Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a template-based puzzle generator for an educational programming game

Although there has been much work on procedural content generation for other game genres, very few researchers have tackled automated content generation for educational games. In this paper, we present a template-based, automatic puzzle generator for an educational puzzle programming game called BOTS. Two experts created their own new puzzles and evaluated generator-generated puzzles for meeting the educational goals, the structural and visual novelty. We show that our generator can generate puzzles with expert-designed educational goals while saving experts more than 80% of creation time, and these puzzles exhibit structural and visual novelty compared to expert-created puzzles. The contribution of this work is defined and implemented the first template-based automatic puzzle generator that saves expert time while incorporating expert-designed educational goals and enhancing puzzle creativity.
The spectrum of neurologic disease associated with anti‐GM1 antibodies

We compared anti-GM1 IgM antibody titers in patients with various neurologic diseases and in normal subjects. We found increased titers in patients with lower motor neuron disease, sensorimotor neuropathy, or motor neuropathy with or without multifocal conduction block. In patients with other diseases, titers are similar to those in normal individuals, suggesting that anti-GM1 antibody levels are not increased nonspecifically after neural injury or inflammatory diseases. Anti-GM1 antibodies in many of the patients occur as monoclonal gammopathies, predominantly of lambda light-chain type, but the antibodies are sometimes polyclonal with normal or increased serum IgM concentrations. Most of the anti-GM1 antibodies appear to react with the Gal(β1-3)GalNAc epitope which is shared with asialo-GM1 and GD1b, but in some patients the antibodies are more specific for GM1 and associated with motor neuropathy. Patients with motor or sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy or lower motor neuron disease should be tested for anti-GM1 antibodies or anti-Gal(β1-3)GalNAc antibodies, as therapeutic reduction in antibody concentrations was reported to result in clinical improvement in some patients.
Myonuclear domain size and myosin isoform expression in muscle fibres from mammals representing a 100 000‐fold difference in body size

This comparative study of myonuclear domain (MND) size in mammalian species representing a 100 000‐fold difference in body mass, ranging from 25 g to 2500 kg, was undertaken to improve our understanding of myonuclear organization in skeletal muscle fibres. Myonuclear domain size was calculated from three‐dimensional reconstructions in a total of 235 single muscle fibre segments at a fixed sarcomere length. Irrespective of species, the largest MND size was observed in muscle fibres expressing fast myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms, but in the two smallest mammalian species studied (mouse and rat), MND size was not larger in the fast‐twitch fibres expressing the IIA MyHC isofom than in the slow‐twitch type I fibres. In the larger mammals, the type I fibres always had the smallest average MND size, but contrary to mouse and rat muscles, type IIA fibres had lower mitochondrial enzyme activities than type I fibres. Myonuclear domain size was highly dependent on body mass in the two muscle fibre types expressed in all species, i.e. types I and IIA. Myonuclear domain size increased in muscle fibres expressing both the β/slow (type I; r= 0.84, P < 0.001) and the fast IIA MyHC isoform (r= 0.90; P < 0.001). Thus, MND size scales with body size and is highly dependent on muscle fibre type, independent of species. However, myosin isoform expression is not the sole protein determining MND size, and other protein systems, such as mitochondrial proteins, may be equally or more important determinants of MND size.
Biologia Plantarum Xx (x): Xxx-xxx, 20xx Cytosolic Gapdh: a Key Mediator in Redox Signal Transduction in Plants

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) serves not only as a key enzyme in glycolysis, but also as a multifunctional protein in other biological processes, especially in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Cytosolic GAPDH (GAPC) is a typical redox protein with selected catalytic cysteine, which undergoes reversible redox post-translational modifications (RPTMs) on its thiol group by reacting with hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide related species. Moreover, the modified GAPC may interact with certain signal transmitters such as phosphatidic acid, phospholipase D, and osmotic stress-activated protein kinase. All these observations suggest that GAPC serve as a key mediator in redox signal transduction in plants. In this review, we provide an up-to-date insight into molecular mechanisms after H 2 O 2-and NO-dependent oxidation of GAPC. We also discuss GAPC catalytic functions, and potential functions as a modified protein by RPTMs.
Analysis-the prevalence rate of Bronchial Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric patients attending Child Care Clinic in Tamilnadu

Bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are thought to share a common pathogenesis in many patients. There is no published population-based epidemiologic study about allergic diseases in south India. Analysis the prevalence rate of Bronchial Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in pediatric patients attending child care clinic. prospective study was carried based on the international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire in Erode, Tamil Nadu, Indian total of 537 patients were enrolled in this study, 519 (96.64%) patients were had symptoms of allergic rhinitis.511 (95.15%) patients were had symptoms of asthma, 493 (91.81%) patients had the symptoms of (comorbidity) both Allergic rhinitis and Asthma, severity of asthma 192 (35.74%) patients were suffered by severity of Mild intermittent asthma, 133 (24.76%) Mild persistent asthma, 119 (22.16%) Moderate persistent asthma, 85 (15.82%) severe persistent asthma. In allergic rhinitis 121(22.34%) patients not at all having nose problem also does not interfere with daily activity, 54(10.05) little nose problem also interfere with daily activity, moderate nose problem interfere with daily activity 42 (7.82%), only 8(1.48%) a lot of nose problem interfere with daily activity. The high prevalence of childhood asthma and AR co-morbidity in this area of Bhavani, Tamil nadu.
Morfogeneza, budowa i właściwości naczyń limfatycznych* Morphogenesis, structure and properties of lymphatic vessels

W pracy przedstawiono wspolczesne wyniki badan dotyczące budowy systemu naczyn chlonnych, sposobow powstawania naczyn podczas rozwoju osobniczego oraz w warunkach patologicznych, takich jak nowotworzenie, gojenie sie ran i innych zmian chorobowych. Najwazniejszą funkcją ukladu naczyn chlonnych jest zbieranie plynow, ktore przedostaly sie z ukladu krązenia do tkanek, przenikanie lipidow i witamin rozpuszczalnych w tluszczach z przewodu pokarmowego i ich dalszy transport, udzial w przemieszczaniu sie antygenow, komorek dendrytycznych i limfocytow. Tą drogą nastepuje tez przemieszczanie sie komorek nowotworowych i komorek zapalenia do wezlow chlonnych. Prawidlowe limfatyczne naczynia kapilarne roznią sie od wlosowatych naczyn krwionośnych obecnością nieciąglej blony podstawnej, brakiem pericytow, nieregularnym uksztaltowaniem światla naczynia z silnym zakotwiczeniem komorek środblonka za pomocą filamentow z fibryliny i emiliny do macierzy pozakomorkowej. Komorki środblonka naczyn limfatycznych wykazują ekspresje antygenow powierzchniowych: Lyve-1, podoplanina, VEGFR3 (Flk-4) oraz czynnika transkrypcyjnego Prox-1, a takze cząsteczek, ktore są wspolne dla środblonka naczyn krwionośnych i limfatycznych (CD31, CD34, Flk-1, Tie-1, Tie-2, neuropilina 2). Powstawanie naczyn chlonnych podczas rozwoju osobniczego rozpoczyna sie wytworzeniem woreczkow limfatycznych odpączkowujących z systemu pierwotnych zyl oraz/lub odbywa sie przez dolączenie komorek o cechach limfangioblastow (lub komorek pochodzenia hematopoetycznego). Moze takze byc wynikiem odroznicowania sie środblonkow zylnych w wyniku ich odszczepienia od systemu krązenia, migracji do miejsc docelowych i formowania światla naczyn chlonnych. Mechanizmy rządzące powstawaniem naczyn podczas rozwoju osobniczego oraz w stanach chorobowych, np. nowotworzenie, gojenie sie ran i inne, są sterowane czynnikami wzrostu, z ktorych dominującą role pelnią VEGF-C i VEGF-D, a takze HGF, FGF, kwas retinowy, IL-3, IL-7. Wydaje sie, ze makrofagi oraz komorki o fenotypie CD45 biorą udzial w powstawaniu naczyn limfatycznych. Udzial makrofagow polega na wyzwalaniu czynnikow wzrostu podczas limfangiogenezy oraz/lub regulowaniu średnicy naczyn limfatycznych. W pracy omowiono najwazniejsze choroby ukladu naczyn chlonnych, ich podloze molekularne oraz nowotwory wywodzące sie z naczyn limfatycznych.
Cellular normoxic biophysical markers of hydroxyurea treatment in sickle cell disease

Significance There exists a critical need for developing biomarkers reflecting clinical outcomes and for evaluating the effectiveness of treatments for sickle cell disease patients. Prior attempts to find such patient-specific markers have mostly relied upon chemical biomarkers or biophysical properties at hypoxia with limited success. We introduce unique biomarkers based on characterization of cellular biophysical properties at normoxia and show that these markers correlate sensitively with treatment using hydroxyurea (HU), the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for sickle cell disease patients. Our unique choice of cellular biophysical markers strongly correlates with mean cellular volume rather than fetal hemoglobin level, which provides insights into possible mechanisms through which HU treatment results in beneficial clinical outcomes. Hydroxyurea (HU) has been used clinically to reduce the frequency of painful crisis and the need for blood transfusion in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. However, the mechanisms underlying such beneficial effects of HU treatment are still not fully understood. Studies have indicated a weak correlation between clinical outcome and molecular markers, and the scientific quest to develop companion biophysical markers have mostly targeted studies of blood properties under hypoxia. Using a common-path interferometric technique, we measure biomechanical and morphological properties of individual red blood cells in SCD patients as a function of cell density, and investigate the correlation of these biophysical properties with drug intake as well as other clinically measured parameters. Our results show that patient-specific HU effects on the cellular biophysical properties are detectable at normoxia, and that these properties are strongly correlated with the clinically measured mean cellular volume rather than fetal hemoglobin level.
PENGARUH ASIMETRI INFORMASI, MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN KOMPENSASI BONUS TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA

ABSTRACT This research is aimed to examine the influence of asymmetric information, corporate governance mechanism, and bonus compensation to the earnings management. The research population is all consumer goods companies which are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2015 periods. The sample selection has been conducted by using purposive sampling method, and it has obtained as many as 63 observation. The statistic method has been carried out by using multiple regressions analysis. In this research, asymmetric information has been measured by using relative bid-ask spread, corporate governance mechanism has been measured by using factor score, and bonus compensation has been measured by using dummy which gives value 1 to companies that give bonuses and 0 for companies that do not give a bonus. Earning management has been measured by using modified jones model. The result of the research shows that simultaneously the asymmetric information, corporate governance mechanism and bonus compensation has significant influence to the earnings management. The result of partial test shows that asymmetric information has significant influence to the earnings management, bonus compensation has significant and positive influence to the earnings management, and corporate governance mechanism does not have any significant influence to the earnings management. Keywords: Asymmetric information, corporate governance mechanism, bonus compensation, earnings management.
Acquiring mobile robot behaviors by learning trajectory velocities with multiple FAM matrices

We describe an unsupervised robot learning method which is based on the robot learning a mapping between sensors and trajectory velocities. This enables the robot to acquire object avoidance, wall following and goal seeking behaviors simultaneously without incurring the credit assignment problem. To improve the robot's perception and behaviors we provide the robot with 7 fuzzy associative matrices (FAMs) so that sensors can be mapped to each trajectory independently. We provide results demonstrating how a mobile robot equipped with 16 sonar sensors is able to achieve improved perception and behaviors by using 7 FAMs to map sensors to trajectories.
Does state ownership hurt or help minority shareholders? International evidence from control block acquisitions

textabstractWe argue that state ownership is a crucial policy instrument for alleviating what is perhaps the most important principal-principal (PP) agency problem around the globe: private benefits of control (PBC). Our results illustrate that states reduce PBC in the companies in which they acquire controlling ownership positions. We also examine how legal and political institutions influence the extent to which states accomplish this goal. Anti-self-dealing legal regulations make states more effective in their efforts to constrain PBC, while political constraints make them less effective. Regimes with high state capacity appear not to prioritize PBC reduction. We test and corroborate these ideas in a sample of 1,354 control transactions across 54 countries.
Screw-fixing damages and screw-holding performance in particleboard exposed to the kitchen environment in the selected area of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor

Particleboard being the main building material for kitchen cabinet in Malaysia houses has shown some installation problems. The damages observed during installation are in the form of split holes, loose holes and delamination. Almost all of the sites visited have shown some damages of the particleboard during the screw fixing activities. Screw-holding performance test was done in the same condition checked at the selected site. The medium-class to upper-class residential building in Malaysia is generally equipped with air-conditioning units in order to provide thermal comfort to its occupants. It is usually limited to living room, dining room and bedroom. However, kitchens are sometimes being controlled thermally with air-conditioning units and thus are included as the material conditioning in this study. In collaboration with Signature Kitchen Sdn. Bhd. , twenty-eight (28) houses in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor selected were monitored and recorded for its average temperature and relative humidity (RH). The particleboards for the screw-holding performance tests were set to an air-conditioned room environment (20°C and 65% RH) and on-site environment (31.3°C and 72% RH). The screw-holding performance test were done on the face and edge surface. It was found that the properties have passed the European Standard (EN). It is concluded that the damages during installation was not cause by the kitchen environmental condition or the quality of particleboard.
Managing resource dependencies in electric vehicle supply chains: a multi-tier case study

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate dependencies that arise between companies during the ramp-up of production volume in the electric vehicle (EV) supply chain. Design/methodology/approach An inter-company case study method has been used. Data were collected via tours of manufacturing plants, workshops and interviews from multiple tiers in a supply chain, namely, a niche EV manufacturer, as well as two of its tier-one suppliers and five of its tier-two suppliers. Findings As production volumes increased, a more relational approach was found to be necessary in inter-company relationships. The authors’ research showed that key suppliers, in addition to providing the parts, pursued a supply chain orchestrator’s role by offering direct support and guidance to the niche EV manufacturer in designing and executing its development plans. Research limitations/implications The resource dependence theory (RDT) is used to analyse and explain the changing dependencies throughout the planning and execution of production ramp-up. Practical implications This study will help supply chain managers to better manage resource dependencies during production ramp-up. Originality/value This study explores dependencies during the early stages of the production ramp-up process in the EV sector, which is in itself in the early stages of evolution. RDT is used for the first time in this context. This study has moved beyond a simple dyadic context, by providing empirical insights into the actions taken by an EV manufacturer and its suppliers, towards a multi-tier supply chain context, to better manage resource dependencies.
INTERSECTION DETECTION BASED ON QUALITATIVE SPATIAL REASONING ON STOPPING POINT CLUSTERS

The purpose of this research is to propose and test a method for detecting intersections by analysing collectively acquired trajectories of moving vehicles. Instead of solely relying on the geometric features of the trajectories, such as heading changes, which may indicate turning points and consequently intersections, we extract semantic features of the trajectories in form of sequences of stops and moves. Under this spatiotemporal prism, the extracted semantic information which indicates where vehicles stop can reveal important locations, such as junctions. The advantage of the proposed approach in comparison with existing turning-points oriented approaches is that it can detect intersections even when not all the crossing road segments are sampled and therefore no turning points are observed in the trajectories. The challenge with this approach is that first of all, not all vehicles stop at the same location – thus, the stop-location is blurred along the direction of the road; this, secondly, leads to the effect that nearby junctions can induce similar stop-locations. As a first step, a density-based clustering is applied on the layer of stop observations and clusters of stop events are found. Representative points of the clusters are determined (one per cluster) and in a last step the existence of an intersection is clarified based on spatial relational cluster reasoning, with which less informative geospatial clusters, in terms of whether a junction exists and where its centre lies, are transformed in more informative ones. Relational reasoning criteria, based on the relative orientation of the clusters with their adjacent ones are discussed for making sense of the relation that connects them, and finally for forming groups of stop events that belong to the same junction.
Reliability Improvement and Reliability Assessment for Distributed Hardware-Software Multi-Agent Systems

The problem of reliability of new object of distributed hardware software (DHS) multi-agent system (MAS) is considered. DHS MAS is determined as a system that is based on agent technologies and consists of both agents and hardware components required for execution of agents and for interaction of agents with an environment. Reliability improvement, fault-recovery and several reliability assessment approaches for DHS MAS are presented. The reliability improvement methodology is built upon replication of unique functional components and redundancy of universal components. The fault-recovery methodology defines a set of fault-recovery procedures required for restoration of consistent system configuration after failures of its components. Methodology for operability function formation was developed to enable utilization of logicaland-probabilistic methods for reliability assessment. Another approach for reliability assessment is based on Markovian model and system state graph and was developed to overcome limitations of logical-andprobabilistic methods that are suitable only for systems with hot standby. The state graph based approach allows reliability assessment for DHS MAS with cold standby and different operating modes of system components. The state graph based approach is also applicable for a case when probability of failure of one of components depends on states of other components. New failure model for determination of failure rates of system components in accordance with system state is introduced. Computing experiments described in the article have validated developed methodologies. Key-Words: multi-agent system, reliability, fault-recovery, operability function, redundancy, state graph, logical-and-probabilistic method
Impact of channel errors on single-layer and two-layer HDR video transmission architectures in error prone networks

Although High Dynamic Range (HDR) content can provide an enhanced immersive experience for end-users, the impact of channel errors on its perception is unclear due to the lack of a standardized HDR video distribution framework. This paper presents an assessment of the robustness of the two main HDR video distribution architectures, the single-layer 10-bit scheme and the two-layer 8-bit backward-compatible scheme, in terms of their perceived quality in an error prone transmission network. In order to approximate a realistic distribution scenario, the state-of-the-art error concealment approaches are implemented at the HDR decoder with drop packets during the transmission. Results suggest that the single-layer architecture is more robust to channel errors compared to the two-layer architecture. However, the results reveal that with an efficient concealment approach in an enhancement layer, the backward-compatible two-layer coding architecture has potential to outperform the single-layer coding architecture which can lead to new directions of HDR research.
Chronic hepatitis D: A vanishing disease? An Italian multicenter study

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) was responsible for a high proportion of cases of acute and chronic liver disease in Southern Europe during the 1970s. Some data suggest that by the 1990s HDV circulation had substantially declined. We have assessed the prevalence of HDV infection and its clinical impact in 834 Italian hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in 1997. Anti‐HDV antibodies were sought in all consecutive chronic HBsAg carriers observed in 14 referral liver units throughout Italy. Risk factors for anti‐HDV positivity were evaluated. Anti‐HDV antibodies were found in 69 of 834 (8.3%) HBsAg‐positive patients. Cohabitation with an anti‐HDV–positive subject, intravenous drug addiction, residence in the South of the country, and the presence of cirrhosis were independently associated with the presence of anti‐HDV antibodies. The overall prevalence of anti‐HDV antibodies was lower than those observed in 2 multicenter surveys performed in 1987 and 1992 (23% and 14%, respectively). By 1997, the percentage of anti‐HDV–positive subjects had sharply decreased in the 30 to 50 years age group, whereas it was almost unchanged in subjects over 50 years of age. The highest prevalence of anti‐HDV antibodies (11.7%) was found in patients with cirrhosis. This prevalence was as high as 40% in the 1987 study. The circulation of HDV sharply decreased in Italy, by 1.5% per year, from 1987 to 1997. This decrease resulted mainly from the reduction in chronic HDV infections in the young, for whom high morbidity and mortality rates were recorded in the past. The results anticipate the almost complete control of HDV infection in the near future.