Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Choosing Family: Meaning and Membership in the Lesbian Family of Choice

SUMMARY This conceptual/theoretical article uses the psychodynamic Self Psychology model for the development of a vital, harmonious, and cohesive self to describe and understand the psychological importance of family for lesbian women. How can a healthy lesbian self be developed, nurtured, and maintained in an oppressive sexist and homophobic world? Family relationships are shown to fulfill the three fundamental psychological functions that sustain the lesbian self. In the absence of genetic and/or legal criteria, the basis on which someone is considered “family” is explored.
Early Virologic Rebound in a Pilot Trial of Ritonavir-Boosted Atazanavir as Maintenance Monotherapy

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir monotherapy in HIV-1-infected patients with stable antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design:Single-armed single-center pilot trial. Methods:Adult HIV-1-infected patients, without protease inhibitor (PI) experience, were eligible if they had maintained a viral load <20 copies/mL for a minimum of 12 months on conventional ART. The trial regimen was atazanavir/ritonavir at a dose of 300/100 mg once daily. The atazanavir dose could be adjusted if plasma concentrations showed a low exposure. The study was intended to recruit 30 patients to be followed over 72 weeks. If 5 cases of virologic failure occurred during this period, the study was to be terminated. Results:The study was terminated according to protocol when 15 of the planned 30 patients had been recruited, because 5 cases of virologic failure had occurred. In patients failing therapy, viral rebound was seen at weeks 12 through 16. Plasma atazanavir concentrations were not associated with the outcome. The median serum bilirubin concentration was significantly lower in the patients failing therapy, however. No PI resistance was found in samples from patients failing therapy. Conclusions:Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir as maintenance monotherapy in HIV-1 infection might not be as potent as conventional ART. Serum bilirubin should be further studied as a biomarker of adequate atazanavir exposure.
Analisador de espessura retiniana (RTA) na avaliação de buraco macular

Objective: To evaluate the Retinal Thickness Analyzer (RTA) findings in eyes with macular hole and compare them to findings of retina and vitreous biomicroscopy, retinography and fluorescein angiography. Methods: The authors studied ten eyes of six patients with the diagnosis of macular hole, using retinal thickness analyzer, retina and vitreous biomicroscopy, retinography and fluorescein angiography. Eight eyes had been examined before any type of treatment, and two, after treatment for macular hole by vitrectomy. Results: In two eyes with the diagnosis of macular hole by clinical examination and other complementary examinations, the media opacities prevented retinal thickness analyzer analysis. The retinal thickness analyzer profile map (optical cut) showed agreement with the clinical findings and the findings by other examinations performed in the eight eyes where they were possible. The topographic map of the two eyes that presented a closed macular hole after surgery, showed normal mean foveal thickness and in the six eyes with macular hole the mean foveal thickness was increased. Conclusion: The retinal thickness analyzer profile map showed evidence of macular hole, gave information about width and depth and proved the closing of the macular hole after surgery. The retinal thickness analyzer topographic map showed normal mean foveal thickness in the two cases of closed macular hole and, surprisingly, increased mean foveal thickness in all six cases with open holes.
I. Epidemiology For Stroke Facilities Planning

The Major factors known to be associated with stroke include increasing age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, many additional data are required to substantiate the role of other risk factors. The incidence, prevalence and mortality figures in this paper are presented in a form to be useful for palnning health facilities and manpower resources required in the proper management of stroke problems.
Limitations of End-Tidal CO2 as an Early Indicator of Central Hypovolemia in Humans

Objective. This study tested the hypothesis that pulmonary end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2) tracks reductions in central blood volume in human volunteers exposed to progressive central hypovolemia. Methods. Measurements of PETCO2, systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), andmean arterial (MAP) blood pressures, heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), andrespiratory rate (RR) were obtained in 50 healthy human subjects during baseline supine rest andexposure to progressive reductions of central blood volume produced by application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Results. As increasing amounts of LBNP were applied, SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, SV, andPETCO2 decreased (p < 0.001). RR was not altered (p = 1.0). The decrease in PETCO2 did not begin to occur until 40% of maximal LBNP was applied. While PETCO2 decreased progressively thereafter, the range of baseline values (28.8–49.2 mmHg) varied more than the reduction in PETCO2 elicited by maximal LBNP (baseline = 40.1 ± 0.6 mmHg; maximal LBNP = 29.8 ± 1.0 mmHg). The earliest significant alteration was observed in SV, which occurred at 20% of maximal LBNP. MAP did not decline significantly until 80% of maximal LBNP was reached. PETCO2 was correlated positively with SV (r2 = 0.87). Conclusions. Although PETCO2tracked decreases in SV in this human model of progressive central hypovolemia, reductions in PETCO2were small relative to the range of baseline values. Thus, monitoring such small reductions in PETCO2 as an early warning of imminent cardiovascular collapse during hemorrhage may not be clinically useful without monitors capable of providing continuous trending.
Histologie und Prognose des Nephroblastoms unter Berücksichtigung der Sondervarianten*

101 cases of Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) were investigated by light microscopy. In 80 cases a diagnosis of triphasic nephroblastoma was made. 21 cases were classified as special variants of Wilms' tumor. These included congenital mesoblastic nephroma (n = 5), fetal rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma (n = 2), cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (n = 3), nephroblastoma with focal or diffuse anaplasia (n = 2), clear cell sarcoma or bone metastasizing renal tumor of childhood (n = 4), rhabdoid tumor (n = 2) and rhabdomyosarcomatous nephroblastoma (n = 3). Based on our own follow-up data and on information from the literature we propose to separate the group of nephroblastomas into three categories of different prognosis: 1. Nephroblastomas of low risk (congenital mesoblastic nephroma, fetal rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma, cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma) - in most of these cases simple nephrectomy sufficient as adequate therapy. 2. Nephroblastomas of standard risk (triphasic nephroblastomas) - therapy according to stage of disease. 3. Nephroblastomas of high risk (nephroblastomas with focal or diffuse anaplasia, clear cell sarcoma, rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcomatous nephroblastoma) - successful therapy has as yet to be developed.
QT/RR Relationship in Patients after Remote Anterior Myocardial Infarction with Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Different Types of Ventricular Arrhythmias

Background: QT/RR relationship was found to be both rate‐dependent and rate‐independent, what suggests the influence of autonomic drive and other not‐autonomic related factors on it. The steeper QT/RR slope in patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI) was described, but the relationship to ventricular arrhythmias is unknown. The purpose of this study was to calculate differences in QT/RR relationship in patients after remote anterior MI with left ventricular dysfunction and different types of ventricular arrhythmias.
Toxicity Profile of Lutein and Lutein Ester Isolated From Marigold Flowers (Tagetes erecta)

Lutein is a carotenoid with antioxidant properties and is commonly present in many fruits, vegetables, and egg yolk. Lutein affords protection against the development of the two common eye diseases of aging: cataract and macular degeneration. As the dietary lutein concentration is much lower compared to the actual requirement to reduce macular degeneration, supplementation of lutein is under consideration. There are very few data on the toxicity of lutein. In the present study, the authors have evaluated the short-term and long-term toxicity profile of lutein and its esterified form isolated from marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta) in young adult male and female Wistar rats. Lutein and its ester form administered orally at doses of 4, 40, and 400 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks for short-term toxicity study and 13 weeks for a subchronic toxicity study did not produced any mortality, change in body weight, food consumption pattern, organ weight, and other adverse side reactions. Administration of lutein and ester form did not alter the hepatic and renal function, and did not produce any change in the hematological parameters and in lipid profile. Histopathological analysis of the organs supported the nontoxicity of lutein and its ester form.
European Bilateral Pediatric Cochlear Implant Forum consensus statement.

This is a consensus statement on pediatric cochlear implantation by the European Bilateral Pediatric Cochlear Implant Forum. The consensus statement was determined by review of current scientific literature to identify areas of scientific and clinical agreement of current understanding of bilateral cochlear implantation. The statement is "Currently we feel that the infant or child with unambiguous cochlear implant candidacy should receive bilateral cochlear implants simultaneously as soon as possible after definitive diagnosis of deafness to permit optimal auditory development; an atraumatic surgical technique designed to preserve cochlear function, minimize cochlear damage, and allow easy, possibly repeated re-implantation is recommended. "
Wirksame Audiokuren zur Behandlung von Burn-out

Burn-out hat gravierende gesundheitliche und okonomische Folgen. Die Entwicklung und Evaluation wirksamer Behandlungsoptionen ist dringend notig. Die Anwendung von Musik ist angenehm und nebenwirkungsfrei. Gezielte Musikanwendungen im medizinischen Kontext sind seit vielen Jahren Gegenstand der Musikwirkungsforschung. Auf der Grundlage interdisziplinarer wissenschaftlicher Forschung wurde eine Audiotherapie speziell zur Behandlung des Burn-outSyndroms auf der Basis korpereigener Regulationsmechanismen entwickelt. Die Wirksamkeit wurde in einer 4-armigen, randomisierten, placebound wartelistenkontrollierten Doppelblindstudie mit 150 Burn-out-Betroffenen nachgewiesen.
Lixisenatide reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia via gastrostatic and insulinotropic effects

Lixisenatide is a once‐daily, prandial, short‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist. Its main antidiabetic effect is to delay gastric emptying to control postprandial plasma glucose excursions. The dose–response relationship of the integrated insulinotropic and gastrostatic response to lixisenatide in healthy volunteers after a standardized liquid meal was investigated.
The Influence of Seller, Auctioneer, and Bidder Factors on Trust in Online Auctions

A growing body of research promotes the importance of trust in the business-to-consumer e-commerce environment. However, there has been little research on consumer trust in the new frontier of consumer-to-consumer (C2C) online auctions. The current study investigates the factors that influence bidders’ trust in online auctions from seller (trust arguments), bidder (disposition to trust), and auctioneer (structural assurance and perceived Web risk) perspectives in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of trust in the C2C environment. Laboratory experiments (manipulating the trust arguments in “about me” page) and online questionnaire surveys (measuring the subjects’ responses regarding structural assurance, perceived risk, disposition to trust, trust, and purchase intention) were conducted to collect necessary data. The results suggest that benevolent sellers significantly influence the trust of bidders. Analysis also finds that structural assurance is the most influential predictor of trust, which significantly influences a buyer's intention to purchase. In addition, disposition to trust is a significant predictor of trusting belief, whereas perceived Web risk does not predict purchase intention.
Management of Glucocorticoid Replacement in Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency

In multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, interactions occur among thyroxine, cortisol and growth hormone (GH). This review addresses the issues of endogenous cortisol production and exogenous cortisol replacement and discusses cortisol metabolism in the context of adult GH deficiency. In addition, we review the effect of GH on 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, the current literature regarding the choice of glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and dose levels and dosing regimens. Recommendations for GC replacement therapy are also provided.
Adverse effects of incretin‐based therapies on major cardiovascular and arrhythmia events: meta‐analysis of randomized trials

Recent cardiovascular outcome trials of incretin‐based therapies (IBT) in type 2 diabetes have not demonstrated either benefit or harm in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Earlier meta‐analyses showed conflicting results but were limited in methodology. We aimed to perform an updated meta‐analysis of all available incretin therapies on the incidence of MACE plus arrhythmia and heart failure.
Osteoinductive alternatives and bone substitutes

Osteoinductive agents are being explored as therapeutic replacements for bone grafts. They are expected to induce a functional osseous tissue and eliminate the critical drawbacks of bone grafting, namely the need for graft harvest surgery and danger of pathological agent transfer to otherwise health patient. Three avenues of investigations have demonstrated the feasibility of using osteoinductive proteins, osteoinductive genes and osteoprogenitor cells for bone repair. This review will attempt to summarize recent advances in the three approaches, with emphasis on osteoinductive proteins which are at the most advanced clinical stage. The benefits and shortcomings of different approaches will be presented and potential future directions will be proposed. Even though biomaterial scaffolds are an integral part of osteoinductive agent delivery, a brief synopsis of biomaterials is included only in the context of the delivery of osteoinductive proteins.
Colorectal Cancer Screening: Knowledge, Perceived Benefits and Barriers, and Intentions Among College and University Employees

Background: Early detection through routine screening is critical in reducing the incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine college and university employees' knowledge of CRC issues, their perceptions of the benefits of and barriers to CRC screening, and their intentions toward it. Methods: This study surveyed a targeted sample of 350 employees aged 45 and older and examined their knowledge of CRC issues and screening, their screening status, and group differences in perceptions about screening and in their intentions toward it. Results: Less than half of the participants answered correctly about CRC being one of the leading causes of cancer. The top perceived barriers were “fears,” followed by “doctor never recommended” and “preparation for the test is difficult. ” A discriminant analysis revealed that individuals who had not been screened and those who did not intend to get screened perceived significantly more barriers. Discussion: Perceptions about screening appear to be a major determinant in CRC screening, regardless of knowledge. Translation to Health Education Practice: Further study using a representative sample of university employees may provide a clearer picture of the determinants of CRC screening so that specific health education interventions can be planned.
Comorbilidad, pluripatología, consumo de recursos y pronóstico de pacientes ingresados en una unidad de Medicina Interna

Objective: To compare the concept of patient with pluripathology (PP) with the index of comorbidity of Charlson (IC) respect to the resources use and prognosis of hospitalized patients. Patients and methods: An observational prospective study of 207 consecutively hospitalized patients in an internal medicine unit was conducted. The PP, a variant of PP with three or more criteria (PP3), IC and IC fit to the age (ICE) were determined, and their relation with the consumption of resources (emergency attentions, programmed consultations of specialties and episodes of hospitalization in the last year, length of stay, own procedures, other specialty procedures and consulting) and prognosis (hospital mortality, significant functional deterioration and rehospitalization) were stayed. Results: The frequency of PP and PP3 was 40.6 and 16.9%, respectively. The median of the IC and ICE score were 2 (0-7) and 4 (0-11), respectively. We found the following independent relations: IC of 3 or greater with the rehospitalization and the length of stay; ICE of 5 or greater with mortality; PP3 with mortality, rehospitalization and emergency visits, hospitalizations and consultations in the last year,- the categories B and F of PP with hospitalizations in the last year; the category D of PP with consultations in the last year,- and the association of categories A, B and C with mortality and hospitalizations in the last year. PP was not related in an independent form with any variable. Conclusion: The IC and the concept of PP do not identify the same hospitalized patient population. Modifications of the PP definition, like PP3, or the analysis of the different clinical categories of PP and their associations, could improve the utility of this concept.
Cardiovascular risk factors and incident albuminuria in screen‐detected type 2 diabetes

It is unclear whether cardiovascular risk factor modification influences the development of renal disease in people with type 2 diabetes identified through screening. We determined predictors of albuminuria 5 years after a diagnosis of screen‐detected diabetes within the ADDITION‐Europe study, a pragmatic cardiovascular outcome trial of multifactorial cardiovascular risk management.
Detection of genital mycoplasmas in men attending medical clinics in Sofia, Bulgaria

PURPOSE: The role of Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum), Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) and Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) in male genital disorders deserves a more intensive research. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of these pathogens in symptomatic and asymptomatic sexually active males in Bulgaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 260 symptomatic and asymptomatic men were included in the study. Their urethral swabs were examined for the presence of the mentioned microorganisms by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The prevalence rates of these pathogens were the following: U. urealyticum - 4.6%; M. hominis - 0.8%, and M. genitalium - 3.1%. No coinfections were registered at all. CONCLUSION: The present investigation of these mycoplasmas is the first attempt to provide certain epidemiological information about these infections in Bulgaria. Their continuous monitoring is of practical importance for public health. Scripta Scientifica Medica 2013; 45(4): 46-49.
Screening of some Somalian medicinal plants for antidiarrhoeal effects in mice

Aqueous extracts of 10 plants, used in Somalian traditional medicine for treatment of diarrhoeal diseases, have been screened for effects against cholera toxin‐induced intestinal hypersecretion in mice. Two extracts inhibited the hypersecretion more than 50% (compared to a control group, receiving saline). For two extracts the effect did not differ significantly from the controls. The rest of the extracts showed inhibiting activities ranging from 25% to 43%.
Evaluation of Quantitative Head Impulse Testing Using Search Coils Versus Video-oculography in Older Individuals

Objective To evaluate the validity of 2D video-oculography (VOG) compared with scleral search coils for horizontal AVOR gain estimation in older individuals. Study Design Cross-sectional validation study. Setting Tertiary care academic medical center. Patients Six individuals age 70 and older. Interventions Simultaneous eye movement recording with scleral search coil (over right eye) and EyeSeeCam VOG camera (over left eye) during horizontal head impulses. Main Outcome Measures Best estimate search coil and VOG horizontal AVOR gain, presence of compensatory saccades using both eye movement recording techniques. Results We observed a significant correlation between search coil and VOG best estimate horizontal AVOR gain (r = 0.86, p = 0.0002). We evaluated individual head impulses and found that the shapes of the head movement and eye movement traces from the coil and VOG systems were similar. Specific features of eye movements seen in older individuals, including overt and covert corrective saccades and anticompensatory eye movements, were captured by both the search coil and VOG systems. Conclusion These data suggest that VOG is a reasonable proxy for search coil eye movement recording in older subjects to estimate VOR gain and the approximate timing of corrective eye movements. VOG offers advantages over the conventional search coil method; it is portable and easy to use, allowing for quantitative VOR estimation in diverse settings such as a routine office-based practice, at the bedside, and potentially in larger scale population analyses.
Bell's orofacial pains: the clinical management of orofacial pain, 6th edition (2005)

Orofacial pain is one the main reasons for patients to seek treatment. Pain in the face and mouth has a significant psychological meaning since a good interplay of orofacial structures is essential for correct jaw function, communication and body image. Unfortunately, diagnosis and treatment of orofacial pain is not an easy task. This textbook represents a good start for those interested in orofacial pain conditions. It is an extended revision of Dr Welden Bell's classic text, reporting the latest findings related to pain supported by an updated text including …
Migraine and epilepsy: Shared mechanisms?

Migraine and epilepsy are comorbid conditions that have many clinical similarities. There are also cellular physiologic similarities, and some antiepileptic drugs are prophylactic in migraine, suggesting common pathophysiologic elements. The most compelling evidence comes from familial hemiplegic migraine, in which migraine and epilepsy can be caused by mutations in the same gene. For an expanded treatment of this topic see Jasper’s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies, Fourth Edition (Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, Olsen RW, Delgado‐Escueta AV, eds) published by Oxford University Press (available on the National Library of Medicine Bookshelf [NCBI] at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books).