbita maxima Duch. 'Turbaniformis'

The ultrastructure of chromoplasts of Cucurbita maxima 'turbaniformis' was investigated in different stages of development. Young unripe fruits contained chloroplasts. During fruit ripening the grana disappeared while the thylakoid plexus was forming. The latter diminished in later stages while a peripheral reticulum and numerous tubules appeared. Tubules were located either in bundles near the border or singly among numerous plastoglobules in the middle of the chromoplast. Some tubules were in contact with plastoglobules. In the chromoplasts of an old ripe fruit only numerous tubules are present. Observations are discussed with special reference to the origin of chromoplast tubules.
Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of the By-products of Three Pandalid Shrimps

The antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the acetone and dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) extracts of the by-products (heads, shells, and tails) of Pandalus borealis, Pandalus hypsinotus, and Pandalopsis japonica belonging to the family Pandalidae were investigated and their bioactivities were compared. The antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the organic solvent extracts of three shrimp by-products were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2´-Azino-bis[3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] (ABTS + ) radical scavenging activities, reducing power and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity assays and Ellman’s colorimetric method. The extracts of P. hypsinotus exhibited the highest antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. The acetone extracts showed more potent activities toward antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibition compared with the CH2Cl2 extracts. Furthermore, the total carotenoid contents of the acetone extracts were higher than those of the CH2Cl2 extracts. Thus, the carotenoid contents may affect antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibition. Our results suggest that the shrimp by-products could act as a nutraceutical agent to prevent oxidative stress and Alzheimer’s disease.
Yield, Nutrients, and Antioxidants of Tomato in Response to Grafting and Substrate

Grafting is becoming popular for expanding soilless cultivation of tomato in substrates and one of the main interests for growing grafted tomatoes is to improve fruit quality. The objective of our research was to examine the effect of grafting and substrate on yield and fruit quality. Seedlings of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), cv. FA 179 Brillante, were used as scion and nongrafted control, and tomato (L. lycopersicon L. Kirsten ex Farwell), cv. Resistar, was used as rootstock. The effect of grafting on tomato yield, leaf nutrient status, and fruit quality (some quality attributes and antioxidant compounds) was assessed by growing plants under greenhouse conditions in a soilless system using two different substrates (local gravel and perlite). No changes in yield, leaf nutrient status, or fruit quality were observed in response to grafting and substrate and the interaction was not significant. The lack of any differences in the measured parameters may be attributed to no limitations in plant development due to the growing system.
Real Paley–Wiener theorems for the (k,a)‐generalized Fourier transform

In this paper, we obtain several versions of the real Paley–Wiener theorems for the (k,a)‐generalized Fourier transform recently investigated at length by Ben Saïd, Kobayashi, and Ørsted. This generalized Fourier transform can be regarded as a two‐parameter generalization of Howe's description of classical Fourier transform, where k is a multiplicity function for the Dunkl operators on Rd∖{0} and a>0 arises from the interpolation of the two Lie algebra sl(2,R) actions on the Weil representation of Mp(d,R) and the minimal unitary representation of the O(d+1,2).
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus (VMN) Neuroestradiol: Sex Mono‐Versus Dimorphic Control of Glycogen Metabolism and Glucoregulatory Transmitter Signaling

The VMN functions within the neural glucostatic network. Estradiol exerts sex‐specific control of VMN nitric oxide (NO) and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission, which respectively stimulates or suppresses glucose counter‐regulatory hormone secretion. In the brain, the VMN is a principal site of neuroestradiol production by aromatase. This project utilized the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LZ) alongside combinatory high‐resolution microdissection/Western blotting to address the premise that neuroestradiol governance of VMN metabolic sensory neuron protein marker [neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); glutamate decarboxylase65/67 (GAD)] expression is sex‐dimorphic. Glycogen metabolism impacts VMN nNOS and GAD profiles; here, LZ treatment effects on VMN glycogen synthase (GS) and phosphorylase brain‐ (GPBB; glucoprivic‐sensitive) and muscle (GPMM; norepinephrine‐sensitive) variant proteins were examined. VMN aromatase protein content was equivalent between the sexes; intracerebroventricular LZ infusion of testes‐intact male and ovariectomized, estradiol‐replaced female rats blocked insulin (INS)‐induced hypoglycemia up‐regulation of this profile. LZ elicited sex‐contingent changes in basal VMN nNOS and GAD expression, but blocked INS‐induced NO stimulation and GAD suppression in each sex. INS caused LZ‐reversible GPBB augmentation or suppression in male versus female, respectively. Male and female VMN GPMM content was correspondingly unchanged or decreased by INS; LZ reduced baseline GPMM expression in females only, but did not attenuate INS regulation in either sex. LZ correspondingly down‐ or up‐regulated baseline pyruvate recycling pathway marker protein expression in males (glutaminase) and females (malic enzyme‐1), and altered INS effects on the same proteins. Results show that neuroestradiol is required in each sex for optimal VMN metabolic transmitter signaling of hypoglycemia‐associated energy deficiency. Locally‐generated estradiol steroid involvement in sex‐specific hypoglycemic patterns of VMN glucoprivic‐sensitive GPBB expression may correlate with sex‐dimorphic glycogen mobilization during this metabolic stress. Neuroestradiol may also exert sex‐specific effects on glucogenic amino acid energy yield by actions on distinctive enzyme targets in each sex.
Triple helix formation by oligonucleotides on DNA extended to the physiological pH range

We report here that oligodeoxyribonucleotides which contain 5-bromouracil (Br^5U) and 5-methylcytosine (m^5C) bind duplex DNA at the same homopurine target sequence as their T/C analogues but with greater affinities and over an extended pH range. Oligonucleotides containing uracil (U) bind with lower affinity (Figure 1).
A comparative study of the effects of the root endophytes Leptodontidium orchidicola and Phialocephala fortinii (Fungi Imperfecti) on the growth of some subalpine plants in culture

Resynthesis studies were done to determine the ecological role of Leptodontidium orchidicola, a dematiaceous hyphomycete commonly associated with roots of plants growing in cool and humus-rich soils. Results were compared with those of Phialocephala fortinii, another common root endophyte with similar cultural and vegetative characteristics. In axenic culture with Salix glauca seedlings, L. orchidicola caused a marked increase in host root length but also invaded the stele, causing extensive cellular lysis. Phialocephala fortinii formed a Hartig net and a thin, patchy mantle. In pot monocultures with Potentilla fruticosa, Dryas octopetala, S. glauca, and Picea glauca seedlings, the effects of four L. orchidicola strains on host dry weight were strain- and host-specific; the effects of Phialocephala fortinii were also host-specific. Leptodontidium orchidicola formed a range of symbiotic associations that could be considered mycorrhizal to parasitic, whereas the effects of Phialocephala fortinii suggest ame.
Sucrose Penetration and Functionality of Frozen Trout Muscle Affected by Tumbling Conditions

ABSTRACT The effect of tumbling (vacuum pressure: 0, 50, 70 kPa; speed: 7, 14 rpm; time: 30, 60 min) on sucrose penetration into trout muscle was studied when trout chunks were tumbled with 4% (w/w) powdered sucrose. In addition, the cryoprotective action of sucrose in those tumbled muscle was evaluated at -20°C for 24 wk. Sucrose content, expressed as mg/cm2 of exposed area, increased linearly from the center to the periphery of muscle chunks. Vacuum during tumbling and extended tumbling time increased sucrose content of the center portion. Through 24 wk of frozen storage, all tumbling treatments had lower thaw loss and higher gel hardness and cohesiveness than the non-tumbled treatment. Tumbling with 70 kPa vacuum at 7 rpm for 30 min was optimum for sucrose penetration and muscle functionality.
Under‐ice blooms and source‐water odour in a nutrient‐poor reservoir: biological, ecological and applied perspectives

1. Algal taste and odour is usually associated with open water blooms and eutrophic systems. However, some algal species can produce high biomass under ice-cover, even at low nutrient concentrations, that can impact water quality. This paper describes a winter odour outbreak in oligotrophic Glenmore Reservoir (Calgary, Alberta, Canada), the major algal species, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and some treatment implications. 2. Using sensory, chemical and microscope analyses, we monitored odour, algal biomass and taxa, bacteria and major nutrients. In a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of standard water treatment with this type of algal biomass and odour, we used bench-scale tests and sampled raw water from the Glenmore treatment plant at successive treatment stages. 3. In the winter of 1999–2000 Glenmore ice-cover was delayed, nutrients were characteristically low (TP < ∼5 μg L–1), but organic carbon and bacteria were higher than in previous years. 4. During this period there was an increase in algal biomass dominated by the mixotrophic chrysoflagellate Dinobryon divergens. Temporal dynamics of this species were inversely correlated with bacteria, and biomass declined following the establishment of ice-cover, while depth profiles showed the highest abundance at subsurface layers. This suggested that the population outbreak was triggered by high bacteria abundance but depended on a minimum amount of light, consistent with in vitro studies of other mixotrophic chrysophytes. 5. Other non-bactiverous taxa were also numerous, notably Asterionella formosa, cryptomonads, dinoflagellates and the synurophyte Synura petersenii. 6. Raw water odour was characteristically fishy, mainly caused by the VOCs 2,4,7-decatrienal, 2,4-heptadienal and 2,4-decadienal. Based on algal population and VOC dynamics, these compounds were attributed to Dinobryon. Trace amounts of 2,6-nonadienal (S. petersenii) and 1,3,5 and 1,3,6-octatriene (A. formosa) were also detected. It was concluded that 2,4,7-decatrienal was the major source of the raw water odour. 7. Sensory and microscopic analyses of pre- and post-treatment samples in the treatment plant indicated a complete removal of odour, but only a 30–60% removal of algal biomass and evident rupture of residual algal cells. Laboratory experiments showed that using standard treatment, chlorination rapidly oxidized 2,4,7-decatrienal and 2,6-nonadienal but had little effect on 2,4-hepta- and decadienal.
Lignan biosynthesis in forsythia species

Both (+)-pinoresinol 6a in Forsythia suspensa and (–)-secoisolariciresinol 14a in F. intermedia are formed via a direct stereochemically-controlled coupling of coniferyl alcohol 2 derived moieties (cf. the typical peroxidase-catalysed reaction in the presence of H2O2), and the dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, (–)-matairesinol 10a, in F. intermedia is formed from a post-coupling modification of (–)-secoisolariciresinol 14a; this transformation has been demonstrated in vivo, and in vitro with a crude enzyme preparation, and represents the first report of an enzyme specifically involved in lignan biosynthesis.
Success rates for instrumental insemination of carbon dioxide and nitrogen anaesthetised honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens

Summary This study assessed the usefulness of CO2/N2 mixtures for anaesthetising queen bees (Apis mellifera) in instrumental insemination. Of 98 instrumentally inseminated queens, 31 were anaesthetised with 40% CO2 and 60% N2, 32 with 60% CO2 and 40% N2, and 33 with 100% CO2. The gas composition did not affect the proportion of queens starting oviposition, which were: 85.3% for 40% CO2 and 60% N2; 87.9% for 60% CO2 and 40% N2; and 83.9% for 100% CO2. On average, queens started oviposition significantly earlier in the treatments using 60% CO2 and 40% N2 (at 7.2 ± 4.0 days after insemination) and 100% CO2 (at 8.1 ± 4.2 days) than those treated with 40% CO2 and 60% N2 (at 10.3 ± 4.1 days).
A Multivariate Morphometric Study of Species Relationships in Kangaroo Paws (Anigozanthos Labill. And Macropidia Drumm. ex. Harv.: Haemodoraceae)

Multivariate morphometric analyses of floral and leaf structure and an examination of seed morphology of the 12 kangaroo paw species were undertaken to clarify taxonomic issues and phylogenetic relationships in the group. The study demonstrates substantial morphological differences between Macropidia Drumm. ex Harv. and Anigozanthos Labill. , and argues for their reinstatement as separate genera. Sufficient differences among A. bicolor Endl. , A. gabrielae Domin and A. viridis Endl, are also established to justify their recognition as valid taxonomic species. Other groups of closely related Anigozanthos species are identified and the division of the genus into only two sections, Anigozanthos and Haplanthesis, characterized by branched and unbranched flowering stems, is advocated. Phylogenetic trends based on morphological relationships are discussed.
ANALISIS PENGUNGKAPAN MODAL MANUSIA (HUMAN CAPITAL DISCLOSURE): STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN PUBLIK DI INDONESIA

The purposes of this study are to explore the practice of disclosure of human capital in listed companies in Indonesia and investigate the determinant factors and the benefits obtained by stakeholders from the disclosure of human capital information. This research was conducted using the content analysis method of the 40 Indonesian public companies' annual reports, followed by interviews with two companies with the highest disclosures based on the results of content analysis. The result showed that human capital disclosures are still diverse, with mandatory information as the most disclosed information. The study found that: business focus; company strategy; organizational change; and current issues, influenced the human capital information disclosure. Some of the benefits include: closing information gaps about the company's challenges and achievements; showing manifestation of corporate responsibility; help companies to get the best human resources; improve company image; and presenting management commitment to the policies that have been implemented. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi praktik pengungkapan informasi modal manusia pada perusahaan-perusahaan Indonesia dan menyelidiki faktor penentu dan manfaat yang diperoleh pemangku kepentingan dari pengungkapan informasi modal manusia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis konten 40 laporan tahunan perusahaan publik di Indonesia, diikuti wawancara dengan dua perusahaan dengan pengungkapan tertinggi berdasarkan hasil analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengungkapan modal manusia masih beragam, dengan informasi wajib sebagai informasi yang paling banyak diungkapkan. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa: fokus bisnis; strategi perusahaan; perubahan organisasi; dan isu terkini, memengaruhi pengungkapan informasi modal manusia. Beberapa manfaat pengungkapan antara lain: menutup kesenjangan informasi tentang tantangan dan capaian perusahaan; menunjukkan bentuk tanggung jawab perusahaan; membantu perusahaan mendapatkan sumber daya manusia terbaik; meningkatkan citra perusahaan; dan menunjukkan komitmen manajemen atas kebijakan yang telah diterapkan
Coming-of-Age Characterization of Soil Viruses: A User’s Guide to Virus Isolation, Detection within Metagenomes, and Viromics

The study of soil viruses, though not new, has languished relative to the study of marine viruses. This is particularly due to challenges associated with separating virions from harboring soils. Generally, three approaches to analyzing soil viruses have been employed: (1) Isolation, to characterize virus genotypes and phenotypes, the primary method used prior to the start of the 21st century. (2) Metagenomics, which has revealed a vast diversity of viruses while also allowing insights into viral community ecology, although with limitations due to DNA from cellular organisms obscuring viral DNA. (3) Viromics (targeted metagenomics of virus-like-particles), which has provided a more focused development of ‘virus-sequence-to-ecology’ pipelines, a result of separation of presumptive virions from cellular organisms prior to DNA extraction. This separation permits greater sequencing emphasis on virus DNA and thereby more targeted molecular and ecological characterization of viruses. Employing viromics to characterize soil systems presents new challenges, however. Ones that only recently are being addressed. Here we provide a guide to implementing these three approaches to studying environmental viruses, highlighting benefits, difficulties, and potential contamination, all toward fostering greater focus on viruses in the study of soil ecology.