Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Miocene Fossil of the Amazonian Fish Arapaima (Teleostei, Arapaimidae) from the Magdalena River Region of Colombia-Biogeographic and Evolutionary Implications'

A fragmentary fossil fish skull from the Miocene La Venta fauna, Villavieja Formation, in the upper Magdalena River Valley of Huila Department, Colombia, is determined to be similar and closely related to Arapaima gigas (Arapaimidae), a living species distributed east of the Andes in the large lowland rivers of the Amazon basin and the Guianas. This fossil offers an additional example of a long and conservative history for South American riverine fishes. This discovery corroborates biogeographic and geological evidence for a direct connection of the Magdalena region with the middle Tertiary Amazon watershed and its fauna. The fossil Arapaima and several other fishes from the same area suggest former aquatic communities in the Magdalena region that were once more diverse than the modern fauna. The Magdalena fish fauna was isolated as its watershed formed with Late Miocene uplift of the eastern Cordillera, and this fauna suffered local extinctions presumably as a result of tectonic activity and later Cenozoic climatic change. Older fossils belonging to the Arapaimidae indicate that the Arapaima lineage originated before the Cretaceous Afro-South American drift/vicariance event.
Quantifying the Natural Sentiment Strength of Polar Term Senses Using Semantic Gloss Information and Degree Adverbs

In Sentiment Analysis (SA), a vague assignment of a text to a set of n-ary discrete classes is insufficient. A great deal of research is concentrated on the automated assignment of strength to both terms and the finer-grained term senses, but these strength values rely purely on statistical means, and there is no semantic mechanism involved, leading to potentially biased results. As a solution, this works proposes a model that utilizes only the semantic information manually encoded within the human-defined glosses of term senses, a semantic network, and a set of predefined degree adverbs, in order to quantify their ‘Natural’ Sentiment Strength (NSS) values. The ‘natural’ sentiment strength of a term sense here refers to the strength value derived in a ‘semantically natural’ manner, i.e. the NSS is assigned based on the agreed-upon meanings that humans have naturally assigned to words; and not ‘artificially statistical’, i.e. based a simple metric of probabilistic computation. Intrinsic evaluation against a manually-annotated gold standard benchmark demonstrates that the model outperforms related sense-level lexicon generation models against this same benchmark, and that it is in agreement with human intuition.
Biological characteristics of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hospitals in Colombo

This study was done to determine the antibiogram and biological characteristics of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates, to detect the existence of a multi-resistant strain conforming to an epidemic MRSA strain. Specimens received from some wards of the General Hospital Colombo, and other hospitals in Colombo and from a few out patients, during a fourteen month period, yielded sixty five MRSA strains. These strains were characterized by the following tests: Antibiotic susceptibility tests, coagulase production with human and rabbit plasma, urea hydrolysis at 24 and 48 hours, protein A levels, and pigment production. Forty five MRSA strains were resistant to the same seven antibiotics in addition to methicillin, and were arbitrarily named group A. This was the predominant strain in the surgical units (SU), plastic surgery unit (PSU) and burns unit (BU). Ninety seven percent of MRSA were resistant to at least one aminoglycoside tested. Resistance to fusidic acid (8%), clindamicin (8%) and rifampicin (4.6%) was rare in MRSA's. All MRSA strains tested were sensitive to vancomycin. The multi-resistant strain - group A, differed from the miscellaneous strains (group B) in the following way; they were marginally stronger in the coagulase test than group B, urea hydrolysis was greater at 24 and 48 hours (P=0.0125 and P=0.0165), protein A levels were marginally higher and the strains were more pigmented. Protein A levels were however low in all the MRSA's when compared to the Cowan strain of S. aureus. The multi-resistant, group A strain to some extent showed the biological characteristics of an epidemic strain of MRSA (EMRSA) described in the literature, which have spread among hospitalised patients and caused serious outbreaks of hospital infections. It remains to be seen if this strain too, will be the likely cause of outbreaks of serious hospital infections in Colombo, as has been described elsewhere in the world.
Motion Detection in Low Resolution Grayscale Videos Using Fast Motion Detection in Low Resolution Grayscale Videos Using Fast Normalized Cross Correrelation on GP-GPU Normalized Cross Correrelation on GP-GPU

— Motion estimation (ME) has been widely used in many computer vision applications, such as object tracking, object detection, pattern recognition and video compression. The most popular block based similarity measures are the sum of absolute differences (SAD), the sum of squared differences (SSD) and the normalized cross correlation (NCC). Similarity measure obtained using NCC is more robust under varying illumination changes as compared to SAD and SSD. However NCC is computationally expensive and application of NCC using full or exhaustive search method further increases required computational time. Relatively efficient way of calculating the NCC is to pre-compute sum-tables to perform the normalization referred to as fast NCC (FCC). In this paper we propose real time implementation of full search FCC algorithm applied to gray scale videos using NVIDIA’s Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). We present fine-grained optimization techniques for fully exploiting computational capacity of CUDA. Novel parallelization strategies adopted for extracting data parallelism substantially reduce computational time of exhaustive FCC. We show that by efficient utilization of global, shared and texture memories available on CUDA, we can obtain the speedup of the order of 10x as compared to the sequential implementation of FCC.
Empirical Comparison of Word Similarity Measures Based on Co-Occurrence, Context, and a Vector Space Model

Word similarity is often measured to enhance system performance in the information retrieval field and other related areas. This paper reports on an experimental comparison of values for word similarity measures that were computed based on 50 intentionally selected words from a Reuters corpus. There were three targets, including (1) co-occurrence-based similarity measures (for which a co-occurrence frequency is counted as the number of documents or sentences), (2) context-based distributional similarity measures obtained from a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), and Word2Vec algorithm, and (3) similarity measures computed from the tf-idf weights of each word according to a vector space model (VSM). Here, a Pearson correlation coefficient for a pair of VSM-based similarity measures and co-occurrence-based similarity measures according to the number of documents was highest. Group-average agglomerative hierarchical clustering was also applied to similarity matrices computed by individual measures. An evaluation of the cluster sets according to an answer set revealed that VSM-and LDA-based similarity measures performed best.
The Molecular Classification of Women’s Breast Cancer by immunohistochemical, experience of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria.

Breast cancer is the first cancer of women in Algeria but it remains a poorly known disease. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease from the clinical, histopathological and biological point of view with different prognoses and responses to different therapies. Traditional classifications including histological assessment and clinical staging are used to guide patient management. However, these prognostic and predictive factors are relatively crude measures and many patients are over treated or undertreated as a result. Therefore, we propose, similarly to many series in the literature with 237 cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Hospital-University-Center, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria, to address the new molecular classification of breast cancer by a conventional immune histochemical (IHC ) approach, validated as a replacement technique for microarray analysis, which allows an individualisation of treatment. Our study showed 63.4% luminal tumors A, 10.5% luminal tumors B, 13.6% HER2 phenotype tumors, 12.5% of triple negative tumors whose 84.3% of normal-breast-like, 15.7% of non-basal-like tumors.
Impact of Early Life Giardiasis on Growth, Nutritional Status, and Serum Trace Elements in Children

Giardia lamblia is considered the most common intestinal parasite in humans worldwide.Giardiasis is a major health problem with a great morbid effect on children’s physical and cognitive development. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of giardiasis on children’s growth, assess the serum levels of zinc, copper, and iron, also to study the relation between giardia infections and breastfeeding.Methods: this was a cross-sectional study carried out on 200 children (1-3 years). They were recruited from the outpatient clinics of Al-Zahraa university hospital and National Nutrition Institute. 100 children were infected with giardiasis and 100 were healthy All the studied children were subjected to full history taking, complete clinical examination, anthropometric measures, complete blood count, stool analysis, and estimation of serum level of zinc, copper, and iron.Results: this study revealed an increase in giardiasis in patients with low socioeconomic levels. The prevalence of malnutrition among infected patients as regards Waterlaw’s classification was 55% wasted, 42% stunted, and 42% were wasted & stunted. Anemia is more frequent in patients with giardiasis. There is a significant decrease in the level of serum zinc in infected children which was associated with high rates of diarrhea. Also, there was a significant decrease in serum iron. A statistically significant relation was found between children who received breast milk and protection against giardiasis. Conclusion: Giardiasis is regarded as a serious public health problem, as it causes iron-deficiency anemia, growth retardation in children, and other physical health problems.
Thermal Ecology of Habitat and Microhabitat Use by Sympatric Varanus bengalensis and V. salvator in Sri Lanka

Habitat and microhabitat use by Varanus bengalensis and V. salvator differ considerably; V. bengalensis ranged further inland from aquatic habitats than the semiaquatic V. salvator, which was found mostly in riparian and aquatic habitats. When active, V. bengalensis used warm, open microhabitats, but inactive animals either took refuge in structures such as tree hollows, termite mounds, and burrows or remained in microhabitats which provided some cover but little protective refuge. The temperatures in refuges were stable but lower than daytime air temperatures, whereas the temperatures in the latter microhabitats were unstable. The habitats and microhabitats of V. salvator were, however, thermally stable and cooler than microhabitats of active V. bengalensis. Varanus salvator also used burrows for refuge. The body temperatures of the two species reflected their differential use of thermal habitats and microhabitats; active V. bengalensis, which used warm open microhabitats, had a high active body temperature, but inactive animals in refuges had low body temperatures. Varanus salvator, which used cooler microhabitats during activity and inactivity, maintained a stable but low body temperature. Its body temperature also approximated the ambient temperatures in the riparian and aquatic habitats. Thus, the two species had different thermoregulatory behaviors which required use of habitats and microhabitats with different thermal regimes.
Expression and Protein Level with Cytomegalovirus Infection in Liver Transplant Recipients

Background: Cytokines have regulatory crosstalk with CMV infection leading to manage of post-liver transplantation virus-related outcomes. Objective: To investigate the link between IL-21, IL-23 and IL-27 mRNA and protein level with active CMV infection, which was evaluated in reactivated and non-reactivated liver transplant recipients. Methods: Two groups of liver transplant recipients were enrolled in this study—54 without and 15 with active CMV infection. 3 EDTA-treated blood samples were taken on day 1, 4, and 7 post-liver transplantation. Plasma and buffy coats of all samples were separated. All samples were analyzed for CMV reactivation using antigenemia technique. The separated plasma of positive samples was used for viral DNA extraction and protein evaluation. For evaluating the mRNA expression level by real-time PCR, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were done for all samples. Also, the protein level of studied genes was estimated by ELISA. Results: The expression level of IL-21, IL-23A and IL-27A cytokine genes was increased in CMV reactivated liver transplant recipients in comparison with CMV non-reactivated ones; IL-27A expression pattern was significant (p=0.001) at all sampling times. IL-21 significantly increased on the 2nd and 3rd (p=0.028 and 0.01, respectively) sampling days in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated patients. The expression level of IL-23A cytokine significantly increased on the 3rd (p=0.017) sampling day in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated liver transplant recipients. Conclusion: Elevation in the expression level of IL-21, IL-23A and IL-27A mRNA and protein level in CMV reactivated patients emphasized on the antiviral role of these cytokines in CMV reactivated liver transplant recipients.
Aortic Valve Sclerosis Severity Index is a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Diabetic Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Background: The degree of aortic valve sclerosis can play a major role as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease as in conditions like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Therefore, it can be directly linked to coronary artery diseases (CAD) severity making its assessment and measurement an important step before the costly or invasive investigations to diagnose CAD. The link between diabetes mellitus and CAD is firmly confirmed. DM in general confers a two-fold excess risk of vascular outcomes (coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and vascular deaths) independent of other risk factors. Objective: To assess the association between aortic valve sclerosis severity index and severity of coronary artery disease and hence if it could be also used as a bedside predictor of severity of CAD. Patients and Methods: The study enrolled 100 diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease who were indicated for coronary angiography. Echocardiography was done for all patients to assess the aortic sclerosis severity index. Assessment of severity of CAD was done for all patients using SYNTAX score, number of affected vessels and degree of stenosis were also assessed. Results: There was statistically significant positive strong correlation between average aortic valve sclerosis score index with both SYNTAX score and number of affected vessels (r = 0.944, P value < 0.001 and r = 0.611, P value < 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: Aortic valve sclerosis severity index can be used as a predictor of severity of coronary artery disease in diabetic ischemic patients.
Insect Enemies of Sugarcane In Western Mexico

The major sugarcane pests in western Mexico are two moth-borers, Chilo loftini Dyar and Diatraea lineolata Walker. Neither is held in check by parasites although the latter is fairly well parasitized by Trichogramma late in the summer and is of secondary importance after the first crop. Leptodictya tabida H. S. is everywhere common but is of slight economic importance. A noctuid larva, Saccharaphagos mochisa Schauss is sometimes numerous in ratoon fields, where also occur two species of Cirphis. Tomaspis posticata Walker has lately become a pest of some importance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORT FOR SHORT VISIT: FORCING AXIOMS AND TOWER FORCING

During this short visit (November 6 to November 13, 2011), we worked on problems related to forcing axioms, stationary set reflection, and tower forcing. The main focus was to answer some questions left open by our joint paper [2]. We made significant progress on these questions (see Section 2); of course, the paper resulting from this work will gratefully acknowledge support from the grant for the Short Visit. A tower of ideals of height δ is a δ-sequence of ideals with certain coherence properties; the tower is called presaturated if (roughly) generic ultrapowers using the tower resemble almost-huge embeddings. Woodin proved that there are several natural towers of height δ which are definable over Vδ and are presaturated whenever δ is a Woodin cardinal. On the other hand, compactness properties of the critical point of the tower can sometimes conflict with presaturation of the tower: (1) Burke [1] showed that, if κ is supercompact and δ > κ is inaccessible, then there is a tower of height δ with critical point κ which is not even precipitous. (2) Foreman-Magidor [4] proved that strong forcing axioms like MM and PFA conflict with some nice ideals/towers with critical point ω2 (e.g. the IAstationary tower is not presaturated; there is no presaturated ideal on ω2; (ω3, ω2) (ω2, ω1) fails).
EFFECTS OF SERVICE RESPONSIVENESS ON GUESTS’ SATISFACTION WITH HOMESTAY FACILITIES IN NYERI AND LAIKIPIA COUNTIES, KENYA

Service responsiveness is an important issue related to organization responsiveness. Meanwhile, the extent to which service responsiveness influences emotions and service outcomes is key in ensuring customer satisfaction. To enhance more integration with the local culture and cuisines, tourists increasingly prefer to stay in accommodation facilities owned by local people. Consequently, the national and the county governments, as well as, other stakeholders in the tourism industry have continued to emphasize the importance of homestays in tourism development. In its Vision 2030, the Kenyan government targets to certify 1000 homestay sites to promote cultural tourism among other forms of tourism. However, the responsiveness of services offered in the homestays and their effect on guest satisfaction is not well documented. Therefore, this study used the case of Nyeri and Laikipia Counties to establish the effects of service responsiveness on guests’ satisfaction with homestay facilities. The study was guided by expectancy-disconfirmation theory and adopted both descriptive cross-sectional survey and explanatory designs. The study targeted 56 homestay hosts and 171 guests. Probability Proportion to Size (PPS) sampling was used to sample 85 and 54 guests from Nyeri and Laikipia Counties respectively. Census was used to select 56 homestay hosts. Primary data from guests and hosts was collected using questionnaires while document analysis provided secondary information. Pre-test of research instruments was done on fourteen guests and six hosts in Murang’a County to ascertain the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the guest questionnaire was 0.8 while that of the host questionnaire was 0.9. Linear regression analysis was used to establish the effects of service responsivenes on guests’ satisfaction. The research findings that service responsiveness positively affect guests satisfaction in homestay facilities (β= 0.213, p= 0.018). To improve on responsiveness, the homestay owners need to have training programs intended to improve skills and desire to provide guests with the best possible services. There is need to maintain service provision standards to meet requirements of customers by employees ensuring that every contact with customer is positive to satisfaction.
A Patulous Progress: International Entrepreneurship Effects on Chinese Born-Global Firm Performance

Using data from SMEs in Hubei province, the role of entrepreneurship in the sustainable performance of born global firms in China was discussed. The structural equation modeling analysis of 345 questionnaires indicates that both international knowledge and international entrepreneurial capability are significantly related to born global firms’ performance. Dynamic capabilities, which includes three sub-dimensions: adaptation capability, absorption capability and innovation capability, was found to be less important to firm performance. Therefore, it may be argued that born global firms in inland China are still limited by resources, including those generated from the international knowledge needed to adapt to internal and external pressures.
DAFTAR ISI Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengelolahan Online Proposal pada Mata Kuliah Technopreneurship dengan Fitur Proses Coaching dan Mentoring

A website is one of information & communication technology applications that support an organization to deliver information to their stake holders. In order effectively and efficiently using this technology, the administrators should be able to use the administration features easily. One of the major obstacles in adding or updating the website articles, is preparing the media for the articles, including the images or photographs needed. The administrators should have a basic understanding of photo editor softwares as they need to process the images prior uploading them to server. One of the most common operations it to crop the photo to improve its quality, especially related to its composition. To overcome this issue, the administration page of the website should provide a feature that allow the administrators to have an image cropping feature, similar to that of popular image editor applications found on the market. This feature should be developed as a web-based application that can be used directly on the article page editor, so that administrators can do the operations without having to open another application, which sometimes also not available. The application will be developed using server-side as well as client-side scripting technologies. The development technology are: PHP programming language and phpThumb class on the server side, and HTML, JQuery JavaScript framework, and plug-in Jcrop on the client side. The result is an application module that can be placed on a page of a website administrator. This application can be developed further into a module that can be installed and configured easily in order to customize the look of a site design.
Morphological Study and Determination of M/E Ratio in the Bone Marrow of the Male Adult Ostriches (Struthio camelus)

Normal haematopoiesis, cellular components and M/E ratio in the bone marrow of the male adult ostriches (Struthio camelus) were studied. Bone marrow samples were collected from the proximal tibiotarsus bone of 10 healthy adult ostriches. The bone marrow smears were stained using the Giemsa stain. The results indicated that the development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow of partridge were similar to other birds. The morphology of the cells was similar to chickens, ducks, quail, and black-head gull. The mean myeloid/erythroid (M/E) ratio was 1.02, the mean erythroid percentage was 47.38%, the mean myeloid percentage was 48.15%, the mean thrombocytic percentage was 3.52% and the mean percentage of all other cells percentage was 0.99%.