Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Game Theory-Based Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

In this article, a novel game theory-based approach is proposed for anomaly detection in hyperspectral images (HSIs) via effectively exploring multiple spectral and spatial characteristics of anomalies. This approach comprises three main steps. First, spectral, extend morphological profiles (EMPs), and Gabor texture features are captured from an input HSI. Then, we define the anomaly detection problem as an anomaly game model, in which image regions (superpixels) of different features are modeled as players who select to be “anomaly” or “background” as their strategies. Three initial detection results are produced based on each player’s strategy in the Nash equilibrium of the anomaly game. Last, a saliency-based decision fusion technique is used to combine the complementary information in different features, so as to obtain a fused detection map. The performance of the proposed anomaly detection technique is evaluated on four real-scene HSIs. Experimental results validate that our approach can outperform some state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods.
Glycemic Status and Lipid Profiles Changes among the Incidentally Diagnosed Fatty Liver Patients

Background: Fatty liver disease is common condition. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the glycemic status and lipid profiles changes among the incidentally diagnosed fatty liver patients. Methodology: This was an observational descriptive study conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from the duration of January 2010 to July 2010 for a period of six (6) months. Seventy patients attending indoor or outdoor of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital Dhaka, diagnosed ultrasonographically as fatty liver who were met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Those subjects who were presented at the outdoor and/or indoor in the hospital for different health problems and were diagnosed as fatty liver on the basis of USG findings were included for this study. Patients of fatty liver diagnosed incidentally by ultrasound, performed for other purposes were planned for study. Blood samples were taken for analysis of risk factors after completing the physical examinations. Result: A total number of 70 patients were recruited for this study. Among the study population, 48 (68.57%) were between 20-50 years of age, 6 (8.57%) were less than 20 years and 16 (22.85%) were more than 50 years. Regarding Glycemic status, 15(21.42%) cases were Diabetic, 25(35.71%) cases had impaired glucose tolerance and 30(42.85%) cases had normal blood sugar. Regarding dyslipidaemia, 51(72.85%) cases had high triglyceride level (>150 mg/dl); 42(60%) cases had hypercholesterimea (>200 mg/dl); decreased HDL ( 150 mg/dl) in 21(44.28%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion the abnormal gycemic status and dyslipidemia is present in the incidentally diagnosed fatty liver patients. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2016; 2(1): 26-29
Evaluación de la prescripción de metformina en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 de una institución de Atención Primaria en Salud en Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

Evaluation of the prescription of Metformin in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Health Primary attention Institution in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia Objective: To evaluate the prescription of metformin (contraindication, dosage, adverse effects) for the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients, attending a low-complexity health institution in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. Design: Descriptive study with a pharmacoepidemiological focus, specifically aimed at the field of studies on drug usage, and based on data collected from medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes. Setting: Performed in an institution of Primary Health Care in the city of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. Participants: 331 type 2 diabetic patients, over 18 years old, who were enrolled in diabetes care program during 2013 and 2014 and who had been under supervision for at least six months. Main measurements: Appropriate prescription of metformin based on three conditions: 1) absence of contraindications for the use of the drug, 2) dose prescription according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and 3) prevention of gastrointestinal adverse effects. Results: 16.4 % (C.I. 95 % 12.5 % 21.1 %) of the patients had some contraindication for the use of metformin. 27.4 % (C.I. 95 % 22.5 % 32.9 %) were prescribed a dose inappropriate for the GFR. 54.4 % (C.I. 95 % 48.6 % 60.1 %) were prescribed the drug inappropriately). Conclusion: Though Metformin is considered the initial first-line therapy for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes, in a high percentage of cases it is prescribed inappropriately, it is administered in spite of being contraindicated, and its dosage does not consider the GFR.
PENGARUH FREE CASH FLOW, PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi Pada Emiten Sub-Sektor Perdagangan Eceran yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh free cash flow, profitabilitas dan likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kebijakan dividen sebagai variabel intervening pada emiten sub-sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 11 perusahaan dan tahun penelitian 2012-2017. Data yang dikumpulkan diproses dengan metode analisis jalur dengan bantuan perangkat lunak AMOS 19.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan free cash flow tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen dan nilai perusahaan. Ini dapat disebabkan oleh arus kas di perusahaan yang sebagian besar digunakan untuk membiayai iklan. Profitabilitas (ROA) memiliki dampak signifikan pada kebijakan dividen dan nilai perusahaan, profitabilitas mengurangi kebijakan dividen. Likuiditas memiliki dampak signifikan pada kebijakan dividen dan nilai perusahaan, hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh adanya akun yang tidak tertagih dan persediaan yang belum terjual dapat menyebabkan rasio lancar yang tinggi. Selanjutnya, kebijakan dividen memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, disebabkan oleh perusahaan yang memiliki laba besar tidak membagikan laba dalam bentuk dividen dan kebijakan dividen adalah variabel yang mampu memoderasi hubungan antara profitabilitas dan nilai perusahaan dengan baik.
A Wireless Warning System using a Programmable Intelligent Computer

The problem of preventing unauthorised persons from accessing specific places has become an interesting research field. This study proposes a warning system to alarm the owner about any unauthorised attempt to access a secure gate. In the proposed system, the classic alarm circuits that use 555 timers or operational amplifiers are replaced with a simpler and more reliable electronic circuit that includes a small microcontroller chip known as a Programmable Intelligent Computer (PIC). The PIC is programmed to perform sense any touch and produce an alarm signal (buzzer sound), or to send a text message and/or phone call. Implementation of the system demonstrates the superiority of PIC-based circuit over rudimentary electronic circuits in terms of cost, size, complexity, reliability, and system updates.
Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes

A multimodel, multiresolution ensemble using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) coupled experiments is used to assess the performance of key aspects of the North Atlantic circulation. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and related heat transport, tends to become stronger as ocean model resolution is enhanced, better agreeing with observations at 26.5°N. However, for most models the circulation remains too shallow compared to observations and has a smaller temperature contrast between the northward and southward limbs of the AMOC. These biases cause the northward heat transport to be systematically too low for a given overturning strength. The higher‐resolution models also tend to have too much deep mixing in the subpolar gyre. In the period 2015–2050 the overturning circulation tends to decline more rapidly in the higher‐resolution models, which is related to both the mean state and to the subpolar gyre contribution to deep water formation. The main part of the decline comes from the Florida Current component of the circulation. Such large declines in AMOC are not seen in the models with resolutions more typically used for climate studies, suggesting an enhanced risk for Northern Hemisphere climate change. However, only a small number of different ocean models are included in the study.
Memristor‐Based Biologically Plausible Memory Based on Discrete and Continuous Attractor Networks for Neuromorphic Systems

To approach an advanced neuromorphic system, a significant unsettled problem is how to realize biologically plausible memory structures that are dramatically different from classical computers. Herein, a physical system based on memristors is simulated to realize associative memory based on discrete attractor networks, which is essentially content‐based storage, and the influence of device characteristics on network performance is systematically studied. An in situ unsupervised learning method is applied to make greater use of array structure and competitions between neurons, demonstrating significant performance improvement in memory capacity and noise tolerance compared with existing supervised approaches. By extending to continuous attractor neural networks (CANNs), working memory is realized based on memristors for the first time via simulation, and the write and read noises in memristor arrays are found to have different impacts on the ability of CANN in maintaining dynamic information. This work lays a foundation for the construction of future advanced neuromorphic computing systems.
Establishing a Proper Model of Tobacco Dependence: Influence of Age and Tobacco Smoke Constituents

Author(s): Gellner, Candice Ann | Advisor(s): Leslie, Frances M | Abstract: Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Of those who smoke, 9 out of 10 report trying their first cigarette before the age of 18. Although most people who initiate tobacco use are teenagers, animal models for studying tobacco dependence have traditionally focused on how adult animals initiate, withdrawal from and relapse to cigarette smoking. Furthermore, cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 constituents, including nicotine, yet pre-clinical research has focused on nicotine alone. Our lab began studying these constituents by creating cigarette smoke extract, CSE, a solution which contains the aqueous constituents present in cigarette smoke. Previous work from our lab found that CSE is more potent than nicotine alone and can enhance stress-induced reinstatement in adult male rats. In order to understand how the presence of tobacco smoke constituents may affect adolescents, I investigated the role of these constituents in models of smoking initiation and relapse. I found that the tobacco smoke constituents did not influence adolescent or adult acquisition of self-administration. Adolescents self-administered more low-dose nicotine than adults when their increased non-specific responding was corrected for. During reinstatement of drug seeking, I found that CSE enhanced stress- + cue-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior with no effect of age. To investigate the role of tobacco smoke constituents on attenuation of adolescent self-administration, a novel smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, AT-1001, which is a selective α3β4 nAChR functional antagonist, was used. AT-1001 attenuated both CSE and nicotine self-administration in adolescent rats to a similar degree. My results suggest that both age and the presence of tobacco smoke constituents are important factors in establishing a proper model of tobacco dependence. Furthermore, my findings provide novel insights on adolescent initiation and relapse and offer an exciting potential for the development of a new tobacco dependence animal model that could help create innovative therapeutics to curb the addiction faced by many.
Brexit and the decentred state

The aim of this article is to examine Brexit through the lens of decentred theory. Decentred theory regards the British state as neither a monolith (as per modernist social science) nor a myth (as per post-modern theory) but rather as a repository of norms, customs, practices and thought acquired by elite actors, professionals and policy networks. The central thesis of the article is that the idea of the decentred state, as an explanation of state governance, can be seen in the phenomenon of Brexit. The article uses literatures on governance and contemporary history to examine the relevance of the concept of the decentred state. Then it considers the case study of British politics in the 1970s as a precursor to the decentring effects of Brexit on state governance. The article then moves to consider three dimensions of the phenomenon of Brexit which can be understood as decentring practices in and of themselves: the referendum vote, the negotiations and competing ‘imaginings’ of the United Kingdom in a post-European Union membership environment. The article’s findings represent a fresh and novel means by which scholars can utilise the idea of the decentred state as an intellectual tool to explain the phenomenon of Brexit.
Steroid analysis in clinical routine diagnostics – discussing crucial questions

Abstract: Quantitative steroid analysis via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is applicable to clinical routine diagnostics by now, substituting immunoassays due to its superior selectivity and comparable sensitivity. Multiplexed assays covering a multitude of analytes represent the gold standard in this regard. There are commercially available kits which are easily adapted to individual LC-MS/MS systems required. Prior to and even after their appearance, in-house method development represented the flexible alternative in terms of solving specific analytical problems or focusing on a narrower steroid profile while maximizing sensitivity and high throughput applicability. In this work, commercial assays and in-house methods are discussed in relation to a benchmark LC-MS/MS method. Thereby, prerequisites and results are compared. Furthermore, the effect of concomitant medication on steroid assays was tested and requirements regarding quality assurance in routine steroid analysis are discussed. Most of the different commercially available or in-house LC-MS/MS methods for steroid analysis show a good or reasonable agreement of results. However, the harmonization in the methodology of mass spectrometric assays has to be improved to further reduce their variability. Such a procedure would facilitate the performance of diagnostic tests that involve the measurement of steroid hormones by the tremendous improvement of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
Joint replacement of the ankle joint and its biomechanical dysfunctions. A case study

High rate of postoperative complications and limited range of indications makes total ankle replacement (TAR) still a controversial procedure. Together with introduction of new biomaterials and improvement in the operative technique TAR becomes more attractive and interesting solution. As the implantation of the prosthesis in the joint without significant deformations is relatively easy, in cases with heavy posttraumatic changes may be very difficult. In such cases the choice of the appropriate implant is very important. This paper presents a case of the patient with secondary posttraumatic ostearthritis treated operatively with tatal ankle replacement using Mobility (DePuy) endoprosthesis. 1 year after the surgery the patient underwent clinical and radiographic evaluation including pedobarography and kinetic and kinematic gait analysis. Despite the disruption of the talofibular syndesmosis, total ankle replacement provided a good result of the treatment.
MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF THE ROD OUTER SEGMENT. A DEEP-ETCHING STUDY WITH RAPID FREEZING USING UNFIXED FROG RETINA

Rod outer segments of unfixed frog retina were observed after rapid freezing by the freeze-substitution method and by the deep-etching replica method. The disks were arranged in exceptional regularity at about 280 A intervals. They were linked to each other by delicate substances, and the luminal spaces were almost obliterated except at the marginal regions. The deep-etched replica revealed the true surfaces as well as the fracture faces of the disk membrane and of the plasma membrane. The P face of the disk membrane showed many membrane particles of 40-120 A, in contrast to the E face which displayed numerous small pits. The cytoplasmic true surface of the disk membrane also contained many particles, while the luminal surface appeared smooth. A conspicuous filamentous structure linking the disks and the plasma membrane was revealed. In addition to various particles, fine strands were found on the external true surface of the plasma membrane. The subretinal space was filled with a fibrous network. The localization of the rhodopsin molecule in the disk membrane is discussed on the basis of the present evidence.
Symptomatic primary iris cysts treated with frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser photocoagulation

We report the case of a 31-year-old woman who presented with a nine-month history of blurred vision in her left eye. Slit-lamp examination and optical coherence tomography showed four cystic masses hanging at the pupillary margin of the left eye. Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser photocoagulation was used to rupture the wall (cystotomy), drain the cyst content and shrink the remnants of the pigment epithelium, using laser parameters at the lowest effective levels. The patient’s best corrected visual acuity improved significantly after treatment. Despite the increase of pigment at anterior chamber angle, no complication was observed during 6 months of follow up. This is the first report to describe frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) photocoagulation as a therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic primary IPE cysts at pupillary margin.
A broadband slant polarized cavity backed microstrip‐fed wide‐slot antenna array

This article deals with the design of a broadband cavity‐backed microstrip‐fed wide‐slot antenna array for L‐band applications. For verification purpose, a sample 1 × 4‐element antenna array has been designed, manufactured and tested. Experimental results have shown satisfactory agreement with the simulation. The proposed antenna array exhibits a measured impedance bandwidth of 1.4 GHz (90%) with frequency of 0.85 to 2.25 GHz and the gain is higher than 11 dBi. The designed antenna has small size and low weight and can be fabricated using a low‐cost fabrication process for easy integration with RF circuits and microwave components. This work is useful for some radar applications and radio frequency identification systems.
Apolipoprotein A-I and Apolipoprotein B: Better Indicators of Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients?

Diabetic retinopathy is a well-characterized, sightthreatening chronic microvascular complication that eventually afflicts all patients with DM.1 It remains the leading cause of mortality and disability in working adults with diabetes. However, this morbidity is largely preventable and treatable and if managed with timely intervention, the quality-of-life can be preserved.2-4 The DR has a significant impact on the world’s health system, resulting in blindness of over 10,000 individuals with diabetes per year. If prompt action is not taken, the number of people with DR will grow from 126.6 million in 2010 to 191.0 million by 2030, and it is estimated that the number with vision-threatening DR (VTDR) will increase from 37.3 million to 56.3 million.5 The major predictor associated with the development of DR is the duration of the disease and chronic hyperglycemia. However, some patients do not develop DR even with poor glycemic control and long duration of diabetes, whereas others with tight glycemic control and short duration of diabetes have progressed to DR.6 Dyslipidemia is one of the major biochemical changes observed in DM. Studies to examine the relationship of DR with traditional lipids have produced conflicting results.7 Elevated lipid levels lead to endothelial dysfunction via a local inflammatory response with release of cytokines and growth factors, activation of oxygen-sensitive biological changes in vessel walls, with consequent increase in LDL oxidation and quenching of nitric oxide. Currently, there has been an interest in relationship of Apo A-I and Apo B with DR. Few studies have shown association of apolipoproteins and DR.3,6 Apolipoprotein A-I is the major antiatherogenic apolipoprotein present in HDL cholesterol, which plays an important role in HDL metabolism. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase enzyme present in HDL is activated by Apo A-I, which catalyzes the reaction forming cholesterol esters (CEs). This CE-rich HDL clears the cholesterol from peripheral tissue and transports it to liver (reverse cholesterol transport). 8 Apolipoprotein B is a major apolipoprotein of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL, the atherogenic lipoproteins. It helps in solubilizing the cholesterol within the LDL complex, which, in turn, increases the transport capacity of LDL for subsequent deposition of cholesterol 1,4,5Assistant Professor, 2Professor and Head, 3Associate Professor 1-5Department of Biochemistry, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka, India
Determinación de pulso irregular en farmacias comunitarias españolas. “Resultados del proyecto ‘Know your pulse’ 2016 y 2017”

Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad del cribado de pulso irregular por el farmaceutico comunitario mediante el pilotaje de una metodologia y procedimiento para una campana de deteccion de pulso irregular en las farmacias comunitarias espanolas. Metodos: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado por farmaceuticos comunitarios socios de SEFAC entre los dias 24 a 29 de noviembre de 2016 y los dias 5 a 11 de junio de 2017. Criterios de inclusion: usuarios ≥40 anos, sin FA o con FA sin tratamiento anticoagulante. Variables principales: pulso (latidos/minuto) y CHA2 DS2 vascular. Resultados: se realizaron 789 mediciones de pulso en ambas campanas, de las cuales se encontro que 41 (5,2 %) participantes presentaban un pulso irregular. 35 (4,3 %) fueron derivados a sus medicos de familia, confirmandose 12 (1,5%) diagnosticos nuevos de FA e iniciando 7 (0,9 %) de ellos tratamiento anticoagulante. Mas del 80 % de los participantes no presentaba ningun sintoma clinico de FA y un 41,9 % padecia HTA. El numero de pacientes con CHA2 DS2 vascular ≥2 y pulso irregular fue de 17 (3,9 %), de los cuales 10 (58,8 %) estaban sin tratamiento; 5 (29,4 %) tenian tratamiento antiagregante y 2 (11,8 %) tratamiento anticoagulante. Conclusiones: tanto el elevado numero de pacientes con FA diagnosticada y sin tratamiento como el numero apreciable de pacientes con pulso irregular y sospecha de FA detectados demuestran la capacidad y eficacia de la farmacia comunitaria en la realizacion del cribado del pulso irregular contribuyendo asi a la deteccion de nuevos casos de FA.