Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of teacher induction practices in a US university English language program: Towards useful evaluation

This article reports on a formative and internal evaluation of teacher induction practices for newly hired teachers in a US university ESL program. By adopting a utilization-focused approach, evaluators produced a design that was articulated to the information needs of the evaluation users. The ensuing findings were then used to develop and improve program practices in specific and high-priority ways. This paper calls for attention to ways of enhancing the utility of evaluations within language education programs — and thereby enhancing the value of what language educators do — and it illustrates how a utilization-focused approach can help to ensure the actual uses and the utility of evaluation practices.
Disjoint Semi-supervised Spanish Verb Sense Disambiguation Using Word Embeddings

This work explores the use of word embeddings, also known as word vectors, trained on Spanish corpora, to use as features for Spanish verb sense disambiguation (VSD). This type of learning technique is named disjoint semisupervised learning [1]: an unsupervised algorithm is trained on unlabeled data separately as a first step, and then its results (i.e. the word embeddings) are fed to a supervised classifier. Throughout this paper we try to assert two hypothesis: (i) representations of training instances based on word embeddings improve the performance of supervised models for VSD, in contrast to more standard feature engineering techniques based on information taken from the training data; (ii) using word embeddings trained on a specific domain, in this case the same domain the labeled data is gathered from, has a positive impact on the model’s performance, when compared to general domain’s word embeddings. The performance of a model over the data is not only measured using standard metric techniques (e.g. accuracy or precision/recall) but also measuring the model tendency to overfit the available data by analyzing the learning curve. Measuring this overfitting tendency is important as there is a small amount of available data, thus we need to find models to generalize better the VSD problem. For the task we use SenSem [2], a corpus and lexicon of Spanish and Catalan disambiguated verbs, as our base resource for experimentation.
Estimación de la resistencia a la penetración de suelos usando redes neuronales artificiales

Las redes neuronales artificiales, simuladoras del proceso de aprendizaje de las neuronas biologicas, han sido utilizadas con exito en el calculo de parametros en diversos problemas de ingenieria en que las variables involucradas tienen una alta relacion no lineal entre si y la modelacion no permite representar el problema mediante una funcion matematica de facil deduccion. En la ciencia del suelo la prediccion de algunas propiedades involucra diversas variables que hacen de su estimacion por medio de modelos matematicos un proceso complejo, y trasladan la solucion del problema al campo de la inteligencia artificial. En el presente articulo se reporta la elaboracion de redes neuronales artificiales para la estimacion de la resistencia a la penetracion a diferentes profundidades de un suelo; se consideran como variables infiuyentes el contenido de humedad, la densidad, la carga estatica y la presion de infiado. Los resultados muestran una mejor estimacion para profundidades entre 20 cm y 30 cm.
Production de Chevreaux lourds : II. — Influence du niveau d'ingestion de lait et du sevrage sur les performances et la composition du tissu adipeux

Trente-trois chevreaux mâles de race Alpine reçoivent trois niveaux d’alimentation de lait reconstitué. Dans chaque lot, trois animaux sont abattus avant le sevrage, et huit vers 27 kg de poids vif. Le niveau d’alimentation lactée a peu d’influence sur la composition en acides gras des tissus adipeux des animaux non sevrés. Après le sevrage, les gras de toilette, péricardiaque et périrénal se chargent particulièrement en acide stéarique. Le gras sous-cutané s’enrichit en acides gras mineurs (à chaîne carbonée ramifiée et à nombre impair d’atomes de carbone). Les données ont permis de définir sur les animaux sevrés deux indices quantifiant respectivement la richesse en acides gras saturés, particulièrement en acide stéarique du gras interne, et, la richesse en acides gras mineurs du gras sous-cutané. L’ascendance paternelle a une influence significative sur ces indices. En outre, un niveau d’alimentation lactée élevé semble favoriser la présence d’acides gras mineurs dans le tissu adipeux sous-cutané après le sevrage.
Flower dimorphism and the maintenance of andromonoecy in Sagittaria guyanensis ssp. lappula (Alismataceae).

• Staminate flowers of andromonoecious species are thought to be produced to increase reproductive success through enhancing male function or diverting resources from unneeded pistils to fruits. This does not explain why andromonoecy occurs within genera with monoecy, since staminate flowers of monoecious plants can also serve these functions. • Here the male allocation of staminate and perfect flowers was measured in the annual herb Sagittaria guyanensis ssp. lappula , an andromonoecious species in a predominantly monoecious genus. Staminate flowers contained anthers that were larger and more numerous than those of perfect flowers, and their petals were also larger. This contrasts with most investigations where staminate flowers typically have equal or lower investment in male structures than perfect flowers. • Seed set was not significantly different between bagged and open-pollinated flowers. Pollinator observation and a pollen-dyeing experiment indicated visits to the flowers rarely occurred. • The presence of functional stamens in perfect flowers could be selected to allow reproductive assurance in case of inadequate pollination in andromonoecious species, rather than as a mechanism for optimal resource allocation.
Effectiveness of Periodontal Flap Surgery Multimedia Instructional Program Compared to Standard Lecture

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge and skill performance obtained by dental students exposed to two different instructional modalities for periodontal flap surgery: a Computer-Assisted Learning (CAL) multimedia software program and traditional lecture. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fifty volunteer fourth-year dental students with similar grade point average (GPA) scores, with the age range of 22 to 27 years, were divided into two groups (n=25). They all completed a pretest. The test group used a multimedia software, while the control group attended a lecture with the same educational content. Immediately after the lecture and after the students of the software group have finished watching the program, they completed a test consisting of 14 questions. Then, they were all assigned to perform some skills of periodontal flap surgery on an animal model. The performance of each student was assessed using a questionnaire of 13 items. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's chi-squared test. Results: There were no differences in prior knowledge between the two groups at the baseline. The software group had a final average exam score of 12.8+1.50, and the lecture group had an average score of 10.24+1.36; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The CAL group had superior performance in some skills related to periodontal flap surgery (9.98+4.63 and 4.26+4.07, respectively; P<0.000). Conclusion: The multimedia software program can be used as an adjunct to traditional education or as a means of self-instruction in teaching periodontal flap surgery techniques.
Conservation status of the littoral forest of south-eastern Madagascar: a review

The littoral forest of the Fort Dauphin region of south-east Madagascar is expected to lose numerous endemic plant and animal species in the near future as a result of deforestation and consequent habitat changes. The disruption of plant-animal interactions is of particular concern. This review describes the conservation status of the littoral forest of Sainte Luce, Fort Dauphin, and examines the role of animal-facilitated seed dispersal in regeneration. The main threats to this habitat are described and possible management implications are discussed in relation to existing initiatives. Protection of the largest remaining forest fragments has been agreed by local communities and a draft plan for forest management is currently under evaluation. Over the next few years plantations will be created to provide local people with wood for fuel and other purposes. An important flying fox Pteropus rufus roost site needs to be included in conservation plans because of its importance for long-distance seed dispersal. Despite the presence of natural barriers, the creation of forest corridors will be crucial for connecting isolated fragments and facilitating genetic exchange between subpopulations. Increased attention needs to be given to the need to promote conservation-related income activities.
Darbepoetin Alpha For the Treatment of Anemia in Systemic Mastocytosis

Human systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a rare disease caused by an abnormal mast cells accumulation in various tissues. The most aggressive forms have a rapid course and required treatments to reduce the neoplastic burden and to slacken the progression. Unfortunately, no therapy has been demonstrated efficacy, mostly in the treatment of aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM). Supportive treatments include growth factors, transfusions, steroids and anti-histaminic. No data have been reported so far concerning the use of darbepoetin alpha in this setting. Here, we describe a patient affected by ASM who experienced significant improvement of the hemoglobin level with darbepoetin (from 7.8 g/dl to 14.7 g/dl). Of note, a previous attempt with erythropoietin alpha did exert a transient response, which was lost before starting darbepoetin. We conclude that darbepoetin alpha might be considered for prospective evaluation within clinical trials in ASM patients with severe anemia.
Evaluation of Two Hierarchical Multipath Algorithms in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

- Communication technologies had created a way to accelerate data transfer and access to information in less than a few seconds. A multimedia could address several types of media by putted them together and simultaneously used them. Wireless multimedia sensor networks had great potential and great attraction. The capabilities of these networks had their application in environments where human access to those places had impossible. The disadvantages of wireless multimedia sensor networks had energy saving in wireless sensor nodes; scientists had always been worked to increase network lifetime and reduce energy consumption. For this reason, this paper Evaluation of Hierarchical Multipath Algorithms in wireless multimedia sensor networks.
Factors affecting the ethanol stability of bovine milk

Summary Changes in the ethanol (EtOH) stability/pH profile of skim-milk induced by forewarming have been investigated as a function of temperature and duration of forewarming and of milk pH prior to heating. Forewarming increased the EtOH stability of a milk in the mid-pH range, shifting the profile laterally to more acid pH values, with little effect being observed on the maximum and minimum EtOH stabilities. No significant changes in forewarming effects were obtained on adding the sulphydryl-blocking agent, N-ethylmaleimide, indicating the lack of involvement of serum protein interactions in the stabilizing effects of forewarming. It is suggested that the observed effects of forewarming are due to a heat-induced precipitation of colloidal calcium phosphate. This suggestion is supported by measurements of Ca2+ levels in forewarmed and untreated skim-milk as a function of pH and is in agreement with the previously suggested mechanism for the EtOH-induced coagulation of skim-milk. The effects of permitted additives (citrate, phosphate and Ca) on the EtOH stability of forewarmed milk paralleled their effect on untreated milk. A comparison is made of the effects of forewarming on the heat and EtOH stabilities of skim-milk.
Effect of Adding Chicory Fructans in Feed on Broiler Growth Performance, Serum Cholesterol and Intestinal Length

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of adding chicory fructans in feed on growth performance, intestinal length and structure of the broiler chicken. Inulin or oligofructose improved (P< 0.05) body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass weight, carcass percentage and increased the gut length of female birds. The beta fructans also reduced (P<0.05) serum cholesterol and abdominal fat of broilers. Inulin as well as oligofructose treated females had a more dense jejunum villi distribution in the small intestine.
HIV/AIDS: Prevalence and Level of Knowledge in a Population

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquaired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has become one of the problems the most serious public health globally while Asia has been disproportionately affected by the disease (Liu et al., 2010). Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a complicated disease that can pass on from person to person and can damage the human body’s immune system. Thus, the victim remains susceptible to various other infections (Bhattacharjee, Nath, Das, & Acharjee, 2010).
Alternatives to Fight Against Coccidiosis: A Review

Coccidiosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases of poultry with economic losses. The loss is mainly due to the poor feed conversion and increased mortality. Nowadays, farmers rely heavily on prophylactic and therapeutic use of chemical compounds for the management of coccidiosis. The conventional anti-coccidials, however, are associated with residual effects and increased resistance. Similarly, increasing consumer awareness and their pressure for natural food has increased governmental pressure basically. Because of regulatory change, there is increasing pressure to phase out the chemical anticoccidials in diet of farm animals. Moreover, there are renewed management practices as alternatives that are safe, little/no residual effects, and economical. Non-conventional compounds such as Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), organic acids, phyto-chemicals, probiotics and essentials oils have shown encouraging result against coccidian growth in intestinal mucosa of chicken and turkey. But, comprehensive studies on chemical structure, modes of action and residual effects is needed to unravel their applicability and effectiveness in the field conditions.
Male Choice and Male‐male Competition in Idotea baitica (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Sexual selection in mate-guarding Crustacea may involve several processes: male choice, male-male competition, and female choice. To evaluate the relative importance of the different processes in mate choice of the aquatic isopod I. baitica we studied 1) the mate-choice criteria of males, 2) effects of sex ratio on the outcome of the mating contest, and 3) the role of size in male-male interactions. When given a choice between a small and a large female, males most often chose the one that matured earlier for parturial ecdysis. Maturity was a more important choice criterion than female size, but these also correlated positively. Large males had a mating advantage in both male- and female-biased sex ratios; pairing was size-assortative only in the male-biased ratio where guarding was also longer. If an extra male was placed with a precopulatory pair, 30 % take-overs occurred, large males surpassing. Present and earlier work suggests that male size is an asset in both intra- and intersexual interactions. There is little or no direct phenotypic sexual selection on female size: sexual selection for large males presumably contributes to the evolution of sexual size dimorphism in I. baitica.
Cardiovascular and Functional Capacity of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Patients suffer from pain and disability and have associated reductions in muscle and cardiopulmonary function. Patients with knee and hip OA have a 15–20% decrease in aerobic capacity. The reduced aerobic capacity of patients with lower limb osteoarthritis affects their independence in performing everyday activities. More research is needed to determine the optimal types and dosing of aerobic conditioning with osteoarthritis. Persons at risk for osteoarthritis have one or more of the following risk factors: age over 50, female gender, a first-order family member with OA, previous history of a major knee or hip injury or surgery, obesity, history of joint trauma, or a job requiring bending and carrying. Hip osteoarthritis can also be secondary to developmental defects. Disability not only reduces the quality of life for individuals but also jeopardizes their ability to live independently; it increases the risk of hospitalization, institutionalization, and mortality and is a major driver of healthcare costs due to arthritis.
Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Evidence and New Insights

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by beta-cells destruction and absolute insulin deficiency. Pathogenesis of T1DM is different from that of type 2 diabetes mellitus, where both insulin resistance (IR) and reduced secretion of insulin by the beta-cells play a synergistic role [1]. Although the main etiopathogenic mechanism of T1DM is autoimmunity, over the past decade it has been shown that IR also plays a key role in the pathogenesis [2-4] and in the development of microand macrovascular complications [5,6]. In fact, recent insight from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) showed that IR predisposes to microand macrovascular complications, suggesting the concept of ‘‘double diabetes’’ [7]. The term “double diabetes” was first used in 1991 to describe a combination of T1DM with clinical features of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and exacerbation of IR, that is, the inability of a known quantity of insulin (exogenous or endogenous) to increase glucose uptake [8]. IR is driven by central adiposity and subsequent cytokine-mediated systemic inflammatory response as well as elevated circulating free fatty acids, determing a condition known as metabolic syndrome (MS) and all comorbidities associated with it [5]. Discussion
Evaluation of FMR1 gene mutations in Turkish women newly diagnosed with primary ovarian failure

Background: One of the known causes of ovarian dysfunction is fragile X mental retardation gene 1 (FMR1) premutation. The prevalence of FMR1 premutation in primary ovarian failure (POF) cases may differ between the studies due to some reasons including POF definition, definition of premutation, and determination of study population, ethnicity, genetic and environmental factors. In this study authors aimed to determine the prevalence of FMR1 mutations in patients who applied to present clinic and diagnosed as POF.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 200 women who had been newly diagnosed with POF in present clinic between 2013 and 2014. The presence of cytogenetic fragility was firstly investigated in all patients by using the lymphocyte culture method, and molecular analysis of the FMR1 gene was then performed. Genomic DNA’s of cases were isolated using standard protocols, followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification with an appropriate program. Fragment analysis of the amplification products were performed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results: Cytogenetic analysis results in 200 cases were numerically and structurally normal in all patients, and as a result of molecular genetic analysis of FMR1 gene; 1 (0.5%) patient had complete mutation and 9 (4.5%) patients had premutation carriage.Conclusions: FMR1 gene mutations are common in women with POF. These mutations should be investigated in all patients presenting with POF, particularly in cases with early onset and family history of POF, and also genetic counseling should be given to those patients.
A CHECKLIST OF THE SUBFAMILY MALOIDEAE (ROSACEAE)

A checklist of the economically and ecologically important subfamily Maloideae (Rosaceae) is presented. One thousand one hundred and ten species are recognised in 23 genera, as well as 33 species in 13 intergeneric hybrid genera. An alphabetic arrangement is used within each taxonomic rank. The larger genera are subdivided into infrageneric groupings to represent structure. Several new infrageneric taxa were created to reconcile different sources. This checklist is believed to be complete to 1986 and represents the compilation and synthesis of over 170 publications. The following new names are published: Crataegus series Henryanae Phipps, ser.nov. et stat.nov.; Crataegus section Hupehensis Phipps, sect.nov.; Crataegus series Hupehenses Phipps, ser.nov.; Crataegus section Lacrimatae Phipps, sect, et stat.nov.; Malacomeles paniculata (Rehder) Phipps, comb.nov.; Sorbus subgen. Micromeles (Decne.) Phipps, Robertson & Spongberg, subgen. et stat.nov.; Sorbus section Albo-carmesini H.A. McAllister, sect.nov.
Calidad del Agua Subterránea con Fines de Riego Suplementario en Argiudoles del Centro de Santa Fe, Argentina

Considerando que el agua subterranea usada para riego suplementario tiene caracteristicas quimicas variables que pueden afectar las propiedades del suelo, se trataron un Argiudol tipico (A1) y un Argiudol acuico (Ap), con aguas de riego artificiales de diferentes relaciones de adsorcion de sodio (RAS): 6,3; 11,0; 16,5; 21,5 y 24,3. Se analizo: carbono (Walckey Black); pH (1:2,5) (a pHmetro); capacidad de intercambio cationico (CIC), Ca2+, Mg2+ y H+ (volumetria) y Na+ y K+ (espectroscopia de emision atomica). Los objetivos del trabajo fueron: encontrar modelos de prediccion de porcentaje de sodio intercambiable (PSI) vs. RAS, pH vs. RAS y pH vs. Na adsorbido; analizar si existe un valor limite de Na adsorbido; determinar la evolucion de la materia organica y comparar PSI usando las ecuaciones predictivas obtenidas. No se encontro un valor limite de adsorcion de Na+ y si perdida de carbono con relacion al valor inicial. Se determinaron los siguientes modelos de prediccion: PSI vs. RAS: cuadratico para Ap (p . 0,0261; r2 aj = 0,839) y lineal para A1 (p < 10-4; r2 aj = 0,828), cuadraticos para pH vs. Na (p < 10-4; r2 aj = 0,991) para Ap y para A1 (p < 10-4 r2 aj = 0,995) y tambien cuadraticos para pH vs. RAS (p < 10-4; r2 aj = 0,979) para Ap y para A1 (p . 0,0011; r2 aj = 0,911). Usando las ecuaciones de prediccion se obtuvieron errores de PSI menores que con la ecuacion de Richards. Los modelos encontrados permiten diagnosticar el grado de sodificacion y el pH que adquieren los argiudoles estudiados sometidos a aguas de riego de diferentes RAS.
Emergence in Web-based Botnets Targeting Application Layer

Botnets are ever increasing day by day for malicious purposes. Most recent trends indicate harnessing application layer vulnerabilities or targets that benefit the bot masters. This paper briefs about the Application layer based botnet attacks. Such attacks include: Botnet based Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks that are the most common and prevalent security attacks specially generating application layer traffic; another attack for financial gain is pharming, phishing along with fast flux making botnet harder to track down. Click Frauds are yet another example employed using botnets and proxies to gain financially. Another monetary gain attack which has recently emerged is mining of crypto-currencies such as Bitcoin, Litecoins etc. This papers describes in general about botnets, their infrastructure, their use in DDoS attacks, pharming, fast fluxing, Cryptocurrency mining. This papers also gives an insight into the methods that can be used to prevent these types of attacks. General Terms Information Security, Computer network Keywords—Botnet, Digital Currencies, Identity Theft, DDoS Attacks, Pharming, Phishing, Web server, IRC, Fast flux attack, Click Fraud