Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atrial Fibrillation With Valvular Heart Disease　- New Insight Into Clinical Outcomes.

are considered to occur frequently in patients with MS or mechanical valves, as defined by the “valvular AF (VAF)”, for which warfarin should be administered according to the AF management guidelines in Japan4 and Western countries.5 However, warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) can be used for aortic stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and tricuspid regurgitation, so called “non-valvular AF with valvular heart disease (NVAF-VHD)”. Nonetheless, there are few data on the current status of oral anticoagulants (OACs) W hile the number of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has been dramatically increasing in the super-aged society of Japan, the causes of AF are changing. Mitral stenosis (MS), the primary manifestation of rheumatic heart disease, is now a relatively uncommon cause, and it has recently been documented in only 3.5% of the J-RHYTHM Registry1 patients. The annual incidence of stroke/systemic embolism (SE) is thought to be 3.7% in patients with MS. Concomitant MS and AF increases the stroke/SE risk by 3to 7-fold that of MS alone.2 In contrast, the 30-year survival rate of patients with mechanical valve replacements in Japan is relatively high at 38%, while AF is the only independent predictor of stroke/SE.3 Stroke/SEs Article p 714
Myasthenia Gravis Impairment Index: Sensitivity for Change in Generalized Muscle Weakness

Introduction: The recently developed Myasthenia Gravis Impairment Index (MGII) is a promising measure as it has less floor effects and a higher relative efficiency in its responsiveness to treatment effect compared to other MG measures. This study aimed at validating the MGII in a Dutch cohort of MG patients and analyzing the sensitivity of MGII compared to MG-ADL for changes in generalized weakness. Methods: We analyzed (generalized items of; -gen) MGII, quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG), Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL), EQ-5D visual analog, Myasthenia Gravis Composite (MGC) and ACTIVLIM (an ADL questionnaire focusing on generalized weakness) scores in a prospective cohort of 99 MG patients. We investigated correlations between MGII and other outcome measures. We used a generalized linear model to assess whether MGIIgen had an additional sensitivity on top of MG-ADLgen for changes (Δ) in QMGgen in individual patients. Results: MGII had a lower floor effect (4%) compared to QMG (6%), MG-ADL (11%) and MGC (16%). MGII correlated well with QMG (r = 0.68), MG-ADL (r = 0.83) and MGC (r = 0.74). As expected, the correlations with EQ visual analog and ACTIVLIM were lower (r = – 0.57 and – 0.48). ΔMGIIgen had an additional value on top of ΔMG-ADLgen in the prediction of ΔQMGgen (B = 0.54, p = 0.01). Discussion: The MGII score was cross-culturally validated in a Dutch cohort of MG patients. MGII had a higher sensitivity for generalized weakness than MG-ADL.
Generation of an Enteric Smooth Muscle Cell Line from the Pig Ileum.

Smooth muscle cells play an important role in physiology and production in farm animals such as pigs. Here, we report the generation of a pig smooth muscle cell line. Our original objective was to establish an enteroendocrine cell line from the pig ileum epithelium through lentiviral transduction of the Simian Virus (SV) 40 large T antigen. However, an initial expression analysis of marker genes in nine cell clones revealed that none of them were enteroendocrine cells or absorptive enterocytes, goblet cells, or Paneth cells, major cell types existing in the ileum epithelium. A more detailed characterization of one clone named PIC7 by RNA-seq showed that these cells expressed many of the known smooth muscle-specific or -enriched genes, including smooth muscle actin alpha 2, calponin 1, calponin 3, myosin heavy chain 11, myosin light chain kinase, smoothelin, tenascin C, transgelin, tropomyosin 1, and tropomyosin 2. Both qPCR and RNA-seq analyses showed that the PIC7 cells had high expression of mRNA for smooth muscle actin gamma 2, also known as enteric smooth muscle actin. A western blot analysis confirmed the expression of SV40 T antigen in the PIC7 cells. An immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the expression of smooth muscle actin alpha 2 filaments in the PIC7 cells. A collagen gel contraction assay showed that the PIC7 cells were capable of both spontaneous contraction and contraction in response to serotonin stimulation. We conclude that the PIC7 cells are derived from an enteric smooth muscle cell from the pig ileum. These cells may be a useful model for studying the cellular and molecular physiology of pig enteric smooth muscle cells. Because pigs are similar to humans in anatomy and physiology, the PIC7 cells may be also used as a model for human intestinal smooth muscle cells.
Comparative evaluation of fatigue in medical and engineering students and their opinion on yoga as ameliorative agent: A questionnaire study

Background: Medical and engineering courses are two prominent streams of studies preferred by Indian students at the undergraduate level and both are known to be strenuous and rigorous. Objectives: The Objective of this study was to assess the levels of physical and mental fatigue among the final year Medical and Engineering undergraduate students and their opinion on including yoga as a stress reliever in academic curriculum. Methods: The study was carried out among 19-21 yr old normal final year students of Engineering and Medical College. The participation was voluntary and willing students were requested to fill Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) questionnaire and a self designed questionnaire on inclusion of yoga as reliever of stress. Results: A total of one hundred and eight final year students of medical and engineering students voluntarily completed the survey instruments. FAS score indicated that medical students had higher levels of stress than engineering students and was statistically significant (p < 0.001). With regard to the most stressful academic phase, medical students rated undergraduate curriculum and preparing for postgraduate exams as toughest, while engineering students rated pre-university phase as strenuous. With respect to priorities in career, medical students emphasized on higher education (post graduation), while engineering student’s preferred professional career. More than 50% of students of both professional courses opined yoga to be ideal and that it should be incorporated in school curriculum. Conclusion: This study indicates that medical students incur more mental fatigue than the engineering students and that the students of both stream indicated that Yoga would be an ideal reliever of stress and fatigue. These observations if implemented by academic institutions could be of possible help in amelioration of the stress in students of these streams of studies.
A novel p.N66T mutation in exon 3 of the SOD1 gene: report of two families of ALS patients with early cognitive impairment

Abstract Introduction: To date more than 180 different mutations in the SOD1 gene have been described in ALS; some of these mutations are associated to peculiar clinical features and have contributed to the understanding of disease heterogeneity. Only 5% of SOD1 mutations involve exon 3. Here we report a novel mutation c.197A > C in the exon 3 of the SOD1 gene in two apparently unrelated ALS families with early respiratory and cognitive impairment. Case report: In the first family two brothers developed ALS in their seventies, with arm weakness followed by bulbar involvement and behavioral breakdown. An unrelated 57-year-old man presented with progressive leg weakness and mild compromised executive functions without known family history for ALS/FTD and underwent invasive ventilation in a few months. A novel missense mutation A to C at codon 197 in exon 3 causing aminoacid substitution of arginine by threonine (N66T) was found for all of them. Harmful consequences of c.197A > C mutation on SOD1 function were suggested by in silico prediction and homology with other known mutations at the same position. Discussion and conclusion: Here, we report two apparently unrelated ALS families carrying a novel SOD1 mutation (N66T), supporting its pathogenic role by primary analysis, and characterized by early bulbar, respiratory, and cognitive involvement. Early cognitive impairment has been rarely described in ALS caused by SOD1 mutations, and mainly in the later phases of the disease. This report provides additional data on the SOD1 mutation spectrum and clinical presentation of ALS, widening phenotypical characterization of SOD1 ALS.
Abstract processing of a positive memory is associated with recalling positive memories from an observer perspective

ABSTRACT Abstract ruminative processing and recalling memories from an observer perspective represent two cognitive processes with adverse consequences in depression. However, no study to date has investigated the interrelationship of abstract processing, observer perspective and depression symptoms in the context of recalling personal emotional (positive, negative) memories, nor imagining emotional future events. An unselected online sample (N = 342) of participants was randomly allocated to one of four conditions: to recall a memory of a positive or negative event, or to imagine a future positive or negative event. Participants rated the vantage perspective from which they recalled or imagined the event, and the extent to which they engaged in abstract processing about it. For positive memories, a positive correlation emerged between abstract processing of the memory and observer recall; this relationship remained significant when depression symptoms were controlled. Abstract processing and vantage perspective were unrelated in the remaining three conditions. Whilst our findings await replication with a clinical sample to confirm generalisability to depressed individuals, they underscore the importance of investigating cognitive processes that influence positive memory recall and provide preliminary evidence that abstract processing of a positive memory is related to recalling the memory from an observer perspective.
Ecological Factors Associated to Social and Emotional Skill Development: Chronic exposure to violence in the context of the Colombian Civil Conflict

Cognitive, social, and emotional development throughout life is contingent to affordances of the environments in which individuals develop. These abilities are the result of multiple interactions with our ecosystem and the people that surround us. Namely, chronic exposure to violence has been shown to tamper positive human development. These potential negative consequences are particularly challenging in Colombia, a country stricken by more than five decades of civil conflict. In this paper, we evaluate the extent in which chronic exposure to violence —measured at the municipality level— affects children and adolescent’s social and emotional development. Our findings indicate that exposure to violence —particularly homicides— has an important negative association with unique measures of: (i) empathy, (ii) subjective beliefs on the acceptability of the use of violence, and (iii) non-confrontational reactions when provoked, all measured in a national standardized test. Additionally, we observe that the schools in the most violent municipalities are precisely the ones that have less resources that moderate the association between skill development and violence. ***** El desarrollo cognitivo, social y emocional a lo largo de la vida es contingente a elementos del entorno en el cual los individuos se desarrollan. Asi, estas habilidades son el resultado de multiples interacciones con nuestro ecosistema y las personas que nos rodean. En particular, se ha demostrado como la exposicion cronica a violencia dificulta el desarrollo positivo. Las consecuencias potenciales son especialmente importantes en Colombia, pais que ha estado sumergido en mas de cinco decadas de conflicto armado. En el presente articulo evaluamos como la exposicion a violencia –a nivel municipal– afecta las habilidades sociales y emocionales de ninos y adolescentes. Identificamos que la exposicion a violencia –especialmente los homicidios– tiene un efecto negativo sobre: (i) la empatia, (ii) la justificacion sobre el uso de la violencia, y (iii) las respuestas pacificas ante provocacion, aspectos medidos en una prueba estandarizada nacional. Adicionalmente, observamos que las escuelas en los municipios mas violentos son justamente las que cuentan menos con algunos recursos que moderan la relacion entre violencia y el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y emocionales de los estudiantes.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

The objective of this study is to empirically investigate the relationship between corporate governance (measured by Board Structure index, Ownership Structure index and Audit Committee index) and firm’s performance (measured by Return on Asset) of selected Nigerian manufacturing companies. The study adopted ex-post facto research design. Random sampling was used to select 30 companies out of a total population of 45 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, for a time period of 2010 to 2014. Secondary data (financial and non-financial) were collected from the annual reports and accounts of the selected listed manufacturing companies. Multiple regression analysis and descriptive statistics were used in analyzing the data. F-stat and t-stat were used to test the hypothesis. The results of the study show that Board structure index had a significant positive relationship with performance (ROA) of the sampled manufacturing companies. Also, it was found that Audit committee index had a positive but insignificant relationship with the performance (ROA) of the sampled manufacturing companies, while Ownership structure index had an insignificant negative relationship with performance (ROA) of the sampled manufacturing companies. In conclusion, the study revealed that the performance indicator (ROA) related with each component of the Corporate Governance Index in a peculiar manner. It is therefore suggested that reform efforts should be directed towards improving the corporate governance of listed Nigerian manufacturing companies, especially emphasis should be devoted to the variables of Ownership Structure and Audit Committee.
Analysis of Induction and Permanent Magnet Motors for Aerospace Applications Using Multiple Slices FE Technique and Pseudo-cooling Thermal Boundary Conditions

Two original numerical techniques are developed for the finite element (FE) transient analysis of induction and permanent magnet motors operating in demanding aerospace applications. The first technique is the electromagnetic and thermal analysis weak coupling using a multiple slices 2D FE model. The advantage of the specific technique is the representation of complex actuator geometries including skewed magnets and winding ends, by using a low computational cost 2D model while taking into consideration temperature dependent material attributes. The second technique consists in the development of properly defined boundary conditions for the emulation of the cooling housing of actuators. Those boundary conditions are applied at the outer surface of the actuators in contact with the housing and eliminate the need of modeling complex 3D geometries of highly integrated actuator housings.
Asperosaponin VI Injection Enhances Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats

Background This study was performed to investigate the effect of local injection of asperosaponin VI (ASA VI) on the orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Material/Methods A total of 64 healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and divided into 2 groups randomly: the ASA VI group and the control group. For the ASA VI group, 10 mg/kg ASA VI solution was injected into buccal submucoperiosteal of bilaterally first maxillary molars, and the same volume of normal saline was given to the control group. The orthodontic force was applied to the maxillary first molars. All rats were sacrificed on days 3, 7, or 14. Tooth movement effects on the periodontium were analyzed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemistry analysis. Tooth movement measurements and alveolar bone volumetric changes were analyzed using a micro-computed tomography (CT) scan. Molecular changes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Results The ASA VI group presented with a significant increase of tooth movement, osteoclast number, and the expression of osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF) compared with the control group. ASA VI also induced a significant decrease in bone volume and density and an increase in trabecular spacing and RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) expression at the compression side. Furthermore, ASA VI stimulated bone formation on the tension side by enhancing OCN (osteocalcin) expression and RUNX2 (runt-related transcription factor 2) expression, increasing bone volume and density and decreasing in trabecular spacing. Conclusions Injection of ASA VI may accelerate tooth movement via increasing the activity of osteoclasts, stimulating bone resorption at the compression side. Furthermore, ASA VI has a positive effect on bone formation at the tension side.
Evaluation of Internet Addiction and Mental Health Among Medical Sciences Students in the Southeast of Iran

Background: Today, the prevalence of Internet Addiction (IA) is increasing among college students and the mental health of students is reduced with the increasing severity of IA. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate IA and mental health among medical sciences students in the southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 417 students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Southeast of Iran, during year 2016. The participants were recruited through a two-stage stratified sampling method. The data collection was done using Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) and Goldberg General Health (GHQ) standard questionnaires. Data analysis were performed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation, chi-square, and logistic regression tests using SPSS software for Windows version 16. Results: The overall prevalence of IA in students was 27.56 (95 CI: 21.3 to 30.8). The prevalence of IA was 15.82 (95 CI: 11.3 to 19.7) in male and 11.74 (95 CI: 8.5 to 14.6) in female students. Mean mental health was 39.90 Â± 1.34 and 48.17 Â± 2.56 in normal and addicted users, respectively. There was a significant difference between IA and male gender (P = 0.001), major (P = 0.019), GPA (P = 0.001), college year (P = 0.013), time of using the Internet (P = 0.003), residency (P = 0.013), time (P = 0.011), location, and reason for using the Internet (P = 0.023). In addition, there was a positive correlation between IA and mental health (P = 0.02, r = 0.36). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of IA was high and effects the mental health of medical sciences students in the southeast Iran. Overuse of the Internet by students may cause depression, and decreased mental health and academic performance. Creating psychological support and the provision of various fun programs could reduce the willingness to overuse the Internet and may prevent from IA complications among students. Â© 2017, Shiraz E-Medical Journal.
Pembangunan infrastruktur bendungan tidak terlepas dari permasalahan sosial yang kerap menghambat jalannya pelaksanaan pembangunan. Permasalahan sosial timbul karena perubahan sosial maupun perbedaan kepentingan yang terjadi akibat pembangunan tersebut. Kepercayaan yang terdapat pada struktur sosial

Dam infrastructure construction cannot be separated from social problems which frequently delay the progress of construction. Social problems occur through social changes or conflict of interests within the construction. Trusts which exist in social structure within local community in the affected areas of construction can be seen as a social capital which may potentially affect the construction plan. The study location to be observed was the affected areas of Kuwil-Kawangkoan Dam construction planning which located in Minahasa Utara Regency, North Sulawesi Province. This research was aimed to (1) reveal the form of “trust” as a social capital within the social structure in community within the affected areas of construction; and (2) analyze the role of “trust” as a social capital within the social structure in local community towards the dam construction planning. The method used was descriptive qualitative using two data acquisition techniques, literature research and depth interview. The result showed that the local community highly trusts their village chief (Hukum Tua). This high trust affected positively towards the dam construction planning, and so far was one of the key to successfully avoid the occurrence of social problems related with the KuwilKawangkoan Dam construction plan.
COLI ISOLATED FROM ALPACAS

The problem of antibiotic resistance is considered a public and veterinary sanitary priority worldwide, for that reason the aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of antibiotic resistance against Salmonella spp. , Escherichia coli coming from alpaca calves with and without diarrhea. The research was cross-sectional descriptive. 300 stool samples per rectal swab were collected from alpaca calves aging from 10 and 60 days with and without diarrhea from Peasant Communities in Huancavelica – Peru. The presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. was identified by conventional biochemical test, antibacterial susceptibility by Kirby Bauer method and 8 usual antibiotics from the veterinary market were evaluated. 100% of samples with diarrhea were positive to Escherichia coli; 40.0% Salmonella spp. ; 40% Escherichia coli -Salmonella spp. , and samples without diarrhea 48.3% positive to Escherichia Coli; 14.0% Salmonella spp. ; 9.3% Escherichia coli -Salmonella spp. The CMI in Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. strains were resistant to Ampicillin (10.4 ± 0.3), (9.3 ± 0.2); Novomycin (11.1 ± 0.2), (11.2 ± 0. 1); Tetracycline (8.2 ± 0.1), (9.2 ± 0.3); Penicillin (9.1 ± 0. 4), (11.1 ± 0. 3); Gentamicin (10.1 ± 0. 4), (10.2 ± 0. 3) from samples with diarrhea and in samples without diarrhea resistant to Gentamicin (10.3 ± 0.1), (8.2 ± 0.1); Tetracycline (9.2 ± 0.4), (8.2 ± 0.4); Ampicillin (11.2 ± 0.1), (9.3 ± 0.2); Penicillin (10.2 ± 0.4), (10.1 ± 0.3). Salmonella spp. , Escherichia coli strains isolated from alpaca calves with and without diarrhea show antibacterial resistance to multiple antibiotics used in veterinary.