Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical features of a truly longitudinal study

This paper focuses on methodological issues in designing and conducting a longitudinal study of teachers' careers, as being explored by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The paper outlines the need for data in four areas (teachers' worklives, teacher quality, the context of teaching, and teachers' career paths) and identifies six core design principles relevant to the study of teachers' careers. The six principles are: (1) collect truly longitudinal data; (2) view "time" as both an outcome and a predictor; (3) collect data on both time-varying and time-invariant measures; (4) collect data prospectively when necessary; (5) corlect data in multiple base years; and (6) collect data from all relevant levels in the organizational hierarchy. The paper outlines several design alternatives that flow from these principles, evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of these alternatives, and prioritizes the concerns. The paper focuses on the topics of designating the target population and the specific sample to be tracked, as well as the length and periodicity of data collection. The paper suggests that NCES conduct several small-scale intensive data collection efforts--some of which could be embedded in the larger study, others of which should be condvcted as pilot studies to be fielded before the full-fledged data collection effort. (Contains 15 references.)
How Do Teachers and Students Interact to Create the Outcomes of Education

AUTHOR Peck, Robert F. TITLE How Do Teachers and Students Interact to Create the Outcomes of Education? INSTITUTION Texas Univ., Austin. Research and Development Center for Teacher Education. SPONS AGENCY Rational Inst. of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Nov 75 CONTRACT NE-C-00-3-0066 NOTE 26p. ; Paper presented at the Rational Invitational Conference on Research on Teacher Effects: An Examination by Policy Makers and Researchers (Austin, Texas, November 3-5, 1975)
The analysis of the flying wing in morphing concept

The combination between the flying wing morphing concept and the use of modern command and control system offers exponential advantages having a leverage effect in the economy and research. The flying wing architecture has the advantage of low cost against efficiency, the morphing of this concept defining the new characteristic frontiers and aerodynamic performances which derive immediately. On designing an unmanned aerial vehicle for a various range of missions, its lifting surface needs to display optimal geometrical features, so that the UAV may maintain the induced drag and the moment coefficient at reasonable levels. The command and control of the lifting surfaces in morphing concept offer characteristics and in-flight performances at a superior level. The limits of the system depend on the reliability of the execution elements and the grade of accuracy for the control laws which are implemented in the calculation module. The paper aims at presenting an analysis regarding the robotic air systems of flying wing type through the aerodynamic analysis and with the help of specific software instruments. The performances and flight qualities depend directly on the geometry of the lifting surface of the aerial vehicle.
Cause and Consequence of Cross Border Illegal Migration from SouthWollo, Ethiopia

Developing countries such as Ethiopia the phenomenon of cross border Illegal migration which is mainly triggered by rural 'push' causes than urban 'pull' causes is the main cause of unbalanced rate of population growth and distribution between urban and rural areas in origin and destination states. This situation in turn affects the healthy development of both urban and rural areas. In spite of this fact, not much in known on many of the recent aspects of illegal migration. The present study of migration from Kutaber is mainly concerned with an assessment of the major causes and consequences of cross border illegal migration of people from rural- urban areas to foreign countries mainly to Gulf States. To achieve the objective 120 household heads were selected randomly from three kebeles of the woreda to Schedule interview. Both primary and secondary data were employed and were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Key informant interview and focus group discussions were prepared to generate information about the cause and consequences of illegal migration from Kutaber Woreda. Some of the causes of illegal migration are: land fragmentation, poverty, drought, need to join friends and relatives, income generation, the search for job and urban amenities, un coordinated activity of legal emigration process, and facilities in desired state are the most important. The study shown that the large family size and small land holding exposed to cross border illegal migration. Many of the migrants encountered problems at the initial period of adjustment and adaptation and even while traveling in night forest and coastal areas. While negative side of illegal migration is moral deterioration, Dept crisis, work load on migrant and remaining family, rejection by their families, and the community as they failed to meet expectations to return with adequate material wealth.
Parametric wave growth in a frequency integrated wave model

Waves in coastal waters play a role in forecasting storm conditions, as boundary conditions for the assessment of coastal risk and in coastal structure design. Assessment of their impact can be made through numerical modeling. In a forecasting context, the CPU time of the wave model is decisive in its suitability. Recent years wave model approaches have been to describe both linear and non-linear generation, dissipation and transfer processes in the wave spectrum explicitly. This resulted in computationally demanding tools. Such models are very suitable for research purposes or for design and assessment if time is available, but are rather heavy tools for forecasting applications on larger scales. Parametric models describe the wave spectrum through characteristics in a smaller solution space compared to spectral models, which makes them potentially faster solvers. In this thesis the suitability for forecasting of a spectrally integrated approach to the wave action balance is investigated. The stationary wave drivers from the storm impact assessment model XBeach were taken as a starting point. A second balance equation was identified to model the evolution of the mean period. In estuaries and behind shoals, locally generated waves can be dominant over offshore wave conditions. As part of the project, a wave generation mechanism is developed for the modified wave drivers based on prediction relations for growth of wind-waves under fetch-limited conditions. The two-equation approach was discretized and tested in a 1D Matlab model and the solution was proven to converge towards the literature prescribed growth curves for total wave energy and mean wave period. This approach was then implemented in the unstructured Frequency Integrated wave drivers in D-Flow FM. The implementation has been verified through semi-1D test cases and showed convergence behavior equal to the Matlab model. A hindcast of a 1982 storm in the Haringvliet was performed to compare the model skill of the unstructured frequency integrated model (FIM-FM) to the spectral wave model SWAN. In this hindcast the model skill of FIM-FM is comparable to SWAN for significant wave height and mean wave period for all locations apart from directly behind a shoal. Depth and wave height dependence of bottom friction coefficients should be studied in more validation cases to improve the prediction of wave steepening over shoals. Further research should also look into the iterative method in the solver for stationary solutions of the model equations to realize faster CPU time of a stationary problem. Although not established in this thesis, faster CPU time compared to a spectral model like SWAN should be possible based on the reduction of the solution space.
The hygroscopic properties and sorption isosteric heats of different Chinese wheat types.

The moisture sorption isotherm data of fourteen Chinese wheat varieties were determined using the static gravimetric method at five different temperatures (10, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ° C) and relative humidity ranging from 11.3 to 96%. Eight models, namely Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, CAE, Chen-Clayton, Modified-Chung-Pfost (MCPE), Modified-Henderson, Modified-Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer, and Modified-Oswin and Strohman-Yoerger, were used to fit the sorption data. MCPE shows the best fitting results. A significant hysteresis effect was found between wheat desorption and adsorption isotherm at lower ERH, but the similar hygroscopic properties remained for different wheat types like hard vs. soft, red vs. white, and winter vs. spring, respectively. The experimental results show that the isosteric heats for both wheat adsorption and desorption, and all the sorption heats for different wheat types decrease rapidly with increasing seed moisture initially, however, after the moisture is more than 15% w.b. they decrease tardily with increasing moisture content. The isosteric heats of wheat desorption were considerably higher than those of adsorption below 17.5% m.c. , but the similar sorption isosteric heats were found for wheat types like hard vs. soft, red vs. white, or winter vs. spring, respectively. It is concluded that the wheat grains from different types have similar hygroscopic properties and sorption isosteric heats and can be synchronously dealt with during physical control in storage.
RECONSTRUCTING CLOUD FREE SPOT/VEGETATION USING HARMONIC ANALYSIS WITH LOCAL MAXIMUM FITTING

The satellite data of low resolution such as SPOT/VEGETATI ON, NOAA/AVHRR and TERRA/MODIS etc. are very effective in vegetation analysis on global scale. Especially, the satellite data that are observed everyday is suitable for time series analysis such as illegal logging, forest fire, seasonal vegetation change and forest change. But, in these satellite data noises due to influence of cloud and mosaic are included, and disturb due analysis. The result is always an image with data gaps. This study aims to reconstruct time-series data without cloud, noise and gap. Basic ideas used for the reconstruction are Harmonic Analysis and Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) algorithm. We tried to reconstruct smooth and gapless data. This Harmonic Reconstruction(HR) process was applied to 36-image series of SPOT/VEGETATION S10 product NDVI data of 1 year covering most Asian region. S10 product is 10 days synthesis by Maximum NDVI method. First, Local Maximum Fitting was conducted to exclude abnormal data. Next, amplitude strength and phase parameter classified by period were calculated by Harmonic Analysis. By fitting these in cosine equation, the data were reconstructed. As a result, it could reproduce smooth data with which influence of cloud and noise is little. In addition, it should be noted that specification of the used PC and the remote sensing software are not more than standard ones. It could also save the processing time by 90% or more in comparison with the ones by other similar model fitting process. For user’s convenience difficult programming is not necessary and this process is simple to handle.
Carbon storage in a fragmented landscape of Atlantic forest: the role played by emergent tree species

Patterns of carbon retention and distribution across human-modified landscapes have been poorly investigated. In this paper carbon distribution across three forest habitats of a fragmented Atlantic forest landscape in northeast Brazil is examined. Data on tree assemblages (DBH ≥10 cm) inhabiting forest interior stands, forest edges and fragments (2.05365 ha) were obtained via information from 59 0.1-ha plots (a total of 4,845 stems and 198 tree species), and it was further incorporated in four allometric equations for estimation of above-ground biomass and carbon. Stocks of carbon were highly variable within habitats of Serra Grande, but forest interior plots retained almost three times more carbon (202.8 ± 23.7 TonC/ha) than edge and fragment plots, while these edge-affected habitats exhibited similar scores. Moreover, emergent tree species accounted for the majority of the carbon retained (59.13%) in interior plots with understorey species playing a minor role. However, carbon retained by emergent species decreased by a half across forest edges and forest fragment since large stems (> 70 cm DBH) and very tall trees (> 31 m height) were very rare in these habitats. Finally, a forest cover mapping revealed the occurrence of 213.19 km of forest interior habitat in the whole Atlantic forest of northeast Brazil. This figure means that only 8% of total remaining forest habitat has a full potential for carbon storage, with the other 92% (edge-affected habitats) storing just a half of that. Our results suggest that habitat fragmentation and the consequent establishment of edge-affected habitats (forest edges and fragments) drastically limit forest capacity for carbon storage across human-modified landscapes since the loss of carbon due to reduced abundance of large trees is not compensated by either canopy or understorey species.
Different estrus induction protocols and fixed time artificial insemination during the anoestrous period in non-lactating Kivircik ewes

The efficiency of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) sponges or norgestomet ear implants (half or entire) for synchronizing and inducing the estrous cycle in non-lactating Kivircik ewes was investigated during the natural non-breeding period. Ewes were treated for 11 days either with 60 mg MAP sponges (group 1, n=27) or with 1.5 mg norgestomet (group 2, n=25) or with 3 mg norgestomet (group 3, n=27) ear implants. In addition, each ewe received an intramuscular injection of 500 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 125 μg cloprostenol (PGF2α), 48 h prior to progestagen removal. Double Cervical Artificial Insemination (AI) with diluted fresh semen was performed at a fixed time (36 and 48 h) following progestagen withdrawal. Mean values for estrous detection rates at the first 12 ± 6 h and within 72 h, the time from progestagen removal to the onset of estrous, the duration of the induced estrous and pregnancy rate were found to be 46.8%, 86.1%, 26.1 ± 7.3 h, 27.0 ± 10.7 h and 27.8%, respectively. There were significant differences between groups 2 and 3 in the time of induced estrous onset (P<0.05). These results indicate that, each of the three protocols was equally efficient in inducing and synchronizing estrus in non-lactating Kivircik ewes during the natural non-breeding period.
Effect of carob pulp on growing performances, nutritional, and technological quality of meat and perirenal fat from goat

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of condensed tannins (CTs) distribution using carob pulp in diet on meat and carcass quality and growth performance of kids. Three diets with 0%, 25%, and 45% of carob pulp (C0, C5 and C10, respectively) were distributed to 3 groups of kids from weaning to slaughter at 6 months of age. C5 kids showed highest ADG90-180 and final weight at 180 days (73.33 g/day; 18.50 kg respectively) . Meat moisture, fat, pH and water retention showed no variation. However, C5 contains more protein (P 0.05). The same result was observed for perirenal fat. Omega 6 and C18:1n9 experienced an increase in meat from goats fed with the C10 diet (P>0.05). Carob use in kids diet is accompanied by an improvement of protein and desirable fatty acids, especially linoleic acid, in meat.
Modeling of population growth for the European bison Bison bonasus

The paper presents first attempt of modeling the population of European bison kept at Island of Bornholm. The tool FITOM v.1 was created and compared with results of one commonly used programs RAMAS. It was found that results obtained in this way were underestimated. Following this early pilot study the program will be developed.
An Associative Concept Dictionary for Natural Language Processing: Text Summarization and Word Sense Disambiguation

We constructed an Associative Concept Dictionary based on the results from large-scale association experiments with participants in order to develop simulation models and systems of understanding natural language. In this paper, we first briefly explain the construction of this dictionary and describe its unique features; we then show how to apply it to text summarization and word sense disambiguation. The text summarization method uses this dictionary for calculating the importance scores of sentences. A Contextual Semantic Network that includes the semantic relations and quantitative distance information among words is constructed as a model of human contextual understanding using this dictionary. We compare the quality of the summarization with that of human participants and that using conventional methods such as term frequencies. Our method shows that the quality of summarization is better than that of conventional methods. The word sense disambiguation method uses a Dynamic Contextual Network Model constructed using this dictionary. An interactive activation method on the network is used in this system as a model for the human dynamic contextual understanding to identify a word`s meaning. The results show that such dynamic features are effective.
Task Specific Trajectory Profile Selection for Energy Efficient Servo Drive Movements

The energy demand of applications using in- verter controlled electrical servo drives is considerably de- pendent on the applied trajectory profiles. In this paper, the improvement potential in supply energy consumption is an- alyzed with respect to the standard servo controller func- tionality. The optimal choice of trajectory profiles and ex- ecution times for point-to-point movements offers distinct energy savings. From the presented results, a number of general trajectory parametrization advices of even roughly known system characteristics can be derived. Even with lit- tle effort and without knowledge of exact system parameters, considerable energy savings are achievable.
Numerical Solution of the Cavitation over Axisymmetric Bodies using Boundary Element Method Based on Potential

In this paper, supercavitation and partial cavitation over axisymmetric bodies have been solved, using the Boundary Element Method (BEM), based on potential. In this method, the cavity and the wetted surface of the body will be estimated by some panels. Then, the cavitation will be modeled, by means of Green's third identity integral. For this purpose, the rings of the sources are distributed on the cavity surface, and the ring of the dipoles is distributed on the body and the cavity surface. The high velocity and also proper accuracy in calculating the geometry of the cavity and the drag coefficient are considerable advantages of this method.
Speciation-based genetic algorithm in analog circuit design

This paper presents a speciation procedure that improves the local search capability of the genetic algorithm in analog circuit design. There is no need for additional circuit simulation in order to apply this procedure. The procedure is tested in Gaussian, sigmoid, cube, and square circuit design problems. Two sets of 125 simulations with the same seed values are performed for each problem using both the proposed procedure and the canonical genetic algorithm. The simulation results show that the method is statistically better than the canonical genetic algorithm, which suffers from bad locality. The effects of the population size and speciation threshold coefficient on the performance of the speciation algorithm are investigated. Condence intervals of the simulation results are calculated. The results show that the speciation procedure improves the quality of solutions with at least 99% condence, and the effectiveness of the method, which is statistically determined, increases in small populations.
Similar Rates of Decrease of Persistent, Hydrophobic and Particle-Reactive Contaminants in Riverine Systems

Although it is well-known that concentrations of anthropogenic radionuclides and organochlorine compounds in aquatic systems have decreased since their widespread release has stopped in the United States, the magnitude and variability of rates of decrease are not well-known. Paleolimnological studies of reservoirs provide a tool for evaluating these long-term trends in riverine systems. Rates of decrease from the 1960s to the 1990s of {sup 137}Cs, PCBs, and total DDT in dated sediment cores from 11 reservoirs in the eastern and central United States were modeled using first-order rate models. Mean half-times of 10.0 ({+-}2.5), 9.5 ({+-}2.2), and 13 ({+-}5.8) yr for decay-corrected {sup 137}Cs, PCBs, and total DDT, respectively, are surprisingly similar. Similar rates of decrease in a few reservoirs are also demonstrated for chlordane and lead. Conceptual and simple mathematical models relating two soil distributions of {sup 137}Cs to trends in the cores provide insight into differences in trends between watersheds with different land uses and suggest that trends are controlled by erosion, transport, mixing, and deposition of sediments. These results, supported by similar trends reported for other settings and environmental media, could provide an estimate of the decadal response time of riverine systems to changes in the regulationmore » of other persistent hydrophobic or particle-reactive contaminants. « less
Does the reaction time to visual stimuli contribute to performance in judo

Background Previous studies suggest the choice reaction time to visual stimuli is very important in practice of judo and can be improved by training. The aim of this study is the contribution to the performance in judo of simple and choice reaction time to visual stimuli, to the upper limbs and also to identify the differences between the populations, because we consider that acoustic, vestibular, tactile and kinaesthetic stimuli could also be involved in making quick decisions during the judo fights. Material & methods: We used a total of 28 male subjects, aged 18-25, taken from two groups respectively. The first group (control) was composed of 20 students in physical education and sport (group 1), the second group was composed of 8 athletes practicing judo with great experience (group 2). The method used allows indirect measurement of reaction time. Results: The simple reaction time has similar values to all the research groups (238.79±6.8 ms to group 1 and 233.6±5.0 ms to group 2). Also, the choice reaction time to group 2 (404.19±11.0 ms at the dominant hand and 409.0±13.6 ms at the non-dominant hand) is not significantly lower (p>0.05) as compared to group 1 (421.34±9.5 ms and 425.9±10.2 ms). We also have not found significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant hands (p>0.05). Conclusions: The results of the study are probably due to the specific training and competition within judo, where the visual receptors probably have not an essential contribution to performance.
Dark Matter and the Dynamics of Galaxies: a Newtonian Approach

In this paper I propose a correction to the well-known Newtonian gravitational potential, a correction which explains the form of the radial velocities as a function of the discoid galaxies radii. The main scope of this work is to find a correction to the Newtonian gravitational potential which has to fulfil two major conditions: a) to take into account the entire amount of the experimental data; b) the resulting potential to be a consequence of condition a) from a physical perspective. As a result, the corrected form of the Newtonian gravitational potential was found to belong to a physical cause and this cause can be the existence of the dark matter, evenly distributed within galaxies. This distribution makes dark matter to act as a binder for ordinary matter, so that the discoid galaxies not rotate as a fluid (as standard Newtonian theory states), but as some rigid frames (as the observational data state).