Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of inhaled methoxyflurane for procedural analgesia in children

Background: Methoxyflurane (MF), a potent volatile anesthetic, can be used as an analgesic in subanesthetic concentrations. In Australia, MF is extensively used in children and adults as an analgesic in the prehospital setting via a hand‐held inhaler device. We conducted a pilot study to explore its use as a patient controlled analgesic for painful procedures in children in the emergency department (ED).
Alcohol-induced Modulation of Signaling Pathways in Liver Parenchymal and Nonparenchymal Cells: Implications for Immunity

Alcoholic liver injury involves a complex array of derangements in cellular signaling of hepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells as well as cells of the immune system. In the hepatocyte, chronic ethanol abuse leads to lipid accumulation and liver steatosis. Multiple pathways are affected to promote lipid accumulation in the ethanol-exposed hepatocyte. Chronic ethanol renders Kupffer cells hyperresponsive to endotoxin, which results in production of inflammatory cytokines and the tumor necrosis factor-alpha via a toll-like receptor 4 dependent pathway, leading to inflammation and hepatic necrosis. Dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune responses caused by ethanol contributes to impaired antiviral response, inflammatory injury, and autoimmune activation. Recent developments in the literature are reviewed in a model that suggests lipid accumulation, dysregulation of immunity, and impaired antiviral and autoimmune responses as three distinct, though interwoven, pathophysiological mechanisms of alcoholic liver injury.
Actitudes y desafíos percibidos de médicos residentes de medicina familiar hacia la investigación: un estudio piloto de Paraguay, 2016

Las competencias en investigacion han sido reconocidas como parte esencial de la educacion medica en el postgrado. El objetivo de este estudio piloto fue evaluar las actitudes y desafios percibidos de medicos residentes de Medicina Familiar hacia la investigacion. Estudio piloto, observacional, descriptivo, de corte transverso y muestreo no probabilistico, en el que se incluyeron 20 medicos residentes. Se utilizo un cuestionario sobre actitudes y desafios percibidos sobre la investigacion. Se realizo estadistica descriptiva para todas las variables. Los resultados se expresaron en frecuencias, porcentajes, medias y desvios estandar. Del total de participantes, solo 7 (35%) participaron en algun proyecto de investigacion durante la residencia, principalmente, en estudios descriptivos (30%) y reportes de casos (15%). El 60% respondio que en la residencia no desarrollaban un programa especifico de formacion en investigacion, aunque la mayoria estuvo de acuerdo con que la investigacion es esencial para el desarrollo de una carrera academica (95%), que mejora la atencion sanitaria del paciente (75%) y que su estudio debe ser obligatorio en el curriculo academico (70%). Los medicos residentes paraguayos presentan actitudes positivas y reconocen la importancia de la investigacion, no obstante, solo el 35% ha realizado investigaciones durante su programa de residencia, siendo el principal desafio al que se enfrentan, la falta detiempo protegido. Se considera necesario el rediseno del curriculo del programa de residencia en Medicina Familiar de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion a fin de incluir de manera trasversal la formacion en investigacion de medicos residentes.
Infraestrutura para entrega de anúncios de publicidade pervasiva personalizados baseadas em estatística de consumo.

Nos ultimos anos tem-se observado a popularizacao do uso de smartphones e, aliado a isso, o crescimento do acesso a banda larga via smartphone. E nesse cenario que, com base na Computacao Pervasiva, surge a Publicidade Pervasiva, a qual faz uso de dispositivos moveis e sensores para obter informacoes do contexto do usuario visando entregar o anuncio publicitario mais adequado. Contudo, a obtencao das informacoes de contexto utilizadas para recomendar anuncios de maneira oportunista, ou seja, o anuncio mais adequado para um usuario, tem como base o seu perfil e as suas preferencias. Identificar estas preferencias demanda interacao do usuario, o que vai de encontro ao conceito de transparencia da computacao pervasiva. Neste trabalho propoe-se uma infraestrutura para entrega de anuncios de publicidade pervasiva personalizados de forma a encontrar o anuncio publicitario mais adequado ao consumidor, levando em conta estatisticas de consumo, o perfil do usuario e o contexto no qual esta inserido. A utilizacao de estatisticas de consumo permite inferir o perfil do usuario baseado em um conjunto restrito de informacoes, reduzindo a necessidade de interacao do usuario para identificacao de seu perfil. Para avaliar a infraestrutura, foi desenvolvido um prototipo aplicado a um estudo de caso com professores, funcionarios e estudantes da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, os quais receberam anuncios em dispositivos portateis e indicaram quais desses anuncios eram de seu interesse. Durante o estudo, a solucao proposta apresentou resultados melhores que as abordagens existentes na recomendacao de anuncios oportunistas.
EVALUATION OF CSF FERRITIN AS AN EARLY MARKER FOR DIFFERENTIATING MENINGITIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

Background and Objectives : - Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency with a potential for serious neurological damage or even death. Rapid diagnosis is important and henceforth critical for the early intervention by antibiotic therapy to prevent complications. Therefore the aim of the present study was to evaluate CSF ferritin levels in children with different etiologies of meningitis. Materials and Methods : - 65 children (1-124 months) with suspected meningitis admitted at Chacha Nehru BalChikitsalya hospital were included in the study. CSF sample was analyzed for glucose, protein, cell count, ferritin, gram stain and culture. Results: - Based on the laboratory findings the 65 children were classified into 3 groups: 21 cases had bacterial meningitis, 18 had aseptic (viral) meningitis and 26 cases as the no-meningitis group. A significant relationship was observed between age and ferritin level in the non-meningitis group (p<0.05). CSF ferritin in bacterial meningitis group was 34.80 ±11.20 ng/mL and was significantly higher than the aseptic meningitis group. Cut off value of ferritin to differentiate meningitis vs. no-meningitis group was estimated at 18.2ng/ml with a sensitivity of 94.9% and specificity of 96.2 %. However on differentiating bacterial from aseptic meningitis cutoff value was 20.3 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 33.3%. Conclusion : - CSF ferritin levels were found to be significantly different between the meningitis and the no-meningitis groups. However due to low specificity it may not prove useful for the early differentiation of different types of meningitis. Further studies are required on a larger sample size before we can substantiate our findings.
Thermospheric Poleward Wind Surge at Mid-Latitudes During Great 1

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. 20 Key points 21 1. Pre-­‐midnight poleward wind surge at 100m/s, preceded by 300m/s westward 22 winds 23 2. No equatorward wind surge developed throughout the night 24 2. Disturbance wind driven by Subauroral Polarization Streams and Coriolis force 25 26 1 Abstract 27 28 We report a significant poleward surge in thermospheric winds at subauroral and mid 29 latitudes following the 17-18 March 2015 great geomagnetic storm. This pre-midnight 30 surge is preceded by strong westward winds. These disturbances were observed over 31 three sites with geodetic latitudes 35-42 o N in the American sector by Fabry-Perot 32 interferometers at 630-nm wavelength. Prior to the wind disturbances, subauroral 33 polarization streams (SAPS), were measured by the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter 34 radar between 20-02 UT. We identify the observed neutral wind variations as driven by 35 SAPS, through a scenario where strong ion flows cause a westward neutral wind, 36 subsequently establishing a poleward wind surge due to the poleward Coriolis force on 37 that westward wind. These regional disturbances appear to have prevented the well-38 known storm time equatorward wind surge from propagating into low latitudes, with the 39 consequence that the classic disturbance dynamo mechanism failed to occur. 40 41 2 42 43
Possibilités d'amélioration de la qualité de viande chez le poulet par la sélection génétique et interactions avec le mode d'élevage

Dans un contexte ou la demande mondiale en viande de poulet ne cesse d’augmenter, les qualites technologique et sensorielle de cette viande sont devenues un enjeu majeur pour l’industrie. L’analyse de deux lignees de poulet divergentes pour le pH ultime (pHu) du filet confirme que la genetique est un determinant majeur de ce caractere. Leur comparaison montre qu’augmenter le pHu du filet par selection impacte le pHu d’autres muscles et ameliore de nombreux criteres dont le pouvoir de retention d’eau, le rendement technologique et la tendrete de la viande. Si l’histologie et la composition biochimique du muscle ne sont pas affectees par la selection, nos resultats suggerent un lien defavorable entre un trop faible niveau des reserves energetiques musculaires et l’incidence de defauts structuraux telle que les striations blanches. Par contre, aucun antagonisme genetique entre le pH ultime et les caracteres de production (poids vif, rendement en viande et indice de consommation) n’a ete observe.
Negative and positive magnetoresistance in the itinerant antiferromagnet 
BaMn2Pn2
 (
Pn
 = P, As, Sb, and Bi)

We report the discovery of a novel giant magnetoresistance (GMR) phenomenon in a family of BaMn$_{2}$Pn$_{2}$ antiferromagnets (Pn stands for P, As, Sb, and Bi) with a parity-time symmetry. The resistivities of these materials are reduced by $60$ times in magnetic fields ($\vec{H}$'s), thus yielding the GMR of about $-98\%$. The GMR changes systematically along with the Pn elements, hinting that its origin is the spin orbit coupling (SOC) and/or $d$-$p$ orbital hybridization. A positive MR component emerging on top of the negative GMR at low temperatures suggests an orbital-sensitive magnetotransport as $\vec{H}$ suppresses the conduction of the electron-like carriers in the $d$-like band but enhances those of hole-like ones in the $d$-$p$ hybridized band. The anisotropy of the GMR reveals that the electrical conductivity is extremely sensitive to the minute changes in the direction of the antiferromagnetic moments induced by the parity-time breaking $\vec{H}$, which seems to be associated with a magnetoelectric effect in the dynamic regime of conduction electrons. We attribute the observed GMR to the non-trivial low energy band of BMPn's, which is governed by the parity-time symmetry and an magnetic hexadecapole ordering.
Analysis of the REL polymorphism rs13031237 in autoimmune diseases

REL encodes the c-rel protein, a member of the nuclear factor-κB family of transcription factors involved in the autoimmune response via regulation of the expression of cytokines, anti-apoptotic molecules and cell cycle modulators.1 Expression of c-rel, which is restricted to mature haematopoietic cells, has been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disease.2 3 Associations of the REL gene with celiac disease4 and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)5 have been reported. Moreover, Rel knockout mice do not develop autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,6 collagen-induced arthritis or type I diabetes.7 Last year Gregersen et al described the association of the intronic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs13031237G→T in the REL gene as a risk factor for RA in an expansion of previous genome-wide association …
Manipulating serial replay during memory retention rapidly alters human sequence memory

Temporarily storing sequences of events (sequence memory, SM), a fundamental ability in cognition, involves item-by-item serial reactivations during retention, yet the causal evidence is lacking. Here we develop a “behavioral temporal interference” approach to manipulate the item-specific reactivation and replay profile in the delay period when human subjects hold a list of items in working memory (WM). Eight experiments on more than two hundred subjects demonstrate that the manipulation successfully alters SM behavior. When items in the list are synchronized with each other and thus could not elicit time-dissociated responses, the serial position effect (SPE), a typical SM behavior, is disrupted. Reversing the temporal order of reactivations also alters SPE, supporting that the replay order is crucial as well. Our findings support the causal role of temporally ordered reactivation in mediating SM, and also provide a promising, efficient approach to manipulate the temporal structure of multiple items held in WM.
Protective effect of sorbitol and monosodium glutamate during storage of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria

The effects of sorbitol and monosodium glutamate upon survival during storage of freeze-dried Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus faecalis were examined. There were no significant differences in survival during freeze-drying after addition of sorbitol or monosodium glutamate. However, these compounds were found to increase the stability of most strains during long-term storage. Various survival patterns were observed among the strains considered. However, for most of them, both compounds were proven effective in maintaining high degrees of viability over long periods of storage.
Cancer screening behaviors among U.S. women: breast cancer, 1987-1989, and cervical cancer, 1988-1989.

Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to examine trends in breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors among U.S. women in selected states. Data reported are from the 1987, 1988, and 1989 BRFSS for breast cancer screening (mammography) and from the 1988 and 1989 BRFSS for cervical cancer screening (Papanicolaou [Pap] smear). Results are presented as either state-specific or state-aggregate data for the years noted above. State-specific analyses indicated that self-reported mammography utilization increased between 1987 and 1989. Although whites and blacks reported similar mammography utilization rates both for screening and for a current or previous breast problem, disparities were evident among women of different ages and incomes. The proportion of women who reported ever having had a Pap smear and having heard of a Pap smear were extremely high and remained fairly consistent across the 2 survey years. State-aggregate analyses, however, showed that the percentage of women who had had a Pap smear within the previous year was negatively associated with age and positively associated with income. A higher proportion of blacks than whites obtained Pap smears. These results indicate that certain segments of the population are not taking full advantage of available breast and cervical cancer screening technologies. Public health strategies, such as those outlined in the Breast and Cervical Cancer Mortality Prevention Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-354), should enhance screening opportunities for these women.
Fluvial incision and tectonic uplift across the Himalayas of central Nepal

The pattern of fluvial incision across the Himalayas of central Nepal is estimated from the distribution of Holocene and Pleistocene terraces and from the geometry of modern channels along major rivers draining across the range. The terraces provide good constraints on incision rates across the Himalayan frontal folds (Sub‐Himalaya or Siwaliks Hills) where rivers are forced to cut down into rising anticlines and have abandoned numerous strath terraces. Farther north and upstream, in the Lesser Himalaya, prominent fill terraces were deposited, probably during the late Pleistocene, and were subsequently incised. The amount of bedrock incision beneath the fill deposits is generally small, suggesting a slow rate of fluvial incision in the Lesser Himalaya. The terrace record is lost in the high range where the rivers are cutting steep gorges. To complement the terrace study, fluvial incision was also estimated from the modern channel geometries using an estimate of the shear stress exerted by the flowing water at the bottom of the channel as a proxy for river incision rate. This approach allows quantification of the effect of variations in channel slope, width, and discharge on the incision rate of a river; the determination of incision rates requires an additional lithological calibration. The two approaches are shown to yield consistent results when applied to the same reach or if incision profiles along nearby parallel reaches are compared. In the Sub‐Himalaya, river incision is rapid, with values up to 10–15 mm/yr. It does not exceed a few millimeters per year in the Lesser Himalaya, and rises abruptly at the front of the high range to reach values of ∼4–8 mm/yr within a 50‐km‐wide zone that coincides with the position of the highest Himalayan peaks. Sediment yield derived from the measurement of suspended load in Himalayan rivers suggests that fluvial incision drives hillslope denudation of the landscape at the scale of the whole range. The observed pattern of erosion is found to closely mimic uplift as predicted by a mechanical model taking into account erosion and slip along the flat‐ramp‐flat geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust fault. The morphology of the range reflects a dynamic equilibrium between present‐day tectonics and surface processes. The sharp relief together with the high uplift rates in the Higher Himalaya reflects thrusting over the midcrustal ramp rather than the isostatic response to reincision of the Tibetan Plateau driven by late Cenozoic climate change, or late Miocene reactivation of the Main Central Thrust.
A new modulation scheme for multiple access interference reduction in frequency hopping networks

A new modulation scheme is proposed to reduce the multiple access interference inherent to frequency hopping networks. The new scheme namely MAFSK is a hybrid of the conventional noncoherent M-ary frequency shift keying and M-ary amplitude shift keying. The hybrid modulation scheme provides significant flexibility to optimize the system BER performance for different operating conditions.
TOPS Mode Raw Data Generation From Wide-Beam SAR Imaging Modes

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) raw data simulator of distributed target scenes is an important tool for testing the system parameters, imaging algorithms, and so on, particularly for these recently proposed novel imaging modes. The Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans (TOPS) mode achieves the wide-swath imaging coverage and overcomes major drawbacks in ScanSAR by electronically steering the azimuth beam along track during the whole acquisition time. In this letter, a novel TOPS mode raw data generation approach from conventional wide-beam SAR imaging modes is proposed, by invoking the fact that the TOPS raw data can be considered as a part of the stripmap/spotlight raw data with the exploited wide azimuth beam interval. In this approach, an azimuth-varying filter is introduced to obtain the desired TOPS raw data and set others to zero. Moreover, the conventional stripmap and spotlight mode raw data can be efficiently generated in the 2-D Fourier transformed domain. Therefore, a fast raw data simulator can be easily achieved by taking this approach. Simulation results validate the proposed simulation approach.
Caractérisation numérique de l'exposition électromagnétique des personnes en bandes HF et VHF

Dans les environnements militaires, et plus particulierement dans le domaine terrestre, de nombreux systemes radioelectriques HF (de 3 a 30 MHz), VHF (de 30 a 300 MHz) et UHF (de 300 a 3000 MHz) sont utilises. Ces systemes remplissent plusieurs fonctions (communication longue et courte distance, brouillage, radar, etc .) et peuvent parfois cohabiter sur un meme porteur. Ces differentes fonctions utilisent plusieurs antennes et augmentent les risques de surexposition electromagnetique des operateurs. Des normes civiles et militaires proposent des limites sur les champs electromagnetiques appliques et sur des grandeurs dosimetriques (debit d'absorption specifique DAS, densite de courant et champs electriques internes) pour limiter ces risques entre 0 et 300 GHz. Ces travaux de these ont deux objectifs principaux. Le premier est d'etudier les normes civiles et militaires afin de comprendre comment elles ont ete developpees et si elles sont reellement adaptees aux frequences HF et VHF. Le deuxieme est de proposer et valider une nouvelle methode de validation des produits radio Thales. Pour cela, nous caracterisons numeriquement le comportement electromagnetique et thermique du corps humain lors d'une exposition electromagnetique en bandes HF et VHF. L'etude des couplages entre le corps et les champs electromagnetiques externes nous permet de proposer pour la premiere fois des formules calculant les DAS dans le corps d'un fantome homogene a partir, soit des courants induits le long du corps pour une exposition quelconque, soit du champ electrique applique pour une exposition en onde plane.
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND CARBON DIOXIDE PRODUCTION DURING THE GROWTH OF YEAST.

111 the present experiments the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of a pure strain of yeast have been investigated throughout the first and second cycles of its growth in a synthetic nutrient solution. Few measurements of the respiration of yeast in the literature are comparable to these observations, since other investigators have used different kinds of yeast under various experimental conditions which have not always been stated clearly. The measurements have usually been made only for short intervals of time. Copping (2) has published curves for the oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and cell count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on different media for a period of about four days but readings were made only at daily intervals and no attempt was made to correlate the gaseous exchange of the yeast with its growTth. For these experiments a pure strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen previously obtained from a single cell (Richards, 5)2 was grown in William 's medium.3 The seedings were made with 0.10 cc. of a suspension from yeast cultures of about the same age and the technique of measuring the multiplication of the yeast wras that of Richards (6). The oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of the yeast were determined with differential microrespirometers of the type devised by Thunberg (9) and more recently described by Fenn (3). For the measurements of oxygen consumption 0.5 cc. portions of 20 per cent, sodium hydroxide were introduced into small cups in the two chambers of the respirometer to absorb carbon dioxide. Into one chamber was placed 1 cc. of medium containing yeast and into the other enough water to make the air spaces equal. As oxygen was consumed the index drop in a horizontal capillary connecting the two chambers was drawn toward the chamber containing the yeast. The oxygen consumption was obtained by multiplying the movement of the drop in centimeters per minute by the volume of the capillary in cubic centimeters per centimeter. Twice this value was used