Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study to evaluate the role of serum LDH in the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia by treatment response at a tertiary care center in the northeastern part of India

Megaloblastic anemia and Myelodysplastic syndrome are generally considered mutually exclusive diagnosis and at times becomes difficult to diagnose on the first encounter even after performing bone marrow examination. Aim of this study is to evaluate the role of LDH in the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia by treatment response at a tertiary care center in the northeastern part of India. Patients with age more than 12 years, Hemoglobin of patients less than 10 gm/dl, MCV ≥ 100 fl, Reticulocyte count <2.5 were included in the study. Based on serum LDH level patients were divided into two groups. Group A with serum LDH level ≥ 1200 U/L and Group B with serum LDH level of less than 1200 U/L. All these patients of serum LDH ≥1200 U/L were given a treatment trial of injectable Vitamin B12 containing 1000 μg of Vitamin B12 for 14 days. The response to treatment was monitored by an increment in reticulocyte count at day 5 and day 14. Bone marrow aspiration was done in all patients who had serum LDH less than 1200 mg/dl. Seventy-nine consecutive patients, who presented with anemia (Hb<10 g/dl) and macrocytosis (MCV > 100 fl) were included in the study. Median LDH values were higher in the patients who responded ( vitamin B12 deficient megaloblastic anemia ) as compared to non-responders. 93.5% of patients with megaloblastic anemia had Vitamin B12 deficiency, and in comparison, the folic acid deficiency was present among just 6.5 percent patients. Serum Vitamin B 12 and Folic acid level should not be used as a sole criterion for the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia and other parameters such as MCV, LDH, and characteristic blood picture, should all be taken into consideration before planning an appropriate treatment strategy.
Assessment of biological safety: A social and legal aspect

The article is dealed with problems and prospects of experiments with biological objects directed on change of a natural hereditary basis, which include risks of creation of new unnatural living organisms that can represent biological danger to the humans and environment. We noted that the possibility of uncontrolled creation of highly pathogenic strains of microorganisms, which do not exist in nature, for humans or animals, poses a great threat. We considered that such new pathogenic strains should be dangerous to the environment and will inevitably endanger human and animal life on the planet. There are several quite convincing examples in the world illustrated the danger of invading the genetic program of a living organism, while ignoring the laws of evolution and genetics, focusing only on short-term financial benefits to individuals, companies or financial groups. We established that a key element in preventing the spread of infection from laboratories or other artificial places of consolidation is the strict implementation of standard microbiological requirements. The development of effective measures to prevent and eliminate the consequences of biological attacks, taking into account their various possible scenarios, should be based on biomedical, social, economic and legal criteria. We suggested we need to consider the cost-benefit analysis and other indices characterizing the state of ecology, economy, health, and social relations when implement the measures on biological safety. In Ukraine today there is a priority to develop a legislative position in the field of counteraction to bioterrorism. This issue concerns not only the development and adoption of special laws, but also the implementation of the policy of "efficiency" against biological threats by the relevant state authorities. This also includes the establishment of full state control over enterprises and institutions related to biological agents and toxins, and the improvement of the system of "state-scientist" to control the leakage of professional knowledge outside the country.
Accepted 15 April, 2010

This work was to characterize the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Artemisia annua roots induced by an oligosaccharide elicitor (OE) from Fusarium oxysporum mycelium and their relationship with artemisinin production. In the hairy root cultures, the OE at 0.3 mg total sugar/ml evoked a rapid production of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent NO and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) potentiated OE-induced H2O2 production. The OE-induced NOS activity was suppressed by NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and H2O2 scavenger catalase (CAT), while the induced NADPH oxidase activity was decreased by the NOS inhibitor and NO scavenger. Moreover, the OE-induced NO and ROS were involved in stimulating the artemisinin accumulation in the hairy roots. These results suggest that NO and ROS could play a role in the elicitor-induced responses and secondary metabolism activities in A. annua.
Exposition to chemical substances and câncer: epidemiological, genetic and molecular aspects

A systematic literature review between 1999-2007 on the association between chemical exposure and cancer was carried out, and it was highlighted the case study of worldwide and Brazilian experiences of pesticides exposure. Current knowledge on the carcinogenesis process and the role of single genetic polymorphisms were addressed, both from a molecular and an epidemiological approach. Some examples of such association were discussed on the occupational and the environmental (affecting the general population) perspectives.
An Overview on WiMAX Security Weaknesses / Potential Solutions

98 Abstract — Nowadays anyone from anywhere in the all world can access all types of data with a high level of QoS. The wireless industry continues to change day by day, tending to use the equipment more easily and safely and with a connection speed that tends to be higher and higher. But this mobility has its price. Intruders or illegitimate users can access important data and data is money. For this reason technologies used in data transmission need extra data security. Even if WiMAX technology has complex authentication and authorization methods and very strong encryption techniques is still vulnerable on different attacks or threats like jamming, scrambling or water torture attacks. This paperwork is an overview of most threats involved in infrastructure and WiMAX deployment and the security solutions needed to overcome them.
Economic History and Cliometrics Lab Working Paper # 11 Legislative Malapportionment and institutional persistence

This paper argues that legislative malapportionment, denoting a discrepancy between the share of legislative seats and the share of population held by electoral districts, serves as a tool for predemocratic elites to preserve their political power and economic interests after a transition to democracy. We claim that legislative malapportionment enhances the predemocratic elite’s political influence by overrepresenting areas that are more likely to vote for parties aligned with the elite. This biased political representation survives in equilibrium as long as it helps democratic consolidation. We use data from Latin America to document empirically that malapportionment increases the probability of transitioning to a democracy. Moreover, our data show that overrepresented electoral districts are more likely to vote for parties close to pre-democracy ruling groups. We also find that overrepresented areas have lower levels of political competition and they receive more transfers per capita from the central government, both of which favor the persistence of power of predemocracy elites. JEL Classification Number: H1, N46, N10, P16, P48 LEGISLATIVE MALAPPORTIONMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL PERSISTENCE Miriam Bruhn Francisco Gallego Massimiliano Onorato This Version: October 2010 First Version: June 2007
Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease Outbreak and Carriage Evaluation at a College-Rhode Island,2015

2015年2月2日,美国罗德岛州卫生部门获知普罗维登斯学院出现1例男性大学生脑膜炎球菌疾病。 3天后,报告第2例男性大学生病例,与第1例患者无接触史,罹患率为44/10万,约是全国17~22岁人群发病率的500倍[0.15/10万,2013年美国疾病预防与控制中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC)国家免疫和呼吸系统疾病中心细菌性疾病部未发表的数据]。 上述2例病例均由B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria Meningitides,Nm)罕见的爆发株(ST-
An internal state variable plasticity-based approach to determine dynamic loading history effects on material property in manufacturing processes

Worked materials in large deformation processes such as forming and machining experience a broad range of strain, strain rate, and temperatures, which in turn affect the flow stress. However, the flow stress also highly depends on many other factors such as strain path, strain rate and temperature history. Only a model that includes all of these pertinent factors is capable of predicting complex stress state in material deformation. In this paper, the commonly used phenomenological plasticity models (Johnson–Cook, Usui, etc.) to characterize material behavior in forming and machining were critically reviewed. Although these models are easy to apply and can describe the general response of material deformation, these models lack the mechanisms to reflect static and dynamic recovery and the effects of load path and strain rate history in large deformation processes. These effects are essential to understand process mechanisms, especially surface integrity (residual stress, microhardness, and microstructure) of the manufactured products. As such a dislocation-based internal state variable (ISV) plasticity model was used, in which the evolution equations enable the prediction of strain rate history and temperature history effects. These effects can be quite large and cannot be modeled by the equation-of-state models that assume that stress is a unique function of the total strain, strain rate, and temperature, independent of the loading path. The temperature dependence of the hardening and recovery functions results in the prediction of thermal softening during adiabatic temperatures rises, which are common in metal forming and machining. The dynamic mechanical behaviors of three different benchmark work materials, titanium Ti-6Al-4V, AISI 52100 steel (62 HRc), and aluminum 6061-T6, were modeled using the ISV approach. The material see front matter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ijmecsci.2005. 04.015 ding author. Tel. : +1 205 348 2615; fax: +1 205 348 6419. ress: yguo@coe.eng.ua.edu (Y.B. Guo).
Study of Clinical Characteristics and Clinical Complications of Norovirus gastroenteritis in Admitted Children to the Hospital

Aim: The current study aimed to detect Norovirus infections based on the use of sensitive and specific Multiplex PCR and to evaluate their clinical symptoms among children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among patients with acute gastroenteritis (99 subjects) admitted to Ali Asghar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2014 and 2015. Fecal specimens were examined for Norovirus using Multiplex PCR. Clinical characteristics and severity of diarrhea were provided as a comparison of two groups (norovirus-positive and -negative children) using Chi-squared and independent Samples t-test. Results: The prevalence of Norovirus infection was determined as 18%, among all samples genotyped, all genogroup was determined as GII and the GI was not identified in any of the samples. The age of non-Norovirus patients (16 months) was found to be significantly higher than that of Norovirus-positive patients (9 months) (P = 0.001). Based on the data presented herein, patients with Norovirus infection were diagnosed with fever in more than 50% of them followed by diarrhea (90%), vomiting (over 80%), and abnormalities (over 80%). however, no clear difference was found as comparison of both groups. The serum potassium level in non-Norovirus patients was found to be increased as compared to Norovirus positive patients (0.011) and the presence of hypoxia (Po2) in patients with Norovirus infection suffering from diarrhea was markedly higher when comparing with non-Norovirus types (P = 0.014). Moreover, MCV levels in Norovirus positive patients were significantly lower as compared to subjects with non-Norovirus diarrhea (p = 0.045). Conclusions: Our data suggested that this genotyping of Norovirus, due to their higher rate of attack, is likely to cause a severe viral outbreak. The most important result of this study is the change in the level of potassium in patients with heart problems.
BISMUTH SUBNITRATE IN THE THERAPY OF HYPERTENSION

1. The importance of finding and so far as possible eradicating the source of vascular injury and in eliminating the factor of vascular fatigue in hypertension is emphasized. 2. Bismuth subnitrate in small oral doses over a long period of time causes vascular relaxation by the continuous absorption of small quantities of nitrite ions, thus permitting of vascular rest. 3. In this respect it has a great advantage over the ordinary nitrites which have a violent and transient effect. 4. Therapeutically the use of bismuth subnitrate is of considerable assistance in the management of arterial hypertension. 5. Prophylactically bismuth subnitrate is of value in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy, other than acute eclampsia. 6. Clinical data in summary and detail are presented to support the above statement. 7. Further study along the lines of etiologic and physiologic therapy is desirable. The present report is but one step in this direction.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

To simplify decision making processes, online platforms frequently display reputation star ratings as an indication of the quality of a product, service, or organization. Can information provided by such star ratings draw away attention from other information? This is an important question for platform developers to adjust the use of such ratings. We conduct a between-subjects laboratory experiment (n = 121) where we manipulate the difference between the reputation star ratings of two social profit organizations, and ask respondents to indicate which organization they prefer. Applying eye-tracking technology, we analyze how the visual attention between the treatment conditions differs. Our findings show that reputation star ratings are consulted as complementary information, rather than as substitute information. Moreover, the results suggest that the lack of stars – not the presence of more stars – attracts visual attention.
Simulations for InAlAs digital alloy avalanche photodiodes

3D band structure-based Monte Carlo simulations have been utilized to simulate InAlAs digital alloy avalanche photodiodes. The simulated current–voltage curve and excess noise factor fit well with experimental results. Ionization coefficients calculated by the Monte Carlo technique were incorporated into the recurrence model, which is easier to implement and requires less computation time.3D band structure-based Monte Carlo simulations have been utilized to simulate InAlAs digital alloy avalanche photodiodes. The simulated current–voltage curve and excess noise factor fit well with experimental results. Ionization coefficients calculated by the Monte Carlo technique were incorporated into the recurrence model, which is easier to implement and requires less computation time.
Depression in elderly patients with hearing loss: current perspectives in Aging

: Hearing loss (HL) is highly common in older adulthood, constituting the third most prevalent chronic health condition in this population. In addition to posing a substantial burden to disease and negatively impacting quality of life, an emerging literature highlights that HL is associated with unipolar depression including among older adults. This review outlines evidence examining the HL and depression relationship as well as clinical implications for assessment and treatment of comorbid depression and HL. Although prevalence estimates of comorbid depression in HL vary, as many as 1 in 5 experience clinically relevant depression symptoms. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies indicate that HL is related to increased unipolar depression symptoms, although the strength of the association varies between studies. A range of methodological variations, such as inclusion age, severity of HL and assessment of depression, likely underpin this heterogeneity. Overall, however, the evidence clearly points to an association of HL with clinically relevant depression symptoms. The association with the diagnosis of major depression disorder remains less clear and under-researched. HL is also associated with a range of other poor mental health outcomes in older adults, including anxiety and suicidal ideation, and predicts poorer cognitive functioning. Accordingly, assessment and treatment of comorbid depression in HL is pertinent to promote mental well-being among older adults. Currently, evidence regarding best practice for treating depression in HL remains scant. Preliminary evidence indicates that audiological rehabilitation, including use of hearing aids, as well as community-based hearing interventions can also improve mental health. Psychological intervention that enhances communication skills and addresses coping strategies might also be bene ﬁ cial for this population. Additionally, evidence suggests that online interventions are feasible and may circumvent communication dif ﬁ culties in therapy associated with HL. Due to poor help-seeking among this population, an enhanced focus on speci ﬁ c and targeted assessment and treatment is likely necessary to ensure reduced mental health burden among older adults with HL.
A Text Mining Pipeline Using Active and Deep Learning Aimed at Curating Information in Computational Neuroscience

The curation of neuroscience entities is crucial to ongoing efforts in neuroinformatics and computational neuroscience, such as those being deployed in the context of continuing large-scale brain modelling projects. However, manually sifting through thousands of articles for new information about modelled entities is a painstaking and low-reward task. Text mining can be used to help a curator extract relevant information from this literature in a systematic way. We propose the application of text mining methods for the neuroscience literature. Specifically, two computational neuroscientists annotated a corpus of entities pertinent to neuroscience using active learning techniques to enable swift, targeted annotation. We then trained machine learning models to recognise the entities that have been identified. The entities covered are Neuron Types, Brain Regions, Experimental Values, Units, Ion Currents, Channels, and Conductances and Model organisms. We tested a traditional rule-based approach, a conditional random field and a model using deep learning named entity recognition, finding that the deep learning model was superior. Our final results show that we can detect a range of named entities of interest to the neuroscientist with a macro average precision, recall and F1 score of 0.866, 0.817 and 0.837 respectively. The contributions of this work are as follows: 1) We provide a set of Named Entity Recognition (NER) tools that are capable of detecting neuroscience entities with performance above or similar to prior work. 2) We propose a methodology for training NER tools for neuroscience that requires very little training data to get strong performance. This can be adapted for any sub-domain within neuroscience. 3) We provide a small corpus with annotations for multiple entity types, as well as annotation guidelines to help others reproduce our experiments.
Innovative Approach to Flame Retardant Cotton Fabrics with Phosphorus Rich Casein via Layer-by-Layer Processing

Flame retardant behaviour was imparted using the layer-by layer assemblies of phosphorus rich casein milk protein with eco-friendly inorganic chemicals on cotton fabrics. The cotton twill fabrics were prepared using two solutions; a mixture of positively charged branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) with urea and diammonium phosphate (DAP), and negatively charged casein. Layer-by-layer assemblies for flame retardant properties were applied using the pad-dry-cure method, and each coating formula was rotated for 20 bi-layers. The effectiveness to resist flame spread on treated fabrics was evaluated using vertical (ASTM D6413-08) and 45° angle flammability test (ASTM D1230-01) methods. In most case, char lengths of fabrics that passed the vertical flammability tests were less than 50% of the original length, and after-flame and after-glow times were less than one second. Thermal properties were tested the extent of char produced by untreated and treated fabrics at 600°C by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Micro-scale combustion calorimeter (MCC) and Limiting oxygen indices (LOI, ASTM D2863-09) were also assessed. All untreated fabrics showed LOI values of about 21% oxygen in nitrogen. LOI values for the treated casein with BPEI/urea/DAP fabrics were greater than 29-34% between 5.80-9.59 add on wt%. Their structural characterizations were revealed by TGA/FT-IR and SEM methods. The treated fabrics exhibited improved thermal stability, as evidenced by increased ignition times and lower heat release rates. The results of this study show that flame retardant nanocoatings can be readily applied to textile fabrics using a continuous process that is ideal for commercial and industrial applications.
A Framework for Hypertext Based Diagnostic Information Fusion

We have shown in preceding papers the feasibility of developing a framework for building hypertext based diagnosis systems. It was based on a novel definition and implementation of hypertext systems, which are more appropriate to account for the structural properties, which exist in any document describing a given engineering system. This framework also used a model ontology building method for representing our knowledge of a given system, its functioning process, as well as the occurrence of certain faults and the description of the corresponding diagnosis processes. In this paper we present the development of this approach in the case of the vibration diagnosis of rotating machines. We have developed an ontology of rotating machines by using the model ontology building method embedded in our hypertext system. It permits to browse across the ontological knowledge base for performing the diagnosis process. Given a certain problem, the user can chose among different methods, which one is the most appropriate. This choice relies on arguments, which are provided by the ontology. If several methods are used concurrently, the ontology provides a guidance for deciding, which tool to believe.
Primal-dual block-proximal splitting for a class of non-convex problems

We develop block structure adapted primal-dual algorithms for non-convex non-smooth optimisation problems whose objectives can be written as compositions $G(x)+F(K(x))$ of non-smooth block-separable convex functions $G$ and $F$ with a non-linear Lipschitz-differentiable operator $K$. Our methods are refinements of the non-linear primal-dual proximal splitting method for such problems without the block structure, which itself is based on the primal-dual proximal splitting method of Chambolle and Pock for convex problems. We propose individual step length parameters and acceleration rules for each of the primal and dual blocks of the problem. This allows them to convergence faster by adapting to the structure of the problem. For the squared distance of the iterates to a critical point, we show local $O(1/N)$, $O(1/N^2)$ and linear rates under varying conditions and choices of the step lengths parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the methods on practical inverse problems: diffusion tensor imaging and electrical impedance tomography.