Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular markers for study of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) I. The review of marker techniques.

Modern molecular biology is the continuous source of new techniques that can be applied to obtain genetic markers, including, first of all, molecular (DNA) markers. Such markers are widely used for study of oilseed rape. Their application in breeding can speed up the formation of new varieties. Molecular markers can generate the progress in study of various genomes. There are many cases of their use for relationship analysis or variety identification. The review of marker techniques, both those already applied and as yet not applied for study on oilseed rape, is presented here. In this review past and present methods are described according to the sequence of their invention and use. The prospects of new technologies that may be used for marker development in the near future are also mentioned. Marcin Matuszczak 130
An anisotropic elastoplastic constitutive model for large strain analysis of ®ber reinforced composite materials

In this work a generalized anisotropic elastoplastic constitutive model for the large strain analysis of ®ber-reinforced composite materials in the frame of the mixing theory and the ®nite element method is presented. The isotropic equivalent formulation proposed assumes the existence of a ®ctitious isotropic space where a mapped ®ctitious problem is solved. Both real anisotropic and ®ctitious spaces are related by means of linear fourth-order transformation tensors that contain the complete information about the real anisotropic material. Details of the numerical implementation of the model into a non-linear or large strain ®nite element solution scheme are provided. Application examples showing the performance of the model for analysis of ®ber reinforced composite materials are given. Ó 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
Personality Traits and turnover intentions of salespersons in FMCG Pakistan

Abstract: Drawing on the Trait Activation Theory, the purpose of this study is to examine how some employees are more susceptible to turnover intentions because of the personality characteristics they exhibit. At this point, the employees’ turnover intentions have become a burning issue, and much research has conducted to understand the nature, causes, and consequences of turnover intentions. The current study explores the impact of personality traits on the salespersons' turnover intentions working in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. A sample of 230 salespersons examined from the survey method. This study suggests that the social information processing found within the subordinates’ personality traits influence whether they are more or less likely to perceive turnover intentions. The implications of this research highlight the benefits essential for the organization, management, and researchers for recruitment and retention.
Effect of SRI (System of Rice Intensification) practices on the yield attributes, yield and water productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Field experiments were conducted during the wet and dry seasons of 2002 and 2003 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Farm, Coimbatore, India to study the effect of practices recommended in the system of rice intensification (SRI) on the yield attributes, yield and water productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiments were laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were i) using 21-day-old (conventional) or 14-day-old (dapog nursery) seedlings; ii) crop geometry at 15 × 10 cm, 20 × 20 cm or 25 × 25 cm; iii) irrigation at 5.0 cm depth (conventional) or 2.0 cm depth when hair-line cracks developed (SRI); iv) weed control (conventional and SRI weeding), and v) nitrogen management (recommended and LCC-based N application) during the wet season of 2002. During the second crop season (dry season, 2003), all the treatments were repeated except nitrogen management, since there was no response to LCC-based N in the wet season. The treatments were slightly modified based .
Virulence of Paramoeba invadens Jones (Amoebida, Paramoebidae) from Monoxenic and Polyxenic Culture†

Paramoeba invadens is a pathogenic marine amoeba responsible for mass mortalities of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia in the early 1980's. The amoeba has been maintained in vivo in S. droebachiensis for five years in the laboratory without observable loss of virulence. Paramoeba invadens was cultured polyxenically (on mixed marine bacteria) and monoxenically (on a single strain of Pseudomonas nautica) on non-nutrient agar for 58 weeks and 19 weeks respectively. Pathogenicity tests showed some loss of virulence in monoxenic culture after 15 weeks and in polyxenic culture after 58 weeks. Polyxenic culture is recommended for long-term culture of P. invadens although periodic passage of the amoeba through the sea urchin host may be required to maintain virulence for periods exceeding one year.
Gastro-oesophageal cancer related malnutrition: a challenge case to manage

Gastro-esophageal cancer is a very common malignant tumours arising from the digestive tract. Hypoalbuminemia and weight loss often result from malnourishment. Malnourished patients have a higher incidence of mortality and morbidity causing prolonged hospital stay. To discuss the incidence and effects of Gastro-esophageal cancer related malnutrition and demonstrate different methods to solve this problem. The current review revealed that malnutrition increases the risk of complications and duration of stay in hospital and ICU in GIT cancer patients, as such, accounts for burden on ICU budget.
Effect of Human #5-Globin Chains on Cellular Properties of Red Cells from #l-Thalassemic Mice

The transgenic mouse system provides an in vivo setting in which to examine the effects on mouse red cells of hemoglobin genes that have been genetically introduced into the animals' genome. In this report, we have analyzed the cellular properties of red cells from homozygous f3-thalassemic mice (Hbb"'/Hbb"'), homozygous ,B-thalassemic transgenic mice containing a human 13-sickle (18) gene (Hbb"l/Hbbth-l + 08), and normal animals. The presence of human #'-globin chains in red cells from the Hbb"'/Hbbt"' + ,13 transgenic animals was noted to have a significant effect on cellular deformability and density distribution, as well as on the degree of anemia in these animals. We conclude from these studies that red cell deformability and density distribution is a sensitive means for assessing at the cellular level the effects ofglobin genes genetically introduced into whole organisms. In addition, these studies suggest that small decreases in the amount of excess a-globin chains can significantly ameliorate the severity of anemia in the fl-thalassemic mouse.
Verification of Token-Scaling Models using an Under-Approximation

In the model checking domain the state explosion problem is the core issue. The cause is usually the sheer size of the model or the cardinality of tokens in the initial state. For the latter, which we call token-scaling models , we propose an under-approximation for reachable states. The idea is to reduce the number of tokens in the initial state and thus reducing the state space. If in the reduced state space a witness path is found, then the witness path can also be executed in the original state space. This method preserves existential temporal properties (ECTL ∗ ) using a simulation relation between the reduced and the original state space. Since the cardinality of the initial marking varies from only a few tokens to multi-digit numbers of tokens, we apply heuristics to compute the number of tokens that should be removed. We implemented the new method in the explicit model checker LoLA 2. The experiments, done on the model checking contest benchmark, show that this method can speed up the model checking process and solve additional queries.
Overcoming Learning Difficulties

Health policies and public health studies in Bangladesh primarily focus on physical aspects of health, thus creating a gap in the literature regarding the assessment of the emotional-social environment for children and their developmental vulnerabilities. Interactions though literacy activities, such as shared reading times between child and parents, are possible ways to address the developmental and cognitive needs of children. This study explores the district-wise presence of books for children (aged 0–4 years) in households and identifies vulnerable households by exploring the association between sociodemographic status and household book ownership. The Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012–13 was used to map the spatial heterogeneity of average availability of children’s books, which revealed that ownership of age-appropriate books was clustered around divisional cities, with one exception. Around 65% of the households did not have any suitable books for children. The presence of children’s books was significantly (p< .005) associated with children’s age, mother’s age and education, financial status of the household, education of the head of the house, mother’s mobile phone ownership, and mother’s access to media (newspaper and television). Parents in high-income households and with highly educated mothers were nearly three times more likely to own children’s books. Similarly, parents in a household with the mother having a mobile phone were 42% more likely to own children’s books. The findings suggest that a household’s lack of financial capacity to purchase books, the role of public health media in promoting the mother’s awareness of the need for children’s books, and a lack of understanding of children’s cognitive developmental needs could be more effectively addressed in Bangladesh.
A field experiment using acoustic alarms (pingers) to reduce harbour porpoise by-catch in bottom-set gillnets

A field experiment with Dukane NetMark™ 1000 pingers was conducted in the bottom-set gillnet fishery for cod in the Swedish Skagerrak Sea between March and April 1997. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate (i) the effectiveness of pingers to reduce by-catch rate of harbour porpoises, and (ii) the effects of pingers on the catches of the target species in the fishery. The design of the study was based on a statistical power analysis and the results from observer programmes conducted 1995-1996 in the same area, fishery and time of year.The catches of cod, pollack and other fish species were not affected by the sound of the pingers in the active strings. No harbour porpoise was caught in any control or active string, which was a significantly lower by-catch rate than in the two previous years. This could not be explained by a reduction in fishing effort per se, a difference in the total catch of fish for consumption or a shift in the spatial distribution of the sets between the observer programmes and the pinger experiment. However, the spatial analyses demonstrated that the experimental strings were set parallel to the coast and along the 50 m isobath, and that the audible range of the active pingers on average covered 16% of the longitudinal length and 5% of the surface area of the experimental fishing area. A compilation of herring landings by Swedish fishermen operating in the Skagerrak Sea 1995-1997 suggests that herring were more abundant in 1997 than in 1995. Good access to food in other parts of the porpoises' distribution range and an aversive reaction to the ensonification could have caused their displacement in the fishing area.A displacement effect by pingers is likely to be more prominent in coastal waters where access to bodies of water is limited and the consequence may be serious if the area is critical to the survival of the porpoise population.
Active and passive joint position sense on healthy hips

Hip proprioception has been tested on various populations, but there is limited research on healthy young adults. Primary assessments of proprioception for hip have been on joint position sense (JPS), but fewer studies have accomplished this in an unconstraint testing apparatus with angular repositioning tasks. Purpose of this study was to examine effects of active and passive repositioning on hip JPS in healthy young adults. It was hypothesized that active JPS error scores would be lower compared to passive JPS error scores. There was a total of 15 subjects in the study. Digitization of anatomical landmarks were used to create a virtual coordinate system to estimate hip joint center. JPS protocol consisted of three different conditions, passive with hip trolley, active with hip trolley and active without hip trolley. All conditions tested three different target positions of 30°, 45° and 60° degrees of hip flexion. The results of absolute and constant JPS error scores revealed that there was a linear decrease in average absolute error score, which elicited a decrease in levels of muscular control during flexion and accuracy of reposition targets (p=.001). The reduction of error score in passive JPS tasks may have allowed for subjects to concentrate on target angles more, because of less demand for joint stabilization. Unfortunately, most research contradicts the stud . Future research should focus on possible variables that further contribute to hip proprioception. Particularly studying the effects of lower back stiffening and fascial interactions with hip muscle activation. Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge everyone who has played a role in my academic success. First, my parents and my fiancé. Without their encouragement, laughter and intelligence, I would not have had a breakthrough with my challenges of research and data collection efforts. Second, my committee board members, each has positively provided guidance, support and advice through my graduate school journey. I plan on taking what I have gleaned into my career and future academic adventures. Thank you.
Evaluation of two fixation techniques for direct observation of biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis in situ, on Congo red agar, using scanning electron microscopy

Background and Aim: Direct observation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a common method used for the observations of biofilms. N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide) (EDC) fixation method has proven to be a valuable fixation method in the observation of these biofilms. Still, it entails a method of biofilm fixation that can damage slim structures, leading to the impossible observation of biofilm development. In contrast, alcian blue and lysine (ABL) fixation technique appears more glycocalyx of biofilm, fully preserved samples, which may provide much insight into the development of B. subtilis biofilms. Materials and Methods: Here, the evaluation of the fixation of ABL technique for the study of B. subtilis biofilms was carried out in situ, on Congo red agar. In doing so, the comparison to commonly use conventional EDC technique for sample fixation, and observation was carried out. Observations were based on SEM over 30 samples. Results: Overall, ABL technique provided excellent observation of biofilms formed in situ, on Congo red agar, and revealed slime structures, which have not been observed, much in standard EDC fixation or earlier in other studies of these biofilms in B. subtilis. Conclusion: This study reported the appropriate use of ABL in the fixation technique for the preservation of biofilm of B. subtilis.
A Review of PCR-Based DNA Fingerprinting Using Arbitrary Primers in Tropical Ornamental Fishes of South-East Asia

DNA fingerprinting has assumed an important role in aquaculture and fisheries management. Molecular genetic markers have been developed into powerful tools to analyze genetic diversity and relationships among different aquatic species. Besides the varied techniques using polymorphic DNA markers, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers generated by Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR) have become ubiquitous and essential in aquaculture genetics. Single 9-20 base oligonucleotide primers with G+C contents ranging between 40-80% were randomly chosen for PCR to generate useful genomic fingerprints. DNA amplification products were resolved by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (dSDS-PAGE). Subsequent detection by silver staining could easily allow the visualization of fragments below 3.5 kb. The spectrum of amplified products varied with each primer-template combination but was consistent and reproducible under similar PCR conditions. The primers could detect polymorphisms in the absence of specific nucleotide sequence information of the fishes. Such DNA polymorphisms are especially useful for genotyping, taxonomic identification, population studies and genetic mapping. This approach is also applicable for assessing inbreeding levels and population structure within wild and cultivated fish and shrimp stocks. Here, we review the development, applications and advances of AP-PCR in elucidating DNA polymorphisms in tropical ornamental fishes. Genetic differences among species and strains, sexes, species- and phenotype-specific DNA polymorphisms, and applications of DNA marker-based approaches in fish breeding and management programmes are discussed.
Psychological interventions for depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Iranian chronic pain trials

Background: Chronic pain is commonly associated with anxiety and depression, making it more challenging to be managed. Psychological interventions are suggested for such complicated issues which are well evident in the United States and Europe. However, generalizing the evidence to Iranian population – as a Middle Eastern society – might be questionable. We aimed to synthesize our evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions among Iranian populations. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Persian and English literature were searched through Iran-doc, Elm-net, and PubMed until March 2019 using the following terms (or its Persian synonyms): chronic pain; persistent pain; chronic fatigue; fibromyalgia; neuropath*; LBP; irritable bowel; CFS; psycho*; cogniti*; acceptance; meaning; mindfulness; relaxation; biopsychosocial; rehabilitation; educat*. Eligible trials were randomized trials that evaluated the effectiveness of psychological interventions on Iranian adults with chronic pain. No setting restriction was considered. Risk of bias for each trial was assessed, and the random-effect model was used to pool summary effect across trials. Results: In all 30 eligible RCTs, the risk of bias for randomization was low except for one study. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for depression and anxiety were 1.33 (95%CI: -1.42 to -0.68) and 1.25 (95% CI: -1.55 to -0.96), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that psychological interventions are highly effective in reducing depression and anxiety in Iranian patients with chronic pain, compared to what observed in the U.S. and European studies. However, there are still some methodological issues to be addressed. Future research should focus on high-quality trials with considerations on the methodological issues reported in the present study.
A Measurement Study on the Advertisements Displayed to Web Users Coming from the Regular Web and from Tor

Online advertising is an effective way for businesses to find new customers and expand their reach to a great variety of audiences. Due to the large number of participants interacting in the process, advertising networks act as brokers between website owners and businesses facilitating the display of advertisements. Unfortunately, this system is abused by cybercriminals to perform illegal activities such as malvertising. In this paper, we perform a measurement of malvertising from the user point of view. Our goal is to collect advertisements from a regular Internet connection and using The Onion Router in an attempt to understand whether using different technologies to access the Web could influence the probability of infection. We compare the data from our experiments to find differences in the malvertising activity observed. We show that the level of maliciousness is similar between the two types of accesses. Nevertheless, there are significant differences related to the malicious landing pages delivered in each type of access. Our results provide the research community with insights into how ad traffic is treated depending on the way users access Web content.
Effect of Consistent Exploration in Dynamic Environments: Does Trust Work in Competitions?

In open multiagent systems, agents need to model their environments in order to identify trustworthy ones to carry out their business. Models of the environment should be accurate so that decisions about whom to interact with can be done soundly. However, this is not sufﬁcient in dynamic environments where agents’ behaviors change unpredictably. Thus, consistent exploration is required to keep the models updated with recent ﬁndings. We provide two types of agents, one that builds a traditional trust model, and one that uses reinforcement learning. We prepare experiments on the competition environment ART Testbed, and provide results supporting our claim that exploration is key in dynamic environments to maintain a working model of trust.
Effect of exercise on lipolysis in adipose tissue

Adipose tissue is a major source of nonesterified fatty acids, which are involved in the etiopathogenesis of several metabolic diseases. Mechanisms regulating the processes of lipolysis are of major importance because they represent potential drug targets. Physical exercise is a cost-effective prevention strategy and important therapy for civilization diseases and is an important physiological stimulus of lipolysis in adipose tissue. Besides the traditional role of catecholamines in the regulation of lipolysis, other recently described lipolytic factors, for example, atrial natriuretic peptide and IL-6, are discussed in the context of lipolysis. In vitro as well as in vivo studies provide a substantial amount of data, which are sometimes contradictory. Exercise modifies the functional balance between β and α adrenergic receptors, increases atrial natriuretic peptide-induced lipolysis and improves sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin. Actual lipolytic rate is the summary of these complex interactions.
Specifics of Motor Skills and Motor Learning in Children with ADHD*

The thesis deals with an analysis of the theoretical basis of a systematic approach to defining motor skills and motor-learning processes in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity. It is based on various methodological approaches and analyses that help us identify the specific nature of motor ability in children with ADHD. We analyze in detail the principles and determinants of motor-skill development in the ontogenesis of children with ADHD, who have limited proprioception and movement planning, bilateral integration, and psychomotor adaptation. An effort has been made to show the mutual effect motor skills and mental skills have on the bilateral formation of cognitive processes and motor-learning processes, and to suggest potential solutions to behav ioral and educational, and social and emotional problems in practice.