Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening of certain chemoprotectants against cyclic peptide toxin microcystin-LR

Objective: To evaluate the protective efficacy of certain chemoprotectants against cyclic peptide hepatotoxic microcystin-LR in mice. Material and Methods: Swiss albino female mice were used in all experiments for screening antidotes against the lethal dose of microcystin-LR (100 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). The agents, D-glucose, mannitol, dihydroxyacetone, Trolox®, L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, amifostine, glutathione, silymarin, naringin, rifampin and cyclosporin-a were administered as either pre-treatment (1, 3 and 24 h), co-administration or post-treatment. Percent survival and time to death were monitored. The biochemical profile of protected animals was monitored 24 h post-treatment. Results: D-glucose, mannitol, L-cysteine, naringin and amifostine extended the survival time of animals but offered no protection against lethality. N-acetylcysteine, glutathione and Trolox® gave partial protection (25-50%) on pretreatment or co-administration. Complete protection was observed with rifampin (25 mg/kg), cyclosporin-A (10 mg/kg) and silymarin (400 mg/kg) when given as pre-treatment. In addition, rifampin and cyclosprin-A gave complete protection when co-administered with microcystin-LR. Rifampin was the only agent which gave protection at 15 min post-treatment. The biochemical profile of surviving animals 24 h after treatment showed increased liver body weight index and levels of hepatic enzymes viz. LDH, ALT, SDH in serum. Conclusion: Chemoprotectants that can inhibit the specific uptake of toxin into the liver can be promising antidotes against lethal poisoning by microcystin-LR in mice.
ADULT T‐CELL LEUKAEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH OKT4 EPITOPE DEFICIENCY

Catovsky. D. Rosa, M. Goolden. A.W. C. White, J.M. , Bourikas. G. , Brownell. A.I. Blattner. W.A. Greaves, M.F. Calton. D.A. G. , McCluskey. D.R. Lampert. 1. Ireland, R. Bridges, J.M. & Gallo. R.C. ( 1 982) Adult T-cell lymphoma-leukemia in blacks from the West Indies. I~ncct. i. 639-643. Doerken. H. & Kehpenning. W. (1982) Lung cancer in butchers. Lancet. i. 561. Donham, K.J., Berg, 1.W. & Sawin. R.J. (1980) Epidemiological relationship of bovine population and human leukemia in Iowa. American journal oj Epidemiology. 12. 80-9 1 . Donham. K.J. & Van der Maaten. M.J. (1977) Seroepidemiological studies on a possible relationship of human and bovine leukemia. )aural oJ the National Cancer Institute. 59, 8 5 1-8 5 3 . Fox, A.J. Lynge. E. & Malker. H. (1982) Lung cancer in butchers. Lancet. i, 165-1 66. Jaffe. E.S. Blattner. W.A. Blayney. D.W. Bunn. P.A. Cossman. I. Robert-GurofT, M. & Gallo, R.C. ( 1 984) The pathologic spectrum of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in the United States. American journal of Surgical Pathology, 8, 263-275. Johnson, E.S. & Fischman. H.K. (1982) Cancer mortality among butchers and slaughterhouse workers. Lancet. i, 91 3-914. Robert-GurofT. M. Nakao. Y. Notake. K. , Ito, Y. , Sliski. A. & Gallo, R.C. (1982) Natural antibodies to human retrovirus HTLV in a cluster of Japanese patients with adult T-cell leukemia. Science. 215,975-978.
Prevention and treatment of leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a common zoonosis acquired by exposure to body fluids, to tissues of infected animals, or to contaminated soil or fresh water. Large outbreaks of leptospirosis have occurred following excess rainfall or in tourists following exposure to fresh water during adventure activities. Prevention may be achieved through the use of protective clothing or by changes in animal husbandry. Immunization is not widely used in human populations but has a role in agriculture. Oral administration of doxycycline (Periostat® , CollaGenex) once-weekly can give short-term protection in high-risk environments. The disease in humans has a broad range of symptoms. Treatment may be symptomatic or may require administration of antibiotics, such as doxycycline or penicillin.
The effect of polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-beta1 genes in acute hepatic allograft rejection.

BACKGROUND The occurrence of acute rejection in orthotopic liver transplantation is unpredictable. The role of cytokines in the process of rejection is not entirely clear. We investigated polymorphisms in the genes encoding tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, which affect the amount of cytokine produced in vitro, in a liver transplant population to determine any association with acute rejection. METHOD DNA was extracted from whole blood of liver transplant patients. After amplification with polymerase chain reactions, the polymorphisms at TNF-alpha -308, IL-10 -1082, and TGF-beta1 +869 and +915 were determined using sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Acute cellular rejection was a clinical and histological diagnosis. RESULTS Acute cellular rejection requiring treatment occurred in 68 (48%) of 144 patients. Acute cellular rejection was significantly associated with the TNF-alpha -308 A/A genotype (P<0.02). There was no significant association with either IL-10 or TGF-beta1 polymorphisms in acute rejection. CONCLUSION Patients with a homozygous TNF-alpha -308 genotype A/A are more likely to suffer from acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation.
NF-κB Signal Triggering and Termination by Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 2*

Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) activates transcription factor κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The mechanisms mediating these activations are dependent on the recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) to the intracellular region of the receptor. TNFR2 also induces TRAF2 degradation. We show that in addition to the well characterized TRAF2 binding motif 402-SKEE-405, the human receptor contains another sequence located at the C-terminal end (amino acids 425–439), which also recruits TRAF2 and activates NF-κB. In addition to that, human TNFR2 contains a conserved region (amino acids 338–379) which is responsible for TRAF2 degradation and therefore of terminating NF-κB signaling. TRAF2 degradation and the lack of NF-κB activation when both TNFR1 and TNFR2 are co-expressed results in an enhanced ability of TNFR1 to induce cell death, showing that the cross-talk between both receptors is of a great biological relevance. Induction of TRAF2 degradation appears to be independent of TRAF2 binding to the receptor. Amino acids 343-TGSSDSS-349 are essential for inducing TRAF2 degradation because deletion mutants of this region or point mutations at serine residues 345 and 346 or 348 and 349 obliterate the ability of TNFR2 to induce TRAF2 degradation.
Short-Term Landing Training Attenuates Landing Impact and Improves Jump Height in Landing-to-Jump Movement

Abstract Iida, Y, Kanehisa, H, Inaba, Y, and Nakazawa, K. Short-term landing training attenuates landing impact and improves jump height in landing-to-jump movement. J Strength Cond Res 27(6): 1560–1567, 2013—Landing technique is an important factor influencing jump performance in landing-to-jump (L-J) movement. This study examined the effects of short-term landing training on jump performance in L-J. We hypothesized that landing training without jumping decreases landing impact and increases jump height in L-J. Twenty healthy adult men were randomly assigned to the control (CG: n = 10) or the training (TG: n = 10) group. The TG performed a 2-week landing training (3 times per week, 6 sessions) that aims to decrease impact force. Before and after the training period, both groups performed landing and L-J from a 35-cm height and also squat jumps (SJs). Ground reaction forces and kinematic data were obtained during the landing, L-J, and SJ. The CG showed no significant changes in all measured variables. In the TG, the peak vertical ground reaction force up to 100 mseconds after ground contact in L-J, expressed relative to body mass, significantly decreased (pre: 3.04 [0.77] vs. post: 2.35 [0.37], p < 0.01), and the L-J height significantly increased (pre: 47.2 [5.6] cm vs. post: 48.2 [5.5] cm, p < 0.05) without gain in SJ height. Furthermore, the TG showed significant gains (p < 0.01) in hip joint power during the propulsive phase. The current results support our hypothesis and indicate that short-term landing training improves the technique for absorbing landing impact and increasing L-J height. The increased L-J height may be a result of an increase in power generation around the hip joint.
Talpid2 mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

The talpid2(ta2) chick mutant is of interest for the study of limb pattern formation. Talpid2 is a simple Mendelian recessive lethal mutation which affects the mesoderm and results in short, spade‐like, polydactylous wings and legs. Here, we describe ta2 limb development with particular attention to those aspects of ta2 which may illuminate the process of normal limb development. From the onset of budding, ta2 limb buds are significantly wider than normal buds along the anteroposterior axis. They lack the normal anterior and posterior necrotic zones and have variable development of the central opaque patch. Interdigital programmed cell death is variable and may result in development of distal phalanges without more proximal ones. Talpid2 wing vasculature is similar to that of normal wings, but ta2 legs are supplied by four large blood vessels. Feathers form regular, parallel rows, similar to normal feathers, but ta2 embryos lack the loose mesenchyme which separates the feather buds. Finally, and most significantly, ta2 wings and legs display anteroposterior polarity. Anterior and posterior limb skeletal elements can be clearly distinguished from one another within the ta2 phenotype. Our observations suggest that the ta2 mutant may be useful in analyzing programmed embryonic cell death and anteroposterior limb pattern formation.
Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells and Fixed Immune Surveillance in Nonlymphoid Organs

T cell immunity is often defined in terms of memory lymphocytes that use the blood to access a range of organs. T cells are involved in two patterns of recirculation. In one, the cells shuttle back and forth between blood and secondary lymphoid organs, whereas in the second, memory cells recirculate between blood and nonlymphoid tissues. The latter is a means by which blood T cells control peripheral infection. It is now clear that there exists a distinct memory T cell subset that is absent from blood but found within nonlymphoid tissues. These nonrecirculating tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells develop within peripheral compartments and never spread beyond their point of lodgement. This review examines fixed immune surveillance by TRM cells, highlighting features that make them potent controllers of infection in nonlymphoid tissues. These features provide clues about TRM cell specialization, such as their ability to deal with sequestered, persisting infections confined to peripheral compartments.
Communique Evaluation of piecewise a " ne control via binary search tree

We present an algorithm for generating a binary search tree that allows e"cient computation of piecewise a"ne (PWA) functions de0ned on a polyhedral partition. This is useful for PWA control approaches, such as explicit model predictive control, as it allows the controller to be implemented online with small computational e2ort. The computation time is logarithmic in the number of regions in the PWA partition. 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Color sensing in the Archaea: a eukaryotic-like receptor coupled to a prokaryotic transducer

Sensory rhodopsin I (SR-I) is a phototaxis receptor controlling the flagellar motor of the archeon Halobacterium salinarium (previously known as Halobacterium halobium) (for earlier reviews, see references 29 and 47). SR-I resembles structurally the visual pigments of higher organisms, consisting of a single polypeptide which folds into seven membranespanning ax-helical segments forming an internal pocket where the chromophore retinal is bound. Photoisomerization of retinal in SR-I (all-trans to 13-cis) and in bovine rhodopsin (11-cis to all-trans) triggers protein-conformational changes, producing their signaling states. SR-I and bovine rhodopsin each relay signals to membrane-anchored hydrophilic transducers (HtrI in the case of SR-I and the G protein transducin in the case of rhodopsin). However, HtrI exhibits close homology to eubacterial transducing proteins (e.g., the chemotaxis receptor/transducers Tsr and Tar in Escherichia coli) rather than to the eukaryotic G-protein family. This archaeal sensory system thus presents a novel combination of a eukaryotic-like seven-helix receptor functioning with a eubacterial-like transducer, suggesting an ancient origin for both types of sensory transducing molecules. SR-I is one of four retinylidene proteins in H. salinarium: two, bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and halorhodopsin (HR), are light-driven membrane transporters for protons and chloride ions, respectively (30, 38). Light-activated ion transport mutants (Flx mutants), which lack BR and HR, still retain wild-type retinal-dependent phototaxis reactions (42). The absence of the more abundant transport rhodopsins in Flx mutants facilitated spectroscopic analysis, and the first sensory pigment, SR-I, was discovered in 1982 (7). SR-I photoreactions are color sensitive, mediating attractant motility responses to red light and repellent responses to UV-blue light (46). A few years later, a second sensory rhodopsin (SR-II), a green light-repellent receptor present at earlier stages of growth than SR-I, was also reported (52). Protein analysis of mutants lacking one or both receptors labeled with radioactive retinal identified distinct SR-I and SR-II polypeptides, each of which was about the same size as the transport rhodopsins (-25 kDa) (44). Photoactive SR-I was purified (36), and a partial protein sequence was used to clone the gene encoding its apoprotein (6). At about the same time, a methylated membrane protein
Rare Vascular Plant Taxa Associated with the Longleaf Pine Ecosystems : Patterns in Taxonomy and Ecology

Ecological, taxonomic and biogeographical characteristics are used to describe the group of 187 rare vascular plant taxa associated with longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) throughout its range. Taxonomic and growth form distributions mirror the patterns of common plus rare taxa in the flora. Most of the species have rather narrow habitat preferences, and narrow geographic ranges, but a few rare sp~cies with broad habitat tolerances and wider geographic ranges are identified. Ninety-six local endemics are associated with longleaf pine ecosystems. This incidence is as high as in other comparably-sized endemic-rich areas in North America. A distinct geographic trend in rare species composition is indicated. Species fall into 4 groups: Florida longleaf associates, south Atlantic coastal plain, east Gulf coastal plain, and west Gulf coastal plain species. Distributional factors that produce rarity must be considered in the development of conservation strategies. Overall, conserving longleaf communities rangewide will protect . large ~ numbers of rare plant taxa in Southeastern United States.
Accurate Position and Velocity Control for Trajectories Based on Dynamic Movement Primitives

treated from a control theoretical perspective. We extended the key ideas from the original DMP formalism by introducing a velocity convergence mechanism in the reformulated system. Theoretical proof is given to guarantee its validity. The new method can deal with complex paths as a whole. Based on this, we can generate smooth trajectories with automatically generated transition zones, satisfy position-and velocity boundary conditions at start and endpoint with high precision, and support multiple via-point applications. Theoretic proof of this method and experiments are presented.
Atomic structure of the alpha -Ga(001) surface investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy: Direct evidence for the existence of Ga2 molecules in solid gallium.

The (001) surface of a-Ga single-crystal surfaces was investigated with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. The sputter-cleaned surface exhibits large, atomically flat terraces extending over distances of several 1000 A. On the atomic scale, STM images reveal a 1×1 reconstruction of the surface lattice. The measured step height between the (001) terraces provides direct evidence for the existence of molecular Ga 2 dimers, a long-standing assumption that previously lacked clear experimental confirmation
Employing Dynamic Logic in Cybersecurity

Dr. Leonid Perlovsky, distinguished physicist and cognitive scientist, pondered this question, which could have a significant impact on his research direction in the years to come. Over the past few decades, he had developed and refined algorithms for distinguishing objects in images, an approach that had found its way into various classified U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) applications. Now he was looking for new potential opportunities to see his research applied, allowing it to evolve further. One of the most interesting aspects of Perlovsky’s approach was that it was very similar to that taken by the human brain in processing sensory information. It began with a very vague model of what might or might not be present in the data being examined. Through successive iterations, analogous to the layers of processing used in human sensory systems, the patterns in the data corresponding to objects would grow more and more distinct until, finally, they became recognizable. Unlike most statistical techniques, this approach— termed “dynamic logic” by Perlovsky—did not require that a model be specified in advance. As such, it was well suited for contexts that required discovery.
A STUDY TO OBSERVE THE EFFECTS OF ENHANCEMENT PO 4 3-REMOVAL FROM AQEOUS SOLUTION DUE TO METAL OXIDES VARIOUSNESS CONCENTRATION IN STEEL SLAG FILTER SYSTEM

High amount of orthophosphate will accelerate the autotrophs growth and eutrophication will occur. This phenomenon will decrease the water quality and as a result from it may increase the cost of water treatment for drinking water. The overabundance of orthophosphate occurs when untreated or poor treatment of wastewater from domestic and industrial activities is released into water bodies. Conventional treatment has been developed to treat wastewater however it is not effective for phosphorus removal hence, high cost advance treatment are needed to remove phosphorus. Thus, alternative treatments are needed with low cost phosphorus removal method. Therefore this study were conducted to understand and investigate the mechanism of phosphorus removal using two different setup of steel slag filter, Set 1 for high Fe and Set 2 for high Ca. The study was operated at different pH values of 3,5,7,9 and 11 under aerated and unaerated condition. The sample of steel slag from 12 filters that has been run for 3 month for each sets were semi-quantitatively analysed using SEM-EDX to identify the adsorption of phosphate ion on the surface of the steel slag. The result of SEM-EDX studies shows that removal adsorption mechanism of phosphate removal takes place on the surface of the steel. The precipitation in the steel slag filter were collected and analysed for XRD for chemical structure identification and the precipitated were confirmed to be Fe3O4 which indicated that removal of phosphate did not occur.
GERMINATION , SEEDLING GROWTH , AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN FOUR LEGUME ( FABACEAE ) SPECIES UNDER COPPER SULPHATE FUNGICIDE TREATMENT

The experiment was fixed to investigate the effect of copper sulphate (0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 g/l CuSO4) used as a biological fungicide within fruit trees fields on germination, seedling growth, as well as some mechanisms involved in germination, growth and cell protection processes on the roots of four legume plants: faba bean (Vicia faba), common vetch (Vicia sativa), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and Medicago truncatula. Biometric and physiological results showed that higher copper doses (3 and 4.5 g/l) significantly decreased germination percentage, root growth, total sugar content in all analyzed species. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) content and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaïacol peroxidase (GPOX) were markedly increased concomitantly with the increasing copper stress. V. sativa showed relatively high germination percentage, low root and dry weight phytotoxicity compared to other species. It also showed a relatively higher induction of antioxidant enzymes mainly guaïacolcperoxidase. With these results, V. sativa is more copper sulphate-tolerant and could be proposed as suitable candidate used as cover soil for fruit trees fields.
Draft Genome Sequence of Trueperella bernardiae LCDC 89-0504T, Isolated from a Human Blood Culture

ABSTRACT We report here the draft genome sequence of Trueperella bernardiae LCDC 89-0504T, an organism linked to mild to severe infections in humans and animals. The genome size is 2,028,874 bp, with a G+C content of 65.44%. Annotation of the genome revealed 5 rRNA sequences, 48 tRNA genes, and 1,762 coding sequences.
30 nm E-mode InAs PHEMTs for THz and future logic applications

We have demonstrated 30 nm E-mode InAs PHEMTs with outstanding Tera-Hz (THz) and logic performance. The devices feature a Pt gate sinking process to effectively thin down the In<sub>0.52</sub>Al<sub>0.48</sub>As barrier layer. Fabricated devices show excellent L<sub>g</sub> scalability down to 30 nm with record f<sub>T</sub> in E-mode devices, and record combination of f<sub>T</sub> and f<sub>max</sub> in any transistor technology. In particular, 30 nm devices exhibit V<sub>T</sub> = 80 mV, g<sub>m,max</sub> = 1.83 mS/mum, S = 73 mV/dec, DIBL = 85 mV/V, f<sub>T</sub> = 601 and f<sub>max</sub> = 609 GHz at V<sub>DS</sub> = 0.5 V. We have also estimated a source injection velocity of v<sub>inj</sub> = 2.5 times 10<sup>7</sup> cm/s at V<sub>DS</sub> = 0.5 V, about a factor of two higher than state-of-the-art Si MOSFETs These encouraging results stem from the outstanding transport properties of InAs as a channel material coupled with well-tempered design features that improve short-channel effects through insulator thickness scaling with buried Pt-gate.
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION

This course is a research-oriented course that will utilize the 2008 U.S. Presidential campaign as a foundation for exploring various aspects central to the study of political communication. As such, course content will include both lecture-based, scholarly material as well research-based seminar format discussion. Students will be introduced to prominent methods used to analyze a variety of forms of political campaign discourse and conduct team research projects that aim to understand the communication processes at work during the 2008 presidential election cycle. This includes analyses of the content and persuasive development of candidate speeches, the construction of candidate's political advertisements, the content and tone of coverage by the news media and public opinion about the candidates and their reception of candidate's campaign messages. The predominant focus will be on issues of race and gender within these various campaign dynamics and deal primarily with the Democratic Party field of candidates. By the end of this course, students should accomplish the following learning objectives: