Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Addressing sexual health in geriatrics education

ABSTRACT Adults remain sexually active well into later life, but few report discussing sexual health with a physician after age 50. The authors explored how geriatrics education might better address sexual health in the context of a psychosocial conference for geriatrics fellows, program directors, and faculty comprising an informational plenary, which included a skills-building presentation on taking sexual histories, and a program director/faculty roundtable. Although informed about older adult sexual health, knowledge scores of geriatrics fellows increased following the plenary. Fellows reported inconsistent sexual history taking with older adults and noted patient differences in age and gender as barriers. The roundtable discussion highlighted several barriers to inclusion of sexual health content in geriatrics curricula including competing competencies, lack of educational materials, and discomfort with this topic on the part of faculty. Implications of these findings for geriatrics training and education programs and suggestions for improving this domain of geriatrics education are discussed.
Understanding and measuring powered wheelchair mobility and manoeuvrability. Part I. Reach in confined spaces

Purpose. To determine: (1) what wheelchair manoeuvrability factors are important and (2) the effects of powered wheelchair design on the ability to reach in a confined space. Method. The relative importance of five aspects of wheelchair manoeuvrability was determined through a survey of users of wheelchairs (N = 52) and health care professionals and others (N = 89). A single young, non-disabled subject undertook repeated trials of reach distance on to a counter at the end of a corridor whose width could be adjusted by moving Styrofoam walls. Results. Reaching, moving in confined spaces and avoiding collisions were more important than speed and avoiding the need to drive backwards. The rear wheel drive powered wheelchair was found to allow the greatest reach when driving backwards into the space and the wheelchair which moved in a sideways direction allowed greatest reach in the narrowest corridor. Conclusions. The survey concluded that manoeuvring in small spaces and reaching without collisions were important. The powered wheelchair with sideways capability afforded the greatest reach in confined spaces except when the rear wheel drive chair was driven in backwards. The survey respondents did not place a high priority on avoiding backwards driving but some people find this difficult to do safely.
Dynamics and Cardiac Arrhythmias

Cardiac arrhythmias, characterized by single or multiple reentrant circuits, represent a dynamic phenomenon in an excitable medium. In this review, we provide a brief overview of how cardiac action potential duration restitution, conduction velocity restitution, and intracellular calcium cycling regulate the dynamics of action potential excitation and wave propagation in relation to the genesis and maintenance of cardiac arrhythmias.
Follicle formation in the immature mouse ovary: the role of the rete ovarii.

Nineteenth-century anatomists first recognized the morphological resemblance between the rete ovarii and the rete testis during the embryonic development of the mammalian gonad. Both tubular networks arise from the mesonephros, are lined by a single layer of cuboidal or cylindrical epithelial cells, and are connected to the Wolffian duct (Waldeyer, 1870). Although the ultimate role of the rete testis in sperm transport is well established, little interest has been displayed in the rete ovarii, probably because only a remnant remains in the adult (Kingsbury, 1913-14). Nevertheless the rete ovarii is by no means an insignificant structure during the neonatal period. Waldeyer (1870) described it as a convoluted system of cell cords and tubes which, at birth, occupies most of the central ovarian tissue and extends into the periovarian region. These cell cords and tubes have variously been termed 'cordons medullaire' (Waldeyer, 1870), 'Markstrange' (Kolliker, 1898) and 'medullary cords' (Kingsbury, 1913-14), and are composed of cuboidal cells with rounded nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Kolliker (1898) first ascribed a function to the 'medullary cords' of the immature dog ovary. He proposed that the cells of these cords contributed to follicle formation, since cells of the follicular envelope appeared to be continuous with cord cells. Winiwarter & Sainmont (1908), however, dismissed such a physiological role for the 'medullary cords' in the immature cat, since only medullary follicles were invested with cord cells and these ultimately degenerated. In the course of an electron microscopical study Byskov & Rasmussen (1973) noted the continuity between rete cells and cells of the follicle envelope (granulosa cells). The close resemblance between the ultrastructure of the two cell types when in juxtaposition with an oocyte reopened the question of a possible role for the rete ovarii in early follicle formation. In an attempt to clarify this question the following study of the development of the rete ovarii in relation to follicle growth in the neonatal mouse was undertaken.
The Sensitivity of Review Results to Methods Used to Appraise and Incorporate Trial Quality Into Data Synthesis

Study Design. Systematic review. Objective. To determine whether results and conclusions on the effectiveness of exercise for workers with neck pain vary with the Cochrane Back Review Group Guidelines and best-evidence synthesis review methods. To identify methodologic weaknesses associated with these review methods that may impact on the validity of their results. Summary of Background Data. The Cochrane Back Review Group Guidelines and best-evidence synthesis have different approaches to appraising trial quality and incorporating quality into data synthesis. The impact of different review methods on the reproducibility and validity of review results is unknown. Methods and Results. Systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases, without language restrictions. Twelve trials were selected. Two review methods were used to appraise trial quality and to incorporate quality into data synthesis. As recommended by the Cochrane Back Review Group Guidelines, trials were assigned quality scores using a scale. Results of all 12 trials were stratified into levels of evidence according to their scores. Based on these results, no treatment recommendation could be formulated. Best-evidence synthesis critically appraised methodology; trials were accepted on the strength of their scientific merit or rejected due to risk of bias. According to the 4 trials accepted for best-evidence synthesis, workers should be activated with exercise given its beneficial effect on patient-perceived recovery. Both the Cochrane Back Review Group Guidelines and best-evidence synthesis reviews were found to have weaknesses associated with their methods. Conclusions. Review results and conclusions are sensitive to methods for appraising trial quality and incorporating quality into data synthesis when the evidence consists largely of low-quality trials. Both the Cochrane Back Review Group Guidelines and best-evidence synthesis methods were found to have strengths and methodologic weaknesses that healthcare decision-makers should be aware of when interpreting systematic reviews.
Hysteresis loss in a superconducting Bi-2223 tape with fine filaments

The energy loss density was measured for a Bi-2223 tape wire with superconducting filaments of average thickness 2.5 /spl mu/m to confirm the reduction of energy loss density due to the reversible fluxoid motion. The energy loss density is compared with the prediction by the modified Kim model. It is lower than the prediction at AC field amplitudes below the penetration field at temperatures above 77 K. The slope of the minor magnetization curve is less than unity and the estimated AC penetration depth is longer than the filament thickness in the same regime. This result supports the speculation that the reduction of the energy loss density is due to the reversible fluxoid motion.
Identification of turbulence structures above a forest canopy using a wavelet transform

The wavelet transform is used to identify scales of large coherent structures present in atmospheric turbulence above the subarctic forest at Schefferville. Individual coherent structures contributing to much of the exchange between the forest and the atmosphere are depicted in terms of both scale and location using contour diagrams of wavelet transform coefficients. Three typical case studies of turbulence and flux observations were selected to examine the physical characteristics of these flux-filled events and their evolution With distance away from the forest canopy. A wavelet transform spectral technique is applied to vertical velocity, temperature, and turbulent heat flux data observed over the sparse coniferous forest to extract the relative importance of each scale present in those data series. The scale of turbulence structures in relation with their characteristic spacing is discussed.
BCL6 mRNA Expression Level in Invasive Duct Carcinoma not otherwise Specified.

INTRODUCTION B-Cell Lymphoma 6 (BCL6) has an oncogenic role in tumourigenesis of various malignancies. It represses genes involved in terminal differentiation and plays complementary role with Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in triple-negative breast cancer cellular function. AIM To evaluate the expression of BCL6 in cancer breast and determine its correlation with the clinico-pathological features including the molecular subtype of breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective case control study was carried out on 150 patients, divided into 100 cases of invasive duct carcinoma not otherwise specified and 50 benign breast lesions including fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease. Fresh tissues were excised, which were then subjected to RNA extraction. The BCL6 mRNA level was assessed using real-time reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS There was a significant higher levels of BCL6 mRNA in malignant cases compared to benign ones (p<0.001). The level of BCL6 mRNA was higher in cases showing advanced tumor stage (p<0.04), triple negative subtype and associated in situ component (p<0.001) compared to cases with an early stage, luminal or Her 2-neu positive subtypes and those lacking in situ component. CONCLUSION BCL6 is up-regulated in breast cancer and is associated with poor prognostic features such as advanced stage and triple negative molecular subtype. BCL6 inhibitors might be considered as targeted therapy for breast cancer.
Two-way relaying networks with wireless power transfer: Policies design and throughput analysis

This paper exploits an amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying network (TWRN), where an energy constrained relay node harvests energy with wireless power transfer. Two bidirectional protocols, multiple access broadcast (MABC) protocol and time division broadcast (TDBC) protocol, are considered. Three wireless power transfer policies, namely, dual-source (DS) power transfer; single-fixed-source (SFS) power transfer; and single-best-source (SBS) power transfer are proposed and well-designed based on time switching receiver architecture. We derive analytical expressions to determine the throughput both for delay-limited transmission and delay-tolerant transmission. Numerical results corroborate our analysis and show that MABC protocol achieves a higher throughput than TDBC protocol. An important observation is that SBS policy offers a good tradeoff between throughput and power.
Keratinolytic activity of Streptomyces sp. S.K1–02: a new isolated strain

A Streptomyces sp. producing a high keratinolytic activity when cultured on feather meal medium was isolated from a naturally degraded feather. Maximal keratin degradation using supernatant fluid obtained from batch culture of this organism was observed at 70 °C and pH 10. Keratinolytic activity was only partially inhibited by EDTA or PMSF, suggesting that the overall keratinolytic activity was supported by different proteases. Comparisons between proteolytic activities derived from this new strain (S.K1–02) and commercial proteases indicated that S.K1–02 could be a useful biotechnological tool in valorization of keratin‐containing wastes, or in the depilation process in the leather industry.
WHEN DOES ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY BECOME ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE? THE PROXY RECORD OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA

There are three possible approaches to investigating environmental change using organisms as proxies: comparison of spatial surveys from different time periods, time-series studies, and high resolution studies of cores. Because they have a preservable shell and are abundant, benthic foraminifera are the best meiofaunal group for giving a proxy record of past marine and marginal marine environments. Through the analysis of: changes in abundance of marker species; the introduction of new species or serious loss of previously existing species; changes in species diversity, dominance and abundance which extend well outside the established limits of variability; it is possible to document the extent of environmental changes that have taken (or are taking) place.
Power control unit for E-class power oscillator of 6.78 MHz wireless power transfer

This paper presents a power control unit for e-class power oscillator of 6.78 MHz wireless power transfer (WPT). Generally, the E-class switching mode power amplifier is a very efficient amplifier. It is suitable for high frequency amplifier. The output power is related to a DC power supply voltage and load resistance. Thus, it is shown that the output power can be controlled by changing DC power supply voltage value. In this case, the output power is controlled by using a microcontroller together with a variable voltage regulator circuit. The proposed power control unit for E-class power oscillator of 6.78 MHz wireless power transfer is worked very well. The controlled power levels are 5, 10, 15, 20 and 45W at 50 Ohms load.
Ordered mesoporous silica nanoparticles with and without embedded iron oxide nanoparticles: structure evolution during synthesis

This work reports on the structural evolution during room temperature synthesis of hexagonally ordered mesoporous silica nanoparticles with and without embedded iron oxide particles. Oleic acid-capped iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized and transferred to an aqueous phase using the cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). MCM-41 type silica and composite nanoparticles are fabricated via sol–gel synthesis. Aliquots are taken from the solution during synthesis to capture the particle formation process. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) reveal a transition from a disordered to an ordered structure in both synthesis systems. Along with the evolution of structure, iron oxide nanoparticles acting as seeds at the early stages are relocated from the particle centers to the edges. Nitrogen sorption measurements for iron oxide-embedded mesoporous nanoparticles indicate surface areas as high as for the mesoporous silica nanoparticles without iron oxide.
Internet Resources in Medical Genetics

This unit presents an overview of the most commonly used, Web‐based information resources for (1) clinicians seeking to apply molecular genetic testing to patient care (see ) or to understand the molecular basis of inherited diseases (see ), (2) consumers seeking advocacy information (see ) or scientific and management information (see , , , , , and ), and (3) genetics professional societies.
Chapter 11 Biomarkers of Inflammatory Arthritis and Proteomics

Autoimmune diseases are systemic and organ–specific inflammatory conditions involving a cell-mediated immune response against self tissues. Whilst it is known that they are charac‐ terized by autoantibodies in both the systemic fluid and tissues [1, 2], the detailed aetiology and pathogenesis of auto-immune diseases are still poorly understood [3, 4]. These types of diseases occur when self molecules, often unknown antigens (auto-antigens), are seen by the immune system as non-self and are thereby attacked immunologically by the production of autoantibodies against them. In this process, the immune system mistakenly reacts with the body’s own cellular gears as if they were foreign antigens. The clinical presentations of autoimmune diseases vary with the disease course and delay in diagnosis as well as inappropri‐ ate therapy, increases tissue damage [3, 5].
Rectus Femoris Transfer for Children With Cerebral Palsy: Long-Term Outcome

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of rectus femoris transfer in cerebral palsy children with stiff-knee gait. Thirty-eight affected limbs in 24 children were evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively by gait analysis, with 26 limbs in 18 patients having final study, averaging 4.6 years postoperatively. Functional ambulatory status was evaluated based on Hoffer's criteria on ambulation. There were statistically significant improvements of 9.8° in maximum swing-phase knee flexion and 7.0° in total range of knee motion at 1 year, with a small loss of knee extension in stance. At final gait analysis, the improvement in the swing-phase knee flexion was maintained, but improvement in total range of knee motion was decreased. There were no significant changes in temporal parameters. Improvement in swing-phase knee flexion and foot clearance after rectus femoris transfer was associated with loss of knee extension at long-term follow-up. Hamstring lengthening in patients who develop excessive stance-phase knee flexion may be necessary.
EUS, PET, and CT scanning for evaluation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND Preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma can be difficult. Computed tomography (CT) is the standard, noninvasive imaging method for evaluation of suspected pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but it has limited sensitivity for diagnosis, local staging, and metastases. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fluoro-deoxyglucose/positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are imaging methods that may improve diagnostic accuracy. METHODS Thirty-five patients with presumed resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma were prospectively evaluated with helical CT, EUS, and FDG-PET. RESULTS Sensitivity for the detection of pancreatic cancer was higher for EUS (93%) and FDG-PET (87%) than for CT (53%). EUS was more sensitive than CT for local vascular invasion of the portal and superior mesenteric veins. EUS diagnosis of vascular invasion was associated with poor outcome after surgery. EUS-guided, fine-needle aspiration allowed tissue diagnosis in 14 of 21 attempts (67%). FDG-PET diagnosed 7 of 9 cases of proven metastatic disease, 4 of which were missed by CT. Two of three metastatic liver lesions suspected by CT were indeterminate for metastases. FDG-PET confirmed metastases. CONCLUSIONS EUS and PET improve diagnostic capability in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. EUS is useful in determining local vascular invasion and obtaining tissue diagnosis. FDG-PET is useful in identifying metastatic disease. Both techniques are more sensitive than helical CT for identification of the primary tumor. (Gastrointest Endosc 2000;52:367-71).
FPGA implementation of contrast stretching for image enhancement using system generator

Digital image enhancement methods are used to increase the photographic quality of images. The main objective of any enhancement method is obtaining a more suitable result compared with the original form. Any image enhancement techniques can be categorized into two methods: spatial domain methods and frequency domain methods. This project concentrates on image enhancement in the spatial domain, with particular reference to point processing methods like: contrast manipulation, brightness manipulation, inverting images, threshold operation. This project presents concept of hardware software co-simulation for image processing using Xilinx System Generator (XSG). This technique, provides a set of Simulink blocks (models) for several hardware operations that could be implemented on various Xilinx FPGA.
Pore‐forming cytolysins of Gram‐negative bacteria

A great deal is known about the structure, function and metabolic effects of enzymatic bacterial toxins such as the diphtheria, pertussis and cholera toxins. By comparison, our understanding of the pore‐forming, cytolytic toxins, particularly those produced by Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, is far less complete. The genetics and biochemistry of a large, newly discovered family of calcium‐dependent, pore‐forming cytotoxins (RTX toxins) produced by different genera of the Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae are discussed in this review. This toxin family is especially noteworthy because the individual toxins often exhibit different cell‐ and host‐specificity. A brief review is also included of two ancestrally unrelated groups of calcium‐independent, pore‐forming toxins, the haemolysins produced by Proteus mirabilis and Serratia marcescens and the aerolysins secreted by species of Aeromonas. Their structure and function are contrasted with those of the RTX family members. Emerging questions about the role of cytolysins in pathogenesis are presented. Perhaps the most important issue raised is whether or not less attention should be paid to the the lytic capacity of these cytotoxins, with more energy being devoted to the understanding of their non‐lytic Inhibitory activities against host cells.
Clinical trials of helminth therapy in autoimmune diseases: rationale and findings

Some helminths are major human pathogens. Recently, however, increased understanding of the immunoregulatory responses induced by this class of parasites, in combination with epidemiologic and animal studies, suggests that helminths may have therapeutic potential in autoimmune diseases (AD) and other conditions. This article reviews the rationale for and results of clinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of helminth therapy in AD. Also discussed are future prospects for investigation and the possibility that helminth treatment may serve as a probe to help reveal the pathogenesis of AD.
The Modular Multisensory DLR-HIT-Hand: Hardware and Software Architecture

This paper presents hardware and software architecture of the newly developed compact multisensory German aerospace research (DLR)-Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT)-Hand. The hand has four identical fingers and an extra degree of freedom for the palm. In each finger, there is a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for data collection, brushless dc motors for control, and communication is accomplished with palm's FPGA by point-to-point serial communication (PPSeCo). The kernel of the hardware system is a peripheral component interconnect (PCI)- based high-speed floating-point DSP for data processing, and FPGA for high-speed (up to 25 Mb/s) real-time serial communication with the palm's FPGA. In order to achieve high modularity and reliability of the hand, a fully mechatronic integration and analog signals in situ digitalization philosophy is implemented to minimize the dimension and number of the cables (five cables including power supply), and protect data communication from outside disturbances. Furthermore, according to the hardware structure of the hand, a hierarchical software structure has been established to perform all data processing and the control of the hand. It provides basic air position indicator (API) functions and skills to access all hardware resources for data acquisition, computation, and teleoperation. With the nice design of the hand's envelop, the hand looks more like a humanoid.