Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Floyd-Warshall Algorithm and Greedy Algorithm in Determining the Shortest Route

Prior to traveling, one of the most important things to pay attention to is to determine the travel route, especially the shortest path to be taken. In this study, the method used to determine the shortest route is the conventional method and the Heuristic method. These two methods will be compared to find out methods which can provide the best result. For conventional methods, the authors use the Floyd- Warshall algorithm whereas for the Heuristic method, the greedy algorithm is employed. The Floyd-Warshall algorithm takes into account all possible routes so that there are some routes are displayed while the greedy algorithm checks every node that is passed to select the shortest route (Local Optimum) so that the time needed in searching is faster. Based on the conducted testing, the final result obtained is the Floyd- Warshall algorithm provides a better solution, namely the mileage was 22.7 km and the greedy algorithm covered a mileage of 24.8 km. This result indicated that a longer time is required because it takes the distance to all points into account.
Hybrid Fuel Cell/Battery Power System Energy Management by Using Fuzzy Logic Control for Vehicle Application

In this work, a fuzzy logic control-based energy management strategy is proposed for a fuel cell (FC)/battery hybrid electric vehicle. The model of the proposed hybrid power system is developed in the environment of MATLAB/Simulink. An energy management according to fuzzy rules is designed to regulate FC working in the high efficiency area and protect it from suffering rapidly changing of load power. The reference power of FC is determined in real-time by accumulating its power increment which performs FC power changing from one operating point to another within the high efficiency area limiting by the maximum power slope. The proposed control effect is compared with a simple logic control strategy in New Europe Driving Cycle (NEDC).
Application of Huang Transform and Wavelet Analysis for Acoustic Emission Signal Filtering

The paper presents the hybrid model of acoustic emission (AE) signal filtering on the basis of both wavelet analysis and Huang empirical mode decomposition method. We offer the technique of estimation of the wavelet filter parameters. Determination of the wavelet, level of the wavelet decomposition and value of the thresholding coefficient has been performed on the basis of the ratio of Shannon entropies which were calculated for both the allocated noise vector and filtered signal. The simulation process was carried out using acoustic emission (AE) signals which were generated during metal loading with the development of destruction from initial state to final distract with several phases.
Statistical Models of Spectral Nonstationarity for Automation of Atrial Fibrilation Detection Procedure

The article presents the statistical models sensitive to spectral non-stationarity, the identification of which in local time intervals represents an independent problem for both continuous and periodically non-stationary processes. This model has been tested for detection of atrial fibrillation based on an analysis of PP intervals during Holter monitoring. The results showed the possibility of increasing the reliability of detection to a value above 0.997.
An Open Source and System-Level Simulator for the Internet of Drones

The Internet of Drones (IoD) represents a key enabling paradigm for the Internet of Mobile Things. By offering smart interactions among unmanned aerial vehicles, i.e., drones, it promises to support many advanced services, spanning from control signaling and traffic management to real-time applications and multimedia streaming. From a networking perspective, IoD should face heterogeneous architectures and extremely dynamics topologies, while ensuring the different levels of quality of service expected for the enabled applications. In this context, the definition of novel communication protocols and algorithms must be properly supported by valid instruments able to model the overall network architecture, as well as to evaluate and improve its performance. To meet these goals, this work proposes an open source and system-level simulator for the IoD. Developed on top of the well-known Network Simulator 3, it implements the key networking elements (drones, network access points, and Zone Service Provider), a standard-compliant communication stack based on the IEEE 802.11 technology, and scenarios with various mobility model. Thanks to its native modularity, the simulator is ready to be used for investigating the performance of customizable scenarios with a variable number of drones, and can be easily extended with new functionalities.
HRRP feature extraction and recognition method of radar ground target using convolutional neural network

High resolution range profile(HRRP) is an important feature of radar target. It can be used to classify and recognize target. As for the attitude sensibility, the HRRP of target will change dramatically within a small angle. Since the convolutional neural network(CNN) is good tool to abstract the HRRP features from the original input data, and these features have good generalization ability to represent the target HRRP. Aiming at this issue, an approach is proposed to realize radar ground target HRRP features extraction and recognition based on convolutional neural network. The target scattering center features are reorganized into a 2-D feature map. Then a CNN is constructed to recognize the target based on the feature map of the target. The computation result based on MSTAR database shows the performance of the proposed approach.
Peak shaving of an EV Aggregator Using Quadratic Programming

The paper proposes a method of peak shaving through control of EV Aggregator in industrial buildings. Peak shaving based on a heuristic algorithm which is not suitable in real field is expressed in a convex form to generate an EV optimum charge/discharge schedule, and a minimum peak is achieved by a linear search. It is implemented in quadratic programming in MATLAB Tool box to express peak shaving problem in convex form and binary search tree is used to minimize the peak. For validation of performance of the proposed method. Various load patterns of industrial buildings are considered. Simulation results show that it is possible to reduce electricity cost about 10% compared to EV
Wideband Transition for Increased-Height Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide

Recently, Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) technology was proposed for embedding empty waveguides into planar substrates in order to improve their performance. A low-loss and narrow-band transition from microstrip to an increased height ESIW with 4 layers was presented in a previous work, and used to implement a very high-quality factor bandpass filter at Q-band. With such a narrow-band transition, based on a quarter-wavelength transformer, a very narrow-band filter response with resonators having a quality factor of 1000 was achieved. In this paper, in order to overcome the narrow-band and the 4-layers output restrictions, and extend the practical use of such increased height ESIWs beyond narrow-band filters, we present a novel wideband transition from microstrip to an increased height ESIW with an arbitrary number of layers. A full suite of wideband transitions to increased height ESIWs, built with different number of substrate layers ranging from 3 to 8, has been designed in this work to operate at Ka-band, though they can be easily transferred to other bands if the dimensions of the transition are properly scaled. To illustrate this, the original Ka-band transitions have been mapped to Ku-band, with excellent results. In order to test the proposed design method, a prototype of a 4-layer structure has been fabricated at Ka-band, achieving a good performance in the whole useful bandwidth of the ESIW.
Design and analysis of a mesh-based Adaptive Wireless Network-on Chips Architecture with Irregular Network Routing

The metallic interface for between core messages expends wealth influence and lesser throughput which are huge in Network-on Chip (NoC) structures. We proposed a remote Network-on-Chip (NoC) building Wireless Network-on Chip that uses power and imperatives gainful remote handsets to improve higherenergy and throughput by altering channels as indicated by traffic plans. Our proposed computations uses interface use bits of knowledge to redispensreal platforms, and a vitality funds of 29–35%. Wireless channels and a token sharing arrangement to totally use the remote information transmission successfully. Remote/electrical topological with results demonstrates a through-put advancement of 69%, a speedup between 1.7–2.9X on real platform, and an power savings of 25–38%.
Single-Paint-Fed Broadband CP Antenna With Enhanced Axial Ratio

In this paper, a compact single-point-fed circularly polarized antenna with enhanced axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is investigated. A combination of parasitic strips and modified geometry of the wide-slot is used to improve circular polarization (CP) performance of the antenna. The total footprint of the antenna is only $25\times 25\ \text{mm}^{2}$. With the proposed technique, an impedance bandwidth $\vert \mathrm{S}_{11}\vert \leq-10$ dB of ~70-percent (4.2 GHz- 9.05 GHz), and AR bandwidth $\leq 3\text{dB}$ of 48-percent (5.4 GHz to 8.65 GHz) has been achieved with the average realized gain of 3.1 dBi through the CP operating band. A stable bidirectional radiation pattern with left hand CP and right hand CP in the $\pm z-$ direction is observed.
Wind Turbine Components Classification based on Failure Causes for Proactive Maintenance Simulation

Predictive, proactive and reliability-based maintenance are considered among the most widely used approaches in the field of maintenance optimization of wind turbines. Nevertheless, most existing models are designed to optimize the maintenance of a single component of a wind turbine and do not take into consideration the different dependencies that exist between components, which does not guarantee the performance of the system. For this purpose, our paper proposes a detailed classification of the various components of a wind turbine according to their causes of failure based on the stochastic dependencies, which characterize the process of degradation of the system. The main goal of this classification is to allow maintenance operators and manufacturers both to have efficient systems in terms of performance, reliability and cost.
Testing of mechanisms of action of rituximab and clinical results in high-risk patients with aggressive CD20+ lymphoma

Testing of mechanisms of action of rituximab and clinical results in high-risk patients with aggressive CD20+ lymphoma Background. Rituximab has been applied successfully in the treatment of indolent and aggressive CD20 positive B cell lymphomas, yet the exact in vivo mechanisms of its action have not been unambiguously explained. This study was therefore aimed to confirm the presumed major mechanisms of action of rituximab and concomitantly to assess the effectiveness of first-line chemoimmunotherapy in high-risk patients with aggressive CD20 lymphomas. Patients, materials and methods. The activity of rituximab was tested in vitro on Raji and SU-DHL-4 cells using the cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry. In the clinical part of the study, 20 high-risk patients with aggressive CD 20 lymphomas were treated with R-CHOP. Results. Only complement-mediated cytotoxicity was observed under the in vitro applied experimental conditions. Neither the direct apoptotic effect nor the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was detected probably due to a too low concentration of rituximab and a too low ratio of cytotoxic lymphocytes to tumor cells. The treatment outcome in patients was excellent since complete remissions were achieved in 90% of poor-risk patients at the end of primary treatment and 80% of patients were disease-free at 18.5 months median observation period. Conclusions. According to our results, the complement-dependent cytotoxicity is an important mechanism of rituximab action in vitro. To achieve direct apoptosis, higher concentrations than 20 μg/ml of rituximab should be used, while for an effective antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, the ratio of cytotoxic lymphocytes to tumor cells should be higher than 1:1. In the high- risk patients with aggressive CD20 lymphomas, the addition of rituximab to CHOP substantially improves the therapeutic results.
A General Real-time OPF Algorithm Using DDPG with Multiple Simulation Platforms

OPF, as the most basic optimization problem in power system, has been studied for many years, while it’s still difficult to obtain a general real-time OPF solution in existed algorithms. In this paper, the application of DRL algorithm DDPG is described for developing a general real-time OPF solution. Facing the curse of dimensionality which is common in application of RL algorithm, we solve the high-dimension or continuous state, action spaces problem respectively using Deep Q-network and Deterministic Policy Gradient. We implement DDPG algorithm successfully in IEEE 9-bus system using two simulation platforms MATPOWER and CloudPSS, and the results are compared with those of MATPOWER built-in OPF algorithm. With MATPOWER, we achieve a general real-time OPF algorithm, which has the same effect to non-real time MATPOWER built-in OPF algorithm. DDPG algorithm is also applied on CloudPSS to solve the OPF problem, which combines the advantages of reinforcement learning and cloud simulation.
A power flow tracing based load curtailment technique

A reasonable and efficient load curtailment method enables to restore the system quickly as well as reduce the economic losses both for the power providers and customers when the electrical power system is under contingency. This paper proposes a power flow tracing based load curtailment technique. When the outage occurs, the proposed method determines the load curtailment of each bus according to the power flow tracing results. The technical requirements can be satisfied by just curtailing these loads. It takes the distribution in power transfers between units, transmission lines and loads into account. An extended incidence matrix based power flow tracing scheme is developed for efficient load curtailment. Results in the load curtailment and reliability analysis of the RBTS system demonstrate the correctness of the proposed method.
Rehabilitation of the Spine: A Practitioner's Manual

Section I: Basic Science * The Biopsychosocial Model * Spinal Stability: Mechanism of Injury and Restabilization * Where is the pain coming from? * Exercise Science Principles * The Functional Pathology of the Motor System Section II: Assessment * Diagnostic Triage: History, Examination & Special Tests * Physical Examination of the Muscular System * Outcomes Management * Assessment of Psycho-social Factors Pain Patients * Quantitative Physical Performance Evaluation * Quantitative Functional Capacity Evaluation of the Spine Pain Patient * Pre-employment Screening and Functional Capacity Evaluation for Determining Safe Return to Work * Decision Making in Clinical Assessment of the Pain Patient: Integrating Functional and Pathoanatomic Approaches Section III: Acute Care Management * Patient Reactivation * The McKenzie Approach for Acute Pain Relief * Biopsychosocial Reactivation of the Acute Pain Patient * Brugger Methods in Postural Centration * Soft Tissue Manipulation Techniques * Post-isometric Relaxation Techniques * Neuromobilization Techniques * Manipulation Techniques for Key Joints Section IV: Recovery Care Management * Integration and Selection of Rehabilitation Techniques * Sensory-motor Training * Segmental (local) Spinal Stabilization Training * Functional Spine (neck & low back) Stabilization Training for Activities of Daily Living * Global Muscle Stabilization Training * Advanced Weight Training Approaches From a Stability Perspective * Facilitation of Agonist-Antagonist Co-activation by Reflex Stimulation Methods * Yoga Exercises * The Biobehavorial Approach Section V: Regional Application * An Integrated Approach to Regional Disorders - Liebenson * Managing Common Syndromes and Finding the Key Link * The Lower Quarter * The Lumbar Spine & Pelvis * The Thoracic Spine & Rib Cage * The Cervical Spine & Orofacial Region * The Upper Quarter Section VI: Pain, Suffering & Disability * The Practitioner's Role * Core Competencies for Conservative Care Specialists Working as Part of a Multidisciplinary Team * From Guidelines to Practice: What is the Practitioner's Role
Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Networks and Spectral Angle Mapper Classifiers on Fused Hyperspectral Data for Improved LULC Classification

The present paper focuses on analyzing the performance of three different advanced classifiers on hyperspectral data for improved land use/land cover classification. Considering the limitations of spatial and spectral resolution of high resolution multispectral and hyperspectral datasets, image fusion techniques were used for obtaining a spectrally and spatially rich space borne hyperspectral data. The Gram Schmidt sharpening, Principal Component sharpening and Color Normalized spectral sharpening were used for fusing the 30m, 242 band EO-1 Hyperion image with the 1.8m eight band World View 2 data. Correlation, SNR and entropy measures were adopted for analyzing the performance of the fused outputs. Color Normalized spectral sharpening was observed to exhibit highest correlation of 0.78 between spectra of Hyperion and fused images. Classification of the fused and unfused images was performed using three different classifiers - Spectral Angle Mapper, Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine by taking end members from the image and the ground spectra. Confusion matrix was generated using a ground truth points obtained during field visit. Support Vector Machine classifier with RBF kernel and lOO penalty value was observed to give an improved classified output than the remaining classifiers with an accuracy of 89.56% and a kappa coefficient of 0.88%.
A Pattern Logic for a Citizen-Generated Subjective Quality of Life Index in Neighborhoods

This paper puts forward a procedure for measuring and analysing the subjectively felt quality of life of citizens in a certain location. Referring to ongoing debates about quality of life in cities, it introduces a systematic approach for performance evaluations of neighborhoods. The presented method suggests tools for constant information collection by way of qualitative surveys regarding georeferenced (local) subjective themes of citizens. Supported by a novel pattern logic, these tools can be flexibly adjusted through iterative steps. Adding to discourses on sentiment analysis, the paper also introduces a semi-automated method for the linguistic clustering of citizen statements.
Building the Quasi One Dimensional Transistor from 2D Materials

Here we describe some preliminary device results from field effect transistors made from metal trichalcogenides. Although not much investigated, is both promise and room for improvement. Improvements could come from better contacts and lower semiconductor channel defect densities, in metal trichalcogenides transistors. Devices with ohmic contacts have now been fabricated, and the surface termination of these materials modeled by density functional theory.
Integrative Activity of the Brain: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Dr. Konorski, a leader in Polish neurophysiology, previously wrote a well-received book synthesizing Pavlovian concepts with the kind of neurophysiology represented by Sherrington and his school. In this newer work, account is taken of more recent discoveries in brain neurophysiology, and this has been related to the newer advances made in experimental psychology. Konorski has chosen not to restrict himself to objective behavior but uses introspection as a datum. A central concept is that of the "gnostic unit," eg, a pencil, an apple, a face. These gnostic units in the different sensory analyzers are not elaborated from sense-datum elements, eg, edges, corners, or more complex shapes of a visual input; but these apparently simpler elements require additional neuronal mechanisms for their isolation from primitive gnostic units. In addition to sensory excitation, gnostic units can be activated internally by associational mechanisms apart from a sensory input, as in a dream or
Calculation of Spectral Green’s Function and Its Asymptotical Behavior for Sheet Electric Current in Two-Layer Dielectric Waveguide

Structures with patches placed on the interfaces in a two-layered dielectric waveguide are promising to be used in different applications at THz waves. To realize the method of moments (MoM) solution in the spectral domain spectral Green’s functions (GFs) for sheet electric currents on the interfaces of the two-layer dielectric cylindrical waveguide are needed. This paper presents the way to enhance the MoM solution efficiency by extracting an asymptotic behavior of the spectral GF which depends on two variables: the propagation constant and the azimuth index. Here asymptotic spectral GFs are constructed and calculated when electrical sheet current is placed on different interfaces.
Setup for Characterization of the Non-Linear Electric Susceptibility in the Microwave Range Applied to a Glass Ceramic

A resonator method exciting eigenresonances of three coupled cylindrical dielectric resonators allows characterizing the non-linear response of low loss and high permittivity materials at frequencies of about 1 GHz. To reach the necessary sensitivity for dielectric non-linearities, the setup ensures that the measured intermodulation can be ascribed to the material under test while all other intermodulation sources are excluded. Electric field amplitudes of several V/mm are obtained at an input power of 100 W. The setup was used to characterize the third order non-linear susceptibility of a glass ceramic.
A Novel Calibration Technique for FMCW Radar Systems Enabling Material Characterization in Variable Distances

In this contribution, a calibration method for millimeter wave FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) radar is presented. The proposed technique utilizes the potential of an adjustable ramp duration to extend the validity range of the calibration measurement at a single position and enables the characterization of material samples in varying distances. Exemplary measurement results in the W-band are presented, proving the accuracy of the method.
Impact of Pilot Sequence on Self-Interference Cancellation for Full-Duplex Radios

This paper investigates the impact of pilot sequences on the digital self-interference cancellation (SIC) in full-duplex systems. Nonlinearity may be introduced to the self-interference (SI) signal by the circuits, especially the high power amplifier, which needs to be modeled and estimated for SIC. Applying the parallel Hammerstein model, the nonlinearity and the multipath channels are jointly estimated based on pilot sequence. By implementing the Pseudo-Noise (PN) and Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences, we evaluate the estimation accuracy and SIC performance. In addition, the impact of the power misalignment between the pilot and the data is studied. The results suggest that the SI can be almost completely removed with both PN and ZC sequences when the transmit power is low. However, with high transmit power where the nonlinearity effect is more severe, the PN sequence outperforms the ZC sequence due to their different nonlinearity behaviors. Then, by comparing different power level settings, we show that the best strategy for digital cancellation is to set the transmit powers of the pilot and the data be approximately the same.