Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pan: Phoneme-Aware Network for Monaural Speech Enhancement

Current methods for monaural speech enhancement only utilize acoustic information but seldom consider the phonetic information of an utterance. In the voice conversion community, significant progress has been achieved by using the phonetic information via the phonetic posteriorgrams (PPGs). Inspired by the progress, we propose a phoneme-aware network (PAN) to utilize the noisy PPGs for speech enhancement. Since the PPG prediction and speech enhancement benefit from each other, a PPG predictor is involved into the PAN and an iterative training algorithm is proposed for PAN. Experimental results show that the enhancement performance is improved by using the phonetic information in terms of speech intelligibility, perceptual quality and character error rate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to introduce the PPG into speech enhancement.
Inside an enclave: the dynamics of capitalism and rural politics in a post-land reform context

ABSTRACT There is no doubt that Zimbabwe's Fast Track Land Reform Program resulted in repeasantization. As several studies point out, it also resulted in accumulation from below by a majority of the resettled peasantry. Our study focuses on an area where counter-agrarian reform is in motion and accumulation from below is constrained. In this location, we argue that repeasantization is severely being contested as indicated by the re-emergence of a dual-mode of production and the subsequent ‘virtual’ dispossession and proletarianization of the land reform beneficiaries. Our findings shed more light on the dynamics of capitalism and agrarian politics in a context where land reforms are implemented under neoliberalism. In this enclave, peasants after accessing land through the land reform collectivized their land and parceled it to the downsized and nearby capitalist farming system. The capitalist farming system engages in spatio-temporal fix by moving from one rural site to another as it follows the dictates of accumulation. While the possibility of full-scale land dispossession exists, the current state ownership of land and the peasantry's resistance provided some brakes to full-scale land dispossession. At the same time, the state's limited support to land reform beneficiaries fuels this localized land dispossession. The peasantry's exploitation in this enclave ranges from corvee labor to coercion into the mini-land enclosures; these are implemented by village heads, who are local state functionaries. This study also recasts the relevance of the Marxist framework in understanding rural dynamics more specifically; it revisits Karl Kautsky's arguments on the coexistence thesis of the peasantry and capitalist farming and illustrates the Zimbabwean state's ambivalence with regards to the conditions of peasant and capitalist farming.
Systemic thrombolysis with tenecteplase in stent thrombosis patients as a life saving measure in odd situations: an observational study from tertiary care hospital

Background: Coronary artery stent thrombosis specifically acute stent thrombosis is always a nightmare for interventionist. Stent thrombosis is one of a severe and catastrophic complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Repeat PCI is commonly considered the preferred strategy to manage patients with stent thrombosis. Thrombolytic therapy is considered only partially effective. Methods: This was a single centre largest ever observational study on this topic comprising of total 110 patients with history of previous stent implantation and now presented with an acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction due to a probable stent thrombosis successfully treated with systemic thrombolysis with tenecteplase were studied over the period of 2 years (April 2017 to March 2019). Results: On analyzing data clinical success was reported in 92 (83.6%) patients, electrocardiographic success is seen in 102 (92.7%) patients while angiographic success was reported in 80(72.7%) patients. Cerebrovascular accident were reported in 2 (1.8%) patients which died later on. Conclusions: This study which is the first ever largest observational study on this topic demonstrates that, in patients with probable stent thrombosis and a short time to reperfusion in some specific extraordinary situations where timely percutaneous coronary intervention is not possible, systemic thrombolysis by fibrin specific Tenecteplase can be done as a life saving procedure which is associated with good immediate results.
Early-Stage Planning of Switched-Capacitor Converters in a Heterogeneous Chip

The switched-capacitor converter (SCC) has been widely used for voltage regulation in multicore chips, where energy efficiency is the major concern. However as the overhead to integrate SCCs in a chip is non-negligible, the SCCs could not be overused. Hence in this paper we propose an early stage SCCs planning framework to obtain the SCC supply scheme together with the optimized Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) capacitance allocation and converter ratio selection for each SCC when the given number of SCCs is less than the number of cores. Besides, our method could also explore to find the best number of used SCCs for a given chip. The experiments show the results of our SCC planning methods.
A Four-Year, Seven-State Reforestation Trial with Eastern Hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis) Resistant to Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Adelges tsugae)

We conducted over a decade of research into individual eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis; hemlock) trees that are potentially resistant to hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae; HWA), an invasive xylem-feeding insect that is capable of rapidly killing even mature trees. Following clonal propagation of these individuals, in 2015 we planted size- and age-matched HWA-resistant and HWA-susceptible hemlocks in HWA-infested forest plots in seven states. In 2019, we re-surveyed the plots; 96% of HWA-resistant hemlocks survived compared to 48% of susceptible trees. The surviving HWA-resistant trees were also taller, produced more lateral growth, retained more foliage, and supported lower densities of the elongate hemlock scale Fiorinia externa, another invasive hemlock pest, than the surviving HWA-susceptible trees. Our results suggest that HWA management may benefit from additional research exploring the identification, characterization, and use of HWA-resistant eastern hemlocks in future reforestation efforts.
Advanced Machine Learning Techniques To Assist Dyslexic Children For Easy Readability

: “ Dyslexia” is disorder normally occurred in children. In which they are unable to learn the things easily as like normal children. Such kids are considered as Dyslexic Children. Main objective of this paper is to assist such child for easy readability the paper focuses on reading disability of Hindi words. Children of age five to seven years are considered as target, which are having problem in reading. Here some of the software based techniques and some hardware based techniques are discussed. Total 600 sounds of Hindi two letters and three letters words are taken as an input. These audios are trained by using Dynamic Time wrapping algorithm . Their results are compared. After training whenever this system will be used as assistive system for dyslexic children. They should be easily read and recognize the word.
Comparing Efficiencies of Two Selection Approaches for Improving Fusarium Basal Rot Resistance in Short-Day Onion after a Single Cycle of Selection

The development of Fusarium Basal Rot (FBR)-resistant onion cultivars through field and seedling screening approaches faces tremendous challenges due to non-uniform distribution of the disease pathogen and possible multiple mechanisms of host–plant resistance. This study compared the efficiencies of these two methods for increasing FBR resistance of short-day onion after a single selection cycle. Asymptomatic plants or bulbs of seven onion cultivars were selected using a seedling screen performed in a growth chamber or a field screening of mature bulbs. Original and selected populations were evaluated for their responses to FBR stress thereafter employing the same two methods used for screening. The field screening of mature bulbs was found unreliable in both selection and evaluation, likely due to a non-random distribution of the FBR pathogen and variable environmental factors present in the field. The seedling screening successfully increased FBR resistance in the selected cultivar populations revealed by a seedling evaluation. From the results, it is recommended to use a consistent method for both screening and evaluation to make the most selection progress.
α11β1 Integrin Recognizes the GFOGER Sequence in Interstitial Collagens*

The integrins α1β1, α2β1, α10β1, and α11β1 are referred to as a collagen receptor subgroup of the integrin family. Recently, both α1β1 and α2β1integrins have been shown to recognize triple-helical GFOGER (where single letter amino acid nomenclature is used, O = hydroxyproline) or GFOGER-like motifs found in collagens, despite their distinct binding specificity for various collagen subtypes. In the present study we have investigated the mechanism whereby the latest member in the integrin family, α11β1, recognizes collagens using C2C12 cells transfected with α11 cDNA and the bacterially expressed recombinant α11 I domain. The ligand binding properties of α11β1 were compared with those of α2β1. Mg2+-dependent α11β1 binding to type I collagen required micromolar Ca2+ but was inhibited by 1 mmCa2+, whereas α2β1-mediated binding was refractory to millimolar concentrations of Ca2+. The bacterially expressed recombinant α11 I domain preference for fibrillar collagens over collagens IV and VI was the same as the α2 I domain. Despite the difference in Ca2+ sensitivity, α11β1-expressing cells and the α11 I domain bound to helical GFOGER sequences in a manner similar to α2β1-expressing cells and the α2 I domain. Modeling of the α I domain-collagen peptide complexes could partially explain the observed preference of different I domains for certain GFOGER sequence variations. In summary, our data indicate that the GFOGER sequence in fibrillar collagens is a common recognition motif used by α1β1, α2β1, and also α11β1 integrins. Although α10and α11 chains show the highest sequence identity, α2 and α11 are more similar with regard to collagen specificity. Future studies will reveal whether α2β1 and α11β1integrins also show overlapping biological functions.
Antioxidant properties and stability of Raphanus sativus extracts

The present investigation was planned to analyze the antioxidant components, activity and stability of Raphanus sativus leaves. The antioxidant activity of methanol (ME), ethanol (EE) and water (WE) extracts was determined by DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power and in vitro inhibition of lipid oxidation. Temperature and pH stability of extracts was also studied. The extracts showed a dose dependent scavenging of the free radical; DPPH. EE showed higher activity than ME and WE. The extracts also showed varying degree of reducing capacity. Further, all the extracts inhibited the formation of lipid peroxides and their efficacy was in the order of a-tocopherol (80%)>EE (69%)>WE (70%)>ME (65%). The activity of WE was increased by 3% after heat treatment. The antioxidant activity of EE at both pH 4 and 7 was higher than WE and ME. At pH 7 all the extracts were stable and at pH 9 no activity was shown. Data indicates the potentiality of the Raphanus sativus leaves to utilize as a natural antioxidant.
Occurrence of Helminthosporium species on cereals in Finland in 1971-1973.

This study was carried out on Helminthosporium species found on cereals (Avena sutiva L., Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum aestivum L., Secale cereale L.) and couch grass (Agropycon repens (L.)PB. ) The objective was to ascertain their distribution and general significance in Finland. The results were obtained from samples of cereals gathered in 2040 fields all over the country during the growing season 1971 1973. The samples of couch grass (approx. 170 samples) were collected in fields and the borders
Electromagnetic Design of a Dual-Consequent-Pole Transverse Flux Motor

In this paper, a dual-consequent-pole transverse flux motor and its electromagnetic design method are proposed. Both the stator and rotor of the proposed motor are designed to own the consequent-pole configurations. The unique motor structure improves the space utilization and the torque density. Firstly, the detailed structure and principle are introduced, and the development of the torque density of the proposed motor is discussed. Secondly, the electromagnetic design method's theory, considerations and flow process are listed. Then, the selections of some main structure parameters are proposed (e.g., pole-pitch, thickness of PMs and pole-arc coefficients of PMs). The electromagnetic performances of the proposed motor are compared with the existed transverse flux machines. At last, a prototype is manufactured and some primary experiments are done to verify and evaluate the proposed motor topology.
Polyfunctional CD4 T cells in the response to bovine tuberculosis. (VET2P.1034)

Polyfunctional CD4 T cells simultaneously produce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and play relevant roles in several chronic infections, including human TB and HIV. However, the assessment of this response in bovine infections was not feasible due to the lack of monoclonal antibodies that recognize bovine IL-2. Recently, an antibody specific for bovine IL-2 enabled the evaluation of polyfunctional T cells in cattle. The objective of the present study was to access antigen-specific polyfunctional ex vivo responses after aerosol Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from infected cattle and stimulated with rESAT-6:CFP-10 (E:C), media or pokeweed (PWM) for 16 hours. After stimulation, the expression of CD4, CD45RO, CCR7, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and cell viability were evaluated. The ex vivo response to E:C consisted of 63% effectors (CD4+ CD45RO- CCR7-), 32% effector memory (CD4+ CD45RO+ CCR7-), and 9% central memory (CD4+ CD45RO+ CCR7+) phenotypes. In regard to the cytokine profile, 70% of cells producing cytokines expressed both IFN-γ and TNF-α, 31% expressed all three cytokines, 6% expressed both TNF-α and IL-2, and 3% expressed IL-2 and IFN-γ. Cells producing only IFN-γ, IL-2, or TNF-α represented, 5%, 8% and 1%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the polyfunctional response consists mainly of effector cells co-producing IFN-γ and TNF-α.
Project Training as the Basis for the Formation of Entrepreneurial Competencies

For the effective training of highly qualified specialists in any field of professional activity, it is necessary to develop entrepreneurial competencies. The article discusses the formation of entrepreneurial competencies among students of Kazan State Power Engineering University (KSEU) and presents the requirements of employers for future power engineers: basic technical education, a portfolio of achievements in educational activities, intellectual potential, experience in project activities, and entrepreneurial competencies. The definitions of project training and its implementation in the university are given on the example of the work of the student business incubator and the youth innovation center of KSEU. It is shown that the implementation of the project involves the use of innovative teaching methods and means, as well as the ability to apply knowledge from various fields of science, engineering, technology, economics and management.
Target-dependent regulation of presynaptic calcium influx in an identified neuromuscular synapse in Helisoma trivolvis

Funte, Lisa Renee, "Target-dependent regulation of presynaptic calcium influx in an identified neuromuscular synapse in Helisoma trivolvis " (1993). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. Paper 10231. This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Target-dependent regulation of presynaptic calcium influx in an identified neuromuscular synapse in Helisoma trivolvis 1993 Signature was redacted for privacy.
Development of three‐phase unbalanced power flow using local control of connected photovoltaic systems

With the increased number of installations of distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems within electricity distribution systems, power flow analysis is required to handle multiple PV systems. At present, PV systems are equipped with a local control function (LCF). The conventional algorithm is then applied for power flow analysis with the LCF of each PV system, where the power output of LCF of each PV system is calculated and used in the power flow calculation. The conventional algorithm is terminated when the voltage at each iteration of the power flow algorithm is converged. However, the conventional algorithm inevitably requires a lengthy calculation. This paper proposes a power flow algorithm that applies the Newton–Raphson technique to handle multiple PV systems with an LCF for a faster calculation. The LCF is approximated to have a continuous characteristic. The developed power flow algorithm can be used for a three‐phase unbalanced distribution system and its effectiveness was demonstrated in a modified 19‐node distribution system. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Networking in the absence of congestion control

Abstract We study a future Internet networking paradigm where instead of congestion control an open loop traffic control is applied. We aim to give theoretical foundations for data transfer controlled only by the access points of the network. The key characteristics of networks without congestion control are stability and efficiency addressed in this paper. We consider the queue length processes of data-flows on directed graphs. The stability is characterized by the ergodicity of these processes and the efficiency of the network is measured by the Price of Anarchy. Under restrictions on the input traffic rates we derive an achievable efficiency limit in a stable network for very general conditions, namely, for any network topology and for any buffer management policy. Moreover, we show that even for cyclic networks, which usually cause severe instability in networks, an upper bound for the loss of efficiency can be given independently of the size of the network under a fair AQM buffer management policy. Furthermore, for monotonic networks we present a reasonable choice for setting access capacities. Our results demonstrate that with a proper setting of access capacities of incoming flows the congestion collapse of the Internet can be avoided even without congestion control.
Research on the Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Exercise Behavior of User in Social Network

A growing number of information technology systems and services have occurred to change users’ attitudes or behaviors or both in the rapid development of mobile social media platforms. It is a new topic in the field of health communication whether the digitization and socialization of individual exercise behavior can stimulate health behavior. WeRun is a typical platform for the digitization and socialization of individual exercise. Based on 689 WeRun users’ questionnaires, this study first repairs the missing and abnormal data by BP neural network. Then, the decision tree is used to evaluate the relationship between the perceived social support and exercise behavior under different intervention conditions, and detects the heterogeneous intervention effects for different pre-intervention profiles. In addition, this study further discusses the performances of social support features of persuasion technology in the WeRun. The data-driven method used in this study is beneficial to reducing self-selection bias and evaluate the intervention effect. The decision tree does not require decision-makers to have much expertise or to make parameter hypotheses while evaluating the intervention effect, and the results are more direct and intelligible. The results show that the decision tree can detect the heterogeneous intervention effect. In some cases, there is not a perfectly positive correlation between the degree of perceived social support and the number of average daily steps, and the relationship with friends has a great impact on the user’s perceived social support. In addition, it also reveals the relationship between social comparison and perceived social support, and their interaction on exercise behavior. Finally, this study provides practical suggestions for the design and operation of e-health social network platform. The platforms are supposed to take corresponding persuasive strategies according to the various characteristics of users, so as to improve the continuous attention and participation of users.
Why a Richer World Will Have More Civic Discontent: The Infinity Theory of Social Movements

Two narratives of economic development are presented. The first highlights contemporary global wealth and income inequality. The second illustrates historical aggregate gains in global wealth and income. Within these two broad narratives of economic development, protests and social movements will arise to modulate feelings of unfairness and deprivation. A new theory of social movements is developed. Collective remembering and collective imagining can inform feelings of unfairness, frustration, and relative deprivation in the present. This theory highlights the importance of a temporal account of the development of social movements within democracies that allow for the expression of civic discontent without brutalization. The theory predicts aggregate global economic development, with unequal economic gains, will always necessitate social movements to modulate economic inequality and circumvent perceived and actual hardship. The implications of this theory for understanding globalization, social movements, and creating fairer democratic societies are discussed.