Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mixing of airborne contaminants by the repeated passage of people along a corridor

Abstract We report a series of experiments in which a cylinder, with a vertical axis, is moved back and forth along a long narrow channel containing fresh water at Reynolds numbers $Re=3220\text {--}13\,102$. We examine the mixing of a cloud of dye along the channel by the oscillatory motion of the cylinder. Using light attenuation techniques to measure the time evolution of the concentration of dye along the channel, we find that at early times the concentration profile collapses to a Gaussian profile with dispersivity, $D=(2.4\pm 0.5) fdW$, where $f$ is the frequency of the cylinder oscillation, $d$ is the diameter of the cylinder and $W$ is the width of the channel, respectively. For times much longer than $L^2/D$, with $L$ being the length of the channel, the concentration becomes progressively more uniform over the whole length of the channel, and we show that the long-time non-uniform component decays with time dependence $\exp (- 4{\rm \pi} ^2 Dt / L^2)$. We consider the implications of these experiments for the dispersal of viral aerosols along poorly ventilated corridors, with implications for infection transmission in hospitals and public buildings.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CHARGING STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Green energy represents an important element for the future technology of electric vehicles. Also another important element when it comes of electric vehicles it is represented by the infrastructure and the number of charging stations which are available “on the road”. In the last two years at least in Europe a lot of countries decided to focus on infrastructure, electric vehicles and charging stations to offer a good alternative to vehicles with internal combustion engines. It is not enough to have as many charging stations as possible but also it is necessary like a charging station to have some characteristics: charging capacity which will influence charging time, multi brand compatibility and cost of charging. According to studies and some European programs it is the intention like up to 2020 to be implemented up to 400 fast charging stations (HPC – High power charging) with a capacity of 350kW which will enable to reduce charging time significantly if it is compared with existing systems which are already installed. In the last period of time some researches has been done for inductive charging but for the moment the efficiency is not the desired one. This paper has the purpose to focus on describing charging stations, principles and efficiency of different types.
The relationship between serum Golgi protein 73 and both liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis

[摘要] 目的 探讨血清高尔基体蛋白73(GP73)与慢性乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)患者肝脏炎症及纤维化的相关性。 方 法 选取2015年9月-2016年10月在解放军总医院第五医学中心(原解放军第302医院)住院并完成肝活检的慢性乙肝患 者322例,回顾性分析患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肝脏弹性检测(LSM)、FIB-4、APRI 等肝组织病理炎症及纤维化指标与GP73的相关性,采用单因素及多变量Logistic回归分析评估GP73对显著肝损伤的预 测价值。 结果 322例慢性乙肝患者年龄18~66(39.3±10.8)岁,男231例(71.7%),女91例(28.3%)。 血清GP73水平伴随 肝脏炎症及肝纤维化程度加重而逐渐升高,与肝组织炎症及纤维化均呈正相关,相关系数均为0. 536(P<0.001)。 将同一 阶段的肝脏炎症或纤维化程度进行分层分析,结果显示,血清GP73与肝脏炎症程度的相关性较强,与肝纤维化程度的 相关性较弱。 针对显著肝脏炎症(≥G2)及纤维化(≥S2)分别进行单因素及多因素分析,结果显示,显著肝脏炎症及肝 纤维化组的血清GP73水平明显高于无或轻度肝脏炎症(G0-1)及纤维化组(S0-1)(P<0.001)。 多变量Logistic回归分析结果 显示,GP73为显著肝脏炎症(P<0.001)及纤维化(P<0.05)的独立风险预测因素。 结论 血清GP73与慢性乙肝患者肝脏炎 症及纤维化程度均具有良好的相关性,可以作为预测肝脏炎症及纤维化的新型生物学标志物。 [关键词] 高尔基体蛋白73;肝炎,乙型,慢性;肝脏炎症;肝纤维化 [中图分类号] R512.62 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 0577-7402(2019)06-0503-05 [DOI] 10.11855/j.issn. 0577-7402.2019. 06.08
Social cues trigger differential immune investment strategies in a non-social insect, Tenebrio molitor

Social immunization (SI) is a horizontal transfer of immunity that protects naive hosts against infection following exposure to infected nestmates. While mainly documented in eusocial insects, non-social species also share similar ecological features which favour the development of group-level immunity. Here, we investigate SI in Tenebrio molitor by pairing naive females with a pathogen-challenged conspecific for 72 h before measuring a series of immune and fitness traits. We found no evidence for SI, as beetles who cohabited with a live pathogen-challenged conspecific were not better protected against bacterial challenge. However, exposure to a heat-killed-bacteria-challenged conspecific appeared to increase pathogen tolerance, which manifested in differential fitness investment. Our results together suggest that T. molitor do respond to immune-related cues in the social environment, despite not showing a classic immunization response as predicted.
Let’s Get Closer: Feelings of Connectedness from Using Social Media, with Implications for Brand Outcomes

Despite the fact that social media offers consumers opportunities to connect with each other, little work has focused on how what consumers do on social media interacts with why they do it to affect their feelings of connection. Further, the extent to which these social media interactions occur in brand contexts is likely to affect consumers’ response to brands and could have important implications for brands’ social media marketing efforts. Drawing on regulatory focus theory, we show that the fit conditions of promotion-focused, more social behaviors and prevention-focused, less social behaviors produce higher feelings of connection compared to the nonfit conditions, owing to a subjective sensation that the fit conditions just feel right. We also show that when these fit conditions occur in brand-related contexts, they produce stronger feelings of connection toward the brand and more positive responses to the brand’s social media marketing efforts.
Identification of pathogens in Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus from public gardens in Zagreb, Croatia

A total of 356 questing Ixodid ticks were collected by dragging during spring and autumn 2008 in three public gardens (parks) from Zagreb (Croatia). Pools of 5 ticks, grouped by gender, were tested for presence of Anaplasma phagocytophylum, Rickettsia spp. , Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. , Bartonella spp. , Coxiella burnetti and Babesia spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequently sequenced. Infection of ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was done with RT-PCR. Tick species were distributed depending on the collection area ; D. reticulatus were collected on a Jarun meadow (close to the river) while I. ricinus ticks were present in two localities close to forest. B. burgdorferi s.l. was detected in 85.7% of I. ricinus and 6.4% of D. reticulatus pools. Rickettsial DNA was identified in 87.1% D. reticulatus and 16.7% I. ricinus. Sequence analysis revealed that all D. reticulatus were infected with Rickettsia raoultii identical to strain Marne (Acc.No DQ365800) while I. ricinus were infected with R. monacensis identical to strain IrRMunich (Acc.No DQ100169). All sequences of A. phagocytophylum detected in 21.4% samples were identical. We haven't confirmed a presence of C. burnetti in questing ticks from Zagreb. In a single pool of males I. ricinus DNA from Bartonella spp.was amplified but sequencing failed as well as sequencing of Babesia sp. Detected in 7.1% of I. ricinus. In contrast, Babesia canis canis was present 77.4% D. reticulatus samples collected from same location (Jarun). Interestingly no statistical difference was observed after comparing infection rate in male and female ticks. Two pools of I. ricinus nymphs were found to be infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. and R. monacensis. The results of this study show a presence of numerous tick-borne pathogens in public garden. For the first time we have demonstrated presence of R. raoultii, R. monacensis and A. phagocytophylum in Croatia.
Factors influencing the trust of young customers while using e-commerce websites

Internet shopping is now enjoying its prevalence and rapid development in Vietnam. One of factors could be high barrier for this development is consumers’ trust. Lack of trust on websites is a primary reason why many web users do not shop online. This quantitative study is to identify the factors influencing consumers’ trust on websites from the perspective of youths. The proposed model, in this study, is empirically tested using a questionnaire-based field study. A survey of 325 online shoppers has been conducted. Regression analysis is used to test the hypothesis derived from the framework. The result indicates that consumers’ trust on Internet shopping is built on the high level of customers’ perception about the store and company reputation; system quality, and service quality of the website; as well as the effectiveness of third party recognition. Implications and suggestions for further studies were also provided in this study.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Welding Parameters in GMAW for Stainless Steel and Low Carbon Steel Using Hybrid RSM-TOPSIS-GA-SA Approach

Most of the failures are arisen on the welded elements due to the setting of inappropriate welding parameters. The forte of welded joints in GMAW depends on numerous input process parameters such as welding current, welding voltage, gas flow rate, torch angle, electrode feed rate etc. Wrong selection of these process parameters will lead to bad quality welds. So there is a need to control the process parameters to obtain good quality welded joints. For getting the better values of these parameters, it needs to conduct experiments by varying the input process parameters that are affecting the strength of the welded joints. Present study deals with multi objective optimization of Gas Metal Arc Welding GMAW) parameters used for welding disparate metals i.e. AISI 1018 and SS 202. Welding current, time and voltage has been used as input parameters. Experiments have been planned as per Response Surface Method. Multi-response optimization has been carried out using TOPSIS method (Technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution). The developed predictive model is used to formulate the objective function for genetic algorithm and simulated annealing which was used to search for an optimal setting for better metal deposition rate(MDR), ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and hardness of the welded joint. Keywords— GMAW, RSM, TOPSIS, Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing, MDR, UTS
Status and Distribution of the Cave-Obligate Land Snails in the Appalachians and Interior Low Plateau of the Eastern United States

Abstract: Cave-obligate (troglobiotic) land snails are among the most understudied taxa inhabiting cave systems because of their small size and cryptic nature. Other than locality records and general descriptions of species' morphology, information regarding most cave snail taxa is minimal. Given the importance of land snails as indicator species and as important drivers of ecosystem processes, this lack of knowledge on cave-obligate taxa impedes conservation management of subterranean snails and subterranean ecosystems in general. As a first step, we compiled and georeferenced all available distributional records for troglobiotic snail species within two major karst regions in the United States: The Interior Low Plateau (ILP) and Appalachians. We identified 16 new localities among these species from caves in Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia from 2012 to 2016, yielding 8 new occurrences of two species in the ILP and 8 new occurrences of three species in the Appalachians. In total, we report 143 occurrences for five species in 124 caves, representing the most comprehensive dataset on the distribution of caveobligate snails in the eastern United States to date. We also provide the first IUCN Red List conservation assessments for all five troglobiotic taxa and reexamine NatureServe conservation ranks. Our assessments indicate that three of the five species are considered at an elevated risk of extinction. Given these ranks and the threats identified to each species, we offer recommendations concerning the conservation and management of these cave snails and outline future areas of research for these taxa.
Thousands of large-scale RNA sequencing experiments yield a comprehensive new human gene list and reveal extensive transcriptional noise

We assembled the sequences from 9,795 RNA sequencing experiments, collected from 31 human tissues and hundreds of subjects as part of the GTEx project, to create a new, comprehensive catalog of human genes and transcripts. The new human gene database contains 43,162 genes, of which 21,306 are protein-coding and 21,856 are noncoding, and a total of 323,824 transcripts, for an average of 7.5 transcripts per gene. Our expanded gene list includes 4,998 novel genes (1,178 coding and 3,819 noncoding) and 97,511 novel splice variants of protein-coding genes as compared to the most recent human gene catalogs. We detected over 30 million additional transcripts at more than 650,000 sites, nearly all of which are likely to be nonfunctional, revealing a heretofore unappreciated amount of transcriptional noise in human cells.
The Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Common Antiseptics against Three Nosocomial Resistant Strains

Background and objectives: Today, specialists who are responsible for controlling infection in hospital use different disinfectants for instrument used in hospital to prevent from transmitting infection. The spectrum of antimicrobial effect, the condition of exploiting, the time of efficiency, the effect on environment, the destructive effect on metal and plastic materials etc. are different; therefore, we did this study to determine the antimicrobial effect of five disinfectants on those special resistant bacterial strains. Material and Methods: In the current study the antimicrobial effects of five disinfectant solutions including Nanocide, Anizosin, Sulfanidis, Micros 10, and Colloid on hospital resistant strains by concentrations of 0.5 and 1 McFarland Were examined and evaluated. The concentration of disinfectants was prepared according to proposed protocol by manufacturing company. The time of contact with bacteria was defined in three times (the proposed time by company, less and more than porposed time by company). Results: Nanocide haven't shown any inhibitory effect on resistant strains in none of the three times but Colloid indicates its effect only in more than proposed time. Anizosin in all three times have inhibitory effect on S.aureus in concentration 0.5 and 1 McFarland. Sulfanidis and Micros to have prevented from the growth of resistant strains in all three times. Conclusion: It has been determined that disinfectant Micros 10 made of ammonium chloride stands as first degree of quality and Sulfanidis made of poly hegza methylen bigouanid hydrochloride stands as second degree of quality with respect to proper antibacterial effect for the purpose of disinfecting.
Force dependence of filopodia adhesion: involvement of myosin II and formins

Filopodia are dynamic membrane protrusions driven by polymerization of an actin filament core, mediated by formin molecules at the filopodia tips. Filopodia can adhere to the extracellular matrix and experience both external and cell generated pulling forces. The role of such forces in filopodia adhesion is however insufficiently understood. Here, we induced sustained growth of filopodia by applying pulling force to their tips via attached fibronectin-coated beads trapped by optical tweezers. Strikingly, pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of myosin IIA, which localized to the base of filopodia, resulted in weakening of filopodia adherence strength. Inhibition of formins, which caused detachment of actin filaments from formin molecules, produced similar effect. Thus, myosin IIA-generated centripetal force transmitted to the filopodia tips through interactions between formins and actin filaments is required for filopodia adhesion. Force-dependent adhesion led to preferential attachment of filopodia to rigid versus fluid substrates, which may underlie cell orientation and polarization.
Quantitative Genetic Analysis of the Maize Leaf Microbiome

The degree to which an organism can affect its associated microbial communities (“microbiome”) varies by organism and habitat, and in many cases is unknown. We address this question by analyzing the metabolically active bacteria of the maize phyllosphere across 300 diverse maize lines growing in a common environment. We performed comprehensive heritability analysis for 49 community diversity metrics, 380 bacterial clades (individual operational taxonomic units and higher-level groupings), and 9042 predicted metagenomic functions. We find that only a few few bacterial clades (5) and diversity metrics (2) are significantly heritable, while a much larger number of metabolic functions (200) are. Many of these associations appear to be driven by the amount of Methylobacteria present in each sample, and we find significant enrichment for traits relating to short-chain carbon metabolism, secretion, and nitrotoluene degradation. Genome-wide association analysis identifies a small number of associated loci for these heritable traits, including two loci (on maize chromosomes 7 and 10) that affect a large number of traits even after correcting for correlations among traits. This work is among the most comprehensive analyses of the maize phyllosphere to date. Our results indicate that while most of the maize phyllosphere composition is driven by environmental factors and/or stochastic founder events, a subset of bacterial taxa and metabolic functions is nonetheless significantly impacted by host plant genetics. Additional work will be needed to identify the exact nature of these interactions and what effects they may have on the phenotype of host plants.
Antibacterial activity of Thymus capitatus and Thymus algeriensis essential oils against four food-borne pathogens inoculated in minced beef meat

The antibacterial activity of the essential oils extracted from Thymus capitatus and Thymus algeriensis was studied against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, the disk method showed that T. capitatus EO has a strong antibacterial effect, whereas T. algeriensis EO showed a moderate activity. In addition, the inhibitory effect of both EOs was evaluated against four pathogenic strains inoculated experimentally (108 CFU/g) in the minced beef meat, mixed with different concentrations of EOs, and stored for 15 days. Both EOs at low concentrations (0.01 and 0.05% [vol/wt]) exerted a bacteriostatic effect (p < .001), only against E. coli and S. typhimurium. However, at higher concentrations (1 and 3% [vol/wt]), the bactericidal activity was pronounced (p < .0001), in particular in the case of T. capitatus EO against all strains, except P. aeruginosa. The latter was still present after 15 days of storage, which explains its resistance. Practical applications Results from this study were confirmed that both thyme EOs could be considered as a very promising natural preservatives for foods from microbial spoilage in the food industries, also they can serve to inhibit or prevent the growth of food-borne pathogens.
Screening of Rice Genotypes for Resistance to Bacteria Leaf Blight under Sodic Soil

Rice is one of the cereal crops of great significance in India and primary staple food for huge population in Asia, Africa and Latin America. In India rice covers about 23.3% of gross cropped area of the country and plays a vital role in the national food grain supply. It puts up 43% out of total food grain production and for total cereal production 46% of nation. India secures second position in production of rice among all rice producing countries, China leads the highest production. The world area, production and productivity in 2014-15 were 162.2 Mha, 483.3 million tones and 4.44 MT/ ha, respectively. In India, rice is being grown in 44.10 Mha area with production of 106.5 million tones and productivity of 3.52 MT/ha, respectively (USDA. 2016). The production of rice must be doubled to meet the requirement of the increasing population. This can be done only by enhancing the productivity and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 02 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Effect of Employee Engagement on Organisational Financial Performance in Jordanian Insurance Companies

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to assess the level of employee engagement and its effect on the financial performance of Jordanian insurance companies. Employee engagement is described as the level of commitment and involvement of employees towards their organisation and its values. Design/Methodology/Approach: A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 200 employees working in Jordanian insurance companies. 180 responses were collected and only 167 were considered valid for analysis. Findings: Employee engagement significantly financial performance. More specifically, vigourvigour, dedication, and absorption have positive and significant effects on improving return on investment (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). Dedication and absorption have a positive impact on profitability and mitigating financial losses. However, the effect of vigourvigour on operating profit margin and loss ratio is insignificant. Practical Implications: This research provides practical recommendations for managers and policy makers to enhance performance by building engagement. Recommendations also focus on assessing employee engagement in insurance companies due to their important effect on organisational success, long-term sustainability, efficiency and productivity. Originality/value: This is one of the first studies that links employee engagement with non-financial performance in the insurance sector; a service sector that suffers from high employee turnover and moderate engagement levels.
Flavonoids: Its working mechanism and various protective roles

Flavonoids have the ability to sequester free radicals are natural antioxidants derived from plants and commonly found in foods and beverages. Flavonoids have many potential beneficial properties. This review provides a survey of the literature regarding the different groups of known flavonoids, the probable mechanisms by which they act, and the potential clinical applications of these fascinating natural substances. To emphasize the importance of flavonoids, the structure and corresponding antioxidant properties are discussed. As their degree of absorption is controversial, however the antioxidant capability of flavonoids expressed in vitro may prove to be a dispute. Studies performed in vivo have offered the alternative view that better absorbed antioxidants, like vitamin C, are exerting the antioxidant effect witnessed after consumption of certain food, such as apples. This review addresses this issue by providing a survey of in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the absorption, bioavailability, and antioxidant properties of flavonoids. The main aim of this review was to give an overview of the research in the field of flavonoids. The potential valuable working mechanisms of flavonoids are discussed, followed by present knowledge on the absorption, conjugation, and toxicity of these substances. The potential clinical applications of flavonoids are also discussed.