Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Community Psychiatry

The definition of community psychiatry is, of course, a central issue in any personal choice of books or articles about this field. The topic may be interpreted as the study of the provision of psychiatric and related services for the optimal care of the whole community or population. Alternatively, the concept may be confined to all services except hospital residential care, or even to more restrictive definitions. My preference is to adopt the wider definition on the basis of Gestalt theory applied to organisations. That is to say, non-hospital care may have characteristics of its own, but it will also have characteristics which result from its inclusion in the whole programme of psychiatric and social care available. Hence, community psychiatry is only understandable in the context of all forms of care. The interaction of the clinical and organisational roles in community psychiatry is probably more important for good patient care than in any other clinical specialty. In reading about this topic, therefore, a balance has to be struck between clinical psychology and psychiatry and their related skills on the one hand and an understanding of management and its skills on the other.
PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT Diversification of CYCLOIDEA expression in the evolution of bilateral flower symmetry in Caprifoliaceae and Lonicera (Dipsacales)

† Background and Aims The expression of floral symmetry genes is examined in the CYCLOIDEA lineage following duplication, and these are linked to changes in flower morphology. The study focuses on Dipsacales, comparing DipsCYC2 gene expression in Viburnum (radially symmetrical Adoxaceae) to members of early-diverging lineages of the bilaterally symmetrical Caprifoliaceae (Diervilla and Lonicera). † Methods Floral tissue from six species, which included dorsal, lateral and ventral regions of the corolla, was dissected. RNA was extracted from these tissues and each copy of DipsCYC2 was amplified with reverse transcriptase PCR. † Key Results Members of DipsCYC2 were expressed across the corolla in the radially symmetrical Viburnum plicatum. A shift to bilaterally symmetrical flowers at the base of the Caprifoliaceae was accompanied by a duplication of the DipsCYC2 gene, resulting in DipsCYC2A and DipsCYC2B, and by loss of expression of both of these copies in the ventral petal. In Lonicera (Caprifolieae), there is a shift from flowers with two dorsally and three ventrally oriented corolla lobes to a clear differentiation of dorsal, lateral and ventral lobes. This shift entailed a decoupling of expression of DipsCYC2A and DipsCYC2B; DipsCYC2B continues to be expressed in the dorsal and lateral lobes, while DipsCYC2A expression is restricted to just the two dorsal lobes. A reversion to more radially symmetrical flowers within Lonicera was accompanied by a re-expansion of expression of both DipsCYC2A and DipsCYC2B. † Conclusions The transition to bilateral symmetry in Caprifoliaceae involved: (a) duplication of an ancestral DipsCYC2 gene; (b) the loss of expression of both of these copies in the ventral petal; and (c) changes in the zone of expression, with one copy continuing to be expressed across the dorsal and lateral petals, and the other copy becoming restricted in expression to the dorsal corolla lobes.
Jews, Christians, and the Roman Empire: The Poetics of Power in Late Antiquity

List of Abbreviations Introduction: Rethinking Romanness, Provincializing Christendom -Annette Yoshiko Reed and Natalie B. Dohrmann PART I. RABBIS AND OTHER ROMAN SUBELITES Chapter 1. The Afterlives of the Torah's Ethnic Language: The Sifra and Clement on Lev 18.1-5 -Beth A. Berkowitz Chapter 2. The Kingdom of Edessa and the Creation of a Christian Aristocracy -William Adler Chapter 3. Law and Imperial Idioms: Rabbinic Legalism in a Roman World -Natalie B. Dohrmann Chapter 4. The Law of Moses and the Jews: Rabbis, Ethnic Marking, and Romanization -Hayim Lapin PART II. CHRISTIANIZATION AND OTHER MODALITIES OF ROMANIZATION Chapter 5. There Is No Place Like Home: Rabbinic Responses to the Christianization of Palestine -Joshua Levinson Chapter 6. Between Gaza and Minorca: The (Un)Making of Minorities in Late Antiquity -Hagith Sivan Chapter 7. Christian Historiographers' Reflections on Jewish-Christian Violence in Fifth-Century Alexandria -Oded Irshai Chapter 8. Narrating Salvation: Verbal Sacrifices in Late Antique Liturgical Poetry -Ophir Munz-Manor Chapter 9. Israelite Kingship, Christian Rome, and the Jewish Imperial Imagination: Midrashic Precursors to the Medieval "Throne of Solomon" -Ra'anan Boustan PART III. CONTINUITY AND RUPTURE Chapter 10. Chains of Tradition from Avot to the Avodah Piyutim -Michael D. Swartz Chapter 11. Change in Continuity in Late Legal Papyri from Palaestina Tertia: Nomos Hellenikos and Ethos Romaikon -Hannah M. Cotton Chapter 12. The Representation of the Temple and Jerusalem in Jewish and Christian Houses of Prayer in the Holy Land in Late Antiquity -Rina Talgam Chapter 13. Roman Christianity and the Post-Roman West: The Social Correlates of the Contra Iudaeos Tradition -Paula Fredriksen Notes Select Bibliography of Secondary Sources List of Contributors Index Acknowledgments
A segmental hidden Markov model for speech pattern processing

Abstract : A simple statistical segmental approach to speech pattern modelling, based on segmental hidden Markov models, is proposed which addresses some of the limitations of conventional hidden Markov model based methods. The most important features of the new approach are the use of an underlying semi-Markov process to model speech at the segment level, rather than time-synchronous frame level, and to enable improved segment duration modelling, and the development of a segment model in which separate statistical processes are used to characterise extra-state and intrastate variability, thus making the temporal independence assumption more acceptable within a segment. A basic mathematical analysis of gaussian segmental hidden Markov models is presented and model parameter re- estimation equations are derived. The relationship between the new type of model and variable frame rate analysis and conventional gaussian mixture based hidden Markov models is exposed.
Monitoring and management of antipsychotic-related metabolic and endocrine adverse events in pediatric patients

Efficacy differences among antipsychotics are relatively small and difficult to predict, however, differences are generally larger and more predictable regarding adverse effects. Antipsychotic related metabolic and endocrine abnormalities are most worrisome, as they are risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Importantly, children and adolescents may be more sensitive to antipsychotic related adverse events than adults, including developmentally inappropriate weight gain and glucose, lipid and prolactin abnormalities, which can be associated with adverse physical outcomes during childhood. Careful selection of an antipsychotic, as well as proactive monitoring and management of side effects should be part of routine clinical practice. Because children and adolescents undergo expected physical changes, it is important to use developmentally appropriate thresholds for weight and metabolic measures. Research is required to elucidate risk factors, mechanisms and best interventions for antipsychotic related adverse endocrine and metabolic effects in pediatric patients.
The California Condor: A Saga of Natural History and Conservation

The California Condor: A Saga of Natural History and Conservation, by Noel Snyder and Helen Snyder. 2000. Academic Press, San Diego. 410 pp., 118 color and 21 black-and-white photos, 22 tables, 8 graphs, 4 maps. Hardback, $29.95. ISBN 0-12-654005-5. This nearly folio-sized book of 41/4 pounds is aptly subtitled, given the history of the major study and conservation programs directed toward this species ince the 1940s. A prologue tells of the authors' first experience with California Condors and expresses the book's goal, "to give the reader an appreciation of both the basic biology of the condor and the dynamics of condor conservation from a viewpoint mainly inside the conservation and research program. " The book is then organized into six "parts," the first of which is "historical and background matters. " chapter 1, on "perspectives," summarizes the species' natural history and compares it with that of the Andean Condor and several Old World vultures. Chapter 2 provides an excellent account of the ceremonial and other uses made of California and Andean Condors by native peoples within their ranges. Part I concludes with the 39-page chapter 3, "Condor Research and Conservation in the Early-Mid 20th Century. " Much of this is derived directly from the same authors' 1989 account "Biology and Conservation of the California Condor (Current Biology 6:175-267). Some of the text is identical, but other parts are rewritten and updated where appropriate. As in their earlier account, the Snyders divided studies preceding theirs into segments that they now call "eras," each named for one or two of the chief investigators or proponents: Finley (early 1900s), Robinson-Easton (1930s), Koford (the first detailed field study, 1939-46), Miller-McMillan (late 1950s into 1970s), [Fred] Sibley (1966-1969), and Wilbur (1970s). Throughout this chapter, the Snyders trace the developing knowledge of the condor's behavior and ecology, along with changes in ideas as to its apparent decline. Each era is also credited with a special advance in knowledge or a particular emphasis that had a subsequent effect on the effort to conserve the species. Interaction of the sometimes conflicting ideas is discussed freely whenever it seems appropriate, and the authors give their own evaluation of the major advances and diversions. Thus the stage is set for Part II.
Super and massive AGB stars - IV. Final fates - Initial to final mass relation

We explore the final fates of massive intermediate-mass stars by computing detailed stellar models from the zero-age main sequence until near the end of the thermally pulsing phase. These super-asymptotic giant branch (super-AGB) and massive AGB star models are in the mass range between 5.0 and 10.0 M circle dot for metallicities spanning the range Z = 0.02-0.0001. We probe the mass limits M-up, M-n and M-mass, the minimum masses for the onset of carbon burning, the formation of a neutron star and the iron core-collapse supernovae, respectively, to constrain the white dwarf/electron-capture supernova (EC-SN) boundary. We provide a theoretical initial-to-final mass relation for the massive and ultra-massive white dwarfs and specify the mass range for the occurrence of hybrid CO(Ne) white dwarfs. We predict EC-SN rates for lower metallicities which are significantly lower than existing values from parametric studies in the literature. We conclude that the EC-SN channel (for single stars and with the critical assumption being the choice of mass-loss rate) is very narrow in initial mass, at most approximate to 0.2 M circle dot. This implies that between 2 and 5 per cent of all gravitational collapse supernova are EC-SNe in the metallicity range Z = 0.02-0.0001. With our choice for mass-loss prescription and computed core growth rates, we find, within our metallicity range, that CO cores cannot grow sufficiently massive to undergo a Type 1.5 SN explosion.
Other supportive care

As well as specific organ support techniques such as mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy, patients in intensive care require other interventions to maintain organ function and prevent further damage. These include nutritional support, preserving skin integrity, psychological support, and mobilisation. These interventions enable patients to recover their previous level of health, prevent intercurrent problems such as nosocomial infection and lung atelectasis, and support psychological and physical wellbeing. Intensive care is not just about organ support Patients who are intubated or mechanically ventilated require chest physiotherapy to remove excess bronchial secretions, re-expand atelectatic areas, improve ventilation, decrease ventilation-perfusion mismatch, and mobilise the thoracic cage. #### Respiratory complications associated with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation Bronchial secretions increase in intubated patients as the tracheal mucous membrane is irritated. These secretions may become tenacious as the patients' natural humidification has been bypassed. Expectoration may also be reduced by an ineffective cough, decreased ciliary action, and loss of sigh breaths. Secretion tenacity can be reduced by adequate humidification and systemic hydration. Clearance of secretions is achieved by chest physiotherapy, suctioning, and occasionally bronchial lavage. Manual hyperinflation improves lung compliance and arterial oxygenation #### Disadvantages of immobility ##### Cardiovascular ##### Respiratory ##### Metabolic ##### Musculoskeletal The primary aims of chest physiotherapy are to improve gas exchange and prevent atelectasis and consolidation, which occur as a result of mucus plugging or infection. Patients are assessed daily and will receive the following treatments as appropriate. Positioning —For postural drainage or to improve ventilation-perfusion matching. Manual …
Attenuated baroreflex sensitivity in normotensive prediabetes and diabetes in Indian adults

ABSTRACT Purpose/aim of the study: Though attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is known to promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diabetics, its status in prediabetes has not been reported. Also, the link of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive diabetics has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the association of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive prediabetics and diabetics. Materials and methods: Participants (n = 154) of 18–45 years were divided into normoglycemics (n = 52), prediabetics (n = 64) and diabetics (n = 38) based on American Diabetes Association criteria. Body mass index, waist–hip ratio, waist–height ratio, body fat mass index, basal heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, rate pressure product, BRS, heart rate variability (HRV), fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were measured. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance were calculated. Results: There was significant increase in all the parameters except BRS, HRV and high-density lipoprotein in prediabetics and diabetics compared to normoglycemics. All these parameters were significantly altered in prediabetics compared to diabetics. Significant negative correlation was found between BRS and other parameters in prediabetics and diabetics. Conclusions: BRS was attenuated in normotensive prediabetics and diabetics with high IDRS, insulin resistance, AIP, dyslipidemia and reduced HRV that predisposes them to CVD risk. The study demonstrates CVD risk quite early in the prediabetics with reduced HRV, high body fat, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, AIP and rate pressure product.
Oocyte morphology and embryo morphokinetics in an intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection programme. Is there a relationship?

Summary The aim was to investigate the relationship between the morphological parameters of metaphase II (MII) oocytes with morphokinetic variables of embryos following an intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. Morphokinetic behaviour and abnormal cleavage patterns of 334 zygotes were analyzed using time-lapse monitoring (TLM). In addition, oocyte morphology was assessed in relation to embryo morphokinetic (absolute time point, including time to second polar body (PB) extrusion (ESPB), pronuclei (PN) appearance (PNA), PN fading (PNF), time to 2-cells (t2), 3c (t3), 4c (t4), 5c (t5), 6c (t6), 7c (t7), 8c (t8) and relative timing parameters (S1, S2, CC2 and CC3). Also, cleavage patterns (uneven blastomeres, reverse, direct and arbitrary) were assessed. The data showed that 79% of the normal fertilized oocytes had at least one abnormal morphological characteristic. Intra-cytoplasmic abnormalities were observed in 12% of the oocytes. Also, extra-cytoplasmic abnormalities were noticed in 29%, while combined intra- and extra-cytoplasmic abnormalities were responsible for the remaining 38% of the oocytes. Nearly all cleavage and interval times, except extrusion of the ESPB time (P = 0.003), were similar between normal and abnormal morphologic oocytes (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was significant relationship for oocyte morphology abnormalities and cleavage patterns, including uneven blastomere (P = 0.037), reverse cleavage (RC) (P = 0.0), direct (P = 0.001) and arbitrary cleavages (P = 0.001). Using TLM, the cleavage patterns of embryos were affected by the quality of MII oocytes in the ICSI cycles. So, evaluation of oocyte morphology with subsequent embryo morphokinetics is recommended in assisted reproductive programmes.
RFID impacts on barriers affecting lean manufacturing

Purpose Lean manufacturing is one of the leading paradigms for fast and proficient manufacturing but its proper implementation is a foremost task due to certain barriers affecting lean and can be handled when utilized with RFID technology. With this aspect in view, the purpose of this paper is to enlighten and present a thorough literature study that can show how RFID-based lean manufacturing is helpful for handling barriers affecting lean manufacturing in light of previous literature available. Design/methodology/approach In order to achieve this purpose a systematic literature review is conducted to justify the impacts of RFID technology for handling barriers. The aim of this systematic literature review is to initially find the barriers affecting lean implementation and then to explain the properties of RFID-based lean manufacturing which are highly feasible to handle detected barriers. Findings An interrelation is generated in this study which provides a clear indication that the properties of RFID carry significant effects to handle detected barriers in the operational, managerial and financial regime of manufacturing companies. The detected barriers that affect lean implementation are company’s cultures, top management commitment, poor employee administration, lack of finances, unbalanced inventory control, unstable customer handling and longer lead times. The properties of RFID-based lean manufacturing like operational visibility, inventory control, production control, minimized lead times and the real-time data information (to facilitate top management and employees on shop floor) are extremely helpful to control these barriers. Originality/value The originality of this study is the provision of clarity provided to both academicians and practitioners by citing and utilizing previous research studies which undoubtedly indicates positive impacts of RFID on lean implementation.
Age‐related changes in testosterone and the role of replacement therapy in older men

Western populations represent an ageing society with continuing gains being made in life expectancy; a male born in Australia has a healthy life expectancy of 70 years with slightly lower expectations for those born in the UK and USA (WHO, 2001). The search for ways to maintain and enhance physical health and well-being is endless. Rather than aiming to simply live longer, people aspire to undertake ‘active ageing’ (WHO, 2002), with an emphasis on quality of life. Attention has been focussed on the possibility that testosterone replacement therapy may be beneficial to the quality of life of men in middle age and beyond, akin to that of the role of oestrogen replacement for symptomatic peri- and postmenopausal women (Hlatky et al ., 2002). Although the clinical presentation of androgen deficiency in men with primary or secondary testicular failure is well recognized and the benefits of treatment well established (Allan & McLachlan, 2003), whether testosterone replacement therapy is beneficial for older men with more subtle age-associated declines in serum testosterone levels is beneficial remains uncertain. Ill-defined terms such as ‘andropause’ or ‘partial androgen deficiency of ageing men’ have been popularized and underscore the increasing use of testosterone treatment for a range of ailments prevalent in older men. In the USA, the market for testosterone therapies has increased from US$49 million to almost US$400 million between 1997 and , with the majority of prescribing being for men 40 years and older. No matter how well-intentioned, such treatment cannot escape evaluation according to the modern principles of evidence-based medicine. Recent experiences in the field of female HRT (Hulley et al ., 1998; Rossouw et al ., 2002) serve to remind us of the need for properly designed and powered randomized, placebo-controlled data, and for caution in extrapolating cross-sectional or surrogate end-point data. We will discuss the extent of age-related decline in testosterone and the confounding effects of concomitant illness, the physiology of the changes in the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐testicular (HPT) axis, and the approaches to the laboratory assessment of hypoandrogenism in older men. The effects of androgens on key target tissues and the existing data from the limited number of placebo-controlled trials regarding the benefits and potential risks of its usage will be discussed.
Robust TSV via-middle and via-reveal process integration accomplished through characterization and management of sources of variation

An overview is given of developments in unit-process and process-integration technology enabling the realization of through-silicon vias (TSVs) for 3D chip stacking. TSVs are expected to increase interconnect bandwidth, reduce wire delay due to shorter vertical signal path, and improve power efficiency [1-3]. The fabrication sequences for forming TSVs in the middle of the line (via-middle approach) and for revealing them from the backside in the far back end of the line are described with detailed attention to major unit processes of etch, dielectric deposition, barrier and seed deposition, electrochemical deposition, and chemical-mechanical planarization. Unit-process advances are described in relation to the structural and functional requirements of the TSVs, and examples are given of co-optimization among the interdependent steps of the integrated sequence. Emphasis is given to copper vias of diameter 4 to 10μm with aspect ratio between 8 and 12. For both the viaformation and via-reveal sequence, it is shown how integration problems were overcome by a comprehensive approach.
A Soft-Touch Gripper for Grasping Delicate Objects

The design of a soft-touch gripper is presented. This gripper consumes less than 60 W of power during grasp or release motions, is self-contained, inherently gentle, and can grasp delicate objects such as fruits or vegetables. The soft-touch gripper utilizes a variable-volume chamber sealed by a thin flexible latex membrane and relies on both friction between the membrane and the object being grasped, and a pressure differential between atmospheric pressure and the volume of trapped air sealed between the membrane and the object being grasped. A simplified analytical model, which can be used to estimate the grip strength of the soft-touch gripper, is developed and experimentally validated.