Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series MGT 2015-1555

This study investigates the strategy for a business to compete with its partners. Differentiation is usually employed but the effectiveness becomes suspicious when risk is present. Given inventory risk and cost increasing under demand variability, various coordinated strategies are reached through product repositioning. When the product in a direct channel is cheaper and inferior than the product in an indirect channel, the direct channel is not competitive under forbearing strategy. When the product in a direct channel is more expensive and inferior than that in an indirect channel, the direct channel should exercise assistant strategy. For products are with high demand variability (e.g., luxury goods), the higher selling cost is existed, the higher price should be for low positioned products and the larger differentiation must be in both direct and retail channels. When the product in an indirect channel positions to 2/5 of the direct channel and the wholesale price is the sum of linear combinations of product differentiation, profits are all maximized.
A Functional Connection between the Circadian Clock and Hormonal Timing in Arabidopsis

The rotation of the Earth entails changes in environmental conditions that pervasively influence an organism’s physiology and metabolism. An internal cellular mechanism known as the circadian clock acts as an internal timekeeper that is able to perceive the changes in environmental cues to generate 24-h rhythms in synchronization with daily and seasonal fluctuations. In plants, the circadian clock function is particularly important and regulates nearly every aspect of plant growth and development as well as proper responses to stresses. The circadian clock does not function in isolation but rather interconnects with an intricate network of different pathways, including those of phytohormones. Here, we describe the interplay of the circadian clock with a subset of hormones in Arabidopsis. The molecular components directly connecting the circadian and hormone pathways are described, highlighting the biological significance of such connections in the control of growth, development, fitness, and survival. We focus on the overlapping as well as contrasting circadian and hormonal functions that together provide a glimpse on how the Arabidopsis circadian system regulates hormone function in response to endogenous and exogenous cues. Examples of feedback regulation from hormone signaling to the clock are also discussed.
LIV 2000 : Motionsvanor, fysisk prestationsförmåga och levnadsvanor bland svenska kvinnor och män i åldrarna 20-65 år

LIV 2000; syfte och fragestallningarLIV 90-studien avspeglade for forsta gangen motionsvanor, fysisk status och overgripande halsostatus i en val definierad grupp av hela svenska befolkningen. Folj .
Application of Clinical Concept Embeddings for Heart Failure Prediction in UK EHR data

Electronic health records (EHR) are increasingly being used for constructing disease risk prediction models. Feature engineering in EHR data however is challenging due to their highly dimensional and heterogeneous nature. Low-dimensional representations of EHR data can potentially mitigate these challenges. In this paper, we use global vectors (GloVe) to learn word embeddings for diagnoses and procedures recorded using 13 million ontology terms across 2.7 million hospitalisations in national UK EHR. We demonstrate the utility of these embeddings by evaluating their performance in identifying patients which are at higher risk of being hospitalised for congestive heart failure. Our findings indicate that embeddings can enable the creation of robust EHR-derived disease risk prediction models and address some the limitations associated with manual clinical feature engineering.
NeuroTreeNet: A New Method to Explore Horizontal Expansion Network

It is widely recognized that the deeper networks or networks with more feature maps have better performance. Existing studies mainly focus on extending the network depth and increasing the feature maps of networks. At the same time, horizontal expansion network (e.g. Inception Model) as an alternative way to improve network performance has not been fully investigated. Accordingly, we proposed NeuroTreeNet (NTN), as a new horizontal extension network through the combination of random forest and Inception Model. Based on the tree structure, in which each branch represents a network and the root node features are shared to child nodes, network parameters are effectively reduced. By combining all features of leaf nodes, even less feature maps achieved better performance. In addition, the relationship between tree structure and the performance of NTN was investigated in depth. Comparing to other networks (e.g. VDSR\_5) with equal magnitude parameters, our model showed preferable performance in super resolution reconstruction task.
Nearby supernova host galaxies from the CALIFA Survey

We use optical integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of nearby supernova (SN) host galaxies (0.005 2.4 Gyr, respectively) than the massive SN Ia hosts (0.04%, 2.01%, and 97.95% in these intervals). We estimate that the low-mass galaxies produce ten times fewer SNe Ia and three times fewer CC SNe than the high-mass group. Therefore the ratio between the number of CC SNe and SNe Ia is expected to increase with decreasing galaxy mass. CC SNe tend to explode at positions with younger stellar populations than the galaxy average, but the galaxy properties at SNe Ia locations are one average the same as the global galaxy properties.
The BioGRID interaction database: 2019 update

Abstract The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID: https://thebiogrid.org) is an open access database dedicated to the curation and archival storage of protein, genetic and chemical interactions for all major model organism species and humans. As of September 2018 (build 3.4.164), BioGRID contains records for 1 598 688 biological interactions manually annotated from 55 809 publications for 71 species, as classified by an updated set of controlled vocabularies for experimental detection methods. BioGRID also houses records for >700 000 post-translational modification sites. BioGRID now captures chemical interaction data, including chemical–protein interactions for human drug targets drawn from the DrugBank database and manually curated bioactive compounds reported in the literature. A new dedicated aspect of BioGRID annotates genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based screens that report gene–phenotype and gene–gene relationships. An extension of the BioGRID resource called the Open Repository for CRISPR Screens (ORCS) database (https://orcs.thebiogrid.org) currently contains over 500 genome-wide screens carried out in human or mouse cell lines. All data in BioGRID is made freely available without restriction, is directly downloadable in standard formats and can be readily incorporated into existing applications via our web service platforms. BioGRID data are also freely distributed through partner model organism databases and meta-databases.
High Performance and Low Energy Consumption in Phase Change Material RF Switches

This paper presents a RF to mm-wave switch based on Germanium Telluride phase change material. An integration process compatible with a standard CMOS back end of line is proposed to realize directly heated switches. RF measurements, performed up to 65 GHz, show an ON-state resistance of $\mathbf{1}\Omega$ with an OFF-state capacitance of 7 fF corresponding to a 22 THz cutoff frequency which constitutes a state-of-the-art Figure-of-Merit. Switching time of only 60 ns in both phase changes allow energy consumption one decade lower than the state-of-the-art for crystallization. A geometrical variation of GeTe dimensions shows a linear evolution of RF performance in terms of ON-state resistance and an almost unchanged performance in the OFF-state.
Impact of on-Silicon De-Embedding Test Structures and RF Probes Design in the Sub-THz Range

In this paper, we present on-wafer TRL calibration results up to 220 GHz using on-wafer fabricated test structures on the silicon substrate. For on-wafer TRL calibration, “Open-M1”, which is an important test structure used for transistor's de-embedding, is considered as a DUT and thorough analysis is presented about its terminal capacitances. The measurement results are comprehensively examined through 3D EM simulation and possible solutions to improve on-wafer TRL calibrated measurement results are also proposed.
Comparison of neuro-fuzzy, neural network, and maximum likelihood classifiers for land cover classification using IKONOS multispectral data

For the comparison and evaluation of neuro-fuzzy, neural network, and maximum likelihood classifiers, a land cover classification activity was performed using multispectral IKONOS data of part of Daejeon City in Korea. For this purpose, a neuro-fuzzy program was derived from a generic model of a three-layer fuzzy perceptron. The results of the classification and method comparison show that the neuro-fuzzy classifier was the most accurate method. Thus, the neurofuzzy model is more suitable for classifying a mixed-composition area such as the natural environment of the Korean peninsula. The neuro-fuzzy classifier is superior in its suppression of classification errors for mixed land cover signatures. The classified land cover information is important when the results of the classification are integrated into a geographical information system.
Personalized Cancer Treatment by Using Naive Bayes Classifier

Pharmacogenomics is the application of genomic technologies to drug discovery and development, as well as for the elucidation of the mechanisms of drug action on cells and organisms. DNA microarrays measure genome-wide gene expression patterns and are an important tool for pharmacogenomics applications, such as the identification of molecular targets for drugs, toxicological studies and molecular diagnostics. DNA based classification is difficult because the sequence of DNA differs from among all individuals. Genome-wide investigations generate vast amounts of data and there is a need for soft computational methods such as artificial intelligence and expert systems to manage and analyze this information. This study presents a Naive Bayes classifier to a novel approach on application of pharmacogenetics to personalized cancer treatment using data of TPMT polymorphisms.
Ocean Circulation Modeling for Operational Oceanography: Current Status and Future Challenges

This chapter focuses on ocean circulation models used in operational oceanography, physical oceanography and climate science. Ocean circulation models are a particular branch of ocean numerical modeling that focuses on the representation of ocean physical properties over spatial scales ranging from the global scale to less than a kilometer and time scales ranging from hours to decades. As such, they are an essential building block for operational oceanography systems and their design receives a lot of attention from operational and research centers.
Short-term impact of PM2.5 on contemporaneous asthma medication use: Behavior and the value of pollution reductions

Asthma ranks among the most costly of chronic diseases, accounting for over $50 billion annually in direct medical expenditures in the United States. At the same time, evidence has accumulated that fine particulate matter pollution can exacerbate asthma symptoms and generate substantial economic costs. To measure these costs, we use a unique nationwide panel dataset tracking asthmatic individuals’ use of rescue medication and their exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm) concentration between 2012 and 2017, to estimate the causal relationship between pollution and inhaler use. Our sample consists of individuals using an asthma digital health platform, which relies on a wireless sensor to track the place and time of inhaler use events, as well as regular nonevent location and time indicators. These data provide an accurate measurement of inhaler use and allow spatially and temporally resolute assignment of pollution exposure. Using a high-frequency research design and individual fixed effects, we find that a 1 μg/m3 (12%) increase in weekly exposure to PM2.5 increases weekly inhaler use by 0.82%. We also show that there is seasonal, regional, and income-based heterogeneity in this response. Using our response prediction, and an estimate from the literature on the willingness to pay to avoid asthma symptoms, we show that a nationwide 1 μg/m3 reduction in particulate matter concentration would generate nearly $350 million annually in economic benefits.
1 Infusions from Thymus vulgaris L . treated at different gamma radiation doses : effects on antioxidant activity and phenolic composition Running title : Gamma irradiation effects on antioxidants of thyme infusions

Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. GIP-USAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain. Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal. Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N. 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal.
Digitale mapper og konsekvenser for læringsmiljø i høgere utdanning

Med utgangspunkt i et sosiokulturelt perspektiv har vi sett på bruken av digitale mapper i høgere utdanning i Norge. Hvordan påvirker digitalisering av mapper studenters læringsmiljø? Hvordan påvirker bruk av digitale mapper studenters motivasjon og forståelse for eget læringspotensial? Hjelper teknologien studentene til å ta tak i egen læring? Vi kommenterer ulike muligheter og utfordringer som digitale mapper gir.
Boosting fine-grained activity sensing by embracing wireless multipath effects

With a big success in data communication, wireless signals are now exploited for fine-grained contactless activity sensing including human respiration monitoring, finger gesture recognition, subtle chin movement tracking when speaking, etc. Different from coarsegrained body and limb movements, these fine-grained movements are in the scale of millimetres and are thus difficult to be sensed. While good sensing performance can be achieved at one location, the performance degrades dramatically at a very nearby location. In this paper, by revealing the effect of static multipaths in sensing, we propose a novel method to add man-made "virtual" multipath to significantly improve the sensing performance. With carefully designed "virtual" multipath, we are able to boost the sensing performance at each location purely in software without any extra hardware. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on three fine-grained sensing applications with just one Wi-Fi transceiver-pair, each equipped with a single antenna. For respiration monitoring, we can remove the "blind spots" and achieve full coverage respiration sensing. For finger gesture recognition, our system can significantly increase the recognition accuracy from 33% to 81%. For chin movement tracking, we are able to count the number of spoken syllables in a sentence at an accuracy of 92.8%.
The Batched Set Cover Problem

We introduce the batched set cover problem, which is a generalization of the online set cover problem. In this problem, the elements of the ground set that need to be covered arrive in batches. Our main technical contribution is a tight $\Omega(H_{m - 2^z + 1})$ lower bound on the competitive ratio of any fractional batched algorithm given an adversary that is required to produce batches of VC-dimension at least $z$, for some $z \in \mathbb{N}^0$. This restriction on the adversary is motivated by the fact that, in some real world applications, decisions are made after collecting batches of data of non-trivial VC-dimension. In particular, ridesharing systems rely on the batch assignment of trip requests to vehicles, and some related problems such as that of optimal congregation points for passenger pickups and dropoffs can be modeled as a batched set cover problem with VC-dimension greater than or equal to two. Furthermore, we note that while any online algorithm may be used to solve the batched set cover problem by artificially sequencing the elements in a batch, this procedure may neglect the rich information encoded in the complex interactions between the elements of a batch and the sets that contain them. Therefore, we propose a minor modification to an online algorithm found in [8] to obtain an algorithm that attempts to exploit such information. Unfortunately, we are unable to improve its analysis in a way that reflects this intuition. However, we present computational experiments that provide empirical evidence of a constant factor improvement in the competitive ratio. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to use the VC-dimension in the context of online (batched) covering problems.
Maximum a posteriori height estimation in InSAR imaging

A multi-frequencies maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation of height profiles, from InSAR data, is presented in this paper. A quadratic MRF model is adopted to exploit a-priori information about the unknown image; the hyperparameter estimation, performed on a local basis, provides a powerful representation model for realistic height surfaces. The resulting MAP estimation is efficiently performed by a Metropolis version of the simulated annealing algorithm, and is able to reconstruct very discontinuous profiles.
Outcomes of the Weighted Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter in Patients at Risk of Percutaneous Catheter Failure

Background: The weighted catheter has shown promising results in retrospective and randomized studies. We examined its usefulness in patients with previous failed non-weighted peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters or previous abdominal surgery. Methods: The insertion, start, end, and removal dates were recorded for all-type catheter insertions from 2011 to 2016. Primary and secondary failure rates were recorded, defined as failure to ever establish flow (primary) or failure after a period of successful PD (secondary). Patients were censored from analysis if PD ended due to death, transfer of care, transfer to hemodialysis, transplantation, or if the patient recovered renal function. Results: There were 44 weighted, 75 non-weighted open surgical, and 143 percutaneous catheters. There was previous abdominal surgery in 29% and 6% of patients receiving surgically inserted and percutaneous catheters, respectively (p < 0.0001). Primary failure rates were 4/44 (9%), 20/75 (27%), and 26/143 (18%) in weighted, non-weighted surgical, and percutaneous catheters, respectively. There were reduced primary and secondary failure rates in the weighted (9% primary and 15% secondary) versus non-weighted surgically inserted group (27% primary and 46% secondary) (p = 0.04). There was no difference between primary (p = 0.15) and secondary (p = 0.5) failure rates between weighted and percutaneously inserted catheters. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed overall increased catheter survival in the weighted group (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Weighted catheters were associated with increased survival and decreased failure rates compared with non-weighted surgical catheters, despite usage in patients at higher risk of catheter failure due to previous failed catheters and abdominal surgery.
Dynamics of respiratory symptoms during infancy and associations with wheezing at school age

Children with frequent respiratory symptoms in infancy have an increased risk for later wheezing, but the association with symptom dynamics is unknown. We developed an observer-independent method to characterise symptom dynamics and tested their association with subsequent respiratory morbidity. In this birth-cohort of healthy neonates, we prospectively assessed weekly respiratory symptoms during infancy, resulting in a time series of 52 symptom scores. For each infant, we calculated the transition probability between two consecutive symptom scores. We used these transition probabilities to construct a Markov matrix, which characterised symptom dynamics quantitatively using an entropy parameter. Using this parameter, we determined phenotypes by hierarchical clustering. We then studied the association between phenotypes and wheezing at 6 years. In 322 children with complete data for symptom scores during infancy (16 864 observations), we identified three dynamic phenotypes. Compared to the low-risk phenotype, the high-risk phenotype, defined by the highest entropy parameter, was associated with an increased risk of wheezing (odds ratio (OR) 3.01, 95% CI 1.15–7.88) at 6 years. In this phenotype, infants were more often male (64%) and had been exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (31%). In addition, more infants had siblings (67%) and attended childcare (38%). We describe a novel method to objectively characterise dynamics of respiratory symptoms in infancy, which helps identify abnormal clinical susceptibility and recovery patterns of infant airways associated with persistent wheezing. Unsupervised analysis of symptom dynamics during infancy identifies subjects susceptible to persistent airway disease http://ow.ly/r9xz30lDpHB
Understanding Patients' Perspectives and Information Needs Following a Positive Home Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kit Result.

OBJECTIVE We explored patient perspectives after a positive human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling result to describe experiences and information needs for this home-based screening modality. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited women who tested high-risk (hr) HPV positive during a pragmatic trial evaluating mailed hrHPV self-sampling kits as an outreach strategy for women overdue for Pap screening in a U.S. integrated health care system. Telephone interviews were conducted from 2014 to 2017. Five independent coders analyzed transcripts using iterative content analysis. RESULTS Forty-six women (61% of invited; median age 55.5 years) completed a semistructured interview. Six themes emerged: (1) convenience of home-based screening, (2) intense feelings and emotions after receiving positive kit results, (3) importance of seeing provider and discussing kit results, (4) information seeking from various sources, (5) confusion about purpose and meaning of HPV versus Pap tests, and (6) concern that HPV self-sampling is inaccurate when the subsequent Pap test is normal. CONCLUSIONS Although women liked the kit's convenience, discussion about discordant home HPV and in-clinic Pap results led them to question the accuracy of HPV self-sampling. Patient-provider communication around home HPV kits is more complex than for reflex or cotesting because clinician-collected Pap results are unknown at the time of the positive kit result. Patients need education about differences between HPV and Pap tests and how they are used for screening and follow-up. To reassure patients and keep them interested in self-sampling, education should be provided at multiple time points during the screening process.