Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulating Effects of Temperature and Moisture on Carbon Emission of Permafrost Peatland in Mohe, China

The response of stores of carbon in peatland to global warming is a major uncertainty in predicting the future carbon budget. We used a short-term laboratory incubation to simulate effects on the potential CO 2 emission of peatland soil in Mohe, China under soil temperature (5, 10 15 and 20degC) and soil moisture (0, 30, 60, 100%WHC and completely water saturated). The rates of peat carbon mineralized decreased greatly in the earlier phase, but became stabile after 20 days and total carbon mineralization ranged 20.04 to 112.92 mg across sites and experiment treatments. Carbon mineralization rates decreased with soil depth, increased with temperature and reached highest rates at 60%WHC at the same temperature for all treatments. The calculated Q 10 values ranged from 1.878 to 2.181, varying with the soil depths and soil moisture. The sensitivity of C flux to moisture depend on temperature. However the Q 10 was not significantly affected by soil moisture and depth. We developed a two compartment model to predict the measured CO 2 emission as a multiplicative function of temperature and moisture and the model predicted C flux very well (R 2 >0.888, P<0.001). Our results indicate that the Mohe peatlands would lead to a positive feedback effect on climate change. It is necessary to include such responses in models science they might represent a potential C emission source to peatland ecosystem.
RNA interference-mediated silencing of Sod2 in Drosophila leads to early adult-onset mortality and elevated endogenous oxidative stress

Oxidative stress has been widely implicated as an important factor in the aging process. Because mitochondrial respiration is the principal source of reactive oxygen within cells, the mitochondrially localized superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2 is thought to play an important front-line defensive role against aging-related oxidative stress. Although genetic studies with mutants deficient in SOD1, the predominantly cytosolic isoform of SOD, have been instrumental in elucidating the role of reactive oxygen metabolism in aging in Drosophila, the lack of available mutations in the Sod2 gene has hampered an equivalent analysis of the participation of this important antioxidant enzyme in the Drosophila aging model. Here we report that ablation of mitochondrial SOD2 through expression of a GAL4-regulated, inverted-repeat Sod2 RNA-interference transgene in an otherwise normal animal causes increased endogenous oxidative stress, resulting in loss of essential enzymatic components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, enhances sensitivity to applied oxidative stress, and causes early-onset mortality in young adults. In sharp contrast, ablation of SOD2 has no overt effect on the development of larvae and pupae, which may reflect a fundamental transition in oxygen utilization and/or reactive oxygen metabolism that occurs during metamorphosis from larval to adult life.
Channel Interleavers for Terrestrial Broadcast: Analysis and Design

A method to design channel interleavers based on span properties and mutual information is presented. Resulting interleavers enjoy better burst error control and can mitigate the effect of regular error patterns. An application example based on the 2nd generation digital video broadcasting terrestrial (DVB-T2) standard is elaborated. Four channel interleaving structures are generated, resulting from a joint optimization of the interleaver span properties in the time and frequency domains, while guaranteeing good interaction with the bit interleaver. Proposed solutions are compared to the standardized DVB-T2 channel interleaver in terms of performance, latency, and complexity. A significant improvement can be observed in severe channel conditions, especially over time and frequency-selective channels with erasures. Moreover, the complexity and latency of the proposed channel interleavers are reduced compared to the original DVB-T2.
Similarity Between Metazoan Parasite Communities of Two Sympatric Brackish Fish Species From Brazil

Between March 2000 and February 2003, 63 specimens of Genidens barbus and 69 specimens of Aspistor luniscutis (Siluriformes: Ariidae), sympatric species from the coastal zone of Angra dos Reis (23°01′S, 44°19′W), RJ, Brazil, were necropsied to study their metazoan parasite communities. Parasite community descriptors were calculated and possible similarities statistically tested. Twenty-two species of metazoan parasites were identified, 15 species from G. barbus and 16 associated with A. luniscutis. Nine species were common to both host species; 4 of them exhibited significant differences in terms of abundance and prevalence. Mean total abundance, species richness, diversity, evenness, and Berger–Parker dominance values were not significantly different in the 2 species of fish. Similarity within parasite infracommunities showed highest homogeneity in A. luniscutis. The parasite infracommunities of A. luniscutis and G. barbus were characterized by ectoparasite dominance and scarcity of species with high prevalence. Nevertheless, low values of similarity were observed between infracommunities, and evidence for 2 distinct infracommunities groups was found.
[Stress relief of the hip joint by the Thomas splint].

The Thomas Splint is mainly administered to relieve weight from the hip joint. Theoretically the leg is bypassed by transmitting the body weight directly from the pelvis to the floor. --Load transmission via a Thomas Splint was measured with an orthosis strain gauged at the ischial interface area and at the foot plate. The results show, that about one half of the weight will bypass the joint through the orthosis. The Thomas splint ist unsuitable in cases when complete weight relief from the hip joint is necessary. --These results did not depend on whether the floor was flat or ascending, or whether stairs were climbed. The lateral bar never carried more then 25% of the force transmitted.
Graph‐based methods for protein structure comparison

While sequence‐based methods are widely used as reliable tools for protein function prediction in general, these methods are likely to fail in cases of low sequence similarity. This is due to the fact that proteins with low sequence similarity may nevertheless have similar functions and exhibit similar structures. In such cases, structure‐based comparison methods can help to provide further insights owing to the widely accepted paradigm that structure mirrors function. Moreover, thanks to the steady increase in structural information with the advent of structural genomic projects and the steady improvements in structure prediction, these methods are becoming more and more applicable. Many structure‐based approaches to the comparative analysis of proteins and the inference of protein function rely on graph formalisms for modeling protein structures and, correspondingly, employ graph‐theoretic algorithms for analyzing and comparing such structures. This review is devoted to approaches of that kind and presents an overview of the most important graph‐based algorithms.
Aqueous drainage paths in the equine eye: Scanning electron microscopy of corrosion cast

The anterior vasculature of the pony eye was examined by the corrosion cast method. The anterior segment of the pony eye has a vascular pattern which is similar but distinct from that of other mammalian species. Large iridal veins collateralized directly with the anterior vortex venous system. The intrascleral plexus was present but formed a fine, radially oriented, extensive network. This contrasted to the circumferential larger‐diameter intrascleral plexus noted in dogs and the canal of Schlemm present in primates. The intrascleral plexus only drained posteriorly in the pony as compared to that in other species where anterior collateralizations have been described. The pattern of aqueous outflow was found to have relevance clinically in veterinary medicine and could provide insight into the frequent occurrence and treatment of equine recurrent uveitis as well as diseases of the posterior segment.
Effects of size and shape (aspect ratio) on the hemodynamics of saccular aneurysms: a possible index for surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to explore the relationship between the characteristic geometry of aneurysms prone to rupture and the blood flow patterns therein, using microsurgically produced aneurysms that simulated human middle cerebral artery aneurysms in scale and shape. METHODS We measured in vivo velocity profiles using our 20-MHz, 80-channel, Doppler ultrasound velocimeter. We produced small (< or =5 mm, 5 cases) and large (6-13 mm, 12 cases) aneurysms with round, dumbbell, or multilobular shapes. RESULTS The fundamental patterns of intra-aneurysmal flow were composed of inflow, circulating flow, and outflow. The inflow, which entered the aneurysm only during the systolic phase, was strongly influenced by the position and size of the neck and the flow ratio into the distal branches. The outflow was usually nonpulsatile and of low velocity. The circulating flow depended on the aspect ratio (depth/neck width). A single recirculation zone was observed in aneurysms with aspect ratios of less than 1.6. This circulation did not seem to extend to areas with aspect ratios greater than this value; in aneurysms with aspect ratios of more than 1.6, a much slower circulation was observed near the dome. Furthermore, in the dome of dumbbell-shaped aneurysms and daughter aneurysms, no flow was detected. Intra-aneurysmal flow was determined by the aspect ratio, rather than the aneurysm size. CONCLUSION The localized, extremely low-flow condition that was observed in the dome of aneurysms with aspect ratios of more than 1.6 is a common flow characteristic in the geometry of ruptured aneurysms, so great care should be taken for patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms with aspect ratios of more than 1.6.
Distributed Consensus of Second-Order Multi-Agent Systems With Heterogeneous Unknown Inertias and Control Gains Under a Directed Graph

In this paper, we study the consensus problem for second-order multi-agent systems with heterogeneous unknown inertias and control gains under a general directed graph. Unlike the existing consensus algorithms for second-order multi-agent systems in which all agents are assumed to have common unit inertias or share common control gains, we allow the inertias and the control gains to be heterogeneous and time-varying for each agent. We propose fully distributed consensus algorithms over a general directed graph when there exist, respectively, absolute velocity damping and relative velocity damping. Novel integral-type Lyapunov functions are proposed to study the consensus convergence. Moreover, the adaptive σ-modification schemes for the gain adaptation are proposed, which renders smaller control gains and thus requires smaller amplitude on the control input without sacrificing consensus convergence. Furthermore, we show that one proposed algorithm also works for consensus of agents with intrinsic Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics. The control gains are varying and updated by distributed adaptive laws. As a result, the proposed algorithms require no global information and thus can be implemented in a fully distributed manner.
The analyzing on design model of modern Chinese furniture based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Based on the analysis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the paper explored the method of product design which takes five levels of human needs as the starting point. And then combined with the dual attributes of modern Chinese furniture on industrial product and cultural product, the paper studied and proposed the design model of modern Chinese furniture based on hierarchy of needs, which can provide with cross-references to design practice.
Information in the knowledge acquisition process

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an appropriate symbolic representation, as well as its metaphorical interpretation, to illustrate the special role of information in the knowledge acquisition process. Design/methodology/approach Besides the literature review, this is a speculative study based on a symbolic and metaphorical point of view. Findings The proposed symbolic representation was derived from the conceptual designation of information “as a flow” and, accordingly, by the corresponding redrawing of the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) pyramid. The knowledge acquisition process is symbolically represented by the growth of a “tree of knowledge” which is planted on a “data earth,” filled with “information sap” and lit by the rays of the “sun of the mind,” a new symbol of the concept of wisdom in the DIKW model. As indicated, a key concept of this metaphorical interpretation is the role of “information sap” which rises from the roots of the “tree of knowledge” to the top of the tree and it is recognized as an invisible link between “world of data” and “world of knowledge. ” This concept is also proposed as a new symbolic representation of the DIKW model. Originality/value On the basis of specific symbolic-metaphorical representation, this paper provides a relatively new concept of information which may help bridge observed gaps in the understanding of information in various scientific fields, as well as in its understanding as an objective or subjective phenomenon.
A Note on One Secure Anti-Collusion Data Sharing Scheme for Dynamic Groups in the Cloud

We remark that the scheme [IEEE TPDS, 27(1), 2016, 40-50] is flawed because the group manager cannot complete his computational task in the registration phase. Actually, they have misunderstood the concept of public key which is usually associated with an asymmetric encryption algorithm. Besides, the mechanism that the group manager has to re-encrypt all data stored in the cloud after a member is revoked, is somewhat infeasible because of its inefficiency.
[Intranasal administration of low dosage recombinant human erythropoietin inhibits seizure in rats].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of intranasal administration of low dosage recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on seizure in rats. METHODS After intranasal or intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO, the behavioral and electroencephalographic changes were observed in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizure or electrical amygdaloid-kindled seizure of rats. RESULT Intranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO increased the seizure latency, and decreased the seizure grade and duration, and the number of convulsive episodes in PTZ induced seizure, with the most potential dosage of 2.4 IU. Intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO (3 000, 4 000 IU/kg) only decreased the seizure duration and number of convulsive episodes. The seizure grade, forelimb or hindlimb extension duration were decreased in MES-induced seizure by intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO. In addition, intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO decreased the seizure grade, generalized seizure duration and afterdischarge in electrical amygdaloid-kindled rats stimulated with generalized seizure threshold. CONCLUSION Intranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO can inhibit the seizure in rats.
Coexistence of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Hereditary Multiple Exostoses:Coincidence or Association

Coexisting ankylosing spondylitis and hereditary multiple exostoses have rarely been reported (three patients) previously. A 27-year-old man with hereditary multiple exostoses is presented as a fourth report. At the age of 15 years, the patient had multiple exostoses around the knee, ankle and shoulder joints. He was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis 3 years ago. The patient’s sister and his 3 brothers also have multiple exostoses without any family history of spondyloarthropathy or inflammatory arthritis. The aim of this report is to discuss an interesting coexistence of these two diseases. The increasing number of reported patients who have a coexistence of these two diseases might suggest that the association of these two diseases is stronger than a coincidence.
Adrenalectomy‐induced cell death in the dentate gyrus: Further characterisation using TUNEL and effects of the Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, and ginkgolide B

This study investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of the Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb‐761, and ginkgolide B, on adrenalectomy (ADX)‐induced cell death in the dentate gyrus (DG). Adrenalectomised, sham surgery‐treated, and naive controls received either EGb‐761 (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg), 0.9% saline vehicle control, ginkgolide B (10 or 25 mg/kg), or a polyethylene glycol vehicle control, i.p, daily for 6 days postsurgery. Cell death in the DG was determined by in situ labelling of DNA fragments, using the TUNEL method; sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. Radioimmunoassay was used to confirm a decrease in plasma corticosterone (CORT) after ADX. TUNEL‐positive granule cells were observed in the DG at 1 week, but not at 24 h, post‐ADX. The rate of granule cell death at this time was highest in the suprapyramidal blade and increased in a crest tip and a rostrotemporal gradient. Whereas CORT replacement completely prevented the occurrence of TUNEL‐positive granule cells, EGb‐761 and ginkgolide B did not, at any of the doses used. These results suggest that these drugs may not have substantial neuroprotective effects in the ADX model of neurodegeneration. Hippocampus 2003;13:212–225. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Whole Body Counting Facility in a Remote Enewetak Island Setting

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has recently implemented a series of strategic initiatives to address long-term radiological surveillance needs at former U.S. test sites in the Marshall Islands. The plan is to engage local atoll communities in developing shared responsibilities for implementing radiation protection programs for resettled and resettling populations. As part of this new initiative, DOE agreed to design and construct a radiological laboratory on Enewetak Island, and help develop the necessary local resources to maintain and operate the facility. This cooperative effort was formalized in August 2000 between the DOE, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), and the Enewetak/Ujelang Local Atoll Government (EULGOV). The laboratory facility was completed in May 2001. The laboratory incorporates both a permanent whole body counting system to assess internal exposures to 137Cs, and clean living space for people providing 24-h void urine samples. DOE continues to provide on-going technical assistance, training, and data quality review while EULGOV provides manpower and infrastructure development to sustain facility operations on a full-time basis. This paper will detail the special construction, transportation and installation issues in establishing a whole body counting facility in an isolated, harsh environmental setting.
Low-Power Built-In Self-Test Techniques for Embedded SRAMs

The severity of power consumption during parallel BIST of embedded memory cores is growing significantly. In order to alleviate this problem, a row bank-based precharge technique based on the divided wordline (DWL) architecture is proposed for low-power testing of embedded SRAMs. The memory cell array is first divided into row banks. The eectiveness of the row bank-based precharge technique is due to the predictable address sequence during test. In low-power test mode, instead of precharging the entire memory array, only the current accessed row bank is precharged. This will result in significant power saving for the precharge circuitry. The precharge power can be reduced to 1/b of that of the traditional precharge techniques, where b denotes the number of row banks in the memory array. With simple transmission gates and inverters, the modified precharge control circuitry was also designed. The hardware overhead for implementing the low-power technique is almost negligible. Moreover, the corresponding BIST design to implement the low-power technique is almost the same as the conventional BIST designs. It is also notable that the inherent low-power characteristics of the DWL architecture can be preserved. According to experimental results, 48.9% power reduction can be achieved for a 256 × 256 bit-oriented SRAM. The memory is divided into 8 row banks. Moreover, if the number of row banks increases, the power saving will also increase.
Recurrent Cardiovascular Events Despite Antiplatelet Therapy in a Patient with Polycythemia Vera and Accelerated Platelet Turnover

Patient: Male, 58 Final Diagnosis: STEMI Symptoms: Angina pectoris Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Hematology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Clopidogrel is commonly used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events. However, despite clopidogrel treatment, some patients experience recurrent ischemic events. Case Report: We present the case of a 58-year-old man with polycythemia vera and concomitant thrombocytosis who suffered 6 episodes of cerebral infarctions and 1 myocardial infarction, despite treatment with clopidogrel. Following his last ischemic event, the antiplatelet therapy was intensified from initially clopidogrel monotherapy to dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 75 mg once daily and ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily. Since then, no cardiovascular event has been reported. Conclusions: This case report illustrates that insufficient platelet inhibition with clopidogrel monotherapy in a patient with thrombocytosis may be associated with recurrent arterial thrombosis. The exact reasons for the insufficient platelet inhibition are not known, but a plausible explanation may be an accelerated platelet turnover reflected by an increased number of immature platelets in this patient. The findings in this case indicate that further studies are warranted to determine the role of immature platelets as markers of accelerated platelet turnover and poor response to antiplatelet treatment.
What's new in local anesthesia?

ain control is an absolutely essential part of the successful practice of dentistry in the 1990s. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine most dental care being tolerated without adequate pain control. Images conjured up of such situations include the infamous scene in the 1976 movie Marathon Man, in which Sir Laurence Olivier attempts to determine "Is it safe? " from Dustin Hoffman through the use of a dental drill entering into the pulp of an unanesthetized tooth. Seconds after Hoffman's screams stop, Olivier applies oil of cloves (eugenol) to the tooth, and the pain ceases instantly. "The choice is yours," he tells Hoffman, "pain or relief. " Dentistry is fortunate in that it possesses an abundance of excellent agents for the relief of perioperative and postoperative pain associated with the delivery of dental care. The category of drugs known as local anesthetics serves us extremely well. Local anesthetics represent, as Dr. Edward Driscoll so aptly stated, the backbone of pain control techniques in dentistry. Other techniques of pain control may come and go, but the tried and true techniques of local anesthesia and local anesthetic drugs withstand these temporary challenges, and continue to be the first technique called upon by dentists worldwide when pain control is necessary. In this paper, I will discuss three aspects of local anesthetic drugs: a brief review of their development, current trends in the use of local anesthetics, and future developments in the area of local anesthetic drugs.