Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Remote Meter Automatic Reading Based on Computer Vision

A novel method is put forward, which the power meter can be read based on compute vision, and the architecture of remote meter auto reading system is designed. Different with the normal automatic meter reading system that must obtain the value from digital communication interface, the new method recognizes the meter reading utilizing the computer vision technique, it is a kind of non-contact measurement. In the meter automatic reading, the computer vision discrimination, incorporate human's ability of visual and apprehensive models. Not only the digital display power meter can be read, but also the direct-reading instrument can be fetched. In this paper, the scheme of remote automatic reading is introduced, the local meter reading information of distributed substation can be transmitted to center using computer network and then the pretreatment, segmentation and pattern matching, are detailed description in the meter image recognition process. Via energy meter automatic recognition experiment, the results based computer vision is accurate enough to monitor the remote substation running parameters
MyD88, an Adapter Protein Involved in Interleukin-1 Signaling*

MyD88 has a modular organization, an N-terminal death domain (DD) related to the cytoplasmic signaling domains found in many members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily, and a C-terminal Toll domain similar to that found in the expanding family of Toll/interleukin-1-like receptors (IL-1R). This dual domain structure, together with the following observations, supports a role for MyD88 as an adapter in IL-1 signal transduction; MyD88 forms homodimers in vivo through DD-DD and Toll-Toll interactions. Overexpression of MyD88 induces activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the transcription factor NF-κB through its DD. A point mutation in MyD88, MyD88-lpr (F56N), which prevents dimerization of the DD, also blocks induction of these activities. MyD88-induced NF-κB activation is inhibited by the dominant negative versions of TRAF6 and IRAK, which also inhibit IL-1-induced NF-κB activation. Overexpression of MyD88-lpr or MyD88-Toll (expressing only the Toll domain) acted to inhibit IL-1-induced NF-κB and JNK activation in a 293 cell line overexpressing the IL-1RI. MyD88 coimmunoprecipitates with the IL-1R signaling complex in an IL-1-dependent manner.
The MYB46 Transcription Factor Is a Direct Target of SND1 and Regulates Secondary Wall Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

We demonstrate that the Arabidopsis thaliana MYB46 transcription factor is a direct target of SECONDARY WALL-ASSOCIATED NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN1 (SND1), which is a key transcriptional activator regulating the developmental program of secondary wall biosynthesis. The MYB46 gene is expressed predominantly in fibers and vessels in stems, and its encoded protein is targeted to the nucleus and can activate transcription. MYB46 gene expression was shown to be regulated by SND1, and transactivation analysis demonstrated that SND1 as well as its close homologs were able to activate the MYB46 promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that SND1 binds to the MYB46 promoter. Dominant repression of MYB46 caused a drastic reduction in the secondary wall thickening of fibers and vessels. Overexpression of MYB46 resulted in an activation of the biosynthetic pathways of cellulose, xylan, and lignin and concomitantly led to ectopic deposition of secondary walls in cells that are normally nonsclerenchymatous. In addition, the expression of two secondary wall–associated transcription factors, MYB85 and KNAT7, was highly upregulated by MYB46 overexpression. These results demonstrate that MYB46 is a direct target of SND1 and is another key player in the transcriptional network involved in the regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
New Protocol to Optimize iPS Cells for Genome Analysis of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva

Successful in vitro disease‐recapitulation using patient‐specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) requires two fundamental technical issues: appropriate control cells and robust differentiation protocols. To investigate fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare genetic disease leading to extraskeletal bone formation through endochondral ossification, gene‐corrected (rescued) iPSC clones (resFOP‐iPSC) were generated from patient‐derived iPSC (FOP‐iPSC) as genetically matched controls, and the stepwise induction method of mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs) through neural crest cell (NCC) lineage was used to recapitulate the disease phenotype. FOP‐iMSCs possessing enhanced chondrogenic ability were transcriptionally distinguishable from resFOP‐iMSCs and activated the SMAD1/5/8 and SMAD2/3 pathways at steady state. Using this method, we identified MMP1 and PAI1 as genes responsible for accelerating the chondrogenesis of FOP‐iMSCs. These data indicate that iMSCs through NCC lineage are useful for investigating the molecular mechanism of FOP and corresponding drug discovery. Stem Cells 2015;33:1730–1742
Analysis of pre-compensator for disturbance signal elimination in single-phase inverters with virtual vector control

In virtual vector control schemes for single-phase current-regulated voltage source inverters, a transient disturbance may be induced due to the time-delay in the virtual orthogonal signal. This disturbance deteriorates the dynamic current-tracking capability and power quality. A unified scalar model is developed to analyze the phenomenon. Based on this model, an improved control scheme with a pre-compensator is proposed to solve the problem. The pre-compensator reshapes the current commands so that the transient disturbance signal is eliminated while the desired response is unaffected. Experimental results of the proposed strategy are compared with the conventional solution to substantiate enhanced dynamic performance.
Right-to-left shunt and risk of decompression illness with cochleovestibular and cerebral symptoms in divers: Case control study in 101 consecutive dive accidents

ObjectiveWe investigated the role of right-to-left shunt with standardized transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in a large population of divers referred for symptoms of decompression illness. DesignCase series compared with a control group. SettingMilitary teaching hospital, hyperbaric unit. PatientsPatients were 101 consecutive divers with clinical evidence of decompression illness and a control group of 101 healthy divers. InterventionSpecification of the type of decompression illness involved and detection/evaluation of right-to-left shunt by standardized transcranial Doppler. The degree of right-to-left shunt was defined as major if the number of high-intensity transient signals in the middle cerebral artery was >20. Measurements and Main ResultsWe evaluated the odds ratios by logistic regression analysis with vs. without right-to-left shunt for subjects with cochleovestibular symptoms, cerebral decompression illness, spinal decompression illness, and Caisson sickness. Of the 101 divers presenting with decompression illness, transcranial Doppler detected a right-to-left shunt in 59 (58.4%), whereas control subjects demonstrated a right-to-left shunt in 25 cases (24.8%; odds ratio, 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.3–7.8;p = .09). When a right-to-left shunt was detected, the right-to-left shunt was major in 12 of 25 patients in the control group and in 49 of 59 patients in the decompression illness group (odds ratio, 8.7; 95% confidence interval, 4.2–18.0;p < .001). Within the decompression illness group, the proportion of major right-to-left shunt was 24 of 34 (odds ratio, 29.7; 95% confidence interval, 10.0–87.2;p < .0001) in the cochleovestibular subgroup, 13 of 21 (odds ratio, 24.1, 95% confidence interval, 6.8–86.0, p < 0.0001) in the cerebral decompression illness subgroup, ten of 31 (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–10.3;p < .01) in the spinal decompression illness subgroup, and two of two (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–5.7;p = .9) in the subgroup of divers with Caisson sickness. ConclusionBased on our results, we conclude that major right-to-left shunt was associated with an increased incidence of cochleovestibular and cerebral decompression illness, suggesting paradoxical embolism as a potential mechanism.
Modeling growth and senescence in physical performance among the ache of eastern paraguay

This article seeks to partially fill a paucity of available data on physical performance in hunter–gatherer societies. Quantitative data are presented on various physical performance measures conducted on the Ache of eastern Paraguay, hunter–gatherers up to the 1970s and now part‐time foragers and horticulturists. The performance battery was conducted on most individuals over 10 years of age, allowing for cross‐sectional examination of growth and senescence patterns across the lifespan for both sexes. These measures tend to display steep ascents and peak in the early 20s with slight declines thereafter with age for males, whereas females demonstrate peaks in performance earlier in life, with lower or no senescence rates thereafter. The result is a convergence in physical performance between men and women at later ages. We suggest that the female physiology faces reproductive constraints to performance early in life but shifts allocation to increased work output later in life during the long human postmenopausal stage. In contrast, the male physiology maximizes work output in early adult life. These schedules of physical performance are contrasted with schedules of food production ability, which tend to occur later in life, and therefore imply that skill rather than strength alone is an important component of the human foraging niche. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 15:196–208, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
[Visceral Leishmaniasis in HIV-Infected Patients: The Challenge of Relapse and Treatment Failure].

INTRODUCTION Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disseminated infection, considered to be the third most frequent opportunistic parasitic infection in Europe. It is especially prevalent in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus, in whom it poses a great therapeutic challenge due to increased risk of relapse. The goal of this study is to characterize a population of co-infected patients, as well as the efficiency of the adopted treatment strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study with a sample composed of all patients with visceral leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus admitted in an Infectious Diseases ward over a period of 10 years. RESULTS Of the 23 enrolled patients, two were female (8.7%). The mean TCD4+ cell count was 104.4 cells/uL (± 120.3cells/uL), only two patients had undetectable viral load (< 20 copies/mL) and 16 (69.6%) were not under antiretroviral therapy at the time of diagnosis. Treatment-wise, liposomal amphotericin B was used in 18 patients, meglumine antimoniate in four and miltefosine in one. Fourteen (60.9%) were adherent to secondary prophylaxis protocol. A relapse rate of 26.1% was observed (six patients). DISCUSSION Co-infection is responsible for higher treatment failure rates and more relapses. TCD4+ cell count is the main predictive factor of relapse, and strict adherence to chemoprophylaxis protocols unequivocally results in a reduction of relapse rate. Combined treatment strategies using liposomal amphotericin B and miltefosine yield fewer therapeutic failures than the classic approach. CONCLUSION We therefore conclude that alternative, combined therapeutic protocols seem to be a viable solution for these patients.
Effect of nasal CPAP treatment on plasma volume, aldosterone and 24‐h blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnoea

Polycythaemia, peripheral oedema formation and hypertension have classically been described in association with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, there is very limited information about blood volume in OSA and how it changes during long‐term treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). Plasma (PV) and red‐cell volumes (RCV), 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure (BP), 24‐h natriuresis and morning plasma aldosterone, renin activity and atrial natriuretic peptide in 11 men with a mean age of 47 y (range 37–55), apnoea index (AI) of 55 (22–106), body mass index of 36 (30–43) and seated BP of ≥140/90 mmHg without any medication were measured. BP‐measurements were repeated after 3 weeks and all measurements after 3 mo of nCPAP treatment. Aldosterone and 24‐h mean heart rates decreased during treatment. Twenty‐four‐h BP decreased after 3 weeks but that decrease did not persist after 3 mo of treatment. There was a relationship between changes in night‐time mean BP and PV and aldosterone. The haematocrit declined in every patient. No significant changes were found in the mean PV or RCV. They were in all instances lower than has earlier been described for normal, non‐obese subjects. These data also suggest that OSA causes divergent individual disturbances in blood volume homeostasis which can be corrected by nCPAP.
A Unified Bilevel Programming Framework for Price-Based Market Clearing Under Marginal Pricing

Market clearing in restructured power systems is mostly implemented through an offer-based setting with the goal of maximizing social welfare. This approach leads to sound results from an economic viewpoint when generation offers reflect true production costs. However, offers may significantly differ from actual costs in practice, thus yielding undesired distortion. Under a marginal pricing scheme, this paper presents a general bilevel programming framework for alternative market-clearing procedures dependent on market-clearing prices rather than on offers. The resulting nonlinear mixed-integer bilevel programming formulation is transformed into an equivalent single-level mixed-integer linear program suitable for efficient off-the-shelf software. The bilevel formulation is investigated through a particular instance of price-based market clearing driven by consumer payment minimization. This problem has recently received considerable attention due to the open challenges posed from both modeling and computational perspectives. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
MC1R, the cAMP pathway, and the response to solar UV: extending the horizon beyond pigmentation

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is a G protein‐coupled receptor crucial for the regulation of melanocyte proliferation and function. Upon binding melanocortins, MC1R activates several signaling cascades, notably the cAMP pathway leading to synthesis of photoprotective eumelanin. Polymorphisms in the MC1R gene are a major source of normal variation of human hair color and skin pigmentation, response to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), and skin cancer susceptibility. The identification of a surprisingly high number of MC1R natural variants strongly associated with pigmentary phenotypes and increased skin cancer risk has prompted research on the functional properties of the wild‐type receptor and frequent mutant alleles. We summarize current knowledge on MC1R structural and functional properties, as well as on its intracellular trafficking and signaling. We also review the current knowledge about the function of MC1R as a skin cancer, particularly melanoma, susceptibility gene and how it modulates the response of melanocytes to UVR.
Vasodilating Effects of Perhexiline, Glyceryl Trinitrate, and Verapamil on the Coronary, Femoral, Renal, and Mesenteric Vasculature of the Dog

Summary We compared the vasodilator effects of perhexiline on canine coronary, femoral, renal, and mesenteric arteries with those of glyceryl trinitrate and verapamil. Intravenous perhexiline produced vasodilation of all four vascular beds and decreased peripheral vascular resistance. High doses of perhexiline sometimes increased peripheral vascular resistance and reduced peripheral blood flow. This increase in resistance was abolished by hexamethonium. Intra-arterial perhexiline caused dose-dependent dilation in all four vascular beds without selectivity for the coronary circulation. Neither the autonomic nervous system nor inhibition of adenosine deaminase was involved in the vasodilator action of perhexiline. Perhexiline abolished renal blood flow autoregulation, an effect which was reversed by simultaneous administration of CaCl2. These results suggest that the vasodilator effect of perhexiline is mediated by its Ca2+-antagonistic activity. However, some differences in its effects from those of other Ca2+-antagonists remain to be clarified.
Self-adaptive fuzzy-timed systems

We consider the formal representation and analysis of systems with fuzzy-time information. First, we present a formalism to represent specifications. This model exploits the concepts of fuzzy set theory and uses a mathematical framework to get a more flexible approach. As it is usually assumed in industrial case studies, we consider that the original requirements of the specification may change. The implementation is built with respect to these changes but the specification is not upgraded. Thus, it may be outdated. In order to continue using the formal framework, the specification must be adapted with respect to these new requirements. We consider that this update process should be as non-intrusive as possible, that is, without using the source-code of the implementation. We present a novel methodology for self-evolving fuzzy-time systems, without interacting with the source code.
Acknowledging Adult Bias

To assess the feasibility of using beauticians as health literacy agents and beauty salons as health-education portals for adolescent, inner-city, African American girls, the authors conducted focus groups with 25 women: salon clients, salon owners, and medical students. Facilitators to program development included (a) beautician-client relationships, (b) teens' access to health information, and (c) beauticians as information resources. Barriers included (a) adult opinions of teen behaviors, (b) teen mistrust of adults, and (c) low health literacy of beauticians. In developing a health-education program for this population, beauticians and salons may be excellent health information agents and portals if barriers including beautician poor health literacy, adolescent mistrust in adults, and adults' anti-adolescent bias are improved. Program implementation must not solely focus on teens but should also include adult salon users, with the goal of reaching the teens first through these adults and, with time and trust, reaching the teens directly.
Market and Local Protectionism:An Analysis Model Based on Market Property Right

The previous studies focus on the effects of China's administrative decentralization and fiscal contracting are the primary reasons of local protectionism.This paper builds a market property right model by focusing on the effects of market property right costs on the competition and cooperation between regions.This model contributes to enhancing the understanding of the causes underlying China's local cooperation and competition.The market property right costs include the cost of exclusiveness and internal governance,breaking up local protectionism and sharing regions market will lead to the changes between the two costs.The different changes in costs will affect the room for cooperation and competition.
Neuro-quantum networks in tasks of pattern recognition

The task of simulation neural networks with application of quantum calculations is considered. Such approach allows considering the task of pattern recognition and intelligence from new positions as application of quantum methods, which allows solving tasks in ways unavailable in classical computers. Attention is focused on the problem of parallel calculation as the most important property providing a considerable growth of the calculating ability.
Myc-ARF (Alternate Reading Frame) Interaction Inhibits the Functions of Myc*

The tumor suppressor protein ARF (alternate reading frame) inhibits MDM2 to stabilize and activate the functions of p53. Here we provide evidence for an additional activity of ARF that attenuates cell cycle progression independently of p53 activation. We show that ARF interacts with c-Myc independently of MDM2 or p53. Consequently, ARF relocalizes c-Myc from the nucleoplasm to the nucleolus. Binding and relocalization by ARF correlate with an inhibition of the c-Myc-activated transcription in both p53-positive and -negative cells. Using inducible cell lines, we show that the wild type ARF, but not a mutant, inhibits expression of the c-Myc-induced genes before inhibiting S phase. Moreover, ARF inhibits Myc-induced progression into S phase in cells lacking p53 or expressing a defective p53, indicating that ARF inhibits the S phase stimulatory function of c-Myc independently of p53. Our results strongly suggest that cMyc is a bona fide target of ARF and that ARF attenuates c-Myc independently of the ARF-p53 axis.
Notch activates Wnt-4 signalling to control medio-lateral patterning of the pronephros

Previous studies have highlighted a role for the Notch signalling pathway during pronephrogenesis in the amphibian Xenopus laevis, and in nephron development in the mammalian metanephros, yet a mechanism for this function remains elusive. Here, we further the understanding of how Notch signalling patterns the early X. laevis pronephros anlagen, a function that might be conserved in mammalian nephron segmentation. Our results indicate that early phase pronephric Notch signalling patterns the medio-lateral axis of the dorso-anterior pronephros anlagen, permitting the glomus and tubules to develop in isolation. We show that this novel function acts through the Notch effector gene hrt1 by upregulating expression of wnt4. Wnt-4 then patterns the proximal pronephric anlagen to establish the specific compartments that span the medio-lateral axis. We also identified pronephric expression of lunatic fringe and radical fringe that is temporally and spatially appropriate for a role in regulating Notch signalling in the dorso-anterior region of the pronephros anlagen. On the basis of these results, along with data from previous publications, we propose a mechanism by which the Notch signalling pathway regulates a Wnt-4 function that patterns the proximal pronephric anlagen.
Population-based cohort study on the risk of pneumonia in patients with non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage who use proton pump inhibitors

Objectives This nationwide cohort study investigated the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) usage and the risk of pneumonia in patients with non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). Design Nationwide population-based cohort study. Setting Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010) sampled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Participants 4644 patients with non-traumatic ICH from 2010 to 2011 were identified. Patients aged <18 years and newly diagnosed with non-traumatic ICH complicated with pneumonia during the same admission period were excluded. A total of 2170 participants were eligible for the final analysis. Main outcome measure Patients using PPIs or not during the study period were tracked to identify the occurrence of any type of pneumonia. Results The adjusted HR of the risk of pneumonia for ICH patients who used PPIs was 1.61 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.97, p<0.001). The risk of pneumonia was positively associated with the administration of PPIs. We observed a greater risk of pneumonia in patients who used PPIs than in those who did not. Moreover, we observed that the risk of pneumonia in patients who used PPIs was 2.60 and 2.04 (95% CI 2.01 to 3.38, p<0.001; 95% CI 1.34 to 3.10, p<0.001) greater than that in patients who did not use PPIs when the defined daily dose was <30 and 30−60, respectively. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the use of PPIs in patients with non-traumatic ICH is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia, and the severity of this risk depends on the defined daily dose. Physicians should exercise caution when prescribing PPIs for patients with non-traumatic ICH.