Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy of PGE2 gel, Oral misoprostol and combination of foleys bulb with Oral misoprostol in predicting the Outcome of induction of labour: A randomized controlled trial

Aim: To compare the efficacy of PGE2 gel (Prostaglandin E2 gel), oral misoprostol and combination group (Foleys bulb + oral misoprostol) in predicting the outcome of induction of labour. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial included 201 women requiring induction of labour. A total of 67 women were randomly allocated to PGE2 gel group, 69 women to oral misoprostol group, 65 women allocated to the combination group using computer generated allocation sequence. The primary outcomes which was analyzed in the study were time interval between induction and active phase of labour and time interval between induction and delivery. Results: The mean time interval between induction and active phase of labour was shorter with the combination group when compared with PGE2 gel group & oral misoprostol group (9hrs vs 16hrs vs 18hrs, p value 0.002). The combination group also resulted in shorter time interval between induction and delivery (16hrs vs 21hrs vs 25hrs, p value 0.014). Highest proportion of women achieved vaginal delivery within 24hrs from induction in the combination group (87% vs 71% vs 59%, p value 0.048). No significant difference were seen with maternal and neonatal outcomes. Conclusion: In our study, the combination group achieved shorter time interval between induction and active phase of labour, induction and delivery and higher proportion of vaginal deliveries within 24hrs from induction when compared to PGE2 gel and oral misoprostol without increasing labor complications. Keywords: Efficacy, Induction of labour, PGE2 gel, Misoprostol, Foleys bulb.
The investigation of liver and kidney TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β gene expression and blood levels in pinealectomised septic rats

*Sorumlu Yazar: Prof. Dr. Metehan Uzun, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Fizyo loji Anabilim Dalı, Çanakkale E-mail: metehanuzun@hotmail.com, Tel: 0 (543) 582 86 83 *Bu çalışma, Aysun Öztürk tarafından hazırlanan “Pinealektomize edilmiş septik sıçanlarda karaciğer ve böbrekTNF -α, IL-6, IL-10 ve IL-1β gen ekspresyonu ve plazma düzeylerindeki değişimlerin araştırılması” (2017) başlıklı yüksek lisans tezinden alınmış olup Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi BAP komisyonu tarafından TYL-2014-196 kod nolu proje kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Geliş Tarihi: 31.07. 2018, Kabul Tarihi: 12.02. 2019 KLİNİK ÇALIŞMA / CLINICAL RESEARCH
A Hybrid Approach for Reverse Engineering GUI Model from Android Apps for Automated Testing

Nowadays, smartphone users are increasingly relying on mobile applications to complete most of their daily tasks. As such, mobile applications are becoming more and more complex. Therefore, software testers can no longer rely on manual testing methods to test mobile applications. Automated model-based testing techniques are recently used to test mobile applications. However, the models generated by existing techniques are of insufficient quality. This paper proposed a hybrid technique for reverse engineering graphical user interface (GUI) model from mobile applications. It performs static analysis of application’s bytecode to extract GUI information followed by a dynamic crawling to systematically explore and reverse engineer a model of the application under test. A case study was performed on real-world mobile apps to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique. The results showed that the proposed technique can generate a model with high coverage of mobile apps behaviour.
Cost-Effectiveness Assessment of Different Glucosamines in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: a Simulation Model Adapted to Germany.

BACKGROUND The use of symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) (e.g., glucosamine, chondroitin) is largely debated in the scientific literature. Indeed, multiple formulations of these agents are available, both as pharmaceutical-grade products and as nutritional supplements, but while all preparations may claim to deliver a therapeutic effect, not all are supported by clinical evidence. Moreover, few data are available regarding the cost-effectiveness of all these formulations. Usually, access to individual patient data is required to perform economic evaluations of treatments, but it can be difficult to obtain. We previously developed a model to simulate individual health utility scores from aggregated data obtained from published OA trials. OBJECTIVE In the present study, using our new simulation model, we investigated the cost-effectiveness of different glucosamines used in Germany. METHODS We used our validated model to simulate the utility scores of 10 published trials that used different glucosamine preparations. Using the simulated utility scores, the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were calculated using the area-under-the-curve method. We used the 2018 public costs of glucosamine products available in Germany to calculate the Incremental Cost/Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). We performed analyses for pharmaceutical-grade Crystalline Glucosamine Sulfate (pCGS) and other formulations of glucosamine (OFG). A cost-effectiveness cut-off of 30,000 €/QALY was considered. RESULTS Of 10 studies in which utility was simulated, four used pCGS, and six used OFG. The ICER analyses showed that pCGS was cost-effective compared to a placebo, with an ICER of 4489 €/QALY at month 3, 4112 €/QALY at month 6 and 9983 €/QALY at year 3. The use of OFG was not cost-effective at any of the time points considered. CONCLUSION Using our previously published model to simulate the individual health utility scores of patients, we showed that, in the German context, the use of pCGS could be considered cost-effective, while the use of OFG could not. These results highlight the importance of the formulation of glucosamine.
Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Enteritis With Video Capsule Endoscopy and Double Balloon Enteroscopy With Favorable Response to Corticosteroids

ABSTRACT Eosinophilic enteritis is a rare disease with nonspecific symptoms, often representing a diagnostic challenge. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) has enabled examination of the full small bowel. However, capsule retention is an unfortunate complication. We present the case of a female patient admitted for abdominal pain. Appendectomy without resolution of symptoms was performed. A normal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were obtained. The diagnosis was made by VCE and double balloon enteroscopy with biopsy. Asymptomatic capsule retention was resolved after corticosteroid therapy. The patient showed a favorable clinical and endoscopic response, confirmed through a second VCE after 3 months of treatment.
Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects

Background: Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccus that can survive under harsh conditions. Studies have shown a positive relationship between biofilm formation and gelE gene expression in E. faecalis. The production of gelatinase (MMP 2) has been detected in 50% of E. faecalis isolates from endodontic and periodontal infections, which suggests its role in the pathogenesis of apical and marginal periodontitis. Although E. faecalis is not considered a periodontopathogen, this species has been more frequently detected in subgingival samples with periodontitis than from periodontally healthy subjects, suggesting that the local conditions in periodontitis may favor its colonization. Hence, the aim of the current study was to detect and compare the presence of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects aged between 25 and 55 years, from the Outpatient Department of Periodontics were recruited for the study. All the subjects were screened for gingival and periodontal status using plaque index, gingival index, and clinical attachment loss. They were divided into three groups based on the clinical findings. Group A: 18 healthy individuals (gingival index with score zero) Group B: 34 gingivitis patients (gingival index with score >1) Group C: 48 chronic periodontitis patients (clinical attachment loss >5 mm in >30% of sites). Subgingival plaque samples of all the enrolled subjects were collected using a sterile curette, later poured into a transport medium (Viability Medium Goteborg Agar III) and sent for microbial culturing within 2 h for detection of E. faecalis. Results: E. faecalis was detected in 26.8% of all samples evaluated. There was a significantly higher frequency of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of periodontitis group (41.7%), compared to gingivitis (5.9%) and healthy group (0%). Conclusion: Enterococci may contribute to increased collagen and periodontal destruction and may further lead to disease progression in patients with chronic periodontitis.
Prognostic Significance of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transitions-Related Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin with clinicopathological characteristics and 5-year overall survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and methods: A total of 200 surgically resected OSCC patients treated during 2008-2011 were included. The protein expression analysis was performed using immunohistochemical technique on paraffin-embedded microarray tissue slides Immunoreactivity of proteins were classified into two groups using score of intensity multiplied by percentage of positive tumor cells. A combined analysis was performed using both E-cadherin and vimentin expression to determine Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) status. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the differences among survival curves. Cox-regression analysis was used to obtain independent prognostic factors. Results: The median survival time was 48 months. Twenty-eight (14%) tumors showed loss of Ecadherin expression and 172 (86%) showed preserved E-cadherin expression. Vimentin was negative in 113 (56.5%) tumors and positive in 87(43.5%). E-cadherin (P=0.008) and EMT status (P=0.02) were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. E-cadherin and vimentin were significantly associated with 5year overall survival with HR 1.94, 95%CI (1.19-3.16) and HR 1.85, 95% CI (1.26-2.7) respectively. EMT status was also significantly associated with 5-year overall survival, the hazard ratio increased with EMT progression. Complete EMT (loss of E-cadherin expression and positive vimentin) status had higher hazard ratio then individual proteins (HR 2.88, 95% CI (1.44-5.79)). Conclusion: Though both E-cadherin and vimentin expression could act as an independent prognostic factor, a combined evaluation of E-cadherin and vimentin expression to evaluate EMT status could provide a stronger indicator of prognosis in OSCC in addition to age, stage and treatment modality in surgically resected oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Surgical technique modifies the postoperative atrioventricular block rate in sutureless prostheses.

Background The main objective was to analyse the impact of the modification of the Perceval S implantation technique on the prevalence of postoperative atrioventricular block, which requires a permanent pacemaker, in our aortic valve replacement series. In addition, we attempted to identify those risk factors that are related to the appearance of this complication. Methods Five hundred and seventy-two valve replacements were carried out with PERCEVAL S in our centre up to July 2018. Use of modified technique (n=302). Minimally invasive approach (n=340). Associated coronary surgery (n=95). Patients with pacemakers prior to surgery (n=27) and associated mitral or tricuspid valve surgery (n=26) were excluded. We analysed variables of interest that could influence the increase in postoperative atrioventricular block. Technique performed, disorders of intraventricular conduction and pre/intraoperative characteristics. The influence of the modified technique was analysed. Results Five hundred and nineteen aortic valve replacements with PERCEVAL S. Age (years) (median 77, interquartile range 8). Height (cm) (159, 13.5). Euroscore II (%) (2.25, 2.27). Postoperative atrioventricular block standard technique (n=23, 10.14%). Modified technique (n=14, 4.30%) (P=0.009). Multivariate regression analysis. Final model AUC =0.740, maximum model AUC =0.774 (P>0.05). Includes: Technique used (P=0.024), height (P=0.043) and disorders of interventricular conduction, right bundle branch block (P=0.005), trifascicular block (P=0.008). Conclusions In our experience, the modified technique significantly decreases the incidence of postoperative atrioventricular block that requires a permanent pacemaker in the aortic valve replacement with PERCEVAL S. The prior electrocardiographic presence of right bundle branch block, trifascicular block and the height of the patient are associated with an increased risk of blocking.
Improvement and sustainability of walking ability with hybrid assistive limb training in a patient with cerebral palsy after puberty: a case report

[Purpose] Cerebral palsy is one of the most common causes of childhood physical disability affecting motor development. Gait training with a wearable-robot, such as the Hybrid Assistive Limb, has been reported to improve gait ability in patients with chronic motor disabilities; however, there are no reports concerning the sustained improvement of walking ability with its use in patients with cerebral palsy. We present our observations for the use of Hybrid Assistive Limb gait training in a postpubescent cerebral palsy patient. [Participant and Methods] A 17-year-old male with spastic cerebral palsy could only ambulate slightly using a crouch gait posture and with the aid of a walker. Hybrid Assistive Limb training was performed thrice weekly for 4 weeks (total of 12 sessions) along with concurrent daily physical therapy. The follow-up period was 7 months after the intervention. [Results] The intervention resulted in improvements in the patient’s gait speed, proportion of the stance phase in a gait cycle, step length, and the flexion angle of the knees at initial contact and during late stance phase, which was sustained for 7 months following the intervention. [Conclusion] Our observations suggest that Hybrid Assistive Limb training may effectively improve and sustain walking ability even among postpubescent cerebral palsy patients who have a decreased walking ability.
Pengaruh Terapi Kelompok Suportif Terhadap Kemandirian Pasien Skizofrenia Yang Mengalami Defisit Perawatan Diri Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Propinsi Ntb

Defisit perawatan diri adalah masalah yang sering dijumpai pada pasien dengan skizofrenia. Gangguan perawatan diri ini terjadi karena pasien mengalami gangguan kognitif, sehingga mengakibatkan ketidakmampuan pasien dalam mengatur dan merawat dirinya sendiri seperti mandi, berhias, makan minum serta toileting. Pendekatan Terapi Supportif pada pasien yang mengalami defisit perawatan diri mampu memberikan dukungan terapis terhadap pasien sehingga pasien dapat berkontribusi dalam pemecahan masalah kelompok dan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan mencapai kemandirian yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan pengaruh terapi kelompok supportif terhadap kemandirian pasien skizofrenia yang mengalami defisit perawatan diri di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Propinsi NTB. Desain penelitian Pra eksperiment dengan besar sampel 9 orang pasien yang dirawat di Ruang Dahlia Rumah Sakit Jiwa Propinsi NTB yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi. Analisa data menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan taraf signifikansi α <0,05. Hasil Wilcoxon signed Rank Test sebelum dan setelah pemberian terapi suportif pada kelompok perlakuan memiliki p = 0,002. menunjukkan adanya pengaruh terapi suportif pada kemandirian pasien skizofrenia yang mengalami defisit perawatan diri. Terapi suportif memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemandirian pasien shizophrenic yang mengalami defisit perawatan diri. Oleh karena itu, terapi suportif harus diterapkan untuk pasien dengan masalah defisit perawatan diri sebagai upaya untuk membantu pasien meningkatkan kemandirian dalam perawatan diri.
How to Detect Early Kidney Disease in Hypertension

Almost all the kidney diseases except some forms of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis cause hypertension. Hypertension in kidney disease is multifactorial. Volume overload, activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, enhanced sympathetic activity, and altered vascular reactivity comprise the common mechanisms. Hypertension per se can injure kidney. Benign nephrosclerosis and malignant nephrosclerosis are the two well-defined pathologies described. Hypertension, being a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, can contribute for “ischemic nephropathy” occurring due to atherosclerotic renal artery disease. Importantly, hypertension is an independent determinant of renal prognosis irrespective of the etiology of kidney disease! The Concept of “Chronic Kidney Disease”
Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Diagnostic Test for Malaria Diagnosis among Febrile Children in Calabar, Nigeria

Background: The WHO recommends that all cases of suspected malaria should undergo parasitological test. Currently, the parasitological test comprises the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) or the microscopy. The performance of RDT in relation to microscopy is yet to be fully comprehended. Objectives: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of RDT as against the diagnosis provided by microscopy in detecting malaria parasites among febrile under-5 children. Design: The study was a cross-sectional hospital-based design. Materials and Methods: Capillary blood samples were collected from 167 children who came to the hospital with a history of fever over a period of 6 months. The Paracheck-Pf RDT kit was used and its performance was compared with the gold standard, microscopy using thick film. Results: The prevalence of malaria infection was 41.9%. On comparing RDT with microscopy (microscopy assumed to be 100% sensitive and specific), RDT had a sensitivity of 51.4% and a specificity of 73.2%. The false-positive rate was 26.8% whereas the false-negative rate was 48.6%. The positive predictive value was 58.1% whereas the negative predictive value (NPV) was 67.6%. The RDT also had a positive likelihood ratio (LR) of 1.92 and a negative LR of 0.67. The RDT test accuracy was 64.1%. Conclusion: Malaria prevalence among febrile children was found to be high. The findings also suggest that inconsistencies in the performance of RDT kits may arise from many extraneous factors, and as such, they should not be used as a stand-alone test kit except a prior batch/lot validation test was carried on them.
Effect of ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo leaves on experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease in albino rats

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Pathophysiology of IBD is not known with certainty. Immunological processes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed to contribute considerably to development of tissue injury. Some of the intestinal and/or colonic injury and dysfunction observed in IBD is due to elaboration of these reactive species. Commonly used drugs, in particular sulfasalazine and its active moiety 5-aminosalicylic acid, are potent ROS scavengers. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo (EEVN) leaves on experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease in albino rats.Methods: The rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group A and group B received gum acacia per orally, group C received EEVN in dose of 500 mg/kg/day per orally, and group D received 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) in the dose of 100 mg/kg/day per orally. All the animals were pre-treated with respective drugs (volume of drugs was kept constant at 10 ml/kg) for five days, along with the normal diet. On fifth day animals were kept fasting for 12 hours (overnight) and IBD was induced next morning in Groups B, C and D by administration of one ml of 4% acetic acid solution transrectally (TR). Group A (normal control) received 0.9% normal saline transrectally (TR) instead.Results: The results have been shown that EEVN has significant activity against experimentally induced IBD when compared to the experimental control, with near normalization of colon architecture both macroscopically as well as microscopically. Tissue oxidative stress was reduced with significant improvement in tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Also, significant improvement in levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was observed.Conclusions: It is concluded that ethanolic extract of leaves of Vitex negundo has got potent activity against experimentally induced IBD due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties.
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF OCIMUM BASILICUM AND AEGLE MARMELOS LEAVES IN MALE ALBINO RATS

Wounds are major cause of physical disabilities. Wound healing consists of orderly progression of series of events that establish the integrity of the damaged tissues. Aegle marmelos (Bael) is used for medicinal purposes, including treatment of dyspepsia, inflammation, asthma, hypoglycemia, cancer, hepatitis, diabetes, sinusitis, tuberculosis, diarrhea, dysentery, as astringent, digestive, stomachic etc. Recent pharmacological studies have established various pharmacological properties of Ocimum basilicum (Ban-tulsi) like anabolic, hypoglycemic, smooth muscle relaxant, cardiac depressant, antifertility, adaptogenic, antifertility, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiallergic and immunomodulator properties. The present study was undertaken on ethanolic extract of leaves of Aegle marmelos and Ocimum basilicum on wound healing activity through topical route on excision wound model. The activity was compared with standard drug povidone iodine ointment (5% w/w) respectively. The leaves of Aegle marmelos ethanolic extract was found to have better wound healing effect than ethanolic extract of leaves of Ocimum basilicum on excision wound model. The leaves of Aegle marmelos ethanolic extract also showed faster rate of healing when compared with standard topical application. Keywords Aegle marmelos, Ocimum basilicum, Wound healing activity, Excision wound model.
Sequence generation with a physiologically plausible model of handwriting and Recurrent Mixture Density Networks

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility and potential benefits of using a physiological plausible model of handwriting as a feature representation for sequence generation with recurrent mixture density networks. We build on recent results in handwriting prediction developed by Graves (2013), and we focus on generating sequences that possess the statistical and dynamic qualities of handwriting and calligraphic art forms. Rather than model raw sequence data, we first preprocess and reconstruct the input training data with a concise representation given by a motor plan (in the form of a coarse sequence of `ballistic' targets) and corresponding dynamic parameters (which define the velocity and curvature of the pen-tip trajectory). This representation provides a number of advantages, such as enabling the system to learn from very few examples by introducing artificial variability in the training data, and mixing of visual and dynamic qualities learned from different datasets.