Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identificación de las causas de desecho en cinco establos lecheros de Aguascalientes, México

The aim of the study was to identify the main culling reasons, which were classified in nine organic systems or by disease or injury, for these purpose records from 1858 dairy cows culled between January 1994 to December 1996 were analyzed. Total culling in the study period was 22.2 %, ranged from 36.4 to 14.5 % between dairies. The main culling reasons by organic system affected were: urogenital (34.0 %), whole organ (28.9 %), digestive (13.1 %) and endocrine (12.8 %), while by disease or injury founded low milk production (18.4 %), infertility (14 %) and mastitis (12.8 %). The higher culling were identify in the second lactation (25.2 %), however, culling were also high in the first (19.5 %) and third lactation (21.2 %), the cows useful life were 3.16 lactations. The main culling reason in the first lactation were the low production (32.1 %), infertility in the second (21.5 %) and low production in the third (28.6 %), however, from 2nd to 9th lactation the infertility ranged from 11.9 to 21.5 % as reason culling, and in addition with abort, summed 25 % of the total culling. The main culling reasons observed in the study were related with the urogenital and whole organ systems, in special by low production and infertility, which represented 63 % of culling.
Studies of factors influencing drug efflux rates from liposomes and their impact on antitumor efficacy

The anti-tumor efficacy of liposomal formulations of cell cycle dependent anticancer drugs is dependent on the rates at which the drugs are released from the liposomes. Previous work on liposomal formulations of vincristine has shown increasing efficacy for formulations with progressively slower release rates. This thesis examined methods for increasing drug retention in vitro and in vivo for various antineoplastic agents as well as enhancing the circulation lifetime of the drug delivery system. In Chapter 2 the effects of very high drug-to-lipid (D/L) ratios on vincristine release rates were investigated, and the antitumor efficacy of these formulations characterized in human xenograft tumor models. It is shown that the half-times (T-1/2) for vincristine release from egg sphingomyelin/cholesterol liposomes in vivo can be adjusted from T-1/2 = 6.1 h for a formulation with a D/L of 0.025 (wt/wt) to T1/2 = 117 h (extrapolated) for a formulation with a D/L ratio of 0.6 (wt/wt). The increase in drug retention as the D/L ratio is increased is attributed to the presence of drug precipitates in the liposomes. Variations in the D/L ratio did not affect the circulation lifetimes of the liposomal vincristine formulations. The relationship between drug release rates and antitumor efficacy was evaluated using a MX-1 human mammary tumor model. It was found that the antitumor activity of the liposomal vincristine formulations increased (tumor growth delay 21 d to greater than 60 d respectively) as the D/L ratio was increased from 0.025 to 0.1 (wt/wt) (T-i/2= 6.1 15.6 h respectively) but decreased (tumor growth delay 29 d) at higher D/L ratios (D/L=0.6, wt/wt, Ti/2=117 h). Free vincristine exhibited the lowest activity of all formulations examined. These results demonstrate that varying the D/L ratio provides a powerful method for regulating drug release and allows the
Bio-array image processing and genetic networks modelling

The new tools available for gene expression studies are essentially the bio-array methods using a large variety of physical detectors (isotopes, fluorescent markers, ultrasounds). Here we present an image processing method independent of the detector type, dealing with the noise and with the peaks overlapping, the peaks revealing the detector activity (isotopic in the presented example), correlated with the gene expression. After this first step of image processing, we can extract information about causal influence (activation or inhibition) a gene can exert on other genes, leading to clusters of co-expression in which we extract an interaction matrix explaining the dynamics of co-expression correlated to the studied tissue function.
FINDING THE ENDORSEMENT MEASUREMENT FOR SELECTING THE TWEET IN TWITTER TRENDING TOPIC

-In the last few year many people wants to create your own network in social site because the social media is very fast growing filed in recent year and every people want to connect to their friends and family with each and every time. So the each user can aware of the rules and regulation of the social media. The topic evolution is created using the time line by summarizing tweet in tweet stream and the sub topic is presented by the chronological way. There are different way to select the sub topic one of them is to select the salient tweet to generate the ranking record based on the salience. Tweet is suffering because the writing style and information is loss so it is differentiate from the traditional document.so in this research work we manly focus on performance using the text based sequential summarization and network based sequential summarization for sub topic detection and we also improve the quality of the tweet is also increases. Also get accurate tweet difference in different field like coffee, gold, silver, cocco and many more so using this proposed flow we can reduce time and don’t get manipulate. We can get the batter improvement if the quality of the tweet content is good, if the quality of the content is batter then we can give the proper relationship to each tweet.
Effect of probiotics on digestive enzyme activities and growth of cichlids, Etroplus suratensis (Pearl spot) and Oreochromis mossambicus (Tilapia)

In aquaculture, exposure to stressful conditions and problems related to diseases often occur resulting in serious economic loss. The use of probiotics that control pathogens through different mechanisms, aiding digestion by exoenzyme supply and establishment of beneficial microflora in the digestive tract has got increased attention recently. Two different bacterial species Micrococcus MCCB 104 and Bacillus MCCB 101 were tested as probiotics for two cichlid species Etroplus suratensis and Oreochromis mossambicus. The strains were administered separately and together, at a rate of 103 CFU animal−1 day−1 for 28 days. The effects on digestive enzyme activity and growth were compared with those fed on control diet. FCR of E. suratensis was high in case of Bacillus alone as well as the mixed culture (Micrococcus and Bacillus together) than that of control. However, the SGR of E. suratensis was slightly lower than that of control during 14 days trial. SGR of both the treatments (Bacillus alone and mixed culture) was higher than that of the control on 28th day, and this might be due to the reason that specific duration is needed for the assimilation and conversion of nutrients into proteins. The intestinal digestive hydrolases of E. suratensis were profoundly enhanced mainly by Bacillus and mixed cultures. The hepatopancreatic versions of major digestive enzymes in E. suratensis were influenced variously by different probiotic treatments. The alpha-amylase activity of hepatopancreas has been elevated significantly by mixed culture during 14 days experiments while on 28 days trials both Bacillus and mixed culture showed an enhancing effect. During 14 days feeding trials, the intestinal lipase activity has been prominently enhanced by all probiotic treatments. It is found that, in O. mossambicus, both 14 days and 28 days feeding experiments, the pepsin as well as intestinal digestive enzymes such as amylase, total alkaline protease, lipase and their hepatopancreatic counter parts showed a significant elevation in their specific activity. Intestinal alpha-amylase and total alkaline proteases of O. mossambicus showed an increase in specific activities on both 14 days and 28 days feeding experiments with the Bacillus and Micrococcus combination. The hepatopancreatic enzymes were highly influenced by the Bacillus species in O. mossambicus. The results of this study suggest that live probiotic microorganisms such as Micrococcus MCCB 104 and Bacillus MCCB 101 may be incorporated while formulating the cost-effective, nutritionally balanced diet of E. suratensis and O. mossambicus for better growth performance and nutrient utilization.
Variations in diets of nesting common ravens

-We investigated variation in the diets of Common Ravens (Corvus corax) nesting near Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in southeastern Oregon in the spring and summer of 1976 and 1977. We made microscopiq examinations of 1413 regurgitated pellets and other nondigested remains collected near the nests. Mammals, primarily rodents and lagomorphs, made up 39.2% of the sample. Birds (including eggs) comprised 37.8% of the diet. Management of Common Ravens as potential nest plunderers requires a detailed analysis of diets, but the low mean numbers of egg remains (1.33 ? 1.5) found at nests within sagebrush suggests that ravens selecting this type of nesting habitat are probably not nest plunderers. The wide variability in the frequency of eggs in the diets of ravens nesting in wetland habitats suggests that no general assumptions may be made concerning their roles as predators on waterfowl eggs. Received 7 June 1988, accepted I Oct. 1990. Studies of the food habits of the Common Raven (Corvus corax) have come largely from Europe (Feilden 1909a, b; Lockie 1955; Mylne 1961; Ratcliffe 1962; Holyoak 1968). However, raven diets have been documented in Virginia (Harlow et al. 1975), Wyoming (Dorn 1972), and the Arctic slope of Alaska (Temple 1974). Conner et al. (1975) and Conner and Adkisson (1976) noted that some ravens relied on carrion from road kills and garbage dumps for food. Nelson (1934) investigated the food preferences of ravens in southeastern Oregon, and Maser (1975) noted predation by ravens on Rock Doves (Columba livia) in the same general area. These studies indicate that Common Ravens are omnivorous and opportunistic feeders. Ravens also are active predators (Temple 1974), scavengers (Feilden 1909b, Dorn 1972, Conner and Adkisson 1976), and nest plunderers (Nelson 1934). Reports by Dorn (1972), Harlow et al. (1975) and Ratcliffe (1962) suggest that ravens consume at least some vegetable material and Ross (1925) reports the influence of domestic livestock production on the diet of Common Ravens. Predation of ravens on eggs has been classified as a persistent and sometimes serious problem for waterfowl management (Braun et al. 1978). Between 1969-1977, studies at Malheur National Wildlife Refuge indicated that avian predators destroyed approximately 20% (range 8% to 41%) of waterfowl and Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) nests (Littlefield 1975). Although potential avian predators of eggs in the area include Common Ravens, California and Ring-billed gulls (Larus californicus and L. delawarensis), Common Crows (C. brachyrhynchos), and Black-billed Magpies (Pica pica), Braun et al. Dept. of Biology, Southeast Missouri State Univ., Cape Girardeau, Missouri 63701.
Population size assessment of the Endangered red-billed curassow Crax blumenbachii: accounting for variation in detectability and sex-biased estimates

Abstract The Endangered red-billed curassow Crax blumenbachii is endemic to the lowland Atlantic Forest of Brazil and is extinct across most of its range as a result of habitat loss and hunting pressure. Global population estimates are unreliable as the species has never been surveyed systematically. During March 2012–February 2013 we used line transects to estimate the density and size of one of the most important populations, in the Vale Nature Reserve. Using Distance we estimated a density of 1.3 individuals per km2; results stratified by sex indicated a male-skewed sex ratio. Data collected from motion-activated cameras confirmed that the population was male skewed but to a lesser degree than suggested by transect data. Sex-specific behavioural responses to the presence of an observer probably contributed to the difference between camera and transect data. Using the camera-derived sex ratios we corrected transect estimates to 1.6 individuals per km2 and a population of 325 individuals. Our systematic survey approach has revealed that Vale Nature Reserve has a larger population than previous estimates of the global population. We show that behavioural differences between the sexes in cryptic species can mislead population estimates, and we highlight the importance of motion-activated cameras as a tool for studying cryptic forest species.
Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of integrated and conventionally grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

Pesakovic M. , Milenkovic S. , Đukic D. , Mandic L. , Karaklajic-Stajic Ž. , Tomic J., Miletic N. (2016): Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of integrated and conventionally grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Hort. Sci. (Prague), 43: 17–24. Evaluation was performed of the effect made by integrated and conventional production systems on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cv. Senga Sengana strawberry grown under greenhouse conditions over two consecutive years. The experiment also involved three different types of fertilizer. The integrated production system provides significantly larger quantities of polyphenols as well as a higher antioxidant capacity, compared to values obtained using the conventional system. The investigation into total phenolics content and total antioxidant capacity, as well as individual flavonols and phenolic acids (except gallic acid) content reveals a pronounced effect of the applied biofertilizers (PGPR 1 and PGPR 2). On the other hand, applied chemical fertilizer (Multi KMg) gives the best results in terms of anthocyanins content. These results indicate that there were significant differences in phenols content among integrated and conventional production systems, as well as between biofertilizers and a chemical fertilizer.
The Study Of Bacterial Contamination Of Drinking Water Sources: A Case Study Of Mpraeso, Ghana

The study aimed at determining the presence, type, count and causes of bacterial contamination of water used for drinking and other domestic purposes in Mpraeso. Fifty-four (54) water samples (48 from 8 groundwater wells and 6 from a stream) were collected and analyzed for six months (both during the dry and raining seasons). The results showed that groundwater sources were as polluted as surface water. The detection of bacterial cells in the water sources means that some forms of treatment needed to be done before consumption. The mean count of total coliform and faecal coliform ranged from 299 2267 MPN colonies/100 ml water sample and 111 – 1235 MPN colonies/100 ml water sample, respectively. For the groundwater sources, the enterobacteriaceae species detected were Escherichia coli (8 wells), Enterococcus faecalis (8 wells), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6 wells), Enterobacter cloacae (5), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3), and Proteus mirabilis (3). All these bacterial species were detected in the surface water samples.
Behavioral plasticity in polyethism of Monomorium spp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

A laboratory study was conducted to determine the influence of colony size, caste composition and foraging area on the behavioral plasticity of polyethism in monomorphic workers of the Pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus) and Monomorium floricola (Jerdon). Results indicated that larger absolute worker number (> 2.39 individual cm 2 ) and foraging area did not affect the percentage of foragers in both Monomorium spp colonies; however, the influence of these two factors was significant at a smaller absolute worker number (∼0.60 individual cm - 2 ). Under caste ratio of 1 queen: 0.02 g brood: 100 workers, the percentage of foragers ranged from 18 - 30% and 34 - 47% for M. flodcola and M. pharaonis colonies, respectively. When caste composition changed, particularly with an increase in brood numbers, more M. floricola workers were retained in the nest to compensate the increase load of brood-care, but this observation was not recorded in the case of M. pharaonis. Under abnormal colony repertoires (absence of either foragers, or nurses), both ant species showed behavioral plasticity in task switching within the colony. The implications of these findings on regulation of task allocation were discussed.
Developmental Rates of Wild Oats (Avena fatua) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Prediction of the developmental stages of wheat and wild oats would be useful in order to: 1) correctly time the application of herbicides, and 2) accurately schedule research and cultural operations. The Haun developmental scale which numbers leaf development and describes floral development on the main stem of grasses was found to be suitable for describing the development of semidwarf wheat and wild oats in California. Haun developmental rates of wheat and wild oats were similar. Interference by wheat or wild oats in mixed cultures did not change the developmental rate of either species when grown with added nutrients and water. Degree days gave better correlations with development than calendar days when different planting dates, years, and locations were compared. A degree day model with a 5 C base temperature and a second-order polynomial expression gave accurate predictions of developmental stage, which correlated well with field data.
Sistema de Administración de Datos Climáticos

In this paper, the Cuban Climate Data Management System is described. It was created from the institutional needs to manage a modern tool for reception, processing, conservation and consults of climatic data. The system followed the orientations and regulations enunciated by the WMO and the Cuban Meteorological Service. It runs under SQL-Server 7 Service Pack 4 and operating system WINDOWS 2003 Server. The Data Base stores both the climatic information and operative type information (real time). The climatic information consists of three operational levels: Station level, Provincial Meteorological Centre level and National level
FGFR2 alternative splicing

European Bioinformatics Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Oregon Health and Science University. The contents of this document may be freely copied and distributed in any media, provided the authors, plus the institutions, are credited, as stated under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. For more information see our license. This is just an excerpt of a full-length report for this pathway. To access the complete report, please download it at the Reactome Textbook. 31/10/2022
A high resolution 13C-NMR study of vegetable margarines

High resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of edible margarine triglycerides were recorded at at a 13 C frequency of 100.64 MHz and high resolution conditions were set up for quantitative composition analysis. The 13 C-NMR carbonyl resonances provide useful information on fatty acid composition and on the distribution of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the α- and β-acyl position of triaglycerols. Olefinic carbon resonances, as well as methylene signals, allow the total level of trans-fatty acids and individual isomer composition to be assessed. The β-acyl distribution of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids and the trans-fatty acid content of margarines can be simultaneously determined so that hydrogenated margarines can be distinguished from those produced using interestification or cooling fractionation processes. The reliability of high resolution 13 C-NMR in monitoring the manufacturing process of margarine and its quality control are discussed
Nuclear targeting of the cauliflower mosaic virus

The delivery of the double-stranded DNA viral genome into the nucleus is a critical step for the type member of Caulimoviridae, cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV). The nucleocapsid (NC) of CaMV is directly involved in this process. A nuclear localization signal located at the N-terminus of the NC was shown to be exposed at the surface of the virion. This nuclear localization signal appears to be important to direct the virus to the nuclear pore complex. The nuclear target- ing of the NC needs to be tightly regulated because the process of virus assembly, which also involves the viral NC, oc- curs in the cytosol. It is now accepted that the N- and C-terminal extensions of the viral NC precursor are efficient regulatory sequences that determine the localization of the viral NC in infected leaves. Proteolytic maturation and phos- phorylation of the N- and C- terminal extensions are also important in the regulation of this process. Despite these recent discoveries, the transport of CaMV toward and into the nucleus during early events in the infection cycle remains unclear. In this review, we summarize recent advances that explain the mechanisms of targeting of the CaMV genome to the nu- cleus and extract from other related animal and plant viruses mechanisms that could hint at the possible strategies used by CaMV to enter the nucleus.
Regulation of human T cell receptor β gene expression of Ets-1

Expression of the human TcRβ gene is controlled by an enhancer located 6kb 3' to the Cβ2 gene segment. The activity of this enhancer has been shown to be inducible with phorbol esters. Within the enhancer the βE2 element is responsible for the major part of the inducibility, multimerised βE2 alone is also highly phorbol ester inducible. The βE2 element contains a consensus ets-binding site as well as a core motif, and we have shown that the βE2 ets site binds both Ets-1 and Ets-2 in vitro and that purified core binding factor (CBF) can bind the core site present in βE2
Fish population changes in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

Large-fish population changes in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba between 1960 and 1975 are evaluated and discussed. The early lake population following closure of the dam wall in 1958 was similar to the pre-impoundment riverine population with Labeo spp. , Distichodus spp. , Clarias gariepinus and two characid species dominating gill-net catches. Exceptions were mormyrids, scarce in the new lake although abundant in the river, and Oreochromis mortimeri, scarce in the river but expanding rapidly in the lake. Productivity in the new lake in terms of ichthyomass relative to later years was high. In later years following closure several of the early abundant mostly potamodromous species declined rapidly (C. gariepinus, Labeo spp., Distichodus spp.,) and by 1975 they were unimportant. Mormyrids, cichlids and two silurid species increased significantly in catches as did the characin, Hydrocynus vittatus; the latter as a result of the expansion of the freshwater sardine population, from 1970. While early populati.
Phospho-regulation of the spindle assembly checkpoint

II List of Figures . IV List of Tables . VII Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 The cell division cycle . 1 1.2 Mitosis . 2 1.3 Anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) . 5 1.4 The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC): overview . 7 1.4. 1 Spindle assembly checkpoint activation at kinetochores . 8 1.4. 2 Assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) . 10 1.4. 3 Is the SAC response dependent on kinetochores? 11 1.5 Mechanisms underlying APC/C inhibition by the SAC . 13 1.5. 1 Inhibition of APC/CCdc20 through MCC . 13 1.5. 2 Inhibition of APC/C through Cdc20 turnover . 15 1.5. 3 Regulation of APC/C activity through phosphorylation . 16 1.6 Roles of Bub1 kinase in mitosis . 19 1.6. 1 Roles of Bub1 that do not require its kinase activity . 19 1.6. 2 Roles of Bub1 that require its kinase activity . 20 1.6. 2.1 Bub1 kinase activity for chromosome bi-orientation . 20 1.6. 2.2 Bub1 kinase activity for a robust SAC response . 21 1.6. 2.2.1 Bub1 kinase activity in budding yeast SAC . 21 1.6. 2.2.2 Bub1 kinase activity in fission yeast SAC . 22 1.6. 2.2. 3 Bub1 kinase activity in Xenopus SAC . 23 Table of