Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Addressing Gender Dynamics and Engaging Men in HIV Programs: Lessons Learned from Horizons Research

In the field of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, there has been increasing interest in the role that gender plays in HIV and violence risk, and in successfully engaging men in the response. This article highlights findings from more than 10 studies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America—conducted from 1997 through 2007 as part of the Horizons program—that have contributed to understanding the relationship between gender and men's behaviors, developing useful measurement tools for gender norms, and designing and evaluating the impact of gender-focused program strategies. Studies showed significant associations between support for inequitable norms and risk, such as more partner violence and less condom use. Programmatic lessons learned ranged from insights into appropriate media messages, to strategies to engage men in critically reflecting upon gender inequality, to the qualities of successful program facilitators. The portfolio of work reveals the potential and importance of directly addressing gender dynamics in HIV- and violence-prevention programs for both men and women.
Antagonist of interferon-inducible protein 10/CXCL10 ameliorates the progression of autoimmune sialadenitis in MRL/lpr mice.

OBJECTIVE Mononuclear cell infiltration of the salivary glands is a major feature of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and its animal model. Local generation of chemokines and the presence of chemokine receptors on the infiltrating cells may be involved in this process. We undertook the present study to investigate the expression of chemokines during the development of autoimmune sialadenitis in MRL/lpr mice and the therapeutic effect of chemokine antagonists on sialadenitis. METHODS NH2-terminal-truncated interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10 analogs were transfected into a nonmetastatic fibroblastoid cell line, MRL/N-1, and injected subcutaneously into MRL/lpr mice, and the effects on sialadenitis were monitored. RESULTS IP-10 analogs truncated by 5 or more amino acid residues from the N-terminal failed to induce chemotaxis and calcium influx by CXCR3-expressing cells. Of these, the most potent antagonist (AT) (IP-10-AT) was a molecule with methionine added after removal of the 5 N-terminal amino acid residues. Significantly increased expression of the Th1-associated chemokines IP-10, monokine induced by interferon-gamma/CXCL9, and interferon-inducible T cell chemoattractant/CXCL11 was induced in the ductal epithelium by interferon-gamma produced in the salivary glands, whereas expression of the Th2-associated chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and monocyte-derived chemokine/CCL22 was almost undetectable during sialadenitis. Inoculation of IP-10-AT into MRL/lpr mice during the early stage of sialadenitis significantly reduced periductal mononuclear cell infiltration and parenchymal destruction compared with these features in control and TARC-AT-bearing mice. This was due to a significant reduction in infiltration of CXCR3+ T cells, predominantly Th1 cells, resulting in decreased interferon-gamma production. CONCLUSION We prepared a novel potent IP-10 antagonist and demonstrated its ability to ameliorate the progression of autoimmune sialadenitis. This agent may provide a new therapeutic approach to SS.
Moisture Transport due to Baroclinic Waves: Linear Analysis of Precipitating Quasi-Geostrophic Dynamics

Abstract The effects of rainfall speed, VT, and meridional/vertical moisture gradients on the meridional moisture transport are examined in the context of mid-latitude baroclinic waves. These effects are investigated in an idealized model that can be solved analytically. The model is systematically derived in a precipitating quasi-geostrophic limit, starting from a moist atmospheric model with minimal representation of cloud microphysics. Single-phase dynamics are considered, with a comparison of three cases: unsaturated, saturated with VT = 0, and saturated with VT > 0. The Eady problem for linear baroclinic waves is analyzed, with modifications to incorporate moisture. As a preliminary step, the moist waves are shown to have properties consistent with prior studies, including larger growth rates and smaller spatial scales in the saturated cases in comparison to the classic dry Eady problem. Then, in addition, it is shown that the meridional moisture flux, as a function of height, has a mid-tropospheric maximum in the case of VT = 0, and a maximum in the lower troposphere or at the surface for sufficiently large values of VT. These results for different VT values are discussed in the context of meridional moisture transport in observational data.
Leucémie aigüe myélomonocytaire à éosinophiles révélée par une pancréatite aigüe

La leucémie aigüe myélomonocytaire à composante éosinophile (LAM4eo) est une hémopathie maligne rare, caractérisée par une prolifération blastique myéloïde avec présence d'une composante monocytaire et des éosinophiles anormaux. Elle est associée à l'inversion du chromosome 16, parfois à sa variante la translocation (16;16). Nous rapportons un cas de LAM4eo chez un patient de sexe masculin âgé de 51 ans, découverte au décours d'un bilan paraclinique pour pancréatite aiguë (PA) confirmée par la TDM. L'hémogramme a montré une hyperleucocytose à 123G/l faite de 60% de blastes, une monocytose à 5 G/L ainsi qu'une lignée éosinophile dystrophique. Le myélogramme a objectivé l'infiltration de la moelle par une population blastique estimée à 61% d'expression hétérogène à la Cytométrie de flux: Des blastes très immatures exprimant fortement les marqueurs CD117 et CD34; des blastes prédominants qui expriment les antigènes CD33, CD13, CD65 (myéloblastes). Et une partie des blastes, était positive pour le CD14, CD4, CD11c (monoblastes). Après une exploration étiologique approfondie n'ayant pas pu trouver un lien de cause à effet, l'association entre les deux pathologies a été considérée comme fortuite et la pancréatite a été rattachée à la prise de paroxétine. Le patient a été mis alors en condition, et a été traité par chimiothérapie avec bonne évolution clinique et biologique.
Multi-level capacitor clamped DC-DC multiplier/divider with variable and fractional voltage gain - an (n/m)X DC-DC converter

Inductor-less, high gain DC-DC converter with high efficiency and high power density is a much desired circuit in Electric Vehicle (EV) powertrain and Solar photovoltaic (SPV) power converters. Modular Multi-level capacitor clamped DC-DC converter circuits (MLCCC) provide a viable solution for this case. But, their application is limited owing to their limitations in terms of fixed output voltage gains and lack of fractional output gains. The aim of this paper is to introduce an (n/m)X converter capable of both dynamically variable voltage gains and fractional voltage gains. Detailed description of the operating method along with the various stages of operation and power dissipation calculation for the proposed converter forms the main theme of the paper. Experimental results for a 1-kW prototype are presented to validate the proposed theory.
Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology and management.

In the late 19th century, reports by Frerichs (1861) and Flint (1863) noted an association among advanced liver disease, ascites, and oliguric renal failure in the absence of significant renal histologic changes (1). Almost 100 yr later, in a seminal article by Hecker and Sherlock (2), the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) was unraveled. The authors demonstrated the lack of major renal histologic changes despite the severity of kidney failure, linked the deterioration in renal function to impairment of the systemic circulation, and concluded that the underlying mechanism of kidney failure is peripheral arterial vasodilation. On the basis of this hypothesis, their patients were treated with norepinephrine with dramatic but short-lived improvement in urine volume and without a significant change in serum creatinine or urea concentrations. The functional nature of HRS was confirmed further by the ability to transplant kidneys from patients with HRS and the normalization of renal function after liver transplantation (3,4). Subsequent studies by Epstein et al. (5) demonstrated without doubt that splanchnic and systemic vasodilation together with intense renal vasoconstriction is the pathophysiologic hallmark of HRS. However, despite improved understanding, the prognosis of HRS remained poor, and in the 1970s, the term “terminal functional renal failure” was synonymous with HRS (6). During the last 2 decades, knowledge of the pathogenesis and management of HRS has improved greatly. The present article provides an update on these recent developments. HRS is a reversible functional renal impairment that occurs in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis or those with fulminant hepatic failure. It is characterized by marked reduction in GFR and renal plasma flow (RPF) in the absence of other cause of renal failure. The hallmark of HRS is intense renal vasoconstriction with predominant peripheral arterial vasodilation. Tubular function is preserved with the absence of proteinuria or histologic …
Increased IL-8 production in human bronchial epithelial cells after exposure to azithromycin-pretreated Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.

Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not typically susceptible to azithromycin (AZM) in in vitro tests, AZM improves the clinical outcome in patients with chronic respiratory infections, in which both the modulation of the host immune system and of bacterial virulence by AZM are thought to play an important role. However, there is currently little direct evidence showing the impact of bacteria pretreated with AZM on epithelial cells, which represents the first barrier to infecting P. aeruginosa. In this study, we pretreated P. aeruginosa with AZM and subsequently infected human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEs) in the absence of AZM. The results showed that AZM-pretreated P. aeruginosa (PAO1 and six different clinical isolates) significantly stimulated HBE cells to release IL-8, a crucial pro-inflammatory cytokine. This effect was not observed in a P. aeruginosa PAO1 mutant strain unable to produce the type III secretion system effector gene pcrV (strain PW4017). Our results suggest that AZM-pretreated P. aeruginosa could indirectly exacerbate pro-inflammation by inducing IL-8 production in HBEs.
Optimized cell ordering for multiuser macrodiversity detection with the conditional metric merge algorithm

We consider maximum likelihood (ML) multiuser detection (MUD) in microdiversity. Unlike microdiversity, where diversity antennas are collocated, microdiversity employs widely spaced antennas. The sets of users seen by different antennas are in general different, but may be overlapping. From a computational perspective, the microdiversity ML-MUD problem is poorly structured, and risks becoming exponentially, complex in the total number of users. The conditional metric merge (CMM), a recently developed algorithm, dramatically reduces the computation load by exploiting the partial overlaps of user sets, without sacrificing the ML optimality of decisions. However, the CMM computation load still depends on the order of processing the antennas. This paper therefore presents a "meta-algorithm" to determine a sequence of processing antennas in CMM that has the lowest, or almost lowest, computation load. Even in configurations of a few cells, the sequence in which we process the antennas has a great impact on the required calculation, and the improvement gained by the algorithm is important. As with the original CMM algorithm, the ordering algorithm is applicable to both wideband and narrowband systems.
Une étude du rôle des connecteurs dans le discours explicatif en anglais contemporain

Cette recherche porte sur la realisation linguistique de l’explication en anglais contemporain. A la suite d’un travail definitoire de la notion sont identifies deux types d’explication: la clarification et l’explication causale. L’etude adopte une approche enonciative tout en offrant des considerations d’ordre pragmatique. L’analyse linguistique se fonde sur un corpus de textes didactiques et examine plus particulierement le role des connecteurs dans le discours explicatif. Enfin, ce travail vise egalement la formalisation de quelques relations discursives a l’œuvre dans l’explication et l’ecriture de regles linguistiques en vue de la reconnaissance automatique de ces relations.
Hierarchical minds and the perception/cognition distinction

ABSTRACT Recent research in cognitive and computational neuroscience portrays the neocortex as a hierarchically structured prediction machine. Several theorists have drawn on this research to challenge the traditional distinction between perception and cognition – specifically, to challenge the very idea that perception and cognition constitute useful kinds from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. In place of this traditional taxonomy, such theorists advocate a unified inferential hierarchy subject to substantial bi-directional message passing. I outline the nature of this challenge and then raise two objections to the cognitive architecture it proposes as a replacement: first, standard ways of characterising this inferential hierarchy are in tension with the representational reach of conceptual thought; second, there is compelling evidence that commonsense reasoning is structured around highly domain-specific intuitive theories that are difficult to situate within a single hierarchy.
Uma Abordagem Evolutiva para o Problema de Sequenciamento Curricular Adaptativo

Adaptive Curriculum Sequencing (ACS) is still a challenge in Adaptive Learning field. ACS is a NP-Hard problem especially considering the constraints of the student and learning materials when selecting a sequence from repositories where several sequences could be chosen. Therefore, this has stimulated researchers to use evolutionary approaches in the search for satisfactory solutions. This work uses the Prey-Predator Algorithm, which have shown to be suitable for the problem, according to laboratory experiments, although it is a solution not yet explored in the Adaptive Learning literature. Resumo. O Sequenciamento Curricular Adaptativo (SCA) ainda é um desafio na área de Aprendizagem Adaptativa. O SCA é um problema NP-Difı́cil, principalmente por considerar as restrições relacionadas ao perfil do aluno e dos materiais didáticos na seleção de uma sequência em repositórios onde várias poderiam ser escolhidas. Portanto, isso tem estimulado pesquisadores a utilizarem abordagens evolutivas na busca por soluções satisfatórias. Este trabalho utiliza o Algoritmo Presa-Predador, o qual se mostrou adequado para o problema, de acordo com experimentos realizados em laboratório, embora seja uma solução ainda não explorada na literatura de Aprendizagem Adaptativa.
Oligosaccharides Expressed on MUC1 Produced by Pancreatic and Colon Tumor Cell Lines*

MUC1 is expressed at the apical surface of ductal epithelia of tissues, including breast, pancreas, airway, and the gastrointestinal tract, where its functions include lubrication and protection of the epithelia. In addition, roles for MUC1 have been suggested in both adhesive and antiadhesive properties of tumor cells, and extensive O-glycosylation of the MUC1 tandem repeat domain may contribute to these functions. Little information is available on the specific O-glycosylation of MUC1. One problem in identifying different MUC1 glycoforms has been that monoclonal antibodies raised against the MUC1 core protein recognize epitopes in the tandem repeat domain, which is often glycosylated to an extent that obscures these epitopes. We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29). Antigens detected include sialyl-Lewisa, sialyl-Lewisc, sialyl-Lewisx, and sialyl-Tn.
Eksperimentalno određivanje otpora valova serije Wigleyevih trimarana

Brzi deplasmanski i poludeplasmanski trimarani su predmet znacajnih istraživanja u posljednja tri desetljeca i nalaze znacajnu primjenu kako za ratne brodove, posebno nosace aviona, tako i za trgovacke brodove i brodove specijalne namjene gdje se zahtijeva velika pravokutna povrsina palube. Ova disertacija odnosi se na eksperimentalna i teorijska istraživanja komponenata otpora trimarana simetricnih bocnih trupova u mirnoj vodi. Izvrseno je eksperimentalno određivanje vrijednosti ukupnog otpora i faktora forme za deset razlicitih trimaranskih konfiguracija serije Wigleyevih trimarana C98-349 i za jednotrupni Wigleyev model C87-267 (DI\NMA-Trieste), za podrucje Froudeovog broja 0.082-0.495. Izvrsena su mjerenja reljefa slobodne povrsine u Best uzdužnih mjernih ravnina za deset Wigleyevih trimaranskih konfiguracija. Eksperimentalno su određene vrijednosti otpora reljefa slobodne povrsine za deset trimaranskih konfiguracija primjenom metoda LFT, MEM i MES, za podrucje Froudeovog broja 0.239-0.488. Ispitivanja su izvrsena za siroko podrucje relativih bocnih i uzdužnih položaja (s/L s = 0.200 – 0.600, d/L s = 0.250 – 0.500 ), s modelima slobodnim u odnosu na trim i poniranje. Izvrsen je proracun teorijskih vrijednosti otpora valova temeljen na linearnoj teoriji valova i Michellovoj brodskoj formi. Usporedba dobivenih rezultata s eksperimentalno određenim vrijednostima otpora reljefa slobodne povrsine ukazuje na cinjenicu da slaganja nisu zadovoljavajuca. Rezultati istraživanja, realizirani za siroko podrucje Froudeovog broja, omogucavaju bolje razumijevanje hidrodinamickog sadržaja komponenata otpora trimarana ukljucujuci i utjecaj međusobnog položaja trupova na vrijednosti komponenata otpora. Eksperimentalno određene vrijednosti ukupnog otpora, faktora forme i otpora reljefa slobodne povrsine za deset trimaranskih konfiguracija omogucile su određivanje podrucja Froudeovog broja, gdje je prisutna povoljna interferencija ukupnog otpora, a kvantificiran je i udio valne i viskozne interferencije.
Síntesis de circuitos digitales basada en la generación de funciones incompletas mediante el paradigma orientado a objetos con inferencia de tipos.

El entorno de desarrollo para Arquitecturas Reconfigurables Madeo, sobre el cual se ha desarrollado esta tesis, propone un sistema que permite la interrelacion de la implementacion fisica de la arquitectura y el desarrollo de las aplicaciones, de forma que el diseno se valida evaluando la ejecucion de las aplicaciones sobre un modelo simulado de la arquitectura reconfigurable. La metodologia de la sintesis de las aplicaciones esta basada en la transformacion de un algoritmo expresado en un lenguaje orientado a objetos en una red de tablas (LUT) que implementan las operaciones de dicho algoritmo. Este tipo de sintesis proporciona al disenador hardware la posibilidad de implementar eficientemente cualquier funcion u operacion, sin necesidad de tener previamente disponibles bibliotecas de componentes basicos sintetizados. En esta tesis, se han realizado aportaciones en los campos de la sintesis de alto nivel y la sintesis logica. Estas proporcionaran a los disenadores de sistemas hardware la posibilidad de implementar eficientemente algunas aplicaciones que necesiten mas precision que la proporcionada por los metodos clasicos de aproximaciones sucesivas y para aplicaciones que necesiten operadores no incluidos en las bibliotecas del entorno de desarrollo. Por otra parte se han realizado aportaciones al entorno de Madeo para aplicaciones de tratamiento de imagenes y mejoras para la utilizacion del entorno como herramienta de investigacion de tecnicas de sintesis de alto nivel de un alto coste computacional.
Acceptabilité et relations Humain-Compagnons artificiels

Nous proposons dans cet article quelques elements de reflexion sur l'acceptabilite des dispositifs ACA et robots socio-cognitifs, de type compagnons artificiels, et sur le concept de relation entre l'Humain et ces dispositifs. Nous presentons un modele de relation issu d'un travail pluridisciplinaire et proposons la definition d'un plan des relations Humain- Compagnon Artificiel. Enfin nous nous interrogeons sur la relation entre l'Humain et un collectif de compagnons artificiels.
The need for state health services and policy research.

Many provisions of the Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) are being implemented at the state level, and state decisions will play a significant role in the successful implementation of the law. Effective evaluation of the ACA will depend on rigorous health services research conducted at the state level. The Supreme Court decision of 2012 rejected the requirement that states must expand their Medicaid programs to include individuals with incomes up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL). This decision made the Medicaid expansion optional for states and guaranteed variability in ACA implementation. To date, 28 states including the District of Columbia are moving ahead with the Medicaid expansions, 21 states are not moving forward, and 2 states are considering the expansion option (The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Status 2014). The ACA also included provisions for the development and implementation of Health Insurance Marketplaces across the states. The Marketplace is an online resource for comparing, selecting, and enrolling in competing private health plans. The Marketplace also provides the opportunity, if income eligible, to apply for and receive tax credits to help applicants with purchasing coverage. States have the option of implementing a State-Based Marketplace, partnering with the federal government to implement a Marketplace, or defaulting to a Federally Facilitated Marketplace. As of this writing, 17 states had initiated State-Based Marketplaces, 7 had established State-Federal Partnership Marketplaces, and 27 states had defaulted to the Federally Facilitated Marketplace (The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, State 2014). To further muddy the waters, in July 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ruled that the ACA, as written, “unambiguously” restricts the tax credits provided to help subsidize the purchase of health plans sold through the Marketplace to State-Based Marketplaces (Jacqueline Halbig v. Sylvia Burwell 2014). The Obama administration has appealed this decision, but the implementation of the ACA has certainly not gone as smoothly or as uniformly as initially envisioned. The rollout of the ACA has been complex and varied across states. Researchers and policy makers are eagerly awaiting data and research to answer many questions about the impact of health reform. What impact did the ACA have on reducing the uninsured? What were the relative roles played by Medicaid expansion and the Marketplaces in expanding coverage? Do federal and state Marketplaces appear to differ in terms of important market characteristics such as premium prices? What are the characteristics of the remaining uninsured?