Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship of carotid atherosclerosis and neurological outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

Objective:To investigate the relationship of carotid atherosclerosis and the incidence of neurological complication in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods:475 consecutive patients undergoing selective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting was divided into four groups according the results of Carotid ultrasound: no stenosis,mild,moderate and severe stenosis,Analysis the relationship of carotid artery stenosis and neurological outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Results: ① Age,stroke history,diabetes history and neurological outcomes takes statistic difference among four groups(P0.05). ② The incidence of postoperative neurological complications in patients with carotid artery stenosis is higher than patients without carotid artery stenosis(P=0.050). ③ In multivariate analysis,stroke history(OR=1.835,95%CI: 1.023~3.289,P0.05)and carotid artery severe stenosis(OR=2.793,95%CI: 1.296~6.018,P0.05)is related to postoperative neurological complications. (P0.05)Conclusion:Stroke history and carotid artery severe stenosis is the risk factor of neurological complications after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Carotid artery stenosis cause higer incidence of neurological complications no matter the degree of stenosis.Hypoperfusion may be the main reason cause neurological complications after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
HOLISTIC APPROACH TO HEALTH: CURRENT SCENARIO

Holistic health care is perceived to be good, both morally and practically but it is difficult to find either any clear enunciation of what constitutes holistic healthcare, or any clear explanation of its practical utility. The current understanding of illness is, in contrast, linear and reductionist. It assumes that all illness starts with a disorder within the body causing bodily symptoms that lead on to disability and restrictions on social life. The term itself does not signify what those factors are or how they are classified. The word holistic is also used to suggest a morally better and often an alternative non-allopathic treatment approach to illness. Illness is then shown to be a socially determined state whereby the patient may initiate being ill but it requires others, usually healthcare professionals to validate illness before it is fully accepted. This review demonstrates that this model is flawed in several ways: the underlying assumptions are false, it cannot explain functional (socalled non-organic) illnesses which are common, and it does not lead to well-managed healthcare systems. The biopsychosocial approach to illness is then explored,. The model is expanded to recognise four systems centred on the person – organs, the whole person, behaviour, and social role function – and four contextual factors that influence these systems – personal factors, physical environment, social environment, and time. The new model also draws attention to two important components of any holistic model of health, choice (freewill) and quality of life. The implications of the holistic model of health care both for clinical care and for the management of healthcare systems are then discussed, emphasizing the complex nature of healthcare and the social aspects of illness. The important overall
Lectures on Kähler Geometry: Contents

Introduction Part I. Basics on Differential Geometry: 1. Smooth manifolds 2. Tensor fields on smooth manifolds 3. The exterior derivative 4. Principal and vector bundles 5. Connections 6. Riemannian manifolds Part II. Complex and Hermitian Geometry: 7. Complex structures and holomorphic maps 8. Holomorphic forms and vector fields 9. Complex and holomorphic vector bundles 10. Hermitian bundles 11. Hermitian and Kahler metrics 12. The curvature tensor of Kahler manifolds 13. Examples of Kahler metrics 14. Natural operators on Riemannian and Kahler manifolds 15. Hodge and Dolbeault theory Part III. Topics on Compact Kahler Manifolds: 16. Chern classes 17. The Ricci form of Kahler manifolds 18. The Calabi-Yau theorem 19. Kahler-Einstein metrics 20. Weitzenbock techniques 21. The Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula 22. Further vanishing results 23. Ricci-flat Kahler metrics 24. Explicit examples of Calabi-Yau manifolds Bibliography Index.
Management development in Saudi Arabia : preparing for a borderless world

MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA: PREPARING FOR A BORDERLESS WORLD By Mohammed D. Al-Qahtany Globalisation is a popular word in business and industry today. The term relates to viewing the marketplace as existing world-wide, brealdng down trade barriers between nations. Global expansion is necessary to achieve growth and profitability when the domestic market is saturated. This places greater responsibility on management to prepare their organisation and manpower to function in new and different environments. The purpose of this study is to provide management with the tools necessary to be successful in the global marketplace. Although the focus of this study is primarily designed to assist Saudi Arabian management to participate in the global marketplace, this research can benefit management of every organisation contemplating entering the global marketplace. The emphasis of the study is on Human Resource Management (HRM) and Human Resource Development (HRD) in preparation for entrance into the global market. The methodology selected includes both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected from 223 Saudi and non-Saudi general managers or their assistants, currently employed in Saudi Arabia. The instrument selected to collect empirical data was a questionnaire for the purpose of testing eight hypotheses. The data was compared with a study conducted by Barham and Devine in 1991. Secondary data was collected from articles, tests and publications relative to HRM and HRD and the demands of the globalised marketplace. The primary research resulted in support of some of the hypotheses and lack of support in others. An analysis of the data indicates that the differences in support of the hypotheses were based on lack of experience in the global market. The secondary research supported the view that increasing numbers of companies have had to enter the global marketplace for growth and expansion. The research supports the view that for business and industry to grow they must expand into the global marketplace. However, not all managers have the knowledge, sldlls, or experience to guide their organisation into larger markets. The main outcome clearly shows that before Saudi companies can enter the global marketplace they must look at their organisation to determine if their products are suitable and whether or not they have qualified personnel to support the plans for globalisation. In most cases, HRD programmes are required to prepare managers to manage in a foreign environment if they are to be successful in the new venture. A model has been designed to serve as a guideline for managers considering entering the global market. Emphasis has been placed on the need for developing managerial skills of those selected for foreign assignments. The model can assist management to have a better understanding of that which is required if the company is to be effective in a foreign environment.
Toward the Development of a Japanease Nurse-manager's Self Evaluation Index

目的：看護管理者のための実践的指標である「看護管理者のための自己評価指標―日本版看護管理ミニマムデータセット第1版（NMMDS-j ver.1）」を開発し，その信頼性・妥当性を検証することを目的とした．方法：データ収集は2006年7～10月に行い，全国579病院の看護管理者から得られた1762通の回答をもとに分析を行った（有効回答率43. 3%）．6つの大項目に含まれる各7項目について主成分分析を行い，さらに各大項目のα信頼性係数を求めた．妥当性についてはMessickの概念を採用し，内容的側面，構造的側面，外的側面からの証拠を収集した．結果：大項目間の相関係数は0. 39～0. 71であり，各大項目のα信頼性係数は0. 37～0. 82であった．成分負荷量の低い質問項目を削除したところ，α信頼性係数は0. 4～0. 82へ上昇した．妥当性は，上記の3側面から複数の証拠が確保された．結論：本指標を看護管理実践の指標として利用するため，結果をもとにスケールの見直しを行うとともに，今後も継続的にデータを収集して検討を重ね，より精度を高めていく．
Designing a Literature and Medicine Course for the Physician Assistant Studies Curriculum

&NA; According to research results reported in the article titled “A Literature in Medicine Course in Physician Assistant Education,” published in the Winter 2001 issue of Perspective on Physician Assistant Education, 8.3% of physician assistant (PA) programs offer a Literature and Medicine course. This is in sharp contrast to the 91% of American medical schools that offer such a course to their students. In this follow‐up article, the need for the establishment of such a course—using poems, short stories, and novels to teach about issues of medical humanities related to the practice of medicine by the PA—is discussed. In addition, the similarities of the two disciplines, literature and medicine, a review of other similar courses, general and specific objectives, selected readings, and a means to assess the student's progress in such a course are presented.
Time-Varying a and Particle Physics

Recent observations of distant quasars have revived the suggestion that the fine structure constant a varies over cosmological time scales. The observations of [1] suggest a variation of da a 1024 over the time period since emission of the quasar light. Within both the contexts of effective field theory and M theory, it is natural to model the change of the fine structure constant by coupling a dynamical scalar field f to the photon kinetic term in the low energy effective action.
ENDOTHELIAL MICROPARTICLES: COMPLEX STRUCTURES THAT HAVE POTENTIAL TO ATTENUATE OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are complex structures with pleiotropic properties and are emerging as an index of endothelial damage. We demonstrate their levels can be modulated by anti-inflammatory treatment and their existence in the circulation raises the question about their physiological role. Our studies aim to investigate the molecular components of EMPs, and whether EMPs modulate matrix mineralisation. Flow cytometry was used to quantify circulating EMPs (AnnexinV+/CD31+/CD42b−) in lupus patients, pre- and post- anti-inflammatory treatment. EMPs were generated in vitro using TNF-activation of human aortic endothelial cells and used for proteomic analysis and to treat human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC). Alizarin Red staining was used to quantify levels of mineralisation using an in vitro model of calcification. We show that EMP levels are significantly elevated in lupus patients compared to healthy subjects (p<0.05) and are reduced following anti-inflammatory treatment. Among proteins identified within EMPs from a proteomic screen was PTX3, a member of the pentraxin family that has been shown to reflect a cardiovascular protective effect potentially linked with its capacity to control inflammation. Alizarin Red staining demonstrates an attenuation of mineralisation in EMP-treated HVSMCs compared to untreated cells cultured in osteogenic media in vitro (p<0.05). We conclude that EMPs may prevent the reprogramming of SMCs to an osteogenic pathway in vitro, which may be, in part linked with PTX3. Further studies are required to determine how MPs contribute to pathophysiological mechanisms in vivo and whether the circulating property of MPs may represent a new biomarker in vascular calcification.
Ortho-perio relation: A review

Orthodontic treatment aims at providing acceptable functional and aesthetic occlusions using appropriate tooth movements. These movements are specifically related to interactions of the teeth with their supportive periodontal tissues. Periodontic and orthodontic interactions usually deal with the establishment of an appropriate diagnosis and the treatment planning needed to enable coordinated periodontic-orthodontic therapy. A harmonious cooperation of the periodontist and the orthodontist offers great possibilities for the treatment of various orthodontic-periodontal problems. The present discussion focused on the effects of a combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment on the periodontal health and dentofacial aesthetics, and the mode that each field can contribute to optimize treatment of combined orthodontic-periodontal clinical problems.
Attributable Fraction Estimates for Malaria in Pregnant Women in Southwest Nigeria

Attributable Fraction Estimates for Malaria in Pregnant Women in Southwest Nigeria Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem. It is beneficial to characterize the clinical presentation of malaria based on clinical complaints in pregnant women living in endemic areas and estimate the proportion of any sign/symptoms attributable to malaria which is important in the evaluation of the adequacy of case management. Hence, in this study, we characterized the clinical presentation of malaria based on complaints in pregnant women living in endemic areas and estimated the proportion of an episode of any sign/symptoms attributable to malaria (MAF) by modeling the relationship between quantitative P. falciparum parasitemia and clinical illness.
A Leadership Training Model to Enhance Private and Public Service Partnerships for Children With Special Healthcare Needs

Healthcare in this nation and the nature of the workforce are experiencing the most dramatic transformation in history. With healthcare reform, health professionals are increasingly being called upon to be leaders in creating a wide variety of community partnerships to influence and document accessible, high-quality, cost-effective service systems. In particular, community partnerships between private and public sectors of society need to be coordinated to achieve optimal health for children with special healthcare needs, and their families and communities. Healthy People 2010 objectives encourage new partnership development between the private–public sectors of healthcare in collaboration with families and communities. The reformulation of healthcare and the workforce likewise calls for a revision of professional education to produce leaders who have the competency to create and engage in partnerships on behalf of children with special healthcare needs. In this article, a nursing training grant's model of leadership is discussed that encompasses the full spectrum of private-public partnerships using the Maternal Child Healthcare Service Pyramid model, with particular emphasis on the interface among 4 service levels: (1) direct healthcare services, (2) enabling/advocacy services, (3) population-based services, and (4) infrastructure-building services. An additional leadership dimension, cultural competency, is identified as an essential aspect of leaders who engage in partnership building with diverse communities. Finally, the training grant's formative and summative evaluation process is discussed, and illustrated by presenting data that illustrate culturally competent leadership.
Using relational agents to increase engagement in computer-based interventions: preliminary outcomes

Introduction. Multimedia computer-tailored (Expert System; ES) interventions represent a low cost, easily disseminated method of changing behaviors in a general population. Effectiveness has been established. However, these interventions have produced only small effect sizes, partially due to low participant engagement. Relational Agents (RA), computer-based virtual characters who can establish a personal relationship, have the potential to increase engagement. This paper reports the Month 12 outcomes for a RCT involving Relational Agents. Method. The design was 3 groups (Control, ES, RA) by 3 Occasions (Months 0, 12, 24). A representative USA sample (N = 1639) of individuals at risk for both exercise and UV protection was recruited. Results. Month 12 data demonstrated that the RA Intervention increased participant engagement. The average number of sessions viewed/week was 0.048 (ES) compared to 0.142 (RA). The RA also increased satisfaction and was viewed as more helpful. Proportion at criteria for exercise was: Control (13.6%), ES (15.7%) and RA (16.6%). Conclusions. The Relational Agent Intervention has the potential to outperform the previous best practice for computer-based interventions.
The Importance of Multimodality Pelvic Ultrasound Simulation in Teaching of Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents

Objective: The use of transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound is the test of choice in many Obstetrics and Gynecology practices. The objective of our study is to demonstrate how simulated ultrasound teaching could improve residents’ knowledge between PGY1 and PGY2 years in the area of (1) the ability to perform an accurate transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound in a sensitive manner, (2) to identify and describe normal and abnormal female pelvic sonographic findings for interpretation and (3) to demonstrate clinical sonographic correlation of the most common clinical presentations on pelvic ultrasound. Materials and methods: A total of 24 residents participated in this course during their usual scheduled training period from July 2011 to July 2013. Twelve of the 24 residents had previously taken the course 1 year prior and were used to compare changes in their level of understanding of the subject matter. An introductory lecture with a precourse knowledge assessment was initially provided to the residents prior to simulation training. The residents were then randomized into four groups of 2 to 3 residents and provided 45 minutes of training at each simulation station. Results: Overall, the mean score for all three stations was noted to be 81.1 and 88.9%, respectively, between PGY1 and PGY2 residents during the 3 years. Conclusion: The results of both high fidelity and low fidelity simulations have improved when comparing the increase in scores between the PGY1 and the same learners as PGY2s in the following year. We have shown that of the 12 residents who were able to repeat the course during concurrent years, there was an increase in the post evaluation scores each year.
The Role of Private Sector in Customs and Border Management Reform: a comparative study.

THE ROLE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN CUSTOMS AND BORDER MANAGEMENT REFORM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Caroline Schneider (IC), Cristiano Morini (PQ). Abstract This paper aims to gather information on the role played by private sector in partnership with Customs (the government body which control borders and flow of goods). A literature review on Public-Private Partnerships was conducted in order to analyze this different approach in delivering public services and to map the main characteristics of it. Then a comparative study between the border management in Brazil and in the UK was made to find the main differences between them and thus detect the weaknesses of the Brazilian management, since UK is considered as a benchmark in these aspects.
Suicide in Canada

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare Canadian suicide rates with other external causes of death to examine potential poisoning misclassifications as a contributor to suicide underreporting. Method: The study used Statistics Canada mortality data from 2000 to 2011 to calculate sex-and age-specific ratios by external cause of injury codes. Results: The overall Canadian suicide rate, as well as the poisoning suicide rate, declined over the study timeframe by an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 1.0% each year. However, unintentional and undetermined poisonings increased significantly during the timeframe. Unintentional poisoning mortality (primarily narcotics and hallucinogens, including opioids) increased in proportion to suicides for both sexes, although females were consistently higher. The undetermined death to suicide ratio was higher and increasing for females. Poisonings of undetermined intent increased over time to comprise 47% to 80% of the undetermined death category for males and females combined. Conclusions: Canadian poisoning suicide rates declined, in contrast to rising unintentional and undetermined poisoning mortality rates. This trend is similar to that of the United States, supporting the hypothesis that misclassification of poisoning deaths may also be an issue in Canada.
Bipartite graphs and their applications

1. Basic concepts 2. Biparticity 3. Metric properties 4. Connectivity 5. Maximum matchings 6. Expanding properties 7. Subgraphs with restricted degrees 8. Edge colourings 9. Doubly stochastic matrices and bipartite graphs 10. Coverings 11. Some combinatorial applications 12. Bipartite subgraphs of arbitrary graphs.
Complications of myocardial infarction in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

Zawał serca, nawet skutecznie leczony reperfuzyjnie, może się wiązać z występowaniem różnorodnych powikłań prowadzących do pogorszenia stanu pacjenta oraz rokowania długoterminowego. Do najważniejszych powikłań zawału serca należą [1–3]: 1) ostra niewydolność serca, 2) nawrót niedokrwienia lub ponowny zawał, 3) powikłania mechaniczne: a) pęknięcie mięśnia brodawkowatego, b) pękniecie wolnej ściany serca, c) pęknięcie przegrody międzykomorowej, 4) zaburzenia rytmu i przewodzenia, 5) tętniak serca, 6) udar mózgu. Spośród tych powikłań badanie rezonansu magnetycznego serca (ang. cardiac magnetic resonance – CMR) ma znaczenie głównie w przypadku powikłań mechanicznych, tętniaka serca oraz udaru mózgu. Badanie CMR jest ograniczone do pacjentów w stabilnym stanie klinicznym. Nie może być stosowane do potwierdzenia lub wykluczenia ostrych powikłań u chorych w ciężkim stanie. Ma natomiast istotne znaczenie u pacjentów, którzy przeżyli ostrą fazę i u których dotychczasowa diagnostyka nie dostarczyła jednoznacznych informacji lub konieczne są dodatkowe dane przed planowaną interwencją terapeutyczną [4]. Mechaniczne powikłania zawału serca Pęknięcie mięśnia brodawkowatego
The Ultrahazardous Activity of Excluding Family Members in Canada's Immigration System

A family, while waiting to be resettled as refugees, welcomed a new baby and for fear of delaying the processing of their application, they did not disclose of the birth of their child. A woman is afraid to disclose her baby born out of rape due to social stigma and the shame of being unwed. A father is afraid to speak to a local interpreter at a Canadian embassy about the existence of a child born out of an affair. A father believed his son was killed in genocide but after he arrived in Canada, the International Committee of the Red Cross located his son. What do all of these stories have in common? They are tragic stories that start with the non-disclosure and non-examination of a family member in an immigration application and end with permanent family separation.This paper is about Regulation 117(9)(d), a law whose purpose is to prevent immigration based on misrepresentation and fraud, but actually results in the harsh imposition of a lifetime ban from sponsoring bona fide family members. The paper argues that the regulatory regime is prejudicial, a sticky generalization that allows non-discretionary exclusion of persons from Canada. Further, while the government may feel that this regulation makes it easier to determine who is in the family class, it is not merely suboptimal, but inhumane and unconstitutional.The paper first provides an overview of Canada’s family reunification scheme, and how family members are excluded from sponsorship by regulation 117(9)(d). The paper then discusses the real consequences of being caught under the provision, how it addresses a non-existent problem, and finally, how it violates the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.