Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
4H-SiC Surface Structures and Oxidation Mechanism Revealed by Using First-Principles and Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The 4H-SiC(000-1)C and (0001)Si surface reconstructed structures and the oxidation processes of these surfaces are investigated using a first-principles calculation method. The most stable reconstructed 4H-SiC(000-1)C and (0001)Si surfaces have p-bonded chains. In the topmost SiC bilayer, half of Si and C atoms exchange their positions and C-C or Si-Si bonds formed densely below the surfaces. When we place a SiO2 layer on the p-bonded chain (000-1)C surface, C-C bonds are formed more densely below the interface. We simulate a sequence of O2 molecules arrivals at an interface of tridymite-phase-SiO2 and 4H-SiC(000-1)C. Dissociated O atoms at the interface tended to make bonds with Si atoms. The C-C bonds in the SiC substrate break easily and a local C surface occasionally appears. We have examined how the surface structure changes through an O2 molecule exposure by using a classical molecular dynamics simulation program and confirmed the formation of C-C bonds below the surface and the interface.
Effect of Duwet fruit (Syzgium cumini) extract on MDA level and Caspase 3 expression in Rat (Rattus sp) Testes exposed to cigarette smoke

This research evaluates the MDA levels, number and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in Rat provided with duwet fruit extract and exposed to cigarette smoke towards. The study involved 4 experimental animal groups and 6 replications, where K0 was the negative control group, K1 was exposed the cigarette smoke, K2 was given orally duwet fruit, and K3 was given orally duwet fruit after being exposed to cigarette smoke. Therefore, data obtained were analyzed using One way Anova test. The results showed significantly lower number of spermatocytes and MDA levels in the testes in all groups compared to K1 at p <0.05. Spermatogenic cell apoptosis occurred in all groups, and there was also a high tendency for reduction in K2 compared to K1, although not significant at p > 0.05. In addition, apoptosis was expressed by Caspase 3 in the testes. The highest MDA levels found in K1. This phenomenon was assumed to have resulted in lower numbers of spermatocytes. These decreased number of spermatocytes were related with the decline in number of spermatogenic cells prone to apoptosis. In conclusion, duwet fruit had the ability to reduce free radicals with the tendency to inhibit spermatogenesis. This case features an increase in spermatocytes and a potential decline in the incidence of spermatogenic cell apoptosis.
Multi-Direction Networks With Attentional Spectral Prior for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved prominent progress in recent years and demonstrated remarkable properties in spectral–spatial hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, conventional spatial-context-based CNNs commonly adopt the single patchwise scheme to represent the to-be-classified samples, which often fails to completely investigate the wealthy spectral–spatial information in complicated situations. For instance, it has great probability to cause misclassifications on the irregular or inhomogeneous areas, especially for the borders across different classes. To counteract this deficiency, we propose a unified multi-direction network (MDN) for HSI Classification (HSIC), which can exhaustively explore the abundant spectral and detailed spatial-context information through multi-direction samples. Additionally, considering the image-spectrum merged structure of the HSI, 3-D Squeeze-and-Excitation residual (3DSERes) blocks are devised in each stream of the framework to consecutively learn the spectral and spatial from low-level to high-level features. Specifically, 3DSERes can not only facilitate fluent gradient in backpropagation through skip connections, but also emphasize the significant spectral–spatial features and constrain the futile ones. This characteristic is beneficial to enhance the model’s generalization capability even with limited training samples. Furthermore, for properly aggregating the multi-direction deep features, we exploit the simple, yet effective attentional spectral prior (ASP) creatively through leveraging the original spectral correlations. Extensive experimental results on three benchmark data sets indicate that the proposed MDN-ASP can achieve promising classification performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Secure and efficient wireless multicast communication using trust-based key management

Abstract In the present time, wireless correspondence assumes a noteworthy job in a particular correspondence condition. System frameworks are unpreventable in all groups of our general public, from electronic democratic machine to online shopping. These days web is developing with colossal speed where the system dangers and issues are expanding. Data security assumes an indispensable job in giving information classification, accessibility, respectability and security where the sender and recipient need to guarantee secure transmission of information among source and goal hubs utilizing encryption and decoding methods. In this paper, key appropriation RSA technique is utilized in a multi throwing condition, portable specially appointed system (MANET) is a remote correspondence organize, which doesn’t depend on any brought together administration or a prior framework. Different key administration experts dispersed over the system, each with an occasionally refreshed portion of the discharge key, is typically received. Along these lines, numerous endeavors have been made to adjust key administration specialist’s undertakings to the dynamic situations of MANETs and disperse the assignments among MANET hubs. At present different cryptographic methods are being conveyed to meet the regularly evolving needs, which constrains to gadget exceptional security component for MANET, empowering individual and corporate elements to ensure the transmission of information with no interruption by unlawful methods. Cryptographic systems could be both of symmetric key cryptography and asymmetric key cryptography additionally with hash capacities. Symmetric cryptosystem requires the presence of normal shared mystery key between two imparting hubs though deviated cryptosystem keeps up novel key pair between any two conveying hubs (peers). An unbalanced cryptosystem is increasingly effective in a given assignment situated key usage process. In this system, the private key should be stayed quiet with one substance however the realness of the comparing open key for a similar element must be ensured some way or another by a confided in outsider. In this paper, a novel common confirmation and key administration (understanding) convention has been produced for one jump correspondence in versatile specially appointed systems. The convention has a few notable highlights like shared verification, privacy, honesty and key understanding. The convention uses RSA signature age and confirmation.
Cognitive Impairment At 3, 6 and 12 Month After the First-Ever Stroke Among Lebanese Survivors: Incidence and Risk Factors

Cognitive impairment is a prevalent outcome of stroke, affecting the quality of life and increasing the disability. Its risk factors are unknown in Lebanon. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the cognitive impairment incidence among Lebanese stroke survivors at 3, 6 and 12 month post stroke, and to identify the associated factors. A multicenter longitudinal prospective study was conducted in 10 hospitals of Beirut and Mount Lebanon among 150 subjects aged ≥ 18 years old between February 2018 until May 2019. The Mini-Mental State Examination assessed the cognitive function. Univariate and Multivariable analyses were performed to identify the predictors of the post stroke cognitive impairment. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. At 3 month post stroke, 74.8% were cognitively impaired versus 46.7% and 37.6% at 6 and 12 month post stroke respectively. Older age, past smoking, presence of a caregiver, sedentary ≥ 12 hours, aphasia at the time of stroke occurrence, the length of hospital stay, severe stroke, high disability degree, post stroke anxiety and depression, epileptic seizures and physical disorders were the risk factors inducing cognitive decline. Whereas, the high education level, the employment and the history of diabetes mellitus played a protective role for the cognitive function. Findings reveal levels of cognitive impairment post-stroke that are concerning. Thus, primary and secondary prevention is essential to reduce its incidence and to cope with its burden.
Large region inpainting by re-weighted regularized methods

In the development of imaging science and image processing request in our daily life, inpainting large regions always plays an important role. However, the existing local regularized models and some patch manifold based non-local models are often not effective in restoring the features and patterns in the large missing regions. In this paper, we will apply a strategy of inpainting from outside to inside and propose a re-weighted matching algorithm by closest patch (RWCP), contributing to further enhancing the features in the missing large regions. Additionally, we propose another re-weighted matching algorithm by distance-based weighted average (RWWA), leading to a result with higher PSNR value in some cases. Numerical simulations will demonstrate that for large region inpainting, the proposed method is more applicable than most canonical methods. Moreover, combined with image denoising methods, the proposed model is also applicable for noisy image restoration with large missing regions.
‘Get The Patient in a Good Light’: The Role of the Physical Examination in Modern Medical Practice

‘Get The Patient in a Good Light’: The Role of the Physical Examination in Modern Medical Practice Kang JHE1*, Wong JSY2 and Makkuni D3 1Specialist Registrar, James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth NR31 6LA, United Kingdom 2Core Medical Trainee, James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth NR31 6LA, United Kingdom 3Consultant Physician, James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth NR31 6LA, United Kingdom
A DOA estimation algorithm based on greedy recovery under the condition of array element failure

Aiming at the DOA estimation when some elements in the hydrophone array fail, the conventional beamforming algorithm is not effective in estimating the direction of arrival. This paper proposes a beamforming algorithm based on greedy recovery. The ideal conditions and After the estimation effect under the failure condition of the array element, the detection performance of the method is compared and analyzed by simulation. The results show that when the failure ratio of the array element reaches 70% or more, the method always keeps the effective identification of the direction of arrival, and has better detection performance and tolerance than traditional algorithms.
Multitarget Time-Reversal Radar Imaging Method Based on High-Resolution Hyperbolic Radon Transform

Because existing time-reversal (TR) algorithms are mostly suitable for energy focusing of a single target, it is difficult to accurately locate scenes containing multiple targets. In this study, based on the temporal and spatial morphological characteristics of various echo signals in the B-scan of a single-transmission multireceiver antenna system, high-resolution hyperbolic Radon transform (HRT) is applied to integrate different target echo signals to represent them sparsely. The different target signals in the high-resolution Radon domain are separately and independently reconstructed. Using this, a space–time multistatic data matrix (MDM) is constructed for TR imaging, so that the TR imaging method realizes high-precision positioning of multiple targets under a single-transmission multireceiver antenna system. Numerical simulation results and an experiment using real radar data verified the effectiveness of the proposed method in realizing accurate multitarget TR imaging.
Planar Cell Polarity Protein Vangl2 Interacts With Protein Ap2m1 to Regulate Dendritic Branching in Cortical Neurons

Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is a mammalian homolog of Drosophila core planar cell polarity (PCP) protein Vang/Strabismus, which organizes asymmetric cell axes for developmental proliferation, fate determination, and polarized movements in multiple tissues, including neurons. While the PCP pathway has an essential role for dendrite and dendritic spine formation, the molecular mechanism remains to be clarified. To investigate the mechanism of Vangl2-related neuronal development, we screened for proteins that interact with the Vangl2 cytosolic N-terminus from postnatal day 9 mouse brains using a yeast two-hybrid system. From 61 genes, we identified adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit (Ap2m1) as the Vangl2 N-terminal binding protein. Intriguingly, however, the pull-down assay demonstrated that Vangl2 interacted with Ap2m1 not only at its N-terminus but also at the C-terminal Prickle binding domain. Furthermore, we verified that the downregulation of Ap2m1 in the developing cortical neurons reduced the dendritic branching similar to what occurs in a knockdown of Vangl2. From these results, we suggest that the membrane internalization regulated by the PCP pathway is required for the developmental morphological change in neurons.
Gradient-Based Production Optimization in Reservoir Development

One of the core contents of intelligent oilfield is to develop proved oil resources economically and effectively. The way to realize it is to make reservoir development in the optimal state in real time based on the existing production conditions. Water flooding is a commonly used technique after primary oil recovery. However, due to the influence of formation heterogeneity, the injected water breaks through the high permeability layer and traps the crude oil untouched. In order to solve such problems, a new optimal control model is proposed here, which aims to maximize the net present value of reservoir development and production. By solving the mathematical model of development and production, the input and output control parameters of reservoir are optimized in real time to obtain the optimal production scheme. This model is based on the reservoir numerical simulation and optimization theory. By solving the gradient of the control variables, multiple objective strategy schemes (such as the optimal one aiming at oil production, water production and economic benefits) can be optimized according to different needs to assist the oilfield production decision. On the basis of theoretical research, this model is used to optimize the calculation and analysis of reservoir examples, and the results show that the optimal production scheme is in line with the actual oilfield, which provides theoretical and technical support for the intelligent control of oilfield development.
Growth rates in a European eel Anguilla anguilla (L., 1758) population show a complex relationship with temperature over a seven-decade otolith biochronology

Environmental and habitat change can have profound and complex impacts on fish. We examined an unexploited population of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from a West of Ireland catchment. The population is long-lived and slow-growing compared to many other European eel populations. Von Bertalanffy growth curves showed decadal changes, with a trend towards larger K, and t0 values in both males and females and a smaller L∞ in females. A growth biochronology spanning seven decades (1950s–2010s) was constructed using otolith annual increment measurements. We found evidence of high variability in growth over the course of the time series. A decrease in growth occurred after the early 2000s, potentially driven by habitat and climatic changes. Growth was negatively correlated with early spring and winter temperatures, providing strong evidence that the length of the growing season impacts eel growth. Growth was also positively correlated with summer temperatures and the number of days that exceeded 16˚C (GSL16˚C). The response to temperature was age-dependent; at age one the positive relationship with GSL16˚C was most pronounced and the negative relationship with winter temperatures was not evident. This study demonstrates the impact of climate change and highlights the complexities of eel growth strategies in a changing environment.
Depth-dependent influence of biochar application on the abundance and community structure of diazotrophic under sugarcane growth

Despite progress in understanding diazotrophic distribution in surface soils, few studies have investigated the distribution of diazotrophic bacteria in deeper soil layers. Here, we leveraged high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of nifH genes obtained to assess the influence of biochar amended soil (BC) and control (CK), and soil depths (0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm) on diazotrophic abundance and community structures, soil enzyme activities and physio-chemical properties. Multivariate ANOVA analysis revealed that soil depth had profound impact on majority of the soil parameters measured than fertilization. Although soil physio-chemical properties, enzymes activities, diazotrophic genera and enriched operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly influenced across the entire soil profiles, we also observed that BC amended soil significantly increased cane stalk height and weight, nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), organic matter (OM), total carbon (TC) and available potassium (AK), and enhanced diazotrophic genera in soil depth 0–20 cm compared to CK treatment. Soil TC, total nitrogen (TN), OM and NH4+ were the major impact factors shifting diazotrophic community structures in soil depth 0–20 cm. Overall, these results were more pronounced in 0–20 cm soil depth in BC than CK treatment.
Multi-Model Fusion Short-Term Load Forecasting Based on Random Forest Feature Selection and Hybrid Neural Network

In an increasingly open electricity market environment, short-term load forecasting (STLF) can ensure the power grid to operate safely and stably, reduce resource waste, power dispatching, and provide technical support for demand-side response. Recently, with the rapid development of demand side response, accurate load forecasting can better provide demand side incentive for regional load of prosumer groups. Traditional machine learning prediction and time series prediction based on statistics failed to consider the non-linear relationship between various input features, resulting in the inability to accurately predict load changes. Recently, with the rapid development of deep learning, extensive research has been carried out in the field of load forecasting. On this basis, a feature selection algorithm based on random forest is first used in this paper to provide a basis for the selection of the input features of the load forecasting model. After the input features are selected, a hybrid neural network STLF algorithm based on multi-model fusion is proposed, of which the main structure of the hybrid neural network is composed of convolutional neural network and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (CNN-BiGRU). The input data is obtained by using long sliding time windows of different steps, then multiple CNN-BiGRU models are trained respectively. The forecasting results of multiple models are averaged to get the final forecasting load value. The load datasets come from a region in New Zealand and a region in Zhejiang, China, are used as load forecast examples. Finally, a variety of load forecasting algorithms are introduced for comparison. The experimental results show that our method has a higher accuracy than comparison models.
Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Clinical Investigation

Assessment of pulmonary hypertension (PAH) frequency and its association with interstitial lung disease (ILD), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), and valvular heart diseases (VHD) in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cross-sectional study. Cardiology and Rheumatology Departments, Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. A total of 40 patients with RA without history or clinical features of cardiac diseases underwent cardiopulmonary and rheumatological assessment, including history taking, physical examination, chest X-ray, chest High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT), and echocardiography. Echocardiographic variables of patients with RA were measured and analyzed. The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and pulmonary hypertension. The prevalence of PAH was 60% in RA. The tests showed no significant differences in PAH between age and gender groups. The most common valve involvement among patients was tricuspid insufficiency, followed by mitral insufficiency. Grades I and II LVDD were present in 27.5% and 2.5% of patients, respectively. There were significant correlations between systolic velocity (Sm) and ejection fraction, early diastolic velocity and diastolic velocity, as well as Sm and systolic wave velocity. This study revealed a high prevalence of severe LVDD in RA patients with PAH. Early diagnosis and management of cardiovascular risk factors may prevent the development and progression of PAH in RA patients.
Diversity and Origin of the Central Mexican Alpine Flora

Alpine vegetation is scarce in central Mexico (≈150 km2) and occurs on the 11 highest peaks of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). Timberline occurs at (3700) 3900 m, and at 4750 m vascular plants cease to exist. The alpine vascular flora comprises 237 species from 46 families and 130 genera. Asteraceae (44), Poaceae (42), and Caryophyllaceae (21) possess 45% of the species; none of the remaining families have more than 10 species. Four species are strict endemics, and eight others are near endemics. Thirteen species are restricted to alpine vegetation but also occur outside the study area. Seventy-seven species are endemic to Mexico, 35 of which are endemic to the TMVB. In terms of biogeography, the strongest affinities are with Central or South America. Fifteen species are also native to the Old World. Size of the alpine area seems to not be the determining factor for its floristic diversity. Instead, the time since and extent of the last volcanic activity, in addition to the distance from other alpine islands, appear to be important factors affecting diversity. There is evidence for upward vegetational shifts having occurred during the last century.
Research on the Judicial Application of Copyright in Blockchain Electronic Deposit

Blockchain technology, with its decentralized and hard-to-tamper characteristics, can ensure the authenticity and reliability of digital copyright electronic data in the generation, storage, transmission, authentication and verification stages. Both my country’s Internet courts and third-party platforms have initiated active exploration of blockchain electronic data deposits.In practice, digital copyright blockchain electronic data deposits still have difficulties such as lagging legal adjustment mechanisms, insufficient business scenarios, and doubts about platform qualifications and proving power. It is necessary to intensify the legal adjustment of blockchain electronic deposits, refine the practice scenarios of blockchain electronic data deposits, pay attention to reviewing platform qualifications and ensure the reliability of evidence collection methods.