Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FRICTION STIR WELDED AA 5052-H34 WELDMENTS BY APPLYING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE

Friction stir welding (FSW) process is a promising solid state joining process with the potential to join low melting point materials below re-crystallization temperature. The most attractive reason for this is the avoidance of solidification defects formed during conventional fusion welding processes. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of welding parameters on the tensile properties of 2mm thin sheet 5052-H34 aluminium alloy joints produced by friction stir welding. Taguchi method is a powerful technique for the design of high quality systems. This technique has been widely used in engineering design for its, efficient and systematic statistical approach to optimize design performance, quality and cost over a verity of conditions. The L9 orthogonal array has been used to design the experiments, and the experiments have been conducted in vertical milling machine. The main influencing parameters in FSW are tool rotational speed, traversing speed and pressure applied on the faying surfaces. After welding, the weld strength and percentage elongation have been evaluated using uniaxial tensile test. Based on the experimental data the results are then analyzed by using ANOVA statistical tools. This paper experimentally proves and suggests the optimized process parameter values to attain maximum tensile strength in butt joint configuration.
Wave Field Synthesis with increased aliasing frequency

Wave Field Synthesis (WFS) is a holophonic technique that targets the reproduction of physical properties of sound fields in an extended listening area. WFS typically relies on a finite number of regularly spaced loudspeakers arranged in a linear array. WFS synthesizes target sound fields within a large portion of the horizontal plane up to a corner frequency referred to as ”spatial aliasing frequency”. This corner frequency generally increases with the number of channels for a given loudspeaker geometry. Spatial aliasing is usually regarded as the main limitation of WFS. It creates physical inaccuracies in the synthesized sound field which may lead to perceptual artefacts such as localization bias [1] [2], increase of source width [3], sound coloration for fixed [4] and moving listeners [5]. The audibility of these artefacts mostly depend on the frequency content of the sound material [2] [3] [5]. An aliasing frequency of 1.5 kHz is usually considered sufficient to limit localization errors and coloration artifacts for voice signals[5]. Coloration artefacts may still be perceived for such an aliasing frequency with music signals [4] and localization bias may still exist for off centered sources or listening positions with critical signals (broadband and high pass filtered noise) [2]. Perceptual enhancement techniques have recently been proposed to limit coloration artefacts. They consist in either using strereophonic means at high frequencies [4] or decreasing the correlation of driving signals at high frequencies [6]. They enable to limit coloration artefacts for fixed and moving listeners but at the cost of an increase of source width and possibly introduce localization bias for large listening areas while using strereophonic means. Therefore, high quality sound reproduction using WFS requires an aliasing frequency of at least 1.5 kHz which correspond to a large amount of loudspeakers. The concept of spatial bandwidth reduction was proposed by Start and Verheijen to increase the aliasing frequency with a fixed number of channels. It basically consists in using sources and loudspeakers that have specific directive characteristics. However, nowadays available loudspeakers don’t have the required directivity characteristics and the approach may lead to sound coloration for most source/listener configurations. In this paper, we propose a new approach that enables to increase the aliasing frequency of WFS reproduction within a preferred listening area. Unlike spatial bandwidth reduction, our approach does not put constraint on the directivity of the loudspeakers or the source.
Knowledge and practice of foot care among the patients of diabetic foot: a hospital based cross-sectional study -

Background: Good knowledge and practice regarding diabetic foot care will reduce the risk of diabetic foot complications and that will decrease the chances of amputation of the limb. Methods: Present study was hospital based cross- sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care centre of Ahmedabad city. Total 103 patients of diabetic foot, who had attended out patient department (OPD) of surgery from January 2015 to December 2015, were selected by purposive non probability sampling method. Twenty questions for knowledge of foot care and 14 questions for current foot care practice were included in the questionnaire and each positive answer was assigned one mark. Their knowledge and practice scores were classified as good, satisfactory and poor depending upon the score. For the knowledge and practice, if score was ≥70%, it was regarded as good, 50-69% was regarded as satisfactory and less than 50% score was regarded as poor. Results: Only 24(23%) patients had good knowledge, 51 (50%) patients had satisfactory knowledge and 28(27%) had poor knowledge about diabetic foot care. Majority of the patients, i.e., 53 (51%) had poor practice, 34 (33%) had satisfactory practice and 16 (15%) had good practice. Duration of the diabetes and frequency of diabetic foot had significant statistical association with knowledge and practices of foot care. Conclusions: Average Knowledge and poor practice were observed among the diabetic foot patients who have attended the OPD of surgery. It indicates need of giving proper knowledge to diabetes patients by education.
Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Effect of the Ethanol Leaf Extract of Justicia Insularis in Wistar Rats

Justicia insularis leaves widely used in African traditional medicine for the management of malaria, pains, diabetes, convulsion and bacterial infections was screened for its acute and sub-acute effects in Wistar rats. In acute toxic test, the leaf extract was orally administered to rats up to 5 g/kg in different doses. This was followed by observing the animals for signs of toxicity and mortality for 7 day. In sub-acute toxicity study, the rats were orally treated daily with J. insularis ethanol extract at doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg for 21 days. The rats used for control were given distilled water. All animals were weighed at 7 day intervals all through the study and the haematological, biochemical parameters and vital organs were all determined, at the end of the study. J. insularis ethanol leaf extract was practically non-toxic showing no mortality and visible signs of toxicity on acute exposure. The extract showed significant increase in the body weight of rats given 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg compared to control. The leaf extract showed significant increase in haematological indices, but there was no alteration in biochemical indices, and the vital organs as well. Findings in this study revealed that J. insularis was safe when orally administered, while we suggest further investigation to ascertain its effect on long-term administration.
Virtual Smartphone: High Fidelity Interaction with Proxy Objects in Virtual Reality

This workshop paper presents two proxy objects for high fidelity interaction in virtual reality (VR): a paper map and a smartphone. We showcase how our virtual paper map can increase interactivity and orientation, while our virtual smartphone extends the use of a proxy object, as it allows for actual touch input on a real phone leading to an almost infinite set of possible (inter-)actions (e.g. snapping pictures in the virtual world). Observations showed that participants were very precise in holding and interacting with both the paper map and the smartphone even though they did not see their hands in VR. The interaction in general was very intuitive which was mostly attributed to the realistic size of the virtual objects. Using our findings we discuss the trade off between adaptivity and high fidelity of proxy objects in VR.
TennisCopter Towards Table Tennis with a Quadrotor Autonomous Robot and Onboard Vision

Robot table tennis is a challenging domain in both robotics, artiﬁcial intelligence and machine learning. In terms of robotics, it requires fast and reliable perception and control; in terms of artiﬁcial intelligence, it requires fast decision making to determine the best motion to hit the ball; in terms of machine learning, it requires the ability to accurately estimate where and when the ball will be so that it can be hit. The use of sophisticated perception (relying, for example, in multi-camera vision systems) and state-of-the-art robot manipulators signiﬁcantly alleviates concerns with perception and control, leaving room for the exploration of novel approaches that focus on estimating where, when and how to hit the ball. In this paper, we move away from the hardware setup commonly used in this domain—typically relying on robotic manipulators combined with an array of multiple ﬁxed cameras—and address the problem of robotic table tennis using a quadrotor drone with a light cardboard racket and an onboard camera. We adapt a recently proposed framework for learning complex robot tasks to our setup and show that, in spite of the perceptual and actuation limitations of our system, the overall approach enables the quadrotor system to successfully respond to balls served by a human user.
Mechanized Reasoning about a Capability Machine

Capability machines are promising targets for secure compilers since capabilities can be used to enforce abstractions that are usually expected for high-level languages, such as well-bracketed control-flow (WBCF) and local state encapsulation (LSE). We present the first formalization of a capability machine that supports mechanized reasoning about deep semantic properties, including WBCF and LSE. Our formalization is done in the Coq implementation of Iris, a state-of-the-art concurrent higher-order separation logic, and includes a formalization of the logical relation defined by Skorstensgaard et al. [15], which can used to prove WBCF and LSE.
Process Mapping of Transient Melt Pool Response in Wire Feed E-Beam Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V

Wire feed electron beam additive manufacturing processes are candidates for manufacturing and repair in the aerospace industry. In order to implement feedback or feedforward control approaches, the time needed for a change in process variables to translate into changes in melt pool dimensions is a critical concern. In this research, results from 3D finite element simulations of deposition of Ti-6Al-4V are presented quantifying the transient response of melt pool dimensions to rapid changes in beam power and travel velocity. Results are plotted in beam power vs. beam velocity space, following work by the authors developing P-V Process Maps for steady-state melt pool geometry. Transient responses are determined over a wide range of process variables. Simulation results are compared to initial results from experiments performed at NASA Langley Research Center.
Can Parental Leave Policies Change Leave-Taking Norms? Evidence from Immigrants

When a public policy makes it less costly to take maternity leave, take-up rates are likely to increase as a direct consequence of the lower costs, but if enough people take leave, leave-taking may increase further as norms adjust. Distinguishing between the direct and indirect impacts of policy changes is difficult in general, but because immigrants in the U.S. are not exposed to home country policies but do bring with them the norms and values from their home countries, the impacts of additional weeks of paid leave in home countries on leave-taking behaviors of immigrants can be seen as evidence of a role played by norms. Exploiting variation in the timing of emigration in conjunction with the timing of changes in home country leave policies, we show that even in models controlling for country of origin fixed effects, changes in home country policies yield changes in leave-taking in the United States, a result suggesting that indeed policies can change norms. Interestingly, more recent immigrant arrivers are more affected by current day norms than the norms associated with the policies in place when they migrated, a result potentially explained by the increased role of social media in the transmission of norms. JEL Codes: J13, J15, J18, J22
REVIEW OF ELECTRON BEAM MANIPULATION BY USING CORRUGATED DEVICE FOR LIGHT SOURCES*

In modern high-gain free-electron laser scheme, the longitudinal phase space of the electron beam is very important for efficient lasing. The linear energy chirp and the nonlinear radiofrequency curvature should be corrected before the entrance of the undulator. Corrugated devices are passive wakefield devices for such electron beam manipulations, which are recently proposed and partially demonstrated in experiment. In this paper, a brief review of corrugated device study is presented, including the theories, machine cases and experimental results. INTRODUCTION & THEORIES In modern high-brightness LINAC based free-electron lasers (FELs), undesired time-energy correlation in the beam (i.e., linear energy chirp & nonlinear curvature) is left in the beam because of bunch compression and beam acceleration, which may broaden the FEL bandwidth and decrease the FEL gain. Thus, the residual time-energy correlation should be corrected before entering the FEL undulator. Generally, off-crest acceleration and wakefield in the following LINAC modules are used for the beam energy de-chirper, while the harmonic cavity is used for nonlinear RF curvature compensation. However, such RF related solutions are costly and inefficient in the advanced light sources. Using the strong longitudinal wakefields excited by the electron beam itself in dedicated structures inserted into the LINAC is an alternative RF-free approach to correct the undesired energy correlation. The structures suggested for such purposes include a beam pipe with a thin dielectric layer [1], a resistive pipe of small radius [2] and a metallic beam pipe with periodic corrugations [3]. Among of them, the corrugated metallic structure attracts great interest of light source community, because both the frequency and the amplitude of its wake could be easily adjusted by choosing the corrugated structure parameters. The original design and calculation of the corrugated structure is based on a round pipe [3]. In practical case, a rectangular geometry is preferred, as it provides operation flexibility and is effective for different electron bunch cases. As illustrated in Fig. 1, a pair of corrugated planes wrapped in the vacuum chamber is inserted to specific position of FEL schemes. The chamber support usually includes two separated motors to allow independent transverse positioning for each corrugated jaw, providing remote control of the full transverse separation, as well as the transverse central position. Figure 1: Layout of corrugated structures used in freeelectron laser schemes. The corrugations are characterized by period p, depth δ, gap g and plane separation 2a. For a rectangle geometry, the longitudinal wake function of the fundamental mode is approximately written as, [4-5]
Modelling functionally conceived spatial relations

—We suggest a conceptualization of spatial relations between objects based on the functional relevance they have to an agent. Showing ﬁrst how this view can be used to design practical models for relations, and evaluating their utility in an object search scenario, we then demonstrate how such models can be learned from experience in a series of simulated experiments.
Neural Likelihood

A large body of evidence shows that perceptual decision making in humans and animals accounts for uncertainty in the relevant stimulus variable. This suggests that the decision is based on a distribution over stimuli given the neuronal activity rather than single point estimates. The likelihood over the stimuli captures this uncertainty for a fixed neuronal response. Because the neuronal population response can be high dimensional, estimating a per-trial likelihood can be challenging. Previous work has thus focused on parametric models, which can introduce a bias by ignoring noise correlations. Here, we present a simple yet general method to decode a per-trial likelihood based on neural networks. Our method applies to discrete and continuous, as well as static and time-series data. We demonstrate it on recordings from two experimental visual paradigms in macaque V1 and V2.
Does Laparoscopic Liver Resection Have Greater Incidence of Bile Leak Compared to the Open Approach?

1.1. Background: Biliary leak is the most frequent complication in liver resections. The Second International Consensus Conference mentions a potentially higher incidence of bile leaks in Laparoscopic Liver Resection (LLR) that still needs to be evaluated. The objective of the study is to compare the incidence of bile leaks, using the definition of IGSLL, between open liver resection (OLR) and LLR in a center with the same technique of dividing the parenchyma for both laparoscopic and open surgery.
COUPLED CHEMO-MECHANICS OF INTERGRANULAR CONTACT

Mineral dissolution in the vicinity of a stressed grain contact undergoing irreversible damage strain is studied numerically at three scales: of a grain, grain assembly and continuum. Rigid chemo-plasticity is used to simulate the phenomena in the solid phase at the microscale coupled with the reactive-diffusion transport of the dissolved mineral across the grain. Dilatancy resulting from the material damage generates new free surface around the asperity, in turn enhancing dissolution and material weakening. Extended Johnson approximation of the near-contact field is adopted. Upscaled variables at mesoscale simulate the stiffening of the grain system as a result of the subsequent mineral precipitation. The consequent redistribution of mass within the pore space, affecting soil porosity and stiffness is derived on macroscale from the averaged microscale variables. Partial mass of the same mineral is shown to play a different role at macroscale requiring to link them to different processes (dissolution and precipitation) derivable only at a microscale. The study applies to many processes of fluid-solid interdependence in soil mechanics, such as structuration and aging of natural soils, compaction and pressure solution of oil or gas bearing sediments.
Evaluation of curricular relevance and actual integration of sex/gender and cultural competencies by final year medical students: effects of student diversity subgroups and curriculum

Background: Diversity issues play a key role in medical practice and have recently been more explicitly integrated into undergraduate medical curricula in Europe and worldwide. However, research on students´ perspectives on the relevance and curricular integration of diversity issues, such as sex/gender and culture-sensitive competencies, is still limited. Methods: The Charité Berlin (Germany) ran in parallel a traditional and a competency-based medical program. Diversity perspectives, especially sex and gender aspects, were systematically integrated into the new curriculum. In 2016, an online questionnaire was sent to all medical students in their final clerkship year of both programs. Students provided diversity-related information (sex/gender, age, number of children, migration background or disability) and rated the relevance of sex/gender and culture-sensitive competencies and the integration into their study program. They also rated their preparedness for the final year clerkships and for working as a physician. Results: The included 184 students considered sex/gender and culture-sensitive competencies to be very relevant or relevant (62%; 73%). The ratings of the relevance are independent of the curriculum and significantly higher in female students. Regarding curricular integration, 69% of the students of the traditional curriculum evaluated the degree of implementation as minor, whereas 83% students of the new curriculum rated the degree of implementation as extensive. Degrees of preparedness for the workplace were significantly higher in students from the new curriculum, with no significant effects by sex/gender. Age group, having a child, migration background or a disability had separate effects on the students’ ratings. Conclusions: Medical students in their final clerkship year rated sex/gender and culture-sensitive competencies as relevant; this was independent from their study program. Their ratings provide complementary evidence that our systematic approach to implementation resulted in a successful curricular integration.
The Latent Community Model for Detecting Sybil Attacks in Social Networks

Collaborative and recommendation-based computer systems are plagued by attackers who create fake or malicious identities to gain more inﬂuence in the system—such attacks are often referred to as “Sybil attacks”. We propose a new statistical model and associated learning algorithms for detecting Sybil attacks in a collaborative network, called the latent community (LC) model. The LC model is hierarchical, and groups the nodes in a network into closely linked communities that are linked relatively loosely with the rest of the graph. Since the author of a Sybil attack will typically create many false identities and link them together in an attempt to gain inﬂuence in the network, a Sybil attack will often correspond to a learned community in the LC model. Evaluation of the LC model using real-world networks validates the model and shows that it can be superior to competitive algorithms from network security literature for detecting Sybil attacks.
Abordagem híbrida da doença aneurismática - caso clínico Hybrid approach of aneurysmal disease - case report

The popliteal and femoral aneurysms are the most prevalent peripheral artery aneurysms. The authors present a case report of a 61 years-old male patient, in a context of marked swelling of the right lower limb. A duplex ultrasonography was performed, which diagnosed the presence of a right popliteal phlebothrombosis subsequent to compression caused by a large popliteal aneurysm. Given the lack of adequate venous conduit, it was decided to perform an endovascular procedure to exclude the right popliteal aneurysm with a covered stent-graft. Subsequently classic correction of the left common femoral artery aneurysm was made, by placing an interposition graft. This case demonstrates the different possible approaches (endovascular and classical) to treat the same pathological entity, in different location and circumstances, in the same patient. | R E S U M O | Os aneurismas poplíteos e femorais são os aneurismas periféricos