Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Compact Pentagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications Applications

In this paper, a study of new design of pentagonal microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications applications. The proposed antenna has regular pentagonal patch (provide dual bands (2.6-7.5) GHz, (8.7-20) GHz) which is modified to irregular shape with the same area to obtain better characteristics from bandwidth and gain point of view and offer gain vary from -3dBi to 3dBi. It is noted that the final pass band (i.e. S11≤-10dB) is (2.6-20) GHz. The gain is improved by making slots in the irregular pentagonal patch to be in the range between (-0.95dBi - 4.4dBi). Both the irregular pentagonal antenna without slots and with slots are fabricated and tested practically using vector network analyzer (VNA) for the reflection coefficients (S11), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and input impedance. Each of these antennas regular pentagonal patch, irregular pentagonal patch without slots and with slots are printed on FR4 having relative dielectric constant er=4.3, and loss tangent (tanδ) of 0.02. It is printed on (33 x 30 x 1.6) mm3 substrate. It is found that the simulation results and the measured results agree mostly, the small error is attributed to the fabrication error. It is concluded that the irregular pentagonal antenna with slots provide better characteristics.
Light and scanning electron microscopic studies on the intestine of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): II - posterior intestine.

The present work was carried out on 20 specimens of grass carp in order to observe the morphological features of intestine. The present study showed that the intestine was long, which may help in retention of food for a longer period of time to ensure proper digestion. Also, the percent of relative gut length (RGL) of grass carp was 1.92%. This RGL with a large intestinal diameter of this species allowing increase the storage capacity of food. The intestine of grass carp were divided into anterior, posterior intestine and rectum. There were no intestinal villi or multicellular intestinal glands in any regions of intestine. The most important features of anterior intestine were a wide diameter of the lumen and a great number and height of mucosal folds. The anterior intestine was lined by simple columnar epithelium, intercalated with goblet cells, wandering lymphocytes and enteroendocrine cells. Scanning electron microscopy, revealed presence of long wavy mucosal folds that formed of enterocytes covered with numerous microvilli, intermingled with numerous openings for goblet cells.
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics of the Effects of Water Spray on Air Compression Process

In a conventional gas turbine setup, a majority of the output power (more than 60%) from the turbine is spent as compressor work. In order to increase the effective output power of the system, it is necessary to cut down the input power requirement of the compressor. In indus-tries techniques such as ‘Wet Compression’are employed to achieve this reduction.The process takes advantage of the high enthalpy of vaporization of water droplets to achieve reduction in the overall temperature of the compressed medium. It is established that the thermodynamic work required for the compression of a fluid increases monotonically with the increase in fluid temperature. In wet compression process, during the compression of the fluid (i.e. air), fine droplets of water are injected into the medium. The droplets absorb heat from the surrounding medium and start evaporating; thereby reducing the temperature of air which in turn decreases the compressor work. In addition to this the mass flow rate of the fuel required by the gas tur-bine system increases in order to maintain its oxidizer-fuel (O/F) ratio, thereby generating extra power output. To study the fundamental thermodynamic process behind wet compression, a cylinder-piston system containing fine droplets of water suspended in air is considered. The axial inward move-ment of piston enables compression of the fluid mixture. Properties such as pressure, tempera-ture and relative humidity of compressed air are studied in detail for different parameters such as compression rates, droplet diameter and droplet mass. Thermodynamic curves are gener-ated and power savings achieved via wet compression process are calculated. From the results it is seen that smaller sized droplets, slower speeds of compression and higher percentages of overspray lead towards a higher reduction in compressor work.
Structural Changes in Vertebrae of Mice Based on Experimental Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Studies have shown that autoimmunity causes pathogenesis of more than 100 diseases. Among these diseases, approximately 1-2% of the world’s population has rheumatoid arthritis disease, which is a chronic disease that affects 45 out of every 3000 people who have autoimmune diseases. The aim of this research is to address the possible treatment of rheumatoid arthritis disease by comparing and contrasting the effectiveness and influence that treatments have on treating the disease. This study will be conducted by inducing the following treatments: ibuprofen and Boigor-10 on model animal subjects (mice) to determine the outcomes of the treatment. We will assess the outcomes by investigate the structural changes on vertebrae and joints of these subjects and the clinical manifestation score of each treatment. We hypothesize that these treatments will improve the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis disease. Furthermore, we hope that this research contributes to further understanding autoimmune disease and promotes proper treatment of the disease.
Limited impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on variability and growth rate of atmospheric methane

Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been suggested as a strong forcing in the methane cycle and as a driver of recent trends in global atmospheric methane mole fractions [CH4]. Such a sensitivity of the global CH4 budget to climate events would have important repercussions for climate change mitigation strategies and the accuracy of projections for future greenhouse forcing. Here, we test the impact of ENSO on atmospheric CH4 in a correlation analysis. We use local and global records of [CH4], as well as stable carbon isotopic records of atmospheric CH4 (δ13CH4), which are particularly sensitive to the combined ENSO effects on CH4 production from wetlands and biomass burning. We use a variety of nominal, smoothed, and detrended time series including growth rate records. We find that at most 36 % of the variability in [CH4] and δ13CH4 is attributable to ENSO, but only for detrended records in the southern tropics. Trend-bearing records from the southern tropics, as well as all studied hemispheric and global records, show a minor impact of ENSO, i.e. < 24 % of variability explained. Additional analyses using hydrogen cyanide (HCN) records show a detectable ENSO influence on biomass burning (up to 51 %–55 %), suggesting that it is wetland CH4 production that responds less to ENSO than previously suggested. Dynamics of the removal by hydroxyl likely counteract the variation in emissions, but the expected isotope signal is not evident. It is possible that other processes obscure the ENSO signal, which itself indicates a minor influence of the latter on global CH4 emissions. Trends like the recent rise in atmospheric [CH4] can therefore not be attributed to ENSO. This leaves anthropogenic methane sources as the likely driver, which must be mitigated to reduce anthropogenic climate change.
The Performance Characteristics of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Using Oil Palm Fruit Ash-Modified Bitumen

This study was conducted to investigate the use of oil palm fruit ash-modified bitumen (OPFA-MB) as a binder in stone-mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures. The OPFA was used to take advantage of a waste by-product of the palm oil milling industry which could help to reduce environmental pollution. Binder tests such as penetration, softening point, viscosity, storage stability, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), and the direct tension test (DTT) were conducted on both unmodified and OPFA-modified bitumens. It was found that the properties of unmodified bitumen improve when OPFA is added. In addition, several asphalt mixture tests, including the Marshall Stability test, indirect tensile modulus resilience test, static uniaxial creep test, wheel tracking test, static-immersion and boiling water test, and drain-down test, were also performed on SMA mixes. The presence of OPFA was observed to enhance the stability, resilient modulus, and rut resistance of SMA mixes compared to the unmodified bitumen. This material was also found to be a good alternative material for fiber replacement in SMA mixes.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oil and various plant extracts from Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb

In this study focused on research on plants as a source of alternative and natural antimicrobial substances, the chemical composition of the essential oil from Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb. was assessed through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and phytochemical screening of different extracts (aqueous, ethanolic, ethyl acetate, and hexanic) from the same plant, as well as the antimicrobial effect against the following microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoni, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, through determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, using the micro-dilution broth method. Finally, the goal was to assess the antioxidant activity of essential oil and plant extracts using the DPPH free radical method (2.2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl). The largest class of volatile compounds identified in P. myrtifolia oil belongs to aldehydes represented by benzaldehyde compounds. With respect to antimicrobial activity, all extracts and essential oil showed activity against the microorganisms assessed, with exception of hexanic extract. Among the extracts assessed, aqueous and ethanolic extracts were the most effective. Antioxidant activity of aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts was confirmed; however, antioxidant activity of essential oil and hexanic extract was not observed.
Economic Growth, Public and Private Consumption in Cameroon: A Multivariate Analysis

The nature of the link between economic growth, public and private consumption in theoretical and empirical research is not well known in Cameroon. The objective of this study is to examine the nature of the relationship between economic growth, public and private consumption in Cameroon from 1980 to 2015. In order to achieve our goal, the data from the CENUCED were collected and tested in the autoregressive vector model (VAR). The delay selection statistic for VAR allowed us to have the following causality results: in Cameroon, there is a unidirectional relationship between economic growth towards public consumption and economic growth towards private consumption. Meanwhile, there is no causal link between public and private consumption, from public and private consumption to economic growth. Thus, the recommendation is that the Cameroonian government should create an incentive framework conducive to the improvement of public and private consumption to stimulate investment and economic growth.
Intersection lattices and topological structures of complements of arrangements in CP2

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Stigma and Mental Health in Nigeria: Some Suggestions for Law Reform

Nigeria has a significant number of people with mental health challenges. Unfortunately, this is perhaps the most neglected area of health in the country. This paper argues that this neglect is both caused and exacerbated by stigma. Stigma remains the most basic, cultural and moral barrier to the relief of mental health challenges. As a result of this, human rights abuses with deep roots in the stigma attached to mental illness continue to flourish largely unrestrained, impacting negatively on the dignity of mentally disabled persons as human beings. In this Article, therefore, I discuss stigma, a key challenge that affects persons living with mental illness in Nigeria. I review the effects of stigma and propose some reforms to law and the law making process as one way to reduce stigma and its adverse effects. Keywords : mental health, stigma, mental illness, law reform, legislation, rights, discrimination.
Single emitter localization analysis in the presence of background

Localization microscopy for imaging at the nano-scale relies on the quality of fitting the emitter positions from the measured light spots. The type and magnitude of the noise in the detection process, the background light level and the Point Spread Function model that is used in the fit are of paramount importance for the precision and accuracy of the fit. We present several developments on the computational methods and performance limits of single emitter localization, targeting specifically these three aspects.
Security against jamming in imaging with partially-distinguishable photons

We describe a protocol in which we detect intercept-resend jamming of imaging and can reverse its effects. The security is based on control of the polarization states of photons that are sent to interrogate an object and form an image at a camera. The scheme presented here is a particular implementation of a general anti-jamming protocol established by Roga and Jeffers in Ref. 5. It is applied here to imaging by photons with partially distinguishable polarisation states. The protocol in this version is easily applicable as only single photon states are involved, however the efficiency is traded off against the intrusion detectability because of a leak of information to the intruder.
The Failure of the Pigouvian Tax System when Inefficiencies Are Taken into Account

A generally accepted theorem in environmental economics is that an emission charge is the least-cost method for society to achieve a prescribed standard. But this assumes that no inefficiencies with respect to the undesired outputs occur at the level of the firm. However, in the real world firms do not operate efficiently, because of existing regulations, differences in availability of resources (e.g. management), and the adjustment costs involved if there are quasifixed inputs. Therefore, the proposition that taxes are the least-cost method to achieve a prescribed standard can be challenged.
Dynamics and level statistics of interacting fermions in the lowest Landau level

We consider the unitary dynamics of interacting fermions in the lowest Landau level, on spherical and toroidal geometries. The dynamics are driven by the interaction Hamiltonian which, viewed in the basis of single-particle Landau orbitals, contains correlated pair hopping terms in addition to static repulsion. This setting and this type of Hamiltonian has a significant history in numerical studies of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) physics, but the many-body quantum dynamics generated by such correlated hopping has not been explored in detail. We focus on initial states containing all the fermions in one block of orbitals. We characterize in detail how the fermionic liquid spreads out starting from such a state. We identify and explain differences with regular (single-particle) hopping Hamiltonians. Such differences are seen, e.g. in the entanglement dynamics, in that some initial block states are frozen or near-frozen, and in density gradients persisting in long-time equilibrated states. Examining the level spacing statistics, we show that the most common Hamiltonians used in FQH physics are not integrable, and explain that GOE statistics (level statistics corresponding to the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble) can appear in many cases despite the lack of time-reversal symmetry.
Characteristics of Structure and Expression Pattern of ADSF/resistin Gene in Korean Native Cattle

Adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF)/resistin, a hormone, is a small cysteine-rich protein secreted from adipose tissue and has been implicated in modulating adipogenesis in humans and rodents. The objective of this study was to clone a gene encoding ADSF/resistin and to characterize its function in Korean Native Cattle (Hanwoo). The coding sequence was 330 base pairs and it encoded a protein of 109 amino acids. An NCBI BLAST-search revealed the cloned cDNA fragment shared significant homology (82%) with the cDNA encoding the human ADSF/resistin. The nucleotide sequence homology of the Hanwoo sequence was 73% and 64% for the rat and mouse, respectively. A 654 bp ADSF/resistin gene promoter was cloned and putative binding sites of transcription factors were identified. Tissue distribution of ADSF mRNA was examined in liver, skeletal muscles (tenderloin, biceps femoris), subcutaneous fat, and perirenal fat by RT-PCR. ADSF mRNAs were detected in fat tissues but not in liver and muscles, suggesting that ADSF/resistin expression may be induced during adipogenesis. Although, the physiological function of ADSF/resistin in the cow remains to be determined, these data indicate ADSF is related to the adipocyte phenotype and may have a possibly regulatory role in adipocyte function.
MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FOR TARGETED-DRUG DELIVERY: A COMBINATORIAL APPROACH OF HYPERTHERMIA AND RADIATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF CANCER THERAPY

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death all over the world. The classical anticancer modalities like chemoand radiationtherapy present limitations such as non-specific targeting of chemotherapeutic drugs, therapeutic resistance of tumor cells to anticancer agents and radiation, and adverse side effects in normal tissues/organs [1-3]. These limitations necessitate the need for combinatorial approach(s) for cancer therapy. In recent years, super-paramagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), due to their unique magnetic properties and biocompatibility, have gathered immense attention in the field of cancernanotherapeutics [4]. Moreover, functionalization of SPIONs with various fluorophores or tumor-specific markers would provide additional advantages of developing newer approaches of imaging and tumor specific-drug delivery. In addition, these functionalizedSPIONs can be co-encapsulated with anti-cancer drugs in temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) for combinatorial cancer hyperthermia and chemotherapy. Hyperthermia not only enhances blood flow (by vasodilation) and oxygen supply in tumor, (which allows an effective drug distribution), but also sensitizes tumor cells to chemoand radiationtherapy, thus offers a combinatorial modality for cancer therapy.
A PRODUCTION SCHEDULING MODEL AND ANALYSIS FOR THE MAINTENANCE REPAIR AND OVERHAUL SERVICE PROVIDERS

Maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) are regulated and necessary activities for the airline sector to ensure the safety and continuity of flights. Both military and commercial aircrafts must go through MRO at regulated intervals. MRO activities constitute the second largest cost component for the airline companies after the fuel. One of the important differences between MRO systems and traditional production systems is the use of rotable inventory for some expensive parts or modules. In the rotable inventory case, the arriving part for service is directly exchanged with a ready inventory. Thus, the customer airliner continues its flights with almost no break time. The MRO company overhauls the exchanged equipment and places it as ready inventory to be used for future demands. As MRO companies schedule the exchanges of rotable inventory and overhauls, considering the last date of service, they should try to bring in the aircrafts as close as possible to their regulated final dates for overhauls, since the earlier arrivals will not be preferred economically by the airline companies. The limited production capacity and inventory are the main constraints for scheduling the production. In this study, the problem is modeled with the assumptions of limited initial inventory and production capacity, multiple types rotable inventory and finite planning horizon, with the objective of minimizing the total earliness. We tested the K. Ertogral ve ark. Havayolları Tamir Bakım Servis Sağlayıcıları İçin Bir Üretim Çizelgeleme Modeli ve Analizi 514 Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der. Cilt 30, No 3, 2015 problem thorough detailed numerical experiments. We have shown the decreasing marginal benefits for an additional unit of initial rotable inventory or additional process line and the relationship between this benefit and process time and process capacity.
The relationship between company size and ceo remuneration: a scaling perspective

The first objective of the study is to empirically test a number of company size determinants’ significance as size proxies in benchmarking CEO remuneration for different sectors of Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)-listed companies. The second objective is to investigate an issue that has not been examined in previous studies, namely the extent to which companies are able to linearly scale their CEO remuneration and company size without changing the remuneration-to-size ratio. To fulfil the first objective, data extracted from the McGregor BFA database were obtained for 2013, where 244 companies in four sectors, i.e. financial, manufacturing, minerals and services, are analysed using descriptive statistics and simple regression analysis. From the results obtained, to fulfil the second objective, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is built to estimate the technical and scale efficiencies of 231 companies. A hypothesis test was helpful to find that the following determinants can be used as proxies for company size: total assets (including intangible assets); market value of assets; total equity; market capitalisation; revenue; and total cost. The confidence level to which the nullhypothesis is rejected leads to the conclusion that those determinants are on their own suitable proxies that make further investigations into joint determinants unnecessary. Furthermore, the study concluded that the majority of companies are not able to linearly scale their CEO remuneration and company size without changing the remuneration-to-size ratio. Therefore, the conceptual theory of scaling is to a great extent rejected, since only nine of 231 companies in the sample investigated could achieve economies of scale. The paper is organised as follows: Section I provides the gap of missing knowledge in the literature as well as the conceptual framework of the study. The data and methodology are described in Section II, after which the results and a discussion thereof are provided in Section III. The study is finally concluded in Section IV.
Harmonic load modulation in Doherty amplifiers

In a Doherty amplifier employing a class-B main amplifier and a class-C peaking amplifier, harmonics are normally suppressed at each amplifier. If odd harmonic currents generated by the peaking amplifier are permitted to flow into the main amplifier, the loadline of the main amplifier is shaped in such a manner as to allow a lower supply voltage to be used.
Essential spectrum of a fermionic quantum field model

An interaction system of a fermionic quantum field is considered. The state space is defined by a tensor product space of a fermion Fock space and a Hilbert space. It is assumed that the total Hamiltonian is a self-adjoint operator on the state space and bounded from below. Then it is proven that a subset of real numbers is the essential spectrum of the total Hamiltonian. It is applied to the system of a Dirac field coupled to a Klein-Gordon field. Then the HVZ theorem for the system is obtained.