Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Efficiency 293 GHz Radiating Source in 65 nm CMOS

This letter presents a J-band radiating source (284-301 GHz) based on a differential Colpitts oscillator with an on-chip antenna in 65 nm CMOS. The source radiates the third harmonic of the oscillation frequency, which is also generated in the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) itself due to its large voltage signal. An integrated loop antenna serves also as the load inductance at the drains of the VCO transistors, acting as a choke at the fundamental and matched antenna at the third harmonic. The antenna has a directivity above +9 dBi across the tuning range. This frequency source has a DC-to-RF radiated power efficiency of 2.8%, a radiated power of -2.7 dBm and an EIRP of +6.4 dBm, taking a silicon area of only 0.26 mm2.
Intermediary Independence: Auditors, Financial Analysts and Rating Agencies

Auditors, financial analysts and rating agencies are the most important specialized information intermediaries in capital markets. Information intermediation serves to increase the credibility of issuer disclosure and overcome investor uncertainty. A certain minimum level of independence is the basic prerequisite for information intermediation to be operative. All intermediaries face similar problems in regard to impairments of their independence. Legal standards on independence should be based on a consistent theory. Common principles carved out under contract law serve as an inventory for developing a market-based model of independence. This paper argues that independence should be understood as a correlative to market access. Independence as a correlative to market access should guide the assessment of convergence and remaining divergence in the independence standards applicable to auditors, financial analysts and rating agencies.
Studying Organizational Change and Development: Challenges for Future Research

This article presents several studies that examine organizational change. The authors note that certain issues should be addressed when examining the studies including an examination of the multiple contexts and levels of analysis in studying organizational change, the inclusion of time, history, process and action, the link between change processes and organizational performance, the investigation of international and cross-cultural comparisons, the study of receptivity, customization, sequencing, pace and episodic versus continuous change and the partnership between scholars and practitioners in studying change. The authors discuss how these issues are related to the concepts in the studies and note their research has not addressed these issues at this point in time.
The Impact of Call Center Employees' Customer Orientation Behaviors on Service Quality

The authors identify specific customer orientation behaviors (COBs) of call center employees and show that these behaviors relate to customer evaluations of service quality. Using qualitative, inductive analyses of 166 telephone service interactions in a retail bank call center, they identify five types of COBs associated with helping customers. The COBs are (a) anticipating customer requests, (b) offering explanations/justifications, (c) educating customers, (d) providing emotional support, and (e) offering personalized information. Using deductive analyses, the authors show that customers rate the quality of service interactions higher when service providers employ COBs. The qualitative findings contribute to the understanding of the specific employee behaviors associated with service quality, and the quantitative findings validate the importance of these behaviors.
Immunomodulation and lymphoma in humans

Abstract Observational and clinical studies have associated increased cancer risks with primary or acquired immunodeficiencies, autoimmunity, and use of immunotherapies to treat chronic inflammation (e.g. autoimmunity) or support organ engraftment. Understanding of the relationship between immune status and cancer risk is generally grounded in two juxtaposing paradigms: that the immune system protects the host via surveillance of tumors and oncogenic viruses (e.g. immunosurveillance model) and that chronic inflammation can augment tumor growth and metastasis (inflammation model). Whereas these models support a role of immune status in many cancers, they are insufficient to explain the disproportionate increase in B-cell lymphoma risk observed across patient populations with either chronic immunosuppression or inflammation. Evaluation for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in lymphomas obtained from various populations demonstrates a variable role for the virus in lymphomagenesis across patient populations. An evaluation of the DNA alterations found in lymphomas and an understanding of B-cell ontogeny help to provide insight into the unique susceptibility of lymphocytes, primarily B-cells, to oncogenic transformation. EBV-independent B-cell oncogenic transformation is driven by chronic antigenic stimulation due to either inflammation (as seen in patients with autoimmune disease or a tissue allograft) or to unresolved infection (as seen in immunosuppressed patients), and the transformation arises as a result of DNA damage from genomic recombination and mutation during class switching and somatic hypermutation. This model explains the increased background rate of lymphoma in some patients with autoimmunity, and highlights the challenge of resolving the confounding that occurs between disease severity and use of targeted immunotherapies to treat chronic inflammation. The ability to distinguish between disease- and treatment-related risk of lymphoma and an appreciation of the etiology of B-cell transformation is central to an improved risk assessment by scientists, clinicians and regulators, including the approval, labeling, and chronic use of immunotherapies.
Enhanced Current Pulsation Smoothing Parallel Active Filter for single stage grid-connected AC-PV modules

On single stage PV converters the output power has a large amount of power pulsation at twice line frequency, causing PV module voltage and current fluctuation. However, a PV module should operate at a sufficiently small area around the maximum power point, in order to maximize PV generation. To overcome this defect a buffering storage unit between the PV module and the inverter, which performs the well known power decoupling, is inevitable. This paper presents an enhanced configuration of a current pulsation smoothing parallel active filter (CPS-PAF) which permits the elimination of the low frequency PV current ripple with significant smaller capacitor comparatively to the classical configuration. The enhanced CPS-PAF conception, control and effectiveness are validated by PSpice simulation results as well as by experimental results accomplished on a laboratory prototype.
Evolving concepts of developmental auditory processing disorder (APD): A British Society of Audiology APD Special Interest Group ‘white paper’

Abstract Children with listening difficulties, but normal audiometry, may be diagnosed with APD. The diagnosis is typically based on poor performance on tests of perception of both non-speech and speech stimuli. However, non-speech test results correlate only weakly with evaluations of speech-in-noise processing, cognitive skills, and caregiver evaluations of listening ability. The interpretation of speech test results is confounded by the involvement of language processing mechanisms. Overall, listening ability is associated more with higher-level, cognitive and analytic processing than with lower-level sensory processing. Current diagnosis of a child with APD, rather than another problem (e.g. language impairment, LI), is determined more by the referral route than by the symptoms. Co-occurrence with other learning problems suggests that APD may be a symptom of a more varied neurodevelopmental disorder. Alternately, APD has been proposed as a cause of language-based disorders, but there is no one-to-one mapping between listening and language among individuals. Screening for APD may be most appropriately based on a well-validated, caregiver questionnaire that captures the fundamental problem of listening difficulties and identifies areas for further assessment and management. This approach has proved successful for LI, and may in future serve as a metric to help assess other, objective testing methods. Foreword Auditory processing disorder (APD) has a long (> 30 years) and controversial history. The controversies concern absolutely fundamental issues: the definition of APD, its neural basis, test validity and standardization, differentiation from other disorders, and even whether it exists as an independent disorder (19). To evaluate and interpret the scientific evidence on APD, and to advise the audiology profession, the British Society of Audiology (BSA) established a Special Interest Group (BSA SIG) on APD in 2003. That group has recently published two key documents, a ‘Position Statement’ and a ‘Management Overview’ (45. See www.thebsa.org.uk ‘Procedures and Publications’). In formulating the new position statement, it became clear to the group that several significant differences were developing between their interpretation of the evidence concerning APD and that of the 1, as stated in their recently published ‘Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and management of children and adults with central auditory processing disorder’ (1). To address these differences, and borrowing from British Parliamentary procedure, the BSA SIG decided to develop a ‘white paper’, a discussion document that could then receive an international set of commentaries from other research groups working on APD. An approach was made to the editor of the International Journal of Audiology who agreed to this suggestion. This paper, and the associated commentaries that follow, are the result.
Hypothalamic neurodegeneration and adult-onset obesity in mice lacking the Ubb polyubiquitin gene

Nearly all neurodegenerative diseases are associated with abnormal accumulation of ubiquitin (Ub) conjugates within neuronal inclusion bodies. To directly test the hypothesis that depletion of cellular Ub is sufficient to cause neurodegeneration, we have disrupted Ubb, one of four genes that supply Ub in the mouse. Here, we report that loss of Ubb led to a progressive degenerative disorder affecting neurons within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. This neurodegenerative cytopathology was accompanied by impaired hypothalamic control of energy balance and adult-onset obesity. Ubb was highly expressed in vulnerable hypothalamic neurons and total Ub levels were selectively reduced in the hypothalamus of Ubb-null mice. These findings demonstrate that maintenance of adequate supplies of cellular Ub is essential for neuronal survival and establish that decreased Ub availability is sufficient to cause neuronal dysfunction and death.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in a tertiary care hospital in Madrid: epidemiology, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

Introduction Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria have been increasingly reported as causal agents of nosocomial infection worldwide. Resistance patterns vary internationally, and even locally, from one institution to the other. We investigated the clinical isolates positive for ESBL-producing bacteria in our institution, a tertiary care hospital in Madrid (Spain), during a 2-year period (2007–2008). Methods Clinical and microbiological data were retrospectively reviewed. Two hundred and nineteen patients were included in the study. Results Advanced age, diabetes, use of catheters, previous hospitalization and previous antibiotic treatment were some of the risk factors found among patients. Escherichia coli was the most frequent isolate, and urinary tract the most common site of isolation. Internal Medicine, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and General Surgery presented the highest number of isolates. There were no outbreaks during the study period. Antibiotic patterns showed high resistance rates to quinolones in all isolates. There was 100% sensitivity to carbapenems. Conclusion Carbapenems continue to be the treatment of choice for ESBL-producing bacteria. Infection control measures are of great importance to avoid the spread of these nosocomial infections.
Transcriptional Control of BubR1 by p53 and Suppression of Centrosome Amplification by BubR1

ABSTRACT Elimination of the regulatory mechanism underlying numeral homeostasis of centrosomes, as seen in cells lacking p53, results in abnormal amplification of centrosomes, which increases the frequency of chromosome segregation errors, and thus contributes to the chromosome instability frequently observed in cancer cells. We have previously reported that p53−/− mouse cells in prolonged culture undergo genomic convergence similar to that observed during tumor progression; early-passage p53−/− cells are karyotypically heterogeneous due to extensive chromosome instability associated with centrosome amplification, while late-passage p53−/− cells are aneuploid yet karyotypically homogeneous and chromosomally stable. Moreover, they contain numerically normal centrosomes. Through the microarray analysis of early- and late-passage p53−/− cells, we identified the BubR1 spindle checkpoint protein, which plays a critical role in suppression of centrosome amplification and stabilization of chromosomes in late-passage p53−/− cells. Up-regulation of BubR1 augments the checkpoint function, which effectively senses the spindle/chromosome aberrations associated with centrosome amplification. We further found that BubR1 transcription is largely controlled by p53. In early-passage p53−/− cells, BubR1 expression is low and the checkpoint function in response to microtubule toxin is considerably compromised. In late-passage cells, however, regaining of BubR1 expression restores the checkpoint function to mitotic aberrations caused by microtubule toxin. Our studies demonstrate the molecular aspect of genomic convergence in cultured cells, providing critical information for understanding the stepwise progression of tumors.
Consumer responses to compensation, speed of recovery and apology after a service failure

This experimental study examined how the three dimensions of fairness (distributive, procedural and interactional) influence consumers' attributional processes, their post‐recovery satisfaction and behavioral responses (repatronage intent and negative word‐of‐mouth) in a service failure context that does not involve monetary costs to the consumer. Our results indicate that recovery outcomes (e.g. compensation), procedures (e.g. speed of recovery) and interactional treatment (e.g. apology) have a joint effect on post‐recovery satisfaction. Specifically, our findings suggest that compensation may not enhance satisfaction when the recovery process is well‐executed (an immediate response combined with an apology). Similarly, compensation failed to lessen dissatisfaction with a poor recovery process (a delayed response without apology). It thus seems that compensation is a poor substitute for a good recovery process. However, offering compensation was effective in increasing satisfaction in mixed‐bag recovery situations (delayed recovery with an apology, or immediate recovery without apology). Furthermore, we found that service recovery satisfaction acted as a full mediator between service recovery attributes (compensation, recovery speed and apology) and behavioral intentions (repurchase intent and negative WOM). Finally, our findings suggest that consumer attributions for stability and controllability for the failure vary across recovery efforts. Managerial implications for these findings are discussed.
Do Models of Discretionary Accruals Detect Actual Earnings Management via Inventory? A Comparison of General and Specific Models

This paper evaluates a large set of accrual-based models for detecting earnings management. Insight into the accrual process in a particular industry allows us to test and compare models using actual data (2066 firm-years over period 1988 - 2004) rather than simulations. Using detailed, non-public information about inventory, which is the obvious tool for managing earnings in this industry, accruals are split into volume (nondiscretionary) and price (discretionary) components. The evaluation provides the following insights: First, focusing on inventory accruals alone provides considerable increase in power compared to working capital models. Second, results confirm that the Jones specifications are very sensitive with respect to firm performance (earnings as well as cash flows). However, models and designs (such as performance matching) that attempt to correct for this bias, do not perform well in general. Third, an innovative model, tailored to the situation (industry/accrual item), outperforms models that are based on the popular Jones structure. Fourth, accrual models’ inability to distinguish between volume (nondiscretionary) and price (discretionary) changes causes substantial errors. Fifth, correlation between managed and unmanaged accruals may have dramatic consequences for model performance confirming conjectures in McNichols (2000).
Debate on Commercialization of Genetically Modified Staple Food

Debate on genetically modified staple food became a hot issue in China in 2010.Based on the benefits of subjects taking part in this debate,this paper analyzes the causes,the essence and the imapct of such debate and points out that among those complicated reasons leading to this debate,the main reasons are that people maintain some original traditions,lifestyles and moral standard,two parties in the debate have different values and beneficial tendency,people worry about potential risks of food and ecological safety of genetically modified crops or food and media hype up the news about the commercialization of genetically modified rice.The essence of this debate is the game process on benefits,power and resources.The debate is objectively important to spread new knowledge,change values,perfect supervisory system and promote development of technology
Financial Crisis, Systemic Risk, and Performance of Financial Risk Insurers

Most traditional insurance companies have escaped the financial storms during 2007-2009 while companies engaging in financial risk taking were not this lucky. In this study, we examine the performance of financial risk insurers and analyze the contributing role of financial risk insurers to systemic risk during the crisis. First, we find a subset of financial risk insurance companies, financial guaranty insurers, are badly affected by the financial crisis both in terms of their stock and operating performance. Second, in line with financial contagion, we find insurer performance is highly correlated with various measures of systemic risks. Finally, the deterioration of financial risk insurers’ performance has a negative externality on corporate bonds they insure. The yield spreads of bonds insured by financial guaranty insurers increase after the insurers experience rating downgrades, resulting in significant wealth loss for bondholders.
Contextual Plagiarism Detection Using Latent Semantic Analysis

Plagiarism means to commit literary theft, where in one steals ideas or words from another and claim it as their own without crediting the source. There are mainly two types of plagiarism possible; text based similarity and context based similarity. Text based similarity works on a word by word match algorithm. Context based similarity tries to find a match between two series of text with respect to implemented meaning or ideas implied. Latent Semantic Analysis(LSA) is a method which tries to find deeper correlation between words used in a document, here semantic implies that the documents try to find a root topic under which both the documents hold true. In this paper LSA is used for context based similarity between documents. Keywords— Contextual plagiarism; latent semantic analysis: vector space model.
Failure to detect Chlamydia pneumoniae in the central nervous system of patients with MS

The etiology of MS is unknown, but numerous infectious agents have been considered as potential causes. Recently, the common respiratory pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae reportedly has been identified in the CSF of a patient with MS by culture and PCR.1 In addition, specific antibody to C. pneumoniae was detected in the CSF using an in-house ELISA. This patient improved after 6 weeks of treatment with ofloxacin and rifampin followed by extended treatment with metronidazole and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. We attempted to confirm these findings by identifying C. pneumoniae in the CSF of patients using validated C. pneumoniae detection methods. Because the activity of metronidazole against C. pneumoniae is not known, in vitro susceptibility testing of this agent was also performed. Ninety-nine CSF samples from 48 patients with MS and 51 patients with other neurologic diseases were collected at the University Hospital of Umea between 1991 and 1998 and stored at −80 °C. Forty-five patients with MS were clinically definite using the criteria of Poser,2 2 had possible MS (one episode only), and 1 had Devic’s neuromyelitis optica. Thirty-one of the patients with MS …
Blast‐induced neurotrauma leads to neurochemical changes and neuronal degeneration in the rat hippocampus

Blast‐induced neurotrauma is a major concern because of the complex expression of neuropsychiatric disorders after exposure. Disruptions in neuronal function, proximal in time to blast exposure, may eventually contribute to the late emergence of clinical deficits. Using magic angle spinning 1H MRS and a rodent model of blast‐induced neurotrauma, we found acute (24–48 h) decreases in succinate, glutathione, glutamate, phosphorylethanolamine and γ‐aminobutyric acid, no change in N‐acetylaspartate and increased glycerophosphorylcholine, alterations consistent with mitochondrial distress, altered neurochemical transmission and increased membrane turnover. Increased levels of the apoptotic markers Bax and caspase‐3 suggested active cell death, consistent with increased FluoroJade B staining in the hippocampus. Elevated levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein suggested ongoing inflammation without diffuse axonal injury measured by no change in β‐amyloid precursor protein. In conclusion, blast‐induced neurotrauma induces a metabolic cascade associated with neuronal loss in the hippocampus in the acute period following exposure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards a Classification of Service Processes

Over the years manufacturing managers have been unified by their acceptance of certain terminology to describe generic production processes. This has facilitated the sharing of ideas and management techniques and the development of our understanding of process choice implications on manufacturing strategies. In the service literature, no process model has been so powerful or pervasive as the manufacturing model. Postulates that a service typology which transcends narrow industry boundaries may lead to some cross‐fertilization of ideas and to an understanding of the management methods and techniques appropriate to each service type. Proposes a model analogous to the production process model, which has achieved such universal recognition in the world of manufacturing. Just as production volume is used in the latter model to integrate a wide range of production process dimensions, so suggests that the volume of customers processed per business unit per day correlates with six classification dimensions develo.