Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the thermal state of NW Kyushu mantle using primitive basalts

The critical aspect of the debate regarding whether a mantle plume exists or not is temperature. If a plume exists it should have temperature higher than convecting upper mantle since it comes from deeper parts of the mantle e.g., the 660-km discontinuity or the core-mantle boundary. If intraplate basalts are formed by mantle plumes, as many authors assume, primitive basalts should have melting temperatures higher than MORB and subduction zone basalts formed by shallow mantle convection. The results of previous melting experiments of peridotites and pyroxenites suggest that the compositions of partial melts depend on temperature. Thus, the petrochemistry of primitive intraplate basalts can tell us whether their source is abnormally hot or not. My colleague and I have estimated source temperatures of the northwest Kyushu basalts, southwest Japan (Higo & Mashima, 2004; Mashima, 2005).
DESIGN OF STUDENT ’S WORKSHEET BASED ON THE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE THE COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS

Communication is one of the important skills in learning in the 21st-century. Learners who have low communicative skills will lead to difficulties in completing the evaluation as well as to the UN about HOTS type that should be resolved. A learning device that does not load communicative skills has an impact on the effectiveness of the learning process. Worksheet learners who are not yet integrated mathematical communication skills will hinder the achievement of learning objectives. This study aimed to analyze the needs of teaching materials that fit the character learners to improve communicative skills. This study uses a qualitative method. Subjects were learners SMP 1 Banguntapan. The research object is thought communicative approach Jigsaw cooperative learning model and worksheets learners. Instrument data collection using observation, written tests, and questionnaires. Analysis of the data using the Miles-Huberman consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The study gives some results. Teachers require teaching materials through the model of learning and teaching materials. Teachers also require teaching materials that integrate thinking communicative skills. The communicative skills of learners are still low. Teachers need instructional materials through the characteristics of learners. Learners have difficulty in learning the material geometrical flat side. Teachers require materials that can improve communicative skills. This research can be developed on the development of learners' worksheets approach Jigsaw to improve communicative skills. Index of Terms-Jigsaw, communicative skills, LKPD ————————————————————
Manubriosternal tuberculous osteoarthritis in a patient living with HIV

Tuberculous Osteoarthritis can affect the manubriosternal joint. It is usually associated with an immunosuppressive state. Our aim of reporting this case is to bring the relatively rare condition in Nigeria to awareness, thereby calling for attention whenever it occurs. A 35-year old man with a left chest swelling of 5months duration. There was associated chest pain, weight loss, cough and night sweat. Examination revealed a fluctuant and diffuse left manubriosternal mass. Blood test revealed leucocyte count of 4000cells/mm 3 with relative lymphocytosis, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) of 129mm/hr (Westergreen) and positive retroviral screening. Chest radiographs revealed features suggestive of left milliary tuberculosis. Imaging plays a useful role in the evaluation of patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis and this should be analyzed side by side with relevant clinical and laboratory findings. Mycobacterial confirmation is needed to establish the diagnosis of osteoarticular TB.
National Health Insurance implications for rehabilitation professionals and service delivery

This paper reviews the National Health Insurance (NHI) in view of what is proposed and authors suggest how it may impact on the rehabilitation sector namely occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech and language therapy and audiology. A review of the basic description of the NHI and the different elements is presented. Particular attention is paid to how much interface and mention is made of rehabilitation. The current status of rehabilitation service provision and its response to the needs of the population, in particular the burden of disease and the related finance models are discussed. Suggestions are presented for the way forward to ensure rehabilitation professionals and services rendered are not caught flat footed.
Performance Comparative Study of DSDV, E-DSDV, I-DSDV and O-DSDV MANET Routing Protocols

—A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic single or multi-hop wireless network where nodes are connected wirelessly, and the network is self-configured. Due to the high mobility of nodes, network topology changes more frequently and thus, routing becomes a challenging task. Several routing protocols have been proposed by the researchers for MANETs like the well-known Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) and its variants. It is a table-driven routing protocol that was mainly proposed to solve routing loop problems and it performs very well in sparse and low mobility environments. However, it suffers from several performance issues when implemented on high and dense MANETs. A number of modifications of DSDV have been proposed to make it more adaptive and suitable for different environments. In this paper, the performance of DSDV, E-DSDV, I-DSDV, and O-DSDV routing protocols is compared. The performance metrics that were considered in this analysis are packet delivery ratio, throughput, End-to-End delay, and routing overhead. Several simulation scenarios were carried out using the Network Simulator tool (NS3) by varying the number of nodes, pause time and velocity. The simulation results have shown that I-DSDV outperforms the others in low mobility scenarios, whereas O-DSDV has the best performance in high velocity environments.
3.SIMULATION OF PATCH ANTENNA INTEGRATED WITH EBG

The incorporation of number of unit cells in EBG arrangement produces two major side effects on the performance of patch antenna. First one is parasitic loading, this causes multi resonance in antenna hence obtains some enhancement in antenna band width. Second one is cavity effect, this reflects some of energy from EBG toward antenna which results in reducing bandwidth. Present paper, rectangular microstrip patch antenna is surrounded by number of EBG rows is designed; and the results of proposed antenna with a conventional patch antenna is presented comparatively.
What is the impact of ICT on CO2 emissions?

This paper uses macroeconomic methods to investigate the link between information and communication technologies (ICT) and carbon dioxide emissions at a global level. Previous literature reveals that such technologies have negative as well as positive effects on the environment. Negative direct effects through its direct use and production through the energy and materials it consumes. Positive indirect effects which creates a potential to mitigate human activity’s impact on the environment through creating more efficient production and distribution processes, and negative rebound effects, that offset efficiency gains with increased consumption. Although these effects have been investigated extensively, there is no consensus on the net effect of ICT on the environment on a global level. To this end, this study uses macroeconomic methods to investigate ICT’s net impact on CO2 emissions on a global level, through a panel analysis of 130 countries for the years 2000-2016 with two different measures of ICT: mobile usage and ICT capital. The mobile usage is measured with number of unique subscribers as share of population, and the ICT capital is measured through an index composed by the ICT capital stock and ICT capital services. Findings suggest that ICT usage is associated with increased CO2 emissions at time of implementation, but that it has potential to lower the emissions from three years after reaching high levels of use of ICT. No significant impact of the ICT capital on CO2 emissions is found. Acknowledgements Thank you Professor Biagio Speciale for supervising this dissertation. I want to thank Harald Edquist for his engagement and invaluable advice throughout the work of this dissertation. I would also like to extend a thank you to Pernilla Bergmark and Jens Malmodin for inputs and guidance.
Best practice to identify and prevent cognitive bias in clinical decision-making

Background. The Centre for Clinical Effectiveness was requested to identify best practice to effectively prevent and or manage cognitive bias. Objective. The objective of this review was to identify best practice to effectively prevent, reduce, manage, cognitive bias in clinical decision making? Related questions included: What is cognitive bias? What is the influence/impact of cognitive bias on diagnostic accuracy, management errors and patient outcomes? What strategies have been evaluated to reduce, manage and prevent cognitive bias? Method. Literature was included from studies that involved any patient group and any clinician type (doctors, nurses, allied health) involved in making decisions about clinical care were included. The premise of an included study needed to focus on the concept of cognitive bias or cognitive errors in the hospital setting. Peer reviewed and grey literature were included if published in English from 2014 to present. A search of Google and Medline was undertaken using a combination of relevant search terms including cognitive bias, management, reduction and prevention. Search results were screened by one reviewer in consultation with colleagues as necessary. Results. This literature review identified three systematic reviews [1-3] and one RCT [4]. An additional four narrative reviews were included to provide background theory and discussions points [5-8]. Defining Cognitive Bias. Cognitive bias describes a variety of unconscious influences, short cuts and behaviours which influence our decision making [2, 4]. These “cognitive shortcuts” are useful tools for “fast and frugal” decision making as they “employ a minimum of time, knowledge, and computation to make adaptive choices in real environments” [2]. Scoping Review
IFAD RESEARCH SERIES 47 Landscapes of Rural Youth Opportunity

This paper is motivated by the consistent portrayal, within current policy discourse, of agriculture and the broader rural economy in Africa as domains of opportunity for rural youth. It presents a new conceptualization of landscapes of rural youth opportunity, where these landscapes reflect an individual’s reading of the complex interplay between economic geography; local history, agrarian relations, institutions and politics; social and cultural norms; family influences; education and experience; aspirations and preferences; and access to resources. The argument is that it is essential to acknowledge the importance of opportunity structures, and avoid anything that suggests that individual characteristics, such as agency, aspirations, skills, entrepreneurial behaviour and “good choices” should be the primary considerations in relation to an “investing in youth” strategy. The paper also presents new empirical analysis of young people’s engagement with the rural economy using LSMS data from six African countries.
thE SPAtIo-tEMPoRAL PAttERn of SUbSIdEnCE In thE Po bASIn MonItoREd by dIffEREnt tEChnIqUES

MonItoREd by dIffEREnt tEChnIqUES N. Cenni12, F. Loddo3, F. Zucca4, C. Meisina4, P. Baldi1 , M.E. Belardinelli1 , M. Bacchetti1, E. Mantovani5, M. Viti5, G. Casula3, S. Stramondo6, P. Severi7, L. Pierini7, F. Bonsignore8 1 Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Italy 2 Dipartimento Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Italy 3 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Bologna, Italy 4 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Italy 5 Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Italy 6 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma Italy 7 Servizio Geologico, Sismico e dei Suoli della Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy 8 ARPA Emilia Romagna, Bologna Italy
Enzymes Activities in Two Sizes of Clarias. Gariepinus Exposed to on Farm Stress

The enzyme activities in the plasma of C. gariepinus juveniles and adults subjected to handling stress in the laboratory was carried out. Blood samples were collected from the fish and analyzed with standard methods. Results obtained indicate that Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alanine transaminase (ALT), and Aspartate transaminase (AST) were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in all the handling procedures under consideration. These alterations were more pronounced in the fish exposed to starvation and sorting. An indication that fish exposed to these handling activities were more stressed than fish in procedures.
Forced to Stay in School: Does it Pay Off? Private Returns to Vocational Education in the Netherlands

This paper questions the widespread view that having an upper secondary diploma results in higher earnings. Using unique and complete administrative panel data from vocational education in the Netherlands, we compare the earnings of high school graduates to the earnings of high school dropouts. Hereby, we exploit an educational policy reform in 2007 in which the compulsory education age was extended from the age of 17 until the age of 18 years. In contrast to the widespread view, our findings suggest that obtaining a vocational diploma does not lead to significantly higher earnings. We find a small effect of 2.4% that is not statistically significant. We suggest modularization as a potential mechanism to explain zero returns to schooling. A modular vocational system may result in students enhancing their productivity in some parts of the curriculum needed to reside in the labour market, without obtaining the actual qualification.
Global Shocks, Costly Adjustment, and Political Overshooting

We examine the influence of costly adjustment on democratic political responses, and demonstrate the potential for political overshooting, in which unanticipated exogenous shocks generate radical policy reactions that gradually diminish over time. Our dynamic political economy model features overlapping generations, heterogeneous workers, endogenous investment decisions, and costly adjustment to shocks. In an application to trade policy, we show that beginning from a ‘political steady state’ in which the median voter votes to maintain the status quo, an exogenous economic shock – for instance, China’s accession to the WTO – can induce a dramatic increase in protectionism that overshoots the new steady state level before converging to the new policy regime. The magnitude of political overshooting increases both with economic inequality and with the extent of frictions in workers’ abilities to adjust to changing economic conditions. In contrast, political inequality – democratic disenfranchisement of lower-skill/lower-wage workers – reduces the potential for populist pressure that leads to political overshooting. Dramatic political swings may be a signal, then, of both economic inequality and healthy democracy.
A Decade of Expanding Rural Health and Human Services to the Underserved: The National Consortium of Telehealth Resource Centers

For a decade, the National Consortium of Telehealth Resource Centers has advanced telehealth toward the goals of telemedicine program implementation and telemedicine process improvement by providing the nation with comprehensive, unbiased information and education related to telehealth. Each Telehealth Resource Centers (TRC) is a nonprofit organization whose charge is to facilitate expansion of telehealth and the availability of healthcare through telemedicine for rural and underserved populations.
Comparative Skill Premia

This paper studies the e¤ect of factor proportions and factor intensity on the skill premium. The model features a Heckscher-Ohlin structure augmented with non-neutral rm heterogeneity and matching and screening costs. The main result is that the skill premium is higher in the skill intensive industry (within a country) and maybe higher in the skill abundant country. This results contrast with the traditional Heckscher-Ohlin model (with trade cost) where the skill premium is the same in all industries and is lower in the skill abundant country. Interestingly, this result stems precisely from HeckscherOhlin mechanisms interacting with matching and screening costs and with non-neutral heterogeneity. J.E. L. Classi cation. F1.
Discrete event simulation for resource programming: case of Ecuadorian textile industry

Much of the success of an organization is focused on making decisions in its operations function. Managing properly the men and machines that intervene in their transformation processes, becomes a real challenge in order to increase effectiveness. For this, the optimization based on discrete event simulation constitutes a tool of great potential by its capacity to minimize errors in decision making. The present work was proposed to demonstrate the strengths of these tools as support on decision making, for optimize the assignment of these resources in the productive processes with certain level of complexity and that guarantee a good performance of the system. For that, the Flexsim software was applied as discrete event simulator. The results are presented with the application to a case study related to a company producing socks and belonging to the textile sector of Imbabura province, Ecuador. The men and machines assignment is made by each of the sections and subsections that make up the limiting point of the production process, adjusted to the amounts determined in the Master Production Schedule for each type of socks, ensuring minimal total cost and good performance of the principal metrics in that operation.
Explaining International Trade Among China, India and the US

This paper rst presents four key features of international trade among China, India and the US. We outline a simple three-country model based on a combination of imperfect competition, comparative advantage, and identical but non-homothetic preferences that is consistent with these stylised facts. The model is then used to shed light on the recent debates over the impact of economic growth in China and India on the US. The US may su¤er a terms of trade loss from growth in its major trading partners, but the magnitude of the loss is dampened by the increase in the number of varieties available for consumption. JEL codes: F12, F14.
The role of inflammation in a rat model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension induced by carrageenan

Background Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a life-threatening condition arising from the thrombus and obstructive remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, which causes a significant morbidity and mortality. Although the modern treatment in CTEPH has been significant advanced both in surgical and medical treatment, none can claim to cure the disease, largely because of our limited understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of the disease and lack of a reliable CTEPH animal model to study for. Recently, inflammation has been accepted as a common pathway through which various risk factors trigger venous thrombo-embolism (VTE) formation, we describe a novel mouse model of CTEPH which reproduces a frequent trigger and resembles the time course, histological features, and clinical presentation of CTEPH in humans, to open a new horizons of inflammation in CTEPH. Methods By administering a pulmonary embolism (PE) protocol (comprising 3 sequential left jugular vein injections of autologous blood clots) to 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using tranexamic acid (200 mg/kg.d) to inhibit fibrinolysis and injecting additional carrageenan (20 mg/kg, once a week) to create perivascular inflammation, we successfully generated a CTEPH animal model. By monitoring the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and the histopathological change to evaluate the CTEPH model. By detecting the RT-PCR, western blot, TUNEL, and immunohistochemistry in the sub-groups to find the potential mechanism of inflammation may work in the pulmonary vascular remolding. Results In this study, rats with CTEPH exhibited pronounced pulmonary vascular remolding with higher vessel wall area/total area (WA/TA) ratio in comparison to the control rats (85.41%±7.37% vs. 76.41%±5.97%, P<0.05), the mPAP (25.51±1.13 vs. 15.92±1.13 mmHg, P<0.05). Significant differences in mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) values were observed between rats injected solely with clots and those injected with both clots and carrageenan (25.51±1.13 vs. 29.82±1.26 mmHg, P<0.05, respectively). Furthermore, following the third embolization, thrombi and intimal hyperplasia occurred in the pulmonary artery. In addition, repeated embolization elevated mRNA and protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), NF-κB/p65, and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), but decreased BAX expression in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions Take advantage of the inflammation to trigger VTE formation, we successfully generated a CTEPH animal model. Inflammation may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of CTEPH by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. Understanding the role of inflammation in CTEPH may not only help to determine the optimal treatment options but also may aid in the development of future preventative strategies, since current anticoagulation treatment regimens are not designed to inhibit inflammation.
The Importance of Verbal and Written Instructions for Patients Undergoing Pressure-Flow Urodynamic Studies

Background: Urodynamic procedure identifies how well bladder, sphincters, and urethra are storing and releasing urine. Aim: Evaluate the importance of verbal and written instructions in outcomes of patients undergoing pressureflow urodynamic studies. Research Design: Randomized controlled trial. Patients and Methods: A total of 130 adult patients with no previous experience with urodynamics were attended to urodynamic outpatient clinic at Assiut Urology and Nephrology University Hospital to perform pressure-flow urodynamic studies from April 2016 to April 2018. Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups; odd numbers = study group (65 patients received routine instructions, detailed explanation about the procedure and received pressure-flow urodynamic brochure) and even numbers = control group (65 patients received routine instructions only). Tools: Assessment sheet for patients undergoing pressure-flow urodynamic studies, Spielberger six-item short form state trait anxiety inventory, urodynamic – patient satisfaction questionnaire and pressure-flow urodynamic brochure. Results: Study group was significantly better regarding all outcome parameters; cooperation, satisfaction, less procedure time and repetition, and less state trait anxiety inventory score. Conclusion: Patients education and good communication skills significantly affect outcomes of patients undergoing pressure-flow urodynamic studies.