Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of efficacy and treatment-emergent suicidality in adults by psychiatric indication and age subgroup following initiation of paroxetine therapy: a complete set of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis of placebo-controlled paroxetine trials examines suicidality incidence in adults, focusing on disorder and age as potential risk factors. The findings are put in context with an efficacy meta-analysis of the same trial datasets. DATA SOURCES GlaxoSmithKline paroxetine clinical trial database(s). STUDY SELECTION All double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies of paroxetine therapy in adults enrolling at least 30 patients total were included in the analysis. The dataset comprised 14,911 patients from 61 trials. DATA EXTRACTION Possible cases of suicidality were identified and blindly categorized by an expert panel, using methodology previously used by the US Food and Drug Administration. Incidences of suicidal behavior (preparatory act, suicide attempt, or completed suicide) and any suicidality (suicidal behavior or ideation) were compared between paroxetine and placebo. Efficacy assessments were based on standard depression rating scales (eg, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and Clinical Global Impressions Improvement scale (CGI-I) scores. RESULTS In the primary dataset, ie, all disorders combined, there were no significant differences between paroxetine and placebo for overall suicidality (suicidal behavior or ideation: n/n = 83/8,958 [0.93%] vs n/n = 65/5,953 [1.09%], respectively; OR = 0.9 [95% CI, 0.7-1.3]; P = .649) or for suicidal behavior specifically (n/n = 50/8,958 [0.56%] vs n/n = 40/5,953 [0.67%], respectively; OR = 1.2 [95% CI, 0.8-1.9]; P = .483). However, in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), a greater incidence of suicidal behavior occurred in paroxetine-treated patients than in placebo-treated patients (n/n = 11/3,455 [0.32%] vs n/n = 1/1,978 [0.05%], respectively; OR = 6.7 [95% CI, 1.1-149.4]; P = .058). Across all indications, a higher incidence of suicidal behavior occurred in paroxetine-treated versus placebo-treated adults aged 18 to 24 years (n/n = 17/776 [2.19%] vs n/n = 5/542 [0.92%], respectively; OR = 2.4 [95% CI, 0.9-7.3]). In older age groups, no increase in suicidality was observed. Efficacy was demonstrated in all disorders evaluated, including MDD. CONCLUSIONS Across all disorders, overall suicidality incidence was similar between paroxetine and placebo. However, a higher frequency of suicidal behavior occurred with paroxetine in MDD, which was largely explained by the higher incidence in young adults. These data support the efficacy of paroxetine therapy; however, they also highlight the need for careful monitoring of suicidality during antidepressant therapy, particularly in younger adults.
Anti‐inflammatory activity of copper salicylates applied to rats percutaneously in dimethyl sulphoxide with glycerol

s. J. BEVERIDGE*, w. R. WALKER? , M. W. WHITEHOUSE, * Department of Physical Sciences, Newcastle College of Advanced Education, P.O. Box 84, Waratah, N.S . W. , Australia 2298, ? Department of Chemistry, University of Newcastle, Shortland, N . S . W. , Australia 2308 and Department of E,uperimental Pathology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, A . C. T,, Australia 2600
Molecular PET imaging in multicenter Alzheimer’s therapeutic trials: current trends and implementation strategies

Current therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have evolved to target specific molecular biological, metabolic and neuropathologic hallmarks of the disease. Since these approaches are hypothesized to be most effective at the earliest stages of the degenerative process, the ability to accurately detect and monitor progression of AD pathology and metabolic changes in vivo may accelerate the discovery and development of disease-modifying drugs. The use of molecular imaging biomarkers can not only enhance diagnostic accuracy and facilitate patient selection/stratification, but can also serve as key outcomes for clinical trials. In this review, we discuss emerging trends in the use of PET in AD drug development and provide a roadmap for harnessing its promise in multicenter clinical trials.
Influence of pH on Ammonia Accumulation and Toxicity in Halophilic, Methylotrophic Methanogens

We studied the effects of pH and ammonia concentration on the growth of three methanogens. These three halophilic, methylotrophic methanogens, Methanolobus bombayensis, Methanolobus taylorii, and Methanohalophilus zhilinaeae, grew at environmental pH ranges that overlapped with each other and spanned the pH range from 7.0 to 9.5. During growth they had reversed membrane pH gradients ((Delta)pH) at all pH values tested. The (Delta)pH was in the range of -0.4 to -0.9 pH units, with the cytosol being more acidic than the environmental pH. Methanohalophilus zhilinaeae had the most negative (Delta)pH (-0.9 pH units). These negative pH gradients resulted in the accumulation of ammonium (NH(inf4)(sup+)), and when grown at the highest external ammonia concentrations that allowed good growth, cells had cytosolic NH(inf4)(sup+) concentrations as high as 180 mM. The high concentrations of cytosolic NH(inf4)(sup+) were accompanied by greater (Delta)pH and lower concentrations of the major cytosolic cation K(sup+) (compared with cells grown in medium with only 5 mM ammonia). Methanolobus bombayensis and Methanolobus taylorii were more sensitive to total external ammonia at higher external pH values, but the inhibitory concentration of un-ionized ammonia that resulted in a 50% reduction of the growth rate was about 2 to 5 mM, regardless of the pH. This is consistent with growth inhibition by ammonia in other bacteria. However, Methanohalophilus zhilinaeae was more resistant to un-ionized ammonia than any other known organism. It had a 50% inhibitory concentration for un-ionized ammonia of 13 mM at pH 8.5 and 45 mM at pH 9.5. We examined the effects of pH on three ammonia-assimilating activities (glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and alanine dehydrogenase) in cell lysates and found that the pH ranges were consistent with the observed ranges of intracellular pH.
Role of Interfaces in Growth Dynamics of Nanostructures

Interfaces between nanostructures and the respective matrices have multiple roles in the growth dynamics and stability of the nanostructures. They can serve as confining barriers deciding the structure and orientation of growth, as in the case of air-water interfaces. They can redistribute the excess free energy, generated through different processing protocols, and give rise to specific growth centres. They can also play the role of exchanging energy (and material) between a nano-domain and a bulk, as seen in microscopic phase transitions. We have presented these specific aspects of interfaces in relation to nanoscale dynamics.
Research on improving TDOA location accuracy based on data fusion

Mobile station position location is one of the important services, which are supported by 3GPP. In this paper, a data fusion model that based on only TDOA measurements and different stage results, which are calculated by the Chan algorithm is proposed. Simulation results in typical wireless radio propagation environments show that positioning accuracy of proposed method is better than the Chan algorithm when the location estimates are corrupted by the nonline-of-sight (NLOS) error and different measurement errors.
High Capacity Transmission Systems Using Homogeneous Multi-Core Fibers

We discuss optical transmission using homogeneous, single-mode, multicore fibers. We first describe the key fiber properties that can affect transmission, such as intercore crosstalk and the variation of propagation delay between cores, and the consequences of these properties on spatial super-channel transmission. We then describe a series of experiments and demonstrations of system features including self-homodyne detection and joint spatial superchannel modulation before discussing their suitability to high-capacity transmission.
The Benefit of Mean Auditors: The Influence of Social Interaction and the Dark Triad on Unjustified Auditor Trust

Regulators and researchers have expressed concerns that social interaction leads auditors to unjustifiably trust managers, constituting a lack of sufficient professional skepticism. Using both an abstract laboratory experiment and a contextually rich experiment with practicing auditors we predict and find that higher Dark Triad auditors (those with higher levels of the shared core between psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism) are relatively more resistant to lapses in professional skepticism due to the effects of social interaction. This is likely driven by higher Dark Triad auditors’ callousness, lack of empathy, and lack of response to social stimuli. In contrast, while higher social interaction initially increases lower Dark Triad auditors’ unjustified trust in managers, this effect reverses in subsequent interactions when lower Dark Triad auditors observe evidence suggesting managers have reported aggressively. These findings add to research on the effect of auditor personality traits, audit-client social interaction, and the interaction of these two variables, and suggest that practitioners and researchers account for the interplay of Dark Triad traits and social interaction and their effect on professional skepticism.
Sistemas sexuales y polimorfismo de color en "Silene": una aproximación en la sección "Psammophilae"

Silene L. presenta una gran variabilidad de caracteres morfologicos y ecologicos. En concreto, la diversidad de sistemas sexuales y su evolucion, asi como las variaciones de color floral, son posiblemente los aspectos de mayor interes. En esta tesis doctoral realizamos una revision de las principales estrategias reproductivas en Silene asi como una estima de la frecuencia de los diferentes sistemas sexuales a nivel de genero y subgenero. Posteriormente elegimos la seccion Psammophilae (Talavera) Greuter (endemica de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares) como grupo de estudio para analizar la frecuencia, mantenimiento y posibles ventajas reproductivas del sistema sexual ginodioico-ginomonoico. Dentro de este grupo, nos centramos en S. littorea Brot. para estudiar mas detalladamente el dimorfismo sexual y las variaciones en la expresion sexual durante todo el periodo de floracion. Finalmente, estudiamos la frecuencia, asi como las bases bioquimicas y geneticas del polimorfismo de color de los petalos (rosa fuerte, rosa palido y blanco) en S. littorea. La revision de los sistemas sexuales en Silene mostro que el hermafroditismo fue el sistema sexual mas frecuente (58%), seguido de la dioecia (14%), ginodioecia (13%) y ginodioecia-ginomonoecia (12%). Estos sistemas sexuales estan representados en los dos subgeneros, Silene y Behenantha (Otth) Endl. , lo que indica que posiblemente han surgido de forma independiente en ambos clados. La mayoria de poblaciones de las especies de la seccion Psammophilae presentaron ginodioecia-ginomonoecia, siendo el morfotipo hermafrodita el mas frecuente y el porcentaje de plantas femeninas muy bajo en todas las poblaciones. El estudio del dimorfismo sexual y sus consecuencias evolutivas revelo que las flores hermafroditas fueron mas grandes, produjeron mas ovulos y tuvieron mayores cargas polinicas que las femeninas. Ademas, los gradientes de seleccion mostraron seleccion direccional hacia las flores mas grandes. En el estudio sobre el genero funcional y su evolucion temporal en S. littorea, encontramos que los individuos mas femeninos no presentaron un mayor exito reproductivo tanto en el cuajado de frutos y semillas como en el numero total de semillas. Las medidas de variacion del genero fenotipico mostraron un continuo, con la mayoria de los valores cerca de 0,5; y ligeramente desviadas a la masculinidad cuando lo que se analizo fue el genero funcional. Por ultimo, encontramos una proporcion de aproximadamente el 20% de plantas con petalos blancos en dos poblaciones del norte de la Peninsula Iberica. El analisis del transcriptoma de los petalos de distinto color revelo una expresion diferencial de algunos genes de la ruta biosintetica de las antocianinas, cuya causa mas probable parece ser la regulacion de tipo cis. Asimismo, los datos bioquimicos apoyaron el bloqueo de la ruta.
Temperature dependent circuit-based modeling of high power Li-ion battery for plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles

To increase the electrical range of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs)/electrical vehicle (EVs), interest of researchers is increased significantly in Li-ion batteries as these are leading energy storage component. An accurate modeling of battery with knowledge of all its parameters will optimize the vehicle performance. For achieving better performance of vehicle, correct knowledge of state of charge (SOC) of battery is required. Battery characteristics get affected due to several parameters such as temperature, aging and cycle life etc. In this paper, a new expression of temperature dependent battery SOC is developed and effect of temperature variation on this is investigated. Change in temperature influences the current, open circuit voltage (OCV), internal resistance and capacity of battery which contribute in SOC estimation. To demonstrate the real time characteristics and behavioral change of battery with respect to temperature; two dynamic battery models using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment are implemented. Influence of temperature on OCV, resistance, capacity and SOC is observed and simulation results are compared with recent studies. The simulation results show the effectiveness of models proposed.
Efficient algorithm for solving systems of circuit differential-algebraic equations with reliable divergence suppression in DC and time domains

Although many simulation tools contain advanced algorithms for the solution of the systems of differential-algebraic nonlinear equations, some classes of circuits still cause serious problems. These are typically the circuits with strong negative feedbacks, flip-flop circuits, the blocks that are characterized by macromodels with unusual elements, and large distributed amplifiers and oscillators. In the paper, a very efficient and reliable algorithm for solving the circuit differential-algebraic equations is characterized first, which is based on a sophisticated arrangement of the Newton interpolation polynomial. After that, a novel method is introduced for improving the convergence with four suggested criteria that are being compared. Unlike the similar algorithms focused on an operating point analysis only, the proposed method also works in a transient analysis. All the four criteria are thoroughly tested on nine problematic circuits - six of them often diverge in the operating point analysis, and three of them diverge at some points during the transient analysis. The results confirm extraordinary robustness of the proposed method, even circuits with a large memelement hysteresis can be solved.
VisArtico : visualiser les données articulatoires obtenues par un articulographe (VisArtico : visualizing articulatory data acquired by an articulograph) [in French]

Dans cet article, nous presentons VisArtico, un logiciel de visualisation de donnees articulatoires obtenues par un articulographe, l'AG500. Ce logiciel permet de visualiser les positions des capteurs et de les animer simultanement avec l'acoustique : l'utilisateur a la possibilite de visualiser le contour de la langue et des levres. Il permet egalement de trouver le plan midsagittal du locuteur, et deduire la position du palais, si cette information est absente lors de l'acquisition. De plus, VisArtico offre la possibilite d'etiqueter phonetiquement les trajectoires. D'autres fonctionnalites sont egalement decrites. L'objectif est de fournir un outil efficace de visualisation de donnees articulatoires qui peut etre utile a toute personne etudiant la production de la parole.
Enhancements to the Linux Kernel for Blocking Buffer Overflow Based Attacks

We present the design and implementation of a cost-effective mechanism which controls the invocation of critical, from the security viewpoint, system calls. The integration into existing UNIX operating systems is carried out by instrumenting the code of the system calls so that the system call itself once invoked checks to see whether the invoking process and the argument values passed comply with the rules held in an access control database. A working prototype able to detect and block buffer overflow attacks is available as a small set of "patches" to the Linux operating system kernel source.
A peridomestic population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Kontagora town, Niger state, Nigeria

The present article considers some aspects of a peridomestic population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 in Kontagora, Nigeria. This situation characterizes an abnormal behaviour of the vector, and it is of significant epidemiological importance. Data on the ecology of this species were collected in 1995 and 1999. The results indicated that the species exists during both dry and wet seasons; approximately 30.0% of the catches were gorged with blood giving a MHS of 2.4, indicating a well-nourished population. Dissection of inseminated pars indicated pregnancy rates of approximately 30.0% and 70.0% in the dry and wet seasons and the presence of all 4 stages of pregnancy, suggesting that breeding occurs at both seasons. Longevity of flies was approximately 16 days in dry season and 25 days in the wet season. Overall results indicated that vector/host contact was high and the fly population has adapted and actively breeding in the area. Trypanosome infection rates of 18.2% consist of 1 brucei-type and 5 vivax-type infections. The public health implications of the close proximity of the wild natural reservoir hosts of the human T. b. gambiense Dutton, 1902 parasites at the Kainji Wild Life park is discussed.
Energy harvesting for bladder pressure sensor using parametric amplification phenomenon of PVDF bimorph cantilever

In this paper, we identify feasibility of energy harvesting using parametric amplification phenomenon of piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers for bladder pressure sensing. We simply fabricated piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers by bonding 110 μm thick polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and 500 μm thick polycarbonate (PC) using an epoxy. The piezoelectric bimorph cantilever was 34.8 mm long, 10 mm wide, and 0.8 mm thick and exhibited resonance frequency of ~150 Hz. By applying twice the fundamental frequency excitation, we obtained the voltage generated in the piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers at the fundamental frequency. Maximum voltage was generated when the direction of excitation is parallel to the vibration of the cantilever. Maximum power harvested using the parametric amplification phenomenon was measured to be 6.05 nW.
Rapidly progressing malignant melanoma influenced by pregnancy

Melanoma is the second most common tumor in women of child-bearing age, and it is also one of the most common malignancies diagnosed during pregnancy in Caucasians. While the occurrence of malignant tumors in pregnant women is approximately one per 1000 pregnancies, malignant melanoma accounts for about 8% of all malignancies in pregnancy. In this case report, we present a case of malignant melanoma that showed rapid progression during pregnancy. A 21-year-old woman presented at an estimated 21 weeks of pregnancy, complaining of a black nodule on her back. The lesion had first appeared at the age of 18 years. However, recently, the lesion had enlarged rapidly and was accompanied by pruritus. On physical examination, a solitary, asymmetric, well-defined, 1 · 1.5 cm black nodule was noted on the back (Fig. 1). The histological examination revealed epidermal atrophy and proliferation of numerous atypical melanocytes in the epidermis (Fig. 2a). Relatively large and translucent tumor cells were observed in the dermis (Fig. 2b). On immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells in the dermis were positive for HMB45 (Fig. 3a), S-100 protein (Fig. 3b), and estrogen receptor (Fig. 3c). On the basis of these features, we diagnosed the lesion as a nodular malignant melanoma. After diagnosis, the patient underwent a consensual therapeutic abortion. A simultaneously performed placental biopsy revealed no specific features. Wide excision and skin transplantation were performed on the back after 10 d. As there were no specific findings from abdominal ultrasonography or a bone scan, we graded the patient with Clark level IV, 2.5 mm in Breslow thickness level 3, and stage II (T3N0M0). Subsequently, adjuvant interferon-a immunotherapy was commenced. Twenty-one months after immunotherapy, two 2 · 2 cm nodular lesions were observed on the left axilla. Aspiration cytology revealed metastatic melanoma. A bone scan showed multiple hot uptakes, and metastasis to liver and
Isotopic Tracking of Change in Diet and Habitat Use in African Elephants

The carbon, nitrogen, and strontium isotope compositions of elephants in Amboseli Park, Kenya, were measured to examine changes in diet and habitat use since the 1960s. Carbon isotope ratios, which reflect the photosynthetic pathway of food plants, record a shift in diet from trees and shrubs to grass. Strontium isotope ratios, which reflect the geologic age of bedrock, document the concentration of elephants within the park. The high isotopic variability produced by behavioral and ecological shifts, if it is representative of other East African elephant populations, may complicate the use of isotopes as indicators of the source region of ivory.
Creating visibility: understanding the design space for food waste

Support for ecological sustainability is of growing interest and the over-consumption, production and disposal of foods are a major concern for sustainability, ethics and the economy. However, there is a deficit in current understandings of how technologies could be used within this area. In this paper we focus on food waste and report on a qualitative study to understand daily food practices around shopping planning, gardening, storing, cooking and throwing away food, and their relations to waste. The findings point to design-relevant factors such as losing sight and reordering; spatial, temporal and social constraints; trust and valuing food source; and busyness, unpredictability and effort. The main contribution of this paper is to understand food practices and in turn to present seven dimensions of visibility to draw out implications for designing mobile and ubiquitous technologies for this new arena for design. We also present a prototype evolving from our qualitative results, the mobile food waste diary.
Ongoing Victim Suffering Increases Prejudice: The Case of Secondary Anti-Semitism

Some people have postulated that the perception of Jews' ongoing suffering from past atrocities can result in an increase in anti-Semitism. This postulated secondary anti-Semitism is compatible with a number of psychological theories, but until now there has been no empirical evidence in support of this notion. The present study provides the first evidence that ongoing suffering evokes an increase in prejudice against the victims. However, this effect became apparent only if respondents felt obliged to respond truthfully because of a bogus pipeline (BPL); without this constraint, the perception of ongoing victim suffering led to a socially desirable reduction in self-reported prejudice. The validity of the BPL manipulation was confirmed by the finding that it moderated the relation between explicit and implicit anti-Semitism, as measured with an affect misattribution procedure.